bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estilos de aprendizaje en la UCEVA: una caracterización de estudiantes de Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras
Authors:   Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, ROMERO Gonzalo , SANDOVAL Edgar J. ,   Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, SUAREZ Marco F. ,   Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, LASSO Luis A. ,   Universidad del Valle, Colombia
Published: December 2020

En Colombia, los resultados de las pruebas Saber y PISA no han arrojado resultados satisfactorios en áreas de lectura y el uso del inglés. La investigación tiene como objetivo identificar los estilos de aprendizaje y el perfil predominante de los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras con Énfasis en Inglés de la Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca en Tuluá, Colombia. Se identificó que el estilo predominante fue el Reflexivo. En este contexto, los docentes deben incentivar el proceso de aprendizaje mediante actividades pedagógicas innovadoras que lleven al estudiante a responder al porqué de las situaciones del mundo real, con el objetivo de llegar a conclusiones más profundas de los temas analizados.
Sistema de información de la producción científica de una institución universitaria
Authors:   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia, HERNANDEZ Jorge M. , FRANCO David A. ,   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia, MARTELO Raul J. ,   Universidad de Cartagena, Colombia
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo presenta un sistema de información para el manejo de la producción científica de una institución universitaria. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, explicativa y mixta, resultando un aplicativo web, desarrollado bajo metodología RUP (Rational Unified Process), que permite a las instituciones universitarias tener información de la productividad científica de manera oportuna y generar cuantificaciones de productos por diversas clasificaciones. Se concluye que con la implementación de este proyecto las instituciones tendrán mayor visibilidad de sus investigadores y grupos de investigación.
Efectos de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la educación en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, SANCHEZ Pedro A. , SAAVEDRA Claudia E. ,   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, FIGUEROA Claudia ,   Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar los efectos de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la educación en Colombia. Metodológicamente, el texto se soporta en el enfoque cualitativo, el paradigma interpretativo y el método documental. El documento inicialmente aborda algunas consideraciones conceptuales, para luego señalar y analizar los efectos, tanto positivos como negativos, de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en la educación, y cierra con las respectivas conclusiones.
Influencia del estrés en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes universitarios
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Mexico, ARMENTA Lizeth , QUIROZ Celia Y. , ABUNDIS Felipe ,   Universidad autónoma de Nayarit, Mexico, ZEA Aldo ,   Universidad autónoma de Nayarit, Mexico
Published: December 2020

Este estudio se realizó en una universidad ubicada al norte de México, donde el objetivo fue conocer las causas que generan estrés en estudiantes universitarios y que afectan su rendimiento académico. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo. Participaron 37 alumnos. En los resultados, el 73% de los participantes manejan un estrés medio, mientras que el 5.4% lleva un estrés bajo y un 21.6% lleva un estrés alto. Como conclusión, se indica que el estrés como método de alerta, puede ser positivo.
Assessment of Mass Attenuation Coefficient, Effective Atomic Number and Electron Density of Some Aluminum Alloys
Authors: BİLGİCİ CENGİZ (EKER) Gülçin , ÇAĞLAR İlyas
Published: December 2020

Aluminum alloys have numerous application fields in today's technology due to their excellent mechanical features, high electrical and thermal conductivity, magnificent corrosion resistance, good weldability, good formability and similar properties. In the present study, we investigated the mass attenuation coefficient (µm), effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective electron density (Ne) of four different type commercially available aluminum alloys. For his purpose, µm, Zeff, and Ne values of 5083, 5754, 6061 and 6082 coded aluminum alloys were determined by employing NaI(Tl) gamma ray spectrometry at 661.66,1173.23 and 1332.48 keV gamma ray energies obtained from 137Cs and 60Co radioactive sources. Also these parameters theoretically determined using PhyX-PSD computer program at the photon energies of 1 keV–1 GeV and compared with the experimental results. The variation of µm, Zeff, and Ne with incident photon energy presented graphically. From the obtained results it might be concluded that the µm, Zeff, and Ne values for studied alloy samples depend on the incident photon energy and elemental composition of alloys. In addition, it was observed from the theoretical and experimental results that aluminum alloys under study have almost the same gamma ray attenuation capacity.
Interés por la actividad física y recomendaciones recibidas con relación a conductas físicas durante etapas tempranas de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Chile
Authors: Aguilar-Farias Nicolás , Verdugo-Miranda Francisco , Cortinez-O'Ryan Andrea
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analizar las tendencias de búsqueda en Google en Chile sobre opciones para mantenerse activos físicamente durante etapas iniciales de la pandemia por COVID-19, y reportar la recepción de orientaciones sobre conductas físicas en cuidadores de niños y niñas de 1 a 5 años, emitidas desde salas cunas o jardines infantiles durante la pandemia en Chile. Métodos: Se exploraron términos relacionados con actividad física (“actividad física”, “ejercicio”, “juegos” y “juegos para niños en casa”) en Google teniendo como referencia el inicio de las medidas de cuarentena en Chile. La información de cuidadores se recolectó de forma online a lo largo de Chile. Resultados: De los términos explorados, “juegos para niños en casa” tuvo el mayor crecimiento desde el inicio de la pandemia, seguido por “juegos”, “ejercicio”, y “actividad física”. De un total de 1343 cuidadores, alrededor de un tercio recibió recomendaciones de actividad física, cerca de un quinto sobre uso de pantalla y uno de cada diez con relación al sueño. Conclusión: El alto interés y la falta de recepción de recomendaciones constituye un vacío que debe ser abordado a través de acciones educativas complementarias de profesionales, y tomadores de decisiones que habiliten espacios y programas para promover conductas saludables en niños y niñas en Chile.
Labor Force Transitions by Gender: Implications for Separate and Combined Worklife Expectancy
Authors: Allen Craig A.
Published: December 2020

The Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2016 (the “Act”) proposes that tables of worklife expectancy not taking account of gender be used in the calculation of damages amounts for loss of earnings capacity. This study calculates worklife expectancy tables not taking account of gender, by taking weighted averages of the labor force transition probabilities used by Skoog-Ciecka-Krueger (2011) and calculating the resulting worklife expectancies using the method of Skoog (2002). The weights for the weighted averages are from the period January 2005 through December 2009.

This study then examines patterns in worklife expectancies and labor force transition probabilities and provides evidence not in support of the hypothesis that women's lower worklife expectancies are due to events limited to childbearing years. It is seen that at almost all ages and at all levels of education: women's rate of departure from the labor force exceeds that of men, women's rate of entry and return to the labor force is less than that of men, and labor force participation rates are less than those of men.

This study finds that women's lower labor force participation rates than those of men are accounted for by a greater incidence for women of the statuses “taking care of house or family” and “in retirement.”

Combined gender worklife expectancy tables are then applied to the total population, with the result that mean worklife expectancies are higher for women than men at ages 30 and under, and progressively lower for women than men as age increases beyond age 30.
Update of Educational Attainment Model for a Minor Child: Round 18 of NLSY (1997)
Authors: Spizman Lawrence M. , Kane John
Published: December 2020

This paper updates the ordered probit educational attainment model by Kane, Spizman and Donelson (2013) using round 18 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1997).
Worklife Expectancies of Railroad Workers Based on the Twenty-Seventh Actuarial Valuation Using Competing Risks/Multiple Decrement Theory and the Markov Railroad Model
Authors: Ciecka James E. , Skoog Gary R.
Published: December 2020

This paper contains worklife expectancies (WLE) of railroad workers based on the Twenty-Seventh Actuarial Valuation (Bureau of the Actuary, 2018), thereby updating the previous study of railroad workers' WLE based on the Twenty-Fifth Actuarial Valuation (Bureau of the Actuary, 2012). The main results of this paper are shown in a set of tables.1
Perfect Storm
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Ghazanchyan Manuk
Published: December 2020

While the world’s attention is on dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change remains a greater existential threat to vulnerable countries that are highly dependent on a weather-sensitive sector like tourism. Using a novel multidimensional index, this study investigates the long-term impact of climate change vulnerability on international tourism in a panel of 15 Caribbean countries over the period 1995–2017. Empirical results show that climate vulnerability already has a statistically and economically significant negative effect on international tourism revenues across the region. As extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and severe over time, our findings indicate that the Caribbean countries need to pursue comprehensive adaptation policies to reduce vulnerabilities to climate change.
Monetary Policy Surprises and Inflation Expectation Dispersion
Authors: Gruss Bertrand , Lizarazo Sandra , Grigoli Francesco
Published: December 2020

Anchoring of inflation expectations is of paramount importance for central banks’ ability to deliver stable inflation and minimize price dispersion. Relying on daily interest rates and inflation forecasts from major financial institutions in the United States, we calculate monetary policy surprises of individual analysts as the unexpected changes in the federal funds rate before the meetings of the Federal Reserve Board. We then assess the effect of monetary policy surprises on the dispersion of inflation expectations, a proxy for the extent of anchoring, which is based on the same analysts’ inflation projections submit-ted after the Fed meetings. With an identification strategy that hinges on a tight window around the Fed meetings, we find that monetary policy surprises lead to an increase in the dispersion of inflation expectations up to nine months after the policy meeting. We rationalize these results with a partial equilibrium model that features rational expectations and sticky information. When we allow the degree of information rigidity to depend on the realization of firm-specific shocks, the theoretical results are qualitatively consistent and quantitatively close to the empirical evidence.
Non-Linearities in Fiscal Policy
Authors: Fotiou Alexandra
Published: December 2020

Empirical evidence shows that fiscal multipliers depend on the state of the cycle, the nature of fiscal policy and the level of debt. In other words, evidence points to non-linearities in the effects of fiscal policy. This paper provides a framework to examine the role of the level of government debt in the assessment of consolidation policies across the business cycle, allowing for the consolidation multiplier to depend on the level of debt at the time of consolidation. The empirical analysis, which uses a panel of 13 countries between 1980 and 2014, finds that when debt is high, fiscal consolidations based on tax increases are in general self-defeating, in that they result in an increase of the debt-to-GDP ratio. Instead, cutting public expenditure has a less pronounced effect on economic activity and can stabilize debt. The initial level of debt in an economy, when a fiscal consolidation is implemented, appears to work as a channel in explaining evidence of state-dependence of the different consolidation instruments.
Optimal Simple Objectives for Monetary Policy when Banks Matter
Authors: Laureys Lien , Meeks Roland , Wanengkirtyo Boromeus
Published: December 2020

