bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A máscara e o monstro
Authors: Ferreira Laiane Marchon
Published: January 2020

O artigo busca mostrar a relação entre rosto, máscara e monstruosidade no romance argentino El desierto y su semilla, de Jorge Baron Biza. Para tal, encararemos a obra com um olhar antropofágico, pensando no Movimento que leva esse nome e sua relação com a carne, a destruição e a reconstrução. A partir da análise da professora e pesquisadora María Soledad Boero sobre a obra em questão e da análise do quadro “O Jurista”, de 1566, do pintor Giuseppe Arcimboldo (imagem marcante e fundamentalmente presente na obra), pensaremos na relação do romance de Baron Biza com a figura do monstro, o valor da máscara para a construção da identidade e sua correspondência com a língua através da experimentação.
Eduardo Galeano e os jogos de linguagem
Authors: Miranda Heloisa Helena Ribeiro de , Reis Célia Maria
Published: January 2020

A história, em seu estatuto de ciência, compõe-se como um gênero narrativo. A literatura, expressão artística, está naturalmente implicada na história, que a constitui como gênero produzido pelo homem, imerso na temporalidade.  O “ponto-zero”, que marca o antes e o depois entre a história e a literatura, está no fato de ambas se constituírem como linguagem. Sendo assim, pretendemos nesse texto demonstrar como o discurso histórico pode fazer uso da linguagem literária na composição da narrativa historiográfica. Para tanto, analisaremos o texto “Palabras perdidas”, do uruguaio Eduardo Galeano, retirado da obra Espejos: una historia casi universal (2008), observando que, embora Galeano não cumpra as exigências do método da historiografia estrutural (demarcação temporal, relato dos fatos, informação das fontes etc), seu texto oferece outra configuração, possível ao discurso histórico.
Ensaiar a escrita, escrever a vida
Authors: Santos Mariana Pires
Published: January 2020

Procuramos analisar o livro de relatos autobiográficos Varia imaginación (2003), da escritora argentina Sylvia Molloy, à luz de suas próprias reflexões sobre a autobiografia, desenvolvidas principalmente em seu livro de ensaios At Face Value/Acto de presencia (1991/1996), mas também em seu primeiro romance, En breve cárcel (1981). Entendemos que Varia imaginación recupera, em outro registro, muitas das reflexões apresentadas no volume de ensaios críticos sobre a autobiografia hispano-americana, assim como questões já abordadas naquele romance. Entre a publicação de En breve cárcel e a de Varia imaginación passam-se mais de vinte anos. No meio do caminho, como se unisse duas pontas, está Acto de presencia. O que era dúvida, inquietação, perturbação para a narradora do primeiro romance de Sylvia Molloy converte-se em prazer, melancolia e ironia para a narradora do seu primeiro relato autobiográfico. Leitora atenta de si mesma, se em Acto de presencia a escritora-crítica busca, nas autobiografias que analisa, desconstruir formas estabelecidas de concepção da escrita autobiográfica, em Varia imaginación ela apresenta um relato que, além de narrar episódios e anedotas que forjam um eu fragmentado, a todo momento volta-se a si mesmo para refletir sobre a própria escrita.
Formas do esquecimento
Authors: Raulino Renata Cristina Pereira
Published: January 2020

Nesta comunicação, apresentarei o meu projeto de pesquisa de doutorado, em que analisarei como o esquecimento mobiliza  a escritura de textos literários latino-americanos contemporâneos, nos quais personagens com doença de Alzheimer são centrais para a escrita. O corpus inicial é o seguinte: Desarticulaciones (2010), de Sylvia Molloy; El eco de mi madre (2010), de Tamara Kamenzsain; En la laguna más profunda (2011), de Óscar Collazos; Diário da queda (2011), de Michel Laub; O lugar escuro: uma história de senilidade e loucura (2007), de Heloísa Seixas; e “H”, poema do livro Monodrama (2009), de Carlito Azevedo. Pretendo  contribuir para as reflexões sobre a abordagem dos sintomas de uma enfermidade como material literário, elaboração tão em voga atualmente na literatura contemporânea  e latino-americana.
Stroke Outcome Prediction by Blood Pressure Variability, Heart Rate Variability, and Baroreflex Sensitivity
Authors: Tang Shujin , Xiong Li , Fan Yuhua , Mok Vincent C.T. , Wong Ka Sing , Leung Thomas W.
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—

Poststroke autonomic dysfunction portended an unfavorable prognosis. We investigated whether blood pressure variability (BPV), heart rate variability, and baroreflex sensitivity might predict stroke functional outcome.

Methods—

We calculated BPV, heart rate variability, baroreflex slope, and baroreflex effectiveness index from a 5-minute beat-to-beat blood pressure and heart rate monitoring within 7 days from the stroke onset. We compared the parameters between patients with a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) and those with a poor outcome.

Results—

Among 142 patients (mean age, 63.9±10.2 years; 88.0% men), functional outcome was good in 112 (78.9%) and poor in 30 (21.1%). There were significant differences in admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, prior stroke, high-frequency systolic BPV, low/high-frequency ratio of BPV, baroreflex sensitivity-up, and baroreflex sensitivity-total between the 2 groups (all
P
<0.05). In multivariate analysis, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (OR, 1.672 [95% CI, 1.316–2.125];
P
<0.001), low/high-frequency ratio of systolic BPV (OR, 0.493 [95% CI, 0.250–0.973];
P
=0.041), and baroreflex effectiveness index-down (OR, 0.958 [95% CI, 0.924–0.992];
P
=0.017) independently predicted a poor functional outcome.

