bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF A FERROFLUID TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MAGNITOPHORESIS AND PARTICLE INTERACTION
Authors: Lavrova Olga , Polevikov Viktor
Published: February 2022

Shielding properties of a cylindrical thick-walled ferrofluid layer that protects against externally applied uniform magnetic fields are numerically investigated. We take into account the diffusion of magnetic nanoparticles in the ferrofluid with magnetic dipole-dipole, steric and hydrodynamic interactions between particles. Permeability of the ferrofluid is considered to be dependent on the magnetic-field strength and the particle concentration. A combined method of finite differences and boundary elements is applied to solve a nonlinear transmission problem of magnetostatics in the whole space, augmented by nonlinear algebraic equations based on the mass transfer equation for magnetic nanoparticles in ferrofluids. Numerical experiments revealed that the diffusion of particles has negligible influence on the shielding properties at weak and strong intensities of the applied magnetic field when comparing with the results of computations for a uniform particle distribution.
TAKING A SNAPSHOT
Authors: Fridrichová Kateřina , Ilavská Adriana
Published: February 2022

This paper introduces a method of conflict escalation prediction based on long-term structural conditions, drawn from open sources, and QCA (Qualitative Comparative analysis). The combination of the two components offers a model of prediction, which is comparable to other more sophisticated and resourced systems. Moreover, it offers a more sensitive estimation of an escalation.
Generating Big Data in (Micro)Economics
Authors: Aydogan Yigit
Published: February 2022

One can expect the economics profession to gravitate towards microeconomics after the big data revolution is completed. The term big data refers to unconventionally large data streams from many sources to a bunch of (not necessarily known) recipients. Relying on aggregate relations by disregarding underlying dynamics is a suboptimal when the micro data is available. Via an international organization, all costs could be decreased, and gains could be increased with global optimization of the big data just like the International Space Station (ISS). Big data is a completely new way of practice, and it must develop its own ethical standards. A few economies such as Turkey can be pioneers in terms of big data utilization in economic research if necessary technical, practical, and legal steps are taken.
Comparative Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Thiazolidinedione Treatment on Risk of Stroke among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lee Seung Eun , Nam Hyewon , Choi Han Seok , Kim Hoseob , Kyoung Dae-Sung , Kim Kyoung-Ah
Published: February 2022

Background: Although cardiovascular outcome trials using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) showed a reduction in risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), they did not demonstrate beneficial effects on stroke risk. Additionally, meta-analysis showed SGLT-2i potentially had an adverse effect on stroke risk. Contrarily, pioglitazone, a type of thiazolidinedione (TZD), has been shown to reduce recurrent stroke risk. Thus, we aimed to compare the effect of SGLT-2i and TZD on the risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service data, we compared a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort of patients who used SGLT-2i or TZD from January 2014 to December 2018. The primary outcome was stroke. The secondary outcomes were myocardial infarction (MI), cardiovascular death, 3-point MACE, and heart failure (HF).Results: After propensity-matching, each group included 56,794 patients. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. During the follow-up, 862 patients were newly hospitalized for stroke. The incidence rate of stroke was 4.11 and 4.22 per 1,000 person-years for the TZD and SGLT-2i groups respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) of stroke was 1.054 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.904 to 1.229) in the SGLT-2i group compared to the TZD group. There was no difference in the risk of MI, cardiovascular death, 3-point MACE between groups. Hospitalization for HF was significantly decreased in SGLT-2i-treated patients (HR, 0.645; 95% CI, 0.466 to 0.893). Results were consistent regardless of prior cardiovascular disease.Conclusion: In this real-world data, the risk of stroke was comparable in T2DM patients treated with SGLT-2i or TZD.
Critical evaluation of the doctrine of predestination within black-African theology: Christ the elected and electing
Authors: Modise Leepo J.
Published: February 2022

This article aims to deconstruct the ideology about God’s election in South Africa, which is attached to capitalism. I will discuss about its impact on the South African socio-politico-economic situation in the apartheid and post-apartheid era. Furthermore, I will critically discuss the equality of human beings in the eyes of Triune God and focus on the centrality of Christology from the African and black theology. One cannot divorce the Providence of God from the doctrine of predestination. The God who creates is the same God who elects and provides for his people. This argument will lead to the critical question: Who are the elect, rich or poor? Free or oppressed? This article’s final thesis is to deconstruct the ideology that God elects according to God’s grace.
Modulation of Muscle Growth Related Genes in Fish in Response to Plant Based Ingredients
Authors: Ayisi Christian Larbi , Afriyie Gyamfua , Owusu-Afriyie Gilbert
Published: February 2022

