bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O patrimônio cultural na gestão dos espaços do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Guimarães Roberta Sampaio
Published: June 2016

Resumo Neste artigo, reflito sobre retóricas e práticas patrimoniais movimentadas em torno das Áreas de Proteção do Ambiente Cultural (Apacs) do Rio de Janeiro. A partir de análise dos discursos de planejadores urbanos e de projetos governamentais, discuto como essa política municipal produziu tanto um forte apelo à identidade cultural e à memória afetiva dos bairros quanto a redistribuição de recursos entre diferentes regiões da cidade, gerando zonas de interesse turístico e de incentivo ou constrangimento à atuação do mercado imobiliário e tornando-se uma poderosa estratégia de gestão territorial.
O conhecimento sobre o passado dos bens tombados que abrigam museus: o Solar do Barão de Jundiaí (Jundiaí/SP) e a Casa de Prudente de Moraes (Piracicaba/SP)
Authors: Siqueira Lucília Santos
Published: June 2016

Resumo Inserido numa pesquisa que analisa os bens tombados oriundos da sociedade cafeeira paulista (1830-1930), este artigo apresenta o Solar do Barão de Jundiaí, na cidade de Jundiaí/SP, e a Casa de Prudente de Moraes, localizada em Piracicaba/SP. Conhecendo o contexto de origem de cada uma dessas edificações, compreendendo sob quais razões se deram seus tombamentos, e como esses bens tombados se relacionaram com os museus históricos neles instalados, este texto pretende apreender a maneira como o bem tombado é apresentado para quem o visita. Assim, busca contribuir para o debate em torno da atualização dos significados desses bens edificados.
Projetos urbanísticos, mercados populares e processos de patrimonialização na cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Bitar Nina Pinheiro
Published: June 2016

Resumo Considerados locais "sujos" ou que "atrapalhavam" o desenvolvimento das cidades, muitos mercados de abastecimento foram remanejados para zonas periféricas dos centros urbanos. Atualmente eles vêm sendo recuperados como "patrimônios", expressando concepções urbanísticas alternativas e passando a ser alvos de políticas públicas voltadas para o turismo. Este artigo analisa o caso de projetos urbanísticos para a reconstrução de um mercado no centro da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo é expor diferentes concepções urbanísticas relacionadas aos mercados do Rio, assim como distintas articulações entre urbanismo e processos de patrimonialização.
Analysis of shear wave elastography and elastometry results in the endometrial pathology diagnosis in patients with secondary infertility
Authors: Diomidova V N , Zakharova O V , Spiridonova T K , Petrova O V
Published: June 2016

Aim. To analyze the results of the application and to study the effectiveness of ultrasound shear wave elastography and elastometry in the endometrial pathology diagnosis in secondary infertility.Methods. Multiparameter ultrasound with shear wave elastography and elastometry modes (Shear Wave Elastography) was performed in 146 women of reproductive age (Aixplorer scanner, Supersonic Imagine, France). The main group (N1) included 101 women with secondary infertility: 43 patients with tuberculous lesions of the uterus, 58 - with chronic endometritis without concomitant tuberculosis. The control group (N2) included 45 healthy women: 22 nulliparous women, 23 - parous women. Age of examined women ranged from 24 to 48 years, mean age in N1 group was 34.4±2.6 years, in N2 group - 33.9±2.9 years.Results.. Depending on the nature of the pathology elastographic cards of examined women in the main group differed in color. Elastographic cards of blue-green range of low intensity dominated in patients with chronic endometritis. In patients with tuberculous lesions of the uterus unevenly colored, non-homogeneous, high intensity, from green to yellow and red in color-grade elastographic cards were determined. Endometrial stiffness values in patients with chronic endometritis and in tuberculous lesions of the endometrium (31.7±4.3 and 89.7±5.7 kPa, respectively) were significantly higher than that in healthy women (16.5±1.0 kPa, pConclusion. The presented analysis indicates the feasibility of the shear wave elastography and elastometry application in multiparameter ultrasound study of the uterus and adnexa in the diagnostic algorithm of patients with secondary infertility.
Effectivenss of complex physical rehabilitation of infants with perinatal central nervous system injury
Authors: Schreider T F , Fedorova G V , Yakimenko S N
Published: June 2016

Aim. To study the effectiveness of complex physical rehabilitation use in infants with perinatal central nervous system injury.Methods. A complex examination of children with perinatal central nervous system pathology was performed. Based on identified changes, a method of children complex physical rehabilitation was developed, theoretically proved and tested, including manual relaxing massage and anti-gravity gymnastics. The study included 360 children of the first year of life. Massage was performed starting from 3-4 weeks of a child’s life, the procedure duration was 20-25 minutes. Antigravity gymnastics was performed for 3-4 minutes in children aged 1-2 months, 8-10 min - at the age of 3-4 months, 10-15 minutes - at the age of 5-6 months and older. Course consisted of 15-20 procedures, five times a week.Results.. Effectiveness evaluation was conducted in two ways: objective and subjective. Objectively: the positive dynamics of neurological symptoms was reported, symptoms of brain hypoxia, regulatory systems tension index were significantly decreased, the sleep-wake ratio normalized, weight gain occurred. Subjectively: 360 parents of children up to 1 year were interviewed. 93.6±1.3% of the respondents were satisfied with quality of care. Omsk region inhabitants satisfaction was 95.45±1.1% and was higher than in Omsk (93.5±1.3%, pConclusion. The applied method of complex physical rehabilitation of children of the first year of life with perinatal central nervous system injury showed high efficacy in the absence of side effects and may be reproduced in any institutions where rehabilitation measures are performed.
Results of study of local immunity of the oral cavity in patients with fixed aesthetic dental prostheses and inflammatory periodontal diseases
Authors: Shafeev I R , Bulgakova A I , Valeev I V , Zubairova G Sh
Published: June 2016

