bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Аssociation between (rs1024611) -12518A/G CCL2 gene polymorphism and serum level of C-reactive protein with different clinical and serological phenotypes of systemic sclerosis in the Russian cohort of patients
Authors: Крылов М.Ю. , Ананьева Л.П. , Гусева И.А. , Самаркина Е.Ю. , Конева О.А. , Старовойтова М.Н. , Десинова О.В. , Овсянникова О.Б.
Published: December 2020

Установлено, что полиморфизмы генов медиаторов воспаления, тканевых матричных белков и ростовых факторов вовлечены в аутоиммунные и фибротические процессы при системной склеродермии (ССД). Хемокин CCL2 является ключевым воспалительным белком, присутствующим в циркулирующей крови и в очагах повреждения кожи больных ССД. Цель настоящего исследования состояла в изучении связи полиморфизма -2518 A/G гена CCL2 с уровнем С-реактивного белка (СРБ) у больных с разными клиническими и серологическими фенотипами ССД. В общей группе пациентов носители генотипа -2518АА имели статистически значимо более высокий средний уровень СРБ по сравнению с носителями аллеля -2518G (AG+GG генотипы) (р=0,032). Сходные различия уровней СРБ были получены у пациентов с диффузной формой ССД и у пациентов с позитивными титрами антител к топоизомеразе I (р=0,041 и р=0,042 соответственно). Выводы. Носительство генотипа -2518AА ассоциировано с высоким уровнем СРБ у больных с плохим прогнозом ССД (диффузная форма и позитивные титры аутоантител к топоизомеразе I) по сравнению с носительством аллеля -2518G. Полиморфизм -2518A/G гена CCL2 может быть использован в качестве генетического маркера тяжести и неблагоприятного прогноза ССД.

It has been established that polymorphisms of inflammatory mediator genes, tissue matrix proteins and growth factors are involved in autoimmune and fibrotic processes in systemic scleroderma (SSc). CCL2 chemokine is a key inflammatory protein present in the circulating blood and in the lesions of the skin of patients with SSc. The purpose of this study was to study the association of the polymorphism -2518 A / G of the CCL2 gene with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels among patients with different clinical and serological phenotypes of SJS. In the general group of patients, carriers of the genotype -2518AA had a statistically significant higher average CRP level compared to carriers of the -2518G allele (AG + GG genotypes) (p = 0.032). Similar differences in CRP levels were obtained in patients with a diffuse form of SJS and in patients with positive antibody titers to topoisomerase I (p = 0.041 and p = 0.042, respectively). Conclusions: The carriage of the -2518AA genotype was significantly associated with a high level of CRP in patients with poor prognosis of SSc (presence of a diffuse form and seropositive autoantibody titers to topoisomerase I) compared with patients carrying the -2518G allele. Polymorphism -2518A / G of the CCL2 gene can be used as a genetic marker of severity and poor prognosis for SSc.
Disorder of natural killer cell functional activity in experimental stroke of different severity
Authors: Кульчиков А.Е.
Published: December 2020

Актуальность. Изучение факторов риска развития инфекционно-воспалительных осложнений и путей их снижения при инсульте является актуальной неврологической проблемой. Цель: оценка функциональной активности клеток естественных киллеров в остром периоде экспериментального инсульта различной степени тяжести. Методы. В проведенном экспериментальном исследовании на животных (крысы линии Вистар, массой 200-220 г, n = 50) изучали функциональная активность естественных киллеров селезенки, при моделировании монополушарного левостороннего экспериментального инсульта (ЭИ) различной степени тяжести. Результаты. Показано, что у животных на 7-й день инсульта отмечается статистически значимое снижение функциональной активности естественных киллеров селезенки: ЭИ легкой степени - 20 (19; 23)%, р = 0,001, ЭИ средней степени - 19 (17; 21)%, р < 0,001, ЭИ тяжелой степени - 18 (16; 22)%, р < 0,001. Нарушения функциональной активности естественных киллеров более выражены на модели ЭИ средней и тяжёлой степени тяжести. Заключение. Показано, что при ЭИ наблюдается снижение функциональной активности естественных киллеров селезёнки, которое нарастает при увеличении степени тяжести инсульта.

Background. Studying risk factors for development of infectious and inflammatory complications and ways to reduce them in stroke is a modern challenge to neurology. Aim: Evaluating the functional activity of natural killer (NK) cells in the acute period of experimental stroke (ES) of different severity. Methods. In this experimental study, the functional activity of spleen NK cells was studied in Wistar rats weighing 200-220 g (n = 50) with ES of different severity. Results. On the 7th day of stroke. the functional activity of spleen NK was significantly decreased: in mild ES, 20 (19; 23)%, р = 0.001, in moderate ES, 19 (17; 21)%, р <0.001, and in severe ES, (16; 22)%, р < 0.001. Disorders of the NK functional activity were more pronounced in moderate and severe ES. Conclusion. ES was associated with impaired functional activity of NK cells, which progressed with increasing grade of ES severity.
The scale of cerebral ischemia thresholds in rats
Authors: Александрин В.В.
Published: December 2020

Прогноз и тактика лечения инсульта зависят от его тяжести, которая задается достигнутым ишемическом порогом. Исследование механизмов формирования ишемических порогов является актуальной патофизиологической задачей. Целью настоящего исследования явилось получение данных для построения шкалы порогов ишемии мозга у крыс. Эксперименты проводили на наркотизированных беспородных крысах-самцах. Мозговой кровоток регистрировали лазерным допплеровским флоуметром ЛАКК-02 (Лазма, Россия). Контролируемую кровопотерю осуществляли через бедренную артерию. Фиксировали системное артериальное давление (АД), при котором в условиях медленной кровопотери регистрировалось пороговое значение мозгового кровотока. На основании полученных данных строилась шкала: системное АД - кровоток - пороги ишемии мозга.

