bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A primeira pessoa do plural em Santa Leopoldina/ES: correlação entre alternância e concordância
Authors: Foeger Camila Candeias , Yacovenco Lilian Coutinho , Scherre Maria Marta Pereira
Published: December 2017

Analisamos, sob o prisma da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), dois fenômenos relativos à primeira pessoa do plural: a alternância nós/a gente e a concordância com o sujeito nós. Focalizamos o papel das variáveis linguísticas tempo verbal e saliência fônica e, também, faixa etária e interação com o entrevistador. O corpus compõe-se por 32 entrevistas tipicamente labovianas (LABOV, 2008 [1972]), pertencentes à Amostra do Português Falado na Zona Rural de Santa Leopoldina/ES. Para a quantificação dos dados, utilizamos o programa GoldVarb X (SANKOFF; TAGLIAMONTE; SMITH, 2005). Verificamos que implementação de a gente é favorecida em contextos de “fuga à não concordância”. Destacamos que (1) nós é favorecido em contextos em que há ambiguidade entre presente e pretérito perfeito: nos casos de não concordância, o morfema -mos marca o pretérito perfeito e ausência de -mos marca o presente; (2) verbos menos salientes favorecem a gente ou a ausência de concordância com nós; (3) homens de 26 a 49 anos são os que mais usam a gente; (4) o uso de nós é mais frequente quando a interação é com a entrevistadora natural da comunidade.
Clíticos dativos em cartas pessoais do Ceará do século XX
Authors: Araújo Francisco Jardes Nobre de , Carvalho Hebe Macedo de
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa a alternância dos pronomes ‘te’ e ‘lhe’ como oblíquos dativos de 2ª pessoa em cartas pessoais cearenses, escritas durante o século XX, tendo como pressupostos teórico-metodológicos a Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 1972, 1994) e os princípios gerais da Sociolinguística Histórica (CONDE SILVESTRE, 2007). A amostra analisada compõe-se de 186 cartas pessoais escritas por cearenses. Na análise da variação, considera-se a atuação dos grupos de fatores tipo semântico do verbo; estrutura do verbo da oração; posição do clítico na oração e as variáveis extralinguísticas década em que as cartas foram escritas e sexo do remetente. Como ferramenta para mensuração dos dados, utilizou-se o programa computacional GoldVarb X (SANKOFF; TAGLIAMONTE; SMITH, 2005). Concluiu-se que, nas cartas da amostra, a forma mais frequente foi ‘lhe’, que a posição do pronome tem forte influência sobre a escolha do clítico e que a variação ‘te’~‘lhe’ se mostra estável ao longo do século XX na variedade do português usada na escrita de cearenses, não sinalizando, portanto, para uma futura mudança com predomínio de uma das duas formas.
Feminismos em debate: disputas, contradições e tensões (1930-1937)
Authors: Alves Iracélli Da Cruz
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa a militância feminista de um grupo de mulheres do Partido Comunista do Brasil, atualmente denominado Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB) entre 1930 e 1937, bem como as relações estabelecidas com outros grupos feministas do período. A preocupação central é evidenciar a forma como as pecebistas concebiam a luta e as críticas que fizeram a outros grupos feministas. No início do século XX, tornou-se crescente o número de mulheres organizadas em prol de mudanças político-sociais para o gênero feminino. No período, surgiram organizações feministas que lutaram por mais direitos para as mulheres. A luta pela emancipação feminina era permeada por tensões. Uma parcela das mulheres do PCB entendia o feminismo como um movimento “pequeno-burguês”, por isso, inadequado para as mulheres que estavam verdadeiramente preocupadas com a emancipação feminina. Não se assumir feminista não significava, necessariamente, falta de engajamento com as pautas comuns aos feminismos. Afora todas as tensões, a luta das mulheres dentro do PCB e as relações intrapartidárias também foram marcadas por tensões e contradições. Nesse sentido, o texto visa refletir sobre parte do debate presente nas lutas feministas na primeira metade do século XX.
A criatividade como expressão da subjetividade no envelhecimento
Authors: Amendoeira Maria Cristina Reis
Published: December 2017

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THE READINESS OF FARMERS TO CREATE MUTUAL FUNDS FOR AGRICULTURAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN LITHUANIA
Authors: Kuliešis Gediminas , Pareigienė Lina , Ribašauskienė Erika , Sablou Cécile
Published: December 2017

The agriculture could be characterized as the economic activity which production and economic results are unpredictable and unstable because of climate change, market volatility. Vast and growing risk of farming induces to look after the ways to manage it. European Union, aiming to reduce risks in agricultural activities, proposes to create mutual funds as new measures for farmers not only to protect the production, but the income losses too. Lithuania intends to implement these measures, therefore it is very important not only to analyse the experience of other countries but also to know the opinion of Lithuanian farmers' community. The aim of the research is to examine the attitudes of Lithuanian farmers due to participation in creation of mutual funds. Using the method of force field the semi structured questionnaire was developed, it was sent to 46 leaders of farmer’s organizations affiliated to The Chamber of Agriculture of the Republic of Lithuania, 22 replies were received. The research results confirmed farmers’ attitudes, that the risk management tools, associated with creation of mutual funds are necessary and relevant in Lithuanian case, but their current level of awareness impels uncertainty and unpreparedness.
PROGRAM AND PERFORMANCE BASED BUDGETING – WAY TOWARDS CONSOLIDATING LOCAL FINANCIAL AUTONOMY
Authors: Stratan Alexandru , Manole Tatiana
Published: December 2017

