bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bringing Human Rights into the Debate on the Global Trafficking of Women
Authors: Pourmokhtari Navid
Published: July 2020

Often perceived as a major turning point in history, the fall of the Berlin Wall significantly altered the socio-political, economic, and security dimensions of the global ‘landscape’. In eliminating the ‘bipolar’ world order that had persisted in the aftermath of WWII, the demise of the Soviet Union and subsequent removal of the associated geopolitical barriers set the stage for the geographical expansion of globalisation within a new world order.
Implications for Canadian Higher Education Internationalisation Policies
Authors: Larkin Allyson
Published: July 2020

The desire to internationalise campuses and to provide students with global learning opportunities is evident in the association of Universities and colleges in Canada (AUCC) report Internationalizing canadian campuses. The report summarises a 2007 survey of canadian university presidents’ institutional internationalisation priorities. In the aUcc report, 95 per cent of university presidents in canada cite the formation of international partnerships and the achievement of global competencies among graduates as top institutional priorities (AUCC 3).
La guerre civile en république centrafricaine
Authors: Vlavonou Gino
Published: July 2020

La République centrafricaine (RCA) est politiquement instable depuis son indépendance en 1960. Différents coups d’État se sont succédés dont le plus récent date de mars 2013. Du régime autoritaire de David Dacko en 1960, à celui de François Bozizé en 2013, la RCA vit une instabilité politique chronique. Le dernier coup d’État en RCA a plongé le pays dans une nouvelle crise et un niveau de violence qui n’a jamais été atteint auparavant. La question se pose de savoir quels sont les facteurs qui expliquent le déclenchement de la guerre civile en mars 2013 en République Centrafricaine. Au-delà des systèmes et des structures, ce travail replace les élites au coeur du débat et avance que leur rôle est décisif pour surmonter les crises. Ce travail avance qu’il faille associer le faible degré d’assimilation des élites politiques avec le faible leadership du président qui a pris le pouvoir par coup d’État en mars 2013 pour expliquer en partie la guerre civile en 2013.
Investigating What and Why
Authors: Mann Jessica , Brydges Colton
Published: July 2020

This article critically examines the literature on terrorism, identifying a distinction between the research methods that were common before and after the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001. We argue that pre-9/11 methods were more concerned with understanding individual and group motivations for participating in terrorism. This approach is still visible in the fields of political psychology and gender and sexuality studies on terrorism. In contrast, post-9/11 research methods are more concerned with identifying country-level variables associated with terrorism using regression analysis and econometrics. Post-9/11 research on terrorism has often been focused on two debates: the role of democracy in fostering or preventing terrorism, and the relationship between development and terrorism. This shift in methodology reflects a more positivist ontology, and is also undoubtedly intended to meet the needs of policy-makers pursuing the War on Terror. We argue that a well-informed approach to addressing the threat of terrorism must draw from both perspectives; otherwise, there is a strong risk of ignoring crucial variables at different levels of analysis.
The Creation of a Contemporary Estonian Identity
Authors: Trummel Taylor
Published: July 2020

With the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, and subsequent independence of Estonia, the power-holding ethnic Russians suddenly found themselves as outcast minorities within the borders of this Baltic country. Various legal and social measures taken by Estonia to reassert its cultural history and political power marginalized c in the country. In creating a modern state, Estonia’s interest to identify with the European community prompted its effort to join the European Union. Such motivation pushed the nation toward multilateral negotiations to comply with requirements of international standards for the fair treatment of minorities. In this paper, an analysis of the implications of historical narratives in identity formation and minority marginalization offers a lens to examine the power of multilateral organizations in providing oversight and incentives to newly independent states. This oversight can be perceived to be in humanitarian interest, but should also be considered for its economic and geopolitical interests. Estonia’s citizenship laws, European identity, and stateless persons provide a case study for such historical analysis.
Expériences de préposées aux bénéficiaires sur l'utilisation d'un système informatisé de gestion des soins en résidences pour personnes âgéees
Authors: Arnaert Antonia , Ponzoni Norma , Debe Zoumanan , Morisette France
Published: July 2020

Despite the increasing use of computerized care management systems in residences for older adults, there is very little evidence on the perceptions of caregivers regarding this technology, specifically the perceptions of orderlies. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the experiences of 17 orderlies vis-à-vis the use of the software “Soins Organisation Facilité Intérêt” (SOFI) in two senior residences in Quebec. Transcripts from four focus groups were analyzed using an inductive approach. All attendants agreed that the software was a positive asset that allowed them to better organize their tasks and documentation. In addition, they expressed the desire to use SOFI in their workflow to improve communication between themselves and with other professionals within the institution to participate in decision-making around quality of care. Finally, they insisted on the absolute necessity of having this technology be adapted to the working environment, both in its digital presentation and in its physical form, in order for it to be easy to access and use. The presence of software meeting the identified criteria enabled them to improve their performance through increased autonomy and their commitment to daily practice.
An Exploration of the Methodological Flaws for Assessing Fibre Intakes Among Canadians
Authors: Asbury Michelle
Published: July 2020

