bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: Morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers
Authors: ALHAMDI MUHAMMAD FAUZAN FARID , Setiawan Asep , Ilyas Satriyas , Ho Wai Kuan
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Alhamdi MFF, Setiawan A, Ilyas S, Ho WK. 2020. Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: The morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3929-3937. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is a potential grain, which can be considered as an alternative source of protein and carbohydrate. Due to unavailability of commercial bambara groundut cultivar in Indonesia, the characterization of bambara groundnut landraces is an important step before developing cultivar with traits of interest. The objective of the research was to access genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with different seed coat colors based on morphological and molecular markers. The experiment was arranged as split-plot in a complete randomized block design with the main plot was cultivation methods and the sub plot was landraces. There were differences in leaf shape and pod shape among the landraces. There were two main clusters of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with 88.28% similarity. The first cluster was Cream, Brown Sumedang, Black Sumedang and Black Tasikmalaya, and the second cluster was Black Sukabumi, Brown Gresik, Black Madura, and Black Gresik. The result based on SSR marker with capillary electrophoresis indicated Black Gresik and Black Madura landraces were different from other Indonesian landraces.  Cream Sumedang or Brown Sumedang from the first cluster and Black Gresik or Brown Gresik from the second cluster have the farthest distances for developing improved variety of bambara groundnut.
A hybrid approach of remote sensing for mapping vegetation biodiversity in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Wardhana Wahyu , SORAYA EMMA , SOEPRIJADI DJOKO , LARASATI BEKTI , HUTOMO YAASIIN HENDRAWAN TRI , Wirabuana Pandu , WIDYATMANTI WIRASTUTI , UMARHADI DEHA AGUS , IDRIS FAHMI
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Wardhana W, Widyatmanti W, Soraya E, Soeprijadi D, Larasati B, Umarhadi DA, Hutomo YHT, Idris F, Wirabuana PYAP. 2020. A hybrid approach of remote sensing for mapping vegetation biodiversity in a tropical rainforest. Biodiversitas 21: 3946-3953.  Vegetation biodiversity is one of the most important indicators to evaluate the sustainability of tropical rainforest. It is commonly described by three essential variables, i.e. richness, heterogeneity, and evenness. That information is frequently collected from periodic forest inventory using terrestrial method. However, this effort needs a long-time consuming, high cost, and almost impossible to implement in the area of tropical rainforest with hard accessibility. This study investigates the potential of remote sensing as an alternative method for mapping vegetation biodiversity in a tropical rainforest. A hybrid approach of remote sensing using medium and high-resolution images was developed to recognize the attributes of vegetation biodiversity by considering three parameters derived from remote sensing data, including canopy density (C), crown diameter (D), and tree density (N). The use of a medium resolution image aimed to categorize vegetation density using Modified Soil-Adjusted Value Index (MSAVI) while a high-resolution image was utilized to acquire a more detailed spectrum for determining C, D, and N in every class of vegetation density. The relationship between C, D, N, and richness, heterogeneity, evenness was explained using hierarchical cluster analysis. Our study discovered the attributes of vegetation biodiversity in a tropical rainforest could be potentially recognized by combining C, D, and N as predictor variables.
High impact of PGPR on biostatistic of Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on yardlong bean
Authors: Triwidodo Hermanu , LISTIHANI Listihani
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Triwidodo H, Listihani. 2020. High impact of PGPR on biostatistic of Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on yardlong bean. Biodiversitas 21: 4016-4021. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are root colonizing bacteria that live and develop near plant roots, which boost plant growth and act as antagonist agents. This research is aimed to asses the effect of PGPR on biostatistics of Aphis craccivora Koch on yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis). The research was conducted at WiSH Laboratory in Bogor, Indonesia, by tested PGPR  mixture of Rhizobium, Bacillus polymyxa, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The research discovered that the application with seed treatment and watered of PGPR affects the biology of Aphis craccivora in terms of lengthening its stadia of second instar nymph, lengthening its life cycle, and declining its fecundity. The application of PGPR also affects the biostatistics of Aphis craccivora. PGPR applied plants have a gross reproduction rate (GRR), net reproduction rate (Ro) and intrinsic increase rate (r) of Aphis craccivora that are lower than control. PGPR could slower the doubled time (DT) of Aphis craccivora to become lengthier than control. PGPR could improve plant growth: it could increase the number and length of roots, number of root nodules, plant height, number of leaves, as well as length and density of trichome.
Short Communication: The effect of water quality on the population density of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in the Ciliwung River, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Elfidasari Dewi , Wijayanti Fahma , MUTHMAINAH HURUNIN FATHONAH
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Elfidasari D, Wijayanti F, Muthmainah HF. 2020. Short Communication: The effect of water quality on the population density of Pterygoplichthys pardalis in the Ciliwung River, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4100-4106. The quality of waters is determined by the average value of the measured parameter range with a direct impact on aquatic biota due to pollution. The Ciliwung River is one of the polluted waters in Jakarta, which is the habitat for Pterygoplichthys pardalis (plecos catfish) that dominates the river. This study, therefore, aimed to analyze the influence of Ciliwung River quality on the density of P. pardalis. Data were obtained by measuring  DO, BOD, pH, rainfall, temperature, water clarity, turbidity, current velocity, river depth, ammonia, and phosphate levels, as well as the fish population density. The research result showed that the density of P. pardalis population was greatly influenced by the DO, BOD, pH, turbidity, and ammonia parameters of the Ciliwung River. The waters quality with the DO condition of 2.6 mg/L, BOD of 1,2 mg/L, pH of 7.2, the turbidity of 3.85 FTU and ammonia of 2.65 ppm were the optimum conditions for the highest population density of P. pardalis in the Ciliwung River
Prey items of some amphibians and reptiles in Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex, northeastern Thailand
Authors: Thongproh Prapaiporn , CHUNSKUL JIDAPA , RONGCHAPHO PEERASIT , CHUAYNKERN CHANTIP , CHUAYNKERN YODCHAIY , SRISONCHAI RUTTAPON , SAENGSRI CHIRAWUTH , AONPIME PREEYA , PHOCHAYAVANICH RATCHATA , KANISHTHAJATA PERMSAK , PHUSAENSRI SAMRET , PROMPALAD SUTHIN , TONGPUN SATAPHON , ARKAJAG JIRACHAI , DUENGKAE PRATEEP
