bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Presenting with Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Usman Ghazala
Published: December 2019

Background: Recent evidence states that about a quarter of all diabetic patients will experience an ulcer on foot at some point in their lifetime and 15-25% of these will require foot amputation. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients presenting with Diabetic foot ulcer.

Methods: The present study was carried out at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Sindh from February-August 2017. Over 100 Type 2 - DM patients, aged between 35-60 years who presented with diabetic foot ulcer took part in this study. Data was collected and documented in pre-approved pro-forma, subsequently, entered and analyzed via SPSS version 19. Chi-square was applied to test any significant difference between the categories with a p-value of ≤0.05 considered as significant.

Results: The mean serum creatinine (mg/dl) value was reported to be 1.17 ± 0.45. Frequency of CKD in Type 2 - DM patients presenting with diabetic foot ulcer was 31%. Male gender was affected more from CKD. Frequency distribution of chronic kidney disease among duration of DM groups 10-15 years = 35.5% and >15 years = 64.5%. The characteristics of HbA1c (g/dl) of study population was 8.34 ± 0.59.

Conclusion: Occurrence of CKD in Type 2 - DM patients presenting with diabetic foot ulcer was much higher as compared to national and international studies. Therefore, special attention should be given on regular screening of diabetic patients with a complaint of a foot ulcer.
Uterine Exteriorization vs. In situ Repair of Cesarean Section: A Comparative Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kumari Reeta
Published: December 2019

Background: Exteriorization, a valuable repair of uterus technique during cesarean section, requires removal of uterus temporarily from the abdominal cavity to repair the incision. The objective of this study was to compare the postoperative symptoms of intra-abdominal to extra-abdominal repair of the uterine incision during caesarean procedure.

Methods: A quasi experimental study done in the Obstetrics and Gynecology unit of Ziauddin University Hospital, Kamari and Clifton Campus, Karachi from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2017. A total of 190 patients were divided into two groups (95 patients in each). In group A Uterine incision was closed extra abdominally and in Group B the closure was done intra-abdominally. The rate of nausea, vomiting, hospital stay, wound infection, fever, returns of bowel sounds, blood loss, and uterine trauma was measured between the two groups. Statistical analyses were done by applying independent sample t-test and chi-square tests.

Results: Exteriorization was better option above age 35 years and elective cesarean section(C/S) patients with less Intensity of pain and hospital stay (3 days) but the results were not statistically significant. Caesarean Section, hemoglobin both pre and post-operative, blood transfusion, the return of bowel sound after surgery, surgical site infection and uterine trauma between the two groups showed no significant difference.
Conclusion: The postoperative management of Exteriorization was better compared to intra-abdominal repair but the results were not significant. Exteriorization is an easy, convenient and valid option without complications and can be used especially in cases where difficulty in visualization of uterine scar and hemostasis is at stake.
High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wasim Ambreen
Published: December 2019

Background: The prevalence of high-risk Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) in cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) varies widely. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of all high-risk HPV by meta-analysis with specific emphasis on HPV type 16/18.

Methods: The studies were retrieved from PubMed and MEDLINE to conduct a comprehensive literature review on HPV detection in OSCC. Search terms included, High-risk HPV, oral cancer, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ hybridization (ISH). We reviewed 47 research studies systematically to report the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection in oral cancer. Included studies published from 1988 to 2018. The meta-analysis was carried out by using MedCalc software version 19.0.3.

Results: A meta-analysis was executed to calculate the pooled prevalence of High-risk HPV types, which revealed overall decreasing order frequency of high-risk HPV and high-risk type displaying the highest number of type16/18 HPV in the reported cases. As 30.71% [24.59 to 37.19 % confidence interval (CI) at 95%] and 28.88 % [22.62 to 35.57% confidence interval (CI) at 95%] followed by other high-risk HPV 3.59% [2.22 to 5.46%] respectively.

Conclusions: According to present meta-analysis, we conclude that 16/18 HPV displaying maximum infection rate as compared to other high-risk HPV type in OSCC cases.
Expression of Salivary Resistin may Indicate Progression in Oral Pre-Malignant Lesions
Authors: Roghay Shafaq Saeed
Published: December 2019

Resistin is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, expressed by cells of the immune-inflammatory cells. Levels of this cytokine were significantly increased in premalignant oral lesion tissues. “The association between inflammation and tumorigenesis is well established and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) links these two processes. EMT is a reversible process during embryonic development and is involved in organ fibrosis, tissue regeneration, wound healing and cancer progression. EMT endows cancer cells with enhanced abilities for migration, invasion and resistance to chemotherapy”. Resistin plays an important role in innate defense mechanisms. The immune-inflammatory response against microbes is caused by local tissue destruction, which is an attempt to wall off infection, and produces pro-inflammatory mediators such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Interleukin IL 1, IL 6, etc. Resistin’s role was strongly suggested in inflammation by TNF-α, IL-1β, 6 and lipopolysaccharide, by increasing its expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The process of inflammation may enable cancer cell to metastasize by encouraging mesenchymal properties and cancer cell stemness. The objective of this review was to assess potential early biomarkers of malignant transformation such as biomarkers that could assist in early diagnosis of individuals at high risk. The data was collected through a comprehensive search using the keywords, “Oral Pre-malignant Lesions, Resistin, Saliva, Tumorigenesis” from Medline and Google Scholar, from 2000 to 2019.
Materials and Techniques for Veneering Anterior Teeth Using Composite Restoratives
Authors: Baloch Haroon Rashid
Published: December 2019

