bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Anggi Selvy Anggi , Rahayu Sri
Published: August 2022

Diabetes merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang disebabkan oleh kenaikan glukosa darah dalam tubuh. Diet adalah salah satu penatalaksanaan DM untuk mencegah komplikasi dan perlu didukung dengan kepatuhan pasien terhadap program tersebut. Keberhasilan kepatuhan diet tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga dan dukungan petugas kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan diet pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe II di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD dr.Dradjat Prawiranegara Serang pada tahun 2019. Sampel adalah penderita diabetes melitus sebanyak 81 orang yang diambil dengan metode accidental sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil analisis Univariat variabel pengetahuan tinggi yaitu 70.4%, variabel Kepatuhan Diet dalam kategorik baik yaitu 88.9% serta variabel dukungan petugas kesehatan dengan kategorik baik yaitu 77.8%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan (0,050), dukungan keluarga (0,025) dan dukungan petugas kesehatan (0,007) dengan kepatuhan diet diabetes melitus. Peneliti menyarankan rumah sakit membuat peer-group, meningkatkan komunikasi terapeutik, dan melaksanakan kegiatan penyuluhan menggunakan audio visual mengenai pentingnya kepatuhan dalam menjalani diet diabetes melitus.
Aspek Sentuhan Dalam Terapi Kelompok Terapeutik Untuk Meningkatkan Rasa Percaya Pada Bayi Usia 12-18 Bulan: Case Report
Authors: Kurniati Safra Ria , Rahman Zakiah
Published: August 2022

Infancy is period of early life which basic abilities will determine success in the next phase. In this phase, the aspect of psychosocial development that must be achieved is to have a sense of trust, both for oneself, other people and the world around them. This study aims to find out how the application of therapeutic group therapy in increasing trust in infants and focus on aspects of touch. The method used is the case study. The results of this study indicate that the strengthening of touch in Therapeutic Group Therapy is able to foster and increase trust in infants in accordance with their psychosocial development tasks. Nurses as therapists need to emphasize this by encouraging mothers to not only give praise when the baby is successfully carrying out the task being trained, but also accompanied by physical affection sign such as touching, stroking, kissing and hugging the baby.Keywords: Infant, Touch, Therapeutic Group Therapy
Terapi Bermain Meniup Baling-Baling Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pemasangan Infus Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Nirnasari Meily , Wati Liza
Published: August 2022

Infusionis an invasive procedure that causes pain in children. Wich one strategy that can help reduce the pain is non-pharmacological measures that easy, can be done by nurses to reduce the pain during invasive procedure in children is a deep breathing relaxation techniques using play therapy blow propeller. The purpose ofstudythis was to know the effect of play therapy blowing propeller to decrease of pain infusion. Data collection was conducted from March-April 2018 at  Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. using design quasyexperimental approach only with posttest control group design. The sampling technique is consecutive sampling with the number 20 preschool children (2-6 years), 10 in the experimental group and 10 control group. Pain during infusion in children measured directly with a scale FLACC (Face,Legs, Activity, Cry,Consolability). The data analysis was performed with thetest Mann-Whitney to assess pain intensity difference between the intervention and control groups. These results indicate the existence of significant differences in pain scores p-value= 0.01(pv <0.05) between the intervention and control group at the time of infusion. This research may help to nurses and other health workers as non-pharmacological techniques when IVs that child pain intensity lighter.Keywords: Installation Infusion, Pain, Relaxation Breath deeply
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU BULLYING MELALUI METODE EDUKASI DAN ROLE PLAY PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH
Authors: Kusumawardani Lita Heni , Dewanti Buana Restu , Maitsani Nabila Alma , Uliyah Zahrotul , Dewantari Anis Cahyani , Laksono Anggoro Dwi , Saraswati Gustiani Ike , Nugroho Kristian Adi , Lestari Ayu Diah , Laila Nadya Rohmatul
Published: August 2022

