bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Oil Recovery With Specialized Nanoparticles by Controlling Formation-Fines Migration at Their Sources in Waterflooding Reservoirs
Authors: Huang Tianping (Tim) , Clark David E.
Published: April 2015

Waterflooding is a conventional improved-oil-recovery method. When water flows into pores of the media in formations occupied by hydrocarbons, clays and other formation fines are released and flow with the injection water. The released formation particles can accumulate and plug the pore throats in the flow channels, causing lower water sweep efficiency and reduced oil recovery. The solution to this problem is adding additives into the injection water to stabilize formation clays and fine particles at their sources during waterflooding operations.

Recent studies and field applications have confirmed that some inorganic nanoparticles can efficiently control formation-fines migration in proppant fractures by coating the nanoparticles onto the proppants in hydraulic-fracturing and frac-pack applications. The nanoparticles have significantly high surface forces, including van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces, to attach themselves to the surface of commonly used proppants. The nanoparticles that adhere to the proppants adsorb migrating formation fines onto the proppant surface as the fines flow into the fracture.

This paper provides detailed laboratory evaluations of the use of the same nanoparticles to enhance oil recovery by stabilizing formation clays and fines in waterflooding operations. As water drives hydrocarbons toward producers, the nanoparticles fix the formation fines at their sources in the water flow channels. When the water breakthrough happens at producers, fewer fines accumulate at the near-wellbore region of producers to choke the production of hydrocarbons, and the water sweep efficiency is increased. Laboratory tests show that the effluent of a sandpack containing nanoparticles is cleaner than a pack containing no nanoparticles, and the pressure drop across the sandpack containing nanoparticles is less than that for a pack containing no nanoparticles under the same flow rate of 5%KCl and the same sand composition.
Actual and Optimal Hydraulic-Fracture Design in a Tight Gas Reservoir
Authors: Pang W.. , Du J.. , Zhang T.. , Ehlig-Economides C. A.
Published: April 2015

Designing hydraulic-fracture stimulation to optimize well productivity requires a carrier fluid with a suitable leakoff coefficient and knowledge of the initial reservoir pressure and permeability, the closure-stress magnitudes in the reservoir and in the bounding formations, and rock properties such as the Young’s modulus and the Poisson’s ratio, which can be determined from cores. When key parameters are left unknown, the hydraulic-fracture stimulation is likely to be severely suboptimal.

This study integrates pressure-buildup and production transient analyses with microseismic surveys and the recorded pumping schedule to estimate the aforementioned parameters in previously fractured wells in a tight gas reservoir that have been on production for up to 8.5 years.

The first well drilled and completed in the block included a pressure-buildup test that enabled accurate estimation of the initial reservoir pressure and permeability. A post-fracture buildup test was also conducted, and annual pressure-buildup tests in the subsequent 6 years showed continuous changes in the fracture morphology, with fracture conductivity decreasing by a factor of three and fracture length increasing by approximately 50%. Many of the subsequent wells were drilled in two patterned well clusters, each designed to account for fracture-propagation behavior indicated from a microseismic survey. A comparison with an optimal hydraulic-fracture design that was intended to maximize well productivity indicates that most of the well stimulations were suboptimal, with rate and cumulative production approximately one-half that of an optimized design on the basis of the same proppant mass.

The observed changes in fracture conductivity and length over time were not anticipated. Because such data are rarely recorded, the variations in fracture morphology may be fairly typical and should be of considerable interest to pressure-transient analysts. The production-data analysis shows the difficulties in determining formation and fracture parameters when the transient response lacks radial flow. The fracture-treatment analysis shows a comparison between the actual fracture treatment and one designed to maximize well productivity, and clearly illustrates the potential for well improvement through the use of modern hydraulic-fracture-design principles.
Safety Considerations for High-Pressure Air Injection Into Light-Oil Reservoirs and Performance of the Holt Sand Unit Project
Authors: Fassihi M. R. , Moore R. G. , Mehta S. A. , Ursenbach M. G.
Published: April 2015

The presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the injection and production streams of any high-pressure-air-injection (HPAI) project or the high oxygen partial pressures associated with enriched-air-/oxygen-injection projects may create serious safety concerns such as the potential for explosion or corrosion. Compilation of field problems and reported solutions from such projects indicate that no insurmountable problems exist in the implementation of HPAI projects. Generally, the operators have implemented safe operations successfully when injecting at pressures as high as 6,000 psi. The long-term successes of the HPAI projects in the Williston basin, which were initiated in 1978 by Koch Industries and continue to be operated today by Continental Resources, have confirmed that HPAI is a viable and safe process for recovering light oils.

A number of oilfield oxygen-injection projects have also been undertaken since the early 1980s, when Greenwich Oil operated the first oxygen-injection project at Forest Hills, Texas. In Canada during the 1980s, oxygen was injected by BP/AOSTRA at Marguerite Lake, by Dome Petroleum at Lindberg, by Husky Energy at Golden Lake, by Mobil Oil at Fosterton, and by Gulf Canada at Pelican. In the US, oxygen-injection pilots were operated by Arco in the Holt Sand Unit (HSU), Texas, and more recently by NiMin Energy at Pleito Creek, California.

With increased oxygen partial pressure, there is a greater chance of safety or corrosion problems. In fact, the high oxygen content associated with the HSU project in west Texas caused a severe energy release that resulted in test termination. The reported data on this field are scarce, and the nature of the energy release has not been discussed in detail.

