bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM INFORMASI MONITORING KEGIATAN SANTRI BERBASIS ANDROID STUDI KASUS : PESANTREN AL-HIDAYAH GARUT
Authors: Sabar Muhamad , Heryanto Agus , Lestari Fuji
Published: November 2019

Anak merupakan tanggung jawab orang tua yang di berikan oleh Allah S.W.T, oleh karena itu sudah sepatutnya orang tua harus menjaga dan mengawasinya, terutama ketika orang tua memutuskan untuk memasukan anaknya ke dalam sebuah pondok pesantren. Atas dasar itu terkadang waktu serta jarak yang jauh biasanya menjadi kendala utama orang tua dalam memperoleh informasi, ditambah lagi dengan keterlambatan pihak pesantren dalam memberikan informasi kepada orang tua santri. Dengan menerapkan teknologi informasi, maka pihak pesantren dapat lebih mudah dan cepat dalam memberikan informasi kepada orang tua santri, dan orang tua santri juga dapat turut serta mengawasi anaknya dalam hal memperoleh informasi yang berkaitan dengan Kegiatan santri, absensi santri dan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh santri.

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Aplikasi Monitoring Kegiatan Santri Berbasis Android menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, sedangkan metode pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Metode pengembangannya menggunakan metode waterfall dan pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode black-box. Adapun kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi e-monitoring Al-Hidayah ini memudahkan orang tua dalam memperoleh informasi santri selama mondoksehingga orang tua dapat memperoleh  data santri lebih detail
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENDAFTARAN PASIEN MENGGUNAKAN VB.NET PADA KLINIK PRATAMA RBG RZ BANDUNG
Authors: Sihombing Johnson , Irawan Irwan Budi
Published: November 2019

Klinik Pratama RBG RZ merupakan salah satu klink yang berlokasi di Bandung yang mana kegiatannya melayani kesehatan baik seperti pasien rawat jalan, pasien rawat inap, Poli Gigi dan ruang rawat inap pasien. Sisten mformasi yang ada di klinik yang sedang berjalan saat ini masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga mengakibatkan kurang maksimal dalam hal pelayanan.Administrasi pendaftaran pasien di Klinik Pratama RBG RZ Bandung merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang utama dalam industri yang bergerak bidang pelayanan kesehatan, belum menggunakan teknologi komputer sebagai alat bantu pengelolaan data pasien dan data pembayaran oleh pasien.Perencanaan pengembangan sistem yang penulis lakukan untuk sistem infomrasi pendaftaran pasien berbasis desktop adalah dnmgan menggunakan metode Waterfall. Sedangkan tools untuk perancangan sistem adalah metode/teknik yang disebut dengan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Untuk keperluan pengembangan aplikasi administrasi pedaftaran pasien, penulis m suatu perangkat lunak yang sudah teruji kehandalannya dan banyak digunakan pengembang aplikasi saat ini yaitu VB.Net dengan editor berikut compiler nya Visual Studo 2013 dan database My SQL.Uraian laporan akan membahas tentang kegiatan-kegiatan beserta produk-produk yang dihasilkan untuk tiap tahapan pengembangan. Data-data yang dibuthkan untuk perancangan sistem pendaftaran pasien terdiri atas : pendaftaran pasien, pasien, pemeriksan pasien, serta pembayaran yang dilakukan oleh pasien.
Relationship between Real Earnings Management and Cost Behavior
Authors: Boakye Bismark Yiadom , Atiso Francis , Koranteng Elvis
Published: November 2019

Purpose- This research aims to examine the relationship between real earnings management (REM) and sticky Selling General and Administrative (SG&A) costs in the case of a developing economy.
Design/Methodology- The study employed a purposive sampling method. Fifteen firms listed on Ghana stock exchange were selected for the study. Data from the period of 2005 to 20014 were collected.
Findings- The study finds Ghanaian listed firm's SG&A cost to be sticky and also see these firms to manipulate earnings through REM. This study finds that REM through discretionary expenses and production cost increases sticky SG&A cost, whereas REM through cash flow reduces sticky SG&A cost. Overall, the results imply that REM exhibit sticky cost.
Practical Implications- The study informs managers that cost is not only fixed or variable but also behaves asymmetrically. The understanding of this concept could help managers to implement strategies that will lower the cost of doing business. Also, since some managers deliberately make decisions that lead to real earnings management and sticky cost, we, therefore, believe that this research will be of importance to regulatory bodies, policymakers, investors, and other stakeholders.
Effects of L-Malate on Mitochondrial Oxidoreductases in Liver of Aged Rats
Authors: WU J.-L. , WU Q.-P. , PENG Y.-P. , ZHANG J.-M.
Published: November 2019

Accumulation of oxidative damage has been implicated to be a major causative factor in the decline in physiological functions that occur during the aging process. The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a powerful source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), considered as the pathogenic agent of many diseases and aging. L-malate, a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate, plays an important role in transporting NADH from cytosol to mitochondria for energy production. Previous studies in our laboratory reported L-malate as a free radical scavenger in aged rats. In the present study we focused on the effect of L-malate on the activities of electron transport chain in young and aged rats. We found that mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase, NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase and cytochrome c oxidase in liver of aged rats were significantly decreased when compared to young control rats. Supplementation of L-malate to aged rats for 30 days slightly increased MMP and improved the activities of NADH-dehydrogenase, NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase and cytochrome c oxidase in liver of aged rats when compared with aged control rats. In young rats, L-malate administration increased only the activity of NADH-dehydrogenase. Our result suggested that L-malate could improve the activities of electron transport chain enzymes in aged rats
The Effects of Gender and Obesity on Myocardial Tolerance to Ischemia
Authors: CLARK C. , SMITH W. , LOCHNER A. , DU TOIT E. F.
Published: November 2019

Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate globally. Several studies have shown that premenopausal women have a reduced risk of CV disease and a reduced myocardial susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury. The effect of obesity on myocardial tolerance to ischemia in women has not been established. To determine how obesity affects myocardial susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury in both males and females, we fed male and female Wistar rats a high caloric diet (HCD) or a control rat chow diet (CD) for 18 weeks. Rats were subsequently fasted overnight, anesthetized and blood was collected. In separate experiments, 18-week-fed (HCD and CD) rats underwent 45 min in vivo coronary artery ligation (CAL) followed by 2 hours reperfusion. Hearts were stained with TTC and infarct size determined. Both male and female HCD fed rats had increased body and visceral fat weights. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index values were 13.95±3.04 for CD and 33.58±9.39 for HCD male rats (p<0.01) and 2.98±0.64 for CD and 2.99±0.72 for HCD fed female rats. Male HCD fed rats had larger infarct sizes than CD fed littermates (43.2±9.3 % vs. 24.4±7.6 %, p<0.05). Female HCD and CD diet fed rats had comparable infarct sizes (31.8±4.3 % vs. 23.9±3.3 %). We conclude that male rats on the HCD became viscerally obese, dyslipidemic and insulin-resistant, while female HCD fed rats became viscerally obese without developing dyslipidemia or insulin resistance. Obesity increased myocardial infarct size in males but not the females.
Evaluation of Hepatic 11 β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity by Cortisone Acetate Test in Young Adults With Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Authors: ŠIMŮNKOVÁ K. , HAMPL R. , HILL M. , KŘÍŽ L. , VRBÍKOVÁ J. , KVASNIČKOVÁ H. , VONDRA K.
Published: November 2019

Cortisone acetate test was performed in twelve young adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 1, after dexamethasone administration to suppress endogenous cortisol production. Previous screening revealed that all of the subjects had peak cortisol responses in the range from subnormal to normal, as determined by a low-dose Synacthen test. The aim was to find out whether these patients would exhibit different conversion of cortisone to cortisol by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Using multifactorial ANOVA the following significant relationships were obtained between cortisol or cortisol/cortisone ratio measured during the test and other parameters examined a) before dexamethasone suppression and b) during the test: a) Cortisol at 120th minute negatively correlated with daily insulin dose and positively with basal aldosterone. Cortisol/cortisone ratio at 60th, 120th, 180th, and 240th minute negatively correlated with basal aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio, urinary free cortisol/24 hours and positively with basal dehydroepindrosterone sulphate. b) Cortisol at 120th minute negatively correlated with suppressed basal serum glycemia; cortisol/cortisone ratio during the whole test negatively correlated with supressed basal ACTH. The examination of peripheral metabolism of cortisol using cortisone acetate test in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 showed adaptive changes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenace activity associated with altered cortisol tissue supply.
Le « Musée de poche »: collection productrice d'un patrimoine artistique
Authors: Leinman Colette
Published: November 2019

En 1955 est créée une collection d'ouvrages en couleur et de prix abordable, qui permet à un large et jeune public d'accéder facilement à l'art contemporain, et tout particulièrement à l'art abstrait, informel. Cela n'est pas évident dans le contexte des enjeux politiques et culturels de l'après-guerre où le retour à l'esthétique classique française s'affronte au réalisme socialiste. Cette étude du « Musée de poche » (1955–1965), montre de quelle manière la collection s'inscrit parmi les écrits sur l'art, entre critique d'art et écrits poétiques, et comment elle permet au lecteur d'appréhender des œuvres abstraites. Lieu idéal de médiation et de transmission, la collection, comme stratégie éditoriale, contribue à transformer ces nouvelles créations esthétiques en patrimoine culturel national. À travers une analyse discursive de dix ouvrages de la collection, trois procédés qui ont contribué à la promotion de l'art abstrait sont mis en lumière: la légitimité du discours de l'auteur, qu'il soit critique d'art, poète, écrivain ou journaliste; la représentation de l'artiste en question, dont le parcours semé d'épreuves est à la fois stéréotypé et singularisé, mais surtout valorisé; et enfin une série d'analogies entre l'art abstrait et la nature ou de comparaisons avec la musique, ou bien encore d'expressions métaphoriques manifestant la « collapse de temps » où l'universalité de l'art abstrait s'inscrit dans le passé, le présent et l'avenir.
Ekolojik Yaklaşımlı Feminizm/Ekofeminizm Üzerine Genel bir Değerlendirme: Kavramsal Analizi, Tarihi Süreci ve Türleri
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Hacı , AYDEMİR Duygu
Published: November 2019

