bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bombast Bombardment and Dense Syntax versus Effective Communication and Language Teaching in ESL Settings: Nigerian English Examples
Authors: Ekundayo Omowumi Olabode Steven
Published: December 2021

Influenced by certain factors and motives, some educated Nigerian English speakers use high-sounding expressions, as well as dense, windy, and complex syntactic structures. This paper examines this linguistic habit in Nigerian English to show how entrenched it has become; explain the sociolinguistic, historical, and idiosyncratic factors that influence it; show its effect on its audience and readers; and determine its implications for teaching and learning English in English as a second language (ESL) settings. The paper adopted the qualitative research method, and data were extracted from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were extracted from well-known Nigerian ‘bombast bombardiers’ (users of bombast). Secondary data were gleaned from historical events and published and creative works. The study established that the use of ‘language explosives’ (high-sounding lexical items) is a common linguistic habit in ESL. Some educated Nigerians, for instance, use the habit to show off learning and their mastery of the language, estrange others in communication, create humor, and gain popularity. Although the paper avers that the habit in its unguided form hampers effective communication, it submits that it possesses certain socio-political and pedagogical utilities in ESL settings.
Деконструкция образа инфлюенсера в современном медиапространстве
Authors: Ефанов Александр Александрович
Published: December 2021

В статье проводится концептуализация явления деконструкции образа инфлюенсера. Исследование основывается на анализе двух сюжетов — историй со школьником из Нового Уренгоя Н. Десятниченко, выступившим в бундестаге, а также со шведским подростком Г. Тунберг, продвигающей культуру экологического активизма. Предлагается авторское определение деконструкции образа инфлюенсера как стратегии отторжения паблицитного капитала у определенного актора. Исходя из обладаемых и наделяемых черт (внешний вид, системное самопозиционирование, транслируемый дискурс относительно резонансных прецедентов социальной действительности), некая публичная личность потенциально вписывается в классический портрет инфлюенсера, однако в результате доминирования в медиапространстве противоположных фрейма и интенций происходят неконтролируемые и непрогнозируемые последствия для конструирования имиджа и продвижения личного бренда. Обращается внимание, что на фоне явного отторжения паблицитного капитала в долгосрочной перспективе может наблюдаться обратный эффект. Выделяются модели деконструкции образа инфлюенсера: аметрическая модель и системная модель. Объясняются критерии их дифференциации с точки зрения принципа медиасолидаризации в полях телевидения и интернета.
Способы конструирования экспертной позиции в YouTube: видео популярных блогеров-историков о сталинских репрессиях
Authors: Молотов Кирилл Игоревич , Максимова Алиса Сергеевна , Хлевнюк Дарья Олеговна
Published: December 2021

В последние несколько лет в YouTube стала активной группа блогеров (Дмитрий Пучков, Клим Жуков, Константин Семин, Андрей Рудой, Егор Иванов и другие), которые уделяют много внимания обсуждению исторических сюжетов, однако не принадлежат к профессиональному историческому сообществу. Они сформировали «коммунистический» сектор русскоязычного YouTube, который получил особую популярность в 2019 г. благодаря критике документального фильма журналиста Юрия Дудя «Колыма — родина нашего страха», посвященного сталинским репрессиям. Они смогли предложить свой, альтернативный Дудю, нарратив о репрессиях и собрали сотни тысяч просмотров в YouTube. В статье проанализированы их видеорецензии на «Колыму» Дудя и описаны приемы конструирования экспертной позиции и убеждения зрителя. Во-первых, в качестве аргумента блогеры используют юмор. Сарказм и интернет-мемы как бы подчеркивают нелепость тезисов Дудя и очевидность правоты его критиков. Во-вторых, блогеры выстраивают вокруг себя фанатские сообщества и обращаются к перформативной аутентичности, что позволяет создавать у их публики ощущение близости, повышает доверие зрителей к тому, о чем они говорят. Наконец, свою экспертную позицию блогеры строят на том, что подвергают сомнению экспертность Дудя и героев его фильма, обвиняя их в некомпетентности и ангажированности, а также противопоставляют свой подход подходу Дудя, обращая внимание на использование исторических источников, а не личных историй, и воздержание от эмоций. Проанализированный кейс является показательным для более широкого круга явлений, в том числе для блогеров и каналов разной тематики или разных политических взглядов. Он помогает лучше понять YouTube как платформу, на которой появляются новые лидеры мнений и интернет-селебрити, прояснив, что позволяет им успешно транслировать свои идеи, обрести авторитет и экспертную позицию в глазах аудитории.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено в рамках проектной группы «Онлайн формы коллективной памяти: культура соучастия и “публичные историки” в YouTube», реализуемой на факультете коммуникаций, медиа и дизайна, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики».
Факторы успеха антикоррупционной политики в постсоциалистических странах
Authors: Страхов Александр Петрович
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме антикоррупционных реформ в бывших социалистических государствах, имевших во многом схожие стартовые условия от социализма к рынку и демократии. Однако как сам процесс, так и его результаты существенно различаются от страны к стране. Это позволяет, сравнивая динамику политико-экономических изменений, выявить наиболее важные факторы, повлиявшие на ситуацию с коррупцией и на действенность антикоррупционных мер. Автор обосновывает гипотезу о существенном влиянии на антикоррупционные реформы новейшей истории политических и экономических преобразований в бывших соцстранах. В качестве ключевых выделяются блоки внешне- и внутриполитических, экономических и общественных факторов развития изучаемых стран за последние три десятилетия. Новым является анализ взаимодействия инерционных и эволюционных составляющих в формировании антикоррупционной политики. Статья дополняет корпус исследований, посвященных особенностям борьбы с коррупцией в постсоциалистических странах.
Marine bacterium Seonamhaeicola algicola strain CC1 as a potential source for the antioxidant carotenoid, zeaxanthin
Authors: Brotosudarmo Tatas Hardo Panintingjati , Setiyono Edi , Awai Koichiro , Pringgenies Delianis
Published: December 2021

