bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION: DIABETIC VERSUS NON-DIABETIC DYSPEPTIC PATIENTS IN SULAIMANI CITY
Authors: Shekhani Mohammad , Ahmad Shaho
Published: November 2018

Background 

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic lifelong condition that widely affects whole body systems. The gastrointestinal tract is one of these systems that is significantly affected by diabetes mellitus. Infection is common and is sometimes severe among diabetic patients. 

Objectives 

To determine the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes mellitus and to show any difference in upper GI endoscopic findings between diabetic and non-diabetic patients who presented with dyspepsia.

Methods

This study is a retrospective study. Sixty diabetic and 60 non-diabetic patients were enrolled in this study, all presented with dyspeptic symptoms, underwent upper GI endoscopy. H. pylori status was evaluated. Glycemic control of diabetic patients was assessed by HbA1c. Comparison between diabetic and non-diabetic patients done.

Results

The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 81.66% among diabetic patients, and 68.33% among nondiabetic patients and the difference in the occurrence of H. pylori between those 2 groups statistically not significant. The duration of diabetes and level of HbA1c were not related to the prevalence of H. pylori infection. The upper GI endoscopic findings were not significantly different between those two groups.

Conclusion

Our study does reveal that although H. pylori infection is more common among diabetics than nondiabetic patients such difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in upper GI endoscopic findings between diabetic and non-diabetic groups.
Molecular genetic identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Yurkov Andrey P. , Kryukov Alexey A. , Gorbunova Anastasia O. , Kojemyakov Andrey P. , Stepanova Galina V. , Machs Eduard M. , Rodionov Alexandr V. , Shishova Maria F.
Published: November 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a widespread symbiosis formed by most land plants with fungi from Glomeromycotina subdivision. The main problem in study of AM fungi is the complication in identification, associated with high intra- and interspecific genetic polymorphism, as well as obligate status of AM fungi in relation to host plant. The methodology for AM fungi identification is constantly undergoing major changes. In the review the selection of optimal methods of molecular genetic identification for AM fungi is carried out. The sample preparation, selection of species-specific marker DNA fragments and primers design, amplification including nested PCR are considered. The prospects for cloning and next generation sequencing for AM fungi identification are analyzed and substantiated.
Polymorphisms of 5’-UTR of rad51 gene in prostate cancer
Authors: Al-Zoubi Mazhar Salim , Al-Batayneh Khalid , Al Trad Bahaa , Alorjani Mohammed , Al Bashir Samir , Al-Zoubi Raed , Al-Zoubi Raed , Al-Khatib Sohaib M. , Al Hamad Mohammad , Abd Al-Razaq Mutaz , Muhaidat Riyad , Matalka Ismail
Published: November 2018

Background. Notwithstanding that prostate cancer is largely studied all over the world for many decades, its etiology is not known and there is an intensive work to elucidate the cause and molecular markers for the development of this male cancer. Polymorphisms in DNA repairing genes may affect the DNA repairing capacity that in turn contributes to cancer development. This study aims to explore the polymorphisms of homologous recombination (HR) RAD51 gene (rs1801320 and rs1801321) as a possible risk factor for developing prostate cancer. Sequencing of 5'-UTR of RAD51 gene (rs1801320 and rs1801321) was studied in 80 DNA samples of prostate cancer and 50 DNA samples from a control group. Our results revealed a significant correlation between rs1801320 GC polymorphism and the presence of prostate cancer in the Jordanian population (p = 0.041, X2 = 6.377). On the other hand, the rs1801321 GT polymorphism was not associated with the presence of prostate cancer in the study population (p = 0.27, X2 = 2.6). In conclusion, our results shed a light on the possible role of RAD51 gene polymorphisms in the development of prostate cancer; however, a larger representative study is needed to elucidate a possible role of RAD51 gene polymorphisms in development and prognosis of prostate cancer.
Long-term gene-environment interactions and genetics of metabolic disorders in aboriginal populations of Northeast Asia
Authors: Malyarchuk Boris A.
Published: November 2018

A review of features of polymorphism of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism genes in aboriginal populations of Siberia is presented. The most significant genetic changes in aboriginal populations of Northeast Asia (Eskimos, Chukchi and Koryaks) are described, related to long-term adaptation to extreme conditions of the natural environment and dietary characteristics. Part of the genetic variability of aboriginal populations of this region is represented by polymorphisms associated with metabolic disorders (deficiency of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A, pancreatic amylase, sucrase-isomaltase, trehalase) caused by the change of the traditional protein-lipid diet to European carbohydrate one. In modern conditions, it is extremely important to perform large-scale genetic testing of aboriginal populations of the Far North.
Sensitive periods in development of endometriosis
Authors: Baranov Vladislav
Published: November 2018

The hypothesis of three sensitive periods (SP) in development of common gynecological disease external endometriosis (EM) is suggested: I prenatal female genital system development from the stem cells (SC) of Mullerian ducts; II uterine endometrial cells transition into mesenchymal meSC; III endometriotic lesions implantation and growth within pelvic lining. Genetic and epigenetic drivers operative at each SP of EM are outlined and their implication for understanding EM origin and development are briefly discussed.
A comprehensive data set demonstrating the spatial variability of soil properties and crop growth conditions at field scale
Authors: Wallor Evelyn , Kersebaum Kurt Christian , Lorenz Karsten , Gebbers Robin
Published: November 2018

