bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abundant Precipitation in Qilian Mountains Generated from the Recycled Moisture over the Adjacent Arid Hexi Corridor, Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Zhihua , Zhao Qiudong , Zhang Shiqiang
Published: December 2021

The observed precipitation was suggestive of abundant precipitation in upstream Qilian mountains and low precipitation in the downstream oasis and desert in an endorheic basin. However, precipitation in mountains generated from the recycled moisture over oasis and desert areas has rarely been studied. The climatological patterns of water vapor from 1980 to 2017 in the Qilian Mountain Region (QMR) and Hexi Corridor Region (HCR) were investigated by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim reanalysis dataset and the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application, Version 2 reanalysis dataset. The results suggest that the precipitable water content decreases from the adjacent to the mountain areas. There are two channels that transport water vapor from the HCR to the QMR in the low troposphere (surface—600 hPa), suggesting that parts of recycled moisture generated from evapotranspiration over the oasis and desert of the HCR is transported to the QMR, contributing to the abundant precipitation in the QMR. This indicates that the transport mechanism is probably because of the “cold and wet island effect” of the cryosphere in QMR. This is likely one of the essential mechanisms of the water cycle in endorheic river basins, which has rarely been reported.
Right to Water and Courts in Brazil: How Do Brazilian Courts Rule When They Frame Water as a Right?
Authors: Côrtes Lara , Côrtes Ana
Published: December 2021

The international protection given to the right to water has increased over the last decades, with two United Nations’ resolutions establishing a freestanding right to water in 2010. Several countries have a right to water enshrined in their constitutions, while in other countries, this right has been recognised by the courts. This study aims to assess whether and how Brazilian courts are deciding water-related conflicts using the “right to water” frame, what the content given to this right is, and whose rights are protected. We created a comprehensive database of decisions issued by Brazilian courts at different levels containing the expression “right to water”. Our main findings are that the great majority of decisions are from lower courts and were issued on individual cases related to water supply. Further, we have seen that courts are frequently prohibiting the disconnection of water supply services when extreme vulnerability is argued. The same has been seen in other Latin American countries, such as Argentina, Colombia, and Costa Rica, with the one main difference that in these countries, the right to water has been carved out by the Constitutional Courts. The Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, which has the last word on the interpretation of the constitution, has not issued any decisions establishing a right to water, but there is legal mobilisation aiming for this and using UN resolutions as a key argument.
Removal of Cyanide and Other Nitrogen-Based Compounds from Gold Mine Effluents Using Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)
Authors: Kwofie Isaac Amoesih , Jogand Henri , De Ladurantaye-Noël Myriam , Dale Caroline
Published: December 2021

Mining operations generate effluents containing pollutants such as ammonia, nitrite and nitrate as a result of blasting operations. Cyanide compounds such as free cyanide, cyanate and thiocyanate are also present when cyanide is used in the gold recovery process. In most cases, mine effluent stored in the ponds eventually needs to be discharged to the environment; however, the levels of contaminants often exceed the discharge limits hence cannot be discharged without treatment. Several treatment solutions exist for the removal of nitrogen compounds and cyanide. Reverse osmosis is often perceived as a good solution as it produces an effluent of high quality. However, reverse osmosis also produces a brine which is recycled to the ponds, gradually increasing the total dissolved solids (TDS) in the ponds over time. Biological treatment offers an alternative to reverse osmosis with the added benefit that nitrogen compounds are fully converted to innocuous nitrogen gas, which is released to the atmosphere, thereby offering a more sustainable treatment solution. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR) have been used successfully at several mines. In Quebec, a two stage MBBR was installed to remove OCN, SCN and NH4-N from the effluent prior to discharge. The MBBR plant has been in operation for 4 years; operating data will be presented to show that a fully compliant non-toxic effluent is discharged under a wide range of operating conditions. In Ghana, pilot trials were conducted at a gold mine to demonstrate complete removal of nitrogen compounds including CN, NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N using a four- stage MBBR system. Results from both systems are presented.
Groundwater Flow Modeling: A Case Study of the Lower Rusizi Alluvial Plain Aquifer, North-Western Burundi
Authors: Ngenzebuhoro Pierre Claver , Dassargues Alain , Bahaj Tarik , Orban Philippe , Kacimi Ilias , Nahimana Louis
Published: December 2021

The study area, in northwestern Burundi, is an alluvial plain consisting of fine clayey sands and coarse sands with mixed lithology. The aquifer of the lower Rusizi plain could be considered as confined under a clay layer. A 2D horizontal groundwater flow model was developed under steady-state conditions using the Modflow software. The study aims to determine the most productive areas of this confined alluvial aquifer and the main aquifer inflow and outflow values together with the recharge and river–aquifer interactions. The groundwater potential is dependent on the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness values providing the local transmissivity values. The calibrated model made it possible to assess the spatial distribution of the hydraulic conductivity values at the regional scale, which ranged from 6 × 10−6 (contact between alluvial plain and Precambrian basement) to 7.5 × 10−3 m/s (coastal barriers). The results also provided the computed groundwater flow directions, and an estimation of the groundwater levels in areas not yet investigated by drilling. The results of the computed groundwater flow budget allowed us to deduce that recharge and river–aquifer interaction constitute the main inflow while the downwards boundaries (where piezometric heads could be prescribed) are the main zones where outflows occur. The results of this model can be used in the planning of pumping test programs, locating areas with high groundwater potential to plan water supply for different private and public users. This predictive tool will contribute to the resolution of problems related to the use and integrated management of the groundwater resource in this part of Burundi.
Responses of Macroinvertebrate Community Temporal Dissimilarity and Abundance to the Water Level Fluctuation Range in a Shallow Lake
Authors: Yan Shengjun , Sun Tao , Wang Xuan , Liu Dan , Zhang Yunlong , Yang Zhifeng
Published: December 2021