Teeth veneering using composite resins are a conservative approach to improve aesthetics of patient. Due to the advancements in material science and improved clinical techniques, it has been made possible to meet the aesthetic needs of the patient. Ceramic-based laminate veneers are very popular to improve the patients smile and newer materials such as zirconia are now being used to fabricate restorations to achieve desirable results. Restoring teeth using conventional techniques i.e. crowns is a very popular method however; may require elective endodontic therapy, which may result in additional loss of tooth structure and could contribute to increased clinical costs. Adhesive dentistry allows us to replicate of the originality of the teeth and preservation of almost all dental tissues. Adhesive dentistry has seen many progresses during the last decade. In the light of least-invasive dentistry, this approach for restorting teeth has allowed the clinicians to perform much more conservative cavity design preparations. The technique relies upon the effectiveness of current enamel-dentine adhesives that have undergone many advances themselves. Indirect techniques as compared to direct techniques offer several advantages and when used effectively, results in better patient satisfaction. The short descriptive review focuses on composite veneering materials, which may be used directly or indirectly, to achieve better aesthetic outcomes. The data was collected through a comprehensive search using the keywords, “Aesthetic Dentistry; Adhesive Dentistry; Composites; Veneering” from PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar, from 2000 to 2019.
Interpretation of Electrocardiogram and Emergency Management of Myocardial Infarction: A Survey among Doctors
Authors: Ahmad Farah
Published: December 2019

Background: A virtuous understanding of Electrocardiogram is an indispensable ability and essential skill required in doctors. This study assessed the understanding of the electrocardiogram and acute management of myocardial infarction among emergency doctors, general practitioners, medical officers, house officers and postgraduate students.

Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted for 7 months on n=312 doctors working in tertiary care public and private hospitals and as General practitioners in Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling technique was used. Participants were asked to interpret a 12 lead electrocardiogram attached to questionnaire and write down their findings and diagnoses. They were then asked about its acute management. ANOVA and Chi square was applied for making inferences from the acquired data. p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Approval was taken from the Ethical Review board.

Results: Knowledge was assessed on basis of designation, 84.6% of the emergency doctors correctly interpreted the ECG while 75.4% of general physicians read it correctly. House officers and medical officers had the lowest scores in ECG interpretation. Years of experience demonstrated inverse results with >5 years experience at the lowest scores for interpretation of ECG and MI management. Interpretation scores of ECG were significantly high (p value 0.03) in participants who attended workshops compared to those who didn’t.

Conclusion: Emergency doctors had better scores when it comes to ECG interpretation and management of MI. Frequent workshops and cardiology rotations should be mandatory for health care professionals to improve essential skill and knowledge of acute management of myocardial infarction.
Awareness of Health Policies and Risks Regarding Tobacco Smoking Among School Teachers in Pakistan
Authors: Farooq Wasfa
Published: December 2019

Background: The phenomenon of smoking among schoolchildren has been observed to stem from lenient attitudes of teachers towards smoking. Smoking, a health hazard, proven over years of research, leads to increase in morbidity and mortality rates. This study determined the role of school policies and teacher attitudes towards the perception and adoption of smoking habits by students of private and public schools.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study in which 632 school personnel in various private and public schools of South Karachi filled a questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained from all participants; ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of JPMC before the study was conducted. Data was collected via survey forms after consent from individuals. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v.17.

Results: The prevalence of teacher smoking within school premises was found to be 8.8% and 5.9% in private and public sectors, respectively. A significant difference was found between the school policies enforced in private and government schools against personnel found smoking (p=0.00016). Even though private school personnel smoked more in school premises than government but 32.6% of private school teachers felt responsible for teaching about health compared to only 21.5% public school teachers (p=0.0072).

Conclusion: There is a pressing need for awareness and education of teachers regarding their attitude towards smoking on school grounds and its significant link with students adopting smoking. Other exposures and risk factors influencing student tobacco usage needs to be studied in more depth.
An Unusual Case of Mixed Mycetoma by Actinomycete and Aspergillus Species
Authors: Mallick Yousuf Abd
Published: December 2019

Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous infection of skin and subcutaneous tissues. It is a neglected disease worldwide with severe physical and psychological consequences as many cases end up with amputation. Proper diagnosis with tissue culture is the cornerstone in management of these cases. Mycetoma can occur anywhere on body but feet are the most commonly reported affected part. Walking bare foot is the main predisposing factor. Delay in diagnosis, lack of expertise and diagnostic facilities in remote areas, poor patient compliance, and resistant nature of almost all the causative organisms contribute towards the difficulty index in the management of mycetoma cases. Mycetoma is caused by either fungi or actinomycetes with a very similar clinical presentation. Mixed infection with both is a rarity. This is a case report of mixed mycetoma caused by actinomycetes and fungi both, and author’s experience is shared to manage this difficult and unusual case.
Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan
Authors: Nishat Dur-e-
Published: December 2019

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career.

Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification.

Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51).

Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.
ВИМОГИ ЩОДО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ ФАКТОРІВ ПРИ ВПРОВА-ДЖЕННІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ФОТОЕНЕРГЕТИКИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Rieztsov V. , Surzhyk T. , Pundiev V. , Shevchuk V. , Kyrnas L. , Sheiko I.
Published: December 2019

В статті подано детальний поетапний аналіз всього циклу створення та функціонування фотоелектричних станцій в Україні з прив’язкою його до вимог щодо дотримання та забезпечення екології та охорони навколишнього природного середовища. Проаналізовано всі основні етапи, починаючи з того, на яких землях можна розміщувати фотоелектричні станції, яке обладнання необхідно переважно використовувати, як доцільно експлуатувати ці станції та закінчуючи виведенням їх з експлуатації та утилізацією складових частин станцій і рекультивацією території. Тут також досконально опрацьовано нормативно-правову та рекомендаційну документацію, що є та діє в Україні за екологічною та природоохоронною направленістю.  При цьому враховано також і прогнозування екологічних ризиків, проведення державного моніторингу навколишнього природного середовища, врахування віддалених екологічних наслідків, щоб вплив діяльності людини на довкілля, технологічне навантаження на природне середовище були мінімальними. На основі проведеного аналізу нормативно-правової та рекомендаційної документації з екологічної та природоохоронної проблематики та її дотримання з прив’язкою до фотоелектричних станцій, що є обов’язковим за умови проектування, будівництва та експлуатації ФЕС, розроблено методичні рекомендації «Комплексні заходи та рекомендації зі зменшення впливу фотоелектричних станцій на довкілля». Бібл. 4, табл. 1.
К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ПЕНЗЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Nikiforova E.N. , Rassypnova Yu.Yu. , Guryanova N.M.
Published: December 2019

В статье представлен материал по проблеме воспроизводства земельных ресурсов Пензенской области, основные аспекты которых сегодня являются ключевыми и входят в качестве приоритетных направлений реализации ряда государственных программ и иных законодательных актов. Авторами затрагивается проблема распределения земель сельскохозяйственного назначения по различным формам собственности и по угодьям. Система воспроизводства земельных ресурсов строится на интеграции правового, организационного, учетного, функционального аспектов и контроле за целевым их использованием. Эффективность данной системы выражается в результативных показателях: урожайность сельскохозяйственных культур, валовой сбор, бонитет почвы. В качестве сравнительных характеристик процесса воспроизводства могут использоваться и относительные переменные: объем производства продукции в расчете на один балл бонитета почвы или на рубль кадастровой стоимости земли.

The article presents material on the problem of the reproduction of land resources in Penza region, the main aspects of which are essential today and which are included as priority areas for the implementation of a number of state programs and other legislative acts. The problem of the distribution of agricultural land by various forms of ownership and by land is discussed. The system of reproduction of land resources is based on the integration of legal, organizational, accounting, functional aspects and control over their intended use. The effectiveness of this system is expressed in effective indicators: crop productivity, gross yield, soil bonitet. Relative variables can also be used as comparative characteristics of the reproduction process: the volume of production per one point of soil bonitet or per ruble of the cadastral value of land.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УБОРКИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР
Authors: Konoshin I.V. , Bulavintsev R.A. , Volzhentsev A.V. , Mikhailov M.R. , Zvekov A.V.
Published: December 2019

Уборка урожая, в том числе и зерновых культур, наиболее ответственный и ресурсозатратный этап производства продукции растениеводства. Поэтому решение вопросов по совершенствованию технологии уборки зерновых культур на данный момент является актуальной тематикой. Целью представленных в статье исследований является повышение эффективности технологии уборки зерновых культур за счет увеличения основного (оперативного) времени работы зерноуборочной техники без кардинального изменения ее конструкции и состава. Результатом проведенных исследований является аналитическое, теоретическое и практическое обоснование эффективности применения в технологии уборки зерновых культур безостановочной выгрузки комбайна в транспортные средства, что позволит, в зависимости от вида и урожайности культуры: - увеличить основное время работы TО в среднем на 14-14,7 - обеспечить исключение или устранение участков с неравномерным распределением измельченной соломы. В перспективе безостановочная выгрузка комбайна может быть рекомендована к использованию при эксплуатации беспилотных комбайнов.

Harvesting crops, including cereals, is the most responsible and resource-consuming stage of crop production. Therefore, the solution of issues on improving the technology of harvesting grain crops is an urgent topic currently. The aim of the research presented in the article was to increase the efficiency of the technology of harvesting grain crops by increasing the main (operational) time of work of grain harvesting equipment without a fundamental change in its design and composition. The result of the research is an analytical, theoretical and practical substantiation of the effectiveness of the use of non-stop unloading of the combine harvester in vehicles in the technology of harvesting grain crops, which will allow, depending on the type and yield of the crop: - to increase the main operating time TО on average by 14-14.7 - to ensure that the areas with an uneven distribution of crushed straw are excluded. In the future, non-stop unloading of the combine may be recommended for use during operation of driverless combines.
Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia Dan Nilai Gizi Ekstrak Air Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.) Sebagai Pengawet Alami Mie Basah
Authors: Rachmawati Siti Rahayu , Suriawati Junie
Published: December 2019

