bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural optimization of a small earth remote sensing satellite
Authors: Aborehab Ali , Kassem Mohammed , Nemnem Ahmed Farid , Kamel M.
Published: September 2023

Structural sizing optimization is a crucial step in the process of modern satellite structural design. It warrants minimizing the satellite structural mass while improving the overall quality and reliability of such design. This article discusses thoroughly the structural optimization of a small earth remote sensing satellite whose primary structure is based upon aluminum honeycomb sandwich plates. A novel contribution has been conducted in extending the optimization problem to include the main static and dynamic loads acting simultaneously on the satellite during launch phase utilizing the results of static, buckling, modal, and harmonic response analyses. The small satellite optimization process starts initially with formulating the optimization problem based upon the structural analyses results. Subsequently, miscellaneous optimization techniques utilizing ANSYS workbench capabilities represented in “DesignXplorer” module are employed. Finally, the results are compared with other results obtained from a MATLAB code based upon both genetic and sequential quadratic programming algorithms. The optimization process leads to approximately 30% mass reduction in the proposed satellite structure. A special attention is drawn towards meta-models due to their capabilities in solving complex structural models with a reasonable wall-clock time.
Finite-time event-triggered control for stochastic systems with multiple disturbances
Authors: Zhang Yunpeng , Wei Xinjiang , Zhang Huifeng , Hu Xin , Han Jian
Published: September 2023

This article aims to investigate the finite-time event-triggered anti-disturbance control problem for stochastic systems subject to multiple disturbances, and the disturbances include exogenous disturbance, norm-bounded disturbance and white noises. The stochastic disturbance observer is devised to estimate the exogenous disturbance, then the finite-time event-triggered anti-disturbance control scheme is proposed by combining finite-time control with event-triggered control, which ensures that the composite system is stochastic finite-time boundedness and stochastic finite-time stable under different conditions. Finally, the feasibility and availability of the proposed finite-time event-triggered anti-disturbance control scheme are verified by two simulation examples.
Hope and time work in dystopian contexts: Future-oriented temporalities of activism in post-referendum Scotland and Turkey
Authors: Gokmenoglu Birgan , Manley Gabriela
Published: September 2023

This article examines the temporal underpinnings of hope as a key element of political action under dystopian circumstances. It is based on a comparative study of the authors’ long-term ethnographic studies: First, an ethnography of the activists for national independence of the Scottish National Party following the 2016 Brexit referendum and second, the anti-authoritarian activists of the local ‘no’ assemblies in Istanbul around the 2017 constitutional referendum in Turkey. Approaching hope as a political resource of transformative action that is created for and within political struggles, this article finds that the generation and maintenance of hope require an agentic orientation to time and more specifically, to the future. It further shows how dystopian imaginations, when taken as critical evaluations of the present, may enable political action by opening up the indeterminate future to possibilities of political transformation. Drawing on and contributing to the scholarship on emotions, utopia and dystopia, and time, we argue that generating hope among activists against dystopian futures necessitates not only ‘emotion work’ but also ‘time work’. Grounded in our empirical findings, we reconceptualize ‘time work’ as the collective effort to shape orientations to the imagined past, lived present, and anticipated future, for and within political struggle. We thus conclude by expanding the concept of ‘time work’ to cover its particularly collective and explicitly political uses, offering two modes of time work: Narratives of time and collective acts of hope. We believe that this expanded concept will be a useful analytical tool for scholars working on social movements, political action, time, and emotions.
Engineered migration at the Greek–Turkish border: A spectacle of violence and humanitarian space
Authors: İşleyen Beste , Karadağ Sibel
Published: September 2023

In February 2020, Turkey announced that the country would no longer prevent refugees and migrants from crossing into the European Union. The announcement resulted in mass human mobility heading to the Turkish border city of Edirne. Relying on freshly collected data through interviews and field visits, this article argues that the 2020 events were part of a state-led execution of ‘engineered migration’ through a constellation of actors, technologies and practices. Turkey’s performative act of engineered migration created a spectacle in ways that differ from the spectacle’s usual materialization at the EU’s external borders. By breaking from its earlier role as a partner, the Turkish state engaged in a countermove fundamentally altering the dyadic process through which the spectacle routinely materializes at EU external borders around the hypervisibilization of migrant illegality. Reconceptualizing the spectacle through engineered migration, the article identifies two complementary acts by Turkish actors: the spectacularization of European (Greek) violence and the creation of a humanitarian space to showcase Turkey as the ‘benevolent’ actor. The article also discusses how the sort of hypervisibility achieved through the spectacle has displaced violence from its points of emergence and creation and becomes the routinized form of border security in Turkey.
The impact on clinical outcomes and healthcare resources from discontinuing colonoscopy surveillance subsequent to low-risk adenoma removal: A simulation study using the OncoSim-Colorectal model
Authors: Steer Kieran JD , Sun Zhuolu , Sadowski Daniel C , Yong Jean H E , Coldman Andrew , Nemecek Nicole , Yang Huiming
Published: September 2023