Bullying saat ini banyak terjadi di masyarakat terutama pada anak usia sekolah. Masalah bullying perlu menjadi perhatian karena berdampak buruk bagi perkembangan anak. Pengetahuan anak usia sekolah memiliki peran penting dalam mengidentifikasi tindakan intimidasi dan mencegah terjadinya tindakan bullying antar teman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh edukasi dan role play terhadap perubahan pengetahuan pencegahan bullying pada anak usia sekolah. Metode yang digunakan pre-eksperimen dengan pendekatan pre-post without control group. Sampel terdiri dari 43 anak dengan usia 9-10 tahun. Teknik sampling menggunakan multistage random sampling untuk menentukan wilayah penelitian sedangkan target sampel penelitian menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan edukasi dan role play berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengetahuan (p value=0,000) pencegahan bullying anak usia sekolah. Metode edukasi dan role play dapat diterapkan sebagai upaya peningkatan perilaku pencegahan bullying pada anak usia sekolah yang diintegrasikan dalam pelayanan keperawatan di sekolah
Literature Review; The Effect of Buerger Allen Exercise on Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Values in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients; Literature Review
Authors: Basmallah Carmitha Nareswari , Farida Imroatul , Badriyah Fatin Lailatul
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2  tend to have ABI values lower than the normal range due to lack of physical exercise and uncontrolled hyperglycemia. This needs to be prevented through joint movement exercises with the Buerger Allen exercise which can increase blood perfusion in the lower extremities so that there is an increase in the value of the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of Buerger Allen exercise on the value of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2 based on a review of research journals. Methods: This study uses a literature review method. Search literature using 5 databases, namely Portal Garuda, Sinta, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar with keywords according to MeSH, namely "Buerger Allen Exercise", "Ankle Brachial Index", and "Diabetes Mellitus Type 2". The PICOS framework was used to adjust the inclusion criteria which were divided into 5 English journals and 5 Indonesian journals and then analyzed narratively based on similarity analysis. Results: The findings of the ten journals stated that the Buerger Allen exercise had a significant effect on the value of the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Discussion: Buerger Allen exercise is a physical exercise to improve foot peripheral perfusion that can increase the value of the ankle-brachial index in type 2 DM patients. Conclusion: Buerger Allen exercise has a significant effect on increasing the ankle-brachial index (ABI) score so that it can be used as a reference source for standard operating procedures and nursing interventions.Keywords: Buerger Allen; Exercise; Ankle Brachial Index; Diabetes Mellitus
Spatial relationships and impacts of global change on ecosystem services in the European Alps
Authors: Schirpke Uta
Published: August 2022

The increasing interest in the concept of ecosystem services (ES) for decision-making requires a profound understanding of ecological processes, social values and spatial patterns to mitigate the effects of global change on human well-being. Although great progress has been made in the assessment and valuation of ES, scientists are still facing challenges due to a frequent emphasis on ES potential and individual ecosystems as well as disciplinary thinking. This post-doctoral thesis addresses these challenges by (1) contributing to novel mapping approaches with a focus on cultural ES, (2) examining impacts of global change on ES at the ecosystem and landscape level and (3) analysing spatial patterns and interactions between ES supply and demand for ES across multiple spatial scales. This work focuses on the European Alps, as mountain regions are highly important for providing ES while beeing particularly vulnerable to global change. The findings clearly confirm the relevance of mountain landscapes not only to local populations, but indicates spatial interactions that go far beyond the regional level with great implications for decision- and policy-making. The findings also indicate how the concept of ES may promote biodiversity conservation and the maintainance of multiple ES supported by a sustainable use of natural resources. This work also suggests how interdisciplinary approaches can help to integrate ES supply and demand across different temporal and spatial scales for decision-making in planning and management, taking into account ecological processes in response to climate change. Finally, this work reveals research gaps that need to be addressed in future research to deepen the understanding of socio-ecological systems and underlying mechanisms, as well as to enhance interdisciplinary research.
A Comparative Study of Inter-Regional Intra-Industry Disparity
Authors: PAL SAMIDH
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the main motivation of this research study is to measure inter-regional intra-industry disparity within the selected Indian manufacturing industry groups and industrial states. Using three measures Output-Capital Ratio, Capital-Labour Ratio, and Output-Labour Ratio, we critically measured the disparity level of average labour productivity, the marginal efficiency of capital, and capital intensity. The paper also measured and compared the rate of disparity of per-capita income between six major industrial states. We determined the reasons for lack of industrialization: unequal distribution of skillful labours and upgraded technologies. We suggested in this chapter to the policymakers to campaign more for the labour training schemes and new technologies promotion schemes equally in every corner of the country.
Tip 2 Diyabeti Olan Bireylerde Kendini Damgalama Ölçeğinin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği
Authors: Ulusoy Emelnur , Ulus Bahire
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Tip 2 diyabet hastalarının sosyal yaşama katılma engellerini belirlemeye yarayacak Kendini Damgalama Ölçeği’nin (KDÖ) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin yapılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Metodolojik çalışmanın yapılabilmesi için gerekli izinler alındı. Araştırma, İstanbul’da, bir özel hastanede, 2019 yılında tip 2 diyabeti olan 180 kişi ile yapıldı. Veriler, Hasta Tanımlama Formu, Kendini Damgalama Ölçeği (KDÖ), Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği ile toplandı. Veriler; doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, içerik güvenirliği, test tekrar test güvenirliği ve Cronbach alfa analizleriyle değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Uzmanların önerileri, ölçek dil uyarlaması ve pilot çalışma bulguları doğrultusunda; ölçekteki 11., 14. ve 39. soruların anlaşılamadığı için çıkarılmasına karar verildi. Kapsam geçerliği analizi sonunda ölçeğin bilişsel, duyuşsal ve davranışsal olmak üzere 3 alt boyuta ayrıldığı, toplam varyansın %61,37’sini açıkladığı görüldü. Ölçeğin total skoru için Cronbach alfa değeri 0.96 olarak belirlendi. Cronbach alfa değeri, bilişsel alt boyutu için 0.92, duyuşsal alt boyut için 0.92 ve davranışsal alt boyut için 0.87 olarak hesaplandı. Zamana göre değişmezlik için yapılan test tekrar test analizinde; puan ortalamaları arasında güçlü, anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı (p
Bir Pandemi Hastanesinde Yatan COVID-19 Tanılı Hastaların Hastalık Algısının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Alankaya Naile , Kurnaz Feride
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 tanısı nedeniyle yatarak tedavi gören hastaların hastalık algısı ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte olan bu çalışmanın örneklemini bir pandemi hastanesinde 01 Mart-31 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında yatarak tedavi gören 150 hasta oluşturmuştur. Veriler “Hasta Tanıtıcı Soru Formu” ve “COVID-19 Hastalık Algısı Ölçeği (COVID-19 HAÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 54.14±15.89, %52.0’sinin kadın, %44.7’sinin ilkokul mezunu, %36.7’sının emekli, %66.7’sinin evli, %50.0’sinin en az bir kronik hastalığı olduğu bulunmuştur. COVID-19 HAÖ puan ortalaması 3.84±0.80; tehlikelilik alt boyut puan ortalaması 3.92±0.93; bulaştırıcılık alt boyut puan ortalaması 3.78±0.99 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Cinsiyet, eğitim durumu ve tedaviye uyum ile COVID-19 HAÖ puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamalı fark bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: COVID-19 tanısı alan hastaların hastalık algısının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bulgular eşliğinde hastalık algısının belirlenmesinin hastalık ve tedaviye uyumu kolaylaştıracağı söylenebilir.
Kemoterapi Alan Pediatrik Onkoloji Hastalarında Oral Mukozit Yönetimi: Kanıt Temelli Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Çakır Gizem , Altay Naime , Kılıçarslan Törüner Ebru
Published: August 2022

