bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association between Vitamin D3 Deficiency and Cataract Formation in Baghdad Al-Karkh
Authors: Raad Saeed Hiba , Ghazi Dadoosh Ahmed , Mohamad Ali Besmah , Awad Mohamed Elbassiouny Khaled
Published: October 2024

Background: Visual impairment is a global issue that is particularly problematic for poor nations. It is linked to diminished physical activity, social isolation, reliance on everyday tasks, and even death. The clouding of the lens inside the eye is called a cataract. It is one of the main causes of blindness and visual impairment in the world. Because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, vitamin D, a prohormone in the blood, is crucial to the pathophysiology of many ocular illnesses. Given that oxidative stress and inflammation are significant contributors to the development of cataracts, a number of research have evaluated the relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency and cataract formation.
Objective: Determine whether a vitamin D3 deficiency and cataracts are related.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study that was carried out included a total of 100 cataract patients who are 60 years of age or younger from September 2023 to March 2024 in the Ophthalmology Department of Imamein Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Questionnaire form was used which consist of sociodemographic information, socioeconomic status, dietary sources of vitamin D3, sun exposure, anthropometric measures and ophthalmic examination. Vitamin D3 level had been investigated in laboratory of the hospital.
Results: Thirty percent of patients had cortical cataracts, 57% had nuclear cataracts, and 13% had posterior subcapsular cataracts. Sixty-nine percent of patients had a vitamin D3 level that is less than 20 ng/ml. Of the patients, 13% had a vitamin D3 level between 20 and 30 ng/ml, while 18% had a level greater than 30 ng/ml. There is a significant association between the level of vitamin D3 and the type of cataract (p-value = 0.013). Sixty-nine percent of patients with deficient vitamin D3 levels had 9% posterior subcapsular cataracts, 36% cortical cataracts, and 55% nuclear cataracts. Patients with insufficient vitamin D3 levels had 8% posterior subcapsular cataracts, 8% cortical cataracts, and 84% nuclear cataracts. While patients with sufficient vitamin D3 levels had 33% posterior subcapsular cataracts, 22% cortical cataracts, and 45% nuclear cataracts. The body mass index and vitamin D3 level were significantly associated (p-value = 0.003). Patients with a vitamin D3 level less than 20 ng/ml comprised 31% overweight patients, 26% class I obese patients, 26% class II obese patients, and 4% class III obese patients. Thirteen percent of these patients had normal weights. Patients with a vitamin D3 level 20-30 ng/ml comprised 46% overweight patients, 23% class II obese patients, and 31% with normal weight. While patients with a vitamin D3 level more than 30 ng/ml comprised 33% normal weight patients and 67% overweight.
Conclusion: Vitamin D3 deficiency has a significant association with cataract formation, especially nuclear and cortical types, sun exposure, educational level, socioeconomic status, and obesity.
Role of surfactant therapy in reducing oxygen requirement and mortality among neonates suffering from respiratory distress syndrome: A Prospective study at Al – Batool teaching hospital in Diyala province
Authors: Qais Mahmood Almaroof Sura , Hussein Alwan Shaima , Abed  Hasan Al Gburi Estabraq , Tariq Abdul-Wahaab Issam
Published: October 2024

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a breathing disorder characterized by a deficiency or inactivity of surfactant in the lungs of preterm and term babies and if not treated, it leads to serious complications like pneumothorax, emphysema, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and death.
Objective: To estimate the effect of surfactant therapy on oxygen requirement and neonatal mortality as well as the incidence of RDS in the special care neonatal unit (SCNU) in the AL Batool Teaching Hospital in Diyala Governorate.
Patients and Methods: A sample of 2000 patients with signs and symptoms of RDS at the time of presentation was prospectively collected from the 1st of July 2022 until the 1st of March 2023 in SCNU at Al-Batool Teaching Hospital. Gestational age, body weight, the use of oxygen, surfactant therapy, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were taken into consideration in assessing the outcome of RDS neonates.
Results: There was a significant relationship between surfactant administrations, the period of staying on CPAP, and oxygen demand as the p-value was < 0.001 for both. Neonates who received surfactant had a lower mortality rate, with an incidence of 2.5%; the p-value was < 0.001. Incidence of neonatal RDS was 694 (34.7%).
Conclusion: Since the incidence of RDS was 34.7%, surfactant therapy should be routine in neonatal special and intensive care units. Proper use of surfactant (proper timing and mode of administration) reduces oxygen demand, the need for CPAP, hospitalization, and mortality among those neonates.
Structural and biochemical analysis of ligand binding in yeast Niemann–Pick type C1–related protein
Authors: Nel Lynette , Thaysen Katja , Jamecna Denisa , Olesen Esben , Szomek Maria , Langer Julia , Frain Kelly M , Höglinger Doris , Wüstner Daniel , Pedersen Bjørn P
Published: October 2024

