bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variabilidade e repetição comportamentais apresentadas por ratos jovens e idosos
Authors: Kameyama Marcia ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Leite Hunziker Maria Helena ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: July 2024

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar os efeitos do envelhecimento sobre a variabilidade comportamental. Ratos jovens (4 meses) e idosos (20 meses) receberam sacarose (20%) contingente à emissão de sequências de quatro respostas de pressão a duas barras. Metade dos animais foi exposta às contingências Lag 0 - VAR - ACO - VAR - EXT e metade a Lag 0 - REP - ACO - REP - EXT. Os resultados mostraram que os ratos jovens apresentaram maior variabilidade “espontânea” sob Lag 0 e ACO, porém se equipararam aos idosos nas condições em que variar ou repetir produzia reforço. Portanto, a idade não interferiu na aprendizagem e manutenção da variabilidade e repetição operantes. A extinção gerou altos índices de variação, especialmente nos animais anteriormente submetidos à REP. Discute-se a influência da atividade motora mais elevada nos jovens e a preferência por respostas de menor “custo físico” pelos idosos na determinação das diferenças de variabilidade comportamental em função da idade. Destacase que tais diferenças foram praticamente abolidas quando o reforço foi contingente a padrões específicos de variação. Esses dados sugerem que algumas das diferenças comportamentais atribuídas ao envelhecimento podem ser decorrentes das diferentes contingências de reforçamento disponíveis a ambos os grupos.
Análisis del comportamiento e interseccionalidad: implicaciones para las prácticas de investigación
Authors: Kuch Isabelle Elisandra ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná, Zendron Beatriz Isabel , da Silva de Almeida Nathalin Fernanda , Strapasson Bruno Angelo , Dittrich Alexandre ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná,   Universidade Positivo,   Universidade Federal do Paraná,   Universidade Federal do Paraná
Published: July 2024

A interseccionalidade propõe o exame do cruzamento de variáveis que influenciam as relações em sociedade, subscrevendo a inseparabilidade de diferentes marcadores sociais (e.g., raça, classe, gênero, dentre outras) que, ao interagirem, podem intensificar as vulnerabilidades vivenciadas por grupos socialmente minorizados ou, ainda, oferecer recursos que possibilitem ações transformativas desses sujeitos em relação a seus contextos. Ao negligenciar a intersecção entre marcadores socialmente relevantes no campo científico, privilegia-se, via de regra, produções que buscam atender às necessidades e interesses dos grupos dominantes, o que reverbera na produção de conhecimentos imprecisos, fragmentados e com resultados limitados. Tomando como base este panorama geral e analisando especificamente o campo da Análise do Comportamento, este estudo objetivou (1) analisar os impactos da (des)consideração da intersecção entre diferentes marcadores sociais em práticas de pesquisa analítico-comportamentais, indicando as prováveis implicações dessa exclusão, e (2) sugerir à comunidade de analistas do comportamento possíveis maneiras de se construir práticas de pesquisa mais sensíveis à interseccionalidade, quando identificada a pertinência. O uso da interseccionalidade em práticas de pesquisa permite que o comportamento da(o) cientista seja orientado de forma a não reproduzir exclusões e opressões no contexto de produção de conhecimento científico. Ademais, a comunidade de pesquisadores analistas do comportamento pode usufruir de uma visão mais abrangente sobre os fenômenos investigados por meio da adoção de uma perspectiva interseccional em práticas de pesquisa teórica, básica e aplicada. Assim, os analistas do comportamento poderão contribuir de forma mais efetiva na erradicação de contingências de opressão e exploração de grupos minorizados e na construção de um mundo mais justo e igualitário.
Práticas culturais no agronegócio brasileiro sob a ótica da Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Imbiriba Pedro , Rodrigues Gomes Laryssa , Teixeira Silva Bruno , de Almeida João Aristides Tomaz ,   Universidad Estatal de Londrina,   Universidad Estatal de Londrina,   Universidad Federal de Pará
Published: July 2024

A agricultura é uma categoria laboral que permeia a história da humanidade. Contudo, ao passar dos séculos, a relação das pessoas com a agricultura se modificou. Tamanha foi a modernização das práticas agrícolas no Brasil que o termo “agronegócio” emergiu para designar o capitalismo agrário. A maneira como culturas lidam com seus recursos (inclusive alimentícios) é objeto de estudo na área da sustentabilidade. Portanto, é relevante compreender como funciona o modelo de produção agrícola brasileiro e suas consequências. O objetivo deste estudo foi propor uma síntese interpretativa da prática cultural denominada “agronegócio” no Brasil. Para tal, foi realizada uma busca em fevereiro de 2022 na base de dados Scielo Brasil com os seguintes descritores: “Agronegócio” e “Brasil”, e seus equivalentes em inglês. Ao todo 31 artigos foram selecionados. Na consulta à literatura encontrada, o agronegócio foi analisado a partir da contingência de três termos para identificar: a) contextos antecedentes; b) práticas culturais; e c) consequências culturais. Posteriormente, foram descritas as possíveis consequências no curto e longo prazo advindas do agronegócio. Esperamos que as discussões derivadas do presente estudo possam contribuir para o debate da Análise do Comportamento sobre desenvolvimento sustentável, especificamente na área de produção alimentar.
Ensombrecimiento posterior al preentrenamiento de cada EC en redes neurales artificiales y ratas
Authors: Ojeda Aguilar Yancarlo Lizandro ,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC / Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Psicología, Burgos Triano José , García-Leal Óscar , Buriticá Jonathan ,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC / Universidad Europea de Madrid,   Universidad de Guadalajara-CEIC
Published: July 2024

