bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Profiles of Brain and Pulmonary Metastatic Disease in Cancer of Unknown Primary
Authors: Bakow Brianna R. , Elco Christopher P. , LeGolvan Mark , Dizon Don , Ollila Thomas A.
Published: April 2020

Cancers of unknown primary (CUP) are histologically confirmed malignancies but for which further investigation cannot identify a primary site. Improvements in histopathologic modalities for diagnosis have lessened the frequency of CUPs to 3%–5% of all malignancies compared with historical estimates of 5%–10%. Despite this, there is an ongoing debate as to whether CUPs are malignancies where the primary is not found or if they are otherwise a fully separate entity. Improvements in molecular analysis holds promise for improved identification and treatment of CUPs with mixed preliminary results. Here we present a woman with CUP and metastases in her brain and lung. We performed genomic profiling to compare the molecular makeup of each site in order to establish treatment targets.

Key Points

Cancer of unknown primary remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Molecular analysis may provide improvements in diagnosis and novel treatment options. Different sites of metastatic disease have subtle variations in molecular profile. Sequencing of different sites may offer therapeutic options that are either already approved or available in clinical trial.
Meriç Nehri Balık Faunasının Güncel Durumu ve Yabancı Türlerin Yerli Türler Üzerindeki Olası Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: İLHAN Ali , SARI Hasan , KURTUL Irmak , AKÇALI Miraç
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, suları Türkiye, Bulgaristan ve Yunanistan topraklarına yayılmış olan Meriç Nehri’nin sahip olduğu güncel balık faunasının bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yabancı balık türlerinin, Türkiye'ye olası yayılımları ve bu durumda türlerin yerel balık faunasına olası etkileri, yapılmış önceki çalışmaların incelenmesi yolu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Avrupa’nın güneydoğusunda bulunan ve Ege Denizi’ne dökülmekte olan Meriç Nehri’nden günümüze dek 71 balık türü bildirilmiştir. Türlerin 42’i nehir sistemi için yerli türler iken, 20’si ise yabancı türlerdir. Nehir sistemindeki 9 türün ise durumunun şüpheli olduğu ifade edilmektedir.
The Effects of Different Stunning Techniques on Blood Biochemistry of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta fario)
Authors: ATAMANALP Muhammed , GENÇ Murat , ALAK Gonca , SABUNCUOĞLU Nilüfer , KOCAMAN Esat Mahmut , ÇOBAN Ömer , ÖZKAN Asuman , CEYLAN Ziya Gökalp
Published: April 2020

In this study, physiological responses of brook trout (Salmo trutta fario) were researched after the different stunning methods with biochemical enzymes. Icy water, electroshock, CO2, hypoxia, and head hitting were tried as stunning techniques to 75 fish and the alterations in the blood biochemistry parameters were analyzed. Alkaline phosphates (ALP), and amylase (AMS) were found as not statistically important, but alanine transaminases (ALT), aspartate transaminases (AST), creatin chitinase (CK), CK-MB (one of the CK isoenzymes), gamma glutamil transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were important (p<0.05). According to these results, the different stunning techniques affected the stress levels and physiological situations of brook trout. The study findings showed that killing techniques resulting in a shorter period were more suitable for animal welfare.
Перспективы развития рынка авиационных услуг в европейском регионе
Authors: Удовиченко Александр Иванович , Куцов Артем Владимирович
Published: April 2020

Цель : исследование бизнес-стратегий ведущих европейских игроков в сфере авиационных грузопассажирских перевозок, определение наиболее успешных моделей управления и руководства холдингами, выявление факторов, препятствующих и замедляющих развитие конкурентной среды. Обсуждение : мировой финансовый кризис 2008 года в значительной мере изменил ландшафт рынка авиационных услуг на территории европейского пространства. Игроки, оказавшиеся не готовыми к колебаниям на фоне усилившихся финансовых потерь, покинули рынок; относительно устойчивые корпорации были вынуждены в значительной мере пересмотреть стратегии управления бизнесом. На этом фоне дополнительными факторами негативного характера для компаний, действующих в исследуемой сфере, стали единая политика Евросоюза по предотвращению, в том числе картельных сговоров, а также структурированные требования профсоюзных организаций по соблюдению уровня заработных плат, режима труда и отдыха и т.д. Информационной базой анализа послужили официальные документы единого европейского регулятора, ежегодные отчеты ключевых европейских игроков в сфере грузопассажирских перевозок – «Air France – KLM» и «Lufthansa Aviation Group», дорожные карты и стратегии развития предприятий, основанные на соответствующих SWOTанализах. Результаты : внутрикорпоративные SWOT-анализы ведущих игроков авиационной промышленности позволили выделить сильные/ слабые стороны в рамках действующих бизнес-моделей, определить ключевые угрозы финансового плана и сегментировать условия, способствующие устойчивому развитию холдингов в среднесрочной перспективе.
Реструктуризация промышленной системы российской федерации: проблемы и возможности
Authors: Стрижакова Екатерина Никитична , Симонцев Игорь Николаевич
Published: April 2020

