bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASPEK ETIK DAN SISTEMIK DALAM EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM
Authors: Harsanto Budi
Published: February 2019

The fall of Enron, Lehman Brothers and other major financial institution in the world make researchers conduct various studies about crisis. The research question in this study is, from Islamic economics and business standpoint, why the global financial crisis can happen repeatedly. The purpose is to contribute ideas regarding Islamic viewpoint linked with the global financial crisis. The methodology used is a theoretical-reflective to various article published in academic journals and other intellectual resources with relevant themes. There are lots of analyses on the causes of the crisis. For discussion purposes, the causes divide into two big parts namely ethics and systemic. Ethics contributed to the crisis by greed and moral hazard as a theme that almost always arises in the study of the global financial crisis. Systemic means that the crisis can only be overcome with a major restructuring of the system. Islamic perspective on these two aspect is diametrically different. At ethics side, there is exist direction to obtain blessing in economics and business activities. At systemic side, there is rule of halal and haram and a set of mechanism of economics system such as the concept of ownership that will early prevent the seeds of crisis. Keywords: Islamic economics and business, business ethics, financial crisis
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN SPIRITUAL SYAIKH 'ABD AL-QADIR AL-JILANIY
Authors: Badrudin Badrudin
Published: February 2019

The Principles of Islam requirehuman to maintain  and improve their moral values BuT in fact, many  Moslems  face problems of moral deteriora tion, crisis of beliefs, and moral decadence that happenin all aspects of life. This moral deterioration is often associated by  the  experts  of  education  with the failure of educat ion. The failure of education relates to the education system that has various components that affect each other. The elements needed in the education system are the goal of education , educators, students, tool s,  and  natural  surroundings. The results of this study indicate that the essence of  spiritual  learning obligations according to Syaikh 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilaniy is araising the total of  truth towards  Allah SWT's path.  The aims of the learning areto implement knowledge and clean  the heart (tazkiyyah al-nafs) from worldly characters and the lust of dirtiness to ma'rifatullah. Spiritual educators are  those who  practice  the law of Allah, clean the heart and  guide  students to the  safety of life  in the Hereafter . Learners constantly face Allah and obey Him, do not meet the call besides Allah, listen  to  the  call  of  Allah  and implement everything stated in the Qur ·an  and  the  Prophet tradition. Teaching method used is the method of mau'izhah, sima',  ahwal ,   and   muhasabah  fial-nafs (introspection). Educational materials are  based  on  the  basics  of  spiritual education in the Qur'an, the Prothet tradition. and the opinion of Muslim religious leaders who have noble characters and integrate science.  Moral education  is  the core of Islamic education. The implications of the spiritual educational thought of Syaikh 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilaniy toward the reality of Islamic education in Indonesia is the emphasis of moral education that leads to a balance relationship  between  the  exoteric  and esoteric aspects of the learning process.
GUIDELINES FOR IJTIHAD IN RESPONDING TO THE CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS
Authors: Fauzi Fauzi
Published: February 2019

Terminologically, ijtihad means to give all out the efforts. This term is being used specifically on a task that needs 'energy plus'. In terms of Jurisprudence Islamic Scholars, this term means to give out the efforts in producing and resulting shariajurisprudence and law. ljtihad is never ends as being mentioned by ulemas, first, it is impossible for ijtihad ro hu stopped except with the ended of asl al-taklil (responsihility) which means the Resurrection Day. Second it is impossible for ijtihad to be ended before this world ruins. A mujtahid must be able to comprehend the Arabic language until he can understand the term extrinsically and intrinsically.  He also must be able to comprehend the interpretation of al-Qur 'an especially rhat are related with jurisprudence and law (ayat al-ahkam) accompanied with his knowledge regarding khabar and the competent Companions in their field. Meanwhile in Hadith field, a mujtahid must be able to differentiate between Hadith Sahih than Hadith Dhaif, whether with knowing the narrators and their justice or scrutinize it through the book of al-sahihah, comprehend khabar, matan and sanad including with the ability to recognize the narrator, ta’dil and tajrih, the last time they narrated hadith, a specific questions that becomes the cause of Hadith being revealed, differentiate between the law whether they are compulsory, Sunnah, forbidden and permissible until they are not mixed among them. They also must be able to comprehend the argument that becomes consensus (ijma) between the scholars until not to produce other ijtihad that oppose with them. Fifth, apprehend the position of analogical (qiyas) in terms of theoretically and practically. Furthermore, there are differences between ijtihad (ijtihad ) methods during every ages which are during the revelation (sharia) phase, during the companions' ijtihad age, during the tabi 'in ijtihad age, during ijtihad sect (mazhab) age. It involves lots of new and contemporary incident that do not exist during rhe era of Prophet Muhammad pbuh. Hence, a ijtihad must be made to extract a law regarding the particular issues that are being arisen.
Pengaruh Super KIPS Terhadap Emisi Gas Buang Sepeda Motor 2 Tak Kawasaki Ninja R150 Tahun 2013
Authors: Pujiono Akhmad
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil perbandingan kadar emisi gas buang terutama pada kandungan CO dan HC dari penggunaan super KIPS dan yang tidak menggunakan super KIPS. Bahan bakar yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pertalite, pertamax, dan pertamax turbo. Adapun RPM yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari RPM 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, 10.000. Super KIPS (Kawasaki Integrated Power valve System) pada sepeda motor Kawasaki Ninja 150 R tahun 2013 merupakan seuatu teknologi yang dimiliki oleh produsen sepeda motor Kawasaki yang bertujuan untuk mengatur sistem gas buang sehingga memenuhi standar euro 2. Selain itu super KIPS dapat menambah peforma dari sepeda motor Kawasaki Ninja 150R tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian terhadap hasil uji emisi gas buang HC tanpa super kips pada sepeda motor Kawasaki ninja 150 R tahun 2013 dengan variasi bahan bakar berbeda dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar HC paling rendah berada pada bahan bakar pertalite dengan 3533 ppm pada putaran mesin 10,000 RPM. Dan hasil paling tingginya berada pada bahan bakar pertamax dengan 6951 ppm pada putaran mesin 4000 RPM. hasil uji emisi gas buang HC dengan menggunakan super kips pada sepeda motor Kawasaki ninja 150 R tahun 2013 dengan variasi bahan bakar berbeda dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar HC paling rendah berada pada bahan bakar pertamax turbo 3327 ppm pada putaran mesin 10,000 RPM. Dan hasil paling tingginya berada pada bahan bakar pertamax 6540 ppm pada putaran mesin 6000 RPM.
Penurunan Kecemasan pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menggunakan Terapi Musik
Authors: Yuniartika Wachidah , Santi Catur Novita , Azizah S Nur
Published: February 2019

