bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generic versus disease-specific adverse event reporting: a comparison of the NSQIP and SAVES databases for the identification of acute care adverse events in adult spine surgery
Authors: Moskven Eryck , Daly Christopher D. , Nevin Jennifer , Bourassa-Moreau Étienne , Ailon Tamir , Charest-Morin Raphaële , Dea Nicolas , Dvorak Marcel F. , Fisher Charles G. , Kwon Brian K. , Paquette Scott , Street John T.
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE

The accurate identification and reporting of adverse events (AEs) is crucial for quality improvement. A myriad of AE systems are utilized. There is a lack of understanding of the differences between prospective versus retrospective, disease-specific versus generic, and point-of-care versus chart-abstracted systems. The objective of this study was to compare the benefits and limitations between the prospective, disease-specific, point-of-care Spine Adverse Events Severity System (SAVES) and the retrospective, generic, and chart-abstracted National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) for the identification and reporting of AEs in adult patients undergoing spinal surgery.

METHODS

The authors conducted an observational ambidirectional cohort study of adult patients undergoing spine surgery other than for trauma between 2011 and 2019 in a quaternary spine center. Patients were identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes in the NSQIP database and matched using unique medical record numbers to their corresponding record in SAVES. The incidence of AEs and per-patient AEs as recorded in NSQIP and SAVES was the primary outcome of interest. Comparable AEs were identified by matching NSQIP AEs to equivalent ones in SAVES. Chi-square tests were used to test for significant differences in the incidence of overall and comparable AEs between the databases.

RESULTS

There were 2198 patients identified in NSQIP, of whom 2033 also had complete records in SAVES. SAVES identified 5342 individual AEs in 1484 patients (73%) compared with 1291 individual AEs in 807 patients (39.7%) with the NSQIP database (p < 0.001). SAVES identified 250 intraoperative and 422 postoperative spine-specific AEs that NSQIP did not record. NSQIP captured a greater number of AEs beyond 30 days, including prolonged length of stay > 30 days, unplanned readmission, unplanned reoperation, and death later than 30 days after surgery compared with SAVES.

CONCLUSIONS

SAVES captures a greater incidence of peri- and intraoperative spine-specific AEs than NSQIP, while NSQIP identifies a greater number of AEs beyond 30 days. While a prospective, disease-specific, point-of-care AE system such as SAVES is specific for guiding quality improvement in spine surgery, it incurs greater time and financial costs. Conversely, a retrospective, generic, and chart-abstracted system such as NSQIP provides equivocal cross-institutional comparability with reduced time and financial costs. Specific contextual and aim-specific needs should guide the choice and implementation of an AE system.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN PENGGUNAAN APD, PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN APD, DAN ERGONOMI DENGAN KEJADIAN KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DI ROKAN HULU RIAU
Authors: Ansya Bastian Irham , Santoso Santoso , Kamali Zaman M.
Published: April 2023

The number of work accidents has increased by around 5-10% annually, the main causes of work accidents are still the same due to low awareness of the importance of implementing Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) among industry and society. This study used a cross sectional study conducted at PT. Gunung Sawit Mas (GSM), North Tambusai, Rokan Hulu, Riau. By collecting data using a questionnaire and the Ovako Working Analysis System (OWAS) method. The results of this study found that there was a significant relationship between knowledge of using (Personal Protective Equipment) PPE and the incidence of work accidents among workers at the PT. Gunung Sawit Mas Rokan Hulu. There is a significant relationship between the behavior of using PPE and the incidence of work accidents among workers at the PT. Gunung Sawit Mas Rokan Hulu. Workers who do not fully use PPE are 3.9 times more at risk of experiencing work accidents compared to workers who use PPE completely. There is a significant relationship between ergonomics and the incidence of work accidents among workers at the PT. Gunung Sawit Mas Rokan Hulu. Workers who are not ergonomic are 7.8 times more at risk of having work accidents compared to workers who are ergonomic
PENERAPAN METODE PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA”STOP TRASH” TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI SAMPAH PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI INDRAMAYU
Authors: Fitriyah Sukhriyatun , Rahmawati Ade
Published: April 2023

Permainan ular tangga merupakan permainan edukatif bagi anak usia sekolah yang bersifat menyenangkan sehingga anak dapat tertarik untuk belajar sekaligus dapat bermain, permainan ular tangg dapat dilakukan baik di dalam kelas maupun di luar kelas, serta dapat merangsang anak untuk beraktivitas secara berkelompok atau individu. Edukasi pendidikan kesehatan melaui metode permainan ular tangga membuat responden lebih mudah menerima informasi yang diberikan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pengumpulan sampel dilaksanakan di SDN singaraja I dan II kelas 4 s.d. 6 dengan rentang usia 10 s.d. 12 tahun. Sampel dari penelitian ini sebanyak 135 siswa dengan 81 siswa perempuan dan 51 Siswa laki-laki. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji Wilcoxon Rank Test dengan hasil Z =-8.421  nilai Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) atau p-value pada tingkat pengetahuan (0,000) < 0.05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan media permainan "stop trash" terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa sekolah dasar negeri singaraja mengenai sampah. ada beberapa kelebihan media permainan diantaranya permainan bersifat menyenangkan, memungkinkan adanya partisipasi untuk belajar, memberikan umpan balik, memungkinkan anak untuk memecahkan masalah-masalah, memberikan pengalaman-pengalaman nyata, serta membantu meningkatkan kemampuan komunikatifnya. Penggunaan jenis media permainan yang tepat akan memudahkan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan kesehatan.
Masa Kerja dengan Perilaku Aman pada Pekerja Bagian Workshop di PT.X Indramayu
Authors: Maulana Syaputra Eko , Nurbaeti Tayong Siti
Published: April 2023

