bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Determinants of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness and Its Association with Sleep Quality in Chinese Teenagers
Authors: Pan Chen-Wei , Qian Yu-Xi , Zhong Hua , Li Jun , Chen Qin
Published: September 2019

Purpose. We aimed to evaluate the distribution and determinants of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and its associations with general sleep quality in Chinese school students. Methods. 1063 grade 7 students aged 13 to 14 years with pRNFL thickness data from a school-based study on grade 7 students in Southwestern China participated in the study. The pRNFL thickness was measured on the optical coherence tomography images of a circular scan centered on the optic disc. Refractive error was measured after cycloplegia using an autorefractor and biometric parameters including axial length (AL) were measured by an IOLMaster. Participants’ sleep quality was measured by the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Results. The mean pRNFL thickness was 106.8 ± 10.7 μm among the 1063 participants. There was an increasing trend of spherical equivalent and a decreasing trend of AL with RNFL thickness. In multivariate analysis, each diopter of spherical equivalent increase was associated with 0.64 μm increase in pRNFL thickness. Girls had an increased mean pRNFL thickness compared with boys with a mean difference of 1.65 μm. Per 10 μm increase in pRNFL thickness was significantly associated with a 0.5 reduction in CSHQ score (better sleep quality). Conclusions. More myopic refractive error was the major ocular determinant of decreased pRNFL thickness. In addition, students with thinner pRNFL tended to have a worse sleep quality.
Up-to-Date Tailored Systemic Treatment in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fong Caroline Y. K. , Burke Emma , Cunningham David , Starling Naureen
Published: September 2019

Despite intensive research efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is still regarded as an aggressive and life-limiting malignancy. Combination chemotherapy regimens that underpin the current treatment approach in the advanced setting have led to incremental survival gains in recent years but have failed to confer patients with a median overall survival that exceeds 12 months from diagnosis. Research has since focussed on understanding the role and interplay between various components of the desmoplastic stroma and tumour microenvironment, in addition to developing targeted therapies based on molecular features to improve the prognosis associated with this malignancy. This review will summarise the available systemic treatment options and discuss potential methods to refine the resolution of patient selection to enhance responses to currently available therapies. Furthermore, it will explore newer approaches anticipated to come to the fore of future clinical practice, such as agents targeting the DNA damage response and tumour microenvironment as well as immunotherapy-based combinations.
Long-Term Local Injection of RAGE-Aptamer Suppresses the Growth of Malignant Melanoma in Nude Mice
Authors: Nakamura Nobutaka , Matsui Takanori , Nishino Yuri , Sotokawauchi Ami , Higashimoto Yuichiro , Yamagishi Sho-ichi
Published: September 2019

Accumulating evidence has suggested the pathological role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor RAGE axis in aging-associated disorders, including cancers. In this study, we examined the effects of local injection of RAGE-aptamer adjacent to the tumor on G361 melanoma growth in nude mice. We further investigated the effects of RAGE-aptamer on oxidative stress generation, RAGE, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene expression inNε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML)-exposed G361 melanoma cellsin vitro. Local injection of RAGE-aptamer adjacent to the tumor dramatically decreased the growth of G361 melanoma in nude mice, which was associated with reduced expression of CML, RAGE, nitrotyrosine, VEGF, CD31, and von Willebrand factor, markers of endothelial cells in G361 tumors. Furthermore, RAGE-aptamer inhibited the binding of CML to V-domain of RAGE and blocked the CML-induced increases in oxidative stress generation, RAGE, VEGF, and MCP-1 mRNA levels in G361 melanoma cells. Our present findings suggest that long-term local injection of RAGE-aptamer adjacent to the tumor could inhibit melanoma growth in nude mice partly by suppressing tumor angiogenesis via blockade of the CML-RAGE interaction. Local injection of RAGE-aptamer may be a feasible therapeutic tool for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
Ratio of Early Mitral Inflow Velocity to the Global Diastolic Strain Rate and Global Left Ventricular Longitudinal Systolic Strain Predict Overall Mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Huang Jiun-Chi , Su Ho-Ming , Wu Pei-Yu , Lee Jia-Jung , Lee Wen-Hsien , Chen Szu-Chia , Chiu Yi-Wen , Hsu Ya-Ling , Chang Jer-Ming , Chen Hung-Chun
Published: September 2019

