bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of an oncology urgent care center on health-care utilization
Authors: D’Avella Christopher , Whooley Peter , Milano Emily , Egleston Brian , Helstrom James , Patrick Kenneth , Edelman Martin , Bauman Jessica
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Studies suggest that many emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for patients with cancer may be preventable. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has implemented changes to the hospital outpatient reporting program that targets acute care in-treatment patients for preventable conditions. Oncology urgent care centers aim to streamline patient care. Our cancer center developed an urgent care center called the direct referral unit in 2011.

Methods

We abstracted visits to our adjacent hospital ED and direct referral unit from January 2014 to June 2018. Patient demographics, cancer and visit diagnoses, visit charges, and 30-day therapy utilization were assessed.

Results

An analysis of 13 114 visits demonstrated that increased direct referral unit utilization was associated with decreased monthly ED visits (P < .001). Common direct referral unit visit diagnoses were dehydration, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Patients receiving active cancer treatment more frequently presented to the direct referral unit (P < .001). The average charges were $2221 for the direct referral unit and $10 261 for the ED.

Conclusion

The association of decreased ED visits with increased direct referral unit utilization demonstrates the potential for urgent care centers to reduce acute care visits. Many patients presented to our direct referral unit with preventable conditions, and these visits were associated with considerable cost savings, supporting its use as a cost-effective method to reduce acute care costs.
Severe housing cost burden and premature mortality from cancer
Authors: Lawrence Wayne R , Freedman Neal D , McGee-Avila Jennifer K , Mason Lee , Chen Yingxi , Ewing Aldenise P , Shiels Meredith S
Published: February 2024

Unaffordable housing has been associated with poor health. We investigated the relationship between severe housing cost burden and premature cancer mortality (death before 65 years of age) overall and by Medicaid expansion status. County-level severe housing cost burden was measured by the percentage of households that spend 50% or more of their income on housing. States were classified on the basis of Medicaid expansion status (expanded, late-expanded, nonexpanded). Mortality-adjusted rate ratios were estimated by cancer type across severe housing cost burden quintiles. Compared with the lowest quintile of severe housing cost burden, counties in the highest quintile had a 5% greater cancer mortality rate (mortality-adjusted rate ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.01 to 1.08). Within each severe housing cost burden quintile, cancer mortality rates were greater in states that did not expand Medicaid, though this association was significant only in the fourth quintile (mortality-adjusted rate ratio = 1.08, 95% confidence interval = 1.03 to 1.13). Our findings demonstrate that counties with greater severe housing cost burden had higher premature cancer death rates, and rates are potentially greater in non–Medicaid-expanded states than Medicaid-expanded states.
Robotic-assisted thoracoscopy in the management of mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma: a case report
Authors: Steinkraus Kira C , Wittau Matthias , Kornmann Marko
Published: February 2024

Mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas, a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, has evolved significantly with the advent of robotic-assisted surgery. Traditional surgical approaches, while effective, may be associated with considerable morbidity and extended recovery periods. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness, precision, and postoperative outcomes of robotic thoracoscopy with parathyroidectomy in the management of mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas. A case of a 70-year-old man with a history of primary hyperparathyroidism underwent a successful left robotic thoracoscopy with parathyroidectomy in an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. The robotic approach demonstrated advantages such as enhanced precision and minimal invasiveness. However, the learning curve and cost implications of this technology were identified as considerations. Robotic thoracoscopy with parathyroidectomy underscores the potential of robotic surgery in revolutionizing the management of mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas, offering promising precision, emphasizing the need for ongoing research, and evaluation to optimize this innovative surgical method.
Anabolic steroids and the evaluation of patients with acute PM tendon rupture using microscopy and MRI
Authors: de Castro Pochini Alberto , Ejnisman Benno , Andreoli Carlos V , Lara Paulo H S , Godoy Ivan R B , Ribeiro Leandro M , Seixas Maria T , Belangero Paulo S , Hipolide Debora C
Published: February 2024

This study presented a pioneering investigation of the changes in the magnetic resonance imaging images of pectoralis major muscle (PMM) tendon rupture. In all, 26 men were evaluated with acute total PMM rupture (<3 months since injury) with a mean age of 37.3 years (SD = 9.7 years) and 10 control patients with a mean age of 32.6 years (SD = 4.2 years). The evaluation of the tendon PMM injuries was based on the magnetic resonance imaging exam and the histological analysis. The magnetic resonance imaging of the surgically showed two (7.1%) contralateral sides were normal, 16 (57.1%) showed superior tendinopathy, and 10 (35.7%) had total tendinopathy. Inferior tendinopathy was not observed. The tendon histology revealed degenerative changes in 16 (66.7%) fragments, with 12 (50.0%) considered as mild (<25%), and four considered as (16.7%) high (>50.0%) tendinopathy. Total acute rupture of the PMM tendon among weightlifters might be associated with tendinous degeneration prior to injury.
Greco-Roman Meals
Authors: Heilmann Jan
Published: February 2024

