bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approaches to Taxation of Transactions with Digital Financial Assets in Foreign Jurisdictions
Authors:   HSE University, Simonov Andrey O.
Published: April 2024

The article analyses current approaches and mechanisms for taxation of transactions with crypto-assets in foreign jurisdictions, which are advanced in terms of the prevalence of crypto-assets among the population. The choice of the research object is due to the increasing role of such assets in Russia and around the world, as well as the need to develop current regulation in this area in Russia and analyse the possibility of adapting the most advanced and successful experience in Russian realities. The article presents an analysis of the current regulation in the field of taxation of transactions with crypto assets in foreign jurisdictions, reflects legislative gaps and problems faced by individuals and legal entities, and also sets out proposals as to the possibility of adapting foreign approaches in Russia. It was revealed that currently none of the analysed jurisdictions has an effective mechanism for taxation of transactions with crypto-assets, however, each of these jurisdictions has a unified approach formulated at the state level to determine the status of crypto-assets as an object of civil turnover and taxation, which allows market participants to develop this sector of the economy in the jurisdiction.
Exercise by the Accused of the Right to Defence and Abuse of These Rights at the Stage of Preliminary Investigation
Authors:   Saint Petersburg University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Darovskikh Olga I.
Published: April 2024

The article examines possible options for abuses committed by the accused at the stage of preliminary investigation when exercising the right to defence, and substantiates the means to counter these abuses. The author systematises the types of possible abuses, highlights several aspects of activity that limit the abuses of a given participant in criminal legal relations or create obstacles, which include doctrinal, regulatory, and law enforcement, justifying the advisability of taking measures taken to eliminate abuses of law in criminal proceedings.
Advancing Computational Insights: Domination Topological Indices of Polysaccharides Using Special Polynomials and QSPR Analysis
Authors: Wazzan Suha , Ahmed Hanan
Published: April 2024

Topological indices play a pivotal role in deciphering the structural and physicochemical properties of complex molecular structures, especially polysaccharides like amylose and blue starch-iodine compounds. However, accurately determining these indices for such compounds, considering their diverse isomeric forms, has been a persistent challenge. While various methodologies have been proposed in the literature, many fall short in versatility, often failing to provide comprehensive correlations with physicochemical properties. Addressing this gap, our study introduces a pioneering approach using ϕR-polynomial and ϕγ-polynomial methodologies. This novel method not only encompasses both chair and boat isomeric forms but also integrates density functional theory (DFT) calculations utilizing the DFT/TPSSTPSS/cc-pVTZ basis set within the Gaussian 09 software. To validate our approach, we conducted a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) analysis and juxtaposed our findings with renowned compounds like nicotine and aspirin. The results unveiled robust correlations between the topological indices and the intrinsic properties of the compounds, underscoring the efficacy and reliability of our methodology. This research not only augments our comprehension of polysaccharides but also illuminates potential applications spanning pharmaceuticals, materials science, and agriculture. Furthermore, the compelling correlations observed herald the potential for the innovative design of new polysaccharides with tailored properties.
Research on Green Production Factors by OFDI Along the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Yang Jian , Ma Ni
Published: April 2024

To analyze the role of the Belt and Road Initiative in China’s OFDI by applying a double-difference model. To determine the accuracy of the model, using the skewed distribution matching method, and to determine the effect of OFDI in China’s coastal areas through practical tests. This paper adopts the DEA’s SBM model to study China’s green total factor productivity in 31 provinces; it evaluates China’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) through the use of three key indicators, including the currencies of the inflow countries, the currencies of the inward total, and exchange rate changes. The research in this paper considers various factors under the Belt and Road Initiative, including OFDI flows, reserves, and net flows. After an in-depth study, it is found that the Belt and Road policy significantly improves the mobility and sustainability of OFDI in the regions along the Belt and Road. This study may provide new perspectives for understanding the economic and social development patterns of provinces along the Belt and Road Initiative. Dissecting the complexity of regional development through the use of a "double split model" helps to recognize the different impacts of international projects on the local economy, and uniquely accounts for both spatial (geographic) and temporal (over time) variations in development, providing a robust framework for similar studies in other contexts.
Study on the Reform of the Open Policy of Utilizing Foreign Investment in China's Leasing and Business Service Industry
Authors: Yang Jian , Feng Yu
Published: April 2024

