bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR AFEKTIF TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN BELAJAR ENGLISH FOR MANAGEMENT (ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES) DALAM ERA DISRUPSI
Authors: Basmantra Ida Nyoman , Sari Putu Ratna Juwita
Published: March 2020

The study aimed at investigating the level of some affective factors which influenced the English for Management Learning Achievement; and uncovering how, psychologically, those factors were felt by the students. The study had been carried out in three steps; first, theoretical and empirical study on affective factors yielded in six factors; second, data collection on those factors through questionnaires, and third, focused group discussion (FGD). The study applied mixed methods of data collection and analysis. Quantitative method using t test was applied to determine the level of determination of the six affective factors upon above average and low average students, respectively. Qualitative method was applied through FGD and descriptive analysis. The results of the análisis show that the level of anxiety and learned helplessness of the above average students is lower than of the below average ones; while the level of self efficacy, locus of control, interest, dan integrativeness of the above average students is higher than of the below average ones. For the above average students, low level of anxiety and learned helplessness supports learning, and high level of self-efficacy, locus of control, interest, dan integrativeness is a bid modality for their success. The below average students, however, tend to be stucked by high level of anxiety and learned helplessness which hinders their learning.
The effectiveness of the implementation of pile foundations on the example of the reactor building of a nuclear power plant with VVER-1000
Authors: Sargsyan Akop E. , Gukova Elena G.
Published: March 2020

Aims. The purpose of this work is to justify the reliability of the developed models of pile foundations on the data of field observers and to demonstrate the feasibility of using pile foundations to increase the stability and bearing capacity of the NPP structures foundation using the example of reactor building (RB). Methods. The data of field observers for the settlement of the RB are presented. The expressions for calculation of the static stiffness of the contact surface of the slab bottom and soil medium, as well as for pile foundations taking into account the effects of interaction of grillage and pile field with the soil media with a general character of displacement of a circular cross section pile are submitted. A spatial three-dimensional finite element static model of RB was developed together with the soil base. Isolines of vertical movements of RB fundamental slabs for natural foundations, as well as for pile foundations for normal operation are shown. A comparative analysis of the data of field observers with the calculation results allows us to justify the reliability of the developed model of the pile foundation. Results. The calculations of the foundation yield correspond to all the period of operation including construction, and the results of observations relate only to the period of operation that explain the difference. A comparative analysis of the data of field observers with the calculation results allows us to justify of the strong effectiveness of realization of pile foundation for the massive structures on soft soil bases.
Accounting for geometric nonlinearity in finite element strength calculations of thin-walled shell-type structures
Authors: Klochkov Yuriy V. , Nikolaev Anatoliy P. , Ishchanov Tlek R. , Andreev Alexandr S. , Klochkov Mikhail Yu.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. Currently, in connection with the wider spread of large-span thinwalled structures such as shells, an urgent issue is the development of computational algorithms for the strength calculation of such objects in a geometrically nonlinear formulation. Despite a significant number of publications on this issue, a rather important aspect remains the need to improve finite element models of such shells that would combine the relative simplicity of the resolving equations, allowance for shear deformations, compactness of the stiffness matrix being formed, the facilitated possibility of modeling and changing boundary conditions and etc. The aim of the work is to develop a finite element algorithm for calculating a thin shell with allowance for shear deformations in a geometrically nonlinear formulation using a finite element with a limited number of variable nodal parameters. Methods. As research tools, the numerical finite element method was chosen. The basic geometric relations between the increment of deformations and the increment of the components of the displacement vector and the increment of the components of the normal vector angle are obtained in two versions of the normal angle of the reference. The stiffness matrix and the column of nodal forces of the quadrangular finite element at the loading step were obtained by minimizing the Lagrange functional. Results. On the example of calculating a cylindrical panel rigidly clamped at the edges under the action of a concentrated force, the efficiency of the developed algorithm was shown in a geometrically nonlinear setting, taking into account the transverse shear strain.
Geometric characteristics of the deformation state of the shells with orthogonal coordinate system of the middle surfaces
Authors: Ivanov Vyacheslav N. , Shmeleva Alisa A.
Published: March 2020

