bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Solution of Generalized Fractional Integro-Differential Equations via Shifted Gegenbauer Polynomials
Authors: Issa Kazeem , Ridwan Adebayo , Hambali Suleiman Muritala
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we proposed an analytical solution for generalized fractional order integro-differential equations with non-local boundary conditions via shifted Gegenbauer polynomials as an approximating polynomial using the Galerkin method and collocation techniques involving operational matrix that make use of the Liouville-Caputo operator of differentiation in combination with Gegenbauer polynomials. Shifted Gegenbauer polynomial properties were exploited to transform fractional order integro-differential equation and its non-local boundary conditions into an algebraic system of equations. Shifted Gegenbauer polynomial Cm(α)(x) was used in order to generate and generalize the results of some other orthogonal polynomials by varying the value of parameter α. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are tested on some selected examples from the literature. We observed that, when the exact solution is in polynomial form, the approximate solution gives a closed form solution, and non-polynomial exact solution, also give better results compared to the existing results in the literature.
Sustainable Energy Management: Artificial Intelligence-Based Electricity Consumption Prediction in Limited Dataset Environment for Industry Applications
Authors: Chuan Zun Liang , Tan Lit Ken , Chi Chyin Angel Wee , Tham Yim Hin , Ong Shao Jie , Low Jia Yi , Sai Chong Yeh
Published: January 2025

Electricity has been a key driver of global socioeconomic development and sustainability for both developed and developing nations. In Malaysia, electricity is primarily generated by burning fossil fuels, emitting greenhouse gases (GHG) that adversely impact the environment and public health. Therefore, accurately predicting electricity consumption is crucial for economic management, security analysis, facility scheduling for generation and distribution, and maintenance planning. This study aimed to develop a modified stacked ensemble multivariable Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based predictive algorithm, specifically Stacked Simple Linear Regression and Multiple Linear Regression (SLR-MLR), and Stacked Simple Linear Regression and Multiple Non-Linear Regression (SLR-MNLR) utilizing the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISPDM) data science methodology. The proposed AI-based predictive algorithm aimed to provide predictive insights and interpret the impact of significant economic, environmental, and social clustered determinants on electricity consumption in Malaysia. The analysis revealed that the SLR-MLR predictive algorithm better fits Malaysias limited electricity consumption dataset compared to the existing Stacked SLR and e-Support Vector Regression (SLR-e-SVR) and SLR-MNLR predictive algorithms. It identified key economic and environmental clustered determinants that significantly impact electricity consumption in Malaysia. In academia, this study proposed an innovative SLR-MLR predictive algorithm and utilized a novel statistical approach to evaluate and select the superior predictive algorithm. Practically, it offered valuable insights for policymakers to craft efficient regulations, manage the energy sector proactively, and anticipate electricity generation and consumption trends. These contributions align with Malaysias economic and environmental sustainability goals outlined in the Twelfth Malaysia Plan, the Madani Economy Framework, the National Energy Policy 2022-2040, and the National Energy Transition Roadmap (NETR) agenda.
The shift of attention: Salience modulates the local vs global processing of auditory scenes in musicians and non-musicians
Authors: Bouvier Baptiste , Susini Patrick , Ponsot Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

This study addresses how salience shapes the perceptual organization of an auditory scene. A psychophysical task that was introduced previously by Susini, Jiaouan, Brunet, Houix, and Ponsot [(2020). Sci. Rep. 10(1), 16390] was adapted to assess how the ability of non-musicians and expert musicians to detect local/global contour changes in simple hierarchically-organized tone sequences is affected by the relative salience of local information in the timbre dimension. Overall, results show that salience enhanced local processing capacities, at the cost of global processing, suggesting a bottom-up reallocation of attention. Interestingly, for non-musicians, salience caused a reversal of the basic global-over-local processing prioritization as it is typically observed in expert musicians.
Social Support in Physical Activity Interventions for Adults: An Overview of Reviews
Authors: Craig Bobbie-Ann P. , Morrison Lindsay , McDonough Meghan H. , Sabiston Catherine M. , Bennett Erica , Doré Isabelle , Won Stephanie , Manzara Pamela , Culos-Reed S. Nicole , Hewson Jennifer , Kenny Sarah J. , Zimmer Chantelle , Wurz Amanda , Stone Kari , Jones Sian , Toohey Ann , Giancarlo Alexandra , White Krista , McDonough Raynell
Published: January 2025

Reviews exploring social support in physical activity for specific adult populations are numerous. There is a need to synthesize knowledge and translate evidence into practical strategies to enhance social support in physical activity. The objective of this overview of reviews was to synthesize supportive strategies in physical activity contexts for adult populations. Standardized guidelines for conducting and reporting were followed. Twenty-three reviews were identified, and data were summarized narratively. Supportive strategies were categorized into nine social functions: feeling welcomed and included, making physical activity fun, modeling physical activity, providing information, encouragement, mastery feedback, autonomy support, emotional support, and fostering social connections. This review identified supportive strategies that can be transferable to and tailored for a variety of adult populations’ physical activity contexts. Fitness professionals play a key role in tailoring support to individual participants and providing social support for physical activity, coping, and developing relationships.
Biologically relevant integration of transcriptomics profiles from cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenografts, and clinical tumors using deep learning
Authors: Dimitrieva Slavica , Janssens Rens , Li Gang , Szalata Artur , Gopalakrishnan Rajaraman , Parmar Chintan , Kauffmann Audrey , Durand Eric Y.
Published: January 2025