The utilization of foreign capital in China's leasing and business service industries has played an important role in economic development, which is highlighted in that it has become the second largest area of China's utilization of foreign capital. In 2022, China's actual use of foreign capital amounted to 123.268 billion RMB , up 6.3% year-on-year on a comparable basis, or US$189.13 billion, up 8% year-on-year. China's leasing and business service industries still have problems in opening up to the outside world, such as the unity of opening policies to be coordinated, the accuracy of opening up efforts to be improved, the matching of opening measures to be improved, the forward-looking of opening up supervision to be strengthened, and the guidance of opening up and development to be improved. In the future, China should continue to use foreign capital with high quality by improving the level of opening up, focusing on promoting the development of service trade in leasing and business services, and lowering the threshold of market access; The focus of development is to reform some policies and systems and create a good business environment; The focus of risk prevention and control is to innovate regulatory methods and build a forward-looking and flexible risk prevention and control system.
Party Disposition and Ex Officio Powers in the Taking of Evidence
Authors: Turroni Davide
Published: April 2024

Though the taking of evidence relies primarily on the parties' initiative, the tendency to confer the court ex officio investigative powers is diffuse and shows in the last decades a growing trend. After a brief overview of this trend throughout legal systems traditionally tied to the dispositive principle, the Author focuses on how a court is expected to manage these powers. In this context the Italian experience will serve as a test-bench for an analysis of the way the issue should be dealt with.
CALCULATION OF INELASTIC EXTENSION OF OVERHEAD POWER LINES WIRES: THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE «EXTRACTION» OF WIRES.
Authors:   JSC “Lengidroproekt”, Mishchenko V.V.
Published: April 2024

n the current regulatory literature, there are «gray zones» when there is no effective calculation methodology behind the requirement to take into account a well-known and proven phenomenon in the design. The «extraction» of overhead power lines wires is one of such zones. The article attempts to substantiate this phenomenon on the basis of simple facts known back in the 30s of the last century, which were discarded in the second half of the XX century in favor of a theoretical calculation method that did not receive proper experimental justification.
ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF STEEL STRUCTURES OF THE YAMAL LNG COMPLEX.
Authors:   JSC Research Center of Construction, Kondrashov D.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of scientific and technical support for the construction of a complex for the extraction, preparation, liquefaction of gas, shipment of it and its condensate, located at the Yuzhno-Tambeyskoye field. During the work, the following were performed: visual and instrumental inspection of steel structures of technological modules and related engineering structures; study and analysis of project documentation; verification calculations of frames. These works were carried out in order to assess the stressstrain and technical condition of the steel building structures of the complex and make recommendations for further development of construction and safe operation of structures at the field.
FEATURES OF STRESS STATE OF REINFORCED BRICK MASONRY WITH MONOLITIC REINFORCED CONCRETE WITH LOCAL EDGE COMPRESSION AT DIFFERENT STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF MASONRY AND CONCRETE.
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg state university of architecture and civil engineering, Novozhilova N.S. , Rudakov N.M. ,   LLC “DSI “Parus”
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the stress state of brickwork reinforced with monolithic reinforced concrete when a local compressive load is applied at the edge to the end of the structure. The influence of various brickwork materials and classes of concrete frame on the load-bearing capacity of the structure is considered using the ANSYS software. As a result, the coefficients for using the load-bearing capacity of masonry when determining the load-bearing capacity of a reinforced structure were identified.
OPTIMIZATION OF SEMI-FLAT-OVAL BENT-WELDED PROFILES FOR BEAM STRUCTURES.
Authors:   North-Caucasus federal university, Marutyan A.S.
Published: April 2024

A new technical solution for semi-flat bent-welded profiles is presented, optimized for bending strength characteristics, the originality of which has been confirmed by patent examination. Rectangular profiles with a ratio of width and height 1/3 along the middle section line served as the basis for their shaping, which ensures maximum strength. As a prototype, semi-flat profiles are assembled on the basis of flat-oval profiles with maximum strength due to the ratio of width and height 1/3.064 along the middle section line. The calculation of the optimal parameters of thin-walled sections using an approximate technique using their average lines, repeatedly tested in solving optimization problems for bent-welded profiles of various shapes and outlines, is presented. A comparative analysis of the design parameters revealed a positive effect of optimized profiles in truss and girder structures, including a reduction in the consumption of structural material, a decrease in stress concentration, and a reduction in building height. The prospects of expanding the scope of their rational use with the addition of pipe-concrete and steel-reinforced concrete structures are indicated.
Strategies in simultaneous interpreting: A review
Authors: Trisnawati Ika Kana , Netta Ayuna
Published: April 2024

