bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profiling and Bioinformatics Analyses of Differential Circular RNA Expression in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells under Hypoxia
Authors: Chen Zheng , Su Shaohua , Yang Min , Wang Fei , Chen Ming
Published: July 2022

Background
The hypoxia microenvironment is highly associated with GBM’s malignant phenotypes. CircRNAs were reported involved in GBM’s biological characteristics and regulated by HIF-1α. However, the differential expression profile and role of circRNAs in GBM cells under hypoxia are still unclear.
Methods
The expression profiles of circRNAs in LN229 and T98G under hypoxia were explored via circRNA sequencing analysis. Those circRNAs significantly dysregulated both in LN229 and T98G, and could be found in circBase were selected and validated by qRT-PCR, RNase R digestion reaction and Sanger sequencing. Normal cell line and fresh GBM tissues were also used for qRT-PCR validation. The roles of differentially expressed circRNAs were evaluated by bioinformatics analyses.
Results
There were 672 dysregulated circRNAs in LN229 and 698 dysregulated circRNAs in T98G. GO analysis indicated that the alteration of circRNAs expression related to GBM cell’s biogenesis and metabolism. KEGG analysis demonstrated that TGF-β signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and metabolism related signaling pathway were closely associated with differentially expressed circRNAs under hypoxia. These results were confirmed by GSEA analysis. The 6 selected and dysregulated circRNAs both in LN229 and T98G including hsa_circ_0000745, hsa_circ_0020093, hsa_circ_0020094, hsa_circ_0000943, hsa_circ_0004874 and hsa_circ_0002359 were validated by qRT-PCR. Inhibition of hsa_circ_0000745 inhibited GBM cell’s proliferation, migration and invasion. HIF-1α centered circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks analysis showed that the 6 validated circRNAs could cross-talk with 11 related miRNAs.
Conclusion
The circRNA expressions are dysregulated in GBM cell under hypoxia. The 6 validated circRNAs could participate in GBM’s development and progression when hypoxia occurs. They might be the candidates for prognostic markers and adjuvant therapeutics of GBM in the future.
A New hydrocarbon Prospect Determination Through Seismic Interpretation and Petrophysical Evaluation of Bahariya Reservoir in Nader field, North Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Metwalli Farouk I. , Basheer Alhussein Adham , Amin Ahmed Taha , El-Dabaa Shaimaa A.
Published: July 2022

The goal of this research is to carry out a subsurface and petrophysical investigation to estimate the petroleum potential of the Bahariya reservoir in the Nader Field of the Khalda Ridge concession in Egypt's northwestern desert. This study depends on using the composite logs for four wells, Nader-1, Nader-2, Nader-4, and Nader-8, and twenty (2D) seismic lines. The Bahariya Formation unconformably underlies and overlies the Abu Roash and Kharita formations, respectively. The Upper and Lower Bahariya formations were evaluated as the petroleum sandstone reservoirs in the studied field. Seismic interpretations were used to clarify the structural settings on the tops of these formations. These formations' time-and-depth-structure maps reveal a variety of structural features which aid in prospect identification and hydrocarbon potential in the area. The petrophysical evaluation involves lithology identification, reservoir pressure measurements, and determinations of petrophysical parameters such as effective porosity (PHIE), net-pay thickness, water saturation (Sw), shale content (Vsh), and hydrocarbon saturation (Sh). The results of this study revealed three new proposed locations to the southeast and north of the investigated Nader field. These locations are located on appropriate structures and on four- or three-way dip structural closures that are suitable for petroleum accumulations. They also have a decrease in Vsh and Sw, and an increase in net pay, PHIE, and Sh for the Upper and Lower Bahariya reservoirs. As a result, it is advised to concentrate exploration efforts on new promising locations for more economical petroleum discoveries.
Development and Validation of a Hypoxia - Related Prognostic Signature for Uveal melanoma
Authors: Lin Kunxia , Zheng Mi , Xu Nuo
Published: July 2022

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common ocular malignancy in adults. Increasing evidence suggests that the hypoxic microenvironment is closely associated with tumor. However, there are few studies on the correlation between hypoxia-related genes and UM patient’s prognosis. Our study aimed to identify the prognostic hypoxia-related genes and construct a prognostic model to predict the prognosis overall survival of UM patients. Method: We obtained 80 UM patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) with RNA sequence data and from UCSC Xena with corresponding clinical information. Protein-protein interaction (PPI)network and regression analysis were conducted to identify prognostic genes and develop the prognostic hypoxia-related model. The accuracy of the model was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and K-M survival curve. The GSE22138 dataset was downloaded from GEO as a validation.Results: We identified 2 prognostic hypoxia-related genes, including ENO3 and PFKP. The prognostic model composed of 2 hypoxia-related genes had high accuracy and independence in predicting the prognosis of UM patient’s prognosis. Additionally, GSEA showed that biological processes related with tumor cell growth, energy metabolism, invasion and diffusion were remarkably activated enriched in the high-risk subgroup, including hypoxia, β-TGF, angiogenesis, glycolysis, apoptosis, etc. Further immune infiltration analysis revealed that the hypoxia risk score was related with immunosuppression and high-risk patients had higher immune scores and lower tumor purity compared with the low-risk patients.Conclusions: We constructed a hypoxia-related model, which had independent prognostic value for the overall survival of UM patients.
Vibration suppression mechanism of ultrasonic field energy
Authors: Lianjun Sun , Liao Wenhe , Kan Zheng , Song Dong , Tian Wei , Zhenwen Sun , Jing Shu , Feng Xue
Published: July 2022