Cell lines and patient-derived xenografts are essential to cancer research; however, the results derived from such models often lack clinical translatability, as they do not fully recapitulate the complex cancer biology. Identifying preclinical models that sufficiently resemble the biological characteristics of clinical tumors across different cancers is critically important. Here, we developed MOBER, Multi-Origin Batch Effect Remover method, to simultaneously extract biologically meaningful embeddings while removing confounder information. Applying MOBER on 932 cancer cell lines, 434 patient-derived tumor xenografts, and 11,159 clinical tumors, we identified preclinical models with greatest transcriptional fidelity to clinical tumors and models that are transcriptionally unrepresentative of their respective clinical tumors. MOBER allows for transformation of transcriptional profiles of preclinical models to resemble the ones of clinical tumors and, therefore, can be used to improve the clinical translation of insights gained from preclinical models. MOBER is a versatile batch effect removal method applicable to diverse transcriptomic datasets, enabling integration of multiple datasets simultaneously.
Viroporin activity is necessary for intercellular calcium signals that contribute to viral pathogenesis
Authors: Gebert J. Thomas , Scribano Francesca J. , Engevik Kristen A. , Huleatt Ethan M. , Eledge Michael R. , Dorn Lauren E. , Philip Asha A. , Kawagishi Takahiro , Greenberg Harry B. , Patton John T. , Hyser Joseph M.
Published: January 2025

Viruses engage in a variety of processes to subvert host defenses and create an environment amenable to replication. Here, using rotavirus as a prototype, we show that calcium conductance out of the endoplasmic reticulum by the virus encoded ion channel,
NSP4
, induces intercellular calcium waves that extend beyond the infected cell and contribute to pathogenesis. Viruses that lack the ability to induce this signaling show diminished viral shedding and attenuated disease in a mouse model of rotavirus diarrhea. This implicates nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) as a virulence factor and provides mechanistic insight into its mode of action. Critically, this signaling induces a transcriptional signature characteristic of interferon-independent innate immune activation, which is not observed in response to a mutant NSP4 that does not conduct calcium. This implicates calcium dysregulation as a means of pathogen recognition, a theme broadly applicable to calcium-altering pathogens beyond rotavirus.
Peptide-drug conjugates repolarize glioblastoma-associated macrophages to resensitize chemo-immunotherapy of glioblastoma
Authors: Li Zhi , Jiang Shaoping , Wang Jie , Li Wenpei , Yang Jun , Liu Weimin , Gao Huile , Huang Yuanyu , Ruan Shaobo
Published: January 2025

The prevalent tumor-supporting glioblastoma-associated macrophages (GAMs) promote glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression and resistance to multiple therapies. Repolarizing GAMs from tumor-supporting to tumor-inhibiting phenotype may troubleshoot. However, sufficient accumulation of drugs at the GBM site is restricted by blood-brain barrier (BBB). Herein, we designed peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) by conjugating camptothecin or resiquimod to a tandem peptide composed of matrix metalloproteinase 2–responsive peptide and angiopep-2 via disulfonyl-ethyl carbonate/carbamate (
MA
PDCs). The mixed self-assembly
MA
PDCs could recognize low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 1 (LRP1) to facilitate BBB transport. Once reaching the GBM site, the responsive peptide would be cleaved to shed the angiopep-2, blocking abluminal LRP1-mediated brain-to-blood efflux and enhancing drug retention. Sequentially, drugs are released under the high level of intracellular glutathione. In vivo studies demonstrated that
MA
PDCs repolarized GAMs, boosted immune response, and resensitized chemotherapeutic toxicity, offering a much-improved anti-GBM effect. The effectiveness of
MA
PDCs validates GAMs as therapeutic target and PDCs as versatile brain delivery system with high design flexibility.
Redefining the limits of actuating fibers via mesophase control: From contraction to elongation
Authors: Lee Jin-Hyeong , Oh Seungjoon , Jeong In-sun , Lee Yoo Jin , Kim Min Chan , Park Jong S. , Hyun Kyu , Ware Taylor H. , Ahn Suk-kyun
Published: January 2025

The development of fibrous actuators with diverse actuation modes is expected to accelerate progress in active textiles, robotics, wearable electronics, and haptics. Despite the advances in responsive polymer-based actuating fibers, the available actuation modes are limited by the exclusive reliance of current technologies on thermotropic contraction along the fiber axis. To address this gap, the present study describes a reversible and spontaneous thermotropic elongation (~30%) in liquid crystal elastomer fibers produced via ultraviolet-assisted melt spinning. This elongation arises from the orthogonal alignment of smectogenic mesogens relative to the fiber axis, which contrasts the parallel alignment typically observed in nematic liquid crystal elastomer fibers and is achieved through mesophase control during extrusion. The fibers exhibiting thermotropic elongation enable active textiles increase pore size in response to temperature increase. The integration of contracting and elongating fibers within a single textile enables spatially distinct actuation, paving the way for innovations in smart clothing and fiber/textile actuators.
Phase I trial comparing bile acid and short-chain fatty acid alterations in stool collected from human subjects treated with omadacycline or vancomycin
Authors: Jo Jinhee , Hu Chenlin , Horvath Thomas D. , Haidacher Sigmund J. , Begum Khurshida , Alam M. Jahangir , Garey Kevin W.
Published: January 2025

