bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triphenylamine-hexaarylbiimidazole derivatives as hydrogen-acceptor photoinitiators for free radical photopolymerization under UV and LED light
Authors: Li Yan-Heng , Chen Yung-Chung
Published: January 2020

In this study, three triphenylamine-based hexaarylbiimidazole (HABI) derivatives featuring different numbers of methoxy groups (none for HABI1, two for HABI2, and four for HABI3) have been synthesized.
Palladium-bridged polymers as CO-biosignal-responsive self-healing hydrogels
Authors: Xu Miaomiao , Hao Xiang , Hu Zhiwei , Yan Qiang
Published: January 2020

Using a CO biosignal to trigger the dissociation of Pd-bridged polymer hydrogel.
Bimetallic ZIF derived Co nanoparticle anchored N-doped porous carbons for an efficient oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Li Kaili , Li Daohao , Zhu Liangkui , Gao Zhuangzhuang , Fang Qianrong , Xue Ming , Qiu Shilun , Yao Xiangdong
Published: January 2020

A high-performance electrocatalytic material was derived from a new bimetallic ZIF precursor, exhibiting excellent oxygen reduction reaction performance with a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.849 V, superior to that of commercial Pt/C.
A new generation of energy storage electrode materials constructed from carbon dots
Authors: Wei Ji-Shi , Song Tian-Bing , Zhang Peng , Niu Xiao-Qing , Chen Xiao-Bo , Xiong Huan-Ming
Published: January 2020

This review summarizes the recent progress in the design and preparation of multiple electrochemical energy storage devices utilizing carbon dots, and elaborates the positive effects of carbon dots on the resulting electrodes and devices.
A metal-free aromatic cascade for the synthesis of diverse heterocycles
Authors: Schlitzer Steven C. , Arunprasath Dhanarajan , Stevens Katelyn G. , Sharma Indrajeet
Published: January 2020

A unique retrosynthetic disconnection to access diverse heterocyclic scaffolds using a 6π-electrocyclization strategy.
Seven new metabolites of drostanolone heptanoate by using Beauveria bassiana, and Macrophomina phaseolina cell suspension cultures
Authors: Hussain Zahid , Atia-tul-Wahab Atia-tul-Wahab , Hussain Nusrat , Hussain Shabbir , Atta-ur-Rahman Atta-ur-Rahman , Choudhary M. Iqbal
Published: January 2020

Incubation of drostanolone heptanoate (1) with B. bassiana and M. phaseolina afforded seven new and two known metabolites.The main sites of hydroxylation include C-5, C-7, C-11, C-14, C-15, and C-20, hydrolysis at C-17, and reduction at C-3 of 1.
The molecular engineering, synthesis and photovoltaic studies of a novel highly efficient Ru(ii) complex incorporating a bulky TPA ancillary ligand for DSSCs: donorversusπ-spacer effects
Authors: Abdellah Islam M. , El-Shafei Ahmed
Published: January 2020

TheIA-7complex was applied in DSSCs.
Multi-ionization of the Cl2 molecule in the near-infrared femtosecond laser field
Authors: Zhang Jian , Li Zhipeng , Yang Yan
Published: January 2020

The multi-electron ionization and subsequent dissociation of the Cl2 molecule in a near-infrared femtosecond laser field was investigated via the dc-sliced ion imaging technique.
Removal of fluoride ions using a polypyrrole magnetic nanocomposite influenced by a rotating magnetic field
Authors: Aigbe Uyiosa Osagie , Onyancha Robert Birundu , Ukhurebor Kingsley Eghonghon , Obodo Kingsley Onyebuchi
Published: January 2020

The impact of a varying rotating magnetic field in stimulating adsorption of fluoride ions onto a polypyrrole magnetic nanocomposite synthesized via in situ a polymerization process was evaluated.
Functionalization of hydrophobic surfaces with antimicrobial peptides immobilized on a bio-interfactant layer
Authors: Corrales-Ureña Yendry Regina , Souza-Schiaber Ziani , Lisboa-Filho Paulo Noronha , Marquenet Florian , Michael Noeske Paul-Ludwig , Gätjen Linda , Rischka Klaus
Published: January 2020

A bio-interfactant layer is applied on hydrophobic surfaces to immobilize antimicrobial peptides.
Pulse electromagnetic fields enhance the repair of rabbit articular cartilage defects with magnetic nano-hydrogel
Authors: Huang Jianghong , Jia Zhaofeng , Liang Yujie , Huang Zhiwang , Rong Zhibin , Xiong Jianyi , Wang Daping
Published: January 2020

Pulsed electromagnetic fields combined with magnetic nano-hydrogel can promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to repair rabbit articular cartilage defects.
CdSe quantum dots labeled Staphylococcus aureus for research studies of THP-1 derived macrophage phagocytic behavior
Authors: Lin Tian-Yang , Lian Zong-Juan , Yao Cai-Xia , Sun Xiao-Yan , Liu Xin-Ying , Yan Zheng-Yu , Wu Sheng-Mei
Published: January 2020

A simple, novel labeling strategy to obtain a fluorescent bacterial probe and research phagocytosis of macrophages.
Polyaromatic hydrocarbon inner-structured carbon nanodots for interfacial enhancement of carbon fiber composite
Authors: Xi Xian F. , Li Yao Y. , He Liu
Published: January 2020

