bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity and safety on campus @ Western: Heterosexism and cissexism in higher education
Authors: Asquith Nicole L. , Ferfolia Tania , Brady Brooke , Hanckel Benjamin
Published: October 2018

Discrimination, harassment and violence can vitiate staff and students’ experiences of education and work. Although there is increasing knowledge about these experiences in primary and secondary education, very little is known about them in higher education. This paper draws from landmark research that examines the interpersonal, educational and socio-cultural perspectives that prevail about sexuality and gender diversity on an Australian university campus. In this paper we focus on three aspects of the broader research findings: the heterosexism and cissexism experienced by sexuality and gender diverse students and staff at the university; their actions and responses to these experiences; and the impact of these experiences on victims. The research demonstrates that although the university is generally safe, sexuality and gender diverse students and staff experience heterosexist and cissexist discrimination, which can have negative ramifications on their workplace and learning experiences.
Picking, grasping, or scooping small objects lying on flat surfaces: A design approach
Authors: Babin Vincent , Gosselin Clément
Published: October 2018

Grasping in constrained environments is, to this day, an ongoing research topic. Objects can rarely be grasped from arbitrary directions, hence the need to study the options available to grasp them. This paper proposes a gripper capable of grasping small or thin objects that cannot be directly pinch-grasped. The focus is placed on objects that lie on hard surfaces. The proposed approach uses a quasistatic method referred to as scooping while implementing a passive thumb to compensate for manipulator positioning errors. Hence, the robot arm does not need to be moved while the gripper is grasping an object, similarly to a human hand performing a precision grasp. The design approach is presented and the main design choice, namely the use of epicyclic gear trains instead of conventional revolute joints, is explained. The implementation of the proposed approach to the gripper design is shown. We explain how parallel pinch grasps and large grasping forces are achieved even though the mechanism does not follow the usual parallelogram four-bar implementation of parallel pinch mechanisms. The experimental validation of the proposed concept is then presented by picking up a set of test objects in sequence and demonstrating some variants of the method that expand on the concept.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in pediatric patients
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Luo Fenglan , Wang Nini , Song Yue , Tao Yuhong
Published: October 2018

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH).

Methods

Pediatric IPH cases that were diagnosed at West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University between 1996 and 2017 were reviewed. Follow-up data from 34 patients were collected.

Results

A total of 107 patients were included (42 boys and 65 girls). The median age was 6 years at diagnosis. The main manifestations of the patients were as follows: anemia (n = 100, 93.45%), cough (n = 68, 63.55%), hemoptysis (n = 61, 57%), fever (n = 23, 21.5%), and dyspnea (n = 23, 21.5%). There were relatively few pulmonary signs. The positive rates of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in sputum, gastric lavage fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were 91.66%, 98.21%, and 100%, respectively. Seventy-nine patients were misdiagnosed. A total of 105 patients were initially treated with glucocorticoids, among whom 102 survived and three died. Among the followed up patients, two died and 32 survived, among whom 10 presented with recurrent episodes.

Conclusions

The classic triad of pediatric IPH is not always present. The rates of misdiagnosis and recurrence of IPH are high. Early recognition and adequate immunosuppressive therapy are imperative for improving prognosis of IPH.
Skeletal Anomalies in Senegalese Sole (Solea senegalensis), an Anosteocytic Boned Flatfish Species
Authors: de Azevedo Ana Manuela , Losada Ana Paula , Barreiro Andrés , Vázquez Sonia , Quiroga María Isabel
Published: October 2018

Skeletal anomalies affect animal welfare and cause important economic problems in aquaculture. Despite the high frequency of skeletal problems in reared Solea senegalensis, there is lack of information regarding the histological features of normal and deformed vertebrae in this flatfish. The aim of this study was to describe the histopathological and radiographical appearance of vertebral body anomalies. Sixty-seven juvenile fish were radiographically examined 104 or 105 days after hatching. Through radiographic images, vertebral segments were selected and processed for histopathological examination from 7 normal and 7 affected fish. Alterations in bone shape and vertebral fusion were the most significant anomalies in the vertebral bodies. These alterations occurred most frequently between the last 3 abdominal vertebrae and the first 10 caudal centra. Radiographically, deformed vertebrae showed flattening of the endplates and narrowing of the intervertebral spaces. The radiographic findings concurred with the histological lesions where affected vertebrae exhibited irregular endplates and changes in trabecular bone. Radiolucent cartilaginous tissue was evident in the endplates of the deformed vertebra and, in some cases, the cartilaginous material extended from the growth zone into the intervertebral space. These changes were likely the primary alterations that led to vertebral fusion. Fused vertebrae were often reshaped and showed a reorganization of the trabeculae. The formation of metaplastic cartilage is frequent in a variety of anomalies affecting teleost species.
Social fields, battle fields and Northfield: The legacy of the ‘Northfield Experiments’
Authors: Harrison Tom
Published: October 2018

