bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Acute Heat Stress on Haemato-biochemical Parameters, Oxidative Resistance Ability, and Immune Responses of Hybrid Yellow Catfish (Pelteobagrus Fulvidraco × P. Vachelli) Juveniles
Authors: Dagoudo Missinhoun , Mutebi Ezra Tumukunde , Qiang Jun , Tao Yi-Fan , Zhu Hao-Jun , Ngoepe Tlou Kevin , Xu Pao
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the effect of heat stress on the physiological parameters, oxidation resistance ability and immune responses in juvenile hybrid yellow catfish. Heat stress group exposed to 35°Cand control to 28°C. Blood and liver were sampled at different hours’ post-exposure. Results showed that red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) counts, Hemoglobin (HGB) levels and hematocrit (HCT) values increased significantly (P < 0.05) post-exposure to heat stress. This indicates the increase of cell metabolism. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, total cholesterol (TC), total protein (TP), triglyceride (TG) and glucose increased signiﬁcantly (P < 0.05) indicating the need to cope with stress and cell damage. Liver TC, TG, COR hormone, C3 complement increased significantly from 24h to 96h. Heat stress mostly affects the hepatic antioxidant and immune resistance functions, resulting in increments of cortisol levels, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities. The increase of Malondialdehyde (MDA), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) indicate stimulation of the immune responses to protect the liver cells from damage. The decrease in Liver TP indicated liver impairment. Decrease in Glycogen content from 6h to 96h indicated mobilization of more metabolites to cope with increased energy demand. Interestingly, results showed that heat stress trigged costly responses in the experimental fish like accelerated metabolism and deplete energy reserves, which could indirectly aﬀect ability of fish to set up eﬃcient long term defense responses against stress. These results provide insight into prevention and management of stress in juvenile hybrid yellow catfish.
Comparison of drug survival for Recurrent switching between IL-17 inhibitors and TNF- inhibitors in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: El-sherif Sherine , Abdelati Abeer Ali , Lotfy Nesma Ahmed , Elnemr Rehab Abdelaal
Published: November 2022

Objective: We aimed to ascertain survival rates of TNF-inhibitors and IL17-inhibitors therapy, as well as the reasons and potential predictors for drug discontinuation and switching in patients with axSpA.
Methods: A longitudinal observational retrospective study was carried out on 148 patients with a clinical diagnosis of axSpA and were on TNF or IL-17 inhibitors recruited from June 2021 to September 2022. Drug survival was recorded as well as the frequency of and reasons for switching biological therapy were reported. Two types of models were used to investigate factors associated with recurrence of switching treatment: Poisson regression (for number of times patients switched treatment) and Cox model for recurrent event (for time to recurrence of switching to another treatment).
Results: The initial biologic taken was IL17-i in 103 patients, and TNF-i in the remaining 45. Disease duration (P=0.01), BMI (P=0.021) and elevated faecal calprotectin (P=0.000), appeared to significantly increase the number of switching with a rate ratio of 1.05, 1.01 and 3.64 respectively. Median drug survival time for the initial, second, and third biologic lines showed no significant difference (P= 0.136) between the three. Elevated faecal calprotectin level was significantly associated with lower survival of IL17-i, (HR: 3.5; P: 0.000). For TNF-i, elevated faecal calprotectin level and higher BMI were significantly associated with lower survival (HR= 4.36 and 1.04 respectively).
Conclusions: IL17-i has proved to have comparable survival to TNF-i in the management of a real-life heterogeneous cohort of axSpA patients irrespective of line of treatment. Increased BMI and faecal calprotectin were predictors of decreased TNF-i survival. Whereas only faecal calprotectin predicted decreased IL17-i survival.
Ecological compensation mechanism in Chinese river basins: Evidence from the prefecture-level administrative regions
Authors: Xie Huiming , Zheng Yaoqi , Zhang Bingbing
Published: November 2022

Different from previous studies which focused on provincial governments as the subjects of ecological compensation, we study the city-based ecological compensation mechanism in Chinese river basins. The value of water ecosystem service equivalents calculated based on remote sensing data is used to judge whether a city is an ecological protector or an ecological destroyer. The results showed that as time changed, the value of the water ecosystem service equivalents of different cities changed differently, and in the mass, the number of cities as ecological protectors was increasing and the ecological protectors showed agglomeration effect in space. Cities located on the edge of more than one river basin may have "dual identity", which means that they may be ecological protector for one basin but ecological destroyer for another basin. In words, it provides an open analytical framework for compensation standard negotiation based on the value of water ecosystem service equivalents from the perspective of cities in the transboundary compensation both inside and outside the basin.
On exp and log distributions in extensive and nonextensive statistical mechanics
Authors: Tawfik Abdel Nasser , Aboanbar Ahmed , Ghoneim Amira
Published: November 2022

