bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Status Epilepticus Management in the Emergency Department
Authors: Weant Kyle A. , Gregory Haili
Published: February 2023

Status epilepticus (SE) is a frequent medical emergency that requires expedited treatment to avoid the ensuing high incidence of morbidity and mortality associated with prolonged seizures. Protracted seizure duration itself has the potential to result in maladaptive neuronal responses that can not only further increase seizure duration and worsen clinical outcomes but also lead to reduced responsiveness to pharmacotherapy. Benzodiazepines are consistently recommended as first-line treatment due to their rapid onset and efficacy in terminating seizures, followed by the emergent administration of an antiepileptic drug (AED). Various benzodiazepine and AED options are recommended and can be utilized in this setting, all with their own unique advantages and challenges. With time at a premium, agents should be selected that can be rapidly administered and have an advantageous pharmacokinetic profile in order to limit seizure duration and optimize outcomes. The intent of this review is to provide an outline of the importance of time-to-treatment implementation in this setting, assess the landscape of options that may provide timing advantages, and examine potential strategies for deploying expeditious therapy.
An Unexpected Finding on Chest Radiograph
Authors: Clark Ashley
Published: February 2023

A pulmonary cavity is defined as a gas-filled space within a zone of pulmonary consolidation or within a mass or nodule. These cavities can be identified through imaging such as plain chest radiography and computed tomography. Pulmonary cavities arise from a variety of conditions that are infectious or noninfectious, leading to a broad range of differential diagnoses. One of the differential diagnoses is cavitary pneumonia, also referred to as necrotizing pneumonia; a rare complication related to community-acquired pneumonia. Infrequency of this complication can make this disease difficult to manage, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates. This article provides an overview of a case of cavitary pneumonia that presented to an emergency department. This article discusses the history and physical, differential diagnoses/medical decision-making, management, and implications for the nurse practitioner for this patient.
Factors Associated with Stroke after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Statewide Analysis
Authors: Nahab Fadi , Bayakly Rana , Sexton Mary Elizabeth , Lemuel-Clarke Manet , Henriquez Laura , Rangaraju Srikant , Ido Moges
Published: February 2023

Background

The objective of our study was to evaluate baseline characteristics, COVID-19 infection and vaccine type and their association with stroke early after COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods

In a retrospective cohort study, we estimated the 21-day post vaccination incidence of stroke among COVID-19 first dose vaccine recipients. We linked the Georgia Immunization Registry with the Georgia Coverdell Acute Stroke Registry and the Georgia State Electronic Notifiable Disease Surveillance System data to assess the relative risk of stroke by vaccine type.

Results

About 5 million adult Georgians received at least one COVID-19 vaccine from December 1, 2020 to February 28, 2022: 54% received BNT162b2, 41% mRNA-1273 and 5% Ad26.COV2.S. Those with concurrent COVID infection within 21 days post vaccine had an increased risk of ischemic (OR=8.00, 95% CI: 4.18, 15.31) and hemorrhagic stroke (OR=5.23, 95% CI: 1.11, 24.64) with no evidence for interaction between vaccine type and concurrent COVID-19 infection. The 21-day post vaccination incidence of ischemic stroke was 8.14, 11.14, and 10.48 per 100,000 for BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 and Ad26.COV2.S recipients, respectively. After adjusting for age, race, gender, and COVID-19 infection status there was a 57% higher risk (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.42) for ischemic stroke within 21 days of vaccination associated with the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine compared to BNT162b2.

Conclusions

Concurrent COVID-19 infection had the strongest association with early ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke after first dose COVID-19 vaccination. The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine was associated with a higher risk of early post-vaccination ischemic stroke than BNT162b2.
Indigenous Reduction of Multi-drug Resistant Bacterial Pathogens in a Natural Uncontrolled Fermented Milk Ecosystem
Authors: Akram Almira , Khan Muhammad Nadeem , Ahmad Waqas , Khan Shabir Ahmad , Imran Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Raw milk and its products have been questioned for microbiological safety. However, Dahi: an artisanally fermented milk product that is yet microbiologically unexplored is popularly known for therapeutic uses in public. Aiming safety and therapeutic assessment of dahi, samples of raw milk and dahi were analysed for microbiology and bacterial pathogens. The pathogens were also evaluated for antibiotic resistance. Further dahi samples were assessed for antipathogen effect. The total bacterial count of raw milk was between 3.80 × 1002to 2.97 × 1007and total fungal count was 2.50 × 1001to 4.90 × 1002whereas total bacterial and fungal count of Dahi was 3.00 × 1001to 4.05 × 1009and 2.00 × 1001to 5.30 × 1007. Bacterial population of the Dahi was found dominated by lactic acid bacteria. In milk samples,E. coliwas detected as 38%,S. aureus28%,L. monocytogenes3%,Salmonella42% andPseudomonas spp31%. In Dahi samples, their percentages were 7%, 10%, 7%, 8% and 2% respectively. The detected pathogens were found resistant against different antibiotics especially to third and fourth generations of cephalosporin and other beta-lactam drugs. When assessed invitro, the low incidence of pathogens in the Dahi samples were associated to its inhibitory effect against pathogens. Dahi samples also inhibited the growth of antibiotic resistance ATCC strains. The inhibitory activity of the Dahi is due to the changes occurs during fermentation but not corelated to the pH of the Dahi.
Two-way Dispatched function in Sonic hedgehog shedding and transfer to high-density lipoproteins
Authors: Ehring K. , Ehlers S.F. , Froese J. , Gude F. , Puschmann J. , Grobe K.
Published: February 2023

