bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT USING ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN CLASSROOMS
Authors: Taemthong Wannawit
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to investigate how indoor air quality might be improved by installing particular ornamental plants available in Thailand. Traditionally, ventilation fans have been used to encourage fresh air into living areas in order to reduce CO2 levels. This consumes more energy than using ornamental plants. Our research screens three types of ornamental plants and selects one to investigate its potential for enhancing indoor air quality by reducing carbon dioxide levels. The three plants are epipremnum aureum, spathiphyllum wallisei, and dieffenbachia sp. The propensity to reduce carbon dioxide levels of each plant was preliminary screened using a closed flux chamber method over a 24-hour period. It was found that epipremnum aureum had the ability to absorb carbon dioxide better than the others. The epipremnum aureum was then put in a classroom to investigate variables in two further experiments. The ability to improve air quality in terms of sensitivity to various light concentrations and the number of plants in the room are explored. It was found that epipremnum aureum should be placed within a distance of 1.5 meters from windows to achieve the appropriate light concentration to enhance indoor air quality. It was also found that 150 pots of epipremnum aureum had the propensity to reduce CO2 by 430 ppm in a classroom of 20 students for an 80-minute class. The use of sufficient amounts of epipremnum aureum can improve air quality in classrooms. A model to estimate numbers of such plants needed in classrooms is also presented.
EFFECT OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE, AIR ENTRAINING ADMIXTURE AND MAXIMUM AGGREGATE PARTICLE SIZE ON THE BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE UNDER FREEZE-THAW CYCLES
Authors: Tarhan Yeşim , Şahin Remzi
Published: June 2021

This article presents freeze-thaw (F/T) resistance of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA). RCA percentages of 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% were replaced by natural aggregate. Air entraining admixture (AEA) with three different ratios (0.06%, 0.13%, and 0.20%) were used and three different maximum aggregate particle sizes (dmax = 16 mm, 22.4 mm and 31.5 mm) were selected. F/T resistances of the concretes were determined through the measurement of scaling on the surfaces of the samples placed in 3% NaCl solution in pursuance of TS CEN/TS 12390-9. It was observed that the compressive strength of the concretes decreased by 20% on average compared to the control samples with the increase in the amount of RCA. However, it was determined from the experiments that the use of RCA increases the F/T resistances of the concretes as it provides extra voids in the concrete and decreases capillary permeability. Within the limits of this study, dmax = 22.4 mm, RCA = 45% and AEA = 0.13% are recommended as the optimum values for F/T resistance of the concrete. It is also recommended to use RCA in pavement applications including roadways, highways, parking facilities, and other non-structural concrete elements subjected to severe winter conditions.
A REVIEW OF PROTOCOLS AND GUIDELINES ADDRESSING THE EXPOSURE OF OCCUPANTS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD RADIATION (EMFR) IN BUILDINGS
Authors: Monadizadeh Shabnam , Kibert Charles J. , Li Jiaxuan , Woo Junghoon , Asutosh Ashish , Roostaie Samira , Kouhirostami Maryam
Published: June 2021

HIGHLIGHTS

A significant share of the technology that has emerged over the past several decades produces electromagnetic field (EMFR) radiation. Communications devices, household appliances, industrial equipment, and medical equipment and devices all produce EMFR with a variety of frequencies, strengths, and ranges. Some EMFR, such as Extremely Low Frequency (ELF), Radio Frequency (RF), and Ionizing Range (IR) radiation have been shown to have harmful effects on human health. Depending on the frequency and strength of the radiation, EMFR can have health effects at the cellular level as well as at brain, nervous, and cardiovascular levels. Health authorities have enacted regulations locally and globally to set critical values to limit the adverse effects of EMFR. By introducing a more comprehensive field of EMFR study and practice, architects and designers can design for a safer electromagnetic (EM) indoor environment, and, as building and construction specialists, will be able to monitor and reduce EM radiation. This paper identifies the nature of EMFR in the built environment, the various EMFR sources, and its human health effects. It addresses European and US regulations for EMFR in buildings and provides a preliminary action plan. The challenges of developing measurement protocols for the various EMFR frequency ranges and determining the effects of EMFR on building occupants are discussed. This paper argues that a mature method for measuring EMFR in building environments and linking these measurements to human health impacts will foster occupant health and lead to the adequate development of safeguards for occupants of buildings in future research.
Enabling Ideas for Inclusive Post-Pandemic Scenarios
Authors: Rossi Emilio
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered as the most severe medical threat of last decades, which forced billions of people to live in isolation and alienating conditions while millions have lost their lives. So far, the design interventions created to contrast the pandemic have been largely focused on the design of products for personal use (i.e. PPE), which however will not be very effective in the long run. In post-pandemic scenarios, designers will be asked to create new enabling solutions to foster socially inclusive and sustainable ‘new normalities’. These solutions will play a fundamental role in the transition toward future sustainable and inclusive living conditions. This paper proposes three inclusive-oriented design scenarios containing some promising design ideas conceived to enhance the social and sustainable qualities of living places and communities. Later, a number of promising testing grounds will be listed for immediate interventions in the postpandemic’s transition stages.
Covid-19's Impact on Society, Fashion Trends and Consumption
Authors: Santos Isadora , Seibel Silene , Silveira Icleia
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to reflect about opinions and reports about the Covid-19 impact on society and on the fashion industry from retail, luxury market professionals and consumer behavior researchers. The pandemic impacts are analyzed under the perspective of consumer behavior and the demand for connection and affection from the isolation caused by the pandemic. Within these two dimensions, four basic variables emerge to formulate reflections on the future and to visualize opportunities, external threats and the impact on the internal strengths and weaknesses of different luxury, mass and differentiation business. The analysis was formulated based on books, research on websites in the digital sphere that encompass different opinions involved in the fashion world, as well as recent trend studies. To meet new consumer demands, a brand needs to be present in the digital environment and connect to its consumers on an emotional level through its purpose, values and communication, by means of virtual and physical channels in a fluid, direct and transparent way. Small businesses may have a greater capacity to adapt to the new post-Covid-19 moment, due to the agility of responding to adversities.
Designing for the pandemic: individual and collective safety devices
Authors: Sierra Isabella de Souza , Catapan Márcio Fontana
Published: June 2021

