bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
For a Better Quality of Beef: The Challenge from Growing Livestock on Limited Grasslands with a Production–Consumption Balance Perspective
Authors: Xue Zhichao , Yan Huimin , Zhen Lin
Published: August 2023

The growing population, the transition dietary towards animal-based products, and the preference for the brand of grass-feeding livestock are bringing increasing pressure on natural grasslands, especially for dry-land areas. The Xilingol League of China is famous for its free-range livestock product, however, overgrazing and herders’ benefits damage are always serious issues for this semi-arid grassland region. This study focuses on the relationship between the supply of natural grassland and the consumption of free-range livestock in the Xilingol League, and this study employed the grassland carrying capacity as the index to judge the sustainability states and its trends of the local grass-feeding system. Satellite data production of net primary production was used for grassland production, statistical livestock data and the consumption model were used for actual forage consumption, and empirical key informant interview data were used to obtain a more comprehensive understanding. The results show that: (1) the natural grassland carrying capacity of the Xilingol League fluctuated, showing improvement from 2000 to 2021; (2) the grassland management needs to be more diversified in different regions with different natural conditions; and (3) while the demand for free-range, high-quality beef is increasing, attention should be paid to the carrying capacity of natural pastures and more consideration should be taken of the benefits of balancing the livelihood of herders, policy strategies, and the customers’ preferences. Potential ways of doing this include employing technologies to improve livestock production, and further exploring and promoting the economic value of the free-range livestock and the geographical indication to get the economic–ecological win-win situation. The research framework and results would be beneficial to reveal the potential threats in pastoral areas and provide support for the optimization of the regional grass-feeding breeding system, especially in middle-income countries.
Characterization of the Sensory Properties and Quality Components of Huangjin Green Tea Based on Molecular Sensory-Omics
Authors: Zhong Ni , Zhao Xi , Yu Penghui , Huang Hao , Bao Xiaocun , Li Jin , Zheng Hongfa , Xiao Lizheng
Published: August 2023

Huangjin green tea (HJC) is one of the most famous regional green teas in China, and has gained attention for its unique flavor. Research on HJC has focused mainly on the synthesis of L-theanine, with fewer studies concentrating on sensory characteristics. In this study, molecular sensory science techniques, including color analysis, gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry, and E-tongue, were used to characterize the sensory properties of HJC, with Fuding Dabai and Anji Baicha teas used as conventional and high amino acid controls, respectively. The sensory characteristics and main quality components of HJC lie somewhere between these two other teas, and somewhat closer to the conventional control. They were difficult to distinguish by color, but significant differences exist in terms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), E-tongue values on bitterness and astringency, and their contents of major taste components. VOCs such as (E)-2-octenal, linalool, ethyl acrylate, ethyl acetate, and 2-methyl-3-furanethiol were found to be the main differential components that contributed to aroma, significantly influencing the tender chestnut aroma of HJC. Free amino acids, tea polyphenols, and ester catechins were the main differential components responsible for taste, and its harmonious phenol-to-ammonia ratio was found to affect the fresh, mellow, heavy, and brisk taste of HJC.
Healthcare Service Quality Evaluation in a Community-Oriented Primary Care Center, Italy
Authors: Ceccarelli Andrea , Minotti Alice , Senni Marco , Pellegrini Luca , Benati Giuseppe , Ceccarelli Paola , Federici Andrea , Mazzini Silvia , Reali Chiara , Sintoni Francesco , Gori Davide , Montalti Marco
Published: August 2023

Community-oriented primary care (COPC) is an inclusive healthcare approach that combines individual care with a population-based outlook, striving to offer effective and equitable services. This study concentrates on assessing the perceived quality of a “Casa della Comunità” (CdC) implemented by the Romagna Local Health Authority, which embraces the COPC model. Through the examination of user experiences, the study aims to comprehend the influence of the CdC’s care delivery model on the community’s perception of service quality. From 13–18 March 2023, paper questionnaires were distributed by trained healthcare professionals and volunteers. The cross-sectional study enrolled participants aged 18 or older, capable of understanding written Italian, and willing to take part voluntarily. A total of 741 questionnaires were collected, resulting in an overall acceptance rate of 85.6%. Among the respondents, 37.9% were female, with an average age of 55.4 ± 16.2 years. While the respondents generally held a positive view of the quality, the results displayed varying levels of satisfaction across the different areas. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between factors such as gender, employment status, financial resources, education level, and distance from the healthcare center with the perceived quality of the facility in terms of accessibility, environment, staff, continuity of care, and overall satisfaction. The study yielded valuable insights, identifying strengths and areas for improvement and underscoring the importance of ongoing monitoring studies to enhance patient satisfaction continuously.
Identifying Factors to Facilitate the Implementation of Decision-Making Tools to Promote Self-Management of Chronic Diseases into Routine Healthcare Practice: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Krah Nina Sofie , Zietzsch Paula , Salrach Cristina , Toro Cecilia Alvarez , Ballester Marta , Orrego Carola , Groene Oliver
Published: August 2023