Latar belakang : Pada pasien skizofrenia akan mengalami gangguan alam perasaan yang ditandai ketakutan yang mendalam dan berkelanjutan, sehingga dapat terjadi gangguan dalam menilai kenyataan, kepribadian penuh, perilaku dapat terganggu namun masih dalam batas normal, ini menandakan bahwa mereka mengalami gelaja cemas.  Salah satu terapi nonfarmakologi yang efektif adalah mendengarkan musik. Musik memiliki kekuatan untuk mengobati penyakit dan meningkatkan kemampuan pikiran seseorang.Tujuan : Mengetahui efektifitas terapi musik pada pasien skizofrenia sebagai alat mengurangi kecemasan.Metode : penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan metode quasi experiment dengan  pretest-postest with control group. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah sakit jiwa daerah Surakarta pada bulan Desember 2017. Populasi penelitian pasien Skizofrenia tanpa komplikasi berjumlah 42 di RSJD Surakarta berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling, dengan Kriteria inklusi: Pasien skizofrenia yang mengalami cemas ringan dan sedang, Umur 20-35 tahun, lama sakit lebih dari 2 tahun. Dengan menggunakan rumus slovin ditetapkan sampel perlakuan 19 kontrol 19 responden. Instrumen untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan dengan Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS), Terapi music menggunakan music klasik yang tenang.Hasil : Hasil penelitian pada kelompok intervensi kecemasan sebelum intervensi berada dalam kategori kecemasan ringan dengan nilai rata-rata 18.05, setelah diberikan terapi musik terdapat penurunan kecemasan dengan nilai rata-rata 10.32 dalam katagori tidak cemas dengan selisih penurunan 7.73 dan P value 0.001. Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol P value 0.162.Kesimpulan : Pemberian terapi musik efektif menurunkan kecemasan secara bermakna.
REALISATION OF STUDENTSʼ INDIVIDUAL LEARNING STRATEGIES OF PROFFESIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Siniahovska I.Yu.
Published: February 2019

The article deals with the modern tendencies of professional training of students of humanitarian specialties. The main functions of the modern professional education of a humanitarian specialists are described. The role of individual strategies for training students in humanities and the ways of their practical realization for the purpose of professional competence formation are outlined.
SYSTEM APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION FOR THE PURPOSES OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT STUDENTS’ KEY COMPETENCES FORMATION
Authors: Udovichenko H.M. , Ostapenko S.A.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this article is to describe the feasibility of using a system approach to the formation of the higher educational establishment students’ key competences formation, and this phenomenon definition propriety by the pedagogical system. In the learning policy of higher education, formation of various didactic and pedagogical phenomena is in process. Analyzing the problems of training and education, determining the process of higher educational establishment students’ key competences formation by the pedagogical system, one can conclude that they need a system approach in the course of their development. The situation prevailing
in the professional training of the specialist encourages educational institutions to look for ways to improve the educational process. It is known that from the standpoint of a systematic approach, the learning process is regarded as a system that is subject to planning and developing a clear hierarchy of goals, knowledge and skills that comply with the overall ultimate goal of the system all components, and is also in constant development. Changing or replacing one parameter or component significantly affects all others. A system approach emerged as a response to the long-standing domination of analytical research method, which is inadequate in cases where the object being studied contributes the need to correlate its parts with one another or to correlate a part and the whole, to establish the relationship between, at first glance, incomparable facts accumulated within even one research work, as well as when it is necessary to search for analogies and similarities in phenomena of different origins.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL VOCABULARY IN TEXTS BY JEREMI CLARKSON (TRANSLATED AND STYLISTIC ASPECT)
Authors: Pavlyk V.I. , Maksymyshyn N.V.
Published: February 2019

