bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SURVEI MINAT BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN JASMANI, OLAHRAGA DAN KESEHATAN (PJOK) PADA MASA PANDEMI DI SMP NEGERI 44 SURABAYA
Authors: Sutrisno
Published: January 2022

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada dunia pendidikan khususnya di Indonesia yang mengharuskan semua kegiatan dilakukan dari rumah, termasuk kegiatan belajar mengajar. Kegiatan belajar mengajar selama pandemi dilakukan secara daring (online). Namun dalam proses implementasinya, Pembelajaran secara daring mungkin tidak berjalan maksimal dan mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui motivasi siswa kelas 7F pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) di SMP Negeri 44 Surabaya tahun 2020/2021. Untuk mengetahui minat belajar peserta didik pada kegiatan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 7 SMP Negeri 44 Surabaya Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 360 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total random sampling yaitu kuota sampling dengan  kelas 7F dari total populasi, sehingga besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 orang.  Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif kuantitatif dengan kategori periode interval. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dari 40 siswa, sebanyak 25 siswa berada pada kategori sangat tinggi, 10 siswa berada pada kategori tinggi, 5 siswa pada kategori sedang, dan 0 pada kategori rendah. Hasil penelitian siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran selama pandemi Covid-19 mencetak rata-rata 70 pada skala nilai tinggi. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa motivasi siswa untuk mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid-19 tergolong tinggi. Kajian ini memberikan implikasi praktis sebagai tolak ukur kinerja guru dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di masa pandemi Covid-19.
EFEKTIVITAS MICROSOFT TEAMS TERHADAP HASIL PEMBELAJARAN IPA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Yusfriyanti Titiek
Published: January 2022

