bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ассортимент декоративных культур для вертикального озеленения
Authors: Ханбабаева О.Е. , Сорокопудов В.Н. , Мацнева А.Е.
Published: May 2021

В работе изучены вопросы подбора ассортимента декоративных культур для целей вертикального озеленения в городах и частных садах, для различных типов посадки: контейнеры, подвесные корзины и кашпо, вертикальные фитомодули. Изучено 17 видов и рекомендовано 10 видов декоративных цветочных культур, которые оптимально подходят для целей озеленения, обладают высокой декоративностью, не продолжительны по срокам выращивания, способны к размножению различными способами, как семенному так и вегетативному, достаточно устойчивы к меняющимся факторам среды (недостаток или избыток влаги, повышение температуры, сильной ветровой нагрузке) при соблюдении описанной агротехники.
Организация системы внутреннего контроля на предприятии
Authors: Лосева А.С. , Гриднева Ю.С. , Дѐмина В.О.
Published: May 2021

The article examines the features of the organization and functioning of the internal control system at enterprises, taking into account the influence of the competitive environment. The components of internal control are shown, the internal organizational structure of the internal control center at enterprises is substantiated. The main directions of the internal control at the enterprise, which are manifested in its key objects, planned activities and control procedures, have been determined.
Принципы формирования финансовой информации в бухгалтерской (финансовой) отчетности
Authors: Уртенова М.П
Published: May 2021

Accounting (financial) statements are the main source of information for external users when making investment decisions. Therefore, the presentation of high-quality accounting information is one of the priorities of the company's management. In order for the accounting statements to meet the requirements set out for them, such principles as full reflection of all business operations and inventory results for the reporting period are observed when preparing reports; complete coincidence of the data of synthetic accounting and analytical accounting, as well as indicators of reports and balance sheets with the data of synthetic and analytical accounting; recording of business transactions in accounting only on – 92 – Тенденции развития науки и образования the basis of properly executed supporting documents; correct assessment of balance sheet items. The quality of the information contained in the financial statements is of concern to the heads of organizations who are interested in having all the necessary information that really reflects the economic conditions of the company's functioning, in order to make competent and effective management decisions
The Evaluation of the Lighting at the Entrance of Very Long Tunnels
Authors: Mehri Ahmad , Sajedifar Javad , Abbasi Milad , Tajbakhsh Mohammad Ali , Mohammadian Farough , Salehian Tahmineh , Zakerian Seyed Abolfazl
Published: May 2021

Background: One of the major topics related to the very long tunnels is dark hole effect. This is a common phenomenon caused by the sunlight reflected from the surroundings of the tunnel to the eyes of drivers and the lack of sufficient light at the tunnels' entrance, which decreases the contrast of barriers inside the tunnel and also makes it difficult to see potential obstacles at the entrance. The result is an increased risk of traffic accidents in these tunnels. Therefore, the aim of this research is to subjectively assessment the safe rate of lighting in one of the very long tunnels located in the province of Ilam.
Methods: To subject evaluation the safe rate of lighting at the tunnel entrances, two parameters of the average luminance of tunnel entrance and equivalent luminance are required. In this study, Luminancemeter device model S3 was used to measure the average luminance of tunnel entrance. Then, to calculate the equivalent luminance, a YASHICA108 camera with a 35 mm lens was photographed at a distance between the tunnel entrance and a safe stopping point, and then the Holliday polar diagram was used to calculate equivalent luminance (accordance with the standard CIE88-2004).
Results: In this study, the average luminance at tunnel's entrance was equal to 17 , the luminance was equal to 127.5  Using the ADRENAL equation, the quality of lightening at the tunnel entrance was less than 1.
Conclusion: Comparison of the results obtained from the healthy and safety rate of lighting levels at the tunnel's entrance with the De Boer mental scale indicated that a dark hole effect occurs at the entrance of the tunnel under investigation and the light sources installed at the entrance of this tunnel did not have the sufficient ability to inhibit the dark hole effect.
Application of FMEA and AHP in Elevated Highway Construction Project Risk Assessment
Authors: Heydari Ahad , Fallah-Aliabadi Saeed
Published: May 2021