This article explores the peculiarities of socio-political vocabulary. The features of journalistic discourse. The specificity of the function of socio-political vocabulary in journalistic. The features translate sociopolitical vocabulary. The ways of translation socio-political vocabulary in the material Clarckson J. The World According to Clarckson and reflection of socio-political vocabulary in Andrii Masliuh’s translation is carried out.
CRYPTOCURRENCY AS AN INVESTMENT IN THE CHARTER CAPITAL OF AN ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP: CHALLENGES AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Voloshina G.O.
Published: February 2019

The article identifies gaps in the legal regulation of Kiptocurrency status. The state of legislative regulation of cryptocurrency turnover in Ukraine is considered. The possibility of using cryptocurrency is considered in the economic activities of business entities, namely, making it into the authorized capital. The analysis of modern and foreign experience is given for example. On its basis, the solution of this problem is proposed.
ELECTRONIC CONTRACT: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Sachuk B.P.
Published: February 2019

The paper analyzes the problems of electronic document circulation in labor law. In particular, the lack of the possibility of concluding an electronic labor contract in domestic law. The arguments are in favor of the fact that an electronic labor contract should be introduced into the Draft Labor Code.
THE DREAM IMAGE OF EUROPE FINE ART
Authors: Zhdanova A.V.
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the display of the topic of dream image in European painting. According to the exploration research which was conducted, we can say that humanity has long paid attention to the theme of dreams. The image of dream in fine arts has religious roots. Even with time, the image of a dream in the art space does not deprive its sacred grounds. Creating a non-material image is an interesting challenge for the artists and gives them a lot of options for the implementation of this topic. The dream image takes a respectable place in the art history.
IMAGE OF ELPHORS IN MODERN VISUAL ART
Authors: Pyvovar H.V.
Published: February 2019

The article is devoted to the historical analysis of the image of the elves based on the mythological logic of the ancient Celts and the transformation of these images in the visual arts. This is due to the growing interest of the artists of Celtic mythology, fairy tales, fantasy, mythological beings, in particular, the elves. The images of elves in the visual arts of the present are analyzed.
CONCEPTUAL AND PLOT-STYLISTIC FEATURES OF GRAPHIC SOLUTION OF MODERN UKRAINIAN ABCS
Authors: Pylyavets L.Y.
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes modern Ukrainian alphabets of leading publishing houses. The focus is on artistic decision making, the general concept of the abbey. The emphasis is placed on the importance of abecting in the teaching of the child. It is noted that with the development of modern technology appear interactive digital books, whose purpose is to help in teaching children. Due to this, ordinary, paper developing books have to withstand high competition, and one of the most important ways to defend their niche in the market is an interesting and original concept and high quality graphic, illustrative presentation of the material.
Threats and Vulnerabilities Affecting the Adoption of Cloud Computing in Iraq
Authors: Adil Dheyab Omar , Ibrahim Turki Ahmed , B. Rahmatullah B. Rahmatullah
Published: February 2019

Cloud computing offers many benefits including enhanced flexibility, disaster recovery, free capital expenditures, automatic software updates, sustainability, and work anytime, anywhere. In addition, many other features and services can be offered to customers. However, cloud computing still suffers many threats which may cause vulnerabilities. Therefore, today many organizations are still hesitant to adopt cloud computing because of fear for privacy of their data and confidentiality. Understanding and addressing security threats are a prerequisite for unleashing the huge potential of cloud computing. In this study, a survey is conducted on some cloud service providers and users to explore security threats and vulnerabilities in cloud computing experienced by many organizations in Iraq. Consequently, many countermeasures are proposed. Descriptive research methodology is adopted in this research. The results of the study showed that privacy, confidentiality, control of data are the main obstacle to cloud computing adoption.
Bricolage a Design Approach for Improving High Density Area
Authors: Shaflian Islami A. , Evawani Ellisa
Published: February 2019

This study aims to arouse the awareness of designers on how to see bricolage as a design approach to improve the quality of life in informal kampung settlements. The study case is Kampung Cikini Kramat in Jakarta. Thispocket kampung surrounded by buildings and infrastructure that have been considered to be tidy and orderly established. Urban dwellers living in informal settlements such as kampung, favelas, pueblos jóvenes and gecekondu are mostly judged to be the people who are not well established and left behind. However, it appears that they tend to advocate innovation and sustainability from their own habits by using the concept of bricolage. Bricolage is a skill of using whatever at hands to create something new was depends on its locality. The method of this study is by finding the signs of bricolage as a part oflocalhabitsand knowledges, thentrying to utilize the inhabitant’s knowledge to improve the kampung conditions.First, this study will find how bricolage can be found in the daily life of informal settlements. Second, we will discuss our real built projects, explaining the strategies of our involvement as a designer working together withthe local community to create the design approach by using the local knowledge of bricolage. The study concludes that bricolage is a continuous concept of self-help urbanism, which invigorates the quality of life in informal settlements.
Smart Home Users Perception on Sustainable Urban Living and Legal Challenges in Malaysia
Authors: Laili Yeon Asmah , Basarudin Noor Ashikin , Yusoff Zuryati Mohamed , Mahathir Nazli , Md Dahlan Nuarrual Hilal
Published: February 2019

