bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Black tiger shrimp larvae (Penaeus monodon) that received eggshell powder in diet exhibit decreasing of growth and survival rate
Authors: Safriani I , Putra D F , Rahimi S A E , Othman N
Published: November 2019

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of eggshell powder supplementation in diet on the growth and survival rate of black tiger shrimp,Penaeus monodonlarvae. A total of 600 shrimp larvae (PL 12) was used with five treatment levels and four replications. The shrimp fed with 42% of crude protein, feeding frequency three times a day at 08.00; 14.00; 18.00 pm and 5% feeding rate. The dietary treatments were A (0%), B (3%), C (6%), D (9%) and E (12%) fed for thirty days. Results showed that the supplementation of eggshell powder in diet had a significant effect on weight gain, length gain, specific growth rate, and survival of black tiger shrimp larvae. Duncan's advanced test showed that the optimum dose of eggshell powder was found in treatment A (0% eggshell powder) with weight gain, length gain, specific growth rate, and survival rate at 0.0301±0,0013 g, 12.41±0,56 mm, 12.82±0,16 %/day, and 94.17±1,66%, respectively. Hence, it can be concluded that the supplementation of eggshell powder may decrease the growth and survival rate of black tiger shrimp larvae.
Induction of gonadal maturation in mahseer fish (Tor douronensis) using the PMSG hormone, antidopamin
Authors: Mellisa S , Hasri I , Agung W , Nurfadillah N , Putra D F
Published: November 2019

Spawning of pedih fish (Tor douronensis) is seasonal that occur twice a year. This causes limitation of mature broodstock. Therefore, the study was done to examine the effect of PMSG + antidopamin hormone in accelerating gonadal maturity female broodstock of pedih fish (Tor douronensis) at different concentration. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method, using 12 test fish with 4 treatments, namely treatment A (0 mL/kg fish), B (0.5 mL/kg fish), C (1 mL/kg fish), D (1.5 mL/kg fish). The ANOVA test results showed that induction of gonadal maturation in pedih fish (Tor douronensis) using different concentration of PMSG + AD had a significant effect on broodstock weight gain (W), egg diameter (mm) and relative egg diameter (%/day) (P <0.05). The study indicated that the treatment C (1 mL/kg of fish) produced the highest value on the broodstock weight gain (0.17 kg), egg diameter (1.68 mm), relative egg diameter (8,03%/day).
Lift net units optimization in Krueng Raya waters, Aceh Besar
Authors: Aprilla R M , Miswar E , Ikramullah M , Rizwan T , Juanda R , Rahmah A , Sofiati T
Published: November 2019

Operation of lift net is a potential utilization for fisheries in Aceh. Recently, the factors affecting the fishing catch by lift net units are unknown. The information of production factors affecting fishing catch by lift net is required in order to optimize the operation capture. This research aimed to describe lift net units, fishing catch composition, and lift net units optimization in Krueng Raya waters, Aceh Besar. This research had been done from June until July 2017 in Krueng Raya waters, Aceh Besar. The data were collected through questionnaires which were distributed to 30 respondents. The lift net units and fishing catch composition were analyzed by using descriptive method. Lift net units optimization was analyzed by using a multiple linear regression model. The result of descriptive analysis shows that lift net units in Krueng Raya consist of a boat, a lift-nets house which is used as a house for fisherman to take a rest, whereas the floor of the house is used for fishing operations. In one lift net boat, there are fish handler, chef and crew. The fishermen use lamp, roller, scoop, generator, and fish basket as fishing catch equipment. The fishing catch compositions of lift net units in Krueng Raya are Stolephorus sp (74,7%),Rastrelliger sp (14,4%), Decapterus sp (7,6%) and Euthynous sp ( 3,1%). The multiple linear regression analysis results, Y = -498,667 + 5,302 (X1) − 23,643 (X2) + 19,661 (X3) − 20,478 (X4) − 0,130 (X5) indicate that the production factors; the lamp capacity significantly affected fishing catch, whereas the amount of the fuel insignificantly affected fishing catch.
Replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal for the diet of seabass, Lates calcarifer
Authors: Yanti M , Dewiyanti I , Nurfadhilah N , Nur F M , Batubara A S , Tahang M , Muchlisin Z A
Published: November 2019

Fishmeal is one of the essential raw materials in the fish diet, and this material is expensive and rarely available in the rural area. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the possibility to replace the fishmeal with the soybean meal in the diet of Asian seabassLatescalcarifer. The study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 at Center for Brackish Water Aquaculture in Ujung Batee, Aceh Besar District, Indonesia. The completely randomized experimental design method was used in this study with six treatments and four replications. The tested treatment was the replacement proportion of fish meal with the soybean meal in the diet, namely: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The experimental fish were stocked at one fish per liter of seawater. The fish were fed on the experimental diet at feeding level of 10% body weight two times a day. The results showed that the proportion of the soybean meal in the diet gave the significant effect on the weight gain, specific growth rate, feeding conversion ratio and feed efficiency (P<0.05), but did not provide the considerable impact on the survival rate (P>0.05). In conclusion that approximately 40% of the fish meal can be replaced with soybean meal for Asian seabass diet.
Assessment of mangrove forest damage and its recovery in Banda Aceh city post-tsunami disaster
Authors: Affan M , Fadli N , Jufriadi J , Nazaruddin N , Sofyan H , Nizamuddin N , Marzuk M , Sapha D
Published: November 2019

