bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Romanian-Russian Relations and the New Linguistic Hegemony: Towards Natural and Necessary Synergies
Authors: Mădălina Iancu Miruna
Published: June 2018

It is certainly and without fail that through a simple hovering over the present state of relations between Romania and the Russian Federation, the factual balance is not an encouraging one, the state of mind of the bilateral register being continuously dominated by the same issue: ,,history is a ballast, and the frame in which the two states perceive each other has been fixed a long time ago, clogged and jammed by momentarily political statements, and deprived of any heuristic nuances” (Dungaciu, Tănăsescu, 2013). Therefore and within such optics, based on an undeniable belief that a heuristic approach of the bilateral dimension is an imperative, the present paper aims to provide a first concrete solution likely to create the critical mass necessary to achieve a complex regeneration process of normalizing Romania's relations with its neighbor to the East. Circumscribed to such a sphere of interest, the present paper assumes the fact that beyond the overwhelming historical legacy related to the bilateral register and implicitly, beyond its problematic receipt, the complex process of normalizing the relations between Romanian and the Russian Federation is unavoidably obstructed by an entire arsenal of terms such as ,, reset”, ,,thaw”, ,,recovery”, ,,blocking”, terms which maintain and support a certain negative perception, thus certifying the fact that it prevails a ,,freeze”, a ,,cooling” and an impediment in the bilateral dimension. Starting from this undeniable and undoubted reality, the axial objective of the present paper is to fundamentally reverse this lexical hegemony, thus operating substantive changes at the level of the linguistic universe specific to the bilateral register, in such a manner as to register a major change in regards to the behavioral pattern afferent to the bilateral reports.
Corporate and country image: a bilateral relationship
Authors: Ana Maria-Irina , Andrei Anca-Georgiana
Published: June 2018

Analyzing this important relationship between corporate image on one side, and country image on the other side is an interesting and actual topic in the context of the increasing level of globalization. Although the subject was approached by place branding scholars and practitioners, there is still a high need for theoretical and empirical research. This documentary article focuses more on the concept of transfer of image, from corporation to country and from country to corporation, but seen from a new perspective, as a Blue Ocean Strategy. The paper will also show the importance of this relation that exists between corporate and country from the image perspective, by given concrete examples withdrawn from relevant literature. At the same time, based on a documentary study, key aspects will be analyzed in order to show the positive aspects generated by the relationship between corporation image and country image. In conclusions, it will be presented how this connection between corporate and country can be one of the best answers to globalization and how the positive transfer of image can be implemented as a Blue Ocean Strategy. The aim of this study is to convince scholars and practitioners to research more on this new topic, because a proactive approach in this field can help increasing tourism and encourage investment and exports.
Multidisciplinarity in economics education and how it can shape economic thinking in the future
Authors: Damoc Adrian – Ioan
Published: June 2018

During the period known as the economic and global financial crisis, economic forecasting came under heavy criticism for its inability to predict the crisis, to the point where said crisis was deemed not just a crisis of the global economy, but of economic thinking as well, in particular mainstream, neoclassical economics. The critique of economics has focused primarily on the following aspects: its unrealistic assumptions regarding markets and human behaviours; its poor track record in predicting phenomena such as the crisis itself; its over-reliance on models that bear little resemblance to real world conditions, and also that it has a very narrow focus, reluctant to integrate useful inputs from other fields, which is perceived as leading to stagnation and hindering progress in the field. Following the crisis, several academic debates occurred within the field of economics, with several heterodox schools of economic thought receiving renewed attention, while universities have begun to expand the range of disciplines included in their business programmes, gravitating towards a multidisciplinary approach. The present paper aims to examine the concept of multidisciplinarity with a focus on its role in business education today and to assess the extent to which its spread and prevalence can usher in a new paradigm in economic thinking.
Development of an instructional practices scale for business school curricula
Authors: Glaser-Segura Daniel , Wilson Jennifer , Mudge Suzanne
Published: June 2018

As reflective educators, we seek to use instructional practices offering the greatest benefit to our students. Such benefits are easily seen and understood by the professor, but less often are clearly recognized by the students. To fully evaluate the impact of various activities on students, it is essential to explore the pedagogical practices they engage in, both within, and outside of the classroom. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure the variety of instructional activities used int eh business curricula. The instrument that will be described in this session contains thirteen scales drawn from a total of 58 developed items. The survey gathered responses from 189 business students from four US-based universities: two state-supported (public) and two private. Based on Varimax factor analysis rotation, the scales were left intact. All 58 items aligned on the thirteen scales as predicted. Using Cronbach's Alpha, the reliability of the thirteen scales was supported: all Alpha’s measured above .83. The focus of this study is to validate the instructional groupings. The instrument will also serve to measure the delivery of classroom and institutional-guided learning practices for sound instructional practice.
Romania, Slovakia and Hungary: evolution of mutual funds in recent years
Authors: Nicolescu Luminiţa , Tudorache Florentin Gabriel
Published: June 2018

