bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Do Engineering Students Think About the Effects of Robotization of Working Conditions?
Authors: Kanczné Nagy Katalin , Tóth Péter
Published: February 2025

Research on the social and labour market impacts of robots increasingly emphasises the role of education in preparing future employees. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire-based survey conducted among engineering students. The survey was conducted using a measurement tool that was on the one hand partly developed in-house and on the other hand partly adapted from the General Attitudes Towards Robots Scale (GAToRS). The students (N = 320) expressed their views on the one hand how are their beliefs influenced by the experiences of robotisation they obtained in their studies or work? On the other hand what are their expectations regarding robotisation in the near future? The results indicate that they consider climate change, the scarcity of natural resources and the availability of fast and safe transport routes to be the factors that will have the greatest impact on human working conditions. The students see the role of expertise in Hungary changing in five years' time, with low-level skills being replaced by the need for specific competences. They believe that robots will create new working conditions and a new working culture that will replace physically demanding, dangerous and boring work. The survey also revealed that female students have stronger reservations and fears about robotisation than their male counterparts.
La riqueza como categoría inherente de la eudaimonía en el pensamiento económico-filosófico de Aristóteles
Authors: Hernández Ángeles Ignacio
Published: February 2025

Recientemente la riqueza económica ha sido importante para el análisis de desarrollo económico y humano, sinembargo, algunos planteamientos teóricos fueron desarrollados por Aristóteles en un complejo pensamientoeconómico-filosófico. Este artículo es de carácter teórico y tiene como propósito exponer el significado de lariqueza en la oikonomiké y en la vida del ser humano planteado en la Política, Ética Nicomáquea y ÉticaEudemia. Este trabajo se divide en dos partes; la primera presenta brevemente el planteamiento de laeudaimonía, y la segunda expone el significado de la riqueza en ésta. Se concluye que algunos de estosplanteamientos teóricos pueden ser significativos para la definición actual del marco teórico y metodológico endesarrollo humano.
Визначення параметрів вібрації бурової установки із використанням методу відстеження порядку обертових машин
Authors: Моркун В.С. , Моркун Н.В. , Поркуян О.В. , Грищенко С.М. , Бобров Є. Ю. , Грищенко Я.О.
Published: February 2025

Метою дослідження є визначення параметрів вібрації бурової установки в процесі буріння свердловин за допомогою методу відстеження порядку обертових машин. У роботі використані методи аналізу вітчизняного та зарубіжного досвіду, методи математичного моделювання, а також методи математичної статистики і теорії ймовірності для формування оцінки результатів дослідження. Наукова новизна полягає в обґрунтуванні застосування методу відстеження обчисленого порядку обертових машин для визначення частоти на якій доцільно вимірювати статистичні параметри супутнього вібраційного сигналу. Практичне значення полягає у визначенні процедури вимірювання параметрів вібраційного сигналу бурової установки для оцінки фізико-механічних властивостей гірської породи безпосередньо в процесі буріння свердловин. Для виділення корисної складової вібраційного сигналу на буровому долоті з різноманітних завад (вібрації інших частин бурової установки, зовнішні процеси у гірському масиві і т. і.) використаний метод відстеження обчисленого порядку (СОТ) обертових машин з додатковою передискретизацією для підвищення його роздільної здатності. Запропонований підхід полягає в тому, що в процесі зміни робочого режиму приводу обертових частин бурової установки фор- мують карту порядку в усьому діапазоні його обертів, визначають частоту високоамплітудної вібрації долота, яка відповідає визначеному піковому порядку обертів, і на цій частоті вимірюють статистичні параметри змін амплітуди виміряного сигналу. Відповідно до застосованого методу сформовано карту частоти обертів для даних вібрації в процесі зміни робочого режиму бурової установки (підвищення впродовж 40 секунд частоти обертів приводу з 500 до 2150 обертів за хвилину Аналіз виконаних експериментальних досліджень та моделювання процесу взаємодії долота з залізо- вмісною гірською породою дозволяє зробити висно- вок про те, що отримані із застосуванням зазначеного методу статистичні показники супутнього вібраційного сигналу дійсно адекватно характеризують процес буріння свердловин.
Hubungan Minat Belajar Pendidikan Jasmani Terhadap Hasil Belajar Sepakbola Pada Siswa Sma Negeri 9 Makassar
Authors: Muh Mawardi  , Agus Kurniadi  , Muhammad Farhan
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis minat belajar Pendidikan Jasmani terhadap hasil belajar sepakbola pada siswa SMA Negeri 9 Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 30 siswa yang dipilih secara acak. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur minat belajar adalah kuesioner, sementara hasil belajar sepakbola diukur melalui tes keterampilan sepakbola. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik korelasi Pearson untuk mengetahui hubungan antara minat belajar dengan hasil belajar sepakbola. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara minat belajar Pendidikan Jasmani dengan hasil belajar sepakbola pada siswa SMA Negeri 9 Makassar. Semakin tinggi minat belajar siswa terhadap Pendidikan Jasmani, semakin baik hasil belajar mereka dalam keterampilan sepakbola. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar bagi pengembangan strategi pengajaran yang lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar olahraga, khususnya sepakbola, di sekolah.
Novel Intuitionistic Fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis for Effective Infectious Medical Waste Management
Authors: Khajuria Rocky , Komal . , Yazdani Morteza
Published: February 2025