The Indian Ocean Tsunami on 26th December 2004, had caused devastation on land and coastal ecosystems. One of the worst affected ecosystems is the mangrove forest. Many areas of mangrove forest have been destroyed, and it may pose a long-term impact for the region, both in terms of forest and biodiversity conservation and in terms of the ability of the ecosystem to support the livelihoods of the coastal communities. The tragedy of tsunami has requested the rationale for conserving and sustainably managing natural ecosystems among the researchers and scientific community. The research was carried out to make a post-tsunami damage assessment and recovery of mangrove forest in Banda Aceh city area. Several high-resolution satellite imageries data have been effectively used to detect, assess and monitor the changes of mangrove forests in the pre and post-tsunami period using multi-temporal optical satellite data. An on-screen visual interpretation was made to identify the heterogeneous patches for the preliminary classification of fieldwork. A supervised classification was performed to obtain the pre and post Tsunami assessment maps. Accuracy assessment of the classified maps was performed on pixel-level using ground truth. The result highlighted the changes in the spatial extent of the mangrove forests in the study area as a result of Tsunami disaster. The latest condition of the mangrove forest recovery is about 90.3% of the total damage area.
Distribution of three species of Penaeus in mangrove ecosystem area of Langsa, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Damora A , Iqbal T H , Firmanhadi F , Dewiyanti I , Umam A H , Persada A Y
Published: November 2019

Conservation efforts of shrimp species in their care areas that are classified as critical habitats in the juvenile phase of shrimp need to be done, one of which is by examining the distribution of three main economically species of the genus Penaeus: Penaeus monodon, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, and Fenneropenaeus indicus. Research has been carried out at nine stations in the Langsa City mangrove ecosystem with the stratified random sampling method. Shrimp sample collection is taken by phok which is a fishing gear for local fishermen. Phok is used by shading an area of ± 200 meters horizontally with a net with a size of 1.5 inchi mesh. A total of 122 penaeid shrimp were found in the mangrove ecosystem of Langsa City. Arusan Bupati Station has the highest percentage of penaeid shrimp found at 21.31%. The penaeid shrimp that was found was dominated by three species, namely F. indicus at 70.49%, F. merguiensis at 25.41%, and P. monodon at 4.09%. The highest percentage of F. indicus was found at Simpang Buloh station at 19.77%. The highest percentage of F. merguiensis was found at Alue Tirom station at 51.61%. The highest percentage of P. monodon was found by the Arusan Bupati station by 60%.
Dynamic spatial allocation of scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) in the coast of Gunungkidul, Indonesia
Authors: Damora A , Adrianto L , Wardiatno Y , Suman A
Published: November 2019

The Scalloped Spiny Lobster (Panulirus homarus) is the most caught species of the genus Panulirus in the coastal waters of Gunungkidul. As a result of the high economic value of this species, its catch rate continues to increase. The management of lobster fishery is less precise when using conventional bioeconomic models due to several things, among others are the distribution of its stock is spread according to spatial distribution, low levels of fish resource mobility and the tendency to be biased if the spatial aspects are not taken into account. Growth, mortality, and recruitment parameters are also highly dependent on environmental conditions albeit within a small distance. A spatial bioeconomic approach was carried out to assess a utilization optimization model, by taking into account the biological, ecological, and economic characteristics of this species' capture. This research was carried out in six lobster landing locations in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Catchability, fuel price, selling price, total cost, and total revenue from each lobster landing locations were identified to determine the dynamic spatial allocation of fishing effort. We found that the capture of P. homarus in four lobster landing locations (Gesing, Ngerenehan, Siung, and Sadeng) can be optimized during peak catch seasons, while in Gesing and Siung can be optimized during catch drought seasons.
Application of Schaefer model on mackerels fishery in Aceh waters, Indonesia
Authors: Mardhatillah I , Damora A , Rahmah A , Nurfadillah N , Muhammad M
Published: November 2019

The mackerels were grouped into pelagic fish associated with oceanic habitat. Its exploitation in Aceh waters is quite intensive but not yet information related to its stock status. This information is needed in taking action on fisheries management with a quota approach.This study aims to assess of monthly production of mackerels tuna and maximum sustainable yield. This study deal with the estimation of catch and effort at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of mackerels based on catch per unit effort (CPUE) and production of purse seine fishery in Banda Aceh during 2013–2018. Analysis was carried out using an equilibrium approach with the Schaefer model. The result showed that the average CPUE of purse seine for mackerels is 0,556 tonnes/trip. Since 2015 to 2018, the trend of biomass continued to decline and the over-fishing applied in this period. The catch at MSY of mackerels was 1506 tonnes/year and the effort at MSY was 2517 trips/year.
Fish Species of fishermen’s catches in Siumat Island, Simeulue Timur Sub-District, Simeulue, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Melanie K , Rianjuanda D , Zulfahmi I , Indra I , Dirgantara R , Irfannur
Published: November 2019

