bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CGMega: explainable graph neural network framework with attention mechanisms for cancer gene module dissection
Authors: Li Hao , Han Zebei , Sun Yu , Wang Fu , Hu Pengzhen , Gao Yuang , Bai Xuemei , Peng Shiyu , Ren Chao , Xu Xiang , Liu Zeyu , Chen Hebing , Yang Yang , Bo Xiaochen
Published: July 2024

Cancer is rarely the straightforward consequence of an abnormality in a single gene, but rather reflects a complex interplay of many genes, represented as gene modules. Here, we leverage the recent advances of model-agnostic interpretation approach and develop CGMega, an explainable and graph attention-based deep learning framework to perform cancer gene module dissection. CGMega outperforms current approaches in cancer gene prediction, and it provides a promising approach to integrate multi-omics information. We apply CGMega to breast cancer cell line and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and we uncover the high-order gene module formed by ErbB family and tumor factors NRG1, PPM1A and DLG2. We identify 396 candidate AML genes, and observe the enrichment of either known AML genes or candidate AML genes in a single gene module. We also identify patient-specific AML genes and associated gene modules. Together, these results indicate that CGMega can be used to dissect cancer gene modules, and provide high-order mechanistic insights into cancer development and heterogeneity.
Anomalous flocking in nonpolar granular Brownian vibrators
Authors: Chen Yangrui , Zhang Jie
Published: July 2024

Using Brownian vibrators, we investigated the structures and dynamics of quasi-2d granular materials, with packing fractions (ϕ) ranging from 0.111 to 0.832. Our observations revealed a remarkable large-scale flocking behavior in hard granular disk systems, encompassing four distinct phases: granular fluid, flocking fluid, poly-crystal, and crystal. Anomalous flocking emerges at ϕ = 0.317, coinciding with a peak in local density fluctuations, and ceased at ϕ = 0.713 as the system transitioned into a poly-crystal state. The poly-crystal and crystal phases resembled equilibrium hard disks, while the granular and flocking fluids differed significantly from equilibrium systems and previous experiments involving uniformly driven spheres. This disparity suggests that collective motion arises from a competition controlled by volume fraction, involving an active force and an effective attractive interaction resulting from inelastic particle collisions. Remarkably, these findings align with recent theoretical research on the flocking motion of spherical active particles without alignment mechanisms.
Transverse emittance reduction in muon beams by ionization cooling
Authors:   The MICE Collaboration, Bogomilov M. , Tsenov R. , Vankova-Kirilova G. , Song Y. P. , Tang J. Y. , Li Z. H. , Bertoni R. , Bonesini M. , Chignoli F. , Mazza R. , de Bari A. , Orestano D. , Tortora L. , Kuno Y. , Sakamoto H. , Sato A. , Ishimoto S. , Chung M. , Sung C. K. , Filthaut F. , Fedorov M. , Jokovic D. , Maletic D. , Savic M. , Jovancevic N. , Nikolov J. , Vretenar M. , Ramberger S. , Asfandiyarov R. , Blondel A. , Drielsma F. , Karadzhov Y. , Boyd S. , Greis J. R. , Lord T. , Pidcott C. , Taylor I. , Charnley G. , Collomb N. , Dumbell K. , Gallagher A. , Grant A. , Griffiths S. , Hartnett T. , Martlew B. , Moss A. , Muir A. , Mullacrane I. , Oates A. , Owens P. , Stokes G. , Warburton P. , White C. , Adams D. , Bayliss V. , Boehm J. , Bradshaw T. W. , Brown C. , Courthold M. , Govans J. , Hayler T. , Hills M. , Lagrange J. B. , Macwaters C. , Nichols A. , Preece R. , Ricciardi S. , Rogers C. , Stanley T. , Tarrant J. , Tucker M. , Watson S. , Wilson A. , Bayes R. , Nugent J. C. , Soler F. J. P. , Chatzitheodoridis G. T. , Dick A. J. , Ronald K. , Whyte C. G. , Young A. R. , Gamet R. , Cooke P. , Blackmore V. J. , Colling D. , Dobbs A. , Dornan P. , Franchini P. , Hunt C. , Jurj P. B. , Kurup A. , Long K. , Martyniak J. , Middleton S. , Pasternak J. , Uchida M. A. , Cobb J. H. , Booth C. N. , Hodgson P. , Langlands J. , Overton E. , Pec V. , Smith P. J. , Wilbur S. , Ellis M. , Gardener R. B. S. , Kyberd P. , Nebrensky J. J. , DeMello A. , Gourlay S. , Lambert A. , Li D. , Luo T. , Prestemon S. , Virostek S. , Palmer M. , Witte H. , Adey D. , Bross A. D. , Bowring D. , Liu A. , Neuffer D. , Popovic M. , Rubinov P. , Freemire B. , Hanlet P. , Kaplan D. M. , Mohayai T. A. , Rajaram D. , Snopok P. , Torun Y. , Cremaldi L. M. , Sanders D. A. , Coney L. R. , Hanson G. G. , Heidt C.
Published: July 2024

Accelerated muon beams have been considered for the next-generation studies of high-energy lepton–antilepton collisions and neutrino oscillations. However, high-brightness muon beams have not yet been produced. The main challenge for muon acceleration and storage stems from the large phase-space volume occupied by the beam, derived from the production mechanism of muons through the decay of pions. The phase-space volume of the muon beam can be decreased through ionization cooling. Here we show that ionization cooling leads to a reduction in the transverse emittance of muon beams that traverse lithium hydride or liquid hydrogen absorbers in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment. Our results represent a substantial advance towards the realization of muon-based facilities that could operate at the energy and intensity frontiers.
A dataset of alternately located segments in protein crystal structures
Authors: Rosenberg Aviv A. , Marx Ailie , Bronstein Alexander M.
Published: July 2024

