bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology for assessing the control system of aircraft weapons in the process of aiming controlled aircraft weapons equipped with optelectronic homing heads
Authors: Сафтли Ф.Х.А. , Баланян С.Т.
Published: May 2022

Рассматривается повышение эффективности боевого применения управляемой авиационной ракеты класса «воздух – поверхность» по полученным целеуказаниям с беспилотного летательного аппарата, позволяющее на больших расстояниях автоматически решать задачи поиска, обнаружения и распознавания целей в условиях реального масштаба времени при сложной фоноцелевой обстановке в зоне боевых действий, тем самым уменьшая риск попадания самолета-носителя в зону действия ПВО противника. Разработана оптимизированная архитектура сверточной нейронной сети для сегментации изображений и распознавания наземных целей в оптико-электронной системе беспилотного летательного аппарата, а также разработанный алгоритм автоматического распознавания наземной цели искусственной нейронной сетью в телевизионной головке самонаведения управляемых авиационных средств поражения класса «воздух – поверхность». Проведено аналитическое сравнительное исследование по вероятности поражения наземной цели типа танка между разработанными алгоритмами автоматического распознавания наземной цели и использованием визуального (оптического) обнаружения и распознавания наземной цели летчиком (штурманом) при разных значениях средней интенсивности потока огневого воздействия ракет противовоздушной обороны противника. Осуществлена программная реализация алгоритмов автоматического распознавания наземной цели и обучения оптимизированной нейронной сети с использованием объектно ориентированного языка программирования Matlab.

This article discusses the increase in the effectiveness of the combat use of an air-to-surface guided missile based on the received target designations from an unmanned aerial vehicle, which makes it possible to automatically solve the tasks of searching, detecting and recognizing targets in real time conditions at large distances in a complex background-target situation in the combat zone actions, thereby reducing the risk of the carrier aircraft falling into the enemy air defense coverage area. An optimized architecture of a convolutional neural network has been developed for image segmentation and ground target recognition in the optoelectronic system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, as well as an algorithm for automatic recognition of a ground target by an artificial neural network in a television homing head of controlled air-to-surface weapons. An analytical comparative study was carried out on the probability of hitting a ground target such as a tank between the developed algorithms for automatic recognition of a ground target and the use of visual (optical) detection and recognition of a ground target by a pilot (navigator) at different values of the average intensity of the flow of fire from enemy air defense missiles. The software implementation of algorithms for automatic recognition of a ground target and training of an optimized neural network using the object-oriented programming language Matlab has been implemented.
TEXT- AND MEANING-FORMING POTENTIAL OF QUANTIFIER DETERMINANTS IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH GUIDEBOOK
Authors: Тупкалова Л.Ю.
Published: May 2022

Рассматриваются различные определения текста. С формированием антропоцентрической парадигмы в центре внимания лингвистического анализа оказались человек и его существование в культуре, то есть языковая личность во всем ее многообразии: «Я-физическое», «Я-социальное», «Я-интеллектуальное», «Я-эмоциональное», «Я-речемыслительное» – отражается в литературном тексте как в продукте деятельности человека. Также рассматривается смысло- и текстообразующий потенциал четырех групп кванторных детерминантов (русских и английских) в каждой из частей туристического путеводителя (русского и английского).

This paper examines diff erent defi nitions of text and meaning. With the formation of anthropocentric paradigm the focus of linguistic analysis is the human being and its existence in culture. I.e. linguistic personality in all its diversity: “I-physical”, “I-social”, “I-intellectual”, “I-emotional”, “I-reasoning” is refl ected in the literary text as a product of human activity. The paper also examines the senseand text-forming potential of the 4 groups of quantifi er determinants (Russian and English) in each of the parts of the tourist guide (Russian and English).
ON THE QUESTION OF THE FIGURA TIVE MEANING OF BORROWINGS
Authors: Хабибрахманова А.Р.
Published: May 2022

Начало XXI века – время существенных преобразований в русском языке и непосредственно в  лексике. Лексикон языка пополняется не только за счет новых слов, но и  за счет полисемии. Приведен анализ переносных значений иноязычной лексики, заимствованной русским языком в последние десятилетия. Сделаны выводы о природе переносного значения.

The beginning of the XXI century is a time of signifi cant transformations in the Russian language and directly in the vocabulary. The lexicon of the language is replenished not only by new words, but also by polysemy. The article analyzes the fi gurative meanings of foreign language vocabulary borrowed by the Russian language in recent decades. Conclusions are drawn about the nature of the figurative meaning.
Altruistas de vidas precarias: ganadoras de Premios a la Virtud en Chile (1912-1940)
Authors: Gaete Jorge L.
Published: May 2022