Microsoft Teams sebagai salah satu platform pembelajaran yang memungkinkan guru dan siswa untuk berkolaorasi dan berinteraksi selama pembelajaran secara daring (online). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan Microsoft Teams sebagai platform pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di SMP Negeri 44 Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif yang dianalisis dalam bentuk statistik. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh menunjukkan ahwa penggunaan Microsoft Teams terdiri dari tiga indikator yaitu kemudahan akses Microsoft Teams yang menghasilkan nilai presentasi 80.5, pemahaman materi pemelajaran menggunakan Microsoft Team memberikan skor nilai presentasi 82 ​​dan keunggulan saat menggunakan Microsoft Teams. Hasil nilai yang disajikan adalah 78. Dari ketiga indikator terseut memiliki persentase total rata-rata 80.16% yang dikatakan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA. Untuk efektivitas penggunaan Microsoft Teams dalam pembelajaran adalah tepat untuk tujuan tersebut dan Microsoft Teams secara signifikan mempengaruhi hasil pembelajaran siswa kelas 9F di SMP Negeri 44 Surabaya pada tahun akademik 2020/2021.
On the impact of canopy model complexity on simulated carbon, water, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence fluxes
Authors: Wang Yujie , Frankenberg Christian
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Lack of direct carbon, water, and energy flux observations at global scales makes it difficult to calibrate land surface models (LSMs). The
increasing number of remote-sensing-based products provide an alternative way to verify or constrain land models given their global coverage and
satisfactory spatial and temporal resolutions. However, these products and LSMs often differ in their assumptions and model setups, for example, the
canopy model complexity. The disagreements hamper the fusion of global-scale datasets with LSMs. To evaluate how much the canopy complexity affects
predicted canopy fluxes, we simulated and compared the carbon, water, and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) fluxes using five different
canopy complexity setups from a one-layered canopy to a multi-layered canopy with leaf angular distributions. We modeled the canopy fluxes using the
recently developed land model by the Climate Modeling Alliance, CliMA Land. Our model results suggested that (1) when using the same model inputs, model-predicted carbon, water, and SIF fluxes were all higher for simpler canopy setups; (2) when accounting for vertical photosynthetic capacity
heterogeneity, differences between canopy complexity levels increased compared to the scenario of a uniform canopy; and (3) SIF fluxes modeled with
different canopy complexity levels changed with sun-sensor geometry. Given the different modeled canopy fluxes with different canopy complexities,
we recommend (1) not misusing parameters inverted with different canopy complexities or assumptions to avoid biases in model outputs and (2) using a
complex canopy model with angular distribution and a hyperspectral radiation transfer scheme when linking land processes to remotely sensed spectra.
Investigating the effect of nickel concentration on phytoplankton growth to inform the assessment of ocean alkalinity enhancement
Authors: Guo Jiaying Abby , Strzepek Robert , Willis Anusuya , Ferderer Aaron , Bach Lennart Thomas
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a proposed method for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere by the accelerated weathering of (ultra-) basic minerals to increase alkalinity – the chemical capacity of seawater to store CO2. During the weathering of OAE-relevant minerals relatively large amounts of trace metals will be released and may perturb pelagic ecosystems. Nickel (Ni) is of particular concern as it is abundant in olivine, one of the most widely considered minerals for OAE. However, so far there is limited knowledge about the impact of Ni on marine biota including phytoplankton. To fill this knowledge gap, this study tested the growth and photo-physiological response of 11 marine phytoplankton species to a wide range of dissolved Ni concentrations (from 0 nmol/L to 50,000 nmol/L). We found that the phytoplankton species were not very sensitive to Ni concentrations under the culturing conditions established in our experiments, but the responses were species-specific. The growth rates of 6 of the 11 tested species showed small but significant responses to changing Ni concentrations. Photosynthetic performance, assessed by measuring the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and the functional absorption cross-section (σPSII) of photosystem II, was also only mildly sensitive to changing Ni in 3 out of 11 species and 4 out of 11 species, respectively. The limited effect of Ni may be partly due to the provision of nitrate as the nitrogen source for growth, as previous studies suggest higher sensitivities when urea is the nitrogen source. Furthermore, limited influence may be due to the relatively high concentrations of organic ligands in the growth media in our experiments. These ligands reduced bioavailable Ni (i.e., “free Ni2+”) concentrations by binding the majority of the dissolved Ni. Our data suggest that dissolved Ni does not have a strong effect on phytoplankton under our experimental conditions, but we emphasize that a deeper understanding of nitrogen sources, ligand concentrations and phytoplankton composition is needed when assessing the influence of Ni release associated with OAE. We discuss if applications of OAE with Ni-rich minerals may be safer in regions with high organic ligand concentrations and low concentrations of urea as such boundary conditions may lead to less impact of Ni on phytoplankton communities.
Significant methane undersaturation during austral summer in the Ross Sea (Southern Ocean)
Authors: Ye Wangwang , Bange Hermann W. , Arévalo-Martínez Damian L. , He Hailun , Li Yuhong , Wen Jianwen , Zhang Jiexia , Liu Jian , Wu Man , Zhan Liyang
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Dissolved methane (CH4) was measured at 9 stations along a transect at 75° S in the Ross Sea during austral summer in January 2020. CH4 undersaturation (mean: 82 ± 20 %) was found in the water column, with a mean air-sea CH4 flux density of −0.58 ± 0.48 μmol m−2 day−1, which suggests that the Ross Sea was a net sink for atmospheric CH4 during the austral summer. Simple box-model calculations revealed that the CH4 depletion should occur in the surface mixed layer because of CH4 oxidation and advection of CH4-poor waters. We propose that freshwater injection caused by sea-ice melting in summer dilutes CH4 concentrations within the surface layer and thus increases its potential for atmospheric CH4 uptake in the Ross Sea. Thus, we argue that both CH4 consumption and sea-ice melting are important drivers of CH4 undersaturation, which implies that the high-latitude area of the Southern Ocean is a sink for atmospheric CH4. We estimated that the Southern Ocean (> 65° S) takes up about 0.02 % of the global CH4 emissions and thus represents a minor sink for atmospheric CH4.
Compositions of dissolved organic matter in the ice-covered waters above the Aurora hydrothermal vent system, Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Authors: Sert Muhammed Fatih , Niemann Helge , Reeves Eoghan P. , Granskog Mats A. , Hand Kevin P. , Kekäläinen Timo , Jänis Janne , Rossel Pamela E. , Ferré Bénédicte , Silyakova Anna , Gründger Friederike
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Hydrothermal vents modify and displace subsurface dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the ocean. Once in the ocean, this DOM is transported together with elements, particles, dissolved gases, and biomass along with the neutrally buoyant plume layer. Considering the number and extent of actively venting hydrothermal sites in the oceans, their contribution to the oceanic DOM pool may be substantial. Here, we investigate the dynamics of DOM in relation to hydrothermal venting and related processes at the as-yet unexplored Aurora hydrothermal vent field within the ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Ocean at 82.9° N. We examined the vertical distribution of DOM composition from sea ice to deep waters at six hydrocast stations distal to the active vent and its neutrally buoyant plume layer. In comparison to background seawater, we found that the DOM in waters directly affected by the hydrothermal plume was composed of lower numbers of molecular formulas and 5–10 % less abundant compositions associated with the molecular categories related to lipid and protein-like compounds. Samples that were not directly affected by the plume, on the other hand, were chemically more diverse and had a higher percentage of chemical formulas associated with the carbohydrate-like category. We suggest, therefore, that hydrothermal processes at Aurora may influence the DOM distribution in the bathypelagic ocean by spreading more thermally and/or chemically induced compositions, while DOM compositions in epipelagic and mesopelagic layers are mainly governed by the microbial carbon pump dynamics, and sea ice surface water interactions.
Studi Karakteristik Fraksi Olein Crude Palm Oil (CPO)
Authors: Muhammad yamin
Published: January 2022

Luas lahan kelapa sawit di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 adalah 14.858.300 Ha, sedangkan di Kalimantan Timur mencapai 1.378.136 Ha. Produk sawit yang cukup banyak dijumpai adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) memiliki ciri bewarna merah-kekuningant. CPO mempunyai sifat membeku pada suhu kamar dan mencair jika dipanaskan pada suhu di atas 65°C, jika didiamkan akan terbentuk dua lapisan yakni lapisan minyak (olein) dan lapisan padat (stearin). Lapisan minyak (olein) biasanya berwarna merah, lapisan stearin berwarna kuning yang keduanya mengidikasikan memiliki kandungan nutrisi tertentu salah satunya adalah beta karoten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar air dan beta karoten fraksi olein CPO yang dihasilkan melalui pemanasan vakum. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu pertama persiapan alat dan bahan yang akan digunakan kemudian tahap kedua adalah pemisahanan fraksi olein minyak sawit (CPO) dengan 3 perlakuan suhu rotary evapotar vakum yaitu suhu 60°C, 70°C dan 75°C. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air dan kandungan beta karoten fraksi olein CPO. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah P2 (pemanasan pada suhu 70°C) merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik dengan rata-rata kadar air 0,054% dan rata-rata betakarotennya 592,00 ppm.
Pengaruh Pernikahan Dini terhadap Kesehatan Mental dan Fisik: Sistematik Review
Authors: Widyadhara Azarine Pandita , Putri Tasya Meilani
Published: January 2022

