bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradation of a mechanically recycled polylactide/halloysite nanocomposite in an ethanolic food simulant
Authors: Beltrán Freddys R. , Arrieta Marina P. , Hortal Yaiza , Gaspar Gerald , De la Orden Mª Ulagares , Martínez Urreaga Joaquín
Published: July 2021

This work aims to study the effect of immersion in a ethanolic food simulant in mechanically recycled poly(lactic acid) (PLAR) and its nanocomposites reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNT). PLAR was obtained by subjecting PLA to an accelerated ageing process, which includes photochemical, thermal and hydrothermal ageing steps, followed by a final demanding washing step. PLAR was further reinforced with 4 %wt. HNT to improve the properties of the PLAR films. The materials were melt compounded by melt extrusion and processed into films by compression molding. The resulting films were exposed to food simulant D1 (50 %vol. ethanol solution) for 10 days at 40 °C. The intrinsic viscosity, crystallization behavior, thermal stability as well as the mechanical performance were analyzed before and after the contact with the food simulant. The swelling, plasticizing and hydrolyzing effect of the food simulant led to an important decrease of the intrinsic viscosity of all the samples, along with a significant increase of the crystallinity. Thermal stability was negatively affected by the decrease of the molecular weight, while the high crystallinity values resulted in materials with higher Vickers hardness values after the immersion in the food simulant.
Manufacturing and compatibilization of binary blends of polyethylene and poly(bulylene succinate) by injection molding
Authors: Rojas-Lema Sandra , Ivorra-Martinez Juan , Gomez-Caturla Jaume , Balart Rafael , Garcia-Garcia Daniel
Published: July 2021

In this study was analyzed the effect of three different compatibilizers polyethylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), unmodified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), and HNTs treated by silanization with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GLYMO) (silanized HNTs) in blends of bio-based high-density polyethylene (bioPE) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) with a weight ratio of (70/30). Each compatibilizer was added in a proportion of (3 phr regarding PBS). Standard samples were obtained by extrusion and subsequent injection molding. The analyzes of the samples were performed by mechanical tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and wettability (θw). Results suggest that the addition of modified HNTs (silanized HNTs) allowed to obtain better properties than samples compatibilized with unmodified HNTs and PE-g-MA, due to it contributes with the improvement in mechanical properties regarding bioPE/PBS blend, for instance, the tensile modulus and elongation at break increase about 8% and 13%, respectively. In addition, it was determined through FESEM images and that silanized HNTs particles were better dispersed over the matrix, which in fact contribute to the enhance in mechanical properties. TGA showed that silanized HNTs delay the degradation temperature regarding the uncompatibilized blend. While DMTA indicated the reduction in the mobility of the chains in samples with unmodified and modified HNTs. Therefore, it was successfully obtained compatibilized bioPE/PBS blends, which constitutes an interesting option to develop new sustainable polymers.
Trabalho e gênero nas indústrias automotivas do Sul Fluminense
Authors: Paes Letícia de França , Gonçalves Ana Paula Vasconcelos , Ferreira Vitor Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as relações de gênero nas fábricas automotivas do Sul Fluminense/RJ, através da análise exploratória dos dados da Relação Anual das Informações Sociais- RAIS.  Desde 1996, com a chegada da Volkswagen no município de Resende, o governo do estado passou a implementar medidas visando a atração de outras indústrias, em especial montadoras de veículos. Ao longo dos anos seguintes, os municípios localizados no Sul Fluminense se converteram em um novo polo automotivo, ocupado por uma diversidade de empresas que dinamizaram a economia local e geraram um grande volume de empregos. Com dados compreendidos entre os anos de 2007 e 2017, o trabalho buscou verificar de que maneira esse desenvolvimento se deu no tocante às disparidades retratadas na literatura sobre gênero e trabalho na indústria brasileira.
Ecce Romani: Ensaio bibliográfico quanto a obras recentes sobre o pensamento político romano.
Authors: Kapust Daniel J. , Aguiar Márlio , Losso Tiago Bahia
Published: July 2021

Nos últimos anos, teóricos políticos, classicistas e filósofos publicaram monografias, artigos, editaram volumes e lançaram traduções do pensamento político romano, parte do fenômeno identificado recentemente como uma “virada romana”. Por meio da análise de três estudos recentes (HAMMER, 2014; CONNOLLY, 2015; BLITS, 2014), este artigo busca compreender o que os livros em análise oferecem aos teóricos políticos e que direções os estudos do pensamento romano podem tomar no futuro.
Tradição e interpretação: taxonomias do republicanismo
Authors: Silva Ricardo , Laureano Roger
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar alguns dos principais modelos de interpretação histórica da tradição republicana. Partindo de um conceito heurístico de tradição que busca compreender como as ideias se transmitem e se modificam de geração para geração, focamos nossa análise em três critérios distintos utilizados para interpretar o republicanismo: 1) o critério histórico-genético, centrado principalmente nas origens da tradição e nos valores decorrentes desse caráter fundacional; 2) o nacional, que busca enfatizar os dilemas e os contextos distintos do republicanismo em cada nação; 3) e o socioconflitual, cujo foco se concentra na dimensão sociológica da tradição, dividindo o republicanismo em dois eixos principais, o aristocrático e o democrático.
Evaluation of Urinary Oxidative stress Marker and presence of microalbuminuria in patients with Covid-19 disease as a measure of kidney involvement
Authors:   Al-Nahrain University, College of Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry., Frayh Sadq A. , Abdulateef Albayati Dr.Mohammed ,   Al-Nahrain University, College of Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry., S.Jamil Dr. Nawar ,   Al-kindy Teaching Hospital.
Published: July 2021