Aggregation-free fabrication of polyaromatic hydrocarbon inner-structured carbon nanodots via hydrothermal treatment of the glucose aqueous solution in the monolithic methyl silicone hydrogel is introduced.
Identification of H2S/NO-donating artemisinin derivatives as potential antileukemic agents
Authors: Chen Xuemei , Huang Pei , Wang Jing , Tian Runmei , Chen Yan , Chen Yongzheng , Zhang Lei , Ma Zhigui
Published: January 2020

Conjugate10cexhibited potential antiproliferative activity against human acute myeloid leukemia cells.
Carbon-based artificial SEI layers for aqueous lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Subramanya Usha , Chua Charleston , He Leong Victor Gin , Robinson Ryan , Cruz Cabiltes Gwenlyn Angel , Singh Prakirti , Yip Bonnie , Bokare Anuja , Erogbogbo Folarin , Oh Dahyun
Published: January 2020

Artificial SEI layers passing lithium ions but blocking water molecules for long-lasting aqueous lithium-ion batteries.
Nano-zirconia supported by graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Bi Xiaojian , Yu Sirong , Liu Enyang , Yin Xiaoli , Zhao Yan , Xiong Wei
Published: January 2020

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was prepared by high-temperature calcination of urea.
Urazolium diacetate as a new, efficient and reusable Brønsted acid ionic liquid for the synthesis of novel derivatives of thiazolidine-4-ones
Authors: Fekri Leila Zare , Hamidian Hooshang , Chekosarani Masoomeh Abdollahi
Published: January 2020

Urazolium diacetate catalyzed synthesis of new derivatives of 1,3-thiazolidine-4-ones (azo dispersive dyes family)viamulticomponent reaction of various aldehydes, thioglycolic acid and 4-aminoazobenzene under solvent-free reaction was reported.
General corrosion during metal-assisted etching of n-type silicon using different metal catalysts of silver, gold, and platinum
Authors: Matsumoto Ayumu , Son Hikoyoshi , Eguchi Makiho , Iwamoto Keishi , Shimada Yuki , Furukawa Kyohei , Yae Shinji
Published: January 2020

The first report on general corrosion during metal-assisted etching of silicon.
Palladium mediated domino reaction: synthesis of isochromenes under aqueous medium
Authors: Punia Lavisha , Ramesh Karu , Satyanarayana Gedu
Published: January 2020

Isochromenes have been synthesized using palladium-catalyzed C–C and C–O bond forming reactions starting from ortho-bromo tertiary benzylic alcohols and internal acetylenes.
CdSe/ZIF-8-x: synthesis and photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance
Authors: Peng Hui-Juan , Zheng Pei-Qin , Chao Hsiu-Yi , Jiang Long , Qiao Zheng-Ping
Published: January 2020

CdSe/ZIF-8-x combines the excellent CO2 adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 and the narrow energy gap of CdSe to show an enhanced CO2 photoreduction performance.
Aqueous-based electrospun P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)/RSF medicated fibrous mats for dual temperature- and pH-responsive drug controlled release
Authors: Li Juan , Zhu Jingxin , Jia Lan , Ma Yanlong , Wu Haijuan
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a green friendly method for preparing dual temperature- and pH-responsive electrospun P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)/RSF fibrous mats for drug release.
Biocompatible supramolecular pseudorotaxane hydrogels for controllable release of doxorubicin in ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells
Authors: Li Caixia , Li Hanxue , Guo Jiahao , Li Liang , Xi Xiaowei , Yu Yanyan
Published: January 2020

A series of injectable and biocompatible delivery DOX-loaded supramolecular hydrogels were fabricated by using presynthesized DOX-2N-β-CD, Pluronic F-127 and α-CD through host–guest interactions and cooperative multivalent hydrogen bonding interactions.
Electronic, magnetic and optical properties of MnPX3 (X = S, Se) monolayers with and without chalcogen defects: a first-principles study
Authors: Yang Juntao , Zhou Yong , Guo Qilin , Dedkov Yuriy , Voloshina Elena
Published: January 2020

Relative energy values (ΔE, in eV) as well as lattice parameters (in Å) for 3D MnPX3 (X = S, Se) in different magnetic states obtained with PBE + U + D2.
Fouling analysis and permeate quality evaluation of mulberry wine in microfiltration process
Authors: Xiong Qin-Mei , Liu Jian , Liu Miao , Shen Cai-Hong , Yu Xue-Chun , Wu Chong-De , Huang Jun , Zhou Rong-Qing , Jin Yao
Published: January 2020

Microfiltration of mulberry wine.
Atomic partial charge predictions for furanoses by random forest regression with atom type symmetry function
Authors: Wang Xiaocong , Gao Jun
Published: January 2020

Atom type symmetry function that utilizes atom types defined in traditional force fields demonstrated improvements for describing structures of furanoses, and the capability of predicting their conformational adaptive charges with random forest regression models.
Foldable water-activated reserve battery with diverse voltages
Authors: Kim Do-Hyun , Na In-Yeob , Lee Duck Hyun , Kim Gyu Tae
Published: January 2020

A flexible and foldable water-activated reserve battery was successfully fabricated by assembling a paper electrode and an aluminum sheet.
Crystallization behavior and optical properties of isotactic polypropylene filled with α-nucleating agents of multilayered distribution
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Wei Liangqiang , Sun Jing , Huang Anrong , Qin Shuhao , Luo Heng , Gao Chengtao , Zheng Yu , Shen Jiabin
Published: January 2020