Conclusions—

A decreased low/high-frequency ratio of systolic BPV and impaired baroreflex sensitivity predicted an unfavorable stroke outcome, in addition to the established prognostic factor such as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm and Dissection and Fluoroquinolone Use
Authors: Maumus-Robert Sandy , Debette Stéphanie , Bérard Xavier , Mansiaux Yohann , Tubert-Bitter Pascale , Pariente Antoine
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—

Fluoroquinolone use is associated with an increased risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection. We investigated this risk of arterial wall injury on intracranial arteries, given the similar pathophysiological mechanisms for aneurysm and dissection in both types of arteries.

Methods—

A case-time-control study was conducted using French National Insurance databases covering >60 million inhabitants. Cases were aged ≥18 years with first ruptured intracranial aneurysm and dissection between 2010 and 2015. For each case, fluoroquinolone use was compared between the exposure-risk window (day 30–day 1 before the outcome) and matched control windows (day 120–day 91, day 150–day 121, and day 180–day 151) and adjusted for time-varying confounders; potential time-trend for exposure was controlled using an age- and sex-matched reference group. Amoxicillin use was studied similarly for indication bias controlling. The potential excess of risk conveyed by fluoroquinolones was assessed by the ratio of OR for fluoroquinolones to that for amoxicillin.

Results—

Of the 7443 identified cases, 75 had been exposed to fluoroquinolones in the prior 180 days, including 16 in the 30-day at-risk window (385/97 cases exposed to amoxicillin, respectively). The adjusted OR for fluoroquinolones was 1.26 (95%CI, 0.65–2.41) and that for amoxicillin of 1.36 (95% CI, 1.05–1.78). Ratio of OR for fluoroquinolones to that for amoxicillin was estimated at 0.92 (95% CI, 0.46–1.86). Result was similar when extending outcome definition to unruptured events (ratio of OR for fluoroquinolones to that for amoxicillin, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.61–1.53]).

Conclusions—

This study did not evidence an excess of risk of intracranial aneurysm or dissection with fluoroquinolone use.
Bulbostylis maritima—A new species of Cyperaceae from coastal Kerala, India

Authors: SUNIL CHANDRASSERIL NARAYANAN , PRASAD VADHYARUPARAMBIL PRABHAKARAN , KUMAR VANNARATTA NAVEEN
Published: January 2020

Bulbostylis maritima (Cyperaceae) is described as a new species along with colour photograph, illustration and SEM micrographs of achene surface. It is closely allied to B. subspinescens  and B. barbata, but differs by a combination of characters, mainly by the densely tubercled achenes, presence of prominent cavities on the rachilla, prominently ciliate bracteoles at the base of spikelets and a knee-like swelling towards base of the glumes.
The identities of three species of Parahelice Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Varunidae) from the western Pacific, based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: SHIH HSI-TE , HSU JHIH-WEI , LI JHENG-JHANG , NG NGAN KEE , LEE JUNG-HSIANG
Published: January 2020

Species of the varunid genus Parahelice Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006, inhabit high intertidal areas of oceanic islands of the tropical Indo-West Pacific region. As several species of Parahelice and Pseudohelice subquadrata (Dana, 1851) were found to be sympatric in some places, and their morphological differences are minor, especially in females, the misidentification of species is not uncommon in the literature. In this study, the DNA barcoding marker, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), was applied to confirm species identities and this was correlated with the specific characters of males and females. Distributions of three species of Parahelice were also updated, with Par. daviei (Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006), Par. pilimana (A. Milne-Edwards, 1873), and Par. pilosa (Sakai, Türkay & Yang, 2006) being new records to Taiwan, and Par. pilosa new to Bali, Indonesia.
Self-Supported PANI@MnO2 Coaxial Nanowire Network Sponge as a Binder Free Electrode for Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Guangwu , Li Xinmei , Chen Ting , Gao Weilong , Dai Yijun , Li Xiyou
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we report a novel self-supported PANI@MnO2 coaxial nanowire network sponge as a binder free electrode for supercapacitors. The as-prepared material has long MnO2 nanowire core, uniform PANI shell, intertwined nanowire networks and sponge-like structure.
Its unique structure promotes the conductivity, electrochemical performance and stability of the material. The specific capacitance of this PANI@MnO2 coaxial nanowire network sponge electrode was as high as 344 F·g−1 and maintained about 98.6% of its initial
value. Moreover, a high energy density of 86 Wh·kg−1 at a power density of 400 W·kg−1 was obtained tested by a symmetric capacitor. This remarkable electrochemical performance indicated its superior application potential in supercapacitors.
Polarization Reversal Characteristics of Ferroelectric-Schottky Diode Hybrid Structure
Authors: Saqib Muhammad , Khan Shenawar Ali , Rahman Sheik Abdur , Kim Woo Young
Published: January 2020