Protein Data Bank (PDB) files list the relative spatial location of atoms in a protein structure as the final output of the process of fitting and refining to experimentally determined electron density measurements. Where experimental evidence exists for multiple conformations, atoms are modelled in alternate locations. Programs reading PDB files commonly ignore these alternate conformations by default leaving users oblivious to the presence of alternate conformations in the structures they analyze. This has led to underappreciation of their prevalence, under characterisation of their features and limited the accessibility to this high-resolution data representing structural ensembles. We have trawled PDB files to extract structural features of residues with alternately located atoms. The output includes the distance between alternate conformations and identifies the location of these segments within the protein chain and in proximity of all other atoms within a defined radius. This dataset should be of use in efforts to predict multiple structures from a single sequence and support studies investigating protein flexibility and the association with protein function.
Optimization of machining parameters for turning operation of heat-treated Ti-6Al-3Mo-2Nb-2Sn-2Zr-1.5Cr alloy by Taguchi method
Authors: Elshaer Ramadan N. , El-Aty Ali Abd , Sayed Esraa M. , Barakat Azza F. , Sobh Arafa S.
Published: July 2024

TC21 alloy is a high-strength titanium alloy that has been gaining attention in various industries for its excellent combination of strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. Given that this alloy is hard to cut material, therefore this study aims to optimize the process parameters of Turing this alloy under different conditions (i.e. as-received alloy, and heat-treated alloy). The L9 Taguchi approach-base orthogonal array is used to determine the optimum cutting parameters and the least number of experimental trials required. The achievement of this target, three different cutting parameters are used in the experimental work; each cutting parameter has three levels. The cutting speeds are chosen as 120, 100, and 80 m/min. The feed rates’ values are 0.15, 0.1, and 0.05, mm/rev, and the depth of cut values are 0.6, 0.4, and 0.2 mm. After applying three steps of heat treatment (First step: is heating the sample to 920 °C for 1 h then decreasing to 820 °C also for 1 h, second step: cooling the sample to room temperature by water quenching (WQ), the third step: holding the sample at 600 °C for 4 h (Aging process)). The results revealed that the triple heat treatment led to the change in the microstructure from (α + β) to (α + β) with secondary α platelets (αs) formed in residual β matrix leading to a decreased surface roughness by 56.25% and tool wear by 24.18%. The two most critical factors that affect the tool insert wear and surface roughness are the death of cut and cutting speed, which contribute 46.6% and 46.7% of the total, respectively. Feed rate, on the other hand, has the least importance, contributing 20.2% and 31.9% respectively.
Effects of cluster size on trypophobic discomfort in children aged 4–9 years
Authors: Imura Tomoko , Suzuki Chiharu , Kasahara Mai , Sasaki Kyoshiro , Yamada Yuki , Shirai Nobu
Published: July 2024

It has been reported that strong discomfort associated with clusters of circles and holes (trypophobia), including lotus pod seeds, manifests in individuals as young as 4 or 5 years old. This study investigated how the size and number of circles within clusters affected discomfort levels in adults and in children aged 4–9 years. In Experiment 1, we confirmed that the remote experimental procedure could evoke discomfort when participants were presented with cluster images. The findings reveal that children as young as 4 or 5 years old consistently experienced discomfort when rating trypophobic images, even printed images rated in real time during video calls. In Experiment 2, we explored the impact of cluster size, considering both the size and number of circles, in a remote experiment. The results indicate that discomfort tended to increase with cluster size in both children and adults, with the effect becoming more pronounced with age.
Compensation of capacitive currents in high-throughput dielectrophoretic separators
Authors: Giesler Jasper , Weirauch Laura , Thöming Jorg , Baune Michael
Published: July 2024

Separation and classification are important operations in particle technology, but they are still limited in terms of suspended particles in the micrometer and nanometer size-range. Electrical fields can be beneficial for sorting such particles according to material properties. A mechanism based on strong and inhomogeneous fields is dielectrophoresis (DEP). It can be used to separate microparticles according to their material properties, such as conductivity and permittivity, by selectively trapping one particle type while the other can pass the separator. Conventional DEP-separators show either a limitation in throughput or frequency bandwidth. A low throughput limits the economical feasibility in many cases. A lower frequency bandwidth limits the variety of materials that can be sorted by DEP. To separate semiconducting particles from a mixture containing particles with higher conductivity according to their material, high frequencies are required. Possible applications are the separation of semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotubes or the separation of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate particles from graphite in the recycling process of spent lithium-ion batteries. In this publication, we aim to display how to tune the electrical impedance of a high-throughput DEP separator based on custom-designed printed circuit boards to increase its frequency bandwidth. By adding inductors to the electrical circuit, we were able to increase the frequency bandwidth from 500 kHz to over 11 MHz. The experiments in this study act as proof-of-principle. Furthermore, a non-deterministic way to increase the impedance of the setup is shown, yielding a maximum frequency of 39.16 MHz.
Association between eating speed and atherosclerosis in relation to growth differentiation factor-15 levels in older individuals in a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shimizu Yuji , Kawashiri Shin-Ya , Noguchi Yuko , Sasaki Nagisa , Matsuyama Mutsumi , Nakamichi Seiko , Arima Kazuhiko , Nagata Yasuhiro , Maeda Takahiro , Hayashida Naomi
Published: July 2024