Simultaneous interpreting is an interpreting mode which occurs simultaneously between the interpreter and the speaker. This paper discusses simultaneous interpreting and the strategies used in simultaneous interpreting. Simultaneous interpreting gives more challenges for the interpreter since the interpreter has to translate orally what has been said within the time allowed by the speed of the speaker. Thus, it is more complicated and needs more attention to the output and active language skills.
Dicto-Comp: A technique in reducing high school students� errors in writing
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the use of dicto-comp in minimizing errors in students writing. The study concerned the type of errors frequently made by the students after the implementation of dicto-comp and the effectiveness of dicto-comp in reducing the students errors in writing. The study used the quantitative approach using the quasi-experimental research design. The instrument of the study was writing tests. The study took place at a senior high school in Banda Aceh, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Findings showed that after the implementation of dicto-comp, the students frequently made grammatical errors at 46.42% and mechanical errors at 40.66%. Further, the t-test results showed that t-test = 2.12 and t-table = 1.70. This indicated that t-test score was higher than t-table, and thus, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Therefore, it can be concluded that dicto-comp decreased the errors in the students writing. It is suggested that teachers of English apply dicto-comp technique and/or combine it with another method/ strategy in teaching writing in classroom
Types of figurative language in Christina Perri’s songs
Authors: Netta Ayuna
Published: April 2024

This study examined the types of figurative language found in Christina Perri’s songs. This descriptive study used a qualitative approach. Data were taken from the lyrics of Christina Perri’s songs. Content analysis was used to examine the data in this study. The results of this study revealed that there were several kinds of figurative language in Christina Perri’s songs. They were metaphor, simile, personification, symbolism, alliteration, assonance, consonance, hyperbole, oxymoron, and imagery. The study on figurative languages in songs provides important educational implications such as promoting language proficiency, encouraging literary analysis and critical thinking, raising understanding of cultures, stimulating the creative process, and building emotional intelligence for students and teachers during teaching and learning process.
Translation readability of the verb phrase with modality in the TikTok privacy policy
Authors: Fatikha Zahwa , Sukaesih Ina , Indrayani Septina
Published: April 2024

This qualitative descriptive research aims to discuss the types of verb phrases with modality based on Palmer (1990) and Alwi (1992) theory, translation techniques based on theory introduced by Molina and Albir (2002), and translation readability based on theory developed by Nababan (2012) in the TikTok Privacy Policy. The source of data in this study is verb phrases with modality obtained from the webpage on the TikTok website containing the Privacy Policy of the TikTok platform in English and Indonesian versions. The translation readability was discussed through the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The data were analyzed using the data analysis method by Spradley, consisting of domain, taxonomic, componential, and cultural theme analysis. The linguistic data is the verb phrase with epistemic, dynamic, and deontic modality in the Privacy Policy on the TikTok website. In this research, 100 data of verb phrases with modality were obtained and categorized into three types of modalities; 50 data belong to the deontic modality, 24 data to the dynamic modality, and 18 data to the epistemic modality. Verb phrases with two modalities are also found; 6 data belong to the epistemic and deontic modalities, and 2 data belong to the epistemic and dynamic modalities. Eight translation techniques are adopted, including established equivalent, literal translation, linguistic amplification, transposition, the combination of established equivalent and transposition, the combination of literal translation and transposition, the combination of established equivalent and reduction, and the combination of linguistic amplification and established equivalent. The most used technique is the established equivalent with 62 data or 62% of the total data. The overall readability translation score of verb phrases with modality in the privacy policy has quite high readability, with a score of 2.76.
The impact of picture and picture learning model on EFL students’ writing ability
Authors: Rusmiati Rusmiati , Miko Mahara , Shaumiwaty Shaumiwaty
Published: April 2024

Writing has been a very challenging skill for students especially for eight grade learners of one Islamic junior high school in Central Aceh. This research was conducted to see whether the picture and picture-learning model could increase the students’ capability in writing. To investigate it, the quantitative approach, i.e., experimental method was employed. The population of this study was four classes, totaling 124 students. By using random sampling, classes VIII1 and VIII3 consisting of 30 and 32 students, respectively, were selected as the sample of this research. To collect the data, both pretest and posttest were given to the students before and after applying the picture-learning model. The results showed that the learners performed better after the intervention for both groups; however, the experimental group made better improvement in their writing (post-test = 84; pre-test = 60). In addition, the t-test also displayed that t-test (3.603) was higher than t-table (3.0) indicating that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. The conclusion, therefore, was that the picture and picture-learning model increased the students’ writing ability.
Confirmation of the stereochemistry of spiroviolene
Authors: Kong Yao , Liu Yuanning , Wang Kaibiao , Wang Tao , Wang Chen , Ai Ben , Jia Hongli , Pan Guohui , Yin Min , Xu Zhengren
Published: April 2024