This study, as part of the COMPAR-EU project, utilized a mixed-methods approach involving 37 individual, semi-structured interviews and one focus group with 7 participants to investigate the factors influencing the implementation and use of self-management interventions (SMIs) decision tools in clinical practice. The interviews and focus group discussions were guided by a tailored interview and focus group guideline developed based on the Tailored Implementation for Chronic Diseases (TICD) framework. The data were analyzed using a directed qualitative content analysis, with a deductive coding system based on the TICD framework and an inductive coding process. A rapid analysis technique was employed to summarize and synthesize the findings. The study identified five main dimensions and facilitators for implementation: decision tool factors, individual health professional factors, interaction factors, organizational factors, and social, political, and legal factors. The findings highlight the importance of structured implementation through SMI decision support tools, emphasizing the need to understand their benefits, secure organizational resources, and gain political support for sustainable implementation. Overall, this study employed a systematic approach, combining qualitative methods and comprehensive analysis, to gain insights into the factors influencing the implementation of SMIs’ decision-support tools in clinical practice.
Technical Note: Tibial Spine Avulsion Treatment with Arthroscopic Reduction and Internal Fixation with Kirschner Wires in Skeletally Immature Patients
Authors: Calvisi Vittorio , Romanini Emilio , Staniscia Donato , Di Brigida Giovanni , Venosa Michele
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Tibial spine avulsion injury, tibial eminence injury, tibial spine fracture, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion are multiple terms that express the same pathological condition. It can be encountered both in the pediatric and adult population. A wide array of surgical techniques have been proposed to manage displaced tibial spine avulsions. Anyway, insufficient evidence is currently available to prefer one fixation technique over another, and a gold-standard arthroscopy-based technique is still missing. In this article, we describe a mini-invasive, safe and user-friendly technique for arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation of displaced tibial eminence fractures. Materials and methods: Standard and patient-specific accessory arthroscopic portals allow for full access to knee visualization and management of concomitant intraarticular lesions. After performing the debridement of the inflammatory tissue and the release of eventual interposed tissues in the fracture site, the tibial eminence avulsion can be reduced by using a less-invasive bone impactor. With the knee flexed to 90°, the fracture fragments are then synthesized (under fluoroscopic control) with three thin Kirschner wires inserted in a proximal–distal direction in a cross-shaped geometry. Results: This technique allows a fast surgical and hospitalization time, a punctiform arthrotomy, proximal tibial physis preservation, and an early rehabilitation program. Conclusions: This novel technique seems attractive and very promising since it is respectful of the epiphyseal growth plates and is thus suitable for children and adolescents.
Psychological Resilience of Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study after the Deblocking of China’s COVID-19 Pandemic Strategy
Authors: Zhao Rong , Peng Jin , Li Jia-Yin , Qin Lu-Lu , Luo Bang-An
Published: August 2023

Psychological resilience (PR) plays an important role in fortifying mental health during pandemics. This study aimed to examine the PR and its related factors of college students in China after the deblocking of the China’s COVID-19 pandemic strategy. A total of 1100 college students from 15 universities participated in this cross-sectional survey by multi-stage stratified sampling. Data were collected by self-designed socio-demographic information, the family function assessment scale (APGAR), a general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), the general self-efficacy scale (GSES), and a psychological resilience scale. The average score of PR was 135.65 ± 18.54. Cluster analysis of PR scores showed that 24.9% of the college students had weak PR. The higher PR, the higher mental health status (r = 0.352, p < 0.05). Females had higher PR than males (OR = 0.550, 95% CI: 0.367–0.827). High self-efficacy was an independent protective factor of high PR (OR = 0.093, 95% CI: 0.059–0.145). Low family contact frequency, poor family function, and bad mental health status were the independent risk factors of high PR. In conclusion, the PR of Chinese college students were insufficient after the deblocking of China’s COVID-19 pandemic strategy, indicating an improvement of PR should be put into practice immediately. Frequent monthly contact with family, family function, self-efficacy, mental health status, and gender were the influencing factors of PR, which provides an intervention strategy for the future.
A Methodology to Regulate Transformation of a City’s Appearance Due to Energy Efficiency Building Renovations: A Case Study: Errenteria (Spain)
Authors: Lizundia Iñigo , Uranga Eneko Jokin , Azcona Leire
Published: August 2023

