bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transport Pressure Mark Mechanisms in the Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene Conglomerates, Northwestern Wyoming
Authors: Steidtmann James
Published: July 2020

In spite of rather intensive investigation into the origin of the Harebell (Late Cretaceous), Pinyon (Paleocene) and Pass Peak (Early Eocene) conglomerates in Jackson Hole and adjacent areas certain critical questions remain unanswered. The great thickness, coarseness and lateral extent imply an ancient source of considerable size and relief relatively near to present day Jackson Hole. Evidence for such a source is, however, equivocal and previous workers do not agree on its location. An even more perplexing question concerns the mechanisms by which such a huge volume of cobbles and boulders was transported from the source, wherever it was, to its depositional site. Such a system implies the existence of ancient alluvial fans on a scale unknown in modern environments.
Population Study of Canada Geese of Jackson Hole
Authors: Zeveloff Samuel
Published: July 2020

Between 1955 and 1974, the population of Canada geese in the United States almost doubled. Despite this trend, populations in the Pacific Flyway appear to have declined 10 percent (Bell rose 1976) and the causes for the decrease are not obvious. During earlier work, Dimmick (1968) concluded that the 1964 breeding population in Jackson Hole was stabilized at approximately 300 birds with 40-47 percent consisting of breeding pairs. The current status of the goose population is not known and the effects of dramatic changes in land use on the birds is undetermined. Therefore, this study will attempt to compare current conditions and the resulting population status with those of the early 1960's and the late 1940's (Craighead and Craighead 1949).
An Ecological Comparison of Two Stream Sections With and Without Native Fish Populations, in Yellowstone National Park.
Authors: Jacobi Gerald
Published: July 2020

A study of benthic macroinvertebrate communities above and below a natural barrier to fish movement (6 m high) on Raven Creek, a tributary of Pelican Creek in the Yellowstone Lake watershed, was undertaken in July, 1977. This project is part of a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ecological evaluation of stream sections with and without native (cutthroat) trout populations. In July 1978 a similar study was undertaken on sections of Virginia Creek with and without introduced (brook) trout populations. A final progress report will be completed by June 30, 1979.
Postfire Avian Ecology in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Jonas Robert , Pfister Allan
Published: July 2020

One objective of establishing Yellowstone National Park was to minimize human influence on the biotic communities. However, from the time of establishment (1872) through 1972, the policy was to suppress forest fires. Since natural fires play an important role in many environments, their importance to the Yellowstone ecosystem is being assessed. Little knowledge exists on avian succession immediately following a forest fire and several years postfire.
Biochemical and Cytogenetic Analysis of Cutthroat Trout Populations in Northwestern Wyoming
Authors: Loudenslager Eric
Published: July 2020

Prior to 1900 cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki ) inhabited most drainages of the intermountain west including the Columbia, South Saskatchewan, Missouri, Colorado, Arkansas, Rio Grande, and South Platte Rivers and the Great Basin. Because of overfishing, introductions of nonnative fish, and careless use of water resources, 99% of the original populations of Salmo clarki are believed to have gone extinct (Behnke, 1971). Recently, however, management agencies have become increasingly aware of the precarious situation the cutthroat trout is in and have implemented special regulations to help restore these fisheries.
Relationships Between Pocket Gopher Numbers and Selected Environmental Factors in Pelican Valley, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Youmans Clifton
Published: July 2020

This report concerns the current investigation of effects of selected environmental factors on numbers of pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) in Pelican Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. The study is being supported by the University of Wyoming/National Park Service Research Center. I wish to express my appreciation to the following individuals for their contributions to the study: Dr. Robert Moore, Montana State University, who directed the study and aided in the preparation of this report; Drs. Gerald Nielson, Clifford Montagne and Lawrence Munn, Montana State University, for aid in classification and analysis of soils from the study area; Dr. Theodore Weaver, Montana State University, for aid in analysis of vegetation data; Dr. John Taylor and Mr. Wayne Leininger, Montana State University, for assistance with aerial photography techniques; Mr. Roger Rudolph, Subdistrict Ranger, for his cooperation.
Food Habits of Bison at Wind Cave National Park
Authors: Dahlgren Robert , Popp Jewel
Published: July 2020

Wind Cave National Park (WCNP) in southwestern South Dakota represents a vestige of the prairie ecosystem. American bison (Bison bison) are the most numerous ungulates in the Park and the largest herbivore. Thus bison have potential for considerable impact on the rangelands. Relatively few studies (Meagher 1973, Peden et al. 1974, Peden 1976, Reynolds 1978) were conducted on bison food habits. None was conducted on mid-grass prairies typical of WCNP. Dietary information is important for determining the value of the range to bison as well as management of bison in relation to other herbivores. The objectives of this study are to determine seasonal food habits of bison, key forage species, and how the bison interact with other major herbivores in range use.
Microseismic Monitoring of Jackson Hole, Wyoming 10 July - 5 October, 1979
Authors: Meeder Chuck
Published: July 2020

