bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Equitable Communication and Dissemination Model for Linking Culturally Diverse Communities to COVID-19 Services
Authors: Mack Dominic H. , Douglas Megan , Holiday Rhonda , Akintobi Tabia , Li Chaohua , Hopkins Jammie , Gaglioti Anne
Published: October 2024

In 2020, the Office of Minority Health (OMH) funded the establishment of the National COVID-19 Resiliency Network (NCRN) to engage priority communities that included African American, American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander persons to aggregate culturally relevant messages, education tools, and national data sources. A mobile application and Web site supported a culturally sensitive, equity-focused communication and dissemination initiative to link communities to COVID-19 clinical, social, and behavioral health services to address health determinants. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S9): S718–S722. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307813 )
Pengaruh Iklim Mikro dan Penggunaan Media Tanam yang Berbeda pada Pertumbuan Tanaman Melon Varietas Sweet Net
Authors: Wilujeng Elly Daru Ika , Pertami Rindha Rentina Darah , Salim Abdurrahman , Majidah Majidah
Published: October 2024

Melon are plants that are sensitive to environmental changes. Currently, developing technology for cultivating melons in greenhouses is used to modify the microclimate for the growth of melon plants. This research aims to determine the effect of microclimate and different types of planting media on growth response of sweet net variety melon plants that planted in the Politeknik Negeri Jember smart green house. The research was carried out in January – May 2024. The treatments tested consisted of two treatments, namely: the use of soil media+compos and cocopeat media which would be repeated 15 times. The parameters observed include microclimate (temperature and humidity) and also plant growth indicators including plant length and number of leaves, number of flowers, and potential weight of melon. The data obtained were analyzed using the T-test. The research results show that the microclimate inside the Politeknik Negeri Jember smart green house is still classified as an optimal microclimate to support the growth of melon plants. Apart from that, the use of cocopeat planting media was able to provide the best results for the length of the melon plants in the 4th to 6th week of observation, but there was no significant difference in the parameters of the number of leaves, number of flowers and potential weight of melon of. The use of cocopeat media and soil media are both good media in supporting the growth of melon plants in a greenhouse.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kubis (Brassica oleraceae L.)
Authors: Ramli Ramli , Arzad Fitri Hidayati
Published: October 2024

The use of organic and inorganic fertilizers is an alternative way to get good cabbage production, one of which is by using cow manure and NPK. This study aims to determine the good use of a combination of cow manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.). The research was carried out from October 2022 to January 2023. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK), namely with a combination of cow manure (PKS) and NPK fertilizer. With the following details: P0 = Control, P1 = PKS 200 g + NPK 5 g, P2 = PKS 400 g + NPK 10 g, P3 = PKS 600 g + NPK 15 g, P4 = PKS 800 g + NPK 20 g. The treatments were repeated 3 times so that there were 15 experimental units. Each experimental unit used 5 polybags and each polybag was planted with one plant so that the total cabbage plants used were 75 plants. The variables observed were leaf area, time of crop formation, crop weight, and crop volume and root volume. The results showed that the combination of cow manure and NPK fertilizer had a significant effect on the growth of leaf area, crop weight, and crop volume. However, it has not had a significant effect on the time of crop formation. Treatment of cow manure 800 g + NPK 20 g (P4) fertilizer increased crop weight and crop volume. Treatment of cow manure 400 g + NPK 10 g (P2) fertilizer increased cabbage leaf area.
Advancing Public Health: The Latin American Coalition for Escherichia coli Research
Authors: Torres Alfredo G.
Published: October 2024

