bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro evaluation of antibacterial effect of combination of honey and Aloe vera extract against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli
Authors: Motahari Paria , Samadi Kafil Hossein , Taheri Bonab Zahra
Published: March 2021

Antimicrobial agents are used as intra-canal drugs or canal cleaners for complete dental root canal cleaning. This new study attempts to compare the antibacterial effect of 2% chlorhexidine and combination of honey and Aloe vera extract (H-Av mixture) against Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) which are the most important pathogens isolated from infectious root canals. Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC® 29212™) and Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922™) were cultured in the tryptic soy broth medium. Dilution of H-Av mixture by the method of macrodilution to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was investigated. In this paper agar well diffusion and colony count methods were also used to ensure the accuracy of the results. The results were statistically analyzed by student’s t-test. The significant level established at 5% (P<0.05). The results of the methods of macrodilution, colony count and Agar well diffusion confirm the inhibitory effect of H-Av mixture on E.coli and E. fecalis. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the antibacterial effect of 2% chlorhexidine and 25% H-Av mixture (P>0.05) Increasing drug resistance to antimicrobial compounds needs to study of new drugs against pathogens. H-Av mixture with benefits such as availability, good taste and easier use than chlorhexidine, and fewer side effects can be a good option for intracanal irrigation after clinical trials.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of the Jigsaw Reading Technique in Improving the Reading Skills among High School Children
Authors: Kolhekar Sonali Prakash , Alone Anjali Subhash , Bendle Supriyarani Subhash , Bhasme Akanksha Satish , Bhoge Rajeshwari Sanjay , Bhoyar Kalyani
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Jigsaw Reading Technique is one kind of cooperative learning strategy which allows dividing the students in a group to improve reading skills by giving tasks (like reading paragraph) to them. In Jigsaw learning method, students are assigned to a small group that composes different level of skills like a piece of Jigsaw puzzle. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of the Jigsaw Reading Technique in improving reading skills among high school children. Materials and Methods: The interventional study design was a post-test control group study with a quantitative research approach. A simple random sampling method was used to collect the data. The present study was carried out in the selected school of Tah Kelapur district. Yavatmal. The sample size was 60. Validated structured questionnaires were used. Data were collected. The software used in the analysis was SPSS 24.0. Descriptive Statistics and Frequency distribution and comparison were presented for categorical variables. Results: The findings show that assessing the reading skills in the experimental and control group was divided into five categories skimming, scanning, awareness about synonyms and antonyms, deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words from the text, infer mood and author’s attitude or tone. The experimental group was reading with a positive attitude. The mean reading score of the control group was 2.36, the experimental group was 12.43 (p-value=0.001), the calculated t-value is 40. Therefore, the jigsaw reading ability score among high school students is statistically interpreted to have been successful. There was no significant association between reading skill scores among high school students concerning the control group and experimental with any other demographic variables. Conclusion: The comparison of the high school students’ reading skill scores shows a significant difference between the control group and experimental group, that is after the completion of this study, it is revealed that assessment of jigsaw reading technique in improving reading skills among high school children is effective.
Student Assessment in Pharmacology: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Patel Bhumikaben Jayantilal , Panchasara Ashwinkumar K , Patel Kalpesh Himatlal , Vora Mukeshkumar B
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The assessment of student is an important step to check learning in medical education. Conventional Oral Viva Voce (COVV) is an important assessment tool but have certain demerits like more subjectivity, gender bias. So, COVV should be modified to make it proper assessment tool in second year MBBS students as per new curriculum in medical education. Aim: To develop and assess Structured Oral Viva Voce (SOVV) and compare with COVV in second year MBBS students. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was done in the second year medical undergraduate students of fourth semester at GMERS Medical College and Civil Hospital, Sola, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Viva cards for SOVV were developed and was validated by the experts. Teachers and students were sensitised for SOVV. A total 116 students participated and were randomly assigned to four groups: Group A, Group B, Group C and Group D for viva voce in between four examiners. Group A and B were assessed by SOVV and Group C and D were assessed by COVV then groups were crossed over. In SOVV part, students picked up one viva card consisting of nine questions of different level and had to give answers in 10 minutes. Students and faculties perception were taken by perception questionnaires. Data were analysed by Microsoft Excel and Graph Pad Instate 3 (version 3.06). Results: In SOVV, mean marks given by all examiners having uniformity, while in COVV, there was significant difference in mean marks given by examiners, mainly examiner A (7.66±1.86) and examiner D (10.01±2.08), (p<0.05). About 100% of faculty and 83.62% students agreed that SOVV is a better method than COVV. Conclusion: Based on study results and feedback from students in this college set-up, SOVV in pharmacology brings uniformity in viva process, increases objectivity and removes inter-examiner variability.
Possible Drug-Drug Interactions of Hydroxychloroquine with Concomitant Medications in Prophylaxis and Treatment of COVID-19: Multiple Standard Software Based Assessment
Authors: Abhisek P Ansuman , Pradhan Shweta Supriya
Published: March 2021