Prognosis and treatment of stroke depend on its severity, which is defined by the attained ischemic threshold. Studying the mechanisms underlying the formation of ischemic thresholds is an urgent pathophysiological task. The aim of this study was to obtain data for constructing a scale of cerebral ischemia thresholds in rats. Experiments were carried out on anesthetized mongrel male rats. Cerebral blood flow was recorded with a laser Doppler flowmeter, LAKK-02 (Lazma, Russia). Controlled blood loss was performed through the femoral artery. Systemic blood pressure, at which the threshold value of cerebral blood flow was attained, was recorded under the conditions of slow blood loss. Based on the obtained data the systemic blood pressure - blood flow - thresholds of cerebral ischemia scale was constructed.
Study of adhesion of endothelial-like cells EA.hy926 to various substrates
Authors: Колесов Д.В. , Ерофеев А.С. , Московцев А.А. , Власенкова Н.К. , Горелкин П.В. , Мыльникова А.Н. , Кубатиев А.А.
Published: December 2020

Адгезия клеток к субстрату является одним из ключевых факторов, влияющих на клеточные функции и их жизнеспособность. Для адекватного биомоделирования многоклеточных тканевых структур in vitro необходим тщательный подбор используемых в качестве подложки для клеток материалов. В работе мы исследовали адгезию эндотелиоцитоподобных клеток EA.hy926 к стеклу и полимерным материалам, часто применяемых в микрофлюидике для моделирования тканевых структур. Методом конфокальной сканирующей микроскопии было показано, что различные виды полидиметилсилоксана (ПДМС) характеризуется низкой адгезией клеток по сравнению со стеклом и специально подготовленным полистиролом (ПС). При этом обработка кислородной плазмой не оказывает существенного влияния на адгезию. Обработка коллагеном I, напротив, существенно улучшает адгезию. Белковый гель достаточно хорошо покрывает как гидрофильную поверхность стекла, так и гидрофобную поверхность полимера. Методом сканирующей зондовой микроскопии были также исследованы особенности распластывания отдельных клеток на поверхности субстрата.

Cell-substrate adhesion is a key factor affecting the cell functionality and fate. Therefore, for adequate biomodeling of cellular structures in vitro, it is necessary to carefully select the materials used. In this study, we evaluated adhesion of endothelial-like cells EA.hy926 to polymeric materials and glass, which are used in microfluidics to model blood vessels. It was shown that different types of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) provided low cell adhesion compared to glass and specially prepared polystyrene (PS). The treatment with oxygen plasma did not exert a significant effect on adhesion. Covering with collagen I, on the contrary, significantly improved adhesion. The protein gel quite well covered both the hydrophilic surface of the glass and the hydrophobic surface of the polymer. The features of individual cells spreading on the substrate surface were also studied using scanning probe microscopy.
Effect of cultivated multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue to restore skin with local radiation lesions
Authors: Дешевой Ю.Б. , Мороз Б.Б. , Насонова Т.А. , Лебедев В.Г. , Добрынина О.А. , Лырщикова А.В.
Published: December 2020

Цель - изучение лечебной эффективности сингенных мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (ММСК) при тяжелых лучевых поражениях кожи. Методы. Эксперименты проводили на крысах инбредной линии Wistar-Kyoto. Локальное облучение в дозе 110 Гр (напряжение на трубке 30 кВ, ток 6,1 мА, фильтр Al толщиной 0,1 мм) выполняли на рентгеновской установке. Мощность дозы - 17,34 Гр/мин. Площадь облучения - 8,5 см. Такое радиационное воздействие позволяло получать тяжелые лучевые поражения кожи с длительно (до 3,5 мес.) не заживающими язвами. ММСК выделяли из подкожной жировой ткани интактных животных с помощью коллагеназы и затем культивировали их in vitro . ММСК вводили (1,6-1,8 х 10 клеток на одну инъекцию) под кожу вокруг лучевых язв. Тяжесть лучевого поражения кожи и эффекты клеточной терапии оценивали в динамике по клиническим проявлениям, с помощью планиметрии и патоморфологических методов. Результаты. Установлено, что введение культивированных сингенных ММСК дважды через 27 и 34 сут. или через 34 и 42 сут. после локального облучения, способствует усилению регенераторных процессов в пораженной ткани, что проявлялось более быстрым заживлением лучевых язв у леченых животных по сравнению с облученным контролем. Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что трансплантированные аутологичные ММСК, полученные из жировой ткани, могут быть эффективны при лечении длительно незаживающих лучевых язв.

