bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Object Detection Algorithm Based on Fiber Optic Sensors in Checking Body Fat Rate during Home Exercise
Authors: Jing Wu
Published: January 2024

With the increasing popularity of home fitness, people's attention to exercise effectiveness and physical health is also increasing. Body fat percentage directly reflects the body's fat content, and compared to obesity evaluation indicators such as weight or BMI, it can more scientifically and accurately evaluate the degree of obesity in the human body. In order to address the limitations of traditional body fat detection methods, this study chose fiber optic sensors as the means of body fat detection. The fiber optic sensors were in contact with the detected object, and the signals perceived by the fiber optic sensors during the motion process were converted into electrical signals. The signals were then digitized and algorithmic calculated. Using object detection algorithms to process the converted electrical signals, analyzing and extracting useful features from complex electrical signals, and accurately calculating the body fat percentage of the detected object. The results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can accurately detect body fat percentage during home exercise, providing a convenient and fast monitoring method for sports enthusiasts, which helps improve fitness effectiveness and maintain physical health.
Comparative study on properties of recycled aggregate concrete using recycled aggregates coated with different pozzolanic materials
Authors: Kumbhar Popat , Lohar Hemant , Sanap Sagar , Rajratan Rohit , Shingade Abhishek
Published: January 2024

Recycled aggregates (RA) are the aggregates obtained from reprocessing materials, which were earlier used in constructions. The use of RA contributes to reducing waste and energy consumption and achieving sustainability. Several investigators have attempted to develop concretes using RA; however, the concrete so produced exhibited poor performance concerning workability and strength properties. The poor performance is found to be mainly due to high porosity and water absorption properties occurred due to the presence of sticked mortar to the RA surface. This fact necessitated proper treatment of RA so that the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) could enhance its performance. In this paper, M20 grade RAC has been developed using ‘RA’ without and with coating of different pozzolanic materials viz., fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), microsilica (MS), ultrafine slag (US) and other ingredients viz., cement, crushed sand, water and chemical admixture. Results of the experimentation show that the average workability (slump) and strengths of RAC produced using ‘RA’ coated with different pozzolanic materials increased by 102% and 17.27% respectively when compared to the RAC produced using RA without coatings. The RAC with RA coated using GGBS has shown higher strength (31.80 MPa) amongst the others. Further, the workability and strengths of normal concrete are found to be more by 108% and 19.38% respectively when compared to normal concrete. The study concludes that, RA coated with Pozzolanic materials can be considered as an alternative to NA for producing the concretes as they satisfy the required workability and strength properties.
Real-world study of first-line therapy with aumolertinib for elderly patients with non‑small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation
Authors: Fang Hehui , Yang Liangfeng , Zhao Mingming , Xu Ting , Zhang Meilin , Fang Shencun
Published: January 2024

Background: Elderly patients account for approximately 70% of all NSCLC patients in China. They do not always benefit from standard treatments due to impaired organ function and multiple diseases. Our study aims to observe the efficacy and safety of aumolertinib as first-line therapy in NSCLC patients aged ≥ 65 and < 65 years in clinical practice.
Patients and methods: This study enrolled patients with stage IIA-IVB EGFR-mutant NSCLC who received aumolertinib alone as first-line therapy. The efficacy and safety were compared between patients ≥ 65 and < 65 years in different subgroups using the chi-square test. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). The secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR) and safety.
Results: A total of 86 patients were included. Overall, ORR and DCR were 74.4% and 97.7%, respectively. ORR was 69.6% and 80.0% for patients ≥ 65 and < 65 years, respectively (p=0.27), and DCR was 97.8% and 97.5%, respectively (p=0.93). The median PFS (mPFS) of all patients was 24.2 months. The mPFS was 20.3 months and not reached in the ≥ 65 and < 65 years groups, respectively (p=0.18). Median OS was not reached. All AEs were not statistically different between the ≥ 65 and < 65 years groups.
Conclusions: The first-line therapy with aumolertinib showed excellent and encouraging results in this real-world study. The efficacy and safety profile of aumolertinib as first-line therapy in elderly EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients were similar to that seen in the younger subgroup.
A novel hybrid multi-stage probabilistic algorithm for the damage detection of carbon nanotube panels by considering the uncertainty of materials and mechanical properties
Authors: Khayat Majid , Amoushahi Hossein
Published: January 2024