We confirm the previously revised stereochemistry of spiroviolene by X-ray crystallographically characterizing a hydrazone derivative of 9-oxospiroviolane, which is synthesized by hydroboration/oxidation of spiroviolene followed by oxidation of the resultant hydroxy group. An unexpected thermal boron migration occurred during the hydroboration process of spiroviolene that resulted in the production of a mixture of 1α-hydroxyspiroviolane, 9α- and 9β-hydroxyspiroviolane after oxidation. The assertion of the cis-orientation of the 19- and 20-methyl groups provided further support for the revised cyclization mechanism of spiroviolene.
Impact On the Environmental and Health Effects of Solid Waste Management in The Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria
Authors: Audi Isyaku Najib , Ageebee Thomas Terngu , Omoha Joy Omeyi , Oniyinde Omolara Yetunde
Published: April 2024

This paper investigated impact on the environmental and health effects of solid waste management in the federal capital territory: a case study of Abaji area council, it revealed that the data collected from nearby dumpsite household residents were less than 30 m and far away household residents greater than 30 m through interviews and personal observations were used to collect some of the data. This paper adopted descriptive statistics tool of tables, figures and graphs to present the data. The educational level of respondents of Nearby Residents (NBR) ranges from 30.00 to 115.00 with total of 145 and Far Away Residents (FAR) are between 53.00 and 110.00 with total of 233.00. The disposal methods used by respondents’ ranges from 35.00 to 128.00 with percentage between 9.00 to 32.00 for NBR and 23.00 to 85.00 with 10.00% to 36.00% for FAR. The findings indicate that because the dumpsite was located closer to NBR and FAR's communities, both groups experienced linked illnesses such cholera, diarrhea, and malaria. This paper therefore recommended that urgent attention should be given to environmental education for the people in the study area.
Entre Protocolos y Emociones: Experiencias en Profesionales de Enfermería sobre Cuidado Humanizado
Authors: Torres  Gómez Samantha Lizbeth , Ortega Valarezo Samantha Victoria , Requelme Jaramillo Milton Junior
Published: April 2024

El proceso de cuidado se manifiesta a través de interacciones personales enfocadas en fomentar la salud y el avance individual, demandando una firme ética y una voluntad decidida para ofrecer asistencia. Este estudio tuvo como meta examinar cómo se entrelazan los protocolos clínicos con las prácticas de cuidado humanizado llevadas a cabo por los profesionales de enfermería. Adoptando una metodología cualitativa fenomenológica y alcanzando la saturación teórica, se identificaron y codificaron las experiencias de los participantes (PE) mediante el software Nvivo 11. Los hallazgos se agruparon en categorías como el impacto emocional y profesional en enfermería, las percepciones acerca del cuidado humanizado, la interacción con protocolos y el cuidado humanizado, además de la formación y el desarrollo profesional. La conclusión del estudio hace un llamamiento a las instituciones sanitarias y educativas para que colaboren en fomentar una cultura de cuidado humanizado, respaldando el bienestar del personal de enfermería y abogando por un enfoque de atención más personalizado y compasivo.
ПРЕПОДАВАНИЕ ЯЗЫКА КАК СПОСОБ УКРЕПЛЕНИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО САМОСОЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Люблинская Марина Дмитриевна , Валенкова Виктория Васильевна
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается актуальность преподавания родного языка для представителей национальных меньшинств с целью повышения их социального статуса и самомотивации, а также привлечения внимания носителей языка к уникальности своей национальности. Анализ сосредоточен на текущих и прошлых лингвокультурных исследовательских инициативах, предпринятых студентами Института народов Севера Российского государственного педагогического университета им. А.И. Герцена. Авторы оценивают методы и подходы, принятые студентами, независимо от того, проводят они исследовательские работы самостоятельно или в команде, изучают предыдущий дидактический опыт, анализируют фольклорные произведения и бытовые записи своих предшественников или развивают на практике современные возможности языков, которые только недавно стали существовать в письменной форме. В статье показано, как студенты осваивают новые значения лексических единиц, выявляют творческий потенциал когнитивного и лексико-семантического подходов к языку, разрабатывают и внедряют инновационные методы изучения языка и культуры. Авторы статьи отмечают, что участие студентов в популяризации своих языков и культур, а также интерес окружающего населения к познанию их традиций и особенностей, в свою очередь, стимулируют студентов к дальнейшему постижению и исследованию уникальных свойств своих языков и культур. Подобные примеры оказывают положительное влияние на студентов последующих курсов, а также на детей школьного возраста и в целом на представителей окружающего их миноритарного народа, вдохновляя на новые возможности получения и анализа информации, публичного представления своих достижений, подчеркивая их актуальность и интерес для широкой общественной аудитории.
Etiologies, risk factors, and antibiotic pattern of lower respiratory tract infection in patients coming to Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, South India
Authors:   Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq, Ahmed Khawaja Shakeel , Mustafa Maimoona ,   Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India, Thomas Danial P. ,   Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
Published: April 2024