In statistical physics, the dominance of Boltzmann--Gibbs distribution seems to endow an impression that this would be the only statistical approach. Indeed, there is a large class of statistical approaches referring to various types of nonextensivity. For instance, $\log$ and $\exp$ distributions play a crucial role in extensive and nonextensive statistical mechanics. Emerging in a physical system, Maxwell--Boltzmann statistics (MB) defines extensive entropy which relates the number of microstates to thermodynamic quantities. In this regard, the Boltzmann distribution is nothing but a probability distribution. The various types of nonextensive statistics categorically violate the fourth Shannon--Khinchen additivity. We compare between $\log$ and $\exp$ distributions in MB, Tsallis, and generic statistics and studied their mathematical properties. We conclude that their compatibility exclusively depends on the nonextensivity parameters.
PACS numbers: 05.70.Ln, 05.65.+b
A new approach for clinical translation of infrared spectroscopy: exploitation of the signature of glioblastoma for general brain tumor recognition
Authors: Steiner Gerald , Galli Roberta , Preusse Grit , Michen Susanne , Meinhardt Matthias , Temme Achim , Sobottka Stephan B. , Juratli Tareq A. , Koch Edmund , Schackert Gabriele , Kirsch Matthias , Uckermann Ortrud
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has the potential for tumor delineation in neurosurgery. Previous research showed that IR spectra of brain tumors are generally characterized by reduced lipid-related and increased protein-related bands. Therefore, we propose the exploitation of these common spectral changes for brain tumor recognition. Methods: Attenuated total reflection IR spectroscopy was performed on fresh specimens of 790 patients within minutes after resection. Using principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis, a classification model was developed on a subset of glioblastoma (n = 135) and non-neoplastic brain (n = 27) specimens, and then applied to classify the IR spectra of several types of brain tumors. Results: The model correctly classified 82% (517/628) of specimens as “tumor” or “non-tumor”, respectively. While the sensitivity was limited for infiltrative glioma, this approach recognized GBM (86%), other types of primary brain tumors (92%) and brain metastases (92%) with high accuracy and all non-tumor samples were correctly identified. Conclusion: The concept of differentiation of brain tumors from non-tumor brain based on a common spectroscopic tumor signature will accelerate clinical translation of infrared spectroscopy and related technologies. The surgeon could use a single instrument to detect a variety of brain tumor types intraoperatively in future clinical settings. Our data suggests that this would be associated with some risk of missing infiltrative regions or tumors, but not with the risk of removing non-tumor brain.
Decision-making power among women of reproductive age towards family planning use and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study in Simiyu region, Tanzania
Authors: Mkuwa Serafina , Shirima Laura J , Misungwi Gaspery , Mushy Stella E. , Sirili Sirili Nathanael , Ngalesoni Frida N
Published: November 2022

Background
One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved by 2030 is to empower women in decision-making. It is universally agreeable that women's decision-making power influences their use of family planning. However, due to disparities in social and cultural norms and beliefs, the percentage of women with decision-making power varies across societies. Furthermore, unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions have remained a public health concern, with serious consequences such as death, physical and mental complications, as well as social and economic problems for a woman and her family
Objective
To assess women’s decision-making power towards contraceptive use and its associated factors in Simiyu region.
Methodology:
The study utilizes data from a cross-sectional study conducted by Amref Health Africa among women of reproductive age in the Simiyu region. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Stata 15 was used for data analysis. Categorical variables were summarized using frequency and percentage. The Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of women’s decision-making power across independent variables. To identify factors associated with women's decision-making power regarding contraceptive use, a multinomial logistic regression model was used.
Results
A total of 917 women were investigated. Of these, 304 (33.1%) reported making their own decision on contraceptive use, 421 (45.9%) made a joint decision with their spouse, and 192 (20.9%) had their decision made by another person. Age, marital status, previous use of contraceptives, husbands using force for sex, and family planning being considered as women's health issues were all associated with women's decision-making power.
Critical Windows of Exposure to Air pollution and Gestational Diabetes: Assessing Effect Modification by Maternal Pre-Existing Conditions and Environmental Factors
Authors: Miron-Celis Marcel , Talarico Robert , Villeneuve Paul J. , Crighton Eric , Stieb David M. , Stanescu Cristina , Lavigne Éric
Published: November 2022

Background Ambient air pollution has been associated with gestational diabetes (GD), but critical windows of exposure and whether maternal pre-existing conditions and other environmental factors modify the associations remains inconclusive.
Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all singleton live birth that occurred between April 1st 2006 and March 31st 2018 in Ontario, Canada. Ambient air pollution data (i.e., fine particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5μm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3)) were assigned to the study population in spatial resolution of approximately 1 km x 1 km. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Green View Index (GVI) were also used to characterize residential exposure to green space as well as the Active Living Environments (ALE) index to represent the active living friendliness. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the associations.
Results Among 1,310,807 pregnant individuals, 68,860 incident cases of GD were identified. We found the strongest associations between PM2.5 and GD in gestational weeks 7 to 18 (HR = 1.07 per IQR (2.7 µg/m3); 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.11)). For O3, we found two sensitive windows of exposure, with increased risk in the preconception period (HR = 1.03 per IQR increase (7.0 ppb) (95% CI: 1.01 – 1.06)) as well as gestational weeks 9 to 28 (HR 1.08 per IQR (95% CI: 1.04 –1.12)). We found that women with asthma were more at risk of GD when exposed to increasing levels of O3 (p- value for effect modification = 0.04). Exposure to air pollutants explained 20.1%, 1.4% and 4.6% of the associations between GVI, NDVI and ALE, respectively.
Conclusion An increase of PM2.5 exposure in early pregnancy and of O3 exposure during late first trimester and over the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with gestational diabetes whereas exposure to green space may confer a protective effect.
Efficient fully decoupled numerical schemes for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes phase field model
Authors: WU ZIBIN , YANG HUANHUAN
Published: November 2022