Isotactic polypropylene (iPP)-based multilayered composites containing alternating layers of pure iPP and α-nucleating agents (α-NAs)-filled iPP (αPP) were fabricated through layer-multiplying co-extrusion technology.
Efficient synthesis of 4-sulfanylcoumarins from 3-bromo-coumarinsviaa highly selective DABCO-mediated one-pot thia-Michael addition/elimination process
Authors: Mostardeiro Vitor B. , Dilelio Marina C. , Kaufman Teodoro S. , Silveira Claudio C.
Published: January 2020

A facile, simple and metal-free protocol for the 4-sulfanylation of 3-bromocoumarins was developed. It involves a thia-Michael addition and a dehydrobromination under DABCO assistance.
Diels–Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene analogs and benzoquinone in water and their application in the synthesis of polycyclic cage compounds
Authors: Shi Yijun , Liu Xuejing , Han Ying , Yan Peng , Bie Fusheng , Cao Han
Published: January 2020

Diels–Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene analogs and p-benzoquinone were explored in water and yielded 83–97% product, higher than the results reported in water with a catalyst or cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) micelles.
Biocompatible UV-absorbing polymer nanoparticles prepared by electron irradiation for application in sunscreen
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Lim Hyung San , Lee Na Eun , Cho Sung Oh
Published: January 2020

The electron-irradiated polymer nanoparticles exhibit no significant signs of cytotoxicity and phototoxicity while providing excellent UV-shielding performance.
Acoustophoretic assembly of millimeter-scale Janus fibers
Authors: Akella Meghana , Shabaniverki Soheila , Juárez Jaime J.
Published: January 2020

This article presents a method for the assembly of millimeter-scale Janus fibers using acoustophoresis as an assembly mechanism.
Evaluation of curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy on the reverse of multidrug resistance in tumor cells
Authors: Li Ying , Xiao Pei , Huang Zipeng , Chen Xinru , Yan Xia , Zhai Junqiu , Ma Yan
Published: January 2020

The Apoptosis of resistant tumor cells reduced by curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy.
Combining retrosynthesis and mixed-integer optimization for minimizing the chemical inventory needed to realize a WHO essential medicines list
Authors: Gao Hanyu , Coley Connor W. , Struble Thomas J. , Li Linyan , Qian Yujie , Green William H. , Jensen Klavs F.
Published: January 2020

Retrosynthetic pathways suggestions are optimized to minimize the number of unique chemicals required to synthesize multiple products as would be useful for on-demand manufacturing.
Flow-controlled synthesis of gold nanoparticles in a biphasic system with inline liquid–liquid separation
Authors: Chow Edith , Raguse Burkhard , Della Gaspera Enrico , Barrow Steven J. , Hong Jungmi , Hubble Lee J. , Chai Roger , Cooper James S. , Sosa Pintos Andrea
Published: January 2020

4-Dimethylaminopyridine-stabilised gold nanoparticles are synthesised in a biphasic flow reactor system using organic/aqueous membrane separators and gas-permeable tubing.
A localized molecular automaton for in situ visualization of proteins with specific chemical modifications
Authors: Liu Lu , Li Siqiao , Mao Anwen , Wang Guyu , Liu Yiran , Ju Huangxian , Ding Lin
Published: January 2020

A localized DNA automaton is reported for in situ visualization of a specific protein subtype with dual chemical modifications on the cell surface, which executes protein-confined computation according to an anticoding–coding propagation algorithm.
2-Amino-3′-dialkylaminobiphenyl-based fluorescent intracellular probes for nitric oxide surrogate N2O3
Authors: Escamilla P. Rogelio , Shen Yanming , Zhang Quanjuan , Hernandez Derek S. , Howard Cecil J. , Qian Xuhong , Filonov Daria Y. , Kinev Alexander V. , Shear Jason B. , Anslyn Eric V. , Yang Youjun
Published: January 2020

A thorough structure-property relationship study has produced much-improved fluorescence probes for nitric oxide surrogate, e.g. N2O3, compared to the original NO550.
Readily accessible sp3-rich cyclic hydrazine frameworks exploiting nitrogen fluxionality
Authors: Dean Conor , Rajkumar Sundaram , Roesner Stefan , Carson Nessa , Clarkson Guy J. , Wills Martin , Jones Matthew , Shipman Michael
Published: January 2020

A high yielding, flexible strategy to hydrazine based chemical libraries is reported. Using a single stereogenic center, good shape diversity and three dimensionality is achieved by exploitation of the fluxional behavior of the two nitrogens.
Automated linkage of proteins and payloads producing monodisperse conjugates
Authors: Dovgan Igor , Hentz Alexandre , Koniev Oleksandr , Ehkirch Anthony , Hessmann Steve , Ursuegui Sylvain , Delacroix Sébastien , Riomet Margaux , Taran Frédéric , Cianférani Sarah , Kolodych Sergii , Wagner Alain
Published: January 2020

Controlled protein functionalization holds great promise for a wide variety of applications.
An artificially constructed direct Z-scheme heterojunction: WO3 nanoparticle decorated ZnIn2S4 for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Wang Yanze , Chen Da , Hu Yiqian , Qin Laishun , Liang Junhui , Sun Xingguo , Huang Yuexiang
Published: January 2020

The feasibility of remarkably improving the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of ZnIn2S4 was demonstrated by artificially fabricating the direct Z-scheme heterostructure of WO3/ZnIn2S4.
Dynamic arrest of adhesive hard rod dispersions
Authors: Murphy Ryan P. , Hatch Harold W. , Mahynski Nathan A. , Shen Vincent K. , Wagner Norman J.
Published: January 2020