The rapid spread of COVID-19 has generated a demand for health-related safety equipment. The development of these emergency products raises several questions, in particular the possible lack of concern for health, satisfaction, and safety of users in addition to the immediate safety against the COVID-19. Considering these issues, the objectives of this work are to categorize, identify trends, and propose strategic approaches to the development and alteration of individual and collective safety solutions for facing the pandemic. For that, we conducted a review and categorization of industrial design products developed during the pandemic using the database Behance. We found 171 developed products. Of these, we classified 99 as individual safety solutions, with the majority being masks and face shields, 59 as being collective safety solutions like disinfection booths, physical transparent separators, and sanitary dispensers. And 13 were solutions geared to hospital use such as hospital furniture, testing solutions, and medical safety procedures. From the analysis of these products, we noted four major themes: protection from the infection, isolation, and physical barriers for enabling safe interaction, disinfection, and testing that can be used as a strategic guideline for the development of new solutions for this context.
DESIS and Covid-19: It’s Time to Hit the Reset Button
Authors: Manzini Ezio , Cipolla (DESIS) Carla
Published: June 2021

DESIS-Design for Social Innovation and Sustainability is a network of design-led research labs based in universities around the world created to trigger and support social change towards sustainability. The network started in 2009, in the wave of social innovation that characterized that period: innovations emerging mainly from grassroots initiatives aiming to solve, in a collaborative way, problems that people had to face in mature industrial societies. It is not rhetorical to say that the context we were in when we started, seems a century ago. The tragedy of Covid-19 is, in fact, one of those events that force us to push on the reset button. Where, in this case, “resetting” means the need to adjust what we are doing, and how and why we do it, considering what the Covid19 crisis has taught us and could still teach us. The double special issue of SDRJ we are presenting here goes in this direction.
The Importance of Responsive Design in Times of Crisis
Authors: Srinivasan (WDO) Srini
Published: June 2021

In the span of a year, the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered our way of life. Reshaping our public spaces and daily routines, as well as the ways we communicate and connect with others, the crisis has also demonstrated design’s unique ability, as an industry, practice and product, to adapt and respond even in the most trying of times.The World Design Organization (WDO)® has watched with great pride as designers around the world, both within our community and outside of it, have stepped up to offer their skills and resources to develop impactful solutions. There have been a multitude of design innovations aimed at lessening the spread of COVID-19, easing the social and economic burden and safeguarding public health and safety. From tangible product innovations like Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), pop-up isolation units, ventilators and hands-free door openers to harnessing communication design to encourage behavioural changes.
The Key Factors of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the Malaysian Smart Manufacturing Context
Authors: Hamid Mohd Syaiful Rizal Abd , Masrom Nor Ratna , Mazlan Nur Athirah Binti
Published: June 2021

IR 4.0 is a new phase for the current trend of automation and data exchange in manufacturing industry that focuses on cloud computing, interconnectivity, the Internet of Things, machine learning, cyber physical learning and creating smart factory. The purpose of this article was to unveil the key factors of the IR 4.0 in Malaysian smart manufacturing context. Two key data collection methods were used: (1) primary data from the face-to-face interview (2) secondary data from the previous study. Significantly, five key factors of IR 4.0 consider for this study. Autonomous production lines, smart manufacturing practices, data challenge, process flexibility, and security. As a result, IR 4.0 for quality management practices might get high impact for the best performance assessment, which addressed in various ways; there are few studies in this area have been conducted in Malaysian manufacturing sector, and to recommend the best practices implemented from the managers’ perspectives. For scholars, this enhances their understanding and highlight opportunities for further research.
A Novel Framework Using Zero Shot Learning Technique for a Non-Factoid Question Answering System
Authors: Akila Devi T. R.  , Sathick K. Javubar , Khan A. Abdul Azeez , Raj L. Arun
Published: June 2021