Aim. To study the state of local immunity of the oral cavity in patients with fixed aesthetic dental prostheses and inflammatory periodontal diseases.Methods. 90 patients with fixed aesthetic dental prostheses and inflammatory periodontal diseases (main group) and 21 patients without dental prostheses and inflammatory periodontal disease (control group) were examined. Immunoglobulin A, sA, G, M, E classes, interleukin-4, -6 and -1β, interferon α contents in oral liquid were determined using enzyme immunoassay.Results.. As a result of our study of immunoglobulins level in saliva in patients of the main and control groups an increase in the immunoglobulin A level, compared with the normal value, statistically significant increase in secretory immunoglobulin A were revealed; difference in the immunoglobulin G level was not determined. The increase in immunoglobulin E level in patients of the main group was determined. When studying the interleukins content in the oral fluid a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of IL-4 and increase in interleukin-6 and -1β content in patients of the main group were determined. The tendency to decrease in the interferon α content in the main group compared to the control group was registered.Conclusion. In patients with fixed aesthetic dental prostheses and inflammatory periodontal diseases humoral immunity imbalance was identified, manifesting in changes of the immunoglobulin classes A, sA and E, interleukin-4, -6 and -1β contents in oral fluid.
Recurrent and residual cholesteatoma rates after different types of sanitation surgery on middle ear
Authors: Ognetov S Yu , Kravchuk A P
Published: June 2016

Aim. To compare the recurrent and residual cholesteatoma rates after four variants of sanitation operations on the middle ear (open and closed techniques, mastoidal cavity obliteration and posterior wall reconstruction using the allogeneic cartilage).Methods. The study involved 231 patients: 123 men and 108 women aged 15 to 64 years. Patients were divided into four groups depending on the type of surgery. Patients of all groups were examined in the distant period - a minimum within 1 year (range 1-15 years). The surgery results were evaluated using otomicroscopy (OPMI Sensera microscope) by two parameters. The first parameter - the presence or absence of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma in postoperative period. The second parameter - «bad», adverse retraction pockets occurrence in postoperative period. We referred to them cases when the pocket was in medial section of the external auditory canal (i.e. closer to neotympanic membrane or tympanic membrane remnants), had a narrow or convoluted entrance (i.e. epidermal masses evacuation from pocket was difficult) and was filled with epidermal, sulfur or fungal masses.Results. Open type of sanitation operation showed the lowest likelihood of cholesteatoma recurrence - 1.27%. Trepanation cavity obliteration method using fascial-muscle flap on the lower pedicle showed the highest rate of cholesteatoma recurrence - 33.33%.Conclusion. The minimum probability of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma occurrence is characteristic for open type of sanitation operation; method of trepanation cavity obliteration using fascial-muscle flap is not recommended for use because of the high rate of adverse outcomes.
Clinical and functional characteristics of intraoperative motor evoked potentials monitoring in microdiscectomy
Authors: Gulaev E V , Lin’kov V V
Published: June 2016

Aim. To assess motor evoked potentials parameters in a complex of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring at the time of discectomy for a herniated intervertebral disc under general anesthesia, to determine their dependence on age, sex, height.Methods. Intraoperative motor evoked potentials monitoring during microdiscectomy under inhalational anesthesia was conducted in 43 patients for the herniated disc at L4-L5 or L5-S1 levels. In all patients, the herniated disc diagnosis was confirmed by the magnetic resonance imaging data. Monitoring was performed using the «Neuro-IOM» device («Neurosoft», Russia). Latency and amplitude of muscle response for m. abductor hallucis and m. tibialis anterior were analyzed.Results.. The obtained data suggest that the motor evoked potentials allow to objectify the presence of motor disorders, which persist at the end of microdiscectomy. The data on the relationship between latency of muscles responses on the side of radiculopathy and the healthy side with patients’ age, body height and weight are obtained. The motor evoked potentials amplitude had a direct correlation with the patients’ body weight. Increase in latency of transcranial motor evoked potentials on the side of the clinical motor fall-out compared with the healthy limb was defined. Due to the expressed variability of motor evoked potentials responses amplitude under general anesthesia, significant differences for a given parameter were not obtained.Conclusion. There is relationship between latency of motor evoked potentials and patients’ age, body height and weight; an increase in the latency of transcranial motor evoked potentials on the side of the clinical motor fall-out compared with the healthy limb was revealed.
The factors affecting medical professionals health
Authors: Gatiyatullina L L
Published: June 2016