Smart homes can improve life by providing comfort, leisure, safety, and healthcare to residents. Nevertheless, the smart home concept depends on the integration on human and non-human intelligence, which raises a host of questions concerning its implication on legal liability. The legal issues in relation to definition of smart home, data protection, privacy, liability and insurance coverage. The aims of this paper is to discuss the perception of smart home users on the sustainable urban living and its challenges. This is a qualitative study and involves a small survey among smart home users in Kuala Lumpur. The findings show that there is no legal specific definition of smart home, there is no specific standard or specification issued by any regulatory bodies to regulate the network or appliances being used in smart homes. Majority of residents agreed that there are threats of privacy to smart home users. And privacy is not guaranteed and majority of residents agreed that their smart home and devices is not covered by insurance policy. Hence, a policy and specific law or at least provisions regarding smart home must be drafted or inserted in the present statute initiated by the Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing, and Local Government of Malaysia.
Evaluating the Behavioral Intention to Use E-Government Services from Malaysian’s Perspective in Kedah State of Malaysia
Authors: Virgiyanti Wiwied , Azidin Siti Sarah , Asim Tufail Muhammad , Ahmad Azizah
Published: February 2019

Recognizing the importance of ICT, e-Government initiatives are rising through public organizations and public administration all over the world. Malaysia as a developing country had started implementing e-Government to improve the public services for the people. Unfortunately, public acceptance and usage towards e-Government are still very limited in most developing countries. The main purpose of this study is to investigate citizen adoption of e-government services in the northern region of Malaysia. Importantly, this study aims to develop a conceptual framework that is based on previous literature on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, by examining the relationships between four factors (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, and Facilitating Conditions) and Citizen adoption of e-Government services. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from 22 Malaysian citizens in the state of Kedah, Malaysia, randomly. The findings indicate that Effort expectancy, Social influence and Facilitating conditions are the significant predictors of the Malaysian intention to use an e-Government services, while Performance Expectancy is proven to be an insignificant predictor for the Malaysian’s intention to use an e-Government services. The study has made contributions to the body of knowledge at academic and practical levels as an important exploratory study that was conducted in the context of Malaysia, a country which aims to be a developed country by 2020. In addition, this study provides some valuable insights into the adoption of e-Government in Malaysian context which could help government agencies to improve the effectiveness of their services.
Security Behaviors on Social Network Sites Used For Academic Purposes: A Comparison of Security Preparedness and Awareness among IT and Non-IT Postgraduate Students
Authors: T. L. Ashafee Somia Moh. , Zakaria Nur Haryani , Mohamad Tahir Hatim , Katuk Norliza , Nizam Omar Mohd
Published: February 2019

Security and privacy issues are a major concern to users of social network sites (SNS). These issues range from unauthorized access to personal information to cyber bullying. Previous researchers have been exerting different perspectives including technical, psychological and law to study privacy and security issues. However, the issues of security and privacy seems to be ongoing. In view of the security threats and privacy issues of student using SNS, this study sets out to examine the security awareness, preparedness towards cyber-attacks and security behaviors among IT and Non-IT postgraduate students. As such, 400 postgraduate students were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. The findings reported in this study revealed that IT students have significantly high security awareness and behavior as compared to Non-IT students. However, there is no significant difference between the preparedness towards cyber-attacks of both IT and Non-IT students. Finally, this study demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between preparedness towards cyber-attacks and security behaviors. The theoretical and practical implications of this study highlight the importance of security awareness and understanding of technical-know how in preempting security attacks among SNS users.
The Determinants of Corporate Cash Holdings: Do Firm Characteristics and Industry Matter?
Authors: Kwan Jing-Hui , Lau Wee-Yeap
Published: February 2019

We join a recent surge of corporate cash literature by using a sample of hospitality firms to gain a new understanding of corporate cash holdings. Existing literature predominantly refers to US-listed firms and focus on either hotels or restaurants and not the hospitality industry as a whole. Therefore, we provide a comparative study of cash holdings behaviour between hospitality and non-hospitality firms in an emerging market context. Using a sample of public listed hospitality firms in Malaysia firms from 2002 to 2013, dynamic panel regression techniques are used to study the relationships between firm characteristics and cash levels. Also, the non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was carried out to examine the time and sectoral differences in cash holdings. The results reveal that firm characteristics do matter in hospitality firms. We also show that industry representation drives the difference in cash holdings between hospitality and non-hospitality firms. We find that firm size, capital expenditures, and liquid assets substitutes are negatively related to cash level. The results support trade-off theory and the pecking order theory. This study incrementally explains the cash holdings behaviour of hospitality firms in emerging market, such as Malaysia. This paper points to an avenue of investigation for future cash holdings research to include firm characteristics and industry as part of the cash holdings determinants.
Unusual Distal Tibia BCOR Sarcoma: A Case Report and Review of Imaging Features
Authors: Bharucha Puja
Published: February 2019

Ewing’s sarcoma is a common pediatric sarcoma. There is a subset of tumors similar to Ewing’s sarcoma in several aspects, but negative for all known translocations. The BCOR sarcoma is one example. There are limited descriptions of the radiologic imaging findings. Previous reports describe the radiologic features as “aggressive” and “similar” to Ewing’s sarcoma. This implies a permeative lesion centered in the diaphysis. Our case was geographic with a well-defined border and sharp zone of transition.