Background: By investigating accidents in industries, it can be concluded that a significant proportion of work-related accidents occur in the construction industry. The present study aimed to apply a hybrid model in identifying and prioritizing risks in a construction project with new machinery.
Methods: In this study, the methodological shortcomings of the traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method and the need to prioritize control measures were modified by the analytical hierarchy of process (AHP). The FMEA was used for risk identification and risk assessment in the elevated highway construction project, then AHP accidents were prioritized according to their physical, psychological, economic, and socio-political burden.
Results: In the AHP structure, several sub-criteria for each criterion were considered and weighted for each item. The five activities included crane collapse, falling from a height, collapse, and electrocution devices that their risk priority number is more than 250 weighted by the AHP.
Discussion: Based on the literature, the traditional FMEA has many shortcomings that need to be corrected by other methods. This study aimed to modify the traditional FMEA method using a hybrid model.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that in urban projects, hazards threaten workers, citizens, and company properties. In addition to accidents, deaths, and injuries, they have negative consequences, such as health, psychological, economic, and socio-political impacts. Accidents cause loss of human life, worker's mental health problems, damage to equipment or property, worker's productivity loss, and affect the profit and reputation of the organization. Due to many deficiencies of the conventional risk priority number (RPN) in the FMEA method, it was criticized, and to enhance the performance of the FMEA in risk analysis, various risk priority models have been proposed.
Presenting a Method for Evaluating the Safety Risk Management Process in Industries Using Fuzzy Logic Approach
Authors: Mehri Hamidreza , Sepahi-Zoeram Faeze , Karimi Ali , Golbabaei Farideh
Published: May 2021

Background: An effective process for preventing industrial accidents basically requires a thorough study of the environment, data collection, evaluation, and analysis of this information, determination of corrective action, and its implementation. Risk management provides an integrated framework for this important process. The purpose of this study was to identify the parameters of the risk management process, combine these parameters by fuzzy logic and construct a fuzzy model to obtain the risk management index and finally design a questionnaire with Likert scale to obtain the inputs of this model to evaluate the risk management process.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 in Tehran. First, based on library studies and experts' opinions, Jaques non-linear crisis management model was selected, and based on this model, the parameters of the risk management process were extracted. Then, a questionnaire with 22 questions was designed to measure these parameters, the content and face validity of which were evaluated. Also, to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, the test-retest method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. Then the parameters were defined as fuzzy numbers, the Fuzzy inference engine was programmed using fuzzy rules, and its validity was evaluated.
Results: The fuzzy model has three stages, in each of which sixteen rules are used. In this fuzzy model, the defuzzification step was performed by four methods with the same results. The designed questionnaire contains twenty-two questions, the content validity ratio (CVR) for this questionnaire is 0.89, and the content validity index (CVI) for all questions was above 0.79. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this questionnaire was 0.713. Face validity was determined quantitatively by calculating the impact score (more than 1.5). Using intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson correlation coefficient, the existence of reliability between test times (test-retest) was confirmed, so that their values were 0.84 and 0.88%, respectively.
Conclusion: The proposed fuzzy model has a high validity giving a correct evaluation of the risk management process and expressing the final result in the form of an index between zero and one hundred. The risk management process evaluation questionnaire has good validity and reliability with the interpretation that the item has good face validity and is understandable, simple, and fluent for the sample group. Using this tool, industry managers can evaluate the safety risk management process, making them able to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this process, and finally take steps to eliminate the defects and improve this process continuously.
Role of Psychological Factors on the Safety and Efficacy of the Coronavirus 2019 Vaccine (COVID-19): Letter to the Editor
Authors: Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), as the biggest threat to public health in 2020, has caused many problems to people around the world during the current year. The COVID-19, which first appeared in Wuhan, China, was designated as acute respiratory syndrome 2 by the International Commission on Classification of Diseases World Health Organization and on March 11, 2020, it was introduced as a pandemic worldwide. From the earliest days, scientists and physicians have been working to discover and develop an effective vaccine for the coronavirus 2019. Finally, after much effort, several vaccines were approved by the World Health Organization. Many factors can play a role in the safety of vaccines, in this regard, psychological characteristics of individuals is one of the most important factors that can affect the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine. Considering that the medical staff of each country is one of the first group to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, so it is necessary they will be examined and evaluated in terms of psychological characteristics in order to provide the necessary psychological interventions if necessary. Iran, on February 9, 2021, started the nationwide vaccination using the Sputnik-V vaccines. Given that mental health can also affect the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine, it is recommended that samples be examined domestically for various psychological characteristics such as levels of stress, fear, depression and anxiety should be evaluated to see the best results and effectiveness of the COVID-19 virus vaccine in Iran.
Frequency of fimH, papC, and aer in E. coli Strains Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection, and their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern
Authors: Abdolahzadeh Zahra , Astani Akram , Mosadegh Ahmad , Hosseini Mohammad Abadi Saeede Sadat , Vakili Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

