bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Filosofia afroperspectivista: por uma episteme do pensamento negro-brasileiro
Authors: Puke Natalia , Camargo Maria Rosa Rodrigues Martins de
Published: November 2024

O artigo busca esboçar uma epistemologia do pensamento negro-brasileiro, utilizando o conceito de “Filosofia afroperspectivista” de Renato Noguera, com foco nas inscrições das cosmovisões africanas que se manifestam nas culturas afro-brasileiras. As autoras propõem identificar os principais eixos simbólicos das matrizes africanas, com ênfase nas tradições bantu e nagô. A metodologia envolve a articulação entre análise conceitual, revisão bibliográfica e aplicação de uma filosofia que busca criar conceitos que revelem as forças e manifestações do pensamento negro-africano no Brasil. Sob esses aspectos, este trabalho apresenta como resultado uma encruzilhada conceitual acerca do universo narrativo presente nas manifestações culturais afro-brasileiras, a fim de coreografar uma “lógica” das macumbas, que nos possibilita reconhecer outras linguagens do conhecimento e outras ontologias, de modo a restabelecer outros modos de existência capazes de romper os limites delineados pela régua epistêmica do ocidente.
Encontrar escola: uma certa experiência possível
Authors: Freire Sulamita Inacio , Santos Maria
Published: November 2024

Este texto desloca a pensar escola como encontro que acontece a todo tempo e, portanto, incapturável, irrepresentável, irreproduzível. Trata-se da possibilidade de não antecipar o nome escola e, então, anunciar outras nomeações. Isso fazendo da sua metodologia uma escritura que emerge entre rastros do próprio movimento de escrita e rastros de experiências de ambas as autoras que convidam a pensar. Ele opera com ideias pós-fundacionais e pós-estruturais, dialogando, principalmente, com Macedo (2017; 2017a; 2019; 2019a), Lemos e Macedo (2022), Derrida (1991; 1994; 2010) e Haddock-Lobo (2013, 2013a; 2020; 2021) e mobiliza a defesa de que escola não se trata apenas da questão normativa do que cabe ao nome, mas, sim, do que confere reconhecimento às coisas que anunciamos a ela. Uma experimentação que se abre a agenciamentos inimagináveis ainda porvir, transbordando seu nome.
Territórios amazônicos e a formação de professores: rastros e sentidos cotidianos em disputa na feitura de uma experiência de pesquisa no estágio
Authors: Moura Maria Edeluza Ferreira Pinto de , Frangella Rita de Cássia Prazeres
Published: November 2024

O presente texto tem como objetivo socializar uma experiência de pesquisa desenvolvida em doutorado defendido em 2022; traz como objeto de estudo as feituras do estágio supervisionado na formação de professores e desenvolvidas pelo Programa Nacional de Formação de Professores para a Educação Básica (Parfor), ofertado pela Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), em um município do Estado do Amazonas. Teoricamente, sob um registro pós-estrutural, entende o currículo como enunciação cultural que se constrói com as significações e sentidos negociados na diferença; opera com o argumento de que a produção curricular é produção cultural. Na construção teórico-metodológica da pesquisa, defende-se a pesquisa como tradução, entendendo-a como produção discursiva que mobiliza e produz espaços de significações que são negociados na relação com a diferença e com o outro. Pretende-se contribuir com a discussão acerca da produção de políticas curriculares para a formação docente na região amazônica, considerando as criações contextuais dos sujeitos nas feituras cotidianas.
Uma formação acadêmica em cotutela Brasil-França em Ciência da Informação: adversidades e oportunidades
Authors: Nassif Mônica Erichsen , Silveira Antonio Claudio Jorge da , Paganelli Céline
Published: November 2024

O estudo conduzido entre a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, no Brasil e a Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier3 na França, no período de 2021 a 2024, examina a formação acadêmica em cotutela no campo da Ciência da Informação sobre uma tese que busca compreender e caracterizar informação e do conhecimento no contexto da Computação. O artigo objetiva responder como iniciar esta modalidade e assim explorar os procedimentos, as oportunidades e o enriquecimento proporcionado por uma dupla titulação. A pesquisa, baseada em metodologia qualitativa com estudo de caso e relato de experiência, discute elementos cruciais para a cooperação acadêmica, incluindo particularidades institucionais e burocráticas das universidades envolvidas. Os resultados preliminares revelam a dispersão de informações nos processos e as oportunidades de aquisição de conhecimento. Conclui-se que esses elementos são vitais para estudantes e instituições de ensino superior que buscam expandir seus horizontes acadêmicos.
Experimentações culturais cotidianas, diversidade, movimentos de resistência e criação: ou sobre outras éticas, estéticas, poéticas e políticas de vida
Authors: Carla Patrícia Acioli Lins , Carlos Eduardo Ferraço , Nilda Guimarães Alves
Published: November 2024

Apresentação do Dossiê Experimentações culturais cotidianas, diversidade, movimentos de resistência e criação: ou sobre outras éticas, estéticas, poéticas e políticas de vida.
Elogio do livro e do leitor: em evocação de José V. de Pina Martins
Authors: Nascimento Aires A.
Published: November 2024