A review of publications in scientific medical literature devoted to the study of factors affecting medical professionals health is presented. They reflect the diversity of physical, chemical, biological harmful to health effects faced by medical professionals when delivering care to patients. Often there is a simultaneous exposure to several factors, bearing the risk to human health. Reliable data on occupational diseases of medical professionals do not actually exist. This caused, above all, by socio-economic reasons, a tendency to self-medication, low medical aid appealability, imperfection of prenosological diagnostics and restricted list of reportable occupational diseases. When performing their professional responsibilities medical professionals are exposed to many factors harmful to health, their work is associated with significant psychological and physical stress. Occupational diseases and morbidity with temporary disability depend on the medical professional specialty and affecting them work-related factors, as well as on the existing environmental situation. As an analysis of the specialized domestic and foreign literature showed, a unified approach to study the medical professionals’ morbidity has not yet been produced. An effective information-analytical system for the medical professionals health control, which would ensure full objective timely information on the number of medical workers exposed to harmful work environment factors, their existing diseases (somatic and occupational), the nature of the disorder course, remission duration, disability, rehabilitation measures effectiveness, is still not developed in Russia.
Assessing frequency of seeking emergency health service by patients
Authors: Paykov V L , Vorontsova M M
Published: June 2016

Aim. To analyze frequency of seeking emergency health service by population using the developed terminology (criteria). Methods. The call cards of patients who sought emergency medical care during 2012-2014 in Kazan were the object of the study. To assess the frequency of seeking emergency health service by patients, the following criteria proposed by us were used: single call, rare (from 2 to 4 times a year) and frequent - when calling ambulance occurred 5 times or more within 1 year. Results. Total number of calls to ambulance station in Kazan in 2014 compared to 2012 increased by 8.8%, while the number of executed calls - by 12.3%. A decrease in the number of executed calls for the single ambulance call by 5.4% and in their proportion in the structure of the executed calls by 8.3% was registered. In population calls from 2 to 4 times and 5 times or more per year an increase in the number of executed calls by 31 and 69%, in proportion in the structure of the executed calls by 4.8 and 4.3%, in the number of patients by 29.5 and 67% respectively was registered. In the structure of executed calls in 2014 compared to previous years, there was an increase in the proportion of calls due to urgent care (inappropriate calls) both in total number (by 3.2% compared to 2012), and taking into account calls frequency (from 2.9 to 3.59%). Conclusion. Performed study has shown the need for development of monitoring of the population calls for emergency medical care, depending on their frequency during a year; identified features of the population calls form the basis for the addressing the organizational tasks of primary health care, which will increase the efficiency of the ambulance.
Cholestatic hepatitis as a clinical mask of choledocholithiasis
Authors: Pikulev D V , Vorob’eva O N
Published: June 2016

The variety of cholelithiasis clinical manifestations, seriously impeding the timely diagnosis, are well known. This is determined by multiple impairment of interorgan communication in cholelithiasis. The most difficult form of cholelithiasis both for identification, and for treatment is choledocholithiasis. Diagnosis of stones in the common bile duct is based on a complex of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data. The appearance of jaundice amid the abdominal pain and revealing signs of biliary hypertension during instrumental examination are considered typical for choledocholithiasis. Particular difficulties for the diagnosis are choledocholithiasis cases with atypical pain syndrome, the absence of jaundice and non-dilated bile ducts. One of the reasons for the variability of pain syndrome in cholelithiasis is polymorbidity of these patients. Relatively frequently, bile duct stones are combined with a hiatal hernia, which is pathogenetically interdependent. Clinical manifestations in such cases depends on what syndrome is the dominant. Non-dilated bile ducts in patients with proven choledocholithiasis was detected in 5.8% of patients. In this situation, the presence of cholestasis and cytolysis biochemical markers in the absence of instrumental signs of biliary hypertension can simulate intrahepatic cholestasis. Clinical case demonstrating the difficulty of choledocholithiasis diagnosis is presented. In a given clinical observation the patient with a history of cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis; with intense abdominal pain, primarily appraised as a manifestation fixed hiatal hernia; pronounced anicteric cholestatic syndrome, was presented. No signs of biliary hypertension in the standard transabdominal ultrasound examination of the abdomen required exclusion of intrahepatic causes of cholestasis. In-depth instrumental and laboratory examination allowed to diagnose in patient choledocholithiasis. It is proposed to mark out variant of the cholelithiasis course with the stones localization in the common bile duct under the guise of cholestatic hepatitis.
Developments in Advanced Prostate Cancer in 2016
Authors: Hennig Martin JP ,   Department of Urology, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Lübeck, Germany, Gilbert Nils ,   Department of Urology, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Lübeck, Germany, Merseburger Axel S ,   Department of Urology, Campus Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein,Lübeck, Germany
Published: June 2016

As we have experienced before, the diagnostic and therapeutic landscape is transient and rapidly evolving, especially in regards to advanced prostate cancer (PC). As practical clinicians and care providers we must not just stay in touch with the latest developments in the field but anticipate the needs of our clientele and patients. This editorial will provide a brief summary of the latest ground-breaking developments with clinical impact in the field of prostate cancer.
Supportive Care of Patients Undergoing Immunotherapy
Authors: Eeden Ronwyn van ,   The Medical Oncology Centre Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa, Rapoport Bernardo L ,   The Medical Oncology Centre Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: June 2016

