bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Additive Manufacturing Bearing Design for Performance Improvement and Carbon Footprint Reduction
Authors: Panara Daniele , Martini Carlo Maria , Berterame Domenico , Bruscoli Sara
Published: October 2022

Additive Manufacturing technology for innovative tilting pad thrust bearings can combine cleaner production process and performance improvement compared to traditional design. This new solution can also fit form and function of existing components in operation, opening to the possibility of a new kind of bearing upgrade service model.

The new approach, allowing performance improvement, is based on conjugate heat transfer Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation of the thrust bearing tilting pad sectors with oil supply definition. The solid pad has been simulated considering a series of micro-channels optimized to enhance pad temperature exchange with surrounding oil flow. Additive manufacturing has been used to realize the complex micro-channel geometry and the bearing has been tested back-to-back with a traditional design. This technology minimizes carbon footprint by reducing bearing size and associated oil flow consumption, at same/higher performance and reliability/availability.

To contain compression system footprint, costs and increase efficiency the new rotor and bearing design has been pushed to higher load and speed. The new generation machines are facing new rotordynamic challenges and compressor OEMs are more and more moving towards rotor bearing integrated design and manufacturing. New manufacturing technologies like additive can help to face the new energy transition challenges and, in the near future, will play a key role. In the present work, a new manufacturing process has been developed leveraging the availability of in-house traditional bearing manufacturing line and new additive manufacturing technology labs. The material and design used allow for traditional babbitting and pad finishing whereas additive technology is opening new geometry boundaries. A first prototype has been tested back-to-back with the traditional design showing, at same load and speed, significant reduction of pad temperature up to 10 °C. The presented solution can fit form and function of existing components in operation opening to the possibility of a new kind of bearing upgrade service model able to enhance between maintenance bearing time or to reduce equipment footprint by increasing bearing specific load and reduce oil flow consumptions up to 20%-30%.

The novelty of the present work was to validate enhanced CFD bearing simulations to unlock additive manufacturing potentials. This opens to the topological optimization of bearing geometry to enhance heat transfer and reduce bearing equipment footprint and oil consumptions. This is particularly suited for energy transition compressor applications.
Real-Time Applications of Sensor Analytics for Production and Injection Profiling
Authors: Cerrahoglu Cagri , Alyan Mohand , Mendoza Chavez Alberto , Delfino Alessandro , Sundin Martin , Othman Alaa , Kiyoumi Ahmed , Altamimi Ahmed , Parihar Shardul , Fonseca Rahul-Mark
Published: October 2022

This paper introduces a new sensor analytics application for flow profiling that is based on physics-informed machine learning (ML) techniques. The application was utilized in the interpretation of point and distributed sensor data acquired from a carbonate reservoir in the Middle East and the results enhanced the confidence in the utilization of fiber-based flow monitoring solutions. The application was tested on two data sets: (1) a distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) data set acquired during acid stimulation and water injection periods from an injector and (2) a point acoustic sensor data set acquired from an oil producer. In both cases, the output of the application was qualified using independent measurements.

A combination of ML and first-principles models has been used to develop the real-time sensor analytics application. Over 1500 data points were acquired in laboratory conditions where flow conditions were simulated. Various ML models were trained on the labelled data from these experiments to provide flow diagnostics for the subject well completion type and those with highest accuracy were selected for development. Independently interpreted production and petrophysical logs were used in the qualification process to validate the interpretation results obtained with the developed sensor analytics technology.

The results from both cases agreed with the results from the qualifying measurements. In the first case, the production log and the DFOS measurements were taken under two different injection conditions. Hence, some discrepancies were observed between the two which were explained by the heterogeneity within the reservoir section. In the second case, data from the point acoustic sensor and the production logging (PL) tool were acquired under the same conditions. The flow profiles predicted by the ML model applied on the point acoustic sensor data agreed with the production log.
Need an Early Oil, Get Your Corporate Data in Shape
Authors: Sattar Abdul , Khan Waseem , Mahmood Aamir
Published: October 2022

Subsurface data management is one of the prime challenges confronting today's E&P industry. Oil & Gas companies are generating substantial amount of data in E&P operations to achieve their strategic goals. The fact that E&P companies are using multi-vendor technologies makes the case of standard procedures, consistent nomenclature, and data synchronization even more compelling to achieve the uniformity of data and related mnemonics across their databases. This in-turn maximizes the efficiency & potential of existing organizational resources along with facilitating the instant data access & data sharing among common end-users (geologist, petrophysicist, geophysicist etc.).

United Energy Pakistan, formerly known as BP Pakistan, has a hybrid environment of multi-vendor technologies supporting its operation requirement of data and information management and archival. Its assets have a rich heritage, starting nearly four decades ago when an American E&P company, Union Texas Pakistan, initiated operations in Pakistan. Since then, several changes and a shift in ownership several times has resulted challenges to manage the assets and underlying data. Corporate Data Governance and ManagementProject was embarked to address geoscience end user challenges regarding access to validated data and cleaning of working environment. The journey began with a data management maturity assessment few years ago. This helped to identify gaps in the existing data management processes and systems. An integrated roadmap was developed to bridge the gaps with identified digital initiatives and solutions. A vendor neutral and technology agnostic approach was used to perform the site assessment.

