bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining sea levels forecasting using autoregressive and prophet models
Authors: Elneel Leena , Zitouni M. Sami , Mukhtar Husameldin , Al-Ahmad Hussain
Published: June 2024

Global climate change in recent years has resulted in significant changes in sea levels at both global and local scales. Various oceanic and climatic factors play direct and indirect roles in influencing sea level changes, such as temperature, ocean heat, and Greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. This study examined time series analysis models, specifically Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) and Facebook’s prophet, in forecasting the Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL). Additionally, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model was utilized to investigate the influence of selected oceanic and climatic factors contributing to sea level rise, including ocean heat, air temperature, and GHG emissions. Moreover, the models were applied to regional sea level data from the Arabian Gulf, which experienced higher fluctuations compared to GMSL. Results showed the capability of autoregressive models in long-term forecasting, while the Prophet model excelled in capturing trends and patterns in the time series over extended periods of time.
Exploring online consumer behavior on fraudulent energy-saving products
Authors: Li Pingfei , Zheng Dingwei , Yan Li , Zhou Qianxi
Published: June 2024

Purchasing energy-saving products is key for public participation in energy conservation and sustainable development. However, the sale of fraudulent energy-saving products has boomed through online shopping, with little research on these products and consumer demands. This study explored the underlying factors driving consumer purchases of fraudulent energy-saving products and measured their impact on environmental awareness. Sales data for such products from four major online shopping platforms were collected. Results suggested unique demand characteristics from consumers who unknowingly purchase fraudulent energy-saving products, referred to as “hidden energy savers”, including a preference for moderately priced products, a desire for straightforward energy-saving explanations, and a tendency to seek multiple additional features, even if they conflict with the core functionality. Perceived installation and usage difficulty significantly influences purchasing behavior. A practical survey of freight companies and individual transporters’ demand for freight energy-saving products was conducted as a case study to validate the practical application of this research. This study presents a novel perspective on public energy-saving behavior, aiding in creating true energy-saving products, boosting public energy conservation interest, and reducing the negative impact of fraudulent products on environmental awareness. It also sheds light on hidden consumer needs, guiding the development of authentic energy-saving products.
Time to symptom onset and manual reduction outcomes as predictors of bowel viability in incarcerated obturator hernias
Authors: Gokon Yusuke , Ohki Yusuke , Ogino Takahiro , Hatoyama Keiichiro , Shimizu Kenji , Katsura Kazunori , Kashiwadate Toshiaki , Abe Takayuki , Sato Koichiro
Published: June 2024

The current study aimed to identify the indications for manual reduction in incarcerated obturator hernias (OH). Further, whether time to symptom onset and manual reduction outcomes can be predictors of bowel viability and the need for bowel resection in incarcerated OH were examined. This retrospective study included 26 patients with incarcerated OH who underwent surgery. All patients underwent manual reduction, and computed tomography scan after manual reduction confirmed hernia release. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the predictors of bowel resection. The bowel resection group had a significantly longer average time to symptom onset than the nonbowel resection group (88 vs 36 h). Further, the bowel resection group was more likely to have failed manual reduction than the nonbowel resection group. A time to symptom onset of ≥ 72 h and failed manual reduction were significant predictors of bowel viability. Age, sex, hernia localization, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score, and laboratory findings did not differ significantly between the bowel resection and nonbowel resection groups. Time to symptom onset and manual reduction outcomes are significant predictors of bowel viability in incarcerated OH. Patients with a time to symptom onset of ≥ 72 h and failed manual reduction require surgical evaluation due to a high risk of bowel nonviability. Therefore, a cautious approach is required in the management of OH, and further research on optimized treatment protocols should be conducted.
Optimized PAR-2 RING dimerization mediates cooperative and selective membrane binding for robust cell polarity
Authors: Bland Tom , Hirani Nisha , Briggs David C , Rossetto Riccardo , Ng KangBo , Taylor Ian A , McDonald Neil Q , Zwicker David , Goehring Nathan W
Published: June 2024

Cell polarity networks are defined by quantitative features of their constituent feedback circuits, which must be tuned to enable robust and stable polarization, while also ensuring that networks remain responsive to dynamically changing cellular states and/or spatial cues during development. Using the PAR polarity network as a model, we demonstrate that these features are enabled by the dimerization of the polarity protein PAR-2 via its N-terminal RING domain. Combining theory and experiment, we show that dimer affinity is optimized to achieve dynamic, selective, and cooperative binding of PAR-2 to the plasma membrane during polarization. Reducing dimerization compromises positive feedback and robustness of polarization. Conversely, enhanced dimerization renders the network less responsive due to kinetic trapping of PAR-2 on internal membranes and reduced sensitivity of PAR-2 to the anterior polarity kinase, aPKC/PKC-3. Thus, our data reveal a key role for a dynamically oligomeric RING domain in optimizing interaction affinities to support a robust and responsive cell polarity network, and highlight how optimization of oligomerization kinetics can serve as a strategy for dynamic and cooperative intracellular targeting.
µPhos: a scalable and sensitive platform for high-dimensional phosphoproteomics
Authors: Oliinyk Denys , Will Andreas , Schneidmadel Felix R , Böhme Maximilian , Rinke Jenny , Hochhaus Andreas , Ernst Thomas , Hahn Nina , Geis Christian , Lubeck Markus , Raether Oliver , Humphrey Sean J , Meier Florian
Published: June 2024

