bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holter study of heart function in students in winter and spring
Authors: Кулбаева М.С. , Тулеуханов С.Т. , Аблайханова Н.Т. , Нуфтиева А.И. , Умбетьярова Л.Б. , Атанбаева Г.К. , Бактыбаева Л.К. , Қайрат Б.Қ. , Кулбаев Т.Т. , Сазанова А.А. , Малибаева А.Е.
Published: May 2022

В зимний и весенний периоды проведено мониторирование по Холтеру, в основе метода которого лежит круглосуточная регистрация ЭКГ. Исследования были проведены в группе 13 здоровых студентов в возрасте 20-23 лет. Определены суточные и сезонные ритмы показателей частоты сердечных сокращений (ЧСС) по данным ЭКГ у студентов в зимнее (январь) и весеннее (март) время. По суточному ритму найдено повышенние и пониженние значений ЧСС студентов в момент бодрствования, тогда как в покое во время сна у организма были установлены минимальные значения ЧСС. При сравнение показателей ЧСС в зимнее и весеннее время были получены с высокой статистической достоверностью измененные ЧСС в 16:00, 17:00, 20:00 и в 03:00, 06:00, 07:00 08:00, 10:00, 11:00 часов следующего дня.

In the winter and spring periods, Holter monitoring was carried out, the method of which is based on round-the-clock ECG recording. Studies were conducted in a group of 13 healthy students aged 20-23 years. The daily and seasonal rhythms of heart rate indicators (HR) were determined according to ECG data for students in winter (January) and spring (March) time. According to the circadian rhythm, higher and lower values of the heart rate of students at the time of wakefulness were found, while at rest during sleep the minimum heart rate values were established in the body. When comparing heart rate indicators in winter and spring, the changed heart rate was obtained with high statistical certainty at 16:00, 17:00, 20:00 and at 03:00, 06:00, 07:00 08:00, 10:00, 11:00 the next day
Evaluation of the state of preservation of the lenticule of the cornea after refractive surgery at various periods of storage
Authors: Нурлыбекова Е.Н. , Сулейменов М.С. , Утельбаева З.Т. , Ульданов О.Г. , Масимгазиев А.С. , Кадыргалиев Б.Е.
Published: May 2022

В статье приведены данные о сохранности клеток лентикулы и изменения в них в различные сроки хранения. Изучены вопросы сохранности стромы роговицы (лентикулы) после воздействия фемтосекундным лазером.В результате операции Relex Smile высвобождается и остается невостребованной стромальная лентикула, обладающая оптико-рефракционными свойствами и открывающая широкие возможности для ее дальнейшего применения в клинике. В связи с этим актуальной остается проблема заготовки и длительного хранения лентикулярного материала, а также возможности ее применения для коррекции аметропий и другой глазной патологии.

The article presents data on the preservation of lenticular cells and changes in them at various periods of storage. The issues of the safety of the corneal stroma (lenticule) after exposure to a femtosecond laser were studied. As a result of the Relex Smile operation, the stromal lenticle is released and remains unclaimed, which has optical-refractive properties and opens up wide opportunities for its further use in the clinic. In this regard, the problem of harvesting and long-term storage of lenticular material remains relevant, as well as the possibility of its use for the correction of ametropia and other ocular pathologies.
SEVERE PREECLAMPSIA: ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS ON AN OUTPATIENT BASIS
Authors: Сексенова А.Б. , Нургалиева Л.И. , Кистаубаева Л.Т. , Мырзабаева Н.Н.
Published: May 2022

Преэклампсия это жизнеугрожающее состояние, как для матери, так и для плода во время беременности. Отдаленные последствия перенесенной преэклампсии также имеют значение. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы затруднений в постановке диагноза преэклампсии тяжелой степени, приводящие к критическим ситуациям с необходимостью оказания экстренной помощи для спасения жизни матери и ребенка. Приводятся статистические данные за 2018-2020 гг. в случаях преэклампсии тяжелой степени, приведшие к преждевременным родам, к родоразрешению оперативным путем, кровотечениям с оперативным вмешательством, с гемотрансфузией, а также к увеличению перинатальной смертности и заболеваемости. Преэклампсию в любом проявлении необходимо оценивать, как серьезную патологию, требующую к себе повышенного внимания, не дожидаясь критической ситуации. Так же доля тяжелой преэклампсии из года в год растет, по данным РФ составляет от 48% до 56,6%.

Resume:Preeclampsia is a life-threatening condition for both mother and fetus during pregnancy. The long-term consequences of previous preeclampsia are also important. This article discusses the issues of difficulties in making a diagnosis of severe preeclampsia, leading to critical situations with the need to provide emergency care to save the life of the mother and child. Statistical data are provided for 2018-2020 in cases of severe preeclampsia, which led to premature birth, surgical delivery, bleeding with surgery, blood transfusion, as well as an increase in perinatal mortality and morbidity. Preeclampsia in any manifestation must be assessed as a serious pathology that requires increased attention, without waiting for a critical situation.
FACTORS OF ACTIVE LONGEVITY OF PENSIONERS IN ALMATY
Authors: Рахимбаева К.Т. , Нуфтиева А.И. , Нурмаханова Ж.М. , Уракова А. , Мусагулова А.Н.
Published: May 2022

Проведено анкетирование 226 пациентов из 4 Центров Активного долголетия (ЦАД) г. Алматы, (106 человек прошли онлайн-анкетирование, 116 - очный опрос). У большинства респондентов (80.08 %) имеются факторы, повышающие уровень активного долголетия (отказ от вредных привычек, полноценный сон, соблюдение режима дня, правил гигиены, занятие спортом, правильное питание), отсутствуют - лишь в 19.9 %. Отсюда вытекает необходимость всем пенсионерам г. Алматы посещать ЦАД, что несомненно приведет к увеличению продолжительности и повышению качества жизни пожилого поколения.