The waters surrounding Siumat Island is a new potential fishing ground in Simeulue Island. However, Information related to fish species in this location is still not widely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to identify fish species caught by fishermen in Siumat Island, Simeulue Timur Sub-District, Aceh Province. The sampling was conducted within 1-20 March 2019. Fish samples were collected from the fish auction location and identified using fish identification books. A total of 243 individuals fish consisting of 54 species and 16 family were identified during the study period. Serranidae was a predominant family with 13 species followed by Lutjanidae and Carangidae with 9 species. From 54 species collected, Turisi Bali (Pristipomoides typus) are the common species found in this location. This research can be used as basic data in making decision for fisheries development in Siumat Island.
Estimation of mangrove biomass and carbon absorption of Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata in Banda Aceh, Aceh Province
Authors: Dewiyanti I , martunis M , Agustina S
Published: November 2019

Mangrove ecosystems can reduce CO2through a mechanism of sequestration which is absorption of carbon from the atmosphere and its storage in several compartments such as plants, litter and soil organic matter. The purpose of this study was to determine carbon uptake in the mangrove vegetation ofRhizophora apiculataandRhizophora mucronatain Banda Aceh. The research was carried out in two sampling sites, those were Gampong Jawa and Lambaro Skep Banda Aceh on January to March, 2018. This research was conducted at Marine Chemistry and marine Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The method used in this study was destructive sampling method. The results of the study showed that the amount of carbon absorption byRhizophora apiculataandRhizophora mucronatawere 4033.33 g CO2/tree and 3888.36 g CO2/tree, respectively. The results of statistical calculations using the t-test showed that the carbon absorption ofRhizophora apiculataandRhizophora mucronatadid not different significantly, where the value of p> 0.05 (p = 0.33). Furthermore, the differences between sites also showed that the two stations were not significantly different, with a value of p>0.05 (p = 0.47).
Status enhancement study of Fish Landing Base of Labuhanhaji become the national fishing port
Authors: Aprilla R M , Rizwan T , Hendrami E , Chaliluddin M A , Rusdy I , Perdana A W , Iqbal T H
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to review the status enhancement of Fish Landing Base (PPI) of Labuhanhaji. This study had been done from April until Mei 2018 in PPI Labuhanhaji, Aceh Selatan. The data were collected through interviewing to fishermen, the fish seller in PPI Labuhaji, and stakeholder of Marine and fisheries department in Aceh Selatan. The status enhancement was analyzed by comparative descriptive analysis, which was comparing the current operational technical activities in Labuhanhaji Fish Landing Base (PPI) with the operational technical criteria of Nusantara Fisheries Port (PPN) based on the Minister regulation of Maritime and Fisheries minister Number PER.08/MEN/2012 concerning about Fisheries Port. The study result showed that Labuhanhaji Fish Landing Base (PPI) not yet fulfilling the criteria for status enhancement, from the 8 criteria established under the minister regulation Number PER.08/MEN/2012 Labuhanhaji Fish Landing Base (PPI) had only fulfilled 6 criteria. 2 more criteria about fishing catch (production) should 30 tons per day and fisheries port land should ≤ 10 ha can not be fulfilled by Labuhanhaji Fish Landing Base (PPI) because maximum fishing catch (production) PPI Labuhanhaji less 30 tons per day (only 20 tons per day) and fisheries port land only 3 ha.
The occupational safety study of purse seine fishermen at the Ocean Fishing Port (PPS) of Kutaraja, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Rianjuanda D , Chaliluddin M A , Rinaldi R , Melanie K , Aprilla R M
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the application of regulations related to work safety equipment and its availability on purse seine vessels in the Ocean Fisheries Port (PPS) of Kutaraja, Banda Aceh, and to find out fishermen's perceptions of the importance of work safety equipment. This research was conducted in July 2018, using the method of direct surveys and interviews concerning existing national regulations. Data were analyzed descriptively and linear regression analysis through SPSS program. The results showed that from all samples of vessels 11 GT-> 61 GT (n = 21) the percentage of the presence or application of safety devices on purse seine vessels was 63%. In the 11 GT - 20 GT category the existence or application of safety equipment is 45% (n = 3), on the 21 GT - 30 GT vessel is 60% (n = 6), on the 30 GT - 50 GT ship is 65% (n = 7), on vessels 51 GT - 60 GT is 57% (n = 3) and on vessels larger than 61 GT is 86% (n = 2). In general, fishermen already understand the importance of work safety equipment, but the availability and number of occupational safety equipment on the ship are inadequate. Safety tools (independent) work influences the perception of fishermen (dependent) of only 1.83%, the rest of 98.17% is influenced by other factors outside the availability of work safety tools.
Study of bivalves infauna in mangrove ecosystems of Rigaih in Aceh Jaya
Authors: Sarong M A , Supriatno S , Asiah M D , Saputri M , Irham M , Mursawal A , Hermi R
Published: November 2019

