bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implications of disability severity on 24-hour movement guideline adherence among children with neurodevelopmental disorders in the United States
Authors: Brown Denver M. Y. , McPhee Patrick , Kwan Matthew , Timmons Brian
Published: May 2021

Background: Research has established beneficial associations between 24-hour movement guideline adherence and several health outcomes in typically developing (TD) children, but these relationships are poorly understood in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). This study examined: (1) 24-hour movement guideline adherence; (2) the influence of disability severity; and (3) associations between guideline adherence and health outcomes in children with NDD and TD children.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2018-2019 cycles of the US National Survey of Children's Health. Parental/caregiver reports of movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep), disability severity (limitations to daily activities) and health outcomes (general health status, anxiety, and depression) were provided for 8,554 children with NDD and 19,669 TD children aged 6-17 years. Results: Children with NDD had significantly lower odds of meeting each movement behavior guideline compared to TD children and these effects were most pronounced for those who experienced consistent limitations to daily activities. Meeting at least two guidelines significantly lowered the odds for anxiety and depression, and increased the odds for better general health for children with NDD.Discussion: These findings suggest degree of disability severity has a strong influence on adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines among children with NDD.
Client Satisfaction: Key Factors to Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs)
Authors: Lamichhane Basu Dev
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the analytical picture of client protection strategy. This is descriptive research design. Client's is an important part for instutional governace which interact different parties i.e. policy makers, political leaders, social leader/activist and gurdians of microfinance members. Responsible financing helps to Neplease microfinance institutions (MFIs) to retain clients in microfinance institutions. MFIs needs clear vision and policy regarding client's retention. MFIs need to create the healthy and favaurable environment of microfinance sector. Responsible financial inclusion focus on transprant in the pricing, terms and condition of all financial products. It works with clients so they do not borrow more money than they can repay or use products that they do not need. The conclusions of the study shows that an appropriate product design and delivery, preventation of over-indebtedness, transparency, responsible pricing, fair and respectful treatment of clients, privacy of client data and mechanisms for complaint resolution is best way for the operational and financial sustainability of microfinance institutions. The findings of the study will benefited policy makers and leader of microfinance institutions. Accodingly, this paper explores the state of responsible financial knowledge and practices, with a focus on client protection and client's satisfaction strategies on the basis of review of best practices.
Effectiveness of virtual class for Pre-primary level
Authors: Singh Daman Bahadur
Published: May 2021

The age of students studying in pre-primary class is 3 to 6 years. Their psychology and comprehension are different from those of adults. The curriculum and lesson plans developed for them differ from those in the adult age group. While teaching them, lessons should be planned by playing games and having fun. Physically present in the classroom and conducting teaching activities will be more effective for the students of this boomer group. To maintain the discipline of the students of this age group in virtual class not so easy. It is difficult to give homework, teaching through different types of learning skills is not difficult, to follow them time is difficult , give necessary instructions is difficult, draw attention to reading and conduct whole-class activities through games and entertainment is also difficult to maintain in a virtual class. This study has clarified that the virtual class for this level of students is not suitable.
Catastrophic Household Health Expenditures and its Poverty Impact (A Case Study of Rural and Urban Area of Eastern Chitwan)
Authors: Giri Krishna
Published: May 2021

The principle of "health as a fundamental right of the people" is enshrined in the constitution of Nepal 2072 which has guided the state’s obligation towards good health for all Nepali people. In order to ensure this constitutional obligation there is a need to provide equitable health services that factor in differences in geographical area, gender, caste and economic conditions. The study describes the field study on the catastrophic health expenditure and its impact on poverty in Ratnanagar municipality and shaktikhor village of eastern chitwan. The people in the study area are highly affected by catastrophic health expenditure. Catastrophic health expenditure is experienced by all socio- economic groups but severe impoverishment impact is experienced by poor. The impact of out-of pocket payments for health care can become catastrophic over time and can significantly affect the living standards, welfare and poverty of individuals or household.

The study is based on primary as well as secondary data. Primary data were collected from primary sources. The sources of primary data are obviously based on the information obtained from the head of the households. A household survey and group discussion techniques were used to obtain statistical data and required information.

The findings reveal that 28 percent of the total studied households are experiencing catastrophic health expenditure. 7 percent of the household are poor and 6 percent of the households fall below the poverty line because of the health expenditure.  It was also found that the normalized poverty gap as 1.97 percent whiles the poverty gap after deduction of OOP is 2.65 percent (an increase by 0.68 percent). This indicates a percentage point change by 34.5 percent of the conventional poverty gap.
The Class of Social Capital: A Case Study in Barpak Village Coping and Recovering Process after the Gorkha Earthquake 2015
Authors: Devkota Narayani
Published: May 2021

Social capital is one most important attribution of a resilient community. It is manifested in a human relationship or network between the community member such as family, friends, relatives, neighbourhood, membership on a formal and informal group of society, colleague and so on. This article is about the role of Social Capital to cope at the time of Gorkha Earthquake 2015 in  Barpak Village. The article is based on the primary data, which is collected through the interview with 28 ordinary people and a leader of Barpak Village after the Gorkha Earthquake 2015.