The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway controls embryonic development and tissue homeostasis after birth. This requires regulated solubilization of dual-lipidated, firmly plasma membrane-associated Shh precursors from producing cells. Although it is firmly established that the resistance-nodulation-division transporter Dispatched (Disp) drives this process, it is less clear how lipidated Shh solubilization from the plasma membrane is achieved. We have previously shown that Disp promotes proteolytic solubilization of Shh from its lipidated terminal peptide anchors. This process, termed shedding, converts tightly membrane-associated hydrophobic Shh precursors into delipidated soluble proteins. We show here that Disp-mediated Shh shedding is modulated by a serum factor that we identify as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In addition to serving as a soluble sink for free membrane cholesterol, HDLs also accept the cholesterol-modified Shh peptide from Disp. The cholesteroylated Shh peptide is necessary and sufficient for Disp-mediated transfer because artificially cholesteroylated mCherry associates with HDL in a Disp-dependent manner, whereas an N-palmitoylated Shh variant lacking C- cholesterol does not. Disp-mediated Shh transfer to HDL is completed by proteolytic processing of the palmitoylated N-terminal membrane anchor. In contrast to dual processed soluble Shh with moderate bioactivity, HDL-associated N-processed Shh is highly bioactive. We propose that the purpose of generating different soluble forms of Shh from the dual lipidated precursor is to tune cellular responses in a tissue-type and time-specific manner.
Mecp2knock-out astrocytes affect synaptogenesis by IL-6 dependent mechanisms
Authors: Albizzati E. , Florio E. , Breccia M. , Cabasino C. , Pozzi D. , Boda E. , Battaglia C. , De Palma C. , De Quattro C. , Landsberger N. , Frasca A.
Published: February 2023

Synaptic abnormalities represent a hallmark for several neurological diseases and clarification of the underlying mechanisms constitutes a crucial step towards the development of therapeutic strategies. Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, mainly affecting females, caused by heterozygous mutations in the X-linked Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 (MECP2) gene, leading to a deep derangement of synaptic connectivity. Although initial studies have supported the exclusive involvement of neurons, recent data have highlighted the pivotal contribution of astrocytes in RTT pathogenesis through non-cell autonomous mechanisms. Since astrocytes regulate synaptogenesis by releasing multiple molecules, we investigated the influence of soluble factors secreted byMecp2KO astrocytes on synaptic density. We found thatMecp2deficiency in astrocytes negatively affects their ability to support synapse formation by releasing synaptotoxic molecules, among which we identified interleukin-6 (IL-6). Notably, aberrant IL-6 expression exclusively emerges from a dysfunctional astrocyte-neuron crosstalk, and blocking IL-6 activity prevents synaptic alterations.
Eye movements decrease during effortful speech listening
Authors: Cui M. Eric , Herrmann Björn
Published: February 2023

Pupillometry is the most used objective tool to assess listening effort but has several disadvantages. The current study explores a new, objective way to assess listening effort through eye movements. Building on cognitive and neurophysiological work, we examine the hypothesis that eye movements decrease when speech listening becomes challenging. In three experiments with human participants from both sexes, we demonstrate, consistent with this hypothesis, that fixation duration increases and spatial gaze dispersion decreases with increasing speech masking. Eye movements decreased during effortful speech listening for different visual scenes (free viewing; object tracking) and speech materials (simple sentences; naturalistic stories). In contrast, pupillometry was insensitive to speech masking during story listening, highlighting the challenges with pupillometric measures for the assessments of listening effort in naturalistic speech-listening paradigms. Our results reveal a critical link between eye movements and cognitive load, and provide the foundation for a novel measure of listening effort applicable in a wide range of contexts.