The Latin American Coalition for Escherichia coli Research (LACER) is an interdisciplinary, collaborative initiative aimed at advancing the understanding of E. coli. LACER brings together researchers, scientists, and healthcare professionals from various Latin American countries, in order to foster cooperation, the exchange of knowledge, and innovative research aimed at tackling the challenges posed by E. coli infection. Through a collaborative approach, LACER members engage in joint research projects, data sharing and capacity building activities. By promoting scientific dialogue and fostering international collaboration, the coalition seeks to enhance the region’s research capabilities, bridge knowledge gaps, and provide evidence-based recommendations to policymakers and healthcare providers. LACER also plays a crucial role in raising awareness concerning E. coli infection, promoting educational and training programs, and advocating for improved surveillance systems and public health interventions. By actively involving stakeholders from academia, government agencies and the private sector, the coalition aims to promote a holistic approach to E. coli research and control in Latin America. Through its diverse membership and comprehensive approach, LACER strives to improve prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies, with the ultimate goal of mitigating the impact of E. coli on public health and agricultural systems in Latin America.
Climate change and infectious diseases in pediatric global health
Authors: Torres-Fernández David , Dalsuco Jessica , Bramugy Justina , Varo Rosauro , Bassat Quique
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the consequences of climate change on global health have drawn increasing attention. Climate change is known to trigger extreme weather events, alter rainfall patterns, raise ocean/sea levels, and disrupt ecosystems, resulting in devastating effects on human life and the environment. Children, especially those living in low-income countries, are particularly susceptible to climate change-related health risks. This article explores the implications of climate change on pediatric global health, particularly through its impact on infectious diseases. Infectious diseases, notably those transmitted by vectors like mosquitoes, are acutely sensitive to climate fluctuations. Warmer temperatures expand the geographic range of disease-carrying vectors, fostering the transmission and outbreak of diseases such as arboviral diseases (dengue, chikungunya, etc.), malaria, and other vector-borne infections. Climate-induced changes in water availability and food security heighten the risk of diarrheal diseases, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations like young children. HIV and other viral diseases are also influenced by climate change. As well as in tuberculosis, these diseases are strongly determined by socioeconomical factors; and poverty, poor housing, forced population movement, or health system disruptions driven by climate change exacerbate disease burden and hinder their effective epidemiological control. Moreover, new infectious diseases may emerge from adaptation of microorganisms to higher temperatures. For example, fungal infections pose a significant concern, particularly for immunocompromised children. Addressing the multifaceted challenges of climate change on infectious diseases and child health demands urgent action. Establishing robust disease surveillance systems, implementing public health interventions, and fostering international collaboration are crucial in mitigating the incoming threats.
Development of a digitalised complex intervention to promote activity of older people in rural areas: study protocol of a feasibility and pilot study
Authors: Beutner Katrin , Lamprecht Juliane , Roggendorf Sigrid , Aßmann Paula , Hübner Gundula , Steckelberg Anke , Schmidt Heike
Published: October 2024

Background
Age-related mobility limitations are associated with reduced activity and loss of participation, which can result in loneliness and depression. Physical activity programmes can help maintain the functional status and quality of life of older individuals, but they are rarely available and often difficult to reach, especially in rural areas. Digital assisted programmes have the potential, independent of place and time, to activate and promote physical function and social participation in older people. Therefore, this study aims (1) to develop a complex intervention comprising digital elements to promote physical activity, quality of life and participation in older people with impending or existing functional limitations and (2) to test the feasibility, acceptability and potential benefits of the developed intervention.
Methods
The development and piloting of the intervention follows the UK Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions. The intervention will be developed through participatory, co-creative processes that integrate the perspectives of all potentially relevant user groups, including older people, physiotherapists, general practitioners, and day care facilities in the participating regions. The developed intervention will be piloted using a consecutive control intervention group design with 60 older people (aged ≥ 65 years) in rural areas of Saxony-Anhalt who have existing or imminent mobility restrictions and have a medical prescription for physiotherapy. The primary feasibility outcomes will be recruitment rate, completion rate, acceptability and compliance with the study procedures and the intervention assessed by protocols, data analysis and interviews at 20-weeks follow-up. This will include evaluating adherence, utilization data, as well as identifying barriers and facilitators, using a mixed-methods design. The secondary patient-related outcomes will be physical function, physical activity, self-care, quality of life and participation measured at baseline and after 12 weeks.
Discussion
The study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a new intervention designed to promote physical activity and participation among older people living in rural areas. The pilot study will serve as a basis for an individual randomized trial to test the intervention's effectiveness. The results will inform the adaptation of the intervention to a prescribable healthcare approach.
Trial registration
DRKS, DRKS00031574. Registered on 5 May 2023, https//drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00031574
Selective inguinofemoral node dissection for stage III vulvar squamous cancer: feasibility and safety
Authors: Huang Yan , Wu Yong , Zhang Wei , Wu Xiaohua
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To assess the feasibility and outcomes of selective inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) in stage III vulvar squamous cancer.
Methods
This study was approved by the Committee of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Ninety-one patients with stage III vulvar squamous cancer between 3/2018 and 3/2021 were included in this study. Thirty-one patients chose radical excision with selective ILND while 60 patients received radical excision with complete ILND voluntarily. After surgery, all the patients received postoperative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). All the patients were invited to fill out two questionnaires: the EORTC QLQ-C30 and a vulvar specific questionnaire.
Results
The median follow-up time was 34 (16–50) months. There was no statistical difference in recurrence (p>0.05) or overall survival (p>0.05) in the two groups. Moreover, no difference in overall quality of life was observed between the two groups. The major difference was the increase in complaints of edema and body image after complete ILND.
Conclusions
Patients who underwent selective ILND reported less treatment related morbidity without affecting survival and overall quality of life compared to those who underwent complete ILND. Selective ILND may be a reasonable alternative for stage III vulvar squamous cancer in the future.
Efficient Transmission in Directional Cyber Networks through Vulnerability Evaluation using Deep Learning
Authors: Kumar Parasuraman , Anbarasan Anbarasa Kumar , Chinnappan Chandru Vignesh , J. Alfred Daniel , Shah Mohd Asif , Mallik Saurav
Published: October 2024