Introduction: It is a crucial time for the medical community to cope up with novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The empirical evidence for the effectiveness of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in COVID-19 is currently very limited. So in this context, it is very important to counter Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs). Aim: To assess, compare and compile DDIs of HCQ with other medications and their risk management. Software databases like Lexicomp, drugs.com DDI checker and Medscape DDI checker were utilised to obtain various spectrum of DDIs. Materials and Methods: The study was undertaken in Department of Pharmacology from 31st March 2020 to 30th April 2020, in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Eastern India. This was an observational, software-based study. Lexicomp® drug Interactions software was the baseline software, used to access the details of DDIs of HCQ like severity, adverse effects, types of DDIs, risk management of DDIs and their reliability. Drugs.com and Medscape interaction checkers were used to compare details of DDIs obtained from Lexicomp. Spearman’s rank order correlation and reliability (cohen’s kappa) of the data obtained from the three software programs were analysed. Results: Total number of DDIs of HCQ with individual drugs were found to be 279. Among these DDIs of individual drugs, maximum had risk rating of C (66.66%). The adverse effect that was maximum reported in Lexicomp was changes in glycaemic control whereas Medscape and drugs.com software programs showed QT prolongation. Considering Lexicomp as standard, the correlation with Medscape and Drugs.com interaction checker software programs were -0.257 (weakly negative) and -0.359 (moderately negative), respectively. When Medscape and drugs.com were compared, both showed strong positive correlation (r=0.716). Cohen’s kappa between Lexicomp and Medscape, Lexicomp and drugs.com, Medscape and drugs.com were 0.011 (slightly reliable), 0.004 (poorly reliable), 0.568 (moderately reliable), respectively. Conclusion: There is a need to improve knowledge and awareness amongst the treating physicians and the healthcare professionals of HCQ related DDIs in the higher risk cases especially related to COVID-19 or for prophylaxis and/or other. It was observed that Lexicomp software is better in assessing DDIs of HCQ as compared to other two software programs.
Prevalence of Posterior Segment Disease in Subjects Screened for Cataract- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ravulaparth Gayatri , Singarapu Sravanthi , Vattikonda Sathya , Sahitya Gogineni
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Glaucoma, retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy are the common posterior segment diseases affecting the eye and need to be specifically looked for in the community by Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) measurement and a dilated fundus examination. Cataract screening alone in eye camps might not be adequate to prevent and treat these causes of blindness. Aim: To establish the need for routine screening of posterior segment diseases at primary and secondary eye care level by estimating the prevalence of this diseases in patients presenting with cataract in order to prevent avoidable blindness. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at Tertiary Care Hospital comprising of 1109 subjects who were screened for cataract and underwent cataract surgery, at screening camps from semi urban and rural localities in and around Hyderabad city between October 2018-March 2019. All subjects underwent detailed ophthalmic evaluation including visual acuity assessment, applanation tonometry, slit lamp examination and dilated fundus examination. Prevalence of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment caused by posterior segment disease among these patients was analysed. Percentage distribution of the data was calculated mathematically. Results: Of the 1109 subjects, posterior segment diseases causing blindness was seen in 0.63%, severe visual impairment in 0.99% and moderate visual impairment in 3.78%. Glaucomatous optic neuropathy was the most common posterior segment disease followed by retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy in that order. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HTN) were associated with increased risk of glaucoma. Conclusion: Routine screening for posterior segment disease is recommended with the use of portable fundus cameras in the elderly population along with IOP measurement using hand held portable tonometer in screening camps in order to reduce the burden of avoidable blindness. Monitoring of life style diseases like HTN and DM at the time of cataract screening is needed for primary prevention of most of these diseases of the eye.
Serum Procalcitonin as a Diagnostic Marker for Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Intensive Care Unit Patients
Authors: Ramapriya Rama Mishra , Prakash Pallavi
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Early assessment of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) through various biomarkers like Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive Protein (CRP), Interleukin-1 (IL-1) etc., is crucial to manage the outcome of patients. Levels of PCT concerning its likelihood to distinguish patients with SIRS and non-SIRS and the possibility to predict mortality in patients with sepsis has been variable. Aim: To investigate the role of PCT in early diagnosis of sepsis in patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, 136 patients hospitalised in ICU at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, between July 2019 to June 2020 were evaluated and PCT was analysed using Finecare™ PCT rapid test. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multiple logistic regression was carried out to detect the association of predictive PCT value with its outcomes. Results: PCT showed the best predictive value in the diagnosis of SIRS at 1.68 ng/mL (Area Under Curve (AUC)-0.87; p<0.05) having Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 90.43% and 73.81%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression model adjusted for age, weight, and duration of stay to predict the outcome of SIRS, positive blood culture and fatality case rate derived a significant association of PCT with Odds Ratio (OR) being 1.23 (1.11-2.31), 1.06 (1.01-1.98) and 1.76 (1.08-2.14), respectively. Conclusion: Early identification and treatment for sepsis significantly affects mortality. It appears that consecutive measurements of biomarkers could be valuable, but further prospective studies are important to characterise the role of PCT as a prognostic marker in sepsis and severe sepsis.
Study on the Action of Herbicide Combinations with Varying Irrigation Regimes for Control of Grassy Weeds in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Lakra Kairovin
Published: March 2021