A conformance study, prior to the commencement of project, was conducted to assess the "Current State" of G&G Working project databases and to articulate the "Future State" with special emphasis on providing centralized, quality assured and integrated data environment. The study highlighted the key areas of Geoscience working environment that require improvement. Some of the key findings of study indicated huge number of working projects, data dissemination, Lack of Standards, incompleteness, inadequate dataflow mechanism and procedures, data redundancy, and inability of data search and access.
EZH2-mediated epigenetic activation of the CCL22/CCR4 causing EMT process remodeling in cervical carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Li , Tian Sijuan , Chang Jie , Quan Shimin , Yang Ting , Zhao Minyi , Wang Li , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: October 2022

Background: Our previous study revealed the chemokine CCL22 and its receptor CCR4 are elevated in cervical cancer (CC) tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of EZH2-induced epigenetic activation of CCL22/CCR4 and caused EMT remodeling in CC.
Methods: We evaluated whether CCL22-CCR4 expression levels could be regulated by EZH2 and subsequently evaluated the mechanism of EZH2 on the CCL22-CCR4. The animal model supported the experimental findings.
Results: CCL22 and CCR4 were significant up-regulated in CC samples compared with normal cervix tissues, and obvious induction of promoter DNA methylation levels of CCL22and CCR4 was shown in CC tissues. Demethylation reactivated the transcription of CCL22 and CCR4. DNMT3A was found to directly bind to the CCL22and CCR4 promoter regions in vitro. Downregulation of the expression of EZH2 in CC cell lines altered DNMT3A expression, induced CCL22and CCR4 promoters’ methylation level as well, and decreased CCL22and CCR4 mRNA expression. An in vivo assay showed that, EZH2 regulated the expression of CCL22/CCR4 components through DNMT3A, consistent with the in vitro results. In EZH2-silenced CC cells, migration was reduced, levels of EMT related markers, including vimentin, slug, snail and β-catenin, were all reduced, and ZO-1 increased. In DNMT3A-silenced CC cells, migration was induced and vimentin, slug, snail and β-catenin were all induced, ZO-1 reduced. Inhibition of CCL22 protein significantly decreased migration of CC cells and vimentin, slug, snail and β-catenin, increased ZO-1.
Conclusions: Overall, EZH2 thus appears to regulate CCL22/CCR4 expression via epigenetic activation, causing EMT process remodeling in CC progression.
A Case Report
Resistant hypertension as presenting manifestation of abdominal Takayasu’s Arteritis.
Authors: besar marwa , Salem Adel Abd El , Eleshra Ahmed , Khafagy Tamer , Saad Ehab
Published: October 2022

Introduction: We report an unusual presentation of Takayasu’s Arteritis in young female with resistant hypertension to usual antihypertensive medication that discovered to extensive renal artery
Case presentation:
We report a 17 years old female with 2years history of hypertension that was difficult to control despite different type of antihypertension. Abdominal Ultrasound Abdominal us showed right kidney 12*5 cm, relatively small left kidney 8.3*3.8 cm, color duplex on normal low impedance flow in both renal and intrarenal arteries with no area of abnormal high velocity or damped flow. Investigation relieved ESR 50, CRP 26, ANA, ANCA serology were negative,S.NA 155, S.K 3.4, Serum aldosterone was 305 pg/ml (13.6-261.7) , renin activity was 254 pg/ml (4-45.98).
The patient diagnosed as secondary hypertension to secondary hyperaldosternoism mostly renal artery stenosis, so CT angiography detected diffuse mural thickness with enhancement of the abdominal aorta and extending into proximal segments of superior and inferior mesenteric arteries, ostium of right renal artery and marked stenosis of the left renal artery (2 cm), relative small sized left kidney with hypo enhancement in comparison to the right kidney, finding suggestive to large vessel vasculitis, Takayasu’s Arteritis
Conclusion: Resistant hypertension due to renal artery stenosis in young female can be a presenting manifestation of Takayasu’s Arteritis.
Association Between Hours of Work and Subjective Wellbeing. How Do Physicians Compare to Other Professionals?
Authors: Núñez-Elvira Alberto
Published: October 2022