A survey of 226 patients from 4 Centers for Active Longevity (CAP) in Almaty was conducted (106 people completed an online survey, 116 - a face-to-face survey). The majority of respondents (80.08%) have factors that increase the level of active longevity (rejection of bad habits, good sleep, adherence to the daily routine, hygiene rules, sports, proper nutrition), are absent - only in 19.9%. This implies the need for all retirees in Almaty to visit the CAA, which will undoubtedly lead to an increase in the duration and quality of life of the older generation.
CLINICAL CASE: COURSE OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN A PATIENT AFTER COVID-19
Authors: Батырбаева Арай
Published: May 2022

В статье описан атопический дерматит (АД) и представлен клинический случай течения и наблюдения атопического дерматита у больного после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 в течение 6 месяцев. В работе исследована больная, обратившаяся на амбулаторный прием к врачу-аллергологу в Республиканский аллергологический центр (РАЦ) 17 сентября 2021 г. с жалобами на высыпания на теле, сопровождающиеся зудом, шелушением, чрезмерной сухостью кожи. Диагноз БА ставили на основании клинических протоколов МЗ РК. В конце статьи сделаны выводы по лечению пациента, перенесшего коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19.

The article describes atopic dermatitis (AD) and presents a clinical case of the course and observation of atopic dermatitis in a patient after suffering a coronavirus infection COVID-19 for 6 months. The work studied a patient who went to an outpatient appointment with an allergist at the Republican Allergological Center (RAC) on September 17, 2021, with complaints of rashes on the body, accompanied by itching, peeling, and excessive dryness of the skin. The diagnosis of AD was made on the basis of clinical protocols of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan. At the end of the article, conclusions are drawn for the treatment of a patient who has suffered a coronavirus infection COVID-19.
EVALUATION OF ENDOMETRIAL RECEPTIVITY: MODERN APPROACHES (REVIEW)
Authors: Мошкалова Г.Н. , Анартаева Г.Ж. , Курманова А.М. , Мамедалиева Н.М. , Аимбетова А.Р. , Салкенова А.А. , Сейітқазы Д.Е. , Амануллаева М.С.
Published: May 2022

Одним из основных направлений преодоления репродуктивных потерь является диагностика эндометриальной дисфункции, ассоциированной с нарушением рецептивности и репаративного потенциала эндометрия. Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу состояния проблемы нарушении рецептивности эндометрия как причина репродуктивных потерь и современным методам диагностики. Для определения рецептивности эндометрия разработаныи используются различные методы. Наиболее перспективными методами диагностики периода «имплантационного окна» представляются подходы, основанные наобъединенном изучении (мультиомика)генотипа (транскрипционный анализ) и фенотипа маркеров иммунного ответа (CD фенотипирование).

Resume Diagnostics of endometrial dysfunction associated with impaired receptivity and reparative potential of the endometrium are one of the main ways to overcome reproductive losses. In this review, we evaluate the current state of the problem of impaired endometrial receptivity as a cause of reproductive losses, as well as modern diagnostic methods. To determine the receptivity of the endometrium, a variety of methods have been developed. The most promising methods for diagnosing the "implantation window" period are based on the combined analysis (multiomics) of the genotype (transcriptional analysis) and the phenotype of immune response markers (CD phenotyping).
THE PROBLEM OF MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION SYNDROME IN ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Киябаев А.М. , Егембердиев Т.Ж. , Кодасбаев А.Т. , Аубакирова А.С. , Фазылов Т.Р.
Published: May 2022

Ишемическая Болезнь Сердца (далее ИБС) до сих пор является актуальной темой в кардиологии. Одно из наиболее грозных и угрожающей жизни форм ИБС является инфаркт миокарда (далее ИМ). ИМ - это состояние, характеризующееся некрозом кардиомиоцитов, подтвержденный лабораторными и инструментальными способами диагностики. В современной медицине, хорошо себя показал эндоваскулярный способ лечения ИМ. Наиболее распространенными методами интервенционной хирургии является балоннирование и/или стентирование коронарных сосудов. При помощи данных методик возможно не только прекратить ишемические явления в миокарде, но и полностью восстановить проходимость коронарных артерий, тем самым снижая риск повторного приступа. Несмотря на инновационность методики, вместе с ней появилась грозное осложнение - Синдром Реперфузии Миокарда (СРМ). Данная патология характеризуется возникшей миокардальной, электрофизиологической и/или сосудистой дисфункцией после восстановления коронарного кровотока. СРМ может проявляется как приступом стенокардии так и фибрилляцией желудочков. Материалы и методы. В настоящем обзоре были использованы базы данных MedLine, Cochrain, PubMEd. Изучены источники без лимитирования по языку. Обзор литературы проводился в электронном и в ручном режимах. Для обзора были отобраны статьи, соответствующие критериям включения и исключения согласно ключевым словам. Цель. Проведение литературного обзора на тему синдрома реперфузии миокарда и современных и новейших способов профилактики и лечения данного синдрома.