The purpose. Study of the therapeutic effectiveness of syngeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MMSK) with heavy radiation skin lesions. Methods. Experiments conducted on rats Wistar-Kyoto inbreed. Local irradiation dose of 110 Gy (voltage on the tube 30 kV, current 6.1 Ma, filter 0.1 mm thick Al) served through an x-ray machine. Dose rate is 17.34 Gy/min. Area field irradiation was 8.5 cm. Radiative forcing is allowed to receive severe radiation damage of the skin with long (up to 3.5 months) did not heal ulcers. MMSK singled out of the subcutaneous adipose tissue intact animals using collagenase and then cultivated in vitro . MMSK injected (1.6-1.8 х 10 cells per injection) under the skin around the radiation ulcers. The severity of radiation injury to the skin and the effects of cell therapy were evaluated in the dynamics of clinical manifestations, using planar geometry and pathomorphological methods. Results. It has been established that the introduction of cultivated syngeneic MMSK, investigated through 27 and 34 days or twice through 34 and 42 days after local irradiation enhances regenerative processes in the affected tissue, which showed faster healing Ray treated ulcers in animals compared to the irradiated control. Conclusion. The results showed that the transplanted autologous MMSK derived from adipose tissue, can be effective in the treatment of long-term healing of radiation ulcers.
Content of neutrophils carriying adhesion molecules in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Кашутин С.Л. , Шерстенникова А.К. , Николаев В.И. , Ключарева С.Н. , Пирятинская В.А.
Published: December 2020

Изучение механизмов регуляции миграционной активности нейтрофильных лейкоцитов в кожу при псориазе, представляет собой не только теоретический, но и практический интерес, поскольку с высокой интенсивностью инфильтрации нейтрофилами в эпидермисе, связано более тяжелое течение заболевания. Как известно, процесс миграции нейтрофилов через эндотелий микроциркуляции регулируется молекулами адгезии. Цель исследования состояла в определении содержания нейтрофилов, экспрессирующих молекулы адгезии, в зависимости от сегментации их ядра. Методика. В венозной крови определяли удельный вес молекул адгезии на нейтрофилах и сегментацию их ядер. Исследование проведено у 82 больных с вульгарным и экссудативным псориазом в прогрессирующую и стационарную стадии (из них 39 женщин и 43 мужчины) в возрасте от 20 до 60 лет. Группу контроля составили 50 практически здоровых лиц (из них 28 женщин и 22 мужчины). Результаты исследования показали, что в прогрессирующую и стационарную стадии псориаза наблюдалось снижение количества нейтрофилов, несущих молекулы адгезии, исключение составило увеличение числа нейтрофилов с молекулами L-селектина. Анализ сегментограммы у больных псориазом выявил более высокий удельный вес нейтрофилов с двумя и тремя сегментами в ядре, при этом концентрация нейтрофилов с четырьмя и пятью сегментами была статистически достоверно ниже. Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о повышенной миграционной активности нейтрофилов из крови в ткань в прогрессирующую и стационарную стадии псориаза.

Studying regulation of neutrophil migration to the skin in psoriasis is of both theoretical and practical interest since high-intensity epidermal infiltration by neutrophils is associated with more severe disease. The process of neutrophil transmigration through the microvascular endothelium is known to be regulated by adhesion molecules. The aim of the study was to measure the content of neutrophils expressing adhesion molecules based on neutrophil nucleus segmentation. Methods. Specific gravity of adhesion molecules expressed on neutrophils and segmentation of neutrophil nuclei were determined in venous blood. The study included 82 patients (39 women and 43 men aged 20-60) with vulgar and exudative psoriasis at progressive and stationary stages. The control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals (28 women and 22 men). Results. Progressive and stationary stages of psoriasis were associated with a decreased number of neutrophils carrying adhesion molecules, except for the increased number of neutrophils with L-selectin molecules. Analysis of neutrophil segmentation in patients with psoriasis showed a higher specific gravity of neutrophils with 2 and 3 nuclear lobes («segments»); the content of neutrophils with 4 and 5 nuclear lobes was significantly lower. Conclusion. The results indicate increased activity of neutrophil migration from blood into tissue at progressive and stationary stages of psoriasis.
GlycA - a new biomarker of inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular disease and a predictor of death, regardless of its causes
Authors: Кузник Б.И.
Published: December 2020

В обзоре представлены данные о недавно (2015 г.) выявленном предикторе смерти, независимо от причин её вызывающих. На роль предиктора смерти претендует продукт ацетилирования гликопротеинов - GlycA (N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine). Обсуждаются тонкие механизмы действия GlycA при воспалении, сердечно-сосудистой патологии, онкологических заболеваниях и диабете 2-го типа. Выявлены тесные корреляционные связи между содержанием GlycA и резистентностью к инсулину. С возрастом и увеличением массы тела (ИМТ) содержание GlycA повышается. Высокие концентрации GlycA обратно пропорциональны объему памяти и скорости обработки информации.