In the Greco-Roman world it was customary to eat three meals. Breakfast (ἀκράτισμαakratisma/ientaculum) and lunch (ἄριστονariston/prandium) only served to satisfy the hunger and had no particular social function. In contrast, the main meal in the late afternoon or early evening functioned as the decisive space where communion of social groups was constituted and could therefore possess various symbolic or theological connotations. The participants of the main meal generally reclined on dining couches, as the semantics of reclining terminology in ancient Judaism and early Christianity shows. In the Greco-Roman world, communal meals were divided into an actual meal (δεῖπνονdeipnon/epulum) and a subsequent banquet (συμπόσιονsymposion; ποτόςpotos/comissatio). Constituent elements of the banquet were the drinking of mixed wine and the common table talk which could be extended by an entertainment program with, e.g., music, dance, games, poetic contributions, or erotic entertainment. A symposiarch, one of the symposiasts, was responsible both for determining the mixing ratio of the wine and for guiding the table conversation. The transition between meal and banquet was marked by a sung prayer accompanied by a libation. In pagan as well as in Jewish and Christian contexts, the consumed food and drink variated according to the economic and social position of the householder or host. Bread, which also served as cutlery, formed the basis of satiety. Even in poorer circumstances there was a so-called opson (addition to the bread), which mostly consisted of vegetarian dishes as well as dips and sauces. In higher social classes, also in proximity to the coast or lakes, it was supplemented by fish, occasionally also by meat.
Television and Hinduism
Authors: Narasimhan Haripriya , Arumugam Indira
Published: February 2024

In March 2020, India came to a standstill under one of the strictest lockdowns to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Marooned in their homes (those who had homes), people invariably turned to television to while away the time and relieve anxieties about the virus. The state broadcaster Doordarshan began telecasting the serialized versions of two most well-known epics in India, the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Though several versions have since appeared, the Ramanand Sagar version of the Ramayana first telecast in 1987 and the B. R. Chopra version of the Mahabharata telecast in 1988 are considered most successful. Relatively unknown actors who played Rama (Arun Govil), Sita (Deepika Chikalia-Topiwala), and Krishna (Nitish Bharadwaj) became overnight sensations. In the late 1980s, much of the Hindi-speaking parts of the country came under the spell of these television shows. One of the few works theorizing religion on television and/or television as religion is Elijah Siegler’s chapter entitled “Television” in The Routledge Companion to Religion and Popular Culture notes that in its role as a purveyor of entertainment and foremost cultural raconteur in today’s social landscape, television has accrued a sort of religious authority. Tracing the imbrications of American Protestantism and television programming, he proposes that television has three main functions—(1) a priestly one of establishing the hegemony and homogeneity of the dominant religious culture, (2) a prophetic one critiquing the initially established religious and cultural hegemony, and (3) a rabbinical role of presenting the diversity of religious encounters and values without advocating a particular position. Given the still ongoing reverberations of a deregulated media and liberalized broadcasting, television in India has mainly had a priestly function. Ritualizing certain aspects of communal experience, television programs reinforce the values of the dominant Hindu culture in public often without explicitly referring to religion. The repetitive nature of television programs itself supports this ritual function. With time and space set apart for a specific activity that brought families and communities together in an act of collective attunement to the transcendent, watching the Ramayana and Mahabharata at 9 am every Sunday had all the trappings of a ritual. But this was in the pre-globalized and pre-Internet era in India when there was not much in the way of entertainment except for cinema. How are we to make sense of the success of the contemporary resonance thirty years later amid widespread availability of other forms of entertainment? After the economic reforms of 1991, India’s television landscape has become plural and the viewing public has become more fragmented. In this essay, we consider the articulations between these seismic economic, political, and social transformations and the intricate ecologies of television and ultimately their impact on the making, unmaking, and mobilizing of religious publics as well as culturalist, political and especially religious productions.
Coups in Africa
Authors: Khisa Moses
Published: February 2024

