bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gaining favorable identities of Iranian EFL teachers: A single case study of transition from elementary schools to universities
Authors: Rostami Farzad , Yousefi Mohammad Hossein - , Amini Davood
Published: February 2020

Having adapted the self-concept framework as a lens and intrinsic case study as a methodological tool, the present study set out to examine how the professional identity of an elementary school teacher is socially (re) constructed while his transition from teaching at elementary schools to teaching at universities. The design of the study was the intrinsic case study. The focal participant was an assistant professor of TEFL who has been teaching in elementary, middle and high schools prior to starting his academic work ten years ago. For the purpose of the data collection, in-depth interview was conducted. Another source of the data was the participant's stories as well as the diaries he had kept over the years. For the data analysis, thematic analysis was employed. Results indicate that the transition was seen to be in parallel with the transition from lower identity perception to higher identity perception. The transitions can be best expressed in terms of identity promotion. The results indicate that the transitions were two main and noticeable ones. The data analyses also indicate that three themes including personal-self, social self, and learners were the driving forces for the case's professional identity development. The study has a number of implications for teacher education, policymakers, and teachers.
Exposure to desflurane anesthesia confers colorectal cancer cells metastatic capacity through deregulation of miR-34a/LOXL3
Authors: Ren Junyi , Wang Xiaopeng , Wei Gang , Meng Yajing
Published: February 2020

Background: Due to high potency and low toxicity, desflurane has been wildly used during surgery. Recent evidence that the use of desflurane was associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor metastasis and poor prognosis raising concerns about the safety of desflurane. However, the mechanism was uncovered.Methods: CRC cells were exposed to desflurane, the changes in morphology and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes were evaluated. Transwell assay was used to study the migration and invasion effect. Xenograft was performed to study the tumor formation ability of desflurane-treated cells in vivo. Dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the target of miR-34a. Knockdown or overexpression of LOXL3 was used to investigate the mechanism of desflurane-induced EMT. The association of LOXL3 with CRC molecular subtypes and clinical relevance was studied by analysis of public datasets. Results: Exposure to desflurane induced EMT, migration, and invasion in CRC cells. Mice injected with desflurane-treated cells formed more tumors in the lungs. Downregulation of miR-34a and upregulation of LOXL3 were required for desflurane-induced EMT in CRC cells. LOXL3 was a direct target of miR-34a. Overexpression of LOXL3 rescued miR-34a-repressed EMT after exposure to desflurane. Elevated expression of LOXL3 was enriched in CMS4 and CRIS-B subtypes. Patients with high expression of LOXL3 showed more lymph node metastasis, as well as poor survival.Conclusion: Desflurane induced EMT and metastasis in CRC through deregulation of miR-34a/LOXL3 axis. Clinical miR-34a mimic or inhibitor targeting LOXL3 might have a potential protective role when CRC patients anesthetized by desflurane.
TRIM3 inhibits P53 signaling in breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Xinxing , Zhang Yujie , Pei Xinhong , Guo Guangcheng , Xue Bingjian , Duan Xin , Dou Dongwei
Published: February 2020

BackgroundBeast cancer is the most common women cancer worldwide, while two third of them are ER alpha positive breast cancer. Among the ER alpha positive breast cancer, about 80% are P53 wild type, indicating the potential tumor suppression role in ER alpha positive breast cancer. Since P53 is an important safeguard to inhibit cell malignant transformation, reactivating P53 signaling could a plausible approach to treat breast cancer.MethodsTRIM3 protein levels were measured by western blot, while the P53 classical target genes were measured by real-time PCR. WST1 assay were used to measure cell proliferation, while cleaved caspase-3 was used to detect cell apoptosis. Protein stability and ubiquitin assay were used to detect the P53 protein ubiquitin and stability. The immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the protein interactions. Immuno-staining was used to detect the protein localization of P53 and TRIM3, while the ubiquitin-based immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination manner of P53.ResultsIn our study, we identified TRIM3 as an endogenous inhibitor for P53 signaling. TRIM3 depletion inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, TRIM3 depletion increased P53 protein level in breast cancer cell. Further investigation showed that TRIM3 could associate with P53 and promote P53 K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation.ConclusionOur study identified a novel post-translational modification mechanism between TRIM3 and P53. TRIM3 depletion or blockage could be a promising strategy to rescue P53 signaling and inhibit breast cancer progression.Highlights1. TRIM3 facilitates breast cancer cell growth and anti-apotosis.2. TRIM3 inhibits P53 protein and its signaling activity.3. TRIM3 interacts with P53 and promotes P53 K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation.
Global Health in Preconception, Pregnancy and Postpartum Alliance: Development of an International Consumer and Community Involvement (CCI) Framework.
Authors: Bergmeier Heidi , Vandall-Walker Virginia , Skrybant Magdalena , Teede Helena J , Bailey Cate , Baxter Jo-Anna B , Borges Ana Luiza Vilela , Boyle Jacqueline A , Everitt Ayesha , Harrison Cheryce L , Herrera Margely , Hill Briony , Jack Brian , Jones Samuel , Jorgensen Laura , Lim Siew , Montanaro Cynthia , Redman Leanne , Stephenson Judith , Sundseth Hildrun , Thangaratinam Shakila , Thynne Paula , Walker Ruth , Skouteris Helen
Published: February 2020

