bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Management of Pneumonia in Infants Less Than 90 Days of Age
Authors: Amirault Janine P. , Porter John J. , Hirsch Alexander W. , Lipsett Susan C. , Neuman Mark I.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Current guidelines and recent studies on pediatric pneumonia pertain to children older than 3 months of age. Little information exists regarding the diagnostic evaluation, management, and outcomes of infants less than 90 days with pneumonia.

METHODS

We compared infants <90 days of age diagnosed with pneumonia across 38 US children’s hospitals from 2016 to 2021 to children 90 days to 5 years of age. We evaluated whether differences exist in patient characteristics, diagnostic testing, antibiotic treatment, and outcomes between young infants and older children. Additionally, we assessed seasonal variability and trends over time in pneumonia diagnoses by age group.

RESULTS

Among 109 796 children diagnosed with pneumonia, 3128 (2.8%) were <90 days of age. Compared with older children, infants <90 days had more laboratory testing performed (88.6% vs 48.8%, P < .001; median number of laboratory tests 4 [interquartile range: 2–5] vs 0 [interquartile range: 0–3] respectively), with wide variation in testing across hospitals. Chest radiograph utilization did not differ by age group. Infants <90 days were more likely to be hospitalized and require respiratory support than older children. Seasonal variation was observed for pneumonia encounters in both age groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Infants <90 days with pneumonia were more likely to undergo laboratory testing, be hospitalized, and require respiratory support than children 90 days to 5 years of age. This may reflect inherent differences in the pathophysiology of pneumonia by age, the manner in which pneumonia is diagnosed, or possible overuse of testing in infants.
Sekonder lenfödemli bir hastada tüp mide cerrahisi öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan kompleks boşaltıcı fizyoterapinin etkinliği: vaka raporu
Authors: ABAKAY Hanife , DOĞAN Hanife , ATİLABEY GÜÇ Ayşe , AKBAYRAK Türkan
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu vaka sunumunun amacı, over kanseri ile ilişkili sekonder lenfödemi olan bir hastada tüp mide cerrahisi (TMC) öncesinde lenfödem şikayeti için uygulanan Kompleks Boşaltıcı Fizyoterapi (KBF) ile aynı hastada TMC sonrasında uygulanan KBF’nin etkisini incelemek ve KBF’nin beden algısı, yaşam kalitesi ve anksiyete seviyesi üzerine olan etkisini araştırmaktı.

Yöntem: Bu vaka raporuna over kanseri ile ilişkili unilateral (sol) alt ekstremitesinde sekonder lenfödem gelişen 44 yaşındaki kadın hasta dahil edildi. Hastaya TMC öncesi ve TMC sonrası 30 seans KBF uygulandı. Tüm değerlendirmeler KBF uygulamasından önce ve sonra yapıldı. Ödem şiddeti çevre ölçümü ve doku altı sıvı yüzdesi (doku altı dielektrik sabiti) ölçümleri ile belirlendi. Hastanın beden algısı, yaşam kalitesi ve anksiyete düzeyi sırasıyla Beden Algısı Ölçeği (BAÖ), Lenfödem Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (LYMQOL) ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (STAI) kullanılarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çevre ölçümlerinde en belirgin azalmanın TMC sonrası uygulanan KBF ile quadriceps kasının orta noktasında olduğu bulundu (KBF’den önce 101,1cm→KBF’den sonra 60,8cm). TMC öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan KBF ile sol alt ekstremite doku altı sıvı yüzdelerinde en çok azalmanın sırasıyla malleol (%35,54) ve bacaktaki (%36,84) ölçüm noktalarında olduğu görüldü. TMC sonrası uygulanan KBF ile BAÖ, LYMQOL ve STAI puanları sırasıyla 89, 2,27, 46 puan olarak bulundu.

Sonuç: Bu vaka sunumu TMC öncesi ve sonrası uygulanan KBF’nin lenfödem şiddetini azaltmada ve beden algısını, yaşam kalitesini ve kaygı düzeyini iyileştirmede etkili bir yöntem olduğunu gösterdi. Obez lenfödemli hastalarda TMC öncesi uygulanan KBF’nin cerrahi sonrasındaki tedavinin başarısı üzerine olan etkisini belirlemek için randomize kontrollü çalışmalar planlanmalıdır.
Bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimi olan çocukların kardeşlerinin katılım düzeylerinin incelenmesi: anne perspektifi
Authors: TÜRKER Duygu , GÜMÜŞ Öznur , KORKEM YORULMAZ Duygu , YILDIRIM ŞAHAN Tezel
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Özel gereksinimli bir çocuğa sahip olmak aileler için birçok sorunu beraberinde getirmekte aile yapısında, işleyişinde ve aile üyelerinin rollerinde değişiklikler yaratmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinimli çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren kardeşlerinin katılım düzeyleri ile, katılım düzeylerini etkileyen bariyer ve destekleyicileri anne perspektifinden incelemekti.