This paper will first review the operational aspects of some key air-injection field tests. Then, some important details on the HSU oxygen-injection pilot test will be discussed as a case study. The reasons behind the energy release in the HSU project will be discussed by use of the surveillance data, as well as combustion-tube-test and numerical-modeling results. Finally, best practices for future operation of HPAI tests will be reviewed. This paper is intended to provide a better understanding of the safety aspects of air/oxygen handling and proper practices in such operations.
Analysis of extreme flooding events through a calibrated 1D/2D coupled model: the case of Barcelona (Spain)
Authors: Russo Beniamino , Sunyer David , Velasco Marc , Djordjević Slobodan
Published: April 2015

This paper presents the results of a calibrated 1D/2D coupled model simulating surface and sewer flows in Barcelona. The model covers 44 km2 of the city land involving 241 km of sewers. It was developed in order to assess the flood hazard in the Raval district, historically affected by flooding during heavy rainfalls. Special attention was paid to the hydraulic characterization of the inlet systems (representing the interface between surface and underground flows), through experimental expressions used to estimate the effective runoff flows into the sewers in case of storms. A 2D unstructured mesh with more than 400,000 cells was created on the basis of a detailed digital terrain model. The model was calibrated and validated using four sets of well-recorded flooding events that occurred in 2011. The aim of this paper is to show how a detailed 1D/2D coupled model can be adequately calibrated and validated using a wide set of sewer sensors and post-event collected data (videos, photos, emergency reports, etc.). Moreover, the created model presents significant computational time savings via parallel processing and hardware configuration. Considering the computational performances achieved, the model can be used for real-time strategies and as the core of early warning systems.
Comparison of different radar-raingauge rainfall merging techniques
Authors: Nanding Nergui , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel , Han Dawei
Published: April 2015

The improvement of precipitation estimation with the use of radar-raingauge rainfall merging techniques is influenced by several factors, such as topography, storm types, raingauge network density for adjustment, data quality and the rainfall accumulation time. However, the influence of the raingauge network configuration on the performance of radar-raingauge merging methods is often ignored. The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the performance of different radar-raingauge merging methods on various densities of raingauge network and raingauge network configurations. The analysis of the effect of the raingauge network density shows that the performance of Kriging merging methods increases with the increase of raingauge network density. The results also showed that the influence of raingauge network configuration on the spatial distribution of precipitation of the merged products is relatively smaller for the Kriging with radar-based error correction (KRE) and Kriging with external drift (KED) methods than for the ordinary Kriging method. This indicates that the inclusion of radar data in the KRE and KED methods helps to maintain the spatial distribution of precipitation on an hourly timescale. According to the statistical performance indicators and visual inspection of the merged rainfall fields, the KED outperforms the other radar-raingauge merging techniques, regardless of raingauge network density and configuration.
Magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection in a lid-driven rectangular enclosure partially heated at the bottom and cooled at the top
Authors: Ogut Elif
Published: April 2015

In the present study, numerical simulation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed
convection heat transfer and fluid flow has been analyzed in a lid-driven
enclosure provided with a constant flux heater. Governing equations were
solved via differential quadrature (DQ) method. Moving wall of the enclosure
has constant temperature and speed. The calculations were performed for
different Richardson number ranging from 0.1 to 10, constant heat flux heater
length from 0.2 to 0.8, location of heater center from 0.1 to 0.9, Hartmann
number from 0 to 100 and aspect ratio from 0.5 to 2. Two different magnetic
field directions were tested as vertical and horizontal. It was found that
results of DQ method show good agreement with the results of literature. The
magnetic field was more effective when it applied horizontally than that of
vertical way. In both direction of magnetic field, it reduced the flow
strength and heat transfer. Thus, it can be used as an important control
parameter for heat and fluid flow.
Toll-Like Receptor 3 Influences Glucose Homeostasis and β-Cell Insulin Secretion
Authors: Strodthoff Daniela , Ma Zuheng , Wirström Tina , Strawbridge Rona J. , Ketelhuth Daniel F.J. , Engel David , Clarke Robert , Falkmer Sture , Hamsten Anders , Hansson Göran K. , Björklund Anneli , Lundberg Anna M.
Published: April 2015

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. We examined the function of TLR3 in glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes–related phenotypes in animals and humans. TLR3 is highly expressed in the pancreas, suggesting that it can influence metabolism. Using a diet-induced obesity model, we show that TLR3-deficient mice had enhanced glycemic control, facilitated by elevated insulin secretion. Despite having high insulin levels, Tlr3−/− mice did not experience disturbances in whole-body insulin sensitivity, suggesting that they have a robust metabolic system that manages increased insulin secretion. Increase in insulin secretion was associated with upregulation of islet glucose phosphorylation as well as exocytotic protein VAMP-2 in Tlr3−/− islets. TLR3 deficiency also modified the plasma lipid profile, decreasing VLDL levels due to decreased triglyceride biosynthesis. Moreover, a meta-analysis of two healthy human populations showed that a missense single nucleotide polymorphism in TLR3 (encoding L412F) was linked to elevated insulin levels, consistent with our experimental findings. In conclusion, our results increase the understanding of the function of innate receptors in metabolic disorders and implicate TLR3 as a key control system in metabolic regulation.
Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 Terminates cAMP Signaling by an Evolutionarily Conserved Negative-Feedback Loop in β-Cells
Authors: Kim Min-Jung , Park Su-Kyung , Lee Ji-Hyun , Jung Chang-Yun , Sung Dong Jun , Park Jae-Hyung , Yoon Young-Sil , Park Jinyoung , Park Keun-Gyu , Song Dae-Kyu , Cho Hana , Kim Seong-Tae , Koo Seung-Hoi
Published: April 2015