Se estudia el efecto del orden de preentrenamiento de cada Estimulo Condicionado (EC) sobre el ensombrecimiento y el ensombrecimiento mutuo. El ensombrecimiento es el efecto de mayor respuesta ante un EC más intenso que a otro menos intenso. El ensombrecimiento mutuo implica respuestas comparables a los dos ECs presentados en compuesto, cuando tienen intensidades semejantes. El modelo de redes neurales artificiales fue utilizado para predecir los resultados de la exposición a dos EC, bajo una preparación de ensombrecimiento y ensobreciemiento mutuo. Se diseñó un experimento para testar las predicciones del modelo usando la preparación de supresión condicionada en ratas. Las simulaciones sugirieron una atenuación del ensombrecimiento. Las ratas mostraron una atenuación del ensombrecimiento, sin importar el orden de preentrenamiento de los ECs. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el ensombrecimiento mutuo entre preentrenar cada EC, sin importar su orden, y entrenar directamente al compuesto en las redes y en ratas.
Aproximações conceituais entre análise comportamental da cultura e a Antropologia interpretativa
Authors: Abdala Miguel ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Linhares Yana , Borges Neves Filho Hernando , Muchon de Melo Camila ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: July 2024

A palavra cultura possuiu diversas definições até se tornar objeto de estudo da Antropologia no final do século XIX. Nos anos 1950, a Análise do Comportamento também se dedica ao estudo desse conceito, desenvolvendo-se em paralelo com as ciências sociais ou propondo aproximações com teorias divergentes. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão conceitual sobre cultura e questões correlatas para o antropólogo Clifford Geertz, com a aplicação do Procedimento de Interpretação Conceitual de Texto (PICT) na principal obra do autor “A Interpretação das Culturas”, para elencar categorias com aproximações com a Análise do Comportamento. Foram elas: conceito de cultura, símbolos e significados, método interpretativo, e papel da ciência. A concepção de cultura interpretativista aproxima-se das noções comportamentalistas de cultura como variável ambiental. A caracterização de símbolos mostrou-se semelhante à concepção de equivalência de estímulos. O método interpretativo revela-se complementar ao uso de análises funcionais para estudar cultura. Finalmente, a concepção de ciência teve destaque nas duas vertentes como um método possível para ser aplicado no estudo da cultura. Como pontos de diálogo constatou-se que a vertente comportamentalista pode contribuir com refinamentos metodológicos para o estudo de comportamentos dos indivíduos em grupo, e a Antropologia contribui com concepções teóricas mais refinadas sobre conceitos fundamentais para estudar os fenômenos sociais e culturo-comportamentais.
Detection of energetic equivalence depends on food web architecture and estimators of energy use
Authors: Romera Poppy Joaquina , Gauzens Benoit , Antunes Ana , Brose Ulrich , Eisenhauer Nico , Ferlian Olga , Hirt Myriam , Jochum Malte , Mitchell Grace , Ott David , Potapov Anton , Rai Bibishan , Scheu Stefan , Wallace Kiri , Barnes Andrew
Published: July 2024

Ecologists have long debated the universality of the energetic equivalence rule (EER), which posits that population energy use should be invariant with average body size due to negative size–density scaling. We explored size–density and size–energy use scaling across 183 geographically–distributed soil invertebrate food webs to investigate the universality of these fundamental EER assumptions. Additionally, we compared two measures of energy use to investigate size–energy use relationships: population metabolism and energy fluxes. We found that size–density scaling did not support energetic equivalence in soil communities. Furthermore, evidence of energetic equivalence was dependent on the estimate of energy use applied (population metabolism or energy flux), the trophic level of consumers, and food web properties. Our study demonstrates a need to integrate food web energetics and trophic structure to better understand how energetic constraints shape the body size structure of terrestrial ecosystems.
Linguistic evolution in time and space: addressing the methodological challenges
Authors: Cathcart Chundra , Bickel Balthasar
Published: July 2024

One of the most specific features of the human language faculty is its intrinsic spatio-temporal dynamic, as reflected in languages' characteristic mode of extra-genomic evolution. Understanding what has emerged in the hominin lineage therefore requires capturing this dynamic and the diversity of languages and structures that it generates. In this chapter, we review the state of the art in probabilistic models designed for this task. Current approaches tend to excel either in capturing temporal or spatial processes. We summarize these and describe avenues for integrating them, illustrated by a case study on the evolution of sound inventories over time and space.
Topoclimate buffers floristic diversity from macroclimate in temperate mountain forests.
Authors: Borderieux Jeremy , De Lombaerde Emiel , De Pauw Karen , Sanczuk Pieter , Vangansbeke Pieter , Vanneste Thomas , De Frenne Pieter , Gégout Jean-Claude , Serra-Diaz Josep
Published: July 2024

