bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standard diagnostics with and without urine-based lipoarabinomannan testing for tuberculosis disease in HIV-infected patients in a high-burden setting–A cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Fekadu Ginenus , Wang Yingcheng , You Joyce H. S.
Published: July 2023

Background

Recent clinical findings reported the reduced mortality associated with treatment guided by sputum-based molecular test with urine-based lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assay for tuberculosis (TB) disease in HIV-infected individuals. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of sputum-based Xpert tests with and without urine-based LAM assays among HIV-infected individuals with signs and symptoms of TB disease (TBD) from the perspective of South African healthcare providers.

Methods

A one-year decision-analytic model was constructed to simulate TB-related outcomes of 7 strategies: Sputum smear microscope (SSM), Xpert, Xpert Ultra, Xpert with AlereLAM, Xpert Ultra with AlereLAM, Xpert with FujiLAM, and Xpert Ultra with FujiLAM, in a hypothetical cohort of adult HIV-infected individuals with signs and symptoms of TB. The model outcomes were TB-related direct medical cost, mortality, early treatment, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and incremental cost per DALY averted (ICER). The model inputs were retrieved from literature and public data. Base-case analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted.

Results

In the base-case analysis, the Xpert Ultra with FujiLAM strategy showed the highest incidence of early treatment (267.7 per 1000 tested) and lowest mortality (29.0 per 1000 tested), with ICER = 676.9 USD/DALY averted. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations showed the cost-effective probability of Xpert Ultra with FujiLAM was the highest of all 7 strategies at the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold >202USD/DALY averted.

Conclusion

Standard sputum-based TB diagnostic Xpert Ultra with urine-based FujiLAM for TBD testing in HIV-infected individuals appears to be the preferred cost-effective strategy from the perspective of the health service provider of South Africa.
Spatial variability of the Po River food web and its comparison with the Danube River food web
Authors: Patonai Katalin , Jordán Ferenc , Castaldelli Giuseppe , Congiu Leonardo , Gavioli Anna
Published: July 2023

Freshwater ecosystems are experiencing unprecedented pressure globally. To address environmental challenges, systematic and comparative studies on ecosystems are needed, though mostly lacking, especially for rivers. Here, we describe the food web of the Po River (as integrated from the white literature and monitoring data), describe the three river sections using network analysis, and compare our results with the previously compiled Danube River food web. The Po River food web was taxonomically aggregated in five consecutive steps (T1-T5) and it was also analyzed using the regular equivalence (REGE) algorithm to identify structurally similar nodes in the most aggregated T5 model. In total, the two river food webs shared 30 nodes. Two network metrics (normalized degree centrality [nDC]) and normalized betweenness centrality [nBC]) were compared using Mann-Whitney tests in the two rivers. On average, the Po River nodes have larger nDC values than in the Danube, meaning that neighboring connections are better mapped. Regarding nBC, there were no significant differences between the two rivers. Finally, based on both centrality indices, Carassius auratus is the most important node in the Po River food web, whereas phytoplankton and detritus are most important in the Danube River. Using network analysis and comparative methods, it is possible to draw attention to important trophic groups and knowledge gaps, which can guide future research. These simple models for the Po River food web can pave the way for more advanced models, supporting quantitative and predictive—as well as more functional—descriptions of ecosystems.
Keep calm and make GIFs: Communicating COVID-19 in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Halliday Matt
Published: July 2023

The early stages of the global COVID-19 pandemic threw into relief the communication skills of governments and their leaders. Aotearoa New Zealand was known for its exceptional communication response and elimination of the virus in this initial phase. Much of the praise was attributed to the communication skills of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern. However, this study focuses on the work of Siouxsie Wiles and Toby Morris, a science communication collaboration that aided public understanding in Aotearoa New Zealand and around the world. In March 2020, during the initial wave of COVID-19, microbiologist and science communicator Dr Siouxsie Wiles teamed up with cartoonist Toby Morris to help simplify her message and reach a wider audience. Work from their collaboration has been shared globally, translated into dozens of languages and used in press conferences by the prime minister of New Zealand. This case study uses a VUCA framework in a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with Morris and Wiles and the communications they produced. It asks what characteristics of this collaboration helped people navigate the global VUCA situation of COVID-19 and whether an appropriate counter-VUCA model exists for this communication context.
Variabilidad climática y su impacto económico y social en la Mixteca Alta de Oaxaca (1607-1795)
Authors: Córdova Aguilar Maira Cristina
Published: July 2023

