bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation of a Young Athlete With Extension-Based Low Back Pain Addressing Motor-Control Impairments and Central Sensitization
Authors: Winslow John J. , Jackson Mark , Getzin Andrew , Costello Michael
Published: January 2018

Objective: 

To describe the conservative management of a young athlete with extension-based (EB) low back pain (LBP).

Background: 

We present the case of a 15-year-old female high school gymnast with a 4-year history of EB LBP. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a healed spondylolysis and significant atrophy with fatty infiltrate of the lumbar multifidi muscles (LMM). She had several courses of outpatient orthopaedic rehabilitation that focused on core muscle strengthening (improving activation and strength of the LMM and transversus abdominus muscle in a neutral pelvic position) without long-lasting improvement. She was unable to tolerate higher levels of training or compete.

Differential Diagnosis: 

The LMM are rich in muscle spindles and provide continuous feedback to the central nervous system about body position. Atrophy and fatty infiltrate of the LMM can compromise neuromuscular function and contribute to dysfunctional movement patterns that place a greater demand on lumbar spine structures. Ongoing motor-control impairments perpetuate nociceptive input, leading to central sensitization.

Treatment: 

The athlete had difficulty controlling trunk extension during sport-specific activities; she moved early and to a greater extent in the lumbar spine. The aim of the treatment was to teach the athlete how to control her tendency to overload her lumbar spine when bending backward, thus reducing nociceptive input from lumbar spine structures and desensitizing the nervous system.

Uniqueness: 

Treating EB LBP by addressing motor-control impairments and cognitive-affective factors as opposed to core strengthening.

Conclusions: 

Activity modification, bracing, and traditional core-strengthening exercises may not be the most appropriate treatment for athletes experiencing EB LBP. Addressing cognitive-affective factors in addition to correcting maladaptive motor behavior and moving in a pain-free range reduces nociceptive input, desensitizes the nervous system, and allows athletes to gain control over their pain.
Hip and Knee Kinematics and Kinetics During Landing Tasks After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lepley Adam S. , Kuenze Christopher M.
Published: January 2018

Objective: 

To evaluate the current evidence concerning kinematic and kinetic strategies adopted during dynamic landing tasks by patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Data Sources: 

PubMed, Web of Science.

Study Selection: 

Original research articles that evaluated kinematics or kinetics (or both) during a landing task in those with a history of ACLR were included.

Data Extraction: 

Methodologic quality was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist. Means and standard deviations for knee or hip (or both) kinematics and kinetics were used to calculate Cohen d effect sizes and corresponding 95% confidence intervals between the injured limb of ACLR participants and contralateral or healthy matched limbs. Data were further stratified by landing tasks, either double- or single-limb landing. A random-effects–model meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals.

Data Synthesis: 

The involved limbs of ACLR patients demonstrated clinically and significantly lower knee-extension moments during double-legged landing compared with healthy contralateral limbs and healthy control limbs (Cohen d range = −0.81 to −1.23) and decreased vertical ground reaction forces when compared with healthy controls, regardless of task (Cohen d range = −0.39 to −1.75).

Conclusions: 

During single- and double-legged landing tasks, individuals with ACLR demonstrated meaningful reductions in injured-limb knee-extension moments and vertical ground reaction forces. These findings indicate potential unloading of the injured limb after ACLR, which may have significant implications for secondary ACL injury and long-term joint health.
The Evolving Pattern and Outcome of Stroke at Moderate Altitude
Authors: Dhiman Deepika , Mahajan Sanjay K. , Sharma Sudhir , Raina Rajiv
Published: January 2018

Background: The people residing in hills of this Sub-Himalayan region traditionally have a distinct lifestyle involving high level of physical activity. However, increased urbanization in the last two decades has led to changes in lifestyle of people. The present study was an endeavor to document changes in the pattern of stroke in people residing at moderate altitude. Aim: This study was aimed to study the evolving trends in clinical profile, risk factors, and outcome at 3 months in hospitalized patients of stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital situated at moderate altitude. Setting and Design: This prospective, observational study was carried out in a Tertiary Care Hospital, situated at 2000 m mean sea level, from July 2014 to June 2015 in Sub-Himalayan region of India. Methods: The clinical features and risk factors profile of 235 patients of stroke consecutively admitted in hospital were analyzed, and findings were expressed in percentage. The profile was compared with a study conducted at this institute 15 years back. The outcome of patients at 3 months in terms of modified Rankin Scale >3 (mRS) and Barthel Index <60 (BI) was also studied. Results: The occurrence of stroke as a cause of hospitalization was decreasing. Ischemic stroke was noted in 74%, and 26% had hemorrhagic stroke (HS). There was male predominance (58%), but affliction of females with stroke increased from 34% to 42%. The altered sensorium (P = 0.00) and neurological weakness (P = 0.024) were significantly associated with poor outcome in stroke. The occurrence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease increased but smoking decreased among indoor patients of stroke in the last 15 years. Poor outcome of 203 patients at 3 months follow-up in terms of mRS >3 was 79 (IS-47, HS-32) but in term of BI, 63 (IS-32, HS-31) had poor outcome. Overall HS had poorer outcome. Age >70 years, female sex, altered sensorium, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, were observed as poor prognostic factors, but the association was significant with advanced age, headache, and altered sensorium. Conclusion: The occurrence of stroke decreased among hospitalized patients. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease increased but smoking decreased among patients of stroke.
Factors Influencing Institutional-Based Pediatric Rehabilitation Services among Caregivers of Children with Developmental Delay in Southwestern Rajasthan
Authors: Mishra Kriti , Siddharth V.
Published: January 2018