Mass spectrometry has revolutionized cell signaling research by vastly simplifying the analysis of many thousands of phosphorylation sites in the human proteome. Defining the cellular response to perturbations is crucial for further illuminating the functionality of the phosphoproteome. Here we describe µPhos (‘microPhos’), an accessible phosphoproteomics platform that permits phosphopeptide enrichment from 96-well cell culture and small tissue amounts in <8 h total processing time. By greatly minimizing transfer steps and liquid volumes, we demonstrate increased sensitivity, >90% selectivity, and excellent quantitative reproducibility. Employing highly sensitive trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry, we quantify ~17,000 Class I phosphosites in a human cancer cell line using 20 µg starting material, and confidently localize ~6200 phosphosites from 1 µg. This depth covers key signaling pathways, rendering sample-limited applications and perturbation experiments with hundreds of samples viable. We employ µPhos to study drug- and time-dependent response signatures in a leukemia cell line, and by quantifying 30,000 Class I phosphosites in the mouse brain we reveal distinct spatial kinase activities in subregions of the hippocampal formation.
Self-reporting intracellular delivery agent for singlet oxygen
Authors: Li Yiran , Wang Lei , Zhang Shengli , Liu Ziang , Sun Rensong , Qiao Yuan , Akkaya Engin U.
Published: June 2024

Thermal cycloreversion reaction generates fluorescent phenazine, while the other product, which is singlet oxygen, initiates apoptotic cell death both in cell cultures and in tumor spheroids.
Halogen bonding aza-BODIPYs for anion sensing and anion binding-modulated singlet oxygen generation
Authors: Taylor Andrew J. , Beer Paul D.
Published: June 2024

Two novel halogen bonding aza-BODIPY anion sensors that operate in the biologically-relevant near-IR window are reported. Unprecedented supramolecular host–guest anion binding modulation of singlet oxygen (1O2) generation is demonstrated.
Amplification of negative gas adsorption in a multivariate framework
Authors: Walenszus Francesco , Bon Volodymyr , De Ankita , Kaskel Stefan
Published: June 2024

Tailoring of framework micromechanics using the multivariate MOF approach allowed stabilization of the metastable overloaded state and double the ΔnNGA value compared to original values in DUT-49.
Sensitive subcellular scale and real-time detection of hydrogen peroxide by a W-doped Pt microelectrode
Authors: Lei Shaohui , Zou Zhuo , Tian Kangling , Zheng Yan , Ding Mei , Hu Guangxuan , Bin Yang Hong , Guo Chunxian , Li Changming , Hu Fang Xin
Published: June 2024

A Pt-W-GO@ME sensor was constructed to achieve real-time and sensitive detection of H2O2 in HeLa cells at a subcellular scale.
Nuclear quantum effects in gas-phase ethylene glycol
Authors: Arandhara Mrinal , Ramesh Sai G.
Published: June 2024

Path integral molecular simulations are used to explore the nuclear quantum effects on the structure, dihedral landscape and infrared spectrum of ethylene glycol.
Temperature-dependent work function, thermionic emission and bulk modulus of TiC: a study on the identification of free valence electrons and localized valence electrons and their roles played in carbides
Authors: Hua Guomin , Mendez Patricio , Dong Xinglong
Published: June 2024

As demonstrated, the work function of TiC was determined by free valence electrons, and the bulk modulus was determined by localized valence electrons, which underlie the electronic basis of TiC for electron emissions and mechanical properties.
Recent advances in zinc-ion dehydration strategies for optimized Zn–metal batteries
Authors: Li Haoyu , Li Sijie , Hou Ruilin , Rao Yuan , Guo Shaohua , Chang Zhi , Zhou Haoshen
Published: June 2024

Two principles of component regulation and pre-desolvation and derived strategies for achieving dehydrated zinc-ion solvation structures are systematically reviewed.
High-contrast multi-surface imaging of latent fingerprints using color-tunable YOF:Tb3+,Eu3+ ultrafine nanophosphors with high quantum yield
Authors: Tamboli Sumedha , Nair Govind B. , Kroon Robin E. , Erasmus Lucas J. B. , Swart Hendrik C.
Published: June 2024

Visualization of latent fingerprints (LFPs) on multi-colored surfaces using color-tunable phosphors.
ISODISTROTLaMTeO6 (M = Ga3+ and Mn3+): the critical role of electronic configuration and cation ordering in crystal structures
Authors: Tang Shunjie , Qi Yuxuan , Jiang Pengfei , Yang Tao
Published: June 2024

