bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conceptual framework for the legitimate elimination of the developmental mandate by state-owned companies in South Africa
Authors: Wagener Genevieve Paige
Published: May 2023

The Republic of South Africa has adopted developmental ideals as part of the principles governing its public administration, including using state-owned companies (SOCs) as a mechanism for executing the developmental mandate. However, in terms of s 195(1)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, these principles must be balanced with the principle of promoting ‘[e]fficient, economic and effective use of resources’. South Africa’s state-owned entities currently face numerous challenges affecting their efficiency, effectiveness and viability. This article focuses on SOCs as legal entities and considers structural changes to the legislative framework within which these entities function to address these challenges. The proposed statutory amendments set out in this article aim to utilise the existing tested and functioning framework of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 to align the definitional requirements in the Public Finance Management Act 1 of 1999 that certain state-owned entities pursue purely commercial mandates with the requirement that a ‘state-owned company’ (as defined in the Companies Act) is a profit company which must operate for the financial gain of its shareholders. The article also proposes the introduction of a ‘stateowned enterprise’ into the Companies Act to accommodate the developmental mandate in a legislative structure which fosters more sustainability and accountability than the current legislative regime.
The role of beneficial ownership reporting obligations and the reckless trading provision to prevent front companies in terms of the Companies Act 71 of 2008
Authors: Dhana Neha
Published: May 2023

The corporate form has the potential to be abused by natural persons. A front company is an example of such abuse. A front company is an incorporated company that is used as a vehicle to conduct illegal activities. The natural persons that control this front company and ultimately benefit from proceeds derived from the illicit conduct conceal their identity by hiding behind the company’s separate legal personality to escape civil and criminal liability. A report indicates that billions of rands are obtained through illegal activities perpetrated against the corporate form in South Africa. This means that natural persons can successfully misuse the corporate form as a front. For this reason, it is imperative that a legal framework is in place to circumvent the formation and operation of front companies. Foreign jurisdictions such as the United States of America and Kenya deter front companies by recognising beneficial ownership and placing a reporting obligation on beneficial owners to reveal themselves to a regulatory body. The abuse of the corporate form as a front is a company law issue and ought to be regulated by the South African Companies Act 71 of 2008 (Companies Act). However, the Companies Act does not recognise beneficial ownership per se. The Companies Act recognises beneficial interest only in relation to persons that exercise a legal right held in securities. It is argued that to prevent front companies in South Africa, the Companies Act should be amended to fully recognise beneficial ownership and place a report obligation on these persons to reveal themselves to the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission. It is further argued that the statutory remedy, the reckless trading provision, should be expanded to apply to beneficial owners to act as an instrument to prevent the operation of front companies.
Responding to stockholder proposals, director elections and sayon- pay votes
Authors: Hanks Jr James J , Schiffer Michael D , Sheehan Michael F
Published: May 2023

As boards of directors of public companies prepare for their 2023 annual meetings and, relatedly, consider the voting results from 2022 annual meetings, we are being asked for advice concerning (I) the duties of directors of Maryland corporations and (II) the policies and current practices of the proxy advisory services relating to stockholder proposals, director elections, and Say-On-Pay votes.
Book review: Corporate Law and Corporate Governance – A Global Picture of Business Undertakings in South Africa, 2 ed
Authors: Mongalo Tshepo , Scott Tshepiso
Published: May 2023

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Amalan Kepimpinan Instruksional Guru Besar dengan Komitmen Guru Sekolah Rendah di Daerah Kapit
Authors: Unyit Aking Anak , Mohd Hamzah Mohd Izham
Published: May 2023

Kepimpinan dalam pendidikan khususnya di sekolah merujuk kepada amalan guru besar yang bertanggungjawab bagi memastikan kejayaan pelaksanaan dasar dan matlamat yang ditentukan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). Amalan kepimpinan guru besar dapat mempengaruhi komitmen guru di sekolah. Tujuan kajian untuk mengenal pasti tahap amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar dengan komitmen guru sekolah rendah di daerah Kapit. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk tinjauan dengan menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif menggunakan soal selidik yang telah diubahsuai diedarkan ke sekolah secara rawak mudah untuk mengumpul data. Responden terdiri daripada 256 orang guru sekolah rendah kerajaan yang bertugas di daerah Kapit, Sarawak. Analisis deskriptif dan inferensi menggunakan perisian SPSS Versi 26 untuk menjawab persoalan kajian. Dapatan kajian telah membuktikan tahap amalan kepimpinan instruksional pentadbir secara keseluruhannya berada pada tahap tinggi (min = 4.57, s.p = 0.452) manakala tahap komitmen guru berada pada tahap sederhana (min = 3.67, s.p = 0.691). Analisis melalui ujian Korelasi Pearson juga membuktikan terdapat hubungan signifikan positif lemah di antara amalan kepimpinan instruksional guru besar dengan komitmen guru (r = 0.113). Dapatan telah memberi implikasi terhadap model, dasar, latihan serta guru dan pemimpin sekolah dalam mendasari amalan kepimpinan di sekolah. Kesimpulannya, amalan kepimpinan pentadbir di sekolah sangat mempengaruhi komitmen guru.
Design of intuitive user interfaces for virtual assistants in university education
Authors: Álvarez Reyes Julio César
Published: May 2023

