bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abordagem hierárquica da gramaticalização de construções clivadas em interrogativas de conteúdo
Authors: Fontes Michel Gustavo
Published: April 2018

Este artigo objetiva contribuir com o delineamento de uma abordagem hierárquica da gramaticalização. Para tanto, a atenção se volta para a estrutura das interrogativas de conteúdo do português, especificamente para a clivagem do constituinte interrogativo por meio da construção-é que e da construção -que. Com base no aparato teórico-metodológico da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008), são distinguidos, na diacronia do português, quatro padrões de estruturação das clivadas nas interrogativas de conteúdo. A partir disso, este trabalho defende que a emergência da construção-é que e da construção-que, nas interrogativas de conteúdo do português, representa um caso de gramaticalização e aponta para mecanismos de análise que, no interior da GDF, dão conta de abordar hierarquicamente tal processo de mudança linguística.
Marcadores metadiscursivos multimodais nos verbetes de dicionários de aprendizagem de inglês
Authors: Ribeiro Lorena Américo , Pontes Antônio Luciano
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo, são analisados recursos multimodais que desempenham a função metadiscursiva de diferenciadores das informações que compõem os verbetes dos dicionários de aprendizagem monolíngues Oxford Essential Dictionary (2009) e Collins COBUILD Illustrated Basic Dictionary of American English (2010). O estudo baseia-se em Kress e van Leeuwen (2006[1996]), no que diz respeito à teoria da multimodalidade dos textos; em Pontes (2009), no que se refere à elaboração multimodal do verbete; em van Leeuwen (2005), no que concerne ao conceito de contraste visual; e em Hyland (1998, 2000, 2007, 2017), no que tange aos estudos sobre o metadiscurso. Como critério para seleção dos verbetes dos dicionários, foram escolhidos exemplares representativos de cada tipo de marcação diferenciadora. Conclui-se que, em ambos os dicionários, elementos não verbais diversos desempenham um papel distintivo: tipos e tamanho de letras, cores, números, símbolos, sinais de pontuação e enquadres. Por fim, o usuário deverá compreender a função desses elementos, a fim de localizar a informação específica que procura no interior do verbete.
Tensividade e intersubjetividade no conto “A menina de lá”, de Primeiras estórias
Authors: Lima Eliane Soares de
Published: April 2018

Com base nos apontamentos feitos por Luiz Tatit nas análises realizadas em seu livro Semiótica à luz de Guimarães Rosa, e também em outros textos seus, nosso intuito é o de examinar e descrever a configuração tensiva que subjaz ao conto “A menina de lá”.  Interessa explicitar as operações sintáxicas que estão na base da estruturação narrativa e discursiva da trama e que, por isso mesmo, respondem pela sua força de convocação sensível-inteligível. Ao que nos parece, por meio da construção das personagens dessa narrativa, Rosa traz valiosas contribuições acerca das condições que regulam a interação entre os sujeitos.
Crop Diversification Strategy to Improve Economic Value in Brazilian Sugarcane Production
Authors: Borba de Moraes Farinelli Juliana , Lopes Santos David Ferreira , Fernandes Carolina , Honorato Fernandes Mariele Monique , Flavio da Silva Matheus
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

The authors evaluated economically different treatments for sugarcane renewal.

The authors present the impact of the diversification on sugarcane production on venture risk.

The authors used the real options theory with a polynomial approach to model the managerial flexibility in exchanging sugarcane with soybean.

Crop diversity is beneficial to rural properties in terms of reducing business risks and increasing agricultural revenues. In sugarcane (Saccharum spp) farming, crop diversity using rotation or succession planting remains a paradigm for rural producers, largely because the productive cycle of sugarcane differs from that of annual crops, obliging farmers to grow it for between 4 and 6 yr to compensate for the high initial investment in planting. Sugarcane producers in Brazil only plant another crop at the end of the cycle to renew the plantation. The present study questions this paradigm by using the real options theory to capture the value of managerial flexibility in diversifying production to minimize risk and increase revenue by alternating between sugarcane and soybean (Glycine max) crops, considering a polynomial model that combines market and yield volatility. To that end, the research data were based on an experiment performed over 6 yr using different sugarcane succession systems on a rural property in the region of Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Results suggest that succession planting of soybean/crotalaria/soybean/sugarcane exhibited the best agronomic and economic–financial performance and that diversifying crops using the portfolio theory increased the value of the project. Greater return on investment was obtained by replacing sugarcane with soybean, making it possible to opt for the crop change at the third cane cutting, a completely new scenario in Brazil, the largest sugarcane producer in the world.
Effects of Subsurface Banding and Broadcast of Poultry Litter and Cover Crop on Soil Microbial Populations
Authors: Brooks John P. , Tewolde Haile , Adeli Ardeshir , Shankle Mark W. , Way Thomas R. , Smith Renotta K. , Pepper Ian L.
Published: April 2018

Agronomic management is aimed at managing the crop environment to maximize crop yield, but soil biology is often ignored. This study aimed to compare the application of poultry litter via broadcast and subsurface banding versus standard inorganic fertilizer to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their effects on soil bacterial populations and fecal indicator bacteria. The study comprised a randomized complete block design, with fertilizer and time of application as treatment effects and cover crop as a main effect. Soil cores were collected and analyzed from 2008 to 2014. Fecal indicator bacteria were at detection limits for all treatments, where the integron 1 gene was significantly elevated in litter plots. There were few differences between litter application approaches, but both significantly increased key biogeochemical genes over control plots, whereas a cover crop only increased soil moisture and urease C. Data suggested a positive residual effect of litter application with 16S, phosphatase A, and urease C genes elevated over controls, but similar to standard fertilizer plots. High‐throughput 16S ribosomal RNA analysis suggested increased diversity and enrichment indices in litter and standard fertilizer over untreated control plots. Litter and standard fertilizer effects persisted 4 and 2 yr after application, respectively, as evidenced by residual library community structures. This study demonstrated the positive effects of litter application on the soil bacterial community when compared with untreated control plots. Some differences between standard fertilization and litter practices were noted and suggest that there is a positive residual effect on soil microbial populations associated with both practices.