subject: COVID19 virus, as of those being pandemic, infected millions of humans dead and because of the unknown impact of the pandemic on the population .in Wuhan is a new coronavirus discovered in China in December 2019. By WHO, it is predicted that, by March 11, 2020, the disease pandemic will have spread throughout the world. Must patient was found elevated D- Dimer, oxidative stress reactive oxygen species (ROS), and fasting blood sugar. Besides, increase blood urea and end with dialysis. the objective of the study: To better understand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by finding possible predictors for kidney damage by a correlation between microalbuminuria and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR)with oxidative stress marker 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha in urine Material and method:- group I; consist 80 participants (male &female ) hospitalization with covid 19 severe and non sever (confirmed by polymerase chain reaction) COVID-19 patients showed a significant elevation in the levels of albuminuria and oxidative stress marker, we concluded a proportional correlation between the aforementioned parameters and COVID-19 suggesting the uses of these tests to the diagnosis early kidney damage. -group II: consist of 80 participants (male &female ) recovering from coronavirus as a control Results: This study showed a high correlation between Albuminurea and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) with oxidative stress marker8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha in non-severe and severe in patients with COVID-19. Also, the study showed a high correlation between D-dimer and disease progression and severity in patients with COVI19. Conclusion: There is a correlation between Albuminurea and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) with oxidative stress marker8-iso -prostaglandin F2alpha in non-severe and severe in patients with COVID-19 during Progression Keywords: COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), ACR oxidative stress, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha lipid peroxidation, and albuminuria.
International Higher Education Students and Educators Psychological Experiences of Covid-19 in an Emerging Country
Authors: Ntinda Kayi , Ngozwana Nomazulu
Published: July 2021

The Coronavirus pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) is hastily spreading, bringing pressure and challenges to international students and educators in a higher education institution who were locked down on campus during the COVID-19 outbreak. We sought to explore psychological experiences of international higher education students and educators during the COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini. A qualitative phenomenological approach was adopted. Participants were 20 conveniently selected international higher education students and educators who were locked down on Campus from March 20 to September 25, 2020. The interviews were conducted face to face. Data were thematically analysed. The study was informed by the ecological systems theory. The psychological experiences of international higher education students and educators during COVID-19 pandemic were categorized in to four themes. Frist negative emotions present in early stages involving discomfort, anxiety and helplessness caused by isolation, fear and concern for safety. Second self-coping strategies included psychological and life adjustments, social distancing, acceptance of wearing of masks, hand sanitizing and online/blended learning. Third we reported growth under the crisis which included affection for family members, peers and self-reflection. Finally, we reported that positive emotions occurred concurrently with negative emotions. During the COVID-19 crisis positive and negative emotions of international higher education students and educators intertwined and co-occurred. Self-coping strategies and psychological growth played a crucial role in maintaining mental health of the students and educators. The international students and educators in a higher education institution appeared to be thriving in coping with the COVID19 crisis and lockdown situation which enhanced their participation in online/blended learning.
An Automated Stable Personalised Partner Selection for Collaborative Privacy Education
Authors: Girard Evans , Yusri Rita , Abusitta Adel , Aïmeur Esma
Published: July 2021

E-learning platforms have never been as in-demand as they are now since the recent pandemic making privacy education more important than ever. However, for the most part, these platforms are single-user learning environments and lack student-student interactions. To overcome this deficiency, we propose a collaborative e-learning platform for privacy education that matches students in a stable and automatic manner according to students’ preferences. Each student is represented by a vector profile that is created from behavioural skills and academic knowledge obtained from the platform. Once the preferences are determined, the residents-hospitals matching algorithm is applied to select students who will collaborate with one another. Experimental results show that the proposed model offers an effective way to create stable, thus satisfied, coalitions of students from two groups of arbitrary sizes. In addition, the automation allows students to skip the tedious process of manually selecting partners. Therefore, saving their time to collaborate on privacy education with their teammates helping them to increase their privacy awareness.
Effect of Operating Conditions on the Ceramic Particles Drying Process by Superheated Steam in the Packed Bed Dryer
Authors: Tran Thi Thu Hang , Le Kieu Hiep , Tran Thi Thu Huong
Published: July 2021