The aim of this work is to receive the geometrical equations of strains of shells at the common orthogonal not conjugated coordinate system. At the most articles, textbooks and monographs on the theory and analysis of the thin shell there are considered the shells the coordinate system of which is given at the lines of main curvatures. Derivation of the geometric equations of the deformed state of the thin shells in the lines of main curvatures is given, specifically, at monographs of the theory of the thin shells of V.V. Novozhilov, K.F. Chernih, A.P. Filin and other Russian and foreign scientists. The standard methods of mathematic analyses, vector analysis and differential geometry are used to receive them. The method of tensor analysis is used for receiving the common equations of deformation of non orthogonal coordinate system of the middle shell surface of thin shell. The equations of deformation of the shells in common orthogonal coordinate system (not in the lines of main curvatures) are received on the base of this equation. Derivation of the geometric equations of deformations of thin shells in orthogonal not conjugated coordinate system on the base of differential geometry and vector analysis (without using of tensor analysis) is given at the article. This access may be used at textbooks as far as at most technical institutes the base of tensor analysis is not given.
Substantiation of the necessity and method of upgrading the software of the measuring complex for assessing the load capacity of girder spans of road bridges
Authors: Salamakhin Pavel M. , Lugovtsev Evgenii A.
Published: March 2020

The article notes that the software of the complex used in the Russian troops to solve in a short time the actual problem of determining the possibility of safe passage of super heavy loads on girder road bridges has the following disadvantages: 1) it can only be used for split concrete bridges; 2) the decision to pass a large load through the bridge is made only by the value of the deflection in the center of the span, without taking into account the resulting stresses in the bridge span structure structures, and without taking into account the bearing capacity of the supports. In the article, in order to eliminate these shortcomings: 1) a strict formula is obtained for calculating the deflection in the middle of beam spans made of any structural materials from the angle of rotation of their support sections; 2) based on the use of the fundamental relationship between the relative heights of girder spans, the relative deformations of the edges of their cross sections and their relative deflections, it is proved that the maximum stresses in the edges of the cross sections of girder spans from any structural materials can be calculated by the maximum deflection value in the middle of their spans; 3) a method is established for determining the ability of beam bridge supports to ensure safe passage of a heavy vehicle by the nature of changing the rotation angles of the supporting cross sections of the span structures under the influence of the movement of the heavy vehicle layout. Taking these three results into account, when upgrading the software of the measurement system, ensures that the goal of the work is achieved.
Numerical analysis of stability of the stiffened plates subjected aliquant critical loads
Authors: Manuylov Gaik A. , Kositsyn Sergey B. , Grudtsyna Irina E.
Published: March 2020

The aim of the work is to research the precritical and postcritical equilibrium of the stiffened plates subjected aliquant critical loads. Methods. The finiteelement complex MSC PATRAN - NASTRAN was used in the paper. To simulate the plates, flat four-node elements were used. Calculations taking into account geometric nonlinearity were carried out. The material of the shells was considered absolutely elastic. Results. A technique has been developed to study the stability of reinforced longitudinally compressed plates; the critical forces of the stiffened plates of various thicknesses had been calculated. Graphs of deflections dependences on the value of the compressive load had been constructed. The influence of initial geometric imperfections on the value of the critical loads for stiffened plates has been investigated.
New operational ratios and their application to non-stationary tasks for rods based on S.P. Timoshenko theory
Authors: Zonenberg Alexander L.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. In order to study transient wave processes of deformation in rods on the basis of S.P. Timoshenko theory, it is necessary to have accurate analytical solutions to non-stationary problems in general form. Each accurate solution within this analytical model is an accurate description of the real process, serves as a criterion in assessing the accuracy of approximate solutions. When using operational calculus to analyze traveling waves, it is the inverse Laplace - Carson transformation that poses the greatest difficulty. It follows from the published works that the available solutions to some private problems either have a structure that does not allow to judge the main features of the investigated process, or their efficiency in calculations is achieved only in some rather limited areas of coordinate and time. This problem, which requires resolution, determined the purpose of this article. The aim of the work. The article is devoted to the development of new operational ratios and their application to the construction of accurate analytical solutions to the non-stationary problems of S.P. Timoshenko's theory for rods in a general form, in a physically visible and convenient form for practical calculations. Methods. The work uses methods of function theory of complex variable, operational calculus based on the integral Laplace - Carson transformation, methods of structure dynamics. Results. In general form three types of non-stationary tasks for semi-infinite rod based on Timoshenko theory are formulated. New operational ratios have been obtained. Based on these ratios, a method of inverse transformation without using a general conversion formula has been developed. Solutions of problems are recorded in the form of integrals from Bessel functions and, unlike solutions available in the literature, clearly show the wave nature of the studied processes, have a visual and compact appearance. An example of calculation is reviewed.
Earthquake resistance analysis of structural systems of multi-storey civil buildings
Authors: Abaev Zaurbek K. , Kodzaev Marat Yu. , Bigulaev Aleksandr A.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. Increasing the density of urban population requires the use of optimal structural systems of multi-storey civil buildings, however, despite a large number of studies on the rationality of their application, the question of choosing an assessment of seismic resistance of structural systems of multi-storey civil buildings is still open. The aim of the study. This study aims to determine advantages and disadvantages of structural systems of multi-storey buildings in seismic areas. Methods. The results of comparison analysis of five structural systems (columns grid - 6×6 m, storey height - 3 m, number of storeys - 20) are presented in this article. The structural systems are: frame & tube, frame & core, core & walls, framed core & walls, framed core & tube. The calculation were done according to Building Code 14.13330.2018 for an earthquake of 8 points intensity of MSK-64 intensity scale. The SCAD Office software package was used for modeling and analyzing. The sum of the effective modal masses taken in the calculation was at least 90% of the total mass of the system excited in the direction of the seismic action for horizontal impacts and at least 75% - for vertical impacts. Results. The comparison was carried out according to the following criteria: maximum displacements, maximum compressive and tensile stresses, maximum periods of natural oscillations, maximum accelerations.
State-Actor-Society Relations: The Challenges of Development Practices of Hydropower Project in North Western Ethiopia
Authors: Belete Fasika Gedif
Published: March 2020