Microclimates strongly influence the composition and diversity of forest plant communities. Recent studies have highlighted the role of tree canopies in shaping understory thermal conditions at small spatial scales, especially in lowland forests. In mountain forests, however, the influence of topography in environmental conditions (e.g. topoclimate) is ought to also influence plants’ perceived temperature. Understanding how topography and canopies interactively affect understory temperature is key to identifying stable refugia that could shelter cold-adapted forest specialist species under climate change. Here we report on growing season understory temperatures using 48 loggers in contrasting topographic features of a mid-range mountain valley spanning from 475 m.a.s.l. to 1203 m.a.s.l. in the Vosges Mountains (NE France). We disentangle the relative importance and the effects of topography vs. canopies in determining local temperatures. We then evaluate how topography and canopy-induced variation in temperature drive plant community composition and richness in 306 floristic surveys distributed across the studied mountain valley. Our results show that topography outweighed canopy cover in explaining growing season understory temperatures. Regardless of canopy, the daily mean temperature of the growing season in south-facing ridges was 1.5 °C (CI: ± 0.88 °C) warmer than shaded valley bottoms, while dense canopies cooled temperatures by 0.5 °C (CI: ± 0.48 °C) compared to open canopies. Topoclimate explained community composition as much as elevation and was the only significant predictor of species richness. Cold topoclimates harbored 30% more species than the average species richness across our plots. This increase in species richness was explained by an increase of cold-adapted species, both forest specialist and generalist species. Our findings highlight a stronger role of topography compared to canopy cover on community composition in mountain forests via topoclimatic cooling of north-facing slopes and valley bottoms. The importance of topographic features to explain temperature cooling and diversity underpins their role as present and future microrefugia.
Exploration of Apoptosis in Histopathologies of Balkan Endemic Nephropathies with Both Urothelial Tumour and Atrophied Kidney
Authors: Mantle Peter , Upadhyay Rohit , Herman Diana , Batuman Vecihi
Published: July 2024

There seems yet no satisfactory explanation for the mysterious endemic renal disease, known as Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), seen across rural parts of several Balkan countries in the last century although some have claimed aristolochic acid as the etiologic agent. Nearly half of the BEN patients develop urothelial cancers and unilateral nephrectomy may be temporary life-extending measure for some cases. Recent access to some tissues of archived Serbian unilateral nephrectomy specimens during the past century enabled description of unique tumour immuno-profiles. We also evaluated the role of apoptosis using a modern TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. We found clear evidence of apoptosis in regions of several tumour specimens and adjacent healthy kidney tissues. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. These observations suggest a prominent role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of BEN and the associated urothelial cancers and point to the need for systematic evaluation of apoptosis in other archived tissues from BEN patients. Here, we also present evidence of apoptosis in kidney sections of male rats treated with ochratoxin A. Fungal metabolites such as ochratoxin A and alkaloids from the Aristolochia plants are nephrotoxic in both animals and humans, and experimental animal models could be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of kidney disease and tumorigenesis in humans exposed to such agents.
Stakeholders’ Forum on Integrated Flood Risk Management in Cagayan River Basin: Basis in Writing Policy Recommendations
Authors: Balderama Orlando , Raymundo Jennelyn , Alejo Lanie , Bareng Jeoffrey Lloyd , Bambalan Gwendolyn , Mangadap Carol Joy
Published: July 2024

The stakeholders’ forum aimed to enhance the capacities of policymakers, managers, and practitioners of river basin organizations on flood management through knowledge sharing of new approaches, techniques, methodologies, and good practices from partners here and abroad to help achieve effective implementation of integrated flood risk management as a component of integrated water resources management. The study followed a qualitative research methodology; thus, observation and documentation of each series of planned activities, semi-structured and unstructured interviews with the executive leaders of national agencies and international partners, and discourse analysis of the shared presentations and knowledge exchange between or among the stakeholders were conducted to surface specific themes that described how this stakeholders’ forum enhanced the implementation of integrated water resources management in the country through a multipartite communication platform. The research findings revealed that international and national partnership is fortified and R&D efforts will be rapidly realized through a multipartite information exchange, collaborative workshop, technology transfer, and other knowledge-sharing activities. Moreover, legal agreements entered by all stakeholders to scale up global and community linkages are a salient measure to encourage and motivate stakeholders to take part in the implementation of STI-based efforts stipulated in such legal documents. Joint field visits, series of fellowships, and use of websites for information dissemination also have pivotal roles in acquiring a profound understanding of dam situations in the Philippines and Japan, and how integrated water resources management will be communicated to various community partners. Thus, the forum served as a channel that bridged what the government agencies and organizations know about flood and sedimentation management and what the community partners need to understand to revitalize science-community-government-academe collaboration.
Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of Khortytsia Island (Ukraine)
Authors: KHODOSOVTSEV ALEXANDER YE. , DARMOSTUK VALERIY V.
Published: July 2024