Background: The goal of the Global Health in Preconception, Pregnancy and Postpartum (HiPPP) Alliance, comprising consumers and leading international multidisciplinary academics and clinicians, is to generate research and translation priorities and build international collaboration around healthy lifestyle and obesity prevention among women across the reproductive years. In doing so, we actively seek to involve consumers in research, implementation and translation initiatives. There are limited frameworks specifically designed to involve women across the key obesity prevention windows before (preconception), during and after pregnancy (postpartum). The aim of this paper is to outline our strategy for the development of the HiPPP CCI Framework, with consumers as central to co-designed, co-implemented and co-disseminated research and translation. Method: The development of the framework involved three phases: In Phase 1, 21 Global HiPPP Alliance members participated in a CCI workshop to propose and discuss values and approaches for framework development; Phase 2 comprised a search of peer-reviewed and grey literature for existing CCI frameworks and resources; and Phase 3 entailed collaboration with consumers (i.e., members of the public with lived experience of weight/lifestyle issues in preconception, pregnancy and postpartum) and international CCI experts to workshop and refine the HiPPP CCI Framework (guided by Phases 1 and 2). Results: The HiPPP CCI Framework’s values and approaches identified in Phases 1-2 and further refined in Phase 3 were summarized under the following five key principles: 1. Inclusive, 2. Flexible, 3. Transparent, 4. Equitable, and 5. Adaptable. The framework describes values and approaches for involving consumers in research initiatives from design to translation that focus on improving healthy lifestyles and preventing obesity specifically before, during and after pregnancy; importantly it takes into consideration common barriers to partnering in obesity research during perinatal life stages, such as limited availability associated with family caregiving responsibilities. Conclusion: The HiPPP CCI Framework aims to describe approaches for implementing meaningful CCI initiatives with women in preconception, pregnancy and postpartum periods. Evaluation of the framework is now needed to understand how effective it is in facilitating meaningful involvement for consumers, researchers and clinicians, and its impact on research to improve healthy lifestyle outcomes.
Upregulation of fibronectin following loss of p53 function is a poor prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma with a unique immunophenotype
Authors: Yokoi Ako , Matsumoto Toshihide , Oguri Yasuko , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Tochimoto Masataka , Nakagawa Mayu , Saegusa Makoto
Published: February 2020

Background We previously demonstrated that ovarian high grade serous carcinomas (OHGSeCa) and ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCCa) with an HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype were associated with the worst unfavorable prognosis. To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying this finding, we focused on alterations in the p53 signaling pathway in these tumors. Methods Changes in cell phenotype and function following knockdown of wild-type p53 (p53-KD) were assessed using OCCCa cells expressing endogenous HNF-1β and ARID1A. The prognostic significance of molecules that were deregulated following p53-KD was also examined using 129 OCCCa/OHGSeCa cases. Results p53-KD cells had increased expression of Snail, phospho-Akt (pAkt), and pGSK3β, and decreased E-cadherin expression, leading to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cancer stem cell (CSC) features. The cells also exhibited acceleration of cell motility and inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Next generation sequencing assay revealed that fibronectin (FN) expression was significantly increased in the p53 KD-cells, in line with our observation that wild-type p53 (but not mutant p53) repressed FN1 promoter activity. In addition, treatment of OCCCa cells with FN significantly increased cell migration capacity and decreased cell proliferation rate, independent of induction of EMT features. In clinical samples, FN/p53 scores were significantly higher in OCCCa/OHGSeCa with the HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype when compared to others. Moreover, high FN/high p53 expression was associated with the worst overall survival and progression-free survival in OCCCa/OHGSeCa patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that upregulation of FN following loss of p53 function may impact the biological behavior of OCCCa/OHGSeCa, particularly in tumors with HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype, through alterations in cell mobility and cell proliferation. The accompanying induction of EMT/CSC properties and inhibition of apoptosis due to p53 abnormalities also contribute to the establishment and maintenance of tumor phenotypic characteristics.
Dramatic neurological and biological effects by Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, beyond the blockade of neurotransmitter release
Authors: Wang Lei , Ringelberg Carol S. , Singh Bal R.
Published: February 2020