Composite materials have a high level of uncertainty (intrinsic and non-intrinsic) due to the manufacturing process as well as the placement of different phases of their constituent materials. These uncertainties can be identified in both macro and micro scales. Identifying the behavior of structures made of composite materials without taking into account the uncertainties, whether due to identification or modeling, can lead to unrealistic results, especially in the dynamic behavior of structures. One of these cases is the identification of damage types in composite structures which is usually done by using dynamic responses. Damages in composite materials or structures usually occur during construction or operation. The correct modeling of uncertainty sources is one of the most important factors in identifying the geometry, location, and severity of damages accurately. The uncertainties related to the position and placement of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can cause noticeable changes in the characteristics of composite materials reinforced with CNTs. For this reason, in the present study, we identified damages in CNT panels by considering all possible sources of uncertainty. A probabilistic multi-stage reliability-based method was proposed in this study to detect damage in these structures. In order to model the intrinsic and non-intrinsic sources of uncertainty, a modified point estimation method (MPEM) was used. In addition, an enhanced differential quadrature (DQ) method was used to model the CNT panels. In each step of the proposed algorithm, the probability of damage in each element of the panels was calculated by analyzing the possible damages. According to the results of the previous step, the elements with a low failure probability were gradually sifted in the next steps. The sieved elements in each step were considered as intact elements in the next step. This systematic filtering of design variables can simultaneously reduce the dimensions and speed up the optimization problem. Finally, the probability of damage was calculated based on the probability density function of various damage severities and positions. The developed approach was applied for damage detection on a laboratory-tested plate to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The effects of using different damage positions and severity levels on the diagnosis results were discussed. The results demonstrated that the number of frequencies and modes of vibration required to identify the position and severity of damages accurately is different according to the damage scenarios and the percentage of uncertainty.
Association of lipid accumulation product and the risk of type 2 diabetes; a cross sectional population-based study
Authors: Sadafi Sepehr , Azizi Ali , Najafi Farid , Pasdar Yahya
Published: January 2024

Background
The Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is a measure that indicates the presence of excessive fat accumulation in the body. LAP have been the focus of research in epidemiological studies aimed at forecasting chronic and metabolic illnesses. This study was carried out to examine the association between LAP and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult population of western Iran.
Methods
The study included 9,065 adults between the ages of 35 and 65 who were registered baseline phase of the Ravansar non-communicable diseases study (RaNCD) cohort study. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between LAP and T2DM. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive capability of the LAP for T2DM.
Results
The average LAP was 53.10 ± 36.60 in the healthy group and 75.51 ± 51.34 in the diabetic group (P < 0.001). The multiple regression model indicated that, after controlling for potentially confounding variables, the odds of T2DM in the second quartile of lipids is 1.60 (95%CI: 1.17, 2.18) times higher than in the first quartile. Additionally, in the third and fourth quartiles, it is 2.43 (95%CI: 1.80, 3.28) and 3.36 (95%CI: 2.47, 4.56) times higher than in the first quartile, respectively. The results of ROC analysis for predicting T2DM indicated that the LAP index has (AUC: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.68).
Conclusion
The association between high LAP levels and the T2DM was found to be strong in the adult population of western Iran. LAP is suggested as a tool in diabetes susceptibility screening.
Clinical characteristics that led to diagnosis of Crohn's disease after anal fistula surgery in patients aged 10-19 years: a single center, retrospective study
Authors: Kang Ah Young , Lim Ki-Yun , Hyun Kee Hoon , Chang Hee Chul
Published: January 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Inhaled Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Mediated Acute Lung Injury via the MAPK/AKT/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Song Yuanlin , Tang Xinjun , Aji Nurbiya , Feng Nana , Pan Ting , Li Miao , Song Juan , Zhang Cuiping , Chao Yencheng , Chen Cuicui
Published: January 2024

Acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an overwhelming inflammatory condition, is characterized by systemic inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction. Neutrophil extrusion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and concomitant cell death process (NETosis) provides host defense, while neutrophil elastase (NE), a serine protease stored in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils, contributes to NETs for entrapping extracellular pathogens. Importantly, excess NETs and NETosis mediated pyroptosis in the etiopathogenesis. However, the exact mechanism underlying NE-mediated NET formation contributed to pyroptosis during ALI/ARDS remains unclear. In this study, we reported that neutrophils were susceptible to NETosis in the lungs of ARDS patients. We investigated the effects and the underlying mechanisms of an inhaled NE inhibitor AK0705 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice. The inflammatory cytokines assessments, pathologic examination, and detection of NETs indicated that inhalation of AK0705 ameliorated LPS-induced lung injury, and suppressed the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the results of cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone (citH3), NE level, and NE activity showed that AK0705 significantly inhibited LPS-induced NET formation. Western blot revealed that AK0705 effectively inhibited LPS-triggered pyroptosis by downregulating MAPK/AKT/NLRP3 signaling pathway. In conclusion, our investigation demonstrated for the first time that AK0705 could protect against LPS-induced ALI by promoting a reduction of NET formation and suppressing pyroptosis. These data suggest that targeting NETs, especially NE, using AK0705 is a promising approach to prevent NET formation in the progression of ALI/ALRDS.
Silicon induces resistance to leaf scald in sugarcane under water deficit
Authors: Nicolau Mayara Cristina Malvas , Bini Andressa Peres , Prado Renato Mello , Piccolo Marisa Cassia , Gratão Priscila Lupino
Published: January 2024