Designing an intuitive user interface for virtual assistants in higher education presents several challenges, chief among them being natural language understanding, virtual assistant customization, user-centered design, integration with existing technology, and consideration of the educational context. The success of virtual assistants in higher education depends on the ability of designers and developers to understand the needs and preferences of users and their ability to design intuitive and effective user interfaces that enhance the learning and teaching experience. To address the challenges in designing intuitive user interfaces for virtual assistants, various methods can be used, such as creating a natural language-based user interface, including visual elements, and designing a custom user interface. and adaptable.
Percepção dos Professores sobre as Avaliações Externas na Educação Básica no Ceará
Authors: Sales Karine Moreira Gomes , Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza
Published: May 2023

Atualmente os processos de ensino e aprendizagem na educação sistematizada tem passado por constantes inquietações, especialmente quando o assunto é relacionado à qualidade da educação e sua avaliação. Nesse contexto, a Avaliação Educacional vem ganhando, ao longo dos anos, significativo destaque nas políticas públicas educacionais. No Ceará-Brasil, o Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) em rede nacional e o Sistema Permanente de Avaliação da Educação Básica do Ceará (SPAECE) são os principais mecanismos efetivados para avaliar a Educação Básica no estado. O proposito do presente artigo é questionar como o SAEB e o SPAECE são percebidos pelos professores da Educação Básica e que reverberações tais avaliações acarretam nas suas práticas pedagógicas. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, utilizou como fontes de análise documentos da Secretária de Educação do Ceará e das escolas como Projeto Político Pedagógico e Regimento Escolar e principalmente as narrativas de professores. O estudo mostrou que o SAEB e o SPAECE passaram por várias mudanças em relação às suas denominações, concepções e metodologias, no entanto, percebeu-se que a avaliação sempre foi utilizada pelos governos como forma de controle visando mais eficiência no sistema educacional. As avaliações foram percebidas como fundamental para se chegar à qualidade do ensino, no entanto, nos moldes operacionalizadas no Ceará, serviam como prestação de contas acerca do rendimento dos alunos, no âmbito nacional e estadual, tendo como incentivo um sistema de premiação que lançavam luz às escolas que galgavam os melhores índices.
WAKTU KEDATANGAN PASIEN POST SERANGAN KE INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT DENGAN OUTCOME PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT
Authors: Muhlis Rasdiyanah
Published: May 2023

Keberhasilan tindakan dan peningkatan outcome pada stroke sangat bergantung pada kecepatan pasien dibawa ke instalasi gawat darurat namun sebagian besar pasien stroke iskemik akut datang terlambat ke instalasi gawat darurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan waktu kedatangan pasien post serangan stroke iskemik akut dengan outcome pasien stroke iskemik akut di Rumah Sakit dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie di Kota Ternate. Desain penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie di Kota Ternate, Maluku Utara. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 104 pasien stroke iskemik akut di instalasi gawat darurat yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Spearman rank correlation test dengan tingkat signifikan sebesar α= 0,05. Hasil analisis Spearman rank correlation test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara waktu kedatangan post serangan stroke iskemik akut ke instalasi gawat darurat (p=0,027) dengan outcome pasien stroke iskemik akut dan koefisien korelasi sebesar (r) = 0,217. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara waktu kedatangan post serangan stroke iskemik akut ke instalasi gawat darurat dengan outcome pasien stroke iskemik akut di Rumah Sakit dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie di Kota Ternate.
SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN YANG MENGAKIBATKAN LUKA-LUKA
Authors: Muhtadli
Published: May 2023

This research discusses the Criminal Sanctions for the Crime of Persecution That Causes Injury (Case Study No. 62/ Pid.B/2021/ PN Kbu), In line with the improvement of science and technology in Lampung, economic activities have become more advanced, seen from the aspect of variety or intensity, more developed humans are also capable of carrying out criminal acts. A criminal act is an evil that everything has been determined in the Criminal Code (KUHP). A criminal act is a treatment that is prevented by a prohibition law, followed by threats or punishments in the form of certain crimes, for those who commit the violation. Questions that can be taken from all chapters in this thesis are:

The judge's legal considerations when determining the criminal decision No.62/Pid.B/2021/PN Kbu, namely Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code regarding Persecution and its references are seen from the explanations of witnesses, explanations of the perpetrators and based on the facts that have been seen in the in the trial, and the judge's certainty, so the decision given in the case is imprisonment for 1 (one) year 8 (eight) months, determining the prison time that has been experienced by the suspect, all of which is due to the punishment given, determining that the perpetrator is still in prison. prisoner.
KETERANGAN TERDAKWA SEBAGAI ALAT BUKTI OLEH HAKIM DALAM PERKARA KEALPAAN YANG MENGAKIBATKAN MATINYA ORANG LAIN DIJALAN RAYA
Authors: Irhammudin
Published: May 2023

