bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fumigation of Insect-Infested Wooden Logs by EDN Using Two Scenarios of Plastic Tent-Tarpaulin Sealing: Wooden Logs Stacks Placed on Bottom Plastic Sheets or Directly on Underlying Soil
Authors: Hnatek Jonas , Stejskal Vaclav , Vendl Tomas , Aulicky Radek , Malkova Jarmila , Zouhar Miloslav
Published: December 2021

Recently, the largest bark beetle calamity (Ips typographus) of the last 100 years has erupted in Central Europe, including the Czech Republic. This calamity may threaten the sustainability of growing large areas of monoculture Norway spruce (Picea abies) in this area. Limited economically feasible physical and chemical pest control options are available to prevent the bark beetle spread. However, from these options, only mechanical bark removal or gas-insecticide fumigation result in instant deactivation of all pest stages throughout the entire stack of stored logs. Due to the ban on the use of methyl bromide (MeBr) for the fumigation of log piles under tarpaulin, the adaptation of the phyto-quarantine method EDN to the destruction of I. typographus bark beetles in harvested wood directly in forests was newly proposed in the Czech Republic. The methodical experience with fumigation of the harvested logs, however, was only available for wood fumigation in chambers or in tent-tarps fumigation placed on paved (concrete/asphalt) surfaces mainly in ship harbors. Prior to the introduction of the new EDN fumigation method of bark beetle infested wood stored directly in the forests, it was initially unclear whether it was necessary to use or neglect bottom sheets to optimize exposure and maximize Ct products for the permitted fixed initial dose (50 g·m−3). Therefore, the initial validation pilot trials were aimed at the estimation and comparison of EDN temporal dynamics and Ct products under real forest conditions and two fumigation scenarios: Wooden log pile placed on bottom plastic sheets or directly on soil without the bottom sheets. Field trials were performed under both identical as well as different environmental conditions. In addition, they revealed that the concentration decrease was significantly faster and Ct products were significantly lower in the case of trials without the bottom sheets. The experiments indicated high EDN sorption by the uncovered soil under the tent. Quantitatively, the average Ct product was 4.8 (identical conditions) and 3.7 (different conditions) times lower in EDN trials without the bottom sheets when compared to the use of bottom sheets. The initial field-forest fumigation validation trials indicated a necessity to carry out EDN fumigation under tent-tarps also using bottom sheets, although this fumigation procedure increases the labor-demands to some extent. Based on the presented results and additional data, the Czech authority issued for the EDN plant protection product an authorization for the limited and controlled use of wooden logs. Therefore, this work became the basis of the historically and first officially authorized use of any fumigant for pest control under commercial forest conditions.
Guidelines for Citizen Engagement and the Co-Creation of Nature-Based Solutions: Living Knowledge in the URBiNAT Project
Authors: Nunes Nathalie , Björner Emma , Hilding-Hamann Knud Erik
Published: December 2021

Participation and citizen engagement are fundamental elements in urban regeneration and in the deployment of nature-based solutions (NBS) to advance sustainable urban development. Various limitations inherent to participatory processes concerning NBS for inclusive urban regeneration have been addressed, and lessons have been learnt. This paper investigates participation and urban regeneration and focuses on the development of guidelines for citizen engagement and the co-creation of NBS in the H2020 URBiNAT project. The methodology first involves the collection of scientific and practical input on citizen engagement from a variety of stakeholders, such as researchers and practitioners, to constitute a corpus of qualitative data. This input is then systematized into guideline categories and serves as the basis for a deeper analysis with researchers, experts, and practitioners, both inside and outside URBiNAT, and in dialogue with other cases of participatory NBS implementation. The results highlight an ‘ecology of knowledges’ based on a ‘living’ framework, which aims to address the specific needs of various segments of citizens and to match citizen engagement to the participatory cultures of cities. Implications and further research are also discussed, with a special focus on the implementation of NBS. The conclusions broaden the research context to include the refinement of the NBS approach, with participation being seen as both a means and an end.
Understanding the Impacts of Chinese Undergraduate Tourism Students’ Professional Identity on Learning Engagement
Authors: Yu Fenglong , Chen Qian , Hou Bing
Published: December 2021

Under the background of higher education reform, undergraduate tourism students’ professional identity may play an important role in affecting students’ learning engagement and the sustainable development of tourism higher education. Data were collected from 551 Chinese undergraduate tourism students to investigate the potential relationships between professional identity and learning engagement. Based on the theory of social identity, professional identity is perceived as a progressive, dynamic process including professional cognition, professional appraisal, and professional emotion. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), and the findings confirmed that professional identity was in positive correlation with employee engagement. Furthermore, the results showed that professional cognition has positive influences on professional appraisal, professional emotion, and learning engagement, and professional appraisal has positive influences on professional emotion and learning engagement. In addition, the mediating effects of professional appraisal and professional emotion between professional cognition and learning engagement were analyzed, respectively. This study contributes to the understanding of the impacts of tourism students’ professional identity on learning engagement. Both theoretical and practical implications are provided.
Leveraging Smart Contract in Project Procurement through DLT to Gain Sustainable Competitive Advantages
Authors: Özkan Evin , Azizi Neda , Haass Omid
Published: December 2021

