bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBAIKAN SISTEM DIVISI PENGOLAHAN DAN PENGADAAN PERPUSTAKAAN UK. PETRA DENGAN FILOSOFI LEAN SIX SIGMA
Authors: Rahardjo Jani , Bisono Indriati , Wibowo Arie Gunawan
Published: November 2023

The responsibility of Acquisition and Processing Unit in Petra Christian University Library is to handle books purchasing, processing the books, then hand them over to the circulation unit. To improve the unit performance, a new system was proposed using Lean Six Sigma philosophy. We employ the common tools of Six Sigma i.e. DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). The results are a new procedure, a better software design, and a better workplace lay out. We believe that the results could reduce the book processing time, eliminate non value added activities, reduce defects, and decrease the total distance taken by books when being processed.

Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :

Tanggung jawab divisi Pengadaan dan Pengolahan Perpustakaan U.K. Petra adalah menangani pembelian buku, memprosesnya lalu menyerahkan ke bagian sirkulasi. Untuk meningkatkan performa divisi ini, maka dilakukan perbaikan sistem dengan menggunakan metode Lean Six Sigma dengan salah satu tool yaitu DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve dan Control). Hasil akhir dari metode tersebut adalah prosedur baru, desain software baru, dan tata letak baru yang jika diimplementasikan dapat mengurangi waktu pemrosesan buku, non value added activity, jumlah kecacatan buku, dan jarak total yang ditempuh buku selama pemrosesan.

Kata kunci: Lean Six Sigma, Perpustakaan U.K. Petra, Perbaikan Sistem
FUZZY MODELING APPROACH AND GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION FOR DUAL RESPONSE SURFACE
Authors: Prastyo Dedy Dwi , Akbar Muhammad Sjahid , Otok Bambang Widjanorko
Published: November 2023

Dual Response Surface (DRS) with Lagrange multiplier is one of the most familiar classical multi response surface methods. Classical DRS optimization doesn't concern about the quality characteristic of responses. In this paper, fuzzy approach is proposed for modeling DRS and quality characteristic of response simultaneously. The proposed method represented the object's quality characteristic physically. The proposed method is applied to composite carbon drilling process and resulting nonlinear function that to be determined its optimal point. Many optimization methods fail to reach global optimum point because the non linear function is multimodal. Therefore, we used genetic algorithm for finding the global optimum point.
ROBUST-HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR A FLOW-SHOP SCHEDULING PROBLEM (A Case Study at PT FSCM Manufacturing Indonesia)
Authors: Soewanda Johan , Octavia Tanti , Sahputra Iwan Halim
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the application of Robust Hybrid Genetic Algorithm to solve a flow-shop scheduling problem. The proposed algorithm attempted to reach minimum makespan. PT. FSCM Manufacturing Indonesia Plant 4's case was used as a test case to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm was compared to Ant Colony, Genetic-Tabu, Hybrid Genetic Algorithm, and the company's algorithm. We found that Robust Hybrid Genetic produces statistically better result than the company's, but the same as Ant Colony, Genetic-Tabu, and Hybrid Genetic. In addition, Robust Hybrid Genetic Algorithm required less computational time than Hybrid Genetic Algorithm
Frailty, Home Time, and Health Care Costs in Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Lin Kueiyu Joshua , Singer Daniel E. , Ko Darae , Glynn Robert , Najafzadeh Mehdi , Lee Su Been , Bessette Lily Gui , Cervone Alexander , DiCesare Elyse , Kim Dae Hyun
Published: November 2023

Importance

There are no data on patient-centered outcomes and health care costs by frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) taking oral anticoagulants (OACs).

Objective

To compare home time, clinical events, and health care costs associated with OACs by frailty levels in older adults with AF.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This community-based cohort study assessed Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries 65 years or older with AF from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2019. Data analysis was performed from January to December 2022.

Exposures

Apixaban, rivaroxaban, and warfarin use were measured from prescription claims. Frailty was measured using a validated claims-based frailty index.

Main outcomes and measures

Outcome measures were (1) home time (days alive out of the hospital and skilled nursing facility) loss greater than 14 days; (2) a composite end point of ischemic stroke, systemic embolism, major bleeding, or death; and (3) total cost per member per year after propensity score overlap weighting.

Results

The weighted population comprised 136 551 beneficiaries, including 45 950 taking apixaban (mean [SD] age, 77.6 [7.3] years; 51.3% female), 45 320 taking rivaroxaban (mean [SD] age, 77.6 [7.3] years; 51.9% female), and 45 281 taking warfarin (mean [SD] age, 77.6 [7.3] years; 52.0% female). Compared with apixaban, rivaroxaban was associated with increased risk of home time lost greater than 14 days (risk difference per 100 persons, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.5-2.1]), composite end point (rate difference per 1000 person-years, 21.3 [95% CI, 16.4-26.2]), and total cost (mean difference, $890 [95% CI, $652-$1127]), with greater differences among the beneficiaries with frailty. Use of warfarin relative to apixaban was associated with increased home time lost (risk difference per 100 persons, 3.2 [95% CI, 2.9-3.5]) and composite end point (rate difference per 1000 person-years, 29.4 [95% CI, 24.5-34.3]), with greater differences among the beneficiaries with frailty. Compared with apixaban, warfarin was associated with lower total cost (mean difference, −$1166 [95% CI, −$1396 to −$937]) but higher cost when excluding OAC cost (mean difference, $1409 [95% CI, $1177 to $1642]) regardless of frailty levels.