Coronary Heart Disease (hereinafter referred to as CHD) is still an urgent topic in cardiology. One of the most threatening and life-threatening forms of coronary heart disease is myocardial infarction (hereinafter MI). MI is a condition characterized by necrosis of cardiomyocytes, confirmed by laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods. In modern medicine, the endovascular method of treating MI has shown itself well. The most common methods of interventional surgery are balonnation and/or stenting of coronary vessels. With the help of these techniques, it is possible not only to stop ischemic events in the myocardium, but also to completely restore the patency of the coronary arteries, thereby reducing the risk of a second attack. Despite the innovative nature of the technique, a formidable complication appeared with it - Myocardial Reperfusion Syndrome (CPM). This pathology is characterized by myocardial, electrophysiological and / or vascular dysfunction after the restoration of coronary blood flow. CPM can manifest as an attack of angina pectoris and ventricular fibrillation. The aim is to conduct a literary review on the topic of myocardial reperfusion syndrome and modern and newest methods of prevention and treatment of this syndrome.
MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO ADULTS IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY CLINICS IN ALMATY
Authors: Мамыркул М. Б. , Абикулова А. К. , Рамазанов М. Е. , Сейдуанова Л. Б. , Ерденова М. А.
Published: May 2022

В период вспышки COVID-19 весь мир, в том числе Казахстан был ориентирован на оказание экстренной помощи пациентам с коронавирусной инфекцией. На фоне увеличения нагрузки на систему здравоохранение, в связи с пандемией система здравоохрарнение и экономическое положение РК не справлялась. Система здравоохранения связанный с короновирусом наглядно продемонстрировал необходимость корректировок и переосмысление некторыха спектов вопроса организации стационарной помощи. Цель. Определить направлений совершенствования оказания стационарной помощи взрослому населению в условиях пандемии на примере многопрофильных стационаров г. Алматы. Метод исследования. Обобщение, систематизация и анализ отечественного и зарубежного опыты организации стационарной помощи при пандемии. Выводы. Была предложена оптимизированная и научно обоснованная организационная модель стационарной помощи при пандемии в условиях г. Алматы. Данная модель позволяет качественно и эффективно оказывать стационарную помощь взрослому населению в условиях пандемии на примере многопрофильных стационаров.

Resume: During the outbreak of COVID-19, the whole world, including Kazakhstan, was focused on providing emergency care to patients with coronavirus infection. Against the backdrop of an increase in the burden on the healthcare system, due to the pandemic, the healthcare system and the economic situation of the Republic of Kazakhstan could not cope. The health care system associated with the coronavirus has cleary demonstrated the need for adjustments and rethinking some aspects of the issue of organizing hospital care. Aim. The purpose of the article is to identify areas for improving the provision of inpatient care to the adult population in a pandemic using the example of multidisciplinary hospitals in Almaty. Search strategy. The research methods were generalization, systematization and analysis of domestic and foreign experience in organizing hospital care during a pandemic. Result. An optimized and evidence-based organizational model of inpatient care during a pandemic in the conditions of Almaty was proposed. This model makes it possible to provide high-quality and effective inpatient care to the adult population in a pandemic using the example of multidisciplinary hospitals.
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION OF ALMATY IN CONNECTION WITH THE JANUARY EVENTS OF 2022
Authors: Мукатова А.М. , Тажибаева К.Н. , Иминова Ш. , Бауыржанкызы Д. , Чалабаева Д. , Жанысбек У. , Хан Э. , Болтаев А.
Published: May 2022

Посттравматический стресс - расстройство, которое развивается при столкновении с ситуацией, представляющей угрозу жизни и здоровью. Может развиться у любого человека, если он стал жертвой такого события. А также, если он оказался наблюдателем или в результате травмирующего события пострадали его близкие родственники или друзья. Январские события 2022 года повлияли на жизнь и психологическое состояние казахстанцев, став причиной развития посттравматического стресса. В статье описано влияние этих событий на уровень стресса у населения и формирование симптомов ПТСР. Также проведена оценка влияния посттравматического стресса на обострение хронических заболеваний путем анкетирования 70 респондентов, проживающих в городе Алматы. Данное исследование проведено в связи с возникшей необходимостью понимания связи возникновения посттравматического стресса и последующих осложнений, которые развились после январских событий. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, свидетельствуют о повышенном уровне стресса после январских событий и влиянии посттравматического стресса на обострение основных и сопутствующих заболеваний.

