bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing Access, Social Inclusion, and Quality Through Mobile Learning
Authors: Ossiannilsson Ebba
Published: August 2018

Mobile learning is part of a new learning landscape created by the availability of technologies and increasing digitization. As the use of mobile technology has increased worldwide, interest has grown in its potential for supporting flexible, accessible, and personalized education. As a result, higher education is facing a variety of challenges both now and in the coming decade (2020–2030) because of the continuing advances in technological development and digitization. Daily life, school, and work have become mobile. Moreover, the digitalized society fosters digital citizenship. Students entering higher education today have grown up using the internet and mobile devices. Universities need to offer a mix of face-to-face and online learning possibilities, such as open educational resources (OER) and massive open online courses (MOOC), which allow individuals to access education anywhere, anytime, and through any device. This article focuses on mobile learning (m-learning) in open learning educational contexts and quality enhancement in mobile learning in higher education. The article starts by defining mobile learning and the usefulness of m-learning in education, followed by some examples of mobile devices and a discussion of the principles of mobile learning. Examples of mobile learning design are then presented. Next, the advantages and uses of mobile learning in education are discussed. Because the issue of quality in e-learning and mobile learning is complex, this article focuses on course design, learning design, media design, and content. Additional dimensions of quality are security, accessibility, interactivity, flexibility, personalization, mobile devices, and their interfaces. Moreover, concepts such as personal learning and social innovation in relation to mobile learning are discussed. In the concluding section, future challenges are discussed.
Identifying and Ranking Influencing Factors in Using RFID Technology in Tourism Industry via the Use of Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Honarzade Mahdie , Mahmoudinia Mahboubeh , Anari Maryam Saberi
Published: August 2018

RFID is one of the modern technologies that many industries have benefited from it, and there are many opportunities in the tourism industry to benefit from it. Although there are many potential opportunities, no survey has been done on factors influencing this technology acceptance in tourism industry. So despite the lack of theories, the present article is aimed to evaluate factors influencing RFID acceptance in tourism businesses, focusing on the population of executive operating in Yazd tourism sector and using Davis technology Acceptance model (TAM) as well as Tornatzkey and Flisher's technology – organization – environment model (TOE) and using equation modeling techniques. Then, using hierarchical analysis approach, this article specifies the priority of identified factors influencing decision making of this technology acceptance. According to the results, senior management support and technical knowledge from organizational dimensions, compatibility, usefulness, ease of use, security risks and lack of standards from technological dimension, external pressure from environmental dimensions and costs from an economic dimension are factors influencing RFID technology acceptance in tourism industry. Economical dimension, among the others, is the most important, and after that organizational, environmental and technological dimension respecting an important.
An Efficient Stochastic Update Propagation Method in Data Warehousing
Authors: Bordoloi Bijoy , Kapoor Bhushan , Jacks Tim
Published: August 2018

This article develops a stochastic update propagation method for an operational data store (ODS) in data warehousing (DW) environments where data storage (and retrieval) is required as a sum of data at distributed source nodes. The authors' proposed method results in less network traffic (as compared with the real-time method) due to update propagation required because of changes in source data. More importantly, the method allows system users to place limits on the discrepancy between the source data and the ODS data that could result due to a time lag between source data changes and the update operation. Finally, the pre-specified limits on the discrepancy are maintained while accounting for two crucial factors in distributed systems: 1) some nodes are situated on more congested network links, and 2) some of the links on the network are less reliable. Real-time data propagation does not account for these frequently encountered networking concerns.
To Evaluate or Not to Evaluate?
Authors: Nan (Tina) Wang
Published: August 2018

Using information processing theory (IPT) as the theoretical lens and incorporating various literatures following the IPT lens (e.g., dual-threshold in signal detection), this article develops a two-process model of innovation adoption decision making, accounting for the possibility for potential adopters (at different levels) to make adoption decisions (adopt, do not adopt) with or without an intensive evaluation of the innovation. Specifically, this article proposes that there is an attention process prior to the extensively investigated intensive evaluation process; potential adopters may make adoption decisions (adopt, do not adopt) at the end of the attention process or defer making decisions until after an intensive evaluation is conducted. The impacts of innovation attributes on various influence targets (i.e., relative advantage belief strength, adoption threshold and rejection threshold) during the less examined attention process are also discussed. This article may contribute to the innovation adoption literature and provide practical implications for innovation proponents/detractors regarding how to craft sensegiving messages influencing potential adopters' decision making.
Besides and Beyond Histopathology; for Adjuvant Treatment in Early Tongue Cancer
Authors: Chakrabarti Swagnik , Ghosh Shreshtha , Qayyumi Burhanuddin N , Malik Akshat , Nair Deepa , Nair Sudhir , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Agrawal JP
Published: August 2018

