bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A visualidade em “Rimbaud”, de Chacal: uma análise semiótica
Authors: Mirage Amanda Nakata
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho tem como proposta apresentar, a partir de uma análise do poema “Rimbaud”, de Chacal, uma reflexão a respeito da visualidade na poesia dentro do domínio da semiótica discursiva. Para isso, utilizaremos a proposição teórica e metodológica de Pondian descrita em “Gramática da poesia escrita: figuras retóricas”. Como resultado, identificamos os principais efeitos de sentido criados pela exploração de recursos no plano da expressão gráfico-visual do poema e a especificidade do destinatário da comunicação construído a partir disso. Ao final, destacamos a pertinência dos estudos relativos à visualidade na poesia, marcadamente a partir dos paradigmas colocados pelas vanguardas modernas, na passagem do século XIX para o XX, no campo da poesia.
Representações da mulher em dissertações argumentativas de concluintes da educação básica: a orquestração de vozes na construção do posicionamento axiológico
Authors: Dias Aline Milena Borges da Silva
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho objetiva analisar a orquestração de vozes sociais na construção de um posicionamento axiológico em relação à mulher em dissertações argumentativas de concluintes da educação básica. À vista disso, a fundamentação teórica baseia-se principalmente nos trabalhos de Bakhtin (1997; 2006), Faraco (2009), Fiorin (2011), Guariglia (2012), Polachini (2014) e Rodrigues e Rangel (2015). A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública da cidade de Recife (PE), onde foram coletadas 69 produções, das quais duas foram escolhidas pelo critério de Amostragem Aleatória Simples (AAS). Em ambas, a apropriação da voz alheia se deu de modo planejado e articulado ao propósito de contrapor-se ao pensamento machista sobre a mulher. Nesse sentido, constatou-se a ocorrência de formas do discurso marcado e do discurso bivocal, com a predominância daquelas.
Morphogenèse de la marque Jean Nouvel : l’exemple du Manifeste de la Louisiane
Authors: Marcos Isabel , Ferreira Ana
Published: May 2023

Cet article veut montrer la portée d’une question plus large: qu’est-ce que le Branding Territorial sous la perspective sémiotique ? et pourquoi cette question est importante pour nous, architectes. L’un des plus anciens leviers du Branding Territorial réside dans les Brand Architectes, plus communément appelés Star Architectes. Il semblerait que l’identité de leur marque, représentée par un nom propre (le sien), comme Jean Nouvel, Frank Gehry, Rem Koolhaas, entre autres, se confonde avec les valeurs qu’ils construisent dans leurs oeuvres. On voit qu’en général, le Brand Architecte organise sa marque autour d’un manifeste, ou, plusieurs manifestes qui sonnent le plus souvent comme une révolution et soulignent les valeurs qui le caractérisent, comme l’élément phare de la stratégie de chaque projet. Nous explorerons comment Jean Nouvel y parvient, à travers son Manifeste de la Louisiane. Nous analyserons le lien entre Praxis et Théorie comme composantes fondamentales de toute démarche architecturale, à partir de l’exemple du Manifeste de Nouvel appliqué au projet du Grand Pari(s) . Cet exemple nous conduira à l’étude de la rhétorique comme stratégie de la marque Jean Nouvel.
Notas sobre o papel do som imersivo no cinema contemporâneo
Authors: Carreiro Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em examinar o papel do som nas estratégias estilísticas de realizadores contemporâneos, interessados em ampliar o engajamento multissensorial de espectadores através de técnicas imersivas, uma tendência emergente no século XXI. O artigo parte de uma revisão conceitual da ideia de imersão no cinema, discute o potencial inato do dispositivo cinematográfico para a imersão, e analisa cenas de filmes dos últimos 50 anos, descrevendo e discutindo algumas das principais ferramentas estilísticas utilizadas por sound designers para construir ou reforçar o senso de imersão sensorial através do som.
Memórias, metáforas e imaginação em narrativas orais de história de vida
Authors: Heller Barbara , Neves Teresa Cristina da Costa , Perazzo Priscila Ferreira , Goulart Ana Paula
Published: May 2023

Discutimos o caráter imaginativo de narrativas de histórias de vida registradas por métodos como a História Oral, consideradas fontes de pesquisa acadêmica. Propomos as seguintes indagações: Como lidamos com a imaginação e com metáforas nas narrativas orais de histórias de vida? Como atendemos à demanda pela “verdade” em textos que ativam a subjetividade? Memórias individuais e subjetivas conferem cientificidade às narrativas? Situamos o problema da verdade, suas relações com a linguagem e com o conhecimento a partir de Friedrich Nietzsche e Mikhail Bakhtin. Articulamos revisão teórica e estudo de caso, considerando imagens mentais como mídias veiculadoras de memórias e, por isso mesmo, campo de estudos para a Comunicação e a História.
Imaginário do aborto e comunicação medial
Authors: Dravet Florence Marie
Published: May 2023