The polarization reversal characteristics were measured by fabricating a device with top electrode/n-type semiconductor/ferroelectric/bottom electrode structure. It was observed that the hysteresis curves were changed according to the polarity of the applied voltage. When a positive
voltage was applied, depolarization was hardly observed. However, a significant depolarization occurred when a negative voltage was applied. An attempt was made to set up an equivalent circuit using a Schottky diode to model the semiconductor-ferroelectric structure. This study is expected
to be useful for setting protocol of electronic device composed of semiconductor-ferroelectric hybrid structure.
Reliability of Processing Map and Influence of Sigma Phase Precipitation on Hot Workability of Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Jeon Jae-Yeol , Kim Cheol-Woo , Yoo Hyo-Sang , Cho Jae-Ik , Kim Dae-Geun
Published: January 2020

The hot deformation characteristics of an UNS No. S32205 grade duplex stainless steel with nitrogen content of 0.17 ms% was studied over the ranges of temperature from 800 to 1200 °C and strain rates from 0.001 to 1.0 s−1 at the total strain of 0.5 by the hot compression
test to draw the processing map. The obtained map was discussed in combinations of microstructural observations and TEM analysis. The optimum hot working region is the temperatures from 950 to 1200 °C regardless of the strain rates without cracks and sigma precipitates.
Radio-Frequency Thermal Plasma Treated Activated Carbon Impregnated with Mn and Ag for Volatile Organic Compounds Adsorption
Authors: Choi Won-Seok , Hwang Min Jin , Kwon Young-Jun , Jung Su-Hang , Youn Yongjoon , Balathanigaimani M. S. , Lee Jae-Wook , Hwang Kyung-Jun , Shim Wang-Geun
Published: January 2020

In this study, we have prepared a composite adsorbent with highly dispersed Mn and Ag nanocatalyst on the surface of activated carbon (AC) by applying the Radio-Frequency (RF) thermal plasma technique for the efficient removal of VOCs. The ACs before and after metal impregnation with
RF plasma treatment were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, and nitrogen adsorption analysis. Adsorption behaviors of toluene, acetaldehyde, and formaldehyde on ACs before and after modification were also investigated in fixed-bed systems. The experimental adsorption results for VOCs on parent
ACs and metal impregnated ACs (Mn-AC and Mn/Ag-AC) were well explained by modified continuous sigmoidal (MCS) model.
Characteristics of Perovskites ReNiO3 (Re = La and Nd) Prepared by Solid State Reaction in the Ambient of Oxygen
Authors: Kim Sangmo , Truyen Dang Hai , Kim Tae Heon , Bark Chung Wung
Published: January 2020

In the proposed method, we could complete the synthesis with only 3 h of thermal treatment, which is relatively fast in comparison to the previously reported procedure, without an expensive gascontrolled chamber system. The compound comprises Re2O3 and NiO3
powders that were mixed thoroughly in a stoichiometric ratio in a ball mill for 24 h and then dried in an oven at a 100 °C. The powder mixture was quickly calcined at various temperature for at least 3 h in an oxygen gas flow compared to conventional annealing method. After calcination
at 1100 °C, the detected XRD peaks matched well with peaks of the standard ABO3 perovskite structure. Moreover, EDX and FT-IR spectral analysis results confirmed that the mixture had formed stoichiometry ReNiO3. All prepared samples comprised plate-like grains with
a random orientation, and their average particle size was in the range of 1 to 3 μm calculated from FE-SEM images.
Formation of Nano/Micro Hierarchical Structures on Titanium Alloy Surface by a Novel Etching Solution
Authors: Kim In-Hye , Im Jae-Seung , Lee Mun-Hwan , Min Bong Ki , Son Jun Sik , Hong Min-Ho , Kwon Tae-Yub
Published: January 2020

A new effective oxidative solution for titanium (Ti) surface etching was recently developed. The present in vitro study was aimed at determining the influence of shorter (than 240 min) treatment time on the surface characteristics of the Ti nano/micro hierarchical structures.
Cylinder-shaped Ti grade 5 alloys were etched for 30, 60, 120, and 240 min at room temperature and cleaned successively with acetone, ethanol, and distilled water in an ultrasonic bath. The micro- and nanostructures, surface roughness, dynamic wettability, and the surface elemental composition
of the etched surfaces were evaluated. Nano/micro hierarchical structures, composed of micro-pits and nano-channels, were formed on the Ti surface through simple immersion in the oxidative solution. The findings suggest that the 120-min immersion yielded significant enhancement in the roughness
and wettability of the Ti surfaces.
The Chemical Alloying by a Solution Combustion Process and Its Application to the Synthesis of the Nanocrystalline Alloy Powders
Authors: Jung Choong-Hwan , Han Young-Min , Lee Sang-Jin
Published: January 2020

Various nanocrystalline metal alloy powders were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis in a reducing atmosphere in which a spray pyrolysis process was modified. Miscible Cu–Ni alloy powder and immiscible Ag–Ni alloy powder were synthesized, along with Cu–Y2O3
metal-ceramic composite powder. X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM observations showed that the synthesized powders were nanocrystalline and well alloyed. Alloying occurred via the chemical routes of the decomposition of the metal salts, as well as the oxidation, reduction and sintering processes.
Nondestructive Characterizations of Au-Catalyzed GaAs Nanowires on GaAs(111)B Substrates via Identifications of 1st Order Optical Phonon Modes Using μ-Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Park Jeung Hun , Kim Richard S. , Park Se-Jeong , Park Gye-Choon , Chung Choong-Heui
Published: January 2020