Phalaris minor and Cynodon dactylon is the very problematic grassy weeds of wheat crop are responsible for significant yield reduction. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted at CSAUAT, Kanpur during Rabi season 2017-18 and 2018-19 in split-plot design with four replication having four irrigation regimes in main plot viz. irrigation at CRI and active tillering stage (I1), irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting (I2), CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage (I3) and  irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting + flowering + milking stage (I4), and eight factors of weed management (W1-weedy check, W2-two hand weeding at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS), W3-sulfosulfuron 25 gha-1at 35 DAS, W4- pendimethalin (pre-em) fb WCPL-15, 400 gha-1at 35 DAS, W5- broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) 100 gha-1at 35 DAS, W6- halauxafen + penxasulam 23.5%, 75 gha-1at 35 DAS, W7- halauxafen - methyl 1.21% w/w + fluroxypyr at 35 DAS and W8- clodinafop- propargyl 15% + metsulfuron 1%, 400 gha-135 DAS) were allocated to sub plots for assessing the effect of these treatments on grassy weeds. Irrigations at crown root initiation (CRI) and active tillering stage (I1) significantly reduce the density and weight of grassy weeds with highest WCE and crop resistance index (CRI) over other irrigation regimes. However, I4 irrigation recorded highest weed effectiveness (WE) and crop dry matter yield (CDMY) followed by I3. All the weed management options are significantly superior over weedy check. Among herbicidal treatments, lowest weed density and their weight, WE and the highest WCE, CRI, WPI and CDMY was recorded with the application of broadway (W5) followed by W8. Reducing irrigation frequency and the post emergence application of broadway are the best option for managing grassy weeds in wheat, but for higher CDMY more number of irrigations required.
Multiple Regression, Correlation and Path Analysis of Gall Midge Incidence, Yield and Yield Components in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids
Authors: Begum Sameena , Srinivas B. , Reddy V. Ram , Kumari Ch. Aruna
Published: March 2021

The present investigation was carried out to understand the interrelationship and degree of dependence of grain yield on its components and gall midge incidence and to elucidate their relative importance. The experiment was conducted using 42 rice hybrids developed by crossing 6 CMS lines and seven testers in Line X Tester mating design, their parents and four checks. Observations were recorded on gall midge incidence, grain yield and fourteen component characters. Correlation coefficient analysis suggested that grain yield per plant had highly signiﬁcant and positive association with panicle length (rp = 0.4600**, rg = 0.5545**) followed by number of grains per panicle (rp = 0.4219**, rg = 0.5125**) and number of productive tillers per plant (rp = 0.4006**, rg = 0.4942**) and negative non signiﬁcant association with gall midge incidence (rp =-0.1154, rg =-0.1430). Panicle length had the highest positive direct effect (0.9688) followed by the number of grains per panicle (0.5748). Gall midge incidence showed a negative direct effect at the phenotypic level and a positive direct effect at the genotypic level on the grain yield per plant. Further, it showed indirect negative effects via plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, spikelet fertility, hulling percentage, milling percentage, kernel length and kernel breadth as revealed from path analysis. The result of multiple linear regression exhibited that only the number of productive tillers per plant and the number of grains per panicle contributed signiﬁcantly towards grain yield per plant. The step-wise regression analysis revealed that the panicle length, number of grains per panicle and number of productive tillers per plant were the most important characters having R=0.6505 and thus, could explain 42.31% of the total variation of grain yield. Gall midge incidence contributed to only 0.95% of the variation for grain yield, which might be due to the low incidence or resistance of the hybrids to the gall midge.
Bio-active Compounds (Curcumin, Allicin and Gingerol) of Common Spices used in Indian and South-east Asian Countries Might Protect against COVID-19 Infection: A Short Review
Authors: Alam Jawed , Hussain Tahziba , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: March 2021

Presently, our world is suffering with COVID-19 caused by novel coronavirus SARS- CoV-2. The high rate of mutation in SARS- CoV-2 helps viruses to become resistance against pre-existent anti-viral medications. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 infection except some vaccines. Curcumin, Allicin and Gingerol are natural bioactive compounds having anti-viral, anti-inflamatory, anti-pyretic, anti-fibrotic properties and were used as spices in food in South East Asian and Indian subcontinent that could be a potential treatment for COVID-19 disease. This review will help in understanding the biology and potential of bioactive compounds present in turmeric, garlic and ginger as therapeutic against COVID-19 infection. Computational study suggested that gingerol, curcumin, and allicin showed good interaction with proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor of host cell and might have an important role in impeding SARS-CoV-2 replication. Clinical trials have been conducted for nanocurcumin and gingerol. The fatality rate of people from South East Asia and Indian subcontinent eating highly spicy food is less as compared to people from America and Europe eating less spicy food. Further, this review will help people to do research on curcumin, allicin and gingerol against the treatment of COVID-19. All of the spices are commercially available, edible and might be used as precautionary home remedies against COVID-19.
Hysteroscopic Evaluation of Uterine Cavity after Conservative Management of Placenta Accreta
Authors: Saker Mohammed A. , Elshwaikh Shereef L. , Eldorf Ayman A. , AbdAlla Manal M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Placenta accrete occurs when there is abnormal attachment of the placenta to the uterine wall either partially or totally. Placenta accreta had many complications mainly intraoperative and postpartum including injury to local organs (e.g. bowel, bladder, ureters) and neurovascular structures in the retroperitoneum. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the uterine cavity after conservative management of placenta accreta by using hysteroscope.