Context: A limited number of caregivers of children with developmental delay access rehabilitation facilities in India. The study explored utilization of rehabilitation services at a tertiary care setup in southwestern Rajasthan and various factors influencing it. Aims: The aim of this study is to explore rehabilitation service utilization among children with developmental delay at a tertiary care setup and to ascertain factors that influence this pattern. Settings: This study was conducted at the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation at tertiary care setup. Design: This was an observational study. Subjects and Methods: Children with developmental delay who were advised institutional-based rehabilitation were identified over span of 1 year. Those who failed to return for rehabilitation after the first visit were interviewed telephonically. The interview had semi-structured open-ended questions about their reasons for inability to avail services. Statistical Analysis: SPSS statistics 22 was used for descriptive analysis and correlation of variables. Results: Of 230 children with developmental delay visiting department in 1-year duration, 48 took regular rehabilitation. Parents of 129 children with complete records were asked regarding discontinuation. Factors cited by majority were long distance from institute and service at hospital. Other reasons for discontinuation were related to belief system, family issues, time issues, socioeconomic factors, etc. Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with parental education (C = 0.488, P = 0.000) and financial issues. Location of family had significant association with long distance (C = 0.315, P = 0.000), parental education (C = 0.251, P = 0.003), and belief system (C = 0.265, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Distance from institute and quality of hospital service determined rehabilitation service use at a tertiary institute. Other factors such as socioeconomic status, family support, and social belief system must also be addressed while delivering institutional rehabilitation to children.
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetic Agent in Scalp Block and Scalp Infiltration to Control Postcraniotomy Pain: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Authors: Vallapu Shankar , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Samagh Navneh , Bharti Neerja
Published: January 2018

Context: Scalp infiltration and scalp block are being used to manage postcraniotomy pain. Dexmedetomidine has been successfully used as an adjuvant in regional anesthesia. The study was intended to compare whether addition of dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of analgesia as well as to compare the two techniques. Aims: The primary objective was to assess whether addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine prolonged the duration of analgesia. The secondary objective was to compare between scalp nerve block and scalp infiltration as techniques for pain relief. Settings and Design: The randomized control study was conducted in a tertiary care center from November 2013 to October 2014. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I–II patients, aged 18–70 years undergoing elective craniotomy were included. Patients were randomized into three groups of 50 patients, i.e., Group BI (bupivacaine infiltration), Group BDI (bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine infiltration), and Group BDNB (bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine scalp nerve block). Patient's pain score, pain-free interval, rescue analgesic requirement, and hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were noted for 48 h. Patients were followed up at 1 and 3 months to assess postcraniotomy pain. Results: Pain-free period was significantly longer in Group BDNB than Groups BDI and BI (P < 0.0001) and pain control was better in dexmedetomidine containing groups than in bupivacaine group (BI) (P < 0.0001). The rescue analgesic requirement was significantly lower in Group BDNB and Group BDI compared to Group BI. Conclusion: The addition of dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg) to bupivacaine prolonged the pain-free period. Scalp nerve block is a superior technique than scalp infiltration.
Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Conferring Protection in Children At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results from a Sibling Case–control Study
Authors: Manohar Harshini , Pravallika Madhavapuri , Kandasamy Preeti , Chandrasekaran Venkatesh , Rajkumar Ravi Philip
Published: January 2018

Background: Gut microflora influences neural development through complex mechanisms. Feeding practices, especially breastfeeding influence gut microbiome and thereby play a pivotal role in immune and neural development. Current understandings of the role of healthy distal gut microflora in the development of immune and neural systems provide insights into immunological mechanisms as one of the possible etiologies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies have shown that optimal breastfeeding is associated with lower odds of being at-risk for ASD and children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed. Methods: The feeding practices of children with ASD (n = 30) was compared to their typically developing siblings as matched controls (n = 30). Information regarding feeding practices was collected from mothers through a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: About 43.3% of children with ASD received exclusive breastfeeding, whereas 76.7% of their typically developing siblings were exclusively breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with lower odds for ASD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.166; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.025–0.65), while early introduction of top feeds was associated with higher odds (OR = 6; 95% CI = 1.33–55.19). Difficulties in breastfeeding were attributed to child-related factors in 13.2% of the children. Conclusion: Children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed compared to their typically developing siblings. Exclusive breastfeeding may confer protection in vulnerable children. Further studies on larger prospective sample are required to establish the association.
Comparison of Computerized and Standard Cognitive Test in Thai Memory Clinic
Authors: Dharmasaroja Pornpatr A. , Ratanakorn Disya , Nidhinandana Samart , Charernboon Thammanard
Published: January 2018