Project delivery on time, with agreed quality and assigned budget, is the desire of project-based companies. Time, quality, and cost are determinants of project success; however, organisations suffer from achieving these three success criteria at the same time. Failures in project delivery cause the loss of the competitive advantage. The recent digital technologies introduce smart contracts to supply chain (SC) operations for improving SC processes. Project procurement is the area for smart contract implementation to deliver successful projects and gain sustainable competitive advantages. The aim of this study was in explaining how smart contracts benefit project organisations through project procurement. Qualitative research design guided this research with phenomenology. Semi-structured interviews generated the data. The obtained research data were analysed with thematic, textual, and discourse analysis. Published industry reports were used to triangulate the data. This study demonstrated an integrated relationship model to answer the research question. The research findings initially identified the fact that smart contracts improve procurement efficiency through cost, time, and quality. Secondly, smart contracts build a trust-less platform where reliability is delivered and reinforced with transparency, traceability, and security. This study found that enhanced procurement efficiency and reliability meet requirements to gain sustainable competitive advantages. This study intends to contribute to industry practices and future research. The correlation of project procurement management success, smart contracts, and sustainable competitive advantages are expected to guide feature research and business practices.
Co-Producing a Social Impact Assessment with Affected Communities: Evaluating the Social Sustainability of Redevelopment Schemes
Authors: Colombo Cecilia , Devenyns Alice , Manzini Ceinar Irene , Sendra Pablo
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the role of social impact assessment (SIA) as a tool to evaluate the social sustainability of council estate redevelopment or regeneration. The paper first revises the evolution of the concept of SIA in recent years, arguing that it should be included as a core part of the planning approval process to enhance community-centred planning decision-making practices, as claimed by the Just Space network in London. To contribute to this argument, the paper explores how to co-produce an SIA with those communities that are potentially affected by the scheme. We use as a case study William Dunbar and William Saville houses, two housing blocks located in South Kilburn Estate, London Borough of Brent, which are planned to be demolished as part of a large estate redevelopment scheme. The paper uses a diversity of participatory action research methods to co-produce an SIA with residents from the two housing blocks. From the experience of co-producing an SIA with residents, the paper comes out with three sets of findings and contributions. Firstly, the paper provides findings on the impact that demolishing the homes and re-housing residents would have on residents. Secondly, from these findings, the paper contributes to the argument that SIA should be incorporated into the planning system, but they should be co-produced with residents and carefully applied rather than becoming another box-ticking exercise. Thirdly, the paper provides very relevant methodological contributions on how to co-produce the SIA with those potentially affected.
Successful Completion of an International Project of the Department of Natural Sciences at New Bulgarian University
Authors: Pilarska Daniela , Schafellner Christa , Hoch Gernot , Georgieva Margarita , Georgiev Georgi , Mirchev Plamen
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of a successfully completed international project of the Department of Natural Sciences titled “Monitoring and identification of the entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga maimaiga in Lymantria dispar populations” and funded by the National Research Fund in 2017-2019. Investigating the distribution of E. maimaiga in Austria and Bulgaria in 2018-2019 shows that the pathogen has expanded its range to the west and reached Lower Austria. E. maimaiga has been identified in Bulgaria as well and has become part of the natural enemy complex of L. dispar.
About some measures of prevention of criminal violation of labor protection requirements
Authors: Sementsova I.A.
Published: December 2021

The number of crimes in the field of labor protection (Article 143 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) still remains at a high level in our country. In the article the author suggests some measures to prevent this act. The author considers measures to optimize the management of labor protection, which have proven themselves well in a number of foreign countries. These include: training employees in labor protection rules, investing money to maintain equipment in proper condition, etc. However, there is a difficulty, the essence of which is that employers are not enough when they consciously and purposefully allocate funds for these activities. The state should develop a mechanism that encourages employers to conduct them.
COVID-19 Hastalığında Görülen Ağız Bulguları
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Merve , ALTINDİŞ Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Sars- Cov-2 virüsü, tüm dünyada hızla yayılım göstermiş, Mart 2020 tarihinden itibaren ise, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından, dünya genelinde pandemi ilan edilmiştir. Covid-19'un genel semptomları olarak ateş, yorgunluk, öksürük, kas ağrısı, nefes darlığı, baş ağrısı, boğaz ağrısıdır ve pnömoni görülebilmektedir. Covid-19’da en sık görülen ağız semptomu ise hastaların %45’inde görülen tat bozukluklarıdır. Ayrıca hastalarda, herpetiform ve aft benzeri lezyonlar, kandidiyazis ve Kawasaki benzeri lezyonlar gibi çeşitli oral mukoza lezyonları görülebilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı, Covid-19 hastalığında görülen ağız bulgularını incelemektir.
Implementasi Metode AHP & SMART pada SPK Penerimaan Peserta PBK Berbasis Android
Authors: Ramadandi Syahrin , Adawiyah Rabiah , Sumpala Andi Tenri
Published: December 2021