National Safety Council (NSC), menyebutkan bahwa penyebab kecelakaan kerja adalah 88% karena perilaku tidak aman (unsafe behavior), 10% karena kondisi yang tidak aman (unsafe condition), dan 2% tidak diketahui penyebabnya. Berdasarkan hasil riset tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku manusia merupakan salah satu unsur yang mengakibatkan kecelakaan kerja. Masa kerja dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor seperti kinerja maupun perilaku positif dan perilaku negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan masa kerja dengan perilaku aman pada pekerja bagian workshop di PT.X Indramayu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 35 responden. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 33 responden. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara masa kerja dengan perilaku aman responden selama bekerja nilai p value 1,000. Perlu diberikannya secara rutin dan berkala kepada pekerja baru maupun lama terkait pelatihan tentang jobdesk pekerjaannya maupun tentang pelatihan K3.
Analisis Manajemen Risiko dengan Metode AS/NZS 4360:2004 pada Tangki Timbun Minyak di Riau
Authors: Estri Kartika  , Endang Purnawati Rahayu  , Kamali Zaman  , Herniwanti  , Nopriadi
Published: April 2023

Australian / New Zealand Risk Management Standard (AS/NZS 4360:2004) adalah metode mengidentifikasi risiko pada tangki timbun, melakukan penilaian dan merekomendasikan upaya pengendalian risiko. Jumlah korban kecelakaan tambang fatal terbesar disebabkan oleh kebakaran yaitu 75% terjadi pada kegiatan eksploitasi minyak. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis manajemen risiko pada tangki timbun di PT X. Jenis penelitian kualitatif analitik dengan instrumen wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, data, dan metode. Penelitian dilakukan di PT X pada Mei - Agustus 2020. Informan penelitian yaitu informan utama (staff departemen produksi dan Production Operation Manager) dan informan pendukung (Head of HSSE, staff departemen Facility Engineering, dan staff tim maintenance). Hasil penelitian diperoleh beberapa risiko pada tangki timbun yaitu kebakaran, kebocoran tangki, ledakan tangki, overpressure, tersengat arus listrik, gigitan hewan liar, terhirup gas H2S, terjatuh, terpeleset, dan terjepit. Semua risiko tersebut tergolong kategori high risk, kecuali kebocoran tangki timbun yang tergolong extreme risk, sehingga diperlukan upaya pengendalian risiko secara komprehensif mengelola risiko tersebut. Disarankan kepada PT X segera melakukan perbaikan terhadap tangki yang mengalami kerusakan, melakukan simulasi kebakaran secara rutin dan pengecekan terhadap seluruh peralatan pemadam kebakaran, serta menjaga kebersihan di area tangki timbun.
Breaking the commute barrier: How women in Jabodetabek overcome daily challenges on commuting for work
Authors: Hidayati Inayah
Published: April 2023

Ensuring safe and convenient transportation is vital for promoting gender equality. Unfortunately, women in Jabodetabek, Indonesia, frequently express insecurity in public transport due to harassment and violence, particularly in crowded buses and trains. This is a critical issue since secure and reliable transportation enables women to engage fully in education, employment, and daily activities.  To better understand women's experiences with public transportation in Jabodetabek, a study was conducted using a case study method. Six women commuters who used public transportation to travel within and between Jabodetabek were recruited based on their willingness to share their experiences and the diversity of their routes. The study used qualitative research methods to collect data, including in-depth interviews and observations of informants' commutes. The study discovered that women in Jabodetabek consider safety concerns and social norms crucial when deciding their transportation mode and route. Women's route choices are influenced by the presence of other women, well-lit areas, and visible security personnel, which contribute to their perceived safety and comfort. Gender plays a significant role in shaping these decisions. The implications of these findings are significant for transportation policy and planning in Jabodetabek. The research underscores the need to develop gender-responsive transportation policies and programs that address women commuters' unique challenges and needs. For example, transportation planners can take steps to increase security personnel presence and improve lighting in areas frequented by women. Moreover, providing women-only transportation options can enhance the safety and comfort of women during their travel. The present research is distinguished by its investigation of women's route choices and the multifaceted factors that shape their decision-making process. In addition, this research represents a gap in the existing literature that has yet to be extensively examined, thereby rendering this study a distinctive and valuable contribution to the field.
Evaluation of the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Bone Mineral Density of Upper and Lower Limbs by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Abdel Aziz Zainb A. , Dawood Numan S. , Al-Khalisy Maan H.
Published: April 2023