In this article, I focused on a few key areas of social capital such as family, friendship and neighbourhood, people's involvement in the local level institution, job pattern or profession of a villager, social norm and value as responsibility for fellow community member, collective mobilization in the aftermath of the earthquake.

 In the Course of my research I found the reality that social capital also closely tied with economic capital. In the rescue and relief time social capital work for all villagers or community members. But when villagers started to rebuild their house, economic capital became a core of social capital.
Olympian Myth and Gender Performitivity in Angela Carter’s The Passion of New Eve
Authors: Singh Raj Kishor
Published: May 2021

The Passion of New Eve is an Angela Carter’s critical response to the essentialism of the feminism of 1970s. People had assumption that female experience should be white, middle-class and heterosexual. This assumption has been distorted in the novel with the sense that, traditionally, gender is a social and cultural construct, and this has been illustrated in the story by showing how New Eve acquires womanhood through the socio-cultural situation in Zero’s harem and also while Eve is in love relationship with Tristessa. In her novel, Carter presents Evelyn as a model of gender transfer and acquisition. Greek myth and Carter’s myth have a good blending meta-narrative relationship, a mytho-grand-narrative. Mother is a good example of the Greek myth of Tiresias, a Hermaphrodite. Mother’s hermaphrodite body is used as a grotesque and Carnivalesque body similar to that of Tiresias. Evelyn feels horror at the grotesque and Carnivalesque, physical excesses of the body figure of Mother and expresses revulsion at the sight, but later he himself is turned into a mythic and monstrous being, like Greek god Androgynes, with both male and female physical and psychical features, and in case of Evelyn, with the body of a female but the mind of a man. Angela Carter presents a grotesque realism in the novel, and it is postmodernistic in characteristic because it subverts the patriarchal myths of femininity and masculinity and makes a strong debatable argument over essentializing and universalizing tendencies in the feminism of the 1970s, with the allusions to Greek myths and the biblical story of Adam and Eve. The novel confirms de Beauvoir’s theory that one is not born but rather becomes a woman. Through New Eve, we learn the postmodernistic fact raised by the feminists that biological sex and culturally determined gendered one are not the same, but two different things.
Disability and Normalcy as Constructs in Doris Lessing’s The Fifth Child
Authors: Subedi Shankar
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to analyze Doris Lessing’s The Fifth Child as story with a special focus on abnormal child Ben who is born with Down’s syndrome and how society fear his difference and play an important role in constructing what is termed as disability. The young English couple, Harriet and David Lavatt move from a romanticized ideal to hazardous situations with the conception and birth of the fifth child, Ben who is described throughout the novel as an animal, an alien or a kind of monstrous baby or the baby of a monster. The disabled baby exercises an evil and destructive force upon the family. The novel ends with the formerly happy couple and family scattered across England and the family members have been physically and emotionally traumatized due to the birth of the abnormal baby ‘Ben’. The mother’s desire for a unconventionally large family is also a sign of abnormality. She refuses the social and class conventions that dictate small families. She also refuses medical technologies and interventions during conception and at birth. This serves to prove that concepts like normalcy and disability are socially constructed and can be challenged. For the purpose of theory the paper draws on the ideas related to normalcy and disability from The Disability Studies Reader edited by Lennard J Davis.
An Analysis of Online Class of Postgraduate Course Conducted by Saraswati Multiple Campus during COVID-19 in Lockdown Period
Authors: Upadhyaya Yadav Mani
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 has changed the way people around the world change their daily lives. Such a change took place not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. Such daily changes took place in the educational sector of the country as well as in other sectors. As a result, Saraswati Multiple Campus also changed its old academic calendar to conduct online classes. This article aims to inform all about the online classes conducted by Saraswati Multiple Campus during the lockdown period of COVID-19. This article is descriptive. However, in general, 60 students have been asked three questions each online and the data has been collected and explained based on that. Similarly, the general method for interpreting online classes is based on online information published by Tribhuvan University at different times, online information published by the campus administration, and various online related articles. Also, the summary of this article says that the online class conducted by the campus has been effective despite various problems.
Utopia of School, Disobedience, and Translation. Two Biblical Myths in the Interpretation of Erich Fromm and George Steiner
Authors: Włodarczyk Rafał
Published: May 2021