As part of the Safety of Dams Program for Jackson Lake Dam, the Service operated an array ot five seismograph stations in the vicinity of Jackson Lake Dam for a period of 87 days. Approximately 110 microearthquakes were recorded in the Jackson Hole area and epicenters were determined using HYPO 71 (Lee and Lahr, 1975). Data from stations DCI and TMI are being incorporated into the Service's data set to provide better location accuracy for events west and south of the network; events in the Teton Range and southern Jackson Hole, respectively. The majority of the epicenters are 5-25 miles east of the Teton Range front in the Mt. Leidy Highlands. The spatial distribution of epicenters in this area is apparently random. However, this area is outside the limits of the seismograph array and the apparent randomness may be a result of poor location accuracy. However, similar monitoring carried out previously by the University of Utah, yielded comparable results. Only eight epicenters fall within 1 mile of the surface trace of the Teton fault, a relatively low number of events for such a major youthful structure. Six epicenters were located near the mouth of Arizona Creek where Behrendt and others (1968) have postulated a north-northwest trending branch of the Teton fault from gravity and seismic refraction data. From this study alone no coherent pattern of seismicity can be determined for Jackson Hole.
Food Habits of Bison and Their Relationship to Other Ungulates Using Rangelands in Wind Cave National Park
Authors: Popp Jewel , Dahlgren Robert
Published: July 2020

The range use patterns and food habits of Bison bison at Wind Cave National Park (WCNP) were observed during the winter, spring and summer of 1979. WCNP, a fenced area of 11,355 ha, is located in the southeastern portion of the Black Hills of South Dakota. Approximately 80 percent of the Park is in rolling mixed-grass prairie, and the remainder is rocky hills covered by Pinus onderosa. Other major herbivores inhabiting the Park include elk (Cervus elaphus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and black-tailed prairie dog (Cymomys ludovicianus). Information pertaining to the bison herd's use of range resources is necessary to make proper management decisions concerning the bison within the Park. In addition, because WCNP is a remnant representation of the mixed-grass floral and faunal complex, and because the bison are able to roam freely within the boundaries, this study was also an opportunity to describe the ways in which bison utilize some of the resources with which they evolved. Specific objectives of the study were to determine (1) seasonal food habits, key forage species, and differences in food habits between age and sex classes, and (2) interactions with other major ungulates using the range.
Lepidopteran Survey of Grand Teton National Park
Authors: Bagdonas K. , McGann T. , Rehg M. , Harrington M. , Blanche S.
Published: July 2020

Lepidopterans play an integral role in high altitude ecosystems of the Rocky Mountain region as larval herbivores and, more importantly as pollinating adults. Lepidopterans also constitute a major food source for many other invertebrates and vertebrates inhabiting these areas. However, very little is known about the lepidopteran fauna of Wyoming, particularly the Heterocera(moths), and especially in the National Parks. It has therefore been impossible to accurately assess the degree to which lepidopterans affect the ecosystems.
Peregrine Release in Grand Teton National Park
Authors: Burnham William
Published: July 2020

Peregrine falcons were never numerous relative to most other avian species, however, many historic nesting sites are known. In the Rocky Mountains approximately 50% of these sites exist in National Parks and Monuments. This year The Peregrine Fund, in cooperation with the Wyoming Game and Fish, Grand Teton National Park, and Bridger-Teton National Forest began restoration of the species in the Tetons. Three release sites were selected on high cliffs overlooking Jackson and Phelps Lakes in Grand Teton National Park.
A Comparative Study of Mating Strategies in Two Species of Philanthus (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)
Authors: Evans Howard , O'Neill Kevin
Published: July 2020

Our work on the reproductive biology of Philanthus pulcher and P. zebratus in Jackson Hole in 1980 was a continuation of a study which had three major objectives. The first was to determine the relationship between female and male activity patterns. As in other species with extensive female-contributed and no male-contributed parental investment, females are a resource necessary for reproductive success of males. Thus, the activity of females in time and space should be an important parameter affecting the evolution of male mating strategies. Our work in this area is being combined with data we have gathered elsewhere on other species of Philanthus (O'Neill and Evans, unpublished). The second objective was to determine what characteristic of males was important in determining reproductive success and the form of the mating strategy. Since our preliminary data on Philanthus indicated that body size may be the most important variable affecting male reproductive success, we concentrated on this aspect of male biology. This report will focus on our results in this area. The third objective was to determine the role of male-produced sex pheromones in the mating system. (* Erratum: pp. 56 and 57 should be 51 and 52 )
Mushrooms of Grand Teton National Park
Authors: McKnight Kent , Harper Kimball , McKnight Karl
Published: July 2020