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Thongproh P, Chunskul J, Rongchapho P, Chuaynkern C, Chuaynkern Y, Srisonchai R, Saengsri C, Aonpime P, Phochayavanich R, Kanishthajata P, Phusaensri S, Prompalad S, Tongpun S, Arkajag J, Duengkae P. 2020. Prey items of some amphibians and reptiles in Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex, Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 4124-4130. We reported prey items for two amphibians (Fejervarya limnocharis and Sylvirana nigrovittata) and three reptiles (Hebius sp., Bungarus candidus and Xenopeltis unicolor) from several areas of Phu Khieo–Nam Nao Forest Complex (northeastern Thailand) based on direct observation method. Fejervarya limnocharis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) consumed Amynthas sp. (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) in Nam Nao National Park (Phetchabun Province), while Sylvirana nigrovittata (Anura: Ranidae) consumed Megaustenia sp. (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) in Phu Long Forest (Chaiyaphum Province). Consumption of snails in Sylvirana nigrovittata was documented as the first report on this prey item for the species. In Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary (Loei Province), Hebius sp. (Serpentes: Colubridae) consumed Fejervarya limnocharis while Bungarus candidus (Serpentes: Elapidae) consumed Argyrophis muelleri (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Xenopeltis unicolor (Serpentes: Xenopeltidae) consumed Glyphoglossus molossus (Anura: Microhylidae) in Phu Wiang National Park (Khon Kaen Province).
Characterization of a bacteriocin as biopreservative synthesized by indigenous lactic acid bacteria from dadih soya traditional product used in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Retnaningrum Endah , YOSSI TANIA , NUR’AZIZAH RINI , SAPALINA FADILLA , KULLA PERISKILA DINA KALI
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Retnaningrum E, Yossi T, Nur'azizah R, Sapalina F, Kulla PDK. 2020. Characterization of a bacteriocin as biopreservative synthesized by indigenous lactic acid bacteria from dadih soya traditional product used in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4192-4198. A total of 4 isolates of lactic acid bacteria (strain BDL08, BDL11, BDL12, and BDL13) isolated from dadih soya were investigated for the ability to produce bacteriocin based on their antibacterial activities against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644. Based on comparative 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, isolates BDL 11, BDL12, and BDL13 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum while the isolates BDL 08 was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. All crude bacteriocins producing strains revealed broad antibacterial spectrum against 7 different indicator bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. L. plantarum BDL11 displayed the highest bacteriocin activity relative to others. The bacteriocin produced by the strain was not affected by pH, heating, and NaCl concentration but was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes. This research indicated that the bacteriocin in the food industry has the potential to be used as a biopreservative.
Growth performance and nutritional quality enrichment of Phronima pacifica by Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans as natural feed
Authors: Herawati Vivi Endar , Nailulmuna Zumalallail , Rismaningsih Nurmanita , Hutabarat Johannes , Pinandoyo Pinandoyo , Elfitasari Tita , RIYADI PUTUT HAR , Radjasa Ocky Karna
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Herawati VE, Nailulmuna Z, Rismaningsih N, Hutabarat J, Pinandoyo, Elfitasari T, Riyadi PH, Radjasa OK. 2020. Growth performance and nutritional quality enrichment of Phronima pacifica by Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans as natural feed. Biodiversitas 21: 4253-4259. Phronima pacifica as a natural feed has the potential to replace Artemia sp. because of its high nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different types of feed for P. pacifica during its culture on its population density, growth rate, and nutritional content because of its potential use as a natural feed for fish. The test animals in this study consisted of P. pacifica at a stocking density of 3 ind/L, which were cultured for 18 d. Then, Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans were introduced as enrichment feed for P. pacifica. This study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were as follows: A (100% Chlorella vulgaris), B (100% Chaetoceros calcitrans), and C (50% Chlorella vulgaris and 50% Chaetoceros calcitrans). The results showed that treatment increased the population density of P. pacifica by up to 54.67 ± 0.0038 ind/L by the 12th day. Based on the results of proximate analysis for amino acid and fatty acid profiles, the highest values for proteins and fats were in P. pacifica enriched with Chlorella vulgaris (A) and consisted of 45.45% protein, 7.57% fat, 5.95% eicosapentaenoic acid, and 39.23% lysine. Based on an ANOVA, feeding of P. pacifica with Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans had a significant effect on population density, relative growth rate, biomass production, and nutrient value of proteins and fats of P. pacifica (P < 0.05). The best results, including population density, growth rate, weight of biomass, and nutrient content of P. pacifica, occurred after feeding with Chlorella vulgaris.
Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia
Authors: Wirabuana Pandu , SETIAHADI RAHMANTA , SADONO RONGGO , LUKITO MARTIN , MARTONO DJOKO SETYO , MATATULA JERIELS
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Wirabuana PYAP, Setiahadi R, Sadono R, Lukito M, Martono DS, Matatula J. 2020. Allometric equations for estimating biomass of community forest tree species in Madiun, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4291-4300. The capability of community forests for offsetting carbon emissions highly depends on their biomass production. Unfortunately, the measurement of tree biomass in community forests using a destructive method is expensive and time-consuming. It is also almost impossible to conduct this method for all trees in the observation area. Therefore, the development of allometric equations is essential to support tree biomass estimation in community forests. This study was designed to construct specific models for predicting individual tree biomass in community forests, located in Madiun, Indonesia. We destructively sampled approximately 120 trees from four different species (30 trees for each species), i.e., Falcataria moluccana, Melia azedarach, Swietenia macrophylla, and Tectona grandis. For every tree sample, the measurement of biomass was conducted in each tree’s component, namely roots, stem, branches, and leaves. The allometric equations were developed with regression analysis using predictor variables, like diameter at breast height (D), squared diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), as well as D and H separately. Results found that for four species, the mean biomass in the stem was 50.3%, followed by branches 25.4%, roots 15.9%, and leaves 8.3%. The best equation for estimating biomass in every component and total of four species was different. However, our study showed that the equation lnŶ = -3.037 + 1.430 lnD + 1.684 was reliable to estimate total individual tree biomass of four species in the surveyed area since this model had accuracy of 90.8%. Referring to these findings, we recommended the utilization of an allometric equation as an alternative method for facilitating more efficient biomass measurement in the community forests.
