bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Multiperiod Pricing with Service Guarantees
Authors: Borgs Christian , Candogan Ozan , Chayes Jennifer , Lobel Ilan , Nazerzadeh Hamid
Published: February 2014

We study the multiperiod pricing problem of a service firm with capacity levels that vary over time. Customers are heterogeneous in their arrival and departure periods as well as valuations, and are fully strategic with respect to their purchasing decisions. The firm's problem is to set a sequence of prices that maximizes its revenue while guaranteeing service to all paying customers. We provide a dynamic programming based algorithm that computes the optimal sequence of prices for this problem in polynomial time. We show that due to the presence of strategic customers, available service capacity at a time period may bind the price offered at another time period. This phenomenon leads the firm to utilize the same price in multiple periods, in effect limiting the number of different prices that the service firm utilizes in optimal price policies. Also, when customers become more strategic (patient for service), the firm offers higher prices. This may lead to the underutilization of capacity, lower revenues, and reduced customer welfare. We observe that the firm can combat this problem if it has an ability, beyond posted prices, to direct customers to different service periods.

This paper was accepted by Dimitris Bertsimas, optimization.
Ecocinema for all: Reassembling the audience
Authors: Tong Chris
Published: February 2014

However well-intentioned, the ‘audience’ may be a limiting concept in ecocinema studies. The audience does not sit passively in front of the screen, but rather participates actively in the world of multimedia. In fact, there is no hard and fast boundary between actors and spectators, producers and consumers, senders and receivers, academics and fans. Ecocinema studies benefits greatly from this insight: researchers can now turn to the most general user of media, i.e. everyone. The more we open ourselves to how others view ecocinema, the more we can uncover - rather than suppress - cinema’s latent richness. An inclusive dialogue on ecocinema keeps us attuned to the sense of coexistence that is the hallmark of ecological thinking. In this article, I propose four modes of viewing ecocinema: activist, allegorical, evocative, realist.
Towards a political economy of ecodocumentary
Authors: Selheim Megan
Published: February 2014

Documentary film has long been a tool used by progressive political and social movements to raise awareness of social issues and to advocate for action to create change. This is especially true for documentarians working within the environmental movement. However, film-makers often fail to take into account the role economics plays in their ability to have their film seen by the public, and how certain portrayals within the film may undermine its ability to effect social change. Analyses of An Inconvenient Truth (Guggenheim, 2006), The Cove (Psihoyos, 2009) and Journey to the End of Coal (Bollendorf and Segretin 2008) show how traditional modes of documentary distribution fail to reach the desired audience, while exploring non-traditional distribution models and outlets may be more effective in using film to spur social activism. Film-makers need to re-envision their relationship with the audience to create work with more impact and to use audience involvement to garner a larger viewership.
Princess Mononoke and beyond: New nature narratives for children
Authors: Thevenin Benjamin
Published: February 2014

Eco-cinema for children is a growing sub-genre of film that attempts to introduce environmental issues to young audiences. The conventional approach employed by many of these films from Bambi (Algar et al., 1942) to The Lorax (Renaud and Bauda, 2012) is to use a melodramatic narrative structure in which heroic nature is pitted against harmful humanity. The use of melodrama makes sense given the narrative tradition’s revolutionary roots and its accessibility to wide (and young) audiences. However, the efficacy of such an approach is debatable, especially in regards to its positioning of the audience as passive consumers rather than active participants. Given the understanding of film viewers as ‘active audiences’, this issue of the subjectivity of the child spectator is especially important. The following article engages in a comparative analysis of the conventional approach to eco-cinema for children and a new nature narrative, principally demonstrated by Hayao Miyazaki’s Princess Mononoke (1997). While including certain elements from melodrama, Mononoke is able to more effectively represent some of the complexities of environmental discourse and subsequently encourage more critical, active participation among its young viewers. Finally, the article argues that Princess Mononoke initiated a new trend in nature narratives for children, and that films like Wall-E (Stanton, 2008) continue to demonstrate the efficacy of eco-cinema for children that artfully balances complexity with accessibility.
From concrete horror to symbolic significance in Body Memory
Authors: Kau Edvin Vestergaard
Published: February 2014

Body Memory confronts the viewer with a tale of deported people’s experience of hopelessness and terror. In this article, I engage with the film and analyse elements of its concrete cinematic practice, in order to investigate how it achieves symbolic significance and universality.
Perception of sound in/as Body Memory
Authors: Have Iben
Published: February 2014

This article begins with a phenomenological description of the perception of the soundtrack in Body Memory: what is heard and what do the sounds express. Inspired by cognitive semantics, it then continues to present this perception as linked to the listener’s body memory.
Unravelling the body without organs in Body Memory
Authors: Richter Nicole
Published: February 2014

The primary source of terror in Body Memory emerges from the lack of materiality underneath the unravelling body. Using Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari’s concept of the ‘body-without-organs’ this article discusses the biopolitical implications of representing the body as an assemblage of string.
Generic hybridity in Holocaust cinema
Authors: Vice Sue
Published: February 2014

This article explores the generic hybridity of Seven Minutes in the Warsaw Ghetto, as it unites aesthetic and historical elements. The film is an example of what Claude Lanzmann calls ‘a fiction of the real’, in which the elements of aesthetic and documentary are differently aligned from those in Shoah (1985).
‘Robbed of one’s eyes’: Re-viewing the Holocaust
Authors: Quigley Paula
Published: February 2014