Yöntem: Çalışma bilişsel veya bedensel özel gereksinime sahip olan 8-17 yaş aralığındaki çocukların tipik gelişim gösteren, herhangi bir kronik rahatsızlığı olmayan kardeşleri ve anneleri ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma, bilişsel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=12,5±2,25 yıl; 10 kadın, 20 erkek), bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan grupta 30 (yaş ortalaması=11,87±2,60 yıl; 16 kadın, 14 erkek) olmak üzere toplam 60 birey ile tamamlandı. Çalışmada sosyo-demografik bilgi formu ve katılımı değerlendirmek için Çocuklar ve Gençler İçin Katılım ve Çevre Ölçümü (PEM-CY) anketi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Bedensel özel gereksinimli kardeşi olan çocukların okul ve toplumsal ortamlardaki etkinliklerdeki katılım düzeyleri diğer grup ile karşılaştırıldığında daha fazla idi. Bu grupta yer alan bireyler toplumsal ortamda daha fazla çevresel desteğe sahip idi (p
An alternative postural control test: Correlation of modified functional reach with limits of stability
Authors: KARABULUT Mustafa , GÜRSES Emre , AKSOY Songül
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation of Functional Reach Test (FRT) and its modified versions (mFRTs) with the outcomes of Limits of Stability (LoS), and to identify the most appropriate test method to use in postural control assessment.

Methods: Forty-six participants were included in the study. The participants performed FRT and mFRTs: firm ground dominant arm (FRT), firm ground both arms (FRTFB), soft ground dominant arm (FRTSD), soft ground both arms (FRTSB) and firm ground lateral FRTs. LoS was carried out with static posturography. The correlation of FRT and mFRTs with LoS parameters was evaluated as reaching distance and movement time.

Results: A strong positive correlation was found between FRTFB and LoS-I (forward direction) endpoint excursion and maximum excursion (p
Cambio climático, género y salud mental: una revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA
Authors: Márquez-Jiménez Giselle Montserrat , Padilla-Loredo Silvia
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir el impacto del cambio climático en la salud mental con perspectiva de género. La revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA analizó la literatura científica de los últimos veinte años, por medio de la búsqueda combinada de palabras clave en bases de datos científicas. La primera parte plantea la problemática del fenómeno del cambio climático con el propósito de resolver los interrogantes: ¿De qué manera podrían impactar los efectos del cambio climático a la salud mental de la población?; ¿Las investigaciones sobre el impacto del cambio climático en la salud mental se abordaron con perspectiva de género? La segunda parte se desarrolla con base en la Teoría de Género de Yvonne Hirdman, la metodología PRISMA y los materiales y métodos. Dentro de los resultados se destaca cómo la incertidumbre que rodea a la crisis climática ha provocado que trastornos como la ecoansiedad, econostalgia, solastalgia y ecoparálisis comprometan el bienestar mental de la población, mientras que la discusión de los mismos apunta a que esto representaría para la Sociología de la Salud un área de oportunidad en investigación que permita adaptarse en diversos contextos y temporalidades.
Políticas públicas para el aprovechamiento sustentable del maguey pulquero (Agave salmiana) en Hidalgo, México
Authors: Roldan-Cruz Edgar Iván , Medina-Mendoza Carmen , Mendoza-Tolentino Yucundo
Published: July 2023

México es centro de origen y diversidad del género Agave con 223 especies en el mundo. El estado de Hidalgo es uno de los cinco principales productores, con una superficie de 4,482 hectáreas registradas en 2021. El maguey pulquero (Agave salmiana), pertenece al género en mención, tiene una alta capacidad de retención de agua, conservación de suelos, son eficientes en la captación de carbono e inclusive en procesos de bioenergía; sin embargo, la superficie de plantación ha disminuido en las regiones productoras. Es por lo anterior, que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las bondades de la planta de maguey pulquero como un cultivo resiliente y elaborar una propuesta de política pública para el estado de Hidalgo, México. Para lograrlo, se realizaron seis foros participativos con productores de maguey y tomadores de decisiones en diferentes municipios de Hidalgo, también se llevaron a cabo mesas temáticas entre especialistas en el ámbito científico y académico. Dentro de las características que presenta la planta de maguey se destaca la facilidad de adaptación a climas áridos, ello se debe a que presenta metabolismo ácido crasuláceo. Como producto de los foros y mesas de trabajo se realiza una propuesta de política pública denominada “Ley para la Protección, Conservación, Fomento y Aprovechamiento de la Cadena Agroalimentaria del Maguey”, que permita impulsar las plantaciones y considerar a la planta de maguey como una cadena agroalimentaria y, además, contribuir a mitigar el cambio climático.
Підвищення ефективності потужних паротурбінних установок у результаті використання природного газу та кисню
Authors: Лавренченко Г.К.
Published: July 2023