Background Gene expression profile analysis on mammalian cell lines and animal models after exposure to botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) have been investigated in several studies in recent years. This provides a powerful tool to identify critical signaling pathways involved in the biological and inflammatory responses to BoNT and helps to determine the mechanism of the function of botulinum toxins. One of the key clinical characteristics of BoNT is its prolonged on-site effects. The role of BoNT on the blockage of neurotransmitter acetylcholine release in the neuromuscular junction has been well established. However, the effects of the treatment time of BoNT on the human cellular model and its potential mechanism remain to be defined. This study is aimed to use the gene microarray technology to compare the two physiological critical time points of BoNT type A (BoNT/A) treatment of human neuroblastoma cells and to advance our understanding of the profound biological influences that toxin molecules play in the neuronal cellular system. Results SH-SY5Y cells were treated with BoNT/A for 4 and 48 hours which represent the time needed for the entrance of toxin into the cells and the time necessary for the initial appearance of the on-site effects after BoNT application. A comparison of the two time points identified 122 functional groups that are significantly changed. The top five groups are the alternative splicing, phosphoprotein, nucleus, cytoplasm, and acetylation. Furthermore, after 48 hours there were 744 genes significantly up-regulated and 624 genes significantly down-regulated (p‹ 0.01). These genes fell into the following neurological and biological annotation groups: Nervous system development, proteinaceous extracellular matrix, signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, cellular function and signal transduction, and apoptosis. We have also noticed that the up-regulated groups contained neuronal cell development, nervous system development, and metabolic processes while the down-regulated groups contained many chromosomes and cell cycle categories. Conclusions The effects of BoNT/A on neuronal cells extend beyond blocking the neurotransmitter release, and that BoNT/A is a multifunctional molecule that can evoke profound cellular responses which warrant a more in-depth understanding of the mechanism of the toxin’s effects after administration.
Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to describe the implementation of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in routine primary care
Authors: Litchfield Ian J , Greenfield Sheila , Turner Grace , Finnikin Sam , Calvert Mel
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThe recently announced long-term plan for the NHS is based on a model of person-centred care which relies on the sustained engagement of patients, shared decision making, and capability for self-management. It is of particular importance to a primary care service under increasing pressure from an ageing and chronically ill population. Patient Reported Outcome Measures appear capable of supporting many of the requirements of this model yet we know little of the circumstances of their current implementation or how their use might be optimised.MethodsWe conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with general practitioners across England that explored their experiences and preferences for the use of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). We then used a post-hoc deductive analysis of the data to populate the consolidated framework for implementation research and provide a systematic description of their existing implementation and the ways in which it can be optimised and sustained.ResultsA total of 25 interviews were conducted. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research highlighted a number of areas that need to be addressed if PROMs are to fulfil their potential to support person-centred care. These include a lack of evidence that they offer any advantage especially if universally deployed in patients possessing a range of backgrounds, preferences and needs. Busy staff were also hesitant to produce more data that might require a response and prioritise their use in already brief consultations. A lack of training and engagement was also apparent both of which were symptomatic of the lack of a guidance in their use from within their practice, Clinical Commissioning Group or across the wider primary care system. ConclusionsThough PROMs can be readily integrated into IT systems and may help support patient engagement General Practitioners will not embrace their use until a compelling body of evidence of their benefit is created, and staff are engaged in when and how they are used. Appropriate training for staff and patients is then required funded as part of a coherent implementation strategy led by commissioning groups and policymakers.
Performance of the Upper Limb Module—A Reliable and Valid Evaluation for Chinese Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Chiu Yuen Yee Alice , Lo Chun Wai , Hui Chi Kuk Connie , Choi Wai Chong Susanna , Lee So Lun , Chan Hoi Shan Sophelia
Published: February 2020

Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease leading to progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Effective assessment tool is needed to allow monitoring of progress to guide the management. This study assessed the reliability and validity of the Performance of Upper Limb (PUL) Module when used in patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). MethodsTotal thirty-three Chinese DMD patients were included. Twenty-five video-recorded PUL Module version 1.3 assessments were performed for the recruited patients with three raters evaluated the same recorded video for inter-rater reliability and evaluated the same performance one month later for intra-rater reliability. Construct validity was assessed correlating the PUL Module scores with the patients’ age, their forced vital capacity (N=25) and their Hammersmith motor scale scores (N=25) performed on the same day. ResultsThe intra-rater and inter-rater reliability (ICC 0.92 - 0.99), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha 0.97 - 0.99) and known groups validity (AUC 0.97) of PUL module were excellent. PUL was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.912), and positively correlated with the forced vital capacity (r = 0.87) and the Hammersmith motor scale (r = 0.84). The findings confirm the high reliability and validity of PUL module, and its high clinical relevancy in monitoring the deteriorating upper limb motor performance that strongly correlated with the lung function and generalized motor performance as age increased in DMD. ConclusionThis first study of PUL module in Chinese patients with DMD confirmed that it is a reliable valid tool to monitor clinical progress and outcome for DMD.
First serological evidence of West Nile virus among equines and birds in Kosovo, 2018-2019
Authors: Rexhepi Agim , Sherifi Kurtesh , Berxholi Kristaq , Xhekaj Betim , Muja-Bajraktari Nesade , Özkul Aykut , von Possel Ronald , Emmerich Petra
Published: February 2020