Este texto visa apresentar o aborto como uma experiência estética em que um fluxo de comunicação medial é interrompido. Para mostrar como a medialidade se dá no corpo feminino, buscamos as possíveis fontes do medo na quase ausência de representação mítica do aborto e recorremos ao conceito de “nobjetos” (sangue, sons, líquido amniótico) para identificar um tipo de relação entre mãe e feto em que ambos não se distinguem. Concluímos sobre o papel de conversor do corpo para se lidar com o sofrimento gerado pela ruptura do fluxo medial. Por fim, abrimos o texto para a necessidade de maior exploração do assunto, que constitui um interdito discursivo, todavia tolerado na maioria das sociedades tradicionais.
Notas sobre a (superestimada) interatividade tecnológica
Authors: Souza Patrícia Teles Sobreira de
Published: May 2023

O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a interatividade tecnológica na arte contemporânea. Para este fim, discorre sobre os modos de incorporação do espectador, com foco na superação da dicotomia entre observador passivo e interator ativo e da tendência em abordar a interatividade numérica como fenômeno disruptivo. Por último, fundamentado no trabalho do artista mexicano Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, o estudo identifica três modelos de resposta (output) visuais pautados em sistemas presenciais de feedback humano-máquina.
A estreia da arte brasileira na Exposição Internacional de Arte de Veneza (1950)
Authors: Roquetti Dunia
Published: May 2023

Após uma falida tentativa de estreia na 24ª Bienal de Veneza (1948), o Brasil fez seu debuto na 25ª edição (1950), sob gestão e financiamento de Francisco Matarazzo Sobrinho. Reconstruindo o percurso de afirmação de Matarazzo junto à entidade italiana e à luz dos registros históricos referentes à recepção deste debuto, este artigo examina o duplo lugar concedido à arte brasileira pela mídia internacional: um, repleto de descaso, ao reproduzir exaustivamente o texto do catálogo expositivo produzido pelos próprios brasileiros, ao posto de uma análise personificada e séria do conjunto; outro, propagador de estereótipos, como “espírito primitivo indígena”, “truculência popularesca”, “iconografia exótica e violenta” e “primitivismo selvagem”.
Parangolé again, meu irmão
Authors: Ramiro Mario
Published: May 2023

O artigo, que dá sequência a uma publicação anterior, faz parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla na qual procura-se destacar uma faceta da história da arte brasileira, considerando suas interações com a música, particularmente o samba e o rock – um campo de estudos que é parte do universo da chamada arte sonora, mas aqui focado nas produções de bandas de artista no Brasil e seu trânsito pelos circuitos da arte e da música. A formação das bandas de artista revela um aspecto vibrante da arte experimental brasileira, que incorpora não só os elementos musicais, mas o ruído, as locuções diversas, a paisagem sonora do tempo presente e a performance de não músicos.
Práticas tradutórias em TAVA: a associação de Libras, LSE, AD e audiolegendagem no vídeo de divulgação do XIV SEPESQ
Authors: Silva Manoela Cristina da , Jesus Manoela Nunes de , Soares Elaine Alves
Published: May 2023

Este artigo se constitui no relato de uma experiência formativa em Tradução Audiovisual Acessível (TAVA). O grupo de pesquisa Tradução e Acessibilidade (TrAce) produziu a legendagem para Surdos e ensurdecidos (LSE), a audiodescrição (AD) e a audiolegendagem do vídeo de divulgação do XIV Seminário de Pesquisa Estudantil em Letras (XIV SEPESQ), evento anual do Instituto de Letras da Universidade Federal da Bahia (ILUFBA). Durante o projeto, no entanto, o grupo enfrentou vários desafios, como, por exemplo, a tradução da Libras para o português, a AD de sinais com movimento, a sincronização das legendas com a sinalização em Libras, entre outros. A fim de superar esses obstáculos, recorreu-se a diferentes estratégias, incluindo a criação da AD a partir dos cinco parâmetros da Libras, a segmentação cuidadosa das legendas e a utilização de vários recursos de edição.
Atrial Dysfunction in Significant Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Phenotypes and Prognostic Implications
Authors: Cramariuc Dana , Alfraidi Hassan , Nagata Yasufumi , Levine Robert A. , van Kampen Antonia , Andrews Carl , Hung Judy
Published: May 2023

Background:

Atrial functional mitral regurgitation (AFMR) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Left atrial (LA) size and function in AFMR are poorly characterized. We aimed to assess LA function by reservoir strain (LASr) and estimated reservoir work (LAWr) and their impact on outcome in AFMR.

Methods:

Consecutive patients at our institution between 2001 and 2019 and with significant (moderate or greater) AFMR were examined. LAWr was estimated as LASr×LA reservoir volume, and patients were grouped by median LASr and LAWr. Outcomes were all-cause death or heart failure hospitalizations.

