bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
谈职业技能大赛对学校教育改革的促进
Authors: 迟 磊
Published: August 2020

为了充分展示学生的才华与技能,以赛促教,国家每年都举办各类的职业技能大赛。职业技能大赛是中职学生展现自我,锻炼自我的一个平台,是培养选拔技能型人才的一个重要体系,也是对职业教育近年来深化教育教学改革、加快发展成果的一次重要检验。技能大赛既检验了学生的技能水平和学校的师资力量,同时也检验了学校的课程建设和管理水平。这对于引领职业院校的专业教学改革,促进人才培养模式的创新具有重要作用。
应用型高校城市地下空间工程专业人才培养方案制定
Authors: 张 建国 , 葛 颜慧 , 史 红 , 贾 雪娜 , 王 德明
Published: August 2020

依据城市地下空间工程专业的专业定位及产出导向,结合区域经济社会发展的需求以及山东省轨道交通的发展趋势,以山东交通学院为例,确定了其城市地下空间工程专业的培养目标及毕业要求,在此基础上选择了合适的理论课程体系与实践教学体系,亦可为其他应用型本科院校城市地下空间工程专业的人才培养方案制定提供一定的参考。
新课标下提升小学数学课堂教学有效性的探讨
Authors: 李 晓霞
Published: August 2020

小学数学素养的高低对学生以后的发展有非常重要的影响,因此新课标要求小学数学教师必须充分发挥学生在教学活动中的主体作用,以全面提升数学课堂的有效性,不断增强小学生的数学能力。本文对小学数学课堂有效性的内涵进行了深入解读,并全面分析了当前小学数学课堂教学的现状,进而探讨了提升小学数学课堂有效性的策略,以供相关人员参考。
“向外输出”与“渡老师”的专业成长
Authors: 孙 丽华
Published: August 2020

“渡老师”是要打造一个心理咨询师的品牌,向外界尤其是社会大众传递、树立心理咨询这一行业里工作者的职业形象。由此可见“向外输出”对于“渡老师”的专业成长就尤为重要。本文主要探讨了“输入”与“输出”的关系、“向外输出”对于“渡老师”的专业成长的必要性、以及如何“向外输出”。
在初中地理教学中渗透心理健康教育
Authors: 梁 莹莹
Published: August 2020

学生心理健康教育是教育部基础教育的重要目标之一,在地理教学中渗透学生心理健康教育可以帮助学生能够正确认识自我、激发学习兴趣、缓解学业压力,具有提高学生学习效率的重要意义。本文从地理教学设计的环节与地理课堂的两个角度,利用知网上面搜到的多位教师设计的“多变的天气”优秀教学案例进行分析,提出如何在地理教学中渗透心理健康教育。并指出地理教师在地理课堂上渗透心理健康教育充当的重要角色,提出对地理教师的要求。为教师在地理教学中出现的问题提供教学参考。
关于亚文化“伪娘现象”的表征浅谈
Authors: 张 银双
Published: August 2020

最近,某大学留学生的不当言论,及其女性化的行为举止引起了广泛讨论。本文从该留学生日常行为举止的女性化出发,结合学术界关于“伪娘”现象的讨论,从“伪娘”的概念,表征着手,提出作者关于“伪娘”现象的思考。
浅谈英美文学在高校教学中的作用及启示-以《英美文学教育研究》为例
Authors: 李 维东
Published: August 2020

《英美文学教育研究》一书是林燕平老师和一批教育工作者、青年学者集体研究、改革创新的结果,内容丰富,意义深远。本文以该书的内容为切入点,介绍该书的亮点,进而分析英美文学在高校教学中的作用以及发挥的启示意义,为广大教育工作者提供新思路、新方法、新目标。
英汉翻译中的形合与意合及其应用
Authors: 李 维东
Published: August 2020

形合与意合是英汉对比研究和翻译研究的两个重要概念。目前,学术界的研究非常可观。本文欲通过分析两者之间在词语、短语、句子方面应用的不同展现差异,加深我们对英汉两种语言的认识,从而提高译者英汉翻译能力。
国内外语言测试与评估领域内结构方程模型的应用现状
Authors: 刘 秦春
Published: August 2020

结构方程模型在语言测试与评估领域的应用与日俱增,本研究旨在了解国外以及国内结构方程模型在语言测试与评估这一单一领域内的研究现状。研究发现：较国外而言,国内语言测试与评估领域对结构方程模型的应用并不算多。
融媒体时代大学生自我管理能力的阶段式培养
Authors: 刘 艳双 , 魏 舒荍 , 秦 蕊
Published: August 2020

信息媒介是高校加强学生思想政治教育和日常事务管理的重要载体。融媒体时代下,大学生群体特征变化,高校大学生管理面临冲击。本文详细分析了融媒体背景下大学生自我管理缺失的原因、影响,并探讨此种情况下如何利用融媒体,结合时代特征,分阶段开展大学生自我管理能力的培养工作。
新时代背景下英语教师在大学英语课程思政中的角色定位及作用
Authors: 杨 娟 , 徐 琳
Published: August 2020

在专业课及各类课程中引入课程思政,这是当前我国高等教育改革中的一大创新。大学英语课因其自身的特性,理应成为课程思政的主要“阵地”。在课程思政的实施过程中,教师是一个不可或缺的关键性因素。大学英语教师应明确自己的角色和责任,并积极投入到课程思政的实施和建设中。
双高计划建设视域下高职院校校级交流与合作研究——以人才培养模式为例
Authors: 邓 韵雅
Published: August 2020

知识经济时代,尤其是市场化改革背景下,当前阶段的社会竞争愈演愈烈,人才的竞争核心地位越发突出,其培育工作得到了社会各界的广泛关注。在此过程中,高职院校作为人才培养的主阵地之一,对其教学发展提出了更多、更高要求,“双高计划”建设视域下,通过彼此间的有效交流合作,是实现其育人质量提升的有效手段。本文基于双高计划建设的视角,以人才培养模式为例,在对高职院校校级交流与合作意义、现状做出论述解析的同时,着重就其有效践行路径进行了探究。
浅谈新形势下高校教材建设与管理工作创新
Authors: 范 振凯
Published: August 2020