With an increasing population, the number of healthcare issues is also increasing due to various critical diseases. To treat these diseases, different types of medical facilities are required, which finally produce a large quantity of medical waste. Such medical waste may be harmful or even dangerous to people as well as the environment if inadequately treated. To prevent the spread of such diseases in a healthy civil society, an effective medical waste management system is required to be developed. Generally, to develop an effective medical waste management system, identification of the most critical incidents is needed, which requires a large quantity of data that may not be available. In this case, the problem is associated with ambiguity and uncertainty due to a variety of practical and financial reasons. So, the main objective of the paper is to analyze any infectious medical waste management system under uncertainty and identification of the critical incidents of its failure. The proposed study is actually based on this motivation. The paper proposes an intuitionistic fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) method that quantifies data uncertainty through trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrIFN) while novel arithmetic operations are applied for computing the top incident failure possibility. To develop these novel operations, the weakest t-norm is applied to detract the accumulating circumstances of fuzziness, while Algebraic t-norm and t-conorm are used to estimate membership and non-membership degrees, respectively, of top event failure possibility in terms of trapezoidal intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (TrIFN). A Hamming distance-based ranking method has been developed and then applied for the identification of critical incidents. These are the primary contributions of the proposed study in the paper. The proposed intuitionistic fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) method has been applied to investigate the failure phenomenon of an infectious medical waste management system under uncertainty. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by comparing the results with four existing fault tree methods. The findings may be helpful to develop an efficient medical waste management system.
A Collaborative Privacy Preserved Federated Learning Framework for Pneumonia Detection using Diverse Chest X-ray Data Silos
Authors: Sharma Shagun , Guleria Kalpna
Published: February 2025

Pneumonia detection from chest X-rays remains one of the most challenging tasks in the traditional centralized framework due to the requirement of data consolidation at the central location raising data privacy and security concerns. The amalgamation of healthcare data at the centralized storage leads to regulatory concerns passed by the governments of various countries. To address these challenges, a decentralized, federated learning framework has been proposed for early pneumonia detection in chest X-ray images with a 5-client architecture. This model enhances data privacy while performing collaborative learning with diverse data silos and resulting in improved predictions. The proposed federated learning framework has been trained with a pre-trained EfficientNetB3 model in the Independent and Identically Distributed (IID) and non-IID data distributions, while the model updation has been performed using federated proximal aggregation. The configuration of the proximal term has been kept as 0.05, achieving an accuracy of 99.32% on IID data and 96.14% on non-IID data. In addition, the proximal term has also been configured to 0.5, resulting the accuracy levels of 92.05% and 96.98% in IID data and non-IID data distributions, respectively. The results of the proposed model demonstrate the effectiveness of the federated learning model in pneumonia detection, highlighting its potential for real-world applications in decentralized healthcare configurations.
A Combined Model for Simulating the Spatial Dynamics of Epidemic Spread: Integrating Stochastic Compartmentalization and Cellular Automata Approach
Authors: Bashabsheh Murad
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on a combined simulation model for analyzing the spatial distribution of epidemics by combining the global mixing assumption of individuals with two-dimensional probabilistic cellular automata (CA). The model presented in this paper is designed to simulate the spatial distribution of diseases in a spatially structured population. It incorporates a stochastic compartment model that uses the mixing regime, a two-dimensional probabilistic CA for constructing a decision support system for controlling epidemics. The model positions elementary populations in a regular two-dimensional lattice, whereas the compartment model applies to sets of persons who have the same epidemic regime in the community. Previous epidemic models involved dynamic compartment models with global mixing and are incorporated into most decision support systems but are more limited in their representation of the geographic spread of diseases. Alternatively, CA as individual dynamic systems can capture the spatial and temporal pattern of the epidemics through local near-neighbor interactions. They consist of rather separate cells in one or multi-dimensional space, where each cell has a constant number of neighbors. Since CA can predict the geographic distribution of some epidemics through proper mathematical models, they have the potential of improving epidemic prediction and preventive measures in public health management. The results of the study show the improvement of the quality of epidemic response management through numerical modeling and epidemic spread studies using the ensemble simulation model based on random partition models and numerical analysis.
Developing an Intelligent System for Efficient Botnet Detection in IoT Environment
Authors: Rawat Ramesh Singh , Diwakar Manoj , Garg Umang , Srivastava Prakash
Published: February 2025