Background: The analysis of wellbeing among physicians has focused on stress, burnout, and job satisfaction but most analyses rely on small and unrepresentative samples. Using self-reported data between 2011/12 and 2014/15 from a large well-established UK dataset - the Annual Population Survey (APS), this study examines the main subjective wellbeing metrics of physicians in the UK and compares with those of other professionals (lawyers and accountants).
Methods: APS is the first survey in the UK that incorporated SWB metrics in April 2011. Since then, the Office for National Statistics have included those metrics in other surveys. The analysis relies on APS data from 2011/12 to 2014/15 and examines the associations between subjective wellbeing variables and hours of work, hourly wages, and underemployment. Estimates are provided for all occupations of interest (pooled model) and then conditioning on each occupation using general linear models (ordinary least squares).
Results: A total of 11,810 respondents are included in the analysis among the four main occupations (primary care physicians – general practitioners in the UK, hospital doctors, lawyers, and accountants) of which 8,011 are salaried workers (67.83%). Physicians are more satisfied and happier with their lives and less anxious than other professionals. Age affects negatively to happiness and satisfaction with their lives (-2.1% and -5.1% respectively) and females are more stressed (10.7%) overall. Incorporating preferences to work more hours (underemployment) physicians’ wellbeing is not affected but those of lawyers and accountants worsens.
Conclusions: Physicians are less anxious, happier, and more satisfied than lawyers or accountants. Total hours of work do not seem to affect SWB for physicians when the variable is the aggregate measure but working more overtime hours is associate with lower wellbeing levels. Working fewer hours than desired (underemployment) is also associated with changes in wellbeing levels. Increasing the hours of work of underemployed physicians could be an inexpensive solution to overcome the alleged shortage of health workers.
Multi-hazard Susceptibility Model based on Very-High-Resolution data – a case study of Sali settlement (Dugi otok, Croatia)
Authors: Šiljeg Ante , Šiljeg Silvija , Milošević Rina , Marić Ivan , Domazetović Fran , Panđa Lovre
Published: October 2022

The world has been facing an increase in various natural hazards. The coastal regions are recognized as one of the most vulnerable due to high population pressure and climate change intensity. Mediterranean countries are one of the most burnable ecosystems in the world, one of the most exposed to pluvial floods, and have the highest erosion rates within the EU. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop the first multi-hazard susceptibility model in Croatia for Sali settlement (island of Dugi otok). The creation of a multihazard susceptibility model (MHSM) combined the application of geospatial technology (GST) with a local perception survey. The methodology consisted of two main steps: (1) creating individual hazard susceptibility models (soil erosion, wildfires, pluvial floods), and (2) overall hazard susceptibility modeling. Multicriterial GIS analyses and Analytical Hierarchy Process were used to create individual hazard models. Criteria used (32) to create models are derived from very-high-resolution (VHR) models. Two versions of MHSM are created: 1) all criteria with equal weighting coefficients and 2) weight coefficients determined based on a public perception survey. Both models had similar results and reveal moderate susceptibility of Sali to multiple hazards. The public perceives that the research area is the most susceptible to wildfires. The greatest difference between public perception and the GIS-MCDA model of hazard susceptibility is related to soil erosion. However, the accuracy of the soil erosion model was confirmed by ROC curves based on recent traces of soil erosion in the research area. The proposed methodological framework of multihazard susceptibility modeling can be applied, with minor modifications, to other Mediterranean countries.
COVID-19 pandemic in a mental health ward: inpatient admissions, use of mechanical restraint and aggressions
Authors: Guzman-Parra Jose , Gómez-Sánchez-Lafuente Carlos , Medina Mónica García , Aguilera-Serrano Carlos , Moreno-Küstner Berta , Hurtado-Melero Verónica , Garcia-Sanchez Juan A. , Bordallo-Aragón Antonio , Mayoral-Cleries Fermín
Published: October 2022

Background. To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health hospital admissions, the use of mechanical restraint and number of aggressions to the staff.
Methods. Outcomes in the period from March 14, 2020–December 31, 2020 were compared to the same period in 2019. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to compare the risk of mechanical restraint during admissions in the two periods, controlling for potential confounding variables.
Results. There was a 30.7% reduction in the number of inpatient admissions with significant changes in the profiles of the patients admitted. There were no differences in the risk of restraint and aggressions. Violence was less frequent as a reason for restraint in the pandemic period, while agitation increased.
Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the functioning of the hospitalization ward. Measures introduced during pandemic did not seem to have a meaningful effect on mechanical restraint procedures or violent behavior towards the staff.
Mixing dynamics of droplets levitated using acoustic tweezers: an optical approach
Authors: Honda Kota , Fujiwara Kota , Hasegawa Koji , Kaneko Akiko , Abe Yutaka
Published: October 2022

Acoustic levitation is well-suited to ‘lab-on-a-drop’ contactless chemical analysis of droplets. Rapid mixing is of fundamental importance in lab-on-a-drop platforms and many other applications involving droplet manipulation. Small droplets, however, have low Reynolds numbers; thus, mixing via turbulence is not possible. Inducing interfacial oscillation is effective in this regard, however, the relationship between internal flow and mixing dynamics of droplets remains unclear. Here, we conducted simultaneous optical measurements of the flow field and distribution of fluid components in acoustically levitated droplets. A relationship between internal flow due to interfacial oscillation and mixing of fluid components was revealed, and the effect of kinematic viscosity on the flow characteristics of droplets with interfacial oscillation is discussed. The experimental results were consistent with the theoretical findings. Thus, the internal flow induced by droplet oscillation could enhance droplet mixing. Our findings will be conducive to the application and further development of lab-on-a-drop devices.
BMI category-specific waist circumference thresholds based on cardiovascular disease outcomes and all-cause mortality: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS)
Authors: Seyedhoseinpour Amirhosein , Barzin Maryam , Mahdavi Maryam , Valizadeh Majid , Azizi Fereidoun , Ghareh Sahar , Hosseinpanah Farhad
Published: October 2022