Keywords: Ewing’s sarcoma, BCOR sarcoma, Imaging
Social Changes in the Post-Tsunami Banda Aceh City
Authors: Ismail Ismail , S Salahuddin , Amirulkamar Amirulkamar
Published: February 2019

Post-Tsunami Aceh has a significant impact on the people of Banda City, especially during and after rehabilitation and reconstruction has caused dependence and various kinds of social problems as a problem that arises so that social change occurs. The social change of the people of Banda Aceh City does not all lead to positive things, but also the changes refer to the negative direction. The social change in question is a change in the social value of the people of Banda Aceh due to assistance (cash for work) given to the community during the rehabilitation and reconstruction so that social changes occur. This study aims to examine and describe why social change occurred in the people of Banda Aceh after the tsunami using a qualitative approach. Data obtained through observation and interviews with various speakers. Determination of informants was done by purposive sampling with consideration of the informants were part of the community of Banda Aceh and people who survived the tsunami disaster. To analyze the research researchers used the theory of social change. The results showed that after the tsunami there had been a social change in the people of Banda Aceh City, there were positive changes, some were negative. Positive changes in the community feel that many help so that they can meet their needs in the short term, while the larger negative impacts, especially regarding social values such as the level of community participation in Banda Aceh in the construction of village development decrease, are evident from the fading of mutual cooperation inherent in community members and weak social responsibility resulting from dependence and individualistic attitudes
The first find of a harpoon from the Lublin Region
Authors: Libera Jerzy
Published: February 2019

A harpoon of type 5 according to J. G. D. Clark (= type 04.01 according to L. B. M. Verhart) was found in the area of the Wieprz-Krzna Canal. In the Polish literature such harpoons are known as the Gniewino type. The 14C dating of specimens from Bolkowo (MKL-1871: 7760±50 BP) and the Wieprz-Krzna Canal (Poz-31597: 9380±50 BP) indicate their association with the Maglemose circle.
A horn-shaped clay vessel from the Lusatian Culture cemetery in Kryspinów, commune Liszki, site no. 2
Authors: Byrska-Fudali Małgorzata , Kowalczyk-Matys Paulina
Published: February 2019

Site no. 2 in Kryspinów, located north-west of Cracow, is situated on the right bank of the Sanka River, namely in the area where the Sanka Valley joins the floodplain of the Vistula River. In 2015 and 2016, archaeological investigations preceding the construction of a housing estate were carried out at this site, taking up an area of approx. 18 ares. As a result of the research the northern zone of the cemetery, dated to the turn of the Bronze and Iron Ages, was identified and explored. During the excavations, 48 archaeological features were uncovered, including 33 cremation graves of the Lusatian ulture. The excavations delivered mostly ceramic artefacts and few bronze objects (chains and wire rings). The cemetery was used at the turn of Period V and HaC, namely within the Prokocim-Skotniki phase according to the chronological system developed for this region by M. Gedl. Among the most interesting finds one should mention a horn-shaped vessel discovered in a cremation burial in pit no. 9. According to the division proposed by B. Gediga for specimens of that type, the artefact in question should be included into type I, subtype 1. Chronological frames for the clay horn from Kryspinów can be determined only in general, based on the dating of other materials obtained from the cemetery, i.e. to Bronze Age Period V–HaC.
Perlindungan Hukum Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Masyarakat Kota Baubau
Authors: Yusuf Haris , Hasima Rahman
Published: February 2019