Bivalves Infauna is a Bivalve that lives in the bottom of the waters, including in the waters of the Rigaih mangrove ecosystem in Setia Bakti District, Aceh Jaya Regency, Aceh Province. The aim of the study was to analyze the population of Bivalve Infauna, analyze the dominance of the Bivalvia Infauna population and analyze the bottom substrate of each Bivalvia Infauna population in the waters of the Mangrove Ecosystem in Setia Bakti District, Aceh Jaya Regency, Aceh Province. The research activity was carried out in April and May 2019. The population of Bivalves Infauna used a destructive sampling method. Bivalves infauna dominance data were analyzed by dominance index, while population and environmental conditions were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study indicated that the population of Bivalves infauna in the waters of the mangrove ecosystem in the study area was Anadaragranosa, Geloinaerosa, and Dosinia sp. The dominance index of the population of Anadaragranosa.67, Geloinaerosa is 0.22, and the index of dominance of Dosiniasp is 0.11. The results also show that the environmental conditions of the substrate are sand, mud and clay. Correspondingly, the study shows that there are three populations of Bivalve Infauna that dominate the ecosystem, namely Anadara granosa and found three bottom substrates in the ecosystem studied.
Macronutrients analysis of triggerfish (Abalistes stellatus) from West Kalimantan waters
Authors: Idiawati N , Gusmalawati D , Sofiana M S J , Putra Y P
Published: November 2019

Triggerfish (Abalistes stellatus) is a non-commercial fish. This species is a small triggerfish genus found in West Kalimantan waters. The aim of this research was to determine the levels of macronutrient such as protein, lipid, ash and water content of the fish. The levels of macronutrients were determined using the methods recommended by Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The fish were fairly high in macronutrient protein (19,75%) while the lipid content was 5,94%. Water and ash content were 78.87% and 1,57%, respectively. This result can be concluded that triggerfish is rich in food value, especially protein source for human dietary.
Species composition of eels larvae (Anguillidae) in Mentawai Island waters, Indonesia based genetic data
Authors: Syaifullah S , Sari N P M , Tjong D H , Muchlisin Z A
Published: November 2019

The genetic variation of eels larvae Anguilla spp. which had migrated to the estuaries of North Pagai Island at Mentawai Islands was studied from September 2016 to January 2017. The objective of the present study was to validate the species composition of eels larvae that migrated to estuary of North Pagai Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The eels larvae were collected from Mabola, Simpungan, Saumanganya, and Taikako estuaries. A total of 10 samples from every location were used to analyse the genetic variation of eels. The result showed that the heterozygosities of Anguilla marmorata and A. bicolor pacifica are highest in Saumanganya estuary, 0.1863 and 0.1840, respectively, while A. bicolor bicolor is the highest in Taikako estuary (0.1518). Gene flow (Nm) values of eels A. marmorata, A. bicolor bicolor, and A. bicolor pacifica were 0.3656, 0.5309, and 0.4679, respectively The genetic differentiation value (Gst) of A. marmorata, A. bicolor bicolor, and A. bicolor pacifica were 0.8677, 0.4418, and 0.5686, respectively It is concluded that the genetic variation of inter-populations and intra-populations of A. marmorata was higher than A. bicolor bicolor and A. bicolor pacifica.
Grain size parameter of sediment in Leupung Beach, Aceh Province
Authors: Azis S A , Isman R S , Agustina S , Antoni S , Setiawan I , Purnawan S
Published: November 2019

We investigated the sediment conditions on the Leupung Beach, located in Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province. Sampling was carried out in November 2018 at 3 stations along the coastline. Sediment sampling was carried out in the swash zone area by dividing each station into two zones, namely upper swash zone (USZ) and lower swash zone (LSZ). Sediment samples were taken vertically using a modified coring pipe to a depth of 15 cm. Sediment stratification was done by dividing the sample into 3 layers, where each layer has a thickness of 5 cm. The results obtained are sediment in the USZ area in the form of fine sand; moderately sorted to moderately well-sorted; symmetrical to coarse skewed; mesokurtic to very leptokurtic, while LSZ in the form of fine sand; moderately sorted to moderately well-sorted; symmetrical to coarse skewed; platykurtic to leptokurtic. The difference in position between LSZ and USZ, relative to the water level, gives a difference in the grain size distribution between the two.
Study of hematite mineral (Fe2O3) extracted from natural iron ore prepared by co-precipitation method
Authors: Muhammad M , Fatmaliana A , Jalil Z
Published: November 2019

The minerals content and its magnetic properties of iron ore from Lhoong mining area, Aceh province were studied. The iron ore was prepared by co-precipitation method. As the results, the main mineral and chemical compositions of samples which were investigated by XRD and XRF analysis tests, showed that the Lhoong iron ore contain Fe2O3 (93.88%) and some minor impurities, such as SiO2, MnO, and Al2O3 in varying proportions. Compare to XRD results, it was consistent with XRF, the phase compositions of iron ore are mainly hematite (Fe2O3). The XRD revealed that hematite is the major mineral components in the Lhoong iron ores. The magnetic properties of the samples after milling showed there has been increased in the remanent (Br) and coercivity (Hc). The electron microscope identification inform that the particle were agglomerated.
Social-ecological system status and its implications for coastal and small islands management planning in Tanimbar Islands, Maluku Province, Indonesia
Authors: Abrahamsz J , Lopulalan Y
Published: November 2019

