bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Characteristics and Health Problems of International Tourists who Visited Sanglah General Hospital between 2017 and 2019
Authors: Utama I Made Susila , Purnamasidhi Cokorda Agung Wahyu , Sukmawati Ni Made Dewi Dian , Gayatri Anak Agung Ayu Yuli , Somia I Ketut Agus , Merati Tuti Parwati , Dwipayana Gede Arya , Janardhana Gus De
Published: August 2022

Travel Medicine is one branch of medicine which specializes in preventing and treating medical problems for travelers especially when they are traveling. It is undeniable that there are differences in medical knowledge between developing and developed countries when dealing with traveler’s health problems. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the characteristics and health problems of travelers who visited Sanglah General Hospital between 2017 and 2019. This is a descriptive study which used consecutive sampling in every medical record of the patients to study their health problems. Every medical record recorded the name, age, sex,  health insurance, inpatient or outpatient, and diagnosis of the patients. As many as 618 subjects’ medical record number was conducted at first with dominantly men (55.2%) and women (44.8%). The mean age of this study was 42,76 years old with the eldest age being 92 years old and the youngest being 18 years old. As many as 328 subjects (53.1%) of this study did not use health insurance and only 290 subjects (46.9%) used health insurance. The number of outpatients, which was 564 subjects (91.3%), was much more than the number of inpatients in this study. Frequent health problems that subjects suffered were malignancy (solid and hematologic) 116  subjects (18.7%), kidney problem 107 subjects (17.3%), and accident (wounds, fracture and head trauma) 44 subjects (7.1%). Descriptive study among travelers is not usually done in our hospital and this is an elementary study so that in the future there will be more study for travelers.Keywords: Travel medicine; Travel; Tourism.
Perfil dos enfermeiros que atuam nas Unidades de Saúde da Família e a qualidade da assistência prestada
Authors: Pontes Alice Fonseca , Estelita Rafaela Ribeiro de Oliveira , Sousa Giovanna Barreto de , Paixão Talita Bianca Lima da , Santos Amanda Monteiro dos , Gomes Júnior Alan de Oliveira , Araújo Sanmyra Lopes , Lima Maria Eduarda Ximenes do Rego , Rodrigues Natália Almeida , Andrade Ângela Roberta Lessa de
Published: August 2022

O presente estudo é de cunho quantitativo realizado com enfermeiros que cuidam de Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF), no município de Olinda, Pernambuco, Brasil. Esse trabalho  tem como objetivo verificar o perfil dos enfermeiros  e a qualidade da assistência prestada por eles. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário semiestruturado, onde na análise constatou-se que todos os enfermeiros entrevistados estavam na faixa etária de 20 a 40 anos; a maior parte desses profissionais eram mulheres, casadas, e tinham mais de 3 anos de atuação na assistência de enfermagem. Ademais, a maioria não possui pós-graduação no Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF), e dizem não ter segurança na realização dos procedimentos, e acreditam que a estratégia do PSF é bem desenhada, mas mal implementada. O presente estudo permitiu conhecer melhor o perfil desse tipo de profissional e a qualidade do trabalho que prestam nas equipes de saúde da família.
Racionalismo Crítico: Karl Popper e suas contribuições ao debate epistemológico
Authors: Gonçalves Marco Aurélio Clemente , Adúriz-Bravo Agustín
Published: August 2022

A compreensão de que a epistemología deve ser considerada uma das principais ferramentas visando a formação de profesores(as) dotados de características holistas, desde um ponto de vista técnico, já está consolidada há bom tempo, quer seja no ámbito da formação inicial ou continuada. O principal objetivo deste artigo é chamar atenção dos diversos atores pertencentes a este campo de estudo para a contribuição de Karl Popper e da corrente racionalista ao debate epistemológico, em verdade, inicia-se aquí uma serie de artigos a respeito que, posteriormente, tratará de otras correntes da filosofía da ciencia. Com a finalidade de contribuir neste aspecto, o presente artigo procura detalhar algunas características do trabalho do filósofo austríaco para além da contextualização que o situa históricamente, tais como: a demarcação da Ciencia; o conhecimento humano e a dedução e; o conceito de verossimilhança. O caminho metodológico eleito abarca severa revisão bibliográfica, baseada em manuais introdutórios de filosofía da ciencia, bem como, textos clássicos e artigos recentes e de alto impacto na referida área. Como conclusão espera-se colocar em evidencia a necessidade de um debate epistemológico coerente e consciente no ámbito da formação de profesores com propostas paupáveis e explícitas no projeto pedagógico dos cursos de formação.
Fungos filamentosos crescidos em resíduos agroindústrias para uso em aplicações biotecnológicas
Authors: Florêncio Ninive Bezerra , Silva Pérsio Alexandre da , Melo Erik Jonne Vieira de , Santos Gleyka Daísa de Melo , Gusmão Norma Buarque de
Published: August 2022

