bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of deeper dwelling West Pacific cardinalfish (Percomorpha: Apogonidae) with a redescription of Ostorhinchus atrogaster
Authors: FRASER THOMAS H.
Published: September 2022

A new species of cardinalfish is described from Palau. A deep-water species from 72 meters on a steep drop off is unlikelyto be collected often. This slender species may belong with a group of deeper dwelling cardinalfishes. Fresh post-mortemspecimens differ in color pattern from other translucent Ostorhinchus in having a faint yellow midline stripe ending in adiffuse scattering of melanophores forming a basicaudal spot, a yellowish nape stripe above lateral-line scales reaching tonear mid-base of the second dorsal fin, melanophores forming a short band along the side of the abdomen from near theanus to below the pectoral-fin base, lower lip and snout dusky. Ostorhinchus atrogaster is redescribed from the type ma-terial and differs from the new species in dentition on the premaxilla and dentary and having a silvery line above the lateral line to the base of the caudal fin.
Review of the genus Prays Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Praydidae) from China, with descriptions of twelve new species
Authors: CONG PEIXIN , LI HOUHUN
Published: September 2022

The genus Prays Hübner, 1825 from China is reviewed. Nineteen species are treated, including twelve species described as new: P. orthacantha sp. nov., P. spiniprocessa sp. nov., P. erromera sp. nov., P. rectangula sp. nov., P. tauricornis sp. nov., P. longisaccula sp. nov., P. bisechinata sp. nov., P. semilunata sp. nov., P. semicircularis sp. nov., P. dorsiprotrusa sp. nov., P. helanshana sp. nov., and P. acinacea sp. nov. The female of P. inconspicua Yu et Li, 2004 is described for the first time. Images of adults and genitalia are provided, along with a key to separate all the Chinese species.
A new genus and species of Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) tolerant to mine waste
Authors: CRANSTON PETER S.
Published: September 2022

For over 25 years an undescribed Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) has been known to dominate the lotic invertebrate assemblage associated with long-term polluting mine adits in Captains Flat, on the Molonglo River, southern New South Wales, Australia. Although known in all life stages, it has been impossible to allocate the species to any described genus. Renewed interest in the taxonomy of the Tanypodinae, particularly associated with molecular investigations and pollution indicator status warrants formal description. All stages conform to tribe Pentaneurini, but each life stage differs in morphological resemblance. Yarrhpelopia Cranston gen. n. is proposed for the taxon previously referred to under the informal code name of 'genus A'. The genus name derives from south-east Australian aboriginal word yarrh, in recognition of its core distribution and presence in flowing waters. A single species, A. norrisi Cranston sp. n., is described, acknowledging the late Professor Richard Norris, an influential Australian limnologist. Larvae dominate the benthos immediately adjacent to mine adits that continue to leach heavy metals (zinc, cadmium, copper and lead) into downstream sediments. A wider distribution includes cleaner near pristine, eastern Australian rivers between 30° and 42°S, but these records are excluded from the type series pending molecular insights into species limits.
Review of continental North and Central American Paracloeodes Day 1955 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), including description of a new species from Minnesota, U.S.A.
Authors: CRUZ PAULO VILELA , USHER ANDREW K. , JACOBUS LUKE M.
Published: September 2022

Paracloeodes Day is a western hemisphere genus with 20 species, but only three of these valid species are known from continental North and Central America. Based on available literature comparisons, species-level identifications of these three species can be difficult. Considering the apparent similarity between them, the main objective of this study was to examine type and other material housed in the Purdue Entomological Research Collection and the University of Minnesota in order to evaluate species status and to elucidate additional diagnostic characters. The evaluation resulted in validation of P. fleeki McCafferty & Lenat, P. lugoi Randolph & McCafferty and P. minutus (Daggy) and the confirmation of P. abditus Day as a junior synonym of P. minutus. Furthermore, we discovered a new species from the type locality of P. minutus. Paracloedes lotor n. sp. is described based on the nymph stage and a putative male imago from the Mississippi River in Minnesota. Paracloeodes lotor n. sp. differs from the other continental North and Central American species of the genus by the apical half of the paraglossa having an abrupt decrease in width (the “subtriangular” condition) in nymphs, and by having the posterior margin of the styliger plate with a small and pointed spine in the male imago. We provide a new identification key for nymphs of the four continental North and Central American species.
Review of the genus Pityocona Meyrick, 1918 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in China, with descriptions of five new species
Authors: CHEN MENGTING , LI HOUHUN
Published: September 2022

The genus Pityocona is reviewed in China. Pityocona longovata sp. nov., P. transovata sp. nov., P. monoprocessa sp. nov., P. mastoidea sp. nov. and P. sinuosa sp. nov. are described as new; P. bifurcatus Wadhawan et Walia originally described from India is widely known in southern China as a pest of rice. Photos of adults and genitalia are provided, along with a key to all the Chinese species.
Two new species of Oswaldocruzia (Nematoda, Molineidae) parasitising lizards in Ukraine
Authors: SVITIN ROMAN
Published: September 2022