We reconsider the design of welfare-optimal monetary policy when financing frictions impair the supply of bank credit, and when the objectives set for monetary policy must be simple enough to be implementable and allow for effective accountability. We show that a flexible inflation targeting approach that places weight on stabilizing inflation, a measure of resource utilization, and a financial variable produces welfare benefits that are almost indistinguishable from fully-optimal Ramsey policy. The macro-financial trade-off in our estimated model of the euro area turns out to be modest, implying that the effects of financial frictions can be ameliorated at little cost in terms of inflation. A range of different financial objectives and policy preferences lead to similar conclusions.
Labor Market Informality and the Business Cycle
Authors: Lambert Frederic , Pescatori Andrea , Toscani Frederik
Published: December 2020

Labor market informality is a pervasive feature of most developing economies. Motivated by the empirical regularity that the labor informality rate falls with GDP per capita, both at business cycle frequency and in a cross-section of countries, and that the Okun's coefficient falls with the level of labor informality, we build a small open-economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with two sectors, formal and informal, which can replicate these key stylized facts. The model is calibrated to Colombia. The results show that labor market and tax reforms play an important role in changing the informality rate but also caution against over-optimism - with low GDP per capita, informality will always be relatively high as there is insufficient demand for formal goods. Quantitatively we find that higher productivity in the formal sector is key in explaining the difference between Colombia and countries with significantly lower informality. We use the model to study how labor informality and labor market frictions mediate the cyclical response of the economy to shocks, including commodity price shocks which are particularly relevant in Latin America. Informality is shown to play an important role as a shock absorber with the informal-formal margin limiting movements in the employed-unemployed margin.
Legal Aspects of Central Bank Digital Currency
Authors: Bossu Wouter , Itatani Masaru , Margulis Catalina , Rossi Arthur D. P. , Weenink Hans , Yoshinaga Akihiro
Published: December 2020

This paper analyzes the legal foundations of central bank digital currency (CBDC) under central bank and monetary law. Absent strong legal foundations, the issuance of CBDC poses legal, financial and reputational risks for central banks. While the appropriate
design of the legal framework will up to a degree depend on the design features of the CBDC, some general conclusions can be made. First, most central bank laws do not currently authorize the issuance of CBDC to the general public. Second, from a monetary law perspective, it is not evident that “currency” status can be attributed to CBDC. While the central bank law issue can be solved through rather straithforward law reform, the monetary law issue poses fundmental legal policy challenges.
Technological and Economic Decoupling in the Cyber Era
Authors: Garcia Macia Daniel , Goyal Rishi
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift toward digital services. Meanwhile, the race for technological and economic leadership has heated up, with risks of decoupling that could set back trade and growth and hinder the recovery from the worst global recession since the Great Depression. This paper studies the conditions under which a country may seek to erect barriers—banning imports or exports of cyber technologies—and in effect promote decoupling or deglobalization. A well-known result is that banning imports may be optimal in monopolistic sectors, such as the digital sector. The novel result of this paper is that banning exports can also be optimal, and in some cases superior, as it prevents technological diffusion to a challenger that may eventually become the global supplier, capturing monopoly rents and posing cybersecurity risks. However, export or import bans would come at a deleterious cost to the global economy. The paper concludes that fostering international cooperation, including in the cyber domain, could be key to avoiding technological and economic decoupling and securing better livelihoods.
Sex in the Cut
Authors: Zupančič Alenka
Published: December 2020

The talk will attempt to explore the nature of the division or cut implied, also etymologically, in the term “sex”. It will attempt to develop a concept of division that does not imply any pre-existing whole, but rather exists as a self-standing entity, endowed by a reality of its own. What if the division implied in “sex” is not simply that between two sexes (or more), but rather something that marks the unrest of sexuality itself? How could this be related to the contemporary feminist struggle, and what kind of concept of universality would it imply?

Author(s): Alenka Zupančič 

Title (English): Sex in the Cut

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020)

Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje

Page Range: 20-26

Page Count: 7

Citation (English): Alenka Zupančič, “Sex in the Cut,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 20-26.

Author Biography

Alenka Zupančič, Institute of Philosophy, Scientific Research Center of the Slovene Academy of Sciences

Alenka Zupančič is a Slovene philosopher and social theorist. She works as research advisor at the Institute of Philosophy, Scientific Research Center of the Slovene Academy of Sciences. She is also professor at the European Graduate School in Switzerland. Notable for her work on the intersection of philosophy and psychoanalysis, she is the author of numerous articles and books, including Ethics of the Real: Kant and Lacan; The Shortest Shadow: Nietzsche’s Philosophy of the Two; Why Psychoanalysis: Three Interventions; The Odd One In: On Comedy; and, most recently, What Is Sex?
The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare
Authors: Le Vincent
Published: December 2020