Em todo o mundo são produzidos, diariamente, muitos resíduos agroindustriais provenientes de diferentes tipos de processos industriais. Ressaltando aqueles realizados por indústrias de polpas e sucos que descartam a maior parte do peso total das frutas (cascas e sementes). Esses resíduos contêm grandes quantidades de nutrientes, como açúcares, minerais e proteínas, que podem ser biotransformados em moléculas de interesse tecnológico através da aplicação de processos biotecnológicos. Dentre eles, os processos fermentativos com fungos filamentosos vêm como alternativa promissora, pois esses microrganismos são relatados como grandes produtores de metabólitos secundários com aplicação médica e farmacêutica. Como, por exemplo, os biocorantes que são substâncias que proporcionam cor e podem agregar atividade biológica aos produtos, como ação antioxidante e antimicrobiana. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão narrativa sobre o potencial uso de diferentes tipos de resíduos agroindustriais como substratos nutritivos para crescimento fúngico e a produção industrial de seus metabólitos bioativos.
Abordagem Pedagógica na formação em Odontologia sob a percepção discente
Authors: Lima Thayana Maria Navarro Ribeiro de , Barboza Amanda Raquel Guedes , Galvão Maria Helena Rodrigues , Pessoa Talitha Rodrigues Ribeiro Fernandes
Published: August 2022

Objetivou-se identificar a opinião discente sobre as formas de abordagem pedagógica vivenciadas em um curso de Odontologia de uma universidade pública do Nordeste brasileiro. Além disso, buscou-se obter as percepções dos graduandos sobre práticas de desenvolvimento docente, cenários de aprendizagem, integração curricular, experiências nos processos avaliativos, possibilidades de flexibilização curricular e estratégias de articulação entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa por meio de aplicação de entrevista mediante roteiro semiestruturado baseado em instrumento validado com enfoque na dimensão Abordagem Pedagógica. Os dados referentes a 13 discentes foram coletados, transcritos e analisados no semestre letivo da pesquisa. Os participantes foram selecionados aleatoriamente sendo estes vinculados a, pelo menos, um dos dez semestres do curso de graduação. Observou-se que as metodologias tradicionais ainda são preponderantes no curso e o docente é associado ao papel de transmissor do conhecimento. Descreveu-se a necessidade de superação de alguns desafios para integração curricular de conteúdos e de componentes curriculares nos currículos vigentes. O uso de avaliações tradicionais destaca-se bastante. Foram evidenciadas como fundamentais as modificações na disposição da carga horária e uma melhor gestão dos horários acadêmicos. Apesar de entenderem a importância da articulação entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão, não expressaram haver uma integração entre esses três ramos. A resolução dos aspectos negativos associada ao aprimoramento das condições positivas existentes pode contribuir para uma formação odontológica mais aplicável à realidade.
Eco-friendly production of thermostable, halotolerant and pH wide range biosurfactant by Issatchenkia orientalis UCP 1603
Authors: Fonseca Tainã Crisia de Souza , Rodriguez Dayana Montero , Mendonça Rafael de Souza , Ferreira Isabela Natália da Silva , Costa Luiz Oliveira , Campos-Takaki Galba Maria
Published: August 2022

Microbial surfactants are amphiphilic molecules with attractive industrial prospects due to their advantages over commonly commercialized chemical surfactants, such as low toxicity, high biocompatibility and biodegradability, and efficiency at extreme conditions. However, the large-scale production of biosurfactants still becomes uncompetitive due to the low yields and onerous costs, being considered the use of renewable substrates as a viable strategy. In this sense, the present study aimed to investigate the sustainable production of biosurfactant by the yeast Issatchenkia orientalis UCP 1603 in 2 L of salt-based medium supplemented with 7.5% cassava wastewater, 5% corn steep liquor and 1% post-frying soybean oil. Fermentation was carried out in 2.8 L-Fernbach flasks for 72 h, at 28°C and 150 rpm, and reduction in surface tension to 30.1 mN/m was verified. The highest yield of the biosurfactant produced (4.02 g/L) was observed after extraction with 70% ethanol (2:1, v/v) and the isolated biosurfactant reduced the surface tension of the medium to 28.7 mN/m, the interfacial tension against n-hexadecane to 16.6 mN/m and has a CMC of 800 mg/L. The biocompound showed anionic and polymeric nature and did not present toxicity against cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) seeds. The stability in the range of pH 4-10, salinity 5-25% and temperature 5-100°C, evidenced a highly stable biosurfactant, with promising potential of application in several industrial activities or environmental processes in adverse conditions.
Amphipod choice for seaweeds under predator cues: interactions on decision-making behavior
Authors: Fernandes FO , Barbosa-Silva MS , Resende JFJ , Carneiro MAA , Longo GO , Marinho-Soriano E
Published: August 2022