It can be assumed that two biblical myths ‒ about Adam and Eve leaving the Garden of Eden and about the builders from Babel ‒ are interesting expressions of the utopian imagination, because these myths narrate about two places where projects of sufficiently perfect social order were implemented in two different ways. At present, the school is one of the places that could be understood as the ambiguous effect of an implemented utopia of the industrial revolution era; the school is an education space designed as an important part of the project of a sufficiently perfect social order. Two original readings of the mentioned biblical myths ‒ by Erich Fromm and George Steiner ‒ shall contribute some new themes and outlooks to the discussion of the condition of the modern school and the discourses of critical pedagogy or the pedagogy of resistance and hermeneutic pedagogy.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in Legal Technologies
Authors: Topal M. Onat , Van Heerden Imke , Bas Anil
Published: May 2021

The use of artificial intelligence in the legal sector flourished in recent years. This development is often met with excitement and unease. In this critical reflection, we analyse how artificial intelligence functions in modern legal technologies, and what its future implications are for the legal sector and critical legal thinking. We firstly discuss how machine learning and ‘Narrow AI’ are pertinent in this discussion, and how misleading the ‘hype’ on robot lawyers is. We then show how legal technologies are currently utilized, and the potential ways to map the modern legal technology landscape. Finally, we examine the potential effects of AI and legal technologies on legal decision-making, as complex algorithms open up the potential to disarrange or obscure critical analysis.
Membangun Sistem Informasi Penggunaan Tanah Berbasis Bidang Tanah di Desa Blimbing Kecamatan Gatak Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Authors: Nugraha Feris Adisca , Muryono Slamet , Utami Westi
Published: May 2021

The government is currently trying to provide excellent service for the community, as part of sustainability and upholding of the government system. The Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency (ATR / BPN) established Land Information System (SIP) as the basis to manage land information at parcel based. Currently, Land Office of Sukoharjo Regency runs the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program as well as to map all parcels in the district to organize existing maps into a single map, called as “Kabupaten Lengkap”. This study aims to build a parcel-based land database to support the acceleration of “Kabupaten Lengkap” program and strengthen of both spatial and juridical of land information. The research used Research and Development method, by created a field-based information system regarding land use. The research location is in Blimbing Village, Gatak District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java Province. The results showed that land use information system facilitates the identification of land use based on fields and other information related to the object and subject of land parcels. Pemerintah saat ini berupaya melaksanakan pelayanan prima untuk masyarakat, yang menjadi bagian dari keberlangsungan dan tegaknya sistem pemerintahan. Kementerian Agraria Dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional (ATR/BPN) mengimplementasikannya dengan membangun Sistem Informasi Pertanahan (SIP) dalam rangka penyajian informasi pertanahan. Saat ini, Kantor Pertanahan (kantah) Kabupaten Sukoharjo menjalankan program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) sekaligus proyek Kabupaten Lengkap dan berusaha menata peta-peta yang telah ada untuk dijadikan peta tunggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun basis data pertanahan berbasis bidang tanah yang dapat menunjang percepatan pelaksanaan menuju kabupaten lengkap serta mendukung penguatan informasi baik spasial maupun yuridis. Metode penelitian dengan Research and Development yaitu membuat Sistem Informasi mengenai penggunaan tanah berbasis bidang. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Blimbing, Kecamatan Gatak, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem informasi penggunaan tanah mempermudah proses identifikasi penggunaan tanah berbasis bidang serta informasi lain terkait obyek dan subyek bidang-bidang tanah.Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Penggunaan Tanah, Berbasis Bidang
Flow around a Wingmill device for energy extraction
Authors: Balam-Tamayo D. F. , Figueroa-Espinoza B. , Malaga C.
Published: May 2021

The dynamics of a closed loop self controlled underwater oscillating foil device for energy extraction (a wingmill) is studied through numerical simulations. The viscous two and three dimensional flow around the foil was computed using OpenFOAM and a Lattice-Boltzmann Equation model, respectively. Heaving is driven by the computed hydrodynamic lift and a damper, that extracts energy, while pitching is driven by the hydrodynamic torque and a feedback control torque that leads the foil to a given angle of attack. Unlike most of the related work found in the literature, the heaving and pitching motion of the foil is not prescribed. Dimensional analysis suggests a compromise between the generator and control gains, so a parametric study was carried out. The effect of a three dimensional finite wingspan on the performance of the device, and the flow is compared with the two dimensional case. This fully coupled fluid-solid-body interaction configuration will allow for the system identification, control and optimization of energy harvesting devices in future studies.
Liquid metal MHD flow and heat transfer in a rectangular duct with perfectly conducting walls perpendicular to the applied magnetic field
Authors: Solano-Olivares V. , Cuevas S. , Figueroa A.
Published: May 2021