This article examines the effects of state-society relations for the development of hydropower programs in the North Western Ethiopia. The Beles valley is one of the major development corridor recognized in the country of which attempts were made to harness hydropower in the mid 1980s. In this valley, hydropower development program was initiated to enhance sustainable national economy through power production. However, this public investment has been facing challenges shortly after the commencement of the project. Methodologically, the paper is based on qualitative method conducted in cross sectional manner in the Beles upper valley, North Western Ethiopia. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions and consultation of secondary documents. The data were analyzed through thematic and content analysis. The major challenge of the hydropower development practice in the Beles valley was associated with state-actor relations. There was security dynamics by the move violence between the state force and insurgent armed group. The situation was further complicated by the society’s negative perception to the project attempted to be implemented in the upper stream by government. Related to these, low linkage between the Beles valley rural communities to the nearby administration and regional economy has also impacted the development of Beles hydroelectric projects. The article shows that how the state, actors and society relations affected the development projects attempted in mid 1980s for implementation in the Beles valley.
Addressing local government issues in the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation during the implementation of municipal reform in Russia
Authors: Amiantov Aleksey Andreevich
Published: March 2020

The presented study is devoted to the study of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in relation to issues of local self-government in the context of the municipal reform of 2014-2015. and its legal consequences. The aim of this work is to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the identified problems of the work of local authorities in the period following the start of municipal reform. The research methodology is built by combining descriptive analysis elements and a case study. It is concluded that the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has consistently maintained its position on the constitutional nature of the reform of local authorities. The provisions of the relevant regulatory legal acts are limited only partially and only in relation to first-level municipalities - municipal authorities of settlements. Given the deprivation of the latter a significant part of the powers and the observed transition to a singlelevel system of local self-government, the adoption of these restrictions does not significantly affect the implementation of the reform. Of fundamental importance is the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the new powers of regional authorities in relation to municipalities. The increase in the arsenal of legal instruments of the influence of the leadership of the constituent entities of the federation on the heads of local self-government was not interpreted as a violation of the constitutional principle of the independence of municipalities. The latter opens up the possibility for further legalization of the process of embedding municipal bodies in the structure of the informal “power vertical”.
Reserves of managerial personnel in the Russian Federation as a tool for the development of personnel in the field of public administration
Authors: Sheburakov Ilya Borisovich
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the nature, types and purpose of personnel reserves. The author focuses on the principles and mechanisms of the formation of the reserve of managerial personnel, on the role of assessment in the formation of the reserve and directions for increasing its efficiency and effectiveness. Based on the analysis of practices for the formation of reserves of managerial personnel at both the federal and regional levels, further directions for increasing the efficiency of reserves of managerial personnel as an integrated personnel technology in the context of the development of public administration personnel are substantiated.
The priority tasks of the state in ensuring the growth of real incomes of the population
Authors: Ordynskaia Elena Valerievna
Published: March 2020

The article discusses issues related to the need to ensure the growth of real incomes of the population. The author analyzes the impact of a number of factors on the level of real disposable income. In particular, based on a study of the number and size of mandatory and quasi-mandatory expenses, the necessity of implementing a number of measures to reform the tax system, as well as socially significant sectors, is substantiated.
Communicative aspects of the Arabic language in network management and the spread of terrorist organizations
Authors: Osipov Victor Anatolyevich , Salieva Umeda Bakhtiyorovna
Published: March 2020

The article studies the possibilities of using communicative and interdisciplinary approaches in the modern world with the formation and distribution of terrorist organizations that, within the framework of this study, solve the problem of using the Arabic language to propagate relevant ideas, recruitment, manipulation, etc. Particular attention is paid to the principle of a linguistic approach, where such methods as self-identification, consolidation, the formation of semantic networks can be implemented. Language is not only a solution to the many problems of modern society, but also requires new efforts. That forms a special problematic field and requires updating the theoretical and methodological aspects of the social and humanitarian sciences and scientific practices in the field of public administration and security.
21st Century Migration: Opportunity, Calamity or Weapon of War? A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Beck Marko
Published: March 2020

