bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano-fenretinide demonstrates remarkable activity in acute promyeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Farruggia Giovanna , Anconelli Lorenzo , Galassi Lucrezia , Voltattorni Manuela , Rossi Martina , Lodeserto Pietro , Blasi Paolo , Orienti Isabella
Published: June 2024

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by rearrangements of the retinoic acid receptor, RARα, which makes all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) highly effective in the treatment of this disease, inducing promyelocytes differentiation. Current therapy, based on ATRA in combination with arsenic trioxide, with or without chemotherapy, provides high rates of event-free survival and overall survival. However, a decline in the drug activity, due to increased ATRA metabolism and RARα mutations, is often observed over long-term treatments. Furthermore, dedifferentiation can occur providing relapse of the disease. In this study we evaluated fenretinide, a semisynthetic ATRA derivative, encapsulated in nanomicelles (nano-fenretinide) as an alternative treatment to ATRA in APL. Nano-fenretinide was prepared by fenretinide encapsulation in a self-assembling phospholipid mixture. Physico-chemical characterization was carried out by dinamic light scattering and spectrophotometry. The biological activity was evaluated by MTT assay, flow cytometry and confocal laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy. Nano-fenretinide induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL60) by an early increase of reactive oxygen species and a mitochondrial potential decrease. The fenretinide concentration that induced 90–100% decrease in cell viability was about 2.0 µM at 24 h, a concentration easily achievable in vivo when nano-fenretinide is administered by oral or intravenous route, as demonstrated in previous studies. Nano-fenretinide was effective, albeit at slightly higher concentrations, also in doxorubicin-resistant HL60 cells, while a comparison with TK6 lymphoblasts indicated a lack of toxicity on normal cells. The results indicate that nano-fenretinide can be considered an alternative therapy to ATRA in acute promyelocytic leukemia when decreased efficacy, resistance or recurrence of disease emerge after protracted treatments with ATRA.
An ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine in thalamic nucleus reuniens undermines fear extinction via intermediation of hippocamposeptal circuits
Authors: Cheung Hoiyin , Yu Tong-Zhou , Yi Xin , Wu Yan-Jiao , Wang Qi , Gu Xue , Xu Miao , Cai Meihua , Wen Wen , Li Xin-Ni , Liu Ying-Xiao , Sun Ying , Zheng Jijian , Xu Tian-Le , Luo Yan , Zhang Ma-Zhong , Li Wei-Guang
Published: June 2024

Benzodiazepines, commonly used for anxiolytics, hinder conditioned fear extinction, and the underlying circuit mechanisms are unclear. Utilizing remimazolam, an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, here we reveal its impact on the thalamic nucleus reuniens (RE) and interconnected hippocamposeptal circuits during fear extinction. Systemic or RE-specific administration of remimazolam impedes fear extinction by reducing RE activation through A type GABA receptors. Remimazolam enhances long-range GABAergic inhibition from lateral septum (LS) to RE, underlying the compromised fear extinction. RE projects to ventral hippocampus (vHPC), which in turn sends projections characterized by feed-forward inhibition to the GABAergic neurons of the LS. This is coupled with long-range GABAergic projections from the LS to RE, collectively constituting an overall positive feedback circuit construct that promotes fear extinction. RE-specific remimazolam negates the facilitation of fear extinction by disrupting this circuit. Thus, remimazolam in RE disrupts fear extinction caused by hippocamposeptal intermediation, offering mechanistic insights for the dilemma of combining anxiolytics with extinction-based exposure therapy.
Comparative analysis of Wolbachia maternal transmission and localization in host ovaries
Authors: Hague Michael T. J. , Wheeler Timothy B. , Cooper Brandon S.
Published: June 2024

Many insects and other animals carry microbial endosymbionts that influence their reproduction and fitness. These relationships only persist if endosymbionts are reliably transmitted from one host generation to the next. Wolbachia are maternally transmitted endosymbionts found in most insect species, but transmission rates can vary across environments. Maternal transmission of wMel Wolbachia depends on temperature in natural Drosophila melanogaster hosts and in transinfected Aedes aegypti, where wMel is used to block pathogens that cause human disease. In D. melanogaster, wMel transmission declines in the cold as Wolbachia become less abundant in host ovaries and at the posterior pole plasm (the site of germline formation) in mature oocytes. Here, we assess how temperature affects maternal transmission and underlying patterns of Wolbachia localization across 10 Wolbachia strains diverged up to 50 million years—including strains closely related to wMel—and their natural Drosophila hosts. Many Wolbachia maintain high transmission rates across temperatures, despite highly variable (and sometimes low) levels of Wolbachia in the ovaries and at the developing germline in late-stage oocytes. Identifying strains like closely related wMel-like Wolbachia with stable transmission across variable environmental conditions may improve the efficacy of Wolbachia-based biocontrol efforts as they expand into globally diverse environments.
Ultrafast opto-magnetic effects in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range
Authors: Hennecke Martin , von Korff Schmising Clemens , Yao Kelvin , Jal Emmanuelle , Vodungbo Boris , Chardonnet Valentin , Légaré Katherine , Capotondi Flavio , Naumenko Denys , Pedersoli Emanuele , Lopez-Quintas Ignacio , Nikolov Ivaylo P. , Raimondi Lorenzo , De Ninno Giovanni , Salemi Leandro , Ruta Sergiu , Chantrell Roy , Ostler Thomas , Pfau Bastian , Engel Dieter , Oppeneer Peter M. , Eisebitt Stefan , Radu Ilie
Published: June 2024