Mutual funds and their evolution represent an expression of the performances of capital markets in the majority of states. The inflows and the outflows in mutual funds are used to evaluate the achievements obtained in capital markets all over the world. At the same time, both individual and organizational investors guide their acquisition decisions on information about past accomplishments of the various mutual funds and invest in funds that registered good and very good performances in the past, while trying to give up less performing funds. However, the decision is usually asymmetrical, as investors rather take into consideration the very good past performances of mutual funds and prefer to invest in those, while the pace of giving up to less performing funds is not accordingly prominent. Investors’ behaviour can differ from one country to another and the behaviour of those originating from developed countries and more mature capital markets have been studied to a higher extent internationally, while developing capital markets have been less studied so far. The present paper looks at capital markets from the perspective of mutual funds in three (rather) emerging capital markets located in Central and Eastern Europe, namely: Romania, Slovakia and Hungary. The inflows and outflows in mutual funds are analyzed for the 2007-2014 period and based on that, the investors’ behaviour in the three countries is looked at. The analysis has both a dynamic and a comparative character with the purpose to identify similarities and differences between the three analyzed countries, as well as to identify how they compare with more mature financial and capital markets. The analysis also tries to distinguish specific features of both evolution of mutual funds and investors’ behaviour, in a period that comprised two different stages of the economic cycle: financial crisis and the debut of the economic recovery period.
Perceptions of educational counselling for teachers on personal and professional matters: The case of Arab teachers in Israel
Authors: Abu Asbah Khaled , Da'as Rima'a
Published: June 2018

Objective

The research investigated the perceptions of school teachers in an Arab high school in Israel towards the educational counsellor, noting the extent to which they consult educational counsellors on professional and personal matters.

Method

Sixty teachers participated in the research, divided equally between males and females. Quantitative methodology was employed, using a specially constructed questionnaire.

Results

The main findings indicated that Arab teachers consult the educational counsellors more for professional than for personal matters. Further, there are no differences between female and male teachers consulting counsellors on professional and personal issues.
Effects of the Substituents of Boron Atoms on Conjugated Polymers Containing B←N Units
Authors: Wang Tao , Dou Chuandong , Liu Jun , Wang Lixiang
Published: June 2018

Organoboron chemistry is a new tool to tune the electronic structures and properties of conjugated polymers, which are important for applications in organic optoelectronic devices. To investigate the effects of substituents of boron atoms on conjugated polymers, we synthesized three conjugated polymers based on double B←N‐bridged bipyridine (BNBP) with various substituents on the boron atoms. By changing the substituents from four phenyl groups and two phenyl groups/two fluorine atoms to four fluorine atoms, the BNBP‐based polymers show blue‐shifted absorption spectra, decreased LUMO/HOMO energy levels, and enhanced electron affinities, as well as increased electron mobilities. Moreover, these BNBP‐based polymers can be used as electron acceptors for all‐polymer solar cells. These results demonstrate that substituents of boron atoms can effectively modulate the electronic properties and applications of conjugated polymers.
Combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry approaches to the study of monoterpene glycosides (aroma precursors) in wine grape
Authors: Flamini Riccardo , Menicatti Marta , De Rosso Mirko , Gardiman Massimo , Mayr Christine , Pallecchi Marco , Danza Giovanna , Bartolucci Gianluca
Published: June 2018

Monoterpene‐glycosides are important aroma precursors that, undergo hydrolysis, confer intense floral notes to the wines. Therefore, the knowledge of the nature of the sugar residues and the structure of these molecules is of great interest. In present study, liquid chromatography (LC) separation coupled with different mass spectrometry (MS) experiments for the characterization of these compounds were explored. The LC parameters were tuned to optimize the resolution between the analytes present in grape sample extracts. Twenty principal peaks with a relative abundance >1% were selected and divided in 4 classes characterized by different molecular weight. In general, positive ionization of the studied compounds displayed the [M + NH4]+ ion as base peak. On the contrary, a distribution between [M + Cl]− and [M + HCOO]− species was observed in negative ion mode. However, a clear differentiation between the studied compounds was only possible by combining both LC and tandem MS (MS/MS). Indeed, by applying a series of energy resolved MS/MS experiments and monitoring both positive and negative ions, a structural characterization of the analytes was achieved. The proposed LC‐MS/MS approach provided the profile of monoterpenol‐diglycosides and allowed the identification of a series of isobaric terpene‐diglycosides in grape. The study of their MS/MS spectra indicated the structure of geranic and/or nerolic acid aglycones. To verify the interest of studied compounds, a preliminary evaluation of the intensity of signals of these glycosides were carried out. The obtained results showed a significant difference between the grape samples collected in two different vintages.
A Closer Look at Turbulent Transport in Gravel Streambeds
Authors: Stanley Sarah
Published: June 2018

Lab-built streams reveal new insights into turbulence-driven exchange of dissolved substances between stream water and sediments below.
Polymer with a 3D conductive network: a thickness-insensitive electron transport layer for inverted polymer solar cells
Authors: Zhang Zhiquan , Zhang Zheling , Zhao Bin , Huang Youhuan , Xiong Jian , Cai Ping , Xue Xiaogang , Zhang Jian , Tan Songting
Published: June 2018