Este artículo analiza a las chilenas pobres que se hicieron acreedoras de Premios a la Virtud, galardones que el filántropo Manuel Arriarán estipuló en su testamento para recompensar, con dinero, a aquellas personas destacadas por sus constantes expresiones caritativas. El estudio, construido con algunas postulaciones de ganadoras y con las sesiones de la entidad administradora de esta iniciativa, la Junta de Beneficencia de Santiago, aborda sus orígenes históricos, características e implementación en el país. Se mostrará que estas mujeres representaban el conjunto de valores que Arriarán quiso celebrar, y también, al analizar sus testimonios, se verá que su pobreza tuvo orígenes disímiles a pesar de compartir requisitos para aspirar a estos galardones. Con ello, la investigación apunta a que futuros estudios sigan ahondando en las prácticas y símbolos existentes en torno a los Premios a la Virtud de Chile.
Pasja (nie)utajona – niepełnosprawny jako „ciekawy człowiek” – podróżnik, pasjonat
Authors: Jurga Laura
Published: May 2022

Not everyone has to have a passion in life but to live life with passion is possible for everyone. To live one’s life to its fullness is to see the beauty in everyday life and experience a sense of accomplishment and joy. Living such a life is possible despite everyday life difficulties. It is also possible for people with disabilities and their families. However, certain conditions must be in place live such a life. First, the current support system for people with disabilities needs to be improved because instead of providing support, paradoxically, it contributes to a system of exclusion. Secondly, change in social mentality is needed. It is also important that the aim of any rehabilitation process of persons with disabilities is to help them reach their optimal level of independence in daily living and decision making. This rehabilitation process should also be applied in schools and in local communities that have a responsibility to educate and teach life skills. Parents of people with disabilities also need a support system that will help them recognize their child’s distinctiveness and later adulthood. It is not ruled out that during the self-development process, parents may discover their own passions and interests.
Status of Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendations by the Farmers of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Murugan K. , Sivagnanam K. Jothi
Published: May 2022

Background: Fertilizers are one of the major inputs of agriculture to increase crop production. In India, fertilizer consumption had increased over a period of four decades. There is an increase in demand for food and this in turn increases the demand for fertilizers. The increase in food production is due to use of proper inputs like fertilizers, quality seeds and pesticides. The fertilizer consumption in India increased from 65.6 thousand metric tons in 1950-51 to 26,593.4 MT in 2017-18. However, the fertilizer use in India has many problems. Firstly, it is imbalanced in terms of NPK. Secondly, there is a wide variation in the amount of fertilizer in different state. Methods: Primary data were collected from two districts namely Thiruvannamalai and Thanjavur of Tamil Nadu. In each of the two districts, two representative blocks namely, Cheyyar, Kalasapakkam in Thiruvannamalai district and Thanjavur and Orrathanadu in Thanjavur district were taken for the study. In each district, 120 farmers (60 in each block) from the list of soil tested farmers were drawn at purposive farmers from households with different land sizes. In addition, 60 control (non-soil tested) farmers (30 in each block) were selected in each purposive farmer from households amongst general rice and groundnut growing cultivators. Result: Nearly three-fourths (72 per cent) of the farmers getting their soils tested in the present study belonged to the small (47 per cent) and medium (25 per cent) categories of landholdings. All farmers have to travel long distance for soil test incurring sizable transportation cost. Generally, in Thanjavur district, soil test farmers have been travelling long distance from their farm to Aduthurai, where the soil test laboratory is located at a distance of 50-60 kms. There is no soil test laboratory in Thiruvannamalai district, hence, the farmers have to travel to the neighbouring district of Trichirapalli. The soil tested farmers travel from Vembakkam and Mamandur to Thiruvannamalai where the laboratory is located and the average distance is about 80-100 km. Nearly half of the paddy farmers and nearly, two-thirds of the groundnut growers expressed the view that the soil test has an important role in increasing crop yield. Almost half of the paddy farmers and one-third of the groundnut farmers did not how to take a soil sample from their farm land, whereas, another half of paddy farmers and one-third of groundnut growers reported that they did not know whom to approach in this regard. These are the major reasons cited for non-participation in the soil test process.
Weed Management in Oilseeds-A Holistic Perspective: A Review
Authors: Unnikrishnan Dhanu , Raj Sheeja K. , Babu C.S. Arunima
Published: May 2022

Weeds are the major biological constraint in oilseed crops. Yield loss in oilseeds vary from 20 to 77 per cent, depending on the crop, intensity of weed infestation, duration of crop competition, soil and climatic factors. Weed interference, not only reduces the seed yield, but also reduces the oil yield and quality. Critical period of weed control in oilseeds are generally from 15 to 45 DAS. Weed removal during the critical period is essential to reduce the yield loss. Hike in wage rate and phytotoxicity of herbicides calls for an integrated approach for weed management in oilseeds. Instead of relying on a single method, a holistic approach which involves the adoption of cultural/mechanical/biological/chemical methods is essential to keep the weeds below the threshold level for higher yield, productivity and net returns in oilseed crops.
Effect of Pre-partum Supplementation of Vitamin E and Selenium on Post-partum Reproductive and Productive Performance in Dairy Cows
Authors: Ali R. , Fazili M.R. , Ganie A.A. , Hamadani H. , Parrah J.D. , Haq S.A. , Shah A.A. , Beigh A.B. , Dar A.A. , Reshi P.A.
Published: May 2022