Several technological applications involve the flow of liquid metals in ducts under a magnetic field, for instance, the coolants of fusion reactors. In this paper, using a magnetohydrodynamic MHD formulation based on the electric potential, we obtain an analytical solution for the flow of a liquid metal in a rectangular duct with two insulating walls and two perfectly conducting walls perpendicular to the applied uniform magnetic field. As the Hartmann number increases, the flow displays high velocities in the boundary layers attached to the insulating walls and a quasi-stagnant flow at the core. The effect of this flow pattern on the forced convection heat transfer is then explored numerically considering a uniform heat flux on either the conducting or insulating walls. Compared to the hydrodynamic case, the MHD flow enhances the heat transfer as the Hartmann number increases only in the case when the heat flux is applied at the insulating walls where high velocities are present. The increase of the local Nusselt number as the Péclet number grows indicates an efficient heat removal from the heated wall.
Influencia del modelo de ojo teórico en la evaluación numérica de lentes intraoculares fractales
Authors: Montagud Martínez D. , Ferrando V. , Monsoriu J. A. , Furlan W. D.
Published: May 2021

In this work we present the numerical evaluation of a new design of fractal intraocular lens studied through a ray-tracing program. To determine the monochromatic and polychromatic performance of these lenses in different theoretical model eyes the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the area above the MTF (AMTF) have been used. These merit functions show the same behavior for different values of asphericity (Q), independently from the theoretical model eye, even though there are differences due to the Spherical Aberration (SA) considered in each model.
Towards a quantum Monte Carlo for lattice systems
Authors: Figueroa-Manrique S. , Rodríguez-Ramírez K.
Published: May 2021

In this work we build the foundations of a quantum Monte Carlo as a stochastic numerical method to solve lattice many-body quantum systems with nearest-neighbor interactions at most. As motivation, we briefly describe the bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model with an external field, for spin-1 particles, as an effective Hamiltonian of the Bose-Hubbard model with an external quadratic Zeeman field in the Mott insulator phase at unit filling. Then, we discuss how to implement the world line Monte Carlo with local updates to circumvent the difficulties that arise on these type of systems by mapping the quantum partition function into the one of an effective classical model, in one additional dimension, given by the imaginary time evolution of the system. Such a mapping is performed by means of the Suzuki-Trotter decomposition, which transforms the original partition function into a summation of weights given by the classical configurations. Later, we present a set of observables that can be measured through this method and show how to use a Metropolis update scheme to accomplish the measurements. At last, we present the maximization of the configuration weights for three parameter sets as the first and relevant step to perform future measurements.
Numerical implementation of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for Bose-Einstein condensates
Authors: Gil-Londoño J. , Marı́n-Alvarado G. , Rodrı́guez-Ramı́rez K.
Published: May 2021

We numerically implement a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, where the coherence and oscillatory properties of Bose-Einstein condensates are explored and the system is modeled by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Several time-dependent external trapping potentials were engineered seeking the adiabatic regime which is quantified using fidelity measurements with respect to the actual ground-state of the trap. The dynamics of both conjugate variables, namely density and phase of the matter-wave function, are shown. Moreover, the density and fidelity profiles of the system are presented when the phase-shifter is switching-on and -off, being found in the presented profiles that the system exhibits three different regimes during the recombination stage among them even an orthogonal BEC to the original one is obtained. We achieve the numerical solution through an adequate implementation of the finite-difference method for the spatial discretization and a Runge-Kutta method for the time evolution.
Study of finite fermionic chains with edge modes using an appropriate momentum representation
Authors: Rivera Torres Nadia D. , Rodríguez Ramírez Karen C.
Published: May 2021

This work is based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, which describes a system of non-interacting polarized fermions, i.e. without spin, moving in a one-dimensional optical superlattice with fixed boundary conditions. Starting from the Hamiltonian of the system in second quantization, in which the optical lattice has discretized the space, and taking into account that the basis that diagonalizes the kinetic energy is the one of momentum, we perform the discrete sine transform type-I, which respects the hard-wall boundary conditions of the system and allows us to expressour Hamiltonian in the momentum basis, in such a way that we can think that it is possible to extend the study to an arbitrary number of sites. Finally we apply the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism getting the dispersion relation and the bare vertex function where together they form the couplings matrix. By diagonalizing this matrix, we visualize the parameter set where the system hosts zero energy modes.
Optical metrology beyond Abbe and Rayleigh
Authors: Bischoff J. , Mastylo R. , Granet G. , Manske E.
Published: May 2021

For many years, it was believed that optical microscopy and metrology was limited in resolution related to the light wavelength as suggested by Ernst Abbe and Lord Rayleigh. In recent past, several approaches have been developed to overcome these limitations such as Nobel price honored STED or optical CD as widely used in semiconductor metrology. Unfortunately, both techniques need special samples. While STED relies on fluorescence, OCD requires grating samples. In our contribution, we present two model based (mb) approaches to overcome some of these restrictions. One is mb Laser Focus Scanning (mLFS). Here, we show how to improve the accuracy of edge detection from several hundred nm to about 10 - 20 nm by exploiting rigorous modeling. The second one is Scanning Coherent Fourier Scatterometry (SCFS) where the diffracted Fourier spectrum is detected and the attempt is undertaken to retireve the sample profile. It is shown that this technique is very sensitive, particularly when the phase is recorded by means of a wave-front sensor. Measurements and simulations for periodic as well as for aperiodic sub-resolution features are show already good agreement. Moreover, we strongly believe that the observed high sensitivity of the Fourier spectra opens the path to quantitatively measurements below the resolution limits of light.
¿Qué es la vida? 76 años después: una mirada desde la termodinámica y los sistemas complejos
Authors: Cocho G. , Mansilla R. , Nieto Villar J. M.
Published: May 2021

