bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Biofuels. Strategy for Growth and Energy Security
Authors: Aguilar-Rivera Noé
Published: July 2022

In Mexico, the goal of economic growth, sustainability, decrease consumption of imported oil fuels and additives meeting the climate change commitments with ethanol biofuel is a development goal not yet resolved. This work is based on the premise that feedstock, the use of agricultural lands as a function of economic, ecological and social aspects, inefficient public policies, disinformation and lack of knowledge, culture and attitude of the population and stakeholders towards biofuels has been identified as critical success factors for the transition of conventional sugar mill to an agro-industrial complex. Therefore, a systematic review of academic and technological research was carried out on the recent innovations and scope for future endeavours in ethanol biofuel. Ethanol can gain importance in developing countries as Mexico, producers, and exporters of oil without refining capacity for environmental, climatic and financial benefits. In such a scenario, investments, and public policies in the sector for increasing production efficiency and crop yields as sugarcane will play a critical role in bioethanol value chain.
Exchange Markets and Stock Markets Integration in Latin-America
Authors: Muñoz Mendoza Jorge A. , Veloso Ramos Carmen L. , Sepúlveda Yelpo Sandra M. , Delgado Fuentealba Carlos L. , Cornejo Saavedra Edinson E.
Published: July 2022

We analyze the relationship between the exchange markets and the integration process of the Latin American stock markets (MILA), focusing the analysis on two points. First, we evaluate the existence and nature of exchange risk premium and its relationship with the uncovered interest parity (UIP) bias. Second, we analyze the effect of MILA on Latin American foreign exchange markets. We use monthly time series between January 1997 and December 2021 for the exchange markets of Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The econometric analysis was based on OLS, GARCH-in-Mean and DCC-MGARCH regressions. Our results indicate that UIP is does not meet. Even the GARCH-in-Mean models results indicates that there is no individual risk premium that corrects UIP bias. However, the results of the DCC-MGARCH model show that there is a risk premium generated simultaneously by the correlation between markets. Finally, MILA increased the dynamic correlations of exchange returns and risk premiums, mainly among the MILA markets. These results have relevant implications for policymakers and investors due to the impacts on exchange markets dependence and international investment decision-making.
Potential Role of Blood Flow Restricted Exercise for Older Adults
Authors:   Applied Health Sciences Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada, Cordingley Dean M. ,   Pan Am Clinic Foundation, 75 Poseidon Bay, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3M 3E4, Canada, Cornish Stephen M. ,   Applied Health Sciences Program, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada,   Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada,   Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2T 2N2, Canada
Published: July 2022

Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength which is associated with the loss of physical performance, lower quality of life, and other negative health outcomes. Resistance training (RT) is a recognized method to increase muscle strength and mass, however some older adults may be limited in their ability to perform RT with traditionally recommended higher-loads. Occluding blood flow to a limb, commonly referred to as muscle blood flow restriction (MBFR), has been investigated as an adjunct to RT to elicit muscle strength and hypertrophy adaptations while utilizing lower-loads of resistance as compared to traditional training recommendations. This technique could be of particular interest for older adults who may be limited in their ability to otherwise complete RT due to health reasons or may be debilitated due to a lack of muscle mass and strength. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the current literature investigating the use of MBFR with and without a combination of exercise, in older adults and its effects on skeletal muscle strength, hypertrophy, and physical function.
Exploring Users’ Experiences With a Quick-Response Chatbot Within a Popular Smoking Cessation Smartphone App: Semistructured Interview Study
Authors: Alphonse Alice , Stewart Kezia , Brown Jamie , Perski Olga
Published: July 2022

Background

Engagement with smartphone apps for smoking cessation tends to be low. Chatbots (ie, software that enables conversations with users) offer a promising means of increasing engagement.

Objective

We aimed to explore smokers’ experiences with a quick-response chatbot (Quit Coach) implemented within a popular smoking cessation app and identify factors that influence users’ engagement with Quit Coach.

Methods

In-depth, one-to-one, semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with adult, past-year smokers who had voluntarily used Quit Coach in a recent smoking cessation attempt (5/14, 36%) and current smokers who agreed to download and use Quit Coach for a minimum of 2 weeks to support a new cessation attempt (9/14, 64%). Verbal reports were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed within a constructivist theoretical framework using inductive thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 3 high-order themes were generated to capture users’ experiences and engagement with Quit Coach: anthropomorphism of and accountability to Quit Coach (ie, users ascribing human-like characteristics and thoughts to the chatbot, which helped foster a sense of accountability to it), Quit Coach’s interaction style and format (eg, positive and motivational tone of voice and quick and easy-to-complete check-ins), and users’ perceived need for support (ie, chatbot engagement was motivated by seeking distraction from cravings or support to maintain motivation to stay quit).