Significance statement

Assessment of listening effort is critical for early diagnosis of age-related hearing loss. Pupillometry is most used but has several disadvantages. The current study explores a new, objective way to assess listening effort through eye movements. We examine the hypothesis that eye movements decrease when speech listening becomes effortful. We demonstrate, consistent with this hypothesis, that fixation duration increases and gaze dispersion decreases with increasing speech masking. Eye movements decreased during effortful speech listening for different visual scenes (free viewing; object tracking) and speech materials (sentences; naturalistic stories). Our results reveal a critical link between eye movements and cognitive load, and provide the foundation for a novel measure of listening effort applicable in a wide range of contexts.
Differences in density: taxonomic but not functional diversity in seaweed microbiomes affected by an earthquake
Authors: Pearman William S. , Morales Sergio E. , Vaux Felix , Gemmell Neil J. , Fraser Ceridwen I.
Published: February 2023

Host-associated microbial communities can make important contributions to host health, and are shaped by a range of different factors ranging from host condition, environmental conditions, and other microbes. Disentangling the roles of these factors can be particularly difficult as many variables are correlated. Here, we leveraged earthquake-induced changes in host density to identify the influence of host density on microbiome composition. A large (7.8 magnitude) earthquake in New Zealand in 2016 led to widespread coastal uplift of up to ~6m, sufficient to locally extirpate some intertidal kelp populations. These uplifted populations are slowly recovering, but intertidal kelps remain at much lower densities than at nearby, less uplifted sites. By comparing the microbiome of the low and high density sites using 16S amplicon sequencing, we observed that low density populations had higher beta-diversity than high density populations with regards to taxonomic variability, while no beta-diversity differences were observed between functional categories. Using phylogenetic and taxonomic turnover approaches, we determined that dispersal limitation shapes low density populations to a greater extent, while homogeneous selection shapes high density populations to a greater extent. Our findings shed light on microbiome assembly processes, particularly highlighting that large-scale disturbances that affect host density can dramatically influence microbiome structure.
Individual recombinant repeats of MUC16 display variable binding to CA125 antibodies
Authors: Wang Chien-Wei , Hanson Eliza K. , Minkoff Lisa , Whelan Rebecca J.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Despite its importance in the clinical management of ovarian cancer, the CA125 biomarker—located on the mucin protein MUC16—is still not completely understood. Questions remain about MUC16’s function and structure, specifically the identity and location of the CA125 epitopes.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to characterize the interaction of individual recombinant repeats from the tandem repeat domain of MUC16 with antibodies used in the clinical CA125 II test.

METHODS

UsingE. coliexpression, we isolated nine repeats from the putative antigenic domain of CA125. Amino acid composition of recombinant repeats was confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. We characterized the binding of four antibodies—OC125, M11, “OC125-like,” and “M11-like”—to nine recombinant repeats using Western blotting, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy.

RESULTS

Each recombinant repeat was recognized by a different combination of CA125 antibodies. OC125 and “OC125-like” antibodies did not bind the same set of recombinant repeats, nor did M11 and “M11-like” antibodies.

CONCLUSIONS

Characterization of the interactions between MUC16 recombinant repeats and CA125 antibodies will contribute to ongoing efforts to identify the CA125 epitopes and improve our understanding of this important biomarker.
Sulfate limitation increases specific plasmid DNA yield and productivity inE. colifed-batch processes
Authors: Gotsmy Mathias , Strobl Florian , Weiß Florian , Gruber Petra , Kraus Barbara , Mairhofer Juergen , Zanghellini Jürgen
Published: February 2023

Plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a key biotechnological product whose importance became apparent in the last years due to its role as a raw material in the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine manufacturing process. In pharmaceutical production processes, cells need to grow in the defined medium in order to guarantee the highest standards of quality and repeatability. However, often these requirements result in low product titer, productivity, and yield.

In this study, we used constraint-based metabolic modeling to optimize the average volumetric productivity of pDNA production in a fed-batch process. We identified a set of 13 nutrients in the growth medium that are essential for cell growth but not for pDNA replication. When these nutrients are depleted in the medium, cell growth is stalled and pDNA production is increased, raising the specific and volumetric yield and productivity. To exploit this effect we designed a three-stage process (1. batch, 2. fed-batch with cell growth, 3. fed-batch without cell growth). The transition between stage 2 and 3 is induced by sulfate starvation. Its onset can be easily controlled via the initial concentration of sulfate in the medium.

We validated the decoupling behavior of sulfate and assessed pDNA quality attributes (supercoiled pDNA content) inE. coliwith lab-scale bioreactor cultivations. The results showed an increase in supercoiled pDNA to biomass yield by 33 % and an increase of supercoiled pDNA volumetric productivity by 13 % upon limitation of sulfate.

In conclusion, even for routinely manufactured biotechnological products such as pDNA, simple changes in the growth medium can significantly improve the yield and quality.

Highlights

Genome-scale metabolic models predict growth decoupling strategies.

Sulfate limitation decouples cell growth from pDNA production.

Sulfate limitation increases the specific supercoiled pDNA yield by 33 % and the volumetric productivity by 13 %.