Este artículo aborda el tema de la variabilidad climática en la Mixteca Alta durante los siglos XVII y XVIII. La región de estudio se encuentra ubicada en el actual estado de Oaxaca y fue sede de la alcaldía mayor de Teposcolula, una población muy importante para el comercio en Nueva España. Por medio de la revisión y consulta de diversos documentos de interés potencial para el estudio de la climatología histórica, se analizan solicitudes que se expidieron para suspender el pago de tributos, informes de los frailes, libros de cargo y data, además de otros expedientes, crónicas, referencias de gacetas que permiten observar, de forma minuciosa, los distintos episodios climáticos que estremecieron a la población e impactaron en la salud, economía y vida cotidiana de los habitantes de la jurisdicción. Para ilustrar de manera más puntual lo acontecido en este periodo, esta revisión aborda estudios de caso en la región y los vincula con lo que aconteció en otras latitudes. Finalmente, hay que destacar que el periodo de estudio se encuentra ubicado en dos capítulos severos de la Pequeña Edad del Hielo: mínimo de Maunder y mínimo de Dalton, que van de 1690 a 1810. Por tanto, el estudio de una región con importancia comercial permite demostrar de qué manera estos capítulos extremos incidieron en varios estratos de la sociedad y en el establecimiento de medidas preventivas y de estrategias por parte de las autoridades locales y virreinales para contrarrestar los efectos de los capítulos de la Pequeña Edad del Hielo en el sur del virreinato de Nueva España.
Lustre y patrimonio. La aportación femenina al linaje Cabanilles, condes de Casal (Siglos XV-XVII)
Authors: Felipo Orts Amparo
Published: July 2023

Este artículo se interesa por la contribución femenina a la conformación y consolidación del patrimonio material e inmaterial del linaje valenciano de los Cabanilles -condes de Casal desde 1645- durante el periodo comprendido entre los siglos XV y XVII. A tal fin, partiendo de la incorporación a principios del cuatrocientos por Castellana Cabanilles de los señoríos de Alginet, Bolbaite y Benissanó, bases del patrimonio familiar, se profundiza tanto en la significación de las mujeres pertenecientes a la familia como de las que enlazaron con sus miembros. Ello permite desentrañar que no fueron pocas las esposas de los cabezas de linaje que, mediante la transmisión a sus hijos, ampliaron sus propiedades con posesiones de tal relevancia como el castillo de Benissanó o los señoríos de Alcántara, Benegida y el Ràfol, además de vínculos y otros legados. Tampoco faltaron las que con el prestigio de sus apellidos -Borja, Milà, Carroz o Vives de Cañamás- o de los títulos familiares -marqueses de Mirasol y de Centelles o condes de Almenara y Cocentaina- realzaron a la estirpe y extendieron sus lazos a destacadas familias nobiliarias. No menos se descuidó la estrategia matrimonial diseñada para quienes por nacimiento quedaron relegados a la condición de segundones, y muy especialmente para las hijas sobre las que prevaleció el interés de maridarlas con señores de lugares -Nàquera, Relleu, Bonrepós, Argelita y Beniparrell- o miembros de la nobleza titulada, como los marqueses de Benavites, Llansol y la Casta o de los condes de Almenara, Villanueva y Escalante. De esta manera, los ventajosos casamientos concertados a lo largo de dos siglos devinieron una aportación femenina trascendental al triple proceso de acrecentamiento de patrimonio, lustre y capital relacional de la Casa.
La Reina y las salesas: Un Escorial en la Corte. Bárbara de Braganza, la fundación del Monasterio de la Visitación y su establecimiento en la Monarquía de España
Authors: Burrieza Sánchez Javier
Published: July 2023

La reina Bárbara de Braganza escogió para la fundación que deseaba realizar en la Corte madrileña, con un sentido predilecto, una espiritualidad que había nacido en el siglo XVII, la centuria de oro de la espiritualidad francesa: se trataba de la Orden de la Visitación. En ella se desarrollaba un nuevo concepto de lo que era ser monja, todavía de clausura, aunque con la apertura a otros trabajos en la formación selecta de mujeres, con unas condiciones más adaptadas a la realidad femenina entre sus candidatas. Es la gran aportación fundacional y espiritual, en sus conceptos, de Francisco de Sales y Juana Francisca Frémyot de Chantal. Precisamente, las salesas fueron las que se encargaron de servir a estos deseos de la reina Bárbara, apoyada por su esposo, que terminarán en la construcción en Madrid de un magnífico monasterio, bien dotado en la misma Corte, que además servirá de sepultura a estos monarcas que morirán en 1758 y 1759, respectivamente y sin descendencia. Mujeres que disponían de una nueva realidad espiritual, llamadas a perpetuarse por la educación a niñas en el pensionado, algunas de estas últimas con una importante repercusión en las ideas de la Ilustración. Analizaremos lo que supuso esta nueva aportación religiosa, el proceso de establecimiento y fundación, los apoyos y oposiciones y su posterior desarrollo en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII con el gran conjunto monástico que hoy podemos contemplar –convertido actualmente en Tribunal Supremo e iglesia de Santa Bárbara desde 1870–. Todo ello disponiendo de los documentos del Archivo del Real Monasterio de la Visitación de Madrid, establecido hoy en una nueva ubicación.
Changes in the Composition of the Harvest in Three Polar Bear Subpopulations in the Western Canadian Arctic after the US Listing of the Polar Bear as a Threatened Species
Authors: Pearce Tristan , Fawcett David , Ford James
Published: July 2023

