bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONOTATIF CIGULU-CIGULU DALAM BAHASA MELAYU MANADO (BMM)
Authors: Rawung Willem Hanny , Kalangi Leika M V. , Pamantung Rina
Published: March 2020

AbstractCigulu-cigulu is a form of a riddle game. A question or a statement was delivered and then the other person or the interlocuters must find the appropiate answer or the respond for the said question or statement. Cigulu-cigulu is the abbreviated form of "cigi kong gulung-gulung in Manado Malay (BMM), If translated to Bahasa Indonesia it means "tarik lalu digulung" (pull then roll). The research method used to find connotative meanings in cigulu-cigulu is a qualitative descriptive method with the intention of understanding phenomena experienced by informants such as behavior, perception, motivation, etc. by means of descriptions in the form of words and language in a specific context that is natural and by utilizing natural methods. The results showed that in cigulu-cigulu found connotative meaning both positive and negative. Positive when statements / questions are submitted or answers to statements / statements; vice versa. Generally cigulu-cigulu associated with food. The food in question is typical or traditional food from Manado. Semantically this is motivated because Manado have varieties of delicious food. Manadonese people are also known to likely state everything directly, not ashamed to express something "taboo" which for some other communities / cultures are considered uncultured or even forbidden to say.Keywords: cigulu-cigulu, BMM, connotative meaning
СИСТЕМА УПРАЖНЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ОБУЧЕНИЯ НАУЧНОМУ СТИЛЮ СТУДЕНТОВ-ФИЛОЛОГОВ
Authors: LAGAY Elena
Published: March 2020

В статье рассматриваются методические аспекты обучения студентов-филологов научной речи. В современных условиях расширения международного сотрудничества во всех направлениях задача воспитания культуры научного мышления, и соответственно культуры научной речи, особенно актуальна.
Формирование у студентов навыков свободного владения научным языком в письменной и устной форме, особенно у студентов-филологов, чья профессиональная деятельность напрямую зависит от уровня владения коммуникативными навыками, является важнейшей лингвометодической проблемой. Для успешного решения этой проблемы необходимо не только совершенствование методического мастерства, но и глубокое всестороннее изучение стиля научной речи. Разработка вопросов обучения правильному, точному восприятию и использованию в практических целях языковых и конструктивных особенностей научного стиля основывается на требовании современной методики — обучать языку на материале специальности. Это обусловливает необходимость отбора грамматических конструкций, употребительных в подъязыке учебной литературы по современному русскому языку, для усвоения студентами. В статье обосновывается целесообразность систематической и планомерной работы, основывающейся на выполнении комплекса разнообразных упражнений: рецептивных, репродуктивных и продуктивных, в процессе выполнения которых студенты усваивают определенный минимум конструкций научного стиля, который может служить базой для употребления по аналогии другого языкового материала.
HUBUNGAN PERAN PERAWAT DALAM RESPONSE TIME DENGAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI IGD RUMAH SAKIT UMUM KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Kusniawati Kusniawati , Susanti Ricka Ardila
Published: March 2020

Instalasi Gawat Darurat sebagai unit pertama intra rumah sakit yang diakses oleh pasien atau keluarga untuk mendapatkan pertolongan awal yang cepat,tepat dan holistik terutama pada kasus kegawatdaruratan. Kondisi ini membutuhkan prioritas penanganan pasien yang datang ke IGD sesuai waktu tanggap (response time). Penanganan tersebut dilakukan petugas sesuai peranannya masing–masing. Adapun peran perawat yang dapat dilakukan meliputi caregiver, client advocate, counsellor, educator, collaborator, coordinator dan counsultan. Kejadian gawat darurat biasanya berlangsung secara tiba–tiba sehingga sulit memprediksi waktu terjadinya, hal tersebut membuat pemerintah menuntut setiap rumah sakit untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sebagai strategi utama yang berorientasi pada kepuasan pasien. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan peran perawat dalam response time dengan tingkat kepuasan pelanggan di IGD Rumah Sakit Umum Kabupaten Tangerang. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode studi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian merupakan perawat yang berperan dalam response time dan pasien maupun keluarga. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara peran perawat dalam response time dengan kepuasan pelanggan yakni nilai p value 0,001 (< α 0,05). Hal tersebut menegaskan peran perawat sangat penting dalam menentukan kepuasan pelanggan. Diharapkan perawat dapat meningkatkan peranannya selama response time dalam memberikan pelayanan prima.
PROMOSI MEDIA FILM BERBAHASA BENGKULU BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN MOTIVASI WANITA DALAM DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS MELALUI IVA TES
Authors: Andriani Lusi , Yanniarti Sri , Widiyanti Desi , Destariyani Elvi
Published: March 2020

The incidence of Cervical cancer about 16/ 100,000 women, 70% of deaths occur in poor and developing countries. It is estimated that approximately 528,000 new cases of cervical cancer and caused 266,000 people to die. The purpose of this study to determine the impact of local language movies on knowledge and motivation Women in the implementation of early detection of cervical cancer by the IVA test. This study uses a quantitative method with a design quasi-experimental pre and post-test with control group design, data were collected using a questionnaire. Samples were 60 women in the Kampung Melayu district area consists of 30 people as the intervention group and 30 in the comparison group. The data analysis used univariate, the bivariate test of T-dependent and T-test Independent, multivariate use MANCOVA.