Omadacycline, an aminomethylcycline tetracycline, has a low propensity to cause
Clostridioides difficile
infection (CDI) in clinical trials. Omadacycline exhibited a reduced bactericidal effect compared with vancomycin on key microorganisms implicated in bile acid homeostasis and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key components of CDI pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess bile acid and SCFA changes in stool samples from healthy volunteers given omadacycline or vancomycin. Stool samples were collected daily from 16 healthy volunteers, who were given oral omadacycline or vancomycin for 10 days. Daily stool samples were assessed for bile acids and SCFA concentrations using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Bile acids changed significantly over time for all subjects (
P
< 0.01 for each bile acid), with vancomycin causing a larger change in the primary bile acids, cholic acid (
P
< 0.001) and chenodeoxycholic acid (
P
< 0.001), and a reduced change in the secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (
P
< 0.001). The secondary bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid was reduced less by vancomycin than by omadacycline (
P
< 0.001). All SCFA concentrations were reduced from baseline with a larger effect observed with vancomycin for isobutyric acid (
P
= 0.0034), propionic acid (
P
= 0.0012), and acetic acid (
P
= 0.047). Microbial changes associated with the use of vancomycin versus omadacycline were also associated with changes in bile acid homeostasis and SCFA concentrations. Oral omadacycline produced a distinctive metabolomic profile compared with vancomycin when administered to healthy subjects. The metabolic findings help further our understanding of the lower CDI risk properties of omadacycline and warrant phase 2 investigations using omadacycline as a CDI antibiotic.

IMPORTANCE

The purpose of this study was to assess bile acid and SCFA changes in stool samples obtained from healthy volunteers given omadacycline or vancomycin. Stool samples were collected daily from 16 healthy volunteers given a 10-day oral course of omadacycline or vancomycin. Vancomycin caused a larger change in the primary bile acids and SCFA concentrations compared with omadacycline. The metabolic findings help further our understanding of the mechanistic basis for the lower-risk properties of omadacycline causing CDI and warrant phase 2 investigations using omadacycline as a CDI antibiotic.

CLINICAL TRIALS

This study is registered with

ClinicalTrials.gov
as
NCT06030219

.
The impact of FDA-cleared molecular solutions for BK polyomavirus quantitation
Authors: Parikh Bijal A. , Anderson Neil W.
Published: January 2025

Accurate detection and monitoring of BK polyomavirus (BKV) infection is of critical importance in the post-transplant period, guiding treatment decisions that balance the anti-rejection effects of immune suppression with host-protective effects of immune defense. Historically, test methods for BKV have been independently developed by laboratories to address this unmet need. However, these assays can suffer from inconsistencies in analytical variability, which in turn have hindered the establishment of commutable and clinically actionable viral load thresholds for clinical management. As a result, the interpretation of viral load quantitation has not been standardized across transplant centers for the purpose of monitoring patients at highest risk for infection-related complications. In this review, we describe challenges that have historically limited widespread adoption of BKV quantitative testing. We then detail how developments in the field, including optimized amplicon selection, the introduction of an international standard, and the availability of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared methods, have played a role in harmonization of quantitative BKV measurements in the clinical management of transplant recipients.
Heat-related impacts on all-cause emergency hospitalisation differ by area deprivation and urbanicity: a time-stratified case-crossover study in Japan
Authors: Nishimura Hisaaki , Nawa Nobutoshi , Nakaya Tomoki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Fujiwara Takeo
Published: January 2025

Background

Climate-related health impacts have been a global public health concern. Identifying vulnerable populations is critical in implementing adaptation strategies. This study aimed to examine how heat-related impacts on all-cause emergency hospitalisations differ by area deprivation and urbanicity.

Methods

All-cause emergency hospitalisations were identified in the Japanese nationwide administrative database during the warm season between 2011 and 2019. A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted to examine short-term associations between daily mean temperature and hospitalisation. Days of heat exposure were defined as days when the daily mean temperature exceeded the minimum morbidity temperature (ie, temperature with the lowest relative risk between the 25th and the 75th percentiles of the daily mean temperature distribution). Analyses were stratified by area deprivation index and urbanicity. Heat-related excess hospitalisations were quantified using the population attributable fraction (PAF), derived as a fraction of heat-attributable emergency hospitalisations to the total number of emergency hospitalisations for all study subjects or within specific subgroups.

Results

We identified 5 914 084 hospitalisations. Among all study subjects, PAF for heat-related excess hospitalisations was 1.69% (95% CI 1.54% to 1.87%). PAF for heat-related excess hospitalisations was more pronounced in people living in the most deprived areas (1.87%, 95% CI 1.68% to 2.06%) than those in the least deprived (1.19%, 95% CI 0.98% to 1.41%) and in urban populations (2.03%, 95% CI 1.78% to 2.30%) than rural ones (1.42% (95%CI 1.24% to 1.60%)). When further stratified by deprivation and urbanicity simultaneously, PAF for heat-related excess hospitalisations was most significant among urban populations living in the most deprived areas (2.62%, 95% CI 2.26% to 3.03%).