Results:

Five hundred fifteen AFMR patients were followed up for 5 (1–17) years. Patients had previously documented atrial fibrillation (AF; 37%), heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) without AF (24%), or both (HFpEF+AF, 39%). LA volume was largest in AF, while LA function parameters were most impaired in the combined HFpEF+AF group. During follow-up, patients with low LASr or LAWr had higher risk of death (
P
<0.001) and heart failure hospitalization (
P
<0.05). In Cox regression analyses, low LASr and LAWr, but not LA volume or left ventricular function, were associated with a higher risk of death (LASr: hazard ratio, 2.3 [95% CI, 1.6–3.5]; LAWr: hazard ratio, 3.4 [95% CI, 2.4–4.9]; both
P
<0.001) after adjustment for clinical and echocardiographic confounders. Low LASr and LAWr were strongest associated with death in HFpEF and HFpEF+AF.

Conclusions:

LA reservoir function but not LA size is a robust predictor of outcome in significant AFMR. This provides mechanistic insights into the interplay of functional versus geometric LA changes in AFMR.
Evidence‐Based Optimal Medical Therapy and Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Lee Kyusup , Han Seungbong , Lee Myunhee , Kim Dae‐Won , Kwon Jongbum , Park Gyung‐Min , Park Mahn‐Won
Published: May 2023

Background

The secondary prevention with pharmacologic therapy is essential for preventing recurrent cardiovascular events in patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction. Guideline‐based optimal medical therapy (OMT) for patients with acute myocardial infarction consists of antiplatelet therapy, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, β‐blockers, and statins. We aimed to determine the prescription rate of OMT use at discharge and to evaluate the impact of OMT on long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in the drug‐eluting stent era using nationwide cohort data.

Methods and Results

Using the National Health Insurance claims data in South Korea, patients with acute myocardial infarction who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with a drug‐eluting stent between July 2013 and June 2017 were enrolled. A total of 35 972 patients were classified into the OMT and non‐OMT groups according to the post–percutaneous coronary intervention discharge medication. The primary end point was all‐cause death, and the 2 groups were compared using a propensity‐score matching analysis. Fifty‐seven percent of patients were prescribed OMT at discharge. During the follow‐up period (median, 2.0 years [interquartile range, 1.1–3.2 years]), OMT was associated with a significant reduction in the all‐cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.76–0.90];
P
<0.001) and composite outcome of death or coronary revascularization (aHR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.85–0.93];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

OMT was prescribed at suboptimal rates in South Korea. However, our nationwide cohort study showed that OMT has a benefit for long‐term clinical outcomes on all‐cause mortality and composite outcome of death or coronary revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention in the drug‐eluting stent era.
Ethnic Variations in Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes From Newer Glucose‐Lowering Drugs: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Outcome Trials
Authors: Tang Huilin , Chen Weihan , Bian Jiang , O'Neal LaToya J. , Lackland Daniel T. , Schatz Desmond A. , Guo Jingchuan
Published: May 2023

Background

Hispanic populations are more likely to develop diabetes and its related diseases than non‐Hispanic White populations. Little evidence exists to support whether the cardiovascular and renal benefits of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists are generalizable to the Hispanic populations.

Methods and Results

We included the cardiovascular and renal outcome trials (up to March 2021) that reported the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure, and composite renal outcomes by ethnicity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), calculated pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs using fixed‐effects models, and tested the differences between Hispanic and non‐Hispanic populations (
P
for interaction [
P
interaction
]). In 3 sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor trials, there was a statistically significant difference between Hispanic (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.54–0.91]) and non‐Hispanic (HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.86–1.07]) groups in treatment effects on MACE risk (
P
interaction
=0.03), except for risks of cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure (
P
interaction
=0.46) and composite renal outcome (
P
interaction
=0.31). In 5 glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist trials, there was no statistically significant difference in treatment effect on MACE risk between Hispanic (HR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.70–0.96]) and non‐Hispanic (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.84–1.00]) populations (
P
interaction
=0.22). In 3 dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor trials, the HR for MACE risk appeared greater in Hispanic (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.98–1.35]) than non‐Hispanic (HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.88–1.04]) populations (
P
interaction
=0.045).

Conclusions

Compared with non‐Hispanic individuals, Hispanic individuals with T2D appeared to obtain a greater benefit of lowered MACE risk with sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Association Between Life's Simple 7 and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease: Aldosterone, Interleukin‐6, C‐Reactive Protein
Authors: Yuan Yan Emily , Haas Andrea V. , Williams Gordon H. , Taylor Herman , Seely Ellen W. , Adler Gail K.
Published: May 2023

Background

To promote ideal cardiovascular health, the American Heart Association recommends adhering to Life's Simple 7 (LS7)—achieving healthy targets for body mass index, physical activity, dietary intake, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, and cholesterol, along with smoking abstinence. Poorer achievement of LS7 (lower score) has been associated with the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, less is known about the associations between LS7 and specific biomarkers linked to cardiovascular health: aldosterone, CRP (C‐reactive protein), and IL‐6 (interleukin‐6).