Kadın haklarını savunan ve cinsiyet eşitliğine dayalı bir
hareket/teori/yaklaşım olan feminizm, ortaya çıkmış olduğu tarihten itibaren
dönemsel dönüşümler geçirmekte ve dalgalara ayrılmaktadır. Bu dalgalardaki
feminist yaklaşımlar, farklı alanlarda ortaya çıkan cinsiyet eşitsizliğine
çözümler sunmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda feminist yaklaşımlardan olan ekofeminizm,
savaş dönemi ve sonrasında tahrip edilen doğaya dikkat çekerek ataerkil toplum
zihniyetinin kadınları olduğu gibi doğayı da sömürdüğünü iddia etmektedir.
Ekofeminizm; kadın ve çevre sorunlarının kaynağının erkek egemen anlayış
olduğunu ileri sürmekte ve tahakküme dayalı ilişkilerle örülü bir dünyada
eşitlikçi, adaletli, baskısız, yaşanılır bir yaşama ancak çevre sorunlarının
feminist bir yaklaşımla ele alınmasıyla erişilebileceğini savunmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada ekofeminizmin çıkış noktasını ve ilerleyen süreçte geçirdiği
dönüşümleri ele almak ve ekofeminizm üzerine genel bir değerlendirme yapmak
amaçlanmıştır. Literatür değerlendirmesine dayalı olan bu çalışmada;
ekofeminizmin gelişim süreci takip edilerek temel iddiaları ve yaklaşımları
ortaya koyulmuş ve bu alandaki yazın taranarak ekofeminizmin hangi aşamalara
bölündüğü öne çıkarılmıştır. Çalışma ile ekofeminizmin dördüncü dalga feminizm
içindeki uygulama alanı da açıklanmaya çalışılarak yazında var olan bu
eksikliğe, feminizm ve ekoloji bağlamında katkı sağlamak beklenmektedir.
Annelikle Birlikte Aşkın Değişen Yönü: "İyi Babaysan Seni Daha Çok Severim Kocacım!" - The Changing Direction Of Love Due To Motherhood: "If You Are A Good Father I'm Gonna Love You More My Dear Husband!"
Authors: ALTAŞ Berre
Published: November 2019

Evlilik ve ana-babalık arasındaki ilişkiyi irdeleyen çalışmaların 1980’li yılların başlarında ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda Belsky (1981), aile içindeki bireylerin ve ilişkilerin birbirini karşılıklı olarak etkilediğini belirterek, sağlıklı nesiller yetiştirmenin yolunun daha geniş olan aile sistemini anlamadan geçtiğini vurgulamıştır. Belsky’nin' bu yaklaşımını yapısal-işlevselci bir perspektif ile ele aldığımıza; anne ve babanın doğrudan sağlıklı birey, dolaylı yoldan da sağlıklı bir toplum yapılanmasındaki önemini anlamak mümkündür. Çalışma bu noktada eşlerin ebeveynlik rolleri arasındaki uyumun özelde bireye genelde topluma yansıması üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Karı-kocalık rollerine eklemlenen ebeveynlik ile genişleyen aile için doğum süreci, beraberinde getirdiği değişim ve dönüşümle evliliğin de yeniden yapılandırılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Yeni bir bireyin aileye katıldığı bu dönemde artık anne ve baba olan eşler yeni olan bu rollerini içselleştirme çabasına girmektedirler. Bu çerçevede çalışma dâhilinde evlilik ve evlilik hayatındaki uyum, aile içi ilişki ve sorumluluklar, ailede ebeveynlik rollerinin önemi, aileye yeni katılan bebek ve ebeveynler, babanın çocuk bakımına katılımını etkileyen unsurlar, babalık rolünün yerine getirilmesinin evlilik hayatı üzerindeki etkileri irdelenmiştir.
Toplumsal Cinsiyete Özgü Tıp Üzerine Sosyolojik Tartışmalar - Sociological Discussions on Gender-Specific Medicine
Authors: ÖZEN Yelda
Published: November 2019

Toplumsal
cinsiyete bağlı sağlıkta eşitsizlikler uzun süredir çeşitli araştırmalarla
ortaya konmakta, bu eşitsizliğin kökenlerinin kimi zaman yapısal ve kültürel
faktörlere, kimi zaman da biyolojik farklılıklara dayanabileceği
tartışılmaktadır. Günümüzde kadın ve erkek arasındaki sağlık statüsündeki
farklılaşmanın en önemli göstergelerinden bazıları, kadının yaşam süresinin
erkeğe nazaran uzun olması, kadınların hastalanma oranlarının erkeklerden daha
yüksek olması, her iki cinsiyetin ise maruz kaldığı hastalıkların
farklılaşmasıdır. Bu farklılıklardan hareketle, tıpta kişiselleştirilmiş tıbbın
bir uzantısı olarak toplumsal cinsiyete özgü tıp ortaya çıkmış, 2000’li
yılların başında yükselişe geçmiştir. Bu yazıda tıbbın yeni bir alanı olan,
toplumsal cinsiyete özgü tıbbın ne olduğu ve nasıl geliştiği ele alınacak ve
sosyolojik olarak değerlendirilecektir. Bu yeni alana dair sosyolojik
analizlerin yetersiz olduğuna dikkat çekilerek, Annandale ve Hammarström bu
tıbba dair yapmış oldukları söylem analizinin sonuçları tartışılacaktır. Tıbbın
günümüzde geldiği aşama olan, Clarke ve diğerlerinin tanımladığı
biyotıbbileştirmenin gerçekleştiği “tekno-biyotıp” da göz önünde
bulundurularak, olası toplumsal sonuçları ile birlikte toplumsal cinsiyete özgü
tıp sosyolojik olarak tartışmaya açılacaktır.
RELEVANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF MUNICIPAL WATER OBJECTS
Authors: Novokreschenova Regina , Nikolaeva Olga
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates the relevance of detailing the existing network of state monitoring of water objects by forming an additional observation network for water objects being in municipal ownership. A brief description of the existing observation network of surface water monitoring carried out by Roshydromet is given. The main documents regulating the order of surface water monitoring are listed. The insufficient coverage of water bodies in municipal ownership by the observation program was noted. The layout of surface water monitoring stations in the Novosibirsk Region, confirming this fact, is given. The main types of water bodies that are the municipal ownership are listed. The list of the water objects that are the municipal property of Novosibirsk is resulted. The fact of active economic and recreational use of these objects that contradicts the municipal legislation and safety requirements is noted. A list of the possible use of these facilities for the benefit of the municipality is stated. Conclusions about the need for the formulation of water bodies in municipal ownership, cadastral registration for their effecient use in the economy are drawn. The main types of work planned to solve this problem are listed.
ENVIROMENTAL MONITORING ON THE BASES OF THE PICTURES RECEIVED BY OF PILOTLESS FLYING DEVICES
Authors: Moosina Guzialia , Ozhigin Dmitriy , Ozhigina Svetlana
Published: November 2019