A low-cost polymer PEIE–DIO without any conjugated units has been prepared as a thickness-insensitive ETL for inverted polymer solar cells.
Recent applications of deep learning and machine intelligence on in silico drug discovery: methods, tools and databases
Authors: Rifaioglu Ahmet Sureyya , Atas Heval , Martin Maria Jesus , Cetin-Atalay Rengul , Atalay Volkan , Doğan Tunca
Published: June 2018

The identification of interactions between drugs/compounds and their targets is crucial for the development of new drugs. In vitro screening experiments (i.e. bioassays) are frequently used for this purpose; however, experimental approaches are insufficient to explore novel drug-target interactions, mainly because of feasibility problems, as they are labour intensive, costly and time consuming. A computational field known as ‘virtual screening’ (VS) has emerged in the past decades to aid experimental drug discovery studies by statistically estimating unknown bio-interactions between compounds and biological targets. These methods use the physico-chemical and structural properties of compounds and/or target proteins along with the experimentally verified bio-interaction information to generate predictive models. Lately, sophisticated machine learning techniques are applied in VS to elevate the predictive performance.

The objective of this study is to examine and discuss the recent applications of machine learning techniques in VS, including deep learning, which became highly popular after giving rise to epochal developments in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing. The past 3 years have witnessed an unprecedented amount of research studies considering the application of deep learning in biomedicine, including computational drug discovery. In this review, we first describe the main instruments of VS methods, including compound and protein features (i.e. representations and descriptors), frequently used libraries and toolkits for VS, bioactivity databases and gold-standard data sets for system training and benchmarking. We subsequently review recent VS studies with a strong emphasis on deep learning applications. Finally, we discuss the present state of the field, including the current challenges and suggest future directions. We believe that this survey will provide insight to the researchers working in the field of computational drug discovery in terms of comprehending and developing novel bio-prediction methods.
Chromosomal fusion and life history-associated genomic variation contribute to within-river local adaptation of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Wellband Kyle , Mérot Claire , Linnansaari Tommi , Elliott J. A. K. , Curry R. Allen , Bernatchez Louis
Published: June 2018

Chromosomal inversions have been implicated in facilitating adaptation in the face of high levels of gene flow, but whether chromosomal fusions also have similar potential remains poorly understood. Atlantic salmon are usually characterized by population structure at multiple spatial scales; however, this is not the case for tributaries of the Miramichi River in North America. To resolve genetic relationships between populations in this system and the potential for known chromosomal fusions to contribute to adaptation we genotyped 728 juvenile salmon using a 50K SNP array. Consistent with previous work, we report extremely weak overall population structuring (Global FST= 0.004) and failed to support hierarchical structure between the river’s two main branches. We provide the first genomic characterization of a previously described polymorphic fusion between chromosomes 8 and 29. Fusion genomic characteristics included high LD, reduced heterozygosity in the fused homokaryotes, and strong divergence between the fused and the unfused rearrangement. Population structure based on fusion karyotype was five times stronger than neutral variation (FST= 0.019) and the frequency of the fusion was associated with summer precipitation supporting a hypothesis that this rearrangement may contribute local adaptation despite weak neutral differentiation. Additionally, both outlier variation among populations and a polygenic framework for characterizing adaptive variation in relation to climate identified a 250 Kb region of chromosome 9, including the genesix6that has previously been linked to age-at-maturity and run-timing for this species. Overall our results indicate that adaptive processes, independent of major river branching, are more important than neutral processes for structuring these populations.
Characteristic impairments of goal-directed and habitual control in bulimia nervosa
Authors: Nunes Abraham , Helson Thomas J. , Dixon Laura M. , Trappenberg Thomas P. , Keshen Aaron R.
Published: June 2018

The relationship between clinical eating disorder symptom severity and balance of model-based (MB) and model-free (MF) control is unclear, and these traits’ predictive capacity is untested in this population. In 25 healthy controls (HCs), 25 subjects with binge eating disorder (BED), and 25 subjects with bulimia nervosa (BN), we show an inverse relationship between symptom severity and MB (though not MF) control. However, trial-by-trial behavioural data discriminated BN from other groups (area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78; 95% CI=0.64–0.92) based primarily on impaired MF control. Our data—including analyses of reaction time and theory-driven computational modeling—support the hypothesis that among pathological binge eating groups, BN may be characterized by impaired value function learning. Our results suggest that trial-by-trial analysis of behavioural data may provide unique insights into the BN phenotype, which may thus be computationally distinct from the related disorder of BED and the HC state.
Microbial adaptation to venom is common in snakes and spiders
Authors: Esmaeilishirazifard E. , Usher L. , Trim C. , Denise H. , Sangal V. , Tyson G.H. , Barlow A. , Redway K.F. , Taylor J.D. , Kremyda-Vlachou M. , Davies S. , Loftus T. D. , Lock M.M.G. , Wright K. , Dalby A. , Snyder L.A.S. , Wuster W. , Trim S. , Moschos S.A.
Published: June 2018