Background
Waist circumference (WC) is representative of abdominal visceral fat, which is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its’ outcomes. We aimed to define WC thresholds predicting incident CVD and all-cause mortality within each body mass index (BMI) categories in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
Methods
In this prospective cohort study, a total of 3344 men and 4068 women were followed up for 18 years. Participants were categorized based on BMI into BMI < 25, 25 < BMI < 30, and BMI > 30. The sex-specific WC cut-points within each group were estimated by the maximum value of Youden’s index based on incident CVD and all-cause mortality prediction.
Results
667 and 463 CVD incidents (incident rate 3.1 to 4.5 in men and 1.1 to 2.6 in women per 1,000 person-years within BMI categories) and 438 and 302 mortalities (incident rate 2.1 to 2.7 in men and 1.2 to 1.4 in women per 1,000 person-years within BMI categories) were happened in men and women, respectively. WC thresholds were 82, 95, and 103cm based on incident CVD and 88, 95, and 103cm based on all-cause mortality among men in BMI < 25, 25 < BMI < 30, and BMI > 30, respectively. The respective values for women were 82, 89, and 100cm based on incident CVD and 83, 90, and 99cm based on all-cause mortality in BMI < 25, 25 < BMI < 30.
Conclusion
The BMI-specific WC thresholds given here can give clues to future studies to define more accurate incidence-based WC cut-offs as screening tools to better identify individuals at high risk of developing CVD.
Screen Time among School-aged Children of Aged 6-14: A Systematic Review
Authors: Qi Jingbo , YAN Yujie , YIN Hui
Published: October 2022

Background: Screen time refers to the time an individual spends using electronic or digital media devices such as televisions, smart phones, tablets or computers. The purpose of this study was to conduct systematic review to analyze the relevant studies on the length and use of screen time ofschool-agedchildren at home and abroad, in order to provide scientific basis for designing screen time interventions and perfecting the screen use guidelines for Chinese school-agedchildren.
Methods: Screen time related studies were searched on PubMed, EMBASE, Clinical Trials, Controlled Trials, The WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CNKI, and Whipple Journal databases from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data, and adopted a qualitative analysis method to evaluate the research status of the length and usageof screen time of school-aged students.
Results: 53 studies were included. The screen time of schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 was 2.77 hours per day, and 46.4% of them had an average screen time ≥2 hours per day. The main uses were TV, computer and games.
Conclusion: Excessive screen time has become a common behavior among children and adolescents around the world. Intervention measures to control children's screen use should be explored in combination with different uses to reduce the proportion of non-essential uses.
Evaluation of stoma-related complications and postoperative Health-related quality of life in patients with rectal cancer underwent low anterior resection following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: protective diverting ileostomy versus transverse colostomy
Authors: Su Boyang , Li Yunhao , Lin Guole
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The choice between loop ileostomy (LI) and loop transverse colostomy (LTC) after low anterior resection (LAR) is still controversial. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of stoma-related complications for these two categories of diverting enterostomy. Additionally, health-related quality of life for patients received LI was compared to those with LTC.
Methods: From 2014 to 2019, patients who underwent LAR following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were selected initially for the study. All participants received protective diverting LI or LTC. Concrete data of patients’ demographic, surgery and follow-up information were obtained from the constructed database of the hospital. Comparison of patients’ postoperative recovery data was conducted.
Results: 127 and 90 patients received ileostomy versus transverse colostomy respectively. During the mean follow-up time of 37.3±11.2 (17-52) months, 28(12.9%) patients developed stoma-related complications. Compared with patients in LI groups, those received LTC demonstrated longer defecation period after the radical surgery (P=0.006, higher incidence of parastomal hernia (P=0.015) and wound infection (P=0.035). LTC groups displayed a lower incidence of peristomal dermatitis and disturbance of water and electrolyte (P=0.037). LI group showed better feedback on cognitive functioning (P<0.001), body image (P=0.015) and more complaint on dry mouth (P=0.004). LTC group expressed more inconvenience on embarrassment by stoma(P<0.001) and better experience on stool frequency and bags change(P=0.015).
Conclusion: Diverting LI display more rapid intestinal function recovery but higher risk of short-term stoma-related complications caused by high volume of excrement. Patients underwent LI got better cognitive function scale but worse feedback on problems related to stool frequency.
Bacteria Mediated Uranium Species Transformation and Immobilization Mechanism in a Phosphate-rich System
Authors: Cun Jinzhi , tan wenfa , Peng Lei , Pang Chao
Published: October 2022