The literal and/or figurative violation of the human eye has been a striking figure of cinema since its inception, reflecting back on the act of spectatorship itself. Here, an uncanny confrontation between our role as spectators and how we ‘see’ history takes place directly through the eyes of a child.
Nevermore
Authors: Kerner Aaron
Published: February 2014

Holocaust films share common tropes. A number of Holocaust films feature children – utilized for any number of narrative purposes. A fair number of Holocaust films also include birds, usually to visualize a character’s longing. Seven Minutes in the Warsaw Ghetto uses these common tropes, but breaks the mold.
Art and the Holocaust: Positioning Seven Minutes in the Warsaw Ghetto
Authors: Raskin Richard
Published: February 2014

Seven Minutes in the Warsaw Ghetto will be considered here in the light of two radically different views of the relationship between art and the Holocaust – one proposed by Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, the other by the film-maker Alain Resnais.
Assessing depression and anxiety in the caregivers of pediatric patients with chronic skin disorders
Authors: Manzoni Ana Paula Dornelles da Silva , Weber Magda Blessmann , Nagatomi Aline Rodrigues da Silva , Pereira Rita Langie , Townsend Roberta Zaffari , Cestari Tania Ferreira
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND: The literature has shown that the presence of emotional disturbances in caregivers of children with skin diseases affects the course and treatment of the disease. Anxiety and depression are among the most frequently reported psychiatric diagnoses related to this fact. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of pediatric patients with chronic skin disorders, exemplified by atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo, and correlate them to the quality of life of the patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 118 patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis, monitored by their main caregiver. The levels of anxiety and depression in the caregivers were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied. RESULTS: Anxiety was observed in 36% of the caregivers of the patients with atopic dermatitis, in 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis, and in 42% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. Depression occurred in 36% of the caregivers of patients with atopic dermatitis, in 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and in 26% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. There was a significant correlation between poor quality of life scores in patients with vitiligo and the presence of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. CONCLUSION: Emotional disorders tend to be present among close family members of children with the chronic skin diseases studied and their prevention can help in controlling and treating these diseases.
Treatment of superficial mycoses: review - part II
Authors: Dias Maria Fernanda Reis Gavazzoni , Bernardes-Filho Fred , Quaresma-Santos Maria Victória Pinto , Amorim Adriana Gutstein da Fonseca , Schechtman Regina Casz , Azulay David Rubem
Published: February 2014

Superficial fungal infections of the hair, skin and nails are a major cause of morbidity in the world. Choosing the right treatment is not always simple because of the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. The first part of the article discusses the main treatments for superficial mycoses - keratophytoses, dermatophytosis, candidiasis, with a practical approach to the most commonly-used topical and systemic drugs , referring also to their dosage and duration of use. Promising new, antifungal therapeutic alternatives are also highlighted, as well as available options on the Brazilian and world markets.
Obesity and dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis treated at a dermatologic clinic in Manaus
Authors: Santos Mônica , Fonseca Hannah Monteiro , Jalkh Alex Panizza , Gomes Gabriela Piraice , Cavalcante Andrea de Souza
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology, with participation of genetic, autoimmune and environmental factors. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of inflammatory cells and mediators in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which is now defined as a systemic and autoimmune inflammatory disease that may be associated with other diseases of inflammatory nature. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the occurrence of obesity and dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis treated at a dermatology clinic in Manaus. METHODS: We performed a prospective descriptive study to assess the prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis. Besides the recommended dermatological care, a physical examination was performed to measure weight, height and waist circumference. RESULTS: We included 72 patients, 44 (61.1%) female and 28 (38.9%) male, with a mean age of 51.0 years ± 15.9 years. As for body mass index (BMI), 16 (22.2%) were overweight and 20 (27.8%) were obese. In the analysis of waist circumference in relation to gender, we found that 79.5% of women surveyed had central obesity, a percentage statistically higher than that observed among men (42.9%) at the 5% level of significance (p = 0.001). Regarding the diagnosis of dyslipidemia, 29 (65.9%) females and 22 (78.6%) males showed alterations in lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of dyslipidemia and obesity in patients with psoriasis can affect life quality and expectancy, increasing the risk of systemic and metabolic diseases, which makes periodic investigation of these comorbidities in patients with psoriasis mandatory.
Serology with ML Flow test in health professionals from three different states of Brazil
Authors: Calado Karla Lucena Sampaio , Magnanini Mônica Maria Ferreira , Moura Rodrigo Scaliante de , Gallo Maria Eugenia Noviski , Bührer-Sékula Samira , Oliveira Maria Leide Wand-Del-Rey de
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND: In highly endemic countries, transmission and sub-clinical infection of leprosy are likely and the disease manifests itself in individuals without any known close contact with a leprosy patient. Health workers are social contacts belonging to the same network (the Health System) and some of them share the same social environment (nursing assistants) as patients with known patients and / or carriers. OBJECTIVE: To identify ML Flow seropositivity among health professionals. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a serological survey with the ML Flow test in 450 health professionals (doctors, nurses and nursing assistants), in order to detect seropositivity in areas of high and low endemicity in municipalities from three Brazilian states (RJ, MS and RS). RESULTS: The results showed general 16% seropositivity, higher in low endemic areas, regardless of whether there was direct care for leprosy patients. Paradoxically, a statistical association was observed between the area studied and seropositivity, as the place with the lowest endemicity (CA) had the highest seropositivity rate (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: The authors suggest these results are associated with a presence of an unspecified link to bovine serum albumin (BSA), carrier of PGL-1 in the ML Flow test, and recommend expanded seroepidemiological research utilizing tests with human and bovine albumin.
Do you know this syndrome?
Authors: Machado Pedro Vale , Daxbacher Egon Luiz Rodrigues , Obadia Daniel Lago , Cunha Edna Ferreira da , Alves Maria de Fátima Guimarães Scotelaro , Mann Danielle
Published: February 2014

