bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Affective Neuroscience and Sex Differences in the Relationship between Anger and Fear. If Fear Increases, Seeking and Play Decrease, in the Female Sample.
Authors: Manfredi Paola
Published: August 2024

Background. The possible interactions between anger and fear have not been widely explored in the psychological literature. Fear and anger are currently beginning to be studied by looking at their interrelationships, rather than seeing them as simply opposing emotions. Furthermore, there is a tendency to think that anger is more typical of men and fear of women. Our contribution proposes a particular perspective of affective neuroscience. The objectives of the study are: 1) To assess possible differences in affective systems, states, and traits of anger in relation to biological sex; 2) To assess correlations between ANGER, FEAR, and PANIC, state and trait anger in both a female and male sample; 3) To assess possible differences in basic affective systems in relation to different levels of ANGER, FEAR, and PANIC, state and trait anger, in sample of female and in sample of male. Methods. A non-clinical sample of 339 females and 99 males completed the ANPS 3.1 to assess basic affective states and the STAXI 2 to assess anger states and traits. Results. No significant differences were found for ANGER and FEAR scores and for state and trait scores between the male and female samples. Clear correlations emerged (p < .01) between FEAR. PANIC and FEAR in both the female and male samples. Among the differences that emerged in the affective systems, we emphasise that in the female group as FEAR increases, there are significant variations in systems of SEEKING, PLAY, and CARE. Furthermore, only in the female sample as PANIC increases, PLAY progressively decreases, and CARE shows an irregular trend. Discussion. Given the importance of the SEEKING and PLAY systems for well-being and gender equality the hypoactivation of these systems to increases in FEAR and PANIC highlights the need to monitor conditions that may trigger these affective systems.
The Light Wavelength, Intensity, and Biasing Voltage Dependency of Dark and Photocurrent Density of Solution-Processed P3HT:PC61BM Photodetector for Sensing Application
Authors: Jhuma Farjana Akter , Harada Kentaro , Misran Muhamad Affiq Bin , Mo Hin-Wai , Fujimoto Hiroshi , Hattori Reiji
Published: August 2024

KThe promising possibility of organic photodetector (OPD) is emerging in the field of sensing applications for its tunable absorption range, flexibility, and large-scale fabrication abilities. In this work, we fabricated bulk heterojunction OPD with a device structure of glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ P3HT:PC61BM/Al by spin coating process and characterized the dark and photocurrent at different applied bias conditions for red, green, and blue incident LED light. OPD photocurrent density exhibited up to 2.5–3 orders higher magnitude compared to the dark current density at -1 V bias while it increased up to 3–4 orders at zero bias conditions for red, green, and blue lights showing an increasing trend higher voltage applied in the negative direction. Different OPD inner periphery shapes, OPD to LED distance, and OPD area were also considered to bring the variation in OPD dark and photocurrent, which can affect the on/off ratio of the OPD–LED hybrid system and is a critical phenomenon for any sensing application.
"Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Atlantal Posterior Arch Defects: A CBCT Analysis of 500 Italian Patients"
Authors: Macrì Monica , Alhotan Abdulaziz , Festa Mario , Rendina Fabiola , Festa Felice
Published: August 2024

Atlas Posterior Arch Deficiency (APAD) is a rare anatomical variation of the atlas vertebra that can be detected using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, classification, and clinical implications of APAD in an Italian cohort.
Ovarian Rejuvenation and Transvaginal Hydro Laparoscopy: An Added Value for Patients with Premature Ovarian Failure
Authors: Gordts Stephan , Gordts Sylvie , Campo Rudi
Published: August 2024

The term ovarian rejuvenation is used for treatments aiming to reactivate ovarian function in women suffering from premature ovarian insufficiency or women with poor ovarian response following ovarian stimulation treatments. Following Bologna criteria, patients with poor ovarian response (POR) are those patients with at least one previous stimulated cycle with POR, are of advanced maternal age, and have an abnormal ovarian reserve. Patients with at least 3 failed IVF cycles due to poor ovarian response (POR) and patients with POF with amenorrhea for at least 6 months, low estradiol, and high concentrations of LH and FSH were referred for ovarian PRP treatment. Out of 190 procedures, 15 were performed using the THL as there was an inaccurate visibility by vaginal ultrasound. Under direct visualization, PRP was injected in each ovary using a 19G needle. In the 53 patients referred for IVF, an embryo transfer was possible in 40% of the started cycles (n=21); the pregnancy rate per transfer was 52% with a live birth rate of 24%. The access to the pelvis by the THL enabled a direct visualization of both ovaries allowing a correct injection. Due to maternal age, patients should be informed of the elevated risks of 40% - 50% of biochemical pregnancies or miscarriages.
Comparative Analysis Between Using Google Meet and Gather Town Video Conferencing Platforms Viewed from User Experience Using meCUE Questionnaire on Students
Authors: Kusumawati Nuur Roofiah , Efendi Agus , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative results between using the Google Meet and Gather Town video conferencing platforms in terms of user experience using the meCUE questionnaire on students. This research is quantitative research with descriptive analysis and uses comparative study research methods. The data source of this research is High School in Malang. Sampling was taken randomly without regard to the strata in the population (simple random sampling) so that 4 classes consisting of 35 students were obtained. This research data collection technique adapts from a questionnaire instrument to assess the user experience of a service product such as a website or application. The meCUE questionnaire was created based on the Component model of User Experience (CUE) compiled by Thuering & Mahlke. The results of the data obtained through the meCUE questionnaire on the Google Meet and Gather Town video conferencing platform applications will be analysed so as to obtain results that can show the comparison of the two applications. The meCUE questionnaire provides automatic calculations using Microsoft Excel. Based on this research, it can be concluded as follows: (1) The Gather Town application has a better User Experience assessment than the Google Meet application. The overall indicator results on the Gather Town application show an average value of 4.6 where the value is higher than the Google Meet application with an average value of 3.3, (2) There is a difference between using the Google Meet and Gather Town video conferencing platforms in terms of User Experience using the meCUE Questionnaire for students (Sig. = 0.000 <0.05), (3) Google Meet and Gather Town platforms have their respective weaknesses and advantages that can be used alternately according to the learning method used by the teacher. The results of this study can be used as a reference in choosing video conferencing applications to be more effective and optimal in the learning process.
ANALISIS USER EXPERIENCE PADA USER INTERFACE APLIKASI UJIAN ESAI BERBASIS WEB PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK INFORMATIKA DAN KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA
Authors: Imelsara Wijatmoko  , Hamidillah Ajie  , Murien Nugraheni
Published: August 2024