The coup d’état has long been a key and defining feature of the post-independent African political landscape. The first successful military coup took place in Egypt in July 1952, followed by Sudan in 1958. But it was the 1966 overthrow of Ghana’s Kwame Nkrumah, the doyen of Pan-Africanism and de facto leader of a united Africa, that marked a major turning point and heralded the coup phenomenon that took center stage for the next half-century. From the 1960s through to the twenty-first century, coups became a routine phenomenon across the continent. During the first three decades of independence, from 1960 to 1990, there were at least twenty-two successful coups d’état per decade. By the 2010s, thirty-three African states had experienced a coup, and only one-third of states had avoided a military takeover—and the attendant destabilizations. While early scholarship on the military in post-independence Africa tended to focus on its modernizing role, viewing the military as a tool for development, the surge in coups soon shifted focus to making sense of the praetorian behavior of officer corps, the causes of coups, and the consequences for civil-military relations. The coup idiom then became the vector and analytical aperture for studying the role of African militaries in the politics of the continent. The earliest work situated the coup in the broader context of colonial legacies and the institutional peculiarities that predisposed civilian governments to military overthrows. Later, some scholars underscored the structural foundations of coup behavior, while others pointed to the individual idiosyncrasies of officer corps. A stream of quantitative work in the 1980s and 1990s broke ground in providing more precise measurements and predictions of the coup phenomenon. As coup incidents peaked in the late 1990s and early 2000s, coinciding with large-scale civil wars and interstate conflicts, the main question had become not why coups happen but why they didn’t occur in the countries that avoided them or that previously experienced them but no longer did. Coups declined precipitously starting around the mid-2000s and throughout the 2010s, only for a resurgence to emerge at the end of the 2010s. The recent recrudescence in both attempted and successful coups, with a notable concentration in the Sahel and West African subregions, reignited scholarly and policy debates on the enduring centrality of the coup d’état in African political development.
Traditional Authorities
Authors: Honig Lauren
Published: February 2024

Traditional authorities (TAs) are leaders that draw legitimacy from tradition, custom, ancestry, and/or indigeneity. Examples of traditional sources of authority include linkages to historical kingdoms and membership in the first lineage to settle a community. However, TAs often also derive authority from their connections to the colonial and contemporary state. In many African countries, they have important roles in politics and local governance, including conflict resolution, management of land or other natural resources, and public goods provisions. In some countries, traditional leaders have official roles and state recognitions of their authority; elsewhere, they have informal influence. TAs’ proximity to local populations makes them effective intermediaries with the state. In addition, their succession to power is often hereditary; as such, they function as unelected local leaders. The terms chiefs, customary authorities, and traditional leaders may be used synonymously in the scholarship on traditional authority, but the specific terminology for different positions of authority varies by country.
Rimpa School
Authors: Wilson Richard L.
Published: February 2024

“Rinpa,” a 20th-century neologism connoting “school of Kōrin,” designates a group of early modern artists organized around the Kyoto painter Ogata Kōrin (b. 1658–d. 1716). Most of the popular and scholarly attention is dedicated to five figures. Hon’ami Kōetsu (b. 1558–d. 1637) and Tawaraya Sōtatsu (d. c. 1640), active in Kyoto in the first half of the seventeenth century, are conventionally identified as the school’s founders. Kōrin and his younger brother Kenzan (b. 1663–d. 1743), grandnephews of Kōetsu and familiar with the work of Sōtatsu, boldly reworked elements of those pioneers for early-18th-century audiences, and spread the Rinpa manner to the new capital of Edo. In the early nineteenth century, the Kōrin mantle was taken up in Edo (the forerunner of Tokyo) by Sakai Hōitsu (b. 1761–d. 1828), who constructed a genealogical framework for the Rinpa school and, in his painting, infused the Kōrin style with the nascent empiricism of the day. A handful of lesser-known artists tailored the Rinpa mode to modern times. In contrast to academic painting practice, Rinpa artists were not bound to lineage transmission or a fixed repertory of methods or motifs. They painted and designed screens, scrolls, cards and papers, printed books, ceramics, lacquerware, and textiles. Accordingly, Rinpa has long been characterized as “decorative,” suggesting that its applications are more important than its narrative or expressive qualities. On the other hand, the majority of Rinpa themes are rooted in Heian- and Kamakura-era literature, which encouraged many scholars to describe it as neoclassical. Writing on Rinpa begins with 19th-century artist-antiquarians and, following the growth of the postwar Japanese economy, reaches a frenetic peak at the end of the twentieth century. Citations are divided here into general works, journals, prewar studies, specific artists, thematic studies, and technical studies. Overseas scholars have contributed to nearly all these categories. While every effort has been made to include those sources, benchmark publications in Japanese constitute the bulk of the entries. Note: Japanese personal names are written surname first, without comma separation. Older studies Romanize the group name as “Rimpa,” but following Wade-Giles convention, most publications spell the name with an “n” instead of “m.” Individual citations follow the spelling in the original work.
First Fragment
Authors: Hamsun Knut
Published: February 2024

It was at the time when I was wandering around hungry in Kristiania, that strange city no one leaves before it has set its mark on them …

I lie awake in my garret and hear a clock somewhere beneath me striking six; it was...
Third Fragment
Authors: Hamsun Knut
Published: February 2024

A week went by in splendour and good cheer.