Oral mukozit, pediatrik popülasyonda kanser tedavileriyle ilişkili en yaygın görülen yan etkilerden biridir. Oral mukozanın eritamöz ve ağrılı ülseratif lezyonlarıyla seyretmektedir. Kanser tedavilerinde farmakolojik ve integratif tedavi yönetimlerine karşın mukozit görülme sıklığı fazladır. Oral mukozitin önlenmesinde/tedavisinde kullanılan farklı metodlar ve terapötik ajanlar bulunmaktadır. Bunlar; temel ağız bakım protokolü, antimikrobial ajanlar, kriyoterapi, antiseptik ajanlar, antibiyotikler, vitaminler, sitokinezler, immun regülatörler ve bitkisel yöntemlerdir. Temel ağız bakım protokollerinde medikal olmayan gargaralar önerilmektedir. Klorheksidin, normal salin, sodyum bikarbonat ve benzidamin içeren gargaraların oral mukozitin önlenmesine ilişkin kesin kanıtları yoktur. E vitamini, oral mukozit şiddetini azaltmada etkili bir tedavi yöntemi olabilmektedir. Kriyoterapi, kemoterapi alan ve koopere çocuklarda mukozit derecesine göre tercih edilebilir bir tedavi yöntemidir. Klorheksidinin, lazer terapinin ve glutaminin çocuklarda kullanımıyla ilgili literatürde farklı sonuçlar bulunmaktadır ve pediatrik onkoloji hastalarında kullanımına yönelik sistematik derleme ve meta-analiz çalışmalarında etkinliği gösterilene kadar kullanımından kaçınılması önerilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, kemoterapi alan pediatrik onkoloji hastalarında oral mukozitin önlenmesi ve tedavisinde önerilen ve önerilmeyen metodların ve ajanların incelenmesidir.
Western monopoly of climate science is creating an eco-deficit culture
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: August 2022

A recent study showed that 78% of global climate science funding flows to European and North American institutions. Dr. Quan-Hoang Vuong gives his perspective on why this is a problem for the planet. (Land & Climate Review, November 11, 2021; https://www.landclimate.org/western-monopoly-of-climate-science-is-creating-an-eco-deficit-culture/)
Supportive Evidence for the State Self-Compassion Scale Using Japanese Samples
Authors: Chishima Yuta , Sugawara Daichi , Mizuno Masashi
Published: August 2022