Actuality of the research resides in the application for the first time in the Republic of Moldova of the program and performance based budgeting (PPBB) at the local level. The aim of the article is to evaluate PPBB and its influence on the responsibility of the local authorities and improving the use of public money. The research methodology is based on the calculations of the correlation reports between different local budget indicators. The results present that the level of financial autonomy depends on the financial possibilities of the administrative-territorial entities. Thus, there is required to supplement the revenues by detecting domestic reserves and their use by the local administration.
Kornai and anti-equilibrium
Authors: Keen Steve
Published: December 2017

János Kornai’s Anti-Equilibrium was ahead of its time when it was written, and even today, when system dynamics software is extensively used in engineering and other disciplines, it remains ahead of its time in economics, which is still hampered by the dominant equilibrium-dominated modeling approach and the subjective beliefs that the truly sterile state of equilibrium is preferable to the real dynamic instability of actual capitalism. I show that the dead-end in which economic theory finds itself today is easily escaped if we adopt the system dynamics approach Kornai recommended in 1971, and derive macroeconomics directly from the structure of the macroeconomy.
Gambling and family: A two-way relationship
Authors: Subramaniam Mythily , Chong Siow Ann , Satghare Pratika , Browning Colette J. , Thomas Shane
Published: December 2017

Background and aims

Families play an important role in the evolution of gambling and are also adversely affected by the disordered gambling of any one of their members. The aims of this study were to explore both the role families play in gambling initiation, maintenance, and help-seeking, and the harm caused to families by the gambling behavior using a qualitative approach.

Methods

Regular older adult gamblers were included in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 older adults to gain an understanding of gambling from their perspective. Older adult gamblers described their lived experience of gambling ranging from initiation to harm and attempts to cut down or limit gambling. Data were analyzed using thematic network analysis.

Results

The mean age of the 25 participants was 66.2 years. The majority were male (n = 18), of Chinese ethnicity (n = 16), had secondary education (n = 9), were married (n = 20), and currently employed (n = 15). Four organizing themes related to the role of families in initiation and maintenance of gambling, harm caused to family members, and their role in help-seeking were identified.

Discussion and conclusions

The study emphasizes the role of Asian families in both initiation and maintenance of gambling. Hence, families must be involved in prevention and outreach programs. Family members must be educated, so that they can encourage help-seeking to ensure early treatment and recovery. There is a need for interventional studies for reducing stress and improving coping among family members.
Post-transplantation morphological and functional changes in kidneys from expanded criteria donors
Authors: Borda B , Németh T , Ottlakan A , Keresztes C , Kemény É , Lázár G
Published: December 2017

Introduction

Despite an increase in the number of cadaver donors and overall organ transplantations, the dramatic increase in the waiting list makes it necessary to reconsider donor criteria. The authors wanted to examine whether differences could exist in the function and/or morphology of transplanted kidneys originated from expanded criteria donors (ECDs) and ideal donors 1 and 5 years after transplantation.

Methods

Kidney function and histopathologic findings were analyzed and compared 1 and 5 years after transplantation in 97 patients having ECD kidneys and in 178 patients who received ideal donor kidneys (IDK).

Results

Serum creatinine level was significantly higher (p = 0.001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower (p = 0.003) in patients having ECD kidneys as compared with those with IDK 5 years after transplantation. Morphological changes in the transplanted kidneys, such as tubulitis (p = 0.025) and interstitial inflammation (p = 0.002), were significantly more frequently present in patients with ECD kidneys than in those with IDK 1 year after transplantation.

Conclusion

Despite an absence of differences in kidney function 1 year after kidney transplantation between patients having ECD and IDK, morphological differences in the transplanted kidneys can be detected between the two groups of patients.
Biochemical status, oxidative and antioxidant responses after 3-month specific training in elite karate athletes
Authors: Jemili H , Mejri MA , Bouhlel E , Amri M
Published: December 2017

Aim

To investigate the effects of 3-month-long specific training program on biochemical status, oxidative and antioxidant responses in elite karatekas.

Methods

Twenty male karatekas [BMI: 21.9 ± 2.4 (kg/m2)] participated in this study. They performed a 3-month specific training to prepare for an international competition. We measured selected biochemical parameters, the oxidative and antioxidant responses before (T0) and after 3 months of intense karate training (T1).

Results

We found significant increases in catalase activity (26.3% ± 21.3%, p < 0.0005), superoxide dismutase activity (15.9% ± 28.8%, p < 0.05), and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde levels (17.2% ± 13.7%, p < 0.0005) after 3 months of karate training. Moreover, the athletes’ biochemical status was significantly improved at T1 compared with T0 (for the majority of parameters, p < 0.0005).