Animal venoms are considered sterile sources of antimicrobial compounds with strong membrane disrupting activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. However, bite wound infections are common in developing nations. Investigating the oral and venom microbiome of five snake and two spider species, we evidence viable microorganisms potentially unique to venom for black-necked spitting cobras (Naja nigricollis). Among these are two venom-resistant novel sequence types ofEnterococcus faecalis; the genome sequence data of these isolates feature an additional 45 genes, nearly half of which improve membrane integrity. Our findings challenge the dogma of venom sterility and indicate an increased primary infection risk in the clinical management of venomous animal bite wounds.

One Sentence Summary

Independent bacterial colonization of cobra venom drives acquisition of genes antagonistic to venom antimicrobial peptides.
Einen Sehnsuchtsort der Wahrnehmung öffnen. Musikvermittlung im Konzertbetrieb
Authors: Wimmer Constanze
Published: June 2018

Constanze Wimmer widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag den historischen und gegenwärtigen Entwicklungslinien der Musikvermittlung im Konzertbetrieb. Kontexte zur Musik zu liefern, sei es zu den Kompositionen selbst, zur Kulturgeschichte der Zeit oder zu den Komponist*innen, die dem Publikum neue und stimmige Möglichkeiten des Zuhörens und Erlebens von Musik eröffnen, war und ist das vorrangige Ziel. Vom Konzertführer Herrmann Kretzschmars bis zu den legendären »Young People's Concerts« von Leonard Bernstein reicht die frühe Palette der Musikvermittlung. Seit den 80er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts verschiebt sich der Fokus deutlich zu Angeboten für Kinder und Jugendliche. Konzerte für Kinder zu gestalten, wurde zu einer neuen performativen Herausforderung. Mittlerweile spielen interaktive und partizipative Ansätze, die Kinder und Jugendliche musizierend und ästhetisch gestaltend an die Musik heranführen, eine mindestens so wichtige Rolle wie das Konzertformat. Und auch die Erwachsenen rücken wieder in das Blickfeld der Akteure der Musikvermittlung: interaktive Einführungen vor Konzerten, Künstlergespräche oder überraschende Konzertorte sprechen Erwachsene jeden Alters an und bemühen sich um eine Auseinandersetzung von Kontext und Musik. In Kooperationen mit sozialen Einrichtungen wird nach sinnstiftenden und partizipativen Zusammenhängen zwischen Kunst, die im Konzertsaal stattfindet und Bedürfnissen von Menschen einer Kommune im urbanen oder ländlichen Raum gesucht. Der "Educational Turn" der Orchester und Konzerthäuser verlangt Musiker*innen und Konzertveranstalter*innen heute eine neue Form von "Citizenship" ab - kaum eine Intendant*in oder eine Chefdirigent*in, der mittlerweile nicht die Bedeutung einer umfassenden Musikvermittlung für das Konzerthaus und für die Tätigkeit des Orchesters erfasst hätte. Wie in der Pionierphase des Konzerts scheint die Zukunft offen: neue Formate werden erprobt, neue Räume geschaffen und neue Treffpunkte zwischen Publikum und Künstlern organisiert.
Vom Fan zum Konsumenten. Die Auswirkungen von Musik-Streaming auf die Hörerschaft und den Musikmarkt
Authors: Krohn-Grimberghe Lukas
Published: June 2018

Die Musikindustrie wird heute maßgeblich von zwei Produkten geprägt: dem Live-Konzert auf der einen und der Tonaufnahme auf der anderen Seite. Die wechselseitige Bedeutung liegt auf der Hand: das Konzert verweist meist auch auf seine Aufnahme und die Aufnahme zwangsläufig auf das Konzert. Ersteres überzeugt durch seine Verortung in Raum und Zeit, durch eine Einzigartigkeit und Vergänglichkeit, und die typischerweise gemeinschaftliche Rezeption. Letzteres besticht durch die Entkopplung von Raum und Zeit, einen günstigen Preis und den potentiell ganz persönlichen, individuellen Konsum. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich vorrangig mit der Aufnahme, wobei der Fokus auf Musik-Streaming gelegt wird, da sich diese Technologie und das mit ihr verbundene Geschäftsmodell zunehmend als Leitmedium des Musikkonsums jenseits des Live-Konzerts etabliert. Erläutert wird die Entwicklung hin zu Musik-Streaming-Angeboten und deren Auswirkung auf Produktion, Distribution und Konsum von Musik.
The reform of criminal procedure of corruption cases in China
Authors: Peng Xinlin
Published: June 2018