Self-compassion is a trait of having a compassionate attitude toward oneself when experiencing a difficult situation. Recent studies focused on its temporal fluctuation; moreover, Neff et al. (2021) developed a scale to assess the state level of self-compassion. Although its psychometric reliability and validity were confirmed, it was unclear whether it could be adopted in diverse samples. Therefore, we aimed to provide additional evidence using Japanese samples that are recognized as having a high propensity for self-criticism. Study 1 (pre-registered) and Study 2 compared several factor models of the scale and demonstrated that the bifactor model using exploratory structural equation modeling was the best solution. Moreover, the state scale performed better in predicting affect than the trait self-compassion, supporting the incremental validity. Most of the correlations with the trait self-compassion and the positive/negative affect were nearly as expected. In Study 3, an experimental induction of self-compassion indicated that those in the self-compassion condition experienced an improved state self-compassion after the writing tasks, whereas those in the control condition did not. Study 4 replicated these results and revealed that state self-compassion was more easily improved by the writing manipulation than trait self-compassion. Most of the previous research’s results were replicated; furthermore, additional supportive evidence was established across the four studies. We suggest the utility of the state self-compassion scale and discuss some different findings obtained from the Western samples from a cultural perspective.
Trends in Pediatric Palliative Care Research (TPPCR) 2022; Issue #08: Commentary on Bogetz et al. and Broden et al.
Authors: Castro-Noriega Elisa
Published: August 2022

This TPPCR commentary discusses the 2022 paper by Bogetz et al, “The Impact of Caring for Children With Severe Neurological Impairment on Clinicians.” published in Clinical Pediatrics, and the 2022 paper by Broden et al., “I Didn’t Want My Baby to Pass, But I Didn’t Want Him Suffering Either” published in Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing.
Internal Attention is the Only Retroactive Mechanism for Controlling Precision in Working Memory
Authors: Serin Fatih , Gunseli Eren
Published: August 2022

Recent research has suggested that humans can assert control over the precision of working memory (WM) items. However, the mechanisms that enable this control are unclear. While some studies suggest that internal attention improves precision, it may not be the only factor, as previous work also demonstrated that WM storage is disentangled from attention. To test whether there is a precision control mechanism beyond internal attention, we contrasted internal attention and precision requirements within the same trial in three experiments. In every trial, participants memorized two items briefly. Before the test, a retro-cue indicated which item would be tested first, thus should be attended. Importantly, we encouraged participants to store the unattended item with higher precision by testing it using more similar lure colors at the probe display. Accuracy was analyzed on a small proportion of trials where the target-lure similarity, hence the task difficulty, was equal for attended and unattended items. Experiments 2 and 3 controlled for output interference by the first test and involuntary precision boost by the retro-cue, respectively. In all experiments, the unattended item had lower accuracy than the attended item suggesting that individuals were not able to remember it more precisely than the attended item. Thus, we conclude that there is no precision control mechanism beyond internal attention, highlighting the close relationship between attentional and qualitative prioritization within WM. We discuss the important implications of these findings for our understanding of the fundamentals of WM and WM-driven behaviors.
Habitual Social Media and Smartphone Use are Linked to Task Delay for Some, but not all, Adolescents
Authors: Meier Adrian , Beyens Ine , Siebers Teun , Pouwels J. Loes , Valkenburg Patti M.
Published: August 2022

There is a popular concern that adolescents’ social media use, especially via smartphones, leads to the delay of intended, potentially more important tasks. Automatic social media use and frequent phone checking may especially contribute to task delay. Prior research has investigated this hypothesis through between-person associations. We advance the literature by additionally examining within-person and person-specific associations of automatic social media use and mobile phone checking frequency with each other and task delay. Preregistered hypotheses were tested with multilevel modeling on data from 3 weeks of experience sampling among N = 312 adolescents (ages 13–15), including T = 22,809 assessments. More automatic social media use and more frequent phone checking were, on average, associated with more task delay at the within-person level. However, heterogeneity analyses found these positive associations to be significant for only a minority of adolescents. We discuss implications for the media habit concept and adolescents’ self-regulation.
United as One_Preprint
Authors: Bukowski Marcin , de Lemus Soledad , Potoczek Anna , Sankaran Sindhuja , Petkanopoulou Katerina , muro pilar montañés , chryssochoou xenia , Tausch Nicole
Published: August 2022

Global threats are often identified as triggers of intergroup conflict. However, personal vs. social identity threats can differently shape intergroup relations – enhancing or decreasing cooperation and prejudice. We tested the idea that appraisals of different types of threat (to personal vs. social identity motives) shape specific representations of intergroup relations (as one-group recategorization or separate-group coalition), which have opposing implications for modern prejudice towards ethnic minorities. In four studies (N = 2,772) performed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we found evidence that personal threats were negatively associated with modern prejudice and this relation was mediated by preferences for separate group-representations, whereas social identity threats were positively associated with modern prejudice and mediated by preferences for one group representations.
Challenges of Using Information and Communication Technology in Teaching English in Nepal
Authors: Paudel Pitambar
Published: August 2022