In eukaryotes, integration of sterols into the vacuolar/lysosomal membrane is critically dependent on the Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) system. The system consists of an integral membrane protein, called NCR1 in yeast, and NPC2, a luminal soluble protein that transfers sterols to the N-terminal domain (NTD) of NCR1 before membrane integration. Both proteins have been implicated in sterol homeostasis of yeast and humans. Here, we investigate sterol and lipid binding of the NCR1/NPC2 transport system and determine crystal structures of the sterol binding NTD. The NTD binds both ergosterol and cholesterol, with nearly identical conformations of the binding pocket. Apart from sterols, the NTD can also bind fluorescent analogs of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine, as well as sphingosine and ceramide. We confirm the multi-lipid scope of the NCR1/NPC2 system using photo-crosslinkable and clickable lipid analogs, namely, pac-cholesterol, pac-sphingosine, and pac-ceramide. Finally, we reconstitute the transfer of pac-sphingosine from NPC2 to the NTD in vitro. Collectively, our results support that the yeast NPC system can work as versatile machinery for vacuolar homeostasis of structurally diverse lipids, besides ergosterol.
БУХГАЛТЕРСКИЙ И НАЛОГОВЫЙ УЧЕТ: АНАЛИЗ РАЗЛИЧИЙ И МОДЕЛИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
Authors: ОРЛОВА ЕЛЕНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
Published: October 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы взаимодействия бухгалтерского и налогового учета. Вопросы сближения двух видов учета неоднократно становились предметом рассмотрения как в научных трудах, так и в публикациях практической направленности. Задача сближения, начиная с 2005 г., реализовывалась на законодательном уровне и в свое время была закреплена в Основных направлениях налоговой политики Российской Федерации. Вместе с тем существует аргументированное мнение о необходимости разделения этих двух видов учета. Цель данной статьи – рассмотреть существующие концепции взаимодействия бухгалтерского и налогового учета, проанализировать различия и оценить возможность их сближения. Исследование проводилось путем обобщения, систематизации и логического анализа соответствующей теме нормативной правовой базы, научных исследований и практических рекомендаций. В результате анализа выделены основные особенности группировки доходов и расходов организации, их признания в бухгалтерском и налоговом учете, квалификации и классификации амортизируемого имущества, способов оценки основных средств и т.д. Приведены возможные модели организации учета. Сделан вывод о том, что внесение антикризисных поправок в налоговое законодательство и принятый в бухгалтерском учете курс на международные стандарты в настоящее время неизбежно приводят к параллельному существованию бухгалтерского и налогового учета в Российской Федерации.
ОЦЕНКА ВЕЛИЧИНЫ НАЛОГОВЫХ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НАЛОГОПЛАТЕЛЬЩИКА
Authors: БЫКОВ СТЕПАН СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , ОРЛОВА ЕЛЕНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
Published: October 2024

Одним из наиболее важных управленческих решений является выбор оптимальной системы налогообложения, поскольку от принятого решения будет зависеть минимизация расходов, а значит, и успешность деятельности организации. Различным аспектам выбора налогового режима посвящено значительное количество научных публикаций и практических комментариев. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы налоговой оптимизации во взаимосвязи с различными показателями деятельности предприятий, такими как соотношение доходов и расходов, расходов на оплату труда и материальных затрат (или расходов на приобретение товаров в сфере торговли). Актуальность исследования обусловлена изменениями в порядке применения специальных режимов с 2025 г. Целью данной статьи является рассмотрение влияния параметров деятельности налогоплательщика на налоговую нагрузку и финансовые результаты. В ходе подготовки статьи использовались методы сравнения, обобщения, систематизации и анализа. Исследованы показатели налоговой нагрузки и чистой прибыли при применении УСН. Сделан вывод о росте налоговой нагрузки и издержек налогообложения для налогоплательщиков в результате изменений в налоговом законодательстве.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯ И ФИНАНСОВЫЕ РИСКИ В ЭПОХУ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ: МЕТОДЫ ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЯ И ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: ИБРАГИМОВА ПАИЗАТ АЛИЕВНА , КАЧАЕВА ГЮЛЬХАНУМ ИБАДУЛАХОВНА , МУСХАНОВА ХЕДА ЖАМУЛОВНА
Published: October 2024

В статье раскрыты основные аспекты экономических преступлений и финансовых рисков в условиях цифровизации, а также методы обеспечения информационной безопасности, с которыми сталкивается Россия. Также изучены причины и факторы, способствующие высокому уровню экономических преступлений в стране, включая сложную экономическую и политическую ситуацию, недостаточный контроль со стороны государственных органов и низкую эффективность правоохранительных органов. В статье рассмотрены наиболее распространенные виды экономических преступлений, такие как финансовые махинации в банковском секторе, коррупция в государственных органах, незаконная деятельность в сфере налогообложения, мошеннические действия, присвоение и кража интеллектуальной собственности, а также незаконные операции с недвижимым имуществом. Цель статьи заключается в анализе методов предупреждения и борьбы с экономическими преступлениями, финансовыми рисками и угрозами информационной безопасности, а также предложении эффективных мер для их минимизации. Практическая значимость предложений заключается в ужесточении законодательства, международном сотрудничестве, применении инновационных технологий и улучшении управленческих практик на уровне предприятий. Ожидаемые результаты включают снижение уровня экономических преступлений и финансовых рисков, улучшение информационной безопасности и повышение доверия к финансовой системе России. В заключении подчеркивается необходимость комплексного подхода к противодействию экономическим преступлениям и важность согласованных действий между государственными органами и частным сектором.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ПОСТКОНФЛИКТНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ ПОДВЕРГШИХСЯ ВОЗДЕЙСВИЮ ПРИРОДНЫХ КАТАСТРОФ И СТИХИЙНЫХ БЕДСТВИЙ
Authors: КИРЕЙ ВЛАДИМИР ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ
Published: October 2024