Паротурбінні установки – основа сучасної теплоенергетики. Один із способів підвищення їх ефективності полягає у збільшенні температури робочого тіла перед турбінами за рахунок змішування водяної пари з продуктами згоряння природного газу в чистому кисні. Аналіз цього способу показав, що ефективність такої установки можна суттєво підвищити в результаті використання термохімічної регенерації (ТХР) теплоти природного газу. На підтвердження правильності прийнятих рішень наводилися розрахунки кількох типів паротурбінних установок (ПТУ) К-1200-240. Метою було розгляд та дослідження трьох задач: 1. Зменшити енерговитрати на забезпечення роботи допоміжного обладнання. 2. Зменшити витрати природного газу, кисню, а також кількість діоксиду вуглецю, що виділяється. 3. Досягти більш високої енергоекологічної ефективності застосовуваного способу. Для вирішення першої задачі було максимально знижено енерговитрати на стиснення природного газу та кисню. Для цього кисень компримувався в рідкому стані за допомогою насоса до тиску 24 МПа і потім газифікувався. Для вирішення другої задачі в камерах згоряння стали використовувати кисень та конвертований газ. У зв'язку з цим до складу ПТУ було включено блок каталітичної парової конверсії метану. Використовуваний потік газу ділився на дві частини: більша його частина (80 %) брала участь у конверсії метану, а менша (20 %) – забезпечувала теплотою процес конверсії. З метою підвищення ефективності сучасних потужних ПТУ за рахунок застосування способу збільшення ТХР теплоти проводилася двоступенева конверсія метану для одержання чистого водню, який потім спалюється в камерах згоряння і в конверторі. Для вирішення третьої задачі необхідно отримати у вигляді низькотемпературної рідини діоксид вуглецю, що видаляється з конденсаторів ПТУ, а також з димових газів, що утворилися після спалювання частини газу, який забезпечує теплотою процес конверсії. Останній варіант ПТУ К-1200-240 ТХР може забезпечувати термічний ККД – 65,5 %, а ефективний – 57,6 %, що підтверджує високу ефективність використання газу. Установка також виробить додатковий продукт – рідкий низькотемпературний діоксид вуглецю, що може повністю знизити емісію СО2 в навколишнє середовище
Аналіз ефективності роботи охолоджувача повітря з дисперсним проміжним теплоносієм
Authors: Косой Б.В. , Арику А.В.
Published: July 2023

Метою роботи є визначення доцільності конструювання охолоджувача повітря з дисперсним проміжним теплоносієм на підставі аналізу теплових розрахунків. Розглядається проблема утворення інею в повітроохолоджувачах, які використовуються в складських приміщеннях, призначених для зберігання плодоовочевої продукції. Обговорені принципи роботи охолоджувачів повітря, що реалізують спосіб запобігання утворення інею за використання псевдозрідженого шару та рухомого щільного шару. Основна увага в роботі приділена способу запобігання утворення інею на поверхні теплообміну за рахунок виключення її безпосереднього контакту з охрлоджуючим повітрям. Представлені результати перевірочного розрахунку повітроохолоджувача при стаціонарному режимі за наступними вихідними даними: витрата повітря – 1,6 кг∕с, температура повітря на вході – 2,0 °С; вологовміст повітря – 4,3 г∕кг; витрата проміжного дисперсного теплоносія (ПДТ) – 1,6 кг∕с; еквівалентний діаметр частинок – 0,003 м; матеріал – щебінь, висота камери – 1,3 м, довжина камери – 1,5 м, ширина камери – 0,03 м. За результатами розрахунків визначені локальні температури і вологовміст в різних перерізах та ступінь осушення повітря. Наведений аналіз комплексу ξ, який характеризує відношення термічних опорів міжкомпонентного теплообміну в камері охолодження до теплообміну шару ПДТ з тепловідвідними поверхнями в камері. Запропоновані заходи щодо підвищення комплексу ξ та визначено вплив діаметру часток, швидкості повітря в камері охолодження, швидкості руху шару твердого (дисперсного) матеріалу. Наведені результати зіставлення характеристик повітроохолоджувача з псевдозрідженим шаром з повітроохолоджувачем із щільним шаром. Результати роботи можуть бути використані при проек­туванні та оптимізації повітроохолоджувача та аналогічних апаратів із щільним рухомим шаром
Pedagogical issues of Senior Phase teachers when teaching the matter and materials strand of natural sciences
Authors: Ntuli Thuli G. , Mudau Awelani V.
Published: July 2023

The study reported on here was a qualitative interpretative case study. We explored the pedagogical issues of Senior Phase natural sciences teachers when teaching the matter and materials strand in some of the schools in the Siyabuswa circuit. This study was motivated by the concerted focus on the Fourth Industrial Revolution in developing countries with a particular focus on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) subjects, fast-tracked by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. The following question guided the study: What are the classroom practices of teachers when teaching the matter and materials strand in the Senior Phase? Semi-structured interviews and observations were used to collect data from 2 purposefully sampled participants. The findings show that some natural sciences teachers are frustrated with the teaching of natural sciences as they are teaching out of their fields of expertise. Furthermore, they are not qualified to teach the subject and the workshops presented are not capacitating them to teach the strand. Their limited content knowledge (CK) and weak subject matter knowledge (SMK) result in misconceptions, which could be transferred to their learners. Moreover, the lack of CK and SMK also impacts on their choice of instructional strategies as they still prefer traditional methods of teaching, which promotes memorisation. In the study, even the teacher who was qualified to teach the subject still lacked content knowledge and instructional strategies like the unqualified one. The challenge is that the core resource in increasing interest and uptake in the STEM subjects, the teacher, is lacking knowledge and instructional strategies. It is, therefore, prudent to recommend tailor-made content enrichment workshops on the matter and materials strand. These workshops should also be intertwined with pedagogical issues. We also recommend studies on specific topics in the matter and materials strand as this study focused only on a broad overview of the strand.
Current clinical application of dantrolene sodium
Authors: Yang Hong Seuk , Choi Jae Moon , In Junyong , Sung Tae-yun , Kim Yong Beom , Sultana Shofina
Published: July 2023