Results of environmental monitoring of a coal section in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of satellite data (the seasonal temporary Landsat 4-5, 7, 8 series (ETM, OLI)) and pictures from the pilotless flying device are presented in this article.This monitoring is when using spectrally - the dynamic signs taken from temporary series of values of vegetative indexes (NDVI) from 2002 for 2016, for 2019 from the unmanned aerial vehicle.For realization of this process the program PhotoScan 1.2 and QGis3.6 complexes are used. The presented methods of remote sensing of the earth allow: to expand possibilities of environmental monitoring due to increase in frequency of obtaining relevant information; obtaining images of high quality; information processing in short terms by various indexes.The research confirms that increase in acreage, the mineral deposits broken by open mining operations when developing, negatively influences change of indicators of the vegetative NDVI index.
GEOINFORMATION MODELING OF URBAN ROAD VERGES
Authors: Nikolaeva Olga , Trubina Lyudmila , Vasil'eva Ekaterina
Published: November 2019

The main provisions of geoinformation modeling of the condition of urban road verges are described. Key anthropogenic factors of negative impact on urban road verges are characterized. The necessity of using modern geo-information methods to study and monitor the condition of urban road verges is stated. The principles of geoinformation modeling of urban road verges are characterized. The definition of the geoinformation model of urban road verges is given, the tasks solved with its help are listed. A diagram of urban road verges geo-information model database structure is presented, the parameters included into it are described in detail. The general technological sequence of geoinformation modeling and mapping of urban road verges is presented. The conclusion about the importance of geoinformation models of urban road verges for the efficient organization of management of urban green spaces is made.
POST-FIRE SUCCESSION IN A FOREST-BOG COMPLEXES
Authors: Mikhailova Elena , Mironycheva-Tokareva Nina
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the study of post-pyrogenic successional changes of plant matter in the forest-mire complexes in the eastern branches of the Great Vasyugan Mire. The aim of the study was to obtain and analyze the data characterizing the post-fire dynamics of plant matter for an objective environmental assessment of the current state of forest-mire landscapes. The objects of the study were ryam communities situated between the Iksa and Bakchar rivers of the Tomsk Region and characterized by varying degrees of post-fire disturbance, which were exposed to catastrophic pyrogenic impact. Studies on the dynamics of vegetation community and plant matter at sites with varying degree of peat fire intensity were carried out for ten years. At sites with a low fire intensity, the degree of disturbance of vegetation cover was 40 – 50 %. At a mire which was exposed to the pyrogenic influence of a moderate degree, small islands with individual specimens of shrubs (Ericaceae) and small islands of Sphagnum mosses have been preserved. Mire ecosystems that have undergone a fire of the greatest intensity, are represented by burned to mineral soil depressions with islands of burnt peat. After ten years of succession in the most disturbed mire ecosystems, the percentage ratio of the above-ground phytomass to that in control sites varied within 10 % of the control phytomass. The amount of live below-ground plant matter increased very slowly, and by the tenth year of recovery, it was only 3.5 % of the stock of control underground living phytomass. The living plant matter stock at sites with moderate fire disturbance was 50 % of the control stock both in above-ground and below-ground areas. At sites of low fire intensity by the tenth year of succession, the amount of live plant matter ranged from 70–80 % of the above-ground control phytomass, and as for below-ground phytomass, the amount of living roots and rhizomes exceeded the control ones by 11 %.
Pathophysiology of Concussive Non-Penetrative Captive Bolt Stunning of Turkeys
Authors: Gibson Troy J. , King Emma , Spence Jade , Limon Georgina
Published: November 2019