Fish meal and fish oil have been the mostly used ingredients (protein and lipid respectively) in aquaculture feeds due to their excellent source of well-balanced amino acid profile and n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) respectively. However, due to escalating prices and fluctuation in production, there are calls for alternative protein and lipid sources to be used. Plant based ingredients have been recognized as alternatives that could enhance growth performance as well as reduction in cost of production. The regulation of muscle growth by plant based lipids and protein is not fully elucidated. Growth performance and muscle growth of fish is affected by diets. Acceleration of growth through alteration of genes by diets can be useful as it can reduce cost and decrease time of production. The objective of this review is to discuss the genes that affect muscle growth of fish and how plant based ingredients affect these genes.
Impact of Universal Suicide Risk Screening in a Pediatric Emergency Department: A Discrete Event Simulation Approach
Authors: McKinley Kenneth W. , Rickard Kelly N. Z. , Latif Finza , Wavra Theresa , Berg Julie , Morrison Sephora , Chamberlain James M. , Patel Shilpa J.
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to use discrete event simulation (DES) to model the impact of two universal suicide risk screening scenarios (emergency department [ED] and hospital-wide) on mean length of stay (LOS), wait times, and overflow of our secure patient care unit for patients being evaluated for a behavioral health complaint (BHC) in the ED of a large, academic children’s hospital.Methods: We developed a conceptual model of BHC patient flow through the ED, incorporating anticipated system changes with both universal suicide risk screening scenarios. Retrospective site-specific patient tracking data from 2017 were used to generate model parameters and validate model output metrics with a random 50/50 split for derivation and validation data.Results: The model predicted small increases (less than 1 hour) in LOS and wait times for our BHC patients in both universal screening scenarios. However, the days per year in which the ED experienced secure unit overflow increased (existing system: 52.9 days; 95% CI, 51.5–54.3 days; ED: 94.4 days; 95% CI, 92.6–96.2 days; and hospital-wide: 276.9 days; 95% CI, 274.8–279.0 days).Conclusions: The DES model predicted that implementation of either universal suicide risk screening scenario would not severely impact LOS or wait times for BHC patients in our ED. However, universal screening would greatly stress our existing ED capacity to care for BHC patients in secure, dedicated patient areas by creating more overflow.
Urfa Tarihçesi ve Urfa'da Bulunmuş Ermenice Yazıtlar
Authors: DEVECİ BOZKUŞ Yıldız , GÜLER Selahattin
Published: February 2022

Bu makalede bölgenin tarihi ile ilgili mevcut literatür taranarak ilk etapta Urfa’nın antik dönemlerden 19. yüzyıla kadar geçirmiş olduğu zaman diliminde öne çıkan tarihi gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda Urfa’nın hangi medeniyet ve kültürlere ev sahipliği yaptığı, burada verilen mücadeleler, bölgenin tarihi ve stratejik önemi üzerinde durulmuştur. Mevcut literatüre ek olarak son 200 yıl içinde bölgeye gelen yabancı gezginlerin notları da gözden geçirilmiştir. Tarih araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak, tarih araştırmalarında son derece önemli birer belge niteliği taşıyan yazıtlarla ilgili olarak bölgede şu ana kadarki genel durum değerlendirilmiştir. Bölgenin eski dillerinden olan Süryanice ve Grekçe yazıtlarla ilgili literatür gözden geçirilirken, şimdiye kadar konuyla ilgili pek fazla yayın yapılmamış olan Urfa’nın kadim yapısı ve kültürel özellikleri açısından tespit edilen Ermenice yazıtlardan örnekler sunulmuştur. Bu yazıtlardaki verilerin nasıl yorumlanması gerektiği ve tarih araştırmalarında neden önemli olduğu belirtilmiştir. Makalede tespit edilen Ermenice yazıtların nasıl incelenmesi gerektiği, Urfa ve dünya tarihi açısından önemi de ele alınmıştır. Urfa’da tespit edilmiş epigrafik eserler metin ve içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen verilerin hangi dönemlere ait olduğu belirtilerek daha sonra elde edilen bilgiler kronolojik, lokasyan ve biçimsel özellikleri açısından da değerlendirilmiştir.
GLOBAL CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT USING SMI & PR ALGORITHMS
Authors: . KANAKA SIPPORA RANI , . Dr.G RAVINDRANATH
Published: February 2022

Image enhancement is one of the challenging issues in low level image processing. In general, it is difficult to design a visual artifact free contrast enhancement method. Considering this, we propose a global, computationally efficient spatial contrast enhancement method which performs enhancement by considering the spatial locations of gray-levels of an image instead of direct use of gray-levels or their co-occurrences. Contrast enhancement is the important factor in image enhancement. Contrast enhancement is used to increase the contrast of an image with low dynamic range and bring out the image details that would be hidden. The enhanced image is looks qualitatively better than the original image if the gray-level differences. This work proposes a novel algorithm, which enhances the low contrast input image by using the spatial information of pixels. This algorithm introduces new method to compute spatial entropy of pixels using spatial distribution of gray levels. This is different than the conventional methods, this algorithm considers the distribution of spatial locations of gray levels of an image instead of gray level distribution or joint statistics computed from gray levels of an image. For each gray level the corresponding spatial distribution is computed by considering spatial location of all pixels having the same gray level in histogram. From the spatial distribution of gray levels of an image entropy can be measured and create distribution which can be further mapped to uniform distribution function to achieve final contrast enhancement. This method achieves contrast enhancement of low contrast image without altering the image if the image’s contrast is high enough. This algorithm considers transform domain coefficient weighting to achieve global and local contrast enhancement of the image. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm produces better enhanced images than existing algorithms.
THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF HONEYBEE POISONING
Authors: Ratajac Radomir , Petrović Jelena , Kartalović Brankica , Stojanov Igor , Polaček Vladimir
Published: February 2022