Background: Computer-based Thai Cognitive Test or Computer-based Thai Mental State Examination (cTMSE) was developed aiming to help doctors to easily get the accurate results of TMSE in a routine, busy outpatient clinics. The purpose of this study was to compare the evaluation process in terms of feasibility, duration of the test, participants/administrator preference, and the results of cognitive test between cTMSE and the standard Thai Mental State Examination (sTMSE). Methods: Twenty-two elderly participants (>60 years old) who were not demented and 22 patients with mild-to-moderate dementia were included in the study. All participants would be asked to have TMSE by standard method (sTMSE) and computer-based method (cTMSE), at least 2 weeks and up to 2 months apart. Scores and duration of the test were compared using dependent paired t-test. Agreement of the tests between two methods and Kappa statistics were analyzed. Results: Paired t-test showed no significant difference in scores between the two methods (mean sTMSE vs. cTMSE: 22.84 vs. 22.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [−0.465] to 0.987, P = 0.524). Percent of agreement between the two methods was 92.5%, with the Kappa of 0.85 (P < 0.001). Duration of the test by sTMSE was slightly shorter than the cTMSE (7.31 min vs. 7.97 min, 95% CI: [−1.159] to [−0.175], P = 0.09). Overall, participants liked being tested by cTMSE more than sTMSE. Conclusion: Computer-based TMSE was feasible to use and accurate for screening in aging adults and for cognitive evaluation in patients with mild-to-moderate dementia.
Using of Fresh Cadaveric Cow Brain in the Microsurgical Training Model for Sulcal-Cisternal and Fissural Dissection
Authors: Gökyar Ahmet , Cokluk Cengiz
Published: January 2018

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the feasibility of using fresh cadaveric cow brain as in a training model for microsurgical dissection of sulcus, cisterns, and fissure. Methods: Experimental microneurosurgical activities in this study were performed under the operating microscope. Bilateral sylvian cisterns, interhemispheric fissure, and hemispheric sulcus of the fresh cadaveric cow brain were used as an interested area for this experimental study. The dissection was continued reaching down to the floor of the cistern and total dissection of the middle cerebral artery inside the cisternal space. The suitability of a cow brain as a training model for sylvian fissure microdissection was evaluated as three groups; bad, good, and perfect. Results: Ten uncovered fresh cadaveric cow brains were used in this experimental feasibility study. The suitability of the experiment for training model was evaluated as bad in (1) 10% of the fresh cadaveric cow brains. The suitability was found as good in (6) 60% of the procedures. In the remaining (3) 30% of the brain dissection, the suitability of the experiment was evaluated as perfect. Conclusion: In conclusion, performing the sulcal, cisternal, and fissural dissection and protecting the neural and vascular tissue from the mechanical bruising effect of metallic microsurgical instruments are feasible as shown in this study. We believe that this training model will contribute to the practical micro-neurosurgery. Additionally, it provides adequate performance for the microsurgical intervention.
Surgically Treated Primary Spinal Cord Neoplasms in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Chikani Mark Chukwunweike , Okwunodulu Okwuoma , Mesi Mathew , Mezue Wilfred C. , Ohaegbulam Samuel C. , Ndubuisi Chika C.
Published: January 2018

Background: Primary spinal cord tumors are not as frequently encountered as their cranial counterparts. They could present in such an indolent manner that requires a reasonable index of suspicion for their diagnosis to be considered. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the incidence and pattern of primary spinal cord and appendage neoplasms in patients surgically treated in our institution over a decade of practice. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of clinical, radiological, and histopathology profiles of patients surgically treated for primary spinal cord tumor from 2006 to 2016 was carried out. Retrieved data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Out of 472 spine procedures were performed within the study period 17 (3.6%) cases of histologically proven primary spinal cord tumors were identified. The age of patients ranged between 17 and 77 years with a mean age was 45 years. The male: female ratio was 1:1.1. Motor deficit and pain were the most common presenting symptoms seen in 35.3% and 29.4% of patients, respectively. Meningiomas are the most common histological diagnosis (70.6%), distantly followed by Schwannoma (17.6%). The most common location of the tumors was intradural extramedullary (70.6%). All patients had gross total resection of tumor with no perioperative mortality. Conclusion: Meningioma is the most common surgically treated primary spinal cord tumor in our setting. Surgery is associated with good outcome.
Hansen's Neuritis Revisited – A Clinicopathological Study
Authors: Jaiswal Navya , Chakraborti Shrijeet , Nayak Kashinath , Pai Shivananda , Shelley B. P. , Sreeram Saraswathy P. , Rakshith K. C. , Suresh B. V. , Misri Z. K. , Alva Hansraj , Shankar N.
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Leprosy affecting the nerve solely or with concomitant skin lesions is not an uncommon condition in clinical practice. It is responsible for extensive morbidity and often poses a diagnostic challenge. This study aims to highlight the clinicopathological features of Hansen's neuritis (HN). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, cases of histologically diagnosed HN, from January 2010 to July 2017, were reviewed in the light of clinical features, treatment history, and outcome. Results: There were 18 cases of HN which accounted for 3.97% of total nerve biopsy samples (n = 453) and 0.02% of total histopathology samples (n = 81,013). The male: female ratio was 5:1 in the cases of HN. Age range was 20–79 years with a mean age of 42.4 years (standard deviation: ±14.03). Among the HN cases, there were 13 cases of pure neuritic leprosy (61.1%). Mononeuritis multiplex was the most common finding in the nerve conduction study. Six (33.3%) cases exhibited histological features of borderline tuberculoid leprosy, followed by five (27.8%) cases of mid-borderline features, three (16.7%) cases each of borderline lepromatous and burnt-out HN, and one (5.6%) case of polar tuberculoid leprosy. Lepra bacilli were detected on Fite-Faraco stain in 44.4% cases. Conclusion: Diagnosis of HN depends on astute search for skin lesions, nerve thickening or tenderness, sensory or motor symptoms, histopathological examination, and demonstration of lepra bacilli.
Het was krankzinnigheid den vuist te ballen tegen het fatum
Authors: Konst Jan
Published: January 2018