We propose that sulfate limitation improves the biosynthesis of over 25 % of naturally secreted products inE. coli.

Abstract Figure
Syntheses and crystal structures of four 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium salts with hydrogen succinate, 4-aminobenzoate, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoate anions
Authors: Vinaya  , Basavaraju Yeriyur B. , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Parkin Sean
Published: February 2023

The syntheses and crystal structures are presented for four organic salts of the 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium cation, namely, 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium hydrogen succinate, C10H14N3O2
+·C4H5O4
− (I), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium 4-aminobenzoate monohydrate, C10H14N3O2
+·C7H6NO2
−·H2O (II), 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetate, C10H14N3O2
+·C8H6ClO2
− (III) and 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazinium 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoate, C10H14N3O2
+·C7F5O2
− (IV). The salts form from mixtures of N-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine and the corresponding acid [succinic acid (I), 4-aminobenzoic acid (II), 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (III) and 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoic acid (IV)] in mixed solvents of methanol and ethyl acetate. Salts I, III, and IV are anhydrous, whereas II is a monohydrate. In each structure, the overall conformation of the cation is determined by the disposition of the exocyclic N—C bond of the piperazine ring (either axial or equatorial) and twists about the N—C bond between the piperazine ring and its attached 4-nitrophenyl ring. The packing motifs in each structure are quite different, though all are dominated by strong N—H...O hydrogen bonds, which are augmented in I and II by O—H...O hydrogen bonds, and in III by a π–π stacking interaction between inversion-related 4-nitrophenyl groups.
rac-Ethyl rel-(2R,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylate
Authors: Abdul Rashid Fatin Nur Ain , Bacho Muhamad Zulfaqar , Hamali Muhamad Azwan , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Mohammat Mohd Fazli , Shamsujunaidi Ruwaida , Abdul Manan Mohd Abdul Fatah
Published: February 2023

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C9H15NO4, consists of a functionalized pyrrolidine ring having an envelope conformation, synthesized as an ethyl ester. The molecule has three chiral centres and crystallized as a racemic mixture. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairwise O—H...O bonds, generating dimers with twofold rotational symmetry.
Study on dissipative structure of mega railway infrastructure project management system
Authors: Liu Kai , Liu Yuming , Kou Yuanyuan , Yang Xiaoxu
Published: February 2023

Purpose

The mega railway infrastructure projects are faced with complex environments and multi-level management challenges. Thus, the mega railway infrastructure project management system not only needs to focus on its composition, but also needs to consider changes and impacts of internal and external environment.

Design/methodology/approach

This study attempts to introduce the concept of dissipative structure from the perspective of complexity theory and constructs a positive entropy and negentropy flow index system for mega railway infrastructure project management system in order to analyze the factors of management system more deeply. The Brusselator model is used to construct the structure of the mega railway infrastructure project management system, and the entropy method is used to calculate the positive entropy and negentropy values to verify whether the management system is a dissipative structure.

Findings

A plateau railway project in China was used as an example for an empirical study, not only its own characteristics are analyzed, but also the role of constraints and facilitation of the internal and external environment. Based on the research results, several effective suggestions are put forward to improve the stability and work efficiency of mega railway infrastructure project management system.

Originality/value

This study demonstrates that mega railway infrastructure project management system has the characteristics of dissipative structure. It can provide theoretical support for the development of mega railway infrastructure project management system from disorderly state to orderly state.
Towards better interaction between salespeople and consumers: the role of virtual recommendation agent
Authors: Ben Saad Sihem , Choura Fatma
Published: February 2023

Purpose

In the context of a profound digital transformation, the need for social interactivity is becoming fundamental for consumers on e-commerce sites. It allows them to interact with the company in the same way as with salespeople in physical stores. Among the different existing virtual agents used by companies to offer online solid interaction, this study focuses on virtual recommendation agents (VRAs). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of VRA on consumers’ psychological states and online impulse buying.

Design/methodology/approach

An experimental website was designed for this study. After interacting with VRA, respondents had to take part in a survey. The questionnaire included measures of perception of the VRA, perceived enjoyment, online impulse buying and perceived risk. Structural equation modelling was used to test the research model.

Findings

The results confirm the positive influence of the VRA on perceived enjoyment, which is positively associated with online impulse buying. The effect of the VRA’s presence on perceived enjoyment is moderated by gender.

Research limitations/implications

Only one product category was studied, for which the advice of VRAs is undoubtedly essential. However, this could also be valid for other products, such as technological products, where the consumer’s level of expertise may be low. Hence, the authors propose to extend this study to various products for a better generalization of the results.

Practical implications

This study provides practitioners with relevant findings on the efficiency of VRAs and offers them guidelines to design more interactive commercial websites with higher levels of social interactions. Such interactions should reduce perceived risks and make visitors more confident. This can encourage more traffic and sales, which implies growth in incomes and revenues.