Entre os prazeres intelectuais da experiência humana, poucos são os que se equiparam ao prazer do livro e da leitura. Transporta-nos para um mundo sem tempo, no qual podemos observar, sentir, aprender, tudo o que de melhor o género humano alguma vez pensou, sentiu, sonhou. É um mundo dotado de um fascínio permanente, que nos abre o passado e que nos alimenta e interpela no presente e nas nossas conjecturas sobre o futuro. Este livro é uma lição de erudição e de saber imenso. É uma viagem pela vida intelectual de dois renomados estudiosos e académicos, José V. de Pina Martins e Aires A. Nascimento, um mais dedicado aos primórdios do livro impresso e a autores do Renascimento, outro ao livro manuscrito e a autores medievais, vem como pela leitura dos clássicos, lenta, interiorizada, reflectida, no fundo, fonte de prazer supremo e de liberdade.
Learners’ Perspectives and Experiences on the Factors Influencing Speaking: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sumbul Sabiha , Prasad Neupane Bharat
Published: November 2024

This article reviews recent publications (n=23) on learners’ perspectives and experiences on the factors influencing speaking. We downloaded articles using keywords such as “improving speaking skills,” “learners’ experiences on improving speaking,” “factors influencing speaking,” and “learners' perception of the factors influencing speaking” from different databases like Google Scholar and ERIC. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework, we extracted findings from articles on learners’ perceptions and experiences on factors influencing speaking and methodological trends applied in the selected studies. First, we categorized factors affecting speaking performance into sociocultural, pedagogical, linguistic, and psychological as per the perspectives and experiences of the learners. Then, we conducted the methodological review. The review result showed that the selected articles employed qualitative approaches, questionnaires, and interviews for data collection and thematic analysis to interpret the data. The review indicated that few studies are conducted in the Nepali context focusing on the learners’ perspectives and experiences on the factors influencing speaking. The underrepresentation of these issues needs to be addressed to enable learners and instructors to develop effective strategies for enhancing speaking skills.
INTERCORRÊNCIAS NO PREENCHIMENTO DA REGIÃO NASAL COM ÁCIDO HIALURÔNICO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pacheco Gomes Dandara , Quiles Caroline Luísa
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Analisar as possíveis intercorrências causadas por aplicação de ácido hialurônico (AH), na região nasal, através de uma revisão da literatura. Métodos: Revisão de literatura narrativa dos artigos encontrados nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Google Acadêmico, nos últimos 10 anos, que abordassem a temática de preenchimento da região nasal com AH e intercorrências, que atendessem aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados/Revisão Bibliográfica: Foram observadas as principais intercorrências que são causadas com o uso de preenchedores de AH para corrigir as assimetrias do nariz. Dentre elas, foi possível observar que em sua maioria causam edemas momentâneos e hematomas leves. Apesar de ser um procedimento menos agressivo do que os procedimentos cirúrgicos, pode desencadear graves intercorrências como: necrose tecidual da região nasal e cegueira após oclusão vascular. Outro ponto de destaque é que, em sua grande maioria, os estudos utilizaram agulha como ferramenta para realizar o procedimento. Conclusão: O intuido do estudo é evidenciar os problemas que podem ser desencadeados com o procedimento de rinomodelação, embora as incidências destas intercorrências na literatura sejam baixas. Sendo os edemas e os hematomas as intercorrências mais frequentes, pode ser observados casos de oclusão vascular, necrose tecidual, granuloma e cegueira.
ABORDAGEM PARA ELEVAR SOBRANCELHAS COM FIOS DE POLIDIOXANONA
Authors: Saab Alessandra Maria , De Campos João Heli , Navarro Lorena Bortoloni , Cavalcanti Noemi Borgas de Góes , Souza Daniela Martins de
Published: November 2024

Background: rejuvenescimento facial usando o lifting e o redesenho dos tecidos moles é uma técnica minimamente invasiva que corrige a flacidez da pele e melhora o contorno tecidual. A parte óssea muda em decorrência do envelhecimento tornando a base óssea deficiente e estigmatizada. Os fios para lifting no combate à flacidez facial tendem a resultados naturais, recuperação rápida e uso de fios absorvíveis de polidioxanona (PDO) para estimulação de colágeno e suspensão tecidual. Objetivo: apresentar uma técnica de levantamento das sobrancelhas utilizando quatro fios PDO espiculados moldados, alterando vetores na inserção dos fios para melhorar a sustentação. Conclusão: A técnica apresentadusa o aproveitamento e alteração vetorial para elevar a tensão imediata dos tecidos resultando em melhor reposicionamento e fixação tecidual com estímulo de colágeno, melhorando a flacidez facial.
Trade Effects of Non-Tariff Barriers in Tanzania: A Case of the Dar es Salaam-Namanga Busy Border Trade Post
Authors: Morwa Balozi , Ndilito Netho
Published: November 2024

