bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La praxis humana de la libertad y el reclamo por el ser genérico
Authors: Rodríguez Sánchez Esteban
Published: June 2021

Este artículo sostendrá que la relación entre trabajo y emancipación humana no puede ser simplemente presupuesta, sino que dicha relación implica considerar al trabajo como una actividad humana que posee un potencial para la construcción de la posibilidad de desarrollo de la emancipación humana constituyendo a sujetos capaces de transformar realidades políticas, económicas y sociales. En primer lugar, este artículo establece la necesidad de reivindicar la categoría de trabajo a través de una contextualización de las condiciones históricas concretas de la actualidad del neoliberalismo. Esto tiene como objetivo identificar los problemas a los que se enfrenta dicho concepto. En segundo lugar, una vez establecidos esos problemas, se pasará a reconstruir la propuesta de Boaventura de Sousa Santos atendiendo a las cuatro condiciones para el redescubrimiento democrático del trabajo. Finalmente, se realizará un análisis crítico de la propuesta de Boaventura. Este análisis tiene como objetivo, por un lado, establecer los límites de la propuesta de Boaventura y, por otro, la radicalización de dicha propuesta. Este análisis crítico se realizará a la luz de los conceptos de emancipación humana y de ser genérico planteados por Marx, con el fin de establecer la importancia de la construcción de relaciones humanas en la búsqueda de sujetos capaces de realizar transformaciones radicales a las problemáticas que se enfrenta la sociedad contemporánea.
Improve the thermal and mechanical properties of foam polystyrene by gebrile soil
Authors: Al-khodary Montajb , AL-sibai Sabah , Tellawi Moaffaq
Published: June 2021

In this research we tried to improve the thermal insulation efficiency of polystyrene foam by adding some natural materials. The gebrile soil was selected for several reasons, including abundance and ease of processing before the addition - There are many previous researches for soil treatment -. We have found at ratio 20%(The proportion of the soil in the compound) the coefficient of conduction is low and then rises after this percentage As for the absorption of water it increases by increasing the soil, but at this ratio the absorption is within the permissible limit according to the specifications required for the insulation materials and also compressive strength increase with the increasing of the soil ratio because of increasing of mechanical links between the polycarbonate and polystyrene particles and composite-material’s density increasing in general.
Thermal Loads and Cost Reduction for a Residential House by Change Its Orientation and Add Roof Shading
Authors: Khaleel Mahmood H.
Published: June 2021

The Iraqi climate is characterized by high temperatures in summer that require a

large capacity of air conditioning systems to meet the suitable climate conditions

which they are appropriate for the comfortable conditions for human especially

housing units. The demerits of these systems are the high-maintenance-cost as well

as high electrical power consumption, whereas the last considers currently one of

the major obstacles in Iraq. This research studies the influence of two significant

factors to reduce the thermal loads of the building which leads to decrease the

consumption of the energy. The Study of the effect for the building's direction to

the falling angle of the sunlight during the daylight in addition to the probability of

reducing the thermal load of the building, and studying the effect of shading the

buildings' roofs with red tile to prevent the falling sunlight on the roofs using the

design method cooling load temperature difference (Cooling Load Temperature

Difference –CLTD-) to calculate the thermal loads of a building designed

according to the modern Iraqi design Located in Baghdad. The results explained a

decrease in the thermal load through external walls by (12.32%) when directing the

building to the direction West (W) compared to the South-West (SW) trend, while

the thermal load through the glass decreased by 24.9% when directing the building

to the North (N )direction with a trend of South-West (SW) as well as a decrease

of 8.5% for the total thermal load of the building when directing the building to the

direction North (N) compared to other trends and when shading the roof with a

material preventing the sun reduces the rate of thermal load of the roof by 55%

compared to the exposed roof. The study also shows in terms of the costs per

building provides about (108787 ID / Day) of the supported governmental costs

whereas the non-governmental cost is about (55987 ID / Day).
Studying of Physio-chemical Properties of the Groundwater in AL-A’lam City
Authors: Khudhair Haneen A. , Ahmed Rand R. , Hussein Rim H. , Ibrahim Hassain D. , Hassain Omer S.
Published: June 2021