Once again I had got over the worst, I had food every day, my courage rose, and I poked my irons into the fire one after the other. I had three or four essays on the...
The Problem
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

I confess that at these words a shudder passed through me. There was a thrill in the doctor’s voice which showed that he was himself deeply moved by that which he told us. Holmes leaned forward in his excitement, and his eyes had...
The Hound of the Baskervilles
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

One of Sherlock Holmes’s defects — if, indeed, one may call it a defect — was that he was exceedingly loth to communicate his full plans to any other person until the instant of their fulfilment. Partly it came no doubt from his own masterful nature,...
Over-Production.
Authors: Carlyle Thomas
Published: February 2024

But what will reflective readers say of a Governing Class, such as ours, addressing its Workers with an indictment of ‘Over-production!’* Over-production: runs it not so? “Ye miscellaneous, ignoble manufacturing individuals, ye have produced too much! We accuse you of making above...
Reward.
Authors: Carlyle Thomas
Published: February 2024

‘Religion,’ I said; for, properly speaking, all true Work is Religion: and whatsoever Religion is not Work may go and dwell among the Brahmins, Antinomians, Spinning Dervishes,* or where it will; with me it shall have no harbour. Admirable was that...
The one Institution.
Authors: Carlyle Thomas
Published: February 2024

What our Government can do in this grand Problem of the Working Classes of England? Yes, supposing the insane Corn-Laws totally abolished, all speech of them ended, and ‘from ten to twenty years of new possibility to live and find wages’*...
Captains of Industry.
Authors: Carlyle Thomas
Published: February 2024

If I believed that Mammonism with its adjuncts was to continue henceforth the one serious principle of our existence, I should reckon it idle to solicit remedial measures from any Government, the disease being insusceptible of remedy. Government can do much, but it can...
Secret Worship
Authors: Blackwood Algernon
Published: February 2024

Harris, the silk merchant, was in South Germany on his way home from a business trip when the idea came to him suddenly that he would take the mountain railway from Strassbourg and run down to revisit his old school after an interval of...
The Kit-Bag
Authors: Blackwood Algernon
Published: February 2024

When the words ‘Not Guilty’ sounded through the crowded court-room that dark December afternoon, Arthur Wilbraham, the great criminal K.C.* and leader for the triumphant defence, was represented by his junior; but Johnson, his private secretary, carried the verdict across to his...
A Descent into Egypt
Authors: Blackwood Algernon
Published: February 2024

I

He was an accomplished, versatile man whom some called brilliant. Behind his talents lay a wealth of material that right selection could have lifted into genuine distinction. He did too many things, however, to excel in one, for a restless curiosity kept him...
The Land of Green Ginger
Authors: Blackwood Algernon
Published: February 2024

In his luxurious service flat* the elderly Mr Adam sat before the fire with a frown upon his face, a frown not of anger or annoyance but of perplexity. It was the cosy time between tea and dinner; about his armchair lay...
The Science of Deduction
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

We met next day as he had arranged, and inspected the rooms at No. 221B, Baker Street,* of which he had spoken at our meeting. They consisted of a couple of comfortable bedrooms and a single large airy sitting-room, cheerfully furnished,...
Tobias Gregson Shows What He Can Do
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

The papers next day were full of the ‘Brixton Mystery’, as they termed it. Each had a long account of the affair, and some had leaders* upon it in addition. There was some information in them which was new to me....
On the Great Alkali Plain
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

In the central portion of the great North American Continent there lies an arid and repulsive desert,* which for many a long year served as a barrier against the advance of civilization. From the Sierra Nevada to Nebraska, and from the...
John Ferrier Talks with the Prophet
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

Three weeks had passed since Jefferson Hope and his comrades had departed from Salt Lake City. John Ferrier’s heart was sore within him when he thought of the young man’s return, and of the impending loss of his adopted child. Yet her bright and...
The Avenging Angels
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

All night their course lay through intricate defiles and over irregular and rock-strewn paths. More than once they lost their way, but Hope’s intimate knowledge of the mountains enabled them to regain the track once more. When morning broke, a scene of marvellous though...
May Day
Authors: Fitzgerald F. Scott
Published: February 2024

There had been a war fought and won and the great city of the conquering people was crossed with triumphal arches and vivid with thrown flowers of white, red, and rose. All through the long spring days the returning soldiers marched up the chief...
The Curious Case of Benjamin Button
Authors: Fitzgerald F. Scott
Published: February 2024

As long ago as 1860 it was the proper thing to be born at home. At present, so I am told, the high gods of medicine have decreed that the first cries of the young shall be uttered upon the anesthetic air of a hospital,...
Black Peter
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

I have never known my friend to be in better form, both mental and physical, than in the year ’95. His increasing fame had brought with it an immense practice, and I should be guilty of an indiscretion if I were even to hint...
The Three Students
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: February 2024

It was in the year ’95 that a combination of events, into which I need not enter, caused Mr. Sherlock Holmes and myself to spend some weeks in one of our great University towns,* and it was during this time that the...
Book II
Authors: Wharton Edith
Published: February 2024

X

The war was three months old — three centuries. By virtue of some gift of adaptation which seemed forever to discredit human sensibility, people were already beginning to live into the monstrous idea of it, acquire its ways, speak its language, regard it as a...
Book IV
Authors: Wharton Edith
Published: February 2024

XXXII

Heavily the weeks went by.