Se presenta una panorámica de los tópicos fundamentales del trabajo seminal de Schrödinger, ¿Qué es la vida?, Capítulos 6 y 7 respectivamente y se establece una análisis de los mismos desde el formalismo de la termodinámica de los procesos irreversibles y los sistemas complejos. De esta forma, se establecen una serie de consideraciones epistemológicas que evidencia la importancia y actualidad del mismo. An overview of the fundamental topics of Schrödinger's seminal work, What is life? Chapters 6 and 7, respectively, and an analysis of them from the thermodynamic formalism of irreversible processes and complex systems is presented. In this way, a series of epistemological considerations have established that show its importance and timeliness.
General thermodynamic efficiency loss, aging and Gompertz mortality law
Authors: Montemayor-Aldrete Jorge A. , Márquez-Caballé Rafael F.
Published: May 2021

A simple and general thermodynamic theory is applied to describe the irreversible aspects of the continuous process of functional efficiency loss, which occurs in dissipative biological structures after they reach maturity [1]. This theory, among other things, follows Prigogine [2] by considering that these dissipative structures perform their functions and carry out cyclical processes per se since they are self-organizing away from equilibrium. By using the irreversible thermodynamic theory of aging by Montemayor-Aldrete et al [1], we have obtained results such as the following: The accumulated damage that occurs in dissipative biological structures after they reach maturity, which is the product of linear loss of functional efficiency with time, leads to the law of exponential mortality rate by Gompertz. The average solar power volumetric density of frequency ν dissipated by circular molecules of radius , which reside on the inner surface of some lipid vesicles that float in the Archean oceans and that contain water and other chemical components are obtained. Such expression resembles the Stefan–Boltzmann law which describes the power radiated from a black body in terms of its temperature. Also, an expression for the volumetric density of the average entropy production rate by molecules of radius  is obtained.  Finally, the coupling processes that occur between the matter and heat fluxes between the interior and the exterior of lentil-shaped lipid vesicles pumped by the solar radiation action are analyzed qualitatively as well as their possible consequences in relation to the prebiotic chemical evolution of dissipative systems that can give rise to life.
Alcohols detection by a polymeric sensing film deposited on a long-period fiber grating
Authors: Muñoz-Aguirre S. , Castillo-Mixcóatl J. , Beltrán-Pérez G.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we report the construction and characterization of a sensor to detect volatile organic compounds, particularly alcohols. The sensor was fabricated by depositing a polydimethylsiloxane sensing film on the surface of a long-period fiber grating (LPFG). The LPFG spectrum, which was taken as the sensor response, was measured in a Teflon chamber, where different concentrations of methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol samples were injected. Spectral shifts to lower wavelength were observed for the last three samples. However, a shift to higher wavelengths for the case of methanol was observed, which was attributed to the fact that its refractive index is smaller than the one for PDMS. Therefore, curves of the sensor response in function of concentration were performed using different analysis techniques: analysis in a fixed wavelength, analysis in a fixed spectrum amplitude and spectral analysis trough principal components analysis (PCA) method. The results showed a regular behavior of the responses according to the molecular weight of the samples. A discussion of the use of each technique was performed.
Numerical study of the polarization proprieties in a ring cavity with total polarization control
Authors: Morales L. A. Rodriguez , Armas-Rivera I. , Durán-Sánchez M. , Ibarra-Escamilla B.
Published: May 2021

We report the numerical study of the polarization properties of a net anomalous dispersion ring cavity with total polarization control. As a mode locker, we use the nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) method. The initial ellipticity and azimuth were fixed to 13° and 0°, respectively. The simulations, made by the split-step Fourier method, show changes in polarization with respect to initial conditions, after the mode-lock process such as previously reported in the literature. It was found that polarization changes are caused by non-linear birefringence. The pulsed laser produces solitonic pulses with 0.4 ps FWHM and 240 W peak power.
The nonlinear optical loop mirror: soliton and noise-like pulse emission in a figure-eight fiber laser
Authors: Camarillo-Avilés A. , Hernández-Escobar E. , López-Estopíer R. , Bello-Jiménez M. , Pottiez O. , Ibarra- Escamilla B. , Duran-Sánchez M. , Andrés M. V.
Published: May 2021