The research was conducted to analyze the status of SES in coastal areas and small islands, and their implications for management planning of coastal areas and small islands. The study used the SES method approach. The dynamics of SES shows the interaction of the four main subsystems (resources, resource units, governance systems, and users), influenced by social, economic, and political settings, and their relevance to ecosystems. Each component of system status varies, and tends to be weak. All components of the system must be important variables in supporting the management planning of coastal areas and small islands in the Tanimbar Islands Regency. The management plan must be carried out through the arrangement of a social, economic and collaborative political system; optimize system management and resource units; developing adaptive governance systems; strengthen user capacity; the negative impact of some interactions of SES components is reduced collectively; and comprehensive measurement of social and ecological performance.
Space Overlapping by Commercial Activity in Vibrant Kampong (Case: Kampong Cikini, Jakarta)
Authors: Alfiyanti R M , Fuad A H
Published: November 2019

The existence of vibrant public spaces is one of livable and sustainable city criteria. It is important to study how high-density areas in a city provide vibrant spaces such as good atmosphere for economic activities. The research took place in Gang Ampiun -- a tight alley of Kampong Cikini, a strategic and tightly-packed settlement in Central Jakarta. There, people tend to use the street area, as an attempt to fulfil spatial needs within a limited space. The aim of this study is to discover how the overlapping happen in slack space and the result of overlapping in shifting or create threshold and boundary. The research is conducted through interviews, mapping, photos, and note-taking for four days using qualitative analytics method. Several aspects were observed, including spatial arrangements of property for commercial purpose, as well as where the seller and buyer activity take place. This study reveals that the alley and gutter are seen as slack space due to the emergence of the private owned property for commercial use. Therefore, it affects accessibility and results in a new or shifting boundary.
Dualism of the Protected Areas (Holy Region) on the Purnama Beach, Gianyar - Bali
Authors: Ningsih N P D U , Hidayah R
Published: November 2019

Purnama Beach is located along the village of Gelumpang Sukawati Village as the part of Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency. The majority of the population of Sukawati Village are Hindus who have many religious events especially related to the beach. The most frequently held ceremony at Purnama Beach is Tawur Agung Kesanga or Melasti ceremony, where Purnama Beach is used as the destination for a Melasti ceremony held by several areas around Sukawati District. The purpose of this study is (1) to identify the typology of spatial utilization in Purnama Beach area, (2) to formulate the various interests (actors) involved in Purnama Beach area, (3) to formulate the various functional changes that occur in the utilization of Purnama Beach area, (4) to identify the territories or zoning in Er Jeruk Temple, and (5) to formulate the various impacts that occur due to changes in the function of Purnama Beach area. So that this study can provide recommendations to mediate dualism conflicts in the use of sacred areas in Bali. It is expected to be useful in supporting regional spatial policies and sustainable tourism development.
Effectiveness of Rusted and Non-Rusted Reinforcing Bar Protected by Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection in Repaired Patch Concrete
Authors: Astuti P , Rafdinal R S , Hamada H , Sagawa Y , Yamamoto D , Kamarulzaman K
Published: November 2019

This study focuses on the monitoring of rusted and non-rusted rebar protected by sacrificial anode cathodic protection until 1000 days. Three specimens of RC beam structures having a length of 580 mm and 150x100 mm cross-section are fabricated. Two reinforcing barwith the same surface condition (ø 13 mm) were embedded in mortar parallel to each other with the intermediary distance of 40 mm and the cover depth of 30 mm in the bottom surface of the specimen. Discrete sacrificial zinc anode is connected to one rebar in patch repair section. During the investigation, the specimenswere exposed under three conditions, i.e., 20°C air curing, dry-wet cycle, and dry laboratory air. Potential of both rebar and sacrificial anode was monitored to check the condition of the cathodic protection system. The result indicates that non-rusted rebar condition in repaired patch concrete (chloride-free) is the most desirable initial condition when the sacrificial anode is applied on it to protect corroded steel bar in existing concrete (chloride contamination).
Managing Construction Waste in Developed Countries: Lessons Learned for Indonesia
Authors: Fitri L , Hatmoko J U D , Hermawan F
Published: November 2019

Many construction practitioners in developed countries are already aware of reducing and managing construction waste. In Indonesia, it has not yet become a primary concern. Typically, the priority still focuses on how to win competitions instead and finish them on time with some profits. Whereas, the volume of waste in the world continues to grow day by day. The aim of this study is to explore best practices of construction waste management in developed countries to be implemented in Indonesia. The objectives are; (1) to examine the implementation of waste management in construction projects in developed countries and (2) to identify context, drivers and barriers of the construction waste management practices. A comprehensive literature review is conducted to address these aim and objectives. The results show that in general, many developed countries can reduce and manage their construction waste with supports from stakeholders, the availability of regulation with strong sanctions, law enforcement from the government, another supporting system, and high awareness from the practitioners. Although each country arguably may have best practices due to the local context, nevertheless these results may give insight and are useful for stakeholders in the Indonesia construction industry.
Experiment Study of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test of R/C Column Under Axial Load Variation
Authors: Ma’arif F , Gao Z , Li F , Priyosulityo H R C
Published: November 2019