Objective

To estimate the impact on clinical outcomes and healthcare resource use from recommending that patients with 1–2 low-risk adenomas (LRAs) return to routine fecal immunochemical test (FIT) screening instead of surveillance colonoscopy, from a Canadian provincial healthcare system perspective.

Methods

The OncoSim-Colorectal microsimulation model simulated average-risk individuals eligible for FIT-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Alberta, Canada. We simulated two surveillance strategies that applied to individuals with 1–2 LRAs (<10 mm) removed as part of the average risk CRC screening program: (a) Surveillance colonoscopy (status quo) and (b) return to FIT screening (new strategy); both at 5 years after polypectomy. A 75 ng/mL FIT positivity threshold was used in the base case. The simulations projected average annual CRC outcomes and healthcare resource use from 2023 to 2042. We conducted alternative scenarios and sensitivity analyses on key variables.

Results

Returning to FIT screening (versus surveillance colonoscopy) after polypectomy was projected to have minimal impact on long-term CRC incidence and deaths (not statistically significant). There was a projected decrease of one (4%) major bleeding event and seven (5%) perforation events per year. There was a projected increase of 4800 (1.5%) FIT screens, decrease of 3900 (5.1%) colonoscopies, and a decrease of $3.4 million (1.2%) in total healthcare costs per year, on average. The annual colonoscopies averted and healthcare cost savings increased over time. Results were similar in the alternative scenarios and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

Returning to FIT screening would have similar clinical outcomes as surveillance colonoscopy but could reduce colonoscopy demand and healthcare costs.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Staff of Ambulance, Equipped Status of Ambulances, and their Utilization
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Agnihotri Meenakshi , Verma Subhash , Rathore Gayatri , Ram Kheta , Saini Sandeepna , VM Dr Karthik , Kumar Pramod , Nagi Manisha , Kaur Maninder Deep , Nagar Pramod Kumar , Aggarwal Achala , Gairolla Jitender
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Most patients are quickly transferred to the hospitals by ambulances worldwide. Hence, it is imperative that ambulance should be well equipped with all emergency equipment and well-trained staff to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or basic life support (BLS) to victim in pre-hospital environment, if required.

Purpose

To assess knowledge regarding CPR of ambulance staff, equipped status of ambulances, and their utilization during CPR or first aid.

Methods

Total 400 ambulance staff were purposively recruited after obtaining informed written consent. They were interviewed as per validated interview schedule regarding CPR knowledge and utilization of equipment during CPR or first aid. Using an observation checklist for assessment of available equipment for CPR and first aid in the ambulance was checked.

Results

Mean age of participants was 35.57 ± 7.63 years. All were males. Among them 63.75% were posted in private ambulance, and 73.50% ambulances had solo staff. Most (98.25%) ambulances were equipped with oxygen cylinder and only 3.5% had portable ventilator. Majority (75%) lacked the essential equipment as per AHA/national guidelines. Mean knowledge score of participants was 2.85 ± 4.10 and 62.25% and they had poor knowledge regarding CPR and only 12.25% had good/very good knowledge.

Conclusion

There is a lack of knowledge regarding CPR among ambulance staff and there is lack of equipped status of ambulances. They were not fully aware regarding the use of equipment, which were available in the ambulance in emergency. So, there is a need to train them about CPR as well utilization of ambulance equipment.
Viral Load and CD4+ Markers as Determinants of Tuberculosis Coinfection Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Papua Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanti Mirna , Adiningsih Setyo , Kridaningsih Tri Nury , Fitrianingtyas Rizky
Published: September 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) infection causes mortality among People Living with HIV (PLHIV), so the treatment of TB-HIV coinfection is crucial. The study aimed to identify the determinants contributing to TB coinfection among PLHIV in Papua. It is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 188 PLHIV at the four hospitals in Papua. CD4+ was carried out using CD4+ counter and viral load using the qPCR technique. A logistic regression test and R statistic with a significance level of 0.05 were used to analyze the determinants of TB coinfection among PLHIV. PLHIV having CD4+ count of fewer than 350 cells/mm3 had a 17.8 times higher risk for TB-HIV coinfection, P-value = 0.0. In addition, a viral load of more than 10 000 copies/ml will be 12.1 times more likely to be co-infected with TB-HIV compared to those who have a viral load of fewer than 10 000 copies/ml, P-value = 0.0. CD4+ markers and viral load are factors that play a role in TB coinfection among PLHIV in Papua Province.
Heat treatment for giant cell tumors of bone: A systematic review
Authors: Schoutens Carlijn , Verspoor Floortje GM
Published: September 2023