Sugarcane is one of the main crops in the world, representing great importance for the Brazilian economy. However, phytosanitary problems mean that its production has been stagnant since 2010. Leaf scald, a disease caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas albilineans, affects sugarcane fields, reducing their productivity, with its effects intensified by water deficiency. Currently, there are no treatments to control this bacteriosis, making it essential to develop new strategies to reduce its damage. Thus, the use of silicon (Si) presents encouraging results in mitigating the effects caused by different stresses in different crops. However, little is known about the role of Si as an inducer of leaf scald resistance. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Si application in controlling sugarcane scald associated with water deficiency. Two sugarcane cultivars were used, one susceptible (SP78-4467) and one resistant to the disease (SP80-3280), subjected to two stresses (X. albilineans and water deficiency) and pre-treated with Si. Analysis of lipid proxidation and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, GR, GPOX and GSH-Px) were analyzed. In the susceptible cultivar pre-treated with Si in the combination of stresses, the MDA content decreased. The activity of most enzymes increased in the presence of Si. Demonstrating that the exogenous application of Si acts in inducing the defense system of sugarcane plants against the effects of stress caused by the bacteria X. albilineanse and water deficiency, being more efficient in the responses observed for the susceptible cultivar.
Application of optical flow technique to short-term rainfall forecast for some synoptic patterns in Vietnam
Authors: Thu Nguyen Vinh , Tri Doan Quang , Hoa Bui Thi Khanh , Nguyen-Thi Hoang Anh , Hung Nguyen Viet , Tuyet Quach Thi Thanh , Nhat Nguyen Van , Pham Ha T.T.
Published: January 2024

The occurrence of heavy rains can lead to human, economic, and ecological disasters with large-scale consequences. There are now many precipitation forecasting systems that use radar products with different algorithms and techniques to provide forecasts for up to one to three hours, such as McGill algorithm for precipitation nowcasting by Lagrange extrapolation (MAPLE), Short-Term Ensemble Prediction System (STEPS), and Short-range Warning of Intense Rainstorms in Localized Systems (SWIRLS). Optical flow engineering is an important technique in computer vision. Our aim was to apply optical flow techniques using the methods of DenseRotation_FCAFlow - this method is a small branch of the Rainymotion library system, belonging to the Dense method group DenseRotation_Farneback - this method uses the local optical flow and polynomial function extension techniques to calculate radar echo region motion, Real-time Optical Flow by Variational Methods for Echoes of Radar - this method is used with two sets of parameters for Hong Kong (ROVER_HKO) and Vietnam ( ROVER_VN) to predict rainfall quantitatively from 2019–2021 radar rainfall quantitative data in Vietnam. The results show the following: (i) Changing the parameterizations of the ROVER_HKO method to apply to conditions in Vietnam (ROVER_VN) gives better results than the remaining methods for the total accumulated rainfall of the entire rainfall events, and the ROVER_VN method gives the best results in case rain occurs due to a combination of many synoptic patterns; (ii) The performance of Quantitative Precipitation Forecasting (QPF) using a performance diagram with light and moderate rainfall thresholds is also better captured in a combined local and global optical flow method than when using either type of optical flow alone. The ROVER_VN method quantitatively forecasts the cumulative rainfall of the entire rain event in case the rain is caused by the interaction of many different synoptic patterns and the rainfall area develops to be wide and fast moving, playing an especially important role in providing input data for forecasting and warning of floods, flash floods, and landslides throughout the territory of Vietnam.
Biogenic SnO2/CPA nanocomposite a green heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: Synthesis, Characterization and Transesterification studies
Authors: Prakash Akshay , Manuel Jerold
Published: January 2024

This paper deals with the biogenic synthesis of tin oxide-corn peal ash (SnO2/CPA) nanocomposites as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel.SnO2/CPA nanocomposites were synthesized by a green method using the leaf extract of Azadirachtaindica and ash carbon obtained from the dried peels of Zea mays at room temperature. The biomolecules present in the leaf extract act as a complexing as well as a capping agent. The morphology and chemical components of the catalyst are characterized using analytical techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The highest biodiesel yield of 86.3% was attained under the optimized reaction conditions; methanol to oil ratio of 12:1, catalyst loading of 2 wt %, and reaction time of 120 min at a temperature of 60°C. 1HNMR and FTIR confirmed the presence of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). The composition of FAME was determined using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Investigations proved that SnO2/CPA nanocomposites an effective sustainable heterogeneous green catalyst for the production of biodiesel.
Optimization of Numerical Solutions of Stochastic Differential Equations with Time Delay
Authors: Stosovic Dejan , Čajić Elvir
Published: January 2024