Background. The ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to the global diastolic strain rate (E/E’sr) and global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) of the left ventricle (LV) are emerging indices of diastolic and systolic functions, respectively, for the LV. Their prognostic significance in the prediction of mortality and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes remains underexplored in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods. This prospective study included 190 maintenance HD patients. The E/E’sr ratio and GLS were assessed using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. The clinical outcomes included overall mortality, CV mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The associations between the E/E’sr ratio, GLS, and clinical outcomes were evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis. The incremental values of the E/E’sr ratio and GLS in outcome prediction were assessed by χ2 changes in Cox models. Results. Over a median follow-up period of 3.7 years, there were 35 overall deaths, 16 CV deaths, and 45 MACE. Impaired diastolic function with a higher E/E’sr ratio was associated with overall mortality (HR, 1.484; 95% CI, 1.201−1.834; p<0.001), CV mortality (HR, 1.584; 95% CI, 1.058–2.371; p=0.025), and MACE (HR, 1.205; 95% CI, 1.040−1.397; p=0.013) in multivariate adjusted Cox analysis. Worsening GLS was associated with overall mortality (HR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.101−1.480; p=0.001), CV mortality (HR, 1.513; 95% CI, 1.088−2.104; p=0.014), and MACE (HR, 1.214; 95% CI, 1.103−1.337; p<0.001). The E/E’sr ratio and GLS had better outcome prediction than the E to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/E’) ratio and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Moreover, adding the E/E’sr ratio and GLS to Cox models containing relevant clinical and conventional echocardiographic parameters improved the prediction of overall mortality (p<0.001), CV mortality (p<0.001), and MACE (p<0.001). Conclusion. The E/E’sr ratio and GLS, as emerging indices of LV diastolic and systolic functions, significantly predict mortality and CV outcomes and outperform conventional echocardiographic parameters in outcome prediction in HD patients.
Abnormal Meiosis Initiation in Germ Cell Caused by Aberrant Differentiation of Gonad Somatic Cell
Authors: Chen Min , Chen Min , Chen Suren , Zhou Jingjing , Dong Fangfang , Shen Zhiming , Wu Haowei , Cui Xiuhong , Gao Fei
Published: September 2019

The interaction between germ cell and somatic cell plays important roles in germ cell development. However, the exact function of gonad somatic cell in germ cell differentiation is unclear. In the present study, the function of gonad somatic cell in germ cell meiosis was examined by using mouse models with aberrant somatic cell differentiation. In Wt1R394W/R394W mice, the genital ridge is absent due to the apoptosis of coelomic epithelial cells. Interestingly, in both male and female Wt1R394W/R394W germ cells, STRA8 was detected at E12.5 and the scattered SYCP3 foci were observed at E13.5 which was consistent with control females. In Wt1-/flox; Cre-ERTM mice, Wt1 was inactivated by the injection of tamoxifen at E9.5 and the differentiation of Sertoli and granulosa cells was completely blocked. We found that most germ cells were located outside of genital ridge after Wt1 inactivation. STRA8, SYCP3, and γH2AX proteins were detected in germ cells of both male and female Wt1-/flox; Cre-ERTM gonads, whereas no thread-like SYCP3 signal was observed. Our study demonstrates that aberrant development of gonad somatic cells leads to ectopic expression of meiosis-associated genes in germ cells, but meiosis was arrested before prophase I. These results suggest that the proper differentiation of gonad somatic cells is essential for germ cell meiosis.
Assessing Wellbeing in People Living with Dementia Using Reminiscence Music with a Mobile App (Memory Tracks): A Mixed Methods Cohort Study
Authors: Cunningham Stuart , Brill Mark , Whalley J. Harry , Read Rebecca , Anderson Gordon , Edwards Sarah , Picking Richard
Published: September 2019

The number of people living with dementia is growing, leading to increasing pressure upon care providers. The mechanisms to reduce symptoms of dementia can take many forms and have the aim of improving the wellbeing and quality of life of the person living with dementia and those who care for them. Besides the person who has dementia, the condition has a profound impact upon their loved ones and carers. One therapeutic approach is the use of music, an area recognised as having potential benefit, but requiring further research. The present paper reports upon a mixed methods cohort study that examines the use of a musical mobile app as a way to promote song-task association in people living with dementia. The study took place in care home environments in the UK. A total of fourteen participants (N = 14) were recruited. Quantitative measurements were taken on a daily basis prior to, and during, use of the mobile app over several weeks. Metrics came from the complete Self-Assessment Manikin scale (arousal, valence, and dominance), and a subset of three from the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease questionnaire (physical health, memory, and life as a whole). Subsequently, semistructured interviews were conducted with staff at the care home to assess the impact of the app upon their role and the residents they care for. No significant differences were found in the combined quantitative measures for the ten (n = 10) sets of responses sufficient to be analysed. However, the qualitative results suggest that use of the mobile app produced positive changes in terms of behaviour, ability, and routine in the life of residents living with dementia. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence-based research in the field of musical therapies for reducing symptoms of dementia and highlight elements where further study is warranted.
Protective Effect of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharides on Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Nucleus Pulposus Cells of Rats with the Degeneration of the Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Zhai Zhaohui , Li Zhaoxin , Ji Zhonglei , Lu Xiaosheng
Published: September 2019