Pancreatic β-cells are critical in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by controlled secretion of insulin in mammals. Activation of protein kinase A by cAMP is shown to be responsible for enhancing this pathway, which is countered by phosphodiesterase (PDE) that converts cAMP to AMP and turns off the signal. Salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) were also known to inhibit cAMP signaling, mostly by promoting inhibitory phosphorylation on CREB-regulated transcription coactivators. Here, we showed that SIK1 regulates insulin secretion in β-cells by modulating PDE4D and cAMP concentrations. Haploinsufficiency of SIK1 led to the improved glucose tolerance due to the increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Depletion of SIK1 promoted higher cAMP concentration and increased insulin secretion from primary islets, suggesting that SIK1 controls insulin secretion through the regulation of cAMP signaling. By using a consensus phosphorylation site of SIK1, we identified PDE4D as a new substrate for this kinase family. In vitro kinase assay as well as mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the predicted Ser136 and the adjacent Ser141 of PDE4D are critical in SIK1-mediated phosphorylation. We found that overexpression of either SIK1 or PDE4D in β-cells reduced insulin secretion, while inhibition of PDE4 activity by rolipram or knockdown of PDE4D restored it, showing indeed that SIK1-dependent phosphorylation of PDE4D is critical in reducing cAMP concentration and insulin secretion from β-cells. Taken together, we propose that SIK1 serves as a part of a self-regulatory circuit to modulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells by controlling cAMP concentration through modulation of PDE4D activity.
Irreducibility Criteria for Compositions and Multiplicative Convolutions of Polynomials with Integer Coefficients
Authors: Bonciocat Anca Iuliana , Bonciocat Nicolae Ciprian , Cipu Mihai
Published: April 2015

We provide irreducibility criteria for multiplicative convolutions of polynomials with integer coefficients, that is, for polynomials of the form hdeg f · f(g/h), where f, g, h are polynomials with integer coefficients, and g and h are relatively prime. The irreducibility conditions are expressed in terms of the prime factorization of the leading coefficient of the polynomial hdeg f
· f(g/h), the degrees of f, g, h, and the absolute values of their coefficients. In particular, by letting h = 1 we obtain irreducibility conditions for compositions of polynomials with integer coefficients.
On Certain Proximities and Preorderings on the Transposition Hypergroups of Linear First-Order Partial Differential Operators
Authors: Chvalina Jan , Hošková-Mayerová Šárka
Published: April 2015

The contribution aims to create hypergroups of linear first-order partial differential operators with proximities, one of which creates a tolerance semigroup on the power set of the mentioned differential operators. Constructions of investigated hypergroups are based on the so called “Ends-Lemma” applied on ordered groups of differnetial operators. Moreover, there is also obtained a regularly preordered transpositions hypergroup of considered partial differntial operators.
Construction of the Smallest Common Coarser of Two and Three Set Partitions
Authors: Potůček Radovan
Published: April 2015

This paper is inspired by a text of the book [7] (“úvod do algebry” in Czech, “Introduction to Algebra” in English) of the authors Ladislav Kosmák and Radovan Potůček. They followed the great work of Professor Otakar Borůvka in the field of the partition theory, groupoids and groups and gave them in the context to contemporary modern algebra. Academian Boruvka have deduced and proved many results concerning the partition theory in his publications.

His first works [1] and [2] were published during World War II and his monographs [3] and [4] were released in the post-war years.

In this paper we deal with a construction of the smallest common coarser of two set partitions associated with equivalence relations, we give a special relation used in the construction and an illustration of blocks of this coarser.
Infinitely Many Precomplete with Respect to Parametric Expressibility Classes of Formulas in a Provability Logic of Propositions
Authors: Rusu Andrei
Published: April 2015

In the present paper we consider a non-tabular extension L of the well-known propositional provability logic GL together with the notion of parametric expressibility of formulas in a logic proposed by A. V. Kuznetsov. We prove that there are infinitely many precomplete with respect to parametric expressibility classes of formulas in the above mentioned logic L.
On the Factorization of Polynomials Over Discrete Valuation Domains
Authors: Ştefănescu Doru
Published: April 2015

We study some factorization properties for univariate polynomials with coefficients in a discrete valuation domain (A,v). We use some properties of the Newton index of a polynomial

F

(
X
)

=

∑

i
=
0

d

a
i

X

d
-
i

∈
 
A

[
X
]

to deduce conditions on v(ai
) that allow us to find some information on the degree of the factors of F.
Known Results and Open Problems in Hypercomplex Convexity
Authors: Zelinskii Yuri
Published: April 2015

A subject, which is treated in this review, combines in one bundle some questions of convex, hypercomplex analysis, probability theory and geometry.
Hydrocolloids and Cryoprotectant used in Frozen Dough and Effect of Freezing on Yeast Survival and Dough Structure: A Review
Authors: Akbarian Mina , Dehkordi Mohammad Sadegh Mardanian , Ghasemkhani Nila , Koladoozi Mahdis , Niknam Omid , Morshedi Afsaneh
Published: April 2015