高校教材是安排学生依照培养计划目标掌握知识、提升能力的重要根据,在教学活动中发挥着确保教学成效、明确教学内容、构建良好教学秩序的功能,教材的建设和管理在教学水平的提升、教学秩序的稳定中特别关键。教材建设是高校开展基本建设的重要组成部分,其对于学生培育质量的提升发挥着不可忽视的作用。高校教材建设工作包含教材的筛选与教材内容的编写,特别是军事院校受各种要素的制约,应当根据自身现实状况,提升教材选择和编写水平,让教材建设的功能得到全面的发挥。在高校教学活动开展时,教材是非常重要的一部分,直接影响了高校教学工作的整体质量。在这种情况下,高校教材建设与管理的重要性愈发凸显。在高校教材建设与管理开展时,要明确教育改革的基本需求,加大管理工作创新的力度,及时解决工作开展中面临的各种问题,为高校人才培养创造有利条件。
多元文化教育与少数民族文化的传承
Authors: 马 晶晶
Published: August 2020

在当下传统教育过程中,对少数民族的教育应予以更多的重视,通过有效的教育管理促进少数民族教育的发展,确保少数民族文化能在当前多元文化的前提下进行传承和发展。同时少数民族的传统文化是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝,需要我们通过有效的保护,促进少数民族优秀传统文化的传承和发展,逐步提升少数民族传统文化的魅力。
基于原生态民歌演唱技巧的研究与实践分析
Authors: 褚 黎明
Published: August 2020

原生态民歌主要指的是我国不同民族在自己独有的生产、生活实践过程当中所创造出来的,通过民间的流传进而衍生出来的民间歌唱音乐表现形式,是中华民族当中的“口头非物质文化遗产”的重要构成部分,针对原生态民歌进行保护,能够促使传统的优秀文化得以继承和发扬。由此,本文以“基于原生态民歌演唱技巧的研究与实践分析”作为重要的研究对象,希望通过本文研究,更有效的促进原生态民歌的发展和改进。
Relationship Between Staging and Carcinoembryonic Antigen Serum Levels In Colorectal Cancer Patients'
Authors: Agusrly Chandra , Sungkar Taufik , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah
Published: August 2020

The staging can be used as one of the prognostic factors providing a clinical picture of the patient in the future in colorectal cancer patient. In addition, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as tumor markers can determine the commonly used diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Objective: The aims study was to investigate the relationship of the staging and carcinoembryonic antigen serum levels in colorectal cancer patients. Methods. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used was colorectal cancer patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan from January 2016 to December 2018. As many as 52 subject study who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine relationship between staging and CEA serum levels. Results: The median value of carcinoembryonic antigen levels in Stage I, II, III, and IV group was (2.74 ng/ml vs 6.16 ng/ml vs 2.52 ng/ml, vs 26.87 ng/ml; p=0.003) respectively. Conclusion: There was relationship between staging and carcinoembryonic antigen serum levels in colorectal cancer patient
Case Report: A Confirmed COVID-19 Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sitepu Annisa Nidya , Santi Syafril
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, a single chain RNA virus with a particle size of 120-160 nm. Covid-19 can affect almost all age groups, despite, the elderly and people who have records of chronic disease (co-morbid) have the risk to be affected more often and with worse complications from this disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for enhancing the severity of COVID-19 infection. A 26 years old man, was referred to the hospital with symptoms of shortness of breath, fever, and cough. The patient has no history of comorbidities, but his father has newly type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The patient was examined, with ad random blood sugar of 220 mg/dL and a chest radiograph suggesting bronchopneumonia. The patient was then examined for fasting and postprandial glucose, HbA1c, and diagnosed with DM, the patient's throat swab showed a positive COVID-19 result. Patients were then treated with antiviral, antibiotic, regulated insulin, and his blood sugar was monitored. The patient's blood sugar is stable and the patient discharge after 34 days of hospitalization.
O silêncio seletivo do acusado no interrogatório
Authors: Delfino Leonardo , Silva Marco Antonio Marques da
Published: August 2020

Decorrência do princípio do nemo tenetur se detegere, segundo o qual nenhuma pessoa deve ser obrigada a produzir prova contra si mesma ou se declarar culpada, o exercício do direito ao silêncio pelo acusado, previsto no artigo 5º, LXIII, da Constituição, na ocasião do interrogatório em juízo (artigos 185 a 196 do Código de Processo Penal) recebe controversa interpretação pelos juízes, sobretudo acerca da possibilidade de exercê-lo seletivamente. A partir de uma interpretação literal do artigo 188 do Código de Processo Penal, membros do Poder Judiciário – parcela minoritária, diga-se – decidem que o acusado que manifesta o desejo não responder às perguntas do juiz de direito e do órgão acusador, na ocasião do interrogatório, não possui o direito de expor a sua versão dos fatos no referido ato, tampouco de responder às perguntas do seu defensor. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise legislativa, o presente artigo tem como objetivo justificar a legalidade e a constitucionalidade da prática do silêncio, na forma seletiva, no interrogatório judicial, bem como expor as razões por que a aludida conduta, por parte das autoridades judiciárias, é equivocada sob as ópticas constitucional, convencional e legal.
Síndrome de Asperger em gêmeos monozigóticos: Relato de caso
Authors: Costa Thalles Ferreira , Marega Rodolpho Seabra , Vidotti Marcia Zucchi
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho tem a finalidade de descrever um relato de caso clínico sobre uma patologia psiquiátrica, a síndrome de Asperger. O relato do caso tem como intuito facilitar o diagnóstico da situação clínica, além de discernir de outros distúrbios globais de desenvolvimento, visto que a descrição do caso clínico pode fornecer referências das características da doença, além do prognóstico. Por meio deste caso busca-se familiarizar a comunidade médica com os achados do exame clínico e psíquico em pacientes com tal patologia, e ainda demonstrar possível o diagnóstico apenas de forma clínica.
Derecho, distribución de la renta y desigualdad
Authors: Cabrillo Francisco , Albert Rocío
Published: August 2020