The need to improve the energy performance of European buildings is beyond all doubt, as indicated by the different regulatory determinations on energy and climate change adopted by different public administrations in recent years. The primary actions have focused on improving the thermal enclosure of buildings; the placement of new energy-efficient skins on their exterior façades is consequently beginning to deconfigure, distort, homogenize and globalize the city in an alarming manner. In the case of Spain, the lack of a specific regulation on how to proceed when renovating the vast majority of residential buildings without heritage protection is leaving the ultimate decision in the hands of owner associations. It is therefore urgent to endow municipal administrations with a tool enabling them to regulate and control the transformation of a city’s image before it is too late. To that end, a pioneer methodology is proposed to classify the unprotected building stock of a municipality with a view to future renovation actions, depending on the degree of their vulnerability and the greater or lesser need to protect their image and the other pre-existing features. As a theoretical case study to test the proposed methodology, the locality of Errenteria, Spain, was chosen, demonstrating that it is an effective tool easy to apply in any city nationwide, regardless of the respective location, size and management capacity.
Genomic Colinearity and Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of BES1 Gene Family in Horticultural Plants Particularly Kiwifruit and Peach
Authors: Yue Haiying , Yang Yaming , Cha Guili , Ren Shichang , Wang Jiyan , Shi Xiaoyan , Zhu Qinggang , Li Qianjin , Ren Xiaolin , Tian Jianwen , Ding Yuduan
Published: August 2023

The BES1 transcription factor family was unique and critical in plants. The BES1s played roles in the Brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway and participated in the plant’s development, maturation, and stress response process. This study investigated the function of the BES1 gene family of 48 horticultural crops by phylogenetic and genomic colinearity network analysis. In addition, the transcriptional regulatory networks had analyzed the process during biotic stress, abiotic stress, fruit development, and postharvest of kiwifruit and peach. The study illustrated a comprehensive understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of the BES1 family in plant genomes and the prediction of growth and development of kiwifruit and peach fruits and maturation-related BES1 members, laying the foundation for further functional studies of BES1 genes in the future.
Carbon Biomass Estimation Using Vegetation Indices in Agriculture–Pasture Mosaics in the Brazilian Caatinga Dry Tropical Forest
Authors: Sousa Júnior Vicente de Paula , Sparacino Javier , Espindola Giovana Mira de , Assis Raimundo Jucier Sousa de
Published: August 2023

Remote sensing is valuable for estimating aboveground biomass (AGB) stocks. However, its application in agricultural and pasture areas is limited compared with forest areas. This study quantifies AGB in agriculture–pasture mosaics within Brazil’s Campo Maior Complex (CMC). The methodology employs remote sensing cloud processing and utilizes an estimator to incorporate vegetation indices. The results reveal significant changes in biomass values among land use and land cover classes over the past ten years, with notable variations observed in forest plantation, pasture, sugar cane, and soybean areas. The estimated AGB values range from 0 to 20 Mg.ha−1 (minimum), 53 to 419 Mg.ha−1 (maximum), and 19 to 57 Mg.ha−1 (mean). In Forest formation areas, AGB values range from approximately 0 to 278 Mg.ha−1, with an average annual value of 56.44 Mg.ha−1. This study provides valuable insights for rural landowners and government officials in managing the semiarid territory and environment. It aids in decision making regarding agricultural management, irrigation and fertilization practices, agricultural productivity, land use and land cover changes, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, conservation strategies, the identification of priority areas for environmental restoration, and the optimization of resource utilization.
Towards Anticancer and Antibacterial Agents: Design and Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazol-quinobenzothiazine Derivatives
Authors: Kisiel-Nawrot Ewa , Pindjakova Dominika , Latocha Malgorzata , Bak Andrzej , Kozik Violetta , Suwinska Kinga , Cizek Alois , Jampilek Josef , Zięba Andrzej
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we describe a new method for synthesizing hybrid combinations of 1,2,3-triazoles with a tetracyclic quinobenzothiazinium system. The developed approach allowed for the production of a series of new azaphenothiazine derivatives with the 1,2,3-triazole system in different positions of the benzene ring. In practice, the methodology consists of the reaction of triazole aniline derivatives with thioquinanthrenediinium bis-chloride. The structure of the products was determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and HR-MS spectrometry, respectively. Moreover, the spatial structure of the molecule and the arrangement of molecules in the crystal (unit cell) were determined by X-ray crystallography. The anticancer activity profiles of the synthesized compounds were tested in vitro against human cancer cells of the A549, SNB-19, and T47D lines and the normal NHDF cell line. Additional tests of antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococci, vancomycin-sensitive and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and two mycobacterial strains were also performed. In fact, the dependence of anticancer and antibacterial activity on the substituent type and its position in the quinobenzothiazinium system was observed. Furthermore, the distance-guided property evaluation was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) on the pool of the calculated descriptors. Finally, the theoretically approximated partition coefficients (clogP) were (inter-)correlated with each other and cross-compared with the empirically specified logPTLC parameters.
Promising Anti-Inflammatory Tools: Biomedical Efficacy of Lipoxins and Their Synthetic Pathways
Authors: Chi Junxi , Cheng Jiahao , Wang Shang , Li Cheng , Chen Ming
Published: August 2023