A four-year (1999-2002) multivariable data set for one specific agricultural used field located in North Rhine-Westphalia is documented in detailed. The data set focusses on the small-scale heterogeneity of soil properties varying in the spatial and temporal dimension. Initial soil sampling was conducted at altogether 80 sampling points arranged in a regular and a nested grid along the 20 ha large field. Information about the soil inventory (soil texture, soil organic carbon) exists for three subsequent soil layers to a total depth of 90 cm and for every sampling point. Subsequently, the same points and layers were examined for the soil variables soil moisture and soil nitrogen biannually. Additional information about crop rotation, tillage, site-specific fertilization, yield performance and weather complete the data set was that used for model inter-comparison within the crop modelling part (CropM) of the international FACCE JPI MACSUR2 project.
A comparative study of laparoscopic (LC) vs. open cholecystectomy (OC) in a medical school of Bihar, India
Authors: Ranjan Rajiv , Sinha Kishore K. , Chaudhary Mahesh
Published: November 2018

Background: Gallstone disease is a significant health problem world over (in both developing and developed nations). The incidence of gallstone disease increases after age of 40years and it becomes 4-10 times more common in old age. As many as 16% and 29% of women above the age of 40-49 years and 50-59 years, respectively, had gall stones. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy introduced in 1985 has become the procedure of choice for surgical removal of the gallbladder. The aim is to compare laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy in patients of cholelithiasis by measuring parameters such as use of post-operative analgesia, operative time, post-operative hospital stays, morbidity, mortality and patient satisfaction.Methods: It is a prospective randomized study of 120 patients of cholelithiasis aged between 20years to 80years operated during 2015-2018 at of Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India. They were divided into open and laparoscopic Cholecystectomy groups by drawing a lottery.Results: The median (range) operation time for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 55-155 min (mean=102 min) and 40-105 min (mean=72 min) for open cholecystectomy (p <0.001). Form LC group 5 cases had to be converted to OC. Rate of conversion was 5/60=8.3% which is within limits of worldwide laparoscopic cholecystectomy conversion rate of 5% to 10%. LC was found to be superior to OC.Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is better than open cholecystectomy However, open cholecystectomy is preferable in cases of complicated cholecystectomy.
Comparison of acute normovolemic hemodilution effect on the amount of bleeding in the first 48 hours after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Norouzi Vadoud , Hasanpour Mohammad , Khajavi Sahar
Published: November 2018

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of mortality in developed countries, as well as in the whole world. In this regard, autologous transfusion is a topic that can be useful and valuable, especially in complex surgery such as heart surgery and organ transplantation. One of its variants is Acute Normovolomic Hemodilution (ANH). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of ANH on the amount of bleeding in the first 48hours after coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods: In this clinical trial, 100 patients were selected from all heart patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil for CABG surgery in the years 2016-17. They were selected by simple random sampling as a statistical sample and They were divided into intervention (50 ANH recipients’ people) and control groups (50 without ANH people).Results: Based on the findings, in the ANH recipients’ group, the mean of bleeding volume was 59.1±7.3ml in the first day and 55.6±4.2ml in the control group and the difference between the two groups was not significant on the first day. The mean of bleeding volume on the second day was 46.1±2.8ml in the ANH group and 42.7±2.9ml in the control group. Although it was somewhat higher, it was not statistically significant. Of all samples 45% were female and 55% were male. The most common type of blood group was 33 (33%) in the blood group O. The highest age group (61%) was over the 60 years old. The pump time varied with an average of 122.2±21.5minutes. The lowest value was PT 11 and the highest was 15 with an average of 13.02±0.9seconds. The mean of PTT was 32.5±2.6seconds and the mean INR was 1.1±1.0. The average plt was 251170±64124. The mean ACT was 596 / 6±183/7seconds.Conclusions: The results showed that in the mean of bleeding volume between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.41), bleeding volume by age (p = 0.3), bleeding volume by gender (p =0.54) and bleeding volume by blood group (p=0.48) was not significant difference. Based on these results, it is suggested that more studies be done on the more number of samples.
A study of etiological and clinical profile of patients with severe anemia in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: P. Dasharatham , Reddy V. Samyuktha
Published: November 2018

Background: Though anemia due to iron deficiency is quite common in India there has been little wok done on the incidence of etiopathogenesis of severe anemia without apparent cause. Anemia is prevalent throughout the world. The objective of the present endeavour was to study the prevalence of severe anemia, to form an etiological categorization of anemia and to study the prevalence of heart failure in the study groupMethods: Total of 50 patients admitted to the medical ward of MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences and meeting all the exclusion and inclusion criterion were studied. All the patients were subjected to a detailed history and physical examination. All cases were examined in detail according to proforma, investigations, pathological examination and other special tests were carried out.Results: Female preponderance in a ratio of 3:2 was seen. Nutritional anemia was the most common etiology and all cases were seen only in females. Fatigue and tiredness were reported by all patients, hepatomegaly was the most in 42% of the patients. 38 (76%) were found to have cardiac murmurs. As the hemoglobin increased the proportion of patients with heart failure reduced. But this trend was not found to be statistically significant. The association between Hb level and presence of hepatomegaly or splenomegaly was not found to be statistically significant. Thrombocytopenia was the most common cytopenia found in 34%. Only 16% of the patients with severe anemia were found to have normocytic normochromic picture.Conclusions: Severe anemia was found to be associated with morbidity. Hence early detection and prevention by vigorous treatment is important.
Role of diffusion weighted MRI in characterization of renal diseases
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , . Yashpaul , Soni P. K. , Kapoor Dhiraj , Kumar Rajesh , Malakar Sayan , Singh Guriqbal , Dass Bhagwan
Published: November 2018