The world continued to roar on through smoke and flame, and contrasted with that headlong race was the slow dragging lapse of hours and days to those who had to wait on events inactively.

When Campton met Paul Dastrey...
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Authors: Wittgenstein Ludwig
Published: February 2024

Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, first published in German in 1921 and in English translation in 1922, is one of the most influential philosophical texts of the twentieth century. It played a fundamental role in the development of analytic philosophy, and its philosophical ideas and implications have been fiercely debated ever since. This new translation improves on the two main earlier translations, taking advantage of the scholarship over the last century that has deepened our understanding of both the Tractatus and Wittgenstein's philosophy more generally, scholarship that has also involved discussion of the difficulties in translating the original German text and the issues of interpretation that arise.

Michael Beaney's translation is accompanied by two introductory essays, the first explaining the background to Wittgenstein's work, its main ideas and their subsequent development and influence, and some of the central debates, and the second providing an account of the history of the text and the two earlier translations. It is accompanied by detailed notes, explaining key points of translation and interpretation, a glossary, chronology, and other editorial material designed to help the reader understand the Tractatus and its place in the history of philosophy.
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
Authors: Wittgenstein Ludwig
Published: February 2024

Dedicated to the memory of my friend David H. Pinsent

Motto:…and everything one knows, not merely heard as rumbling and roaring, can be said in three words.

Kürnberger*
Two Old Family Interiors
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Of the domestic and inside life of the middle of Long Island, at and just before that time, here are two samples:

“The Whitmans, at the beginning of the present century, lived in a long story-and-a-half farm-house, hugely timber’d, which is still standing. A great...
Paumanok, and My Life on it as Child and Young Man
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Worth fully and particularly investigating indeed this Paumanok, (to give the spot its aboriginal name,1) stretching east through Kings, Queens and Suffolk counties, 120 miles altogether — on the north Long Island sound, a beautiful, varied and picturesque series of inlets, “necks” and sea-like...
My First Reading — Lafayette
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

From 1824 to ’28 our family lived in Brooklyn in Front, Cranberry and Johnson streets. In the latter my father built a nice house for a home, and afterwards another in Tillary street. We occupied them, one after the other, but they were mortgaged,...
Omnibus Jaunts and Drivers
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

One phase of those days must by no means go unrecorded — namely, the Broadway omnibuses, with their drivers.* The vehicles still (I write this paragraph in 1881) give a portion of the character of Broadway — the Fifth avenue, Madison avenue, and Twenty-third street lines...
National Uprising and Volunteering
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

I have said somewhere that the three Presidentiads preceding 1861 show’d how the weakness and wickedness of rulers are just as eligible here in America under republican, as in Europe under dynastic influences. But what can I say of that prompt and splendid wrestling with...
Contemptuous Feeling
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Even after the bombardment of Sumter, however, the gravity of the revolt, and the power and will of the slave States for a strong and continued military resistance to national authority, were not at all realized at the North, except by a few. Nine-tenths...
Battle of Bull Run, July, 1861
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

All this sort of feeling was destin’d to be arrested and revers’d by a terrible shock — the battle of first Bull Run — certainly, as we now know it, one of the most singular fights on record. (All battles, and their results, are far more matters of...
The Stupor Passes — Something Else Begins
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

But the hour, the day, the night pass’d, and whatever returns, an hour, a day, a night like that can never again return. The President, recovering himself, begins that very night — sternly, rapidly sets about the task of reorganizing his forces, and placing himself in...
After First Fredericksburg
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

December 23 to 31. — The results of the late battle are exhibited everywhere about here in thousands of cases, (hundreds die every day,) in the camp, brigade, and division hospitals. These are merely tents, and sometimes very poor ones, the wounded lying on the ground,...
Fifty Hours Left Wounded on the Field
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Here is a case of a soldier I found among the crowded cots in the Patent-office. He likes to have someone to talk to, and we will listen to him. He got badly hit in his leg and side at Fredericksburgh that eventful Saturday,...
Hospital Scenes and Persons
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Letter
Writing. — When eligible, I encourage the men to write, and myself, when called upon, write all sorts of letters for them, (including love letters, very tender ones.) Almost as I reel off these memoranda, I write for a new patient to his wife. M....
An Army Hospital Ward
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Let me specialize a visit I made to the collection of barrack-like one-story edifices, Campbell hospital, out on the flats, at the end of the then horse railway route, on Seventh street. There is a long building appropriated to each ward. Let us go...
A Connecticut Case
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