Background: The study was planned to determine the effect of oral supplementation of vitamin E and Selenium on productive and reproductive performance in 40 Jersey cows and consequent effect on the growth of their progeny (calves). Methods: The experimental animals were divided into two homogenous groups (A and B). Animals in group A were given Vitamin E (200 mg) and Selenium (10 mg) daily orally; 250 days onwards prepartum for 21 days. The cows belonging to the group B were not provided these supplements and served as untreated control group. Result: Group A animals took significantly (P less than 0.01) less (2/3) time than those included in Group B for expulsion of the placenta. Additionally, lesser number of cows in Group A than those in Group B suffered from retention of placenta (ROP) indicating improvement of reproductive performance in the group with no significant effect on growth of calves and milk yield in the two groups. Therefore, from the experiment, it was concluded that supplementation of Vitamin E and Selenium to dairy cows during last month of pregnancy decreases time of placenta expulsion with no significant effect on the growth of their progeny (calves). The present study also concludes that higher number of animals may be taken for the experiment for a good dairy managemental programme.
​Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV-2) in the Aizawl Region of Mizoram Reveals Circulation of CPV-2c Antigenic Variant: A Hospital based Study
Authors: Chethan G.E. , De Ujjwal Kumar , Roychoudhury Parimal , Rajkhowa T.K. , Singh Mithilesh , Prasad H. , Sarma K.
Published: May 2022

Background: The objective of the present study was to confirm the presence of CPV-2 in dogs with acute gastroenteritis and to characterize the antigenic variants circulating in the Aizawl region of Mizoram, India. Methods: A hospital based epidemiological study was carried out from April, 2019 to January, 2020. Faecal samples were collected from the dogs with gastroenteritis and screened for CPV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The distribution of positive cases according to various epidemiological factors was studied. Partial sequencing of VP2 gene was performed for the analysis of CPV-2 variants. Result: A total of 96 faecal samples were collected during the study period out of which 70 (72.91%) were found positive for CPV-2 infection. The distribution of positive cases was highest in young dogs of the age group between 3-6 months (47.14%), cross-bred (48.57%) and unvaccinated dogs (64.28%). The percentage of CPV-2 infection was relatively higher in male (54.28%) as compared to female dogs (45.71%). The analysis of nucleotide sequences from amplified products and phylogenetic analysis revealed presence of CPV-2a (1/5, 20.0%) and CPV-2c (4/5, 80.0%). Furthermore, sequence analysis of large number of samples is required to ensure the prevalent antigenic variant of CPV-2 linked to the infection.
Editorial
Authors: Fernández-Morales Flavio Humberto
Published: May 2022

Las referencias bibliográficas son parte importante de cualquier trabajo investigativo y en el caso de los artículos científicos, estas permiten establecer la actualidad de la temática. Otra función de las referencias es la de establecer el impacto del trabajo en el área del saber en la que se inscribe la investigación, lo cual se hace en la discusión de resultados. Esto debido a que la discusión corresponde al contraste de los hallazgos propios con los de otros investigadores, lo cual enriquece el artículo y justifica su publicación.

 

Usualmente, la mayoría de las citas aparecen en la introducción del artículo y se espera que al menos la mitad de ellas no supere los cuatro años de antigüedad. Además, se deben considerar revistas de corriente principal, incluidas en Scopus o WoS, así como en bases de datos regionales del tipo SciELO o RedALyC. En este sentido, se sugiere a los autores soportar sus manuscritos con referencias actualizadas, pertinentes y en una cantidad razonable: de 20 a 30 referencias para un artículo de investigación, son adecuadas.

 

En el presente fascículo, Vol. 12 No. 1, se incluyen once artículos, los cuales invitamos a consultar y utilizar en sus trabajos académicos. Asimismo, se invita a los interesados en publicar los resultados de sus trabajos de investigación, a que envíen sus manuscritos a la revista. Los requisitos de forma se pueden consultar en nuestra página WEB, en el apartado de instrucciones para los autores, los cuales deben ser atendidos escrupulosamente para reducir los tiempos de evaluación.

 

Cordialmente,

 

FLAVIO HUMBERTO FERNÁNDEZ MORALES

Editor

Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación

ISSN: 2027-8306 - ISSN-e: 2389-9417

Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Condiciones de trabajo de los profesores de las escuelas rurales del Territorio de Identidad Piemonte da Diamantina, Bahía, Brasil
Authors: Souza Elizeu Clementino de , Pacheco Micahel Daian
Published: May 2022