Dantrolene sodium (DS) was first introduced as an oral antispasmodic drug. However, in 1975, DS was demonstrated to be effective for managing malignant hyperthermia (MH) and was adopted as the primary therapeutic drug after intravenous administration. However, it is difficult to administer DS intravenously to manage MH. MH is life-threatening, pharmacogenomically related, and induced by depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents or inhalational anesthetics. All anesthesiologists should know the pharmacology of DS. DS suppresses Ca2+ release from ryanodine receptors (RyRs). RyRs are expressed in various tissues, although their distribution differs among subtypes. The anatomical and physiological functions of RyRs have also been demonstrated as effective therapeutic drugs for cardiac arrhythmias, Alzheimer’s disease, and other RyR-related diseases. Recently, a new formulation was introduced that enhanced the hydrophilicity of the lipophilic DS. The authors summarize the pharmacological properties of DS and comment on its indications, contraindications, adverse effects, and interactions with other drugs by reviewing reference articles.
Utilizing ChatGPT in clinical research related to anesthesiology: a comprehensive review of opportunities and limitations
Authors: Lee Sang-Wook , Choi Woo-Jong
Published: July 2023

Chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) is a chatbot developed by OpenAI that answers questions in a human-like manner. ChatGPT is a GPT language model that understands and responds to natural language created using a transformer, which is a new artificial neural network algorithm first introduced by Google in 2017. ChatGPT can be used to identify research topics and proofread English writing and R scripts to improve work efficiency and optimize time. Attempts to actively utilize generative artificial intelligence (AI) are expected to continue in clinical settings. However, ChatGPT still has many limitations for widespread use in clinical research, owing to AI hallucination symptoms and its training data constraints. Researchers recommend avoiding scientific writing using ChatGPT in many traditional journals because of the current lack of originality guidelines and plagiarism of content generated by ChatGPT. Further regulations and discussions on these topics are expected in the future.
Open datasets in perioperative medicine: a narrative review
Authors: Lim Leerang , Lee Hyung-Chul
Published: July 2023

With the growing interest of researchers in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) based on large data, their roles in medical research have become increasingly prominent. Despite the proliferation of predictive models in perioperative medicine, external validation is lacking. Open datasets, defined as publicly available datasets for research, play a crucial role by providing high-quality data, facilitating collaboration, and allowing an objective evaluation of the developed models. Among the available datasets for surgical patients, VitalDB has been the most widely used, with the Medical Informatics Operating Room Vitals and Events Repository recently launched and the Informative Surgical Patient dataset for Innovative Research Environment expected to be released soon. For critically ill patients, the available resources include the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care, the eICU Collaborative Research Database, the Amsterdam University Medical Centers Database, and the High time Resolution ICU Dataset, with the anticipated release of the Intensive Care Network with Million Patients’ information for the AI Clinical decision support system Technology dataset. This review presents a detailed comparison of each to enrich our understanding of these open datasets for data science and AI research in perioperative medicine.
OPTIMIZATION OF ONBOARD LASER-FLUORESCENT CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION BY OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS
Authors: Dzhavadov N. G. , Asadov H. G. , Azizova A. E.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the optimization of sea surface pollution control using the laser-fluorescence method. Two optimization variational problems for remote detection and assessment of sea surface pollution by oil and oil products have been compiled and solved using the fluorescence method. The solution of the first problem on the optimal choice of the wavelength of the emission signal was carried out according to the criterion of achieving maximum information content. The solution of this problem made it possible to determine the wavelength in multipoint laser sounding of sea waters. The solution of the second optimization problem made it possible to determine the optimal form of the dependence of the optical thickness of atmospheric aerosol in the used wavelength range of optical fluorescent emission.
DETERMINATION OF PRODUCTIVITY COEFFICIENTS IN OBTAINING OIL-WATER INFLOWS FROM COMPLEX RESERVOIR ROCKS WITH TEXTURAL HETEROGENEITY
Authors: Yagafarov A. K. , Zakirov N. N. , Aleksandrov V. M. , Shlein G. A. , Mulyavin S. F. , Novruzov O. D.
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the formation of flooded development objects at oil fields in the West Siberian sedimentary-rock megabasin. They are a direct result of the vigorous activity of geological processes in the bowels of the earth. A detailed analysis of the primary geological and field materials carried out by the authors of the article clearly showed that they began to form as a result of forced exploitation of deposits, when the current water cut of production wells sharply increases. As a result of the studies performed, the causes of watering of productive formations were identified and practical recommendations were proposed for conducting technological studies to reduce the watering of the well.
Novedades de los briófitos en Aguazul, Casanare, Colombia
Authors: Moreno G Diego Andrés , Gil N Jorge Enrique , Morales P María Eugenia
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar la riqueza, distribución y preferencia de sustratos de los briófitos en dos zonas (El Triunfo y El Englobe) del municipio de Aguazul, Casanare. Alcance: Contribuir al conocimiento de la brioflora de una región poco estudiada, además del reconocimiento y su diversidad briofitica es mayor a la registrada actualmente. Metodología: A partir de una caracterización en dichas zonas (piedemonte llanero), se realizó un muestro general y uno con cuatro parcelas (20x50 m), para cada localidad; se recolectaron los briófitos en todos los sustratos (corteza, tronco en descomposición, roca, raíz aflorante, suelo y hojas), y se registraron las formas de vida (matas, tapiz, péndulo, trama, cojines, tapiz liso, tapiz ascendente, tapiz taloso y tapiz reptante). Principales resultados: Se encontraron 88 especies (45 hepáticas y 43 musgos). Lejeuneaceae es la familia más rica (27 especies), y en musgos Sematophyllaceae e Hypnaceae (6 especies cada una). A nivel de géneros, Plagiochila presenta los valores más altos (6 especies), seguido de Lejeunea (5), Sematophyllum y Fissidens (4 taxones cada uno). Las especies más abundantes son Neckeropsis undulata (Hedw.) Reichardt, Lejeunea laetevirens Nees & Mont. y Sematophyllum subpinnatum (Brid.) E. Britton. El sustrato tronco presentó 66 especies. La forma de crecimiento pleurocárpico (musgos) fue la más frecuente (43,12%), y las hepáticas foliosas (31,47%). La forma de vida en matas es la más representativa en musgos (184 registros), y en hepáticas el tapiz (106). Se presentan 42 nuevos registros de briófitos para el departamento de Casanare. Conclusiones: La composición de especies es congruente con lo registrado en bosques de tierras bajas, con mayor porcentaje de taxones de hepáticas sobre musgos, dominancia de Lejeuneaceae en todos los sustratos. Se aumenta el número de especies de briófitos en 90 hepáticas y 70 musgos, y se presenta el primer listado de brioflora para Casanare.
Mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae) Associated with Tillandsia elongata (Bromeliaceae) in an Agroecosystem of the Colombian Andes
Authors: Andrés Morcillo Camilo , Martínez Sánchez Estefani T. , Ospina Bautista Fabiola , González Ranulfo , Rivera Páez Fredy A. , Estévez Varón Jaime
Published: July 2023

