bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of evidence-based psychotherapy on employee retention
Authors: Falcon Maja , Chen Connie , Bandari Roja , Kocher Bob , Shah Nirav
Published: December 2021

Objective: To examine the relationship between mental health treatment and employee retention. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study Methods: 14 companies (184,715 employees) were studied evaluating retention among individuals who used an evidence-based mental health benefit. Among three companies who provided health plan claims (n=24,947), we compared 1,966 employees who used the evidence-based mental health benefit and 1,063 who had usual care. Survival analysis was used to compare the probability of staying at the company for the two cohorts. Cox Proportional Hazards Models were used to evaluate the hazard ratio of leaving the company for those who used the evidence-based mental health benefit versus usual care. Results: Among 14 companies (184,715 employees) with the evidence-based mental health benefit, 11% who used the evidence-based mental health benefit left the company within 12 months, compared to 22% of those who did not. Among three companies who provided health plan claims, 12 month rates of employee turnover were 7% for the evidence-based mental health benefit versus 15% for health plan psychotherapy (p<0.005). Among the subgroup of employees with an anxiety diagnosis, the relative risk of employees leaving the company was 27% lower among those who used the evidence-based mental health benefit versus usual care (p=0.03). Limitations: Employees have the option to choose between the evidence-based mental health benefit and usual care so we are not able to account for immeasurable differences between the two groups. Conclusions: Use of an evidence-based mental health benefit over health plan mental health care (usual care) is associated with lower employee turnover.
Respiratory System Impairments in Children with Cerebral Palsy: Outpatient Surveillance, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Dias Bruno , Lima Fernanda
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is the most common physical disability of childhood. Respiratory problems are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in cerebral palsy. Methods: The study is characterized by a scoping review. The search for articles was carried out in August 2021 in the PubMed, Medline, SciELO, LILACs and Google Schoolar databases, with the keywords "cerebral palsy” and "respiratory". Results: Overall, 1037 articles were found, 10 duplicates were removed and 167 were pre-selected after the analysis of titles and abstracts. Then, 90 were excluded due to lack of appropriateness after reading the full-texts, thus yielding a total of 77 studies. Discussion: Risk of respiratory disease should be screened at least every 12 months based on the following criteria: a hospital admission for respiratory illness in the past 12 months; a Gross Motor Function Classification System level V; a Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System level III–V. The screening aims to lead to early diagnosis and treatment, and consists in actively evaluate the risk factors for emergency department visits and hospital admissions. A Gross Motor Function Classification System level V is the strongest predictor, but dysphagia and seizures are the strongest potentially modifiable factors. Aspiration pneumonia is the main cause of death. The main risk for aspiration are dysphagia; uncontrolled seizures; gastroesophageal reflux disease; and drooling. Other comorbidities should also be actively screened: undernutrition; tone disorders; skeletal malalignment; upper respiratory obstruction; airway clearence impairment; and restrictive lung disease. Conclusion: Respiratory impairments in CP results from a complex multifactorial process influenced by several interrelated pathophysiological factors, directly and indirectly influenced by other common comorbidities in CP. Active and early surveillance, diagnosis and treatment, involving multiple medical specialties and rehabilitation professionals is essential for success in improving the quality of life and reducing morbidity and mortality of these patients.
Re-treatment of Prostate Cancer with Radiation Therapy
Authors: Quinn Thomas , Bushe Harry , Higgins Shannon , Taylor Joshua , Fan Yankhua , Kuo I-Lin , Ding Linda , Ebb Ronald , Dann Jeffrey , Walsh William , Babineau Robert , McIntosh Lacey , Goldstein Alan , Jiang Zhong , Aronowitz Jesse , Bishop-Jodoin Maryann , FitzGerald Thomas
Published: December 2021

As treatment for prostate cancer matures with many options for local, regional and systemic care, patients are living longer. Coupled with aggressive therapy for oligometastatic disease and improvements in multiple treatment pathways including radiopharmacy, both disease-free and overall survival are improving for many patients. Success can also bring new challenges that require new thought processes for care. In this paper we present two patients who had undergone previous radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate with curative intent who required consideration for re-irradiation each more than 15 years away from primary management.
DETECÇÃO FENOTÍPICA DE BACTÉRIAS GRAM-NEGATIVAS PRODUTORAS DE CARBAPENEMASES EM EFLUENTE HOSPITALAR NA AMAZÔNIA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL.
Authors: Ribeiro Edlainny Araujo , De Oliveira Rodrigo Alves , Melo Jose Douglas Da Gama , Da Silva Graziele Talia Pereira , Carneiro Jhessica Lorraynny Silva , Da Silva Iury Kezia Lustosa
Published: December 2021