With the rise of cyber-physical power systems and the increasing threat of cyber-attacks, traditional power services face higher risks of compromise due to vulnerabilities in cyber communications that can lead to material damage. Therefore, adjustments need to be made to the current control scheme planning methods to mitigate the impact of potential attacks on service quality. This paper focuses on the service of synchronized source-load contribution in primary frequency regulation. A vulnerability study is conducted by modelling the attack intrusion process, and a risk assessment of the service is performed by further modelling the attack impacts on the service's physical components. Based on this, the traditional synchronized reserve allocation optimization model is adapted, and the allocation scheme is adjusted according to the impact of cyber-attacks. The proposed modification methods are validated by demonstrating their effectiveness in defending against cyber-attack impacts.
Increased matrix stiffness promotes fibrogenesis of hepatic stellate cells through AP-1-induced chromatin priming
Authors: Zhao Wenxue , Yuan Weihong , Dong Tian , Qi Wei , Feng Zhijie , Li Cheng , Sun Yujie
Published: October 2024

Matrix stiffness can have significant effects on cell behavior, regulating processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, and extracellular matrix production; however, less is known regarding the epigenomic and transcriptional regulation underling the effect of matrix stiffness on cell phenotypic shifts. In the present study, we utilized an in vitro system to assess the phenotypic shifts of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) following changes in matrix stiffness, in addition to integrating multi-omics with imaging and biochemical assays to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of mechanical stimuli on fibrosis. We show that cells cultured on a stiff matrix display more accessible chromatin sites, which consist of primed chromatin regions that become more accessible prior to the upregulation of nearby genes. These regions are enriched in fibrosis-associated genes that function in cytoskeletal organization and response to mechanical stimuli. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that activation of the AP-1 transcription factor family is responsible for chromatin priming, among which activated p-JUN is critical for the promotion of fibrogenic phenotypic shifts. The identified chromatin accessibility-dependent effect of matrix stiffness on cellular phenotypic shifts may be responsible for various fibrotic diseases and provide insight into intervening approaches.
Effects of starvation and subsequent re-feeding on moulting interval, growth increment and mortality in common brown shrimp (Crangon crangon)
Authors: Saathoff Merten , Temming Axel , Perger Robert
Published: October 2024

Specimen of the common brown shrimp, C. crangon, were deprived of food and subsequently re-fed under controlled conditions (17 ± 1.7°C, ad libitum feeding) in two sets of experimental runs (2008 and 2017), to investigate the effects of starvation with subsequent re-feeding on dry mass accumulation during intermoult period, mortality and growth. Mortality was negatively affected by starvation, and re-feeding was identified as particularly critical in animal survival, as over 90% of the observed mortality occurred after the onset of re-feeding. Starvation increased the moulting interval and decreased increments after moult, resulting in a shrinkage of up to 8% within 21 days. A correlation between weight loss during starvation and decrease in length was found. The comparison of dry weight conditions of starving animals and field samples suggested that shrinkage must be a more widespread phenomenon in C. crangon than previously assumed. Based on the observations, shrinkage could be identified as a physiological necessity after starvation. Accordingly, it could also occur in other crustacean species, in the cases where an individual’s dry mass is reduced due to starvation.
Relationship between serum homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels and cognitive function in patients with first-treated obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Ding Yanru , Lu Shihao , Wang Shaoxia , Wang Yanrong , Wu Chujun , Du Yunyun , Fang Jianqun
Published: October 2024