This paper will discuss the most common causes of poisoning of honey bees and other pollinating insects that occur in the Republic of Serbia and the world as well. Some potential ways of pollinator exposure to different poisons and their intake will be described. The paper will also deal with the methods of testing and assessing toxicity of newly synthesized chemical substances and new formulations, classification of potential toxic substances according to their chemical characteristics and mechanism of action on the insects, symptoms of honeybee poisoning and risk assessment for the uses of pesticides. In the end, the paper will look into the methods of responsible use of pesticides and their toxicity in order to avoid bee poisoning.
Gestión del aprendizaje para la vida. Una visión holística fundamentada en el aprendizaje autónomo, la neuroeducación y el aprendizaje significativo
Authors: Altamar Liliana Maria Carvajalino , Colmenares Dianiris Aurora Rodríguez , Urdaneta Edith Lucía González
Published: February 2022

En el ser humano los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje se han desarrollado de distintas formas permitiendo que cada individuo adopte un estilo de aprendizaje particular desconociendo las diversas herramientas con las que puede llegar a construir el conocimiento y a potencializar sus habilidades a lo largo de su vida. Como objetivo fue planteado generar una aproximación teórica  para comprender la importancia que tiene la  gestión del aprendizaje como  una visión holística fundamentada en el aprendizaje autónomo, la neuroeducación y el aprendizaje significativo. La neuroeducación en el ámbito académico puede aportar al desarrollo efectivo de los procesos de aprendizaje para la innovación y  transformación de la práctica pedagógica para facilitar el aprendizaje de los educandos en pos de lograr su autonomía, de tal manera que pueda apropiarse de los conocimientos y los pueda llevar a la práctica para entender su entorno y aportar en éste significativamente. Metodología: El presente artículo concierne a una revisión  descriptiva lo que permitió realizar un  estudio detallado,  selectivo  y  crítico  con  relación  a  la  bibliografía publicada  respecto a las temáticas de estudio. Asimismo, se utilizó la técnica correspondiente a los métodos empíricos de investigación, seleccionando publicaciones de articulos y bibliotecas digitales, que sirvieron de base para construir nuevos conocimientos a partir de los descubiertos. Conclusiones: La gestión del aprendizaje permite que los estudiantes construyan a su propio ritmo el conocimiento por lo que es importante desarrollar e implementar un conjunto de estrategias orientadas a la formación de aprendices autónomos capaces de utilizar el pensamiento, la crítica imaginativa, propositiva y creativa para alcanzar su realización como individuos.
Identification of productive clusters in the blueberry cultivation (Vaccinium corymbosum) in central Chile
Authors: Mena Carlos , Ormazábal Yony , Cantillana Juan , Roco Lisandro
Published: February 2022

The understanding of the productive characteristics and tendencies of fruit producer’s territorial concentration can be explained starting from the singularities of the territory, the production techniques or the market conditions. This article analyzes the formation of clusters of blueberry producers in the Maule region in central Chile, based on the productive characteristics of the crops that include the technological levels, the age of the plantations and the size of the farms. For this, a two-step cluster analysis was performed to obtain homogeneous groups or conglomerates. The results obtained were analyzed in the ArcGIS software, using the Ripley K function, to determine their spatial concentration and to relate the spatial location of the orchards belonging to each cluster and their geographical distribution. The analysis indicates the existence of four clusters in the region, differing preferably by the sizes of the farms. The predominant technological level between the clusters identified is the intermediate, followed by the advanced. The clusters tend to generate spatial and geographic concentrations related with communication facilities and agroecological conditions (climate, soil, relief features). Results founded can improve focus of public efforts and private investments in the productive activity of blueberry cultivation.
DESARROLLO CONSTRUCTIVISTA Y EVALUACIÓN FORMATIVA DE LA COMPETENCIA PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO CON ORGANIZADORES GRÁFICOS/ENSAYO CON 4 GRUPOS DEL PRIMER SEMESTRE 2021
Authors: González Lesbia
Published: February 2022

Nuestra investigación cualitativa etnográfica se centra en el aula de clases de 4 grupos del primer semestre, tres de Psicología Social Comunitaria II y uno de Salud mental, a los cuales se les indicó realizar tres tareas basadas en organizadores gráficos: Mapa Conceptual, Cuadro sinóptico y además Ensayo Crítico; aplicando el concepto formativo de revisar borradores de cada alumno, para el logro de la competencia de pensamiento crítico; se logró que aprendieran a diferenciar un cuadro sinóptico de los mapas conceptuales y hacer ensayos críticos de su propia autoría al aplicar el programa Turnitin en este caso al 30% como máximo de similitud, a la vez debían en cada trabajo añadir párrafos de Consideraciones personales, hacer citas de otros autores que ellos debían investigar aparte de los ya dados en la Revista virtual del curso, así como Recomendaciones y Conclusiones, así además de aprender el contenido de la materia, lograr que desarrollasen el pensamiento crítico reflexivo esperado. El manejo formativo de los borradores logra que todos aprendan a realizar en sí mismos los organizadores, como el material académico y de ese proceso obtener que piensen de forma crítica y reflexiva.
Niveles de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes universitarios de grado
Authors: NÚÑEZ FIDALGO MARIA VIRTUDES , RODRIGUEZ ACOSTA AURORA
Published: February 2022