The ‘Northfield Experiments’ have an almost legendary status in the evolution of therapeutic communities. However their actual influence is nebulous and difficult to trace precisely, not least because which practices there were innovatory is unclear. This article begins to tease out those elements that were both novel and had subsequent impact on group therapy and in particular on therapeutic community practice. They included changes in staff functions from the traditional nursing role, the shift in the patient purpose from passive receiver of therapy to active participant in his own treatment and of others and the development of group work from individual treatment in the group setting to reviewing the here and now processes occurring in relationships. The history of one particular institution, the Ingrebourne Centre, offers some insights into this process. Whilst the names of Bion, Foulkes and Main have become well known one particular individual has been largely ignored in the UK: Harold Bridger. The latter, arguably the most inventive of all the Northfield participants, was subsequently better known in Europe and Australia for his analysis of the work of therapeutic communities and some of his most significant ideas are rehearsed here.
Portrait Clinique des Adolescents en Traitement Pour une Utilisation Problématique d’Internet
Authors: Dufour Magali , Gagnon Sylvie R. , Nadeau Louise , Légaré Andrée-Anne , Laverdière Émélie
Published: October 2018

Objectifs:

La présente étude dresse le profil clinique des adolescents ayant consulté un centre de traitement de la dépendance (CTD) au Québec en raison d’une utilisation problématique d’Internet (UPI) afin de développer les connaissances sur cette clientèle spécifique et de cibler avec justesse leurs besoins par rapport au traitement.

Méthode:

L’étude est réalisée auprès de 80 adolescents âgés entre 14 et 17 ans (M = 15,59) ayant consulté un CTD pour une UPI. Les adolescents ont pris part à une entrevue qui documente les habitudes d’utilisation d’Internet et leurs conséquences, la concomitance de troubles de santé mentale, ainsi que les relations familiales et sociales.

Résultats:

L’échantillon est composé de 75 garçons (93,8%) et de 5 filles (6,3%), qui passaient en moyenne 55,8 heures (ET = 27,22) par semaine sur Internet pour des activités non-scolaires ou professionnelle. Près de la totalité de ces jeunes (97,5%) présente un trouble de santé mentale en concomitance et plus de 70% ont consulté dans la dernière année pour un problème psychologique. Les résultats indiquent que 92,6% estiment que leur utilisation d’internet nuit significativement à leur relation familiale et 50% à leurs relations sociales.

Conclusions:

Cette étude révèle les nombreuses difficultés vécues par les adolescents requérants un traitement pour leur UPI. La présence de troubles de santé mentale concomitants et de difficultés relationnelles chez ceux-ci renvoie à la nécessité de développer et implanter dans les CTD des évaluations et traitements intégrés qui ciblent non seulement les activités en ligne, mais également l’ensemble des sphères de vie pouvant être affectée par l’UPI.

Implications Cliniques:

– Les adolescents consultants pour l’UPI sont principalement des garçons qui rapportent une utilisation problématique des jeux vidéo. – La quasi-totalité des jeunes qui consultent pour l’UPI a en concomitance de problèmes de santé mentale et des difficultés sur le plan relationnel – L’étude met en évidence la nécessité d’offrir à cette clientèle des services d’évaluation et de traitement intégrés qui ciblent toutes les sphères de leur vie sont susceptibles d’être affectée, de contribuer ou de maintenir l’UPI.

Limites:

– Cette étude est réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de convenance et les résultats sont représentatifs des jeunes ayant consulté un centre de traitement pour la dépendance; la généralisation des résultats à l’ensemble des adolescents présentant une UPI est limitée. – Considérant que les manifestations de l’UPI sont sujettes à une influence culturelle, la portée de la présente étude se limite aux populations qui vivent dans une culture similaire à celle du Québec et du Canada.
Surface treatments of plant fibers and their effects on mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites: A review
Authors: Latif Rashid , Wakeel Saif , Zaman Khan Noor , Noor Siddiquee Arshad , Lal Verma Shyam , Akhtar Khan Zahid
Published: October 2018