Background
The study aimed to investigate the correlation between HCY, vitamin B12, and folate levels and cognitive function in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Methods
Fifty patients with first-treated OCD and 50 matched healthy controls recruited during the same period were enrolled. Subjects were cognitively assessed using the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WCST) and The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) scales. Serum homocysteine was also measured by enzyme cycle assay, serum folate and vitamin B12 by ELISA. The Kruskal-Wallis test was then used to compare the differences in hematologic indices and cognitive functioning between the OCD and control groups, and Spearman correlation analyses were used to explore the relationship between hematologic indices and cognitive functioning. Mediating effects modeling was further introduced.
Results
Patients with first-treated OCD had extensive cognitive impairment compared with controls (P <0.05). Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels were significantly different compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Serum homocysteine levels were positively correlated with Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores and length of time spent on the Trail Making Test, and negatively correlated with verbal learning ability and emotional management ability. Folate levels were negatively correlated with Yale Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale scores and length of time spent on the Trail Making Test, and positively correlated with verbal learning ability and emotional management ability. No significant correlation was found with serum vitamin B12 levels. SPSS mediation effect model analysis showed that homocysteine level partially mediated the relationship between the degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and verbal learning ability, with a mediation effect value of -0.43, 95% CI [-0.58~-0.28], and serum folate level partially mediated the relationship between the degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the speed of information processing and verbal learning ability, with a mediation effect value of 1.78,95%CI[0.62 ~ 3.47];-0.11,95%CI[-0.21~-0.03].
Conclusions
Serum homocysteine levels are positively correlated with the degree of symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in patients with first-treated obsessive-compulsive disorder, and serum folate levels may be protective against cognitive alterations in patients with first-treated OCD. Symptom severity of OCD and serum homocysteine and folate levels together influence cognitive function.
Evaluating the Diagnostic Performance of GPT-4o in Glaucoma: A Comparative Study with Human Ophthalmologists
Authors: Zhang Junxiu , Ma Yao , Zhang Rong , Chen Yanhua , Rina Su , Ma Ke , Xu Mengyao
Published: October 2024

Background: Artificial intelligence, particularly large language models like GPT-4o, holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in healthcare. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of GPT-4o compared to human ophthalmologists in glaucoma cases.
Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care ophthalmology center. Twenty-six glaucoma cases, including both primary and secondary types, were selected from publicly available databases and institutional records. The cases were analyzed by GPT-4o and three ophthalmologists with varying levels of experience. The accuracy and completeness of primary and differential diagnoses were assessed using 10-point and 6-point Likert scales, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using nonparametric methods, including the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: GPT-4o was significantly less accurate in primary diagnosis compared to all ophthalmologists, particularly Doctor C, who had the highest accuracy. In terms of completeness, GPT-4o also ranked lower than the human experts. However, in differential diagnosis, GPT-4o showed comparable accuracy to Doctors A and C and excelled in completeness, outperforming two of the three ophthalmologists.
Conclusions: While GPT-4o demonstrates potential in generating comprehensive differential diagnoses, it lags behind human specialists in primary diagnosis accuracy and completeness. These findings suggest that GPT-4o could serve as a valuable adjunct in clinical practice, particularly in complex cases, but should not replace human expertise, especially for initial diagnoses. Future improvements in AI models could enhance their utility in ophthalmology and other specialized fields.
Association of Coagulation-Related Indicators with Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism Occurrence in Patients with Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Xiang Yi , Wu Ya , Liu Huan , Chen Zheng , Pan JinYu
Published: October 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of coagulation-related indicators on the incidence of VTE in patients undergoing pituitary tumor resection.
Methods: This study collected clinical data from 300 patients who underwent pituitary adenoma resection from January 2021 to August 2023 in the Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Clinical College of the Army Medical University, China. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify risk factors for VTE. Restricted cubic spline curves were used to characterize the dose-response relationship between coagulation-related indicators and the risk of venous thromboembolism. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the predictive power of coagulation-related indicators.
Results: Multivariate analysis showed that D-dimer, platelet count and hemoglobin (Hb) were significant predictors of VTE with OR (95%CI) of 1.967 (1.441-2.808), 1.020 (1.013-1.029), and 0.952 (0.914-0.994), respectively. The AUCs for D-dimer, Platelet Count, and Hb were 0.708, 0.731, and 0.712, respectively. The AUC for combining the three coagulation indices was the largest, 0.838.
Conclusions: The combined use of D-dimer, Hb, and platelet count can identify high-risk patients early, enabling timely implementation of antithrombotic strategies.
BRAF V600E Gene Testing Combined with Serum TSH, TGAb, and TPOAb Testing for the Diagnosis of Malignancy in TI-RADS 4 Nodules
Authors: Ying Yajun , zheng lin , Lin Yan
Published: October 2024