Uranium tailings without reliable anti-seepage treatment in the early years of mining and metallurgy has become a potential source of pollution. This work sought to explore the transformation and mechanism of uranium species in a bacteria and phosphate coexist system. The results showed that addition of phosphate enhanced uranium removal rate greatly in solution with the highest removal rate of 99.84%. Likewise, BCR finding displayed that residual phase in sediment samples of phytic acid group and nano-hydroxyapatite group was much higher than that of control group. XRD/SEM-EDS analyses revealed that the fugitive positions of phosphorus and uranium elements remain essentially the same on the sediment surface in the groundwater-sediment system, the appearance of more pronounced phosphorus and uranium signal peaks confirmed more U-P precipitates. Combined with XPS and BCR results, very interesting, phosphate could be complexed with hexavalent uranium to form a stable precipitate. This, to some extent, do not seem to support the view that tetravalent uranium is only stable state under reducing conditions. From this point of view, it demonstrates that bacteria can effectively mediated U-P precipitates. This also provides theoretical evidence that it succeeds efficiently in realizing the transformation of uranium from a transferable phase to a stable phase, which has a potential application value to groundwater in uranium mining areas.
Optimization of the machining of metallic additive manufacturing supports, first methodological approach
Authors: BENOIST Vincent , BAILI Maher , ARNAUD Lionel
Published: October 2022

Metal additive manufacturing is an active field of innova- tion, but for Selective Laser Melting (SLM), supports removal is a major constraint. For this technology, supports are strongly welded to the part, to tightly maintain the part and avoid distortion and also to evacuate the thermal load. Supports are usually optimized for their manual removal but machining is often applied and need to be more often used in order to improve post-processing produc- tivity. This paper proposes a full methodological approach to optimize the selection of the cutting parameters, cutting tools and the type of supports itself. The aim is to help the additive manufacturer to find among the numerous wide supports designs, the ones that would reduce the cost of machining, in terms of machining time and cutting tools degradation. This approach can also be used for the optimization of the design of lattice structures for their structures. Our results show that among the 11 designs tested, the honey- comb and squared pattern grid supports are the most efficiently machined, using the 8 teeth tangential milling among the 3 tools tested, with a good post machined surface roughness and tool’s health. The method takes into account low magnification optical analysis and an accelerometer sensor, easy to use even for SME. This paper also proposes and analyzes with this method a new kind of porous support.
Simulated distributions of pumice rafts in Japan following eruptions at volcanic islands and submarine volcanoes
Authors: Nishikawa Haruka , Kuwatani Tatsu , Tada Noriko , Watanabe Hiromi Kayama
Published: October 2022

Huge pumice rafts produced by the 2021 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba submarine eruption arrived at many Japanese ports and islands, damaging fisheries and hindering marine traffic and trade. To investigate when and how much pumice might intersect trade routes and arrive at islands after future eruptions, we conducted particle tracking simulations of eruptions at major volcanic islands and submarine volcanoes near Japan (submarine volcano NNE of Iriomotejima, Izu-Tobu Volcanoes, Miyakejima, Bayonnaise Rocks, Nishinoshima, Kaitoku Seamount, and Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba) based on the velocity field from the ocean reanalysis dataset. We approximately reproduced the distribution of pumice arrivals recorded after the 1986 Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba eruption, demonstrating the effectiveness of the simulations. We report likely pumice raft arrivals and drifting durations for the investigated eruptive scenarios, which may aid future risk assessments for pumice arrivals.
“If your mother does not teach you, the world will…”: A qualitative study of parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues in Border districts of eastern Uganda
Authors: Ndugga Patricia , Kwagala Betty , Wandera Stephen Ojiambo , Kisaakye Peter , Mbonye Martin K. , Ngabirano Fred
Published: October 2022

Background
Adolescents (10–19 years) in developing countries experience a host of sexual and reproductive (SRH) challenges, with detrimental SRH and socio-economic consequences. These include early sexual debut, sexually transmitted infections including HIV, unsafe abortions, teenage pregnancy, and early childbearing. Parent-adolescent communication about SRH has significant potential to reduce adolescents’ risky sexual behaviors. However, communication between parents and adolescents is limited. We assessed the facilitators and barriers to parent-adolescent communication about sexual and reproductive health in two border districts of Eastern Uganda.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted in the border districts of Busia and Tororo in Eastern Uganda. Data collection entailed 8 Focus Group Discussions comprising parents, adolescents (10–17 years) and 26 Key Informants. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. Thematic analysis was conducted with the aid of NVIVO 12 software.
Results
Parent-adolescent communication about SRH was not common. Facilitators of parent-adolescent communication were: good parent-child relationship, role of the mother, education level, and exposure of the parent. Parents are, however, limited by sexual and reproductive health-related cultural norms, inadequate capacity for parents to address pertinent SRH issues, busy schedules, poor modeling by parents, and inability to meet children’s /household basic needs.
Conclusion
Parents’ ability to communicate with their children is hindered by cultural barriers and inadequate knowledge. There is a need to equip parents with adequate information and skills to ease communication. Additionally, parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health should be integrated into parenting interventions so as to improve SRH communication between parents and children.
The application of hollow trephine in femoral retrograde intramedullary nailing technique
Authors: Yao Xiang , Liu Hongyuan , Hu Minjie , Wang Chong , Liu Dejun , Hu Jianping , Tang Jilei
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate the use of a specially designed hollow trephine to create the entry point through the femoral condyle during retrograde interlocking intramedullary nailing for femoral fracture.
Methods
From June 2019 to December 2021, we treated 11 patients (5 men, 6 women; mean age, 64 years; age range 40–77 years) with mid-distal femoral fractures by retrograde intramedullary femoral nailing using a self-designed hollow trephine for femoral condyle reaming and cancellous bone harvesting.
Results
The operation was successful in all patients. Over mean follow-up of 9.3 months (range, 6.0–12.0 months), all patients achieved bone union. There were no complications such as knee joint infection, heterotopic ossification, knee joint adhesion, and wedge effect.
Conclusion
The use of the hollow trephine during femoral retrograde intramedullary nailing helps avoid postoperative complications such as heterotopic ossification, knee joint adhesions, and wedge effect. It also facilitates bone graft harvesting.
Smoothness-based Consistency Learning for Macaque Pose Estimation
Authors: Xue Ping , Deng ShiXiong
Published: October 2022