Although fast eating speed has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors, no studies have reported an association between fast eating speed and atherosclerosis as evaluated by carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT). Rapid glucose ingestion is known to cause glucose spikes, which may accelerate atherogenesis and increase levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15). Therefore, GDF-15 levels may influence the association between fast eating speed and atherosclerosis. To evaluate the association between eating speed and atherosclerosis in relation to GDF-15, this cross-sectional study analyzed 742 Japanese aged 60–69 years. They were required to have normal thyroid hormone levels, because both GDF-15 levels and atherosclerosis (CIMT ≥ 1.1 mm) can be influenced by thyroid dysfunction. Participants were stratified by the median GDF-15 level. A significant positive association was observed between fast eating speed and atherosclerosis, but only among participants with a high GDF-15 level: the sex- and age-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.95 (1.09, 3.48) in participants with a high GDF-15 level, and 0.83 (0.37, 1.88) in those with a low GDF-15 level. This association remained even after further adjustment for thyroid function and metabolic factors. Serum concentrations of GDF-15 may mediate the association between fast eating speed and atherosclerosis.
Two novel members of Onygenales, Keratinophyton kautmanovae and K. keniense spp. nov. from soil
Authors: Labuda Roman , Scheffenacker Vanessa , Schüller Andreas , Voleková Broňa , Kubátová Alena , Kandemir Hazal , Maritim Winnie Cherotich , Matasyoh Josphat , Gorfer Markus , Schüller Christoph , Strauss Joseph
Published: July 2024

Two new Keratinophyton species, K. kautmanovae sp. nov. and K. keniense sp. nov., isolated from soil samples originating from two different geographical and environmental locations (Africa and Europe) are described and illustrated. Phylogenetically informative sequences obtained from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the nuclear large subunit (LSU) rDNA, as well as their unique phenotype, fully support novelty of these two fungi for this genus. Based on ITS and LSU combined phylogeny, both taxa are resolved in a cluster with eight accepted species, including K. alvearium, K. chongqingense, K. hubeiense, K. durum, K. lemmensii, K. siglerae, K. submersum, and K. sichuanense. The new taxon, K. kautmanovae, is characterized by clavate, smooth to coarsely verrucose conidia, absence of arthroconidia, slow growth at 25 °C, and no growth at 30 °C, while K. keniense is morphologically unique with a high diversity of conidial shapes (clavate, filiform, globose, cymbiform and rhomboid). Both species are described based on their asexual, a chrysosporium-like morph. While the majority of hitherto described Keratinophyton taxa came from Europe, India and China, the new species K. keniense represents the first reported taxonomic novelty for this genus from Africa.
Analysis of granulysin expression in vitiligo and halo-nevus
Authors: Hlača Nika , Vičić Marijana , Kaštelan Marija , Dekanić Andrea , Prpić-Massari Larisa
Published: July 2024

Vitiligo and halo nevus are immune-mediated skin diseases that have a similar pathogenesis and involve cellular cytotoxicity mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of the cytolytic molecule granulysin (GNLY) in different cytotoxic cells in skin samples of vitiligo and halo nevus. Skin biopsies were taken from perilesional and lesional skin of ten vitiligo patients, eight patients with halo nevus and ten healthy controls. We analysed the expression of GNLY by immunohistochemistry in CD8+ and CD56+ NK cells. A significantly higher accumulation of GNLY+, CD8+ GNLY+ and fewer CD56+ GNLY+ cells was found in the lesional skin of vitiligo and halo nevus than in the healthy skin. These cells were localised in the basal epidermis and papillary dermis, suggesting that GNLY may be involved in the immune response against melanocytes. Similarly, but to a lesser extent, upregulation of GNLY+ and CD8+ GNLY+ cells was observed in the perilesional skin of vitiligo and halo nevus compared to healthy controls. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time an increased expression of CD8+ GNLY+ T lymphocytes and CD56+ GNLY+ NK cells in lesions of vitiligo and halo nevus, indicating the role of GNLY in the pathogenesis of both diseases.
Effects of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor on ketone body metabolism in pre-heart failure/heart failure patients
Authors: Kashiwagi Yusuke , Nagoshi Tomohisa , Tanaka Yoshiro , Oi Yuhei , Kimura Haruka , Ogawa Kazuo , Kawai Makoto , Yoshimura Michihiro
Published: July 2024

Recently, a mild elevation of the blood ketone levels was found to exert multifaceted cardioprotective effects. To investigate the effect of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) on the blood ketone body levels, 46 stable pre-heart failure (HF)/HF patients were studied, including 23 who switched from angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) to ARNIs (ARNI group) and 23 who continued treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs (control group). At baseline, there were no significant differences in the total ketone body (TKB) levels between the two groups. Three months later, the TKB levels in the ARNI group were higher than the baseline values (baseline to 3 months: 71 [51, 122] to 92 [61, 270] μmol/L, P < 0.01). In the control group, no significant change was observed between the baseline and 3 months later. A multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the initiation of ARNI and an increase in the blood non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels at 3 months increased the percentage changes in the TKB levels from baseline to 3 months (%ΔTKB level) (initiation of ARNI: P = 0.017, NEFA level at 3 months: P < 0.001). These results indicate that ARNI administration induces a mild elevation of the blood TKB levels in pre-HF/HF patients.
An imbalanced learning method based on graph tran-smote for fraud detection
Authors: Wen Jintao , Tang Xianghong , Lu Jianguang
Published: July 2024