Marine herbivores may alter their behavior regarding habitat and food source choice according to the presence or absence of chemical cues from predators. To assess whether an amphipod species can detect and react to different water-soluble cues, individuals of Ampithoe marcuzzii were tested through a 2-current choice flume. Dual-response choice experiments were conducted in which the animals selected water flowing from one of 2 different sources. Comparisons among sources were tested using seawater (control), water with cues from different seaweeds (Dictyopteris delicatula, Gracilaria cervicornis or Gelidium coarctatum), water with cues from potential predators (Abudefduf saxatilis, Sparisoma sp., Haemulon plumieri, H. aurolineatum and Holocentrus adscensionis) and water mixtures with seaweed and predator cues. The amphipods were able to avoid predator cues and to distinguish and actively choose between the water-soluble cues of different seaweeds. The animals preferred D. delicatula cues over those of G. cervicornis and G. coarctatum. The amphipods also selected more G. cervicornis cues than those of G. coarctatum. When predator cues were mixed with D. delicatula cues, amphipods changed their initial choice for G. cervicornis. However, when predator cues were added to G. cervicornis, the animals maintained their preference for this seaweed’s cues over those of G. coarctatum. Our findings demonstrate that A. marcuzzii exhibits a preference for brown seaweeds that draw fewer predators. The choice of seaweed changes according to predation risk perception based on water-soluble chemical cues. This ability to distinguish water-soluble chemical cues and base their habitat decisions on them is a fundamental adaptive behavior for this group.
MAKNA SIMBOLIS TRADISI SEDEKAH LAUT LONGKANGAN DI PANTAI BLADO KECAMATAN MUNJUNGAN, KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Authors: Palanjuta Nandiata Ayu , Ruja I Nyoman
Published: August 2022

Sedekah Laut (Coastal Thanksgiving) is a tradition inherent to coastal communities or fishermen in Indonesia. The implementation of Sedekah Laut has a characteristic difference, both from ritual addressing to implementation. Although sea charity has the same purpose - as a means of giving thanks to God Almighty for the blessings that have been given-  Munjungan people also has a Sedekah Laut tradition commonly called the Longkangan traditional ceremony. This tradition is routinely held annually in the month of Dzulkaidah on the Hijri or Sela calendar on the Javanese calendar. The implementation of tradition has a procession and symbolic meaning. This research aims to describe and analyze the implementation process and the meaning of Longkangan Ceremony tradition. This research used descriptive qualitative research methods with data collection techniques consisting of observation; interview; and documentation. Triangulation technique was also used to analyze the data that has been collected to obtain the validity of data according to the theory of symbolic interactionism according to George Herbert Mead and the concept of customary ceremonies according to Koentjaningrat. The results of study are the stages of Longkangan traditional ceremonies held twice in one day, the procession of Labuh Laut by Tumpeng Agung in the morning followed by officials and the Muspika (District-Level Executive Conference) as the patron of Munjungan District and the core ceremony at night followed by guests Breng Kidul. Each stage of this tradition procession also has a specific symbolic meaning. Hopefully, the historical manuscript of Longkangan traditional ceremonies can be recorded and can be studied by the younger generation, especially the Munjungan community.
THE VALUE OF CHARACTER EDUCATION IN MEKONGGA FOLKLORE IN KOLAKA, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Authors: Jers La Ode Topo , Suraya Rahmat Sewa , Alias Alias , Ashmarita Ashmarita , Takasi La Ode Muhammad Ruspan , Kurniawan Rudy
Published: August 2022

The socio-cultural situation of the Mekongga people in Kolaka is known to have a lot of oral literature, one of them called folklore. The importance of strengthening character education in Mekongga community is carried out through the use of local folklore as a basis for inculcating moral values. Scientific studies on the phenomenon of moral values in folklore are still scarcely carried out, especially in Mekongga folklore. To that end, this study aims to analyze and describe the moral values of the Mekongga folklore in Kolaka Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with the technique of determining the informant is a purposive sampling technique. Data collection methods in this study include the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data that has been collected is analyzed through qualitative descriptive techniques. The results of this study indicate that there are various forms of character education values contained in the mekongga folklore starting from the value of responsibility, trustworthiness, honesty, patience, love, courage, caring, humility, wisdom, courtesy, and trust. The values of character education are used in forming a wise and humane person, moreover, as an effort to realize harmonization, harmony, and unity in social life in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi which is multicultural.
TKPKD DAN KEMISKINAN MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN
Authors: Samsul Samsul , Peribadi Peribadi , Arsyad Muhammad , Tanzil Tanzil , Juhaepa Juhaepa
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the existence of the Regional Poverty Reduction Coordination Team (TKPKD) as a structural institution that greatly determines the success and failure of the Poverty Reduction Program (Pronangkis), especially those that arise in rural areas. For this reason, this research is directed at efforts to re-functionalize the TKPKD as a structural institution through a qualitative approach with a case study core. The results of the study show that several cases of very worrying poverty are experienced by rural communities in the South Konawe Regency Government area as a result of the dysfunctionalization of the TKPKD. Among them are the socio-economic portrait of stone-breaking women in Wawatu Village, Moramo District, the existence of homeless peasants in Mowila Village, Mowila District, marginalization of shifting cultivators in the wilderness of Wolasi District and the cries of fishermen on the coast with their various problems. Moving on from the narrative of rural community life, an institutional model is designed that can be used by local governments to activate TKPKD institutions to solve various problems of rural community life.
The University as an Ecological Territory of the Incoming Student: virtual inclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bueno Maria Angélica de Moura , Pinto Lauren Machado , Cesar Maria Rita Assis , Gomes Júlio
Published: August 2022