The 2008 United States (US) listing of the polar bear as a threatened species prohibits the importation of polar bear trophies into the US, significantly decreasing the number of Americans paying for guided polar bear hunts in Canada. We examined the numbers and composition of the harvest in three polar bear subpopulations—Northern Beaufort Sea, Southern Beaufort Sea, and Viscount Melville Sound—located in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region in the western Canadian Arctic in order to identify what happens when support for guided hunting is withdrawn. We find that there was no significant change in the number of polar bears harvested or in the sex composition of the harvest in the three subpopulations after the US listing. Over the 12-year study period, harvests in each subpopulation were always within the quota. The number of guided hunts decreased after the US listing, and the number of subsistence hunts increased in each subpopulation during this time. The number of bears harvested as a percentage of tags (hunting licenses to harvest one polar bear, the sum of which equals the annual quota) used was significantly higher in the Northern Beaufort Sea after the listing. This is because a tag issued for a guided hunt is considered used even if the hunt is unsuccessful, which is often the case, as hunters seek large male bears, whereas a tag issued for subsistence is re-issued until a successful harvest. We conclude that while the US listing and rapid decline in guided hunts did not affect the number of polar bears harvested, it did disrupt the Inuit cultural economy.
Performance of Climate Projections for Yukon and Adjacent Northwest Territories, 1991 – 2020
Authors: Schetselaar Astrid , Andersen Trevor , Burn Christopher R.
Published: July 2023

Permafrost foundation design recognizes the impact of climate change on soil bearing capacity, as described in Canadian guideline CSA PLUS 4011:19. There is, however, no guidance as to the climate scenarios most prudent to adopt for such design. We have compared climate change scenarios outlined in 2003 for the design of the proposed Mackenzie Gas Project (MGP) with climate data for 1991 – 2020 to determine the projections most representative of what did, in fact, occur. In Canada, the greatest change in climate during the last 50 years has been measured in the western Arctic, where fluctuations in annual air temperatures are regionally consistent. In this region, the rate of change in annual mean air temperature for 1971 – 2020 has ranged from 0.77 °C decade-1 at Inuvik, NT, to 0.30 °C decade-1 at Komakuk Beach, YT, with warming concentrated in winter. No statistically significant trends in total annual precipitation have been observed and these records are poorly correlated within the region. In 2003, 29 climate projections from seven global climate models were examined for the MGP and, in 2005, for research regarding forest fires in Yukon. The observed climate warming in Yukon and adjacent Northwest Territories during 1991 – 2020 was close to the upper projections for mean annual and winter air temperature. For example, at Inuvik the 2.3 °C increase observed in mean annual air temperature between 1961 – 90 and 1991 – 2020, exceeds the median projection for change by 2010 – 39 of +1.6 °C and approaches the upper value of +2.4 °C. No consistency between observed and projected precipitation has been determined. These results indicate that, when required, future projections of temperature in northwest Canada may prudently adopt higher or more extreme scenarios because they have been the most realistic to date. They imply that near-surface permafrost may soon become unsustainable in southern parts of the region and so site investi gations to locate thaw-stable soils will likely be cost effective for new projects.
Foreign Language Teachers’ Perceptions after Gamified Classroom Practice
Authors: Batlle Jaume , González Vicenta
Published: July 2023

This study examines the perceptions and beliefs of thirteen teachers of foreign languages who have received specialized training in gamification and have put it into practice in the classroom. Specifically, the study analyses the impact of gamification in the three years following its introduction into their teaching practices. To gain insights into teachers’ perspectives and attitudes towards gamification, thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted. The analysis of the interviews revealed that gamification is viewed by teachers as a motivating and collaborative strategy which can be challenging to implement in some courses but can be facilitated by certain key elements such as the use of narratives in the classroom. Additionally, teachers highlighted the need for more training in this new pedagogical strategy and the importance of collaborative planning of gamified experiences with colleagues. The value of this study lies in showing the impact of gamification on the perceptions of foreign language teachers in the medium term after its introduction into their classrooms.
Caracterización mecánica de mezclas de caucho natural y residuos de celulosa originados en la industria automotriz con enfoque en el sector del calzado
Authors: Arias-Jaramillo Maria Isabel , Santos José Renivaldo Dos , Paim Leonardo Lataro , Barrera-Torres Giovanni
Published: July 2023