Teniendo en cuenta las transformaciones derivadas de las recientes reformas educativas y las políticas de globalización, este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre las condiciones de trabajo de los profesores de las escuelas públicas rurales de educación básica en el Territorio de Identidad Piemonte da Diamantina, Bahía, Brasil. La investigación es cuantitativa. Se realizó una encuesta con el uso de un cuestionario a profesores de escuelas rurales de los nueve municipios que componen dicho territorio. El universo de la investigación estuvo conformado por 800 profesores; y la muestra, por 268. La técnica de análisis de datos es estadística y descriptiva, mediante el uso del software libre PSPP para la tabulación de los cuestionarios. Los datos apuntan a un contexto educativo impregnado de procesos de intensificación con: el aumento de nuevas funciones y responsabilidades; una sobrecarga de trabajo profesional en las actividades que se efectúan en la escuela y en el hogar; y la ampliación del número de clases, lo cual, en consecuencia, incrementa la cantidad de interacciones con los alumnos. Este conjunto de situaciones implica una actividad docente cada vez más intensa y precaria, especialmente en los contextos rurales.
Research trends in socio-environmental and socicultural aspects of ecotourism in Latin America (2015-2020)
Authors: López Lillyam , Balanta Víctor Julio , Vargas Heriberto Fernando
Published: May 2022

In Latin America, ecotourism has been relevant in recent years. The objective is to explain research trends in socio-environmental and sociocultural aspects of ecotourism in Latin America between 2015 and 2020 through the documentary review of scientific publications on ecotourism. Quantitative and qualitative data were used. The type of research is descriptive-interpretative and transversal. The hermeneutic method was developed in two phases: heuristic, in which 57 research studies were searched and systematized; and hermeneutic, where data were interpreted with the content analysis technique. Since ecotourism is an emerging field, the trends in socio-environmental problems are sustainable development, environmental management and protection, and socioeconomic aspects. The sociocultural trends are agency, participation, and research. Regarding methodologies, there is a transition from quantitative to mixed, with a predominance of qualitative. In the practices of knowledge production, there are interesting collective experiences, but individual research prevails. The years with most publications in this field were 2019, 2018, and 2017. Mexico stands out as the country with the highest number of studies. Finally, a proposal is presented to integrate two dimensions: (a) sustainability: socio-environmental and socioeconomic, and (b) environmental culture: sociopolitical, socio-educational, and scientific-technological, all mediated by interdisciplinarity. It is important the connection of problems, methodologies, and participation of diverse researchers and communities.
NIC 37: Provisiones, pasivos contingentes y activos contingentes y su impacto financiero y tributario en las empresas del sector textil del distrito de Ate Vitarte, Año-2018
Authors:   , Anamaría Fernández Luz Pilar , Choque Bustamante Carmín
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad evaluar la aplicación de la NIC 37 provisiones, pasivos contingentes y activos contingentes y su impacto financiero y tributario en las empresas del sector textil en el distrito de Ate Vitarte en el 2018, para lo cual demostraremos la manera correcta de reconocer y medir las provisiones, pasivos contingentes y activos contingentes, de manera que permita a los usuarios tomar decisiones. La investigación contiene los capítulos que se ￼mencionarán a continuación: En el capítulo I correspondiente al Marco Teórico. Analizaremos las normas internacionales de información financiera, antecedentes tanto en el Perú como en el mundo, definiciones de la norma, objetivo, alcance, reconocimiento, medición, reembolso, información a revelar, impacto tributario y financiero y el estudio del sector textil. En el capítulo II, llamado Plan de Investigación, identificamos el problema principal de la tesis en estudio, problemas específicos, hipótesis principal, hipótesis específicas, objetivo principal y objetivos específicos. En el capítulo III, Metodología de Investigación, mencionamos la población y la muestra de estudio, la investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa y técnicas de investigación usadas. En el capítulo IV, Desarrollo de la Investigación, se realizó a través de la entrevista a profundidad a expertos en el tema de investigación, realizamos también una encuesta a contadores y el desarrollo de un caso práctico. Y, por último, en el capítulo V llamado Análisis de Resultados, se realiza el análisis del caso práctico y sus incidencias financieras y tributarias. Finalizando con la validación de nuestra hipótesis general y las hipótesis específicas, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos de las tablas cruzadas, alfa de cronbach y el chi cuadrado.
Propiedades de inversión: NIC 40 y Medición al valor razonable: NIIF 13 y su impacto en la Gestión Financiera en las estaciones de servicio de Lima Centro en el año 2018
Authors:   , Barrón Díaz Óskar Danilo
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la NIC 40 cuyo título es propiedades de inversión, la NIIF 13 con nombre de Medición al Valor Razonable y su impacto en las empresas dedicadas a ser estaciones de servicio ubicadas en Lima Centro durante el año 2018. Los instrumentos principales de investigación son las normas contables mencionadas anteriormente, cuya aplicación afecta la razonabilidad de la información financiera presentada por las organizaciones en general. En el primer capítulo, se trata el Marco Teórico, donde se realizan un estudio respecto a las normas contables vistas en el presente trabajo de investigación, definidas por sus dimensiones las cuales son Objetivo, Alcance, medición e información a revelar, así como realizar un resumen sobre el sector al que se aplicarán los objetivos de la investigación. En el capítulo 2, se plantean los problemas principales y secundarios, de igual forma los objetivos y las hipótesis para resolver los mismos. En el capítulo siguiente, se define la metodología de la investigación, el tipo de investigación a utilizar y las herramientas que van a ser utilizadas para poder obtener resultados cualitativos y cuantitativos. Posteriormente, en el capítulo 4 se realiza el desarrollo de la investigación explicado en líneas anterior. Para concluir, en el capítulo 5 se realiza el análisis de los resultados obtenidos, así como las pruebas estadísticas correspondientes con la ayuda de Software denominado SPSS. Así mismo, con el fin de obtener un mayor entendimiento del funcionamiento de las normas, se realizó un caso práctico donde se aplican las normas investigadas en el presente trabajo y se explica su impacto dentro de los resultados brindados por una empresa.
Vulnerabilidade à tuberculose pulmonar em pessoas que vivem em situação de rua no município de Passos-MG
Authors: Carneiro Brunno Siqueira , Tavares Maria Luísa Marcão , Maia Maria Ambrosina Cardoso
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Analisar a vulnerabilidade à tuberculose pulmonar em pessoas em situação de rua no município de Passos – MG. Metodologia: Estudo do tipo transversal observacional, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa que visa levantar variáveis para analisar a vulnerabilidade à tuberculose pulmonar em pessoas em situação de rua no município de Passos – MG. Foram entrevistadas 78 pessoas. A coleta de dados foi realizada de junho a outubro de 2019 através de entrevista. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram escolhidos pelo critério de acessibilidade. Para a análise, os dados foram lançados no programa Excel (Microsoft). Resultados: Do total de entrevistados (78), têm-se: indivíduos do sexo masculino (90%), da faixa etária adulta de 20 a 59 anos (91%), se alimentam 2 vezes ou menos por dia (52,5%); cerca de 40% dos entrevistados não possuíam acesso à higiene completa (acesso aos 3 itens: sanitário, banho e escovação dentária), 5 (6,4%) indivíduos já apresentaram tuberculose em algum momento da vida e 15 (19,2%) foram identificados com queixa de sintomas respiratórios. Além disso, foram estabelecidas relações entre consumo de álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas na população entrevistada. Conclusão: Os dados demonstram a vulnerabilidade das pessoas em situação de rua para a tuberculose a partir de análise de fatores como acesso à higiene, qualidade da alimentação, uso de álcool, tabaco e outras drogas.
TRAVEL ITCH AS A NEW PHENOMENON: TRAVEL MOTIVES AND ATTRIBUTES OF ITCHERS
Authors: Capar Gizem , Pala Tuğba , Toksöz Derya
Published: May 2022

