bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectral Variability Studies in Active Galactic Nuclei: Exploring Continuum and Emission Line Regions in the Age of LSST and JWST
Authors: Panda Swayamtrupta , Marziani Paola , Czerny Bożena , Rodríguez-Ardila Alberto , Pozo Nuñez Francisco
Published: November 2023

The investigation of emission line regions within active galaxies (AGNs) has a rich and extensive history, now extending to the use of AGNs and quasars as “standardizable” cosmological indicators, shedding light on the evolution of our universe. As we enter the era of advanced observatories, such as the successful launch of the JWST and the forthcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), the landscape of AGN exploration across cosmic epochs is poised for exciting advancements. In this work, we delve into recent developments in AGN variability research, anticipating the substantial influx of data facilitated by LSST. The article highlights recent strides made by the AGN Polish Consortium in their contributions to LSST. The piece emphasizes the role of quasars in cosmology, dissecting the intricacies of their calibration as standard candles. The primary focus centers on the relationship between the broad-line region size and luminosity, showcasing recent breakthroughs that enhance our comprehension of this correlation. These breakthroughs encompass a range of perspectives, including spectroscopic analyses, photoionization modeling, and collaborative investigations with other cosmological tools. The study further touches on select studies, underlining how the synergy of theoretical insights and advancements in observational capabilities has yielded deeper insights into these captivating cosmic entities.
Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation
Authors: Antonova Anastasiia , Kazennova Elena , Lebedev Aleksey , Ozhmegova Ekaterina , Kuznetsova Anna , Tumanov Aleksandr , Bobkova Marina
Published: November 2023

Currently, HIV-1 displays a substantial level of genetic diversity on a global scale, partly attributed to its recombinant variants. This study seeks to identify and analyze HIV-1 recombinants in Russia during the last decade of the epidemic. A comprehensive examination was conducted, encompassing 3178 partial pol sequences. Subtyping was achieved through various programs including COMET, the Stanford Database, REGA, jpHMM, RIP, and RDP4 for recombination analysis. The study also involved phylogenetic analysis to trace the origins of the identified recombinants. Primary resistance (PrimDR) prevalence and Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) were assessed. The study uncovered an overall proportion of recombinants at 8.7%, with a statistically significant increase in their frequency observed over time (p < 0.001). The Northwestern (18.5%) and Siberian (15.0%) Federal Districts exhibited a high prevalence of recombinants, while the Volga (1.9%) and Ural (2.8%) Federal Districts had a lower prevalence. Among HIV-1 recombinants, a PrimDR prevalence of 11.4% was identified. Notably, significant differences in DRMs were observed, with a higher prevalence of M184V in sub-subtype A6 (p = 0.018) and K103N in CRF63_02A6 (p = 0.002). These findings underscore the increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity and highlight a substantial prevalence of PrimDR among its recombinant forms, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing systematic monitoring.
ATG8f Interacts with Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus 6K2 Protein to Limit Virus Infection
Authors: Ji Chenglong , Zhou Jingya , Yang Daoyong , Yuan Bowen , Tang Rongxia , Liu Yong , Xi Dehui
Published: November 2023

Autophagy, as a conserved protein degradation pathway in plants, has also been reported to be intricately associated with antiviral defense mechanisms. However, the relationship between chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) and autophagy has not been investigated in the existing research. Here, we reveal that ChiVMV infection caused the accumulation of autophagosomes in infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and the upregulation of autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Moreover, the changes in gene expression were correlated with the development of symptoms. Treatment with autophagy inhibitors (3-MA or E-64D) could increase the infection sites and facilitate virus infection, whereas treatment with the autophagy activator (Rapamycin) limited virus infection. Then, ATG8f was identified to interact with ChiVMV 6K2 protein directly in vitro and in vivo. The silencing of ATG8f promoted virus infection, whereas the overexpression of ATG8f inhibited virus infection. Furthermore, the expression of 6K2-GFP in ATG8f- or ATG7-silenced plants was significantly higher than that in control plants. Rapamycin treatment reduced the accumulation of 6K2-GFP in plant cells, whereas treatment with the inhibitor of the ubiquitin pathway (MG132), 3-MA, or E-64D displayed little impact on the accumulation of 6K2-GFP. Thus, our results demonstrated that ATG8f interacts with the ChiVMV 6K2 protein, promoting the degradation of 6K2 through the autophagy pathway.
Poly I:C Pre-Treatment Induced the Anti-Viral Interferon Response in Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: Mitländer Hannah , Yang Zuqin , Krammer Susanne , Grund Janina C. , Zirlik Sabine , Finotto Susetta
Published: November 2023

Type I and III interferons are among the most important antiviral mediators. Increased susceptibility to infections has been described as being associated with impaired interferon response in asthmatic patients. In this work, we focused on the modulation of interferon dysfunction after the rhinovirus infection of airway epithelial cells. Therefore, we tested polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a TLR3 agonist, as a possible preventive pre-treatment to improve this anti-viral response. In our human study on asthma, we found a deficiency in interferon levels in the nasal epithelial cells (NEC) from asthmatics at homeostatic level and after RV infection, which might contribute to frequent airway infection seen in asthmatic patients compared to healthy controls. Finally, pre-treatment with the immunomodulatory substance poly I:C before RV infection restored IFN responses in airway epithelial cells. Altogether, we consider poly I:C pre-treatment as a promising strategy for the induction of interferon response prior to viral infections. These results might help to improve current therapeutic strategies for allergic asthma exacerbations.
Measures to Increase Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Narrative Review
Authors: Yu Bo , Tamargo Christina , Brennan Daniel C. , Kant Sam
Published: November 2023