Background. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI) impose a huge problem on society due to their tenacious and unescapable health problems, and they were the reasons for consultation and hospitalization. Patients with LRTI were present with a wide spectrum of diseases that range from life-threatening infections to minor self-limiting illnesses. Materials and methods. Sputum samples from 310 patients with complaints of lower respiratory tract infections were collected and analyzed. After microscopic analysis, 30 were excluded from the study. Of the 280 that were included in the study, 171 were males and 109 were females. The age group between 56 and 65 years comprised the highest number of patients in the study. Different antibiotics were used to check antibiotic sensitivity patterns against isolated Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Results. Of the 280 samples processed, 122 (43.5%) were culture-positive. Among the 122 bacterial isolates, the predominant organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae 55 (45%). The most common predisposing factor identified in 115 (37%) patients was smoking. Using the Double Disk Synergy Test, 11 (20%) out of a total of 55 K. pneumoniae isolates and 4 (30.7%) out of 13 Pseudomonas isolates showed Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL). The Klebsiella and Pseudomonas isolates showed resistance to 2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporins. Conclusion. Because of different geographical regions and conditions, the etiology and the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of LRTI vary, so the etiology, predisposing factors, and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of LRTI need to be updated regularly. The diagnostic facilities for early and rapid identification of LRTI also need to be improved.
Evaluation of knowledge and oral healthcare practices among pregnant women in Pristina, Kosovo
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, “Hasan Prishtina” University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo, Kurti Vlora , Pelaj Besarta ,   Faculty of Medicine, “Hasan Prishtina” University of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
Published: April 2024

Background. Pregnancy is an important period in a woman's life characterized by numerous physiological changes that can affect their oral health. For effective results, concerns about oral health during pregnancy should be checked and managed. Aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices regarding oral health among pregnant women in Pristina. Method. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used, conducted in Pristina with a sample of 251 pregnant women treated at the University Clinical Center of Gynecology, in the Antenatal Care Department. The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, women's knowledge of oral health, attitude toward oral health on the Likert Scale, and oral health practices. Results. The study revealed that 70.11% of the interviewed women were aged ≥25 years, and 46.2% of them were from rural areas. Unemployed women comprised 66.1% of the studied group, and 45.41% of pregnant women were educated. The study results indicate that 54% of the surveyed women know about oral health. Less than half, 27.9%, agreed on the importance of dental check-ups during the first trimester, and about 35.9% lacked knowledge that poor oral hygiene could cause premature birth. The majority, 54%, of surveyed women brush their teeth more than once a day. Discussion. The lack of professional knowledge is high, and most pregnant women need more information regarding this issue. Additionally, dental examinations are not performed on mothers, making it impossible to determine their current dental treatment needs. Conclusion. Pregnant women's knowledge appears deficient in almost all variables included in the study, despite the majority choosing the correct alternative, a significant percentage of them responded with “don't know”.
Perspectives on the surgical intervention of venous injuries: In-depth analysis
Authors:   “Jabir Ibn Hayyan” Medical University, Najaf, Iraq, Sharba Laith Fathi , Fahad Ahmed Muhi ,   “Al-Sader” Teaching Medical City, Najaf, Iraq
Published: April 2024

Background. The surgical treatment of venous injuries is examined in this work, with particular attention to the brachial vein and its prevalence, methods, and results. Purposes. It assesses surgical techniques, issues that arise after surgery, and the significance of developments in venous repair. In these complicated instances, the research aids in better decision-making and patient care. Methods. A study at the Advanced Vascular Institute and Al-Hashed military hospitals between 2017 and 2018 involved 150 patients with acute venous injuries, predominantly males aged 3-65 years. The study observed a change in the causes of venous injury, with a rise in cases of blunt trauma, particularly in metropolitan areas, but penetrating trauma remains the most common cause. Diagnosis is mainly reached clinically by looking for signs and symptoms, and surgical plans can be made without the Doppler study, which is now available in all casualty wards. Results. To treat hypovolemia and shock, two bilateral wide-bore cannulas with rapid cross-matched blood (rapid method) and ringers or normal saline fluid. The most common injury was to the brachial vein, which was repaired primarily by ligation and, after that, by various techniques, including venography. Follow-ups were difficult for those from other governments, especially our soldier's surgery done at Al-Hashed hospitals, where we advised them to consult vascular surgeons near their residences. Ten individuals had their venous ligation and fasciotomy complications—often accompanied by concomitant artery trauma—required an amputation. Conclusions. The use of fasciotomies varied and did not significantly correlate with the kind of operation. Doppler study checked the patency of the repaired veins, and the follow-up revealed no signs of thrombotic problems. Four patients, all in critical hemodynamic conditions with significant arterial and venous injuries, died during surgery from irreversible shock, accounting for the study's 2.7% fatality rate.
Serum S100b: Biochemical marker of brain damage in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India, Reddy O.Y. Pavan Kumar , Dash Bibhudutta ,   Department of Pediatrics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India, Sarangi Rachita ,   Department of Pediatrics, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India, Ray Subhashree ,   Department of Biochemistry, IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
Published: April 2024