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas differ significantly from that of other subsites of oral cavity in relation to clinical behavior. They are more aggressive and have a poorer prognosis. The treatment of choice of early (stage I and II) tongue cancers is surgery. The need for adjuvant treatment is decided on the basis of the histopathology report of the surgical specimen. High-risk patients (positive surgical margins, perineural invasion, lymphovascular spread, lymph node metastasis, and extracapsular extension) receive adjuvant treatment while others are observed. Unfortunately, in the apparently low-risk patients who are observed, there is a high rate of locoregional failure. There are certain histopathology parameters though not routinely validated may be of prognostic significance in this subset of patients. In this review, we have highlighted the importance of the routinely validated and the nonvalidated histopathology parameters and their proper assessment in the decision-making for adjuvant treatment of patients with early tongue cancers.
Small Cell Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder: Analysis from a Tertiary Cancer Care Center of India
Authors: Ram Dharma , Rajappa Suhas Kodasoge , Babu Koyyala Venkata Pradeep , Chatterjee Smaranjeet , Bhakuni Yogendra Singh , Shukla Singh Himanshu Amitabh , Singh Amitabh , Rawal Sudhir
Published: August 2018

Context: Small cell cancer of the urinary bladder. Aims: Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare histological subtype, which is particularly aggressive and global literature available describing this entity is sparse. This review of our database was to evaluate clinicopathological and survival outcomes of these patients. Subjects and Methods: The present study was a retrospective analysis of patients with small cell bladder cancer for past 6 years at Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi. Results:: Most of the patients in our study presented with limited stage disease. The overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) was 49% and 51.07% at 2 years, respectively. Preoperative chemotherapy with surgical resection has shown significant survival and DFS benefit. Stage at presentation also affected the survival and DFS though it did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Small cell bladder cancer is a rare disease with dismal prognosis. Multimodality treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be the preferred treatment for limited stage disease.
Role and Application of Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Evaluation of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lahoti Amol Madanlal , Lakhotiya Ankita Ramprasad , Ingole Sarang Manohar , Dhok Avinash Parshuram , Mudaliar Prashant N
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an important part of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of specific organs, including the breast, kidney, liver, and prostate. Prostate cancer lesions are composed of tightly packed cells with reduced extracellular space, which can be visualized on DWIs as areas of restricted diffusion (i.e., high-signal intensity), with corresponding low-signal intensity on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and low mean ADC value. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the appropriate cutoff and mean ADC value to diagnose neoplastic prostatic lesions in central India. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with suspected prostatic pathology were included in this study. All patients underwent MRI on a 1.5-T scanner with a phased-array body coil. MRIs were evaluated compared with the histopathological staging. Results:: The diagnostic accuracy of DWI in predicting malignancy was 39/41, i.e., 95.12%, which is the positive predicted value. The mean ADC for benign category was 1.14 with standard deviation (SD) of 0.14 while mean for prostatitis was 0.91 with SD of 0.26 and for carcinoma was 0.75 with SD of 0.19. The difference in the means was statistically highly significant. Conclusion: DWI demonstrates the restriction of diffusion and the reduction of ADC values in neoplastic tissue and improves the diagnostic accuracy in lesion characterization. This technique allows short acquisition time and provides high-contrast resolution between neoplastic and normal tissue. This technique can be a useful adjunct to the established dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI.
Genetic Differentiation of Glossina pallidipes Tsetse Flies in Southern Kenya
Authors: Okeyo Winnie A. , Saarman Norah P. , Bateta Rosemary , Dion Kirstin , Mengual Michael , Mireji Paul O. , Ouma Collins , Okoth Sylvance , Murilla Grace , Aksoy Serap , Caccone Adalgisa
Published: August 2018

The tsetse fly Glossina pallidipes, the major vector of the parasite that causes animal African trypanosomiasis in Kenya, has been subject to intense control measures with only limited success. The G. pallidipes population dynamics and dispersal patterns that underlie limited success in vector control campaigns remain unresolved, and knowledge on genetic connectivity can provide insights, and thereby improve control and monitoring efforts. We therefore investigated the population structure and estimated migration and demographic parameters in G. pallidipes using genotypic data from 11 microsatellite loci scored in 250 tsetse flies collected from eight localities in Kenya. Clustering analysis identified two genetically distinct eastern and western clusters (mean between-cluster FST = 0.202) separated by the Great Rift Valley. We also found evidence of admixture and migration between the eastern and western clusters, isolation by distance, and a widespread signal of inbreeding. We detected differences in population dynamics and dispersal patterns between the western and eastern clusters. These included lower genetic diversity (allelic richness; 7.48 versus 10.99), higher relatedness (percent related individuals; 21.4% versus 9.1%), and greater genetic differentiation (mean within-cluster FST; 0.183 versus 0.018) in the western than the eastern cluster. Findings are consistent with the presence of smaller, less well-connected populations in Western relative to eastern Kenya. These data suggest that recent anthropogenic influences such as land use changes and vector control programs have influenced population dynamics in G. pallidipes in Kenya, and that vector control efforts should include some region-specific strategies to effectively control this disease vector.
Effect of a School-Based Hygiene Behavior Change Campaign on Handwashing with Soap in Bihar, India: Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Lewis Henrietta E. , Greenland Katie , Curtis Val , Schmidt Wolf-Peter
Published: August 2018