Purpose of review: To review the data on the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines, administered by different strategies, in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). Recent findings: COVID-19 booster vaccines were given to SOTRs as a widespread practice in many transplant centers, mostly as the third and/or fourth dose in an extended vaccine series, with a significantly improved humoral response compared with the initial two-dose scheme. However, one-third of SOTRs remained unresponsive, despite these boosters. Next steps: Vaccination with standard dosing remains the most feasible strategy for attaining protection against COVID-19. Additional booster doses and temporarily holding or reducing mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid may provide immunogenicity to vaccines, according to recent studies demonstrating some efficacy with these measures. Preexposure prophylaxis with monoclonal antibodies showed benefit in immunocompromised patients but is no longer recommended by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) due to diminished efficacy against Omicron and recent variants. Screening for the presence and titers of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in SOTRs is not recommended in most clinical settings. T cell-based techniques are needed to evaluate vaccine efficacy and risk of infection. As SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve, new vaccines based on conservative protein component/complexes of the COVID virus, in addition to its spike protein, are warranted to offer prolonged protection.
Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Golfinopoulou Rebecca , Giudicelli Véronique , Manso Taciana , Kossida Sofia
Published: November 2023

Background: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease presenting with auto-antibodies that affect the neuromuscular junction. In addition to symptomatic treatment options, novel therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system®, extends the characterization of therapeutic antibodies with a systematic description of their mechanisms of action (MOA) and makes them available through its database for mAbs and fusion proteins, IMGT/mAb-DB. Methods: Using available literature data combined with amino acid sequence analyses from mAbs managed in IMGT/2Dstructure-DB, the IMGT® protein database, biocuration allowed us to define in a standardized way descriptions of MOAs of mAbs that target molecules towards MG treatment. Results: New therapeutic targets include FcRn and molecules such as CD38, CD40, CD19, MS4A1, and interleukin-6 receptor. A standardized graphical representation of the MOAs of selected mAbs was created and integrated within IMGT/mAb-DB. The main mechanisms involved in these mAbs are either blocking or neutralizing. Therapies directed to B cell depletion and plasma cells have a blocking MOA with an immunosuppressant effect along with Fc-effector function (MS4A1, CD38) or FcγRIIb engager effect (CD19). Monoclonal antibodies targeting the complement also have a blocking MOA with a complement inhibitor effect, and treatments targeting T cells have a blocking MOA with an immunosuppressant effect (CD40) and Fc-effector function (IL6R). On the other hand, FcRn antagonists present a neutralizing MOA with an FcRn inhibitor effect. Conclusion: The MOA of each new mAb needs to be considered in association with the immunopathogenesis of each of the subtypes of MG in order to integrate the new mAbs as a viable and safe option in the therapy decision process. In IMGT/mAb-DB, mAbs for MG are characterized by their sequence, domains, and chains, and their MOA is described.
Inactivated Recombinant Rabies Virus Displaying the Nipah Virus Envelope Glycoproteins Induces Systemic Immune Responses in Mice
Authors: Li Zhengrong , Zhu Yanting , Yan Feihu , Jin Hongli , Wang Qi , Zhao Yongkun , Feng Na , Wang Tiecheng , Li Nan , Yang Songtao , Xia Xianzhu , Cong Yanlong
Published: November 2023

Nipah virus (NiV) causes severe, lethal encephalitis in humans and pigs. However, there is no licensed vaccine available to prevent NiV infection. In this study, we used the reverse genetic system based on the attenuated rabies virus strain SRV9 to construct two recombinant viruses, rSRV9-NiV-F and rSRV9-NiV-G, which displayed the NiV envelope glycoproteins F and G, respectively. Following three immunizations in BALB/c mice, the inactivated rSRV9-NiV-F and rSRV9-NiV-G alone or in combination, mixed with the adjuvants ISA 201 VG and poly (I:C), were able to induce the antigen-specific cellular and Th1-biased humoral immune responses. The specific antibodies against rSRV9-NiV-F and rSRV9-NiV-G had reactivity with two constructed bacterial-like particles displaying the F and G antigens of NiV. These data demonstrate that rSRV9-NiV-F or rSRV9-NiV-G has the potential to be developed into a promising vaccine candidate against NiV infection.
Flu Shots Unveiled: A Global Systematic Review of Healthcare Providers’ Uptake of, Perceptions, and Attitudes toward Influenza Vaccination
Authors: Dardas Latefa Ali , Al-leimon Obada , Jaber Abdel Rahman , Saadeh Mohammed , Al-leimon Ahmad , Al-Hurani Ahmad , Jaber Abdul-Raheem , Aziziye Omer , Al-salieby Fadi , Aljahalin Mohammad , Van de Water Brittney
Published: November 2023