There are few fully decoupled, explicit but unconditionally stable numerical schemes for solving hydrodynamics coupled phase field models. In this paper, we propose two second-order, linear, fully decoupled schemes for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes phase field model based on the artificial compression method, the single / multiple scalar auxiliary variables approach, and a stabilization technique. Both schemes are proved to be unconditionally stable, and an efficient implementation only requires solving linear systems with a constant coefficient matrix at different time steps. Ample numerical experiments are performed to validate the accuracy, stability, and effciency of the proposed schemes.
Development of Novel Fouling-resistant Hollow Fibre Nanocomposite Membrane augmented with Iron oxide Nanoparticles for efficient Rejection of Bisphenol A from Water: Fouling, Permeability, and Mechanism Studies
Authors: Katibi Kamil Kayode , Yu Khairul Faezah Md , Man Hasfalina Che , Aris Ahmad Zaharin , Nor Mohd Zuhair Mohd , Azis Rabaah Syahidah , Goh Pei Sean , Zainuddin Norhazlin , Fauzi Ahmad Ismail
Published: November 2022

Recently, frequent discharge of water-ladened emerging organic pollutants such as Bisphenol A has generated serious concern owing to its harmful effects on public safety and the ecological environment. Hematite nanoparticles (Fe2O3) were synthesized via the sol-gel auto-combustion procedure and utilized as a nanofiller to fabricate a PVDF-PEG/Fe2O3 nanocomposite hollow fibre membrane with enhanced antifouling properties. A series of membranes comprising various loadings (1.0–2.0 wt.%) of Fe2O3 NPs were fabricated through the phase inversion technique and thoroughly analyzed. The developed Fe2O3-membrane fibres were thoroughly characterized. The performance of the membrane fibres was investigated through permeation flux, BPA rejection, as well as antifouling characteristics. Based on the results obtained, the resultant nanocomposite membrane fibres exhibited superior performance in comparison with the pristine fibre. Also, the nanocomposite membrane with 1.5 wt.%-Fe2O3 NPs exhibited remarkable performance with − 43.7 mV, 56.3º, 191.85 L/m2-h, 86.7%, and 12% of negatively charged zeta potential, least contact angle, water permeation flux, BPA rejection, and minimum weight loss, respectively. Besides, the 1.5 wt-Fe2O3 NPs nanocomposite membrane demonstrated superior antifouling performance after the third filtration, accomplishing a higher percent of FRR (77.35%) along with RFR of 21.29%, respectively. Hence, based on the performance of the fabricated hollow-fibre membranes loaded with Fe2O3 NPs, efficient antifouling membranes was achieved which can be suitably applied in the purification of industrial wastewater.
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) transfers conjugative plasmids containing blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 genes via outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)
Authors: Song Zhenli , Qin Yingcheng , Peng Yuan , Huang Mei , Hua Yuneng , Jiang Hongye , Hu Xiumei , Rui Yongyu
Published: November 2022

A carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strain, NFYY0065, was isolated from a fecal sample obtained from hospitalized patients in Nanfang hospital. By performing whole genome sequencing (WGS), we revealed that NFYY0065 harbored blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 genes, which were located on the IncX3 plasmid (pAN65-3) and IncHI2 plasmid (pAN65-1), respectively. Transfer of the blaNDM-5-bearing plasmid and mcr-1-bearing plasmid from NFYY0065 to Escherichia coli J53 conferred resistance to common beta-lactams and colistin on the transconjugants, respectively. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) obtained from the NFYY0065 strain were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Purified vesicles harboring the blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 genes were confirmed by PCR/sequencing, and these OMVs derived from the NFYY0065 strain were transformed into ATCC700603 strains. The transformants were grown on co-antimicrobial plates (4 µg/ml meropenem and 4 µg/ml colistin), and further PCR/sequencing demonstrated that transformants carried the IncX3 plasmid and IncHI2 plasmid consistent with the plasmids of the original strain. This study highlights two points. It is the first report of co-expression of the blaNDM-5-IncX3 plasmid and mcr-1-IncHI2 plasmid in CRKP, and of the transfer of plasmids containing blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 genes via OMVs.
Real-Time Calibration of Disaggregated Traffic Demand
Authors: Pourmoradnasseri Mozhgan , Khoshkhah Kaveh , Hadachi Amnir
Published: November 2022