The need of natural fiber-reinforced composites is increasing at very fast rate because of their ecofriendly production, decomposition, high specific strength, abundance, good physical and mechanical properties. Available literature reveals that past researchers have done a lot of work for the preparation and characterization of fiber-reinforced composites. While developing natural fiber composites, researchers encountered various problems like hydrophilic nature of natural fibers, incompatibility of natural fibers with matrix materials, thermal instability of natural fibers, and poor interfacial bonding between reinforcing phase and matrix phase. However, some of these problems can be solved to a greater extent by considering surface treatment of natural fibers before they are used in the preparation of fiber-reinforced composites. Thus, there is a need for understanding the effect of several surface treatments on the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites. The aim of this paper is to put forth a comprehensive review on the effects of different surface treatments on the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength and also interfacial shear strength of the fiber-reinforced composites.
Neurocognitive Disorder Diagnoses Matter: A Brief Report on Caregiver Appraisal of Driving Ability
Authors: Schmidt Nicholas E. , Steffen Ann M.
Published: October 2018

Background: Age-associated neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) are associated with progressive loss of abilities for instrumental activities of daily living, including driving. This study assesses the impact of NCD diagnosis, while controlling for reported level of cognitive impairment, on family caregiver judgment of driving safety. Method: An intervention sample of 152 intergenerational caregivers who assist an older adult with medical tasks was used. Caregiver’s pre-intervention response to a single item of confidence in the older adult driving was used to determine judgment of driving ability. Cognitive impairment was assessed using caregivers’ report for Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Sum of Boxes score. Results: Older adults with a diagnosis were rated as less capable of driving safely than those without a diagnosis, while controlling for reported level of cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Results of this study highlight the importance of NCD diagnosis on caregiver judgments. Results of this study have implications for health care and driving safety.
Development of the Global Self-Esteem Measure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rajlic Gordana , Kwon Jae Yung , Roded Keren , Hubley Anita M.
Published: October 2018

In the current study, we present the development of the Global Self-Esteem (GSE) measure. The six-item GSE fulfills a need for a short unidimensional measure of global self-esteem conceptualized as “overall positive view of self.” The construct is traditionally measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE); however, several important shortcomings of the scale have been highlighted in the recent research. To improve the operationalization of global self-esteem, the shortcomings of the RSE and of the other measures intended to measure the construct are addressed in the construction of the GSE. Initial psychometric characteristics of the GSE, obtained in a pilot study, are reported. The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated unidimensionality of the measure—a single factor accounted for 78% of the variance in the GSE items, and the magnitude of factor loadings ranged from .81 to .91. Internal consistency reliability was high (ordinal α = .95), and expected relations between the GSE scores and other self-esteem measures were found. The utility of the measure and goals for future research are discussed in the context of limitations of the current study.
Childhood Car Access: Long-term Consequences for Education, Employment, and Earnings
Authors: Ralph Kelcie M.
Published: October 2018

Do children suffer long-term consequences when they grow up without a car? To answer that question, this article uses propensity score matching and longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Young adults who were carless as children completed less education, worked for pay less often, experienced more unemployment, and earned less than their matched peers with consistent car access. The matching process allows me to compare like to like; it accounts for differences in income, wealth, residential location, family composition, and race. These results suggest that transportation disadvantage contributes to the intergenerational transmission of economic standing.
Reproductive Justice and the Social Work Profession: Common Grounds and Current Trends
Authors: Liddell Jessica L.
Published: October 2018

Reproductive rights and justice frameworks, which take an intersectional and social justice approach to reproductive health, are compatible with social work’s philosophical and theoretical foundations and its practical goals of advocating and promoting social justice. However, reproductive rights and justice are not frequently addressed in social work publications, an important gap that should be addressed. The search term “reproductive justice” was used to identify 10 articles published between 1994 and 2018 among the top 50 social work journals (using SCImago Journal and Country rankings). Only 3 of these 10 articles focused substantively on reproductive justice. By comparison, 55 article were identified with the search term “reproductive rights.” An analysis of the reproductive justice articles was conducted for purpose and topic, location, study population, year, journal, key findings, and implications for the social work profession. All articles called for an increase in research on reproductive justice topics. Encouragingly, these articles also included an analysis of the role of the social work profession with these frameworks. However, there is a lack of articles on reproductive justice, and the range of topics, and the methodological approaches, covered are limited. Although the increase in reproductive rights literature is heartening, there is a need for reproductive justice framings in social work practice and research.
The Impact of Adverse Childhood Events on the Sexual and Mental Health of Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Willie Tiara C. , Kershaw Trace , Sullivan Tami P.
Published: October 2018