Conclusions and Relevance

In older adults with AF, apixaban was associated with increased home time and lower rates of clinical events than rivaroxaban and warfarin, especially for those with frailty. Apixaban was associated with lower total cost compared with rivaroxaban but higher cost compared with warfarin due to higher OAC cost. These findings suggest that apixaban may be preferred for older adults with AF, particularly those with frailty.
Psychiatric Comorbidities Associated With Keratoconus
Authors: Safir Margarita , Hecht Idan , Heller Dan , Pras Eran , Lifshitz Michal , Einan-Lifshitz Adi
Published: November 2023

Importance

Evaluating risk factors for keratoconus, often associated with recurrent eye rubbing, could generate hypotheses to be tested in future interventional trials.

Objective

To assess the risk for keratoconus associated with psychiatric comorbidities in adolescents and adults.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This population-based cross-sectional study included medical records of Israeli adolescents and adults in military service from January 2011 through December 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The prevalence of anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), autism, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was evaluated in individuals with and without keratoconus. The association between keratoconus and psychiatric comorbidities was tested using univariate and multivariant analyses.

Results

Overall, 940 763 adolescents and adults were included. Mean (SD) age was 17.56 (1.47) years, and 59.3% were male. Keratoconus was documented in 1533 individuals, with a prevalence of 0.16%. Patients with keratoconus were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared with the general population (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% CI, 1.38-1.81; P < .001). After adjusting for age, sex, intellectual status, height, and weight, the results remained unchanged (hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.27-1.67; P < .001). Stratification according to age showed an association between keratoconus and ADHD for males (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.39-1.90; P < .001) but not for females (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.96-1.74; P = .09).

Conclusions and Relevance

In a large cohort of adolescents and adults, ADHD was associated with a diagnosis of keratoconus in male patients, even after adjusting for possible confounders. Although a causative effect could not be ascribed, these findings support further investigation into the potential value of education regarding eye rubbing in this population.
Transcriptional analysis of landmark molecular pathways in lung adenocarcinoma results in a clinically relevant classification with potential therapeutic implications
Authors: Hijazo‐Pechero Sara , Alay Ania , Cordero David , Marín Raúl , Vilariño Noelia , Palmero Ramón , Brenes Jesús , Montalban‐Casafont Aina , Nadal Ernest , Solé Xavier
Published: November 2023

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease. In addition to genomic alterations, cancer transcriptional profiling can be helpful to tailor cancer treatment and to estimate each patient's outcome. Transcriptional activity levels of 50 molecular pathways were inferred in 4573 LUAD patients using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) method. Seven LUAD subtypes were defined and independently validated based on the combined behavior of the studied pathways: AD (adenocarcinoma subtype) 1–7. AD1, AD4, and AD5 subtypes were associated with better overall survival. AD1 and AD4 subtypes were enriched in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, whereas AD2 and AD6 showed higher tumor protein p53 (TP53) alteration frequencies. AD2 and AD6 subtypes correlated with higher genome instability, proliferation‐related pathway expression, and specific sensitivity to chemotherapy, based on data from LUAD cell lines. LUAD subtypes were able to predict immunotherapy response in addition to CD274 (PD‐L1) gene expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB). AD2 and AD4 subtypes were associated with potential resistance and response to immunotherapy, respectively. Thus, analysis of transcriptomic data could improve patient stratification beyond genomics and single biomarkers (i.e., PD‐L1 and TMB) and may lay the foundation for more personalized treatment avenues, especially in driver‐negative LUAD.
An Extraordinary Antisolvent Ethyl Cyanoformate for Achieving High Efficiency and Stability P3HT‐Based CsPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ren Weihua , Ren Jingkun , Wu Yukun , Li Shiqi , Sun Qinjun , Hao Yuying
Published: November 2023

Surface defects are always a severe problem in inorganic perovskite, superadding the mismatch of energy level between Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) hole transport layer (HTL) and CsPbI3 perovskite. All these issues result in large losses in open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF), and thus, CsPbI3 perovskites solar cells (PSCs) based on P3HT HTL commonly show a lower power conversion efficiency (PCE). Herein, an extraordinary antisolvent engineering is proposed by ethyl cyanoformate (EC), that regulates the crystallization progress to improve the quality of CsPbI3 perovskite film. Concomitantly, residual EC passivates the uncoordinated Pb2+ defects by synergistical chemical interaction of C≡N and C═O groups, and energy level arrangement at the CsPbI3/P3HT interface is also optimized. As a result, the PCE of P3HT‐based CsPbI3 PSC is improved to 18.46% from 17.33% of the control device. The unencapsulated CsPbI3 PSCs show enhanced moisture stability and fine operational stability. The work reveals that EC is an extraordinary antisolvent, exhibiting a synergistic strategy in many aspects for obtaining high‐performance P3HT‐based CsPbI3 PSCs. Furthermore, P3HT is doped with a small amount of 4‐Cyano‐4′‐pentylbipheny (5CB), and thus the PCE of PSC is increased to 19.15% and its humidity stability is significantly improved.
Engineering Semicarbazide‐Bearing Polypeptide Conjugates for Efficient Tumor Chemotherapy and Imaging of Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Pan Wenhao , Zhang Lei , Li Lei , Cen Jie , Song Rundi , Song Chengzhou , Zhang Guoying , Hu Jinming , Liu Shiyong
Published: November 2023