According to the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition, the majority of Canadians are consuming fibre below the adequate intake (AI) level. Although an intervention by Health Canada to improve fibre intakes may seem appropriate, there is insufficient evidence to warrant an intervention given the methodological flaws for assessing fibre intakes in the Canadian population. This paper explores these limitations by reviewing how the AI for fibre was developed, by examining how fibre intakes are assessed by the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey-Nutrition, and by outlining the limitations of using an AI to draw conclusions about fibre inadequacy. Recognizing the pitfalls of this methodology is the first step to improving the assessment of fibre intakes in Canada, which is needed before any intervention by Health Canada is implemented.
Evolution Of Subclinical Systemic Lymphedema In-Patient With Lipedema And Axillary Dissection
Authors: Pereira de Godoy Jose Maria , Pereira de Godoy Lívia Maria , Guerreiro Godoy Maria de Fatima
Published: July 2020

Background: The surgical treatments of breast cancer associated or not with axillary drainage and radiotherapy constitute the main cause of secondary upper limb lymphedema. Obesity is a particularly aggravating aspect in patients with lymphedema. Novel concepts of subclinical systemic lymphedeman and clinical systemic lymphedema have recently been described. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the evolution of subclinical systemic lymphedema to upper limb lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer. Case: A 36-year-old female patient had been submitted to treatment for breast cancer involving left-side mastectomy and lymph node drainage during a pregnancy three years earlier. She had undergone both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient had a portacath in the right arm for chemotherapy, which was removed after the first evaluation. She was submitted to bioelectrical impedance analysis, which revealed an increase in intracellular and extracellular water and body water in all limbs and the trunk above the normal range. The patient returned approximately two years after the initial evaluation, complaining of edema in the left arm. Conclusion: The treatment of breast cancer in patients with lipedema could lead to the development of subclinical lymphedema in patients with a BMI less than 30 kg/m2. Therefore, such conditions constitute a warning sign for the development of lymphedema.
Los Desafíos de las Microempresas Ecuatorianas con Respecto a la Coyuntura de la Revolución Ciudadana
Authors: Pilligua Menoscal Bryan , Gómez Espinales Josselyne
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se presenta una revisión de la literatura empírica sobre sostenibilidad de los cambios en las políticas del Ecuador, al tiempo que se presenta la adaptación de las microempresas ante el cambio. La evidencia empírica encontrada en este periodo apunta a que las políticas públicas ecuatorianas han sido, en el mejor de los casos, débilmente sostenible.
Developments in surgical fluid therapy rates in veterinary medicine
Authors: Naden Kristina
Published: July 2020

PICO question

Is there sufficient evidence to show surgical fluid therapy delivered at the recommended 3 mL/kg/hour for cats and 5 mL/kg/hour for dogs leads to a better outcome compared with widely accepted rates of 10 mL/kg/hour for both cats and dogs?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Five studies were appraised. Two of these were opinion pieces, with one non-comparative prospective study, one randomised controlled trial, and one case control study.

Strength of evidence

Weak

Outcomes reported

Currently there is limited evidence to show that the surgical fluid therapy recommendations made by the 2013 Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association guidelines (Davis et al., 2013) for cats and dogs lead to a better outcome than accepted fluid therapy rates used. Fluid overload in humans can cause long-term adverse effects, however the same effects have yet to be shown specifically in veterinary patients

Conclusion

No evidence was found that provides strong, conclusive evidence that the 2013 recommendations by the American Animal Hospital Association and American Association of Feline Practitioners leads to a better outcome for both cats and dogs. The resulting research outlined below identifies a need to conduct clinical studies on the effects of fluid therapy on cats and dogs, and identify clear monitoring protocols to minimise and ideally avoid, fluid overload. When adequate, valid clinical studies have been carried out, this will provide sufficient information for the development of evidence-based recommended rates of fluid therapy for veterinary medicine, in a range of contexts

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision-making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Strategic Choice and Performance Empirical Evidence from Mission Hospitals in Kiambu County Kenya
Authors: Njuguna Mary Wangui , Muathe Stephen
Published: July 2020

The modern business environment is highly dynamic and the management of every firm is compelled to make effective decisions for the company to remain relevant. Strategic choice is a critical element in the process of formulating a strategy. As a result of the threats that organizations are exposed to, organizations are adopting strategic choices to enhance performance. Despite the challenges that mission hospitals in Kiambu County encounter in the health industry, they are still luring away clients from public hospitals. Therefore, this studyâ€™s main objective was to establish the influence of strategic choice on performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County. Specifically, the study embarked on four objectives; to establish the influence of organizational structure on the performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County; to determine the influence of technology on performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County; to determine the influence of leadership on the performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County; and to establish the effect of resource acquisition on performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County. The theories that guided this study were the agency theory, open systems theory, contingency theory, and the resource based theory. This study adopted a descriptive design. The study targeted the big four mission hospitals Africa Inland Church Kijabe Mission Hospital; Africa Inland Church cure International Hospital; Presbyterian Church of East Africa. Kikuyu Hospital; and Nazareth Hospital) in Kiambu County. The target population was 80 senior, middle, and operational managers and a census was employed. A semistructured questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Regression results revealed that organizational structure, technology, leadership and resource acquisition were highly significant on the performance of mission hospitals in Kiambu County in Kenya. The study recommended that mission hospitals in Kiambu County should create organizational structures which are in line with the goals being pursued by the mission hospitals. On technology the study recommended for effective management and use of technology infrastructure planning, on leadership, the researcher recommends that leadership development be cascaded to all level of employees/management. This is to help the mission hospitals achieve its objectives on service delivery. On resource acquisition the study recommends that managers should look for ways of motivating human resource in the organization for better performance. Mission hospitals should encourage more training and development of employees to enhance knowledge and skills if they want to sustain performance.
Gender-Related Differential Item Functioning of 2015 Wassce Core Mathematics Results in Southern Ghana Using Logistic Regression Procedure
Authors: Brew Ruth Annan , Cobbinah Andrews
Published: July 2020