Core Ideas

Poultry litter application changed microbial populations in soil.

Standard fertilization and poultry litter had residual effects on microbial population.

Key biogeochemical genes were increased as a result of fertilization with litter.

Fecal indicator bacteria were not readily detectable in litter or soil.

Application of litter has long‐term desirable effects on soil.
Phosphorus Sorption to Aluminum‐based Water Treatment Residuals Reacted with Dairy Wastewater: 2. X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Massey Michael S. , Zohar Iris , Ippolito James A. , Litaor M. Iggy
Published: April 2018

Phosphorus capture from wastewater can decrease water pollution and provide a P‐rich fertilizer alternative for use in agricultural production. This study was conducted to elucidate P retention mechanisms in Al‐based water treatment residuals (Al‐WTR) to gain insight regarding P sorption and the potential for P release from Al‐WTR after reaction with dairy wastewater. Synchrotron‐based microfocused X‐ray fluorescence (micro‐XRF) spectrometry, bulk P K‐edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), and P K‐edge micro‐XANES spectroscopy were used to determine P distribution and speciation within the Al‐WTR materials. Bulk XANES analyses indicated a shift from ∼56 P atom % Ca‐associated P in the initial Al‐WTR to ∼32% P atom % Ca‐associated P after reaction with wastewater; Al‐associated P made up the remainder of the P species. According to XANES analyses, adsorption appeared to be the primary P retention mechanism in the Al‐WTR materials. However, micro‐XANES analyses depicted a more complicated picture of P retention mechanisms, with regions of primarily Al‐associated P, regions of primarily Ca‐associated P, regions of mixed Al‐ and Ca‐associated P, and distinct apatite‐ or octocalcium phosphate‐like P grains. Synchrotron micro‐XRF mapping further suggested that exposure of the aggregate exteriors to wastewater caused P to diffuse into the porous Al‐WTR aggregates. Organic P species were not explicitly identified via P K‐edge XANES despite high organic matter content, suggesting that organic P may have been predominantly associated with mineral surfaces. Although diffusion and sorption to Al may decrease P bioavailability, Ca‐associated P may increase P bioavailability from Al‐WTR that is reused as a soil amendment.

Core Ideas

XAS provided unambiguous evidence of P associations with Al and Ca in water treatment residuals.

Phosphorus adsorbed to Al and Ca surfaces in Al‐based water treatment residuals.

Grains of apatite‐ or octocalcium phosphate‐like P were found in water treatment residuals.

Phosphorus diffused into aggregates on reaction with P‐rich wastewater.

Evidence from electron microscopy and XRD complemented these findings.
Identifying and Eliminating Sources of Recreational Water Quality Degradation along an Urban Coast
Authors: Nevers Meredith B. , Byappanahalli Murulee N. , Shively Dawn , Buszka Paul M. , Jackson P. Ryan , Phanikumar Mantha S.
Published: April 2018

Restoration of highly degraded urban coastal waters often requires large‐scale, complex projects, but in the interim, smaller‐scale efforts can provide immediate improvements to water quality conditions for visitor use. We examined short‐term efforts to improve recreational water quality near the Grand Calumet River (GC) in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Identified as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the International Joint Commission, the GC has experienced years of industrial and municipal waste discharges, and as a result, coastal beaches have some of the highest rates of beach closings (>70%) in the United States. Project objectives were to identify sources of microbial contamination and to evaluate a short‐term management solution to decrease beach closings: during 2015 (partial) and 2016 (season‐long), canines were used to deter gull presence. Water samples were analyzed for Escherichia coli in 2015 and 2016, and fecal sources were evaluated using microbial source tracking markers (2015): human (Bacteroides HF183, Methanobrevibacter nifH), gull (Gull2), and dog (DogBact). Hydrometeorological conditions were simultaneously measured. Results indicated that human, gull, and canine fecal sources were present, with gulls being the dominant source. Escherichia coli densities were highly correlated with number of gulls present, Gull2 marker, and turbidity. Gull deterrence decreased E. coli and Gull2 marker detection during 2015, but numbers rebounded after program completion. The full‐season program in 2016 resulted in lower E. coli densities and fewer beach closings. Large‐scale restoration efforts are underway at this location, but short‐term, small‐scale projects can be useful for reducing beach closings and restoring ecosystem services.

Core Ideas

Microbial source tracking shows gulls as a major source of E. coli contamination at urban beaches.

River impacts are variable but can contribute human fecal contamination to shoreline beaches.

Multiple conditions—embayment and algal growth—complicate the issue of beach closings.