Objective. Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) has antioxidant activity, immune enhancement, and other biological properties. However, the effect of PSP on intervertebral disc degeneration has not been reported. In this study, we mainly investigated the effect of PSP on the apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) during the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods. A rat NPC model induced by H2O2 was constructed. The CCK8 method was used to measure the effects of PSP on the apoptosis of rat NPCs induced by H2O2. The effects on the activity of SOD and content of MDA were also determined. The rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration was treated with PSP for 1 month, and the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, COX2, iNOS, Col2α1, Col10α1, and MMP3 were measured by qPCR in the tissue of intervertebral disc. NPCs from the degenerated intervertebral discs were separated, and the cell viability was measured by the CCK8 method. The contents of SOD and MDA in NPCs were determined as well. Results. PSP significantly reduced the apoptosis of NPCs induced by H2O2, significantly increased the SOD content, and decreased the content of MDA in H2O2-induced NPCs. The expression level of IL-1β, COX2, and iNOS in the rat model with intervertebral disc degeneration was significantly downregulated after 1 month of PSP treatment. PSP treatment increased the expression of Col2α1 type and significantly decreased the expression of Col10α1 type collagen and MMP3 in rats with disc degeneration. PSP treatment significantly reduced NPC apoptosis and increased its SOD content and reduced MDA content, which is consistent with the results from cell-level experiments. Conclusion. PSP can effectively reduce the apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of H2O2-induced NPCs in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration and mitigate the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration, which has the potential to be developed as new drugs for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.
Treatment of Atypical Fracture of the Ulnar Diaphysis by Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with Teriparatide
Authors: Ito Hiroki , Miyakoshi Naohisa , Kasukawa Yuji , Sato Takeshi , Kubota Hitoshi , Sasaki Hiroshi , Mizutani Takashi , Shimada Yoichi
Published: September 2019

Atypical fractures commonly arise in the subtrochanteric region or the femoral shaft, whereas those of the upper extremities are rare. Only 15 fractures in 13 patients have been described in the English literature. The management of such fractures has not been established. We describe a patient with an atypical fracture of the ulnar diaphysis, which required revision surgery to achieve the union of the fracture site. Teriparatide together with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound contributed to bone healing. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal strategy for treating atypical fractures of the ulna.
Utilization of a Parental Approach to Informed Consent in Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator Administration Decision-Making: Patient Preference and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Murray Ann M. , Petrone Ashley B. , Adcock Amelia K.
Published: September 2019

Objective. While administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) is the standard of care in acute ischemic stroke and has been shown to have statistically significant benefit, there can also be potentially life-threatening complications; however, there is no standard informed consent approach. The purpose of this study was to present a parental, technical, and general model of informed consent for IV-TPA and to determine which approach was preferred. Methods. Survey respondents were asked to hypothetically decide whether or not to provide consent for their family member to receive IV-tPA. Respondents were presented with 3 informed consent models: one emphasizing parental qualities, one emphasizing statistical data, and one representing a general consent statement. After being presented each model, the respondents had to select their preferred consent model, as well as rate their level of agreeability toward their family member receiving the medication following each approach. Results. The results of 184 surveys showed respondents were equally as likely to give consent for their family member to receive IV-TPA following all three approaches; however, respondents were significantly more likely to prefer the parental approach compared to a technical or general approach. Conclusion. Our results indicate that while paternalism is generally discouraged in the medical community, some degree of parental language may be preferred by patients in tough decision-making situations toward consent to receive medical interventions.
Nutrients in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cremonini Anna Laura , Caffa Irene , Cea Michele , Nencioni Alessio , Odetti Patrizio , Monacelli Fiammetta
Published: September 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disease caused by the complex interaction of multiple mechanisms, some of which are still not fully understood. To date, pharmacological treatments and supplementation of individual nutrients have been poorly effective in terms of the prevention and treatment of AD, while alternative strategies based on multimodal approaches (diet, exercise, and cognitive training) seem to be more promising. In this context, the focus on dietary patterns rather than on single food components could be more useful in preventing or counteracting the pathological processes typical of AD, thanks to the potential synergistic effects of various nutrients (neuronutrients). The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the currently existing preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, which are three dietary patterns with well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Recently, they have been related to brain protection and AD prevention, perhaps thanks to their high content of neuroprotective bioactive compounds. Similarly, intermittent fasting (IF) or calorie restriction (CR) is emerging as interesting approaches that seem to promote hippocampal neurogenesis, activate adaptive stress response systems, and enhance neuronal plasticity, thus leading to motor and cognitive improvements in animal models of AD and hopefully also in human beings.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Is Associated with Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective and Retrospective Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Roberts Andrea L. , Huang Tianyi , Koenen Karestan C. , Kim Yongjoo , Kubzansky Laura D. , Tworoger Shelley S.
Published: September 2019

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer. Chronic stress accelerates tumor growth in animal models of ovarian cancer. We therefore postulated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. We used data from the Nurses' Health Study II, a longitudinal cohort study with 26 years of follow-up, conducted from 1989 to 2015 with 54,710 subjects. Lifetime PTSD symptoms were measured in 2008. Self-reported ovarian cancer was validated with medical records. Risk of ovarian cancer was estimated with Cox proportional hazards models and further adjusted for known ovarian cancer risk factors (e.g., hormonal factors) and health risk factors (e.g., smoking). Fully prospective secondary analyses examined incident ovarian cancer occurring after PTSD assessment in 2008. In addition, we examined associations by menopausal status. During follow-up, 110 ovarian cancers were identified. Women with high PTSD symptoms had 2-fold greater risk of ovarian cancer versus women with no trauma exposure [age-adjusted HR = 2.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.12–3.95]. Adjustment for health and ovarian cancer risk factors moderately attenuated this association (HR = 1.86; 95% CI, 0.98–3.51). Associations were similar or moderately stronger in fully prospective analyses (age-adjusted HR = 2.38; 95% CI, 0.98–5.76, N cases = 50) and in premenopausal women (HR = 3.42; 95% CI, 1.08–10.85). In conclusion, we show that PTSD symptoms are associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. Better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms could lead to interventions that reduce ovarian cancer risk in women with PTSD and other stress-related mental disorders.