Resume. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that's caused by a life-threatening event. Anyone who became a victim of such event, could suffer from this disorder. Also, it could happen, if the person observed this, or as a result his family/relatives/friends suffered from this event. January 2022 events influenced a life-style and psychological health conditions of Kazakhstan citizens and became the reason of increase of PTSD. In this article we described the influence of these events on a stress level and a formation of PTSD symptoms among citizens. Moreover, the evaluation of post traumatic stress influence on exacerbation of chronic diseases has been made through questioning 70 respondents, who live in Almaty This study was carried out to understand the relationship between the occurrence of post-traumatic stress and subsequent health problems, that developed after the January events. The results, obtained during the study, indicate an increased level of stress after the January events and the impact of consequent post-traumatic stress on the exacerbation of underlying and concomitant diseases.
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCI,CIRCULATING IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL IN ALMATY, KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Насирова А.М. , Колоскова Е.А. , Рамазанова Б.А. , Мустафина К.К.
Published: May 2022

В статье приводятся результаты исследования биологических свойств стафилококков, имеющих фенотипический паттерн метициллинорезистентности. Изучены количественные характеристики гемолитической и лецитиназной активности, антибиотикорезистентность, установлена способность штаммов синтезировать биопленку и проведен тест модификации патогенных свойств при сокультивировании.

The article presents the results of a study of the biological properties of staphylococci with a phenotypic pattern of methicillin resistance. We were studied the quantitative characteristics of hemolytic and lecithinase activity, antibiotic resistance, the ability of strains to synthesize a biofilm was established, and a test for the modification of pathogenic properties during co-cultivation was carried out.
IMPROVING MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AT THE PHC LEVEL (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Кайназаров А.С. , Абдикулова Л.К. , Сейдахмет Ж.С. , Рахымжан Б.Д. , Абдимомын Ж.М.
Published: May 2022

Сахарный диабет - одна из самых серьезных проблем со здоровьем на сегодняшний день, распространенное хроническое неинфекционное заболевание и его осложнения - основная причина слепоты, почечной недостаточности, сердечного приступа, инсульта и ампутации нижних конечностей. Сегодня большинство людей считают, что ресурсы для оказания медицинской помощи ограничены. Диабет является одной из основных проблем общественного здравоохранения в современном мире и на это заболевание приходится 15% медицинских услуг и расходы в США. Диабет представляет собой возрастающую угрозу для здоровья всего населения в мире и превратился в глобальную эпидемию из-за демографических и культурных изменений общества, сопровождающихся явлением старения в развивающихся странах. Диабет - дорогостоящее заболевание, основная причина сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, слепоты, почечной недостаточности и ампутации у взрослого населения во многих странах.

Resume: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious health problems today, a common chronic non-communicable disease and its complications - the main cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, stroke and amputation of the lower extremities. Today, most people believe that the resources to provide health care are limited. Diabetes is one of the major public health problems in the world today and accounts for 15% of medical care and spending in the United States. Diabetes is a growing threat to the health of the entire population in the world and has become a global epidemic due to the demographic and cultural changes in society, accompanied by the phenomenon of aging in developing countries. Diabetes is a costly disease and a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, blindness, kidney failure and amputation in the adult population in many countries.
Death, Negation, and the Problem of Absence in Chaucer’s Book of the Duchess
Authors: Bartlett Robyn A.
Published: May 2022

This article argues that the structure and lexicon of the Book of the Duchess illustrate our inability to comprehend death and the inevitable absence it entails. In its meditation on this absence, its focus on materiality, and its formal recursivity, the Book of the Duchess explores the gap between the apprehension of death (we know, in a sense, that it has happened) and the comprehension of it (it feels surreal; where has the beloved gone?). This article builds on what many scholars have noted in passing—that death is incomprehensible and that language cannot recuperate the Man in Black’s loss. And yet, very often, scholars return to the idea that in some way the poem does console, or does recreate Blanche, however poetically or even conventionally. But as this article demonstrates, the poem reminds us that nothing can restore Blanche; death is the thing we cannot recover from.
Stories Said and Not: Patience and Accommodation in the Clerk’s Tale
Authors: Nixon Jo
Published: May 2022

Griselda’s face appears three times as often in the Clerk’s Tale as it does in Chaucer’s sources. With this change, Chaucer represents the scrutiny that Griselda’s comportment receives from her diegetic community and encourages similar scrutiny from readers. Yet, in examining this increased attention to Griselda’s outward appearance, the scholarship on the tale has neglected Chaucer’s corresponding attention to Griselda’s interiority, which contextualizes and explains her patience, a virtue whose opacity has vexed both contemporary and medieval commentators. From laboring for her father to collecting herself after being reunited with her children, Chaucer’s Griselda presents a tranquil exterior that depends upon hidden, intentional management. Her patience takes on a political function in the broader social system of Saluzzo, managing the Saluzzians’ dreads and desires, as Griselda navigates the narratives the Saluzzians generate to explain Walter’s bewildering and violent behavior. The Clerk’s Tale ultimately counters the traditional hermeneutic challenges of patience by uncovering the stories that Griselda tells herself.
Confused Forces: The Tree, Living Memory in Twenty-First Century Art
Authors: Arnaud Jean
Published: May 2022