La desigualdad en la distribución de la renta y la riqueza se ha convertido en un tema de debate frecuente, especialmente desde la crisis económica de 2007. ¿Deberían los legisladores orientar las leyes y los tribunales sus sentencias hacia una mayor igualdad en la distribución? Este artículo analiza los efectos que tal estrategia podría tener no solo en la eficiencia del sistema económico, sino también en la propia desigualdad que se intenta combatir. Muestra la gran complejidad del tema y señala que los efectos no buscados de las leyes y la jurisprudencia pueden generar resultados contrarios a los que se pretende conseguir. El artículo coincide, en esencia, con la tesis de Kaplow y Shavell con respecto al doble perjuicio generado por las normas redistribuidoras ineficientes.
Control judicial sobre cláusulas predispuestas y diseño de contratos de crédito hipotecario en España
Authors: Gómez Pomar Fernando , Artigot Golobardes Mireia
Published: August 2020

La aplicación de los controles judiciales de transparencia y abusividad de condiciones generales en contratos de préstamo hipotecario con consumidores ha provocado una ola de litigios en España. Un efecto colateral de esta nutrida litigación ha alcanzado al diseño del contrato de préstamo hipotecario y sus términos y ha inducido importantes cambios en ellos. No parece que el efecto en el diseño contractual haya aumentado la transparencia del contrato y el bienestar de los consumidores.
REVITALISASI KOTA LAMA MELALUI OPTIMALISASI POTENSI ZONA PENYANGGA KOTA LAMA GRESIK
Authors: Utami Adinda Sih Pinasti Retno , Nasution Tanti Satriana Rosary , Santosa Satya Wahyuputra
Published: August 2020

Konservasi kawasan cagar budaya di Gresik telah dilaksanakan sejak 2009. Proses konservasi meliputi dokumentasi, klasifikasi, dan peningkatan fisik. Namun, kerusakan, perubahan, dan penurunan kualitas di kawasan cagar budaya masih terjadi. Salah satu daerah yang direvitalisasi di Gresik adalah Kampung Kemasan. Fenomena yang muncul saat ini adalah bahwa revitalisasi di Kampung Kemasan dianggap tidak memadai baik untuk memicu kebangkitan kembali wilayah warisan dalam skala yang lebih besar atau untuk menghindari degradasi kualitas kawasan warisan di sekitarnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan solusi dari masalah ini dengan mengusulkan desain yang berfokus pada pengembangan zona penyangga Kampung Kemasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui partisipasi masyarakat untuk memetakan potensi wilayah, observasi, dan interpretasi spasial. Interpretasi spasial dalam hal ini adalah interpretasi karakter ruang yang terbentuk di zona penyangga. Setelah semua data diperoleh, dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode overlay untuk mendapatkan ruang yang akan direncanakan lebih lanjut. Hasil penelitian adalah perencanaan zona penyangga dengan intervensi desain pada street furniture dan area pejalan kaki yang memperkuat citra atau tema kawasan cagar budaya.
DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN JALAN MERR (MIDDLE EAST RING ROAD) II-C TERHADAP KARAKTER BANGUNAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PLACE MAKING
Authors: Susanti Wiwik Dwi , Mutia Fairuz , Utomo Heru Prasetiyo
Published: August 2020

Pembangunan jalan raya Merr II-C merupakan salah satu rangkain proyek Pemkot Surabaya menghubungkan Gunung Anyar sampai Tol Juanda. Dampak dari pembangunan jalan yaitu terbelahnya kampung padat penduduk Gunung Anyar.  Karakter perkampungan yang ditembus oleh pembangunan jalan tersebut yaitu kampung formal dan informal. Karakter kampung informal yang sporadic terlihat jelas dari puing-puing bangunan yang tersisa, sedangkan perkampungan formal juga terlihat dari karakternya yang tersusun rapi. Pada saat ini karakter bangunan berusaha untuk mencari jati diri karena karakter kampung informal masih dapat dideteksi tetapi pengaruh fungsi perdagangan dan jasa di Merr II-A dan Merr II-B sudah mulai terlihat. Sehingga penelitian ini dianggap penting untuk memetekan karakter bangunan yang muncul dampak pembangunan jalan Merr II- C. Dalam memetakan karakter bangunan menggunakan pendekatan  place making, sehingga dapat diketahui karakter pembentuk bangunan.
CREATION AND EXPERIMENTAL TESTING UNIVERSAL SYSTEM OF ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSTICS HEAT ENGINES AND BOILER INSTALLATIONS
Authors: Polivyanchuk A. , Smirny M. , Kaslin O. , Skuridina O. , Kovalenko Y. , Beketov V.
Published: August 2020