Results showed knowledge before and after intervention increased from 10.73 into 12.80 with p-value(0.000) and Motivation scores increase of 56.57 into 60.40 with p-value (0.002). There are significant differences between the intervention group and the comparison group with p-value(0.002) for the knowledge and p (0.000) for motivation. There was a significant effect of the variable Independent Movie towards Knowledge and Motivation women with pValue 0.00, covariate variable does not affect the knowledge and motivation with p-Value greater than α =0.05. Need to campaign on an ongoing basis to be able to motivate women in carrying out the examination IVA and the media that is used needs to be varied so that women interested and more easily understand the message.
PENGARUH INTERVENSI PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DENGAN METODE PEER GROUP TERHADAP KONSEP DIRI REMAJA DI MAN 1 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Linda Sri Linda
Published: March 2020

Remaja  merupakan masa transisi yang menghubungkan antara periode anak  menuju  periode  dewasa, sehingga memerlukan perhatian dan perlindungan yang  khusus. Selama pubertas, remaja rentan mengalami permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan kesehatan reproduksi dan seksual. Permasalahan yang terjadi bisa berkaitan dengan cara remaja menjaga diri agar tetap sehat secara reproduksi ataupun juga dalam menjaga perilaku agar tidak melakukan aktivitas yang beresiko. Pada masa remaja terdapat beberapa perkembangan, salah satunya adalah perkembangan konsep diri. Pada usia remaja dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA termasuk dalam tahapan remaja akhir (late adolescence) yang memiliki ciri-ciri lebih dekat dengan teman sebaya. Penanganan yang dilakukan untuk mencegah masalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja adalah melalui empat pendekatan yaitu institusi, keluarga, kelompok sebaya (peer group), dan tempat kerja. Kuatnya pengaruh kelompok sebaya (peer group) dikarenakan remaja lebih banyak berada diluar rumah bersama dengan teman sebaya sebagai kelompok, maka dapatlah dimengerti bahwa pengaruh teman sebaya pada sikap, pembicaraan, minat, penampilan, dan perilaku lebih besar dari pada pengaruh keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh intervensi pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi dengan metode peer group terhadap konsep diri remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu (Quasy Experimental) menggunakan pola rancangan satu kelompok dengan pengukuran pre test dan post test (one group pretest posttest design). Ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik dengan rerata skor konsep diri pada kelompok pre test dan post test dengan p-value 0.001.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK TERHADAP PERILAKU MEROKOK SISWA SLTA DI RANGKASBITUNG TAHUN 2019
Authors: Suhartini Suhartini , Ahmad Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Merokok merupakan salah satu perilaku yang merugikan kesehatan, baik bagi dirinya maupun orang lain yang ada disekitar orang yang sedang merokok. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018 menyebutkan prevalensi perokok usia 15 – 18 tahun masih  sebesar 9,1 %, lebih tinggi dari target RPJM sebesar 5,4 %, serta meningkat dari hasil riset kesehatan dasar tahun 2013 yang hanya sebesar 7,2%,  Sekolah sebagai salah satu tempat strategis dalam membentuk perilaku para siswanya untuk tidak merokok,. Salah satu penciptaan kondisi lingkungan yang memungkinkan siswa untuk tidak merokok tersebut adalah dengan diberlakukannya lingkungan sekolah sebagai Kawasan tanpa asap Rokok (KTR). Penelitian ini bertujuan diketahuinya pengaruh implementasi kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok terhadap perilaku merokok siswa SLTA di Rangkasbitung tahun 2019

Penelitian dilaksanakan di dua Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di wilayah Kota Rangkasbitung Kabupaten Lebak, yakni SMA Negeri III Rangkasbitung dan SMA Negeri I Kecamatan Cibadak Kabupaten Lebak. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah crosessctonal study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa laki-laki kelas XI di dua SMAN di Rangkasbitung yang berjumlah 164 orang, sedangkan sampel penelitian sebanyak 114 siswa.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Perilaku merokok siswa di sekolah yang belum memiliki kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok  proporsinya lebih tinggi (57,9 %) dibanding siswa di sekolah yang memiliki kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (36,1 %). Perilaku merokok proporsinya hampir sama terjadi pada siswa yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang dengan siswa yang memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang rokok, Tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan siswa dengan perilaku  merokok siswa.. Perilaku merokok proporsinya lebih tinggi terjadi pada siswa yang memiliki sikap positip tentang rokok (90,9%) dibanding siswa yang memiliki sikap negative (33,7%)., Ada hubungan antara keberadaan kebijakan KTR di sekolah dengan perilaku  merokok  dengan  nilai OR= 19,677 yang berarti bahwa sikap yang memiliki sikap positif tentang rokok memiliki peluang 19,677 kali untuk merokok dibanding siswa yang memiliki sikap negative tentang rokok.

Perlunya siswa lebih memahami tentang bahaya rokok bagi kesehatan, melalui berbagai sumber belajar baik buku, media online, tenaga kesehatan maupun guru sehingga pengetahuan tentang bahaya rokok bagi kesehatan akan lebih utuh dan lengkap
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTI PASIEN, PERILKU BERSESIKO DAN IMS DENGAN KEJADIAN HIV/AIDS PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI KLINIK VCT UPT BLUD PUSKESMAS MENINTING TAHUN 2015-2017
Authors: Oktaseli Saembe , Rachmawati Mutiara , Suliaty Ati
Published: March 2020

HIV/AIDS merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan global. Di seluruh negara saat ini sedang terancam dengan penyebaran virus yang mematikan. Tidak hanya di negara maju, tetapi juga di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, termasuk di NTB. Penelitian ini Untuk mengetahuiHubunganKarakteristi Pasien, Perilaku Beresiko, IMS dengan Kejadian HIV/AIDS pada Wanita Usia Subur di UPT BLUD Puskesmas Meninting Tahun 2015-2017

Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain Case control. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wanita usia subur  yang datang tes HIV sebanyak 312 orang. tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple rondom sampling sehingga jumlah sampel kasus 42 HIV positif dan 270 HIV negatif sebagai kasus kontrol. Analisis datamenggunakan univaria dan bivariat. Dari 312 wanitausiasubur yang datangtes HIV, variable yang berhubungandengan kejadian HIV adalah umur (p=0.018), pendidikan (p=0.011), pekerjaan (p=0.026), status kawin (p=0.000), perilaku beresiko (p=0.000), dan status IMS (0.017). Untuk mencegah terjadinya HIV, maka penulis menyarankan untuk mengunakan kondom pada saat   melakukan prilaku seks beresiko, juga disarankan untuk pemeriksaan IMS untuk mencegah penularan HIV.
EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK COUNTER PRESSURE DAN ABDOMINAL LIFTING TERHADAP PENGURANGAN RASA NYERI PADA IBU BERSALIN KALA I FASE AKTIF DI BPM KOTA PADANG
Authors: Rahmawati Lisa , Ningsih Mahdalena Prihatin
Published: March 2020

Nyeri persalinan merupakan kondisi fisiologis yang secara umum akan dialami oleh hampir semua ibu yang akan melahirkan. Rasa nyeri persalinan dapat berkurang bila dilakukan dengan teknik counter pressure dan abdominal lifting yakni dengan menekan tulang sakrum dan massage abdominal. Teknik ini merupakan salah satu pengurangan rasa nyeri persalinan non farmakologi yang dilakukan pada ibu dalam kala I fase aktif persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektifitas teknik abdominal lifting dan teknik counter pressure terhadap pengurangan rasa nyeri persalinan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan one group pretest dan post test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh ibu bersalin kala I fase aktif di Bidan Praktik Mandiri Kota Padang. Metoda pengumpulan sampel secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 16 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala intensitas nyeri pada saat pretest sebelum dilakukan intervensi dan post test setelah dilakukan intervensi. Pengolahan data secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian univariat didapatkan bahwa rata-rata nyeri persalinan sebelum teknik abdominal lifting 7,63 dengan standar deviasi 1,23 dan teknik counter pressure 7,81 dengan standar deviasi 1,33, sedangkan hasil penelitian univariat sesudah dilakukan teknik abdominal lifting sebesar 7,19 dengan standar deviasi 1,47 dan teknik counter pressure sebesar 6,56 dengan standar deviasi 1,41. Hasil penelitian bivariat didapatkan bahwa terdapat efektifitas teknik counter pressure terhadap pengurangan skor nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif dengan nilai p 0,000 dan tidak terdapat efektifitas teknik abdominal lifting terhadap pengurangan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif dengan nilai p 0,110. Diharapkan responden dan tenaga kesehatan dapat mengaplikasikan teknik counter pressure dan abdominal lifting dalam persalinan agar dapat membantu mengurangi nyeri yang dirasakan selama persalinan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan ibu.
Self-Access Centres in South Korea: Bridging Physical and Online Spaces
Authors: Clifford Seanan
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore what three physical Self-Access Centres (SACs) in Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in Daegu, South Korea do for their online space and how online space is valued by stakeholders. Findings show that these SACs have more or less exclusively focused on their physical environment while neglecting their online potential, resulting in technologies and online spaces (Social Network Services (SNS), websites and Learning Management Systems) being under-utilized. There are differences in values placed on online spaces between staff and users with key concerns being: efficacy and effort, need, awareness-raising, reach, and selection.
Promoting Independent English Language Learning within an Asian Tertiary Institution: The Lingnan Experience
Authors: LeBane Marc C. , Shilling Mariel , Harris Austin
Published: March 2020

This article is a self-reflective account of the English Language Support Service (ELSS) at the Centre for English and Additional Languages at Lingnan University in Hong Kong. The article gives a brief background of the Centre’s structure, goals, development and the role it plays in student language development. Stressing the importance of self-motivation and independent learning, the article examines the issues the centre has had attracting and retaining students and the on-campus and online promotion used to increase student attendance, self-access, and face-to-face interactions. The article offers lessons-learned and future goals that can be applied to other tertiary institution self-access language centres.
Additional Criteria to Maximize the Performance of the Procurement System Delivery Method in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alofi Ahmed , Kashiwagi Dean , Kashiwagi Jacob
Published: March 2020

The current Saudi Arabia (SA) procurement system leads to many losses in money and benefits in projects. The estimated percentage of delayed projects in SA during the past decades is more than 70% of the total projects. A questionnaire has been developed and carefully designed to improve the current SA procurement system. The questionnaire was sent out to 1,396 participants, the SA Council for professional engineers, who work in both private and public sectors. The participants are interested in the SA procurement and contracts system with experience ranging from one to more than twenty-five years in common construction sectors. Most of the participantsfrom both private and public sectors agreed with the survey statements regarding zone price proposals, contractors' evaluation, risks, planning, projects' scope, owners concern and weekly risks reports (WRR). Based on the survey, a model, called SVIE procurement system, has beendeveloped in which the most expert contractor is chosen through four phases: submittals & education, vendor selection, illustration, and execution. The resulting model is easy to implement by SA government and does not require special skills or a background.
Application of the Best Value Approach in Procuring ERP Services in a Traditional ICT Environment
Authors: Kashiwagi Isaac , Kashiwagi Dean , Gambla Len
Published: March 2020