Conclusions

The specific training program improves the prooxidant–antioxidant balance of elite karate athletes. It could be recommended for athletes having similar physical fitness level.
Активное обучение как условие формирования образовательного пространства организации среднего профессионального образования
Authors: Гущина Елена Валентиновна
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматривается проблема выбора активных методов и технологий обучения, обеспечивающих  процесс  формирования у студентов профессиональных компетенций в учреждении среднего профессионального образования. На опыте  колледжа  Московского гуманитарного университета представлена  модель формирования образовательного пространства с использованием в учебном процессе активных и интерактивных форм обучения.
Культурный фронт Гражданской войны (по материалам Центрального государственного архива Московской области)
Authors: Жукова Ольга Германовна
Published: December 2017

В статье анализируется культурная политика Советской России в годы Гражданской войны: ликвидация неграмотности населения, развитие театра, литературы и искусства; поддержка культуры быта и культуры производства. Статья основана на материалах фондов Центрального государственного архива Московской области.
Русские либералы от января 1905 года к октябрю 1917 года: поиск модели развития
Authors: Хорина Галина Петровна
Published: December 2017

В статье анализируются культурно-исторические причины появления на русской почве западничества, на основе которого впоследствии будет развиваться российский либерализм. Показана роль либеральной идеологии в революционных событиях начала XX века и ее историческая обреченность.
Из истории крестьянской войны 1670–1671 гг. на территории Мордовии: биография Павла Елушева
Authors: Инков Александр Александрович
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматриваются малоизвестные страницы крестьянской войны 1670–1671 гг. на территории Мордовии на примере действий отряда атамана П. Елушева. На основе сохранившихся документов прослеживается биография Елушева до начала Разинского восстания. Вопреки распространенному в историографии мнению о происхождении мордовского атамана из крестьян, источники свидетельствуют о его принадлежности к служилому сословию.
CARACTERES AGRONÔMICOS DE B. brizantha cv. Xaraés (MG5), SOB DIFERENTES DOSES DE BIOFERTILIZANTE DE DEJETO DE BOVINO LEITEIRO
Authors: Alonso R.A. , Da Costa L.V.C.
Published: December 2017

A produção de carne e leite no Brasil, é reconhecidamente produzida a pasto, e esse tipo de produção é um dos grandes desafios para a pecuária, devido a implementação de área, uso adequado de fertilizantes e manejo para manter essa produtividade. Atualmente a busca por sustentabilidade tem se tornado parte de nosso cotidiano, influenciando diversas atividades do dia-a-dia, incluindo a agricultura e pecuária. Práticas de manejo ligadas a teoria de sustentabilidade tem ganhado um amplo espaço no Brasil e no mundo, nesse contexto, cada vez mais produtores rurais buscam formas de agregar valor a produção fazendo uso de biofertilizantes na produção de pasto. Desejando-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizante, desenvolveu-se um experimento no Instituto de Biotecnologia – IBIOTEC, pertencente à UNIARA, Araraquara – SP, o trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação sob blocos inteiramente casualizados com 5 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiam de três doses de biofertilizantes ( 5, 10 e 20 m3/ha-1), e um tratamento zero considerado o controle. O biofertilizante utilizado é de dejeto de vaca leiteira, submetido a tratamento em biodigestores anaeróbios, coletado após período conveniente de fermentação. A brachiaria brizantha foi avaliada durante quatro cortes consecutivos para a avaliação da Matéria Verde (MV), Matéria Seca (MS), altura, caracteres bromatológicos. A aplicação do biofertilizante independente da dose em relação ao controle, propiciou incremento na produção forrageira. Observou-se que os tratamentos com 10 e 20 m3/ha-1 dose de biofertilizante apresentara, melhores resultados para altura da planta (cm), produção de massa verde (MV) e matéria seca (MS), para o parâmetro da bromatologia os teores de proteína foi maior para os tratamentos que receberam biofertilizante diferindo do tratamento controle. Os dados encontrados nesse trabalho indica que há possibilidade de se produzir pasto de forma sustentável e sem agredir o meio ambiente, e em substituição a adubação mineral.
Use of methylene blue for the detection of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Parasuraman Madhivardhanam , Giridharan Bhanumati , Vijaylakshmi .
Published: December 2017

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the widely acceptable method for the examination of the breast cancer in the patients. This biopsy is considered as the best method for identifying the axillary involvement. Various dyes are used in this biopsy to find the sentinel lymph node. However, methylene blue dye (MBD) is considered to have a low risk of anaphylaxis, be cost effective and widely available.A systematic review and meta-analysis is performed on the utilisation of the methylene blue dye in the sentinel lymph node biopsy in the examination of breast cancer.Eight studies were appropriate for the inclusion criteria that were analysed systematically wherein meta- analysis is performed on studies which had ample data that comparatively analysed the efficiency of methylene blue. However, only two studies were selected for meta- analysis based on the availability of data.Systematic review reveals that methylene blue dye can be used as the best alternative when compared to other dyes in the detection of sentinel lymph node in the patients with breast cancer. However, the meta-analysis of two studies revealed no statistical significance defining the efficacy of methylene blue for sentinel lymph node detection.
Factors resulting in conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy-institution based study
Authors: Awan Naseer Ahmad , Hamid Firdous , Mir Irfan Nazir , Ahmad Mir Mujtaba , Shah Ajaz Ahmad , Asimi Athar , Nafee Alfar Ah , Wani Hilal Ahmad
Published: December 2017