Purpose – This study aims to better understand the phenomenon of travel itch by revealing the travel motives and travel attributes of “travel itchers” within the framework of motivational theories. Design/methodology/approach – This is an exploratory study. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from individuals who have first-hand experience of travel itch (N: 30). Data were analysed using content analysis within the framework of motivational theories. Findings – This exploratory study finds that travel itch means a desire to travel and findings revealed that the motives of travel itchers are novelty, escape, host-site involvement, self-actualization, stimulation in line with the Travel Career Pattern (TCP) except travel itself. Travel itself is both one of the main motives and coping methods that distinguish those from other travellers. For coping methods, itchers do travel-related activities apart from travel itself. Nonetheless, travel itch is a recurrent cycle even after having a holiday. Consequently, an attempt was made to redefine the concept of ‘travel itch’ in light of all these findings. Originality of the research – Travel itch is an interesting concept newly introduced into tourism literature. And in order to obtain data this study puts the travel itchers themselves who use this concept. Since this is one of the first studies to examine the concept of travel itch, this study can be a guide for future research and place the concept in the context of travel motivation.
APPLICATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM IN A LOGISTIC ENGINEERING PROBLEM
Authors: Caparrós da Silva Jadiel
Published: May 2022

The research work described in this paper main aim to investigate the effectiveness of the Genetic Algorithm applied in solving a problem of Logistics Engineering. In addition, the paper presents a dense theory on the subject in order to contribute to researchers in this area. With this clear objectives, the composition of this paper will initially clarify the technical concepts used. Subsequently, the problem that will be solved as well as its modeling is presented, so that at the end an algorithm is presented, focusing on the construction of the logic of the algorithm, as well as the data obtained that prove the effectiveness tool as a way of solving the defined problem. The concepts behind the algorithm used here, are derived from the most recent studies on Artificial Intelligence and are based on biological studies of the theory of evolution and genetics.
LÍQUIDOS IÔNICOS (LIs) APLICADOS À OBTENÇÃO DE NANOCELULOSE: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Fernandes da Silva Fabiane
Published: May 2022

Os Líquidos Iônicos (LIs) são considerados solventes “verdes”. Eles são utilizados para uma série de fins no campo da ciência, dentre elas mais recentemente, o pré tratamento da biomassa lignocelulósica. A descrição como solvente ecológico é devido às baixas pressões de vapor e combustibilidade, além de serem facilmente recuperados e reutilizados, tendo recebido muita atenção nos últimos anos por representarem uma alternativa aos solventes convencionais. Dessa forma, a aplicação de diversos LIs para obtenção de nanocristais de celulose têm sido proposta, devido à capacidade de remoção das regiões amorfas como hemicelulose e lignina, mantendo as regiões cristalinas da cadeia. A nanocelulose por sua vez, tem atraído um crescente interesse científico e tecnológico devido ao grande potencial de utilização em áreas como biomedicina, cosméticos e indústria de materiais, por exemplo. Assim sendo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão sobre os líquidos iônicos capazes de produzir celulose em nanoescala. A pesquisa foi conduzida mediante a busca de publicações realizadas entre os anos de 2015 e 2020 e que destacam os LIs mais promissores para consecução de nanocelulose. Os LIs mais estudados para este tipo de aplicação são aqueles a base de imidazólio, entretanto, outros tipos demonstraram-se eficazes nesse processo.