Real-time traffic demand estimation is essential for intelligent transportation systems and traffic forecasting in urban areas. Hence, this paper presents a simulation-based optimization framework for city-scale real-time estimation and calibration of dynamic demand models by focusing on disaggregated microsimulation in congested networks. The calibration approach is based on sequential optimization demand estimation for short time frames and uses a stream of traffic count data from IoT sensors on selected roads.
The proposed method builds upon the standard bi-level optimization formulation. The upper-level optimization problem is presented as a bounded variable quadratic programming in each time frame, making it computationally tractable. The DTA (dynamic traffic assignment) problem at the lower level is approached based on the stochastic route choice model.
For every time frame, the probabilistic parameters of the route choice model are obtained through several rounds of feedback loop between the OD optimization problem (at the upper level) and parallel samplings and simulations for DTA (at the lower level). At the end of each time frame, the microsimulation state of the network is transferred to the next time frame to ensure the temporal dependency and continuity of the estimations during the time. In addition, the algorithm's convergence is accelerated by applying the fixed-point method to road-segment travel times.

The proposed sequential calibration model presents a drastic computational advantage over available methods by splitting the computations into short time frames and under the assumption that the demand in each time frame only depends on current and previous time frames. The model does not depend on reliable prior demand information. Moreover, with receiving the field measurements as a stream and the efficient time complexity of the algorithm in each time frame, the method successfully presents a solution for high-dimensional real-time and online applications.
We validated the method with synthetic data and for a real-world case study in Tartu city, Estonia. The results show high accuracy under a tight computational budget.
Efficiency Dynamics and Productivity Analysis of Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh
Authors: Sanusi Olajide , Adeeko Omotara
Published: November 2022

In this study we use the stochastic frontier model in estimating total factor productivity (TFP) growth and technical efficiencies for manufacturing industries in Bangladesh by using surveys collected during five rounds in 1982/83, 1984/85, 1988/89, 2005/06 and 2012. To detect the source of growth, we further decompose Total Factor Productivity growth into efficiency growth, scale component, and technological progress. Our result establishes that, on average, technical efficiency was 80%, noting that the export focused industries are comparatively more efficient than non-export focused industries. Furthermore, medium, and large-scale industries have a lower TFP growth than small scale industries. Furthermore, the Total Factor Productivity growth estimations shows that productivity in the manufacturing industries in Bangladesh was approximately 5.5% in the review period illustrating that technological progress is a major driver of growth. Additionally, this study provides evidence on the likelihood of TFP growth convergence over time among the manufacturing industries in Bangladesh.

JEL classification: D24; O14
Revolutionary Committees in Siberia during the Civil War: National Historiography
Authors: Kurenkov A. V.
Published: November 2022

This article reviews domestic approaches to the issue of the revolutionary committees in Siberia during the Civil War, e.g., their genesis, development, status, structure, forms, methods, activities, social and party composition, interaction with each other and the Russian Communist Party, the transfer of power to the Soviets and Executive Committee, etc. Soviet historians were unanimous in their positive assessment of the revolutionary committees as the organs of proletariat dictatorship that waged a relentless struggle against class enemies and defended the revolutionary progress. However, this approach resulted from the rigid ideological guidelines of the Soviet period. The collapse of the communist ideology liberated the domestic historical science from the comprehensive control of the Party and state organs. Post-Soviet historians expanded the range of methodological approaches and principles, which allowed them to take a new perspective of the Siberian revolutionary committees. They were able to clarify the motives behind the revolutionary committees, determine their place in the system of Bolshevik power, identify their relationship with higher Party and Soviet structures, reveal the level of education and qualifications of their leaders and members, etc. The topic of the Siberian revolutionary committees has received enough scientific attention. However, some gaps still remain, e.g., staff structure, the exact mechanism of their interaction with the Party, their influence on the political, social, economic, and cultural development of Siberia, etc.
Absurdist Drama and Its Academical Reception in Russian and Western Literary Criticism
Authors: Zhilichev P. E.
Published: November 2022

This paper attempts to identify and systematize the main approaches to the theater of absurd and absurdist drama in Western and Russian literary studies. The term theater of the absurd was originally introduced by Martin Esslin. This concept has become a common denominator and refers to the dramatic work of such famous authors as Samuel Beckett, Eugène Ionesco, Harold Pinter, Arthur Adamov, and Jean Genet. Martin Esslin and his followers brought in several important features into the absurdist drama, i.e., alogism, disjointed communication, wordplay (Patrice Pavis), etc. They attempted to conceptualize the theater of the absurd as a part of a broader typological unit, e.g., Michael Bennett’s theater of parabola. Russian scholars and critics have developed a range of important concepts as well. They see absurd as a violation of basic rules of communication (Olga Revzina, Isaac Revzin). The Union of Real Art (Mikhail Yampolskiy, Dmitry Tokarev) focuses on the principle of serialized eventfulness. Others concentrate on the meta-descriptive nature of absurd (Evgenyi Kluev) and develop the concept of absurdity as a picture of the world (Olga Burenina-Petrova). Both in Western and Russian studies, the conceptualization of the theater of the absurd follows two opposite poles: absurd can be interpreted as either a linguistic phenomenon (deconstruction of communication), or as a certain way of human existence. During the 1980–2000s, post-structuralist philosophy played a major role in the re-thinking of the absurd, while the interaction of philosophical and literary approaches determined the principles of historical aesthetics. As suggested by contemporary researchers, the discourse of the absurdist drama has the following features: deconstruction of cultural codes; actualization of the archaic basis of theater; parodying literal and theatrical conventions; problematization of the semiotic linkage (sign and its referent); depiction of mosaic consciousness and unstable cosmos.
Application of the SWAT model to assess climate and land use/cover change impacts on water balance components of the Kabul River Basin, Afghanistan
Authors: Ougahi Jamal Hassan , Karim Shahid , Mahmood Syed Amer
Published: November 2022