Currently, there are only six species in the genus Seonamhaeicola, i.e., Seonamhaeicola aphaedonensis, S. algicola, S. marinus, S. acroporae, S. maritimus, and S. sediminis. These bacteria have typical yellow or orange color. Among the identified strains, only S. marinus that had been reported to have a yellow polyene flexirubin pigment. However, the presence of carotenoid pigments has not been reported in this genus. Recently, we successfully isolated a new strain, S. algicola strain CC1, bacterium that was found in association with a red seaweed, Halymenia sp., collected from the coast of South Malang, Indonesia. The strain was grown well in the Zobell marine agar 2216E producing yellowish pigments. According to the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and BLAST search, the strain is closely related to S. algicola strain Gy8, with 99.78% identity. The pigment composition was separated and analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS) and the strain was found to produce zeaxanthin as the major component, which appeared at a retention time (tR) of 28.89 min, showing a typical mass spectrum with a molecular ion at m/z 568.5 [M]+ and four product ions at m/z 261.4 [M−307]+, 476.6 [M−92]+, 429.3 [M−139]+, and 536.5 [M− 32]+. Other carotenoids, including zeaxanthin cis isomers, β-cryptoxanthin, β-carotene cis isomer, and β-carotene, are as minor components. The novel and noteworthy finding of this report is the identification of a Seonamhaeicola species that produces carotenoids and can be used as a source of zeaxanthin.
Exploration of Plastic-Degrading Bacteria From Marina Beach, Semarang, Central Java
Authors: Rachmawati Awalina Choirunnisa , Mahardika Anggara , Djohan Djohan , Susanto A.B. , Andriana Bibin Bintang
Published: December 2021

Plastic waste has threatens the environment and affect to the economic and tourism sectors, marine life, coastal ecosystems and human health. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) states that 85% of waste in the oceans is plastic. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry also noted that Indonesia experienced an increase in plastic waste from 14% in 2013 to 16% in 2016.  By 2020 the volume of plastic waste in Indonesia predicted to reach 67.8 million tons. Plastic waste takes 100-500 years to completely decompose. An alternative solution is to involve microorganisms to decompose plastic polymers. However, plastic waste reducing bacteria isolated from coastal ecosystem has not been much explored. In this study, an exploration of natural bacteria that degrades plastic waste from coastal ecosystems is carried out. Plastic samples were collected from the Marina Beach Semarang, Central Java. Plastic samples were taken from a depth of 0-10 cm in three coastal ecosystems: coastal sand sediments, rocks and mangroves. Samples then isolated and screened to obtain bacteria that have the potential to degrade polyethylene. Selected bacteria were identified by biochemical physiology according to the method of Cappuccino and Sherman and classified to genus level according to Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The results showed that three genera of bacteria had high polyethylene degradation potential with the speed of degradation: Enterobacteriaceae 0.0091%; Moraxella spp. 0.0066%; and Pseudomonas spp. 0.0076% per week.
The silver lining of COVID-19 – improving operational processes
Authors: Cerimagic Sabina , Wardak Dewa
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for improvement in our operational processes. In our Business Co-Design (BCD) team we have successfully utilised a design-based research (DBR) approach for the past two years - and it has worked well. However, we have noticed that from an operational perspective, the DBR approach methodology we have been using can struggle to scale up, as designing is bespoke and offers tailor made solutions for our individual projects. We will pilot incorporating elements of a soft systems thinking approach together with actornetwork theory (ANT) to enable us in applying a more holistic approach to the design and development of units of study which will provide opportunities for input from the larger team, instead of working in silos. Additionally, we are hopeful that this new approach will also assist us in making our design and projects scalable and sustainable – and to support us in increasing efficiency.
Embedding a culture of academic integrity: A two-pronged approach
Authors: Hinchcliff Mercedez , Anand Pranit
Published: December 2021

While universities have instituted use of various forms of technologies to help identify instances of academic integrity compromises, these tools are unable to detect cases where students get someone else to do their academic work for them. This paper discusses a two-stage approach to addressing academic integrity at a postgraduate business studies course where students were engaged in understanding what academic integrity means within their context and explore various forms of unethical behaviours. They were also made aware about various institutional policies and procedures for academic integrity breaches. This was followed with a post-assessment, ad-hoc feedback from students about their submitted work. Although a thorough evaluation is planned at a later stage, this paper shares some initial results about the effectiveness of this approach to countering academic misconduct behaviours. The paper will be of interest to other teaching academics interested in developing a culture of academic integrity.
CMALT 2011 and 2021: Personal narratives for professional recognition
Authors: Beckmann Elizabeth A. , Gribble Lynn C.
Published: December 2021