Background: Laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized the way it is performed for an increasing number of patients. In this study, we determined the various reasons for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our setup.Methods: This was a descriptive study, conducted at Government Medical College Srinagar, Frommay 2015 to June 2017. The study included 450patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. All patients were operated by experienced laparoscopic surgeons with experience of more than 300 Laparoscopic cholecystectomies. Cases that required conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery were analyzed and the factors possible for such conversion were studied.Results: The mean age of patients was 45.6 years and male to female ratio 1:3.8. The mean operating time was 49 minutes and average hospital stay was 2 days. Out of 450 patients, 26(5.8%) required open conversion. Factors responsible for open conversion were dense adhesions in 12(2.7%), obscure anatomy at clot’s triangle in 6, (1.3%), significant intra-operative bleeding 5 (1.1), CBD injury 1(0.2%), visceral injury 1 (0.2%), and instrument failure in 1(0.2%) conversions.Conclusions: Open conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in this study was 5.8%. The commonest cause of conversion was dense adhesions around the gall-bladder. Preventable factors like instrument failure or power breakdown can be addressed by a reliable back up.
Hepatic transaminases as predictors of liver injury in abdominal trauma
Authors: Zachariah Sanoop K. , Paul Vergis , Mathews Kocheril Sheryl , Gopinath Jayan , M. Celine T. , Rajeeve Sridevi
Published: December 2017

Background: Our aim was to determine the usefulness of hepatic transaminases as hematological markers to predict the presence and severity of liver injury in adult patients with abdominal trauma.Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients admitted with abdominal trauma (blunt and penetrating) over a three-year period. Grading of liver injury was based on CT-scan or surgical findings. Patients in whom liver enzymes were estimated in the first 48 hours were included.Results: Out of the 66 patients in the study, 23 (63.89%) patients had minor liver injuries, while 13 (36.11%) had major liver injuries. Injury was blunt in 63 (95.45%) and penetrating in 3 (4.54%) patients. The mortality rate was 7.57% (n=5). The median SGOT and SGPT levels in the liver injury group were higher than those in the non-liver injury group SGOT (209LI vs. 43.5) U/L and SGPT (283.22 vs. 72.97) U/L, respectively, (p=0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessment, showed the optimum SGOT and SGPT thresholds to be >112.5 and >120.5U/L respectively, which were strongly associated with the presence of liver injuries. There was significant correlation between liver transaminases with grade of liver injury, SGOT (p=0.013) and SGPT (p=0.004).Conclusions: SGOT and SGPT values >112.5 and >120.5U/L respectively, are strongly suggestive of liver injury. Hepatic transaminases are useful screening hematological markers for liver injuries and should be included in the initial trauma blood test panel and may guide in the decision making especially in medical centers with limited facilities.
Evaluation of RIPASA score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Bhatnagar Shubhi P. , Chavan Shahaji
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Despite being a common problem, it remains a difficult diagnosis to establish, particularly among the young, the elderly and females of reproductive age. The study aimed to compare the efficacy of RIPASA score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Methods: In this cross sectional comparative study, 100 cases of pain in the right iliac fossa were admitted and evaluated clinically. RIPASA score was calculated for all. Ultrasound (USG) of abdomen and pelvis was done. A positive RIPASA score or USG finding was the criteria for open appendicectomy. The postoperative histopathological reports were compared with the RIPASA scores.Results: RIPASA score was positive in 90% cases. Histopathologically, appendicitis was present in 99% cases. One case of normal appendix histopathologically had a lower RIPASA score. This indicated that RIPASA score could correctly diagnose acute appendicitis in 90% cases.Conclusions: RIPASA score is an efficient score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. As compared with ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis, the RIPASA score is more diagnostic in cases of acute appendicitis. Negative findings of acute appendicitis on ultrasonography of abdomen and pelvis are not the diagnostic test to rule out appendicitis.
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy versus Milligan-Morgan haemorrhoidectomy: a paradigm shift in the management of 3rd and 4th degree hemorrhoids
Authors: Panigrahi Sudhir Kumar , Behera Chinmaya Ranjan , Mishra Subrajit , Kanungo Abinash
Published: December 2017