Количество и интенсивность вооруженных конфликтов непрерывно растет, увеличивая риски природных катастроф и стихийных бедствий на территориях, затронутых вооруженной борьбой. Уничтожение и деградация природных экосистем, являющихся естественными препятствиями для природных катастроф в результате осуществления вооруженной борьбы, увеличивают риски стихийных бедствий и увеличивают разрушения. Вооруженные конфликты ослабляют способность правительств и местных институтов самоуправления управлять рисками стихийных бедствий и природных катастроф. Вооруженный конфликт способствует снижению экономической активности и производственной деятельности, что приводит к сокращению расходов на осуществление мероприятий по снижению риска стихийных бедствий. Раскрытие информации о влиянии стихийных бедствий на бизнес важно для пользователей финансовой отчетности при осуществлении оценки потенциальных рисков и неопределенностей, связанных с коммерческой деятельностью. Процесс постконфликтного восстановления в результате негативного воздействия вооруженного конфликта подрывает способность органов государственного и муниципального управления обеспечить реализацию мероприятий по борьбе с последствиями стихийных бедствий и природных катастроф. Привлечение бизнес-сообщества к процессу восстановления может повысить скорость оказания, качество и доступность общественных услуг на постконфликтных территориях, пострадавших от стихийных бедствий. Частный сектор может оказать помощь сразу же после стихийного бедствия, позволяя сообществу быстрее восстановиться за счет сокращения времени реагирования. Основная задача данной статьи заключается в описании факторов воздействия природных катастроф на сектора постконфликтной экономики и формировании рекомендаций по разработке механизмов взаимодействия бизнес-сообщества и органов власти постконфликтных территорий с целью минимизации негативных последствий природных катастроф и стихийных бедствий.
Effect of a 12-Week High Intensity Interval Training on Serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor of Obese Undergraduates
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science, Technology and Agriculture, Central State University, Wilberforce, Ohio, USA, E. Eimuhi Karl
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the effect of a 12-week High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) among obese undergraduates of the University of Benin. The pretest-posttest randomized experimental design was employed for the study. The study involved a population of one hundred and twenty obese undergraduates, with a sample of twenty-four selected using simple random sampling. The participants’ anthropometric profiles were analyzed descriptively using mean and standard deviation, and the hypothesis was tested using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with statistical significance set at a p-value of <0.05. The Bonferroni post-hoc test was conducted to pinpoint the source of the differences between the groups. The results showed a significantly higher increase in Serum BDNF levels (2.07 ± 1.9 vs. 2.38 ± 2.1) in the experimental group. This suggests that the HIIT protocol had a notable impact on the serum BDNF concentration of the obese undergraduates. Therefore, HIIT may serve as an effective intervention for elevating BDNF levels and potentially enhancing brain health. The study recommends that policymakers in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan African nations should prioritize addressing obesity due to its potential cognitive complications.
Shoulder girdle injuries in volleyball players: structure, symptoms, cause and prevention. A narrative review
Authors:   Faculty of sport and physical education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Delibašić Ivana , Durlević Slavka ,   Faculty of sport and physical education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Marković Ina ,   Faculty of sport and physical education, Novi Sad, Serbia, Durlević Marija ,   Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica
Published: October 2024

Shoulder joint injuries are a major concern in volleyball, particularly among elite athletes who undergo rigorous training sessions and frequently participate in competitions. Given that volleyball is a polystructured sport that requires volleyball players to constantly change the amplitude of movement in the shoulder joint, frequent injuries such as subacromial impact syndrome, compression of the suprascapular nerve, bursitis and tendinitis of the rotator cuff occur. In order to prevent injuries, prevention programs are increasingly introduced today. Consequently, the aim of this research was to describe the structure and prevention of shoulder girdle injuries in volleyball players. Prevention programs developed by researchers have been shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of shoulder injuries. Prevention programs include adequate warming up, strengthening and stretching of the muscles of the shoulder girdle, as well as correct execution of technical elements. The development and implementation of individualized prevention and rehabilitation programs can significantly contribute to reducing the risk of injuries and prolonging the sports career of volleyball players.
Significado para a Modelagem Matemática evidenciado no planejamento de uma prática para a sala de aula
Authors: Pessoa da Silva Karina Alessandra
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo temos como objetivo evidenciar a atribuição de significado para a Modelagem Matemática por professoras em formação continuada quando planejam uma prática após vivenciarem o aprender sobre e o aprender por meio da modelagem. Nosso aporte teórico é a Modelagem Matemática como alternativa pedagógica e a Semiótica Peirceana que versa sobre o significado atribuído aos objetos por meio dos signos que o representam. Considerando a necessidade de abordar ações que permitam o ensino da Modelagem Matemática, nos debruçamos no planejamento de uma prática para a sala de aula por uma dupla de professoras na disciplina de Modelagem Matemática de um Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Matemática, no ano de 2021. A análise do episódio-dupla e do episódio-compartilhamento do planejamento foi orientada na Teoria Fundamentada em Dados. O movimento analítico fez emergir quatro categorias que revelaram a atribuição de significado para a Modelagem Matemática: considerações sobre os alunos, considerações sobre o conteúdo matemático, considerações sobre a temática e considerações sobre a dinâmica da prática.
EFL INSTRUCTORS’ PERSPECTIVES OF L1 USE IN L2 CLASSROOM: A CASE STUDY AT BİNGÖL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Geylani Yahya
Published: October 2024