The rise of naturalism in the Netherlands and Flanders was accompanied by a growing interest in a motif that had drawn attention to itself on several occasions in earlier literary epochs: fate or fatum. At least up to the mid-20th century, this motif went on playing an important role in Dutch-language literature. It is striking in this connection that two different notions of fatum are to be found there. On the one hand, an ‘external’ fate is identified – thought of as a supernatural, metaphysical power which determines the course of events in advance. On the other hand, though, an ‘internal’ fate is postulated – a conglomerate of psychological dispositions and hereditary character traits that determine a person’s behaviour. In literary texts, it is not always easy to see whether an ‘external’ or an ‘internal’ idea of fatum is predominant. The present article investigates where the reasons for this ambivalence lie. A thematological procedure was chosen for the purpose, with Deirdre en de zonen van Usnach (1920) by Adriaan Roland Holst serving as a reference point – a novel in which the author made an explicit decision in favour of an ‘external’ idea of fate. Furthermore, two other novels are analysed: Noodlot (1890) by Louis Couperus and De waterman (1933) by Arthur van Schendel.
Exploring the observational constraints on the simulation of brown carbon
Authors: Wang Xuan , Heald Colette L. , Liu Jiumeng , Weber Rodney J. , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Jimenez Jose L. , Schwarz Joshua P. , Perring Anne E.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Organic aerosols (OA) that strongly absorb solar radiation in the near-UV are referred to as brown carbon (BrC). The sources, evolution, and optical properties of BrC remain highly uncertain and contribute significantly to uncertainty in the estimate of the global direct radiative effect (DRE) of aerosols. Previous modeling studies of BrC optical properties and DRE have been unable to fully evaluate model performance due to the lack of direct measurements of BrC absorption. In this study, we develop a global model simulation (GEOS-Chem) of BrC and test it against BrC absorption measurements from two aircraft campaigns in the continental US (SEAC4RS and DC3). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare simulated BrC absorption with direct aircraft measurements. We show that BrC absorption properties estimated based on previous laboratory measurements agree with the aircraft measurements of freshly emitted BrC absorption but overestimate aged BrC absorption. In addition, applying a photochemical scheme to simulate bleaching/degradation of BrC improves model skill. The airborne observations are therefore consistent with a mass absorption coefficient (MAC) of freshly emitted biomass burning OA of 1.33 m2 g−1 at 365 nm coupled with a 1-day whitening e-folding time. Using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model integrated with the RRTMG radiative transfer model, we estimate that the top-of-the-atmosphere all-sky direct radiative effect (DRE) of OA is −0.344 Wm−2, 10 % higher than that without consideration of BrC absorption. Therefore, our best estimate of the absorption DRE of BrC is +0.048 Wm−2. We suggest that the DRE of BrC has been overestimated previously due to the lack of observational constraints from direct measurements and omission of the effects of photochemical whitening.
An overview of mesoscale aerosol processes, comparisons, and validation studies from DRAGON networks
Authors: Holben Brent N. , Kim Jhoon , Sano Itaru , Mukai Sonoyo , Eck Thomas F. , Giles David M. , Schafer Joel S. , Sinyuk Aliaksandr , Slutsker Ilya , Smirnov Alexander , Sorokin Mikhail , Anderson Bruce E. , Che Huizheng , Choi Myungje , Crawford James H. , Ferrare Richard A. , Garay Michael J. , Jeong Ukkyo , Kim Mijin , Kim Woogyung , Knox Nichola , Li Zhengqiang , Lim Hwee S. , Liu Yang , Maring Hal , Nakata Makiko , Pickering Kenneth E. , Piketh Stuart , Redemann Jens , Reid Jeffrey S. , Salinas Santo , Seo Sora , Tan Fuyi , Tripathi Sachchida N. , Toon Owen B. , Xiao Qingyang
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Over the past 24 years, the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) program has provided highly accurate remote-sensing characterization of aerosol optical and physical properties for an increasingly extensive geographic distribution including all continents and many oceanic island and coastal sites. The measurements and retrievals from the AERONET global network have addressed satellite and model validation needs very well, but there have been challenges in making comparisons to similar parameters from in situ surface and airborne measurements. Additionally, with improved spatial and temporal satellite remote sensing of aerosols, there is a need for higher spatial-resolution ground-based remote-sensing networks. An effort to address these needs resulted in a number of field campaign networks called Distributed Regional Aerosol Gridded Observation Networks (DRAGONs) that were designed to provide a database for in situ and remote-sensing comparison and analysis of local to mesoscale variability in aerosol properties. This paper describes the DRAGON deployments that will continue to contribute to the growing body of research related to meso- and microscale aerosol features and processes. The research presented in this special issue illustrates the diversity of topics that has resulted from the application of data from these networks.
New approach to the retrieval of AOD and its uncertainty from MISR observations over dark water
Authors: Witek Marcin L. , Garay Michael J. , Diner David J. , Bull Michael A. , Seidel Felix C.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. A new method for retrieving aerosol optical depth (AOD) and its uncertainty from Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR)