This Research Is A Descriptive Type Of Empirical Legal Research. The Research Location Is The Kotabumi District Court. The Data Of This Study Include Primary Data And Secondary Data. Primary Data Is The Main Data In This Study. While Secondary Data Is Used To Support Primary Data. Data Collection Techniques Used Are Through Interviews And Library Research In The Form Of Books, Laws And Regulations, Archives, Documents And Others. The Data Analysis Used Qualitative Data Analysis With An Interactive Model. That The Role Of The Defendant's Statement As Evidence By The Kotabumi District Court Judge In Examining And Deciding Cases Of Negligence That Resulted In The Death Of Another Person On The Highway Is That The Defendant's Statement Is Only One Of The Legal Evidence In The Trial And Must Be Supported By Other Evidence With A Minimum Rule Of 2 Pieces Of Evidence, That The Evidence For The Defendant's Statement Is Not Evidence That Has A Binding And Decisive Nature, But Must Be Supported By Other Evidence. The Defendant's Statement Alone Is Not Sufficient To Prove His Guilt Even Though He Has Admitted His Actions, The Defendant's Statement Has Independent Evidentiary Power, Namely That The Judge Can Accept Or Remove It As Evidence By Stating The Reasons.
HAK-HAK TAHANAN DALAM MASA COVID-19 DI RUMAH TAHANAN NEGARA KELAS II B KOTABUMI
Authors: Idran Muhammad , Hadidi Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Indonesia is a country based on law (rechtsstaat). This has a legal consequence that in the Indonesian state, the implementation of state power in a broad sense must and must always be based on law, because that law gives legitimacy as well as provides boundaries that are the authority of the state (government). A suspect who is detained and whose rights are violated can use legal instruments in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in order to obtain legal certainty and a sense of justice for himself, especially in the protection and implementation of the rights of a detained suspect. The spread of the Covid-19 virus (Corona Virus Disease 2019) which occurred from the beginning of 2020 until now has had a major impact on the Correctional Persons, hereinafter referred to as WBP, in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi. So the question arises, How are the rights of prisoners in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi implemented? What efforts can be made by detainees if the implementation of prisoners' rights at the Class II B Kotabumi State Detention Center is not in accordance with the laws and regulations?

The approach method used by the author in this study is a mixed approach, namely normative and empirical. The normative approach is the approach that the author obtained through books and laws and regulations, both those regulated in the Act, the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code and other regulations related to the writing of this thesis. The empirical approach is the approach that the author obtained through the interview process and collecting information through the State Detention Center Class II B Kotabumi.

Based on the results of this study, the authors conclude that the rights of WBP prisoners and temporary detainees have been well fulfilled, such as in the case of the program to reduce prison terms during the Covid-19 pandemic, which has been fulfilled in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. However, it would be better if the correctional officers paid more attention to the rights of prisoners related to the prevention of the Covid-19 virus in accordance with government recommendations and applicable government regulations. Considering that there are quite a number of WBP in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi, so there is a need for additional guidance by supervisory officers for prisoners properly and effectively. The lack of guidance in the detention center occurs because of obstacles, one of which is seen from external factors, namely in the form of a lack of coaching funds, coaching staff, and facilities and infrastructure. So, it would be nice if the existing obstacles can be met so that the coaching can run well.
IMPLEMENTASI PERMA NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENYESUAIAN BATASAN TINDAK PIDANA RINGAN DAN JUMLAH DENDA DALAM KUHP TERHADAP PELAKU PENCURIAN RINGAN
Authors: Kamilatun  , Fadhilah Nisa
Published: May 2023