A resistência a antimicrobianos é um problema de saúde pública emergente, infecções que eram tratadas com relativa facilidade podem voltar a matar cerca de 10 milhões de pessoas até 2050. Elementos móveis transferidos horizontalmente são associados à disseminação de genes de resistência a antibióticos em ambiente hospitalar e microbiota ambiental. Determinar as características fenotípicas de resistência aos antimicrobianos de bactérias gram-negativas isoladas em efluente hospitalar em um hospital de média e alta complexidade na Amazônia. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo descritivo, realizado em um hospital que presta serviços de média e alta complexidade. As coletas contaram com uma amostra diária de antes e após o tratamento do esgoto, o que resultou em 50 análises. A detecção fenotípica e perfil de suscetibilidade foram realizados seguindo métodos já validados. Das 50 amostras analisadas, todas apresentaram crescimento ≥ 105 UFC/ml. Com maior frequência antes do tratamento foram detectados Klebsiella ozaenae (n=6), Citrobacter diversus (n=5) e Escherichia coli (n=4). Já após o tratamento, foram detectados com maior frequência isolados de Klebsiella ozaenae (n=8), P. aeruginosa (n=3), Salmonella sp. (n=3) e A. baumannii (n=1). Foram detectadas cinco cepas produtoras de Carbapenemases no teste fenotípico, apresentando CIM para imipenem e meropenem ≥ 32mcg/ml. Foi possível detectar a presença de bactérias gram-negativas que fenotipicamente expressaram a presença de carbapenemases. Cabe ressaltar que se disseminados para o meio ambiente essas bactérias podem alterar a microbiota ambiental e causar grandes danos à saúde das pessoas que utilizam recursos naturais.
PROFESSOR S.V. KARPEEV IS 60 YEARS OLD
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia, Kolomiets Eduard I.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a summary of scientific and pedagogical activity of a leading researcher of the Institute of Image Processing Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Sergey Vladimirovich Karpeev, a well known expert in the field of computer optics. The celebrant`s contribution to the development of methods of research of diffractive optical elements and the use of computer optics methods to solve a wide range of problems is being analyzed in the article.
THE ALGORITHM FOR DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE PRODUCTION CYCLE IN BEARING INDUSTRY
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia, Geraskin Mikhail I. , Egorova Victoria V. ,   Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia
Published: December 2021

The authors consider the problems in production resources optimization planning by production cycle criteria inside the business process of industrial companies working in the interim manufacturing sectors. The authors have worked-out the models of static and dynamic order optimization for the company production resources in view of pricing and process restrictions. We have also developed the production cycle mechanism optimization to be used in simulating the optimum programs for the companies that work in Russian bearing industry.
Margaret Atwood’s Hag-Seed: Dramatic Encounters between Classic and Adaptation, Life and Art, Freedom and Imprisonment
Authors: Bartnicka Anna Joanna
Published: December 2021

This paper examines Margaret Atwood’s novel Hag-Seed (2016) as a metatextual adaptation of Shakespeare’s literary classic The Tempest. The terms “adaptation” and “classic” are employed to explain the relation of Atwood’s work to its source material. The performance of The Tempest prepared by the characters of the novel that engages convicts is a form of multi-media interactive theater, and the classical text of the Shakespearean play is considered a form of “sacra” (Turner), which has educational and utilitarian purposes. Michel Foucault’s analysis of prison, his concept of “heterotopia”, and Victor Turner’s concept of “liminality” are introduced to discuss the convicts participating in a theatrical workshop as liminal individuals during the ritual of transition while in the heterotopian space of a prison.
Bibliometric Analysis of HIV and Exercise Literature Based on Scientific Studies from 1990-2020
Authors: Köse Elif , Seyman Derya , Sarigül-Yildirim Figen , Yerlisu-Lapa Tennur , Tercan-Kaas Evren
Published: December 2021

Background: Exercise is believed to play an important role in maintaining functionality in patients with HIV and it is thought that researchers are increasingly interested in this field. We aimed to shed light on the historical development of research on HIV and exercise by utilizing visual mapping method.
Methods: Overall, 1051 articles retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) core database were analyzed according to the publication year and language, number of issues, citation, country collaborations, co-citation networks and concept–topic trends by using CiteSpace software.
Results: The United States played a key role in country collaborations, and had the highest citation burst. The most cited studies were meta-analysis studies. The studies gathered mainly around the clusters named “physical activity” and “metabolic abnormalities” meanwhile, the recent topics of research were heart failure, metabolism, comorbidity, Ethiopia, muscle, cardiovascular event and drug user.
Conclusion: The reason why USA was found to be one of the key actors in the network is supposed to be the financial resources it can allocate for the studies conducted. It appears that the majority of the studies in the field dwell upon the impact of exercise on the physical parameters in HIV patients, whereas there are only a limited number of studies focusing on the impact of exercise on HIV-induced psychological and cognitive problems. Recent studies on neurocognitive impairment, on the other hand, are predictive of possible future popularity of such topics among researchers.
PiRNA Biogenesis and Their Role in Human Cancers and Other Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Shirzad Hadi
Published: December 2021