Background: This study was conducted to survey the presence of the West Nile virus (WNV) in Kosovo by serological testing of the healthy autochthonous equine population and virus detection in birds and mosquitoes. Between January 2018 and June 2019, 260 equine serum samples, 626 mosquitoes (60 pools), 50 domestic birds and 51 wild birds were collected from different regions of Kosovo. Equine and domestic bird serum samples were tested by IgG ELISA while mosquitoes and bird viscera were tested for WNV RNA by RT-PCR. Positive ELISA samples were confirmed by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) and eight by Virus Neutralization Test (VNT). Results: This is the first report providing evidence of WNV antibodies among animals in Kosovo. WNV antibodies were present in 27 out of 260 equine sera (10.38%) and one out of 50 samples in domestic birds by ELISA and PRNT. Eight of 27 positive equine serum samples were confirmed by VNT. No WNV RNA was detected in birds or mosquitoes.Conclusions: The occurrence of WNV antibodies in autochthonous equines from all regions of Kosovo indicates that the virus is circulating within the country. Public health authorities should therefore plan a risk assessment and disease control program.
Dickeya dianthicola emerged from a potato culture area exhibiting a wide diversity of pectinolytic pathogens in northern Morocco
Authors: Oulghazi Said , Moumni Mohieddine , Khayi Slimane , Robic Kevin , Sarfraz Sohaib , Lopez-Roques Céline , Vandecasteele Céline , Faure Denis
Published: February 2020

Background: Dickeya and Pectobacterium are pectinolytic pathogens that cause damage to many plants including major crops. Emergence of D. solani and re-emergence D. dianthicola were recently observed in potato fields in several continents. The purpose of this work was to describe the species diversity of Dickeya and Pectobacterium collected from potato fields in Northern Morocco, where Dickeya potato pathogens have not been isolated until recently. Results: Along three years, 119 pathogens belonging to Pectobacterium and Dickeya genera were isolated from three potato culture areas and characterized using selective PCR and gapA gene sequencing. Out of them, 19% belonged to P. versatile, 3% to P. carotovorum, 5% to P. polaris, 56% to P. brasiliense, while 17% to D. dianthicola. The taxonomic assignations were confirmed by draft genome analyses of representative isolates belonging to the collected species. D. dianthicola were isolated from a unique area where a wide species diversity of pectinolytic pathogens was also observed. In potato maceration assay, D. dianthicola isolates were more aggressive than Pectobacterium isolates, a feature that should alert stakeholders of a potential threat linked to the emergence of D. dianthicola in this country. By combining Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and Illumina technologies, the sequence of the complete genome of D. dianthicola LAR.16.03.LID was obtained. A unique circular chromosome of 4,976,211 bp codes for 4,223 predicted proteins. Comparison of the three complete genomes of D. dianthicola strains RNS049, ME23 and LAR.16.03.LID revealed a highly conserved synteny and the occurrence of strain-specific regions associated with the presence of mobile elements. Conclusion: By combining population sampling and genomics, this study highlighted the ecological context from which D. dianthicola emerged in Morocco. Furthermore, the first complete genome of a D. dianthicola strain isolated in Northern Morocco will constitute a reference genome for investigating the dynamics of the emerging D. dianthicola pathogens in this country.
Mapping evidence of collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals in the reduction of antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic scoping review protocol
Authors: MUSHEBENGE AGANZE GLOIRE-AIME , KADIMA MUKANDA Gedeon , MASHAMBA-THOMPSON TIVANI , NLOOTO MANIMBULU
Published: February 2020