The crystal structures of PbSb2O6-type tellurates LaMTeO6 (M = Ga and Mn) are dictated by the combination of the electronic configuration of the M-cation and M3+/Te6+ cationic ordering.
Sustainable interface regulation enabled by a bismuth solid-state surfactant effect for Zn-free anodes
Authors: Wang Chen , Chen Bo , Wang Tan , Silva Gabriel Vinicius De Oliveira , Xu Zhi , Miao Guo-Xing , Huang Yunhui , Fu Jing
Published: June 2024

This study introduces a novel application of Bi as a solid-state surfactant in Zn electrodes, where the arriving Zn adatoms tend to migrate below Bi and nucleate locally instead of diffusing laterally and forming protruding structures.
Determining high-precision Sr–Nd isotopic ratios of certified reference materials using thermal ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Shankar Ravi , Sarma Drona S. , Panda Aurovinda , Panicker Arathi G. , Augustine Sminto
Published: June 2024

Analyses of STM-1 yielded a mean 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.703744 ± 0.000010 (n = 9, 2SD) and a mean 143Nd/144Nd ratio of 0.512925 ± 0.000004 (n = 12, 2SD). This is the first report of Sr–Nd isotope ratios of STM-1 determined using TIMS.
Correction: High-throughput prediction of oxygen vacancy defect migration near misfit dislocations in SrTiO3/BaZrO3 heterostructures
Authors: Ebmeyer William , Dholabhai Pratik P.
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘High-throughput prediction of oxygen vacancy defect migration near misfit dislocations in SrTiO3/BaZrO3 heterostructures’ by William Ebmeyer et al., Mater. Adv., 2024, 5, 315–328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/D3MA00850A
A dual photocarrier separation channel in CdS/ZnS for outstanding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zheng Yi , Chen Qiaoling , Zhang Wenjing , Zhang Chongwen , Ma Rong , Li Chunlei , Zhang Jing
Published: June 2024

The role of pre-adsorption in the conversion of a less soluble precipitate to a more soluble precipitate is explored and the CdS/ZnS carrier separation pathway is scrutinised, suggesting the existence of a dual-carrier separation channel.
Active site transfer improves electrocatalytic activity of Fe3GeTe2 edge planes for the oxygen evolution reaction: a first-principles calculation study
Authors: Su Wei , Kang ZongXiang , Li QiuHong , Pan Jing
Published: June 2024

The synergistic effect of active sites improves the OER performance in Fe3GeTe2.
Electrical and dielectric study of Na2/3Mn2/3Fe1/3O2 as a cathode active material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Missaoui Faouzi , Krimi Moufida , Mahmoud Abdelfattah , Boschini Frédéric , Ben Rhaiem Abdallah
Published: June 2024

The impedance spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that the behavior of our compound results from the combined effects of both grain and grain boundary contributions.
Correction: Phosphorescent [3 + 2 + 1] coordinated Ir(iii) cyano complexes for achieving efficient phosphors and their application in OLED devices
Authors: Wu Yuan , Yang Chen , Liu Jie , Zhang Meng , Liu Weiqiang , Li Wansi , Wu Chengcheng , Cheng Gang , Yang Qingdan , Wei Guodan , Che Chi-Ming
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Phosphorescent [3 + 2 + 1] coordinated Ir(iii) cyano complexes for achieving efficient phosphors and their application in OLED devices’ by Yuan Wu et al., Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, 10165–10178, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1SC01426A.
Coordinated finite‐time control of multiple motors with saturation constraints
Authors: Zhang Changfan , Zhang Junming , He Jing , Jia Lin , Zhou Yang
Published: June 2024

A multi‐motor coordinated tracking control strategy based on a disturbance sliding‐mode observer and an anti‐saturation non‐singular fast‐terminal sliding mode is proposed to address the issues of slow convergence and controller output saturation in multi‐motor coordinated control systems. Firstly, a mathematical model of a multi‐motor traction system considering uncertain parameter perturbations, external disturbances, and dead zones was established. Secondly, a disturbance sliding‐mode observer was designed based on the mathematical model to eliminate motor disturbances and estimate the torque. The observer's forward compensation was added to design a total‐consensus‐based fast non‐singular terminal sliding‐mode controller. Then, a fast anti‐saturation auxiliary system with fast finite‐time convergence was constructed. Finally, a comparative experiment was conducted with traditional anti‐saturation sliding‐mode control to demonstrate that the proposed method had faster convergence, stronger disturbance rejection, and better tracking performance in the presence of multi‐motor parameter perturbations, unknown disturbances, and input saturation.
Modelling and analysis of a superconducting magnetic coupler used for cryogenic pump
Authors: Ai Liwang , Ma Pengfei , Miao Sen , Jiang Siyuan , Xu Xiaozhuo
Published: June 2024