Population density, multiple harvesting, and ability of Ipomoea reptans to compete with native weeds at tropical wetlands
Authors: Lakitan Benyamin , KARTIKA KARTIKA
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Lakitan B, Kartika K. 2020. Population density, multiple harvesting, and ability of Ipomoea reptans to compete with native weeds at tropical wetlands. Biodiversitas 21: 4376-4383. Despite as a nutritious, fast-growing, and well-adapted leafy vegetable at tropical wetlands; Ipomoea reptans has not been intensively cultivated yet. This study was designed for increasing productivity of this vegetable by optimizing population density, extending harvesting period, and its ability to compete with native weeds at tropical wetlands. Bottom wet culture system (BWCS) was implemented by placing all pots within 2 m x 4 m experimental pool filled with water to 2-cm depth to make sure bottom part of the substrate within each pot was continuously water-saturated. Results of this study indicated that despite fluctuated yield at each harvest, accumulative yields after five consecutive harvests were not significantly different among population densities from 14 to 71 plants per m2. Yet, quality of yield in most cases was better in lower population density treatment (14 plants per m2), as indicated by SPAD value and marketable size of individual plants. Frequent NPK fertilizer application was effective for increasing yield. The first harvest was done at 4 weeks after seed sowing; thereafter, the plants were routinely re-harvested at about every week. This fast-growing vegetable also exhibited ability to compete with native weeds commonly found at tropical wetlands at density up to 11.3 mg cm-2.
Heterospecific and conspecific associations of trees in lowland tropical forest of New Guinea
Authors: Murdjoko Agustinus , JITMAU MARTHEN MATHIAS , DJITMAU DONY ARISTONE , SIBURIAN RIMA HERLINA SETIAWATI , UNGIRWALU ANTONI , WANMA ALFREDO OTTOW , MARDIYADI ZULFIKAR , RUMATORA ALEXANDER , MOFU WOLFRAM YAHYA , SINERI ANTON SILAS , FATEM SEPUS MARTEN , WORABAI DESCARLO , MAY NUNANG LAMAEK , TOKEDE MAX JONDUDAGO , WARMETAN HERMAN , WANGGAI CHARLY BRAVO , WANMA JIMMY FRANS , SIRAMI ELIESER VIKTOR , PAEMBONAN JOHANA BETY , UNENOR ERNI , KUSWANDI RELAWAN , LEKITOO KRISMA , KHAYATI LISNA , BENU NITHANEL MIKAEL HENDRIK , TAMBING JUNUS , SARAGIH ANDI SASTRA BENNY
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Murdjoko A, Jitmau MM, Djitmau DA, Siburian RHS, Ungirwalu A, Wanma AO, Mardiyadi Z, Rumatora A, Mofu WY, Sineri AS, Fatem SM, Worabai D, May NL, Tokede MJ, Warmetan H, Wanggai CB, Wanma JF, Sirami EV, Paembonan JB, Unenor E, Kuswandi R, Lekitoo K, Khayati L, Benu NMH, Tambing J, Saragih ASB. 2020. Heterospecific and conspecific associations of trees in lowland tropical forest of New Guinea. Biodiversitas 21: 4405-4418. The vegetation in the tropical rainforest of New Guinea consists of a large number of species that interact with each other within and among species. While several studies have attempted to reveal the diversity of flora of New Guinea, little is known about plant communities that develop associations. This study aimed to investigate the associations of tree species in lowland tropical forest in New Guinea. The associations depicted in this study were in the form of conspecific associations (among small and large individuals within same species) and heterospecific (among individuals of different species and divided into under and upper story). We established 48 rectangular plots created in Murkim and Teiraplu as part of Pegunungan Bintang Regency, Papua Province. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze heterospecific and conspecific associations. The results showed that the understory and upper story vegetation had different patterns of heterospecific association. The understory configured three heterospecific associations, consisting of 5, 13, and 90 species, while the upper story formed four heterospecific associations with 4, 8, 11, and 63 species. The analysis of conspecific associations showed of 149 tree species recorded in the study sites, only 66 species that had both small and large individuals, displaying the pattern of conspecific association. Among them, 41 species had positive associations while 25 species had negative associations. Our findings enrich the knowledge in theoretical ecology of tropical forests, especially in New Guinea.
Short Communication: The presence of Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhinidae) in the fresh waters of Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: HASAN VERYL , Widodo Maheno
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Hasan V, Widodo MS. 2020. Short Communication: The presence of Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhinidae) in the fresh waters of Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4433-4439. A single subadult specimen of Bull shark Carcharhinus leucas was photographed and captured by local fisherman using casting net on June 2020 in the upper Indragiri River, Riau Province, Indonesia. Carcharhinus leucas are one of only a few species of elasmobranchs that live in both marine and freshwater environments. This species currently listed as a near-threatened species based on the IUCN Red List Status. Singel specimen identified as C. leucas by the coloration of fresh specimen: white belly and greyish back, first dorsal fin high, tip of second dorsal and caudal fins black. Meristic characters measurement results as follows: total length 102 cm; fork length 86.3 cm; preanal length 65.1 cm; pre pelvic length 51.9 cm; pre pectoral length 22.5 cm; pre-orbital length 8.3 cm; head length 25 cm; pre-first dorsal length 29.4 cm; pre-second dorsal length 56 cm, and pre-caudal length 78.1 cm. This photo is considered as the third record from freshwaters of Sumatra after in the Batang Hari River, Jambi Province in 1997, and in the Musi River, South Sumatra Province in 2019. The photographic records indicate that a single specimen of C. leucas was found in the upper Indragiri River recorded more than 150 km inland. These results enhanced the understanding of C. leucas distribution in Sumatra freshwaters. Monitoring is needed to assess the possibility of the importance of the upper Indragiri River as a migration route, nursery, and growth ground of C. leucas. Studying small scale habitat use of C. leucas is challenged by their preferred habitats in freshwaters environments with fast-changing environmental conditions. Water conditions in the upper Indragiri River, namely salinity 0‰, temperature 25-27°C, dissolved oxygen 3.9-11.1 mg/l, are ideal for A. leucas habitat.
Overcoming gas ionization limitations with divided-pulse nonlinear compression
Authors: Jenkins G. W. , Feng C. , Bromage J.
Published: September 2020