Smart technological instruments and Internet of Things (IoT) systems are now targeted by network attacks because of their widespread rising use. Attackers can take over IoT devices via botnets, and pre-configured attack vectors, and use them to do harmful actions. Thus, effective machine learning is required to solve these security issues. Additionally, deep learning with the necessary elements is advised to defend the network from these threats. In order to achieve proper detection of hacks in the future, relevant datasets must be used. The device's operation could occasionally be delayed. The sample dataset must be well structured for training the model and validating the suggested model to create the best protection system model feasible for detecting cyber risks. This paper focused on analyzing botnet traffic in an IoT environment using machine learning and deep learning classifiers: Decision tree classifier, Naïve Bayes, K nearest neighbor, Convolution neural network, Recurrent neural network, and Random Forest. We calculated each algorithm's Accuracy, True Positive, False Positive, False Negative, True Negative, Precision, and Recall. We obtained impressive results using these CNN, and LSTM RNN classifiers. We have also achieved a high attack detection rate.
Design of Archimedes Screw Turbine by Multi-step Selections on Parameter Pitch Distance, Blade Number, and Blade Angle
Authors: Sarjito . , Anggono Agus Dwi , Wijianto . , Wirawan Fauzan Anas , Kurniawan Sidik , Nugroho Bagus Dwi
Published: February 2025

One of the water turbines called an Archimedes screw turbine (ASTs) is appropriate to run in a low head of just less than 5 m and works at a wide range of discharge operations. The performance of the turbine is influenced by some aspect that requires optimization. The research aims to characterize turbine performance by selecting the pitch distance of the blade, the number of blades, and the angle of the blade. Initiated by developing Archimedes screw turbine of 500 mm length and blade diameter of 100 mm, using screw blades at different distances of 50, 70, 100, 200, and 300 mm. Then continue to select blade numbers of 1, 2, and 3 respectively, while kept constant optimum distance of blade. Once the optimum number of blades and blade distance were achieved, followed by selecting blade angles of 23o, 28o, and 33o, the optimum blade distance and number were kept constant. Acquisition data developed covers turbine speed (rpm), voltage (V), current (A), and power (W) measurements. The result of the research was optimum blade achieved at blade distance of 100 mm, blade number of 1 and optimal blade angle of 28o, its produce debit of 0.0034 m3/sec at turbine speed of 410.77 rpm, voltage generator of 79.82V with current of 0.0067A, and power of 0.55 Watt in efficiency of 33%, coefficient of performance (Cp) of 0.33, as well as tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2.56.
Feeding System’s Sensitivity and Reliability Analysis through Markov Decision Process
Authors: Jadhav Sujata , Kumar Amit
Published: February 2025

The present study investigates a Feeding system, which is responsible for continuous coal supply to the boiler of coal fired power plants. As a result of complex working condition in the power plant, feeding system is prone to system failure. Therefore, analyzing the various reliability indices, their significance and importance of different components is pivotal. The feeding system comprises of different components, such as a primary feeder, secondary feeder, stacker reclaimer, and a set of primary and secondary conveyors. A continuous coal supply is needed for the smooth functioning of power plant boilers, and an appropriate maintenance strategy is essential. In the present study Markov process is utilized to develop a mathematical model of the Feeding system, which is used to evaluate the system’s reliability parameters. Numerical results for various system parameters are obtained and illustrated with graphs. In addition, sensitivity analysis is also conducted to comprehend the impact of different failures on the system's overall performance. Also, the expected profit of the system is assessed. This research is imperative for improving operational efficiency in power plants and intensify economic benefits.
Agroecology and the limits to resilience: extending the adaptation capacity of agroecosystems to drought
Authors: Altieri Miguel A. , Nicholls Clara I. , Montalba Rene , Vieli Lorena , Vazquez Luis L.
Published: February 2025

Given the unpredictability, increasing frequency and severity of climatic events, it is crucial to determine the adaptation limits of agroecological strategies adopted by farmers in a range of environments. In times of drought many smallholders’ farmers cope with stress using a series of crop diversification and soil management strategies. Intercropping and agroforestry systems complemented with mulching and copious organic matter applications can increase water storage, enhancing crops’ water use efficiency. Although an overwhelming number of studies demonstrate that these agroecological designs and practices are associated with greater farm-level resilience, it is important to recognize the limits of resilience. The aim of this paper is to assess the limitations of agroecological practices in enhancing the ability of agroecosystems to adapt to climate change under extended drought stress which may overwhelm crops’ adaptation response. A set of agroecological practices that can extend such limits under prolonged water stress scenarios are described. Two methodologies to assess farms’ resilience to drought provide useful tools, as they can assist farmers and researchers in identifying the practices and underlying mechanisms that reduce vulnerability and enhance response capacity allowing certain farm systems to better resist and/or recover from droughts. Clearly, reducing farmers exposure to drought requires collective actions beyond the farm scale (i.e. restoring local watersheds to optimize local hydrological cycles) aspects not explored herein. When climatic events are compounded by uncertainties imposed by external economic and political conditions, farmers’ abilities to overcome adversity may be reduced, emphasizing the importance of policy support, a dimension beyond the scope of this review.
Corn tolerance to florpyrauxifen-benzyl rates and its mixture with atrazine and mesotrione
Authors: Godar Amar S. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Barber L. Tom
Published: February 2025