Advantages of freezing of dough are reduction of losses caused by aging of products. But freezing deteriorates the baking quality of frozen bread dough. These include gradual loss of the dough strength, reduced yeast activity and deterioration in the texture of the final product. The negative effects of freezing and defrosting of dough can be reduced by incorporating hydrocolloids in dough. Furthermore Biogenic ice nucleators, such as extracellular ice nucleators (ECINs) isolated from Erwinia herbicola, are a group of lipoglyco proteinsthat has been demonstrated to minimize the supercooling. Ice nucleation materials function as heterogeneous ice nucleators to minimize the supercooling of water. Mechanism of cryoprotective effects from extracellular ice nucleators was possibly that ECINs helped in preserving the viability of yeast cells during freeze/thaw cycles. At the end of this study we reviewed the ultrasound-assisted freezing; this method can improve the quality of frozen food without the need for additional additives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i3.12439 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (3): 2015; 1-7
Exploring the Multi-trait Plant Growth Promotion Capability of Commercial Liquid Biofertilizers Isolates
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Faisal , Tipre Devayani R. , Dave Shailesh R.
Published: April 2015

Organic farming is gaining popularity where bio-inoculants could play a key role in promoting the growth of plants. The liquid biofertilizers concept is new to farmers and developed recently. Lots of liquid biofertilizers formulations and field efficiency were shown in the past by various researchers, but the plant growth promoting (PGP) efficiency of the liquid biofertilizers isolates were not reported till date. In the present work 6 different commercially available liquid biofertilizers were used to isolate the organism. These isolated cultures were used to study their PGP efficiency with respect to phosphate solubilization and production of EPS, IAA, siderophore, ammonia, chitinase, ACC-deaminase and HCN. The phosphate solubilization was shown up to 303 g/ml by APS isolate. EPS production was shown by using different C sources and production up to 24 g/l was shown by studied isolated. Most of the organisms studied were able to produce IAA and highest production was shown up to 20 g/ml. More than 65% studied isolates showed siderophore and ACC-deaminase production. The present study shows that the commercial liquid biofertilizer isolates possess multiple traits of plant growth promotion. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i3.12463   International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (3): 2015; 24-37
Prevalence and Severity of Leaf Blight Disease of Chrysanthemum in Southern regions of Karnataka and in-vitro Fungicidal Effect on Alternaria alternata
Authors: Shamala G. , Janardhana G. R.
Published: April 2015

Chrysanthemum is one of the commercially important flower crop with great potential both as loose and cut flowers in Karnataka state. In the present study, prevalence and incidence of leaf blight disease was studied in six major growing districts of South Karnataka during 2012 - 2013. The pathogen associated with leaf blight disease was isolated and identified as Alternaria alternata. The study revealed that, the disease was distributed in Southern districts of Karnataka wherever Chrysanthemum is grown. The varieties Chandini and Karnel were more susceptible to blight showing highest disease incidence (100%) and severity (100%) recorded from Mandya and Mysore regions. The lowest disease incidence, severity and PDI of 18.40%, 38.68% and 24.89% were recorded on Rajawhite variety in Bangalore region. During 2013, the highest disease incidence, severity and PDI with 100%, 98.47%, and 45.71% were recorded in Mysore district on Chandini variety. In vitro evaluation of four fungicides on Alternaria alternata revealed that Carbendazim+Mancozeb was most effective with 95.65% inhibition followed by Carbendazim, Mancozeb and Metalaxyl+Mancozeb with 68.26%, 91.30% and 91.30% inhibition of the mycelium at 2.0% concentration.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i3.12465   International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (3): 2015; 38-45
Phase equilibria investigations and thermodynamic modeling of the PbO–Al2O3 system
Authors: Oudich Fayssal , David Nicolas , Vilasi Michel
Published: April 2015

The PbO–Al2O3 system has been extensively studied in literature. In the present study, experimental work was conducted in which equilibria between phases were investigated under air between 600°C and 800°C by X-ray diffraction. Three intermediate compounds reported in literature were confirmed, which are PbAl12O19 (1PbO:6Al2O3), PbAl2O4 (1:1) and Pb2Al2O5 (2:1). Results support a widely accepted version of the phase diagram in which these compounds exist. On the basis of the results obtained in this study and data considered from literature, a thermodynamic modeling according to the Calphad approach was performed, where all intermediate phases were considered as stoichiometric compounds and where the liquid phase was described by a two-sublattice ionic liquid model. Good agreement has been obtained from thermodynamic optimization in comparison with experimental results.
Du trauma à la passion : quand le corps se fait question
Authors: Le Poulichet Sylvie
Published: April 2015

Pour des adolescents dont l’histoire est marquée par de nombreux traumas dès la naissance, il arrive qu’une entrée en Passion – par analogie avec les souffrances du Christ avant et pendant sa crucifixion – constitue une solution. À travers le cas clinique d’une adolescente anorexique, ce texte montre comment la mise en Passion des traumas permet de mettre en scène l’histoire de morts réelles ou annoncées et comment le corps se fait question à l’autre, réouvrant la question fondamentale du désir.
Variations de la passion chez des adolescentes
Authors: Mazoyer Anne-Valérie
Published: April 2015