A novel model of ceramic particle drying by superheated steam in the packed bed dryer is applied to examine the effects of operating conditions on the drying process. It is shown that the drying kinetic has two drying stages: the evaporation flux firstly increases to the maximum value while particle temperature is remained as saturation temperature, then the evaporation flux decreases to the zero, and particle temperature rises to the equilibrium temperature. Results also illustrate that the drying process is faster at the thinner bed layer, smaller particle diameter, and higher initial vapor velocity and temperature.
Utilization of shrimp waste for the recovery of valuable bioactive compounds
Authors:   , Dlamini Nosihle
Published: July 2021

Shrimp waste is a major by-product of crustacean processing and represents an interesting source of bioactive molecules. In addition, its use increases the sustainability of processing fishery products. The present study reports a process developed for recovering bioactive molecules from shrimp waste through the use of chemical methods. The samples of shrimp were confirmed to be from the species Haliporoides triarthrus. The recovery of chitin was 30% of the processing waste and 30-60% chitosan (CH) from chitin. CH was characterized by FTIR analysis and exhibited a degree of deacetylation (DDA) of 72%. From the demineralization extract, CaCO3 was extracted and confirmed by FTIR. Based on a kinetic study of acid hydrolysis, it was demonstrated that chitin can be quantitatively hydrolysed into glucosamine (GlN), N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) and their respective oligomers with 32% hydrochloric acid at 60oC and qualitatively from CH with 32% hydrochloric acid at 80oC. The oligomer mixed fractions were desalted by activated charcoal extraction and the components of each fraction were analysed by TLC and HPLC. Chitooligosaccharides (COS) and N-acetly chitooligosaccharides (NAcCOS) with degrees of polymerization (DP) ranging from 2 to 6 were obtained from CH and chitin, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of chitosan, COS and NAcCOS were investigated against five gram-negative bacteria and five gram-positive bacteria. Chitosan exhibited stronger bacteriostatic effects against gram- positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria in the presence of 1% chitosan. The oligomers showed no bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects on all tested bacteria. A total 30.74± 0.078 µg.g-1 astaxanthin was extracted with 90% acetone from the species; Haliporoides triarthrus and TLC analysis indicated that the species contained both astaxanthin and its esters. Chitosan films were obtained by solution casting of blends of chitosan with glycerol, polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG-200) and polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG-600) as plasticizers. Films were characterized by FTIR, XRD diffraction, TGA, and SEM analysis. The tensile strength and elongation at break properties of the films were also evaluated. CH films and CH/GLY blended films were translucent in appearance and the CH/PEG 200 and CH/PEG 600 films were opaque. The CH films yielded mechanically resistant films without the use of a plasticizer. These data point to the feasibility of an integrated process for isolating highly bioactive molecules, such as oligosaccharides, with a broad spectrum of applications from shrimp processing waste.
Experiencias del cuidador familiar ante el duelo con la atención de una enfermera con rol ampliado.
Authors: Ramírez Cortés Dafne , Reyes Audiffred Virginia
Published: July 2021

Introducción: El envejecimiento viene acompañado de una propensión a enfermedades crónicas, como la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) La EA es el tipo más frecuente de demencia, con la cual se viven pérdidas en el adulto mayor (AM) y su cuidador familiar (CF)
Objetivo: Explorar las experiencias del cuidador familiar ante el duelo con la atención recibida de una enfermera en ejercicio del rol ampliado.
Metodología: Investigación tipo cualitativo fenomenológico, diseño exploratorio, selección a conveniencia de un cuidador familiar de un adulto mayor con EA y una Enfermera con Rol Ampliado (ERA) especialista del AM. Se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad, notas de campo y observación. El análisis de los datos se realizó según S. Minayo, por medio de un análisis de contenido.
Resultados: Al analizar los discursos emergieron 3 categorías: “Inicio del trabajo del duelo”, “vinculo de amistad” y “conocimientos en tanatología”, las cuáles reflejan la experiencia de la cuidadora ante la pérdida del AM y la atención recibida de una ERA.
Limitaciones del estudio: Solo se contó con la participación de una enfermera con rol ampliado y un cuidador familiar de un AM con EA. Con la ERA no fue posible regresar para validar sus respuestas en la entrevista debido a la contingencia sanitaria por SARS-CoV-2.
Originalidad o valor: Se consideran valiosos los resultados, ya que muestran algunas de las barreras institucionales y profesionales a las que se enfrentan las enfermeras ante el reto de ejercer como enfermeras con rol ampliado. 
Valor: Los resultados muestran algunas de las barreras institucionales y profesionales a las que se enfrentan las enfermeras ante el reto de ejercer como enfermeras con rol ampliado.  
Conclusiones: La familia, pero en especial la cuidadora familia de un AM con EA sufre una serie de pérdidas que deben ser atendidas por los profesionales de enfermería con rol ampliado como lo establece Marco Mexicano de Competencias de Enfermería con Rol Ampliado (MMCERA).
Palabras clave: Enfermera con rol ampliado, duelo, adulto mayor, Enfermedad de Alzheimer.
ACCOUNTING FOR THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE ECONOMY
Authors:   Academy of public administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan,  Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Sharipov A. , Kereeva А. ,   «Zhetysu University n.a. I. Zhansugurov» NP JSC, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan, Gussenov B. ,   «Zhetysu University n.a. I. Zhansugurov» NP JSC, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