Conclusion

These findings revealed that individuals living in the most deprived areas in urban settings were particularly vulnerable to heat exposure. Adaptation strategies tailored to socioeconomic and geographical inequalities can potentially reduce future heat-related health impacts.
Twenty-first century alienation and health: a research agenda
Authors: Baum Fran , Anaf Julia , Freeman Toby , Musolino Connie , van den Berg Miriam , Friel Sharon , Schram Ashley
Published: January 2025

Alienation has been used as a crucial concept to describe the negative psychosocial impacts that stem from the ways production and consumption are organised in Marxist and non-Marxist traditions. The psychosocial impacts it generates are mediated through stress pathways to increase non-communicable physical and mental illnesses. There has been little empirical research on the impact of alienation on health and ways in which the impact might be reduced. This paper sets out an Alienation, Health and Well-being research agenda. We propose two hypotheses: (1) that processes of production and consumption in 21st century capitalism leads to alienation which underpins a significant degree of mental illness and non-communicable disease; and (2) reductions in prevalence of mental illness and non-communicable disease requires public policies which regulate market behaviour in favour of measures which reduce the alienating impacts of processes of production and consumption.
A cultivar/soil selection protocol for simulating weather impacts on regional crop yield
Authors: Simon Kemp I. , Warland Jon S.
Published: January 2025

Crop yield simulation can facilitate understanding and support policy response to climate warming. DSSAT modelling is dependable when the crop varieties characterised can manifest realistic yield-responses to weather and hence climate, in a location of interest. We strived to minimise field trial and cultivar calibration resources. Our primary objective was to identify in-built DSSAT cultivars, which when used with representations of local soils can simulate the observed maize and soybean yields of 1987–2016, across 12 counties in Southwestern Ontario. These cultivars/soils were then utilised to disaggregate historic weather contribution to trending yields, but they can otherwise serve climate projection impact studies, as envisioned. Technology had contributed to progressive time-based increases in measured yields. Hence, a mixed nRMSE and r2 factor (MSF ≤ 1) enabled quick and decisive cultivar/soil selections, conditioned on closer matching simulated yield levels and variations with measured. Pio-3563 (maize) and Pio-9202 (soybean) were among the cultivars selected. Northern and southern subregional composites of simulated county yields, from final selections, compared with measured at nRMSE ≤ 0.20 and r2 ≥ 0.53, the best values being nRMSE ≈ 0.08 with r2 ≈ 0.80 (soybean) in the south. Modelling indicated 60% and 52% climate warming contributions to increased maize and soybean yields, respectively, across Southwestern Ontario. These percentages mostly agreed with those of other investigators using statistical methods for weather impact evaluations, which were utilised for final validation of our selections. An additional finding was that northern weather contributed 35%, while southern weather contributed 70% to increased subregional soybean yields.
Intelligent Music Education System: Utilizing Algorithms for Personalized Learning Experience
Authors: Lin Fei , Chen Fan
Published: January 2025

The integration of intelligent technologies in music education heralds a new era, facilitating personalized learning experiences. This paper explores innovative approaches to enhance music education through algorithmic solutions. The aim of the study is to develop an intelligent Music Education System (MES) that harnesses algorithms to create personalized learning paths for students. A dataset comprising students’ online music learning behaviors, capturing various aspects of their interaction with music education platforms is utilized. Data pre-processing involves standardization and normalization techniques to ensure consistency. The Intelligent Generative Adversarial Network (IGAN) is employed for the automatic generation of music accompaniment, while a Redefined Adam Optimization (RAO) algorithm is utilized to optimize the recommendation process for personalized learning paths. This system incorporates intelligent algorithms to provide adaptive learning experiences tailored to individual student needs, fostering improved engagement and outcomes. Preliminary results indicate significant enhancements in student performance with a marked increase in final course grades compared to traditional methods. The proposed RAO-GAN strategy fared better than the conventional approaches, with student satisfaction ratings of 94.5%, skill advancement scores of 94%, and emotional expression ability scores of 93%. In personalized music learning, the proposed RAO-IGAN strategy showed remarkably consistent performance across the main parameters, with precision, [Formula: see text]1-Score, recall and accuracy of 0.99, 0.98, 0.98 and 0.99. The established intelligent MES successfully merges music education with advanced algorithms, offering a framework for cultivating innovative musical talents through personalized learning experiences.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Cross-Language Communication Network: Using Neural Network to Improve Foreign Language Translation
Authors: Bai Ling , Zhang Kai
Published: January 2025

Translating written or spoken words from one language to another while preserving their original intent, meaning, and tone is referred to as language translation and it is both an art and a science. Communication across linguistic borders is made possible by language translation, which is essential for tying people, businesses, and cultures together. Translation issues include mistranslated words and the challenge of translating lengthy sentences. We researched sentence-level machine translation techniques based on deep learning and developed an electronic dictionary for Chinese and English. In this study, we proposed a novel battle royale dynamic recurrent neural network (BR-DRNN) for translating Chinese to English. In this research, we gathered information from the WiLI- dataset. The suggested approach and translation model have been used to train the data. The proposed method is compared to the other existing algorithms. The result shows the BR-DRNN has better performance in terms of accuracy, BLEU score, precision, recall, and F1-score than other algorithms. This study highlights artificial intelligence’s (AI) potential to transform language communication by providing a scalable and effective solution. The translation system powered by a neural network improves communication in a variety of circumstances.
Linear mappings like Lie homomorphisms in zero products on a class of locally convex algebras
Authors: Ghahramani Hoger , Zivari-Kazempour Abbas
Published: January 2025