Background and Purpose: Influenza, with its potential for widespread transmission and significant health repercussions for individuals and populations, demands the immediate implementation of effective preventive measures. Vaccination stands as a long-standing evidence-based strategic approach to bolster immunity, especially for healthcare providers at heightened risk due to repeated exposure. Nevertheless, studies indicate a variance in adherence to recommended vaccination protocols and a notable prevalence of hesitancy and negative attitudes toward influenza vaccination among this critical group globally. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of attitudes is essential for the development of targeted interventions and strategies tailored to address the specific concerns and motivations of healthcare providers. To this end, this study synthesized the evidence gathered from an exhaustive systematic review of studies on healthcare providers’ uptake of and perceptions and attitudes toward influenza vaccination. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across the databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE. The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, using Covidence for screening. The process involved 4970 references, with 2684 screened after duplicate removals and 1891 excluded, leaving 793 full texts evaluated, resulting in a final 368 selected references for analysis. Due to the considerable heterogeneity observed among the studies, a narrative synthesis method was employed. Results: Five themes emerged from the systematic review’s analysis, offering a multifaceted perspective on healthcare providers’ attitudes toward influenza vaccination: (1) fostering positive views: factors promoting attitudes toward influenza vaccines; (2) navigating hesitancy: barriers and challenges to attitudes on influenza vaccines; (3) empowering change: interventions and their impact on healthcare providers’ attitudes; (4) pandemic overlap: intersecting attitudes toward influenza and COVID-19 vaccines; and (5) twin challenges: the impact of mandatory policy on attitudes and influenza vaccination. Conclusions: Healthcare providers’ attitudes toward influenza vaccination are complex and influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, barriers, demographics, organizational factors, interventions, pandemic contexts, and policy considerations. Effective strategies for promoting influenza vaccination should be multifaceted, adaptable, and tailored to address these interconnected aspects, ultimately contributing to improved vaccination rates and public health outcomes.
Risk Awareness as a Key Determinant of Early Vaccine Uptake in the Mpox Vaccination Campaign in an Italian Region: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Del Duca Giulia , Tavelli Alessandro , Mastrorosa Ilaria , Aguglia Camilla , Lanini Simone , Brita Anna , Gagliardini Roberta , Vita Serena , Vergori Alessandra , Paulicelli Jessica , Natalini Giorgia , D’Urso Angela , Piselli Pierluca , Gallì Paola , Mondillo Vanessa , Mastroianni Claudio , Tamburrini Enrica , Sarmati Loredana , Stingone Christof , Lichtner Miriam , Nicastri Emanuele , Farinella Massimo , Leserri Filippo , Siddu Andrea , Maggi Fabrizio , d’Arminio Monforte Antonella , Vairo Francesco , Barca Alessandra , Vaia Francesco , Girardi Enrico , Mazzotta Valentina , Antinori Andrea
Published: November 2023

Background: we aim to investigate attitudes toward vaccination by analyzing empirical factors associated with vaccine acceptance in the Lazio region mpox vaccination (MpoxVax) campaign in Italy. Methods: all subjects who accessed MpoxVax and signed the informed consent were prospectively enrolled in the MPOX-VAC Study and were asked to fill out an anonymous survey. Two endpoints were selected: ‘delayed acceptance’ and ‘early acceptance’, defined as access for vaccination >60 and ≤30 days from the vaccination campaign starting (VCS), respectively. Results: over the study period, 1717 individuals underwent vaccination: 129 (7%) > 60 [1588 (92.5%) ≤ 60] and 676 (60%) ≤ 30 days from VCS. A bisexual orientation, a lower education level and a worse perceived physical and mental health were associated with delayed access to vaccination. Being pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users and, marginally, HIV positive; having a high perceived risk for mpox infection; and reporting high-risk behaviors like the use of recreational drugs/chems, sex under the influence of drugs and/or alcohol and having a higher number of principal sexual partners, were associated with early access to vaccination. Conclusions: according to our data, risk awareness was a major determinant of early MpoxVax acceptance. Conversely, worse perceived health status and a low educational level were critical factors associated with delayed vaccination.
Concentrations, Number of Doses, and Formulations of Aluminium Adjuvants in Vaccines: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Barbateskovic Marija , Klingenberg Sarah Louise , Krauss Sara Russo , Kong Dezhao , Wu Zhangtong , Petersen Sesilje B. , Kenfelt Mette , Gluud Christian
Published: November 2023

Aluminium adjuvants are commonly used in vaccines to boost the effects of vaccination. Here, we assessed the benefits and harms of different aluminium adjuvants vs. other aluminium adjuvants or vs. the same aluminium adjuvant at other concentrations, administered a different number of doses, or at different particle sizes used in vaccines or vaccine excipients. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis to assess the certainty of evidence with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). We obtained data from major medical databases until 20 January 2023 and included 10 randomized clinical trials of healthy volunteers. The comparisons assessed higher vs. lower aluminium adjuvant concentrations; higher vs. lower number of doses of aluminium adjuvant; and aluminium phosphate adjuvant vs. aluminium hydroxide adjuvant. For all three comparisons, meta-analyses showed no evidence of a difference on all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, and adverse events considered non-serious. The certainty of evidence was low to very low. None of the included trials reported on quality of life or proportion of participants who developed the disease being vaccinated against. The benefits and harms of different types of aluminium adjuvants, different aluminium concentrations, different number of doses, or different particle sizes, therefore, remain uncertain.
A Multifaceted Approach for Evaluating Hepatitis E Virus Infectivity In Vitro: Cell Culture and Innovative Molecular Methods for Integrity Assessment
Authors: Locus Tatjana , Lambrecht Ellen , Lamoral Sophie , Willems Sjarlotte , Van Gucht Steven , Vanwolleghem Thomas , Peeters Michael
Published: November 2023