In this article, a symmetrical nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) exhibiting a polarization-dependent transmission is evaluated to generate optical pulse emission in a figure-eight fiber laser in the soliton and noise-like pulse (NLP) regimes. The NOLM structure relies on a 50:50 fiber coupler, a loop with highly twisted single-mode optical fiber and a quarter-wave retarder (QWR) to break the polarization asymmetry. The pulse operation regime is determined by properly adjusting the NOLM low-power transmission, which is easily realized by the rotation of the QWR angle. Soliton pulses of 1.48 ps pulse duration and peak power of 18 W were observed with a peak to peak separation of 1.25 µs, corresponding to a fundamental cavity repetition rate of 0.8 MHz. Moreover, by incrementing the NOLM low-power transmission, NLP emission is generated exhibiting a wide and smooth spectrum of 8.5 nm bandwidth.
Review of SDM/WDM technology and its application in data transmission
Authors: Warnes Lora J. R. , Quintero-Rodríguez L. J. , Tshibangu-Mbuebue B. , García-Juárez A. , Zaldívar-Huerta I. E.
Published: May 2021

In this paper we present a review focused on Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) technology. A summary of the most recent works on innovation in the efficiency of SDM as well as its application in data transmission is described. SDM is a technology that has improved the capacity of optical communication systems. Combined with other optical technologies has significantly increased the capacity of information that is sent through an optical fiber.
Lecture Capture: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Reid Alison , Duret Denis , Noble Karen
Published: May 2021

Lecture capture (LC)—a recording of the live lecture provided as a supplementary resource—is accepted as a standard provision in UK higher education. Previous research has shown it to be very popular with students, although there have been conflicting findings in terms of its impact on attendance and attainment, and suggestions that student engagement with this resource varies depending on their own preferences and approaches. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of LC on students in a wider sense, encompassing pedagogic and pastoral aspects of student development. This mixed-methods study analyzed focus group and questionnaire data from first- and second-year veterinary students at one UK university. Results demonstrated the student belief that LC is important for learning and well-being but highlighted the facilitation of passive and surface learning that this resource offers. More worryingly, this study identified a group of students for whom this resource may be particularly unhelpful. This group, relied excessively upon LC for learning, felt overwhelmed by their workload despite working fewer hours, and subsequently achieved poorer exam results. A key theme in this negative relationship appeared to be low self-efficacy. The findings enable educators to consider how resources are provided and to encourage implementing mechanisms to help students make better choices, and take control of their learning.
خصائص الإيقاع في الرسالة الشعرية: بائيّة بشّار أنموذجاً
Authors: صالح الحمراوي محمّد
Published: May 2021

سندرس في هذا البحث خصائص الإيقاع في الرّسالة الشّعريّة بانتخاب قصيدة " سلام اللّه ذي العرش" لبشار بن برد. وتعلّقت همّتنا في المقام الأوّل بحدّ الإيقاع، وبرصد تاريخيّة الرّسالة الشّعريّة دون الإفاضة فيها، على أن نتدبّر سرّ جماليتها القائمة على فاعليّة إيقاعها الخارجيّ والدّاخليّ. وسنخلص إلى أنّ الإيقاع راصد لثقافة الشّاعر ولتغيّر حضارته المتطاولة على حضارة الأعراب، ممّا استوجب من إيقاعها المعتمد على أصوات الغناء أن يتشبّه بها وأن يتمايز عن الإيقاع المألوف في القصائد العربيّة النموذجيّة.
نقد النقد عند عبد الله عبد الجبار
Authors: بن سليمان شوشو ياسر
Published: May 2021