The research focuses on the optimization of numerical solutions of neutral stochastic differential equations with time delay. Analyzing approaches such as Euler-Maruyama, backward Euler, and θ-Euler-Maruyama methods, the goal is to investigate the characteristics of approximate solutions, especially stability and boundedness. This study contributes to the understanding of the complexity of stochastic processes, offering a perspective for further mathematical modeling and optimization. The study of the characteristics of approximate solutions includes a detailed analysis of their stability and limitations, providing insight into the system’s behavior in dynamic conditions. This analysis lays the foundations for the improvement of numerical methods and more precise modeling of stochastic processes with time delay. The aforementioned approaches, such as the Euler-Maruyama, backward Euler, and θ-Euler-Maruyama methods, provide tools for understanding and solving complex mathematical challenges. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this study sheds light on the field of optimization of numerical solutions, encouraging further development of theoretical and practical aspects of stochastic differential equations.
RETRACTED: Bluetooth Vulnerabilities in General and Intimate Health IoT Devices and Apps: the Case of Female-oriented Technologies
Authors: Cook Stephen , Merhnezad Maryam , Toreini Ehsan
Published: January 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Ensemble deep neural network method for solving free boundary American style stochastic volatility models
Authors: Nwankwo Chinonso , Ware Tony , Dai Weizhong
Published: January 2024

We present an ensemble deep learning method for solving free boundary American style stochastic volatility models. To this end, we cast our solution framework as a free boundary problem where the early exercise boundary surface, as a function of time and volatility, is approximated simultaneously with the value function and Greeks. For precise computation of the free boundary plane, we first use the Landau transformation to fix the free boundary and normalize the value function and the time domain. We then develop a novel ensemble auxiliary operator (EANO) involving suite of configurations based on the ensemble neural network output (ENNO). The early exercise boundary surface, value function, delta sensitivity, vega, gamma, vomma and vanna are predicted from the EENO, EANO, and the derivatives of EANO after training. The performance of our neural network configuration is verified and validated by comparison with some existing methods and examples. It provides an alternative approach for solving free boundary stochastic volatility models
Role of noncollinear spin texture driven z-torque in deterministic spin-orbit torque induced switching of perpendicular magnetization
Authors: An Suhyeok , Seo Hyeong-Joo , Kim Dongryul , Lee Ki-Seung , Baek Eunchong , Kim Jun-Su , Lee Soobeom , You Chun-Yeol
Published: January 2024

To reveal the role of chirality on field-free spin-orbit torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching, we propose an existence of z-torque through the formation of noncollinear spin texture during SOT induced magnetization switching in a laterally two-level perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) system. For torque analysis, we simulated position-dependent energy distribution, combining two-level PMA and SOT to generate noncollinear spin texture. When SOT is applied, position-dependent energy analysis uncovers z-directional torque contribution from noncollinear spin textures, rarely observed in conventional uniform SOT switching. The z-component torque is significantly influenced by the interaction between noncollinear spin texture and interfacial Dzyloshinskii-Moriya interaction of system. Furthermore, experimental results on switching current variation based on switching polarity and two-level PMA differences also closely match simulations, confirming the validity of proposed z-torque.
Predictive Modelling for Non-Performing Assets in Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Pathare Suresh , Sandhu Mohneet
Published: January 2024

This paper provides exploration of the financial and operational factors that contribute to India's Non-Performing Assets (NPA) problem, as well as practical solutions for mitigating the risk of future NPAs. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and time series analysis are used to identify the main drivers of NPAs of Indian banks and discovering that high levels of NPAs have resulted in lower profitability, increased provisioning requirements, and higher borrowing costs. Findings and recommendations of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and banking practitioners seeking to reduce the risk of NPAs in India.
Characteristics, Dynamics, and Impact of the Thar Desert Dust Storms on Air Quality over Northern India
Authors: Jain Madhavi , Saxena Pallavi , Sonwani Saurabh
Published: January 2024

In the present study, a pre-monsoon dust storm event (14 May 2018 ± 2 days), originating from Thar Desert (Rajasthan state), spread to north Indian states- Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh is selected. Satellite observations, climate model reanalysis datasets, and ground monitoring station and meteorological parameters were used to study the dust storm event and its impact on air quality of the northern region of India against a non-dust storm background reference (viz., 25 May 2018 ± 1 day). We include dust column mass density (DCMD total and DCMD PM2.5), and find 3-5 times higher air column dust loading (maximum 3.9 g/m2) during the event, against dust levels (~0.2-0.6 g/m2) during the background non-dust storm period. NOAA HYSPLIT 72-hour forward trajectories show air-mass transport from the Thar Desert towards IGP. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)> 2 in the affected region indicates a high residence time of dust aerosols. DCMD is used to show the 3-hourly progression of the dust storm (initiation, spread, and gradual dissipation). Moreover, hourly dust loading in the air (DCMD) and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) ground-based observations over Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Rohtak (Haryana), Delhi (NCT of Delhi), and Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) cities, show severe worsening of the already poor air quality of the region. Lastly, local spatial correlations are plotted to understand the spatial associations, variabilities, and local feedback between the variables- DCMD, AOD, 2m air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed.
Aprimorando a Técnica Small Loss Approach para Lidar com Amostras Ruidosas em Modelos Deep Learning
Authors: Sousa Vitor Bento , Kohler Manoela , Pacheco Marco
Published: January 2024