Women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) are at an increased risk of engaging in sexual risk behaviors and experiencing depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Adverse childhood events (ACEs) can put women at increased risk of poor sexual and mental health. Women experiencing IPV report ACEs, but few studies have examined the heterogeneity in women’s experiences of ACEs and its effects on sexual and mental health. Therefore, the current study used latent profile analysis to identify profiles of ACEs (i.e., witnessing maternal and paternal IPV victimization; childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse; and physical and emotional neglect) and their association with sexual risk behaviors and depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Women experiencing IPV aged 18 to 58 years ( N = 212) were recruited from community establishments and completed face-to-face, computer-assisted interviews. Three profiles were identified: Low ACEs class ( n = 115), Moderate ACEs class ( n = 62), and High ACEs class ( n = 35). Path analyses revealed that profiles of ACEs directly predicted women’s IPV victimization severity and depressive and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Secondary and tertiary mental health interventions may be more effective if the heterogeneity in women’s ACEs is addressed by integrating intervention strategies specific to these ACE subgroups.
Financial Planning for Retirement: Age-Related Differences Among Spanish Workers
Authors: Jiménez Irene , Chiesa Rita , Topa Gabriela
Published: October 2018

This article tests an integrated model of financial planning for retirement (FPR), with 948 Spanish workers aged between 30 and 63. Overall, the three model dimensions—capacity, willingness, and opportunities to plan and save—show a significant association with financial planning for retirement. The moderator role of age in the relationships between antecedents and financial planning was tested. Consistent with our hypothesis, younger participants showed a greater level of FPR if they were characterized by a high level of education. The interaction between both age and psychological preparation for retirement and retirement goals clarity failed to reach statistical significance. We discuss how financial planning effectiveness could be increased based on the results of importance-performance map analyses.
Carfilzomib Induced Tumor Lysis Syndrome and Other Adverse Events
Authors: Sandy El Bitar , Weerasinghe Chanudi , Terjanian Terenig
Published: October 2018

In the area of multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, proteasome inhibitors (PI) have emerged with promising responses both in the first- and second-line setting. Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation, selective PI approved in 2012 for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in patients who received 2 prior therapies or have evidence of disease progression within 60 days of completion of last therapy. Its safety profile reported adverse events (AEs) ranging from drug-related AEs (nausea and vomiting), hematologic AEs (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia), and nonhematologic AEs (electrolyte imbalances). As CFZ use is gaining popularity, various hematological, renal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neurological toxicities have been reported. We are presenting this case to describe a rare occurrence of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) with the use of this novel targeted therapy.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of thin varying thickness strips with different transition zones produced by micro flexible rolling
Authors: Huo Mingshuai , Zhao Jingwei , Xie Haibo , Li Shengli , Zhang Hongmei , Hu Zhiping , Jiang Zhengyi
Published: October 2018

In order to better understand transition zones with a variety of structural features that affect thin varying thickness strips, 6061 aluminium alloy thin strips were flexibly rolled into different thickness ratios and transition zone lengths, using an innovative micro rolling mill. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the thin varying thickness strips produced by micro flexible rolling were systematically investigated and the mechanisms were analysed. The results indicate that a thin varying thickness strip with either a larger thickness ratio or a shorter transition zone length will present a relatively high slope of the transition zone during micro flexible rolling. After tensile tests, a thin varying thickness strip with the highest thickness ratio achieved the largest yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. In comparison, transition zone length can have a greater influence on the strain of the transition zone than on the thickness ratio because of the variation in β. The measured hardness is greater in the thinner zone than in the thicker zone. Values in the thinner zone are about 7%–21% greater than those in the thicker zone for strips with different thickness ratios due to the increased strain level which causes different degrees of work hardening.
A subject-specific integrative biomechanical framework of the pelvis for gait analysis
Authors: Ravera Emiliano P , Crespo Marcos J , Catalfamo Formento Paola A
Published: October 2018

Analysis of the human locomotor system using rigid-body musculoskeletal models has increased in the biomechanical community with the objective of studying muscle activations of different movements. Simultaneously, the finite element method has emerged as a complementary approach for analyzing the mechanical behavior of tissues. This study presents an integrative biomechanical framework for gait analysis by linking a musculoskeletal model and a subject-specific finite element model of the pelvis. To investigate its performance, a convergence study was performed and its sensitivity to the use of non-subject-specific material properties was studied. The total hip joint force estimated by the rigid musculoskeletal model and by the finite element model showed good agreement, suggesting that the integrative approach estimates adequately (in shape and magnitude) the hip total contact force. Previous studies found movements of up to 1.4 mm in the anterior–posterior direction, for single leg stance. These results are comparable with the displacement values found in this study: 0–0.5 mm in the sagittal axis. Maximum von Mises stress values of approximately 17 MPa were found in the pelvic bone. Comparing this results with a previous study of our group, the new findings show that the introduction of muscular boundary conditions and the flexion–extension movement of the hip reduce the regions of high stress and distributes more uniformly the stress across the pelvic bone. Thus, it is thought that muscle force has a relevant impact in reducing stresses in pelvic bone during walking of the finite element model proposed in this study. Future work will focus on including other deformable structures, such as the femur and the tibia, and subject-specific material properties.
Dear Abby: Should I Give Advice or Receive It?
Authors: Eskreis-Winkler Lauren , Fishbach Ayelet , Duckworth Angela L.
Published: October 2018