Changing hand hygiene behavior at scale in the community remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of Unilever’s school-based “School of 5” handwashing campaign on handwashing with soap (HWWS) in schoolchildren and their mothers in the Indian state of Bihar. We conducted a cluster-randomized trial in two districts. We randomized a total of 32 villages with at least one eligible school to intervention and control groups (1:1) and recruited 338 households in each group for outcome measurement. We used structured observation in households to measure HWWS at target occasions (after defecation, soap use during bathing, and before each main meal) in schoolchildren and their mothers. Observers were blinded to intervention status. We observed 636 target occasions (297 in the intervention arm and 339 in the control arm) in mothers and school-going children. After the intervention, HWWS prevalence at target occasions was 22.4% in the control arm and 26.6% in the intervention arm (prevalence difference +4.4%, 95% confidence interval: −4.0, 12.8). The difference was similar in children and mothers. Observers appeared to be adequately blinded to intervention status, whereas observed households were successfully kept unaware of the purpose of observations. To conclude, we found no evidence for a health-relevant effect of the School of 5 intervention on HWWS in schoolchildren and their mothers. Qualitative research suggested that reasons for the low impact of the intervention included low campaign intensity, ineffective delivery, and a model possibly not well tailored to these challenging physical and social environments.
Odnos jezikovnih uporabnikov do splošnih enojezičnih slovarjev: slovenski vidik
Authors: Arhar Holdt Špela
Published: August 2018

Prispevek predstavlja rezultate slovenskega dela mednarodne raziskave o odnosu jezikovnih uporabnikov do splošnih enojezičnih slovarjev. Raziskava je potekala leta 2017 v okviru dejavnosti Evropske mreže za e-leksikografijo (ENeL). V Sloveniji je vprašalnik izpolnilo 619 posameznic in posameznikov, med katerimi so tako redni slovarski uporabniki kot tisti, ki slovarje uporabljajo redkeje. Rezultati kažejo, da vprašani do slovarskih podatkov najpogosteje in najraje dostopajo s pomočjo računalnika. Slovar se pogosto uporablja za preverbo ustreznosti jezikovnih izbir (lastnih in tujih), vendar njegova referenčnost ni razumljena kot absolutna, saj se ob informacijskih vrzelih uporabniki privzeto obračajo na številne druge vire. Slovar se tipično dojema kot izčrpen vir informacij o slovenščini, namenjen širši javnosti. Simbolna vloga slovarja (avtoriteta, nacionalni simbol) se v uporabniških odgovorih zrcali redkeje, implicitno pa jo nakazuje nenaklonjenost uporabnikov, da bi knjižni slovar oddali ali zavrgli, četudi uporabljajo le digitalno različico. Med vprašanimi vlada močna podpora javnemu financiranju priprave splošnih enojezičnih slovarjev, temu ustrezno pa se brezplačnost slovarja pojavlja že na drugem mestu prioritetnih značilnosti, takoj za zanesljivostjo vsebine. Med prioritetami se pojavita še enostavnost uporabe slovarja ter sodobnost vsebine. Izsledke raziskave je mogoče uporabiti pri razvoju slovarskih virov in za oblikovanje nadaljnjih korakov slovenskih slovaropisnih uporabniških raziskav.
A Mutated Yeast Strain with Enhanced Ethanol Production Efficiency and Stress Tolerance
Authors: Hemmati Naghmeh , Lightfoot David A. , Fakhoury Ahmed
Published: August 2018

One of the strategies to improve and optimize bio-ethanol production from new feed stocks is to develop new strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with tolerance to stresses. The main objectives here were to; generate S. cerevisiae mutants tolerant to high ethanol concentrations; test for their ability to ferment maize starch; and partially characterize the mutations responsible for the new phenotypes. A combination of mutagenesis, selection and cross-stress protection methods were used. EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) was used to mutagenize one S. cerevisiae strain. The mutagenized yeast strain was exposed to high concentrations of ethanol and tolerant mutants were isolated. Mutants showed improved ethanol yield (0.02-0.03 g/g of maize) and fermentation efficiency (3-5%). Finally, AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) was performed to identify polymorphisms in the mutants that might underlie the strains ethanol tolerance. The best performing mutant isolate had four altered gene transcripts encoding; an arginine uptake and canavanine resistance protein (CAN1); mitochondrial membrane proteins (SLS1); a putative membrane glycoprotein (VTH1); and cytochrome C oxidase (COX6; EC 1.9.3.1) among about 1,000 tested. It was concluded these mutations might underlie the improved ethanol production efficiency and stress tolerance.
Review of Doughnut Economics: 7 Ways to Think Like a 21st Century Economist by Kate Raworth. 2017. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing. 320 pages, ISBN 978-1 6035-8674-0 Cloth ($28.00)
Authors: Krauss Judith
Published: August 2018

N/A
Review of Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future by Paul Mason. 2015. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 340 pages, ISBN 978-0-3745-3673-2 Paper ($16.00)
Authors: Chase-Dunn Christopher
Published: August 2018