This review presents data on a recently discovered (2015) predictor for death regardless of its cause, a glycoprotein acetylation product, GlycA (biomarker of protein glycan N-acetyl groups). Subtle mechanisms of GlycA action in inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and type 2 diabetes are discussed. A strong correlation of GlycA content with insulin resistance was found. The GlycA content increases with increasing age and body weight (BWI). High concentrations of GlycA are inversely proportional to global cognition, memory, and speed of information processing.
Perguntas-respostas em textos escritos: uma análise no âmbito das relações discursivas
Authors: Mendes Amália , Nunes Carolina
Published: December 2020

Question-answer pairs are typically associated to spoken discourse and to directive speech acts, although they are also found in written texts. We analyse contexts extracted from the CRPC-DB, a written subcorpus annotated with discourse relations in the PDTB-style. We focus on the nature of the question and of the answer in interactional contexts, but also in contexts where a single locutor poses the question and answers it. Contexts of question-answer pairs with a single locutor have a textual function related to the topic-comment structure of the text and involve a virtual locutor and a modalized assertion. We discuss the treatment of question-answer pairs in discourse banks following different theoretical frameworks and make a proposal that integrates these contexts in our annotation scheme. Our results contribute to theoretical proposals that focus on the pragmatic and textual functions of question-answer pairs, and their application to a new resource for the study of discourse in Portuguese.
An in Silico Scientific Basis for LL-37 as a Therapeutic and Vitamin D as Preventive for Covid-19.
Authors: Lokhande Kiran Bharat , Banerjee Tanushree , Swamy K. Venkateswara , Deshpande Manisha
Published: December 2020

A multi-pronged approach with help in all forms possible is essential to completely overcome the Covid-19 pandemic. There is a requirement to research as many new and different types of approaches as possible to cater to the entire world population, complementing the vaccines with promising results. The need is also because SARS-CoV-2 has several unknown or variable facets which get revealed from time to time. In this report, in silico scientific findings are presented, which are indicative of the potential for the use of the LL-37 human anti-microbial peptide as a therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2. This indication is based on the high structural similarity of LL-37 to the N-terminal helix, with which the virus interacts, of the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2. Moreover, there is positive prediction of binding of LL-37 to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2. As Vitamin D is known to upregulate the expression of LL-37, the vitamin is a candidate preventive molecule. This report provides the possible basis for why there is an inverse correlation between Vitamin D levels in the body and the severity of or susceptibility to Covid-19. The path for development of LL-37 as a therapeutic could be of lesser duration, as LL-37 is native to the human body. With the scientific link put forth herein, Vitamin D could be used at an effective, medically prescribed, safe dose as a preventive. The information in this report would be valuable in bolstering the worldwide efforts to control the pandemic as early as possible.
Ultra-Low Amounts of Palladium (0.005-0.05 Wt% Pd) Supported on Titania: Remarkable Low-Temperature Activity for NO Reduction with CO and Structure-Function Property Relationships in Methane Oxidation
Authors: Khivantsev Konstantin , Kovarik Libor , Jaegers Nicholas R. , Szanyi János , Wang Yong
Published: December 2020

Atomically dispersed Pd +2 cations with ultra-dilute loading of palladium (0.005-0.05 wt%) were anchored on anatase titania and characterized with FTIR, microscopy and catalytic tests. CO infrared adsorption produces a sharp, narrow mono-carbonyl Pd(II)-CO band at ~2,130 cm-1 indicating formation of highly uniform and stable Pd+2 ions on anatase titania. The 0.05 wt% Pd/TiO2 sample was evaluated for methane combustion under dry and wet (industrially relevant) conditions in the presence and absence of carbon monoxide. Notably, we find the isolated palladium atoms respond dynamically upon oxygen concentration modulation (switching-on and switching off). When oxygen is removed from the wet methane stream, palladium ions are reduced to metallic state by methane and catalyze methane steam reforming instead of complete methane oxidation. Re-admission of oxygen restores Pd+2 cations and switches off methane steam reforming activity. Moreover, 0.05 wt% Pd/TiO2 is a competent CO oxidation catalyst in the presence of water steam with 90% CO conversion and TOF ~ 4,000 hr-1 at 260 ⁰C. More importantly, we find that diluting 0.05 wt% Pd/titania sample with titania to ultra-low 0.005 wt% palladium loading produces a remarkably active material for nitric oxide reduction with carbon monoxide under industrially relevant conditions with >90% conversion of nitric oxide at 180 ⁰C (~460 ppm NO and 150 L/g*hr flow rate in the presence of >2% water steam) and TOF ~6,000 hr-1. Pd thus outperforms state-of-the-art rhodium containing catalysts with (15-20 times higher rhodium loading; rhodium is ~ 3 times more expensive than palladium). Furthermore, palladium catalysts are more selective towards nitrogen and produce significantly less ammonia relative to the more traditional rhodium catalysts due to lower Pd amount nd lower water-gas-shift activity. Our study is the first example of utilizing ultra-low (0.05 wt% and less) noble metal (Pd) amounts to produce heterogeneous catalysts with extraordinary activity for nitric oxide reduction. This opens up a pathway to study other Pd, Pt and Rh containing materials with ultra-low loadings of expensive noble metals dispersed on titania or titania-coated oxides for industrially relevant nitric oxide abatement.
Synthesis and Screening of A DNA-Encoded Library of Non-Peptidic Macrocycles
Authors: Koesema Eric , Roy Animesh , Paciaroni Nicholas G. , Kodadek Thomas
Published: December 2020