Fraud seriously threatens individual interests and social stability, so fraud detection has attracted much attention in recent years. In scenarios such as social media, fraudsters typically hide among numerous benign users, constituting only a small minority and often forming “small gangs”. Due to the scarcity of fraudsters, the conventional graph neural network might overlook or obscure critical fraud information, leading to insufficient representation of fraud characteristics. To address these issues, the tran-smote on graphs (GTS) method for fraud detection is proposed by this study. Structural features of each type of node are deeply mined using a subgraph neural network extractor, these features are integrated with attribute features using transformer technology, and the node’s information representation is enriched, thereby addressing the issue of inadequate feature representation. Additionally, this approach involves setting a feature embedding space to generate new nodes representing minority classes, and an edge generator is used to provide relevant connection information for these new nodes, alleviating the class imbalance problem. The results from experiments on two real datasets demonstrate that the proposed GTS, performs better than the current state-of-the-art baseline.
Iodine(I) pnictogenate complexes as Iodination reagents
Authors: Mohan Sharath , Rissanen Kari , Ward Jas S.
Published: July 2024

Halogen(I) complexes are widely used as halogenation reagents and traditionally feature homoleptic stabilising Lewis bases, though the recent revitalisation of iodine(I) carboxylate chemistry has provided isolable examples of heteroleptic iodine(I) complexes. This work reports iodine(I) pnictogenate complexes stabilised by a Lewis base (L), Ph2P(O)O─I─L, synthesised via cation exchange from the silver(I) precursor, (Ph2P(O)OAg)n. The complexes were characterised in both solution (1H, 1H-15N HMBC, 31P) and the solid state, and supplemented computationally by DFT studies. Interestingly, these iodine(I) pnictogenates demonstrate a range of stabilities, and have been found to excel as iodination reagents in comparison to carbonyl hypoiodites, with comparable reactivity to the eponymous Barluenga’s reagent in the iodination of antipyrine.
Nitric oxide-generating metallic wires for enhanced metal implants
Authors: Mazur Federico , Zhou Yingzhu , Ng Gervase , Fan Qingqing , Pham Andy-Hoai , Boyer Cyrille , Chandrawati Rona
Published: July 2024

Metallic implants are integral in modern medicine, offering excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, implant-related infections pose a major challenge. Current drug delivery methods, such as surface-coated and drug-eluting implants, are limited by finite drug supplies and complex manufacturing steps. Recent approaches like local drug synthesis, including enzyme-prodrug therapies, present innovative solutions but are hampered by the inherent limitations of enzymes as well as complex procedures. Here, we introduce a simpler alternative: using the intrinsic properties of implant materials to activate prodrugs. Through a simple thermal treatment, metallic implants gain catalytic properties to locally generate nitric oxide, an antibacterial agent. Our findings show this treatment is non-toxic to cells, does not affect cell proliferation rates, and effectively inhibits bacterial biofilm formation. This material-driven approach eliminates the need for external chemical or enzymatic interventions, offering a promising solution to prevent implant-related infections and improve patient outcomes in implant medicine.
An energy efficient way for quantitative magnetization switching
Authors: Li Xin , Singh Hanuman , Lin Jie , Zhang Shuai , Yi Bao , Chatterjee Jyotirmoy , Xiao Zhuyun , Mondal Sucheta , Tamura Nobumichi , Candler Rob N. , You Long , Bokor Jeffrey , Hong Jeongmin
Published: July 2024

Recent advancements in electrically controlled spin devices have been made possible through the use of multiferroic systems comprising ferroelectric (FE) and ferromagnetic (FM) materials. This progress provides a promising avenue for developing energy-efficient devices that allow for electrically controlled magnetization switching. In this study, we fabricated spin orbit torque (SOT) devices using multiferroic composites and examined the angular dependence of SOT effects on localized in-plane strain induced by an out-of-plane electric field applied to the piezoelectric substrate. The induced strain precisely modulates magnetization switching via the SOT effect in multiferroic heterostructures, which also exhibit remarkable capability to modulate strain along different orientations – a feature with great potential for future applications in logic device arrays. To investigate the influence of electric fields on magnetization switching, harmonic Hall measurements, synchrotron-powered x-ray magnetic circular dichroism-photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), and micromagnetic simulation were conducted. The results demonstrate that electric-field-induced strain enables precise control of SOT-induced magnetization switching with significantly reduced energy consumption, making it highly suitable for next-generation spin logic devices.
A viral effector blocks the turnover of a plant NLR receptor to trigger a robust immune response
Authors: Wang Chunli , Zhu Min , Hong Hao , Li Jia , Zuo Chongkun , Zhang Yu , Shi Yajie , Liu Suyu , Yu Haohua , Yan Yuling , Chen Jing , Shangguan Lingna , Zhi Aiping , Chen Rongzhen , Devendrakumar Karen Thulasi , Tao Xiaorong
Published: July 2024