N/A
Review of A History of the World in Seven Cheap Things: A Guide to Capitalism, Nature and the Future of the Planet by Raj Patel and Jason Moore. 2017. Oakland, CA: University of California Press. 328 pages, ISBN 978-0-5202-9993-1 Paper ($24.95)
Authors: Smythe Elizabeth
Published: August 2018

N/A
Regrounding Populism: Moving Beyond Questions of Definition and Content
Authors: Arnold Colin
Published: August 2018

While conventional studies of electoral populism acknowledge that such mobilizations are linked tosignificant economic crises, their preoccupation with defining what exactly populism is often leads them to downplay the unified structural roots of different sorts of populistmobilizations. Thisessaypresents the  beginnings  of  an  alternative  framework  for  the  study  of  electoral populism that draws on the neo-Gramscian theory of political articulation that links studies of global  economic  crises with conventional  theories  of  populism.While  crisesare  an  endemic feature  of  global  capitalism,  their political manifestation  is shaped  bythe  variedinstitutional structures and legacies in which they are translated.
Research Report—"Mapping Political Economies Over Time: Teaching Regional Systems Theory With G.W. Skinner’s Historical GIS Datasets”
Authors: Ryavec Karl E. , Henderson Mark
Published: August 2018

This study documents an ongoing project compiling and publishing open access Historical GIS manuals, and associated datasets, for teaching the Regional Systems approach to mapping historical world economies to undergraduate and graduate students with no prior knowledge of GIS.  Regional Systems Theory was pioneered by the anthropologist G. W. Skinner (lived 1925-2008) to map and measure the effects of economic systems on social and cultural processes over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
An Empirical Investigation of the Impacts of Web-Based Distance Education: Evidence for Justice Studies
Authors: Osho G. Solomon , Williams Fay
Published: August 2018

During the past decade, web-based distance education has created a profound impact on education and learning. It has increased access and expanded educational opportunities of many students. The National Center for Educational Statistics reported that over 50% of post-secondary institutions now offer a number of web-based courses. Peterson’s Guide to Distance Learning programs reported that over 75 programs in criminal justice or criminology. Although increasing number of courses are being offered through the web-based distance modality, it is however important to determine the perceptions of students to its use. The study therefore attempted to determine the perceptions on web-based distance education by students in the justice studies department at a Historically Black University. The Chi Square and correlational analysis revealed that age-group, gender, year in school and study time were statistically significant. A binomial regression with student’s major as the outcome was most robust with an R-Square of 0.522. Gender, study time and year in university were statistically significant at the .05 level and having done a web-based distance course. There was therefore a statistically significant variation in the perceptions of the students in justice studies towards web-based distance education.
Impact of Internship Program on Engineering and Technology Education in Ethiopia: Employers’ Perspective
Authors: Gebeyehu Sisay Geremew , Atanaw Eshetie Berhan
Published: August 2018

Since the introduction of the ETIP in 2009 in Ethiopia, every year all engineering and technology colleges and faculties run an internship program for a period of four months. As a result, considerable amount of effort and resources are being invested while its impact on the quality of the engineering and technology education is not yet evaluated. The aim of this paper is therefore, to present the impact of the mandatory Engineering and Technology Internship Program (ETIP) in views the employer’s perspective based on a nationwide assessment study. Primary data was collected from different sector employers using a standard survey questionnaire. Sample size is determined by using general sample size formula with 5% significant level or 95% confidence interval. In the study, from a sample of 103 different sector industries 182 individuals of different in various positions were selected.The major findings of the survey revealed that the length of internship period and working hours in the industry, appropriate supervision and mentorship and provision of appropriate resource during internship as the top influencing factors for internship program to bring the intended impact on the technology and engineering education in Ethiopia. Despite the various advantages inherent in internship programs, the study reveals that undergraduate students internship program still faces lots of challenges including lack of strict placement procedures, limitation of academic mentorship, poor supervisory practice in the industry, and variations in learning facilities both at universities and in the company.Finally, the study concludes that to improve the quality of the present internship education program and to insure its future sustainability, institutional linkages between the universities and host organizations is the number one priority.
Virtual Environment Based on Integrating Active Learning Google Applications to Develop Using Moodle Skills
Authors: Daradkah Hamzah Mahmoud
Published: August 2018

The aim of this research is to identify the effect of designing a virtual environment based on the integration of active learning and Interactive Google applications in developing the skills of using the e-Learning Management System (e-LMS) Moodle among the students of the Faculty of Education at Mu’tah University in Jordan. The research sample consisted of (30) students randomly selected from the Faculty of Education at Mu’tah University in Jordan. The research tools included an achievement test to measure the cognitive aspects of the skills of using the (e-LMS) Moodle and a note card to measure the performance aspects of the skills of using the (e-LMS) Moodle. The study revealed a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group in the pre and post- test of the(e-LMS) Moodle for students of the Faculty of Education for post-test, as well as the existence of a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group in the pre- and post-test of the observation card related to the skills used or the (e-LMS) Moodle for students of the Faculty of Education for the benefit of post-test.The study had several recommendations, the most important of which is the need to work on the employment of Google Interactive Applications and e-learning strategy in the participatory virtual environments, and work on the development of the skills of using e-LMSs among the different groups of the administrators of the educational process.
A Qualitative Investigation of the Effects of Mentoring: Teacher Narratives from Tianjin, China
Authors: Alegado Paul John Edrada
Published: August 2018