The economic system is a complex social organism undergoing a constant process of metamorphosis. The conceptual framework of political economy captures the compo-nents of this system, its interaction with the socio-political superstructure, as well as its inherent contradictions. The article examines the laws of system development and their impact on econom-ic growth. It is revealed that the laws of development are the foundation on which the theoretical foundations of economic analysis are implemented and the assessment, diagnosis and forecasting of organizations' development is carried out. Accounting for the laws of system development al-lowed us to identify the main analytical tasks and indicators - the parameters of the organization that are affected by the laws considered. The main result of the economic reforms of independent Kazakhstan was the creation of a market-type economy and a system of effective state regulation that is adequate to the principles of market management. The process of economic reform is not complete: Kazakhstan's economic policy is gradually focusing on supporting its own most profit-able industries.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN TEMPORARY STORAGE WAREHOUSES (TSW)
Authors:   Almaty Academy of Economics and Statistics, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yerzhanov A.K. , Taigashinova K.T. ,   Almaty Academy of Economics and Statistics, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

The priority tasks for improving the system of accounting and information base, analytical service for making optimal operational management decisions in increasing the competitive advantages and profitability of temporary storage warehouses (TSW) services in the logistics system are identified. The authors note that for each warehouse that has its own purpose, there is a methodology for accounting for the cost of storing goods (except for the service of ser-vices) and a mechanism for calculating the total of services performed by each warehouse is nec-essary. Accounting and distribution of overhead costs in transport has its own characteristics. For many years of development of the management accounting methodology, a number of meth-ods for solving the problems of overhead distribution have been developed.
ACCOUNTING OF FREELANCE IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE PROSPECTS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   North Kazakhstan University named after M. Kozybayev, Abdreisova D.Zh. , Baytenizov D.T. ,   North Kazakhstan University named after M. Kozybayev, Amerhzanova D.A. ,   Ekibastuz Engineering and Technical Institute named after academician K.I. Satpayev Ekibastuz, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

Freelancing is a new area of work for people around the world, which has be-come widespread, but began to grow rapidly in Kazakhstan. However, there is a big drawback - this is the lack of well-established mechanisms of interaction between workers and employers in this area. Nevertheless, this factor did not affect the relevance of the field of freelance activities, on the contrary, it has a promising development as a factor of remote employment or additional earnings. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition, based on the logical method, in particular when formulating material, formulating conclusions, then the historical method, statistical method, system analysis method and others. We have identified the positive and negative aspects of the development of freelancing in the world and in Kazakhstan. In the course of the research, the authors came to the conclusion that freelancing is a promising direction in the field of employment and small business.
Molecular composition and volatility of multi-generation products formed from isoprene oxidation by nitrate radical
Authors: Wu Rongrong , Vereecken Luc , Tsiligiannis Epameinondas , Kang Sungah , Albrecht Sascha R. , Hantschke Luisa , Zhao Defeng , Novelli Anna , Fuchs Hendrik , Tillmann Ralf , Hohaus Thorsten , Carlsson Philip T. M. , Shenolikar Justin , Bernard François , Crowley John N. , Fry Juliane L. , Brownwood Bellamy , Thornton Joel A. , Brown Steven S. , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Wahner Andreas , Hallquist Mattias , Mentel Thomas F.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Isoprene oxidation by nitrate radical (NO3) is a potentially important
source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). It is suggested that the second
or later-generation products are the more substantial contributors to SOA.
However, there are few studies investigating the multi-generation chemistry
of isoprene-NO3 reaction, and information about the volatility of
different isoprene nitrates, which is essential to evaluate their potential
to form SOA and determine their atmospheric fate, is rare. In this work, we
studied the reaction between isoprene and NO3 in the SAPHIR chamber
(Jülich) under near-atmospheric conditions. Various oxidation products
were measured by a high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass
spectrometer using Br− as the reagent ion. Most of the products
detected are organic nitrates, and they are grouped into monomers (C4
and C5 products) and dimers (C10 products) with 1–3 nitrate
groups according to their chemical composition. Most of the observed
products match expected termination products observed in previous studies,
but some compounds such as monomers and dimers with three nitrogen atoms
were rarely reported in the literature as gas-phase products from isoprene
oxidation by NO3. Possible formation mechanisms for these compounds are
proposed. The multi-generation chemistry of isoprene and NO3 is
characterized by taking advantage of the time behavior of different
products. In addition, the vapor pressures of diverse isoprene nitrates are
calculated by different parametrization methods. An estimation of the vapor
pressure is also derived from their condensation behavior. According to our
results, isoprene monomers belong to intermediate-volatility or
semi-volatile organic compounds and thus have little effect on SOA
formation. In contrast, the dimers are expected to have low or extremely low
volatility, indicating that they are potentially substantial contributors to
SOA. However, the monomers constitute 80 % of the total explained signals
on average, while the dimers contribute less than 2 %, suggesting that the
contribution of isoprene NO3 oxidation to SOA by condensation should be
low under atmospheric conditions. We expect a SOA mass yield of about 5 %
from the wall-loss- and dilution-corrected mass concentrations, assuming that
all of the isoprene dimers in the low- or extremely low-volatility organic
compound (LVOC or ELVOC) range will condense completely.
Melt in the Greenland EastGRIP ice core reveals Holocene warming events
Authors: Westhoff Julien , Sinnl Giulia , Svensson Anders , Freitag Johannes , Kjær Helle Astrid , Vallelonga Paul , Vinther Bo , Kipfstuhl Sepp , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Weikusat Ilka
Published: July 2021