الخلفية: تم تقييم كثافة المعادن في العظام () باستخدام مقياس امتصاص الأشعة السينية ثنائي الطاقة (DEXA). يتم قياس كثافة المعادن بالعظام وفقًا لنتائج فحص DEXA للعمود الفقري والحوض. على الرغم من أنه من المعروف أن مرض السكري () يؤثر على كثافة المعادن بالعظام ، إلا أن المعلومات المتعلقة بهذه العلاقة ليست واضحة بشكل خاص حاليًا.
  الهدف: كان الهدف من الدراسة الحالية هو تقييم آثار داء السكري من النوع الثاني على كثافة المعادن في العظام في الأطراف العلوية والسفلية وكذلك الفروق بين الجنسين.
طريقة العمل: تضمنت هذه الدراسة 165 مريضاً يشكون من آلام في العظام (85 ذكراً و 80 أنثى) ، نصفهم يعانون من مرض السكري ، والذي يشمل كلا الجنسين. علاوة على ذلك ، تمت دراسة 90 متطوعًا يتمتعون بصحة جيدة على ما يبدو واعتبروا أنهم يشكلون المجموعة الضابطة. تعرض جميع الأفراد (255) في هذه الدراسة لدراسة كثافة المعادن بالعظام عبر DEXA لجميع أجزاء الجسم.
النتائج: كشف اختبار DEXA عن فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية بين جانبي الجسم في نفس الموضوع. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في كثافة المعادن بالعظام بين الإناث والذكور ، وفروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية بين مجموعة التحكم والمرضى معDMII  .
الإستنتاجات : أشارت نتائجنا إلى أن كثافة المعادن في عظام النساء كانت أقل من تلك الموجودة في الرجال في جميع الحالات (طبيعية ، هشاشة العظام ، و DMII مع هشاشة العظام). كشفت النتائج الأخرى التي تم الحصول عليها من هذا البحث أن DM II يمكن اعتباره أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لهشاشة العظام في عموم السكان.
Barreras que impiden la práctica de actividad física en personas adultas mayores: revisión sistemática
Authors: Cortés Gómez Licda Brynel , Solano Mora Luis , Rodríguez-Méndez Diego , Álvarez Bogantes Carlos
Published: April 2023

El estudio consiste en revisar sistemáticamente la literatura de estudios cualitativos, centrándose en la identificación de barreras que los adultos mayores perciben para involucrarse en la actividad física. La revisión abarcó bases de datos como Redalyc, PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, Dialnet y la revista Human Kinetics. Se consideraron aquellos estudios que tenían personas adultas mayores de 60 años y se analizaron 15 artículos, hallándose un total de 20 barreras divididas en tres dominios: a) intrapersonal, b) interpersonal y c) dominio de comunidad. Se encontró que en el dominio intrapersonal, las dos barreras principales fueron «falta de tiempo» y «miedo». En el interpersonal las más destacadas fueron «sin compañeros de actividad física» y «falta de apoyo social»; por último, el dominio de comunidad fue «un mal clima» y «el costo por participar» destacaron entre las más importantes barreras hacia la práctica de la actividad física.
Social Health of Iranian Nurses and Its Related Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Critical Care nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Abdollahi Ali , Dinmohammadi Mohammadreza ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nurses were in the frontline of patient care. This study aims to determine the social well-being of Iranian nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic and its related factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 612 nurses working in hospitals across the country participated. They completed the social well-being scale online from January to February 2021. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS software, version 22 software. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean total score of social health well-being was 74.1±9.5 out of 140. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that age (P=0.04, β=-0.95); gender (P=0.01, β=0.1) and type of employment (P=0.03, β=-0.1) were the predictors of nurses’ social well-being. Other demographic and job-related factors were not significant. Conclusion: The social well-being status of Iranian nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic is relatively favorable. The increase educational level and age and the specialization of available services through the promotion of organizational tasks can be helpful in improving the social well-being of nurses. Changing the employment of nurses from temporary to permanent can also increase their social well-being.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM KITAB RIYADHUS SHOLIHIN KARYA IMAM AN NAWAWI: ANALISA HAK PEREMPUAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Lestari Rahayu Itsna , Rusman Rusman , Asrori Asrori
Published: April 2023

Education is the right of every person. Especially, women who become their children's first madrasah. So,Therefore, as a means of preparing for this, women are entitled to a comprehensive education. The most important rights are aqidah education, character and mental preparation, and other educational rights. This study adopts the library method (library research), that is, research is conducted with reference to written materials related to the topic discussed and studied. The purpose of this study is to examine the values of Islamic education related to women's rights in Islamic education in the book Riyadhus Shalihin by Imam An Nawawi. The results of the study show that women have the right to education. This event is found in the hadith of the Prophet SAW, which is listed in the book of Riyadhus Shalihin hadith numbers 826, 574, and 1219. The hadith explains women's rights to education including how women get education.
PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MELALUI PEMANFAATAN BERGBAGAI MACAM OLAHAN DAUN KELOR DI DESA JETAKWANGER KABUPATEN BLORA
Authors: Ali Hamdan  , Ida fauziatun nisa
Published: April 2023