For complex systems, the inhibition of self-excited vibration has always been a difficulty in engineering field. Currently, ultrasonic field energy as a special field energy could suppress vibration significantly. Unfortunately, vibration suppression mechanism has not been elucidated and intrinsic association with vibration field is still ambiguous. Here, we clarify coupling mechanism of ultrasonic field energy and unsteady vibration field energy firstly from the perspective of energy transfer and distribution. We find that it realizes spatially controllable redistribution of vibration field by changing distribution law of excitation waves, which makes vibration frequency migrate across scales. On this basis, we establish a relationship model between ultrasonic field energy and vibration field energy innovatively to accomplish precise vibration suppression. These insights generate important significance for active vibration suppression, which have broad applicability in flexible precision manufacturing, vibration inhibition of aircraft or satellite solar array, high-precision medical equipment and rail traffic stability control.
Compositional properties and codon usage pattern of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene among Potamidids
Authors: Shabani Zulfa I. , Mfilinge Prosper L. , Mpenda Fulgence N.
Published: July 2022

Codon usage bias refers to the phenomenon where there is unequal occurrence of specific synonymous codons in a genome, the frequency of which varies within and among species. Molecular evolutionary researches suggest that CUB studies are significant in interpreting evolutionary trends of species or genes. A number of studies on codon usage bias are emerging in different organisms. However, such information remained unclear for organisms in the family Potamididae. This study systematically examined compositional features and codon usage patterns in MT-COI gene among potamidids to identify factors shaping codon usage bias. Quantification of codon usage bias and the identification of causative factors was performed by assessing various parameters such as nucleotide composition, effective number of codons (ENC), relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU), parity rule (PR2) analysis, neutrality plot analysis as well as a multivariate statistical approach of correspondence analysis (CoA). The results from neutrality plot suggested that natural selection is the dominant evolutionary factor for CUB in MT-COI gene among the different genera of potamidids. Correspondence analysis (CoA), parity plot and ENC analyses indicated the existence of mutational pressure with minor contribution. Nucleotide composition investigations indicated that, most codons are AT rich, with T nucleotides count being highly presented. Thus, compositional restraint was shown as among the reasons behind the pattern of codon usage in MT-COI gene of species in the family Potamididae.
Molecular Docking and In-vitro Evaluation of Apoptotic Effect of Novel Synthetic Organocopper Derivative in Human Breast Cancer Cell line as Anticancer Agent
Authors: Darwish Noura M , Saleh Abdulrahman M. , Hemdan Shimaa Badawy , Abdallah Ahmned Alamir Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

Conventional therapies have low effectiveness to fulfill results in breast cancer mortality. Organo-copper compounds exhibit cytotoxic activity against a variety of cancer cell lines. we investigated the anti-proliferative effect of the supramolecular coordination polymer (SCP) [CuCN./ Me3SnCN./pyz] (pyz./pyrazine ] in two breast cancer cell lines (T-47D: Breast ductal carcinoma and MDA-MB-231: breast cancer). the in vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the MTT assay. To examine the possible relation between the cytotoxic activity of the SCP and oxidative stress, we measured ROS levels in both human breast cell lines. Changes in apoptotic gene expression were detected by RT-PC R and confirmed using western blot analysis. We did the molecular docking to evaluate and know how SCP interacts with the selected target, the target selection was based on the common essential pharmacophoric features between the crystal ligand, doxorubicin, and SCP. SCP manifested anti-proliferative activities in both T-47D cells and MDA-MB-231 cells. The antitumor activity of SCP was studied at concentrations of IC50. Analysis revealed decreased Bcl2 and increased P53 mRNA, suggesting that SCP exerts its regulatory action on apoptotic genes at the level of transcription. SCP-induced tumor cell apoptosis was attributed to activation of both caspase-3 and caspase-9 regulated pathways. Furthermore, based on the resulted data obtained from the molecular docking, SCP more interacting and binding with the target pocket compared with the crystal ligand and doxorubicin. the supramolecular coordination polymer (SCP) showed an antitumor effect and could be a promising candidate for the management of breast cancer patients.
Long-term prognostic role of elevated soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in acute myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis including 11387 patients
Authors: Chen Jing , Ji Hai-gang , Jiang Wen-bo
Published: July 2022

The soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) can be used to predict the long-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the prognostic role of sST2 in AMI is unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between sST2 and long-term clinical outcomes of AMI patients. Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis was performed using hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as effect measures. Thirteen studies with 11571 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. Elevated sST2 predicted a poor outcome for all-cause mortality with a combined HR of 2.40 (95% CI: 1.64–3.51, P < 0.001) and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) with the combined HR of 2.57 (95% CI: 1.56–4.24, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated sST2 was positively correlated with all-cause mortality and MACEs in the STEMI, NSTEMI, and unselected AMI subgroups. These results suggest that elevated sST2 can predict long-term prognosis for AMI patients.
Subsequence and Distant Supervision based Active Learning for Relation Extraction of Chinese Medical Texts
Authors: Ye Qi , Cai Tingting , Ruan Tong , Zheng Hong
Published: July 2022

Background: In recent years, relation extraction from unstructured texts has become an important task in medical research. However, relation extraction requires a large amount of labeled corpus, manually annotating sequences is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, efficient and economical methods for annotating sequences are required to ensure the performance of relational extraction. Methods: This paper proposes a method of subsequence and distant supervision based active learning. The method is annotated by selecting information-rich subsequences as a sampling unit instead of the full sentences in traditional active learning. Additionally, the method saves the labeled subsequence texts and their corresponding labels in a dictionary which is continuously updated and maintained, and pre-labels the unlabeled set through text matching based on the idea of distant supervision. Finally, the method combines a BERT-CRF model for relation extraction in Chinese medical texts. Results: Experimental results test on the CMeIE dataset that it achieves the best results compared to existing methods. And the best F1 values are obtained in different sampling strategies, which are 52.65%, 52.55% and 51.37% respectively.
Characterizing microbial community viability with RNA-based high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Wang Ya , Thompson Kelsey N. , Yan Yan , Short Meghan I. , Zhang Yancong , Franzosa Eric A. , Shen Jiaxian , Hartmann Erica M. , Huttenhower Curtis
Published: July 2022

BackgroundCharacterization of microbial viability is essential to the understanding of the basic biology of microbial communities, as the function of a microbiome is defined by its biochemically active (“viable”) community members. Current sequence-based technologies can rarely differentiate microbial viability, due to their inability to distinguish live and dead sourced DNA. As a result, our understanding of microbial community structures and the potential mechanisms of transmission between humans and our surrounding environments remains incomplete. As a potential solution, 16S rRNA transcript-based amplicon sequencing (16S-RNA-seq) has been proposed as a reliable methodology to characterize the viable components of a microbiome, but its efficacy has not been evaluated systematically. Here, we present our work to benchmark RNA-based amplicon sequencing for viability assessment in synthetic and environmentally-sourced microbial communities. ResultsIn synthetic mixtures of living and heat-killed Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sanguinis, 16S-RNA-seq successfully reconstructed the viable compositions of the communities. However, in the realistic environmental samples no significant compositional differences were observed in RNA (“actively transcribed - viable”) vs. DNA (“whole” communities) spiked with E. coli viability controls, suggesting that this methodology is not appropriate for viability assessment in complex communities. The results were slightly different when validated in environmental samples of similar origins (i.e., from Boston subway systems), where samples were differentiated both by environment type as well as by library type, though compositional dissimilarities between DNA and RNA samples remained low (Bray-Curtis distance median: 0.34-0.49). To improve the interpretation of 16S-RNA-seq results, we compared our results with previous studies and found that 16S-RNA-seq suggests taxon-wise viability trends (i.e. specific taxa are universally more or less likely to be viable compared to others) in samples of similar origins. ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive evaluation of 16S-RNA-seq for viability assessment in synthetic and complex microbial communities. The results found that while 16S-RNA-seq was able to semi-quantify microbial viability in relatively simple communities, it only suggests a taxon-dependent “relative” viability in realistic communities.
Cost-Effective Library Preparation for Whole Genome Sequencing with Feather DNA
Authors: Schweizer Teia M. , DeSaix Matthew G.
Published: July 2022

Samples from avian species of high conservation concern are often low in total genomic DNA (gDNA). Feathers are collected more frequently than blood, yet they contain low total gDNA which can present challenges in using them for genomics. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) can provide many insights that can be used to aid in species conservation, but current methods for working with feathers are cost prohibitive for population level genomic analyses. Thus, there is a need for a cost-effective method of preparing WGS libraries from feathers. To bridge the gap between sampling techniques commonly used in avian conservation genetics that yield low total gDNA and the powerful tool of WGS, we developed a method that successfully produces WGS libraries from feather gDNA with as low input as 0.48 ng of DNA and an average final library size of 300–500 base pairs. Sequencing results suggest high sequencing quality using our protocol with feather DNA. We conclude that our method will facilitate high-throughput WGS on low total gDNA samples, like feathers, thus expanding the power of genomic tools in critical avian conservation research.
On improving Cheng’s backpropagation for fully connectedcascade networks
Authors: Mizutani Eiji , Kubota Naoyuki , Truong Tam
Published: July 2022