It is difficult to achieve low heat leakage and leak‐free rotary sealing for conventional small‐ and medium‐sized cryogenic liquid pumps (CLPs). This is because the motor in a room‐temperature environment is connected to the pump impeller (in a cryogenic environment) via a long transmission shaft. An axial flux‐concentration superconducting magnetic coupler (AFCSMC) is proposed for CLP to eliminate the transmission shaft. Firstly, the structure and the operation mechanism of AFCSMC are described. Then, a 2D electromagnetic modelling method for AFCSMC is established based on the H‐φ formulation and also validated experimentally in terms of the prediction on the levitation force and the guidance force. Thus, the 2D numerical simulations of AFCSMC are performed in an equivalent static system instead of the actual double rotor motion system in which the moving mesh is quite complicated. It is investigated that dependences of the transmission torque on the key electromagnetic structural parameters, such as permanent magnet arrangement, number of pole‐pairs, ferromagnetic yoke, operating slip, and so on. The results indicate that the average transmitting torque is less affected by the operating slip, and AFCSMC can start asynchronously and operate in steady state with a synchronous speed. With the advantages of low loss, risk‐free of desynchronising, and overload protection, the proposed AFCSMC can provide a competitive candidate for mechanical power transmission technologies in cryogenic engineering.
Explicit coordinated signal control using soft actor–critic for cycle length determination
Authors: Zhang Kun , Xu Hongfeng , Pan Baofeng , Zheng Qiming
Published: June 2024

Explicit signal coordination carries prior knowledge of traffic engineering and is widely accepted for global implementation. With the recent popularity of reinforcement learning, numerous researchers have turned to implicit signal coordination. However, these methods inevitably require learning coordination from scratch. To maximize the use of prior knowledge, this study proposes an explicit coordinated signal control (ECSC) method using a soft actor–critic for cycle length determination. This method can fundamentally solve the challenges encountered by traditional methods in determining the cycle length. Soft actor–critic was selected among various reinforcement learning methods. A single agent was administered to the arterials. An action is defined as the selection of a cycle length from among the candidates. The state is represented as a feature vector, including the cycle length and features of each leg at every intersection. The reward is defined as departures that indirectly minimize system vehicle delays. Simulation results indicate that ECSC significantly outperforms the baseline methods, as evident in system vehicle delay across nearly all demand scenarios and throughput in high demand scenarios. The ECSC revitalizes explicit signal coordination and introduces new perspectives on the application of reinforcement learning methods in signal coordination.
An atlas of gas motions in the TNG-Cluster simulation: From cluster cores to the outskirts
Authors: Ayromlou Mohammadreza , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Rohr Eric , Truong Nhut , Li Yuan , Simionescu Aurora , Lehle Katrin , Lee Wonki
Published: June 2024

Galaxy clusters are unique laboratories for studying astrophysical processes and their impact on halo gas kinematics. Despite their importance, the full complexity of gas motion within and around these clusters remains poorly known. This paper is part of a series presenting the first results from the new TNG-Cluster simulation, a suite comprising 352 high-mass galaxy clusters including the full cosmological context, mergers and accretion, baryonic processes and feedback, and magnetic fields. Studying the dynamics and coherence of gas flows, we find that gas motions in galaxy cluster cores and intermediate regions are largely balanced between inflows and outflows, exhibiting a Gaussian distribution centered at zero velocity. In the outskirts, even the net velocity distribution becomes asymmetric, featuring a double peak where the second peak reflects cosmic accretion. Across all cluster regions, the resulting net flow distribution reveals complex gas dynamics. These are strongly correlated with halo properties: at a given total cluster mass, unrelaxed, late-forming halos with fewer massive black holes and lower accretion rates exhibit a more dynamic behavior. Our analysis shows no clear relationship between line-of-sight and radial gas velocities, suggesting that line-of-sight velocity alone is insufficient to distinguish between inflowing and outflowing gas. Additional properties, such as temperature, can help break this degeneracy. A velocity structure function (VSF) analysis indicates more coherent gas motion in the outskirts and more disturbed kinematics toward halo centers. In all cluster regions, the VSF shows a slope close to the theoretical models of Kolmogorov (∼1/3), except within 50 kpc of the cluster centers, where the slope is significantly steeper. The outcome of TNG-Cluster broadly aligns with observations of the VSF of multiphase gas across different scales in galaxy clusters, ranging from ∼1 kpc to megaparsec scales.
Wind-PV-Batty Powered Standalone Microgrid with TS-Fuzzy Controllers based Novel Control for Power Quality Improvement
Authors: Saraswathi Devadula Eswara , Aravelli Gopalamma S.L.K.
Published: June 2024

The global community is actively investigating strategies to harness renewable energy power sources (REPS) in order to tackle the problem of global warming and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Wind and solar energies are among the most plentiful and easily accessible forms of renewable energy available on Earth. Utilizing these sources for electrical power generation can prove to be an effective solution in meeting the energy demands of various regions. Photovoltaics (PVs) and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) coupled wind power conversion units are commonly installed for medium power applications. By integrating these two sources, a reliable and flexible power supply can be ensured for consumers at all times. Additionally, the incorporation of an energy storage device, such as batteries, is essential for maintaining energy management in standalone power supply units. As a result, a hybrid wind, battery and PV based microgrid has been developed, along with a novel control technique to ensure power quality at the load point. Traditional controllers like the Proportional-Integral (PI) controller may not perform optimally during rapid system changes due to their fixed gains. Therefore, a novel TS-Fuzzy controller-based control scheme has been implemented in this system. To optimize the utilization of REPS, the system has been equipped with devices that ensure maximum power point integration. The energy management system is facilitated by connecting the battery bank to the system through a DC to DC bidirectional circuit. The results of various case studies have been presented using the MATLAB software in this study.
Optimization of Nanogrids for Remote Off-Grid Communities
Authors: Abbas Ahmed H.R. , Rajeswari M. , Sharma Deepti , Singh Rahul , Jeyakani P. , Dhabliya Dharmesh
Published: June 2024