Variations in the hydrological regime are among the anthropogenic pressures affecting biological assemblage structure in shallow freshwater lakes. We estimated the effects of the water level fluctuation range on the temporal dissimilarity of the macroinvertebrate community by sampling benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages monthly in 2017 and bimonthly in 2018. Then, we applied a boosted regression trees (BRT) model to quantitatively analyzing the relationship between macroinvertebrate abundance and microhabitat factors in different seasons. To distinguish differences in water level fluctuations at the sample site scale, we proposed a variable, namely, the percentage of water level fluctuation range (PWLFR). The results were as follows. (1) An increased water level fluctuation range would lead to more temporally heterogeneous macroinvertebrate communities. Temporal dissimilarity of macroinvertebrates increased linearly in response to increasing water level fluctuation range. (2) Species abundance presented seasonal characteristics, and the dominant factors affecting species abundance varied with the seasons. PWLFR was the dominant variable explaining macroinvertebrate abundance in summer. Macroinvertebrate abundance showed positive effects with increasing PWLFR. (3) The interaction between chlorophyll a and PWLFR in summer promoted an increase in macroinvertebrate abundance. These findings may provide a basis for the formulation of effective ecological water replenishment management decisions aimed at maintaining the stability of shallow lake ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions.
Leishmania Infection during Chemotherapy in a Dog Diagnosed with Multicentric Large B-Cell Lymphoma—A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: De Feo Giulia , Simčič Petra , Lubas George , Papini Roberto Amerigo
Published: December 2021

Dogs with lymphoma are at risk of developing clinical complications due to immunosuppression and side effects of chemotherapy. Clinical reports of concurrent lymphoma and leishmaniasis are rare and confined to single cases of comorbidity at presentation. Herein, we describe a case of lymphoma during maintenance chemotherapy in which bone marrow cytology showed myelodysplasia associated with leishmaniasis. The dog was a seven-year-old intact female Parson Russel Terrier with a two-week history of generalized lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis of multicentric high-grade B-cell lymphoma stage Va was carried out with cytological and cytofluorimetric assays of external lymph nodes, abdominal ultrasound, chest radiology, and lymphoid blasts blood smear examination. The dog lived and had traveled in endemic areas of Leishmania with uninterrupted prevention against sand fly bites by an insecticide-impregnated collar and presented seronegativity to Leishmania at presentation. Chemotherapy for lymphoma was successful and the patient achieved complete remission. Approximately eight months after the diagnosis, a persistent pancytopenia was assessed. Unexpectedly, Leishmania amastigotes were identified in the bone marrow. Combined treatment rounds were administered with antileishmanial and antineoplastic drugs for approximately eight months. Eventually, lymphoma relapsed and became unresponsive to chemotherapy, and the dog was euthanatized. Canine lymphoma overlapping with subsequent Leishmania infection as a complication is rare and lacks specific clinical manifestations. A delayed diagnosis of leishmaniasis may occur. We suggest considering leishmaniasis as part of the differential diagnosis of persistent pancytopenia in dogs with lymphoma, particularly in dogs who reside or travel to endemic areas, when treatment fails or abnormal laboratory findings are present.
Organization of accounting of costs for the production of agricultural products in budgetary institutions
Authors: Kruglyak Z. I.
Published: December 2021

The article provides recommendations on the organization of accounting for the costs of production and processing of agricultural products in budgetary institutions. The proposed composition of direct costs, overhead and general economic expenses, the frequency and methods of their distribution are based on the compilation of the requirements of federal standards for public sector organizations and industry methodological recommendations. Minimizing the composition of general economic distributable expenses that are not controlled by the managers of the cost centers of the crop, livestock and processing industries will allow using accounting information for the purpose of controlling and managing costs for the responsibility centers.
Apropriação Social nos Parques Urbanos e Naturais em Sorocaba (SP)
Authors: Kachinski Kleber Vinícius Barros , Santos Maria Helena Mattos Barbosa dos , Cardoso-Leite Eliana
Published: December 2021

Para conservar a natureza e garantir o uso pelas populações é essencial a existência de programas de uso público dos parques urbanos e parques naturais municipais. Para elaboração destes programas é fundamental considerar as características locais, garantindo o acesso a programas de educação não formal e de uso público de espaços públicos, mas também fomentar práticas culturais e lazer nestes espaços. Os espaços públicos  são fundamentais para as cidades mais vivas, seguras, sustentáveis e saudáveis. Este trabalho aborda os parques em ambiente urbano, buscando analisar a distribuição destas áreas na cidade de Sorocaba e como se dá o uso do espaço público pela população, por meio de práticas recreativas e de lazer. O estudo de caráter exploratório, descritivo, pautado em abordagem qualitativa-quantitava, foi realizado por meio da combinação da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e da pesquisa de campo, balizada por observação sistemática (protocolo de observação) e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com os usuários dos parques urbanos e parques naturais municipais do município. Estas pesquisas foram realizadas em 8 parques da cidade.Os resultados apontam que há disparidades na oferta de serviços com relação à política de atividades e ao quesito segurança, bem como demanda por melhorias da infraestrutura e paisagismo ambiental. Os parques, são utilizados para a prática de esportes, para o descanso, encontro com amigos, passeios com crianças e contemplação da natureza. Há em Sorocaba parques em piores condições que acabam sendo subutilizados em detrimento de parques mais bem localizados e com maior concentração de renda no entorno. Os resultados suportam ações para uma intervenção mais assertiva das instituições, no que se refere à devida valorização das atividades de cultura e lazer, inclusive àquelas destinadas ao fomento da preservação e conservação ambiental.
Sustentabilidade na gestão de resíduos sólidos: um estudo de caso em Pinheiros (ES)
Authors: Almeida Israel Francisco Petronetto de , Silva José Geraldo Ferreira da
Published: December 2021