There is considerable interest in the development of libraries of non-peptidic macrocycles as a source of ligands for difficult targets. We report here the solid-phase synthesis of a DNA-encoded library of several hundred thousand thioether-linked macrocycles. The library was designed to be highly diverse with respect to backbone scaffold diversity and to minimize the number of amide N-H bonds, which compromise cell permeability. The utility of the library as a source of protein ligands is demonstrated through the isolation of compounds that bind streptavidin, a model target, with high affinity.
Failure-Experiment-Supported Optimization of Poorly-Reproducible Synthetic Conditions for Novel Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Kitamura Yu , Terado Emi , Zhang Zechen , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Inose Tomoko , Uji-i Hiroshi , Tanimizu Masaharu , Inokuchi Akihiro , Kamakura Yoshinobu , Tanaka Daisuke
Published: December 2020

A series of novel metal organic frameworks with lanthanide double-layer-based inorganic subnetworks (KGF-3) was synthesized assisted by machine learning. Pure KGF-3 was difficult to isolate in the initial screening experiments. The synthetic conditions were successfully optimized by extracting the dominant factors for KGF-3 synthesis using two machine-learning techniques. Cluster analysis was used to classify the obtained PXRD patterns of the products and to decide automatically whether the experiments were successful or had failed. Decision tree analysis was used to visualize the experimental results, with the factors that mainly affected the synthetic reproducibility being extracted. The water adsorption isotherm revealed that KGF-3 possesses unique hydrophilic pores, and impedance measurements demonstrated good proton conductivities (σ = 5.2 × 10−4 S cm−1 for KGF-3(Y)) at a high temperature (363 K) and high relative humidity (95%).
1,1,4,4-Tetracyanobutadiene-Functionalized Anthracenes: Regioselectivity of Cycloadditions in the Synthesis of Small Near-IR Dyes
Authors: Philippe Clotilde , Bui Anh Thy , Batsongo-Boulingui Sabrinah , Pokladek ziemowit , Matczyszyn Katarzyna , Mongin Olivier , Lemiègre Loïc , Paul Frédéric , Hamlin Trevor , Trolez Yann
Published: December 2020

Two small 1,1,4,4-tetracyanobutadiene-functionalized chromophores were obtained by careful leverage of the regioselectivity of the cycloaddition reaction of tetracyanoethylene with anthracene-ynamide derivatives, inducing either a [2+2] or a [4+2] Diels–Alder process. DFT calculations unraveled the mechanism of the [2+2] cycloaddition-retroelectrocyclization reaction sequence with ynamides and elucidated the differing mechanisms in the two substrates. The synthesized dyes presented panchromatic absorption extending into the near-IR, and far-red/near-IR photoluminescence in the solid-state up to 1550 nm.
AutoGraph: Autonomous Graph Based Clustering of Small-Molecule Conformations
Authors: Tanemura Kiyoto , Das Susanta , M. Merz Jr. Kenneth
Published: December 2020

While accurately modeling the conformational ensemble is required for predicting properties of flexible molecules, the optimal method of obtaining the conformational ensemble seems as varied as their applications. Ensemble structures have been modeled by generation, refinement, and clustering of conformations with a sufficient number of samples. We present a conformational clustering algorithm intended to automate the conformational clustering step through the Louvain algorithm, which requires minimal hyperparameters and importantly no predefined number of clusters or threshold values. The conformational graphs produced by this method for O-succinyl-L-homoserine, oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and 200 representative metabolites each preserved the geometric/energetic correlation expected for points on the potential energy surface. Clustering based on these graphs provide partitions informed by the potential energy surface. Automating conformational clustering in a workflow with AutoGraph may mitigate human biases introduced by guess-and-check over hyperparameter selection while allowing flexibility to the result by not imposing predefined criteria other than optimizing the model’s loss function. Associated codes are available at https://github.com/TanemuraKiyoto/AutoGraph .
An efficient approach on alcohol dependence syndrome
Authors: Thejaswini Karanth  , Someswar Deb  , Pranathi R  , Kasthuri P
Published: December 2020

Alcohol consumption results in multiple end-organ damages. Predominantly the nervous system is affected in the form of Wernicke encephalopathy, Korsakoff psychosis, cerebellar ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. Neuropathy due to alcohol consumption depends on the period and extent of total lifetime of alcohol consumption. Cultural and racial factors also play a role in the development of alcohol neuropathy. Alcohol consumption results in multiple end-organ damages. Alcoholic neuropathy is the most common harmful effects of excessive alcohol intake. The incidence of alcoholic neuropathy in the standard population is not accurate as the percentage varies extensively contingent on the description of chronic alcoholism and the criteria used to detect and classify neuropathy. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), studies involving clinical and electrodiagnostic tests prove that neuropathy is present in 25-66%. Alcoholic neuropathy depends on the extent and extent of total lifetime of alcohol consumption. Cultural and racial factors also play a role in resulting in alcohol neuropathy. Few studies suggest that the incidence of peripheral neuropathy is higher in alcoholic patients who have a family history of alcohol dependence syndrome. This is study finds the Common peroneal and sural nerves are the most common nerves to be involved in neuropathy. Predominantly axonal degeneration is the main pathology. Units of alcohol and CAGE criteria score has a 100% specificity in detecting patients prone to neuropathy.
Self-Determination in the Context of Personal and Professional Development of an Educator
Authors:   Academy of Vocational Education, Pochtaryova E. Y. , Vasyagina N. N. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2020