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Dalam kehidupan rumah tangga pasti tidak luput dari permasalahan-permasalahan. Salah satu penyebab utama dalam permasalahan rumah tangga adalah belum dewasanya pasangan. Pernikahan dini terjadi disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satu faktor yang sering ditemui di masyarakat yaitu karena faktor ekonomi. Faktor ini yang paling sering dijadikan alasan untuk menikahkan anak yang masih di bawah umur dengan seseorang yang dianggap mampu secara ekonomi.

Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain sistematik review dengan mengikuti Panduan Pilihan untuk Ulasan Sytematic Review dan Meta Analyses (PRISMA) dan menggunakan flowchart berdasarkan daftar periksa PRISMA 2009, yaitu dengan menghilangkan artikel yang tidak relevan dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi, penyaringan, kelayakan, dan pengunduhan akhir artikel yang relevan.

Hasil: Pernikahan yang dilakukan di usia muda sering terjadi dikarenakan perjodohan, kehamilan diluar nikah, dan faktor ekonomi. Berbagai macam faktor yang memicu hal tersebut terjadi karena adanya dorongan faktor ekonomi, kehamilan diluar pernikahan, mengalami putus sekolah, dan pengaruh pasangan untuk menikah muda. Pernikahan yang dilakukan di usia muda pun sering kali membuat pasangan mengalami kegagalan dalam meraih kesejahteraan psikologis.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat dilihat bahwa dalam pengaturan atas kehidupan anak yang bersifat normatif, seperti menikah diusia dini dapat menimbulkan atau menyebabkan berbagai dampak negatif bagi anak.

Kata Kunci: Dampak, Pernikahan muda, Faktor

 

Abstract

Background: In the life of the household certainly is not free from problems. One of the main causes of problems in the household is couples who are not yet mature. Early marriage occurs due to several factors. One factor that is often encountered in the community is due to economic factors. This factor is most often used as an excuse to marry an underage child to someone who is considered economically capable.

Method: This study uses a systematic design review by following the Choice Guidelines for Sytematic Review and Meta Analyze Review (PRISMA) and using a flowchart based on the 2009 PRISMA checklist, namely by removing irrelevant articles using inclusion, filtering, eligibility, and final download criteria relevant article.

Results: Marriage conducted at a young age often occurs due to arranged marriages, extramarital pregnancy, and economic factors. Various types of factors that trigger this occur because of the crush of economic factors, the existence of pregnancy outside of marriage, having dropped out of school, and the influence of couples to marry young. Weddings conducted at a young age often make couples fail to achieve psychological well-being.

Conclusion: Based on this research, it can be seen that in regulating the lives of children who are normative, such as marrying at an early age can cause data or cause various negative impacts on children.

Keywords: Impact, young marriage, factors
Grunge blotto
Authors: Miller Andrew
Published: January 2022

Traditionally, memoir writers use ‘prose’ to build narratives. Sometimes they

use images, but often not. In the multimedia age some memoirists are turning to

art, photography, design, typography, and technology to increase the range and

scope of their research and ‘writing’. Writing, in this sense, takes on a more

Derridean flavour, and comes to incorporate all manner of inscriptions.

Readers consequently become viewers, and texts shift from ‘readerly’ to

‘writerly’ in the Barthesian sense. Design software like Adobe InDesign helps

make such bricolages possible, and helps overcome some of the design

limitations of mainstream word processors.

By combining elements of a/r/tography, applied grammatology,

autoethnography, and creative non-fiction, I have created a graphic memoir

bricolage to explore the death of my mother and the difficulties of narrating it.

By combining words and images—design and content—I have come some way

to articulating the challenges of this process.
‘The Boat that Rocked’: Restoring the creative: a new journey for dual sector universities
Authors: Croker Carol-Anne , Carthew Mark
Published: January 2022

Global research connections are an increasingly important focus for all universities and for governments seeking to position themselves as providers of high quality research, as partners in education and practice. Value is now recognised for research proposals and projects that enhance international cooperation and collaboration between individual researchers, and the opportunities for exploring uncharted research terrain and pedagogy within the creative writing discipline is encouraged under a raft of new funding schemes and through additional openings within previously limited and targeted schemes. Australian creative writing programs now have an imperative to expand our existing national and international collaborative research linkages and include areas such as children’s writing and other hitherto under-represented areas within our course offerings to ensure and, where necessary, establish valued course and research cultures - and vibrant national and international linkages in this area of creative arts and writing. Creative writing and the creative arts generally are no longer positioned at the margins of the higher education system. Increasingly our practice and expertise is valued as central to Australian economic and cultural development as the foundation for a 21st-century knowledge-based economy.
Letting go of the truth: researching and writing the other side of silence in women’s lives
Authors: Kon-yu Natalie
Published: January 2022