Tipiring menurut ketentuan KUHP merupakan perbuatan pidana yang dikatagorikan sebagai perbuatan yang tidak berbahaya yaitu perbuatan pidana yang ancaman hukumannya paling lama  3 (tiga) bulan atau denda sebesar Rp. 7.500 (tujuh ribu lima ratus rupiah). Kasus tipiring ini umumnya diselesaikan dengan mengunakan pendekatan restoratif justice di tingkat Kepolisian. Namun pendekatan restorative justice terkadang dinilai kurang memenuhi rasa keadilan, baik korban, keluarga korban dan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu Mahkamah Agung Indonesia mengeluarkan peraturan yang bekenaaan dengan masalah tersebut yaitu Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 02 Tahun 2012 tentang Penyesuaian Batasan Tindak Pidana Ringan dan Jumlah Denda Dalam KUHP. Untuk membatasi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini diperlukan tujuan pendekatan masalah, tujuannya agar penelitian ini semakin terarah dan memudahkan penulis dalam membahasnya. Penelitian ini  menggunakan metode secara normatif, dan metode secara empiris. Keseluruhan yang telah diperoleh dianalisis kembali secara diskriptif kualitatif, diklasifikasikan dan dipisahkan sesuai dengan pokok permasalahannya sehingga dapat ditarik seuatu kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan implementasi hukuman terhadap pelaku tipiring dalam perkara No. 2/Pid.C/2020/PN Kbu bahwa dalam perkara tindak pidana ringan ini pelaksanaan putusannya dilakukan pada hari itu juga hal ini berlaku untuk semua tindak pidana ringan contohnya perkara lalu lintas hal ini untuk menghindari jangan sampai banyaknya kasus yang menumpuk di pengadilan dan putusan perkara ini cukup dicatat dibuku register lalu ditandatangi panitera dan hakim yang memimpin sidang tersebut.
Implementasi Pasal 214 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah Dalam Penunjukan Penjabat Sekretaris Daerah Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Salasiwa Steven Edoward , Riananda Martha , Evendia Malicia
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The acting Regional Secretary of the Moluccas Province is an official appointed to occupy the position of Regional Secretary which is temporary, because the Regional Secretary is still (definitively) unable to carry out his duties so that there is a “vacancy” of the Regional Secretary. Then some media circles think that there is an element of politicization in the appointment of the Acting Secretary. Moluccas Province Regional. However, it was different during an interview with Karsul Selang, S.T., M.T. According to him, the appointment of the acting Regional Secretary by the Governor of Moluccas Province to Sadli Le, S.Hut., M.Si. is the authority of the Governor as referred to in Article 214 of 2014 Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, the appointment is normative because Sadli Le, S.Hut., M.Si. has received a recommendation from the Minister of Home Affairs and the appointment of the Governor of Moluccas Province as the representative of the central government.
PROSES REKONSTRUKSI DALAM UPAYA MENGUNGKAP TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Fadhilah Nisa
Published: May 2023

Pelaksanaan rekonstruksi merupakan langkah awal atau sebagai pemeriksaan pendahuluan bagi pihak kepolisian, dan inisiatif pelaksanaan rekonstruksi ini dilaksanakan oleh penyidik kepolisian untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang tindak pidana yang terjadi. Rekonstruksi diperlukan apabila masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang belum jelas pada saat melakukan penyelidikan, oleh karena itu untuk perlu dilakukan reka ulang kembali bagaimana sesungguhnya peristiwa pidana yang terjadi. Jadi rekonstruksi adalah salah satu metode atau tekhnik pemeriksaan yang dilakukan penyidik dalam proses penyidikan tindak pidana. Pendekatan masalah dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan empiris, pendekatan normatif dengan mengkaji tentang buku-buku, ketentuan perundang-undangan  dan yang berhubunganya dengan masalah yang akan dibahas sedangkan pendekatan masalah secara empiris dilakukan melalui proses wawancara dengan nara sumber pada saat melakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa proses rekonstruksi dalam upaya mengungkap tindak pidana pada Polres Lampung Utara digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kejadian tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh tersangka dan untuk mencocokkan keterangan tersangka dan saksi sehingga tindak pidana tersebut menjadi lebih jelas. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya yaitu hambatan teknis diantaranya tersangka, saksi,  dan masyarakat sedangkan hambatan yuridis diantaranya yaitu saksi yang langsung mengetahui peristiwa pidana tersebut tidak hadir dalam pelaksanaan rekonstruksi. Masyarakat umum yang ingin melihat untuk mengetahui adegan rekonstruksi tersebut sangat ramai dan adanya rekayasa saksi yaitu bukan saksi yang sebenarnya.
Women In Higher Education Leadership Positions in Zimbabwe: Experiences, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Magaisa Evans , Moyo Tasvika , Wilson Engelbert Chamunorwa , Shava George
Published: May 2023

The study set to analyse challenges faced by women in their higher education leadership. Since the beginning of history, women have always been denied equal opportunities in terms of access to leadership opportunities. Research has shown that women have no lesser capabilities in terms of leadership qualities as compared to men. Some authors have even argued that women actually are more critical in the execution of their leadership duties as compared to men. The inequality in access to leadership roles has not left the higher education sector, in Zimbabwe. In this article we argue that women in leadership face multiple challenges in their daily operations. Further, the opportunities that are available for leadership of women in higher education in Zimbabwe are also explored. We conclude that women should be accorded equal opportunities in leadership positions. We also recommend that strategies should be set up for developmental programs for women in leadership positions. Consequently the aim of this systematic review is to assess the challenges faced by women who are holding leadership positions in higher education in higher education. The search is conducted through Scopus and Web of Science data bases yielding several articles that meet the inclusion criteria. The systematic literature review which is based on a qualitative analysis of several articles is based on the following research questions: What if at all are the challenges facing women in leadership? What are the common women leadership styles in higher education? What if at all are the structural, agential and cultural barriers to advancement to leadership positions.
NEUROPSICOPEDAGOGA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Lopes de Freitas Isabel Cristina
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho de pesquisa bibliográfica, bem como, um relato de caso, tem porfinalidade esclarecer pontos importantes sobre a neuropsicopedagogia e como estaárea de conhecimento pode auxiliar no ambiente escolar no atendimento a alunoscom dificuldade de aprendizagem ou com algum tipo de deficiência, que abordamosaqui, a surdez como proposta de estudo. Como referencial teórico, utilizo-me dosconhecimentos de PIAGET e GOTTMAN para as discussões a cerca da neuroeducação no auxilio aos educandos no processo de aprendizagem em sala de aula.
THE PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS - SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ALGERIA MODEL -
Authors: TEBBOUCHE Sabrina
Published: May 2023