Hydrological models play a key role in simulating and assessing climate and land use/cover (LULC) change impacts on hydrology in a watershed. In this study, the impact of climate and LULC change was investigated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The simulated and observed streamflow showed a good agreement. Both Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were found to be greater than 0.7 during the calibration (1985–2002) and validation (2003–2012) period. The water balance components were simulated with inputs from downscaled Global Climate Models (GCMs) data (i.e., future scenario (2030–2100) relative to a baseline period (1974–2004)) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, and hypothetical generated LULC change scenarios. All GCMs projected an increase in temperature over the Kabul River Basin (KRB), whereas there was a lack of agreement on projected precipitation among GCMs under both emission and future scenarios. Water yield (WYLD) and evapotranspiration (ET) were projected to decrease in the 21st century. Average annual WYLD was projected to increase under the agriculture-dominant scenario, whereas it decreased under forest and grassland-dominant scenarios. These results are valuable for relevant agencies and stakeholders to adopt measures to counter the negative impacts of climate and LULC change on water resources.
La migración como fuente de vulneración de los derechos humanos de la niñez
Authors: Sánchez-García Georgina , Chávez-Santamaría Paula , Montenegro Núñez María del Carmen , Lusk Mark W
Published: November 2022

Las problemáticas derivadas del fenómeno de la migración en la ruta a Estados Unidos han rebasado las respuestas, tanto de los países de origen como de tránsito, lo que impacta a la niñez que migra y que vive expuesta al riesgo de sufrir violaciones a sus derechos humanos. Con el fin de contribuir a una investigación que sea sensible de sus necesidades es que el presente estudio recuperó las voces de 34 niñas y 42 niños —originarios de México y el norte de Centroamérica—de enero a julio de 2021 con el propósito de explorar sus condiciones de vulnerabilidad y lo experimentado durante el tránsito por México. A través de sus testimonios se dio cuenta de las experiencias y repercusiones emocionales derivadas de condiciones como inseguridad, violencia y pobreza que viven a lo largo de su ruta y que merman su derecho a una vida óptima.
Crystallization and preliminary diffraction studies of a human fabµ with Anti-I activity
Authors: Polikarpov I. , Cauerhff A. , Mathov I. , Abatangelo C. , Plotkin L. , Goldbaum F.A. , Leoni J.
Published: November 2022

An Fabµ from a human monoclonal cold agglutinin (KAU) was obtained by tryptic digestion and purified to homogeneity by FPLC. Crystals were grown by hanging drop vapour diffusion technique against mother liquor containing Sodium Hepes pH 7.5, and PEG 8000 as precipitant. Crystals were found to
belong to the trigonal space group P312l(P3221) with the cell parameters a=b=ll4.233 A, c=l72.787 A. The
crystals diffracted at least to 2_8 A resolution at a synchrotron beamline.
Selection of Peptide Ligands for A-1 Antitrypsin from a Phage Display Library
Authors: Fassina Giorgio , Palombo Giovanna , Dani Maria
Published: November 2022

An eptapeptide phage library was used to isolate peptides interacting specifically with a-1 antitrypsin through a subtractive biopanning procedure. The peptide ligand identified after three selection cycles [SITPLVH] was chemically synthesized in a tetrameric form and analyzed for its capacity to recognize a-1 antitrypsin by ELISA assays. Multimeric ligand immobilization on solid supports for the preparation of a'°ffinity columns proved useful for the purification of a-1 antitrypsin in the presence of large amounts of albumin.
Construction of IMMS Containing Multi-site Liposomes for Dynamic Monitoring of
Blood CTC in Patients with Osimertinib-resistant Non-small-cell Lung Cancer and its
Mechanism
Authors: Li Bixun , Chen Xiaoju , Luo Ling , Lu Yanyan , Qiu Ye , Liang Jie , Chen Yulin , Ning Yufang
Published: November 2022

Objective:

This article aims to establish a liquid biopsy system for gene detection of circulating tumor cells
(CTC) in lung cancer, systematically analyze the significance of osimertinib resistance, and formulate an individualized
diagnosis and treatment plan.

Methods:

Liposome-contained magnetic microspheres coated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by microemulsion,
and the surface was modified with EGFR antibody to form EGFR/EpCAM multi-site liposome-contained
immunomagnetic microspheres (IMMSs). The CTCs were isolated and identified from peripheral blood samples and
the cell lines of lung cancer patients collected by the multi-site liposome-contained IMMSs. To investigate the effects
of the order of use of IMMSs sequence at different sites on the sorting and trapping efficiency of non-small-cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) cells . The preliminary verification of drug-resistant gene function and dynamic monitoring of CTCs
in 20 patients with EGFR-positive NSCLC were screened and statistically analyzed before and after osimertinib treatment.
Sensitivity analysis and drug resistance evaluation of oxitidine were detected in vitro.