Background: MRI has the unique ability to show both structure and function objectively without any radiation exposure to the patient. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is a quantitative parameter that combines the effects of capillary perfusion and water diffusion. Renal parameters have shown inverse relationship with the ADC values in these studies. So, ADC values have a potential to serve as a marker of renal function. The aim of the present endeavor was to study the role of DW MRI in characterization of renal function and to find out the clinical use of DW MRI in renal diseases; and establish the relationship between renal function assessed by eGFR and that by DW MRI calculated in terms of ADC values in various renal diseasesMethods: Total 30 patients were included in the study. The study was carried out in department of radiodiagnosis at Dr. RPMGC Kangra. 1.5 Tesla MRI machine was used. The ADC value was calculated at upper, mid and lower pole of each kidney and the mean was taken. Then the mean of right and left kidneys was taken to calculate the mean ADC of the patient.Results: Serum creatinine in present study ranged from 0.67 to 13.9mg/dl, with mean value of 7.28mg/d. Serum urea ranged from 22 to 293mg/dl with the mean of 119.6mg/dl. There was significant inverse correlation occurred between ADC values and serum urea (r=-0.43, p=0.02). There was significant inverse correlation between ADC values and serum creatinine (p=0.01) and a positive correlation between eGFR and ADC values (r=0.14, p=0.47).Conclusions: ADC values consistently decreased with increasing stage of renal failure, so these can be used as an indirect maker of renal function. Authors conclude that lower would be the ADC value more advanced would be the stage of renal failure. DW MRI can also be detect early stages of renal failure even when the serum maker are within normal range.
MUHASEBE EĞİTİMİNDE ULUSLARARASI AKREDİTASYON: ÇEŞİTLERİ, KRİTERLERİ, SÜRECİ VE FAYDALARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ASLAN Tunay , YILMAZ Erdal , KIZIL Cevdet
Published: November 2018

Bu çalışmada
öncelikle akreditasyon teriminin anlamına değinilmiş, daha sonra akreditasyon
süreci ve muhasebe programlarına özgü akreditasyonun tarihi üzerinde
durulmuştur. Aynı zamanda, akreditasyon veren kuruluşlar ve işletme-muhasebe
alanındaki akreditasyon kurumları ele alınmıştır. Bunların yanında, muhasebe
eğitiminde akreditasyonun önemi ve faydaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Araştırma
sonuçlarına değinilerek genel bir değerlendirme yapılmış ve öneriler de
sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, hem işletme hem de muhasebe alanında akreditasyonun birçok paydaş
kapsamında çeşitli avantaj ve faydaları bulunmaktadır. Ek olarak, akredite olan
üniversiteler ve programların sayısı düşünüldüğünde, akreditasyonun öneminin de
gün geçtikçe arttığı görülmektedir. Ancak, akreditasyon süreci aynı zamanda
üniversiteler için maliyetli, zaman alıcı ve fedakarlık gerektiren bir
süreçtir. Direkt ve endirekt bir
takım maliyetlere katlanmayı, kaynakları kullanmayı, işgücü harcamayı ve
çeşitli yatırımlar yapmayı gerektirmektedir. Ayrıca, akreditasyon kurumlarının
çeşitli standartlarının ve taleplerinin karşılanması, dokümantasyon
çalışmalarının tamamlanması ve birçok prosedürün yerine getirilmesi şarttır.
Sonuç olarak, üniversite ve ilgili programlarının bu araştırma sonuçlarını
değerlendirerek akreditasyon süreci hususunda fayda-maliyet analizi yapmaları
önerilmektedir. Hem genel anlamda akreditasyon, hem de spesifik olarak muhasebe
programları bazında akreditasyon konusunda avantajlar ve dezavantajlar birlikte
ele alınmalıdır. Her üniversite ve program kendine özgü bir değerlendirme
yaparak, akreditasyon sürecinin artı ve eksilerini bir bütün olarak düşünüp
tartışmalıdır. Hiç şüphesiz, akreditasyon süreci üniversitelerin ve
programların misyonuna, vizyonuna, kültürüne ve stratejik planlamasına entegre
edilmelidir.
Work Alienation Intervention in Job-Related Tension, Role Overload and Work Effort
Authors: Awang Amran
Published: November 2018

This study examines the extent of direct effect of job-related tension and role overload on work effort. In addition, the mediating role of work alienation in the relationships between job-related tension, role overload and work effort were ascertained. The study utilizes 367 academicians working in El-Azhar University, a higher education institution in Egypt. Hypotheses were verified using direct and mediated multiple regression technique suggesting all five direct and two mediated relationship substantiated. The results proved that in order to enhance work effort in the university, work alienation, job-related tension and role overload are required to be removed or reduced. Subsequently, work alienation poses intervening effect in job related tension and role overload and work effort relationships.
GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA: UMA ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO DAS COMPANHIAS ABERTAS BRASILEIRAS LISTADAS NOS NÍVEIS DA BM&FBOVESPA
Authors: Sousa de Oliveira Mário César , De Morais Hugo Azevedo Rangel , De Souza Neto Moises Ozório , De Lima Jairo Henrique
Published: November 2018