Differential item functioning (DIF) occurs when individuals of the same ability level from separate groups have a different probability of answering an item correctly. This study was conducted in two parts: in the first part a real 2015 West African Senior Secondary Certificate Examination (WASSCE) core mathematics test data were analyzed for uniform and nonuniform DIF using binary logistic regression (LR) procedure and in the second part, content analysis of items identified as DIF were classified under the levels of the cognitive domain by experts. Three research questions were formulated for the study. A sample of 4,285 male and 3,712 female candidates were selected from a population of 15,258 candidates who sat for the examination in 2015 from 20 selected schools in Southern Ghana. The instrument for the study was the 50 multiple-choice core mathematics items. The findings showed that there was 43 significant gender differential item functioning items of which 9 were uniform and 34 non-uniform. Also, the content analysis revealed that items that favoured males were mainly number and numeration, algebraic processes, probability and statistics and mensuration whiles plane geometry and coordinate geometry revealed DIF in favour of females. It was concluded that test items used were not free from gender DIF. It was recommended that DIF studies should be conducted by test developers in order to be review or exclude DIF items to enhance fairness in assessment.
Le cactus Opuntia tuna (L.) Mill. et ses formes dâ€™usage dans la zone des Niayes au SÃ©nÃ©gal
Authors: Sarr Mame Sokhna , Gning Maimouna , Sanogo Diaminatou , TourÃ© Katim , Sambou Bienvenu , Dieye Mouhamadou , Ba MariÃ¨me Fall , Dieng Moussa , Mbaye Tamsir , Diallo Adja Madjiguene
Published: July 2020

Opuntia tuna est une espÃ¨ce bien adaptÃ©e dans la zone des Niayes au SÃ©nÃ©gal. Sa prolifÃ©ration assez rapide est due en partie Ã  une sous exploitation suscitant ainsi un envahissement de quelques espaces agropastoraux. Dans une perspective de valorisation et de meilleure gestion de lâ€™espÃ¨ce, cette prÃ©sente Ã©tude a Ã©tÃ© conduite pour comprendre les formes dâ€™usages et de gestion de la plante par les populations locales afin de la promouvoir pour renforcer leur rÃ©silience. Lâ€™Ã©tude a portÃ© sur cinq villages de la zone nord des Niayes auprÃ¨s de petits exploitants de maraichers. Des enquÃªtes qualitatives par entretiens et groupes de discussion ont Ã©tÃ© conduites. Elles ont portÃ© sur le niveau de connaissance, les pratiques et usages connus du cactus, les contraintes liÃ©es Ã  sa prÃ©sence, les solutions adoptÃ©es ou envisagÃ©es et le niveau de perception sur sa valorisation. Les rÃ©sultats ont rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© de nombreux usages de la plante et de ses produits. Plus de la moitiÃ© des personnes enquÃªtÃ©es utilise le cactus dans le domaine agricole. Lâ€™Ã©levage, la pharmacopÃ©e et lâ€™alimentation sont dâ€™autres secteurs Ã©galement concernÃ©s par lâ€™usage du cactus. Les analyses ont montrÃ© que la plupart des personnes enquÃªtÃ©es (94%) admettent un degrÃ© dâ€™envahissement trÃ¨s Ã©levÃ© de Opuntia tuna. Le niveau dâ€™envahissement pourrait Ãªtre liÃ©e Ã  la zoochorie selon 38% des hommes et 33% des femmes. La bonne adaptation de lâ€™espÃ¨ce dans la zone serait Ã©galement un facteur de prolifÃ©ration selon 33% des hommes et 23 % des femmes. Afin de pallier la prolifÃ©ration rapide du cactus les maraichers ont dÃ©veloppÃ© des stratÃ©gies de gestion telles que le brulis, la coupe et le dessouchage. Une meilleure gestion de cette espÃ¨ce qui prÃ©sente de nombreux usages pour les maraichers de la zone des Niayes est nÃ©cessaire. De tels usages de lâ€™espÃ¨ce, valorisÃ©s davantage pourrait contribuer de faÃ§on significative Ã  la diversification des sources de revenus des communautÃ©s locales et au dÃ©veloppement durable de la zone des Niayes.
Administrative Roles in Primary Schools for Curbing COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Henry Fayolâ€™s Approach
Authors: Igbokwe Innocent C. , Okeke-James Ndidiamaka J. , Akudo Florence U. , Anyanwu Jude A.
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 is a threatening disease that has led to total lockdown of educational institutions in various countries, Nigeria inclusive. Presently, there is no vaccination for its cure yet; thus, the need for preventive mechanisms to reduce its spread in the schools. The primary school which this study is delimited is made of pupils whose ability to prevent this disease is minimal due to their level of physical and mental development, therefore they require proper attention. The headteachers and teachers who occupy administrative positions in primary schools need to manage these pupils, to prevent the spread of coronavirus in the schools. The main purpose of this study is to suggest how headteachers and teachers should practically discharge their administrative functions so asto reduce coronavirus spread among pupils in primary schools. This is expected to give an insight into healthy adaptive mechanism for the staff and pupils in primary schools in Nigeria. Finally, the following recommendations were made; which include: providing hygiene facilities, services of healthcare workers and isolation center in the school for pupils that may need extra care.
Ethnic Nationalists Abuse of Media: Lessons of Yugoslavia and Rwanda for Ethiopia
Authors: Gessese Ayele Anawetie
Published: July 2020