Pelatihan Berbasis Kompetensi (PBK) memiliki manfaat besar dalam mengurangi tingkat pengangguran yaitu dengan peningkatan kompetensi. Hal ini menjadikan proses seleksi menjadi tahapan yang sangat penting untuk menghasilkan 16 orang yang paling layak untuk mengikuti pelatihan. Namun, proses seleksi yang berlangsung saat ini hanya mengakumulasikan nilai tanpa menentukan tingkat kepentingan antar kriteria serta proses perhitungan memerlukan waktu cukup lama dan tenaga lebih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun Sistem Pendukung Keputusan berbasis android dengan implementasi metode Analytical Hierachy Process (AHP) dan Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) untuk membantu proses pengambilan keputusan secara cepat dan akurat. Dalam proses pengambilan keputusan, metode AHP digunakan untuk mengecek konsistentensi kriteria yang digunakan dan metode SMART untuk melakukan perangkingan nilai dari alternatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara secara langsung kepada pihak UPTD BLK Kolaka terkait kebutuhan sistem dan tingkat kepentingan antar kriteria. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa dengan implementasi metode AHP dan SMART pada SPK penerimaan peserta pelatihan di UPTD BLK Kolaka dengan sistem berbasis android dapat membantu dalam merekomendasikan peserta yang paling layak untuk mengikuti PBK secara cepat. Penggunaan sistem berbasis android  menjadikan pengambilan keputusan menjadi lebih cepat. Dari 25 alternatif yang digunakan dapat menghasilkan nilai dan perangkingannya dimana terdapat 16 alternatif yang berhak mengikuti pelatihan.
Comparsas y agrupaciones de negros o africanizantes en el carnaval de Buenos Aires, 1865-1922
Authors: Adamovsky Ezequiel
Published: December 2021

El artículo presenta un relevamiento crítico de la totalidad de comparsas y agrupaciones de carnaval integradas por afroporteños o por blancos que se disfrazaban de negros y/o imitaban bailes y ritmos de raíz africana que actuaron en los carnavales porteños entre 1865 y 1922. La base de datos consta de 243 comparsas, lo que permite por primera vez apreciar la extraordinaria magnitud que tuvieron las referencias a la colectividad negra en los carnavales de antaño. Las comparsas se listan con sus nombres y años de existencia, clasificadas por la etnicidad de sus miembros y con cuadros y gráficos que permiten ver la evolución temporal. Al final, mediante ejercicios estadísticos se proponen modos de subsanar sesgos y omisiones de archivo que permitan arribar a una idea más cabal de la magnitud y patrones de evolución temporal de las comparsas de cada tipo étnico.
posición del MIR (Praxis) frente al movimiento peronista (1955-1964)
Authors: Díaz Javier
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo analizaremos el desenvolvimiento de la posición del Movimiento Izquierda Revolucionaria (Praxis) frente al peronismo en cuanto movimiento político. Los trabajos de Silvio Frondizi publicados entre 1946 y 1956, con sus análisis sobre el régimen de Perón, constituyeron el punto de partida de aquella, pero hacia fines de 1957 comenzó a expresarse la necesidad de ir más allá y posicionarse frente al movimiento como tal. La organización postuló, desde 1958, que este se encontraba en “crisis y desintegración”, tesis que presidió los sucesivos análisis específicos. A lo largo de 1958 y 1959 el MIR-P se delimitó de los grupos del incipiente “peronismo de izquierda” y desalentó cualquier expectativa en ellos. Pero a partir del viraje político que impulsó Frondizi desde fines de 1960, basado en la búsqueda de un “camino nacional” a la revolución, modificó notoriamente su discurso sobre el peronismo y orientó al grupo Praxis a establecer afinidades, vincularse y converger con algunos de los nuevos grupos y dirigentes de su ala izquierda.
“Libres de prejuicios, libres de mentores, dueños de sí mismos”: la reorganización gremial en Mendoza durante los años de la primera posguerra (1919-1923)
Authors: Pereyra Mariana , Latorre Matías
Published: December 2021

Tras las huelgas de 1919, la Federación Obrera Provincial de Mendoza (FOPM), hasta entonces dirigida por el sindicalismo, quedó sin dirección y prácticamente desarticulada. Ante esto, hubo numerosos intentos de organización y reorganización de las diversas tendencias sindicales y de la izquierda mendocina. Este trabajo realiza una reconstrucción histórica del proceso de reorganización gremial protagonizado por los trabajadores mendocinos en los años de la primera posguerra (1919-1921) y la refundación de la FOPM a partir de entonces. Se utilizan en particular fuentes y documentación de las izquierdas mendocinas.
Relationship Between Blood and Pericardial Signal Peptide-CUB (complement C1r / C1s, Vegf and Bmp 1) -EGF (epidermal growth factor)-like Protein-1 (SCUBE-1) Levels and Ventricular Functions in Coronary Artery Bypass Patients
Authors: KANKILIÇ Nazım , KARAHAN Oğuz , DEMİRTAŞ Sinan , YAVUZ Celal , ÇALIŞKAN Ahmet , GÜÇLÜ Orkut , KAPLAN İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Background: Signal peptide-CUB (complement C1r/C1s, Uegf, and Bmp1)-EGF (epidermal growth factor)- like domain- containing protein 1(SCUBE-1) is a surface cell protein studied as a biomarker in thrombosis and ischemia conditions and secreted at currently studied early embryogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between left ventricular functions and pericardial / serum SCUBE-1 values of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.
Material and Methods: Forty patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass graft surgery were included in the study. Detailed echocardiographic findings of the patients were made before the operation. Left ventricular dysfunction markers were determined according to left ventricular fracshortening. SCUBE-1 levels were studied with ELISA kits in blood plasma and pericardial fluid samples. SCUBE-1 levels were statistically compared between the determined groups.
Results: Statistical differences were observed in LVDs, IVSd, Neutrophil, RBC, CK-MB, Troponin-I and WBC values in low and high FS groups (p <0.05). SCUBE-1 plasma levels did not differ statistically between the FS groups (p> 0.05). The same situation was similar for pericardial fluid levels (p> 0.05). Correlation was seen between SCUBE-1 plasma levels and SCUBE-1 pericardial levels (p <0.05). There was no significant correlation between echocardiographic findings and SCUBE-1 levels (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: These results showed us that SCUBE-1 plasma and the pericardial fluid levels had no effect on the left ventricular dysfunction. SCUBE-1 is not one of the currently identified markers of cardiac dysfunction. Future studies will further increase our knowledge on this subject.
Przekleństwo pragnienia półptaka. Radykalizm polityczny według Bronisława Trentowskiego w kontekście współczesnym
Authors: Czepiel Anna
Published: December 2021

