bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurements of cadmium levels in relation to tobacco dependence and as a function of cytisine administration
Authors: Wróblewski Karol , Wojnicka Julia , Tutka Piotr , Szmagara Agnieszka , Błażewicz Anna
Published: January 2024

Cigarette smoking delivers a number of heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), into the body. Bioaccumulation may result in an increase in pathological consequences over time. The assessment of changes in serum Cd concentrations during the treatment of cigarette dependence with cytisine was performed for the first time. Parameters assessing smoking habits, strength of addiction, and effectiveness of therapy were analyzed. Cd was determined before, during, and after the end of treatment. The serum Cd levels were significantly higher in the smokers than in the nonsmokers. Significant differences in Cd concentrations between sampling times in smokers were observed. Individuals who stopped smoking had significantly lower Cd concentrations compared to baseline. A significant positive correlation between the serum Cd before treatment and smoking urges was also obtained. Additionally, salivary Cd determinations were performed before treatment to evaluate the use of this method to assess cigarette addiction. Our findings indicate that Cd can be used as a biomarker of smoking addiction, and provide an alternative assessment of tobacco smoke exposure to other methods. The results provide new knowledge related to Cd concentrations in human body fluids and may play a role in monitoring and assessing the efficacy of cytisine for smoking cessation.
Exact solutions of the (3+1)-generalized fractional nonlinear wave equation with gas bubbles
Authors: Seadawy Aly R. , Ali Asghar , Altalbe Ali , Bekir Ahmet
Published: January 2024

In this manuscript, we implement the travelling wave solutions of the fractional (3+1) generalized computational nonlinear wave equation with gas bubbles via application of five mathematical methods. Liquids with gas bubbles primarily arise in various applications like science, engineering, and mathematical physics. The obtained solitary waves solutions have fruitful applications in engineering, science, life, nature and physics. Several novel soliton solutions of concerned model are established in the form of hyperbolic, trigonometric, exponential and rational functions. To handle all calculations and verification of obtained results, computational software Mathematica 12.1 is used. For the demonstration of the physical behaviour of concern model, some solutions are plotted graphical in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional by imparting specific values to the parameters under constrain conditions. Finally, we intrigue both two and three dimensional to explain the physical behavior of the model.
Trichoderma afroharzianum TRI07 metabolites inhibit Alternaria alternata growth and induce tomato defense-related enzymes
Authors: Philip Bassant , Behiry Said I. , Salem Mohamed Z. M. , Amer Mostafa A. , El-Samra Ibrahim A. , Abdelkhalek Ahmed , Heflish Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Identifying a viable substitute for the limited array of current antifungal agents stands as a crucial objective in modern agriculture. Consequently, extensive worldwide research has been undertaken to unveil eco-friendly and effective agents capable of controlling pathogens resistant to the presently employed fungicides. This study explores the efficacy of Trichoderma isolates in combating tomato leaf spot disease, primarily caused by Alternaria alternata. The identified pathogen, A. alternata Alt3, was isolated and confirmed through the ITS region (OQ888806). Six Trichoderma isolates were assessed for their ability to inhibit Alt3 hyphal growth using dual culture, ethyl acetate extract, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) techniques. The most promising biocontrol isolate was identified as T. afroharzianum isolate TRI07 based on three markers: ITS region (OQ820171), translation elongation factor alpha 1 gene (OR125580), and RNA polymerase II subunit gene (OR125581). The ethyl acetate extract of TRI07 isolate was subjected to GC–MS analysis, revealing spathulenol, triacetin, and aspartame as the main compounds, with percentages of 28.90, 14.03, and 12.97%, respectively. Analysis of TRI07-VOCs by solid-phase microextraction technique indicated that the most abundant compounds included ethanol, hydroperoxide, 1-methylhexyl, and 1-octen-3-one. When TRI07 interacted with Alt3, 34 compounds were identified, with major components including 1-octen-3-one, ethanol, and hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. In greenhouse experiment, the treatment of TRI07 48 h before inoculation with A. alternata (A3 treatment) resulted in a reduction in disease severity (16.66%) and incidence (44.44%). Furthermore, A3 treatment led to improved tomato growth performance parameters and increased chlorophyll content. After 21 days post-inoculation, A3 treatment was associated with increased production of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD, and PPO), while infected tomato plants exhibited elevated levels of oxidative stress markers MDA and H2O2. HPLC analysis of tomato leaf extracts from A3 treatment revealed higher levels of phenolic acids such as gallic, chlorogenic, caffeic, syringic, and coumaric acids, as well as flavonoid compounds including catechin, rutin, and vanillin. The novelty lies in bridging the gap between strain-specific attributes and practical application, enhancing the understanding of TRI07’s potential for integrated pest management. This study concludes that TRI07 isolate presents potential natural compounds with biological activity, effectively controlling tomato leaf spot disease and promoting tomato plant growth. The findings have practical implications for agriculture, suggesting a sustainable biocontrol strategy that can enhance crop resilience and contribute to integrated pest management practices.
The temporal progression of retinal degeneration and early-stage idebenone treatment in the Pde6brd1/rd1 mouse model of retinal dystrophy
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Wei , Wang Hai-Yan , Qiang Wei , Wang Ru , Cui Zhi-Li , Zhang Zuo-Ming
Published: January 2024