La comprensión lectora es una herramienta estratégica indispensable para el desarrollo de competencias inherentes al desarrollo intelectual propio de los universitarios como el análisis, la deducción, la comparación, la lectura inferencial de códigos y símbolos y la comprensión crítica y valorativa del discurso textual. En las carreras de humanidades, determinantes en las áreas comunicativas, lingüísticas, literarias y otros ámbitos como el psicológico, filosófico e histórico, resulta fundamental que los estudiantes dispongan de esas competencias para gestionar el conocimiento aprendido en textos académicos sin errores de comprensión y dominar las técnicas de una adecuada lectura inferencial y crítica. Con el objetivo de determinar los niveles de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes avanzados de Humanidades se realizó una investigación descriptiva, cuantitativa, no experimental, por medio de la aplicación de una prueba estandarizada. Los resultados preliminares indican similitudes con informes publicados en otros países. Los estudiantes presentan limitaciones de abstracción y síntesis, así como bajos niveles de comprensión lectora en todos los componentes y la ejecución de lectura crítica y valorativa. Al ser la comprensión lectora una competencia genérica, en las carreras de Humanidades se deberían incluir materias explícitas para la activación el desarrollo avanzado de la comprensión lectora. Además de potenciar el aprendizaje y proporcionar mejores recursos cognitivos y metacognitivos, la gestión eficiente de la lectura académica influirá sin duda en su desarrollo como profesionales de éxito en la sociedad del conocimiento.
An experience of international cooperation between Poland (EU) and Panama: case study
Authors: Kampczyk Arkadiusz , Dybel Katarzyna , Henriquez Felix , Mora Dafni , Guevara-Cedeño Jessica , Castillo Aris , Berbey-Alvarez Aranzazu
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a case study about an experience of international cooperation between Poland (European Union, EU) and Panama. The results obtained of this international collaboration have been two elements. The first element corresponds to representation of the AGH University of Science and Technology (Poland) like an active member of the International Editorial Committee Team Magazine Prisma Tecnológico. The second element corresponds to scientific research work including: realization, collection, conceptualisation, resources, description, analysis and making available of materials covering the state of the rail transport infrastructure and suprastructure like support to the Panama railway engineering research group at the Universidad Tecnologica de Panama. The authors present the results and discussion about this synergy between both universities. Finally, the conclusion and future research are presented.
Sistema de seguridad tecnológica para servidores Sage 50 y recursos colaborativos de la empresa Alta Tecnología Médica en la Ciudad de Panamá
Authors: Jimenez Zorrilla Irving Eduardo , Rivera José , Ramos Sánchez Erick
Published: February 2022

En procura de poner en práctica los conocimientos, habilidades y competencias adquiridas tanto en los estudios universitarios, como en el ejercicio profesional en los últimos años en los temas de análisis de seguridad de la información y basándonos en los pilares de la disponibilidad, integridad y confidencialidad, la presente investigación tuvo como propósito, detectar las vulnerabilidades a la que la empresa “Alta Tecnología Médica” ha estado expuesta por la falta de controles de seguridad, tanto físicos como lógicos. A través de reuniones, observaciones en sitio y de la herramienta de la lista de cotejo se pudo determinar que la empresa no cumplía con los requisitos mínimos necesarios para considerar que la información alojada en su servidor fuera considerada segura. También se pudo constatar que la empresa era incapaz de reaccionar de manera exitosa ante un evento. Por todo ello, al final de este trabajo se sugieren todos los cambios necesarios para alcanzar el nivel de seguridad apropiado en la seguridad de los datos.
Retrocaval ureter: a rare cause of intermittent right flank pain in a 37 years old lady
Authors: Shoaib Rafique
Published: February 2022

A 37 years old female presented with 6 months history of intermittent right flank pain. She was otherwise fit and had no other complaints. Her lab investigations were normal. Abdominal ultrsonography revealed moderate hydronephrosis and proximal hydroureter but no calculus. Retrograde ureteropyelography findings were consistent with the diagnosis of retrocaval ureter, a rare clinical condition. Surgical exploration confirmed the presence of right retrocaval ureter. The ureter was transected and transposed anterior to inferior vena cava and ureteropelvic anastomosis was performed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful.Keywords: Retrocaval ureter, hydronephrosis, ureter, ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
Pendidikan Global Dengan Berbagai Isu Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Saleh Indra Taupik , Husni Ahmad , Ruswandi Uus , Erihadiana Mohamad
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study was to find out how the ability to write job application letters for class XII students of SMK Negeri 2 Depok City in 2019-2020 and to find out whether cooperative learning with the Think-Pair-Share model could improve the ability to write cover letters for class XII students of SMK Negeri 2 Depok City. This study uses classroom action research (action research) in two rounds (cycles). Each round consists of four stages, namely: planning, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The target of this research is Class XII Computer Network Engineering (TKJ) SMK Negeri 2 Depok City in 2019-2020. The data obtained in the form of subjective test results and observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. The results show, class XII students of TKJ SMK Negeri 2 Depok City in 2019-2020 are able to write job applications. This can be seen from the average score of students' ability to write job application letters and student learning completeness in cycle I and cycle II has increased. The average score of students' ability to write job application letters in the first cycle was 72.77 and learning completeness reached 64.70%. The average score of students' ability to write job application letters in cycle II was 78.38 and learning completeness reached 85.29%. The application of the Think-Pair-Share model of cooperative learning has a positive influence on Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM). Think-Pair-Share model of cooperative learning can improve student learning outcomes. This is indicated by the average student answers stating that students are interested and interested in the Think-Pair-Share cooperative learning method so that they become motivated to learn.