Celle qui subit l’épreuve de la passion veut croire à l’affirmation de son identité féminine, pour autant qu’il ne s’agisse pas d’une récréation, c’est-à-dire d’une échappatoire. Les effets de la passion motivent nombre d’appels au clinicien, non pas pour y remédier (la calmer ni la raviver, la condamner ni la cautionner) mais pour que son dispositif et son éthique permettent au sujet-femme d’accéder à une identité féminine, qui ne se confonde pas avec du maternel.
La passion de l’ennui
Authors: Estellon Vincent
Published: April 2015

À partir de la présentation clinique d’un post-adolescent solitaire, peu enclin aux convenances sociales, sont dégagées un certain nombre de caractéristiques de l’ennui à l’adolescence. Des formes ordinaires de l’ennui jusqu’à l’ennui « symptôme », sont mises en relief, du point de vue du fonctionnement psychique de l’adolescent, certaines utilisations tant fécondes que psychopathologiques de l’ennui.
Lauren
Authors: Benyamin Mickael
Published: April 2015

La passion amicale à l’adolescence est ici envisagée sous une double valence, positive et négative. Le conflit narcissico-objectal propre à l’adolescence entre en résonance avec le processus de l’adolescence et la passion peut se révéler étayante et organisatrice versus désorganisante et entravante. Le débordement quantitatif qu’elle impose à l’appareil psychique demande une adaptation de la technique de psychothérapie psychanalytique à destination des adolescents.
Les pluralia tantum sous l’angle du collectif
Authors: Lammert Marie
Published: April 2015

Les pluralia tantum ou pluriels lexicalisés sont parfois considérés comme des noms collectifs ou simplement qualifiés de « collectifs » dans la littérature qui leur est consacrée. Afin de clarifier la nature des rapports entretenus par les pluralia tantum et les noms collectifs, les caractéristiques définitoires des seconds sont appliquées aux premiers. Elles mènent l’analyse du côté de la pluralité interne, de l’homogénéité/hétérogénéité constitutive de ces N, ainsi que des relations méronymiques/taxinomiques qu’ils impliquent. Il en ressort différents arguments plaidant en faveur de la non-intégration des pluralia tantum dans la classe des noms collectifs.
Noms d’agents et noms d’instruments : le cas des déverbaux en -eur
Authors: Huyghe Richard , Tribout Delphine
Published: April 2015

À partir de l’étude des noms déverbaux en  -eur , cet article vise à comparer les types nominaux agent et instrument. Ces deux types ont en commun de comporter à la fois une composante descriptive ontologique (animés vs artefacts) et une composante fonctionnelle, correspondant à la prédication verbale sous-jacente, elle-même issue de la base morphologique. Nous montrons cependant que le rapport d’hybridation entre composantes ontologique et fonctionnelle n’est pas le même pour les deux types de noms, et concluons que la dimension ontologique détermine dans chaque cas la portée de la composante fonctionnelle.
Les noms de parties du corps et la possession inaliénable : le cas des constructions datives
Authors: Simatos Isabelle
Published: April 2015

Cet article analyse les noms susceptibles d’entrer dans une construction à possesseur externe du type Ça lui a soulagé la conscience . Parmi ces noms, une différence radicale oppose ceux qui dénotent une propriété essentielle de l’homme et les autres. Dans le premier cas, le clitique datif sert d’antécédent nécessaire à la prédication de la relation de possession. Avec d’autres noms, la relation n’est pas de type anaphorique.
Venger Baudelaire ? Une économie du sacrifice et de la dette
Authors: Labbé Mathilde
Published: April 2015

La réception de l’œuvre de Baudelaire aux xx e et xxi e siècles est dominée par le sentiment diffus d’une dette collective, en réponse à ce qui est envisagé comme un sacrifice de Baudelaire à son art. Cette dette s’explique par l’importance de l’héritage esthétique mais aussi par la mémoire du procès et de la maladie du poète. Ainsi, les échos littéraires que l’œuvre a suscités doivent être lus à la lumière d’une dynamique du don et du contre-don entre le poète et ceux qui se considèrent comme ses héritiers.
S’absenter de son siècle : le Baudelaire de Philippe Muray
Authors: de Vitry Alexandre
Published: April 2015

L’écrivain Philippe Muray (1946-2006) fut un grand lecteur de Baudelaire, dont il se fit à la fois l’exégète, en marge du monde universitaire, et le continuateur, à travers son œuvre propre. Son portrait du poète, qui met l’accent sur les thématiques religieuses et sexuelles de l’œuvre, permet de construire une singulière poétique de Baudelaire, entre le retrait, l’absence d’un antimoderne à son siècle, et la présence, l’adhérence à un objet obsédant de contemption, mais aussi de description et d’inspiration.
Le Navire Baudelaire : imagination et hospitalité
Authors: Macé Marielle
Published: April 2015

Dans le souvenir de la pensée baudelairienne de l’imagination, on tente ici une réflexion sur ce que la capacité politique, et notamment la disposition à l’hospitalité, peut devoir à une force imaginante . Un rappel des nombreux navires qui sillonnent l’œuvre baudelairienne nous permet de méditer les enjeux des naufrages (notamment des naufrages d’immigrants) qui ont récemment affecté l’Europe. La réflexion de Baudelaire sur la « puissance d’espérance » dont le douait sa faculté d’imagination nous invite à comprendre ce que cela peut signifier et requérir de se relier en pensée à « de très lointains vivants ». Et le constat que « Le Cygne », texte de « l’accueil figural » par excellence, est parmi les poèmes de Baudelaire celui que notre présent convoque le plus volontiers, nous aide à comprendre pourquoi l’hospitalité, comme le posait Derrida, est « nécessairement poétique ».
Les vertus de la méthode historico-critique
Authors: Ska Jean-Louis
Published: April 2015