This young man in bed 25 is H. D. B.,* of the 27th Connecticut, company B. His folks live at Northford, near New Haven. Though not more than twenty-one, or thereabouts, he has knock’d much around the world, on sea...
Two Brooklyn Boys
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Here in this same ward are two young men from Brooklyn, members of the 51st New York. I had known both the two as young lads at home, so they seem near to me. One of them, J. L.,* lies there with...
A Secesh Brave
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

The grand soldiers are not comprised in those of one side, any more than the other. Here is a sample of an unknown southerner, a lad of seventeen. At the War department, a few days ago, I witness’d a presentation of captured flags to...
Battle of Gettysburg
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

July
4th. — The weather to-day, upon the whole, is very fine, warm, but from a smart rain last night, fresh enough, and no dust, which is a great relief for this city. I saw the parade about noon, Pennsylvania avenue, from Fifteenth street down toward...
A Cavalry Camp
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

I am writing this, nearly sundown, watching a cavalry company (acting Signal service,) just come in through a shower, making their night’s camp ready on some broad, vacant ground, a sort of hill, in full view opposite my window. There are the men in their...
Home-Made Music
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

August
8th. — To-night, as I was trying to keep cool, sitting by a wounded soldier in Armory-square, I was attracted by some pleasant singing in an adjoining ward. As my soldier was asleep, I left him, and entering the ward where the music was, I...
Abraham Lincoln
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

August
12th. — I see the President almost every day, as I happen to live where he passes to or from his lodgings out of town. He never sleeps at the White House during the hot season, but has quarters at a healthy location some three...
Heated Term
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

There has lately been much suffering here from heat; we have had it upon us now eleven days. I go around with an umbrella and a fan. I saw two cases of sun-stroke yesterday, one in Pennsylvania avenue, and another in Seventh street. The...
Soldiers and Talks
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Soldiers, soldiers, soldiers, you meet everywhere about the city, often superb-looking men, though invalids dress’d in worn uniforms, and carrying canes or crutches. I often have talks with them, occasionally quite long and interesting. One, for instance, will have been all through...
Death of a Wisconsin Officer
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Another characteristic scene of that dark and bloody 1863, from notes of my visit to Armory-square hospital, one hot but pleasant summer day. In ward H we approach the cot of a young lieutenant* of one of the Wisconsin regiments....
Paying The Bounties
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

One of the things to note here now is the arrival of the paymaster with his strong box, and the payment of bounties to veterans re-enlisting. Major H.* is here to-day, with a small mountain of greenbacks, rejoicing the hearts of the...
Summer of 1864
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

I am back again in Washington, on my regular daily and nightly rounds. Of course there are many specialties. Dotting a ward here and there are always cases of poor fellows, long-suffering under obstinate wounds, or weak and dishearten’d from typhoid fever, or the...
Hospital Scenes — Incidents
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

It is Sunday afternoon, middle of summer, hot and oppressive, and very silent through the ward. I am taking care of a critical case, now lying in a half lethargy. Near where I sit is a suffering rebel, from the 8th Louisiana;...
A Yankee Soldier
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

As I turn’d off the Avenue one cool October evening into Thirteenth street, a soldier with knapsack and overcoat stood at the corner inquiring his way. I found he wanted to go part of the road in my direction, so we walk’d on together....
Items From My Note Books
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Some of the half-eras’d, and not over-legible when made, memoranda of things wanted by one patient or another, will convey quite a fair idea. D. S. G., bed 52, wants a good book; has a sore, weak throat; would like some horehound candy; is...
A Case From Second Bull Run
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Well, poor John Mahay is dead. He died yesterday. His was a painful and long-lingering case, (see p. 35 ante.) I have been with him at times for the past fifteen months. He belonged to company A, 101st New York, and was...
Boys in the Army
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

As I walk’d home about sunset, I saw in Fourteenth street a very young soldier, thinly clad, standing near the house I was about to enter. I stopt a moment in front of the door and call’d him to me. I knew that an...
The Capitol by Gas-Light
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

To-night I have been wandering awhile in the capitol, which is all lit up. The illuminated rotunda looks fine. I like to stand aside and look a long, long while, up at the dome; it comforts me somehow. The House and Senate were both...
The Weather — Does it Sympathize with these Times?
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Whether the rains, the heat and cold, and what underlies them all, are affected with what affects man in masses, and follow his play of passionate action, strain’d stronger than usual, and on a larger scale than usual — whether this, or no, it is certain...
Inauguration Ball
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

March 6. — I have been up to look at the dance and supper-rooms, for the inauguration ball at the Patent office; and I could not help thinking, what a different scene they presented to my view a while since, fill’d with a crowded...
A Yankee Antique
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