Methods and Results

We analyzed 379 individuals (age 18–66 years) from the HyperPATH (International Hypertensive Pathotype), who were maintained on ≥200 mEq of sodium daily for 1 week. We calculated a 14‐point summative LS7 score according to participants' baseline data. Based on the range of LS7 score in this population (3–14), we classified participants as “inadequate” (3–6), “average” (7–10), and “optimal” (11–14). Regression analyses found that a higher LS7 score group was associated with lower levels of serum and urinary aldosterone (
P
trend
<0.001 and
P
trend
=0.001, respectively), lower plasma renin activity (
P
trend
<0.001), and a blunted increase in serum aldosterone with angiotensin II infusion (
P
trend
=0.023). Being in the “optimal” LS7 score group was associated with lower serum CRP (
P
trend
=0.001) and IL‐6 (
P
trend
=0.001).

Conclusions

A higher LS7 score was associated with a lower activity of the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system and lower levels of the inflammatory markers CRP and IL‐6. These findings offer a possible link between ideal cardiovascular health targets and biomarkers known to play a central role in the development of cardiovascular disease.
Reversibility of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Lesions in Patients With Ischemic Stroke in the WAKE-UP Trial
Authors: Scheldeman Lauranne , Wouters Anke , Bertels Jeroen , Dupont Patrick , Cheng Bastian , Ebinger Martin , Endres Matthias , Fiebach Jochen B. , Gerloff Christian , Muir Keith W. , Nighoghossian Norbert , Pedraza Salvador , Simonsen Claus Z. , Thijs Vincent , Thomalla Götz , Lemmens Robin
Published: May 2023

Background:

Reversibility of the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesion means that not all of the DWI lesion represents permanently injured tissue. We investigated DWI reversibility and the association with thrombolysis, reperfusion and functional outcome in patients from the WAKE-UP trial (Efficacy and Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Thrombolysis in Wake-Up Stroke).

Methods:

In this retrospective analysis of WAKE-UP, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) between September 2012 and June 2017 in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Spain and United Kingdom, a convolutional neural network segmented the DWI lesions (b=1000 s/mm
2
) at baseline and follow-up (24 hours). We calculated absolute and relative DWI reversibility in 2 ways: first, a volumetric (baseline volume−24-hour volume >0) and second, a voxel-based (part of baseline lesion not overlapping with 24-hour lesion) approach. We additionally defined relative voxel-based DWI-reversibility >50% to account for coregistration inaccuracies. We calculated the odds ratio for reversibility according to treatment arm. We analyzed the association of reversibility with excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1), in a multivariable model.

Results:

In 363 patients, the median DWI volume was 3 (1–10) mL at baseline and 6 (2–20) mL at follow-up. Volumetric DWI reversibility was present in 19% (69/363) with a median absolute reversible volume of 1 mL (0–2) or 28% (14–50) relatively. Voxel-based DWI reversibility was present in 358/363 (99%) with a median absolute volume of 1 mL (0–2), or 22% (9–38) relatively. In 18% of the patients (67/363), relative voxel-based DWI reversibility >50% was present. Volumetric DWI reversibility and relative voxel-based DWI reversibility >50% was more frequent in patients treated with alteplase versus placebo (OR, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.09–3.17] and OR, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.18–3.50], respectively). Relative voxel-based DWI reversibility >50% was associated with excellent functional outcome (OR, 2.30 [95% CI, 1.17–4.51]).

Conclusions:

Small absolute volumes of DWI reversibility were present in a large proportion of randomized patients in the WAKE-UP trial. Reversibility was more often present after thrombolysis.
Rise or Recede? How Climate Disasters Affect Armed Conflict Intensity
Authors: Ide Tobias
Published: May 2023

Disasters play a key role in debates about climate change, environmental stress, and security. A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) investigates how major climate-related disasters shape the dynamics of ongoing armed conflicts. Quantitative and qualitative data are presented for twenty-one cases across Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. After climate-related disasters, 29 percent of these armed conflicts escalated, 33 percent de-escalated, and 38 percent did not change. Furthermore, only countries highly vulnerable to disasters experienced changes in conflict dynamics. Armed conflicts tend to escalate when the disaster induces shifts in relative power, whereby one conflict party (usually the rebels) subsequently scales up its military efforts. But if at least one conflict party is weakened by a disaster and the other lacks the capability to exploit this change, armed conflict intensity declines. Findings provide empirical support for a proposed power differential mechanism connecting climate-related disasters to armed conflict dynamics via short-term shifts in power relations between the conflict parties. Climate change can also act as a threat reducer by temporarily causing lower conflict intensity.
Dealers and Brokers in Civil Wars: Why States Delegate Rebel Support to Conduit Countries
Authors: Karlén Niklas , Rauta Vladimir
Published: May 2023

External state support to non-state armed groups is commonly seen as a direct relationship between a state sponsor and a rebel group. But powerful states often use third-party states as conduits of military aid. These intermediary states are secondary, subordinate principals that are part of extended chains of “dual delegation.” Because intermediaries are likely to have their own separate agendas, powerful states often face a double principal-agent problem when providing material support to rebel groups. The difficulties and problems associated with controlling the agent are reflected in the relationship between the principal and the intermediary. States need to identify the alignment of interests at an early stage, or risk strategic failure. There are two ideal types of intermediaries—dealers and brokers. Case studies of the United States’ support to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan and to UNITA in Angola (channeled through Pakistan and Zaire, respectively) demonstrate that intermediaries affect the provision of external support. States engaging in counterterrorism need to look beyond sponsors of terrorism and explore the role of all states involved in the process of conflict delegation. That states use intermediaries when providing support to non-state armed groups indicates that holding states accountable for violating the nonintervention principle under international law should be reconsidered.
Listening to Yourself and Watching Your Tongue: Distinct Abilities and Brain Regions for Monitoring Semantic and Phonological Speech Errors
Authors: McCall Joshua D. , DeMarco Andrew T. , Mandal Ayan S. , Fama Mackenzie E. , van der Stelt Candace M. , Lacey Elizabeth H. , Laks Alycia B. , Snider Sarah F. , Friedman Rhonda B. , Turkeltaub Peter E.
Published: May 2023