Non-Factoid Question Answering (QA) is the next generation of textual QA systems, which gives passage level summaries for a natural language query, posted by the user. The main issue lies in the appropriateness of the generated summary. This paper proposes a framework for non-factoid QA system, which has three main components: (i) A deep neural network classifier, which produces sentence vector considering word correlation and context. (ii) Zero shot classifier that uses a multi-channel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), to extract knowledge from multiple sources in the knowledge accumulator. This output acts as a knowledge enhancer that strengthens the passage level summary. (iii) Summary generator that uses Maximal Marginal Relevance (MMR) algorithm, which computes similarity among the query related answer and the sentences from zero shot classifier. This model is applied on the datasets WikiPassageQA and ANTIQUE. The experimental analysis shows that this model gives comparatively better results for WikiPassageQA dataset.
Mobile Applications in China's Smart Cities
Authors: Zhang Bingqian , Peng Guochao , Xing Fei , Chen Si
Published: June 2021

Aligned with the global trend of smartness, China has invested heavily in over 700 smart city projects across over 500 cities. Hundreds of smart city apps, initiated by local authorities, have so emerged in the daily lives of Chinese citizens, but anecdotal evidence showed that these official apps have many problems and deficiencies. This study captures a snapshot of current development and problems of official smart city apps in China. A total of 333 such apps, together with 15754 comments, were collected, reviewed and analyzed. The results showed that China’s smart city apps fall into three application areas, i.e. smart transportation, smart healthcare, and smart livelihood, of which each provides some promising features and services. However, a range of functional, interface, design, usage and service-related problems were found in these apps. This paper concluded that further to the very efforts on infrastructure and hardware, local authorities in China and worldwide need to pay more attention to smart apps, in order to maximize potential return of their smart city investments.
Hemoglobin Disorders in Europe: A Systematic Effort of Identifying and Addressing Unmet Needs and Challenges by the Thalassemia International Federation
Authors: Angastiniotis Michael , Cannon Lily , Antoniou Eleni , Brunetta Angelo Loris , Constantinou George , Knoll Eva Maria , Loukopoulos Dimitris , Skafi Anton , Eleftheriou Androulla
Published: June 2021

Hemoglobin disorders (thalassemia and sickle cell disease) are a group of hereditary anemias that today occur across the world. The recent population movement has led to a steady increase of carriers and patients in all countries of the European Union. Requiring complex monitoring and treatment and, as a consequence, well-organized and nationally coordinated, supported and funded services, these lifelong conditions are now visible to healthcare services in the EU. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the current situation pertaining to these disorders, as perceived by the patient/parent community that the Thalassemia International Federation (TIF) represents. The aim is to establish a comprehensive understanding of the situation and unmet needs faced by migrants with thalassemia. The implementation of activities by TIF in 2018–2020 to identify and address these challenges, paves the way to increased awareness, education and policy changes building on international expertise and knowledge that will enable the provision of state-of-art clinical management services thus guaranteeing an improved quality of life. A bird’s eye view of the prevalence of these disorders is presented contributing to the further understanding of challenges met by both patients and healthcare professionals in the receipt and provision of quality healthcare respectively.
Alterations in Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Enteropathic Arthropathy
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Ramakrishna Balakrishnan Siddartha , Pugazhendhi Srinivasan , Devaraj Prabavathi , Goel Ruchika , Dutta Amit Kumar , Danda Debashish
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

Inflammatory arthritis or enteropathic arthropathy (EA) is a common extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine whether EA in patients with IBD was associated with changes in the gut microbiome.

Methods:

Consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) were prospectively recruited and characterized. Stool samples were collected and real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting 16S ribosomal RNA genes was used to quantitate specific communities of “beneficial”; (Clostridium coccoides, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli) or “aggressive” (Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae) bacterial flora. In 12 patients with UC and 12 with CD, fecal 16S ribosomal RNA gene was subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bacterial taxa were enumerated and compared between IBD patients with and without EA.

Results:

Sixty-eight patients with UC and 60 with CD were included in the study. Arthropathy was noted in 13 (21.6%) patients with CD and 11 (16.1%) patients with UC. Arthritis was peripheral in 12, axial in 7, and mixed in the rest. The most prevalent commensal bacteria in IBD patients were Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium. Enterobacteriaceae count was significantly higher in patients with UC than in CD. UC patients with EA had relatively higher Enterobacteriaceae and lesser C. coccoides than UC patients without EA. The NGS analyses showed a significant reduction in alpha diversity in patients with EA compared to IBD without EA. Patients with EA had significantly greater abundance of enterococci compared to IBD without EA.

Conclusions:

EA in IBD patients is characterized by gut microbiome changes including dysbiosis, reduction in alpha diversity, and increased abundance of enterococci.
Cytomegalovirus Ileitis in an Immunocompetent Individual
Authors: Iyer Venkatakrishnan Harihararaman
Published: June 2021

We report the case of a 48-year-old immunocompetent male who was diagnosed to have cytomegalovirus ileitis and was successfully treated with oral valganciclovir.
Alarming rates of psychological problems among caregivers of pediatric kidney patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Sharma Rajni , Kumar Krishan , Pilania Rakesh , Dawman Lesa , Kaur Navpreet , Sharma Rahul , Tiewsoh Karalanglin
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Caregivers of children with comorbidities suffer from various psychological problems. We envisage more such complications during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study to assess psychological issues in caregivers of children with kidney diseases, admitted during lockdown period in India was done. Psychological tools including Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI), Insomnia Severity Index, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS II), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and a new “COVID Stress Survey Questionnaire” were used. Standard statistical analysis using SPSS Statistic 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics, New York, United States) was done.