observations over dark water is outlined. MISR's aerosol retrieval algorithm calculates cost functions between observed and
pre-simulated radiances for a range of AODs (from 0.0 to 3.0) and a prescribed set of aerosol mixtures. The previous version 22 (V22)
operational algorithm considered only the AOD that minimized the cost function for each aerosol mixture and then used a combination of
these values to compute the final, “best estimate” AOD and associated uncertainty. The new approach considers the entire range of
cost functions associated with each aerosol mixture. The uncertainty of the reported AOD depends on a combination of (a) the absolute
values of the cost functions for each aerosol mixture, (b) the widths of the cost function distributions as a function of AOD, and
(c) the spread of the cost function distributions among the ensemble of mixtures. A key benefit of the new approach is that, unlike
the V22 algorithm, it does not rely on empirical thresholds imposed on the cost function to determine the success or failure of
a particular mixture. Furthermore, a new aerosol retrieval confidence index (ARCI) is established that can be used to screen high-AOD
retrieval blunders caused by cloud contamination or other factors. Requiring ARCI ≥0.15 as a condition for retrieval success is
supported through statistical analysis and outperforms the thresholds used in the V22 algorithm. The described changes to the MISR
dark water algorithm will become operational in the new MISR aerosol product (V23), planned for release in 2017.
Methane and carbon dioxide fluxes over a lake: comparison between eddy covariance, floating chambers and boundary layer method
Authors: Erkkilä Kukka-Maaria , Ojala Anne , Bastviken David , Biermann Tobias , Heiskanen Jouni J. , Lindroth Anders , Peltola Olli , Rantakari Miitta , Vesala Timo , Mammarella Ivan
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Freshwaters bring a notable contribution to the global carbon budget by
emitting both carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere.
Global estimates of freshwater emissions traditionally use a wind-speed-based
gas transfer velocity, kCC (introduced by Cole and Caraco, 1998), for
calculating diffusive flux with the boundary layer method (BLM). We compared
CH4 and CO2 fluxes from BLM with kCC and two other gas transfer
velocities (kTE and kHE), which include the effects of water-side
cooling to the gas transfer besides shear-induced turbulence, with
simultaneous eddy covariance (EC) and floating chamber (FC) fluxes during a
16-day measurement campaign in September 2014 at Lake Kuivajärvi in Finland.
The measurements included both lake stratification and water column mixing
periods. Results show that BLM fluxes were mainly lower than EC, with the
more recent model kTE giving the best fit with EC fluxes, whereas FC
measurements resulted in higher fluxes than simultaneous EC measurements. We
highly recommend using up-to-date gas transfer models, instead of kCC,
for better flux estimates. BLM CO2 flux measurements had clear differences between daytime and
night-time fluxes with all gas transfer models during both stratified and
mixing periods, whereas EC measurements did not show a diurnal behaviour in
CO2 flux. CH4 flux had higher values in daytime than night-time during
lake mixing period according to EC measurements, with highest fluxes detected
just before sunset. In addition, we found clear differences in daytime and
night-time concentration difference between the air and surface water for
both CH4 and CO2. This might lead to biased flux estimates, if only
daytime values are used in BLM upscaling and flux measurements in general. FC measurements did not detect spatial variation in either CH4 or CO2
flux over Lake Kuivajärvi. EC measurements, on the other hand, did not show
any spatial variation in CH4 fluxes but did show a clear difference between CO2
fluxes from shallower and deeper areas. We highlight that while all flux
measurement methods have their pros and cons, it is important to carefully
think about the chosen method and measurement interval, as well as their effects on
the resulting flux.
Modelling debris transport within glaciers by advection in a full-Stokes ice flow model
Authors: Wirbel Anna , Jarosch Alexander H. , Nicholson Lindsey
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Glaciers with extensive surface debris cover respond differently to climate forcing than those without supraglacial debris. In order to include debris-covered glaciers in projections of glaciogenic runoff and sea level rise and to understand the paleoclimate proxy recorded by such glaciers, it is necessary to understand the manner and timescales over which a supraglacial debris cover develops. Because debris is delivered to the glacier by processes that are heterogeneous in space and time, and these debris inclusions are altered during englacial transport through the glacier system, correctly determining where, when and how much debris is delivered to the glacier surface requires knowledge of englacial transport pathways and deformation. To achieve this, we present a model of englacial debris transport in which we couple an advection scheme to a full-Stokes ice flow model. The model performs well in numerical benchmark tests, and we present both 2-D and 3-D glacier test cases that, for a set of prescribed debris inputs, reproduce the englacial features, deformation thereof and patterns of surface emergence predicted by theory and observations of structural glaciology. In a future step, coupling this model to (i) a debris-aware surface mass balance scheme and (ii) a supraglacial debris transport scheme will enable the co-evolution of debris cover and glacier geometry to be modelled.
FONTE DE INFORMAÇÃO SOBRE OS BENEFICIOS DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A PRÁTICA EFETIVA EM ADOLESCENTES DA ZONA RURAL
Authors: Da Silva Marcelo Cozzensa , Dorneles Rui Carlos Gomes , Caputo Eduardo Lucia
Published: January 2018