We report the relation between the catalyst patterning conditions and the intensity of the 1st order Raman active modes in Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowire bundles. We fabricated e-beam lithographically Au-patterned GaAs(111)B substrates by varying the patterning conditions (e-beam dose rate,
dot-size and interdot-spacings), and grew GaAs nanowires via vapor–liquid–solid process using a solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. To understand the effects of the substrate preparation conditions and resulting morphologies on the optical characteristics of 1st order transverse
optical and longitudinal optical phonon modes of GaAs, we characterized the nanowire bundles using complementary μ-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy as a function of the e-beam dose rate (145–595 μC/cm2), inter-dot spacing (100 and 150
nm) and pattern size (100 and 150 nm). Ensembles of single crystalline GaAs nanowires covered with different Au-thickness exhibit a downshift and asymmetric broadening of the 1st order transverse optical and longitudinal optical phonon peaks relative to GaAs bulk modes. We also showed that
the sensitivity of a downshift and broadening of Raman spectra are directly related to morphological and surface coverage variations in as-grown nanowires. We observed clear increases of the transverse optical and longitudinal optical intensity as well as the relatively higher peak shift and
broadening of Raman spectra from the 100 nm patterning in response to the dose rate change. Strong dependence of Raman spectra of the nanowire bundles on the e-beam dose rate changes are attributed to the variations in spatial density, size, shape and random growth orientation of the wires.
We have shown that the identification of the changes in GaAs longitudinal optical and Arsenic anti-site peaks is good indicators to characterize the quality of as-grown GaAs nanowires. Our finding confirms the utilization of Raman spectroscopy as a powerful tool for characterizing chemical,
structural, and morphological information of as-grown nanowires within the supporting substrate.
Polypyrrole/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites as a Sensor Media for Epinephrine
Authors: Le Thi Hoa , Lee Dal Ho , Kim Ji Hyeon , Park Sang Joon
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we discuss a new biosensor for simple and rapid detection of epinephrine (EP) based on polypyrrole/graphene quantum dot (PPy/GQD) composites. Presence of amine groups on the PPy backbone leads to surface passivation of GQDs. As a result, the composites exhibit strong
fluorescence emission, which can be up to three times that of pristine GQDs. In neutral to alkaline solution, the EP on the surface of PPy/GQD composites is converted to a quinone, which triggers the fluorescence quenching of PPy/GQD composites via a photoinduced electron transfer process.
Hence, the concentration of EP can be effectively monitored by measuring the variation in the fluorescence signal of PPy/GQD composites. The quenched fluorescence intensity of PPy/GQDs was proportional to the concentration of EP (0.7–400 μM). We used our method to determine
the concentration of EP in human serum samples and obtained satisfactory results.
Removal of Cesium in Water Using Novel Composites Synthesized Nano-Sized Prussian Blue with Carbonyl Iron
Authors: Kim Jong Kyu , Yeo Wooseok , Joo Jin Chul
Published: January 2020

Among the various radioactive materials, Cesium is a major source of radioactive contamination and known to be the most dangerous radioactive material, can cause enormous damage to the ecosystem environment when released into the environment. Prussian Blue (PB) has been used as an adsorbent
to effectively remove cesium, however it has the problem of being difficult to separate in water. In this study, carbonyl iron (CI) which is known as ferromagnetic synthesized with precursor of PB (FeCl3 and potassium ferricyanide) to solve the problem of PB particles. Adsorption
isotherm experiments were also conducted to evaluate the cesium removal ability of the manufactured novel composites. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the novel composite has a cesium removal rate of 99.88% and a distribution coefficient value of 124,900 mL/g. Adsorption
behavior follows Langmuir isotherms and the maximum adsorption amount is (qm) 79.3 mg/g. In conclusion, Nano-sized Prussian blue with carbonyl Iron prepared through this study has excellent cesium removal capacity, and it can be completely separated from water when used directly
in the cesium treatment field.
Micropatterning of Metal-Grid Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Sensor for Crack Detection Using Electrohydrodynamic Printing System
Authors: Lee Yong-Chan , Leeghim Henzeh , Lee Chang-Yull
Published: January 2020

In this paper, a mechanism of sensors for micro crack detection is proposed according to circuit disconnection. In order to detect micro cracks, sensitive sensors based on micropatterning using a electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technology are necessary. For EHD printing, it is essential to
find an optimum condition between ink materials and environmental parameters. Therefore, the distribution of the jetting mode between the flow rate and the voltage is confirmed through experiments. Metal-grid was patterned and resistance of each circuit by crack occurrence was measured. The
resistance changes are occurred at the position where the crack is generated, and the crack position can be estimated with grid type sensors. The resistance in the cracked circuits are relatively larger than it in non-cracked circuits. It was confirmed that micro cracks were well detected
by using the proposed crack sensors and mechanisms.
Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Photoactivity of ITO/VO2(M)/Au Film Electrodes for Water Splitting
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Shaban Mohamed , Jibali Badr M. , Abdelkhaliek Ahmed A.
Published: January 2020