In this journal, Cheng has proposed a backpropagation (BP) procedure calledBPFCC for deep L-stage fully connected cascaded (FCC) neural network learning in comparisonwith a neuron-by-neuron (NBN) algorithm of Wilamowski and Yu; yet, Cheng apparentlyneglected two major points of the NBN algorithm: (1) the merit of NBN is emphasizedon the multiple q-output (q > 1) case; and (2) NBN is described for a q-outputFCC different in structure from Cheng’s FCC type. In nonlinear regression (for minimizingthe sum of squared residuals), NBN employs forward passes only on the q-output FCC toevaluate the Gauss-Newton (approximate Hessian) matrix ∇rT∇r, the cross product of theJacobian matrix ∇r of the residual vector r. Notably, both BPFCC and NBN are designedto reduce the cost for evaluating (q rows per datum of) the Jacobian matrix ∇r rather thanthe dominant cost for forming the cross product ∇rT∇r by rank updates. The purpose ofthis paper is to present a new BP procedure that exploits the special FCC network structureof Cheng’s type for reducing the dominant cost (with no rows of ∇r explicitly), evaluatingthe Gauss-Newton matrix efficiently in a block arrow matrix form when q > 1.
Pricing American Options under Irrational Behavior with Numerical Approach
Authors: Rohi Mohammad Saber , Azari Hossein , Heidari Saghar
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we consider the pricing problem of American options under an irrational exercise strategy with a rationality parameter. Irrational behavior of option holders as reactions to market movements can lead to an exercising option strategy at a time that might not be an optimal time. Under the irrational exercising time strategy, the pricing problem of the American-style option results in the overvalued option price. A common way to study the irrational behavior of option holders and its impact on the American option pricing problem is to consider intensity-based models with stochastic intensity parameters. Under these models, the option pricing problem leads to a nonlinear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) with an additional term to the PDE of the American option under rational strategy (classical American option with optimal exercise strategy) due to the intensity functions of models. Although the solution converges to the solution of the classical American option price when the parameter tends to infinity, the classical boundary conditions cannot apply to finite values of the parameter. For this, we propose a finite element method to solve the resulted PDE with a numerical approach. We also present numerical results to show the accuracy of the proposed method.
Variability of polyteny of giant chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster salivary glands
Authors: Strashnyuk Volodymyr Yu. , Shakina Lubov A. , Skorobagatko Daria A.
Published: July 2022

Polyteny is an effective mechanism for accelerating growth and enhancing gene expression in eukaryotes. The purpose of investigation was to study the genetic variability of polyteny degree of giant chromosomes in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. in relation to the differential fitness of different genotypes. 16 strains, lines and hybrids of fruit flies were studied. This study demonstrates the significant influence of hereditary factors on the level of polytenization of giant chromosomes in Drosophila. This is manifested in the differences between strains and lines, the effect of inbreeding, chromosome isogenization, hybridization, adaptively significant selection, sexual differences, and varying degrees of individual variability of a trait in different strains, lines, and hybrids. The effect size of the genotype on the degree of chromosome polyteny in Drosophila salivary glands was 45.3%, the effect size of sex was 9.5%. The data obtained allow us to conclude that the variations in the level of polyteny should be considered as a manifestation of the structural and functional polymorphism of giant chromosomes, which is an essential factor in the differential fitness of flies and has a selective value.
Rare Dizziness, Syncope, Loss of Consciousness, Seizure, and Risk of Falling after Vaccination
Authors: Ricke Darrell O.
Published: July 2022

Some individuals experience dizziness, syncope (temporary loss of consciousness caused by a fall in blood pressure), seizure, and similar rare adverse events after vaccination. Sudden impacts to alertness, consciousness, ability to talk, vision, or balance may pose rare risks for some vaccinees for a few days post vaccination. Herein, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database is examined for relevant adverse events. These adverse events exhibit a consistent pattern of onset soon after vaccination consistent with other reported reactogenicity adverse events. The onset of these adverse events soon after vaccination provides supportive evidence to reject the hypothesis that the majority of these adverse events represent background occurrences. The immediate onset timing of these adverse events represent a pattern that warrants further study. The observed onset pattern for multiple unrelated vaccines are consistent with the possible etiology of innate immune responses to vaccination as causative for these observed adverse events. Cautionary avoidance of some activities immediately following vaccination may reduce accidental injuries.
Key factors in the internationalization process of born global Romanian software companies: an exploratory study
Authors: Butnariu Anca , Filipeanu Dumitru , Luca Florin Alexandru
Published: July 2022