This study presents a simple NDT method with Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) to detect repair of R/C columns by injection and grouting. In this paper, the technique applied is mainly based on the use of epoxy under pressure into the R/C column crack system for lightly damage, whereas grouting used for repair of medium and heavy damaged R/C columns. The specimen is initially charged to increase axial loads up to 0.1P0, 0.3P0 and 0.5P0. After repair, all specimens were retested with the same method. The test results show that the repair technique is in a good category with a pulse velocity value of 4.21km/s. Pulse velocity transmitter analysis provides conceptual support to increase column capacity through repair methods. Direct methods can be recommended for post-repair structural strength with high accuracy. This method is a potential candidate for future development, especially to predict the level of damage and building rehabilitation after an earthquake.
Strength Comparison between Bolt and Cendani Bamboo (Bambusa multiplex) as A Shear Connector
Authors: Noverma  , Yusrianti  , Hapsari O E , Pribadi A
Published: November 2019

Bamboo is a natural material that can replace wood, but the bamboo weakness is easily attacked by powder beetle and a bad connection system. a simple method of bamboo connection system often uses fibbers, ropes or rattan. However, this method cannot guarantee the unity of structural elements, over time the bonds will become saggy because the shrinkage that is affected by temperature changes. Another alternative can be done by using the bolt or the Cendani bamboo (Bambusa multiplex) as shear connector. The purpose of research is to know the ability of the bolt and the Cendani bamboo the shear connector in an element structures of bamboo. The research method is done by combining three pieces of bamboo with mortar filler using the bolt and Cendani bamboo as a shear connector, then apply the load to the ultimate limit. The result showed that use of bolt as the shear connector was stronger than Cendani bamboo. This is available with the results of the higher tensile strength of the bolt compared by the tensile strength of Cendani bamboo.
Investigation of Tsunami Hydrodynamic Loads Acting on A Slab Bridge
Authors: Hartana
Published: November 2019

An analytical approach based on numerical simulation is performed to investigate the mechanism of a slab bridge damages caused by tsunami. This slab bridge was constructed in a parallel bridge structure with the adjacent highway bridge. Tohoku earthquake tsunami flooded and washed away this slab bridge. The CADMAS-Surf numerical model was used to determine the dynamic loads acting on the slab bridge subjected to a bore type tsunami. A series of hydraulic experiments were conducted, and the results were compared to the results obtained from numerical simulation. Numerical results showed good agreement with experimental ones in terms of water surface elevation, wave pressure and force. The validated numerical model was applied to the prototype scale of slab bridge that had 3D geometry. Simulation results showed that the tsunami flow fully overtopped the slab. The horizontal force was relatively smaller than the uplift force, however the total uplift force exceeded the dead load of the slab. This result meant that the tsunami flow uplifted the slab and washed the slab downstream. The effect of the existence of adjacent highway bridge on the characteristic of tsunami inundation and forces acting on the slab bridge is also discussed.
Flood Hazard Assessment Based on Analysis of Geomorphic Flood Index and History of Flood Events (Case Study in Kemuning Watershed, Sampang)
Authors: Nugroho P C , Sutjiningsih D , Kurniawan L
Published: November 2019

Sampang is one of regency in Madura which always experiences floods every year. The frequency of flood events reach the number of 15 to 18 Sampang regency is divided into 6 watersheds that consist of Kemuning, Nedung, Blega, Samajid, Tambengan, and Tamberu watersheds events annually. From all watersheds, Kemuning watershed has the biggest area and become the priority in management of critical land management due to the impact of floods. The Length of Kemuning watershed is 54.11 kilometres with a watershed area of 354.50 km square consisting of 6 sub-districts, namely Sampang, Omben, Kedungdung, Robata, Torjun, and Camplong. The objective of the paper is to analyse the hazard index in Kemuning watershed, Sampang. The disaster hazard level is divided into 3 classes; low (hazard index <0.333), medium (hazard index: 0.333 - 0.666), high (hazard index> 0.666). The method used is a analysis which combines/overlays parameters of flood-prone areas and History of Flood Events data. The result is a flood hazard map that with details of 3476,18 hectare (51,71%) high level, 2614,37 hectare (38,89%) medium level, 631,61 hectare (9,39%) low level.
Comparison of Waste Volumes on Power Generation and COD Removal in Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC)
Authors: Samudro G , Andarani P , Syafrudin  , Nugraha W D , Wardhana I W , Mangkoedihardjo S , Muthi’ah H , Sinaga G N , Hakiem R T
Published: November 2019

Energy demand rises significantly correlated to human activities in recent years. In contrary, energy supply from unrenewable resource decreases gradually from year to year. OMW as one of the renewable resources has not been expanded well in Indonesia. Therefore, SMFC will answer the alternative technology to generate electricity from OMW. The objectives of this study are conducted to compare of waste volumes on power generation and COD removal in SMFC and determine the optimum waste volume for SMFC application affected by river sediment microorganism source and mixed waste type. SMFC reactor as MFC single chamber was designed by 2.5-liter volume of plastic houseware utilized with single graphene anode and cathode to increase the power generation.