Background
To evaluate the diagnostic value of BRAF V600E gene testing combined with serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) testing for malignancy in Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) 4 nodules.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of patients who were diagnosed with TI-RADS 4 nodules via ultrasound examination during an outpatient or inpatient visit, who underwent BRAF V600E gene testing, and who had histopathological results from June 2020 to June 2022 at Taizhou Cancer Hospital. We compared the baseline characteristics, namely, age, sex, presence of lymph node metastasis, tumour size, cytological results, and BRAF V600E gene testing results, of the two patient groups according to their postoperative pathological results. Using postoperative pathology as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of serum TSH, TGAb, and TPOAb and BRAF V600E gene testing alone for diagnosing malignant TI-RADS 4 nodules and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. The four indicators were then combined to diagnose TI-RADS 4 nodule malignancy, and the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were calculated.
Results
Among 112 patients with TI-RADS 4 nodules, 89 had malignant nodules, and 23 had benign nodules. The proportions of patients with TI-RADS 4 nodules aged ≥ 50 years and aged < 50 years were 89.9% (71/79) and 54.5% (18/33), respectively (P = 0.000). The proportion of malignant TI-RADS 4 nodules > 1 cm was significantly greater (86.8% [33/38]) than that of nodules ≤ 1 cm (75.7% [56/74], P = 0.003). None of the benign modules were positive for the BRAF V600E gene mutation, but 73.0% of malignant nodules had this mutation (P = 0.000). Among patients with and without the BRAF V600E gene mutation, 30.8% and 12.8%, respectively, had cervical lymph node metastasis (P = 0.026). The sensitivity and specificity of BRAF V600E gene testing for diagnosing malignancy in TI-RADS 4 nodules were 100% and 48.94%, respectively. However, when the BRAF V600E gene was combined with the serum TSH, TGAb, and TPOAb levels, the specificity and AUC of the combined indicators were 100% and 0.891, respectively.
Conclusion
The combination of BRAF V600E gene testing and serum TSH, TPOAb, and TGAb testing has good clinical value for diagnosing malignancy in TI-RADS 4 nodules.
Exploring BIRC Family Genes as Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yu Xiao-xiang , Liu Yi , Mo Zeng-mi , Luo Rong-jiang , Chen Wen-kai
Published: October 2024

The potential oncogenic role of Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) Repeat-Containing (BIRC) genes in prostate cancer (PCa) has yet to be fully investigated. Two genes associated with disease recurrence, BIRC5 and BIRC7, were identified through survival analysis, and prostate cancer patients were categorized into two subtypes, C1 and C2, based on these genes. We performed survival analyses to assess the relationship between subtypes and the prognosis of PCa. Single-cell dataset analysis was used to identify specific cell types with enriched expression of BIRC family genes. Our findings demonstrate that BIRC5 and BIRC7 exhibit higher expression in PCa tissues compared to non-cancerous tissues. High expression of BIRC5 and BIRC7 independently correlates with an adverse prognosis in PCa. The analysis of mechanisms reveals that the differentially expressed genes impact signaling pathways associated with cancer and immunity. BIRC5/BIRC7 correlate with several immune cells infiltrating levels including T cells and macrophages. Furthermore, our research indicates that elevated expression of BIRC5 diminishes the efficacy of immunotherapy in PCa. These findings highlight the potential of BIRC5/BIRC7 or C1 subtype as prognostic biomarkers, offering new insights into viable targets for the development of therapeutic biomarkers and immunotherapeutic drugs for PCa.
Esophageal cancer due to dietary risk factors Deaths Trends Globally, Regionally, and Nationally, 1990-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Authors: Zhuang Yunying , Jiang Yang , Xu Baozhu , Chen Haiying , Huang Yongde , Sun Ruirui , Li Wenhui
Published: October 2024

Background
Esophageal cancer due to dietary risks (ECD) remains a global health challenge, with burden varying by dietary habits, tobacco and alcohol use. This study examines global, regional, and national ECD death trends from 1990 to 2021 using an age-period-cohort (APC) model to explore influences of aging, temporal changes, and generational shifts.
Methods
Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, encompassing 204 countries and territories, were analyzed. APC modeling was applied to assess crude and age-standardized death rates, alongside percentage changes from 1990 to 2021. Key metrics included net drift coefficients and relative death risks across age groups, periods, and cohorts.
Results
Global ECD cases decreased from 74,453.71 in 1990 to 56,939.09 in 2021, with an age-standardized death rate of 0.66 (95% CI: -0.14, 1.38) per 100,000 population. High SDI regions showed the highest overall ECD death rate (1.25, 95% CI: -0.27, 2.54 per 100,000), while low SDI regions exhibited the highest age-standardized death rate (1.48, 95% CI: -0.3, 2.88 per 100,000). India, China, USA, and Brazil reported the highest national ECD cases, with significant variations across age groups and regions.
Conclusion
A global decline in age-standardized ECD death rates is observed, especially in high-middle and middle SDI regions. Nonetheless, low SDI regions continue to experience higher rates, underscoring the need for enhanced public health interventions, including better healthcare access, early detection, and dietary modifications to reduce ECD deaths and address socioeconomic disparities.
An investigation of English academic writing strategies employed by Indonesian graduate students in a non-native English speaking environment
Authors: Subandowo Dedy , Sárdi Csilla , Thresia Fenny
Published: October 2024