Program studi Pendidikan Teknik Informatika dan Komputer (PTIK) Universitas Negeri Jakarta menerapkan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh karena dosen dengan mahasiswanya tidak bertemu secara tatap muka. Selama proses evaluasi berlangsung secara online, dosen menemukan beberapa hambatan. Hambatan yang terjadi karena adanya perubahan bentuk pelaksanaan evaluasi diantaranya koneksi yang buruk, mahasiswa telat bergabung, dan mahasiswa yang kurang responsif. Dengan dikembangkannya Aplikasi Ujian Esai PTIK UNJ, diharapkan dapat memberikan kenyamanan dan kemudahan dalam proses evaluasi perkuliahan yang dilakukan oleh dosen dan mahasiswa program studi PTIK UNJ. Sehingga, proses evaluasi perkuliahan pun dapat dilakukan secara lebih efektif dan efisien. Dalam mengembangkan sebuah UI berbasis web, dukungan bagi perancang untuk memastikan web yang dibangun sudah dapat digunakan dengan baik oleh pengguna yaitu dengan melakukan analisis usability. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah System Usability Scale (SUS). Dari analisis menggunakan SUS didapatkan skor sebesar 84,35. Skor SUS ini mengindikasikan bahwa aplikasi “Acceptable” dalam kategori acceptability. Berdasarkan kategori adjective rating, aplikasi ini mendapatkan hasil “Excellent”. Selain itu, untuk kategori grade scale menggunakan Curved Grade Scale (CGS), Aplikasi Ujian Esai PTIK UNJ mendapatkan grade A+. Hasil ini dianalisis berdasarkan data dari perwakilan dosen dan mahasiswa PTIK UNJ dengan proporsi 13,04% untuk responden dosen dan 86,96% untuk responden mahasiswa. Aplikasi Ujian Esai PTIK UNJ cukup memuaskan dalam tanggapan kognitif dan emosional yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan aplikasi karena telah memenuhi kebutuhan serta harapan dosen dan mahasiswa PTIK UNJ.
Plano de aula: indicação de transfusão de concentrados de hemácias para estudantes e residentes de Medicina
Authors: Araujo Amanda , Garcia Rosamaria , Brunetto Marcel
Published: August 2024

A transfusão de concentrados de hemácias requer conhecimentos técnicos sólidos e faz parte de uma avaliação complexa pelo médico, não só dos níveis de hemoglobina, mas do cenário clínico como um todo. A educação em medicina transfusional respaldada pela prática baseada em evidências é o alicerce de uma tomada de decisão segura e científica. A educação em medicina transfusional apresenta lacunas no ensino médico conforme estudos recentes. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um plano de aula sobre a indicação de transfusão de concentrados de hemácias para estudantes de Medicina. A elaboração do plano de aula foi realizada por meio da metodologia ativa, baseada em revisão de literatura e em estudo retrospectivo de análise de fichas de requisições de procedimentos hemoterápicos. Os resultados encontrados tanto na revisão de literatura e quanto no estudo retrospectivo demonstram que as transfusões foram realizadas sem respaldo científico, 40,6% dos pacientes foram transfundidos mesmo sem apresentar indicação transfusional. A indicação da transfusão de concentrado de hemácias é o resultado de uma avaliação complexa, alcançada com a educação médica em medicina transfusional e capacitação profissional durante a graduação. Os resultados deste estudo podem ser indicados como parte do referencial teórico para elaboração de planos educacionais, ementas curriculares e atividades didáticas na área de medicina transfusional.
N-CADHERIN+/CD168- subpopulation determines therapeutic variations of UC-MSCs for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction
Authors: Wu Yukang , Li Jianguo , Feng Ke , Tan Ailing , Gao Yingying , Chen Wen , Jia Wenwen , Guo Xudong , Kang Jiuhong
Published: August 2024