Results:

Forty-seven caregivers (33 mothers; 14 fathers) were included. Of these, 33 (70.2%) experienced psychological distress. On PANAS, 45 (95.7%) scored below cut off on a positive affect and 42 (89.4%) scored above cut off on a negative effect. The DASS II score revealed that 38 (80.9%) reported mild stress, 23 (48.9%) severe anxiety, and 37 (78.7%) had moderate depression. Upper middle socioeconomic status caregivers reported more insomnia. Further, parents of children with acute kidney injury (AKI) or prolonged hospital stay scored higher on subjective distress and aversive feelings.

Conclusion:

We observed an alarming level of distress, insomnia, and anxiety among caregivers, more so in upper middle socioeconomic status, children with AKI and prolonged hospital stay. We suggest due counseling should be done.
Initial retrocolic endoscopic tunnel approach
Authors: Gureh Monika , Gupta Sanjay , Attri Ashok K.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation for colonic cancers improves overall survival. To achieve better short term and oncological results, different laparoscopic techniques have been described for right-sided colonic cancers. Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy by the Initial Retrocolic Endoscopic Tunnel Approach (IRETA) is proposed to be easy and offer desired oncological resection; we present our results with IRETA.

Patients and Methods:

The data of all patients who underwent right hemicolectomy by IRETA for colonic cancer between January 2019 and March 2020 were retrospectively analysed for demographics, clinical features, oncological completeness of resected specimen, complications, hospital stay, morbidity and mortality.

Results:

A total of eight patients (05 males and 03 females) were identified. The mean operating time was 190 ± 32.40 minutes. Margins of all resected specimens were free of tumour except for one in which retro-peritoneal circumferential resection margin was positive. On average 13.75 ± 2.63 lymph nodes were retrieved. Except for wound infection in one patient, no other morbidity was seen.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy by IRETA is safe and gives desired oncological results.
The ‘nick’ or ‘clip’? A giant hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Mukherjee Ramanuj , Basu Shouptik
Published: June 2021

Right hepatic artery pseudoneurysm (HAPA) is a rare but potentially lethal complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Its incidence is as low as 0.6%–0.8% and usually presents within the first month following the surgery due to iatrogenic injury to the concerned artery. A high index of suspicion is essential since it may often be missed leading to a catastrophic outcome. Often a contrast-enhanced computer-aided tomography of the abdomen done as evaluation of postcholecystectomy state suggests a pseudoanerysm. We report a single case of a 27-year-old female who presented to us and deteriorated rapidly due to a ruptured right HAPA, with an acute abdomen and melena, who was surgically managed by exploration and excision of the pseudoaneurysmal sac due to unavailability of transarterial embolization. During surgery, the cystic artery metal clip was seen eroding in hepatic artery producing pseudoanerysm.
Supporting Efforts to Address Malnutrition in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Menon Purnima , de Wagt Arjan , Reddy Vignesh , Reddy Kartheek , Pandav Chandrakant Sambhaji , Avula Rasmi , Mathews Pratima , Kaur Supreet , Pawar Sameer , Ranjan Sujeet , Sharma Sahil , Sankar Rajan
Published: June 2021

India has been on a steady march to address malnutrition in the last decade. The nutrition community has worked on building consensus on key actions, implementation platforms were put in place and financing for nutrition slowly increased. Under the strong leadership of the Prime Minister, a revolutionary program to address malnutrition was launched in 2018. As actions under the mission accelerated, the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in early 2020. Affecting health systems, food systems, nutrition programs, social safety nets, and the economy, the pandemic has the potential to exacerbate the challenge of malnutrition in multiple ways. India can mitigate some of the possible ways in which COVID-19 will affect malnutrition but will require strong leadership and continued commitment, adaptation of the national nutrition mission, strengthening of the social safety net and innovative evidence-based data to take informed decisions, implement them and ensure feedback to take necessary corrective action. In this article, we outline some challenges and key areas for action. We conclude that India's nutrition journey is too important to be derailed by a crisis like COVID-19. This is a clarion call for the nutrition community in India to rally strongly to support continued attention to malnutrition in all its forms, to generate relevant evidence, and to support and engage all of society to urgently and adequately address malnutrition in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We have come too far to turn back now.
Comparison of religiosity and spirituality in patients of depression with and without suicidal attempts
Authors: Dua Devakshi , Padhy Susanta , Grover Sandeep
Published: June 2021

Aim:

This study is aimed to compare the religiosity and spirituality of patients with first-episode depression with suicidal ideation and those with recent suicidal attempts. Additional aim was compare the religiosity and spirituality of patients with first-episode depression with healthy controls.

Methods:

Patients of first episode depression with suicidal ideation and healthy controls were assessed by Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS), Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), Brief Religious coping scale (R-COPE), and Spiritual Attitude Inventory (SAI).