The waste volume as the independent variable was adjusted 1/3; 1/2; 2/3 of the 2.5- liter volume of SMFC reactor, whereas river sediment microorganism source and mixed waste were dependent variables. The power density and COD removal percentage in 1/3VR, 1/2VR, and 2/3VR were compared on days 21 which was the typical day of the optimum performance of SMFC. The result shows that power density and COD removal of waste volume 2/3VR was higher than 1/3VR and 1/2VR. Power density of waste volume 2/3VR increased 1.5 - 3 times of power density of waste volume 1/3VR and 1/2VR, respectively. COD removal of waste volume 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3 remained stable. The optimum waste volume, the higher power density and COD removal, in addition to the result that 2/3 of the waste volume was the optimum result.
Forests advancements to grasslands and their influence on soil formation: Forest Steppe of the Central Russian Upland
Authors: Chendev Yu , Gennadiev A , Sauer T , Terekhin E , Matveev S
Published: November 2019

Natural replacement of grasslands by forests during the Late Holocene and in the modern period was observed. Soil changes as reaction to this phenomena were analyzed. Long-term transformation of steppe Chernozems into forest Phaeozems and Luvisols has been studied in archaeological landscapes in 5 key sites by comparison of paleosols buried under Early Iron Age defensive ramparts, with modern background soils of broad-leaved natural environments. Short-term changes of Chernozems covered by tree cover were studied in 3 key sites, presented by 55 yrs broad-leaved shelterbelts, planted on initially open spaces with Chernozems in agroforestry landscapes. Long-term (during the last 2800-2000 yrs) steppe Chernozems transformation into the forest categories of soils leaded to decrease of humus pools in the soil profiles more than 2 times. After 55 years of steppe Chernozems existence under a tree canopy (in shelterbelts) soil profiles exhibited an increase of humus stocks to depths 1 m in average on 13% at initial values. Stages of Chernozem evolution in response to changing land cover from forest to grassland is discussed. Natural advancement of forest over grasslands continues in the contemporary period. From 1970–2014 rates of climatically determined frontal advancement of forests edges onto grasslands, studied in 6 key sites in different regions of forest steppe, have linear connection with the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). According to this linear trend, rate of forests advancement to grasslands in modern period declines to zero at HTC 0.75 (the index of the center of steppe zone).
Morphological and biological characteristics of some anthropogenic plant communities in the lower Irtysh floodplain
Authors: Popova E
Published: November 2019

The study examined six sites in the right-bank floodplain of the lower reaches of the Irtysh River, Russia, in the part located near the riverbed. The sites were spaced at a considerable distance from each other. The species composition of plants was analyzed. Forty-four species of vascular plants were identified at the studied sites. In terms of the number of species, the sites were ranked as follows: 1→3→6→5→2→4. The plants at sites 2 and 4 are under anthropogenic pressure and stress, which affect the species composition, density, biological productivity, oxygen productivity, and morphometric indicators of plant communities. The assessment of the productivity of floodplain communities performed in this study can be further used to determine the natural resources potential of floodplain areas and to ensure the rational use of their natural resources.
VIS-NIR wave spectrometric features of acorns (Quercus robur L.) for machine grading
Authors: Novikov A I , Drapalyuk M V , Sokolov S V , Ivetić V
Published: November 2019

The study is intended for engineers and small-scale forestry owners because it offers a simple solution for acorns quality improvement by machine grading before sowing. Visible diffuse reflectance spectra of single whole acorns (Quercus robur L.), damaged acorns, acorns pericarp, whole and damaged acorn seeds were scanned with spectrometer USB 4000 (Ocean Optics Inc., USA) from 450 to 900 nm at 1 nm intervals. Near infrared reflectance spectra of single acorns material were scanned with spectrometer NirQuest512 (Ocean Optics Inc., USA) from 900 to 2100 nm at 1 nm intervals. English oak acorns cannot be divided from damaged acorns and acorns pericarp in the visible wavelength range. Hard-to-release damaged acorns with shell cracks are eliminated in the NIR-reflectance at a wavelength range from 1400 to 1500 nm or from 1900 to 2000 nm. After the elimination of damaged acorns, good whole acorns can be grading from the acorns rotten seed and acorns pericarp (only one the inner side of a shell) at a wavelength range from 1600 to 1700 nm. The results of this study are limited to these specific samples and cannot be interpreted for acorns of all Quercus species.
The economic aspect of new ways of obtaining innovative forest biotechnology products
Authors: Ivanova A V , Malitskaya V B
Published: November 2019