Photoreceptor cell death, primarily through apoptosis, related to retinal disorders like retinitis pigmentosa (RP), would result in vision loss. The pathological processes and crucial mutant conditions preceding photoreceptor cell demise are not well understood. This study aims to conduct an in-depth examination of early-stage changes in the widely utilized Pde6brd1/rd1 (rd1) mouse model, which has Pde6b gene mutations representing autosomal recessive RP disorder. We investigated the morphology and ultrastructure of retinal cells, including second-order neurons, during the initial phase of disease progression. Our findings revealed that mitochondrial alterations in rod photoreceptors were present as a predeath mutant state as early as postnatal day 3 (P3). The bipolar and horizontal cells from the rd1 mouse retina exhibited significant morphological changes in response to loss of photoreceptor cells, indicating that second-order neurons rely on these cells for their structures. Subsequent oral administration of idebenone, a mitochondria-protective agent, enhanced retinal function and promoted both photoreceptor cell survival and inner retinal second-order synaptogenesis in rd1 mice at P14. Our findings offer a mechanistic framework, suggesting that mitochondrial damage acts as an early driver for photoreceptor cell death in retinal degeneration.
FPGA-based CCD signal acquisition and transmission system design
Authors: Peng Xuxiang , Tang Yun , Li Jingfeng , Zou Penghui , Liao Ping , Yan Jiatao , Shen Meng , Zhou Ling
Published: January 2024

In order to facilitate the analysis and processing of optical signals, an FPGA-based CCD signal acquisition and data transmission system is designed in this work. The system uses an FPGA as the main control device, the TCD1304DG/AP chip as the optical signal detector, and the CYUSB3KIT-003 development board product by Cypress for data transmission. Verilog and Python languages are employed for modular design and on-board verification. Through the coordination of each module, the system successfully achieves CCD signal data acquisition and transmission.
Dieback and dredge soils of Phragmites australis in the Mississippi River Delta negatively impact plant biomass
Authors: Lee Herie , Diaz Rodrigo , Cronin James T.
Published: January 2024

Phragmites australis is exhibiting extensive dieback in the Lower Mississippi River Delta (MRD). We explored the potential for restoration of these marshes by (1) characterizing the chemical profiles of soils collected from healthy and dieback stands of P. australis and from sites recently created from dredge-disposal soils that were expected to be colonized by P. australis and (2) experimentally testing the effects of these soil types on the growth of three common P. australis lineages, Delta, Gulf and European. Soil chemical properties included Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn, % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and pH. Dieback soils were characterized by higher % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and higher S and Fe concentrations, whereas healthy soils had higher Cu, Al, P and Zn. In comparison, dredge sites were low in nutrients and organic matter compared to healthy soils. Rhizomes of each P. australis lineage were planted in each soil type in a common garden and greenhouse and allowed to grow for five months. Aboveground biomass was 16% lower in dieback and 44% lower in dredge soils than in healthy soils. However, we could detect no significant differences in response to soil types among lineages. Although dredge and dieback sites are not optimal for P. australis growth, plants can thrive on these soils, and we recommend restorative measures be initiated as soon as possible to minimize soil erosion.
Wound healing and photoprotection properties of Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. extracts standardized in verbascoside
Authors: Kanlayavattanakul Mayuree , Khongkow Mattaka , Lourith Nattaya
Published: January 2024

Acanthus spp. have been documented in traditional Thai herbal medicine and are applicable for the treatment of inflamed skin with wound healing property. Nonetheless, the scientific evidence necessary to prove the herb’s doctrine has not yet been revealed. Verbascoside-rich extracts of the herbal medicine A. ebracteatus Vahl., were therefore prepared. The extracts and verbascoside were examined for their wound healing abilities using a scratch assay with fibroblasts. The anti-inflammatory effect suppressing MMP-9 was assessed in cocultures of keratinocyte (HaCaT cells) and fibroblasts. The extracts significantly improved wound healing compared with the control (p < 0.001). The wound healing effect of the extracts significantly (p < 0.01) increased with increasing verbascoside content. It should be noted that the extract was significantly (p < 0.05) better than verbascoside at the same test concentration. The extracts were capable of protecting cocultures of HaCaT cells and fibroblasts from photodamage. The extracts significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed cellular MMP-9 secretion following UV exposure, showing a better effect than that of verbascoside (p < 0.01). A. ebracteatus extract is promising for wound healing and photoprotection, and a prominent source of verbascoside. Verbascoside-rich A. ebracteatus could be utilized for the development of innovative skin-care products.
Monitoring to detect changes in water quality to meet policy objectives
Authors: McDowell R. W. , Noble A. , Kittridge M. , Ausseil O. , Doscher C. , Hamilton D. P.
Published: January 2024