Results:

Patients with depression were divided into two groups based on the presence (n = 53) or absence (n = 62) of suicidal attempts in the previous 14 days. Both the patients with and without suicide attempts were matched for depression severity. Both the patient groups did not differ in terms of religiosity and spirituality as assessed using CRS and SAI. Both depression groups had lower scores on religiosity as compared to healthy controls as assessed on CRS. The two groups also had a lower score on the “sense of hope” which is a part of SAI, when compared to healthy controls. Compared to patients without suicide attempts (i.e., ideators group) and healthy controls, subjects with suicide attempts more often used negative religious coping. Total numbers of lifetime suicide attempts in the attempt group were associated with the ideology domain of the CRS.

Conclusion:

Compared with healthy controls, patients with depression have lower levels of religiosity and spirituality. In the presence of comparable severity of depression, higher use of negative religious coping is associated with suicide attempts.
Suita za mali orkester (1932) Demetrija Žebreta med »starimi« in »novimi« strukturnimi idiomi
Authors: Salmič Kovačič Karmen
Published: June 2021

Suita za mali orkester (1932) Demetrija Žebreta je edino orkestralno delo tega skladatelja, ki je nastalo v času študija pri Slavku Ostercu, prvo tehtnejše (večje) delo, ki je vredno obravnave in edinstveno delo v orkestralnem opusu po parodično-satirični vsebini. S predstavljeno analizo skladbe naj bi prek ločene obravnave posameznih strukturnih parametrov med seboj razločili »stare« kompozicijske idiome od »novih« z ozirom na kategorijo »umetniškega« ter v njej razbrali nastavke značilnosti kasnejših Žebretovih orkestralnih skladb. Med slednjimi so variacijskost (razvojnost) melodike in ritmike, inkongruentna metrika, vertikalna in horizontalna polimetrija, polnozvočna orkestracija, »nova« tonalnost, »nova« akordika, »nova« tekstura, enovitost motivično-tematske in siceršnje mnogoterosti ter mojstrstvo strukturiranja (napenjanja) daljših simfoničnih lokov.
Intellectual Magic: Tradition Infiltrated by Passion in the String Quartets of the English Composer Hugh Wood
Authors: O'Loughlin Niall
Published: June 2021

Throughout the history of music there has often been a conflict between the old and the new. This applies very much to the music of the English composer, Hugh Wood (b.1932). Studying history, and later composition with Anthony Milner, Iain Hamilton and Mátyás Seiber, he respectively gained from them beauty of music, especially melody, and a mastery of counterpoint; the technique of twelve-note serialism; and a varied and undogmatic approach to composition. This has been reflected in almost universal praise for his music from the critics. Of his five numbered string quartets, the first, fourth and fifth are cast in separate movements, while the second and third play continuously in a large number of linked sections. Quartets Nos.1, 4 and 5 have short separate movements which ostensibly employ traditional forms, ternary, rondo, sonata, scherzo and trio, but in practice give little indication of this because of the vivid but terse ideas and the subtlety of motivic connections that arise from the use of extensive melodic fragments given at the very beginning of each work. The Quartets Nos. 2 and 3 are superficially different in technique, but here Wood groups his numerous sections (39 for No.2 and 24 for No.3) to suggest traditional forms. Again this is deceptive as there is dramatic argument at a detailed level which disguises any obvious connection with these traditional forms. The overall effect is one of drama, enhanced by a strong feeling for the progress of the music. The composer has retained some vestiges of traditional form and other techniques in his music, but at the same time has at all stages enlivened his thematic material with vividness, imagination and a strong sense of musical drama coupled with a strong motivic network. This is the intellectual magic that marks out these quartets as very special.
Über Musik als Wirklichkeit
Authors: Feil Arnold
Published: June 2021

Über Musik als Wirklichkeit
Dve pismi Franca Šturma
Authors: Bedina Katarina
Published: June 2021

V prispevku, za življenjski jubilej profesorice Marije Bergamo, objavljamo dve pismi skladatelja Franca Šturma (1912–1943) slovenski pianistki Nedi Kozina, s katero se je spoprijateljil v Pragi, kjer sta oba študirala. Nanašata se na njun načrt, da bi organizirala koncert modernih čeških in slovenskih skladb v Mariboru. Tam je nekaj časa bivala naša pianistka, njun skupni češki prijatelj, pianist in skladatelj Karel Reiner je pomagal priskrbeti note čeških skladateljev. Prvo pismo štejemo kot dokument, na kako boren način je v Maribor prihajala tik pred drugo svetovno vojno sodobna misel v glasbi. Objavo drugega pisma utemeljuje malo znani Šturmov prispevek o glasbi kot socialnem dejavniku (Sodobnost, 1935). Sociologija (skupaj z estetiko) glasbe sodi v filozofsko disciplino. Beseda o njiju zaokroža bežen pogled v tradicijo teh predmetov na Oddelku za muzikologijo Filozofske fakultete v Ljubljani.
A Fragment on the Emotion, “Mathesis” and Time Dimension of the Purely Musical. Marginalia with Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun by Claude Debussy
Authors: Popović Mladjenović Tijana
Published: June 2021