In 1950, Turing proposed to answer the question “can machines think” by staging an “imitation game” where a hidden computer attempts to mislead a human interrogator into believing it is human. While the cybercrime of bots defrauding people by posing as Nigerian princes and lascivious e-girls indicates humans have been losing the Turing test for some time, this paper focuses on “deepfakes,” artificial neural nets generating realistic audio-visual simulations of public figures, as a variation on the imitation game. Deepfakes blur the lines between fact and fiction, making it possible for the mere fiction of a nuclear apocalypse to make itself real. Seeing oneself becoming another, doing and saying strange things as if demonically possessed, triggers a disillusionment of our sense of self as human cloning and sinister doppelgängers become a reality that’s open-source and free. Along with electronic club music, illicit drugs, movies like Ex Machina and the coming sex robots, the primarily pornographic deepfakes are how the aliens invade by hijacking human drives in the pursuit of a machinic desire. Contrary to the popular impression that deepfakes exemplify the post-truth phenomenon of fake news, they mark an anarchic, massively distributed anti-fascist resistance network capable of sabotaging centralized, authoritarian institutions’ hegemonic narratives. That the only realistic “solutions” for detecting deepfakes have been to build better machines capable of exposing them ultimately suggests that human judgment is soon to be discarded into the dustbin of history. From now on, only a machine can win the Turing test against another machine.

Author(s): Vincent Le

Title (English): The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020)

Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje

Page Range: 8-18

Page Count: 11

Citation (English): Vincent Le, “The Deepfakes to Come: A Turing Cop’s Nightmare,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 8-18.

Author Biography

Vincent Le, Monash University

Vincent Le is a PhD candidate in philosophy at Monash University. He has taught philosophy at Deakin University and The Melbourne School of Continental Philosophy. He has published in Hypatia, Cosmos and History, Art + Australia, Šum, Horror Studies and Colloquy, among other journals. His recent work focuses on the reckless propagation of the will to critique.
Comparative Study of Machine Learning Algorithms for Recommendation System
Authors:   D. J .Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India., Singh Sonam , Srivastva Kriti ,   Department of Computer Engineering, D.J.Sanghvi College of Engineering, Mumbai, India.
Published: December 2020

The role of recommender system is very vital in recent times for a lot of individuals. It helps in taking decisions without exploring physically. Broadly there are two types of recommender system: Content based and Collaborative Filtering. The first one focus on user’s history and takes decisions. But there could be times when decisions based on only user history is not sufficient. For this, there is a need to analyze many parameters influencing the decision such as previous history, Age, gender, location etc. In the second approach it finds similar group of users based on several parameters and then takes decisions. Over the last few decades machine learning algorithms have proved their worth in this area because of their ability to learn from the given data and identify various hidden patterns. With this learning, these algorithms are able to generalize very well for unknown data. In this research work, a survey on three different machine learning based collaborative filtering methods are presented using Movie Lens dataset. The comparison of all three methods based on RMSE and MAE error is also discussed.
Design and Implementation of a Transformer Less Single-Phase Symmetrical Z- Source Heric Inverter with Reduced Leakage Currents for PV Systems
Authors:   V.S.B. Engineering College, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India., B Prasanth , B Senthil kumar , K Karthi , P Rajesh kumar ,   V.S.B. Engineering College, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India., G Karthikeyan ,   Sona College of Technology, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: December 2020

A transformer less single-stage symmetric Z-source HERIC inverter including low spillage flows is proposed right now. It is an endeavor to use the Highly Efficient and Reliable Inverter Concept (HERIC) and an impedance source (Z-source) system to keep up a steady normal mode voltage and consequently low spillage flows in PV applications. The proposed inverter successfully eases the spillage current issue by expelling high-recurrence segments for the regular mode voltage. A lift DC/DC converter is ordinarily embraced in such frameworks, prompting a moderately low productivity, particularly when the PV voltage is low. Answers for this test are to adjust tweak techniques or exchanging designs and along these lines ease the variety of the regular mode voltage. The activity guideline of the proposed inverter is depicted together with its control system. The symmetric Z-source HERIC inverter requires dynamic switches. By and by, the activity recurrence of the switches is the line recurrence, prompting insignificant misfortunes.
Analytical Study of Psychological Capital and Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Indian Business Students’ Performance
Authors:   S.B.Patil Institute of Management Sector 26, NigdiPradhikaran, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Ansari Dr. Iram , Gopala Krishnan Dr. Aishwarya ,   S. B. Patil Institute of Management Sector 26, Nigdi Pradhikaran, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Jasti Dr. Lakshmi ,   S.B.Patil Institute of Management Sector 26, Nigdi Pradhikaran, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: December 2020

In today’s fast paced, uncertain, volatile and competitive world, it has become utmost important to find out ways and means to tackle psychological issues and emotional intelligence of individuals. This uncertain and competitive culture not only affects the business world but also affects the performance and life of the students. The present study aims to analyze the impact of Psychological Capital and Emotional Intelligence on the academic performance of the Indian Business graduates. 175 participants responded to a well-structuredquestionnaire. The perception of students was measured using a structured questionnaire. The questions were formulated based on the variables such as emotional intelligence (EI) and psychological capital (Psycap) taking into consideration pervious research. Twenty Four components of Psychological Capital were used (Luthans, Avolio and Avey, 2007) and Fifty components of Emotional Intelligence were used for the study. The performance of students was measured using their SGPA scores. Factor Analysis and Ordinal regression was applied to the collected data. It was found that only a few variables of Psychological capital and Emotional Intelligence affect the performance of Indian Business students. Implications of the findings as well as recommendations for future studies have been discussed.
Zur algebraischen Untersuchung der Steuerbarkeit und der Stabilisierbarkeit linearer zeitinvarianter Systeme
Authors: Hartung Christoph
Published: December 2020