Language experts, educators, and scholars have long debated using first language (L1) in foreign/second language (L2) classrooms. During the heydays of the Direct Method, also called the Natural Method, which was sequenced by the Audio-lingual method, language scholars and educators strongly rejected L1 use in L2 classrooms. These two methods were an objection to the Grammar Translation Method that allows and facilitates L1 use in L2 classrooms. However, whether L1 use should be welcomed or refrained in L2 classrooms remains an open question. Ten English as a foreign language (EFL) instructors participated in the research. The required data was gathered using a questionnaire, and SPSS 20 was used for analysis. Three of the participants were interviewed in a semi-structured manner to gain a deeper understanding of their perspectives and to strengthen the quantitative data. This study was carried out to understand EFL instructors’ perceptions of using L1 in L2 classrooms who teach both in preparatory classes and at the English language and literature department at Bingöl University, Türkiye. The analyses and interpretations of the data showed that L1 is mostly used for teaching L2 grammar and vocabulary. The study also showed that there are too many contributing factors of L1 use, such as building mutual intelligibility (comprehension), giving clear instructions, setting up a good rapport with students, reducing anxiety, integrating humour into L2 classes, and reprimanding and appraising students.
इतिहास शिक्षण का निर्णायक उपकरण शिक्षक
Authors: Nishant Nipun , Ranjan Ashish , Bharti Samaresh
Published: October 2024

किसी विषय का शिक्षण एक कला है । जो विषय की प्रकृति के अनुसार बदलती रहती है । इसलिए विषय शिक्षक, कक्षा में शिक्षण के क्रम में विषय की अवधारणाओं को समझाने के दौरान कई चुनौतियों से रूबरू होता है । यह चुनौतियाँ कमोबेश हर विषय की प्रकृति में होती हैं जो विद्यार्थियों के अधिगम स्तर के साथ मिलकर शिक्षण को और अधिक गंभीर बना देती हैं । शिक्षण में आनेवाली इन चुनौतियों का हल जब विषयी शिक्षक प्रशिक्षित हो रहे होते हैं तो उस समय ही कुछ बातों का ध्यान रख इन चुनौतियों का एक उचित हल पाया जा सकता है । उदाहरणस्वरूप इतिहास शिक्षण के लिए तैयार हो रहे शिक्षकों को यह बताया जाए कि विद्यालयी इतिहास पुस्तकलेखन और इतिहास विषय के शिक्षण में समन्वय कम है क्योंकि अमूमन इन दोनों कामों को करनेवाले लोग अलग-अलग हैं । इस अंतर को पाटने के लिए प्रशिक्षु-शिक्षकों में यह समझ विकसित करनी होगी कि इतिहास शिक्षकों को निर्मित करने में इतिहासकारों की भूमिका किस प्रकार की है (इतिहास लेखन की प्रकृति को समझना, इतिहासकार की दृष्टि को परखना), इसके साथ ही इतिहास विषय को पढ़ाना और सीखना क्या होता है इसको भी ध्यान में रखना बेहद जरूरी है । इसके अतिरिक्त इतिहास विषय की प्रकृति को भी जानना जरूरी है जैसेकि इतिहास क्या है, यह विद्यालयी शिक्षा में क्यों जरूरी है साथ ही इतिहास शिक्षण के उपरांत शिक्षार्थी में किन-किन क्षमताओं का विकास होता साथ ही इसके अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पहलू पाठ्यचर्या, पाठ्यक्रम और पाठ्यपुस्तकों की प्रकृति ( विषयवस्तु और उद्देश्य ) से भी भली-भांति परिचित होना जरूरी है, क्योंकि इससे शिक्षक कक्षाई विविधता और विद्यार्थियों के पृष्ठभूमि से परिचित होकर कक्षा में इतिहास का समावेशी शिक्षण कर सकेंगे । जिससे कृष्ण कुमार के शब्दों में शिक्षक “मीक तानाशाह” की छवि से भी मुक्त हो सकेंगे । इतिहास की अवधारणाओं को समझने के लिए शिक्षकों द्वारा शिक्षार्थियों में कुछ बुनियादी समझ को विकसित करने की जरूरत है जैसेकि समय के बदलाव की अवधारणा, कारणता, संदर्भ, जटिलता, संभावना इत्यादि । जिससे शिक्षार्थी प्राथमिक एवं गौण स्रोतों से प्राप्त ऐतिहासिक अर्थ को समझकर उसके पक्ष और विपक्ष में तर्क गढ़ सकेंगे, जो इतिहास शिक्षण का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण उद्देश्य है । जिससे पाठ्यचर्या के व्यक्त और अव्यक्त उद्देश्य भी पूरा हो सकेंगे ।
REVIVING LEGACY: HOW DHABHLA WEAVING IS MAKING A COMEBACK
Authors: Mogha Arooshi , Sharma Neeraj Rawat
Published: October 2024