Berardinelli-Seip syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by inadequate metabolism and inefficient storing of lipids in fat cells, generating accumulation of fat in organs such as the liver, spleen, pancreas, heart, arterial endothelium and skin. Classically, patients manifest generalized lipoatrophy at birth or until 2 years of age, and in adolescence usually develop marked insulin resistance with rapid progression to diabetes and dyslipidemia. We report the case of a 17-year-old Berardinelli-Seip syndrome patient with eruptive xanthoma associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia. It is worth noting Eruptive xanthoma as a dermatological manifestation that is not generally highlighted in the reports of cases of this genetic metabolic disorder.
Triple nanoemulsion potentiates the effects of topical treatments with microencapsulated retinol and modulates biological processes related to skin aging
Authors: Afornali Alessandro , Vecchi Rodrigo de , Stuart Rodrigo Makowiecky , Dieamant Gustavo , Oliveira Luciana Lima de , Brohem Carla Abdo , Feferman Israel Henrique Stokfisz , Fabrício Lincoln Helder Zambaldi , Lorencini Márcio
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND: The sum of environmental and genetic factors affects the appearance and function of the skin as it ages. The identification of molecular changes that take place during skin aging provides biomarkers and possible targets for therapeutic intervention. Retinoic acid in different formulations has emerged as an alternative to prevent and repair age-related skin damage. OBJECTIVES: To understand the effects of different retinoid formulations on the expression of genes associated with biological processes that undergo changes during skin aging. METHODS: Ex-vivo skin samples were treated topically with different retinoid formulations. The modulation of biological processes associated with skin aging was measured by Reverse Transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS: A formulation containing microencapsulated retinol and a blend of active ingredients prepared as a triple nanoemulsion provided the best results for the modulation of biological, process-related genes that are usually affected during skin aging. CONCLUSION: This association proved to be therapeutically more effective than tretinoin or microencapsulated retinol used singly.
Clinical epidemiological profile of vitiligo in children and adolescents
Authors: Marinho Flauberto de Sousa , Cirino Pablo Vitoriano , Fernandes Nurimar C.
Published: February 2014

94 children and 25 adolescents, 42% male and 58% female, aged predominantly between six and ten years old (40%) were studied at the Martagão Gesteira Childcare and Pediatrics Institute (Rio de Janeiro Federal University) between 2005 and 2011. The prevalent clinical form of vitiligo was the generalized type (34%). Although the clinical response was similar between the treatment modalities, we decided for low and high power topical steroids in our routine. Halo nevi were found in seven (5.9%) cases. Thirty (25%) patients underwent specialized evaluation and 18 (60%) reported some relevant psychological situation.
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus
Authors: Viana Ana Carolina Leite , Gontijo Bernardo , Bittencourt Flávia Vasques
Published: February 2014

Giant congenital melanocytic nevus is usually defined as a melanocytic lesion present at birth that will reach a diameter ≥ 20 cm in adulthood. Its incidence is estimated in <1:20,000 newborns. Despite its rarity, this lesion is important because it may associate with severe complications such as malignant melanoma, affect the central nervous system (neurocutaneous melanosis), and have major psychosocial impact on the patient and his family due to its unsightly appearance. Giant congenital melanocytic nevus generally presents as a brown lesion, with flat or mammilated surface, well-demarcated borders and hypertrichosis. Congenital melanocytic nevus is primarily a clinical diagnosis. However, congenital nevi are histologically distinguished from acquired nevi mainly by their larger size, the spread of the nevus cells to the deep layers of the skin and by their more varied architecture and morphology. Although giant congenital melanocytic nevus is recognized as a risk factor for the development of melanoma, the precise magnitude of this risk is still controversial. The estimated lifetime risk of developing melanoma varies from 5 to 10%. On account of these uncertainties and the size of the lesions, the management of giant congenital melanocytic nevus needs individualization. Treatment may include surgical and non-surgical procedures, psychological intervention and/or clinical follow-up, with special attention to changes in color, texture or on the surface of the lesion. The only absolute indication for surgery in giant congenital melanocytic nevus is the development of a malignant neoplasm on the lesion.
Using 80% trichloroacetic acid in the treatment of ingrown toenails
Authors: Barreiros Hugo , Matos Diogo , Goulão João , Serrano Pedro , João Alexandre , Brandão Francisco Menezes
Published: February 2014