We simulate Kerr and plasma nonlinearities in a hollow-core fiber to show how plasma effects degrade the output pulse. Our simulations predict the plasma effects can be avoided entirely by implementing divided-pulse nonlinear compression. In divided-pulse nonlinear compression, a high-energy pulse is divided into multiple low-energy pulses, which are spectrally broadened in the hollow-core fiber and then recombined into a high-energy, spectrally broadened pulse. With the plasma effects overcome, spectral broadening can be scaled to larger broadening factors and higher pulse energies. We anticipate this method will also be useful to scale spectral broadening in gas-filled multipass cells.
Analysis of signal detection configurations in optical time-stretch imaging
Authors: Weng Yueyun , Mei Liye , Wu Gai , Chen Siyan , Zhan Bihong , Goda Keisuke , Liu Sheng , Lei Cheng
Published: September 2020

Optical time-stretch (OTS) imaging is effective for observing ultra-fast dynamic events in real time by virtue of its capability of acquiring images with high spatial resolution at high speed. In different implementations of OTS imaging, different configurations of its signal detection, i.e. fiber-coupled and free-space detection schemes, are employed. In this research, we quantitatively analyze and compare the two detection configurations of OTS imaging in terms of sensitivity and image quality with the USAF-1951 resolution chart and diamond films, respectively, providing a valuable guidance for the system design of OTS imaging in diverse fields.
Highly sensitive silicon photonic temperature sensor based on liquid crystal filled slot waveguide directional coupler
Authors: Chiang Li-Yuan , Wang Chun-Ta , Lin Ting-Syuan , Pappert Steve , Yu Paul
Published: September 2020