Two new species, Oswaldocruzia lisnykiensis sp. n. and Oswaldocruzia lacertica sp. n., are described from Anguis fragilis L. (Reptilia: Anquidae) and Lacerta agilis L. (Reptilia: Lacertidae) respectively. Both species belong to the Palaearctic group of species which have spicules divided in three main branches (blade, fork and shoe) with fork division above its distal third. The new species differs from all previously known Palaearctic species by several morphological characters: type of caudal bursa (type III in O. lisnykiensis and type I in O. lacertica), shape of spicules (blade distally divided into four tips and specific shape of shoe) and synlophe structure (narrow cervical alae consist of three crests in both species). Illustrated descriptions of O. lisnykiensis and O. lacertica based on 63 and 38 specimens respectively are presented. Host specificity and geographical distribution of the species are discussed. O. dispar is considered as a species inquirenda.
Black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) of Queensland, Australia. Part II. Genus Pseudolycoriella Menzel & Mohrig, 1998
Authors: MOHRIG WERNER , KAUSCHKE ELLEN , BROADLEY ADAM
Published: September 2022

In this second part on the black fungus gnats of Queensland, Australia, nine species are described as new for science. These are: Pseudolycoriella angustoantennata sp. n., Psl. breviradiata sp. n., Psl. consectaria sp. n., Psl. fuscovenosa sp. n., Psl. globostylata sp. n., Psl. notanda sp. n., Psl. paucispinata sp. n., Psl. secura sp. n. and Psl. unispinata sp. n. The following three species are new for Australia: Psl. bisulca Vilkamaa, Hippa & Mohrig, 2012, known from New Caledonia; Psl. snellingi Mohrig, 2013, reported from Papua New Guinea and Psl. horribilis (Edwards, 1931), described from Sumatra. All species are illustrated and keyed.
Labrumoides vibrissa (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida), new callipallenid genus and new species from north Western Australia
Authors: STAPLES DAVID A.
Published: September 2022

Specimens housed in the Australian Museum assigned to the genus Stylopallene are reviewed on the basis of their questionable geographic locations in the tropical waters of north Western Australia. Re-examination of those specimens shows only a superficial resemblance to the genus Stylopallene. The new genus Labrumoides gen. nov. is erected to accommodate those specimens and a new species L. vibrissa sp. nov. is described. Cheilopallene hirta previously assigned to genus incertae sedis is provisionally reassigned to the new genus.
Catalogue of the free-living and arthropod-associated Laelapidae Canestrini (Acari: Mesostigmata), with revised generic concepts and a key to genera
Authors: DE MORAES GILBERTO JOSÉ , MOREIRA GRAZIELLE FURTADO , FREIRE RENATA ANGÉLICA PRADO , BEAULIEU FRÉDÉRIC , KLOMPEN HANS , HALLIDAY BRUCE
Published: September 2022

The cosmopolitan mite family Laelapidae includes both free-living predatory species and species associated with arthropods, mammals or birds. This work presents a list of free-living and arthropod-associated species of laelapids, with corresponding taxonomic information and references. It includes 1088 species (in addition to three subspecies) assigned to 73 genera, 61 new combinations and two new synonymies at the generic level. Laelaps (Apolaelaps) Silvestri is raised to the generic level. Many of the species described before about 1950 are poorly characterised and cannot be classified with confidence at the family or generic level. Hence, ten genera, one subgenus, 121 species (ca. 70% of which were reported as Hypoaspis Canestrini or Laelaps (Hypoaspis) Canestrini) and one subspecies, are considered incertae sedis, because of their inadequate morphological characterisation in the literature. Some of these may not even belong to the Laelapidae or to the groups of interest for this publication. A total of 89 species, 30 genera, one subgenus, one tribe and one subfamily previously associated with genera treated in this catalogue are now placed in other families or, less commonly, in laelapid genera not considered here because they are considered essentially vertebrate parasites (taxa excluded). Twenty-six other species (one cited as a “variety”) are cited as nomina nuda. An illustrated key to the 73 genera included in the catalogue along with revised generic diagnoses are provided.
Relocation of GATE from the Pacific to the Atlantic
Authors: Zhang Chidong , Wallace John M. , Houze Robert A. , Zipser Edward J. , Emanuel Kerry A.
Published: September 2022

This article documents historically the planning of the Global Atmospheric Research Program’s (GARP) Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE), the largest atmospheric field program of all time. In its earliest planning, GATE was called the Tropical Meteorological Experiment (TROMEX) and was designed to be in the tropical western Pacific. For reasons including concerns of the U.S. Department of Defense, the international project was relocated to the tropical Atlantic and renamed GATE.
Tγδ LGLL identifies a subset with more symptomatic disease: analysis of an international cohort of 137 patients
Authors: Barilà Gregorio , Grassi Angela , Cheon HeeJin , Teramo Antonella , Calabretto Giulia , Chahal Jasmanet , Vicenzetto Cristina , Almeida Julia , Shemo Bryna C. , Shi Min , Gasparini Vanessa Rebecca , Munoz-Garcia Noemi , Pastoret Cédric , Nakazawa Hideyuki , Oshimi Kazuo , Sokol Lubomir , Ishida Fumihiro , Lamy Thierry , Orfao Alberto , Morice William G. , Loughran Thomas P. , Semenzato Gianpietro , Zambello Renato
Published: September 2022