Moringa leaves or referred to Moringa oleifera Lam. are belong to the Moringaceae tribe. This plant is reported to have antibacterial activity and high nutritional value. To be used as an active ingredient in food preparations, it needs to be made in the form of extracts. The study aims to determine the characteristics of Moringa leaf water extract. In this study, Moringa leaves were extracted with a water solvent. Chemical characterization of Moringa leaf extract includes qualitative phytochemical tests and nutritional values ​​(water content, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate). Whereas in microbiology, they include microbial contamination (Total Plate Count and Total Yeast and Mold Count). The results of characterization testing of the extracts showed that the water extract of Moringa leaves contain active compounds: flavonoids, phenols, triterpenoids/steroids, saponins, and tannins. Microbial contamination contained in the water extract of Moringa leaves are Total Plate Count value of 0 colonies/g and Mold/Yeast count value of 0 colonies/g and contain nutritional values such as water (75.85%), ash (3.87%), protein (6.27%), fat (<2.20 %) and carbohydrate (14.01%).
РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ПОЛНОМОЧИЙ ОРГАНОВ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Исраилов М-Х.Р. , Исраилов М.В.
Published: December 2019

В статье уточнено понятие «полномочия органов местного самоуправления», дан перечень собственных полномочий органов местного самоуправления в соответствии с нормами международного права, приведена их классификация. Сделан вывод о том, что полномочия органов местного самоуправления реализуются практически во всех сферах жизнедеятельности муниципального образования, в связи с чем применяются различные подходы к вопросам их реализации, финансирования, контроля за их исполнением, а также установления ответственности.
K.H. Lanre Said : Ulama Pendidik dari DI/TII hingga Era Reformasi
Authors: Kadir Ilham
Published: December 2019

This study aims to reveal the various aspects of life of K.H. Lanre Said, a great scholar, great educator whose services are so great in fostering generations through the educational institutions he founded, namely Darul Huffadh Islamic Boarding School located in Tuju-Tuju Kajuara Bone, South Sulawesi. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research with a historical approach. Data collection techniques used are interviews, document studies, literature studies, and field observations. The results of this study reveal various aspects of life and the path of da'wah and the messages of K.H. Lanre Said, as an educating scholar, and the perfect hafizh of al-Qur'an. He is a Bugis cleric who can be used as an example from various sides, from the scientific aspect, the power of memorization, to being a role model in life. K.H. Lanre Said became a real example of a Bugis ulama, spending his age in the midst of society by establishing educational institutions to educate the life of the nation, living simply as it is, and the messages are always actual to practice. K.H. Lanre Said's main capital in affirming itself as a guiding ulama to the right path is the depth of knowledge, real practice, good behavior  (ampe-ampe madeceng), avoiding the word lies even if only joking, prioritizing public rather than personal interests, and always willing and sincere in doing. With this power, the position of K.H. Lanre Said in the middle of the Bone community in general and the Tuju-Tuju community in particular is irreplaceable.
MAKNA TOPIK ‘WARISAN’ DALAM UNGGAHAN FACEBOOK AFI NIHAYA FARADISA: ANALSIS WACANA KRITIS
Authors: Kusno Ali , Rusbiyantoro Wenni
Published: December 2019

Afi N.F., a student of SMA Negeri 1 Gambiran Bayuwangi had been stolenthe attention of the Indonesian people in May 2017. Afi N.F. upload an article on Facebook titled 'Warisan' is getting massive attention from the community and at the same time triggered the debates among social media users. This study aimed to express the meaning contained in the article. This research used critical discourse analysis of Fairclough Model. The research data was taken from the triggered titled “Warisan”. Data analysis technique using an interactive model. The results showed a significant message to all the Indonesian nation to maintain tolerance, especially in social media that is prone to friction among its users. In the article, Afi had been highlighting the issues of identity, such as religion, ethnicity, race, and nationality are inherited from parents, as she stated in her writing. Afi also invites all the people of Indonesia to live the Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, and also the motto of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika so the life of religious tolerance will be maintained.
KEBERTERIMAAN BENTUK PENGINDONESIAAN KATA DAN UNGKAPAN ASING DI KALANGAN PEJABAT SKPD SEKABUPATEN GORONTALO
Authors: Rasyid Armiati
Published: December 2019

Abstrak:Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan keberterimaan bentuk pengindonesiaan kata dan ungkapan asing di kalangan Pejabat Eselon 3 SKPD se-Kabupaten Gorontalo. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen kuesioner yang berisi lima puluh kata dan ungkapan asing dan bentuk yang telah diindonesiakan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan teknik presentase skala lima dengan  kriteria “(rata-rata ≥ 83,33); “berterima”, “(66,66≤rata-rata<83,33%); “cukup berterima”, dan “(<66,66%); “kurang berterima”. Dari 50 bentuk pengindonesiaan yang diajukan, hanya 24%  responden yang memilih bentuk pengindonesiaan kata dan ungkapan asing, selebihnya atau 76% masih menggunakan bentuk asing. Di sisi lain, kriteria keberterimaan bentuk pengindonesiaan  tersebut terdapat 2  kata dan ungkapan (4%) yang berkriteria berterima, yaitu kata mebel dan parkir gratis. Kriteria cukup berterima sebanyak 1 kata  dan ungkapan (2%), yaitu makanan siap saji. Sementara itu, yang termasuk kriteria kurang berterima sebanyak 47 kata (94%), termasuk di dalamnya 8 kata dan ungkapan yang 100% digunakan bahasa asingnya, yaitu jasa boga, layanan pembersihan, pangkalan data, tajuk berita,  komputer jinjing, kudapan, piranti lunak, dan peralatan tata suara. Adapun alasan responden yang paling dominan dalam memilih kosakata asing  daripada bentuk padanan katanya dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah karena mengetahui makna bentuk asing tersebut, sudah terbiasa menggunakannya, dan sering melihat serta mendengar bentuk asing tersebut.
O estado da arte do consumo vegano na produção científica internacional
Authors: Schinaider Anelise Daniela , Silva Leonardo Xavier da , Schinaider Alessandra Daiana , Liberalesso Andreia Maria
Published: December 2019