A metastable phase ITO/VO2(B) film was prepared under the optimum conditions using a cyclic potentiometric device. Then, a monoclinic phase ITO/VO2(M) film was prepared from the ITO/VO2(B) film using annealing temperatures from 550 to 750 °C. From
the XRD analysis, the crystallinity increases with the annealing temperature from 550 to 750 °C. The ITO/VO2(M) film annealed at 750 °C had the optimum optical and structural properties. Then, three electrodes of ITO/VO2(M)/Au were prepared: electrode (I), electrode
(II), and electrode (III) at annealing temperatures of 550, 650, and 750 °C, respectively. The three electrodes were applied to generate hydrogen from H2O and examined using the current–volt (I–V) relationship. Additionally, the incident photon-to-current
conversion efficiency (IPCE) under monochromatic illumination was investigated. The electrode showed 4% efficiency at 25 °C and reached 8.1% at 45 °C. Finally, the different thermodynamic parameters, i.e., activation energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH*), and entropy
(S*), were determined for electrode (III) to be 27.33 kJ mol−1, 124.93 kJmol−1, and 109.66 JKmol−1, respectively.
Synthesis of Disk-Shaped Tungsten(VI) Oxide Particles with Various Physical Properties for Mineralization of Acetic Acid in Water Under Irradiation of Visible Light
Authors: Yamamoto Akifumi , Tanaka Atsuhiro , Kominami Hiroshi , Fujioka Daiki , Sanada Tomoe , Kojima Kazuo
Published: January 2020

Disk-shaped tungsten(VI) oxide (D-WO3) particles were synthesized according to a previously reported method consisting of pyrolysis, precipitation, and calcination, and the calcination temperature was changed (200–600 °C). The samples were characterized by field-emission
scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, the Brunauer– Emmett–Teller single-point method, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. In addition, to evaluate the photocatalytic activities of the samples, the mineralization of acetic acid
to carbon dioxide (CO2) was measured by loading Pt particles onto the surface of the samples by photodeposition and irradiating them in an aqueous suspension with a blue light-emitting diode. Increasing the calcination temperature was associated with several changes: the crystallites
grew larger, increasing the crystallinity; the specific surface area decreased, decreasing the adsorption capacity; and the rate of the photocatalytic CO2 evolution reaction increased. Pt-loaded (0.1 wt%) D-WO3 calcined at 600 °C showed the highest activity with a
CO2 evolution rate of 5.9 μmol h−1. These results indicated that improving the crystallinity of the D-WO3 samples was effective in increasing their photocatalytic activities.
Analysis of Channel Area Fluctuation Effects of Gate-All-Around Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor
Authors: Kang Seok Jung , Park Jeong-Uk , Rim Kyung Jin , Kim Yoon , Kim Jang Hyun , Kim Garam , Kim Sangwan
Published: January 2020

In this manuscript, channel area fluctuation (CAF) effects on turn-on voltage (Von) and subthreshold swing (SS) in gate-all-around (GAA) nanowire (NW) tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) with multi-bridge-channel (MBC) have been investigated for the first time. These
variations occur because oblique etching slope makes various elliptical-shaped channels in MBC-TFET. Since TFET is promising candidates to succeed metal-oxide-semiconductor FETs (MOSFET), these variation effects have been compared to MOSFET. Furthermore, Ge homojunction TFET, one of the solutions
to increase on-state current in TFET and improve SS also has been simulated using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation. The results would be worth reference for future study about GAA NW TFETs.
I-Shaped SiGe Fin Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor with High ION/IOFF Ratio
Authors: Lee Ryoongbin , Lee Junil , Lee Kitae , Kim Soyoun , Kim Sihyun , Kim Sangwan , Park Byung-Gook
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we propose an I-shaped SiGe fin tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) and use technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulations to verify the validity. Compared to conventional Fin TFET on the same footprint, a 27% increase in the effective channel width can be obtained
with the proposed TFET. The proposed Fin TFET was confirmed to have 300% boosted on-current (I on), 25% reduced subthreshold swing (SS), and 52% lower off-current (I off) than conventional Fin TFET through TCAD simulation results. These performance
improvements are attributed to increased effective channel width and enhanced gate controllability of the I-shaped fin structure. Furthermore, the fabrication process of forming an I-shaped SiGe fin is also presented using the SiGe wet etch. By optimizing the Ge condensation process, an I-shaped
SiGe fin with a Ge ratio greater than 50% can be obtained.
A Study of Photoinduced Coherent Vibrations in Gold-Nanorod Dispersions
Authors: Toschi Francesco , Catone Daniele , Mario Lorenzo Di , O’Keeffe Patrick , Paladini Alessandra , Cresi Jacopo Stefano Pelli , Turchini Stefano
Published: January 2020

Upon photoexcitation with a femtosecond laser pulse, the plasmonic resonance of a nanorod can couple with coherent vibrational modes generating a regular oscillating pattern in the transient absorbance of the nanostructure. The dynamics of the plasmon resonances of these materials are
probed through femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in the spectral region between 400 nm and 1600 nm. Whereas in the visible range the spectra are comparable with the findings reported in the literature, the analysis of the transient NIR spectra revealed that their oscillation frequencies
vary with wavelength, resulting in a strong distortion of the transient features that can be related to the specific lengths distribution of the nanorods contained in the sample. These findings suggest that in the design of efficient and highly sensitive gold-nanorod based plasmonic sensors
a narrow size distribution of nanostructures is required.
The Influence of Preparation Conditions on the Hydrogen Sorption of Mg-Nb2O5-CNT Produced by Ball Milling and Subsequent High-Pressure Torsion
Authors: Révész Ádám , Spassov Tony , Kis Viktória Kovács , Schafler Erhard , Gajdics Marcell
Published: January 2020