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be locally convex algebras and [Formula: see text] be a continuous linear map satisfying [Formula: see text] In this paper, we show on a class of locally convex algebras [Formula: see text] that [Formula: see text] is a Lie homomorphism. Also, we provide a characterization of Lie derivations through zero products on this class of locally convex algebras. Finally, we use our main results for von Neumann algebras, standard operator algebras and nest algebras.
Computing Hamiltonian Paths with Partial Order Restrictions
Authors: Beisegel Jesse , Ratajczak Fabienne , Scheffler Robert
Published: January 2025

When solving the Hamiltonian path problem it seems natural to be given additional precedence constraints for the order in which the vertices are visited. For example, one could decide whether a Hamiltonian path exists for a fixed starting point, or that some vertices are visited before another vertex. We consider the problem of finding a Hamiltonian path that observes all precedence constraints given in a partial order on the vertex set. We show that this problem is
NP
-complete even if restricted to complete bipartite graphs and posets of height 2. In contrast, for posets of width 
k
there is a known

\(\mathcal {O}\)

(
k
2
n

k

) algorithm for arbitrary graphs with
n
vertices. We show that it is unlikely that the running time of this algorithm can be improved significantly, i.e., there is no
f(k) n

o(k)

time algorithm under the assumption of the Exponential Time Hypothesis. Furthermore, for the class of outerplanar graphs, we give an

\(\mathcal {O}\)

(
n
2
) algorithm for arbitrary posets.
Synthesis of Nickel-Based Electrocatalysts on Carbon Fiber for Maximum Active Sites Exposed: An Efficient Hydrogen Evolution 3D Electrode
Authors: Do Ha Huu , Tran Nguyen Tien , Truong Hai Bang , Kim Soo Young
Published: January 2025

The exploration of high-efficiency electrodes for alkaline water electrolysis is significant in the advancement of hydrogen energy, minimizing the influence of CO2 emission to the environment. Ni-based materials have been evaluated as potential electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because of their promising catalytic activities, low cost, and remarkable durability. In this work, we synthesized a Ni-based metal-organic framework on carbon fiber (CF) through the hydrothermal method, followed by pyrolysis to create Ni metal particles implanted on carbon frameworks (Ni/C/CF). The Ni/C/CF catalyst displayed a higher catalytic efficiency than Ni/C powder. The Ni/C/CF electrode needs an overpotential of 117 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2 and remarkable durability, which was confirmed by 2000 cycles and 12 h of continuous hydrogen production. This performance was attributed to the effectiveness of CF with a three-dimensional structure, favoring more exposed active sites and efficient electron transport. Moreover, carbon frameworks, inherited from MOF materials, preserve catalytic sites and avoid the aggregation of Ni nanoparticles, maximizing active sites for HER. The results of this work could bring a potential direction for the preparation of transition metal-based materials on CF as efficient non-binder electrodes for HER.
Bile acid sequestrant inhibits gluconeogenesis via inducing hepatic cysteine dioxygenase type 1 to reduce cysteine availability
Authors: Matye David J. , Wang Huaiwen , Wang Yifeng , Xiong Lei , Li Tiangang
Published: January 2025

Hepatic cysteine availability is a key driver of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Bile acid sequestrant inhibits gluconeogenesis by inducing CDO1-mediated cysteine catabolism to reduce cysteine availability. Dietary protein restriction causes hepatic cysteine deficiency without overall amino acid deficiency. The glucose-lowering effect of dietary protein restriction is largely mediated by lower dietary cysteine intake. The anti-obesity effect of chronic dietary protein restriction is largely mediated by lower dietary cysteine intake.
Community Engagement to Inform Multilevel Analyses of the Role of Neighborhood Factors in Cancer Control Behaviors in African Americans
Authors: Knott Cheryl L. , McCullers Asli , Woodard Nathaniel , Aldana Valerie , Williams Beverly R. , Clark Eddie M. , Schootman Mario , Park Crystal L. , He Xin , Ghosh Debarchana
Published: January 2025

Background:

Although community engagement has had a substantial presence in public health research, community input to inform geospatial and health analyses remains underutilized and novel. This article reports on community engagement activities to solicit stakeholder perspectives on the role of neighborhood conditions in health and cancer. We discuss how this community input refined an a priori conceptual model to be tested in the larger Families, Friends, and Neighborhoods Study.

Methods:

We conducted semistructured virtual interviews with 82 stakeholders (e.g., community and faith leaders, educators, and healthcare workers) across four states (Maryland, Connecticut, Alabama, and Missouri). Participants discussed the impact where a person lives can have on their health and cancer risk. We subsequently convened a virtual group discussion with 17 randomly selected interviewees. Our study team individually reviewed discussion notes, which were synthesized into a consensus document.

Results:

In addition to constructs from the original conceptual model, participants identified neighborhood-level factors not present in the original model, including K-12 educational quality, local property investment, homelessness, public transportation infrastructure, proximity to healthcare facilities, environmental toxin exposures, access to healthy foods, and cost of living. These factors will be incorporated into the Families, Friends, and Neighborhoods Study analytic models.

Conclusions:

Although geospatial analyses in health research have not traditionally employed community engagement techniques, this study illustrates the value of informing multilevel analytic models with the lived experiences of those negatively affected by neighborhood conditions that underlie the risk, prevention, and screening behaviors driving cancer incidence and mortality.