Gel and glass transitions are systematically measured and mapped onto a fundamental state diagram for rod-like particles with short-range attractions.
Drop impact on thin powder layers: pattern formation by air entrapment
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Gopu Maheshwar , George Jijo Easo , Gupta Saumya , Mampallil Dileep
Published: January 2020

Drops impacting on thin powder layers can form fascinating patterns of powder particles by the interplay of processes such as micro-bubble generation and large air-disc entrapment.
Fully physically cross-linked double network hydrogels with strong mechanical properties, good recovery and self-healing properties
Authors: Ye Lina , Lv Qiong , Sun Xingyue , Liang Yongzhi , Fang Pengwei , Yuan Xiaoyou , Li Ming , Zhang Xianzuo , Shang Xifu , Liang Haiyi
Published: January 2020

Fully physically cross-linked curdlan/HPAAm double network hydrogels show strong mechanical properties, good recovery and self-healing properties.
Monolayerwise application of linear elasticity theory well describes strongly deformed lipid membranes and the effect of solvent
Authors: Galimzyanov Timur R. , Bashkirov Pavel V. , Blank Paul S. , Zimmerberg Joshua , Batishchev Oleg V. , Akimov Sergey A.
Published: January 2020

The linear theory of elasticity can be expanded through the range from weak to strong bilayer membrane deformations using a generalized Helfrich model based on monolayer membrane additivity.
Grain size control of crystalline III–V semiconductors at ambient conditions using electrochemically mediated growth
Authors: Valenti Marco , Bleiji Yorick , Portals Javier Blanco , Muscarella Loreta A. , Aarts Mark , Peiro Francesca , Estrade Sonia , Alarcón-Lladó Esther
Published: January 2020

InAs crystal grain size reduction by potential-enabled parasitic gas-evolution reactions in the electrochemically-mediated growth of InAs.
Advanced hermetic encapsulation of perovskite solar cells: the route to commercialization
Authors: Emami Seyedali , Martins Jorge , Ivanou Dzmitry , Mendes Adélio
Published: January 2020

An advanced laser-assisted sealing method was developed and used to hermetically encapsulate HTM-free perovskite solar cells.
Ni3S2 anchored to N/S co-doped reduced graphene oxide with highly pleated structure as a sulfur host for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Guo Daying , Zhang Zihe , Xi Bin , Yu Zhisheng , Zhou Zhen , Chen Xi'an
Published: January 2020

As a sulfur host for the lithium–sulfur battery, Ni3S2 anchored to N/S co-doped RGO with a highly pleated structure has demonstrated the strong capture of polysulfides, exhibiting high reversible capacity and cycling stability.
Hydrogen peroxide electrochemical synthesis on hybrid double-atom (Pd–Cu) doped N vacancy g-C3N4: a novel design strategy for electrocatalyst screening
Authors: Cao Yongyong , Zhao Chenxia , Fang Qiaojun , Zhong Xing , Zhuang Guilin , Deng Shengwei , Wei Zhongzhe , Yao Zihao , Wang Jianguo
Published: January 2020

The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to afford hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) provides an alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation process.
A comprehensive review on oxidative desulfurization catalysts targeting clean energy and environment
Authors: Rajendran Antony , Cui Tian-you , Fan Hong-xia , Yang Zhi-fen , Feng Jie , Li Wen-ying
Published: January 2020

ODS catalysts that ensure clean energy without SOxemission during fuel combustion are comprehensively reviewed.
Quinoline H2S donor decorated fluorescent carbon dots: visible light responsive H2S nanocarriers
Authors: Bera Manoranjan , Maji Somnath , Paul Amrita , Sahoo Bikash Kumar , Maiti Tapas Kumar , Singh N. D. Pradeep
Published: January 2020

Fluorescent carbon dots decorated by quinoline H2S donor have been demonstrated as a photoresponsive nanocarrier for the effective release of H2S.
Engineering two-dimensional metal oxides via surface functionalization for biological applications
Authors: Ren Baiyu , Wang Yichao , Ou Jian Zhen
Published: January 2020

Schematic illustration of 2D MO nanosheets for applications in biosystems.
Recent advances of tissue-interfaced chemical biosensors
Authors: Chen Chuanrui , Guo Yue , Chen Peining , Peng Huisheng
Published: January 2020

This review discusses recent advances of tissue interfaced chemical biosensors, highlights current challenges and gives an outlook on future possibilities.
The protective role of MiR-206 in regulating cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by ischemic injury by targeting PTP1B
Authors: Yan Yejun , Dang Hongwei , Zhang Xin , Wang Xia , Liu Xiaodong
Published: January 2020

MicroRNAs play essential roles in the regulation and pathophysiology of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The purpose of the present study was to assess the expression signature of miR-206 in rat heart with AMI and the corresponding molecular mechanism. The expression of miR-206 significantly decreased in the infarcted myocardial areas and in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes, compared with that in the noninfarcted areas. Overexpression of miR-206 decreased cardiomyocytes apoptosis and the down-regulation of miR-206 increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-206 in rat heart in vivo remarkably reduced myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis. We identified that miR-206 had a protective effect on cardiomyocytes apoptosis with the association of its target protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Gain-of-function of miR-206 inhibited PTP1B expression and loss-of-function of miR-206 up-regulated PTP1B expression. Furthermore, overexpression of PTP1B significantly increased cardiomyocytes apoptosis. These results together suggest the protective effect of miR-206 against cardiomyocytes apoptosis induced by AMI by targeting PTP1B.
17β-estradiol binding to ERα promotes the progression of prolactinoma through estrogen-response element-induced CaBP-9k up-regulation
Authors: Liu Jun , Han Hao , Lu Wenpeng , Fan Gaoyang
Published: January 2020