Background The efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating myocardial infarction (MI) remains inconsistent, which limits their therapeutic applications. Therefore, exploring the mechanism for the inconsistent efficacy of MSCs and identification the criteria for screening MSCs are important for improving the efficiency of MSCs.Methods Mouse model after myocardial infarction was utilized to test the role of MSCs from different donor in improving cardiac function. Heterogeneity of MSCs was identified using scRNA-seq of MSC-GY, GSEA and Scissor analyses were used to find the functional subpopulations of MSCs that promote angiogenesis. The role of functional subpopulations in promoting angiogenesis was verified by detecting the secretome proteins, the ratio of N-CADHERIN+/CD168− subpopulations in MSCs, and the tube formation, migration, and proliferation of HUVECs after treatment with conditional medium (CM) derived from different MSCs.Results We found that UC-MSCs from different donors have varied therapeutic efficacy in MI mice and UC-MSCs with higher therapeutic effectiveness exhibited the most potent pro-angiogenic effects by secreting elevated levels of angiogenesis-related proteins, such as MYDGF, VEGFA, and FGF2. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of 10,463 UC-MSCs revealed that the N-cadherin+/CD168− subpopulation was closely associated with pro-angiogenic effects, and the ratio of this cell subpopulation was positively correlated with the angiogenic potential of MSCs.Conclusions Our study identified that the N-CADHERIN+/CD168− subpopulation was the functional subpopulation of MSCs in treating MI, which is essential for the development and utilization of MSCs in MI treatment.
Production of Xylo-oligosaccharides from Corncob Using High Efficiency Xylanase from Trichoderma harzianum 4FR8
Authors: Chaiyates Ravinan , Mahakhan Polson , Sawaengkaew Jutaporn
Published: August 2024

Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are oligosaccharides components derived from hemicelluloses. Classified as non-digestible sugars, XOS can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract, thereby contributing to human health; XOS have been widely used in industry as a prebiotic. Therefore, this research investigated optimizing the conditions for xylanase and XOS production using corncob and wheat bran. The parameters investigated included pH, moisture content, and incubation time. Purified xylanase with ammonium sulfate used an optimum fraction of 40–60%, dialysis, and column chromatography (DEAE-cellulose). The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was 18 kDa. The purified enzyme remained at over 80% relative activity at 40 min at the optimal temperature. The Km and Vmax values using beechwood xylan were 6.57 mg.mL− 1 and 18,298.26 U.mg− 1 respectively. XOS produced through xylanase hydrolysis of corncob exhibited the ability to promote the growth of probiotic strains Lactobacillus lactis TISTR1464 and Bifidobacterium bifidum TISTR2129, suggesting its potential application in prebiotic development. These findings highlight the feasibility of utilizing sustainable agricultural residues like corncob for the production of prebiotic XOS via an enzymatic approach. This enzymatically derived product demonstrates potential for various commercial applications, with particular viability for the food and nutraceutical industries.
Autonomous AI for diabetic eye disease at primary care improves ophthalmic access for at-risk patients
Authors: Liu T.Y. Alvin , Leong Ariel , Wolf Risa , Channa Roomasa , Wang Jiangxia , Lehmann Harold , Abramoff Michael
Published: August 2024

We examined which subgroups of patients benefit the most from deployment of autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) for diabetic eye disease (DED) testing at primary care clinics through improved patient access to ophthalmic care. Patients (n = 3,745) were referred to ophthalmology either via standard of care (primary care provider placed a referral) or AI (referral was made after a positive or non-diagnostic autonomous AI result). Both groups presented with good vision (median best-corrected visual acuity BCVA of worse-seeing eye was Snellen 20/25), without significant difference in the presenting BCVA between both groups. BCVA was not associated with the referral pathway in multivariable regression analysis. However, patients from the AI referral pathway were more likely to be Black (p < 0.001) and have hypertension (p = 0.001), suggesting that deployment of autonomous AI is associated with improved ophthalmic access for patients with a higher baseline risk for poor DED outcome before vision loss has occurred.
Zinc Bioaccumulation in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) Across Urban and Rural Areas of Meknes, Morocco: A Marker of Environmental Pollution
Authors: Haddadi Youssef , Chahlaoui Abdelkader , Taouraout Aziz , Ichennarn Imane , Belkhiri Abdelkhalek
Published: August 2024

This study examines zinc (Zn) bioaccumulation in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) across different urban and rural zones of Meknes, Morocco, to evaluate its role as an indicator of environmental pollution. Fifty adult house sparrows were collected from five sites: an industrial zone (IZ), Meknes Town Centre (TC), Sidi Said Bus Station (SS), Fez-Meknes Main Road (MR), and a rural site (Ref). Zinc concentrations in the liver, kidneys, heart, brain, feathers, bones, lungs, and blood were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results showed high zinc concentrations in the liver (111.43 ± 4.25 µg/g) and kidneys (56.68 ± 3.50 µg/g) of the industrial zone, and significant levels in the rural zone. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences between the sites. House sparrows proved to be effective bioindicators of zinc pollution, reflecting the variability of environmental contamination between urban and rural areas.
Evaluating the Need and Feasibility of Micro Irrigation Systems for Sustainable Irrigation
Authors: Chourasia Sandeep Kumar , Chhetri Suzan Karkee , Pandey Ashish
Published: August 2024