Coherent light-matter interactions mediated by opto-magnetic phenomena like the inverse Faraday effect (IFE) are expected to provide a non-thermal pathway for ultrafast manipulation of magnetism on timescales as short as the excitation pulse itself. As the IFE scales with the spin-orbit coupling strength of the involved electronic states, photo-exciting the strongly spin-orbit coupled core-level electrons in magnetic materials appears as an appealing method to transiently generate large opto-magnetic moments. Here, we investigate this scenario in a ferrimagnetic GdFeCo alloy by using intense and circularly polarized pulses of extreme ultraviolet radiation. Our results reveal ultrafast and strong helicity-dependent magnetic effects which are in line with the characteristic fingerprints of an IFE, corroborated by ab initio opto-magnetic IFE theory and atomistic spin dynamics simulations.
Deep sea cold seeps are a sink for mercury and source for methylmercury
Authors: Li Jiwei , Dong Xiyang , Tang Yongjie , Zhang Chuwen , Yang Yali , Zhang Wei , Liu Shanshan , Yuan Wei , Feng Xinbin , Heimbürger-Boavida Lars-Eric , Wang Feiyue , Shang Lihai , Peng Xiaotong
Published: June 2024

The effect of seafloor cold seeps on the biogeochemical cycling of mercury (Hg) remains enigmatic. Here we demonstrate substantial enrichments of mercury and methylmercury, along with the presence of microbes capable of metabolizing mercury in sediments of the Haima cold seep, South China Sea, by analyzing mercury and methylmercury concentrations, mercury isotopic composition analyses and metagenomic analyses of sediment cores. Compared to the reference area, the sediments in the upper sediment column of the active-seep area were 2.4 times enriched in Hg and 10.5 times in methylmercury. The slope of the capital delta ratio of mercury 199 to mercury 201 (Δ199Hg/Δ201Hg) with 1.23 ± 0.10 in the active-seep area indicate the occurrence of dark redox reactions. Genes related to mercury methylation (hgcA), demethylation (merB) and reduction (merA) were phylogenetically associated with several bacterial and archaeal linages. We roughly estimated an additional 2,835 Mg mercury and 9 Mg methylmercury are stored in cold seep globally. In summary, we propose that cold seeps globally function as a previously unrecognized sink for mercury and source for methylmercury in the deep ocean.
A microfluidic ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl
Authors: Ji Zhiheng , Wang Dou , Wang Juan
Published: June 2024

The portable ratiometric electrochemical sensing platform combines a microfluidic chip, a wireless integrated circuit system and a mobile phone control terminal for highly sensitive and selective detection of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl.
Synthesis, characterisation and antimicrobial activity of supramolecular cobalt-peptide conjugates
Authors: Janzen Liudmila , Miller Reece G. , Metzler-Nolte Nils
Published: June 2024

Herein, we describe the synthesis, characterisation and antimicrobial activity of four new supramolecular cobalt conjugates of antimicrobial peptides functionalised with terpyridine ligands (L).
Pd(ii)/diphosphine/curcumin complexes as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Dutra Jocely L. , Honorato João , Graminha Angélica , Moraes Carlos André F. , de Oliveira Kleber T. , Cominetti Marcia R. , Castellano Eduardo E. , Batista Alzir A.
Published: June 2024

Palladium(ii) complexes have stimulated research interest mainly due to their in vitro cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines and their low cytotoxicity in healthy cells.
Small molecular donor materials based on β–β-bridged BODIPY dimers with a triphenylamine or carbazole unit for efficient organic solar cells
Authors: Zhu Minhao , Gu Tingting , Liang Xu , Pandey Sarvesh Kumar , Gros Claude P. , Xu Hai-Jun , Sharma Ganesh D.
Published: June 2024

Design and synthesis of two BODIPY dimer-based small molecules functionalized with triphenylamine (TPA, ZMH-1) and carbazole (CZ, ZMH-2) units as the electron donor. Ternary OSCs based on ZMH-1 and ZMH-2 reach PCEs of 13.7% and 12.7%, respectively.
A bipolar-type covalent organic framework on carbon nanotubes with enhanced density of redox-active sites for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xu Qingmei , Liu Zhixin , Jin Yucheng , Yang Xiya , Sun Tingting , Zheng Tianyu , Li Ning , Wang Yuhui , Li Tongxuan , Wang Kang , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: June 2024