Polypeptide materials offer scalability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, rendering them an ideal platform for biomedical applications. However, the preparation of polypeptides with specific functional groups, such as semicarbazide moieties, remains challenging. This work reports, for the first time, the straightforward synthesis of well‐defined methoxy‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐polypeptide hybrid block copolymers (HBCPs) containing semicarbazide moieties. This synthesis involves implementing the direct polymerization of environment‐stable N‐phenoxycarbonyl‐functionalized α‐amino acid (NPCA) precursors, thereby avoiding the handling of labile N‐carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomers. The resulting HBCPs containing semicarbazide moieties enable facile functionalization with aldehyde/ketone derivatives, forming pH‐cleavable semicarbazone linkages for tailored drug release. Particularly, the intracellular pH‐triggered hydrolysis of semicarbazone moieties restores the initial semicarbazide residues, facilitating endo‐lysosomal escape and thus improving therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, the integration of the hypoxic probe (Ir(btpna)(bpy)2) into the pH‐responsive nanomedicines allows sequential responses to acidic and hypoxic tumor microenvironments, enabling precise detection of metastatic tumors. The innovative approach for designing bespoke functional polypeptides holds promise for advanced drug delivery and precision therapeutics.
Design and Characterization of Deformable Superstructures Based on Amine‐Acrylate Liquid Crystal Elastomers
Authors: Zhao Fang , Li Yuzhan , Gao Hong , Tao Ran , Mao Yiqi , Chen Yu , Zhou Sheng , Zhao Jianming , Wang Dong
Published: November 2023

Deformable superstructures are man‐made materials with large deformation properties that surpass those of natural materials. However, traditional deformable superstructures generally use conventional materials as substrates, limiting their applications in multi‐mode reconfigurable robots and space‐expandable morphing structures. In this work, amine‐acrylate‐based liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are used as deformable superstructures substrate to provide high driving stress and strain. By changing the molar ratio of amine to acrylate, the thermal and mechanical properties of the LCEs are modified. The LCE with a ratio of 0.9 exhibited improved polymerization degree, elongation at break, and toughness. Besides an anisotropic finite deformation model based on hyperelastic theory is developed for the LCEs to capture the configuration variation under temperature activation. Built upon these findings, an LCE‐based paper‐cutting structure with negative Poisson's ratio and a 2D lattice superstructure model are combined, processed, and molded by laser cutting. The developed superstructure is pre‐programmed to the configuration required for service conditions, and the deformation processes are analyzed using both experimental and finite element methods. This study is expected to advance the application of deformable superstructures and LCEs in the fields of defense and military, aerospace, and bionic robotics.
Manipulating Nonlinear Photocurrent from Interlayer Coupling in Bilayer Metamaterials for Polarized Terahertz Generation
Authors: Shi Ming‐jian , Lei Zhen , Xi Ya‐yan , Cao Xue‐qin , Liu Hui‐biao , Huang Yuan‐yuan , Xu Xin‐long
Published: November 2023

Polarized terahertz (THz) wave generation is of great significance for chiral and anisotropic sensing applications. However, how to manipulate amplitude, polarization, and ellipticity of the THz generation is still a fundamental challenge. Herein, polarized THz wave generation is achieved from a bilayer metamaterial consisting of T‐shaped structure (TSS) and split resonator rings (SRRs) by combining Maxwell and hydrodynamic equations. The elliptically polarized THz wave can be synthetized directly from horizontally and vertically polarized THz components due to the orthogonal nonlinear photocurrents along the arm‐directions of TSS and SRRs, respectively. Besides, the ellipticity and the orientation angle of the THz polarization ellipse can be modulated by the twist angle between the SRRs and TSS layers. The maximum ellipticity can reach 0.34 while the orientation angle is tunable from −0.45 to 0.48π by tuning the twist angle. This work proposes an interlayer coupling method for the polarized THz sources based on metamaterials in potential circular dichroism and chiral sensing applications.
Crystallization Regulation by Self‐Assembling Liquid Crystal Template Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Meizi , Wang Hongyan , Li Yong , Chen Ran , Zhou Hui , Yang Shaomin , Xu Dongfang , Li Kun , An Zhongwei , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Liu Zhike
Published: November 2023