Despite the many mistakes we make while speaking, people can effectively communicate because we monitor our speech errors. However, the cognitive abilities and brain structures that support speech error monitoring are unclear. There may be different abilities and brain regions that support monitoring phonological speech errors versus monitoring semantic speech errors. We investigated speech, language, and cognitive control abilities that relate to detecting phonological and semantic speech errors in 41 individuals with aphasia who underwent detailed cognitive testing. Then, we used support vector regression lesion symptom mapping to identify brain regions supporting detection of phonological versus semantic errors in a group of 76 individuals with aphasia. The results revealed that motor speech deficits as well as lesions to the ventral motor cortex were related to reduced detection of phonological errors relative to semantic errors. Detection of semantic errors selectively related to auditory word comprehension deficits. Across all error types, poor cognitive control related to reduced detection. We conclude that monitoring of phonological and semantic errors relies on distinct cognitive abilities and brain regions. Furthermore, we identified cognitive control as a shared cognitive basis for monitoring all types of speech errors. These findings refine and expand our understanding of the neurocognitive basis of speech error monitoring.
A French Manuscript on Trade and Diplomacy in Iran during the Zand Era
Authors: Preud’homme Nicolas J.
Published: May 2023

A highly interesting memoir about Iran, written by Jean-François-Xavier Rousseau (1738–1808), an agent of the French East India Company (Compagnie des Indes orientales) in Basra, apparently unpublished and unknown until now, covers the political situation of the late Zand period of the 1770s in an effort to promote French trade in the Persian Gulf. This text, entitled Situation actuelle du royaume de Perse (The Current Situation of the Kingdom of Persia), is a valuable document that sheds light on the French commercial strategy towards Iran and testifies to the social contacts between European merchants, diplomats, local rulers, and the Zand court in the eighteenth century.
Univerbation and prosodic change
Authors: Wandl Florian
Published: May 2023

This paper argues that the unexpected accentuation of the Slavic definite adjectives inflecting according to accent paradigms b and c can be convincingly explained by considering the relative chronology of the rise of the definite adjective and certain changes in the prosody of Slavic. It is supposed that the construction eventually becoming the definite adjective arose at a time when paradigmatic mobility had not yet developed in oxytone o- and ā-stem adjectives and when word-final vowels had not yet been shortened. Endings which were internalized due to the attachment of the enclitic definiteness marker, therefore, preserved their original prosodic features. Later accent retractions such as Dybo’s law and Ivšić’s law as well as paradigmatic leveling then resulted in the attested accentuation. As an exemplary case, the Slavic definite adjective accentuation is interesting for studying the prosodic development of word forms resulting from univerbation of two originally independent elements.
Functional Variation of German Also across Registers and Speaker Groups
Authors: Labrenz Annika
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the variation of the polyfunctional linguistic item also across registers and language contact settings. I present findings from a corpus study using the corpus of the Research Unit Emerging Grammars, RUEG for short (Wiese et al., 2019), which provides comparable, register-differentiated data of bilingual and monolingual speakers of German in Germany and bilingual heritage speakers of German in the US. The data suggest that functional variation of a specific lexical item reflects the use of functional features in specific communicative situations. The data further indicate an impact of the societal status that a language occupies in the larger society (majority vs. heritage language) on the distribution of such functions.
The ‘Bronze Age’ Concept and Nubia during the Second Millennium bce: Does One Size Fit All?
Authors: de Souza Aaron
Published: May 2023

This paper considers the extent to which ancient Nubian cultures might be considered ‘Bronze Age’ during the Second Millennium bce and questions the application of the term ‘Bronze Age’ to Middle Nubian cultures in some scholarly discourse. Using evidence from Nubian cemeteries and settlements in the Nile Valley, it is argued that while the Kerma culture and ancient Kush might be seen to participate in Bronze Age networks, other contemporaneous Nubian cultures did not directly participate. The author stresses the important of defining terminologies and a deeper consideration of Eurocentric perspectives when studying ancient northeast African cultures.
No longer in doubt: Discovery of a second specimen corroborates the validity of Anolis incredulus Garrido and Moreno 1998 (Reptilia, Iguania)
Authors: QUEIROZ KEVIN DE , HUIE JONATHAN M. , LANGAN ESTHER M.
Published: May 2023