Migration flows from the Global South is one of most pertinent sociopolitical issues influencing 21st century geopolitics with wider connotations to social, cultural and political developments in modern world. Issues originating from mass migration, were not predicted and dealt with time, hence significant and constant political and scientific efforts are being invested to regulate and outline a sustainable migration model which will include all political, sociocultural and economic parameters. Main research objective takes a comparative prospective between migration issues in the EU and Russian Federation with accent on illegal migration. Main questions are if liberal EU policy towards migration is causing a rise of radicalism among indigenous (native EU) population, moreover if the core European/Christian values are under pressure and as well if there is a decline in EU living standard. This article is determining key factors and analyzing possible political impacts of migration, particularly illegal migration towards the European Union keeping in prospective recent events of the European Migration Crisis 2015. Analysis in this article lies in the realist school of thought in international politics and it uses empirical approach and comparative methods of Comparative politics in political science.
Soviet-Tajik Writing Intelligentsia in the Late 1930s
Authors: Seay Nicholas
Published: March 2020

This paper looks at the formation of a Tajik-Soviet writing elite in the 1930s, exploring how a new generation of Soviet writers in the late 1930s emerged out of new state institutions. Prior to their emergence, the founders of Tajik literature - Sadriddin Aini and Abolqosim Lahuti - used their unique position vis-à-vis Moscow to shape the direction of Tajik literature. Despite the former’s important place in Soviet hagiography, it was the younger generation of Tajik writers - including writers like Mirzo Tursunzoda, Jalol Ikromi, Sotim Ulughzoda, and others - that emerged on the all-Union writing scene in the late 1930s and became key cultural and political fi gures in the post-war era. While the role of the Tajik writer inevitably became the portrayal of the national subject in the modern context of Soviet development, this article shows how comparing the themes and writings of these two generations in the 1930s demonstrates how Tajik national identity building related to the nationalities policies of the early Soviet Union and, in particular, the relationship between Tajik national identity and territory. This paper relies on a few primary source materials the Central State Archive of the Republic of Tajikistan, but also online archives, newspapers/periodicals, and published Books and collections. This paper fi nds that the mobilization of a younger generation of Tajik-Soviet Writing Intelligentsia led to the creation of a new vision of Tajik national identity unfolding in a Soviet space. Unlike the early writers Sadriddin Aini and Abolqosim Lahuti, these younger writers emerged in new Soviet institutions and therefore projected a new Soviet-Tajik identity in the late 1930s and eventually became leaders of Central Asian literature in the post WWII period
Marriage and Family in Udmurtia between 1939-1959
Authors: Uvarov Sergey N.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the transformation of the marriage and family structures of the population of Udmurtia in the period between 1939 to 1959. Attention is paid to the study of the infl uence of the Great Patriotic War on the family and marriage in the republic. Sources used include census materials from 1939 and 1959 and statistical records from the period in question. With the beginning of the war, the number of marriages in Udmurtia sharply decreased. The smallest number of marriages was observed in 1942. In the countryside, this was a reduction of more than three times, indicating a unusually great shortage of men. A direct consequence of the war was a reduction in the average family size as well as an increase in families headed by women. By 1959, 38.5 % of families in the countryside were led by women. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, remarriages became more frequent in Udmurtia. Between 1944 and 1951 they were mostly concluded by women who presumably had lost their husbands in the fi ghting. The extramarital birth rate also sharply increased. In the post-war period, particularly in the rural areas many children were born out of wedlock. The extramarital birth rate reached its peak in 1950, when every third child in Udmurtia was born out of wedlock.
The formation of bodies of power and self-government in the Kuban region during the revolutionary changes of 1917
Authors: Emtyl Zarema Ya. , Pakhomov Andrey V.
Published: March 2020

The present article studies the emergence of institutions of government and autonomy in the Kuban region during the revolutionary transformations of 1917. In the Kuban region, this process diff ered from the development of similar institutions in other provinces of the Russian Empire; these diff erences resulted from the peculiarities of colonization and from the social structure of the region’s population, as well as from the pre-revolutionary management of the region. As the authors demonstrate, the system of government and self-administration in the region encompassed all social estates, in line with post-February democratic processes. The article analyzes the reasons for the failure of this system. The authors identify two periods. Between March 1917 and July 1917, the establishment of governmental bodies and bodies of self-administration was in line with postFebruary democratic processes and aimed at the formation of a more democratic system of regional and local government. The second period, which began in July 1917, was of counter-revolutionary nature; the authorities seized the bodies of Cossack self-government. The abolition of land committees, the closure of the oblast’ council and executive committee, the restriction of the activities of left parties, the elimination of civil committees and the transfer of all power to the Kuban Military government left no legal room for considering the interests of all classes. By the autumn of 1917, the system of governance formed in the Kuban region was not aimed at achieving social harmony and peace but formed the basis for acute social confl ict.
The Raid in the Editorial Of ice of the Turkish Newspaper Tan, 1945, and its Impact on the State of Soviet-Turkish and US-Turkish Relations in the Post-WWII Period
Authors: Sıvış Efe
Published: March 2020