Impact:

Future social epidemiology research can be enriched through community engagement.
Supplementary Methods1 from Analysis of Shared Variants between Cancer Biospecimens
Authors: Foote Michael B. , White James Robert , Chatila Walid K. , Argilés Guillem , Lu Steve , Rousseau Benoit , Artz Oliver , Johannet Paul , Walch Henry , Patel Mitesh , Lamendola-Essel Michelle F. , Casadevall David , Abdelfattah Somer , Patel Shrey , Yaeger Rona , Cercek Andrea , Montagut Clara , Berger Michael , Schultz Nikolaus , Diaz Luis A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Methods
Supplementary Figures and Tables1 from Analysis of Shared Variants between Cancer Biospecimens
Authors: Foote Michael B. , White James Robert , Chatila Walid K. , Argilés Guillem , Lu Steve , Rousseau Benoit , Artz Oliver , Johannet Paul , Walch Henry , Patel Mitesh , Lamendola-Essel Michelle F. , Casadevall David , Abdelfattah Somer , Patel Shrey , Yaeger Rona , Cercek Andrea , Montagut Clara , Berger Michael , Schultz Nikolaus , Diaz Luis A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figures and Supplementary Table Headings
Supplementary Table S5 from A First-in-Human Study of Cinrebafusp Alfa, a HER2/4-1BB Bispecific Molecule, in Patients with HER2-Positive Advanced Solid Malignancies
Authors: Piha-Paul Sarina , Olwill Shane A. , Hamilton Erika , Tolcher Anthony , Pohlmann Paula , Liu Stephen V. , Wurzenberger Cornelia , Hasenkamp Laura-Carolin , Hansbauer Eva-Maria , Shroff Rachna , Hurvitz Sara , Krishnamurthy Anuradha , Patnaik Amita , Hahn Noah , Kumar Raman , Duerr Manuela , Zettl Markus , Aviano Kayti , Matis Louis , Bruns Ingmar , Ku Geoffrey
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table S5. Measurement of IL18 in peripheral blood during cycle 1 of treatment with cinrebafusp alfa.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Re-Irradiation Plus Pembrolizumab: A Phase II Study for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Tanguturi Shyam K. , Nayak Lakshmi , Wang Tony J. , Desai Arati , Lustig Robert A. , Bagley Stephen , Wong Eric T. , Hertan Lauren M. , McCluskey Christine , Hayden Julia , Muzikansky Alona , Nakhawa Shreya , Japo Julia , Bossi Connor C. , Meylan Maxime , Tian Ye , Barlow Graham L. , Speliakos Paul , Ayoub Georges , Meredith David M. , Ligon Keith L. , Haas-Kogan Daphne , Huang Kun , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 4. CODEX analysis of tumor PD-L1 expression patterns. (A) PD-L1 expression was detected in NCAM-1+ tumor cells surrounding by hypoxia region as detected by CA9 staining. (B) PD-L1 expression was also observed in GFAP+ tumor cells surrounded in the vicinity of apoptotic tumor cells (cleaved caspase-3 detection).
Supplementary Figure S3 from Re-Irradiation Plus Pembrolizumab: A Phase II Study for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Tanguturi Shyam K. , Nayak Lakshmi , Wang Tony J. , Desai Arati , Lustig Robert A. , Bagley Stephen , Wong Eric T. , Hertan Lauren M. , McCluskey Christine , Hayden Julia , Muzikansky Alona , Nakhawa Shreya , Japo Julia , Bossi Connor C. , Meylan Maxime , Tian Ye , Barlow Graham L. , Speliakos Paul , Ayoub Georges , Meredith David M. , Ligon Keith L. , Haas-Kogan Daphne , Huang Kun , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 3. Digital quantification from immunohistochemistry. Digital quantification from immunohistochemistry for T cell subsets and marker analysis from paired tumor samples for five patients enrolled to cohort A.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Re-Irradiation Plus Pembrolizumab: A Phase II Study for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Iwamoto Fabio M. , Tanguturi Shyam K. , Nayak Lakshmi , Wang Tony J. , Desai Arati , Lustig Robert A. , Bagley Stephen , Wong Eric T. , Hertan Lauren M. , McCluskey Christine , Hayden Julia , Muzikansky Alona , Nakhawa Shreya , Japo Julia , Bossi Connor C. , Meylan Maxime , Tian Ye , Barlow Graham L. , Speliakos Paul , Ayoub Georges , Meredith David M. , Ligon Keith L. , Haas-Kogan Daphne , Huang Kun , Wucherpfennig Kai W. , Wen Patrick Y. , Reardon David A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure 1. CODEX panel and experimental procedure. CODEX panel used to identify tumor cell subpopulations, immune cell populations and key cellular markers. (B) Experimental workflow for 5 pre- and post-treatment FFPE samples. ROIs were selected for multiplexed imaging and downstream analysis. (C) U Map clusters show major cell populations. Immune populations showed similar clustering in pre- and post- treatment samples.
Supplementary Figure S1 from A First-in-Human Study of Cinrebafusp Alfa, a HER2/4-1BB Bispecific Molecule, in Patients with HER2-Positive Advanced Solid Malignancies
Authors: Piha-Paul Sarina , Olwill Shane A. , Hamilton Erika , Tolcher Anthony , Pohlmann Paula , Liu Stephen V. , Wurzenberger Cornelia , Hasenkamp Laura-Carolin , Hansbauer Eva-Maria , Shroff Rachna , Hurvitz Sara , Krishnamurthy Anuradha , Patnaik Amita , Hahn Noah , Kumar Raman , Duerr Manuela , Zettl Markus , Aviano Kayti , Matis Louis , Bruns Ingmar , Ku Geoffrey
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S1. Mean concentration of s4-1BB over time during treatment.
Supplementary Video S2 from Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Reinecke James B. , Jimenez Garcia Leyre , Gross Amy C. , Cam Maren , Cannon Matthew V. , Gust Matthew J. , Sheridan Jeffrey P. , Gryder Berkley E. , Dries Ruben , Roberts Ryan D.
Published: January 2025