Immunotherapy was announced by the America Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) as the top cancer advance of 2015. There has been a paradigm shift towards immuno-oncology therapy, and its side effects are often referred to as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These side effects are, in some cases, unique and very different than those associated with chemotherapy or targeted drugs. Clinicians should be aware that there is a broad spectrum of additional toxicities that can be both unpredictable and severe. Early recognition and aggressive management of irAEs are essential to decrease morbidity and mortality.
Tumour Lysis Syndrome in Solid Tumours Associated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors – A Case Illustrated Review
Authors: Bossé Dominick ,   Ottawa Regional Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Marginean E Celia ,   Ottawa Regional Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Macdonald D Blair ,   Ottawa Regional Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Nicholas Garth ,   Ottawa Regional Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Verma Shailendra ,   Ottawa Regional Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Published: June 2016

There are a variety of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are used in oncology for the treatment of malignancies now and consequently there have been increased observations of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) associated with these drugs. As per the Cairo-Bishop criteria, laboratory and clinical TLS is typically diagnosed within 3 days before and 7 days after cytotoxic chemotherapy is started. In this report, we describe a case of TLS in a patient with gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) that occurred 15 days after commencement of imatinib. In addition, in a review of the literature, we have found that TLS in solid tumours is observed on average 10 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8–13.7) and up to 3 weeks after initiating TKIs. By comparison, TLS in patients with solid organ tumours treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy occurs within 3 days (95% CI 2.9–4.4). Given the high rate of mortality and the morbidity inherent to TLS, clinicians should be aware that in solid tumour, TKIs may be associated with a delayed onset of TLS.
Carta de presentación del Ilmo. Sr. Decano de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de León
Authors: Fernández Domínguez Juan José
Published: June 2016

Dieciocho años después, habiendo cumplido una mayoría de edad en silencio, vuelve a ver la luz la Revista Jurídica de la Universidad de León. El empeño que en aquel momento mostró el Dr. Fernández Costales en dar vida a una publicación anual como “foro abierto a la colaboración de todos los juristas de nuestra sociedad”, se convirtió en un compromiso para quienes hace tres años consideramos que, además de la mencionada finalidad principal, la existencia de una Revista de divulgación científica constituía un índice objetivo de calidad para cualquier centro universitario del cual el nuestro no podía carecer.
POLÍTICA ANTITERROR: OS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA ENCRUZILHADA DA PREVENÇÃO E DA REPRESSÃO AOS ATOS TERRORISTAS -- ANTI TERROR POLICY: HUMAN RIGHTS AT THE CROSSROADS OF PREVENTION AND REPRESSION TO TERRORIST ACTS
Authors: Sousa Lira Cláudio Rogério , Barretto Vicente de Paulo
Published: June 2016

Resumo: A pesquisa tem como tema o terrorismo e os direitos humanos. Inicialmente, neste trabalho retoma-se a questão conceitual dos direitos humanos e do terrorismo. A discussão central é conduzida em razão da prática do terror e dos meios punitivos empregados pelos Estados como forma de repressão à atuação das organizações terroristas. Não é novidade que os atos terroristas recentes chocaram a sociedade pelo emprego de métodos violentos nunca antes experimentados. A partir de ideologias religiosas-econômicas-políticas, grupos terroristas vitimam e mutilam inocentes. Em resposta a essas atrocidades, os Estados empregam métodos de contra-ataque próprios de guerra, buscando, quase sempre, uma vingança institucionalizada. É nessa encruzilhada em que se encontram os direitos humanos, já que a política de prevenção e de repressão aos atos terroristas não observa o devido processo legal. Ao final, neste trabalho sugere-se, a partir da percepção de filósofos e de juristas, que as respostas aos atos terroristas não se coadunam com os preceitos dos direitos humanos.Palavras-chave: Direitos humanos. Terrorismo. Política criminal.
OS DIREITOS HUMANOS E O CONSTITUCIONALISMO INTERNACIONAL LATINO-AMERICANO -- HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE LATIN AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTIONALISM
Authors: De Carvalho Feliciano
Published: June 2016

Resumo: Os países da América Latina estão regidos por uma ordem constitucional comum, especificamente a que decorre dos tratados internacionais sobre direitos humanos. Com efeito, conforme a tendência do bloco de constitucionalidade, além das respectivas constituições, vários países latino-americanos conferem aos tratados internacionais a mesma hierarquia das normas constitucionais quando têm por objeto os direitos humanos. A relevância da pesquisa decorre em razão de a supremacia constitucional ir além das prescrições constitucionais para as normas internacionais que promovem os direitos humanos. Aborda-se o conceito material de direitos humanos a partir da carga valorativa dos bens jurídicos mais relevantes para a sociedade, em especial, os valores da dignidade humana, vida, liberdade e igualdade, de modo que os direitos humanos seriam os daí imediatamente decorrentes. Analisa-se a tendência dos Estados latino-americanos de respeitarem os tratados internacionais sobre direitos humanos como se fossem normas constitucionais, com especial atenção a respeito da experiência brasileira. A pesquisa é bibliográfica, descritiva, e tem-se a finalidade de aprimorar o conhecimento sobre o tema. Ao final, conclui-se que surge na América Latina a primeira ideia de uma Constituição Internacional Comunitária, em face da prevalência dos direitos humanos no cenário supranacional.Palavras-chave: Direitos Humanos. Constitucionalismo. Bloco. América Latina.
DIMENSÕES DAS LIBERDADES DE INFORMAÇÃO E DE EXPRESSÃO: ELEMENTOS DO DISCURSO PÚBLICO -- DIMENSIONS OF THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND EXPRESSION: ELEMENTS OF PUBLIC SPEECH
Authors: Merlin Clève Clèmerson , Meneses Lorenzetto Bruno
Published: June 2016