80 species of lichens and 12 species of lichenicolous fungi were found on Khortytsia Island. The lichen Verrucaria fusconigrescens is for the first time reported for the continental part of Ukraine. Lichens Acarospora insolata, Bacidia fuscoviridis, Caloplaca chlorina, C. soralifera, C. xerica, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Lecanora argopholis, L. orosthea, L. swartzii, Lobothallia alphoplaca, Monerolechia badia, Rhizocarpon lecanorinum, Xanthocarpia crenulatella, Xanthoparmelia loxodes and lichenicolous fungi Abrothallus caerulescens, Lichenostigma elongatum, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Polycoccum pulvinatum, Stigmidium xanthoparmeliarum, Zwackhiomyces lithoiceae are reported for first time for Zaporizhzhia Region. Melanelixia fuliginosa, Protoparmelia badia and Evernia mesomorpha were erroneously reported for Khortytsia Island and therefore should be excluded from the list of species. Of the recorded lichens, two species, Lassalia pustulata and Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis, are included into the Red Data Book of Ukraine. Verrucaria fusconigrescens is a new host for Zwackhiomyces lithoiceae.
Kualitas Benih dan Pertumbuhan Kedelai yang Berasal dari Jenis Tanah dan Sistem Pertanaman Berbeda
Authors: Permanasari Indah , Septirosya Tiara , Hera Novita
Published: July 2024

Kedelai merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis nasional. Seiring dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan kedelai maka perlu disiapkan benih yang mempunyai kualitas tinggi. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan seperti kondisi tanah dan sistem pertanaman akan mempengaruhi kualitas benih yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas benih kedelai yang berasal dari penanaman pada dua jenis tanah dan sistem pertanaman yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor dengan 4 blok sebagai ulanganulangan.kelompok . Faktor pertama adalah sumber benih yang berasal dari dua jenis tanah yaitu gambut dan mineral. Faktor kedua merupakan benih yang berasal dari penanamnanm secara monokultur dan tumpangsari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kandungan lemak dan protein biji kedelai yang berasal dari benih yang ditanam di lahan mineral lebih baik dibandingkan benih yang berasal dari tanah gambut. Penanaman benih kedelai di tanah gambut dapat meningkatkan kandungan serat dan karbohidrat biji serta viabilitas dan vigor benih. Penanaman secara tumpang sari meningkatkan kandungan protein dan serat benih namun tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bibit.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja Di Pemadam Kebakaran Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Astiani Sri Ayulestari  , Nurgahayu  , Andi Nurlinda
Published: July 2024

Menurut Occupational Health and Safety Assessment (OHSAS) 18001, kecelakaan kerja yaitu sebuah kejadian yag tidak diharapkan dan menyebabkan kematian, cedera, kehilangan waktu dan rusaknya harta benda. Dalam hasil Konvensi Nasional Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja yang diadakan di Jakarta tahun 1989, kecelakaan industri yaitu suatu peristiwa yang menyebabkan karyawan cedera/sakit atau kerusakan properti perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja pada petugas pemadam kebakaran di Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kabupaten Maros. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional . Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 181 petugas pemadam kebakaran yang bekerja di Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kabupaten Maros. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 169 petugas yang diambil menggunakan metode Isaac & Michael. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dengan derajat kemaknaan (α= 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan K3 dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja (p= 0,000) sedangkan tidak ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja (p= 0,933) dan tidak ada hubungan antara sikap kerja dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja (p=1,000). Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian kecelakaan kerja pada petugas di Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kabupaten Maros.
Pengaruh Pencantuman Peringatan Kesehatan Kemasan Rokok Terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Di RW 005 Kelurahan Sudiang Raya
Authors: Batara Lipu Andi Varil , Ikhtiar Muhammad , Sididi Mansur
Published: July 2024

Masalah rokok telah menjadi masalah masyarakat, karena sebagian besar masyarakat terkena dampak yang negatif. Konsumsi tembakau khususnya perilaku merokok aktif di Indonesia meningkat, termasuk kaum muda dan perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pencantuman peringatan kesehatan pada kemasan rokok terhadap perubahan perilaku merokok remaja RW 005 Kelurahan Sudiang Raya. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pre eksperimental model design one group pre test post test. Populasi penelitian adalah remaja RW 005 Kelurahan Sudiang Raya sebanyak 313 orang dan sampel sebanyak 76 orang metode random sampling. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari data yang diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner lalu dilakukan uji normalitas data dan dianalisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon menunjukkan ada pengaruh Peringatan kesehatan pada kemasan rokok terhadap pengetahuan dan tindakan remaja dengan nilai p-value 0,000 < 0,05 sedangkan sikap dengan nilai p-value 0,017 < 0,05 pada remaja RW 005 Kelurahan Sudiang Raya. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh peringatan kesehatan kemasan rokok terhadap perilaku merokok remaja di RW 005 Kelurahan Sudiang Raya.
Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) Pada Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat Di Terminal Peti Kemas Kendari
Authors: Adyssya Githa Assyahra  , Nurul Hikmah B  , Aulia Rahman
Published: July 2024

Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) sangat penting untuk mengisolasi sebagian atau seluruh tubuh dari potensi bahaya ditempat kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat pelindung diri pada tenaga kerja bongkar muat di terminal peti kemas kendari. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Pengumpulan data dimulai pada tanggal 02 Juni sampai 8 Juni 2022. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji statistic Chi-Squart. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubugan antara pengetahuan dengan pengunaan APD pada tenaga kerja (p = 0.444). Tidak ada hubungan antara sikap dengan penggunaan APD (p = 0.444) dan tidak ada hubungan antara tindakan dengan penggunaan APD pada tenaga kerja  (p = 1.000). Adapun saran dalam penelitian ini yaitu diharapkan untuk menambah pengetahuan pekerja tentang APD. Untuk tenaga kerja yang masih belum memakai APD secara lengkap dihimbau untuk lebih meningkatkan kesadaran tentang pentingnya penggunaan Alat Pelinudng Diri (APD) dengan mengikuti safety talk dan perlu adanya penghargaan bagi pekerja yang bekerja sesuai standar seperti pekerja yang menggunakan APD yang baik.
La lucha de clases en la industria de la carne.
Authors: Leyes Rodolfo Matías
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objeto la reconstrucción y comparación entre tres conflictos sindicales producidos en el frigorífico inglés de la localidad de Santa Elena, provincia de Entre Ríos. Los conflictos se desarrollaron en 1907, 1921 y en 1946 en contextos, tanto nacional como locales diferentes y ofrecen una oportunidad excepcional para el análisis entre ambas experiencias de luchas, en particular, si se tiene en cuenta que entre una y otra no se registraron otras disputas públicas de envergadura. Dicho de otro modo, son dos experiencias que parecen independientes, pero tienen un hilo conductor que no es otro que la explotación laboral en aquel espacio de trabajo. También, dado el tiempo que separa ambas situaciones, el estudio comparado nos permite ver como activaron otros agentes como la empresa, el Estado y aliados circunstanciales de los trabajadores locales. Asimismo, brinda la posibilidad de acercarnos a las disputas que se producían en el propio movimiento obrero.
Morir en Paraná de entre siglos.
Authors: Olier María de los Ángeles
Published: July 2024

Este artículo presenta parte del acervo del Archivo Histórico Municipal de Paraná, los libros de registro de inhumaciones del Cementerio de la Santísima Trinidad de principios del siglo XX. Se propone difundir la fuente y construir una serie de interpretaciones posibles del análisis en base a dos muestras temporales, las que permiten extraer información demográfica de la ciudad y relacionarla con procesos históricos más amplios. También describe las actividades que se desarrollan para la divulgación de esta fuente primaria en el marco de acciones culturales de mediación del área de investigación y servicio educativo del Museo de la Ciudad, donde cobran importancia conceptos como interpretación patrimonial e histórica y patrimonio funerario.
Estudio de caso de migrantes ingenieros venezolanos en Buenos Aires, sobre su inserción laboral, el uso de las TIC y la resiliencia psicosocial
Authors: Paulillo Chirinos Adrianny Lucia
Published: July 2024

Los venezolanos y las venezolanas son parte de uno de los mayores éxodos de migrantes en el mundo ocupando el lugar número 11 del ranking de lugar de origen de migrantes a nivel global y el más grande de Latinoamérica (OIM, 2021), lo cual hace notar la crisis económica, política y social debido a la emergencia humanitaria compleja (ACNUR, 2021) vivida en el país y que afecta a las distintas sociedades receptoras de migrantes.
Debido a la globalización, surge la necesidad de realizar una revisión de la literatura académica como muestra de la posible integración teórica en la vida de un migrante desde un aspecto psicosocial. Esto amerita el uso de distintas estrategias en los nuevos contextos, lo que genera dudas sobre el tipo de adaptación que puedan tener, como la integración, asimilación, separación o la marginación, todas ellas explicadas por Castro (2011). El sufrimiento sentido, que fue inicialmente explicado por Grinberg y Grinberg (1982), el posible desarrollo de la resiliencia mencionada por Cyrulnik (2006) y su necesidad de un tutor, son los principales marcos teóricos utilizados para el abordaje, al igual que la resiliencia explicada desde el punto de vista psicosocial por Del Castillo (2016) en la rehabilitación por adicciones.
Todas estas teorías y sus ramificaciones son contextualizadas según el método de entrevista en profundidad realizada en el estudio de caso único de los ingenieros e ingenieras venezolanas migrantes en la Argentina y cuyo análisis está orientado por estas referencias teóricas.
Presentación dosier «Ficciones especulativas. Arte, ciencia y tecnología»
Authors: Stubrin Lucía , López del Rincón Daniel
Published: July 2024