Significance:

PTSD is associated with ovarian cancer risk, particularly in premenopausal women. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms will aid in formulating ways to reduce ovarian cancer risk associated with chronic stress.
MC1RVariation in a New Mexico Population
Authors: White Kirsten A.M. , Dailey Yvonne T. , Guest Dolores D. , Zielaskowski Kate , Robers Erika , Sussman Andrew , Hunley Keith , Hughes Christopher R. , Schwartz Matthew R. , Kaphingst Kimberly A. , Buller David B. , Hay Jennifer L. , Berwick Marianne
Published: September 2019

Background:

The Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) contributes to pigmentation, an important risk factor for developing melanoma. Evaluating SNPs in MC1R and association with race/ethnicity, skin type, and perceived cancer risk in a New Mexico (NM) population will elucidate the role of MC1R in a multicultural population.

Methods:

We genotyped MC1R in 191 NMs attending a primary care clinic in Albuquerque. We obtained individuals' self-identified race/ethnicity, skin type, and perceived cancer risk. We defined genetic risk as carriage of any one or more of the nine most common SNPs in MC1R.

Results:

We found that one MC1R SNP, R163Q (rs885479), was identified in 47.6% of self-identified Hispanics and 12.9% of non-Hispanic whites (NHW), making Hispanics at higher “genetic risk” (as defined by carrying one of the MC1R common variants). When we deleted R163Q from analyses, Hispanics were no longer at higher genetic risk (33.3%) compared with NHW (48.3%), consistent with melanoma rates, tanning ability, and lower perceived risk. Hispanics had a perceived risk significantly lower than NHW and a nonsignificant better tanning ability than NHW.

Conclusions:

The R163Q variant in MC1R may not be a risk factor for melanoma among NM Hispanics. This suggestion points to the need to carefully interpret genetic risk factors among specific populations.

Impact:

Genetic risk cannot be extrapolated from Northern European populations directly to non-European populations.
A Comprehensive Study of the Effect on Colorectal Cancer Survival of Common Germline Genetic Variation Previously Linked with Cancer Prognosis
Authors: He Yazhou , Timofeeva Maria , Li Xue , Din Farhat V.N. , Blackmur James P. , Vaughan-Shaw Peter , Svinti Victoria , Farrington Susan M. , Campbell Harry , Dunlop Malcolm G. , Theodoratou Evropi
Published: September 2019

Background:

Germline genetic variants may influence pathways of tumor progression common to multiple cancer types. Here, we investigated the association between survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis and 128 common genetic variants previously associated with prognosis in genome-wide association studies in different cancer types.

Methods:

We studied survival outcomes in a large well-documented, prospective, population-based cohort (5,675 patients with colorectal cancer) with up to 20 years' follow-up.

Results:

None of the 128 variants were significantly associated with overall or colorectal cancer–specific survival (P < 5 × 10−4, Bonferroni-corrected threshold). We observed suggestive evidence (P < 0.05) for eight variants (rs17026425, rs17057166, rs6854845, rs1728400, rs17693104, rs202280, rs6797464, and rs823920) in all colorectal cancer and two variants (rs17026425 and rs6854845) in rectal cancer that were concordant with previous reports.

Conclusions:

Given good statistical power (>0.80 for 75% of variants), this study indicates that most previously reported variants associated with cancer survival have limited influence on colorectal cancer prognosis.

Impact:

Although small effects cannot be excluded, clinically meaningful germline influences on patients with colorectal cancer as a group are unlikely.
Postnatal Cerebral Hyperoxia Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Richter Anne E. , Bos Arend F. , Huiskamp E. Angela , Kooi Elisabeth M.W.
Published: September 2019

Background: High arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) is associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), but difficult to avoid. Objective: To assess the association between severe ROP and a burden of cerebral and arterial hyperoxia. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 225 preterm infants born ≤30 weeks’ gestation. The cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and SaO2 were measured within the first 96 h after birth. We determined the burden of both cerebral and arterial hyperoxia, which was defined as the percentage of time spent at saturation thresholds exceeding 85 and 90%, respectively. Their association with severe ROP (prethreshold disease type 1) was tested using logistic regression analyses. Results: Median gestational age (GA) was 28.0 weeks (interquartile range 26.7–29.0) and mean birth weight 1,032 g (±281 SD). Eight infants developed severe ROP. Infants with severe ROP spent more time at cerebral hyperoxic levels than infants without severe ROP (medians 30 vs. 16%). Adjusted for GA, for every 10% increase in burden of cerebral hyperoxia, the OR for developing ROP was 1.50 (95% CI 1.09 – 2.06, p = 0.013). A burden of arterial hyperoxia was not associated with ROP. Infants with severe ROP experienced even less arterial hyperoxia, although not statistically significant. Conclusions: Cerebral hyperoxia may be a better early predictor of severe ROP than arterial hyperoxia. Moreover, under strict oxygen management, cerebral hyperoxia in these infants may result from cerebral immaturity rather than a high SaO2. Whether reducing cerebral hyperoxia is feasible and might prevent ROP needs to be further examined.
A Novel Homozygous Deletion within the FRY Gene Associated with Nonsyndromic Developmental Delay
Authors: Paulraj Prabakaran , Bosworth Michelle , Longhurst Maria , Hornbuckle Callie , Gotway Garrett , Lamb Allen N. , Andersen Erica F.
Published: September 2019