Conclusions

Anthropomorphism of a quick-response chatbot implemented within a popular smoking cessation app appeared to be enabled by its interaction style and format and users’ perceived need for support, which may have given rise to feelings of accountability and increased engagement.
Monitoring Physical Behavior in Rehabilitation Using a Machine Learning–Based Algorithm for Thigh-Mounted Accelerometers: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Skovbjerg Frederik , Honoré Helene , Mechlenburg Inger , Lipperts Matthijs , Gade Rikke , Næss-Schmidt Erhard Trillingsgaard
Published: July 2022

Background

Physical activity is emerging as an outcome measure. Accelerometers have become an important tool in monitoring physical behavior, and newer analytical approaches of recognition methods increase the degree of details. Many studies have achieved high performance in the classification of physical behaviors through the use of multiple wearable sensors; however, multiple wearables can be impractical and lower compliance.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop and validate an algorithm for classifying several daily physical behaviors using a single thigh-mounted accelerometer and a supervised machine-learning scheme.

Methods

We collected training data by adding the behavior classes—running, cycling, stair climbing, wheelchair ambulation, and vehicle driving—to an existing algorithm with the classes of sitting, lying, standing, walking, and transitioning. After combining the training data, we used a random forest learning scheme for model development. We validated the algorithm through a simulated free-living procedure using chest-mounted cameras for establishing the ground truth. Furthermore, we adjusted our algorithm and compared the performance with an existing algorithm based on vector thresholds.

Results

We developed an algorithm to classify 11 physical behaviors relevant for rehabilitation. In the simulated free-living validation, the performance of the algorithm decreased to 57% as an average for the 11 classes (F-measure). After merging classes into sedentary behavior, standing, walking, running, and cycling, the result revealed high performance in comparison to both the ground truth and the existing algorithm.

Conclusions

Using a single thigh-mounted accelerometer, we obtained high classification levels within specific behaviors. The behaviors classified with high levels of performance mostly occur in populations with higher levels of functioning. Further development should aim at describing behaviors within populations with lower levels of functioning.
A German Smartphone-Based Self-management Tool for Psoriasis: Community-Driven Development and Evaluation of Quality-of-Life Effects (Preprint)
Authors: Brandl Lea C , Liebram Claudia , Schramm Wendelin , Pobiruchin Monika
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Psoriasis is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation, increased scaling, itching, and other symptoms. Psoriasis is not contagious, but patients have often felt shunned. Therefore, in addition to psoriasis symptoms, stress, anxiety, and depression can also affect quality of life (QoL). Surveys show that only a quarter of patients are satisfied with the success of their therapy. However, in addition to medical therapy, self-management can also make it easier to deal with chronic diseases like psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project was to develop a smartphone-based self-management tool (SMT) specifically for patients with psoriasis using a community-driven process. The impact of the SMT on QoL as well as its acceptance and usability were evaluated.

METHODS

In collaboration with an internet-based self-help community, 2 user surveys were conducted to determine the requirements for a smartphone-based SMT. The surveys consisted of semistructured questionnaires asking for desired features in an SMT for psoriasis. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate QoL, acceptance, and usability. Community users were recruited to use the app for 21 days and complete the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire at the beginning (T0) and end (T1). Afterward, participants were asked to complete another questionnaire on usability and ease of use.

RESULTS

SMT requirements were collected from 97 members of an internet-based community. The SMT was built as a progressive web app that communicates with a server back end and an Angular web app for content management. The app was used by 15 participants who also provided qualitative feedback, and 10 participants answered all questionnaires. The average DLQI score was 7.1 (SD 6.2) at T0 and 6.9 (SD 6.6) at T1. The minimal required sample size of 27 was not reached.

CONCLUSIONS

The high degree of community participation in the development process and the responses during the requirement engineering process indicated that there is a general need for an independently developed SMT for patients with psoriasis. However, the feedback received after app use shows that the SMT does not meet the needs of the community. It can be concluded that a more customizable app is needed. The focus and needs of the users were very heterogeneous. Similar developments and research could benefit from the findings of this project.
The Association Between COVID-19 Information Sources and Stigma Against Health Care Workers Among College Students: Cross-sectional, Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Sakai Mai , Takagi Gen , Toshi Keita , Wakashima Koubun , Yoshii Hatsumi
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered stigmatic attitudes against health care workers. Some forms of social media may play a role in disseminating stigmatizing messages.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 information sources and stigma against health care workers among college students during the pandemic.

METHODS

A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted using a web-based platform in the Tohoku region of Japan. College students aged ≥20 years were asked to complete the questionnaire between August 18 and October 31, 2020. Stigma against health care workers was evaluated using a modified Japanese version of the Social Distance Scale. Participants were also asked to rate their perceived vulnerability to infection using the Japanese version of the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease scale.

RESULTS

A total of 281 students from 8 colleges completed the web-based survey. There were 139 (49.5%) participants who used Twitter, 187 (66.5%) who used news websites, and 46 (16.4%) who used the websites of public health agencies as COVID-19 information sources. After adjusting for age, sex, department, and Perceived Vulnerability to Disease scores, the level of stigma did not differ between students who used Twitter and those who did not. Students who used the websites of public health agencies showed a significantly less stigmatic attitude than those who did not.