This study attempts to inventory the mushrooms and related fungi of the Park and to assemble correlative data useful in park resource management and utilization. It is directed toward (1) determining what species of higher fungi grow in and around Grand Teton National Park; (2) appraising their role in the ecosystem; and (3) preparing descriptions, illustrations, and where possible, keys for the common species. Fungi included are mostly Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes with large or otherwise conspicuous fruiting bodies. Collecting is not confined to Grand Teton National Park but includes sites with similar ecology in the areas surrounding the Park.
Effects of Environmental Variables on Some Physiolgical Responses of Microtus montanus under Natural Conditions
Authors: Pinter Aelita
Published: July 2020

Cyclic fluctuations in the population density of microtine rodents have been known since antiquity. However, factors responsible for this phenomenon are not known. The objectives of this long term study are essentially fourfold. First, to characterize the environmental variables that might affect Microtus in different seasons of the year. Second, to record the growth, maturation and reproductive activity of Microtus montanus under natural conditions. Third, to determine the maturational as well as seasonal pelage changes of these rodents. Fourth, the data resulting from the execution of the first three objectives would be correlated in an attempt to determine the causes underlying the multiannual fluctuations in population density of these microtine rodents.
Population Study of Canada Geese of Jackson Hole
Authors: Radke Gary , Krementz David , Diem Kenneth
Published: July 2020

Dimmick (1968) considered the 1964 Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) of Jackson Hole to be stabilized at approximately 300 birds, of which 40-47 percent were breeding pairs. Despite a near doubling of the Canada Goose populations in the United States between 1955 and 1974, the Pacific Flyway populations of Canada Geese appear to have declined 10 percent (Bellrose 1976). An evaluation of the significance and causes of that decline will require careful studies of the various individual populations of Canada Geese representing the Pacific Flyway. The current status of the Jackson Hole Canada Goose population is unknown, as is the nature of the impacts on that population by the dramatic local increase of the human population and the attendant land use and associated developments. Man-induced environmental factors, i.e., PCB and other toxicants, on the wintering grounds and migration routes exert additional unknown impacts.
The Effects of Fire on Understory Vegetation in Ponderosa Pine Forests
Authors: Bock Jane , Bock Carl
Published: July 2020

This was the second year of our study designed to evaluate the nature of vegetation occurring under Pinus ponderosa canopy in Wind Cave National Park and to define the relationship between this vegetation and fire. Fire is known to be a natural phenomenon in ponderosa pine forests (Wright 1978), and to play a major role in determining the position of the pine-grassland ecotone in the Black Hills (Gartner and Thompson 1973). Wind Cave personnel are developing a fire management plan allowing for prescribed burning, in hopes of bringing the park ecosystems back under a "natural" fire regime. Results of our study will help park management predict the effects of such prescribed burning on the ponderosa pine community.
Effects of Fire on Bird and Small Mammal Communities in the Grasslands of Wind Cave National Park
Authors: Shown D. , Sloan N.
Published: July 2020

Wind Cave National Park began a prescribed burning program in 1972. Since that time various studies have been carried out to investigate what effect fire has on the vegetative communities within the Park. However, no study has dealt with the effects of fire on the bird and mammal population within the grassland association.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS COOPERATING WITH U.W.-N.P.S. RESEARCH CENTER
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a list of National Park Service areas cooperating with U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center including Montana and Wyoming, North Dakota and South Dakota.
Blacktail Prairie Dog Emmigration Study, Badlands National Park, South Dakota
Authors: Hansen R. , Cincotta R.
Published: July 2020

The blacktail prarie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) has evolved as a highly successful colonial herbivore with a definite role among natural prairie ecosystems (Coppock et al., 1980; McHugh, 1958). Their coloniality often creates high population densities and heavy use of vegetation (Klatt, 1971; Koford, 1958), inviting conflict with human land use. Exercising management extremes (i.e., completely exterminating prairie dog colonies or allowing the propagation of hugh populations) appears to present little difficulty. The necessary alternative of containing colonial areas and controlling population densities, however, will require nothing short of a complete understanding of prairie dog emigration ecology. Three basic types of prairie dog movement are possible: movements within towns, peripheral expansion of established towns, and long distance dispersals. The latter two categories are of most practical interest, though the amount of within group recruitment must surely exert some influence upon town expansion and dispersal. The subject has received little or no attention in the literature. Expansion of town perimeters and long distance dispersals appear as quite different phenomena. Observations on Badlands N.P. dog towns suggest that estabishment of peripheral burrows rarely occurs over 50 meters from an existing burrow system. Long distance dispersals appear, however, as less common, less successful events which bring individuals into other populations or initiate new colonies. Blacktail prairie dogs have been located over four miles from existing towns (Smith, 1958). Expansion along town peripheries has been described as both an early springtime activity (King, 1955; Koford, 1958; Smith, 1958) and an autumnal activity (Costello, 1970). Little agreement, and less data, exists upon the structure of these emigrating individuals; and only speculation is responsible for our present notions about the variables which control this movement.
Geology and Mammalian Paleontology of Neogene Strata in Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Authors: Barnosky Anthony
Published: July 2020