A COF has been successfully fabricated onto carbon nanotubes as a cathode in LIBs with a high energy density of 737.5 W h g−1, representing the highest one among the thus far reported LIB cathodes.
Development of composite alginate bead media with encapsulated sorptive materials and microorganisms to bioaugment green stormwater infrastructure
Authors: Tanmoy Debojit S. , LeFevre Gregory H.
Published: June 2024

A novel biologically active sorptive medium was developed to bioaugment green stormwater infrastructure and rapidly sorb trace organic contaminants with subsequent biodegradation to provide sustained runoff treatment.
Resistant starch and tannic acid synergistically ameliorated dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis, particularly in the distal colon
Authors: Liu Zijun , Luo Shunjing , Liu Chengmei , Hu Xiuting
Published: June 2024

Tannic acid and resistant starch synergistically ameliorated DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Particularly, their mixtures were able to reverse the histology damage of the distal colon, while resistant starch or tannic acid was not.
Self-assembled viologens on HOPG: solid-state NMR and AFM unravel the location of the anions
Authors: Joseph Jean , Raya Jésus , Palmino Frank , Jeannoutot Judicaël , Berville Mathilde , Weiss Jean , Chérioux Frédéric , Wytko Jennifer A.
Published: June 2024

Complete organization of a network of viologens and PF6− anions on HOPG is unraveled by combining solid-state NMR and AFM.
Seeding the vertical growth of laterally coherent coordination polymers on the rutile-TiO2(110) surface
Authors: Schio Luca , Bavdek Gregor , Grazioli Cesare , Obersnù Claudia , Cossaro Albano , Goldoni Andrea , Calloni Alberto , Bossi Alberto , Bussetti Gianlorenzo , Orbelli Biroli Alessio , Vittadini Andrea , Floreano Luca
Published: June 2024

Dipyridyl-naphthalenediimide binds vertically at axial coordination site of Zn- and Co-porphyrins adsorbed on TiO2(110), whereas coordination to Cu-porphyrin is weaker than flat coupling to substrate.
Formation of chalcogen-bonding interactions and their role in the trans–trans conformation of thiourea
Authors: Inoue Takumi , Morita Nami , Amijima Yui , Sakai Rika , Hamada Shohei , Nakamura Seikou , Kobayashi Yusuke , Furuta Takumi
Published: June 2024

Formation of chalcogen-bonding interactions and their role for the conformational control were visualized and quantified in the trans–trans conformation of thiourea.
Morphology, repulsion, and ordering of red blood cells in viscoelastic flows under confinement
Authors: Recktenwald Steffen M. , Rashidi Yazdan , Graham Ian , Arratia Paulo E. , Del Giudice Francesco , Wagner Christian
Published: June 2024

We study the impact of fluid viscoelasticity on red blood cell morphology and aggregation and provide the first experimental evidence of cell ordering.
Anode-free lithium metal batteries: a promising flexible energy storage system
Authors: Tang Kai , Tian Liying , Zhang Yuwei , Xu Zhichuan J.
Published: June 2024

The anode-free lithium metal battery is characterized by light weight, low cost, high-energy density, and high safety and shows great potential for the application of flexible devices.
eIF2β zinc-binding domain interacts with the eIF2γ subunit through the guanine nucleotide binding interface to promote Met-tRNAiMet binding
Authors: Gayen Aranyadip , Alone Pankaj V.
Published: June 2024

The heterotrimeric eIF2 complex consists of a core eIF2γ subunit to which binds eIF2α and eIF2β subunits and plays an important role in delivering the Met-tRNAiMet to the 40S ribosome and start codon selection. The intricacies of eIF2β-γ interaction in promoting Met-tRNAiMet binding are not clearly understood. Previously, the zinc-binding domain (ZBD) eIF2βS264Y mutation was reported to cause Met-tRNAiMet binding defect due to the intrinsic GTPase activity. We showed that the eIF2βS264Y mutation has eIF2β-γ interaction defect. Consistently, the eIF2βT238A intragenic suppressor mutation restored the eIF2β-γ and Met-tRNAiMet binding. The eIF2β-ZBD residues Asn252Asp and Arg253Ala mutation caused Met-tRNAiMet binding defect that was partially rescued by the eIF2βT238A mutation, suggesting the eIF2β-ZBD modulates Met-tRNAiMet binding. The suppressor mutation rescued the translation initiation fidelity defect of the eIF2γN135D SW-I mutation and eIF2βF217A/Q221A double mutation in the HTH domain. The eIF2βT238A suppressor mutation could not rescue the eIF2β binding defect of the eIF2γV281K mutation; however, combining the eIF2βS264Y mutation with the eIF2γV281K mutation was lethal. In addition to the previously known interaction of eIF2β with the eIF2γ subunit via its α1-helix, the eIF2β-ZBD also interacts with the eIF2γ subunit via guanine nucleotide-binding interface; thus, the eIF2β-γ interacts via two distinct binding sites.
Dead‐time compensation for PMSM with phase shift of impedance considered based on adaptive linear neuron method
Authors: Liu Jinhai , Chen Huanting
Published: June 2024