Vegan consumption attracts more and more adepts which stimulates the academic environmentin its research on the scientific production related to this trend. Although it is an incipient field of research, veganism is a concern related to health, the environment, animal rights and a lifestyle, all currently central issues. In this sense, it aims to gather information about vegan consumption in scientific production. For this, the PRISMA method was applied and a systematic analysis performed with a number of bibliometric indicators, such as: temporal evolution; main areas of knowledge and periodicals; major countries; and key words on vegan consumption. The international database Elsevier's Scopus was used, resulting in 54 articles. Scientific research on vegan consumption grows exponentially from 2009, with the United States being one of the countries that most researches the subject, with 22 articles. In addition, over the years new research has ratified the importance of individuals adhering to a vegan diet, due to health and environmental issues. Future research should be directed to understanding the profile of the vegan consumer, since he is already inserted in this niche market.
Marceli Nencki w Sankt-Petersburgu (1891-1901)
Authors: Parfenowa Nina Salomonowna , Golikow Jurij Pawłowicz
Published: December 2019

Marceli Nencki (1847-1901), światowej sławy chemik, lekarz fizjolog, mikrobiolog, współtwórca nowoczesnej chemii fizjologicznej (biochemii), a także wielki patriota. W 1870 r. ukończył studia medyczne na Uniwersytecie w Berlinie, po czym wstąpił do Akademii Technicznej, gdzie w pracowni Adolfa von Baeyera zdobył gruntowne przygotowanie z zakresu chemii oraz chemii organicznej. Dwa lata później objął stanowisko na Uniwersytecie w Bernie, gdzie też wkrótce został docentem, a od 1873 r. – profesorem. W stworzonej dla niego Katedrze Chemii Fizjologicznej prowadził interesujące wykłady, które przyciągały uczonych z wielu krajów. W latach 1888-1891 był także profesorem bakteriologii. W 1891 r. na prośbę władz carskiej Rosji zorganizował i objął na wiele lat kierownictwo Laboratorium Chemii Fizjologicznej w Imperatorskim Instytucie Medycyny Doświadczalnej w Sankt-Petersburgu. Prowadził badania nad syntezą mocznika w organizmie zwierząt, określił rolę wątroby w tym procesie i przedstawił (wraz z Iwanem Pawłowem) jedną z teorii powstawania mocznika u ssaków. Badając (w latach 1897-1901) barwnik krwi, jak też i inne związki barwne wykazał (wraz z Leonem Marchlewskim) podobieństwo struktury chemicznej hemu i chlorofilu. Prowadząc w latach 1892-1895 badania nad cholerą i księgosuszem u bydła zlecone mu przez Instytut, opracował metody zwalczania tych zakaźnych chorób. Wynalazł także wykorzystywany do dzisiaj środek leczniczy zwany salolem.
Modyfikacje potranslacyjne aktyny
Authors: Rędowicz Maria Jolanta
Published: December 2019

Aktyna, komponent cytoszkieletu komórek eukariotycznych, to jedno z białek najistotniejszych dla funkcjonowania organizmów i najlepiej zachowanych w toku ewolucji. Ta globularna cząsteczka o masie cząsteczkowej około 42,3 kDa występuje zarówno w formie monomerycznej, jak i spolimeryzowanej (filamenty), a zdolność do dynamicznej reorganizacji aktyny jest niezbędna dla życia komórki. Przejście pomiędzy obiema formami jest możliwe dzięki precyzyjnej w czasie i przestrzeni, dynamicznej regulacji organizacji aktyny przez szereg białek wiążących się zarówno z monomerami, jak i filamentami aktyny. Istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na stopień spolimeryzowania aktyny są także liczne modyfikacje potranslacyjne tego białka. Niniejszy artykuł przeglądowy jest poświęcony omówieniu tego obszernego i wciąż mało poznanego zagadnienia, a w szczególności opisowi jakim modyfikacjom ulega aktyna i w jaki sposób modyfikacje te wpływają na strukturę i funkcje tego wyjątkowego białka.
Budowa ciałka podstawowgo i centrioli
Authors: Joachimiak Ewa
Published: December 2019