A área de estudo noisy samples, do qual se refere ao treinamento de modelos de Deep Learning com amostras com rótulos equivocados tem grande importância em aplicações reais de Deep Learning. Atualmente a técnica Small Loss Approach vem sendo amplamente utilizada nos modelos do estado da arte da área. Essa técnica consiste em selecionar as amostras com rótulos corretos do conjunto de dados de treino, excluindo as amostras com rótulos errados. Nesse trabalho demostramos como aumentar o desempenho dessa técnica utilizando o K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier para aumentar o número de amostras com rótulos corretos selecionados. Foi utilizado o dataset CIFAR10 com ruído inserido artificialmente para validar o processo, foi obtido ganhos de performance sobre a acurácia de teste e sobre o Label Precision de 2% ao comparar o modelo Coteaching com a Small Loss Approach com os aprimoramentos apresentados nesse trabalho, e o modelo Co-teaching com a Small Loss Approach convencional. Os próximos passos do estudo irá consistir na ampliação dos datasets benchmarks utilizados para validar o processo e na aplicação dos modelos do estado da arte com a Small Loss Approach aprimorada numa demanda real de importância ambiental de classificação de algas calcárias.
Um Modelo Profundo Crescente para Previsão de óbitos por COVID-19 no Brasil
Authors: Araújo Ricardo , Brito Eliseu , Mghazli Ya-Sin , Soares Sergio , Seixas José Manoel
Published: January 2024

A doença do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) foi declarada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) como uma pandemia sem precedentes, tendo sobrecarregado os sistemas de saúde em todo o mundo devido a alta demanda de internações em unidades de terapia intensiva. Nesse cenário, entender a dinâmica da pandemia e essencial para orientar a estratégia para lidar simultaneamente com o aumento da demanda por apoio a saúde e os efeitos diretos e colaterais na economia. Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo empírico sobre a serie temporal de óbitos por COVID-19 no Brasil e, baseado neste estudo, propomos um modelo de dilatação-erosão profunda, projetado por um processo de aprendizado baseado em gradiente descendente, capaz de prever esse tipo particular de serie temporal. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o modelo proposto supera modelos clássicos e recentes de aprendizado de máquina apresentados na literatura para estimar a dinâmica da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil.
Filtragem online de eletrons com redes neurais convolucionais a partir de dados de calorimetria
Authors: Nunes Lucas Barra , Moura Junior Natanael , Seixas José Manoel
Published: January 2024

Na etapa atual de aquisição de dados no LHC (Large Hadron Collider), no interior do Experimento ATLAS, o volume de dados atinge 120TB/s como consequência das colisões de prótons, que ocorrem a cada 25ns. Entretanto, os eventos de interesse são extremamente raros de tal modo que um sistema de filtragem online e implementado para armazenar apenas os eventos de física de interesse do experimento. Nesse contexto, e proposto o Ringer Inception, um comitê de redes neurais convolucionais para a seleção de elétrons no experimento baseada na análise de anéis concêntricos de energia de um chuveiro de partículas, a partir de dados de calorimetria de altas energias. Essa arquitetura se inspira na rede Inception aliada ao conhecimento especialista de física de altas energias para aumentar a eficiencia na detecção de eventos boosted (elétrons de alta energia com pouca distancia entre si) raros. Exibindo resiliência ao empilhamento, o modelo mostrou-se capaz de detectar elétrons vindos desses decaimentos apresentando um ganho de 14,13 pp na eficiencia geral, atingindo 98,52%, sendo 3 vezes mais eficiente em alguns casos enquanto a probabilidade de falso alarme passa a ser menor que 0,85%.
“We Will Not Let Many People in Here”: Housing Policy in Leningrad During the Final Stage of the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Khodjakov M. V.
Published: January 2024