O objetivo estudo foi verificar quais as fontes de informação utilizadas por estudantes do Ensino Médio da zona rural sobre os benefícios da prática de atividade física (AF) e sua relação com a prática efetiva. Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base escolar com 510 adolescentes onde se avaliou aspetos demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais, nutricionais, de saúde, e as fontes de informação sobre os benefícios da atividade física para saúde. Médico, parente/amigo e meios de comunicação demonstraram-se associadas a prática de AF. É importante que sejam realizadas intervenções com os alunos, assim como no ambiente familiar, devido a maior relação entre fonte de informação e a prática efetiva de atividades físicas se estabelecer nesses domínios.
PIBID E FORMAÇÃO PARA A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: NOTAS DE UMA ETNOGRAFIA
Authors: Medeiros Tiago Nunes , Goularte Gabriel Gules , Rocha Leandro Oliveira , Bossle Fabiano
Published: January 2018

Este estudo objetiva compreender a formação inicial de professores de Educação Física na perspectiva do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência. O desenho teórico-metodológico da etnografia nos permitiu interpretar os aspectos simbólicos compartilhados pelos bolsistas participantes do Programa inseridos em três escolas de uma Rede de Ensino do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir da perspectiva teórica dos Estudos Educacionais Críticos realizamos uma descrição densa dos significados das aulas de Educação Física e interpretamos que há produção de significados compartilhados pelos participantes do estudo que diferem daqueles que embasam algumas teorias que sustentam a pesquisa.
EFEITO DA PARTICIPAÇÃO EM AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR SOBRE INDICADORES DE CRESCIMENTO, COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL E APTIDÃO NEUROMOTORA EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Queiroz Daniel Rocha , De Jesus Sousa Lima Teresinha , Carneiro Mauricio , Martins Veloso Túlio Samuelson , De Lima Santos Victor Rafael , Santos Marcos Moura
Published: January 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os efeitos de 12 semanas de aulas de Educação Física sobre os indicadores de crescimento, composição corporal e testes neuromotores em crianças. 23 indivíduos de ambos os sexos (6 a 10 anos) foram avaliados quanto às variáveis antropométricas (massa corporal, estatura, altura sentada, IMC e RCQ), composição corporal e testes neuromotores (força, flexibilidade e RML abdominal). A ANOVA two-way e o t-student foram utilizados na comparação das variáveis. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas na massa corporal, IMC, RCQ, massa corporal magra e RML abdominal. A participação de 12 semanas em aulas de Educação Física mostrou que as diferenças observadas entre os momentos estudados podem estar relacionadas ao efeito do fator tempo e grupo.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA DANÇA NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ
Authors: Dos Santos José Carlos , De Páscoa Rodrigues Janete , Santos Nery Simone Silva , De Sousa Silva Érika Priscila , Pereira Nunes Agda , De Freitas Brito Aline
Published: January 2018

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições da dança na formação inicial de professores de Educação Física que fazem parte do projeto “Corpo de Dança da UFPI”. A pesquisa qualitativa caracteriza-se como analítica descritiva. A coleta dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário misto aplicado junto à amostra constituída por 14 acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física da UFPI que participam do Projeto “Corpo de Dança da UFPI”. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que os acadêmicos investigados perceberam que a dança contribuiu de maneira satisfatória na vida profissional, e ainda os possibilitaram vivenciar inúmeras experiências que foram além da Dança. Conclui-se, portanto, que a participação no Corpo de Dança da UFPI proporciona aos alunos de Educação Física uma melhor capacidade de solucionar problemas e construir suas próprias estratégias de ensino. Uma vez que o mesmo pode gerar campo de trabalho, um maior conhecimento por parte dos estudantes sobre como se configura o trabalho do docente de educação física com a dança.
DANÇA E TÉCNICA: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO COM A FENOMENOLOGIA
Authors: Alves Pereira Marques Danieli , Del Ponte de Assis Marília , Surdi Aguinaldo Cesar , Calvo LLuch África , Kunz Elenor
Published: January 2018