In the dialogue What Is Music? between Carl Dahlhaus and Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht, music is defined as a “mathematized emotion” or an “emotionalized ‘mathesis’”. As emphasized by Marija Bergamo, this is the way of underlining its equal and unavoidable constitution, based on emotion and rational organization in the time dimension. So, Marija Bergamo is continuously searching for those music determinants in a musical work as an “autonomous aesthetic fact”, whose base and real essence lie “within the nature and essence of music itself”. In other words, the starting point of the author’s concern with (art) music is her reflection on that which is “purely musical”, that is, on “the very nature of the musical”.The attempts to determine what the purely musical is and to understand the nature of the sense and inevitability of man’s musical dimension have been made since the beginnings of music and musical thinking. In that context, more recent knowledge and thinking about the phenomenon of music, which are derived from various disciplines, correspond closely to Marija Bergamo’s views. In a narrower sense, the notion of purely musical is closely related to aesthetic autonomy, that is, autonomous music or musical autonomy. From such a viewpoint – and in conformity with Marija Bergamo’s view – I would say that the purely musical in an art music work exists independently of non/autonomy (that is, independently of any function, except an aesthetic one), as well as independently of the origin of its content (musical or extra-musical), and that it always, whenever “one thinks in the sense of music and is seized by it” (in terms of emotion, mathesis and time), creates, brings and possesses its specific (non-conceptual perceptive) musical-semantic stratum. This is shown, at least partly, on a characteristic and (in many respects) paradigmatic example – the music of Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun by Claude Debussy. Therefore, rationalism of the magic inspiration of music (and/or: in music; by music; and possibly /by music/ about music), as a “mathematized emotion” or “emotionalized mathesis” in the time dimension, makes it – in a purely musical sense, based on purely musical logic – a unique form of non-conceptual cognition.
From Musical Grammars to Music Cognition in the 1980s and 1990s: Highlights of the History of Computer-Assisted Music Analysis
Authors: Schüler Nico
Published: June 2021

While approaches that had already established historical precedents – computer-assisted analytical approaches drawing on statistics and information theory – developed further, many research projects conducted during the 1980s aimed at the development of new methods of computer-assisted music analysis. Some projects discovered new possibilities related to using computers to simulate human cognition and perception, drawing on cognitive musicology and Artificial Intelligence, areas that were themselves spurred on by new technical developments and by developments in computer program design. The 1990s ushered in revolutionary methods of music analysis, especially those drawing on Artificial Intelligence research. Some of these approaches started to focus on musical sound, rather than scores. They allowed music analysis to focus on how music is actually perceived. In some approaches, the analysis of music and of music cognition merged. This article provides an overview of computer-assisted music analysis of the 1980s and 1990s, as it relates to music cognition. Selected approaches are being discussed.
Bibliografija Marije Bergamo
Authors: Krstulović Zoran
Published: June 2021

Bibliografija Marije Bergamo
Priložnostne skladbe v čast cesarju, monarhiji in panslavizmu kot odraz nekaterih staroslovenskih političnih načel in idej po letu 1848
Authors: Cigoj Krstulović Nataša
Published: June 2021

Priložnostne skladbe za politično rabo z izrazito zunajumetniško tendenco – hvalnice v čast cesarju, monarhiji in panslavizmu – kažejo drugačno podobo in imajo drugačen pomen kot pretežni del izvirne slovenske ustvarjalnosti »v službi naroda« po letu 1848. V primerjavi z domoljubnimi pesmimi in pesmimi v ljudskem duhu predstavljajo takšne priložnostne pesmi zanemarljiv in z umetniško-razvojnega vidika nepomemben del slovenske glasbene ustvarjalnosti; od pomladi narodov do razpada monarhije jih je nastalo manj kot dvajset. Pisali so jih priseljeni češki glasbeniki in priložnostni, manj pomembni ustvarjalci, ki jim je bil blizu legitimizem staroslovenskega političnega programa. Drugačen primer funkcionalne glasbe za politično rabo predstavljajo uglasbitve politično angažiranih besedil, ki so nastale zaradi vpliva aktualne politične ideje slovanske vzajemnosti zlasti v petdesetih in šestdesetih letih 19. stoletja.
Začetki slovenskega cecilijanstva v luči korespondence med Antonom Foersterjem in Franzom Xaverjem Wittom
Authors: Nagode Aleš
Published: June 2021

Skladatelj in cerkveni glasbenik Anton Foerster je v dosedanjih glasbeno zgodovinopisnih obravnavah veljal za osrednjo osebnost in idejnega vodjo cecilijanskega gibanja na Slovenskem. Novoodkrita korespondenca z Francem X. Wittom, vodjo nemškega ACV in urednika revije Musica sacra, pa ga postavlja v drugačno luč. V pismih izraženi Foersterjevi pogledi na cerkveno glasbo in konkretne osebnosti slovenske cerkvene glasbe se močno oddaljeval od stališč, ki jih je za svoje propagiralo društvo. To ne prinese le bistvenih sprememb v naše poznavanje Foersterjevih umetniških nazorov, temveč ključno spreminja naše vedenje o oblikovanju idejne osnove in konkretnem delovanju Cecilijinega društva za Ljubljansko škofijo.
Stravinsky and Russian Music of the 20th Century
Authors: Savenko Svetlana Savenko
Published: June 2021