BACKGROUND: Ingrown nails are a very common problem. There are different stages of disease and diverse therapeutic options. Phenol and sodium hydroxide are commonly used agents for chemical matricectomy but both frequently entail excessive healing times. OBJECTIVE: This prospective study aimed mainly to evaluate the efficacy of partial nail avulsion and selective chemical cauterization of the matrix using 80% TCA in the treatment of the ingrowing nail. METHODS: One-hundred-and-thirty-three patients with 197 ingrown toenails were included in this study. Preoperatively, we tried to find predisposing factors to the disease. In the postoperative period, patients were evaluated for potential complications at days 3, 30, 180, 270 and 360. Pain was measured before surgery, as well as 24 hours and 72 hours after surgery. RESULTS: There were only 3 cases (out of 197) of ingrown nail recurrence. Preoperatively, we found the presence of drainage in 82% of patients, which, following the first visit after surgery, was reduced to 19%. Persistent granulation tissue was found in 3% of the patients (versus 75% prior to surgery). The most frequent predisposing factors for the ingrown nail were excessive trimming of the lateral nail plate (63%), plantar hyperhidrosis (58%) and heavy nail folds (39%). Pain was substantially reduced after surgery. CONCLUSION: It is assumed that chemical procedures for the ingrown toenail are associated with delayed healing times but our results demonstrated quick recovery. Using 80% TCA for selective matricectomy in the ingrown toenail is an effective, quick and easy method.
Patch tests
Authors: Lazzarini Rosana , Duarte Ida , Ferreira Alessandra Lindmayer
Published: February 2014

Patch tests were introduced as a diagnostic tool in the late nineteenth century. Since then, they have improved considerably becoming what they are today. Patch tests are used in the diagnostic investigation of contact dermatitis worldwide. Batteries or series previously studied and standardized should be used in patch testing. The methodology is simple, but it requires adequate training for the results to be correctly interpreted and used. Despite having been used for over a century, it needs improvement like all other diagnostic techniques in the medical field.
Perception of brittle nails in dermatologic patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gequelim Giulio Cesar , Kubota Cynthia Yone , Sanches Sarah , Dranka Daniela , Mejia Marcelo Murilo , Sumiya Fernando Mitsuo , Schmitt Juliano Vilaverde
Published: February 2014

Brittle Nails Syndrome is characterized by fragility of the nail plate, affecting 27% of women. We evaluated dermatology patients in a cross-sectional study about perception of nail fragility. One hundred and thirtyeight women were included, with median age of 36.5 years. Nail examination showed changes in 57% and 49% reported nail fragility. The first three fingernails were the most affected. Onychoschizia was related to onychophagia (OR = 3.29), housework (OR = 2.95) and water contact (OR = 2.44). Onychorrhexis had the strongest association with nail fragility perception (OR = 17.89). The fragility was more perceived by those who were black, of mixed race and atopic, and was associated with depressed mood.
Patch test standard series recommended by the Brazilian Contact Dermatitis Study Group during the 2006-2011 period
Authors: Duarte Ida Alzira Gomes , Tanaka Greta Merie , Suzuki Nathalie Mie , Lazzarini Rosana , Lopes Andressa Sato de Aquino , Volpini Beatrice Mussio Fornazier , Castro Paulo Carrara de
Published: February 2014

A retrospective study was carried out between 2006-2011. Six hundred and eighteen patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis underwent the standard patch test series recommended by the Brazilian Contact Dermatitis Research Group. The aim of our study was to evaluate the variation of positive patch-test results from standard series year by year. The most frequently positive allergens were: nickel sulfate, thimerosal and potassium bichromate. Decrease of positive patch-test results over the years was statistically significant for: lanolin (p=0.01), neomycin (p=0.01) and anthraquinone (p=0.04). A follow-up study should be useful in determining which allergens could be excluded from standard series, as they may represent low sensitization risk.
Bullous pemphigoid in a 3-month-old infant: case report and literature review of this dermatosis in childhood
Authors: Reis-Filho Eugenio Galdino de Mendonça , Silva Tainah de Almeida , Aguirre Luiza Helena de Lima , Reis Carmelia Matos Santiago
Published: February 2014

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering dermatosis that is uncommon in childhood. We report a case of a female infant, 3 months old, which presented clinical and laboratory data for the confirmatory diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. The authors used immunohistochemical staining for collagen type IV that allowed the differentiation of bullous pemphigoid from other subepidermal bullous diseases. Opportunely we review the clinical, immunological, therapeutic and prognostic features of this pathology in children.
Case for diagnosis
Authors: Franco Joanna Pimenta de Araujo , Zacaron Luciana Helena , Lima Ricardo Barbosa , D'Acri Antônio Macedo , Martins Carlos José
Published: February 2014

The chondroid syringoma is a rare benign tumor, also called mixed cutaneous tumor by the presence of epithelial and mesenchymal components, consisting of sweat elements in cartilaginous, collagenous, myxoid or osseous stroma, among others. It mainly affects middle-aged men and is characterized by asymptomatic and slowgrowing, dermal or subcutaneous nodules. The most common locations are the head and neck. It is rare on the extremities. There are reports of malignant variants predominantly in women, located on the extremities. We report a case of a female patient with a lesion on the toe, with excellent outcome after surgical treatment.
Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome with deforming lipomatous hamartomas in infant - Case report
Authors: Gontijo Gabriela Maria Abreu , Pinto Clóvis Antonio Lopes , Rogatto Silvia Regina , Cunha Isabela Werneck da , Aguiar Junior Samuel , Alves Célia Antônia Xavier de Moraes
Published: February 2014

Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome is a rare condition caused by mutations in the PTEN gene. It displays association of multiple lipomas, macrocephaly, hemangiomas, hamartomatous intestinal polyposis, developmental delay and speckled pigmented maculae on the male genitalia. We report the case of a nine-month-old boy who had fast growing and progressive tumors for three months, macrocephaly and lentigines on the penis. Imaging tests showed extensive lipomatosis with invasion of paraspinal muscles, enlargement of the spinal canal and spinal cord compression; after surgical excision of the mass, the pathology was consistent with lipoma. Adipocyte culture karyotype demonstrated PTEN mutation. We present this case for its rarity and exuberance.
Case for diagnosis
Authors: Lage Thaiane Lima , Miranda Mario Fernando Ribeiro de , Bittencourt Maraya de Jesus Semblano , Dias Carolina Moraes , Parijós Amanda Magno de , Raiol Theisla Kely Azevedo
Published: February 2014