The ICT industry has struggled with performance for years. Tools, processes, and techniques have been developed in attempts to improve performance, however, the level of performance has not significantly improved. The Best Value Approach has been proposed to increase both the procurement and execution of ICT projects. This researches focus is to further test, explore and confirm the claims associated with the Best Value Approach and its applicability in the ICT industry. Using case study research, the Best Value Approach was used in the selection of an ERP vendor for a client organization. The research findings confirm the claims of the Best Value Approach to be accurate in terms of being simpler, quicker, lower costing, requiring little expertise from the client and delivering an understandable, non-technical plan including detailed schedule, milestone schedule, and schedule that identifies all stakeholder activity.
Exploring Company Performance Measurement for Truck Manufacturers
Authors: Zeng Qinqin , W.A. Beelaerts van Blokland Wouter
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to develop a quantitative model of company performance from an inventory perspective for truck manufacturers. With the inventory performance as a new dimension, fourteen indicators are identified to form a conceptual framework for truck manufacturers to measure their company performance. Accordingly, techniques of the fuzzy logic and the analytic network process (ANP) are used to generate the quantitative model, considering the interdependency between the indicators and the uncertainty arising from human qualitative judgments. A case study is conducted in nine truck manufacturers, with time series data from the fiscal year 2004 to 2015. The ranking result out of the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used as a validation, which proves the higher accuracy of the model developed.
Quantification of Aboveground Carbon Stocks in Afromontane Vegetation of Image Forest Reserve (IFR), Southern Highlands of Tanzania
Authors: Kayombo Canisius John , Ndangalasi Henry Joseph , Mligo Cosmas , Giliba Richard Alphonce , Shirima Deo D
Published: March 2020

Evaluating the aboveground carbon stocks is important for scientific awareness of the vegetation condition. The study was conducted from August to September 2019 to quantify the aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks in Afromontane vegetation of Image Forest Reserve (IFR), in southern highlands of Tanzania. Ground surveys were conducted to identify the existing land cover types in IFR. A total of 170, 20 m x 40 m rectangular sample plots were systematically set on the land cover types at an interval of 250 m. The standing tree species with DBH ≥5 cm were identified and measured for their DBH (cm) at 1.3 m from the ground. Tree stumps were measured at 5 cm from the ground. Allometric equations were used to calculate the aboveground biomass and multiplied by a carbon factor of 0.47 (0.5) to get AGC.  ANOVA was applied to compare the AGC within land cover types. Grounded on this study’s findings, an overall AGtC Ha-1 per land cover type ranged from 7,190.59 ± 9.49. Forest stored the largest AGtC Ha-1 (7,190.59) trailed by woodland (1,662.13), shrub land and grassland (171.54), and bare land and rock outcrops (9.49). The calculated AGC of each tree species per hectare (AGtC Ha-1) ranged from 878.14 ± 0.02. This study revealed a significant difference in AGtC Ha–1 within the forest, woodland, shrub land and grassland, bare land and rock outcrops. Out of the 187 measured tree species, 7 were known to contribute the highest AGtC Ha-1 (878.14 ± 411.61), 14 were in the medium category (322.42 ± 103.28), 53 each contributed low (94.31 ± 10.00), and 113 each contributed very low (9.28 ± 0.02). Further study is needed to assess the whole carbon stored by IFR, encourage tree planting at homesteads to reduce logging in the natural forest, and provision of conservation education.
La primacía de la persona: Visión del principio constitucional guatemalteco desde el personalismo de Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Gramajo Castro Juan Pablo
Published: March 2020

Joseph Ratzinger es un destacado teólogo que además ejerció la máxima autoridad eclesiástica. Este ensayo expone cómo él aborda el derecho en general y, con ello, los derechos humanos y su sistema internacional, desde una óptica iusnaturalista-teológica. Ratzinger propone una visión del derecho sobre la base personalista de una antropología teológico-filosófica en que la persona humana, libre y racional, es sujeto de dignidad y derechos por su creación a imagen de Dios. En consecuencia, participa tanto de la unidad como de la diversidad. La unidad fundamenta la universalidad, indivisibilidad e interdependencia de sus derechos fundamentales. La racionalidad hace posible descubrir normas de justicia, y la diversidad permite hacerlo en distintos ámbitos culturales. La condición de creatura supone límites a la noción de derechos humanos, la cual debe complementar junto con la de deberes.Según Ratzinger –como se expondrá en el desarrollo del texto– el derecho se integra en parte por principios y valores inviolables de la naturaleza humana, entre los cuales se incluyen los derechos humanos, y en parte por legítimas determinaciones humanas, cuyo contenido y métodos de formulación pueden variar. Tales métodos deben siempre respetar los derechos humanos y las verdades fundamentales comunes a la humanidad. Actualmente se favorece como método la deliberación democrática, que no puede reducirse a un consenso de mayorías aritméticas, sino ser sensible a la verdad. En el diálogo democrático, razón y fe están llamadas a purificarse mutuamente. La labor del jurista debe desarrollarse en contacto vital con la realidad. El pensamiento de Ratzinger, al valorar la universalidad humana y la pluralidad de las culturas como bases del orden jurídico y social, ofrece una rica apertura intelectual para comprender los órdenes internacional, nacional y pluralista, así como su interrelación.  Tales nociones pueden ayudar a comprender la primacía de la persona humana y la pluriculturalidad como elemento constitutivo de la sociedad guatemalteca, principios fundamentales del constitucionalismo nacional. Éste propone un Estado con orientación personalista y humanista, al servicio del desarrollo integral de la persona en sus diversos aspectos.
El acceso a la educación integral en sexualidad como límite legítimo al derecho de los padres a elegir la educación para sus hijos
Authors: Urizar Pérez Francisco Javier
Published: March 2020