Background The overuse of prescribed antimicrobials, concurrent use of both traditional medicine and prescribed antimicrobials has been shown to lead to antimicrobial resistance. The absence of collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals can contribute to antimicrobial resistance, treatment failure, overdose, toxicity and misadministration. This scoping review explores evidence on collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals in the reduction of antimicrobial resistance and treatment failure in bacterial and viral diseases. Methods/design We will search electronic databases such as Science Direct, Google scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE via EBSCOhost. We will also search reference lists of included studies. A two-stage mapping procedure will be carried out. Stage one (1) will consist of title, abstracts and full article screening, respectively. A piloted screening form guided by the defined eligibility criteria will be used. Stage two (2), data will be extracted from the included studies. Parallel screening and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers. Mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) will be used to assess the quality of the included studies. NVIVO version 11 will be employed to aid pertinent thematic analysis. The outcomes of interest will be as follows: Primary outcome will be the prevention and the reduction of antimicrobial resistance. Secondary outcomes: Effective collaboration between traditional healthcare practitioners and biomedically healthcare professionals. Discussion This review anticipates uncovering pertinent publications reporting the evidence of collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals in the reduction of antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa. The sum up of evidence acquired from the included studies will help guide for future research. The result from the research will be print and electronically exposed.
Process performance and reuse potential of a decentralized wastewater treatment system
Authors: Ranjan Rajiv , Kumar Lokendra , Sabumon P. C.
Published: February 2020

The paper describes briefly the process performance and the reuse potential of a laboratory scale wastewater treatment system. The treatment involves enhanced primary treatment of Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) campus sewage using ferric chloride as a coagulant, anaerobic digestion of coagulated organics, and biofilm aerobic process. The treated effluent after disinfection (using sunlight and chlorine) was used for irrigation of Tagetes erecta (marigold) plants and the plant growth parameters were evaluated for a life span of 3 months. In the primary treatment, an optimum ferric chloride dose of 30 mg/L could remove turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and bacterial count (Escherichia coli) of 69%, 60%, 77%, and 55%, respectively. The coagulated organics could digest in a 25 L anaerobic reactor effectively with methane content in biogas varied between 50 and 60% and enhanced volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction up to 70%. Sunlight based photo-oxidation followed chlorine disinfection saved 50% of the chlorine dose required for disinfection and treated effluent was fit for reuse. The results of growth parameters for Tagetes erecta plants indicate that anaerobically digested sludge is an excellent soil conditioner cum nutrient supplier. The results of this study exhibit a promising reuse potential of a decentralized wastewater treatment system and needs to be promoted for field scale applications.
Exosomes and Lung Cancer: Roles in Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Amiri Atefeh , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Mirzaei Hamid Reza , Nahand Javid Sadri , Moghoofei Mohsen , Sahebnasagh Roxana , Mirzaei Hamed , Hamblin Michael R.
Published: February 2020

:

Lung cancer is a malignancy with a high morbidity and mortality rate, and affected patients
have low survival and poor prognosis. The therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this cancer, including
radiotherapy and chemotherapy, are not particularly effective partly due to late diagnosis.
Therefore, the search for new diagnostic and prognostic tools is a critical issue. Novel biomarkers, such
as exosomes, could be considered as potential diagnostic tools for malignancies, particularly lung cancer.
Exosomes are nanovesicles, which are associated with different physiological and pathological
conditions. It has been shown that these particles are released from many cells, such as cancer cells,
immune cells and to some degree normal cells. Exosomes could alter the behavior of target cells
through intercellular transfer of their cargo (e.g. DNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs
and proteins). Thus, these vehicles may play pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological
conditions. The current insights into lung cancer pathogenesis suggest that exosomes are key players in
the pathogenesis of this cancer. Hence, these nanovesicles and their cargos could be used as new diagnostic,
prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in the treatment of lung cancer. Besides the diagnostic
roles of exosomes, their use as drug delivery systems and as cancer vaccines is under investigation. The
present review summarizes the current information on the diagnostic and pathogenic functions of
exosomes in lung cancer.
Medicinal Chemistry Meets Electrochemistry: Redox Potential in the Role of Endpoint or Molecular Descriptor in QSAR/QSPR
Authors: Nesměrák Karel
Published: February 2020

Many biochemical reactions are based on redox reactions. Therefore, the redox potential of
a chemical compound may be related to its therapeutic or physiological effects. The study of redox
properties of compounds is a domain of electrochemistry. The subject of this review is the relationship
between electrochemistry and medicinal chemistry, with a focus on quantifying these relationships.
A summary of the relevant achievements in the correlation between redox potential and structure, therapeutic
activity, resp., is presented. The first part of the review examines the applicability of QSPR for
the prediction of redox properties of medically important compounds. The second part brings the exhaustive
review of publications using redox potential as a molecular descriptor in QSAR of biological
activity. Despite the complexity of medicinal chemistry and biological reactions, it is possible to employ
redox potential in QSAR/QSPR. In many cases, this electrochemical parameter plays an essential
but rarely absolute role.
Acute Myocarditis in Children: An Overview of Treatment and Recent Patents
Authors: Fung Ronald C.M. , Hon Kam L. , Leung Alexander K.C.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Pediatric myocarditis is rare but challenging. This overview summarized the current knowledge and recent patents on childhood myocarditis.