A highly sensitive silicon photonic temperature sensor based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform has been proposed and demonstrated. A two-mode nano-slot waveguide device structure cladded with a nematic liquid crystal (LC), E7, was adopted to facilitate strong light-matter interaction and achieve high sensitivity. The fabricated sensor was characterized by measuring the optical transmission spectra at different ambient temperatures. The extracted temperature sensitivities of the E7-filled device are 0.810 nm/°C around room temperature and 1.619 nm/°C near 50°C, which match well with simulation results based on a theoretical analysis. The results obtained represent the highest experimentally demonstrated temperature sensitivity for a silicon-waveguide temperature sensor on SOI platform. The slot waveguide directional coupler device configuration provides submicron one-dimensional spatial resolution and flexible selection in LC materials for designing temperature sensitivity and operational temperature range required by specific applications.
Grundlagen der Forschungs- und Theoriegeschichte einer »Europäischen Medienkomparatistik«
Authors: Nesselhauf Jonas
Published: September 2020

Jonas Nesselhauf widmet sich in seinem Beitrag dem Feld der »Medienkomparatistik«. Diese international als »Comparative Media Studies« an zahlreichen europäischen und nordamerikanischen Universitäten bereits etablierte und eher aus den Media Studies kommende Forschungsrichtung weist im deutschsprachigen Raum hingegen eine besondere Nähe zur Literaturkomparatistik (Allgemeine und Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft) auf und wird häufig als deren medienwissenschaftliche »Erweiterung« verstanden. Nesselhauf skizziert diese Herausbildung im deutschsprachigen Raum und zeigt die Herausforderungen und Potentiale einer Europäischen Medienkomparatistik auf.
Связь характеристик учителя с академической резильентностью учащихся
Authors: Быкова Елена Валерьевна , Чиркина Татьяна Александровна
Published: September 2020

Работа посвящена исследованию резильентных учащихся, то есть учащихся, которые вопреки низкому социально-экономическому положению демонстрируют высокие образовательные результаты. Мы изучаем отношения между учителями и учениками в школе, характеристиками учителя в связи с шансами стать резильентными для учеников. В работе используются данные лонгитюдного проекта «Траектории в образовании и профессии», включающего результаты опроса учащихся и учителей в рамках международных исследований TIMSS-2011 и PISA-2012. Поскольку в 2012 г. приоритетным направлением PISA была математическая грамотность, резильентность измерялась исходя из баллов, полученных по математике. Кроме того, в связи с этим в работе отдельно изучены взаимоотношения учащихся с учителем математики. В качестве метода статистического анализа использована логистическая регрессия с кластерной коррекцией. Результаты показывают, что взаимоотношения с учителями являются важным предиктором образовательных результатов учащихся. При этом высокой успеваемости в большей степени способствует личный характер отношений с учителями, нежели атмосфера взаимоотношений между учащимися и учителями в целом. В отношениях с учителем математики для учащегося важно знать, чего от него ждет учитель математики, и понимать его. Также вероятность стать резильентным значимо выше в тех случаях, когда преподаватели слушают учащегося, относятся к нему справедливо и готовы оказать необходимую помощь. Кроме того, учащиеся в лицеях и гимназиях чаще становятся резильентными, чем учащиеся в обычных школах. Это можно объяснить, например, различиями в образовательных программах, особой атмосферой в лицеях и гимназиях, а также большей заинтересованностью в успехе учащихся и их родителей.
Благодарность. Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2020 г.
Лонгитюдное исследование субъективного благополучия в школе у учащихся младших классов
Authors: Канонир Татьяна Николаевна , Куликова Алёна Александровна , Орел Екатерина Алексеевна
Published: September 2020

В статье представлены результаты исследования динамики субъективного благополучия учащихся начальной школы. Благополучие рассматривается как сложный конструкт, включающий в себя удовлетворенность школой, чувства по отношению к школе, сотрудничество и/или враждебные отношения с одноклассниками, а также субъективное физическое благополучие. На данных двух срезов мониторинга, проведённых на одних и тех же учениках в третьем и четвертом классах (N = 865) школ города-миллионника было показано, что уровень субъективного благополучия в промежутке от девяти до десяти лет снижается по всем показателям, кроме блока «Отношения со сверстниками» и физического благополучия. Также были зафиксированы гендерные различия: мальчики менее удовлетворены школой, чаще сталкиваются с враждебностью и испытывают больше негативных эмоций по отношению к школе, чем девочки. Полученные результаты согласуются с данными предыдущих исследований и позволяют уточнить и расширить представления о благополучии в младшем школьном возрасте, так как большинство работ, нацеленных на школьный контекст, было выполнено на подростках.
Благодарность. В данной научной работе использованы результаты проекта «Динамика развития ребенка в период его обучения в начальной школе», выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2017 г.
Социальная адаптация, социальный капитал и здоровье населения Вологодской области
Authors: Смолева Елена Олеговна
Published: September 2020

Сегодня существует потребность в систематизации знаний о связях здоровья и социальной адаптации, стратификации общества по критерию «социальная адаптация — дезадаптация» населения. Вместе с тем социально-культурные и экономические особенности развития регионов накладывают свой отпечаток на ресурсы и стратегии адаптации населения. Цель работы — изучение социальной адаптации населения региона на примере Вологодской области, связей адаптации со здоровьем, а также оценка социального капитала как адаптационного ресурса. В качестве эмпирической базы выступают данные социологического опроса населения Вологодской области (объем выборки 1500 человек). С помощью факторного анализа выделены показатели социальной адаптации, на основании которых проведена типологизация населения региона. Показано, что жители области с социальной поддержкой чаще других отмечают у себя позитивное психическое состояние. Они реже испытывают стресс, менее тревожны; в трудных ситуациях готовы обращаться за помощью к семье, друзьям, соседям. Население с наличием внутренних ресурсов более удовлетворено своей жизнью и положением в обществе, но и чаще испытывает стресс, чем лица с поддержкой ближайшего окружения. Жители региона, демонстрирующие признаки социальной дезадаптации, более фрустрированы, подвержены стрессу, менее уверены в своем будущем. Кроме того, они чаще склонны оправдывать девиантное поведение и прибегать к нему в качестве средства борьбы со стрессом. Выявлено, что для населения региона более действенным адаптационным ресурсом является социальная поддержка. Новизна работы заключается в выявлении особенностей социальной адаптации населения Вологодской области, выделении групп населения, различающихся по уровню и ресурсам адаптации, при этом акцент сделан на личностном (внутреннем) и социальном (внешнем) ресурсе.
IT-Sicherheit in digitalen Stationen: Cyber-physische Systemmodellierung, -bewertung und -analyse
Authors: Rösch Dennis , Kummerow André , Ruhe Stephan , Schäfer Kevin , Monsalve Cristian , Nicolai Steffen
Published: September 2020