Gull deterrence by trained dogs is an effective short‐term management option for beaches.
Fine Mapping of Lobed‐Leaf Genes in Two Brassica napus Lines Using SLAF Sequencing
Authors: Wen Yancheng , Zhang Shufen , Wang Jianpin , He Junping , Cai Dongfang , Zhao Lei , Wang Dongguo
Published: April 2018

Plant ideotypes may be useful for increasing yield in Brassica napus L., and leaves play an important role in the development of ideotypes. Previously, we bred two lobed‐leaf B. napus lines, ll1 and ll2. In the present study, we report the fine mapping of lobed‐leaf genes in ll1 and ll2 and annotate their putative functions. We conduct specific‐locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF‐seq) to determine the candidate intervals. Crosses between two lobed‐leaf lines ll1 and ll2 and their corresponding wild types el1 and el2 were used to generate two sets of F1 and F2 populations. Genome‐wide comparison of single‐nucleotide polymorphism profiles between lobed‐ and entire‐leaf bulks identified ll1 and ll2 candidate intervals on ChrA10. Lobed‐leaf gene ll1 was located in two regions within genomic positions 16,055,155 to 16,158,378 (100 kb in size) and 16,651,387 to 17,120,610 (470 kb in size), whereas the ll2 gene was located within the genomic region of 16,767,957 to 17,024,885 (260 kb in size), which overlapped with the second region of ll1. These results suggest that the lobed‐leaf candidate genes for ll1 and ll2 are alleles. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis identified 139 genes and 49 genes in the associated regions of ll1 and ll2, respectively. Approximately 135 genes in ll1 and 49 genes in ll2 could be functionally annotated, with the majority playing important roles in the regulation of leaf margin and leaf growth. These studies provide useful information for constructing ideotypes and breeding high‐yielding B. napus hybrids.
Nitrogen Additions Promote Decomposition of Soil Organic Carbon in a Tibetan Alpine Meadow
Authors: Li Jin Hua , Li Feng , Li Wen Jin , Chen Shan , Abbott L.K. , Knops Johannes M. H.
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas

Litter addition increased C decomposition.

Litter properties were more important than abiotic soil properties in controlling C decomposition.

N addition would increase decomposition of SOC with added litter and decrease SOC accumulation by altering litter quality.

In grassland ecosystems, nitrogen (N)‐induced changes in plant community often affect grassland soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition and accumulation. However, there is no consensus on the biological and chemical mechanisms that underlie the response of SOC decomposition to N‐addition. In this study, we did a litter addition experiment to study the decomposition of SOC with added litter of six dominant plant species collected from N alone or N combined with phosphorus (N+P) fertilization treatments in a 7‐yr field experiment. The experiment showed that there were no consistent responses of plant chemical properties to N alone or N+P addition. Fertilization altered plants species' dominance in community, in particular the grass Elymus nutans. Litter addition significantly increased C decomposition, with the highest decomposition rates of SOC with added litter of all six plant species in N+P treatment. In general, both plant litter properties of organic C, total N (TN), lignin concentrations, and soil properties of SOC and TN, but not soil microbial biomass C, were the main factors determining cumulative decomposition of SOC with added litter. Litter properties were more important than abiotic soil properties in controlling C decomposition. This study indicated that fertilization with N alone or N+P can increase decomposition of SOC with added litter and lower SOC accumulation through changes in plant species' dominance and chemical properties of litter. In terms of maintaining high SOC and increasing soil C, N fertilization, whether in N alone or N+P, should not be used in these alpine meadows.
Persepsi Anggota Gereja Atas Pengendalian Internal
Authors: Wibowo Eka Adhi , Kristanto Heru
Published: April 2018

This study aims at analyzing differences in perceptions of church members (pastors, treasurers, and congregations) on internal control and the relationship between the amount of offerings and the church’s perception of internal control. Respondents come from Protestant Christian churches in particular which are the supporting synods of Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta. They consist of 31 congregations with 92 people as respondents. The result of Kruskal Wallis statistic test shows that there is no difference of perception among the three members of the church about internal control. The Pearson correlation testresults between the amount of offerings and the church member’s perception of financial control is positive, but very low. The development of the amount of offerings is followed by internal control, albeit at low levels.
Sungenetic changes in the structure, biomorphological composition and pro-ductivity of meadow vegetation in the river Zuya in the Crimea
Authors: Kobechinskaya Valentina Grigoryevna , Adzhikelyamova Najle Alyadinovna , Ablaev Rasim Setmerovich
Published: April 2018

An analysis of the biomorphological composition and structure of the phytocoenoses of trial plots of the river Zuya, which reflects the typical features of the meadows texture, is represented in the work. Changes identification in the structure and biomorphological features of plant communities in a comparative aspect make it possible to predict the changes occurring in phytocenoses and can also serve as a basis for their further multi-year monitoring.
Features of innovative business in Russia
Authors: Lazarenko Anastasiia Lvovna
Published: April 2018

The article analyzes the position of Russia in «The Global Competitiveness Index 2016–2017» in detail according to the components of innovative development. The capacity for innovation of Russian companies is estimated on the basis of statistics. The process of innovative infrastructure building in the constituent territories of the RF is examined. The core measures of state support for the innovative development of the country are characterized.
Development of youth public diplomacy
Authors: Sorokoumova Galina Veniaminovna
Published: April 2018

The article reveals the concept of public youth diplomacy. The importance of public youth diplomacy in creating a positive image of Russia and in the development of creative, communicative and leadership qualities of Russian youth is also analyzed in the work.
Opportunities of general education organizations in the formation of a youth "Arctic brotherhood"
Authors: Fetisova Natalia Viktorovna , Salin Andrej Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2018