CONCLUSIONS

Fact-checking and directing visitors to credible information sources from public health agencies may have prevented the formation of stigmatic attitudes toward health care workers. An effective strategy to enable easy access to information provided by public agencies should be integrated into widespread web-based platforms.
Exploring Users’ Experiences With a Quick-Response Chatbot Within a Popular Smoking Cessation Smartphone App: Semistructured Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Alphonse Alice , Stewart Kezia , Brown Jamie , Perski Olga
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Engagement with smartphone apps for smoking cessation tends to be low. Chatbots (ie, software that enables conversations with users) offer a promising means of increasing engagement.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore smokers’ experiences with a quick-response chatbot (Quit Coach) implemented within a popular smoking cessation app and identify factors that influence users’ engagement with Quit Coach.

METHODS

In-depth, one-to-one, semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with adult, past-year smokers who had voluntarily used Quit Coach in a recent smoking cessation attempt (5/14, 36%) and current smokers who agreed to download and use Quit Coach for a minimum of 2 weeks to support a new cessation attempt (9/14, 64%). Verbal reports were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed within a constructivist theoretical framework using inductive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 3 high-order themes were generated to capture users’ experiences and engagement with Quit Coach: anthropomorphism of and accountability to Quit Coach (ie, users ascribing human-like characteristics and thoughts to the chatbot, which helped foster a sense of accountability to it), Quit Coach’s interaction style and format (eg, positive and motivational tone of voice and quick and easy-to-complete check-ins), and users’ perceived need for support (ie, chatbot engagement was motivated by seeking distraction from cravings or support to maintain motivation to stay quit).

CONCLUSIONS

Anthropomorphism of a quick-response chatbot implemented within a popular smoking cessation app appeared to be enabled by its interaction style and format and users’ perceived need for support, which may have given rise to feelings of accountability and increased engagement.
Omicron and vaccines: An analysis on the decline in COVID-19 mortality (Preprint)
Authors: Larrauri Blas , Malbran Alejandro , Larrauri Jose
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged in December 2019 infecting more than 430 million people worldwide and causing almost 6 million deaths until February 2022. Rapid vaccination efforts during this period coincided with a reduction in the mortality rate of the virus. A new genetic COVID-19 variant named Omicron appeared and widely spread by the end of 2021, after which the COVID-19 mortality rate showed a marked, albeit temporary, decline. The potential relationship between vaccines and omicron infection on the mortality rate of COVID-19 is analyzed in this article using online data from public sources from countries with relatively high incidence of infection. Mortality and incidence rates were compared before and after Omicron became the prevalent source of COVID-19 cases, as well as the effect of vaccination during these periods. Infection rates were higher during Omicron than in the pre-Omicron period (4.16% vs. 2%, respectively), whereas mortality rates showed the opposite trend both in deaths over population (0.021% vs. 0.171%) and deaths over positive cases (0.27% vs. 1.07%, respectively). The results suggest that vaccines, while significantly reducing mortality, did not prevent Omicron infection; and that during the Omicron period mortality decreased by a low aggressiveness of this variant.
Effects of a digital patient empowerment and communication tool on metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes: DeMpower Study (Preprint)
Authors: Orozco-Beltrán Domingo , Morales Cristóbal , Artola-Menéndez Sara , Brotons Carlos , Carrascosa Sara , González Cintia , Baró Oscar , Aliaga Alberto , Ferreira Karine , Villarejo María , Hurtado Carlos , Álvarez-Ortega Carolina , Gómez-García Antón , Cedenilla Marta Cedenilla , Fernández Gonzalo
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is a major health care problem, reaching epidemic numbers worldwide. Reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels to recommended targets is associated with a marked decrease in the risk of T2DM-related complications. The implementation of new technologies, particularly telemedicine, may be helpful to facilitate self-care and empowerment of people with T2DM leading to an improved metabolic control of the disease.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the effect of a home digital patient empowerment and communication tool (DeMpower App) on metabolic control in people with inadequately-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS

The DeMpower study was multicenter with a retrospective (observational: 52 weeks of follow-up) and prospective (interventional: 52 weeks of follow-up) design that included people with T2DM, aged ≥18 and ≤80 years, with HbA1c levels ≥7.5% to ≤9.5%, receiving treatment with non-insulin antihyperglycemic agents and able to use a smartphone App. Individuals were randomly assigned (2:1) to the DeMpower App-empowered group or control group. We describe the effect of empowerment on the proportion of patients achieving the study glycemic target, defined as HbA1c ≤7.5% with a reduction in HbA1c ≥0.5% at week 24.