Die Digitalisierung der Stationsautomatisierung eröffnet neue Anwendungspotentiale für intelligente Stationsfunktionen in elektrischen Energiesystemen. Die Vernetzung und der Einsatz von IEC 61850 als vereinheitlichter Kommunikationsstandard ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung, erhöhen aber gleichzeitig die Anfälligkeit für IT-Angriffe. Zur Untersuchung der IT-Sicherheit digitaler Stationen wird hierfür eine neu konzipierte cyber-physische Echtzeit-Co-Simulationsplattform vorgestellt. Auf Basis einer Referenzarchitektur eines IP-basierten Umspannwerks wird die Modellierung, Bewertung und Analyse digitaler Stationen für gestörte und ungestörte Betriebsfälle sowie unter Beachtung von IT-Angriffen ermöglicht. Daraufhin werden Ansätze zur Resilienzbewertung sowie Maßnahmen zur IT-Sicherheit für den operativen Betrieb, z. B. die Erkennung cyber-physischer Anomalien, aufgezeigt.
Identifikation von HGÜ-Flüssen mit Hilfe der Power Flow Decomposition
Authors: Gebhardt Marc , Klabunde Christian , Wolter Martin
Published: September 2020

Der Zubau von Hochspannungsgleichstromtrassen zieht die Notwendigkeit der Detektion der Einflüsse dieser Trassen auf den Leistungsfluss im Stromnetz nach sich. Bereits existierende Methoden zur Aufschlüsselung partieller Leistungsflüsse basieren auf Vereinfachungen und Annahmen, die verhindern, dass nach Addition aller Teilflüsse das AC-Leistungsflussergebnis erreicht wird. Somit sind die Methoden ungenau und verfälschen die Ergebnisse. Die hier vorgestellte Methode der Power Flow Decomposition (PFD) basiert auf dem AC-Leistungsfluss und ermittelt ohne eine Slackdefinition sämtliche Teilflüsse eines Betriebsmittels. Es ist dargestellt, wie die PFD-Methode um HGÜ-Flüsse erweitert wird, um damit auch den Einfluss der HGÜ-Systeme ermitteln zu können. Die Verifikation der Methode wird an einem Beispielnetz vorgenommen.
Advantages of digitalization in grid restoration
Authors: Wellßow W. H. , Hinkel P. , Zugck M. , Dumas C. , Hilgers S. , Livrozet M. , Mannebach A. , Walter M. , Picken C. , Schneiders C. , Görgen M. , Waniek C.
Published: September 2020

In Germany, the installed capacity of renewables exceeds the maximum load by far and the transmission task has changed from high-wind locations in the north to the economically strong south. In addition, the system inertia is reduced due to the decommissioning of large power stations. This leads to a higher probability of blackouts and a challenging restoration process. Operation during restoration differs strongly from normal. Besides other effects, the grid frequency is very sensitive to active power imbalances. An accurate power forecast of re-supplied feeders is required to estimate dynamic frequency deviations. Models for cold load pick-up (CLPU) and fluctuating renewable energy sources (RES) infeed are presented. For the coordination between Transmission system operators (TSO) and Distribution system operators (DSO) a clear and structured process is proposed to minimize the communication effort. Power system restoration (PSR) simulations are carried out and the results are presented.
A Dy(iii)–organic framework as a fluorescent probe for highly selective detection of picric acid and treatment activity on human lung cancer cells
Authors: Fan Shi-Jie , Sun Ren , Yan Yu-Bo , Sun Hao-Bo , Pang Sai-Nan , Xu Shi-Dong
Published: September 2020

A dysprosium(iii) organic framework, {[Dy(H2O)(BTCTB)]·2H2O}n (1, H3BTCTB = 3,3′,3′′-[1,3,5-benzenetriyltris(carbonylimino)]tris-benzoic acid), was synthesized through the hydrothermal reaction of Dy(NO3)3 with the C3-symmetric organic ligand H3BTCTB at 160°C for 96 h. At the same time, the sensitivity of picric acid in water medium was tested with material 1 as the fluorescent sensor. The detection limit was 0.71 µM and KSV of this experiment was 8.55 × 104 M−1, which might be attributed to the presence of abundant amide groups in the framework of 1. In addition, the treatment effect of compound 1 against the NCI-H292 lung cancer cells was evaluated. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was conducted to measure the viability of cancer cell after treated through the compound 1. The DCFH-DA was applied for the determination of ROS. The relative expression of the inflammatory genes was measured with RT-PCR. The western blotting was conducted to detect the effect of the compound against MDM-2 levels in NCI-H292 lung cancer cells. The possible binding interactions in terms of binding poses are probed by performing molecular docking simulations.
Congenital kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: don’t let the appearances fool you
Authors: Contreras Ignacio , Boyar Vita
Published: September 2020

Objectives

To describe challenges in diagnosis and treatment of congenital Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE).

Case presentation

The neonate was born with an upper extremity vascular tumor and stable clinical state. His biopsy was inconclusive before discharge. At three weeks follow-up he presented with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP), leading to the diagnosis of KHE, a rare locally aggressive vascular tumor that was managed with combination of steroids and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR).