A description is given of an experimental sample of a universal system for the environmental diagnosis of heat engines and boiler installations, which was developed at the Department of Environmental Engineering of the O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv. The properties of this system are: multi-functionality, compactness, mobility, ease of operation, a high degree of automation, informative results, ability to solve both research and training tasks. The structure, composition and functionality of the main modules of this system are considered: 1) measuring, which contains microtunnels МКТ-2, instruments and equipment for direct determination of indicators of chemical and physical pollution of the environment; 2) testing and demonstration, which consists of: installations for research of aerodynamic processes in exhaust systems of engines and boiler chimneys, laboratory transformer rack for mounting various test benches, a multimedia complex equipped with a tablet PC and an SMART information panel with a diameter of 43 " to demonstrate the operation of devices, equipment, programs, research results, etc.; 3) laboratory, which contains laboratory devices, equipment and consumables for the analysis of samples taken during environmental studies of natural objects. Normalized methods and techniques that allow to determine indicators characterizing chemical and physical pollution of the environment by heat engines and boiler installations are defined and systematized. Experimental testing of the created measuring system on full-scale objects: a gasoline engine of a passenger car - VAZ-21081 and automotive diesel engines - 4ЧН12 / 14, boilers with gas - DKVR-20/13 AOGV-100E and solid-fuel - КЧМ-2М-4 boilers. Tests confirmed the practical suitability of the measuring system.
RESEARCH OF EFFICIENCY ECOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM OF HEAT ENGINES AND BOILER PLANTS
Authors: Polivyanchuk A. , Smirny M. , Romanenko S. , Semenenko R. , Plotnikova R. , Onatsky D. , Efimov O.
Published: August 2020

A universal, multifunctional system of environmental diagnostics of heat engines and boiler plants has been created, which allows one to determine indicators characterizing the chemical and physical effect of these objects on the environment: concentrations, mass, specific and average operational emissions of pollutants, noise, thermal pollution, vibration. This measuring system consists of instrumental, testing, demonstration and laboratory modules, which allows you to use it as a diagnostic tool, training and test bench and laboratory; as well as apply it in various fields: transport, energy, environmental and educational fields. The diagnostic system implements methods for monitoring and improving the accuracy of measurements of average operating emissions of pollutants: method for determining the resulting measurement errors of the average operational emissions of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter – GAS and РT indicators, which allows you to evaluate the impact on the data of the value of the errors of the measuring equipment of the diagnostic system; a method for increasing the accuracy of measurements of the normalized РT index by taking into account the methodological error of measurements of a given value due to the influence of the temperature of the sample in the tunnel on the measured emission of particulate matter - δРТt. Experimental studies of the diagnostic system and methods for increasing its accuracyon full-scale objects were carried out: diesel engines: tractor 4CHN12/14 tractor D65M, diesel locomotive diesel engine DEL-01 and boiler units: gas - DKVR-20/13 and AOGV-100E, solid fuel - KCHM-2M-4. Transport diesels were tested according to the cycles established by the UNECE Regulations R-49, R-96 and the international standard ISO-8178. As a result of tests of these engines, the coefficients KРi, KMgasi and KMрmi were determined, which are used to assess the accuracy of measurements of GAS and РT indicators, the resulting measurement errors of these values were investigated and the range of variation of the methodical error δРТt was determined.
Питання забезпечення повноважень органів державної влади у сфері мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації
Authors: Волотівський П. Б.
Published: August 2020

У сучасних умовах різкого загострення геополітичної напруженості, зростаючої інтенсивності збройних конфліктів мобілізаційна підготовка набуває важливого значення і заслуговує на особливу увагу. Справді, сьогодні не потрібно утримувати величезні армії для проведення фронтових операцій, як це було в роки Другої світової війни. У сучасній високотехнологічній війні збройні сили застосовуються в інших формах. Бачимо швидке зниження порогу застосування військової сили як методу розв’язання міждержавних конфліктів. Тому питання постійної мобілізаційної готовності держави набуває пріоритетності у сфері організації оборони держави. Основним принципом, на який спираються мобілізаційна підготовка і мобілізація, є принцип централізованого керівництва. У зв’язку з тим, що мобілізаційна підготовка та мобілізація є складовими оборони держави, керівництво ними здійснює Президент України, який є Верховним Головнокомандувачем Збройних Сил України.Метою статті є розгляд повноважень Президента України, Кабінету Міністрів України, окремих центральних органів виконавчої влади у сфері мобілізаційної підготовки та мобілізації, розкриття їхньої сутності. Запропоновані шляхи вдосконалення системи управління мобілізаційною підготовкою та мобілізацією в державі. Порушене питання забезпечення повноважень Президента України й Кабінету міністрів України в цій сфері діяльності.
Методичні положення прогнозування втрат сил протидіючих сторін у загальновійськовій операції (бою)
Authors: Загорка О. М. , Поліщук С. В. , Загорка І. О.
Published: August 2020

Прогнозування втрат сил протидіючих сторін звичайно здійснюється органами військового управління у процесі планування операції (бою). За основу під час розробки методичних положень прогнозування втрат загальновійськових формувань, угруповань військ прийнятий квадратичний закон Ланчестера. Втрати загальновійськових формувань, угруповань військ оцінюються залежно від початкового співвідношення сил і засобів протидіючих сторін, яке може визначатися за показниками їхньої бойової могутності та бойового потенціалу. З використанням наведеної в статті методики одержані залежності втрат загальновійськових формувань, угруповань військ в операції (бою) від початкового співвідношення сил і засобів сторін.Методику доцільно застосовувати органам військового управління під час проведення оперативно-тактичних розрахунків.
Fatores associados ao estresse em universitários
Authors: Silva Filho Benedito Fernandes da , Santos Rodrigo Novaes ,  Souza Anderson Jambeiro de , Constâncio Jocinei Ferreira , Munaro Hector Luiz Rodrigues
Published: August 2020