Methods:

Clinical queries and keywords of “myocarditis” and “childhood” were used as search engine.

Results:

Viral infections are the most common causes of acute myocarditis. Affected children often have a prodrome of fever, malaise, and myalgia. Clinical manifestations of acute myocarditis in children can be nonspecific. Some children may present with easy fatigability, poor appetite, vomiting, abdominal pain, exercise intolerance, respiratory distress/tachypnea, dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, chronic cough with wheezing, chest pain, unexplained tachycardia, hypotension, syncope, and hepatomegaly. Supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart block may be present. A subset of patients have fulminant myocarditis and present with cardiovascular collapse, which may progress to severe cardiogenic shock, and even death. A high index of suspicion is crucial to its diagnosis and timely management. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is important in aiding clinical diagnosis while, endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard. The treatment consists of supportive therapy, ranging from supplemental oxygen and fluid restriction to mechanical circulatory support. Angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors, angio-tensin II receptor blockers, β-blockers, and aldosterone antagonists might be used for the treatment of heart failure while, immunosuppression treatments remain controversial. There are a few recent patents targeting prevention or treatment of viral myocarditis, including an immunogenic composition comprising a PCV-2 antigen, glutathione-S-transferase P1, neuregulins, NF-[kappa] B inhibitor, a pharmaceutical composition which contains 2-amino-2- (2- (4-octyl phenyl) - ethyl) propane 1,3-diol, a composition containing pycnojenol, Chinese herbal concoctions, and a Korean oral rapamycin. Evidence of their efficacy is still lacking.

Conclusions:

This article reviews the current literature regarding etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of acute myocarditis in children.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyelesaian masa studi program pascasarjana di Institut Pertanian Bogor
Authors: Yuniar Dina , Mulyati Heti , Cahyadi Eko Ruddy
Published: February 2020