The discussion of this important question presupposes two different aspects: the first one is connected with the perception of Stravinsky’s music in his fatherland, the second with the influence of his music in the specific sense of the word. The most important stations of the perception of Stravinsky: 1. 1910–1920. Stravinsky’s works were regularly performed in Russia during this period. The reaction of the audience and the press was various and partly controversial. 2. End of the 30’s to the middle 1950’s. In this period Stravinsky’s music has almost disappeared from the USSR concert life. It became the target for most violent ideological criticism, which reached its zenith at the threshold of 1940’s 1950’s. 3. Stravinskys visit to the USSR (1962) had a crucial meaning for the expansion of his influence. The main factors of the influence: 1. After the 1920’s the direct influence of Stravinsky on the Russian music was at first rather obvious. At that time, one could observe it through a whole set of compositions by “leftist” composers from the circle of The Association Of Modern Music; they understood Stravinsky’s music as a renewed, contemporary musical tradition of Russia. 2. A revival of the influence of Stravinsky’s music began in the 1960’s, probably in connection with “the new folkloristic wave” in the national oriented works of young composers, who belonged to a large extent to “the Soviet avant-garde”. Resumé: Stravinsky’s work was ideal as a model for the development of the Russian music in the 20th century.
Constituting Neoclassicism in Serbia or: How and Why Neoclassicism Can Be Understood as Modernism – a Study of Ristić’s Second Symphony
Authors: Mikić Vesna
Published: June 2021

The paper examines the possible re-contextualization of the Serbian musical neoclassicism in the field of (sober) modernism/socialist aestheticism characteristic for Serbian art and literature of the fifties. From that perspective, the Second Symphony (1951) by Milan Ristić is seen as the constitutive piece of neoclassicism/sober modernism, i.e. of artistic tendency that is going to become very important for understanding Serbian music in the second half of the 20th century.
Genetic diversity and population structure among indigenous and imported goat breeds in Kenya
Authors: Waineina Ruth W , Ngeno Kiplangat , Okeno Tobias O. , Ilatsia Evans D.
Published: June 2021

Population structure and relationship information among goats is critical for genetic improvement, utilization, and conservation. This study explored population structure and level of introgression among four goat breeds in Kenya: the indigenous Galla (n = 12) and three imported breeds, the Alpine (n = 29), Toggenburg (n = 31), and Saanen (n = 24). Genetic diversity was analyzed using four indices (polymorphic SNPs, mean allele frequency, observed and expected heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient) within each breed. Population structure assessed using model-based clustering (ADMIXTURE) revealed four breeds according to their geographic regions in Kenya. Kenyan Alpine goats were the most admixed breed with about 10 % of its genome derived from Galla, 10 % and 6 % from Saanen and Toggenburg respectively. The association of Galla with other breeds was anticipated since the Galla breed was used as the founder population for crossbreeding with Saanen, Alpine and Toggenburg breeds. The relationship information evaluated by computing Reynolds genetic distance revealed five distinctive clusters: Alpine, Galla, Saanen, Toggenburg and some mixture of Alpine and Toggenburg. Saanen and Galla breeds seem to be the most genetically distinct among the sampled populations. The genetic variation among the goat populations observed will provide a good opportunity for sustainable utilization, conservation, and future genetic resource improvement programmes in goat breeds in Kenya.
Let me Fly Abroad: Student Migrations in the Context of Nepal
Authors: Tamang Min Kumar , Shrestha Milan
Published: June 2021

Student migration has been increasing over recent years in Nepal. The increasing numbers of students leave the country to the developed countries for their higher education with the hope of getting practical skills and knowledge and other valuable experiences to enhance their future carrier. This paper intends to explore the motivation, aspirations, and excitements among international students while flying abroad to pursue their higher education from the developed countries. In doing so, we adopted a narrative inquiry assuming that the stories of student mobility and its outcome challenge the educational and employment aspirations of youth in Nepal. The aspirations among international students encourage them to fly abroad due to the expectation of handsome earning and pursuing a foreign degree. Moreover, this paper also highlights the motivation of prospective students and their desire to fly abroad for their academic journey.
Content Analysis of Entrepreneurship Education in Primary and Secondary School Textbooks
Authors: Dorji Tshewang
Published: June 2021

Textbooks are the main source of teaching-learning materials used in primary and secondary schools. This study was carried out in Bhutan to examine if the existing textbooks in primary and secondary schools contain sufficient knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship education. This descriptive study collected 96 textbooks used by students and teachers in classes Pre-Primary (PP) to XII. The reviewers identified descriptions about entrepreneurship if any in the content and the pedagogical aspects. The content included the meaning of entrepreneurship, characteristics, student activity and images on entrepreneurship. The study revealed that entrepreneurship education is not thoroughly integrated into primary and secondary school textbooks. Three (3.1%) out of 96 textbooks contained descriptions about entrepreneurship. The study, therefore, recommends existing textbook contents and images on entrepreneurship education to be improved and experiential learning opportunities be included. Ministry of Education and the Royal Education Council needs to review and revise classes PP-XII existing school textbooks at various levels. Integrate entrepreneurship education-related topics in the existing textbooks of primary and secondary schools based on the current labour market needs. However, Media Information Literacy, Environmental Science, and Agriculture for Food Security textbooks were not analyzed since many schools did not offer these elective subjects due to no or poor ability rating for higher education admission in Bhutan.
AHMET YESEVÎ HİKMETLERİNİN İŞARÎ TEFSİR METODU AÇISINDAN DEĞERİ
Authors: Kurban Nur Ahmet
Published: June 2021