Conclusions

KMP in combination with the lesion biopsy can enhance KHE diagnosis, leading to successful treatment with mTOR inhibitor.
Phytosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles using the costus extract for bactericidal application against foodborne pathogens
Authors: Al-Saggaf Mohammed S. , Tayel Ahmed A. , Ghobashy Madeha O. I. , Alotaibi Maeidh A. , Alghuthaymi Mousa A. , Moussa Shaaban H.
Published: September 2020

Selenium (Se) as a bioactive micronutrient could be augmented via transforming into nanoparticles (NPs), especially using biogenic protocols, for usage as an antimicrobial element. The reducing power of costus (Saussurea costus) root extract (SCE) was employed for phytosynthesis of Se-NPs through a simple and rapid protocol that included stirred mixing of 10 mM Na2SeO3with 1.0% SCE solution for 4 h. The phytosynthesized SCE/Se-NP composite was obtained with a mean diameter of 6.13 nm and a zeta potential of −42.8 mV. Infrared analyses revealed the involvement of many SCE phytogroups in Se-NP synthesis, whereas transmission microscopy displayed well distribution and spherical shapes of the phytosynthesized NPs. The antibacterial assessments against foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli,Salmonella typhimuriumandStaphylococcus aureus) revealed the superior powers of SCE/Se-NPs and the elevated potentialities of SCE and Se-NPs for inhibition of bacterial pathogens. The scanning micrographs indicated that SCE/Se-NPs were attached to bacterial cells and led to their complete lysis/explosion with exposure prolongation. The SCE/Se-NP composites are recommended for the effective control of foodborne bacterial pathogens, applying a simple and eco-friendly phytosynthesis protocol.
An RNA-centric view on gut Bacteroidetes
Authors: Ryan Daniel , Prezza Gianluca , Westermann Alexander J.
Published: September 2020

Bacteria employ noncoding RNAs to maintain cellular physiology, adapt global gene expression to fluctuating environments, sense nutrients, coordinate their interaction with companion microbes and host cells, and protect themselves against bacteriophages. While bacterial RNA research has made fundamental contributions to biomedicine and biotechnology, the bulk of our knowledge of RNA biology stems from the study of a handful of aerobic model species. In comparison, RNA research is lagging in many medically relevant obligate anaerobic species, in particular the numerous commensal bacteria comprising our gut microbiota. This review presents a guide to RNA-based regulatory mechanisms in the phylum Bacteroidetes, focusing on the most abundant bacterial genus in the human gut, Bacteroides spp. This includes recent case reports on riboswitches, an mRNA leader, cis- and trans-encoded small RNAs (sRNAs) in Bacteroides spp., and a survey of CRISPR-Cas systems across Bacteroidetes. Recent work from our laboratory now suggests the existence of hundreds of noncoding RNA candidates in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, the emerging model organism for functional microbiota research. Based on these collective observations, we predict mechanistic and functional commonalities and differences between Bacteroides sRNAs and those of other model bacteria, and outline open questions and tools needed to boost Bacteroidetes RNA research.
Navigating being a young adult with cerebral palsy: a qualitative study
Authors: Normann Gitte , Arntz Boisen Kirsten , Uldall Peter , Brødsgaard Anne
Published: September 2020

Objectives

Young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) face potential challenges. The transition to young adulthood is characterized by significant changes in roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, young adults with chronic conditions face a transfer from pediatric care to adult healthcare. This study explores how living with CP affects young adults in general, and specifically which psychosocial, medical and healthcare needs are particularly important during this phase of life.

Methods

A qualitative study with data from individual, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with six young adults with CP (ages 21–31 years) were transcribed verbatim and analyzed. The participants were selected to provide a maximum variation in age, gender, Gross Motor Function Classification System score and educational background. A descriptive thematic analysis was used to explore patterns and identify themes.

Results

Three themes were identified: “Being a Young Adult”, “Development in Physical Disability and New Challenges in Adulthood” and “Navigating the Healthcare System”. The three themes emerged from 15 sub-themes. Our findings emphasized that young adults with CP faced psychosocial challenges in social relationships, participation in education and work settings and striving towards independence. The transition to young adulthood led to a series of new challenges that the young adults were not prepared for. Medical challenges included managing CP-related physical and cognitive symptoms and navigating adult health care services, where new physicians with insufficient knowledge regarding CP were encountered.

Conclusion

The young adults with CP were not prepared for the challenges and changes they faced during their transition into adulthood. They felt that they had been abandoned by the healthcare system and lacked a medical home. Better transitional care is urgently needed to prepare them for the challenges in young adulthood.
Investigation of the flow patterns and power requirements in agitated systems: effects of the design of baffles and vessel base
Authors: Foukrach Mohammed , Ameur Houari
Published: September 2020