Objective: We aimed to determine the species of the Culicidae family inhabiting the tank bromeliad Tillandsia elongata in an agroecosystem of the Colombian Andes, utilizing taxonomic and molecular methods. Scope: While Agriculture is recognized as one of the causes of biodiversity loss, agroecosystems have the potential to maintain the invertebrate biodiversity, including mosquito species. Methodology: We collected immature mosquitoes from 48 bromeliads in the agroecosystem “Montelindo” of Universidad de Caldas in Santágueda (Palestina, Caldas, Colombia). To collect the immature mosquitoes within each bromeliad, we filtered the water in the tank using a 150 µm-mesh sieve, and subsequently cleaned each bromeliad leaf with a brush. Taxonomic and molecular approaches were employed for mosquito species identification. Main results: This study presents the first report of immature mosquitoes from the genera Toxorhynchites and Wyeomyia inhabiting the bromeliad Tillandsia elongata in agroecosystems. Morphological identification led to establishing two species of Toxorhynchites, namely Toxorhynchites bambusicola (Lutz and Neiva) and Toxorhynchites haemorrhoidalis (Fabricius). DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of two species Wy. mitchelli (Theobald) and Wy. pertinans (Williston). Our results expand the known distribution range of Toxorhynchites species, as well as the bromeliad species that serve as breeding sites for Tx. bambusicola and Tx. haemorrhoidalis. Agroecosystems have the potential to contribute to Culicidae biodiversity through the conservation of breeding water bodies as tank bromeliads.
Juxtaposing emerging community laws and international human rights jurisprudence on the protection of women and girls from harmful practices in Malawi
Authors: Kachika Tinyade
Published: July 2023

In recent years, community laws to address harmful practices affecting women and girls in rural Malawi have been forming under the leadership of traditional authorities (chiefs), plural justice system actors who usually are suspected by international human rights law and jurisprudence of being on the side of women's rights violations. Yet, being community engineered, the community laws have some potential to practically protect women and girls from harmful practices. Taking off from a 'norm internalisation' conceptual footing, this article closely examines how the phenomenon of community laws sits with the expectations of international human rights law and jurisprudence on measures that states ought to take to internalise norms protecting women and girls from harmful practices. The article establishes that international human rights law and jurisprudence is saturated with calls for states to prioritise formal and macro-level measures to address harmful practices, although latest jurisprudence at both United Nations and African Union levels has cautiously begun to also recognise the role of plural justice systems. The article argues that it is high time that the human rights treaty-monitoring bodies started to critically re-examine the high insistence on formal measures, given that the community laws, which are also internalising the norm protecting women from harmful practices, are manifesting at the level of chiefs' jurisdictions.
La Educación para la conservación: una alternativa para reconocer la ecología de los Bosques Altoandinos
Authors: Poveda-Castiblanco Leidy Rocío
Published: July 2023

Contribuir al papel del Jardín Botánico de Bogotá en la conservación de las especies vegetales endémicas del Bosque Altoandino, desde la Educación para la Conservación y a partir de la transformación de las formas tradicionales de enseñar la ecología en estos espacios, permite potencializar el pensamiento crítico en la ciudadanía a propósito de la importancia ecosistémica y el entendimiento de la interdependencia de estos bosques cada vez más transformados, y cuyo papel ecológico es relevante en el mantenimiento de gran parte de la biodiversidad del país. Las actividades educativas planteadas en el marco de la Enseñanza de la Ecología en el Patio de la Escuela (EPPE), permiten un acercamiento efectivo a los conceptos clave de la ecología y al reconocimiento de las especies de los bosques andinos relictuales, ubicados a los alrededores de Bogotá, Colombia. Lo anterior, muestra la función que el Jardín Botánico tiene al aportar al cuidado y la protección ex situ de las especies vegetales andinas a partir de lo cual, se ha construido toda una identidad cultural en el rescate de las perspectivas extractivistas de la naturaleza; las cuales, conciben estos bosques como fuentes de recurso económico en detrimento de la existencia de estas formas de vida.
Educación ambiental y caracterización de teorías curriculares en eventos de Biología
Authors: Antunes Maciel Eloisa , Matos Uhmann Rosangela Inês
Published: July 2023