Boas práticas de governança corporativa tendem a aprimorar a performance econômica, aumentar o retorno sobre o investimento, da mesma maneira aumentar o valor das companhias. Diante dessa conjuntura, o presente estudo objetiva verificar quais são as alterações ocorridas na performance de rentabilidade das companhias, em virtude da adesão aos níveis de boa prática de governança corporativa da BM&FBOVESPA, em nove (09) companhias de variados setores do mercado. Para isso, foram analisados três (03) indicadores econômico-financeiros utilizados para verificar a rentabilidade das organizações no período de 2010 a 2013. A pesquisa pode ser caracterizada como descritiva e quantitativa. Com relação aos dados, os mesmos foram coletados no banco de dados do Software Economática®. A pesquisa utilizou de teste Wilcoxon para analisar a diferença entre médias dos indicadores antes e depois da inserção ao segmento de listagem, Novo Mercado (NM). Os resultados apontaram que não há diferenças nos indicadores quando comparados o ano antes e anos posteriores à adesão ao nível de governança corporativa quando analisados de forma conjunta, o contrário ocorreu quando se analisou as companhias individualmente, notou-se que o valor de mercado aumentou em 70% das empresas. Portanto, é oportuno frisar que o simples fato de uma empresa ingressar em um dos níveis de governança corporativa da BM&FBOVESPA não representa, necessariamente, reflexo direto e imediato, em seu desempenho ou valor total de mercado.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM PAINEL ESTRATÉGICO BASEADO NAS PERSPECTIVAS DO BALANCED SCORECARD PARA O DEPARTAMENTO DE FINANÇAS DA UFSC
Authors: Coelho Gabriel Nilson , Petri Sérgio Murilo , Borges Ana Paula de Archer de Arruda , Hammes Junior David Daniel
Published: November 2018

O trabalho tem por objetivo a construção de um Painel Estratégico baseado nas Perspectivas do Balanced Scorecard para o Departamento Financeiro da UFSC. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como estratégia de investigação um estudo de caso. Foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico com a intenção de buscar estudos empíricos relacionados ao tema. A coleta de dados se deu através de entrevistas estruturadas, observação participante e análise de registros de arquivos. Como resultado obteve-se um Painel Estratégico, ferramenta legitimada pelo responsável do setor, baseado nas perspectivas do Balanced Scorecard que serve como ferramenta estratégica para o gestor na avaliação de desempenho para o departamento estudado.
GESTÃO DE PESSOAS E FIDELIZAÇÃO DE FUNCIONÁRIOS: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE DUAS REDES SUPERMERCADISTAS DA CIDADE DE BOA VISTA-RR
Authors: Araújo Ícaro Matheus Cunha , Mendes Denise Figueiró
Published: November 2018

Este estudo teve por finalidade identificar as estratégias voltadas para a fidelização de funcionários no contexto de duas redes de supermercados, cadastrados no SINE (Sistema Nacional de Emprego e Renda), de Boa Vista – RR. Após elucidar a relevância das relações de trabalho, buscou-se conceituar a gestão de pessoas, assim como as políticas e práticas de treinamento e desenvolvimento, avaliação de desempenho, valorização de pessoas, qualidade de vida no trabalho, higiene, segurança e medicina do trabalho e a relação entre motivação e fidelização. Para atingir aos objetivos propostos, realizou-se um estudo descritivo-explicativo, de caráter qualitativo, envolvendo levantamento bibliográfico, estudo de caso e questionário. O estudo concluiu, ao examinar o contexto das empresas, que apesar de desenvolverem estratégias organizacionais voltadas para a gestão de pessoas, suas práticas e ações ainda são informais e limitadas, o que pode refletir na motivação e fidelização dos funcionários.
UM MAPEAMENTO EMPÍRICO DO CAMPO DE GESTÃO DE OPERAÇÕES E LOGÍSTICA
Authors: Vilela Bruno de Almeida , De Souza Alves Camila , De Cássia Macedo Roberta , Werneck Marcelo , Correia Ferreira Rui Fernando
Published: November 2018

Ao abordar o campo de gestão de operações e logística é preciso entender que a área, antes vista como responsiva e em níveis operacionais, ganha status estratégico e passa a ser vista como possibilidade mais central, enquanto fonte de vantagem competitiva. Devido as mudanças nas abordagens sobre o campo de pesquisa da área apresenta-se como problema de pesquisa a seguinte questão: qual espaço a área de gestão de operações e logística possui em publicações acadêmicas? Objetiva-se com o presente artigo apresentar o campo editorial em gestão de operações e logística, bem como os principais pesquisadores. Metodologicamente a primeira fonte de dados utilizada foi um estudo bibliométrico (Walter et al, 2012), reunindo as publicações na área de logística do EnANPAD entre os períodos de 1997 a 2011. A segunda fonte de dados foi construída pelos autores, através da análise de artigos da área de gestão em operações e logística.
Imposto Territorial Rural: análise quantitativa da descentralização do imposto nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA MOREIRA MARIA CAROLINA PEREIRA , MASSARDI WELLINGTON DE OLIVEIRA
Published: November 2018