The article aims to present the ecological territory as an extension project with students entering a federal public university in the south of Brazil while performing virtual workshops during the COVID-19 pandemic. The realization of virtual workshops of the IN project focused on the incoming student (IN) and provided group meetings on themes of the university scope. Thus, we intend to present the experience of developing meetings in virtual workshops in everyday life, considering ecological territory as a daily life to be known and explored by students. The ecological universe gives the university a sense of relationship in an intersectoral and participative nexus in the dynamic spheres, which is vital to academic and personal development. This descriptive and qualitative study covers 32 meetings out of 437 virtual invitations sent, reaching the voluntary participation of 62 students enrolled in the IN Virtual Workshops. Through the content analysis method, we obtained qualitative results from the field diaries in the virtual workshops regarding the sense of belonging, vulnerability, distance education, and social support network. It concludes by excluding online alternatives of contact with incoming students as a public policy of inclusion and university permanence and identifying themselves as a way of welcoming and preventing mental health.
Hesitation before the impact
Authors: Grothen Geir
Published: August 2022

This study has had a twofold ambition; to probe into the life in the museums, and to try out some concepts in a cultural policy research setting. The article does this by analysing encounters between art and visiting audiences with the use of “acontextual” analytic concepts; event instead of experience, affect rather than emotion and a broad understanding of the concept atmosphere. Furthermore, the empirical material for the analysis consists primarily of parts and elements that often are discarded or excluded in examinations. The preliminary conclusions invite to further probing into the interface between visitors and art, between the imagined world of culture and actual concrete events in spaces and settings we tend think of as cultural.
Anti-caste Memes as Cultural Archives of Resistance
Authors: Shivaprasad Madhavi , Jain Shubhangani
Published: August 2022

In this article, we make a case for looking at memes as potential digital cultural
heritage artefacts to counter hegemonic narratives around the caste system
in India. We reflect on this potentiality of memes by evaluating how three
anti-caste Facebook meme pages responded to protests against the Indian
Citizenship Amendment Act and the National Register of Citizens (CAA-NRC)
from December 2019 to March 2020. These pages simultaneously archived and
critiqued key moments of the protests as well as the anti-caste movement through
memes, playing a significant role in amplifying the voices of the Bahujans, the
marginalised caste groups in India. Focusing on the protest memes created by these
pages, we look at the contexts in which the protest memes could be considered
carriers, preservers, and transmitters of cultural knowledge. We argue that memes
could be understood as cultural heritage,not only as objects but as processes and
practices that constitute the building of cultural narratives. We illustrate how the
protest memes hold and demonstrate potential to become digital cultural heritage
as they simultaneously provided a much-needed alternative account of the way
the resistance played out on the streets as opposed to how mainstream media
portrayed them and archived and highlighted key moments of the protests and
the anti-caste movement.
The musical legacy of the 1918 Finnish Civil War on YouTube
Authors: Heimo Anne , Mustamo Aila , Rantanen Saijaleena
Published: August 2022

Conflicts such as wars, rebellions and revolutions often give rise to songs that pass on from one generation to another. This applies also to the bloody 1918 Finnish Civil War, which led to the death of nearly 37 000 people (about 1% of the population), of whom the majority 27 000 belonged to the defeated, the Reds, and affected Finnish society on every level and in long-lasting ways, some of which can still be acknowledged today. For decades after the war official and public commemoration of the war dead applied only to the winners, the Whites, whereas the Reds were forced to mourn and honour their dead in the private sphere. On both sides, songs were first a popular way of keeping up spirits and then after the war to commemorate the war. These songs were sung at funerals, parades as well as to mock the enemy. Today some of these songs as well as new ones on the topic are still popular and circulate in various versions on YouTube and other social media sites. These music videos are often remixes of original footage and photos used together with images from other sources. The most popular videos have been viewed hundreds of thousands of times. In this article, we explore the digital heritage of the 1918 Finnish Civil War by giving first an overview of the musical legacy of the war and then analyse how and why this musical legacy continues to flourish on YouTube.
Introduction
Authors: Manikowska Ewa , Pasternak Gil , Thor Tureby Malin
Published: August 2022