The present study was conducted for eight wells that are distributed in A’alam subdistrict in Salah al-Din province to assess the groundwater quality in this area. Water samples from these wells were taken during three months periods, one sample per month. Some physical and chemical properties of the water samples were tested by conducting on-site and laboratory tests. The water temperatures of the wells were recorded to assess its relationship with many properties of the water, including basal. The results indicated that the water of the studied wells was warm during the study period, and its temperature range was (19-24) ° C. The pH was measured and also its values were in the range (7.44-8.4). The values of total dissolved solids exceeded the permissible limits, with a minimum value of (1930) mg/L which is higher than the permissible limit in the drinking water relating to the Iraqi standard and the specifications of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), (1000) mg/L. This increase led to a significant increase in the electrical conductivity values, which reached its lowest recorded value of (3940) microsmins/cm, which is above the permissible limit (1500) microsmins/cm. The concentration of chloride ion, which is in the range (482.7-1053) mg/L and sulfur ions, which recorded its lowest value (411) mg/L, and also this exceeded the permissible limits for both ions (250) mg/L according to the Iraqi standard and WHO standards. The study covered all the studied wells water, and its depth are found in the range (80-160) meters, which is very hard water, with a concentration of (180) mg/L. The results indicate that the water was permanently exposed to pollution and is far from optimal for most of the time. Geographic information systems (GIS) were used to produce spatial maps of the study area showing the distribution of the characteristics studied, thus providing a future database for the region, which could be used to diagnose pollution wherever it would be found.
Simulation And Analysis of An Intelligent Power System Stabilizer Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ahmed Majeed AlDurze Firas , Amer Abdullah Sura
Published: June 2021

The basic aim of the power system stabilizer is to damp the fluctuations that occur on the rotating axis of the synchronous generator that result from noise or disturbance on the power system. This is achieved by producing an appropriate damping torque for these fluctuations across the excitation circuit of the generator and for a wide range of operation conditions. The study describes the types of power system stabilizers and giving an mathematical model of the power system that consists of a synchronous machine connected to the infinite bus though transmission lines. This has been achieved by simulating the electric and mechanical equations of power systems and  proposing a methodological approach to design a Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilize (FPSS) relaying in the design on the (Matlab/Fuzzy logic toolbox).Speed deviation (Δω) and acceleration (∆ ) of the synchronous machine are chosen as the input signals to the fuzzy controller in order to achieve a good dynamic performance .The complete range for the variation of each of the two controller inputs is represented by a 7×7 decision table, i.e. 49 rules using proportional derivative like fuzzy logic. The power system (SMIB) was tested with the presence and absence of the excitation system, then (CPSS) was added, and then (FPSS).The simulation results of the proposed fuzzy logic on )SMIB( gave a better dynamic response, decreased the settling time and good performance of the stabilizer in damping the fluctuations that arise in the speed of rotation of the generator and its active power in various operating conditions  when proposed (FPSS) is compared with conventional PSS. The simulation results proved the superior performance of the proposed (FPSS).
Effect of Intermittent Water Application from Trickle Source on The Water Movement and Moisture Distributionin Layered Soil
Authors: Ismail Yasin Haqqi , Younis Al-Dabbagh Abdul Sattar
Published: June 2021

Efficient design of trickle irrigation system depends on the shape and volume of wetted soil, which are affected by many factors. Among these factors are water application rate, soil profile type, initial soil moisture, and continuous or intermittent water application. The aim of this research is to study the effect of intermittent water application on the wetting pattern and soil moisture distribution for homogeneous and layered soils under trickle source.  Thirty experiments were conducted to monitor the advance of the wetting front in the soil profiles. Measurements of soil moisture content were also made at selected locations to evaluate the moisture distribution in soil. A rectangular box with inside dimensions of 147 cm*90 cm*5 cm was used to build the soil profile. One of the faces of the box is transparent. Two different soils were used; a sandy loam and a   silty clay loam. The soils were air dried, sieved, and packed inside the box in accordance with their apparent densities which have been measured in the field. Four types of soil profiles were built; the first was sandy loam soil, the second was silty clay loam soil, the third was (silty clay loam/ sandy loam) layered soil, and the fourth was (sandy loam/ silty clay loam) layered soil. Three water application rates were used for each soil profile. Three continuous or intermittent applications were used; continuous applications, equally intermittent applications (120 minutes ON with 120 minutes OFF), and different intermittent applications ([1]20 minutes ON with 240 minutes OFF). In addition, several cylindrical infiltration tests were conducted to describe some characteristics of each soil. Empirical relations to predict each of vertical (under trickle source) and horizontal (at soil surface) wetting front advance were found in this study. Empirical relations to predict the percentage of applied water volume in horizontal strips as a function of soil depth and in vertical strips as a function of horizontal distance from the trickle emitter were also found.    The study showed that the wetted soil volume increases as either the water application rate increases, or the intermittent application ratio increases. Also, it showed that the ratio of horizontal advance to vertical advance of wetting front increases as either the water application rate increases, or the intermittent application ratio decreases. The study demonstrated that the accumulated ratio of water application volume at a certain soil depth from trickle source increases as the intermittent application ratio decreases. Also, it demonstrated that the accumulated ratio of water application volume at a certain horizontal distance from trickle source decreases as the intermittent application ratio decreases.
Empirical Equations to Estimate Evapotranspiration in Mosul City
Authors: Ismail Yasin Haqqi , Fuaad Abdullah Luma
Published: June 2021