In order to achieve fundamental results in punishing corruption crime, we should adhere to the legal anti-corruption pattern, advance with the Rule of Law, and make anti-corruption standardized and institutionalized. The bottom line is that we should reform and improve the criminal procedure for corruption crime in China. Problems in the current procedure for corruption crime mainly include: the presumption rules for corruption crime have not been established, the absence of stigma witness exemption system, the witness protection system, the investigation jurisdiction are not perfect, the supervision of investigation is weak, the lack of absentee trial system for corrupt crime, the non-institutionalization of off-site trial, technical investigation measures may be abused, and difficulties in person sought for corruption and asset recovery. To reform and improve the procedure for corruption crime in China, it is suggested that special procedures for corruption crime be set up as appropriate, relevant contents of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) should be reasonably absorbed, and efforts should be made to promote the institutionalization of the reform achievements in criminal procedure of corruption crime.
Low-dimensional compounds containing cyanido groups. Part XXXIV. Structure, spectral and magnetic properties of the first complex with pyridylbenzimidazole and nonlinear pseudohalide anion
Authors: Potočňák Ivan , Bukrynov Oleksandr , Kliuikov Andrii , Čižmár Erik , Vitushkina Svitlana , Váhovská Lucia , Samoľová Erika
Published: June 2018

From the system CuCl2 – pbi – NaN(CN)2
−, polymeric [CuCl(μ1,5-dca)(pbi)]n·nH2O (1) complex (dca=dicyanamide, pbi=2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole) was isolated and characterized by structure analysis, spectral and magnetic measurements. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of pbi, dca and water molecules in 1. Its solid-state structure is formed by infinite chains running along the b axis. In the chain, the Cu(II) atom is penta-coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of chelate pbi ligand, by two nitrile nitrogen atoms of bridging μ1,5-dca and by chloride ligand which occupies the apical position of tetragonal pyramid around the Cu(II) atom. Asymmetric unit is supplemented by one molecule of solvated water, which along with chlorine atom serves as acceptors in intermolecular hydrogen bonds and along with π–π interactions create a 3D supramolecular structure. Magnetic measurements revealed the presence of a weak ferromagnetic exchange interaction J/kB
=0.11 K.
Morphological features and morphometric indices of the mucous membranes of different parts of the intestines of broiler chickens for feeding feeds with probiotic additive
Authors: Kotsyumbas G. , Kostyniuk A. , Lemishevskyi V. , Fedyk Yu.
Published: June 2018

The article presents the results of histological, histochemical searches and histomorphometric indices of villous height, depth of the crypt of the mucous membrane of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum of broiler chickens, fed a feed with probiotic additive «Probion forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg for 42 days in a row. The experiments were carried out on broiler chickens of the «Kobb-500» breed under vivarium conditions. Two experimental groups of broiler chickens were formed, with a body weight of 37–40 g, with 30 heads in each: First group was received feed with the probiotic «Probion forte» at a dose of 1 g/kg, and the second-control group, which was fed the main ration without the addition of any preparation. At 15, 30 and 42 days of the experiment, 10 chicks from each group were withdrawn from the experiment, an autopsy was carried out and samples from the duodenum, jejunum and the i caecum were taken, which were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution, Carnoua and Buena liquid, followed by paraffin filling. Gisto-cutters were made, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, by Stidman and McManus. For the histological, histochemical, histomorphometric search of the mucous membrane of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum of chickens of the experimental group, It was established that the use of «Probion forte» in a dose of 1 g/kg with food for chicken broilers in the process of growth and development was contributed to: activation of the mitotic and synthesizing functions of cells, active hyperplastic and hypertrophic processes in the structural elements of the mucous membrane of the investigated sections of the intestines of broiler chickens, as a result of which was expressed by an increase in the height of the villi and the depth of the crypts. In the broiler chickens of the experimental group it was most likely increased the height of the villi in the duodenum at 15 and 42 days; in the jejunum, the probable increase in the height of the villi was noted at 15 and 30 days, and in the caecum - at 30 and 42 days of the experiment. At the same time, the height of columnar epitheliocytes, which was located on the villi of the jejunum of animals of the I group, was 31.5 μm and 24.9 μm in control. At the same time, active formation of mucus-like cells of the duodenum, jejunum and caecum, rich in glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins, has been established, which contributed to the formation of a thick mucosal biofilm. The latter serves as a liquid phase in which the movement of cells is carried out, as well as an important barrier to the action of enzymes, pathogens and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. An increase in the number of columnar epithelial cells and cello-like cells of the villi of the intestinal mucus was aimed at improving parietal digestion, absorption and enhancement of the protective function.
Application of new generation phytobiotic adiCoxSOL® PF for coccidiosis prophylactics in poultry broilers
Authors: Cichocka E. , Drymel W. , Abramovych-Pindor P. , Didukh A.
Published: June 2018