The main objective of this study is to examine and quantify the effects of Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) on cargo trade movement in Tanzania, focusing on the Dar es Salaam-Namanga Border Post. Specifically, the study aims to identify the main administrative or technical requirements along this trade route (both old and new), analyze the regularity of these requirements based on respondents’ feedback, and provide recommendations for mitigating NTBs. The study utilized an empirical survey design, collecting mostly qualitative data on border trade performance and perceived non-tariff barriers. The research was guided by economic theory and targeted formal and informal cross-border traders, transport companies, truck drivers, weighbridge attendants, and customs and revenue authorities. Data was collected through desk research, interviews, questionnaires, and stakeholder consultations. The Dar es Salaam-Namanga route was chosen for its importance as the busiest commercial corridor in the East African Community (EAC). The study employed both probability and non-probability sampling techniques, restricted to the Arusha-Namanga roadway. Four data collection methods were used: desk research, interviews, questionnaires, and stakeholder consultations. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis for qualitative information, and an econometric model based on Newton's gravitational equation (a modified gravity model) was used to quantify trade effects. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed for stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The model's predictive power was tested using an F-test, and it was verified to meet assumptions of linearity, homoscedasticity, and multicollinearity. The results revealed that roadblocks, customs clearance, permits, and road infrastructure significantly affected trade performance. Unethical practices at weighbridges, frequent police checks, and customs procedures lead to monetary losses and time delays for cross-border traders. Bribery, police checks, and unloading processes during inspections were identified as factors contributing to the perception of NTBs as costly and time-consuming. On a positive note, improved road conditions have reduced transportation costs by lowering vehicle repair expenses and decreasing travel time. The study concludes that there is a need for regional cooperation within the EAC to eliminate existing NTBs. It recommends streamlining administrative procedures and working hours at border points, and implementing monitoring systems to ensure the effective removal of unnecessary barriers to trade. These measures are essential to improving trade efficiency and promoting the goals of the re-established East African Community.
Unethical Practices in Tanzania Public Universities: Does Workload Matter?
Authors: Mwilongo Nivad H. , Kamugisha Denis , Kilugwe Zuena
Published: November 2024

Globally, the operations of universities rely on workload distribution. The extent to which the workload shouldered by employees is excessive or insufficient has implications for ethical behaviour and well-being in academic careers. This paper examined the effect of workload on unethical practices in Tanzanian public universities. Karasek's Job Demand-Control Model served as the foundation for the study. The quantitative research approach was utilized, and questionnaires were used for data gathering. The study adopted a correlational research design. The study gathered data from three public universities intending to reach 245 respondents sampled through stratified sampling who were administered questionnaires, and only a total of 209 respondents completed it. The collected data were considered for analysis through descriptive and inferential statistics. Meanwhile, STATA MP version 17 was used for analysis to conduct the multivariate regression model. The finding revealed workload has a significant positive effect on unethical practices, indicating that both excessive and insufficient workload contribute to unethical behaviour among academic staff. The study concluded that although workload in higher learning institutions is a lifeblood of curriculum implementation, it is not fairly distributed and thus affects both individual and organizational operations. Therefore, the study recommends that the universities should play a crucial role in developing and implementing internal workload policies that link with academic integrity to foster high-quality services in university operations.
Der Einfluss von Aktionären auf die Geschäftsführung
Authors: Stritzke Kerstin
Published: November 2024