Average daily data of solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and air temperature from 1980 to 2008 are used to estimate the daily reference evapotranspiration in the Mosul City, North of Iraq. ETo calculator software with the Penman Monteith method standardized by the Food and Agriculture Organization is used for calculations. Further, a nonlinear regression approach using SPSS Statistics is utilized to drive the daily reference evapotranspiration relationships in which ETo is function to one or more of the average daily air temperature, actual daily sunshine duration, measured wind speed at 2m height and relative humidity.
Changes of anthropometric parameters of an eye during the implantation of toric intraocular lenses in children with congenital cataracts.
Authors:   FSAI «NMRC Interdisciplinary Scientific and Technical Complex «Eye Microsurgery» named after academician S.N. Fedorov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg branch, Shilov A.I. , Shefer K.K. ,   FSAI «NMRC Interdisciplinary Scientific and Technical Complex «Eye Microsurgery» named after academician S.N. Fedorov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg branch
Published: June 2021

Aim. The aim of the study is to examine changes in the anthropometric and refractive parameters of the eyeball in children with congenital cataracts who have been implanted with various types of IOLs (toric or classic monofocal). Materials and methods. In this work, we retrospectively studied the medical history of 34 children (42 eyes) aged 4 to 15 years, who underwent phacoemulsification of congenital cataracts with implantation of various types of IOLs: toric and simple monofocal. Further, in these groups, by statistical methods, the dynamics of refraction in the first three years after the operation, the incidence of postoperative astigmatism, and its dynamics were assessed. We also assessed the rate of change in the anteroposterior axis of the eyeball, the dynamics of refraction in terms of the total spheroequivalent and maximum visual acuity in 3 years after the operation. Results. According to the results of the study, it was shown that toric IOLs significantly better stimulate the process of emmetropization of the eyeball, and also have a significant tendency to completely eliminate postoperative astigmatism, within 3 years after surgery. However, there were no significant differences in maximally corrected visual acuity between the 2 compared groups. There were also no data showing a significant difference in the more frequent development of myopia in the group receiving the toric IOL. Conclusion. The correct choice and calculation of the IOL remains one of the most difficult tasks in pediatric cataract surgery. New technologies are introduced annually and require constant testing. In this study, we have shown the possibility of using toric IOLs and their positive effects in pediatric cataract surgery and in the prevention and treatment of obscuration amblyopia. Key words: pediatric cataract, intraocular lenses, myopia, refraction, phacoemulsification, amblyopia.
Joint treatment of severe amblyopia combined with uncomfortable esotropia (case report)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Muraveva G.V. , Vydrina A.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga
Published: June 2021

Purpose - to evaluate the effectiveness of a joint method for the treatment of severe amblyopia, combined with uncomfortable esotropia, including chemodenervation of the extraocular muscle and subsequent pleoptic treatment using the «Ambliokor» medical complex. Material and methods. The patient is 3 years old. Diagnosis: unfriendly non-paralytic esohypertropia with a prevalence of OD; amblyopia, severe OD, moderate OS, mixed astigmatism OU. The treatment was carried out in 2 stages. At the first stage in order to eliminate the dysbinocular factor of amblyopia, chemodenervation of the internal rectus muscle of the right eye with the preparation of botulinum toxin type A «Botox» was performed by the intraoperative technique. After 1 month, at the second stage, a complex pleoptic treatment was carried out. Results. After chemodenervation, 1 month later, orthotropy in the primary gaze position without glasses and with glasses was achieved. The vertical deviation significantly decreased to 5 degrees in the position of adduction of the eyeballs. The right lead was restored fully. The forced turn of the head was eliminated. After the third course of complex pleoptic treatment, visual acuity with correction was 0.7 on the right and 0.8 on the left. Restoration of central visual fixation in the right eye was noted. The simultaneous nature of vision was revealed. The deviation angle of the eyes in the primary gaze position without glasses and with glasses to the nose did not exceed +7 degrees according to Hirshberg. Hypertropia persisted in adduction up to 10 degrees according to Hirschberg (hyperfunction of the inferior oblique muscle) in both eyes. «V»-syndrome persisted. The patient is planned to surgically weaken the hyperfunction of the inferior oblique muscle of both eyes, followed by the continuation of a complex of pleopto-orthoptic treatment. Conclusion. The existing extensive base of various methods of influencing the functions of the amblyopic eye allows for successful treatment of even severe amblyopia. Key words: amblyopia, unfriendly esotropia, chemodenervation, pleoptic treatment.
Features of the local cytokine profile in patients with secondary corneal dystrophy of various etiologies
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, SSMU, Denisko M.S. , Krivosheina O.I. ,   Siberian State Medical University, SSMU
Published: June 2021