This review article delves into the advancements in the realm of nanogrids and their potential in addressing energy challenges, particularly in regions with limited access to centralized power grids. The paper reviews the work in the areas of nanogrids as solutions for regions like sub-Saharan Africa, where a significant population lacks access to main grid electricity. The integration of multiple nanogrids within a community, coupled with an investor energy bank, is explored as a means to alleviate the economic burden of energy storage and to harness the full potential of solar energy. The article also examines the challenges faced by centralized power grids and the shift towards distributed generation (DG) as a remedy. The concept of nanogrids is further elaborated, discussing their control topologies, techniques, and the potential of interconnecting multiple nanogrids to form a microgrid. Lastly, the co-design of solar generationbased nano-grids and water treatment in remote areas is studied, emphasizing the importance of providing essential drinking water and electricity to underdeveloped regions. The integration of solar-powered electricity with water treatment processes offers a unique solution to address both electricity and water needs in such areas.
Advancement in techniques towards power quality improvement in Microgrid system: A comprehensive review
Authors: Pattanayak Bikash , Nanda Smrutimayee , Kumari Pooja , Kumar Niranjan
Published: June 2024

Power quality is one of the prime views of modern energy schemes. Renewable-energy-based microgrids offer an attractive solution for improving the power quality of remote or isolated areas while diminishing greenhouse gas discharges. However, incorporating renewable energy origins into the grid can introduce significant challenges, mainly power fluctuations, voltage instability, harmonics, and frequency deviation. Here, a literature-based study has been done on the power quality improvement in microgrid. This review paper analyses 30 literature review papers published between 2018 to 2022, focusing on power quality improvement in recoverable -energy-based Microgrids. It also analyses the different techniques, simulation environments, and controllers used in each research work. Moreover, the advantages and research gaps in the collected research articles are also analyzed. Ultimately, the research gaps identified are also mentioned to assist future researchers in developing a novel and efficient approach for power quality improvement in microgrid-based systems.
Improved DTC of Induction Motor with Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Manivasagam  , Gupta Poonam , Singh Vaishali , Kulhar Kuldeep Singh
Published: June 2024

DTC, also known as Direct Torque Control, is a technique employed in variable frequency drives for regulating the torque and speed of three-phase AC electric motors. This method entails determining an approximation of the motor’s magnetic flux and torque by analyzing the voltage and current readings of the motor. In order to reduce flux ripples and ensure smooth speed operation, we have suggested the use of two fuzzy logic controllers based on DTC for induction motors. The proposed method offers a faster response compared to conventional DTC for induction motors. The MATLAB simulink software was used to illustrate the comprehensive results.
Optimal Control of Fast Charging Converters for Renewable Systems in E-Vehicle Applications
Authors: Mansory Ali Al , Khare Neha , R Reena , Mundheradnan Myasar , Singh Devendra , Devika J.
Published: June 2024

This review delves into the optimal control of fast charging converters for renewable systems in electric vehicle (EV) applications. With the rise of EVs, a robust charging infrastructure becomes imperative. Ultra-fast charging (UFC) technology emerges as a pivotal solution for medium to long-distance travels. One study introduces a smart charging station with a modular DC/DC design, distributing power across multiple charging ports. By modeling this as an optimization problem, the goal is to minimize charging time and cost, with simulations suggesting that 800 kW power can efficiently serve 10 charging spots. Another study highlights global EV technological progress, emphasizing diverse EV types and their energy management. The importance of optimizing power distribution among varied energy storage elements is discussed. The potential of wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor technology, especially SiC devices in EVs, is underscored, detailing their characteristics and the significance of energy optimization for EV charging. Challenges with SiC modules are also explored, providing insights for future research.
Advancements in Sensorless Control Techniques for Electric Drives
Authors: Abbas Ahmed H.R. , Abdulaziz Akhmedov , Alawadi Ahmed Hussein , Edwin Prabhakar P.B. , Kumar C Santhosh , Wadhwa Lalitkumar
Published: June 2024

This study reviews the work around the burgeoning field of sensorless control techniques in electric drives, fuelled by advances in power electronics and digital signal processing. The review categorizes these techniques into two primary approaches: methods relying on motor terminal quantities and those utilizing state observers. Terminal-based methods offer simplicity by measuring motor voltages and currents, while state observer techniques like the Extended Kalman Filter and Sliding Mode Observer provide higher accuracy through the estimation of internal motor states. Despite challenges such as parameter estimation and potential system instability, the study concludes that the benefits of sensorless control, including cost reduction and enhanced reliability, make it an increasingly vital component in the future of electric drive systems.
Implementing an Adaptive Algorithm for Hybrid EVs: Recognising Driving Patterns with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sikka Rishi , Chaudhary Hetan , Meena Mansingh , Nachappa M.N.
Published: June 2024