A quantidade de resíduos sólidos descartada pela população avoluma gradativamente, sendo um entrave para os gestores municipais. Um caminho exequível é a coleta dos resíduos sólidos pelos catadores de maneira sistematizada para a reciclagem. Objetivou-se avaliar a contribuição da associação de catadores de recicláveis na Educação Ambiental dos cidadãos do município de Pinheiros (ES). Em relação à metodologia utilizou-se a pesquisa descritiva e pesquisa de campo, a técnica de observação direta e entrevistas, com os associados da associação de catadores de recicláveis, bem como a população do município. Conclui-se que entre os associados o relacionamento interpessoal não é harmonioso, no que tange à população o trabalho desenvolvido pela associação de sensibilização não tem logrado êxito, sendo inescusável repensar formas de Educação Ambiental.
Projeto Ambientar-se: um caminho para a Educação Ambiental a partir do ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Alves Ana Gabriela Tomé , Aquino Guilherme Souza de , Bertolino Sueli Moura , Canobre Sheila Cristina , Amaral Fábio Augusto do
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre o trabalho desenvolvido pelo projeto “Ambientar-se”, que teve como objetivo propiciar a Educação Ambiental a partir da ótica do princípio indissociável, ensino, pesquisa e extensão, para alunos do ensino médio de escolas estaduais na cidade de Uberlândia. Por meio dessa tríade, o projeto possibilitou o desenvolvimento tecnológico e científico, instigando o senso crítico e promovendo a integração entre discentes, docentes e comunidade externa à instituição realizadora. O projeto proporcionou três tipos de saberes: a) o fomento do conhecimento acerca dos impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos em torno das temáticas selecionados para discussões; b) o desenvolvimento de tecnologias ambientais; c) o conhecimento por partes dos alunos das escolas estaduais acerca dos temas abordados.
Revisão analítica dos desafios da Educação Ambiental no âmbito escolar em documentos oficiais e artigos relacionados
Authors: Carvalho Maria Betânia da Silva , Oliveira Vilma Bragas de
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo aborda os desafios para a práxis pedagógica da Educação Ambiental, e destaca a discussão em volta da EA não ser uma disciplina específica, dada a sua importância como agente transformador, pois ela compõe o grupo dos temas transversais conforme os PCNs. Com isso, é necessário superar os desafios que a prática da EA apresenta, buscando por caminhos teórico-metodológicos que promovam uma prática que envolva todo o caráter da EA por meio de metodologias que desencadeiam uma postura interdisciplinar, crítica, reflexiva, participativa, transversal e emancipatória como afirma: REIGOTA (1994), SATO (2002), SAUVÉ (2005), e DIMAS (2021) e em documento oficiais como a BNCC, os PCN, as DCN e a PNEA.
Preservação e Educação Ambiental na perspectiva de uma comunidade universitária
Authors: Almeida Sara Barroso de Oliveira , Di Souza Luiz , Caldeira Vinícius Patrício da Silva
Published: December 2021

Conhecer a percepção ambiental da sociedade é estratégico para melhorar a relação homem-natureza. Assim, objetivamos investigar a percepção da comunidade acadêmica da UERN, em Mossoró (RN), sobre a preservação do meio ambiente e a Educação Ambiental (EA). Submeteram-se 373 discentes, 48 docentes e 75 servidores a um questionário eletrônico autoaplicável, com dados analisados pelo teste T de student. A maioria reconheceu a importância da preservação ambiental e a urgência em defendê-la e demonstrou boa aceitação em relação às ações de EA. Porém, a concretização desta percepção é essencial à preservação ambiental.
Perceptions about marine environmental issues by citizens who are mostly from Minas Gerais state (Brazil)
Authors: Simas Fellipe Dias Tavares de , Leite Eugênio Batista
Published: December 2021

Despite the marine ecosystems’ importance, the anthropogenic actions have been impacting these environments negatively. However, these impacts could be mitigated through Environmental Education (EE), which is able to change behaviors that are harmful to the environment. This study aimed to describe environmental perception of the majority population in Minas Gerais state, in order to provide subsidies for marine environmental education's promotion. The methodology adopted was through questionnaire's application via Google forms. The studied subjects totaled 122 people over 18 years old, although they had conceptual domain, they showed an utilitarian tendency about marine resources.
Inserción y deserción de la dramaturgia ibseniana en Buenos Aires (c. 1890-1930)
Authors: Forgnone Juan Cruz
Published: December 2021