A new adaptive‐linear‐neuron‐ (ADALINE‐) based dead‐time compensation method is presented for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. It is proposed to suppress the sixth current harmonics adaptively in the synchronous reference frame due to dead‐time effects. In order to extract the sixth current harmonics, two ADALINE‐based extractors are used without taking into account the electrical lead angle. An improved ADALINE algorithm is used to calculate compensation voltages, taking into account the phase shift of impedance. The proposed method is capable of operating not only at low speed but also at medium and rated speeds in contrast to the traditional compensation method of ADALINE only at low speed. The new method is effective in steady, load dynamic and speed dynamic states with no needs for any extra hardware to detect phase current polarity. The effectiveness of the proposed compensation method is verified on a 780 W PMSM drive through experiments.
RETRACTED: Environmental aspects and preferences when creating an energy-efficient house from natural materials such as Samantha
Authors: Khujaev Parviz , Ismatullozoda Jamshed , Umirzakov Zuhriddin , Maxsitaliyev Barxayotjon , Tillaboyeva Farangiz , Sobirov Murodiljon , Mamatov Akmaljon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Process of mechanical processing of cylindrical long parts and problems arising in the process
Authors: Fayzimatov Shuhrat , Khusanov Yunusali , Omonov Abdukaxxor , Matkarimov Behzod , Sadirov Shokhrukh , Yusufjonov Otabek , Turgunboev Temur
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Ome analysis of the stress-strain state of earth dams taking into account their own weight
Authors: Khaydarova Ozodakhon , Khusanov Yunusali , Alimjonova Gulnoza , Usmonov Mamur
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Psychological aspects of the transition to a green economy
Authors: Prisniakova Liudmyla , Aharkov Oleh , Bukanov Hryhorii , Harets Nadiia , Tarasevych Inna
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Assessment of complex reliability indicators at the design stage
Authors: Ahmadova Esmira , Kerimova Lala , Asgarova Bahar , Gahramanli Turkana
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Models for improving the activities of enterprises
Authors: Otakuziyeva Zuhra , Iminova Nargizaxon , Khakimova Khulkar , Raximova Sevara
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Patentability and possible automation
Authors: Hajiyeva Rena J. , Rzaguliyev Alikhan I.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Foresight, innovation strategies, and technological guideline for turning a small business into a corporation
Authors: Khursanaliyev Boburmirzo , Solidjonov Dilyorjon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The developmental progress of the cognitive approach
Authors: Gaybullaeva Nafisa , Navruzova Muyassar
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Ways to explore cryptography methods
Authors: Rahimova Gulnar E.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Development of students’ data working competency in information technology lessons
Authors: Rashidov Anvarjon , Xalloqova Oygul
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Development of new technology S4S (Star for Study) for teaching IT sphere students
Authors: Zokirov Sanjar , Rakhmatova Gavkharoy
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Integration of Ukrainian cuisine in modern conditions
Authors: Hruzdieva Olena , Teslenko Tatyana , Luchanska Yuliia
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Analysis of the dynamic model of seed movement in the pneumotransport system
Authors: Turgunov Dilmurod , Oripov Nodirbek , Mominov Bekzod , Khalilova Dildora
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Ecological and ethological features of Acridotheres tristis during reproductive phase
Authors: Rayimov A.R. , Raxmonov R.R. , Komilova B.O.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Effect of salinity on ecological and physiological characteristics of winter wheat varieties
Authors: Kholliyev Askar , Norboyeva Umida , Teshaeva Dilfuza
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Environmental situation along the Amudarya River
Authors: Orziyev Mahmud , Kucharov Jamshid , Egamberdiyev Faxriddin
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: History of formation of the hercynan structures of the northern Nuratau ridge on the regional background
Authors: Fidaev D.T. , Isomatov Yu.P. , Riskulov Kh.A.
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Primary processing technology of silk waste for use in silk industries
Authors: Sulaymanov Sharifjon , Kharamonov Mukhammadali
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Properties of wool fiber, and environmental problems and solutions of its finishing
Authors: Nabiyeva Iroda , Matkarimova Dilnoza , Islamova Zulaykho , Abdumajidov Anvar
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Initial factors affecting basic yarns in complex pattern of ring pile ikat fabrics
Authors: Umarova Munavvar , Niyazalieva Muxayyo , Baxtiyorova Ugiloy
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Design of environmental striped fabrics based on the assortment of possibilities of weaving machines
Authors: Doniyorova Matluba , Doniyorov Bektosh , Shamiyev Diyor , Sadikova Gulbahor
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Economic efficiency of production of knitted fabrics per unit of time
Authors: Ismailov Nurulla , Nabidjanova Nargiza , Rayimberdiyeva Dilrabo , Ergasheva Rashida , Mamatkulova Saida
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Methods of fabric defect detection using expert systems - a systematic literature review
Authors: Kayumov Ahror , Sobirov Muslimjon , Musayev Khurshid
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Analysis of comparison of CNC milling machine-tools
Authors: Tadjiboev Rasul , Rakhmonov Zaylobiddin
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Improving the quality of tourist services
Authors: Šálková Daniela , Yekimov Sergey , Křečková Renáta , Yarmoliuk Olena , Sobirov Bobur , Oleksenko Roman , Ihnatiev Vitalii
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Using music in ESG education
Authors: Regnerová Olga , Chelombitko Tetiana , Rakityanska Lyudmyla , Zaplatynska Anna , Sizhuk Inna , Bondar Svitlana , Derbak Olha
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Hamza personality: Historical reality and interpretation of times
Authors: Khonqulov Shavkatjon
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Neologisms of the author’s speech and their structural semantic study in the poetry of Usman Azim
Authors: Mardonova Sarvinoz , Asadov Tolkyn
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Language wealth of primary school students, its tasks
Authors: Qo’ldoshev Rustambek , Hamroyev Alijon , Jumayeva Habiba , Abulova Zilola , Xayrullayeva Dilnoza , Niyazova Moxichehra
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Word combination and patterns of linguistic syntactic construction
Authors: Yokubova Shakhnoza , Khojiyeva Makhfirat
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Development of students' linguistic competences in the methodology of teaching social and humanitarian sciences
Authors: Adizova Nodira
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The value of silence in speech communication
Authors: Yuldasheva Dilorom , Yusupova Dildora
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Activity of Cholpan in the literary environment of Bukhara
Authors: Safarova Hilola , Rajabova Marifat , Amonova Zilola , Shirinova Mekhrigiyo , Maxmudova Robiyabonu
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: The use of nonverbal communication in the classroom
Authors: Kobilova Aziza , Djumayeva Nozima , Djalilova Zarnigor
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
RETRACTED: Modeling the pedagogical training of future teachers
Authors: Nurullaeva Shakhlo
Published: June 2024