17β-estradiol (E2) is considered to be an important instigator of prolactinoma, and can positively regulate the expression of calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) which contains an estrogen responsive element (ERE) via estrogen receptors (ERs). However, the detailed mechanism of E2 in promoting CaBP-9k expression and their roles in prolactinoma progression remain unclear. Here, we aimed to characterize it. The luciferase gene reporter assay with luc-ERE transfection showed that E2 treatment significantly enhanced the transcriptional level of CaBP-9k, whereas CaBP-9k activity was reduced when GH3 and MMQ cells were treated with AZD9496, an antagonist of ERα. E2 treatment increased the protein expressions of CaBP-9k and ERα but not ERβ, whereas this effect was also abolished when cells were treated with AZD9496. Besides, immunoprecipitation (IP) and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that CaBP-9k could directly interact with ERα not ERβ, and Chromatin IP (ChIP) assay showed that ERα could bind to ERE of the CaBP-9k promoter. Moreover, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays showed that E2 treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and inhibited cell apoptosis, but these effects were all abolished when ERα was down-regulated by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or inhibited by AZD9496, as well as CaBP-9K suppression in both GH3 and MMQ cell lines. Taken together, these findings indicated that E2 stimulation promoted prolactin cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis through ERα-induced CaBP-9k up-regulation, which then accelerated the advanced progression of prolactinoma.
ERRα activates SHMT2 transcription to enhance the resistance of breast cancer to lapatinib via modulating the mitochondrial metabolic adaption
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Kejing , Hu Yu , Luo Na
Published: January 2020

Lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, can initially benefit the patients with breast tumors but fails in later treatment due to the inevitable development of drug resistance. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) modulates the metabolic adaptations in lapatinib-resistant cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. ERRα was predicted to bind to the serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) transcription initiation site in the ER- and HER2-positive cell line BT-474; thus, we hypothesize that ERRα might modulate the resistance of breast cancer to lapatinib via regulating SHMT2. In the present study, we revealed that 2.5 and 5 µM lapatinib treatment could significantly decrease the expression and protein levels of ERRα and SHMT2; ERRα and SHMT2 expression and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in breast cancer cells, in particularly in breast cancer cells with resistance to lapatinib. ERRα knockdown restored the inhibitory effects of lapatinib on the BT-474R cell viability and migration; in the meantime, ERRα knockdown rescued the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) whereas decreased the ratio of glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) upon lapatinib treatment. Via targeting SHMT2 promoter region, ERRα activated the transcription of SHMT2. The effects of ERRα knockdown on BT-474R cells under lapatinib treatment could be significantly reversed by SHMT2 overexpression. In conclusion, ERRα knockdown suppresses the detoxification and the mitochondrial metabolic adaption in breast cancer resistant to lapatinib; ERRα activates SHMT2 transcription via targeting its promoter region, therefore enhancing breast cancer resistance to lapatinib.
Exopolysaccharides isolated from Rhizopus nigricans induced colon cancer cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo via activating the AMPK pathway
Authors: Lu Yan , Zhang Xiujuan , Wang Jiayue , Chen Kaoshan
Published: January 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related human deaths. The exopolysaccharide (EPS1-1), isolated from Rhizopus nigricans, has been described as exhibiting anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity against CRC, although the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we investigate how EPS1-1 induces apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that, in vitro, EPS1-1 suppressed cell growth and facilitated apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in mouse colon cancer CT26 cells. However, treatment with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting AMPKα or with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, interfered with the pro-apoptosis effects of EPS1-1. We also show that EPS1-1 initiated the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and liver kinase B1 (LKB1), both of which are necessary signals for AMPK activation. Furthermore, EPS1-1-mediated apoptosis is regulated by inactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and activation of the jun-NH2 kinase (JNK)-p53 signaling axis dependent on AMPK activation. In vivo, azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-treated CRC mice, when administered EPS1-1, exhibited activation of the AMPK pathway, inhibition of mTORC1, and accumulation of p53 in tumor tissues. Collectively, these findings suggest that EPS1-1-induced apoptosis relies on the activation of the AMPK pathway. The present study provides evidence suggesting that EPS1-1 may be an effective target for development of novel CRC therapeutic agents.
Foam cells promote atherosclerosis progression by releasing CXCL12
Authors: Li Lingxing , Du Zhenlan , Rong Bing , Zhao Dapeng , Wang Aiping , Xu Yuzhen , Zhang Huanyi , Bai Xue , Zhong Jingquan
Published: January 2020

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that contributes to multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and foam cell formation plays important roles in the progression of AS. There is an urgent need to identify new molecular targets for treating AS, and thereby improve the quality of life and reduce the financial burden of individuals with CVD.

Methods: An in vitro model of AS was generated by treating THP-1 cells and human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) with oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs). HA-VSMC proliferation and foam cell formation were detected by the MTT assay and Oil Red O staining. C–X–C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) expression was suppressed by siRNA. An AS rat model was established by feeding rats a high-fat diet and vitamin D2 for 3 weeks. Histopathology examinations were conducted by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and the levels ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) and α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression were determined by ELISA assays and immunohistochemistry.