Digital technology rapidly permeated all aspects of human existence in the majority of the world during the early twenty-first century, concurrently reshaping social understanding of the present and interpretations of the past. Indeed, the process has reconditioned age-old social communication and expression practices, while opening up inventive spaces for information organisation, data preservation, as well as for the creation and distribution of knowledge, beliefs and cultural values. The commercialisation of the Internet in the 1990s, coupled with the simultaneous emergence of the World Wide Web, have played a particularly significant role in the development and popularisation of public digital cultures (Gere 2008: 207-224). However, relying as such on digital technology for their exposure, sustainability and expansion, digital cultures were not as conspicuous back then as they turned out to be, especially in the 2010s when social media platforms, augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI) and smart communication devices rose to prominence and became integrated across the otherwise discontinuous geographies dominated by technologically-advanced nations. Since then, it has hardly been possible not to be conscious of how digital cultures have re-energised well-established cultural memories and legacies, on the one hand, and perpetuated innovative cultural dispositions, on the other. In doing so, digital technology, and perhaps digital cultures more specifically, have adapted a set of recognised traditional identities to the social pressures and political demands of life in the twenty-first century. At the same time, they have given expression to otherwise marginalised, non-conformist, and even contentious identities.
Migrant Life Stories as Digital Heritage
Authors: Thor Tureby Malin , Johansson Jesper
Published: August 2022

Following the ambitions of international and national policy makers to digitalize the cultural heritage sector, a growing research field that deals with digitalization and cultural heritage has emerged. However, it has been argued that too much focus has been placed on technology and information policy issues and that research on how to achieve administrative effectiveness and preservation has taken precedence over studies of different actors’ engagement, participation and access to cultural heritage. Previous studies have also tended to problematize the “hows” rather than the “whys” of processes associated with digital heritage and digitalization. In addition, research has shown that collections documenting minorities and marginalized groups have been excluded from national strategies concerning the digitalization of cultural heritage. Therefore, the aim of this article is to investigate why and under what conditions digital heritage about and with migrants has been initiated, created and curated. We study the motives and the roles of different stakeholders in the digitization and patrimonialization processes of one collection containing life stories from migrants. Furthermore, in the article we understand stakeholders not only as decision makers, owners or managers, but also as any person or organization that feels affected by whatever happens to the object or piece defined as heritage. Consequently, a central element in the methodology of this research was the interviews conducted with crucial actors in relation to their engagements with the studied collection. During the interviews, we paid specific attention to the different motives of the involved stakeholders and why it was important to them that the collection was created and digitized.
Intracoronary artery retrograde thrombolysis for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with a tortuous coronary artery: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shen Mingzhi , Lu Haihui , Liao Yichao , Wang Jian , Guo Yi , Zhou Xinger , Nong Yingqiao , Fu Zhenhong , Wang Jihang , Guo Yuting , Zhao Shihao , Fan Li , Tian Jinwen
Published: August 2022

Background

How to deal with large thrombus burdens of culprit’s blood vessel remains a great challenge in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.

Case presentation

A 32-year-old Chinese man was diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Coronary angiography revealed that the distal end of a tortuous left circumflex was completely occluded by a large amount of thrombus. Cutted balloon-directed intracoronary artery retrograde thrombolysis (ICART) with urokinase led to the restoration of coronary blood flow. Because there was no obvious plaque rupture or artery stenosis in the coronary artery, it was only dilated, and no stent was implanted.

Conclusion

Cutted balloon-directed ICART can be performed effectively and safely in some STEMI patients with tortuous coronary vessels and large thrombus. (REST or named ICART ClinicalTrials.gov number, ChiCTR1900023849).
Telotristat ethyl reverses myxomatous changes in mice mitral valves
Authors: Wang Xinmei , Kuban-Johnston Danielle , Lapuerta Pablo , Lacerda Carla M. R.
Published: August 2022

Rationale

Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration is a common pathological manifestation of mitral valve regurgitation, with or without valvular prolapse. In addition to similarities between naturally occurring and serotonergic valve degeneration, an increasing body of evidence has recently suggested that serotonin signaling is a regulator of degenerative valvulopathies. Studies have found that serotonin can be synthesized locally by valvular cells and serotonin receptors in turn may be activated to promote signaling. Recently, telotristat ethyl (TE) has been introduced as a treatment for carcinoid disease, by selectively inhibiting tryptophan hydroxylase 1, the rate-limiting enzyme in peripheral serotonin synthesis. TE provides a unique tool to test inhibition of serotonin synthesis in vivo, without impacting brain serotonin, to further confirm the role of local serotonin synthesis on heart valves.

Objective

To confirm the link between serotonin and myxomatous valvular disease in vivo.