Nepal government has initiated the policy of integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) at school level education with the hope of empowering quality in education by enhancing teachers’ and students’ knowledge, confidence and skills in ICT use. In this scenario, this study aimed to investigate the challenges in implementing ICTs in language education from teachers’ perspectives. For this objective, sequential explanatory mixed method research design was used. Questionnaire, interview and observation were the tools used for data collection from 40 purposively selected secondary level English teachers. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically while qualitative information was analyzed textually. Both the results were integrated and interpreted in discussion. The findings exhibited that teacher and policy-related obstacles were the significant challenges than institution/school-related ones. The findings indicate that teachers are in need of immediate training on ICT use in language teaching to enhance their professionalism in ICTs and adequate ICT policy should be implemented to achieve optimum opportunities and reduce the challenges.
Becoming an Autonomous Learner in Nepalese EFL Context An Autoethnographic Study
Authors: Dhami Bhan Singh
Published: August 2022

This autoethnographic study explores the researcher’s own perceptions on learner autonomy in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context of Nepal. I collected the data from my experiences of learning English at Master’s level education in a campus from Kailali district under Tribhuvan University of Nepal. Using the autoethnographic research design of qualitative research, I conducted the study. More specifically, the data consisted of seven diaries written from March 2018 to April 2021. This study substantiates Vygotsky’s (1896-1934) socio-cultural theory as the main theoretical base. Furthermore, I also consulted Holec’s (1981) learner autonomy and Knowles’ (1975) self-directed learning to strengthen my experiences to reveal how I became an autonomous EFL learner. The findings of this study reveal that close academic connection with the professors and universities is essential for becoming an autonomous learner in learning EFL in the researched context. Moreover, the learner’s personal effort and rigour in the process of learning seem to be paramount for the continuation of learner autonomy.
Motivational Strategies Employed by Pre-Primary School English Teachers in Nepal
Authors: Rai Koshi Raj , Karki Tek Mani , Karki Bishal
Published: August 2022

Motivation plays an important role in teaching learning activities. The motivational techniques make the classroom more interesting, effective, and successful as they help teachers teach the students effectively and students learn enthusiastically and interestingly. Considering the teaching learning activities using motivational techniques in the classroom, this paper explores the current practices of motivational strategies implemented by English teachers at the pre-primary level. A series of interviews with purposively selected pre-primary level English teachers and their class observations reveal various motivational strategies used in the teaching learning activities in the classrooms. The strategies the teachers used in their daily practices include greetings the students, playing with goods, using rhymes in the class, offering rewards, and calling lovely names to the students. The implication of the study is that the motivational strategies employed in the classroom activities are more effective, fruitful, and the students learn the teaching stuff in a joyful environment.
Teacher Retention in Private Schools of Nepal: A Case from Bhaktapur District
Authors: Shrestha Rajan Kumar
Published: August 2022

Retention of qualified teachers is a crucial part for the quality education in schools because qualified, experienced and stable teachers can enhance the academic standard of students. It is equally important for the smooth operation and success of schools. Considering these facts, a quantitative research with correlational research design was carried out with the objective of finding out relationship between teacher retention and domains of its determinants in private schools of Bhaktapur district, Nepal. The data was collected through a questionnaire. This study concluded that financial and school culture domains have a powerful and significant impact on teacher retention. Similarly, there is a significant association between teacher retention and social domain, and between teacher retention and emotional domain. This study suggested that school administrators and policy makers need to understand that there is a strong positive impact of financial domain and school culture domain on teacher retention. They need to formulate policies which can satisfy financial needs and create a good school culture. Similarly, they need to improve teacher retention by addressing emotional domain and social domain.
Junk Food Consumption Practices among the College Students in Banke District
Authors: Sharma Bhagawoti
Published: August 2022

Junk foods are easy to prepare and take but have low nutritional value and contain only fat, high sugar, salt, calories, and colours which adversely affect the health of college students. The objective of this study was to assess the junk food consumption practice and its causes and study the relationship between socio-demographic factors and frequency of junk food consumption among college students. This study utilized a cross-sectional research design under quantitative research. Three hundred and fifty-four students were selected by using the multistage sampling method. A set of questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The collected data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20 using simple statistical methods including univariate and bivariate analysis. This study found that all of the respondents consumed junk food, among them 33.1 percent of the respondents consumed doughnuts, 40.1 percent of the respondents consumed chat-pat, 37.9 percent of the respondent consumed pani-puri, 39.0 percent of the respondents consumed noodles, 22.31 percent of the respondents consumed chocolates. Likewise, 60.7percent of the respondents consumed junk food in the afternoon and least (2.8%) of the respondents consumed junk food at night. Similarly, 30.2 percent of the respondents consumed junk food three times a day and 12.4 percent of the respondents consumed twice a day. Likewise, this study also found that there is no relationship between socio-demographic factors (age, gender, religion, fathers’ education, mothers’ education, fathers’ occupation, mothers’ occupation) and frequency of junk food consumption among college students. Furthermore, this study found that the main reason of taking junk food is it being easy to make and influence of advertisements, save time, and its taste. Therefore, this study suggests conducting junk food related health awareness programmes for college students.
Impact of Homestays on Socio-economic Opportunities of the Local Community
Authors: Woli Lokendra
Published: August 2022