A presente pesquisa objetivou estimar a prevalência de fatores de estresse relacionados ao gerenciamento do tempo em universitários, assim como investigar possíveis fatores associados nessa relação. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal associativo, realizado numa amostra de 303 participantes, a variável de desfecho foi a presença simultânea de fatores estressantes relacionados ao gerenciamento de tempo e como preditores as variáveis sociodemográficas. No perfil sociodemográfico, destaca-se que a maior parte dos estudantes eram do sexo feminino 71,0%, com idade menor que 25 anos (79,0%) e sem trabalhar (63,0%). Entre os fatores estressores, destacaram-se a prevalência da falta tempo para atividades de lazer (66,0%) e a dificuldade na gestão do tempo (57,0%). Os múltiplos fatores estressores como variável de desfecho foram evidenciados por 59,0% dos discentes entrevistados. Ao analisar o estilo de vida como variáveis independentes (preditoras), destacamos que 47,0% referiram consumir bebida alcoólica. Após análise bruta e ajustada, os estudantes que trabalhavam apresentaram maiores chances de exposição aos múltiplos fatores estressores. A elevação do nível de estresse dos estudantes universitários tem relação com o gerenciamento do tempo para conciliar as atividades acadêmicas e outras demandas sociais, emocionais, familiares e pessoais, fatores que potencializam quando o discente trabalha e estuda. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de uma intervenção global por parte das universidades, que protejam a saúde mental dos estudantes.
Comparison of clinical practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B: When to start, when to change, and when to stop
Authors: Yim Hyung Joon , Kim Ji Hoon , Park Jun Yong , Yoon Eileen L. , Park Hana , Kwon Jung Hyun , Sinn Dong Hyun , Lee Sae Hwan , Lee Jeong-Hoon , Lee Hyun Woong
Published: August 2020

Clinical practice guidelines are important for guiding the management of specific diseases by medical practitioners, trainees, and nurses. In some cases, the guidelines are utilized as a reference for health policymakers in controlling diseases with a large public impact. With this in mind, practice guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have been developed in the United States, Europe, and Asian-Pacific regions to suggest the best-fit recommendations for each social and medical circumstance. Recently, the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver published a revised version of its clinical practice guidelines for the management of CHB. The guidelines included updated information based on newly available antiviral agents, the most recent opinion on the initiation and cessation of treatment, and updates for the management of drug resistance, partial virological response, and side effects. Additionally, CHB management in specific situations was comprehensively revised. This review compares the similarities and differences among the various practice guidelines to identify unmet needs and improve future recommendations.
Three Months of Regular Aerobic Exercise in Patients With Obesity Improve Systemic Subclinical Inflammation Without Major Influence on Blood Pressure and Endocrine Production of Subcutaneous Fat
Authors: TRACHTA P. , DRÁPALOVÁ J. , KAVÁLKOVÁ P. , TOUŠKOVÁ V. , CINKAJZLOVÁ A. , LACINOVÁ Z. , MATOULEK M. , ZELINKA T. , WIDIMSKÝ J. , MRÁZ M. , HALUZÍK M.
Published: August 2020

The aim of our study was to explore the effects of regular aerobic exercise on anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal parameters and mRNA expression of selected factors involved in metabolic regulations in subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with obesity. Fifteen obese women with arterial hypertension underwent a three-month exercise program consisting of 30 min of aerobic exercise 3 times a week. Fifteen healthy lean women with no intervention served as a control group. Obese group underwent anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) biopsy and 24-h blood pressure monitoring at baseline and after three months of exercise, while control group was examined only once. At baseline, obese group had increased SCAT expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines relative to control group. Three months of regular exercise improved anthropometric parameters, decreased CRP, blood glucose and HOMA-IR, while having no significant effect on lipid profile and blood pressure. Gene expressions in SCAT were not affected by physical activity with the exception of increased aquaporin-3 mRNA expression. We conclude that three months of regular exercise decrease systemic subclinical inflammation with only minor influence on the blood pressure and the endocrine function of subcutaneous fat.
The main types of algae nutrition (short glossary)
Authors: Stukolova Irina V. , Trenkenshu Rudolf P.
Published: August 2020

The literature data on the use of various sources of energy and mineral nutrition by algae are systematized. A wide range of possibilities of algae to provide substances and energy necessary for growth and development is considered: from obligate photolithotrophic to phagotrophic types of nutrition. A concise glossary of food types has been compiled, showing English equivalents.
Macroflora of the сoastal waters of the western part of the Heracles peninsula and its intra-annual dynamics (Khersonese cape, the Black Sea)
Authors: Evstigneeva Irina K. , Tankovskaya Irina N.
Published: August 2020

The species and ecological composition, species occurrence, quantitative characteristics and peculiarities of the intra-annual variability of macrophytobenthos in the coastal waters of Khersonese cape in the west of the Heracles Peninsula are described. 71 macroalgae species of 46 genera of Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta and Rhodophyta were revealed. The basis of taxonomic diversity is Rhodophyta, whereas ecological diversity is due to marine, leading, oligosaprobic, and annual species. Based on the study of heterogeneous states of macrophytobenthos in 2004 and 2014, its labile and constant features were determined.
Pengaruh Global Transposition Table dan Algoritma Pvs dan Negascout Pada Puzzle Games
Authors: Mustopa Ali
Published: August 2020

Nine Men’s Morris merupakan game puzzle berbentuk board game 2 pemain. Papan terdiri dari kotak dengan dua puluh empat persimpangan atau titik. Permainan Nine Men’s Morris bersifat fully observable yang artinya bahwa seluruh kondisi pada papan permainan dan bidak-bidak dapat dipersepsi dan dinilai dengan baik. Penelitian ini melihat pengaruh penggunaan algoritma-algoritma dalam performa game Nine Men’s Morris. Performa permainan dilihat dari kemenangan, panjang jumlah jalur, lama pencarian. Penggunaan Global Transposition Table (GTT) sebagai penyimpanan memiliki keunggulan – dimana penyimpanannya lebih banyak sehingga memberikan ruang penelusuran lebih besar. Kemampuan ini disebabkan karena sifat GTT yang paralel. Dengan GTT ini diharapkan mampu menemukan solusi lebih cepat. Global Transposition Table sendiri adalah kumpulan dari beberapa tabel transposisi di dalam sebuah tabel transposisi lebih besar. GTT dapat diibaratkan seperti folder yang memiliki banyak subfolder dengan setiap subfolder berisi tipe file yang sama, dan memiliki nama depan file yang sama. Maka dengan menggabungkan Algoritma pencaria dan penggunakan GTT dalam permaian Nine Man’s Morris ini diharapkan dapat mengetahui performa dari penggunaan Algoritma Negascout dan juga pengaruh tambahan dari penggunaan GTT dalam game puzzle Nine Men’s Morris.
Free electron gas and electron–positron pair equilibrium in a magnetic field
Authors: Bisnovatyi-Kogan G S , Kondratyev I A
Published: August 2020