Social implications

Through this technology, VRAs can create more humanized links between consumers and companies.

Originality/value

Working on VRAs is original as they represent the technology that can replace salespeople. In addition, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to test the impact of VRA on online impulse buying. By examining the VRA’s set of fundamental capabilities, this study contributes to existing research on how companies should integrate digital technologies in their sales interactions with consumers, which to date has focused on other sales channels such as social media platforms.
Facility management perspective in urban transformation projects: the opportunities and challenges in Turkey
Authors: Keskin Esra , Yang Eunhwa , Tanrıvermiş Harun , Erdogmus Ece
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study aims to gain a qualitative understanding of the residents’ perspective on the complexities of built environment management in Turkey. In addition, facility management (FM) is a newly emerging field in Turkey and therefore the paper contributes to the existing knowledge base on the global status of the field.

Design/methodology/approach

In-person surveys with the residents in the North Ankara and Dikmen Valley urban transformation projects were evaluated. The data have been collected from 660 residents through surveys using the random sampling method. Chi-square tests were used to examine the frequency and percentage distributions of the data, as well as the relationship between categorical variables. If the expected values in the chi-square analysis were low/insufficient, the Monte Carlo simulation method was used. A value of 0.05 was used as the level of significance, and it was stated that there was a significant relationship/dependency in the case of p < 0.05, and that there was no significant relationship/dependency in the case of p > 0.05.

Findings

The research identified that there was a prevailing opinion that professional FM services would likely increase the overall cost of maintenance, but satisfaction was lower in areas where management was carried out by a resident management group. It has been observed that there is a significant dependency between the regions with the answers given to the statements “Management by professional management companies causes an increase in costs” and “Management by the homeowners is more advantageous than working with professional management companies.”

Originality/value

The concept of “gecekondu” is unique to Turkey and the operation, maintenance and quality expectations of gecekondu owners and those of the more affluent residents can be significantly different. This fascinating process of illegal housing-to-urban transformation and the current need for many more urban transformation projects in the country distinguished the Turkish urban transformation approach from other countries. In addition, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no other study in Turkey regarding the FM of urban transformation areas with data of this size.
Indian languages, print journals and the UGC-CARE project
Authors: Nagarkar Shubhada , Thakur Archana , Mane Monali , Nagare Prajakta
Published: February 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine Indian language journals published in Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (AHSS) included in the UGC-CARE list, which is an initiative of the University Grants Commission (UGC) of India. This study argues that although these journals do not appear in international databases, they are valuable because they frequently publish and have published for years, opinions, memoirs and critical review articles, especially the local culture.

Design/methodology/approach

This study examines 298 journals categorised into two groups: monolingual (189) and multilingual (109). The first group included 189 journals published in 15 Indian languages. Monolingual journals were examined using five criteria: year of publication, subject area, frequency, language and geographical zone of the publisher. Multilingual journals analysed as per languages covered.

Findings

The analysis reveals that the UGC-CARE List includes journals published between 1899 and 2019. The most common languages are Hindi (67), Urdu (31), Sanskrit (9) and Marathi (26). The frequency of majority (114) of journals is quarterly. Associations, universities, individual publishers and learned societies as publishers are dominant. Analysis of multilingual journals indicated that the highest number of journals (34) are published in English and Hindi.

Practical implications

Journals that fulfil the stringer criteria of three UGC-CARE journal analysis protocols find a place in the CARE List. The list is dynamic and is updated quarterly to maintain its currency and therefore its credibility. The list is available at http://ugccare.unipune.ac.in and is the list preferred by Indian Higher Education Institutes.

Originality/value

UGC-CARE List includes journals published by Indian publishers especially in the fields of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences. It is the first initiative to battle against the predatory journals and effort to bring the Indian legacy of journals on the world map of journals and periodicals.
Is terrorism a spoilsport for the sustainability of economic development?: evidence from the economic community of West African states
Authors: Adeve Komlan Ametowoyo
Published: February 2023

Purpose

The objective of this paper is to determine the impact of terrorism on the sustainability of the development of West African countries, highlighting the role and interactions of income inequality and the level of education in this relationship for the period 2000–2019.

Design/methodology/approach

The appropriate tests indicated that the dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) model is the most suited to analyze the terrorism phenomenon in the study area.

Findings

The results confirm the critical challenge to sustain economic development in a context marked by a high risk of terrorist attacks. Fortunately, the negative effect of terrorism on economic development is not a fatality. Ways do exist to limit the magnitude of the phenomenon impacts since the results also revealed that countries with higher percentages of educated people experience a lower magnitude of terrorism impact. Similarly, reducing inequalities is another way of controlling the magnitude of terrorism's impact on development sustainability.