Os municípios brasileiros possuem uma fraca base de arrecadação própria, com o objetivo de aumentar seus recursos próprios surge a oportunidade em realizar a arrecadação total do Imposto Territorial Rural (ITR), que é de competência da União e 50% transferido ao município de origem, por meio da adoção de um convênio com a União. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a arrecadação do ITR de todos os municípios brasileiros fazendo uma comparação entre os conveniados ou não para verificar se apresentaram aumento na arrecadação após adesão ao convênio. Metodologicamente foi utilizado o software StatisticalPacotof SocialScience (SPSS) para estimação do modelo de regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados demonstraram que estatisticamente não há influência significativa em relação aos municípios serem ou não conveniados, um dos fatores relevantes quanto ao nível de arrecadação do tributo, foi o município possuir um índice elevado de valor adicionado á agricultura o que subentende-se que possuem atividade econômica predominantemente agropecuária e por esse motivo terá uma maior receita da arrecadação do ITR .
Tratamiento nutricional en pacientes con fibrosis quística
Authors: López Mejía Lizbeth , Vergara-Vázquez2 Mónica , López Olivan Fabiola , Bautista-Silva Miriam , Guillén López Sara
Published: November 2018

La fibrosis quística es una enfermedad genética, de herencia autosómica recesiva, ocasionada por una mutación en el gen regulador de la conductancia transmembranal de la fibrosis quística (CFTR). La nutrición forma parte del tratamiento multidisciplinario y juega un papel fundamental porque el mantenimiento de un adecuado estado nutricional se relaciona con mayor supervivencia y mejor calidad de vida. Como parte de la rutina a partir del momento del diagnóstico y a lo largo de toda la vida es necesaria la evaluación nutricional completa. La desnutrición es uno de los principales problemas de los pacientes con fibrosis quística; se asocia con tres factores: incremento de la demanda energética, disminución de la ingestión dietética y aumento de las pérdidas energéticas por malabsorción. El requerimiento de energía, proteína y lípidos es mayor en comparación con individuos sanos. Se recomienda la suplementación con vitaminas liposolubles, y la de otros micronutrimentos, como calcio, hierro y sodio. La prescripción de antioxidantes, ácidos grasos omega-3 y probióticos está en estudio. Puesto que 80-90% de los pacientes sufren insuficiencia pancreática exocrina es indispensable el reemplazo enzimático con dosis individualizadas de acuerdo con la edad, estado nutricional y signos clínicos.PALABRAS CLAVE: Fibrosis quística; aporte calórico; vitaminas; suplementos de micronutrimentos; CFTR; tamizaje del recién nacido.
The Selfie on Europe’s Shores: Ai Weiwei and the Selfie as a Means of Safe Passage
Authors: Poletti Anna
Published: November 2018

In the introduction to On Histories and Stories, A. S. Byatt argues that ‘those of us who write about modern writing have a duty to keep the discussion open’ in order ‘to create new paradigms, which will bring new books, new styles, new preoccupations to the attention of readers’. This paper considers how Byatt’s suggestion about the role of the critic writing about living authors can be adapted for scholarship and criticism that seeks to respond to new forms of life writing that have emerged in the digital age.
Potencial de utilização de resíduos da indústria papeleira como substratos para cultivo de Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi)
Authors: Anzolin Valginhak Débora , Stutz Dalla Santa Herta
Published: November 2018

No Brasil, o Paraná é um dos estados que mais recebem destaque no setor de papel e celulose. A Ibema Cia Brasileira de Papel é a terceira maior fabricante de papelcartão do país, responsável pela geração de lucros e empregos, mas também de resíduos, como a varredura da área do pátio de madeira (VAR), a fibra da fábrica de pasta mecânica (FPM) e fibra da estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE). O cultivo de cogumelos em resíduos da indústria há muito tempo é avaliado, visto que esses organismos apresentam propriedades biodegradadoras, alimentares e até medicinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os resíduos da indústria papeleira e avaliar a aplicação destes e de suas misturas para a produção de cogumelos Ganoderma lucidum. A presença de elementos químicos foi determinada com uso de microscopia eletrônica de varredura acoplado a um detector de espectro de energia dispersiva. Após o preparo dos substratos em sacos plásticos, inoculação com grãos de trigo miceliados e incubação, foi avaliado o crescimento e vigor micelial, o surgimento de primórdios e basidiomas. Nenhum substrato apresentou elementos químicos prejudiciais ao ser humano. O resíduo FPM e o substrato padrão apresentaram crescimento micelial fortemente adensado, bem como a formação de primórdios e basidiomas aos 65 dias e 26 dias após a colonização dos substratos, respectivamente. O resíduo FPM serviu como substrato para o desenvolvimento de G. lucidum, de forma que seu uso na produção do cogumelo possibilita agregar valor a este resíduo e reduzir sua disposição no meio ambiente.
Modelos não lineares ajustados à produção acumulada de biogás provenientes de camas sobrepostas de suínos
Authors: De Castro Silveira Sílvio , Augusto Muniz Joel , Aparecida Sousa Francine , Torres Campos Alessandro
Published: November 2018

