bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectiva dos profissionais da rede intersetorial sobre intervenção educativa para o enfrentamento da violência de gênero
Authors: Fornari Lucimara Fabiana , Fonseca Rosa Maria Godoy Serpa da
Published: May 2023

Resumo Objetivo identificar a percepção dos profissionais sobre uma intervenção educativa qualificadora para o enfrentamento da violência de gênero. Método estudo qualitativo, realizado com 28 profissionais das Casas da Mulher Brasileira: Brasília (Distrito Federal), Campo Grande (Mato Grosso do Sul) e Curitiba (Paraná). A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de Oficinas de Trabalho Crítico-emancipatórias, entre outubro de 2020 e outubro de 2021. Os discursos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática, e as imagens foram analisadas por meio do método documentário de interpretação, com o apoio de software. Resultados participaram do estudo psicólogas, assistentes sociais e técnicas-administrativas que, em sua maioria, tinham mais de quatro anos de experiência de trabalho na instituição. Quatro categorias empíricas emergiram das análises: A intervenção educativa como motivação para a construção do conhecimento; A importância da dinâmica grupal para a aprendizagem colaborativa; A metodologia ativa como ferramenta para o reconhecimento profissional; A intervenção educativa como possibilidade de (re)pensar a prática profissional. Conclusão e implicações para a prática as profissionais percebem a potencialidade da intervenção educativa para a compreensão e transformação da realidade do seu trabalho, possibilitada pela dinâmica lúdica, crítica e participativa. Ademais, permitiu ampliar e adensar os conhecimentos para enfrentamento da violência de gênero.
Deliberate practice and rapid cycle deliberate practice for basic life support: a scoping review
Authors: Assalin Ana Carolina Belmonte , Meneghesso Izabela , Castro Leticia de Oliveira , Marcatto Isadora de Freitas , Gastaldi Amanda Adabo , Girão Fernanda Berchelli
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective to map evidence on deliberate practice (DP) and rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) in teaching Basic Life Support (BLS) to health occupations students. Method a scoping review according to JBI Reviewer’s Manual for Scoping Reviews and PRISMA-ScR. Searches and selections were carried out in the databases through descriptors and synonyms, and it was analyzed the relevance of the studies, selecting those that answered the research question, from April to November 2021. In December 2022, study search and selection were updated. Results of the 4,155 studies found, 116 were analyzed in full, with 9 included in this study. 44.4% are Americans and 66.6% were accomplished in medical courses. 11.1% presented simulated scenarios in the intra- and extra-hospital context, and 11.1%, in intra-hospital scenarios. Conclusion and implications for practice DP and RCDP in health education have been consolidated in recent years, showing improvements in learning and knowledge retention over time. This scope identified that most studies address the hospital context, which demonstrates the knowledge production gap in the pre-hospital area. Furthermore, most of the studies focused on Europe and North America, confirming the need to carry out studies for the applicability of DP and RCDP in BLS in different audiences and contexts.
Prática deliberada e prática deliberada em ciclos rápidos para suporte básico de vida: scoping review
Authors: Assalin Ana Carolina Belmonte , Meneghesso Izabela , Castro Leticia de Oliveira , Marcatto Isadora de Freitas , Gastaldi Amanda Adabo , Girão Fernanda Berchelli
Published: May 2023

Resumo Objetivo mapear evidências sobre a prática deliberada (PD) e a prática deliberada em ciclos rápidos (PDCR) no ensino do Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) de estudantes de ciências da saúde. Método scoping review, conforme JBI Reviewer’s Manual for Scoping Reviews e PRISMA-ScR. Buscas e seleções foram realizadas nas bases de dados estabelecidas por intermédio de descritores e sinônimos, analisando a relevância dos estudos, selecionando os que responderam à pergunta de investigação, no período de abril a novembro de 2021. Em dezembro de 2022 realizou-se atualização da busca e seleção dos estudos. Resultados dos 4.155 estudos encontrados, 116 foram analisados na íntegra, com 9 incluídos neste estudo. 44,4% são americanos e 66,6% foram realizados em cursos de medicina. 11,1% apresentaram cenários simulados no contexto intra e extra-hospitalar, e 11,1%, em cenários intra-hospitalares. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a PD e a PDCR no ensino em saúde vêm sendo consolidadas nos últimos anos, evidenciando melhorias de aprendizado e retenção de conhecimento ao longo do tempo. Foi identificado que a maioria dos estudos abordam o contexto hospitalar, demonstrando a lacuna de produção de conhecimento pré-hospitalar. Ademais, a maioria dos estudos se concentrou entre Europa e América do Norte, confirmando a necessidade de realização de estudos para aplicabilidade da PD e PDCR em SBV em diferentes públicos e contextos.
Grupo focal on-line para a coleta de dados de pesquisas qualitativas: relato de experiência
Authors: Alves José Gerfeson , Braga Lorena Pinheiro , Souza Carolaine da Silva , Pereira Emanuelly Vieira , Mendonça Glícia Uchôa Gomes , Oliveira Camila Almeida Neves de , Costa Edmara Chaves , Sousa Leilane Barbosa de
Published: May 2023