Originality/value

This paper aims to contribute to the economic literature on the economic effects of terrorism in two main ways. First, to the author's knowledge, this is the first attempt to establish terrorism implications in terms of development sustainability in the ECOWAS region. The second contribution is that the author tries to find an empirical validation of the hypothesis according to which an increase in the level of education and improvement in income distribution could reduce the impact of terrorism on development sustainability.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-08-2022-0565.
Inter-functional value co-creation as an antecedent of supply chain performance: a study based on the coordination theory
Authors: Mukhtar Umer , Grönroos Christian , Hilletofth Per , Pimenta Marcio Lopes , Ferreira Ana Cristina
Published: February 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, this study proposes to investigate the impact of inter-functional value co-creation (VCC) in a manufacturing firm’s value chain on supply chain performance, considering the moderating role of external integration. Second, this study proposes to validate a modified version of the VCC considering the inter-functional interaction context.

Design/methodology/approach

Quantitative data were collected using survey approach from 129 managers from 51 departments of 22 manufacturing firms performing roles in several areas, such as procurement, logistics, sales, marketing and production. This study uses a PLS-SEM to analyze the model measurement, through confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings

The empirical data supported the proposition of this study that the VCC degree (i.e. value co-production/value in use) between functions of the firm has significant positive effects on the performance of the supply chain, in customer service and flexibility.

Practical implications

This study could be exceedingly useful for practitioners suggesting them to improve inter-functional integration by adopting VCC practices grounded on “value co-production” and “value in use.” Such practices may help to maximize supply chain performance.

Originality/value

The coordination theory was useful to deepen the analysis of its quadrant named “participatory design,” considering the relationship between VCC and inter-functional integration. This paper extended the knowledge about the relationship between the participatory design quadrant and the quadrant referring to organizational structures and processes.
Maladaptive personality domains and crime related characteristics among convicts incarcerated in central jails of Pakistan
Authors: Ishfaq Nimrah , Kamal Anila
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study aims to differentiate maladaptive personality domains through crime-related characteristics among convicts incarcerated in central jails of Punjab (CJP). In total, 552 respondents were taken from nine CJP.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 Short Form (PID-5 SF) (Mapleset al., 2015), and forced-choice questions were designed to measure crime-related characteristics.

Findings

Confirmatory factor analysis showed that PID-5 SF exhibited a good to excellent construct validity based on the DSM-5 criteria of using three facets to measure a domain (APA, 2013). Multivariate analysis showed that convicts who have committed different crime types and have criminal records exhibit different personality domains.

Originality/value

In addition to the literature, the data from all CJP, Pakistan, was collected and tested so that need for personality-oriented intervention could be identified for the prison setting. This also highlights that the usefulness of PID-5 SF is not only in identifying maladaptive personality among incarcerated convicts but also in differentiating between different crime-related characteristics.
How perceived interactivity affects consumers' shopping intentions in live stream commerce: roles of immersion, user gratification and product involvement
Authors: Joo Eunsin , Yang Jing
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study explores how perceived interactivity effects in Livecommerce influences consumers' shopping intentions in live stream commerce. The authors specifically examine the mediating roles of immersion and hedonic/utilitarian gratification, as well as the moderating role of product involvement in identifying the boundary conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

A scenario-based online survey was conducted among American consumers via Prolific.co, an online crowdsourcing platform. The final sample included 187 respondents (male, 63.1 per cent; Caucasian, 61.5 per cent).

Findings

The results indicate that perceived interactivity significantly influenced consumers' shopping intentions. Consumers' sense of immersion and hedonic/utilitarian gratification were identified as serial mediators between perceived interactivity and consumers' shopping intentions. It was also found that individuals' product involvement moderated the serial effects of perceived interactivity on consumers' shopping intentions in live stream commerce.

Originality/value

This study provides empirical evidence that perceived interactivity plays an important role in creating an effectively immersive media experience in live stream commerce, which further contributes to higher shopping intentions via perceived utilitarian and hedonic gratifications. It was also found that varying levels of product involvement can have differing effects. Managerial implications are provided.
Consumer bias against evaluations received by artificial intelligence: the mediation effect of lack of transparency anxiety
Authors: Lopez Alberto , Garza Ricardo
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Will consumers accept artificial intelligence (AI) products that evaluate them? New consumer products offer AI evaluations. However, previous research has never investigated how consumers feel about being evaluated by AI instead of by a human. Furthermore, why do consumers experience being evaluated by an AI algorithm or by a human differently? This research aims to offer answers to these questions.

Design/methodology/approach

Three laboratory experiments were conducted. Experiments 1 and 2 test the main effect of evaluator (AI and human) and evaluations received (positive, neutral and negative) on fairness perception of the evaluation. Experiment 3 replicates previous findings and tests the mediation effect.