It is found that the disordered growth of bottom perovskite film deteriorates the buried interface of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), so developing a new material to modify the buried interface for regulating the crystal growth and defect passivation is an effective approach for improving the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Here, we developed a new ionic liquid crystal (ILC, 1‐Dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) as both crystal regulator and defect passivator to modify the buried interface of PSCs. The high lattice matching between this ILC and perovskite promotes preferential growth of perovskite film along [001] direction, while the oriented ILC with mesomorphic phase has a strong chemical interaction with perovskite to passivate the interface defect, as a result, the modified buried interface exhibits suppressed defects, improved band alignment, reduced nonradiative recombination losses, and enhanced charge extraction. The ILC‐modified PSC delivers a power conversion efficiency of 24.92 % and maintains 94 % of the original value after storage in ambient for 3000 h.
Synthesis of non‐isocyanate polyurethanes with high‐performance and self‐healing properties
Authors: Zhang Kuiyao , Shuai Kangjie , Ni Zhongbin , Kaneko Tatsuo , Dong Weifu , Chen Mingqing , Shi Dongjian
Published: November 2023

Due to the utilization of the potentially hazardous monomer, isocyanate compound, polyurethanes (PUs) with good properties are restricted in several fields, such as bio‐engineering. Non‐isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) with high overall performance and self‐healing properties were synthesized by dicarbamate, bio‐based isosorbide (IS) and polycarbonate diols (PCDLs) through a solvent‐free and ecologically friendly melt polycondensation route. Previously, few bio‐based monomers have been introduced into polycondensation reactions of PUs. Chemical structures of NIPUs were analyzed by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). With changing the IS content and the molecular weight of PCDL, the obtained NIPUs had linear structures and high molecular weights ranging from 3.3 × 104 to 5.9 × 104 g/mol. Results of tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested NIPUs had well thermal and mechanical properties, with Td,5% above 286.2°C and tensile strength between 8.0 and 16.7 MPa due to the crystallization and the hydrogen bonding interactions. Furthermore, the NIPUs exhibited self‐healing ability and recyclability, having great potential for industrialization.
UAV LiDAR in coastal environments: Archaeological case studies from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, and Vega, Norway
Authors: Risbøl Ole , Eidshaug Jo Sindre P. , Bjerck Hein B. , Gran Magnar M. , Rantala Kristoffer R. , Tivoli Angélica M. , Zangrando Atilio Francisco J.
Published: November 2023

LiDAR has become fairly integrated into archaeological practice at a global scale. This has gradually evolved to include UAV LiDAR. Nevertheless, considerable biases remain, including with regard to geographical regions, chronological periods, feature types and environments. At present, few studies of coastal environments exist, despite the fact that LiDAR—and UAV LiDAR in particular—has the obvious advantages of flexibility and time efficiency in such archaeologically rich but logistically challenging environments. In this paper, we compare the results of UAV LiDAR surveys with records from previous ground surveys in two case studies from coastal environments on opposite sides of the globe. Case Study I of shell middens located within approximately 3 km2 around Cambaceres Bay involved the first collection of LiDAR data from Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Case Study II covered approximately 3 km2 of the island of Vega, Northern Norway, and is among the pioneering LiDAR studies of Mesolithic house pits. The detection success rate was fairly good for Cambaceres—69% of 1240 recorded structures were identified on LiDAR—and above expected for Vega, with 81% of 51 recorded house pits identified on LiDAR. In Cambaceres, the main challenges were dense and low vegetation and identifying small middens. Possible new identifications of archaeological features were made in both areas: subtle depressions interpreted as dwelling foundations in Cambaceres and house pits on Vega. We conclude that UAV LiDAR can contribute to coastal archaeology and that it has added values besides making new identifications, being both flexible and time efficient. An example pertains to the possible identification of a practice that has not previously been proved archaeologically in Tierra del Fuego—more thorough site preparation prior to the construction of the dwellings—which in turn raises new questions.
Did the creeping vole sex chromosomes evolve through a cascade of adaptive responses to a selfish x chromosome?
Authors: Roy Scott William
Published: November 2023

The creeping vole Microtus oregoni exhibits remarkably transformed sex chromosome biology, with complete chromosome drive/drag, X‐Y fusions, sex reversed X complements, biased X inactivation, and X chromosome degradation. Beginning with a selfish X chromosome, I propose a series of adaptations leading to this system, each compensating for deleterious consequences of the preceding adaptation: (1) YY embryonic inviability favored evolution of a selfish feminizing X chromosome; (2) the consequent Y chromosome transmission disadvantage favored X‐Y fusion (“XP”); (3) Xist‐based silencing of Y‐derived XP genes favored a second X‐Y fusion (“XM”); (4) X chromosome dosage‐related costs in XPXM males favored the evolution of XM loss during spermatogenesis; (5) X chromosomal dosage‐related costs in XM0 females favored the evolution of XM drive during oogenesis; and (6) degradation of the non‐recombining XP favored the evolution of biased X chromosome inactivation. I discuss recurrent rodent sex chromosome transformation, and selfish genes as a constructive force in evolution.
Are “Carbon Dots” Always Carbon Dots? Evidence for their Supramolecular Nature from Structural and Dynamic Studies in Solution and in the Pure Solid
Authors: Sousa Diogo A. , Berberan‐Santos Mário N. , Prata José V.
Published: November 2023