Abstract. We present a record of melt events obtained from the EastGRIP ice core, in central north eastern Greenland, covering the largest part of the Holocene. The data were acquired visually using an optical dark-field line scanner. We detect and describe bubble free layers and -lenses throughout the ice above the bubble-clathrate transition, located at 1100 m in the EastGRIP ice core, corresponding to an age of 9720 years b2k. We distinguish between melt layers (bubble free layers continuous over the width of the core), melt lenses (discontinuous), crusts (thin and sharp bubble free layers) and attribute three levels of confidence to each of these, depending on how clearly they are identified. Our record of melt events shows a large, distinct peak around 1014 years b2k (986 CE) and a broad peak around 7000 years b2k corresponding to the Holocene Climatic Optimum. We analyze melt layer thicknesses and correct for ice thinning, we account for missing layers due to core breaks, and ignore layers thinner than 1.5 mm. We define the brittle zone in the EastGRIP ice core from 650 m to 950 m depth, where we count on average more than three core breaks per meter. In total we can identify approximately 831 mm of melt (corrected for thinning) over the past 10,000 years. We compare our melt layer record to the GISP2 and Renland melt layer records. Our climatic interpretation matches well with the Little Ice Age, the Medieval and Roman Warm Periods, the Holocene Climatic Optimum, and the 8.2 kyr event. We also compare the most recent 2500 years to a tree ring composite and find an overlap between melt events and tree ring anomalies indicating warm summers. We open the discussion for sloping bubble free layers (tilt angle off horizontal > 10°) being the effect of rheology and not climate. We also discuss our melt layers in connection to a coffee experiment (coffee as a colored substitute for melt infiltration into the snow pack) and the real time observations of the 2012 CE rain event at NEEM. We find that the melt event from 986 CE is most likely a large rain event, similar to 2012 CE, and that these two events are unprecedented throughout the Holocene. Furthermore, we suggest that the warm summer of 986 CE, with the exceptional melt event, was the trigger for the first Viking voyages to sail from Iceland to Greenland.
Selective excitation enables encoding and measurement of multiple diffusion parameters in a single experiment
Authors: MacKinnon Neil , Alinaghian Mehrdad , Silva Pedro , Gloge Thomas , Luy Burkhard , Jouda Mazin , Korvink Jan G.
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Band selectivity to address specific resonances in a spectrum enables one to encode individual settings for diffusion experiments. In a single experiment, this could include different gradient strengths (enabling coverage of a larger range of diffusion constants), different diffusion delays, or different gradient directions (enabling anisotropic diffusion measurement). In this report a selective variant of the bipolar pulsed gradient, eddy-current delay (BPP-LED) experiment enabling selective encoding of three resonances was implemented. As proof-of-principle, the diffusion encoding gradient amplitude was assigned a range dependent on the selected signal, thereby allowing the extraction of the diffusion coefficient for water and a tripeptide (Met-Ala-Ser) with optimal settings in a single experiment.
Mihály Lieb or Mihály Munkácsy? Developing Cultural Identity in Hungary’s German National Minority Schools
Authors: Márkus Éva , Lo Bello Maya
Published: July 2021