Resumo Objetivo relatar o processo de desenvolvimento de grupo focal on-line como técnica de coleta de dados em pesquisas qualitativas. Método trata-se de relato de experiência do desenvolvimento de um grupo focal on-line para a coleta de dados com os enfermeiros docentes vinculados ao estágio supervisionado da Atenção Básica em Saúde de uma universidade pública do interior do Ceará, realizado em março de 2020. Resultados as fases de planejamento do grupo focal on-line síncrono foram: (1) estruturação da abordagem; (2) construção do instrumento-guia; (3) composição do grupo; e, (4) desenvolvimento do processo grupal. Este oportunizou a acessibilidade, a adesão dos participantes, a redução de custos, a menor abstenção dos participantes e a rapidez para coletar, registar e analisar os dados. Obteve-se resultado satisfatório, destacando-se como uma possibilidade concreta de técnica de coleta de dados, em pesquisas qualitativas. Conclusões e implicações para a prática a estratégia de coleta de dados por meio do grupo focal on-line pode contribuir para a construção do conhecimento na área da saúde e Enfermagem para a realização de pesquisas qualitativas.
O REGIMENTO DE CONSERVAÇÃO DAS MATAS DO BRASIL DE 1799
Authors: Lima Ana Paula dos Santos
Published: May 2023

RESUMO O regimento de conservação das matas que foi instituído no Brasil em 1799 tinha como objetivo sistematizar os cortes das madeiras de construção. As regras estabelecidas foram efetivamente aplicadas nas capitanias da Bahia, de Pernambuco e da Paraíba. O trabalho que se apresenta é uma argumentação historiográfica que versa sobre as especificidades da aplicação do regimento de 1799 no Brasil, em que se abordam os conflitos locais ocasionados pelas limitações comerciais impostas e se analisa a atuação dos Juízes Conservadores das Matas nessa conjuntura política e econômica. A problemática apresentada resultou de uma pesquisa aos fundos e coleções do Arquivo Histórico Ultramarino, nomeadamente do fundo documental Conselho Ultramarino-Brasil, seguida dos habituais métodos historiográficos de leituras, transcrições, análises e contextualização dos documentos.
“NEGÓCIOS DE CORTE”: OS HOMENS DE NEGÓCIOS DA PRAÇA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, O TRÁFICO DE PESSOAS ESCRAVIZADAS E OS SUBSÍDIOS PARA A MANUTENÇÃO DO REINO, C.1808-C.1821
Authors: Guimarães Carlos
Published: May 2023

Resumo O objetivo do texto consistiu em analisar a participação dos negociantes e traficantes de escravos do Rio de Janeiro nos “Donativos gratuitos, para as urgencias do Estado desde 31 de março até 18 de abril de 1817”, e a relação de reciprocidade entre a Corte e a classe mercantil, particularmente envolvendo a defesa dos interesses dos traficantes de escravos com a Convenção de 1817, conhecida com a Convenção Adicional ao Tratado de 22 de Janeiro de 1815, assinada entre o rei D. João VI do Reino Unido Portugal, Brasil e Algarves e Jorge III do Reino Unido da Grã Bretanha e Irlanda. Vitoriosos na sua ação, os negociantes de grosso trato e traficantes de escravos organizaram a Praça do Comércio do Rio de Janeiro, espaço de sociabilidade, de representação e de poder, em 1820, com o patrocínio da Corte e financiamento do Banco do Brasil, e tendo D. João VI como patrono.
A INDEPENDÊNCIA DO MARANHÃO ENTRE EFEMÉRIDES
Authors: Galves Marcelo Cheche
Published: May 2023

Resumo O texto realiza um breve percurso historiográfico sobre o tema da Independência na província do Maranhão. Para tanto, demarca a década de 1860 como momento de formulação de uma narrativa fundadora da primeira matriz interpretativa sobre o tema; na sequência, explora as permanências que balizaram tal matriz entre duas efemérides da Independência do Brasil/Maranhão, situadas nos anos de 1922/1923 e 1972/1973; por fim, explora para as últimas duas décadas os elementos de renovação historiográfica da temática. Nesse percurso, estabelece aproximações com as premissas que balizaram (ou ainda balizam) os estudos sobre a Independência do Brasil, à procura de especificidades e similitudes da produção aqui explorada.
Oral language assessment of children with visual impairments: an integrative literature review
Authors: Carvalho Pedro Henrique Silva , Bagarollo Maria Fernanda , Montilha Rita de Cássia Ietto
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose to review the national and international literature regarding instruments, methods and techniques for language assessment in visually impaired children. Research strategy searches in the VHL, PUBMED and SCOPUS databases using the descriptors vision disorders, child language, low vision, blindness, speech-language pathology and rehabilitation. Selection criteria articles published in national and international journals, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Studies that were unavailable for reading, with a sample other than children, not addressing the subject, or that reported sensory impairments associated with visual impairments were excluded. Studies that dealt with intervention were also excluded, except for those that also addressed assessment. The references of the articles read in full were selected according to these criteria. The investigators evaluated the proposed assessment instruments/methods/techniques, as well as the objectives of the studies, their samples and main results. Results 157 articles were retrieved, of which 6 were selected for full reading based on the exclusion criteria, and another 6 studies were obtained from their references, thus totaling 12 articles. Seven studies involved preschool and blind children, with various assessment instruments/methods/techniques, ranging from assessments of specific linguistic levels to socio-communicative skills. The objectives of the studies were related to the comparison between the development of children with and without visual impairment. Conclusion the review provided contributions to analyses of the language assessment of visually impaired children, such as the use of the remaining senses; no study had an instrument to assess language levels in schoolchildren with VI.
Emburrecimento e estudo
Authors: Cechinel André , Durão Fabio Akcelrud
Published: May 2023