Detecting change in water quality is key to providing evidence of progress towards meeting water quality objectives. A key measure for detecting change is statistical power. Here we calculate statistical power for all regularly (monthly) monitored streams in New Zealand to test the effectiveness of monitoring for policy that aims to decrease contaminant (phosphorus and nitrogen species, E. coli and visual clarity) concentrations to threshold levels in 5 or 20 years. While > 95% of all monitored sites had sufficient power and samples to detect change in nutrients and clarity over 20 years, on average, sampling frequency would have to double to detect changes in E. coli. Furthermore, to detect changes in 5 years, sampling for clarity, dissolved reactive phosphorus and E. coli would have to increase up to fivefold. The cost of sampling was predicted to increase 5.3 and 4.1 times for 5 and 20 years, respectively. A national model of statistical power was used to demonstrate that a similar number of samples (and cost) would be required for any new monitoring sites. Our work suggests that demonstrating the outcomes of implementing policy for water quality improvement may not occur without a step change in investment into monitoring systems. Emerging sampling technologies have potential to reduce the cost, but existing monitoring networks may also have to be rationalised to provide evidence that water quality is meeting objectives. Our study has important implications for investment decisions involving balancing the need for intensively sampled sites where changes in water quality occur rapidly versus other sites which provide long-term time series.
Destabilization of spin-Peierls phase via a charge-spin modulated Floquet state induced by intramolecular vibrational excitation
Authors: Sakai Daiki , Yamakawa Takashi , Ueda Hajime , Ikeda Ryohei , Miyamoto Tatsuya , Okamoto Hiroshi
Published: January 2024

The electronic state control using a periodic light field is one of the central subjects in photophysics. In molecular solids, intramolecular vibrations sometimes couple to intermolecular electron transfer, thus modulating electron and spin densities of each molecule. Here, we show that in a quasi-one-dimensional molecular solid K-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) in which TCNQ molecules are dimerized by the spin-Peierls mechanism, an intramolecular vibrational excitation with a phase-locked mid-infrared pulse induces a charge-spin modulated Floquet state, which destabilizes the spin-Peierls phase. By detecting reflectivity changes of the intramolecular transition band along the mid-infrared electric field with 6.6-fs probe pulses, we detected high-frequency oscillations reflecting electron- and spin-density modulations synchronized with intramolecular vibrations. More significantly, we observed an oscillation of ~110 cm−1 due to a dimeric mode driven by a decrease in spin-Peierls dimerization. This dimerization reduction was confirmed by measuring transient reflectivity changes of the Mott-gap transition band. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of intramolecular vibrational excitation as a method for Floquet engineering in molecular solids.
An error correction strategy for image reconstruction by DNA sequencing microscopy
Authors: Kloosterman Alexander , Baars Igor , Högberg Björn
Published: January 2024

By pairing adjacent molecules in situ and then mapping these pairs, DNA microscopy could substantially reduce the workload in spatial omics methods by directly inferring geometry from sequencing data alone. However, experimental artifacts can lead to errors in the adjacency data, which distort the spatial reconstruction. Here we describe a method to correct two such errors: spurious crosslinks formed between any two nodes, and fused nodes that are formed out of multiple molecules. We build on the principle that spatially close molecules should be connected and show that these errors violate this principle, allowing for their detection and correction. Our method corrects errors in simulated data, even in the presence of up to 20% errors, and proves to be more efficient at removing errors from experimental data than a read count filter. Integrating this method in DNA microscopy will substantially improve the accuracy of spatial reconstructions with lower data loss.
Loneliness and suicide mitigation for students using GPT3-enabled chatbots
Authors: Maples Bethanie , Cerit Merve , Vishwanath Aditya , Pea Roy
Published: January 2024

Mental health is a crisis for learners globally, and digital support is increasingly seen as a critical resource. Concurrently, Intelligent Social Agents receive exponentially more engagement than other conversational systems, but their use in digital therapy provision is nascent. A survey of 1006 student users of the Intelligent Social Agent, Replika, investigated participants’ loneliness, perceived social support, use patterns, and beliefs about Replika. We found participants were more lonely than typical student populations but still perceived high social support. Many used Replika in multiple, overlapping ways—as a friend, a therapist, and an intellectual mirror. Many also held overlapping and often conflicting beliefs about Replika—calling it a machine, an intelligence, and a human. Critically, 3% reported that Replika halted their suicidal ideation. A comparative analysis of this group with the wider participant population is provided.
Considerations for dual barrel electrode fabrication and experimentation
Authors: Krushinski Lynn E. , Kauffmann Philip J. , Wang Amber K. , Dick Jeffrey E.
Published: January 2024

New electrochemical probes offer the opportunity to investigate new systems. In this work, we provide a guide for how to fabricate dual barrel, Pt disk electrodes. We include data and procedures for characterizing and troubleshooting the electrodes.
Amine-functionalized bifunctional CoIII-NHC complexes: highly effective phosphine-free catalysts for the α-alkylation of nitriles
Authors: Boity Biswaranjan , Sidiqque Misba , Rit Arnab
Published: January 2024

Robust bifunctional CoIII –complexes featuring amine-functionalized NHC ligands have been developed as highly effective catalysts for the nitrile α-alkylation with diverse alcohols, spanning from aliphatic to aromatic including the secondary ones.
Room-temperature endogenous lubricant-infused slippery surfaces by evaporation induced phase separation
Authors: Yang Hao-Cheng , Yuan Hai-Yuan , Wu Zhen-Wei , Xu Zhi-Kang
Published: January 2024

Endogenous slippery lubricant-infused porous surfaces with excellent anti-icing properties are fabricated by one-step evaporation-induced phase separation.
Capacitance-soaring phenomenon induced by CuO electrode reconstruction with metastable Cu(OH)2 nanowires
Authors: Bai Jie , Yang Zhenhuai , Wang Qiang
Published: January 2024