Existe una tensión constante entre varios sectores en torno al reconocimiento del acceso a la educación integral en sexualidad como un derecho humano autónomo para los niños, niñas y adolescentes dentro del sistema educativo nacional. Los argumentos más utilizados por la oposición devienen de planteamientos relativos a la potestad de los padres de decidir el tipo de educación que quieren para sus hijos menores de edad. El tema ha llegado al conocimiento de la Corte de Constitucionalidad que ha tenido que ponderar entre la prerrogativa de los padres y la educación de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, desarrollando los límites y los contenidos esenciales de los derechos que asisten a cada grupo en el marco de una sociedad democrática.
De cómo viví el “jueves negro”
Authors: Rohrmoser Valdeavellano Rodolfo
Published: March 2020

El exmagistrado presenta un relato sobre su experiencia del denominado "jueves negro", que tuvo lugar el 24 de julio de 2003 a raíz de una resolución de la Corte de Constitucionalidad que permitía la inscripción como candidato presidencial del general retirado Efraín Ríos Montt.
On the Comparison of Gauss and Hybrid Methods and their Application to Calculation of Definite Integrals
Authors: İmanova Mehriban
Published: March 2020

As is known there is the wide class of methods for calculation of the definite integrals constructed by the well-known scientists as Newton, Gauss, Chebyshev, Cotes, Simpson, Krylov and etc. It seems that to receive a new result in this area is impossible. The aim of this work is the applied some general form of hybrid methods to computation of definite integral and compares that with the Gauss method. The generalization of the Gauss quadrature formula have been fulfilled in two directions. One of these directions is the using of the implicit methods and the other is the using of the advanced (forward-jumping) methods. Here have compared these methods by shown its advantages and disadvantages in the results of which have recommended to use the implicit method with the special structure. And also are constructed methods, which have applied to calculation of the definite integral with the symmetric bounders. As is known, one of the popular methods for calculation of the definite integrals with the symmetric bounders is the Chebyshev method. Therefore, here have defined some relations between of the above mentioned methods. For the application constructed, here methods are defined the necessary conditions for its convergence. The receive results have illustrated by calculation the values for some model integral using the methods with the degree p  8.
CT SIG: Critical media literacy for learner-empowering news media courses
Authors: Husson Isozaki Anna
Published: March 2020

News media literacy is challenging but essential for English learners participating fully in the global community. Gaining news-comprehension skills is complicated by information overload; students need critical strategies to sort through sources and get a reliable grasp on current events. Critical thinking skills are crucial too, for engaging with news: from access, to discussion and participation. Building these skills is actually quite manageable, and a consistent focus on critical strategies can provide a solid base for learner-empowering news media courses. This condensed article introduces some resources and methods for helping learners develop skills and enjoy more critical, confident understanding and autonomy in engaging with and responding to news in L2 English.

ニュースメディアリタラシーは、グローバル社会の一員である英語学習者には難しいが欠かせない能力である。しかし、英語のニュースを理解するスキルは情報過多により複雑になっている。つまり、情報源を整理し最新の出来事を信頼して把握するのには、学生は効率的な戦略が必要である。批判的思考（クリティカル・シンキング）も、多すぎる情報の中からニュースを理解するために役に立つ。クリティカル・シンキングとは、読んだり、聞いたりしたことをそのまま受け取ったり、否定したりせずに、自分で他の情報を得て、自分自身で決めることである。クリティカル・シンキングは、ニュースに触れる時や、ニュースについてディスカッションをする時、ニュースに関して積極的に問題に取り組む時にも大切である。このスキルを築くことはそれほど難しいことではなく、常にクリティカル・シンキングの方法に焦点を置くことで、ニュースメディア学習のための講座に確かな基礎を作ることができる。本論では、学習者がインターネット上の英語のニュースの理解と使い方を、自信を持って高めることができる情報源（ニュースメディアの参考ウェブサイトなど）を紹介する。
ER SIG: Using L1 to get more out of your extensive reading program
Authors: O'Brien Andrew
Published: March 2020

When deciding whether to allow Japanese into the English lesson, it’s important to consider not only the level of the students, but also the real objective of the activity. This article explores the use of L1 as a means to an end: to promote a sense of meaningfulness associated with reading in English and cultivate a shared sense of enjoyment, both of which are especially useful in any ER program.

英語の授業に日本語の使用を許容するかどうかを決める際に、生徒のレベルを考慮に入れるだけではなく、その授業の活動の本来の目的を考えるべきである。本論では、目的に向けた手段としてのL1（日本語）の使用について考察する。つまり英語で読むこと（読解）に意味があると感じさせ、楽しさの共有感覚を育むことである。どんなERのプログラムでも、その両方が特に役立つことは言うまでもない。
Developing Collaborative Learning When Teaching TOEFL iBT Classes
Authors: Davies Glenn
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on the use of Collaborative Learning (CL) activities in group TOEFL iBT classes. Use of CL activities can help learners to develop communication skills that are beneficial when taking the exam, and not usually available in traditional lecture and review test-based classes. The goal of CL is for students to help each other succeed academically (Candlin et al., 2010), and to help students to provide each other with the opportunity for success (Slavin, 1980). The essay focuses on three specific CL activities that can be used with grouped TOEFL iBT students to meet the demands of a group curriculum, while simultaneously enhancing individual skills for the test.