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) play a key role in activating a strong pathogen defense response. Plant NLR proteins are tightly regulated and accumulate at very low levels in the absence of pathogen effectors. However, little is known about how this low level of NLR proteins is able to induce robust immune responses upon recognition of pathogen effectors. Here, we report that, in the absence of effector, the inactive form of the tomato NLR Sw-5b is targeted for ubiquitination by the E3 ligase SBP1. Interaction of SBP1 with Sw-5b via only its N-terminal domain leads to slow turnover. In contrast, in its auto-active state, Sw-5b is rapidly turned over as SBP1 is upregulated and interacts with both its N-terminal and NB-LRR domains. During infection with the tomato spotted wilt virus, the viral effector NSm interacts with Sw-5b and disrupts the interaction of Sw-5b with SBP1, thereby stabilizing the active Sw-5b and allowing it to induce a robust immune response.
Review of neuromorphic computing based on NAND flash memory
Authors: Lee Sung-Tae , Lee Jong-Ho
Published: July 2024

The proliferation of data has facilitated global accessibility, which demands escalating amounts of power for data storage and processing purposes.
Chitosan-based biomaterials promote bone regeneration by regulating macrophage fate
Authors: Deng Huiling , Guan Yuanyuan , Dong Quping , An Ran , Wang Jiecong
Published: July 2024

The development of various osteogenic biomaterials has not only promoted the development of bone tissue engineering but also provided more possibilities for bone defect repair.
Exploring enantioselective recognition of dTMP-Co-bpe coordination polymer for natural amino acids using molecular simulations and circular dichroism
Authors: Zohaib Hafiz Muhammad , Saqlain Madiha , Khan Maroof Ahmad , Masood Sara , Gul Ijaz , Irfan Muhammad , Li Hui
Published: July 2024

The 1D homochiral CP-1 is used as a CD sensor that displayed selective chiral behaviour towards d/l phenylalanine and histidine. The d-enantiomers showed strong bonding with CP-1 as compared to l-counterpart.
Sea urchin-like plasma Ag/CAU-17@MoS2 core–shell S-scheme heterojunctions with broad spectrum response and enhanced photothermal–photocatalysis
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Xing Zipeng , Zhang Na , Cheng Tao , Ren Bo , Chen Weizi , Wang Zibin , Li Zhenzi , Zhou Wei
Published: July 2024

Ag/CAU-17@MoS2 core–shell S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst is prepared via hydrothermal, solvothermal and photodeposition methods. It promotes the separation and transfer of charge carriers and maintains strong photocatalytic oxidation capacity.
Preparation of noble metal-free porous CuO–ceria and zirconia mixed oxide catalysts using the ammonia driven deposition precipitation method for toluene combustion
Authors: Van Hoey Wouter , Rokicińska Anna , Dębosz Marek , Majewska Izabela , Kuśtrowski Piotr , Cool Pegie
Published: July 2024

Non-disclosed ADP deposition of Cu onto CexZr1−xO2 supports yields noble metal-free catalysts with excellent activity and selectivity for VOCs combustion.
Expanding the chemical space of ester of quinoxaline-7-carboxylate 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives as potential antitubercular agents
Authors: González-González Alonzo , Sánchez-Sánchez Oscar , Wan Baojie , Franzblau Scott , Palos Isidro , Espinoza-Hicks José C. , Moreno-Rodríguez Adriana , Martínez-Vázquez Ana Verónica , Lara-Ramírez Edgar E. , Ortiz-Pérez Eyra , Paz-González Alma D. , Rivera Gildardo
Published: July 2024

n-, and isobutyl esters of quinoxaline-1,4-di-N-oxide are effective anti-tuberculosis agents against replicating and non-replicating H37Rv bacilli, with top ten lead compounds being relatively safe with selectivity index values over 70.
Rethinking tolerance factor analysis for chalcogenide perovskites
Authors: Turnley Jonathan W. , Agarwal Shubhanshu , Agrawal Rakesh
Published: July 2024

This work reevaluates geometric screening methods for sulfide perovskites to better explain experimental observations and help identify possible candidates for new chalcogenide perovskites.
Visually distinguishing between tumor tissue and healthy tissue within ten minutes using proteolytic probes
Authors: Reinhardt Debora , ter Mors Björn , Driessen Marc D. , Gutmann Marcus , Faber Julian , Haug Lukas , Faber Anna-Maria , Herrmann Anna , Hamm Prisca , Lühmann Tessa , Linz Christian , Meinel Lorenz
Published: July 2024

Fluorescence-emitting probes designed to detect furin, a biomarker protease that is upregulated in tumor tissue, simplifying complex diagnostic workflows and enabling tissue-conserving surgery through direct visual readout.
Thermally integrated photoelectrochemical devices with perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: a modular approach for scalable direct water splitting
Authors: Maragno Angela R. A. , Morozan Adina , Fize Jennifer , Pellat Michel , Artero Vincent , Charton Sophie , Matheron Muriel
Published: July 2024

Thermally integrated photoelectrochemical cells made of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and PEM electrolysers were scaled in modules up to 342 cm2. Direct hydrogen production was demonstrated outdoors with a STH efficiency of 6.3%.
Double gyroid-structured electrolyte based on an azobenzene-containing monomer and its polymer
Authors: Liu Dong , He Shangming , Luo Longfei , Yang Weilu , Liu Yun , Yang Shichu , Shen Zhihao , Chen Shuangjun , Fan Xing-He
Published: July 2024

New solid electrolytes with liquid crystalline structures were fabricated. The ionic conductivity of a double gyroid-structured one was as high as 1.64 × 10−4 S cm−1 at ambient temperature.
Optimizing adsorption refrigeration with MOF-propane integration: a sustainable approach
Authors: Krishnan S. Muthu , Sharma Riya , Singh Jayant K.
Published: July 2024