Professional recognition through Certified Membership of the Association for Learning Technology (CMALT) provides a significant opportunity for all those who use learning technologies to be acknowledged for their experience, capabilities, and practice. The CMALT portfolio requires a personal narrative that presents description, critical reflection, and evidence of professional practice. Through an experiential lens, this paper considers three facets of the authors’ CMALT experiences a decade apart—how the portfolios as personal narratives encouraged reflection on practice; the commonalities in the technology themes presented in those portfolios; and how reflective coaching contributed to the benefits of applying for CMALT.
Examining Racism in Psychoanalytic Training: Perspectives from a Psychiatry Resident
Authors: Pacheco Nicole E.
Published: December 2021

The author reviews pervasive racial biases in psychoanalysis, spanning from overt instances of racial judgement to the normalized tendencies of internalized racist societal structures on individuals. A personalized account is given addressing how such issues have led to a hesitancy in the author— a Black and Hispanic psychiatry resident—to pursue psychoanalytic training. Institutes can more appropriately acknowledge how racism has affected their patients and the theories of the mind that are commonly promulgated. Academic institutions need to actively engage in creating awareness of racial bias, microaggressions, and uncovering unconscious negative attitudes. This will aid in the development of educational approaches that strive toward racial equality and inclusiveness.
Beyond Diagnosis: Adding a Psychodynamic Dimension to the Mental Health Asylum Evaluation
Authors: Pilato Tara C. , Kalman Thomas P.
Published: December 2021

Medical-legal asylum evaluations, conducted by experienced clinicians, are one of the most important parts of an application for successfully being granted asylum. Over two-thirds of these are mental health evaluations. Customarily these evaluations are summarized and drafted as diagnostic statements, providing the attorney with clear, corroborative testimony demonstrating that the patient suffers from psychological sequalae directly related to the individual's previous experience of persecution in their home country. However, these medical-legal evaluations are usually devoid of a more holistic description of the asylum seeker. We propose addressing this deficiency, with several redacted examples from affidavits previously used in immigration court.
Feelings and the Patient-Doctor Relationship
Authors: Balasanova Alëna A.
Published: December 2021

In this autobiographical piece about conducting psychotherapy with a patient during residency training, a physician reflects on the shared humanity between patients and doctors and the feelings that unite them.
Psychodynamic Psychiatry in the Philippines
Authors: Jimenez Alma L. , Della Constantine D. , Legaspi Rafael Henry E. , Yu Kimberly P. , Gelvezon Marie Angelique T.
Published: December 2021

The authors describe the practice of psychodynamic psychiatry in the Philippines. They review features of contemporary psychodynamic psychiatry, the state of psychodynamic psychiatry in training programs, and its integration in national professional societies. Despite psychodynamic psychiatry's wide acceptance in the professional community in the Philippines and neighboring Southeast Asian countries, delivery of care to over 110 million residents of the archipelago requires creativity given the small number of psychiatrists. The authors discuss how psychodynamic psychiatry impacts the national mental health scene and propose future directions involving forging international linkages.
Contemplating Raising Fees: An Exercise in Therapist Disquiet
Authors: Gans Jerome S.
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses the experience of psychodynamically oriented therapists in private practice as they contemplate raising their fees. Raising fees stirs up competing self-interest, transference-countertransference reverberations, financial fantasies and realities, ethical concerns, and uncomfortable as well as satisfied self-reflection. These dynamics are discussed under the following categories: exercise of power; incurring guilt; inappropriate entitlement; fear of loss; modeling of self-care; rapaciousness; unconscious factors; and self-esteem. A cautionary case example is provided. Six suggestions are offered to make therapists' contemplation of raising fees less stressful. The author hopes that this article will foster more open discussions among therapists about the tensions involved in raising fees and, in the process, lead to an enhanced understanding, acceptance, and detoxification of the feelings involved.
'Real-world' clinical trials in diabetes care: meaningful or meaningless?
Authors: Home Philip
Published: December 2021

So-called 'real-world' studies seem increasingly popular in diabetes care, as are the economic evaluations in secondary literature based upon them. The term is usually used for pharmacoepidemiological uncontrolled observational studies of different designs. Interpretation of the study findings is, however, badly undermined by the very reasons that the randomised controlled blinded study was invented – namely, non-medication study effects and biases in investigator selection and behaviour. In diabetes studies, glucose control seems particularly susceptible to such effects, perhaps through changes in patient motivation and education. Further, insulin studies are heavily influenced by baseline factors such as the site of starting insulin, the health circumstances of the patient at the time and the clinician involved. It is rare to see these issues adequately addressed or attempts made to understand their influence. In this article an attempt is made to discuss some of the issues further.
ANALISIS BENTUK DAN MAKNA JAM’ AL TAKSĪR DALAM ALQURAN JUZ 29 DAN 30 (ANALISIS MORFOLOGIS DAN SEMANTIS)
Authors: Mudrofin Mudrofin , Ahmad Hasyim Mohamad Yusuf , Qutni Darul
Published: December 2021