Цель : статья посвящена процессу реструктуризации промышленной системы в Российской Федерации. Обсуждение : российские компании постоянно сталкиваются с все новыми и новыми проблемами, в т. ч. технологическим отставанием и глобальной конкуренцией, которые являются причиной необходимости новой волны реструктуризации. В таких условиях можно и нужно говорить об актуальности научного осмысления и пересмотра проблем реструктуризации. Результаты : авторы раскрыли сущность реструктуризации промышленной системы, привели различные существующие в литературе определения данного термина, систематизировали этапы реструктуризации в предыдущие периоды, проанализировали существующий опыт промышленного предприятия, на котором эффективно используются все виды ресурсов в процессе производства инновационной продукции. В результате данного исследования были выделены приоритетные пути и направления изменения структуры промышленности страны.
Detection of SARS-Cov2 Without High Demand Reagents (Singleplex Assays) v1
Authors: Patterson Joseph , Cole-Strauss Allyson , Beck John , Sortwell Caryl , Lipton Jack
Published: April 2020

In the United States, access to testing for the novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) is severely limited. Arguably, the PCR based tests are the most reliable when it comes to detecting the virus. Critical reagents for these tests, however, are in short supply. Our group has worked to identify and test alternative reagents and supplies that are not in high demand by clinical labs. We have adapted a more traditional approach to isolating RNA does not use a kit. RNA isolated can be used in traditional quantitative PCR or droplet digital PCR, which has been shown to be ~500 times more sensitive.
Isolation of SARS-Cov2 RNA from Humans Without High Demand Reagents v1
Authors: Patterson Joseph , Cole-Strauss Allyson , Beck John , Sortwell Caryl , Lipton Jack
Published: April 2020

Viral RNA isolation kits used in PCR based tests for the novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov2) are in short supply. Our group sought to identify a method to isolate viral RNA without the use of a kit or other supplies in high demand by clinical labs. Using a TRIzol based RNA extraction, followed by a glycogen precipitation, we are able to isolate a sufficient quality and quantity of RNA for quantitative PCR, and/or droplet digital PCR. This method has been confirmed to work as well as a viral RNA isolation kit, shown to work with SARS-Cov2 RNA-spiked into human samples, and in detecting SARS-Cov2 in known positive cases of COVID-19.
Emotional affection on a sustained attention task: the importance the aging process and depression. v1
Authors: Pinel Luis , A. Perez-Nieto Miguel , Redondo Marta , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Luis , Gordillo Fernando , L. Mateos Leticia
Published: April 2020

This protocol includes the database used in this study. You will find more details about how it was used and the results of the study in the published article.
Associations of antithrombotic agent use with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with troponin I elevation in the absence of acute coronary syndrome v1
Authors: Tsai Chuan-Tsai , Lu Ya-Wen , Chou Ruey-Hsing , Tsai Yi-Lin , Kuo Ming-Ren , Guo Jiun-Yu , Lu Chi-Ting , Kuo Chin-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun
Published: April 2020

Abstract Introduction: To evaluate efficacy of antithrombotic agents in critically ill patients with elevated troponin I level during intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods and results: It was a retrospective observational study which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. All patients hospitalized in ICU for >3 days and with available serum troponin I data from December 2015 to July 2017 were included. Patients with definite diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were excluded. We divided patients with troponin I elevation into three groups; no prescription, chronic prescription and new prescription of antithrombotic agents during ICU admission. We defined new prescription when patients were on antithrombotic agents, including antiplatelet agents, direct oral anticoagulants, and warfarin after troponin I was found to be elevated at ICU admission and chronic prescription, if antithrombotic agents were on medication list more than 30 days before ICU admission. Primary outcomes were 30-day and one-year all-cause mortality. Of 597 subjects who met inclusion criteria, 407 (68%) patients had elevated troponin I (>0.1 ng/mL) on ICU admission. These patients had increased 30-day [hazard ratio (HR), 1.679; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.132–2.491; p = 0.009] and one-year (HR, 1.568; 95% CI, 1.180–2.083; p = 0.002) all-cause mortality compared with those without elevated troponin I. In patients with elevated troponin I, there was no significant difference of 30-day all-cause mortality among three groups (p = 0.051) whereas patients on chronic prescription showed significant survival benefit in one-year all-cause mortality when compared to those without or with new prescription (p= 0.008). Conclusions: In critically ill patients, elevated troponin I in the absence of AMI was associated with poor prognosis. Newly prescribed antithrombotic agents in ICU didn’t reveal the difference in short and long-term prognosis while chronic antithrombotic agent use was associated with better one-year survival rate, suggesting that these drugs play a protective role in this high-risk population. Keywords: critically ill patient, troponin I elevation, antithrombotic agent, intensive care unit
Associations of antithrombotic agent use with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with troponin I elevation in the absence of acute coronary syndrome v1
Authors: Tsai Chuan-Tsai , Lu Ya-Wen , Chou Ruey-Hsing , Tsai Yi-Lin , Kuo Ming-Ren , Guo Jiun-Yu , Lu Chi-Ting , Kuo Chin-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun
Published: April 2020