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) with the length of approximately 26-30 nucleotides are a distinct class of small non-coding RNAs that mainly expressed in the animal gonads. Other small RNAs originate from double stranded precursors but piRNAs derive from long single-stranded primary transcripts, which expressed from distinct genomic regions. piRNAs are involved in silencing of mobile elements named transposons and their main role is germline maintenance. Recent studies have opened new insights on biological and clinical significance of piRNAs in various diseases. Abnormal expression of piRNAs is a remarkable feature in many diseases especially human cancers, which emphasize on their important biological role in disease progression. Furthermore, they can be served as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumor diagnostics and treatment. In this review, we explained piRNAs characteristics, biogenesis process and functions, discuss new findings about involvement of these elements in various disease and their potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers.
Stress and Depression in Family Members of Patients with De-mentia in Urban and Rural Communities: Cross-Sectional Sur-veys in Korea
Authors: Kim Seok Hwan , Lee Junga
Published: December 2021

Background: We compared the associations of socioeconomic factors with stress and depression among family members living with a dementia patient in urban and rural areas of South Korea.
Methods: Data were collected from 9,730 (4,560 urban and 5,170 rural) participants in the Korean Community Health Survey from 2014-17. The variable of interest was the presence of a cohabitating dementia patient, and the dependent variables were stress and depression.
Results: Family members living with a dementia patient in rural areas had a significantly lower socioeconomic status (education, household income, marital status, and employment) than those living in urban areas (p<0.001). In addition, family members living with a dementia patient in rural areas reported statistically significantly less stress and depression than did those in urban areas after adjusting for related factors(rural stress OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.80-0.95; rural depression OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.66-0.85). Female gender and a low family income were associated with stress and depression in both rural and urban areas. Age, educational attainment, number of family members, marital status, and employment status differed slightly between urban and rural areas.
Conclusion: The socioeconomic factors associated with stress and depression differ slightly in the rural and urban areas of South Korea.
Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA) Cycle Nursing Model Reduces the Risk of Hemangioma in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Sun Juan , Cao Wei , Song Yang , Yuan Chunmei
Published: December 2021

Background: We aimed to explore the effect of Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA) circulation nursing on the prevention of aneurysm after hemodialysis.
Methods: A total of 139 hemodialysis patients from Oct 2018 to Jan 2020 in Nephrology Department of the First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, China were enrolled. They were randomly divided into control group and PCDA group, including 58 patients in control group and 81 patients in PCDA group. Patients' satisfaction, blood flow in arteriovenous internal fistula and the incidence of post-dialysis vascular-related complications were statistically investigated in the two groups.
Results: The satisfaction of patients in PDCA group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.001). In addition, when there was no statistical difference in blood flow between the two groups, the probability of complications such as internal fistula obstruction, thrombosis, infection, secondary puncture and aneurysm was lower in patients in the PDCA group, none of which occurred aneurysm.
Conclusion: PDCA circulation nursing can effectively improve the quality of care and medical effect of hemodialysis patients with internal arteriovenous fistula, improve patient satisfaction and reduce the incidence of complications.
Possibilities for the Entrance of SARS-Cov-2 as an Archaeal Vi-rus into the Ecosystem
Authors: Mirshafiey Abbas , Aslani Mona , Mortazavi-Jahromi Seyed Shahabeddin
Published: December 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Hasat Sonrası Salisilik Asit Uygulamalarının “Roxana” Kayısı Çeşidinin Muhafazası Süresince Aroma Bileşenlerine Etkisi
Authors: YUNUSOĞLU Serpil Varlı , EKİNCİ Neslihan , GÜNDOĞDU M. Ali
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, hasat sonrası salisilik asit (SA) uygulamalarının “Roxana” kayısı çeşidinin muhafazası süresince aroma bileşenlerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, hasat edilen meyvelerde üç farklı dozda (0,5, 1 ve 2 mM) salisilik asit uygulaması yapılmış ve uygulama yapılmamış kontrol grubu meyvelerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma grubundaki bütün meyveler 1 gün ön soğutma işlemine tabi tutulmuş ve 0±0,5°C sıcaklıkta ve %90±5 oransal nem içeren normal atmosfer koşullarında 45 gün süresince soğuk hava deposunda muhafaza edilmiştir. Araştırmada hasattan sonra başlangıç analizleri ile birlikte 15 günlük aralıklarla suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı (% SÇKM), titre edilebilir toplam asitlik (% malik asit) ve aroma bileşen kompozisyonu parametreleri incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada 2 mM salisilik asit uygulaması tüm kriterlerde ön plana çıkmış ve meyvelerin olgunlaşma hızını diğer uygulamalara göre yavaşlatmıştır. Çalışmada incelenen “Roxana” kayısı çeşidine ait meyvelerde aldehit, ester, keton, lakton, alkol ve terpen aroma bileşen grupları tespit edilmiştir. Kayısı meyvelerinin karakteristik aromasına katkı sağlayan bileşen gruplarından lakton ve esterlerde, 1 ve 2 mM SA uygulamaları bu aroma bileşenlerinin olması gereken düzeyde sentezlenmesine katkı sağlamıştır. Ester aroma bileşen grubunda yer alan ve kayısı meyvesi için majör aroma bileşenlerinden olan hekzil asetat bileşeni başlangıçta 332,1 değerinde tespit edilmiş ve olgunluğun ilerlemesiyle miktarında artış gerçekleşmiştir. 15 günlük muhafaza periyodunun sonunda hekzil asetat bileşeninde en yüksek artış kontrol uygulamasında iken, 45 günlük muhafaza süresinin sonunda en yüksek değer 579,9 değeri ile 2 mM salisilik asit uygulamasında tespit edilmiştir.
Frontline Response to High Impact Domestic Violence in Finland
Authors: October Martta , Mela Marianne , Nipuli Suvi , Houtsonen Jarmo
Published: December 2021