Die Monographie widmet sich der übergeordneten Forschungsfrage, ob sich das Kompetenzgefüge der AG unter aktuellen Einflüssen dahingehend entwickelt hat, dass den Aktionären nunmehr eine stärkere Einflussnahme auf Geschäftsführungsfragen ermöglicht wird – was eine Annäherung an das Kompetenzgefüge der GmbH bedeutete. Dabei wird ergründet, ob diese Einflüsse verdeutlichen, dass eine Stärkung der Aktionärsrechte die AG als Gesellschaftsform attraktiver – und gegenüber der GmbH wettbewerbsfähiger – machen könnte. Aufbauend auf einer detaillierten Analyse der Kompetenzverteilung der GmbH und AG liefert das Buch einen umfassenden Rechtsformvergleich zwischen GmbH und AG sowie einen Vergleich zwischen österreichischem und deutschem Kapitalgesellschaftsrecht. Dabei werden zahlreiche Einzelfragen aus dem GmbH- und Aktienrecht beantwortet. Daran anschließend wird untersucht, ob aktuelle Einflüsse wie Shareholder Activism oder die Aktionärsrechterichtlinie im Widerspruch zum gesetzlichen Leitbild der AG stehen und tatsächlich auf eine Änderung des traditionellen Kompetenzgefüges abzielen. Die gesetzten Forschungsschwerpunkte sind nicht zuletzt wegen der anhaltenden Diskussion über die Einführung eines aktienrechtlichen Weisungsrechts zugunsten der Hauptversammlung und über eine mögliche Wahl zwischen monistischem und dualistischem System von höchster Aktualität.
Surveying the vascular flora of the Iberian Central Range: a critical checklist of the Ávila province flora
Authors: Luceño Modesto , Rogelio Sánchez-Villegas  , Begoña Quirós-de-la-Peña  , Manuel Sánchez-Villegas  , José Luis robles Fernández  , Francisco J. de Sande Velicia  , Víctor Javier Marugán  , Alberto Arribas Martín  , José Antonio López Sáez  , Rico Enrique , Enrique Maguilla
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Despite its proximity to cities with important botanical institutions such as Madrid and Salamanca, and its location between important mountain ranges (Gredos and Malagón mountain ranges), the flora of the province of Ávila had not been studied comprehensively until now. In this article, we present the first checklist of the vascular flora of this province, which is the result of a thorough critical bibliographic review, numerous field trips, and the study of materials preserved in Iberian herbaria, mainly those that house the majority of the collections made in the province. The taxonomic and nomenclatural treatment takes into account the results of the latest monographic works and, particularly, the molecular phylogeny studies conducted over three decades. These studies have substantially changed the classification to align it with the evolutionary processes that have contributed to the current plant biodiversity. We have accepted a total of 1960 taxa (species and subspecies), with 1797 considered native and 163 introduced. Additionally, we present the floristic spectrum of the province and the state of conservation of its flora. All of this is discussed in light of the data provided by the complete checklists available from neighbouring provinces. For each taxon, we highlight its presence or absence in the three ecological regions into which we have divided the province (La Moraña region, Sierra de Gredos, and Sierra de Malagón). Where necessary, we provide observations regarding its distribution, taxonomy, or nomenclature. Notably, we include the genus Exaculum in Schenkia, leading us to propose a new nomenclatural combination.
Academic Governance and Innovation Ecosystem in Chongqing: The Impact of Local Policies on R and D
Authors: Junfeng Si  , Qun Kuang  , Fengying Guo
Published: November 2024

In order to improve the level of academic governance in Chongqing and build a good innovation ecosystem, this paper carries out correlation analysis from the perspective of local policies and research findings and obtains first-hand data in the form of questionnaires. Then, the internal relationship among academic governance, innovation ecosystem, and overall development of R&D is found, and the following assumptions are put forward. Academic governance in Chongqing can promote the improvement of the R&D level, and the innovation ecosystem is the objective environment for the development of R&D institutions in Chongqing University. Local policies, academic governance, and innovation ecosystem are the influencing factors for the development of R&D institutions. The results show that academic governance and innovation ecosystem will promote the development of R&D, and local policies are the main influencing factors, which will play a directional role in the normal development of R&D. Therefore, local governments should formulate academic governance policies and create a good normal environment for innovation.
Eksplorasi Pemikiran Ekonomi Islam Al-Maqrizi terhadap Konsep Uang dan Inflasi
Authors: Azizah Andi Tenri Gading Nurul , Abdulahanaa Abdulahanaa
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemikiran ekonomi Al-Maqrizi tentang uang dan inflasi serta dampaknya dalam konteks sejarah dan ekonomi Islam. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan studi tokoh, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari karya-karya Al-Maqrizi serta tinjauan literatur terkait. Analisis data dilakukan melalui content analysis untuk menarik kesimpulan yang komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Al-Maqrizi membahas peran uang dan inflasi dengan sangat mendalam, mengaitkannya dengan faktor alamiah dan kesalahan manusia seperti korupsi dan kebijakan pemerintah yang buruk. Konsep uang menurut Al-Maqrizi mencakup implikasi penciptaan mata uang yang buruk dan konsep daya beli uang. Teori inflasi yang dikemukakan Al-Maqrizi mengklasifikasikan inflasi menjadi alamiah dan kesalahan manusia, dengan memperhatikan aspek penciptaan mata uang, daya beli uang, serta dampak pajak dan sirkulasi uang. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran Al-Maqrizi tentang uang dan inflasi memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam pemahaman fenomena ekonomi, terutama dalam konteks sejarah dan ekonomi Islam. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya memperhatikan faktor alamiah dan kesalahan manusia dalam memahami inflasi, serta relevansinya dalam konteks ekonomi modern.
PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN PROMOSI JABATAN TERHADAP SEMANGAT KERJA PEGAWAI PADA PENGADILAN AGAMA PALEMBANG
Authors: Rosadianti Widyta , Valianti Reva Maria , Damayanti Reina
Published: November 2024

This research aims to test the hypothesis of the influence of career development and promotion on employee morale at the Palembang religious courts. The population in this study was all employees at the Palembang religious courts totaling 71 employees. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, which means a technique for determining samples with certain considerations. The sample taken in this research was based on the number of Civil Servants (PNS) at the Palembang religious court, which was 54 employees. The collection method uses questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques use simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination analysis, t hypothesis test and F hypothesis test with the help of SPSS 22. The results of the hypothesis test conclude that simultaneously there is a significant influence on the variables of career development and job promotion on morale Work. This can be seen from the F test, namely 0.000 < 0.05, which means that all independent variables jointly influence the dependent variable.
ANALISIS PENETAPAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI PADA PT BARATA INDONESIA (PERSERO)
Authors: Octaviyah Dwi Nazilah , Yuliati Anik
Published: November 2024