本論は、TOEFL iBTのグループ学習における協働学習(CL)の活用法に注目したものである。協働学習の活用は、学習者がコミュニケーション能力を伸ばす有益な手法だが、従来の講義形式やテスト解説を主とする授業では取り入れられていない。協働学習が目指すのは、学生が互いに助け合いアカデミックな分野における成功を修めること（Candlin et al., 2010）、そして成功のために平等な機会を与えることである（Slavin, 1980）。本論では、学習者の個別能力強化と、TOEFL iBTの授業カリキュラムに適した、グループ学習における3つの具体的な活用法を考察する。
Study Abroad and Willingness to Communicate: A Case Study at Junior High School
Authors: Leis Adrian
Published: March 2020

The goal of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of whether a short study abroad program is effective in increasing its participants’ willingness to communicate in a second language. Using a questionnaire designed by Yashima (2002), a pre-post design study was used to examine a sample of 80 Japanese junior high school students who participated in a ten-day study abroad program to Sydney, Australia. The results indicate that although there were no statistically significant differences seen in the second language learning motivation of the students participating in the study abroad program, there were salient decreases observed in the anxiety students felt towards speaking English. Furthermore, as clear differences were seen in international posture, joining the study abroad program also meant that students felt more a part of the global community. Based on these results, the author concludes that traveling abroad for the purposes of study is indeed effective for adolescent learners of English, helping them feel more comfortable using the language as a tool for communication.

本論の目的は、短期海外研修参加者の第2言語におけるWillingness to Communicate (WTC) の向上に及ぼす効果について、より深い知見を獲得することである。八島（2002）によって作成されたアンケートを用い、シドニー•オーストラリアでの10日間の海外研修に参加した80人の日本人中学生のサンプルを事前事後調査方式で研究を行った。結果からわかったことは、統計的にみると海外研修に参加した生徒の第2言語における学習意欲には有意差が見られなかったが、生徒が英語を話すことに対して抱いていた不安の軽減が顕著に見られたということである。さらに、国際的な姿勢に明らかな差異が見られ、海外研修への参加は、生徒が国際社会の一員としての認識を強めるものとなっていた。これらの結果により、筆者は、学習を目的とする海外研修は英語を学ぶ生徒には非常に効果があり、海外研修によって生徒たちはより安心感を持って言語をコミュニケーションツールとして用いることができるようになったとの結論に達した。
Understanding Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Young Learner Teaching: A Case Study
Authors: Beddall Oliver
Published: March 2020

This paper reports a case study examining teachers’ feelings about teaching young learners (YLs) in the British Council Tokyo teaching centre. A literature review is presented, outlining desirable qualities for YL teachers. Qualitative and quantitative research – involving an online questionnaire, attitude survey and interviews – investigates teachers’ feelings about a variety of YL-related issues and finds three “groups” within the staffroom, each with a different profile and differing attitudes towards YL teaching. By identifying and analysing prevalent concerns amongst staff, recommendations for ELT managers are made to encourage effective professional development, thereby empowering less experienced teachers and promoting good practice for schools running YL programmes.

本論は、ブリティッシュ・カウンシル東京校で児童英語教育について教師の感想を研究したケーススタディーで、児童英語教師に求められる資質を示した文献も提示する。オンラインでのアンケートとインタビューという質的・量的研究手法を用いて、様々な問題点に対する教師の感情を調査した結果、異なった経歴と態度を持つ3つのグループに分けられることがわかった。教員が抱える問題点を発見・分析することで、ELT運営に対して職務能力向上のための提案を行う。また、このような研究は、経験の少ない教員には能力強化に繋がり、児童英語プログラムを持つ学校においては、よりよい授業を提供する指針となる。
Japanese Students’ Attitudes Towards the Use of Facebook in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Dizon Gilbert
Published: March 2020

Facebook is the most widely used social networking site in the world. However, little is known of the views that Japanese students have towards its use to enhance language learning. This paper reports on a survey of students in Japan to determine their perceptions of the use of Facebook in four EFL courses. The participants were 41 students who were a part of the Faculty of Foreign Studies at a university in Japan. Students were divided into separate Facebook groups according to their class and were required to participate in weekly discussions through the site. The results revealed that the survey respondents had moderately favorable views of using Facebook to learn English. In particular, the site’s ease of use, convenience, and low-stress environment were seen as distinct advantages. These findings illustrate that Japanese students perceive Facebook as a beneficial tool for language learning.

Facebookは世界中で最も広く利用されているSNS（ソーシャルネットワーキングサービス）である。しかしFacebookの言語学習への利用について、日本の学習者がどんな認識を持っているかはほとんど知られていない。本論では4つのEFLクラスでの、Facebook利用に関する日本人英語学習者の認識調査を報告する。対象者は大学の外国語学部に属する英語学習者41名で、クラスごとに別のFacebookグループに分けられ、週に1度Facebookを通じたディスカッションに参加した。その結果、英語学習のためのFacebook利用に関して、学習者は概ね好意的な認識を持っていることが示された。特に、サイトの使いやすさ、便利さ、ストレスの低い環境といった要因が大きな利点として挙げられた。これらの結果から、EFL学習者がFacebookを言語学習の有益なツールとして捉えていることが明らかになった。
The Case Against the Case Against Holding English Classes in English
Authors: Sato Rintaro
Published: March 2020