Palavras-chave: nanocelulose, Líquidos Iônicos, biomassa.
O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS PARA A LINGUAGEM ESCRITA: REVISÃO DA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA NAS REVISTAS BRASILEIRAS DE FONOAUDIOLOGIA
Authors: Gonçalves Noronha Manoela , Donida Lais , Santana Ana Paula
Published: May 2022

Com as modificações nas práticas de leitura, escrita e oralidade/sinalização na sociedade a partir das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), objetiva-se investigar pesquisas envolvendo o uso da TDIC e da Linguagem Escrita na Fonoaudiologia a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica de cunho exploratório nas bases de revistas da área da Fonoaudiologia. Foram encontrados 37 artigos publicados entre 2005 a 2020. Destes, apenas seis versavam diretamente acerca do uso de recursos tecnológicos para avaliação e/ou intervenção na área da Linguagem Escrita. Conclui-se que as práticas de letramentos ainda são pouco reconhecidas e contempladas nas produções acadêmicas na área da Fonoaudiologia relacionadas à Linguagem Escrita, evidenciando uma lacuna de pesquisas voltadas às TDIC.
Novel Cell Receptor System of Eukaryotes Formed by Previously Unknown Nucleic Acid-Based Receptors
Authors: Tetz Victor , Tetz George
Published: May 2022

Here, our data provide the first evidence for the existence of a previously unknown receptive system formed by novel DNA- and RNA-based receptors in eukaryotes. This system, named the TR-system, is capable of recognizing and generating a response to different environmental factors and has been shown to orchestrate major vital functions of fungi, mammalian cells, and plants.Recently, we discovered the existence of a similar regulatory system in prokaryotes. These DNA- and RNA-based receptors are localized outside of the membrane forming a type of a network around cells that respond to a variety of chemical, biological, and physical factors and enabled the TR-system to regulate major aspects of eukaryotic cell life as follows: growth, including reproduction and development of multicellular structures; sensitivity to temperature, geomagnetic field, UV, light, and hormones; interaction with viruses; gene expression, recognition and utilization of nutrients. The TR-system was also implicated in cell memory formation and was determined to be responsible for its maintenance and the forgetting of preceding events. This system is the most distant receptive and regulatory system of the cell that regulates interactions with the outer environment and governs the functions of other receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
Students' Perceptions and Experiences of Online Cooperative Problem-Based Learning: Developing 21st Century Skills
Authors: Towip Towip , Widiastuti Indah , Budiyanto Cucuk Wawan
Published: May 2022

Cooperative problem-based learning (CPBL) has been introduced in engineering education as an effective technique for developing students' professional skills. Moreover, the method is essential for engaging students in learning and developing 21st century skills. However, students are usually "shocked" by such inquiry learning because they face sudden changes in the learning environment. In addition, its implementation in online learning is another challenge. Therefore, this study aims to identify students' perceptions of online CPBL performance in vocational pre-teacher education institutions. A self-reporting questionnaire was designed focusing on 21st century skills and distributed to 71 students after the end of the semester. Quantitatively, the instrument of the survey data was analysed using SPSS software. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The results show that online CPBL improved students’ collaboration, communication, and problem-solving skills. In general, they agreed that online CPBL improved the development of 21st century skills.However, the students faced some difficulties during the online discussion session due to internet connection problems and team member involvement. Details of the items are also discussed.
On-Machine Tool Condition Monitoring System Using Image Processing
Authors: Kanto Kenta ,   DMG MORI Co., Ltd. 16 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi 450-0002, Japan, Kubota Junichi , Fujishima Makoto , Mori Masahiko
Published: May 2022

An automation system of machine tools can free operators from simple and hard labor by the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, and allowance of unmanned operation during nights and holidays. To achieve complete shop floor operations, various works that are manually performed by operators need to be automated as well. It is also crucial to accurately monitor tools to detect tool wear and chip winding during machining. In this study, we propose an on-machine tool condition monitoring system that measures tool length and diameter using images to detect tool breakage and winding chips.
Multi-Objective Approach with a Distance Metric in Genetic Programming for Job Shop Scheduling
Authors: Salama Shady ,   Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan, Kaihara Toshiya , Fujii Nobutada , Kokuryo Daisuke
Published: May 2022