Goal. To study the features of the local cytokine profile of patients with secondary corneal dystrophy of various etiologies. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 4 patients: 1 – with bullous kerathopathy, 1 – with secondary postherpetic corneal dystrophy, 1 – with secondary keratectasia and 1 – with secondary corneal dystrophy of neurogenic origin. The quantitative content of cytokines in the lacrimal fluid was studied: interleukin (IL) 1β, 6, 4, 10, transforming growth factor β2 (TGF-β2). Results. All patients had in 3.0-4.3-fold increase in IL-1β and a 2.0-4.1-fold increase in IL-6. In bullous kerathopathy and secondary corneal dystrophy of neurogenic origin, there was in 1.1-and 1.2-fold increase in IL-4 in both cases, and a slight increase in IL-10 and TGF-β2. At the same time, in secondary keratectasia and secondary postherpetic corneal dystrophy, there was a decrease in the level of these cytokines: IL-4 by 1.7 and 1.3 times, respectively, IL-10 by 1.2 times in both cases, and TGF-β2 by 1.5 and 1.3 times, respectively. Conclusion. The study of the local cytokine profile in patients with secondary corneal dystrophy of different etiologies indicates the presence of similar aspects of pathogenesis, which is of some interest and deserves further study. The obtained results open up prospects for the development of personalized cytokine therapy for secondary corneal dystrophy of various etiologies. Key words: secondary corneal dystrophy, immunology, cytokines.
Microperimetry in the diagnosis of early stages glaucoma
Authors:   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kazennova I.A. , Chuprov A.D. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Voronina A.E. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kazennov A.N. ,   Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To increase the efficiency of diagnostics of glaucomatous process in the early stages using microperimetry. Materials and methods. We examined 15 patients (30 eyes) aged 43-71 years (average age 62 years) with the initial stage of POAG, the duration of the disease was 8-36 months. The control group consisted of 10 patients (20 eyes), somatically healthy individuals without concomitant ophthalmopathology. In addition to standard research methods, the following were additionally carried out: optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the optic nerve disk, macular OCT for analyzing the thickness of the ganglion cell complex, angio-OCT of the optic disc and macula, and microperimetry. Results. When conducting microperimetric studies, a decrease in the average threshold photosensitivity AvThr (20 (4.8-23.3)) and the index of macular preservation MI (23 (2.8-26.8)) in patients with POAG was found in comparison with the control group. During OCT of the optic disc and macula, no changes were recorded in both groups, and there was no decrease in peripapillary perfusion during angio-OCT of the optic disc. However, in patients with POAG, during angio-OCT in the macular area, attention is drawn to some of its expansion and deformation, which confirms the fact that the macular area is involved in the glaucomatous process, which affects the photosensitivity of the cells of the central retinal area. Conclusion. Thus, the decrease in the average threshold of sensitivity in patients with POAG revealed by microperimetry makes it possible to detect glaucoma in the early stages, as well as to assess the dynamics of the glaucomatous process, which in its turn increases the effectiveness of treatment of patients. Key words: glaucoma, glaucomatous process progression, computer perimetry, microperimetry, optic nerve atrophy.
Method for early visualization of COVID-19 associated cavernous sinus thrombosis
Authors:   Tashkent Medical Academy, Ministry of health of Republic of Uzbekistan, Oripov O.I. , Umarov R.Z. ,   Center for Professional Development of Medical Workers, Ministry of health of Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Development and evaluation of the effectiveness of the most optimal method of imaging for COVID-19 associated cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST). Material and methods. The study included the results of observation of 98 patients with CST. In all cases, COVID-19 confirmed by serological test results and the presence of specific lung lesions. The description and interpretation of MRI images in special modes (T2 TSE (cut 0.6-1.6 mm) and Dark fluid T2 (cut 0.6-1.6 mm), which allow determining the presence of a thrombus, have been carried out. Results. The use of this imaging module made it possible to determine the development of thrombosis in the projection of the orbital vein before its transition to the cavernous sinus in 24 patients who underwent COVID-19 and were admitted with complaints of difficulty in nasal breathing, purulent nasal discharge and severe headache. The detection of thrombus formation at this stage and the beginning of early intensive conservative therapy made it possible to achieve a favorable clinical outcome in the patient in the form of preserving the eyeball as an organ and partially preserving its functional capacity. In other cases, the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed technique were also high and amounted to more than 90%. Conclusion. The proposed imaging method for COVID-19 associated CST is highly sensitive and allows timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment, which will lead to a more favorable outcome in patients. Key words: cavernous sinus thrombosis; COVID-19; imaging; MRI.
Orbital tumor in a patient with chronic viral hepatitis С with systemic manifestations (case report)
Authors:   FSBSI «Institute of eye diseases», Moscow, Sheptulin V.A. , Ismailova D.S. ,   FSBSI «Institute of eye diseases», Moscow
Published: June 2021