La llegada de la dramaturgia de Henrik Ibsen a Buenos Aires ocurrió en la década de 1890, mucho antes del surgimiento de la actuación realista en Argentina. A pesar de ello, el realismo ibseniano tuvo altos niveles de circulación y productividad en la escena local decimonónica y su importación colaboró en los procesos de consolidación de esta poética dentro del campo teatral. La trayectoria propulsiva de este repertorio estuvo disociada de los intereses que suscitó la obra tardorromántica del autor dentro del campo literario y la prensa liberal finisecular. La temprana divulgación de títulos fantásticos y dramas históricos en medios de gran tirada convivió con un panorama de escasa programación en los escenarios. La constitución de un verdadero “gusto realista” en el público porteño profundizó la relegación de aquel repertorio durante el siglo XX.
Análisis de las políticas públicas y los debates en relación a las salas teatrales de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires durante la pandemia
Authors: Heger Lautaro
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo propone reflexionar sobre las medidas desplegadas por el gobierno argentino y de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19, destinadas a la reactivación de las salas teatrales. Se analizarán las diversas formas de incidencia que tuvieron distintos actores pertenecientes al campo teatral, con especial atención en los productores y empresarios pertenecientes al circuito comercial y el circuito independiente, con el fin de garantizar, entre otras acciones, ayudas como el otorgamiento de subsidios, asistencia al pago de salarios y la posibilidad de apertura y realización de funciones.
Dramaturgia bonaerense de postdictadura.
Authors: Martín Daniela
Published: December 2021

Dramaturgia bonaerense de postdictadura. 30 años. Una antología crítica, compilada por Julia Lavatelli, es el resultado de la investigación que tanto la Biblioteca de Dramaturgias de Provincias de CID, en Tandil (Centro de Investigaciones Dramáticas de la Facultad de Arte, UNICEN) y DOC/SUR, en Adrogué (Centro de Documentación del Teatro del Conurbano Sur), llevaron adelante durante el período 2008-2010, a través de un plan del Instituto Nacional del Teatro. Se compilan 10 obras de diferentes autores/as de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, así como estudios críticos que realizan un aporte para la construcción del mapa teórico-escénico de este amplio territorio.
Un nitrato argentino: el "Pericón Nacional" (c.1906). Documentar para la construcción de una identidad nacional
Authors: Gómez Gauna Laura
Published: December 2021

En este artículo analizaremos el contenido de uno de los pocos documentos de la primera mitad del siglo XX en soporte nitrato que se conservan en Argentina: el filme silente Pericón Nacional. Nos ubicamos en los comienzos de la historia del cine argentino y de las tecnologías cinematográficas con que se contaban a principios del siglo XX. Se trata de un caso de estudio que contempla una aproximación a la interpretación de las fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias, algo inusual para la investigación de este período, caracterizado por una enorme pérdida debido a la fragilidad que atraviesa el soporte, el contenido y la interpretación. Nos proponemos abordar este documento desde la óptica de la construcción de la memoria y la identidad nacional, considerando el contexto de crisis identitaria que atravesaba Argentina en esa época como consecuencia de la gran inmigración, mayoritariamente de composición italiana y española, y pensando el film como un instrumento de expansión y difusión de ideas políticas y culturales.
La construcción del silencio
Authors: Larre Borges Ana Inés
Published: December 2021

Amparada, seducida y acaso inducida, incluso, por la fuerza del mito que rodea a la poeta de Nocturnos y Poemas de amor, la crítica ha reparado últimamente en la construcción de una figura de autor que se funda en su escritura íntima –diarios, correspondencia– tanto como en sus poemas. Este artículo busca atender a esa otra gran construcción de Idea Vilariño que ha sido la de su obra a través de una personalísima forma de editar. Busca recorrer el itinerario de sus publicaciones a la luz de la composición de los sucesivos títulos, de todo lo que no entró en su Poesía completa y hoy revela su archivo, de su pasión por las antologías y de la exploración de los motivos y las ideas que hubo detrás de esa tenaz y deliberada arquitectura de sentido.
La forma de las ruinas de Juan Gabriel Vásquez: la lucha imaginaria por el legado
Authors: Delgado Hoover
Published: December 2021

La forma de las ruinas, de Juan Gabriel Vásquez, permite preguntarnos cómo la novela histórica colombiana de la última década aporta claves para la comprensión de la memoria colectiva y la historia de Colombia y, de paso, contribuye a la discusión sobre la concepción de tal género novelesco. Para esclarecer lo primero, acude a una vasta gama de recursos literarios mediante los cuales reconstruye el concepto de “herencia” (biológica, sociopolítica, histórica, cultural), y expone las tensiones discursivas que han dado forma a la memoria histórica colombiana. Para lo segundo, redefine la frontera entre literatura e historia, y se plantea en situación de incomodidad frente a cada uno de los campos que componen el oxímoron novela histórica.
Late hyponatremia: its risk factors in preterm infants and short-term outcome
Authors: Gharehbaghi Manizheh , Yegane Dust Sadollah , Naseri Elmira
Published: December 2021

Background. Prematurity is one of the major health problems and common causes of neonatal mortality. One of the complications of premature infants is hyponatremia. The effect of hyponatremia on the prognosis of preterm infants has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate infants with late hyponatremia, its risk factors, and prognosis. Methods. This descriptive analytical study reviewed preterm infants (<34 weeks) admitted to Al-Zahra or Children’s Hospital in Tabriz for one year (2019). Neonates diagnosed with hyponatremia after the second week were identified and evaluated for risk factors and short-term outcome. Results. A total of 186 neonates were studied. The mean gestational age of the neonates was 30 weeks (first and third quarters = 29-32 weeks). 101 (54.3%) infants were male. The route of delivery was the cesarean section in 60.7% of cases. Late hyponatremia was present in 50 (26.8 %) infants. Gestational age and birth weight were significantly lower in infants with hyponatremia than in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that low birth weight, the use of prenatal steroids, and inappropriate weight for gestational age status independently predict the incidence of late hyponatremia. There was a significant relationship between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia (over 7 days) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity. However, no significant association was found between the presence of prolonged late hyponatremia in preterm infants with the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Conclusion. Based on the findings of this study, low birth weight, prenatal steroid use, and lack of appropriate weight for gestational age were risk factors for late hyponatremia in preterm infants. Prolonged hyponatremia is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and osteopenia of prematurity
The effect of continuous aerobic exercise on serum angiogenic and angiostatic factors in induction model of acute myocardial infarction male rats with coronary artery disease
Authors: Dehghan Elham , Ravasi Aliasghar , Nouri Reza , Gaeini Abbasali , Nekooei Maryam , Delavari Mohammadamin , Khorsandi Kolur Masoud
Published: December 2021