Finland is committed to the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention). The Convention entered into force in Finland on August 1st 2015. The Current Government Programme of the Prime Minister also includes several initiatives to better combat domestic violence. In 2020, 10,800 incidents of domestic violence and intimate partner violence offences were reported to the authorities. The number of reported offences decreased by 1,2 per cent from 2019. Among all the adult victims of domestic violence and intimate partner violence, 75.2 per cent were women, whereas 78.1 per cent of suspects were men. In 2020, there were in total 29 shelters for victims of domestic violence in Finland. There are several NGOs supporting victims of domestic violence and providing perpetrator programmes in Finland. When discussing the good practices of cooperation, ‘Anchor’ ('Ankkuri') teams shall be mentioned. 'Anchor' teams are multi-agency teams working in several police departments in Finland. These teams often consist of police officers, social workers, and psychiatric nurses. The Anchor model supports the well-being of children and adolescents and prevents juvenile crime and violent radicalisation.
III Health and agricultural production: Evidence from Kogi State of Nigeria
Authors:   Kogi State University, Nigeria, Onuche U , Opaluwa HI , Edoka MH
Published: December 2021

This study was carried out to analyse the impact of ill health on agricultural outputs in rural areas of Kogi state, central Nigeria. The motivation derives from the fact that rural areas which are strategically important for national food security are more prone to health hazards as a result of the poor nature of health services arising partly from neglect by government. The objectives were to present the socioeconomic characteristics of the rural farm households and identify the prevailing health and agricultural production nexus in the area. The use of multistage random sampling procedure was employed in the selection of 263 rural households for questionnaire administration in order to elicit relevant data related to their farming enterprises and health. The use of descriptive statistics and production function analysis were employed. The study revealed that the average age of the household heads was 46.4 years while the average household size was 6.5 persons. Also, the average farm size was 1.43 ha and the average number of years of formal education was found to be 7.4. Furthermore, the study revealed that the most prominent disease conditions affecting farm families were malaria fever, typhoid fever and diarrhea and these led to an average of 8.2 days reduction in time available for farm work in a farming season. Result from the production function analysis revealed that the elasticities of farm size (0.419), family size (0.099), number of contacts with extension staff (0.018), labour (0.012) and naira amount of credit accessed (0.25) were positively signed and significant at 1%, 10%, 1%, 5% and 1% respectively; while number of days of farm work lost to ill health was negatively signed (-0.09) and significant at 5%. Findings suggest that focusing on number of days of farming activities lost to ill health in a household might help elicit a clearer picture of the effect of transient ill health on agricultural production. More research and development effort in the provision of and accessibility to health care in the rural areas in order to reduce the incidence of diseases are recommended. Such efforts should also include the provision of adequate health and environmental education for the rural population as the most common ailments discovered in the study area are actually hygiene and environment related.
Assessment of soil compacted state in forest road costruction
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Katarov V.K. , Aleshina N.V. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Syunev V.S. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Rat’kova E.I. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Markov V.I. ,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: December 2021

The issue of soil compacted state forecasting during the construction of a forest road is considered. The mechanical system formation of contacting particles of the compacted soil are given and substantiated. A model of compaction of a loose soil layer in the system "compaction device - compacted material" has been developed. A new compartment approach in this field of applied research was used, within which the system under study is subdivided into interconnected units, called compartments, the content of a certain substance in each of them is a separate variable of the system. Various technological situations are analyzed with the minimum and maximum allowable boom outreach of the excavator. The modeling of the effect of porosity on the soil layer thickness during its compaction, denser packing of particles and the appearance of residual (irreversible) deformations has been carried out. A method for determining the relationship between the degree of soil compaction and changes in its porosity and deformations has been developed. The complexity of the theoretical study of the compacted soil is substantiated. The practical significance of the developed model of soil layer compaction and the methodology for assessing its deformations has been confirmed with successful implementation at the design and monitoring stages of the construction of a pilot section of a forest road located in the Republic of Karelia on the basis of Petrozavodsk State University.
Protective forest plantations and treatment methods influence on agrophysical properties of chestnut soil and agricultural yield
Authors:   Volgograd State Agricultural University, Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, Sarychev А.N. , Kostin M.V. ,   Institute of Fоrеst Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Pleskachev Yu.N. ,   Federal Research Center «Nemchinovka»
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of many years research on the complex effect of basic tillage and shelterbelts methods on the content of macroelements in the soil, the conditions of water supply and the formation of the spring barley yield on zonal light-chestnut soils.
Functional zoning of the Sanarsky State Nature Complex Reserve of the Chelyabinsk region by the method of decoding aerial photographs
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Sibirkina A.R. , Trofimova L.V. ,   Chelyabinsk State University, Lushnikov D.S. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: December 2021