A model for the morphology (size, shape, and crystallinity) of carbon dots (CDs) in the solid state consistent with the observed photoluminescence in solution is proposed herein. Overwhelming evidence has been collected that links the data coming from solid‐state analysis (high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS)) to that of solution (pulsed‐field gradient (PFG)‐NMR spectroscopy, time‐resolved fluorescence anisotropy (TRFA), and steady‐state/time‐resolved fluorescence), allowing the establishment of an overall structural model for CDs. According to this model, the so‐called carbon dots, observed under HRTEM imaging, are in fact supramolecular organized structures dynamically assembled from small to medium‐sized molecular species when the solvent is removed to give the solid form. In this way, the imaged nanoparticles (TEM/AFM) are not covalently bound entities formed during the synthetic process, but instead supramolecular entities formed by noncovalent interactions. These particles, if at all present in solution, have the form of loose associations of relatively small molecules. This study was conducted on CDs obtained from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of a biomass waste (olive wet pomace).
Mechanistic Insights into Amphoteric Reactivity of an Iron‐Bispidine Complex
Authors: Mukherjee Gourab , Velmurugan Gunasekaran , Kerscher Marion , Kumar Satpathy Jagnyesh , Sastri Chivukula V. , Comba Peter
Published: November 2023

The reactivity of FeIII‐alkylperoxido complexes has remained a riddle to inorganic chemists owing to their thermal instability and impotency towards organic substrates. These iron‐oxygen adducts have been known as sluggish oxidants towards oxidative electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions. Herein, we report the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a relatively stable mononuclear high‐spin FeIII‐alkylperoxido complex supported by an engineered bispidine framework. Against the notion, this FeIII‐alkylperoxido complex serves as a rare example of versatile reactivity in both electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions. Detailed mechanistic studies and computational calculations reveal a novel reaction mechanism, where a putative superoxido intermediate orchestrates the amphoteric property of the oxidant. The design of the backbone is pivotal to convey stability and reactivity to alkylperoxido and superoxido intermediates. Contrary to the well‐known O−O bond cleavage that generates an FeIV‐oxido species, the FeIII‐alkylperoxido complex reported here undergoes O−C bond scission to generate a superoxido moiety that is responsible for the amphiphilic reactivity.
e‐TOALB: An efficient task offloading in IoT‐fog networks
Authors: Lone Kalimullah , Sofi Shabir Ahmad
Published: November 2023

Smart devices are concerned about the processing and computation of tasks due to their tiny nature. They prefer to offload their tasks to the cloud for processing and computation. Due to the huge amount of data being generated by smart devices, the cloud becomes inefficient in terms of huge delay. Thus, Processing tasks in the cloud can add latency and finally needs to be addressed. Thus, fog computing is an alternative to the latency issue. The tasks are offloaded to fog instead of the cloud. In this paper, e‐TOALB (enhanced task offloading and load balancing), a modified and enhanced nature‐inspired and meta‐heuristic ant colony optimization is used to offload tasks in a fog environment. The results obtained by the proposed method are compared with Particle swarm optimization (PSO), round robin (RR), and ant colony optimization. The numerical results clearly show an improvement in average response time and load sharing among all fog nodes. The results of the proposed model produce low response time, low average service time, and low standard deviation. The proposed scheme aims to find the best possible decision for offloading tasks to nearby fog devices and to find an optimal route for offloading with the least communication cost and average service time.
Identification of hybrids between the Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus) and Chinese giant salamander (Andrias cf. davidianus) using deep learning and smartphone images
Authors: Takaya Kosuke , Taguchi Yuki , Ise Takeshi
Published: November 2023

Human‐mediated hybridization between native and non‐native species is causing biodiversity loss worldwide. Hybridization has contributed to the extinction of many species through direct and indirect processes such as loss of reproductive opportunity and genetic introgression. Therefore, it is essential to manage hybrids to conserve biodiversity. However, specialized knowledge is required to identify the target species based on visual characteristics when two species have similar features. Although image recognition technology can be a powerful tool for identifying hybrids, studies have yet to utilize deep learning approaches. Hence, this study aimed to identify hybrids between the native Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus) and the non‐native Chinese giant salamander (Andrias cf. davidianus) using EfficientNetV2 and smartphone images. We used smartphone images of 11 individuals of native A. japonicus (five training and six test images) and 20 individuals of hybrids between A. japonicus and A. cf. davidianus (five training and 15 test images). In our experimental environment, an AI model constructed with EfficientNetV2 exhibited 100% accuracy in identifying hybrids. In addition, gradient‐weighted class activation mapping revealed that the AI model was able to classify A. japonicus and hybrids between A. japonicus and A. cf. davidianus on the basis of the dorsal head spot patterning. Our approach thus enables the identification of hybrids against A. japonicus, which was previously considered difficult by non‐experts. Furthermore, since this study achieved reliable identification using smartphone images, it is expected to be applied to a wide range of citizen science projects.
In vivo genotoxicity testing strategies: Report from the 8th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT)
Authors: Beevers Carol , Uno Yoshifumi , Meurer Krista , Hamada Shuichi , Hashimoto Kiyohiro , Kirkland David , LeBaron Matthew J. , Le Curieux Frank , Le Hegarat Ludovic , Martus Hans‐Joerg , Masumura Kenichi , Ohyama Wakako , Roberts Daniel J. , Vasquez Marie , Whitwell James , Witt Kristine L.
Published: November 2023