The cost of production has an important role in the company's decision-making process such as determining the selling price and evaluation.  Each company certainly has its own way of determining the COGS for the products it produces. This study aims to determine and explain the methods used by PT Barata Indonesia (Persero) in determining the cost of goods manufactured, as well as to determine the grouping of costs used in the calculation of cost of goods manufactured. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results showed that PT Barata Indonesia (Persero) calculated COGS using the full costing method and collected costs using the job order costing method. There are differences in COGS calculation format and cost grouping. At PT Barata Indonesia (Persero), overheat costs are divided into machine costs, other overhead costs, subcontract costs, and BPTL, while in theory there is only one overhead cost group. The difference in cost grouping is in the grouping of auxiliary material costs and the grouping of transportation or shipping costs.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Puspitaningrum Dina Intan , Africa Laely Aghe
Published: November 2024

Environmental damage is increasing and spreading in Indonesia. Companies, as one of the parties contributing to environmental damage, must fulfill their responsibility in managing the environment, which can be done through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an activity carried out by companies to fulfill their social responsibility in relation to the company's operations. This study aims to examine the effect of institutional ownership, audit committee, company size, and public ownership on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The population used in this study consists of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017–2019, with a total of 37 companies. Purposive sampling was used to obtain 241 companies that were sampled for the study. The data used were in the form of annual reports published by these companies and were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that company size has an effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Meanwhile, institutional ownership, audit committee, and public ownership have no effect on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).
Facial Hirsutism as Side Effect of Oral Retinoids Among Females
Authors: Saima Rahman  , Nisar Uddin  , Zia Ul Haq  , Nadia Sultan  , Tabassum Imran
Published: November 2024

Background: Oral retinoids remain the most effective treatment for severe acne which is a multifactorial chronic skin disease causing extreme reduction in quality of life. Retinoids long list of side effects includes xerosis, cheilitis, photosensitivity & pigmentation. Data regarding the relationship between retinoids & facial hair is scarce. The relationship needs to be identified & addressed as facial hair again is cause of decrease in quality of life.Objective: To determine the facial hirsutism as a side effect of oral retinoids among females.Materials and Methods: Data for the study was collected from 300 female patients visiting Dermatology OPD of Saidu Group of Taching Hospitals, Swat, during the year 2020. Demographic data was collected from the patients. Patients with severe acne were included in the study and they were put on oral retinoids 0.5mg/kg day for four whole months. The rationale was to understand the prevalence of appearance of facial hair in these patients as new entity.Results: The study was completed by 300 female patients having severe acne and were started by oral retinoids and follow ups made monthly for 4 months. The results of the study show that facial hair appearance was highest (43.43%) in age group 30-35 years and lowest (3.03%) in age group, 36-41%. Of total 300, 99 (33%) got facial hirsutism and 201 (67%) had no facial hair.Conclusion: This study highlights facial hirsutism as a significant and frequently observed side effect among 33% of 300 female patients on oral retinoids for severe acne, while other adverse effects were well tolerated without requiring treatment discontinuation. Further research is essential to explore hirsutism in larger patient cohorts.Keywords: Acne Vulgaris, Hirsutism, Retinoids
Factors Leading to Late Presentation of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction for Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Muhammad Saleem Awan  , Zia Ullah Khan  , Matiullah Khan  , Muhammad Furrakh Maqbool  , Muhammad Abdul Rauf  , Shaista Jalil  , Muhammad Yousuf Daud
Published: November 2024

Background: ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a major cardiac emergency caused by total coronary artery obstruction, requiring immediate intervention to save myocardium and avoid sequelae. Streptokinase-assisted thrombolysis is still a practical and affordable option even as primary PCI develops. A number of reasons contribute to late presentation for thrombolysis, which highlights the need of removing obstacles to timely treatment in STEMI cases. Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to identify factors that lead to late presentation of patients with STEMI.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for seven months between 15 June 2021 and 15 January 2022 in the Cardiology Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. A total of 142 patients who presented at least after 12 hours of their initial symptom of chest pain were included in the study using Non-probability purposive sampling technique. Results: According to study results, the following reasons may contribute to a patient's delayed presentation after a STEMI: lack of symptom awareness (30.3%), absence of an initial ECG (19.7%), patient reluctance (23.3%), remote residence (9.8%), and misreading of the ECG (16.9%). For prompt STEMI management and better results, removing these obstacles is essential.Conclusion: This study highlights the main factors that could lead to late hospital presentation of patients with STEMI for thrombolytic therapy. For prompt action and better results, it is imperative to address problems such misinterpreting ECG readings, delayed ECG assessment, patient resistance, and geographic barriers.Keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG), Non-ST elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), ST-segment elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), Streptokinase
Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Chronic Wound Healing
Authors: Bilal Dildar  , Syed Mukarram Hussain  , Shandana Mumtaz  , Muhammad Aiman Waleed Khan  , Waleed Niazi  , Junaid Tahir Butt
Published: November 2024