Irrigation plays a vital role in the sustainability of agriculture and the improvement of farm yields. Although the Indian government has made substantial investments in developing irrigation projects, there remains a significant gap between the created irrigation potential and its utilization due to losses in canal conveyance and inefficient conventional irrigation methods in the canal command. Most modernization works are focussed on implementing micro irrigation for tube well irrigation systems, a problem since 64% of Indian districts experienced a water table decline between 2002 and 2016. With this in mind, the present study examines the command area of Gadarjudda minor of the Upper Ganga Canal in Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, India, to assess the necessity and viability of micro irrigation in the canal command area. The evaluation is done by evaluating the current canal status, designing the gravity flow piped irrigation network, and conducting a social survey to determine farmers' willingness, awareness, and purchasing capacity toward adopting micro irrigation systems on their farms. High conveyance loss, erratic water distribution, and poor maintenance highlight the importance of micro irrigation in the study area. The profile of the minor canal is sufficient to allow gravity flow in the pipe network, with velocity and pressure head within the permissible limits. A social survey revealed that farmers showed a high level of willingness to adopt microirrigation, but a low purchasing capacity discourages its adoption. For the canal water fed micro irrigation system in Gadarjudda minor government support, awareness among farmers, active participation of farmers Associations, and piped irrigation network are deemed mandatory.
Exploring the Toxicity and Antiresorptive Activity of a Diterpene from Egletes viscosa (L.) less. in Mice: in silico and in vivo Studies
Authors: de Sousa Iara Lais Lima , de Melo Iracema Matos , Freire Jordania Marques de Oliveira , Lima Andreia Silva , Pimenta Antonia Torres Ávila , Lima Mary Anne Sousa , Mesquita River Jordan Oliveira , Luciano João Henrique Silva , Costa José Jackson do Nascimento , Goes Paula , Leitão Renata Ferreira de Carvalho , Ferreira Vanessa Costa de Sousa , Pereira Karuza Maria Alves , Braz Helyson Lucas Bezerra , Chaves Hellíada Vasconcelos , Bezerra Mirna Marques
Published: August 2024

Egletes viscosa (macela) is known for its gastroprotective properties in traditional medicine in Brazil. Herein, we evaluated the toxicity and antiresorptive activity of 12-acetoxyhawtriwaic acid lactone (12-AHAL), a diterpene obtained from E. viscosa. 12-AHAL has been demonstrated to have biological effects which might be important during periodontitis, a bone disorder. Molecular docking studies analyzed ADMT-Tox properties of 12-AHAL and evaluated its binding performance against targets associated with bone loss. Periodontitis was induced by a ligature around the mandibular first molars. The mice received (gavage) 12-AHAL (12.5; 25; 50 mg/kg) for 14d. Bone loss was assessed through morphometric and histometric analysis. Picrosirius Red staining was performed in mandible sections. We investigated in gingival tissues by RT-qPCR RANK-L/OPG and catalase mRNA expression levels, and by colorimetric assay catalase and superoxide dismutase-SOD activities. The in vivo toxicity of 12-AHAL was evaluated. In silico assays suggested good oral bioavailability and hepatotoxicity, and the interactions of 12-AHAL with RANKL/OPG and catalase showed firm bonds. In in vivo experiments, 12-AHAL reduced bone loss. Although 12-AHAL (25 or 50 mg/kg) produced liver and renal toxicity, 12-AHAL (12.5 mg/kg) showed no signs of toxicity, increased collagen type I, reduced RANK-L mRNA levels and increased OPG and catalase mRNA levels, and enhanced catalase and SOD activities. 12-AHAL (12.5 mg/kg) was safe and had anti-resorptive effects during periodontitis in mice, showing antioxidant activity with the involvement of the RANK-L/OPG pathway. These findings point to a novel application for E. viscosa and highlights the need for cautious utilization of medicinal plants.
The MYB transcription factor PpMYB5 regulates Pp4CL1/Pp4CL2 expression to promote lignin biosynthesis of fruit russeting in the flat nectarine
Authors: Miao Yule , Duan Wenyi , Li Ang , Meng Junren , Wang Hongmei , Pan Lei , Sun Shihang , Cui Guochao , Shi Caiyun , Niu Liang , Zeng Wenfang
Published: August 2024

Nectarine russeting is usually considered to be a non-invasive physiological disease that usually occurs on late maturing cultivars and seriously affects their appearance quality and commercial value. The cause of nectarine fruit rust is currently unknown. In this study, we compared two flat nectarine cultivars, ‘zhongyoupanweidi’ (HD; russeting-free cultivar) and ‘zhongyoupanweihou’ (TH; russeting-prone cultivar), with respect to nectarine russeting by means of microscopy, transcriptomics, and hormone analysis. Compared to HD fruits, TH fruits had a broken cuticle, missing wax layer, and heavy lignin deposition. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed significant alternations in expression of genes related to lignin synthesis. Moreover, structure genes Pp4CL1 and Pp4CL2, MYB transcription factor (TF) gene PpMYB5 were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Molecular experiments and transgenic evidence suggested that PpMYB5 regulates Pp4CL1/Pp4CL2expression to promote lignin synthesis. Overall, in addition to providing new insights into the formation of mechanism for nectarine russeting, our study also establishes a foundation for nectarine russeting prevention.
The genetic control of resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in resistant tomato genotypes is determined by different genes
Authors: Costa Djayran Sobral , Souza Elineide Barbosa , Carvalho Rejane Rodrigues Costa e , Costa Ester da Silva , Silva Adriano Márcio Freire e , Costa Kleyton Danilo da Silva , Filho José Luiz Sandes de Carvalho , Varjão Luís Felipe Barbosa
Published: August 2024