The physical dimensions are good indicators of judgments on the effectiveness and quality of educational institutions which make it possible to determine the general context of the educational institution it is an indicator of the teacher’s conditions because of the role you play The school environment whith its aspects The main objective of the educational process is the interaction between these elements and school buildings with all their material and moral aspects, such as: Rooms, ventilation, lighting water cycle, seats, boards, playgrounds and other equipment affect the quality and quantity of education It seems that the quality of school buildings has a significant impact on learning outcomes and school performance, There are references to the importance of building design and structure in the success of pupils in school and its importance (el harbi dif allah;la pacification des Installations scolaires et visites en classe,oum el koura 2004).
ARABIC EQUIVALENTS OF THE ENGLISH MODALITY
Authors: Hussain Fahmi AL-KHAZRAJI Nidaa
Published: May 2023

The paper offers a general overview for the general linguistic category of modality. This is followed by a description of modal forms in Arabic and English by discussing the linguistic resources that each one of the two languages makes use of in the realisation of modal meanings by categorizing their modal markers into homogeneous groups on the basis of their morpho-syntactic properties and type modal marking. The model of analyzing modality in the two languages is that of van der Awera and Plungian (1998). Conclusions are then drawn about the most general characteristics of the modal markers in each language. Finally, the paper is rounded off with a comparative analysis of the points of convergence and divergence in the morpho-syntactic and semantic properties of modal markers of the two languages
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF VLADIMIR PUTIN’S SPEECH ANNOUNCING ‘SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION’ IN UKRAINE
Authors: Naji KADIM Enas
Published: May 2023

In the last years, politics become globally the main activity in life of human beings in order to discuss and negotiate different crises such as the relations between countries, heath crisis, the crisis of the water sources, the diplomatic relations, war announcements and so on by manipulating language which has different types and aims. There many studies which are focused on the political speeches of different presidents and politicians and these studies adopt different theories and models in order to show their ideologies, power, plans and different characteristics. So this study tries to analyse the speech of president Vladimir Putin concerning the crises of Ukraine.It tries to analyse his speech by adopting Van Dijk (1999, 1995, 2004 , 2006) discursive strategies. This study aims to find how Putin manipulated and used these strategies in his speech concerning the crisis in Ukraine.Vladimir Putin is a president of Russia and his country has tense relations with Ukraine from United States of America (USA) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) been strategically planning to extend their territories along the borders between Ukraine and Russia. He tried to state the facts and tell the international community, the citizens of Russia and Ukraine, UAS, and NATO' countries about the lies of the United States. The current study is concerned with the political discourse of President Vladimir Putin concerning the crises of the war with Ukraine.It investigates the structures and the discursive strategies that reveal some aspects of Putin′s political attitudes and ideologies This study is done in three categories which are as follows: the category of meaning, the category of argumentation and the category of rhetoric.
THE LEVEL OF HEALTH AWARENESS AMONG YARMOUK UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARDS IT
Authors: Mustafa ALSHAROA Ayat
Published: May 2023

The current study aims to examine the level of health awareness among Yarmouk University students, as well as to investigate differences in health awareness based on variables (gender and college). To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire consisting of (32) items was administered to a sample of (800) male and female students at Yarmouk University. The findings demonstrated a medium level of general health awareness among the participants, as the percentage of response reached (64.80%). In addition to statistically significant differences in the level of health awareness among students attributed to the college variables in favor of scientific colleges, and the gender variable in favor of female students. The study suggested holding workshops for students to increase their health awareness and enriching university courses with health awareness material, particularly in majors such as sports, health, health education, and public health.
THE EFFECT OF THE EXTERNAL CONTEXT IN TERMS OF SIGNIFICANCE - AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Yassin MUHAMMAD Amal
Published: May 2023

The importance of the external context, and its relationship to the semantic level, which is the relationship in which the external context is an essential factor of access to the meanings and connotations related to any text, words or speech, as we are often viewed by the relationship between the word It is not a natural relationship except in certain cases in which the word has a meaning associated with its sound, and it is a relationship that is affected by the different social and cultural environments. Which explains the multiplicity of languages, and the multiplicity of meanings of one word at the level of one language; The evidence does not stop at the limits of the linguistic context only, but rather goes beyond it to research the circumstances and circumstances that surrounded the discourse (text) and the elements of the environment in which it was raised.
THE ROLE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR AS A MODEL
Authors: Diyaa Aldeen Mohammed AHMEDAI AHMED Mohammed
Published: May 2023