Granular cell tumor is a rare benign neoplasm of neural origin. We report the case of a female patient, 27 years old presenting a brown-red nodule in the right arm, which pathological examination showed to be formed by polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and immunohistochemistry positive for S100 protein and CD68. Granular cell tumor is usually solitary and in half the cases located in the head and neck areas, 30% of these in the tongue. It is most frequent between the third and fifth decades of life in women and people of African-American ethnicity. Its origination is controversial, including the possible origins in muscle, fibroblasts, neural crest, neural sheath or histiocytes. The positivity for S-100 and CD68 suggest the neural origin.
Generalized Lichen Nitidus in a boy with Niemann-Pick disease type B
Authors: Teixeira Vera Barreto , Coutinho Inês , Cardoso José Carlos , Tellhechea Óscar
Published: February 2014

Generalized lichen nitidus is an uncommon chronic inflammatory dermatosis with very characteristic histological findings. Its pathogenesis is still unclear; very rarely it has been associated with genetic disorders. Herein we report the case of a 12-year-old boy with Niemann-Pick disease who developed generalized lichen nitidus.
De Sanctis-Cacchione Syndrome in a female infant - Case report
Authors: Caldas Amadeus Lima Rocha , Rodrigues Mecciene Mendes
Published: February 2014

The De Sanctis-Cacchione Syndrome is the rarest and most severe kind of xeroderma pigmentosum, characterized by microcephaly, hypogonadism, neurological disorders, mental and growth retardation, with very few cases published. The clinical findings compatible with De Sanctis-Cacchione Syndrome and the therapeutic approach used to treat a one year and nine months old child, with previous diagnosis of xeroderma pigmentosum, are reported.
Achados bioquímicos, eletrolíticos e hormonais de cabras acometidas com toxemia da prenhez
Authors: Souto Rodolfo J.C. , Afonso José Augusto B. , Mendonça Carla L. , Carvalho Cleyton C.D. , Silva Filho Alonso P. , Cajueiro Jobson F.P. , Lima Elizabeth H.F. , Soares Pierre C.
Published: February 2014

A abrangência dos estudos sobre a toxemia da prenhez (TP) tem sido constante e inovadora em alguns conceitos, porém o estudo dos casos clínicos naturais em cabras é inexistente no Brasil. Diante disso, realizou-se análise das alterações clínicas, do perfil bioquímico, eletrolítico e hormonal com o objetivo de compreender a fisiopatogenia da enfermidade. Foram avaliadas 22 cabras atendidas na Clínica de Bovinos, Campus Garanhuns/UFRPE, diagnosticadas com TP, no período de 2007 a 2012. Realizou-se exame clínico e coleta de sangue e urina, para análise do perfil bioquímico e hormonal. Acentuadas alterações clínicas foram observadas, como decúbito, apatia, dispneia, aumento da temperatura corpórea, mucosas congestas, vasos episclerais injetados, desidratação, anorexia, hipomotilidade ou atonia ruminal, edema nos membros. Os resultados laboratoriais revelaram valores elevados para ureia, creatinina, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE), β-hidroxibutirato, amilase e cortisol, enquanto as variáveis: proteína total, albumina, cálcio total, cálcio ionizado, fósforo, a relação cálcio e fósforo, sódio e insulina encontraram-se diminuídos. Outros parâmetros bioquímicos e eletrolíticos, como frutosamina, globulina, cloro, potássio e magnésio mantiveram-se dentro da faixa de normalidade. Quanto a glicemia, foram constatados três condições nas cabras com TP, normoglicêmicas (50%), hiperglicêmicas (27,28%) e hipoglicêmicas (22,72%). Dos 17 (77,27%) animais que obtiveram alta 10 (58,82%) eram normoglicêmicos. Vieram a óbito 22,8 % (5/22), no qual 60% (3/5) delas estavam hiperglicêmicas. A média de nascimento por cabra foi superior a duas crias. Verificou-se existir associação fortemente positiva dos AGNE's com a albumina (r=0,60), fraca com o β-hidroxibutirato (r=0,10) e glicose (r=0,03). Porém, existiu relação fortemente negativa dos AGNE's com a insulina (r= -0,70), moderada com o cortisol (r= -0,52) e amilase (r= -0,30). Marcadas alterações clínicas e metabólicas são observadas em cabras com TP, em que o aumento de certos metabólitos do perfil energético e hormonal se torna importante ferramenta para o diagnóstico e constitui um bom instrumento para avaliar a magnitude da condição clínica dos animais enfermos. Os dados encontrados servem de referência para estudos sobre nutrição e metabolismo em cabras com TP.
Características e frequência das doenças de suínos na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Brum Juliana S. , Konradt Guilherme , Bazzi Talissa , Fighera Rafael A. , Kommers Glaucia D. , Irigoyen Luiz F. , Barros Claudio S.L.
Published: February 2014