Macaques are a rare substitute and play an important role in study of human psychology and spiritual science. Accurate estimation of macaque pose information is key to these studies,macaque pose estimation remains to be hindered by the scarcity of labeled images. To address this problem, this work introduces a novel semi-supervised approach called smoothness-based spatio-temporal consistency learning (SSTCL) and a dual network structure (DNS) to leverage the amounts of unlabeled real images. Specifically, the SSTCL introduce the smoothness assumption to help the model generalize from the labeled training images to the unlabeled images, and the spatiotemporal consistency is designed to leverage both spatial and temporal consistencies to pick the most reliable pseudo labels. Moreover, a dual network structure (DNS) is proposed to empower the model the ability of self-correction, which can prevent the degeneration caused by the noisy pseudo labels in semi-supervised learning. In ablation experiments, the effectiveness of DNS for pseudolabel quality assurance is demonstrated. We evaluate the proposed method on the public OpenMonkeyPose dataset, the results show that the proposed method can achieve competitive performance while using less labeled images, and the final accuracy surpasses the strong baseline HRNet-w48 of 2.1 AP.
Advantage Applications for Using some Invasive Species in Sustainable Development in Egypt
Authors: Rashed Shimaa Abd El-Razek , Edarier Salama , Mostafa Reham Mohamed , Essawy Heba Sayed , Elghobashy Roufaida Mohamed
Published: October 2022

Background: The present study was concerned with the control (advantage concept) of five most problematic invasive species (Arctium lappa, Datura innoxia, Lantana camara, Prosopis juliflora and Retama raetam) in Egypt. The main objective is to manage and control these species by maximizing and researching their medicinal, agricultural and economic profits. Different approaches of interest were carried out through the probable use of A. lappa, D. innoxia and P. juliflora in medicine as anticancer agents.
Results: From the agriculture sustainability point of view, high extract concentration levels of L. camara was used with success to suppress and reduce the germination and growth of Phalaris minor (noxious weed in wheat fields) to be used as ecofriendly bioherbicides. Contrariwise, R. raetam was applied on specific low extract concentration to increase the productivity of some crop species such as Hordeum vulgare under water shortage strategies via stimulating the drought resistance.
Conclusion: It is possible to set up various factories for this purpose with the aim of transforming these plants from types harmful to the environment and humans into exporting types for many products that are used medically and agriculturally.
Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with arterial chemoembolization on short- term clinical outcome of locally advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Yang Jianguo , Li Juncai , Deng Qican , Chen Zhenzhou , He Kuan , Chen Yajun , Fu Zhongxue
Published: October 2022

Background.The purpose of this study was to explore the short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with arterial chemoembolization for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC).
Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 203 patients with LAGC who received neoadjuvant therapy from June 2019 to December 2021. The patients were divided into neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with arterial chemoembolization group (Combined group, n=102) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (Conventional group, n=101). The adverse events of chemotherapy, postoperative complications and pathological complete response (pCR) rate were compared between the two groups. The potential factors of influencing pCR were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. The univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the potential factors affecting pCR.
Results. 78.8% of patients were in clinical stage III before neoadjuvant therapy. 52.2% patients underwent surgery after receiving two cycles of neoadjuvant therapy. There were 21.2% patients with≥ grade 3 (CTCAE 4.0) adverse events of chemotherapy and 11.3% patients with Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ grade 3 postoperative complications. Compared with the conventional group, the combination group did not increase the adverse events of chemotherapy and postoperative complications. The pCR rate in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group (16.7% vs 4.95%, P=0.012). Multivariate analysis showed that arterial chemoembolization, pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and pre-treatment platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were independent factors affecting pCR.
Conclusion.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with arterial chemoembolization contributed to improving the pCR rate of LAGC patients. Arterial chemoembolization, pre-treatment NLR and pre-treatment PLR were also predictors of pCR.
Deep learning enhanced ultra-fast SPECT/CT bone scan: quantitative assessment and clinical performance
Authors: Qi Na , Pan Boyang , Meng Qingyuan , Yang Yihong , Chen Huiqian , Wang Weilun , Feng Tao , Liu Hui , Gong Nan-Jie , Zhao Jun
Published: October 2022