The thermodynamic properties of electron gas under the extreme conditions of high temperature, high matter density, and/or a strong magnetic field largely determine the behavior of matter in upper layers of neutron stars and accretion columns of magnetized neutron stars in binary systems. A strong magnetic field in these objects makes the motion of electrons across the field essentially quantum. The possible electron degeneracy and relativism of electrons are also important. When studying accretion onto a magnetar in a binary system, the intensive generation of electron–positron pairs in the quantizing magnetic field should also be taken into account. We consider in detail the thermodynamic properties of a gas of free electrons in strong magnetic fields, taking into account their relativism and degeneracy, as well as the equilibrium creation of electron–positron pairs in a high-temperature plasma in the presence of a quantizing magnetic field.
Mobility and Elite Cues: Partisan Responses to Covid-19
Authors: Bisbee James , Lee Diana
Published: August 2020

Scholars have long demonstrated the power of partisan cues on the public's political views, but it is unclear to what extent this power spills over to non-political spheres. We test whether elite cues on Covid-19 influence social distancing behavior amid overwhelming information about the health risks. We start by confirming that counties which voted for Trump in 2016 were less likely to shelter in place than counties which supported Clinton. Using Trump's skepticism about the severity of the pandemic, we show that Republican-leaning counties were more likely to shelter in place when Trump took the virus seriously. We evaluate the relative importance of elite cues and objective facts on shelter-in-place behaviors via variable importance tests, confirming that Trump's pronouncements play a significant role, particularly in Republican counties. These patterns reflect a story in which elite cues influence not just costless political attitudes, but real-world behaviors with life and death consequences.
A Visual Proof: e ≤ A ≤ B ⇒ A^B > B^A.
Authors: Haque Nazrul
Published: August 2020

Fascination with the constants e and π has encouraged numerous visual proofs of the inequality π^e < e^π. Nakhli [4] used the fact that 1/ e is a global maximum for y = ln(x)/ x to conclude the relation, and Nelsen [5] used the fact that y = e^(x/e) lies above the line y = x. Also I [7] have submitted an article in Intelligencer journal on e^A > A^e and it is accepted. Gallant [2] provided the most general proof for which this inequality is a consequence, showing that when e ≤ A < B, we have A^B > B^A; he used slopes of secant lines connecting the origin to points on the curve y = ln(x). We provide an alternate visual proof for this general inequality using an area argument.
Induction of Earlier Flowering in Cassava through Extended Photoperiod
Authors: Pineda Marcela , Morante Nelson , Salazar Sandra , Cuásquer Juan , Hyde Peter T. , Setter Tim L. , Ceballos Hernán
Published: August 2020

Erect plant architecture is preferred by farmers but results in late and scarce flowering, which slows down breeding considerably. Inducing earlier and abundant flowering in crossing nurseries (involving erect genotypes) is a key objective for cassava and was the subject of this study. Five genotypes with contrasting flowering behavior were grown under dark night (DN) and extended photoperiod (EP) conditions for three seasons. EP was achieved with different red light emitting diodes (LEDs) with 625–635 nm wavelength all night long or through night-breaks. EP reduced height and number of days to first branching, particularly in non- or late-flowering genotypes. A minimum of 0.02 μmol m−2 s−1 was required to elicit earlier flowering in plants illuminated all night. Early results using five genotypes were validated across 116 genotypes planted in a crossing nursery. EP promoted earlier flowering in erect-plant genotypes but reduced the number of branching events in early flowering genotypes to some extent. 50W LED lamps, fixed at 3 m above ground in a 4.5 m grid, proved to be a practical approach to extend photoperiod in breeding nurseries. Night breaks also proved effective, thus opening the possibility of using solar panels where electricity is not available.
Precise Fertilization by a Mass-Balance of the Seasonal Changes in Nutrient Uptake by Almond Trees
Authors: Sperling Or , Karunakaran Ranjith , Yermiyahu Uri
Published: August 2020

Mineral fertilization through irrigation (fertigation) could optimize resource allocation and eliminate wastes in agriculture. Nevertheless, the fertigation of almond plantations is currently inefficient (50% nitrogen (N) recovery by yields) due to the limited empirical data to support field applications. For precise fertigation in horticulture, we aimed to determine the trees’ actual mineral uptake. We hypothesized that the mineral requirements depend on physiological development and would vary during the growing season as phenology shifts. To investigate this, we tracked the water, N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) mass-balances of almond trees in 1 m3 lysimeters and monitored their physiological performances. By canopy coverage (leaf area index—LAI)) and radial stem growth, we determined that almond trees invest in biomass between April and July (northern hemisphere). Then, for August until November, the almond trees accumulated metabolites and minerals for the succeeding winter dormancy. Annually, almond trees can utilize major N applications (~180 kg h−1) in early summer for vegetative growth, extract P (~50 kg h−1) by mid-summer for metabolic translocations, and accumulate K (>250 kg h−1) in late summer, possibly for osmotic compensations. Converting these realizations for farm conditions requires the further characterization of the mineral availability at the root zone, and the nutritional status of trees, under various field fertigation applications.
Genetic Variability in Polish Lowland Sheepdogs Assessed by Pedigree and Genomic Data
Authors: Michels Paula Wiebke , Distl Ottmar
Published: August 2020