Lipoxins (LXs) have attracted widespread attention as a class of anti-inflammatory lipid mediators that are produced endogenously by the organism. LXs are arachidonic acid (ARA) derivatives that include four different structures: lipoxin A4 (LXA4), lipoxin B4 (LXB4), and the aspirin-induced differential isomers 15-epi-LXA4 and 15-epi-LXB4. Because of their unique biological activity of reducing inflammation in the body, LXs have great potential for neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory treatment of COVID-19, and other related diseases. The synthesis of LXs in vivo is achieved through the action of lipoxygenase (LO). As a kind of important enzyme, LO plays a major role in the physiological processes of living organisms in mammals and functions in some bacteria and fungi. This suggests new options for the synthesis of LXs in vitro. Meanwhile, there are other chemical and biochemical methods to synthesize LXs. In this review, the recent progress on physiological activity and synthetic pathways of LXs is summarized, and new insights into the synthesis of LXs in vitro are provided.
Identification of Key TRIM Genes Involved in Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Chlamydia spp. Infections in Human Cell Lines and in Mouse Organs
Authors: Stepanenko Ekaterina , Bondareva Natalia , Sheremet Anna , Fedina Elena , Tikhomirov Alexei , Gerasimova Tatiana , Poberezhniy Daniil , Makarova Irina , Tarantul Vyacheslav , Zigangirova Nailya , Nenasheva Valentina
Published: August 2023

Bacterial infections represent an unsolved problem today since bacteria can evade antibiotics and suppress the host’s immune response. A family of TRIM proteins is known to play a role in antiviral defense. However, the data on the involvement of the corresponding genes in the antibacterial response are limited. Here, we used RT-qPCR to profile the transcript levels of TRIM genes, as well as interferons and inflammatory genes, in human cell lines (in vitro) and in mice (in vivo) after bacterial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Chlamydia spp. As a result, the genes were identified that are involved in the overall immune response and associated primarily with inflammation in human cells and in mouse organs when infected with both pathogens (TRIM7, 8, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 47, 68). TRIMs specific to the infection (TRIM59 for P. aeruginosa, TRIM67 for Chlamydia spp.) were revealed. Our findings can serve as a basis for further, more detailed studies on the mechanisms of the immune response to P. aeruginosa and Chlamydia spp. Studying the interaction between bacterial pathogens and the immune system contributes to the search for new ways to successfully fight bacterial infections.
Gut Microbial Metabolome and Dysbiosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Psychobiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Therapeutic Approach—A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Authors: Uceda Sara , Echeverry-Alzate Víctor , Reiriz-Rojas Manuel , Martínez-Miguel Esther , Pérez-Curiel Ana , Gómez-Senent Silvia , Beltrán-Velasco Ana Isabel
Published: August 2023

The comprehensive narrative review conducted in this study delves into the mechanisms of communication and action at the molecular level in the human organism. The review addresses the complex mechanism involved in the microbiota–gut–brain axis as well as the implications of alterations in the microbial composition of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases with neuronal loss or death is analyzed, as well as the mechanisms of action of the main metabolites involved in the bidirectional communication through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. In addition, interventions targeting gut microbiota restructuring through fecal microbiota transplantation and the use of psychobiotics—pre- and pro-biotics—are evaluated as an opportunity to reduce the symptomatology associated with neurodegeneration in these pathologies. This review provides valuable information and facilitates a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms to be addressed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
MiRNAs in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Role, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy
Authors: Song Yongan , Kelava Leonardo , Kiss István
Published: August 2023

Lung cancer has emerged as a significant public health challenge and remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Among various types of lung malignancies, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) stands as the most prevalent form. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in gene regulation, and their involvement in cancer has been extensively explored. While several reviews have been published on miRNAs and lung cancer, there remains a gap in the review regarding miRNAs specifically in LUAD. In this review, we not only highlight the potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of miRNAs in LUAD, but also present an inclusive overview of the extensive research conducted on miRNAs in this particular context.
The Case for the Target of Rapamycin Pathway as a Candidate Circadian Oscillator
Authors: Lakin-Thomas Patricia
Published: August 2023

The molecular mechanisms that drive circadian (24 h) rhythmicity have been investigated for many decades, but we still do not have a complete picture of eukaryotic circadian systems. Although the transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) model has been the primary focus of research, there are many examples of circadian rhythms that persist when TTFLs are not functioning, and we lack any good candidates for the non-TTFL oscillators driving these rhythms. In this hypothesis-driven review, the author brings together several lines of evidence pointing towards the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signalling pathway as a good candidate for a non-TTFL oscillator. TOR is a ubiquitous regulator of metabolism in eukaryotes and recent focus in circadian research on connections between metabolism and rhythms makes TOR an attractive candidate oscillator. In this paper, the evidence for a role for TOR in regulating rhythmicity is reviewed, and the advantages of TOR as a potential oscillator are discussed. Evidence for extensive feedback regulation of TOR provides potential mechanisms for a TOR-driven oscillator. Comparison with ultradian yeast metabolic cycles provides an example of a potential TOR-driven self-sustained oscillation. Unanswered questions and problems to be addressed by future research are discussed.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors
Authors: Bokhari Syeda Mahak Zahra , Hamar Peter
Published: August 2023