Background
To evaluate clinical performance of deep learning enhanced ultra-fast SPECT/CT bone scan.
Methods
One hundred and two patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The probable malignant tumor sites continuously underwent a 20min SPECT/CT and a 3min SPECT scan. A deep learning model was applied to generate algorithm-enhanced images (3min-DL SPECT). Two reviewers evaluated general image quality, 99mTc-MDP distribution, artifacts, and diagnostic confidence independently. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and inter-observer agreement were calculated. Linear regression was analyzed for lesion SUVmax between 3min-DL and 20min SPECT. Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), image similarity (SSIM) were evaluated.
Results
The general image quality, 99mTc-MDP distribution, artefact, and diagnostic confidence of 3min-DL images were significantly superior to those of 20min images (P < 0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 20min and 3min-DL SPECT/CT had no difference by both reviewers (0.903 vs 0.806, 0.873 vs 0.873, 0.882 vs 0.853; 0.867 vs 0.806, 0.944 vs 0.936, 0.912 vs 0.920, P > 0.05). The diagnosis results of 20min and 3min-DL images showed a high inter-observer agreement (Kappa = 0.822, 0.732). PSNR and SSIM of 3min-DL images were significantly higher than 3min images (51.44 vs 38.44, 0.863 vs 0.752, P < 0.05). A strong linear relationship was found between the SUVmax of 3min-DL and 20min images (r = 0.987; P < 0.0001).
Conclusion
An ultra-fast SPECT/CT with 1/7 scan time could be enhanced by deep learning method to have competitive image quality and equivalent diagnostic value to those of standard acquisition.
The opposite patterns of DNA methylation between female and male children from tic disorders by a case-control study
Authors: Ko Young Kyung , Chi Suhyuk , Nam Gyu-Hwi , Baek Kyung-Wan , Ahn Kung , Ahn Yongju , Kang June , Lee Moon-Soo , Gim Jeong-An
Published: October 2022

Tic disorders can affect the quality of life in both childhood and adolescence. Many factors are involved in the etiology of tic disorders, and the genetic and epigenetic factors of tic disorders are considered complex and heterogeneous. In this study, the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between normal controls (n = 24; aged 6–15; 7 females) and patients with tic disorders (n = 16; aged 6–15; 5 females) were analyzed. We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of tic disorders in Korean children. The severity of the tics was measured using a self-report version of the YGTSS. The DNA methylation data consisted of 726,945 CpG sites, assessed using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC (850k) BeadChip. The DNA methylation data of the 40 participants were retrieved, and DMRs between the four groups based on sex and tic disorder were identified. From 28 male and 16 female samples, 37 and 38 DMRs were identified, respectively. We analyzed the enriched terms and visualized the network, heatmap, and upset plot. In male, KEGG enrichment analysis revealed hypomethylated patterns in the ligand, receptor, and second signal transductors of the MAPK, Ras, Rap1, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and in female, the opposite patterns were revealed. Five mental disorder-related enriched terms were identified in the network analysis. Here, we provide insights into the epigenetic mechanisms of tic disorders. Abnormal DNA methylation patterns are associated with mental disorder-related symptoms.
Graft rejection episodes after keratoplasty in Asian eyes
Authors: Wajima Haguku , Hayashi Takahiko , Kobayashi Akira , Nishino Tsubasa , Mori Natsuko , Yokogawa Hideaki , Yamagami Satoru , Sugiyama Kazuhisa
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for graft rejection after keratoplasty in Asian patients. We enrolled 730 cases (566 patients) of penetrating keratoplasty (PK, N = 198), Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK, N = 277), non-Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (nDSAEK, N = 138), and Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK, N = 117). The incidence, clinical characteristics, and possible risk factors of graft rejection were analyzed. Overall, graft rejection occurred in 65 cases (56 patients, 8.9%). The incidence of rejection was highest with PK (3.45/100 person-years), followed by DSAEK (2.34), nDSAEK (1.55), and DMEK (0.24). Cox regression analysis showed that keratoplaty type, younger age, indications (such as failed keratoplasty and infection), and steroid eyedrop use were possible risk factors. Furthermore, PK had the highest hazard estimate of rejection, with significant differences between PK and the other groups (P = 0.018, DSAEK; P = 0.022, nDSAEK; and P < 0.001, DMEK). No significant difference was observed between DSAEK and nDSAEK groups (P = 0.829) in terms of graft rejecton. The DMEK group had the lowest hazard estimate of rejection, with significant differences between DMEK and the other groups (P < 0.001, PK; P = 0.006, DSAEK; and P = 0.010, nDSAEK), confirming the superiority of this procedure.
In situ growth of ZIF-67 onto bamboo pulp black liquor porous carbons as an efficient adsorbent for malachite green removal
Authors: Yang Mengyuan , Cui Ce , Dai Lanling , Liu Li , Bai Wenhao , Zhai Jianyu , Jiang Shan , Wang Weijie , Ren Erhui , Cheng Cheng , Guo Ronghui
Published: October 2022