En este artículo de investigación realizamos una analice en los trabajos publicados sobre Educación Ambiental (EA) en el Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil (CEB) y en el Encontro Nacional de Biologia (ENEBIO) entre los años de 2003 y 2019, en el que pretendemos verificar las perspectivas de las teorías curriculares de Silva (2001), clasificadas como: tradicionales, críticas y pos-críticas. Por lo tanto, investigamos en los trabajos del ENEBIO y CEB, por medio de la herramienta “localizar” y del descriptor “Educação Ambiental”, en los títulos relacionados a la enseñanza, dando como resultado de 151 en el CEB y 318 en el ENEBIO. Posteriormente, usamos el descriptor “currículo”, encontrando siete trabajos en el CEB (cinco se caracterizan en las teorías tradicionales y dos en críticas) y 29 en el ENEBIO (veinte se apoyan en las teorías tradicionales, seis en la crítica y tres en pos-críticas del currículo. Por lo tanto, hubo una mayor incidencia de trabajos desde la perspectiva de la teoría tradicional curricular. De esta forma, en el CEB, fueron encontrados pocos trabajos sobre EA e currículo; mientras que, en ENEBIO, hubo más trabajos debido a la amplitud del área de estudio. Para ampliar la discusión, realizamos una aproximación de las teorías curriculares con las perspectivas de la EA de Loureiro (2003), las cuales son: conservadora, crítica y transformadora. Finalmente, comprender el conocimiento de las perspectivas de las teorías curriculares en atención la EA, es experimentar junto a los investigadores, quienes defienden una EA crítica de fundamental importancia en la contemporaneidad, en el sentido de un abordaje de currículo que amplía la transformación, contribuyendo a la formación de sujetos críticos y responsables con la problemática social, política y cultural de la EA.
La prevención de las adicciones a sustancias psicoactivas en educación secundaria y media
Authors: Barros-Mercado Aquiles Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Este artículo de investigación compara los resultados de la aplicación de la estrategia didáctica del Método de Casos en estudiantes de educación secundaria y educación media, como forma de contribuir a la prevención de las adicciones a las sustancias psicoactivas (SPA). Este estudio está basado en un trabajo anterior del mismo autor, desarrollado en educación secundaria, y aporta nuevos hallazgos para la educación media. Se realizó en tres años consecutivos (2017-2019) con estudiantes de undécimo grado (educación media) y dos años consecutivos (2018-2019) en noveno grado (educación secundaria). Durante la investigación, se compararon los grupos con la utilización de metodologías de pretest y postest (2017 y 2018), la comparación de dos grupos con diferentes metodologías con test finales (2019), utilizando en todos los casos observación participante y análisis documental. Lo anterior permitió conocer las fortalezas y debilidades de esta propuesta, confirmó resultados similares en ambos estudios en cuanto a la comunicación asertiva, la reflexión y el aprendizaje desde lo cognitivo, procedimental y actitudinal con respecto al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, desmitificó su consumo bajo prescripción médica, concientizó al estudiante sobre los efectos negativos a nivel personal, familiar y social y, además, confirmó la importancia de las ideas previas en el logro de los objetivos planteados.
Humedales en los libros de texto de educación en Buenos Aires
Authors: S. Martín Rodrigo , Gilardoni Juan Jose , Crescio Sofía , Montani Mercedes Agustina , Cesáreo Pampin Rodrigo
Published: July 2023

En Argentina, los ambientes de humedal se encuentran en riesgo. Estos ambientes son indispensables para el reciclado de las aguas cloacales, el control de inundaciones y la purificación del aire. También son refugios de innumerables especies de aves, reptiles, mamíferos y de gran cantidad de plantas nativas. Tan solo en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires se hallan seis de dichos ambientes bajo grado de reservas naturales. En este contexto, resulta clara la relación que existe entre las urbanizaciones porteñas y bonaerenses con estos ecosistemas. En este artículo se analiza el tratamiento del concepto de humedal en el contexto escolar (ciencias naturales y ciencias sociales). Para ello, se realizó un exhaustivo relevamiento (página a página) del contenido de 81 manuales escolares de educación primaria y secundaria. Se relevó y cuantificó la forma en que se trata el concepto de humedal, pero también el de varios saberes más que deberían formar parte del tratamiento sobre los humedales. Para obtener un amplio panorama, se decidió utilizar libros del área de ciencias naturales y ciencias sociales para primaria, y Biología y Geografía para secundaria. Como resultado de dicho estudio, se observó que menos del 37 % de los libros se refería directa o indirectamente a los humedales y que dicha cifra baja a menos del 22 % en los libros del área de ciencias naturales. Dichos resultados parecen representar una falta de visibilidad de los humedales que puede estar arraigada en el modelo agrodominante, que propone estos ambientes como tierras inútiles para el cultivo o incluso la urbanización.
The impact of dividend distribution announcements on stock prices: an event study at the Istanbul Stock Exchange
Authors: Halife Hasan , Karroum Sakine
Published: July 2023