Background: Hemorrhoids being a common anorectal problem with its well known morbidity and complications is treated since long by conservative measures, injection sclerotherapy or rubber banding for 1st and 2nd degree and by open Miligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy or closed Fergusson hemorrhoidectomy for 3rd and 4th degree. However, since 1998, the adoption of Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy has proved over time to be a better alternative in terms of lesser postoperative complication and an overall patient satisfaction.Methods: A prospective study conducted on 114 patients at Department of General Surgery, Kalinga institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha from May 2014 to December 2016.Results: Our study showed stapled hemorrhoidopexy, significantly reduced the time taken for the operative procedure (p <0.001), post operative pain (p <0.01), hospital stay along with early return to work and a better patient satisfaction.Conclusions: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is an effective alternative to open Miligan-Morgan procedure in treating 3rd and 4th degree hemorrhoids, in terms of lesser time taken for the operative procedure, post operative pain, use of analgesics, hospital stay and early return to work, better post operative patient’s satisfaction and reduced procedure related complication.
A clinical study of non-diabetic soft tissue infections: risk factors for mortality and morbidity
Authors: Muthusami Anitha , Krishnaswamy Jawahar , Sattar Reshma
Published: December 2017

Background: Non-diabetic soft tissue infection is the infection of the soft tissue in a non-diabetic patient. It is rare, but results in high mortality. The aim of the study was to establish a scoring system to predict the outcome of a patient with non-diabetic soft tissue limb infection at the time of admission and to determine the factors which increase the morbidity of a patient with non-diabetic soft tissue limb infection as determined by number of days of hospital stay or limb loss or death of the patient.Methods: Clinical and laboratory details of 200 cases of non-diabetic soft tissue infections of the lower limb were retrospectively analyzed statistically, using pearson's chi square test for comparison of proportions with respect to mortality, fisher's exact test, logistic regression analysis were expressed using beta coefficient values, odds ratios. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 12.Results: Two hundred patients records were reviewed. 121 patients (60%) were males and 79 (40%) were females. Mean age was 52.5 years ranging from 14 to 91 years. Forty-six patients underwent conservative treatment, 111 patients underwent debridement and 43 patients underwent amputation. Increasing age were the risk factor associated with mortality in non-diabetic soft tissue infections that were statistically significant.Conclusions: Non-diabetic soft tissue infections still lead to high mortality and morbidity despite the use of appropriate conservative treatment, aggressive debridement, resuscitation and amputation. In this series, there is high mortality associated with increasing age.
A comparison of Lichtenstein repair versus posterior wall repair plus mesh repair for direct inguinal hernias
Authors: Goel Anubhav , Bansal Ankur , Kumar Dipt , Pathak Abhishek
Published: December 2017

Background: Lichtenstein’s tension free mesh repair is the most commonly performed in open inguinal hernias. The present study was done by comparing Lichtenstein Repair (LR) v/s posterior wall repair (PR)+ Lichtenstein repair (LR) of direct Inguinal Hernias to compare the technique of both surgeries and its outcome like postoperative complications and recurrence rate.Methods: This study was conducted in SNMC Agra where patients of unilateral male direct inguinal hernia were included. A total of 60 patients were taken and divided into two groups (A and B) randomly of 30 each. In group A patients were operated by LR and in group B patients were operated by PR+LR and followed up for a period of six months. The outcomes of the both techniques were compared.Results: Mean age was 48.3 years in group A and 49.5 in group B. The mean duration of surgery for group A is around 29.34 min and group B is 46.28 min which was significant. The pain was not statistically significant in both groups on day 1 and 3. There was 1 (3.3%) recurrence in group A and no recurrence in group B. Post-operative complications were similar in both groups.Conclusions: LR+PR were comparatively better than only LR in all direct inguinal hernias because of low recurrence rate (0%).
A comparative study of open cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with cholelithiasis
Authors: Singh Pramod , Gupta Sumit Kumar , Kumar Mukesh
Published: December 2017

Background: Cholelithiasis is a major cause of morbidity among Indians with a female preponderance. Most of the cases of gallstones are asymptomatic. For a long time, open cholecystectomy (OC) used to be the surgical treatment for cholelithiasis. But with the advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) there has been a gradual shift in the treatment with most surgeons preferring LC over OC. Apart from the benefits of decreased hospital stay, lesser postoperative pain and earlier return to normal activity LC are also cosmetically better as compared to OC. Longer operative time and increased incidence of biliary leakage are some pitfalls of LC in initial phase of surgical practice.Methods: A prospective study of 100 patients was carried out in the department of surgery in IQ city medical college and Durgapur city hospital, Durgapur between January 2017 and August 2017 with the aim of comparing open cholecystectomy with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were randomly assigned into two groups. Group A consisted of patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery while Group B patients underwent open surgery for cholelithiasis.Results: Duration of surgery was longer in OC than LC (72.4min versus 44.7min.). Mean duration of post-operative pain was 18.3hrs in group A as compared to mean duration of 30.7hrs in group B patients. The mean period of post-operative hospital stay was 1.8 days in group A and 4.8 days in group B. Post-operative resumption of normal diet was possible in 2.1 days in OC while it took lesser time (1.2 days) in LC. The rate of surgical site infection was higher in OC as compared to LC.Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be recommended as first choice operative treatment for patients with cholelithiasis as it provides better cosmetic results, lesser pain, lesser post-operative hospital stay and fewer incidence of surgical site infection.
Deep venous thrombosis after major abdominal surgeries: a tertiary level centre study
Authors: Kuttanchettiyar Krishnakumar G. , Chisthi Meer M.
Published: December 2017