Background: Chronic wounds, such as diabetic ulcers, bedsores, and other non-healing wounds, have long been a complex and persistent challenge in healthcare. Chronic wounds often result from a breakdown in the intricate cascade of tissue repair, with a multitude of factors contributing to their non-healing nature. Platelet-Rich Plasma has emerged as a ray of hope in the realm of chronic wound management.Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) as a therapeutic intervention for chronic wounds, particularly in patients with underlying health conditions.Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the General Surgery OPD in Tertiary Care Hospital, Kamra, from September 29th, 2022, to October 29th, 2023. The study comprised 100 outpatients divided into two groups: Group A and Group B. Patients aged 4570 years with chronic wounds associated with various chronic diseases were included. PRP preparation involved a dual spin centrifugation method, and Group A received PRP injections, while Group B underwent standard wound care. Wound healing was assessed on days 0, 3, 7, and 14, considering granulation tissue, epithelialization and wound size. Pain and discomfort levels were also recorded using 10-point numerical pain scale by asking the patients to rate their pain from 1 to 10.Results: Group A showed significant improvements in granulation tissue, epithelialization and wound size reduction. In contrast, Group B exhibited limited progress with minimal changes in granulation tissue, epithelialization along with modest wound size reduction.Conclusion: The study underscores the potential efficacy of PRP in chronic wound management, emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and continued research. The comprehensive approach, including patient demographics, wound bed preparation, and assessment parameters, contributes valuable insights to patient-centric chronic wound management strategies.Keywords: Chronic wounds, Dual spin centrifugation, Platelet-Rich Plasma, Standardized protocols, Therapeutic intervention, Wound healing.
Functional and Occlusal Discrepancy in Mandibular Condyle Fractures Treated with Closed Reduction and Immobilization
Authors: Syeda Masooma  , Akhtar Ali  , Ismail  , Taran Kumar  , Hanif Ullah  , Salma Rahman
Published: November 2024

Background: Condylar fractures, a common type of mandibular fractures, require meticulous consideration in selecting the appropriate treatment approach. Among the available choices, conservative management has proven to be a valuable strategy for specific cases. Objective: To ascertain the frequency of postoperative functional and occlusal discrepancies in condylar fracture patients managed conservatively. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 183 patients, in accordance with our designated sample size. Diagnosis of condylar fractures was confirmed through radiographs, including orthopantomograms and posterior-anterior views. Reduction and immobilization were performed using eyelet loop wiring for 3 to 4 weeks. Clinical assessment of malocclusion and mouth opening was conducted post-immobilization, with mouth opening measured as interincisal distance using a ruler. Chi-square tests were conducted to assess the association of mouth opening and malocclusion with age, gender, and fracture type. Results: The mean age was 44 years ± 10.37, and the average mouth opening measured 35 ± 2.12 mm. Gender-wise, 38 (20.76%) patients were identified as female, while 145 (79.23%) were male. Regarding the type of condylar fracture, 148 (80.87%) patients had unilateral fractures, and 35 (19.12%) exhibited bilateral fractures. No significant associations were observed between mouth opening and malocclusion with age, gender, or fracture type. Conclusion: Conservative management through closed reduction and immobilization for unilateral and bilateral condylar head fractures yields superior functional and radiographic outcomes. Keywords: Bilateral condylar fractures, Malocclusion, Unilateral condylar fractures.
Frequency of Ipsilateral Neck and Shaft of Femur Fracture at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sajid Akhtar  , Muzammil Ahmad Shah  , Asghar Khan  , Fazl-e-Subhan  , Naeemuallah
Published: November 2024