The general objective of this study is to bring several insights into the enablers of the internationalization process of Romanian software technology companies, in the framework of recent research that challenged the traditional theories on internationalization. Due to Romanian software companies’ increasing levels of international direct investments and the strategic importance of this sector, our aim was to uncover the most relevant features that several born global firms in this industry possess. More explicitely, our goal is to elucidate the factors and distinctive conditions that trigger the occurrence and further development of Born Globals, in comparison with the companies that do not show the fast internationalization tendency from their inception or soon after. Our qualitative empirical research, based on four case studies, argues that strategic flexibility, innovation capability and entrepreneurial ability allowed sees in IT Romanian industry to rapidly internationalise in unknown markets and become international successful players. This confirms existing theoretical frameworks that recognised knowledge-intensity, capacity of networking and client orientation as important internationalization explaining mechanisms. Drawing on theories of internationalization as RBV, KBV, DCV, international entrepreneurship, we argue that SMEs in IT industry are characterized by a mix of the features mentioned by these frameworks. Our results determine that BGs are more entrepreneurial, have more innovation capabilities, learning capability, are more customer-oriented and are part of collaborative networks, have flexible strategies than other companies. The prior international experience or market knowledge of the founders was not found to be one of the triggers that led to the rapid international success of romnaina IT companies.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Mentally Ill Patients in Psychiatry OPD at St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Dawud Awol , Menna Takele , Teshome Tesfalem , Alayu Mikiyas , Ayalew Mohammed
Published: July 2022

Background: Every year, more than 800,000 people die due to suicide (one person every 40 s), ranking as the second leading cause of death next to traffic accidents between 15–29 years of age. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among mentally ill patients. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from December/2019 to January/2020. Data was collected by using a convenient sampling technique until the required sample size was achieved. The total sample size was 385. Suicidal Behavavior Quistionnare Revised (SBQ-R), Oslo scale and self-prepared to assess suicide.Data collection was by psychiatry professionals through face-to face interview. Data was analyzed, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were conducted by using SPSS version 23. Result: A total of 385 patients were participated in the study. Of these, 216 (56%) were males. The prevalence of suicide ideation was 255 (66.2%). The odds of suicidal ideation and attempt was almost three times higher [AOR=2.79, 95% CI (1.11, 6.98)] among patients who felt hopeless, OR was around two times higher [AOR= 2.44, 95% CI (1.17, 5.08) among patients who had family history of suicide, the OR is almost three times higher [AOR= 2.56, 95% CI (1.00, 6.53)] among patients who stopped their medication, the OR is around two times higher [AOR= 2.25, 95% CI (1.14, 4.46)], the OR of suicidal ideation and attempts was almost six and four times higher [ AOR= 5.86, 95% CI (1.30, 26.41) and AOR= 3.61, 95% CI (1.01, 12.88)] among patients who educate primary and secondary level education respectively. Conclusion: In this study, which was performed in Ethiopia, suicidal ideation and attempt common problems among males than females. And the prevalence of suicide ideation and attempts were showing a significant public health issue among hospital attending and chronic mentally ill patients’ adolescents that requires a great emphasis. And we recommend that suicide prevention needs to involve non-governmental and non-profit organizations, universities, and civil society at different levels.
Qualitative Content Analysis of The New York Times Coronavirus (2019-n-COV) Articles with Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Leximancer
Authors: Tunca Sezai , Sezen Bulent
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze coronavirus (2019-nCOV) discourse related articles published on NyTimes.com with NLP methods and Leximancer. The textual data of the research were collected with the Orange3 software text mining tool via the NyTimes.com API, and qualitative content analysis was carried out with Leximancer and NLP methods. The research data were selected as three terms (first-mid-last) depending on the determined date ranges during pandemic. The textual data set was analyzed with Leximancer using the qualitative content analysis method and conducted sentiment measurements of the published articles. Then, using Leximancer concept maps, explained concepts and their relationships by visualizing them to identify pandemic discourse. Leximancer results, the distance and proximity positions of some themes related to NyTimes.com pandemic discourse were revealed according to their conceptual definitions. In context of findings can be concluded that NyTimes.com coronavirus (2019-nCOV) discourse some of their concepts have changed periodically, and some concepts remain the same. NyTimes.com's pandemic discourse consisted of a certain part of the concepts that guide human behavior and content that may cause anxiety. Sentiment analysis results were supported these findings Another result was that the findings showed us that the contents of the coronavirus articles were support official policies.
HRYHORII SKOVORODA: UKRAINIZATION OFTHE IMAGE
Authors: Artiukh V. O.
Published: July 2022