RESUMO A partir do tripé ensino, pesquisa e extensão e de seus desdobramentos particulares na área dos estudos literários, este artigo discute o emburrecimento acadêmico como resultado da hiperatividade ininterrupta e do empreendimento incessante tomados como fins em si mesmos. Entre outros fenômenos, o texto aborda a centralidade do didatismo e do tempo obrigatório exigido em sala de aula, o caráter produtivista da universidade neoliberal e a naturalização da forma artigo como veículo fundamental de escrita, bem como o recente caso da curricularização da extensão, propondo a ênfase no estudo como único antídoto possível para esse estado de coisas.
O diário como possibilidade para a antificção romanesca
Authors: Silva Edson Ribeiro da
Published: May 2023

RESUMO O conceito de antificção tem sido usado por teóricos como Lejeune e Alberca para explicar a demanda por gêneros não-ficcionais, como o diário e a autobiografia. A proposta do presente estudo é estender o conceito de antificção às estéticas que se definem como romanescas. Entre essas estéticas estão algumas possibilidades da autoficção, como a praticada pelo francês Hervé Guibert. Ou aquela forma romanesca desenvolvida pelo brasileiro Ricardo Lísias, em que o ensaio sobre o presente é categorizado como um gênero ficcional. Os dois autores partem de diários para a elaboração de seus romances. A forma do diário, tornada romance e ainda mantendo o relato de realidade, é uma forma notável do que se pode definir como antificção romanesca.
Clave de Vupes ou lições de comunicação e escuta em Grande Sertão: Veredas
Authors: Oliveira Danielle Naves de , Silva Gustavo Castro
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo investiga a personagem Vupes, o alemão, do Grande sertão: veredas (1956). Para isso são considerados, a partir da narração de Riobaldo, aspectos históricos, poetológicos e sonoros que possam trazer informações tanto sobre a personagem como sobre a escuta de Riobaldo. Com ênfase na dimensão comunicacional da alteridade, da escuta e da condição de estrangeiro, fizemos um levantamento do estado da arte da relação de Guimarães Rosa com a Alemanha, analisamos cartas, diários, cadernetas, mapas, a biblioteca pessoal e papéis burocráticos do escritor no Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros da Universidade de São Paulo (IEB-USP).
Visualidades: Nocturno de Chile, de Roberto Bolaño
Authors: Rosa Sara del Carmen Rojo de la
Published: May 2023

Resumen En este artículo analizamos Nocturno de Chile (2000), del novelista chileno Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003), a partir de la forma visual de la narración. La extensa producción de este escritor posee un carácter imagético innegable que abordaremos a partir de su correlato con las formas de producción del teatro y el cine. La hipótesis es que el diálogo inter-artes nos ofrece una nueva forma de acercamiento a su obra y, especialmente, a la novela que abordaremos en este estudio. Las imágenes de Nocturno de Chile transitan entre el fin de la democracia y la dictadura por medio del delirio de un hombre agónico que revisa su vida afectivo-literaria como respuesta a una agresión intelectual.
A potência dos encontros entre as fissuras da rua: cuidado, afetos e redução de danos
Authors: Couto Joaquim Gabriel de Andrade , Botazzo Carlos
Published: May 2023

Resumo Este artigo apresenta as cartografias produzidas com a população de rua em Florianópolis, Brasil, e tem como objetivo dar visibilidade às estratégias de redução de danos (RD) como produção de cuidado nas ruas. As primeiras cenas partem dos debates em uma oficina de RD com a população de rua, quando se teve contato com a proposta da RD. Em seguida, as cenas cartografadas apresentam o encontro com Cigana e Alemão(c), um casal que se conheceu em cenas de uso de crack, e, a partir desse encontro, foram agenciados por afetos que os movimentaram a deixar o uso daquela substância. Essas cartografias demonstraram que a população de rua inventa outros jeitos de se encontrar, criando linhas de fuga como forma de reafirmar sua existência e utilizando estratégias de RD como produção de cuidado.
Desenvolvimento e ciências sociais: as agências internacionais nas favelas na década de 1960
Authors: Viana Rachel de Almeida
Published: May 2023