Introduction: E. coli is the predominant causes of urinary tract infection. Several virulence factors for bacterial infections in the urinary tract are required. In this study, we have considered several virulence factors in strains isolated from the patients with UTI in Yazd.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study in 1394-1395, 146 strains isolated were collected from the patients with urinary tract infection. After confirmation by phenotypic and genotype methods, frequency of gene fimH, pap C, aer was evaluated using specific primers by PCR method. The pattern of antibiotic resistance of isolates was determined by disk diffusion method.
Results: In the present study, the prevalence of virulence genes was fimH (87%), aer (85.6%) and papC (9.6%). Among 146 E. coli isolates, resistance rate for various antibiotics were as follows: 57.2% to Cotrimoxazole, 54.8% to Nalidixic acid, 45.9% to Cefazolin, 40.4% to Cefixime, 42.5% to Cefalotin, 41.8% to Cefalexin, 31.5% to Norfloxacin, 30.1% to Ofloxacin, 28.3% to Ciprofloxacin, 24% to Gentamicin, 19.9% to Amikacin, 1.4% to Nitrofurantoin, and 1.4% to  phosphomycin. The results showed that the most and less frequent resistant was seen in Cotrimoxazole and Nitrofurantoin, phosphomycin, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, the frequency of fimH gene was higher than other genes. In addition, according to the pattern of antibiotic resistance nitrofurantoin and phosphomycin are suitable medicines for the treatment of patients in our region.
Evaluation of Medication Errors from the Perspective of Nurses in the ICUs of Yazd City
Authors: Bagheri Imane , Salmani Naiire , Mandegari Zahra , Pakcheshm Behrouz , Dadgari Atena
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Medication error is one of the most common errors in the medical context which has a great importance in the ICUs due to the patients’ inability and vulnerability in participating in the medication therapy. The aim of this study was to determine frequency, types, and reasons of medication errors in the ICUs.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, which was conducted on 105 nurses working in the ICUs located in hospitals of Yazd City in 2017 on the basis of census sampling method. The data were collected by means of the demographic and occupational questionnaire and the medication errors questionnaire whose content validity and reliability (Alpha Cronbach's coefficient) have been approved The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-square statistical test through SPSS software V.16.
Results: The findings revealed that %66.7 of the nurses had medication errors. %40.6 of the nurses had made medication error only once, and 58.7% of the errors occurred during the night shift. As to the injectable medications, administrating nonprescription medications, making mistakes in dosage calculation, and giving medication after discontinuation were reported with higher frequencies. Regarding the injectable medications, paying no attention to interactions of concomitant drugs, making calculation mistakes, and administrating nonprescription medications were more frequent. Also, the nurses’ fatigue was reported as the first main cause of medication errors in this study.
Conclusion: Given the high frequency of medication errors) 66.7% in the last six months( particularly during the night shift as well as the nurses’ fatigue as the most important cause of the error incidences, it appears important that healthcare authorities and nursing managers take account of the approaches that enhance the nurses’ working conditions.
TEACHER EDUCATION: A STANDARDS-BASED ANALYSIS
Authors: Shakir Mahrukh , Aziz Syed Zuhaib , Ullah Aman , Jawad Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: This article aims to critically discuss the standards-based approach to language teacher education which was very popular initially in Britain and later in other parts of the world where it started to be followed as an ideal model for language teacher education. Given its popularity, a need was identified to have a critical appraisal of this popular approach for the benefit of the relevant stakeholders. Methodology: For this purpose, this analytical article throws light on both the strengths and weaknesses of this approach through a review of other relevant empirical studies set in different educational contexts as stored in different databases and draws from a range of studies to evaluate and summarise the issues about the standards-based approach to language teacher education. Main Findings: In light of the review findings, it is found and suggested that the standards-based approach should not have completely relied upon teacher education programs. Teacher education must be conceived of not as the experience and interpretation of a pre-determined prescribed pedagogic practice. However, if adopted in any way, the weaknesses of the standards-based approach can be mitigated if used in combination with other approaches. Applications of this study: This study will provide stakeholders with a better understanding of the purpose and benefits of the implementation of a standards-based approach in a student-centred classroom. The originality of this study: This study seems valuable as there exist quite limited studies, especially the recent ones, on the said topic, therefore, this study might seem to be beneficial for the relevant stakeholders who are interested in the implementation of a standards-based approach in a student-centred classroom.
Recurrent Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis Affecting the Upper & Lower Limbs: A Case Report
Authors: James Inklebarger , SK Zahid
Published: May 2021

Madelung disease is a rare, metabolic, malignancy-associated and disfiguring condition of unknown etiology, characterized by potentially debilitating neurological, cardiopulmonary, gastric, musculoskeletal and psycho-social complications. Also known as multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL), Benign Lipomatosis (BSL), and Launois-Bensaude syndrome, MSL is characterized by the symmetrical growth of subcutaneous non-encapsulated fat deposits, usually around the neck, but in some cases also around shoulders, the upper trunk, chest and limbs, and hip girdle. These abnormal fat deposits may rapidly grow over a few months or slowly enlarge over several years. Expanding fatty deformations may be disabling, have disfiguring aesthetic consequences, and infiltrate or compress adjacent vital structures. This case illustrates that painful, massive growths may also occur around the knees, re-grow post excision, and present with compressive neurological symptoms necessitating further surgical interventions.
Jak traktować niepowodzenie gospodarcze? Doświadczenia europejskie
Authors: Rogut Anna
Published: May 2021