Within the article the attempt is made to study the perception of the XVIII century
philosopher Hryhorii Skovoroda’s image and its philosophy through the prism of the later national identities. The fact is stressed that the statement of the issue concerning the Hryhorii Skovoroda’s image Ukrainization and the history of its solution turns out to be the consequence of the process of establishing the Ukrainian modern self-identity which started in the ХІХ century. The situation is emphasized that within “all-Russian” identity one can come across its three variations: Skovoroda is a “Russian” (meaning “all-Russian”); Skovoroda is a “Malorussian” (meaning a representative of a regional variant of a “Russian” identity) and Skovoroda is a “Ukrainian” (meaning a native from the land that is called Ukraine). At the end of the ХІХ century Skovoroda’s image was interpreted within Ukrainian personal identity. The conclusion is made that during ХІХ-ХХ centuries and even nowadays two national identities for Skovoroda’s personality remain relevant: Ukrainian and Russian. The Russian one is a result of the XVIII-XIX centuries “all-Russian” syncretism state being transferred into the modern
particular Russian national self-identity. The process of Hryhorii Skovoroda’s image
Ukrainization (in other words its extraction from the “all-Russian” context) developed through several stages. At the beginning of the ХІХ century he was “Ukrainian” because he had a Ukrainian territorial identity and was related to Slobidska-Ukrainian province. Later he became “Ukrainian” because he represented “simple” Ukrainian people. Finally he is “Ukrainian” because he belongs to the Ukrainian ethnic nation and therefore his philosophy belongs to Ukrainian philosophical culture.
PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING AND PRESERVATION OF MONUMENTS OF
CULTURAL HERITAGE (on the example of the City Cemetery of Sumy)
Authors: Mykhailichenko M. A , Kudinov D. V
Published: July 2022

Sumy City Cemetery, given the personalities of prominent Sumy people buried on it,
as well as the artistic and historical value of many tombstones, is of great historical,
cultural and memorial importance. There are 39 cultural heritage sites on its territory,
three of which are of national importance and 36 of local significance.
At the same time, many burials of the City Cemetery, valuable from a historical or artistic
point of view, do not have the status of a cultural heritage site. Procrastination in granting it the status of cultural heritage sites can eventually lead to their destruction. However, burials that have the appropriate status are not always properly cared for. Yes, the crypt-pyramid is cluttered and actively destroyed. Sculptures by Aristide Croisy need to be restored. The protection status of the monuments located on the territory of the City Cemetery is not specified in any way, there are no appropriate protection boards, plaques, explanations. The locations of the monuments are not marked on the information stand located at the entrance to the cemetery. Thus, there are two main problems in the accounting and preservation of monuments located in the City Cemetery of Sumy. The first is the significant number of sites that need to be given cultural heritage status of local significance. The second is the unsatisfactory condition of cultural heritage sites, including those of national importance. The first problem, in our opinion, can be solved by creating regional expert commissions, which should be able to promptly consider the inclusion of cultural heritage sites in the State Register by category of local importance. The problem of proper maintenance of monuments requires the joint efforts of public authorities and local governments with activists of public organizations, especially those whose statutory tasks include the protection of cultural heritage.
3 Boyutlu Yazıcı ile Üretilen Farklı Hücre Çaplarındaki Bal Peteği Sandviç Yapıların Eğme Dayanımlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: KAVELOĞLU Serdar , TEMİZ Şemsettin , DOĞAN Oğuz , KAMER Muhammed Safa
Published: July 2022

Bal peteği yapılar günümüzde birçok konstrüksiyon içerisinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle bal peteği yapılarından üretilmiş ürünlerin mekanik özelliklerinin araştırılması güncel bir konu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bal peteği çekirdek yapısına sahip, ABS ve PLA malzemeleri kullanılarak üç boyutlu yazıcı ile üretilen sandviç yapıların eğme dayanımları deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneylerde sandviç yapı içerisindeki, bal peteği çekirdek yapısının hücre çapı değişiminin, eğme mukavemeti üzerine etkisi deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla üç farklı hücre çapı için deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her bir deneyin üç kez tekrar edilmesi ile toplamda on sekiz adet üç nokta eğme testi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca deneylerin güvenilirliğinin artırılması amacıyla özel olarak konumlandırma ekipmanı tasarlanmış ve üretilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen deneyler sonucunda kuvvet – sehim eğrileri elde edilmiştir. PLA malzemeden üretilen numunelerin ABS numunelere göre daha mukavim olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca her iki malzeme için de 9 mm hücre çapına sahip numunelerin en yüksek dayanıma sahip olduğu, 12 mm hücre çapına sahip numunelerin ise en düşük dayanıma sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Tahmininde Farklı Yöntemlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİRDÖĞEN Mehmet Fatih , KILIÇ Süleyman , ÖZTÜRK Fahrettin
Published: July 2022

Kalıpçılık sektöründe talaşlı imalat en yaygın kullanılan yöntemlerden birisi olup maliyeti önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Özellikle istenilen yüzey pürüzlülüğü/kalitesini düşük maliyetle minimum işleme zamanında elde etmek temel amaçtır. Yüzey kalitesi: kesme hızı, ilerleme, talaş derinliği, titreşim, soğutma sıvısı, kullanılan kesici uç özellikleri/geometrisi gibi birçok parametreye bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sıcak iş takım çeliğinin farklı parametrelerde tornalanması sonucu yüzey pürüzlülüğü incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, elde edilen deneysel verilerden regresyon, yapay sinir ağları ve bulanık mantık tahmin modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Bu sayede farklı parametrelerdeki yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri elde edilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlarla model sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında, yaklaşık %5 hata ile en yakın tahmin Sugeno bulanık mantık modeli ile elde edilmiştir.
An Update on Promising Agents against COVID-19: Secondary Metabolites and
Mechanistic Aspects
Authors: Jamshidnia Maryam , Sewell Robert D.E. , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is associated with a high level of mortality.