March 27, 1865. — Sergeant Calvin F. Harlowe, company C, 29th Massachusetts, 3d brigade, 1st division, Ninth corps — a mark’d sample of heroism and death, (some may say bravado, but I say heroism, of grandest, oldest order) — in the late attack by the rebel troops, and...
Wounds and Diseases
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

The war is over, but the hospitals are fuller than ever, from former and current cases. A large majority of the wounds are in the arms and legs. But there is every kind of wound, in every part of the body. I should say...
Releas’d Union Prisoners From South
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

The releas’d prisoners of war are now coming up from the southern prisons. I have seen a number of them. The sight is worse than any sight of battle-fields, or any collection of wounded, even the bloodiest. There was, (as a sample,) one large...
Western Soldiers
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

May 26–7. — The streets, the public buildings and grounds of Washington, still swarm with soldiers from Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Missouri, Iowa, and all the Western States. I am continually meeting and talking with them. They often speak to me first, and always show great sociability,...
Two Brothers, One South, One North
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

May 28–9. — I staid to-night a long time by the bedside of a new patient, a young Baltimorean, aged about 19 years, W. S. P.,* (2d Maryland, southern,) very feeble, right leg amputated, can’t sleep hardly at all — has taken a great deal of...
Calhoun’s Real Monument
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

In one of the hospital tents for special cases, as I sat to-day tending a new amputation, I heard a couple of neighboring soldiers talking to each other from their cots. One down with fever, but improving, had come up belated from...
Hospitals Closing
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

October 3. — There are two army hospitals now remaining. I went to the largest of these (Douglas) and spent the afternoon and evening. There are many sad cases, old wounds, incurable sickness, and some of the wounded from the March and April battles before Richmond....
An Interregnum Paragraph
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Several years now elapse before I resume my diary. I continued at Washington working in the Attorney-General’s department through ’66 and ’67, and some time afterward. In February ’73 I was stricken down by paralysis, gave up my desk, and migrated to Camden, New...
Entering a Long Farm-Lane
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

As every man has his hobby-liking, mine is for a real farm-lane fenced by old chestnut-rails gray-green with dabs of moss and lichen, copious weeds and briers growing in spots athwart the heaps of stray-pick’d stones at the fence bases — irregular paths worn between, and...
An Early Summer Reveille
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Away then to loosen, to unstring the divine bow, so tense, so long. Away, from curtain, carpet, sofa, book — from “society” — from city house, street, and modern improvements and luxuries — away to the primitive winding, aforementioned wooded creek, with its untrimm’d bushes and turfy banks — away from ligatures,...
Birds Migrating at Midnight
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Did you ever chance to hear the midnight flight of birds passing through the air and darkness overhead, in countless armies, changing their early or late summer habitat? It is something not to be forgotten. A friend called me up just after 12 last...
Locusts and Katydids
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Aug. 22. — Reedy monotones of locust, or sounds of katydid — I hear the latter at night, and the other both day and night. I thought the morning and evening warble of birds delightful; but I find I can listen to these strange insects with just as...
The Lesson of a Tree
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Sept. 1. — I should not take either the biggest or the most picturesque tree to illustrate it. Here is one of my favorites now before me, a fine yellow poplar, quite straight, perhaps 90 feet high, and four thick at the butt. How...
Crows and Crows
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Nov. 14. — As I sit here by the creek, resting after my walk, a warm languor bathes me from the sun. No sound but a cawing of crows, and no motion but their black flying figures from overhead, reflected in the mirror of...
A Winter Day on the Sea-Beach
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

One bright December mid-day lately I spent down on the New Jersey sea-shore, reaching it by a little more than an hour’s railroad trip over the old Camden and Atlantic. I had started betimes, fortified by nice strong coffee and a good breakfast (cook’d...
Sea-Shore Fancies
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Even as a boy, I had the fancy, the wish, to write a piece, perhaps a poem, about the sea-shore — that suggesting, dividing line, contact, junction, the solid marrying the liquid — that curious, lurking something, (as doubtless every objective form finally becomes to the subjective spirit,)...
In Memory of Thomas Paine
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Some thirty-five years ago, in New York city, at Tammany hall, of which place I was then a frequenter, I happen’d to become quite well acquainted with Thomas Paine’s perhaps most intimate chum, and certainly his later years’ very frequent companion, a remarkably fine...
Spring Overtures — Recreations
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Feb. 10. — The first chirping, almost singing, of a bird to-day. Then I noticed a couple of honey-bees spirting and humming about the open window in the sun.