Contexto: Esta publicación muestra un potencial uso para los residuos provenientes de la industria automotriz, en este caso residuos originados en el proceso de fabricación de empaques y sellos para motocicletas, que en la actualidad no tienen un uso final. Además, debido a la capa superficial de caucho de altas prestaciones, presentan un proceso de degradación extenso, lo cual constituye un factor perjudicial para el medio ambiente y contribuye al calentamiento global.
Método: Primero se realizó la trituración de los residuos, posteriormente su tamizado y selección por granulometría, y por último se realizó una mezcla con el caucho natural a través del masticado en cilindros abiertos para obtener el máster, que fue vulcanizado en un molde de suela para zapatos. El producto final fue caracterizado mecánicamente con las técnicas tensión-elongación, desgaste, dureza, flexión y rasgadura.
Resultados: La mezcla obtenida abre una ventana hacia el diseño de productos utilizando residuos de sellos y empaques para motor. Será posible diseñar otras propuestas para cauchos funcionalizados, orientados al desarrollo de aplicaciones de calzado ecológico.
Conclusiones: La mezcla de residuos de celulosa provenientes del sector de sellos para motor con caucho natural proyecta la reducción del impacto negativo generado por estos residuos y propone una economía circular, en este caso con el desarrollo de materia prima para el sector del calzado.
El problema de localización y ruteo con múltiples objetivos: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Cabrales-Navarro Paula Andrea , Arias-Osorio Javier Eduardo , Camacho-Pinto Julio Cesar
Published: July 2023

Contexto: El problema de localización y ruteo constituye una de las principales temáticas en el área de logística e investigación de operaciones con un enfoque hacia la minimización de los costos totales del sistema. Sin embargo, en la gestión de la cadena de suministro, que actualmente presenta una tendencia hacia la sostenibilidad, la mayoría de las decisiones involucra la optimización simultánea de diversos objetivos, incluyendo perspectivas económicas, sociales y ambientales, de lo cual surge el problema de localización y ruteo con múltiples objetivos.
Método: Se realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre el problema de localización y ruteo con múltiples objetivos, consultando las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. De acuerdo con unos criterios de selección específicos, se identifican 99 artículos científicos asociados a la temática durante el periodo comprendido entre 1989 y 2022, los cuales se clasifican según el tipo de aplicación.
Resultados: Se describen las características más importantes para cada una de las aplicaciones del problema de localización y ruteo con múltiples objetivos en la literatura y se realiza una revisión de las investigaciones según sus objetivos de estudio y métodos de solución, para finalmente identificar las oportunidades de investigación principales.
Conclusiones: En primer lugar, la mayoría de los estudios sobre el problema de localización y ruteo multiobjetivo han estudiado la gestión de residuos, la distribución de elementos de socorro, los productos perecederos, el problema de localización y ruteo verde, la cadena de frío y la distribución de bebidas. El objetivo de optimización de mayor implementación es la minimización de costos, combinado con otros objetivos: minimización de riesgos, impactos ambientales, minimización de tiempo, maximización de la satisfacción del cliente, balance de carga de trabajo y confiabilidad rutas. Por otra parte, se aplican métodos exactos y aproximados multiobjetivo para dar solución al problema, siendo los algoritmos evolutivos los más usados para modelos de mayor complejidad. Finalmente, las investigaciones actuales están orientadas al desarrollo de modelos bajo condiciones de incertidumbre y estocásticos, múltiples periodos, ventanas de tiempo, múltiples escalones y flota heterogénea.
Determination of molecular mechanisms of development and course of experimental diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats
Authors: Ivanenko T. V.
Published: July 2023

The development and progression of diabetes involves several molecular mechanisms, in particular: insulin resistance, dysfunction of beta cells, inflammatory processes. These mechanisms can disrupt insulin signaling pathways, contribute to beta-cell apoptosis, and are not necessarily dependent on the intervention of cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, genetics play a role, as some forms of diabetes are caused by genetic mutations affecting insulin production or sensitivity. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of diabetes are complex and encompass various aspects of the body’s physiology and biochemistry. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective methods for treating and preventing diabetes.
The aim of the work is analysis of the expression of genes, related to diabetes in pancreatic tissue samples of Wistar rats.
Materials and methods. The polymerase chain reaction method with real-time reverse transcription was used to analyze gene expression using the RTI Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes kit (QIAGEN, Germany), where the pancreas was the object of research in experimental animals.
Results. RTI Profiler™ PCR Array Rat Diabetes profiles the expression of 84 genes, associated with the onset, development, and progression of diabetes. The panel contains genes that contribute to obesity, insulin resistance, early-onset diabetes, and its late complications. These genes are represented by functional categories: receptors, transporters, and channels; nuclear receptors; metabolic enzymes; secretion factors; signal transduction proteins; transcription factors.
According to the PCR results of the study of the control group of animals and animals with experimental diabetes, we established the activity of the Nkx2-1 genes; Pik3r1; Slc14a2 with high expression compared to control animals.
Conclusions. The Nkx2-1 gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes, as evidenced by its high expression activity compared to the control group of animals. Additionally, the Pik3r1 protein shows elevated expression levels in the group of animals with experimental diabetes. These changes are believed to be part of a compensatory mechanism aimed at preserving the cellular function of the pancreatic endocrine system. Furthermore, the observed increase in Slc14a2 protein expression likely indicates the onset of late complications associated with kidney pathology in the course of diabetes.
Uniwersytet w imadle rankingów
Authors: Brzeziński Jerzy Marian
Published: July 2023