Przedmiotem rozważań autorki jest przedstawienie dwóch obszarów doświadczeń europejskich. Pierwszego, stanowiącego przegląd dotychczasowych systemów wczesnego ostrzegania i drugiego, wskazującego obszar interwencji publicznej zorientowanej na tworzenie mechanizmów ostrzegających przed upadkiem i przełamywanie złej opinii towarzyszącej przedsiębiorcom „obciążonym” wcześniejszym niepowodzeniem.
The Differential Expressions of PPARγ and CAST mRNA in Muscle Tissues of Jinhua and Landrace Pigs
Authors: Zhao Weixin , Guo Liping , Miao Zhiguo , Zhang Jinzhou , Wang Shan
Published: May 2021

Background: Fat deposition affected meat quality and the suitable amount of intramuscular fat (IMF) can significantly improve the taste of meat, palatability, juicy, tenderness and flavor, thereby enhancing the meat quality in animals. Although, calpastatin (CAST) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) could regulate meat quality by altering meat tenderness or IMF content in animals, reports concerning the relationship between CAST, PPARã expression and pork quality is unclear. Methods: A total of twenty 28-day-old purebred weaned Jinhua and Landrace piglets (10 piglets per breed) were divided into two groups according to breed for the feeding trials lasting for 120 days. At the 148 days of age, 3 pigs of each breed were selected to slaughter. Total RNA was extracted from longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscle to investigate the differential expression of PPARã and CAST in muscle tissues of different breed pigs by RT-PCR methods, as well as their relationship with IMF and carcass lean content. Result: These results suggested that PPARã is an important effector for regulating fat deposition in pigs, which was correlated with IMF and carcass lean content of pigs. This data would provide a scientific basis for the regulation of pork quality.
Acknowledgment of the Legacy of Racism and Discrimination
Authors: Perez-Stable Eliseo J. , Hooper Monica Webb
Published: May 2021

Ethn Dis. 2021;31(Suppl 1):289-292;doi:10.18865/ed.31.S1.289
Recommendations for Addressing Structural Racism in Implementation Science: A Call to the Field
Authors: Shelton Rachel C. , Adsul Prajakta , Oh April
Published: May 2021

Implementation science (IS) has emerged in response to a striking research-to-practice gap, with the goal of accelerating and addressing the development, translation, and widespread uptake of evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Despite the promise of IS, critical gaps and opportunities remain within the field to explicitly facilitate health equity, particularly as they relate to the role of social determinants of health and structural racism. In this commentary, we propose recommendations for the field of IS to include structural racism as a more explicit focus of our work. First, we make the case for including structural racism as a construct and promote its measure­ment as a determinant within existing IS frameworks/models, laying the foundation for an empirical evidence base on mecha­nisms through which such factors influence inequitable adoption, implementation, and sustainability of EBIs. Second, we suggest considerations for both EBIs and implemen­tation strategies that directly or indirectly address structural racism and impact health equity. Finally, we call for use of methods and approaches within IS that may be more appropriate for addressing structural racism at multiple ecological levels and clinical and community settings in which we conduct IS, including community-based participatory research and stakeholder engagement. We see these as opportunities to advance the focus on health equity within IS and con­clude with a charge to the field to consider making structural racism and the disman­tling of racism an explicit part of the IS research agenda.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(Suppl 1):357-364; doi:10.18865/ed.31.S1.357
Mentoring Graduate Students Online: Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Pollard Rhiannon , Kumar Swapna
Published: May 2021

The proliferation of online graduate programs, and more recently, higher education institutions’ moves to online interactions due to the COVID-19 crisis, have led to graduate student mentoring increasingly occurring online. Challenges, strategies, and outcomes associated with online mentoring of graduate students are of primary importance for the individuals within a mentoring dyad and for universities offering online or blended graduate education. The nature of mentoring interactions within an online format presents unique challenges and thus requires strategies specifically adapted to such interactions. There is a need to examine how mentoring relationships have been, and can best be, conducted when little to no face-to-face interaction occurs. This paper undertook a literature review of empirical studies from the last two decades on online master’s and doctoral student mentoring. The main themes were challenges, strategies and best practices, and factors that influence the online mentoring relationship. The findings emphasized the importance of fostering interpersonal aspects of the mentoring relationship, ensuring clarity of expectations and communications as well as competence with technologies, providing access to peer mentor groups or cohorts, and institutional support for online faculty mentors. Within these online mentoring relationships, the faculty member becomes the link to an otherwise absent yet critical experience of academia for the online student, making it imperative to create and foster an effective relationship based on identified strategies and best practices for online mentoring.
The level of representativeness of political parties and the demand for new parties in the Polish party system
Authors: Marmola Maciej
Published: May 2021