Demi terwujudnya kesehatan masyarakat serta meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi mahasiswa KKN unugiri dengan masyarakat desa jetakwanger kabupaten blora bekerjasama untuk membangun desa dengan meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat, salah satu gagasan tersebut adalah memanfaatkan daun kelor menjadi berbagai macam olahan baik makanan maupun minuman. Daun kelor merupakan tumbuhan tropis yang mudah ditanam karena tidak telalu membutuhkan perawatan yang intensif selain itu daun kelor memiliki ciri-ciri daunya kecil berbentuk oval dan sedidkit tebal, pohon kelor banyak tumbuh di lingkungan masyarakat dan mudah didapatkan. Maka dengan adanya pemanfaatan daun kelor tersebut merupakan salah satu pola menjaga kesehatan karena daun kelor akan kaya manfaat serta mampu memberikan peluang bagi masyarakat untuk dijual. Sebagai bentuk dan upaya yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian kepada masyarakat, mahasiswa unugiri memberikan pelatihan kepada masyarakat tentang cara pengolahan daun kelor menjadi aneka olahan yang nantinya dapat dikemas dengan baik sehingga mampu memberikan nilai plus bagi masyarakat. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam program pengabdian masyarakat tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) yaitu pendekatan pengembangan masyarakat yang di dasarkan pada aset lokal dan mampu meningkatkan sebuah nilai ekonomis di wilayah tersebut.
PENDAMPINGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI (SIPA) DESA SUMBER PANDAN
Authors: Ginanjar Abdurrahman  , Amalina Maryam Zakiyyah  , Reni Umilasari  , Mukti Sintawati
Published: April 2023

Corona virus disease 19 (Covid-19) mulai masuk Indonesia pada bulan maret 2020 dan menjadi pandemi di Indonesia. Hal ini mengakibatkan kebijakan pemerintah untuk membatasi mobilitas warga. Desa Sumber Pandan merupakan salah satu wilayah yang terdampak kebijakan pembatasan mobilitas warga tersebut, yakni kegiatan pengelolaan administrasi masyarakat di desa Sumber Pandan terkendala. Oleh karena itu, Kantor Desa Sumber Pandan memerlukan sistem informasi untuk pelayanan administrasi. Sistem informasi pelayanan administrasi ini kemudian dibangun dalam bentuk website, sehingga masyarakat tidak harus datang secara langsung ke Kantor Desa. Admin website tersebut nantinya dalah perangkat desa, dan pengguna adalah masyarakat desa sumber pandan. Setelah sistem informasi dibangun, perangkat desa ternyata mengalami kesulitan terkait teknis pengoperasian sistem pelayanan administrasi tersebut. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada perangkat desa agar dapat mengoperasikan sistem informasi pelayanan administrasi desa sumber pandan dengan baik. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini berupa webinar (website seminar) dengan menggunakan platform google meet. Hasil Pengabdian dilihat berdasarkan perbandingan nilai pretest dan posttest. Hasil pretest dengan nilai terendah 43 dan nilai tertinggi 67. Setelah dilaksanakan penyampaian materi yang disertai dengan praktek, dan selanjutnya dilakukan posttest, terlihat peningkatan yang cukup baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai terendah posttest sebesar 75 dan nilai tertinggi 90.
A Systematic Review of Treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations
Authors: Azwar Fathy , Nasution Muhammad Deni
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs), also known as cavernomas, are brain vascular anomalies that consist of clusters of aberrant, hyalinized capillaries surrounded by hemosiderin deposits and a gliotic border. CMs are also known as cavernomas. The vasculature is filled with blood and can exhibit varying degrees of thrombosis. The familial form of CMs is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is caused by a heterozygous mutation in one of the three genes, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, which may be located on the 7q, 7p, and 3p chromosomes, respectively. This type of CMs affects only one member of the immediate family. Patients diagnosed with CMs make up anywhere from forty to sixty percent of those who have the familial variety. Treatment options for CM lesions include microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative care. The most common procedure is called a microsurgical resection.
Method: The aim of study of this study to investigate the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations. This study used the literature review method by discovering articles using the search engine PubMed and SagePub and 6 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study.
Result: According to the findings of the study, there were no significant variations in patient outcomes in terms of  the frequency of seizures between those patients who had surgery and those who received conservative medicinal treatment.
Discussion: Cavernous malformations are intracerebral anomalies that were only brought to our attention in a meaningful way after the development of MRI technology. They are relatively frequent. Treatment includes microsurgery and radiosurgery. Microsurgery  cures the patient but has substantial problems with complications, deterioration and partial removal. Cavernomas that were previously inoperable can now be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. More research is required to fully understand the long-term neurological implications of SRS. In order to evaluate the efficacy of cavernoma treatments, the natural history of the tumors must be investigated.