La méthode historico-critique n’est guère appréciée dans certains milieux croyants. Cet article entend répondre à diverses objections qui lui sont faites couramment : (1) La méthode historico-critique dissèque les textes et les pulvérise en une multitude de sources et de rédactions, mais ne s’occupe pas du texte biblique dans sa forme finale et canonique ; (2) la méthode est archéologique : elle se contente de fouiller dans le passé des textes ; (3) la floraison d’hypothèses contradictoires disqualifie la méthode ; (4) la méthode est trop compliquée et son utilité dans la pastorale est trop limitée. L’article cherche à répondre à ces objections. Il cherche ensuite à montrer quelles sont les qualités de la méthode à partir d’exemples où c’est le texte lui-même qui fait problème et où il s’impose de recourir aux instruments d’une méthode critique et historique (1 S 11,1 ; Gn 4,8 ; 1 R 6,10-14). Il s’agit avant tout de montrer la validité de la démarche, non la validité de tous les résultats de la méthode.
Communion et eucharistie chez saint Hilaire de Poitiers
Authors: Dupont-Fauville Denis
Published: April 2015

Saint Hilaire de Poitiers, premier docteur de l’Église, est surtout connu pour sa doctrine trinitaire et ses traités exégétiques. L’étude attentive de son œuvre permet d’y repérer toute une réflexion théologique sur la notion de communion. Il l’applique en particulier à l’eucharistie, en détaillant la compréhension avec une richesse étonnante. Par l’eucharistie, le Christ unit à lui ses disciples et les prépare à la vie éternelle. Le « sacrement de la chair et du sang » donne à la communion, fondée en Dieu, de déployer ses effets tant dans l’inhabitation sacramentelle du Christ en nous que dans la consommation de l’unité ecclésiale.
Christianisme et Extrême-Orient
Authors: Kim Mi-Jeung Agnès
Published: April 2015

Depuis plus de quatre siècles, le christianisme est introduit en Extrême-Orient, mais son enracinement reste difficile. Face à cette difficulté, l’A. s’interroge : est-ce en s’ouvrant et en s’incarnant concrètement dans toutes les réalités humaines que l’Église peut assumer l’universalité ? Jusqu’où peut-on pousser la théologie de l’Incarnation dans cette région façonnée par une tout autre vision du monde ? L’A. présente quelques aspects fondamentaux de cette culture auxquels le christianisme est confronté et certains atouts dont il dispose.
L’Autre dans les mécanismes étatiques de contrôle de la mobilité
Authors: Saillard Antoine
Published: April 2015

Au milieu du XIX e siècle, plusieurs États européens se dotent d’outils de contrôle de la mobilité. En ciblant des populations spécifiques et en organisant leur relégation, ces outils cherchent à contrôler la mobilité aussi bien intérieure qu’internationale. La comparaison de trois dispositifs de ce type, mis en place en France nous permettra dès lors d’appréhender les mécanismes créateurs d’altérité et de marginalité. Par là, nous questionnerons la construction de la figure de l’étranger dans la seconde moitié du XIX e siècle en envisageant les contours complexes et mouvants des deux termes d’une dialectique : le « Même » et l’« Autre ».
Cloud computing et big data
Authors: Bensamoun Alexandra , Zolynski Célia
Published: April 2015

L’article entend expliquer en quoi la disjonction temporelle et spatiale caractérisant les échanges de données dans le cadre des services de cloud computing et des traitements big data impose de repenser la législation actuelle, par nature figée et territorialement définie, afin de mieux appréhender la valeur d’usage de la data. Au-delà du contenu de la norme, l’analyse porte également sur sa fabrication : sont envisagés les modes de régulation visant à responsabiliser les opérateurs en imposant une éthique des données personnelles tout en portant un principe d’innovation, à l’image des normes techniques et des bonnes pratiques qui associent réglementation, co-régulation et auto-régulation.
Vie privée et logo public
Authors: Étienne Jean-Michel , Manant Matthieu , Pajak Serge
Published: April 2015

Dans ce papier, nous étudions l’influence d’un logo institutionnel (CNIL) sur la divulgation de données personnelles par les individus. Nous menons pour cela une expérimentation de terrain dans le cadre d’une enquête universitaire en comparant les réponses d’un groupe de traitement (avec logo) à celles d’un groupe de contrôle (sans logo). Nous montrons que l’influence du logo dépend de la légitimité des questions, notamment pour les questions psychologiques a priori moins légitimes dans un cadre universitaire. Ces résultats suggèrent que les choix de vie privée peuvent être affectés par la présence d’un logo public qui agit comme un nudge .
Inclusion exclue : le code est un contrat léonin
Authors: Sire Guillaume
Published: April 2015