The new WHO recommendations aim to help preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics that are important for human medicine by reducing their unnecessary use in animals. In some countries, approximately 80% of total consumption of medically important antibiotics is in the animal sector, largely for growth promotion in healthy animals .Over-use and misuse of antibiotics in animals and humans is contributing to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. After the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in the EU many alternative substances have been investigated for their potential to replace AGPs. Phytobiotics are well known for their pharmacological effects and their wide application  in human medicine and are one of the most promising alternatives due to their high content of pharmacologically active compounds. Herbs develop their initial activity in the feed as flavour and, therefore, influence eating patterns, the secretion of digestive fluids and total feed intake. Stimulation of digestive secretions, including saliva, digestive enzymes, bile and mucus is often considered to be one of the important actions of phytobiotics. Last, due to herbs content  develop their initial activity in the feed as flavour and influence eating patterns of poultry and swine  due to the secretion of digestive fluids and total feed intake. Stimulation of digestive secretions, including saliva, digestive enzymes, bile and mucus is often considered to be one of the important actions of phytobiotics. Experiments with various products conducted with broilers show a clear tendency for improved performance and health status. Significant part of poultry farms in Poland, which are exporters of their products to EU and Asia are more and more often using phytobiotics particularly AdiCox Sol PF® for the prophylactic of subclinical coccidiosis and as a natural growth promoter in broilers. AdiCox PF® contains specially prepared Cinapis alba L., Piper nigrum L., Acorus calamus L., Saponaria officinalis L. Generally have positive effect on villi, nutrient absorption and digestal viscosity. Application of adiCoxSOL® PF solution at 22–25 days of age in broilers in dose of 1 liter per1000 liters of water for 3 days via drinking water. As a result mortality and other typical for coccidiosis clinical signs significantly decreased. Supplementation of AdiCox Sol PF® improved performance due to its positive influence on intestinal microflora and anticoccidial efficacy in broiler chicken.
Meaning beyond the clause
Authors: Martin J. R.
Published: June 2018

In this paper I review Halliday and Hasan’s contributions to the study of meaning beyond the clause, and its recontextualization in my work on discourse semantics. The relation of text structure to cohesive devices is illustrated through a text synthesis. The discussion subsequently focuses on the nature of discourse structures and their relation to discourse systems drawing on Lemke’s concept of covariate relations and Bateman’s invocation of Peirce’s concept of abduction. It is suggested that because they involve passages of discourse of indefinite extent, discourse semantic systems can be positioned stratally and metafunctionally in an SFL model of language, but are not for the most part organized by rank.
Italian Politics in Albania and Albanian Factors February - December 1918
Authors: Ahmetaj Lavdosh
Published: June 2018

The paper consists of these key ideas, first, Italy in Albania reflects cautious, which was accompanied by the formation of an administration with an Albanian element but in the care of Italy. While, on the other hand, felt anxious, due to the publication of the Secret Treaty of London, which was associated with the distrust of Albanians towards Italy's care. Secondly, on the other hand, Italy's politics urged the Albanians of Switzerland to wake up in these very important historical moments for Albania, for the fact that the post-war political conditions of the First World required Albania to be represented in European politics through Italy. Thirdly, the Albanian political class was on its way to maturity, at the same time experiencing disagreement, in the mere political terms, under such conditions Italy had drawn into its politics, some prominent Albanian elements, who sought Italy's help for The formation of the Albanian state. This intervention had created discussions and disagreements between the Albanian political segments that with the echo of the past were perceived as different political streams.
Statistical Evaluation of Seasonal Effects to Income, Sales and Work- Ocupation of Farmers, the Apples Case in Prizren and Korça Regions
Authors: Deda Eriona
Published: June 2018

This paper is focused on the statistical assessment of seasonal effects on farmers' income, their workocupation in farm, and sales of apple products. In focus of this study we have taken two regions Prizren and Korça. By making a comparing between Albania and Kosovo, with regard to significance of the model of seasonal effects for apples. In this paper we have used several statistical and econometric methods to evaluate the seasonal effects on economic phenomena taken in the study. We have used the variation indicators to show the distribution of the observed phenomenon. We also have used dummy variable models. Dummy variables are often used in time series analysis, in seasonal and qualitative analysis of applied data. Each dummy variable is set to 1 if the point of datas is received from a specified season and otherwise 0. To evaluate the seasonal effects in a time series through 1dummy variables, we need to use four dummy variables, one for each quarter, or three dummy variables and a constant. These variables use them as inputs or factors in a regression model. In our paper, we have categorized sales, for apples in 5 different periods. To estimate the magnitude of seasonal effects and to test their significansy are used four dami variables. The purpose of this paper is to show whether the pattern of seasonal effects for apples is significant.
Inquiry-based Integrated Thematic Instruction On Character Education Of Primary School Students
Authors: Chumdari - , Anitah Sri , Budiyono - , Suryani Nunuk
Published: June 2018