The tomato crop is one of the most studied fruit vegetables when it comes to genetics and breeding, with the aim of developing future cultivars that meet the needs of farmers and the consumer market. One of these needs is resistance to soil-borne diseases such as bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes major economic losses. One of the first steps in obtaining new cultivars is to determine the genetic control of their characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the Ralstonia solanacearum resistance loci of two resistant tomato genotypes are the same or not, based on an inheritance study. To this end, F1, F2, BC11 and BC21 generations were evaluated in one experiment, and 60 F2:3 progenies were evaluated in a second experiment. In both experiments, the genitors Yoshimatsu and Hawaii 7996 were used as a control. A descriptive rating scale was used to evaluate all the treatments. The main result was that the genetic control of resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in the two resistant tomato genotypes is determined by different genes. Two recessive genes were found in Yoshimatsu and one in Hawaii 7996.
Dynamics of Heavy Metals in the Blood of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) Across Different Urban Habitats in Meknes, Morocco
Authors: Haddadi Youssef , Chahlaoui Abdelkader , Taouraout Aziz , Belkhiri Abdelkhalek
Published: August 2024

This study examines the accumulation of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, and zinc) in the blood of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) across various urban habitats in Meknes, Morocco. Fifty adult sparrows were captured from five distinct sites, including industrial, high-traffic, and rural areas. Blood samples were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Results show significant variations in heavy metal concentrations depending on the site. The highest levels were found in the industrial zone, with lead (Pb) at 336.02 µg/L, cadmium (Cd) at 12.28 µg/L, and zinc (Zn) at 1736.09 µg/L. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means clustering revealed three distinct pollution clusters: Cluster 0 (high Zn, low Pb and Cd), Cluster 1 (moderate levels of all metals), and Cluster 2 (high levels of all metals). These findings highlight the ecological and health risks associated with urban pollution and the value of house sparrows as effective bioindicators.
Occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in urban surface water sources in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. M. Majedul , Islam Md. Atikul , Neela Farzana Ashrafi , Hasanuzz Abul Farah Md.
Published: August 2024

Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) result in thousands of human deaths annually worldwide. Surface waters are impacted by anthropogenic factors, which contribute to the emergence and spread of ARB in the aquatic environment. There has been a notable lack of study on antibiotic resistance in surface water, particularly in developing nations like Bangladesh, where antibiotics are widely consumed and are not disposed properly. In this study, bacteria strains isolated from three rivers and two lakes in Khulna city, Bangladesh were characterized for their antibiotic resistance using disc diffusion method. Overall, of 56 isolates of bacteria from samples of the surface water sources, most were resistant to Ciprofloxacine (75.0–87.5%) and Ceftriaxone (65.6–78.1%). Ampicillin showed (9.4–18.8%) a comparatively lower resistance rate than that of Ciprofloxacine and Ceftriaxone. The prevalence of ARB was observed to be higher during the wet seasons compared to the dry seasons. The 16S rRNA gene analysis showed that Shigella flexneri was dominant (17.9%) in surface water followed by Escherichia fergusonii (12.5%), Proteus mirabilis (10.7%) and Enterobacter quasihormaechei (8.9%). The genus level analysis showed that Enterobacter (23.5%), Shigella (20.6%), and Escherichia spp (14.7%) were found most abundant both in the rivers and lakes water. The findings of this study underscore the urgent need for routine surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in surface water sources nationwide, as well as the implementation of safe disposal practices for antibiotics utilized in healthcare, animal husbandry, and aquaculture.
Risky Weapon Carrying Behaviors, Youth Violence, and Substance Use Among Young Black Males in Chicago: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Emezue Chuka N. , Bishop-Royse Jessica , Udmuangpia Tipparat , Dan-Irabor Dale , Anakwe Adaobi , Julion Wrenetha A. , Karnik Niranjan S.
Published: August 2024

Objectives
. The study evaluates the prevalence of risky weapon-carrying behaviors (WCB) among YBM in Chicago and examines their associations with various forms of direct and vicarious violence—youth violence, community violence, and partner abuse—as well as substance use and substance-related aggression.
Methods
. We performed Pearson Chi-square tests and multivariable negative binomial regression analysis on cross-sectional data from 266 violence-involved young Black males (YBM) in Chicago. This data was collected using a modified version of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Our dependent variable, weapon-carrying behavior, was measured by the frequency of weapon carrying, including items such as guns, knives, and clubs, over the past year.
Results
. In a sample of 266 YBM (ages 15–24, 99% African American), the mean age was 18.32 ± 3.10 years, and 42.7% had some high school education. The 30-day weapon-carrying incidence was 17.3%, with 19.1% threatening someone with a weapon ≥ 2–3 times in the past year. About one-third engaged in partner violence (30.4%), primarily psychological (36.7%) and physical (28.3%) abuse. Approximately 64.8% experienced some form of violence or aggression in the past year, and 76.4% witnessed community violence. Over 20.8% reported binge drinking, and 43.6% engaged in illicit drug use, with 37.2% participating in or initiating violent acts following alcohol or drug consumption. Negative binomial regression results revealed that exposure to direct and vicarious violence, along with substance use, significantly increased the likelihood of carrying weapons. Specific risk factors such as recent threats or injuries, witnessing violence, involvement in physical altercations, and substance-related aggression significantly predict WCB. Age and relationship dynamics also critically influence these behaviors. Additionally, for each year of age, the risk for WCB increased by 22%.
Conclusions
. This study identified significant associations between different types of violence, substance use, and risky WCB among YBM in Chicago. The results underscore the need for comprehensive, culturally sensitive, multifaceted interventions addressing both individual and psychosocial factors behind risky WCB. These interventions are crucial for reducing gun violence and improving urban community safety, offering vital data to inform policies and interventions for youth protection in similar environments.
Loss of Sirtuin 7 impairs cell motility and proliferation and enhances S-phase cell arrest after 5-fluorouracil treatment in head and neck cancer
Authors: Halasa Marta , Afshan Syeda , Wawruszak Anna , Borkowska Agata , Brodaczewska Klaudia , Przybyszewska-Podstawka Alicja , Kalafut Joanna , Baran Marzena , Stepulak Andrzej , Nees Matthias
Published: August 2024

Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), a member of the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, plays a vital role in cancer, exhibiting context-dependent functions across various malignancies. Our study investigates the role of SIRT7 depletion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) progression. In vitro and 3D organotypic models demonstrated that SIRT7 knock-out attenuates cancer cell viability, proliferation, and motility as well as induces downregulation of migration- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression. Moreover, the SIRT7 loss potentiates slower organoid formation and less invasive organoid morphology, validated by vimentin downregulation. The SIRT7 loss potentiates S-phase arrest in cell cycle progression after 5-FU treatment and elevates the ratio of dead cells. Additionally, SIRT7 deletion reduces the expression of G1 phase-associated proteins, Cyclin D and CDK4. Altogether, our study highlights SIRT7 as a promising therapeutic target in HNSCC, enhancing the effectiveness of treatment modalities such as combinational treatment.
Efficacy of a one-week digitally delivered attachment priming and mindfulness practice intervention for improving stress, insomnia, and emotion regulation in university students: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stevenson Jodie C. , Matthews Meghann , Akram Umair
Published: August 2024

Despite existing wellbeing services, university students remain particularly vulnerable to mental health difficulties. Recently, mindfulness-based practice and attachment security priming paradigms are evidenced to improve psychological wellbeing. This study comparatively examined immediate and sustained therapeutic potential of a digitally delivered repeated attachment priming and mindfulness-based practice protocol in improving student mental health deployed over a one-week period. Using a randomised controlled design, N=122 UK undergraduate students were equally allocated to one of three conditions: repeated security priming, mindfulness practice, or waitlist control. After completing measures of perceived stress, insomnia, and emotion regulation at baseline, experimental treatment groups completed five consecutive days of attachment priming or mindfulness-based practice. All groups completed the same questionaries: on immediate completion of day five (T2); four weeks post-completion (T3). Relative to controls, students receiving treatment displayed significant improvements in perceived stress, insomnia symptoms, emotion regulation, and drop-out intention at T3 compared to baseline. Attachment priming yielded the most promising improvements compared to mindfulness-based practice. We add to the literature emphasizing the need for improvements and novel therapeutic additions to current practices of counselling and student support services in higher education. Here, digital delivery of mindfulness practice and attachment priming may serve as an adjunct or standalone alternate for institutions failing to provide students with an adequate degree of support within a timely manner.
Effect of Soil Nonlinearity in Seismic Ground Response Analysis and Liquefaction Assessment of Kolkata Soil in India
Authors: Mallick Monirul , Mandal Kalyan Kumar , Sahu Ramendu Bikas
Published: August 2024

Soil response under earthquake loading is highly nonlinear even at low strain. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of soil non-linearity on seismic response of layered soil deposit under a considered bed rock motion. 1D effective stress-based ground response analysis has been conducted using the nonlinear finite element program Cyclic1D. Two different sites of Kolkata metropolitan city having two distinct soil formations such as Normal Kolkata Deposit (NKD) and River Channel Deposit (RCD) are selected for ground response analysis. Three different earthquake motions such as the 1940 Imperial Valley, 2001 Bhuj and 2011 Sikkim are used as input motions .The reliability of the present model is performed by comparing the results of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and its magnification factor profile with that predicted using SHAKE 2000 computer program based on equivalent linear approach. The results show that PGA at surface ranges from 0.109 g to 0.119 g for NKD soil and 0.072 g to 0.091 g for RCD soil. The range of variation of peak spectral acceleration for 5% damping ratio is 0.51 g to 0.67 g for NKD soil and 0.33 g to 0.46 g for RCD soil of Kolkata. The effects of fluctuation of ground water table and mildly-inclined infinite slope has also been studied. It is observed that properties of input earthquake motion, local site condition, topography and location of ground water table have profound influence on ground response. Further, liquefaction potential of Kolkata soil has been assessed using the results obtained from the present analysis. It is found that top 12 m of RCD soil is susceptible to liquefaction if these considered input earthquake motions are experienced at bedrock.
Aldosterone promotes calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells in mice through the AIF-1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Li Xin , Zhao Yingzi , Jiang GuoTao
Published: August 2024