Homestays have settled current encouraging tourism becoming an important source of income for many families in rural areas of Nepal. Homestay has supported the local and external visitors to learn about the local culture, custom, traditions, and diversity among others. The objective of this study was to find out the socio-economic opportunities and its impact on local community of Dallagaon, Bardiya. This study further observed the cultural impact of homestays on the host community. Concurrent mixed-methods research design was used to understand the situation of homestay at the destination by using the questionnaire, interview and key informant information as the tools. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The result shows that homestays plays the vital role to conserve the culture by increasing local product and to empower in the education by increasing the economic conditions. It helps to improve communication skills as well as reduce migration problems and hence supportive for local employment. There is no significant difference between the economic and socio-cultural impact of homestays on the host community as perceived by homestay operators in the sample according to the t-test analysis. Dallagaon may be the best destination for those tourists who seek rich, unique and firsthand Tharu culture. The local communities are becoming more aware of their cultural identity, preservation, and the creation of new local infrastructure. It will contribute the creation of more job opportunities, infrastructure development, and essentially poverty reduction.
Organización campesina y las trasformaciones locales-globales. Los Altos y su articulación con el Comercio Justo
Authors: Tepox-Vivar Ángeles
Published: August 2022

El desarrollo y consolidación del Comercio Justo (CJ) ha articulado diversos territorios y problemáticas en torno a un proyecto ético de precios justos y principios democráticos. En ese devenir histórico, han adquirido un mayor protagonismo las experiencias de las organizaciones no gubernamentales europeas frente a las experiencias de las organizaciones campesinas latinoamericanas. El propósito del presente estudio consiste en destacar la presencia de una tradición de luchas campesinas, particularmente de las organizaciones cafetaleras de México, en la conformación y consolidación del Comercio Justo, a escala local y global, a través de sus experiencias locales. La recuperación del papel de las organizaciones campesinas se efectúa mediante una breve revisión de sus principales frentes organizativos y programas políticos, particularmente de los cafeticultores. Por un lado, se utiliza el planteamiento de Régimen Alimentario, para analizar la articulación entre las principales reivindicaciones políticas de las organizaciones campesinas y las trasformaciones agroalimentarias globales. Y, por otro lado, se recuperan, mediante el método etnográfico, las experiencias de organizaciones cafetaleras de la Región de los Altos en Chiapas para destacar que muchas de estas funcionaban a partir de principios democráticos y habilidades forjadas mucho antes de su incorporación y de la propia formación del CJ.
Correction of the naming of things: the coercion of war in education and public life
Authors: Boichenko Mykhailo
Published: August 2022

Education reveals itself as an area of priority use of the basic vocabulary of society, and at the same time that is why in the education it is best field to start correcting and refining this vocabulary. The war aims to radically reconsider social values, to abandon unjustified compromises, and the proper way to do this is to correct the names. At one time, with the help of naming, people recorded important characteristics of the world, categorized and classified them, set appropriate markers for vital phenomena and processes. This is reflected, in particular, in the biblical myth of Adam, who gave names to living beings. The Chinese philosopher Confucius had explained and conceptualized the situation of name rectification as a necessary procedure to which society should periodically turn. However, one should not wait until a war or other deep social crisis necessitates the rectification of names – the correction of names should be carried out constantly, as a routine procedure, as an element of the application of critical thinking. However, in contrast to the traditional view of critical thinking, the correction of names also requires faith – to establish those values that are not subject to critical review. In times of war, it is faith in Victory. Correction of names has its bearer – a new generation, whose values were formed by participation in the war. Russia’s current war against Ukraine largely reproduces the value disposition of the Southern Confederate war against the North in the United States in 1861-1865 – important lessons from the war can be learned from this. One of the most important tasks is to properly name evil as evil, to oppose the unanimous public outrage at the desire of the strong to establish themselves at the expense of the weak. The naming of evil as evil opens up the possibility of establishing good as a force, of discovering the economic, political, and military advantages of moral right.
US Accreditation as a World-Class Education Quality Indicator
Authors: Parscale Steve , Reams Lester C. , Andrienko-Genin Tatiana
Published: August 2022

On the turning point of European and world history, it is extremely important to unveil and effectively utilize the potential of effective high-quality education to make the future better for generations to come. Higher education quality management through accreditation has a long history of development in the United States, and time-proven standards, stimulating accredited institutions to continually improve academic quality.

The concepts, systems, principles and practices of accreditation arouse in the United States out of the need to meet the demands for quality, and evolved over decades, to form a coherent set of standards and frameworks of continuous improvement in all meaningful directions of the educational institutions’ life, striving for teaching excellence and high learning outcomes. At present, accreditation principles and processes, as exemplified by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP) programmatic accreditation, are implemented in the US and numerous countries of the world, to ensure high standard and continuous improvement of business education quality, to raise the competitiveness of educational institutions in response to the expectations of public (primarily, students and their families), governments, employers, universities/colleges, academics, and broader communities.