In my paper ‘Mixing Memory with the Desire to Forget’ given at the Australian Association of Writing Program’s annual conference last November, I outlined the difficulties in writing about the lives of women, and explained the different narrative strategies I utilised to write about a woman’s history in fiction. Yet, despite writing a novel that strives to highlight the gaps and silences in women’s histories, there remains lingering questions of why the details of‘ordinary’ women’s lives are so difficult to find. This paper examines the reasons why archival information about women’s lives is difficult to unearth, and details some of the ways in which genres such as the social sciences, memoir and fiction have endeavoured to find and document women’s histories. It examines both the loss of women’s history and the ways in which this loss has been, and is being, addressed by writers. It is my contention that it is not only a lack of salient documentation that prohibits certain stories about women from being narrated in fiction, but also that the conventions of realist fiction -particularly the emphasis on revelation and closure - inhibit the narration of certain lives. By challenging the conventions of realism, we, as writers can not only acknowledge the silences that persist in the lives of women in the past, but also signal new ways to write around them.
Valoración de la Calidad de la Práctica Fonoaudiológica en Atención Primaria de Salud
Authors: Silva-Ríos Angélica Pilar , Del Campo Rivas Manuel Nibaldo
Published: January 2022

El estudio de la calidad representa un tema relevante para usuarios, gestores y profesionales del sistema de salud. La incorporación de fonoaudiólogos a la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) hace necesario indagar los parámetros que configuran una práctica de calidad desde la perspectiva de la provisión de servicios. El objetivo de este trabajo es validar el contenido de una matriz de calidad de la práctica fonoaudiológica en APS a través del juicio de expertos. Se calculó razón de validez de contenido (CVR), coeficiente de concordancia (W) de Kendal e índice de validez de contenido (CVI). La matriz contempló tres dimensiones: estructura, proceso y resultados. El 84% de los reactivos generados presentó una CVR positiva. Las dimensiones proceso y resultado presentaron un W de Kendal estadísticamente significativo (p<0,05). El CVI total de la prueba fue 0,55. La matriz creada explora dominios de contenido vinculados a la calidad de los servicios de fonoaudiología en APS. El estudio y gestión de la calidad representa una oportunidad para mejorar la práctica fonoaudiológica en APS.
Comparación de parámetros de la carga vocal mediante dosimetría en profesoras.
Authors: Orellana Marambio Patricio Alonso , Núñez Zamora Alicia , Marín Garrido Fabiola
Published: January 2022

La carga vocal es definida como la cantidad de trabajo realizado por el mecanismo laríngeo a lo largo del tiempo. No se encontraron estudios de su valoración diferenciada en la sala de clases y en el espacio de simulación clínica. Es necesario diferenciar los resultados de los parámetros: frecuencia fundamental, intensidad vocal y ruido ambiental en ambos contextos para promover una perspectiva ecológica de la salud vocal de las docentes. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las diferencias en la carga vocal de un grupo de profesoras de tres establecimientos educacionales de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, en espacios de simulación clínica y laboral. Estudio comparativo transversal de 26 profesoras de educación preescolar y básica sin antecedentes de patologías vocales. La evaluación de los parámetros vocales se realizó a través de un dosímetro. El ruido ambiente fue evaluado por medio de un sonómetro. Los resultados arrojaron diferencias significativas de las tres variables entre la sala de clases y el espacio clínico simulado. También hubo diferencias significativas de intensidad y ruido ambiente entre niveles de enseñanza y cantidad de alumnos por sala, siendo mayor la intensidad y ruido en las salas de nivel básico, en comparación al nivel preescolar. Como conclusión existe una carga vocal mayor en la sala de clases, definida por un aumento en la frecuencia fundamental e intensidad, en comparación al espacio clínico simulado. Lo anterior podría estar determinado por el ruido ambiente. Se sugiere realizar intervención fonoaudiológica en el contexto laboral.
El uso de pronombres clíticos en hablantes afásicos con agramatismo. Un estudio desde el español
Authors: Guillén Escamilla Josaphat Enrique , Arias García Mónica , Téllez Lamegos Jesús
Published: January 2022

El agramatismo es un síntoma de las afasias no fluentes que se manifiesta principalmente en la omisión de palabras función y de sufijos flexivos y derivativos. En este contexto, los clíticos han sido ampliamente estudiados y se ha concluido que también sufren alteraciones; no obstante, estos estudios parten de un criterio sintáctico estrecho y de tareas ad hoc que no reflejan la capacidad real de los hablantes para emplear el sistema lingüístico. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar el uso de clíticos en situaciones comunicativas más naturales para determinar si también en estos escenarios se encuentran alterados. Para tal fin, analizamos el volumen Afasia no fluente del corpus PerLA (Gallardo y Moreno, 2005). Los resultados indican que los hablantes tienen muy pocos problemas para emplear correctamente los clíticos y que los errores se deben a las omisiones de los verbos. Se concluye que este contraste con los resultados previos se debe a la naturaleza del corpus, pues refleja de mejor manera las habilidades conservadas de los pacientes.
Diseño y validación de una escala vocal multidimensional para la detección del riesgo vocal en docentes
Authors: García Real Teresa , Mendiri Paula , Díaz Román Tomás Miguel
Published: January 2022