The globalization of trade has completed it easier for consumers to access a wide variety of clothing options from around the world. While this can create opportunities for handloom weavers to reach new markets, it also means they must compete with producers from other countries who may have lower production costs. However, the art of Dhabhla weaving from the arid landscapes of Kutch is an exception to the above fact as it experiences a revitalization, as artisans and enthusiasts alike seek to preserve and revive this ancient tradition weaving techniques.
PASSIVE DESIGNS AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE TEMPLES IN THE WARM-HUMID CLIMATIC ZONE OF SOUTH INDIA
Authors: Sarkar Amitava , Panicker M Jyothis
Published: October 2024

Religious beliefs, traditional wisdoms, rituals, and cultural practices all play an important part in environmental and biodiversity protection. Conservation of environment and natural resources has long been an element of cultural ethics that can be observed in the vernacular architecture of India, practiced in different parts of the country. The Indian Temple architecture is a manifestation of these socio-cultural-environmental values which are conceptualized and constructed in unique ways integrating passive features which keeps on educating and inspiring generations after generations. These timeless Temples through their passive architectural elements and harmonic aesthetic qualities enable the societies to perceive themselves as part of a spiritual network and to connects them to their biophysical surroundings. Hence, the present research explores the passive architectural features and thermal performance of the naturally ventilated south Indian Temples, located in warm and humid climate zone, and how these passive features can be implemented in the present day’s buildings to achieve thermal comfort. The research deploys a qualitative descriptive comparative analysis method. It delves into case studies of two Temples located in Kerala, having warm-humid climate, to investigate the passive architectural features and thermal performance. Data collection is done through field visits to these two Temples: Iringole Kaavu Bhagavathy Temple (old) and Thottuva Temple (new). Measurements of environmental parameters are also collected during field-surveys. The study concludes that the adaptation of passive architectural features, in response to the local climatic conditions, are paramount and beneficial to improve the thermal performance of the structures and thermal comfort of the users. Hence, it is argued that the passive climate-responsive architectural features of the south Indian Temples, suitable to the local geoclimatic and cultural conditions, need to be continued to follow in the present and future generation of buildings.
An Analysis Of Students Difficulties In Writing Recount Text On The Eleventh Grade At SMA Negeri 21 Medan
Authors: Sianturi Riasty Latanya , Tampubolon Sahlan , Napitupulu Fenty Debora
Published: October 2024

This thesis is about an analysis of students difficulties on writing recount text in the eleventh grade at SMA Negeri 21 Medan. The objectives of research are  to analyze the student's difficulties on writing recount text in the eleventh grade at SMA Negeri 21 Medan And to identify the factors causing students difficulties in writing recount text. This research was conducting by applying Descriptive Qualitative research. The Researcher took 15 students of eleventh in getting the data. The instrument of the collecting data was the writing test and interview. The technique of collecting data was the researcher explained what the recount text, generic structure, language features and giving the example of recount text. The researcher asked the eleventh grade students wrote a recount text that chooses by themselves in 60 minutes and the researcher collected the paper, after that the researcher do the interview directly to all student.  the result of the analysis of students difficulties showed that majority of the students at eleventh grade at SMA Negeri 21 Medan still low in writing recount text. it could be seen from the analysis the test from content of the results of the percentage is 15%, organization of the result on the percentage is 19%, language use of the percentage in the result is 26%, vocabulary of the percentage in the result is 24% and mechanic of the percentage in the result is 16%. Based on the result of analysis of student difficulties showed that majority of the students factors are difficulties of content such as the lack of experience to developing ideas. Difficulties of organization, students lack of structure to organize ideas and story elements in a clear and logical manner. Difficulties of vocabulary, the lack of word in English and limitation of vocabulary to translate the meanings of certain words. Difficulties of language use, lack of grammar such as use of sentence structure, the use of nouns, verbs, and aspects of grammar. And the last Difficulties of Mechanic, lack of knowledge about punctuation marks such as commas periods and each other formats. The analysis shows that students still make mistakes in all five aspects of the 15 students who were used as participants, none of them succeeded in writing recount correctly. so it can be concluded that students are still difficult in writing recount text.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DIFERENSIASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA FASE C SDN 03 KALIRANDU
Authors: Rahmadani Dhiva , Nugraheni Nursiwi
Published: October 2024

This research is classroom action research whose results are an increase in student learning outcomes in whole number material up to 100,000. This research was carried out in Phase C of SDN 03 Kalirandu, Petarukan District, Pemalang Regency in the odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The subjects of this research were Phase C students at SDN 03 Kalirandu. The data collection method uses descriptive quantitative analysis techniques. The results of this research are an increase in pre-cycle learning outcomes to cycle I learning outcomes by 37% and an increase in cycle I learning outcomes to cycle II learning outcomes by 6%. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that classroom action research using differentiation learning in the classroom can improve mathematics learning outcomes in phase C in whole number material up to 100,000 SDN 03 Kalirandu.
Uma metáfora da experiência puberal: Red: crescer é uma fera
Authors: Bressani Maria Cristina
Published: October 2024