Introduction: To evaluate efficacy of antithrombotic agents in critically ill patients with elevated troponin I level during intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods and results: It was a retrospective observational study which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. All patients hospitalized in ICU for >3 days and with available serum troponin I data from December 2015 to July 2017 were included. Patients with definite diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were excluded. We divided patients with troponin I elevation into three groups; no prescription, chronic prescription and new prescription of antithrombotic agents during ICU admission. We defined new prescription when patients were on antithrombotic agents, including antiplatelet agents, direct oral anticoagulants, and warfarin after troponin I was found to be elevated at ICU admission and chronic prescription, if antithrombotic agents were on medication list more than 30 days before ICU admission. Primary outcomes were 30-day and one-year all-cause mortality. Of 597 subjects who met inclusion criteria, 407 (68%) patients had elevated troponin I (>0.1 ng/mL) on ICU admission. These patients had increased 30-day [hazard ratio (HR), 1.679; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.132–2.491; p = 0.009] and one-year (HR, 1.568; 95% CI, 1.180–2.083; p = 0.002) all-cause mortality compared with those without elevated troponin I. In patients with elevated troponin I, there was no significant difference of 30-day all-cause mortality among three groups (p = 0.051) whereas patients on chronic prescription showed significant survival benefit in one-year all-cause mortality when compared to those without or with new prescription (p= 0.008). Conclusions: In critically ill patients, elevated troponin I in the absence of AMI was associated with poor prognosis. Newly prescribed antithrombotic agents in ICU didn’t reveal the difference in short and long-term prognosis while chronic antithrombotic agent use was associated with better one-year survival rate, suggesting that these drugs play a protective role in this high-risk population.
Associations of antithrombotic agent use with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with troponin I elevation in the absence of acute coronary syndrome (Table 2)T v1
Authors: Tsai Chuan-Tsai , Lu Ya-Wen , Chou Ruey-Hsing , Tsai Yi-Lin , Kuo Ming-Ren , Guo Jiun-Yu , Lu Chi-Ting , Kuo Chin-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun
Published: April 2020

Abstract Introduction: To evaluate efficacy of antithrombotic agents in critically ill patients with elevated troponin I level during intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods and results: It was a retrospective observational study which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. All patients hospitalized in ICU for >3 days and with available serum troponin I data from December 2015 to July 2017 were included. Patients with definite diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were excluded. We divided patients with troponin I elevation into three groups; no prescription, chronic prescription and new prescription of antithrombotic agents during ICU admission. We defined new prescription when patients were on antithrombotic agents, including antiplatelet agents, direct oral anticoagulants, and warfarin after troponin I was found to be elevated at ICU admission and chronic prescription, if antithrombotic agents were on medication list more than 30 days before ICU admission. Primary outcomes were 30-day and one-year all-cause mortality. Of 597 subjects who met inclusion criteria, 407 (68%) patients had elevated troponin I (>0.1 ng/mL) on ICU admission. These patients had increased 30-day [hazard ratio (HR), 1.679; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.132–2.491; p = 0.009] and one-year (HR, 1.568; 95% CI, 1.180–2.083; p = 0.002) all-cause mortality compared with those without elevated troponin I. In patients with elevated troponin I, there was no significant difference of 30-day all-cause mortality among three groups (p = 0.051) whereas patients on chronic prescription showed significant survival benefit in one-year all-cause mortality when compared to those without or with new prescription (p= 0.008). Conclusions: In critically ill patients, elevated troponin I in the absence of AMI was associated with poor prognosis. Newly prescribed antithrombotic agents in ICU didn’t reveal the difference in short and long-term prognosis while chronic antithrombotic agent use was associated with better one-year survival rate, suggesting that these drugs play a protective role in this high-risk population.
Associations of antithrombotic agent use with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with troponin I elevation in the absence of acute coronary syndrome (Figure 2) v1
Authors: Tsai Chuan-Tsai , Lu Ya-Wen , Chou Ruey-Hsing , Tsai Yi-Lin , Kuo Ming-Ren , Guo Jiun-Yu , Lu Chi-Ting , Kuo Chin-Sung , Huang Po-Hsun
Published: April 2020

Introduction: To evaluate efficacy of antithrombotic agents in critically ill patients with elevated troponin I level during intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods and results: It was a retrospective observational study which was conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. All patients hospitalized in ICU for >3 days and with available serum troponin I data from December 2015 to July 2017 were included. Patients with definite diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were excluded. We divided patients with troponin I elevation into three groups; no prescription, chronic prescription and new prescription of antithrombotic agents during ICU admission. We defined new prescription when patients were on antithrombotic agents, including antiplatelet agents, direct oral anticoagulants, and warfarin after troponin I was found to be elevated at ICU admission and chronic prescription, if antithrombotic agents were on medication list more than 30 days before ICU admission. Primary outcomes were 30-day and one-year all-cause mortality. Of 597 subjects who met inclusion criteria, 407 (68%) patients had elevated troponin I (>0.1 ng/mL) on ICU admission. These patients had increased 30-day [hazard ratio (HR), 1.679; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.132–2.491; p = 0.009] and one-year (HR, 1.568; 95% CI, 1.180–2.083; p = 0.002) all-cause mortality compared with those without elevated troponin I. In patients with elevated troponin I, there was no significant difference of 30-day all-cause mortality among three groups (p = 0.051) whereas patients on chronic prescription showed significant survival benefit in one-year all-cause mortality when compared to those without or with new prescription (p= 0.008). Conclusions: In critically ill patients, elevated troponin I in the absence of AMI was associated with poor prognosis. Newly prescribed antithrombotic agents in ICU didn’t reveal the difference in short and long-term prognosis while chronic antithrombotic agent use was associated with better one-year survival rate, suggesting that these drugs play a protective role in this high-risk population.
ICHD 3 criteria: Is it useful to differentiate primary vs non primary headaches in pregnant women? v1
Authors: Vega Edwin
Published: April 2020