This study aimed at investigating the differences between the yields of inquiry-based integrated thematic instruction and thematic instruction model on the character education of primary school students. The population was 253 elementary schools and 63,433 students in Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia. Samples were obtained through multistage cluster random sampling, which were then divided into experimental group (four classes, 129 students) and control group (four classes, 139 students). The Randomized Static Group Comparison Design was employed as the design of experiment. Data collection methods were interview, observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The instruments were validated by content validity and construct validity. Test for normality and homogeneity of data used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Levene Test. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U Test. The result showed that students in the inquiry-based integrated thematic group obtain better score (3.48) than those in the thematic group (3.28). Moreover, the mean rank of the first group (176.07) was also significantly higher than that of the second group (95.92) (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed). 000<.05). In overall, inquiry-based integrated thematic instruction has more significant and positive contribution on the character education of primary school students in compared with the thematic instruction model.
Improved Quality Attributes in Soy Yogurts Prepared From DAG Enriched Edible Oils and Edible Deoiled Soy Flour
Authors: Sengupta Samadrita , Bhattacharyya Dipak K. , Bhowal Jayati
Published: June 2018

Diacylglycerols (DAGs), particularly the 1, 3‐isoform, have immense potential health benefits with regards to post prandial lipemia and obesity. DAG enriched edible oil fortified soy yogurts are developed using edible decorticated and deoiled soy flour instead of using whole soybean seed. DAG enriched oils are prepared by enzymatic glycerolysis from different edible oils namely soybean, sunflower, rice bran, mustard, and sesame oil. All DAG oil enriched soy yogurts exhibit higher oxidative stability and antioxidant activity than the control soy yogurt during storage at 4 °C. The extent of proteolysis by Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. is enhanced by the presence of DAG‐enriched edible oils as shown by a substantial increase in o‐phthaldialdehyde values. The results exhibit that the addition of rice bran oil‐DAG improves the physicochemical properties, microbiological as well as proteolytic activity of soy yogurts and enables a novel technological approach for making fortified soy yogurts with enhanced health‐benefit ingredients.

Practical application: DAG enriched edible oils may be considered as novel functional food ingredients for soy yogurt production. Thus, development of functional soy yogurt with DAG enriched edible oils is an alternative for a value‐added product with better physicochemical properties, microbiological as well as proteolytic activity compared with conventional soy yogurts. The process is commercially economical in view of the uses of seed flour as direct raw material without odor problems for making non‐dairy food products. Soy yogurt with DAG enriched edible vegetable oils can be protected from adverse external conditions with potential benefits in food and therapeutic formulations for improved efficacy and health benefits.

Soy yogurts prepared from diaclyglycerol enriched edible oils can be a novel approach for soy yogurt production. The process is economical and can be shown to have improved health benefits in the final product.
I Can Teach Little Ones, Too
Authors: DeHart Jason D.
Published: June 2018

Voices From the Classroom essays share readers’ reflections on teaching experiences, advice for new teachers, and perspectives on current issues.
Dynamic interfacial mechanical–thermal characteristics of atomically thin two-dimensional crystals
Authors: Xu Kunqi , Ye Shili , Lei Le , Meng Lan , Hussain Sabir , Zheng Zhiyue , Zeng Huarong , Ji Wei , Xu Rui , Cheng Zhihai
Published: June 2018

The in-plane mechanical anisotropy of 2D-materials is probed via the coupling of the puckering effect and interfacial thermal resistance.
Impaired Signaling of NF-κB and NRF2 in CX3CR1-Deficient Microglia: Implications in Tauopathies
Authors: Castro-Sánchez Sara , García-Yagüe Ángel J. , Kügler Sebastian , Lastres-Becker Isabel
Published: June 2018

TAU protein aggregation is the main characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases known as tauopathies. Low-grade chronic inflammation is also another hallmark that indicates crosstalk between damaged neurons and glial cells. We have demonstrated that neurons overexpressing TAUP301L release CX3CL1, which activates anti-inflammatory NRF2 signalling in microglial cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the potential role of CX3CR1 in the context of tauopathies and its implication in neuroinflammation are poorly described. In this work we show that CX3CL1 activates the pro-inflammatory pathway as an early response mediated by the transcription factor NF-κB through the activation of mitogen-and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK-1). At a functional level, CX3CR1-deficient microglia show decreased expression of NRF2, impaired cell migration and deficiency of phagocytosis. The relevance of these findings is evident in a tauopathy model, where the treatment with an inducer of NRF2, sulforaphane, is able to modulate astrogliosis but not microgliosis. These findings suggest that CX3CR1/NRF2 axis is essential in microglial activation associated with tauopathies and that polymorphisms have to be taken into account to development of therapeutic strategies
Four assessment methods to measure student gains in a graduate course on mathematical modeling in cell biology
Authors: Dale Renee , Kato Naohiro , Wischusen Bill
Published: June 2018

The push for mathematics and quantitative skill development in biology is greater than ever before. The perceptions of these techniques are a barrier to their implementation on a grand scale. Methods to assess the efficacy of approaches to teaching quantitative skills are needed to determine if they effectively overcome social stereotypes and fears of math. In our project we study the effect of a mathematical modeling course in cell biology. We developed four assessments to understand if hands-on modeling increases student understanding of the concepts while simultaneously reducing fear of math. Two concept inventories track students’ learning gains both in general and specific knowledge to the course content. Two surveys quantify students’ quantitative confidence and opinions of the usefulness of these techniques in biology. We discuss the effectiveness of our methods and the implications for assessment development in mathematical biology education.
Genomic divergence in allopatric Northern Cardinals of the North American warm deserts is associated with behavioral differentiation
Authors: Provost Kaiya L. , Mauck William M. , Tilston Smith Brian
Published: June 2018