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are the key regulators of vasculogenesis in normal and oncological development. VEGF-A is the most studied angiogenic factor secreted by malignant tumor cells under hypoxic and inflammatory stress, which made VEGF-A a rational target for anticancer therapy. However, inhibition of VEGF-A by monoclonal antibody drugs led to the upregulation of VEGF-D. VEGF-D was primarily described as a lymphangiogenic factor; however, VEGF-D’s blood angiogenic potential comparable to VEGF-A has already been demonstrated in glioblastoma and colorectal carcinoma. These findings suggested a role for VEGF-D in facilitating malignant tumor growth by bypassing the anti-VEGF-A antiangiogenic therapy. Owing to its high mitogenic ability, higher affinity for VEGFR-2, and higher expression in cancer, VEGF-D might even be a stronger angiogenic driver and, hence, a better therapeutic target than VEGF-A. In this review, we summarized the angiogenic role of VEGF-D in blood vasculogenesis and its targetability as an antiangiogenic therapy in cancer.
DHA-Provoked Reduction in Adipogenesis and Glucose Uptake Could Be Mediated by Gps2 Upregulation in Immature 3T3-L1 Cells
Authors: Grigorova Natalia , Ivanova Zhenya , Vachkova Ekaterina , Petrova Valeria , Penev Toncho
Published: August 2023

The signaling pathway of fatty acids in the context of obesity is an extensively explored topic, yet their primary mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. This study aims to examine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on some crucial aspects of adipogenesis in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, using palmitic acid-treated (PA), standard differentiated, and undifferentiated adipocytes as controls. Employing 60 µM DHA or PA, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated from the onset of adipogenesis, with negative and positive controls included. After eight days, we performed microscopic observations, cell viability assays, the determination of adiponectin concentration, intracellular lipid accumulation, and gene expression analysis. Our findings demonstrated that DHA inhibits adipogenesis, lipolysis, and glucose uptake by suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg) and G-protein coupled receptor 120 (Gpr120) gene expression. Cell cytotoxicity was ruled out as a causative factor, and β-oxidation involvement was suspected. These results challenge the conventional belief that omega-3 fatty acids, acting as Pparg and Gpr120 agonists, promote adipogenesis and enhance insulin-dependent glucose cell flux. Moreover, we propose a novel hypothesis suggesting the key role of the co-repressor G protein pathway suppressor 2 in mediating this process. Additional investigations are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving DHA’s anti-adipogenic effect and its broader health implications.
Long-Term Prognosis of Different Subtypes of Left Ventricular Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy Patients: A Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Gao Shiqi , Zhang Shuyuan , Wang Zeyuan , Wu Ming , Gu Chengying , Bai Ruilian , Liu Meixi , Tian Zhuang , Zhang Shuyang
Published: August 2023

Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a heterogeneous cardiomyopathy that can be classified into different subtypes based on morphologic and functional features. However, the prognosis of the dilated and isolated subtypes of non-pediatric LVNC remains unknown. We retrospectively studied 101 patients with LVNC diagnosed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2006 to 2022 using the Jenni criteria of transthoracic echocardiography. The patients were grouped into those with dilated LVNC (n = 64) or isolated LVNC (n = 37), and 88 patients (54 with dilated LVNC and 34 with isolated LVNC) were followed up successfully. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of cardiovascular mortality, heart failure, severe ventricular arrhythmia, and systolic embolism). The median follow-up time was 5.24 years. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events was 43.2%; patients with dilated LVNC had a higher risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–15.81; p = 0.02) than those with isolated LVNC. None of the isolated LVNC patients had cardiovascular deaths or severe ventricular arrhythmias. The risk of systemic embolism was similar between patients with dilated and isolated LVNC. Our findings indicate that transthoracic echocardiography is a useful tool for classifying LVNC into subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes. Dilated LVNC is associated with a poor prognosis, while the isolated subtype is probably a physiological condition.
Prevalence of Peri-Implant Disease in Patients with Stage III or IV Periodontitis: Results of a Long-Term Follow-Up from a Specialized Periodontal Practice
Authors: Jervøe-Storm Pia-Merete , Marder Michael , Hagner Martin , Menn Ina , Menn Philipp , Jepsen Søren
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the conditions of implants that had been in function for 5–17 years in stage III/IV periodontitis patients of a specialized periodontal practice. There were 83 patients (43 female/40 male, mean age 64.4 (9.69) years), with a total of 213 implants, who participated in the study. Assessments included periodontal and peri-implant probing depths, bleeding and plaque scores, and a radiographic examination. Smoking habits, participation in a supportive care program (SCP), and the Implant Disease Risk Assessment (IDRA) scores were recorded. A total of 44 patients presented with stage III periodontitis, and 39 with stage IV. In all, 85% of patients had adhered to regular SCP. On an implant/patient level, peri-implant health was found in 37.1.7% (79 implants)/24.1% (20 patients), peri-implant mucositis in 58.7% (125 implants)/66.3% (55 patients), and peri-implantitis in 4.2% (9 implants)/9.6% (8 patients). IDRA scores showed 30.5% of implants at moderate and 69.5% at high risk. The present long-term analysis shows a high prevalence of peri-implant disease in patients treated for advanced periodontitis. These findings underline the challenges involved in the long-term maintenance of oral health in stage III/IV periodontitis patients restored with dental implants.
Upper Esophageal Sphincter Metrics across Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Functional Dysphagia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ruggiero Luigi , Iovino Paola , Gargano Domenico , Caloro Angela , De Leo Luca , D’Antonio Antonio , Caputo Alessandro , Santonicola Antonella
Published: August 2023