The author of the article focuses on a critical assessment of university rankings existing in general, not only in academic, space. Three different rankings with an international reach: (1) The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) also known as the Shanghai Ranking, (2) Times Higher Education World University Rankings (THE), (3) CWTS Leiden Ranking and one Polish ranking: The Perspektywy University Ranking have been subjected to a detailed critical evaluation. The main objection raised against the discussed international rankings is disregarding by them scientific works published in national languages of the authors. This decision of rankings’ creators is particularly detrimental to universities with scientifically strong faculties in the field of humanities and social sciences. The fact that monographs are ignored is difficult to comprehend (e.g. CWTS Leiden Ranking). Moreover, favouring publications in two journals: “Science” and “Nature” as well as the Nobel Prize and the Fields Medal (mathematics) has no deeper justification. The author calls for recognition of monographs and also academic textbooks which shape the culture of university. The percentage proportion of particular criteria in the total assessment leading to ranking results – which, in fact, boils down to marginalising scientific achievements of representatives of humanities and, partly, social sciences – raises the author’s reservations. Finally, if we look at our Polish local “backyard” where universities were fragmented after the Second World War and rebuilt according to the Soviet model of higher education with smaller higher education entities of a narrower profile (medical, agricultural, economic, sports) functioning alongside standard universities which had been stripped of these sections, we will notice that these classic, “full” universities have no chance of competing for a scientifically decent position in world rankings.
Building element recognition with MTL-AINet considering view perspectives
Authors: Zhang Rongchun , Jing Meiru , Lu Guanming , Yi Xuefeng , Shi Shang , Huang Yi , Liu Lanfa
Published: July 2023

The reconstruction and analysis of building models are crucial for the construction of smart cities. A refined building model can provide a reliable data support for data analysis and intelligent management of smart cities. The colors, textures, and geometric forms of building elements, such as building outlines, doors, windows, roof skylights, roof ridges, and advertisements, are diverse; therefore, it is challenging to accurately identify the various details of buildings. This article proposes the Multi-Task Learning AINet method that considers features such as color, texture, direction, and roll angle for building element recognition. The AINet is used as the basis function; the semantic projection map of color and texture, and direction and roll angle is used for multi-task learning, and the complex building facade is divided into similar semantic patches. Thereafter, the multi-semantic features are combined using hierarchical clustering with a region adjacency graph and the nearest neighbor graph to achieve an accurate recognition of building elements. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a higher accuracy for building detailed edges and can accurately extract detailed elements.
hsa_circ_0000285 sponging miR-582-3p promotes neuroblastoma progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Du Jun , Zhuo Yingquan , Sun Xu , Nie Meilan , Yang Jiafei , Luo Xi , Gu Huajian
Published: July 2023

Circular RNA has been reported to play a key role in neuroblastoma (NB); however, the role of circ_0000285 in NB remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of circ_0000285 in NB. We studied the expression patterns of miR-582-3p and circ_0000285 in NB tissues and cells using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of proteins associated with apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2) and the proteins associated with Wnt/β-catenin (Wnt, p-Gsk-3β, Gsk-3β, β-catenin, and C-myc) were quantified by western blotting. In vivo animal models were prepared for the functional verification of circ_0000285 on tumor growth. The potential binding of circ_0000285 to miR-582-3p was ascertained using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation experiments. Noticeable upregulation of circ_0000285 expression was observed in NB tumor samples and cell lines. In vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that the absence of circ_0000285 repressed NB cell proliferation and migration, provoked apoptosis, and impaired the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. miR-582-3p is targeted by circ_0000285 and is poorly expressed in NB cells. The additional repression of miR-582-3p in NB cells after circ_0000285 silencing largely recovered circ_0000285 silencing-suppressed NB cell proliferation and migration and enhanced apoptosis. The absence of miR-582-3p restored Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity impaired by the knockdown of circ_0000285. circ_0000285 functions as an miR-582-3p sponge to strengthen Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity, thus exacerbating NB development.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-amino-N′-((3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide – dimethylformamide – water (1/1/2), C15H16N4O3·C3H7NO·2H2O
Authors: Wang Xue , Han Jie , Zheng Jing , Yuan Xiao-Jing , Xiong Ying
Published: July 2023

C18H27N5O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.6588(12) Å, b = 7.0645(6) Å, c = 25.700(3) Å, β = 94.899(3)°, V = 2109.0(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0630, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1632, T = 273 K.
Crystal structure of 10-methoxy-7,11b,12,13-tetrahydro-6H-pyrazino [2′,3′:5,6]pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinoline, C15H16N4O
Authors: Wang Zi Wei , Yu Yu
Published: July 2023

C15H16N4O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.3021(8) Å, b = 15.7835(13) Å, c = 8.3052(7) Å, β = 

90.894

(
7
)

∘

$90.894{\left(7\right)}^{\circ }$

, V = 1350.29(19)
Scopus-Based Study of Sustainability in the Syrian Higher Education Focusing on the Largest University
Authors: Al-Raeei Marwan
Published: July 2023