Das Verhalten von den meisten technischen Prozessen lässt sich zumindest in Arbeitspunkten hin-reichend genau mit linearen zeitinvarianten Systemen der Form dx/dt = A*x + B*u beschreiben. Zwei wichtige Eigenschaften solcher Systeme sind die Steuerbarkeit und die Stabilisierbarkeit, welche zu den wesentlichen Voraussetzungen modernen Methoden der Steuerungs- und ­Regelungstechnik zählen. In dieser Arbeit werden algebraische Methoden zum Nachweis der Steuerbarkeit und der Stabilisierbarkeit dieser Systeme untersucht. Dafür wird der Begriff des unsicheren Systems eingeführt, welcher strukturelle Systeme und Vorzeichen-Systeme vereint. Ein unsicheres System ist streng strukturell steuerbar, vorzeichen-steuerbar, vorzeichen-stabil oder vorzeichen-stabilisierbar, wenn jeweils jedes System der Klasse steuerbar, stabil oder stabilisierbar ist. In dieser Arbeit werden zwei bisher ungelöste Probleme, die Charakterisierung der Vorzeichen-Steuerbarkeit und der Vorzeichen-Stabilisierbarkeit, ...
Konzept zur Unterstützung der dezentralen Wiederverwendung in komponentenbasierten Systemen der operativen Leittechnik
Authors: Wagner Constantin
Published: December 2020

Aus dem Inhalt

Kurzfassung

Im Rahmen der Entwicklung von Automatisierungslösungen sind der überwiegende Anteil der durchgeführten Arbeiten repetitiver Art. Diese wiederholenden Arbeiten sind fehleranfällig und entscheiden nur in geringem Maße über den Projekterfolg. Daher lohnt es sich, die Mitarbeiter bei diesen Arbeiten zu unterstützen, so dass mehr Ressourcen für andere Tätigkeiten zur Verfügung stehen. Die entwickelten Automatisierungslösungen ähneln sich sehr häufig funktional oder auch ihre Implementierung betreffend. Dies führt zur Wiederverwendung von Lösungen bzw. Teillösungen. Diese Wiederverwendung ist meist unsystematisch und nicht explizit dokumentiert. Daraus ergeben sich Herausforderungen für die Erweiterung oder Änderung von mehrfach genutzten Lösungen. Im Zuge des demografischen Wandels und der damit einhergehenden Verknappung von qualifizierten Arbeitskräften muss die Arbeit effizienter werden. Eine Möglichkeit die Effizienz zu verbessern ist di...
Identifikation und Optimierung im Kontext technischer Anwendungen
Authors: Schellenberg Dirk
Published: December 2020

Die vorliegende Arbeit richtet sich an Ingenieure und Wissenschaftler im Bereich der Parameteridentifikation und Formoptimierung sowie der Materialcharakterisierung. Vor dem Hintergrund der Entwicklung eines hauseigenen Optimierungsprogrammes werden die darin implementierten Verfahren in kompakter Form dargestellt und bewertet. Diese umfassen ein robustes Levenberg-Marquardt-Fletcher-Verfahren, Line-Search- und Trust-Region-Verfahren, Algorithmen zur Approximation der Hesse-Matrix sowie Verfahren zur Startparametervariation. Zudem werden Schnittstellen zur Einbindung von ABAQUS, ANSYS und MSC.MARC vorgestellt. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit bezieht sich auf die Weiterentwicklung bestehender Verfahren zur Stoffgesetzanpassung bei Gummiwerkstoffen. Hierbei wird das Konzept der Anpassung anhand bauteilnaher Probekörper vorgestellt. Am Beispiel einer Fahrwerksbuchse wird das Konzept intensiv beleuchtet, die Eignung zur Anwendung im industriellen Umfeld dargelegt und es werden die Vorteile geg...
The hierarchical finite cell method for problems in structural mechanics
Authors: Joulaian Meysam
Published: December 2020

The finite cell method (FCM) is a combination of the fictitious domain approach and high-order finite elements. This thesis is concerned with the study of the numerical challenges of this method, and it investigates possible approaches to overcome them. Herein, we will introduce and study different numerical integration schemes, such as the adaptive integration method and the moment fitting approach. To improve the convergence behavior of the FCM for problems with heterogeneous material, we will also propose two high-order enrichment strategies based on the hp-d approach and the partition of unity method. Moreover, the application of the FCM will be extended to the simulation of wave propagation problems, employing spectral elements and a novel mass lumping technique.