A capacitance-soaring phenomenon induced by CuO electrode reconstruction with metastable Cu(OH)2 nanowires after 10 000 charge and discharge cycles.
Liquid-crystalline circularly polarised fluorescent emitters with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor
Authors: Lai Xiaoyi , Zhong Qihang , Xiao Chen , Cowling Stephen J. , Duan Pengfei , Bruce Duncan W. , Zhu Weiguo , Wang Yafei
Published: January 2024

Chiral liquid-crystalline emitters based on 9,9-dimethyl-10-(4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl)-9,10-dihydroacridine and binaphthol show smectic mesophases and circularly polarised blue fluorescence with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor |glum| of 0.13.
An active controllable wide-angle and ultra-wideband terahertz absorber/reflector based on VO2 metamaterial
Authors: Zhang Yanyu , Hou Bin , Yang Yongjia , Song Qianju , Yi Zao , Zhou Zigang
Published: January 2024

A polarization-independent, functionally adjustable terahertz wide-angle and ultra-broadband absorber based on a vanadium dioxide metamaterial was designed.
SAXS unveils porous anodes for potassium-ion batteries: dynamic evolution of pore structures in Fe@Fe2O3/PCNFs composite nanofibers
Authors: Shao Ruiqi , Dong Yingjie , Wu Qingqing , Shi Haiting , Bao Jinxi , Tian Feng , Li Tianyu , Xu Zhiwei
Published: January 2024

Fe2O3 nanofibers with porous structure were prepared by electrospinning technique. The introduction of iron into Fe2O3 porous carbon nanofibers can be beneficial to the formation of three-dimensional conductive networks.
Giant tridimensional power responses in a T-shaped magneto–mechano–electric energy harvester
Authors: Yu Zhonghui , Yang Jikun , Xu Lei , Chang Jianglei , Li Zhanmiao , Yuan Xiaoting , Dong Shuxiang
Published: January 2024

We present a T-shaped MME-EH that enables collaborative twisting or bending operation modes for tridimensional responses. The device produces a peak–peak output power of 98.5 mW at 60 Hz, which is 262% higher than the state-of-the-art results.
Novel kokumi peptides from yeast extract and their taste mechanism via an in silico study
Authors: Lao Haofeng , Chang Jincui , Zhuang Haining , Song Shiqing , Sun Min , Yao Lingyun , Wang Huatian , Liu Qian , Xiong Jian , Li Pei , Yu Chuang , Feng Tao
Published: January 2024

We screened and validated peptides IQGFK and EDFFVR, confirming their kokumi properties through sensory evaluation and electronic tongue analysis. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between kokumi peptides and the CaSR receptor.
Intestinal toxicity alleviation and efficacy potentiation through therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus paracasei GY-1 in the treatment of gout flares with colchicine
Authors: Zeng Jiaqi , Li Yan , Zou Yizhi , Yang Ying , Yang Tingting , Zhou Yizhuang
Published: January 2024

The therapeutic administration of Lactobacillus paracasei GY-1 attenuates the physical, behaviral, and intestinal toxicity of colchicine, and enhances the therapeutic effect for gout flares when combined with colchicine.
Spectral enhancement and quantitative accuracy improvement of trace metal elements in aqueous solutions using electrostatic-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Ju Peijin , Gao Xun , Yu Hailong , Wang Qiuyun , Dou Yinping , Lin Jingquan
Published: January 2024

This paper introduced electrostatic-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to enhance spectral intensity and improve the quantitative accuracy of trace metal elements (Cu, Al, Zn, Ca and Na) in aqueous solutions.
First-principles calculations of inorganic metallocene nanowires
Authors: Ji Yangqi , Lv Haifeng , Wu Xiaojun
Published: January 2024

Inorganic metallocene nanowires, MP4 (M = Sc, Ti, Cr and Fe) in configurations of either regular quadrangular prism (Q-type) or anticube (A-type), are reported and show their potential application in nanospintronics.
The chimera of 2D- and 1D-graphene magnetization by hydrogenation or fluorination: critically revisiting old schemes and proposing new ones by ab initio methods
Authors: Albino Andrea , Buonocore Francesco , Celino Massimo , Totti Federico
Published: January 2024

Graphane islands embedded in graphene matrix can lead to sizable magnetic moment with a strong potential for future spintronics applications.
Ba5Y12Zn[O(SiO4)]8: a novel non-centrosymmetric silicate with a short ultraviolet cut-off edge featuring [ZnSi4O16] and [SiO4] units
Authors: Ababaikeri Aihaimaitijiang , Pan Xueting , Tuniyazi Gulimeikereyi , Jiang Xiangzhan , Zhang Yanhui , Malik Dilnur
Published: January 2024

A new silicate Ba5Y12Zn[O(SiO4)]8 was synthesized by a high-temperature solution method and experimental results show a short cut-off edge of 204 nm, an SHG response (0.3 × KDP), and thermal stability. Meanwhile, the effect of the nM : nSi ratio on the Si–O framework was studied.
Recent advances in metal–organic frameworks for stimuli-responsive drug delivery
Authors: Xing Fei , Xu Jiawei , Zhou Yuxi , Yu Peiyun , Zhe Man , Xiang Zhou , Duan Xin , Ritz Ulrike
Published: January 2024