Background: Deep venous thrombo-embolism is a proven major complication in the postoperative setup among the western population. Hence specific guidelines exist on thrombo-prophylaxis for surgical patients. The limited number of studies available on the Indian patients do not provide conclusive data regarding the incidence of postoperative thrombo-embolism. Also, Indian patients are not routinely given prophylactic anticoagulants in many settings still now. In this research, we studied the incidence of deep venous thrombosis among patients who underwent major abdominal surgeries, over a period of 2 years.Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was done on patients who underwent any sort of major abdominal surgery from the surgical wards of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, for 2 years. This data was used to analyses the incidence of and factors related to postoperative deep venous thrombo-embolism.Results: We studied a total of 334 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among these patients, only 1.19% developed deep venous thrombosis during the post-operative period. Since no guidelines existed regarding the usage of thrombo-prophylaxis during that period, very few patients were found to have used any of the prophylactic measures.Conclusions: The incidence of postoperative deep venous thrombosis is not very high in the Indian population after major abdominal surgeries. This might be due to the relatively low prevalence of hyper-coagulable states in the community itself. As a corollary, routine chemical prophylaxis might be administered only in high risk patients. Other measures like early ambulation and mechanical prophylaxis might be used in patients with lesser risk.
Complicated appendicitis: experience from central region of Ghana
Authors: Rahman Ganiyu A. , Debrah Samuel A.
Published: December 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common surgical abdominal emergency. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence, presentation and immediate outcome of acute appendicitis in a new teaching hospital in Cape Coast.Methods: All patients who had surgery for acute appendicitis at the central regional Hospital, cape coast from 1st January 2011 to 25th October 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.Results: During the study period five hundred and four emergency surgical operations were performed. Abdominal emergency operations constituted 81.5% of these emergencies (411/504).  Seventy-seven patients who had appendicectomy during the period constituted 18.7% of all abdominal emergencies. Seventy-six of the patients had requisite details for analysis and form the basis of this study. Appendicitis was seen more in the second and third decades of life with male preponderance. Thirty-one (40.3%) had complicated appendicitis (perforated/ ruptured appendicitis and gangrenous appendix). Though appendicitis is uncommon in children less than ten years, more than 80% presented with complicated appendicitis. Only 6.6% of patients were 50 years and above and they all presented with complicated appendicitis. In male patient with appendicitis, 33.3% presented with complicated appendicitis while in females, 57.9% presented with complicated appendicitis. Two (2.6%) patients died in the immediate postoperative period.  Conclusions: About one out of five patients who had emergency abdominal surgical operation had acute appendicitis with 40% of them presenting with complicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis is more common in females, children less than 10 years and patients 50 years and above. Immediate postoperative mortality is associated with ruptured appendix.
Conventional incision and drainage versus incision and drainage with primary closure in acute abscess: a prospective study
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Singh Gurdhian , Sidhu Darsshan Singh , Bhalla Mohit
Published: December 2017

Background: An abscess is a common surgical condition. Abscesses may occur anywhere in the body. Surgical treatment of subcutaneous and soft tissue abscesses includes percutaneous aspiration, incision and drainage without primary closure, incision and drainage with primary closure with drain. The present study was planned to compare conventional method of incision and drainage with incision and drainage with primary closure in cases of acute -abscesses.Methods: A total of 100 patients with acute abscesses were included in the study and randomized into 2 groups with 50 patients in each group. The present study was carried out to compare the conventional method of incision and drainage with incision and drainage with primary closure of the wounds in acute abscesses with regards to wound healing, post- operative pain, duration of hospital stays and recurrence rates.Results: Wound healing was significantly faster in incision and drainage with primary closure (9.18±0.941days) as compared to conventional method of incision and drainage (16.66±1.944 days) [p <0.05]. Mean hospital stay with convention method of incision and drainage was 7.12±0.718 days and with primary closure was 4.0±0.728days (p <0.05). Mean VAS was significantly less in primary closure as compared with conventional method. Decreasing trend in VAS was observed on day 3, day 5 and day 7 (p value 0.000). Recurrence rate of an abscess was seen in 5 cases in conventional method and 2 cases in primary closure (p >0.05).Conclusions: Author have observed a significant difference noted in time taken for wound healing, postoperative pain, hospital stay and recurrence rate between two groups.
Liver biopsy in gall stone disease: a prospective study in patients undergoing cholecystectomy
Authors: Patel Gaurav , Jain Atul , Singh Malwinder , Garg Meenu , Karim Tanweer , Dey Subhajeet
Published: December 2017