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang kondisi perlindungan hak kekayaan intelektual masyarakat Kota Baubau dan model pengembangan perlindungan hukum hak kekayaan intelektual masyarakat Kota Baubau. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach) dan pendekatan historis (historical approach) dan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Kota Baubau mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar dalam perlindungan HKI karena memiliki keanekaragaman budaya dan hasil- hasil industri kreatif yang mampu hidup dan berkembang dalam menghadapi era perdagangan bebas dan modernisasi yang terjadi saat ini. Namun belum ada yang mendapatkan perlindungan HKI karena terdapat beberapa kendala, di antaranya pertama, masih rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat bahkan pemerintah tentang hak kekayaan intelektual itu sendiri, mulai dari ruang lingkup, proses pendaftaran, dan manfaat apa yang diperoleh dari adanya perolehan hak dari kekayaan intelektual. Kedua, relatif masih rendahnya insentif atau penghargaan pemerintah atas karya cipta masyarakat hingga pada akhirnya kurang memicu para seniman, peneliti ataupun penemu untuk menghasilkan karya yang inovatif. Ketiga,kurangnya informasi tentang HKI yang disebabkan oleh jauhnya jarak letak tempat penemu/pengrajin terhadap pusat- pusat informasi HKI. Sedangkan Model pengembangan perlindungan Hak kekayaan intelektual masyarakat kota Baubau dapat meliputi : 1)Pembentukan payung hukum berupa perda yang mengatur Hak Kekayaan Intelektual, 2) Pendokumentasian HKI masyarakat Kota Baubau, 3) Peran aktif pihak terkait/pemerintah untuk melindungi dan menumbuhkan kesadaran kepada pengrajin/penemu/seniman akan pentingnya HKI, 4) Membangun budaya hukum bagi masyarakat melalui seminar- seminar atau lokakarya budaya, 5) Pelatihan pencatatan dan pendaftaran HKI.
Perspektif Hukum Perjanjian Kerja Perseroan Terbatas State Development and Investment Corporation (SDIC) Papua Indonesia Cement Manokwari
Authors: Nauw Anace
Published: February 2019

Isu ketenagakerjaan merupakan salah satu isu penting yang perlu mendapat perhatian baik di tingkat nasional maupun di dunia internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan perjanjian kerja antara pekerja/karyawan dengan PT. SDIC Papua Indonesia Cement Manokwari. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan dengan mengkaji dan menganalisis beberapa undang-undang yang berkaitan dan relevan dengan isu penelitian pada tataran praktis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian kerja antara karyawan dengan PT. SDIC Papua Indonesia Cement Manokwari pada dasarnya merupakan kesepakatan pihak perusahaan dengan pihak serikat pekerja, namun demikian kedudukan yang tidak berimbang secara ekonomis, mengakibatkan kesepakatan berjalan satu arah dimana perusahaan lebih dominan dalam menentukan isi kontrak, sehingga asas kebebasan berkontrak kurang terpenuhi. Pelaksanaan perjanjian antara pekerja/karyawan dengan PT. SDIC Papua Indonesia Cement Manokwari dalam memperoleh hak-hak dasar Pengupahan kurang terimplementasi dengan baik.
RETRACTED: Podophyllotoxin and Rutin Modulate M1 (iNOS+) Macrophages and Mitigate Lethal Radiation (LR) Induced Inflammatory Responses in Mice
Authors: Nadella Vinod , Ranjan Rajiv , Senthilkumaran Balasubramanian , Qadri S. S. Y. H. , Pothani Suresh , Singh Ajay Kumar , Gupta Manju L. , Prakash Hridayesh
Published: February 2019

Accidental exposure to lethal doses of Gamma radiation leads to the systemic inflammatory syndrome which causes mortality. In view of this, management of hemopoietic syndrome by modulating pro-inflammatory response in clinically manageable time period seems to be the most appropriate strategy for encountering radiation induced damage and recovery. As both tissue and peripheral macrophages are critical for the management of radiation induced injuries, we have unraveled the immunomodulatory potential of radioprotective formulation (G-003M) on peripheral macrophages populations in this study. G-003M inhibited lethal radiation induced NO and Th1 effector cytokines in the exposed macrophages indicating its M1 dim polarizing capacity. In similar lines, conditioning of mice with G-003M before lethal irradiation (LR) inhibited LR induced titre of Th1 effector cytokines in both serums as well as in lung, small intestine, and spleen tissue confirming its immunomodulatory potential. G-003M potentially down modulated inflammatory response in LPS induced inflammatory model and enhanced M2 polarization of iNOS+ M1 effector macrophages providing a molecular hint on G-003M mechanism of action on macrophages. These observations revealed that G-003M potentially modulate pro-inflammatory programming of macrophages and mitigate radiation-induced inflammatory stress which is believed to contribute significantly to radioprotective attribute of G-003M. In this study, we demonstrate that Rutin and Podophyllotoxin drive M1dim/M2 polarization of LR primed macrophages apart from protecting DNA from radiation. These drugs have the capacity to programme innate immune cells like macrophages which may be involved in homeostasis during recovery.
Bullous Pemphigoid IgG Induces Cell Dysfunction and Enhances the Motility of Epidermal Keratinocytes via Rac1/Proteasome Activation
Authors: Tie Duerna , Da Xia , Natsuga Ken , Yamada Nanako , Yamamoto Osamu , Morita Eishin
Published: February 2019