Keywords: Writing Ability, Cooperative Learning, Think-Pair-Share Learning Model
Eksistensi dan Revitalisasi Pesantren di Era 4.0
Authors: Rindiani Ani , Nurwadjah EQ Ahmad , Suhartini Andewi
Published: February 2022

Pesantren is the oldest traditional Islamic educational institution in Indonesia. The rapid development of the current of globalization requires pesantren to make changes and developments in order to maintain their existence in society. This study aims to examine the revitalization of the existence of Islamic boarding schools in the 4.0 era by using the library research method, namely research conducted through data collection that is library in nature. The results of this study indicate that the existence of Islamic boarding schools still exists in the midst of globalization, which can be seen from several indicators, namely (1) Moral values ​​remain the guide and reference in all activities and become the main point of the education system developed in it. (2) as a functional educational institution, Islamic boarding schools are able to provide answers to various problems faced by the community. (3) the pesantren education system is quite anticipatory to the needs of the community, (4) Islamic boarding schools always modernize their education system by not only teaching religious sciences, but also teaching general subjects in the national education system. (5) modern pesantren education does not exclude technology education. (6) Islamic boarding school students are given lessons to solve problems in elegant and civilized ways. Efforts that can be developed in an effort to revitalize the existence of Islamic boarding schools include building digital literacy in Islamic boarding schools, and creating channels for Islamic studies.

Keywords: revitalization, pesantren, era 4.0
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Kepemimpinan Di Pondok Pesantren Modern Nurussalam Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Masruroh Siti , Suhartini Andewi , Ahmad EQ Nurwajah
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the mini-research on the Implementation of Leadership Values ​​at the Modern Nuruslam Islamic Boarding School, Karawang Regency, is to find out the process of leadership regeneration in the management of Islamic boarding schools, namely by holding Basic Student Leadership Training (LDKS) activities as an agenda that must be followed by all students of the Nuruslam Islamic Boarding School in Karawang Regency. With the Basic Santri Leadership Training program, as a means to explore the potential of students in developing leadership. Santri have the skills to become a leader/leader when plunged in the midst of society. Santri will be familiar with the activities carried out in Islamic boarding schools. The writing method is a qualitative method with data collection through interviews with ustadz and students of modern Nurusalam Islamic boarding schools, Karawang district.Keywords: Implementation, Modern Islamic Boarding School. LDKS
Perkembangan Kesenian Dzikir Saman di Desa Wanagiri Kecamatan Saketi Kabupaten Pandeglang Tahun 1998-2017
Authors: Oktaviani Andella , Maryuni Yuni , Putra Arif Permana
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is: (1) describing the history of the formation of Dzikir Saman art in Wanagiri Village, Saketi District of Pandeglang Regency, (2) describing the development of Dzikir Saman art in Wanagiri Village, Saketi District, Pandeglang Regency in 1998-2017, (3) describing community efforts in preserving Dzikir Saman art as intangible cultural heritage in Pandeglang. The study uses historical methods consisting of heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The theoretical approaches used are cultural theory and challenge theory and response (response) from Arnold Toynbee. The study took year limits between 1998-2017. In 1998 as the beginning of the development of Dzikir Saman art in Wanagiri Village and in 2017 Dzikir Saman art in Wanagiri Village was named as Intangible Cultural Heritage by the Ministry of Education. The results of the study revealed that the art of Dzikir Saman in Wanagiri Village began from a teaching of the sammaniyah order. This sammaniyah order is a well-known teaching in Sufi science brought by Syech Samman in the 18th century. Then in the development of Dzikir Saman art in Wanagiri Village experienced the addition of function, which initially this art was only presented in religious ceremonies only on the anniversary of the Prophet Muhammad's Maulid then saw the rapid development of the times, it became a challenge for the existence of Dzikir Saman art, finally the art of Dzikir Saman was presented also in the form of performing arts,  Then in its development also the art of Dzikir Saman Wanagiri Village was named as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017 by the Ministry of Education. Furthermore, there are preservation efforts carried out by Dzikir Saman art players, Pandeglang community and there is government carrying capacity, so that the existence of Dzikir Saman art continues to grow, these efforts include: (1) Dzikir Saman Wanagiri Village players do training every week even though this art is not staged, (2) pandeglang community always presents Dzikir Saman art in commemoration of Prophet Muhammad's Maulid,  Then there is the study of Dzikir Saman art by researchers which is one form of preservation in the field of education, (3) the existence of government carrying capacity is by presenting Dzikir Saman art in a series of Pandeglang cultural festival events.
Analisis Faktor Faktor Pertumbuhan Ekonomi
Authors: Putri Nurainun , Gunawan Ica , Wahyuni Indah , Suhairi Suhairi
Published: February 2022