Resumo: O artigo trata das dimensões das liberdades de informação e de expressão. Para tanto, observaram-se as mudanças às quais a doutrina a respeito de tais liberdades foi submetida, com o intuito de reconhecer que são direitos negativos, mas, também, direitos que podem demandar regulamentações e, por isso, a participação do Estado no sentido da sua tutela. Diante de tais premissas, foram analisados os seguintes tópicos: a formação do conceito de discurso público, os limites para a intervenção estatal nessas liberdades e o julgamento pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal da constitucionalidade da Lei de Imprensa. Assim, buscou-se apontar as condições para a preservação de espaços deliberativos na arena pública e os direitos que servem de amparo para que isso ocorra.Palavras-chave: Liberdade de expressão. Liberdade de informação. Discurso público.
Dostępność komunikacyjna transportem zbiorowym w Rzeszowie i Olsztynie w 2013 z możliwością poprawy po 2020 roku
Authors: Goliszek Sławomir
Published: June 2016

W artykule poruszono problem poprawy dostępności transportem miejskim, przyjmując iż inwestycje infrastrukturalne z perspektyw UE 2007–2013 i 2014–2020 są i będą jej głównym stymulatorem. Dostępność transportem miejskim przedstawiona została przy pomocy narzędzi GIS. W analizie porównana została dostępność komunikacji zbiorowej między dwoma ośrodkami miejskimi: Olsztynem i Rzeszowem, które korzystają z Programu Rozwoju Polski Wschodniej. Liczba mieszkańców w dwu analizowanych miastach jest zbliżona, w Rzeszowie wynosi – 184 tys., a w Olsztynie – 175 tys. (2013). Porównywalna wielkość populacji odpowiada podobnemu popytowi na komunikację miejską. Na potrzeby analizy poprawy dostępności przyjęto dwie daty: rok 2013 jako stan bazowy (część inwestycji z perspektywy UE 2007–2013 została ukończona) oraz rok 2020 (jako stan po wykonaniu inwestycji z perspektywy finansowej 2014–2020). Dostępność komunikacyjna transportem zbiorowym została przedstawiona metodą izochron do centrum komunikacyjnego Olsztyna i Rzeszowa (dworców PKP), czyli planowanych intermodalnych dworców PKP/PKS. Głównym celem opracowania jest ocena, na ile środki z UE na lata 2014–2020 wpłyną na poprawę dostępności mieszkańców miast oraz, w którym z analizowanych ośrodków miejskich inwestycje wspierające komunikację zbiorową przyniosą największe rezultaty. Poprawa dostępności komunikacji miejskiej została wyrażona w liczbie mieszkańców, powierzchni, gęstości zaludnienia znajdujących się w przedziałach odległości czasowej (izochronach).
Preparing historical maps for presentation in a Geoportal
Authors: Jaskulski Marcin , Nalej Marta
Published: June 2016

This paper discusses the challenges to a wider access to archival cartographic materials. The aim of the study is to present and evaluate the preparation of historical maps for presentation in geoportals. The authors use the example of two maps from the early twentieth century, without information on the spatial relations, to trace the course of their processing into a form that allows them to be published in spatial data structures. The descriptions of subsequent stages include theoretical and practical aspects of the procedure. Particular attention was paid to the factors affecting the accuracy of spatial fit that affects the ability to use them further.
Skill-Based Teaching For Undergraduate STEM Majors
Authors: Davidovitch Nitza , Shiller Zvi
Published: June 2016

This article presents a case study that illustrates the paradigmatic shift in higher education from content-centered teaching to learning-centered academic programs. This pragmatic change, triggered by the STEM movement, calls for the introduction of success measures in the course development process. The course described in this paper illustrates such a goal-driven approach to the development of an entire multidisciplinary curriculum in mechanical engineering and mechatronics. The effectiveness of this new curriculum was confirmed by findings of a survey of graduates of the first six graduating classes who studied on the basis of this curriculum.
Communicating Wave Energy: An Active Learning Experience For Students
Authors: Huynh Trongnghia , Hou Gene , Wang Jin
Published: June 2016

We have conducted an education project to communicate the wave energy concept to high school students. A virtual reality system that combines both hardware and software is developed in this project to simulate the buoy-wave interaction. This first-of-its-kind wave energy unit is portable and physics-based, allowing students to conduct a number of hands-on activities. This system is the core component of an educational experience that integrates demonstration and hands-on learning, with an aim of introducing the wave energy conversion process to students in an interactive environment. Presentations have been made at two different high schools with diverse student populations, and students involved in this project rated very positively about their learning experience. As revealed by their feedback, the virtual environment and its combination with the hardware are the most important factors that help students to appreciate the knowledge in the wave energy conversion process.
The Challenge Of Botsourcing
Authors: Vedder Richard , Guynes Carl S.
Published: June 2016