Achieving an effective sustainable developmental policy is considered a primary goal in a large number of institutions around the world. The application of this policy in universities is reflected throughout the country, especially in developing and low-income countries. This research aims to analyse the sustainability policies adopted at Damascus University during the past 5 years of the Syrian crisis through several factors, with a focus on the analysis based on the SciVal and Scopus databases. We consider Damascus University as an example of an institution of a developing country. We use the method of extracting and analysing the data of the 16 sustainable development goals (SDGs) of Damascus University within Scopus. Based on Scopus and SciVal data, we find that Damascus University made a significant leap in the number of its research related to sustainable development in the year 2022, as these research studies constituted 46.0% of all published, abstracted, and indexed research studies in Scopus by Damascus University researchers. Also, by analysing the citation data which the SDG documents have received, we find that the citations resulted from these documents represent about 53% of the total citation of the university during the same time.
From (semi-)oppositional to non-oppositional middles: the case of Spanishreír(se)
Authors: de Benito Moreno Carlota
Published: July 2023

This paper seeks to explore the possibility that Spanish intransitive verbs showing middle marking with no associated change of valency are a source of non-oppositional middle verbs. In order to do so, a study is conducted of the historical evolution of the middle-marked Spanish verbreír(se)‘to laugh’ as well as other semantically related verbs (such asalegrar(se)‘to be happy, pleased’,regocijarse‘to rejoice’ andburlar(se),mofar(se),escarnecer(se)‘to mock, to ridicule, to make fun of’), where the presence of the middle marker is associated with a valency-reducing diathesis.
Middle voice in Bantu: in- and detransitivizing morphology in Kagulu
Authors: Dom Sebastian , Bar-el Leora , Kanijo Ponsiano Sawaka , Petzell Malin
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the middle voice in Kagulu, a Bantu language of Tanzania. Although not traditionally recognized in Bantu languages, recent research has asserted that middle voice is attested in some Bantu languages. We propose that of eight affixes that might be considered middle markers, Kagulu has two affixes that are part of the middle voice system, each one coding two different detransitivizing voices. We argue that, from a diachronic viewpoint, the underdeveloped voice syncretism of Kagulu’s middle markers is the result of competing morphology and minimal functional innovations towards voice syncretism in the derivational system of Kagulu.
Evidence against unidirectionality in the emergence of middle voice systems
Authors: Inglese Guglielmo , Verstraete Jean-Christophe
Published: July 2023

Middle voice systems are characterized by the distribution of a middle marker over two macro-classes of verbs: oppositional and non-oppositional verbs. In diachronic studies, it has been proposed that the historical link between the two groups is unidirectional, with middle marking spreading from oppositional to non-oppositional verbs. In this paper, we challenge this assumption and discuss two case studies, one from Anatolian and one from Paman languages that show the opposite development, that is, from non-oppositional to oppositional. In both cases, we argue, constructions that originally had a lexically determined distribution develop grammatical functions connected with valency reduction.
Second-Century CE Lexicography: Genre or a Literary Current of Language, Politics, and Social Dynamics?
Authors: Bozia Eleni
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses Greek and Latin lexicography and its literary and socio-cultural manifestations during the second century CE. I argue that Imperial lexicography had an actualized social existence that went beyond the recording of lemmata. More specifically, I maintain that lexicographers used their works not only as technical records and manuals but to legitimize (or not) linguistic forms alongside social phenomena. Additionally, other authors of the High Empire modulated the essence of linguistic idiosyncrasies and incorporated them into literary genres beyond lexica; they thus considered issues of identity and belonging against the backdrop of lexical propriety. This contribution closely studies Moeris and Phrynichus as well as Lucian and Aulus Gellius to show how lexicography transcended literary genre to become a modus dicendi vivendique.
Claretus And the City: The

Glossarius, Its Latin Neologisms and Its Reception in Municipal Administrative Texts
Authors: Nývlt Pavel
Published: July 2023

The influence of Medieval Latin dictionaries on other genres of Medieval Latin literature was limited by two factors: their tendency to preserve ancient hapaxes that appeared nowhere else, and their creativity, resulting in the formation of words no other writer used. A prime example of the latter attitude are the poems written by a 14th-century Czech lexicographer known as Claretus. After a brief outline of the structure of his last and longest versed dictionary, the Glossarius, Claretus’ knack for word-formation is illustrated by several hundred nouns denoting activities, actions, and persons with selected suffixes. Documents created by municipal administration in the 14th and 15th centuries also contain a goodly number of neologisms, even hapax legomena, and verbal overlaps alone are by no means sufficient to prove their authors were acquainted with Claretus’ poems. Nevertheless, I argue that Claretus’ influence is detectable in a handful of administrative texts from medieval Bohemia.
Effect of ethanol and sodium chloride on the physio-chemical properties of Montelukast sodium and its interaction with DNA
Authors: Khan Abbas , Shahid Kashif , Khan Sumayya , Humayun Muhammad , Bououdina Mohamed , Rehman Noor , Sultana Sabiha , Munawar Khurram Shahzad
Published: July 2023