Internet repose sur un écheveau de protocoles. Après avoir expliqué pourquoi les sciences sociales ont selon nous intérêt à s’intéresser au code informatique, qui est la matière première de ces protocoles, nous analysons la controverse dont a fait l’objet le protocole d’exclusion « robots.txt » censé permettre à un éditeur de réguler le passage sur ses documents des agents logiciels utilisés par les moteurs de recherche. Nous expliquons pourquoi seul le concepteur des agents a le pouvoir de donner une valeur juridique et une fonction technique aux commandes du protocole qui, sans son action, seraient inopérantes. En revenant sur un cas où les éditeurs ont tenté de redéfinir la syntaxe du robots.txt sans passer par les instances de standardisation, nous montrons pourquoi la relation des éditeurs et des intermédiaires sur le web est caractéristique d’un consensus léonin en faveur de ces derniers.
Pornographie ou obscénité ?
Authors: Vaillant Alain
Published: April 2015

À partir de 1855, la police municipale de Paris organise une surveillance accrue à l’encontre des activités liées à la production et au commerce d’obscénités. Héritage de la fin de l’Ancien Régime, ce commerce pourtant illégal progresse dans la clandestinité depuis le début du siècle. La phase d’industrialisation dans laquelle entre la production d’obscénités au milieu et à la fin du XIX e siècle inquiète de plus en plus les pouvoirs publics et les entrepreneurs de morale. Alors que la société française assiste progressivement aux bienfaits de la Révolution industrielle et de son entrée dans l’ère des masses, la diffusion croissante de l’obscénité par son commerce en fait une industrie moderne. Au travers du développement de son industrie parisienne, l’intérêt de cette approche historique est de comprendre en quoi l’obscénité est assimilable à une culture de masse entre 1855 et 1930.
Gustave Courbet, une pornographie à énigmes
Authors: Schlesser Thomas
Published: April 2015

Courbet pornographe ? Voilà qui relèverait du pléonasme depuis que L’Origine du monde , tableau inconnu en son temps, est devenu une nouvelle Joconde surmédiatisée ces deux dernières décennies. Il convient cependant, pour mesurer plus justement la teneur de cette pornographie, d’en revenir à une mise en contexte. Comment donc Courbet a-t-il pu être tout à la fois l’artiste hédoniste de la « pornotopie » et avoir été présenté par un de ses plus fidèles alliés — Proudhon — comme un moralisateur, châtiant les déviances morales de son temps ? On trouvera des explications à cette apparente contradiction en revenant sur les stratégies visuelles du peintre réaliste. On pourra également aborder certaines découvertes récentes, extrêmement stimulantes, quant à ses obsessions homosexuelles. L’article prend pour corpus à la fois les tableaux licencieux les plus marquants de Courbet — Les Baigneuses , le Sommeil — mais aussi ses nus et la très étrange Hallali du cerf .
Huysmans pornographe
Authors: Prigent Gaël
Published: April 2015

Au-delà du témoignage qu’elle offre sur l’érotisme dans la littérature de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle, l’écriture « pornographique » de Huysmans est également un critérium inattendu de l’unité de l’œuvre. En effet, si la pornographie est au cœur de ses pratiques sexuelles et littéraires, elle reste étonnamment discrète dans les romans naturalistes qui ont pourtant fait la réputation sulfureuse de l’auteur. Au contraire, ce sont les poèmes du Drageoir aux épices qui donnent à lire l’amour sadique, la crudité sexuelle qu’on retrouvera dans À rebours . Le monde onirique ouvre alors l’espace d’une spiritualisation de l’ordure qui transfigure l’écriture du sexe en écriture de la monstruosité et les noces de la chair en noces spirituelles. Après s’être plu à provoquer le bourgeois, Huysmans s’emploie ainsi à scandaliser les bigots au moyen du même langage, faisant basculer le point d’équilibre de sa pornographie de pornê à graphê .
Quand Zola devenait sérieusement pornographe Étude des enjeux de l’écriture pornographique à la fin du XIX e siècle
Authors: Verret Arnaud
Published: April 2015

Il existe un manuscrit méconnu de Zola détaillant le scénario d’une nouvelle à dimension non seulement charnelle, mais même franchement obscène. Si l’on ignore pratiquement tout des conditions de sa rédaction, par ses personnages, les situations qu’il présente et les caractéristiques de son écriture, ce scénario est parfaitement représentatif de la littérature pornographique de l’époque. Pourtant, Zola, ne se satisfaisant pas d’un texte facile, ambitionna un moment d’y insuffler son style réaliste pour en faire un écrit digne des hautes œuvres qu’il se proposait de produire. Ce manuscrit permet ainsi de mieux appréhender les stratégies de l’auteur : loin des clichés d’un écrivain austère et sûr de la direction à donner à sa carrière, il permet de cerner ses hésitations et de retracer le cheminement intellectuel qui le conduisit à écrire les pages les plus brûlantes de ses romans.
Participation des jeunes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle à des activités physiques et sportives. Visions et préoccupations des intervenants en milieu scolaire au Québec
Authors: Roult Romain , Carbonneau Hélène , Duquette Marie-Michèle , Belley-Ranger Émilie
Published: April 2015