Florpyrauxifen-benzyl is a new synthetic auxin herbicide labeled in rice with a broad spectrum of control, typically more potent on broadleaf weeds. It has garnered some interest as a potential broadleaf weed control option for use in corn at low rates. Field experiments were conducted in Fayetteville, Arkansas, from 2019 through 2021 to examine the response of corn to postemergence applications of florpyrauxifen-benzyl at three rates (7.5, 15, and 30 g ae ha-1), as well as mixtures of the herbicide with atrazine (at half or full rate), mesotrione, or a combination of atrazine (at half rate) and mesotrione. Injury and yield response varied among years, possibly attributed to temperature and solar radiation variations following treatment application. Three weeks after application (WAA), stand-alone florpyrauxifen-benzyl or mixtures caused incrementally greater injury with increasing rates (5% to 76% injury). The levels of early injury were largely sustained at 7 WAA, with a few instances of recovery, particularly with a mixture of florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 7.5 g ae ha-1 with the full rate of atrazine. Corn yield loss generally surpassed the respective injury levels. The yield loss was overall the least in 2020 (8 to 46%) and most severe in 2021 (26 to 93%), largely depending on florpyrauxifen-benzyl rates. Averaged across years, the full rate of atrazine mixed with florpyrauxifen-benzyl at 7.5 g ae ha-1 caused less yield loss (12%) compared to the stand-alone application (28% yield loss). These results suggest that using florpyrauxifen-benzyl in corn, even at low rates and/or in a mixture with atrazine/mesotrione, can cause immediate and sustained injury, often leading to greater than 10% yield reduction. Further research could explore in-crop, in-chemistry, or in-application technology opportunities for mitigating this inadequate safety to render this novel tool a viable option for use in corn.
Effects of stair riser height on ankle proprioception in individuals with and without chronic ankle stability
Authors: Wang Xueying , Wang Zheng , Adams Roger , Gao Yang , Lyu Jie , Han Jia
Published: February 2025

Background

Ankle sprains during stair descent are prevalent, especially in those with chronic ankle instability (CAI), which may be attributed to diminished ankle proprioception associated with CAI.

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether individuals with CAI have lower ankle proprioceptive performance during stair descent and to determine to what extent stair riser height may affect ankle proprioception.

Methods

40 university students, including 21 CAI (9 males and 12 males, mean age 22.38 years, mean height 169.97 cm and mean weight 64.88 kg) and 19 healthy controls (11 males and 8 males, mean age 23.05 years, mean height 169.42 cm and mean weight 65.18 kg) volunteered. The Ankle Inversion Discrimination Apparatus for Stair Descent (AIDASD) was used to measure ankle inversion proprioception across 3 different riser heights: 15 cm, 17.5 cm, and 20 cm during stair descent.

Results

ANOVA showed that individuals with CAI performed significantly worse than health group across all tested riser heights (F = 44.066, p < 0.001), with a significant main effect of riser height (F = 13.288, p < 0.001). Significant differences in proprioceptive acuity were found between 15 cm and higher risers (p < 0.001), but not between 17.5 cm and 20 cm (p = 0.675), alongside a significant linear downward trend with increasing riser height (F = 15.476, p < 0.001). No significant interaction was observed between the group and riser height (F = 0.745, p = 0.478).

Conclusion

The presence of ankle instability and increased riser height significantly negatively affected ankle inversion proprioceptive performance during stair descent, which may increase the risk of ankle sprain.

Application

Potential applications of this research include the assessment of ankle proprioception during stair descent attributable to effective ankle instability rehabilitation and riser height selection for safe stair design.
Navigating the political minefield: strategies for online participation in a polarized society
Authors: Ziv Limor , Yavetz Gal
Published: February 2025