Broken plural is one of three plural study of arabic. It has special character whose make it different. Two other plural (intact masculine plural and intact feminine plural) have constant alteration of accidence measure, while it hasn’t. It has complex alteration measure. Alteration of this plural happend through augmentation, elimination, and by changing it’s vowel. Purpose of this research is to know derivate, formation method, and meaning from semantics sector of broken plural on the koran juz 29 and 30. This research is qualitative research with library research design. Data on this research are all of broken plural on the koran juz 29 and 30. Data aggregation of this research use documentation method with data card and recapitulation thread in instrument.  Result of this research is from 92 data, 28 data are minor plural, 37 data are major plural, and 27 data are ultimate plural form. Based on semantics, 41 data have constant meaning, 11 data have generalization meaning, 28 data have constrict meaning, and 12 data have changing meaning.
ISM AL- MA’RIFAH (NOMINA DEFINIT) BERKASUS GENETIF DALAM KITAB KHULASHOH NURUL YAQIN JUZ 2 KARYA UMAR ABDUL JABBAR (ANALISIS SINTAKSIS)
Authors: Aji Dimas Kurnia , Nawawi Muchlisin , Miftahuddin Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The discussion of nahcw science is very large, one of which is about Ism  Al- Ma’rifah (Definite Noun) Genitive Case. The researcher chose the book  Khulashoh Nurul Yaqin chapter 2 since there are many kinds of ism al- ma’rifah genitive case so that they can be analyzed to improve the readers‟ understanding  of this book and is expected to be useful for increasing knowledge development.  This is  a qualitative study with library research design. Data in the form of ism al ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case are sourced from the book Khulashoh  Nurul Yaqin chapter 2. The instrument used in this study was a data card. The data  collection technique used the documentation method. The data analysis technique  used the distributional method. The result of this study showed that there are  about 430 data on ism al- ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive case found in the book  Khulasoh Nurul Yaqin chapter 2. The researcher took 100 data samples with  purposive sampling technique (1) type ism al- ma’rifah (definite noun) genitive  case consisting of 26 data types ism ‘alam, 15 data types ism dhamir, 1 data types  ism isyarah, 1 data types ism maushul, 41 data types ism al-mu’arraf bi al, 16 data  types ism al-mudhafu ilal ma’rifah. (2) Functions of ism al- ma’rifah (definite  noun) genitive case consist of 43 data as majrur which changes into jarr with harf  jar, 41 data as majrur which changes into jarr with idhafah, 16 data that function  as majrur which changes into jarr with attawabi’ (9 data as na’at and 7 data as athaf (ma’thuf)).
MUBTADA’ (TOPIC) DAN KHABAR (COMMENT) DALAM KITAB SAFINATUN NAJA KARYA SYEIKH SALIM BIN ABDULLAH BIN SAID BIN SUMAIR AL HADRAMIY (ANALISIS SINTAKSIS)
Authors: Ramadlon Anang , Busri Hasan , Elmubarok Zaim
Published: December 2021

Mubtada 'isim marfu' which is free from amil lafadz. While khabar (comment) is an isim marfu' to complete the meaning of mubtada' (topic). This research is a qualitative research with library research research design. The instruments used in this study were data cards and recapitulation sheets. Data collection techniques using documentation techniques. The data analysis technique uses the distributional method for the direct element, and the data validity check technique uses the credibility test technique to increase persistence. Based on the research conducted by the researcher, the researcher found 279 data in the form of mubtada (topic) and khabar (comment), because the amount of data was almost the same, the researcher took 89 data for in-depth analysis. Of the 89 mubtada'(topic), 89 are mubtada'(topic) sharih and none of the mubtada'(topic) muawwal. Based on the terms of use, there are no mubtada '(topics) that are obligatory mahdzuf and 3 may be mahdzuf, 82 are obligatory muqaddam and 2 may be muqaddam, and 1 is obligatory muakhkhar and 1 may be muakhkhar. Based on the grammatical markers, it consists of 75 mubtada' (topic) with the grammatical marker dlammah, none with the grammatical marker alif, waw, and nun, and 14 mubtada' (topic) which occupies the function of mubtada' (topic) (machal rafa'). And of the 89 khabar (comments), 64 are mufrad khabar (comments) and 25 are ghairu mufad khabar (comments). Based on the terms of use, there is no khabar (comment) that is obligatory and can be mahdzuf, 1 is mandatory and can be muqaddam, and 85 is obligatory muakhkhar and 2 may be muakhkhar.
Synthesis and Properties of (Bi, Cd)-doped CuMn2O4 thin films by sol-gel dip-coating method
Authors: Kharroubi Abdelmalek , Khiali Aboulkacem , Benhebal Hadj , Benrabah Bedhiaf , Lellou Salima , Kadi Samir , Sadouki Bellal
Published: December 2021

The present work is carried out within the framework of a research project launched within the physical engineering laboratory at the University of Tiaret in Algeria. The objective is to optimize the conditions for producing thin films of pure spinel oxides doped with different metallic elements. Thus, in this part, we prepared thin films of pure CuMn2O4 and doped with Bi and Cd at rates of 6 and 9% by the sol-gel Dip-coating method. The materials obtained exhibit acceptable crystallinity, excellent optical transmittance with bandgap energies of between 1.64 eV and 1.9 eV and good electrical conductivity.
Functional acidic ionic liquids as effective solvents for the fractionation of lignocelluloses
Authors: Dong Shi Jia , Zhang Bi Xian , Zhang Peng , Wu Kun Yang , He Xin Miao , Ding Wei , Gao Yun Fei , Liu Di , Hu Xiao Mei
Published: December 2021