Tγδ large granular lymphocyte leukemia (LGLL) is a rare variant of T-cell LGLL (T-LGLL) that has been less investigated as compared with the more frequent Tαβ LGLL, particularly in terms of frequency of STAT3 and STAT5b mutations. In this study, we characterized the clinical and biological features of 137 patients affected by Tγδ LGLL; data were retrospectively collected from 1997 to 2020 at 8 referral centers. Neutropenia and anemia were the most relevant clinical features, being present in 54.2% and 49.6% of cases, respectively, including severe neutropenia and anemia in ∼20% of cases each. Among the various treatments, cyclosporine A was shown to provide the best response rates. DNA samples of 97 and 94 cases were available for STAT3 and STAT5b mutation analysis, with 38.1% and 4.2% of cases being mutated, respectively. Clinical and biological features of our series of Tγδ cases were also compared with a recently published Tαβ cohort including 129 cases. Though no differences in STAT3 and STAT5b mutational frequency were found, Tγδ cases more frequently presented with neutropenia (P = .0161), anemia (P < .0001), severe anemia (P = .0065), and thrombocytopenia (P = .0187). Moreover, Vδ2− cases displayed higher frequency of symptomatic disease. Overall, Tγδ cases displayed reduced survival with respect to Tαβ cases (P = .0017). Although there was no difference in STAT3 mutation frequency, our results showed that Tγδ LGLL represents a subset of T-LGLL characterized by more frequent symptoms and reduced survival as compared with Tαβ LGLL.
The end of the beginning: application of single-cell sequencing to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Nagler Adi , Wu Catherine J.
Published: September 2022

Single-cell analysis has emerged over the past decade as a transformative technology informative for the systematic analysis of complex cell populations such as in cancers and the tumor immune microenvironment. The methodologic and analytical advancements in this realm have evolved rapidly, scaling from but a few cells at its outset to the current capabilities of processing and analyzing hundreds of thousands of individual cells at a time. The types of profiling attainable at individual cell resolution now range from genetic and transcriptomic characterization and extend to epigenomic and spatial analysis. Additionally, the increasing ability to achieve multiomic integration of these data layers now yields ever richer insights into diverse molecular disease subtypes and the patterns of cellular circuitry on a per-cancer basis. Over the years, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) consistently has been at the forefront of genomic investigation, given the ready accessibility of pure leukemia cells and immune cells from circulating blood of patients with this disease. Herein, we review the recent forays into the application of single-cell analysis to CLL, which are already revealing a new understanding of the natural progression of CLL, the impact of novel therapies, and the interactions with coevolving nonmalignant immune cell populations. As we emerge from the end of the beginning of this technologic revolution, CLL stands poised to reap the benefits of single-cell analysis from the standpoints of uncovering fresh fundamental biological knowledge and of providing a path to devising regimens of personalized diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring.
EVI1 drives leukemogenesis through aberrant ERG activation
Authors: Schmoellerl Johannes , Barbosa Inês A.M. , Minnich Martina , Andersch Florian , Smeenk Leonie , Havermans Marije , Eder Thomas , Neumann Tobias , Jude Julian , Fellner Michaela , Ebert Anja , Steininger Monika , Delwel Ruud , Grebien Florian , Zuber Johannes
Published: September 2022

Chromosomal rearrangements involving the MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus (MECOM) on chromosome 3q26 define an aggressive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is associated with chemotherapy resistance and dismal prognosis. Established treatment regimens commonly fail in these patients, therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic concepts that will require a better understanding of the molecular and cellular functions of the ecotropic viral integration site 1 (EVI1) oncogene. To characterize gene regulatory functions of EVI1 and associated dependencies in AML, we developed experimentally tractable human and murine disease models, investigated the transcriptional consequences of EVI1 withdrawal in vitro and in vivo, and performed the first genome-wide CRISPR screens in EVI1-dependent AML. By integrating conserved transcriptional targets with genetic dependency data, we identified and characterized the ETS transcription factor ERG as a direct transcriptional target of EVI1 that is aberrantly expressed and selectively required in both human and murine EVI1–driven AML. EVI1 controls the expression of ERG and occupies a conserved intragenic enhancer region in AML cell lines and samples from patients with primary AML. Suppression of ERG induces terminal differentiation of EVI1-driven AML cells, whereas ectopic expression of ERG abrogates their dependence on EVI1, indicating that the major oncogenic functions of EVI1 are mediated through aberrant transcriptional activation of ERG. Interfering with this regulatory axis may provide entry points for the development of rational targeted therapies.
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and risk of death from COVID-19
Authors: Miller Peter G. , Fell Geoffrey G. , Foy Brody H. , Scherer Allison K. , Gibson Christopher J. , Sperling Adam S. , Burugula Bala B. , Nakao Tetsushi , Uddin Md M. , Warren Hailey , Bry Lynn , Pozdnyakova Olga , Frigault Matthew J. , Bick Alex G. , Neuberg Donna , Higgins John M. , Mansour Michael K. , Natarajan Pradeep , Kim Annette S. , Kitzman Jacob O. , Ebert Benjamin L.
Published: September 2022