Background. Aerobic training somewhat corrects endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the most effective form of exercise is still unclear; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of continuous aerobic exercise on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenic factor and endostatin (ES) as an angiostatic factor in male rats with coronary artery disease. Methods. The subjects of the present experimental study were 30 healthy male 2-months old Wistar rats divided into three groups: the experimental group, the control group with coronary artery disease, and the healthy control group. After rupturing 20 of the rats by isoproterenol, 10 rats in the experimental group performed eight weeks of continuous aerobic exercise on a treadmill, with an incremental intensity of 50% in the first session to 78% in the last session, whereas both control groups did not exercise. Seventy-two hours after the final training session, blood samples were taken for serum VEGF and ES indices, and one-way ANOVA with Scheffer posthoc tests was used to compare the mean of variables among the studied groups. Results. The results showed that discontinuous aerobic exercise could increase the blood VEGF in rats with coronary artery disease (P≤0.01), while there was no difference in the level of endostatin in the experimental group compared with control groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. It seems that continuous aerobic exercises can be used in the rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease and might be effective in the process of angiogenesis.
SHOCK-WAVE INITIATION OF SYNTHESIS IN NI-AL POWDER MIXTURE INSIDE TITANIUM MATRIX
Authors: Malakhov A. Yu. , Saikov I. V. , Denisov I. V. , Seropyan S. A.
Published: December 2021

This study presents the results of studying the effect of shock-wave loading on the initiation of synthesis in Ni-Al powder mixture inside titanium matrix. X-ray phase analysis (XRD) and measurement of the microhardness of the intermetallic layer showed that this layer consists of a monophase product NiAl, which is formed directly during explosive loading at a given impact velocity of the plate. Thus, the use of shock-wave loading made it possible to obtain a layered material with a strengthening intermetallic layer. The results obtained are promising for the development of new structural materials with special performance properties.
MEASURING THE PRE-HEATING TEMPERATURE OF THE PLATES SURFACE WITH IMPACT GAS IN THE WELDING GAP DURING EXPLOSION WELDING
Authors: Khaustov S. V. , Pai V. V. , Lukyanov Ya. L. , Kuz’min S. V. , Lysak V. I. , Andresyan A. M.
Published: December 2021

A technique for measuring the heat flux from the shock-compressed gas in front of the point of contact to the surface of the colliding plates has been developed. The experimental values of the heat flux are obtained, which are in satisfactory agreement with theoretical calculations. For the first time experimentally proved a significant effect of preheating of plates before collision for various materials. The effect consists in heating the surface of the plates, depending on their dimensions and properties, up to 1000 ° C and above.
Scilla bifolia L. (Orman Sümbülü) Bitki Kısımlarının Antioksidan Aktivitesinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖĞRETMEN Özen Yusuf
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma Trabzon ilinin Tonya ilçesine bağlı yaklaşık 1300m rakıma sahip Kadıralak yaylasında yetişen Orman sümbülü (Scilla bifolia L) bitkisinin farklı kısımlarının (skapus, yaprak, çiçek, bulb) antioksidan aktivitesini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Bitki kısımlarının antioksidan aktiviteleri 2,2-difenil-1-pikrihidrazil (DPPH) radikali süpürücü aktivitesi ve troloks eşdeğeri antioksidan kapasitesi (TEAK) yöntemleri kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre DPPH radikal süpürme aktivitesi ve TEAK skapus>yaprak>çiçek>bulb şeklinde sıralanmış olup, DPPH değerleri sırasıyla %94,20, %92,65, %87,41, %32,01, TEAK miktarları ise sırasıyla 9,32 μmol troloks/g, 9,17 μmol troloks/g, 8,64 μmol troloks/g ve 2,59 μmol troloks/g olarak tespit edilmiştir. Hem DPPH hem de TEAK yönetiminde elde edilen sonuçlar kendi arasında değerlendirildiğinde istatistiksel olarak farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Elde edilen sonuçlar neticesinde Scilla bifolia L bitkisinin özellikle skapus ve yaprak kısımlarının önemli derecede antioksidan aktiviteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Dispositivos tecnológicos: uso académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Lliguisupa Pástor Dora Marcela , Bonilla María de los Ángeles , Cárdenas Benavides Jonathan Patricio
Published: December 2021

El estudio busco expresar un caso práctico sobre la frecuencia de los dispositivos tecnológicos, con el objetivo de conocer brevemente el uso de dispositivos tecnológicos según las carreras de educación básica y educación inicial según el género. El estudio fue descriptivo con un enfoque cualitativo y con un corte transversal, además, por medio de un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia se selecciono a 227 estudiantes universitarios y se aplicó un cuestionario para conocer la frecuencia del uso de dispositivos tecnológicos según la carrera. Respecto al uso de dispositivos digitales entre las carreras de educación básica (EB) y educación inicial (EI), se puedo ver que hay mayor frecuencia en la respuesta de “la mayoría de las veces” en EB en hombres (26) seguido del mismo grupo en mujeres (34) ante la misma respuesta. Se concluyó que la tecnología está transformando la educación, cambiando la forma, el momento y el lugar dónde aprenden los estudiantes, se ha convertido en una parte integral de la sociedad, el uso de los dispositivos tecnológicos puede marcar una gran diferencia en la educación.
La rigidez constitucional ante la enmienda en Ecuador
Authors: Yánez Olalla Telmo Elías , Chacón Abarca María Concepción , Bonilla Alarcón Luís Alfonso
Published: December 2021