Conclusion: Microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative management treat CM lesions. Microsurgical resection is most common. Stereotactic radiosurgery can now treat inoperable cavernomas. SRS's long-term neurological effects need further study. The natural history of cavernomas must be studied to determine therapeutic success.
Assessment of the management of medical waste during the Coronavirus epidemic was occurring in Al-Diwaniyah Hospital
Authors: Razaq Rahi Hamlan  , Alaa Kadhim Jasim  , Atheer Kadhim Ibadi
Published: April 2023

Medical waste is a global issue because of its detrimental effects on societal safety and the environment.
 Due to its contagious and harmful nature, which can have negative consequences on people and the environment, medical waste treatment is crucial.
Objective: assessment of the medical waste management during the Coronavirus epidemic was occurring in Al-Diwaniyah Hospitals.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was used to carry out the investigation. To randomly select cases, a self-administered Arabic language questionnaire was used. The analysis uses SPSS Version 21.
Results: General trash has been accounted for the majority of the waste produced in hospitals, with hazardous medical waste accounting for the second-highest percentage (63%) of waste handlers. In Al-Diwaniyah General Hospital, management levels were subpar, and medical waste management (MW) awareness among the entire medical teams was lacking.. the administrative employees, health professionals, and the cleaning staff did not have the necessary level of understanding concerning medical waste. The report suggests that integrated medical waste management should be clarified, suitable roles should be established, regulatory and legislative departments need to be supported, and increasing the training programs in the that medical institusion
Molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from COVID-19 patients as a secondary infection
Authors: Nathum Jabber Habeeb  , Khwam Reissan Hussein
Published: April 2023

Viral respiratory infection such as severe acute coronavirus-2 disease (SARS-CoV-2) and bacterial co-infections commonly are identified and a major cause of morbidity, mortality requiring prompt and antibacterial diagnosis. Sputum samples were collected from 100 patients including 68 males and 32 females with age ranged between 16 -85 years from the beginning of October 2021 to the end of March 2022. Specimens have been collected from isolation wards at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar province, south of Iraq from patients that were diagnosed with COVID-19 and taking preventive treatment for bacterial infections. The results have shown the most common isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae as the pathogen registered in 20 (32.2%) of the total 62 bacterial positive cases, followed by the Candida spp. 18 (29%). The current study also has demonstrated that the bacterial isolates were varied in their resistance and sensitivity to the antibiotics. A DNA fragment encoding the open reading frame (903 bp) of Cation-efflux pump FieF was successfully shown a positive PCR band and isolated from only 10 (47.6%) isolates of K. pneumoniae isolates were named Thi-Qar1-Thi-Qar11 by conventional PCR using Cation-efflux pump FieF gene specific primer. The obtained nucleotide sequences of the Cation-efflux pump FieF from the above-mentioned Thi-Qar isolates were deposited in the GenBank under accession numbers MZ069095-MZ069104.
Prevalence of Fasciolosis and Cystic Echinococcosis in Slaughtered Cattle in Abattoir of Al-Nassiriyah City
Authors: Wesam J.Hansh  , QasimM.Al-Taher  , Muthenna M.T.Alebady
Published: April 2023

Thepresent study was conducted from January to May 2018 to identify the infection rate of fasciolosis and cystic echinococcosis in cattleslaughtered in the slaughterhouse of Nassiriyah Municipality, Thi-Qar province. During this study, 524 (247 males and 277 females) cattle were submittedfor postmortem inspection. Chi-square is used to analyze the data. The prevalence of fasciolosis in the examined cattle was (7.25%) while the rate of infection with cystic Echinococcosis was (8.40%) with no significant difference.Infection with fasciolosis and cystic echinococcosis was higher infemales than males.The current study showed significant relevance between the sex of cattle andthe prevalence of both fasciolosis and cystic Echinococcosis (P?0.05). The prevalence of fasciolosis and cystic Echinococcosis were significantly affected among the age groups in cattle (P?0.05).
The Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Nurses Knowledge and Practice Infection Control and the care of neonate
Authors: Oday Faris Washeel
Published: April 2023