The species Anolis incredulus was proposed based on a single, poorly preserved specimen from the Sierra Maestra (mountain range) of southeastern Cuba. As its name suggests, this species was considered likely to raise doubts when it was first proposed, and it has been explicitly treated by some recent authors as a species inquirenda (a species of doubtful identity). Here we report on a second specimen of Anolis incredulus discovered in the amphibian and reptile collection of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) that was collected more than 100 years before the holotype. We describe this specimen in detail and compare it both with the description of the holotype of A. incredulus and with presumed closely related Cuban species, providing evidence that it matches closely with the former and is distinct from the latter, thus corroborating the status of A. incredulus as a valid species. We also score and measure the specimen for sets of morphological characters to make inferences about its phylogenetic relationships and ecology (structural habitat use). Our results indicate that Anolis incredulus is likely a member of a clade of mostly Cuban twig-anole species and that it is a member of the twig ecomorph category, although its reported green coloration suggests either an erroneous ecomorph assignment or a difference in color from that of most other species of Cuban twig anoles.
The Chirostyloidea of the Northeastern Pacific: Host Associations, Range Extensions and a New Species (Decapoda: Anomura)
Authors: WICKSTEN MARY K. , CONWAY KEVIN W.
Published: May 2023

Four species of chirostyloid squat lobsters, including a new species and a range extension are reported herein from California. Uroptychus nicoleae sp.nov. was collected on a black coral, Lillipathes sp. off San Clemente Island. It is characterized by a rostrum bearing 1 or 2 lateral teeth, the carapace having 5 lateral spines and a belt of 15 spinules on the anterior dorsal surface, and the dactyls of pereopods 2–5 are curved and bearing a continuous row of 6–8 teeth. The new species is morphologically similar to U. bellus of the southwestern Pacific. The color in life is red and pink. Uroptychus occidentalis is reported for the first time off California. The chirostyloids Sternostylus iaspis and S. perarmatus, which also occur off California, are shown in video still images from a remotely operated vehicle. They inhabit antipatharians and soft corals (Primnoidae) and are easily distinguished from species of Uroptychus by their elongate chelipeds and spinose carapaces. We provide northern range extensions for Uroptychus bellus, Sternostylus defensus and Heteroptychus galapagos collected off Costa Rica.
Two new species of the genus Glenea Newman, 1842 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Saperdini) from Mindanao and Luzon Islands Philippines
Authors: MEDINA MILTON NORMAN , CABRAS ANALYN A. , DAM MATTHEW H. VAN
Published: May 2023

We describe and illustrate two new species of Glenea Newman, 1842 from the Philippines: G. barsevskisi sp. nov. and G. vitali sp. nov. Both species belong to the subgenus Glenea sçnsű strictô. At present, the total number of Glenea species in the Philippines is 89 (79 species and 10 subspecies).
Retailers’ perspectives on the prevention of underage tobacco and electronic nicotine delivery system sales
Authors: Jayawardene Wasantha , Parker Maria , Blume Catherine , McDaniel Justin , Agley Jon
Published: May 2023

Background:

Tobacco retailers have an important role to play in reducing access to tobacco among youth, but in the USA, their role has become more complicated because of recent developments in policies and industry, such as the Indiana Tobacco-21 law and the rising popularity of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) products. This study aimed to explore Indiana retailers’ knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to the prevention of underage sales of tobacco and ENDS products and identify retailers’ needs for further education and training.

Methods:

The study involved a secondary analysis of anonymous cross-sectional data from the 2020 Indiana Tobacco Compliance Survey conducted by the Indiana Division of Mental Health and Addiction (DMHA). Managers and owners of retail stores who sold tobacco or ENDS products (i.e., large corporate-owned stores and smaller venues such as tobacco shops, vapour shops, and convenience stores) were eligible for inclusion. Records of retailers’ tobacco certificates were utilised for random sampling. Subgroup comparisons were conducted using chi-square tests.

Results:

The survey sample ( n = 102) included participants from all 10 DMHA planning regions in Indiana and all types of tobacco retail stores. Many retailers did not know about or understand the negative impacts of ENDS products on young people or existing regulations to minimise these impacts and the Indiana State Tobacco-21 law. Retailers in larger stores had a greater objective knowledge and reported more frequent prevention programme utilisation than smaller stores (e.g., by means of ‘We Card’).

Conclusions:

Underage tobacco sale prevention procedures varied significantly, but resources such as ‘We Card’ and ‘This is Our Watch’ were more popular than alternatives. Retailers reported a need for more convenient education and training options on how to check photo identification and refuse sales to minors.
Effectiveness of a Postpartum Breastfeeding Protocol for Avoiding Pregnancy
Authors: Schneider Mary M. , Fehring Richard J. , Bouchard Thomas Paul
Published: May 2023