Objective:

This updated review aims to present the most important traditional medicinal plants and some of
their secondary metabolites that have previously and more recently been shown to affect viruses and may represent
a beneficial contributory step against SARS-CoV-2 as the cause of COVID-19. Moreover, the mechanism
aspects of these secondary metabolites were discussed, which may help find more reliable drugs against SARSCoV-
2.

Methods:

Articles were searched on scientific websites including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science,
PubMed, and IranMedex using the search terms herbal medicine and traditional medicine with coronavirus,
SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19. Human, animal, and in vitro studies were identified in the search.

Results:

Medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites may possess a potential role in combating this disease,
and researchers suggest that some of these plants and their constituent compounds have inhibitory activity
on coronaviruses. Numerous medicinal plants, their extracts, and secondary metabolites have been investigated
over a period of time for antiviral activity. Among them, kaempferol, silybin, myricitrin, licoleafol, and curcumin
are promising agents with potential activity against SARS-CoV-2. Natural compounds can form strong
bonds with the active sites of SARS-CoV-2 protease. Structural and non-structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins such
as Spike protein, PLpro, and 3CLpro are inhibited by these phytochemicals.

Conclusion:

Prospective treatments targeted at the life cycle stages of the virus may eventuate from research
endeavors, and it must not be discounted that therapy originally derived from plant secondary metabolite
sources may potentially have a part to play.
Outcomes of a Newly Established Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy Service in the Middle East
Authors: Uzbeck Mateen , Zoumot Zaid , Shafiq Irfan , El-Kaissi Mahmoud , Souilamas Redha , Wahla Ali Saeed
Published: July 2022

Aims:

Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy (EMNB) is a useful tool for the bronchoscopist to target peripheral pulmonary lesions. It has a well-established efficacy and safety profile; however, there are no studies describing its utility in a Middle Eastern population. In this paper, we describe the efficacy and safety outcomes of a newly established EMNB service.

Background:

The diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions presents a significant challenge to the bronchoscopist, especially in the era of increased thoracic imaging with computerized tomography (CT) scans. EMNB is a relatively novel technique that utilizes an image-guided localization system akin to Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) technology, offering the bronchoscopist an accurate navigational pathway to sample peripheral pulmonary targets.

Objective:

We present our initial experience of performing EMNB and report our diagnostic and safety outcomes with EMN bronchoscopy.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of the medical notes of all patients booked for EMNB from May 2015 to December 2019 at our tertiary care center using the electronic medical record system.

Results and Discussion:

Fifty-five patients were scheduled for EMNB, and 47 patients (24 males, 23 females) had EMNB-guided sampling between May 2015 and December 2019. The median age of the patients was 61 years (IQR 49.5-74.3). A bronchus sign was present on the CT chest in 29 (61.7%) cases. Thirty-one (66%) patients had positive EMNB guided samples. There was a weak correlation between the lesion size and the positive EMNB guided sampling (r: 0.34). Twenty-one of 29 (72%) patients with positive bronchus signs had positive EMNB guided samples, compared to 10/18 (56%) patients without bronchus signs; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p-value 0.335). When the presence or absence of rapid onsite examination of cytopathological specimens (ROSE) was compared during the procedure, a trend favoring the presence of ROSE could be seen, but this was statistically non-significant (p-value 0.078). In this series, one patient with pre-existing triple vessel coronary artery disease developed an inferior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), likely secondary to spasm. This patient recovered completely and was discharged from the hospital.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates that EMNB can be safely performed in a Middle Eastern population with results similar to those reported in major international studies. The highest diagnostic yield was in patients with a bronchus sign on a CT scan, and combining EMNB with ROSE can increase the chances of having a positive diagnostic bronchoscopy. However, patients and physicians need to be aware of the need to follow up with the patients with negative biopsies to ensure that false negatives are not missed.
The Impact of Complex Intervention on the Dynamics of Children’s Development with ASD
Authors: Mambetalina Alija Saktaganovna , Borankulovna Opabekova Aislu , Kanatovna Mukatayeva Saniya , Ukatayevna Utemissova Gulmira , Pamazanovna Mandykayeva Almagul , Tlegenovna Utaliyeva Zhanna
Published: July 2022

Background:

The study of the complex development of a child with ASD is an important and relevant topic for discussion at the present moment. Complex intervention involves the interaction of specialists such as psychologists, speech therapists, speech pathologists, sensory integration and adaptive physical culture (APC) specialists for the rapid dynamics of children with ASD. To track the development of children, we used a comprehensive assessment of the child’s current skills – VB-MAPP.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to show the effectiveness of complex intervention in the correction of children with ASD.