In drug development, it is very important to study the physicochemical properties of drugs under various solution conditions in order to understand their mechanism of action and their interactions with bioactive compounds. In this regard, this study attempts to elucidate the effects of co-solvent and co-solute on the physicochemical properties of Montelukast sodium and its possible interactions with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The physicochemical, volumetric and thermodynamic properties of Montelukast sodium were determined by various measurements such as density, viscosity and surface tension. Most of these measured parameters responded differently when ethanol (co-solvent) and sodium chloride (co-solvent) were added to the drug solution, and/or when the concentration and temperature of the drug solution were changed. Various solution properties such as flow behavior, surface activity and association behavior of Montelukast sodium were also affected by the addition of DNA. UV–Vis spectroscopy was also used to better understand the qualitative and quantitative strength of DNA-drug interactions in water. Using UV–Visible analysis, the Montelukast DNA binding constant (Kb) was determined to be 6.861 × 103 (L Mol−1). Physicochemical and spectroscopic results confirmed that there may be physicochemical type interactions between the drug and DNA. It is also proposed that hydrogen bonding can occur between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms of the Montelukast sodium and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the DNA molecule.
Short-Term Effects of Square Stepping Exercise on Cognitive and Social Functions in Sedentary Older Adults: A Home-Based Online Trial
Authors: Gan Su Ren , Low Kimmy , Okura Tomohiro , Kawabata Masato
Published: July 2023

Background: The Square Stepping Exercise (SSE) is an exercise training program integrating physical exercise and cognitive components. The potential of SSE in deferring cognitive decline in older adults is encouraging. However, the coronavirus pandemic has made it harder for older adults worldwide to exercise together in person. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of a home-based online SSE trial on cognitive and social functions in sedentary older adults. Methods: A sample of 24 older adults (2 men, 22 women) took part in the current study. Seven participants (2 men, 5 women) completed home-based online SSE sessions under tighter safety regulations, whereas other 17 women attended SSE sessions in person when group exercise with more than 5 people were permitted. To investigate the effects of the online SSE on cognitive and social functions compared to the in-person SSE, 2 times (pre vs. post) × 2 groups (online vs. in-person) mixed ANOVAs were conducted with classic and robust statistical methods on the scores of the Trail Making Test (TMT), the subscale scores of the Physical Activity Group Environment Questionnaire, and the score of the Subjective Vitality Scale. Results: The interaction between time and groups was significant on the TMT-B to TMT-A (B/A) ratio score (p = .049) and the subscale scores of Individuals Attractions to the Group‒Task (p = .034) and ‒Social (p = .037). The B/A ratio score is an indicator of executive control function. The online SSE group’s ratio score slightly decreased over the sessions, whereas the ratio score significantly increased in the in-person group. As for group cohesion, participants’ involvements with the group task and social interaction with their group were enhanced in the online SSE group over the sessions, compared to the in-person SSE group. Conclusions: In this study, SSE was carried out online for a short-term and found to be successful to enhance executive function and group cohesion in sedentary older adults. Considering the coronavirus pandemic circumstances, it is valuable to examine the long-term effects of the online SSE in older adults in future research.
Analysis of Volleyball Service Learning Outcomes Through Inclusive Teaching Style
Authors: Telaumbanua Yitiman , Helmi Boby , Aditya Rinaldi , Sihombing Hardodi , Nugroho Agung
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the improvement of volleyball bottom service learning outcomes for students of class XI MIPA II SMA Yayasan Pendidikan Mulia in the 2022/2023 academic year, through the application of inclusive teaching styles. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research. The research was carried out in one cycle, which consisted of planning, implementing actions, observing and reflecting. To obtain data in this study, a learning outcome test was conducted at the end of the cycle in the form of an application for the lower service technique assessment. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptively based on qualitative analysis with percentages. The results of the study conclude: (1) from the first cycle of learning outcomes tests obtained as many as 22 students with scores after being converted (88%) have reached the level of mastery learning , while 3 students (12%) have not reached the level of complete learning. With the average value of overall learning outcomes is 75.92. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be said that the application of inclusive teaching styles can improve the process of lower service learning outcomes for students of Class XI MIPA II SMA Yayasan Pendidikan Mulia in the Academic Year 2022/2023.
The Relationship between Sex, Physical Activity and Body Mass Index in Thai Adult Working
Authors: Arsapakdee Kritchapol , Choosakul Chairat , Brady Wannaporn Sumranpat , Achariyacheevin Chirawut
Published: July 2023