Analyze the impact of a newborn intensive care unit nurse education program on the nurses' infection control knowledge and practice.
Theoretical/Probabilistic (pre-test and post-test for the study group). Both Al-Mussawi Hospital and Bint Al-Huda Maternity Hospital in Nasiriya city housed two of Nasiriya's pediatric hospitals for the research. A total of 50 nurses were included in the research. A questionnaire and a checklist were used to gather the data (to measure practice). Analyses of the data were carried out utilizing SPSS version 19 (SPSS). The knowledge of nurses was significantly different between the pre- and post-tests (P< 0.05). 18 (36 %) of the nurses correctly answered the sterilization definition prior to attending the training, but 47 (94 %) correctly answered the definition after attending the program. Disinfectant, per dictionary definition After attending the session, 38 (78 %) of the nurses gave the proper definition of disinfectant, compared to 14 (28 %) of the nurses  gave the correct response before attending the program. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is considered a common precaution in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Before the program, the percentage of nurses who properly answered questions concerning standard precautions and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in NICU care was lower than the increased percentage of nurses' answers following the course. After a pre- and post-test assessment, the mean value of nurses' replies to the first statement (definition of sterilization) was (0.69
Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients in Thi-Qar Province
Authors: A Abd Akram , Salman Mahdi Dawood , Edan Alsaimary Ihsan
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus disease–2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, resulting in a 2% fatality rate. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome   Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes this illness, and it is a newly discovered zoonotic strain.TLRs, which identify microbial components originating from invading pathogens, are implicated in the activation of innateresponses to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the hyperinflammatory phenotype of COVID-19.
Aim: Determining the most common clinical factors in people with Covid and adopting them as the initial clinical diagnosis. Toreduce the risk of disease.Results: The highest age group of patients with covid_19 was (45-54 years) were 26 (29.5%) of all study patients. The mostfrequent symptom was fever (82.9%), and the least was diarrhea (21.6%). The study found no significant positive effect onsmoking and non-smokers.
Evaluation of Performance Quality of Workers in Medical Laboratories within the Health Sector under the Corona Pandemic in Al-Muthana Governorate/Iraq
Authors: Ali Harb Noor , Kadhim Jasim Alaa
Published: April 2023

Laboratory performance is a relative concept, but it is crucial in the whole testing process, as are quality and safety.  The study aimed to assess the quality of performance of workers in medical laboratories within the health sector during the Corona pandemic. 
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 3 hospitals, 19 PHCCs distributed in 5 sectors, and 1 Public Health Laboratory randomly selected ( using a   Multistage random sampling method) in Muthanna governorate.  The period of study starts on 1 December 2021 – 31 March 2021.
Results: The study found that 77.0% of the participants had a moderate assessment score, followed by 20.4%having a good assessment score. At the same time, the lowest percentage (2.6%) of the employees have a poorassessment score.
A Study of Infertility Cases in Males in Basrah Province
Authors: Edan Hussein Alaa , Dawood Salman Mahdi  , Ihsan Edan Alsaimary
Published: April 2023

Infertility remains a global health challenge with devastating psycho-social consequences in many communities, and the underlying long-term risk of couple separation is also a major clinical and social problem. Infertility is defined as the inability of a couple to conceive naturally after one year of intercourse.
A case-control study was carried out among males who have infertility and who attended the Infertility and in vitro fertilization Center of Basrah province in the period extended from September 2021 to June 2022. A questionnaire was used to record The special notes. Seminal fluid samples were collected from (176 patients and controls were divided into 88 patients of male samples and 88 samples of the control group). In the present study, age was divided into three groups, which were statistically non-significant. The residence was also non-significant, which included central and peripheral areas. The results also showed no statistical significance between smokers and nonsmokers. The laboratory results showed that the analyzed seminal fluid parameters such as volume, sperm count, grade A, grade D, and Morphology of sperm in the patient's group differed significantly from that of the control group (P. value <0.05). Compared to primary infertility (N=61,34.6%) or secondary infertility (N=27,15.4%), the analyzed seminal fluid parameters showed no statistical significance. In addition, the seminal fluid abnormalities, which were divided into six groups, that were found significantly statistically significant in patients from controls, include asthenozoospermia, necrozoospermia, teratozoospermia, and leukocytopenia. (P. value <0.05).
Association Abdominal Obesity with Dietary Habits and demographic Variables among Students at Southern Technical University
Authors: AbeerKhiryDekan  , JabbarTaresh Ahmed  , Sajjad Salim Issa
Published: April 2023

Obesity and overweight are still very common diseases affecting most regions of the world. According to studies, the increasing obesity prevalence in both adults and children of all ages, regardless of geography, race, or socioeconomic status. The Abdominal obesity is featured by fat accumulation in abdomen or atrophy of the large muscle group or both. So, the waist circumference (WC) is greater than the hip circumference (higher WHR) because of the accumulation of fat inside the abdomen. This study aims to find an association between abdominal obesity and dietary habits.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey; of 384 participants randomly selected from the formations of the Southern Technical University in Basra Governorate southern Iraq from (The College of Health and Medical Technologies, Technical College Administrative. Technical College of Engineering and Technical Institute in Basra) the data was gathered by conducting in-person interviews with the participants and utilizing thorough self-reporting survey questionnaires. Results: The present study reveals that more than half (51.0%) of students rest in the normal range. While 49.0% of them have  abdominal obesity. Conclusion: With the exception of rice and soft drinks, the results of the current study showed no significant correlation between dietary habits and WC. To address the high incidence of abdominal obesity, among university students who need health education programs.
Evaluation of Selenium and Vitamin E Levels in Women with Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Zeina J. AbduLshaheed  , Ali A. H. Albakaa  , Hasan Abd Ali Khudhair
Published: April 2023