Genetic variability of Polish Lowland Sheepdog (PON) population was evaluated using both pedigree and genomic data. The analyzed pedigree encompassed 8628 PONs, including 153 individuals genotyped on the Illumina CanineHD BeadChip. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) were defined for homozygous stretches extending over 60 to 4300 kb. The inbreeding coefficients FPed based on pedigree data and FROH50 based on ROHs were at 0.18 and 0.31. The correlation between both was 0.41 but 0.52 when excluding animals with less than seven complete generations. The realized effective population size (Ne¯) was 22.2 with an increasing trend over years. Five PONs explained 79% of the genetic diversity of the reference population. The effective population size derived from linkage disequilibrium measured by r² was 36. PANTHER analysis of genes in ROHs shared by ≥50% of the PONs revealed four highly over- or underrepresented biological processes. One among those is the 7.35 fold enriched “forelimb morphogenesis”. Candidate loci for hip dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus were discovered in frequently shared ROHs. In conclusion, the inbreeding measures of the PONs were high and the genetic variability small compared to various dog breeds. Regarding Ne¯, PON population was minimally endangered according to the European Association for Animal Production.
Factors that Influence Farmers’ Views on Farm Animal Welfare: A Semi-Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Balzani Agnese , Hanlon Alison
Published: August 2020

Farm animal welfare (FAW) is a growing societal concern, reflected by over 30 years of research to inform policy and practice. Despite the wealth of evidence to improve FAW, implementation of good practice continues to be an issue. The role of the stakeholder, particularly farmers, is pivotal to FAW improvement. This semi-systematic review synthesizes the evidence published in the last 30 years, worldwide, to address two main questions “what do farmers think (farmer’s general view) about farm animal welfare?” and “what are the factors that influence their thinking?”. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify factors that influenced the implementation of FAW innovation. The main outcomes extracted from 96 peer-reviewed publications on a range of livestock species identified 11 internal factors including farmer knowledge, empathy, personality, values, and human-animal bond; 15 external factors including economic advantages, communication, time and labor influenced the perception of FAW. Farmers’ knowledge and cost implications of FAW were the most frequently reported factors. The review further highlights the need for promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder participation. This study suggests strategies to improve FAW, including tools to support behavioral changes amongst farmers.
Effect of the Front and Back Illumination on Sub-Terahertz Detection Using n-Channel Strained-Silicon MODFETs
Authors: Delgado-Notario Juan A. , Calvo-Gallego Jaime , Velázquez-Pérez Jesús E. , Ferrando-Bataller Miguel , Fobelets Kristel , Meziani Yahya M.
Published: August 2020

Plasma waves in semiconductor gated 2-D systems can be used to efficiently detect Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic radiation. This work reports on the response of a strained-Si Modulation-doped Field-Effect Transistor (MODFET) under front and back sub-THz illumination. The response of the MODFET has been characterized using a two-tones solid-state continuous wave source at 0.15 and 0.30 THz. The DC drain-to-source voltage of 500-nm gate length transistors transducing the sub-THz radiation (photovoltaic mode) exhibited a non-resonant response in agreement with literature results. Two configurations of the illumination were investigated: (i) front side illumination in which the transistor was shined on its top side, and (ii) back illumination side where the device received the sub-THz radiation on its bottom side, i.e., on the Si substrate. Under excitation at 0.15 THz clear evidence of the coupling of terahertz radiation by the bonding wires was found, this coupling leads to a stronger response under front illumination than under back illumination. When the radiation is shifted to 0.3 THz, as a result of a lesser efficient coupling of the EM radiation through the bonding wires, the response under front illumination was considerably weakened while it was strengthened under back illumination. Electromagnetic simulations explained this behavior as the magnitude of the induced electric field in the channel of the MODFET was considerably stronger under back illumination.
Magnetically Separable Chiral Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles
Authors: Omar Suheir , Abu-Reziq Raed
Published: August 2020

We describe, for the first time, a successful strategy for synthesizing chiral periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMO NPs). The chiral PMO nanoparticles were synthesized in a sol–gel process under mild conditions; their preparation was mediated by hydrolysis and condensation of chiral-bridged organo-alkoxysilane precursor compounds, (OR‘)3Si-R-Si(OR‘)3, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The resulting nanoparticles were composed merely from a chiral- bridged organo-alkoxysilane monomer. These systems were prepared by applying different surfactants and ligands that finally afforded monodispersed chiral PMO NPs consisting of 100% bridged-organosilane precursor. In addition, the major advancement that was achieved here was, for the first time, success in preparing magnetic chiral PMO NPs. These nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-polymerization of 1,1′-((1R,2R)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-(3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl) urea) chiral monomer by an oil in water (o/w) emulsion process, to afford magnetic chiral PMO NPs with magnetite NPs in their cores. The obtained materials were characterized with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR analysis, circular dichroism (CD) analysis, and nitrogen sorption analysis (N2-BET).
A Survey of Machine Learning Models in Renewable Energy Predictions
Authors: Lai Jung-Pin , Chang Yu-Ming , Chen Chieh-Huang , Pai Ping-Feng
Published: August 2020

The use of renewable energy to reduce the effects of climate change and global warming has become an increasing trend. In order to improve the prediction ability of renewable energy, various prediction techniques have been developed. The aims of this review are illustrated as follows. First, this survey attempts to provide a review and analysis of machine-learning models in renewable-energy predictions. Secondly, this study depicts procedures, including data pre-processing techniques, parameter selection algorithms, and prediction performance measurements, used in machine-learning models for renewable-energy predictions. Thirdly, the analysis of sources of renewable energy, values of the mean absolute percentage error, and values of the coefficient of determination were conducted. Finally, some possible potential opportunities for future work were provided at end of this survey.
Text Augmentation Using BERT for Image Captioning
Authors: Atliha Viktar , Šešok Dmitrij
Published: August 2020