Results: An in vitro model of AS was established with THP-1 cells. CXCL12 expression in the model THP-1 cells was significantly increased when compared with its expression in control cells. Suppression of CXCL12 expression reduced the progression of AS in the cell model. Moreover, CXCL12 promoted AS in the in vivo rat model.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that CXCL12 plays an important role in promoting the progression of AS. Furthermore, inhibition of CXCL12 might suppress the development of AS by inhibiting HA-VSMC proliferation and their transformation to foam cells.
Wideband 67−116 GHz receiver development for ALMA Band 2
Authors: Yagoubov P. , Mroczkowski T. , Belitsky V. , Cuadrado-Calle D. , Cuttaia F. , Fuller G. A. , Gallego J.-D. , Gonzalez A. , Kaneko K. , Mena P. , Molina R. , Nesti R. , Tapia V. , Villa F. , Beltrán M. , Cavaliere F. , Ceru J. , Chesmore G. E. , Coughlin K. , De Breuck C. , Fredrixon M. , George D. , Gibson H. , Golec J. , Josaitis A. , Kemper F. , Kotiranta M. , Lapkin I. , López-Fernández I. , Marconi G. , Mariotti S. , McGenn W. , McMahon J. , Murk A. , Pezzotta F. , Phillips N. , Reyes N. , Ricciardi S. , Sandri M. , Strandberg M. , Terenzi L. , Testi L. , Thomas B. , Uzawa Y. , Viganò D. , Wadefalk N.
Published: January 2020

Context. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) has been in operation since 2011, but it has not yet been populated with the full suite of its planned frequency bands. In particular, ALMA Band 2 (67−90 GHz) is the final band in the original ALMA band definition to be approved for production.

Aims. We aim to produce a wideband, tuneable, sideband-separating receiver with 28 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth per polarisation operating in the sky frequency range of 67−116 GHz. Our design anticipates new ALMA requirements following the recommendations of the 2030 ALMA Development Roadmap.

Methods. The cryogenic cartridge is designed to be compatible with the ALMA Band 2 cartridge slot, where the coldest components – the feedhorns, orthomode transducers, and cryogenic low noise amplifiers – operate at a temperature of 15 K. We use multiple simulation methods and tools to optimise our designs for both the passive optics and the active components. The cryogenic cartridge is interfaced with a room-temperature (warm) cartridge hosting the local oscillator and the downconverter module. This warm cartridge is largely based on GaAs semiconductor technology and is optimised to match the cryogenic receiver bandwidth with the required instantaneous local oscillator frequency tuning range.

Results. Our collaboration has resulted in the design, fabrication, and testing of multiple technical solutions for each of the receiver components, producing a state-of-the-art receiver covering the full ALMA Band 2 and 3 atmospheric window. The receiver is suitable for deployment on ALMA in the coming years and it is capable of dual-polarisation, sideband-separating observations in intermediate frequency bands spanning 4−18 GHz for a total of 28 GHz on-sky bandwidth per polarisation channel.

Conclusions. We conclude that the 67−116 GHz wideband implementation for ALMA Band 2 is now feasible and that this receiver provides a compelling instrumental upgrade for ALMA that will enhance observational capabilities and scientific reach.
On the existence and stability of solutions to stochastic equilibrium problems
Authors: Anh Lam Quoc , Hai Nguyen Xuan , Nguyen Kien Trung , Quan Nguyen Hong , Van Dang Thi My
Published: January 2020

In this paper we consider stochastic equilibrium problems involving parameter of probability measures. Employing the fixed point theorem of Knaster, Kuratowski, Mazurkiewicz, and Fan (KKM-Fan), conditions for the existence of solutions to such problems are established. We then propose new metric concepts on the underlying stochastic spaces and study some properties corresponding to these metrics. Afterwards, we study sufficient conditions for the solution mappings of such problems, that are closed, upper (lower) semicontinuous and continuous with respect to the mentioned metrics. Finally, the special cases of stochastic optimization problems are taken into account as the applications.
A Branch-and-Cut and MIP-based heuristics for the Prize-Collecting Travelling Salesman Problem
Authors: Clímaco Glaubos , Simonetti Luidi , Rosseti Isabel
Published: January 2020

The Prize Collecting Traveling Salesman Problem (PCTSP) represents a generalization of the well-known Traveling Salesman Problem. The PCTSP can be associated with a salesman that collects a prize in each visited city and pays a penalty for each unvisited city, with travel costs among the cities. The objective is to minimize the sum of the costs of the tour and penalties, while collecting a minimum amount of prize. This paper suggests MIP-based heuristics and a branch-and-cut algorithm to solve the PCTSP. Experiments were conducted with instances of the literature, and the results of our methods turned out to be quite satisfactory.
Luteolin Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy
through Suppressing Inflammatory Response and
Oxidative Stress by Inhibiting STAT3
Pathway
Authors: Zhang Miaoyuan , He Liyu , Liu Jingsong , Zhou Lin
Published: January 2020

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the
leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
DN has many pathological changes, but tubular
injury is considered to be a crucial pathological
feature and plays a key role in the progression of
DN. Accumulating studies have confirmed that
Luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone, Lut)
possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
activities, which may play a role in kidney
protection in DN.

Objectives This paper described the effects
of Lut on appropriated tubular injury in the
kidneys of db/db mice and searched the possible
mechanisms underlying the kidney protection effect
in DN.