Materials and Methods: This is prospective study was carried on 40 pregnant at Tanta University Hospital with age >35 years, to detect Presence or absence of intra uterine changes after conservative management of placenta accrete by hysteroscopy, easiness of performing diagnostic hysteroscopy and Correlation between intrauterine changes and operative data.

Results: Hysteroscopic examination of the participants showed that 30.0% with incidences of Cervical stenosis, 15.0% with uterine cavity irregularity, 15.0% with intrauterine adhesions, 10.0% with endometrial fibrosis, 5.0% with scar dehiscence and 5.0% with Remnant. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between development of cervical stenosis and endometrial thickness by US (correlation coefficient r = 0.323 with p value 0.042) .There was a statistically significant negative correlation between Endometrial fibrosis and scar thickness (correlation coefficient r = -0.538 with p value <0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between Intra uterine adhesions and scar thickness (correlation coefficient r = -0.470 with p value 0.002). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between uterine cavity irregularity and duration of CS  (correlation coefficient r = -0.320 with p value 0.044).

Conclusion: The frequency of abnormal hysteroscopic findings after conservative management of placenta accreta is high, for at least several months after the procedure. The most frequently found abnormalities, associated with conservative treatment, are cervical stenosis, uterine cavity irregularity and Intrauterine adhesions.
Screening for Common Mental Disorders Using the SRQ-20 in Medical Students from Porto Velho-RO, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Rosely Valéria , Oliveira Antônio Carlos , Andrade Christopher Harrison Salomão , Lima Israel Carlos Cavalcanti De , Marques Vitor Marcelo Frez , Oliveira Wilyan Dias Cosmo De , Araújo Wudson Henrique Alves De
Published: March 2021

Aims: To investigate the prevalence of common mental disorders among medical students at the Federal University of Rondônia Foundation.

Study design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Federal University of Rondônia Foundation (UNIR), in October 2019.

Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2019, using a questionnaire adapted with the Self-Report Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20). Sample: 116 students, 56 females and 60 males, from different periods completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of positive results in the SRQ-20 and the variance of positive responses were verified.

Results: The prevalence of positive results for the SRQ-20 was estimated at 69.8% (95% CI 61.0-78.6; 81 cases). No difference was found in the proportions of positive results for the variables analyzed (p >.05). There was no significant association between the calculated prevalence ratios and the factors analyzed (p >.05). The symptoms related to the reduction in vital energy showed the highest average amount of positive responses (76 [± 10.4]; p <.01).

Conclusion: The prevalence of positive results for the SRQ-20 observed in our study was much higher than the average reported for Brazilian medical students. The number of students who said they thought about suicide was also high. We understand that these findings reinforce the need for the development and implementation of medical students' mental health care programs to identify, monitor, and, if possible, adequately treat these cases.
Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ologunde C. A. , Anidiobu C. O. , Oluwasusi V. O. , Ilesanmi T. M.
Published: March 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major devastating infectious diseases African countries and other regions of the world. TB is a potentially serious infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs. While HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system; which if left untreated, can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thus, this study was carried out to monitor the prevalence of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) situation in Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State Southwestern Nigeria. A total of 191 participants were enrolled in this study. Blood and sputum samples were used in screening of HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis respectively. 102(53.4%) participants were confirmed HIV positive cases and 89(46.6%) participants were confirmed as M. tuberculosis-positive cases. The rate of tuberculosis was higher among women than among men and prevalence of HIV was slightly higher among men than among female. The study shows that age group 26 – 30 years have the highest rate of tuberculosis and age group 36 – 40 years have the highest rate of HIV cases while the highest number of TB with HIV co-infection 34 (17.8%) were gotten from the age group 36 – 40years. The rate at which the prevalence of tuberculosis, HIV and their co-infection are rising is due to various challenges facing its eradication. Adequate resource mobilization and effective spending is needed to achieve success. In addition, efforts should be made to improve the surveillance system.
BELA, RECATADA E “DO LAR”: UMA ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO DA MATÉRIA QUE PAUTOU O DEBATE DE GÊNERO NAS REDES SOCIAIS // BEAUTIFUL, MODEST AND “HOUSEWIFE”: A DISCOURSE ANALISYS OF THE NEWS REPORT THAT GUIDED THE GENDER DEBATE IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Malta Renata Barreto , Santos Suyene Correia
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo parte de uma revisão bibliográfica que discute o gênero como construto cultural e sua performatividade modulada pelo discurso. Baseando-nos nessa premissa, propomos a Análise do Discurso de uma reportagem publicada pela Revista Veja online, intitulada Bela, recatada e “do lar” em abril de 2016, com o objetivo de compreender o conteúdo do discurso e seu ethos, assim como verificar, em alguma medida, seu contexto. Acerca dos resultados obtidos, especificamente a partir dos itens lexicais e técnicas de argumentação, identificamos um modelo de representação da mulher regido pela heteronormatividade compulsória e pelo patriarcalismo, assim como percebemos papéis sociais díspares no que se refere ao gênero masculino e feminino. A posição do enunciador no que concerne ao contexto político também faz parte do discurso. Como repercussão, observamos uma avalanche de outros discursos, grande parte de resistência ao modelo de representação ali retratado, mas também conservadores, os quais dão forma a discursos plurais imersos aos sistemas simbólicos midiáticos, pautando o debate de gênero, especialmente nos espaços virtuais.
RAUL LAMPIÃO DO CRATO: DIÁLOGOS TRANSVERSAIS ENTRE PRÁTICAS COMUNICATIVAS, MEMÓRIA CULTURAL E NARRATIVAS MIDIÁTICAS // RAUL LAMPIÃO DO CRATO: CROSS DIALOGUES BETWEEN COMMUNICATIVE PRACTICES, CULTURAL MEMORY, AND MEDIA NARRATIVES
Authors: Oliveira Denisia Souza , Patrício Edgard
Published: March 2021