The uniqueness of this research captures the dynamics of mentoring relationship between mentors and mentees and to what extent they have an impact on each other. Based on the qualitative analysis from teacher interviews done in Tianjin, China, the mentees greatly benefit from this relationship evident on the pedagogical knowledge, classroom management skills and psycho-behavioral aspects that they perceived and reported. On the other hand, mentors highlighted the effect on their leadership capacity and the sense of validation they get from this relationship. This paper concluded that although the benefits may not be weighed exactly the same on both ends, the effects are fundamentally significant and still ‘mutual’. The understanding of how teachers perceive and receive mentoring structures present in their school systems support and promote the literature on mentoring as professional development, induction, and an established practice that transcend vividly in a Chinese context.
The Early Career of Yamaguchi Katsuhiro: Vitrine Series in Historical Perspective
Authors: Omuka Toshiharu
Published: August 2018

This article seeks to enhance our understanding of Japanese postwar art by focusing on the early career of Yamaguchi Katsuhiro, one of the major members of the famous 1950s avant garde group Jikken Kōbō (Experimental Workshop). This article also sheds light on the unique spatial environment of the artist’s house. His father had a two-story modernist study space built as an extension that was designed by the modernist painter Tōgō Seiji in the 1930s. This ultramodern house extension was a major influence on the work of the young Yamaguchi Katsuhiro. Another influence on Katsuhiro were postwar American art journals, which were full of information about new trends in the West and available to young Japanese artists through the Center of Information and Education Section established by the Americans.
Dietary analysis of red foxes, gray foxes, and coyotes in eastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Dodd Raymond W. , Whidden Howard P.
Published: August 2018

We performed a dietary analysis on 65 red foxes, 10 gray foxes, and 18 coyotes collected by hunters and trappers in Northampton County, PA, in the fall and winter of 2010–11 and 2011–12. Stomach contents were sorted into categories and frequency of item occurrence and dry mass for each category were determined for each sample. We used the Levins index of dietary breadth, the Shannon index for dietary diversity, and the Pianka index of dietary overlap to compare the diets of these three species. Although our results were generally consistent with other dietary analyses, we found a higher percentage occurrence of mammals for all three species than in most previous studies. We also found less dietary overlap between the two foxes and coyotes than has been reported previously, and little support for the suggestion that dietary overlap between coyotes and red foxes is suppressing red fox populations in Pennsylvania.
Impact of Rainforest Conversion on Surface Runoff and Soil Erosion in Nopu Upper Catchment of Central Sulawesi
Authors: Hidayat Yayat , Sinukaban Naik , Pawitan Hidayat , Tarigan Suria Darma
Published: August 2018

Rainforest conversion into agricultural lands in Nopu Upper Catchment such as cocoa plantations, maizes, cassava, peanuts, and scrub and bush were significantly increase soil erosions and surface runoffs, which in turn will decrease crops productivity and hydrologic functions of watershed.  Soil erosion from maize and peanut rotation plots are higher 2.061,8% than soil erosions from natural forest plots.  Soil erosions are higher also in intercroping young age cocoa, maize and cassava plots and maize plots respectively 2.023,8% and 2.012,3%.   Where as surface runoffs were increase up to 650,9% in medium age cocoa plots, 380,4% in intercroping young age cacao and cassava plots, and 347,1% in scrub and bush plots.  The result of ANSWERS model simulation using daily C factors were indicate that rainforest conversion into agricultural lands in Nopu Upper Catchment causing soil and water loss respectively 3.190,5 ton/year and  115.441 m3/year.   Application of agroforestry systems in agricultural lands which in line with reforestation in stream line area of Nopu river and steepy agricultural lands (slope > 40%) are effectively reduce soil erosions up to 77,6% compare to soil erosion from existing land uses.
Penggunaan Metode Bioassay untuk Mendeteksi Pergerakan Herbisida Pascatumbuh Paraquat dan 2,4-D dalam Tanah
Authors: Sriyani Nanik , Salam Abdul Kadir
Published: August 2018