Purpose- The dividend is an essential part of the company's financial image. Because of its long-term growth, it is an overall source of return for an investor and a reliable predictor of the company's valuation. According to dividend distribution theory, when a corporation decides to disclose its dividend payment policy to indicate the market where it is now processing prospects, the price of its shares changes. The purpose of this article is to show how share prices on the Istanbul Stock Exchange react after dividends are distributed.
Methodology- The data from the Daily returns Series from the Turkish Financial Market between 2011 and 2017 was used to fulfill the goal of the study. The effect of the32 dividend announcement events for 8 banks on the 20-day announced stock price was examined using an event study approach which aid in predicting what stocks will look like in response to an event announcement.
Findings- The findings revealed that the market response was positive and the stock values have increased after dividend announcements. The market models CAR(5.0) and CAR(10.0) have statistically significant abnormal returns (AR0) and abnormal cumulative returns. Also, The tracking of the daily average return separately for each day showed that AAR's profit distribution day was 0.49 %, the fourth day had the highest positive increase of 0.56 %, and the fifth day had a positive high positive return of 0.47 %.
Conclusion- The results of this empirical study show that stock prices change after dividend announcements, and that support the dividend notification theory, which states that dividend announcements have a significant impact on stock prices. The researchers propose extending the run window to 61 days rather than 21 days in order to monitor the continued decline ten days after the event.

Keywords: Dividend distribution, event study, stock market reactions, Istanbul Stock exchange
JEL Codes: G20, G21, G41
Satisfaction of higher education students with blackboard learning system during Covid-19
Authors: Alyadumi Yasser Abdullah Mohsen , Falcioglu Pinar
Published: July 2023

Purpose- With the advent of the novel COVID-19 disease, the world has become facing an extraordinary situation that has changed the course of normal human life upside down and pushed them towards compulsory, recent technology-based alternative solutions, education being not an exception. Higher education institutions in Turkey rushed from the first moments to avoid the disruption of education process, and transformed into the full-fledged online learning system. Current study addressed aims to investigate how satisfied higher education students are with the transformation to Blackboard Learning System in İstanbul, Turkey during COVID-19. The study compares undergraduate and postgraduate students’ perceptions via thirty items divided into six axes, which are included in a single model.
Methodology- An online questionnaire survey sent through BLS itself and WhatsApp was filled out by a total of 294 student respondents, wherein afterwards an inferential and descriptive study with quantitative approach has been employed for analyzing their perceptions.
Findings- The results are indicative that the Usefulness, Engagement, Communication and Ease of Use, Self-efficacy, and Challenges axes respectively have a statistically significant effect on students’ perceptions concerning satisfaction with the BLS. As the Usefulness and Engagement axes have the highest contribution to students’ satisfaction with the BLS, the Challenges axis has the least contribution. The findings state that satisfaction of postgraduate students, in terms of Self-efficacy, Communication and Ease of Use and Challenges axes, along with a clear supremacy over the Overall axes level is higher than undergraduate students. Moreover, all demographic dimensions except gender, place of living, the kind of device preferred and the willingness in using BLS in the future, influence students’ perceptions.
Conclusion- It can be concluded that the transformation into BLS during COVID-19 has been satisfactory for higher education students, especially for postgraduate students. Some traits and drawbacks of BLS have been inferred along with recommendations which may contribute to successful implementation of BLS.

Keywords: Blackboard Learning System, COVID-19, Satisfaction, Learning Management System, Higher Education
JEL Codes: I10, I20, I23
Involvement of trigeminal neuralgia in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tomislav Badel , Miroslav Hrelja , Jelena Bošnjak , Dijana Zadravec , Matea Prenc , Mia Smoljan
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to describe orofacial neuralgic pain related to diabetes mellitus pathology with a clinical report of a female patient who suffered from diabetic polyneuropathy. A 61-year-old female patient was treated neurologically and dentally due to suspicions of Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) and disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Recent symptoms were burning and heat, electric shock sensation related to the right side of the face and particularly the second right premolar tooth. The patient had received regular insulin therapy (type 2 diabetes mellitus) for the last 10 years and was diagnosed with diabetic polyneuropathy with a higher value of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c (59 mmol/mol). The psychological evaluation showed an elevated anxiety level according to Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The most common neurogenic complication of type 2 DM is diabetic polyneuropathy. The functional status of the trigeminal reflex pathways was reflected through the blink reflex. There were a few existing reports of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and TN- related orofacial pain, which is discussed in this paper.
Marine fouling: Factors affecting biofouling and future perspectives
Authors: Nikolaos D Papadopoulos , Polyxeni Vourna , Sotirios Xafakis , Nikos Stefanakis , Paraskevi Vourna
Published: July 2023

Biofouling of the hulls of ships and vessels, caused by the colonization of animals and plants, is an ongoing problem for the shipping industry. Biofouling evokes surface roughness, which results in higher fuel consumption, emissions, and operating costs. Mitigation of biofouling is a complex problem and the effectiveness of any given approach depends on many factors. Compared to complex anti-fouling technologies, the use of anti-fouling coatings presents the most viable solution, both in terms of cost and efficiency. Nevertheless, due to the modest performance of most modern antifouling hull coatings, frequent maintenance, and dry-docking intervals are still required. In addition, application costs are often not negligible. New antifouling technologies, such as low-drag antifouling paints with broad spectrum activity are urgently required in order to promote smoothness of the surface as well as provide adequate protection against biofilm formation. The development of innovative nanocomposite coating structures which combine low-drag film surfaces with antimicrobial components within water-soluble matrices may be a drastic solution to the above problem. Moreover, applying such structures directly on the hulls of ships and marine vessels without the use of primers is a long-awaited possibility, which could have a tremendous impact on reducing application costs.
Genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for quantitative traits of sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes at Fedis, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Jafar , Bulti Tesso , Girma Mengistu
Published: July 2023