Metal-organic frameworks have become promising stimuli-responsive agents to release the loaded therapeutic agents in the target site to achieve more precise drug delivery due to their high drug loading, excellent biocompatibility, and high stimuli-responsiveness.
Nano-PROTACs: state of the art and perspectives
Authors: Zhong Jie , Zhao Ruiqi , Wang Yuji , Su Yu-xiong , Lan Xinmiao
Published: January 2024

Schematic illustration of the combinational strategy of nanotechnology and PROTACs (Nano-PROTACs): the typical shortcomings of traditional PROTACs and the nanotechnology-based strategies for PROTAC drugs optimization.
Atomic-scale stress modulation of nanolaminate for micro-LED encapsulation
Authors: Wen Di , Hu Jiacheng , Yuan Ruige , Li Wang , Cao Kun , Chen Rong
Published: January 2024

A stress-modulation strategy combines PEALD SiO2 (compressive stress) and thermal ALD Al2O3 (tensile stress) to achieve near-zero stress SiO2/Al2O3 nanolaminates, enhancing barrier properties and optical transparency for encapsulated micro-LEDs.
Investigation of the structure and dielectric properties of doped barium titanates
Authors: Salem Mohamed M. , Darwish Moustafa A. , Altarawneh Aseel M. , Alibwaini Yamen A. , Ghazy Ryad , Hemeda Osama M. , Zhou Di , Trukhanova Ekaterina L. , Trukhanov Alex V. , Trukhanov Sergei V. , Mostafa Maha
Published: January 2024

This work examined the influence of zirconium concentration on barium titanate (BZT) BaZrxTi1−xO3, with (x = 0, 0.15, 0.50, 0.75, and 1), produced by the tartrate precursor technique.
Functional electrospun nanofibers: fabrication, properties, and applications in wound-healing process
Authors: Zheng Qianlan , Xi Yuewei , Weng Yunxuan
Published: January 2024

Electrostatic spinning as a technique for producing nanoscale fibers has recently attracted increasing attention due to its simplicity, versatility, and loadability.
Facile synthesis of sulphur-doped carbon dots (S-CDs) using a hydrothermal method for the selective sensing of Cr6+ and Fe3+ ions: application to environmental water sample analysis
Authors: Kolekar Akanksha G. , Pawar Samadhan P. , Gunjal Dattatray B. , Nille Omkar S. , Anbhule Prashant V. , Koparde Sneha V. , Nguyen Ngoc Quang , Sohn Daewon , Kolekar Govind B. , Gokavi Gavisiddappa S. , More Vishalkumar R.
Published: January 2024

In this work, we used a one-step hydrothermal method to synthesize blue-emission sulfur-doped carbon dots (S-CDs) using jaggery as a carbon precursor for the sensing of Cr6+ and Fe3+ ions.
Synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite using emulsion, pyrolysis, combustion, and sonochemical methods and biogenic sources: a review
Authors: Alam Md. Kawcher , Sahadat Hossain Md. , Kawsar Md. , Bahadur Newaz Mohammed , Ahmed Samina
Published: January 2024

Different synthesis methods (emulsion, pyrolysis, combustion, and sonochemical) of calcium phosphates and exploration of biogenic sources.
Functionalising silk hydrogels with hetero- and homotypic nanoparticles
Authors: Kaewchuchuen Jirada , Matthew Saphia A. L. , Phuagkhaopong Suttinee , Bimbo Luis M. , Seib F. Philipp
Published: January 2024

Despite many reports detailing silk hydrogels, the development of composite silk hydrogels with homotypic and heterotypic silk nanoparticles and their impact on material mechanics and biology have remained largely unexplored.
Advances in metal–organic frameworks for water remediation applications
Authors: Lal Seema , Singh Parul , Singhal Anchal , Kumar Sanjay , Singh Gahlot Ajay Pratap , Gandhi Namita , Kumari Pratibha
Published: January 2024

Metal–organic frameworks have advanced adsorption, photocatalysis and sensing of water contaminants.
Advances in boron nitride-based nanomaterials for environmental remediation and water splitting: a review
Authors: Gadore Vishal , Mishra Soumya Ranjan , Singh Ashish Kumar , Ahmaruzzaman Md.
Published: January 2024

This review summarizes the synthesis of boron nitride nanocomposites and their diverse applications in water remediation and water splitting.
Research on CO2/CH4/N2 competitive adsorption characteristics of anthracite coal from Shanxi Sihe coal mine
Authors: Jinzhang Jia , Lingyi Xiao
Published: January 2024

This study aims to solve the problem of unsatisfactory development and utilization of coalbed methane and CO2 storage efficiency.
CoeffNet: predicting activation barriers through a chemically-interpretable, equivariant and physically constrained graph neural network
Authors: Vijay Sudarshan , Venetos Maxwell C. , Spotte-Smith Evan Walter Clark , Kaplan Aaron D. , Wen Mingjian , Persson Kristin A.
Published: January 2024

CoeffNet uses coefficients of molecular orbitals of reactants and products to predict activation barriers.
Catalytic ammonia synthesis on HY-zeolite-supported angstrom-size molybdenum cluster
Authors: Kamiguchi Satoshi , Asakura Kiyotaka , Shibayama Tamaki , Yokaichiya Tomoko , Ikeda Tatsushi , Nakayama Akira , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Hou Zhaomin
Published: January 2024