This paper explores whether the Polish electorate feels that political parties represent their interests and how many voters expect the emergence of new non-parliamentary political movements. A nationwide survey study (N=970) confirms that over 30% of a study sample has no party that could be perceived as representing their interests. Moreover, the results suggest that this may generate the demand for new non-parliamentary parties. With regard to political practice, the study, to some extent, explains why Law and Justice (PiS) won the 2019 parliamentary elections. Unlike other parties, the voters of Law of Justice declare that they have their representatives on the political scene. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) reveals that this opinion is more often expressed by elderly, poorly educated, very religious and right-wing voters. The formation of a new non-parliamentary party was more often expected by people describing themselves as center-left, non-religious, average earners and secondary-educated.
Simplicity and economic use of language elements
Authors: Ruszkowski Marek
Published: May 2021

The article presents, through a selection of examples, some relations between the simplicity of language elements and their economic use. In linguistic studies, economic use is usually understood too narrowly and is limited to the removal of exceptions and irregular constructions and the use of shorter forms. Also, simplicity of linguistic expressions is sometimes perceived too superficially. Factors such as simplicity of articulation, euphony or the pursuit of accuracy in terms of information being conveyed (semantic simplicity) are not always taken into account. Too hastily, economic use is identified with simplicity of expression. It can be done in some situations, yet not always. The law of linguistic economy (the use of shorter forms and structures) often gives way to a tendency for simplicity (the use of forms that are easier to apply). It is necessary to distinguish the simplicity and economic use of the broadcaster from the simplicity and economics of the recipient. What is simple and economic for the sender does not necessarily have to be simple and economic for the addressee. Considerations on economic use and simplicity of linguistic measures take too little account of the contribution of different factors: the language style; the function a text is expected to have; the intentions of the sender; the addressee to whom a text is addressed; the communication situation, etc.
Eksperyment Banku Światowego oraz Krajowej Administracji Skarbowej w świetle zasad prostego języka
Authors: Dominiak Daria
Published: May 2021

W  artykule przedstawiono założenia dotyczące zastosowania prostego języka (plain language) oraz ekonomii behawioralnej w  komunikacji urzędowej. Zaprezentowano badanie, które miało na celu sprawdzenie, czy skuteczność ekonomii behawioralnej wykorzystanej w pismach urzędowych stworzonych na potrzeby eksperymentu Banku Światowego oraz Krajowej Administracji Skarbowej przeprowadzonego w Polsce w 2016 roku (Hernandez et al. 2017) łączy się z zasadami prostego języka. Praca ta zawiera porównanie wyników eksperymentu Banku Światowego z wynikami analizy językoznawczej (ilościowej i jakościowej) przeprowadzonej w niniejszym artykule. Autorka sprawdza, czy pisma, które Bank Światowy uznał za najbardziej skuteczne w ściągalności podatków, będą również najlepiej napisane pod względem zasad prostego języka. Postawiona w niniejszej pracy hipoteza zakłada, że pisma stworzone na potrzeby eksperymentu mają różny poziom trudności, co oznacza, że — wbrew temu, co przyjęli eksperymentatorzy — różnią się nie tylko techniką nakłaniającą (tak zwanym insightem behawioralnym), ale też stylem. Potwierdzenie tej hipotezy mogłoby rzecz jasna osłabić moc osiągniętych w eksperymencie wniosków.
Plain legal language and the basic concepts of the philosophy of law
Authors: Skwarek Jagoda
Published: May 2021

The aim of the presented article is to demonstrate the possibility of implementing the principles of the Wrocław effective communication model in research conducted by theorists and philosophers of law as well as linguists. The author reflects on the difficulty of comprehending legal language and creating texts of normative acts in an uncomplicated manner. The “plain language” standard has been used in the Polish public sphere, which is why it is worth considering that the introduction of legal regulations would permanently change the way law is made and applied. The call for a clear language in legislation has long been voiced in legal studies. The area requires in-depth research and then perhaps specific solutions in order for plain legal language to become a standard.
‘The sleep of reason brings forth monsters’ — the natural order of things and plain language against hatred promotion of totalitarian systems
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: May 2021

The semantic and pragmatic analysis carried out in the article — from the perspective of the natural order and plain language — of slogans used for over a decade during marches and demonstrations of the far-right National Radical Camp in Poland and its sympathisers clearly demonstrates the hateful and propagandist nature of the slogans. This is confirmed by the senders’ use of semantic and intentional obscenities, animal- and death-related metaphors, emotionality and aggression of speech acts as well as many other linguistic phenomena inciting hatred.All this makes it all the more surprising that investigations, proceedings and cases brought before justice institutions and relating to the nationalist and fascist slogans analysed in the article have been repeatedly dismissed or discontinued on the grounds that they do not constitute propaganda and incitement to hatred. No law can oppose life experience or natural order of things and fail to notice how such utterances are viewed from the perspective of not just the concepts mentioned above, but also of plain language and linguistic logicism.
Simplicity for humorous purposes? On minimalistic yet humorous multimodal press ads
Authors: Stwora Anna
Published: May 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza wybranych przykładów minimalistycznych, multimodalnych reklam prasowych, które mają ukazać, że relatywnie prosta forma może skutecznie przekazywać treści o zabarwieniu humorystycznym. Autorka zaczyna dyskusję od kilku ogólnych uwag na temat multimodalności i wyjaśnienia zagadnienia minimalizmu, który sytuuje w kontekście analizy dyskursu reklamy. Następnie przywołuje krótki opis teorii rozwiązywania niespójności, która ma przybliżyć czytelnikowi zjawisko humoru. Bazując na wybranych minimalistycznych reklamach prasowych wpisujących się w wyżej wspomnianą teorię humoru, autorka dokonuje analizy jakościowej kilku reklam, by ukazać, że prostota wcale nie czyni dyskursu reklamy nudnym. Przeciwnie, pomaga ona odbiorcom skupić się na przekazie oraz docenić kreatywność i humor mogące płynąć z minimalistycznych reklam.
Clinical Predictors of Weight Gain in Early Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Yu Su-Ying , Chen Chii-Ming , Chen Chii-Ming
Published: May 2021