...
Effiziente bruchmechanische Herangehensweisen für eine wirtschaftliche Produktentstehung und einen sicheren Bauteilbetrieb
Authors: Grübel Alexander
Published: December 2020

Ermüdungsrisswachstum von Fehlstellen in Folge zyklischer Beanspruchung ist eine häufige Versagensursache von Bauteilen. Die im fehlstellenfreien Bauteil wirkenden Spannungen sind im Kontext einer modernen Produktentstehung unabhängig von einer bruchmechanischen Untersuchung verfügbar. Deren synergetische Nutzung zur Bestimmung der Rissbeanspruchung mit Hilfe numerischer Methoden ist Hauptthema dieser Arbeit. In der vorliegenden Dissertation werden Herangehensweisen erarbeitet, die vorhandene mehrachsige Spannungsdaten fehlstellenfreier Bauteile zur Bestimmung der Rissbeanspruchung nutzen. In der Praxis gestaltet sich dadurch die bruchmechanische Bauteilbewertung deutlich effizienter. Die Herangehensweisen basieren größtenteils auf kubischen Ersatzmodellen, wodurch der Modellierungs- und Berechnungsaufwand reduziert wird.

...
Skin Model Shapes: A new Paradigm for the Tolerance Analysis and the Geometrical Variations Modelling in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Schleich Benjamin
Published: December 2020

Die vorliegende Arbeit wendet sich an Ingenieure und Wissenschaftler aus dem Bereich der virtuellen Produktentwicklung und angrenzender Disziplinen mit Schwerpunkt auf dem Toleranzmanagement. Sie stellt ein umfassendes Rahmenwerk für die Toleranzsimulation unter Berücksichtigung von Formabweichungen in Übereinstimmung mit internationalen Normen zur Geometrischen Produktspezifikation vor. Hierzu werden Algorithmen für die Erzeugung abweichungsbehafteter Punktwolken und Oberflächennetze (Skin Model Shapes), für deren Skalierung sowie deren Montagesimulation erarbeitet. Darüber hinaus behandelt die Arbeit die Toleranzanalyse bewegter Mechanismen und stellt einen Software-Prototypen für die Toleranzsimulation mittels Oberflächennetzen vor. Auf Basis der kritischen Gegenüberstellung von Ergebnissen des erarbeiteten Verfahrens mit bestehenden Toleranzanalysemethoden für typische Problemfälle wird gezeigt, dass durch die Berücksichtigung von Formabweichungen bei der Toleranzanaly...
Bremslenkmomentoptimierte Kurvenbremsung von Motorrädern
Authors: Schröter Gerd
Published: December 2020

This thesis deals with the Brake Steer Torque (BST) induced stand-up tendency of Powered Two Wheelers (PTW) and measures to lower the associated risk for running wide on curve accidents with sudden, unforeseen braking. Focus is set on the BST Avoidance Mechanism (BSTAM), a chassis design that eliminates the BST through lateral inclination of the kinematic steering axis. A simple mathematical model is used to identify its main influences on the driving behavior and derive an optimized system layout. Its theoretical potential is evaluated against the standard chassis using different cornering adaptive brake force distributions and riding styles. For the first time ever, a motorcycle with state-of-the-art brake system (Honda CBR 600 RR, C-ABS) is equipped with a BSTAM and tested in corner braking experiments. Compared to the baseline, it is significantly reducing BST related disturbances and improving directional control. The gained insights can be stepping stones to enhance PTW safety by...
Vorausschauende Kompensation von Verzugszeiten im Regelkreis der semiaktiven Fahrwerkregelung
Authors: Claus Sebastian
Published: December 2020

Die vorliegende Arbeit wendet sich an Ingenieure und Wissenschaftler im Bereich der Fahrzeugtechnik. Sie befasst sich mit den Eigenschaften des Regelkreises der semiaktiven Fahrwerkregelung von Fahrzeugen mit Verstelldämpfern und zeigt das Verbesserungspotenzial durch eine vorausschauende Kompensation der im System auftretenden Verzugszeiten. Die Verzugszeiten in der Größenordnung weniger 10 ms entstehen einerseits in der Verarbeitung von Sensorsignalen sowie andererseits durch die elektrischen und hydraulischen Eigenschaften der Schwingungsdämpfer. Im Fokus stehen die Auswirkungen auf den Schwingungskomfort von Kraftfahrzeugen, hierzu wird das Verhalten der Verstelldämpfer auf Kraftebene analysiert. Zur Kompensation von Verzugszeiten wird der erwartete Schwingungszustand unter Berücksichtigung des vor dem Fahrzeug erfassten Fahrbahnhöhenprofils berechnet.

...
Suppressing Electromagnetic Interference in Switching Converters by Chaotic Duty Modulation
Authors: Song Yuhong
Published: December 2020

The switching converter generates serious electromagnetic interference (EMI), which impairs other devices‘ performance and harms human being’s health. As a way of chaos technique, chaotic modulation has been developed to suppress EMI of the switching converter by dispersing the energy into a wide frequency band and smoothing the peaks of the EMI spectrum. Unlike the well-studied chaotic frequency modulation, the chaotic duty modulation is concerned in this dissertation, which is just to change the duty of the transistor driving-pulse while maintains the fixed switching frequency. Chaotic duty modulation is realized by appending an external chaotic signal to the existing PWM module of the switching converter, which is practicable without the loss of the generality. It is thus verified that this proposal of using chaotic duty modulation in switching converters for EMI suppression is feasible and lays a foundation for industrial applications.