Biogeographic barriers are thought to be important in initiating speciation through geographic isolation, but they rarely indiscriminately and completely reduce gene flow across the entire community. Understanding which species’ attributes regulate a barrier could help elucidate how speciation is initiated. Here, we investigated the association of behavioral isolation on population differentiation in Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) distributed across the Cochise Filter Barrier, a region of transitional habitat which separates the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts. Using genome-wide markers, we modeled demographic history by fitting the data to isolation and isolation-with-migration models. The best-fit model indicated that desert populations diverged in the mid-Pleistocene and there has been historically low, unidirectional gene flow into the Sonoran Desert. We then tested song recognition using reciprocal call-broadcast experiments to compare song recognition between deserts, controlling for song dialect changes within deserts. We found that male Northern Cardinals in both deserts were most aggressive to local songs and failed to recognize across-barrier songs. A correlation of genomic differentiation despite historic introgression and strong song discrimination is consistent with a model where speciation is initiated across a barrier and maintained by behavioral isolation.
Preservation of circadian rhythms by the protein folding chaperone, BiP
Authors: Pickard Adam , Chang Joan , Alachkar Nissrin , Calverley Ben , Garva Richa , Arvan Peter , Meng Qing-Jun , Kadler Karl E.
Published: June 2018

ER stress and dysregulation of collagen synthesis are associated with progression of disease in cancer and fibrosis. Collagen synthesis is co-ordinated with the circadian clock, which curiously in cancer cells, is deregulated by ER stress. We hypothesised that interplay exists between circadian rhythm, collagen synthesis and ER stress in normal cells. Here we show that fibroblasts with ER stress do not demonstrate circadian rhythms in gene expression upon clock-synchronizing time cues. Conversely, overexpression of BiP or treatment with chemical chaperones strengthens the oscillation amplitude of circadian rhythms. The significance of these findings was explored in tendon, where we showed that BiP expression is ramped preemptively prior to a surge in collagen synthesis at night, thereby preventing protein misfolding and ER stress. In turn, we propose, this forestalls activation of the unfolded protein response in order for circadian rhythms to be maintained. Thus, targeting ER stress could be used to modulate circadian rhythm and restore collagen homeostasis in disease.
WDR5 regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cellsviaTGFβ
Authors: Simona Punzi , Chiara Balestrieri , Carolina D’Alesio , Daniela Bossi , Ivan Dellino Gaetano , Elena Gatti , Giancarlo Pruneri , Carmen Criscitiello , Alessandro Carugo , Giuseppe Curigliano , Gioacchino Natoli , Giuseppe Pelicci Pier , Luisa Lanfrancone
Published: June 2018

Even if the mortality rate in breast cancer (BC) has recently decreased, development of metastases and drug resistance are still challenges to successful systemic treatment. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as epigenetic dynamic modifications, plays a pivotal role in invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Here, we report that WDR5, the core subunit of histone H3 K4 methyltransferase complexes, is crucial in coordinating EMT and regulating epigenetic changes that drive metastasis. We show that silencing of WDR5 in BC up-regulates an epithelial signature in triple negative and luminal B like patients by transcriptional repression of mesenchymal genes and reduction of the metastatic properties of these cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that this regulation is mediated by inhibition of the TGFβ signaling both at the transcriptional and post-translational level, suggesting an active role of WDR5 in guiding tumor plasticity upon oncogenic insults, regardless of the pathological BC subtypes.

We therefore suggest that WDR5 inhibition could be a successful pharmacologic approach to inhibit EMT and sensitize breast cancer cells to chemotherapy.
Dynamics of PAR proteins explain the oscillation and ratcheting mechanisms in dorsal closure
Authors: Durney C.H. , Harris T.J.C. , Feng J.J.
Published: June 2018

We present a vertex-based model forDrosophiladorsal closure that predicts the mechanics of cell oscillation and contraction from the dynamics of the PAR proteins. Based on experimental observations of how aPKC, Par-6 and Bazooka migrate from the circumference of the apical surface to the medial domain, and how they interact with each other and ultimately regulate the apicomedial actomyosin, we formulate a system of differential equations that capture the key features of the process. The oscillation in cell area in the early phase of dorsal closure results from an intracellular negative feedback loop that involves myosin, an actomyosin regulator, aPKC and Bazooka. In the slow phase, gradual sequestration of apicomedial aPKC into Bazooka clusters causes incomplete disassembly of the myosin network over each cycle of oscillation, thus producing the so-called ratchet. The fast phase of rapid cell and tissue contraction arises when medial myosin, no longer hindered by aPKC, builds up in time and produces sustained contraction. Thus, a minimal set of rules governing the dynamics of the PAR proteins, extracted from experimental observations, can account for all major mechanical outcomes of dorsal closure, including the transitions between its three distinct phases.

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