Typically, individuals struggling with goal achievement seek advice. However, in the present investigation ( N = 2,274), struggling individuals were more motivated by giving advice than receiving it. In a randomized, controlled, double-blind field experiment, middle-school students who gave motivational advice to younger students spent more time on homework over the following month than students who received motivational advice from expert teachers (Experiment 1). This phenomenon was replicated across self-regulatory domains: Strugglers who gave advice, compared with those who received expert advice, were more motivated to save money, control their tempers, lose weight, and seek employment (Experiments 2 and 3). Nevertheless, across domains, people erroneously predicted the opposite, expecting themselves and others to be less motivated by giving advice than receiving it (Experiments 2 and 3). Why are people blind to the motivational power of giving? Giving advice motivated givers by raising their confidence—a reality that predictors fail to anticipate (Experiment 4).
Exergetic analysis and pollutants emission from a rotary kiln system in a major cement manufacturing plant
Authors: Adeniran Jamiu Adetayo , Yusuf Rafiu Olasunkanmi , Aremu Adeniyi Saheed , Aareola Temitope Mariam
Published: October 2018

The exergy analysis and air pollutants emission estimation from the kiln system of a major cement manufacturing plant located in Nigeria were conducted with a view to improve the level of performance of the production unit and minimize environmental effects. Material balance and exergy analysis were carried out on the system to determine the exergetic efficiency and exergy destruction rate. Pollutants emission was estimated using bottom-up emission factor approach. The physical and chemical exergy output obtained were 9.07×107 and 1.46×08 kJ/h, respectively. The exergy efficiency of the kiln system was 27.35%. The measure of entropy generation (6.53×108 kJ/h) represented a huge potential for energy savings for the unit. CO2 emission represented about 99.04% of the total criteria air pollutants emission from the kiln and an estimate of 0.90 tonnes of CO2/tonne of clinker produced was obtained. To improve the exergy efficiency and reduce pollutants emission from the kiln system, possible heat recovery options and CO2 mitigation approaches were suggested.
The Distribution of Household Assets in India: 1991–1992 to 2012–2013
Authors: Jayaraj D. , Subramanian S.
Published: October 2018

This article is a fairly straightforward quantitative assessment of the distribution of household assets in rural and urban India, based on data available in the All-India Debt and Investment Surveys (AIDIS) over the last three decadal survey years: 1991–1992, 2002–2003 and 2012–2013. The article reviews some limitations of the data base and examines the magnitudes and trends in the levels of average per household assets, it describes the composition of household assets, it traces the over-time evolution of both vertical (inter-household) and horizontal (inter-group) inequality in the distribution of household assets, and briefly appraises levels and disparities in wealth holdings among the very small number of ultra-rich households. The article concludes that both vertical and horizontal inequalities have evolved into levels that could be socially disruptive and pose a threat to the democratic viability of the country.
Organising and mobilising Central and Eastern European migrant women working in care. A case study of a successful care workers’ strike in Switzerland in 2014
Authors: Rogalewski Adam
Published: October 2018

This article analyses the experience of Unia, the largest Swiss trade union, in organising Central and Eastern European (CEE) migrant workers in the context of the female workers’ strike that took place in 2014 at Primula, a small care company in Switzerland. The article argues that it is crucial to take into consideration the mobilisation potential of female workers from Central and Eastern Europe and that, combined with adequate support from the union, this could become a powerful tool for advancing their rights. Moreover, their mobilisation potential and collective agency, if properly channelled by trade unions, could also be deployed for the benefit of local workers. Finally, the article suggests that western European trade unions may want to reconsider their approach to organising Central and Eastern European women migrants and recognise their potential for active involvement in the union.
Variability and Influencing Factors of QOL in Breast Cancer Patients Having Chemotherapy
Authors: Ai Zhongping , Gao Xiaolan , Zheng Silin , Lu Changbi
Published: October 2018

Variability and factors influencing quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients having chemotherapy were examined in a longitudinal prospective cohort study in two teaching hospitals in China. Physical, mental, social/family, and functional QOL changed significantly over time with varying patterns. In addition, various factors influenced the QOL of breast cancer patients at each chemotherapy cycle. Health professionals should focus on critical time periods during chemotherapy, particularly at baseline and during the fourth and fifth cycles when the QOL in our sample was at the lowest point, and they should provide additional support to patients to ensure that chemotherapy is delivered in an optimal fashion.
Faculty–Student Affairs Collaboration on Assessment
Authors: Kuh George D. , Banta Trudy W.
Published: October 2018