Methods Twelve-week-old male C57BL/6 J
db/db and C57BL/6 J db/m mice were used for the
animal experiments. They were organized into the
following five groups for the animal experiments:
a db/m group (control, n=6); a db/db group(n=8) ;
a db/db group receiving Lut (10 mg/kg/day,
n=8)treatment by oral gavage; a db/db group
receiving stattic (a selective STAT3
inhibitor,50 mg/Kg/day, n=8) treatment by oral
gavage and a db/db group receiving both stattic
and Lut treatment by oral gavage.

Results In this study, we found that Lut
might ameliorate glomerular sclerosis and
interstitial fibrosis in DN mouse models through
inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative
stress. And it might play its biological function
mainly through repressing the STAT3
activation.

Conclusions Lut attenuates DN mainly via
suppression of inflammatory response and oxidative
response. STAT3 pathway is the potential target,
which ultimately reduces renal fibrosis and delays
the progress of DN.
Bile Acids in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
– The Effect of Two Days of Oatmeal Treatment
Authors: Kleber Marcus Edi , Lammert Alexander , Delgado Graciela E. , Krämer Bernhard K. , Scharnagl Hubert , Fauler Günther , Stojakovic Tatjana , März Winfried
Published: January 2020

Background Beta-glucans are effective in binding bile acids (BA) thereby
lowering cholesterol concentration. This might contribute to the beneficial
effects of the consumption of β-glucan-rich foods like oatmeal on
glucose homeostasis.

Objective We measured BA serum concentrations in patients with
uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to investigate the effect of two days of
oatmeal treatment on BA concentration as compared to a conventional T2DM-adapted
diet.

Methods The OatMeal And Insulin Resistance study was performed as a
randomized, open label crossover dietary intervention study with consecutive
inclusion of 15 patients in an inpatient clinical setting. Bile acids were
measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry. For statistical analysis, the
differences in the concentration of serum BA and laboratory parameters between
the fifth day and the third day of each inpatient stay were calculated and the
effect compared between both phases by using the Wilcoxon test.

Results Whereas there was a mean decrease in total BA following oatmeal
treatment (−0.82±1.14 µmol/l), there was
no decrease following the control treatment. Glycocholic acid was lower after
oatmeal treatment but higher following control treatment
(−0.09±0.17 vs.
0.05±0.11 µmol/l). The reduction in total BA was
directly correlated with a decrease in proinsulin during the oatmeal phase.
Decreases in blood lipids or apolipoproteins were mostly greater after oatmeal
treatment, but these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion Two days of oatmeal diet led to significant reductions in
total BA as compared to a diabetes-adapted control diet. The magnitude of BA
reduction was directly correlated with a decrease in proinsulin.
Epoxides as Dual-Functionalized Alkylating Reagents in Catellani Reactions for the Assembly of Heterocycles
Authors: Cheng Hong-Gang , Zhou Qianghui , Wu Chenggui
Published: January 2020

Reported is a cooperative catalytic system consisting of a complex of Pd with dicyclohexyl(2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine (XPhos) and the potassium salt of 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid that permits the use of epoxides as dual-functionalized alkylating reagents in Catellani-type reactions for the assembly of heterocycles. Salient features of this research include readily available substrates, use of the potassium salt of 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid as a catalytic mediator as well as a base, and excellent regioselectivity for the cleavage of epoxides. This mild, chemoselective, scalable, atom- and step-economic protocol offers a straightforward approach for the assembly of isochroman and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran scaffolds.
Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in the Emergency Department
Authors: Guitart-Pardellans Carmina , Constanti Vanessa Arias , de la Maza Victoria Trenchs Sainz , Marcos Nuria Elvira Sanz , García Iolanda Jordan , Cubells Carles Luaces
Published: January 2020

Objective Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a very rare and severe entity from among the invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, whose characteristics, treatment, morbidity, and mortality are little known in pediatrics. The aim of this study was to determine its prevalence and the characteristics of its presentation in the emergency department (ED) in Spain.

Methods This is a descriptive and observational study. Patients from 1 month to 18 years of age, admitted to the ED with a final diagnosis of STSS between 2009 and 2014, were included. Patients whose parents or guardians did not allow informed consent were excluded.

Results Nine cases were diagnosed (1/100,000 consultations); the median average age was 2 years, and five were girls. No patient had a significant medical history. The most frequent reason for consultation was fever (9/9), followed by respiratory symptoms (6/9). Six presented in the ED with shock. Seven were diagnosed with pleuropneumonia, one with meningitis, and one with necrotizing fasciitis. All patients required admission at the pediatric intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, and inotropic support. All had a complete recovery.

Conclusion STSS is a rare entity in the ED affecting healthy patients who presented respiratory or otorhinolaryngology disease. In our patients, nonspecific clinical manifestations and its rapid progression to shock are shown, meaning the importance of bearing this entity in mind in the emergency room. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of this syndrome in our work area helps pediatricians to recognize it and to initiate the appropriate treatment at an early stage, which helps engender a quick and effective approach, essential for a favorable prognosis.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in the Konya Province of Turkey
Authors: Düzenli Kar Yeter , Akın Fatih , Sert Ahmet , Arslan Şükrü
Published: January 2020

Objective Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to pulmonary vasoconstriction, and heart failure due to various causes are the most important risk factors for mortality in LRTI. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of the patients with LRTI and the frequency of PH that developed secondary to LRTI.