Hepatitis E virus is a prominent cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. In Western countries, most infections are asymptomatic. However, acute self-limiting hepatitis and chronic cases in immunocompromised individuals can occur. Studying HEV is challenging due to its difficulty to grow in cell culture. Consequently, the detection of the virus mainly relies on RT-qPCR, which cannot differentiate between infectious and non-infectious particles. To overcome this problem, methods assessing viral integrity offer a possible solution to differentiate between intact and damaged viruses. This study aims at optimizing existing HEV cell culture models and RT-qPCR-based assays for selectively detecting intact virions to establish a reliable model for assessing HEV infectivity. In conclusion, these newly developed methods hold promise for enhancing food safety by identifying approaches for inactivating HEV in food processing, thereby increasing food safety measures.
Study and Application of Estimation Method for Environmental Background Pollution Fluxes into the River in Source Areas
Authors: Duan Maoqing , Liu Qi , Zhang Yu , Yuan Feiyan , Meng Xianzhi , Zhang Shilu , Zhang Jun
Published: November 2023

The background values of pollutants are becoming increasingly prominent in evaluating water quality and management, and their load and output characteristics are of great significance to the study of changes in the background values. Thus, this paper studies the estimation method for background pollutant fluxes into a river in a forested river source in northeastern China with deficient data or without data. Based on the results of a soak experiment and leaching experiment, as well as natural rainfall runoff experiments, the conversion relationship of the pollutant concentration in the medium was established, the transformation relationship of the pollutant concentration in the medium was established, its load into the river in a small watershed was estimated, and the estimation method was verified according to the measurements (average relative error: 20.5%). Then, the background pollutant loading into the river was calculated on a large scale by improving the pollutant output coefficient model and the universal soil loss equation (average relative error: 18.7%, 24.7%). The results show that the method mentioned above can better reflect the background pollutant loading into the river. This study provides an effective strategy to estimate the background pollutant loading into rivers in areas without data or with missing data, and also provides a theoretical basis for the study of zoning and the formulation of a water environment evaluation system based on background values.
Nutrient Loadings and Exchange between the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea: Changes over the Past Two Decades (2001–2020)
Authors: Stakėnienė Rimutė , Jokšas Kęstutis , Kriaučiūnienė Jūratė , Jakimavičius Darius , Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė Eva
Published: November 2023

The Baltic Sea faces prolonged eutrophication due to nutrient pollution, with the Nemunas River regulating nutrient input via the Curonian Lagoon. In this study, we aimed to assess the seasonal variations and changes over the past two decades in nutrient concentrations within the Curonian Lagoon–Baltic Sea transitional zone, and to identify the main factors affecting these trends. We observed slightly reduced nutrient levels in the lagoon and the Klaipėda Strait and increased nitrogen loadings in the Baltic Sea nearshore over time. Between 2007 and 2009, the average total nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the Klaipeda Strait and the Baltic Sea were 1.60 ± 0.25 and 0.54 ± 0.04 mg/L, respectively, while the average total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the Klaipeda Strait and the Baltic Sea were 0.061 ± 0.04 and 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/L, respectively. Between 2018 and 2020, TN concentrations in the Strait and the Sea were 1.2 ± 0.36 and 0.65 ± 0.32 mg/L, respectively, while the average TP concentrations in the Klaipeda Strait and the Baltic Sea were 0.025 ± 0.002 and 0.021 ± 0.002 mg/L, respectively. The average annual amount of TN and TP entering the Curonian Lagoon from the sea was 2736 t and 162 t, respectively. Significantly higher nutrient influx to the Baltic Sea was recorded reaching 32,302 t for TN and 1278 t for TP. Nutrient concentrations correlated with water temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, influenced by seasonal runoff patterns and climate change. Over time, there have been noticeable shifts in environmental conditions, including rising temperatures, decreasing oxygen levels, salinity changes, increased evaporation, and reduced precipitation.
Study on Cascade Density of the Impeller Based on Response Surface Analysis
Authors: Gao Mengxing , Cheng Li
Published: November 2023

In order to improve the cavitation performance of hydraulic machinery in the design stage, the response surface analysis method is used to study the influence of cascade density on the hydraulic characteristics and cavitation characteristics of a three-dimensional rotating hydrofoil. For this method, an axial flow impeller with a specific speed of 750 is selected as the experimental object. Nine groups of three-dimensional rotating hydrofoils with different cascade densities were designed by the D-optimal quadratic sampling method. The impeller and guide vane were structured and meshed by TurboGrid. The inlet and outlet extension sections were structured and meshed by ICEM. Grid independence analysis was carried out. The hydraulic characteristics and cavitation characteristics of nine groups of hydrofoils were calculated by CFD numerical simulation. The calculation results of nine groups of schemes were analyzed from three angles of external characteristics, flow pattern and cavitation performance, and the better schemes under each analysis angle were obtained. By means of response surface analysis, more external characteristics and cavitation characteristics of different cascade densities will be filled. Finally, combined with the response target, the influence of cascade density on each target is analyzed and the comprehensive selection range of hub and shroud is given. This method can improve the rationality of sampling, and select a more suitable range of cascade density by designing fewer impellers.
Understanding How Reservoir Operations Influence Methane Emissions: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Jager Henriette I. , Pilla Rachel M. , Hansen Carly H. , Matson Paul G. , Iftikhar Bilal , Griffiths Natalie A.
Published: November 2023