Aim: To identify risk factors for weight gain after two years of a breast cancer diagnosis.Background: Obesity in survivors of early-stage breast cancer has been associated with high disease recurrence rates and lower overall survival rates. Continuous weight gain is an indisputable phenomenon. Identifying factors at the early diagnosis and treatment phase that are associated with weight gain at 2 years later may help to develop further intervention for prevention obesity in breast cancer survivors.Method: A retrospective study was designed to review medical records of 1901 early-stage breast cancer survivors. Extracted data included demographics, past medical history, cancer treatment, tumor characteristics, BMI at diagnosis, and 24-month weights.Results: The sample had a mean age 50.3 (+10.7). Most of them were premenopausal, stage II and BMI ranging from 18.5 to 24 kg/m2 at diagnosis. A majority of them received mastectomy (65.9%), chemotherapy (68.8%), radiotherapy (64.6%) and hormone therapy (63%). At 24 months after surgery, the breast cancer patients gained a mean of 0.4kg; but 21.6% of them gained 5% or more. The breast cancer survivors those who were premenopausal at diagnosis, less-than-high-school education, receiving adriamycin agent, cyclophosphamide agent, and gaining 5% or more weight after surgery had significant higher risk to gain 5% or more at 2 years after diagnosis.Conclusion: Findings from our study suggested that the premenopausal women or those who receive less formal education have higher risk to gain weight after breast cancer treatment. Engagement to healthy weight management for these high risk groups are warranted
Applying Mixture of Municipal Incinerator Bottom Ash and Sewage Sludge Ash for Ceramic Manufacturing
Authors: Lin Deng-Fong , Wang Wei-Jhu , Chen Chia-Wen , Lin Kuo-Liang
Published: May 2021

Two secondary waste materials, municipal incinerator bottom ash (MIBA) and sewage sludge ash (SSA), were mixed with clay for ceramic manufacturing in this study. Specimens with 5 different MIBA replacement amount of 0%, 5%,10%, 15%, and 20%(wt) and 3 different SSA replacement amount of 0%, 10%, and 20%(wt) were prepared and then a series of tests and analysis were conducted to investigate how the two materials affect the quality of the final product and to what extent. It concludes that a mix with up to 20% of SSA and 5% of MIBA could result in quality tiles complying with specifications for interior or exterior flooring applications at certain kiln temperatures.
Father Presence, Father Engagement, and Child Outcomes in Mongolia
Authors: Pablo Lesley , Erkhembayar Ryenchindorj , Davison Colleen M
Published: May 2021

This study explored father involvement as a social determinant of child health within the context of macro-environmental changes in Mongolia. Using data for children aged 3-4 from UNICEF’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, this cross-sectional analysis examined the association between father presence and engagement with child health and educational outcomes. Multivariate regression modeling was employed to identify associations between father presence, engagement, and child outcomes including fever, respiratory illness, diarrhea and preschool attendance. In unadjusted analyses, father engagement was associated with higher odds of pre-school attendance (OR=1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.20) but not with child illness (OR=1.04; 95% CI 0.95-1.14). Father engagement was no longer associated with pre-school attendance after controlling for potentially confounding variables (ORadj = 0.95; 95% CI 0.88-1.03). Unadjusted and adjusted analyses showed that father presence was not associated with acute illness or preschool attendance. Results also suggest that a larger proportion of children were engaged in activities by their mother compared to their father or other adults. Data indicate that father presence and engagement were not associated with child illness or pre-school attendance. Factors such as maternal education, household wealth, and region of residence are stronger predictors of preschool attendance and should continue to be considered for promoting child health and development in Mongolia.
Entrepreneurial Skills to Be Successful In the Global and Digital World: Proposal for a Frame of Reference for Entrepreneurial Education
Authors: Jardim Jacinto
Published: May 2021