Materials and Methods The study included 70 patients who were diagnosed as having LRTI clinically and radiologically between January 2012 and March 2013 at Department of Pediatrics, Konya Training and Research Hospital. Age, sex, risk factors for LRTI, symptoms and physical examination findings, laboratory tests, and Doppler echocardiography findings of the patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Results Of the patients, 44 (62.9%) were male and 26 (37.1%) were female. Thirty-seven (52.9%) patients were younger than 1 year, and the mean age was 2.5 ± 3.11 years. The most common symptoms of the patients were cough and fever. Rhonchus, retraction, and crackles were found to be the most common findings in physical examinations. Heart failure was found in 10% of patients and PH was detected in 8.6% through Doppler echocardiography. Development of heart failure and the presence of bilateral patch infiltration on posteroanterior chest X-rays were significantly more frequent in patients with PH. Some 42.9% of patients had at least one viral agent in their nasopharyngeal swabs. The most common viral agents were respiratory syncytial virus and rhinoviruses.

Conclusion PH may develop during the course of LRTI in children. Given that the development of PH can cause life-threatening complications such as heart failure, affected patients should be kept under close follow-up. It should be remembered that PH is more likely to develop in patients with bilateral patch infiltration on chest X-ray.
Comparison of the Kirschner Wire Tension Band with a Novel Nickel–Titanium Arched Shape–Memory Alloy Connector in Transverse Patellar Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Yang , Xia Demeng , Luo Xi , Zhang Hongyue , Wu Jianghong , Zhou Panyu , Xu Shuogui
Published: January 2020

This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of the nickel–titanium arched shape–memory alloy connector (hereafter referred to as the ASC) and tension band fixation for the treatment of transverse patellar fractures. We retrospectively analyzed a total of 257 patients with transverse patellar fractures who were treated at our emergency orthopaedics department from March 2010 to March 2017. Either an ASC or the Kirschner wire (K-wire) tension band had been used to treat these fractures according to surgeons' experience and preference. We compared operative details, postoperative recovery, and postoperative knee function at 6 months. In terms of surgical duration, blood loss, incision length, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications, patients in the ASC group showed significantly better results than patients in the K-wire group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of fracture healing time, knee mobility, and the Boström score at the postoperative 6-month evaluation (p > 0.05). Though, there were similar functional outcomes between two groups whose transverse patellar fractures were different methods, we found that the ASC method was a more reliable, more minimally invasive, and safer treatment option than the tension band wiring method using K-wires, resulting in less tissue damage, shorter surgical duration, shorter length of hospital stay, and fewer complications.
Measurement of the angular dependence of the spontaneous Raman scattering in anisotropic crystalline materials using spherical samples: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate as a case example
Authors: Kosc T. Z. , Huang H. , Kessler T. J. , Maltsev A. , Demos S. G.
Published: January 2020

A specialized experimental configuration was developed to allow for more-accurate characterization of the spontaneous Raman scattering properties in anisotropic materials. This need stems from the challenges, arising from the complexity of light propagation, in obtaining accurate measurements of the angular dependence of the Raman scattering cross section in birefringent materials. The nonlinear optical material KH2PO4 (KDP) is used as a model medium. This study is motivated by the need to improve our understanding and management of transverse stimulated Raman scattering in KDP crystals and its deuterated analog, DKDP, typically used for frequency conversion and polarization control in large-aperture laser systems. Key to this experimental platform is the use of high-quality spherical samples that enable one to measure the Raman scattering cross section in a wide range of geometries using only a single sample. The effect of polarization rotation of both the pump light and the collected Raman signal must be carefully considered in data analysis and can give rise to artifacts, which can, in part, be mitigated by reducing the input and collection cone angles.
Simulation of non-resonant stellarator divertor
Authors: Punjabi Alkesh , Boozer Allen H.
Published: January 2020

An efficient numerical method of studying nonresonant stellarator divertors was introduced in Boozer and Punjabi [Phys. Plasmas 25, 092505 (2018)]. This method is used in this paper to study a different magnetic field model of a nonresonant divertor. The most novel and interesting finding of this study is that diffusive magnetic field lines can be distinguished from lines that exit through the primary and the secondary turnstile, and that below some diffusive velocity, all lines exit through only the primary turnstile. The footprints of each family are stellarator symmetric and have a fixed location on the wall for all velocities. The probability exponent of the primary turnstile is d1 = 9/4 and that of the secondary turnstile is d2 = −3/2. This study also addresses the issues of an inadequate separation of the chamber walls from the outermost confining magnetic surface and a marginal step size of the numerical integrations that could compromise the interpretation of the earlier results [Boozer and Punjabi, Phys. Plasmas 25, 092505 (2018)]. The previous value of d1 = 2 is within the error bar of d1 = 9/4 estimated here.
Effect of helium incorporation on plasma parameters and characteristic properties of hydrogen free carbon films deposited using DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Sahu Bibhuti B. , Kim Sung I. , Lee Min W. , Han Jeon G.
Published: January 2020

The present work investigates the effects of helium (He) gas mixing with Ar on plasma parameters and examines its effect on film properties of C films. We used a closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering system for the deposition of C thin films at a direct current power density of 30 W/cm2 and an operating pressure of ≈3 mTorr. On the basis of systematic analysis, we present an attempt to enhance the electron temperature and investigate the high-energy electron tail, which is required for the efficient ionization in the plasmas, by incorporating He gas in the Ar background. This approach also promotes the plasma density to become high, which is more than two times at a mixing ratio of 80%. Moreover, the present study utilizes these plasma conditions to prepare hydrogen-free highly conductive nanostructured carbon films. Systematic plasma diagnostic and film analysis reveal that a high content of He incorporation is accountable for the fabrication of a highly conductive nanocrystalline carbon film in a high-density plasma environment.