Este exercício teórico-prático busca lançar um olhar sobre os desafios e ansiedades principais da experiência puberal, refletindo sobre algumas especificidades e complexidades dessa etapa inaugural da adolescência. Muitas vezes, as angústias
enfrentadas pelo indivíduo nessa fase em que os fenômenos corporais assumem um protagonismo são minimizadas, e essa etapa do desenvolvimento acaba sendo considerada predominantemente biológica, ficando esquecida, como se não houvesse uma ponte, um entre, nesse importante trajeto a ser percorrido na transição da latência para a adolescência propriamente dita. Buscando fazer uma descrição do desenvolvimento típico nessa fase do desenvolvimento, foi escolhido o filme Red: crescer é uma fera como uma interessante metáfora da experiência puberal. Para a elaboração deste artigo, foram revisados e consultados autores psicanalíticos que se dedicaram a estudar o fenômeno adolescente.
DESCONSTRUINDO PRECONCEITOS E EXPLORANDO AS DISCRIMINAÇÕES E VULNERABILIDADES ENFRENTADAS POR INDIVÍDUOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA, COM ENFOQUE NO TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA)
Authors: Martins Andressa Kézia , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro
Published: October 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar e desmistificar as questões de preconceito, discriminação e vulnerabilidades enfrentadas por pessoas com deficiência, especialmente aquelas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Para isso, utiliza-se uma abordagem documental e bibliográfica, por meio do método hipotético-dedutivo. A escolha do tema deve-se à sua relevância atual. A pesquisa começa abordando a legislação brasileira que protege os direitos das pessoas com TEA, como a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência e a Lei Berenice Piana. Além disso, também é mencionada a Lei Romeo Mion. Em seguida, a investigação destaca a importância da Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência, adotada pela Assembleia Geral das Nações Unidas, como resposta à discriminação enfrentada por pessoas com deficiência ao redor do mundo. Como resultados alcançados, verificou-se a importância da luta pela inclusão e igualdade de direitos das pessoas com deficiência, incluindo aquelas com TEA, assim como a fundamentalidade da desconstrução dos preconceitos e a conscientização sobre o TEA para garantir o respeito e a valorização da diversidade, além de proporcionar acesso a serviços e recursos adequados às necessidades dessas pessoas. Assim, a pesquisa busca analisar e desmistificar as questões de preconceito, discriminação e vulnerabilidades enfrentadas por pessoas com TEA, destacando a legislação brasileira e a Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência como instrumentos de proteção e garantia de direitos.
Palavras-chave: Preconceitos; discriminações; vulnerabilidades; pessoa com deficiência; Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA).
DIREITOS GERAIS DA MULHER LACTANTE
Authors: Coelho Eliene Miranda , Oliveira Walace Coelho de , Silva Ana Lívia Viana da , Afonso Nayane Pantoja , Gomes Carmen Baião , Tavares Cássia de Sousa , Lima Eni de Sales , Moraes Manelson Pinheiro , Rocha Micael Barroso , Silva Laís Araújo Tavares , Borges Renata Campos de Sousa
Published: October 2024

Prezada leitora,

Amamentar é um ato de amor e um direito garantido por lei. A experiência de amamentar é uma das mais gratificantes da maternidade, proporcionando benefícios inegáveis tanto para o bebê quanto para a mãe. Contudo, esse processo pode vir acompanhado de desafios, dúvidas e, em alguns casos, falta de informações adequadas. A maternidade traz responsabilidades e desafios, mas também a oportunidade de fortalecer o vínculo com o seu bebê desde os primeiros momentos de vida.

Esta cartilha foi elaborada por acadêmicos do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET) de Tucuruí, Pará. O programa, em sua 11ª edição, é uma iniciativa conjunta do Ministério da Saúde e do Ministério da Educação, com o objetivo de aprimorar a integração entre ensino, serviço e comunidade na área da saúde. O projeto tem duração de dois anos (2024-2026) e, em Tucuruí, é realizado em parceria entre a Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA) - Campus XIII e a Universidade Federal do Pará.

Nosso objetivo é empoderar cada mulher a se sentir apoiada e informada, garantindo que o ato de amamentar seja uma experiência positiva e protegida por seus direitos.

Aqui, você encontrará orientações sobre a importância da amamentação, dicas e, sobretudo, informações sobre os direitos da lactante, assegurando que você possa exercer seu papel com tranquilidade e dignidade. Esperamos que esta cartilha seja uma fonte útil de conhecimento e suporte, ajudando você a vivenciar a amamentação de forma plena e segura.
Leveraging machine learning and AI in healthcare: A paradigm shifts from the traditional approaches
Authors: Paulami Bandyopadhyay
Published: October 2024

Electronic health data is becoming more and more accessible, which presents tremendous opportunities for medical research and development as well as useful advancements. Healthcare epidemiologists need computational methods that can handle big, complicated datasets in order to fully utilize these data. These tools are provided by machine learning (ML), which recognizes patterns that can change patient risk stratification, particularly in infectious diseases, and result in focused treatments that stop the spread of pathogens. Health emergencies and disease states can now be predicted more accurately thanks to recent developments in AI and ML. Although there is doubt about ML's usefulness in healthcare, its use is expanding quickly. In fields like radiology, genetics, and neuroimaging, machine learning techniques—including supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning—have demonstrated efficacy. Nevertheless, issues like privacy and morality still need to be taken into account for applications in the future.
Factors restraining youth involvement in fish farming business: Case study of Kamuthanga Village, Kenya
Authors: BAISSA ATAKPA  , JONAS YAWOVI DZINEKOU  , EVANS GACHERU KIMANI
Published: October 2024