This article concerns the way in which a perceptual shock caused by a tree can constitute an event for artists, to the point of motivating the project and then the production of a work. In other words, the issue is to analyze how the encounter with certain alive or dead trees, whether physical or through a medium/reported, can determine a creative process in which memory plays an important role. The analysis will be carried out through two works in progress that are very different in their conception as well as in their means of production (the “Beuys’ acorns” project by the artist couple Ackroyd and Harvey and a personal project entitled “Forces confuses”). Various conceptual tools from psychoanalytical theory, anthropology, sociology, phenomenology of perception, theory of memory, and art history structure the case studies; these define a specific relationship between the life of forms and forms of life, linked in the experience of these works, in relation to the aesthetic, ecological, and sociopolitical context of the beginning of the twenty-first century.
The Suspension of Sight: The Reception of Graphic Design in Question
Authors: Fournier Pierre
Published: May 2022

This article explores the meaning of response events in the historiography of graphic design. The demonstration is based on a statement formulated by Jean-François Lyotard in “To Intrigue or the Graphic Designer’s Paradox,” where he defines the poster as an object made to “suspend the sight.” This article introduces a difference in the French uses of graphisme (graphic art) and design graphique (graphic design),1 to develop a historical point of view about Lyotard’s definition of graphic design. Lyotard questions the necessity for graphic designers to conceal aesthetic and political statements. Looking through the history of twentieth-century graphic design, we can identify moments where designers chose to stand for their political views through aesthetic statements. What Lyotard identifies as response events in graphic design are what we could call graphisme (graphic art).
Methodism’s History of Rejection of General Conference Actions on Issues Other than Homosexuality
Authors: Weems Lovett
Published: May 2022