Two Letters to Blood address the risks of COVID-19 in populations with precursors of hematological disease. In the first article, Miller and colleagues report on whether clonal hematopoiesis of intermediate potential (CHIP) is associated with adverse outcomes with COVID-19, finding no association between CHIP and 28-day mortality while providing data indirectly linking IL-6 signaling and patient outcomes. In the second article, Ho and colleagues investigate the outcomes of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) with COVID-19, reporting that one-fourth had a severe infection and that on multivariable analysis, adverse outcomes are more likely if immunoparesis is present.
Mast cell leukemia: clinical and molecular features and survival outcomes of patients in the ECNM Registry
Authors: Kennedy Vanessa E. , Perkins Cecelia , Reiter Andreas , Jawhar Mohamad , Lübke Johannes , Kluin-Nelemans Hanneke C. , Shomali William , Langford Cheryl , Abuel Justin , Hermine Olivier , Niedoszytko Marek , Gorska Aleksandra , Mital Andrzej , Bonadonna Patrizia , Zanotti Roberta , Tanasi Ilaria , Mattsson Mattias , Hagglund Hans , Triggiani Massimo , Yavuz Akif Selim , Panse Jens , Christen Deborah , Heizmann Marc , Shoumariyeh Khalid , Müller Sabine , Elena Chiara , Malcovati Luca , Fiorelli Nicolas , Wortmann Friederike , Vucinic Vladan , Brockow Knut , Fokoloros Christos , Papageorgiou Sotirios G. , Breynaert Christine , Bullens Dominique , Doubek Michael , Ilerhaus Anja , Angelova-Fischer Irena , Solomianyi Oleksii , Várkonyi Judit , Sabato Vito , Rüfer Axel , Schug Tanja Daniela , Hermans Maud A. W. , Fortina Anna Belloni , Caroppo Francesca , Bumbea Horia , Gulen Theo , Hartmann Karin , Elberink Hanneke Oude , Schwaab Juliana , Arock Michel , Valent Peter , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Gotlib Jason
Published: September 2022

Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is a rare subtype of systemic mastocytosis defined by ≥20% mast cells (MC) on a bone marrow aspirate. We evaluated 92 patients with MCL from the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis registry. Thirty-one (34%) patients had a diagnosis of MCL with an associated hematologic neoplasm (MCL-AHN). Chronic MCL (lack of C-findings) comprised 14% of patients, and only 4.5% had “leukemic MCL” (≥10% circulating MCs). KIT D816V was found in 62/85 (73%) evaluable patients; 9 (11%) individuals exhibited alternative KIT mutations, and no KIT variants were detected in 14 (17%) subjects. Ten evaluable patients (17%) had an abnormal karyotype and the poor-risk SRSF2, ASXL1, and RUNX1 (S/A/R) mutations were identified in 16/36 (44%) patients who underwent next-generation sequencing. Midostaurin was the most common therapy administered to 65% of patients and 45% as first-line therapy. The median overall survival (OS) was 1.6 years. In multivariate analysis (S/A/R mutations excluded owing to low event rates), a diagnosis of MCL-AHN (hazard ratio [HR], 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-13.0; P = .001) and abnormal karyotype (HR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.4-13.3; P = .02) were associated with inferior OS; KIT D816V positivity (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11-0.98; P = .04) and midostaurin treatment (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.08-0.72; P = .008) were associated with superior OS. These data provide the most comprehensive snapshot of the clinicopathologic, molecular, and treatment landscape of MCL to date, and should help further inform subtyping and prognostication of MCL.
KDELR2-KIF20A axis facilitates bladder cancer growth and metastasis by enhancing Golgi-mediated secretion
Authors: Meng Xiangui , Li Weiquan , Yuan Hongwei , Dong Wei , Xiao Wen , Zhang Xiaoping
Published: September 2022

Background

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a fatal form of cancer worldwide associated with a poor prognosis. Identifying novel drivers of growth and metastasis hold therapeutic potential for the disease. Transport homeostasis between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi and the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) mediated by Golgi have been reported to be closely associated with tumor progression. However, to date, mechanistic studies remain limited.

Results

Here, we identified KDELR2 as a potential risk factor with prognostic value in patients with BCa, especially those harbouring the KDELR2 amplification. In addition, we found that KDELR2 is a regulator of BCa cell proliferation and tumorigenicity based on bioinformatic analysis with functional studies. Mechanistically, we revealed that KDELR2 could regulate the expression of KIF20A, thus stimulating the expression of MMP2, MMP9 and MKI67. Functionally, the overexpression of KDELR2 and KIF20A markedly promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and enhanced tumor growth in vivo, while knockdown of KDELR2 and KIF20A exerted the opposite effects. And the overexpression of KDELR2 also enhanced lymph node metastasis in vivo.