This article tried to assess the role of media in the former Yugoslavia inter-ethnic conflict, the 1994 Rwandaâ€™s genocide, and Ethiopiaâ€™s recent interethnic conflict trends comparatively. It also addresses lessons Ethiopia can learn from the former Yugoslavia and the 1994 Rwanda. It is mainly a qualitative study. For the analysis, semi-systematic literature review, frame analysis, and discourse analysis are used. Six ethnic-based media from Amhara, Oromo, and Tigre ethnic groups of Ethiopia were taken as a sample of the study. The finding shows that victimization frames, ethnic injustice frames, moral superiority frames, anti-hero frames, â€˜enemy withinâ€™ frames, and self-defense frames are the dominant crisis frames of the media, which created fear, sense of a clear and present danger and mobilized violent action in both Yugoslavia and Rwanda. This article reveals that these crisis frames are also framed by all selected ethnic based media in current Ethiopia; to the extent of the potential consequence as the same result as both Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Additionally, Yugoslavia and Rwanda media played the role of instigating and flaring conflict and genocide respectively. Similarly, the current manifestations and trends of Ethiopiaâ€™s ethnic-based media are following the path which Yugoslavia and Rwanda media has passed. Regional state/public media and specific â€˜ethnic groupâ€™ based private/commercial Ethiopian media are abused by â€˜extreme ethnic nationalistsâ€™. Based on these comparative analyses, the study identified major lessons from Yugoslavia and Rwanda which will help Ethiopia to take timely measures. Thus, structured, content-specific, aggressive and proactive interventions on ethnic-based Ethiopian media are highly needed.
Des Transformations du Paysannat Africain Ã la Nouvelle Configuration des Rapports Villes-Campagnes au Cameroun
Authors: Datidjo IsmaÃ¯la , Ndoki DÃ©sirÃ© , Nana Claudin Karim
Published: July 2020

Sans Ã©chapper Ã  la force transformatrice qui affecte toutes les sociÃ©tÃ©s au monde, lâ€™univers paysan africain et notamment celui camerounais est sans doute soumis Ã  une transmutation qui lui confÃ¨re un aspect nouveau. Il est transformÃ© sous lâ€™impulsion paysanne, de mÃªme que sous lâ€™influence des mutations urbaines et par extension mondiales. Les rÃ©percussions de ces mutations se transposent dans les Ã©conomies villageoises au point de marquer les relations que les paysans entretiennent avec les citadins. HÃ©ritier dâ€™une tradition agricole ancienne Ã  forte prÃ©dominance culturale lÃ©guÃ©e par les aÃ¯euls, le paysannat africain en gÃ©nÃ©ral et camerounais dans une moindre mesure, se prÃ©sente aujourdâ€™hui sous une forme alliant Ã  la fois les acquis ancestraux et les faits relativement nouveaux issus des pÃ©riodes coloniales et postcoloniales. Cet article se veut une rÃ©flexion portÃ©e sur le dynamisme que connait le monde paysan avec lâ€™incursion coloniale et surtout lâ€™accÃ©lÃ©ration du processus de mondialisation qui Ã©voque concomitamment continuitÃ© et rupture au sein des sociÃ©tÃ©s villageoises tiraillÃ©es entre traditions locales et innovations. Il sâ€™agit dâ€™apprÃ©hender la nouvelle identitÃ© du paysan camerounais soumis Ã  la fois aux rÃ©alitÃ©s dâ€™une origine ancienne et Ã  la modernitÃ© Ã  partir des connexions villes-campagnes telles quâ€™elles se prÃ©sentent aujourdâ€™hui.
Without escaping the transforming force that affects all societies in the world, the African peasant world, and particularly that of Cameroon, is undoubtedly undergoing a transmutation which gives it a new look. It is transformed under the peasant impulse, as well as under the influence of urban and global changes. The repercussions of these changes are being transposed into village economies to the extent that they are having an impact on the relationship between farmers and city dwellers. Inheritor of an ancient agricultural tradition with strong cultural predominance bequeathed by the ancestors, the African peasantry in general and Cameroonian peasantry to a lesser extent, is today presented in a form that combines both ancestral achievements and relatively new developments from the colonial and postcolonial periods. This article aims to reflect on the dynamism that the peasant world is experiencing as a result of the colonial incursion and, above all, the acceleration of the globalization process, which at the same time evokes continuity and rupture within village societies torn between local traditions and innovations. It is a question of apprehending the new identity of the Cameroonian peasant subjected both to the realities of an ancient origin and to modernity from the urban-rural connections such as they appear today.
Processus dâ€™intÃ©gration des migrants Mbororo Ã lâ€™Ã©conomie urbaine : cas de Bafoussam et Dschang (Ouest-Cameroun)
Authors: Kamwa Linda Pamela Kamgne , Tsalefac Maurice
Published: July 2020