There may be many obstacles to faculty and student affairs collaborating on assessment, but they can be surmounted. Indeed, on campuses across the country, educators are finding strategies for breaking down some of the cultural, bureaucratic, and leadership barriers that have long stood in the way of faculty and student affairs working together to find out what students are learning.
Infusing Diversity into the Curriculum: The Olivet Plan
Authors: Walters Evon Washington
Published: October 2018

To address the influx of a diverse population of students, Michigan's Olivet College undertook nothing less than a complete overhaul of its curriculum. In an effort to increase student awareness of diversity and address the diverse needs of students, it created the Olivet Plan—a combination of academic and cocurricular initiatives. Here's how it works.
Advancing the Common Good
Authors: Ratcliff Gary R.
Published: October 2018

What causes individuals to become committed to helping others, to look beyond their own welfare and engage in activities that advance the common good? How can higher education cultivate this commitment among students? The author reviews a book that may suggest some answers.
Intermarriage, Identity, and Campus Community
Authors: Ortés Carlos E.
Published: October 2018

In our efforts to become more sensitive to racial and ethnic heritage, we may have fallen into the trap of assuming we can easily and neatly define what that heritage is. The fact is, there are increasing numbers of students whose individual backgrounds are a complex blend of many races and ethnicities. The author calls this “the diversity within,” and here he explains why we need to pay special attention to it.
The Problem with College Rankings
Authors: Hossler Don
Published: October 2018

We may say we don't pay attention to rankings, but are they actually influencing many of our decisions and policies? The author looks at how rankings may be having a pernicious effect on higher education and suggests how we can pay more attention to what really matters.
Making the Commitment to Community Service: What it Takes
Authors: Gray Maryann J.
Published: October 2018

Community service. It sounds good and nobody is against it, but making it happen in any meaningful way on campus requires a lot of work and resources. As part of a national study on service, the author visited many campuses that are trying to strengthen their service mission. Here is what she learned about what works.
Assessment Politics
Authors: Schuh John H. , Upcraft M. Lee
Published: October 2018

A critical first step before engaging in any assessment is to consider the politics. What are the needs and interests of the groups involved? What kind of information are people ready to learn about and interested in? Who should be involved and when? The authors explore these and other questions.
Soul of the Student Citizen
Authors: Lee Lucy , Loeb Paul
Published: October 2018

A conversation with Paul Loeb on inspiring an ethic of civil and social engagement
Beyond the Paper Chase: Using Movies to Help Students Get More Out of College
Authors: Seyforth Scott C. , Golde Chris M.
Published: October 2018

For many students, college amounts to a seemingly endless series of papers, classes, and finals, whose meaning may not always be very clear. How can we help students see the possibilities beyond this paper chase, to reflect on what they are doing in college and get more out of their undergraduate experiences? The authors turn to the movies for help.
Students from Poverty: Helping Them Make It Through College
Authors: Howard Adam
Published: October 2018

More economically disadvantaged students are attending college than ever before. Yet only a small percentage of them actually graduate. As the author points out, helping poor students get into college is only half the battle.
The First Deans of Women: What we can Learn from Them
Authors: Nidiffer Jana
Published: October 2018

When women were first admitted to colleges and universities, it was only the first step in their gaining genuine access to an education. The deans of women, hired to help with this strange new group of students, led the way in making campuses truly accessible to women. We can learn a lot from their efforts.
Providing a Global Perspective an Educator's Duty
Authors: Achterberg Cheryl
Published: October 2018

Creating opportunities for international education is an important challenge in higher education today. Here are some strategies for expanding students’ options for learning abroad.
Racial Dynamics on Campus What Student Organizations Can Tell Us
Authors: Chang Mitchell J.
Published: October 2018

As our campuses become more diverse, the racial dynamics become more complex. How are these dynamics affecting students?
Dialogue the Key to Moving beyond Structural Conflict
Authors: Doc Klein Kevin
Published: October 2018

Many of us want to work better with our colleagues in order to create a dynamic and exciting environment in which students can learn. We also want to help students learn how to work together better. Where can we begin? According to the author we need to learn how to engage in productive dialogue, which isn't as easy as it may sound.
Stories from the Academy
Authors: Schwartz Robert A.
Published: October 2018

A quagmire of petty politics, socially inept faculty rancorous students, and preening administrators?
How Did September 11TH Affect Students?
Authors: Lange Nancy
Published: October 2018

There has been much speculation about how the terrorists attacks on September 11th affected everyone, including students on our campuses. At Michigan State University, the assistant director of residence life assessment, research, and technology decided to investigate. Here are the results of her department's survey.
The Search for A : College Commons
Authors: Klein Thomas
Published: October 2018