Optimizing adsorption refrigeration by integrating MOFs with a low-global warming potential refrigerant, propane.
Cu2+-induced surface structure transformation on Au nanocubes from a concave to a convex configuration: mechanism and catalytic performance
Authors: Zhou Rongju , Luo Hongmei , Xu Chen , Lin Qinlu , Du Yi , Xu Dong , Liu Cai
Published: July 2024

Surface structures of Au nanocubes were tuned from concave to flat to convex using trace amounts of copper ions, and their corresponding catalytic performances were investigated.
A multi-modality imaging strategy to determine the multiple in vivo fates of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at different periods of acute liver injury treatment
Authors: Wei Naijie , Chen Xiaoyang , Liu Danchen , Bu Xiangchao , Wang Guangji , Sun Xiaolian , Zhang Jingwei
Published: July 2024

Probe preparation, cell labeling, and multi-modality tracing of HUCMSCs for their distribution, homing, and even live, dead or apoptotic status at different periods of acute liver injury treatment.
Highly efficient deep-red to near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes using a 2,3-bis(4-cyanophenyl)quinoxaline-6,7-dicarbonitrile acceptor
Authors: Kothavale Shantaram , Cheong Kiun , Kim Seung Chan , Yoon Seong-Jun , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: July 2024

A novel molecular design approach was developed for a thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter based on the 2,3-bis(4-cyanophenyl)quinoxaline-6,7-dicarbonitrile acceptor.
New imine-linked conjugated mesoporous polymer for the turn-on fluorescence detection of Ga3+
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Huo Tingyan , Sattar Uzma , Wang Guang
Published: July 2024

Novel CMP for the “turn on” fluorescence detection of Ga3+ ions with high selectivity and sensitivity.
Towards promoting plant growth and fruit maturation: a highly efficient and thermally stable Cr3+ doped far-red phosphor
Authors: Yang Chaowei , Zou Xikun , Lyu Mengqi , Wei Mingkai , Wang Ziyi , Shuang Xiaoyu , Zhang Xuejie , Dong Bin , Li Xinming , Cong Yan , Zheng Mingtao , Molokeev Maxim S. , Lei Bingfu
Published: July 2024

A new type of efficiency and low thermal quenched BGAGG: 0.07Cr3+ far-red phosphor was synthesized and used to prepare far-red pc-LED for plant lighting. Its positive effects were demonstrated in cultivation experiments of bok choy and Micro-Tom.
Femtosecond laser annealing of fluorine-doped tin oxide films towards high-performance perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Li Weihan , Chai Nianyao , Chen Xiangyu , Zeng Zhongle , Yue Yunfan , Zhao Fengyi , Wang Xuewen
Published: July 2024

Femtosecond laser annealing preparation of a superhydrophilic FTO surface helps promote the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells to 22.33%.
Unveiling the synergistic effect of A-site doping in perovskite nanosheets and electrode modulation for boosting dielectric performance of printed microcapacitors
Authors: Zhang Pengxiang , Zhang Binbin , Dang Feng , Nan Ce-Wen , Li Bao-Wen
Published: July 2024

The dielectric performance of inkjet-printed microcapacitors was improved by the synergistic effect of A-site doping in perovskite nanosheets and electrode modulation.
Enhanced photomultiplication in filter-free organic photodetectors for red and NIR light sensing using minimal nonfullerene blends
Authors: Shi Linlin , Li Yaojiang , Jiao Jia , Zhang Ye , Li Guohui , Ji Ting , Zhu Furong , Lu Haifeng , Cui Yanxia
Published: July 2024

High sensitivity, filter-free, both red and NIR light bandpass photomultiplication OPDs are developed by the charge injection narrowing, using a minimal amount of Y6. The proposed OPDs have the potential application of cold metal detection.
Construction of urchin-like porous Co/CoO/C composites enabling high-performance wideband electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Wen Hui-Min , Huang Zhihan , Hong Qu , He Chang , Dai Tianyue , Jin Hongdu , Chen Minrui , Pan Jiannan , Hu Jun
Published: July 2024

A series of urchin-like porous Co/CoO/C composites with wideband and strong EWA performance have been prepared, in which the 3D porous urchin-like microstructures facilitate the propagation and attenuation of electromagnetic waves.
Adolescent-Centered mHealth Applications in a Collaborative Care Model: A Virtual Focus Group Study With Audiologists
Authors: Glista Danielle , O'Hagan Robin , Servais Michelle , Jalilian Nilram
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

Technology-enabled care, including the use of mobile health (mHealth), is emerging as a viable hearing health care delivery method. While the integration of mHealth with adult populations currently supports a wide array of hearing services, a better understanding of the implementation across the lifespan is needed. Literature surrounding the unique population of adolescent hearing aid users is currently lacking. Research is needed to highlight factors important to the use and clinical integration of mHealth hearing aid applications (apps) with adolescents. This study explored two primary objectives: (a) audiologists' perceptions around the use of mHealth apps to enable collaborative, child-inclusive hearing aid personalization, and (b) person-centered ideation around potential app design components to benefit users aged 12 to 17 years.

Method:

Twelve audiologists participated in virtual synchronous focus groups, across three group sessions using Cisco Webex. Sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an inductive, codebook thematic analysis approach.