قامت هذه الدراسة على إبراز جانبٍ مهم من جوانب الدراسات النقدية المعاصرة، هو جانب (نقد النقد). ولعل تاريخ النقد العربي قد رصد لنا العديد من الدراسات النقدية التطبيقية التي اهتمت بهذا الموضوع. ولا غرابة في ذلك، فالنقد الأدبي هو أكبر أنواع الأدب الوصفي. وإذا كان في الناس الكثير ممن يرضى عن نفسه، فإن أقل القليل منهم من يرضى عن غيره. وعدم الرضا عن الغير في مجال الرأي نقداً . فإذا علمنا أن هذا النقد بدوره سيوضع في الميزان، وقد يقبل وقد يرد، عرفنا كيف نشأ ( نقد النقد؟ ). أما تسليط الضوء من خلال هذه الدراسة التطبيقية على مصنفات الأستاذ الناقد عبدالله عبدالجبار- على وجه العموم - وعلى كتابه (مرصاد المرصاد) - على وجه الخصوص -، فإنه- على الرغم من تأثره بآراء النقاد العرب ونقاد الغرب - إلا أنه يبرهن على أنه ناقدٌ فذٌّ من نقاد العصر الحديث، لم يرتهن إلا إلى الكلمة الصادقة ؛ فأصبح قيمة في الفكر، وقيمة في السلوك، ونموذجاً للمثقف الذي لا يتلوَّن ولا يداهن .
Selective Angiography to Detect Anterior Spinal Artery Stenosis in Thoracic Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Authors: Yoshida Go , Ushirozako Hiroki , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yamato Yu , Yasuda Tatsuya , Banno Tomohiro , Arima Hideyuki , Oe Shin , Mihara Yuki , Yamada Tomohiro , Ide Koichiro , Watanabe Yuh , Ushio Takasuke , Matsuyama Yukihiro
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Single-center prospective study.Purpose: To investigate anterior spinal artery (ASA) status using preoperative selective angiography in patients undergoing surgery for thoracic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (T-OPLL).Overview of Literature: Surgery for T-OPLL has a high risk of neurological complications, which might be associated with insufficient spinal cord blood flow.Methods: This study prospectively examined nine T-OPLL patients who underwent posterior thoracic decompression with kyphosis correction and instrumented fusion at Hamamatsu University School of Medicine between 2017 and 2019. All underwent preoperative selective angiography to detect and evaluate the Adamkiewicz artery and ASA. Intraoperative neuromonitoring and Doppler ultrasonography were performed to analyze neurological complications and spinal cord blood flow.Results: All nine patients showed ASA stenosis in the area of T-OPLL. In all patients, the Adamkiewicz artery was located between T7 and L2 and the area of ASA stenosis corresponded to the level of T-OPLL and greatest spinal cord compression; intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography confirmed the ASA defect at the same spinal level. The number of spinal levels from the Adamkiewicz artery to the most compressive OPLL lesion was greater in the two patients who developed postoperative neurological deficit compared to those who did not (5.5 vs. 2.3, p=0.014).Conclusions: This is the first study to report detection of ASA stenosis in patients with T-OPLL. Maintaining spinal cord blood flow is important in these patients to avoid neurological deterioration.
Social Capital Perspective of English Teachers’ Professional Identity in an Online Community
Authors: Landicho Jeramie B.
Published: May 2021

A considerable amount of research explores social capital and teacher professional identity, and yet little research has been conducted to examine the relationships between these two concepts in an online community. This research study determined the kind of English teachers the participants aspire to become in an online course, how the online community performs as its social capital among teachers, and recognised participants’ engagement to establish professional identity. The researcher used the narrative inquiry in presenting the lived experiences of the participants. Results revealed that teachers remain true to the school’s mission-vision and teaching philosophy despite pandemic and they believe that social capital can be strengthened if all members of the online community will value the communal familial where everyone is given a chance to be heard, participate and collaborate.
LANGUAGE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CURRICULA OF THE XIX AND FIRST DECADES OF THE XX CENTURY – LINGUISTIC AND HISTORICAL-PEDAGOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE EDUCATIONAL PARADIGM
Authors: Popović Dušanka
Published: May 2021

The paper provides an overview of the presence of language teaching and language contents in primary school curricula in the XIX and the first decades of the XX century in Montenegro, as well as recommended ways of teaching, i.e. the dominant educational paradigm in language teaching. The focus of the research were the curricula from 1870. and 1908, since they were innovative in the said times and implied a certain change and progress. The research combines historical and descriptive methods and uses the technique of studying and analyzing primary written and printed pedagogical documents. Primary schools in the mentioned period refer to the first three or four grades and they functioned in distinct circumstances – the continuity of education was interrupted due to the lack of teaching staff and wars. The formation of educational institutions and the adoption of laws took place at the same time as the establishment of schools, and thus the first curricula were written by teachers. Grammar curricula contents and the spelling (which was not explicitly stated) in the curricula of 1870 were mostly acceptable and reachable for the students. In the curricula of 1908, they were more extensive and less appropriate for the age of the students. The methodical instruction given in the introduction to this curriculum offered an approach that could make the teaching of all subjects, including the language teaching, efficient. It is evident that the circumstances in which these curricula were created influenced greatly their content and especially their scope.
INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCES IN TRANSLATION EDUCATION: A COLLABORATIVE TASK-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Prodanović Stankić Diana , Begonja Helga
Published: May 2021

The aim of the paper is to report on the collaborative task-based case study that was organized bilaterally between the students at the University of Novi Sad and the University of Zadar, as a part of two translation courses, at the undergraduate and graduate level of studies. This study is part of some bigger research and the study presented in this paper has the following aims: to help the students gain intercultural competences by working collaboratively both in teams at the home university and online together with the students from the other country, using different virtual collaborative tools, and to face the challenge of organizing the translation project related to a specific task. Intercultural competences and the ability to cooperate are among the core competences that are required from a professional translator; however, these competences are not sufficiently covered by the learning objectives of curricula and syllabi at the university level. For that reason we wanted to focus on these competences to try to increase our students’ employability prospects. The study was qualitative and quantitative, based on process and product analysis. We used observation, questionnaires and analysis of the final product of translation to collect the data for the study. The results point to benefits of this approach as well as to the areas that are in need of improvement in this field.
Keefektifan pendidikan anti-bullying terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan self-efficacy pada guru di Yogyakarta
Authors: Rindi Atmojo Bayu Seto , Permana Imam
Published: May 2021