Rata-rata penyelesaian masa studi program magister Sekolah Pascasarjana di Institut Pertanian Bogor kurang dari dua tahun (17,5%). Oleh karena itu, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi baik dari aspek internal maupun eksternal perlu dikaji. Faktor internal berasal dari dalam diri mahasiswa yang meliputi kemampuan akademik dan motivasi. Faktor eksternal mencakup faktor lingkungan dan pembimbing saat menyelesaikan tugas akhir. Pengambilan data dan informasi menggunakan instumen kuesioner yang terstruktur terhadap lulusan program magister. Analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, analisis faktor, dan regresi linier berganda. Penyelesaian masa studi meliputi faktor-faktor kualitas pembimbingan, pelayanan dan lingkungan, kemampuan mahasiswa, motivasi, responsif serta gelar dan prestis. Analisis lebih lanjut menunjukkan penyelesaian masa studi sangat terkait dengan faktor-faktor eksternal yang berasal dari luar seperti layanan pendidikan dan faktor lingkungan, di antaranya lingkungan kampus yang bersih dan hijau, lingkungan belajar yang tenang dan nyaman. Responsif terhadap feedback dari pembimbing untuk segera memperbaiki tesis secara intens dan tepat waktu merupakan faktor internal.Kata kunci: masa studi, perguruan tinggi, eksternal, internal, analisis faktor Factors on completing study of master students in graduate schoolAbstractCompletion of the final assignment of the Postgraduate school master's program at the Institut Pertanian Bogor on average less than two years (17,5%). This is the purpose of the research, namely to see the factors that influence the completion of the final task. The factors that influence the study period consist of internal and external factors. Internal factors originating from within the student themselves include academic ability and motivation. External factors come from outside such as environmental factors and mentors when completing the final task. Retrieval of data and information in this study using a structured questionnaire instrument for graduates of the Institute Pertanian Bogor University's Graduate School Masters program. The analysis uses descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and multiple linear regression. Completion of the study period includes factors of coaching quality, service, and environment, student ability, motivation, responsiveness and degree, and prestige. Further analysis shows that the completion of studies is closely related to external factors originating from outside such as education services and environmental factors, including a clean and green campus environment, a quiet and comfortable learning environment. Responsiveness to feedback from the counselor to immediately correct the thesis in an intense and timely manner is internal.Keywords: complete a study, postgraduate, external, internal, factor analysis
Pembentukan karakter disiplin siswa melalui kultur sekolah
Authors: Sobri Muhammad , Nursaptini Nursaptini , Widodo Arif , Sutisna Deni
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses pembentukan karakter disiplin siswa melalui beberapa identifikasi kultur sekolah. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif, karena penelitian ini hanya menggambarkan dan melukiskan mengenai proses pembentukan karakter disiplin siswa melalui beberapa identifikasi kultur sekolah. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan dilakukan melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini ditentukan secara purposive, yaitu pemilihan subjek penelitian secara sengaja oleh peneliti berdasarkan tujuan dan kriteria tertentu. Penentuan subjek penelitian didasarkan pada ciri-ciri atau karakteristik tertentu berdasarkan penilaian subjektivitas peneliti. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis induktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa karakter disiplin siswa terbentuk melalui beberapa identifikasi kultur sekolah yakni artifak sekolah, tata tertib, ritus atau upacara-upacara, dan nilai-nilai atau keyakinan yang dianut warga sekolah. Dengan demikian disiplin sangat penting untuk perkembangan siswa agar berhasil mencapai hidup yang bahagia, bisa beradaptasi dengan baik dalam lingkungan sosial termasuk di lingkungan sekolah. Upaya pembentukan karakter disiplin siswa di sekolah mencakup segala hal yang mempengaruhi siswa untuk membantu mereka agar dapat memahami dan menyesuaikan diri dengan tuntutan lingkungan.AbstractThis study aims to explain the process of shaping the character of student discipline through several identifications of school culture. This research is included in the descriptive study because this research only describes and illustrates the process of forming the character of student discipline through some identification of school culture. This research is qualitative. The collection technique is done through interviews, documentation, and observation. The research subjects in this study were determined purposively, namely the deliberate selection of research subjects by researchers based on specific objectives and criteria. The determination of the research subject is based on certain characteristics or characteristics based on the assessment of the subjectivity of the researcher. The data analysis technique used is the inductive analysis technique. The results of the study concluded that the character of student discipline was formed through some identification of school culture namely school artifacts, discipline, rites or ceremonies, and the values or beliefs held by school residents. Thus the discipline is very important for student development to achieve a happy life, can adapt well in the social environment, including in the school environment. Efforts to shape the character of student discipline at school include everything that affects students to help them understand and adjust to the demands of the environment.
Pendekatan relasi antar etnis untuk meningkatkan rasa solidaritas kebangsaan siswa SMA dalam pembelajaran sejarah
Authors: Pambudi Wahyu , Sariyatun Sariyatun , Musadad Akhmad Arif
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran sejarah Indonesia di SMA yang didesain dengan pendekatan relasi antar etnis dan mengevaluasi pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatkan rasa solidaritas kebangsaan siswa. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development, - R & D) sesuai prosedur Borg & Gall (2003). Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 1 Kota Kediri. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi dan angket. Analisis data statistik parametrik menggunakan bantuan program SPSS for windows versi 22.0. Hasil pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran sejarah Indonesia berbasis relasi antar etnis (RAE) layak untuk diimplementasikan. Uji efektifitas model dengan teknik uji-t antar kelompok menunjukkan hasil t. 2,398, dengan taraf sig. 0,019 yang berarti model pembelajaran RAE efektif untuk meningkatkan rasa solidaritas kebangsaan siswa AbstractThis research aims to develop a learning model of Indonesian history at senior high school which is designed by correlation approach among the ethnics and to evaluates the effect toward the improvement of students’ national solidarity. The research was conducted by using research and development methods (R&D) according to Borg & Gall procedure (2003). The research subject was students of SMAN 1 Kediri City. The data collection used techniques of documentation, observation, and questionnaire. Data analysis of parametric statistics used program SPSS for Windows version 22.0. The result of development showed that the learning model of Indonesian history with inter ethnics correlation (IEC) based is feasible to be implemented. The effectiveness test of the model was by independent samples t-test technique showed the result t. 2,398 with sig. value 0,019, which means learning model CIE, is effective to improve students’ national solidarity.
Penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Pratami Azmi Zakiyya , Suhartono Suhartono , Salimi Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu: 1.) Mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation; 2.) Meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS; dan 3.) Mendeskripsikan kendala dan solusi dalam penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 6 Panjer tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 24 siswa. Data yang digunakan berupa data kualitatif yaitu penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation dan data kuantitatif yaitu hasil belajar IPS tema cita-citaku. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1.) Model group investigation diterapkan dengan langkah: membentuk kelompok, mengidentifikasi topik, merencanakan investigasi, melaksanakan investigasi, menyiapkan laporan akhir, mempresentasikan laporan akhir, dan evaluasi; 2.) Hasil belajar IPS pada tema cita-citaku meningkat. Pada siklus I hingga siklus III angka hasil belajar mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan; dan 3.) Kendala yang ditemui antara lain: siswa kesulitan untuk mencari informasi dari sumber. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS pada tema cita-citaku. AbstractThe purpose of this study, namely: 1.) Describes the application of the group investigation learning model; 2.) Improving social studies learning outcomes on the theme of my ideals; and 3.) Describing the constraints and solutions in applying the group investigation learning model. This research is collaborative classroom action research. The subjects of this study were teachers and fourth grade students of SD Negeri 6 Panjer 2018/2019 academic year, totaling 24 students. The data used in the form of qualitative data, namely the application of the group investigation learning model and quantitative data, namely the results of social studies learning theme my goal. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and tests. The results of this study indicate that: 1.) The investigation group model is applied by steps: forming groups, identifying topics, planning investigations, carrying out investigations, preparing final reports, presenting final reports, and evaluating; 2.) Social studies learning outcomes on the theme of my dreams are increasing. In the first cycle till third cycle always be advance significantly; and 3.) obstacles encountered include: students having difficulty finding information from sources. The conclusion of this study is the application of the Group investigation learning model can improve social studies learning outcomes on the theme of my dreams.
Distributed Regression Analysis Application in Large Distributed Data Networks: Analysis of Precision and Operational Performance
Authors: Her Qoua , Malenfant Jessica , Zhang Zilu , Vilk Yury , Young Jessica , Tabano David , Hamilton Jack , Johnson Ron , Raebel Marsha , Boudreau Denise , Toh Sengwee
Published: February 2020