Results:

Results showed the prepared multi-site liposome-contained IMMSs had high stability and specificity. The
number of CTCs in blood samples of the patients with NSCLC was detected, revealing high sorting efficiency, and
positive sorting rate reaching more than 90%. We investigated the effect of osimertinib on the HER-2 expression on
the EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells and found that osimertinib increased the expression of HER-2 on the cell surface of
NSCLC cell lines., And further explored the therapeutic potential of osimertinib combined with T-DM1 at different
dosing times.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrate that the prepared multi-site liposome-contained IMMSs can efficiently isolate
CTCs from the peripheral blood in lung cancer. Combined with the experimental data about osimertinib can be effectively
identified, the resistant genes of NSCLC including EGFR, which will provide a new scientific basis for guiding
clinical medication and formulating individualized treatment plans.
Hydrogen Oxidizing Bacteria as Novel Protein Source for Human Consumption: An Overview
Authors: Angenent Suzanne C. , Schuttinga Josje H. , van Efferen Merel F. H. , Kuizenga Boaz , van Bree Bart , van der Krieken Robin O. , Verhoeven Tim J. , Wijffels Rene H.
Published: November 2022

The increasing threat of climate change combined with the prospected growth in the world population puts an enormous pressure on the future demand for sustainable protein sources for human consumption. In this review, hydrogen oxidizing bacteria (HOB) are presented as a novel protein source that could play a role in fulfilling this future demand. HOB are species of bacteria that merely require an inflow of the gasses hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and a nitrogen source to grow in a conventional bioreactor. Cupriavidus necator is proposed as HOB for industrial cultivation due to its remarkably high protein content (up to 70% of mass), suitability for cultivation in a bioreactor, and the vast amount of available background information. A broad overview of the unique aspects of the bacteria will be provided, from the production process, amino acid composition, and source of the required gasses to the future acceptance of HOB into the market.
Application of Functional Bionic Technologies on Micropumps
Authors: Zhou Peijian , Wei Shang , Shu Lingfeng , Gao Shuyu , Mou Jiegang
Published: November 2022

Background:

Bionics applied to micropumps is the most advanced technology currently accessible. The widespread use of microfluidic transport technology in fields like drug delivery and chemical analysis has made it a current research hotspot. As a core component in the microfluidic transport process, the micropump is a key part of the breakthrough.

Objective:

The study aims to summarize the engineering applications of various bionic micropumps in order to serve as a resource for future research in related fields.

Methods:

Study the application of bionic technologies that mimic fish tail fin oscillation, female mosquito blood sucking, honeybee nectar ingestion, and plant stomatal transpiration in various micropumps by sorting out typical research results.

Results:

This study examines the current state of bionic micropumps research and problems, as well as anticipates the future direction of functional bionic technology in micropumps.

Conclusion:

In this paper, we review the functional bionic technology used in micropumps and study some of the physiological processes of specific creatures from a biological perspective. We also show how effectively using bionic design can enhance the overall functionality of micropumps. However, man's knowledge of the natural world is still very limited. Functional bionics technology will shine in the area of engineering application as a result of the investigation of materials, processing technology, and biological principles.
The Research of Improved Mean-Shift Algorithm used in Rapid Localization
of Electromagnetic Objects under Specific Geographical Environment
Authors: hui Xue Guang , Wei Lv Jun
Published: November 2022

Background:

The need for electromagnetic target positioning has grown increasingly
important in recent years, especially in the field of communication, navigation and other electromagnetic
fields.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to find a method for electromagnetic target location in different
geographical environment and improve the positioning accuracy of the electromagnetic target
in specific geographical environments effectively.

Methods:

This paper has proposed an improved Mean-shift Algorithm that can be used in the rapid
localization of electromagnetic objects under specific geographical environments. The paper also
analyses different interference source power prediction algorithms and gives out the analysis results
of the different algorithms. Parameter adjustments of mean shift algorithm are also given out, and
the related process in detail is presented.

Results:

Through the suppression jamming source location experiment, the proposed method can be
used in the rapid localization of electromagnetic objects under specific geographical environment,
and its characteristics are better than other localization algorithms.

Conclusion:

The proposed algorithm is suitable for the location of the electromagnetic target in a
specific geographical environment, and its accuracy is greatly improved compared with the traditional
method.
Amlodipine and Diltiazem Significantly Repress Human Rotavirus
Infection In Vitro
Authors: Tavakoli Ahmad , Khales Pegah , Keyvani Hossein , Ataei-Pirkooh Angila , Saghafi Mohammad Mehdi , Bokharaei-Salim Farah , Ghorbani Saied , Monavari Seyed Hamidreza , Kiani Seyed Jalal , Esghaei Maryam , Farahmand Mohammad , Sayyahfar Shirin , Khanaliha Khadijeh , Habib Zahra
Published: November 2022

Background:

Considering the role of calcium in the replication and morphogenesis of rotaviruses, it is hypothesized that decreased cytosolic calcium levels by using calcium channel blockers can subsequently interfere with rotavirus replication.