Artykuł zawiera rozważania na temat eseju Bronisława Trentowskiego pt. „Radykalizm polityczny” z 1843 roku. Rozważania autorki dzielą się na cztery części: 1. Samodzielność ludzi i ożywienie polityki – dwie główne cechy „radykalizmu politycznego”; 2. Lud u Trentowskiego: masa czy wielość różnych jednostek?; 3. Diagnoza „radykała politycznego” a dzisiejsza spolaryzowana demokracja 4. Zakończenie: „demokratyzm” jako „przychodzenie do swego uczucia”. Autorka zauważa, że Trentowski wypracował argumentację, która dzisiaj naturalnie narzuca się zwolennikom demokracji partycypacyjnej – jak choćby zarzut wobec liberałów takich jak Benjamin Constant, że traktują wolność w sposób selektywny, dozwalając na nią w sferze prywatnej, ale już nie w sferze politycznej. Właśnie tę selektywność Trentowski zwie „półptakiem”. Ponadto argumentacja Trentowskiego pozwala uznać polityczną polaryzację za martwotę – „rządy rozumu” zamiast „rządów umysłu”.
ANALISIS JARINGAN SOSIAL PALANG MERAH INDONESIA DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA DI INDONESIA (STUDI TWITTER @PALANGMERAH DENGAN HASHTAG (#)PMISIAPBANTU)
Authors: Rakhman Fajar Rizali , Farida Nuke
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antar aktor dan mengetahui peranan relasi dalam jaringan sosial twitter PMI menggunakan hashtag (#)PMISIAPBANTU dalam menghadapi bencana di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis data analisis jaringan sosial. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian computer mediated communication. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aktor yang paling banyak dihubungi atau menghubungi aktor lainnya didalam jaringan sosial twitter Palang Merah Indonesia dengan hashtag (#)PMISIAPBANTU yaitu akun palangmerah. Aktor yang memiliki peran penting dalam jaringan sosial twitter Palang Merah Indonesia dengan hashtag (#)PMISIAPBANTU adalah akun palangmerah. Aktor yang memiliki kedekatan dengan semua aktor lain didalam jaringan sosial twitter Palang Merah Indonesia dengan hashtag (#)PMISIAPBANTU adalah akun herryftanjung, akun pmi_solo, akun ksr_uns. Aktor yang memiliki peran sebagai perantara, penghubung, pengontrol informasi dan menjadi pusat perhatian pengguna lain ditwitter Palang Merah Indonesia dengan hashtag (#)PMISIAPBANTU adalah akun palangmerah. Tipe relasi dalam jaringan sosial twitter PMI adalah directed relation (mempunyai arah) bersifat simetris (dua arah). Jenis Relasi yang dibangun oleh PMI adalah komunikasi dan otoritas kekuasaan. Peranan PMI dalam komunikasi bencana adalah sebagai media penyampaian informasi dengan memanfaatkan synchronitas, jejaring sosial meliputi sistem tekstual (berbasis teks), grafis dan fotografi (gambar). Dalam konteks CMC, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa PMI memanfaatkan teknologi informasi secara efektif dan efisien dalam penyebaran informasi bencana yang kredibel dimana PMI merupakan aktor yang penting dalam jaringan komunikasi tersebut. Saran bagi penelitian selanjutnya dapat menganalisis level kelompok dan sistem dalam jaringan sosial PMI.
VERBAL ABUSE PADA KOLOM KOMENTAR DI LAMAN INSTAGRAM TRANSPUAN
Authors: Adelia Delfa Ayu , Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi
Published: December 2021

Verbal abuse is a criminal act in the form of writing and speech that directly affects a person's psychology (feeling hurt). There are many types of verbal harassment, but this study only focuses on types of verbal harassment such as body shaming, sexual harassment, humiliation and blasphemy. Verbal harassment can occur in real life or through social media such as Instagram. This research is a qualitative research with content analysis method. The theory used in this research is self-disclosure, so that the results will show how the transsexuals express themselves and have an impact on the verbal harassment they receive. The object of research is the TRANSPUAN digital page with a total of five people, namely: Millen Cyrus, Ian Hugen, Dena Rachman, Melly Bradley and Gebby Vesta. The results showed that Gebby Vesta got the most dominant form of verbal abuse compared to other TRANSPUAN, because the display of Self Disclosure in his Instagram media clearly shows his identity as a TRANSPUAN wrapped in sexual content. The forms of verbal violence received by the five TRANSPUANES were bodyshamming, sexual harassment, humiliation and blasphemy.
Wybrane konteksty funkcjonowania społeczno-zawodowego nauczyciela przedszkola
Authors: Paprotna Gabriela
Published: December 2021