Conclusions

Collectively, our findings clarified a hitherto unexplored mechanism of KDELR2-KIF20A axis in increasing Golgi-mediated secretion of MMPs to drive tumor progression in BCa.
Overexpression of cotton GhNAC072 gene enhances drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis
Authors: Mehari Teame Gereziher , Hou Yuqing , Xu Yanchao , Umer Muhammad Jawad , Shiraku Margaret Linyerera , Wang Yuhong , Wang Heng , Peng Renhai , Wei Yangyang , Cai Xiaoyan , Zhou Zhongli , Liu Fang
Published: September 2022

Background

Crops face several environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic), thus resulting in severe yield losses. Around the globe abiotic stresses are the main contributors of plant damages, primarily drought and salinity. Many genes and transcription factors are involved in abiotic and biotic stress responses. NAC TF (Transcription Factors) improves tolerance to stresses by controlling the physiological and enzyme activities of crops.

Results

In current research, GhNAC072 a highly upregulated TF in RNA-Seq was identified as a hub gene in the co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). This gene was transformed to Arabidopsis thaliana to confirm its potential role in drought and salt stress tolerance. Significant variations were observed in the morpho-physiological traits with high relative leaf water contents, chlorophyll contents, higher germination and longer root lengths of the overexpressed lines and low excised leaf loss and ion leakage as compared to the wildtype plants. Besides, overexpressed lines have higher amounts of antioxidants and low oxidant enzyme activities than the wildtype during the period of stress exposure.

Conclusions

In summary, the above analysis showed that GhNAC072 might be the true candidate involved in boosting tolerance mechanisms under drought and salinity stress.
Metformin reverse minocycline to inhibit minocycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by destroy the outer membrane and enhance membrane potential in vitro
Authors: Guo Tingting , Sun Xiaoli , Yang Jie , Yang Liying , Li Mengying , Wang Yuhang , Jiao Hongmei , Li Guocai
Published: September 2022

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an opportunistic pathogen and has emerged as one of the most troublesome pathogens. Drug resistance in A. baumannii has been reported on a global scale. Minocycline was found to be active against multi-drug resistant A. baumannii and was approved by the FDA for the infections caused by sensitive strains of A. baumannii. However, the emergence of minocycline resistance and its toxic effects still need to be addressed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effects of metformin combined with minocycline on minocycline-resistant A. baumannii.

Results

The effect of metformin on the antibacterial activity of minocycline was determined by checkerboard and time-killing assay. Further, it was observed by biofilm formation assay that metformin combination with minocycline can inhibit the formation of biofilm. Outer membrane integrity, membrane permeability, membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were monitored to explore the underlying synergistic mechanisms of metformin on minocycline. And the results shown that metformin can destroy the outer membrane of A. baumannii, enhance its membrane potential, but does not affect the membrane permeability and ROS.

Conclusion

These findings suggested that the combination of metformin and minocycline has the potential for rejuvenating the activity of minocycline against minocycline-resistant A. baumannii.
Alleviation of iron deficiency in pear by ammonium nitrate and nitric oxide
Authors: Liu Jianlong , Wang Jinzhu , Wang Zidong , Li Min , Liang Chenglin , Yang Yingjie , Li Dingli , Wang Ran
Published: September 2022

Background

Iron is essential for the growth and development of trace elements in plants, and iron deficiency can lead to leaf chlorosis. Ammonium and nitrate are the major forms of nitrogen present in soils. Ammonium nitrate alleviates the chlorosis of leaves caused by iron deficiency, but the mechanism is not clear in pear.

Results

Ammonium nitrate induced the increase of nitric oxide (NO) under iron deficiency. We further analyzed the effect of NO by exogenous NO treatment. The results showed that ammonium nitrate and NO increased the activity of ferric chelate reductase. NO induced the expression of multiple IRT genes and promoted the transmembrane transport of irons. Ammonium nitrate and NO promoted the activity of nitrogen assimilation-related enzymes and the nitrogen absorption capacity, and they also increased glutamine synthetase activity. Finally, ammonium nitrate and NO increased chlorophyll synthesis, with subsequent increase in the photosynthetic capacity of plants and accumulation of biomass.

Conclusion

Ammonium nitrate indirectly alleviates the symptoms of plant yellowing by promoting the increase of NO, which increases the response of iron transporters. Both substances increase the nitrogen accumulation in plants. This study demonstrates a new option for minimizing Fe deficiency by regulating the balance between nutrients.
The contribution of functional cognition screening during acute illness hospitalization of older adults in predicting participation in daily life after discharge
Authors: Arieli Maya , Agmon Maayan , Gil Efrat , Kizony Rachel
Published: September 2022

Background

Cognitive assessment in acutely hospitalized older adults is mainly limited to neuropsychological screening measures of global cognition. Performance-based assessments of functional cognition better indicate functioning in real-life situations. However, their predictive validity has been less studied in acute hospital settings. The aim of this study was to explore the unique contribution of functional cognition screening during acute illness hospitalization in predicting participation of older adults one and three months after discharge beyond traditional neuropsychological measures.