En este número de la revista del prudente Saber y del máximo posible de Sabor, presentamos el dosier Ficciones especulativas. Arte, ciencia y tecnología. Esta iniciativa surge de la necesidad de repensar y redefinir las fronteras entre disciplinas que, aunque tradicionalmente diferenciadas, hoy se entrelazan de maneras complejas y con un gran potencial de contrapunto a las narrativas establecidas. Si en nuestros imaginarios ancestrales de referencia el arte, la ciencia y la tecnología aparecen a menudo como entidades indisociables, creemos que debemos rehabitar y dotar de sentido a ese punto cero de la cultura donde estas esferas de conocimiento se fusionan con naturalidad, invocando la máxima de Hans Haacke según la cual la realidad no se divide en departamentos universitarios.
The Use of Russian Endoprostheses to Eliminate Defects of the Auricle: Experimental Analysis
Authors: Daikhes N.A. ,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Manturova N.E. , Nazaryan D.N. , Khachatryan A.A. , Khesuani Yu.D. , Diab H.M. , Machalov A.S. , Arakelyan G.G. ,   JSC Institute of Plastic Surgery and Cosmetology, Moscow, Russian Federation,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow,   LLC “3D Bioprinting Solutions”, Moscow, Russian Federation,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow,   National Medical Research Center of Otorhinolaryngology FMBA of Russia, Moscow
Published: July 2024

Summary. The purposes of the study are to improve the quality of life of patients with congenital atresia or amputation of the external ear. Materials and research methods. In the experiment, two closely related individuals of minipig (domestic dwarf pigs) of the Sus salvanius breed were used as a living biological model. Two minipigs were surgically treated in the operating room under sterile conditions using standard surgical instruments. The surgical phase of the experiment consisted of three stages. All surgical stages were performed under multicomponent total intravenous (IV) anesthesia in the presence of an anesthesiologist. The operations were performed by two surgical teams of 2 surgeons each. The following steps were completed within 120 days: collection of ear cartilage from individuals for isolation and cultivation of chondrocytes; implantation and prefabrication of bioengineered endoprostheses into the muscle sheaths of the parietal region; collection of grafts for histological analysis. All three surgical steps on both minipigs were identical and were performed synchronously. Research results and their analysis. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: – the domestic endoprosthesis has shown its effectiveness and safety on a biological model; – further study of the proven methodology on a larger number of biological models is necessary; – taking into account the purity of Beta testing, the developed material must be tested in clinical studies; – the use of chondrocytes and cell engineering technologies makes it possible to create safe and effective endoprostheses to eliminate congenital atresia of the auricle.
Intrauterine foetal death product as a foreign body in urinary bladder: A case report
Authors: Nahid Md. Abu , Hasan Mahmudul , Islam SK Nazibul , Al Mamun Mamun Ur Rashid , Mueed Adnan , Islam Md. Saiful
Published: July 2024

Migration of intrauterine fetal death (IUD) products from the uterus to different nearby intra abdominal organ of body especially to urinary bladder is a rare clinical situation to report. Here we are presenting a case , where a woman of 54 years of age presented to us with the history of IUD at 27 weeks of gestation 17 years back with history of passage of hard brittle bony fragment like material with urine and an abdominal lump. Laparotomy was done, some parts of IUD product was found to migrate to urinary bladder cavity, some parts to incompletely invade the intestinal loops & some parts towards the abdominal wall to form the lump. Hysterectomy was done, product was removed and the entire involved organ was repaired successfully and patient cure was uneventful.
Effect of sidestream cigarette smoking on memory of male Long-Evans rats
Authors: Begum Amina , Patwary Md. Shaiful Islam , Trisha Adity Ara , Shahjadi Shorifa
Published: July 2024

Background: Memory impairment is an important presentation of many diseases. Sidestream cigarette smoke (SCS), a form of passive smoke, causes neural complications such as impaired memory. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sidestream cigarette smoke on memory of male Long-Evans rats.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Physiology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Twelve male Long-Evans rats, having 150 to 200 grams body weight were collected from central animal house of this University. Rats were divided into fresh air group (control) and experimental group (exposer to SCS for 30 minutes twice daily) for 30 consecutive days. For memory evaluation, Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed. Working memory was measured as escape latency in training and four trial phases. Reference memory (escape latency in acquisition phase and target crossings in probe trial. For estimation of hippocampal antioxidant enzymes, catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured by ELISA. Data were expressed as mean (standard error of mean) and t test was done to compare the two groups. P <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Two to five times higher escape latency (working memory) was observed in experimental rats compared to those of control rats (P<0.001). Moreover, significantly lower (3.8 versus 7.8) target crossings (P<0.001) were found in experimental rats compared to the control rats. In addition, hippocampal catalase (6.2 versus 17.6 U/mg protein) and glutathione peroxidase (1.9 versus 5.6 U/mg protein) levels were found significantly lower (P<0.001) in experimental rats when compared to control rats.
Conclusion: The sidestream cigarette smoke caused memory impairment and decrement of hippocampal antioxidant enzymes level in male Long-Evans rats.
Unexplained bleeding as a presentation of Munchausen syndrome: A case report
Authors: Zohra Fatima , Rahman Maheen , Lopa Rasheda Nasrin , Jahan Shawkat Ara
Published: July 2024