In the Carpathian Basin, German-speaking peoples have lived alongside Hungarians for hundreds of years, resulting in many, shared points of cultural intermingling. (Although commonly referred to as svábok [‘Swabians’], this is not the correct term for Hungary’s German minorities since their origins differ from those of Swabians living in Germany today). After World War II, thousands of Hungarian Germans were deported to Germany. Those who remained could not use their native language and dialect in public. Today, young generations reconnect with their German roots in state-funded, national minority schools where, through the medium of Hochdeutsch, students are familiarized with their Hungarian German dialect, history and traditions in a subject called népismeret [‘folk education’]. This paper provides a brief overview of the current legal documents and rulings that determine the curriculum in Hungary’s national minority schools before detailing the topics studied in a Hungarian German folk education class. We contend that the overwhelming losses in cultural heritage that resulted from assimilation must be reversed in a process that simultaneously respects their unique, dual identity. To this end, we recommend adapting the curriculum of folk education to include an alternative, more inclusive perspective of famous, “Hungarian” individuals.
Hungarian Jewish Stories of Origin: Samuel Kohn, the Khazar Connection and the Conquest of Hungary
Authors: Réthelyi Mari
Published: July 2021

At the turn of the twentieth century, the Khazar ancestry of European Jewry was a popular idea that particularly resonated throughout the discourse surrounding Hungary’s national origin and belonging. One of this discourse’s critical questions concerned whether Magyars and Jews were divided or united by ethnicity or religion: this paper demonstrates how Samuel Kohn (1841-1920), an important rabbi-scholar of the time, participated in this discussion by arguing for a common origin of the two groups. Kohn asserted that the Khazar ancestry of Hungarian Jews comprises both an ethnic and a religious connection. He considered two complementary questions: whether Hungarians and Jews possessed common ethnic origins and thereby belonged to the same race, and whether Magyars converted to Judaism during the Khazar era, i.e., the belief that Hungarians and Jews shared a common religion in the past. The contemporary political atmosphere magnified the significance of Kohn’s contribution.
Translating Hungarian Drama for the British and the American Stage
Authors: Komporaly Jozefina
Published: July 2021

Reflecting on my experience of translating contemporary Hungarian theater into English, this paper examines the fluidity of dramatic texts in their original and in translation, and charts collaborations between playwrights, translators and theater-makers. Mindful of the responsibility when working from a “minor” to a “major” language, the paper signals the discrepancy between the indigenous and foreign ‘recognition circuit’ and observes that translations from lesser-known languages are predominantly marked by a supply-driven agenda. Through case studies from the work of Transylvanian-Hungarian playwright András Visky, the paper argues that considerations regarding such key tenets of live theater as “speakability” and “performability” have to be addressed in parallel with correspondences in meaning, rhythm and spirit.  The paper also points out that register and the status of certain lexical choices differ in various languages. Nuancing the trajectory of Visky’s plays in English translation, this paper makes a case for translations created with and for their originals, in full knowledge of the source and receiving cultures, and with a view to their potential in performance. The paper posits the need for multiple options encoded in the translation journey, including hypothetical concepts for future mise-en-scène, and situates the translator as a key participant in the performance making process.
Kardos, Klára. 2020. The Auschwitz Journal. A Catholic Story from the Camps. Trans. Fr. Julius D. Lelocky, O. Cist. Brewster: Paraclete Press [Auschwitz napló. Budapest: Szent Gellért Kiadó, 2001 http://www.ppek.hu/konyvek/Kardos_Klara_Auschwitzi_naplo_1.pdf ].
Authors: Vasvári Louise O.
Published: July 2021

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The travel writer in the 21st century
Authors: Hemley Robin
Published: July 2021

What is the nation from which we travel and what is the nation to which we travel? Who are the 21st century travelers and how will they record their travels? Some of them are as well-heeled as any traveler in the past, but some of them are refugees. With a shocking resurgence of nationalism the world over, are the citizens of the world, particularly the dispossessed, the responsibility of the traveler? What is the value of uncertainty and ambiguity for the travel writer of the 21st century?
Teaching Chinese-language creative writing in Hong Kong: three case studies
Authors: Shea James
Published: July 2021

With attention to the growing prominence of ‘cultural and creative industries’ and the rise of liberal arts education in Hong Kong, this paper presents three case studies of instructors who teach undergraduate Chinese-language creative writing in Hong Kong’s tertiary institutions. The article begins with a brief overview of Chinese-language creative writing programmes and posits three conceptual models of the writing workshop: a site of apprenticeship to foster self-expression, a setting for skills training, and a space for social critique. Given the limited research on Chinese-language creative writing in Hong Kong, the paper documents the experiences of three prominent instructors, Hon Lai-chu, Mary Wong Shuk-han, and Wong Leung-wo. The findings indicate that despite the heterogeneous nature of course goals, class sizes, target students, and instructors’ training and background, all three instructors envision the workshop as a site for mentoring self-expression. While they do not emphasise skills-based teaching, the instructors share an implicit commitment to social criticism in their pedagogy. The paper concludes with reflections on the use of defamiliarisation as a pedagogical practice that underscores this social critique.
A brief plea for East-West literary bridge-building
Authors: Vittachi Nury
Published: July 2021