Background: The ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft had a high rate of miss-diagnosing. The incidence of femoral neck and shaft fracture in adult is 10 times higher than the children and adolescent. Femoral neck fracture is a public health problem; the incidence of femoral neck fracture is increasing due to increase in road traffic accident. These fractures are often caused by high-energy trauma such as roadside accidents, falls from height, and sports injuries.Objectives: The study aims to find out the incidence of ipsilateral femoral neck in femur shaft fracture in a tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Center Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital Swat-The study included 227 patients presented to trauma and emergency unit at Saidu group of teaching Hospital Swat (SGTH) with shaft of femur fracture between January 15, 2023 to January 14, 2024 (One-year duration). Results: Out of the 227 subjects with a shaft of femur fracture, 160 presented with this fracture due to road traffic accidents, 51 after a history of falls, and 16 subjects due to other trauma. Among the total patients, 28 (12.30%) had an additional ipsilateral neck of femur (NOF) fracture, including 19 males and 9 females. Out of these 28 patients, 21 were associated with road traffic accidents, 5 with a history of falls, and the remaining 2 with other traumas. The occurrence of concurrent shaft of femur and NOF fractures was most common in the age group of 10-30 years.Conclusion: With around 12.30% of cases showing this dual injury, using advanced imaging like CT scans or MRI alongside thorough clinical assessment is crucial to avoid missed diagnoses and complications. By doing so, clinicians can improve diagnostic accuracy, ensure timely treatment, and enhance patient care.Keywords: Fracture, Femur bone, History of Fall, Incidence, Neck of femur, Road Traffic Accident, Shaft of femur, Trauma.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Zinc and Boron Oxide-Modified Bioactive Glass for Dental Applications
Authors: Mehreen Imran  , Saira Khalid  , Hina Rehman  , Munazzah Ejaz  , Bilal Zaman Babar  , Aiman Khan  , Nawshad Muhammad  , Sahibzada Ammar Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Background: Dental Composites despite being the leading aesthetic direct restorative materials have a short life expectancy due to failure at tooth restoration interface. The restorative materials and techniques used in dentistry are not able to immediately remineralize nor protect demineralized dentin nor improve on the poorly resin-infiltrated hybrid layer.Objective: To characterize and assess the cellular viability of proprietary bioactive glass (BAG) modified with zinc oxide and boron oxide BAG, prepared through molten salt ion exchange method.Materials and Methods: Commercial available 45S5 bioactive glass (XL Sci-Tech.USA) was modified by adding zinc acetate and boric acid separately in 10 and 20 wt %. The powder was annelid at 400 °C for 1 h in a glass furnace. After drying the powder was sifted through 100 µm fine sieve. The XRD, FTIR, EDX and SEM of both commercial and experimentally modified BAG were carried out to characterize the powder before and after storage in SBF for 7 days. Cell vitality was assessed using MTT assay at three different concentrations (10µg/ml, 50µg/ml and 100µg/ml) in alpha MEM media from a stock solution of 10mg/ml.Results: SEM, EDX, XRD and FTIR confirmed hydroxyapatite after 7 day soaking in SBF. In vitro cell vitality was confirmed through MTT easy. Maximal cell vitality was shown at in 2ZA group (106.5%). While comparing the MTT easy results, multiple pair t-test were found to be statistically non-significant (P < .05).Conclusion: The present study molten salt ion exchange method successfully modified BAG. The modified BAG displayed enhanced bioactivity after 7 day soaking in SBF. MTT easy showed improve in-vitro cell vitality, with highest cell proliferation such that 2ZA >1BAwith1ZA>1BA. Keywords: Bioactive glass, Bioactivity, Boron Oxide, MTT easy, Surface modifications, Zinc Oxide
Knowledge of Osteoporosis Prevention among Community Health Workers of National Program for Family Planning and Primary Healthcare
Authors: Suhail Ahmed  , Wassan Shafi Muhammad , Jamil Ahmed  , Bashir Saba , Huma Shafqat , Jamali Anwar Ali
Published: November 2024

Background: Osteoporosis is a bone disease that weakens bones and leads to fractures. Identifying Lady Health workers' (LHWs) knowledge gaps is critical in designing appropriate training for LHWs to improve osteoporosis outcomes.Objective: To assess lady health workers' knowledge and misconceptions regarding Osteoporosis prevention in Pakistan.Materials and Methods: All LHWs of Sindh province enrolled in the LHWs Programme were considered relevant study populations. A cross-sectional survey was done from July 2023 through December 2023. The LHWs were selected using a simple random sampling technique, and a validated Osteoporosis Prevention and Awareness Tool (OPAAT) was adopted from a previous study. The data was gathered from a representative sample of 395 LHWs. Data was entered online on Google Forms and analyzed using SPSS version 28. Study findings were presented in frequency and percentage. The Chi-square test was used to show an association between socio-demographic and osteoporosis prevention and misconception.Results: The survey response rate was 96%. The study found that 129 (32.65%) LHWs had low knowledge, 192 (48.61%) had average knowledge, and 74 (18.7%) had a good understanding of osteoporosis prevention and awareness. The community worker's socio-demographic features revealed a substantial representation of adults aged 29-38 years (36%), married (63%), with middle-class education levels (52%), and in the postmenopausal stage (45%). The study found a statistically significant association between higher levels of knowledge and academic qualification (p < 0.01).Conclusion: The study discovered that most participants had an average understanding of osteoporosis prevention and held incorrect attitudes. The current research recommends a multidimensional approach considering socio-demographic and educational factors in bridging the LHWs' knowledge gap.Keywords: Lady Health Workers, OPAAT Score, Osteoporosis Prevention.
Decoding Fetal Growth: Exploring Proximal Tibial Epiphysis Ossification Center as an Additional Sonographic Fetal Biometry Parameter (34-40 Weeks Gestation)
Authors: Jawad Hussain Qamber  , Mussarat Bano  , Nadia Majeed  , Imran Abbas  , Saadia Sajjad  , Farwa Jawad
Published: November 2024