Porous carbon is one of the most commonly used adsorbent and catalyst carrier material, but porous carbon alone has relatively poor adsorption and degradation effect on dyes. In this work, porous carbon (PC) was prepared from black liquor of bamboo pulp and trace amount of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) was loaded onto PC and subsequently calcined under nitrogen atmosphere. Co and N elements are dispersed on the surface of the obtained material (ZIF-67/PC@C). Besides, ZIF-67/PC@C also exhibits weak magnetic property. The ZIF-67/PC@C was further used as adsorbent for malachite green (MG) and as catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for MG degradation. It is found that ZIF-67/PC@C exhibits good adsorption performances for MG with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1808 mg/g, which is much higher than that of PC (1277 mg/g). In addition, ZIF-67/PC@C shows high activity for effective activation of PMS to produce hydroxyl radical（·OH) sulfate radicals (SO4-·）and singlet oxygen (1O2) for oxidative degradation of MG.
16S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples collected from patients with latent tuberculosis infection before, during, and two months after treatment with 3HP or 4R
Authors: Séraphin Marie Nancy , Bellot Julia , Peloquin Charles A. , Mai Volker
Published: October 2022

Objective: We present 16s rRNA gene sequencing (V1-V2 region) and sample data from a pilot observational cohort study to describe the gut microbiota dynamics in patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treated with a three to four-month course of a rifamycin-based regimen. Our objectives were to (1) document changes to the gut microbiota following exposure to the rifamycins and (2) document recovery to baseline two months after treatment completion.
Data description: Six LTBI patients were followed for 5 – 6 months. Each patient provided stool samples before, during, and two months after treatment. Six healthy controls were sampled in parallel with the LTBI patients. We report amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and taxonomic assignments for 60 stool samples. Also provided are the raw amplicon sequences, and data on diet, medication, and lifestyle changes over the follow-up period. Additionally, phosphate buffer washes of the stool samples from the LTBI participants were analyzed by validated LC-MS-MS assay to measure concentrations of the parent and partially active metabolite rifamycins. These data could be useful for future systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the impact of LTBI therapy on the gut microbiota.
Effects of different treatment frequencies of electromagnetic stimulation for urinary incontinence in women: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Chunmei , Zhang Jing , Zhang Hong , Li Haiyan , Yu Jucheng , Pei Yao , Fang Yuan
Published: October 2022

Background: Urinary incontinence is highly prevalent in women while pelvic floor muscle training is recommended as the first-line therapy. However, the exact treatment regimen is poorly understood. Also, patients with pelvic floor muscle damage may have decreased muscle proprioception and cannot contract their muscle properly. Other conservative treatments including electromagnetic stimulation are suggested by several guidelines. Thus, the present study aims to compare the effectiveness of electromagnetic stimulation combined with pelvic floor muscle training as a conjunct treatment for urinary incontinence and different treatment frequencies will be investigated.
Methods/design: This is a randomized, controlled clinical trial. We will include 165 patients with urinary incontinence from the outpatient center. Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to three groups: the pelvic floor muscle training group (active control group), the low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation group (Group 1) and the high-frequency electromagnetic stimulation group (Group 2). Both group 1 and group 2 will receive 10 sessions of electromagnetic stimulation. Group 1 will be treated twice per week for 5 weeks while Group 2 will receive 10 days of continuous treatment. The primary outcome is the change in International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form cores after the 10 sessions of the treatment, while the secondary outcomes include a 3-day bladder diary, pelvic floor muscle function, pelvic organ prolapse quantification and quality of life assessed by SF-12. All the measurements will be assessed at baseline, after the intervention and after 3 months of follow-up.
Discussion: The present trial is designed to investigate the effects of a conjunct physiotherapy program for urinary incontinence in women. We hypothesize that this strategy is more effective than pelvic floor muscle training alone, and high-frequency electromagnetic stimulation will be superior to low-frequency magnetic stimulation group.
Light-Sheet Laser Speckle Imaging
Authors: Long Kai , Ram Keertana , Shen Shuhao , Du E , Ren Ziheng , Gong Zhiyuan , Chen Nanguang
Published: October 2022

Laser speckle imaging (LSI) as a label-free flow mapping technique has numerous potential clinical applications and plays an increasingly important role in translational medicine. Conventional LSI, however, is limited to qualitative flow change assessment and two-dimensional topographic imaging. Here we report a light-sheet laser speckle imaging (LSH-LSI) platform. This new technique takes advantage of the optical sectioning capability inherent in selected plane illumination to achieve tomographic imaging of vascular structures and blood flow velocity with high spatiotemporal resolution. We conducted on this novel platform zebrafish imaging experiments to reveal complicated laser speckle dynamic characteristics, for which revised theoretical models were necessary for quantitatively retrieving the flow velocity. Furthermore, LSH-LSI could generate vector velocity maps based on additional processing of scalar laser speckle velocimetry results acquired at high frame rates.