Aim. To present the case report of orbital tumor in patient with chronic hepatitis C with systemic manifestations, diagnostic and treatment approaches in such patients. Material and methods. We describe a clinical case of 48 y.o. female patient complaining of right-sided upper eyelid swelling and ptosis. According to MRI an orbital tumor was previously visualized in the location of right lacrimal gland. It was known, that the patient suffers from HCV infection since 1992. She was prescribed local and systemic immunosuppressive treatment with a positive effect, however due to hemorrhagic vasculitis development and eyelid swelling recurrence 2 weeks later she was admitted to the hospital. In diagnostic purpose the orbital tumor was surgically excised followed by morphological and immunohistochemical investigation. Results. A differential diagnosis between chronic dacryoadenitis, lymphoid tissue hyperplasia (due to longstanding antigene stimulation (MALT – tissue) and marginal lymphoma (MALT – lymphoma) was performed. Immunohistochemical staining and PET – CT failed to confirm the lymphoproliferative disease. However, in 1 year due to tumor recurrence, repeated biopsy followed by previously described analyses confirmed extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MALT – lymphoma). Repeated PET-CT showed metabolic activity in the right orbit and in the location of paraesophageal lymph node. The patient received polychemotherapy inducting lymphoma remission. Conclusion. Current clinical case shows that differential diagnosis of orbital tumors in patients with chronic hepatitis C should include lymphoproliferative diseases. Key words: orbit neoplasm, dacryoadenitis, lymphoma, chronic viral hepatitis C.
Possibility of application different cryopreservatives for tissue-engineered corneal constructions storage
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borzenok S.A. ,   The A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kostenev S.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Li V.G. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ostrovskiy D.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khubetsova M.K. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zheltonozhko А.А. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Conduct a comparative analysis of corneal tissue–engineered constructs that have undergone cryopreservation of three different cryoprotectants. Materials and methods. After refractive surgery Relex SMILE, corneal tissue was obtained which is called a lenticule. Corneal tissue engineering constructs (RTK) have created using decellularization methods that relate to the technologies of tissue and regenerative medicine. For decellularization of the lenticules, a protocol with a 1.5 M solution of Sodium Chloride with DNase 5 U / ml and RNase 5 U / ml was used. After decellularization, RTK was cryopreserved using: 1) 10% DMSO and 90% “corneal storage solution” (Borzenok–Moroz medium), 2) «Cryoderm» cell cryopreservation medium, 3) 100% glycerin. Transparency was assessed using spectrophotometry. The thickness of collagen fibers was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. When assessing the transparency of the control and experimental groups, a statistically significant decrease in transparency was revealed in the groups using cryoprotectants – Glycerin and Cryoderm (p<0.001), the groups using DMSO did not differ from the control (p=0.99). Also, statistically significant differences were found between the experimental groups «Cryoderm»–DMSO (p=0.02), «Cryoderm»–Glycerin (p<0.001) and Glycerin–DMSO (p<0.001). When evaluating the SEM data, it was found that the thickness of collagen fibers did not differ in the DMSO–Control and Cryoderm–Control groups (p>0.05). The Glycerol–Control group was statistically different (p<0.001). Conclusions. In our work, we have shown the use of DMSO for storing RTK causes thickening of collagen fibers after decellularization of similar to native lenticules. This protocol can be useful for long–term storage and creation of the RTK cryobank. Key words: storage, lenticule, cryoprotectants, cryopreservation, cornea.
Tactics and timing of surgical treatment in a child with congenital essential esotropia: clinical case
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Mamulat D.R. , Plisov I.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Antsiferova N.G. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Sharokhin M.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To evalute the effective of the proposed volume of surgical treatment for the progressive course of infant esotropia. Material and мethods. A premature baby with congenital esotropia, which was diagnosed at the sith month of life. The patient was assigned a spectacle correction taking into account the par of ametropia and constant alternating occlusion. In connection with the subsequent increase in horizontal esodeviation and the appearance of a paretic component, a bilateral recession of the internal rectus muscle by 5mm was carried out in combination with an injection of Botox in a volume of 2.0. IU. Results and discussion. After the first stage of surgical treatment, a stable decrease of horizontal esodeviation and an increase of the amount of abduction were achieved. Conclusion. Bilateral combined weakening of medial rectus muscles (classical recession and chemorecession) allows to achieve predicted good results in case of large strabismus angles, combined with limi of abduction. Key words: congenital esotropia, chemodenervation, chemorecession.
Application of the method of accelerated ultraviolet crosslinking of corneal collagen using a customized protective contact lens without an ultraviolet filter in a patient with secondary keratoectasia after Lasik (a clinical case)
Authors:   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Obraztsova M.R. , Mushkova I.A. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Maychuk N.V. ,   S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical and functional results of the technique of ultraviolet crosslinking on the thin cornea using a customized soft contact lens without an ultraviolet filter in a patient with secondary corneal ectasia. Material and methods. Under observation was patient S., 32 years old, diagnosed with secondary keratoectasia of the left eye after LASIK surgery, performed in 2008 for moderate myopia. To stabilize the keratectatic process, complicated by the presence of a thin cornea with a thickness of less than 400 microns, an operation was performed: ultraviolet crosslinking of corneal collagen using a customized protective lens without an ultraviolet filter. Results. There were no complications during and after the operation. According to keratorefractometry and keratotopography, there was no progression of the disease after surgery, and no loss of endothelial cells was detected. Conclusion. Thus, conducting ultraviolet crosslinking of corneal collagen using a protective customized lens without an ultraviolet filter is a promising technique that allows you to achieve stabilization of the keratectatic process. Key words: corneal ectasia, thin cornea, UV crosslinking, customized lens.
Experimental rationale for using a viscoprotection of the corneal endothelium on the graft formed with a femtosecond laser for the descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty
Authors:   S.N. Fyodorov NMRC Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Tkachenko I.S. , Malyugin B.E. ,   S.N. Fyodorov NMRC Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Borzenok S.A. ,   S.N. Fyodorov NMRC Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry» of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Ostrovskiy D.S. ,   S.N. Fyodorov NMRC Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Kalinnikova S.Y. ,   S.N. Fyodorov NMRC Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To rationale experimentally the use of a viscoprotection of the corneal endothelium on the graft formed with a femtosecond laser for the descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty. Material and methods. In our study, we used 12 pig's corneoscleral discs. The preservation time before the experiment averaged 12±4 hours. The corneas were divided into 2 groups. In the operating room, the graft was formed using an LDV Z8 femtosecond laser (Ziemer, Switzerland) from the endothelial side. Before applanation of the donor cornea and femtolaser head, a 1% solution of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was applied to the endothelium - experimental group. The control group was appraised according to the standard technique, with the application of a few drops of a solution for storing the corneas. Then the applanation was monitored and evaluated by laser optical coherence tomography. Then the graft was separated from the bed and transferred to a conservation medium. Under laboratory conditions, to determine the viability of endothelial cells, the graft was stained with a «vital» dye with the commercial name Life and Dead (Abcam, UK) and placed in a confocal laser scanning microscope. Endothelial cells were counted using the ImageJ software. Results. In the experimental and control groups, the number of living endothelial cells (EC) was 91.06±1.49% and 83.86±2.14%, respectively (p<0.001). The number of dead ECs in the control group was 7.2±0.65% more than in the experimental group and amounted to 16.14±2.14% and 8.94±1.49%, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion. The study demonstrated that the use of viscoprotection of the corneal graft endothelium for posterior lamellar keratoplasty is quite effective, and significantly reduces the loss of EC at the stage of cutting out the graft with a femtosecond laser. Key words: descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, femtosecond laser, vital dyes.
Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı ile Akademik Erteleme ve Akademik Başarı Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: BAYKAN Zeynep , GÜNEŞ Hasan , SEYFELİ Yasemin
Published: June 2021