A simple and cheap method to detect herbicide residue in soil and water is urgently needed as the quantity and frequency of herbicide usage is steadily increasing in Indonesia which raises concern about the effects of herbicide residue in soil and water.  This study is the third step from a series of studies aim to develop bioassay technique to detect the present and quantity of herbicides in soil and water.  In this study, bioassay was used to detect movement of paraquat and 2,4-D herbicides in soil.  Study was carried out using soil column method.  Treatments were arranged factorially in a completely randomized block design with 3 replicates.  Two ultisol soil types: Podsolik Merah Kuning (PMK) and Latosol Coklat (LC) and 2 post emergence herbicides: paraquat and 2,4-D, were tested.  To calculate the amount of herbicide using bioassay, each standard curve for paraquat and 2,4-D were developed.  Using these standard curves, the amount of paraquat and 2,4-D was calculated based on the growth rate of caisim as indicator plant.  Results showed that bioassay method can be utilized to detect herbicide movement in soil.  The amount and the rate of herbicide movement were determined by soil and herbicide types.  In PMK, paraquat reached the depth of 20-30 cm at 2 weeks after application (WAA), however, after that the amount of paraquat found was very limited.  In LC, the movement of paraquat was more limited compared to its movement in PMK.  Paraquat reached soil depth of 10-20 cm at 2 WAA, afterward paraquat was only detected in soil depth of 0-10 cm.  Similar pattern was observed for 2,4-D which reached soil depth of 30-40 cm at 1 WAA in PMK.  In LC, 2,4-D movement was more limited.  At 2 WAA, 2,4-D in LC reached soil depth of 30-40 cm in limited amount and after 12 WAA the herbicide was detected only at soil depth of 0-10 cm.
Hubungan antara Kandungan Bahan Organik Tanah dengan Periode Pasca Tebang Tanaman HTI Acacia Mangium Willd.
Authors: Sabaruddin . , Aidil Fitri Siti Nurul , Lestari Lesi
Published: August 2018

Timber harvesting may have significant effects on soil organic matter content through mechanical disturbance, inputs of logging slash, alterations in litter production, and leaching of dissolved organic matter, as well as the alteration of temperature and moisture regimes. To investigate the effect of post-harvest period of tree harvesting on the dynamics of soil organic matter content, surface soils (0 to 10 cm and 10 to 20 cm) were collected from intact Acacia mangium Willd. plantation (control) and from A. mangiumWilld. harvested in 2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006 in four replicates. Each replicate consisted of composited 4 subsamples. Timber harvesting reduced litter accumulation on soil surface. However, the amount of litter accumulated on soil surface increased as post-harvest period increased. Timber harvesting significantly (p<0.001) affected soil organic matter content both in 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 20 cm. The increases in soil organic matter content were significantly correlated (r=0.85; p<0.001 in 0 to10 cm and r=0.62; p<0.01 in 10 to 20 cm) with post harvest period.
Effect of Poultry Manure and Vertisols Matter on Availability and Leaching of Macronutrients in Coastal Sandy Soil
Authors: Purwantono Anung Slamet Dwi , Indradewa Didik , Sudira Putu , Kertonegoro Bambang Djadmo
Published: August 2018

The poultry manure and vertisols matter have potency for reclaiming a soil. The research objectives was to study the effect of poultry manure (PM) and vertisols matter (VM) on availability and leaching of macro nutrient in coastal sandy soil treated by rainfall simulation. A laboratory experiment was conducted with lesymeters to measure nutrient leaching. The factorial 4 × 4 treatment applied was arranged by randomized completely block design with three replications. The first factor was level of PM consisted of 0, 20, 40, and 60 Mg ha-1. The second one wasthe level of VM consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15%. Variables observed were soil physical and chemical properties such as bulk density (BD), particle density (PD), porosity, pF 2.54, pF 4.2, available water capacity (AWC), permeability, cation exchange capacity (CEC), available macro nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) by Morgan Wolf extraction, and the rate of macro nutrient leaching measuared by Spectrophotometry and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Result of the research showed that application of PM and VM in the sandy soil decreased soil PD and BD, increased soil porosity and AWC, decreased soil permeability, and slightly increased soil CEC. Application of PM and VM increased soil available nutrient in the sandy soil. Up to 60 Mg ha-1 dose PM increased soil available nutrient, while 10 to 15% dose, VM did not increased it. The rank of nutrient leaching from high to low by rain simulation was N-NO3 -> SO4 = > K+ > Ca2+. Leaching of K and N-NH4+ could be reduced by soil amendment. Combination of PM 60 Mg ha-1 and VM 10% was the best soil amendment for increasing nutrient availability and decreasing nutrient leaching in the sandy soil.Keywords: available nutrient, coastal sandy soil, leaching, poultry manure, vertisols matter
Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon under Rhizosphere and Non- Rhizosphere of Maize after a Long-Term Nitrogen Fertilization and Tillage Systems
Authors: Dermiyati . , Firdaus Eva , Utomo Muhajir , Arif Mas Achmad Syamsul , Nugroho Sutopo Ghani
Published: August 2018

This research aimed to study the soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) under maize plant after a long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer and tillage systems (at the 37th growing season). The treatments were arranged in a factorial (3x3) in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications. The first factor was tillage systems, namely intensive tillage (IT) system, minimum tillage (MT) system, and no tillage (NT) system, and the second factor was the long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer, namely 0, 100, and 200 kg N ha-1. Data were analyzed using an orthogonal contrast test and a correlation test between SMBC and organic-C, total-N, and pH of the soil. The results showed that, in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of maize plant, MT system increased the SMBC compared to NT and IT systems. However, application of long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer did not increase the SMBC. Nevertheless, fertilizer application of 100 kg N ha-1 increased the SMBC compare to 200 kg N ha-1.Furthermore, the combination of MT system and 100 kg N ha-1 could increase the SMBC compared to the other combined treatment between tillage systems and N fertilization doses. The SMBC was higher in the rhizosphere than in non-rhizosphere of maize plant.Keywords: Non-rhizosphere, rhizosphere, soil microbial biomass carbon, tillage systems
Land Suitability for Developing Soybean Crops in Bumi Nabung and Rumbia Districts, Central Lampung
Authors: Sudaryono . , Prihastuti . , Wijanarko Andy
Published: August 2018