15In senior high school, teachers are now officially supposed to conduct their English lessons mainly in English to develop students’ communication abilities (MEXT, 2011). However, some researchers in English education have raised the case against this “English lessons in English” principle, asserting that conducting English lessons in the target language of English is not only ineffective, but harmful. This paper aims to refute critics of MEXT’s guideline for conducting classes primarily in English by considering studies in second language acquisition (SLA), theories for English learners’ motivation in the Japanese context, and offering an alternative for judicious use of the L1, Japanese.
現在、高校での英語の授業は主に英語で行うことになっている。しかしながらこの「英語での授業」には一部の英語教育研究者から, 効果が無いばかりか害があるとの強烈な反対意見もある。本稿では、この「英語での授業への反対意見」を第２言語習得理論や日本人学習者の英語を話そうとする意欲、有効な日本語の活用などの観点から反論する。
Applying the Benefits of Peer Assessment to the High School English Classroom
Authors: O'Flaherty David
Published: March 2020

The vast majority of studies and literature relating to peer assessment has focused on university level students. Proponents of peer assessment (PA) argue that the active involvement of students in the creation of assessment criteria, ongoing feedback, and the opportunity to grade and be graded by their peer group leads to greater understanding and ownership of the learning process. Critics of the process point to students’ reluctance and lack of ability to effectively engage in the process of assessment. Limited knowledge and a lack of confidence in their ability could result in the assessment element of PA being a step too far for high school students. Involving students in the creation of assessment criteria and the giving and receiving of feedback are, however, elements of PA that can be adopted for use in high school English classes in Japan.

ピアアセスメント（生徒相互評価）に関する研究や考察は大学レベルの生徒に焦点が当てられているものが大多数である。ピアアセスメントの肯定論者は、生徒自身が積極的に評価基準の作成に関わること及びフィードバックの生徒間相互付与が、学習過程における理解深化及び積極性を高めるのに非常に有効であると主張し、否定論者は限られた知識及び自身の能力に対する自信の欠如を挙げ、生徒の非積極性と評価基準作成に対する能力の欠如を指摘する。本論では、評価基準作成における生徒の参加、フィードバックの相互付与といったピアアセスメントの要素の、高等学校英語授業における有効性について述べる。
Die Industrie und die Ärzteschaft
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Mirtazapin
Authors: Hennemann Alexandra
Published: March 2020

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Eprosartan
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

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Oseltamivir
Authors: Ritzmann Peter
Published: March 2020

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NNT
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Arzneimittelinformation im Internet
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Pharmakotherapie im Spital nicht optimal
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Kein Glück mit Crevetten
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Imatinib
Authors: Masche Urspeter , Passweg Jakob
Published: March 2020

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Buprenorphin-Pflaster
Authors: Masche Urspeter
Published: March 2020

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Tegaserod
Authors: Gysling Etzel
Published: March 2020

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Reading History and Power in Urban Landscapes: The Lens of Urban Political Ecology
Authors: Coelho Karen
Published: March 2020

This essay sketches some of these features and their implications, employing five intersecting rubrics—hybrids, boundaries, histories, values, and peripheries. Together, these frames build an account of how the urban engine (or metabolism, in the language of urban political ecology), with its distinctive pace and drivers, assembles dynamic entities that defy easy categorization and carry powerful political stakes. The essay draws on a selection of empirical work across Indian cities (including my own writings on Chennai) and on the theoretical contributions of urban political ecology, to argue for a more complex understanding of urban nature as constituted through historical projects of urbanization, and of environmental sustainability as inseparable from questions of social justice.
Modelling the Economics of Grassland Degradation in Banni, India, using System Dynamics
Authors: Mathur Mihir , Sharma Kabir
Published: March 2020

This is a study of the interactions between the ecology and economy of the Banni grassland, located in the district of Kutch, Gujarat, India. The study focuses on modelling the economic impact of grassland degradation in the Banni from 1992–2015 and simulates future scenarios up to 2030 using system dynamics. The specific sectors being modelled are the area spread of the invasive species Prosopis juliflora, palatable grass, the populations of livestock as well as the livestock and charcoal incomes of Banni. An economic valuation is done by discounting the future earnings of the pastoral (milk, livestock sale, dung manure) and charcoal economy under two scenarios 1) Base case (Business as Usual), i.e. keeping current policies constant and 2) P. juliflora removal policy (PRP) i.e. where a decision is implemented to remove P. juliflora from Banni. Under the BAU scenario, modelling results indicate that the Banni grassland is headed for severe fodder scarcity due to the shrinking area under grassland. Under the PRP scenario, Banni is able to revive its grasslands and increase the present value of future earnings (up till 2030) by 62 per cent. A delay of five years in the decision to remove P. juliflora results in a 28 per cent reduction in earnings indicating the policy’s time sensitivity. The model serves as a test bed for generating what-if scenarios of the Banni grassland.
An Ecological Niche Model for Dociostaurus maroсcanus, Thunberg, 1815 (Orthoptera, Acrididae): The Nesting Environment and Survival of Egg-Pods
Authors: Victorovich Malakhov Dmitry , Zlatanov Boris Vasilievich
Published: March 2020

Since the earliest times, the problem of the locust has been a very serious one for agriculture and food production in particular. Devastating locust plagues are known from the Old and the New World where locust swarms terrified the earliest settlement and towns, leaving not a single green branch on the fields. Ways to combat locust plagues were often ineffective or extremely expensive due to a lack of information on the exact location of the newly hatched locusts; and the lack of an accurate assessment of the number of locusts in currently forming swarms. Rapidly developing GIS applications, especially as part of environmental modelling, appear to be a good means of forecasting a locust plague, being based on accurate ground observation and expert knowledge of the biology and ecology of the locust species. This paper represents an example of extended ecological modelling for the nesting conditions of Dociostaurus maroccanus, a well-known gregarious acridid species, with emphasis on the explanation of key environmental variables as revealed by the model.
A Brief Review of Lizard Inclusions in Amber
Authors: Wang Miaoyan , Xing Lida
Published: March 2020