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of blisters, in which autoantibodies mainly target type XVII collagen (ColXVII) expressed in basal keratinocytes. BP IgG is known to induce the internalization of ColXVII from the plasma membrane of keratinocytes through macropinocytosis. However, the cellular dynamics following ColXVII internalization have not been completely elucidated. BP IgG exerts a precise effect on cultured keratinocytes, and the morphological/functional changes in BP IgG-stimulated cells lead to the subepidermal blistering associated with BP pathogenesis. Based on the electron microscopy examination, BP IgG-stimulated cells exhibit alterations in the cell membrane structure and the accumulation of intracellular vesicles. These morphological changes in the BP IgG-stimulated cells are accompanied by dysfunctional mitochondria, increased production of reactive oxygen species, increased motility, and detachment. BP IgG triggers the cascade leading to metabolic impairments and stimulates cell migration in the treated keratinocytes. These cellular alterations are reversed by pharmacological inhibitors of Rac1 or the proteasome pathway, suggesting that Rac1 and proteasome activation are involved in the effects of BP IgG on cultured keratinocytes. Our study highlights the role of keratinocyte kinetics in the direct functions of IgG in patients with BP.
The Influence of Seed Viability on the Germination and In Vitro Multiple Shoot Regeneration of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Mangena Phetole , Mokwala Phatlane William
Published: February 2019

The moisture status of seeds is usually high during the period of harvest and deterioration (loss of viability) starts to occur when seeds are stored for longer periods. In the present study, soybean seeds were evaluated using a standard germination test, in vitro germination, and for efficient multiple shoot induction, following storage under ambient conditions for 0, 3, 6 and 9 months. Results showed that seeds stored for more than 3 months had reduced moisture content and decreased germination percentages in LS677, LS678, Dundee, Peking, TGx1740-2F and TGx1835-10E of the tested genotypes. In particular, seeds stored for 9 months showed significantly poor seed viability and less than 50% overall seed germination (Dundee—42%, LS678—49%, TGx 1740-2F—44%, TGx 1835-10E—48%), except for LS677 and Peking, with 52 and 55%, respectively. The efficiency of multiple shoot induction also decreased with prolonged seed storage, with all genotypes recording an overall decline from about 96% to 40% regeneration efficiency within 9 months. The results obtained clearly indicated that high germination rates and efficient in vitro shoot induction depended largely on seed viability and storage duration, and significantly differed according to genotypes.
Vegetal-Derived Biostimulant Enhances Adventitious Rooting in Cuttings of Basil, Tomato, and Chrysanthemum via Brassinosteroid-Mediated Processes
Authors: Kim Hye-Ji , Ku Kang-Mo , Choi Seunghyun , Cardarelli Mariateresa
Published: February 2019

Plant-derived protein biostimulants exhibit hormone-like activities promoting plant growth and yield, yet detailed investigations on hormonal function have remained limited. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vegetal-derived-biostimulant on morphological and metabolic changes in cuttings of three herbaceous species demonstrating different rooting ability, basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum L.), in comparison to auxin. Unrooted cuttings were applied with or without biostimulant (100, 1000, 5000, and 10,000 mg L−1) or auxin [1% indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) plus 0.5% 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 100, 200, 300, and 500 mg L−1] as a basal quick-dip, stuck into inert media, and evaluated at 20 days after placement under intermittent mist. Both compounds increased adventitious rooting in all cuttings. Biostimulant required a significantly higher threshold for a series of adventitious rooting responses than auxin, and the maximum effectiveness was achieved at 5000 mg L−1 for biostimulant and 100, 200, and 300 mg L−1 for auxin in basil, tomato, and chrysanthemum, respectively. Adventitious rooting responses (dry mass and length) to biostimulant showed a gradual logarithmic rise as a function of increasing dosages, which was not in agreement with biphasic dose-response of auxin. Biostimulant significantly increased or tended to increase fine roots in all tested cuttings, which was not consistent with auxin. Relatively high levels of endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) were present in non-treated cuttings of basil, tomato, and chrysanthemum in decreasing order. Both compounds had no effects or concomitantly increased or decreased BR levels in plant tissues, with fewer effects on basil and tomato, containing high BR levels, but more prominent effects on chrysanthemum, containing relatively low BR levels. Contrasting effects of biostimulant and auxin were found in antioxidant activities, which were promoted by biostimulant but inhibited by auxin either in roots or shoots. These results indicate that the hormonal effects of vegetal-derived biostimulant are primarily exerted by BR-mediated processes while involving interaction with auxin. Both the biostimulant-derived BRs and auxin were suggested to modulate endogenous BR pool via overlapping and interdependent regulatory functions, inducing morphological and metabolic changes during adventitious rooting of cuttings in a plant species-specific manner.
Stocking Density Affects Stress and Anxious Behavior in the Laying Hen Chick During Rearing
Authors: von Eugen Kaya , Nordquist Rebecca E. , Zeinstra Elly , van der Staay Franz Josef
Published: February 2019