Because methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), understanding controls on methane emissions from reservoirs is an important goal. Yet, reservoirs are complex ecosystems, and mechanisms by which reservoir operations influence methane emissions are poorly understood. In part, this is because emissions occur in ‘hot spots’ and ‘hot moments’. In this study, we address three research questions, ‘What are the causal pathways through which reservoir operations and resulting water level fluctuations (WLF) influence methane emissions?’; ‘How do influences from WLF differ for seasonal drawdown and diurnal hydropeaking operations?’; and ‘How does understanding causal pathways inform practical options for mitigation?’. A graphical conceptual model is presented that links WLF in reservoirs to methane emissions via four causal pathways: (1) water-column mixing (2) drying–rewetting cycles, (3) sediment delivery and redistribution, and (4) littoral vegetation. We review what is known about linkages for WLF at seasonal and diurnal resolutions generate research questions, and hypothesize strategies for moderating methane emissions by interrupting each causal pathway. Those related to flow management involve basin-scale management of tributary flows, seasonal timing of hydropeaking (pathway #1), timing and rates of drawdown (pathway #2). In addition, we describe how sediment (pathway #3) and vegetation management (pathway #4) could interrupt linkages between WLF and emissions. We demonstrate the strength of conceptual modeling as a tool for generating plausible hypotheses and suggesting mitigation strategies. Future research is needed to develop simpler models at appropriate timescales that can be validated and used to manage flow releases from reservoirs.
Review of Management System and State-of-Charge Estimation Methods for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Sarda Jigar , Patel Hirva , Popat Yashvi , Hui Kueh , Sain Mangal
Published: November 2023

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are critically important for the future of electric vehicles. Due to the shifting global environment for electrical distribution and consumption, energy storage systems (ESS) are amongst the electrical power system solutions with the fastest growing market share. Any ESS must have the capacity to regulate the modules from the system in the case of abnormal situations as well as the ability to monitor, control, and maximize the performance of one or more battery modules. Such a system is known as a battery management system (BMS). One parameter that is included in the BMS is the state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery. The BMS is used to enhance battery performance while including the necessary safety measures in the system. SOC estimation is a key BMS feature, and precise modelling and state estimation will improve stable operation. This review discusses the current methods used in BEV LIB SOC modelling and estimation. It also efficiently monitors all of the electrical characteristics of a battery-pack system, including the voltage, current, and temperature. The main function of a BMS is to safeguard a battery system for machine electrification and electric propulsion. The major responsibility of the BMS is to guarantee the trustworthiness and safety of the battery cells coupled to create high currents at high voltage levels. This article examines the advancements and difficulties in (i) cutting-edge battery technology and (ii) cutting-edge BMS for electric vehicles (EVs). This article’s main goal is to outline the key characteristics, benefits and drawbacks, and recent technological developments in SOC estimation methods for a battery. The study follows the pertinent industry standards and addresses the functional safety component that concerns BMS. This information and knowledge will be valuable for vehicle manufacturers in the future development of new SOC methods or an improvement in existing ones.
The role of free radical oxidation in pathogenesis of recurrent epistaxis
Authors:   FSBEI HE Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Bykova V. V.
Published: November 2023

Epistaxis is rarely accompanied by significant blood loss, which poses a real threat to life. However, in some cases, clinical symptoms characterizing the severity of hemodynamic and metabolic disorders appear with relatively little blood loss. This is possible in patients with concomitant diseases that reduce the compensatory capabili ties of the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this work was a comparative study of indicators of free radical oxida tion in the blood of patients with single and recurrent epistaxis. A study of free radical oxidation was conducted in patients with single and recurrent epistaxis against the background of arterial hypertension. The level of free radical processes in the blood serum was studied by chemiluminescence induced by divalent iron ions before and after graduated exercise. The obtained data indicate the possible participation of free radical oxidation processes in the occurrence of recurrent bleeding and the need to include antioxidants in the complex of therapeutic measures.
Vladislav Vasilievich Kosarev, honored scientist of the Russian Federation, professor, founder of the Samara Scientific and Pedagogical School of Occupational Pathologists
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A.
Published: November 2023