There is increasing interest in the application of ionic liquids for the pretreatment and fractionation of lignocelluloses. In this study, a series of functional acidic ionic liquids (ILs) with various heterocyclic organic cations were synthesized. Corn stalks were successfully fractionated into lignin, hemicelluloses, and cellulose when ultrasonically pretreated with ILs at 70 °C for 3 h, and subsequently treated with alkaline extraction. High yields of IL-isolated lignin (18.3% to 19.6%) and (8.3% to 14.6%) were obtained using ILs in the absence and presence of water, respectively. The yield of cellulose ranged from 40.0 to 77.0% from IL treatments, whereas the yield of hemicelluloses ranged from 1.1% to 17.3%. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the isolated cellulose residual produced 89.2% to 94.9% reducing sugar with 77.8% to 86.1% glucose, which corresponded to 80.5% to 91.4% enzymatic conversion of cellulose. Syringol and vanillin were found as the main lignin degradation products.
Hypothesis: disodium EDTA and vitamin C combination therapy for COVID -19
Authors: Mohammed Hamad Mosab Nouraldein
Published: December 2021

COVID.19 Pandemic represent major problem facing research community worldwide. Based on information mentioned in book entitled; COVID-19: Man-made pandemic, Lead AND Cadmium mutate influenza virus produce: SARS COV-2 we suggest Disodium EDTA Vitamin C combination therapy successful protocol to overcome this lethal health condition. This protocol need pre-clinical experiments to a prove it.
Loss of vision secondary to toxic optic neuropathy due to gutka overdose: A Case Report
Authors: Jeeva Irfan Kabiruddin , Masud  Sidra , Raza Abidi, Syed Hasan , Saeed Ali Tazeen , Waheed, Ayesha Akbar , Siddiqui Sobia Tariq
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Toxic optic neuropathy is defined as the damage caused by a toxin to the optic nerve fibers. There is a vast list of toxins that may lead to optic neuropathies. One of the toxins among this list is tobacco. Gutka being an oral form of tobacco, however, has not been previously related to optic neuropathy. Case presentation: We present a case of a 22-year-old male who presented with decreased far vision and gradually increasing photophobia. He had a history of gutka usage, a form of smokeless tobacco. Investigations revealed a central scotoma on FOV, a swollen optic disc on OCT and deranged Liver function tests. A diagnosis of RIGHT + LEFT optic neuropathy secondary to a chemical toxic was made, which in this case, was gutka. Conclusion: Consumption of gutka can lead to irreversible toxic optic neuropathy.
Relationship between prematurity, high blood pressure and kidney injury
Authors: Mah Evelyn , Um Sap Suzanne Ngo , Ngwanou Hermann , Tague Daniel Kago , Maguip Linda , Chelo David , Mazou Temgoua Ngou , Zantia Gides , Chiabi Andréas
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Prematurity is a public health problem worldwide. Reducing the morbidity and mortality of prematurity through improved management techniques reveal the emergence of cardiovascular risk diseases, including kidney disease and high blood pressure, which can compromise health in adulthood. The prevalence of these diseases varies from country to country. The main objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with renal injury and high blood pressure in children born preterm. Methodology: We conducted a historical cohort study including children aged 6 to 11 years, matched for gender and sex in a 1:2 ratio. Data were collected from the records of premature and full-term infants hospitalized from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013. Patients were reviewed during outpatient consultation, where height, blood pressure were measured and a urine dipstick was performed. Patients with high blood pressure or positive protein uria were seen again two weeks later for follow-up. The Fisher test and the Chi-square test were used to compare proportions. The significance threshold was defined for p<0.05. Relative risk (RR) was used to establish the risk relationship between the different variables. Results: We enrolled 125 children born preterm and 250 born at full-term. The mean age was 8.2+/-1.6 years with discrete female predominance. The cumulative incidence of pathologies varied according to type: 17.60% in preterm versus 2% in full-term (p?0,001) for high blood pressure and 69.60% in preterm versus 33.20% in full-term children (p?0,001) for proteinuria. Factors associated with renal in jury were the use of amino glycosides, aminophylline and neonatal infection. We found a correlation between the presence of proteinuria and high blood pressure (r=1.14, p=0.000002). Conclusion: Renal damage and high blood pressure were more common in children born preterm than in full-term. Associated factors were neonatal infection, use of amino glycosides and aminophylline.
Memorialística e historiografia: a narrativa de um médico judeu-húngaro sobrevivente de Auschwitz
Authors: Vainfas Ronaldo , Rollemberg Denise
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: o artigo discute a potencialidade da memorialística como produtora de textos historiográficos, embora a distinga do conceito de memória utilizado por historiadores. Como fonte específica do trabalho, escolhemos o livro do húngaro Miklós Nyiszli sobre a sua experiência como membro do corpo médico de Auschwitz em 1944. Metodologia: definimos memorialística a partir de uma abordagem de crítica literária, entendendo o texto como narrativa testemunhal escrita por quem participou diretamente dos eventos relatados. O método empregado foi, em primeiro lugar, a crítica interna de fontes proposta pelo historicismo e aprimorada por Marc Bloch em Apologia da História e, em segundo lugar, o método proposto por Lawrence Bardin em Análise de Conteúdo, que permite a segmentação do texto a partir de ideias-chave a critério do investigador. Originalidade: reside, em primeiro lugar, na discussão do status da memorialística no campo da historiografia e, em segundo lugar, na escolha de autor pouco trabalhado pelos estudiosos do Holocausto, como Primo Levi ou Elias Wiesel (embora tenhamos buscado a opinião de Levi sobre Nyiszli). Conclusões: submetemos o livro a uma crítica interna, considerando o papel desempenhado pelo memorialista no serviço médico de Birkenau em 1944. Demonstramos a ambigüidade do texto, espelho de um homem ambivalente, prisioneiro do Nazis e também assistente da ss. Concluímos, enfim, que apesar de prevalecer a descrição de procedimentos, bem como do tom por vezes moralizante, o livro comprova o valor da memorialística, não necessariamente como texto histórico explicativo, senão como manancial riquíssimo de informações sobre o Holocausto, em geral ausentes da documentação do III Reich, que a burocracia estatal destruiu antes da derrota final na guerra.
Editorial. Historia y literatura: leer el pasado con los ojos en el futuro
Authors: Cortés Guerrero José David , Martínez Pinzón Felipe
Published: December 2021