Les jeunes ayant une limitation fonctionnelle (ALF) font face à des défis plus importants en ce qui a trait à la pratique d’activités physiques et sportives et à l’adoption de saines habitudes de vie, comparativement aux jeunes présentant un développement typique. Par le biais d’une approche qualitative fondée sur la conduite de 56 entretiens, cette étude vise à mieux comprendre les stratégies mises en place par les personnes intervenant auprès de ces jeunes ALF en milieu scolaire pour les faire participer à des activités physiques et sportives et, de fait, mettre en lumière les besoins, les attentes et les préoccupations de ces encadrants sur cette problématique intégrative et éducative liée au sport. Les résultats démontrent que les activités de sports inclusifs ont un impact substantiel sur ces jeunes, leur entourage et leur milieu de vie. Parallèlement, la faiblesse de l’offre sportive pour ce public dans des cadres scolaires et parascolaires illustre bien la pertinence et l’importance de soutenir le développement d’outils pédagogiques, de formation et une nécessaire liaison à l’aménagement des espaces de pratique notamment pour inciter la mise en œuvre d’approches inclusives en activités physiques et sportives.
Open and Distance Learning (ODL): A Strategy of Development through its Potential Role in Improving Science &Technology Knowledge
Authors: Fozdar Bharat Inder
Published: April 2015

Open and distance learning is now seen as a legitimate means through which an effective science and technology education can be disseminated. There are many factors which support this argument. With the advancements of information and communication technologies (ICT), have given rise to new opportunities for sharing information, resources, and experiences, as well as providing networking opportunities with student peers, tutors, and the institution. All these factors suggest that ODL may be the solution for overcoming the gap between those who have had access to science and technology (S&T) education and those who have not. It is now proven fact that scientific knowledge is a pre-requisite to solve each country’s pressing social and economic problem, to transform their societies and to have positive impact on the standards of living and quality of life of the poorest of poor any society. In present situation S&T capacity building is an indispensable tool for promoting sustainable and inclusive globalization. In the proposed paper, an experience from IGNOU in delivering science programme through ODL mode is shared.
Id@rt Experience: A Transnational Blended-learning Project Founded on Visual Culture
Authors: Bajardi Alice , Della Porta Giulia Serena , Álvarez-Rodríguez Dolores , Francucci Cristina
Published: April 2015

This article is the result of interchanging experiences, the Id@rt experience, among artists, educators and students from different countries and contexts that share the concept of identity as a subject matter for the artistic and educational research processes. We followed a methodological framework that combines the visual culture art education, as an approach to make and interpret the visual reality, and the blended-learning, as a tool to transform and improve the learning process. We proposed the Id@rt experience to teacher in training at the Granada University (Spain), and to student of communication and art education course at the Bologna Fine Arts Academy (Italy). The aim of this project is to develop a closer look at contemporary art, promote creativity and foster the social skills promoting new ways of communication and creation. Through this project we propose to create a synergy between the use of traditional art education methods and the new-technologies based-methods (ICT and e-learning). The evaluation results of the Id@rt experience, obtained from our observation together with focus-groups and open-end questionnaires, indicate that the participants increased their creativity and developed their social/communicative competencies, experiencing art and new technology languages and discovering the creative identity of the contemporary artist and of themselves. Projects like Id@rt experience pave the way for a new understanding and teaching of the art education and new interpretations of the contemporary art and the visual culture.
Influence of Gamification on Students’ Motivation in using E-Learning Applications Based on the Motivational Design Model
Authors: Wan Hamzah Wan Mohd Amir Fazamin , Haji Ali Noraida , Mohd Saman Md Yazid , Yusoff Mohd Hafiz , Yacob Azliza
Published: April 2015

Students’ motivation is an important factor in ensuring the success of e-learning implementation. In order to ensure students is motivated to use e-learning, motivational design has been used during the development process of e-learning applications. The use of gamification in learning context can help to increase student motivation. The ARCS+G model of motivational design is used as a guide for the gamification of learning. This study focuses on the influence of gamification on students’ motivation in using e-learning applications based on the ARCS+G model. Data from the Instructional Materials Motivation Scale used, were gathered and analysed for comparison of two groups (one control and one experimental) in attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction categories. Based on analysis of the result, students from the experimental group are more motivated to use e-learning applications compared with the controlled group. This proves that gamification affect students’ motivation when used in e-learning applications.
Experiences and Countermeasures in a Web-Based English Teaching Project
Authors: Liu Yanfei
Published: April 2015

English learners are provided by the Web with fast, abundant and authentic materials. Besides, the features in hypertext structure, multimedia capabilities and online communication have a great influence on education, especially on second and foreign language education. Thus how to make use of the Web to facilitate English teaching and learning has become an essential issue for both learners and instructors. To design an effective Web-based course, teachers may take the three models proposed as reference: analyzing students’ needs and clarifying their characteristics, setting their learning objectives and choosing the suitable Internet resources as teaching materials. The successful Web-based courses should be based on a clear pedagogical rationale and interaction, authentic activities and technological issues.
Design and Application of SCORM-Based Distance Education Management System
Authors: Cai Hui , Yu Kanhua
Published: April 2015

Demand for civil engineering talents continues to grow with the popularity of network and the constant development of the Chinese economy. However, current demands cannot be met because of shortage in relevant teaching resources in universities and colleges. In this situation, distance network education becomes a popular approach for off-campus personnel to further their studies. Shareable content object reference model (SCORM) standards are widely used in the distance education system in the international arena. The model has become a wind indicator within the industry because of its efficient handling of problems related to cross-platform resource transfer. This research succeeds in developing a SCORM-based education management system targeted toward all civil engineering learners and features independent learning, track record, and information feedback.