A total of 82 lizard specimens in amber have been reported around the world to date. Records of lizard inclusions extend from the Cretaceous to the Neogene: (1) Cretaceous lizard inclusions are dominated by Autarchoglossans from Lebanon and a diverse lizard fauna from Myanmar (Burma); (2) Paleogene lizard inclusions are relatively poorly preserved and are dominated by lacertids and gekkonids; (3) Neogene records are the most abundant, dominated by two extant genera, Anolis and Sphaerodactylus. Synthesizing important information from all reported specimens, we suggest that an investigation of lizard inclusions in amber is of great importance for the study of their evolution, community structure and adaptive radiation as well as the origin and evolution of adhesion mechanism in geckos, or the level of ancient faunal diversity.
Assessment of water quality using chemometric methods - a case study of Rusałka Lake, NW-Poland
Authors: Miller Tymoteusz I.
Published: March 2020

Chemometric methods, such as cluster analysis, factor analysis and discriminant analysis were applied to identify and assess the quality of lake water. Samples were collected from the Rusałka Lake, located in Szczecin City from September 2012 to September 2015 with frequency once a month. 25 water quality indices were evaluated in particular: Chl a, Eh, temperature, pH, COD-Mn, COD-Cr, BOD5, DO, NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, TN, SRP, TP, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42- ,HCO3-, Fetot, Mntot, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu. Cluster analysis was performed to determine the similarity in terms of variation of the examined water quality indices and to determine seasonal variation between inflow and outflow areas of the lake. Factor analysis revealed that water quality is shaped by high anthropogenic activities. Discriminant analysis was used for the final assessment of which of the studied variables discriminate between the inflow and outflow zones and seasons. The chemometric approach and results provided useful information on the type of parameters affecting the quality of water in the analyzed lake. The data and information obtained can lead to better understanding of changes which are present in small flow lakes under high anthropopressure.
The burmese trout Raiamas guttatus (Day, 1870) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in South Sumatra revealed its southernmost record of its distributional range
Authors: Setiawan Arum , Iqbal Muhammad , . Pormansyah , Setiawan Doni , Yustian Indra
Published: March 2020

One specimen of Burmese Trout Raiamas guttatus (Day, 1870) was caught on 17 February 2018 in the Blungun River, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. This specimen revealed a southermost record of R. guttatus in its distributional range.
A taxonomic review of Trapezidens (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Lamellidentini), a freshwater mussel genus endemic to Myanmar, with a description of a new species
Authors: Konopleva Ekaterina S. , Bolotov Ivan N. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Kononov Oleg D. , Gofarov Mikhail Yu. , Tomilova Alena A. , Lunn Zau , Chan Nyein , Win Than , Vikhrev Ilya V.
Published: March 2020

Trapezidens Bolotov, Vikhrev & Konopleva, 2017 (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Lamellidentini) is a peculiar freshwater mussel genus, the range of which is confined to the Western Indochina Subregion (Myanmar). Here we show that this genus contains five allopatric species: Trapezidens angustior (Hanley & Theobald, 1876) from the Bago, Sittaung, and Bilin rivers; T. dolichorhynchus (Tapparone-Canefri, 1889) from the Ayeyarwady River; T. exolescens (Gould, 1843) from the Dawei River; T. scutum (Sowerby, 1868) from the Tanintharyi (Great Tenasserim) River; and T. yeti sp. nov. from the Ye River. Phylogenetically, Trapezidens angustior, T. dolichorhynchus, and T. yeti sp. nov. are closely related to each other, forming a species complex, while T. exolescens and T. scutum represent the most distant lineages within the genus. An updated synonymy for each species is compiled.
Polyhumic dystrophic rivers - an unique habitat for water mites (Acari, Hydrachnidia)?
Authors: Stryjecki Robert
Published: March 2020

Polyhumic dystrophic rivers are very rare in Poland and polyhumic rivers (both poly- and dystrophic) are weakly researched in general. The aim of the study was to present a detailed faunistic and ecological analysis of the water mites of polyhumic dystrophic rivers from Janów Forests Landscape Park (central-eastern Poland) and to compare the Hydrachnidia communities of those rivers with the Hydrachnidia of non-polyhumic rivers of this area. In small, fully polyhumic rivers Hydrachnidia fauna was poor in species and individuals, the populations of most species were very small and the characteristic feature of these rivers was very low species diversity. Therefore, the pronounced dystrophy of small polyhumic rivers should be considered a factor restricting the development of larger Hydrachnidia populations. In partially polyhumic rivers the water mite fauna was more diverse than in fully polyhumic rivers. The greater diversity of fauna resulted from the migration of species and individuals from the upper reaches of the river (non-polyhumic) and from greater habitat diversity.As a general conclusion we can say that in the fauna of polyhumic dystrophic rivers it is impossible to indicate species that could be considered characteristic of these habitats and that distinguish the Hydrachnidia communities of polyhumic rivers from those of non-polyhumic rivers. The Hydrachnidia communities of polyhumic rivers differ from those of non-polyhumic rivers in terms of population size. Quantitative impoverishment of fauna is observed in polyhumic rivers (especially small, fully polyhumic ones). More research should be done to determine specificity of water mite fauna of polyhumic rivers.