Physicians sometimes face difficulty identifying underlying diseases of some signs and symptoms created by individuals intentionally but without any apparent practical gain. This case report presents the clinical profile of a woman aged 22 years with a history of recurrent bleeding from the oral cavity since childhood, which has recently been worsened and now involves bleeding from the nose, eye, ear, and umbilicus. However, no physical or laboratory abnormalities could be identified. She had mental trauma in her childhood. After a comprehensive assessment that included a medical history, observation, physical examination, and psychiatric evaluation, she was diagnosed with Munchausen syndrome, which is a psychological condition where people pretend to be ill or deliberately produce symptoms of illness in themselves. She was treated with pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy and discharged from the hospital bleeding-free, which persisted till several follow-up visits.
Oxidative stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chakraborty Shuvra , Sultana Shamima , Begum Shelina
Published: July 2024

Abstract not available
Association of nailfold capillaroscopic findings with clinical features in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Haque Tajkia , Shahin Md. Abu , Islam Md. Ariful , Bandhan Iftekhar Hussain , Choudhury Minhaj Rahim , Haq Syed Atiqul , Zaman Mohammad Mostafa
Published: July 2024

Background: Microvascular damage is one of the most important etiopathogenetic and clinical characteristics of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive imaging technique to assess the skin microcirculation. The aim of this study was to determine the association between NFC findings and clinical features in patients with SSc.
Methods: This study was done in the Department of Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from July 2019 to August 2020. Twenty-nine adult patients with SSc were selected according to ACR/EULAR (American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology) criteria 2013. NFC variables (capillary loss, avascular area, giant capillary, microhemorrhage and neoangiogenesis) and their NFC patterns (nonspecific, early, active, and late scleroderma) were analyzed using a dynamic nailfold capillaroscope. Their associations with disease duration, skin thickness score, interstitial lung disease (ILD), pulmonary hypertension (PH) and peripheral vascular involvement (pitting scar, and others) were examined.
Results: Among 29 patients, scleroderma patterns were present in 27 (93.1%) patients. Thirteen (44.8%) patients had late scleroderma pattern. Early scleroderma pattern and active scleroderma patterns were observed in 7 (24.1%) patients. Disease duration was significantly associated with avascular area (P=0.04) and NFC pattern (P=0.001). Microhemorrhage was significantly associated (P=0.04) with PH, but NFC pattern was associated with ILD (P=0.03).
Conclusion: NFC pattern found to be significantly associated with disease duration and ILD. Among the individual NFC findings, avascular area shows association with disease duration and microhaemorrhage showed association with pulmonary hypertension in SSc patients.
Screening Commercial Probiotic Products for Enhancing Floc Maturation in Biofloc System
Authors: Kamruzzaman - , Khatun Mst Shahinur , Laboni Taiba Akter , Rahman Md Ashekur , Harun Md , Rahman Obaidur , Islam Md Akhtarul , Rahman Md Mahabubur , Hossain Md Yeamin
Published: July 2024

The global population is steadily increasing, including in Bangladesh, and this necessitates the exploration of new technologies to meet the future demand for fish and biofloc technology holds great potential. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information regarding biofloc culture technology in Bangladesh. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify a suitable probiotic for achieving rapid floc maturation. The research was taking place at the Pran Fisheries Project located in Razapur village, under the Sreemangal Upazilla in the Moulvibazar district, from 01 October to 15 October 2021. Thus, four different probiotics, namely Everfresh-Pro, PondCare-3S, Profs, and MI Plus, were tested and each one exhibited distinct mean value. Throughout the floc maturation process, consistent conditions were maintained, including a temperature range of 27-30°C, dissolved oxygen (DO) levels of 6 ppm, pH of 7.8, total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of 980 ppm, and salinity of 0.8 ppt for all probiotics. The results revealed flocculation measurements of 28 mL for Everfresh-Pro, 23 mL for PondCare-3S, 20 mL for Profs, and 15 mL for MI Plus, as determined by the Imhoff Cone. The utilization of Everfresh-Pro probiotic results in a shorter FCO (Fermented Carbon Organic) production time among the other probiotics within biofloc system. These findings emphasize the significant potential of employing suitable probiotics in FCO making process, as it can substantially reduce maturation time and enhance the quality of floc, ultimately leading to more efficient and effective aquaculture practice through biofloc technology.
J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 1-12, 2023
A Comprehensive Study on Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacology of Curcuma Longa L.- A Review
Authors: Khan Ajmain Ishaat , Aktar Fahima , Chowdhury Jakir Ahmed , Chowdhury Abu Asad , Kabir Shaila , Amran Md Shah
Published: July 2024