The most frequent pregnancy issue is a miscarriage, which is defined as the spontaneous end of pregnancy before the fetus reaches viability. The current research aims to identify the potential significance of selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VE) as predictive diagnostic biomarkers in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Methods: A case control study that included three study groups; 35 women with RPL, 30 non-aborted pregnant (NAP) women, and 25  healthy women. After rigorously applying the eligibility requirements, patients were chosen from those visiting Bint Al-Huda Teaching Hospital and Suq Al-Shuyukh General Hospital in Thi-Qar Province (Iraq). Serum VE and serum Se levels were determined using the ELISA and atomic absorption spectrophotometer techniques, respectively.
 Results: The outcomes showed that the RPL group's serum VE and Se below normal levels were (88.6% and 62.9% respectively) lower than in the healthy control group (28% and 24% respectively). The level of VE was depleted in NAP group (93.3%) compared to HC group (28%) with significant differences, whereas the level of Se was significantly lower in RPL group (62.9%) compared NAP group (13.3%).
Conclusions: A significant positive association of VE and Se in RPL and a significant negative association of VE and Se in NAP and HC.
The Association between body mass index(BMI)with some pituitary gland hormones in infertile women with and without hypothyroidism in Basra Governorate
Authors: Ali S. Al-khafaji  , Abdulkareem M. Jewad
Published: April 2023

Obesity and being overweight are rising and becoming a global issue. Obesity has a negative impact on all body systems, including the endocrine system. The present study aimed to determine whether there is an association between BMI and pituitary gland hormones in infertile women's serum in Basra City, Iraq. The study was conducted at Ibn-Gzouan Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology in Basra City, southern Iraq, between October 2021 and March 2022. Thestudy included 60 infertile women (30 with hypothyroidism and 30 without hypothyroidism) aged between 18 and 45 years,with a pathological period of infertility from 2 to 15 years. The studied infertile women were divided into two groups according to the measured BMI. The first group had a BMI of less than 25 (24 women) and the second had a BMI of greater than 25 (36 women).The results showed that there are significant elevations in LH level and cortisol levels as well as in LH/FSH ratio. Cortisol showed a positive correlation with BMI (r = 0.374, p = 0.025), FSH showed a positive correlation with LH level (r = 0.428, p = 0.009) in the same direction LH showed a positive correlation win LH/FSH ratio (r = 0.668, p = 0.000). In infertile women with a BMI greater than 25, FSH showed a negative correlation with the LH/FSH ratio (r = -0.342, p = 0.041). From the above results, we can conclude that BMI is an essential parameter in any treatment of women
Evaluation of leptin hormone and Tumor necrosis factor levels in patients with type two diabetes mellites
Authors: Qaiser I. Mahdi  , Mahdi M. Thuwaini  , Hamid J. Abbas
Published: April 2023

: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Leptin, an adipokine with the primary function of regulating energy balance, is found to mediate insulin secretion and sensitivity in peripheral tissues. Aims: Hence, we aimed to determine the role of leptin in the development of insulin resistance (IR) in newly diagnosed T2DM patients and determine tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α). Materials and methods: A case control study a total of 80 patients and 50 control groups, used Cobas E311 device to measure glucose, whereas HbA1c used D-10 hemoglobin Hba1c device whereas other parameters used ELISA methods were used to analyses 130 samples Results: Highly significant increase level of  Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, Insulin, Leptin and HOMA- insulin resistance whereas   significant decrease level of TNF alpha and , Plasminogen activator inhibitors -1 in patient type two diabetes mellitus compared to the control group. Conclusion: increased the level of leptin levels while TNF-α levels were decreased in type 2 diabetes patients.
Relation of IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8 with stable angina pectoris
Authors: Hamza A. Khalid  , Mahdi M. Thuwaini  , Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Published: April 2023

The inflammatory mediators released by injured endothelium enhance the interaction of circulating leukocytes with endothelial cells and contribute to development and progression of atherosclerosis. In this  study we designed to determine some interleukins (IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6 and  IL-8)   as diagnostic markers instable angina pectoris.
Methods: The study was carried out on 30 patients who were diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (18 males and 12 females).They visited Nasiriya Heart Center throughout the period from the beginning of November 2021 to the end of April 2022,  and 20 age matched healthy person  (13 males and 7 females).  IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Troponin I (cTnl) was determined by using monoclonal cTnI-specific antibody. D- dimer by electro-chemiluminescence method. CK-MB by monoclonal CK-MB-specific antibody. Myoglobin by monoclonal MYO-specific antibody.
Results: Male and female patients with stable angina showed significantly elevated serum levels of troponin (P<0.001), D-dimer (P<0.001) and (P<0.01) respectively, CK-MB (P<0.01),  myoglobin (P<0.01), IL-1β (P<0.01 and <0.05 respectively) and IL-6  (P<0.05), with non-significant changes in the levels of IL-5 and IL-8 in comparison with healthy male and female  individuals respectively.
Conclusion: In addition to troponin,  D-dimer, CK-MB and myoglobin; the proinflammatory mediators such as  IL-1β, and  IL-6 are helpful diagnostic markers instable angina pectoris.
Knowledge of Mothers about Children Nutrition under Five Years in Babylon City, Iraq
Authors: Mazin faeq Abdulzahra  , Jabbar Taresh Ahmed  , Qais Ismaeel Kadhem
Published: April 2023