Kesin olmamakla birlikte Hicrî 562 (M. 1166-67) senesinde vefat ettiği ifade edilen Ahmet Yesevî, Karahanlı döneminde yaşamış ve İslamî ilimler sahasında kendini yetiştirmiş önemli mutasavvıflardan biridir. O, yaşadığı zaman zarfında Asya’dan Afrika’ya, Avrupa’dan Uzakdoğu’ya kadar geniş coğrafyalarda önemli izler bırakmıştır. Hayatı boyunca her fırsatta Kur’ân ve sünneti savunmuştur. Bu açıdan Yesevî’nin hayatı ve eserleri birçok yönden incelemeye konu teşkil edeceği açıktır. İncelendiğinde onun Dîvân’ının Kur’ân ve tefsir ilmi perspektifinden de okunmaya değer mahiyette olduğu görülecektir.
Mezkur sebepten dolayı bu çalışmada Ahmet Yesevî hikmetlerinin işarî tefsir metodu açısından taşıdığı değerler üzerinde durmaya karar verilmiştir. Bu bağlamda öncelikli olarak işârî tefsir ekolünün oluşum süreci ve teorik çerçevesi hakkında kısaca bilgi verilecektir. Sonra Dîvân’ın farklı nüshaları içerisinden çalışmaya konu bir nüsha tespit edilecektir. Araştırma boyunca esas olarak bu nüshaya atıfta bulunulacaktır. Ayrıca burada konumu yakın ilgilendiren bazı çalışmalardan bahsedilecektir. Çalışmanın ilerleyen bölümlerinde tespit ettiğimiz kavramlar çerçevesinde okumalar yapılacaktır. Yesevî’nin bu kavramları kullanırken Kur’ân-ı Kerim’in hangi âyetlerine atıfta bulunduğuna dikkat çekilecektir. Bu bağlamda ilgili kavramların âyetlerle olan ilişkileri değerlendirilecektir.
MODERN UYGURCADA HALK HEKİMLİĞİ İLE İLGİLİ MESLEK ADLARI
Authors: Güler Mehmet , Özyetgin Ayşe Melek
Published: June 2021

Çağdaş ve bilimsel tedavi metotlarının ortaya çıkmasından önce, halk arasında, hastaların tedavisi için birtakım yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Bu yöntemler zaman içinde halk hekimliği adı verilen alanı oluşturmuştur. Asya’daki Türk ve Moğol topluluklarında da özellikle Şamanizmin bazı inanç ve ritüelleriyle beslenen tedavi uygulamaları, zaman içinde somut birer mesleki pratiğe dönüşmüştür. Bu uygulamalar için yapılan adlandırmalar, tarihi dönemler ile günümüz Türk lehçe ve şivelerinde sağlık ve tıpla ilgili meslek adlarının yanında kendine yer bulmuştur. Modern Uygurcada da durum farklı değildir; Uygurcada yabancı dillerden geçen tıpla ilgili meslek adlarının yanında eski dönemlerden beri tanık olunan, Türk halk hekimliği kültürüne dayalı meslek adları da dikkati çekmektedir. İncelememizin konusunu da Modern Uygurcadaki halk hekimliğine dayalı bu meslek adları oluşturmaktadır. Makalemizde bu alanda izahlı lügat ve Uygur dilinin çeşitli ağız sözlüklerinden tespit edilen meslek adlarının gelişim süreci ile bu sözcüklerin Modern Uygurcada ve Uygur ağızlarında kullanımı üzerinde durulacak, Uygur kültürü içinde halk hekimliğinin önemi, yeri, kapsamı ve gelişmişlik düzeyi açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Modern Uygurca, meslekler, köken, halk hekimliği, tedavi yöntemleri

ABSTRACT
Before the advent of modern and scientific treatment methods, some methods were developed among the public for the treatment of patients. These methods have formed the area called folk medicine in time. In the Turkish and Mongolian communities in Asia, the treatment practices, which are fed by some beliefs and rituals of shamanism, have turned into concrete professional practices over time. The nomenclatures made for these applications have found their place in historical periods and in today's Turkish dialects and dialects, along with the occupational names related to health and medicine. The situation is no different in modern Uyghur; In addition to the professional names related to medicine, which have passed from foreign languages in Uyghur, the names of professions based on the Turkish folk medicine culture, which have been witnessed since ancient times, are also noteworthy. The subject of our study is these occupational names based on folk medicine in Modern Uyghur. In our article, the development process of the vocational names determined from various dialect dictionaries of the Uyghur language and their use in Modern Uyghur and Uyghur dialects will be emphasized, and the importance, place, scope and level of development of folk medicine in Uyghur culture will be explained.

Keywords: Modern Uyghur, professions, origin, folk medicine, treatment methods
Télécharger des pages web avec Python
Authors: Turkel William J. , Crymble Adam
Published: June 2021

Cette leçon présente les URL et explique comment utiliser Python pour télécharger et sauvegarder le contenu d'une page Web sur votre poste de travail.