This review article delves into the enhancement of fuel efficiency in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) through the use of adaptive algorithms for precise driving pattern recognition. The review explores studies that delve into two distinct methodologies. Firstly, a method utilising a Learning Vector Quantisation neural network is highlighted, which analyses six standard driving cycles. By employing micro-trip extraction and Principal Component Analysis, this method ensures a comprehensive training sample, subsequently simplifying the model and reducing data convergence time. Simulations reveal a significant reduction in sampling duration whilst maintaining satisfactory accuracy, leading to an 8% improvement in fuel economy when paired with a parallel hybrid vehicle model. Additionally, the article examines the Neural Network Fuzzy Energy Management Strategy (NNF-EMS), designed to address the adaptability constraints of traditional energy management strategies. Through neural network learning and parameter analysis, the NNF-EMS showcases enhanced adaptability and practicality across diverse driving cycles, underscoring the potential of artificial intelligence in HEV algorithm development..
Isolated Power Conditioning unit for Applications Involving Micro Wind Turbines
Authors: Anjanikumar  , Bhavani J. , Veeresham K. , Pushpa Kumari J.
Published: June 2024

Renewable Energy sources have become one of the most desired modes of energy sources due to increasing pollution and declining fossil fuels. Wind energy sources is among the major contributors of renewable energy sources with much untapped potential and capable of installation even in remote areas. For larger scale wind power plants, Power Conditioning Unit plays a key-role as it deals with protection, voltage regulation and efficiency. Many power conditioning Units which are presently in application do not provide electrical isolation which may lead to adverse effects in case of fault conditions. The proposed model in this paper provides electrical isolation with the help of Quasi Z Source DCDC converter with galvanic isolation.
Converter Analysis for Small Wind Turbine Applications
Authors: Bhavani J. , Narmala Anjanikumar , Sudha Rani K. , Srinivas Rao J.
Published: June 2024

Current environmental concerns and expensive infrastructure costs have a significant impact on the adoption of wind turbine technology. Research on the technologies of small wind turbines, which are much smaller in size and capacity, has increased recently. These Small wind turbines have a minimal influence on the environment and require less infrastructure. They have a limited capacity for power generation, necessitating the connection of several turbines to generate usable power. Numerous topologies have been proposed by researchers to combine the power of several wind turbines, but these conventional topologies were primarily developed for high-power wind turbines and cannot be used to connect very small wind turbines because a sizable portion of the generated power would be lost in driving the sophisticated electronic components
Comprehensive Assessment of Land Requirements for 100% Solar Energy Transition in Smart Cities
Authors: Shankar Sahoo Girija , Mathur Mala , Zaidi Taskeen , Sharma Ratish
Published: June 2024

Navigating towards a sustainable future, this paper meticulously reviews diverse studies, exploring the intricate dynamics of transitioning to 100% solar energy in smart cities, whilst particularly scrutinising land requirements. The studies, set against varied geographical and socioeconomic backdrops, delve into the technical and economic feasibility, alongside environmental repercussions of a wholesale shift towards renewable energy in urban environments. For example, a detailed exploration of Delhi’s multi-sectoral energy transition pathway unveils potential in slashing primary energy and costs, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and bolstering the energy job sector. Another study elucidates a methodology for crafting Smart Energy Cities, exemplified by Aalborg’s transition within Denmark’s 100% renewable energy framework. Additionally, an examination of the economic and environmental performance of renewable energy systems in diverse Chinese residential communities highlights the predominance of solar energy and biomass, revealing disparities in investment recovery and emission reductions. Collectively, these studies illuminate the multifaceted aspects of renewable energy transitions in urban contexts, steering towards a globally sustainable, efficient, and secure energy future.
Novel control of Multi Motor Driven Photovoltaic (PV) based Water Pumping System with HIL
Authors: Acharjya Kalyan , Kumar Sharma Mohit , Prakash Febin , Singh Kulhar Kuldeep
Published: June 2024

Photovoltaic (PV) based water pumping systems driven by induction motors are used for many applications recently. Using of batteries for power backup can increase the overall system cost as well as required daily maintenance. Hence, the designing of a water pumping system without using battery backup is very important aspect when power supplied by PV panels. N efficient energy management system is developed in this paper and compared the response with various conditions. Hardware-in the-Loop (HIL) based results are incorporated in results section along with Simulink results to validate the proposed configuration. Two different control schemes based on power and voltages are proposed in this paper with the help of vector control of induction motor. Moreover the control scheme is implemented to operate identical multi motors. The seamless control technique is implemented to switched ON second motor based on availability of power from PV system.
State Orient Power Adaption and Switching Model for Remote Monitoring Systems
Authors: Vij Priya , Divya
Published: June 2024