Bumi Nabung district consists of 6 villages with a total area of 7,810 ha which are divided into 251 ha of rain fed rice lands, 4,908 ha of dry land, 1,317 ha of lowland, 1,158 ha of yards and 176 ha of others. Rumbia district consists of 14 villages which has a total area of 22,696 ha of land consisting of 2,728 ha of yards, 17,358 ha of dry land, 326 rainfed paddy field, 839 ha of swamp land, 1,470 ha of lowland and 4,232 ha of others. Bumi Nabung and Rumbia districts have a low soil fertility potential that is reflected by the lowof soil pH, CEC, total N, available P, and high level of exchangeable Al and Al saturation. The results assessment based on the physical and chemical characteristics showed that Bumi Nabung district have 5 villages on suitable class S-2 (North Bumi Nabung, East Bumi Nabung, Bumi Nabung Ilir, South Bumi Nabung, and Sri Kencono) and one village New Bumi Nabung has less suitable class S-3. In the Rumbia District, there were 14 villages belonged to suitable class (S-2), namely Reno Basuki, Rekso Binangun, Teluk Dalam Ilir, Rukti Basuki, Restu Baru, Restu Buana, Bina Karya Buana, Bina Karya Putra, Bina Karya Jaya, Bina Karya Utama, Bina Karya Sakti, Joharan, Rantau Jaya Ilir and Rantau Jaya Baru. Bumi Nabung and Rumbia districts have the potential fertility and land suitability for extensification and development of soybean crops. The main technology components to support this program are the use of ameliorant (dolomite and zeolite), the application of organic fertilizers (manure and compost) and inorganic fertilizers (NPK).Keywords: Acid soil, central Lampung, land suitability, soil fertility, soybeans
Citrate Root Exudation under Zn and P Deficiency
Authors: Siane Bless Aplena Elen
Published: August 2018

Zinc and phosphorus are essential nutrients with low bioavailability in calcareous soils. Some plants exude organicacids to increase the solubility of these two nutrients. The objective of this study was to examine citrate exudation rates of different lupin (Feodora and Energy) and rapeseed (Dunkeld, Yickadee and Rainbow) cultivars under deficiencies of Zn and P. The plants were cultivated into three different nutrient solutions (complete, -Zn, and -P) with pH around 7. Under Zn deficiency, rapeseed cultivars lost about 80% of its shoot fresh weight, but the roots did not exude any organic acids such as citrate, malate or oxalate. Both lupin and rapeseed cultivars exuded citrate onlyunder phosphorus deficiency. The exudation rates of Feodora and Energy were 3.89 μmol g-1 RDW h-1 and 3.45 μmol g-1 RDW h-1, respectively, while that of Dunkeld was 15.1 μmol g-1 RDW h-1. The results indicated that lupin and rapeseed lost their production under Zn deficiency but they did not exude organic acid, while under P deficiency both plants exuded citrate.Keywords: Citrate; deficiency; exudation rate; lupin; phosphorus; rapeseed; Zn[How to Cite: Siane BAE. 2012. Citrate Root Exudation under Zn and P Deficiency. J Trop Soils, 17 (3) : 219-225. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.219][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.219]
Methods for Delineating Degraded Land at Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Tarigan Suria Darma
Published: August 2018

Accurate information on the extent and spatial location of degraded lands is very important to plan their rehabilitation. So far, various institutions issue different estimation on the extent of degraded land in Indonesia led to big confusion for rehabilitation planning.  Ministry of Forestry estimates around 30.2 million ha of degraded land both inside and outside forestry area throughout Indonesia based on data released in 2007. Ministry of Forestry implementes the so called scoring method in delineating degraded land. Criteria used in the scoring methods are: land cover, slope steepness, erosion, and management. Scoring method applies different weight to each of those criteria. This study aimed to analyze accuracy of scoring method and to compare it to propose alternative methods in delineating degraded land such as: a) Inconsistency of land use, and b) Combination of Inconsistency of land use and scoring method. The accuracy of these methods were obtained by comparing to the field observation. The slope map was derived from SRTM 30 m, soil map was obtained from Soil Research Institute and land cover/land use from Ministry for Environment.  Using GIS analysis, those maps were used to compose land capability classification (LCC) and inconsistency of land use. The study showed that scoring method had 66% accuracy in delineating degraded land. When scoring method was combined with Inconsistency method the accuracy increased about 7%.Keywords: Degraded land; inconsistency of land use; land capability class; scoring method[How to Cite: Tarigan SD. 2012. Methods for Delineating Degraded Land at Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia. J Trop Soils, 17 (3): 267-274. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.267][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.267]
UnMASking the diagnosis: Acute severe necrotizing pancreatitis in the setting of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by macrophage activation syndrome
Authors: Askin Cyrus Ashraf , Edelson Jerome Craig , Dooley Guy Smith , Stratton Amy Nicole
Published: August 2018