Fish farming serves as one of the important strategies for reducing unemployment and improving the standard of living for many households. However, in many African countries, including Kenya, a large number of young people tend to pursue administrative and white-collar jobs, resulting in a noticeable lack of youth participation in the fish farming sector. This trend underscores the challenge of attracting youth to agricultural enterprises like fish farming, despite its promising opportunities. This study explored the factors limiting youth participation in the fish farming business, targeting some individuals aged 18-35 in Kamuthanga village. The research follows a qualitative case study approach, with twenty-six (26) individuals interviewed. The study is grounded in the anthropological entrepreneurship theory, utilizing triangulation to ensure a holistic understanding. In-depth interviews and key informant interviews were employed to capture perceptions regarding barriers to youth involvement. The data was gathered through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews and analyzed using Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner Lite software. Data organization, coding, and theme development were conducted systematically to align with the study’s objectives. The findings revealed several challenges hindering youth involvement in fish farming, including the semi-arid conditions of Kamuthanga village, which lead to water scarcity; limited access to capital; insufficient technical knowledge; inadequate support structures; and some cultural barriers. These findings shed light on the critical factors that must be addressed to foster greater youth involvement in fish farming and ultimately unlock its potential for economic development and unemployment reduction in Kamuthanga village.
The educational potential of theatrical activity in shaping the child’s personality
Authors: Kislova Oksana Nikolayevna , Kazantseva Galina Alekseyevna , Kovkina Inna Vul'fovna
Published: October 2024

The research aims to summarize and systematize information about the educational potential of theatrical activity in shaping the child’s personality. The article highlights the most effective and readily applicable methods of theatrical pedagogy that have a personality-shaping property, as well as techniques that possess educational and developmental functions. Theatrical activity is considered as a tool for the spiritual-moral, social-cultural, and artistic-aesthetic upbringing of the individual. Its advantages compared to traditional forms of educational work are: its spectacle and aesthetic appeal; emotionality and the possibility of experiencing catharsis; the syncretism of educational and developmental components; its interactive nature; and the variety of techniques and technologies used. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that theatrical activity fully meets the age-related needs of children and adolescents, has a high capacity for adaptation, making it possible to use it within classroom and extracurricular activities. The educational potential of theatrical activity is high; it contributes to the full and harmonious formation and development of the child’s personality.
Using digital technologies in teaching Russian as a foreign language in pre-university courses at a Russian university
Authors: Pavlovskaia Elena Andreevna
Published: October 2024

The article examines the specificities of teaching Russian as a foreign language to pre-graduate and pre-doctoral students in the field of nuclear physics and technologies using digital tools and methods. The work considers the benefits of teaching language for specific purposes with the application of digital tools. The research aims to determine how using digital tools can enhance the effectiveness of teaching Russian as a foreign language for specific purposes in groups of pre-graduate and pre-doctoral students. The research is novel in that it is the first one to formulate the differences between the educational process for students in graduate programs and programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate studies, compared to undergraduate and specialist programs. In addition, an experiment is conducted to confirm the effectiveness of using digital tools when teaching these student cohorts. The article provides a detailed description of the system of tools used in classes at the National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI” in groups of pre-graduate and pre-doctoral students. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that in the case of a systemic and methodologically justified use of digital tools in Russian as a foreign language classes, the effectiveness of the learning process increases, interest in learning Russian and nuclear physics is stimulated through practical assignments and research activities, and student motivation is also enhanced.
Discursive interpretation of knowledge about the world in the artist’s ego-discourse (based on English-language interviews)
Authors: Chupakhina Aleksandra Olegovna , Petukhova Tatiana Ivanovna
Published: October 2024

The research aims to identify the patterns of discursive interpretation of the world and knowledge about the world that are objectified in the artist’s ego-discourse. Using English-language interviews, the article examines how the artist represents themselves as a subject of knowledge at the linguistic level and identifies the most significant parameters of the orientation of their ego-discourse. The research is novel in that it is the first one to identify the main characteristics of the discursive interpretation of the artist’s knowledge about the world, demonstrates the significance of the systems of evaluation and emotions in organizing the artist’s ego-discourse, and identifies the dominant objects of interpretation that are linguistically actualized in English-language interviews with artists. As a result of the study, it was found that during the process of verbal self-representation in interviews, the artist as a subject of knowledge manifests themselves primarily as a subject of opinion, desire, evaluation, and emotions. Moreover, the orientation of the discourse towards the systems of evaluation and emotions is predominant. The dominant objects of interpretation in the ego-discourse of the contemporary English-speaking artist are ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN BEING, NATURE, ARTIST, ARTWORK.
Benefits of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves as a healthy drink
Authors: Bialangi Mursito S. , Lilies Lilies , Mawaddah Hayyatun , Potutu Harmani
Published: October 2024