The recent increases in stocking density, in extreme cases resulting in ‘crowding’, have a major impact on poultry welfare. In contrast to available research on adult laying hens, there is a gap in the literature studying the rearing phase. The present study investigated the effects of stocking density during the rearing period on the welfare of the laying hen chick. The chicks were housed under one of three crowding conditions, increasing with age: undercrowding (500-1000-1429 cm2 per chick), conventional crowding (167-333-500 cm2 per chick), or overcrowding (56-111-167 cm2 per chick). The parameters evaluated encompassed behavioral and physiological factors related to anxiety and stress. We found that during the first 6 weeks, overcrowded chicks displayed more anxious behavior than undercrowded chicks, and both extreme densities induced higher corticosterone levels compared to chicks housed under conventional crowding. At 10 weeks of age, plasma corticosterone had dropped to the level of conventional crowding group in both groups, whereas feather corticosterone remained high only in the overcrowded group. We conclude that current conventional stocking densities do not seem to impair the welfare state of the laying hen chick, and that a three-fold increase or decrease of density influences corticosterone levels and anxious behavior, but within the adaptive capacity of the chick. Important side notes to this conclusion are that an increase of stocking density did result in a slower rate of adaptation, and that there could be long-term consequences of both the different stocking densities and/or increased costs of adaptation.
In-Depth Exploration of Signal Self-Cancellation Phenomenon to Achieve DOA Estimation of Underwater Acoustic Sources
Authors: Wang Fang , Chen Yong , Wan Jianwei
Published: February 2019

In the ocean environment, the minimum variance distortionless response beamformer usually has the problem of signal self-cancellation, that is, the acoustic signal of interest is erroneously suppressed as interference. By exploring the useful information behind the signal self-cancellation phenomenon, a high-precision direction estimation method for underwater acoustic sources is proposed. First, a pseudo spatial power spectrum is obtained by performing unit circle mapping on the beam response in the direction interval. Second, the online calculation process is given for reducing the computational complexity. The computer simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain satisfactory direction estimation accuracy under the conditions of low intensity of acoustic source, strong interference and noise, and less array snapshot data.
Nanopowder Fluidization Using the Combined Assisted Fluidization Techniques of Particle Mixing and Flow Pulsation
Authors: Ali Syed Sadiq , Basu Avijit , Alfadul Sulaiman M. , Asif Mohammad
Published: February 2019

In the present study, we report the fluidization behavior of ultrafine nanopowder using the assisted fluidization technique of particle mixing, which was further superimposed with the pulsation of the inlet gas flow to the fluidized bed. The powder selected in the present study was hydrophilic nanosilica, which shows strong agglomeration behavior leading to poor fluidization hydrodynamics. For particle mixing, small proportions of inert particles of Geldart group A classification were used. The inlet gas flow to the fluidized bed was pulsed with a square wave of frequency 0.1 Hz with the help of a solenoid valve controlled using the data acquisition system (DAQ). In addition to the gas flow rate to the fluidized bed, pressure transients were carefully monitored using sensitive pressure transducers connected to the DAQ. Our results indicate a substantial reduction in the effective agglomerate size as a result of the simultaneous implementation of the assisted fluidization techniques of particle mixing and flow pulsation.
Topological Qubits as Carriers of Quantum Information in Optics
Authors: Jaeger Gregg , Simon David S. , Sergienko Alexander V.
Published: February 2019

Winding number is a topologically significant quantity that has found valuable applications in various areas of mathematical physics. Here, topological qubits are shown capable of formation from winding number superpositions and so of being used in the communication of quantum information in linear optical systems, the most common realm for quantum communication. In particular, it is shown that winding number qubits appear in several aspects of such systems, including quantum electromagnetic states of spin, momentum, orbital angular momentum, polarization of beams of particles propagating in free-space, optical fiber, beam splitters, and optical multiports.
New Insights into the Symbiotic Relationship between Orchids and Fungi
Authors: Yeh Chuan-Ming , Chung KwiMi , Liang Chieh-Kai , Tsai Wen-Chieh
Published: February 2019

Mycorrhizas play an important role in plant growth and development. In mycorrhizal symbioses, fungi supply soil mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, to their host plants in exchange for carbon resources. Plants gain as much as 80% of mineral nutrient requirements from mycorrhizal fungi, which form associations with the roots of over 90% of all plant species. Orchid seeds lack endosperms and contain very limited storage reserves. Therefore, the symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi that form endomycorrhizas is essential for orchid seed germination and protocorm development under natural conditions. The rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing contributes to identifying the orchid and fungal genes involved in the orchid mycorrhizal symbiosis and unraveling the molecular mechanisms regulating the symbiosis. We aim to update and summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms on orchid-fungus symbiosis, and the main focus will be on the nutrient exchange between orchids and their fungal partners.
Effect of Cell-Free Supernatant from Aeromonas sobria on the Spoilage of Shewanella putrefaciens in Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with the Influence of Temperature Fluctuation
Authors: Ye Jing-Xin , Yang Sheng-Ping , Qian Yun-Fang , Xie Jing
Published: February 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cell-free supernatant (CFS) from Aeromonas sobria on the growth and spoilage potential of Shewanella putrefaciens in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during cold chain logistics, including transportation, retailing, and domestic storage. It was shown that the quality of shrimps deteriorated in the cold chain logistics over time. The temperature fluctuation during the experimental period favored the growth of S. putrefaciens, increased the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and biogenic amine value, and decreased the sensory quality of shrimps. The application of CFS resulted in the decline on the growth of S. putrefaciens after the early stationary phase stored at a cold condition. It is concluded that the application of CFS can inhibit microbial growth and the spoilage potential of S. putrefaciens and offset the quality deterioration of shrimp exposed to temperature fluctuation during cold chain logistics.