Visando-se determinar as características e frequência das doenças na população suína na região de abrangência do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de todos os diagnósticos de necropsias realizadas nesta espécie no período de 1964 a 2011. Foram separados 564 casos com diagnósticos conclusivos. A criação suína na região de abrangência do estudo é predominantemente familiar e as doenças diagnosticadas, refletem esta realidade. As doenças infecciosas e parasitárias foram as mais prevalentes [380(68,1%)], seguidas, em ordem decrescente, das doenças metabólicas e nutricionais [64(11,5%)], intoxicações e toxi-infecções [33(5,9%)], e distúrbios do desenvolvimento [15(2,7%)]. Outras alterações de diversas etiologias, sobretudo de trauma, foram causa de morte em pouco mais de 11% dos protocolos examinados. Doenças bacterianas foram responsáveis por mais da metade das causas de morte ou razão para eutanásia dos suínos estudados, revelando a influência de fatores de manejo, ambientais e nutricionais regional de criação de suínos. A principal doença diagnosticada em suínos na região de abrangência do estudo foi a doença do edema e juntamente com outras formas de infecção por Escherichia coli é responsável por 23% das mortes. Doenças de etiologia viral e neoplasia não são importantes causas de morte em suínos na região estudada. Hepatose nutricional e aflatoxicose são importantes doenças da região e se devem, sobretudo, a fatores de manejo nutricional.
Nem tudo que parece ser, é lesão: aspectos anatômicos, não lesões, artefatos, lesões sem significado clínico e alterações post mortem encontrados na necropsia de suínos domésticos e selvagens (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Rech Raquel R. , Silva Marcia C. da , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Marques Mariana G. , Pescador Caroline A. , Silva Gustavo S. , Dutra Maurício C. , Brum Juliana S. , Kramer Beatris , Bordin Luiz C. , Silva Virginia S.
Published: February 2014

A interpretação das alterações encontradas na necropsia é uma etapa importante para o sucesso do diagnóstico final. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever e ilustrar os aspectos anatômicos, não lesões, artefatos, lesões sem significado clínico e alterações post mortem encontradas em suínos domésticos e selvagens. Além disso, também se recomenda técnicas de colheita de tecidos para o diagnóstico de doenças que acometem essa espécie. Os principais aspectos anatômicos e não lesões descritos são fímbrias linguais, quadrilátero esofágico, toro pilórico e demarcação do padrão lobular do fígado (sistema gastrintestinal); tonsilas do palato mole, tecido linfoide associado ao estômago, placas de Peyer do intestino delgado e dobras da margem do baço (sistema hematopoiético); mediastino proeminente do testículo e aréolas da placenta (sistema reprodutor); atelectasia pulmonar e apêndice decidual (feto); e glândulas carpais (sistema tegumentar). Os artefatos de eutanásia abordados são petéquias na superfície do pulmão e rim, falsa anemia por sangria, hemorragia subdural por concussão cerebral, pseudo-infartos do baço e aspecto cerebriforme do intestino delgado. As lesões de pouco significado clínico descritas são cistos renais, linfonodos com pigmento de ferro, papilomas e hemangiomas no escroto, ossos no mesentério e hiperemia da mucosa gástrica. As alterações post mortem comumente encontradas são livor mortis, músculos pálidos, pseudomelanose e líquido serosanguinolento nas cavidades torácica e abdominal em fetos.
Anatomia da cavidade bucofaringeana de Sorubim trigonocephalus (Siluriformes, Osteichthyes)
Authors: Schuingues Cristiano de Oliveira , Lima Mendelson Guerreiro de , Lima Ana Rita , Martins Daniele dos Santos , Costa Gerlane de Medeiros
Published: February 2014

Sorubim trigonocephalus Miranda et Ribeiro, 1920 conhecido popularmente como chinelo, é uma espécie migratória, de importância econômica. Bastante apreciado na gastronomia por apresentar sabor agradável e sem ossos intermusculares (espinhos). Os exemplares foram coletados em um trecho no Rio Teles Pires, localizado no município de Alta Floresta/MT. Anestesiados e sacrificados em solução aquosa de benzocaína, fixados com solução de formoldeído a 10%, transferidos para o Laboratório de Anatomia Animal/Unemat para descrição das características da cavidade bucofaringeana. Esta espécie apresentou uma pré-maxila bem desenvolvida e cabeça achatada dorsoventralmente, boca localizada na porção ventral média da cabeça, com fenda bucal ampla. Os lábios superiores apresentaram pigmentação cinza escuro com pequenas áreas claras, sendo mais largos que os inferiores e não apresentaram pigmentação. Foram identificadas quatro regiões dentígeras na porção anterior da cavidade bucal e duas na região da faringe, todas com dentes viliformes. A porção posterior da cavidade bucal era limitada lateralmente por quatro pares de arcos branquiais que decresciam em tamanho do primeiro ao último par, crânio-caudal, formados por dois ramos: o superior, mais curto, e o inferior, mais longo. A cavidade bucofaringeana de S. trigonocephalus se mostrou semelhante à de outros teleósteos descritos na literatura, estando adaptado ao hábito alimentar com dieta carnívoro-ictiofágica e diferindo apenas pela ausência de língua estrutural com pré maxila bem desenvolvida apresentando dentes viliformes.
Anatomia comparativa da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus
Authors: Pereira Kleber F. , Menezes Vanessa A. , Araújo Eugênio G. de
Published: February 2014