Resumo O artigo apresenta uma análise da atuação de órgãos internacionais nas favelas na década de 1960: o Brasil-Estados Unidos Movimento, Desenvolvimento e Organização de Comunidade, a Ação Comunitária do Brasil e a Organização das Nações Unidas. Tais entidades veicularam o ideal desenvolvimentista pela cooperação técnica aos países considerados subdesenvolvidos, articulando ciências sociais puras e aplicadas por meio do desenvolvimento de comunidade. Os documentos do Fundo Anthony Leeds custodiados na Casa de Oswaldo Cruz foram utilizados para analisar as ações dessas agências nas favelas e as suas concepções de desenvolvimento. Foram comparados documentos oficiais desses órgãos, como jornais e programas, com notas de campo e cartas de cientistas sociais que faziam trabalho de campo nas favelas no período.
Development and the social sciences: international agencies in Brazilian favelas in the 1960s
Authors: Viana Rachel de Almeida
Published: May 2023

Abstract An analysis is presented of the work of three international entities in Brazilian favelas in the 1960s: Brasil-Estados Unidos Movimento, Desenvolvimento e Organização de Comunidade; Ação Comunitária do Brasil; and the United Nations. These entities conveyed the ideal of developmentalism through technical cooperation with countries deemed underdeveloped, drawing on the pure and applied social sciences through community development. Documents from the Anthony Leeds archive at Casa de Oswaldo Cruz were used to analyze these entities’ actions in the favelas and their conceptions of development. Their official documents were compared, including newspapers and programs, as well as fieldnotes and letters by social scientists engaged in fieldwork in favelas in the period.
Evaluation of iron dextran application programs to prevent iron deficiency anemia in piglets
Authors: COSTA Tuany Dutra da , TEIXEIRA Alexandre de Oliveira , MOREIRA Leonardo Marmo , BRIGHENTI Carla Regina Guimarães , REIS Renata de Souza , VALENTE JÚNIOR Dante Teixeira , LYON Juliana Pereira , PIRES Christiano Vieira , CORASSA Anderson
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT To evaluate the effect of different iron dextran application programs on the performance, fecal score, and skin color of suckling piglets, as well as sow performance, 288 piglets from 24 sows were allocated to four treatments in six replications with 12 piglets per experimental unit, in a block design. The treatments were as follows: T200_000, T200_100, T200_200, and T100_100, whose respective values (in mg) corresponded to the applications of the first dose of iron dextran on the second day of life and of the second dose on the 10th day. Piglets on T200_000 and T200_200 showed the highest feed intake. In the period from 10 to 22 days, piglets receiving T100_100 exhibited the highest fecal score. On the 10th day of age, the lowest lightness (L*) value on the ear was obtained with T200_100, and the highest with T100_100. Treatments T200_000, T200_100, and T200_200 generated the highest red color (a*) intensity on the ear, whereas T100_100 provided the lowest hue and parameter b* values on the leg and snout. On the 22nd day of age, the highest b* and hue values of the ear and snout were found in the group fed T100_100. In conclusion, all evaluated programs were efficient in preventing iron deficiency anemia in newborn piglets. To reduce expenses, we recommend administering a single dose of 200 mg of iron dextran to piglets on the second day of life.
A case of canine visceral leishmaniasis of unknown origin in Curitiba (state of Paraná, Brazil) treated successfully with miltefosine
Authors: Gonçalves Gustavo , Campos Monique Paiva , Tirado Thais Cristina , Negrão Dayane Domingos , Silva Gabriela Mayoral Pedroso da , Poleto Ana Paula Coninck Mafra , Hartin Tatianna Paula , Silva Juliana Batista Andrade , Castilhos Marilia de Melo Santos de , Figueiredo Fabiano Borges
Published: May 2023

Abstract There are no records of autochthonous cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Curitiba, Paraná state, Brazil. In 2020, a male French bulldog (CW01), approximately 2 years old was taken by its owners to a private veterinarian clinic. The suspicion of CVL was confirmed by means of a serology test (ELISA/IFAT reagent), rapid chromatographic immunoassay (DPP®) (ELISA - Biomanguinhos®), parasitological culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The animal routinely frequented parks in Curitiba and was taken on several trips to the municipalities of Bombinhas and Balneário Camboriú (Santa Catarina) and to Matinhos (Paraná) where CVL had not previously been reported. Treatment was initiated orally with Milteforan™ which resulted in a significant reduction in the parasitic load. The suspicion of autochthony was investigated through entomological research. A total of 10 traps were installed, one at the animal’s home, seven in adjacent city blocks and two in a forest edge. No sandflies were trapped in the dog’s home and adjacent houses. The traps in the forest edge caught one Migonemyia migonei female and five Brumptomyia spp. females. This case serves as a warning of the possible introduction of CVL in the city of Curitiba.
Effect of a magnetic field on the dielectric properties of PLT–BNCFO composites
Authors: Sharma Indu , Mahajan Shruti , Arora Vishal , Arora Mehak , Mahajan Nitin , Aggarwal Kanika , Singh Anupinder
Published: May 2023