Amaç: İnternet ve akıllı telefonların günlük hayata getirdikleri kolaylıklar yanında bilinçsiz kullanımları birtakım sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde akıllı telefon bağımlılık oranlarını, akademik erteleme düzeylerini, akıllı telefon kullanımözelliklerini belirlemek ve nomofobi ile akademik erteleme ve akademik başarı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışma da her bir sınıf için en az 75 öğrencinin örneklem grubuna alınması gerektiği hesaplanmış; toplam 450 öğrenciye ulaşılması hedeflenmiş ve 511 öğrenciye ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma için gerekli etik kurul izni ve dekanlık izni alınmıştır. Tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları anket, öğrencilerin sosyodemografik ve akıllı telefon kullanım özelliklerini soran sorularla akıllı telefon bağımlılığı (nomofobi) ölçeği ve akademik erteleme ölçeğinden oluşmuştur. Ki kare, Kruskal Wallis varyans analizi, Mann Whitney U testi, pearson korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Nomofobi, akademik erteleme ve Genel Akademik Not Ortalaması arasındaki ilişkiler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile test edilmiştir.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %99,8’i akıllı telefona sahipti. Öğrenciler akıllı telefonlarını en çok aileleri ile konuşmak ve sosyal ağlara girmek için kullanmaktadır. Nomofobi ölçeğinden alınan puan ortalamaları 70.1±25.1 (min:20-max:140) olarak hesaplanmıştır. İki öğrenci bağımlılık yok; 170 öğrenci (%33,7) hafif düzeyde, 273 öğrenci (%54,1) orta düzeyde ve 60 öğrenci (%11,9) ciddi düzeyde bağımlı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin cinsiyetleri ile nomofobi düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır. Kadınlarda ciddi düzeyde bağımlılık erkeklerden daha yüksek düzeyde tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin akademik erteleme ölçeğinden aldıkları puan ortalaması 55.8±12.0‘dır. Nomofobinin akademik erteleme üzerinde pozitif yönlü; akademik ertelemenin de GANO üzerinde negatif yönlü etkisi olduğu görülmüştür. Nomofobinin genel akademik not ortalaması üzerinde negatif yönlü etkisi görüldü. Yapılan analizler birlikte incelendiğinde akademik ertelemenin genel akademik not ortalamasını düşürdüğü; nomofobinin doğrudan akademik ertelemeyi arttırırken dolaylı olarak da genel akademik not ortalamasını düşürdüğü belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Akıllı telefon kullanımı fakültemiz öğrencilerinde yaygındır ve akademik ertelemeye sebep olarak öğrenci başarısını da düşürmektedir.
Transient Ischemic Attack in a Hemophilia Patient with Severe Preeclampsia after Preoperative Administration of Tranexamic Acid and Factor VIII Replacement for Cesarean Section
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, USA, JD D’Onofrio , CR Hoffman ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, USA, SF Goldberg ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, USA
Published: June 2021