Background: Recent studies have evaluated the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) with high-resolution manometry (HRM) in some esophageal diseases, but not eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). The aim of our study was to evaluate the function of the UES across EoE, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), functional dysphagia (FD), and the relationship with esophageal symptoms, esophageal body contraction, and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) metrics. Methods: HRM was performed on 30 EoE, 18 GERD, and 29 FD patients according to the Chicago Classification 3.0. The study data were exported to the online analysis platform Swallow Gateway. The UES was assessed in terms of UES Resting Pressure (UES-RP), UES Basal Pressure (UES-BP), UES Integrated Relaxation Pressure (UES-IRP), UES Relaxation Time (UES-RT), Basal UES Contractile Integral (Basal UES-CI), Post-Deglutitive UES Contractile Integral (Post-Deglutitive UES-CI), and Proximal Contractile Integral (PCI). Results: ANOVA analysis showed significantly higher values of Post-Deglutitive UES-CI in EoE patients compared with FD patients (p = 0.001). Basal UES-CI and UES-RP showed significantly higher values in EoE (p = 0.002, p = 0.038) and GERD (p < 0.001, p = 0.001) patients compared with FD patients. Correlations between LES-CI and Post-Deglutitive UES-CI, Basal UES-CI, and UES-RP (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.027, p = 0.017, respectively), and between LES-BP and Post-Deglutitive UES-CI (p = 0.019), independent of diagnosis, were shown. No correlations have been demonstrated between the UES, EGJ metrics, and esophageal symptoms. Conclusions: Some differences in UES metrics in the three different diseases were found. Further studies are needed to confirm the results of our pilot study and possible applications in clinical practice.
Physical Activity and Self-Perception of Mental and Physical Quality of Life during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sánchez-Polán Miguel , Adamo Kristi , Silva-Jose Cristina , Zhang Dingfeng , Refoyo Ignacio , Barakat Rubén
Published: August 2023

Self-perception of health status (quality of life) is considered one of the best indicators of health and well-being. However, during pregnancy, it could be impacted not only by physiological and anatomical changes, but by poor lifestyle habits like high sedentary behaviour or bad nutrition. This study assesses the effects of physical activity RCT interventions during pregnancy on both mental and physical components of quality of life. A systematic review and two meta-analyses were performed (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022370467). Of the 207 articles captured both in English and Spanish, seven articles were deemed eligible for inclusion. The two analyses performed found that physically active pregnant women had better scores of mental self-perception of quality of life (z = 2.08, p = 0.04; SMD = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.67, I2 = 76%, Pheterogeneity = 0.0004) and in physical self-perceived health status (z = 2.19, p = 0.03; SMD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.63, I2 = 71%, Pheterogeneity = 0.002) compared to control group pregnant women. Physical activity interventions could potentially increase mental and physical self-perception of quality of life during pregnancy.
Influence of Disease Modifying Treatment, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants and Vaccination on Coronavirus Disease 2019 Risk and Outcome in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica
Authors: Eisler Jennifer Jessica , Disanto Giulio , Sacco Rosaria , Zecca Chiara , Gobbi Claudio
Published: August 2023

Patients suffering from neuro-inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) remain vulnerable to COVID-19. We investigated the risk of COVID-19 in MS and NMOSD patients over time, considering the impact of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs), vaccinations, and the spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. We retrospectively collected clinical information regarding all MS and NMOSD consecutive patients seen at the Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland. Logistic regression was used to test variables (age, sex, vaccination status, DMT at vaccination, DMT at infection, disease course, disability scores, prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variant) for association with COVID-19 risk and severe outcome (hospitalization or death). We included 352 individuals in this study; 315 (89.5%) received ≥1 dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-vaccine, and 134 (38.1%) experienced COVID-19 between March 2020 and August 2022. COVID-19 risk decreased in vaccinated patients (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.05–0.20, p < 0.001) and increased in anti-CD20 therapies (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.28–4.00, p = 0.005). Anti-CD20 treatment was associated with severe COVID-19 (OR = 27.41, 95% CI = 3.68–204.25, p = 0.001), whereas Omicron infections were milder compared to Alpha infections (OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01–0.35, p = 0.006). We confirmed a protective effect of mRNA vaccines on COVID-19 risk, which is impaired by anti-CD20 treatment. We provided evidence for milder COVID-19 with the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant, which should not, however, discourage vaccinations.
Combined Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Hybrid Concept for Patients with Mitral Valve and Coronary Pathologies
Authors: Moscoso-Ludueña Martín , Vondran Maximilian , Irqsusi Marc , Nef Holger , Rastan Ardawan , Ghazy Tamer
Published: August 2023