Durante los últimos años, en el país se han activado diferentes procesos de reforma constitucional encaminados a instituir la reelección presidencial indefinida, permitiendo con dicha acción que una misma persona postule a la presidencia de la república sin restricción alguna y es ahí donde han surgido una serie de inconvenientes pues de acuerdo a la Constitución existen dos procedimientos de reforma, la primera y quizá la más democrática en la cual los actores principales son los ciudadanos pues a través de un referéndum aprueban o rechazan su realización. Mientras que, una segunda opción recae en la iniciativa de los miembros de la Asamblea Nacional, la cual rompe el principio de rigidez constitucional y vulnera directamente la democracia como sistema de gobierno y de participación. Con estos antecedentes, el objetivo del estudio se centra en demostrar que la aplicación de una enmienda vulnera los derechos ciudadanos, para lo cual fue necesario analizar casos específicos suscitados en el país. En tal virtud, la metodología utilizada se centra en un enfoque cualitativo de orden bibliográfico. Dentro del análisis se tomaron en consideración las propuestas de Rafael Correa y Lenin Moreno, el primero que a través de una enmienda constitucional buscó la reelección indefinida, mientras que el segundo a través de un referéndum buscó eliminar dicha reforma. En base a lo expuesto, se puede concluir que, los cambios al texto constitucional siempre intentan beneficiar a los grupos políticos predominantes en lugar de proteger los derechos constitucionalizados de los ciudadanos, siendo este comportamiento el que termina alterando la estabilidad de la democracia.
Estrategia de transformación digital para fortalecer el desempeño docente
Authors: Sánchez Soto Maya Aracely , Camacho Tovar Gina Lorena , Guerrero Haro Edgar Stalyn , Galarza Ramírez Cruz Maribel
Published: December 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo proponer estrategias de transformación digital para fortalecer el desempeño docente para establecer beneficios de su uso en los procesos educativos. La metodología aplicada se basó en el enfoque mixto; por el propósito el tipo de investigación fue aplicada, por el alcance descriptivo y explicativo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 312 miembros de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, incluidos docentes y estudiantes, la muestra se determinó por un muestro no probabilístico por conveniencia, en donde, se trabajó con 172 sujetos y los datos se recolectaron por medio de la encuesta. Los resultados de la investigación evidenciaron que la transformación digital y la revolución digital tienen un valor significativo y este es de 0.000 < 0.05, lo que determina que la transformación digital se relaciona significativamente con el desempeño docente. Se concluye que las estrategias transformación digital a través del uso de tecnologías como el internet, los recursos y los avances tecnológicos en la era digital facilitan los procesos de aprendizajes, haciéndolos más activos y al relacionarse significativamente con el desempeño del docente beneficiando los procesos educativos con la mejora el flujo de información.
Pronouncing Inert Letters: What can we learn from undergraduate EFL students?
Authors: Sayekti Rahma Agung Suci , Hardiah Mei , Lubis Azhar Aziz
Published: December 2021

English Education students are prepared to be English teachers as one of the sources in learning activity. However, the students still mispronounced some words including ones which contain inert letters. This study aimed to find out the most frequent errors made by the English Education Students in pronouncing inert letters and the factors of the inert letters’ pronunciation errors. This study was a descriptive study which applied quantitative and qualitative approaches. The subjects of this study were 25 students of the English Education Study Program at Universitas Bengkulu. This study used recording, observation checklist, and interview as the instruments. Recording and observation checklists were used to gather subjects’ pronunciation. In order to find the factors of the pronunciation errors, an interview was conducted.  The pronunciation was analysed by using pronunciation checkers, Voice Notebook and Audacity. The interview results were analysed based on factors of pronunciation accuracy. The results showed that the most frequent errors of inert letters pronunciation made by the subjects were sounded inert letter /d/ of /-nd/ by 94% and silent inert letter /a/ of /-cal-/ by 88%. The interview generated some data which shows that the factors of subjects’ pronunciation errors were native language, age, and amount of exposure to English.
Figurative Language in Students’ English Book
Authors: Minda Sri
Published: December 2021

This research was carried out to investigate the types of figurative language found in reading texts at grade X students’ book, the dominant type of figurative language and to find out the students’ difficulties in understanding the figurative language. The design of the research was qualitative in which content analysis research was conducted. The source of the data was high school students’ English textbook in Padangsidimpuan. The instrument to collect the data was content analysis checklist, test and interview. Some of the students were interviewed by the researcher to know their responses on the use of figurative language. The data was analyzed based on three theories proposed by Keraf. The findings of this research are: there are 6 types of figurative language in English reading text at grade X students’ book. They are personification, hyperbole, metonymy, euphemism, antithesis, and repetition, the dominant types found in this text are personification; and the students’ difficulties in understanding the language are lacking of the linguistic knowledge that is semantic meaning and lacking of socio-cultural understanding in the phrases and sentences.
PENGARUH ETIKA PROFESI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN ETIS KONSULTAN PAJAK DI SURABAYA
Authors: Sundari Rima , Juwita Rukmi , Casmadi Y. , Syafrizal Arief
Published: December 2021