Results:

Six main themes resulted from group discussion analyses: (a) client candidacy: characteristics impacting suitability for mHealth use; (b) clinical implementation: organizational, professional, or patient-level strategies for mHealth adoption; (c) collaboration: the use of two or more individuals working together; (d) empowerment: process of acquiring and using knowledge, skills, and strategies; (e) remote technology: technologies enabling remote hearing aid personalization; and (f) application functionality and design: features and characteristics important to an adolescent-focused app.

Conclusions:

Findings identified the potential for clinical integration of hearing aid apps with adolescents in a collaborative care model, including consideration of child-specific use patterns, outcomes, and key design and technology components to support real-world implementation and use. Results may guide development and tailoring efforts around existing and future hearing aid apps for use with adolescent populations.
Influence of the surface tension of teas on the temperature and addition of common thyme and summer savory essential oils
Authors: Gandova Vanya , Lazarov Anton , Stoyanova Albena
Published: July 2024

Common thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) and summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) are a plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Their essential oils widely used in different foods as flavorings and preservatives agents. The surface tension of black tea with the addition of common thyme essential oil and of chamomile tea with the addition of summer savory essential oil were obtained. The quantity of essential oils varying with amounts of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03%. The surface tension was measured at different temperatures (between 30 and 80°C) and often used in food products and hot drinks. The teas with the addition of 0.03% common thyme and summer savory essential oils are more stable at both low and higher temperatures in terms of taste and aroma protection.
Effect of sterilization of sweet fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce Mill.) on essential oil yield and composition
Authors: Lazarov Anton , Pencheva Martina , Iliev Ivan , Prodanova-Stefanova Vanya
Published: July 2024

The sweet fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce Mill.) are processed to obtain their essential oil. It is part of the composition of various products from the food industry, pharmacy, medicine and cosmetics. The scope is to investigate the influence of the fruits sterilization with superheated water steam on the yield and composition of the essential oil, before the fruits processing by water distillation. The main components in the essential oil, obtained from fruits before sterilization, are trans-anethole (67.10%), fenchone (21.58%), methyl chavicol (3.14%), and α-pinene (2.31%). The essential oil, obtained from fruits after sterilization, has the same main components in its composition but their amount is different: trans-anethole (71.38%), fenchone (16.75%), methyl chavicol (2.89%), and α-pinene (2.26%).
l-Carvone – prediction of potential absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
Authors: Koleva Yana , Iliev Ivan , Gandova Vanya , Stoyanova Albena
Published: July 2024

The compound carvone is a monoterpene oxygen derivative. It is presented by light yellow liquid. These compound characteristic a spicy smell and had a sweet taste. In the carvone observed two enantiomeric forms (S)-(+) and (R)-(-). It is used in perfumery and cosmetics, although it’s considered a potential allergen. It’s also used to flavor food and pharmaceutical products. The scope of these work was to predict different properties of l-carvone as physiochemical and lipophilic, water solubility, pharmacokinetics, drug likeness and pharmaceutical properties of the compound.
Chemical characteristics of soaps obtained using red hot pepper seeds oil (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Delinska Nikolaya , Perifanova-Nemska Mariyana , Dimitrova Eva
Published: July 2024

Vegetable oils are an important raw material for soap production. They are widely distributed in nature, but only some of them are used in soap production. The search for alternative raw materials for oils from renewable sources is current worldwide. As a potential source of such oil, hot pepper seeds are considered. They are waste plant products that contain proteins, dietary fiber, lipids, minerals, bioactive compounds, etc. This study aimed to identify the optimal amount of hot pepper seed oil to include in the oil blend for cold process soap making. Four variations of soaps were made with hot pepper seeds oil, palm oil and coconut oil in different ratios. The values of indicators – total fatty matter content, free alkali, foaming ability, pH were determined. Soaps containing up to 10 % hot pepper seeds oil in the oil blend exhibit satisfactory quality characteristics. The findings indicate that hot pepper seeds oil is suitable for use in cold process soap making. Its proportion can be as high as 10 % of the total oils.
CFD modelling of the air preheater fired with gas mixture to find the cause of the preheater damage
Authors: Sobota Tomasz , Taler Dawid , Granda Mariusz , Szymkiewicz Magdalena
Published: July 2024

Since various fuels, such as natural gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, and a mixture of the three, are burned in the boiler, there is a danger of corrosion caused by sulphuric acid. Sulphur dioxide produced after combustion and condensed water vapour from flue gases on cold tube surfaces form sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid solution flowing down the vertical tubes of the air heater causes corrosion not only of the air heater tubes but also of the horizontal water heater tubes located below. A simulation of the flow and heat exchange on the flue gas and air sides was performed to determine the areas of the air heater where the temperature of the air heater tubes is low and condensation may occur. Based on the measured air and flue gas mass flows, the measured flue gas temperatures behind the heater, and the air temperature at its inlet, the flue gas temperature before the air heater was determined using the ε-NTU (Effectiveness-Number of Transfer Units) method. Based on CFD modelling and experimental research, the areas in the heater where sulphuric acid can form at given outside air temperatures were determined.
Energy generation of a small hydropower plant considering the ecological flow
Authors: Tică Eliza-Isabela , Popa Florica , Vuță Liana-Ioana , Dumitran Gabriela-Elena , Neagoe Angela , Popa Bogdan
Published: July 2024