Raul Lampião, personagem interpretado por Antônio Carlos Ricardo da Silva, é uma figura disposta com atributos físicos de Raul Seixas adornado com acessórios do cangaço, típicos do bando de Lampião, que faz uso de um microfone conectado a um carro de som adaptado para realizar serviço publicitário de propaganda volante na cidade do Crato (CE). O presente artigo se propõe a refletir como as práticas comunicativas (THOMPSON, 1998; FRANÇA, 2001) empreendidas por Raul Lampião dialogam com a memória cultural cratense (PINHEIRO, 2010; GRUNSPAN-JASMIN, 2006) e de que maneira suas estratégias de inserção no cotidiano conferem visibilidade ao seu personagem tanto nos meios de expressão popular quanto nos meios de comunicação de massa (CARVALHO, 2005; TRIGUEIRO, 2008). Adotou-se, portanto, como estratégia teórico-metodológica, elencar alguns dos principais traços da cultura popular cratense que foram apropriados por Raul Lampião através de novas experiências de uso. Enraizada na identidade do intérprete, a introjeção do personagem é tão intensa que a análise aponta para uma superposição entre a pessoa e a persona.
NEWS HONORS: OS PRÊMIOS EM JORNALISMO E A INFLUÊNCIA INDIRETA NO PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO DA NOTÍCIA A PARTIR DA ROTINA COGNITIVA // NEWS HONORS: JOURNALISM PRIZES AND THEIR UNDIRECTED INFLUENCE IN NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS BY COGNITIVE ROUTINES
Authors: Dias Robson
Published: March 2021

há premiações em jornalismo para matérias, para profissionais e para empresas. Os prêmios são dispositivos dos definidores primários (HALL ET AL, 1993) que prescrevem saberes e fazeres na cultura profissional (SCHUDSON, 1993), baseados em especificidades discursivas de pautas codificadas em falas autorizadas: a serem premiadas. Neste universo, diversos atores sociais atuam em relação ao processo de produção da notícia: News Promoters, News Assemblers e News Consumers, em Molotch e Lester (1974). Os News Honors são um lócus não visto ainda na Teoria da Notícia onde se enquadram os agentes que promovem a normatização das rotinas produtivas (TUCHMANN, 1993) por meio dos prêmios, no tocante aos limites cognitivos de Traquina (1993) e às rotinas cognitivas de Sousa (2003).
O estilo da voz falada no cinema de ficção comercial: o verossímil da fala espontânea // The style of the spoken voice in the commercial fiction films: the verissimilitude of fresh talk
Authors: Opolski Débora Regina
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta o conceito de verossímil da fala espontânea, um estilo de voz falada do cinema de ficção comercial contemporâneo, que se constituiu como uma voz distintiva dentro do verossímil cinematográfico. O verossímil da fala espontânea é composto por uma fala coloquial que enaltece sotaques e dialetos, assim como, utiliza improviso e sobreposição de vozes como estratégias para quebrar com as normas da fala cinematográfica do cinema clássico, que buscava a inteligibilidade e a clareza do diálogo cinematográfico. Para tanto, primeiro pretende-se contextualizar historicamente o percurso da constituição da voz falada no cinema, a partir da história norte-americana, para depois, caracterizar o verossímil da fala espontânea, através da definição das suas propriedades, a partir de exemplos de filmes brasileiros.
Grounded Theory: incorporando temas associados às minorias em pesquisa de midiatização // Grounded Theory: incorporating themes associated to minorities in mediatization research
Authors: Leite Francisco
Published: March 2021

A proposta deste artigo é organizar e compartilhar um levantamento bibliográfico que viabilize uma compreensão acerca da metodologia qualitativa grounded theory construtivista em pesquisas de midiatização, apresentando suas noções conceituais, alguns de seus fundamentos e escolas, bem como os seus principais procedimentos e técnicas. É objetivo também orientar os leitores de como assegurar e incorporar no processo da pesquisa o foco em temas associados à diversidade de minorias.
A cobertura jornalística das megaexposições de artes visuais no Brasil (2010-2016): o mapa quantitativo de um acontecimento saliente // The news coverage of the visual arts blockbuster exhibitions in Brazil (2010-2016)
Authors: Roloff Bianka Nieckel da Costa , Golin Cida
Published: March 2021

Este artigo busca sistematizar e analisar quais indícios o jornalismo acionou ao cobrir o acontecimento de seis megaexposições de artes visuais que circularam no Brasil entre 2010 e 2016, a partir da cobertura de jornais de referência em suas plataformas impressa e digital. Tendo como base os estudos do acontecimento, entendemos que o jornalismo configura-se como um lugar especializado de construção de sentidos sobre arte e de mediação entre esta e os públicos, mediando também o próprio ciclo de existência dos produtos culturais. Recorte parcial de pesquisa, problematizamos os dados quantitativos aferidos no exame das coberturas por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Destaca-se a espetacularização do evento na celebração de aspectos biográficos do(s) artista(s), nos atributos passíveis de serem traduzidos na forma de números e na capacidade de atração de público, entre diversos outros indícios.