RESULTS

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study was stopped prematurely, and 50 patients (33 and 17, respectively) were analyzed. There was a trend towards a higher proportion of patients achieving the study glycemic target (46% vs 18%; P=0.07) in the DeMpower App group, that was statistically significant when the target was HbA1c ≤7.5% (64% vs 24%; P=0.02) or HbA1c ≤8.0% (85% vs 53%; P=0.02).The mean HbA1c was significantly reduced at week 24 (−0.81±0.89 vs −0.15±1.03; P=0.03) and trends for improvement of other cardiovascular risk factors, medication adherence, and satisfaction were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggest that patient empowerment through home digital tools has a potential effect on metabolic control, which might be even more relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic and in a digital health scenario.
Health Disparities in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) in the United States
Authors: McGill Rita L. , Saunders Milda R. , Hayward Alexandra L. , Chapman Arlene B.
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) occurs at conception and is often diagnosed decades prior to kidney failure. Nephrology care and transplantation access should be independent of race and ethnicity. However, institutional racism and barriers to health care may affect patient outcomes in ADPKD. We sought to ascertain the effect of health disparities on outcomes in ADPKD by examining age at onset of kidney failure and access to preemptive transplantation and transplantation after dialysis initiation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Retrospective cohort analyses of adults with ADPKD in the United States Renal Data System from January 2000 to June 2018 were merged to US Census income data and evaluated by self-reported race and ethnicity. Age at kidney failure was analyzed in a linear model, and transplant rates before and after dialysis initiation were analyzed in logistic and proportional hazards models in Black and Hispanic patients with ADPKD compared with White patients with ADPKD.

Results

A total of 41,485 patients with ADPKD were followed for a median of 25 (interquartile range, 5–54) months. Mean age was 56±12 years; 46% were women, 13% were Black, and 10% were Hispanic. Mean ages at kidney failure were 55±13, 53±12, and 57±12 years for Black patients, Hispanic patients, and White patients, respectively. Odds ratios for preemptive transplant were 0.33 (95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.38) for Black patients and 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 0.56) for Hispanic patients compared with White patients. Transplant after dialysis initiation was 0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.64) for Black patients and 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.74 to 0.83) for Hispanic patients.

Conclusions

Black and Hispanic patients with ADPKD reach kidney failure earlier and are less likely to receive a kidney transplant preemptively and after initiating dialysis compared with White patients with ADPKD.
Amenazas y oportunidades que debemos abordar los profesionales en la ingeniería ambiental, para hacer frente a los cambios por la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors:   Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, Macías Mayorga Dayanara
Published: July 2022

Según la organización mundial de la salud (OMS) los coronavirus son una amplia familia de virus que pueden afectar tanto animales como plantas, siendo el más reciente el SARS-CoV-2, que provoca la COVID-19 y detectado en Wuhan (China) en el 2019, y que aún en la actualidad mantiene al mundo en una situación de emergencia sanitaria, que además de ocasionar devastación y mortalidad, implica un aumento en la generación de residuos médicos peligrosos. Toda esta situación, nos dirige a replantear la relación de los seres humanos con la naturaleza.
Análisis de las Relaciones entre Etapas del Proceso Industrial Arrocero Cubano para Gestionar Costos de Calidad
Authors:   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”, Panal-Leiva Eilyn , Medrano-García Yitsy ,   mpresa Agroindustrial de Granos “Sur del Jíbaro”, Rodríguez-Aquino Yariel ,   mpresa Agroindustrial de Granos “Sur del Jíbaro”, Marrero-Delgado Fernando ,   Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Gómez-Avilés Higinia-Bismaida ,   Universidad de Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez”
Published: July 2022

La significación socioeconómica del procesamiento del arroz como alimento, demanda de un aprovechamiento eficiente de las reservas productivas de esta industria a nivel global. En este sentido, una correcta evaluación de los costos de calidad puede contribuir a tal propósito, bien si se precisa de un enfoque de procesos que garantice el monitoreo y control de las operaciones en las etapas claves. El procedimiento propuesto en este artículo, analiza la actividad de beneficio del arroz en la empresa agroindustrial de granos “Sur del Jíbaro”, para establecer las relaciones entre características tecnológicas y los registros de costos prioritarios por etapas del proceso, útiles en el diseño de un sistema de costos de calidad. Como resultado se obtuvieron las variables de entrada, parámetros de proceso y variables de salida, clasificadas, así como la prioridad por grupos en función de requerimientos productivos. Se facilitó de esta forma un esquema de control más flexible, que junto a los registros de costos del sistema, hacen viable una estrategia basada en la concepción cliente-proveedor entre etapas, para la gestión de los costos de calidad en la agroindustria arrocera cubana.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN BERBASIS EXCEL PADA BUMDES MANDIRI “MULYOAGUNG”
Authors: Setyawan Setu , Juanda Ahmad , Syam Dhaniel
Published: July 2022