Stories are not important: they are vital. Stories are how humans make sense of the world. Their creators are recognised, as they should be. People with high levels of skill in storytelling are top players in the creative industries, and literary novels are often considered to be the pinnacle of intellectual achievement, celebrated by annual awards. Yet the main international prizes exclude most of the world’s authors, as they use US and UK publishers as gatekeepers. Furthermore, the literary novel itself is arguably a predominantly Western format of long-form fiction. Some 60% of the world’s population lives in Asia and people are accustomed to different stories in other formats. Training courses around the world offer MFAs which teach students Western narrative structures based on ideas from Aristotle, and focus on psychological elements associated with European thinkers such as Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. Clearly, the differences between East and West in narrative structure and related factors would repay closer examination. Authors should be able to learn about stories with global rather than local appeal. This paper gives a brief overview of these issues and suggests avenues for further academic exploration.
La población en España, 2001-2012: crónica de una década prodigiosa. Análisis geoespacial.
Authors: González González María Jesús , Nieto Calmaestra José Antonio
Published: July 2021

El tamaño y las características de la población de un país son elementos fundamentales para una necesaria planificación económica y de infraestructuras. Así, si predomina la población en edad escolar serán necesarias unas infraestructuras muy diferentes a las demandadas por un ámbito altamente envejecido. La variación en la población de un país se debe a la acción combinada de dos tipos de movimientos, los naturales que son el balance entre nacimientos y defunciones (crecimiento vegetativo) y los migratorios, que equivalen al saldo entre emigrantes e inmigrantes, lo que deducido o añadido al crecimiento vegetativo nos permite conocer el crecimiento real de la población. Todos los elementos señalados antes serán el eje de este estudio que tiene como objetivo desarrollar una tipificación (mediante la técnica del cluster), combinando los diferentes comportamientos demográficos de las provincias españolas, para descubrir patrones territoriales comunes.
La Sección española de la Asociación Internacional para la Protección Legal de los Trabajadores. Sus publicaciones y su influencia.
Authors: Vallès Muñío Daniel
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se inicia con la creación y los objetivos de la Asociación Internacional para la Protección Legal de los Trabajadores (AIPLT) en el contexto de la primera globalización económica. Incluimos algunos datos biográficos de los miembros dirigentes de la sección española de la AIPLT, para situar dicha organización en el centro del reformismo español. El tema central del trabajo trata sobre la sección española de la AIPLT como una institución de intercambio de información jurídico-social entre las demás secciones nacionales y la central de Berna, para conseguir una cierta unificación normativa entre los países participantes en la AIPLT. Este intercambio informativo era de dos direcciones: se concretaba en la remisión de información desde la AIPLT sobre las novedades legislativas de los demás países con sección nacional, pero también por la información que remitía la sección española a sus asociados sobre las políticas sociales del país. A partir de diversos ejemplos de este intercambio informativo, constatamos que la información remitida por la sección española iba más allá de la simple recopilación legislativa e incluía aspectos sociales relevantes; por otro lado, a partir de dichos ejemplos, apuntamos la influencia que la información remitida desde la central de Berna pudo tener en el desarrollo del reformismo español
“La pregunta no es cómo producir igual o más riqueza, sino cómo apropiárnosla y convertirla en la verdadera riqueza de la igualdad y la libertad”. Entrevista con Kathi Weeks, autora de El problema del trabajo
Authors: Briales Álvaro
Published: July 2021

En esta entrevista conversamos con Kathi Weeks, autora de El problema del trabajo recientemente publicado en castellano. En su obra, Weeks pone en juego una caja de herramientas que recorre distintas tradiciones desde los feminismos a los marxismos, desde la teoría literaria a las perspectivas de las luchas políticas, útiles para una concepción crítica del trabajo actualizada para el siglo XXI. En la conversación, aborda temas como los efectos de la pandemia en la ética del trabajo, los sujetos y movimientos políticos que en el presente podrían encarnar el rechazo al trabajo, la potencia de las demandas de Renta Básica Universal y de reducción de la jornada laboral, las paradojas y debates sobre el desarrollo tecnológico y la automatización, y la crítica de lo que denomina el sistema de el-trabajo-y-la-familia.
PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE YANENKO METHOD FOR SOLVING THE HEAT EQUATION
Authors: Semyatova A. N. , Kenzhebek E. G.
Published: July 2021

In this article, we will consider the parallel implementation of the Yanenko algorithm for the two-dimensional heat equation, and the sweep method was used to numerically solve  the heat equation. The implementation of the sequential  program is carried out simply in two-part steps by the longitudinal-transverse run, however, parallelization of two fractional  steps with an indefinite scheme is difficult due to the creation of inter-process communication of data. In the course of the study, a parallel data distribution with one-dimensional decompositions is shown in the application of the Yanenko method for calculating heat conductivity. The results of parallelization of this task using the 1D decomposition were obtained and acceleration and efficiency images were analyzed in order to evaluate the parallel program. Currently, modeling of processes by numerical solution of differential equations is widely used in every field of Science, the most common methods bring the differential problem to a system of linear algebraic equations, methods that solve such systems include various startup options. The emergence and development of computing systems using Multi-Core processors and graphics accelerators make the problem of startup parallelization relevant; the results of the study are used for teaching in research institutes and universities.
MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES AS A TOOL IN EFL TEACHING
Authors: Bimasheva G. S. , Iskakova Sh. G. , Shibintayeva A. A.
Published: July 2021