In this study, we explored political participation among young adults in Israel, with a particular focus on the impact of polarization on their engagement in online discourse. To this end, by extracting a total of 23,223 Facebook activities (e.g., likes, comments) from 50 participants, we analyzed 2,323 partisan-political and 1,434 socio-political patterns in political and social identity expressions. In contrast to previous research that predominantly relied only on self-report or observed activities, we used direct activity logs, combined with in-depth interviews, thereby obtaining a more detailed insight into user behavior. The results revealed that Facebook usage frequently reflects a hidden “political self,” characterized by non-committal interactions (e.g., frequent likes). The study participants were more at ease within the socio-political domain than in partisan-political discussions. We also found that young adults use social media to cautiously navigate their political and social identities in polarized settings. Based on the results, we propose a novel framework for the analysis of social media engagement that could be useful for policymakers, politicians, and social organizations in crafting strategies to target young adults. The study concludes with the discussion of the necessity to confront polarization by promoting a balanced approach to digital discourse among young adults.
Regenerative therapies for myocardial infarction: exploring the critical role of energy metabolism in achieving cardiac repair
Authors: Ren Jiahao , Chen Xinzhe , Wang Tao , Liu Cuiyun , Wang Kun
Published: February 2025

Cardiovascular diseases are the most lethal diseases worldwide, of which myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death. After myocardial infarction, in order to ensure normal blood supply to the heart, the remaining cardiomyocytes compensate for the loss of cardiomyocytes mainly by working at high capacity rather than by proliferating to produce new cardiomyocytes. This is partly due to the extremely limited ability of the adult heart to repair itself. A growing body of research suggests that the loss of cardiac regenerative capacity is closely related to metabolic shifts in energy sources. Currently, a large number of studies have focused on changes in metabolic levels before and after the proliferation window of cardiomyocytes, so it is crucial to search for relevant factors in metabolic pathways to regulate the cell cycle in cardiomyocyte progression. This paper presents a review of the role of myocardial energy metabolism in regenerative repair after cardiac injury. It aims to elucidate the effects of myocardial metabolic shifts on cardiomyocyte proliferation in adult mammals and to point out directions for cardiac regeneration research and clinical treatment of myocardial infarction.
Exploring the applications of artificial intelligence in mechanical engineering education
Authors: Alghazo Mohannad , Ahmed Vian , Bahroun Zied
Published: February 2025

In an era marked by technological sophistication, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into various fields, including Mechanical Engineering Education (MEE). This review paper presents a systematic examination of scientific publications in this field, spanning from 2018 to 2023. Utilizing the PRISMA framework, 228 research papers were selected and analyzed to identify research gaps and future directions in AI’s application within the MEE discipline. The diverse applications of AI in MEE identified include personalized learning, smart tutoring systems, digitizing engineering drawings, enhancing simulation and assessment, and boosting student motivation and engagement. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis of AI in MEE was conducted, examining its role in different aspects of MEE, interdisciplinary collaboration, geographic distribution, and research focus. Accordingly, the scope of this review encompasses a comprehensive content analysis and bibliometric evaluation of AI applications in MEE. This review systematically identifies current applications of AI, maps research trends, and analyzes publication data to highlight interdisciplinary collaborations and geographical distributions. Furthermore, this study identifies critical research gaps and offers actionable recommendations, emphasizing future directions such as advancing Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) applications in MEE and reshaping curricula to integrate AI-based learning tools. The findings provide valuable insights to support stakeholders in evolving MEE to meet industry needs and enhance educational outcomes.
Inclusive early childhood education: exploring co-creation and the process of empowerment within participatory research and practice
Authors: Carr-Fanning Kate , Rihtman Tanya
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Inclusive education and participatory research (PR) are both premised upon engaging with local unique needs, social justice, and empowerment. PR is limited through the lack of empirical exploration into the research approach itself, particularly its use in inclusive education. This paper explores findings from the co-construction process within a PR research project, which co-constructed a programme of inclusion for children with ADHD-type behaviours in kindergartens in countries in eastern/central Europe with local stakeholders.

Methods

This paper will draw on findings from methods used at particular phases of the project, including two researcher constructed questionnaires: a pre-post teacher training questionnaire and an open-ended qualitative survey of participants on the process of empowerment within co-creation. The qualitative data was subject to Thematic Analysis and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests was used to analyse the results from the pre-post teacher training questionnaire.

Results

Findings support the use of participatory practices within inclusive education, especially teacher training, and the need for culturally and contextually relevant responses to including children with ADHD-type behaviours in early childhood education. Findings also emphasise particular experiences within and external to, but as a result of, the co-creation process, which were empowering, including collaborative dialogue, positioning within ones community, and finally the role of insider experts, and the emotional experience of being identified as an expert. Partners need to embrace this expert role, but they may be uncomfortable with or reject it.
The link between hyperuricemia and diabetes: insights from a quantitative analysis of scientific literature
Authors: Ma Lili , Wang Jing , Ma Li , Wang Xian Min
Published: February 2025

Background

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a significant public health issue, ranking second only to diabetes in prevalence. While existing research demonstrates a robust correlation between these two conditions, the precise etiological mechanisms remain inadequately elucidated. This study utilized scientometric analysis to investigate the global association between HUA and diabetes.