...
Expressive Personalized 3D Face Models from 3D Face Scans
Authors: Graßhof Stella
Published: December 2020

In this work, different methods are presented to create 3D face models from databases of 3D face scans. The challenge in this endeavour is to balance the limited training data with the high demands of various applications.

The 3D scans stem from various persons showing different expressions, with varying number of points per 3D scan and different numbers of scans per person. This data of posed facial expressions revealed substructures, which are utilised to improve the proposed model. In the process of creating and using the models, for each specifc application objective quality criteria are carefully designed tailored to the task to quantify the quality.

In total four face models built from three databases are compared based on: 3D face synthesis, 3D approximation, person and expression transfer, and 3D reconstruction from 2D.

Contents

Abbreviations and Nomenclature

XII

1 Introduction

1

1.1 The Difficulty of Quality Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.2 Face Models ....
Reaction Network Generation and Evaluation for the Design of Biofuel Value Chains
Authors: Villeda Juan José Wilhelm Victoria
Published: December 2020

The present contribution addresses engineers and researchers in process systems engineering and computational chemistry. It provides a holistic approach to the design of biofuel synthesis value chains, consisting of several analytic stages. The model-based centers around the generation of reaction networks that head from substrates to desired products. The generation advances in in a formal manner, relying of fundamentals of chemistry, restrictable by empirical knowledge. By investigating the molecular structure of the network intermediates, quantitative statements on the selectivity of network reactions are derived. The networks are decomposed into elementary nodes, non-further decomposable sequences of reactions. Optimization-based techniques are employed to determine optimal synthesis pathways and biofuel blends. The employed evaluation criteria allow for deriving statements on techno-economic performance and network topology.

...
Systematic and Optimization-Based Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes
Authors: Recker Sebastian
Published: December 2020

In industrial practice, conceptual process design is typically conducted by repetitive simulation studies, which require detailed design specifications in an early design phase. Guided by heuristics, these iterative solution procedures result in high manual effort and, in addition, no guarantee concerning the quality of the solution can be given. Optimization-based design methods provide a tremendous potential to accelerate and improve conceptual process design. For this purpose, a synthesis framework for the optimization-based design of chemical processes is presented in this thesis. Powerful shortcut and rigorous evaluation methods for reaction and distillation are presented. These methods are computationally efficient in order to allow an optimization-based design of large-scale chemical processes. Various industrial case studies illustrate the application of the novel approaches and highlight their benefits.

...
Developing Students’ Worksheet Based Educational Comic for Eleventh Grade of Vocational High School Agriculture
Authors: Suhono Suhono , Sari Defika Andriana
Published: December 2020

This article was development students’ worksheet based educational comic for eleventh grade of vocatational high school (SMK) agriculture in Bumi Nabung.The development research model used is 4D which stands for Define, Design, Development and Disseminate. Based on the data analysis of the research obtained an average final score by media experts of 69 that is very worth category, on average by material experts of 44 that is worth category, average by language expert of 36 that is worth category, as well as testing students' worksheets conducted on 5 students obtained an average value of 71,6 that is very worth category. This shows that the developed teaching materials are suitable to be used as teaching materials in teaching and learning activities.

Keywords : Developing, Students' Worksheets, Educational Comic
تقریری حدیث تعارف،اہمیت وحجیت
Authors: Dr. Muti ur Rehman
Published: December 2020

Without practical performance of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) it is merely impossible for anyone to understand the Holy Quran. It was his primary function to explain the meaning of Qur’anic verses and to set a concrete example for Muslims, therefore the Ahadith of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) are certainly the second basic source in Islam. Muslim scholars classified the traditions of Holy Prophet (ﷺ) into three types; sayings, deeds, and consent of the Prophet (ﷺ).  Hadith Taqreeri is the kind of Hadith in which the silence of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is mentioned when his compa-nions did something or said something in his presence and he refrains from condemning it. His silence in this context reveals to us the legal ruling of that saying or action. In this article I want to elaborate this kind of Hadith, its importance and its legal status in Islam.
سیرت نبوی ﷺ ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
Authors: Tariq Ali Shah  , Dr. Abdul Qadoos
Published: December 2020

Prophet Hood consists of guidance from Allah to humankind. It is a Allah given blessing and a favor that is bestowed on an individual chosen be Him to convey His message, which cannot be acquired or earned otherwise. There has never been a human being so well-respected, loved and followed as Muhammad (SAW), the final messenger of Allah. There has never been a person who has changed world history so dramatically as Muhammad (SAW) and his message. The Prophet (SAW) was the single most important person in the history of the world. Knowledge of the Prophetic Biography is necessary for every Muslim and sharing it with everyone is a responsibility. The importance of a complete biography of the Messenger as available to us cannot be under estimated in this troubled time since both Muslims as well as Non-Muslims have serious knowledge gap when it comes to even approaching the nature of the Final Prophet and the Ultimate Messenger of God sent to all of humanity, who came to restore the primordial religion of Man, the submission to Allah and His Commands. Muhammad (SAW) serves as: - Allah’s messenger and prophet to all mankind as an example of human behavior and noble character Therefore, in studying his life-story we should derive lessons and morals that can help us in our lives today.
(خرید و فروخت کے شرعی احکامات، عصرِ حاضر میں اطلاق کی صورتیں (سیرت طیبہ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Dr. Saba Noor
Published: December 2020