Cases of bullying in schools have become a widespread phenomenon and have a negative impact on the school atmosphere. A good and fearless learning environment needs attention. Educational institutions have the task of creating and guaranteeing a conducive and safe learning atmosphere so that students feel happy and comfortable while at school. This can be supported by teachers who have good knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy towards bullying cases. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of anti-bullying education on teacher's knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. The method used in this study uses a pre-experimental quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population in this study were all teachers of SMP 11 Yogyakarta, the sampling technique used total sampling, so the sample was 23 teachers. Test data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Knowledge prior to the intervention of the average respondent was given in the good category, good enough attitude and self-efficacy in the poor category. Knowledge after being given an intervention is mostly in the good category, good attitude and good self-efficacy. Wilcoxon test results on each variable of knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy obtained p value 0,002, which means that anti-bullying education affects the knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy of teachers. It can be concluded that anti-bullying education is effective in increasing teacherâ€™s knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy in SMP 11 Yogyakarta
Structural Audit of 40 year old Silo
Authors: Shivankar Akshay , Dabhekar K. R. , Patil P. B. , Khedikar I. P. , Mase D. P.
Published: May 2021

In India structural stability of old structures and fire protection and safety is one of the most common issues. because the strength of old structures get reduced in due course of your time it generate structural flaws like material diminution, unexpected over loading, structural scarcity or physical damages and if further use of such damaged structure it's getting to leads to severe loss of human life and public property. As Structural Audit of old structure is obligatory as per municipal authorities and Government of Gujarat has made "Structural Audit" of all old structures compulsory. the most objective of present work is to adopt Structural Auditing of 40 years old silo which is situated at Somnath (Gujrat) with Schmidt’s Hammer Test, Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity Test, Cover Meter Test, Half-cell test, pH test including Visual Inspection and assessing the stableness and safety of the structure to confront to for its remaining life by diagnosis and root explanation for the issues with remedial measures. Based upon above test is observed that the attribute of concrete is medium at maximum locations and Doubtful at few locations, corrosion has started in reinforcement and well within the suitable limit. Hence, it's recommended to repair damaged areas as per the methodology, specifications and locations.
Analisis Pengaruh Kompetensi, Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja
Authors: Khasanah Umi , Khasanah Nur
Published: May 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of competence, organizational citizenship behavior, and motivation on performance. The sampling method used is saturated sampling method, namely this sampling technique when all members of the population are sampled. Respondents in this study were teachers of SMK Taman Karya Madya Teknik Kebumen, engineering with a sampel of 74 teachers. This study used descriptive and statistical analysis methods to test the validity, reliability test, t test, F test, determination test, and multiple linear regression analysis. The test in the test shows that competence has an effect on the performance of teachers in SMK Taman Karya Madya Teknik Kebumen, organizational citizenship behavior has no effect on the performance of teachers ini SMK Taman Karya Madya Teknik Kebumen, motivation does not affect the performance of teachers in SMK Taman Karya Madya Teknik Kebumen, and competence, organizational citizenship behavior, and motivation together have an effect on the performance of teachers in SMK Taman Karya Madya Teknik Kebumen.
Pengaruh Health Awareness, Green Product dan Perceived Quality Terhadap Minat Beli
Authors: Muslihati Rokhi Putri , Trifiyanto Kabul
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh health awareness, green product dan perceived quality terhadap minat beli pada jamu herbal tradisional di Kebumen. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode puposiv sampling penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 100 responden pada generasi milenial di Kebumen. Alat analisis yang data menggunakan bantuan program aplikasi komputer yaitu SPSS for windows version 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel health awareness berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli jamu herbal tradisional di Kebumen, variabel green product tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli produk jamu herbal tradisional di Kebumen, variabel perceived quality berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli produk jamu herbal tradisional dan variabel health awareness, green product, dan perceived quality bersama – sama berpengaruh terhadap minat beli jamu herbal di Kebumen.
Analisis Pengaruh Nilai Kurs Dolar, Harga Emas Dunia, Dow Jones, Tingkat Suku Bunga Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Astuti Susi
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh nilai kurs dolar, harga emas dunia, dow jones, dan suku bunga terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan (IHSG) periode 2015-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode nonprobability sampling, yaitu teknik sample jenuh. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 60 sampel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi  linier berganda. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukan bahwa nilai kurs dolar berpengaruh negatif  dan dow jones berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan periode 2015-2019. Sedangkan, Harga emas dunia dan suku bunga tidak berpengaruh terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan periode 2015-2019.