This study investigates Indonesian graduate students' writing strategies for academic essay assignments at Hungarian universities. The aim is to understand the specific phases and strategies used during the writing process: pre-writing, writing, and post-writing. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected mainly through semi-structured interviews. Eleven Indonesian students from six universities in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics were involved in the study. The interviews were transcribed using the Web Speech API. Coding and theme classification were performed using ATLAS ti. The results indicate that the students utilize a total of sixteen stages and employ 89 strategies when completing their academic essays. During the pre-writing stage, the participants engage with five specific themes: planning, assigned essay topics, the provision of data sources, literature studies, and content structuring. During the writing stage, a total of eight phases were utilized. These included preparatory stages, research and information management, fulfilling the required length of the text, enhancing language to avoid repetition, improving content and language, revising content and language, ensuring academic integrity, and maintaining motivation throughout the writing process. In the post-writing stage, three phases were implemented, which involved receiving feedback and making revisions, conducting a final review, and completing post-submission tasks.
Enhancing Anesthesia Training: Integrating Visual Ultrasound and Case-Based Learning
Authors: Du Yan , Cen Jiangshan , Zheng Chenpeng , Hu Xiaoling
Published: October 2024

Background: Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks, which provide precise diagnosis and treatment, are critical for anesthesiologists to master. In particular, for beginners under anesthesia, proficiency in ultrasound is challenging.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the teaching effects of visual ultrasound combined with case-based learning and the traditional lecture method in anesthesia training for undergraduate interns.
Methods: Thirty anesthesia undergraduate interns from the Ultrasound Department at Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, trained from January 2022 to March 2024, were selected as participants. They were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=15), which received visual ultrasound instruction combined with case-based learning, and the control group (n=15), which received traditional teaching methods. The effects of the teaching methods were evaluated through a combination of theoretical exams, ultrasonic map recognition, and a multidimensional questionnaire. An independent sample t test was used for statistical analysis in this study.
Results: The experimental group demonstrated superior performance in theory assessment and ultrasonic map recognition results after training [(75.77±4.51) vs. (89.23±3.76) and (74.70±2.71) vs. (90.33±1.95)], indicating particular strengths (P<0.05). Additionally, course evaluation surveys indicated that teaching satisfaction was markedly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Integrating visual ultrasound with case-based learning significantly enhances both the teaching efficiency and practical clinical skills of students in anesthesia training.
Asthma is risk factor for complication after lung resection in older patients with non-small cell lung cancer associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective study
Authors: Iijima Yoshihito , Mizoguchi Takaki , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Motono Nozomu , Uramoto Hidetaka
Published: October 2024

Background
The risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients with lung cancer associated with COPD.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data from 153 older patients who underwent pulmonary surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer associated with COPD between 2009 and 2018. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of Clavien–Dindo classification grade ≥ 2 pulmonary complications. We examined their clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes. Differences between the groups were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify risk factors.
Results
Pulmonary complications occurred in 42 (27.5%) patients. The group with postoperative complications had significantly longer durations of chest tube use and hospital stay than the group without complications. No perioperative or hospital deaths occurred within 1 or 3 months. Univariate analysis identified coexisting asthma, anemia (hemoglobin < 12.2 g/dL), thoracotomy approach, prolonged operation time (> 220 min), pathological stage III, and fibrin glue use as risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications. Multivariate analysis confirmed coexisting asthma and fibrin glue use as significant risk factors.
Conclusions
Asthma is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications, particularly pneumonia, atelectasis, and sputum discharge disorder, and intraoperative fibrin glue use significantly reduced postoperative pulmonary complications, in our patient population. Surgical indications and postoperative care should be carefully considered in patients with asthma.
Transarterial embolization of anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistulas as a first-line approach: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Zhang Guanghao , Pang Miao , Duan Guoli , Li Zhe , Chen Rundong , Shang Chenghao , Zhang Yuhang , Huang Qinghai , Xu Yi , Li Qiang , Liu Jianmin
Published: October 2024