Metastasis thick tissue epithelial z-stack
Supplementary Figure S7 from Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Reinecke James B. , Jimenez Garcia Leyre , Gross Amy C. , Cam Maren , Cannon Matthew V. , Gust Matthew J. , Sheridan Jeffrey P. , Gryder Berkley E. , Dries Ruben , Roberts Ryan D.
Published: January 2025

Mechanistic and pharmacodynamic effects of nintedanib
Supplementary Figure S3 from Aberrant Activation of Wound-Healing Programs within the Metastatic Niche Facilitates Lung Colonization by Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Reinecke James B. , Jimenez Garcia Leyre , Gross Amy C. , Cam Maren , Cannon Matthew V. , Gust Matthew J. , Sheridan Jeffrey P. , Gryder Berkley E. , Dries Ruben , Roberts Ryan D.
Published: January 2025

Chronic wound epithelial cells (KRT8+) accumulate in human patient osteosarcoma lung metastasis
Supplementary Table S2 from A Phase II Open-Label, Randomized Clinical Trial of Atezolizumab with or without Human Recombinant IL-7 (CYT107) in Advanced Urothelial Cancer
Authors: Sweis Randy F. , Chatta Gurkamal S. , Jain Rohit K. , Moon Helen , Delacroix Scott Edward , Fang Alana , D’Amico Leonard , Kask Angela Shaulov , Cheever Martin A. , Fling Steven , Sharon Elad , Lacroix Andreanne , Kaiser Judith C. , Pachynski Russell K. , Yu Evan Y.
Published: January 2025

Clinical outcomes
Supplementary Table S3 from A Tumor-Naïve ctDNA Assay Detects Minimal Residual Disease in Resected Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer and Predicts Recurrence: Subset Analysis from the GALAXY Study in CIRCULATE-Japan
Authors: Nakamura Yoshiaki , Kaneva Kristiyana , Lo Christine , Neems Daniel , Freaney Jonathan E. , Boulos Hala , Hyun Seung Won , Islam Farahnaz , Yamada-Hanff Jason , Driessen Terri M. , Sonnenschein Anne , DeSantis Dana F. , Kotani Daisuke , Watanabe Jun , Kotaka Masahito , Mishima Saori , Bando Hideaki , Yamazaki Kentaro , Taniguchi Hiroya , Takemasa Ichiro , Kato Takeshi , Sangli Chithra , Tell Robert , Blidner Richard , Yoshino Takayuki , Sasser Kate , Oki Eiji , Nimeiri Halla
Published: January 2025

Table S3. Summary statistics at LMT and longitudinal time points
Supplementary Table S6 from Phase Ib Clinical and Pharmacodynamic Study of the TIE2 Kinase Inhibitor Rebastinib with Paclitaxel or Eribulin in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Anampa Jesus D. , Flynn Daniel L. , Leary Cynthia , Oh Sun , Xue Xiaonan , Oktay Maja H. , Condeelis John S. , Sparano Joseph A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Table S6 shows Treatment Related Adverse Events of Special Interest in patients treated with rebastinib (n = 27).
Figure S4 from Divergent Clinical and Immunologic Outcomes Based on STK11 Co-mutation Status in Resectable KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancers Following Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Rosner Samuel , Connor Sydney , Sanber Khaled , Zahurak Marianna , Zhang Tianbei , Gurumurthy Isha , Zeng Zhen , Presson Brad , Singh Dipika , Rayes Roni , Sivapalan Lavanya , Pereira Gavin , Ji Zhicheng , Thummalapalli Rohit , Reuss Joshua E. , Broderick Stephen R. , Jones David R. , Deutsch Julie S. , Cottrell Tricia R. , Chaft Jamie E. , Spicer Jonathan , Taube Janis , Anagnostou Valsamo , Brahmer Julie R. , Pardoll Drew M. , Ji Hongkai , Forde Patrick M. , Marrone Kristen A. , Smith Kellie N.
Published: January 2025

Figure S4
Supplementary Figure S10 from Phase Ib Clinical and Pharmacodynamic Study of the TIE2 Kinase Inhibitor Rebastinib with Paclitaxel or Eribulin in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Anampa Jesus D. , Flynn Daniel L. , Leary Cynthia , Oh Sun , Xue Xiaonan , Oktay Maja H. , Condeelis John S. , Sparano Joseph A.
Published: January 2025

Supplementary Figure S10 shows overall survival (OS) in all patients (A) and stratified by treatment (B). Abbreviations: E, eribulin; P, paclitaxel; R, rebastinib.
Supplementary Table S1 from A Phase II Basket Trial of Dual Anti–CTLA-4 and Anti–PD-1 Blockade in Rare Tumors SWOG S1609: Vulvar Cancers
Authors: Chae Young Kwang , Corthell Lucy , Patel Sandip Pravin , Edwards Robert , Scalici Jennifer M. , Kim Hye Sung , Chung Liam Il-Young , Othus Megan , McLeod Christine M. , Chen Helen X. , Sharon Elad , Streicher Howard , Ryan Christopher W. , Blanke Charles D. , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: January 2025