Nauczyciel przedszkola to zawód, którego wykonywanie zależy od wielu czynników. Tym, co w pierwszym rzędzie wyznacza jego pracę, jest świat dziecka. Nauczyciel wkracza weń na bardzo wczesnym etapie jego życia i to od jego kompetencji zależy, na ile będzie umiał wspierać rozwój swoich wychowanków. Złożona i dynamiczna rzeczywistość społeczna i oświatowa również jest źródłem zadań dla nauczyciela. Celem artykułu jest analiza złożonych uwarunkowań, w których nauczyciel przedszkola wypełnia swe zawodowe powinności. Wskazuje to na ważność jego misji zarówno wobec dziecka, jak i społeczeństwa. Analizując funkcjonowanie zawodowe nauczyciela przedszkola, można zauważyć, że jego praca przebiega w różnych kontekstach. Pierwszy kontekst to oczekiwania społeczne wobec nauczyciela. Społeczeństwo wymaga, by był to kompetentny nauczyciel, otwarty na potrzeby dziecka, zdolny wspierać jego rozwój, a także pomocny rodzinie. Oczekuje się też, że nauczyciel przedszkola będzie integrował wpływy wychowawcze z różnych środowisk oraz że będzie uosobieniem określonych wartości.Drugi kontekst to role zawodowe nauczyciela przedszkola. W toku pracy wychowawczo-dydaktycznej jest on: wzorem osobowym, przewodnikiem dziecka, diagnostą, terapeutą, organizatorem współpracy z rodziną i środowiskiem, członkiem zespołu nauczycielskiego, zarządcą placówki i badaczem.  Trzeci kontekst to wymogi wynikające z rozwoju zawodowego. Przejawia się on w takich formach aktywności nauczyciela, jak: adaptacja społeczno-zawodowa, identyfikacja społeczno-zawodowa, stabilizacja społeczno-zawodowa, dokształcanie i doskonalenie społeczno-zawodowe, sukcesy społeczno-zawodowe, rekwalifikacja społeczno-zawodowa, stopniowy regres aktywności społeczno-zawodowej, wycofanie się z czynnej pracy społeczno -zawodowej i okres reminiscencji i refleksji zawodowej. Aby sprostać wymogom zawodowym, potrzebne jest dobre przygotowanie nauczyciela przedszkola w toku studiów oraz jego ustawiczna, samodoskonaląca aktywność.
The Impact of Using Digital Filter and Analog Filter on Surface Electromyography Signal
Authors: Setioningsih Endang Dian
Published: December 2021

Many accident cases result in humans having to going a surgery to save them, then performing muscle therapy to help the patient’s recovery after going through the post-surgery. The purpose of this therapy is the patient’s body to its normal state. Exoskeleton is an additonal clothing-like tool that aims to both protect and increase the wearer's abilities. Meanwhile electromyography (EMG) is a technique to evaluate and record the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in using of analog and digital filters on EMG, as well as the effect on the exoskeleton simulation. The method used in the main design consists of the myoware module, notch circuit, low pass filter, arduino uno, DAC module, teraterm software, and matlab. The intercepted signal was taken from the biceps using a disposable electrode (AG/AGCL.). The EMG signal tapped by the myoware module then is continued to another circuit, then was recorded on the Teraterm software, and analyzed in MATLAB. The voltage value on the analog filter is 1.541 Volt during relaxation and 2.086 Volt during contraction, while the digital filter that has passed through the DAC has a value of 41.8 mVolt during relaxation and 269.1 mVolt during contraction. The results of this study obtained that digital and analog filter values ​​have an average difference of 5 to 30. The conclusion of this research is that the tool can detect changes in the use of analog and digital filters. Therefore, in the future research, development can be made to compare other  types of digital filters along with replacement to wireless systems. The benefit or purpose of this research is as a simulation of exoskeleton skeletal motion and to see the difference between the use of digital and analog filters.
A Coordinated Direct AF DF Relay-Aided NOMA Framework for Low Outage
Authors: Jee Anand , AGRAWAL KAMAL , Prakriya Shankar
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates the performance of a framework for low-outage downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) signalling using a coordinated direct and relay transmission (CDRT) scheme with direct links to both the near-user (NU) and the far-user (FU). Both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying are considered. In this framework, NU and FU combine the signals from BS and R to attain good outage performance and harness a diversity of two without any need for feedback. For the NU, this serves as an incentive to participate in NOMA signalling. For both NU and FU, expressions for outage probability and throughput are derived in closed form. High-SNR approximations to the outage probability are also presented. We demonstrate that the choice of power allocation coefficient and target rate is crucial to maximize the NU performance while ensuring a desired FU performance. We demonstrate performance gain of the proposed scheme over selective decode-and-forward (SDF) CDRT-NOMA in terms of three metrics: outage probability, sum throughput and energy efficiency. Further, we demonstrate that by choosing the target rate intelligently, the proposed CDRT NOMA scheme ensures higher energy efficiency (EE) in comparison to its orthogonal multiple access counterpart. Monte Carlo simulations validate the derived expressions.
Analyzing Effects of Crops on SMAP Satellite-based Soil Moisture using a Rainfall-Runoff Model in the U.S. Corn Belt
Authors: Jadidoleslam Navid , Hornbuckle Brian K , Krajewski Witold F. , Mantilla Ricardo , Cosh Michael H.
Published: December 2021