The role of autosomal recessive (AR) variants in clinically heterogeneous conditions such as intellectual disability and developmental delay (ID/DD) has been difficult to uncover. Implication of causative pathogenic AR variants often requires investigation within large and consanguineous families, and/or identifying rare biallelic variants in affected individuals. Furthermore, detection of homozygous gene-level copy number variants during first-line genomic microarray testing in the pediatric population is a rare finding. We describe a 6.7-year-old male patient with ID/DD and a novel homozygous deletion involving the FRY gene identified by genomic SNP microarray. This deletion was observed within a large region of homozygosity on the long arm of chromosome 13 and in a background of increased low-level (2.6%) autosomal homozygosity, consistent with a reported common ancestry in the family. FRY encodes a protein that regulates cell cytoskeletal dynamics, functions in chromosomal alignment in mitosis in vitro, and has been shown to function in the nervous system in vivo. Homozygous mutation of FRY has been previously reported in 2 consanguineous families from studies of autosomal recessive ID in Middle Eastern and Northern African populations. This report provides additional supportive evidence that deleterious biallelic mutation of FRY is associated with ID/DD and illustrates the utility of genomic SNP microarray detection of low-level homozygosity.
Atypical Presentation of Neisseria meningitidis
Authors: Rashad Essam , Jamal Rafeh , Farooq Madiha
Published: September 2019

Neisseria meningitidis is an organism that can cause life-threatening infections of the meninges and blood. We present two patients with atypical presentation of meningococcemia without neurological or dermatological findings, and without evidence of infection on spinal fluid analysis. Both patients attended the Emergency Department with sepsis. The first patient presented with symptoms of a lower respiratory tract infection and had right-sided infiltrates on his chest X-ray, prompting the initial diagnosis of pneumonia. The second patient presented with abdominal pain and loose stools, suggesting gastroenteritis. Both patients’ blood cultures came back positive for Neisseria meningitidis. They received intravenous antibiotics and were discharged a week after admission in a stable condition without any complications. This case series highlights that Neisseria meningitidis can present without classical findings and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory tract infections as well as gastroenteritis in order to provide early treatment and prevent irreversible complications.
Os Contos de Ferréz, a Nova Literatura Marginal e o Rap
Authors: Bautz Diego Kauê
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é o de apresentar brevemente algumas das discussões a respeito dos contos de Ferréz, da nova literatura marginal e do rap presentes na dissertação intitulada Os contos de Ferréz: das relações entre a nova literatura marginal e o rap. Para tal, procurou-se tecer comentários a fim de sintetizar as principais linhas de investigação: o lugar de enunciação das produções periféricas e a sua relação com um complexo contrato de leitura que confunde os limites entre dados ficcionais e factuais; o peculiar princípio ético que orienta esse tipo de obra; e a oralidade. Desta forma, pôde-se compreender que os contos de Ferréz se associam a uma produção identificada à cultura do hip-hop nacional. O que é possível reconhecer na utilização de um registro linguístico peculiar que confere coesão ao grupo. Sendo assim, a escrita ferreziana expressa pouca autonomia criativa do escritor, pois se articula coletivamente baseada nos preceitos do hip-hop.
Destinos sem grandeza: a trajetória trágica das mulheres em Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
Authors: Gomes Evellin Naianna Souza Oliveira , Barros Flávia Aninger de
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho visa discutir o lugar trágico feminino retratado na obra de Machado de Assis, Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (1881). Busca-se, através da análise, empreender uma discussão acerca da figura feminina enclausurada nos (des)caminhos do século XIX, restritos ao lar e dependentes da figura masculina. Machado de Assis, na obra estudada, mostra a figura feminina pelas lentes de seu século, entretanto, fornece o retrato de mulheres que têm vontades e desejos. Para os estudos machadianos foram utilizados os estudos de Barbosa (1989), Bosi (2006 e 2017) e Zolin (1994) entre outros. Como suporte para os conceitos da tragicidade recorremos a Vernant (1999) e Most (2001). Através da crítica tecida por Machado, tem-se uma noção da delimitação dos espaços permitidos e das possibilidades restritas ao corpo feminino. Marcela, Eugênia, Virgília e Eulália representam mulheres que se dirigem ao casamento e ao lar de diferentes maneiras. Suas vidas são o resultado de um pensamento cultural imbuído da ideia de que, à mulher, está reservado um único papel, o de esposa e mãe. Em nossa leitura, Machado aponta para os “destinos sem grandeza”, indicando uma tragicidade baseada na incompatibilidade entre homem e mundo, aspecto que fundamenta a existência humana.
Age de Carvalho e a Estrangeiridade na Composição Poética
Authors: Guimarães Mayara Ribeiro , Coroa Leila Melo
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho se dispôs a estudar como a noção de estrangeiridade se faz central na poesia de Age de Carvalho. Assim, faz-se necessário investigar a condição de estrangeiro diretamente ligada à experiência de autoexílio vivenciada por Age e expressa no seu fazer poético por meio do sentimento de não pertencimento e deslocamento no contato com a língua e com a cultura alemã. Além disso, é imperioso verificar como essa condição se vincula à experiência de estranhamento da linguagem na escrita poética, uma vez que a própria condição do poeta implica levar a experiência com a língua ao lugar de estranhamento, o que permite ao poeta desabitar a própria língua para poder estranhá-la, retirando a palavra do seu bem-estar – processo que lhe permite testar todas as possibilidades dentro do poema, o que amplia também o cenário dentro da linguagem – e, provoca assim, a interrupção de processos interpretativos automáticos e abre espaço para a diferença.
Tailoring P2Y
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Inhibiting Therapy in Elderly Patients With Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Capranzano Piera , Angiolillo Dominick J.
Published: September 2019