Background. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neurological disabilities in infants. Several possible early biomarkers for hypoxic injury have been investigated but none of them have been completely utilized in clinical practice. Serum S100b is one such early biomarker. Objective. The above study aims to assess the usefulness of the biomarker S100b in predicting the severity as well as the outcome of neonates having HIE. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was done on 80 term newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Institute of medical sciences & SUM hospital, Bhubaneswar from August 2019 to February 2021. Out of the total 80 term newborns, 20 newborns without any evidence of perinatal hypoxia were categorized as the Controls, and the rest of 60 newborns with perinatal hypoxia were categorized as Cases. Cases were further divided into 3 subgroups based on Sarnat and Sarnat staging with 27 newborns in HIE I, 17 newborns in HIE II, and 16 newborns in HIE III. Serum S100b was measured in all the above children at 4 and 48 hours of life. Result. In our study, the mean serum S100b level at 4h & 48h of life was 1.15 & 1.05 respectively in controls and 3.24 & 2.36 (p<o.oo1) respectively in cases. The mean S100b level in subgroup HIE I, II, III were 2.06, 2.79 & 5.12 at 4h of life and 1.35, 1.86 & 4.08 at 48h of life, which is gradually increasing with the severity of asphyxia. On follow-up, it was found that babies with high S100b at 4h & 48 h of birth had more neurological sequelae. ROC curve depicted area under the curve was 0.80 showing high predictability of S100b for the neurological outcome. It was also seen that the cut-off value of 3.09 at 4 h has a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 78.2%. Conclusion. Serum S100b is not only an early biomarker for HIE but also helps in prognostication, which is an essential part of the treatment of newborns and during the counseling of parents.
Correlation between elevated serum bilirubin levels and coronary artery disease risk - An institutional study
Authors:   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Vaishnavi K.I.S.N. , Krishna Geetha N. ,   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Gowri Shankar A. ,   Department of General Medicine, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: April 2024

Background and objectives. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem resulting in profound morbidity and mortality. Recent research studies have suggested that bilirubin may play a role in preventing coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between increased levels of bilirubin in the blood and risk for developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and methods. For the course of this study, an observational method was used where 30 participants were enrolled from our department’s general medicine unit. We collected demographic data and patient’s medical history. Moreover, we carried out complete blood count to measure serum levels of bilirubin such as total, direct and indirect, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP). Several statistical analyses were done to find out whether there is any relation between blood bilirubin levels and CAD related risk factors. Results. The current findings showed average serum concentration for bilirubin at 1.5 ± 0.5 mg/dL. In this regard, hypertension was prevalent among 40% of respondents while diabetes took up 20%. This present study indicates that there is strong negative relationship between cardiovascular risks indicator blood-bilirubins. Conclusion. Consequently, this study produces great proof that shows strong support for a negative relationship between the levels of bilirubin in the blood and the likelihood of getting affected by coronary arteries. This might be due to different roles played by bilirubin such as being an antioxidant and having anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest that there is a need for more investigations into bilirubin as its importance as a potential biomarker for assessing and mitigating cardiovascular risk has been highlighted.
Non-syndromic oropharyngeal hamartoma: A case report
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MGM & LSK Hospital Kishanganj Bihar, India, Singh Kanwar Vikrant , Singh Gurpreet ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MGM & LSK Hospital Kishanganj Bihar, India, Gupta Surabhi ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MGM & LSK Hospital Kishanganj Bihar, India, Patra Paromita ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, MGM & LSK Hospital Kishanganj Bihar, India
Published: April 2024