Stratigraphic distributions and geographic variation of small mammals, principally Miocene in age, are being studied. The aim is to help construct a biostratigraphic framework that covers the north-central Rockies, as well as to clarify the importance of large mountain ranges as biogeographic barriers for small mammals. Principal goals of the 1981 field season, which was part of a longer-term project (Barnosky, 1980), included detailed measurement of stratigraphic sections and collection of Neogene mammals in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. A secondary goal was field study of Tertiary sediments in nearby intermontane basins in order to understand the regional character of sedimentation.
Cyphoderris Strepitans (Orthoptera, Haglidae): Reproductive Behavior, Singer Movement and Predation
Authors: Morris G. , Dodson G.
Published: July 2020

Cyphoderris strepitans Morris & Gwynne (1978) is a primitive cricket-like insect, active in both Grand Teton and Yellowstone Parks in early spring. Males stridulate at night in sagebrush habitat, rubbing their tegmina together to produce a high-pitched trill. Females are attracted by these sounds and during the mating which follows, consume a portion of the male's metathoracic wings. This behaviour makes it possible to compare the mating activity of individually marked males under field conditions.
Some Effects of Fire on Vegetation and Wildlife in Ponderosa Pine Forests of the Southern Black Hills
Authors: Bock Jane , Bock Carl
Published: July 2020

This progress report summarized our findings in three years of research at Wind Cave National Park. Effects of prescription burns upon vegetation, birds, rodents, and bison were studied for three years in ponderosa pine forest and pine-grassland ecotone of Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. We established study plots and analyzed vegetation in summer 1979, prior to fall 1979 and spring 1980 burning. Vegetation and wildlife populations were studied in 1980 and 1981, through two post-fire growing seasons.
White Pelican Reproduction in the Molly Islands Breeding Colony, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Diem Kenneth
Published: July 2020

Compared to other North American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, breeding colonies, the Molly Islands Colony is a minor colony consisting of 400-600 adults (Lier and Behle, 1966; Diem and Condon, 1967; Sloan, 1973; Diem, 1976). Despite its small size, the colony is unique for these reasons: 1) it is the only White Pelican breeding colony in a national park; 2) the location of the colony at an elevation of 7,733 ft (2,357 m) is the highest recorded for any breeding colony of the species; 3) discovered in 1890, the colony has had variable surveillance since 1917, with relatively intense monitoring since 1965; 4) the breeding population is composed of birds from both coasts of North America; and 5) the colony's nesting sites on the two Molly Islands change frequently with no predictable pattern. The major objective of this project is to continue monitoring changes in the reproductive success of the Molly Islands White Pelican colony and to continue studies of the factors influencing those changes.
Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation: Cycling and Succession in Lodgepole Pine Forest
Authors: Romme W. , Yavitt J. , Knight D.
Published: July 2020

A research project was initiated in 1980 to study the effects of outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine forest (Pinus contorta Dougl. ssp. latifolia) in Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas. This native insect apparently has long been associated with lodgepole pine, and reports of small numbers of beetles can be found in Park records as early as 1925. However, in the late 1940's and early 1950's major outbreaks began to occur on the Caribou and Targhee National Forests immediately to the west and southwest of Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. An outbreak in Grand Teton National Park and the adjacent Teton National Forest began in the 1950's, with an explosive increase in 1961 followed by an eventual subsidence in the late 1960's. The first major outbreak in Yellowstone National Park began in the late 1960's in the Bechler and South Entrance areas, reaching a peak there in 1970 and later declining. Yearly aerial surveys conducted thereafter showed a steady northward movement of the outbreak through the western half of the Park at a rate of 1 - 5 km per year. By 1978 the peak outbreak was centered around West Yellowstone, with hundreds of infested trees per hectare. The outbreak is now moving north and east along the Madison and Gibbon Rivers, with the greatest beetle populations currently in the vicinity of Madison Junction.
SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS COOPERATING WITH THE U.W.-N.P.S. RESEARCH CENTER, 1981.
Authors: The National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a summary of research activities within the National Park Service areas cooperating with the U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center for 1981, including Badlands National Monument, Fossil Butte National Monument, Glacier National Park, Grand Teton National Park, Wind Cave National Park and Yellowstone National Park
Mushrooms of Grand Teton National Park
Authors: McKnight Kent , Harper Kimbal , McKnight Karl
Published: July 2020

The recent checklist of macrofungi of Teton and Yellowstone Parks (McKnight 1982) provides a foundation on which to develop a more extensive floristic study. Collections of fungi and measurements of soil moisture were made in and around the Parks during the summer and early autumn of 1982 directed toward (1) adding to the number of species known to occur there; (2) comparing the mushroom species fruiting on 11 different forest stands over a 12-week period; and (3) elucidating possible correlations with mushroom fruiting and soil moisture.
Baseline Survey of Plant and Animal Species; Evaluation of the Riverside Environment, Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site
Authors: Bromenshenk Jerry , Rice Peter , Tourangeau Phillip
Published: July 2020