Methods

Data on HUA and diabetes were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, encompassing the period from its inception until September 30, 2024. Collaboration networks were examined using VOSviewer, cluster analysis was executed with CiteSpace, and systematic mapping was conducted using Bibliometrix.

Results

By September 30, 2024, 1,464 studies indicated a consistent yearly increase in publications connecting HUA and diabetes despite some fluctuations. The lead authors were Richard J. Johnson, Miguel A. Lanaspa, and Masanari Kuwabara, with most contributors from China, the United States, and Japan. Key institutions include China Medical University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Capital Medical University. The most published journal was Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), whereas the most cited journal was Diabetes Care. The reference network from 1987 to September 30, 2024, identified 19 clusters highlighting key research areas in HUA and diabetes, such as metabolic syndrome, uropathology, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and CVD. Exploring pathological mechanisms and pharmacological interventions linked to diabetes concomitant with HUA has emerged as a focal point of research and a burgeoning trend within the field.

Conclusion

This study is the first scientometric analysis to synthesize research trends on HUA and diabetes, revealing molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies and providing theoretical insights for future clinical use.
Correlation between uric acid levels and bone mineral density in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Hang , Qi Cuijuan , Zhang Yunjia , Ren Luping , Chen Shuchun
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To explore the controversial relationship between uric acid (UA) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Patients and methods

The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using keywords and related words. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Studies retrieved in the literature search were systematically screened to extract information and data based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan version 5.3 and Stata Release 13.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results are expressed as mean difference (MD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 and Q tests.

Results

This meta-analysis included 10 studies comprising 5,717 patients with T2DM. Study quality ranged from moderate to high. Results of comparative analyses were as follows: normal BMD versus (vs.) osteoporosis (OP) in females, MD −13.83 μmol/L (95% CI −41.69 to 14.03); I2 = 7%; P=0.30); normal BMD vs. osteopenia in females, MD −12.41 μmol/L (95% CI −37.81 to 12.99; I2 = 0%; P=0.92); normal BMD vs. abnormal BMD (osteopenia/OP), MD −23.82 μmol/L (95% CI −33.50 to −14.13; I2 = 0%; P=0.44); and osteopenia vs. OP, MD −22.35 μmol/L (95% CI −29.55 to −15.15; I2 = 5%; P=0.39). No publication bias was observed.

Conclusion

Compared with normal BMD, abnormal BMD (osteopenia/OP) was associated with lower UA levels. Compared with osteopenia, OP also showed lower UA.

Systematic review registration:
Clinical features of pneumatosis intestinalis induced by alpha- glucosidase inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Wu Guanlin , He Weiheng , Rao Huimin , Lu Lin , He Xinran , Hou Xuewen
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare but significant side effect associated with the use of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (αGI) in the treatment of diabetes. This study aims to analyze the clinical features of PI induced by αGIs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with PI between January 2018 and December 2023. Data collected included demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory findings, imaging results, endoscopic manifestations, treatments, and outcomes. Clinical characteristics were compared between patients who used acarbose and those who did not.

Results

A total of 48 patients with PI were included in the study, of whom 22 had used acarbose and 26 had not. The acarbose taken group was significantly older than the acarbose untaken group. Additionally, the prevalence of coronary heart disease and hypertension was markedly higher in patients taking acarbose. Importantly, total bilirubin levels were lower in those with PI who were on acarbose therapy.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the need for increased vigilance regarding the potential development of PI in older diabetic patients with cardiovascular conditions following αGI administration. Timely intervention is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes. This study offers valuable insights for the future management of αGI in diabetes treatment.
Serum adropin levels as a potential biomarker for predicting diabetic kidney disease progression
Authors: Chen I-Wen , Lin Cheng-Wei , Lin Chia-Ni , Chen Szu-Tah
Published: February 2025

Background

To investigate the value of serum adropin in predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials and methods

Serum adropin levels were measured in normal control and T2D patients with various stage of CKD. CKD progression was defined as ≥ 30% decline from the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate. Logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the association between adropin levels and CKD progression.

Results

The study included 58 subjects with T2D (18 early CKD and 40 advanced CKD) and 9 subjects without diabetes (control). Subjects with T2D had significantly higher adropin levels than controls (6393.10 ± 1611.84 vs. 3470.30 ± 1284.41 pg/ml; P < 0.001). Meanwhile, T2D patients with advanced CKD had higher adropin levels than those with early CKD (6848.89 ± 1287.04 vs. 5380.25 ± 1826.44 pg/ml; P = 0.003). Among T2D patients, subjects experienced CKD progression had higher adropin levels than those without (7520.15 ± 843.21 vs. 6151.16 ± 1661.61 pg/mL, P =0.003). Thus, adropin predicts CKD progression in T2D patients with 86% sensitivity and 70% specificity at 6872.24 pg/ml cutoff value. The association with CKD progression was still significant after adjusting for age, gender and body mass index (adjusted odds ratio = 27.188, 95% confidence interval 1.415-522.527, P =0.029).