For most professionals to be successful in the current job market, they need some entrepreneurial skills (ES). This study aimed to describe and systematize these skills, considering the current globalization and digital transformation phenomena. The documental analysis and the critical reflection on the collected data allowed us to identify the socio-economic and socio-cultural reasons for the relevance of this problem. Consequently, to elaborate a frame of reference that is intended to be adequate to the needs of the professionals of the current global and digital era. The results pointed to a tripartite ES model - to be open to novelty, to create solutions to emerging problems, and to communicate effectively - which integrates the following skills: creativity and innovation, the spirit of initiative, self-efficacy and resilience, strategic planning, and evaluation, resolution of problems and decision-making, transformational leadership, clear and visual communication, teamwork and networking, and digital communication. In the continuation of this study, an ES scale will be created and validated according to this model, which will make it possible to measure the degree of development of these competencies.
Unveiling the Different Reactivity of Bent and Linear Three-Atom-Components Participating in [3+2] Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Ríos-Gutiérrez Mar , Domingo Luis R. , Ghodsi Fatemeh
Published: May 2021

The 32CA reactions of a series of pairs of bent three-atom-components (B-TACs) and linear TACs (L-TACs) towards electrophilic dicyanoethylene (DCE) have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory in order to understand their different reactivity. ELF analysis indicates that while pseudodiradical B-TACs change their electronic structure to pseudoradical or carbenoid L-TACs upon dehydrogenation, zwitterionic B-TACs experience no remarkable change. Analysis of the CDFT indices indicates that five of the nine studied TACs have a strong nucleophilic character, thus participating in polar reactions towards electrophilic ethylenes. The activation energies of the 32CA reactions of the nine TACs towards electrophilic DCE range from 0.6 to 22.0 kcal·mol-1, which are by between 2.0 and 10.1 kcal·mol-1 lower than those involved in the non-polar 32CA reactions with ethylene. In general, B-TACs are more reactive than their L-TAC counterparts. A change of the regioselectivity is found in these polar 32CA reactions; in general, while B-TACs are meta regioselective, L-TACs are ortho regioselective. Analysis of the geometrical parameters indicates that at all TSs, the formation of the single bond involving the most electrophilic C4 carbon of DCE is more advanced than that involving the C5 one. A change of the asynchronicity in the reactions involving B-TACs and L-TACs is also found.
Get to Know the Gastronomy of Quintana Roo from the Smoke Kitchen Model
Authors: Balderas Domínguez Luis David , Daza Toldán Yolanda , Vázquez Paz Laura De Guadalupe
Published: May 2021

The smoke house works as a tourism model that will directly impact women living across Quintana Roo communities and small towns, with the idea that this project will empower them, and provide them with a more dignified income, with the end goal to reduce the poverty rates in the state Likewise, to introduce an adequate formula of cuisine that promotes the regional gastronomic identity, since this typology of cultural heritage is linked to the experience of enjoying the state's native food. (Carrillo, J. and Vazquez, L., 2018) It should be noted that the main representatives and transmitters of gastronomy are women, usually housewives. Therefore, a methodology based on the qualitative approach was designed, taking as a basis the ethnographic method, which allows understanding the behavioral patterns of a society. In the first instance, a gastronomic laboratory is proposed for the university, which will later be used as a business model within the tourism industry, directed at people who seek to enjoy cultural and ex-periential tourism. And at the same time, it will benefit communities across the state by generating more income for them. In addition, the project of model smoke kitchen is oriented to go in accordance with the 2030 agenda. Which includes 17 objectives and 169 goals; six of those objectives are directly aligned with this project, and the rest can be observed to relate it in a more indirectly manner. In the same way, a summary of the results obtained by the five-year groundwork is presented, as well as the division of the gastronomy in the state according to the characteristics that conform the gastronomic region.
Feed additives in the diet of high-producing dairy cows
Authors:   Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, Radzikowski Daniel , Milczarek Anna ,   Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, Janocha Alina ,   Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, Ostaszewska Urszula ,   Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, Niedziałek Grażyna ,   Institute of Animal Science and Fisheries, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, B. Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
Published: May 2021

Improvement of the genetic value of cows, enabling increasingly high milk yield, requires increasingly modern feeding. Therefore, in addition to high-quality bulky feed and concentrate feed, specialized feed additives are being introduced to the diet of high-producing dairy cows. The available additives (rumen-protected essential ingredients, phytobiotics, probiotic, prebiotic and others) have a broad spectrum of activity, increasing production efficiency, protecting against metabolic disease, and improving the reproductive parameters and health of the herd. It should be borne in mind, however, that only rational use of feed additives in the diet of cows is conducive to their longevity, which is one of the most important factors improving the economic outcomes of milk production.
Meat quality of crossbred pigs with various percentage of Pietrain and Duroc breeds (E and U classes in the Europ system)
Authors:   Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland, Karamucki Tadeusz , Jakubowska Małgorzata ,   Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 45, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
Published: May 2021