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 538, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453800001
Social welfare maximization of tourist bus service system in the M/M/1 queue with strategic tourists
Authors: Nidhi  , Sanga Sudeep Singh
Published: June 2024

Tourism is experiencing a transformative phase in its development, playing a pivotal role in the country’s economic growth. The potential for further advancement lies in effective tourism management. Recognizing this vital aspect, the present study investigates the application of the M/M/1 queueing model, considering the strategic behavior of tourists in a tourist bus service (TBS) system. A TBS system involves the provision of bus services to tourists, ensuring convenient and efficient travel to various destinations. Understanding the phenomenon of balking as a strategic behavior of tourists is crucial, where tourists strategically decide whether to join or balk based on the queue length, thereby highlighting its impact on the dynamics of tourists’ decision-making. In the proposed model, our attention is directed toward understanding the equilibrium and socially optimal strategies adopted by incoming tourists through a reward-cost structure in the observable queue. This structure allows us to analyze and identify the most effective and efficient strategies for tourists based on the balance between the rewards they receive and the costs they incur. Furthermore, government strategies involve interventions and policies by authorities to regulate and optimize the functioning of the TBS system. These strategies may include the implementation of subsidies or taxes on buses aimed at influencing bus arrival rates. We examine how governmental strategies are employed to identify the optimal bus buffer size objectively, ultimately seeking to maximize social welfare in the TBS system. Through a series of numerical experiments, we aim to unravel the dynamics of the optimal strategies while assessing the impact of varying information levels and TBS system parameters on the overall societal benefit. The ultimate objective is to pave the way for an optimized and more beneficial tourism landscape, fostering positive outcomes in the tourism sector.
Vagal Nerve Stimulation in the Pediatric Population and Correlation between Family and Treatment Team Perspectives: Single-Center Experience
Authors: Alnaami Ibrahim , Algarni Abdullah , Alqahtani Saeed A. , Alqahtani Rawan M. , Jabbar Imtinan Al , Alhadi Wajd , Alnujaymi Bayan M. , Alahmari Seham A. , Asiri Dina , AlQahtani Asma M. , Otaif Mansour Y.
Published: June 2024

Background Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive therapy to pharmacologic treatment in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of VNS therapy for seizure frequency reduction and improving the quality-of-life (QOL) measures in children with refractory epilepsy and to evaluate the correlation between the perspectives of families and those of the treating team.