Konsultan Pajak ialah orang/badan yang memberikan jasa konsultasi perpajakan kepada wajib pajak dalam rangka memenuhi kewajiban serta hak perpajakan nya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh etika profesi dan kompetensi terhadap pengambilan keputusan etis secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena adanya penyimpangan atau fraud dari konsultan pajak. Metode penelitian ini kuantitatif asosiatif dengan pengambilan sampe simple random sampling. Populasinya merupakan konsultan pajak di Surabaya. Alat analisis yang digunakan uji normalitas, validitas, relibilitas, uji t, uji f korelasi product moment, korelasi berganda, koefisien determinasi dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menyatakan etika profesi memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap pengambilan keputusan etis konsultan pajak di Surabaya. Kompetensi  memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap pengambilan keputusan etis konsultan pajak di Surabaya. Etika Profesi dan Kompetensi memiliki pengaruh secara simultan terhadap pengambilan keputusan etis konsultan pajak di Surabaya.”
PENGARUH DIREKTUR PEREMPUAN TERHADAP KINERJA BANK SYARIAH: STUDI PADA PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Rani Putri Kusuma , Wulan Elis Ratna , Mayanti Yuni
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini berusaha untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh keberadaan direktur perempuan yang diproksikan oleh keberagaman gender terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Objek penelitian yaitu perbankan syariah di Indonesia yang berjumlah 14 (empat belas). Data dihimpun dari tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2019 sehingga terkumpul data unbalanced panel sebanyak 127 observasi. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linear sederhana dengan menggunakan alat bantu Eviews 11 SV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberagaman gender tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja yang diproksikan Return on Assets (ROA) maupun Retur on Equity (ROE).
PERANCANGAN SISTEM TATA UDAR PADA INSTALASI RUANG FARMASI RSAB HARAPAN KITA JAKARTA
Authors: Markus  , Firman Imam
Published: December 2021

Perancangan sistem tata udara untuk ruang bersih farmasi di Indonesia mengacu pada standar yang diterbitkan oleh Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan nomor 34 th. 2018 tentang Pedoman cara Pembuatan Obat yang Baik. Parameter-parameter yang harus memenuhi standar diantaranya adalah temperatur, kelembaban udara relatif, jumlah partikel per m3 udara dan air change per hour. Dalam perancangan ruang zona steril kelas B RSAB Harapan Kita, akan dilakukan perhitungan beban kalor ruangan yang dikondisikan. Standar ruang bersih kelas B adalah: jangkauan temperatur 16 oC s/d 26 oC, kelembaban relatif 45 % s/d 55 %, pertukaran udara minimal 20 kali per jam. Untuk kondisi nonoperasional jumlah maksimum partikel per m3 udara yang diperbolehkan untuk ukuran partikel > 0,5 µm adalah 3520 partikel dan untuk ukuran partikel > 5 µm adalah 29 partikel, sedangkan untuk kondisi operasional jumlah maksimum partikel per m3 udara yang diperbolehkan untuk ukuran partikel > 0,5 µm adalah 352000 partikel dan untuk ukuran partikel > 5 µm adalah 2900 partikel. Dari hasil perhitungan dengan kondisi standar yang dipersyaratkan, diperoleh besar laju kalor ruang yang harus dikondisikan adalah 18,123 kW (61,84 x 103 Btu/h) untuk luas area 58.4 m2, sedangkan untuk mengkondisikan jumlah partikel, dipilih jenis filter High Efficiency Particular Air (HEPA) Filter. Dalam menentukan kapasitas peralatan sistem tata udara, faktor yang menentukan adalah kondisi dan fungsi ruang, kondisi lingkungan, serta persyaratan dari dinas terkait.
PERBANDINGAN PERFORMANSI KOLEKTOR SURYA TIPE EVACUATED TUBE MENGGUNAKAN FLUIDA KERJA ETANOL DENGAN TIPE PELAT DATAR
Authors: Rusmana  , Kurnia Chandra
Published: December 2021

Mengingat wilayah Indonesia yang letaknya berada di garis khatulistiwa, sumber energi surya yang diterima Indonesia sangat melimpah. Pemanfaatan yang paling sederhana adalah menjadikan energi surya sebagai sumber panas pada proses pemanasan air. Teknologi kolektor surya merupakan salah satu sarana untuk mengambil panas matahari. Aneka jenis kolektor surya memiliki kinerja yang bervariasi. Kemampuan penyerapan panas yang tinggi dapat diperoleh dari kolektor surya berjenis evacuated tube collector yang mempunyai waktu pemanasan air awal lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan jenis flat plate collector. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efisiensi kolektor surya tabung vakum terhadap solar water heater sederhana. Metode pengujian dilakukan dengan cara memasukan debit air yang sama pada setiap pengujian. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa solar water heater tabung vakum dengan fluida kerja etanol memberikan efisiensi tertinggi sebesar 44.5% dan efisiensi terendah sebesar 26.4%. Temperatur air output tertinggi mencapai 35,4°C.
OPTIMASI FREKUENSI DAN TEMPERATUR PEMANASAN PADA PELEBURAN TIMAH DALAM TUNGKU INDUKSI DENGAN KAPASITAS 0,45 KG
Authors: Dja’far Sodiq  , Rafi Ardiansyah
Published: December 2021