The in vivo working group (WG) considered three topics: acceptable maximum doses for negative erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) tests, validation status of MN assays in non‐hematopoietic tissues, and nuisance factors in the comet assay. The WG reached agreement on many issues, including: negative erythrocyte MN studies should be acceptable if dosing is conducted to Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) test guideline (TG) 474 recommendations and if sufficient bone marrow exposure is demonstrated; consensus on the evidence required to demonstrate “sufficient” exposure was not reached. The liver MN test using six‐week‐old rats is sufficiently validated to develop an OECD TG, but the impact of animal age warrants additional study. Ki‐67 is a reliable marker for cellular proliferation in hepatocytes. The gastrointestinal tract MN test is useful for detecting poorly absorbed or rapidly degraded aneugens, and for genotoxic metabolites formed in the colon. Although current validation data are insufficient to support the development of an OECD TG, the methodologies are sufficient to consider as an appendix to OECD TG474. Comparison of comet assay results to laboratory historical control data (HCD) should not be used in data evaluation, unless the HCD distribution is demonstrated to be stable and the predominant source of HCD variation is due to animal, not study, factors. No universally acceptable negative control limit for any tissue was identified. Methodological differences in comet studies can result in variable data interpretations; more data are required before best practice recommendations can be made. Hedgehogs alone are unreliable indicators of cytotoxicity and additional investigations into cytotoxicity markers are required.
Carbon Quantum Dot Electrocatalysts in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Chattopadhyay Jayeeta , Bag Biplab
Published: November 2023

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) represent a category of carbon nanomaterials that have recently garnered attention as emerging contenders in the realm of traditional semiconductor quantum dots. CQDs offer several compelling advantages, including low toxicity, environmental friendliness, cost‐effectiveness, photostability, favorable charge transfer characteristics that enhance electronic conductivity, and easily reproducible synthesis procedures. This review aims to delve into the latest advancements in CQD research and development, with a primary focus on their synthesis, functionalization, and applications in the field of energy. An overview of various synthesis methods, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages, has been depicted clearly. The subsequent section of this review is dedicated to exploring the wide‐ranging energy applications of CQDs, including their use in supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, photovoltaic devices, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and the oxygen evolution reaction. Further, primary emphasis has been given to their potential and effectiveness in contributing to advancements in HER as electrocatalysts. This article has been concluded with examination of the challenges that lie ahead and provide insight into future prospects in this dynamic and promising area of research.
Research on Multistate Variable Prediction of a Master‐Slave Electric‐Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle Based on CNN‐LSTM Model with Attention Mechanism
Authors: Chen Hao , Zhang Tiezhu , Zhang Hongxin , Zhang Zhen , Jia Qingxiao
Published: November 2023

This paper utilizes a convolutional neural network and long short‐term memory with attention mechanism (CLA) prediction model for time series forecasting. An innovative master‐slave electric‐hydraulic hybrid vehicle (MSEHV) is introduced. It simplifies the drivetrain structure by utilizing planetary gears for energy transfer and coupling to transform electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic energy. This paper conducts simulation verification using existing control strategies. It combines the velocity time series information with the hydraulic accumulator pressure time series information to create a unified time series. Some of the more popular machine learning and neural network algorithms are considered, and the mean square error, mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination evaluation metrics are calculated for validation. The research presents a developed battery state of charge regression prediction model based on genetic algorithm‐backpropagation by combining the predicted results of composite time series with the current discharge depth of the battery. The validation results indicate that the CLA time series prediction model proposed in this paper for MSEHV has higher prediction accuracy compared to other prediction models.
Pragmatic seismic collapse meso‐scale analysis of old Dutch masonry churches
Authors: Davis Lucy , Cogliano Martina , Casotto Chiara , Grecchi Giulia , Ozcebe Sevgi , Tsioli Chrysanthi , Malomo Daniele
Published: November 2023

The demand for advanced nonlinear time‐history and seismic collapse simulations of old unreinforced masonry (URM) constructions to support informed risk evaluation and mitigation plans is rapidly increasing in the structural engineering profession. On one hand, offering cutting‐edge solutions based on the latest advances is challenging for practitioners, given the reduced timeframe usually available for projects and the specialized knowledge required. On the other hand, researchers frequently face difficulties in accessing old buildings and gathering key data required in complex numerical collapse analysis strategies. In this work, a pragmatic approach for evaluation of the earthquake collapse response of vulnerable old URM churches typical of the Northern Netherlands, now exposed to low‐magnitude induced seismicity due to gas extraction, is presented. To bridge the gap between academic and industry applications, an integrated framework is proposed that combines archival and onsite research, code‐based prescriptions, geometrical characterization and simplified discrete element modeling. Main outcomes include the identification of recurrent damage patterns for five old URM churches erected during the 11th, 13th, 14th, and 19th centuries, representative of key traditional multi‐leaf and cavity‐wall structural types, as well as relevant failure mechanisms and collapsed debris distributions for seismic signals of varying intensities. Produced results constitute a solid foundation of data on which to base the design of ad‐hoc retrofits and development of tailored risk assessment models. This study opens a new line of inquiry while discussing practical challenges and research questions which arose, to be of interest to both applied researchers and structural engineering professionals.
Study on improving liquid carrying performance of annular jet pump gas well with static mixer
Authors: Liang Huizhen , Li Chengzhen , Ma Jian , Mu Lin , Jiang Xiukun
Published: November 2023