Background
Anterior cranial fossa (ACF) dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) present unique treatment challenges due to their complex angioarchitecture and high risk of hemorrhage. Recent advancements in endovascular techniques have highlighted the potential of transarterial embolization in managing these fistulas.
Objective
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes of transarterial embolization (TAE) as a first-line treatment for ACF DAVFs over a twenty-year period.
Methods
From March 2001 to September 2021, a total of 54 patients harboring ACF DAVFs underwent TAE as a first-line approach at our institution. The clinical presentation, angiographic features, procedure-related complications, clinical outcomes, and angiographic results were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
Among 54 ACF DAVF treated, there were 48 males and 6 females, with a mean age of 52.5 (52.5 ± 13.0) years. Intracranial hemorrhage (51.9%, 28/54) was the most common symptom. A total of 57 embolization attempts were performed. 83.3% achieved complete angiographic occlusion immediately post-TAE. The average hospital stay post-treatment was 10.4 days. Complications occurred in 3.7% of patients. 97.6% (41/42) experienced symptom improvement or stabilization during clinical follow-up. DSA follow-up showed that 85.0% (34/40) maintained complete fistula occlusion. Angiographic recurrence occurred in one (2.9%, 1/34,) patient without any symptoms.
Conclusions
TAE for ACF DAVFs demonstrates a high rate of complete occlusion with an acceptable safety profile. Further comparative studies with other treatment approaches are recommended to validate these findings.
Advancement in scanning magnetic microscopy utilizing high-sensitivity room-temperature TMR sensors for geological applications
Authors: Oda Hirokuni , Kumagai Seiji , Fujiwara Kosuke , Matsuzaki Hitoshi , Wagatsuma Hiroshi , Oogane Mikihiko , Kubota Hitoshi , Fukuyo Naoto , Tanimoto Akihiro
Published: October 2024

Scanning magnetic microscopes enable high-sensitivity mapping of magnetic fields in thin geological sections, facilitating submillimeter-to-submicrometer scale studies of paleomagnetism and rock magnetism. Magnetic fields of geological samples have been mapped using various sensors, including Hall-effect devices, magneto-impedance devices, superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), quantum diamond devices, and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) devices. This study proposes magnetic microscopy using high-sensitivity room-temperature TMR sensors developed for magnetocardiography. The goal was to create high-performance magnetic microscopes that do not require laborious techniques, such as cryogenic technology. An XYZ stage developed for a scanning SQUID microscope (SSM) was used to demonstrate and evaluate magnetic microscopy with TMR sensors. The original TMR sensors developed for biomagnetic sensing composed of serially connected TMR elements with a total length of 3 mm were shortened to 1 mm (Sensor #1) and 0.4 mm length (Sensor #2). Background measurements at 50 Hz show magnetic field sensitivities better than 200 nT/√Hz and 600 nT/√Hz at 1 Hz for Sensor #1 and Sensor #2, respectively. By averaging 10 points of the original 50 Hz sampling, magnetic field sensitivities are better than 30 nT/√Hz and 90 nT/√Hz at 1 Hz for Sensor #1 and Sensor #2, respectively. To demonstrate TMR sensors as magnetic microscopes, a vertically magnetized Hawaii basalt thin section was measured and compared with a SQUID-acquired magnetic field map. Magnetic scanning images obtained with TMR sensors on a 0.1 mm grid were compared with those of scanning SQUID microscope (SSM) after adjusting the lift-off by upward continuation and integrated along the length of the sensors. The results demonstrated that magnetic images for 1 mm-long (0.4 mm-long) sensors aligned along the y-axis and x-axis are consistent with those after upward continuation to 0.3 mm (0.25 mm) and 0.4 mm (0.25 mm) and convolution by 1×10 (1×4) and 10×1 (4×1) matrix, respectively. Overall, the high-sensitivity TMR sensors exhibited promising performance. Further improvements can be made by optimizing the sensors, preamplifiers, and measurement systems for magnetic microscopy to achieve an optimum target resolution.
Whether thoracic surgeon fatigue affects surgical quality?
Authors: Li Jun , Ge Yong , Liu Jingsong , Ma Tianyue , Xie Zexin , Zhou Xiaotong , Zhang Hao
Published: October 2024

Background
This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the one-day cumulative surgical time of the surgeon and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing thoracoscopic anatomical lung resections.
Methods
We define the daily cumulative surgical time for the first surgery on that day is zero, the daily cumulative surgical time for the second surgery is the single operation duration for the first surgery, the daily cumulative surgical time for the third surgery is the single operation duration for the first surgery plus the single operation duration for the second surgery, and so on. And if a certain value is less than the median of cumulative surgical time, the surgery is included in the 'shorter-duration surgery group'. Conversely, the surgery is included in the 'longer-duration surgery group'. In addition, we compared baseline data and used multifactorial logistic regression analysis to determine whether cumulative surgical time was a risk factor for single operation duration and complication rates.
Results
The multivariate logistic analysis showed that the single operation duration decreased with a decrease in the cumulative surgical time (odds ratio [OR], 0.644; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.435–0.955; P = 0.029). Moreover, the incidence of complications reduced when the single operation duration was less than 109 min (OR, 0.153; 95% CI, 0.074–0.318; P < 0.001). However, the cumulative surgical time was not associated with an increased incidence of complications (P = 0.069).
Conclusions
This study found that a long one-day cumulative surgical time of the surgeon is associated with prolonged single operation duration, no significant effect was observed on the complications. Furthermore, an increase in the single operation duration can lead to an increase in the incidence of complications.
Stress hyperglycemia is associated with early neurologic deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis without hemorrhagic transformation Running title: Stress hyperglycemia for END after intravenous thrombolysiss
Authors: Lei Junjie , Peng Yanfang , Li Wenbin , Chen Xiaofeng , Fan Qian , Liu Chenhao , Tang Chaogang , Luo Shijian , Mai Weihua , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2024