Methods This was a prospective cohort study conducted at Abha Maternity and Children's Hospital, Saudi Arabia, from 2018 to 2022. A total of 21 pediatric patients who completed 1 year of follow-up after VNS implantation were included. Patients were aged between 2 and 14 years, with a mean age of 8.14 ± 3.92 years; 11 (52.4%) patients were females. Family and physician assessments were collected blinded to each other using the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-I) scores and QOL assessments to evaluate the correlation between the families' and treating team's perspectives on VNS outcomes.

Results In this study, VNS showed significant efficacy in reducing the frequency of seizures. VNS significantly reduced the number of seizures per week from a baseline median of 35 to a median of 0.25 at the end of the follow-up period, representing a dramatic reduction of 99.3% (p < 0.001). The number of emergency department visits per year decreased from a baseline median of 12 to a median of 2, a reduction of 83.3% (p < 0.001), while the number of hospital admissions per year decreased from a baseline median of 3 to a median of 1, a 66.7% decrease (p < 0.001). The number of antiepileptic medications taken decreased from a median of four to three (p < 0.001). Notably, 28.57% of the patients achieved complete seizure freedom, and 38% exhibited significant improvement, with at least 50% reduction in seizure frequency. Importantly, none of the patients experienced an increase in seizure frequency following VNS treatment. The family and physician assessments showed varying degrees of alignment in perceptions, with “concentration” exhibiting a significant positive correlation (r = 0.498, p = 0.022), indicating noteworthy agreement, whereas verbal communication did not show a substantial correlation (r = − 0.062, p = 0.791), indicating a divergence of views.

Conclusion VNS is a promising and well-tolerated therapy for individuals with intractable seizures, offering clinical benefits and potential enhancements in various aspects of QOL. The varying perceptions between family and physician assessments highlight the importance of considering multiple perspectives when evaluating treatment outcomes.
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT versus 18F-FDG PET/CT: Differentiating Metastatic Disease and Reactive Lymph Nodes in a Case of Carcinoma of Breast/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Gunasekaran Gopinathraj , Amalachandran Jaykanth
Published: June 2024

Gallium-68 (68Ga)-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography (PET) images the cancer-associated fibroblast that forms a vital component of the tumor microenvironment. It is known that 68Ga-FAPI PET can aid in differentiating reactive lymph nodes from metastatic lymph nodes. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) is still the most commonly used PET radiopharmaceutical in the evaluation of a wide range of malignancies including breast carcinoma. Reactive lymph nodes may also show FDG uptake which can hinder optimal assessment for metastatic involvement. We report an interesting case of invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast with associated World Health Organization clinical stage I acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for which 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT were done.
Redefining structural soundness in concrete constructions: A groundbreaking technique for water–cement ratio assessment in sustainable building integrated with explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Jibril Mahmud M. , Muhammad Umar Jibrin , Adamu Musa , Ibrahim Yasser E. , Aljarbou Mishal H.
Published: June 2024

Predicting concrete’s compressive strength (CS) is a crucial and challenging task in civil engineering as it directly impacts the longevity and structural integrity of infrastructure initiatives. Precise estimation of the water–cement ratio (W/C) is essential for guaranteeing the structural integrity of structures since it is a critical parameter that greatly affects concrete’s CS. This study carries out an extensive investigation of the prediction of the W/C of concrete, utilizing the enormous potential of machine learning, including the backpropagation neural network (BPNN), bilayer neural network, boosted tree algorithm, bagged tree algorithm (BGTA), and support vector regression (SVR), using 108 datasets. We integrate artificial intelligence models with traditional engineering techniques to develop a reliable, precise, and efficient forecasting system. The study input includes curing days (D), fiber (F), cement (C), fine and coarse aggregate (FA and CA), density (Den), CS, water (W), and W/C as the output variables. The result shows that, in comparison to the other models, BGTA-M3 achieved the best performance evaluation criterion. In the calibration and verification phases, NSE, PCC, R, and WI = 1 and MAPE = 0.00, respectively. BPNN-M3 had an MAPE of 0.0004 in the verification phase. The study uses SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) technique, to improve decision-making in complex systems, with cement “C” significantly contributing to higher predictions in SVR-M2. Future studies should expand the dataset to include information from diverse geographic areas, environmental conditions, and concrete mixes to enhance the applicability and dependability of the models.
Kinetics of dense plasma in the field of short laser pulses: A generalized approach
Authors: Astapenko V. A. , Lisitsa V. S.
Published: June 2024

A generalized kinetic model of atomic level populations in an optically dense plasma excited by laser pulses of arbitrary duration is formulated and studied. This model is based on a nonstationary expression for the probability of excitation of an atomic transition and takes into account the effects of laser pulse penetration into an optically dense medium. A universal formula for the excitation probability as a function of time and propagation length is derived and applied to the case of a Lorentzian spectral profile of an atomic transition excited by a laser pulse with a Gaussian envelope. The features of nonstationary excitation probabilities are presented for different optical depths of the plasma, laser pulse durations, and carrier frequencies. The formulas derived here will be useful for the description of atomic populations excited by laser pulses under realistic conditions of dense plasmas.
Algorithm-assisted discovery of an intrinsic order among mathematical constants
Authors: Elimelech Rotem , David Ofir , De la Cruz Mengual Carlos , Kalisch Rotem , Berndt Wolfgang , Shalyt Michael , Silberstein Mark , Hadad Yaron , Kaminer Ido
Published: June 2024