Based on a wide range of sources, the article analyzes the housing policy implemented in Leningrad after the lifting of the blockade in January 1943. The policy was implemented after the evacuation of the population was completed. Materials deposited in the archives helps us to determine the evacuation routes. The number of people wishing to return to Leningrad during 1944 exceeded expectations of the municipal administration. Requests for re-evacuation came from representatives of various segments of the population, who emphasized the significance of their activities for the city. The restrictions imposed could not stop people from returning to Leningrad, who used numerous tricks in order to enter the city. The party and Soviet administration of the city attempted to regulate the process of re-evacuation. The number of people re-evacuated was closely related to the ability to provide them with housing. However, the general idea of the city administration about the process of re-evacuation turned out to be deeply flawed. The number of those wishing to return exceeded the stock of available housing. As a result, the decision of June 8, 1944 established a new strict procedure for providing housing for citizens who were evacuated from Leningrad individually or with organizations and returned to the city “in a legal manner”. The existing practice of transferring the housing in need of repair to private individuals on the condition of restoring the property led to abuses and was canceled in March 1945. The passport control was reduced and conditions for registration of arriving citizens were alleviated only in the spring of 1946.
The Grand Duchy of Finland at the Beginning of the 20th Century: From “Sovereign Possession” to Independence [Rev. on: Russia and the Independence of Finland, 1899– 1920. Collection of documents: in 3 vols., comp. by M. V. Zelenov. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2021]’
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Bakhturina A. Yu.
Published: January 2024

The review examines the three-volume publication of documents Russia and the Independence of Finland, 1899–1920. Collection of documents: in 3 vols, prepared by a team of Russian and Finnish archivists. The thematic publication aims to show the differences between the ruling elite of the Russian Empire and the socio- political elite of the Grand Duchy of Finland on the issue of the degree of independence of the latter in the field of legislation and administrative management. An array of documents on the history of Russian-Finnish relations, including documents from the Russian archives and the National Archives of Finland, has been published for the first time. The compilers paid special attention to the documents devoted to the lengthy discussions on the legal status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and its correction in 1899–1917. The collection contains documents on the interaction of political leaders of Finland with the Provisional Government and the Bolshevik Council of People’s Commissars, covering the period from 1917 to 1920. More than 42 % of the collection’s documents are published for the first time. In addition to documents revealing the preparation and adoption of legislative acts regulating the situation of the Grand Duchy, the volumes of the collection include documents illustrating current problems: the fight against Russian revolutionaries on Finnish territory, the attitude of the Finnish population to Russia’s participation in the First World War. The documents of the collection reveal the process of movement towards the creation of an independent Finland, and show that the policy of the tsarist government in this region was aimed at creating borders defining the spheres of general Imperial and Finnish legislation. The published materials convincingly show the reasons for the failures in the policy of the autocratic government, which led to the deterioration of relations with the Grand Duchy of Finland.
Generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps through decentralised analytics
Authors: Welten Sascha , Holt Adrian , Hofmann Julian , Weber Sven , Klopries Elena-Maria , Schüttrumpf Holger , Decker Stefan
Published: January 2024

Increasing extreme weather events pose significant challenges in hydrology, requiring tools for preparedness and prediction of intense rainfall impacts, especially flash floods. Current risk reduction measures for pluvial flood risk management rely on flood hazard maps, but inconsistencies in transregional standards that are used for risk assessment hinder cross-regional comparisons. While there are existing guidelines for the development of pluvial flood hazard maps, there is still a lack of holistic modelling systems that enable harmonised predictions of the impacts of heavy rainfall events. Furthermore, sensitive city data (e.g., critical infrastructure, sewer network) exist in many municipalities, which cannot be readily disclosed for modelling purposes. In this work, we propose an approach using distributed analytics to distribute computation commands to existing hydrodynamic models at different locations. In combination with harmonising model adapters, we enable the generation of harmonised pluvial flood hazard maps of different regions to tackle the inconsistencies and privacy concerns. We apply our approach to four adjacent urban areas in the Rhein-Sieg Kreis of North Rhine-Westphalia. Our results demonstrate the ability of our approach to produce cross-regional pluvial flood hazard maps, supporting disaster preparedness and management in regions prone to extreme weather events and flash floods.
Complications after pylori-preserving pancreatoduodenal resection in a 14-year-old girl with a solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas
Authors: Sokolov Yu. Yu. , Ananyev D. P. , Efremenkov A. M. , Solodinina E. N. , Melekhina O. V. , Zykin A.  P. , Akhmatov R. A.
Published: January 2024

Pancreatoduodenal resection (PDR) is one of the most difficult surgical interventions in abdominal surgery of childhood. We present our clinical observation of a postoperative complication in a 14-years-old girl.

The girl was operated on for a solid pseudopapillary tumor of the head of the pancreas, laparoscopically assisted pylori-preserving PDR was performed, mobilization and removal of the tumor was performed, distally between the stump of the pancreas and the Roux-en-Y loop of pancreatoejunoanastomo was formed. Mechanical jaundice occurred in the late postoperative period. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy, recanalization of hepaticoejunoanastomosis with the formation of external-internal transhepatic drainage was performed. 5 courses of balloon dilation of the stricture of the biliodigestive anastomosis were performed later.