High energy ball milling and subsequent high-pressure torsion method was carried out on nanocrystalline Mg powders catalyzed by 5 wt.% Nb2O5 and 5 wt.% carbon nanotubes. In the present research two distinct milling routes were performed in order to reveal the influence
of the processing conditions on the hydrogenation behavior of the investigated alloys. The hydrogen sorption behavior of the milled powders and the bulk disks was examined in a Sieverts’-type apparatus. Structural characterization of the catalyzed Mg powders and disks has been carried
out by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Nanofluid Heat and Mass Transfer in a Deformable and Peristaltic Pump
Authors: Ali Aamir , Ali Y. , Marwat D.N. Khan , Awais M.
Published: January 2020

Flow heat and mass transfer in a deformable channel of peristaltically moving walls is investigated in this paper. Moreover, the channel is filled with nanofluids. The purpose of this study is to examine the combined effects of surface deformation and peristaltic movement of the walls
on the nanofluid flow in a channel. We have considered the effects of nanofluid in the peristaltically deformable porous channel whose walls are contracting or expanding in the normal direction. Nanofluids have been used to enhance the thermo-physical properties of fluids such as thermal diffusivity,
thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficients on flow and heat transfer. The analytic solution of the problem have been presented. We have analyzed the effects of different involved parameters such as Reynolds number, surface deformation parameter, Prandtl number, wave number,
Brownian and thermophoretic diffusion parameters and Schmidt number on the velocity profile, the temperature profile, pressure distribution and the concentration profile with the help of graphs. The results are shown graphically and discussed physically. It is observed that the deformation
increases the axial velocity and temperature of the fluid.
Laser Plasma Induced Cu2O Nanoparticle Synthesis in Ethanol and Nanofluid Particle Characterization
Authors: Rajan Magesh T. , Hassan Rizbi , Hong Haiping
Published: January 2020

Nanofluids with nanoscale colloidal suspensions having condensed nanomaterials have been found to show highly-enhanced physical, chemical, thermal and transport properties and signifies great potential in many fields. In this article, laser induced plasmas at liquid-metal phase boundaries
is investigated for copper oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticle synthesis in ethanol without any surfactants. The nanoparticles are generated using 1064 nm NdYAG laser ablation in a water confined plasma with 1.5 J laser energy pulsed at 10 Hz for 4 minutes, which resulted in narrow size distribution
of nanoparticles of size ranging from 2 to 12 nm dispersed in ethanol sans surfactant. The synthesized Cu2O nanoparticles in ethanol are characterized for their sizes, surface morphology, crystalline structures and elemental compositions etc. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements
show Cu2O nanoparticles synthesized have an average size of 4.5 nm. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements show Cu2O nanoparticles exhibit isolated and agglomerated nanoparticles with near-spherical and irregular surface morphologies. Transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) measurements show Cu2O nanoparticles with near-spherical and irregular shapes, and the average size of the nanoparticles is ˜4.5 nm. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) measurements show poly crystalline structure present in the Cu2O nanoparticles.
The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements show the purity of Cu2O nanoparticles with identification of significant Cu and O elements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements confirm that the Cu2O nanoparticles are polycrystalline in nature and confirmed
the presence of single phase of Cu2O nanoparticles.
Calorimetric Investigation for Thermal Plate of Casson Fluid via Fractional Derivative
Authors: Mirbahar Muhammad Nawaz , Abro Kashif Ali , Shaikh Abdul Wasim
Published: January 2020

The manuscript reveals the collective effects of the moving plate of Casson fluid in which magnetic, porous outcomes are under consideration. Thermal stratification is investigated to disclose the hidden phenomenon of mass concentration and temperature distribution. Fractional operator
has been applied on the fundamental equations of Casson fluid namely Caputo-Fabrizio fractional operator based on sufficient memory operator. For the exact analysis of basic fractional governing equations of velocity profile, temperature distribution and mass concentration the integral transforms
have been employed. The solutions of the dimensionless equations have been described in terms special functions in convoluted form. For the sake of non-fractional solution of the basic equations of the Casson fluid X = 1 in the obtained solutions has been implemented for the four type's
fluid models. Finally, thermal conductivity of the fluid has been analyzed by estimating various different parametric values which result the increment in velocity profile along with porous permeability but reverse in transvers magnetic field on the flow.
The Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Symbiotic Simulation and Observation (LASSO) Activity for Continental Shallow Convection
Authors: Gustafson William I. , Vogelmann Andrew M. , Li Zhijin , Cheng Xiaoping , Dumas Kyle K. , Endo Satoshi , Johnson Karen L. , Krishna Bhargavi , Fairless Tami , Xiao Heng
Published: January 2020