Physical Activity (PA) is associated with improved Body mass index (BMI) indicates a ratio of body weight to squared height, which is a useful health indicator. So, the objectives of this to analyze the relationship between sex with physical activity and body mass index. Thai adult working from Maha Sarakham Province University, aged 25 years and older, both males and females. The sample group consisted of 400 personnel by a sampling procedure, following Krejci And Morgan’s Sample Size Determination Table. The findings relationship between sex with physical activity. The analysis found that r = -.032 and p-value = .518, sex with body mass index found that r = -.016 and p-value = .756 and physical activity with body mass index found that r = -.076 and p-value = .128 which is higher than .05. This indicates that there is a no significant weak relationship between sex with physical activity, sex with body mass index,  among Thai Adult Working. In other words, as physical activit increased, the level of  body mass index should also decrease.
A Study on the Construction of Virtual Simulation Experiments for Basketball Projects
Authors: Wang Teng Fei , Wang Xiao Zan , Guo Ming Ming
Published: July 2023

Background: Virtual simulation experiments, as a new teaching method and approach, have gradually been introduced into higher education and received recognition from a large number of education professionals. Considering the successful application of virtual simulation experiments in other disciplines, this study aims to employ virtual simulation technology to construct a virtual simulation experiment for basketball projects, with the goal of promoting the application of virtual simulation technology in sports and health education.

Methods: The main research methods employed in this study include expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and software development approaches. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 230 students from six universities, and interviews were conducted with 15 relevant individuals. The demands and requirements of university teachers and students regarding virtual simulation experiments for basketball projects were summarized and refined. The experiment was developed using 3D Studio MAX and Maya as modeling tools. Finally, all aspects of this research were completed through functional validation and application effectiveness evaluation.

Results: In the survey stage of needs assessment, a total of 230 questionnaires were collected from six universities. Among them, 63.63% of students claimed to have a relatively good understanding of virtual simulation experiments, 78% of students considered virtual simulation experiments to be of significant importance in teaching, and 84.71% of students regarded this teaching method as relatively relaxed. The development process involved the development of six modules, and after the completion of each module, Unity 3 was used for integration, resulting in the completion of the experiment. Subsequently, functional validation of the virtual simulation was conducted, achieving a 100% pass rate in the testing of various scenarios. An effectiveness evaluation questionnaire was utilized, and the scores from the six dimensions and 20 indicators ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 5, indicating that university students generally recognized and were satisfied with various aspects of virtual simulation experiments.

Conclusion: The construction and application of virtual simulation experiments in China are still in the initial stages, primarily focusing on theoretical research. The virtual simulation experiments were categorized into six sections: basic theoretical learning, technical and tactical application, physical fitness, presentation and competition, rules and refereeing, and observation and evaluation. Various test scenarios were established to assess the interface, performance, and functionality, and both functional validation and application effectiveness evaluation questionnaires yielded positive results. These findings strongly support the assertion that the virtual simulation experiment constructed in this study can serve as an effective supplementary tool for basketball teaching in universities.
The Influences of Self-Efficacy on Intrinsic Motivation Among Woodball Players in Malaysia
Authors: Haidir Mohd Yazid Mohamed , Samsudin Shamsulariffin , Ismail Suhairi , Abdullah Borhanuddin , Yakoob Sam Shor Nahar , Farizan Noor Hamzani
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the level of Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation among woodball players in Malaysia. This study also determined the difference between Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation, investigated relationship between Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation and looked at the influence of Self-Efficacy on Motivation among woodball players in Malaysia according to gender. The study sample consisted of 177 woodball players in Malaysia (male=106, female=71) who participated in the Penang Open Woodball Championship 2023 (National Woodball Circuit 1) were randomly selected. Instrument used to measure Self-Efficacy is Athlete Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES) while Intrinsic Motivation uses the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS-28) through the distribution of questionnaires. Research analysis involves descriptive and inferential statistics using t-test, and linear regression using SPSS software. Results of the study show that there is no significant difference between male and female players regarding Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation. Self-Efficacy does not have a positive relationship with Intrinsic Motivation among male woodball players in Malaysia. For female players, the study shows that there are two dimensions namely Professional Thinking Efficacy (r=-2.152, p<0.05) and Personality Efficacy dimension (r=3.235, p<0.05) have a significant relationship while the other two dimensions do not have a positive relationship with Motivation Intrinsic. Overall, this study shows that all the dimensions found in Intrinsic Motivation namely To Know, To Accomplish and To Stimulating Experience are factors that affect Self-Efficacy among Malaysian woodball players. The results of this study provide information to the woodball sports development department to increase the Self-Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation of woodball players.
The Influence of Physical Activity on Academic Performance Among Students-Athletes: A Case in a Secondary Public School
Authors: Amin Najihah binti Mohd , Mohamed Mawarni Binti , Mohamed Ani Mazlina Dewi
Published: July 2023

It is a common expectation that bookworm students can perform well and contribute more towards enhancement in academic performance instead of physically active student or best known as sport students. Thus, this study seeks to measure the level of physical activity and explore academic achievement, as well as to examine if there is a relationship between physically active students and academic achievement among student-athletes in a public secondary school in Kedah. Survey method was employed using a set of questionnaires. Purposive sampling method was used to gather information from 22 selected students-athletes involving 8 classes from various sports backgrounds. Results indicated that the associations of physical activity and fitness with cognitive function are relatively few but generally showed a positive association between physical activity and cognitive function of students.