Methods

This prospective longitudinal study included 84 older adults ≥ 65 years hospitalized in internal medicine wards due to acute illness, followed by home visits at one month and telephone interviews at three months (n = 77). Participation in instrumental activities of daily living, social and leisure activities was measured by the Activity Card Sort. In-hospital factors included cognitive status (telephone version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Color Trails Test), functional cognition screening (medication sorting task from the alternative Executive Function Performance Test), emotional status (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale), functional decline during hospitalization (modified Barthel index), length of hospital stay, the severity of the acute illness, symptoms severity and comorbidities.

Results

Functional cognition outperformed the neuropsychological measures in predicting participation declines in a sample of relatively high-functioning older adults. According to a hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis, the overall model explained 28.4% of the variance in participation after one month and 19.5% after three months. Age and gender explained 18.6% of the variance after one month and 13.5% after three months. The medication sorting task explained an additional 5.5% of the variance of participation after one month and 5.1% after three months, beyond age and gender. Length of stay and the Color Trails Test were not significant contributors to the change in participation.

Conclusions

By incorporating functional cognition into acute settings, healthcare professionals would be able to better detect older adults with mild executive dysfunctions who are at risk for participation declines. Early identification of executive dysfunctions can improve continuity of care and planning of tailored post-discharge rehabilitation services, especially for high-functioning older adults, a mostly overlooked population in acute settings. The results support the use of functional cognition screening measure of medication management ability in acute settings.
Association between multimorbidity trajectories and incident disability among mid to older age adults: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Shi Zaixing , Zhang Zeyun , Shi Kanglin , Yu Bohan , Jiang Zhongquan , Yang Li , Lin Jianlin , Fang Ya
Published: September 2022

Background

Although multimorbidity is a risk factor for disability, the relationship between the accumulative patterns of multimorbidity and disability remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify the latent groups of multimorbidity trajectories among mid to older age adults and to examine their associations with incident disability.

Methods

We included 5,548 participants aged ≥ 45 years who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2018 and had no multimorbidity (≥ 2 chronic conditions) at baseline. The group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to identify distinct trajectory groups of multimorbidity based on the latent dimensions underlying 13 chronic conditions. The association between multimorbidity trajectories and incident disability was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation model adjusting for potential confounders.

Results

Of the 5,548 participants included in the current analysis, 2,407 (43.39%) developed multimorbidity during the follow-up. Among participants with new-onset multimorbidity, four trajectory groups were identified according to the combination of newly diagnosed diseases: “Cardiometabolic” (N = 821, 34.11%), “Digestive-arthritic” (N = 753, 31.28%), “Cardiometabolic/Brain” (N = 618, 25.68%), and “Respiratory” (N = 215, 8.93%). Compared to participants who did not develop multimorbidity, the risk of incident disability was most significantly increased in the “Cardiometabolic/Brain” trajectory group (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.55–2.70), followed by the “Cardiometabolic” (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.52 –2.53) and “Digestive-arthritic” (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.31–2.20) trajectory groups.

Conclusions

The growing burden of multimorbidity, especially the comorbid of cardiometabolic and brain diseases, may be associated with a significantly increased risk of disability for mid to older age adults. These findings improve our understanding of multimorbidity patterns that affect the independence of living and inform the development of strategies for the primary prevention of disability.
Determinants of quality of life among people with dementia: evidence from a South Asian population
Authors: Jayakody Surangi , Arambepola Carukshi
Published: September 2022

Background

Dementia has become a public health priority along with population aging worldwide. Owing to its chronic progressive nature in the absence of a cure, maintaining the best possible quality of life (QOL) has become the desired outcome for people with dementia (PWD).

Aim

The current study aimed to determine the factors associated with ‘good QOL’ in people with dementia in the Sri Lankan setting.

Methods

An unmatched case–control study was conducted to identify the factors associated with ‘good QoL. Cases in the study included dementia patients having ‘good’ QOL, whereas controls were those having ‘poor’ or ‘average’ QOL. Both cases and controls were selected from the same patient base at a premier tertiary care state hospital in Colombo District, Sri Lanka. They were identified using the validated DEMQOL (Dementia Specific Quality of Life) tool, adhering to strict eligibility criteria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assess the associated factors. Bivariate analysis followed by logistic regression modelling determined the associated factors for ‘good QOL’ adjusted for confounders using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

The study sample consisted of 64 cases and 208 controls. After adjusting for confounders, education up to GCE O/Level and above (OR = 4.02; 95% CI = 2.97, 12.0), ever employed (OR = 3.21; 95% CI = 1.59, 11.06), good social functioning (OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 3.39, 16.46), mild functional impairment (OR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.13, 9.67), little or no caregiver burden (OR = 2.96; 95% CI = 1.86, 10.94), absence of apathy (OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.27, 12.48) and absence of irritability (OR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.72, 10.34) were found to be significantly associated with ‘good QOL’. 60% of the variance of ‘good’ QOL among PWD was explained by the factors in the final model.