Findings

Building on previous research on consumer biases and lack of transparency anxiety, the authors present converging evidence that consumers who got positive evaluations reported nonsignificant difference on the level of fairness perception on the evaluation regardless of the evaluator (human or AI). Contrarily, consumers who got negative evaluations reported lower fairness perception when the evaluation was given by AI. Further moderated mediation analysis showed that consumers who get a negative evaluation by AI experience higher levels of lack of transparency anxiety, which in turn is an underlying mechanism driving this effect.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, no previous research has investigated how consumers feel about being evaluated by AI instead of by a human. This consumer bias against AI evaluations is a phenomenon previously overlooked in the marketing literature, with many implications for the development and adoption of new AI products, as well as theoretical contributions to the nascent literature on consumer experience and AI.
Airline communication message strategies during crisis
Authors: Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Kim Jungkeun , Choi Youngjoon
Published: February 2023

Purpose

This study aims to assess how airline companies can frame their message strategies given the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach

Message forms used in empirical tests included message framings, regulatory focuses and benefit types. A total of 450 participants were recruited through an online survey.

Findings

Promotion-focused behavioral intention was more effective when personal economic benefit was negatively framed. However, prevention-focused behavioral intention was more effective where social benefit was positively framed. The results were moderated by personal traits such as the level of perceived COVID-19 threat.

Originality/value

The findings of this study can help create new communication strategies during risky or critical situations.
Macro‐nutritional balancing in a circumpolar boreal ruminant under winter conditions
Authors: Spitzer Robert , Coissac Eric , Cromsigt Joris P. G. M. , Felton Annika M. , Fohringer Christian , Landman Marietjie , Neumann Wiebke , Raubenheimer David , Singh Navinder J. , Taberlet Pierre , Widemo Fredrik
Published: February 2023

Differences in botanical diet compositions among a large number of moose faecal samples collected during winter correlated with the nutritional differences identified in the same samples (Mantel‐r = 0.89, p = 0.001), but the nutritional differences were significantly smaller (p < 0.001).

Nutritional geometry revealed that moose mixed Scots pine Pinus sylvestris and Vaccinium spp. as nutritionally complementary foods to reach a nutritional target resembling Salix spp. twigs, and selected for Salix spp. browse (Jacob's D > 0).

Available protein (AP) and total non‐structural carbohydrates (TNC) were significantly correlated in observed diets but not in hypothetical diets based on food availability.

The level of Acetoacetate in moose serum (i.e. ‘starvation’) was weakly negatively associated with digestibility of diets (p = 0.08) and unrelated to increasing AP:TNC and AP:NDF ratios in diets (p > 0.1).

Our study is the first to demonstrate complementary feeding in free‐ranging moose to attain a nutritional target that has previously been suggested in a feeding trial with captive moose. Our results add support to the hypothesis of nutritional balancing as a driver in the nutritional strategy of moose with implications for both the management of moose and food resources.

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Estimating interaction strengths for diverse horizontal systems using performance data
Authors: Bimler Malyon D. , Mayfield Margaret M. , Martyn Trace E. , Stouffer Daniel B.
Published: February 2023

Network theory allows us to understand complex systems by evaluating how their constituent elements interact with one another. Such networks are built from matrices which describe the effect of each element on all others. Quantifying the strength of these interactions from empirical data can be difficult, however, because the number of potential interactions increases nonlinearly as more elements are included in the system, and not all interactions may be empirically observable when some elements are rare.

We present a novel modelling framework which uses measures of species performance in the presence of varying densities of their potential interaction partners to estimate the strength of pairwise interactions in diverse horizontal systems.

Our method allows us to directly estimate pairwise effects when they are statistically identifiable and to approximate pairwise effects when they would otherwise be statistically unidentifiable. The resulting interaction matrices can include positive and negative effects, the effect of a species on itself, and allows for non‐symmetrical interactions.

We show how to link the parameters inferred by our framework to a population dynamics model to make inferences about the effect of interactions on community dynamics and diversity.

The advantages of these features are illustrated with a case study on an annual wildflower community of 22 focal and 52 neighbouring species, and a discussion of potential applications of this framework extending well beyond plant community ecology.
Audit Effort and Stock Price Crash Risk
Authors: Han Xiaomei , Luo Wei , Wu Liansheng , Zhou Wei
Published: February 2023

We examine how stock price crash risk is affected by audit effort, as measured by audit hours. Using a unique dataset of audit hours in China, we find that audit effort is negatively related to crash risk. The negative impact of audit effort on crash risk is more pronounced for listed firms that have higher inherent risks and weaker external monitoring of their information environment. Our findings are robust to various tests, including a two‐stage regression analysis, controlling for listed firm‐fixed effects and audit firm‐fixed effects, and using alternative measures of crash risk. In addition to audit output measures, audit effort has an incremental influence on crash risk. The effects of audit effort on crash risk continue to hold after controlling for auditor industry expertise and auditor tenure.
Comparative effectiveness of various noninvasive local treatments in patients with epistaxis: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Chiang Cheng‐Ying , Lin Jen‐Shyang , Tsai Tou‐Yuan , Tu Yu‐Kang , Tsai Ming‐Jen
Published: February 2023

Background

The best initial strategy for managing epistaxis is unclear. We performed a systematic review and network meta‐analysis (NMA) to compare the effectiveness of various noninvasive treatments for patients with epistaxis.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September 2022 without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing immediate hemostasis, 2‐day and 7‐day rebleeding outcomes, as well as the use of noninvasive interventions for the treatment of epistaxis were selected. Frequentist NMA was performed.