Este ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão sobre as relações entre técnica e dança a partir de uma perspectiva filosófica. Recorre especialmente a Merleau-Ponty e a autores que desejam ampliar o conceito de técnica corporal, que, nessa perspectiva, antes de tudo, trata-se de experiência sensível, não reduzindo-se apenas a um padrão técnico. A perspectiva fenomenológica nos aponta para a experiência do movimento que se dá a cada vez, atado à instabilidade do próprio dançar. Uma experiência perceptiva que carrega um estilo, uma maneira particular de “ser-no-mundo”.
Ellismarsporium gen. nov. and Stanhughesiella gen. nov. to accommodate atypical Helminthosporium and Corynesporella species
Authors: Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F. , Li De-Wei , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Kendrick Bryce , Ramos-García Beatriz , Pérez-Martínez Simón , Sosa Daynet
Published: January 2018

Two new genera are proposed: Ellismarsporium for species of Helminthosporium and Corynesporella that have catenate conidia and polytretic conidiogenous cells, and Stanhughesiella for a species of Helminthosporium with dictyoseptate conidia. Descriptions
and illustrations are provided.
Perenniporia puerensis sp. nov. from southern China
Authors: Liu Wei-Li , Xu Tai-Min , Shen Shan , Liu Xiang-Fu , Sun Yang , Zhao Chang-Lin
Published: January 2018

A new polypore, Perenniporia puerensis, collected from Yunnan province, southern China, is described and illustrated based on four collections using morphologybased methods. Macroscopically, the new species is characterized by an annual growth habit, resupinate basidiocarps with
a yellow to ochraceous pore surface, and 4–6 pores per mm. Microscopically, it has a dimitic hyphal system with non-dextrinoid and cyanophilous skeletal hyphae that are encrusted with pale-yellow crystals, and basidiospores that are ovoid to subglobose, thick-walled, non-dextrinoid,
cyanophilous, and 4.3–5.5 × 3.7–4.7 μm.
Huneckia pollinii and Flavoplaca oasis newly recorded from China
Authors: Miao Cong-Cong , Zhao Xiang-Xiang , Zhao Zun-Tian , Shahidin Hurnisa , Zhang Lu-Lu
Published: January 2018

Huneckia pollinii and Flavoplaca oasis are described and illustrated from Chinese specimens. The two species and the genus Huneckia are recorded for the first time from China.
Phaeomonilia aquatica sp. nov., an aquatic hyphomycete from China
Authors: Huang Jun-En , Song Hai-Yan , Huang Xi-Gen , Ma Jian , Hu Dian-Ming
Published: January 2018

A new aquatic hyphomycete, Phaeomonilia aquatica, is described and illustrated from specimens collected on submerged wood in Jiangxi Province, China. Phaeomonilia aquatica is morphologically characterized by conidiophores with percurrent proliferation and aseptate smooth
conidia that are spherical, subtriangular, subglobose, ellipsoidal to subfusiform or obovate and formed in branched acropetal chains. A key to Phaeomonilia species is provided.
Minimelanolocus atlanticus sp. nov. and M. navicularis from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Costa Phelipe M.O. , Malosso Elaine , Barbosa Marcela A. , Tavares Wanderson L. , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: January 2018

Minimelanolocus navicularis and a new species, M. atlanticus, are described and illustrated from collections on decaying leaves of unidentified plants. Minimelanolocus atlanticus is distinguished by oblong, 2-septate conidia, with brown basal and central cells
and gray to subhyaline apical cell and slightly flattened or sub-rounded apex. Notes are provided on M. navicularis recorded from Brazilian Atlantic Forest.
Chironomus strenzkei Fittkau, 1968 is a junior synonym of C. striatipennis Kieffer, 1910
Authors: Martin Jon
Published: January 2018

Two species of Chironomus with essentially identical adult wing patterns, C. strenzkei and C. striatipennis, have been reported from Brazil. Specimens were collected from the same region in the Manaus area some 50 years apart. Morphological, cytological and DNA Barcode comparisons all confirm that these two species are inseparable on any of the characteristics studied. Moreover, for the mitochondrial COI region investigated, the sequences are completely identical, and polytene chromosome banding patterns are shared between C. strenzkei and C. striatipennis populations from Japan. I therefore argue that the former species must be a junior synonym of C. striatipennis. As a result of the synonymy, C. striatipennis now becomes a new record for California and North America, and hence has a Holarctic distribution. The DNA sequence comparisons suggest that the Brazilian population may have derived from China, rather than Korea as suggested previously, and that the Californian population may not have been introduced from South America, but could equally likely have come from Asia.
An annotated preliminary list of the Chironomidae (Diptera) of Zurquí, Costa Rica
Authors: Epler John H.
Published: January 2018

An annotated list of the species of Chironomidae found at a four-hectare site, mostly cloud forest, in Costa Rica is presented. A total of 137 species, 98 of them undescribed, in 63 genera (17 apparently new), were found.
New range extensions for the Canadian Chironomidae fauna from two urban streams
Authors: Namayandeh Armin , Beresford David V.
Published: January 2018