The non-penetrative captive bolt (NPCB) has been proposed as a more humane and practical alternative to constant voltage electrical stunning for small-scale seasonal turkey producers. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the CASH® Small Animal Tool (SAT) (formerly known as the CASH® Poultry Killer, CPK) and three configurations of the Turkey Euthanasia Device (TED), assessing behavioural, cranial/spinal responses and brain pathology. Immediately after stunning all birds showed cessation of rhythmic breathing and loss of neck and beak tension. One bird shot with the TED/hen configuration showed a positive nictitating membrane reflex in one eye with no other positive reflexes. All birds had moderate/severe gross damage to the hyperpallium layer over the cerebrums. For almost all other cerebrum structures, thalamus, and hindbrain, the TED/poult configuration and SAT produced the most extensive damage. The frequency of petechial haemorrhage in the pons and medulla was less in SAT shot birds (76% and 71% respectively) compared to those shot with the different configurations of the TED (ranging from 81% to 100%), however this difference was not significant. In conclusion, both NPCB guns were effective in inducing unconsciousness in turkeys, regardless of the variations in shot position and the different configurations of the TED.
Source Apportionment of PM2.5 and of its Oxidative Potential in an Industrial Suburban Site in South Italy
Authors: Cesari Daniela , Merico Eva , Grasso Fabio Massimo , Decesari Stefano , Belosi Franco , Manarini Francesco , De Nuntiis Paola , Rinaldi Matteo , Volpi Francesca , Gambaro Andrea , Morabito Elisa , Contini Daniele
Published: November 2019

Some studies suggested a role of the atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and of its oxidative potential (OP) in determining adverse health effects. Several works have focused on characterisation of source contributions to PM OP, mainly using three approaches: correlation between OP and chemical markers of specific sources; use of OP as input variable in source apportionment with receptor models; and multi-linear regression (MLR) between OP and source contributions to PM obtained from receptor models. Up to now, comparison of results obtained with different approaches on the same dataset is scarce. This work aims to perform a OP study of PM2.5 collected in an industrial site, located near a biogas production and combustion plant (in southern Italy), comparing different approaches to investigate the contributions of the different sources to OP. The PM2.5 samples were analysed for determining ions, metals, carbonaceous components, and OP activity with the DTT (dithiotreitol) assay. Results showed that OP normalised in volume (DTTV) is correlated with carbonaceous components and some ions (NO3−, and Ca2+) indicating that PM of combustion, secondary, and crustal origin could contribute to the OP activity. The source apportionment, done with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)—Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF5.0) model, identified six sources: secondary sulphate; biomass burning; industrial emissions; crustal; vehicle traffic and secondary nitrate; and sea spray. A MLR analysis between the source’s daily contributions and the daily DTTV values showed a reasonable agreement of the two approaches (PMF and MLR), identifying the biomass burning and the vehicle traffic and secondary nitrate as the main sources contributing to DTTV activity.
Analysis of the Impact of the Construction of a Trombe Wall on the Thermal Comfort in a Building Located in Wrocław, Poland
Authors: Błotny Jagoda , Nemś Magdalena
Published: November 2019

Changes in climate, which in recent years have become more and more visible all over the world, have forced scientists to think about technologies that use renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a passive solar heating and cooling system, which is a Trombe wall located on the southern facade of a room measuring 4.2 m × 5.2 m × 2.6 m in Wrocław, Poland. The studies were carried out by conducting a series of numerical simulations in the Ansys Fluent 16.0 environment in order to examine the temperature distribution and air circulation in the room for two representative days during the heating and cooling period, i.e., 16 January and 15 August (for a Typical Meteorological Year). A temperature increase of 1.11 °C and a temperature decrease in the morning and afternoon hours of 2.27 °C was obtained. Two options for optimizing the passive heating system were also considered. The first involved the use of triple glazing filled with argon in order to reduce heat losses to the environment, and for this solution, a temperature level that was higher by 8.50 °C next to the storage layer and an increase in the average room temperature by 1.52 °C were achieved. In turn, the second solution involved changing the wall material from concrete to brick, which resulted in a temperature increase of 0.40 °C next to the storage layer.
Parallel Structure Deep Neural Network Using CNN and RNN with an Attention Mechanism for Breast Cancer Histology Image Classification
Authors: Yao Hongdou , Zhang Xuejie , Zhou Xiaobing , Liu Shengyan
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we present a new deep learning model to classify hematoxylin–eosin-stained breast biopsy images into four classes (normal tissues, benign lesions, in situ carcinomas, and invasive carcinomas). Our model uses a parallel structure consist of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a recurrent neural network (RNN) for image feature extraction, which is greatly different from the common existed serial method of extracting image features by CNN and then inputting them into RNN. Then, we introduce a special perceptron attention mechanism, which is derived from the natural language processing (NLP) field, to unify the features extracted by the two different neural network structures of the model. In the convolution layer, general batch normalization is replaced by the new switchable normalization method. And the latest regularization technology, targeted dropout, is used to substitute for the general dropout in the last three fully connected layers of the model. In the testing phase, we use the model fusion method and test time augmentation technology on three different datasets of hematoxylin–eosin-stained breast biopsy images. The results demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Potent Antitumor Activity of Liposomal Irinotecan in an Organoid- and CRISPR-Cas9-Based Murine Model of Gallbladder Cancer
Authors: Erlangga Zulrahman , Wolff Katharina , Poth Tanja , Peltzer Alexander , Nahnsen Sven , Spielberg Steffi , Timrott Kai , Woller Norman , Kühnel Florian , Manns Michael P. , Saborowski Anna , Vogel Arndt , Saborowski Michael
Published: November 2019