En la actualidad la historia y la literatura tienen, o pretenden tener, límites claros y definidos. Cuando un historiador realiza una investigación con características históricas sabe, de antemano, cómo debe realizarla y cómo debe presentar los resultados obtenidos. Por su parte, un escritor de literatura también sabe que la forma como presenta sus productos literarios es cualitativamente diferente a la ficción histórica. Esto es, las ficciones históricas y literarias son, por antonomasia, diferentes. Los historiadores, en su gran mayoría, no aceptarían que uno de los suyos escribiera una novela histórica como resultado, por ejemplo, de una tesis doctoral en historia. Entretanto, un novelista no pretenderá, al escribir una novela histórica, que ella reemplace a la investigación realizada por un historiador.
William Dean Howells y Elizabeth Stuart Phelps: masculinidad, feminidad y representaciones literarias del matrimonio. Estados Unidos, 1870-1880
Authors: Nájera Cassandra
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es analizar la dimensión simbólica de las tensiones de género que se desarrollaron en Estados Unidos en el periodo de 1870 a 1880, cuando las esferas de lo público y lo privado habían comenzado a desdibujarse. Metodología: se comparan las representaciones literarias del matrimonio en las novelas Their Wedding Journey (1872) de William Dean Howells y The Story of Avis (1877) de Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, relacionando los personajes femeninos y masculinos y sus preocupaciones en torno al matrimonio con el contexto histórico de las obras. Originalidad: estas novelas no han sido estudiadas en años recientes, aun cuando su contenido resulta valioso para examinar tanto la estructura de sentimiento de la época respecto al género, como las luchas simbólicas de los autores en un contexto de crisis de la feminidad y la masculinidad. Conclusiones: esta investigación revela que la pertenencia sexual de los autores determinó su relación con el género como estructura de distribución del poder y fungió como principio de separación cultural, por lo que cada uno trató de incidir en el ordenamiento de la estructura social desde su forma propia de ser en el mundo: Dean Howells abordó la identidad femenina como complemento de una noción específica de masculinidad, mientras que Stuart Phelps participó en el proceso de creación de la conciencia feminista.
Sarah Albiez-Wieck, Lina Mercedes Cruz Lira y Antonio Fuentes Barragán, coords. El que no tiene de inga, tiene de mandinga. Honor y mestizaje en los mundos americanos.
Authors: Glave Luis Miguel
Published: December 2021

Es una buena noticia editorial el libro editado por Sarah Albiez-Wieck, Lina Mercedes Cruz Lira y Antonio Fuentes Barragán. Como bien señala Jean-Paul Zúñiga en el prefacio, se trata de una contribución colectiva —polifónica, la llama la editorial—, donde la conjunción de autores nóveles y expertos, de distinta procedencia y formación, lejos de resultar un obstáculo, ha sido tal vez uno de los valores a resaltar de la publicación. El libro trata de las relaciones entre honor y mestizaje en una perspectiva dinámica que resalta lo cambiante en la historia. Todos los autores hacen gala del valor de la comparación en el análisis, mostrando evidencias y situaciones de diversos lugares de la América colonial hispana, combinando además estudios del mundo rural y del urbano.
Lucía Duque Muñoz. De la geografía a la geopolítica: discurso geográfico y cartografía a mediados del siglo XIX en Colombia.
Authors: Guhl Corpas Andrés
Published: December 2021

Los nombres de Francisco José de Caldas y de Agustín Codazzi son claramente reconocidos por sus escritos, perfiles altitudinales y producción cartográfica sobre la geografía del actual territorio colombiano. Sin embargo, tal como nos lo muestra Lucía Duque, ellos fueron apenas algunos de los actores que contribuyeron a la cartografía y a los estudios geográficos del siglo xix en el país. Precisamente, la autora resalta el papel que, entre 1840 y 1860, muchos otros actores jugaron —del Gobierno, intelectuales influyentes, políticos y diplomáticos— en la generación y divulgación de un acervo de información geográfica, y cómo este conocimiento se producía y comunicaba con una intención muy clara de contribuir a la consolidación de un proyecto de país federal y a la construcción de una identidad nacional.
Social Isolation As a Factor of Self-Preservation of the Individual
Authors: Khrapova Viktoriya
Published: December 2021