Methods:

To track the development of children, we used a comprehensive assessment of the child's current skills – VB-MAPP. This test is the most widely used tool among behavioral analysts.

Results:

After processing the data, it becomes clear that the first group, which received classes from one specialist for 1 academic hour three times a week, has relatively low indicators of skill development compared to the second group. Children from the second group who received complex intervention from several specialists every day for 4 hours a day demonstrated positive dynamics in all areas of development.

Conclusion:

The results of the study confirm that the main condition ensuring the positive dynamics of the development of a child with ASD is the comprehensive intervention of specialists specializing in correctional work.
Recent Trends of Therapeutic Strategies against COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Hai-Long , Ge Liya , Li Yong-Xia , Zhou Ai-Feng
Published: July 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a virus named SARS-CoV-2, has spread rapidly around the world.

Objective:

To better understand the recent development of therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 and the patent landscape, we analyze patent documents surrounding COVID-19.

Methods:

The patent documents surrounding COVID-19 from 6 major countries, including China, the US, Russia, Korea, India, and Singapore, were analyzed by a comprehensive analysis. The patent documents surrounding COVID-19 were published from November 2019 to April 2021.

Results:

The analysis showed that China was the most prolific country in patents surrounding COVID-19, with over 300 published patent documents. A significant feature of therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 was the contribution of traditional Chinese medicines in China. Our study showed the number of patents in the therapeutic area was about half in all patent applications, which indicated that therapeutic approaches, detecting, and protecting approaches were the same in importance against COVID-19.

Conclusion:

The main therapeutic strategies against COVID-19 include traditional Chinese medicines, chemical drugs, and vaccines. An effective and fast approach against COVID-19 is to use vaccines or traditional Chinese Medicines. The present study showed the development of a therapeutic strategy surrounding COVID-19 based on patent insight for the first time and provided new insight into therapeutic strategy against COVID-19.
Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities
of Ethiopian Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaf and
Flower Oil Extracts
Authors: Yibeltal Getachew , Yusuf Zekeria , Desta Mulugeta
Published: July 2022

Background:

The occurrence of multidrug resistant pathogenic microbes has initiated
the development of natural antimicrobial agents from plants. Oils from herbal sources have drawn
scientific interest due to their potential source of bioactive compounds.

Objective:

This study was aimed to examine the physicochemical and biological activities including
antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the oil extracted from basil leaves and flowers.

Methods:

The physicochemical properties of the oil extracts were measured based on oil yield,
specific gravity, acid value, free fatty acids and peroxide values whilst the antioxidant activities
were assessed by ascorbic acid, DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and hydrogen peroxide
free radical scavenging activities. The antimicrobial experiment was conducted based on disc diffusion
and broth dilution methods.

Results:

The result of antioxidant activity of Ocimum basilicum indicated significantly higher
DPPH (86.45%) for leaf oil extract. The strongest antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition
(15.47 mm), minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (0.09 μg/ml), and corresponding
minimum bactericidal concentration MBC (0.19 μg/ml) was exhibited by the flower oil extract
against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-25923. The strongest antifungal activity with maximum
zone of inhibition (15.90 mm), MIC (0.125 μg/ml, the least value), and minimum fungicidal concentration
MFC (0.09 μg/ml) were recorded for leaf oil against Candida albicans.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded from the present study that the sweet basil flower and leaf oil extracts
can be potential antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal agents.
Bioremediation of Cypermethrin by Fungi
Authors: Wagh Vrushali , Patel Nafisa , Sapkal Bharatkumar , Ajmera Shanthipriya
Published: July 2022

All over the world, due to the extensive use of pesticides in the agriculture sector, the soil gets contaminated and polluted. In the agriculture field, the pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin is extensively used to control cotton, vegetables, and fruit insects. Cypermethrin is harmful for the atmosphere, human beings, and animals, along with having exerted detrimental effects on the nervous and reproductive system. Cypermethrin is moderately toxic to the skin and also negatively affects health, such as neurotoxicity and reproductivity. The toxicity of cypermethrin may also lead to death. Due to the very slow degradation rate, low water solubility, and nonpolar nature, the residues of cypermethrin can persist in soil for a longer period with a significant threat. The metabolite of cypermethrin, 3-phenoxy benzoic acid, is also hazardous to humans and surroundings, in addition to causing serious widespread soil and groundwater pollution. Therefore, there is a need to identify and remove such hazardous chemicals. Bioremediation is the best alternative, which is the most effective, inexpensive, and eco-friendly method. This chapter shows an overview of the current status of biodegradation of cypermethrin in soil and simultaneously also highlights applications of the bioremediation process, which converts cypermethrin and 3-PBA into simple and harmless substances, which play a key role in protecting human lives and the environment. Fungi play a major role in the bioremediation of cypermethrin and 3-PBA contaminating soil. Fungi are more efficient than bacteria because fungi are critical to the biogeochemical cycle and responsible for the bulk of the degradation of xenobiotics like cypermethrin.