Transactions are part of social life. Sale and purchase are important activities of human life. Islam gives guidance for sale and purchase transactions and the life. Jurists and ulma have addressed the varieties of such transactions as the world became increasingly complex place. This article discuss the basic type of sale and purchase and is being used in Islamic banking system.
دعوت کے میدان میں تبلیغی جماعت کےمساعی و مشکلات کا تحقیقی جائزہ،سیرت نبویﷺ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Fareeda Kakar  , Prof. Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq Kalota
Published: December 2020

Muhammad (PBUH) was the last Prophet. Almighty Allah sent Him message to preach the people, but the Kufar made His enemies. Instead the situation of opposition and hatred from his enemies how He treated them with patience and love .And how He would be able to establish Islamic states and invites the people of other areas towards Islam. Muhammad (PBUH) was succeeded from the reformers of his ummah and among these reformers were the founder of tableghi jammat, Molana Muhammad Ilyas Kandhalwi. This research paper will compare the difficulties of Muhammad's (PBUH) Da'wah with tableghi Jammat.
مکان کی تعمیرو تزئین کاتحقیقی جائزہ،تعلیمات نبویﷺ کی روشنی میں
Authors: . Dr. Abdul Qadoos , Razzaq Dr. Abdul
Published: December 2020

Islam is a way of life, and this has been reaffirmed through Al-Qur’an (the Word of God) and Al-Sunnah (the behavior & speech of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH); so the early traditional Muslims house follows certain Islamic principles as guidelines in architectural design. As a way of life, then the house should provide a complete living web that reflects the lifestyle of Muslims. An “Islamic house” means a house with the values of Islam which is started from good intentions, clear philosophy and then conceptualized until the completion and construction of the building. Referring to the history of Islamic architecture in the Islamic world, different styles could be seen in different regions as each particular region used its own indigenous regional from which was influenced by the interchange of culture traits, administration and intermarriage. Indeed, even the vernacular techniques, climate and local materials, also influenced the form of Islamic house architecture, which will be discussed in this paper through many examples of the traditional Islamic houses. This paper discusses aspects of architectural concepts in the early “Islamic house”. There are indeed many lessons to be learned from this concept and design. On the other hand, aspects of the Islamic concept of architecture is absent from almost all modern houses in the Islamic world for many reasons: rapid development, use of foreign materials, design methods, and construction systems all contribute to the absence of sustainability and spirituality in modern buildings. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the concept of the Islamic house and amplify awareness and implementation of Islamic measures in the design, construction, and education of architecture.
نوجوانوں میں خودکشی کا بڑھتا ہوا رجحان، اسباب اور اس کا حل سیرت طیبہ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Ramzan Dr. Shazia , Akbar Dr. Sabeen
Published: December 2020

Suicide is strictly forbidden in Islam. But now a days we can see that ratio of suicide is increasing day by day in our society and this increasing ratio of suicide is mostly among youngsters. Being an Islamic country and being Muslims, it is an alarming situation for all of us and a moment to stop and think that why our youth is involving in this haram act .We conducted a survey among youngsters. We constructed a questionnaire. We asked about the causes, factors increasing this trend, main cause and steps to reduce this ratio. Our respondents were young girls. So after filling questionnaire we came to know that one of the biggest cause of increasing trend of suicide is gap from Islamic Teachings. And some other causes are poverty, unemployment, laziness of parents in supervision of children, use of social media, and failure in exam. So at end we concluded that we follow Islamic teachings properly and spend our life according to the teaching of Islam then this ratio can be decreased. We used SPSS statistical package for the social sciences for analysis of this data.
انسانی معاشرہ کے باہمی تعلقات پر مبنی مذہبی ہم آہنگی کے نبوی اصول
Authors: Hayat Dr. Munazzah
Published: December 2020

All the teachings revealed in the preceding Holy books before Holy Prophet assumed prophethood were elaborated by the Prophet’s lifestyle. Prophet’s (SAW) Sunnah is a living interpretation for all the good deeds inscribed in the Holy books.Ethics is the core belief that was common among all the religions. Therefore, it is not surprising that all the prophets, including the first Prophet Hazrat Adam till the seal of prophets, Prophet Muhammad, preached truth ,justice, and equality.In the present day, arrogance, income inequality, social categorizations, violence and intolerance are the main reasons for the downfall of a society.Prophet Muhammad advised against haughtiness and arrogance from his time. He preached equality and also forbade arrogance while also stating that divisions among the humans should be minimizes in order to maintain peace.  In the present day, religious violence and intolerance is the reason for corruption and dissension. During his lifetime when the Muslim community was formed, Prophet demonstrated that for a peaceful society, it was extremely essential to be receptive, tolerant and generous towards Non-Muslims while also giving the non-Muslims the freedom to practice their own religions freely.The following article analyses the basic factors that play an important role in the formation of a peaceful and harmonious society in the light of Seert un Nabi.