L-band microwave satellite missions provide soil moisture information potentially useful for streamflow and hence flood predictions. However, these observations are also sensitive to the presence of vegetation that makes satellite soil moisture estimations prone to errors. In this study, the authors evaluate satellite soil moisture estimations from SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and SMOS (Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity), and two distributed hydrologic models with measurements from in~situ sensors in the Corn Belt state of Iowa, a region dominated by annual row crops of corn and soybean. First, the authors compare model and satellite soil moisture products across Iowa using in~situ data for more than 30 stations. Then, they compare satellite soil moisture products with state-wide model-based fields to identify regions of low and high agreement. Finally, the authors analyze and explain the resulting spatial patterns with MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) vegetation indices and SMAP vegetation optical depth. The results indicate that satellite soil moisture estimations are drier than those provided by the hydrologic model and the spatial bias depends on the intensity of row-crop agriculture. The work highlights the importance of developing a revised SMAP algorithm for regions of intensive row-crop agriculture to increase SMAP utility in the real-time streamflow predictions.
ERP Detection Based on Smoothness Priors
Authors: Mobaien Ali , Boostani Reza , Mohammadi Mokhtar , Sanei Saeid
Published: December 2021

Event-related potentials (ERPs) are weak activities in electroencephalography (EEG) in response to different stimuli. Detecting these potentials is of great value for many diagnostic and practical purposes. However, this is rather hard because these signals have a low signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, we present a novel approach toward ERP detection based on the fact that this template has a smooth structure compared to background EEG. A generalized likelihood ratio test is adopted to realize our algorithm. The proposed method is investigated for ERP detection from real datasets, and it demonstrates to be very effective compared to conventional state-of-the-art methods.
Intent-Driven Network and Service Management: Definitions, Modeling and Implementation
Authors: Mwanje Stephen S , Banerjee Anubhab , Goerge Juergen , Abdelkader Abdelrahman , Hannak Gabor , Szilagyi Peter , Subramanya Tejas , Goser Julian , Foth Tobias
Published: December 2021

Cognitive Autonomous Networks require the network to be able to derive
and execute intelligent decisions, and thereby elevating the human
operator’s role to a higher level of abstraction where the operator can
only specify the desired outcomes from the network. These abstract
inputs, called intents, must be supported by corresponding intent-driven
capabilities in the network or its management functions.

Although, Intent-Driven Management (IDM) has been published in multiple
works, there is still no globally agreed end-to-end view of such IDM
systems, let alone a globally agreed definition of intents. This paper
provides a comprehensive discussion on the core aspects of IDM systems
and combines them into an end-to-end system view with the related
example solutions. Contrasting against a short review of related
scientific and standards literature, the paper introduces a flexible,
generic definition of intents and an End-to-End IDM System Architecture
as well as the related modeling of intents to support their
standardization. The paper also introduces implementation examples
fitting the architecture and discusses advanced IDM features that need
to be provided, including the ability to detect and resolve conflicts
among intents.
Deep Learning to Ternary Hash Codes by Continuation
Authors: Chen Mingrui , Li Weiyu , lu weizhi
Published: December 2021

Recently, it has been observed that $\{0,\pm1\}$-ternary codes which are simply generated from deep features by hard thresholding, tend to outperform $\{-1, 1\}$-binary codes in image retrieval. To obtain better ternary codes, we for the first time propose to jointly learn the features with the codes by appending a smoothed function to the networks. During training, the function could evolve into a non-smoothed ternary function by a continuation method, and then generate ternary codes. The method circumvents the difficulty of directly training discrete functions and reduces the quantization errors of ternary codes. Experiments show that the proposed joint learning indeed could produce better ternary codes.
Root Cause Analysis for Autonomous Optical Network Security Management
Authors: Natalino Carlos , Schiano Marco , Di Giglio Andrea , Furdek Marija
Published: December 2021

The ongoing evolution of optical networks towards autonomous systems supporting high-performance services beyond 5G requires advanced functionalities for automated security management. To cope with evolving threat landscape, security diagnostic approaches should be able to detect and identify the nature not only of existing attack techniques, but also those hitherto unknown or insufficiently represented. Machine Learning (ML)-based algorithms perform well when identifying known attack types, but cannot guarantee precise identification of unknown attacks. This makes Root Cause Analysis (RCA) crucial for enabling timely attack response when human intervention is unavoidable. We address these challenges by establishing an ML-based framework for security assessment and analyzing RCA alternatives for physical-layer attacks. We first scrutinize different Network Management System (NMS) architectures and the corresponding security assessment capabilities. We then investigate the applicability of supervised and unsupervised learning (SL and UL) approaches for RCA and propose a novel UL-based RCA algorithm called Distance-Based Root Cause Analysis (DB-RCA). The framework’s applicability and performance for autonomous optical network security management is validated on an experimental physical-layer security dataset, assessing the benefits and drawbacks of the SL- and UL-based RCA. Besides confirming that SL-based approaches can provide precise RCA output for known attack types upon training, we show that the proposed UL-based RCA approach offers meaningful insight into the anomalies caused by novel attack types, thus supporting the human security officers in advancing the physical-layer security diagnostics. 
Come fermare una grande recessione. Il dibattito sulla crisi economica del 1929 in Italia
Authors: Magliulo Antonio
Published: December 2021