En el colectivo docente es frecuente el mal uso de la voz, para preservar su salud vocal es necesario un diagnóstico precoz. El objetivo del estudio fue diseñar, según criterios de especificidad y sencillez, una escala vocal multidimensional y fiable que contribuya a detectar situaciones de riesgo vocal del docente en el contexto escolar (EVM-D). Participaron 299 docentes, de 18 centros educativos de A Coruña seleccionados aleatoriamente, se dividieron en dos submuestras, una (n =143) para la realización del análisis factorial exploratorio, tanto con Análisis Paralelo como con factorización de ejes principales y rotación oblimin, y otra (n = 156) para el análisis factorial confirmatorio utilizando el método de mínimos cuadrados no ponderados. Una vez analizados los modelos, se optó por uno de tres factores de primer orden (Síntomas vocales, Hábitos de habla y Abusos vocales) y uno de segundo orden (Riesgo vocal). Los índices de bondad de ajuste fueron GFI = ,98, AGFI = ,97, SRMR = ,05; la fiabilidad compuesta (FC) en los tres factores de ,80; ,70 y ,73 y la varianza media extraída (AVE) de ,44; ,43 y ,47 respectivamente; la FC del factor de primer orden fue de ,83 y la AVE ,63. Se obtuvieron valores de corte según el sexo para los percentiles P90, P75 y P60 de riesgo vocal: alto, medio, bajo y muy bajo. La escala EVM-D fiable y consistente podría ser útil para detectar factores etiológicos o síntomas y aplicar la higiene vocal de forma precoz y autónoma por el docente.
Performance of biomass combustor based drying system for ginger dry
Authors: Vyas D. K.
Published: January 2022

A biomass combustor based dryer was evaluated with different biomass for drying of ginger. Biomass combustor based dryer consists of fuel hopper, combustion chamber, heat exchanger, grate for proper combustion of the combustible gas, chimney, ambient air inlet, hot air outlet and drying chamber. The system was evaluated at five fuel consumption rate (1 to 5 kg.h–1) and five air flow rate (100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 m3.h–1) using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes for ginger drying. The experimental performances show that the hot air temperature inside the dryer vary between 36 to 81ºC for maize cobs, 53 to 85ºC for sized wood and 49 to 87ºC for biomass briquettes at tested air flow rate and fuel consumption rate in the system. The maximum efficiency of the system was found at the fuel consumption rate of 1 kg.h–1 and 400 m3.h–1 air flow rate using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes as fuel respectively. The cost of operation of ginger drying at 1 kg.h–1 fuel consumption rate and 400 m3/h air flow rate was Rs. 32.76, 34.26, 34.76 and 55 per hour using maize cobs, sized wood, saw dust briquettes and mechanical drying system, respectively. Hence, the drying of ginger in biomass combustor based dryer using maize cobs at 1 kg.h–1 fuel consumption rate and 400 m3/h air flow rate resulted in better performance.
Ibn Sina’s Theory of the Soul: A Taxonomy of Islamic Education
Authors: Norman Nurul Ain
Published: January 2022

Ibn Sina’s theory of the soul possesses a logical-metaphysical categorisation of that concept, which allows for the designing of a new taxonomy of educational objectives. Its unique alteration of Aristotelian philosophy creates both an understanding of the natural relationship between categories, species, varieties, etc., and powerful inventive philosophical arguments and principles supporting the structural basis of monotheistic belief  (tawhid). When speaking of the goals and objectives of the contemporary Islamic educational world, this approach also embraces the demands of the twenty-first century knowledge economy and the holistic development of the human being, enabling people to become critical, creative, innovative, and ethical without leaving religion behind. However, the new scene has created volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity among educators as to how to liaise the new curriculum and apply new assessment methods in their classrooms. This study intends to develop a taxonomy that will enable curriculum designers and Islamic educators to easily identify hierarchal and categorical human faculties and relate them to specific curricular objectives, proper classroom assessments, and suitable teaching methods. The taxonomy is designed using a philosophical-descriptive analysis of Ibn Sina’s theory of the soul and a logic-argumentative description of his human categorisation. The end result is a prototype taxonomy for future validity evaluation.
Large primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma managed laparoscopically: Case report and literature review
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., Termos Salah , AlGhareeb Fahad ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlHunaidi Mohamad ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlAbdulghani Fahad ,   Department of Radiology, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlJafar Ahmad ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlQattan Ali ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlMulla Ahmad Essam ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., Adi Ayman ,   Department of Pathology, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait., AlKhalil Afaq Mahmoud ,   Department of Surgery, Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait.
Published: January 2022