Vive-se atualmente diversos problemas com a escassez de chuvas, um deles é a baixa produção de energia hidrelétrica e consequente elevação nos preços da tarifa de energia elétrica; para o homem do campo a situação pode ser pior ainda visto que nem todos são atendidos com o fornecimento de energia elétrica. Uma saída para o homem do campo é aproveitar os resíduos provenientes das atividades de plantio e criação para a produção do biogás através de biodigestores e geração de energia. Além do benefício do biogás e da energia, a utilização dos resíduos nos biodigestores promove o saneamento rural e produz biofertilizante de alta qualidade.  Este trabalho trata-se de um estudo de regressão com os modelos não lineares sigmoide de Boltzmann, Gompertz e Logístico utilizando-se de dados provenientes de um projeto desenvolvido por Sousa (2014) com o objetivo de verificar qual modelo de regressão não linear melhor se ajusta à produção acumulada de biogás proveniente de biodigestores modelo batelada com material diluído de cama de suíno preparada com maravalha e bagaço de cana e somente com maravalha. Verificou-se que o modelo não linear sigmoide de Boltzmann é superior aos demais modelos e por consequência mais eficiente para o dimensionamento da produção de biogás e energia elétrica.
Adubação NPK via fertilizante organomineral em soja de elevado potencial produtivo e solo com fertilidade construída
Authors: Hickamnn Clério , Sachett Jean Marlon , Cericato Alceu , Klein Claudia , Sordi André , Lajús Cristiano Reschke
Published: November 2018

A exigência nutricional e o potencial de exportação da cultura soja no sistema de produção são determinados por fatores genéticos, influenciados por fatores climáticos, da fertilidade do solo e pelo manejo fitossanitário. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da soja de elevada produtividade quando fornecido adubação NPK com fertilizante organomineral na semeadura, em solo de fertilidade construída. O experimento foi instalado no ano agrícola 2015/2016, em uma propriedade localizada em Maravilha, Extremo Oeste de Santa Catarina. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de 0 (tratamento controle), 193, 386, 579, 772 kg ha-1 do formulado organomineral NPK 06-14-08 fornecidos na semeadura e 77 kg ha-1 de cloreto de potássio em cobertura. Foram avaliados o número de legumes por planta, massa de 1.000 grãos, produtividade de grãos e análise econômica. O número de legumes por planta não é influenciado pelas doses crescentes do fertilizante organomineral. A massa de 1.000 grãos tem acréscimo linear com o aumento das doses de fertilizantes supridos na semeadura. A dose de 772 kg ha-1 obtém a maior produtividade de grãos (3.477 kg ha-1) e a dose de 386 kg ha-1 obtém o melhor retorno econômico (lucro líquido), que é R$781,08 ha-1.
Sumário
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: November 2018

Sumário
Influencia alemana en la reforma de las Escuelas Normales de Preceptores y Preceptoras en el centro sur de Chile, 1883-1920
Authors: Mansilla Sepúlveda Juan Guillermo
Published: November 2018

Este artículo estudia la influencia de la pedagogía alemana en la reforma a la instrucción de profesores y profesoras en las Escuelas Normales que impulsaron los Gobiernos liberales a fines del siglo xixen Chile. Las visitas a Alemania realizadas principalmente por Valentín Letelier Madariaga y José Abelardo Núñez les permitieron convencerse de la superioridad de los métodos germanos y la necesidad de otorgar a la pedagogía chilena un estatus científico, a imagen y semejanza de la cultura europea occidental y positivista. Con el análisis teórico documental que se realiza se pretende comprender la dinámica que adquirió la presencia ideológica y cultural alemana en el proyecto Estado-Nación pensado y soñado por los grupos dirigentes oligárquicos de Chile a partir de la formación de preceptores y preceptoras. El método fue cualitativo-descriptivo con un diseño historiográfico, el cual se desarrolló a partir de la triangulación metodológica entre fuentes primarias y secundarias. Los resultados pueden contribuir a promover el interés por estudiar un campo inexplorado por la investigación educativa en Chile: la enorme influencia alemana en los inicios de la instalación de la escuela normal en el centro sur de Chile.
Sincronía de tiempos rituales y solares en las estructuras de 4 X 65 días de los códices mayas.
Authors: Barrera Atuesta Carlos
Published: November 2018

Este documento presenta una metodología viable para mantener en sincronía fechas solares características del ciclo agrícola mesoamericano con reconocidos ciclos calendáricos y celestes. El procedimiento establecido combina técnicas simples de aritmética modular con el desarrollo de estructuras de 4 x 65 días centradas sobre la referencia solar de origen más probable del calendario civil maya: el solsticio de invierno. Los resultados obtenidos revelan nuevas dimensiones de cómputo entre fechas rituales, representadas por múltiples intervalos canónicos y astronómicos que se desarrollan paralelamente en ambos sentidos del tiempo. El alcance general de los intervalos oscila entre el orden de los días y los siglos, y su precisión suele ser menor de ±1 día.
Baños de vapor en sitios arqueológicos zoques. Nuevos datos desde el occidente de Chiapas.
Authors: Domenici Davide , Zurla Lorenzo , Campiani Arianna , Lee Whiting Thomas A.
Published: November 2018