Patient level data of 16 evaluable patients with vulvar cancers treated on the DART immunotherapy protocol
Data from Quantitative and Morphology-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network Approaches for Osteosarcoma Survival Prediction in the Neoadjuvant and Metastatic Settings
Authors: Coudray Nicolas , Occidental Michael A. , Mantilla Jose G. , Claudio Quiros Adalberto , Yuan Ke , Balko Jan , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Jour George
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurpose:
Necrosis quantification in the neoadjuvant setting using pathology slide review is the most important validated prognostic marker in conventional osteosarcoma. Herein, we explored three deep-learning strategies on histology samples to predict outcome for osteosarcoma in the neoadjuvant setting.
Experimental Design:
Our study relies on a training cohort from New York University (NYU; New York, NY) and an external cohort from Charles University (Prague, Czechia). We trained and validated the performance of a supervised approach that integrates neural network predictions of necrosis/tumor content and compared predicted overall survival (OS) using Kaplan–Meier curves. Furthermore, we explored morphology-based supervised and self-supervised approaches to determine whether intrinsic histomorphologic features could serve as a potential marker for OS in the neoadjuvant setting.
Results:
Excellent correlation between the trained network and pathologists was obtained for the quantification of necrosis content (R2 = 0.899; r = 0.949; P < 0.0001). OS prediction cutoffs were consistent between pathologists and the neural network (22% and 30% of necrosis, respectively). The morphology-based supervised approach predicted OS; P = 0.0028, HR = 2.43 (1.10–5.38). The self-supervised approach corroborated the findings with clusters enriched in necrosis, fibroblastic stroma, and osteoblastic morphology associating with better OS [log-2 hazard ratio (lg2 HR); −2.366; −1.164; −1.175; 95% confidence interval, (−2.996 to −0.514)]. Viable/partially viable tumor and fat necrosis were associated with worse OS [lg2 HR; 1.287; 0.822; 0.828; 95% confidence interval, (0.38–1.974)].
Conclusions:
Neural networks can be used to automatically estimate the necrosis to tumor ratio, a quantitative metric predictive of survival. Furthermore, we identified alternate histomorphologic biomarkers specific to the necrotic and tumor regions, which could serve as predictors.
Data from Metabolic Tumor Volume Assessed by 18F FDG–PET CT Scan as a Predictive Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Blockers in Advanced NSCLC and Its Biological Correlates
Authors: Dall’Olio Filippo G. , Zrafi Wael , Roelants Veronique , Ambrosini Valentina , Fourquet Aloyse , Mitea Cristina , Passiglia Francesco , Bauckneht Matteo , Bonardel Gerald , Conci Nicole , Benitez Jose Carlos , Arena Vincenzo , Namour Céline , Naigeon Marie , Monnet Isabelle , Beshiri Kristi , Hoton Delphine , Dursun Safiye , Danlos François Xavier , Argalia Giulia , Aldea Mihaela , Rovera Guido , Derosa Lisa , Iebba Valerio , Gietema Hester A. , Gounant Valerie , Lacroix Valérie , Remon Jordi , Gautheret Daniel , Chaput Nathalie , Job Bastien , Kannouche Patricia L. , Velasco-Nuño Monica , Zitvogel Laurence , Cella Eugenia , Chícharo de Freitas José Reinaldo , Vasseur Damien , Bettaieb Mohamed Aymen , Tagliamento Marco , Hendriks Lizza , Italiano Antoine , Planchard David , Marabelle Aurelien , Barlesi Fabrice , Novello Silvia , De Andreis Desiree , Aboubakar Nana Frank , Ardizzoni Andrea , Zalcman Gerard , Garcia Camilo , Besse Benjamin
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurpose:
This study aimed to explore metabolic tumor volume (MTV) as assessed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography (18F-FDG–PET/CT) and understand its biological meaning in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) exposed to immune checkpoint blockers (ICB).
Experimental Design:
In this study, patients with advanced NSCLC and a positive PET scan within 42 days of first-line treatment were enrolled in 11 institutions across four countries. Total MTV (tMTV) was analyzed, with a 42% maximum standardized uptake value threshold. Survival was analyzed according to high tMTV (≥median). Plasma proteomic profile, whole exome, transcriptome, and other analyses were performed on monocentric cohorts to explore its biological correlates.
Results:
Of the 518 patients included, 167 received ICBs, 257 had chemotherapy plus ICBs, and 94 had chemotherapy. Median tMTV was 99 cm3. Median overall survival (OS) for patients with high tMTV treated with ICBs was 11.4 vs. 29.6 months (P < 0.0012) for those with low tMTV. In patients who received chemotherapy–ICB, tMTV did not correlate with OS (P = 0.099). In patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥1% and high tMTV, chemotherapy–ICB combination was associated with longer OS compared with ICBs alone (20 vs. 11.4 months; P = 0.026), while no survival differences were observed in the low tMTV group. High tMTV correlated (and its detrimental effect seems to be driven) with a specific proteomic profile and increase in genomic instability.
Conclusions:
Our analysis indicates high tMTV is linked to an increase in systemic inflammation, specific cytokines production, and chromosomal instability. tMTV may serve as one of the biomarkers to select the best upfront strategy in patients with PD-L1–positive advanced NSCLC.