O Sapajus libidinosus é um primata do novo mundo popularmente conhecido como macaco-prego, geograficamente distribuído por todo território sul-americano, possui características de inquietude e habilidade de manipulação de ferramentas para a obtenção de alimentos. Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever a morfologia dos seios da dura-máter de Sapajus libidinosus numa perspectiva comparativa. Foram utilizados um total de 3 animais adultos e machos oriundos da Universidade Federal de Goiás e fixados em solução aquosa de formaldeído 10%. No encéfalo de S. libidinosus, foi possível observar a fissura longitudinal, profunda e que divide o mesmo em dois hemisférios, esquerdo e direito. O lobo parietal e frontal apresenta-se relativamente lisoencefálico, mas com giros e sulcos bem definidos e no lobo occipital nota-se a predominância do aspecto lisencefálico. Nota-se a presença de 8 seios da dura-máter, que corresponde de modo geral às descrições para outros primatas como Pan, Papio e homem. Notamos a presença dos seios sagital dorsal, seio sagital ventral, seio transverso, seio reto, seio sigmóide, seio temporal e seio basilar, que são semelhantes a Pan, Papio e homem, a presença do seio parietal semelhante à Saimiri sciureus e a ausência do seio occipital, assim como em Macaca mullata. No macaco prego não foram observados os seios intracavernosos, seio esfenoparietal, seio petroso superior, seio petroso inferior, sendo estes descritos em Pan, Papio e Homem. Sendo assim, estes dados demonstram uma possível maior proximidade evolutiva entre Papio e Pan em relação ao homem do que o macaco Sapajus.
O olho da coruja-orelhuda: observações morfológicas, biométricas e valores de referência para testes de diagnóstico oftálmico
Authors: Rodarte-Almeida Ana C.V. , Machado Marcello , Baldotto Suelen B. , Santos Luciane Leigue dos , Lima Leandro , Lange Rogério R. , Froes Tilde R. , Montiani-Ferreira Fabiano
Published: February 2014

Objetivou-se relatar características morfológicas do bulbo ocular e determinar valores de referência para testes oftálmicos selecionados em corujas-orelhudas (Asio clamator). Foram estudados 32 olhos de 16 corujas (Asio clamator), adultas e jovens, machos e fêmeas, de vida livre. Sendo compilados dados referentes a observações morfológicas do crânio, bulbo ocular e anexos, além de mensuração de testes oftálmicos, incluindo, Teste Lacrimal de Schirmer (TLS), cultura da microbiota normal da conjuntiva, estesiometria, pressão intraocular (PIO), espessura de córnea central (ECC), diâmetro horizontal da rima palpebral, diâmetro horizontal da córnea e oftalmoscopia indireta. Vinte e dois tipos de bactérias foram identificados em 12 corujas havendo predominância de microrganismos Gram-positivos. A média encontrada para o TLS foi de 5,03±3,28mm/min, para o diâmetro horizontal da rima palpebral em 16 corujas foi 21,24±1,17mm, e 15,7±2,74mm para o diâmetro horizontal da córnea. O valor médio para o teste de estesiometria foi de 0,80±0,59cm, a PIO média de 13,81±5,62mmHg e ECC média de 0,28±0,03cm. O estudo contribuiu para a caracterização da morfologia ocular e para o estabelecimento de valores de referências de testes diagnósticos oftálmicos em corujas-orelhudas, sendo necessário ainda o desenvolvimento de estudos complementares sobre histologia ocular desta espécie.
Oficinas educativas sobre HIV/Aids: uma proposta de intervenção para idosos
Authors: Lazzarotto Alexandre Ramos , Santos Vinicius Souza dos , Reichert Marina Thiara , Quevedo Daniela Müller de , Fossatti Paulo , Santos Geraldine Alves dos , Calvetti Prisla Ücker , Sprinz Eduardo
Published: February 2014

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de uma oficina educativa sobre HIV/aids em um grupo de idosos. A população incluiu 471 indivíduos entre 60 e 91 anos composta principalmente por mulheres (83,1%). Procedeu-se a aplicação e reaplicação de um questionário organizado em cinco domínios, antes e após as oficinas. O teste de McNemar foi utilizado para comparar as respostas pré e pós-oficina (p<0,05) no programa estatístico STATA 12. Dentre os domínios, a maior variação (202,72%) ocorreu no domínio "conceito" sobre a fase assintomática da infecção. No domínio "transmissão", a variação foi de 168,53% para a transmissão do HIV por picada de mosquito. No domínio "prevenção", na questão sobre existência do preservativo feminino, a variação foi de 44%. O domínio "vulnerabilidade" indicou 34,93% na questão da aids relacionada a grupos específicos. No domínio "tratamento", a abordagem da cura para a aids obteve 50,85% de variação. A realização das oficinas demonstrou ser uma intervenção eficaz nos domínios "conceito", "transmissão", "prevenção", "vulnerabilidade" e "tratamento" nos idosos participantes da pesquisa.
Glufosinate Safety in WideStrike® Acala Cotton
Authors: Wright Steven D. , Shrestha Anil , Hutmacher Robert B. , Banuelos Gerardo , Hutmacher Kelly A. , Rios Sonia I. , Dennis Michelle , Wilson Katherine A. , Avila Sara J.
Published: February 2014