The opportunities of general education organizations in the formation of a youth "Arctic brotherhood" are considered in the work. Researchers came to the conclusion that it would be the right decision to hold regular All-Russian Arctic Conference of Schoolchildren and Students on issues of functional competence and educational continuity.
Construction of the automated system on the basis of the platform 1С: enterprise using the JSON format
Authors: Fat'yanova Anna Alekseevna
Published: April 2018

Options of JSON format using to apply it to integrate with third-party applications is discussed in the article. It is offered to use automated systems on platform 1C Enterprise in a parallel mode.
Zemstvo constitutionalism in Russia (the second half of XIX – beginning of XX centuries)
Authors: Panov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: April 2018

The subject of this article is the problem of the origin and development of Zemstvo liberal movement in Russia, the causes and the main stages of its formation. The aim of the study is to study the formation and development of the liberal opposition Zemstvo movement in the post-reform period, the formation of political requirements and organizational design Zemstvo liberals, which resulted in the creation of political parties. The author of the article used the historical method of research, which allows to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of the process. As a result, the author came to the following conclusion: the Zemstvo liberal movement became a logical continuation of the traditions of Russian liberalism of the previous period of development of Russian socio-political thought, the formation of which was influenced by the idea of Western European constitutionalism. The main political demands of the Zemstvo liberal movement in Russia were: "freedom of speech and press, guarantees of the individual and the convening of the constituent Assembly." The Zemstvo liberal movement saw the realization of these ideas on the way of reforms from above. Therefore, the main form of their protest movement was written appeals (addresses) of Zemstvo self-government bodies to the authorities with a statement of their political wishes. To achieve their political goals Zemstvo liberals made repeated attempts to formalize their movement, which resulted in the creation of political parties in the early twentieth century. The political program of the Russian liberal movement had a significant impact on the evolution of the political system of Russia during the revolution of 1905-1907. and it was reflected in the Main state laws of the Russian Empire on April 23, 1096.
Analysis of risk assessment methods for goods trucking
Authors: Yunyazova Anna Olegovna
Published: April 2018

The article considers models of risk assessment that can be applied to cargo transportation, for forecasting possible damage in the form of financial and material costs in order to reduce the percentage of probability of their occurrence. The analysis of risk by the method «Criterion. Event. Rule" is represented. This method is based on the collection of information by various methods, assigning an assessment to the identified risks, ranking and formulating a report on the analysis. It can be carried out as a fully manual mechanical method of information collecting and performing calculations or can be brought to an automated level from data collection to the delivery of finished results (but in this case some nuances that could significantly influence the outcome of the analysis can be ignored). The expert method is of particular importance, since it relies directly on human experience. In this case, a special role is played by the human factor. The collection of information and the assigned assessments to risk groups depend on the extent to which experts agree on this issue. The smaller the fluctuations in the values ​​of the estimates of the experts, the more accurate and optimal the results will be.
Nanotechnology Derived Nanotools in Biomedical Perspectives: An Update
Authors: Patil Akshay , Mishra Vijay , Thakur Sourav , Riyaz Bushra , Kaur Amanjot , Khursheed Rubiya , Patil Kiran , Sathe Bhushankumar
Published: April 2018

Background:

In recent years, nanotechnology is gaining more attention of analytical and
biomedical researchers. Nanotechnology derived nanotools deal with the nanoscale length size (i.e.,
10-9 m). The particles having size below 100 nm displayed improved properties for attaining increased
efficacy, better patient compliance, improved biodistribution and site-specific drug delivery.

Method:

Google, PubMed, Web of Science portals have been searched for potentially relevant literature
to get latest developments and updated information related to different aspects of nanotechnology
derived nanocarriers including biomedical applications.

BResults:

Available literature demonstrated that nanotechnology-based nanocarriers like liposomes,
dendrimers, polymeric micelles, carbon dots, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles,
silica nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles have enormous potential applications
in the pharmaceutical field. The current review focuses on the drug delivery, bioimaging,
tissue engineering and therapeutic applications of different nanotools. Besides these, scope and opportunities,
as well as the global market scenario of nanotechnology derived nanotools, have also
been discussed.

Conclusion:

The practice of nanotechnology in the arena of medicine will transform the strategies of
detection and treatment of a wide range of diseases in the upcoming years.
Novel Anthraquinone Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of Topoisomerase 2 and Casein Kinase 2: In Silico Studies, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation on Leukemic Cell Lines
Authors: Kabir Abbas , Tilekar Kalpana , Upadhyay Neha , Ramaa C.S.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Cancer being a complex disease, single targeting agents remain unsuccessful. This calls for “multiple targeting”, wherein a single drug is so designed that it will modulate the activity of multiple protein targets. Topoisomerase 2 (Top2) helps in removing DNA tangles and super-coiling during cellular replication, Casein Kinase 2 (CK2) is involved in the phosphorylation of a multitude of protein targets. Thus, in the present work, we have tried to develop dual inhibitors of Top2 and CK2.

Objective:

With this view, in the present work, 2 human proteins, Top2 and CK2 have been targeted to achieve the anti-proliferative effects.

Methods:

Novel 1-acetylamidoanthraquinone (3a-3y) derivatives were designed, synthesized and their structures were elucidated by analytical and spectral characterization techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass Spectroscopy). The synthesized compounds were then subjected to evaluation of cytotoxic potential by the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protein assay, using HL60 and K562 cell lines. Ten compounds were analyzed for Top2, CK2 enzyme inhibitory potential. Further, top three compounds were subjected to cell cycle analysis.