Las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo por el Proyecto Arqueológico Río La Venta en la Selva El Ocote, Chiapas, han permitido investigar varios baños de vapor en sitios zoques fechados entre el Clásico Tardío-Terminal y el Posclásico Tardío; entre ellos destaca un monumental baño de vapor rectangular del periodo Clásico Tardío-Terminal, ubicado en el centro del sitio arqueológico de El Higo. Este temazcal es casi idéntico a los previamente excavados en los sitios de San Antonio, Chiapas, y Malpasito, Tabasco, ambos asociados a juegos de pelota.             Los tres baños de vapor monumentales del Clásico Tardío-Terminal pertenecen a una misma tipología relacionada con una fase de gran florecimiento cultural de los grupos zoqueanos de Chiapas y Tabasco. Sus características sugieren que una modalidad específica de juego de pelota, junto con los rituales asociados a ella, constituyó un fuerte elemento de cohesión sociopolítica de la esfera cultural zoqueana. Los datos relativos a los baños de vapor posclásicos, de forma circular y a veces asociados a plataformas también circulares, son un primer acercamiento a una fase tardía de la cultura zoque, aún poco conocida desde el punto de vista arqueológico. En el presente artículo se resumen, asimismo, los datos arqueológicos relativos a otros baños de vapor hallados en el área zoque, contextualizando así los hallazgos del Proyecto Arqueológico Río La Venta, que se describen en forma sistemática por primera vez.
Anticipación de eventos en la narrativa de los vasos dinásticos de Kaan
Authors: Mumary Farto Pablo Alberto
Published: November 2018

Los conocidos como vasos dinásticos son un material cerámico estilo códice en el que se registraron textos jeroglíficos que muestran diferentes listados de gobernantes vinculados al glifo emblema de la Cabeza de Serpiente. Sus narrativas compuestas por complejos signos, fechas calendáricas que en ocasiones difieren o son erróneas y estructuras sintácticas enrevesadas, convierten dichas vasijas en un difícil elemento de estudio. En el presente escrito, a través de un análisis de los textos de 11 vasos dinásticos, se mostrará la información “oculta” que resguardan dichos recipientes; ello permitirá proponer nuevas consideraciones relacionadas con la manufactura y el propósito de los textos dinásticos de los señores de Kaan.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Katang-Katang (Ipomoea Pescaprae. L) dari Pulau Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Andayani Dahlia , Nugrahani Rizki
Published: November 2018

Katang-katang (Ipomoea Pescaprae L.) merupakan jenis tanaman merambat yang biasa digunakan oleh masyarakat suku sasak sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengobati sengatan ubur-ubur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antioksidan daun katang-katang dari pantai tanjung karang lombok sehingga dapat dikembangkan menjadi obat herbal yang berkhasiat sebagai antiinflamasi dan aman dikonsumsi jangka panjang. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif dan aktivitas antioksidan in vitro ekstrak etanol daun katang-katang menggunakan Metode DPPH dengan vitamin C sebagai pembanding. Ekstrak etanol daun katang katang dibuat dalam bebarapa konsentrasi yaitu 10, 50, 100, 150, 200 dan 250 µg/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun katang katang dari pulau lombok mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin dan tanin. Persen penghambatan radikal bebas meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan konsentrasi yaitu konsentrasi 10 µg/ml memiliki persen penghambatan terendah sebesar 28,02% dan konsentrasi 250 µg/ml memiliki persen perhambata tertinggi 91,30%. Ekstrak etanol daun katang katang mampu menghambat radikal bebas dengan nilai IC50 46,774 Hasil ini menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat tetapi masih lebih rendah dari vitamin C yang memiliki IC50 sebesar -0,29.
Minimally Invasive Versus Open Repair for Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture
Authors: Grassi Alberto , Amendola Annunziato , Samuelsson Kristian , Svantesson Eleonor , Romagnoli Matteo , Bondi Alice , Mosca Massimiliano , Zaffagnini Stefano
Published: November 2018

Background:

There is no consensus on the optimal technique for repairing an acute Achilles tendon rupture. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the complications, subjective outcomes, and functional results between minimally invasive surgery and open repair of an Achilles tendon rupture.

Methods:

A systematic literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EBSCOhost, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing minimally invasive surgery and open repair of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. A meta-analysis was performed, while bias and the quality of the evidence were rated according to the Cochrane Database questionnaire and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines. The meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Results:

Eight studies, with 182 patients treated with minimally invasive surgery and 176 treated with open repair, were included. The meta-analysis showed a significantly decreased risk ratio (RR) of 0.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10 to 0.40, p = 0.00001) for overall complications and 0.15 (95% CI = 0.05 to 0.46, p = 0.0009) for wound infection after minimally invasive surgery. Patients treated with minimally invasive surgery were more likely to report good or excellent subjective results (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.33, p = 0.009). No differences between groups were found with respect to reruptures, sural nerve injury, return to preinjury activity level, time to return to work, or ankle range of motion. The overall quality of evidence was generally low because of a substantial risk of bias, heterogeneity, indirectness of outcome reporting, and evaluation of a limited number of patients.

Conclusions:

There was a significantly decreased risk of postoperative complications, especially wound infection, when acute Achilles tendon rupture was treated with minimally invasive surgery compared with open surgery. Patients treated with minimally invasive surgery were significantly more likely to report a good or excellent subjective outcome. Current evidence is associated with high heterogeneity and a considerable risk of bias.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Stability of the Porous Tantalum Components Used in Revision THA to Treat Severe Acetabular Defects
Authors: Solomon Lucian B. , Abrahams John M. , Callary Stuart A. , Howie Donald W.
Published: November 2018

Background:

The acetabular components used in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) to treat severe acetabular bone defects have high rates of re-revision at mid to long-term follow-up. Early translation of acetabular components used in revision THA is a good predictor of later loosening, and radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is the most sensitive method to measure migration. The objectives of the present study were to use RSA to compare the migration of the porous tantalum acetabular components used to treat severe bone defects with the previously established acceptable proximal translation threshold of ≤1 mm within 2 years, and to determine the effect on migration of the addition of inferior screws through the component into the ischium or pubis.