Conclusions and recommendations

The identified determinants of ‘good QOL’ clearly show how the QOL improvement interventions need to be planned. Accordingly, such programmes should be primarily focused on strategies to improve PWDs' ADL (Activities of Daily living), reduce and manage neuropsychiatric symptoms effectively and to promote activities enhancing social functioning, and plan programmes to address caregiver burden.
Relationship between active Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Sub-Saharan setting
Authors: Tali Lionel Danny Nguefak , Faujo Ghislaine Florice Nintewoue , Konang Justine Laure Nguieguia , Dzoyem Jean Paul , Kouitcheu Laure Brigitte Mabeku
Published: September 2022

Background

Chronic inflammation has been reported as one of the novel coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Knowing thatHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) provokes a local inflammation, the relationship betweenH. pyloriinfection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention. However, the attempt to demonstrate the association betweenH. pyloriand specific cardiovascular disease risk factors is always a challenging issue due to the conflicting reports in the literatures.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional study of 363 consecutive dyspeptic subjects in three reference health facilities in Cameroon from October 2020 to October 2021. Each participation gave a written consent and the study was approved by the local Ethical Committee. Check-up for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia-related parameters, obesity-related parameter, high blood pressure as well asH. pyloridetection was done for each participant. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package.

Results

Helicobacter pyloriinfection was significantly associated with higher total cholesterol level (OR: 2.3324, p = 0.0002) and higher LDL cholesterol level (OR: 2.3096, p = 0.0006). The crude OR ofH. pyloristatus on the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) was 1.0813 (p = 0.7300) and the adjusted OR for confounding factors was 1.1785 (p = 0.5095). The strength of the association betweenH. pyloriinfection and blood pressure, shows an OR of 1.3807 (p = 0.2991), 1.0060 (p = 0.9855) and 1.4646 (p = 0.2694) for diastolic pressure, hypertension and high heart rate respectively, while that of systolic pressure was 0.8135 (p = 0.4952).H. pyloriinfection is associated with dyslipidemia in our milieu.
Endovascular recanalization of acute ischemic stroke patients exhibiting large vessel occlusion after pulmonary lobectomy: case series
Authors: Ji Renjie , Xu Ziqi , Chen Hanfeng , Luo Benyan
Published: September 2022

Objective

We analyzed the outcomes of patients suffering acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion (LVO) soon after pulmonary lobectomy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy to treat primary lung cancer. We retrieved clinical characteristics and the incidence of AIS with LVO. The clinical courses of patients who experienced AIS were reviewed.

Results

In 10 (0.3%) of 3406 patients, AIS with LVO developed soon (within 3 days) after pulmonary lobectomy. The lung resection site was on the left in eight patients (80%). All patients underwent thrombectomy and achieved complete recanalization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [TICI] 3). The average time between symptom onset and recanalization was 165.5 min. Nine (90%) patients exhibited favorable outcomes (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score ≤ 2) at the 3-month follow-up.

Conclusion

Endovascular therapy effectively treats AIS with LVO that develops after lung surgery, and direct aspiration is a promising strategy. A large, multicenter study is warranted to further confirm these findings.
A case of novel DYT6 dystonia variant with serious complications after deep brain stimulation therapy: a case report
Authors: Grofik M. , Cibulka M. , Olekšáková J. , Turčanová Koprušáková M. , Galanda T. , Necpál J. , Jungová P. , Kurča E. , Winkelmann J , Zech M. , Jech R.
Published: September 2022

Background

DYT6 dystonia belongs to a group of isolated, genetically determined, generalized dystonia associated with mutations in the THAP1 gene.

Case presentation

We present the case of a young patient with DYT6 dystonia associated with a newly discovered c14G>A (p.Cys5Tyr) mutation in the THAP1 gene. We describe the clinical phenotype of this new mutation, effect of pallidal deep brain stimulation (DBS), which was accompanied by two rare postimplantation complications: an early intracerebral hemorrhage and delayed epileptic seizures. Among the published case reports of patients with DYT6 dystonia, the mentioned complications have not been described so far.

Conclusions

DBS in the case of DYT6 dystonia is a challenge to thoroughly consider possible therapeutic benefits and potential risks associated with surgery. Genetic heterogeneity of the disease may also play an important role in predicting the development of the clinical phenotype as well as the effect of treatment including DBS. Therefore, it is beneficial to analyze the genetic and clinical relationships of DYT6 dystonia.
Intrinsic immune evasion patterns predict temozolomide sensitivity and immunotherapy response in lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Tu Zewei , Ji Qiankun , Han Qing , Long Xiaoyan , Li Jingying , Wu Lei , Huang Kai , Zhu Xingen
Published: September 2022

Background

Although intrinsic immune-evasion is important in cancer proliferation, metastasis and response to treatment, it is unclear whether intrinsic immune-evasion patterns of gliomas can aid in predicting clinical prognosis and determining treatment.

Methods

A total of 182 immune-evasion genes intrinsic to cancer were subjected to consensus clustering to identify immune-evasion patterns in 1421 patients with lower-grade glioma (LGG). The levels of each cancer hallmark were determined by the Gene Set Variant Analysis (GSVA) method, and immune cell infiltrations were quantified using two algorithms, the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and the Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) methods. IEVscore was determined by a method that combined univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and principal component analysis (PCA).