Objective To examine the impact of aldosterone on calcification in murine vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via the Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF-1)/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Methods Mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured in vitro, and calcification was induced by treatment with aldosterone at a concentration of 100 nM. The level of calcification in mouse VSMCs was evaluated using colorimetric assays assessing the presence of ALP activity, and qRT-PCR identifying the expression of calcification-related markers such as RUNX2, α-SMA, OCN, and ALP mRNA. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein level of expression associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (LRP6, p-LRP6, GSK3β, p-GSK3β, β-catenin), as well as AIF-1. Plasmid transfection techniques were utilized to either knock down or overexpress AIF-1, and the subsequent alterations in these markers were observed.
Results (1) Comparing the aldosterone treatment group with the control group, the ALP activity increased significantly. In conjunction with this increase, RUNX2, OCN, and ALP mRNA levels increased, as did LRP6, p-LRP6, GSK3, p-GSK3, -catenin, and AIF-1 protein levels. Additionally, an important decrease in the expression of -SMA mRNA was observed (P< 0.05). (2) Comparing the aldosterone + oe-AIF-1 with the aldosterone + oe-NC group showed significant increases in the ALP activity, whereas the aldosterone + sh-AIF-1 showed significant decreases. (P< 0.05). (3) The aldosterone + oe-AIF-1 group exhibited significantly upregulated expression of AIF-1, p-LRP6/LRP6, p-GSK3β/GSK3β, and β-catenin proteins relative to the aldosterone + oe-NC group (P< 0.05). This was concurrent with increased mRNA expression of RUNX2, OCN, and ALP, and decreased α-SMA mRNA expression (P< 0.05).
Conclusion In the process of calcification, aldosterone affects mouse VSMCs, and AIF-1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation is the mechanism behind its action.
Tinnitus is associated with increased extracellular matrix density in the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils
Authors: Tziridis Konstantin , Maul Antonia , Rasheed Jwan , Krauss Patrick , Schilling Achim , Schulze Holger
Published: August 2024

Most scientist agree that subjective tinnitus is the pathological result of an interaction of damage to the peripheral auditory system and central neuroplastic adaptations. Here we investigate such tinnitus related adaptations in the primary auditory cortex (AC) 7 and 13 days after noise trauma induction of tinnitus by quantifying the density of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the AC of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). The ECM density has been shown to be relevant for neuroplastic processes and synaptic stability within the cortex. We utilized a mild monaural acoustic noise trauma in overall 22 gerbils to induce tinnitus and a sham exposure in 16 control (C) animals. Tinnitus was assessed by a behavioral response paradigm. Animals were separated for a presence (T) or absence (NT) of a tinnitus percept by a behavioral task. The ECM density 7 and 13 days after trauma was quantified using immunofluorescence luminance of Wisteria floribunda lectin-fluoresceine-5-isothiocyanate (WFA-FITC) on histological slices of the primary AC, relative to the non-auditory brainstem as a reference area. At both timepoints, we found that the WFA-FITC luminance of the AC of NT animals was not significantly different from that of C animals. However, we found a significant increase of luminance in T animals’ ACs compared to NT or C animals’ cortices. This effect was found exclusively on the AC side contralateral to the trauma ear. These results point to a hemisphere specific process of stabilization of synaptic connections in primary AC, which may be involved in the chronic manifestation of tinnitus.
Identifying Care Gaps and Referral Patterns in Acute Dermatology at Urgent Care Centers
Authors: Rahman Syed Minhaj , Bowden Acacia , Green Clayton B. , Pentland Alice P. , Richardson Christopher T. , DeBenedetto Anna , Plovanich Molly , Wolf Julie Ryan
Published: August 2024

Limited urgent access to board-certified dermatologists drives patients to seek dermatologic care at urgent care centers (UCC). UCC are staffed by clinicians with comparatively limited dermatology training, often resulting in lower quality care for acute dermatology conditions. This study investigates health care referral outcomes of patients seeking dermatologic care at UCC, examine the appropriateness of UCC dermatologic care, and assess the feasibility of referral management by eConsult. We utilize a retrospective cohort of 807 patients and a provider survey to examine referral outcomes of patients referred to University of Rochester Dermatology (UR-Derm), a tertiary care university-based teaching hospital, from UR UCC between January 1, 2021, and August 31, 2022. Outcomes for healthcare referrals included patient demographics, referral completion rates, UR-Derm appointment wait times, and diagnostic concordance rates between UCC and UR-Derm. Outcomes from the provider survey included appropriateness of UCC treatment plans, appropriateness of UCC referral to UR-Derm, and feasibility of referral management by eConsult. Patients who utilized UCC were predominately white (77.0%) females (53.9%) with a mean age of 37.9 years. Most patients referred by UCC did not complete an in-person UR-Derm evaluation (58.6%). Of those who did complete a UR-Derm visit, the average wait time was 38.3 days. Only 56% of UCC and UR-Derm diagnoses were concordant. Our surveyed dermatologists deemed 30% of the UCC treatment plans appropriate. The majority of referrals (83.5%) were viewed as manageable with an eConsult with only 10% of referrals requiring in-person visit. Several practice gaps exist in specialty care delivery in UCC and additional inefficiencies exist in the urgent referral process. These gaps could be addressed by targeted educational interventions and availability of dermatology consultation to support urgent care.
Is Education Level Associated with Polypharmacy Considering Socio-economic Factors? A cross-sectional survey of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project
Authors: Ghasemi Abolfazl , Gholamnia-Shirvani Zainab , Pourhadi Samaneh , Hosseini Seyed Reza , Bijani Ali , Ghadimi Reza
Published: August 2024