This study establishes the correlation of the quality management system via ACBSP accreditation with the continuous improvement of business education quality. This study also provides statistical evidence that the application of quality management principles at institutions of higher education with accredited business programs did result in the association with enhanced student learning outcomes.

Higher education quality management leads to higher employability of the institution’s graduates. Since the quality of education is crucial for the country’s economic growth and prosperity, the business education institutions and programs in Ukraine and other Central and Eastern European and Eurasian countries may benefit from implementing quality management through ACBSP accreditation for their undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate (doctoral) business programs, to satisfy ever-rising expectations of candidates for top managerial and leadership positions.

The research suggests that 51% of the institutions of higher education with business programs in the United States, and 93% of the institutions of higher education worldwide could benefit from implementing accreditation principles and processes to maintain and enhance their education quality and competitiveness in the world business education market, for the sake of highest recognition of their graduates’ diploma on the global job markets and significant increase of their employability.
Scientometrics, bibliometrics and infometrics: accounting of scientific research and the progress of science from the point of view of the philosophy of global sustainable development strategy
Authors: Boichenko Mykhailo , Zinchenko Viktor
Published: August 2022

Scientometrics, as a rule, is considered in details – the more accurate and ex­pressive the detailing, the more effective is the accounting of scientific research: the measurement of quantitative parameters of the results of scientific activity is aimed at improving the quality of scientific communication and, ultimately, the progress of science. This led to the transition from usual bibliometrics to sciento­metrics, and later to other more sophisticated forms of accounting for scientific activity, which can be divided into infometrics and altmetrics. Infometrics and its modifications take into account everything that could be formalized, while altmetrics seeks to include qualitative parameters in the realm of quantitative measurements. In this article, attention is focused precisely on the analysis of the relationship between quantitative methods and quantitative indicators of scien­tific activity with the progress of science thanks to a comparative assessment of bibliometrics, scientific metrics and infometrics from philosophical positions. A way out of the problematic situations in which attempts to provide a quantita­tive description of the quality of scientific activity inevitably fall, should be sought beyond the quantitative methods themselves – in the identification of their ulti­mate goal. Such a goal is the development of humanity through the progress of science. The UN program “Transforming Our World: Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development” offers a systematic vision of ways to accomplish this task, which, in particular, sets the goal of achieving equal development opportunities for every person. Bibliometrics, scientometrics and infometrics contribute to overcoming many types of social inequality – provided that people are actively involved in sci­entific activity: personal scientific achievements level out property, gender, reli­gious, ethnic and many other types of social inequality and give every participant of scientific research access to a public career and personal development. The development of each person on a rational basis is the ultimate goal of science, which is the basis of the philosophy of the strategy of global sustainable develop­ment of Mankind.
“TELE-commuting” During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Unveiling State-wide Patterns and Trends of Telecommuting in Relation to Transportation, Employment, Land Use, and Emissions in Calif
Authors:   California State University, Dominguez Hills, Lu Tianjun , Ke Jian-yu ,   California State University, Dominguez Hills, Prager Fynnwin ,   California State University, Dominguez Hills, Martinez Jose N. ,   California State University, Dominguez Hills
Published: August 2022

Telecommuting, the practice of working remotely at home, increased significantly (25% to 35%) early in the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift represented a major societal change that reshaped the family, work, and social lives of many Californians. These changes also raise important questions about what factors influenced telecommuting before, during, and after COVID-19, and to what extent changes in telecommuting have influenced transportation patterns across commute modes, employment, land use, and environment. The research team conducted state-level telecommuting surveys using a crowd-sourced platform (i.e., Amazon Mechanical Turk) to obtain valid samples across California (n=1,985) and conducted state-level interviews among stakeholders (n=28) across ten major industries in California. The study leveraged secondary datasets and developed regression and time-series models. Our surveys found that, compared to pre-pandemic levels, more people had a dedicated workspace at home and had received adequate training and support for telecommuting, became more flexible to choose their own schedules, and had improved their working performance—but felt isolated and found it difficult to separate home and work life. Our interviews suggested that telecommuting policies were not commonly designed and implemented until COVID-19. Additionally, regression analyses showed that telecommuting practices have been influenced by COVID-19 related policies, public risk perception, home prices, broadband rates, and government employment. This study reveals advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting and unveils the complex relationships among the COVID-19 outbreak, transportation systems, employment, land use, and emissions as well as public risk perception and economic factors. The study informs statewide and regional policies to adapt to the new patterns of telecommuting.
Lithium Benzoate Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Improving Mitochondrial Function, Attenuating Reactive Oxygen Species, and Protecting Cognition and Memory in an Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lu Lu-Ping , Chang Wei-Hua , Huang Jing-Jia , Tan Peng , Tsai Guochuan Emil
Published: August 2022

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease affecting many cellular pathways, including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress (OS), and neuroinflammation. Currently, no effective treatment for AD exists.