Background: Cholelithiasis has affected mankind since many centuries. It not only affects the biliary tree but also has adverse effects on the hepatic parenchyma, which can get further complicated due to infected bile. Early intervention in these cases not only retards the unwanted effects but also prevents irreversible damage to liver. Aim of study was to see the effect of gallstone disease on liver in patients of GSD (Cholelithiasis, Chronic cholecystitis, CBD Stones).Methods: All patients being subjected for planned cholecystectomy were taken as subjects irrespective of age, sex and co-morbid conditions.Results: 90 patients were included in study and they were evaluated for secondary histopathological changes in liver.  Abnormal liver histology was seen in 40% of the cases, with portal tract inflammation being the commonest abnormality seen in 24.4% of patients followed by fatty change (17.8%), cholestasis (10%), lobular parenchymal infiltration (8.9%) and one (1.1%) patient had fibrosis. Choledocholithiasis was associated with a greater incidence of positive bile culture (60%) and greater incidence of abnormal liver histology (80%).Conclusions: Gall stone disease cause significant changes in liver histology and these changes are more common in those patients having long duration of symptoms. In patients of choledocholithiasis incidence of infected bile and liver histology changes are more as compared to cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis.
A study of surgical outcome of necrotizing pancreatitis
Authors: Tukaram Bhondave Suraj , Dash Niranjan , Thipse V. J. , Gadekar J. M.
Published: December 2017

Background: Increasing understanding and literature regarding the management of Necrotizing Pancreatitis has laid paths for surgical and conservative management. Although a conservative approach is increasingly used, this study depicts the importance of surgical management in today’s era. The objective was to evaluate the surgical role in patients of documented Necrotizing Pancreatitis, with or without organ failure and debilitating symptoms by putting conservative management on a complementary part.Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients were reviewed with Necrotizing Pancreatitis managed at DVVPF’s Medical college and hospital, Ahmednagar between January 1, 2014, and July 1, 2017 documented by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).Results: Out of sixteen patients of Necrotizing Pancreatitis recruited for the study, 13 (81%) patients were surgically managed; among which death rate was 7%. Of the other 3(19%) patients which were conservatively managed, there was 1 (33%) death. Patient who died while conservative management would have been candidate for earlier surgical intervention.Conclusions: The results suggest that surgical approach can be applied successfully to manage most patients with Necrotizing Pancreatitis, still further evaluation being required for indication and timing of surgery.
Brunner’s gland hyperplasia: a rare case report
Authors: V. Shruthi Kam , S. Rajesh , A. Akmal , S. Reshma
Published: December 2017

A rare case of Brunner’s gland hyperplasia mimicking duodenal malignancy is reported. A 21-year old man had a lesion in the second portion of the duodenum on endoscopy. The biopsy specimen suggested moderate and chronically active duodenitis. However, since the CT features strongly suggested malignancy, pyloroduodenotomy, excision of the lesion and Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty was performed. The final pathological diagnosis was Brunner’s gland hyperplasia.
ERCP stent as a nidus for CBD stone: post cholecystectomy status
Authors: Vinayaka . , Haridarshan S. J. , S. Venkatesh
Published: December 2017

Obstruction of common bile duct due to a ‘Forgotten stent’ causing stone formation is a rare entity, which is usually associated with cholangitis. A much rarer presentation is our case with an ERCP stent forming a nidus for stone formation in the common bile duct without any evidence of cholangitis or bile duct obstruction.  A 66-year-old female patient with a previous history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and common bile duct stenting done 2 years back presented with vague abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting without features of jaundice or cholangitis. She was diagnosed on imaging as a case of choledocholithiasis with two stents in the common bile duct. A failed ERCP to extract the stent and relieve obstruction necessitated open choledochotomy, stents removal, common bile duct clearance and choledochoduodenostomy. The rarity of this patient with an ERCP acting as a nidus for common bile duct stones without evidence of obstruction or cholangitis is something to be documented. Although rare, these complications must always be considered and considered a possibility due to which post-operative and post-endoscopic follow up, regular check-ups and timely removal of the stents is necessary to avoid unnecessary complications or a need for repeat procedures and surgery that results in greater morbidity.
Role of Reference Librarian in Public Relations Activity Role of Reference Librarian in Public Relations Activity in University Library
Authors: Saptaastuti Rikarda Ratih
Published: December 2017