The U.S. Department of Energy’s Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility recently initiated the Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) ARM Symbiotic Simulation and Observation (LASSO) activity focused on shallow convection at ARM’s Southern Great Plains (SGP) atmospheric observatory in Oklahoma. LASSO is designed to overcome an oft-shared difficulty of bridging the gap from point-based measurements to scales relevant for model parameterization development, and it provides an approach to add value to observations through modeling. LASSO is envisioned to be useful to modelers, theoreticians, and observationalists needing information relevant to cloud processes. LASSO does so by combining a suite of observations, LES inputs and outputs, diagnostics, and skill scores into data bundles that are freely available, and by simplifying user access to the data to speed scientific inquiry. The combination of relevant observations with observationally constrained LES output provides detail that gives context to the observations by showing physically consistent connections between processes based on the simulated state. A unique approach for LASSO is the generation of a library of cases for days with shallow convection combined with an ensemble of LES for each case. The library enables researchers to move beyond the single-case-study approach typical of LES research. The ensemble members are produced using a selection of different large-scale forcing sources and spatial scales. Since large-scale forcing is one of the most uncertain aspects of generating the LES, the ensemble informs users about potential uncertainty for each date and increases the probability of having an accurate forcing for each case.
Contributions of Internal Variability and External Forcing to the Recent Trends in the Southeastern Pacific and Peru–Chile Upwelling System
Authors: Jebri Beyrem , Khodri Myriam , Echevin Vincent , Gastineau Guillaume , Thiria Sylvie , Vialard Jérôme , Lebas Nicolas
Published: January 2020

In a warming world context, sea surface temperature (SST) off central-south Peru, northern Chile, and farther offshore increases at a slower rate than the global average since several decades (i.e., cools, relative to the global average). This tendency is synchronous with an interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) negative trend since ~1980, which has a cooling signature in the southeastern Pacific. Here, we use a large ensemble of historical coupled model simulations to investigate the relative roles of internal variability (and in particular the IPO) and external forcing in driving this relative regional cooling, and the associated mechanisms. The ensemble mean reproduces the relative cooling, in response to an externally forced southerly wind anomaly, which strengthens the upwelling off Chile in recent decades. This southerly wind anomaly results from the poleward expansion of the Southern Hemisphere Hadley cell. Attribution experiments reveal that this poleward expansion and the resulting enhanced upwelling mostly occur in response to increasing greenhouse gases and stratospheric ozone depletion since ~1980. An oceanic heat budget confirms that the wind-forced upwelling enhancement dominates the relative cooling near the coast. In contrast, a wind-forced deepening of the mixed layer drives the offshore cooling. While internal variability contributes to the spread of tendencies, the ensemble-mean relative cooling in the southeastern Pacific is consistent with observations and occurs irrespectively of the IPO phase, hence, indicating the preeminent role of external forcing.
Portrayal of Immunization in American Cinema: 1925 to 2016
Authors: Auwen Aurora , Emmons Mark , Dehority Walter
Published: January 2020

The American media often disseminates antivaccination messages. Cinema in particular reaches many individuals and influences attitudes regarding high-risk behaviors such as smoking and alcohol use. We hypothesized that negative cinematic portrayals of immunization have increased over the last 3 decades. Films released in the United States featuring immunization through 2016 were identified on IMDb and viewed in their entirety by 2 reviewers. Themes were recorded, and the portrayal of immunization (positive, negative, or mixed) across each decade was assessed in a logistic regression model. Cultural references attributed to films (eg, television references) were recorded from the “connection” feature on IMDb. Fifty relevant films were identified (1925-2016). Negative/mixed portrayals of immunization were more frequent after 1990 (odds ratio = 4.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-13.5), and films with positive immunization portrayals garnered significantly fewer cultural references than films with negative/mixed portrayals (mean = 9.2 vs 56.2, P = .048). American cinema features increasingly negative portrayals of immunization.
Chinese Police Cadets’ Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence: A Pretest/Posttest Design
Authors: Hayes Brittany E. , Connolly Eric J. , Wang Xinting , Mason Makayla , Ingham Camille
Published: January 2020

Since the Domestic Violence (DV) Law was passed in China in 2015, knowledge of this mandate has been relatively unexplored. Data from 401 police cadets attending Zhejiang Police College in Hangzhou, China, are analyzed. A pretest/posttest design was used to assess changes in attitudes toward DV after a 30-minute lecture on DV. The influence of gender, whether the cadet views DV as a priority for law enforcement, and knowledge of services are examined. Findings demonstrate the utility of the training while recognizing cadets with prior knowledge of DV may have resisted the training. Given entrance into law enforcement is more likely for individuals who attend a police college in China, implications include incorporating a DV course at police colleges.
On the Job or in the Joint: Criminal Justice Contact and Employment Outcomes
Authors: Fernandes April D.
Published: January 2020

Existing research has shown that the rise of incarceration had a substantial effect on the stabilizing forces of employment. The conditions and circumstances that render felony imprisonment impactful are also present for less severe points of contact. Using longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth, 1997 (NLSY97), this project explores the effects of the continuum of contact, namely, an arrest, conviction, and jail sentence, on employment stability and wages. Results show that the consistency of employment is detrimentally affected by all points of low-level contact, with an added penalty for African Americans. These results point to the salience of exploring all levels of contact to fully ascertain how the criminal justice system can increase stratification and occupational inequality.
Juvenile Institutional Misconduct: Examining the Role of Educational Attainment and Academic Achievement
Authors: Engstrom Ronda Shepherd , Scott Daniel
Published: January 2020