The news coverage of the visual arts blockbuster exhibitions in Brazil (2010-2016): the quantitative map of a spectacular event

This article pursues to systematize and analyze which evidences journalism has triggered to cover six visual arts blockbuster exhibitions that happened in Brazil between 2010 and 2016, from the coverage of important newspapers in their printed and digital platforms. Based on the event studies, we understand that journalism is a specialized environment for building senses about art, as well as a mediator between the craft and its publics, also mediating the cycle of existence of cultural products themselves. Partial cut-off of a master thesis, we problematize the quantitative data obtained in the examination of the coverages using the Content Analysis methodology. Stands out the spectacularization of the event in the celebration of biographical aspects of the artist(s), in the attributes that can be treated as numbers and in the ability of driving crowds, among several other aspects.
O corpóreo e a erupção da bestialidade em Carne e Sozinho Contra Todos, de Gaspar Noé // The bodily and the eruption of bestiality in Meat and I Stand Alone, by Gaspar Noé
Authors: Monzani Josette Alves de Souza , Righetti Mario Sergio
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Procura-se apontar de que modo os procedimentos estéticos do diretor franco-argentino Gaspar Noé acabam por realizar uma proposta de cinematografia radical que estabelece uma tensão no compartilhamento sensorial entre o corpo da tela, o corpo da câmera e o corpo do espectador. Carne (1991) e Sozinho Contra Todos (1998) narram a história de vida do Açougueiro, um cidadão à margem da sociedade metropolitana francesa, marcada por represamentos afetivos que o comprimem e levam a cometer ações bestiais marcadas por ‘enganos’, equívocos que o prejudicarão para sempre.O corpo cinematográfico de Noé faz uso da imagem e do som hápticos, trilhando um caminho batailleano - através da transgressão, da sensorialidade e da experimentação do abjeto -, e através deles busca induzir no espectador o que denominamos afeto carnal e corporeidade imanente como forma de pontuar as questões sociais e éticas propostas pelo diretor.

Abstract: It is tried to point out how the aesthetic procedures of the French-Argentine director Gaspar Noé end up making a proposal of radical cinematography that establishes a tension in the sensorial sharing among the body of the screen, the body of the camera and the body of the spectator. Meat (1991) and I Stand Alone (1998) chronicle the life history of the Butcher, a citizen on the fringes of French metropolitan society, marked by affective imprisonments that compel him to commit bestial actions marked by ‘mistakes’, mistakes that will do him harm forever. The cinematographic body of Noé makes use of haptic image and sound, traversing a Bataillean path - through transgression, sensoriality and experimentation of the abject - and by them seeks to induce in the viewer what we call carnal affection and immanent corporeity as a way of punctuating the social and ethical questions proposed by the director.
O futuro é para poucos: o destino da humanidade em séries de TV // The future is for the few: the fate of humanity in TV series
Authors: Leal Bruno Souza , Da Silveira Borges Felipe , Tognolo Diogo
Published: March 2021

A partir de diversas séries recentes de televisão, exploramos de que maneira se descortina um futuro sombrio e distópico, em que a humanidade está condenada à extinção ou a precárias condições de vida. Em Battlestar Galactica, The 100, The walking dead, The expanse, 3% e outras, desenha-se um cenário de desigualdade e destruição, causado por questões climáticas, guerras e rebelião das máquinas, por exemplo. Nessas séries, acompanhamos tentativas de se recriar um mundo civilizado, num processo em que se reconhece a culpa da humanidade em relação ao contexto devastador ao mesmo tempo em que se crê na capacidade das novas gerações de mudarem tal quadro – no qual enfrentamos, muitas vezes, medos antigos e questões mal resolvidas. Observamos como a distopia dessas produções tematiza uma mudança em relação ao modo moderno de se encarar o tempo, quando apostávamos no progresso e na evolução. Ao olhar para o futuro de maneira pessimista, versamos sobre o nosso presente, destacando aspectos que precisam ser mudados com vistas a se evitar a decadência da humanidade, assistida pela tela da televisão talvez como uma forma de catarse, mas também vivida de diversas outras formas em nosso cotidiano.
Educomunicação e jornalismo: uma análise das relações Comunicação/Educação e as contribuições de Paulo Freire em MT e MS // Educommunication and Journalism: an analysis of communication/education relations and the contributions of Paulo Freire in MT, MS
Authors: Pinheiro Rose Mara , Pereira Antonia Alves
Published: March 2021