ICHD 3 criteria: Is it useful to differentiate primary vs non primary headaches in pregnant women ? Abstract Objectives Headache during pregnancy represents a clinical challenge. Limitations to diagnostic methods and medications due to the risk of teratogenicity highlight the importance of a clinical approach to identify the correct etiology along with the best therapeutic intervention. This study seeks to determine the main etiologies, predictors, and usefulness of ICHD 3 B criteria to differentiate primary from non-primary headaches in pregnant women at the ER. Patients and methods Cross-sectional study comparing the prevalence of patients fulfilling ICHD3B criteria, associated symptoms, history of headache and demographic features between primary vs non-primary headaches. Results Headache was responsible for 142 (4.8%) out of 2952 admissions. Median age was 25.4 years, IQR (25%-75%): 23-28, range 13-43. Primary, non-primary, and unclassified headaches were 66,9%, 27,4%, and 5,6% respectively. Migraine and headache associated with hypertensive disorders were the most frequent etiologies for primary and non-primary groups 91.6% and 31.4% respectively. Factors associated with primary headaches were: fulfilling the ICHD3B Criteria OR:23.5, (IC95%12.5-34.5) p<0.001; history of migraine OR 2.85 (IC 95% 1.18-5.94) p:0.013; history of similar episodes OR6.4 (IC 95% 2.78-14.0) p <0,001; and, description of phosphenes OR:4.2 (IC 95% 1,5-11,68) p:0.02. Factors associated with non-primary etiologies were: fever (OR12.8 IC 95%1,38-119) p:0.016; median blood pressure over 106.6 (OR:2.6 IC 95%1.7-3.5) p:0.03 Conclusion In this study ICHD 3 criteria is a useful tool differentiate primary from non-primary headaches.This observation is also valid for history of migraine, similar episodes, phosphenes, fever and high blood pressure.
The Level of Student Literacy Towards The Sharia Cooperatives
Authors: Marlina Ropi , Juliana Juliana
Published: April 2020

Abstract.     This article is motivated by the wrong perception of the understanding and knowledge of Islamic cooperatives. The purpose of this study is to find out the level of student literacy in Islamic cooperatives. The method used is quantitative descriptive method. The number of research samples amounted to 70 active students of the Indonesian Education University representing each faculty. The results showed that students did not fully understand the development agreement used in Islamic cooperatives that is included in thecontract syirkah. However, in general students' literacy toward usury and the compatibility of Islamic cooperatives with Islamic principles is largely understood. The implication of this research shows that there is a need to increase literacy to students as younger generation more specifically about the existing contractual agreements in Islamic cooperatives. Keywords.    Sharia Banking, Sharia Cooperative, Syirkah, Student Literacy
Victimological Aspects of the Development of Restorative Mediation Practices in a Multicultural Society: Problems, Needs, Development Prospects
Authors: Andronnikova Olga O. , Radzikhovskaya Olga E.
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the difference between victimization tension in a multicultural and multicultural society. The authors determine a characteristic of the current state of development of society and indicate the consequences of transition, globalization and geopolitical changes. The problems of education arising in a multicultural environment are highlighted. The analysis of the effectiveness of using the restorative approach of school mediation services in Russia and abroad is presented. The article provides an analysis of victimization of Russian society, which determines the main zones of victimization arising as a result of geopolitical and migration processes. Six main territories that are vulnerable from the point of view of the emergence of a multicultural environment were identified. Communities with victim motivational and fundamental characteristics aimed at preserving identity without the exchange of cultural patterns are described. It is indicated that for educational purposes in territories with multicultural tendencies, the educational type of mediation is the most interesting
A Recursive Algorithm for Estimating the Correlation Matrix of the Interference Based on the QR Decomposition
Authors: Tyapkin Valery N. , Dmitriev Dmitry D. , Gladyshev Andrey B. , Zverev Peter Yu.
Published: April 2020

Many tasks of digital signal processing require the implementation of matrix operations in real time. These are operations of matrix inversion or solving systems of linear algebraic or dif- ferential equations (Kalman filter). The transition to the implementation of digital signal processing on programmable logic device (FPGAs), as a rule, involves calculations based on the representation of numbers with a fixed point. This makes solving spatio-temporal processing problems practically im- possible based on conventional computational methods. The article discusses the implementation of spatial-temporal signal processing algorithms in satellite broadband systems using QR decomposition. The technologies of CORDIC computations required for recurrent QR decomposition when used together in systolic algorithms are presented
Matematik Öğrenmede Güçlük Yaşayan İlkokul Öğrencilerinin 1. ve 4. Sınıftaki Süreçlerine İlişkin Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Görüşleri
Authors: FIRAT Tahsin , ERDEM Emrullah
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmada, matematik öğrenmede güçlük yaşayan öğrencilerin ilkokul birinci ve dördüncü sınıfta ne tür güçlükler yaşadıkları sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerine göre incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Türkiye’deki bir il merkezindeki okullarda görev yapan 47 sınıf öğretmeninin katılımıyla yürütülmüştür. Veriler, beş sorudan oluşan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler, 1. sınıfta matematik öğrenmede güçlük yaşayan öğrencilerin %62,5’inin 4. sınıfta da güçlük yaşamaya devam ettiğini göstermiştir. Bu öğrencilerin 1. sınıfta ritmik saymada, bazı kavramları öğrenmede, problem çözmede, sayı bilgisinde ve karşılaştırma yapmada zorluk yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. 4. sınıfta ise ritmik saymada, bazı kavramları öğrenmede, işlem bilgisinde, problem çözmede, bellekle ilgili ve duyuşsal alanda güçlük yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, 1. sınıfta okuma ve sayı bilgisi kaynaklı eksiklik, 4. sınıfta ilerleyerek okuduğunu anlama ve problem çözmedeki yetersizlik olarak kendini göstermiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin 1. sınıfta duyuşsal alanlarda güçlük yaşamadıkları ancak 4. sınıfta matematik kaygısına sahip oldukları ve motivasyon problemi yaşadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır.
Eğitim Fakültelerinde Görev Yapan Öğretim Elemanlarının Güncel Teknolojilere İlişkin Farkındalıkları ve Yararlanma Durumları
Authors: YETİK Serap , AKYÜZ Halil İbrahim , BARDAKCI Salih
Published: April 2020