Image captioning is an important task for improving human-computer interaction as well as for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying the image description by human. In recent years, this research field has rapidly developed and a number of impressive results have been achieved. The typical models are based on a neural networks, including convolutional ones for encoding images and recurrent ones for decoding them into text. More than that, attention mechanism and transformers are actively used for boosting performance. However, even the best models have a limit in their quality with a lack of data. In order to generate a variety of descriptions of objects in different situations you need a large training set. The current commonly used datasets although rather large in terms of number of images are quite small in terms of the number of different captions per one image. We expanded the training dataset using text augmentation methods. Methods include augmentation with synonyms as a baseline and the state-of-the-art language model called Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). As a result, models that were trained on a datasets augmented show better results than that models trained on a dataset without augmentation.
Classical and Non-Classical Progesterone Signaling in Breast Cancers
Authors: Pedroza Diego A. , Subramani Ramadevi , Lakshmanaswamy Rajkumar
Published: August 2020

Much emphasis is placed on estrogen (E2) and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling as most research is focused on understanding E2 and ER’s ability to enhance proliferative signals in breast cancers. Progesterone (P4) is important for normal mammary gland development, function and menstrual control. However, P4 and its receptors (PRs) in breast cancer etiology continue to be understudied and its role in breast cancer remains controversial. The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial clearly demonstrated the importance of progestogens in breast cancer development. P4 has historically been associated with classical-signaling through nuclear receptors, however non-classical P4 signaling via membrane receptors has been described. Progestogens have the ability to bind to nuclear and membrane receptors and studies have demonstrated that both can promote breast cancer cell proliferation and breast tumor growth. In this review, we attempt to understand the classical and non-classical signaling role of P4 in breast cancers because both nuclear and membrane receptors could become viable therapeutic options for breast cancer patients.
Cannabis Consumption Used by Cancer Patients during Immunotherapy Correlates with Poor Clinical Outcome
Authors: Bar-Sela Gil , Cohen Idan , Campisi-Pinto Salvatore , Lewitus Gil M. , Oz-Ari Lanuel , Jehassi Ayellet , Peer Avivit , Turgeman Ilit , Vernicova Olga , Berman Paula , Wollner Mira , Moskovitz Mor , Meiri David
Published: August 2020

Cannabis or its derivatives are widely used by patients with cancer to help with cancer symptoms and treatment side effects. However, cannabis has potent immunomodulatory properties. To determine if cannabis consumption during immunotherapy affects therapy outcomes, we conducted a prospective observatory study including 102 (68 immunotherapy and 34 immunotherapy plus cannabis) consecutive patients with advanced cancers who initiated immunotherapy. Cannabis consumption correlated with a significant decrease in time to tumor progression and overall survival. On the other hand, the use of cannabis reduced therapy-related immune-related adverse events. We also tested the possibility that cannabis may affect the immune system or the tumor microenvironment through the alteration of the endocannabinoid system. We analyzed a panel of serum endocannabinoids (eCBs) and eCB-like lipids, measuring their levels before and after immunotherapy in both groups. Levels of serum eCBs and eCB-like lipids, before immunotherapy, showed no significant differences between cannabis users to nonusers. Nevertheless, the levels of four eCB and eCB-like compounds were associated with patients’ overall survival time. Collectively, cannabis consumption has considerable immunomodulatory effects, and its use among cancer patients needs to be carefully considered due to its potential effects on the immune system, especially during treatment with immunotherapy.
Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) Channels: Then and Now
Authors: Chen Xingjuan , Sooch Gagandeep , Demaree Isaac S. , White Fletcher A. , Obukhov Alexander G.
Published: August 2020

Twenty-five years ago, the first mammalian Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channel was cloned, opening the vast horizon of the TRPC field. Today, we know that there are seven TRPC channels (TRPC1–7). TRPCs exhibit the highest protein sequence similarity to the Drosophila melanogaster TRP channels. Similar to Drosophila TRPs, TRPCs are localized to the plasma membrane and are activated in a G-protein-coupled receptor-phospholipase C-dependent manner. TRPCs may also be stimulated in a store-operated manner, via receptor tyrosine kinases, or by lysophospholipids, hypoosmotic solutions, and mechanical stimuli. Activated TRPCs allow the influx of Ca2+ and monovalent alkali cations into the cytosol of cells, leading to cell depolarization and rising intracellular Ca2+ concentration. TRPCs are involved in the continually growing number of cell functions. Furthermore, mutations in the TRPC6 gene are associated with hereditary diseases, such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The most important recent breakthrough in TRPC research was the solving of cryo-EM structures of TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, and TRPC6. These structural data shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying TRPCs’ functional properties and propelled the development of new modulators of the channels. This review provides a historical overview of the major advances in the TRPC field focusing on the role of gene knockouts and pharmacological tools.
Temperature Correction and Analysis of Pavement Skid Resistance Performance Based on RIOHTrack Full-Scale Track
Authors: Wu Jiangfeng , Wang Xudong , Wang Linbing , Zhang Lei , Xiao Qian , Yang Hailu
Published: August 2020

The pavement skid resistance performance index is one of the most important indexes to ensure driving safety. Based on the test data of RIOHTrack full-scale track, this paper analyzes the decay law of pavement skid resistance performance, including the sideway force coefficient (SFC), British pendulum number (BPN), mean texture depth measured by sand patch method (MTD) and sensor measured texture depth by laser method (SMTD), under different equivalent single axle load times (ESALs). The paper analyzes the influence of different methods and conditions on the different indicators and excavates the internal correlation of different pavement skid resistance performance indexes, aiming to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of pavement skid resistance performance detection. The shortcomings of the temperature correction method of BPN and SFC are verified, which cannot correct the skid resistance performance effectively in different temperatures. Based on the assumption that there is a sensitive range of temperature influence on skid resistance performance, a new temperature correction method of skid resistance performance index is proposed based on the Boltzmann model and equivalent temperature of the asphalt surface layer. It can truly reflect the decay law of skid resistance pavement performance. At the same time, the internal correlation between BPN and MTD indicators is analyzed. It is found that there is a linear growth law between two indexes whose correlation coefficient is 0.999, which provides a reference for the research of pavement skid resistance performance.