Results:

The compounds 3a to 3c, 3e, 3f, 3i to 3p, 3t and 3x showed excellent cytotoxic activity to HL-60 cell line indicating their high anti-proliferative potential in AML. The compounds 3a to 3c, 3e, 3f, 3i to 3p and 3y have shown good to moderate activity on K-562 cell line. Compounds 3e, 3f, 3i, 3x and 3y were found more cytotoxic than standard doxorubicin. In cell cycle analysis, the cells (79-85%) were found to arrest in the G0/G1 phase.

Conclusion:

We have successfully designed, synthesized, purified and structurally characterized 1- acetylamidoanthraquinone derivatives. Even though our compounds need design optimization to further increase enzyme inhibition, their overall anti-proliferative effects were found to be encouraging.
YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇEYİ ÖĞRETENLERİN AKADEMİK ÖZYETERLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Demir Sezgin , Akça Figen
Published: April 2018

Eğitim, yaşamın her anında, bireyin yeteneklerini
ve becerilerini geliştirmesini mümkün kılan bütün faaliyetler olarak
tanımlanabilir. Ancak hem ulusal hem de uluslararası düzeyde eğitimde kalite
sorunu her geçen gün önemini artırmaktadır. Dahası, uluslararası düzeyde eğitim
faaliyetleri, sosyoekonomik ve sosyopolitik bakımdan kültürel kodların
yaygınlaştırılması noktasında son derece önemli olup yabancı dil bilmek de ön
plana çıkmaktadır. Üstelik yabancı dil bilgisi; önyargılardan kurtulmak,
küresel düzeyde iletişimin mümkün olması ve çatışmayı azaltmak açısından da
kilit dinamiklerden biridir. Son zamanlarda ülkemizin gerek yakın coğrafyada
gerekse küresel anlamda artan politik, kültürel, ekonomik etkisi; yakın
komşularındaki siyasi çalkantılar ve çatışmalar yoğun şekilde göç almasına
neden olmaktadır. Bu durum Türkçenin etkili bir şekilde öğretilmesinin,
yaygınlaştırılmasının önemini bir kat daha artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
Türkiye'de yabancı soylu öğrencilere yükseköğretim düzeyinde eğitim veren
öğreticilerin akademik öz yeterlikleri üzerine görüşlerini belirlemektir.
Araştırma nitel desende olgubilimsel türdendir. Yarı yapılandırılmış 9 maddelik
görüşme formu ile görüşme tekniği kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde betimsel ve içerik analizi birlikte kullanılmış, belirlenen kodların
frekans ve yüzde dağılımları verilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların
akademik öz yeterliklerine yönelik algılarının genel olarak olumlu yönde
şekillendiği söylenebilir.
A Web-Based Application to Improve Data Collection in an Interventional Study Targeting Childhood Obesity: Pre-Post Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Hanbury Meagan M , Sadeghi Banafsheh , Tseregounis Iraklis Erik , Gomez-Camacho Rosa , Manzo Rosa D , Rangel Maria Isabel , Alexandrescu Bogdan , de la Torre Adela
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Although participatory action research (PAR) studies have proliferated in recent years, the development of technological resources to manage these types of projects has not kept pace. Few studies show how Web-based applications can be used to efficiently manage the data collection process.

OBJECTIVE

This study described the development, use, and impact of a Web-based application to facilitate data management in Niños Sanos, Familia Sana (Healthy Children, Healthy Family), an interventional multifaceted PAR field study.

METHODS

We described the transformation of the data management process and evaluated the impact of the application in terms of time efficiency of data collection and engagement of community-based data collectors. We defined time efficiency as the total number of days it took to collect 3 main surveys, per year of data collection. The engagement of data collectors was assessed based on qualitative reports.

RESULTS

The amount of time it took to perform a round of data collection was reduced after implementation of the field team application (between 382 and 383 days and 198 and 233 days). Secondary data were also collected in a tighter time frame around collection of the primary outcome, and communication among data collectors, the field staff, and the research team was streamlined. In focus groups, community-based data collectors reported feeling more empowered and engaged in the data collection process after implementation of the application.

CONCLUSIONS

A Web-based management application was successful in improving data collection time efficiency and engagement among data collectors.
Patients Using an Online Forum for Reporting Progress When Engaging With a Six-Week Exercise Program for Knee Conditioning: Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bright Philip , Hambly Karen
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

The use of electronic health (eHealth) and Web-based resources for patients with knee pain is expanding. Padlet is an online noticeboard that can facilitate patient interaction by posting virtual “sticky notes.”

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to determine feasibility of patients in a 6-week knee exercise program using Padlet as an online forum for self-reporting on outcome progression.

METHODS

Undergraduate manual therapy students were recruited as part of a 6-week study into knee conditioning. Participants were encouraged to post maximum effort readings from quadriceps and gluteal home exercises captured from standard bathroom scales on a bespoke Padlet. Experience and progression reporting were encouraged. Posted data were analyzed for association between engagement, entry frequency, and participant characteristics. Individual data facilitated single-subject, multiple-baseline analysis using statistical process control. Experiential narrative was analyzed thematically.