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common rheumatologic condition with known GI involvement. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a rare GI complication of SLE and is typically associated with increased disease activity. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is an unusual, hyper-inflammatory response to a rheumatologic stimulus characterized by hyperferritinemia, pancytopenia, thermal dysregulation and multi-organ dysfunction. MAS, more commonly seen in children, has been reported to complicate both adult onset SLE and AP. We present a case of necrotizing AP secondary to an SLE flare complicated by MAS in an adult patient successfully treated with anakinra.
Improvement of pulmonary dysfunction in patients with severe adult spinal deformity after corrective spinal fusion surgery
Authors: Mihara Yuki , Hasegawa Tomohiko , Yamato Yu , Yoshida Go , Kobayashi Sho , Yasuda Tatsuya , Banno Tomohiro , Arima Hideyuki , Oe Shin , Ushirozako Hiroki , Yamada Tomohiro , Togawa Daisuke , Matsuyama Yukihiro
Published: August 2018

In some cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, corrective surgery can improve pulmonary function. However, the effectiveness of corrective surgery in improving pulmonary function in adult spinal deformity (ASD) has not been reported. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the recovery of pulmonary function after corrective fusion surgery in 4 patients with severe ASD and associated pulmonary dysfunction. The first patient was a 42-year-old woman with spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia, whose main presenting complaint was dyspnea. As a result of her respiratory dysfunction, associated with her severe spinal deformity, she required Home Oxygen Therapy (HOT). Prior to surgery, her %vital capacity (VC) was 25%, with a kyphosis angle of 170°. The second patient was a 55-year-old woman with a history of acromegaly, who presented with low back pain. Prior to surgery, she had a %VC of 48% and a Cobb angle of 85°. The third patient was a 59-year-old woman with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, which had been previously treated, and who was now experiencing increasing low back pain. Prior to surgery, she had a %VC of 58% and a Cobb angle of 87°. The fourth patient was a 60-year-old man, with a history of tuberculous spine, who presented with low back pain. Prior to surgery, his %VC of 75% and Cobb angle of 100°. Pulmonary function improved after corrective fusion surgery in all cases. Halo traction with respiratory rehabilitation should be recommended before corrective spinal fusion surgery for patients with severe ASD and pulmonary dysfunction.
Online Students, Where are they and When do they do Homework? Case Study from an Online MS in GIScience Program
Authors: Wu Yi-Hwa , Hung Ming-Chih
Published: August 2018

Online courses provide the flexibility of time and location for both students and educators. From an administration viewpoint, online courses do not require physical classrooms, hence they require less university resources; as such, online courses are often seen as cash cows. Unfortunately, in some cases online courses are still considered second-tier because of delayed interactions between students and faculty members in an asynchronous class. In order for an administration to properly allocate university resources to online faculty, it is essential to know where online students are from. Similarly, online faculty must know when their students conduct course activities in order to provide timely and quality responses. This study examined 97 online students attending an MS in GIScience program over where they are from, and when they do their course activities. Our findings concluded that around 90% of online students were not from the traditional catchment area, and around 70% were from out of state. We also found that an average of 72% of course activities were conducted during weeknights (40%) and weekends (32%).
Inequalities of Jensen's type for generalized k-g-fractional integrals
Authors: Dragomir Silvestru Sever
Published: August 2018

In this paper we establish some inequalities of Jensen and Hermite-Hadamard type for the $k$-$g$-fractional integrals of convex functions defined an interval $\left[ a,b\right] $. Some examples for the\textit{\ generalized} \textit{left-} and \textit{right-sided Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals} of a function $f$ with respect to another function $g$ on $\left[ a,b\right] $ and for classical Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals are also given.
Consultations with the hares – problem of public
participation in the spatial planning process
at the Warsaw suburban zone
Authors: Solarek Katarzyna
Published: August 2018

The inclusion of various stakeholders in the cities transformation process is currently one of the most important and the most difficult aspects of
spatial planning. Planning practice, however, shows that there is much to be done to ensure that the participation is fair, just and useful for making
optimal spatial decisions. The article draws attention to the fact that the organization of public participation process in planning procedures requires
appropriate selection of participants and adequate methods. Inclusion of the local community in spatial planning, based only on the fulfillment of
their demands, expressed in the comments to the draft documents, does not lead to rational solutions in spatial planning. Expectations of different
parties to participation processes are often divergent. Particularly controversial is social participation in the planning of agricultural land conversion,
changing the status of farmland from agricultural to residential, in the suburban zones. It is difficult to select participants and land owners are not
interested in any proposals that would improve the spatial structure of the transformed areas (for example in the process of land consolidation and
division). These problems will be presented on the example of public consultations conducted by the author in the planning procedures for the communes
of Jabłonna and Wólka Mlądzka in Otwock, located in the agglomeration of Warsaw.