This article presents the first experience of reflection, the first intuition of events related to the 2020 pandemic. Basing on the concept of Mikhail Epstein about the productive value of purification as a result of disengagement with the environment the author tries to identify constructive moments of self-isolation in a society in a state of uncertainty, risk, danger, which makes us understand how fragile human life is and how important selfpreservation of the individual is for reducing tension and optimizing activities in the outside world. Forced selfisolation for everyone indicates global problems, the need to change the collective consciousness. The author believes that there is a dependence relation between the human condition and the surrounding reality. To describe it, Carl Gustav Jung used the concept of synchronicity. Important aspects of this connection are considered in the synergetic picture of the world, they are comprehended thanks to discoveries in quantum physics. It reveals itself in the concept of the actualized personality of Abraham Maslow. In this situation, spiritual experience and knowledge, intellectual search and transcendental experiences are important contributing to the restoration of internal balance necessary for choosing the right strategies in the external world. It is emphasized that in the period of global social transformation large-scale intensive development of information and communication technologies, when the results of communicative intentions can be repeatedly strengthened, acquire autonomy and unpredictable character, the degree of responsibility for the actions, words, actions, thoughts increases. The situation requires an attentive and environmentally friendly attitude to yourself, your loved ones, and the world as a whole. Isolation is considered as one of the conditions of change necessary for internal growth.
From Effect to Affect and Back... (Reflections on the Book: Russian Society in Self-Isolation. Social Effects and Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic [Text] : Monograph / N. Kh. Gafiatulina, V. V. Kasyanov, P. S. Samygin, S. I. Samygin ; ed. by M. A. Vaskov. – Moscow : RUSAYNS, 2020. – 178 p.)
Authors: Shirokalova Galina
Published: December 2021

There was no more pressing topic than the reaction of the Russian community to the events around COVID-19 for scientific research in 2020. The researchers chose the only correct methodological message under the given conditions: under the conditions of the pandemic, the problems that are characteristic of modern Western European / Russian civilization and in conditions of relative stability have worsened, accelerated, and aggravated. This made it possible to attract the potential of both domestic and foreign publications of a sufficiently large time range to explain social processes. The work is based on a systematic approach, as the most adequate to the study of the COVID-19 threat to the social immunity of Russian society. At the time of writing the monograph and studying the problem, no one foresaw the threat of the second or third waves, relying on the experience of China, which managed to localize the pandemic in 76 days. Since then, psychological fatigue from the threat of infection has turned into protests against both lockdowns and mandatory vaccinations. The dynamics of social processes expands the subject of research, confirms the correctness of the question about the choice of guidelines for the future development of mankind. New technologies for controlling large masses of people, which are being developed in the context of a pandemic, allow us to solve the problems of further structuring society. The book was published in the summer of 2020, and the months that have passed since then allow readers to assess the heuristic and predictive potential not only of the authors of the monograph, but also of those whose works they attracted to analyze the situation. In our opinion, the researchers correctly assessed the social risks of strengthening the patterns that were formed even before the pandemic, including those associated with restriction.
Freedom and Independence During the Pandemic
Authors: Dimitrova Svetlana , Ovdina Kristina
Published: December 2021

The scale and the speed of the spread of the new coronavirus strain and economic crises associated with it are becoming the reason to rethink the essential features and ways of interaction between freedom and independence. The aim of the research is to consider new and evaluate the significance of traditional approaches to defining independence and freedom. The authors analyze the mechanisms of the formation and development of biopower, the effectiveness of which is manifested in the possibility of turning people into "obedient bodies" (M. Foucault) and reducing human existence to the state of "bare life" (J. Agamben).The researchers emphasize that the highest form biopower manifestation, arose due to the effective development of medicine, became the possibility of transforming life and death into political concepts that require a "special solution". Therefore, the restrictive measures that arose during the spread of COVID-19 cannot be considered as a manifestation of total forms of addiction are established by biopolitics. The research allows the authors to come to the conclusion that the impossibility of achieving freedom and the loss of independence arise in the process of consistent implementation of the individualistic ideals. The results of the study contain a few contradictions identified by the authors. First of all, the development of biopower points that the concern for people's health enables the State to penetrate and manage all spheres of an individual's existence including issues of life and death. Biopolitics does not contribute to the establishment and development of civil rights, but creates effective means for reducing people to a state of "bare life". In the spread of COVID-19 the contradiction of following the individualistic ideals became obvious. Risks and threats that have a global character are confronted by a person unwilling to take responsibility. The revealed contradictions lead to the conclusion that a condition to maintain independence and achieve freedom in the modern world can be the formation of the new types of solidarities that make it possible to overcome the autonomy of existence and develop a responsible attitude to what is happening in the world.
AS DENOMINAÇÕES PARA LIBÉLULA, NO ATLAS LINGUÍSTICO DO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A MOTIVAÇÃO DOS SIGNOS
Authors: AGUILERA Vanderci de Andrade , SILVA Helen Cristina da
Published: December 2021