The author examines the demonstrations carried out by university students in Istanbul on December 4, 1945 and the raid on the printing operations of the pro-Soviet Tan newspaper, known as the Tan Raid, in light of U.S. State Department documents, namely the related fi les in National Archives Records Administration. The infl uence of the Tan Raid on Turkey’s international relations is discussed in the context of Turkish-American and Turkish-Soviet relations. The Raid is regarded as a signifi cant incident since it coincides with the post WW2 period when Turkey’s relations with the Soviet Union had already deteriorated due to Moscow’s demands to revise the Montreux Convention by 19th of March 1945. Furthermore, Turkish-American diplomatic contacts in the aftermath of the Raid show Washington’s perspective on policy towards Soviet Union, as U.S. offi cials advised a moderate line to their Turkish counterparts. On the other hand, preparations for the Raid seem highly controversial since Turkish government offi cials did not strongly condemn the event and the police did not intervene against the protestors despite of their violent actions towards Tan and some left leaning bookstores. The slogans during the demonstration show its anti-Soviet character, which Ankara denied in order to decrease tensions with the Soviets by arguing that it was Tan ’s owner, the Sertel couple to whom the anger was directed, not the Soviet Union. The intelligence obtained by diplomats at the U.S. Embassy in Ankara, the meetings they conducted with Turkish politicians, their conclusions regarding the process leading up to the raid, and their opinions on Turkish-Soviet relations provide the background for the analysis.
‘Stalinist Russocentrism’: An Interview with David Brandenberger about the Second Russian Edition of his Monograph National Bolshevism: Stalinist Mass Culture and the Formation of Modern Russian National Identity, 1931-1956 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002. viii, 378 p.)
Authors: Brandenberger David
Published: March 2020

David Brandenberger holds a doctorate in history (PhD.) and is professor of Russian and Soviet history in the Department of History at the University of Richmond (USA). He is also an associate researcher at the National Research University “Higher School of Economics” in Moscow. He is the author of books on the formation of Russian national identity during the Stalin era and on the infl uence that party propaganda and mass culture had on that process. In this interview, David Brandenberger discusses the arguments and methodologies that contributed to his monograph that was initially published in English and then in two Russian editions: National Bolshevism: Stalinist Mass Culture and the Formation of Modern Russian National Identity, 1931-1956 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002), Natsional-bol’shevizm: stalinskaya massovaya kul’tura i formirovaniye russkogo natsional’nogo samosoznaniya, 1931-1956 gg. (St Petersburg: Akademicheskiy proekt, 2009) и Stalinskiy russotsentrizm: Sovetskaya massovaya kul’tura i formirovaniye russkogo natsional’nogo samosoznaniya, 1931-1956 gg . (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2017). Among other things, the author discusses how his thoughts on the topic of this book have evolved since its fi rst publication in light of scholarly debate and the increased availability of primary and secondary sources.
French historiography of the Crimean war (1853-1856): main trends and tendencies
Authors: Linkova Elena V. , Bollivier Marc De
Published: March 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the French historiographical tradition of studying the Crimean war. Due to the fact that the French historiography of the Crimean campaign has diff erences from the Russian or Anglo-Saxon, it is interesting to turn to the study of the features that are characteristic for the works of French historians. One of the key theses of this article is the statement of the following situation in French historical science: since the second half of the 19th century the Crimean war was studied in the framework of studies on the history of the Second Empire. In the late twentieth century the scientifi c tradition has undergone certain changes, as a result of which the events of 1853-1856 became the subject of separate studies on the military history of France and historical anthropology. This feature infl uenced the perception of the war in French public opinion and the scientifi c community and led to the diff erentiation of certain problems and subjects directly related to the history of the Crimean war. The study of French historiography allows us to determine the themes that prevailed in the scientifi c thought of France during the second half of the 19th - 20th centuries, as well as those trends that are currently key in discussing the prerequisites, the nature, the results of the military campaign of 1853-1856. The authors conclude that the scientifi c and possibly public interest in the Crimean war in France is much lower than in Russia. The events of 1853-1856, largely overshadowed by the discussions and memory of the First World war, gradually turn into a little-known period of French history. However, the jubilee years associated with the Crimean war and the siege of Sevastopol are an important point that allows us to revisit the study of both the military campaign and diplomacy, and in general the history of Russian-French relations.
V ilen Uarziati. Izbrannyye trudy. Etnologiya. Kul’turologiya. Semiotika: v 2kh kn [Selected works. Ethnology. Culturology. Semiotics]. Book 1. Vladikavkaz: Abeta, 2018, 551 p
Authors: Kanukova Zalina V.
Published: March 2020