Results

Transcriptional and genomic analysis showed that most immune evasion genes (IEVGs) were upregulated in LGGs, with aberrant expression driven by alterations in copy number variants (CNV). Based on the mRNA expression profiles of cancer-intrinsic IEVGs could be divided into three LGG subgroups with distinct prognosis, clinicopathological features and immune infiltrations. A combined scoring scheme designed to assess the immune-evasion levels of LGGs divided these 1421 patients into two subgroups that differed in IEVscores. LGG patients with low-IEVscore had a better prognosis, would be more likely to benefit from immune check-point inhibitors and would be more susceptible to temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy.

Conclusion

Intrinsic immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has a crucial effect on glioma formation. Quantitatively assessing the IEV scores of individual LGG patients could enhance knowledge about the intra-glioma microenvironment and lead to the development of individualized therapeutic strategies for patients with LGG.
Incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity in premature, extremely low birth weight and extremely low gestational age infants
Authors: Yucel Ozlem Eski , Eraydin Bilge , Niyaz Leyla , Terzi Ozlem
Published: September 2022

Background

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature, extremely low birth weight (BW, ELBW) and extremely low gestational age (GA, ELGA) infants.

Methods

The medical records of preterm infants who were screened for ROP between January 2012 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Only one eye of each infant with higher grade ROP was included in the study. BW; GA; medical characteristics; the presence, severity, and need for treatment of ROP were recorded. Infants were divided into groups according to BW (≤1000 g, 1001-1750 g, > 1750 g) and GA (≤25w, 26-28w, 29-31w, 32-34w, ≥35w) and data were analyzed.

Results

Data of 2186 infants were evaluated. The overall incidences of any stage ROP and ROP requiring treatment were 43.5 and 8.0%, respectively. These rates were 81.1 and 23.9% in ELBW (≤1000 g) infants and were 92.9 and 64.3% in ELGA (≤25w) infants, respectively. The rates of ROP, the median duration of oxygen therapy and systemic diseases increased significantly as BW and GA decreased. The median duration of oxygen therapy and the rates of sepsis, pulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were statistically higher in infants with ROP compared to those without ROP (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that low BW and GA; prolonged duration of oxygen therapy; presence of PDA and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were important risk factors for ROP.

Conclusions

ELBW and ELGA infants develop higher rates of ROP and severe ROP. Prolonged duration of oxygen therapy, the presence of concomitant neonatal sepsis, BPD, IVH, PDA, and NEC further increases the risk of ROP.
Implementation of a provider-focused intervention for maximizing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in young cancer survivors receiving follow-up care in pediatric oncology practices: protocol for a cluster-randomized trial of the HPV PROTECT intervention
Authors: Landier Wendy , Bhatia Smita , Richman Joshua S. , Campos Gonzalez Paula D. , Cherven Brooke , Chollette Veronica , Aye Jamie , Castellino Sharon M. , Gramatges Maria M. , Lindemulder Susan , Russell Thomas B. , Turcotte Lucie M. , Colditz Graham A. , Gilkey Melissa B. , Klosky James L.
Published: September 2022

Background

Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk for developing new cancers (such as cervical and anal cancer) caused by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV vaccination is effective in preventing the infections that lead to these cancers, but HPV vaccine uptake is low among young cancer survivors. Lack of a healthcare provider recommendation is the most common reason that cancer survivors fail to initiate the HPV vaccine. Strategies that are most successful in increasing HPV vaccine uptake in the general population focus on enhancing healthcare provider skills to effectively recommend the vaccine, and reducing barriers faced by the young people and their parents in receiving the vaccine. This study will evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of an evidence-based healthcare provider-focused intervention (HPV PROTECT) adapted for use in pediatric oncology clinics, to increase HPV vaccine uptake among cancer survivors 9 to 17 years of age.

Methods

This study uses a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation approach. We will test the effectiveness of the HPV PROTECT intervention using a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial across a multi-state sample of pediatric oncology clinics. We will evaluate implementation (provider perspectives regarding intervention feasibility, acceptability and appropriateness in the pediatric oncology setting, provider fidelity to intervention components and change in provider HPV vaccine-related knowledge and practices [e.g., providing vaccine recommendations, identifying and reducing barriers to vaccination]) using a mixed methods approach.

Discussion

This multisite trial will address important gaps in knowledge relevant to the prevention of HPV-related malignancies in young cancer survivors by testing the effectiveness of an evidence-based provider-directed intervention, adapted for the pediatric oncology setting, to increase HPV vaccine initiation in young cancer survivors receiving care in pediatric oncology clinics, and by procuring information regarding intervention delivery to inform future implementation efforts. If proven effective, HPV PROTECT will be readily disseminable for testing in the larger pediatric oncology community to increase HPV vaccine uptake in cancer survivors, facilitating protection against HPV-related morbidities for this vulnerable population.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04469569, prospectively registered on July 14, 2020.