The problem of power adaption in remote monitoring system is well studied. There exists number of approaches to handle the problem. However, they suffer to achieve higher performance in power adaption and switching. To handle this issue, an efficient State orient Power Adaption and Switching Model (SPASM) is presented to support remote monitoring systems. The model monitors the power supply to the remote monitoring system at all the time. Whenever, there is deflection in the input power supply, then the model performs power adaption according to the state of input voltage. The method computes Power Adaption Rate (PAR) for the input voltage and checks the required voltage for the remote monitoring system. Based on the PAR value and the required voltage, the method decide the state of the system and perform power adaption accordingly. As the remote monitoring system needs uninterrupted power supply, the method computes the PAR value at all the time interval and switches the voltage and source towards efficient remote monitoring. The selection of power source is performed by computing Power Switching Support (PSS) for different sources available and optimal source is selected to feed the power supply for the remote monitoring system.
Machine Learning Applications in Energy Management Systems for Smart Buildings
Authors: Singh Rajesh , Utkurovich Kuchkarbaev Rustam , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Saritha G. , Jayadurga R. , Waghulde K.B.
Published: June 2024

This paper reviews the work in the areas of machine learning applications for energy management in smart buildings, 5G technology’s role in smart energy management, and the use of machine learning algorithms in microgrid energy management systems. The first area focuses on the adaptability of building-integrated energy systems to unpredictable changes through AI-initiated learning processes and digital twins. The second area explores the impact of 5G technology on smart buildings, particularly in Singapore, emphasizing its role in facilitating high-class services and efficient functionalities. The third area delves into the application of various machine learning algorithms, such as supervised and unsupervised learning, in managing and monitoring microgrids. These broad areas collectively offer a comprehensive understanding of how machine learning can revolutionize energy management systems in smart buildings, making them more efficient, adaptable, and sustainable.
The Role of Internet of Things (IoT) in Hydel Energy Sector- Perspectives
Authors: Chandramauli Awadhesh , Singh Rakesh , M Jeyalaxmi , Ali H.A. , Habelalmateen Mohammed I. , Sasipriya S.
Published: June 2024

The integration of renewable energy and the optimization of energy use are crucial components of sustainable energy transitions aimed at mitigating climate change. Modern technology, notably the Internet of Things (IoT), offers a myriad of applications within the energy sector, spanning energy supply, transmission and distribution, and demand. IoT holds the potential to enhance energy efficiency, boost the share of renewable energy sources, and reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption. This review article synthesizes existing literature on IoT applications in Hydelenergy systems, with a particular focus on smart grids. Furthermore, it delves into the enabling technologies of IoT, including cloud computing and data analysis platforms. Challenges in deploying IoT in the energy sector, such as privacy and security concerns, are also addressed, with proposed solutions like blockchain technology. This review serves as a comprehensive resource for energy policymakers, economists, and managers, providing insights into IoT’s role in optimizing policymakers, economists, and managers, providing insights into IoT’s role in optimizing energy systems.
Framework of Data-Driven Methods to Enhance Renewable Energy in Smart Cities
Authors: Kulhar Kuldeep Singh , Rengarajan A. , Sikka Rishi , Kumar Dinesh
Published: June 2024

As the quest for intelligent and eco-friendly urban progress gains momentum, the integration of renewable energy resources within smart city infrastructures becomes increasingly pivotal. This comprehensive review article delves into the confluence of data-driven methodologies and renewable energy solutions within the realm of smart cities. We embark on an exploration of the intricate frameworks devised to enhance the efficiency of renewable energy generation, distribution, and meticulous management in these urban ecosystems. By elucidating the multifaceted strategies and techniques underpinning this synergy, we shed light on the transformative potential it holds for the sustainable and intelligent evolution of our cities, paving the way for a greener and smarter urban future.
Dynamic Control Strategies for FACTS Devices in Modern Power Grid
Authors: Abbas Ahmed H.R. , Joshi Ankita , Farrukh Yuldashev , Jansirani D. , Alzubaidi Laith H. , Senthil Kumar R. , Bhalke D.G.
Published: June 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive review of dynamic control strategies for FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices, aligning with the “Dynamic Control Strategies for FACTS Devices in Modern Power Grids.” It addresses the critical role of FACTS in managing modern power grids, focusing on their ability to enhance power quality, stabilize voltage, and improve energy efficiency. As power systems evolve to incorporate renewable and distributed energy sources, the challenges of ensuring reliable and stable grid operations become increasingly complex. The review discusses how FACTS technology and dynamic control strategies are vital components in addressing these challenges. By regulating voltage profiles and power system stability, FACTS devices contribute to the efficient integration of renewable energy sources, aligning with the overarching theme of the review article. In essence, this review sets the stage for a deeper exploration of the dynamic control strategies that underpin FACTS devices’ contributions to the modern power grid’s reliability and efficiency, emphasizing their relevance and significance in the evolving energy landscape.
Improvement of the DPFC performance in Transmission Lines during failure of Series Converter
Authors: Harron Syed , Saraswat Nidhi , Singh Swati , Kulhar Kuldeep Singh
Published: June 2024