Hemophilia A in females accounts for few cases due to hemophilia A and B having X-linked recessive inheritance patterns. Hemostatic changes in pregnancy include an increase in coagulation factors and von Willebrand activity, placing hemophilia patients at an increased risk for Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH). General recommendations include considering pharmacologic prophylaxis, including tranexamic acid and factor replacement when necessary. The ultimate goal is to prevent uncontrolled bleeding during vaginal or operative delivery. Benefits of prophylactic therapies must be weighed with relevant risk profiles of each intervention. We present a case where a parturient with hemophilia prophylactically treated with TXA and FVIII experienced a transient ischemic attack. We discuss the background information known regarding tranexamic acid and factor replacement, and the subsequent recommendations for their use in this patient population. We consider recommendations to expand the multidisciplinary team incorporated in the assessment and planning for the peripartum care of such a patient.
Ovulation Induction and Intrauterine Insemination for Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India, S Siwatch , V Suri ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India, LK Dhaliwal ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India, S Gainder ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India
Published: June 2021

Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (HH) is a rare gynae- endocrinological cause of anovulatory infertility. Gonadotropins are given to induce ovulation. Various ART techniques have been used for assisting conception in these women. In this study, we aimed to calculate the chances of success of ovulation and pregnancy rates after ovulation induction and intrauterine seminal insemination in HH women. We reviewed and analyzed the chances of success of ovulation and conception with ovulation induction and intrauterine seminal insemination in thirty two couples who underwent 56 intrauterine insemination cycles. The average age of these women was 27.2+/- 3.2 years. Ovulation was documented in 55/56 cycles. An average of 12.89+/-5.05 days of stimulation was required to induce ovulation. The pregnancy rate was 50%. Thus, intrauterine insemination offers a cheaper yet good alternate option of reproductive techniques in addition to ovulation induction with gonadotropins, in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, especially in the low resource settings.
Intraoperative Spinal Cord Remote Monitoring with a Modified US A-Scope
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Rambam HCC and The School of Medicine at the Technion I.I.T, Haifa, Israel, M Zaaroor , G Sviri ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Rambam HCC and The School of Medicine at the Technion I.I.T, Haifa, Israel, A Sinai ,   Department of Biomedical Eng., with Specialization in Neurophysiology, Rambam HCC, Haifa, Israel, M Constantinescu ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Rambam HCC, Haifa, Israel, Politch Halevy ,   Department of Aerospace Eng., Technion I.I.T., Haifa, Israel
Published: June 2021

Materials and Methods: The motivation for this feasibility study were: (i) to modify the ultrasonic A-scope in order to monitor remotely, intraoperatively and in real-time tumor’s depth and size, before cutting its dura and to control tumor’s residual thickness while its resection and (ii) to demonstrate these abilities during several spinal-cord surgeries. Results: The ultrasonic A-scope was modified for these purposes, to a noncontact, intraoperative and real-time device. It was successfully applied during several human spinal cord clinical trials. Its data were compared with those of a pre-operative MRI (of the same person), where a good similarity was obtained between them, with a difference less than 1mm, in most cases. Conclusions: The modified A-Scope advantages: (i) remote, intraoperative and real-time monitoring; (ii) accurate and objective data was obtained; (iii) there is no direct contact between the US transducer and the monitored tissue, as the ultrasound propagates through a free stream of normal saline; (iv) the length of the free stream is few mm, at least; (v) the handpiece enables to monitor in a confined area, as it has a small foot-print; (vi) it is simple to operate the device; (vii) it enables to define intraoperatively tumor edges, before cutting and opening the dura. Consequently, this modified device seems to be a valuable and useful tool to define intraoperatively tumor’s location and its complete removal and reducing potential damages to healthy tissues surrounding it.
Nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in clinical practice: yesterday, today and tomorrow
Authors: Sergienko Vladimir B. , Ansheles Aleksei A.
Published: June 2021