Because of an increased care for the environment, many related EU directives were issued on this subject. The Water Framework Directive is one of that and since it was published dramatically influenced the development of new SHPPs and the operation of the existing ones. The longitudinal connectivity of rivers and the available flow downstream SHPP weirs, due to the ecological flow and changes in the way to calculate it are reasons for operational and sometime even constructive changes of the SHPPs. This paper presents some methods for assessing the energy generation of a small hydropower plant considering the ecological flow. For that purpose, 3 different scenarios were considered to determine the ecological flow, and 4 methods were used to obtain the annual energy production: the classical method, a so-called simplified method and software packages dedicated to SHPPs, CASiMiR Hydropower and SMART Mini-Idro. The obtained results indicated that the simplified method and CASiMiR Hydropower performed very well, obtaining relative errors below 1%. The assessment of losses in energy production of a SHPP due to ecological flow for Romanian legislation case is also presented for a case study.
Energy and economic analysis of flue gas heat recovery systems improving the energy efficiency of gas cogeneration units
Authors: Dzierwa Piotr , Peret Patryk , Trojan Marcin , Kaczmarski Karol
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the results of energy and economic analyses of a gas-fired CHP plant. The analyses were carried out for three variants of technical solutions to improve the thermal efficiency of the CHP plant. The fuel combustion process involves the generation of a large amount of heat. In addition, the heat is dissipated to the surroundings through the exhaust gas with a high temperature of 300÷350 °C. Therefore, to limit heat loss, a heat recovery system is used, which removes heat from the engine body and from the hot exhaust gases through a heat exchanger, allowing the exhaust gases to be cooled to a temperature of 100÷120 °C. In addition, heat is recovered from the oil cooling process and intercoolers. The recovered heat is usually supplied to the heating water in the district heating network. For the calculations, the temperature distribution of the return water from the district heating network during the year was assumed. First, the benefits of adding an additional economizer to pre-heat district heating water were analysed, Next, a heat recovery system was simulated to cool the flue gases to lower temperatures using an absorption heat pump or a compressor heat pump.
L’épilepsie féline
Authors: Vandenberghe Hélène , Blot Stéphane
Published: July 2024

Les crises convulsives sont la manifestation clinique d’une activité électrique cérébrale excessive et hypersynchrone. Elles représentent un syndrome fréquent en neurologie féline. Elles peuvent être d’origine extracrânienne, intracrânienne ou idiopathique.

La péritonite infectieuse féline, la carence en thiamine, la sclérose de l’hippocampe, sont des causes de crises convulsives spécifiquement identifiées chez le chat.

Les chats atteints d’épilepsie idiopathique ont un examen neurologique normal et présentent souvent leur première crise en jeune âge. Les chats atteints d’épilepsie structurelle ont fréquemment un examen neurologique anormal.
Il est primordial d’exclure les causes extracrâniennes avant d’explorer les causes intracrâniennes, idéalement par un examen IRM de l’encéphale et une ponction de LCR.
Le phénobarbital est le traitement de première ligne pour la majorité des chats épileptiques.

Le lévétiracétam est une molécule sûre et rapidement efficace, fréquemment dans des contextes de crises convulsives audiogéniques ou en deuxième ligne. Le bromure de potassium est contre-indiqué en raison de fréquents effets secondaires respiratoires.

Le pronostic dépend de la cause sous-jacente. Si la réponse au traitement est généralement favorable, il est meilleur chez les chats atteints d’épilepsie primaire.
Alimentation du chien et épilepsie
Authors: Diez Marianne
Published: July 2024

Cette revue traite de l’abord nutritionnel de l’épilepsie idiopathique chez le chien, le but étant de réduire ou d’annuler les crises. Les animaux épileptiques présentent différents tableaux cliniques, statut nutritionnels et traitements, et parfois d’autres maladies, de sorte qu’il n’est pas facile de formuler une seule recommandation, en l’occurrence un type d’aliment précis. Il faut également tenir compte des complications induites par les médicaments. Actuellement, il manque donc de données cliniques supportant une stratégie nutritionnelle unique.

Présentant un certain succès, les régimes cétogènes "humain" et "humain modifié" sont expliqués : ils miment l’acétonémie (cétose) induite par le jeûne. Ces régimes sont très riches en graisses et génèrent de nombreux effets secondaires ou carences : ils ne peuvent être transposés chez le chien.
Deux essais de régimes cétogènes menés chez le chien sont expliqués ; l’un est à rejeter car a provoqué des pancréatites tandis que le second, bien que proche dans sa composition d’un aliment classique, paraît être au minimum inefficace chez 29 % des animaux testés.

Certaines supplémentations hasardeuses initiées par les propriétaires posent également question.
Aussi, à l’heure actuelle, dans l’attente de nouvelles données, une approche nutritionnelle individualisée classique est raisonnable pour le chien épileptique. Elle peut en effet permettre de réduire des co-morbidités associées comme la pancréatite.
L’épilepsie chez les NAC
Authors: Boussarie Didier
Published: July 2024

L’épilepsie essentielle ou primaire, fréquente chez le chien, semble rare voire inexistante chez le lapin et les rongeurs de compagnie, ainsi que chez le furet. Elle n’est pas décrite chez les reptiles.

Néanmoins, elle semble exister chez les oiseaux, mais c’est plus un diagnostic par défaut lorsque les nombreuses causes de crises épileptiformes sont éliminées.

L’épilepsie structurelle ou secondaire est, en revanche, fréquente chez les NAC. Elle est essentiellement d’origine infectieuse ou tumorale.
L’article décrit l’épilepsie primaire de l’oiseau et aborde les causes d’épilepsie structurelle chez les NAC, la conduite à tenir qui en découle, ainsi que le traitement à mettre en œuvre.