A humanitarian tendency of education gives greater urgency to person-centered conceptualization, which puts the idea of self-determination in the first place in the view of the making of heuristic ideas about personal and professional development of an educator. The paper aims at conceptualizing motivational processes of self-determination as a triggering threshold of personal and professional development of an educator. Self-determination and related concepts of self-regulation, self-motivation, facilitation, dialogue, productivity, and commitment have been found to determine the essence of personal and professional development of an educator as a psychological resource system. The authors have come to the conclusion that creative content of self-determination processes is due to integrity and effectiveness of personal and professional development of an educator.
O princípio constitucional da solidariedade como fundamento do direito social à assistência social, da doutrina da daseinsvorsorge e do mínimo existencial. Possibilidades e limites em época de pandemia sanitária.
Authors: Russomano Goñi ÁLVARO
Published: December 2020

O estudo  analisa o princípio da solidariedade como fundamento dos institutos da daseinsvorsorge,  e assim se relacionam às políticas públicas adotadas para garantir a efetividade do direito à assistência social em tempos de COVID-19 no Brasil. Desenvolve-se através do método hipotético dedutivo e considera que as políticas públicas assistenciais estão baseadas no princípio da solidariedade e asseguram o mínimo existencial. A pesquisa é documental e bibliográfica. Estuda as possíveis semelhanças e diferenças entre a daseinsvorsorge e o mínimo existencial e, após, o princípio da solidariedade e o direito à Assistência social no âmbito da Constituição Federal.
POSICIONAMENTOS DE AGAMBEM E JAKOBS EM MILAGRES NA CELA 7
Authors: Horita Fernando Henrique da Silva
Published: December 2020

Através da produção cinematográfica turca Milagre na Cela 7 localiza-se posicionamentos de Agamben e Jakobs. Embora não seja um filme baseado em fatos reais, demonstra certas posições de ambos pensadores. O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar algumas constatações conceituais do pensamento de Jakobs com o pensamento de Agamben em Milagre na Cela 7. O método foi o dedutivo e análise a bibliográfica, sendo a pesquisa qualitativa. O filme propiciou a conexão da posição teórica sobre o inimigo em Jakobs, bem como de homo sacer e estado de exceção em Agamben.
ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DOS ACORDOS DE CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO (C,T&I) ENTRE EUROPA, AMÉRICA LATINA E CARIBE
Authors: Menezes Daniel Francisco Nagao
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar a dinâmica de publicação das associações de pesquisa colaborativa entre Europa, América Latina e Caribe. O pressuposto de pesquisa é que a colaboração é caracterizada por uma relação central estabelecida entre os pesquisadores das regiões e, a colaboração bi-regional é caracterizada por publicações científicas feitas por diferentes cientistas e instituições. O problema é descobrir se as relações científicas bi-regionais entre os países por meio da colaboração internacional têm se fortalecido nos últimos anos graças aos esforços institucionais e de pesquisadores para internacionalizar suas pesquisas. O método utilizado é a revisão bibliográfica.
A TRIBUTAÇÃO NA PANDEMIA: O RESPEITO AO PRINCÍPIO DA CAPACIDADE CONTRIBUTIVA
Authors: Baldivieso Pablo Enrique Carneiro , Baldivieso Saul Carneiro
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar os principais efeitos da pandemia na tributação brasileira, tendo como destaque o princípio constitucional da capacidade contributiva. O artigo traz como problema central, o seguinte questionamento: como a pandemia pode afetar a capacidade contributiva das pessoas? Partindo deste problema, desenvolve-se a seguinte hipótese: O Estado deve respeitar a capacidade contributiva das pessoas levando em consideração a retração econômica causada pela pandemia. Assim, serão abordados os efeitos da pandemia no campo da tributação tendo em vista o princípio da capacidade contributiva e qual o papel do judiciário sobre este aspecto.
On English Adverbials: An English Teacher’s View
Authors: Lu Yaohuan
Published: December 2020

For Grade two students in Senior High School, what is of vital importance is that students establish clear grammar networks at least after the second term to prepare themselves well for the first-round review of the third year and the following College Entrance Examination. With the scattered language points such as “with complex structure”, “participles used as adverbials”, or “absolute structure” learned by students in a gradual style, it is essential for them to clear out a main thinking path or thinking framework to make connections between knowledge points. The author finds in her years of teaching duration the relations between English adverbials, making it easier for students to know the know-how of learning English in a much scientific and reasonable way. Here are the findings.
Innovation and Research on Practical Activities of Extensive Courses——Taking xx Primary School as an Example
Authors: Xu Chenxi
Published: December 2020

With the introduction and wide application of extensive courses in recent years, their theoretical research and practical application have received more and more attention. In this paper, the current application and practice of the extensive courses at the elementary school level is studied through the integration of the theoretical concepts of extensive course and taking the practicals in the extensive courses of xx primary school as an example.
Research on STSE-HPS Teaching Design Based on the Core Quality of Chemistry Subjec—Taking the Teaching Design of "Introduction to Junior Three Chemistry" as an Example
Authors: Xu Ruizhu , Tuo Mengjiao , Yan Ting-ting
Published: December 2020