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1921 in the History of Discussions about the Establishment of the Komi-Permyatsky District
Authors: Kamenskikh Mikhail S.
Published: March 2020

Using the example of discussions on the building of the Komi-Permyak district, the author analyzes the features of national state building in the RSFSR in the 1920s. The article focuses on one of the turning points in the process of establishing the Komi-Permyak district, namely the situation in 1921, when the initially unpopular idea of separating the Permyak region from Perm province unexpectedly became popular among the local population in the course of just a few months. Previously unpublished archival material allows us to assess the course of the discussion about the future of the Permyak region in 1921. Of particular value are the transcripts of a January 1925 closed meeting of a special commission on the Permyak issue; this commission was established on the order of the secretariat of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks). The commission decided to establish the Permyak region, and analyzed the developments in this territory in 1921. The situation refl ected the confrontation between the “national” and “economic” blocs within the Bolshevik leadership in the process of territorial delimitation. The documents furthermore demonstrate that the methods of local authorities relating to border disputes were cynical and uncompromising. The authorities of the Komi autonomous region were agitating among the population of the Permyak region to secede from Perm province without coordinating their activities with the local authorities. In turn, the authorities of Perm province launched a large-scale repressive campaign against activists of the national and cultural Permyak movement. Politically-motivated deception, bribery, and persecution became integral parts of the discussion regarding the self-determination of the Permyak population. While seeking the support of the “center,” the opposing parties did not pay a lot of attention to recommendations from Moscow and acted only in their own interests. The process of building the Komi-Permyak district in many ways demonstrates the essence of the early Soviet national policy as a system of checks and balances aimed at gaining the loyalty of diff erent nationalities under the umbrella of Soviet statehood.
M.K. Ammosov: A Prominent National Leaderof the Early Soviet Period
Authors: Burnasheva Natalia I. , Ignatieva Vanda B.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the activities of the prominent Soviet politician and statesman M.K. Ammosov (1897-1938), who devoted his life to revolutionary transformations and the formation of a socialist economy in the Yakut Republic, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The article considers the ideas of M.K. Ammosov concerning the socialist reconstruction of the national regions, and in particular of the households of nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples. Practical work to boost regional economies occupied a central place in M.K. Ammosov’s activities and was based on a comprehensive scientifi c study of productive forces and human resources. His goal was the organic integration of the economy of the perphery into the Soviet national economic system. Thanks to the eff orts of M.K. Ammosov, the economic development of the national republics accelerated, in accordance with the centuries-old aspirations of the peoples to overcome poverty and misery. M.K. Ammosov is analyzed here for the fi rst time from the point of view of his contribution to the economy of the USSR’s national periphery, and to its gradual inclusion into the processes of socialist construction. The development of the economy of the national regions in the early Soviet period largely depended on the organizational qualities and human principles of regional leaders and their selfl ess and honest service to the interests of the Soviet state. Accordingly, considerable attention is paid to M.K. Ammosov’s work among the people. When making decisions on governmental level he proceeded according to the interests and needs of society. Precisely such leadership qualities as someone who knows how to organically combine state and public interests elevated M.K. Ammosov to the highest political Olymp; at the same time these qualities exposed him to political repression. The article concludes that M.K. Ammosov’s thoughts and deeds to benefi t the working people went far beyond the framework of central planning and entered into an insurmountable confl ict with the then accepted practices of administrative management.
Comrades in Arts: The Soviet Dekada of National Art and the Friendship of Peoples
Authors: Kaplan Isabelle R.
Published: March 2020

This article examines the dekady of national art, a series of Soviet festivals fi rst staged in the mid-1930s to highlight the cultures and artistic accomplishments of the various non-Russian republics of the USSR. The institution of the dekada, I contend, made considerable contributions to Soviet nationbuilding eff orts and the construction of multiethnic culture. The article unfolds in three sections. The fi rst relies on archival documents to trace the origins and evolution of the dekada of national art in the context of its bureaucratic home, the All-Union Committee on Arts Aff airs. The second draws largely on periodical sources to consider the ways in which the larger currents of Stalin-era culture are refl ected in the dekady of national art and, in particular in the national operas that served as the centerpieces of the dekady. The fi nal section turns to the Friendship of Peoples campaign, identifying one aspect of it - that Soviet citizens appreciate not only their own national art but the art of other Soviet nations - as central to the dekady. Analyzing the public rhetoric surrounding the dekady, I identify several themes that emerge and their implications for forging a common pan-Soviet culture. I conclude that it is not only national cultural production, but the consumption of national cultural products by a multiethnic audience that is central to nation-building on multiple levels as well as a means to unite the ethnically diverse Soviet people, and that the dekada festivals aimed to bring the Soviet nations closer together by providing them an opportunity to consume one another’s cultural products.
In this issue
Authors: Brandenberger David L , Blitstein Peter A.
Published: March 2020