The article discusses new methods for producing woody forest plants used in traditional in vitro micro-cloning technology. Each method is considered from the point of view of economic and biological effectiveness. Organizational models for each method have been developed and constructed with the help of a specialized software product. The stages of obtaining woody forest plants have been described. Standard and technological sheets have been constructed and economic indicators of growing forest trees have been determined under optimal production conditions for each method of in vitro micro-cloning technology. The production costs for the in vitro cultivation of woody forest seedlings are determined using the considered methods. And their economic and ecological-biological efficiency is proved. It has been established that the high cost of the applied methods of biotechnology in obtaining woody forest plants does not allow competing with plants obtained by traditional microcloning technologies in vitro. A way out of the situation is possible only due to the transition from laboratory to production conditions. It reduces the complexity of work through the use of specialized equipment and automation of microclone growing processes.
Effects of silver nanoparticles and zirconium trisulphide nanoplates on the adaptation of woody species microclones to ex vitro conditions
Authors: Zakharova O , Kolesnikova E , Strekalova N , Gusev A
Published: November 2019

The transfer of microclones to nonsterile conditions is one of the critical stages of micropropagation. Nanoparticles and nanomaterials can significantly improve effectiveness of this technique if used as substances increasing adaptive capabilities of the propagated plants. We have studied the impact of silver nanoparticles and zirconium trisulphide nanoplates on the adaptation of microclones of white poplar × aspen hybrid, hairy birch, crack willow, red oak and scots pine upon transfer to ex vitro conditions. The performed study has revealed that foliage application of colloidal aqueous solutions of zirconium trisulphide and silver nanoparticles at 3 μg/l concentration to in vitro microclones was more effective than the reference growth regulator. The best results were observed in the experiments with red oak microclones, where the number of surviving and adapted plants increased by 50-60 %. Increase in biomorphological parameters was accompanied by improvement of photosynthetic activity. The results indicate high potential of zirconium trisulphide nanoplates and silver nanoparticles for protecting woody species microclones during their transfer to non-sterile conditions of glasshouse.
Forest growing conditions of chalk marl rocks in the Central forest steppe neo-landscapes
Authors: Dedenko T , Tikhonova E , Malinina T
Published: November 2019

Monitoring of hydrophysical rocks features of the Kursk Magnet Anomaly (KMA) composing chalk marl dumps seems relevant for the evaluation of reliable information on the changes, assessment of the efficiency of reclamation works and for further anticipation of the growth and forest crops state. The object of the study is the Shchigrovsky phosphate rock deposit chalk marl dump planned in 1974 in Kursk region. The aim of the research is to study hydrophysical characteristics of chalk marl rocks and specific features of ontogenesis of Scots pine culture (Pínus sylvéstris). It has been found that chalk marl rocks accumulate and retain moisture 2.1...2.3 times more than zonal humus carbonate soils. The hardness of chalk marl rocks in neo-landscapes increases with age. The preservation of Pínus sylvestris cultures in the first years reaches over 82%. This indicator decreases with age and is about 35% by the age of 40. 40-year old Pínus sylvеstris culture grows according to V bonitet on chalk marl rocks. It is necessary to apply more fertile ameliorative layer to the surface, with better hydrophysical features in order to improve forest growing conditions of the root zone of the chalk marl dumps in neo-landscapes for forest reclamation.
Voronezh parkland landscaping concept
Authors: Selivanova A , Kartashova N , Lukina I
Published: November 2019

The relevance of the study is explained by the deterioration of plants in the parkland of Voronezh. The important issue is the assessment of urban plants and the impact of the anthropogenic factors of urban environment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the existing plants and the park state, and to recommend measures to improve the structure of the park by updating the planning decisions, introducing the additional assortment of plants and changing the type of spatial structure of plants, as a sustainable part of the green infrastructure of Voronezh. The assessment of the current state of the plants has revealed a systematically decreasing share of the public green space and the reduction of the relative plant life under anthropogenic loads. The dead trees accounting for 35 % must be removed. The expansion of the assortment of plants and updating the planning decisions will form a positive trend in the reconstruction of public parks. Changing the city spaces will create the favorable conditions and environment-forming functions of green plants, and make for the comfortable life of people of Voronezh.
The visual landscape as a resource and its integration in forestry activities. Reflections for boreal forests
Authors: García-Abril A , Grande M A , Mauro F , Silva M , Salinas E
Published: November 2019

The visual landscape is a part of the total landscape related to the aesthetics of the observed environment and the personal preferences of the observer. The visual landscape must be considered in landscape management and planning processes, in impact assessments and other activities such as biodiversity conservation and implementation of best practices in forestry. There are criteria that can be applied to avoid impacts and contribute to the conservation at the landscape scale for a given forest type. Mature and virgin boreal forests have characteristics that make them very important for the landscape quality, and they are necessary elements to preserve biodiversity. These forests are the type of forest that is most often destroyed and even today, their area in the boreal biome is shrinking due to clear cuts and forest fires. Preserving and managing these forests in a sustainable way is urgent as they are key elements in the landscape of boreal areas. Fortunately, there is knowledge and previous experiences that make it possible to create and manage complex forest environments from simplified forest structures, and that are economically profitable and present attributes of old-growth forest.