Proponents of the negative and restrictive language regarding homosexuality in the United Methodist Discipline have protested that the legislation is ignored or violated by many within the denomination. Such resistance has a long history. This article highlights historical examples from United Methodism and its predecessor bodies when clergy, laity, bishops, and conferences rejected, through their actions, legislation passed by the General Conference. Issues include rebaptism, women’s lay rights, women’s clergy rights, clergy performing marriages for divorced persons, clergy smoking, and alcohol. The point of the illustrations is not that General Conference actions are meaningless. Some violations are inconsequential and properly ignored. Other actions strike at the heart of who we are and are rightfully enforced. But the rejections here remind us that legislation must rest on a shared consensus that the rules are necessary, right, and consistent with John Wesley’s passion that all come to know the love of God revealed in Jesus Christ.
A Study of Specific Dermatoses and Skin Disease Affected by Pregnancy
Authors: Naz Samina , Khan Seemab , . Monika , Abbasi Sughra , . Yasmeen , Muzaffar Ali Joyo Romasa
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Pregnancy associated skin diseases or changes can be physiological (hormonal), skin pre-existing disease, and development of dermatoses with new pregnancy. The specific skin dermatoses related to pregnancy involve eruption of pruritic skin in poorly defined heterogeneous group. The present study aimed to evaluate the specific dermatoses and skin disease affected by pregnancy. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 226 pregnant women in the Department of Dermatology and Obstetrics and Gynecology of Dow University Hospital, Karachi from June 2021 to November 2021. All the patients were investigated for pregnancy associated cutaneous changes. The presence of any concomitant dermatoses that developed during pregnancy was investigated. Detailed clinical examination was performed on pregnant women with specific dermatoses of pregnancy regarding pattern, distribution, and morphology of lesions. All the pregnant women undergone through routinely blood investigation. Results: Of the total 226 pregnant women, the incidence of specific dermatosis during pregnancy was 27 (11.95%). Prurigo of pregnancy (5.8%) was the prevalent specific dermatosis of pregnancy. The incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPP), and pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy (PFP) was 0.41%, 3.9%, and 0.17% respectively. All these skin diseases were caused by pregnancy in 11.95% of females. Conclusion: The present study found that Prurigo of pregnancy was the prevalent dermatosis of pregnancy that occurred in the multigravida second trimester. The rare dermatosis with no primary lesion was intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. The course of pregnancy-associated disease changes, in turn, causes exacerbation like psoriasis, vitiligo, and dermatosis. Keywords: Specific Dermatoses, Skin disease, Pregnancy
Outcomes of Uretheral Strictures Treated with Endoscopic Urethrotomy and Urethroplasty
Authors: Khan Noorshad , Khan Asif , Rashidullah Mohammad , Rahman Sami Ur , Ullah Ghufran , Ahmad Tausif
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the outcomes of uretheral strictures treated with endoscopic urethrotomy and urethroplasty. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Urology department of Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital, Swat for the duration of nine months from 1st January to 31st September 2021. Methods: There were sixty male patients underwent for uretheral strictures were presented in this study. After receiving informed written consent, demographic baseline parameters such as age, BMI, and comorbidities of enrolled cases were determined. Patents were divided into two groups, group I had 30 patients and received urethroplasty and group II received endoscopic urethrotomy. Complete follow up among patients of both groups were taken in duration of 4-6 months. Outcomes among both groups were assessed and compared in terms of post treatment success rate and complications. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: In group I mean age of the patients was 50.8±13.61 years and had mean BMI 24.6±13.78 kg/m2 while in group II mean age was 52.5±11.91 years with mean BMI 25.7±9.87 kg/m2. Among all 60 cases, dysuria, urinary retention and pollakiuria were the symptoms. Most common cause was infectious found in 38 (63.3%) cases followed by urethral trauma in 14 (23.3%) cases. Membranous urethra was the most common site of urethral strictures. With a p-value of 0.04 after surgical treatment, a significant difference in Q max flowmetry was detected between the two procedures (urethroplasty 15.9±11.45 Vs 9.5 ±10.61 mL/s urethrotomy). Postoperative success rate was greater in group I 25 (83.3%) cases as compared to group II in 15 (50%) cases. Recurrence rate was higher in group II 8 (26.7%) cases as compared to group I 3 (10%). Conclusion: In this study, we found that urethroplasty is safer and more successful than endoscopic urethrotomy, with greater urine flow and a low recurrence rate.
Determine the Outcomes in Covid-19 Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Samin Kashif Ali , Shah Syed Mir Usman , Din Hafiz Ud , Ullah Sami , Sheikh Muhammad Usman , Ali Amjad
Published: May 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the outcomes in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Retrospective/Observational study Place and Duration: Medicine department of Mardan Medical Complex/ Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan and Avicenna Medical & Dental College and Hospital, Lahore during the period from May, 2021 to October, 2021. Methods: Participants in this research ranged in age from 18 to 80 and were split between males and females who were either diabetic or not. Patients' demographics including age, gender, BMI, and socioeconomic status were recorded upon receipt of informed written consent. All individuals with a radiographic or polymerase chain reaction-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in the study. Adverse outcomes among all cases were measured. In order to evaluate all of our data, we used SPSS 24. Results: Among 120 cases, 75 (62.5%) males and 45 (37.5%) were females. There were 70 (58.3%) cases diabetic and 50 (41.7%) were non-diabetic. Among 70 cases of diabetic, 20 were newly diagnosed to diabetes mellitus II. Mean age of the patients was 48.14±16.51 years and had mean BMI 30.02±6.36 kg/m2. Hypertension was found in 52 (43.3%) and cardiovascular disease in 39 (32.5%) cases. Hospital stay in patients of diabetes mellitus II was significantly higher as compared to non-diabetic cases. Mortality rate in diabetes patients was higher found in 40 (57.1%) cases as compared to non-diabetic cases 11 (22%). Conclusion: People with COVID-19 who were diabetic had a much higher mortality rate than those who weren't diabetics. Consequently, diabetes patients must be taught about the dangers of infection-related hyperglycemia, the need of adhering to sick-day rules, and the effects of social isolation. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus II, Covid-19, Hypertension, Mortality
Variable Outcome of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shah Syed Mir Usman , Mumtaz Arif , Din Hafiz Ud , Khan Qaisar Ali , Qamar Hefsa , Hanif Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and biochemical parameters among patients of acute viral hepatitis in diabetic and non-diabetic cases. Study Design: Observational/Prospective study Place and Duration: In the department of Medicine, Northwest General Hospital & Research Centre, Hayatabad Peshawar and DHQ and Teaching Hospital KDA, Kohat during the period from January, 2021 June, 2021. Methods: There were one hunded and eight cases of acute viral hepatitis were included in this study. Included cases were aged between 18-65 years. A patient's demographic information, such as age, gender, BMI (Body Mass Index), residence, and education status, was collected once the patient provided written consent and informed consent was obtained. Patients categorized in two groups. Group I had 54 diabetic patients and group II had 54 non diabetic patients with AVH. Smoking history and etiology among both groups were assessed. Patients’ clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated during hospital stay among both groups. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: There were 72 (66.7%) males and 38 (33.3%) females among 108 cases. In group I mean age was 42.13±6.45 years with mean BMI 25.11±6.34 kg/m2 while in group II mean age was 39.88±11.56 years and had mean BMI 24.7±14.62 kg/m2. Majority of the cases among both groups were from urban areas 32 (59.3%) and 28 (51.9%) cases. There were 35 (64.9%) patients were married in group I and in group II 30 (55.6%) patients were married. Among both groups 25 (46.3%) and 29 (53.7%) patients were literate. Hepatitis E was the most common etiology among both groups followed by B and A. ALT and albumin levels were substantially lower in diabetics than nondiabetics, while mean blood bilirubin levels were significantly higher in diabetics than nondiabetics. Hospital stay in diabetic patients was also greater than that of non-diabetic patients with p value <0.05. Mortality in group I was 2 (3.7%) because of liver failure and in group II there was not any mortality found. Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, diabetic individuals with AVH had lower ALT levels, higher bilirubin levels, a greater risk of liver failure, and longer hospital stays than non-diabetics. Keywords: Diabetes, Acute Viral Hepatitis, Mortality, Clinical Outcomes
The Effectiveness of Manheim Peritonitis Index in Peritonitis Secondary to Hollow Viscous Perforation in Termso of Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Samo Almas , Shah Syed Nadeem Ali , Mumtaz Naeem , Arif Attaullah , Rahman Haseena
Published: May 2022