We evaluated the feasibility of hybrid percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) in patients with concomitant coronary and mitral disease. Of 534 patients who underwent MIMVS at our institution between 2012 and 2018, those with combined mitral and single vessel coronary pathologies who underwent MIMVS and PCI were included. Patients were excluded if they had endocarditis or required emergency procedures. Preprocedural, procedural, and postprocedural data were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 10 patients (median age, 75 years; 7 males) with a median ejection fraction (EF) of 60% were included. Nine patients underwent PCI before and one after MIMVS. The success rate was 100% in both procedures. There were no postoperative myocardial infarctions or strokes. Two patients developed delirium and one required re-thoracotomy for bleeding. The median stay in intensive care and the hospital was 3 and 8 days, respectively. The 30-day survival rate was 100%. A hybrid PCI and MIMVS approach is feasible in patients with mitral valve and single vessel coronary disease. In combined pathologies, the revascularization strategy should be evaluated independent from the mitral valve pathology in the presence of MIMVS expertise. Extension of this recommendation to multivessel disease should be evaluated in future studies.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes after Platelet-Rich Plasma and Rotator Cuff Repair in High-Grade Intrasubstance Partial Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Poff Grayson , Spencer Edwin , Scott Benson , Sleadd Robert , Broyles John
Published: August 2023

Platelet-rich plasma injections have been shown to have many useful applications in various musculoskeletal pathologies. Research on the use of PRP for intrasubstance partial-thickness rotator cuff tears is lacking, although these tears have unique properties that may increase the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma injections. Patients with MRI-confirmed high-grade intrasubstance partial-thickness rotator cuff tears, that had failed traditional non-operative treatment, were offered either surgical repair (Group 1) or a single ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection into the tear site (Group 2). Patients were followed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and a minimum of 2 years post-injection with ASES scores. A total of 25 patients received platelet-rich plasma injections, compared to 20 patients who had rotator cuff repair for intrasubstance tears in the last 3 years. The mean pre-injection ASES score for the platelet-rich plasma group was 53.2 and this improved to 92.9 at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The average convalescence period following platelet-rich plasma injection was 3.3 months. The average post-operative convalescence period for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair was 4.6 months. Both surgical repair and platelet-rich plasma injection into the tear site are equally effective in the treatment of high-grade intrasubstance partial-thickness rotator cuff tears, while platelet-rich plasma provides significantly shorter recovery time.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Oral Bacterial Flora in Patients Wearing Complete Dentures and on the Level of Exhaled Nitric Oxide as a Marker of Inflammation
Authors: Wyszyńska Magdalena , Czelakowska Aleksandra , Rosak Przemysław , Kasperski Jacek , Łopacińska Maria , Ghanem Amir , Mertas Anna , Skucha-Nowak Małgorzata
Published: August 2023

Background: Exhaled nitric oxide is helpful in the diagnosis of the inflammation process. The study aimed to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 disease on the oral bacterial flora of patients using complete dentures with a diagnostic device that measures the level of NO in exhaled air. Materials and Methods: The study included patients using upper and lower acrylic complete dentures. All patients participating in the study were vaccinated against COVID-19. The patients were divided into two groups. A dental examination was conducted in each group. The NO concentration was measured using the Vivatmo Pro device. An oral microbiological examination was performed by taking a swab from the bottom of the mouth. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of NO in relation to the number of bacteria from isolated families in the study and control groups and no statistically significant correlations between the level of NO and the number of bacteria from all families in the control and study group. Significantly higher NO values were present in the vaccinated and COVID-19-positive history population compared to the vaccinated and with no COVID-19 history population (patients with no clinical symptoms of infection or unaware they had COVID-19). Conclusions: There are statistically significant differences in NO distribution in the considered populations: vaccinated and sick, and vaccinated and with a negative history of COVID-19. The measurement of NO in exhaled air can be a complementary, non-invasive diagnostic and inflammation monitoring method.
Analysis of the Influence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis
Authors: García-Álvarez Yolanda , Álvaro-Afonso Francisco Javier , García-Madrid Marta , Tardáguila-García Aroa , López-Moral Mateo , Lázaro-Martínez José Luis
Published: August 2023