The emergence of nuclear capabilities and technology at the end of World War II and its uses in the field of lethal weapons led to the emergence of new risks at the global level. The actions of the major countries that possess this technology and their dealings with the issue of trading and exchanging this technology with a number of countries wishing to obtain it, whether for peaceful or military purposes, have varied depending on on strategic, bilateral or economic positions. The paper deals with different stances on its topic, the spread of nuclear technology, and different opinions and positions on this subject. It also deals with, for example, the Iranian nuclear program and the international stance towards it, especially the position of the United States of America on it, and some future possibilities and options if Iran continues with this program. The paper also deals with how the nuclear countries provide assistance for nuclear expertise, which is considered a form of international contribution to achieving the proliferation of nuclear weapons. It will also address some countries that are based on the transfer of nuclear expertise and the extent of its impact on the development of international relations and the effects of the proliferation of nuclear weapons. It also deals with hypotheses. On the conditions that provide for the provision of nuclear assistance and then addresses the potential strategy and characteristics of nuclear suppliers and the most important factors determining the provision of nuclear assistance and emphasize the importance of economic motives.
METANARRATIVE REPRESENTATIONS IN THE IRAQI POSTMODERN NOVEL AFTER 2003
Authors: Abbas ABDULLAH Zainab
Published: May 2023

The metanarrative technique is one of the novelistic methods that appeared in the late twentieth century, which relies on "textual overlapping" to achieve the basics of interdependence between the "narrative perspective" and the different "narrative accents" of starting points, manifestation and conclusion. The Iraqi novelist used these techniques in many literary productions, whether before Change in 2003 or after, and the dialogue of creativity and contemporary was present in quantity and quality in the production of the Iraqi novelist. The metanarrative formed focal dimensions that clearly stand out for the writer Hussein Rahim in the novel "The Storyteller's Curse", in which he transformed metanarrative techniques into fortified strategies of protest and revolution against reality, when he melted the traditional distance that separates the reader from the text And transform the reader into a skillful partner in cognitive and intellectual imagination, as he made the reader part of the creative work industry, assuming the availability of a historical and realistic culture in building the event. The events of the novel take place in an environment in which reality mixes with imagination, and contradiction is injected into the journey of the characters of the novel in a skillful manner. Along with the realistic narration of the event, although this technique was not used by the narrator to escape from the determinants of reality, but rather used it to erase the distance between reality and imagination. Meditation was one of the most important forms of fictional discourse, by transforming the fictional act from direct transmission to a method of participation in making the event. This difficult method is one of the achievements of the novelist Hussein Rahim, and he is credited with analyzing the fictional text of the novel "The Storyteller's Curse".
THE IMPORTANCE OF VALUES IN THE ALGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: BADANI Houria
Published: May 2023

Values have been included at three levels in the recent reforms of the Algerian education system (2003): the philosophy that is the basis of this reform and its main objectives, the targeted values, as well as the values education strategies. Determining the precise place of values in these reforms, allows a better understanding of the phenomenon of values education in educational institutions, as well as its practices. It can also be a tool for further evaluation and reconstruction of the reform. The targeted values are identity and universal. Values education curricula combined the hidden curriculum with the direct approach. Nevertheless, a set of gaps has been identified, the most important of which is the lack of a clear and progressive value system in the early school years, and the lack of a specific value plan defined by operational schedules. Also, the lack of training of trainers on how to carry out values education and train them on its stages and strategies.
ALGERIAN FOOD CHALLENGES UNDER THE EURO-ALGERIAN PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT WHEAT, POTATOES, OLIVES AS A MODEL
Authors: HADJI Fatima
Published: May 2023

Algeria has taken many measures and reforms to advance the economic sectors, especially the agricultural sector, It also signed an association agreement with the European Union to benefit from the advantages and facilities provided by it, as it is one of the largest economic countries. This study aims to highlight the most important challenges facing the Algerian food, specifically wheat, in light of this agreement, especially that this partnership has sparked widespread controversy in the field of the agricultural sector, This is what makes Algeria dependent on the European market, especially in the wheat product. This paper also shows Algeria's strategy to solve the problem of lack of self-sufficiency in wheat, especially with the increase in the population and the decline in production.
MANIFESTATION OF THANATOS IN EDWARD BOND’S SAVED
Authors: A. S. ROSHEED Mostafa , H. UBEID Ahmed
Published: May 2023

In the post-Freudian thought, the two driving forces of human beings are Eros and Thanatos. They are the pleasure principle and death drive, respectively. The derivative terminology of these two forces is originated in Greek mythology with Eros as the god of pleasure and Thanatos, on the other hand, as the personification of death. For a long time, the latter force was eliminated off-stage due to theatrical existential reasons. However, one of the few successful attempts to force Thanatos on-stage is detected in Edward Bond‘s Saved (1968). This paper approaches Bond‘s Saved (1968) aiming to show the poeticity in the Shklovskian defamiliarizing entries that forced the theatrical censorship into accepting the play despite the fact that the play promptly violated the censorship regulations. With these entries, the stage—once again—addresses human feelings while reshaping the Eros-oriented theatre. The result is residing tension in the audience after realizing the unexplored possibilities of the Thanatos-oriented stage and a consequent undoing of the prior anchorage of metaphor into a floating concept that involves the redefinition attempts into same-but-different perspective. The findings of the paper implicate that the employment of irregular techniques makes it possible to challenge people into the recognition of corruption by being charged with the responsibility of taking action concerning paratextual contexts through nondidactic plays.
Assess the Attitude of Post Rn 2nd Year and 4th Year Bsn Students Towards Research Study in Two Private Nursing Colleges of Lahore
Authors: Mansha Sanam , Zafar Misbah , Farooq Zambeel
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to assess the attitudes of student nurses towards research study. The study will help the students to have positive look towards research which will help them to develop a positive attitude towards research in order to maintain evidence-based practice in Nursing.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was selected and 153 students have been selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique out of the 250 students. Sample size was calculated by using the Sloven’s Formula. The questionnaire was consisted of 27 items and developed on five-point Likert scale. The key questionnaire is given below Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Uncertain, Agree, and Strongly Agree.  The data was analyzed on SPSS software version 20.0 and by using frequency distribution table showing the responses of the respondents and analyzed in percentage. The collected data was also presented in pie charts and bar charts.