PrÃ©sents sur la quasi-totalitÃ© du territoire camerounais, les Mbororo sont un peuple dâ€™Ã©leveurs semi-nomades qui rÃ©sident principalement en zone rurale. Cependant, leur espace vital traditionnel Ã©tant de plus en plus saturÃ© (multiplication des hommes et par lÃ  rÃ©duction de lâ€™espace pastoral) et en proie Ã  des conflits, ils sont nombreux qui migrent pour la ville oÃ¹ ils se sÃ©dentarisent. Lâ€™objectif de cette Ã©tude est de prÃ©senter le processus dâ€™intÃ©gration des migrants Mbororo Ã  lâ€™Ã©conomie urbaine Ã  Bafoussam et Ã  Dschang. Des enquÃªtes ont Ã©tÃ© menÃ©es auprÃ¨s de 270 Mbororo dans la ville de Bafoussam et 230 dans la ville de Dschang. Elles ont Ã©tÃ© conduites Ã  lâ€™aide de questionnaires individuels. Les rÃ©sultats montrent que nombreux sont les Mbororo qui se lancent dans le secteur informel, principalement dans le commerce, ceci Ã  cause de la sous-scolarisation, du frein de la langue, de lâ€™absence de qualification professionnelle et de financement. Ilse met en place afin de faciliter cette intÃ©gration des processus de sÃ©dentarisation qui passent par lâ€™auto-emploi, lâ€™entraide familiale et les candidatures spontanÃ©es. Pour simplifier le processus de sÃ©dentarisation dans les activitÃ©s urbaines de ce peuple rural, il sâ€™avÃ¨re impÃ©ratif davantage vulgariser les formations acadÃ©mique et professionnelle (en campagne et en ville) et enfin, faciliter et simplifier les emprunts bancaires par toutes les couches sociales, pour permettre plus dâ€™auto-emplois et par lÃ  la crÃ©ation dâ€™emplois.
Present on almost all the Cameroonian territory, Mbororos are a people of semi-nomadic breeders who live mainly in rural areas. However, their traditional living space being more and more saturated (multiplication of men and thereby reduction of pastoral space) and in the grip of conflicts, many of them migrate to the city where they settle down. The objective of this study is to present the integrating process of Mbororo migrants into the urban economy in Bafoussam and Dschang. Surveys were conducted with 270 Mbororos in the city of Bafoussam and 230 in the city of Dschang. They were conducted using individual questionnaires. The results show that many Mbororos enter into the informal sector, mainly into trade, because of under-education, language barrier, lack of professional qualification and funding. Sedentarisation processes which include self-employment, family support and spontaneous applications are being put in place to facilitate this integration. To simplify the sedentarisation process in the urban activities of this rural people, it is imperative to put more emphasis on the importance of schooling, to encourage various professional training and finally to grant and simplify access to funding, to allow more self-employment and thereby job creation.
Las Vacunas Y La Inmunidad Un Estudio DidÃ¡ctico A Partir De Las Percepciones De Los Estudiantes De Secundaria En Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Mayoral Liliana Esther , Hapon MarÃ­a BelÃ©n , Troncoso Mariana , Miras Diego N. , Romero Gonzalo S.
Published: July 2020

Los DiseÃ±os Curriculares para la EducaciÃ³n Secundaria seÃ±alan como objeto de estudio las acciones de protecciÃ³n y promociÃ³n de la salud tanto como los conceptos sobre inmunidad, en el marco de la regulaciÃ³n y control en el organismo humano. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron: detectar la solidez de conocimientos sobre inmunidad y vacunas en estudiantes de secundaria y evaluar el constructo posicionamiento ante la vacunaciÃ³n. El estudio se desarrollÃ³ sobre una muestra poblacional de N=89 estudiantes de Tercer AÃ±o de EducaciÃ³n Secundaria en la ciudad de Mendoza, a los cuales se les aplicÃ³ instrumentos en momentos de pre y post-test, desarrollando entre ambos una intervenciÃ³n didÃ¡ctico-disciplinar. El anÃ¡lisis de los resultados se resolviÃ³ desde una dimensiÃ³n cuali-cuantitativa, siendo el Ã­ndice de fiabilidad siempre superior a 0,8. Luego de la intervenciÃ³n didÃ¡ctica, los porcentajes de superior a 0,8. Luego de la intervenciÃ³n didÃ¡ctica, los porcentajes de respuestas correctas sobre las nociones bÃ¡sicas de inmunidad y las diferentes dimensiones del concepto vacuna se incrementaron, con excepciÃ³n de la proyecciÃ³n de protecciÃ³n ante una campaÃ±a de vacunaciÃ³n preventiva. Los resultados en general y la significatividad estadÃ­stica en diferentes momentos del estudio, seÃ±alan ciertas debilidades y conflictos en el proceso de construcciÃ³n de esta competencia.
The Curricular Designs for Secondary Education indicate as an object of study the actions of protection and promotion of health as well as the concepts of immunity, within the framework of regulation and control in the human organism. The goals of the present study were: to detect the accuracy of knowledge about immunity and vaccines in secondary school students and to evaluate the construct positioning before vaccination. The study was carried out on a population sample of N=89 students of Third Year of Secondary Education in the city of Mendoza. The instruments were applied at moments of pre and post-test, carrying out between them a didactic-disciplinary intervention. The analysis of the results was determined from a qualiquantitative dimension, with a reliability index always being greater than 0.8. After the didactic intervention, the percentages of correct answers on the basic ideas of immunity and the different dimensions of the vaccine concept increased, with the exception of the projection of defense against a preventive vaccination campaign. The overall results and the statistical significance at different stages of the study, indicate certain weaknesses and conflicts in the process of developing this competence.
Modeling and Prediction of Water Quality: Evidence of Benarpota Station of Sundarbans Region
Authors: Nandi Dulal Chandra , Majumdar Ajit Kumar , Hossain Md. Farhad , Reza Shah Eklimur
Published: July 2020