Ciałko podstawowe i centriola to struktury homologiczne, których zrąb stanowi dziewięć mikrotubularnych tripletów. Mikrotubulom ciałka podstawowego/centrioli towarzyszą liczne struktury mikrotubularne i niemikrotubularne. Ich obecność nie tylko powoduje polaryzację ciałka podstawowego i centrioli, lecz także umożliwia ich prawidłowe funkcjonowanie. Przypuszcza się, że ciałka podstawowe występowały już u ostatniego wspólnego przodka eukariontów, tzw. LECA, a ich budowa i funkcja okazały się tak wydajne, że nie zmieniły się znacząco w toku ewolucji. Ciałka podstawowe i centriole odgrywają istotną rolę w komórce, a zaburzenia ich liczby, struktury lub lokalizacji obserwuje się m.in. w licznych nowotworach, chorobach układu nerwowego czy złożonych zespołach wieloobjawowych zwanych ciliopatiami.
Biogeneza centrioli
Authors: Joachimiak Ewa
Published: December 2019

Centriole są mikrotubularnymi strukturami wchodzącymi w skład centrosomu, występującymi u zwierząt. Struktury te pełnią istotne funkcje zarówno podczas interfazy i mitozy komórek proliferujących, jak i w zróżnicowanych komórkach, włączając nabłonki orzęsione. Liczba centrioli w komórce jest ściśle kontrolowana, gdyż ich nadmiar lub niedobór prowadzi do zaburzeń podziału komórkowego lub funkcjonowania komórek. Centriole powstają w procesie zwanym biogenezą lub duplikacją. W komórkach proliferujących centriole są powielane jeden raz, podczas gdy w komórkach nabłonków orzęsionych dochodzi do namnożenia większej ich liczby, co związane jest z odmiennym mechanizmem powielania tych organelli. W procesie tzw. „klasycznej” duplikacji, zwanej też „centriolarną”, która ma miejsce w komórkach dzielących się, dochodzi do wytworzenia dwóch nowych centrioli. Z kolei podczas tzw. duplikacji „deuterosomalnej”, w różnicujących komórkach nabłonków orzęsionych wytwarzanych jest nawet kilkaset centrioli.
Kultury zawiesinowe komórek jako model do badania tolerancji roślin na metale ciężkie
Authors: Sychta Klaudia , Słomka Aneta , Kuta Elżbieta
Published: December 2019

Zanieczyszczenia gleby metalami ciężkimi mają toksyczne działanie na rośliny, zwierzęta oraz człowieka. Metalofity, rośliny odporne na metale ciężkie, kolonizujące tereny metalonośne, są wykorzystywane do fitoremediacji, czyli oczyszczania gleb z metali ciężkich.
Wykorzystanie roślinnych kultur komórkowych do badań nad toksycznością metali i tolerancją komórek na ich działanie jest stosunkowo nową techniką. W pracy zostały przedstawione możliwości wykorzystania roślinnych kultur zawiesinowych w badaniach nad wpływem metali ciężkich na metabolizm komórek oraz metody oszacowania ich toksycznego wpływu. Zaprezentowane zostały techniki otrzymywania kultur zawiesinowych, oceny żywotności komórek, akumulacji metali ciężkich w komórkach. W ocenie toksyczności metali stosuje się także badania nad programowaną śmiercią komórki (PCD), co pozwala oszacować reakcję komórek na ich wysokie stężenia. Zostały przedyskutowane mechanizmy tolerancji komórek na metale ciężkie. Kultury zawiesinowe są dobrym modelem do badań tolerancji na metale, ponieważ pozwalają zbadać ich wpływ na pojedyncze komórki w jednolitych, stałych warunkach.
Determinants of 6-24 Months Child Stunting in South Central Timor District, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Koro Suriana , Hadju Veni , As'ad Suryani , Bahar Baharuddin
Published: December 2019

Nutritional problems in children under five are still a public health problem if the prevalence of stunting is> 20%. The prevalence of stunting in general in the world is also a public health problem because it is still 26%. Nationally, the prevalence of stunting in children under five in Indonesia is 37.2%. This means that the problem of nutrition in Indonesia is still a serious public health problem. Meanwhile, the proportion of children under five with stunting is 48.2% in NTT Province, including a critical public health problem. Based on this background, this study aims to determine the determinants of stunting of children 6-24 months in South Central Timor District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. B This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research was carried out in nine sub-districts of Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. Baduta food consumption data were obtained through consumption recall, while other data were obtained through questionnaires by enumerators. Analysis of nutrients in food using a food processor 2 (FP2). The statistical test used is Chi-Square. The number of respondents studied was 3480 children, with stunting and severe stunting as many as 1416 children (40.7%), most of whom were boys, as many as 1870 children (53.7%), for 12-24 months there were 1916 children, (1%), where the results of the chi square test are significant p <0.05. Education of mothers and fathers, respectively 1827 people (52.5%) and 1754 people (50.4%) with basic education did not complete and graduated from junior high school, with the majority of jobs being mother farmers (83.3%) and fathers (65.0%), most of the socio-economic conditions are low (83.5%). Maternal TB was significant (p = 0.000) as well as parity and birth spacing, the results of the chi-square test were significantly significant, p <0.005, while exclusive breastfeeding was only 596 people (17.1%). Nutritional needs did not reach the Recommended dietary allowance. (RDA) <80% RDA, energy intake (90.3%), protein (82.6%), fat (97.9%) and KH (82.0%). History of diarrhea (17.4%), fever (32.6%), shortness of breath (2.3%), cough (31.0%) and runny nose (29.2%) and the results of the chi-square test were only fever. Significant with p = 0.016. The logistic regression results showed that gender and maternal height were the most associated with stunting nutritional status. The determinant factors of stunting were the child's age, sex, mother's education, maternal occupation, mother's height, parity, birth spacing, protein intake and a history of fever.
Hubungan Serotinus dengan Kejadian Asfiksia Bayi Baru Lahir di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Kendari Tahun 2015
Authors: Elyasari Elyasari , Listi Listi
Published: December 2019

Newborn asphyxia is a condition where the baby is born can not immediately breathe spontaneously and regularly after birth (Wiknjosastro, 2007). AKB in Kendari City in 2014 as many as 26 people out of 6,228 newborns with the incidence of asphyxia in newborns in Kendari City General Hospital in 2015 as many as 78 people out of 950 newborns and the number of infants experiencing serotinus as many as 40 babies (Medical Record of Kendari City Hospital, 2015). Objective to determine the relationship between serotinus and the incidence of asphyxia in newborns at the Kendari Regional General Hospital in 2015. The type of research used was analytic with the design of Case-Control. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, in which all asphyxial infants were taken as a case. The systematic sampling technique was random sampling, where all non-asphyxial infants were numbered, and from 872 non-asphyxial infants divided by the number of controls taken 872: 78 = 11.2, so that the sample for control is a multiple of 11. Based on data analysis obtained results, namely from 78 infants with asphyxia there were 10 people (12.8%) babies born with serotinus. The value of X2counts 5,778> X2 table 3,841 so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted with OR = 5.588 (p= 0.032). There is a relationship between serotinus and the incidence of asphyxia in newborns in Kendari Regional General Hospital in 2015.
Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan mengenai Penyakit Hipertensi pada Lanjut Usia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Minaula, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan
Authors: Rahayu Dian Yuniar Syanti , Usman Reni Devianti , Nirwana Nirwana , Firnawati Firnawati
Published: December 2019

Hipertensi menjadi permasalahan kesehatan pada kelompok lanjut usia. Sebagai hasil dari pembangunan yang pesat dan taraf hidup yang sejahtera serta pelayanan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan umur harapan hidup, sehingga jumlah lanjut usia bertambah setiap tahunnya. Peningkatan usia tersebut sering diikuti dengan meningkatnya penyakit degeneratif dan masalah kesehatan lain pada kelompok ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan tentang penyakit hipertensi terhadap pengetahuan lanjut usia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pre-post test one group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh Lansia yang tinggal di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Minaula, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Sebanyak 57 Lansia yang menderita hipertensi dipilih sebagai responden. Ada perbedaan karakteristik pengetahuan Lansia sebelum dan setelah diberikan edukasi kesehatan. Di sarankan kepada pengelola panti melanjutkan edukasi kesehatan secara terstruktur sehingga Lansia yang menderita hipertensi dapat baik pemahamannya tentang penyakit hipertensi.
Manajemen Kasus Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Oksigenasi pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru
Authors: Saranani Muhaimin , Rahayu Dian Yuniar Syanti , Ketrin Ketrin
Published: December 2019

Tuberculosis paru merupakan penyakit infeksi yang menyerang parenkim paru-paru, disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Somantri, 2009). Pada tahun 2017 di Sulawesi Tenggara ditemukan 2.587 kasus baru BTA (+). Pada tahun 2016 di RSUD Kota Kendari di dapatkan jumlah kasus tuberculosis paru sebanyak 229 kasus sedangkan tahun 2017 sebanyak 286 kasus ( Rekam Medik dan SIRS Kota Kendari ). Tujuan : Melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien tuberculosis paru dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan oksigenasi di Ruang Lavender RSUD Kota Kendari. Metode: Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan penelitian deksriptif yaitu dengan studi kasus. Hasil: Diagnosa Keperawatan yaitu ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas berhubungan dengan mucus berlebihan. Setelah dilakukan tindakan 3x24 jam didapatkan hasil : pasien tidak mengalami sesak, pernapasan 20 kali/menit, suara napas tambahan tidak ada dan pasien mampu melakukan batuk efektif tanpa bantuan instruksi perawat. Kesimpulan: Tindakan batuk efektif dapat membantu mengeluarkan sekret dan mengurangi nyeri dada.
Efektifitas Pelaksanaan Kelas Ibu Hamil terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil tentang Deteksi Dini Risiko Tinggi di Puskesmas Lalowaru Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Aswita Aswita , Naningsi Hasmia , Yulita Hendra
Published: December 2019