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Schmucker et al
Implementing the SDG-13 through the Adoption of Hybrid Law: Addressing Climate-Induced Displacement
Authors: Jolly Stellina , Trivedi Abhishek
Published: September 2019

The sustainable development goals (sdgs) with their integrated linkage of development and environmental concerns have been hailed as a paradigm shift in the attainment of sustainability. The article attempts to understand the normative framework that underwrites international law and sdg-13 vis-a-vis climate change with a special focus on climate-induced displacement. It explores the existing provisions, limitations, and gaps under international law with regard to displacement associated with climate change. More specifically, the analysis assesses the potential of hybrid law in promoting the goals of sdg-13. The hybrid law approach proposed in this article involves the amalgamation of substantive norms from different branches of international law, integration of norms of differing legal status and engagement of state and non-state actors. The analysis explores the concept of hybrid law, surveys the Nansen Protection Agenda and the Global Compact on Migration and analyses their suitability in exploring solutions to climate displacement. The article evaluates how the adoption of the sdgs provides a foundation for the development of a hybrid law in examining solutions to climate displacement under sdg-13.
Sheathia matouensis (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red algal species from North China

Authors: HAN JIN-FEN , NAN FANG-RU , FENG JIA , LV JUN-PING , LIU QI , LIU XU-DONG , XIE SHU-LIAN
Published: September 2019

A new species of freshwater red alga, Sheathia matouensis, is described and illustrated based on material collected in spring water from the Hongdong region of Shanxi province, China. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence data from the rbcL and psbA indicated the separation between S. matouensis and the other species of genus Sheathia. Additionally, from a morphological point of view, S. matouensis differs from other species of the genus Sheathia by the smaller whorls and carpogonium. Therefore, the results based on both morphological observation and molecular evidences facilitated the proposal of this new species - S. matouensis. It represents another species in the freshwater red algal diversity in China and the description of this new species provides more molecular data for phylogenetic analysis of genus Sheathia.
A new Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Amazonian Brazil: an unusual combination of features reveals more variability than previously thought

Authors: GIARETTA AUGUSTO , SANO PAULO TAKEO
Published: September 2019

Myrtaceae includes the genus Eugenia with ca. 1100 species mostly distributed in South and Central America. Molecular phylogenies currently support a broad and monophyletic Eugenia including species with bud closed by the fused calyx but splitting at anthesis, style length twice as the stamens, and ovary internally hairy. These characters have been consistently associated to infrageneric groups; however, Eugenia lasiothecia, a new exceptional species that retains an unusual combination of fused calyx in the bud, bracteoles fused forming a ring, and ovary internally hairy prevent a reliable placement into one of the infrageneric sections of Eugenia based on current morphological knowledge. This new species is described, illustrated and a distribution map is provided. Additionally, its conservation status is discussed.
Dendrobium nagataksaka (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), A New Species of Section Spatulata From Papua, Indonesia

Authors: METUSALA DESTARIO
Published: September 2019

Dendrobium nagataksaka, a new species of Dendrobium section Spatulata (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, is described and illustrated. The flower of this new species is morphologically close to Dendrobium gouldii, but differs in having longer midlobe relative to the sidelobes which it is as long as the sidelobes, a different shape midlobe, and a different shape keels on lip.
Neidiomorpha gusevii—a new diatom species (Bacillariophyceae: Neidiaceae) from Southeast Asia

Authors: GLUSHCHENKO ANTON , KOCIOLEK JOHN PATRICK , KUZNETSOVA IRINA , KEZLYA ELENA , KULIKOVSKIY MAXIM
Published: September 2019