Gallbladder cancer is associated with a dismal prognosis, and accurate in vivo models will be elemental to improve our understanding of this deadly disease and develop better treatment options. We have generated a transplantation-based murine model for gallbladder cancer that histologically mimics the human disease, including the development of distant metastasis. Murine gallbladder–derived organoids are genetically modified by either retroviral transduction or transfection with CRISPR/Cas9 encoding plasmids, thereby allowing the rapid generation of complex cancer genotypes. We characterize the model in the presence of two of the most frequent oncogenic drivers—Kras and ERBB2—and provide evidence that the tumor histology is highly dependent on the driver oncogene. Further, we demonstrate the utility of the model for the preclinical assessment of novel therapeutic approaches by showing that liposomal Irinotecan (Nal-IRI) is retained in tumor cells and significantly prolongs the survival of gallbladder cancer–bearing mice compared to conventional irinotecan.
Geographical Range Extension of the Spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus (L. 1758), in the Canary Islands: A Response to Ocean Warming?
Authors: Espino Fernando , Tuya Fernando , del Rosario Armando , Bosch Néstor E. , Coca Josep , González-Ramos Antonio J. , del Rosario Francisco , Otero-Ferrer Francisco J. , Moreno Ángel C. , Haroun Ricardo
Published: November 2019

In recent decades, numerous marine species have changed their distribution ranges due to ocean warming. The Spotfin burrfish, Chilomycterus reticulatus, is a reef fish with a global distribution along tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans. In this work, we analyzed the presence of this species, between 1990 and 2019, at two islands of the Canarian Archipelago under varying oceanographic conditions: El Hierro (the westernmost island, under more tropical conditions) and Gran Canaria (a central-east island, under more cooler conditions). We expected that, under increased ocean temperatures in recent decades, the number of sightings has increased in Gran Canaria relative to El Hierro. We compiled information from different sources, including interviews and local citizenship databases. A total of 534 sightings were reported: 38.58% from El Hierro and 61.43% from Gran Canaria. The number of sightings on Gran Canaria has significantly increased through time, at a rate of 0.1 sightings per year; at El Hierro, however, the number of sightings has not significantly changed over time. Sea Surface Temperature has linearly increased in both El Hierro and Gran Canaria islands over the last three decades. Positive Sea Surface Temperature anomalies, particularly in 1998 and 2010, including high winter minimum temperatures, provide an ideal oceanographic context to favour the arrival of new individuals and, consequently, the increase in the number of sightings in Gran Canaria. Still, potential donor areas of fish recruits remain unknown.
Tree-Rings Reveal Accelerated Yellow-Cedar Decline with Changes to Winter Climate after 1980
Authors: Comeau Vanessa M. , Daniels Lori D. , Knochenmus Garrett , Chavardès Raphaël D. , Zeglen Stefan
Published: November 2019

Research Highlights: Yellow-cedar decline on the island archipelago of Haida Gwaii is driven by warm winter temperatures and low winter precipitation, which is caused by anthropogenic climate change and exacerbated by the positive phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Background and Objectives: Declining yellow-cedars are limited by physiological drought during the growing season, caused by freezing damage to fine roots through a complex pathway identified by research in Alaska. Given this, we hypothesized: (1) yellow-cedars on Haida Gwaii were limited by the winter climate. (2) Trees of different health classes were responding differently to climatic variation. (3) Changing climate-growth relations would vary among phases of the PDO. Materials and Methods: We sampled 15 stands exhibiting crown symptoms and developed three regional chronologies from trees that were healthy, had crown or tree-ring symptoms of decline, and trees that had died. We tested for growth responses to inter-annual and multi-decadal variation in climate among trees of different health statuses using correlation functions and wavelet analyses. Results: The three chronologies had similar patterns from the early 1500s to 1900s and responded to climate in the same way, with multi-decadal variability, and common narrow marker years. Climate-growth responses among trees of different health statuses diverged after the 1976/1977 switch in the PDO. Warm growing season temperatures facilitated the growth of trees in the healthy chronology. By contrast, growth of trees that showed symptoms of decline or had died was negatively associated with low winter precipitation. After 1986, growth of trees in the declining chronology decreased sharply and mortality increased, which is concurrent with the warmest winter temperatures and consistent with the root-freezing hypothesis from Alaska. Conclusions: Yellow-cedar decline is driven by climate change, exacerbated by the PDO. Warming winter temperatures, accelerated by anthropogenic climate change, have led to dieback and death of yellow-cedars, even with the temperate ocean-moderated climate of Haida Gwaii.
Memorialising the (Un)Dead Jewish Other in Poland: Spectrality, Embodiment and Polish Holocaust Horror in Władysław Pasikowski’s Aftermath (2012)
Authors: Baker Emily-Rose
Published: November 2019

This article analyses the function and symbolic currency of Poland’s recent literary and artistic motif of the returning Jew, which brings the nation’s Jewish Holocaust victims back to their homes as ghosts, spectres and reanimated corpses. It explores the ability of this trope—the defining feature of what I call ‘Polish Holocaust horror’—to cultivate the memory of complicitous and collaborative Polish behaviour during the Holocaust years, and to promote renewed Polish-Jewish relations based upon a working-through of this difficult history. In the article I explore Władysław Pasikowski’s 2012 film Aftermath as a self-reflexive product of this experimental genre, which has been considered ethically ambiguous for its necropolitical treatment of Jews and politically controversial for its depiction of Poles as perpetrators. My analysis examines haunting as central to these popular cultural constructions of Holocaust memory—a device that has been used within the genre to mourn but also expel guilt for the previously forgotten or supressed dispossession and murder of Jews by some of their Polish neighbours.
Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions
Authors: Cajero-Sanchez Wendy , Aceves-Garcia Pamela , Fernández-Marcos María , Gutiérrez Crisanto , Rosas Ulises , García-Ponce Berenice , Álvarez-Buylla Elena R. , Sánchez Maria de la Paz , Garay-Arroyo Adriana
Published: November 2019

Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We found that osmotic stress conditions reduced root growth and root apical meristem (RAM) size, promoting premature cell differentiation without affecting the stem cell niche morphology. This phenotype was accompanied by a cluster of small epidermal and cortex cells with radial expansion and root hairs at the transition to the elongation zone. We also found this radial expansion with root hairs when plants are grown under hypoosmotic conditions. Finally, root growth was less affected by osmotic stress in the Sg-2 accession followed by Ws, Cvi-0, and Col-0; however, after a strong osmotic stress, Sg-2 and Cvi-0 were the most resilience accessions. The sensitivity differences among these accessions were not explained by stress-related gene expression. This work provides new cellular insights on the Arabidopsis root phenotypic variability and plasticity to osmotic stress.
An Orthologue of the Retinoic Acid Receptor (RAR) Is Present in the Ecdysozoa Phylum Priapulida
Authors: Fonseca Elza S. S. , Hiromori Youhei , Kaite Yoshifumi , Ruivo Raquel , Franco João N. , Nakanishi Tsuyoshi , Santos Miguel M. , Castro L. Filipe C.
Published: November 2019

Signalling molecules and their cognate receptors are central components of the Metazoa endocrine system. Defining their presence or absence in extant animal lineages is critical to accurately devise evolutionary patterns, physiological shifts and the impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Here, we address the evolution of retinoic acid (RA) signalling in the Priapulida worm, Priapulus caudatus Lamarck, 1816, an Ecdysozoa. RA signalling has been shown to be central to chordate endocrine homeostasis, participating in multiple developmental and physiological processes. Priapulids, with their slow rate of molecular evolution and phylogenetic position, represent a key taxon to investigate the early phases of Ecdysozoa evolution. By exploring a draft genome assembly, we show, by means of phylogenetics and functional assays, that an orthologue of the nuclear receptor retinoic acid receptor (RAR) subfamily, a central mediator of RA signalling, is present in Ecdysozoa, contrary to previous perception. We further demonstrate that the Priapulida RAR displays low-affinity for retinoids (similar to annelids), and is not responsive to common endocrine disruptors acting via RAR. Our findings provide a timeline for RA signalling evolution in the Bilateria and give support to the hypothesis that the increase in RA affinity towards RAR is a late acquisition in the evolution of the Metazoa.
Retinogenesis of the Human Fetal Retina: An Apical Polarity Perspective
Authors: Quinn Peter M.J. , Wijnholds Jan
Published: November 2019

The Crumbs complex has prominent roles in the control of apical cell polarity, in the coupling of cell density sensing to downstream cell signaling pathways, and in regulating junctional structures and cell adhesion. The Crumbs complex acts as a conductor orchestrating multiple downstream signaling pathways in epithelial and neuronal tissue development. These pathways lead to the regulation of cell size, cell fate, cell self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, migration, mitosis, and apoptosis. In retinogenesis, these are all pivotal processes with important roles for the Crumbs complex to maintain proper spatiotemporal cell processes. Loss of Crumbs function in the retina results in loss of the stratified appearance resulting in retinal degeneration and loss of visual function. In this review, we begin by discussing the physiology of vision. We continue by outlining the processes of retinogenesis and how well this is recapitulated between the human fetal retina and human embryonic stem cell (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal organoids. Additionally, we discuss the functionality of in utero and preterm human fetal retina and the current level of functionality as detected in human stem cell-derived organoids. We discuss the roles of apical-basal cell polarity in retinogenesis with a focus on Leber congenital amaurosis which leads to blindness shortly after birth. Finally, we discuss Crumbs homolog (CRB)-based gene augmentation.
Bioactive Glass-Based Endodontic Sealer as a Promising Root Canal Filling Material without Semisolid Core Materials
Authors: Washio Ayako , Morotomi Takahiko , Yoshii Shinji , Kitamura Chiaki
Published: November 2019

Endodontic treatment for a tooth with damaged dental pulp aims to both prevent and cure apical periodontitis. If the tooth is re-infected as a result of a poorly obturated root canal, periapical periodontitis may set-in due to invading bacteria. To both avoid any re-infection and improve the success rate of endodontic retreatment, a treated root canal should be three-dimensionally obturated with a biocompatible filling material. Recently, bioactive glass, one of the bioceramics, is focused on the research area of biocompatible biomaterials for endodontics. Root canal sealers derived from bioactive glass-based have been developed and applied in clinical endodontic treatments. However, at present, there is little evidence about the patient outcomes, sealing mechanism, sealing ability, and removability of the sealers. Herein, we have developed a bioactive glass-based root canal sealer and provided evidence concerning its physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, sealing ability, and removability. We also review the classification of bioceramics and characteristics of bioactive glass. Additionally, we describe the application of bioactive glass to facilitate the development of a new root canal sealer. Furthermore, this review shows the potential application of bioactive glass-based cement as a root canal filling material in the absence of semisolid core material.
A View of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in the North-West Region of Romania
Authors: Jianu Cristian , Bolboacă Sorana D. , Topan Adriana Violeta , Filipescu Irina , Jianu Mihaela Elena , Itu-Mureşan Corina
Published: November 2019