In the process of natural gas extraction, the phenomenon of liquid loading will affect the efficiency of gas well extraction and reduce the life of the well. Compared with conventional drainage gas extraction technology, the jet pump can not only reduce the bottom back pressure and ensure the stable production of gas reservoirs but also promote the final recovery rate. Since the jet pump relies on the interaction between fluid particles to transfer energy, the energy loss is large and the efficiency is low. To maximize the advantages of the gas‐driven jet pump, this study innovatively combines a static mixer with an annular jet pump. Utilizing the cyclonic effect produced by the static mixer, the original gas‐liquid axial motion is transformed into a stronger vortex motion, and the liquid droplets are changed into a liquid film that is easier to carry, which significantly improves the discharge efficiency of the jet pump. This study uses a combination of numerical simulation and experimental analysis to compare the associated effects of the new annular jet pump (NAJP) and the conventional annular jet pump (CAJP) on the liquid‐carrying performance of gas wells in terms of cyclonic effect, droplet breakage ratio, and pump efficiency. The results show that, compared with CAJP, NAJP increases the mass flow rate of the sucked fluid. The droplet breakage ratio increases by 15.4% year‐on‐year, while the critical liquid‐carrying flow rate is reduced by about 10.7%, resulting in a maximum pumping efficiency of 37%, an increase of about 30.7% year‐on‐year. At the same time, the reduction of the energy coefficient means lower energy consumption. In summary, NAJP is better than CAJP in terms of liquid‐carrying effect and efficiency.
Study with agricultural system resilience and Agro‐ecological efficiency synergistic evolutionary in China
Authors: Qiao Guotong , Chen Fei , Xu Chen , Li Yinhui , Zhang Dandan
Published: November 2023

Using the Haken model to explore the synergistic evolutionary characteristics and competition trends of agricultural resilience and eco‐efficiency can establish a theoretical foundation for achieving high‐quality and sustainable agricultural development. The traditional Haken model cannot address the issue of the lack of directionality in synergy values, but incorporating the tendency theory of the coupling coordination model into the Haken model can solve this problem, thus establishing propensity synergistic Haken model to give values directionality. Established a more comprehensive evaluation system for China's agricultural resilience. Measuring agricultural system resilience in China's 31 provinces and cities from 2001 to 2021. The synergistic values between agricultural resilience and eco‐efficiency were measured by the improved Haken model. Results show that: (1) Agricultural resilience exhibits a stable upward trend, but the overall level is low. Regional differences have been increasing over time. (2) Eco‐efficiency is the sequential covariate of synergistic evolution by the two systems. The overall synergy level between agricultural system resilience and eco‐efficiency is higher. (3) Considering the “propensity synergistic,” the overall change from low‐level benign synergy to high‐level benign synergy between agricultural resilience and eco‐efficiency in China. (4) The propensity synergy Haken model can compensate for the directionality‐lack problem of the traditional Haken model synergy value.
A low total metabolic tumor volume independently predicts for a longer time to first treatment in initially observed, low tumor burden follicular lymphoma
Authors: Mozas Pablo , Casanueva‐Eliceiry Sebastian , Rivero Andrea , Serna Ángel , Simó Marc , Rodríguez Sonia , Rivas‐Delgado Alfredo , Nadeu Ferran , Correa Juan Gonzalo , Piñeyroa Juan Antonio , Pérez‐Valencia Amanda Isabel , Guinetti‐Ortiz Katia , Gómez‐Hernando Marta , Giné Eva , Delgado Julio , Villamor Neus , Campo Elías , Magnano Laura , Abrisqueta Pau , Setoain Xavier , López‐Guillermo Armando
Published: November 2023

Watchful waiting is an acceptable management strategy for advanced‐stage, low tumor burden (LTB) patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). However, the prediction of how long this treatment‐free observation period will last remains imperfect. We explored whether total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and other positron emission tomography parameters were predictive of time to first treatment (TTFT). We analyzed 97 grade 1–3A advanced‐stage LTB FL patients and found that a high TMTV was associated with other tumor burden features at diagnosis. Patients with a TMTV above our established cutoff of 50 mL had a significantly shorter median duration of observation (2.6 vs. 8.8 years; p = 0.001). At 5 years, 77% of patients with a high TMTV and 46% of patients with a low TMTV required treatment. In the multivariable analysis, a high TMTV was the only independent factor predicting TTFT (hazard ratio = 2.09; p = 0.017). Overall, TMTV is a strong predictor of the duration of observation in LTB FL patients. Upon validation of our cutoff in external series and standardization of the methodology, the TMTV could become an additional factor to consider deferring or initiating treatment in otherwise LTB patients.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Addressing the current and future therapeutic advances along with the role of Sotatercept in the management of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hadi Dalia D. , Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool , Marsool Ali Dheyaa Marsool , Vora Neel , Al‐Badri Sajjad G. , Al‐Fatlawi Nabeel H. K. , Abbas Al Wssawi Ameer F. , Al‐Ibraheem Abdullah M. T. , Hamza Khadija A. , Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Mateen Mohammed A. , Amir Omniat
Published: November 2023

Background

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lungs. The cause of IPF is unknown, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is no cure for IPF, and treatment is focused on slowing disease progression and relieving symptoms.