The goal of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is to develop smart factories that ensure flexibility and adaptability in complex production environments, without human intervention. Smart factories are based on three main pillars: integration through digitalization, employment of flexible structures, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) methods. Genetic programming (GP) is one of the most promising AI approaches used in the automated design of production-scheduling rules. However, promoting diversity and controlling the bloating effect are major challenges to the success of GP algorithms in developing production-scheduling rules that deliver high-quality solutions. Therefore, we introduced a multi-objective technique to increase the diversity among GP individuals while considering the program length as an objective to avoid the bloating effect. The proposed approach employs a new diversity metric to measure the distance between GP individuals and the best rule in the current generation. Subsequently, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was used to select individuals based on three objectives: solution quality, similarity value, and program length. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we compare the two versions with three GP methods in the literature in terms of automatically generating dispatching rules on 10 benchmark instances of the job-shop scheduling problem. The experimental results show that the proposed distance measure enhances the phenotypic diversity of individuals, resulting in improved fitness values without the need for additional fitness assessments. In addition, the integration of NSGA-II with the GP algorithm facilitates the evolution of superior job shop dispatching rules with high diversity and shorter lengths under the makespan and mean tardiness objectives.
The Implementation of a State-wide Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy as a Best Practice in Primary Care Practices Using an Academic Detailing Approach: Lessons Learned from NewYork State, United States
Authors: Barbosu Cabiria Monica , Alcantara Lisette , Sharma Saloni , Marriott Jahron , Babiy Oksana , Deamer Rebecca , Kindlon Marcia , Dye Timothy
Published: May 2022

Background: NewYork State Department of Health AIDS Institute policy recommends that primary care clinicians should initiate same-day-antiretroviral treatment (ART) of a new HIV diagnosis or at the next clinical visit as the standard of care. However, non-HIV-specialized primary care clinicians might not be sufficiently trained to initiate a specialized ART with a newly HIV diagnosed patient. We assessed clinicians’ knowledge and attitudes toward the rapid initiation of ART and provided academic sessions as a training method to guide clinicians through the implementation of a new standard of care.
Methods: A Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant, online survey was sent to primary care clinicians to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards Rapid Initiation of ART (RIA). We provided personalized academic detailing sessions, addressing questions and concerns gathered from both the initial survey and the individual pre-assessment questionnaire completed prior to the sessions.
Results: The survey was initially distributed in February 2019, followed by 4weekly reminders. Approximately 585 providers completed the survey. Subsequently, 552 health care providers from 25 out of 62 counties in NY State were detailed between March 2019 and March 2021. Lessons learned from the sessions included the identification of pragmatic strategies that could be used in the design of effective detailing sessions, followed by enhanced clinical knowledge, which improved patient care.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Inconsistencies in the current testing practices result in missed HIV diagnoses and an increased risk of HIV transmission.Academic detailing-training techniques can be used to respond to clinician-identified key issues/attitudes that may result in a new intervention, suggesting a promising approach in addressing the implementation barriers of of rapid-treatment initiation as the standard of care. The academic detailing approach can be easily adapted and can be beneficial in global public health, HIV/ AIDS control, and other conditions that require a medical practice change.
 
Copyright © 2022 Barbosu et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Development of a tool for individual aquatic risk management among children
Authors: De Martelaer Kristine , Nerinckx Wander , Buelens Lise , Bierens Joost , Van Rooijen Martin , Hilhorst Jarno , D’Hondt Eva
Published: May 2022

Background: When it comes to children’s competence in, on and around water, their risk competence also plays an important role. For an optimal and save participation in aquatic recreation, there is a crucial need to communicate about a realistic perception of potential dangers in relation to one’s own acutal and perceived aquatic skills.  

Goals: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a tool for Individual Aquatic Risk Management for Children (IARM-C) useful in both research and practice regarding water safety for elementary school children and their families, as offered in schools, by local communities and different (water) sport organisations.

Method:

The IARM-C tool was developed and validated in three subsequent phases: (1) a selection of relevant aquatic situations with possible risks for children based on the literature and discussed with experts, resulting in 10 aquatic situations that were drawn, (2) a pilot study with  22  children to test content (face) validity, and (3) a cross-sectional study with 70 children (6-12 years, 35 girls and 35 boys, 8.9 +/- 2.0 yearsrecruited via convenience sampling in different (swimming) schools in Brussel (Belgium) to test their risk perception, assessement and decision making in these 10 situations.

Results:

For each of the 10 aquatic risk situations of the IARM-C, data collection was organised in a one-on-one interview in order to assist the child in completing the questionnaire. Six of the 10 pictures resulted in a correct risk perception for > 80% (range between 83-94%) of the children. For one drawn aquatic risk situation in the swimming pool context (i.e. falling on someone else), only 60% of the children gave a correct description of the situation. In the drawn open water aquatic risk situations, three pictures scored quite low (about 50% (range between 49%-54%)): warning flag at sea, dangerous objects in open water and sandbank at the sea.

Conclusions:

The IARM-C tool, showing pictures of aquatic risk situations followed by three categories of questions (risk perception, assessement and decision making), is a usefull instrument for further research and education purposes, especially the swimming pool cases (> 80%).
Prevención y seguridad acuática: Objetivo común
Authors: Cano Noguera Francisco
Published: May 2022

El pasado 14 de abril de 2021, Naciones Unidas se manifiesta “profundamente preocupada porque los ahogamientos han sido la causa de más de 2,5 millones de muertes evitables en el último decenio y porque ese hecho ha pasado en buena medida desapercibido, sobre todo teniendo en cuenta la magnitud de su impacto”.