Methods and results

A hypertension-induced myxomatous mitral valve disease mouse model was employed to test the effect of TE on valvular degeneration. Circulating serotonin and local serotonin in valve tissues were tested by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. TE was administrated in two modes: (1) parallel with angiotensin II (A2); (2) post A2 treatment. Myxomatous changes were successfully recapitulated in hypertensive mice, as determined by ECM remodeling, myofibroblast transformation, and serotonin signaling activation. These changes were at least partially reversed upon TE administration.

Conclusion

This study provides the first evidence of TE as a potential therapeutic for myxomatous mitral disease, either used to prevent or reverse myxomatous degeneration.
Associations of body mass index with mortality in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients with ischemic versus non-ischemic etiology
Authors: Zeng Shan , Cai Xingming , Zheng Yuxiang , Liu Xiao , Ye Min
Published: August 2022

Background

Obesity could paradoxically improve prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF), termed the “obesity paradox.” Whether HF etiology could modify the “obesity paradox” is still controversial. In the present study, we aimed to assess the relationship between obesity and death in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with non-ischemic versus ischemic etiologies.

Methods

We analyzed 3,360 HFpEF patients from the TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist) trial. Cox regression models were used to assess the association of obesity assessed by body mass index (BMI) with short-term and long-term death risk.

Results

Overweight and obesity were associated with a lower risk of long-term all-cause death in patients with non-ischemic HFpEF, even in those with class III obesity (adjusted HR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.97). However, in the ischemic subgroup, as obesity advanced, this paradoxical relationship was gradually attenuated and disappeared in class III obesity (adjusted HR: 0.93, 95% CI 0.56–1.57). Restricted cubic spline analyses confirmed the differential relationship of baseline BMI with risk of long-term death with a BMI higher than 30 kg/m2 in non-ischemic versus ischemic HFpEF. In the short-term follow-up, the beneficial effects of overweight and obesity on survival were consistently observed in all the BMI categories, with the nadirs of all-cause death risk at class III obesity category both in non-ischemic and ischemic subgroups.

Conclusion

“Obesity paradox” was evident both in non-ischemic and ischemic HFpEF during short-term follow-up, even in those with class III obesity. However, the beneficial effect of class III obesity disappeared during long-term follow-up in ischemic HFpEF.

Clinical Trial Registration

[https://clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT00094302].
Analysis of factors influencing recovery of low permeability and strong heterogeneous gas reservoirs and establishment of prediction model
Authors: Zhao Yi , Mei Qingyan , Yin Xiaohong , Zhang Kai , Zhao Xiang , Yan Yuhan , Zhang Dongming
Published: August 2022

Jialingjiang Formation is a typical low permeability carbonate reservoir in Sichuan Basin, which is characterized by strong heterogeneity, low matrix permeability and high-water saturation. Based on seven influencing factors, such as permeability, reservoir thickness and reservoir porosity, this paper evaluates and predicts the oil recovery of Jialingjiang Formation gas reservoir by using two neural network models of multilayer perceptor and radial basis function and nonlinear surface fitting method. The results show that: 1) In the neural network prediction model, the correlation coefficient between the prediction result curve of multilayer perceptron and the original recovery curve reaches 0.88, which is higher than the radial basis function (0.81), indicating that the use of multilayer perceptron can better predict the recovery of gas reservoirs. 2) In the nonlinear curved surface fitting prediction model, the two influencing factors with the greatest linear correlation with the recovery factor, reservoir thickness and gas recovery rate, are selected to fit the prediction model, and the prediction model is obtained. According to the prediction model, the recovery factor is positively correlated with the reservoir thickness and gas recovery rate on the whole. The model can be used to estimate gas recovery from two factors: reservoir thickness and gas recovery rate.
Evaluation and obstacle degree analysis of low-carbon development level in Fujian province–based on entropy weight TOPSIS method
Authors: Xiang Kangli , Zheng Nan , Chen Jinchun , Gao Wei
Published: August 2022

With the introduction of “dual carbon” goals of “peaking its carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060" and the gradual promotion of the carbon trading market, it is the main trend to achieve low-carbon and clean development in the future. It is of great practical significance to effectively measure the low-carbon development level and conduct obstacle degree analysis. Based on this, this article aims to investigate the low-carbon development level index of Fujian province from 2006 to 2019 by using the entropy weight TOPSIS model. Then, the key influencing factors are explored by using the obstacle degree model. The results show that the low-carbon development level index of Fujian province shows a fluctuating upward trend, rising from 0.164 in 2006 to 0.803 in 2019. The environmental system has always been an important factor affecting the low-carbon development in Fujian province, with an average annual obstacle degree of 46.52%, but the impact of the other three subsystems is also gradually increasing. Green innovation, energy conservation, air pollution, economic development, and environmental governance are the top five indexes with the highest annual obstacles. Based on the previous results, this article puts forward corresponding policy recommendations, which provide theoretical support for the low-carbon development of Fujian province.
Frequency support strategy for single-Stage grid-Connected photovoltaic generation with active power reserves
Authors: Fu Xuan , Wang Xueying , Jia Qi , Wang Hongjiang
Published: August 2022