The uses of cervical mucus and basal body temperature as indicators of return to fertility postpartum have resulted in high unintended pregnancy rates. In 2013, a study found that when women used urine hormone signs in a postpartum/breastfeeding protocol this resulted in fewer pregnancies. To improve the original protocol's effectiveness, three revisions were made: (1) women were to increase the number of days tested with the Clearblue Fertility Monitor, (2) an optional second luteinizing hormone test could be done in the evening, and (3) instructions were given to manage the beginning of the fertile window for the first six cycles postpartum. The purpose of this study was to determine the correct and typical use effectiveness rates to avoid pregnancy in women who used a revised postpartum/breastfeeding protocol. A cohort review of an established data set from 207 postpartum breastfeeding women who used the protocol to avoid pregnancy was completed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Total pregnancy rates that included correct and incorrect use pregnancies were eighteen per one hundred women over twelve cycles of use. For the pregnancies that met a priori criteria, the correct use pregnancy rates were two per one hundred over twelve months and twelve cycles of use and typical use rates were four per one hundred women at twelve cycles of use. The protocol had fewer unplanned pregnancies than the original, however, the cost of the method increased.
High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training for Improving Physical Health in Elderly Women
Authors: Rohmansyah Nur Azis , Ka Praja Rian , Phanpheng Yanyong , Hiruntrakul Ashira
Published: May 2023

In elderly women, a lack of regular physical exercise may result in faster decreases in general health and functional performance. Although high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) have been effectively applied in young and clinical groups, there is no evidence to support their use in elderly women to achieve health benefits. Thus, the major goal of this study was to investigate how HIIT affected health-related outcomes in elderly women. Twenty-four inactive elderly women agreed to participate in the 16-week HIIT and MICT intervention. Body composition, insulin resistance, blood lipids, functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and quality of life were all measured before and after the intervention. The number of differences between groups was determined using Cohen’s effect sizes, and the pre-post intra-group changes were compared using paired t-tests. Using 2 × 2 ANOVA, the time × group interaction effects between HIIT and MICT were evaluated. Body fat percentage, sagittal abdominal diameter, waist circumference, and hip circumference all were improved significantly in the 2 groups. HIIT substantially improved fasting plasma glucose and cardiorespiratory fitness as compared to the MICT. HIIT improved the lipid profile and functional ability more significantly compared to the MICT group. These findings show that HIIT is a useful exercise for improving elderly women’s physical health.
Mechanism of transition between separated and non-separated oil-water flows in inclined pipe
Authors: Zhang Dailu , Zhang Hongbing , Ren Quan , Zhao Xiang
Published: May 2023

The analysis of drop formation and the transition between separated and non-separated oil–water flows enables us to better regulate flow parameters and pipe inclination angle, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency of oil transportation. Previous studies mainly carried out qualitative analysis through experiments and studied the transition between separated flows, very few studies are conducted on the transition between separated flow and dual continuous flow or intermittent flow. In addition, the influence of pipe inclination angle was not considered in the study of drop formation, which results in inadequate force analysis of drop. This article presents the use of dimensionless numbers to predict the transition between separated flow and dual continuous flow or intermittent flow. The relation expression between dimensionless numbers is obtained by regression of experimental data. The critical values of flow parameters and pipe inclination angle can be calculated by the relation expression between dimensionless numbers and flow parameters. In addition, this article proposes a three-dimensional interfacial wave shear deformation mechanism by adding volume forces to the force analysis for the possible inclined pipe. The prediction equation is obtained and the critical value of flow parameters and pipe inclination angle for drop formation can be calculated, which are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Lasting Declines in Couples’ Social Network Interactions in the First Years of COVID
Authors: Haggerty Benjamin B. , Kennedy David P. , Bradbury Thomas N. , Karney Benjamin R.
Published: May 2023

Since the onset of COVID-19, a rise in loneliness has raised concerns about the social impact of lockdowns and distancing mandates. Yet, to date, the effects of the pandemic on social networks have been studied only indirectly. To evaluate how the pandemic affected social networks, the current analyses analyzed five waves of detailed social network interviews conducted before and during the first 18 months of the pandemic in a sample especially vulnerable to contracting the virus: mostly non-White couples (243 husbands and 250 wives) recruited from lower income neighborhoods. Pre-COVID interviews asked spouses to name 24 individuals with whom they interact regularly. Post-COVID interviews indicated a nearly 50% decline in face-to-face interactions and a nearly 40% decline in virtual interactions, with little recovery over the first 18 months of the pandemic. Compared with less affluent couples, those with higher incomes maintained more of their network relationships, especially when virtual interactions were taken into account.
Influence of Hearing Loss on Social Participation in Older Adults: Results From a Scoping Review
Authors: Prieur Chaintré Agathe , Couturier Yves , Nguyen T.H. Trang , Levasseur Mélanie
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the influence of hearing loss on social participation in older adults and including its facilitators and barriers. Following the rigorous methodological framework of scoping studies, nine multidisciplinary databases were searched with 44 keywords. Published mainly in the last decade, 41 studies using primarily a quantitative cross-sectional design were selected. Older adults with hearing loss have been found to have difficulty maintaining relationships and social activities. While social support and engaged-coping strategies were major facilitators of social participation, barriers included greater hearing loss, communication difficulties, comorbidities and reduced mental health. To better promote the social participation of older adults, early detection of hearing loss, holistic assessment, and interprofessional collaboration must be considered. Future research is necessary to better address the stigma related to hearing loss in older adults and challenges of early detection, and to propose innovative solutions to develop interprofessional collaboration.
Population Innumeracy and Anti-Immigrant Violence: The Case of South Africa
Authors: Herda Daniel
Published: May 2023