QR kod, robotik, sanal ya da artırılmış gerçeklik gibi yeni teknolojiler öğretim ortamları için pek çok farklı alternatifi de beraberinde getirmektedir. Mobil teknolojilerle birlikte daha da yaygınlaşan bu uygulamalar; öğretme-öğrenme süreçlerinde çeşitlilik ve etkililiği arttırmanın yanı sıra, çoklu bakış açıları ve nitelikli ortaklaşalık becerileri gibi bilgi toplumu yetilerinin gelişimine de katkı sağlayabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, öğretmen eğitimi sürecinde de gerek bilgi toplumu becerileri ekseninde bir yenileşme sağlamak gerekse öğretmen adaylarına sınıf içi süreçlerde yeni teknolojileri işe koşmaya dönük beceriler kazandırmak için önemli bileşenler haline gelmektedir. Araştırma bu bakışla, eğitim fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan öğretim üyelerinin yeni teknolojilere ilişkin farkındalıkları ve bunlardan öğretmen eğitiminde yararlanmaya ilişkin düşüncelerine odaklanmaktadır. Nitel-betimsel bir desende yürütülen araştırmanın verileri Türkiye’de üç devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan 25 katılımcıdan, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış bir “Öğretim Üyesi Görüşme Formu” aracılığıyla elde edilmiş ve içerik analizleriyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, eğitim fakültesi öğretim üyelerinin yeni teknolojilere ilişkin farkındalıklarının üç temel yapıtaşı ulusal medya, sosyal çevre ve akademik kaynaklardır. Eğitim-teknoloji ilişkisine yükledikleri anlamlar ise teknolojinin tamamlayıcı, tanımlayıcı ya da bütünleştirici olduğu biçimindedir. Hemen tümü teknolojinin genelde eğitim, özelde öğretmen yetiştirme süreçleri için yararlı olacağı konusunda birleşmektedir. Ancak bu yararları elde edebilmek için teknoloji kullanımında sadece altyapı sağlayan ve sorumluluğu öğretim elemanına bırakan bir düşüncenin ötesinde yeniliklerin fakültenin tüm dinamikleriyle harmanlandığı bir anlayış üzerinde durmaktadırlar.
Usage of generalized functions formalism in modeling of defects by point singularity
Authors: Zrazhevsky G. M. , Zrazhevska V. F.
Published: April 2020

The paper proposes a new approach to the construction of point defect models, based on the solution of boundary value problems with non smooth coefficients. Heterogeneity is included in the determining equation of the boundary problem. This approach allows us to formalize defects at the stage of use of state equations, and thus automatically reconciles the defect with the hypotheses of diminution of dimension and does not break the energy closed. The solution is sought in the form of weakly convergent series of generalized functions. The proposed approach simplifies the mechanical interpretation of defect parameters and is demonstrated in several examples. In the first example, the Green function for harmonic oscillations of an elastic beam with a point defect is constructed. The defect model is a limiting state of elastic inclusion with weakening or strengthening. The second example considers the inclusion of an elliptical shape in the problem of harmonic oscillations of the elastic plate. The first approximation of the equivalent volumetric force is constructed and the path to the following approximations is indicated. In the third example, a model of a brittle crack with a known displacement jump is constructed for a static two-dimensional problem of elasticity theory.
Formulation and study of the problem of optimal excitation of plate oscillations
Authors: Zrazhevsky G. M. , Zrazhevska V. F.
Published: April 2020

A model problem of harmonic oscillations of a hinged plate, that is is under the influence of a certain number of point concentrated forces, is considered. The plate model is considered to satisfy Kirchhoff's conditions. The main task of the consideration is to determine the optimal characteristics of excitation - the number of forces, coordinates of their application, amplitudes and phases. The optimality criterion is constructed as the standard deviation of the complex deflections from a given profile function. With the given excitation characteristics, the problem of determining the vibrations is solved in the form of a superposition of the Green functions with singularities at the points of application of forces. The Green function is constructed as a Fourier series by a circular coordinate. By using Parseval equality in L2, the objective function of the optimization problem is represented as a combination of linear and Hermitian forms with respect to complex amplitudes of forces whose matrices are nonlinear (and not convex) dependent on the coordinates of singular points. A complete study of the objective function is performed. Sufficient conditions are determined for reducing the dimension of the control space by analytical determination of the amplitudes of forces. Expressions were obtained to calculate the gradients of the objective function by angular and radial coordinates. A partial case of grouping of excitation forces on concentric circles is considered, that leads to the degeneration of the problem.
Seroprevalence of HBsAg//HIV among Pregnant Women Attending State Hosiptal Antenatal Clinic, Ijebu-Ode
Authors: Emmanuel Omokayode Oluwafemi , Ifeanyi Ojiezeh Tony
Published: April 2020