For students in the third year of junior high school, it is their first time learning the subject of chemistry. Their future learning will be largely related to the first introduction lesson taught by the teacher, so this article takes the third year chemistry introduction lesson as an example, through the combination of STSE and HPS theories applied to teaching in the process of teaching design, which plays a critical role in cultivating students' core literacy in chemistry.
Analysis of the Errors in the Chinese Students’ Composition
Authors: Lu Haiyan
Published: December 2020

Writing is a complicated process and being able to write well is usually considered to be the last skill in language learning. Teachers firstly need to find out the errors the Chinese students made in their English writing process in order to improve students’ writing ability. Errors are common characteristic of language acquisition and learning. Via studying the types of errors on the basis of error analysis theory, the author hopes to seek an effective approach to the teaching of English writing.
Miscommunication in Using English as a Lingua Franca
Authors: Cui Ruoyan
Published: December 2020

English is now widely used as a lingua franca in international communication. Communication is a collaboration of all its participants. Although mutual understanding is commonly assumed during interaction, miscommunication is inevitable. ELF communication, with its interactants from diversified lingua-cultural backgrounds, is assumed to be susceptible to communication breakdowns. To verify this assumption, some empirical studies on ELF miscommunication are reviewed. It is found that miscommunication is infrequent in ELF communication and ELF interactants proactively employ communication strategies to preempt and repair understanding problems to ensure mutual understanding.
What ALA Did in the Promotion of Game Service and What We Learned?
Authors: Ge Donglin
Published: December 2020

In the United States, library associations represented by American Library Association play a vital role in the overall development of the libraries. Especially, the successful and rapid promotion of game service significantly showed the diverse ability and great energy of library associations.  In order to reverse the attitude of librarians towards games, library associations at all levels have made multiple efforts on practice, research and guidance. This paper analyzes the various efforts of American Library Association, including branches of ALA on the successful promotion of game service.  We found that comparing with other library systems, the extraordinary organizational characteristics and working mechanism of American Library Association brought to this success on marketing new services and enhancing social influence.
Conceptos abstractos, lenguaje e hibridación
Authors: Martínez Manrique Fernando
Published: December 2020

En este artículo abordo el problema de la fundamentación de los conceptos abstractos, es decir, cómo se pueden anclar en la experiencia. Argumentaré que, incluso si los enfoques modales, corporeizados, de la cognición son capaces de remitir la adquisición de los conceptos abstractos a tipos diferenciados de experiencias en el mundo, siguen teniendo un problema con la representación mental adecuada para su articulación Haré un breve recorrido del tratamiento que reciben los conceptos abstractos en algunas teorías influyentes que dividiré en dos grandes grupos: enfoques unitarios y pluralistas. Aunque la investigación actual apunta hacia los enfoques pluralistas como los más plausibles, sigue existiendo un problema para dar cuenta de cómo estas diferentes representaciones se combinan entre sí. Explicaré esto en términos del problema de la combinación de conceptos concretos y abstractos. Tras presentar la noción de concepto híbrido, argumentaré que, frente a la estrategia de “hacer concreto” lo abstracto que es habitual en los enfoques de cognición corporeizada, existe la alternativa de “hacer abstracto” lo concreto y que esta estrategia puede ser más acorde con la propia naturaleza de las propiedades abstractas.
A Review of Theories and Practices of Multiliteracies in Classroom: Issues and Trends
Authors: Hong Ang Leng , Hua Tan Kim
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to review the concepts of literacy, multiliteracies, and multimodality in educational settings and their relevance in classroom practice. Literacy has emerged in recent years as an essential concept in the classroom teaching and learning process. With literacy views beyond the conventional print medium, it is important for teachers, educators, and learners to be given a new understanding of multiliteracies pedagogies. This paper also reflects on the development of multiliteracies paradigms. Specifically, it discusses the relevance and potentials of multimodal teaching and learning in dealing with the multiliteracies school learners bring into the classrooms including digital literacies and online literacies. This paper adopted a systematic literature review approach exploring issues and trends related to multiliteracies in the classroom context. The findings indicate that past studies often consider both the multimodality of meaning-making and meaning-recreating as well as different multiliteracies skills learners bring to the classroom. The review presented here addresses multiliteracies pedagogy in classroom teaching that benefits teachers, educators, and learners. Recommendations are made for future multiliteracies studies to strengthen the pedagogical practices in the emerging digital classroom.
Cinco abordajes de la experiencia "Cátedra de Café".
Authors: Toro Aguilar Karen Alejandra , Aiello Melina , Álvarez Diana Valeria , López Ariel , Suárez Viviana
Published: December 2020

El tránsito y quehacer colectivo como estrategia para habitar un pensamiento y un mundo en crisis, es el desafío que un grupo de artistas y docentes, autodenominadas Cátedra de Café, asumieron para construir un espacio donde el encuentro constante, caracterizado por permanecer al margen de cualquier institución, es la forma para llevar a cabo procesos de investigación que potencian la producción artística individual y colectiva. En este ensayo se desarrollan reflexiones, metodología, experiencias y resultados de las derivas de la Cátedra. En definitiva, es una propuesta de aprendizaje colectivo, situado y crítico.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF SOFTWARE BAITS (HONEYPOTS) AS A MEANS OF ENSURING INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Opirskyy Ivan , Vasylyshyn Sviatoslav , Piskozub Andrian
Published: December 2020