Background and Objectives: In Romania, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic is almost the same as it is in Central Europe, with some differences; particularity the following one: people with nosocomial HIV infection, also known as Romanian cohort. Aim: The study aimed to present a local view of HIV infection in the North-West part of Romania, and to identify the particularities of patients under medical care in the Cluj AIDS Center. Materials and Methods: The demographic characteristics (age and gender), and medical and epidemiological data (stage of HIV infection and mode of transmission) of patients in a medical care in the Cluj Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Center were evaluated. Data from the first patients admitted between 1989 and 2018, and the statuses of the infected persons as per 31 December 2018 were analyzed. Results: Nine hundred and fourteen patients were included in the study. The patients’ ages varied from 0 (newborns from HIV-infected mothers) to 72 years old, and most patients were men (596 men vs. 318 women). The main mode of transmission was sexual (>50%), with an increased number of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the last years (from two cases in 2006 to thirty-four cases in 2018), and a very small percentage of intravenous drug users (IDU; <1%). The patients from the Romanian cohort were more frequently women as compared with men (p-value <0.0001), women were more frequently later presenters than men (p-value <0.0001), and the women more frequently had candidosis (p-value = 0.0372), cerebral toxoplasmosis (p-value = 0.0404), and co-infection with hepatitis B virus (p-value = 0.0018). One hundred and sixty patients died by the end of 2018 (17.5%). Sixty-eight children had been born from HIV-infected mothers, and 17 were HIV infected (25%). Conclusion: The main mode of HIV transmission in our sample was sexual, with an increased number of MSM over the last years and a low number of cases of intravenous drug users. A quarter of children borne from HIV-infected mothers were HIV infected.
Degradation of Extracellular NAD+ Intermediates in Cultures of Human HEK293 Cells
Authors: Kulikova Veronika , Shabalin Konstantin , Nerinovski Kirill , Yakimov Alexander , Svetlova Maria , Solovjeva Ljudmila , Kropotov Andrey , Khodorkovskiy Mikhail , Migaud Marie E. , Ziegler Mathias , Nikiforov Andrey
Published: November 2019

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential redox carrier, whereas its degradation is a key element of important signaling pathways. Human cells replenish their NAD contents through NAD biosynthesis from extracellular precursors. These precursors encompass bases nicotinamide (Nam) and nicotinic acid and their corresponding nucleosides nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinic acid riboside (NAR), now collectively referred to as vitamin B3. In addition, extracellular NAD+ and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and potentially their deamidated counterparts, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) and nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NAMN), may serve as precursors of intracellular NAD. However, it is still debated whether nucleotides enter cells directly or whether they are converted to nucleosides and bases prior to uptake into cells. Here, we studied the metabolism of extracellular NAD+ and its derivatives in human HEK293 cells using normal and serum-free culture medium. Using medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), mono- and dinucleotides were degraded to the corresponding nucleosides. In turn, the nucleosides were cleaved to their corresponding bases. Degradation was also observed in culture medium alone, in the absence of cells, indicating that FBS contains enzymatic activities which degrade NAD+ intermediates. Surprisingly, NR was also rather efficiently hydrolyzed to Nam in the absence of FBS. When cultivated in serum-free medium, HEK293 cells efficiently cleaved NAD+ and NAAD to NMN and NAMN. NMN exhibited rather high stability in cell culture, but was partially metabolized to NR. Using pharmacological inhibitors of plasma membrane transporters, we also showed that extracellular cleavage of NAD+ and NMN to NR is a prerequisite for using these nucleotides to maintain intracellular NAD contents. We also present evidence that, besides spontaneous hydrolysis, NR is intensively metabolized in cell culture by intracellular conversion to Nam. Our results demonstrate that both the cultured cells and the culture medium mediate a rather active conversion of NAD+ intermediates. Consequently, in studies of precursor supplementation and uptake, the culture conditions need to be carefully defined.
Barren and Li–Sn–Ta Mineralized Pegmatites from NW Spain (Central Galicia): A Comparative Study of Their Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Wallrock Metasomatism
Authors: Roza Llera Ana , Fuertes-Fuente Mercedes , Cepedal Antonia , Martin-Izard Agustín
Published: November 2019

In Central Galicia, there are occurrences of barren and Li–Sn–Ta-bearing pegmatites hosted by metasedimentary rocks. A number of common and contrasting features between Panceiros pegmatites (barren) and Li–Sn–Ta mineralized Presqueira pegmatite are established in this study. K-feldspar and muscovite have the same trace elements (Rb, Cs, P, Zn, and Ba), but the mineralized one has the highest Rb and Cs and the lowest P contents. The barren bodies show fluorapatite and eosphorite–childrenite replacing early silicates. The mineralized body has primary phosphates (fluorapatite and montebrasite), a metasomatic paragenesis (fluorapatite and goyazite) replacing early silicates, and a late hydrothermal assemblage (vivianite and messelite). Ta–Nb oxides from the Presqueira body show a trend from columbite-(Fe) to tantalite-(Fe) and tapiolite-(Fe). In this body, the Li-aluminosilicate textures support primary crystallization of petalite that was partially transformed into Spodumene + Quartz (SQI) during cooling, and into myrmekite during a Na-metasomatism stage. As a result of both processes, spodumene formed. The geochemical study supports magmatic differentiation increasing from the neighboring granites to the Li–Sn–Ta mineralized pegmatite. In both barren and mineralized bodies, the pegmatite-derived fluids that migrated into the wallrock were enriched in B, F, Li, Rb, and Cs and, moreover, in Sn, Zn, and As.