Kesehatan Ibu dan anak merupakan target SDGs yang ketiga yaitu menjamin kehidupan yang sehat dan mendorong kesejahteraan bagi semua orang di segala usia. Kelas ibu hamil merupakan bagian dari Program Kesehatan Ibu dan anak yang sudah di laksanakan sejak tahun 2009. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai efektifitas pelaksanaan kelas ibu hamil terhadap Pengetahuan dan sikap deteksi dini faktor Risiko Tinggi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lalowaru Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi berupa edukasi dengan menggunakan buku saku selama 6 bulan (mulai dari trimester II masa kehamilan hingga trimester III kehamilan). Kelompok kontrol tidak mendapatkan edukasi dan buku saku. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 40 responden yang terdiri dari kelompok intervensi 20 orang dan kelompok kontrol 20 orang. Analisis data mengunakan uji Wilcoxon signed. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan edukasi meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang deteksi dini kehamilan (rerata posttest kelompok intervensi: 92,69±0,96 (p-value= 0,000)). Edukasi meningkatkan sikap ibu hamil tentang deteksi dini kehamilan (rerata posttest intervensi: 96,36±0,84 (p-value= 0,000)). Edukasi meningkatkan kunjungan ANC ibu hamil tentang deteksi dini kehamilan.
The level of understanding of family planning acceptors about the use of hormonal contraceptives
Authors: Usman Reni Devianti , Nurfantri Nurfantri , Indrayana Maman
Published: December 2019

The results of interviews conducted on mothers of hormonal contraceptive users in Lapulu Village working area of Abeli Care Center that they do not know what hormonal contraceptives are and do not know about the contraceptive methods they use in terms of Hormonal Contraceptives, Hormonal Contraceptive Advantages and Disadvantages, Indications and Contraindications of hormonal contraceptives. All they know is just how to delay pregnancy so that the distance of pregnancy is not too close to the low cost. This goal is to obtain a general overview of Family Planning Acceptance Knowledge about the use of hormonal contraceptives in Lapulu Village, Abeli Health Centre, Kendari. This type of research is a descriptive study with a sample of 49 people. The results of this study obtained respondents knowledge about the benefits of hormonal contraceptives obtained results as many as 23 people (46.94%) knowledge while knowledge is less than 26 people (53.06%) while respondents' knowledge of hormonal contraceptive side effects was 16 people (32.65%) knowledge is good while knowledge is less than 33 people (67.35%).
Risiko Penyakit Infeksi terhadap Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari
Authors: Kartini Kartini
Published: December 2019

Kekurangan energi kronik (KEK) merupakan kondisi yang disebabkan karena adanya ketidakseimbangan asupan gizi antara energi dan protein, sehingga zat gizi yang dibutuhkan tubuh tidak tercukupi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko penyakit infeksi terhadap kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari. Desain penelitian yang digunakan ialah case control. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu hamil di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari yang berjumlah 58 ibu hamil. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner tentang KEK, penyakit infeksi. Analisis data mengunakan uji chi-square dan OR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Jumlah kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari sebanyak 26 orang (44,8%). Jumlah ibu hamil yang mengalami penyakit infeksi di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari sebanyak 11 ibu hamil (19,0%). Ada hubungan penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian kek pada ibu hamil Di Puskesmas Mekar Kota Kendari (X2=10,847; pvalue =0,001). Ibu hamil yang mengalami penyakit infeksi berisiko 6,171 kali untuk mengalami KEK (OR=6,171; 95%CI=2,155-17,675).
Bagea Formulation Made From Cassava Starch Extract and Gonad Diadema Setosum (Sea urchins) as Alternative Food for Pregnant Women
Authors: Banudi La , Anasiru M. Anas , Petrus Petrus , Leksono Purnomo
Published: December 2019

The hope of this research is to establish manateau kanji extract as a formula for bagea production that comes with gonad diadem setosum (sea urchins), which is rich in nutrients and therefore ideal for women pregnant. Cassava kanji extract can be used as a food formula ingredient to make a range of food formula The goal of this study is to examine the formula of bagea made from cassava flour extract and Gonad Diadema Setosum (Sea urchins) as an aging food in pregnant women. Pre-experiment design in the manufacture of bagea solution. The highest favorite amount for cassava flour bagea is BTP 2 (sago flour 50, cassava flour 50) with a value of 3.26. In addition, the highest level of favorite in the manufacture of bagea made from cassava flour and the addition of gonad is BTP 2 (sago flour 50, cassava flour 50 and gonad 20) In order to increase the preferred value of bagea with the addition of cassava flour and gonad, it is important to add certain ingredients to add flavor to remove odor.
Blood Sugar Levels and Diabetes Mellitus Healthy Gymnastics
Authors: Rahayu Dian Yuniar Syanti , Pertami Sumirah Budi , Budiono Budiono
Published: December 2019

Diabetes mellitus is the second largest non-communicable diseases as hypertension. This study aims to determine the influence of diabetes mellitus exercise decrease blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus clients. This research is a Quasi-experiment. The population is all patients who visited the health center-Lepo Lepo period January to December 2015 amounted to 374 people and a sample of 12 people, the data obtained using questionnaires and tested using independent t-test. The results showed that the blood sugar levels prior to exercise healthy diabetes mellitus are 12 (100.0%) in the category rose, with average blood sugar levels client is 252 mg / dl. Then the blood sugar levels after doing gymnastics healthy diabetes mellitus most of which 7 (58.3%) in the category down, and 5 (41.7%) in the category rose, with the average blood sugar level, was 220.25 mg client / dl and there is a healthy exercise influence diabetes mellitus to decrease blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus clients with a value of p = 0.041. Suggestions in this study in order to increase the frequency of diabetes mellitus and healthy exercise examination routine blood sugar checks to clients in order to reduce blood sugar levels of diabetes mellitus alternative therapy.