A molybdenum halide cluster complex is converted to an angstrom-size metal cluster on HY zeolite. The cluster efficiently catalyzes ammonia synthesis owing to high N2 activation ability brought by cooperation of the multiple molybdenum sites.
Comment on “A K2Fe4O7 superionic conductor for all-solid-state potassium metal batteries”, by H. Yuan et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 8413–8418
Authors: Brogioli Doriano , Tribbia Michele , Gockeln Michael , Glenneberg Jens , Schwenzel Julian , La Mantia Fabio
Published: January 2024

A novel potassium ion conductor with excellent performances was recently reported. Attempts to replicate the synthesis only give hematite. The claimed material is likely a mixture of hematite and potassium hydroxide, not a conductor.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “A K2Fe4O7 superionic conductor for all-solid-state potassium metal batteries”’, by D. Brogioli, M. Tribbia, M. Gockeln, J. Glenneberg, J. Schwenzel and F. LaMantia, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, https://doi.org/D3TA01240A
Authors: Yuan Hongming , Li He , Zhang Tingsong , Li Guanghua
Published: January 2024

Single-crystal K2Fe4O7 was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. We reply to the comments raised regarding the solved structure and provide the original crystallographic data.
Lysosome targeted visible light-induced photo-CORM for simultaneous CO-release and singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Gandra Upendar Reddy , Jana Batakrishna , Hammer Patrick , Mohideen M. Infas H. , Neugebauer Ute , Schiller Alexander
Published: January 2024

Lyso-CORM is very stable under dark conditions CO and singlet oxygen generation (1O2) was effectively triggered under light irradiation conditions.
To form or not to form a reaction complex: exploring ion–molecule reactions between C3H4 isomers and Xe+ and O2+
Authors: Zagorec-Marks C. , Kocheril G. S. , Krohn O. A. , Kieft T. , Karpinska A. , Softley T. P. , Lewandowski H. J.
Published: January 2024

Ion–molecule reactions are an essential contributor to the chemistry of a diverse range of environments. Here we study the effects of isomeric structure and ionic character on the ion–molecule reaction between C3H4 isomers and Xe+ and O2+ ions.
A BSF‐EDZL scheduling algorithm for heterogeneous multiprocessors
Authors: Wu Peng , Han Chengzhuo , Yan Tao , Chen Lu , Li Yingchun
Published: January 2024

To improve the performance of real‐time systems, heterogeneous asymmetric multiprocessors are proposed. Heterogeneous asymmetric multiprocessor architecture allows the system to better match computational resources to meet the needs and dynamic workload of each application. The benefits of system performance and reduced power consumption cannot be fully exploited unless proper task scheduling and task allocation methods are implemented at the operating system level.The EDZL scheduling algorithm has been shown to be a better scheduling algorithm in heterogeneous multiprocessor platforms. In this paper, the BSF‐EDZL (best speed fit for earliest deadline first until zero‐laxity) performance asymmetric multiprocessor scheduling algorithm is proposed, and an effective schedulability analysis is performed. The algorithm selects an appropriate processor for non‐zero relaxation highest priority task rather than the fastest processor when assigning tasks. Experimental results show that the proposed BSF‐EDZL scheduling algorithm can schedule a larger set of tasks than the ordinary EDZL scheduling algorithm.
Improvement of operation and maintenance efficiency of power transformers based on knowledge graphs
Authors: Yang Jun , Meng Qi , Zhang Xixiang
Published: January 2024

Currently, the digital transformation of the power grid is underway, and the intelligent health management technology for power transformers is rapidly advancing. However, there are issues in the operation and maintenance process, such as weak information correlation and low decision‐making efficiency. Knowledge graphs have been applied in other industrial fields, such as spacecraft maintenance, to significantly improve knowledge query efficiency. However, there is a lack of literature on knowledge graph construction in the field of power transformer operation and maintenance. Additionally, there is limited publicly available data and difficulties in effectively mining operation and maintenance knowledge in this field. A method for constructing a knowledge graph for power transformer operation and maintenance based on ALBERT is proposed. Firstly, publicly available literature in the field of power transformers is collected, and a sample enhancement method using regular matching is used to enrich the semi‐structured corpora, such as power system accident investigation reports, to construct a training dataset for power transformer operation and maintenance. Then, the ALBERT‐BiLSTM‐CRF deep learning algorithm is applied to extract power transformer operation and maintenance entities from the relevant literature and accident investigation reports, and this method is compared with traditional deep learning algorithms to demonstrate its superiority. Subsequently, the ALBERT‐BiLSTM‐Attention deep learning algorithm, which incorporates ALBERT and attention mechanism, is utilised to extract relationships between power transformer operation and maintenance entities. Compared to other deep learning algorithms, this algorithm demonstrates better performance in the domain‐specific texts of power transformer operation and maintenance. Finally, the Neo4j graph database is used to visualise and present the knowledge graph, enabling decision support based on the power transformer operation and maintenance knowledge graph.
Mining smart card data to estimate transfer passenger flow in a metro network
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Liu Tao , Gong Lei , Luo Qin , Du Bo
Published: January 2024