The elderly population is more prone to chronic diseases, leading to polypharmacy, influenced by various factors. This study examined the relationship between education, socio-economics, and polypharmacy. As part of the initial phase of a cohort on the health status of the elderly in Amirkola City (northern Iran) initiated in 2011, this descriptive-analytical study (2023) involved individuals aged 60 and above. A total of 400 elderly participants were selected through stratified random sampling. Data were collected from the cohort database via demographic, medication, and medical history questionnaires. The average number of medications used was 3.80 ± 0.04. No significant association was found between education and polypharmacy (P = 0.127); however, a trend was observed where increased education corresponded with fewer polypharmacy. The highest medication usage (4.46 ± 3.27) was observed among the illiterate elderly. No significant association was identified between education and polypharmacy when considering gender, occupation, income satisfaction, and marital status (P > 0.05); yet, the majority of individuals experiencing polypharmacy were men, housewives, or retirees, those with low-income satisfaction, and married. The level of education had no significant relationship with polypharmacy considering socio-economics, despite the fact that the more literate elderly had less polypharmacy. The reason for the mentioned results should be investigated in future studies.
Self-assembly of S,N-codoped Ce/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles for fluorescence and visual detection of hexavalent chromium
Authors: Yang Hanyu , Yang Kaijing , Tang Rong , Chen Hui , Liu Wei , Yang Xiupei
Published: August 2024

As a carcinogen, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) has attracted much attention for its quantitative detection. Herein, fluorescent S,N-codoped Cu/Ce-DAMP nanoparticles (S,N-codoped Cu/Ce NPs) were obtained by doping Ce2(SO4)3 in DAMP (4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine)-encapsulated Cu nanoclusters (Cu NCs) via a simple, rapid, hypothermic, green and energy-saving self-assembly synthesis method that can detect Cr(VI). The obtained Cu/Ce NPs exhibited double emission peaks at 470 nm and 610 nm. Based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect, the fluorescence emission at 610 nm is significant, and the quantum yield is as high as 20.19%. The fluorescence emission at 610 nm can be selectively quenched by Cr(VI) due to the internal filter effect (IFE) and dynamic quenching, while the weak fluorescence at 470 nm remains almost stable. Based on this, a fluorescence assay method for Cr(VI) was established, with good linearity in the concentration range of 0.5–120 µM and a detection limit (LOD) of 134 nM. Using a smartphone to take photos of the fluorescence signals of Cr(VI) solutions can achieve rapid visual detection, with a linear range of 10–130 µM and an LOD of 2.35 µM. The proposed method was successfully applied to the detection of Cr(VI) in actual water samples.
Terahertz Optical Sensor based on Helically Twisted Photonic Crystal Fiber for Toxic Gases Sensing
Authors: Sharif Vahid , Saberi Hana , Pakarzadeh Hassan
Published: August 2024

A helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) gas sensor composed of 12 hollow pipes around the core in the cladding region is proposed and examined in the 0.3-3.0 terahertz (THz) frequency range for sensing toxic gases. The suggested THz optical sensor has been designed and simulated using the finite-difference eigenmode (FDE) method. The sensor with one twist along 50 cm- fiber exhibits four frequency bands with very low loss and high detection percentage. For each frequency band of toxic gases with nG = 1.00, 1.02, 1.04, 1.06 and 1.08, the refractive index sensitivity of 1450, 2250, 3000, and 2550 GHz/RIU are obtained, respectively. Furthermore, transmission loss and figure of merit (FOM) have been obtained as 10-4-10-2 1/cm and 50 - 250 1/RIU, respectively. Finally, the proposed THz sensor is shown to be a very good candidate for sensing toxic gases owing to its high performance and simple structure.
Reduction of Anuran Richness Across Anthropogenically Altered Landscape in a Biodiverse Region
Authors: Kron Brian C. , Root Karen V.
Published: August 2024

Poor understanding of population locations of study species can limit the effectiveness of management and transferability of research results. Additionally, it is essential to understand landscape factors that are contributing to species diversity and population declines, if they are to be mitigated with conservation action. Anurans are the most threatened vertebrate taxa worldwide, as well as an excellent indicator taxa for conservation purposes. Species Distribution Modeling, using Maxent, provides an opportunity to map both population occurrence and elucidate landscape factors that impact Anuran populations, which in turn can help inform species/habitat conservation efforts. We utilized Maxent modeling and species occurrence from previous Anuran auditory surveying to identify population occurrence throughout our study region and determine which landscape variables affect species richness. We found that urban and suburban areas harbored a limited number of locations across the landscape that are suitable for greater Anuran richness. We found that the presence of cropland in the surrounding area was the factor that most negatively influenced species richness. Cropland was followed by the amount of urban landcover and the amount of impervious surface. Swamp forest and greater NDVI were the variables that most consistently related to an increase in species richness or presence of a specific species, though their model contributions were generally far lower than aforementioned negative influential variables. This framework can be applied to any area with suitable landcover maps with Anurans present, and can also be used, via using Anurans as indicators, to identify locations for habitat and species conservation.