The Sundarbans contain the world's largest coastal mangrove forest, with an area of about 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi), of which about 6,000 km2 (2,300 sq mi) are located in Bangladesh and about 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi) in India. Salinity will be the major issue in the future which could destroy the natural ecological balance. The major salinity components are electric conductivity (EC) at low tide and high tide with the corresponding chloride in low tide and high tide. This study develops a SARMA (2, 0, 2) (2, 0, 0) [4] model as it provides the minimum value of model selection criterion (AIC, BIC, SIC, RMSE) compare to all other models. It was found that the bestfitted model for EC in a high tide of study area follows a seasonal autoregressive moving average model of order (2, 0, 2)(2, 0, 0) [4] and chloride in high tide follows SARMA (1, 0, 1) (2, 0, 2) [4]. After fitting the time series model and forecasting the fitted model, the study showed that in both electric conductivity (EC) and salinity (Chloride ppm) increasing in the last three decades. EC crosses the poor water quality level which is more than 4 ppt or 2560 ppm. Salinity also crosses the poor water quality level which is more than 5 ppt or 3200 ppm. The findings of this study would be a potential contribution to make a comprehensive management plan for the long-term conservation and protection of the cultural landscape and mangrove wetlands ecosystem in the Sundarbans region.
Anillos totales de fracciones y anillos de Hermite
Authors: Granados Pinzón Claudia , Olaya León Wilson
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se estudian propiedades generales de los anillos totales de fracciones y los anillos de Hermite. Por otra parte se encuentra una relación entre estos anillos y las K−álgebras finitas. Una K−álgebra finita es una álgebra conmutativa con unidad de dimensión finita como espacio vectorial sobre un cuerpo K. Más exactamente, se prueba que las K−álgebras finitas son anillos totales de fracciones y anillos de Hermite. Además, se muestra que el producto directo de cuerpos es también ejemplo de anillo total de fracciones y anillo de Hermite.
APROXIMANDO COMUNIDADES DE PRÁTICA E ANÁLISE DE REDES SOCIAIS: UMA MOLDURA ANALÍTICA
Authors: De Camillis Patricia Kinast , Baum Débora Junge , Verschoore Filho Jorge Renato De Souza
Published: July 2020

Em um contexto organizacional no qual a Gestão do Conhecimento tem recebido crescente valorização, as Comunidades de Prática surgem como ferramenta gerencial para promover a aprendizagem organizacional, que pode ser vista como um processo inerentemente social. Grande parte dos fatores críticos de desenvolvimento de Comunidades de Prática Virtuais estão ligados à sua estrutura social. Sendo assim, o objetivo final é apresentar uma proposta teórica para a análise das Comunidades de Prática sob o viés das Redes Sociais. A análise feita dos construtos apresentados possibilita destacar as relações informais existentes em Comunidades de Prática, mesmo quando intencionalmente criadas.
Análise de impactos ambientais da prática da escalada na Serra do Lenheiro, São João del-Rei, MG
Authors: Resende Webert Tadeu , Negreiros André Batista de
Published: July 2020

Localizada no município de São João del-Rei/MG, a Serra do Lenheiro vem proporcionando ao longo das últimas décadas visitas e práticas esportivas em sua área. Por possuir características ideais de afloramentos rochosos, o lugar sempre recebeu escaladores e montanhistas de todo o Brasil. Porém nos últimos anos houve um grande aumento no número de praticantes de escalada e uma significativa mudança nas modalidades buscadas na Serra do Lenheiro (Boulder e Escalada Esportiva). Com a ampliação do esporte e também devido à abertura de novas áreas para a escalada na região, surgiram alguns impactos ambientais no local. Este estudo procura identificar e analisar tais impactos ambientais, positivos e negativos que estejam relacionados ao tema. Diante do aumento considerável de escaladores que visitam locais naturais para esse fim, faz-se necessário atentar para com os cuidados relacionados à conservação e preservação da área utilizada, contribuindo com o mínimo impacto ao ambiente explorado para a escalada.
Sobreviventes
Authors: Oliveira Tiane Macedo de , Pinheiro Felipe Lima , Tumeleiro Leonardo Rodrigo Kerber
Published: July 2020