The rate of HBV and HIV infections in developing countries is alarming and may contribute to infant mortality. Therefore, there is a need to examine the prevalence of both infections among pregnant women, with an aim to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HIV and rate of co - infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at State Hospital, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria. From 489 women attending antenatal clinic, individual serum was obtained and screened for HBV and HIV antibodies respectively using chromatographic immunoassay. Bio data, occupation, living conditions and parity was obtained using structured questionnaire. A total of 489 pregnant women within age 15 – 39-year-old were screened, HBV infection recorded 33 (6.7%) while HIV was 20 (4.1%). The duo was higher among 20 - 24 years age group: HBV 13(10.4%) and HIV 9 (7.2%), and co-infection was 2 (0.004%). The incident of infections was higher among the artisans: HBV 20 (8.0%) and HIV 9 (3.6%) than others categories in relation about occupation. Increased frequency of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women is alarming public health issues and should be given proper attention. The prevalence of the duo infections may be culpable in infant mortality, and complication following child birth for the mothers. Therefore, pregnant women should be screened for both HBV and HIV infections during antenatal care. Enlightenment campaign on the routes, modes of transmission and control measures should be step-up at antenatal clinics across the board.
Traumatic Enucleation and Bilateral Colles’ Fracture in a 70 Year Old Farmer
Authors: Monsudi Kehinde Fasasi , Ayanniyi Abdulkabir Ayansiji , Danfulani Muhammed , Balarabe Hamza Aliyu
Published: April 2020

Purpose: To report a case of traumatic enucleation and Colles’ fracture in a 70-year-old male farmer following a fall from a height.

Design: A case report.

Findings: Enucleated right eye and bilateral Colles’ fracture.

Practical implications: The attending health care personnel should do a complete assessment of a patient with a history of fall from a height to avoid missing important bodily injuries. Fall from height is a cause of avoidable blindness.

Originality: Rare original case of traumatic enucleation after a fall.
Training upcoming academicians through interviews of pharmacy resident teaching certificate leaders
Authors: Eddy Emily , Long Brittany , Peters Lindsey , Grundey Jennifer , Musser Michelle , Shaffery Karielle
Published: April 2020

Background: Discovering methods of Residency Teaching Certificate Programs (RTCPs) will allow for collaboration in developing best practices to ensure both high quality of programming and outcomes for participants.

Objective: The primary objective of this project is to describe and compare how RTCPs are conducted in the state of Ohio. Secondarily, to identify current practices in assessing RTCPs in both programmatic effectiveness and individual resident teaching outcomes.

Methods: The seven coordinators of the seven Ohio RTCPs (n=7) were contacted via email and asked to participate in an IRB-approved interview, either in-person or telephonically. Standardized questions were developed to inquire about six categories of interest: demographics/background, administration/logistics, content, assessment of the resident, program financing, and program continuous quality improvement (CQI). All seven programs participated in interviews. Data was coded by multiple members of the research team for presentation in aggregate form.

Results: RTCPs include seminar days at the respective pharmacy colleges; however, the number, length, and content of seminars vary. The majority of programs (n=5) stated using inherited curriculum and materials passed down from previous coordinators. While each RTCP requires participants to submit a teaching portfolio, only three of seven programs assess the summative portfolios. All programs (n=7) award participants a certificate based on completion of requirements without a defined minimum performance standard. Two programs are collecting participant feedback after every session for CQI however no programs are completing an annual programmatic assessment of resident outcomes. The majority of coordinators (n=7) are interested in collaborating and sharing “best practices” between RTCPs in the state.

Conclusions: Although published and available resources exist surrounding the development and delivery of RTCPs, in Ohio, their use varies greatly. The most striking outcomes highlighted the lack of resident and program assessment of outcomes in RTCPs.  The research has brought forth ideas of ways to improve these programs through resident assessment, program assessment and also leads to reflection and innovation around the best way to deliver these programs.
Latinoamérica: la tierra de Rulfo y de García Márquez. Reflexiones en torno a algunas cuestiones para pensar la identidad
Authors: Bianchi Bustos Marcelo
Published: April 2020

Con el objetivo de pensar en el tema de la identidad Latinoamericana se abordan algunas cuestiones desde perspectivas vinculadas con el mundo de lo literario, intenta analizar de qué forma la literatura ayudó a construir (al mismo tiempo que ella era construida) una visión de América y de su gente. Con esta idea como eje central se presenta cómo son las ciudades de América en la literatura, haciendo una referencia clara a Macondo de García Márquez y a Comala de Juan Rulfo y se piensa cómo son los habitantes de complejo mundo literario que viven en ellas, caracterizado por lo real maravilloso. Cada uno de estos elementos llevan a pensar en la noción de identidad pero no desde una perspectiva tradicional que considera sólo los Estados nacionales sino desde una nueva visión que hace referencia a la integración y a una identidad única. Por último se analiza cuál fue /es el lugar de la imagen en América, en dos momentos de su historia.
Arte Precolombino Andino
Authors: Herrera María José
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una serie de ideas que inspiraron la concreción del guión curatorial y museográfico de la sala de Arte Precolombino Andino del Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, un trabajo interdisciplinario en el que participaron historiadores del arte, etnógrafos, museólogos y diseñadores. Del guión científico al curatorial y de éste al montaje efectivo, se desenvuelven distintas instancias tales como la adecuación del diseño a las necesidades comunicativas y su adaptación a los códigos altamente formalizados de la sala de un museo.
Establishing A Global EBP Tool to Measure Evidence-Based Practice Knowledge: Translating and Testing the French Version of EKAN
Authors: Nick Jan M. , Roberts Lisa , Adrien Farah Martine , Wonder Amy H.
Published: April 2020

Background and Purpose

Government and professional organizations around the world have issued a call for evidence-based practice (EBP), affecting nursing globally. This study aimed to establish a baseline measure of EBP knowledge in French-speaking, baccalaureate nursing students and test the psychometric performance of a newly translated instrument.