Several studies find links between immigrant population innumeracy and anti-immigrant attitudes. It seems that when people over-estimate the size of foreign-born populations in their country, they also tend to be more hostile toward them. But can these inflated perceptions also result in anti-immigrant actions and behaviors, even acts of violence? The current study examines this question with data from the South African Social Attitudes Survey from 2019. The nation of South Africa stands as an outlier when it comes to acts of xenophobia. Harassment, violence, vigilantism, and riots targeting foreigners occur with frightening regularity. It is also a context where misperceptions about immigrants are pervasive. But can these help to explain South Africa's anti-immigrant violence? The current research examines the association between population innumeracy and respondents’ reports of having participated in violent, anti-immigrant behaviors. It tests two theoretical processes based on Intergroup Threat Theory and Fazio's Attitudes-to-Behavior Process Model. The results indicate that population innumeracy is extraordinarily high in South Africa, among the highest ever recorded. Further, these misperceptions are associated with both a greater likelihood of reporting violent action against immigrants and a greater willingness to engage in violence if one hasn’t already. This is particularly true among the most extreme over-estimators. The associations are robust to several controls and hold in two different innumeracy operationalizations. They are also not mediated by perceptions of threat. The findings mark the first time that literature has demonstrated a link between innumeracy and anti-immigrant actions, which has several implications for future research.
Integration Based on Socio-economic Status? Everyday Interactions and Boundary (Un)making Between Mainland Skilled Professionals and Locals in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Yao-Tai
Published: May 2023

Scholars and the Hong Kong government are concerned about the social, economic, and cultural integration of new mainland Chinese immigrants (NMCIs) into local society. Research on NMCIs’ integration difficulties in Hong Kong has largely focused on one-way permit-holder migrants from China — who are less skilled and face discrimination and problems with integration based on differences in human capital — while overlooking other NMCI groups, such as mainland skilled professionals (MSPs) who may have different social integration experiences and receive different treatment from locals. Drawing on interviews with 48 MSPs and local Hong Kongers, this article investigates three questions: (1) What do interactions between MSPs and locals look like in the workplace and other social settings? (2) Are specific stereotypes of the other group changed or reproduced through boundary-making/unmaking processes, and if so, how? (3) What kind of integration are MSPs pursuing, do they face barriers to their integration? If so, how do they react to the barriers? The findings contribute to international migration literature by highlighting that, with the decreasing need for migrants to integrate into the host society, the high socio-economic status of skilled migrants does not weaken their boundaries with locals but instead reinforces them. Socio-economic status, along with language, political/ethnic identity, and cultural differences, thus divides highly skilled migrants from mainland Chinese workers and local Hong Kongers.
Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leelakanok Nattawut , Petchsomrit Arpa , Janurai Thitapa , Saechan Charinrat , Sunsandee Niti
Published: May 2023

Background: Pineapple has an important role in ethnopharmacology and its enzyme, bromelain, has been extensively investigated for its medicinal properties. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess clinical evidence concerning the efficacy and safety of bromelain. Methods: A systematic search was conducted from conception to August 2022 using CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Thai Journal Online (TJO). The risk of bias was assessed using Risk of Bias 2 or ROBIN-I. A random-effect model with inverse variance weighting and DerSimonian and Laird method was used for meta-analysis. The heterogeneity was evaluated by I2 statistics. Results: We included 54 articles for qualitative summary and 39 articles for meta-analysis. The systematic review found that bromelain presented in serum with retained proteolytic activity after oral absorption. Bromelain may be effective against sinusitis but was not effective for cardiovascular diseases. Pain reduction from oral bromelain was slightly but significantly better than controls (mean difference in pain score = -0.27; 95% CI: −0.45, −0.08; n = 9; I2 = 29%). Adverse events included flatulence, nausea, and headache. Topical bromelain significantly reduced the time to complete debridement (mean difference in time = -6.89 days; 95% CI: −7.94, −5.83; n = 4; I2 = 2%). Adverse events may be irrelevant and include burning sensation, pain, fever, and sepsis. Conclusions: Moderate-quality studies demonstrated the potential of oral bromelain in pain control and topical bromelain in wound care. Major health risks were not reported during the treatment with bromelain.
Homophobic Hate Speech Affects Well-Being of Highly Identified LGBT People
Authors: Zochniak Kamila , Lewicka Oliwia , Wybrańska Zuzanna , Bilewicz Michał
Published: May 2023

Two experimental studies, performed in Italy and Poland, showed that exposure to homophobic hate speech reduces well-being among LGBT+ people, particularly among those who highly identify with the LGBT+ community. Study 1 showed that exposure to homophobic words increases negative mood among highly identifying LGBT+ people, but it does not influence the negative affect of loosely identifying participants. Study 2 showed that exposure to homophobic statements reduces general life satisfaction among highly identifying LGBT+ people, as opposed to low-identifiers.