The study aims to identify mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in Babylon city. Materials and methods:  This study is a cross-sectional study on mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in primary health care centers in urban and rural of Al- Hilla city. The study period runs from November 1st, 2021, to March 1st, 2022. The data was collected by questionnaire through questions and an interview with mothers after obtaining their approval. Results: shows the total knowledge score of mothers, most of them (54.3%) scored moderate knowledge, followed by (43.9%) scored good knowledge. Conclusion: the study reveals that it did not find a statistically important association between demographic characteristics and total knowledge score, except for age groups, house type, and educational level of mother and father. Aims of the study: To identify mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in Al-Hilla city, To find an association between total knowledge score and demographic     characteristics.
Keywords
Descriptive statistical study of the most important possible causes of obstetric and postpartum hemorrhage in Thi-Qar province
Authors: Munther Kamil Oudha  , Wisam R. N. Al-Muhsen
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to describe and analyze the most important causes that lead to postpartum hemorrhage. This research was carried out at The Bent al-Huda Hospital for Maternity and Children's Hospital in Nasiriyah, where the study included (63) cases of women with postpartum hemorrhage from the reviews of the hospital for the period from February 2020 to December 2020 as shown in the hospital records, and collected information for the study through a simple questionnaire, including information: age of women, place of residence, place of birth, type of birth and causes of hemorrhage. Age groups between (40-44) accounted for (22?),  (35-39), which are the highest age groups at risk of postpartum hemorrhage. The most frequent deliveries take place in the hospital, because natural or cesarean deliveries increase in this percentage.   The results of the current study also show that there is no difference between natural childbirth and caesarean section  with the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage , that the condition of non-constriction of the uterus (inertia of uterus) constitutes (30%) and is considered the highest percentage among the causes of hemorrhage after birth, and then the causes such as the remnants of part of the placenta and the frequency of caesarean section by (16%), the use of accelerated medicines for childbirth and by percentage (14%) while the other causes came in low rates of cases postpartum hemorrhage.
Effect of different COVID-19 vaccines on some biomarkers in diabetics
Authors: Munther Kamil Oudha  , Ahmad Shandookh Hameed  , Lina Abdullah Naser
Published: April 2023

After the emergency approval of different COVID-19 vaccines the administration of millions of doses, many concerns arise for adverse effects, especially in vulnerable groups such as diabetics. In this study, we investigate what effects different COVID vaccines could have on several biomarkers in diabetic patients and whether that raises a concern for this group or not. Materials and methods:  this study includes  two groups of diabetics each group consists of 20 participants  ; One of the groups under study, where they received the COVID-19 vaccine either AstraZeneca or  Pifizr-BioNTech vaccine and the other groups were controlled or the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, the other group-the control group- did not take any vaccine. Blood samples were taken from both groups about a week after the first  dose and statistical studies were conducted on the results. Results: Noticed an increase in all biomarkers. Increase in RBS could simply be due to immune response, same thing could be said for the CRP increase. Ferritin increase was not important; it was only apparent in three patients and that could be due to active infection. The increase in D-dimer levels was apparent in all patients and that raises the biggest concern. Conclusion: the biggest issue was seen in the rising of D-dimer levels because it raises concern about clotting disorders and heart disease which is already a concern for diabetic patients. Further investigation should be done and careful monitoring for clotting risks is necessary after the vaccine.
Education in the city through laughter and tears: sophistic speeches in Euripides' “Medea” and Aristophanes' “Clouds”
Authors:   HSE University, Pichugina Victoria
Published: April 2023

During the time of Euripides and Aristophanes, innovative pedagogical ideas were discussed in an equally innovative man-ner. The intellectuals of that era played a significant role in cre-ating an ironic pedagogical triangle consisting of Euripides, Aris-tophanes, Socrates, and the sophists in classical Athens. Employ-ing tragedy and comedy in varying degrees, Euripides and Aris-tophanes drew attention to the contrast between traditional and sophistic education, portraying it as a complex problem that could not be easily resolved by an average person. A comparative historical and pedagogical analysis of Euripides' tragedy “Me-dea” and Aristophanes' comedy “Clouds” revealed another direc-tion for studying the possibilities of mutual penetration of gen-res. Through the depiction of families with children who were divided into speakers and listeners in the spatial coordinates of the city and home, Euripides and Aristophanes participated in the ongoing debate regarding Socrates and the sophists. Euripides and Aristophanes include in their works agons between the advo-cates of just (non-sophistic) and unjust (sophistic) speeches, which touch upon educational issues. The main characters lose in these agons and realize that their problems cannot be solved even when they use sophistic techniques. This comprehension compels them to transition from words to actions, resorting to criminal acts to demonstrate the perilous consequences of sophistic educa-tion to the polis. A simultaneous historical and pedagogical anal-ysis of Euripides' tragedy “Medea” and Aristophanes' comedy “Clouds” is accompanied by references to other works of Euripi-des and Aristophanes, as well as by Plato and Xenophon, which contain explicit or implicit references to the teaching methods of Socrates and / or the sophists.