Methods

For the cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study, 103 baccalaureate nursing students from Haiti were included in the analysis.

Results

Rasch analysis showed strong evidence of validity (Weighted MS M = 984; Unweighted MS M = 1.01). Individual items showed item reliability (.94). The mean EBP knowledge score was 5.9 (SD = 1.93; Range = 2–10 points).

Conclusions

This study provides initial psychometric evidence for an EBP knowledge measure that can be used as a catalyst for research in 29 French-speaking countries.
Mathematical models for the prediction of vacuum dynamics of a milking system with four-way milking cluster
Authors: ÖZ Hülya , DEĞİRMENCİOĞLU Adnan , ROSE Sandra , STRÖBEL Ulrich , ÖZ Erdal
Published: April 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of system vacuum, pulsation rate and ratio and flow rate on vacuum dynamics of a milking system with four-way cluster. In order to meet this objective, empirical functions were developed to predict vacuum related dependent variables. These dependent variables were considered to be vacuum drops and fluctuations in b and d-phase and in claw along with average claw vacuum and teat end vacuum for four-way milking cluster.
Material and Methods: Experiments based on the central composite design, one of the designs in Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and using water and artificial teat were conducted in the laboratory. The data obtained from the experiments were then used to develop functions in polynomial form that allowed predicting the vacuum related variables.
Results: Eight different functions were developed. The coefficient of the determination (R2) for all the models was above 0.9. It is believed that the models developed in this study can be used to design the milking system equipped with four-way milking cluster.
Conclusion: The simplest models are the ones that are developed for the average claw vacuum and the models developed for the vacuum drops in d-phase and claw. The common point of these three models along with the average vacuum prediction function is that there is no quadratic or cubic term entered into the model. The highest vacuum drops in b-phase for four-way milking cluster occurs when the pulsation ratio of 62:38. The system behavior for vacuum drops in d-phase is different than b-phase and a linear surface is valid. It only consists of flow rate and pulsation ratio.
El ‘científico loco’ en el imaginario popular y la realidad
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar G.
Published: April 2020

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Necropsias de peruanos ilustres
Authors: Zanutelli Rosas Manuel
Published: April 2020

El autor presenta los protocolos de necropsias de algunos personajes importantes de la vida política e intelectual del país que fueron asesinados. Así: los presidentes José Balta Montero (1814-1872), Manuel Pardo y Lavalle (1834-1878), Luis M. Sánchez Cerro (1889-1933); el empresario y periodista Francisco Graña Garland (1902-1947); y, el periodista y escritor Edwin Elmore Letts (1890-1925).
La expedición de un solo hombre. Peter Handke. Premio Nobel de Literatura 2019
Authors: Vivar Mendoza Aldo
Published: April 2020

La vida es una expedición solitaria. Peter Handke, Premio Nobel de Literatura 2019, asume esta premisa para crear su obra. En la presente reseña, a partir de sus novelas, ensayos y poemas se intenta una aproximación a sus influencias: la guerra, las vivencias en el campo, el amor materno, el arte, la ciencia, es decir la vida misma.
Conociendo el universo, un poco más. Premio Nobel de Física 2019
Authors: Castromonte Salinas Juvenal
Published: April 2020

El Premio Nobel de Física 2019 fue ganado por tres investigadores astrofísicos. Este artículo resume la contribución de J. Peebles sobre sus predicciones teóricas en cosmología, y de M. Mayor y D. Queloz por el descubrimiento de los exoplanetas.
Les courants électriques parasites en élevage
Authors: RIGALMA K. , DUVAUX-PONTER C. , GALLOUIN F. , ROUSSEL S.
Published: April 2020

L’élevage des animaux de rente implique une utilisation croissante d’équipements électriques et électroniques ainsi que le recours à du matériel et à des structures métalliques qui sont autant de facteurs favorisant l’apparition des courants électriques parasites. Les tensions à l’origine de ces courants, généralement inférieures à 10 volts, sont dues principalement à un défaut de mise à la terre et à une mauvaise équipotentialité des masses métalliques. Les animaux, en raison d’une faible résistance électrique, sont sensibles à ces faibles tensions électriques. Le contact direct du nez (mufle, groin) et des pattes avec le milieu humide diminue leur résistance au courant électrique alors que, chez l’homme, le port d’équipements de protection comme les bottes en caoutchouc augmente cette résistance.
En élevage, les tensions électriques parasites sont parfois mises en cause lorsque des modifications comportementales, une dégradation de l’état sanitaire ou des baisses de production sont observées chez les animaux. Cependant, les expérimentations menées en milieu contrôlé montrent rarement un effet direct des tensions électriques parasites sur les paramètres zootechniques bien que des modifications comportementales et physiologiques, probablement liées à la présence d’un stress, soient parfois mises en évidence.
La grande variabilité de réponse des animaux et le caractère imprévisible des tensions électriques parasites expliquent les difficultés à les diagnostiquer et à caractériser leurs effets sur les animaux en élevage.
Déterminants de l’utilisation de la ressource pâturée par le cheval
Authors: EDOUARD N. , FLEURANCE G. , DUNCAN P. , BAUMONT R , DUMONT B.
Published: April 2020