Aims

We aimed in this review to investigate and provide the latest insights into IPF management modalities, including the potential of Saracatinibas a substitute for current IPF drugs. We also investigated the therapeutic potential of Sotatercept in addressing pulmonary hypertension associated with IPF.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a comprehensive literature review of relevant studies on IPF management. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of science.

Results

The two Food and Drug Administration‐approved drugs for IPF, Pirfenidone, and Nintedanib, have been pivotal in slowing disease progression, yet experimental evidence suggests that Saracatinib surpasses their efficacy. Preclinical trials investigating the potential of Saracatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have shown to be more effective than current IPF drugs in slowing disease progression in preclinical studies. Also, Sotatercept,a fusion protein, has been shown to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and improve exercise tolerance in patients with PH associated with IPF in clinical trials.

Conclusions

The advancements discussed in this review hold the promise of improving the quality of life for IPF patients and enhancing our understanding of this condition. There remains a need for further research to confirm the efficacy and safety of new IPF treatments and to develop more effective strategies for managing exacerbations.
CROSS‐CULTURAL STUDY OF THE COMMUNALITY OF CERTAIN WORD RESPONSES
Authors: Borude Ramdas R.
Published: November 2023

Cent sujets, G et F, élèves de collège, doivent choisir parmi 12 mots‐réponses, celui qui leur paraît s'associer avec chacun des 22 mots ou groupes de mots stimulus. Les réponses sont comparées aux réponses déjà disponibles d'un échantillon américain. On observe des communautés relativement marquées (environ 60%) entre les échantillons américain et indien, mais non entre les réponses de sujets indiens et celles des anciens Grecs. L'auteur discute des interprétations possibles de ces résultats.
Does green foreign investment contribute to air pollution abatement? Evidence from China
Authors: Yuan Bo , Yin Qiuyue
Published: November 2023

To better balance economic growth and environmental protection, China is encouraging green foreign direct investment (FDI), but the environmental impact remains unclear. Our study examines the environmental impact of green FDI at small spatial scales using a unique dataset. Results show that green FDI significantly alleviates local air pollution. This effect is more pronounced in the vicinity of green FDI enterprises' sites and decays as the distance increases. Also, it is more salient in areas where local governments highlight environmental protection. Heterogeneous analysis finds that the effect is more significant for enterprises that are small‐scale, sole‐venture or in manufacturing industries.
Response of lake metabolism to catchment inputs inferred using high‐frequency lake and stream data from across the northern hemisphere
Authors: Corman Jessica R. , Zwart Jacob A. , Klug Jennifer , Bruesewitz Denise A. , de Eyto Elvira , Klaus Marcus , Knoll Lesley B. , Rusak James A. , Vanni Michael J. , Alfonso María Belén , Fernandez Rocio Luz , Yao Huaxia , Austnes Kari , Couture Raoul‐Marie , de Wit Heleen A. , Karlsson Jan , Laas Alo
Published: November 2023

In lakes, the rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) are often controlled by resource availability. Herein, we explore how catchment vs. within lake predictors of metabolism compare using data from 16 lakes spanning 39°N to 64°N, a range of inflowing streams, and trophic status. For each lake, we combined stream loads of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) with lake DOC, TN, and TP concentrations and high frequency in situ monitoring of dissolved oxygen. We found that stream load stoichiometry indicated lake stoichiometry for C : N and C : P (r2 = 0.74 and r2 = 0.84, respectively), but not for N : P (r2 = 0.04). As we found a strong positive correlation between TN and TP, we only used TP in our statistical models. For the catchment model, GPP and R were best predicted by DOC load, TP load, and load N : P (R2 = 0.85 and R2 = 0.82, respectively). For the lake model, GPP and R were best predicted by TP concentrations (R2 = 0.86 and R2 = 0.67, respectively). The inclusion of N : P in the catchment model, but not the lake model, suggests that both N and P regulate metabolism and that organisms may be responding more strongly to catchment inputs than lake resources. Our models predicted NEP poorly, though it is unclear why. Overall, our work stresses the importance of characterizing lake catchment loads to predict metabolic rates, a result that may be particularly important in catchments experiencing changing hydrologic regimes related to global environmental change.
Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Thiolated Silk Fibroin
Authors: Talusig Jeremy M. , Murphy Amanda R.
Published: November 2023

Covalent attachment of thiols to the tyrosine residues of silk fibroin is accomplished with a high degree of functionalization through the reaction of a pyridyldithiol‐containing N‐hydroxysuccinimidal‐ester and an amino‐tyrosine silk intermediate. The extent of thiol modification is characterized by 1H NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy. Further modification of the thiol groups is probed by reacting with an iodoacetamide‐containing small molecule resulting in a novel fluorescent silk derivative. Last, the ability of the thiolated silk to form hydrogels in situ is investigated.