Background: Manheim peritonitis index (MPI) is the most effective scoring system in predicting morbidity and mortality in patients with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation. Higher score of MPI has higher morbidity in terms of prolong stay, wound sepsis, burst and re-burst, multiple explorations within same admissions, multi-organ dysfunction and failure. However, score less than 21 has better outcome in terms of uneventful recovery and timely discharge. Aim: To find out the effectiveness of MPI in terms of morbidity and mortality in patients with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation. Methods: This is a quantitative analytical cross sectional study carried out at a General surgical department and casualty surgical bay of a tertiary care hospital Lady Reading Hospital MTI, located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, spanning a duration of six months from August 2021 to January 2022. MPI score was applied on all the patients with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation their scores and scores related morbidity and mortality was analyzed using chi-square test, P value kept less than 0.05. All the data entered on predesigned electronically Generated Questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS software 24 version. Results: Comorbid, age of patient, gender, nature of exudate, time of presentation, associated shock, organ failure was the most associated factors along with all scores of MPI affecting morbidity and mortality in our study. Amongst them Males (n=89) exceeded females (n=10). perforated duodenal ulcer was the most cause of hollow viscus perforation (n= 56), followed by enteric. Most of age group affected by enteric were younger age group ranging between 18y -25y. Higher score of MPI more than 21 have potential morbidity and mortality. The main findings in our study is higher MPI score has higher morbidity and mortality, age and co-morbid were additional factors which increases morbidity and mortality even if the MPI score was less than Conclusion: Manheim peritonitis index is a simple and effective tool when applied on patients with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation to predict morbidity and mortality. It should be routinely used for prediction of outcomes, focused strategy and treatment planning in patients with peritonitis secondary to hollow viscus perforation. Keywords: Manheim peritonitis index, hollow viscus perforation, peritonitis, burst, wound sepsis, anastomotic leak.
Frequency and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Enterica Isolates in a Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Ejaz Asma , Khawaja Aneela , Fatima Kiran , Alavi Nusrat , Asif Maliha , . Abeer
Published: May 2022

Background: Typhoid fever is endemic in South Asia and is the most common bacteremic illness in children in Pakistan, with rates as high as 1000 cases per 100000 child-years having been reported from Karachi. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica strains has been highly reported from developing countries. Fluoroquinolone resistance has also been highly reported. Clinical cases of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella enteric isolates have also been reported recently leading to spread of XDR strains. Methodology; Between 1st January-31st December 2021, a total of 1385 blood sample were processed for identification of enteric fever isolates. The blood samples were inoculated in the tryptic soy broth bottles. The strain identification was initially performed by Gram staining, and by using API 20E. For serovar confirmation, agglutination assays were performed using antisera. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing for the Salmonella enterica isolates was performed using the disc diffusion method according to the (CLSI) standards for the following antibiotics; ampicillin, amoxicillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Results: A total of 425(30.68%) samples gave positive growth. Sixty-two (14.58%) isolates were identified as Salmonella enterica species. Eight isolates (12.90%) were from < 5 years of age group, 35(56.45%) from 5 to 15 years age group. Species differentiation revealed, 52(83.87%) were Salmonella typhi and 10(16.12%) were Salmonella paratyphi A. Sensitivity pattern of the isolates (n=62), indicated 29(46.77%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR), while 32(51.61%) were extensively-drug resistant (XDR). Conclusions: Both governmental and nongovernmental organizations in Pakistan need to actively promote vaccination campaigns and healthy hygiene habits and discourage irrational use of antibiotics to prevent the mortality and morbidity associated with increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogens. Safe water supply, personal hygiene and effective antibiotic policies can help us to control the disease therefore reducing antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, salmonella enteric, bacteremic illness
Do We Need to Increase Community Awareness Regarding Self-Breast and Clinical Breast Examination in Pakistan?
Authors: Khan Hina , Raza Vishal Farid , Choudhry Samiha , Ali Ramsha , Yaqub Mahroze , Ahmad Mah Noor , Khan Khalid Javeed , Irshad Khalid
Published: May 2022

Background: Pakistani women have high odds of developing breast cancer. This risk begs health education and health literacy regarding breast cancer for women. The cornerstone for timely access to healthcare lies in women being educated about the disease and having positive healthcare seeking behaviors. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study done at a tertiary care public sector hospital in Lahore. The study was conducted in the breast clinic. Women were enrolled from May 2021 till June 2021. De-identified data regarding demographics and awareness, knowledge and practice regarding breast cancer, self-breast examination, clinical breast examination and mammography were recorded. Results: Less than 20% of women had education at or above an undergraduate degree. 22% of women had a positive family history of breast cancer. All participants knew of breast cancer, 42% identified friends as information source. Only 24% had heard of breast self-examination. 26% correctly identified how to perform one. Conclusion: Advocating health literacy by teaching women from the community how to perform breast self-examination through social media and breast clinics are needed in Pakistan. Keywords: Breast Cancer; Lahore; Community; Awareness
Fetal out comes in Pre-Eclampsia with raised Maternal Serum Uric Acid
Authors: Nadeem Afshan , Rehman Abida , Sultana Nayyer , Mehmood Riffat , Merum Areysia , , Riaz Nouman , Mehmood Zahid
Published: May 2022