The article provides data on the Sanarsky nature reserve in the Chelyabinsk region. A map-diagram for the functional zoning of the reserve is proposed. It provides the information on the negative factors affecting the reserve such as forest fires, commercial and hobby hunting, the Chelyabinsk — Magnitogorsk motorway which divides the territory of the reserve into two parts. The analysis of the probable habitat of 10 vertebrate species has been carried out. The article presents a biological description and ecology features of animals listed in the Red Book and living on the territory of the reserve, including one species of amphibians — Siberian salamander (Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870), one species of snakes of the genus Copperheads, the family of snakes — smooth snake (Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768), four species of birds, two of the hawk family — the Pale Harrier (Circus macrourus SG Gmelin, 1770) and the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809), the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos L., 1758) — the largest eagle and the Owl (Bubo bubo L., 1758) from the owl family; two species from the order bats — Brandt’s Moth (Myotis brandtii Eversmann, 1845) and Woodbat (Pipistrellus nathusii Keyserling & Blasius, 1839); one species of the Lagomorph family — the Steppe pika (Ochotona pusilla) and one species from the Jerboa family — the Great Jerboa (Allactaga major Kerr, 1792). It has been established that within the reserve three functional zones can be distinguished such as a recreation zone, an economic zone, a specially protected zone. On this basis, a map-diagram of the functional zoning of the Sanarsky State Natural Complex Reserve has been developed.
Między rozumem a instynktem twórczym. Leona Chwistka poglądy na krytykę sztuki
Authors: Rozmarynowski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

Leon Chwistek był jednym z najważniejszych myślicieli w Polsce okresu międzywojennego. Będąc filozofem, logikiem, artystą i teoretykiem sztuki, niejednokrotnie komentował historyczne i współczesne sobie zjawiska życia artystycznego, a także formułował wyraziste poglądy na temat krytyki sztuki. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest syntetyczne omówienie tych poglądów i nakreślenie kontekstu, w jakim się one kształtowały. Tym samym w artykule autor odwołuje się nie tylko do osiągnięć teoretyczno-artystycznych Chwistka, ale również do jego filozofii i dokonań naukowych. W tym celu autor prezentuje kluczowe zagadnienia krytyki sztuki Chwistka w układzie problemowym, przeprowadzając analizę treści wybranych wypowiedzi i nakreślając ich konteksty kulturowe. Omówione zostają kolejno następujące aspekty: miejsce krytyki artystycznej w ogólnie pojętym życiu kulturalnym Polski międzywojennej, doświadczenie jako podstawa sądu krytycznego, metodologia pracy krytyka sztuki, kryteria wartościowania dzieł sztuki i postaw twórczych.
Assessment of Intercultural Bilingual Education in the Brazilian State of Amazonas
Authors: Meunier Olivier
Published: December 2021

In Brazil, and more generally, in Latin America, the struggle of the indigenous movements for the demarcation of their ancestral land and the development of an intercultural education contributed to the constitutional changes of the 1980s, which led these states to regard themselves as a multicultural nation and to recognize specific collective rights to native people and tribes living on their territory. This dynamic deals with the scope of a democratic transition and a decentralization process which characterizes a new form of governance of almost all Latin America countries where the indigenous territories and the resources at their disposal can be preserved. By giving the possibility to formulate another vision of the school education based on a dialectic between indigenous knowledge and school knowledge in a sustainable developmental perspective of the indigenous territories, new experiments started to be expanded from the 1990s. This article advances the discussion between globalized and localized educational practices. It enlightens the debate between the homogenization of school systems and other alternatives such as the use of traditional knowledge. It focuses on socio-cultural knowledge and its intersection between formal and informal education. The first section of this paper presents the theoretical framework of my research and its methodology. The second section discusses, in a historical background, how the Brazilian indigenous public policies were implemented. In the third section, I use my fieldwork data to examine and analyze the advent and the development of intercultural bilingual education (IBE) in two regions of Amazonas state (Alto Solimões and Alto Rio Negro) among the Ticuna, Baniwa, and Tukano people during the 1990s and 2000s.
Lockdowns and their legitimacy in the context of Adam Smith’s economic philosophy and liberalism
Authors: Żurawski Paweł
Published: December 2021

Since the beginning of 2020, lockdowns have been introduced in numerous countries across the world in response to the emergence of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes the COVID-19 disease. Although the topic of lockdowns has been considered from numerous perspectives, it has not yet been analyzed in the context of Adam Smith’s economic philosophy and liberalism. This paper aims to list – at least to some extent, as the topic is very broad – the most prominent arguments that have arisen in the worldwide discussion on the effectiveness and side effects of lockdowns. In addition, the work provides some elements of Smith’s economic philosophy and liberalism. Finally, the arguments that have arisen in the academic discussion since the introduction of lockdowns are analyzed, and the legitimacy of lockdowns is assessed in the context of Smith’s principles. The methods used for the analysis are text exegesis and rational reconstruction. As far as the conclusions are concerned, an explicit assessment of the legitimacy of lockdowns in the discussed context is considered impossible, although for many elements of Smith’s liberalism, lockdowns are not legitimate at all.
The gender pay gap and women in managerial positions: V4 countries in the light of the European Union
Authors: Kłysik-Uryszek Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