RESULTS

Nineteen participants were recruited (47%, 9/19 female); ages ranged from 19 to 53 years. Twelve individuals (63%) opted to engage with the forum (range 4-40 entries), with five (42%) reporting across all 6 weeks. Gender did not influence reporting (odds ratio [OR] 0.76, 95% CI 0.06-6.93). No significant difference manifested between body mass index and engagement P=.46); age and entry frequency did not correlate (R2=.054, 95% CI –0.42 to 0.51, P=.83). Statistically significant conditioning profiles arose in single participants. Themes of pain, mitigation, and response were inducted from the experiences posted.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients will engage with an online forum for reporting progress when undertaking exercise programs. In contrast to related literature, no significant association was found with reporting and gender, age, or body mass index. Individual posted data allowed multiple-baseline analysis and experiential induction from participants. Conditioning responses were evident on visual inspection. The importance of individualized visual data to patients and the role of forums in monitoring patients’ progress in symptomatic knee pain populations need further consideration.
Efficacy and metabolic effects of lurasidone versus brexpiprazole in schizophrenia: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Ng-Mak Daisy , Tongbram Vanita , Ndirangu Kerigo , Rajagopalan Krithika , Loebel Antony
Published: April 2018

Aim:
To assess the relative efficacy and metabolic effects of lurasidone and brexpiprazole in the acute treatment of schizophrenia.
Methods:
Five lurasidone and three brexpiprazole trials were identified. In the absence of head-to-head trials, a Bayesian network meta-analysis comparing lurasidone and brexpiprazole was performed.
Results:
Nonstatistically significant differences in efficacy measures were observed between lurasidone and brexpiprazole. Significant differences favoring lurasidone for weight change (-0.69 kg; 95% CrI: -1.22 to -0.15), total cholesterol (-7.60 mg/dl; 95% CrI: -13.94 to -1.22), and low-density lipoprotein (-6.58 mg/dl; 95% CrI: -12.11 to -1.04) were observed, with a trend indicating half the risk of experiencing ≥7% weight gain.
Conclusion:
This network meta-analysis suggested that lurasidone had similar efficacy and fewer metabolic effects than brexpiprazole in patients with acute schizophrenia.
Medición de la emigración de México a Estados Unidos, 1950-2016
Authors: Gaspar Olvera Selene
Published: April 2018

El objetivo del artículo es revisar, analizar y dar seguimiento a la metodología, las cifras de las fuentes principales de información y las preguntas básicas: lugar de nacimiento, residencia previa y año de ingreso de los inmigrantes mexicanos en Estados Unidos, para estimar el flujo de los que entraron a ese país. La estimación es por quinquenio, de 1950 a 2014 y por año, de 1991 a 2014; también se muestra la importancia de la elección del procedimiento y las fuentes de datos para calcular las proyecciones de población de México, pues éstas son el insumo básico para hacerlo. Se sostiene que las condiciones económicas y del mercado laboral estadounidense modulan los flujos migratorios de mexicanos a ese país, y la factibilidad de prever su comportamiento en ciertos escenarios.
KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK DAN BILANGAN IOD MINYAK DARI SEMBILAN VARIETAS KELAPA SAWIT DxP KOMERSIAL DI PPKS
Authors: Sujadi Sujadi , Hasibuan Hasrul Abdi , Rahmadi Hernawan Yuli , Purba Abdul Razak
Published: April 2018

Komposisi asam lemak dan bilangan iod minyak dari sembilan varietas kelapa kelapa sawit DxP komersial di PPKS di antaranya adalah DxP La Mé, DxP Yangambi, DxP Simalungun, DxP Marihat, DxP PPKS 239, DxP PPKS 540, DxP PPKS 718, DxPDumpy, dan DxP Langkat telah dikaji. Kadar crude palm oil (CPO) dari mesokarp kering berkisar antara 63,3 – 88,5% dengan nilai tertinggi dimiliki oleh DxP Yangambi (83,2 ± 5,3%) yang berbeda nyata dengan varietas lainnya. Asam palmitat tertinggi dimiliki oleh DxP Simalungun (47,8 ± 2,1%) sedangkan oleat tertinggi dimiliki oleh DxP La Mé (44,3 ± 2,9%) dan keduanya berbeda nyata dengan varietas lainnya. Jenis asam lemak lain yang dikandung CPO tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas. Bilangan iod CPO tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas dengan nilai tertinggi adalah DxP PPKS 540 (56,5 ± 2,0 Wijs) dan DxP La Mé (55,6±2,6 Wijs) sedangkan terendah adalah DxP Simalungun (50,1 ± 2,2 Wijs). Kadar palm kernel oil (PKO) pada kernel kering tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas berkisar antara 44,1 – 56,0%. Komposisi asam lemak utama PKO adalah asam laurat (44,3 – 49,7%), miristat (14,0 – 17,7%), oleat (14,4 – 19,7%), dan palmitat (7,6 – 9,4%). Asam lemak pada PKO tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas kecuali asam miristat yang dikandung oleh DxP PPKS 718. Bilangan iod PKO tidak berbeda nyata antar varietas dengan nilai tertinggi adalah DxP Marihat 21,6 ± 1,6 Wijs sedangkan terendah adalah DxP La Mé 19,6 ± 2,3 Wijs.
ASSESSMENT OF WATER TABLE MODEL ON OIL PALM AREA IN A HILLY LAND
Authors: Harahap Iman Yani , Lubis M. Edwin Syahputra
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research is to assess performance of developed water table model on oil palm area in a hilly land. The model requires some data of initiatial condition, input model, and physical parameters of the soils and crops. Initial data includes leaf area index, latitude geography position, initial water table, and the deep of impermeable soil layer. Input model includes daily weather data (rainfall, temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed). Soil physic parameters includes bulk volum density at each soil layers, and run-off of the soil surface. The crop parameters includes rainfall interception of crown and stem plants. Daily water table measurement was carried out at 3 points of wells located in one line hilly catena (30 – 70 m above sea level) with slope about of 15% (top, middle, and foot). The area was the 20 years old oil palm planting area, soil type was Typic Hapludult with coarse to fine soil texture, hydraulic conductivity was classified as fast. The water table in this area was located in unconfined aquifer zone. The results showed that outputs of the model were 3 - 4% higher than the actual values observed on the top hill, 7 – 8% lower than the actual values on the middle sloping of the hill, and 7 – 7.5% lower than the actual values on the foot hill. The high rate of run-off at the top might have reduced the water inflow (through infiltration process) to the system, causing output values of the model were higher than the actual values. On the other hand, the water inflow from the top to the lower area might have increased the water inflow to the system, so that the actual values were higher than the output values of the water table model. Adjustments of parameters mainly run-off rate and hydraulic potential gradient on sloping and hilly physiography might increase the accuracy of the model.
MODELING OF MONTHLY OIL PALM YIELD PATTERN BASED ON DEPTH OF RAINFALL AND RAINY DAYS
Authors: Pradiko Iput , Rahutomo Suroso , Ginting Eko Noviandy , Siregar Hasril Hasan
Published: April 2018