Botsourcing is the augmentation or replacement of human jobs by robots or other computing systems.  This practice is growing in popularity for reasons both economic and technical.  Botsourcing will seriously challenge the human workforce, and in some cases humans will find themselves working alongside robots or other “intelligent’ computer systems.  In other cases, botsourcing will eliminate jobs and will force impacted humans to retrain.  This paper discusses the nature and appeal of botsourcing, as well as the challenge to human employment.
Development of BRICS Bilateral Trade Relations: A South African Perspective
Authors: MAZENDA Adrino
Published: June 2016

This study examines the structure, value, intensity and complementarity of South Africa’s trade with its Brazil–Russia-India-China (BRIC) partners. It highlights the increasing dynamism of intra- BRICS trade, which started on accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2010. Key determinants to this dynamism include the rapid growth of Chinese and Indian economies accompanied by a steep rise in demand for South Africa’s primary commodities. The rising intensity with China is demand-oriented, while the intensity with India is supply-oriented, mostly in semi-finished and finished commodities.

South Africa’s addition to BRIC coincided with three key developments; its trade balance with most BRIC economies narrowed; the quality of its exports to the BRIC improved; and the value of its exports to BRIC exceeded the value of exports to the European Union and Central Asia. The latter development is attributable to trade diversion from the European Union and Central Asia to the BRIC.

Inclusive growth is probable if South Africa could leverage trade with the BRIC. More, so while employment is at peak in labour- intensive primary industry, intra-industry trade with the BRIC would resuscitate the manufacturing and services sectors so that the complementary effects of trade would be feasible.
Processo de etiquetagem para implantação da tecnologia RFID na Biblioteca do Centro Universitário Univates
Authors: Silveira Nalin Ferreira da , Valmorbida Willian
Published: June 2016

A tecnologia de identificação por radiofrequência (RFID) tem se destacado como uma ferramenta para automação, segurança e gestão de acervos de bibliotecas. O presente artigo descreve o processo inicial de implantação da tecnologia RFID no acervo da Biblioteca do Centro Universitário Univates (UNIVATES), evidenciando os recursos humanos e de informática envolvidos. O tempo entre planejamento e execução da gravação e etiquetagem ocorreu no período de novembro de 2013 a março de 2014. Conclui-se que processo de preparação do acervo para receber esta tecnologia é demorado e custoso, entretanto, o adequado planejamento, assim como a utilização de recursos da tecnologia da informação que possibilitem gerenciar todo o processo, permitem maior confiabilidade e agilidade.
A redefinição da biblioteca no século XXI: de ambientes informacionais a espaços de convivência
Authors: Santa Anna Jorge
Published: June 2016

As constantes transformações ocorridas ao longo dos tempos representam fatores interferentes no posicionamento e na estruturação das bibliotecas, de modo que essas instituições redefinem constantemente seus produtos e serviços oferecidos à sociedade. A trajetória histórica da biblioteca demonstra que ela é uma unidade adaptativa, adquirindo novas características a partir das tendências e exigências dos usuários e das inovações tecnológicas. Assim, este artigo objetiva demonstrar o novo cenário que se idealiza para a biblioteca do futuro, na percepção da literatura e de bibliotecários. Para tanto, o estudo apresenta a evolução da biblioteca ao longo dos anos; expõe os serviços e produtos oferecidos com base nas novas tecnologias; discorre acerca das atividades culturais e entretenimento realizadas nos espaços informacionais; e, por fim, reflete a opinião de bibliotecários quanto às atividades culturais/sociais realizadas nas bibliotecas. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo aplicado a bibliotecários, os resultados confirmaram que, no presente, a biblioteca extrapolou sua função meramente informacional, exercendo também funções sociais. Presume-se que no futuro, a biblioteca ampliará suas funções deixando de ser um ambiente meramente informacional para transformar-se em espaços de convivência.
Editorial: O universo da biblioteconomia nos diversos ambientes informacionais com o uso das tecnologías abertas
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Ferreira Danielle Thiago
Published: June 2016

Temos o prazer de anuciar mais uma edição da RDBCI. Esta edição traz como temática, os “Trajetos da Biblioteconomia nos diversos ambientes informacionais” e com uma grande novidade. Além da contribuição de um texto original em inlgês, nos brindar também com outros excelentes trabalhos traduzidos para o mesmo idioma, cumprindo dessa forma, com uma das metas que nos propomos das políticas editoriais, mencionada na edição anterior. Esta meta visa para a melhoria e expansibilidade de outros idiomas na nossa publicação...
Science and Practical Disaster Risk Reduction: Role of Universities and Academia in Disaster Risk Reduction – From the Discussions at the UNWCDRR Public Forum by APRU and IRIDeS –
Authors: Izumi Takako ,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University  468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-08465, Japan
Published: June 2016

The Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) organized a public forum in March 2015 at the UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in collaboration with the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) of Japan. Discussion focused on three topics – bridging the gap between scientific theory and practice, how science and technology could contribute to practical Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and the role of social science in DRR. These sessions led to three major recommendations:

1) Enhanced collaboration between the private sector and academia

2) Multisectoral collaboration, including local schools and communities, to make data and technologies useful, usable and accessible

3) Social science elements such as psychology, cultural studies, communication, ethics and history incorporating disaster risk sciences because most current problems involve social rather engineering aspects. Social science potentially balances qualitative and quantitative methods well.
Roles of People, Community and Planning in Recovery After Mega-Disasters: A Symposium Synopsis
Authors: Iuchi Kanako ,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University  468-1, Aza Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan, Maly Elizabeth
Published: June 2016

The concept of ‘building back better’ is being mainstreamed in international development to minimize future devastation from natural disasters. This paper reports on presentations and discussions from the Second International Symposium on Recovery after Mega Disasters: People, Community and Planning, held March 16, 2015 during the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction. International experts, including practitioners and researchers, presented varied recovery efforts and insights. The three following principles emerged from the symposium. 1) Relocation, compact (re)development, renewable energy, and flood controls are key policy focuses in recovery plans, and require careful individual and community involvement, planning designs, and information sharing. 2) Identifying unique local resources is key for successful recovery and can help formulate innovative strategies. 3) As rebuilding that considers local culture, systems, and groups aids in resilient recovery, planning practitioners need in-depth understanding of local contexts to derive better solutions. Given these three principles, participants agreed that at its core, the concept of ‘building back better’ requires tailor-made planning designs and processes.
Structural Repair Prioritization of Buildings Damaged After Earthquake Using Fuzzy Logic Model
Authors: Saicheur Koraphon ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Chiang Mai University 239 Huay Kaew Road, Muang District, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Hansapinyo Chayanon
Published: June 2016

Chiangrai is a city located in the seismic risk area. The recent earthquake with magnitude of 6.3 occurred on May 5, 2014 caused widespread damage to buildings. However, with limitation of engineers, equipment and budget, it is impossible to repair all buildings in the same time. Therefore, this research proposes a method to identify critical buildings and prioritize their repairing requirements using fuzzy logic. The strength of fuzzy logic is that it can approximate the vague information, unable to make decision, to the numerical data. The evaluated factors were composed of building damaged level, indirect impact and building occupancy. With the vague information, the IF-THEN rule based form was adopted to evaluate an important index of each building. Results of the analysis was found that the buildings having more important, severely damaged and high indirect impacts on the community, such as hospital buildings and power plants will be considered with higher priority to repairs. The important indexes of the buildings were 0.718 and 0.500, respectively. For buildings with less important as garage buildings, the important index was 0.114 which identified as non-urgent repair.
Análisis de la dispersión de soluciones conteniendo nanotubos de carbono para su uso en concretos de Cemento Portland
Authors: Marcondes C. G. N. , Medeiros M. H. F.
Published: June 2016

Análisis de la dispersión de soluciones conteniendo nanotubos de carbono para su uso en concretos de Cemento PortlandRESUMENLos nanotubos de carbono (NTC) son estructuras nanométricas de carbono en formas cilíndricas. Para su uso en hormigón, una de las dificultades es su dispersión, enfoque de este trabajo. Se utilizó una herramienta conocida como análisis jerárquico para investigar la eficiencia de dispersión de los NTC en el agua de la mezcla de hormigón. Fueron estudiados 12 maneras de dispersiones en medio acuoso que contiene diferentes productos químicos. Se usaron los nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple en forma de polvo y los ya procesados, dispersos en agua. El estudio mostró que la herramienta de análisis jerárquico podría constituir una alternativa eficaz para la elección de una mejor dispersión, teniendo en cuenta los factores que influyen en forma sistémica.Palabras clave: Proceso de análisis jerárquico; hormigón; nanotubos de carbón. Analyzing the dispersion of carbon nanotubes solution for use in Portland cement concreteABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanometric carbon structures with cylindrical formats. For use in concretes, one of the difficulties is in its dispersion, focus this work. It used a tool known as hierarchical analysis to investigate the efficiency of the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in concrete kneading water. Were studied 12 forms of dispersions in aqueous medium containing hum Miscellaneous Chemicals. Carbon nanotubes multi-walled in powder form and Processed already dispersed in water were used. The study showed that the hierarchical analysis tool might constitute an alternative to the election of the best choice among the available options, considering the factors of influence in a systemic way.Keywords: Analytical hierarchy process; concrete; carbon nanotubes. Análise da dispersão de soluções contendo nanotubos de carbono para uso em concretos de Cimento PortlandRESUMOOs nanotubos de carbono (NTC) são estruturas nanometricas de carbono com formatos cilindricos. Para uso em concretos, uma das dificuldades está na sua dispersão, foco deste trabalho. Foi usada uma ferramenta conhecida como análise hierárquica. Para investigar a eficiência da dispersão dos nanotubos de carbono na água de amassamento do concreto, foram estudados 12 formas de dispersões em um meio aquoso contendo diversos produtos químicos. Foram utilizados os nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas em forma de pó e os industrializados, já dispersos em água. O trabalho demonstrou que a ferramenta de análise hierárquica poderia se constituir em uma alternativa eficiente para a eleição da melhor dispersão, considerando os fatores de influência de forma sistêmica.Palavras-chave: Análise Hierárquica; concreto; nanotubos de carbono.
Operative Treatment of Lateral Ankle Instability
Authors: Yasui Youichi , Murawski Christopher D. , Wollstein Adi , Takao Masato , Kennedy John G.
Published: June 2016

➢ Chronic lateral ankle instability can occur in a subset of patients following ankle inversion sprains. Operative treatment to restore stability in the ankle and hindfoot and to prevent further degenerative changes may be indicated in cases in which nonoperative treatment has failed.