Vladislav Vasilievich Kosarev (January 29, 1944 — June 14, 2015), PhD in Medicine, professor, honored scientist of the Russian Federation, honorary professor of the Samara State Medical University, is the founder of the Samara Scientific and Pedagogical School of Occupational Pathologists.
Sapropel as a feeding additive in animal husbandry
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University”, Russia, Tyumen, Volkov V. V. , Osinovskaya L. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University”, Russia, Tyumen, Belenkaya A. E. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University”, Russia, Tyumen, Volkova E. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University”, Russia, Tyumen
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the research was to identify the benefi cial properties of sapropel as a feed additive in animal husbandry. Sapropel is one of the most promising substances as an environmentally friendly and high-quality organomineral fertilizer. In most practice-oriented works devoted to the use of sapropel, this bio-raw material is considered either as an earth layer in geological research, or as a natural fertilizer in crop production. The benefi cial properties of sapropel make it possible to obtain higher yields, both in large agricultural holdings and on private land. However, the issue of using sapropel as the feed additive in animal husbandry has not been suffi ciently developed by science. That is why the article summarized the data collected in modern Russian and foreign scientifi c sources, namely studies confi rming the benefi cial eff ect of sapropel as a feed additive on the body of animals, including of dairy cows. This chemical composition of sapropel on the example of an organomineral feed additive “Feed Sapropel” has been discussed in the article. The chemical composition of sapropel was studied in accordance with quality standards by the testing laboratory “Elma-test”. The elements contained in the studied feed additive have been described in the article in detail. It was experimentally revealed that the content of all useful mineral substances, except iron and sulfur, in the test sample exceeded the normative indicators. After analyzing the content of toxic substances in the studied material, and revealing their extremely low content, the authors came to the conclusion that this additive, if properly introduced into the diets, will not harm animals. The authors conclude that sapropel contains many substances that animals need for normal growth and development, as well as to maintain high productivity.
Artificial reproduction of the sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L., 1758) in Vologda region
Authors:   Vologda branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Vologda, Borisov M.Ya. , Konovalov A.F. ,   Vologda branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Vologda, Ignashev A.A. ,   Vologda branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Vologda, Dumnich N.V. ,   Vologda branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Russia, Vologda
Published: November 2023

The paper examines the preliminary results of measures taken for artificial reproduction of sterlet Acipenser ruthenus L., 1758 in Vologda region water reservoirs, carried out in 2014–2023. The authors calculate that for the formation of a significant commercial replenishment, it is necessary to annually release 170 thousand specimens into the Sukhona, Yug, Mologa rivers and the river part of the Sheksninsky Reservoir, and 50 thousand specimens of sterlet fingerlings with an average weight of 5 grams — into the Vaga River. The total release volumes over the ten-year period amounted to more than 2.7 million specimens, including 1.3 million into the Sukhona River, 534 thousand — into the Yug River, 455 thousand — into the Mologa River, 326 thousand — into the Sheksna Reservoir, and 89 thousand specimens — into the Vaga River. In research fishing with fixed nets in the Mologa River in 2018–2022, sterlet accounted for 42% of the total number and almost 50% of the biomass, in the Sukhona River in 2021–2022 — 18% and 25%, respectively, and in the river part of the Sheksninsky reservoir in 2020–2022 — 18% and 10%. The body length of the fish caught in the Mologa River varied between 20–51 cm, in the Sukhona River — 29–52 cm, in the Sheksninsky Reservoir — 16–37 cm, its weight was, respectively, 44–958 grams, 176–1278 grams and 22–336 grams. In the Mologa River and the Sheksninsky Reservoir, replenishment of populations is carried out only through artificial reproduction, and in the Sukhona River, natural spawning of fish has apparently also been preserved.
Comparative characteristics of the effect of probiotics Vetom 2 and Liquafed in growing rainbow trout in ST “Romanov” (Leningrad region)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, Russia, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Nechaeva T.A. , Ilyina L.A. ,   St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, Russia, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Nazarov V.A. ,   ST Romanov, Russia, Leningrad region, Lomonosovsky district, village Lopukhinka, Kovalchuk M.I. ,   ST Romanov, Russia, Leningrad region, Lomonosovsky district, village Lopukhinka, Zaikin V.A. ,   LLC “Biotrof”, Russia, Leningrad region, Kolpino
Published: November 2023

In the conditions of modern industrial fish farms of various types, the risk of bacterial diseases increases. Various probiotic and immunomodulatory preparations are actively used in modern aquaculture. Especially popular are probiotics based on Bacillus subtilus, which are used in the cultivation of carp, sturgeon and salmon fish. Recently, a large positive experience has been accumulated in the use of Vetom 1.1 in fish farming (manufactured by the Scientific and Production Company Research Center, Novosibirsk). At the same time, fish farms actively use Vetom 2, created on the basis of dried spore biomass of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis bacteria. For use in aquaculture, LikvaFid seems to be promising, containing as active ingredients live cultures of the bacteria Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis (manufactured by LLC BIOTROF, St. Petersburg). Experimental work on the use of probiotics of domestic production LikvaFid and Vetom 2 was carried out at the fish-breeding enterprise Sole Trader Romanov (Leningrad region, Lopukhinka village). A one-year-old rainbow trout was chosen as the object of research. Vetom 2 and LikVafid were administered orally with food by irrigation at a dosage of 5 g/kg and 2 g/kg, respectively, in two courses, the duration of each course was 10 days, the interval between them was 40 days. An analysis of the results of the experimental work showed a statistically significant increase in body weight and length in the experimental groups, as well as a significant increase in the growth rate. The absolute increase in the experiment is 1.4–1.7 times higher than in the control. At the same time, the maximum indicators for almost all significant morpho-biological indicators were found in fish treated with the LiquaFeed probiotic. The relative growth rate in this group is 1.2 times higher than in the control. Research work confirms the beneficial effect of these preparations on the processes of fish digestion. Strains of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus megaterium, due to their probiotic activity, stimulate the growth of normal intestinal microflora. Improving the absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract, inhibiting the development of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, and stimulating the immune system contribute to a more active growth of rainbow trout.
El-Âcurûmiyye Üzerine Nazım Çalışmaları: Emir Burhaneddîn’in ed-Dürretü’l-Burhaniyye fî nazmi’l-Âcurrûmiyye Adlı Manzumesi Örneği
Authors: GÜZEL Mehmet Emin
Published: November 2023