This research project has two primary objectives. The first, which has been funded for the growing season of 1983, is to furnish a core of basic data essential to proper management. of the historic site. This includes surveys of plants and animals to identify species which currently exist, their relative abundances and distributions, the occurrence of exotic versus native species, as well as, the presence of any rare or endangered species. Plant collections for display and reference purposes will be established. Survey results will be collated into maps presenting the geographic distribution of dominant species and their relative abundance. In addition, we will prepare in cooperation with James Taylor, Superintendent, and his staff a set of management recommendations concerning the natural resources of the site.
White Pelican Reproduction in the Molly Islands Breeding Colony, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Diem Kenneth
Published: July 2020

Compared to other North American White Pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, breeding colonies, the Molly Islands Colony is a minor colony consisting of 400-600 adults (Lier and Behle, 1966; Diem and Condon, 1967; Sloan, 1973; Diem, 1976). Despite its small size, the colony is unique for these reasons: 1) it is the only White Pelican breeding colony in a national park; 2) the location of the colony at an elevation of 7,733 ft. (2,357 m) is the highest recorded for any breeding colony of the species; 3) discovered in 1890, the colony has had variable surveillance since 1917, with relatively intense monitoring since 1965; 4) the breeding population is composed of birds from both coasts of North America; and 5) the colony's nesting sites on the two Molly Islands change frequently with no predictable pattern. The major objective of this project is to continue monitoring changes in the reproductive success of the Molly Islands White Pelican colony and to continue studies of the factors influencing those changes.
Identification of Sensitive Air Pollution Receptors in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Eversman Sharon
Published: July 2020

This project has three major objectives. The first is to collect and identify lichens from all representative substrates and vegetation types encountered in the study area, the Mammoth Hot Springs vicinity. The second is to establish permanent study plots on suitable substrates for subsequent sampling, using data from 1982-1983 as baseline information. The third objective is to specify lichen species present in this area of the Park that are sensitive to air pollutants.
Mountain Pine Beetle Infestation: Cycling and Succession in Lodgepole Pine Forest
Authors: Romme W. , Yavitt J. , Knight D. , Fedders J.
Published: July 2020

A research project was initiated in 1980 to study the effects of outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) on lodgepole pine forests (Pinus contorta spp. latifolia) in Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas. This native bark beetle recently has killed millions of trees over thousands of square kilometers in the central and northern Rocky Mountains. Major outbreaks first occurred in Grand Teton National Park in the 1950's and in Yellowstone National Park in the 1960's. The outbreak in Yellowstone Park is still spreading.
Chronology of Neogene Sedimentary Rocks in Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Authors: Burbank Douglas
Published: July 2020

The Miocene sediments of the Jackson Hole area constitute a unique sequence of terrestrial sediments. While much of the surrounding terrain was undergoing denudation during the Miocene, over 4000 m of volcaniclastic, lacustrine, and fluvial sediments accumulated in the vicinity of Jackson Hole. Recently completed paleontological and palynological studies have served to delineate complex biostratigraphic and climatic histories. The present research project is using magnetostratigraphy, fission-track dating, and K-Ar dating to develop a chronology for the Miocene sediments. This chronology will permit the paleontological data to be examined in a precise temporal framework. Similarly, the rates and timing of climatic change as inferred from the pollen record will be constrained through these magnetostratigraphy studies.
Research on the Birds of the Northern Rockies
Authors: Johnsgard Paul
Published: July 2020

The objective of this research was to gather local information on the distribution of birds in Grand Teton National Park and vicinity, and to use the library facilities of the Research Center for reference materials not otherwise available to me.
Distribution of Littoral Macrophytes in Jackson Lake, Wyoming
Authors: Brewer C. , Parker M.
Published: July 2020

The research described here is part of a 2-year study to characterize the structure and function of the littoral macrophyte community in Jackson Lake, Grand Teton National Park. The objectives for the 1st year were: 1) to identify the plant species occuring in the lake; 2) to quantify their relative abundances; 3) to characterize the littoral habitat, and; 4) to construct a detailed map of macrophyte distribution. Data collected during the first field season will be used to help evaluate results of experiments conducted during year two on mechanisms affecting macrophyte segregation.
Substrate Characterization of Retrogressive Oligotrophy in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Kaster Jerry , Klump J. , Edgington David
Published: July 2020

Our research attempts to characterize the recent historical events in Yellowstone Lake, especially with regard to the hypothesis that the lake has become more oligotrophic.
RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR JACKSON HOLE BIOLOGICAL STATON (1951-1975) AND U.W.-N.P.S. RESEARCH CENTER (1975-1983)
Authors: The National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This sections contains a Research Bibliography for Jackson Hole Biological Station (1951-1975) and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center (1975-1983)
Effect of Fire on Mixed-Grass Plant Communities in Badlands National Park
Authors: Whisenant Steven , Uresk Dan
Published: July 2020