Large-scale photovoltaic (PV) generation grid connection causes lack of inertia and insufficient frequency regulation capacity of power system. To solve this problem, this study proposed the active power-frequency droop control (APFDC) and virtual inertia control (VIC) for single-stage PV generation. PV generation is able to participate in the grid frequency regulation by improving the control system of voltage source converter (VSC). The effect of control parameters on the inertia characteristic of PV generation is analyzed. On this basis, the distribution mechanism of unbalanced active power among PV generators with inertia control strategy is revealed. The simulation results indicated that PV generation can be controlled by setting the control strategy of the voltage source converter (VSC) to reduce or increase the active power; it also takes part in the frequency regulation of the system. The inertia provided by PV generation is controllable and frequency-dependent, increases with the increase in control gain, the decrease in the time constant of VIC, and the decrease in phase-locked loop (PLL) control bandwidth.
Hydrological evaluation of gridded climate datasets in a texas urban watershed using soil and water assessment tool and artificial neural network
Authors: Mei Xiaohan , Smith Patricia K. , Li Jing , Li Borui
Published: August 2022

Precipitation is a vital component of the hydrologic cycle, and successful hydrological modeling largely depends on the quality of precipitation input. Gridded precipitation datasets are gaining popularity as a convenient alternative for hydrological modeling. However, many of the gridded precipitation data have not been adequately assessed across a range of conditions. This study compared three gridded precipitation datasets, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM). This study used the conventional gauge observation as reference data and evaluated the suitability of the three sources of gridded rainfall data to drive rainfall-runoff simulations. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to create daily streamflow simulations in the Leon Creek Watershed (LCW) in San Antonio, Texas, with the TRMM, CFSR, PRISM, and gauge rainfall data used as inputs. A direct comparison of the gridded data sources showed that the TRMM data underestimates the volume of rainfall, while PRISM data most closely matches the volume of rainfall when compared to the gauge rainfall observations. The hydrological simulation results showed that the PRISM and TRMM rainfall data driven models had preferable results to the CFSR and gauge driven models, in terms of both graphical comparison and goodness-of-fit indicator values. Additionally, no significant discrepancy was found between SWAT and ANN simulation results when the same precipitation data source was used, while SWAT and ANN simulation results varied in an identical pattern when different precipitation data sources were applied.
Variation of natural selection in the Amoebozoa reveals heterogeneity across the phylogeny and adaptive evolution in diverse lineages
Authors: Wang Fang , Tekle Yonas I.
Published: August 2022

The evolution and diversity of the supergroup Amoebozoa is complex and poorly understood. The supergroup encompasses predominantly amoeboid lineages characterized by extreme diversity in phenotype, behavior and genetics. The study of natural selection, a driving force of diversification, within and among species of Amoebozoa will play a crucial role in understanding the evolution of the supergroup. In this study, we searched for traces of natural selection based on a set of highly conserved protein-coding genes in a phylogenetic framework from a broad sampling of amoebozoans. Using these genes, we estimated substitution rates and inferred patterns of selective pressure in lineages and sites with various models. We also examined the effect of selective pressure on codon usage bias and potential correlations with observed biological traits and habitat. Results showed large heterogeneity of selection across lineages of Amoebozoa, indicating potential species-specific optimization of adaptation to their diverse ecological environment. Overall, lineages in Tubulinea had undergone stronger purifying selection with higher average substitution rates compared to Discosea and Evosea. Evidence of adaptive evolution was observed in some representative lineages and in a gene (Rpl7a) within Evosea, suggesting potential innovation and beneficial mutations in these lineages. Our results revealed that members of the fast-evolving lineages, Entamoeba and Cutosea, all underwent strong purifying selection but had distinct patterns of codon usage bias. For the first time, this study revealed an overall pattern of natural selection across the phylogeny of Amoebozoa and provided significant implications on their distinctive evolutionary processes.
Spatial Variation in the Composition and Diversity of Fishes Inhabiting an Artificial Water Supply Lake, Eastern China
Authors: Guo Chao , Li Shiqi , Li Wei , Liao Chuansong , Zhang Tanglin , Liu Jiashou , Li Lin , Sun Jiaxin , Cai Xingwei , Hansen Adam G.
Published: August 2022