Methods:

RSA was utilized to measure the migration of 55 porous tantalum components used to treat severe acetabular defects (28 Paprosky IIIA, 27 Paprosky IIIB; 21 hips with pelvic discontinuity) at a mean follow-up of 4 years (range, 2 to 12 years).

Results:

Forty-eight of the 55 components migrated less than the threshold that predicts later loosening (>1 mm) and 50 had not been re-revised at the time of the latest follow-up. Seven components, none of which had inferior screw fixation, exceeded the translation threshold. Of these, 6 were implanted to treat pelvic discontinuity. Of those 6 components, 5 were re-revised for loosening related to patient symptoms. At 2 years, the absolute median proximal translation of components with inferior screw fixation was |0.3| mm (range, |0.1| to |0.9| mm), compared with |0.4| mm (range, |0.03| to |16.4| mm) for those without inferior screws (p = 0.04).

Conclusions:

As measured with use of RSA, the majority of porous tantalum acetabular components used in a revision THA to treat severe acetabular defects had acceptable early migration. This predicts good long-term survivorship of these components. The use of inferior screws further improved acetabular component fixation.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Effect of Time During the Academic Year or Resident Training Level on Complication Rates After Lower-Extremity Orthopaedic Trauma Procedures
Authors: Casp Aaron J. , Patterson Brendan M. , Yarboro Seth R. , Tennant Josh N.
Published: November 2018

Background:

Few studies have evaluated the effect of resident participation on morbidity and mortality after orthopaedic trauma surgery. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether complications after orthopaedic trauma procedures involving residents correlate with the level of resident training and the timing in the academic year.

Methods:

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for all patients who underwent operative fixation of proximal femoral fractures, femoral shaft fractures, and tibial shaft fractures from 2005 to 2012. A total of 1,851 cases with resident involvement were identified, and complication rates were calculated and analyzed with respect to resident level of training (postgraduate year [PGY] 1 through 6) and the academic quarter in which the procedure took place.

Results:

The composite complication rates in the first academic quarter for serious adverse events (10.96%), any adverse events (18.57%), and surgical complications (9.62%) did not significantly differ from those during the remainder of the year (11.40%, 17.81%, and 7.19%, respectively). The rates of any adverse event were significantly higher for senior-level residents (quarter 1, 20.58%; quarter 2, 20.05%) than for junior residents (quarter 1, 11.76%; quarter 2, 12.44%) during the first half of the academic year (quarter 1, p = 0.044; quarter 2, p = 0.024).

Conclusions:

This evaluation of the composite complication rates found no “July effect” in lower-extremity orthopaedic trauma surgery. There was evidence for a July effect for superficial surgical site infections, in that there was a significantly higher rate in the first academic quarter. Senior residents may benefit from more oversight or instruction during the first portion of the academic year.
Diversidad de género en la movilidad cotidiana en la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Rodríguez Moya Juana María , García Palomares Juan Carlos
Published: November 2018

Texto resumen.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties of 2-(Prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde Derivatives
Authors: Konus Metin , Aydemir Selahattin , Yilmaz Can , Kivrak Arif , Kizildogan Aslihan Kurt , Arpacı Pembegül Uyar
Published: November 2018

5-bromo-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde (compound 3) and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-(prop-2-
yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde (compound 5) were synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Compound 5 showed higher antioxidant capacity with respect to compound 3 in all the four different
antioxidant activity methods used. Moreover, in phosphomolybdenum assay, compound 5, with 1.1
proportion value, showed almost the same total antioxidant capacity compared to universal trolox
standard. Furthermore, Broth microdilution method and agar disc diffusion tests demonstrated that the
same compound also exhibited good antibacterial activity towards the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. Finally,
both of the benzaldehyde compounds showed high antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. In
this study, compound 5 (IC50: 54.3 µg/ml) showed significant cytotoxic activity against breast adenocarcinoma
cell line MCF-7 with respect to compound 3 (IC50: 173.4 µg/ml).
A Comprehensive Review on C-3 Functionalization of β-Lactams
Authors: Nagpal Reshma , Bhalla Jitender , Bari Shamsher S.
Published: November 2018

Background:

A lot of advancement has been made in the area of β-lactams in recent times. Most of the research is targeted towards the synthesis of novel β-lactams, their functionalization and exploring their biological potential. The C-3 functionalization of β-lactams has continued to attract considerable interest of the scientific community due to their utility as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis and their therapeutic applications. This has led to the significant increase in efforts towards developing efficient and economic strategies for C-3 functionalized β-lactams.

Objective:

The present review aims to highlight recent advancement made in C-3 functionalization of β-lactams.

Conclusion:

To summarize, functionalization of β-lactams at C-3 is an essential aspect of β-lactam chemistry in order to improve/modify its synthetic utility as well as biological potential. The C-3 carbocation equivalent method has emerged as an important and convenient strategy for C-3 functionalization of β-lactam heterocycles which provides a wide range of β-lactams viz. 3-alkylated β-lactams, 3-aryl/heteroarylated β-lactams, 3- alkoxylated β-lactams. On the other hand, base mediated functionalization of β-lactams via carbanion intermediate is another useful approach but their scope is limited by the requirement of stringent reaction conditions. In addition to this, organometallic reagent mediated α-alkylation of 3-halo/3-keto-β-lactams also emerged as interesting methods for the synthesis of functionalized β-lactams having good yields and diastereoselectivities.