We demonstrate some complications of PDR in children and show possible options for their correction.
Ressocialização do controle social e reversão das manifestações violentas em Moçambique
Authors: Sitoe Júnior António Bai
Published: January 2024

This research studies the dynamics of violent demonstrations in Mozambique and the author-ities’ response to this phenomenon. The study starts from the record of the first strike in 1993 until the explosion of hidden debts, the biggest financial scandal that shook the country in early 2016, generating intentions of popular revolts until the year 2022. The purpose is to understand how the violent demonstrations were managed by the authorities, changing over time and influencing their trajectory. To this end, a qualitative meth-odology and non-participant observation were used in peripheral neighborhoods with a history of intense protests in Maputo City. The aforemen-tioned exercise allowed us to verify that after the first violent manifestations erupted, the authorities progressively created new mechanisms of social control to replace the mechanisms that had been dissolved by the strikes or had failed in the con-text. In this process, the cycle of social control that prevented violent manifestations against hidden debts, as well as the different forms of peaceful social demonstrations, was consolidated.
Kritik lukisan surealistik karya Oktaviyani
Authors: Sakti Refsi Monika , Nugroho Sigit Wahyu
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang proses penciptaan karya lukis surealistik terkait makna, tema, dan persepsi terhadap estetika lukisan karya Oktaviyani berdasarkan pendekatan kritik seni rupa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Deskriptif Kualitatif. Pada subjek penelitian ini adalah tiga karya lukis Oktaviyani yang berjudul Deep Healing (2020), Tell Me a Story (2018) dan Moonchild (2016). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pada keabsahan data dilakukan dengan, ketekunan pengamatan, dan triangulasi data. Setelah pengumpulan data maka dapat disimpulkan hasil penelitian yaitu: Langkah dalam penelitian karya lukis berupa Kritik Seni Rupa yang terdiri dari, a) deskripsi lukisan yang berjudul Deep Healing (2020), Tell Me a Story (2018) dan Moonchild (2016), (b) analisis formal dengan keseluruhan elemen membentuk kesatuan yang harmonis dan dengan goresan kuas yang halus dan bertekstur, c) interpretasi, d) evaluasi. Pada kesimpulan pada makna dan tema lukisan Surealistik Oktaviyani yang menggambarkan figur fiktif seni dan unsur seni rupa seperti warna, garis, tekstur, bentuk dan gelap terang yang diekspresikan dalam bentuk karya imajiner yang terkandung dalam lukisan Oktaviyani agar lebih peduli terhadap hak-hak hidup, menghormati segala perbedaan di sekelilingnya, dan peduli terhadap tindakan bullying yang semakin berkembang dan memprihatikan.
Penerapan instagramable interior design di café Meekow
Authors: Nopayati Yasmin Fitria , Ambarwati Dwi Retno Sri
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan konsep penerapan instagramable interior design di café Meekow Kecamatan Selong Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian nya yaitu manager, staff atau karyawan, pengamat interior dan pengunjung café Meekow sedangkan objeknya yaitu café Meekow yang terkait dengan interior design yang instagramable. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di café Meekow Kecamatan Selong, Kabupaten Lombok Timur pada bulan Februari  hingga September 2022. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adanya penerapan instagramabale interior design di café Meekow yaitu observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dokumentasi dan angket tertutup. Kemudian untuk memperkuat keabsahan data dipergunakan triangulasi yang terdiri dari triangulasi sumber, triangulasi metode dan triangulasi teori. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Pemanfaatan platform instagram oleh café Meekow dalam strategi pemasarannya dirasa cukup efektif mengingat jumlah pengguna instagram yang ada di Lombok semakin meningkat. Keefektifan penggunaan instagram ini terlihat dari banyaknya pengunjung yang memilih café Meekow sebagai tempat untuk menghabiskan waktu luang mereka serta dianggap memiliki desain yang lebih kekinian dibanding café lain dan layak dijadikan sebagai background foto untuk dibagikan pada instagram mereka sehingga sering diistilahkan sebagai café yang instagramable. 2) Instagramable merupakan istilah yang belakang ini dipergunakan para pengguna instagram untuk menyebutkan suatu hal yang sedang eksis di instagram baik itu yang berkaitan dengan tempat wisata, gaya desain dan lain sebagainya yang memang layak dibagikan di instagram. Desain instagramable sendiri merupakan salah satu konsep desain yang dinamis karena dapat disesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman. Artinya konsep desain yang instagramable tidak berpatokan pada satu jenis desain saja dan bersifat universal.
Resilience Among Healthcare Providers in Rural Appalachia During COVID-19
Authors: Chertok, PhD Ilana , Graham, PhD Dawn , Yellamraju, BS Kavya
Published: January 2024