This research investigates the level of the gender pay gap and gender parity in the Visegrad Group countries in light of the changes that took place in the whole EU during the last decade. The following hypotheses accompany the research objective: (1) the level of the gender pay gap diminished significantly over the last decade in the V4 economies; (2) the V4 countries are following a path to achieve gender parity. Data were taken from Eurostat. The pay gap and the managerial occupations indicators were used to verify the research hypotheses. The empirical investigation did not let us reject the first hypothesis for Poland only. However, it should be rejected for the other V4 economies. In addition, the second hypothesis should be rejected.
Da “forma” à “memória”. Das casas sem sítio para a cidade como determinante nos projetos de Peter Eisenman
Authors: Carvalho Carolina
Published: December 2021

Ao longo dos anos, a abordagem de Peter Eisenman frente a suas críticas à arquitetura vigente foi se modificando. No recorte englobado por este artigo, no entanto, sua busca nunca deixou de ser a autonomia da arquitetura, partindo, inicialmente, do suporte na arte conceitual e na linguística, e, posteriormente, migrando para as interpretações pós-estruturalistas. A crítica que antes se configurava em uma arquitetura desprovida de referenciais externos depois passa a ter no contexto urbano o grande agente da concepção de seus projetos. Assim, o presente artigo visa apresentar a arquitetura crítica de Eisenman e discutir como esta deixa de ser tão excludente de seus elementos contextuais para passar a se relacionar à memória dos locais em que está inserida. Para tanto, buscou-se a leitura de autores que influenciaram o trabalho de Eisenman, bem como de textos do próprio arquiteto e de seus críticos, na intenção de melhor compreender o ambiente e as reflexões que propiciaram tais produções arquitetônicas, além da transição de uma para a outra. Neste estudo, foram identificadas as principais diferenças entre ambas atuações, mas também concluiu-se a existência de uma conversão no que se refere ao afastamento do observador/usuário das duas diferentes séries de projeto abordadas.
Hubungan antara Kepercayaan Diri dan Kecemasan Berkomunikasi pada Mahasiswa Ketika Presentasi
Authors: Kartikasari Mega , Noupal Muhammad , Setiawan Kiki Cahaya
Published: December 2021