Background
This aimed to elucidate the impact of stress hyperglycemia on early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute non-cardiogenic cerebral infarction who did not experience hemorrhagic transformation following intravenous thrombolysis to identify risk factors associated with END.
Methods
This retrospective case-control study analyzed data from consecutive patients who received intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) without hemorrhagic transformation at the Stroke Center of The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to February 2023. END was defined as an increase of more than 2 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) within 7 days of admission.
Results
A total of 250 patients (56 males, 22.4%) were included, with a mean age of 63.34 ± 12.90 years. Of them, 41 were classified into the END group and 209 into the non-END group. Stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) demonstrated a significant correlation with END (r=-0.003, P = 0.003). HbA1c (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.481–0.921) and SHR (OR = 0.00, 95% CI: 0.0-0.051) were independently associated with END. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that SHR had a sensitivity of 79.9%, specificity of 88.8%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.857 for predicting END.
Conclusions
SHR was significantly associated with END in patients with acute non-cardioembolic cerebral infarction who did not undergo hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis
Inpatient Opioid Utilization After Robot-assisted versus Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Fair Lucas , Kruger Jessica , Waddimba Anthony , Baker Bailey , Ogola Gerald , Davis Daniel
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Robotic platforms are increasingly utilized in bariatric surgery to overcome technical limitations of traditional laparoscopy. However, the impact of robotics on postoperative pain control is not fully understood. The present study aimed to compare pain control outcomes following primary bariatric surgery performed via robot-assisted approaches versus conventional laparoscopy.
Methods: This was an IRB-approved retrospective investigation of all adults who underwent primary bariatric surgeries at a single institution from August 2016 to January 2019. Multivariable generalized linear and ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to test predictive associations of the (robotic vs laparoscopic) surgical technique with post-operative, in-hospital opioids consumption and pain intensity ratings, independent of co-varying risk factors.
Results: A total of 340 patients (201 undergoing robotic, 139 laparoscopic procedures) were included in the study. Baseline preoperative characteristics were similar between comparison groups, except mean BMI was significantly higher among robotic surgery recipients (47.7 vs 44.0 kg/m2; p<0.001). Postoperative in-hospital opioid consumption did not significantly differ among recipients of robotic versus laparoscopic bariatric surgery. No difference was detected between comparison cohorts in total inpatient opioid use (p=0.300), opioid use in PACU (p=0.977), nor average opioid use per inpatient day (p=0.178). Similarly, in multivariable ordinal logistic regression models of postoperative day 0 and postoperative day 1 pain ratings, perceived pain intensity was not significantly higher following robotic versus laparoscopic primary bariatric surgeries, after accounting for other risk factors.
Conclusion: Compared to conventional laparoscopy, robotic primary bariatric procedures did not independently increase post-operative, in-hospital opioid utilization nor pain intensity.
Micellar Therapy: Acute Treatment with Carvedilol and Curcumin Micelles in SHR for Hypertension Management
Authors: Plantamura Yanina Alejandra Santander , Allo Miguel , Riedel Jennifer , Fuentes Pedro , Riesco Ana Sol , Carranza Andrea , Höcht Christian , Chiappetta Diego , Gorzalczany Susana
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, requiring innovative therapeutic strategies. This project explores a nano-pharmaceutical approach to enhance the efficacy of cardiovascular drugs, focusing on carvedilol and curcumin. These agents, known for their potential cardiovascular benefits, are encapsulated within Soluplus® micelles to form a novel drug delivery system. The nanomicelles were meticulously characterized for drug loading, size distribution, and morphological features. The release patterns of carvedilol and curcumin were investigated, revealing sustained and controlled release profiles. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of the micellar formulation was evaluated, demonstrating the preservation of curcumin's antioxidative properties. In vivo studies using spontaneously hypertensive male rats explored the pharmacokinetics and hemodynamic effects of the nanomicellar system. The results indicated successful encapsulation of both drugs without altering their plasma profiles. Furthermore, the administration of carvedilol and curcumin micelles exhibited a more significant reduction in mean arterial pressure compared to individual drug administration, suggesting a potential synergistic effect. In conclusion, this nano-pharmaceutical approach offers a promising avenue for cardiovascular therapy, providing a platform for combined drug delivery and potential synergistic effects. The optimized formulation could lead to improved patient outcomes and enhanced cardiovascular health.