Objective:

The present study investigated the effects of two calcium ion channel blockers, amlodipine and diltiazem, against human rotavirus infection.

Methods:

Cytotoxic effects of the drugs on MA-104 cells were evaluated using the neutral red assay. The effects of amlodipine and diltiazem at non-toxic concentrations on human rotavirus were examined using cytopathic effect inhibition, TCID50, and real-time PCR assays.

Results:

The highest inhibitory effect was obtained at concentrations of 0.5 μg/ml of amlodipine and 3 μg/ml of diltiazem, leading to 4.6 and 5.5 logarithmic reductions in infectious rotavirus titer and four- and a five-fold increase in the Ct values compared to the virus control, respectively (p-value <0.001). Conversely, infectious rotavirus titers were significantly elevated compared to the virus control at concentrations above 0.9 μg/ml of amlodipine and above 25 μg/ml of diltiazem.

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that in addition to cardiovascular diseases, calcium channel blockers at their optimal doses may also be used to treat gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus infection
Subsets of the Population Benefitting from the Pandemic: What Policies and Practices Should be Arranged to Sustainably Maintain Beneficiaries’ Mental Health (Preprint)
Authors: Hung Jason
Published: November 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Here researchers have the disposition to engage in the scholarly discourse on how the pandemic adversely influenced individuals’ mental health and what remedies should be exercised in response to the mental health challenges. There is a shortage of scholarly discussion about who benefitted from the occurrence of the pandemic. Mancini et al. argued that the pandemic benefitted the social and mental health functioning of a subset of the population, despite the pandemic causing considerable risks of harm to mental health. In this essay, the author summarises relevant findings and arguments to present which subsets of the population benefitted at school, at home, and in the workplace during the pandemic. Although COVID-19 is no longer deemed a pandemic, many by-products of the public health crisis, including the encouragement of remote work and studies, remain. In this essay, by understanding who benefitted from the pandemic and why, the author can evaluate if any public policies formed in response to the pandemic should be kept in the long run in order to maximise individuals’ mental health.
Peculiarities of using personal continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents
Authors: Velychko V.I. , Lahoda D.O. , Amirova G.Yu. , Bazhora Ya.I. , Shapovalov O.O. , Shpak O.A. , Sydor O.M.
Published: November 2022

Recent data from the International Diabetes Federation indicated that at least 500,000 children aged 14 to 18 years worldwide have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Currently, there is no cure for T1DM, so the goal of therapy is to achieve and maintain optimal glucose levels, in particular, using insulin therapy, physical activity, and diet. Studies of more than 20,000 children with T1DM have shown the benefits of self-monitoring of glucose levels for episodic glycemic control and long-term reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The purpose of our study was to investigate the specifics of using personal continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in adolescents. Materials and methods. According to the design, the study included 22 patients (12 adolescents and 10 children) aged 8 to 16 years who were diagnosed with T1DM. Questionnaires offered included the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, the PedsQL Diabetes Module, the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-II, and the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ). Results. Before the installation of personal CGM systems, patients had average indicators of emotional, social and role functioning. It was noted that these indicators significantly increased in response to the use of personal CGM (p < 0.05 each), while the parameter of physical functioning did not change significantly (р > 0.05). We did not find a significant correlation between the level of HbA1c and the total score on the DTSQ (ρ = 0.13; p > 0.05). This indicates that satisfaction with treatment is not necessarily related to glycemic control. It was found that children who previously used personal CGM were more compliant with further use of personal CGM (p < 0.05). Among the most frequent drawbacks related to the use of personal CGM, children and their parents mentioned: discomfort from the sensor (62.19 %), the need for calibration, i.e. measuring the glucose level using a portable glucometer (58.61 %), stigmatization of the child who wears the sensor by the surrounding society (47.83 %). Conclusions. In our opinion, the use of personal CGM is appropriate and can be recommended for patients with a newly diagnosed T1DM and with a history of the disease in order to optimize therapy, improve the patient’s awareness of disease control, and increase compliance both in terms of communication with the doctor and general treatment.
Modern patterns of eating behavior in children
Authors: Stoieva T.V. , Dzhagiashvili O.V. , Prokhorova S.V. , Godlevska T.L. , Larionov O.P. , Stukanova S.G.
Published: November 2022