This case report details the presentation, investigation, management, and histopathological examination of a rare occurrence – non-syndromic oropharyngeal hamartomas in a 2-year-old child. The child presented with a substantial orofacial mass on the dorsum of the tongue, causing significant functional impairments. Notably, the mass measured 8×4 cm and protruded outside the oral cavity. Additional findings included a nodular mass at the tongue tip, a lobulated mass on the right buccal mucosa (3×4 cm), cleft palate, microphthalmos of the right eye, and an accessory pinna on the right cheek. Diagnostic investigations, including ultrasound, revealed irregular soft tissue lesions with hypoechoic areas and vascular channels, indicative of hemangioma. Blood parameters were within normal limits. Due to the size and symptomatic nature of the mass, surgical intervention was planned and executed under general anesthesia with nasal intubation. The procedure involved complete dissection and excision of the masses from the tongue and buccal mucosa. The surgical site was meticulously closed in layers using 4-O vicryl. Postoperatively, the child resumed oral feeds on the third day, and the recovery period was uneventful. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen depicted a hamartomatous lesion of the tongue characterized by stratified squamous epithelial lining, admixture of blood vessels, adipose tissue, fibrocollagenous tissue, cartilaginous tissue, nerve bundles, adnexal structures, and minor salivary glands. The report concludes by highlighting the rarity of lingual hamartomas, emphasizing the exceptional size and vascularity of the presented case. It stresses the necessity of considering hamartomas in the differential diagnosis of tongue lesions in pediatric patients. The definitive management approach discussed is complete surgical excision, with the importance of confirming the diagnosis through histopathological examination of the excised specimen. This case contributes with valuable insights into the clinical presentation and management of non-syndromic oropharyngeal hamartomas in pediatric patients.
Validation of Glycemic Index Values Represented as Bar Graphs in Scholarly Articles for Clinical Nutrition Application
Authors: Bhuwaneswaran Vijayam  , Lau Siew Ping  , Wong Jing Wen  , Sakinah Muzarpar  , Ainun Amirah Abdul Rahim  , Pwi Jia Yee  , Leeynesh Sooriyapiragasam
Published: April 2024

Glycemic index (GI) has been a proven clinical nutrition tool. It has been utilized in chronic diseases such as PCOS, diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. The GI value of a test food is the ratio of the glucose response over 2 hours against the reference food. The references food is usually either glucose or bread. GI values may often be directly available as values in texts, tables, or figures. The indirect values may be represented as values, images or both values and, concentration of glucose over time or GI values. Less ideally, some GI data are only presented in graphs. Data from these graphs without direct values could be extracted but this potentially contributes to less accurate results. Here, we investigate the extracted outcome from the original data and if their differences could affect the GI values. There are a few software’s and methods that may be used for data extraction; however, they are costly and complex. Also, different types of graphs require different extraction methods. Herein, we describe a simple reproducible method for extracting data from bar graphs using the freeware ImageJ. Seven extractors extracted 102 outcome values from 19 different scholarly articles. Differences between extractors were compared using the Overall Concordance Correlation Coefficients (OCCC), whereas differences between the original and extracted data were compared using the Lin’s Concordance Correlation Coefficients (CCC) and Bland-Altman. Both the OCCCs and CCCs were high for both outcome values and errors, while the CCCs were good and acceptable for the outcome. The Bland Altman showed good agreement between the extracted outcome and the true reported GI values. Therefore, the current method supports the extraction GI values from bar graphs in published scholarly articles even in their absence in text.
Characterization of Analgesics: A Preliminary Review
Authors: Siti Amira Othman  , Nur Najihah Musa
Published: April 2024

The purposes of this review are to introduce the type of analgesics and to investigate the use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-VIS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in the identification of analgesics properties and element composition for medical proposes. The review covers the principle and capabilities of these analytical techniques and their application in pharmaceutical analysis. It also highlights significant studies that used FTIR, UV-VIS, and SEM to examine the atomic and molecular of analgesics, allowing for their characterization and quality assessment.
Awareness of Mental Health Issues in Malaysian Construction Industry
Authors: Muneera Esa  , Praveena Muniandy  , Nurul Ain Syahirah Binti Mohd Noor
Published: April 2024