Background: Retroperitoneal cystic lesions (RCLs) are uncommon clinical findings that arise within the retroperitoneal compartments and account for various etiologies. They can be benign or malignant in nature and may present with different manifestations. Case report: A 55-year-old woman presented with nonspecific right sided abdominal pain. Ultrasound detected a large cyst in the right retroperitoneal region, computed tomography revealed a large well-defined cystic lesion measuring 13 X 9 X 6 cm in the right posterior peritoneum extending from the subhepatic area to the right pelvis. Laparoscopic complete resection performed with uneventful perioperative course. Histopathologic findings were suggestive of mucinous cystadenoma. Conclusion: Primary Retroperitoneal Mucinous Cystadenoma (PRMC) is an extremely rare pathology that can pose some challenge for clinicians. Awareness of this entity can help us in establishing the diagnosis and provide an optimal management. Although laparotomy is considered the standard approach of huge mucinous cystadenomas; laparoscopic surgery can be a safe and adequate therapeutic option. Keywords: retroperitoneal cystic lesions (RCL); primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas (PRMCs); cystadenoma; mucinous; laparoscopy.
Red cell distribution width to lymphocyte ratio as a new biomarker in predicting prognosis in chronic liver disease patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey., Ülger Yakup , Delik Anıl ,   Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey.
Published: January 2022

Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcoholism, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, copper and iron deposition etiologies, together with various genetic factors, constitute a rather complex cancer group that includes chronic inflammation, chronic systemic inflammation triggered by oxidative stress. Therefore, an increase in the incidence and prevalence of liver cancer is expected in the future. Discovery of new biomarkers in HCC diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of treatment response and treatment follow-up is very important. The aim of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical significance of the Red blood cell Distribution Width (RDW) to lymphocyte ratio (RLR) in patients with chronic liver disease with HCC. Materials and methods: Our study, which was designed retrospectively, included 200 patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of HCC. Liver function tests, hematological parameters, biochemical tests were analyzed in Çukurova University Balcalı hospital. Child Pugh Score (CTP) and RLR of the patients were calculated with the necessary equations. HCC patients were analyzed in two groups as alfa feto protein (AFP) negative (<20 ng/ml) and AFP positive (>20 ng/ml). All the obtained results were analyzed in SPSS program. Results: A total of 200 patients with HCC were included in this study. Half of the 200 HCC patients included in the study were found to be AFP negative, and the gender distribution in this group was found to be 24.2% for women and 75.8% for men. A significant increase in the rate of RLR was detected in the AFP positive group (AFP negative 13.54 ± 9.67, AFP positive 20.11 ± 27.38, and p value 0.03). According to Child Pugh score, RLR rates were found to be 11.72 ± 8.82 in CTP A, 15.96 ± 8.78 in CTP B, 27.47 ± 35.6 in CTP C, p value <0.001. In multivariate logistic regression analysis according to AFP group distribution, the OR value of RLR was determined as 0.95, 95% CI (0.90-1.00) and p value was 0.02. Conclusion: We think that RLR can be used as a new biomarker associated with poor prognosis in AFP positive HCC patients.
CURRENT CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER LEGAL EDUCATION
Authors: Vegera I.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the problem of improving the quality of legal education and its compliance with modern challenges arising in the context of the development of the information society. The main trends and processes that need to be considered in the organization of higher legal education, and as a result, new requirements are presented to the training of a lawyer in modern conditions, in particular to the educational process and the content of educational programs. Such characteristics of legal training, as flexibility and variability, interdisciplinary, multistage, continuity, profiling, personalization, innovative and scientific orientation, practical oriented legal education are considered. The need for adequate transformation of legal education using all the achievements of information technologies is substantiated. The impact on the legal education of the trends in globalization and internationalization is investigated. Qualities of a lawyer have been defined, which come to the fore alongside classical professional skills.
AUTHORITY TO DISPOSE OF NATURE USERS: SOME PROBLEMS
Authors: Shahray I.
Published: January 2022

The article analyzes the authority to dispose as an element of the subjective right to natural resources usage. The methods of disposal provided by the legislation of the Republic of Belarus are analyzed, such as voluntary refusal to exercise the nature usage right, restricting access to a natural resource plot provided for use, attracting other persons to use it on the basis of a civil law contract, providing land plots for lease or sublease, etc. It is concluded that it is necessary to systematize, within the framework of the sectoral nature resource legislation, the rights of users of natural resources to transfer part of their powers to other persons. The author notes that in the future it is not only possible, but also necessary to expand the authority to dispose of nature users, including through the development of the institution of secondary nature usage.
DEVELOPMENT OF LOGISTIC POTENTIAL OF NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAINS FOR THE PURPOSE OF THEIR INTEGRATION INTO GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors: Huliahina O.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the list of development factors of the logistics potential of supply chains that have a direct and indirect impact on the components of the logistics potential both in the internal and external environment of the chain. As such development factors, were proposed: the introduction of new logistics technologies for the delivery of goods and storage of goods in warehouses, the active development of information systems and their implementation in the field of logistics and supply chain management, the development of the logistics services market, including integrated logistics support, resourcesaving policies of enterprises, increasing the importance of the environmental aspect of doing business in the framework of states' aspirations for sustainable development. The above factors will make it possible to determine the reserves for building up the logistics potential for national supply chains in order to integrate them into global supply chains.
DOCUMENTATION OF COMMODITY TRANSACTIONS
Authors: Korotaev N. , Korotaev D.
Published: January 2022