Mahasiswa Prodi Biologi 2013 kurang percaya diri saat presentasi. Fokus penelitian ini adalah Korelasi Percaya Diri dengan Kecemasan Komunikasi Saat Presentasi Mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Guru Program Studi Biologi Garda 2013 UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kepercayaan diri dengan kecemasan komunikasi saat presentasi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Guru Program Studi Biologi Garda 2013 Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang. Selanjutnya sumbangan efektif yang diberikan oleh variabel kepercayaan terhadap kecemasan komunikasi saat presentasi pada mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Program Keguruan Angkatan 2013 Universitas Islam Negeri Fatah Palembang adalah sebesar 22,3% dan sisanya 77,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. yang tidak ada dalam penelitian ini.
Kreativitas Mengajar Guru pada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di SLB-B Negeri Pembina Palembang
Authors: Jannah Ica Roudlotul , Zuhdiyah Zuhdiyah , Utami Fajar Tri
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Kreativitas Mengajar Guru Pada Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di SLB-B Negeri Pembina Palembang. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini secara umum menunjukkan gambaran kreativitas mengajar ketiga subjek yaitu dalam hal pengembangan dan pembaharuan media-media mengajar baik memanfaatkan fasilitas yang ada sampai terus berupaya memberikan hal-hal baru dalam mengajar serta pemberian metode mengajar sesuai dengan kebutuhan materi, karakterisitik dan kemampuan masing-masing siswa yang mengacu pada pedoman kurikulum pendidikan anak luar biasa. Sedangkan upaya yang dilakukan ketiga subjek dalam meningkatkan pengembangan kreativitas mengajar dengan adanya keinginan dan kemauan untuk terus berusaha belajar dengan mengandalkan kemampuan berpikir, mencoba ide-ide serta hal-hal baru yang bisa diberikan kepada siswa demi tercapainya harapan dan tujuan dalam mengajar.
Komunikasi Orangtua dan Anak dengan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa Kelas IX pada Sekolah Menengah di Palembang
Authors: Handayani Evi Teka , Yudiani Ema , Lukmawati Lukmawati
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini membahas komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas XI SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas XI SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif korelasional. Subjek penelitian berjumah 182 siswa yang semuanya adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang, pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik clauster random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian menggunakan Product Moment, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas XI SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang, dengan nilai r (0,037) dan nilai signifikansi (0,615) p > 0,01, maka Ho diterima yang berarti tidak ada hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas XI SMA Plus Negeri 17 Palembang.
Interaksi Sosial Anak Autis di Sekolah Inklusi SD Harapan Mandiri Palembang
Authors: Sari Ayu Novita , Budiman Budiman , Hadinata Eko Oktapiya
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas Interaksi Sosial Anak Autis di Sekolah Inklusi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang betujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai apa yang diteliti. Autis masa anak-anak mencakup tiga hal, yaitu gangguan dalam interaksi sosial yang bersifat timbal balik, gangguan dalam konunikasi, dan adanya pola perilaku yang dipertahankan dan diulang. Oleh karena itu, anak-anak penyandang autis membutuhkan layanan pendidikan yang dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan khusus mereka. Salah satu bentuk layanan yang tersedia adalah sekolah inklusi. Di sekolah inklusi, anak autis dapat belajar mandiri serta mengembangkan kemampuan mereka dalam berkomunikasi dan mengembangkan kemampuan interaksi sosial, yaitu berkomunikasi baik secara verbal dan non-verbal dengan teman seusianya. Pada kasus ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai interaksi sosial anak autis yang menjadi siswa di sekolah inklusi. Simpulan penelitian adalah bahwa subjek mengalami perkembangan interaksi sosial yang signifikan setelah menjadi siswa di sekolah inklusi, yaitu perkembangan komunikasi, interaksi, dan perilaku sosial. Teridentifikasi pula faktor internal dan eksternal yang mendukung dan yang menghambat perkembangan interaksi sosial subjek.
Perilaku Prososial pada Pendonor Sukarela di Unit Transfusi Darah PMI Palembang
Authors: Saprianti Indah , Rusli Ris'an , Hadinata Eko Oktapiya
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini membahas perilaku prososial pada pendonor sukarela di Unit Transfusi Darah PMI Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Teknik pemilihan subjek yaitu menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria, minimal 7 kali mendonorkan darah, berusia 17-21 tahun. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, serta observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini secara umum menunjukkan gambaran perilaku prososial ketiga subjek yaitu membantu orang lain melalui mendonorkan darahnya. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketiga subjek melakukan perilaku prososial yaitu adanya jiwa sosial dan rasa empati yang tinggi terhadap orang-orang yang membutuhkan darah. Dan pengaruh faktor situasional dan pengaruh faktor dari dalam diri. Sementara bentuk perilaku lainnya yaitu adanya ketenangan dalam dirinya ketika menghadapi masalah. Selain itu, ketiga subjek ini juga berbagi cerita dan mengajak orang lain untuk mendonorkan darah.Perilaku prososial
Hubungan antara Dukungan Sosial dan Kesiapan Kerja pada Siswa SMK Setia Darma Palembang
Authors: Ningsih Eka Agustia , Yudiani Ema , Despiana Dwi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan dukungan sosial dengan kesipan kerja pada siswa kelas XII SMK Setia Darma Palembang. Dengan menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian berjumlah 172 siswa. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis product moment. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan kesiapan kerja, hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai hasil koefisien korelasi yang menunjukkan angka 0,409, dengan nilai sig. 0,000 dimana p < 0,05, artinya semakin tinggi dukungan sosial maka semakin tinggi pula kesiapan kerja, sebaliknya semakin rendah dukungan sosial maka semakin rendah kesiapan kerja siswa.
Hubungan Intensitas Mengakses Situs Pornografi dan Perilaku Seksual Pranikah pada Siswa SMK Nurul Iman Palembang
Authors: Ghozali Muhammad , Yudiani Ema , Purwasih Inda
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan intensitas mengakses situs pornografi dengan perilaku seksual pranikah pada siswa SMK Nurul Iman Palembang. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 111 orang siswa/i SMK Nurul Iman Palembang, yang terdiri dari kelas 11 dan 12 dengan rentang usia 15-19 tahun, pemilihan subjek menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala mengakses pornografi dan skala perilaku seksual yang dianalisis dengan bantuan program SPSS Versi 25 for windows. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000 dimana p<0,05, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa intensitas mengakses situs pornografi memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah pada siswa SMK Nurul Iman Palembang. sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa hipotesis yang diajukan terbukti.