The DPFC is a novel device which is related to FACTS family. It has become visible from the Unified Power Flow Controller. The DPFC is comprised of a shunt converter and a series converter, both interconnected with the grid to regulate power flow. The presence of a common dc link between the shunt and series converters is observed in previous converters such as UPFC. However, in the case of DPFC, the dc link is eliminated. The series controller ensures costeffective high reliability. In this document, we examine the efficiency of DPFC when a single series converter fails, and we also implement a control scheme to enhance DPFC’s performance in such failure scenarios. The control principle relies on the fact that the failure of a single series converter will result in the occurrence of unsymmetrical currents across the entire system. Monitoring the zero and negative sequence currents can help to overcome this failure. A well-suited control scheme has been devised in this study to overcome the challenges arising from the series converter failure and effectively manage the active power, reactive power, grid voltages, and currents. The obtainability of the control scheme and simulation diagrams of DPFC can be achieved through the appropriate design.
TSK-Fuzzy Controllers based Novel Control Method for Grid Integrated DFIG System
Authors: Gill Amandeep , S Adlin Jebakumari , Raizada Aasheesh , Kulhar Kuldeep Singh
Published: June 2024

Grid connected renewable energy sources based electric power generation systems are increasing day by day to meet the electrical demand without burning any fossil fuels. Doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are widely used in wind turbines due to advantages that they can allow the amplitude and frequency of their output voltages to be maintained at a constant value, no matter the speed of the wind blowing on the wind turbine rotor. Moreover, the DFIG provides a huge possibility to improve network dynamic behavior by using the power electronic converters with sufficient control arrangements. Many different structure and control algorithms can be used for control of power converters. However, conventional controllers cannot perform with full efficiency during rapid changes in wind speed. Hence, Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) Fuzzy controllers based novel control technique is proposed in this paper for performing many tasks on grid connected DFIG systems. The proposed control scheme is tested under variations of voltage, frequency, wind speed, and reactive power load. To achieve the realistic responses, the Hardware-in the-Loop (HIL) is implemented with the help of OPAL-RT modules for presenting extensive results.
TS-Fuzzy Controllers based Novel Control of Grid Connected Fuel Cell Stack System
Authors: Aljohani Mansour , Malla Siva Ganesh , Mosaad Mohamed I.
Published: June 2024

Energy storage and utilization-based systems are playing a vital role in power systems. Hydrogen energy based electrical power generation systems are most popular nowadays due to their ability to meet the load demand without any noise, or pollution. Usually, Fuel Cell Stacks (FCSs) are used to produce electricity from hydrogen and oxygen. Utility grid connected FCs can able to meet load demand quickly as well as improve the power quality at local load bus. Since the FC output is DC, an inverter with an efferent control technique is required to interface the FCs into the AC utility grid. The loads connected at the point of common coupling (PCC) of the FCs to the grid are varying randomly and in terms of their nonlinear and reactive power characteristics. These kinds of loads will affect the power system significantly and result in poor power quality at PCC. Proportional-integral (PI) controllers often cannot operate at their maximal efficiency when the system experiences random fluctuations in addition to the nonlinearities caused by the loads and the power electronic switches used to connect the FC to the grid. This is because these controllers have fixed gains.. One of the most effective solutions to get around these problems associated with using the fixed gain PI controller parameters is to use some adaptive controllers, such as Takagi-Sugeno (TS) Fuzzy controllers. Consequently, a novel control strategy for the inverter is suggested in this paper with the aid of TS-Fuzzy controllers in order to improve the power quality at PCC. Therefore, a novel control strategy for the inverter is suggested in this paper with the aid of TS-Fuzzy controllers in order to improve the power quality at PCC.. Hardware – in the – Loop (HIL) is established with the help of OPAL-RT technologies to enhance the significance of the proposed method. In this study, extensive results are provided and analyzed using HIL under different operating conditions to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in mitigating power quality problems.
Reliability Analysis of PV Inverters Considering Locational Impact
Authors: Suresh Kumar A. , Deepak Karanam , Lokeswara Reddy K. , Saleem Basha P. , Venu S. , Sai Raghavendra C.
Published: June 2024

The inverter system is an important piece of equipment for efficiently absorbing the electricity generated from renewable sources and ensuring reliable grid connections. As power electronics advance, inverter conversion efficiency is improving and photovoltaic (PV) energy is becoming a major contributor to the global supply of renewable energy. However, a key consideration is how reliable the PV inverters are. The dependability performance of PV inverters can be influenced by various environmental parameters, such as solar radiation and temperature (collectively referred to as Mission Profile). Given that these conditions vary by location, it is necessary to take them into account when evaluating the dependability performance of a PV inverter. The Mission Profile, including the local solar radiation and surrounding temperature, are important factors determining the lifespan of a PV inverter. This research examines how environmental variables and geographic position affect the dependability performance of PV converters and finds that these elements have a significant bearing on that performance.