➢ Anatomical direct repair with use of native ligament remnants with or without reinforcement of the inferior retinaculum is the so-called gold standard operative strategy for the treatment of lateral ankle instability. The procedure has shown promising short and long-term outcomes. Candidates for the procedure have ligament remnants of sufficient quality that are amendable to direct repair.

➢ Anatomical reconstruction with use of autograft or allograft is reserved for patients with insufficient ligament remnants to fashion a direct repair, failed previous lateral ankle repair, high body mass index, or generalized ligamentous laxity. A wide variety of autografts have been described, each with potential advantages and disadvantages. These procedures can provide good-to-excellent short-term outcomes. However, there is no available information on their long-term clinical results.

➢ Non-anatomical lateral ligament reconstruction typically involves the use of the adjacent peroneal brevis tendon and has been applied in cases in which only poor-quality ligament remains. The procedure can provide good to excellent short-term outcomes, although reported long-term outcomes have differed among studies. The particular tendon used for the graft should be carefully considered given the potential alterations in the kinematics of the ankle and hindfoot.

➢ Arthroscopic ligament repair is becoming increasingly popular as it is minimally invasive. This procedure is restricted to patients who have good-quality ligament remnants. Good-to-excellent clinical outcomes have been reported after short and long-term follow-up, although a relatively high rate of complications—including nerve damage—has been reported following the procedure and therefore warrants further investigation before widespread adoption can be advocated.
Production Decline Analysis in the Vaca Muerta Formation. The Application of Modern Time-Rate Relations Using Public Data
Authors: Maraggi L. Ruiz , Lavia M. A. , Savioli G.B.. B.
Published: June 2016

Modern time-rate relations in conjunction with diagnostic plots are applied to type production curves of vertical and horizontal wells in the Loma Campana Field of the Vaca Muerta Formation to determine flow regimes and appropriately estimate the ultimate recovery. Additionally, this paper presents a comparison with type oil wells of the U.S. shale formations (Bakken, Eagle Ford and Woodford) and introduces a new decline model: Unconventional Empirical Decline Model (UEDM).

Type decline curves of vertical and horizontal wells in the Loma Campana Field are derived analyzing the production data. This paper applies recently developed time-rate relations such as Power-Law Exponential, Stretched Exponential, Duong, Logistic Growth and the new model UEDM, using diagnostic plots "D", "b", "β -derivative" and "q/Q" to assess which model best fits the production data and makes the most accurate EUR prediction.

Loma Campana's type wells present, on average, a better performance than the type wells of the U.S. shale formations. First, the U.S. type wells show a steeper decline rate than the Vaca Muerta's wells at late production times. Second, the wells in Loma Campana Field are clearly dominated by the linear flow regime (very high conductivity fractures), this flow behavior tends to last longer than in the U.S. plays, and therefore, it contributes to the growth of the EUR. Third, the initial production rate per fracture and EUR per fracture are, on average, greater in the Loma Campana wells than in the U.S. wells.

This work presents the type decline curves of vertical and horizontal wells in the Loma Campana Field, it applies not only recently developed time-rate relations but also a new decline model. The methodology of diagnostic functions is applied to estimate their ultimate recovery and to compare their performance with the type wells of Bakken, Eagle Ford and Woodford plays. Finally, we provide concluding observations regarding the application of each rate-time relation.
Inactivation kinetics of indicator microorganisms during urea treatment for sanitizing finished compost from composting toilet
Authors: Sossou Seyram K. , Sou/Dakoure Mariam , Konate Yacouba , Maiga Amadou H. , Funamizu Naoyuki
Published: June 2016

This study aimed at estimating the sanitizing effectiveness of urea treatment by studying the inactivation kinetics of selected indicator microorganisms. Finished composts from a composting toilet were inoculated with indicator microorganisms and subjected to different urea concentrations (0.5–2% w/w) and temperatures (22, 32 and 42°C). The inactivation kinetics parameters were determined in relation to pH, ammonia content and temperature during treatment time. The results show that urea addition to compost enhanced inactivation of microorganisms. The decline in number of E. coli and Enterococus followed a linear reduction, while that of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs followed a linear reduction plus shoulder. The inactivation rate constants of all microorganisms tested were positively correlated to the increase of NH3(aq) concentration and temperature. The relationship between the inactivation rate of microorganisms, ammonia through urea concentration and temperature were established. Therefore, the best decimal decay of E. coli, Enterococus and A. lumbricoides eggs occurred with 2% w/w urea concentration at 42°C within 0.9, 1.1 and 1.4 days, respectively. E. coli was the most sensitive microorganism to urea treatment, while Enterococcus and A. lumbricoides eggs showed resistance, especially at lower temperatures. Urea treatment has proved to be an efficient option for safe reuse of compost from composting toilets.