Background

A distributed data network approach combined with distributed regression analysis (DRA) can reduce the risk of disclosing sensitive individual and institutional information in multicenter studies. However, software that facilitates large-scale and efficient implementation of DRA is limited.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the precision and operational performance of a DRA application comprising a SAS-based DRA package and a file transfer workflow developed within the open-source distributed networking software PopMedNet in a horizontally partitioned distributed data network.

Methods

We executed the SAS-based DRA package to perform distributed linear, logistic, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis on a real-world test case with 3 data partners. We used PopMedNet to iteratively and automatically transfer highly summarized information between the data partners and the analysis center. We compared the DRA results with the results from standard SAS procedures executed on the pooled individual-level dataset to evaluate the precision of the SAS-based DRA package. We computed the execution time of each step in the workflow to evaluate the operational performance of the PopMedNet-driven file transfer workflow.

Results

All DRA results were precise (<10−12), and DRA model fit curves were identical or similar to those obtained from the corresponding pooled individual-level data analyses. All regression models required less than 20 min for full end-to-end execution.

Conclusions

We integrated a SAS-based DRA package with PopMedNet and successfully tested the new capability within an active distributed data network. The study demonstrated the validity and feasibility of using DRA to enable more privacy-protecting analysis in multicenter studies.
Using Complexity Assessment to Inform the Development and Deployment of a Digital Dashboard for Schizophrenia Care: Case Study
Authors: Gremyr Andreas , Andersson Gäre Boel , Greenhalgh Trisha , Malm Ulf , Thor Johan , Andersson Ann-Christine
Published: February 2020

Background

Health care is becoming more complex. For an increasing number of individuals, interacting with health care means addressing more than just one illness or disorder, engaging in more than one treatment, and interacting with more than one care provider. Individuals with severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia are disproportionately affected by this complexity. Characteristic symptoms can make it harder to establish and maintain relationships. Treatment failure is common even where there is access to effective treatments, increasing suicide risk. Knowledge of complex adaptive systems has been increasingly recognized as useful in understanding and developing health care. A complex adaptive system is a collection of interconnected agents with the freedom to act based on their own internalized rules, affecting each other. In a complex health care system, relevant feedback is crucial in enabling continuous learning and improvement on all levels. New technology has potential, but the failure rate of technology projects in health care is high, arguably due to complexity. The Nonadoption, Abandonment, and challenges to Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability (NASSS) framework and complexity assessment tool (NASSS-CAT) have been developed specifically to help identify and manage complexity in technology-related development projects in health care.

Objective

This study aimed to use a pilot version of the NASSS-CAT instrument to inform the development and deployment of a point-of-care dashboard supporting schizophrenia care in west Sweden. Specifically, we report on the complexity profile of the project, stakeholders’ experiences with using NASSS-CAT, and practical implications.

Methods

We used complexity assessment to structure data collection and feedback sessions with stakeholders, thereby informing an emergent approach to the development and deployment of the point-of-care dashboard. We also performed a thematic analysis, drawing on observations and documents related to stakeholders' use of the NASSS-CAT to describe their views on its usefulness.

Results

Application of the NASSS framework revealed different types of complexity across multiple domains, including the condition, technology, value proposition, organizational tasks and pathways, and wider system. Stakeholders perceived the NASSS-CAT tool as useful in gaining perspective and new insights, covering areas that might otherwise have been neglected. Practical implications derived from feedback sessions with managers and developers are described.

Conclusions

This case study shows how stakeholders can identify and plan to address complexities during the introduction of a technological solution. Our findings suggest that NASSS-CAT can bring participants a greater understanding of complexities in digitalization projects in general.