This research has two principle objectives. The first of these is to determine the influence of fire on the density and peak standing crop of the major grass species of the Badlands National Park mixed-grass prairie. The second major objective is to develop burning prescriptions that would favor native plant species over exotics. Preemergent herbicide treatments have been added to provide an alternative method of controlling exotic annual plants.
The Geochronology and Stratigraphic Evolution of Neogene Sedimentary Rocks in Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Authors: Burbank Douglas
Published: July 2020

The Miocene sediments of the Jackson Hole area constitute a unique sequence of terrestrial sediments. While much of the surrounding terrain was undergoing denudation during the Miocene, over 4000 m of volcaniclastic, lacustrine, and fluvial sediments accumulated in the vicinity of Jackson Hole. Recently completed paleontological and palynological studies have served to delineate complex biostratigraphic and climatic histories. The present research project has several goals. Chronologies are being developed for the Miocene sediments through the use of magnetic-polarity stratigraphies and fission-track dating. Sedimentation histories are being studied by combining lithologic data with chronologic information.
Factors Controlling Macrophyte Breakage in Jackson Lake, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Authors: Parker Michael , Brewer Carol , Thompson Thomas
Published: July 2020

The research described here is part of a two year study to characterize the structure and function of the littoral macrophyte community in Jackson Lake, Wyoming. The objectives for the second year were to perform experiments to: 1) Index water movement in the littoral zone of the lake; 2) Identify the zones where the greatest plant breakage occured; 3) Determine the mechanisms and the absolute force required to break the main axis of a plant, and; 4) Measure the productivity of several species of macrophytes.
Aspects of the Pollination Ecology of Selected Native Flora in Grand Teton National Park
Authors: Scogin Ron
Published: July 2020

My investigations during July and August, 1984 at the U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center had two primary objectives, both involving problems of pollination ecology of flora native to Grand Teton National Park: 1. A survey of the distribution of floral coloration on a community basis within the park; and 2. A preliminary study of the pollination ecology of the color morphs of Delphinium occidentale (Ranunculaceae).
Antiquity, Original Size and Location of Prarie Dog Towns in the Wind Cave National Park
Authors: White Everett
Published: July 2020

To describe and interpret soil morphology and properties in selected prairie dog mounds in order to estimate the length of time the mound has been in use and support this estimate with C14 dates if stratigraphically identifiable organic materials are available m the mounds.
Development of a Valid Aging Procedure for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout
Authors: Hubert Wayne , Baxter George
Published: July 2020

Fishery managers are often hampered in population assessment efforts by an inability to accurately age target species. This problem prevents reliable mathematical calculations on the influence of existing or proposed regulations on fish yield and population structure. Such is the case with cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park. Currently the cutthroat trout are aged using scales, but there is substantial inaccuracy in the aging, especially among older fish. The objective of this project is to assess alternative aging structures that may produce more accurate results. Several bony structures have been shown to be superior to scales in the aging of older fish. These structures include otoliths and various fin rays. This project will compare the results of age determinations using scales to the results obtained using other skeletal structures.
Yellowstone Lake: An Evaluation of Patterns in Productivity
Authors: Romme W. , Knight D.
Published: July 2020

This study was initiated in 1982 to critically evaluate the evidence (Varley 1974, Shero and Parker 1977) that primary productivity in Yellowstone Lake has decreased during the last 1500 years with an accelerated decline in the last century.
Fire and Landscape Dynamics in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Romme William , Despain Don
Published: July 2020

This study is an investigation of long-term patch dynamics in the mosaic of forest communities covering the subalpine plateaus of Yellowstone Park.
Research Bibliography for Jackson Hole Biological Station (1951-1975) and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center (1975-1983)
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a Research Bibliography for Jackson Hole Biological Station (1951-1975) and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center (1975-1983)
An Oral History Program on the Battle of Little Bighorn from the Perspective of the Indian Descendants
Authors: Jackson Royal
Published: July 2020

The general objective of this research is to develop an oral history program on the Battle of Little Bighorn from the perspective of the Northern Cheyenne Indian descendants of this famous encounter with General George A. Custer and the U.S. 7th Cavalry. The specific objectives are: 1. Complete oral history interviews with no less than 15 informants of the Northern Cheyenne Tribe, who shall be selected by the National Park Service; 2. Transcribe all interviews in the form of typed manuscripts; and 3. Develop a cross-referenced retrieval index system. An optional objective is to provide training in oral history methodology for personnel identified by the National Park Service who might continue the program.
Vegetation Analysis and Management for Fort Laramie National Historic Site, Wyoming
Authors: Olmsted Charles , Perez Javier
Published: July 2020