Can the new forms of learning championed by scholars and activists flourish on our campuses? Probably not, says the author, until we make a place in our college structure where it can grow. This means creating—or recreating—a college commons.
What Are Research Universities Doing for First-Year Students
Authors: Cutright Marc
Published: October 2018

Do research universities really care about their undergraduate population? What steps are being taken to create supportive environments? A new study looks at what these universities are doing for first-year students.
Truth or Consequences
Authors: Moore Barbara J.
Published: October 2018

Academic dishonesty is on the rise. How can we teach our students to honor the truth? Queens College takes a step beyond simple punishment by asking students to reflect on what they have done.
“Get on the Bus”: A Learning Community on Wheels
Authors: Gonzalez Joseph J.
Published: October 2018

Taking learning out of the classroom and on the road.
Changing: Institutional Culture for First-Year Students and those who Teach Them
Authors: Smith Raymond
Published: October 2018

In the 1990s Indiana University Bloomington began an initiative to improve retention by enhancing the experience for first-year students. The changes that took place were surprisingly far reaching and profound.
Small Wins
Authors: Schuh John H. , Rhatigan James J.
Published: October 2018

We observe small wins every day.

How can we harness their power?
Firstchoice: Creating Innovative Academic Options for First-Year Students
Authors: Mandel Rhonda G. , Evans Kathleen
Published: October 2018

When the State University of New York at Oswego set about to improve the first-year experience, the faculty and staff knew two things: they had to create programs with academic rigor and they had to provide students with a good array of choices.
Our Incoming Students: What are they Like?
Authors: Sax Linda J.
Published: October 2018

How do entering students compare with their counterparts from ten, twenty, even thirty years ago? The director of the Cooperative Institutional Research Program looks at some current trends.
In Search of Ernest Boyer'S Legacy
Authors: Roberts Dennis C.
Published: October 2018

What Boyer's vision looks like in practice.
Alignment for Learning: Reorganizing Classrooms and Campuses
Authors: Tagg John
Published: October 2018

In the previous issue, John Tagg explored the real possibility that our policies and processes may be encouraging grade-grubbing careerism among students. Here he offers a powerful approach to real structural change.
Too Sure Too Soon: When Choosing Should Wait
Authors: Helkowski Camille , Sheahan Matt
Published: October 2018

Before students ever set foot on a college campus, most are repeatedly asked what degree they'll be seeking. On the plus side, the question leads to early goal commitment. The downside, as this former college senior and his career counselor mother painfully discovered, is sometimes making major life decisions way too soon.
On Becoming a Learning Organization
Authors: Brown Judy Sorum
Published: October 2018

It is a paradox not lost on many in higher education that while the corporate world has embraced organizational learning, higher education lags significantly behind. What would it take for colleges and universities to step up to the challenge of becoming true learning organizations?
The Electronic Campus: Breaking the Paper Barrier
Authors: Graham Joellen Goffaux
Published: October 2018

In 1990, one graduate admissions office, overwhelmed by paper, decided to take the plunge and convert their paper-based functions to an electronic environment. Now they can provide almost instant delivery of information and service. Sound too good to be true? The director of graduate admissions explains how they managed to make such a smooth transition.
Mastering Technology: Studies in Cognitive Styles
Authors: Kaha C.W.
Published: October 2018

This excerpt from an article in College Teaching discusses how new technologies—because they don't respect the same subject-area boundaries as print—will compel educators to think beyond traditional subjects and shift their focus from diverse disciplines to diverse cognitive styles.
Returning Greek Organizations to Their Founding Principles
Authors: Jackson Smith , Harless Amanda
Published: October 2018

Many campuses today are struggling with the problem of what to do with Greek organizations. Should strict standards of behavior be enforced, or should the organizations just be asked to leave? Elon College created a third option, the Elon Greek Summit, a collaborative effort in which students, staff, and faculty work together to help fraternities and sororities live up to their founding principles.
Networking Students beyond the Campus
Authors: Bettas George A.
Published: October 2018

What good does it do to integrate creative technology-based courses into the curriculum if most students can't access the technology? This problem drove Washington State University to create Greeknet—a way of providing high-speed campus network access not only to students in residence halls but also to those off campus in fraternities and sororities. Here's how they did it.
Slaughterhouse Seven
Authors: Williams Lee Burdette
Published: October 2018

Are there any epiphanies in killing chickens?
Reorganizing Student Affairs for the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Ballou Roger A.
Published: October 2018

In 1996 the student affairs division at the University of Wisconsin–River Falls underwent nothing short of a complete transformation—from twelve traditional units to three centers. The dean of students reports on how the change came about, the philosophy behind it, and how well it is meeting its objectives: to serve students better, enhance learning, and save money.
The Kalamazoo Electronic Student Portfolio
Authors: Laplante Marilyn J. , Springfield Emily C.
Published: October 2018