Results: The results were calculated after collecting data. The overall cumulative mean score was 69.29% resulting in an overall individual mean of 3.4% indicating a degree of positive attitudes toward research. In conclusion it was found that BScN and Post RN nursing students have good awareness about the Knowledge of nursing research and have positive attitude toward research.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommended as: I. Improve the professional behavior of nursing students through the conduct of training programs and make them aware of nursing research. II. Nursing students must be encouraged to begin their career by understanding the importance of nursing research in patient care. III. The organization and authorities must do some strategies to indulge nurses in implementing evidence-based nursing practices. IV. Education should be provided to the students of schools and college about the research and its utilization.
Nyerere’s Socialism and African Politics in Relation to Development
Authors: Waitherero Simon Njuguna
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses the Ujamaa philosophy and what it advocated as fostered by Julius Nyerere. The work relates the Ujamaa philosophy with socialism and how the combination of the two can be applied in advancing the African political leadership. The paper further exemplifies on the hindrances of application of Ujamaa and suggests ways through which the philosophy can be advanced.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
Authors: Bharti Urmila , Verma Manisha
Published: May 2023

The setting up of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana and MUDRA attempted to fill or reduce the financial crisis in the micro enterprises to stimulate economic development. MUDRA has been aimed at administering a common platform to both banks and tiny enterprises customers and plays a significant role by bringing them together to this platform. It has been set up as a refinancing institution. Its main goal is to provide mudra loans up to Rs 10,00,000 to the micro enterprises through last mile financiers, so that they can start or expand their businesses. Its primary goal is to refinance various last-mile financial institutions that support the growth of small businesses in the non-corporate sector by lending money to them. These last mile financial institutions include NBFCs, Regional Rural Banks, Commercial Banks, Small Finance Banks, and MFIs. These institutions provide funds to the small business sector which is involved in manufacturing, trading, and Agri-allied activities. The borrower can approach to any of financial institution to get the benefit of mudra loans and to serve the purpose of their existence.

Mudra scheme helps millions of small borrowers who were facing the acute financial shortage due to numerous reasons and were striving hard to get the financial assistance for starting or expanding their business activities. In this study, an effort has been made to use statistical methods like mean, coefficient of variation, and trend analysis to examine the category-wise performance of various mudra loans during a six-year period, from 2016–17 to 2021–22. The analysis is based on secondary information that was obtained from the MUDRA official website. The interpretation of the figures for the study period indicates that among the three main categories of Mudra Loans, Shishu Loan Scheme has captured the largest share in terms of number of accounts as well as in terms of amount sanctioned followed by Kishore and Tarun Loans. Since its origin, over a period of seven years of operations i.e., from 2015-16 to 2021-22, PMMY has benefitted in aggregate approximately 34.92 crore loan account holders of micro enterprise segment by administering an aggregate amount of 18.90 crore.
Ciencia y educación en el siglo XXI: reflexiones sobre instituciones modernas en contextos posmodernos
Authors: Lencina Rocío , Oliván Augusto Santiago , Castiglia Giuliana
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo nos proponemos reflexionar acerca de los procesos de vinculación entre la ciencia y la educación insertos en un contexto de cambios socioculturales ocurridas durante el siglo XXI. Para ello, tendremos en cuenta las transformaciones socioculturales acontecidas, puesto que tanto la producción de conocimiento científico como las instituciones escolares están atravesadas por la crisis del paradigma moderno y el avance de la posmodernidad. En este sentido, tomaremos como referente al desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en un caso particular de la ciudad de Olavarría, provincia de Buenos Aires. Se trata del proyecto de extensión universitaria denominado: “Arqueología, TICx y Educación Secundaria. Aplicación de una herramienta informática-virtual para Ciencias Sociales en la Educación Secundaria”, el cual responde a una serie de demandas e intereses concretos planteados por un grupo de docentes del primer año del Nivel Secundario. Particularmente, focalizamos en las potencialidades que brinda el trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinar e interinstitucional desde metodologías participativas.
Capacidades de la ingeniería nacional y tomadores de decisiones: la construcción de la represa hidroeléctrica en Rincón del Bonete, Uruguay 1904-1945
Authors: Waiter Andrea
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio hace foco en la historia de la construcción de la primera represa de generación de energía hidroeléctrica uruguaya de abastecimiento público, Represa Rincón del Bonete, inaugurada en diciembre de 1945. El período de estudio comienza en 1904, año en que se realiza la primera propuesta para el aprovechamiento del Río Negro para la generación de energía eléctrica y culmina en 1945, año en que se pone en funcionamiento la primera turbina en la unidad 2 de la Represa. En el tiempo transcurrido entre ambos extremos existieron diferentes configuraciones político-institucionales que, entendemos, pueden dar cuenta de una demora de más de cuarenta años entre que se planteó la idea sobre el aprovechamiento del Río Negro para la hidroelectricidad y su materialización. Este trabajo pretende profundizar en cada una de dichas configuraciones desde una perspectiva sistémica donde los vínculos y relaciones entre ingenieros y gobierno cobran especial importancia. El proceso de construcción de la Represa es analizado bajo la lupa de las relaciones entre ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTI) y su incorporación a la producción del Uruguay de la primera mitad del siglo XX.
Gobernanza en el Sistema Público de Investigación. La investigación científica en el CONICET entre 1973-1989. de la Argentina.
Authors: Svampa Fernando
Published: May 2023