Identifying risk factors of institutional misconduct among juvenile offenders is important in curbing costs and consequences of these infractions. Research shows low educational attainment and poor academic achievement are consistently related to delinquency and crime. Yet, no research has examined whether these educational variables are associated with institutional misconduct among juveniles. Official records and interviews yielded information on the educational characteristics and institutional misconduct of 349 juvenile prisoners in a California facility. Negative binomial regression analysis was employed to examine hypothesized relationships. Results indicate that graduating high school significantly predicts institutional misconduct. Implications for juvenile corrections policies, including the importance of assisting juvenile detainees in obtaining their high school diploma, and directions for future research are provided.
Stability of Pentobarbital Hydrogel for Rectal Administration in Pediatric Procedural Sedation
Authors: Belo Sephora , Touchard Justine , Secretan Philippe-Henri , Vidal Fabrice , Boudy Vincent , Cisternino Salvatore , Schlatter Joël
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Pentobarbital is a sedative agent to limit children motion during computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ensures the successful completion of the imaging procedure. However, data on rectal drug formulation and its stability in practice are not available. The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate the stability of a ready-to-use rectal pentobarbital gel. Methods: The formulation consisted of a hydrated gel containing 25 mg/mL of pentobarbital sodium, packaged in 10-mL amber glass bottles and stored at either 22°C to 25°C or 2°C to 8°C. At each predetermined time point, samples were taken for visual inspection, pH measurement, and analysis by a validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The viscosity parameters of the hydrogel formulation were assessed. Results: The freshly prepared rectal formulations appeared clear, colorless, and particular-free with pH readings of 9.75 to 9.83. Over the 90 days of the study period, there was no significant change in appearance or pH values for all stability samples. The HPLC results confirmed the chemical stability when stored at 2°C to 8°C or at 22°C to 25°C. Conclusion: Pentobarbital hydrogel 25 mg/mL are stable chemically at least 90 days and can be administered to children for an effective and fast sedation.
Influence of mosaic pattern on hygrothermally-aged filament wound composite cylinders under axial compression
Authors: Azevedo Cristiano B , Almeida Jr José Humberto S , Flores Heitor F , Eggers Frederico , Amico Sandro C
Published: January 2020

The mechanical response of composite structures may be affected by harsh environments, particularly when the matrix has a major contribution, e.g. with off-axis plies. This study aims at investigating the influence of the winding pattern on the axial compressive behavior of filament wound composite cylinder under hygrothermal conditioning. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy cylinders were manufactured via filament winding with 1/1, 3/1, and 5/1 mosaic winding patterns and submitted to distilled and artificial seawater environmental conditioning. Water uptake for each hygrothermal conditioning was periodically monitored. The winding pattern influenced both compressive strength and stiffness, and the environmental conditioning decreased strength up to ≈10%. The winding pattern with three diamonds around the circumference of the cylinders provides the properties in term of compressive strength and stiffness.
The Two-sided Effect of Elections on Coup Attempts
Authors: Krishnarajan Suthan , Rørbæk Lasse Lykke
Published: January 2020

In this article, we investigate the relationship between elections and coup attempts. We argue that elections have opposing effects on the risk of coup attempts, depending on the state of the economy in which they are held. Elections occurring in conditions of economic crisis spur anti-government mobilization and high levels of state repression. This increases the subsequent risk of coup attempts. Conversely, elections held during economic expansion induce pro-government mobilization and waning repression, which reduces the subsequent risk of coups. We find strong support for these propositions in a statistical analysis of 130 countries that conducted contested elections in the period 1952 to 2013. The results are robust to an array of model specifications, including when we account for election outcome, postelection economic performance, and the possibility that both elections and economic performance are endogenous to coup attempts.
China’s urban development in context: Variegated geographies of city-regionalism and managing the territorial politics of urban development
Authors: Jonas Andrew EG
Published: January 2020

China’s urban development is often regarded as exceptional in terms of both the pace of urbanisation and the size and territorial reach of the country’s constituent city-regions. This commentary examines the variegated role of city-regionalism in the internationalisation and domestic management of Chinese state territory, and considers how the rise of new city-regional urban forms inside China is transforming the politics of urban development. China urban development processes are neither exclusively unique nor are they resistant to general theorisation; instead they are essentially comparable and therefore amenable to further theoretical interpretation.
A new method for force prediction in an accelerometer force balance system using support vector regression
Authors: Deka Sushmita , Babu Pallekonda Ramesh , Rahang Maneswar
Published: January 2020

The accurate prediction of force is very important in the present scenario of aerodynamic force measurement. The high accuracy of force prediction during calibration facilitates a better accuracy of force measurement in aerodynamic facilities like shock tunnels and wind tunnels. The present study describes the force prediction in an accelerometer force balance system using support vector regression (SVR). The comparison of SVR with the existing force prediction techniques namely, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) has also been carried out. The accelerometer force balance used in the current experimentation consists of a tri-axial accelerometer to measure the response on an aluminium hemispherical model on the application of force. The impulse forces were applied along the axial, normal and azimuthal directions. The forces were predicted using the accelerations obtained from the tri-axial accelerometer. SVR method was able to predict the forces quite accurately as compared to ANFIS and ANN. However, SVR has the advantage over ANFIS and ANN in that it is independent of the magnitude of the training and testing data. It is capable of an accurate prediction of forces with any magnitude of training and testing data, unlike ANFIS and ANN.