BUMDes Mandiri Mulyoagung merupakan badan usaha yang dibentuk oleh Desa Mulyoagung kec, Dau  Kab. Malang, yand didirikan pada tahun 2019 berdasarkan musyawarah Badan Perwakilan Desa (BPD), RW dan Kepala Desa, pembentukan didasarkan aktivitas usaha warga pasar Desa yang menempati tanah desa dan transaksi pembayaran jasa lainnya. Pengabdian ini difokuskan pada pelatihan dan pendampingan penyusunan sistem pecatatan dan pelaporan keuangan yang berbasis Excel for accounting dengan menghasilkan model sistem informasi pelaporan keuangan. Pelaksanaan pelatihan dan pendampingan menggunakan model-RAD (Rapid Application Development) yaitu   metode yang melibatkan pengguna didalam penyusunan model (prototype), perbaikan sampai model siap untuk di gunakan  Sasaran mitra sebanyak 4 orang yaitu ketua BUMdes, Bendahara dan  2 orang bagia operasional. Dari hasil pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada pengurus BUMdes mulyoagung sangat berhasil dengan melihat hasil post-test rata rata nilai 60 setelah diadakan pelatihan dan pendampingan  selama 6 bulan, nilai pas test mencapai rata 80. Selanjuntya model atau sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan Excel for accounting yang dijalankan dilakukan penyempunaan dengan sesuai dengan kebutuhan
MANAJEMEN PEMBENTUKAN KEPRIBADIAN MUSLIM PANTI ASUHAN PUTRI AISYIYAH DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Juliati Ratih , Boedirochminarni Arfida , Sudiyono Widhiyo
Published: July 2022

Panti Asuhan Aisyiyah di Kota Malang adalah salah satu bagian dari masyarakat yang rentan mengalami kerusakan moral karena sebagian besar santrinya masih dalam usia 6 – 18 tahun yang tingkat kedewasaannya belum matang dan adanya paparan informasi baik positif maupun negatif melalui ponsel yang mereka gunakan. Mereka sangat membutuhkan uluran tangan karena kendala terbatasnya perhatian dan bimbingan dari orang tua maupun wali dari santri. Oleh karena itu pengabdi bertujuan untuk mengadakan Pelatihan Manajemen Pembentukan Kepribadian Muslim adalah untuk membentuk kepribadian para santri di Panti Asuhan Aisyiyah di Kota Malang untuk menjaga kepribadian para santri agar sesuai dengan aqidah dan nilai-nilai yang diajarkan dalam Islam. Pelatihan Majemen Pembentukan Kepribadian Muslim ini menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner, antara lain dari aspek jasmani, kejiwaan dan kerohanian.  Manfaat dari penelitian ini menyentuh tiga aspek penting dalam pembentuk kepribadian muslim, yaitu aspek kejasmanian, aspek kejiwaan, dan aspek kerohanian yang luhur dengan tenaga utamanya adalah budi pekerti yang baik. Pada aspek kejasmanian; pelatihan ini bermanfaat membentuk kepribadian muslim melalui organ-organ anak dengan pembiasaan senam pagi dan pembiasaan sikap tubuh yang baik. Pada aspek kejiwaan, pelatihan ini bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan santri dalam mengenali lebih dalam diri mereka sendiri agar mereka dapat mengelola diri mereka lebih baik lagi. Sementara pada aspek kerohanian, pelatihan ini bermanfaat menanamkan pembiasaan sholat dan istirahat tepat waktu dan pembiasaan komunikasi kepada Allah swt melalui doa. Luaran dari pelatihan ini adalah hasil analisis kepribadian masing – masing peserta pelatihan, rekomendasi jadwal harian untuk santri dan publikasi jurnal pengabdian.
Bounds on approximating Max kXOR with quantum and classical local algorithms
Authors: Marwaha Kunal , Hadfield Stuart
Published: July 2022

We consider the power of local algorithms for approximately solving Max kXOR, a generalization of two constraint satisfaction problems previously studied with classical and quantum algorithms (MaxCut and Max E3LIN2). In Max kXOR each constraint is the XOR of exactly k variables and a parity bit. On instances with either random signs (parities) or no overlapping clauses and D+1 clauses per variable, we calculate the expected satisfying fraction of the depth-1 QAOA from Farhi et al [arXiv:1411.4028] and compare with a generalization of the local threshold algorithm from Hirvonen et al [arXiv:1402.2543]. Notably, the quantum algorithm outperforms the threshold algorithm for k>4.On the other hand, we highlight potential difficulties for the QAOA to achieve computational quantum advantage on this problem. We first compute a tight upper bound on the maximum satisfying fraction of nearly all large random regular Max kXOR instances by numerically calculating the ground state energy density P(k) of a mean-field k-spin glass [arXiv:1606.02365]. The upper bound grows with k much faster than the performance of both one-local algorithms. We also identify a new obstruction result for low-depth quantum circuits (including the QAOA) when k=3, generalizing a result of Bravyi et al [arXiv:1910.08980] when k=2. We conjecture that a similar obstruction exists for all k.
Finds of the Crimean puls of the XIV century on the territory of the Bolgarian settlement
Authors:   A.Kh. Khalikov Institute of Archaeology of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Bugarchev Aleksey I. , Fedorova Evgenia A. ,   Bolgarian State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve
Published: July 2022

The article presents earlier unpublished information about the finds of the Crimean copper coins (puls) of the XIV century on the territory of the Bolgarian settlement. The authors pay special attention to coins with the date of 743, the whole number of which makes 31 copies. Comparing the weight of those coins with the other puls (coins) of the 1330s and 1340s, the authors come to the conclusion that those puls (coins) were turning in the markets of the town together with the Bolgarian puls (coins) “Tamga in the star”, minted in 1330th.
Ethnocultural basis of the formation process of the Crimean Tatar artistic culture and decorative and applied art (part two)
Authors:   Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Zaatov Ismet A. ,   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