The main goal of this study is to analyze the magnetic, dielectric and magneto-dielectric characteristics of Pb1− x La x Ti1− x O3 (PLT)–(Ba1−3 x Nd2 x )4Co2Fe36O60 (BNCFO) (where x = 0.25) composite materials T1–T3 sintered at various temperatures (1100, 1200 and 1300°C, respectively). An X-ray diffraction investigation was performed in order to pinpoint the creation of a U-type hexaferrite phase. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs reveal that sample T2 reached the maximum value of grain size and the largest experimental density value of 6.14 g/cm3 due to the intensified grain growth of the composite material. The magnetic investigations further indicate that sample T2 achieved the highest remnant magnetization, measuring 1.550 emu/g, revealing the suitability of the sintering temperature. The magneto-dielectric investigations demonstrate the presence of multiferroicity in all samples and show that sample T2 exhibits the highest magneto-dielectric response of 41.99 at 1.2 T and a magneto-dielectric coefficient (γ) of around 0.7609 g2/emu2. Numerous metrics, including Nyquist plots, impedance, electrical modulus, dielectric constant and conductivity, were carefully examined in order to determine the electrical properties of the proposed sample. It was found that sample T2 produced enhanced results and had the right temperature for the substance to develop.
Laboratory tests on the frictional capacity of core pile–cemented soil interface
Authors: Zhou Jia-Jin , Ren Jian-Fei , Ma Jun-Jie , Yu Jian-Lin , Zhang Ri-Hong , Gong Xiao-Nan
Published: May 2023

Pre-bored grouted planted (PGP) piles are a new type of composite pile in which a core pre-stressed high-strength concrete (PHC) pile is surrounded by a cemented soil (CS) layer. The frictional capacity of the core PHC pile–CS interface has a significant effect on the bearing capacity of a PGP pile. In this work, a series of shear tests was carried out to determine the frictional capacity of pile–CS interfaces for both smooth square piles (SPs) and smooth pipe piles (PPs). The shear test results revealed the following. The peak skin friction (PSF) of the SP–CS and PP–CS interfaces both increased with the CS strength. The PSF of the SP–CS interface was smaller than the PSF of the PP–CS interface of identical pile (equivalent) diameter due to the occurrence of a stress concentration at the corners of the SP. The PSF of the SP–CS and PP–CS interfaces both decreased with the pile (equivalent) diameter. The occurrence of cracks in the CS caused brittle failure of both the SP–CS and PP–CS interfaces.
Water use pricing and financing of water infrastructure systems in South Africa
Authors: Ruiters Cornelius , Amadi-Echendu Joe
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates water use pricing and financing of water infrastructure, focusing on: (i) the role of water use pricing; (ii) models for setting water use pricing – namely, charges and tariffs; and (iii) the multiplier effects of water use pricing for the financing of the water infrastructure value chain in South Africa. Primary data was collected by quantitative and qualitative methods and secondary data secondary data were collected from reports relating to water infrastructure needs and funding in South Africa. The water infrastructure value chain is hierarchical in South Africa – that is, national, provincial and local governments – based on administrative and political boundaries. Differential water use pricing recognises neither full replacement nor full recovery costs. The mean water use charge for all water-management areas (water basins or catchments) was found to be US$0.185/m3 (standard deviation (SD) = ±0.09); for agriculture (irrigation), <US$0.002/m3; for forestry, 20%. The mean annual bulk treated water use tariff was US$0.315/m3 (SD = ±0.242), and increases varied significantly – that is, 14.33% (SD = ±20.57). The national mean domestic water use tariffs varied from US$0.238/m3 (SD = ±0.310) to US$0.988/m3 (SD = ±0.450) for the predetermined water use blocks and increased between 13.6% (SD = ±7.7) and 16.9% (SD = ±0.4). Rural municipalities charged approximately 10% below the equivalent water use tariffs compared with urban areas. Commercial and industrial water use tariffs were higher than domestic water use tariffs in the lower blocks and in line in the higher water use blocks – that is, approximately 178.68% (SD = ±256.99). Water use multipliers varied substantially between 3 and 15 – that is, from raw water to municipal retail.
Risk for Self-Harm or Harm to Others: Definition and Assessment of Dangerousness
Authors: Lee Kounseok
Published: May 2023

The Mental Health Act of 1995 was fully revised on May 29, 2016, and implemented on May 30, 2017, under the name of the Mental Health Promotion and Mental Health Service Support Act (Mental Health Welfare Act). The act newly defined mentally ill people as those with significant limitations in independent daily life and reduced their classification based on severity. Before the revision, patients could be admitted to the hospital if satisfied with the risk of self-injury or harm to others or the need for treatment. The self-injury and harm to others risk criteria for involuntary admission is based on the idea of respecting patients’ right to self-determination. However, predicting future risks can be challenging, and the situation at the time of judgment should be considered. This study aims to examine the administrative and legal interpretation of the self-injury or harm to others risk for involuntary admission, review definitions and evaluations of the risk of self-harm in various areas, and suggest improvements for mental health policies or guidelines.
Effects of Token Economy Intervention on Hospitalized Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Kim Sung-Jin , Seo Young-Soo , Park Kyoung-Duck , Moon Jung-Joon , Jeong Jae-Hoon , Jung Do-Un
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of token economy intervention on the clinical characteristics and global function of patients with schizophrenia.Methods: From June 1, 2022 to September 1, 2022, token economy intervention was conducted for hospitalized patients with schizophrenia in a mental hospital. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention. Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale (CGI-SCH), Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS), Insight Scale for Psychosis (ISP), and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) were used to evaluate clinical characteristics. World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) was used for global functional assessment.Results: A total of 51 patients were included in the study. Through token economy intervention, depressive (p=0.001), cognitive symptom domain scores (p<0.001) in CGI-SCH, and SQLS score were significantly decreased (p=0.044). In the WHODAS evaluated by the clinician, the scores of self-care (p=0.012), life activities (p=0.006), and participation in society (p=0.040) decreased significantly.Conclusion: It was confirmed that token economy intervention had a positive effect on depressive symptoms, cognitive symptoms, quality of life, self-care function, daily living function, and social participation function in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.
The Influence of Social Support on Postgraduate Students' Psychological Well-being: Self-Esteem as a Mediator
Authors: OOİ Hui Xian , HAMZAH Aswatı , THİEN Lei Mee
Published: May 2023

The study aimed to examine the impact of social support and self-esteem towards postgraduate students’ psychological well-being in Malaysian public universities and self-esteem as a mediator. In all, 335 postgraduate students from 13 public universities in Malaysia participated in this study. The present study conducted employing the quantitative research method using an online questionnaire. Convenient sampling was used to gather the data. Postgraduate students received the online questionnaire through postgraduate groups. The data were analysed using the PLS-SEM version 3.3.9. The validity and reliability of survey items, as well as the link between variables, were evaluated using the measurement model and structural model. The findings in this study indicate that social support and self-esteem have significant impact on psychological well-being. Besides, self-esteem plays partial mediation on social support and psychological well-being. The findings would be useful in helping university administrators, supervisors, counsellors, friends, and family members recognise the need to boost postgraduate students' psychological well-being and discover the solution to do so. For postgraduate students to be psychologically well-adjusted, their self-esteem and social support must be strengthened. To gain a more in-depth comprehending, a mixed methods technique may be adopted in future research. Furthermore, future study shall be able to compare the psychological health of local postgraduate students with international postgraduate students.
Deciphering PPAR-inducing pathway clarifying the link between Alzheimer’s Disease and diabetes
Authors: Nesma S Nesma S Shafie , Yasser M Morsy , Marwa Amer
Published: May 2023

Diabetes is a widely prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. This condition is caused by various factors that ultimately result in pancreatic β cell failure. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recognizes two main types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1-4].
Validation of Numerical Modelling Techniques in Unsaturated Slope Behaviour
Authors:   Civil Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Mohd Taib Aizat , Taha Mohd Raihan ,   Smart and Sustainable Township Research Centre (SUTRA), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Abang Hasbollah Dayang Zulaika ,   Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
Published: May 2023

Knowledge in modelling unsaturated slope behaviour remains limited. Research findings have challenged the common assumption of fully saturated conditions for all soil problems thus widening the perspective of partially saturated states. The calibration of unsaturated soil parameters requires good understanding of the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and the permeability functions. The modelling of unsaturated slope behaviour involves the setting out of the model geometry, boundary conditions and flux boundaries when it comes to rainfall. It is a norm where certain unobtainable data had to be assumed and the results are consequently under or overestimated. Hence, this paper aims to validate the numerical techniques in modelling the groundwater flow and safety analyses for a slope model under the effect of typical rainfall in Hubei, China. The model is developed using Finite Element package; Plaxis and the results are compared to the field results and literature findings. The important parameters of hydrological and mechanical properties were gathered from the literature along with the boundary conditions. The flux boundaries are presented by simulated rainfall for a period of one month and the calculation is conducted in transient flow analysis. The results in terms of pore-water pressure are well validated with minor differences which can be explained by the unavailability of data for example the void ratio used and exact location of measurement taken in the field and literature findings. The analysis is also extended to calculate the factor of safety which contributes to familiarising the techniques in modelling by means of utilising the phi-c reduction method. In summary, the results demonstrated that the numerical modelling of unsaturated slope behaviour can be undertaken provided that all major information such as soil parameters, slope geometry and boundary conditions used are available and reliable.
Possibility of modification of peripheral blood neutrophils functional activity during chemoradiotherapy in patients with anorectal cancer
Authors: Slepov E. V. , Zukov R. A. , Serbaeva M. S. , Karapetyan A. M. , Kashaeva O. V. , Pavlenko A. Yu. , Kozina Yu. V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Ionizing radiation is an effective antitumor therapy, but it has a serious negative effect on the immune system requiring the use of radiation reaction prevention and reduction methods. Neutrophils are a sensitive element of the immune system both in interaction with tumor tissue and in response to radiation injury.

Aim. To evaluate functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils by chemiluminescent analysis in patients with anorectal cancer after radiotherapy.

Materials and methods. The study included 80 patients with anorectal cancer. Patients received chemo- and radio-therapy with 3D conformal radiotherapy and radiation therapy under visual control, followed by the use of radioprotector and without it. Neutrophil activity determined by chemiluminescent analysis.

Results. In patients with anorectal cancer found maximum spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence acceleration. The chemiluminescence activation index with luminol is lower in patients with anorectal cancer, and with lucigenin shows no differences with the control group. The low luminol chemiluminescence maximum intensity, as well as the decrease in the synthesis of reactive secondary oxygen species in enzymatic systems, is likely regulatory intracellular limitations consequence. After treatment, patients with radioprotector showed a decrease in the number of parameters with statistically significant differences with the control group. Undesirable phenomena associated with sodium deoxyribonucleate therapy not detected in anorectal cancer patients during radiotherapy and subsequent observation period.

Conclusion. During treatment, differences in chemiluminescence parameters suggest that ionizing radiation affects them in patients with anorectal cancer receiving standard chemoradiotherapy. Use of chemoradiotherapy with a radioprotector leads to indirect restoration of cellular functional activity. This is confirmed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence faster reaching its maximum and a decrease in the number of significant differences from the control group after the start of the drug treatment.
Kidney cancer recurrence: predictors and outcomes of repeat partial nephrectomy (literature review)
Authors: Guliev B. G.
Published: May 2023

In the last ten years, the number of organ preservation surgeries for kidney cancer significantly increased. Per literature data, the incidence of recurrences after partial nephrectomy is between 2.9 and 11 %, mostly they are located in the operated or contralateral kidney. Positive surgical margin, high stage and histological subtype of the tumor, as well as hereditary diseases, can serve as predictors for recurrences. In renal cancer recurrences, radical nephrectomy, ablation therapy and repeat tumor resection are possible treatment methods. Kidney resection, same as in primary renal tumors, leads to chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular complications. Different ablation methods, despite their low invasiveness, are not always technically possible. Therefore, in patients with kidney cancer recurrence and satisfactory functional status, repeat partial nephrectomy can be a method of choice. The literature describes the outcomes of open repeat kidney resection with high incidence of general and severe complications. The number of these complications significantly decreased due to the use of robot-assisted access for resection of recurrent renal tumors. Functional characteristics of repeat kidney resections do not significantly decrease, especially in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Oncological outcomes of these surgeries remain intermediate, further prospective multi-center trials are needed for their confirmation.
Modern mRNA-based molecular diagnostics for prediction of urothelial carcinoma behavior
Authors: Startsev V. Yu. , Vorobyov S. L. , Tyapkin N. I. , Saad A. E. , Kondratiev G. V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Bladder cancer, or urothelial carcinoma, is a common, aggressive, and still difficult to predict disease. For adequate therapy, timely diagnosis is essential since early detection of this tumor can significantly increase patient's survival at any age. Molecular genetic studies in cancer patients, including those with urothelial carcinoma, are becoming increasingly important. A number of major molecular genetic biomarkers of urothelial carcinoma are described in the world literature and used in clinical practice, however, information on the role of microRNA (miRNA) studies in the diagnosis of this disease has become available only in recent years.

Aim. To examine information of the world literature on the significance of miRNA identification in resected bladder tissues with non-muscle invasive urothelial tumors.

Materials and methods. We studied information from the world medical literature in the PubMed, CrossRef and Scopus databases dated between 2001 and 2022 on the significance of miRNA identification in resected bladder tissues with non-muscle invasive urothelial tumors.

Results. The results of the studies demonstrate that predictive levels of some miRNAs, as well as their associated proteins, should be assessed in the original tumor tissue and urinary vesicles in different clinical settings. The use of molecular genetic research, as one of the new diagnostic methods, will allow to personalize treatment for a particular patient and, if necessary, make a choice in favor of a more aggressive treatment method. In turn, this will increase the overall survival and quality of life of patients with aggressive tumors.

Conclusion. The next few years may bring many new discoveries that will help to unlock the secrets of miRNA dysregulation in urothelial carcinoma, leading to development and application of new targeted therapies in this patient population.
Epidemiological review of multiple primary malignant neoplasms of the prostate, kidney, and bladder
Authors: Mylnikov A. M. , Maslyakova G. N.
Published: May 2023

Background. In recent years, an increase in the incidence of multiple primary malignancies has been observed. Multiple primary malignancies are an independent occurrence and development of two or more neoplasms of different histological origin in one patient.

Aim. To evaluate epidemiological, clinical and morphological aspects of primary multiple malignant neoplasms of the prostate, kidney, and bladder.

Materials and methods. Data analysis of the work report of the Saratov region oncological service in 2019, presented by the Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, patient case histories in the archive of the medical information system was performed.

We performed a comparative analysis of the literature sources and data we obtained based to the following criteria: topographic anatomical combination of tumor locations, distribution of tumor combinations depending on time of occurrence (synchronous, metachronous), dynamics of urogenital multiple primary malignancies diagnosis in 2012-2019, distribution by gender and age, combination of stages of tumor process in both tumors, distribution by combination of histological types.

Results. Between 2012 and 2019, 783 cases of multiple primary tumors with lesions in the urogenital system were identified. We studied 186 cases with a combination of two malignant neoplasms in the prostate, kidney, and bladder. Tumors developed synchronously in 36 % of patients, metachronously in 64 %. Mean patient age was 75 years. Half of the cases were in the group of localized stages - 90 (48.4 %), with the most common combination of TI-TII stages observed in 46 (24.7 %) cases. Combinations of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (34.7 %), clear cell renal carcinoma (27.8 %), papillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (12.5 %) were the most common according to histological diagnosis of primary multiple tumors of the urogenital system.