Background: Many times, pregnant women don't know when they last had their period. Determining gestational age becomes extremely difficult when late booking for prenatal care is added. Study was conducted to ascertain the predictive values of proximal tibial epiphyseal ossification center measurements in estimating pregnancy in the third trimester.Objectives: To assess correlation between proximal tibial epiphysis ossification center diameter with respect to gestational age, from 34 weeks to 40 weeks of gestation. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out at Sughra Shafi medical complex, Narowal for a period of 9 months. Total 281 pregnant females were considered in this study which were within 34 weeks to 40 weeks of gestational age, with no-comorbidity and sure of their last menstrual period (LMP). An informed consent was taken. Measurement was repeated thrice, after confirming the proximal tibial epiphyseal ossification center and the largest diameter obtained in millimeters was recorded. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to see correlation between distal femoral epiphyseal ossification size and gestational age.Results: There is an increasing trend of the size of PTE ossification center (mm) as the gestational age proceeded from 34 weeks to 40 weeks. Pearson Correlation was applied. It was statistically significant indicating positive correlation indicated by coefficient of 1.Conclusion: In the third trimester, estimation of age of gestation by measuring the PTE is a reliable diagnostic tool in patients unsure of LMP as PTE appears in majority of patients by 34 weeks.Keywords: Gestational age, Last menstrual period, Ossification center, Proximal tibial epiphysis
Choosing Right Statistical Test for Data Analysis
Authors: Umar Hussain  , Farhad Ali Khattak
Published: November 2024

In scientific research, selecting the appropriate statistical test is crucial for accurate data analysis and valid inference. They allow researchers to make informed inferences about populations, quantify uncertainty, test hypotheses, identify relationships, and provide evidence-based support for decisions. By rigorously evaluating data, statistical tests enhance the credibility and generalizability of research findings. This process is guided by several key steps, including the type of data collected, the research design, and the assumptions underlying statistical tests.
Enabling the Deaf to Hear
Authors: Mahid Iqbal
Published: November 2024

Cochlea is a spiral shaped cavity, filled with fluid found in inner layer of the ear.1 It is vital in hearing process and auditory transduction, converting auditory received signals to neural impulses. People with hearing loss or impairment due to inner ear damage, even not able to hear properly with hearing aides, are fit cases for cochlear implant (CI). It is a device implemented to be used as sound processor, fitted behind the ear, receiving sound from outside. The sound signals are sent to the receiver, placed under the skin, to the electrodes in the cochlea. The received signals trigger cochlear nerve, sending the signals to the brain, hence sound is heard.
Multigravidae and Iron Deficiency Anemia: First Visit Statistics
Authors: Gulnaz  , Nasreen Kishwar  , Rabeea Sadaf  , Rukhsana Karim  , Shazia Tabassum
Published: November 2024

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a global public health concern, affecting individuals across the lifespan with 50% to 75% cases of anemia affecting pregnancy.Objective: To determine the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia in multigravidae at their first booking visit.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, a total of 310 patients were enrolled. The study included multigravidae of reproductive age and excluded those with hemoglobinopathy, recent blood transfusions and medical disorders during pregnancy.Results: Our study showed that among 310 patients, mean age was 31±13.91. Mean Hemoglobin level was 11 g/dl ±10.53. Mean S.Ferritin was 27±14.73 .72% of patients had iron deficiency anemia.Conclusion: Our study concludes that the incidence of iron deficiency anemia was found to be 72% in multigravida at their first booking visit in our setup.Keywords: Hemoglobin(Hb), Iron deficiency anemia, Multigravida,
Assessment of Tumor Budding in Colorectal Carcinoma by Cytokeratin Staining
Authors: Zainab Taj  , Umm-e-Farwa  , Rehana Ramzan
Published: November 2024

Background: Tumor budding has been receiving increasing recognition in many studies, as an important independent prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In histopathological reporting of CRC, it is defined as the presence of single tumor cell or small clusters of up to 4 cells in the advancing edge of the tumor stroma.Objectives: We aim to determine the frequency of tumor budding by cytokeratin staining, in relation to the depth of invasion, lymph node involvement, perineural invasion and tumor grade in colorectal carcinoma.MaterialS and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out from November 2022 till April 2023. During these six months, 62 hemi-colectomy specimens of colorectal carcinoma, received in histopathology lab were included in this study. The samples belonged to the patients who were biopsy proven cases of colorectal carcinoma and those who were not given any pre-operative therapy. The age range was from 20 to 80 years including both genders. After processing the tumor sections were examined under microscope, on both conventional stains and the Pan-Cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) stain. The results were interpreted by consultant histopathologists for tumor budding score. Tumor buds less than 10 per high power field was considered as low score. 10 and more buds per high power field were considered as high score.Results: When tumor grade and depth of invasion was compared to tumor budding score, the comparison was not statistically significant with p value of 0.06 and 0.937 respectively, whereas its relationship with lymph node involvement and perineural invasion was found to be statistically highly significant with p value of < 0.001.Conclusion: This study concluded that tumor budding has a statistically significant relationship with lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion, but not with tumor grade and depth of invasion (T stage).Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma, Drade, Lymph node, Pan-cytokeratin, Perineural invasion, Stage.