Dans un contexte agricole favorable au développement de systèmes herbagers durables, les équidés ont un rôle majeur à jouer dans l’entretien de l’espace et la préservation de la biodiversité prairiale. Les effectifs de chevaux augmentent fortement en France comme dans le reste de l’Europe. Pourtant la filière équine est confrontée à un manque de références et d’appuis techniques vis-à-vis de l’alimentation des chevaux à partir des ressources pâturées, dans un contexte où on sait que «l’herbe» permet de couvrir les besoins nutritionnels des animaux et que sa gestion a des conséquences sur la dynamique des couverts. L’objectif de cette synthèse est de faire le point sur les connaissances relatives aux déterminants de l’ingestion et des choix alimentaires des chevaux au pâturage, la confrontation de ces résultats avec ceux acquis chez les ruminants contribuant à mettre en avant les spécificités des stratégies d’alimentation adoptées par les équidés. Les chevaux sont capables de réguler leur comportement alimentaire (temps de pâturage, vitesse d’ingestion, choix de sites d’alimentation) en réponse à des variations de disponibilité et de qualité du couvert végétal. Ils entretiennent des zones d’herbe rase au sein du couvert qu’ils retournent pâturer préférentiellement. Ce comportement accroît l’hétérogénéité structurale de la végétation qui est susceptible de favoriser la coexistence de plusieurs espèces au sein des communautés végétales et animales prairiales. Les travaux futurs devront préciser les effets de caractéristiques des animaux et de différents modes de conduite, afin de permettre aux éleveurs de piloter le pâturage équin au mieux de leurs attentes.
Modélisation des interactions digestives et de la production de méthane chez les ruminants
Authors: SAUVANT D. , GIGER-REVERDIN S.
Published: April 2020

L’adéquation des apports alimentaires aux besoins des animaux et la prévision précise de leurs réponses aux pratiques alimentaires nécessitent de quantifier les éventuelles interactions digestives (non-additivité des valeurs potentielles des aliments au sein d’un régime). Deux bases de données ont été constituées de manière indépendante pour modéliser les effets spécifiques du niveau alimentaire et de la proportion d’aliment concentré (PCO) sur la digestibilité de la matière organique (dMO) du régime, sur les pertes énergétiques aux niveaux fécal, urinaire et de la production de méthane afin d’en déduire les conséquences sur les valeurs énergétiques des rations. La première base de données, BOVIDIG, rassemble 571 expériences (1482 traitements) sur bovins avec des mesures de digestibilité in vivo de la matière organique et la seconde, RUMENER, 151 expériences (1021 traitements) avec des mesures du métabolisme énergétique sur bovins, ovins et caprins.
Les résultats issus de ces deux bases sont globalement cohérents entre eux : l’augmentation de NA se traduit par une diminution de la digestibilité de la dMO , ou de l’énergie, qui est en partie compensée par de moindres pertes d’énergie aux niveaux urinaire et du méthane. L’accroissement PCO dans la ration entraîne une augmentation de la dMO, d’autant plus importante que la fraction fourrage associée est peu digestible et le niveau alimentaire, faible. La production de CH4 répond de façon curvilinéaire à PCO. De ces résultats, il ressort que l’évaluation de l’impact énergétique des interactions digestives ne peut se faire que sur la base de la dMO.
Les équations proposées permettent d’estimer, à partir de critères alimentaires simples (NA et PCO), les corrections à apporter sur la valeur énergétique des rations des différentes espèces de ruminants. Ces corrections sont un peu plus importantes pour les rations moyennes que les corrections actuelles des systèmes INRA, mais elles sont du même ordre de grandeur pour les rations «intensives» à fortes valeurs de PCO et NA.
La myostatine : un régulateur négatif de la masse musculaire chez les vertébrés
Authors: CHELH I. , RODRIGUEZ J. , BONNIEU A. , CASSAR-MALEK I. , COTTIN P. , GABILLARD J.C. , LEIBOVITCH S. , HADJ SASSI A. , SEILIEZ I. , PICARD B.
Published: April 2020

Le facteur de croissance myostatine initialement identifié chez la souris, est un régulateur négatif de la masse musculaire. Des mutations naturelles ou expérimentales dans le gène codant ce facteur sont à l’origine d’un phénotype d’hypermuscularité, notamment chez les bovins culards. La myostatine régule la myogenèse et la balance atrophie/hypertrophie musculaire. Elle intervient dès la vie fœtale en contrôlant la prolifération des cellules musculaires et donc le nombre total de fibres musculaires. Pendant la vie postnatale elle participe au contrôle de la taille des fibres musculaires en régulant l’activité des cellules satellites et la synthèse protéique. Elle est également impliquée dans la fonte musculaire. Il semblerait qu’elle intervienne aussi dans le contrôle de l’adipogenèse et de l’ostéogenèse. Cette revue fait le point sur l’état des connaissances actuelles concernant l’expression et l’activité de ce facteur et leur régulation moléculaire. Ces données permettront à terme d’envisager une utilisation raisonnée de ces connaissances en agronomie pour la production de viande.