Peleburan material, baik logam maupun non-logam menggunakan tungku induksi merupakan salah satu pilihan teknologi alternatif, selain teknologi konvensional pembakaran secara langsung. Sumber panas pada tungku induksi diperoleh dari aliran arus listrik AC (alternating current) yang dilewatkan melalui kumparan yang melingkupi inti besi. Hal ini, menimbulkan induksi elektromagnetik yang menghasilkan arus induksi (eddy current), yang selanjutnya memberikan panas pada inti besi yang berperan sebagai cawan tempat peleburan material. Material utama cawan, yaitu ST37, juga memberi kontribusi terhadap rugi – rugi histerisis. Untuk menunjang proses peleburan, alat tungku induksi dilengkapi dengan komponen penunjang, yaitu timah, kawat email, rangkaian pengendali frekuens, rangkaian tenaga (power), dan lainnya. Parameter yang divariasikan adalah frekuensi 200 Hz, 250 Hz, 300 Hz dan 325 Hz. Dan parameter tetap adalah tegangan 50 volt dan waktu pemanasan selama 20 menit. Sementara parameter yang digunakan untuk mengukur performansi tungku induksi peleburan ini adalah temperatur pemanasan akibat penyaluran listrik AC dengan arus

dan frekuensi yang bervariasi. Performansi terbaik diperoleh pada frekuensi tertinggi, yaitu 325 Hz yang menghasilkan temperatur pemanas sebesar 191,9°C untuk cawan kosong dan 161,3°C untuk cawan terisi timah yang dipanasi selama 20 menit. Kecenderungan hasil pengujian bahwa makin tinggi frekuensi, maka waktu pemanasan, semakin efektif.
PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN SOLAR CHARGER BATTERY UNTUK SMARTPHONES
Authors: Sri Utami  , Agoeng H Rahardjo  , Teguh A Pamungkas
Published: December 2021

Berbagai fungsi yang dapat didukung oleh perangkat mobile membuatnya lebih penting dan lebih sering digunakan . Hal ini membuat keberadaan smartphone ada di mana - mana. Kebutuhan pengisian baterai terus meningkat seiring dengan pemakaian listriknya. Inovasi baru yang menjadi perhatian adalah seperti pada pengisi baterai surya yang menggunakan energi dari radiasi matahari . Output baterai perlu diperhatikan untuk memastikan dapat mengisi ulang baterai smarphone. Solar charger battery akan berguna karena kita tidak perlu listrik dari pemasok . Solar charger battery yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini memiliki tegangan output 5 volt DC . Pengguna dapat  memanfaatkannya untuk mengisi ulang baterai smartphone. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pengisi baterai surya mengisi penuh setelah 100 - 120 menit dengan rata-rata  radiasi matahari 393 W/m2 dan rata-rata efisiensi sel surya solar charger battery 19,84%. Solar charger battery ini dapat digunakan untuk 2 sampai 3 proses pengisian tergantung pada spesifikasi smartphone nya.
ANALISIS HASIL ASETOGENESIS BUNGKIL KOPI PADA SISTEM BIODIGESTER ANAEROB DUA TAHAP
Authors: Purwinda Iriani  , Puji Ambriani
Published: December 2021

Pada umumnya pembuatan biogas dilakukan melalui proses yang tidak memisahkan proses asetogenesis dan metanogenesis pada reaktor yang berbeda (satu tahap). Pada penelitian ini, dibuat digester asetogenesis dengan kapasitas 10 liter pada kondisi tenperatur lingkungan, menggunakan bungkil kopi sebagai bahan baku utama dan kotoran sapi sebagai starter dengan perbandingan 4:1. Waktu fermentasi pada digester asetogenesis selama 34 hari. Kandungan asam asetat dari hasil fermentasi asetogenesis pada hari ke-10 sebesar 0,68 gr/L dan pada hari ke-23 sebesar 0.76 gr/L. Peningkatan jumlah kandungan asam asetat sebesar 12,27% atau sebesar 0,08 gr/L selama 13 hari. Kandungan gas hasil fermentasi yaitu karbondioksida (CO2) meningkat dari hari ke-10 sebesar 9,55% sampai hari ke-23 menjadi 49,25%. Peningkatan kandungan asam asetat dan gas CO2 pada digester asetogenesis menunjukkan proses asetogeneis dapat memproduksi asam asetat.
KARAKTERISTIK PENINGKATAN PENGUATAN TEGANGAN INVERTER PWM NATURAL SAMPLED SATU - FASA
Authors: I Made Wiwit Kastawan  , M R Suradirja
Published: December 2021

Tulisan ini membahas tentang karakteristik peningkatan penguatan (gain) tegangan untuk inverter satu-fasa setengah jembatan yang kendali penyearahnya menggunakan teknik PWM natural sanpled. Karaketeristik gain tegangan inverter ini diperoleh dengan cara mengatur indeks modulasi yang merupakan perbandingan antara amplitudo sinyal referensi sinusoidal dan amplitudo sinyal carrier segitiga dari teknik PWM natural sampled yang digunakan. Hasil pengujian dan simulasi menunjukkan bahwa secara umum gain tegangan inverter dapat ditingkatkan dengan cara meningkatkan indeks modulasi. Gain tegangan inverter meningkat secara linier seiring meningkatnya indeks modulasi dalam rentang 0 - 1. Namun untuk indeks modulasi lebih besar daripada satu, dimana inverter bekerja pada daerah overmodulasi, peningkatan gain tegangan tidak terjadi secara linier. Lebih jauh, hasil simulasi juga menunjukkan bahwa secara umum peningkatan gain tegangan inverter akan diikuti oleh meningkatnya kandungan harmonisa arus keluaran. Khususnya saat inverter bekerja pada daerah overmodulasi, kandungan harmonisa arus keluarannya meningkat tajam.