Motif Pemerkosaan pada Remaja: Studi pada Pelaku Pemerkosaan di LPKA Kelas IA Palembang
Authors: Lukmawati Lukmawati , Kurniawan Prasetyo Adi , Zaharuddin Zaharuddin
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motif dan faktor yang melatarbelakangi pelaku pemerkosaan pada remaja di LPKA Klas IA Palembang dalam melakukan pemerkosaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif pemerkosaan yang dilakukan oleh ketiga subjek adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan biologis, yang dalam hal ini untuk melampiaskan nafsu seksualnya. Ketiga subjek berusaha mencari cara untuk melampiaskan nafsu seksual yang ditimbulkan oleh berbagai faktor yang juga menjadi faktor yang melatarbelakangi pemerkosaan yang dilakukan oleh ketiga subjek. Faktor tersebut dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal.
Perilaku Prososial pada Relawan Anak Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Nurahman , Lukmawati Lukmawati , Rusli Ris'an
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku prososial pada Relawan Anak Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang dilakukan untuk mengeksplor fenomena-fenomena yang pernah terjadi dilingkungan sekitar peneliti dengan tujuan agar dapat menjadi suatu penilaian-penilaian masyarakat terhadap suatu fenomena yang terjadi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwagambaran perilaku prososial kedua subjek yaitu membantu tanpa meminta balasan (pamrih), ikhlas, dan jujur dengan harapan dapat membantu banyak pihak seperti pemerintah untuk mengurangi tingkat anak jalanan, kemudian dapat membantu masyarakat untuk mengurangi rasa gelisah karena kehadiran mereka yang dianggap menganggu, dan membantu anak jalanan itu sendiri.
Soviet Resettlement Policy in the Second Half of the 1940s – 1980s: The Experience of the RSFSR
Authors: Piskunov Sergey
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problem of the formation of the Soviet resettlement policy in the context of a decrease in the rural population of donor regions in the second half of the 40s - 80s. XX century on the example of the RSFSR. To achieve this goal, many historical documents were analyzed and summarized, which are contained mainly in the central archives of the Russian Federation. Such changes were caused, on the one hand, by a decrease in natural growth in the regions that were traditionally places of departure for new settlers, on the other hand, by a change in the settlement structure. Despite the demographic processes negative for the implementation of the resettlement policy, the country's leadership did not abandon this method of redistributing residents of some regions of the state in favor of others. It is noted that, while preserving the planned agricultural resettlement as a tool for increasing the demographic potential in certain regions and mitigating the shortage of labor in the enterprises of the agricultural sector, the Center inevitably faced the problem of finding sources for the formation of resettlement flows. From the beginning of the 1980s the solution to this problem in the USSR was ensured by several factors: firstly, the spread of the practice of intraregional resettlement; secondly, the inclusion of urban residents in the number of planned migrants, and not just villagers, as it was before; thirdly, the involvement of the inhabitants of Central Asia and the Transcaucasus in the organized migration. It is important to note that the article provides the information on the geography of the places of exodus for the second half of the 1940s – 1980s. indicating the most significant (by the number of people sent). Reflection of statistical data with a wide temporal and geographical coverage makes it possible to trace changes, on the one hand, in the intensity of migration ties between donor and recipient regions, and on the other, in the state policy of resettlement. The article is addressed to representatives of the scientific community (historians and demographers) and state institutions responsible for the development of modern migration policy.
Migration Processes in the Context of Behavioral Economics Theories
Authors: Sokolova Anastasia , Kalachikova Olga
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to investigate the connection between behavioral economy and migration processes. Behavioral economics is a relatively new phenomenon in science and the fact that some research in this area has earned the Nobel Prize makes its contribution significant in the consideration of economic processes. The analysis of sources shows that in the field of Russian studies there is practically no mention of the fact that migration behavior can be explained by the behavioral economics theses. In this article, we explore several key ideas in this area: nudge theory, prospect theory, evolutionary game theory, cognitive distortion, and hedonistic adaptation. In this article, we put forward a hypothesis that migration processes can not only be explained from the standpoint of behavioral economics but can also be regulated using the tools of this direction. Behavioral economics can be the key for discovering the dynamics and true motives of migration. The analysis of information in this area shows, that a person makes decisions mainly based not on the laws of logic and rationalism. Paradoxes such as cognitive biases, etc. reduce the effectiveness of an individual's actions and provide an incentive for the scientific community to expand the number of empirical studies of migration processes within the framework of behavioral economics theories.
International Migration of the Older Generation: Global and Russian Trends
Authors: Nioradze Georgy
Published: December 2021

The subject of this research is the international migration of the elderly (global and Russian trends). This topic is of particular relevance due to the fact that the elderly people make up 17% of international migrants (2019). In addition, older migration is at the intersection of four demographic “megatrends” - population aging, migration, population growth and urbanization. In addition, the international emigration of elderly Russians is practically not studied in the domestic literature. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption of the aging of international migration flows in accordance with the trend of demographic aging. Research method - secondary data analysis. The main empirical base is the data of the UN and Rosstat. Global statistics show that while the number of older migrants has increased, the proportion of older people has not changed. Thus, the hypothesis was not confirmed, which gives grounds to draw the following conclusion: migration lags behind aging. This is due to the weak mobilization and adaptive potential of the older generation. Russian statistics make it possible to single out 4 thousand people over the working age who moved abroad in 2019 (not including the CIS countries). The most popular destinations are Germany, Georgia. In conclusion, it examines the risks (negative impact on the labor potential of the country, etc.) and opportunities (rejuvenation of the age structure, reduction in age discrimination) for Russia in the context of the emigration of the elderly population. Analysis of the existing indices of active longevity showed the absence of migration as an indicator of activity, which significantly distorts this index. The direction of future research is to study the migration of Russian pensioners in the countries of Southeast Asia and China.