RESUMO As denominações atribuídas à libélula, – inseto de corpo comprido e fino, com quatro asas transparentes, que voa e bate a traseira na água – Questão 85 do QSL do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, representam exemplarmente o complexo sistema variacional do léxico do português brasileiro (PB), refletindo fatos da sócio-história de cada região e, até mesmo, de cada localidade e de cada indivíduo. As variantes registradas no ALiB, publicado em 2014, com os dados das capitais, sugerem que a denominação do inseto é, em geral, de base metafórica, motivada pelo seu aspecto físico, som, movimentos e, igualmente, por associações mentais/analogias com outros semelhantes, resultando, na maioria dos casos, em signos transparentes. A fim de ratificar ou, talvez, retificar os resultados das capitais, analisamos, neste trabalho, os dados coletados no interior do país junto a 900 informantes, perfazendo o total de 225 localidades. Com o apoio desse corpus, norteadas pelos princípios teórico-metodológicos da Lexicografia e da Semântica, objetivamos: (i) verificar a dicionarização das formas obtidas; (ii) descrever as variantes quanto aos aspectos morfológicos; e (iii) analisar essas denominações sob a ótica da semântica motivacional.
A FORMAÇÃO CRISTÃ E O DIÁLOGO DOS PRIMEIROS PADRES COM O PAGANISMO DE SÊNECA
Authors: Melo José Joaquim Pereira
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Neste texto, apresentam-se algumas reflexões sobre o diálogo promovido pelo cristianismo dos primeiros séculos com o pensamento clássico romano, especialmente com Lúcio Aneu Sêneca (4 - 65). Procurando pontos de convergência que sustentassem e/ou legitimassem sua doutrina, os primeiros cristãos avaliaram aspectos morais do pensamento senequiano que pudessem ser utilizados na causa cristã. Autores cristãos, como Tertuliano (160 - 220), Lactâncio (250 - 325), Santo Ambrósio (340 - 397), São Jerônimo (347 - 420), Clemente de Alexandria (145 - 216) e Santo Agostinho (354 - 430), representando fases distintas do pensamento cristão, estabeleceram esse processo interativo, não apenas pelo objetivo de respaldar suas reflexões doutrinais, mas também para contribuir para a elaboração de um modelo de homem ideal para o cristianismo.
THE SCHOOLING OF SCIENCE TEACHING IN PRIMARY EDUCATION IN PARANÁ: BETWEEN DISENCHANTMENT OF THE WORLD AND UTILITARIANISM, NUANCES OF A MORAL EDUCATION
Authors: Meurer Sidmar dos Santos
Published: December 2021

Abstract This text analyzes the schooling process as to what was called “scientific teaching” in primary education in the state of Paraná (Brazil), over the first three decades of the XX century. From the perspective of the curriculum history, it analyzes interactions between arguments in favor of its introduction and the emergence of the subject Physical and Natural Sciences in the study programs. As sources, it mobilizes educational reform projects, the pedagogical press, as well as normative documents, official reports and teaching programs. The analysis allows identifying two moments in the path of the respective school subject. The first, as of the first decade of the XX century, when the array of the contents to be taught receives less attention than the assimilation of a mental and behavioral discipline. The second, around the 1920s, when the utility of the contents in relation to labor and hygiene habits is highlighted.
Platão e a pedagogia do Riso
Authors: Ribeiro José André
Published: December 2021

Resumo A principal hipótese deste trabalho é que Platão utiliza o riso como uma ferramenta pedagógica no diálogo Eutidemo. Procuramos evidenciar como o autor busca despertar no leitor a atenção para o comportamento risível dos dois irmãos sofistas, Eutidemo e Dionisodoro. Trata-se de evidenciar o resgate que o autor faz do personagem cômico de Sócrates para contrastar com esses sofistas, pois isso possui uma razão simultaneamente pedagógica e filosófica. O intuito é demonstrar que, na maior parte das vezes, as interpretações tradicionais tendem a subestimar os elementos cômicos nos diálogos platônicos, sobretudo ao tratar o autor como uma espécie de “domesticador do riso”.
O PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO ÉTNICO-CULTURAL EM CARTILHAS TEUTO-BRASILEIRAS PRODUZIDAS PARA ESCOLAS SINODAIS
Authors: Albrecht Elias Kruger , Manke Lisiane Sias
Published: December 2021

Resumo O estudo tem por objetivo analisar um conjunto de recursos textuais e visuais presentes em duas cartilhas utilizadas em escolas teuto-brasileiras, de modo a compreender como tais recursos contribuíram para o que se convencionou denominar como alfabetização étnico-cultural dos sujeitos a que se destinavam. A análise documental possibilitou concluir que o conteúdo das cartilhas contemplava o contexto rural e as práticas socioculturais dos estudantes, como modo de interlocução com os mesmos.
ANALFABETISMO E INSTRUCCIÓN PRIMARIA EN LA PROVINCIA DE BADAJOZ DURANTE EL PRIMER TERCIO DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: Castro Cristina Redondo , Zúñiga Francisco Martin
Published: December 2021

Resumen En este artículo se analiza la evolución que experimentó la instrucción primaria en la provincia de Badajoz en el primer tercio del siglo XX. En este trabajo hemos recurrido tanto al análisis cuantitativo como al cualitativo, pues nuestro interés se ha centrado en buscar las causas que influyeron en el elevado índice de analfabetismo de la población pacense y su falta de escolarización. De este trabajo se desprende la conclusión de que existe una estrecha relación entre la estructura socioeconómica de un lugar y el grado de instrucción primaria.