This study comprised 160 meat samples (m. longissimus lumborum) from 160 abattoir carcasses of pigs representing 4 groups of crossbreeds: group I – ♀ (Deutsche Landschwein × Deutsche Edelschwein) × ♂ (Pietrain), group II – ♀ (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace) × ♂ (Duroc × Pietrain), group III – ♀ (Polish Landrace) × ♂ (Duroc × Pietrain), group IV – ♀ (Landrace × Yorkshire) × ♂ (Duroc). Each group consisted of 40 carcasses (20 of which were each class E and U). After slaughter, hot carcass weight, backfat thickness, longissimus lumborum muscle thickness, and the percentage of meat in the carcass (Sydel CGM) were determined on the processing line, and after 48 hours in the laboratory – the colour characteristics of the meat (lightness – L*, redness – a*, yellowness – b*, chroma – C*, and hue angle – h°), water holding capacity (WHC), pH48, and the percentage of dry matter, total protein, fat, and ash. The highest a*, b* and C*, the lowest pH48, and the highest level of dry matter were found in meat from group I (50% Pietrain pigs). The lowest L*, lowest WHC, and the highest pH48 were found in meat from group IV (50% Duroc pigs). No significant differences were found between E and U classes in L*, h°, WHC, pH48, nor in the percentage of dry matter, total protein, fat, or ash in meat. In conclusion, meat quality characteristics were mainly significantly influenced by the type of commercial cross-breeding, and the influence of the class of carcass was mostly insignificant.
Multiplexed Live-Cell Profiling with Raman probes
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Zhilun , Qian Naixin , Wei Shixuan , hu Fanghao , Min Wei
Published: May 2021

Single-cell multiparameter measurement has been increasingly recognized as a key technology toward systematic understanding of complex molecular and cellular functions in biological systems. Despite extensive efforts in analytical techniques, it is still generally challenging for existing methods to decipher a large number of phenotypes in a single living cell. Herein we devise a super-multiplexed Raman probe panel with sharp and mutually resolvable Raman peaks to simultaneously quantify cell surface proteins, endocytosis activities, and metabolic dynamics of an individual live cell. When coupled it to whole-cell spontaneous Raman micro-spectroscopy, we demonstrate the utility of this technique in 14-plexed live-cell profiling and phenotyping under various drug perturbations. In particular, single-cell multiparameter measurement enables powerful clustering, correlation, and network analysis with biological insights. Being the highest Raman-based multiplexing technology of biological targets so far, this profiling platform is compatible with live cell cytometry, of low instrument complexity and capable of highly multiplexed measurement in a robust and straightforward manner, thereby contributing a valuable tool for both basic single-cell biology and translation applications such as high-content cell sorting and drug discovery.
The effectiveness of additional core stability exercises in improving dynamic sitting balance, standing balance, lower-limb spasticity, falls and gait in subacute stroke patients (CORE-trial). Study protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cabanas-Valdés Rosa , Boix-Sala Lidia , Grau-Pellicer Montserrat , Guzmán-Bernal Juan Antonio , Caballero-Gómez Fernanda Maria , Urrùtia Gerard
Published: May 2021

BackgroundTrunk impairment produces disorders of motor control, balance, and gait that are correlated with increased risk of falls and reduced mobility in stroke survivors. This creates disability and dependency to perform their activities of daily living. Alterations in body alignment occur, requiring treatment strategies focused on improving the postural control. bearing. Core stability exercises (CSE) are a good strategy to improve local strength of trunk, dynamic sitting, standing balance, and gait. There is some evidence about its effectiveness but it is still necessary to run a large multicenter trial to ratify that existing evidence.MethodsThis is a single-blind multicenter randomized controlled trial. Two parallel groups are compared and both perform the same type of therapy. A control group (CG) (n=110) performs conventional physiotherapy (CP) (1 hour per session) focused on improving balance. An experimental group (EG) (n=110) performs CSE (30 minutes) in addition to CP (30 minutes) (1 hour/session in total). EG is divided in two subgroups, in which only half of patients (n=55) perform CSE plus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Primary outcome measures are dynamic sitting, assessed by Spanish-version of Trunk Impairment Scale and stepping, assessed by Brunel Balance Assessment. Secondary outcomes are postural control, assessed by Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke patients; standing balance and risk of fall assessed by Berg Balance Scale; gait speed by BTS G-Walk (accelerometer); rate of falls, lower-limb spasticity by Modified Ashworth Scale; activities of daily living by Barthel Index; and quality of life by EQ-5D-5L. These are evaluated at baseline (T0), at 3 weeks (T1), at 5 weeks -at the end of the intervention (T2), at 17 weeks (T3) and at 29 weeks (T4). Study duration per patient is 29 weeks (a 5-week intervention, followed by a 24-week post-intervention). DiscussionThe study will provide useful information on the short and long term effects of a physiotherapy rehabilitation program based on core stability exercises performed in subacute phase.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03975985. Data registration June 5th, 2019. Retrospectively registered. Date of registration in primary registry: June 5, 2019. Protocol version 1