The aim of this essay is to assess how the debate on the Great Depression of 1929 changed Italian economic culture in the transition from Fascism to the Republic.
The essay is divided into three paragraphs. In the first, we will look at the international debate dominated by the dispute between Hayek and Keynes and by Röpke’s synthesis. In the second, we will analyse the debate in Italy, which is characterised by the convergent synthesis proposed by Bresciani Turroni, Einaudi and Fanno. The last section will outline the economic policy choices of the Fascist regime and the legacy of the debate on the great crisis in the period of post-war reconstruction
The South African folle volo: Dante's Ulysses reinvented
Authors: Fanucchi Sonia
Published: December 2021

The figure of Ulysses haunts the pages of Dante’s Commedia, embodying a tension between past and present, and the potential and dangers inherent in any attempt at transformation. In this chapter I focus on four creative pieces by young South African students for whom Dante’s Ulysses becomes a rich and suggestive symbol. Despite their overt differences in approach, I argue that these pieces are all connected by a creative response to Dante, translating and conversing with his Ulysses from their personal and political perspectives. They are notable for their paradoxical approach to Dante’s hero, as they attempt to fashion new identities, to break free of the destructive influence of South Africa’s past, and to develop a more authentic, moral language.
A study on substance abuse among young people (10-24 years) in urban slums of Jorhat, Assam
Authors: Kovilveettil Arya Nair
Published: December 2021

Objective: To find out the substances abused by the people in urban slums and also find factors contributing to it. Also to recommend suggestions based on the study
Material and Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study and data was collected using Interviewers Performa after getting approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. A sample size of 174 was calculated . Young People (10 to 24yrs) who were willing to participate were included and whose not ready to take part were opted out.
Results: It was found that males usually 22 to 24yrs used abusive substances than females. Tobacco was the most common substance abused followed by alcohol and majority had been introduced to the substances by their peers between 17 to 24 yrs. Most people consumed the drug multiple times daily followed by weekly and had procured the drug from local retailers. These substances gave them a sense of hallucination and euphoria on consumption. Among the side effects oral problems like ulcers and malignancy topped the list. Respiratory and gastrointestinal issues along with inability  to concentrate on work were other side effects.
Conclusions: Based on the results several recommendations were made especially awareness workshops and camps. These programs mainly stressed upon the necessity to create social awareness among the people and their families about the ill effects of substance abuse. All the results were tabulated.
Evaluation of anemia frequency and etiologies in hospitalized patients in a tertiary pediatrics clinic
Authors: Gürsoy İlhan , Türkkan Emine , Dağ Hüseyi̇n
Published: December 2021

Objective: Anemia, which is a public health problem on a global scale, continues to maintain its importance in pediatric patients. There are few studies on the prevalence of anemia in hospitalized children. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and etiologies of anemia in hospitalized pediatric patients. Material and Method: This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The study group consists of 1000 patients between the ages of 6 months and 18 years who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital. The data of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. The SPSS 22.0 program was used for statistical analyzes and calculations and p< 0.05 was accepted for significance. Results: Of the patients included in the study, 569 (56.9%) were male, and 431 (43.1%) were female. In the study, the number of patients with anemia was 276 (27.6%), and among those 151 (26.5%) were male and 125 (29.0%) were female. The highest rate of anemia in different age groups was in infancy, with 32.3%. The number of patients with iron deficiency anemia was 121 (43.8%), anemia of chronic disease was 42 (15.2%), anemia of acute inflammation was 41 (14.9%), and anemia due to B12 deficiency was 31 (11.2%). It was determined that patients with anemia had a longer hospital stay than those without anemia. Moreover, the hospitalization period of patients with anemia of chronic disease was longer than those with iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: Anemia is an important problem in hospitalized children as well as in the general population. Iron deficiency is the most common etiology of anemia in hospitalized patients in the pediatric clinic similar to the general population. The hospitalization period was found to be significantly longer in anemic patients than in non-anemic patients. During hospitalization, children should be monitored for anemia and this duration of stay should be regarded as an opportunity to combat anemia or to provide necessary micronutrient or nutritional support to socioeconomically disadvantaged groups.
Conhecimento de profissionais da saúde sobre os equipamentos de proteção individuais no contexto da pandemia
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Ana Cristina , Fernandes e Silva Giuliana , Moraes França Luiz Carlos , Sant' Anna Vargas Gleiciana
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: conhecer o perfil de profissionais da saúde em um hospital no estado do Rio de Janeiro e analisar os conhecimentossobre adesão no uso do equipamento de proteção individual. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Para coletade dados utilizou-se entrevista semi-estruturada, e para organização e análise do material, análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Osparticipantes do estudo foram profissionais de saúde de um hospital na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. A pesquisafoi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: A utilização do equipamento de proteçãoindividual como a principal proteção de contaminação do Covid-19 e, as mudanças na rotina da prática assistencial do trabalho eo enfrentamento da pandemia. Conclusões: Verificou-se, neste estudo, que os profissionais de saúde entrevistados conhecem aimportância sobre o uso do equipamento de proteção individual, mas também destacam que foram fortemente impactados comas demandas assistenciais da pandemia.
Ostap Makarushka’s (1867–1931) Contribution to the Development of the Theory of Education
Authors: Czepil Marija
Published: December 2021