Over the past 40 years, nuclear medicine has grown to be the largest non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic industry in the world, playing a pivotal role in various fields and disciplines of clinical practice and contributing to improved quality of life and patient prognosis. Over the first 20 years of the XXI century, the number of radionuclide procedures in the world has increased significantly, primarily due to innovations in radiopharmaceuticals, continuous improvement of the technical properties of equipment and the expansion of the boundaries of multimodal imaging. The review examines the historical and current trends in the development of nuclear medicine in the world and in Russia, including those related to radionuclide diagnostics, therapy and theranostics.
Clinical and angiopulmonographic association in pulmonary embolism
Authors: Mazur Evgeniy S. , Mazur Vera V. , Rabinovich Robert M. , Bachurina Mariya A.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To detect the effect of the feature of the pulmonary vascular obstruction on the clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism (PE).
Materials and methods. The 127 patients with PE were included in this study. PE verified with multidetector computed tomography with pulmonary angiography. Among them were 57 patients with high-risk PE, and 39 patients with intermediate-risk PE and 31 patients with low-risk PE. The pulmonary artery obstruction index and the obstruction level were determined.
Results. The mean values of the pulmonary artery obstruction index in high and intermediate risk patients were 42.5%, and in low risk patients 12.5% (p0.001). The trunk or main branches obstruction was in 80.7% of high-risk PE patients, the main or lobar branches obstruction in 92.3% of intermediate-risk patients and lobar or segmental branches obstruction in 93.5% of low-risk patients. Pulmonary infarction was detected in 89.2% of patients with the segmental branches obstruction and with another level of obstruction in 28.0% of patients only (p0.001).
Conclusion. The hemodynamic disorder in pulmonary embolism associate with the pulmonary artery obstruction index of more than 30%. The development of obstructive shock is associated with the pulmonary artery trunk obstruction, and the development of pulmonary infarction associated with the segmental branches obstruction.
The periprocedural myocardial infarction and probability of the developing of the contrast-induced acute kidneys injury in clinical practice. Case report
Authors: Dmitrieva Olga A. , Mironova Olga Yu. , Sivakova Olga A. , Denisova Anastasiia R. , Solnceva Tatiana D. , Fomin Victor V.
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, taking into account the number of elderly patients with sеveral associated diseases requiring percutaneous transluminal balloon coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the risk of the development of unwanted complications is also growing. In this article we present the clinical case, where the PTCA had complications with myocardial infarction of the 4a type without contrast-induced acute kidney injury (contrast-induced nephropathy).
Central hemodynamic monitoring in patients with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Syrkina Anna G. , Ryabov Vyacheslav V.
Published: June 2021

Cardiogenic shock is the pathology most commonly encountered by intensive care physicians. Its frequency averages 410% in STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction) patients and 24% in NONSTEMI (non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction) patients. Effective shock therapy is impossible without understanding the hemodynamic mechanisms of its occurrence. Many authors emphasize that cardiac output is the most important indicator of cardiac function, which necessitates its monitoring. Meanwhile, the cardiac output monitoring is associated with a number of difficulties, including those related to the technology of recording this function. In this article, the authors emphasize the importance of measuring central hemodynamic parameters in patients with predominantly cardiogenic shock. We have tried to structure the knowledge about different techniques of central hemodynamics monitoring, considered advantages and disadvantages of each of them. We believe that the data obtained by hemodynamic monitoring should be closely studied and used, because sometimes multidirectional mechanisms may be involved in the genesis of shock; therefore, therapy should be based on the data obtained in a particular patient.
Experience of the preventive use of the drug Riamilovir in the foci of coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Sabitov Alebay U. , Sorokin Pavel V. , Dashutina Svetlana Yu.
Published: June 2021

Aim. The assessment of the effectiveness, safety and tolerance of the drug Riamilovir for emergency drug prevention in the foci of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
Materials and methods. The trial included 113 persons aged 18 years and older who had level 1 contacts with patients with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), who had not previously been ill, with negative PCR results for COVID-19.
Results. The high effectiveness, safety and good tolerance of the preventive use of the drug Riamilovir for the period of 20 days of taking a prophylactic dose of 1 capsule (250 mg) per day in the foci of COVID-19 has been established.
Conclusion. The effectiveness and safety of the preventive use of the drug Riamilovir allow to recommend it for emergency drug prophylaxis in contact persons in the foci of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
Some features of the diagnostics of thrombophilia. Case report
Authors: Filev Andrei P. , Portyannikova Olesia O.
Published: June 2021

Differential diagnosis of causes of the pulmonary embolism in patients can be associated with certain difficulties and requires the exclusion of a wide range of diseases. There is a description of a clinical case of pulmonary embolism caused by verified thrombophilia. Features of tactics of management and treatment of the patient according to modern views are given.