In the articlean attempt is made to trace the course of the early medieval (Old Turkic) stage of Turkization process of the plain, foothill, mountainous, southern coast population of the Crimea. And also it follows the formation of artistic culture and decorative art of the Turkic ancestors of that period among the Crimean Tatars, preceding the appearance of the Kipchaks-Polovtsy-Kuman on the peninsula, as well as those occurring parallel to this process. Among the ethnic community of the descendants of the ancient autochthons of the peninsula, the Crimean mountainous people of the Tats, the common ancestors of the southern coast and mountain Crimean Tatars, as well as the ancestors of the Greco-Tatars – Urums of ethnocultural processes, who formed an ethnocultural whole with them.
Abdullah ibn Rizvan-Pasha. The Chronicle “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak”. Part 4 (end)
Authors:   Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Abduzhemilev Refat R. ,   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

The column presents one of the principal narrative sources reflecting the history of the Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate – the work “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” (“The Chronicle of the Desht-i Kiptchak”, 1638) from under the pen of Abdullah ibn Rizvan. Notwithstanding the presence of works in the scientific literature on this chronicle, they still have a superficial character. The artistic and literary merits of the work have not been fully analyzed. The chronicle is a vivid example of evolution of the Crimean Ottoman traditions of verbal creativity and chronology, which later gave impetus to the emergence of other universal histories. The text of “Tevarikh-i Desht-i Kiptchak” is given in the original transliteration from two manuscripts (National Library of France S 874 and The Library of Topkapı Palace Museum B 289) and in Russian translation (author of transliteration and translation – R.R. Abduzhemilev). The translation is made up of the combined text from two manuscript copies in the book Ananiasz Zajaczkowski “La Chronique des Steppes Kıptchak Tevarih-i Deşt-ı Qıpçaq du XVIIe siècle” (Warszawa 1966).
Dervish Mehmed bin Mubarek Geray Genghisi. The Chronicle “Tarikh-i Mehmed Geray” (“Mehmed Geray’s History”). Part 1
Authors:   Fevzi Yakubov Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University, Abduzhemilev Refat R. ,   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2022

The Chronicle “Tarikh-I Mehmed Geray” (1682–1703) by Crimean Tatar historiographer Dervish Mehmed bin Mubarak Geray Ginghisi is the narrative source reflecting the history of the Ottoman state in 1682–1703. The date of the work is 1703 (completed in the month of Rejeb 1115). A copy of the chronicle has been preserved in the funds of the Austrian National Library (Österreichische Nationalbibliothek) under the cipher (inventory number). No. 1080, Cod. H.O.86 HAN MAG. Volume (folio) – 125 sheets in taalik script, sheets are small. There are verses on 125 sheets. The manuscript is not marked with the title, but has an appraisal prescript: “Tarih-i Mehmed Geray: Qara Mustafa Paşa cenklerin söyler Avcı Sultan Mehmed Han vaqtlarından Sultan Ahmed Han, biñ yüz on beş tarihınacek söyler bir maqbul tarihdır” / “Tarikh-i Mehmed Geray: the generally accepted history in the narration about the wars of Kara Mustafa Pasha, since the times of Avjy (“The Hunter”) Sultan Mehmed Khan till Sultan Ahmed Khan, up to the year one thousand one hundred and fifteen”. The translation of the Chronicle’s extracts into Russian (the author of the translation is R.R. Abduzhemilev) was made from the manuscript’s transliteration into Latin, presented in the Turkish edition of Ughur Demir’s master thesis “Tarikh-i Mehmed Giray” (assessment – text’s transcription) ”(consultant: Prof. Dr. Nejdet Öztürk, Istanbul, 2006, 163 pages).
The Case of Ownership of the Lands of Kokkoz Valley (based on Archive Sources)
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Vaniev Eldar S.
Published: July 2022

On the example of covering a court dispute about the ownership of the largest land plot in the Crimea of the XIX century, the problem of the law enforcement in the field of land use in Taurida was raised. It points to such a feature of land use in Taurida province, as simultaneous functioning within the same territory of two land use systems: Islamic and continental. From a historical and legal point of view, the demand that arose is interesting in itself as a legal monument to complex land disputes in the Crimea in the XIX century.
Political History and State Organizition of the Crimean Khanate (1441–1783)
Authors:   Marmara University, Uzunagach Elif
Published: July 2022