The article describes the conceptual principles of education in the creative heritage of the Ukrainian educator, scholar, public and cultural figure Ostap Makarushka (1867–1931). His pedagogical legacy is a valuable source of knowledge for teachers and parents, where one can find answers to a wide range of questions on the problems of education of Ukrainian youth. The scholar wrote the first Ukrainian-language textbook on pedagogy ‘Science of Education’ (1922), which substantiated the theoretical foundations of education. The focus was on the purpose and tasks of pedagogy, its theoretical and practical sources, the content of the concept of ‘education’ as a natural necessity of preparing young people for future life. Valuable for the theory and practice of education is the age-based periodization of the child’s upbringing, which covers three periods of physical and spiritual development from birth to reaching civic maturity; the idea of nationality (the education in each country acquires a national character; education at school should be national, based on the traditions and culture of the people); taking into account gender differences in the upbringing of girls and boys; the basic principles of education (natural inclinations of the child, temperament, physical abilities that determine the direction and means of education; place of birth (the country / town), nature, environment, life circumstances, etc.) and educational institutions (family, school and church) ), which should harmoniously influence the upbringing of young people, complement each other, form respect and esteem in young people. The ideas of truth, goodness and beauty are pervasive in the education of Ukrainian youth. War has a negative effect on the upbringing of young people, it is an inhumane way of solving problems. The means of patriotic education are games, subjects, folk festivals, walks, and others.
Karl R. Popper i Ludwig Wittgenstein jako nauczyciele
Authors: Drozdowicz Jarema
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest mniej znanym faktom z życia dwóch najsłynniejszych filozofów dwudziestowiecznych: Karlowi R. Popperowi i Ludwigowi Wittgensteinowi. Tekst ten dokonuje rekonstrukcji ich praktyki jako nauczycieli i umieszcza ten fakt w kontekście modelu filozofii edukacji przez nich prezentowanych w wybranych dziełach. Doświadczenie nauczycielskie cechuje w obu omawianych przypadkach wiele różnic pod wieloma względami, a różnice te służyć mogą prezentacji ich dzieł koncepcyjnych oraz tego, jak koncepcje te stosowali oni w praktyce. Artykuł ten przywołuje również kontekst reformy szkolnej wprowadzonej w Austrii w latach dwudziestych XX w. i odsłania w jakim stopniu wpłynęła ona na ich koncepcje edukacji i praktyczne jej zastosowanie w szkołach, w których pracowali.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Чажаев М.И. , Чажаева М.М.
Published: December 2021

В данной статье автором был проведен анализ земельного фонда Чеченской Рес-публики. Также были обозначены вопро-сы государственного регулирования зе-мельных отношений. Совершенствование земельных отношений – это ключевой момент развития новой экономической модели страны. Но для этого крайне важно показать, насколько земельные ресурсы важны для экономики государ-ства; каково значение проведения зе-мельных реформ для развития отдельных регионов; значимость привлечения инве-сторов для повышения рентабельности территорий; разработка и внедрение результативной государственной зе-мельной политики, которая бы смогла максимально использовать инвестицион-ный потенциал земельного фонда каждо-го отдельно взятого региона. Исполни-тельные государственные структуры должны обеспечить рациональное управ-ление земельным фондом страны и не-движимостью, а также создать наибо-лее благоприятные условия для реализа-ции ключевых направлений деятельности субъектов РФ в вопросах развития и процветания данного сегмента. Практи-ка развитых зарубежных стран показала высокую эффективность использования программно-целевого метода в решении вопросов государственной экономики. В рамках этого метода предлагается ис-пользовать программно-целевое плани-рование, ориентированное на эффектив-ное и быстрое достижение обозначенных задач.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ И ВНЕДРЕНИЕ МАРКЕТИНГОВОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ
Authors: Бекмурзаев И.Д.
Published: December 2021

В статье исследованы теоретико-методологические аспекты организации и внедрения маркетингового менедж-мента на предприятиях. Проведен анализ специфики понятий «управление марке-тингом» и «маркетинговый менедж-мент». Определен ряд ключевых понятий относительно маркетингового менедж-мента на предприятиях и основные направления реализации современного маркетингового менеджмента на пред-приятиях. На основе проанализирован-ных литературных источников определе-ны и предложены основные теоретиче-ские подходы к организации и внедрению маркетингового менеджмента на пред-приятии. Представлена общая совокуп-ность основных принципов внедрения маркетингового менеджмента на совре-менных предприятиях и определены ос-новные подходы к реализации маркетин-гового менеджмента на предприятиях.