Archosauromorpha é definido como o clado que compreende todos os diápsidos mais intimamente relacionados à linhagem de aves (Ornithodira ou Avemetatarsalia) e crocodilianos (Pseudosuchia ou Crurotarsi) do que aos lepidossauros. Além de seus táxons basais (e.g., Tanystropheidae, Rhynchosauria e Allokotosauria), Archosauromorpha inclui o clado Archosauriformes, que, por sua vez, inclui os Archosauria. Durante o Triássico, os arcossauromorfos tornaram-se um dos primeiros grupos de diápsidos a se diversificar em termos de tamanho corporal e disparidade morfológica. A extinção em massa Permo-triássica, ocorrida há 252 milhões de anos, produziu uma mudança dramática na composição das comunidades florísticas e faunísticas no início do período Triássico. A diversificação de Archosauromorpha durante o Triássico tem sido o foco de estudos recentes, o que se deve ao fato de que este clado é um exemplo clássico de radiação adaptativa. Aqui sintetizamos informações relevantes sobre a morfologia, paleobiologia, e diversificação do grupo após a grande extinção em massa do final do Permiano, evento responsável pelo início da consolidação das faunas modernas.
Régua de inovação
Authors: Barbosa Ronaldo , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho sustenta a hipótese de que estudos sobre inovação nas empresas podem contribuir para formulação de propostas criativas na esfera educacional. Na literatura específica sobre inovação frequentemente citam-se trabalhos dos autores Nonaka e Takeuchi, que utilizaram a epistemologia de Michael Polanyi para elaborar um modelo de criação de conhecimento organizacional. No artigo resgatamos algumas ideias dos autores e propomos um instrumento de predição e análise de inovações denominado "régua de inovação" para ser aplicado em planejamento, execução e avaliação de projetos educacionais. A aplicação da régua em projeto de pesquisa (Projeto Geo-Escola) sobre ensino de Geociências no município de Monte Mor (SP) revelou que nenhum dos dez fatores foi plenamente satisfeito. Uma explicação é que, na época, o desenvolvimento de ambientes que favoreçam a elaboração do conhecimento pelo professor e pelos estudantes ainda não era, estritamente, considerada pelos autores como inovação educacional.
Sofrimento acadêmico e violência epistêmica: considerações iniciais sobre dores vividas em trajetórias acadêmicas indígenas
Authors: Herbetta Alexandre Ferraz , Nazareno Elias
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste texto é ressaltar a importância do tratamento do sofrimento psíquico em discentes pertencentes a populações indígenas em suas trajetórias acadêmicas na Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). Para tanto, foram realizadas análises a partir da experiência vivenciada por parte dos estudantes indígenas no curso de Educação Intercultural e nos demais cursos de graduação e pós-graduação da UFG. Na última década, tais contingentes populacionais têm acessado cada vez mais a academia, onde antes eram apenas excluídos. Desta forma, para que suas trajetórias acadêmicas, importantes para eles, suas comunidades, a universidade e o país, concluam-se com bem- estar e saúde, torna-se fundamental explorar todos os aspectos das políticas de permanência na universidade, como o sofrimento psíquico. Tendo em vista as abordagens presentes nos referenciais teóricos e metodológicos do grupo modernidade/colonialidade/decolonialidade, a hipótese presente em nosso estudo é de que há uma relação direta entre o sofrimento psíquico e a violência epistêmica.
A educação indígena Pataxó: entre distopias e utopias
Authors: Porto Helânia Thomazine , Bonin Jiani Adriana
Published: July 2020

Este artigo reflete sobre as concepções de educação escolar indígena que vêm sendo construídas por educadores Pataxós da Reserva da Jaqueira − Coroa Vermelha, pertencente ao município de Santa Cruz Cabrália (Bahia), explorando seus vínculos com os contextos sociais e políticos dessa etnia, desde a desterritorialização do passado à (re)territorialização do presente, em consonância com as novas empreitadas nas quais se encontram a instalação e implementação da escola indígena e demais ações culturais. A reflexão, empreendida em perspectiva histórica, focaliza três momentos na configuração destas relações: o primeiro compreende o período marcado pelas políticas de integração e de assimilação das comunidades indígenas à cultura dominante; o segundo abarca a construção das políticas públicas para as escolas indígenas; e o terceiro se vincula à construção do projeto educacional pelas comunidades Pataxós da Bahia. A análise etnográfica permite ver a constituição de uma educação específica, diferenciada, multicultural e bilíngue, fruto de reivindicações e da conscientização desse povo, que tem entendido a educação escolar como instrumento de luta e de exercício de alteridade.
Entrevista - Pe. Georg Lachnitt
Authors: Luiz Ferreira Eva Maria , Sarmento Nogueira José Francisco , Skowronski Leandro , Ximenes Lenir Gomes
Published: July 2020