 

Desde esta perspectiva, la ONU reconoce que “los ahogamientos son un problema de equidad social que afecta de forma desproporcionada a los niños y adolescentes de las zonas rurales” y alude a “la conexión entre los ahogamientos y el desarrollo”, al observar que “más del 90 por ciento de las muertes por esa causa se producen en países de ingresos bajos y medianos, siendo África la que registra las mayores tasas de ahogamientos del mundo y Asia la que soporta la mayor carga de muertes por ahogamiento en cuanto al número”.

 

De la misma forma, asume que “la prevención de los ahogamientos puede aumentar la resiliencia de la sociedad”, pone de manifiesto que “los ahogamientos no sólo afectan a los países con litoral, sino que ocurren también con frecuencia en los ríos, lagos, depósitos de agua para uso doméstico y piscinas de muchos otros países”.
Short-term aerobic exercise for depression in acute geriatric psychiatry: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schulte Laura Elani , Fleiner Tim , Trumpf Rieke , Wirtz Daria , Schnorr Thiemo , Zijlstra Wiebren , Haussermann Peter
Published: May 2022

Background: Major depression is one of the main mental illnesses in old age, with acute exacerbated episodes requiring treatment in geriatric psychiatry. A meta-analysis showed that aerobic exercise in moderate intensity has large effects in older adults with major depression, but there is no evidence of aerobic exercise in geriatric psychiatry. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the feasibility and effects of an ergometer-based aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms. Methods: A single-center randomized controlled trial will be conducted in a geriatric psychiatry hospital. Patients allocated to the intervention group will receive a two-week aerobic ergometer program. The control group will receive seated flexibility exercise in addition to usual care. The overall effects on the patients’ depressive symptoms will be measured by clinical global impression of change (CGI) as the primary outcome. Changes in depressive symptom domains, physical (in)activity and aerobic performance as well as the dosage of applied antidepressants will be examined as secondary outcomes.Discussion: This short-term aerobic exercise program is expected to decrease depressive symptoms in acute exacerbated periods in older adults. The results may increase the evidence for implementing physical activity interventions in acute hospital settings. The disease-related motivation for exercise in acute exacerbated depressive periods will be the most challenging aspect. The treatment of depression requires new cost-effective approaches, especially in acute geriatric psychiatry with potential benefits for patients, family members and clinicians.Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Register ID: DRKS00026117Trial Status: Protocol Version 1.2 dated February 23, 2022. By February 23, 2022, the trial had recruited a total of 15 participants in two wards at the department of Geriatric Psychiatry at the LVR-Hospital Cologne. Recruitment started on November 12, 2021. The recruitment is expected to continue for at least twelve months.
3D deep learning versus the current methods for predicting tumor invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lv Yilv , Wei Ying , Xu Kuan , Zhang Xiaobin , Hua Rong , Huang Jia , Li Min , Tang Cui , Yang Long , Liu Bingchun , Yuan Yonggang , Li Siwen , Gao Yaozong , Zhang Xianjie , Wu Yifan , Han Yuchen , Shang Zhanxian , Yu Hong , Zhan Yiqiang , Shi Feng , Ye Bo
Published: May 2022

Background
Different pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma lead to different treatment decisions and prognoses, and it is clinically important to distinguish invasive lung adenocarcinoma from preinvasive adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma). This study aims to investigate the performance of the deep learning approach on the classification of tumor invasiveness and compare it with the performances of currently available approaches.
Methods
In this study, we propose a deep learning approach based on 3D conventional networks to automatically predict the invasiveness of pulmonary nodules. A total of 901 early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Shanghai Chest Hospital between November 2015 and March 2017 were retrospectively included and randomly assigned to a training set (n = 814) or testing set 1 (n = 87). We subsequently included 116 patients who underwent surgical treatment and intraoperative frozen section between April 2019 and January 2020 to form testing set 2. We compared the performance of our deep learning approach in predicting tumor invasiveness with that of intraoperative frozen section analysis and human experts (radiologists and surgeons).
Results
The deep learning approach yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.946 for distinguishing preinvasive adenocarcinoma from invasive lung adenocarcinoma in testing set 1, which is significantly higher than the AUCs of human experts (P < 0.05). In testing set 2, the deep learning approach distinguished invasive adenocarcinoma from preinvasive adenocarcinoma with an AUC of 0.862, which is higher than that of frozen section analysis (0.755, P = 0.043), senior thoracic surgeons (0.720, P = 0.006), radiologists (0.766, P > 0.05) and junior thoracic surgeons (0.768, P > 0.05).
Conclusions
We developed a deep learning approach that achieved comparable performance to intraoperative frozen section analysis in determining tumor invasiveness. The proposed method may contribute to clinical decisions related to the extent of surgical resection.