The article examines topical issues of documenting commodity transactions in the implementation of dropshipping activities, in particular, operations related to the delivery of goods by dropshippers to their end customers, carried out by suppliers (manufacturers) from whom the dropshipper purchased these goods. The features of registration of shipping documents with and without the use of motor transport of the supplier (manufacturer) are considered. Supply schemes and their documentary support are proposed, taking into account the features inherent in dropshipping activities (sale of goods to customers through online stores and online platforms, transit delivery of goods from the warehouses of the supplier (manufacturer), delivery of goods to the final buyer by the supplier himself, etc.). Concrete proposals are made to simplify the existing procedures for documenting the transit movement of goods, as well as to improve the national legislation regulating the implementation of commodity transactions in order to develop dropshipping in Belarus as an effective way of trade, actively used in many developed countries of the world.
METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Stanovskaya A.
Published: January 2022

Currently, an important item on the global agenda is the achievement of sustainable development, which is impossible without a transition to sustainable production and consumption patterns. Effective business models for ensuring more efficient resource use are offered by the concept of a circular economy (circular economy). Indicators other than those used in linear economics are needed to monitor progress in the transition to a circular economy. The article presents the results of an analytical review and comparison of the most common methodological approaches in English and Russian-speaking scientific research to assessing the circular economy at the local level. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches, their areas of possible application are indicated. The conclusion is made about the narrowness of the interpretation of the concept of circular economy in the analyzed works and the need to develop a special tool for assessing the circular economy of an enterprise.
FORMATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE RIGHT TO HOUSING IN THE FIRST YEARS OF THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES (1917-1922)
Authors: Burakou V.
Published: January 2022

The article contains a historical and legal analysis of the formation of the right to housing in the context of the formation of the legal system of the Soviet state in the period 1917-1922. As a result of rule-making during the period of the policy of "war communism", the right to housing was represented by its content: the restriction of the right of ownership of residential premises, the creation of a system of rationing and distribution of living space and the class principle of housing policy. Under the influence of the new economic policy, the principles of the right to housing were supplemented with provisions on the continuity of pre-revolutionary law, the permission of individual construction on the right of development, the provision of public services on a paid basis.
Караванные пути в трудах А.Х. Маргулана
Authors: Манапова Алия
Published: January 2022

В статье проанализированы результаты археологических исследований А.Х. Маргулана по изучению караванных путей. В 1946 г. под руководством А.Х. Маргулана была создана Центрально-Казахстанская археологическая экспедиция. Алкей Хаканович прошел по древним торговым дорогам и кочевым путям Казахстана, нашел археологические памятники в бескрайних пустынных степях, изучил их с научной точки зрения и они стали известны в мире науки. Он умел использовать материалы, найденные при разведке и раскопках, в сочетании с письменными и литературными данными, легендами. К результатам исследования каждого памятника прилагаются подробное описание, ссылки на труды предыдущих исследователей. В ходе анализа научных трудов Алькея Хакановича можно получить ответы на многие вопросы, которые возникают вокруг памятников Казахстана от эпохи камня до позднего средневековья. Исследованные им караванные пути, проходящие по Бетпакдале: «Хан жолы», «Каркаралы жолы», «Уанас жолы», «Жеті қоңыр жолы», «Сары су жолы». Это известные дороги, которые ранее связывали с южными регионами Центральный Казахстан, Иртыш, Западную Сибирь, укрепляли культурные и торговые отношения между ними. Ученый отмечал, что для каравана, проходящего между кыпчакскими степями и Сырдарьинскими городами, оазис Жетыконыр был местом отдыха. В культуре населения региона большое значение имели многие факторы, в том числе – времена года, ситуация с пастбищами, расчет маршрутов и их протяженность.
الجذور التاريخية لنشأة الأحزاب السياسية السودانية
Authors: الطاهر عبدالرحمن حمد د. فتح الرحمن
Published: January 2022

This study deals with the historical roots of the formation of Sudanese political parties. The study aimed to analyz and study the historical development of the action of Sudanese national movement, which secreted political currents that began with political organizations and associations that progressed into political parties that lead the national action and realized self-determination and independence. The researcher adopted the historical, descriptive, and analytical methods for gathering data from sources and references for analysis to reach the results (findings) and recommendations guarantee the study’s ending. The study concluded that although the formation of Sudanese political parties was spontaneous, their existence was inevitable to decide the imperialistic vision, which considers that the country does not yet reach the stage that qualifies it to guide itself. The study recommended that Sudanese political parties have to fulfill what they have promised to do to the peoples of the country according to their platform after the attainment of their end of obtaining independence and do not occupy themselves with gaining the voters' votes and neglect the central issue of tasks achievement and the more significant national goals which are represented by a constant constitution for the country and economic growth, and strengthen the ties of national unity.
高科技廠房懸吊式運輸系統與自動化倉儲系統之耐震補強研究
Authors: 柯敏琪 柯敏琪 , Min-Chi Ko 姚昭智 , George. C .Yao 陳威中 , Wei-Cung Chen 黃秉毅
Published: January 2022

高科技廠房中懸吊式運輸系統（OHCV）與自動化倉儲系統（STK）為重要且不可於地震時停機之設施。2016年0206美濃地震中，某科技廠內該二系統因地震影響，設備物與產品嚴重損壞，致使系統無法短時間內修復完畢、恢復運轉，而損失大量金錢與產品。本研究目的為提升既有高科技廠房OHCV與STK之耐震能力，藉已驗證結構模型系統模擬地震下的模態與反應特性，並利用靜態側推與振動台實驗確認補強可行性，同時考量廠內現況、施工性、經濟性，分別提出經實驗驗證之有效補強系統。最後，補強電腦模擬皆顯示在設計地震下，系統反應確實較小。