An  important  indicator  of  the success  of  development  and  the progress  of  a country is determined by Economic Development. Indispensable in analyzing government spending as well as several other variables as a measure of long-term economic growth in a country. Even in a country can be said to be able or not in solving a country's economic problems can be seen from the macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects of a country itself. The method used in this writing is the literature review method. Literature review reviews the scientific literature on an and critically analyzes, topics, and synthesizes research findings, theory, and practice.  Economic  growth  is  a  change  that  is  quantitative  in  nature and  is usually measured using data on gross domestic product (GDP) or per capita production income at the previous year's real national level. the previous year's GDP variable had a positive effect on economic growth. This shows that the faster the convergence, the higher the economic growth.

Keywords: Economic Growth Factors, PDB, Government.
Analisis Manajemen Resiko Bisnis:
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Wibowo Andri , Selayan Asyaadatun Nazila , Nst Sakinah Jahrani
Published: February 2022

Small, Medium establishments or typically referred to as SME are also needed to guard themselves in competition, besides SME are also required to stand a few global demanding situations, in going through international demanding situations this will be performed by way of innovating products and services, and growing human sources and generation, also are wanted in terms of growing advertising regions. for that reason, hazard control is needed to count on or lessen the likelihood of these risks via studying risk management.

Keywords: business risk management, sme,
Pengaruh Perilaku Konsumtif Masyarakat terhadap Penggunaan Kartu Kredit
Authors: Hasibuan Anni Zuhro Syafrida , Nasution Arnando , Syahputra Rifandi , Aisah Siti
Published: February 2022

This review plans to decide the destructive conduct of the local area towards the utilization of Visas. The technique utilized in this review is a quantitative strategy with a populace of charge card proprietors in the city of Medan. The consequences of this review demonstrate the utilization of Mastercards joined by unnecessary utilization by metropolitan networks, particularly in Medan. The intentions of metropolitan networks in the utilization of charge cards are adequacy and effectiveness as well as based on way of life and sign of societal position.

Keywords: Consumptive, Credit Card
İMAM HATİP LİSELERİNİN TOPLUMA KATKILARI
Authors: ÖZ Nedim
Published: February 2022

Toplumların devamlılığı için eğitimin kaçınılmaz oluşu insanların eğitim kurumlarıyla yakından ilgilenmesini sağlamıştır. Bu kurumlardan biri de dinî eğitim veren İmam Hatip okullarıdır. 1924-1950 yılları arasında yaşanan olumsuzlukların ardından açılan ve dinî eğitimi yeniden başlatan bu okullar, cenazeleri kaldırma ve meslek elemanı yetiştirme gibi toplumun temel ihtiyaçlarını gidermişlerdir. Zira ülkemizde 1933-1949 yılları arasında din eğitimine yer verilmemesi toplumun bu tarz temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılayamamasına neden olmuştur. Şiddetin ve terörün yoğun olduğu bir dünyada yaşayan insan, güvenli bir ortam arayışındadır. İmam Hatip okullarının, hoşgörüye, paylaşmaya dayalı müfredatı ve eğitimi, bu açıdan oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmamızda İmam Hatip okullarının, dinini bilen ve meslek elemanı yetiştirme ikili fonksiyonu doğrultusunda şiddetten uzak, akli ve nakli ilimleri birlikte tedris eden özgünlüğü ile başka ülkelere model olması ve istihdam alanları, doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle analiz edilmektedir. Amacımız, bu eğitim kurumlarının topluma katkısını ve ne tür bir boşluğu doldurduğunu tespit etmektir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar itibariyle bu kurumlar, DEAŞ, FETÖ, el-Kaide, vb. örgütlerinde görüldüğü gibi çatışmaya kaynaklık etmemekte ve ülkemiz için bir güvenlik sorunu oluşturmamaktadır. Aksine halkın kaynaşmasına katkı sağlamakta, yeni istihdam alanları açması yönüyle de eğitimde özgün bir model ortaya koyduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Turkish Version of The Experience of Cognitive Intrusion of Pain Scale (ECIPS): Validity and Reliability Study Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: MERCAN Neşe , AYHAN Didem , DOĞAN Reyhan , YÜKSEL Çiğdem
Published: February 2022

Cognitive intrusion is a critical characteristic of pain. The aim of the present study was to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Experience of Cognitive Intrusion of Pain Scale developed by Attridge et al. in 2015. This methodological study conducted in the hematology clinic of an educational research hospital between February 2018 and June 2018 included 120 patients aged between 18 and 65 years. The study data were collected with the Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Experience of Cognitive Intrusion of Pain Scale (ECIPS). The Cronbach’s α coefficient of ECIPS was 0.96 and item-total correlation coefficients ranged between 0.79 - 0.89 (p < 0.01) and factor loadings were ranged between 0.82 - 0.91. ECIPS had a very strong correlation with PCS (r = 0.835, p < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale has good fit in revealing a single-factor structure. Item analysis, internal consistency, test-retest, face, criterion, construct validity and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the Turkish version of the ECIPS was a valid and reliable tool and could be used to assess the level of cognitive intrusion of pain.
Teacher educators’ perspectives on shaping a preschool teacher education while dealing with internal and external demands
Authors: Ribaeus Katarina , Löfdahl Hultman Annica
Published: February 2022