Oil palm requires evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year to achieve optimum yield. This study was aimed to estimate monthly oil palm yield based on depth of rainfall and rainy days data. Yield data were collected from 12 years old of oil palm grown on mineral soils at 15 plantations in North Sumatra. The yield data were monthly data of 2016 and 2017 for database and comparison, respectively. Data of depth of rainfall and rainy days were from 2012-2016. Data were analysed using linear and non-linear correlation between depth of rainfall versus yield and rainy days versus yield at time lag of 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 months. The results of correlation analysis were used to construct an equation model for estimating monthly yield patterns. Based on values of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), MeanAbsolute Bias Error (MABE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) between estimation and actual monthly yield of 2017, it could be conluded that estimation model based on rainy days were more accurate than when it was based on depth of rainfall. The values of RMSE, MABE, MAPE of estimation model based on rainy days were 0,337; 0,275; 15,482%, respectively; while based on depth of rainfall the values were 0,367; 0,296; 16,594%, respectively.
DROUGHT AND HAZE EFFECTS ON OIL PALM ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Syarovy Muhdan , Pradiko Iput , Listia Eka , Darlan Nuzul Hijri , Hidayat Fandi , Winarna Winarna , Rahutomo Suroso
Published: April 2018

Prolonged dry season, land fire, and haze disturbance occurred during El Niño 2015 in Indonesia. A study had been conducted to identify impacts of prolonged dry season and haze disturbance on ecophysiology of oil palm in Dawas Estate, South Sumatra. The study was conducted by collecting data of precipitation, visibility, oil palm fronds addition, rate of photosynthesis, Photosinthetically Active Radiation (PAR), and Elaeidobius kamerunicus activity on mature and immature palm before, during and after the incidence of drought and haze disturbance. T test was used for statistics analysis. The results showed that water deficit was recorded in July, August, September and October, it was 45, 92, 80, and 148 mm respectively. Dry month (precipitation was ≤ 60 mm) was 2 months, while dry spell occurred 3 times in June to July (33 days), August to September (42 days), and September to October (40 days). Haze disturbance occurred in August to November, it had decreased visibility to 80%. During drought stress and haze disturbance, there was decrease in fronds addition, photosynthesis rate and bunch productivity in following year. In addition, haze disturbance had decreased number of Elaeidobius kamerunicus visitting female flowers up to 95%.
IMPACTS OF WATER TABLE AND SOIL AMELIORANT ON SOIL MOISTURE, CO2 EMISSION, AND OIL PALM YIELD ON PEAT SOIL
Authors: Winarna Winarna , Yusuf Muhammad Arif , Rahutomo Suroso , Sutarta Edy Sigit
Published: April 2018

A field study on peat soil to investigate impacts of soil water table depth and soil ameliorant (steel sludge) had been carried out on mature oil palm. Three treatments of soil water table management and four rates of steel sludge application were applied in this study. Treatments of soil water table management were WLM1, WLM-2, and WLM-3, where soil water table depth was maintained at 35-50 cm, 60-75 cm, and >75 cm below the soil surface, respectively. Treatments of steel sludge were application of this soil ameliorant at the rate of 0; 3.15; 6.51; 9.86 kg tree-1. The study was arranged as split plot randomized block design by assigning soil water table management as main plot and rate of steel sludge as sub plot. Soil Data observed were actual soil water content, peat soil properties, CO2 emission, vegetative growth, and palm yield. The results showed that maintaining soil water table depth at < 75 cm could maintain actual soil moisture up to top parts of peat soil. On the other hand, deeper soil water table (>75 cm, WLM-3) caused significant effects on decreasing of soil moisture in the 0-10 cm layer of peat soil. CO2 emission was 37, 40, dan 45 ton ha-1 year-1 under WLM-1, WLM-2, and WLM-3, respectively. The drop of soil water table to >75 cm (WLM-3) significantly increased CO2 emission to about 11-18% higher than that on WLM-1 and WLM-2. Steel sludge application did not significantly decrease CO2 emission. The highest FFB yield was observed under WLM-1, then followed by WLM-2 and WLM-3. FFB yield was significantly higher when soil water depth was maintained at 35-75 cm than that at > 75 cm, it was 7-10% and 36-60% higher in 2014 and 2015, respectively. There were no significant effects of steel sludge application on FFB yield, but there was improvement on average bunch weight.
SMALLHOLDERS' AND COOPERATIVES' READINESS ANALYSIS IN OIL PALM SMALLHOLDERS' PLANTATION REPLANTING PROGRAM (Case Study of Farmers in Ophir, West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra Province)
Authors: Amalia Rizki , Nurkhoiry Ratnawati , Nasution Zulfi Prima Sani , Kurniawan Ambar
Published: April 2018