Sorghum is the second most important food crop after teff in Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to estimate the genetic variations, heritability, and expected genetic advances in the selected sorghum genotypes. Sixty-four sorghum genotypes were evaluated for 17 quantitative traits in 8x8 simple lattice designs at the Boko research site. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits. The Phenotypic Coefficient Of Variation (PCV) ranged from 4.74% for days to flowering to 24.74% for panicle width, while Genotypic Coefficients Of Variation (GCV) ranged from 3.58% for leaf length to 20.33 % for panicle width. The highest PCV and GCV values were recorded for panicle width, head weight, and harvest index. Moderate PCV and GCV were recorded for grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, panicle length, and grain yield; indicating the effectiveness of selection based on the phenotypic performance of the genotypes. Broad sense heritability (H2) ranged from 24.74 % for biomass yield to 96.6% for head weight, whereas GAM ranged from 4.8% for biomass yield to 41.95% for panicle width. High H2 coupled with high GAM was observed for grain filling rate, panicle length, panicle width, head weight, grain yield, and harvest index; indicating that these characters are controlled by additive gene action and phenotypic selection for these characters will be effective. However, the information generated in the current study it can be useful for breeders who want to improve yield and yield contributing traits of sorghum.
Combined HPV and CINtec PLUS testing for triaging cervical cancer screening in a Belgian cohort
Authors: Louise Cras , Stefanie Brock , Kurt Barbé , Hanne Locy , Glenn Broeckx , Shaira Sahebali
Published: July 2023

Background: Cytological screening with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) triage for equivocal results has been the routine screening procedure for cervical cancer for years worldwide. The dual-marker stain p16/Ki67 (CINtec PLUS) has been shown to offer high sensitivity and specificity in the triage of women at risk of developing HPV-related precancerous lesions. We evaluated the utility of CINtec PLUS in women with normal cytology and a positive HPV test, to see if this test can be used as a prognostic biomarker.   Methods: Women of 18 years or older were assembled between January 2018 and December 2022 at two different study sites. These were cytology negative for intra-epithelial Neoplasia (NILM) and a positive HPV test. The prognostic value of the CINtec PLUS test for NILM samples and the confounding effect of HPV subtype, age, university, and follow-up stage were evaluated.   Results: CINtec PLUS was positive in 63 out of 312 (20%) NILM/ HPV-positive cases. The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of CINtec PLUS was 92% for high-grade dysplastic lesion (HSIL), 64% for NILM, and 31% for low-grade dysplasia. The negative predictive value was 83% for HSIL, 64% for NILM, and 83% for low-grade dysplasia.   Conclusion: Adding CINtec PLUS with NILM cytology and HPV-positive test can be an important prognostic tool to identify women at risk for a high-grade dysplastic cervical lesion. Importantly, the test can also be used in primary HPV screening programs. However, women with low-grade dysplasia remain at risk for over- and under-treatment.
Higher levels of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) in human seminal plasma in comparison with blood plasma and negative association with several motile sperm cells
Authors: Anders Larsson , Lena Carlsson , Rasha Khierallah , Jan Holte , Theodora Kunovac Kallak
Published: July 2023

Context: Semen is a complex fluid with many functions, some of them well-known, others more obscure. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) in human seminal plasma in comparison with blood plasma levels. Methods: HGF concentrations were measured in seminal plasma from 40 men utilizing commercial ELISA kits. Blood plasma from 40 healthy blood donors served as a comparison group. Results: Median seminal plasma HGF was approximately five times higher than the levels found in blood plasma (5717.5 pg/mL vs. 1124.6 pg/mL). There was a negative correlation between HGF values in seminal plasma and the number of sperm cells. Conclusion: The study shows that seminal plasma contains high levels of HGF and that HGF binds to prostasomes. Male HGF can thus reach the female reproductive tract during unprotected sexual intercourse. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of this on fertility.
Agronomic and yield performances of cucumber [Cucumis sativus] on soil amended with different rates of cattle manure in derived savannah Agroecological zone of Ondo state, Nigeria
Authors: Eleduma Ajayi Festus
Published: July 2023

Most soils have experience nutrient depletion as a result of long-term farming, making good yields only possible with the application of fertilizers. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to create a total of fifteen (15) plots in the study, which was conducted at the Rufus Giwa Polytechnic's Teaching Research and Commercial Farms in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The study examined the impact of various rates of cattle manure on cucumber. The results revealed that the performance of cucumbers was significantly impacted by an increase in the rate of cattle manure, with 15 tha-1 of cattle manure producing the best results in terms of growth and yield (3.45 cm, 73.46 cm, 171.22 cm2, 16.83, 9.83 cm, 21.89 cm, 17.19 cm, and 5.14 kg as stem girth, vine length, leaf area, number of leaves, number of fruits, fruit weight, and fruit circumference) and the lowest from control. According to the study, applying cattle manure in the study area at a rate of 15 tha-1 considerably improves cucumber growth and yield. In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and eliminate the need to apply inorganic fertilizer, farmers in the research area are advised to amend their soils with 15 tha-1 cattle dung.