WideStrike® Acala cotton is a two-gene, in-plant trait that provides broad-spectrum and season-long control of lepidopteran insect pests, and the varieties available in California also have resistance to glyphosate. There have been indications that WideStrike cotton has some glufosinate tolerance as well, so the level of tolerance to glufosinate needed to be ascertained. A 2-yr (2008 and 2009) study was conducted in California to evaluate the potential crop injury caused by three different rates (0.59, 0.88, and 1.76 kg ai ha−1) of glufosinate–ammonium at four different growth stages (cotyledon, 2-node, 5- to 6-node, and 18- to 19-node stages) of WideStrike Acala cotton. The effects of these treatments on the cotton plants and yield were closely monitored. Glyphosate at 1.54 kg ae ha−1 was applied at all cotton growth stages as a standard application, and a nontreated control was included. The greatest level of injury (58%) was observed with the highest rate of glufosinate applied at both the cotyledon and the two-node stage of cotton. However, injury was less than 10% following glufosinate at 0.59 kg ha−1 applied at the 18- to 19-node stage. The level of injury increased with the higher application rate of glufosinate at all crop growth stages. In 2008 and 2009, the glufosinate treatments had no effect on cotton lint yield. Therefore, the study showed that glufosinate can be applied safely topically at 0.59 kg ha−1 at the cotyledon- to 2-node stage or as POST-directed spray between the 5- to 19-node stages. Although injury occurred at this rate, the plants recovered within 2 to 3 wk of the treatment. Increasing glufosinate rates beyond 0.59 kg ha−1 can increase the possibility of greater crop injury.
Dissipation and Leaching of Pyroxasulfone andS-Metolachlor
Authors: Westra Eric P. , Shaner Dale L. , Westra Philip H. , Chapman Phillip L.
Published: February 2014

Pyroxasulfone dissipation and mobility in the soil was evaluated and compared toS-metolachlor in 2009 and 2010 at two field sites in northern Colorado, on a Nunn fine clay loam, and Olney fine sandy loam soil. Pyroxasulfone dissipation half-life (DT50) values varied from 47 to 134 d, and those ofS-metolachlor ranged from 39 to 63 d. Between years, herbicide DT50values were similar under the Nunn fine clay loam soil. Under the Olney fine sandy loam soil, dissipation in 2009 was minimal under dry soil conditions. In 2010, under the Olney fine sandy loam soil,S-metolachlor and pyroxasulfone had half-lives of 39 and 47 d, respectively, but dissipation rates appeared to be influenced by movement of herbicides below 30 cm. Herbicide mobility was dependent on site-year conditions, in all site-years pyroxasulfone moved further downward in the soil profile compared toS-metolachlor.
Growth Stage Affects Response of Selected Weed Species to Flaming
Authors: Knezevic Stevan Z. , Stepanovic Strahinja , Datta Avishek
Published: February 2014

Propane flaming could be an alternative tool for PRE control or suppression of early-emerging weeds in organic and conventional crops. The objective of this study was to test the tolerance of selected early-season weeds to broadcast flaming in no-till systems. Four winter annuals (tansy mustard, henbit, cutleaf evening primrose, and field pennycress), one summer annual (common lambsquarters), and one perennial (dandelion) species were included in the study. Except for dandelion, the response to propane flaming was evaluated at two growth stages. Flaming treatments were applied using an all-terrain-vehicle-mounted flamer moving 4.8 km h−1, and propane pressure was adjusted to deliver doses of 0 (nonflamed control), 22, 34, 48, 67, and 90 kg ha−1. The response of each species to propane doses was described by log-logistic models based on visual ratings of weed control and dry matter reduction. Response to broadcast flaming varied among species and growth stages. Common lambsquarters, tansy mustard, and henbit were more susceptible to flaming than cutleaf evening primrose, field pennycress, and dandelion. On the basis of visual ratings, propane doses between 54 and 62 kg ha−1 effectively controlled (90% control) common lambsquarters at the early growth stage (five-leaf), tansy mustard at both growth stages (nine-leaf and flowering), and henbit (flowering). However, a higher propane dose (> 80 kg ha−1) was necessary to obtain 90% control of common lambsquarters in later growth stage (11-leaf) and early growth stage of henbit (nine-leaf). Cutleaf evening primrose, field pennycress, and dandelion exhibited higher levels of tolerance to broadcast flaming. A 90% control of these species was not achieved even with the highest propane dose (90 kg ha−1) utilized in the study. Results of this study indicate that a single application of broadcast flaming can be an effective tool for controlling tansy mustard, henbit, and common lambsquarters and temporary suppression of cutleaf evening primrose, field pennycress, and dandelion.
Program Approaches to Control Herbicide-Resistant Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Midsouthern United States Rice
Authors: Wilson Michael J. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Scott Robert C. , Gbur Edward E.
Published: February 2014

The goal of this research was to develop herbicide programs for controlling acetolactate synthase (ALS)–, propanil-, quinclorac-, and clomazone-resistant barnyardgrass. Two applications of imazethapyr alone at 70 g ai ha−1failed to control the ALS-resistant biotype more than 36%; however, when imazethapyr at 70 g ha−1was applied early POST (EPOST) followed by imazethapyr at 70 g ha−1plus fenoxaprop at 120 g ai ha−1immediately prior to flooding (PREFLD), barnyardgrass control improved to 78% at 10 wk after planting. When imazethapyr was applied twice following PRE or delayed PRE applications of clomazone at 336 g ai ha−1, quinclorac at 560 g ai ha−1, pendimethalin at 1,120 g ai ha−1, or thiobencarb at 4,480 g ai ha−1control was 92 to 100%. A single-pass program consisting of a delayed PRE application of clomazone at 336 g ha−1plus quinclorac at 560 g ha−1plus pendimethalin at 1,120 g ha−1plus thiobencarb at 4,480 g ha−1controlled all herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass biotypes at the same level as a standard multiple application program.