The flow patterns and power consumption of a six-blade Rushton turbine (RT) in a cylindrical vessel are characterized in this paper. We focus on the effects of the shape of the vessel base by studying two cases: a conical and a dished shape. In addition, the effects of the height of the vessel base (h
2) are explored and four cases are considered, namely: h
2/D = 1/10, 1/6, 1/5 and 1/3 (D: vessel diameter). In the second part of our investigation, a new design of baffles (a triangular-shaped baffle) is suggested and a comparison is made between the performance of the standard and the triangular baffles. The main findings revealed that the conical shape of the vessel base provides a slight enhancement in the axial circulation at almost the same power input for the dished bottomed vessel. For Re < 2 × 104, the power required by both types of baffles is the same; however, above this value of Re, a reduction by about 4% in power consumption is given by the standard baffles. Also, and for all shapes of baffles and vessel bases, a reduction in power consumption may be obtained by increasing the height of the vessel base.
Catalytic performance of cerium-modified ZSM-5 zeolite as a catalyst for the esterification of glycerol with acetic acid
Authors: Gautam Priyanka , Barman Sanghamitra , Ali Amjad
Published: September 2020

Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid was carried out over cerium-modified ZSM-5 zeolites to synthesize monoacetin (MA) and diacetin (DA). The modified zeolite catalyst was characterized. The effect of reaction process parameters such as acetic acid to glycerol mole ratio (1–11), reaction temperature (30–120 °C), and catalyst weight (2–8 wt %) on the selectivity of the product was investigated. At 120 °C reaction temperature, 8 wt % catalyst, and 9:1 acetic acid to glycerol mole ratio, about 98.32% conversion of glycerol were obtained. This reaction follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics and the activation energy was found to be 63.72 kJ mol−1.
A model for calculating losses in transformer related to orders and harmonic amplitude under analysis of joule effect, eddy current and hysteresis
Authors: Santos Gabriel , Laurindo Bruno M. , Fortes Marcio Z. , França Bruno W. , Martins Flavio G.R.
Published: September 2020

The electrical transformer is one of the most used equipment in electrical power systems. The non-linear electrical loads are increasing, mainly in the electrical distribution system, and the electrical power transformer is inserted in this scenario, supplying these loads. Consequently, the increasing non-linear loads affect the electrical transformers and their factors directly, like in the dependency between temperature and harmonic increase. Therefore, to study the influence of harmonics in the transformer’s temperature, one should understand how it will behave with these changes in the electrical power system. For this reason, in this article, numeric simulations and tests were performed to predict the transformer temperature behavior. The proposal is a numeric technique for coupling two equations, thermal and electromagnetic, of an electrical transformer, considering heat sources regarding joule, eddy current, and hysteresis effect. To evaluate the numeric simulation and understanding the electrical transformer behavior in real-life, tests with specific harmonic orders (3rd, 5th, and 7th) and their combinations and a test with less than 10% total harmonic distortion, according to IEEE 519 standard were performed. It is verified that the electrical transformer temperature rises with the increase in harmonic amplitude and its orders. Results show that the industry must be aware of the effects of the increasing non-linear loads when designing the next generation of transformers concerning their durability and lifetime.
Inverse problem of determining an order of the Caputo time-fractional derivative for a subdiffusion equation
Authors: Alimov Shavkat , Ashurov Ravshan
Published: September 2020

An inverse problem for determining the order of the Caputo
time-fractional derivative in a subdiffusion equation with an
arbitrary positive self-adjoint operator A with discrete
spectrum is considered. By the Fourier method it is proved that
the value of

∥

A
⁢
u
⁢

(
t
)

∥

{\|Au(t)\|}

, where

u
⁢

(
t
)

{u(t)}

is the solution of the
forward problem, at a fixed time instance recovers uniquely the
order of derivative. A list of examples is discussed, including
linear systems of fractional differential equations, differential
models with involution, fractional Sturm–Liouville operators, and
many others.
Link failure recovery using p-cycles in wavelength division multiplex (WDM) mesh networks
Authors: Mohan Neeraj , Gupta Surbhi , Bhandari Abhay
Published: September 2020

Network survivability has become a crucial requirement in all types of computer networks. It becomes even more significant for wavelength division multiplex (WDM) mesh networks due to their high speed and capacity. These networks are prone to link failures. A link failure may be a single or multiple link failure. A single-link failure is easy to locate and fix as compared to multiple link failures. A dual-link failure recovery technique has been proposed using p-cycles. This technique uses a replication method for the p-cycle circle. It is an enhancement of the original failure independent path protection p-cycle scheme. The replica properties of p-cycle have been used to protect the nodes through the same p-cycle available. Creating a new p-cycle always adds to the cost of the network, whereas using a replica of already existing p-cycle significantly reduces the network cost. The proposed technique is implemented using network simulator in three phases.
Case report: a 10-year-old girl with primary hypoparathyroidism and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Borysewicz-Sańczyk Hanna , Sawicka Beata , Michalak Justyna , Wójtowicz Jerzy , Dobreńko Elżbieta , Konstantynowicz Jerzy , Kemp E. Helen , Thakker Rajesh V. , Allgrove Jeremy , Hannan Fadil M. , Bossowski Artur
Published: September 2020

Objectives

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease in children that occurs as a result of autoimmune destruction of the parathyroid glands, a defect in parathyroid gland development or secondary to physical parathyroid gland disturbance. Typical symptoms of hypoparathyroidism present as hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphatemia due to decreased parathyroid hormone secretion and may lead to nerve and muscles disturbances resulting in clinical manifestation of tetany, arrhythmias and epilepsy. Currently, there is no conventional hormone replacement treatment for hypoparathyroidism and therapeutic approaches include normalising mineral levels using an oral calcium supplement and active forms of vitamin D.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 10-year-old girl with primary hypoparathyroidism who had no prior history of autoimmune disorders, but who subsequently developed systemic lupus erythematosus.