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The Fate of Educators in the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic During the Struggle Against “Bourgeois Nationalism” (1937-1938)
Authors: Almaev Rustam Z.
Published: March 2020

This article discusses the political repressions of 1937-1938 in the fi eld of public education, with the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic as its case study. The author assembles new archival documents, mass media materials and memoirs of contemporaries to illuminate the regional specifi cs of repression in the broader context of the Stalinist era. Particular attention is paid to how “enemies of the people” were identifi ed. The author argues that the Bashkir Regional Party Committee, the media, and the party committees of educational institutions, as well as the organs of the NKVD worked in unison to expose “hostile elements” and Trotskyists among directors of educational institutions, specialists in higher education, and public school teachers. The media, as well as the decisions of closed party meetings, were imbued with the spirit of ideological intolerance; they provided the moral and ideological justifi cation for the arrests. This article traces a trend that was characteristic of national autonomous republics in general: the persecution of regional leaders and members of the national intelligentsia on charges of “local bourgeois nationalism.” The author also examines how purges in the party, state and educational bodies of the republic targeted “nationalists” directly or indirectly associated with “national and local deviationists” of the revolutionary years. The article also discusses the fate of Bashkortostan’s People’s Commissars of Education who were subjected to repression. Reconstructing the complex social and political situation in the educational sphere of the BASSR allows us to draw important conclusions, and better understand contemporary social and political processes.
Pengembangan Four-tier Diagnostic Test Konsep Ekosistem: Validitas dan Reliabilitas instrumen
Authors: Diella Dea , Ardiansyah Ryan
Published: March 2020

One of the objectives of assessment is to diagnose students’ understanding that can be done using diagnostic test instrument. This study aims to develop , to determine validity and reliability of diagnostic test instrument, and to reveal pre-service teachers’ misconceptions in ecosystem concept. The instrument constructed  as four-tier diagnostic test form which is consist of multiple choices questions , certainty response index, choices of reason, and certainty response index for reason. The method used Reseach and Development with 4D design : Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The product used to gather information about misconception in ecosystem concept among pre-service biology students. Result shows four-tier diagnostic test instrument has validity score 0.58 , it means moderate category. The reliability score for this instrument is 0.73 , high category. Some misconceptions found relate to ecosystem components, energy flow, and interaction among ecosystem components.

Keywords: Four-tier Diagnostic test, Misconception, Ecosystem

 

Abstrak : Salah satu tujuan ari asesmen adalah untuk mendiagnosis pemahaman peserta didik yang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes diagnostik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan intrumen tes diagnostik pada konsep ekosistem, menentukan validitas dan reliabilitas intrumen tersebut, dan mengungkap miskonsepsi calon guru biologi pada konsep ekosistem. Instrumen yang dikembangkan berupa four-tier diagnostic test yang terdiri atas soal pilihan ganda, tingkat keyakinan jawaban pilihan ganda, pilihan alasan dari jawaban yang dipilih, dan tingkat keyakinan pemilihan alasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Reseach and Development dengan desain 4D : Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. Instrumen tersebut digunakan untuk mengungkap miskonsepsi pada konsep ekosistem. Instrumen yang dikembangkan memiliki validitas sebesar 0.58 yang berarti ada dalam kategori cukup dan reliabilitias sebesar 0.73 yang berarti berkategori tinggi. Temuan lain dari penelitian ini yakni adanya miskonsepsi pada konsep ekosistem terutama pada sub konsep komponen ekosistem, aliran energi, dan interaksi antar komponen ekosistem.

Kata Kunci : four-tier tes diagnostik, miskonsepsi, ekosistem
Manual Book Biology Scientific Camp: Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Outdoor Approach
Authors: Hakim Nasrul , Yudiyanto Yudiyanto , Sa’diah Halimah , Setiana Eka Putri
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to develop a manual book for the implementation of a biology scientific camp to develop the character education of biology students. This book was developed with an outdoor approach. This research uses the ADDIE development model which includes the Analysis, Define, Design, Implementation and Evaluation. This research data were obtained from the results of the validation of material experts and media experts as well as the results of small group trials. The results showed the results of the material expert validation obtained a score of 92% and included in category of highly validated media expert validation obtained a score of 91% included in very valid category. The results of small group trials showed a score of 95% included in very good category, while the results of the large group trial obtained a score of 92% and included in very good category. The results showed that the manual book of Biology Scientific Camp that was developed was appropriate to be used as the development of character education based on an outdoor approach.