Recently a group at Kalamazoo College presented themselves with this challenge: How can we help undergraduates articulate the benefits of and connections among their coursework and educational experiences, learn to use cutting-edge technology, and present themselves effectively to potential employers? Here is what they came up with: the Kalamazoo Portfolio, a World Wide Web-based document and a new graduation requirement. Readers can view it for themselves at http://www.kzoo/∼pfolio/ .
Falling through the Cracks
Authors: Williams Lee Burdette
Published: October 2018

Two women, a student and a residence hall director, find themselves alone together one night, confronting their failures.
Building Learning Communities for Faculty
Authors: Levine Jodi H.
Published: October 2018

As at most colleges and universities, when faculty at Temple University are asked to join with other faculty to teach a “learning communities” course, they are faced with the daunting challenge of changing the way they teach. To help them meet this challenge, Temple University engages in a number of faculty development activities, the goal of which is to have faculty come together in a dynamic learning community—a teaching team—in which they can work out the best approaches for involving students in their own learning.
On Academic Advising
Authors: Grites Thomas J.
Published: October 2018

Academic advising process has been a part of higher education for centuries, but only in the past two decades has it been recognized as an effective means to influence student learning and retention. Indeed, successful academic advising efforts have consistently resulted in increased student persistence, better faculty-student interaction, and improved social and intellectual development among students. As a result, many departments are in the process of revising or refining their advising programs. Here are some resources that may help.
Working with Faculty from Different Disciplines
Authors: Eimers Mardy T.
Published: October 2018

No one assumes that faculty from all disciplines are alike, but do we fully appreciate how disciplinary affiliations affect the way faculty in different fields approach teaching and learning? This appreciation, says the author, is essential to the success of faculty and student affairs collaborations on campus.
Doin’ the Paradigm Shift
Authors: Birnbaum Bob (Big Dog)
Published: October 2018

Some Observations on Recent Trends
The Promise of Integrative Learning
Authors: Newell William H.
Published: October 2018

Integrative learning, says the author, is a concept that can help us create more potent learning environments. Indeed, he argues that it is by consciously and consistently asking students to engage in this kind of learning that we can truly realize the potential of such important pedagogical innovations as collaborative learning, service learning, and others.
On Community Service Learning
Authors: Kezar Adrianna J.
Published: October 2018

A roundup of useful resources for faculty and student affairs staff
Civic and Moral Learning
Authors: Ehrlich Thomas
Published: October 2018

As a public servant and an educator, Thomas Ehrlich has spent his adult life serving the public good. Recently he has also dedicated himself to finding ways students can develop the knowledge, skills, habits, and character that will help them commit to and contribute to their communities. He calls this developmental process “civic and moral learning.”
Introducing Learning Communities to Your Campus
Authors: Shapiro Nancy S. , Levine Jodi H.
Published: October 2018

As many educators on campuses across the country are discovering, it isn't easy to make learning communities happen. The changes they bring can shake up an institution in ways no one could have predicted. The authors, both experienced in creating learning communities on their own campuses, have spent a lot of time investigating what makes learning communities succeed and what works best when it comes time to introduce them on campus. Here they offer some practical advice.
An in vivo confocal microscopy study of corneal changes in pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Terracciano Luca , Cennamo Michela , Favuzza Eleonora , Julia Litasova , Caporossi Orsola , Mencucci Rita
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

To evaluate, through the in vivo confocal microscopy, the pathological changes of each corneal layer in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Methods:

We studied 40 eyes of 40 patients with diagnosis of unilateral senile cataract associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and 40 eyes of 40 control subjects with senile cataract without pseudoexfoliation syndrome. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, corneal sensitivity measurement using a Cochet-Bonnet nylon thread esthesiometer, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany); in vivo confocal microscopy of corneal sections (endothelium, stroma, sub-basal nerve plexus, and superficial and basal epithelium) was performed with the ConfoScan 4.0 (Nidek, Japan).

Results:

In pseudoexfoliation syndrome group, the mean corneal sensitivity was 44.1 ± 1.3 mm and in the control group was 55.6 ± 4.7 mm. The corneas of the eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome were significantly less sensitive than those of control group eyes (p < 0.001). Pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes had a lower nerve density and less nerve beadings and a higher degree of tortuosity in sub-basal plexus compared to the control group. The cell density of epithelial and endothelial layers was significantly lower in pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes than controls. In 80% of pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes, we found activated keratocytes and inflammatory cells in the anterior stroma.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrates the morpho-structural corneal alterations in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome, using corneal in vivo confocal microscopy as a non-invasive and high-reproducible technique to evaluate pathophysiology of each corneal layer; the sub-basal nerve plexus alterations are correlated with the lower corneal sensitivity.