In recent decades, a growing number of discoveries in mathematics have been assisted by computer algorithms, primarily for exploring large parameter spaces. As computers become more powerful, an intriguing possibility arises—the interplay between human intuition and computer algorithms can lead to discoveries of mathematical structures that would otherwise remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate computer-assisted discovery of a previously unknown mathematical structure, the conservative matrix field. In the spirit of the Ramanujan Machine project, we developed a massively parallel computer algorithm that found a large number of formulas, in the form of continued fractions, for numerous mathematical constants. The patterns arising from those formulas enabled the construction of the first conservative matrix fields and revealed their overarching properties. Conservative matrix fields unveil unexpected relations between different mathematical constants, such as
π
and ln(2), or
e
and the Gompertz constant. The importance of these matrix fields is further realized by their ability to connect formulas that do not have any apparent relation, thus unifying hundreds of existing formulas and generating infinitely many new formulas. We exemplify these implications on values of the Riemann zeta function
ζ
(n), studied for centuries across mathematics and physics. Matrix fields also enable new mathematical proofs of irrationality. For example, we use them to generalize the celebrated proof by Apéry of the irrationality of
ζ
(3). Utilizing thousands of personal computers worldwide, our research strategy demonstrates the power of large-scale computational approaches to tackle longstanding open problems and discover unexpected connections across diverse fields of science.
The role of shear forces in primary and secondary nucleation of amyloid fibrils
Authors: Axell Emil , Hu Jing , Lindberg Max , Dear Alexander J. , Ortigosa-Pascual Lei , Andrzejewska Ewa A. , Šneiderienė Greta , Thacker Dev , Knowles Tuomas P. J. , Sparr Emma , Linse Sara
Published: June 2024

Shear forces affect self-assembly processes ranging from crystallization to fiber formation. Here, the effect of mild agitation on amyloid fibril formation was explored for four peptides and investigated in detail for A

β

42, which is associated with Alzheimer’s disease. To gain mechanistic insights into the effect of mild agitation, nonseeded and seeded aggregation reactions were set up at various peptide concentrations with and without an inhibitor. First, an effect on fibril fragmentation was excluded by comparing the monomer-concentration dependence of aggregation kinetics under idle and agitated conditions. Second, using a secondary nucleation inhibitor, Brichos, the agitation effect on primary nucleation was decoupled from secondary nucleation. Third, an effect on secondary nucleation was established in the absence of inhibitor. Fourth, an effect on elongation was excluded by comparing the seeding potency of fibrils formed under idle or agitated conditions. We find that both primary and secondary nucleation steps are accelerated by gentle agitation. The increased shear forces facilitate both the detachment of newly formed aggregates from catalytic surfaces and the rate at which molecules are transported in the bulk solution to encounter nucleation sites on the fibril and other surfaces. Ultrastructural evidence obtained with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and free-flow electrophoresis in microfluidics devices imply that agitation speeds up the detachment of nucleated species from the fibril surface. Our findings shed light on the aggregation mechanism and the role of detachment for efficient secondary nucleation. The results inform on how to modulate the relative importance of different microscopic steps in drug discovery and investigations.
Measuring and modeling the dynamics of mitotic error correction
Authors: Ha Gloria , Dieterle Paul , Shen Hao , Amir Ariel , Needleman Daniel J.
Published: June 2024

Error correction is central to many biological systems and is critical for protein function and cell health. During mitosis, error correction is required for the faithful inheritance of genetic material. When functioning properly, the mitotic spindle segregates an equal number of chromosomes to daughter cells with high fidelity. Over the course of spindle assembly, many initially erroneous attachments between kinetochores and microtubules are fixed through the process of error correction. Despite the importance of chromosome segregation errors in cancer and other diseases, there is a lack of methods to characterize the dynamics of error correction and how it can go wrong. Here, we present an experimental method and analysis framework to quantify chromosome segregation error correction in human tissue culture cells with live cell confocal imaging, timed premature anaphase, and automated counting of kinetochores after cell division. We find that errors decrease exponentially over time during spindle assembly. A coarse-grained model, in which errors are corrected in a chromosome-autonomous manner at a constant rate, can quantitatively explain both the measured error correction dynamics and the distribution of anaphase onset times. We further validated our model using perturbations that destabilized microtubules and changed the initial configuration of chromosomal attachments. Taken together, this work provides a quantitative framework for understanding the dynamics of mitotic error correction.
Studying the rotational dynamics of a meter stick using the Arduino board and 3D printed parts
Authors: Oliveira Vitor , Brazil Gustavo , Rodrigues Paulo , Almeida Pedro
Published: June 2024