Turmeric, or Curcuma longa, has been used widely in Indian subcontinental cuisine, cosmetics, preservatives, and ceremonial purposes. Turmeric has long been used to cure a variety of conditions, including allergies, indigestion, coughing, and other illnesses. This review attempts to close the knowledge gap about the wider range of medical applications of Curcuma longa, with a special emphasis on the pharmacological characteristics of its main ingredients, curcuminoids and essential oils. Turmeric has shown encouraging therapeutic results in recent trials, most notably in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, microbiological infections, asthma, snake bites, and Alzheimer's disease. The review objectively evaluates the data pertaining to these assertions, emphasizing aromatic-turmerone and curcumin as main active ingredients. Through a methodical examination of existing literature, this review highlights the possibility of developing turmeric-based novel drugs for modern medicine, thereby contributing to improved health outcomes and quality of life.
J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 67-85, 2023
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW : PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI DETERMINAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: Ulantari Nadilla , Wardi Yunia , Ilham Thaib
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar profitabilitas yang mendorong tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur pada tahun 2018-2022. Metode penelitian ini melibatkan tinjauan literatur secara sistematis dan tiga tahap: perencanaan, implementasi, dan pelaporan. Hasil dari pendekatan pencarian termasuk 480 artikel relevan dari database Google Scholar, yang kemudian diolah untuk menunjukkan bahwa hanya 20 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria makalah jurnal yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2018 dan 2022. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas memiliki pengaruh yang substansial sebagai penentu tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan, dengan semakin tingginya tingkat tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan diklaim oleh perusahaan.
ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI PENERIMAAN PAJAK RESTORAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hastuti Poppy Indri , Sulistyawati Yayuk , Indu Yasinta Yansi
Published: July 2024

This analysis tries to calculate the additional income provided by restaurant levies on the Unique Income of Malang City Province between 2018 and 2022. Graphic quantitative data is the type of research used to conduct this research. The investigation findings support the theory that income from the Malang City Restaurant Tax Revenue Contribution levy for 2018–2022 varies based on annual salary; especially in 2018 it was 15%, in 2019 it increased to 18%, in 2020 it decreased to 17%, in 2021 it became 15%, and in 2022 there was a very large increase reaching 22%. Therefore, the average annual income from restaurant levies from the Malang City Territorial Unique Pay is 17.4%, which can be assumed to be relatively or moderate.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN USAHA MELALUI KREDIT USAH PADA SEKTOR UMKM
Authors: Lestari Elly , Setyawati Yuni , Valentina Meli Faustina
Published: July 2024

The researcch objective wass to determine the effecct of business credit in an effort to increase MSME sector business income around Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University, Malang City. Thiis research method is a quantitatiive method. The researchh instrument uses a questionnairee. The data collection technique was purposive sampling with 30 respondents as MSME managers or owners. The data analysis techniquee is Simple Linear.Regression. Based onthe resultsof the study that Business.Credit has. a. posiitive and significant. influence. on MSME business. iincome. This means that the greater the provision of busiiness loans and the proper use of them will increasee the income of MSME businesses. The business credit contribution to operating income is 96.5%. Increasing business income will encourage the business to grow even more.
DETERMINAN FAKTOR KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MELALUI KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Studi Kasus Pada Pengguna Shopee Di Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Wahyu Ningsih Wahyu Ningsih , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The aim of this research is to explain the impact of price discounts, e-service quality and electronic word of mouth on purchasing decisions through consumer trust as an intervening variable for Shopee users in the city of Yogyakarta, Methods: this research uses quantitative methods by distributing questionnaires. The sample obtained was 115 respondent. Data analysis: using descriptive data analysis techniques and path analysis, Result and discussions: the results of the regression coefficient were interpreted so that the positive influence of the four variables showed that sales would increase by 0.143 items when the added value of the price discount variable increased by one element. Sales increased by 0.046 items for every increase in e-service quality elements. Sales increased 0.448 for every point increase in the e-wom variable value. Sales increased 0.219 for every point increase in the value of the consumer trust variable, Conclusion: Price discount, e-service quality and e-wom have a positive and significant effect on consumer trust in Shopee users in the city of Yogyakarta. Price discount and e-service quality have no positive effect and significance towards purchasing decisions among Shopee users in the city of Yogyakarta, while e-wom and consumer trust have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions among Shopee users in the city of Yogyakarta, and consumer trust is able to mediate price discounts, e-service quality and e-wom towards purchasing decisions for Shopee users in the city of Yogyakarta.
EFISIENSI BOPO TERHADAP LABA BERSIH PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2018-2021
Authors: Wiguna Kusnadi Yudha , Triyati Triyati , Nurbaiti Nurbaiti
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi Biaya Operasional dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap laba bersih pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018-2021. Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang dipergunakan yaitu data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan perbankan yang diperoleh melalui website www.idx.go.id dengan populasi berjumlah 47 perusahaan. Sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 4 perusahaan dengan pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat rasio efisiensi BOPO maka semakin tinggi laba bersih yang diperoleh perusahaan, begitu juga sebaliknya. Efisiensi BOPO pada perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018 -2021 menunjukkan kinerja yang sehat yang berarti perusahaan mampu menjaga stabilitas efisiensi antara biaya operasional dan pendapatan operasional untuk memperoleh laba bersih yang optimal.Kata kunci : Efisiensi BOPO, Laba Bersih.