İbn Âcurrûm’un (ö. 723/1323) el-Mukaddimetü’l-Âcurrûmiyye adlı eseri, birçok dilci tarafından nazmedilmiştir. Bu çalışmada Âcurrûmiyye nâzımlarından Emîr Burhaneddin’in (ö. 960/1553) ed-Dürretü’l-burhâniye fî nazmi’l-Âcurrûmiyye adlı manzumesi incelenmiştir. Hicrî onuncu yüzyıla ait olan bu eser, günümüze ulaşabilen erken dönem Âcurrûmiye nazım örneklerinden olması hasebiyle öneme haizdir. Çalışmada öncelikle nahiv ilminde nazım geleneği ve Âcurrûmiyye metni üzerine yazılan manzum eserler hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmiş, ardından müellif ve eseri tanıtılmıştır. Manzumeye ait el yazmanın fiziksel özellikleri ve içerik analizi yapıldıktan sonra metnine yer verilmiştir. Eserin neşrinde günümüze ulaşan hicrî on üçüncü yüzyıla ait tek nüsha esas alınmıştır. Eserin, didaktik manzumelerde yaygın olduğu gibi recez bahrinin urcuze formunda nazmedildiği görülmüştür. Yüz elli sekiz beyitten oluşan eserde, mukaddime ve hatimenin yanı sıra otuz konu başlığı yer almaktadır. Bu başlıklarda kelime türleri, i’râb, i’râb alametleri ve mu’reb çeşitleri ele alınmıştır. Müellif, mukaddimede belirttiği üzere Âcurrumiyye’den farklı olarak az da olsa manzumede bazı ilave ve eksiltmeler yapmıştır.
Avaliação do inoculante BR 29 + BR 10141 + BR 10788 (Bradyrhizobium elkanii + Bacillus subtilis + Paraburkholderia nodosa) na promoção do crescimento na cultura da soja (Glycine max)
Authors: Dos Santos Rodnei , Grzegozewski Denise Maria , De Azeredo Adriano Renato , De Azeredo Rafaela Porciuncula , De Azeredo Caren Alessandra Frizzo , Zilles Fernanda Kelly da Silva
Published: November 2023

A presente pesquisa foi conduzida com o objetivo de avaliar a eficiência agronômica de diferentes doses do microrganismo promotor de crescimento BR 29 + BR 10141 + BR 10788 (Bradyrhizobium elkanii + Bacillus subtilis + Paraburkholderia nodosa 2 x 109 + 1,2 x 108 + 5 x 108 UFC.g-1), no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja (Glycine max), e do possível efeito patogênico dos tratamentos à cultura. Para tal fim, foram instalados quatro estudos nas cidades de Ponta Grossa – PR, Paranapanema – SP, Bandeirantes – PR e Paranavaí – PR, na Safra 2020/2021. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, utilizando-se a cultivar 58I60 RSF IPRO – BMX LANÇA IPRO. Os resultados obtidos nas quatro localidades edafoclimáticas, evidenciaram que o inoculante BR 29 + BR 10141 + BR 10788 aplicado via tratamento de sementes, impactou positivamente na promoção do crescimento das plantas de soja e não causou quaisquer sintomas de fitotoxidade. As doses de 175 e 250 mL ha-1 do inoculante BR 29 + BR 10141 + BR 10788 contribuíram para o aumento da germinação e estande final de plantas, bem como no aumento da biomassa da parte aérea e da raiz, maior número de nódulos e massa seca de nódulos em relação à testemunha. Os ganhos nos parâmetros analisados proporcionados pela aplicação do inoculante se refletiram em valores de produtividade maiores que os observados na testemunha, sendo as doses de 175 e 250 mL ha-1 as que apresentaram produtividades mais altas, com um aumento no rendimento de grãos de até 10% em relação à testemunha. Recomenda-se o uso do inoculante BR 29 + BR 10141 + BR 10788 nas doses de 175 e 250 mL ha-1 para utilização como promotor de crescimento vegetal na cultura da soja.
Teologi Rahim Dalam Memori Kolektif Ritual Nyaki Dirit Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Natalia Desi , Panuntun Daniel Fajar
Published: November 2023

Tulisan ini menerangkan tentang makna dari ritual nyaki dirit, yaitu manusia mengakui adanya Kekuasaan di luar dirinya. Melalui ritual nyaki dirit ini pula, adanya kesadaran dari manusia akan Penciptanya. Selain itu, ritual ini juga memberikan makna akan suatu harapan, doa dan sukacita baik dari keluarga yang mengundang ritual ini maupun dari tamu yang diundang. Melalui ritual ini, harapannya orang-orang yang diundang dapat mendukung atau memberkati buah kandungan ibu agar selamat, kuat, dan sehat bagi ibu dan bayinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian sosial deskriptif dengan alur analisis melalui model analisis interaktif yang meliput pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penampilan data, dan penarikan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kekristenan melalui pandangan teologi Rahim perlu menyatakan dukungan dan preservasinya terhadap ritual ini. Pada akhirnya manusia yang rapuh akan tetap berserah kepada Tuhan dalam menyambut kehidupan melalui doa-doa bagi terbentuknya kehidupan baru yang ada dalam Rahim seorang perempuan. Penyerahan tersebut dilakukan secara kolektif melalui ritual nyaki dirit.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: FENOMENOLOGI MODERASI BERAGAMA ISLAM DAN KRISTEN DI MALUKU BERDASARKAN BUDAYA PELA GANDONG
Authors: Dominggus Dicky
Published: November 2023

Dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang majemuk pada masa kini, moderasi merupakan pembahasan yang menarik untuk diperbincangkan. Maluku merupakan daerah percontohan dalam hal moderasi beragama. Pelaksanaan moderasi di Maluku dapat berjalan optimal karena didasarkan pada berbagai kearifan lokal yang salah satunya adalah Pela Gandong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap artikel jurnal yang terbit pada tahun 2018-2022. Dalam penelitian terdapat tiga research question yakni apakah Pela Gandong memiliki peranan dalam moderasi beragama Islam dan Kristen di Maluku? Faktor apakah yang mempengaruhi Pela Gandong dapat berperan dalam moderasi beragama Islam dan Kristen di Maluku? Bagaimana bentuk dalam moderasi beragama Islam  dan Kristen di Maluku dalam Pela Gandong? Adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah Pela Gandong memiliki peranan dalam moderasi beragama Islam dan Kristen di Maluku. Adapun penyebab dari begitu kuat peranan Pela Gandong dalam moderasi beragama di Maluku disebabkan Pela Gandong itu sendiri sebagai ikatan persaudaraan yang sudah terbangun sejak zaman leluhur. Mengenai bentuk, Pela Gandong dalam moderasi beragama di Maluku adalah persaudaraan antar dua negeri (desa) yang dirumuskan dalam bentuk perjanjian di mana kedua pihak harus menyepakati dan tidak boleh melanggar satu sama lain.
Anais do II Seminário Nacional de Educação Geográfica: Formação de Professores, Metodologias de Ensino
Authors: Alves Teles Glauciana , Falcão Sobrinho José , Cavalcante de Holanda Virgínia Célia
Published: November 2023

Estes ANAIS reúnem textos debatidos nos eixos e grupos de diálogos que receberam trabalhos completos nas modalidades Pesquisas Acadêmicas e Relatos de Experiencias Educativas. As Pesquisas Acadêmicas aceitas se constituem em pesquisas na área de Ensino de Geografia e Formação de Professores de Geografia realizadas em nível de graduação (TCC, IC, PIBID, Residência Pedagógica, Projetos de Extensão, entre outras), pós-graduação (em nível de especialização, mestrado e doutorado), projetos individuais de professores universitários e pesquisas realizadas por docentes da Educação Básica. Já os Relatos de Experiencias Educativas se constituíram em relatos de experiências em forma de textos acadêmicos frutos de experiências realizadas na educação básica e/ou no ensino superior e tiveram por objetivo compartilhar as práticas de ensino, pesquisa e extensão em ambientes formais e não formais de educação. Desse modo, esta produção científica tem importância fundamental na contribuição e nos avanços das pesquisas na área do ensino de Geografia na contemporaneidade, visto que as temáticas dos eixos buscaram contemplar as mais recentes questões abordadas no âmbito da ciência geográfica e da geografia escolar. Esta produção científica dialoga, também, com uma perceptiva de internacionalização e, ao mesmo tempo, com vasta produção cientifica que o PROPGEO vem buscando consolidar.
KAJIAN POTENSI SEDIMEN HUTAN BAKAU SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF PETAMBAK UDANG PULAU PAYAU KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Muttaqin Muhammad Khoirul
Published: November 2023

Kurangnya akses listrik yang memadai bagi penduduk di wilayah pulau payau Kalimantan utara, menyebabkan mereka mencari sumber energi alternatif khususnya untuk penerangan dimalam hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi sedimen hutan bakau yang akan digunakan sebagai energi alternatif penduduk pulau payau menggunakan teknologi Sedimen Mikrobial Fuel Cell (SMFC). Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengukuran langsung dimana dalam proses pengukuran dayanya dilakukan secara langsung dilapangan dengan cara menanam kombinasi elektroda tembaga, seng dan alumunium selama 12 hari sebagai anoda dan katoda yang kemudian akan terhubung ke multimeter digital agar dapat diketahui potensi daya yang dihasilkan. Dari hasil penelitian didapati bahwa nilai tegangan tertinggi yang diperoleh ialah sebesar 809 mV dengan nilai daya tertinggi sebesar 242.7 mW. Rata-rata kerapatan daya keseluruhan yang diperoleh selama 12 hari ialah sebesar 305.4573 mW/m2 dengan nilai rata-rata kerapatan daya tertinggi diperoleh pada hari pertama sebesar 826 mW/m2. Besar kecilnya daya yang dihasilkan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi cuaca dan lama penggunaan elektroda, daya yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini masih belum begitu besar oleh karena itu diperluhkan lagi penelitian lebih lanjut guna mengoptimalkan potensi energi listrik dari lumpur bakau dengan teknologi Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell.