bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and excess mortality in Russia: Regional estimates of life expectancy losses in 2020 and excess deaths in 2021
Authors: Scherbov Sergei , Gietel-Basten Stuart , Ediev Dalkhat , Shulgin Sergey , Sanderson Warren
Published: November 2022

Accurately counting the human cost of the COVID-19 at both the national and regional level is a policy priority. The Russian Federation currently reports one of the higher COVID-19 mortality rates in the world; but estimates of mortality differ significantly. Using a statistical method accounting for changes in the population age structure, we present the first national and regional estimates of excess mortality for 2021; calculations of excess mortality by age, gender, and urban/rural status for 2020; and mean remaining years of life expectancy lost at the regional level. We estimate that there were 351,158 excess deaths in 2020 and 678,022 in 2021 in the Russian Federation; and, in 2020, around 2.0 years of life expectancy lost. While the Russian Federation exhibits very high levels of excess mortality compared to other countries, there is a wide degree of regional variation: in 2021, excess deaths expressed as a percentage of expected deaths at the regional level range from 27% to 52%. Life expectancy loss is generally greater for males; while excess mortality is greater in urban areas. For Russia as whole, an average person who died due to the pandemic in 2020 would have otherwise lived for a further 14 more years (and as high as 18 years in some regions), disproving the widely held view that excess mortality during the pandemic period was concentrated among those with few years of life remaining–especially for females. At a regional level, less densely populated, more remote regions, rural regions appear to have fared better regarding excess mortality and life expectancy loss–however, a part of this differential could be owing to measurement issues. The calculations demonstrate more clearly the true degree of the human cost of the pandemic in the Russian Federation.
Improved jellyfish gelatin quality through ultrasound-assisted salt removal and an extraction process
Authors: Lueyot Artima , Wonganu Benjamaporn , Rungsardthong Vilai , Vatanyoopaisarn Savitri , Hutangura Pokkwan , Wongsa-Ngasri Pisit , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Charoenlappanit Sawanya , Wu Tao , Thumthanaruk Benjawan
Published: November 2022

The use of by-products of salted jellyfish for gelatin production offers valuable gelatin products rather than animal feed. Several washes or washing machines have reported removing salt in salted jellyfish. However, the green ultrasound technique has never been reported for the desalination of salted jellyfish. The objectives were to determine how effectively the raw material’s salt removal was done by combining the traditional wash and then subjected to the ultrasonic waves in a sonication bath for 20–100 min. For gelatin production, the ultrasonicated jellyfish by-products were pretreated with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, washed, and extracted with hot water for 4, 6, and 8 h. Results showed that the increased duration of ultrasound time increased the desalination rate. The highest desalination rate of 100% was achieved using 100 min ultrasonic time operated at a fixed frequency (40 kHz) and power (220 W). The jellyfish gelatin extracted for 4, 6, and 8 h showed gel strengths in 121–447, 120–278, and 91–248 g. The 80 min ultrasonicated sample and hot water extraction for 8 h (JFG80-8) showed the highest gel yield of 32.69%, with a gel strength of 114.92 g. Still, the 40 min ultrasonicated sample with 4 h of extraction delivered the highest gel strength of 447.01 g (JFG40-4) and the lower yield of 10.60%. The melting and gelling temperatures of jellyfish gelatin from ultrasonicated samples ranged from 15–25°C and 5–12°C, which are lower than bovine gelatin (BG) and fish gelatin (FG). Monitored by FITR, the synergistic effect of extended sonication time (from 20–100 min) with 4 h extraction time at 80 °C caused amide I, II, and III changes. Based on the proteomic results, the peptide similarity of JFG40-4, having the highest gel strength, was 17, 23, or 20 peptides compared to either BG, FG, or JFG100-8 having the lowest gel strength. The 14 peptides were similarly found in all JFG40-4, BG, and FG samples. In conclusion, for the first time in this report, the improved jellyfish gel can be achieved when combined with traditional wash and 40 min ultrasonication of desalted jellyfish and extraction time of 4 h at 80 °C.
Assessing the effect of compounds from plantar foot sweat, nesting material, and urine on social behavior in male mice, Mus musculus
Authors: Barabas Amanda J. , Soini Helena A. , Novotny Milos V. , Lucas Jeffrey R. , Erasmus Marisa A. , Cheng Heng-Wei , Palme Rupert , Gaskill Brianna N.
Published: November 2022

Home cage aggression causes poor welfare in male laboratory mice and reduces data quality. One of the few proven strategies to reduce aggression involves preserving used nesting material at cage change. Volatile organic compounds from the nesting material and several body fluids not only correlate with less home cage aggression, but with more affiliative allo-grooming behavior. To date, these compounds have not been tested for a direct influence on male mouse social behavior. This study aimed to determine if 4 previously identified volatile compounds impact home cage interactions. A factorial design was used with cages equally split between C57BL/6N and SJL male mice (N = 40). Treatments were randomly assigned across cages and administered by spraying one compound solution on each cage’s nesting material. Treatments were refreshed after day 3 and during cage change on day 7. Home cage social behavior was observed throughout the study week and immediately after cage change. Several hours after cage change, feces were collected from individual mice to measure corticosterone metabolites as an index of social stress. Wound severity was also assessed after euthanasia. Measures were analyzed with mixed models. Compound treatments did not impact most study measures. For behavior, SJL mice performed more aggression and submission, and C57BL/6N mice performed more allo-grooming. Wound severity was highest in the posterior region of both strains, and the middle back region of C57BL/6N mice. Posterior wounding also increased with more observed aggression. Corticosterone metabolites were higher in C57BL/6N mice and in mice treated with 3,4-dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione with more wounding. These data confirm previous strain patterns in social behavior and further validates wound assessment as a measure of escalated aggression. The lack of observed treatment effects could be due to limitations in the compound administration procedure and/or the previous correlation study, which is further discussed.
Predictors of unwillingness to receive COVID -19 vaccines among Ethiopian Medical students
Authors: Getachew Dawit , Yosef Tewodros , Solomon Nahom , Tesfaye Melkamsew , Bekele Eyob
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Medical students are among the potential risky population for the transmission of COVID 19 infections; their willingness to receive COVID 19 vaccine is not well studied. Thus, this study assessed Predictors of Unwillingness to receive COVID -19 vaccines among Ethiopian Medical students.

Methods

From the 25th of May, 2020 to the 26th of June, 2021, an institution-based cross-sectional study was done at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital,On 313 medical students from each department and batch were chosen using a multistage sampling approach. A bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were done to identify the predictors of Unwillingness to receive COVID -19 vaccines. Figures, tables, and graphs were used to present the findings. The adjusted odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval were provided.

Results

In this study 124 (40.7%) 95% CI (35.1,46.4) medical students were not willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. And also increased in the age of the student[AOR 0.43, 95% CI; (.29,.63)], Knowledge status about COVID 19 infection transmission, risk factors and control behavior[AOR 1.45, 95% CI; (1.14, 1.85)], perceived susceptibility to COVID 19 infection [AOR 1.70 (1.15, 2.51)], perceived severity of COVID 19 infection[AOR 1.26 (1.01, 1.57)], perceived benefit of COVID 19 vaccine [AOR .58(.38, .88)], positive attitude towards COVID 19 vaccines [AOR .46(.35, .62)], and confidence in safety and efficacy of the vaccine and public authorities decissin in the best interest of the community [AOR 1.93(1.24, 2.99)] were predictors of non-willingness to receive COVID 19 vaccine.

Conclusion

Non-willingness to accept the COVID 19 vaccine was predicted by student age, elements in the Health belief model such as anticipated susceptibility, severity, and benefit, and a positive attitude and trust in the vaccine.
Long-term exposure to low concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alterations in platelet indices: A longitudinal study in China
Authors: Cui Jing , Zhang Ting , Zhang Chao , Xue Zhenwei , Chen Durong , Kong Xiaona , Zhao Caili , Guo Yufeng , Li Zimeng , Liu Xiaoming , Duan Jiefang , Peng Wenjie , Zhou Xiaolin , Yu Hongmei
Published: November 2022

Long-term exposure to low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration may ave detrimental effects, including changing platelet indices. Effects of chronic exposure to low PAH concentrations have been evaluated in cross-sectional, but not in longitudinal studies, to date. We aimed to assess the effects of long-term exposure to the low-concentration PAHs on alterations in platelet indices in the Chinese population. During 2014–2017, we enrolled 222 participants who had lived in a village in northern China, 1–2 km downwind from a coal plant, for more than 25 years, but who were not employed by the plant or related businesses. During three follow-ups, annually in June, demographic information and urine and blood samples were collected. Eight PAHs were tested: namely 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, 9-hydroxyfluorene (9-OHFlu), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPh), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OHPh), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), and 3-hydroxybenzo [a] pyrene. Five platelet indices were measured: platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet crit, and the platelet-large cell ratio. Generalized mixed and generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate correlations between eight urinary PAH metabolites and platelet indices. Model 1 assessed whether these correlations varied over time. Models 2 and 3 adjusted for additional personal information and personal habits. We found the following significant correlations: 2-OHPh (Model1 β1 = 18.06, Model2 β2 = 18.54, Model β3 = 18.54), 1-OHPh (β1 = 16.43, β2 = 17.42, β3 = 17.42), 1-OHP(β1 = 13.93, β2 = 14.03, β3 = 14.03) with PLT, as well as 9-OHFlu with PDW and MPV (odds ratio or Model3 ORPDW[95%CI] = 1.64[1.3–2.06], ORMPV[95%CI] = 1.33[1.19–1.48]). Long-term exposure to low concentrations of PAHs, indicated by2-OHPh, 1-OHPh, 1-OHP, and 9-OHFlu, as urinary biomarkers, affects PLT, PDW, and MPV. 9-OHFlu increased both PDW and MPV after elimination of the effects of other PAH exposure modes.
Executive function, self-regulation skills, behaviors, and socioeconomic status in early childhood
Authors: Cuartas Jorge , Hanno Emily , Lesaux Nonie K. , Jones Stephanie M.
Published: November 2022

Background and objectives

Prior research has established steep socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in children’s cognitive skills at kindergarten entry. Yet, few studies have had comprehensive, multi-informant data to examine SES-related differences in foundational social and emotional skills and executive function. The objective of the current study is to systematically examine SES-related differences in young children’s executive function (EF), self-regulation skills, and behaviors.

Methods

The current study analyzed data on 2,309 young children from the Early Learning Study at Harvard (ELS@H). Multi-method (direct-assessment and reports) and multi-informant (parents and early education and care educators) information on children’s executive function, self-regulation skills, and internalizing, externalizing, and adaptive behaviors were used. A parametric framework employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation was used to quantify the size of the SES-related differences in this set of children’s foundational social-emotional skills.

Results

On average, there were differences of 0.24–0.45SDfor EF, 0.22–0.32SDfor self-regulation skills, and 0.27–0.54SDfor behaviors favoring children from the highest SES quartile of the distribution of SES relative to children from the lowest quartile. The SES-related differences were consistent across direct assessment, parent reports, and educator reports. Some differences were larger for older children relative to their younger counterparts.

Conclusions

Findings indicate a need for comprehensive intervention efforts well before kindergarten entry aimed at closing early disparities in children’s foundational social and emotional skills and executive function.
Automatic assessment of laparoscopic surgical skill competence based on motion metrics
Authors: Ebina Koki , Abe Takashige , Hotta Kiyohiko , Higuchi Madoka , Furumido Jun , Iwahara Naoya , Kon Masafumi , Miyaji Kou , Shibuya Sayaka , Lingbo Yan , Komizunai Shunsuke , Kurashima Yo , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Ryuji , Osawa Takahiro , Murai Sachiyo , Tsujita Teppei , Sase Kazuya , Chen Xiaoshuai , Konno Atsushi , Shinohara Nobuo
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to characterize the motion features of surgical devices associated with laparoscopic surgical competency and build an automatic skill-credential system in porcine cadaver organ simulation training. Participants performed tissue dissection around the aorta, dividing vascular pedicles after applying Hem-o-lok (tissue dissection task) and parenchymal closure of the kidney (suturing task). Movements of surgical devices were tracked by a motion capture (Mocap) system, and Mocap-metrics were compared according to the level of surgical experience (experts: ≥50 laparoscopic surgeries, intermediates: 10–49, novices: 0–9), using the Kruskal-Wallis test and principal component analysis (PCA). Three machine-learning algorithms: support vector machine (SVM), PCA-SVM, and gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), were utilized for discrimination of the surgical experience level. The accuracy of each model was evaluated by nested and repeated k-fold cross-validation. A total of 32 experts, 18 intermediates, and 20 novices participated in the present study. PCA revealed that efficiency-related metrics (e.g., path length) significantly contributed to PC 1 in both tasks. Regarding PC 2, speed-related metrics (e.g., velocity, acceleration, jerk) of right-hand devices largely contributed to the tissue dissection task, while those of left-hand devices did in the suturing task. Regarding the three-group discrimination, in the tissue dissection task, the GBDT method was superior to the other methods (median accuracy: 68.6%). In the suturing task, SVM and PCA-SVM methods were superior to the GBDT method (57.4 and 58.4%, respectively). Regarding the two-group discrimination (experts vs. intermediates/novices), the GBDT method resulted in a median accuracy of 72.9% in the tissue dissection task, and, in the suturing task, the PCA-SVM method resulted in a median accuracy of 69.2%. Overall, the mocap-based credential system using machine-learning classifiers provides a correct judgment rate of around 70% (two-group discrimination). Together with motion analysis and wet-lab training, simulation training could be a practical method for objectively assessing the surgical competence of trainees.
Finding Ways to Improve Korean Standard Response Procedures by Analyzing Disaster Management Systems in Foreign Countries
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Shin Hee Young , Seo Kyung Min , Choi Woo Jung
Published: November 2022

The aim of this research is to establish a comparative analysis framework of domestic and foreign disaster response procedures and to suggest ways to improve Korean standard response procedures. Major variables in this study are as follows: ① command and support system of Countermeasures Headquarters, ② cooperative relationships among related organizations, ③ The response organizations’ activity characteristics in operation stage. The authors schematized each countries’ characteristics which are defined as vertical(command and support) and horizontal(cooperative) relationships to identify the connections among factors in disaster response procedure. The findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen the coordination role of Ministry of the Interior and Safety(MOIS), to build the integrated command system, to write a customized disaster response plan, to strengthen the regional governments’ coordination functions, and to develop specific details on inter-organization collaboration.
The Effects of Sincerity and Empathy on Communication Ability of Nursing Student Who Experienced a Non-face-to-face Semester Due to COVID-19
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Mi Young , Kim Yun Ah
Published: November 2022

The purposes of this study was to examine the effects of sincerity and empathy on the communication ability of nursing students who experienced non-face-to-face classes. The data was collected by questionnaires from 127 sophomores who attended non-face-to-face classes for one year as nursing students at two universities in G city. The data were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. The result of the study, the average score of communication ability was 3.14. The higher the sincerity(β=.29, p<.001), the higher the major satisfaction of the non-face-to-face class(β=.16, p=.017), academic performance(β=.17, p=.022), cyber interaction, and interpersonal relationship were higher(β=.14, p=.037), and the explanation power was 43.5%(F=18.51, p<.001). Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop a systematic program that can promote communication ability and sincerity of nursing students who have experienced non-face-to-face classes interactions and interpersonal relationships in cyberspace.
A Functional Integration Model of Border Information Management
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yang Jong Soo , Kang Jeong Hyang , Jeon Yongil
Published: November 2022

The pandemic of infectious diseases including COVID 19 are clearly a major threat to country border line management. As stricter border management has become an effective way to block the inflow of infectious diseases, the Korean government has also implemented an integrated borderline management system. However, the newly implemented border risk management is inefficiently operated through the cooperation of quarantine, immigration management and customs. Thus, we propose an improved cooperative border management plan by integrating not only on-site procedures but also the information sharing of border management strategies. We review a systematic border information management system by utilizing information that is used only by the information producers, and we suggest specific implementation measures to collect and share the information set. Our functional integration by utilizing information sets establishes a unified border management system that can be distributed among individual border agencies (thus overcoming information monopoly), efficiently preventing most of the possible border risks.
Characteristics of Pediatric Stratified by Age Presenting to the Emergency Department with Gastroenteritis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Ji Yeon , Lee Myoung Hwa , Huh Young Jin , Oh Mi Ra
Published: November 2022

This study examined the characteristics of pediatric stratified by age who presented to the emergency department (ED) with gastroenteritis. Using the National Emergency Department Information System from January 1 to December 31, 2019, were analyzed for 191,035 cases of gastroenteritis patients aged < 19 years. In the ED, abdominal pain was the most common symptom among pediatrics (32.0%): the proportion of abdominal pain cases among the 2-11 years, and 12-18 years was 34.9% and 39.5%, respectively; vomiting was the most common among infants aged 0-1 years (44.5%). The patient’s visited 18-24 hours (43.9%), weekdays & nights (42.7%) and winter (30.6%) were high. For the triage, the grades were as follows: 0-1 years, severe (51.3%); 2-11 years, mild (63.5%); 12-18 years, mild (63.9%). ED discharge rates were high for all ages, and the hospitalization rate was the highest for those aged 0-1 years. The younger the age, the longer the length of stay and the more frequent the visits. Age-based differences in the characteristics of pediatrics presenting to the ED with gastroenteritis were observed.
Developing a Scale for Community Resilience: A Communication Approach
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ham Seungkyung
Published: November 2022

Although communication is an important factor constituting community resilience, previous research did not measure the communication factor. This was so because communication was viewed simply as a process of information exchange. In the present study, communication is defined in terms of the relationship to be formed before disaster. A measurement tool consisting of 20 items was developed by reviewing previous studies and analyzing in-depth interviews with experts and the general public. Two surveys were conducted. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed the following three factors: ‘local government leadership’, ‘efficacy of community members’, and ‘two-way communication’. The discriminative and convergent validity of the measurement tool were confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the predictive validity was confirmed through the relevance to social support. The community resilience scale developed in this study can be meaningfully used in future research used to recover the community from disasters and to minimize damage.
A Fire Response Measures of ESS (Energy Storage System) by Making a Mobile Shielding Equipment
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Jeon Mi Hee , Kim Si Chang , Jo Sang Un , Choi Bok Moo , Kim Jae Pyeong
Published: November 2022

ESS facility’s demand and supply are increasing explosively because of ‘Carbon Neutral’ energy policy for human beings sustainable development. However lithium-ion batteries which are mostly used in ESS have a fatal shortcoming that they are sensitive to heat and impact. So our research team proceeds a study about two main purposes to protect our citizens safety from a fire risk of ESS. First, we make a shielding equipment that blocks out radiation and minimizes exhaustion of physical strength so that firefighters can search obstructive factors more safety and efficiently while putting out the fire. Second, we make an efficient confrontational tactic that utilizes the developed shielding equipment. Through our research, we expect it will be used for basic research data that makes fire response capability strong about ESS facility.
A Study on the Effect of Safety Leadership of Team Leader of Special Warfare Forces on Organizational Effectiveness: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Resilience Capability
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Dong Jun , Park Hyo Sun
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to ensure that the safety leadership of the Special Warfare Forces is affects organizational effectiveness and the mediating effect of Resilience capability. The results of this study are as follows; First, as studying the effect of safety leadership on organizational effectiveness, it was found that inducing interest and participation in safety among sub-variables of safety leadership had an effect on organizational efficiency. Second, as studying the effect of safety leadership on resilience capability, it was found that safety communication, safety will, and attitudes, safety behavior, and activity, which are sub-variables of safety leadership, affect resilience capability. Third, as studying the effect of resilience capability on organizational effectiveness, it was found that the respond capability among the sub-variables of resilience capability had the most influence on organizational effectiveness. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the mediating effect of Resilience capability in the influence of safety leadership on organizational effectiveness, it was confirmed that all of the variables had mediating effects.
Efficacy of a Digital Personalized Elimination Diet for the Self-Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Comorbid Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jactel Samuel N. , Olson Joseph M. , Wolin Kathleen Y. , Brown Jordan , Pathipati Mythili P. , Jagiella Valerie J. , Korzenik Joshua R.
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and dual-diagnosis IBS and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) report that symptoms originate from or are exacerbated by trigger foods. Despite patient interest and need, there is no consensus on what diet is optimal. Popular diets have notable limitations including cost, length, implementation complexity, and lack of personalization.

METHODS:

This pilot study evaluated the feasibility, desirability, and effect on gastrointestinal symptoms of a digitally delivered personalized elimination diet for patients with IBS and comorbid IBS/IBD, powered by machine learning. Participants were recruited online and were provided access to a digital personalized nutrition tool for 9 weeks (N = 37; IBS only = 16, Crohn's disease and IBS = 9, and ulcerative colitis and IBS = 12).

RESULTS:

Significant symptom improvement was seen for 81% of participants at study midpoint and persisted for 70% at end point, measured by the relevant symptom severity score (IBS symptom severity score, Patient Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, or Mobile Health Index for Crohn's disease). Clinically significant symptom improvement was observed in 78% of participants at midpoint and 62% at end point. Twenty-five participants (67.6%) achieved total symptomatic resolution by the end of study. Patient-reported quality of life improved for 89% of participants. Ninety-five percentage daily engagement, 95% retention, 89% adherence and 92% satisfaction with the program were reported.

DISCUSSION:

Dietary elimination can improve symptoms and quality of life in patients with IBS and comorbid IBS/IBD. Digital technology can personalize dietary interventions and improve adherence. Randomized controlled trials are warranted.
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE MADE FROM RECYCLED SAND
Authors: Kechkar Chiraz , Kherraf Leila , Abdelouahid Assia , Hebhoub Houria
Published: November 2022

The main objective of this study of research is to initiate and develop a comparative study of fresh and hardened properties of concretes made from recycled sand from three types of waste: marble waste, tiling waste and cinder block waste. And this, in the intention of contributing to the world effort relating to the preserve of natural aggregate resources and limit landfill to the ultimate waste thresholds.

To do this, in the composition of a current concrete with a water / cement ratio equal to 0.55, an equivalent volume of sand from the three wastes respectively replaced a volume of 15% of the ordinary sand. The properties in the fresh state: workability, air content and density and in the hardened state: compressive strength, Flexural tensile strength, compressive strength determined with non-destructive tests, water absorption by immersion, absorption by capillarity and chloride penetration of the various concretes produced are analyzed, and compared to those of the control concrete.

The results obtained show that the concretes containing the waste sands have acceptable characteristics. However, tiling waste sand performs better than the other two recycled sands.
Study on time effect of bearing capacity of Offshore Large Diameter Monopiles
Authors: Yang Suchun , Chen Qiang , Bie Shean , He Fubo
Published: November 2022

In order to improve the evaluation ability of bearing capacity of offshore large-diameter monopile, the initial high strain detection and repeated high strain detection with an interval of 10-84 days were carried out on 6 large-diameter monopiles with a diameter of 7.2m-7.4m in the offshore wind field dominated by cohesive soil layer. The results show that the time-dependent increase of tip resistance, pile side resistance and total resistance of large-diameter monopiles in the same offshore wind farm has great discreteness, and the axial force increment of pile has a consistent change trend. This paper puts forward the prediction interval of 95% guarantee rate of bearing capacity increment of offshore large-diameter single pile based on depth, which provides a basis for the design of large-diameter monopile.
Self-perceived loneliness and depression during the Covid-19 pandemic: a two-wave replication study
Authors: Carollo Alessandro , Bizzego Andrea , Gabrieli Giulio , Wong Keri Ka-Yee , Raine Adrian , Esposito Gianluca
Published: November 2022

The global Covid-19 pandemic has forced countries to impose strict lockdown restrictions and mandatory stay-at-home orders with varying impacts on individual’s health. Combining a data-driven machine learning paradigm and a statistical approach, our previous paper documented a U-shaped pattern in levels of self-perceived loneliness in both the UK and Greek populations during the first lockdown (17 April to 17 July 2020). The current paper aimed to test the robustness of these results by focusing on data from the first and second lockdown waves in the UK. We tested a) the impact of the chosen model on the identification of the most time-sensitive variable in the period spent in lockdown. Two new machine learning models – namely, support vector regressor (SVR) and multiple linear regressor (MLR) were adopted to identify the most time-sensitive variable in the UK dataset from Wave 1 (n = 435). In the second part of the study, we tested b) whether the pattern of self-perceived loneliness found in the first UK national lockdown was generalisable to the second wave of the UK lockdown (17 October 2020 to 31 January 2021). To do so, data from Wave 2 of the UK lockdown (n = 263) was used to conduct a graphical inspection of the week-by-week distribution of self-perceived loneliness scores. In both SVR and MLR models, depressive symptoms resulted to be the most time-sensitive variable during the lockdown period. Statistical analysis of depressive symptoms by week of lockdown resulted in a U-shaped pattern between weeks 3 and 7 of Wave 1 of the UK national lockdown. Furthermore, although the sample size by week in Wave 2 was too small to have a meaningful statistical insight, a graphical U-shaped distribution between weeks 3 and 9 of lockdown was observed. Consistent with past studies, these preliminary results suggest that self-perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms may be two of the most relevant symptoms to address when imposing lockdown restrictions.
The Implementation of Sharf Learning Using KH. Muhammad Yusuf's Method at Terbuka Junior High School Wanar Lamongan / Penerapan Pembelajaran Sharf dengan Menggunakan Metode KH Muhammad Yusuf di SMP Terbuka Wanar Lamongan
Authors: Fivi Nur Alifah  , Muhammad Thohir
Published: November 2022

A lot of sentence changes in Arabic make it difficult for students to interpret Arabic texts, students lack understanding about the meaning of words that have changed from the original form to another form. The purpose of this study is to find out in depth about the sharf learning process at The Open Junior High School by using the KH Muhammad Yusuf sharf method, and also to find out the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in this method. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with data sources, namely direct interviews with teachers at SMP located in the village of Wanar, Lamongan Regency. The results of this study are the students required to memorize a wazan along with examples in one day. The focus of the material on the four bina’ which are most often found in Arabic texts. The supporting factors in this study are sharf books, teachers, and boarding schools. While the inhibiting factors in this study are student motivation and student background at the previous level of education.

Keywords: Learning Arabic, Sharf,  KH Muhammad Yusuf Method

 

Abstrak

Perubahan kalimat yang banyak dalam bahasa Arab membuat siswa kesulitan dalam mengartikan teks yang berbahasa Arab, siswa kurang memahami tentang arti kata yang telah berubah dari bentuk asal ke bentuk lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui secara mendalam tentang proses pembelajaran sharf di SMP Terbuka dengan menggunakan metode sharf KH Muhammad Yusuf, dan ingin mengetahu faktor-faktor pendukung serta factor penghambat dalam metode ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif desrkriptif dengan sumber data yaitu wawancara langsung terhadap guru di SMP Terbuka yang terletak di desa Wanar Kabupaten Lamongan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah siswa di wajibkan menghafalkan satu wazan beserta contohnya dalam waktu satu hari. Serta fokus materi pada empat bina’ yang paling sering di temukan di tek-teks berbahasa Arab. Adapun faktor pendukung dalam pembelajaran ini adalah kitab sharf, guru, dan asrama pesantren. Sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pembelajaran ini adalah motivasi siswa serta latar belakang siswa pada jenjang sebelumnya.

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Sharf, Metode KH Muhammad Yusuf
Ībistīmūlūjiyya Al-Manāhij al-Dirāsiyyah fī Pesantren: Ru’yah Tajdīdiyyah li Ta‘limi al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyyah / Epistemology Curriculum in Pesantren Indonesia: A New Vision for Arabic Learning
Authors: Muhajir Muhajir
Published: November 2022

This article aims to know the development of Arabic language education and the formation of the new epistemological curriculum. This goal appears to treat after the problems facing institutes in designing the curriculum in teaching the language of the Qur'an. After reviewing the data, analyzing it, and discussing it with the appropriate theories, the researcher concluded the following: The first was teaching the Arabic language in the Pesantren using the grammar method and the efficiency of reading religious texts. The second type, which focuses on the Arabic language as a communication tool, is widely used in institutes: modern Islamic education and many modern Islamic educational institutions. The third type of Arabic language education has been used in formal education (public schools and religious schools). It continues to be supplemented, whether in terms of curricula, educational goals, materials, method, or teaching strategies as methods used. Teaching the Arabic language needs to develop a new curriculum that focuses on teaching competencies, namely specific and specific competencies, language competencies, and communicative competencies. These competencies are linked to each other, especially in linguistic and communicative competencies.

Keywords: Curriculum, Arabic Learning, Pesantren, Competencies.      

ملخص

الأهداف المنشودة لهذه المقالة هي معرفة تطوير في تعليم اللغة العربية وتكوين المنهج الابستيمولوجي الجديد فيه. يظهر هذا الهدف لعلاج بعد المشاكل التي تواجه المعاهد في تصميم المنهج الدراسي فى تعليم لغة القرأن. بعد مراجعة  البيانات وتحليلها ومناقشتها  بالنظريات المناسبة  استخلص الباحث فيما يلي: الأول  تم تعليم اللغة العربية في الـمعاهد الإسلامية السلفية (باسانترين) بإستخدام طريقة القواعد وكفاءة قرأة النصوص الدينية. وأما النوع الثاني الذي يركز على أن اللغة العربية أداة الاتصال فيستخدم على نطاق واسعفي الـمعاهد الإسلامية الـعصرية، وعدد كبير منالـمؤسسات التعليمية الإسلامية الحديثة. وأما النوع الثالثلتعليم اللغة العربيةفيستخدم حتى الآن فيالتعليم الرسمي (الـمدارسالعامة والـمدارس الدينية) ويستمر تكميله، سواء من حيث الـمناهج أو أهداف التعليم أو الـمواد أو الطريقة أو استراتيجيات التعليم،وكذلك الوسائل الـمستخدمة.تعليم اللغة العربية تحتاج إلي تطوير المنهج الجديد الذي يتركز فى تعليم الكفاءات وهي الكفاءات النوعية والخاصة و الكفاءات اللغوية والكفاءات التواصلية.هذه الكفاات مرتبطة بعضها من بعض ولاسيما فى الكفاات اللغوية والتواصلية.

الكلمات المفاتحية : المنهج الدراسي، تعليم اللغة العربية، المعهد (باسانترين)، الكفاية
Analysis of the Textbook "Aku Cinta Bahasa Arab" for Grade 1 Elementary School in the Perspective of Cognitive Developmental Psychology
Authors: Dudung Hamdun  , Rafika Rizkinia Mufida  , Pradnya Paramita Nurhapsari
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the feasibility of the textbook "Aku Cinta Bahasa Arab" for grade 1 elementary school published by Tiga Serangkai in terms of the psychology of children's cognitive development. This research is library research with content analysis method. The data collection technique in this research is documentation. Sources of data used in this study are books, journals, documents, articles, and other scientific works relevant to the study's object of study. The main topics of this research are theories related to textbook assessment and cognitive development of elementary-age children. The data collection technique in this research is documentation. Furthermore, to process and analyze the data, the author uses the method of content analysis, which is an analysis of the content that focuses on interpretation in terms of assessing the feasibility of textbooks and reviewing theories of cognitive development for elementary-age children. The results of this study indicate that there is a suitability of the assessment of texts with children's cognitive development. However, there are still errors both in terms of technique and substance of the book. Various improvements are needed to be used as learning materials in accordance with the cognitive development of children in the grade 1  elementary school.

Keywords: Textbooks, Aku Cinta Bahasa Arab, Content Analysis, Cognitive Development.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan buku teks “Aku Cinta Bahasa Arab” untuk Kelas I Madrasah Ibtidaiah yang diterbitkan oleh Tiga Serangkai ditinjau dengan psikologi perkembangan kognitif anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan metode analisis konten. Teknik pengumpulam data pada penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu buku, jurnal, dokumen, artikel, dan karya ilmiah lainnya yang relevan dengan objek kajian pada penelitian ini. Pokok bahasan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teori-teori yang berkaitan dengan penilaian buku teks dan perkembangan kognitif anak usia dasar. Teknik pengumpulam data pada penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi. Selanjutnya, untuk mengolah dan menganalisis data, penulis menggunakan metode content analysis, yaitu analisis terhadap kandungan isi yang berfokus pada interpretasi dari segi penilaian kelayakan buku teks dan ditinjau teori-teori perkembangan kognitif anak usia dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kesesuaian penilaian buku teks dengan perkembangan kognitif anak, namun masih terdapat kesalahan baik dari sisi teknik maupun substansi buku, dan diperlukan berbagai upaya perbaikan supaya dapat dijadikan bahan belajar yang sesuai dengan perkembangan kognitif anak pada usia kelas satu sekolah dasar.

Kata Kunci: Buku Teks, Aku Cinta Bahasa Arab, Analisis Konten, Perkembangan Kognitif
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Authors: Rhamawati Nofri , Sumarsono
Published: November 2022

Learning in the online era is not a barrier for tutoring institutions in providing online services. However, from the user's perspective, there is an inhibiting factor, namely decreased learning motivation when using online learning platforms. One of the aspects is usability and instructional design. In particular, students' approaches to learning through online tutoring systems were examined. Students from various types of education participate in this course namely junior high students, high school students, vocational high school students, universities and the general public. Using a qualitative research approach that examines data from the perspective of student experience. The study found that the completeness and clarity of instructional design had a dominant factor in influencing students' learning motivation. While the usability aspect is not significant enough in influencing the learning motivation of tutoring
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Published: November 2022

La irrelevancia de partidos nativistas y el predominio de actitudes tolerantes en materia migratoria hacían que, hasta fechas recientes, España constituyese una doble excepción en el contexto europeo. La irrupción de VOX en el sistema político supone un punto de inflexión al respecto: la presencia institucional de discursos xenófobos plantea incógnitas sobre la evolución de las actitudes ante la inmigración y los inmigrantes. En base a dinámicas grupales celebradas pocos meses después del primer gran éxito electoral de VOX, el presente estudio examina la propensión de la población española a convertir a los inmigrantes en chivos expiatorios. Los resultados sugieren que la experiencia colectiva de la Gran Recesión alejó a los inmigrantes de este rol. El “efecto VOX” sobre las actitudes ante la inmigración resulta ser inesperadamente polifacético, al comprender una revigorización de concepciones universalistas.
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Published: November 2022

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REKONSTRUKSI POLITIK HUKUM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA TANAH DAN KONFLIK TANAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wirawan Vani
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Kebaradaan sengketa tanah dan konflik tanah dapat merusak tatanan hukum dan menghambat pembangunan serta ekonomi, sehingga diperlukan rekostruksi politik hukum pertanahan yang lebih baik dimasa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengembangkan konstruksi politik hukum baru sebagai upaya penyelesaian sengketa tanah dan konflik tanah masa mendatang dalam ranah administratif dan birokratif. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini yakni diperlukannya pengkajian ulang terhadap pelaksanaan politik hukum pertanahan tentang HMN dan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan pertanahan dalam rangka sinkronisasi kebijakan antar sektor demi terwujudnya prinsip-prinsip sebagaimana dimaksud Pasal 2 Perpres Nomor 86 Tahun 2018 dan Pasal 5 Tap MPR Nomor IX/MPR/2001, serta gagasan perubahan sistem pendaftaran hak atas tanah yakni pengunaan sistem pendaftaran tanah stelsel publikasi negatif menjadi stelsel publikasi positif.
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HKI dalam Vaksin COVID-19 dapat memberikan hambatan dalam proses penanganan Pandemi COVID-19, sedangkan negara memiliki kewajiban untuk melindungi segenap bangsa dan tumpah darah Indonesia sebagaimana diamatkan dalam pembukaan UUD NRI Tahun 1945. Intervensi dilakukan dengan pemberlakuan compulsory licensing ataupun government use. Perubahan Pasal 20 UU Paten melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja berpotensi menimbulkan praktik monopoli terhadap kekayaan intelektual terutama yang berhubungan dengan produk-produk Kesehatan yang berimplikasi pada limitasi akses dan ketersediaannya. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk melihat potensi monopoli vaksin COVID-19 oleh pemegang Paten dan kewajiban negara dalam menyediakan Vaksin COVID-19. Perubahan dalam Pasal 20 UU Paten meringankan kewajiban pelaksanaan Paten di Indonesia dengan pemecahan kategori pelaksanaan paten sehingga pemegang paten dapat menggugurkan kewajiban hanya dengan melaksanakan salah satu dari kegiatan yang diatur. Perubahan atas Pasal 20 UU Paten menciderai amanat pembukaan UUD NRI Tahun 1945 yaitu kewajiban untuk melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS KEBEBASAN SIPIL DALAM PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
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