Conclusions

The above findings suggest that serum adropin could be applied as a potential biomarker for predicting CKD progression in subjects with T2D. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Coastal aquaculture ponds represent a notable source of the blooming jellyfish Aurelia coerulea
Authors: Wang Lei , Sun Tingting , Jiang Huichao , Zhang Wenjing , He Jianlong , Ma Yuanqing , Zhao Jianmin , Dong Zhijun
Published: February 2025

The frequent occurrence of Aurelia coerulea medusae in coastal waters poses a serious threat to power plants and fisheries, emphasizing the importance of early jellyfish bloom detection. Owing to the complex life cycle of jellyfish and the limitations of traditional survey methods, identifying the natural habitat of early stage jellyfish, especially polyps and ephyrae, is challenging. In this study, we aimed to identify the early habitats A. coerulea using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technology to predict the sources of blooms. We successfully detected A. coerulea in a temperate bay (Laizhou Bay, LZB) and nearby aquaculture ponds (Dongying, DY) in March, when medusae were absent, revealing the habitats and distributions of the early stages of bloom-causing jellyfish. The relative abundance of blooming A. coerulea in the DY aquaculture ponds was significantly higher than that in the LZB. Our results suggest that coastal aquaculture ponds, as natural habitats for A. coerulea polyps and ephyrae, are an important source of A. coerulea medusa aggregates in the surrounding coastal waters. These findings suggest that jellyfish management strategies can be focused on aquaculture ponds, allowing for the source-based prevention and control of blooms before they cause damage.
Sequencing whole genomes of the West Javanese population in Indonesia reveals novel variants and improves imputation accuracy
Authors: Ardiansyah Edwin , Riza Anca-Lelia , Dian Sofiati , Ganiem Ahmad Rizal , Alisjahbana Bachti , Setiabudiawan Todia P. , van Laarhoven Arjan , van Crevel Reinout , Kumar Vinod
Published: February 2025

Existing genotype imputation reference panels are mainly derived from European populations, limiting their accuracy in non-European populations. To improve imputation accuracy for Indonesians, the world’s fourth most populous country, we combined Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data from 227 West Javanese individuals with East Asian data from the 1,000 Genomes Project. This created three reference panels: EAS 1KGP3 (EASp), Indonesian (INDp), and a combined panel (EASp + INDp). We also used ten West-Javanese samples with WGS and SNP-typing data for benchmarking. We identified 1.8 million novel single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the West Javanese population, which, while similar to the East Asians, are distinct from the Central Indonesian Flores population. Adding INDp to the EASp reference panel improved imputation accuracy (R2) from 0.85 to 0.90, and concordance from 87.88% to 91.13%. These findings underscore the importance of including West-Javanese genetic data in reference panels, advocating for broader WGS of diverse Indonesian populations to enhance genomic studies.
Embryonic heat conditioning induces paternal heredity of immunological cross- tolerance: coordinative role of CpG DNA methylation and miR-200a regulation
Authors: Ravi Padma Malini , Kisliouk Tatiana , Druyan Shelly , Haron Amit , Cline Mark A. , Gilbert Elizabeth R. , Meiri Noam
Published: February 2025

Background

Enhancing an organism’s survival hinges on the development of balanced and adaptable stress response systems. While the initial stress-response set-points in the hypothalamus may be genetically determined, they are further influenced by epigenetic factors during embryonic development. A debate persists regarding the heritability of such behavioral traits. The chick in ovo heat conditioning model offers a unique insight into this fundamental question, where manipulation during embryonic development can induce heat resilience and even cross-tolerance to promote immunological resilience. In this study, we conducted an analysis of thermal manipulation during embryogenesis to demonstrate paternal heredity and investigate its transmission through sperm DNA methylation in coordination with miR-200a action.

Result

First-generation embryos underwent in ovo heat conditioning (EHC), creating a cohort of embryonic EHC and control chicks. These chicks were then subjected to an intracranial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Conditioning rendered the chicks immune resilient, as evidenced by their fibril effect. Male offspring were raised to maturity, and their sperm was analyzed for methylome patterns, revealing significant differences between treatments, particularly in immune and development related genes. Additionally, sperm from EHC males was used for artificial insemination of naïve Cobb hens, resulting in untreated offspring that displayed immune resilience upon LPS challenge, indicating transgenerational effects. Overlap analysis of sperm methylome and differentially methylated sites (DMS) of offspring hypothalamus revealed inheritance of altered methylation associated with specific genes. Several of these genes are potential effectors of miR-200a, whose expression profile in the hypothalamus during LPS challenge was conserved across both generations. To evaluate the role of miR-200a in cross-tolerance acquisition, miR-200a was intracranially injected, and RNA-seq analysis of the hypothalamus revealed genes involved in the regulation of developmental and metabolic processes, stress, and immune response.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates paternal trait heredity by revealing that EHC induces cross-tolerance with the immunological system, rendering chicks resilient to LPS that transgenerationally transmit this to untreated offspring. Additionally, analysis of sperm methylation patterns in EHC mature chicks led to identification of genes associated with neuronal development and immune response, indicating potential neural network reorganization. Finally, miR-200a emerges as a regulator potentially involved in mediating the cross-tolerance effect.
GNA15 predicts poor outcomes as a novel biomarker related to M2 macrophage infiltration in ovarian cancer
Authors: Liu Qin , Sun Yabing , Zhang Tao , Lin Wanrun , Zhang Jing , Zhang Huijuan , Zheng Wenxin , Xu Hong , Zhou Feng
Published: February 2025