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has issued a statement indicating that mental health issues have been associated with a significant proportion of diseases within the construction sector from March 2018 to March 2019. This study aims to examine the level of awareness within the Malaysian Construction Industry regarding mental illness and the industry's perception of this issue. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the underlying factors contributing to mental health issues experienced by employees within the construction industry. Additionally, it seeks to examine the effects of employees' mental health on the performance of the construction industry, specifically in relation to absenteeism and presenteeism. The research approach employed in this study is a quantitative methodology. Based on the data collected from the survey, this study establishes that employees in the construction industry encounter mental health challenges. Although the majority of participants in the survey exhibit stable mental health conditions, the data also reveals the presence of respondents who experience mental health concerns. This study examines the occurrence of mental health issues, including anxiety, stress, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among construction workers. The focus is on individuals who are mostly employed in white-collar positions within the construction industry and fall within the age range of 26 to 30 years. Additionally, the study considers employees who have accumulated between 0 to 5 years of work experience. Individuals who are employed in professions with a higher likelihood of insecure employment and lower income tend to exhibit a greater susceptibility to mental health issues. Therefore, it is imperative that the topic of mental health difficulties is not disregarded and is actively addressed by scholars and governmental agencies in Malaysia, in order to promote a healthier mental wellness for employees in the future. The data also indicates that the average rates of absenteeism and presenteeism are 5.8% and 22.4% respectively, resulting in a combined average cost of RM 311.99. Further investigation is necessary in order to enhance scholarly and practical understanding.
Protection of the Right to Health Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Southeast Asia: A Retrospective and Prospective Analysis
Authors: Mohammed R. M. Elshobake
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a public health crisis which affected all the fields including economic, social, humanitarian, and human rights fields. According to International human rights law and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the right to healthcare stands as a fundamental aspect of ensuring the right to life due to its inherent connection to human well-being. To measure the state of health care in a country, we should assess four criteria which are availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of healthcare services. Using doctrinal research and legal analysis, this paper aims to evaluate the status of the right to healthcare in Southeast Asia during the COVID-19. It is concluded that most Southeast countries effectively managed to control the spread of COVID-19. However, they grappled with challenges related to the availability, accessibility, quality, and acceptability of healthcare services. Therefore, this paper recommends that Southeast countries work to provide health care for all. As well as to take steps to achieve systemic reforms to improve the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of healthcare services. These improvements include Investment in healthcare infrastructure, equitable resource allocation, community engagement and health education, training and support for healthcare workers, and international collaboration among Southeast countries through (ASEAN) and collaboration with other countries and organizations. All these improvements are essential not only for future pandemic preparedness but also for ensuring the fundamental right to health care for all as stated by International human rights law and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
Emotional Management of Female Students in Malaysian Institute of Higher Education
Authors: Amirah Iryani Hayatuddin  , A’dawiyah Ismail
Published: April 2024

Emotions are important to handle well in daily life, especially as a student at the Institute of Higher Education. Excellent students can usually handle their emotions well and even feel that their life at the Institute of Higher Education is very easy. However, it is said that most female students do not know how to manage their emotions when they have so many assignments. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the emotions of female students at Institutes of Higher Education, the factors that cause such emotions of female students, and how emotions are managed by female students at Institutes of Higher Education. The method of this research is the quantitative method with a survey research design through the distribution of survey. There are 100 female students at the Institute of Higher Education were answered this survey. A set of survey is used as a research instrument that has five parts, part A (respondent demographics), part B (respondent's emotional type), part C (stress factors among students), part D (how respondents manage emotions), and part E (the effect of emotional management on respondents). Overall, the results of the research found that the emotional management of female students at the Institute of Higher Education is in good condition and this emotional management has an impact on their studies.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Authors: Böhm Winfried
Published: April 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag hebt die zentrale Rolle Jean-Jacques Rousseaus in der Geschichte des abendländischen Denkens und speziell in der Pädagogik hervor. Rousseau, ein Autodidakt und Sohn eines Genfer Uhrmachers, gilt als
Schlüsselfigur, die mit ihren Werken, insbesondere mit dem Erziehungstraktat „Emile oder über die Erziehung“, sowohl Zustimmung als auch heftige Kritik erntete. Dieses Werk führte zu einer breiten Rezeption und Diskussion,
die Rousseaus Ideen bis heute relevant machen. Rousseau vertrat ein Erziehungskonzept, das auf die Natur des Menschen und seine Selbstbildungskräfte setzte und damit eine neue Richtung in der Pädagogik einleitete, in der
Erziehung zu einem Gegenstand mit Eigenwert wurde. Die Abhandlung betont Rousseaus Fähigkeit, pädagogische Paradoxien und eine kritische Distanz zur Aufklärung in sein Denken zu integrieren, und unterstreicht sein Vertrauen
in die Selbstbildungskräfte des Menschen als Grundlage der Pädagogik.
IDENTIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA MATERI INTEGRAL TAK TENTU SISWA KELAS XI AKL SMK MANIAMAS NGABANG
Authors: LILIANA SEPRIANI , HERIANTO AGUS , HERMIATI KONSTANSIA
Published: April 2024

Berpikir kritis adalah sebuah aktivitas mental manusia dalam mengumpulkan, mengklasifikasi, menganalisis, dan mengevaluasi informasi untuk menarik kesimpulan guna memecahkan suatu masalah. Kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam penelitian ini diukur berdasarkan indikator Interpretasi, Analisis, Evaluasi, dan Inferensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi integral tak tentu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa kelas XI AKL SMK Maniamas Ngabang. Terdapat dua sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu soal tes tertulis dan hasil wawancara (sebagai sumber data primer) dan dokumentasi (sebagai sumber data sekunder). Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa 56,67% subjek tergolong dalam siswa yang kemampuan berpikir kritisnya tinggi, 23,33% subjek tergolong dalam siswa yang kemampuan berpikir kritisnya sedang, 20% subjek tergolong dalam siswa yang kemampuan berpikir kritisnya rendah.