The research underway has three principal objectives. The first of these is to expand the knowledge of the existing vegetation of the site. The site has almost quadrupled in size (to 836 acres) and only portions of the original site have been investigated (Davis, 1959; Johnson, 1978). The second objective is to develop an understanding of the historic vegetation of the area. National Park Service (NPS) plans for the interpretation of the site call for an historic time frame of the 1870's but the diverse uses of the property over the past century have created vegetation distributions that are not congruent with that time period. The third objective is to develop a vegetation management plan for the site that will convert the existing vegetation into an approximation of the historical vegetation and provide guidelines for maintaining that appearance.
Late-Glacial and Postglacial Vegetation and Climate of Jackson Hole and the Pinyon Peak Highlands, Wyoming
Authors: Barnosky Cathy
Published: July 2020

The late-Quaternary vegetation history of the northern Rocky Mountains has thus far been inferred largely from isolated records. These data suggest that conifer forests were established early in postglacial time and were little modified thereafter. The similarity of early postglacial vegetation to modern communities over broad areas gives rise to two hypotheses: (1) that glacial refugia were close to the ice margin, and (2) that vegetation soon colonized the deglaciated areas and has been only subtly affected by climatic perturbations since that time. It is the goal of this project to test these two hypotheses in the region of Grand Teton National Park.
Taxonomy and Ecology of Ectomycorrhizal Macrofungi of Grand Teton National Park
Authors: McKnight Kent , Harper Kimball , McKnight Karl
Published: July 2020

The research underway is directed toward 3 primary objectives. The first is to inventory and document the presence of the species of macrofungi growing in Grand Teton National Park and environs. Detailed descriptions are written for new and uncommon species. A second objective is to appraise the role of macrofungi in the Park ecosystem and the third is to prepare keys, illustrations, and descriptions for as many species as possible.
Acoustic Behavior in Cyphoderris strepitans
Authors: Morris Glenn
Published: July 2020

Cyphoderris strepitans, is a primitive orthopteran which survives only in the mountains of Wyoming and Colorado (Morris and Gwynne 1978). The males rub their forewings together to produce a calling song. This stridulation is presumed to function, as in other acoustic Orthoptera, in attracting conspecific fema1es for mating and in maintaining a broadcast territory around each singer.
Research Bibliography for Jackson Hole Biological Station (1951-1975) and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center (1975-1985)
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a Research Bibliography for Jackson Hole Biological Station (1951-1975) and U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center (1975-1985)
Habitat Utilization, Interspecific Interactions, and Status of a Recolonized Population of Bighorn Sheep at a Wildhorse Range
Authors: Coates Kevin , Schemnitz Sanford
Published: July 2020

The research in this study covered 8 objectives listed throughout the article.
Abundance and Distribution of Vascular Plants in the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area
Authors: Knight Dennis , Jones George , Akashi Yoshiko , Myers Richard
Published: July 2020

This study began in 1983 and, as originally proposed, has three phases: 1. Floristic survey and herbarium development (1983-84); 2. Vegetation analysis and classification (1984-85); and 3. Conclusion of vegetation analysis and preparation of a vegetation map (1985-86). Justification for the study was to provide the Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area (BCNRA) with basic vegetation information that could be helpful in resource management. Very little ecological research had been done in the BCNRA.
Plant Community Distribution and Dynamics in Bryce Canyon National Park
Authors: Roberts David
Published: July 2020

The research status for the first year is presented under the following objectives: 1. To integrate the existing information on plant communities of Bryce Canyon National Park into the proposed research; 2. To determine the appropriate level of detail for implementation of the successional classification, and to prepare a preliminary community type classification; 3. To determine the suitability of draft SCS Ecological Site Types as non-forest habitat types; 4. To begin collection of field data necessary for development of the proposed vegetation classifications; 5. To collect sufficient ground truth for creation of an extrapolative mapping system to map large areas of the Park; and 6. To identify and characterize the distributions of rare or endangered plants within the Park.
A Vegetation Study of Capitol Reef National Park
Authors: Heil Kenneth , Fleming Rich , Porter J. , Romme William
Published: July 2020

Capitol Reef National Park lies in a relatively unexplored region of southcentral Utah. The diversity in geology and the elevation gradient (3,500-9,000 feet) allows for diverse vegetation including endemic and rare taxa (Welsh and Chatterley, 1985). Previous floristic studies have been conducted in San Rafael Swell (Harris, 1980) and the Henry Mountains (Neese, 1981); however, aside from classification of coniferous habitat types (Youngblood and Mauk, 1985), no community studies have been done in this region.
Taxonomy and Ecology of Ectomycorrhizal Macrofungi of Grand Teton National Park
Authors: McKnight Kent , Harper Kimball , McKnight Karl
Published: July 2020

The broad, long-term objectives of this study are (1) to determine what species of higher fungi grow in forest, range, and pasturelands in and around Grand Teton National Park: (2) to appraise their role in the ecosystem; and (3) to prepare descriptions, keys and illistrations for the common species. These are approached simultaneously although smaller, specific segments are emphasized in different collecting seasons.
Baseline Inventories of Fish, Reptile, Mammal, Amphibian and Avian Species of the Knife River Indian Villages N.R.S.
Authors: Gould William , Moore Robert
Published: July 2020