The library cannot achieve its goals without cooperation with the internal and external public. Therefore, libraries need PR (public relations) in their efforts to achieve their goals. The activity of the university library is directly or indirectly related with the PR activity since it is the part of PR activities to promote the image and the use of the library. The implementation of public relations activities in libraries has actually been performed by reference librarians. Reference librarians can use a variety of printed and online media, or convey information directly related to library services to users. With the recent development of information technology, using online search tools to seek information is more preferable by users than asking the reference librarian. Though online information tracking tool to organize information is more sophisti- cated presenting for users, users will still need libraries and referral services to find relevant information, as there are things that are not provided by online services such as selection, organization, provision of access, interpretation of relevant information, which can only be done by reference librarians. Reference librarians perform their duties by serving users in providing answers to questions or guiding users, and by creating awareness that the services provided by the library help promote maximum utilization of the library. PR officers through reference librarians attempt to attract the users’ attention through the provision and dissemination of information, and to serve as well as a liaison between the libraries with the users. PR becomes a necessity in libraries as PR activities will drive library function effectively and help promote library services more optimally.
O perfil epidemiológico pode influenciar as características clínicas e malignas dos carcinomas orais e orofaríngeos?
Authors: Le Campion Anna Carolina Omena V. , Santos Karine de Cássia Batista dos , Santos Vanessa De Carla Batista dos , Ferreira Stefânia Jeronimo , Cavalcante Jairo Calado , Silva Larissa Tinô de Carvalho , Franco Aurea Valéria De Melo , Ferreira Sonia Maria Soares
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar possíveis associações entre as variáveis ??epidemiológicas do estudo e o estadiamento clínico e o grau de malignidade dos carcinomas espinocelulares (CECs) da cavidade oral e orofaringe, e avaliar se existe correlação entre os achados clínicos. estágio e grau histológico em CCEs. Material e Métodos: estudo retrospectivo analítico dos casos de CECs diagnosticados entre junho de 2005 e dezembro de 2013. Os dados dos prontuários e os achados histopatológicos dos pacientes maiores de 18 anos foram digitados em planilha Excel® e analisados ??pelo SPSS® 20, utilizando-se o chi-square e o Fisher's para analisar as variáveis. O nível de significância dos testes foi de 0,05. Resultados: os pacientes eram predominantemente negros, do sexo masculino, analfabetos, na sexta década de vida, residentes em cidades do interior e expostos ao tabaco e ao álcool. Houve também predomínio de lesões de língua em estágio avançado com malignidade de alto grau tratadas com radioterapia combinada e tratamento quimioterápico. Houve associação entre exposição ao álcool com estágio avançado ao diagnóstico (p = <0,001). Conclusão: a associação do consumo de álcool com lesões mais avançadas ao diagnóstico ressalta a necessidade de abordar os fatores de risco de forma mais enfática. Embora tenham sido observados fatores clássicos implicados no curso do CCE oral e orofaríngeo, é notável a alta frequência de pacientes analfabetos provenientes de cidades do interior, o que poderia dificultar o acesso aos serviços de saúde e contribuir para o atraso no diagnóstico e, assim, piorar o prognóstico.
Doença das glândulas salivares associada ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana
Authors: Caldas Daniele Manhães , Silva Jr Arley , Torres Sandra R.
Published: December 2017

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Desempenho morfofisiológico de cultivares de soja de ciclo médio em condições de alagamento do solo
Authors: Ludwig Marcos Paulo , Oliveira Sandro De , Schuch Luis Osmar Braga , Vernetti Junior Francisco Jesus , Seus Rogério , Lemes Elisa Souza
Published: December 2017

O aumento no cultivo de soja no Brasil têm atingido áreas antes utilizadas para outros fins, como em regiões de solos de várzea, estando assim, sujeita a eventuais alagamentos do solo. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar alterações morfofisiológicas em cultivares de soja de ciclo médio, em condições de alagamento do solo, nos estádios fenológicos vegetativo e reprodutivo para recomendação de cultivares. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Estação Experimental de Terras Baixas, da Embrapa Clima Temperado em Capão do Leão, RS. Foram aplicados três sistemas de manejo da água: condição normal de cultivo (sem alagamento), alagamento no período vegetativo (V3/V4) e alagamento no período reprodutivo (R2/R3). As avaliações realizadas durante o ciclo da cultura foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro da haste principal, índice do teor de clorofila, fenologia e número de nós nas hastes por planta. O alagamento do solo reduz o número de nós na haste principal, reduzindo a estatura das plantas, sendo os efeitos mais acentuados quando o alagamento ocorre no estádio vegetativo. Além disso, o alagamento do solo no período reprodutivo promove aumento do diâmetro da haste principal. O alagamento do solo causa retardamento de ocorrência dos estádios fenológicos, bem como do ciclo total das cultivares de soja.

Morphophysiological performance of medium cycle soybean cultivars under flooding
Abstract: The increase in soybean cultivation in Brazil has reached areas previously used for other purposes, such as in regions of lowland soils, thus being subject to possible soil flooding. This study aimed to evaluate morphophysiological changes in medium cycle soybean cultivars, under soil flooding conditions, in the vegetative and reproductive stages to recommend cultivars. The experiments were conducted at the Estação Experimental de Terras Baixas, EMBRAPA Clima Temperado in the Capão do Leão city, RS. Three water management systems were applied: normal cultivation condition (without flooding), flooding in the vegetative stage (V3 / V4) and flooding during the reproductive stage (R2 / R3). During the crop cycle, plant height, diameter of the main stem, chlorophyll content index, phenology and number of nodes in the stem per plant were collected. On the basis of the results this study, it can be concluded that he flooding reduces the number of nodes on the main stem, reducing plant height, with the most pronounced effects when flooding occurs in the vegetative stage. Furthermore, flooding the reproductive stage promotes increased diameter of the main stem. Flooding causes delay of occurrence of phenological stages and the total cycle of soybean cultivars.