Objective:

We aim to determine the effect of lithium benzoate (LiBen) in protecting neurons from amyloid-β (Aβ) or other neurotoxin insults.

Methods:

Primary rat cortical neurons co-treated with neurotoxins and LiBen were used to examine its effect in cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance, and mitochondrial functions by MTT, CellRox fluorescence staining, and seahorse assay. Then, Barnes maze and prepulse inhibition test were performed in APP/PS1 mice that received chronic LiBen treatment to assess its effect on cognitive protection. Oral bioavailability of LiBen was also assessed by pharmacokinetic study in rat plasma.

Results:

In this study, we discovered that LiBen can attenuate cellular ROS level, improve mitochondrial function, increase cell viability against multiple different insults of mitochondrial dysfunction, Aβ accumulation, and neuroinflammation, and promote neurogenesis. We demonstrated that LiBen has advantages over lithium or sodium benzoate alone as LiBen displays superior neuroprotective efficacy and oral bioavailability than the other two agents when being applied either alone or in combination. Furthermore, chronic administration of LiBen showed protection for cognition as well as spatial memory and reduced the senile plaque deposition in brains of AD animal models.

Conclusion:

LiBen stands as a promising therapeutic agent for improving cognition and delaying the progression of AD.
Triple negative breast cancer and reconstruction: Predictors of recurrence, complications, and mortality
Authors: Sogunro Olutayo , Sayyed Adaah A. , Aminpour Nathan , Towfighi Parhom , Maini Mansi , Masanam Monika , Deldar Romina , Murray Allison , De La Cruz Lucy , Greenwalt Ian , Son Jennifer D.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Only 42% of all breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy elect for breast reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: We evaluate factors impacting complications, recurrence, and mortality in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients undergoing reconstruction. METHODS: Reconstructive TNBC patients at a single institution from 2010 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, cancer characteristics, reconstruction choice, and complications were collected. Statistical significance was defined at p < 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 131 patients were identified. Average age was 47.8 years, 50.4% were Caucasian and 36.4% were African American. Most patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (90.8%), and most underwent nipple-sparing (41.2%) or skin-sparing (38.9%) mastectomies. Twenty-one patients (16.0%) experienced postoperative complications. Patients with complications tended to be older (52.1 versus 46.9 years, p = 0.052). At mean follow-up of 52.1 months, 14.5% experienced cancer recurrence and 5.3% died. Deceased patients were significantly younger at diagnosis (42.2 versus 48.5 years, p = 0.008) and had a lower BMI compared to surviving patients (21.2 versus 26.9 kg/m2; p = 0.014). Patients younger than age 45 years had higher Ki-67 than those older than 45 years (80.0% versus 60.0%, p = 0.013). Outcomes in autologous- versus implant-based reconstruction were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: In TNBC post-mastectomy reconstruction patients, age and BMI were predictors of mortality while race, smoking history, reconstruction choice, or type of implant-based reconstruction had no significant effect on these outcomes. SYNOPSIS: The purpose of this study is to evaluate factors that impact complications, recurrence, and mortality in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients undergoing reconstruction. We identified BMI, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and age as predictors of complications, recurrence, and mortality in TNBC.
Exploring digital transformation of teacher education in the Western Balkans: Case of Kosovo
Authors: Qorraj Gazmend , Kaçaniku Fjolla
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: The whole educational system from pre-university to university level has been challenged with the immediate pressure to transform during the lockdown period of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The question of how to ensure digital transformation in universities become topical at policy, institutional, and classroom practice dimensions. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to examine and explore how digital transformation in higher education in Kosovo is conceptualised in a changing context. The study focuses on teacher education as a pathway that links pre-university education with higher education system to ensure future teacher preparation. METHODS: The study used a qualitative research design. The data were collected through interviews with management staff (n = 3) and teacher educators (n = 7), and group interviews with student teachers (n = 15), at the University in Kosovo and teacher education institution. Following the principles of the hermeneutical circle, conceptualisations of digital transformation in teacher education were clustered into the following dimensions: (i) policy, (ii) organisation culture and management, and (iii) teaching and learning. RESULTS: The paper analyses the Western Balkans, specifically Kosovo, as the country faced the transition challenges including institutional building, limited administrative capabilities, and other challenges regarding educational process and digitalization. The paper contributes to the discussions with the emerging conceptualisations of digital transformation in teacher education by drawing from thematic areas concerning policy response mechanisms, teacher education policy as isolated from higher education framework, change management process, missing organisational culture, rigidity and resistance in teaching. CONCLUSIONS: The paper concludes that teacher education context should be reconceptualised within the higher education framework to better manage a transition and change settings for a shared conceptualisation and sustainable digital transformation.