 

Keywords: Character Education, Outdoor Approach.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku panduan (manual book) pelaksanaan kemah ilmiah biologi (biology scientific camp) sebagai upaya untuk mengembangkan pendidikan karakter mahasiswa biologi. Buku ini dikembangkan dengan pendekatan outdoor approach. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang meliputi tahap Analysis, Define, Design, Implementation dan Evaluation. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil validasi ahli materi dan ahli media serta hasil ujicoba kelompok kecil.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil validasi ahli materi diperoleh skor 92% dan termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid validasi ahli media diperoleh skor 91% termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid. Hasil ujicoba kelompok kecil menunjukkan skor 95% termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik, sedangkan hasil ujicoba kelompok besar diperoleh skor 92% dan termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manual book Biology Scientific Camp yang dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai pengembangan pendidikan karakter berbasis outdoor approach.   

Kata kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Outdoor approach.
RESENHA
Authors: Maciel Lidiane
Published: March 2020

SANTOS, J. Na trama das identidades – práticas sociais e imagens do trabalho no corte de cana. São Paulo Annablume. 2017.
ANALISANDO AS DIFERENÇAS DE PROBABILIDADES NA OFERTA DE TRABALHO INFANTO-JUVENIL NO NORDESTE RURAL
Authors: De Oliveira Celina Santos , Círiaco Juliane da Silva , Dos Anjos Junior Otoniel Rodrigues , Machado Gouveia Lins Julyan Gleyvison
Published: March 2020

A presente pesquisa analisa os determinantes do trabalho infanto-juvenil nas áreas rurais do Nordeste brasileiro. Para tal fim, utilizam-se dados da PNAD de 2002 e 2014 verificando quais fatores mais contribuíram para a redução dessa modalidade de trabalho no período. A variável dependente é formada por indivíduos entre 5 e 16 anos de idade e modelado por meio do Logit. Procurou-se identificar quais fatores mais contribuíram para a redução observada nessa modalidade de trabalho no período. Para tanto, considera-se variáveis destacadas na literatura relacionadas aos atributos pessoais da criança, atributos do lar e, por fim, a localização geográfica. Encontrou-se que meninos mais velhos e que não estudam possuem maior propensão a ofertar trabalho, essa propensão tem relação inversa com a escolaridade do chefe da família e, por sua vez, apresenta, relação direta com o tamanho da família. As diferenças de probabilidade entre os anos se deu por distintos comportamentos não observados relacionados à idade e escolaridade da criança.
OS TETOS E AS PAREDES DE VIDRO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA FEDERAL BRASILEIRA (1995 – 2017)
Authors: Xavier Elaine de Melo , Yannoulas Silvia Cristina
Published: March 2020

O estudo das “barreiras invisíveis” que limitam a atuação e o desenvolvimento profissional das mulheres motivou o surgimento de diversas metáforas na literatura especializada, como as incluídas neste artigo. Nos interessa mostrar como os tetos e as paredes de vidro se apresentavam no âmbito da administração pública federal brasileira entre os anos de 1995 e 2017 e discutir algumas das medidas levadas a cabo pelo governo federal para enfrentar desigualdades de sexo/gênero no espaço público/produtivo. Para tanto, a primeira seção do artigo analisa a inserção das mulheres no serviço público federal com base nas estatísticas disponíveis, coletadas e sistematizadas especificamente para mostrar as “barreiras invisíveis”; a segunda seção tece breves comentários quanto aos programas de promoção da igualdade nos espaços de trabalho (público e privado) implementados pelo governo federal no período analisado; e a terceira seção apresenta considerações finais, destacando as conquistas e as pendências existentes.
SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR E DA TRABALHADORA EM TEMPOS DE REFORMA TRABALHISTA: ENTREVISTA COM FRANCISCO ANTONIO DE CASTRO LACAZ
Authors: Souza Edvania Angela de
Published: March 2020

Francisco Lacaz é médico e professor titular Sênior (aposentado) da Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva (UNIFESP). Lacaz tem ampla experiência em Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) e, nesta entrevista, evidencia um conjunto de considerações a respeito desse campo, a reforma trabalhista e os impactos para a classe trabalhadora. Lacaz participou do Fórum de Extensão: debates em Saúde do\a Trabalhador\a ocorrido no dia 20 de setembro de 2018, na UNESP-Franca, quando esta entrevista foi realizada e em breve estará disponível em canal do Youtube.