We present a low-cost experimental apparatus designed for studying the rotational dynamics of a meter stick. This apparatus uses everyday laboratory supplies, 3D printed parts, and an Arduino board for data acquisition. It consists of a common bearing fixed to a vertical axle, connected to the meter stick through a 3D printed spindle adapter. A thread attached to a hanging weight and winded around the spindle applies a constant external torque to the stick. The moment of inertia of the apparatus may be changed by incorporating weights into the apparatus through 3D printed adapters. An Arduino board records the time interval between consecutive half turns of the stick, allowing the calculation of the angular displacement over time. The data collected from experiments is compared with theoretical models. Among others, the effect of the applied torque, air resistance and moment of inertia of the stick is studied. This experimental apparatus is particularly suitable for undergraduate students enrolled in a classical mechanics course, offering them a practical, hand-on experience while remaining cost-effective.
MIM waveguide refractive index sensor with graphene enhanced three-ring nested resonator Fano resonance
Authors: Qi Yunping , Wu Qilong , Su Mingrui , Li Hao , Wang Xiangxian
Published: June 2024

In this paper, a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide featuring a three-ring nested cavity structure is proposed. We enhance and optimize this design by integrating graphene nanostructures into the ferrule resonance cavity, resulting in a hybrid graphene-MIM waveguide structure. The transmission spectra and electric fields generated by the structure are analyzed by using the finite element method (FEM), shedding light on the formation mechanism of various Fano resonance peaks. The validity of our theoretical analysis is confirmed using multimode interference coupled mode theory (MICMT), and the simulation results are largely aligning with the theoretical verification results. Next, by manipulating the chemical potential of graphene, the Fano resonance can be tuned across a wide range of wavelength bands. And this capability enables the realization of a dynamically tunable refractive index sensor for transmission spectroscopy. Under optimized parameter settings, the refractive index sensor achieves a maximum sensitivity of

1266.67

nm
/
RIU
,

and a maximum figure of merit (FOM) value of

199.67

RIU

−
1

.

Compared with conventional MIM waveguide devices, this design overcomes the difficulty of conventional MIM waveguide structures that cannot be dynamically tunable. Notably, the wavelength of the Fano resonance formed by the transmission spectrum can be dramatically altered when the refractive index of the medium in the surrounding environment is slightly changed. Therefore, this structure expands the repertoire of integrated optical devices with potential applications, particularly in the field of optical sensors.
Feature engineering mediated machine learning prediction of high-frequency property of soft magnetic thin films
Authors: Mehmood Nasir , Wang Jianbo , Liu Qingfang
Published: June 2024

High-frequency applications including magnetic write heads, inductors, transformers and sensors etc, demand thin films with tremendous soft magnetic properties. In this regard, the resonance frequency of the soft magnetic thin films is of crucial importance which has a direct relation with material properties. Meanwhile, machine learning (ML) has recently evolved as an efficient tool for material designing tasks including material-property relationship. For an ML algorithm to efficiently perform such tasks, feature engineering is implemented, in which a set of descriptors is designed that can best represent the data. Here, we employ the ML technique, combined with data augmentation and feature engineering, for the estimation of the resonance frequency (f
r) value of thin films for high-frequency applications from different sets of theoretical and experimental features. Among the selected experimental features, when anisotropy field is combined with saturation magnetization, the ML model’s performance is improved, which is in line with the Kittel’s expression for f
r estimation. Finally, it is shown that the data augmentation can improve the training score, and reduce the mean squared error as well as bias of the models. The outcomes of this work are of key importance in paving the way for ML implementation in material-property analysis and time and cost-effective high-frequency device designing.
Recess-free enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN RF HEMTs on Si substrate
Authors: Luan Tiantian , Huang Sen , Jing Guanjun , Fan Jie , Yin Haibo , Gao Xinguo , Zhang Sheng , Wei Ke , Li Yankui , Jiang Qimeng , Wang Xinhua , Hou Bin , Yang Ling , Ma Xiaohua , Liu Xinyu
Published: June 2024

Enhancement-mode (E-mode) GaN-on-Si radio-frequency (RF) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) were fabricated on an ultrathin-barrier (UTB) AlGaN (<6 nm)/GaN heterostructure featuring a naturally depleted 2-D electron gas (2DEG) channel. The fabricated E-mode HEMTs exhibit a relatively high threshold voltage (V
TH) of +1.1 V with good uniformity. A maximum current/power gain cut-off frequency (f
T/f
MAX) of 31.3/99.6 GHz with a power added efficiency (PAE) of 52.47% and an output power density (P
out) of 1.0 W/mm at 3.5 GHz were achieved on the fabricated E-mode HEMTs with 1-µm gate and Au-free ohmic contact.