Background. Nowadays, increasingly greater attention is paid to the problem of nutrition as a key factor in influencing a child’s health and development. Eating disorders can be observed already in early childhood, from the newborn period. Purpose: to study the modern patterns of eating behavior in children taking into account the age aspect. Material and methods. One hundred and thirty-eight children aged 6 months to 12 years were examined. The examination was anonymous and involved the use of the original questionnaire for parents, which consisted of 70 questions. Results. During the study, the peculiarities of eating behavior in children of different age were evaluated. In the newborn period, 5 main types of eating behavior were analyzed, which differed by the breastfeeding act, and there was a connection with the further development of functional digestive disorders. In infants, 3 main groups of eating disorders have been detected: regime disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders, early termination of breastfeeding. Eating habits within the first 1,000 days were characterized by naughtiness in a third of children, the use of entertainment during meals, refusal to eat at the proper time. In older children, the general characteristics of the diet, family food habits and taste preferences, as well as the family’s cultural and educational level had a considerable influence on the formation of eating behavior. Conclusions. The identification of modern nutritional patterns, taking into account the age aspect and the set of factors affecting the formation, development and occurrence of eating behavior deviations, allows timely preventing the development of pathological conditions and determining the further approaches to the formation of healthy eating habits.
Вікові особливості ефектів мультипотентних мезенхімальних стромальних клітин жирової тканини мишей при експериментальному паркінсонізмі та зміни впливу клітин від старіючих донорів при використанні екзогенного мелатоніну
Authors: Labunets I.F. , Utko N.O. , Panteleymonova T.V. , Kyryk V.M. , Kharkevych Yu.O. , Rodnichenko A.Ye.
Published: November 2022

Актуальність. Трансплантація мультипотентних мезенхімальних стромальних клітин жирової тканини (ММСК-ЖТ) при хворобі Паркінсона/паркінсонізмі є перспективним напрямком терапії. На ефекти таких клітин можуть впливати вік донора і біологічно активні чинники. Мета дослідження: дослідити й порівняти вплив ММСК-ЖТ мишей різного віку на показники поведінки, оксидативного стресу й число макрофагів у головному мозку старіючих мишей з експериментальною моделлю паркінсонізму; оцінити зміни ефектів клітин від донорів старшого віку під впливом гормону мелатоніну. Матеріали та методи. Об’єкт: миші лінії 129/Sv дорослі (5–6 міс.) і старіючі (15–17 міс.). Старіючим мишам одноразово вводили нейротоксин 1-метил-4-феніл-1,2,3,6-тетрагідропіридин (МФТП), а через 17 діб у хвостову вену трансплантували ММСК-ЖТ дорослих або старіючих мишей-донорів у дозі 700 тис. клітин. Частина мишей отримувала ММСК-ЖТ старіючих донорів у комбінації з мелатоніном. Оцінювали показники поведінки в тестах «відкрите поле», на ригідність і ротарод-тесті; у головному мозку досліджували вміст макрофагів, малонового діальдегіду, активність антиоксидантних ферментів. Результати. Під впливом МФТП (група контролю) число квадратів, стійок, болюсів, заглядань у нірки, довжина кроку стають суттєво меншими, ніж в інтактній групі, а м’язовий тонус — вищим; у головному мозку зростає вміст макрофагів, малонового діальдегіду і падає активність каталази, глутатіонредуктази. Після трансплантації ММСК-ЖТ дорослих донорів число квадратів, болюсів і довжина кроку відповідають значенням інтактних тварин, а число заглядань у нірки стає вищим, ніж у групі тільки з МФТП; у головному мозку число макрофагів зменшується до рівня інтактних мишей. Позитивні зміни вищезгаданих показників поведінки після трансплантації ММСК-ЖТ старіючих донорів аналогічні тим, які були після введення клітин дорослих донорів, проте їх вираженість менша; у головному мозку число макрофагів стає вищим, ніж в інтактній і контрольній групах. Після введення ММСК-ЖТ старіючих мишей у комбінації з мелатоніном число заглядань у нірки, довжина кроку й ширина стопи більші, ніж показники групи тільки з цими клітинами; у головному мозку суттєво зменшується число макрофагів, а також відновлюється активність каталази й глутатіонредуктази. Висновки. У старіючих мишей із МФТП-моделлю паркінсонізму позитивні ефекти ММСК-ЖТ залежать від віку донора і більш виражені в клітин дорослих мишей. Комбінація ММСК-ЖТ старіючих донорів з мелатоніном підсилює їх вплив на показники поведінки, зменшує приріст числа макрофагів і відновлює активність низки антиоксидантних ферментів у головному мозку.
The Main Body and Legal Basis of American Graduate Degree Awarding Authority
Authors: Yang Zhaohui , Li Haiyan
Published: November 2022

The right to confer postgraduate degrees is involved a key measure to universities and its students. Nations in the world pay a very high attention to postgraduate education and play it core role. As we known, U.S. has rich resources and great influences in the field of higher education worldwide. And there are many students from all over the world to enroll American universities to study for master or doctor degree. Although the degree is divided into curriculum and paper degree, the quality of both are strictly regulated and guaranteed in the United States. The main body has become different types of universities and diversity pattern in the course of developing. The right to award degree was struggled by universities in the development of history, and it is a part of its charter. In the process, the legitimacy of awarding degree gradually was established. As so far, it is known as an important measure for the development of universities and students. There are different bodies of the right to grant graduate degrees in American universities, and the methods of obtaining graduate degrees are also different. How to ensure that the right to confer university degrees is not affected by the government and its actions? This paper will explicit from the point view of legal basis.