This study analyzed the influence of diabetic nephropathy on the healing prognosis after conservative surgery in diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). A retrospective observational study was carried out between January 2021 and December 2022 and involved 278 outpatients with a diagnosis of DFO at a specialized diabetic foot unit, including 74 (26.62%) patients with DN (group 2) and 204 (73.38%) patients without DN (group 1). There were 266 (95.70%) ulcers on the forefoot, 8 (2.90%) on the midfoot, and 4 (1.45%) on the hindfoot (p = 0.992). The healing rates were 85.1% (n = 63) for group 2 and 81.3% (n = 165) for group 1 (p = 0.457). When exploring the influence of DN on the risk of delayed ulcer healing, the results did not show a significant effect [12 (6; 28) weeks among patients with DN vs. 12 (6; 21) weeks among patients without DN; p = 0.576]. No significant differences were observed in complications, with one (2.59%) death occurring in group 1 (p = 0.296) and three minor amputations being performed in both groups [two (5.13%) amputations in group 1 vs. one amputation (9.09%) in group 2; p = 0.217]. Bone cultures were performed for a total of 190 patients (133 in group 1 and 57 in group 2). Of these, 176 positive bone cultures were isolated: 71 positive bone cultures (57.7%) were monomicrobial cultures in group 1, with 30 (56.6%) in group 2. There were 52 (42.3%) that had at least two microorganisms in group 1, and 23 (43.4%) in group 2 (p = 0.890). The most frequently prescribed oral antibiotic was amoxicillin/clavulanate (43.89%), followed by levofloxacin (28.4%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (14.7%). This study shows that DN does not have a significant influence on the healing prognosis of patients with DFO after conservative surgery.
Correlation between Power Elbow Flexion and Physical Performance Test: A Potential Predictor for Assessing Physical Performance in Older Adults
Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez Sergi , Jovell-Fernández Esther , Cuadra-Llopart Leonor , Rodríguez-Sanz Jacobo , Labata-Lezaun Noé , López-de-Celis Carlos , Bosch Joan , Pérez-Bellmunt Albert
Published: August 2023

Background: With the increasing number of older adults and their declining motor and cognitive function, it is crucial to find alternative methods for assessing physical functionality. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Time Up and Go (TUG) test, the 4 Meter Walk Test and the Barthel Index (BI) have been used to evaluate mobility and fragility and predict falls. But some of these functional test tasks could be difficult to perform for frail older adults or bedridden patients that cannot ambulate. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between these functional tests and the power elbow flexion (PEF test). Material and methods: A correlation study was designed with 41 older adults over 65 years of age. The upper limb muscle power was measured using a linear encoder (VITRUBE VBT) with the flexion of the elbow. Results: Strong correlations were found between the PEF test and the 4mWT (rho = 0.715, p = 0.001) and TUG (rho= −0.768, p = 0.001), indicating that the greater the upper limb muscle power is, the greater physical performance will be. Moderate correlations were also found between the PEF and Barthel Index (rho = 0.495, p = 0.001) and SPPB (rho = 0.650, p < 0.001). Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between PEF and the functional tests, proving that older adults that have greater upper limb muscle power have better physical performance. Upper limb muscle power and PEF could be an interesting tool for the assessment of physical performance in bedridden older adults.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Factor XIa Inhibitors in Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Palaiodimou Lina , Papagiannopoulou Georgia , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Eleftheriou Andreas , Karapanayiotides Theodore , Mitsias Panayiotis D. , Lemmens Robin , Molina Carlos A. , Alexandrov Andrei , Caso Valeria , Shoamanesh Ashkan , Sharma Mukul , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Despite preventive measures, stroke rates remain high in the primary and secondary prevention settings. Factor XIa inhibition may offer a novel, safe and effective antithrombotic option for stroke prevention. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis including all available randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of factor XIa inhibitors versus controls in primary or secondary stroke prevention. The primary efficacy and safety outcomes of interest were symptomatic ischemic stroke (IS) and the composite of major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major bleeding. Results: Four phase II dose-finding RCTs were included, comprising a total of 4732 patients treated with factor XIa inhibitors versus 1798 controls. Treatment with factor XIa inhibitors did not reduce the risk of IS compared to controls (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.67–1.17). The composite of symptomatic IS and covert infarcts on brain MRI (RR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.87–1.18), the composite of symptomatic IS and transient ischemic attack (TIA; RR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61–1.01), and the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.87–1.31) did not differ between the treatment groups. Treatment with factor XIa inhibitors did not increase the risk of the composite of major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major bleeding (RR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.65–2.16), major bleeding alone (RR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.64–2.22), intracranial bleeding (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.26–3.19) or all-cause mortality (RR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.77–1.90). Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides reassuring evidence regarding the safety of factor XIa inhibitors. These findings, coupled with potential signals of efficacy in reducing IS (and TIA), underscore the importance of ongoing phase III RCTs for providing definitive data regarding the effect of factor XIa inhibition on stroke prevention.