Being a teacher educator (TE) of today is often described as a complex task. TEs have to deal with internal demands from students, colleagues and leaders and with external demands from state authorities when shaping the education programme in which they teach. The present article focuses on TEs in Swedish preschool teacher education and aims to explore how commitment to and demands, inside and outside the higher education system, are handled and reflected upon, specifically the demands on considering student-centred learning. Results from interviews with 10 TEs show a perceived lack of support from the faculty board and its office and how colleagues contribute to tensions but also are perceived as supportive colleagues to learn from. Results also show the TEs’ efforts to overcome less desirable traditions. The combined results show how TEs are part of webs of commitments regarded as related fields and threads dependent on each other rather than separate parts, making the web/teacher education programme fragile. If any part breaks, the whole programme will be damaged. The discussion relates to how to overcome traditions and making actors in the programme shape a future-directed good education together.
Manejo ortopédico prequirúrgico de labio y paladar hendido unilateral: Reporte de casos con diferentes abordajes
Authors: Arteaga Vilma , Pannaci Teresita , Hinostroza Flores Manuel , Brache Giancarlo
Published: February 2022

Pese a los avances de cirugía reconstructiva, el labio y paladara hendido unilateral (LPHU) representa un reto quirúrgico complejo cuando la brecha es mayor a 10 mm.  En países de recursos limitados, la distancia geográfica, falta de centros de referencia multidisciplinarios, recursos económicos de las familias y actualmente, la pandemia; limita el acceso de pacientes al tratamiento prequirúrgico.  El presente estudio descriptivo reporta 2 casos de LPHU completo, de similar tamaño por inspección visual profesional, sexo masculino, no asociados a síndrome. El propósito del mismo es hacer una revisión de dos técnicas de ortopedia prequirúrgica:  Placa de Ortopedia Funcional Maxilar (OFM)-Moldeado Nasal (MN); y el Retractor Nasal (RN)-Taping, como alternativa de tratamiento a distancia.  El paciente con placa OFM-MN fue tratado en el 2015, presencial, el paciente con RN-Taping, en el 2021 por telemedicina y un promotor de salud capacitado.  Los resultados de simetría nasal y maxilar se midieron con software ImageJ, a través de 4 mediciones lineales y una angular, basadas en el método descrito por Barillas y de mediciones lineales realizadas a los modelos de yeso como las propuestas por Mazaheri. Las técnicas descritas para ambos pacientes lograron disminuir el ancho de la hendidura y moldear el cartílago alar del lado hendido. 

La técnica OFM-MN mostró ventajas en el desarrollo del arco maxilar promoviendo aumento de volumen de hueso y desarrollo en los tres planos del espacio sin colapso del arco.  La técnica RN-Taping, restringió el arco maxilar, sin embargo podría ser una alternativa de tratamiento a distancia.
A Benefit-Cost Analysis of Ten Street Tree Species in Modesto, California, U.S.
Authors: McPherson E. Gregory
Published: February 2022

Tree work records for ten species were analyzed to estimate average annual management costs by dbh class for six activity areas. Average annual benefits were calculated by dbh class for each species with computer modeling. Average annual net benefits per tree were greatest for London plane(Platanus acerifolia)($178.57), hackberry(Celtis sinensis)($148.42), and Modesto ash (Fraxinus velutina‘Modesto’) ($126.16) and least for pear (Pyrus calleryanacvs.) ($33.65), pistache(Pistacia chinensis)($64.98), and camphor(Cinnamomum camphora)($71.36). Benefit-cost ratios (BCRs) were greatest for plane (24.3:1), ginkgo (7.4:1), and camphor (7.3:1). Species with the lowest BCRs were sweetgum(Liquidambar styraciflua)(2.4:1), pear (2.6:1), and pistache (3.3:1). Aging of sweetgum and Modesto ash will result in reduced net benefits because BCRs decreased once trees reached the 46 cm dbh class. Uses of benefit-cost data to increase future net benefits are discussed.
Residential Landscaping in Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.: Practices and Preferences Relative to Covenants, Codes, and Restrictions
Authors: Martin Chris A. , Peterson Kathleen A. , Stabler Linda B.
Published: February 2022