Conclusion. Over the recent years we can observe a steady growth of diagnosable urogenital multiple primary malignancies. Morphological verification of the tumor and revelation of the most frequent histological types allows to assume the presence of the common mechanisms of development and the influence of tumor microenvironment on the growth of both tumors in a multiple primary malignancies pair.
Retroperitoneoscopic access in organ-preserving treatment of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chaykov V. S. , Dementyev I. O. , Karyakin O. B. , Shchukina E. O. , Troyanov A. V. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: May 2023

Background. Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common urologic cancers. Due to development of modern diagnostic methods, kidney tumors are often diagnosed at early stages (cT1a-T1b). The golden standard of treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma is tumor resection. In retroperitoneoscopic access, the time to artery access is decreased, the risk of intra- and postoperative complications is reduced. Retroperitoneal access is preferable for tumors located on the lateral or posterior kidney surface.

Aim. To analyze the results of treatment of patients after retroperitoneoscopic kidney resection.

Materials and methods. Between 2018 and 2021, at the A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center - branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center 47 retroperitoneoscopic kidney resections were performed (29 (61.7 %) in men, 18 (38.3 %) in women) due to stage cT1aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma. Retrospective analysis of demographic data, comorbid status, tumor characteristics, operative time, blood loss volume, frequency and severity of complications per the Clavien-Dindo classification was performed. Complexity of resection was evaluated using the R.E.N.A.L. scale.

Results. Mean patient age was 63 (38-79) years, body mass index was 29.9 (22-39) kg/m2. Tumor of the left kidney was diagnosed in 24 (51.0 %) cases, of the right kidney - in 22 (46.8 %) cases, bilateral lesions - in 1 (2.2 %) case. Mean tumor size was 22.4 (11-39) mm. Resection had low complexity in 35 (74.5 %) cases, intermediate complexity in 12 (25.5 %) cases. Mean operative time was 156 (80-280) minutes, mean warm ischemia time was 19 (7-32) minutes, number of resections with zero ischemia was 15 (31.9 %), mean blood loss volume was 53 (10-300) mL, number of resections without renal parenchyma suturing was 10 (21.3 %). Mean hospitalization time after surgery was 5 days. Postoperative complications were observed in 4 (8.5 %) cases: bleeding (severity grade II per the Clavien-Dindo classification) in 1 (2.1 %) case, postoperative infectious complications (severity grade II) - in 2 (4.2 %) cases, subcutaneous hematoma (severity grade I) - in 1 (2.1 %) case.

Conclusion. Retroperitoneoscopic access is effective and safe. This is confirmed by low frequency and severity of postoperative complications. This access allows to reduce hospitalization time and pain management medication which accelerates patient mobilization and recovery. Comparative analysis shows that retroperitoneoscopic kidney resection has the same effectiveness as laparoscopic resection.
Robot-assisted repeat resection of recurrent kidney tumors
Authors: Guliev B. G.
Published: May 2023

Background. Currently, organ-preserving surgery of kidney tumors often involves robot-assisted access. It can also be used in partial nephrectomy in patients with local recurrence after previous resection.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of repeat robot-assisted partial nephrectomy of recurrent kidney tumors.

Materials and methods. At the Urology Center of the Mariinsky Hospital (Saint Petersburg) between 2018 and 2022 robot-assisted partial nephrectomy was performed in 86 patients (46 (59.5 %) men and 40 (40.5 %) women) with stage Т1а (n = 72) and Tib (n = 14) kidney tumors. Mean patient age was 58.0 ± 8.5 years, tumor size varied between 1.2 and 5.2 cm. Seven (7) patients were operated on due to tumor recurrence after previously performed partial nephrectomy. In all cases, lesion was located outside the site of primary resection. Mean time between the 1st and 2nd surgeries was 24 (12-46) months. Histological examination of primary tumor showed renal cell carcinoma in 4 patients, papillary carcinoma in 2 patients, chromophobe carcinoma in 1 patient. In 5 patients, one recurrent lesion was diagnosed, in 2 patients - two. Ligation of the renal artery was performed in 2 patients, its branch - in 3, ischemia-free resection - in 2 patients. Evaluation of mean operating time, blood loss volume, warm ischemia time, pre- and postoperative kidney function was performed.

Results. Mean operating time of repeat partial nephrectomy was 180 (130-210) minutes. Warm ischemia time for renal artery ligation was 16 and 20 minutes, for selective ischemia 14, 18 and 24 minutes. Mean blood loss volume was 220 (80-650) ml. No intraoperative complications were observed, grade I-II postoperative complications per the Clavien classification were observed in 2 patients. Mean decrease in glomerular filtration time was 8 % (from 62 to 54 mL/min/1.73 m2). During 16-month follow up period, tumor recurrence was not observed.

Conclusion. Robotic access allows to safely and effectively perform resection of recurrent kidney tumors with satisfactory functional and intermediate oncological outcomes.