El interés del artículo es debatir la gobernanza en la investigación científica durante el período 1973-1989 en el Sistema Público de Investigación (SPI), tomando al Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) de la Argentina como estudio de caso. El texto intenta responder a la siguiente pregunta, ¿qué cambios en la gobernanza influyeron en la autoridad relativa de los diversos actores dentro del CONICET entre 1973-1989? Se concluye que la gobernanza interna del Consejo en la década del ochenta se caracterizó por un esquema de cooperación entre diversos actores que según la posición que ocupaban en la estructura interna de la institución simpatizaban con rasgos culturales específicos. Así, la gestión del CONICET en los ochenta tuvo un marco ético democrático y pluralista, con el objetivo de reconstruir una institución que igualara las oportunidades de acceso a una amplia mayoría de investigadores del SPI. El abordaje teórico aquí propuesto apunta a generar herramientas metodológicas que permitan analizar la gobernanza en los Sistemas Públicos de Investigación y el rol de los Consejos de Investigaciones, y discutir a nivel micro social, los cambios en la autoridad relativa y la autonomía de los actores en las instituciones e instrumentos de política científica.
Gap de gênero na ciência em tempos de COVID-19: um panorama do Brasil
Authors: Tait Marcia Maria , Feltrin Rebeca , Souza Gedalva
Published: May 2023

No Brasil, embora as mulheres sejam maioria nos cursos de pós-graduação, ainda enfrentam dificuldades de se manterem e de ascenderem nas carreiras acadêmicas. O androcentrismo das universidades, o ambiente extremamente competitivo, somado à sobrecarga de trabalhos domésticos e de cuidados tradicionalmente impostos às mulheres, faz com que elas sejam penalizadas nessas carreiras. No período da pandemia de covid-19, onde as pesquisadoras estão trabalhando remotamente, essas dificuldades ficaram mais evidentes, se traduzindo em diminuição de produção e ampliando as desigualdades de gênero na academia. A proposta do artigo é discutir os desafios enfrentados pelas pesquisadoras em meio à pandemia e as potencialidades, trazidas pela crise, de mudança na lógica de trabalho desigual na academia. Neste sentido, o referencial teórico-metodológico adotado foi ancorado nas abordagens dos estudos feministas sobre as desigualdades de gênero na sociedade e na ciência. Após uma contextualização da desigualdade de gênero no Brasil atual, incluindo o contexto acadêmico, discutiu-se sobre como a reestruturação do trabalho acadêmico em tempos de pandemia tem impactado de forma distinta as pesquisadoras, especialmente aquelas que são mães. O artigo termina com reflexões sobre as potencialidades da crise em promover a ruptura com o paradigma atual, excludente e produtivista, de produção do conhecimento.
Tecnologías estratégicas para países en desarrollo. Diseño y producción de embarcaciones en Argentina: el buque-escuela ARA Libertad (1953-1963)
Authors: Cáceres Yamila , Picabea Facundo
Published: May 2023

Hacia 1950, en Argentina tuvo lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico liderado por el Estado, cuyo objetivo era promover la diversificación de la estructura tecno-productiva en favor del desarrollo industrial. En ese escenario, Astilleros y Fábricas Navales del Estado (AFNE), una empresa pública protagonizó una experiencia exitosa de producción de grandes buques militares y mercantes en un país periférico.
La experiencia de AFNE implicó procesos de aprendizajes que favorecieron la generación de conocimientos y capacidades tecno-productivas endógenas a nivel de la empresa, del sector y del ámbito político. El análisis del artefacto, ARA Libertad, posibilitó observar a nivel micro las negociaciones de sentido y estrategias de acción de los grupos sociales intervinientes, vinculados al nivel macro del modelo de acumulación.