Background Health disparities and lack of resources in rural Appalachia have compounded the stress of the COVID-19 pandemic, yet resilience may facilitate healthcare providers' ability to overcome difficulties. The purpose of the study was to explore the perception of resilience among healthcare providers in rural Appalachia. Methods Qualitative interviews explored the perceived experience of resilience among 18 healthcare providers working in rural Appalachia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Four themes were identified, including the personal meaning of resilience, developing resilience in self and in others, running in crisis mode, and rural culture as a source of strength. Discussion Findings of the qualitative study demonstrate that adaptive resilience strengthened healthcare providers' dedication to caring for their patients and communities. Internal sources such as self-care and optimism and external sources, including support from family, friends, and community, were critical in healthcare providers' resilience during the pandemic. Characteristics and experiences particular to the people in rural Appalachia may contribute to their inner strength. The study findings highlight the importance of promoting resilience among healthcare providers in the region who experience high levels of personal, professional, and community stress.
Environmental and Human Health Impact of Antibiotics Waste Mismanagement: A Review
Authors: Ugoeze Kenneth , Alalor Christian , Ibezim Chidozie , Chinko Bruno , Owonaro Peter , Anie Clement , Okoronkwo Ngozi , Mgbahurike Amaka , Ofomata Chijioke , Alfred-Ugbenbo Deghinmotei , Ndukwu Geraldine
Published: January 2024

The discovery of antibiotics and their use in the last century substantially shifted the management of an array of infections. However, its unprecedented irrational usage and inept disposal of their waste exposed the ecosystems to unquantifiable antibiotic deposits, triggering the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with its immeasurable critical risk to public health. By adopting a narrative review method and accessing the available literature, the authors described what constitutes antibiotic waste, their classification, and the possible paths to access the ecological system. Further steps were taken to define the appropriate methods of disposing of antibiotic waste alongside the documented common wrong approaches in disposing of these currently undertaken in different parts of the globe, thus creating allowance for antibiotic waste mismanagement. The far-reaching consequences of inappropriate disposal of antibiotic waste into the environment were explored, emphasizing its hazardous impacts on human health and the ecosystem. Emphasis was laid on the pressing need for combined efforts involving policymakers, healthcare professionals, pharmaceutical industries, and the public to implement sustainable antibiotic waste management practices and promote their accountable utilization, and further suggested that proactive measures, such as severe regulatory frameworks, community awareness drives, and the promotion of eco-friendly options will be vital to easing the ecological and human health risks correlated with antibiotic waste mismanagement. By realizing the significance of this issue and approving integrated approaches, significant efforts could be accomplished regarding protecting the ecosystem and securing the effectiveness of antibiotics for the upcoming generation.
Characteristics and Range of Reviews About Technologies for Aging in Place: Scoping Review of Reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Bergschöld Jenny M , Gunnes Mari , Eide Arne H , Lassemo Eva
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

It is a contemporary and global challenge that the increasing number of older people requiring care will surpass the available caregivers. Solutions are needed to help older people maintain their health, prevent disability, and delay or avoid dependency on others. Technology can enable older people to age in place while maintaining their dignity and quality of life. Literature reviews on this topic have become important tools for researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and decision makers who need to navigate and access the extensive available evidence. Due to the large number and diversity of existing reviews, there is a need for a review of reviews that provides an overview of the range and characteristics of the evidence on technology for aging in place.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the characteristics and the range of evidence on technologies for aging in place by conducting a scoping review of reviews and presenting an evidence map that researchers, policy makers, and practitioners may use to identify gaps and reviews of interest.

METHODS

The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Literature searches were conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus using a search string that consisted of the terms “older people” and “technology for ageing in place,” with alternate terms using Boolean operators and truncation, adapted to the rules for each database.

RESULTS

A total of 5447 studies were screened, with 344 studies included after full-text screening. The number of reviews on this topic has increased dramatically over time, and the literature is scattered across a variety of journals. Vocabularies and approaches used to describe technology, populations, and problems are highly heterogeneous. We have identified 3 principal ways that reviews have dealt with populations, 5 strategies that the reviews draw on to conceptualize technology, and 4 principal types of problems that they have dealt with. These may be understood as methods that can inform future reviews on this topic. The relationships among populations, technologies, and problems studied in the reviews are presented in an evidence map that includes pertinent gaps.

CONCLUSIONS

Redundancies and unexploited synergies between bodies of evidence on technology for aging in place are highly likely. These results can be used to decrease this risk if they are used to inform the design of future reviews on this topic. There is a need for an examination of the current state of the art in knowledge on technology for aging in place in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa.
Aplicación de medidas de magnitud del efecto para prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en residentes.
Authors: Medina. Myriam L. , Medina Marcelo Gabriel
Published: January 2024

En una reciente evaluación del artículo: Prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en residentes de Pediatría de un hospital aplicando como complementariedad la el análisis estadístico mediante el uso de las medidas de magnitud del efecto (ME), se señaló que la diferencia entre los tres grupos en cuanto a la dimensión despersonalización (DP) fue significativa (nH>.25) y concretamente, sólo los de primer y tercer año (diferencia observada fue diferencia crítica).