Há algum tempo que a equipe de pesquisadores do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas das Populações Indígenas (NEPPI) ensaiava um convite ao nosso diretor, Pe. Georg Lachnitt, para nos conceder uma entrevista. Com ele sempre avesso às “formalidades”, sabíamos que não seria uma tarefa fácil.
Padre Georg sempre gostou de nos contar suas histórias junto aos povos Xavante e Bororo. Quando tinha tempo, “vinham” narrativas acumuladas ao longo de quase 50 anos dedicados a esses povos. As viagens de Campo Grande até Sangradouro e Meruri eram recheadas de bons relatos, puxados das lembranças que cada curva provocara em sua memória brilhante, adocicada por um gosto forte de contar causos − tendo como trilha sonora as marchas sinfônicas tocadas pelos bombeiros civis alemães. “É para não cair no sono”, costumava dizer Georg, antes de aumentar ainda mais o volume.
No fim de julho do ano passado, fizemos o convite para um bate-papo e, para a nossa surpresa, o aceite foi imediato. Então, no dia 12 de agosto de 2019, conversamos em uma sala de aula no segundo andar do prédio anexo à Biblioteca da Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), em Campo Grande, MS.
Pe. Georg faleceu no dia 20 de abril de 2020, antes que esta entrevista fosse publicada. Na conversa a seguir, que partilhamos com os leitores da TELLUS, tivemos o prazer de saber mais sobre esta figura tão marcante e especial, que muito contribuiu no trabalho dos salesianos junto aos povos Xavante e Bororo.
Efek Probiotik Terhadap Interleukin-6 Serum dan Skor Depresi pada Pasien Luka Bakar
Authors: Aida Nur , Karimah Azimatul , Saputro Iswinarno Doso
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Luka bakarmerupakan respon lokal suatu jaringan dengan atau tanpa respon sistemik terhadap suatu perpindahan energi dari sumber fisik atau kimia. Perawatan luka bakar memerlukan waktu yang lama. Dampak pada individu karena luka bakar dirasakan sejak awal cedera dan meluas di seluruh kehidupan seseorang. Pada luka bakar tejadi pelepasan mediator inflamasi khususnya interleukin-6 dan terganggunya berbagai faal tubuh, salah satunya homeostasis mikrobiota usus. Komorbiditas psikiatrik yang terjadi berkisar 45,5 %, dimana depresi yang hadir akan memperberat kondisi pasien. Probiotik dapat menurunkan kadar interleukin-6 dan mencegah gejala depresi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Studi ini untuk menilai efek suplementasi probiotik pada gejala depresi, parameter menggunakan biomarker IL-6 serum.Tujuan: Membuktikan efek probiotik terhadap interleukin-6 serum dan skor depresi pada pasien luka bakar.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah non randomized control trial. Sampel diambil dengan consequtive sampling. Pemberian probiotik pada hari ke 4 sampai hari ke 19 perawatan, kadar interleukin-6 serum diukur pada hari ke-4 (sebelum pemberian probiotik) dan hari ke 19 (setelah pemberian probiotik) dengan ELISA. Kelompok kontrol tidak menerima probiotik. Kriteria depresi diukur dengan Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Kedua alat ukur tersebut telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dari penelitian sebelumnya dan HDRS telah diadaptasi ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Analisis data menggunakan uji komparatif.Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol.Kesimpulan: Pemberian probiotik tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar interleukin-6 serum dan derajat depresi dibandingkan kontrol.
Post-Vaccination Yellow Fever Antibodies Enhance Zika Virus Infection in Embryoid Bodies
Authors: Schultz Emily M. , Jones TyAnthony J. , Barr Kelli L.
Published: July 2020

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that originated in Africa but emerged in Latin America in 2015. In this region, other flaviviruses such as Dengue (DENV), West Nile, and Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) also circulate, allowing for possible antigenic cross-reactivity to impact viral infections and immune responses. Studies have found antibody mediated enhancement between DENV and ZIKV, but the impact of YFV antibodies on ZIKV infection has not been fully explored. ZIKV infections cause congenital syndromes, such as microcephaly, necessitating further research into ZIKV vertical transmission through the placental barrier. Recent advancements in biomedical engineering have generated co-culture methods that allow for in vitro recapitulation of the maternal: fetal interface. This study utilized a transwell assay, which is a co-culture model utilizing human placental syncytiotrophoblasts, fetal umbilical cells, and a differentiating embryoid body to replicate the maternal: fetal axis. To determine if cross reactive YFV vaccine antibodies impact the pathogenesis of ZIKV across the maternal fetal axis, maternal syncytiotrophoblasts were inoculated with ZIKV or ZIKV incubated with YFV vaccine anti-sera, and viral load was measured 72 hours post inoculation. Here we report that BeWo and HUVEC cells are permissive to ZIKV and that the impact of YFV post-vaccination antibodies on ZIKV replication is cell line dependent. Embryoid bodies are also permissive to ZIKV and the presence of YFV antibodies collected 1 to 6 months post vaccination enhances ZIKV infection. Our data show that each of the cell lines and EBs have a unique response to ZIKV complexed with post-vaccination serum suggesting there may be cell-specific mechanisms that impact congenital ZIKV infections. Since ZIKV infections can cause severe congenital syndromes, it is crucial to understand any potential enhancement or protection offered from cross-reactive, post-vaccination antibodies.
Data-driven Analytical Models of COVID-2019 for Epidemic Prediction, Clinical Diagnosis, Policy Effectiveness and Contact Tracing: A Survey
Authors: Mao Ying , Jiang Susiyan , Nametz Daniel
Published: July 2020

The widely spread CoronaVirus Disease (COVID)- 19 is one of the worst infectious disease outbreaks in history and has become an emergency of primary international concern. As the pandemic evolves, academic communities have been actively involved in various capacities, including accurate epidemic estimation, fast clinical diagnosis, policy effectiveness evaluation and development of contract tracing technologies. There are more than 23,000 academic papers on the COVID-19 outbreak, and this number is doubling every 20 days while the pandemic is still on-going [1]. The literature, however, at its early stage, lacks a comprehensive survey from a data analytics perspective. In this paper, we review the latest models for analyzing COVID19 related data, conduct post-publication model evaluations and cross-model comparisons, and collect data sources from different projects.
Machine Learned Coarse Grain Water Models for Evaporation Studies
Authors: Yesudasan Sumith , Averett Rodney , Chacko Sibi
Published: July 2020

Evaporation studies of water using classical molecular dynamics simulations are largely limited due to its high computational expense. We aim at addressing the computational issues by developing a coarse grain model for evaporation of water on solid surfaces by combining four water molecules into a single bead. Most commonly used mono atomic pair potentials like Lennard Jones, Morse, Mie and three body potential like Stillinger-Weber are optimized using a combination of Genetic algorithm and Nelder-Mead algorithm. Among them, Stillinger-Weber based model shows excellent agreement of density and Enthalpy of vaporization with experimental results for a wide range of temperatures. Further, the new water model is used to simulate contact angle of water and thin film evaporation from surfaces with different wettabilities.