Background

The exploration of genetic signatures within the ovarian cancer (OC) tumor microenvironment (TME) remains limited. M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-like TAMs) are pivotal in OC progression and therapy. This study aims to establish a novel prognostic signature and identify M2-like TAM-related biomarkers in OC using RNAseq-based transcriptome analysis.

Methods

Prognostic M2-like TAM-related genes were identified through univariate Cox regression, consensus clustering, and LASSO regression. Immune landscape analysis was conducted to assess immune cell composition and immune checkpoint genes in high- and low-risk groups. Subsequently, in vitro cell experiments and OC cohorts were performed.

Results

Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that GNA15 is involved in immune responses like leukocyte transendothelial migration and FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. GNA15 was up-regulated in cisplatin-resistant OC cells, and its in vitro down-regulation decreased cell proliferation. An eight-gene prognostic model, including M2-like TAM-related genes, independently predicted poor outcomes in OC. GNA15 emerged as a hub gene positively correlated with M2-like TAMs infiltration, predicting unfavorable outcomes across OC cohorts. Moreover, GNA15 expression correlated positively with CD163 expression, suggesting its role in macrophage polarization.

Conclusion

GNA15 plays an immunosuppressive role in OC progression linked to M2-like TAMs polarization and stands as a potential prognostic marker in OC.
Mitochondrial DNA in atherosclerosis research progress: a mini review
Authors: Liu Zheng , Huang Nan , Liu Chan , Wu Can , Zhou Ling , Liu Xiang , Lei Haibo
Published: February 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects large and medium-sized arteries and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This article reviews the multifaceted role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in AS, including its structure, function, release, and relationship with inflammation. Damage and release of mtDNA are considered central drivers in the development of AS, as they participate in the progression of AS by activating inflammatory pathways and affecting lipid metabolism. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting mtDNA and its downstream effects may provide new avenues to address this global health challenge.
NOX4 modulates breast cancer progression through cancer cell metabolic reprogramming and CD8+ T cell antitumor activity
Authors: Xiong Yingying , Weng Yiming , Zhu Shan , Qin Jian , Feng Jia , Jing Xiaopeng , Luo Chao , Gong Wei , Sun Rui , Peng Min
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. Although NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) has been implicated in various oncogenic processes, its exact function in breast cancer progression, metabolic reprogramming, and immune modulation remains unclear.

Methods

We used murine 4T1 and EO771 breast cancer models to generate NOX4 knockout (KO) cell lines via CRISPR/Cas9. In vitro assays (cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, and Seahorse metabolic analyses) and in vivo orthotopic tumor studies assessed the impact of NOX4 loss. Transcriptomic changes were identified through RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis. We performed MYC knockdown in NOX4 KO cells to investigate its mechanistic role. Flow cytometry characterized tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Finally, NOX4-overexpressing cells were tested for survival benefit and response to dual-checkpoint immunotherapy (anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4).

Results

NOX4 deletion accelerated tumor growth in vivo and enhanced proliferation, colony formation, and migratory capacity in vitro. Metabolic profiling showed that NOX4 KO cells had elevated glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, along with increased mitochondrial mass. Transcriptomic and enrichment analyses revealed MYC pathway activation in NOX4 KO cells; suppressing MYC reversed these hyperproliferative and metabolic changes. Immunologically, NOX4 KO reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration and function, partially due to lowered CCL11/CCL5 levels, while PD-L1 expression was upregulated. In contrast, NOX4 overexpression improved survival in mice and synergized with checkpoint blockade, demonstrating a positive effect on anti-tumor immunity.

Discussion

These findings show that NOX4 constrains breast cancer aggressiveness by limiting MYC-driven metabolic adaptations and supporting CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity. Loss of NOX4 promotes a more malignant phenotype and dampens T cell responses, whereas its overexpression prolongs survival and enhances checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. Therapeutically targeting the NOX4–MYC axis and leveraging NOX4’s immunomodulatory capacity could offer promising strategies for breast cancer management.