Geographically situated between the Don-Dnieper rivers, the Crimean Khanate played an important role in between the centuries XV and XVIII in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and the northern regions of the Black Sea. After the disintegration of the Golden Horde State, the Khanate, which was established in 1441, became a subject of the Ottoman State in 1475. The Khanate became an ally for the Ottoman Empire. The Crimean Khanate served the Ottoman Empire in wars, by the order of Yavuz Sultan Selim, the Khanate soldiers made constant raids into Russia and prevented them from going to the south. The Khanate was one of the important powers of the region until the XVIII century. The dominance of the Ottoman Empire in Crimea lasted for three hundred years, with the Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarca in 1774 Crimea was separated from the Ottoman Empire and became independent, it was captured by the Russian army in 1783. The aim of this study is to analyze the political history of the Crimean Khanate and the state organization issues important for understanding the political history, by using primary and secondary sources. If there are different opinions on the use of resources, the available resources were analyzed in a comparative way. This study was made by using clear language that anyone can understand. As an outcome of the study, after analyzing all the stages of the Crimean Khanate history, the effects of the Khanate history reflected on today are revealed.
Cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan as a Vector of Eurasian Integration
Authors: Davydova Yu. A. , Kargapolova E. V.
Published: July 2022

The study analyzes the areas of cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan within the framework of Eurasian integration.

Aim.To identify the presence of factors contributing to the strengthening of relations between Russia and Kazakhstan at the present stage and obstacles hindering the deepening of integration processes.

Tasks.To analyze the current state of cooperation between the two countries within the framework of the Eurasian Union, to identify obstacles to deepening integration processes, to show forecast scenarios of interaction between Russia and Kazakhstan. To analyze how these scenarios will affect the relationship between the two countries, and what consequences will be if each of them is implemented.

Methods.The article uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, as well as an empirical method of expert evaluation.

Results.The study showed that there are strong relations between the two countries in the economic sphere within the framework of the EAEU. Russia is the main trading partner of Kazakhstan. Projects related to the Caspian Sea are being developed and look very promising. Joint military exercises and supplies of Russian weapons are of great interest to Kazakhstan. Russia acts as a guarantor of Kazakhstan’s security in the region and its main partner in the Eurasian space. The Collective Security Treaty Organization also plays an important role in the relations between the two countries, which proved its effectiveness in the January 2022 events, contributing to the resolution of the political crisis and preventing extremist actions of armed terrorist groups. At the same time, the role of Kazakhstan as its closest neighbor and ally is also important for Russia, especially in the context of escalating international tensions.

Conclusions.Both Russia and Kazakhstan are interested in further cooperation in the economic, military and cultural spheres. At the same time, the further deepening of integration processes is hindered by the absence of large joint investment projects and the multi-vector nature of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy. In the context of the information war of the West against Russia and the increasing international tension, it is extremely important to deepen cooperation between the two countries.
The Performance of Gambling Share repurchase dilemma and way out with the Company
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, LI SIYIN
Published: July 2022

China's corporate regulations on repurchase and corporate gambling have undergone a transformation from invalid to effective. The gambling agreement takes the form of contract to construct the corporate governance structure, reconstructing the original risks, interests and control pattern of the company organization, and should be subject to the company's laws and regulations.The rule of "capital reduction first and then repurchase" established in the Nine Civil Minutes relies on the principle of differentiation to shift the focus of the judgment to the performance of the contract, and puts it under the constraints of the capital maintenance principle. However, the current company law capital maintenance principle is too rough, leading to the gambling share repurchase can only be reduced through capital reduction, to increase the cost.However, the current judgment rules reverse the procedure of capital reduction and repurchase, the procedure of capital reduction can not be conducted and other major problems, which makes it difficult to actually perform the share repurchase, resulting in the absence of investor protection. The principle of replacing capital maintenance with solvency and continuing operation standards outside the domain reflects another regulatory idea of restricting the one-way outflow of corporate assets to shareholders guided by the interests of creditors. However, its high operating costs cannot be ignored in the process of its local introduction.Judicial judgment should comprehensively examine the assets of the target company in specific cases to determine how to perform the share repurchase, learn from the responsibility mechanism of the business judgment of the board of directors to overcome the absence of subject and responsibility identification in the company's decision-making, and take multiple alternative creditor protection measures to prevent the expected risks of share repurchase.Finally, the perfection of category stocks in the company law system is the fundamental way to solve the performance dilemma of gambling share repurchase.
From the Editor's desk
Authors:   Editor, Journal of Environmental Biology, Lucknow, India, Gaumat Sumati
Published: July 2022

The year 2020-2022 has been quite challenging for us. The sudden outbreak of Covid-19 in March 2020 followed by the lockdown of all the nations created havoc and disturbed the life of people. Back to Journal of Environmental Biology (JEB) Editorial Secretariat, as a precautionary measure, remained closed for a major part of the year 2020-2021, strictly following the protocols issued by the Government of India. Despite the closure, the entire editorial team of JEB worked from home and successfully managed and released all the issues of Journal. Amongst chaos and disturbances, the journal still managed to achieve a good impact factor of 0.76 in July 2021; however, in December 2021 the impact factor was suspended as the journal did not meet certain Web of Science selection criteria. One was the Editorial Policy of the journal, though not present on the journal's website but was effective and operational in practice. Immediately, after consulting the Board of Management the Editorial Policy of JEB was uploaded on JEB's website. Thereafter, we also applied for COPE Membership. Journal is still under evaluation by WOS and recently, the journal been issued a Journal Citation Index of 0.13 by WOS. Likewise, soon we hope to receive COPE Membership also.
Polemik Pentafsiran Maqām Maḥmūd dan Penolakan Antropomorfisme dalam Kalangan Ahli Sunnah
Authors: Muhammad Noor Umar
Published: July 2022