We present light and scanning electron microscopical observations on one new species of Neidiomorpha from Vietnam. The new species, Nediomorpha gusevii Glushchenko, Kulikovskiy & Kociolek sp. nov., is described on the basis valve outline, shape of the apices, as well as striae and areolae densities. Morphology of Neidiomorpha species, especially on the basis valve outline, is discussed. Neidiomorpha gusevii sp. nov. possesses all of the typical morphological features for the genus, including valves that have longitudinal canals with pleuriseriate coverings, constrictions about the center, rostrate apices, uniseriate striae, absence of renilimbii, straight raphe with small central pores and hooked distal raphe ends going to mantle, and lacking lacinia. Our new species is compared with other three known species from the genus Neidiomorpha, including N. binodis, N. binodiforme and N. sichuaniana. N. gusevii sp. nov. is the first species of Neidiomorpha documented with LM and SEM from Southeast Asia.
Stachytarpheta sobraliana (Verbenaceae), a new species from the Serra de São José, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Authors: CARDOSO PEDRO HENRIQUE , ALVES RUY JOSÉ VÁLKA , NETO LUIZ MENINI , SALIMENA FÁTIMA REGINA GONÇALVES
Published: September 2019

We describe a new species of Stachytarpheta endemic to the campos rupestres of the São José mountain range in south-central Minas Gerais, Brazil. Stachytarpheta sobraliana is characterized by canescent branches, abaxial leaf surfaces, bracts and calyces; leaves congested at the stem apices of adult individuals; ovate to orbicular leaf blades with rounded apices and rounded to obtuse bases; bracts with caudate, subulate apices; four-toothed calyces; and corollas with cobalt blue to purple tubes and sky blue to lilac laciniae. We provide a detailed diagnosis, a comparison with the morphologically most similar and sympatric species, a key to the informal group “commutata”, conservation status and photos of live specimens.
A new species of Ceanothus (Rhamnaceae) from Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico

Authors: VILLARREAL-QUINTANILLA JOSÉ A. , ESTRADA-CASTILLÓN EDUARDO , ENCINA-DOMÍNGUEZ JUAN A.
Published: September 2019

Ceanothus fernandezii is described as a new species in the subgenus Ceanothus from the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican state of Durango. It differs from known species of Ceanothus for having rigid secondary branches with elliptic to ovate leaves with three veins at the base and a pubescent  lower surface, white flowers and smooth fruit. Description, photographs, a key and a distribution map are presented for the new species.
First South American record of the rare ichneumonoid subfamily Masoninae van Achterberg (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea: Ichneumonidae) with description of a new species from Brazil
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L.J. , CHAUL JÚLIO CEZAR MÁRIO , BUTCHER BUNTIKA A.
Published: September 2019

Masona popeye Quicke & Chaul sp. n. is described from Brazil, and differentiated from other species of the genus. Described extant species of Masona are known from Australia and south eastern U.S.A. (Georgia and Florida including the Key Islands). Two undescribed species are known from Tanzania and Cambodia. The new species is therefore the first representative of the subfamily Masoninae van Achterberg from South America, demonstrating the completely cosmopolitan distribution of this very poorly known group. The new species most closely resembles a fossil species, M. pyriceps van Achterberg, 2001, from Dominican amber with which it shares the plesiomorphic presence of a scutellum.
Revision of Pyrrhalta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) species with maculate elytra
Authors: BEZDĚK JAN , LEE CHI-FENG
Published: September 2019

Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 species with maculate elytra are revised. Pyrrhalta maculata is shown to be a complex of several species. Seven species are recognized: P. maculata Gressitt & Kimoto, 1963 (Fujian, Taiwan), P. carolusi sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand), P. kaboureki sp. nov. (Sumatra), P. kambaitiensis sp. nov. (Myanmar), P. lucka sp. nov. (Laos, Thailand, Yunnan), P. schillhammeri sp. nov. (Laos) and P. tsoui sp. nov. (Taiwan). Colour photos of habitus, as well as drawings of male and female genitalia are provided.
Description of the larva of Catadromus lacordairei Boisduval, 1835 (Coleoptera: Carabidae), a threatened carabid, from Tasmania, Australia
Authors: RICHARDS KAREN , SPENCER CHRIS P.
Published: September 2019

The carabid beetle genus Catadromus MacLeay (Coleoptera: Carabidae) is endemic to the Australasian region. Of the five currently recognised species, only one, C. lacordairei Boisduval, 1835 occurs in Tasmania, Australia, where it is listed as a threatened species on the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995. In the present paper, we describe and illustrate the larva of C. lacordairei, providing the first detailed larval description of a member of this genus.
Two new species of Coelinius Nees (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae) from Mexico
Authors: FIGUEROA JOSÉ ISAAC , SÁNCHEZ-GARCÍA JOSÉ ANTONIO , PINEDA SAMUEL , MARTÍNEZ ANA MABEL , KULA ROBERT R.
Published: September 2019