In the Phoenix, Arizona, U.S., metropolitan area, community associations with legally binding covenants, codes, and restrictions (CC&Rs) impose limitations on landscaping activities in many new neighborhood residential communities. Studies were conducted in the Phoenix area to develop an understanding of residential homeowner landscape preferences and practices and how they might be impacted by CC&Rs. Residential yards in communities with CC&Rs controlling landscape activity had fewer trees, more shrubs and groundcovers, and less turf coverage than did landscapes in communities without CC&Rs. More homeowners identified their front yard landscapes as being a desert design type rather than an oasis or mesic design, with the percentage higher for homeowners living in neighborhoods with CC&Rs than for those in neighborhoods without CC&Rs. More homeowners preferred an oasis landscape design type to either desert or mesic designs, and roughly 70% of homeowners preferred a landscape design type that had at least some lawn area. More Arizona natives preferred mesic landscapes than did domestic migrants. Homeowners cited ease of maintenance and landscape aesthetics as the two most important traits for their landscape. These findings reflect the increasing influence and importance of desert landscape design in the U.S. Southwest as a contemporary landscape design style in urban areas bridled by an arid climate and suggests that the emergent popularity of desert landscaping in Phoenix is predominately a top-down social phenomenon directed by public and private interest groups for residential homeowner use.
Invasive Plants and the Green Industry
Authors: Harrington Robin A. , Kujawski Ronald , P. Ryan H. Dennis
Published: February 2022

There are many motivations for introducing plant species to areas outside their native range. Non-native plants can provide food, medicine, shelter, and ecosystem services, as well as aesthetic value. However, some species, such as Norway maple(Acer platanoides), Japanese barberry(Berberis thunbergii), and Oriental bittersweet(Celastrus orbiculatus), have escaped from cultivation, with severe ecological and economic consequences. The approval of a National Invasive Species Management Plan in June 2001 has major implications for future plant introductions and has generated concern in the green industry. There is general agreement among plant professionals regarding (1) a need for education of industry people and client groups on the issue of invasive species, (2) minimizing economic disruption to the nursery industry, and (3) requirements for objective data to support listing of species as invasive. Nursery and landscape associations in several states have already taken steps toward listing invasive species in cooperation with conservation organizations. This proactive approach ensures industry representation and input in developing policy and, when coupled with intense and ongoing educational programs for industry people and their clients, could dramatically reduce the introduction and spread of invasive species.
Sustaining Urban Forests
Authors: Dwyer John F. , Nowak David J. , Noble Mary Heather
Published: February 2022

The significance of the urban forest resource and the powerful forces for change in the urban environment make sustainability a critical issue in urban forest management. The diversity, connectedness, and dynamics of the urban forest establish the context for management that will determine the sustainability of forest structure, health, functions, and benefits. A dynamic planning and management model is presented that encourages decisions that will support sustainability through the implementation of collaborative and adaptive management.
Foliar Salt Tolerance ofAcerGenotypes Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence
Authors: Percival Glynn C. , Fraser Gillian A. , Oxenham Gavin
Published: February 2022

The effect of increasing salinity on a range of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in foliar tissue of 30Acergenotypes was examined. The magnitude of the fluorescence responses differed among genotypes ranging from minor effects to substantial leaf tissue damage. Interpretation of the fluorescence expressions provided an insight into mechanisms of salt damage and resilience among genotypes. Based on reductions in a performance index (PIp) following salinity, genotypes were ranked in order from tolerant to sensitive. Based on this ranking criterion, marked differences in salt tolerance among genotypes were distinguished. It is concluded that chlorophyll fluorescence offers a rapid screening technique for assessing the foliar salinity tolerance of urban trees.
Application and Comparison of Three Tomographic Techniques for Detection of Decay in Trees
Authors: Nicolotti G. , Socco L.V. , Martinis R. , Godio A. , Sambuelli L.
Published: February 2022

This paper reports application of electric, ultrasonic, and georadar tomography for detection of decay in trees and their comparison with the traditional penetrometer. Their feasibility in arboriculture is also evaluated, critically considering some "open problems." The experiments were carried out in an urban environment on two plane (Platanus hybrida Brot.) trees. Both trees, after felling, showed extensive white rot in the central cylinder. The electric tomography revealed low resistivity zones roughly centered in the trunk. A comparison with the successively cut sections showed a fine correspondence to decayed areas and a strong correspondence between high moisture zones and low resistivity zones. Ultrasonic tomography demonstrated to be a very effective tool for the detection of internal decay, accurately locating the position of the anomalies and estimating their size, shape, and characteristic in terms of mechanical properties. With the georadar technique, the high contrast of electromagnetic impedance measured between the inner decayed section and the outside sound section allowed the detection of the interface between the sound and decayed section of the tree, using radar acquisition in reflection modality. The penetrometer profiles detected the low-resistance areas inside the two trunks.
Effects of Combined Nutrient and Water Stress on the Growth ofHopea odorataRoxb. andMimusops elengiLinn. Seedlings
Authors: Zainudin Siti Rubiah , Awang Kamis , Hanif Ahmad Husni bin Mohd.
Published: February 2022

The growth ofHopea odorataandMimusops elengiseedlings under drought and various fertilization rates under nursery conditions was investigated. BothH. odorataandM. elengiseedlings responded differently to fertilizer application and drought. Application of slow-release fertilizer (Best Tab, 20:10; 5 NPK) at 30 and 50 g promoted greater height growth forH. odorataandM. elengiseedlings, respectively.M. elengiseedlings were able to tolerate high fertilizer application (50 g), but the resulting form (small trunk diameter and excessive height) was not suitable for urban planting. Growth ofH. odorataseedlings was greatly promoted through application of 30 g of fertilizer under well-watered conditions, resulting in a much more balanced growth in terms of shoot and root ratio, which is vital for plants growing in the harsh urban environment where competition for water and nutrients is usually intense.