Contrary to the majority of scholars who interprets maqām maḥmūd (Quran 17:79) as intercession, the Hanbalites of Baghdad opine that the phrase means “Muhammad will be seated beside God on the throne.” They based their interpretation on an athar (saying) of an early Quran exegete, Mujāhid bin Jabr (d. 104H/722AD). Due to its apparent anthropomorphic feature, this standpoint caused a polemic that contributed to a violent clash in 317H/929AD. The objective of this article is to present and highlight Hanbalites’ stance in the maqām maḥmūd polemic and examine their acceptance of the athār of Mujāhid against overwhelming criticisms. The library research was applied to acquire data from various tafsīr, hadith, and theology literature then qualitatively analyzed. This study finds that Hanbalites’ advocacy to the athar of Mujāhid is not mainly based on the validity of the argument. Instead, it is driven by their anti-kalam sentiment to manifest the traditionalists’ supremacy after the abolishment of miḥnah khalq al-Qur’an. Reciprocating the Jahmiyya’s rejection of all ṣifāt traditions, the Hanbalites radically concede every anthropomorphic expression in traditions including those found in inauthentic hadith and athar. This inclination invites criticism from other Sunni scholars who emphasize authenticity as the most indispensable aspect of theological discourse. Despite immense efforts by modern neo-Hanbalis in defending the athar of Mujāhid, many of them have joined their adversaries in rejecting its reliability as theological proof.
The Concept of Gender and Its Acceptability as a Category of Analysis in Economics: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Alsagoff Syed Redzuan , Golam Hassan Asan Ali , Wan Abdullah Wan Suhaimi
Published: July 2022

Changes in the understanding of gender are making it complicated to use gender as a category of analysis. Previously, it was generally accepted that gender is a binary category, comprising of male and female, based on clear biological distinction. Then came the idea that gender is a sociocultural construct. More recently, gender is said to be based on each person’s personal conception of himself or herself. These novel ideas have detached the meaning of gender from its biological foundation and have consequently made the concept of gender ambiguous and subjective, with theoretically infinite possible interpretations that can formulate an indeterminate number of genders. Such arbitrariness is unsuitable for scientific analysis. Accordingly, mainstream economists, in their aspiration to be scientific, have largely ignored these semantic developments and have continued to use the biologically defined binary categorisation of gender, presumably because of its practicality when used in economic analysis. From an Islamic perspective, economists are right to use such definition of gender, not because it is practical to do so, but because it conforms to reality and truth (ḥaqq) as revealed by religion. This article discusses these ideas as well as their history and interactions to show that from an Islamic perspective the number of genders is not indeterminate, nor is gender only practically binary, but it is really and truly binary in line with the worldview of Islam.
Implementasi Psikospiritual Islam Dalam Pembentukan Model Motivasi Pembangunan Diri Remaja
Authors: Paad Nur Shahidah , Syed Muhsin Sharifah Basirah , Zainal Abidin Mohd Syukri
Published: July 2022

Self-development is a lifelong process. The various negative influences and the abandonment of the psychospiritual aspect contribute to the volatile and declining motivation among the teenager, which later would obstruct their self-development process. Therefore, this research will propound solutions to the preceding issue by utilizing qualitative research design via content analysis. The finding indicates that the motivation intervention for the teenager’s self-development is complex and involves varying elements related to the informant self, spiritual, as well as social context. On that account, this research suggests a supplementary model of motivation that is more systematic and characterized with Islamic concept that corresponds with their psychological needs. Also, this model incorporates the fundamental element of Islamic psychospiritual such as akhlaq (virtue), the potential of al-ruh (soul), tazkiyah al-nafs (purification of the heart), and intention for the self-development of the teenager.
Epistemologizing the Islamic Concept of Resurrection in the Hereafter: A Comparative Study Between al-Ghazālī and Fazlur Rahman
Authors: Sibawaihi Sibawaihi
Published: July 2022

The study aims at investigating the epistemology of the concept of resurrection in the hereafter in the views of al-Ghazālī and Fazlur Rahman. This study used documents analysed descriptively and epistemologically. It was found that both figures admitted that resurrection in the hereafter occurs not only in the spirit but also in the body. However, al-Ghazālī’s conception was a dualism of body and soul, while Rahman believed that body and soul are inseparable entities. Epistemologically, al-Ghazālī used text, reason, and intuition as sources of knowledge while Rahman used only text and reason. Al-Ghazālī tended to apply the kalām and intuitive (mystical) methods, while Rahman was more concerned with the philosophical and kalām methods. Discussion by al-Ghazālī was undertaken in theological-metaphysical study of eschatology, while Rahman went beyond mere theological-metaphysical study in which he directed his study towards an ethical-anthropocentric discussion. This comparative study is essential for observing and developing Islamic thought and education