Aim: To compare adverse fetal outcome of hyperuricemic pre-eclamptic pregnancy with normouricemic pre-eclamptic pregnancy. Study design: A Cohort Study Methodology: In this study patients with serum uric acid level(SUA) >5.5mg/dl were included in group A and patients with SUA level <5.5mg/dl were included in group B. Patients with medical disorders like renal disease, hypertension, diabetes and currently using drugs affecting uric acid levels like thiazide diuretics were excluded. Both groups were followed until delivery. Intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight was recorded. Results: A total of sixty patients were studied with age range from 18 to less than 40 years. The mean age in group A was 33.566± 4.19 years while 34.100± 3.46 years in group B. Mean Gestational age was 33.500±4.22 weeks in group A and 34.200±4.71 weeks in group B, while mean serum uric acid level was 7.416±1.04 in group A and 4.202±0.61 in group B. Intrauterine growth restriction was seen 93.3% in group A as compare to 60% in group B (P=0.002)(RRR=55.5%) while Low birth weight was 70% in group A and 10% in group B (P=0.000). Conclusion: The pregnancies with pre-eclampsia and raised serum uric acid levels result in adverse fetal outcome. Significant increased number of IUGR and LBW fetuses were observed in babies born to pre-eclamptic mothers with raised serum uric acid levels in comparison with babies born to normo-uricemic pre eclamptic mothers. Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, serum uric acid, fetal outcome
Frequency of Wound Breakdown In Patients Undergoing Elective Versus Emergency Cesarean Section
Authors: Sultana Nayyer , Zia Uzma , Riaz Abida , Gul Shirin , Aashiq Seemab
Published: May 2022

Aim: To compare the frequency of the wound breakdown after elective versus emergency cesarean section. Study design: Prospective, comparative, descriptive study Place & Duration: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Central Park Teaching hospital, Lahore for six months i.e. 12-2-2019 to 16-8-2019 Methodology: 180 females were enrolled in the study from labour room after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two groups were formed i.e. emergency cesarean delivery and elective cesarean delivery. The frequency of both types of cesarean deliveries was noted. The risk factors that could lead to impaired wound healing were noted. Then the females were followed-up in OPD for 10 days to evaluate for presence or absence of wound breakdown in both groups. Females with wound breakdown were managed as per hospital protocols. Results: The mean age of the patients was 29.77±6.16years. The mean gestational age of the patients was 38.94±0.81 weeks. The women with normal BMI were 64 (35.65%), 58 (32.2%) were overweight and 58 (32.2%) were obese. In this study 97(53.9%) women underwent emergency C-section and the remaining 83(46.1%) women underwent elective C-section. There were 19(10.6%) patients with wound breakdown and 161(89.4%) without wound breakdown. Frequency of wound breakdown was significant higher among women who underwent emergency C-section i.e. Emergency: 19.6% vs. Elective: 0%, p-value=0.000. Conclusion: Frequency of wound breakdown was significantly higher in women who underwent emergency cesarean section. Key words: Emergency, Elective, Cesarean section, break down, Wound
Systematic and Local Effect of Doxycycline and Low Intensity Laser Treatment on Periodontitis in Rats
Authors: Asghar Hassan , Asghar Amina , Asghar Chaudhry Umar , Chaudhry Fatima
Published: May 2022

Aim: : To evaluate the systematic and local effect of doxycycline and low intensity laser treatment on periodontitis in rats. Study design: Prospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Periodontology, De’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore from 1st January 2021 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: One hundred of rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were selected and divided into two groups. In Group I, 50 rats were given induction of periodontal disease while other 50 as Group II were not given the induction of the periodontal disease and were designated as non-treatment group. Lowe left 1st molar was covered with ten-number cotton threads using altered forceps. Group I rats were further divided into slots of ten rats depending upon the local-treatment they would be receiving including doxycycline and or low intensity laser. After seven days of receiving periodontal disease the ligature was removed from each rat. Results: The animal was euthanatized after completion of 30 days follow-up. Post-euthanasia the jaws were removed and preserved in 10% solution of formalin for a period of 48 hours. The left side was then subjected to the x ray imaging after its separation from the right side. The imaging illustrated that there was significant bone loss in the Group II. Considering the bone loss in all the groups it was observed that reduced bone loss was presented in Sub group I c, d and e than Sub group I a and Group II on day seven. Conclusion: Periodontitis was greatly reduced in doxycycline ad well as low intensity laser groups systematically as well as locally in comparison with no treatment group. Key words: Periodontitis, Doxycycline, Low intensity laser
Role of Transvaginal Ultrasound in Management of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Sohu Din Muhammad , Das Bhagwan , Rasul Muhammad Rashid , Memon Imran Khan , Ullah Inayat , Hafeez Rabia
Published: May 2022

Aim: To evaluate the transvaginal ultrasound in management of abnormal uterine bleeding. Place and duration of study: Department of Radiology, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital Sukkur from 1st July 2021 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: In this prospective study one hundred patients were enrolled. The patients were scrutinized on bases of their abnormal uterine bleeding and underwent transvaginal ultrasound. The clinical and demographic information was recorded and the sonographic results were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference of age with the number of their births. Menorrhagia was observed in 13% while 57(57%) had metrorrhagia and 30% were having menometrorrhagia. The abnormal uterine bleeding diagnosis was made and it was seen that 61% leiomyoma, 22% polyp, 12% adenomyosis and 5% endometrial adenocarcinoma cases were presented respectively. Within these cases endometrial adenocarcinoma had transvaginal scan sensitivity of 100% followed by leiomyoma as 93% transvaginal scan sensitivity in cases. Conclusion: Transvaginal ultrasound is an efficient way of managing abnormal uterine bleeding. Keywords: Uterine bleeding, Transvaginal, Ultrasonography