Results

The systematic review included 20 RCTs (2994 participants) involving 12 different interventions. The NMA demonstrated that topical treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) significantly reduced the odds of 2‐day rebleeding compared with the control conservative treatment (odds ratio [OR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21–0.61) and traditional anterior nasal packing (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.26–0.76). The sensitivity analysis yielded robust results, and the overall evidence was high. Topical TXA significantly reduced the odds of 7‐day rebleeding compared with traditional nasal packing (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.15–0.70), with moderate evidence owing to the heterogeneous results. Despite the significant effects of topical TXA on achieving immediate hemostasis and Rapid Rhino nasal packing on preventing 2‐day rebleeding compared to the control and traditional nasal packing, the evidence is low to very low due to heterogeneity, inconsistency, and within‐study bias.

Conclusions

In the treatment of epistaxis, topical TXA may be superior to conservative treatment or traditional nasal packing, particularly in preventing 2‐day rebleeding.
Real‐world data on efficacy and safety of osimertinib in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR T790M mutation detected by first and repeat rebiopsy
Authors: Wang Yuenan , Zhang Huanhuan , Zou Yuxia , Ren Xueru , Wang Hanqi , Bai Rubing , Xu Ke , Xu Yehong , Zhang Zhihong
Published: February 2023

Background

Osimertinib could effectively target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M resistance mutations in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), indicating that rebiopsy may be particularly important. However, the clinical benefit of repeat rebiopsy in T790M‐negative patients with NSCLC detected by the first rebiopsy is still unclear, and data on the efficacy and safety of osimertinib in patients with NSCLC who are T790M‐positive patients on a repeat rebiopsy remain rare.

Methods

We retrospectively collected the clinical data of advanced NSCLC patients with common EGFR mutation who were treated with 1/2‐generation (1/2G) EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in first‐line therapy in our center from January 2018 to December 2020. The detection rate of T790M by first and repeat rebiopsy was recorded, and we also analyzed the efficacy and safety of osimertinib for T790M‐positive patients.

Results

Among 190 common EGFR‐mutant patients who received 1/2G EGFR–TKIs with advanced NSCLC in the first‐line treatment, 141 patients developed progressive disease. In total, 110 of 141 accepted the first rebiopsy, with a T790M prevalence of 50.9% (56/110). In total, 43 T790M‐positive patients who received osimertinib were included in first rebiopsy group. Of 54 T790M‐negative patients detected by the first rebiopsy, 28 underwent repeated rebiopsy in subsequent clinical treatment, and 10 (35.7%) T790M‐positive cases were confirmed. In total, eight T790M‐positive patients treated with osimertinib were included in repeat rebiopsy group. Overall, 66 (60%) of 110 patients acquired a T790M mutation. In patients with the T790M mutation discovered by the first and repeat rebiopsy, osimertinib resulted in median progression‐free survival of 7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.3–8.7) and 6 (95% CI: 4.7–7.3) months, respectively (p = .656). The median overall survival since osimertinib initiation for T790M‐positive patients at first rebiopsy was 20 (95% CI: 15.1–24.9) months and 19 (95% CI: 16.9–21.1) months, for those at repeated rebiopsy (p = .888). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher were similar in the two groups (25.6% vs. 12.5%, p = .616). There was no treatment‐related death in the two groups.

Conclusions

Repeat rebiopsy can increase the T790M mutation positivity rate. Osimertinib showed similar efficacy and safety in T790M‐positive patients whether detected by the first or repeat rebiopsy.
Melanistic North African hedgehog Atelerix algirus (Lereboullet, 1842): First report case in Erinaceidae
Authors: El‐Farhati Haithem , Hizem Mohamed Wassim , Nouira Saïd
Published: February 2023

Although they are animals known all over the world, there is still a lot to discover about hedgehogs. Records of atypical colourations in these animals are rare or even absent. Melanism is a genetic peculiarity that causes an overproduction of melanin and makes the body colour partially or completely black. We present the first‐ever record case of a melanism for an Erinaceidae species, Atelerix algirus, from Tunisia (33°12′26.5″N 10°26′32.4″E). We discuss its potential evolutionary advantage and give some explanation of its rarity.