The study of replanting models for smallholding oil palm plantation analysis is focus on smallholders and cooperatives' readiness assessment involves in replanting and business development program. The research objects are four oil palm plantantion cooperatives (KPS) in Ophir, West Pasam: KPS Perintis, KPS Indah, KPS Maju and KPS Makmur. Smallholders readiness in replanting and business development program was assessed through three criterias, which are ability to repay of debt, good faith to join community, and cooperative capacity. The results showed that smallholders in KPS Ophir are basically ready and feasible in obtaining financing and follow the oil palm replanting program, but access to financing and regulations that requires avalis become constrains for the smallholders.
As Competências EaD de alunos concluintes do Ensino Médio: resultados do instrumento de coleta de dados
Authors: Schumacher Velho Deividi , Dos Santos Pinto Andrio
Published: April 2018

Com o avanço da tecnologia, multiplicaramseas possibilidades de aprendizagem através deste meio, e a EaD surge então como uma modalidade educacional de grande potencial, permitindo com que o aluno desenvolva a sua autoaprendizagem. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar resultados do instrumento de coleta de dados, que buscou identificar quais os alunos concluintes do Ensino Médio, possuem as competências mapeadas por Behar e que são necessárias para o ingresso em um curso na modalidade à distância. Este instrumento foi elaborado refletindo situações vivenciadas pelos alunos, os quais devem servir de base para futuros confrontamentos.
UM ROLE PLAYING GAME PARA O ENSINO DE ELICITAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DE REQUISITOS
Authors: Petri Giani , C. Chiavegatti Natiel
Published: April 2018

A engenharia de requisitos objetiva estabelecer o entendimento do problema e as necessidades do cliente. No entanto, o processo de ensino desta competência nem sempre é satisfatório, por ser um conteúdo teórico, muitos professores utilizam somente aulas expositivas, onde acaba limitando o aprendizado dos alunos. Assim, surge a necessidade de explorar novos métodos de ensino, como os jogos educacionais, de modo a criar um ambiente que desperte o interesse dos alunos. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver e avaliar um jogo educacional do tipo RPG no qual o jogador atuará como um engenheiro de requisitos coletando e priorizando os requisitos em um cenário simulado. Uma avaliação sistemática realizada aponta resultados satisfatórios quanto a motivação, experiência do usuário e aprendizagem dos alunos.
DESENVOLVENDO JOGOS EDUCACIONAIS POR MEIO DE SOFTWARES DE AUTORIA
Authors: Bertin Roseli , De Fátima Webber do Prado Lima Maria , Geltrudes Webber Carine
Published: April 2018

Softwares de autoria são ferramentas para desenvolvimento deaplicações multimídia. Elas veem sendo empregadas com sucesso no desenvolvimento de softwares educacionais por serem ferramentas que não exigem conhecimentos sofisticados em programação. Contudo a área carece de um estudo avaliativo que permita atestar quais softwares de autoria são mais apropriados para a criação de jogos educacionais. Primeiramente este artigo aborda elementos presentes em jogos que possam ser aplicados em projetos educacionais. A partir de um conjunto de critérios este artigo propõe uma análise de softwares de autoria. Os softwares foram testados e avaliados pelo método analítico hierárquico. Como resultado o software de autoria melhor avaliado foi o Visual Class.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTOS SOBRE MEIO AMBIENTE, UTILIZANDO GEOTECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Passos Schleich Álisson , Bernardes da Rocha Filho João , Alexandre Lahm Regis
Published: April 2018

A pesquisa descrita neste artigo foi realizada com estudantes do 6° e 7º anos do ensino fundamental, pertencentes ao Projeto Clube de Ciências (Bio Clube), de um colégio privado da cidade de Porto Alegre, RS. O objetivo da investigação foi compreender como o uso de geotecnologias influencia a construção de conhecimentos sobre o tema meio ambiente. As atividades desenvolvidas consistiram na visualização e interpretação de imagens orbitais obtidas via software Google Earth TM, oficina com aparelhos de GPS, confecção de cartazes, entre outras. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados: questionários, diário de classe, produções textuais e entrevistas. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise Textual Discursiva, descrita por Moraes e Galiazzi (2007). Da análise emergiram três categorias: O meio ambiente como objeto de estudo; Construção de conhecimentos em um Clube de Ciências; Aplicação de novas tecnologias na educação. A investigação permitiu concluir que o uso das geotecnologias no ensino favorece a aprendizagem, motiva os alunos no processo de construção de saberes, e permite a construção e reconstrução dos conhecimentos.