 

The Overhead Conveyor (OHCV) and Stocker (STK) are most frequently used transportation and storage systems in high-tech factories and should not stop operation in an earthquake. However, these two systems are vulnerable to earthquake based on the Taiwan experience. In 2016 during Meinong Earthquake, damage of these two systems led to serious impact on high-tech factories. It not only shut down the production line, caused huge economical lose, but also delayed recovery process. This study aims to increase the seismic capacity of OHCV and STK for a high-tech factory. First, a rough numerical model to realize the true response under earthquake in the clean room was developed. By using full-scale static test and shaking table test, we can validate the dynamic characteristic of the numerical models. By considering the in-site situation, construction feasibility, and the economic demand, retrofitted bracing systems are developed. The strength of bracing is verified by component tests. Then, the efficiency for retrofitted OHCV and STK is verified by static tests and shaking table tests. Finally, the computed response in fab showed a drastically reduced response after the proposed retrofit.

 
都市3D熱環境模型的建立—以無人機傾斜攝影測量法建構
Authors: 張慕恩 張慕恩 , Mu-En Chang 王常暢 , Chang-Chang Wang 張雯珺 , Wen-Jun Zhang 溫采穎
Published: January 2022

對於都市規劃來說，如何迅速且動態地評估環境以最小化熱衝擊及都市內部的能源消耗量，在近年來變得尤為重要。本研究通過運用傾斜攝影及無人駕駛飛行器這兩種遙感技術來構建三維熱模型，該模型可實現多角度觀察，並通過使用實景建模軟件ContextCapture，可透過模型參考實際環境。本研究選取台北市一處校園作為實驗場地，並使用大疆無人飛行器（DJI Mavic 2 ENTERPRISE DUAL）收集數據。採用高效方法以生成分辨率與高精確度的中小型熱模型。該模型可為基於熱特徵的基礎科學數據提供視覺參照、多角度可視化高解析度的研究數據並且對於打造更具可持續性與適應能力的社區來說有很大幫助。

 

It is important for urban planners to be able to quickly and dynamically assess an environment to minimize the thermal impact and amount of energy consumed in an urban area. We used two state-of-the-art remote sensing (RS) techniques: oblique photography and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), to produce a three-dimensional thermal model that can be observed from multiple angles and can easily refer to the real conditions using the ContextCapture reality modeling software. We use da campus in Taipei as our experimental space and data was collected using the most recent DJI UAV (DJI Mavic 2 Enterprise, dual camera version). We developed a more effective way to generate small to mid-scale thermal models with acceptable resolution and precision. Our model can provide a visual for essential scientific data on thermal features and Multi-angle visualization of high-resolution research data, which is necessary for designing more sustainable and resilient communities.

 
邁向湧現美學的基本設計教學研究
Authors: 柯純融 柯純融
Published: January 2022

本研究主要在探討建築設計在數位工具與生物學觀點介入後，如何將形態生成語彙的，以自然的湧現特質呈現在設計中。設計的操作方法透過材料特性的探索、量體聚集和力學傳遞的差異與連續，企圖創造出不同於以往只有幾何的組織特性而能傳達自組織美學的意。此看法包含Las Spuybroek所說解釋的新激進唯物主義概念，可以體現從構築、跨越物質感知與物質本身產生共鳴的設計方法。目前在數位設計型態上十分常見。但是，如何避免只是複製形式而不了解邏輯的生成原則，將材料探索和其生成意義傳遞給學生，需要一套較完整的設計教學方法。本研究歷經三年的嘗試，已接近明確的方法論，其目的就是希望讓學生從近身事物之觀察為起點，分門別類理解各種材料與對應工具的技術，最後運用於生成形式獨特的空間內涵。即便學生沒有直接接觸或使用計算機工具或任何種類的演算和結構運算軟體。學生也能自然地體驗形式由下而上的生成方法，以及來自構築性物件中結構力量的流動與傳遞經驗。他們可以看到組織的流動性如何轉移到物體結構中。

 

The research primarily explores how, after the introduction of digital tools and biological viewpoints, architectural design may express the morphological generation language within as a natural emergence. Through the exploration of material properties, mass aggregation and the force distribution and continuity, the design method attempts to create an assemblage characteristic containing more than simply geometry as in the past, and the ability to communicate the aesthetic value of self-assemblage. This aspect was also explained by Las Spuybroek, on new radical materialist concept that embodies a design approach resonating with the tectonics, cross-material perception and the material itself. At the moment, this approach is prevalent in digital design. Nonetheless, for the purpose of conveying this tectonic significance to students by the material exploration, and avoiding a simple replication of form and uninformed of the principles that generate such logic, a more thorough method in design teaching is required. After three years of experimentation, the research has nearly arrived at a clear methodology, which aims to allow students to take the observation of the surrounding objects as the outset, categorizing and understanding the materials and set of techniques of respective tools, and finally realized by generating unique forms of spatial connotation. Even if the students have yet been in direct contact or use of the computational tools or any types of algorithms and structural calculations, they can naturally experience the bottom-up approach of the form generation and the flow of structural force from the tectonic, thus pass on the experience. They will observe how the organizational mobility is transferred to the structure.

 