Two new species, Coelinius carmenae Figueroa, Sánchez, and Kula, n. sp. and Coelinius danielae Figueroa, Sánchez, and Kula, n. sp., from Mexico are described and illustrated. These are the first records of Coelinius sensu Wharton (1994) reported from Mexico. Four Nearctic species, Coelinius mahackemoi (Viereck), stat. rev., Coelinius meromyzae Forbes, stat. rev., Coelinius nigripes Ashmead, stat. rev., and Coelinius occom (Viereck), stat. rev. are returned to Coelinius Nees from Coelinidea Viereck. Coelinius longulus Ashmead, stat. rev. is returned from Lepton Zetterstedt, 1838 nec Turton, 1822 to Coelinius. Coelinius linearis (Provancher), n. comb. is transferred from Coelinidea to Coelinius.
An Analysis of the Processes Affecting Rapid Near-Surface Water Vapor Increases during the Afternoon to Evening Transition in Oklahoma
Authors: Blumberg W. G. , Turner D. D. , Cavallo S. M. , Gao Jidong , Basara J. , Shapiro A.
Published: September 2019

This study used 20 years of Oklahoma Mesonet data to investigate the changes of near-surface water vapor mixing ratio qυ during the afternoon to evening transition (AET). Similar to past studies, increases in qυ are found to occur near sunset. However, the location, magnitude, and timing of the qυ maximum occurring during the AET are shown to be dependent on the seasonal growth and harvest of vegetation across Oklahoma in the spring and summer months. Particularly, the late spring harvest of winter wheat grown in Oklahoma appears to modify the relative contribution of local and nonlocal processes on qυ. By analyzing time series of qυ during the AET, it is found that the likelihood of a presunset qυ maximum is strongly dependent upon vegetation, soil moisture, wind speed, and cloud cover. Analysis also reveals that the increase in qυ during the AET can increase the parcel conditional instability despite the surface cooling produced by loss of insolation. Next to known changes in low-level wind shear, these changes in instability and moisture demonstrate new ways the AET can modify the presence of the key ingredients relevant to explaining the climatological increase in severe convective storm hazards around sunset.
Systems for Conflict Resolution in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Behrens Martin , Colvin Alexander J. S. , Dorigatti Lisa , Pekarek Andreas H.
Published: September 2019

A cornerstone of industrial relations theory is the idea that the potential for conflict is inherent in the employment relationship. Across countries, forms of workplace conflict and methods of conflict resolution take a range of different forms. Yet aside from attempts to understand cross-national variation in strikes, little research has examined systemic differences in the manifestation and management of workplace conflict. The authors seek to fill this void by analyzing through a comparative lens practices for addressing employment-related conflict in four countries: Germany, the United States, Italy, and Australia. In contrast to the unidimensional varieties of capitalism approach, they analyze workplace conflict resolution systems across two dimensions: collective-individual and regulated-voluntarist. The analysis also emphasizes the importance of within-country variation and interactions between different conflict resolution subsystems.
A Qualitative Study of Health in All Policies at the Local Level
Authors: Mundo William , Manetta Peter , Fort Meredith P. , Sauaia Angela
Published: September 2019

Health in All Policies (HiAP) encourage health-conscious policymaking in non-health sectors; however, there are no standardized measures or guides for assessing progress in HiAP implementation. The purpose of this study was to describe how HiAP in local public health agencies (LPHAs) are implemented at the local level in Colorado and identify challenges and opportunities for implementation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 key informants identified through purposive sampling. Interviews were recorded, double-coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes we identified relating to the implementation of different HiAP approaches were as follows: the importance of building trusting relationships, a need to understand the work of LPHAs and public health, and LPHA structure and role clarity. Tools and tactics that respondents identified in their implementation and practice of HiAP are sharing data and data platforms, community dashboarding, providing services to partners, sharing programs or services, attending meetings regularly, and measurement instruments. This study demonstrates HiAP approach variation and the need for a state-wide standardized framework for initiatives and progress. Future HiAP implementation research should focus on county-level analysis using outcomes that LPHAs are targeting based on their health priorities and should also capture the activities of sectors outside of public health.
Gender differences in young children’s compliance to maternal directives: A meta-analysis
Authors: Silverman Irwin W.
Published: September 2019

Evolutionary theory and several lines of evidence suggest that the motive to establish positive relationships with others is stronger in females than males. Accordingly, it was predicted that in young children, girls would be more likely than boys to comply with their mothers’ directives. To test this prediction, the present meta-analysis examined gender differences in compliance to maternal directives in young children (ages 1–7 years) as assessed on structured tasks. The meta-analysis was performed on 80 effect sizes derived from 49 studies conducted in 10 countries. Two categories of studies were distinguished: those that assessed compliance with respect to the child’s presumed motives for performing compliant and those that assessed compliance without reference to the child’s presumed motives. For the former category of studies, girls were higher in internally motivated compliance whether the task required performing an action or not performing an action, and boys were higher in externally motivated compliance when the task required not performing an action. For the latter category of studies, results were mixed, with some evidence indicating that girls were higher in compliance. No evidence was found indicating that the magnitude of the gender differences changed with age. One caveat is that the effect sizes analyzed might have been attenuated due to measurement error. Discussion focuses on a number of explanations that may be offered to account for the gender differences found in internally motivated compliance favoring girls.