O foco deste artigo é a aplicação do arcabouço teórico-prático da Educomunicação aos cursos de jornalismo, com base nos pressupostos freireanos, fundamentada nos relatos de experiências realizadas em universidades públicas nos estados de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul. A partir dos estudos que já relacionam o pensamento de Paulo Freire ao jornalismo (MEDITSCH; FARACO, 2009; OLIVEIRA, 2014; IJUIM, 2009; MORAES, 2007), propõe uma reflexão sobre o resgate do diálogo e da formação crítica para o exercício de um jornalismo que seja capaz de promover a emancipação de sujeitos, cientes de sua responsabilidade numa sociedade midiatizada, centrada na tecnologia e nos dispositivos móveis.
Credibilidade e desintermediação da notícia para o público jovem // Credibility and disintermediation of the news for young audiences
Authors: Mendes Larissa De Morais Ribeiro , Do Amaral Maria Cristina Maria Cristina Guimarães Rosa
Published: March 2021

Este artigo se propõe a discutir aspectos relativos à credibilidade do noticiário jornalístico para o público jovem, tendo como pano de fundo o cenário de transformações nos processos de consumo midiático, especialmente com a ascensão das redes sociais como plataforma para o consumo de notícias. Por meio de pesquisa quantitativa recentemente aprofundada por três rodadas de grupos focais com estudantes de Jornalismo da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), detectamos uma clara preferência por veículos da grande imprensa, em relação aos alternativos, e o gosto por uma desintermediação no acesso a informações. Via redes sociais, especialmente o Twitter, os estudantes procuram acompanhar diretamente jornalistas que consideram confiáveis, com tanto interesse quanto o que dedicam aos veículos aos quais esses mesmos jornalistas estão ligados. Estão em busca de informação e, sobretudo, de opinião balizada, para formar seus próprios pontos de vista sobre os fatos que os cercam.
Comunicação trans: teoria, gênero e nova psicanálise // Communication trans: theory, gender and new psychoanalysis
Authors: Silveira Jr. Potiguara Mendes da , Ballestieri Camille Roberta
Published: March 2021

A pergunta de fundo é sobre um estilo de referência para a teoria da comunicação. A tentativa de resposta percorre um roteiro que parte da retomada de alguns passos constituintes dos estudos de gênero; descreve o conceito de “revirão” (fluxo contínuo de reversões e viravoltas da vida mental e social) como base da teoria psicanalítica da comunicação denominada Transformática; e toma o quadro A Transfiguração, de Rafael, como exemplar de um estilo Trans, um estilo Maneiro.
Coproducciones latinoamericanas: avances hacia la construcción de un espacio cinematográfico regional // Latin American coproductions: progress towards the construction of a regional cinematographic space
Authors: Moguillansky Marina , González Leandro
Published: March 2021

El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación en curso sobre las coproducciones internacionales en Latinoamérica. Una coproducción es una película realizada por productoras de dos o más países distintos, y es oficial cuando es reconocida por las autoridades cinematográficas de los países intervinientes (por ejemplo, ANCINE y el INCAA), que le dan el mismo estatuto jurídico que a cualquier película nacional. Por otro lado, “la coproducción es una fórmula de colaboración en auge con importantes repercusiones en lo económico y en lo cultural” (CILLER y BECEIRO, 2013, p. 236). En las últimas décadas, en torno a la coproducción han surgido un conjunto de políticas cinematográficas que exceden el tradicional espacio de lo nacional: por un lado, acuerdos bilaterales de coproducción y cooperación; por el otro, políticas de integración regional. Respecto a estas últimas, se destaca el proyecto de la RECAM a nivel MERCOSUR y, fundamentalmente, el del Programa Ibermedia que ha tenido considerables avances en la construcción de un espacio cinematográfico iberoamericano. En este contexto, el mapa del cine en Latinoamérica se ha visto robustecido y más integrado, con países consolidados entre los máximos productores mundiales (como Argentina y Brasil) y otros que comienzan a registrar un nivel modesto pero inédito. El artículo se basa en la compilación de una base de 1024 películas provenientes de seis fuentes oficiales distintas y referidas al periodo 1998-2017. El análisis se centra en su evolución y en la reconstrucción del contexto en el que se emergen.
As imagens de Dilma Roussef da ditadura civil-militar ao impedimento // Images of Dilma Roussef from civil-military dictatorship to impeachment
Authors: Santos Ana Carolina Lima
Published: March 2021

A fotografia, entendida em seu valor de testemunho histórico e em sua potência poética, pode comportar leituras distintas dos fatos, de como eles foram e de como poderiam ter sido. O presente artigo investiga de que modo essas duas facetas se apresentaram em imagens de Dilma Rousseff feitas na ditadura civil-militar e reapropriadas durante a campanha eleitoral de 2014 e a luta contra o impedimento de 2016. Por meio da análise do processo de transmutação de sentido e de adequação memorialista por qual passaram essas imagens, avalia-se as implicações da mudança de temporalidade que as permeou, posto que, recompostas e ressignificadas, as fotos já não aludiam mais a um passado dado e se configuravam como materializações de uma instância simbólica que apontava para o futuro, para certo horizonte de expectativas. Além disso, tenta-se explicitar como, ao propor comparações entre passado e presente, as imagens inadvertidamente ajudaram a sabotar o amanhã por elas almejado.
Música preexistente, leitmotivs e retornos no cinema de Jacques Demy dos anos 1950 e 1960 // Preexisting music, leitmotifs and recurrences in the cinema of Jacques Demy in the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Alvim Luíza Beatriz
Published: March 2021