The ongoing research has the following objectives. 1. Establish baseline data on vertebrate populations and their ecological distributions. 2. Identify and estimate population sizes for state and federally listed threatened or endangered species and develop management recommendations for them. 3. Identify and estimate population sizes of exotic species. The study will provide basic management information relative to threatened or endangered species and relative to maintenance of native species in the remnants of native prairie and Missouri River bottom land on the KNRI.
Fire and Landscape Dyamics in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Romme William , Despain Don
Published: July 2020

This study is an investigation of long-term patch dynamics in the mosasic of forest communities covering the subalpine plateaus of Yellowstone National Park. The study is being supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant No. BSR - 8408181). Our specific objectives were rummarized in the 1985 Annual Report.
The Relationship of Climate to Sedimentation Rates in Lakes and Ponds in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Wright, Jr. H.
Published: July 2020

The problem posed concerns the relative importance of climate, fire, hillslope erosion induced by overgrazing, and nutrient enrichment as recorded in selected lakes in the Northern Range of Yellowstone National Park especially during the last 150 years, when populations of elk are known to have fluctuated greatly, and when slight climatic changes are suggested from other lines of research.
SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS COOPERATING WITH THE U.W.-N.P.S. RESEARCH CENTER, 1986.
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a summary of research activities within the National Park Service areas cooperating with the U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center in 1986, including Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Canyonlands National Park, Capitol Reef National Park, Custer Battlefield National Monument, Dinosaur National Monument, Fort Laramie National Historic Site, Glacier National Park, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Grand Teton National Park, Jewel Cave National Monument, Knife River Indian Villages National Historic Site, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Wind Cave National Park, Yellowstone National Park and Zion National Park.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS COOPERATING WITH U.W.-N.P.S. RESEARCH CENTER
Authors: National Park Service Research Center University of Wyoming
Published: July 2020

This section contains a list of National Park Service areas cooperating with U.W.-N.P.S. Research Center including Montana and Wyoming, North Dakota and South Dakota and Utah.
Inventory of Plant Species of Special Concern and the General Taxa of Dinosaur National Monument
Authors: Kuntz David , Galatowitsch Susan , Naumann Tamara , O'Kane Steven , Neely Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

Approximately one-third of Dinosaur National Monument was surveyed in 1987 for rare plants, general flora and high quality vegetation sites.The inventory focused on areas containing habitat with the highest probability of supporting rare plant species south of the Yampa River.
Scabies Control in Free-Ranging Elk
Authors: Muschenheim Alexandra
Published: July 2020

The Objective of this study using free-ranging elk and a related study using captive elk was to test the efficacy and safety of a new parasiticide, ivermectin, for the control of psoroptic scabies in elk. Scabies is a disease caused by mites of the genus Psoroptes which pierce the epidermis of the host and feed on lymph. Infected areas become heavily encrusted with exudate, and scabs and hair are eventually shed (Tarry, 1974). Scabies results in hair, fluid, and heat loss; ear canal occlusion; secondary infections; decreased weight gain; and mortality in domestic and wild animals (Tarry 1974, Colwell and Dunlap 1975, Lange et al. 1980, Fisher and Wright 1981). Scabies (Psoroptes cervinus) has long been known to occur in elk ( Cervus elaphus) of the Jackson Hole herd (Murie, 1951; Honess, 1982). Severe infestation is most common in mature bulls and it is a major cause of winter mortality in this sex and age class (Smith 1985). Effective treatment of scabies in wild animals has not been practical. Conventional techniques used on domestic animals involve dipping in antiparasitic chemicals. A relatively new parasiticide, ivermectin (22, 23 dihydroavermectin B1), has shown promise for treating domestic and wild animals (Egerton, et al., 1980). Ivermectin is a broad spectrum antiparasitic agent which acts upon nematodes and arthropods and has a wide range between therapeutic and toxic dose in most animals (Campbell and Benz, 1984). Successful completion of this project will likely demonstrate a technique to save the lives of scabies infested bull elk; more importantly, it may demonstrate a method for controlling scabies in elk.
Giardia and Other Intestinal Parasites of Small Mammals in Grand Teton National Park
Authors: O'Dell William , Watkins Raychel , Pinter Aelita
Published: July 2020

The long-range objectives of this research on the biological cost of parasitism to small mammals are: 1) to document the incidence and prevalence of Giardia and other parasites in Microtus and other sympatric small mammals of Grand Teton National Park: 2) to compare parasite loads for these animals during wet and dry seasons: 3) to determine the incidence of intestinal parasites in Microtus during a growth cycle that ranges from years of lowest to years of highest population densities of the hosts, 4) to investigate the relationship of parasite infection to reproductive success in Microtus, and 5) to investigate small mammals as potential reservoirs of human parasites such as Giardia.