We report on 2 first records of Chironomidae for Ontario, Rheosmittia spinicornis (Brundin, 1956) and Sublettea coffmani (Roback 1975), and confirm a previous record of Odontomesa fulva (Kieffer 1919) from Ontario. Specimens of S. coffmani have been only reported from New Brunswick whereas R. spinicornis has records from northern, western and central provinces and territories. Reports of O. fulva were not con-firmed in Ontario. Here we report its occurrence for the second time in south central Ontario, confirming its occurrence within the province.
Sinhala focus concord constructions from a discourse-syntactic perspective
Authors: Kishimoto Hideki
Published: January 2018

Sinhala is a language in which a focus particle may be used for marking focus with no visible movement. In Sinhala, a focused constituent can be delimited by a focus particle appearing in clause-internal position, but the same particle is often allowed to occur in clause-final scope position as well, in which case a focused constituent is not overtly marked by the particle. In this paper, I argue that the focus particle located in a focus-delimiting position is raised to the scope position in the CP domain to specify the scope of its associated focus constituent. Focus particles are distinguished according to whether or not they carry an interrogative meaning. On the basis of wh-island effects observed for long distance pseudo-clefting in interrogative focus concord constructions, and their absence in non-interrogative focus concord constructions, it is suggested that a non-interrogative focus particle is located in FocP, and an interrogative focus particle, ForceP at the LF level. It is also shown that A’-movement of a focus particle to its scope position can take place either in narrow syntax or at LF even if it appears in clause-internal position in the surface strings.
CARACTERIZACION DE Trichoderma viridae Y T atroviridae AISLADOS DE MONUMENTOS HISTORICOS EN CIUDAD DE MEXICO.
Authors: Páramo-Aguilera L.A. , Hernández-Mendoza J.L.
Published: January 2018

Trichoderma spp. es un hongo polivalente, cuyas propiedades lo postulan como agente de control biológico de fitopatógenos y como estimulador de crecimiento de plantas. Comúnmente aislado de suelos y madera en descomposición, aunque los aislados II2 y II8 (T viridae y T atroviridae) fueron aislados de monumentos históricos en la Cd de México, DF. Este trabajo presenta la caracterización del antagonismo y promoción de crecimiento vegetal de dichos aislados. Se realizaron pruebas de estos hongos en contra de los hongos fitopatógenos Fusarium oxysporum y Macrophomina phaseolina, aislados de frijol. Los resultados muestran que las especies de Trichoderma en estudio no modifican su velocidad de crecimiento cuando crecen en cultivo dual con los antagonistas. Igual resultado se obtuvo para F oxysporum cuando crece frente a los aislados II8 y II2. M phaseolina incrementa su velocidad de crecimiento de colonia cuando crece en la misma caja de Petri frente a las dos especies de Trichoderma. Se observó antagonismo por competencia por espacio y los mecanismos de antibiosis e hiperparasitismo no fueron detectados en estas pruebas. Al evaluarse el potencial uso agronómico, estimulando el crecimiento en plantas de sorgo a través de la altura y biomasa producida en los diferentes tratamientos se determinó que no tienen la capacidad de estimular el desarrollo de las plantas. Contrariamente, en general se observan efectos inhibitorios del crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas tratadas. Esto tal vez se deba a que estas cepas se aislaron de monumentos históricos de la zona urbana de la Cd de México.
The effect of reference position versus right lateral position on the intra-abdominal pressure in mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: Mahran Ghada Shalaby Khalaf , Abd-Elshafy Sayed K. , Neem Manal Mohammed Abd El , Sayed Jehan A.
Published: January 2018

Background and objective: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is a frequent plentiful problem in patients admitted to critical care units. It ranges from a surge incidence of morbidity and mortality to a particular need for nursing health care, so recognition of the occurrence of IAH is a very critical issue for critical care nurses and physician. This study aimed to recognize the effects of various body position with the various head of bed elevation on the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods: Design: A non-randomized, prospective observational study was used. Setting: Trauma and general intensive care units at Assuit University Hospitals. Method: In a prospective observational study, during the third day of mechanical ventilation, 60 patients were screened for IAP via a urinary catheter, in two various body positions in three separate degrees of the head of the bed (HOB) elevation (0º, 15º, and 30º). The position was changed at least 4 hours apart over a 24-h period.Results: In lateral recumbence, IAP measurements were significantly elevated compared to supine position, they were 19.70 ± 3.09 mmHg versus 16.00 ± 3.14 (p < .001), 22.80 ± 3.56 mmHg versus 19.03 ± 2.95 (p < .001), and 26.08 ± 3.59 mmHg versus 21.46 ± 2.90 versus (p < .001) at 0º, 15º, and 30º respectively. The mean of IAP difference was 3.7 ± 3.0 mmHg at 0º, 3.8 ± 1.00 mmHg at 15º, and 5.5 ± 1.01 mmHg at 30 º (p < .005).Conclusions: IAP reading is significantly elevated by changing from supine to lateral position especially with HOB elevation and significantly correlated with mortality rate in patients with mechanical ventilation