Analisamos o uso de música preexistente do repertório clássico em três filmes de Jacques Demy do final dos anos 1950 ao final dos anos 1960 – A mãe e a criança (1959), Lola, a flor proibida (1961) e O segredo íntimo de Lola (1969) –, tendo como base a característica da repetição, presente tanto no procedimento musical do leitmotiv como em diversos retornos que ocorrem entre vários filmes do diretor, assim como em suas associações intertextuais, especialmente com As damas do Bois de Boulogne (1945), de Robert Bresson.
Toward automation of initial chart check for photon/electron EBRT: the clinical implementation of new AAPM task group reports and automation techniques
Authors: Xu Huijun , Zhang Baoshe , Guerrero Mariana , Lee Sung‐Woo , Lamichhane Narottam , Chen Shifeng , Yi Byongyong
Published: March 2021

Purpose

The recently published AAPM TG‐275 and the public review version of TG‐315 list new recommendations for comprehensive and minimum physics initial chart checks, respectively. This article addresses the potential development and benefit of initial chart check automation when these recommendations are implemented for clinical photon/electron EBRT.

Methods

Eight board‐certified physicists with 2–20 years of clinical experience performed initial chart checks using checklists from TG‐275 and TG‐315. Manual check times were estimated for three types of plans (IMRT/VMAT, 3D, and 2D) and for prostate, whole pelvis, lung, breast, head and neck, and brain cancers. An expert development team of three physicists re‐evaluated the automation feasibility of TG‐275 checklist based on their experience of developing and implementing the in‐house and the commercial automation tools in our institution. Three levels of initial chart check automation were simulated: (1) Auto_UMMS_tool (which consists of in‐house program and commercially available software); (2) Auto_TG275 (with full and partial automation as indicated in TG‐275); and (3) Auto_UMMS_exp (with full and partial automation as determined by our experts’ re‐evaluation).

Results

With no automation of initial chart checks, the ranges of manual check times were 29–56 min (full TG‐315 list) and 102–163 min (full TG‐275 list), which varied significantly with physicists but varied little at different tumor sites. The 69 of 71 checks which were considered as “not fully automated” in TG‐275 were re‐evaluated with more automation feasibility. Compared to no automation, the higher levels of automation yielded a great reduction in both manual check times (by 44%–98%) and potentially residual detectable errors (by 15–85%).

Conclusion

The initial chart check automation greatly improves the practicality and efficiency of implementing the new TG recommendations. Revisiting the TG reports with new technology/practice updates may help develop and utilize more automation clinically.
A population‐based study of head injury, cognitive function and pathological markers
Authors: James Sarah‐Naomi , Nicholas Jennifer M. , Lane Christopher A. , Parker Thomas D. , Lu Kirsty , Keshavan Ashvini , Buchanan Sarah M. , Keuss Sarah E. , Murray‐Smith Heidi , Wong Andrew , Cash David M. , Malone Ian B. , Barnes Josephine , Sudre Carole H. , Coath William , Prosser Lloyd , Ourselin Sebastien , Modat Marc , Thomas David L. , Cardoso Jorge , Heslegrave Amanda , Zetterberg Henrik , Crutch Sebastian J. , Schott Jonathan M. , Richards Marcus , Fox Nick C.
Published: March 2021

Objective

To assess associations between head injury (HI) with loss of consciousness (LOC), ageing and markers of later‐life cerebral pathology; and to explore whether those effects may help explain subtle cognitive deficits in dementia‐free individuals.

Methods

Participants (n = 502, age = 69–71) from the 1946 British Birth Cohort underwent cognitive testing (subtests of Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite), 18F‐florbetapir Aβ‐PET and MR imaging. Measures include Aβ‐PET status, brain, hippocampal and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, normal appearing white matter (NAWM) microstructure, Alzheimer’s disease (AD)‐related cortical thickness, and serum neurofilament light chain (NFL). LOC HI metrics include HI occurring: (i) >15 years prior to the scan (ii) anytime up to age 71.

Results

Compared to those with no evidence of an LOC HI, only those reporting an LOC HI>15 years prior (16%, n = 80) performed worse on cognitive tests at age 69–71, taking into account premorbid cognition, particularly on the digit‐symbol substitution test (DSST). Smaller brain volume (BV) and adverse NAWM microstructural integrity explained 30% and 16% of the relationship between HI and DSST, respectively. We found no evidence that LOC HI was associated with Aβ load, hippocampal volume, WMH volume, AD‐related cortical thickness or NFL (all p > 0.01).

Interpretation

Having a LOC HI aged 50’s and younger was linked with lower later‐life cognitive function at age ~70 than expected. This may reflect a damaging but small impact of HI; explained in part by smaller BV and different microstructure pathways but not via pathology related to AD (amyloid, hippocampal volume, AD cortical thickness) or ongoing neurodegeneration (serum NFL).