With the intensification of eutrophication, many artificial water supply lakes that act as a biological filter for water diverted from rivers have been built to alleviate water scarcity in Eastern China. In this study, we selected Lake Yanlong, a representative artificial water supply lake in Yancheng City, as our experimental lake to explore how the community composition of fishes changed among different habitat types and assess potential consequences for effective water treatment. From October 2015 to October 2020, we conducted quarterly surveys of fish communities and environmental factors in the Mangshe River (MR; water for lake) compared to four different water treatment zones of Lake Yanlong (PZ, the pretreatment zone with inlet from the MR; EZ, the emergent macrophyte zone; SZ, the submerged macrophyte zone; DZ, the deep purification zone with outlet to urban waterworks). A total of 16,339 individual fish belonging to 11 families and 49 species were collected. Six of the eight dominant species observed across zones were small-bodied fishes. Despite reduced fish species richness, the relative abundance and biomass of fishes tended to be higher in Lake Yanlong relative to the MR. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Simpson’s diversity index all decreased from the MR to the DZ in the following sequence: MR < PZ < EZ < SZ < DZ. Analysis of similarities and similarity percentage analysis confirmed that fish communities differed significantly among zones and Coilia ectenes, Carassius auratus, Pseudobrama simony, Hemiculter leucisculus, and Hemiculter bleekeri were the major differentiating species. Mantel’s test and redundancy analysis revealed that water depth, aquatic vegetation coverage, and phytoplankton concentrations were the major factors determining the spatial distribution of fishes when moving from the MR to the DZ of Lake Yanlong. Stocking piscivorous fish can be used as an effective measure to control the abundance of prolific small-bodied fishes in Lake Yanlong. The details backing these findings are important for understanding how the community composition of fishes among habitat types in Lake Yanlong influence water quality, and to develop suitable biomanipulation strategies for the management of fish resources and maintaining proper function of these artificial water supply lakes.
Carbon footprint and embodied carbon emission transfer network obtained using the multi–regional input–output model and social network analysis method: A case of the Hanjiang River basin, China
Authors: Zhu Kai , Liu Qicheng , Xiong Xiao , Zhang Yuan , Wang Min , Liu Hai
Published: August 2022

China is the largest carbon emitter in the world; thus, reducing carbon emissions while maintaining economic growth has become an important issue. Within the context of carbon neutrality strategies, calculation of the carbon footprint and embodied carbon transfer can help policymakers formulate reasonable carbon reduction plans. The multi–regional input–output (MRIO) model can clarify carbon flow pathways between regions, and social network analysis (SNA) can comprehensively evaluate the different positions of individual sectors. Combining these two approaches, the specific characteristics of carbon emissions in complex production and trade relationships can be analyzed. China has become the world’s top total carbon emitter, and the Hanjiang River basin (HJRB) constitutes an important economic link between the developed and less developed regions of China. Studying carbon emissions in the HJRB can provide a reference for other, similar regions and is vital for the realization of China’s carbon emission reduction targets. This paper examines the carbon footprint and embodied carbon emission transfer among three provinces and 12 sectors in the HJRB during different periods and identifies the key industries in the carbon transfer process. The results indicate that (1) the total carbon footprint in the HJRB exhibits an increasing trend. Energy-based Shaanxi Province exhibits the highest growth rate of the carbon footprint, agriculture-based Henan Province shows a decreasing trend, and consumption-based Hubei Province displays the lowest carbon footprint intensity. (2) There are differences in the carbon emission coefficient and final consumption rate among various sectors; construction, metal processing and metal and non-metallic products, processing and manufacturing of petroleum, coking, nuclear fuel, chemical products, and other services are the sectors accounting for a high proportion of emissions. (3) The more obvious the supply relationship is, the higher the flow of embodied carbon emission transfer between sectors. (4) Energy-based regions transfer large amounts of fossil energy, electricity, steel and coal resources to developed regions and simultaneously assume more of the carbon reduction pressure imposed on developed regions. (5) The key industries within the embodied carbon emission transfer network notably control the carbon emissions of other industries and can provide breakthroughs to achieve challenging carbon emission reduction targets.
Case Report: Lack of Response to Givosiran in a Case of ALAD Porphyria
Authors: Graff Erica , Anderson Karl E. , Levy Cynthia
Published: August 2022

Introduction: 5-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) porphyria (ADP) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by a profound deficiency in ALAD, the second enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway, and acute neurovisceral attacks with abdominal pain and peripheral neuropathy. Hemin infusions are often effective in treating and preventing such attacks. Givosiran was recently approved for prevention of attacks of acute hepatic porphyrias (AHPs), including ADP, but, to our knowledge, has not yet been applied in patients with this ultrarare disease.

Case Description: We update the clinical course and report new treatment outcomes of a 32-year-old man with ADP managed for many years with weekly prophylactic hemin infusions. He has developed evidence of iron overload and was more recently found to have compensated cirrhosis. The patient was started on givosiran (Givlaari™, Alnylam), a small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutic that is effective in preventing frequently recurring attacks of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), the most common type of AHP.

Discussion: No adverse effects of givosiran on the liver were observed in this patient with cirrhosis during 6 months of treatment with givosiran. The patient has continued to have recurrent attacks, with transient decreases in ALA levels only as related to treatment of his attacks with hemin. Our experience limited to one patient with ADP suggests that givosiran may not be effective in this type of acute porphyria. Since ADP may have an erythropoietic component, treatment with hydroxyurea, which was beneficial in one previous case, is planned.