This article analyses the usage of software baits as an information security asset. They provided close research about honeypot types, their advantages and disadvantages, possible security breaches, configuration and overall system effectiveness. Often, the entire electronic business of the organization is at stake, and even with the most reliable system of protection, a one-hundred-per cent guarantee of invulnerability of internal company data will not be given in principle. Depending on the goals pursued by the software lure, it can have various configuration parameters, ranging from software levels that do not require large settings and ending with complex hardware complexes. Depending on the level of complexity of the bait and its capabilities, they can be classified into three groups: weak, medium, and strong levels of interaction. In addition to the purely practical application of Honeypot, described above, no less important is the other side of the issue - research. Unfortunately, one of the most pressing problems for security professionals is the lack of information. Who threatens, why they attack, how and by what means they use - these questions very often do not have a clear answer. Informed means are armed, but in the world of security such information is not enough - there are no data sources. This is a very rare scenario, as no one can even theoretically allow the possibility of using a trap as a starting point to attack other objects. If you allow Honeypot to connect to remote hosts, an attacker could attack other systems using the trap's IP address as the source of the attack, which would cause serious legal issues. This possibility may be prohibited or controlled, but if it is prohibited, it may seem suspicious to the attacker, and if it exists but is controlled, the attacker may assess the restrictions or prohibited requests based on the information received, conclude that the attacked object is a trap.
Genotype and phenotype association in Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy
Authors: Matukynaitė L. , Liutkevičienė R. , Gelžinis A. , Žemaitienė R.
Published: December 2020

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the most common hereditary mitochondrial optic neuropathies characterized by bilateral, painless, subacute or acute loss of central vision. The disease usually develops between the ages of 15 and 35. The majority of LHON patients are men (about 90%). LHON prevalence is commonly associated with the three most common point mutations in the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA): m.11778 G>A, m.14484 T>C, m.3460 G>A. Point mutations that occur in deoxyribonucleic acid leads to mitochondrial respiratory chain I complex damage in all main known mutations.In this article, we review associations between the genotype and phenotype of LHON with the various mtDNA mutations in patients with LHON.
The limits of economic theories and models
Authors: Visser Hans
Published: December 2020

Aim: This article was written out of a felt need to reflect on the relationship between economic theories and models on the one hand and the empirical world as we experience it on the other. The question is in particular whether it is possible for economic models and theories to say anything definitive about the world we live in.

 

Design/Research methods: The article relies on professional publications, both within the field of economics and outside of it.

 

Conclusions/findings: There is much reason for humility, economic models and theories have hardly anything definitive to say about the empirical world, and there is a need for a more varied menu of theories and models and for a listening ear for the needs and fears of the population at large. The best we can do is discussing competing and conflicting views in a polite way. However, this requires a Sprachethik that looks more and more like an endangered species.

 

Originality/value of the article: Recent developments concerning the reach of economic models and theories are related to earlier discussions and a way forward is sketched
Optimism in a time of uncertainty. Spinoza, Kant and the eternal peace
Authors: Roos Ingrid
Published: December 2020

Aim: This article describes ideas of Enlightenment thinkers about the building of a democratic state with responsible and rationally thinking citizens. The article starts with the ideas of Spinoza, formulated in the seventeenth century, and will end in our time, where democracy is under threat.

 

Design/Research method: The article relies on professional publications, both within the fields of philosophy and political sociology.

 

Conclusions/findings: The study concludes that the optimistic expectations about the increase of democracy and the stability of democratic institutions in the world are no longer valid.

 

Originality/Value of the article: Recent developments in the political field in the western world make this optimism questionable
Towards Sustainable Innovations - essay in memoriam of Andries Nentjes
Authors: Krozer Yoram
Published: December 2020

Aim: This paper assesses theoretically and empirically three key factors for sustainable development within context of debates about economy and environment: autonomous technological change, induced technological change and barriers of entry to innovations.

 

Design/research methods: The paper covers a literature review on strong versus weak sustainability, followed by an explanation of autonomous technological change. Statistical analysis with literature review on induced technological change due to consumers’ and policy demands for sustainable innovations, as well as literature review on policy support for the incumbent interests that rival sustainable innovations is provided. The information used is largely based on two chapters in the book on sustainable innovations (Krozer 2015), and presented in the context of long scientific cooperation with the late Andries Nentjes.

 

Conclusion/findings: The economic theoretical debates are hardly relevant for policies on sustainable innovations, because political views are inconsistent with observations and change during fluctuations in economic outcomes. The main conclusion is that autonomous technological change is the driver of sustainable innovations. Present policies pose barriers of entry to sustainable innovations, where the global value of support for vested interest exceeds the market potential for induced technological change due to demands of policies and consumers put together.

 

Originality/value of the paper: The study contribution to understanding of autonomous and induced technological change, showing that shifting policy support away from the incumbent interests towards sustainable innovations is key for sustainable development.