Metro systems play an important role in reducing urban traffic congestion and promoting the sustainable development of urban transport in megacities. With the expansion of a metro network, transfer stations are necessary for increasing the service connectivity of a metro network. An accurate estimation of transfer passenger flow can help improve the operations management of a metro system. This study proposes a data‐driven methodology for estimating the transfer passenger flow volume of each transfer station in a metro network by mining smart card data. The estimated transfer passenger flow data are visualized to show the spatial‐temporal distribution characteristics of metro transfer passenger flow. The case study results of the Shenzhen Metro network demonstrate that the proposed data‐driven methodological framework is very effective in estimating different types of transfer passenger flows, such as total transfer passenger flow, hourly transfer passenger flow, and inbound and outbound transfer flows at each transfer station. The spatial‐temporal distribution characteristics of transfer passenger flow can be very useful for designing effective and efficient passenger flow management measures to ensure the safe and efficient operation of a metro system.
Elevating adaptive traffic signal control in semi‐autonomous traffic dynamics by using connected and automated vehicles as probes
Authors: Li Yurong , Peng Liqun
Published: January 2024

In this work, the connected vehicle's messages are used to create an enhanced adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) system for improved traffic flow. Few existing studies use connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) to develop traffic signal control algorithms under hybrid connected and autonomous conditions. The proposed approach focuses on a four‐phase traffic intersection with both CAVs and human‐driven vehicles (HVs). CAVs share real‐time state information, and a model called Roads Dynamic Segmentation estimates queuing procedures and vehicle fleet numbers on dynamic road sections. This information is used in the Store and Forward Model (SFM) to predict intersection queuing length. The ATSC system, based on model predictive control (MPC), aims to minimize intersection queue length while considering traffic constraints (undersaturated, saturated, and oversaturated) and avoiding free‐flow problems due to queue overflow. To reduce computational complexity, a linear‐quadratic‐regulator (LQR) is used. Real‐world vehicle trajectories and the SUMO tool are used for experimental purposes. Results show that the proposed method reduces average delay by 38.50% and 33.42% compared to fixed timing and traditional MPC in cases of oversaturated traffic flow with 100% CAV penetration. Even with a penetration rate of only 20%, average delay decreases by 13.65% and 6.50%, respectively. This study showcases not only the potential benefits of CAV in enhancing traffic, but also enables the optimal utilization of green duration in signalized intersection control systems. This helps prevent traffic congestion and ensures the efficient and smooth movement of traffic flow.
Beyond the Magic ofMoringa oleifera: Its Potential to Control Indonesian Serotype of Footand-Mouth-Disease Virus Replication through Inhibition of 3-Cysteine Protease
Authors: Kusuma Kavana Hafil , Widyananda Muhammad Hermawan , Grahadi Rahmat , Souhaly Jantje Wiliem , Hermanto Feri Eko
Published: January 2024

Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) poses a significant threat to livestock worldwide, necessitating innovative approaches to combat its causative agent, the FMD virus (FMDV). On the other hand,Moringa oleiferais a feed alternative for cattles with numerous bioactive compounds. This paper delves into the captivating realm ofMoringa oleifera(MO) bioactives and their potential in thwarting FMDV replication by targeting the essential enzyme, 3C Protease (3CP). To elucidate the inhibitory potential of these bioactives, a rigorous investigation involving molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations was conducted. Specifically, the 3CP was modeled based on the amino acid sequence of FMDV Indonesian Serotype. Results showed that most of the compounds from MO outperformed Ribavirin as the standard therapy for FMD. Among them, Baicalin, Chlorogenic Acid, and Rutin have binding affinity -9.1, -8.1, and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Those compounds also formed more hydrogen bonds than Ribavirin through their binding sites. Molecular dynamics simulation also revealed that interaction of 3CP with those compounds had minor influence on its structural stability. The conformation of those compounds is also more stable than Ribavirin, supported by more hydrogen bonds. In summary, this research highlighted the potential mechanism of MO bioactives in preventing severe FMDV infection through inhibition of viral replication.
Evaluation of Leucaena Leaves (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Witt.) Supplementation in Feed on Digestibility in Lactation Period Ettawa Crossbred Goats
Authors: Hartutik  , Marjuki  , Huda Asri Nurul , Fitri Galuh Yolanda , Kartikasari Indah , Latifah Yuli Nur , Azmi M. Alif Fayqol
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the effect of Leucaena leaves (Leucaena laucochepala) supplementation on the digestibility of Ettawa Crossbred goats. Twelve Ettawa Crossbred goats during the lactation period divided into six groups were allocated in a group randomized design with two treatments and six replicates (two goats per replicate). Treatments consisted of T1 in the form of 100% Leucaena leaves and T2 in the form of 50% Leucaena leaves and 50% concentrate. This study began with the preliminary stage, adaptation stage, data collection and analysis. Data from this study were tabulated using Microsoft Excel program, then analyzed using double T-test analysis with Randomized Group Design. The results showed that the Crude Fiber Digestibility value had a significantly different effect (P<0.05), Leucaena leaves high Crude Protein content can affect digestibility to be higher than T1 which is composed of 50% Leucaena leaves + 50% concentrate. ADF digestibility value showed no significant difference (P>0.05). NDF digestibility showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Hemicellulose digestibility showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The digestibility of organic matter showed no significant difference (P<0.05). Dry matter digestibility showed significantly different effects (P<0.05). The digestibility value of crude protein showed a significantly different effect (P<0.05). The results of the study can be concluded that Leucaena leaves supplementation can increase the feed digestibility value.
Morphometric traits of Black Soldier Fly larvae in slaughterhouse waste and rice bran growing medium
Authors: Fasha Fadilla Rizkia , Andri Faizal , Isnaini Nurul
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the effects of utilizing a mixture of slaughterhouse waste and rice bran as a growing medium on the morphometric traits of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae. The research followed a completely randomized design with five treatment groups, namely T0: 100% slaughterhouse waste (control), T1: 75% slaughterhouse waste + 25% rice bran, T2: 50% slaughterhouse waste + 50% rice bran, T3: 25% slaughterhouse waste + 75% rice bran, and T4: 100% rice bran. The morphometric traits examined in this study included the larvae body length at 19 days (LBL19), larvae body width at 19 days (LBW19), larvae body length at 29 days (LBL29), and larvae body width at 29 days (LBW29). The results demonstrated that using slaughterhouse waste as the sole medium (T0) could support the growth of BSF larvae, but the morphometric traits of larvae in T0 were relatively modest. Interestingly, when RB was used to replace SW partially, it had a dose-dependent effect. T1 significantly improved (P < 0.05) LBL19, LBL29, and LBW29. Conversely, the morphometric traits of BSF larvae in T2 and T3 did not exhibit significant changes (P > 0.05) compared to the control. Moreover, the use of T4 significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) all morphometric traits of BSF larvae (LBL19, LBW19, LBL29, and LBW29). In conclusion, this study reveals the significant potential of BSF in managing slaughterhouse waste. Furthermore, employing a growing medium consisting of 75% slaughterhouse waste and 25% rice bran emerges as a practical approach to strike a harmonious balance between effective waste management and fostering the development of BSF larvae.
The Effect of Turmeric, Ginger, and Teak Leaf Nanoparticles Extraction as Feed Additives on the Microbial of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ardiansyah Donny Tri , Nuningtyas Yuli Frita , Marwi Filoza , Natsir Muhammad Halim
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the effect of using ginger, turmeric and teak leaf extracts in the form of nanoparticles on the total plate count of lactobacillus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. in broiler chicken manure. 200 broiler chickens were divided into 5 groups allocated in a randomized block design with 5 treatments and 4 replications (10 broiler chickens per replication). Treatment consisted of control (T0) in the form of 100% commercial feed, (T1) in the form of the addition of 0.2% extract, (T2) in the form of the addition of 0.4% extract, (T3) in the form of the addition of 0.6% extract, and (T4) in the form of adding 0.8% extract. This research began with the extract making stage, nanoparticle synthesis stage, data collection and analysis. Samples of feed given, the amount of feed given, the remaining amount of feed given from each animal replication were recorded every day for data collection. Data from this study were tabulated using the Microsoft Excel software program. Data were subjected to ANOVA and followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level. The results of the study showed that giving feed additives from ginger, turmeric and teak leaf extracts in the form of nanoparticles had a significant effect (P<0.05) on increasing the Lactobacillus population, reducing the population of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. In conclusion, giving feed additives from ginger, turmeric and teak leaf extracts in the form of nanoparticles up to 0.8% increased the population of lactic acid bacteria, reducing Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
The Effect of Casein-Chitosan Edible Coating with Garlic Essential Oil Addition on pH, Haugh Unit and Egg Yolk Index Fresh Chicken Egg on Different Storage
Authors: Umam Al Awwaly Khothibul , Widyastuti Eny Sri , Apriliyani Mulia Winirsya , Thohari Imam , Zuladhar Ulya Rafa , Rachmawati Ayunitasari
Published: January 2024

Eggs are a source of animal protein needed by the body and contain complete essential amino acids. Chicken eggs are easily damaged or changed so the quality of the eggs decreases with the length of storage. This damage can be prevented by coating. Past studies concluded that edible coating can maintain the quality of chicken eggs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of coating chicken eggs using chitosan and casein edible coating with the addition of garlic essential oil. The materials used are fresh chicken eggs, edible coating solution and garlic essential oil. The method used in this study was a laboratory experiment with Completely Randomized Nested Design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. Edible coating with the addition of garlic essential oil is expected to improve egg quality with a long shelf life. The result showed that chicken eggs coated with chitosan casein edible coating with the addition of garlic essential oil 1% for storage time of 0 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days gave a very significant effect (P<0,01) on egg yolk pH, egg albumen pH, haugh unit and egg yolk index.
Salivary cortisol and alpha amylase enzyme levels in different phases of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Mansour Ghada , Al-Johani Khalid , Safi Mohammad-Ayman
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal lesions and stress is one of the major factors implicated in its causation. The aim of the present work is to measure the stress biomarkers, salivary cortisol (SC) and salivary alpha amylase (SAA), in the different phases of RAS. Patients and Methods: The study included 69 subjects of whom 38 patients served as the study group who suffered from minor RAS and one to three active minor oral ulcers of <48 h duration. The remaining 31 healthy subjects served as controls. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected twice from the study group; during the ulcerative phase of RAS and after complete healing has occurred, and only once from the controls. Concentrations of SC, and SAA enzyme were assessed by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: There was a significant increase of SC and SAA in both the ulcerative and the post-healing phases in comparison to the control group. The ulcerative phase had higher but insignificant levels of both biomarkers when compared to the post-healing phase. There was a significant correlation between both biomarkers in the post-healing but not in the ulcerative phase. Conclusion: RAS patients have significantly higher levels of both stress biomarkers (SC and SAA) in the ulcerative and in the post-healing phases when compared to controls.