Even the groundswell of interest in mobile applications has not so far contributed to their integration into educational programs as an EFL learning tool. The purpose of the present review is to identify the current state and prospects for the use of mobile technologies in EFL teaching. The methodological basis of this research is a theoretical analysis of the literature data on the research topic. The evaluation of contemporary empirical studies conducted in Australia, China, Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Cyprus, Japan, Malaysia, Spain, Taiwan and other countries, has led to a conclusion that the implementation of mobile technology in EFL teaching gives predominantly positive results due to several merits of mobile devices relative to standard pedagogical tools. It was however underlined that researchers have yet to learn how to conduct methodologically sound, statistically relevant studies that would cover aspects of learning activities beyond the use of mobile technology. The authors conclude that when studying applications, researchers should not try to find a mobile application that can teach students everything they need, but should study the ways in which individual applications help to master a foreign language.
THE SPECIFICS OF THE KAZAKH WOMEN’S TRADITIONAL COSTUME IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ DESIGN THINKING
Authors: Aldanayeva Т. М. , Mikhailova N. А.
Published: July 2021

The concept of the study is determined by the understanding of the structure of the Kazakh traditional women's costume as a multifunctional socio-cultural phenomenon. The national costume, which is a system of socially significant deeply symbolic signs, is considered in this article as a model of competent design, which contributes to the improvement of design thinking and professional competencies of students-designers in the process of studying the discipline “Ethno-design”. Special attention is paid to the potential of traditional costume in the process of developing the research skills necessary for future specialists to correctly read the original source and design on its basis popular and competitive author's collections that combine tradition and innovation, and scientific projects for the preservation, modernization and popularization of folk values. In addition, the experience of national design is studied in order to understand the ability of the costume complex to reflect and shape the worldview, material and spiritual culture of the people. The information hidden in its compositional and constructive solution is valuable for modern design activities, which, in turn, have a great influence on the ideology of society and, therefore, should be aware of the high responsibility for generating new ideas and transforming the world, based on universal values.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING CRITERIAL ASSESSMENT IN THE PRACTICE OF A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THE ASPECT OF TEACHING MATH
Authors: Shmigirilova I. B. , Rvanova A. S. , Tadzhigitov A. A.
Published: July 2021

The study presented in the article analyzes and summarizes world experience on the problem of implementing criteria-based assessment in education; the system of risks of using criteria-based assessment in educational practice is revealed; the analysis of methodological recommendations and teaching aids used by teachers of Kazakhstan in organizing the assessment of educational results of schoolchildren was carried out; a focus group survey was conducted to identify problematic aspects of educational assessment in teaching mathematics to schoolchildren. On the basis of the study, we have to state that despite the broad potential benefits of assessment based on criteria, problematic aspects of the ill-considered use of such assessment in educational practice inevitably arise, the study of which is not given sufficient attention by Kazakhstani scientists and teachers. The effectiveness of the use of criteria-based assessment in educational practice depends on many factors: the unambiguity and clarity of the assessment criteria, their unified interpretation by evaluators; the conformity of methods, tools and evaluation materials to the subject area; the level of competence of teachers as evaluators. The introduction of a new assessment system should be associated with constant work on the creation and improvement of assessment tools and procedures, with the study of the most effective practices of criteria-based assessment, their adaptation to the realities of the Kazakhstani education system.
The Role of Working Memory in Attentional Allocation and Grammatical Development under Textually-enhanced, Unenhanced and No Captioning Conditions
Authors: Lee Minjin , Révész Andrea
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the extent to which individual differences in working memory (WM) mediate the effects of captions with or without textual enhancement on attentional allocation and L2 grammatical development, and whether L2 development is influenced by WM memory in the absence of captions. We employed a pretest-posttest-delayed posttest design, with 72 Korean learners of English randomly assigned to three groups. The groups differed as to whether they were exposed to news clips without captions, with textually-enhanced captions, or with unenhanced captions during the treatment. We measured attentional allocation with eye-tracking methodology, and assessed development with an oral production, a written production and a fill-in-the-blank test. To assess various aspects of WM, we employed measures of phonological and visual short-term memory (PSTM, VSTM) and the executive functions of updating, task-switching, and inhibitory control. We found that, in both captions groups, higher PSTM was associated with higher oral production gains. For the enhanced captions group, PSTM was also positively related to gains on the written production test. Participants in the no-captions group, however, showed a positive link between VSTM and oral production gains. Attentional location only correlated positively with updating ability and PSTM under the enhanced captions condition. These results, overall, indicate that WM can moderate the effects of captions on attention and L2 development, and various WM components may play a differential role under various captioning conditions.