Feb. 11. — In the soft rose and pale gold of the declining light, this beautiful evening, I...
The Gates Opening
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

April 6. — Palpable spring indeed, or the indications of it. I am sitting in bright sunshine, at the edge of the creek, the surface just rippled by the wind. All is solitude, morning freshness, negligence. For companions my two kingfishers sailing, winding, darting, dipping, sometimes...
Full-Starr’d Nights
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

May 21. — Back in Camden. Again commencing one of those unusually transparent, full-starr’d, blue-black nights, as if to show that however lush and pompous the day may be, there is something left in the not-day that can outvie it. The rarest, finest sample of long-drawn-out...
The Oaks and I
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Sept. 5, ’77. — I write this, 11 a.m., shelter’d under a dense oak by the bank, where I have taken refuge from a sudden rain. I came down here, (we had sulky drizzles all the morning, but an hour ago a...
The First Frost — Mems
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Where I was stopping I saw the first palpable frost, on my sunrise walk, October 6; all over the yet-green spread a light blue-gray veil, giving a new show to the entire landscape. I had but little time to notice it, for the sun...
Three Young Men’S Deaths
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

December 20. — Somehow I got thinking to-day of young men’s deaths — not at all sadly or sentimentally, but gravely, realistically, perhaps a little artistically. Let me give the following three cases from budgets of personal memoranda, which I have been turning over, alone in my room,...
February Days
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

February 7, 1878. — Glistening sun to-day, with slight haze, warm enough, and yet tart, as I sit here in the open air, down in my country retreat, under an old cedar. For two hours I have been idly wandering around the woods and pond,...
Horse-Mint
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Aug. 22. — Not a human being, and hardly the evidence of one, in sight. After my brief semi-daily bath, I sit here for a bit, the brook musically brawling, to the chromatic tones of a fretful cat-bird somewhere off in the bushes. On my walk...
Death of William Cullen Bryant
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

New
York City. — Came on from West Philadelphia, June 13, in the 2 p.m. train to Jersey city, and so across and to my friends, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. J.,* and their large house, large family (and large hearts,) amid...
Happiness and Raspberries
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

June 21. — Here I am, on the west bank of the Hudson, 80 miles north of New York, near Esopus, at the handsome, roomy, honeysuckle-and-rose-embower’d cottage of John Burroughs. The place, the perfect June days and nights, (leaning toward crisp and cool,) the...
Manhattan from the Bay
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

June 25. — Returned to New York last night. Out to-day on the waters for a sail in the wide bay, southeast of Staten island — a rough, tossing ride, and a free sight — the long stretch of Sandy Hook, the highlands of Navesink, and the many vessels outward...
Hours for the Soul
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

July 22d, 1878. — Living down in the country again. A wonderful conjunction of all that goes to make those sometime miracle-hours after sunset — so near and yet so far. Perfect, or nearly perfect days, I notice, are not so very uncommon; but the combinations that make...
Wild Flowers
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

This has been and is yet a great season for wild flowers; oceans of them line the roads through the woods, border the edges of the water-runlets, grow all along the old fences, and are scatter’d in profusion over the fields. An...
A Civility Too Long Neglected
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

The foregoing reminds me of something. As the individualities I would mainly portray have certainly been slighted by folks who make pictures, volumes, poems, out of them — as a faint testimonial of my own gratitude for many hours of peace and comfort in...
Delaware River — Days and Nights
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

April 5, 1879. — With the return of spring to the skies, airs, waters of the Delaware, return the sea-gulls. I never tire of watching their broad and easy flight, in spirals, or as they oscillate with slow unflapping wings, or look down with...
The First Spring Day on Chestnut Street
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Winter relaxing its hold, has already allow’d us a foretaste of spring. As I write, yesterday afternoon’s softness and brightness, (after the morning fog, which gave it a better setting, by contrast,) show’d Chestnut street — say between Broad and Fourth — to more advantage in its various...
Days at J. B.’s — Turf-Fires — Spring Songs
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

April 26. — At sunrise, the pure clear sound of the meadow lark. An hour later, some notes, few and simple, yet delicious and perfect, from the bush-sparrow — towards noon the reedy trill of the robin. To-day is the fairest, sweetest yet — penetrating warmth — a lovely veil in the...
Walter Dumont and his Medal
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

As I saunter’d along the high road yesterday, I stopp’d to watch a man near by, ploughing a rough stony field with a yoke of oxen. Usually there is much geeing and hawing, excitement, and continual noise and expletives, about a job of this...
Central Park Walks and Talks
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

May 16 to 22. — I visit Central Park now almost every day, sitting, or slowly rambling, or riding around. The whole place presents its very best appearance this current month — the full flush of the trees, the plentiful white and pink of the flowering shrubs, the...
A Fine Afternoon, 4 to 6
Authors: Whitman Walt
Published: February 2024

Ten thousand vehicles careering through the Park this perfect afternoon. Such a show! and I have seen all — watch’d it narrowly, and at my leisure. Private barouches, cabs and coupés, some fine horseflesh — lapdogs, footmen, fashions, foreigners, cockades on hats, crests on panels — the full oceanic tide...