Apart from being used as a food ingredient, water purifier or cosmetic ingredient, the moringa plant can also be used as a health drink in the form of moringa tea. Other benefits of moringa leaves are as a chemopreventive, increasing the body's endurance, nutrition for the eyes and brain, eliminating signs of wrinkles on the face, and as an antioxidant. However, unfortunately not all people know about the benefits of the moringa plant as a nutritious plant. This article is a literature review to analyze the benefits of moringa leaves as a health drink. The results of the literature analysis that has been carried out show that the moringa plant contains a number of important nutrients that are needed for body health.  The nutrients in moringa include vitamin C which is equivalent to seven times that of oranges, calcium equivalent to four times and protein equivalent to twice that of milk, vitamin A equivalent to four times that of carrots, and potassium equivalent to three times that of bananas. Apart from that, it also contains high levels of antioxidants, so the Moringa plant is very important for warding off free radicals. Several research results have found that moringa leaf extract can reduce blood glucose levels in white mice. People can be encouraged to use the moringa plant in their daily lives. Based on the explanation in this article, people can cultivate the use of moringa leaves as a drink to overcome health problems. Through the development of moringa plants as a typical plant and raw material for herbal tea in the Central Sulawesi area, communities can be empowered to utilize empty land to plant Moringa.
Using structural equation modelling to investigate the mediating effects of TPACK on intention to use technology
Authors: Madzamba Havatidi , Matorevhu Alois
Published: October 2024

This article aims to understand, through structural equation modelling (SEM), how the knowledge of technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) mediates the intention to accept and use technology by teachers’ college lecturers. The ultimate aim is to come up with a sem-generated model which teacher training colleges can use to train lecturers in technology use. Structural equation modeling is a sophisticated multivariate statistical process that enables researchers to analyze the direct and indirect effects of variables on one another, construct theoretical concepts, test the reliability of their measurements, hypothesize and test a theory about their relationships, and account for measurement errors. A questionnaire founded on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) was employed to gather data from instructors at ten teacher-training colleges. Simple random sampling was used to select 300 valid questionnaires used in the analysis. Statistic package R was used to run SEM and the results confirmed the mediating role of TPACK in the behavior intention to accept and use technology by lecturers.
El ideotipo del girasol (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Hernández L. F. , Orioli G. A.
Published: October 2024

Se analizan las características morfológicas y fisiológicas que son importantes para definir el potencial del rendimiento de la planta de girasol. En base a ello se propone un tipo de planta ideal (ideotipo), la cual sea capaz de aprovechar con máxima eficiencia la disponibilidad de recursos provistos con las actuales prácticas agronómicas. Se realiza una descripción del desarrollo del cultivo, poniendo énfasis en los diferentes factores que pueden afectar cada uno de los estados del desarrollo. Dentro de las características morfológicas, se propone que las plantas posean un sistema radical extenso y profundo, tallos de porte mediano con alta capacidad de reserva de fotoasimilados, los cuales puedan ser redistribuidos al grano durante el período de su llenado. Hojas con un ritmo de senescencia lento y capaces de alcanzar un IAF no menor de 4 en corto tiempo. Dentro de las características asociadas con la formación del rendimiento, se propone que la superficie meristemática del receptáculo sea máxima previo al inicio de la diferenciación de los primordios florales, y que el capítulo maduro posea un bajo ritmo respiratorio. Se deben lograr capítulos con frutos más grandes y más pesados y con mayor contenido porcentual de aceite.
Evrim Düşüncesinin Türkçe Kur’ân Meâline Yansıması ‘‘Kur’ân’ı Hakim Meâli’’ Özelinde Bir İnceleme
Authors: Sümer İdris Sami
Published: October 2024

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in Türkçe meâllerinde eleştiri konusu yapılan sorunlardan birisi de mütercimlerin indi düşüncelerini yorum ekseninde âyet meâllerine yansıtmalarıdır. Bu probleme en ilginç örneklerden birisi de henüz bilimsel bir teori olmaktan öte bir değeri olmayan evrim görüşünün, kesin bir olguymuş gibi Kur’an meâline yansıtılması ve bazı âyetlerin bu çerçevede çevrilip yorumlanmasıdır. İsmail Yakıt tarafından ortaya konulan Kur’ân’ı Hakim Meâli isimli meâlde de bazı âyetler evrim teorisine delil mahiyetinde çevrilmiş ve ilgili âyet meâllerine düşülen dipnotlarda evrimin inkâr edilemez bir gerçeklik olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Evrim teorisi üzerine doktora yapan İsmail Yakıt, birçok akademik çalışmasında da evrimi gündeme getirmiş ve evrimin gerçekliğinin kesin olduğunu ileri sürmüştür. Elbette bir ilim adamının evrimle ilgili olumlu düşünmesi kendi tercihidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da evrim düşüncesinin hakikatini tartışmak değildir. Sorun, evrim teorisinin kesinliği kanıtlanmış bir hakikatmiş gibi bazı âyet meâllerine yansıtılması ve ilgili âyet meâllerine düşülen dipnotlarda kati bir dille savunulmasıdır. Bu durum eleştiriye ihtiyaç duyan bir husustur. Çalışmada, mezkûr meâl sadece bu yönüyle inceleme konusu yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, müellifin evrimle ilişkilendirdiği âyetler tespit edilmeye çalışılmış ve ilgili âyetlere verdiği meâl ve açıklamalar değerlendirme konusu yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda tespit edilebildiği kadarıyla, ilgili meâlde evrimle ilişkili yorumlanan âyetlerin; bağlamından koparılıp koparılmadığı, Arap dili alimlerinin ve müfessirlerin bakış açısıyla uyuşup uyuşmadığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.