This systematic review evaluates the effects of heat treatments in de novo, residual and recurrent giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB). Studies were eligible for inclusion if one of the following treatments was administered: radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation, argon cauterization, electrocauterization and hot liquid treatment. The primary outcome was recurrence. Secondary outcomes were complications, pain, function, and quality of life. Recurrence rates for microwave ablation as an adjuvant to intralesional curettage were 0%, 4% and 10% (3 retrospective single-group studies); for argon cauterization 4%, 8% and 26% (3 cohort studies); electrocauterization 0% to 33% (8 cohort studies); and hot liquid 9.5% and 24% (2 cohort studies). Follow-up was generally ≥24 months. Data on pain, function and quality of life were scarce. Complications included infection and secondary osteoarthritis. Current evidence does not demonstrate or exclude an effect of heat treatments on recurrence in GCTB. Further research should objectify if (subgroups of) patients benefit from these treatments.
Parental gender affirmation and children’s best interests in Australian family law
Authors: Dimopoulos Georgina
Published: September 2023

This article examines how the Australian family courts have considered parental gender affirmation when determining the best interests of children in post-separation parenting disputes under Part VII of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth). It analyses three features of the jurisprudence which arguably challenge the acceptance of transgender and gender diverse (‘TGD’) families in Australian family law: the potential risk of harm to children, and the impacts on parenting capacity, from a parent affirming their gender; emphasis upon the uniqueness of parental gender affirmation as a childhood experience, with attendant risks to children from ‘public’ exposure; and the importance of language to the social affirmation of gender and for representing the perspectives and experiences of TGD parents and their children. The author argues that as more post-separation parenting disputes involving parental gender affirmation come before the Australian family courts, they will contribute to making TGD families more ‘visible’ in law, thereby promoting greater understanding of a family form that may still be labelled ‘ambiguous’, ‘novel’ or lacking an ‘established social or legal script’.
Multi-objective optimization design of magnetorheological damper and vehicle handling stability performance research
Authors: Wei Xinxin , Yan Tianhong , Liu Shulin
Published: September 2023

Due to the characteristics of smart material magnetorheological (MR) fluid, such as short response time and large controllable range, semi-active suspension based on MR fluid has been widely used. In order to improve the steering stability of vehicles, a semi-active suspension with tapered flow mode MR was proposed. The magnetic circuit of the proposed structure was designed, its dynamic model was established, and the finite element simulation analysis was carried out. By establishing the optimization objectives and constraints, the MR damper was optimized by NSGA-II and MOST algorithms. The vehicle dynamics model with MR damper was established, and the vehicle dynamics simulation was carried out under the control system based on the vehicle dynamics simulation software CarSim-Simulink before and after optimization. The results show that the NSGA-II optimized MR damper can reduce vehicle roll and significantly improve vehicle handling stability. This paper provides a new idea for improving vehicle handling stability by optimizing the MR damper.
Non-Surgical Respiratory Management in Relation to Feeding and Growth in Patients with Robin Sequence; a Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: van der Plas Pleun P.J.M. , van Heesch Gwen G.M. , Koudstaal Maarten J. , Pullens Bas , Mathijssen Irene M.J. , Bernard Simone E. , Wolvius Eppo B. , Joosten Koen F.M.
Published: September 2023

Objective

To reflect upon our non-surgical respiratory management by evaluating clinical outcomes regarding airway, feeding, and growth during the first year of life in patients with Robin Sequence.

Design

Prospective study.

Setting

Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Patients/ Participants

36 patients with Robin Sequence who were treated between 2011 and 2021.

Interventions

Positional therapy and respiratory support.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Data on respiratory outcomes included polysomnography characteristics and capillary blood gas values. Feeding outcomes were based on the requirement of additional tube feeding. Outcomes on growth were expressed as standard-deviation-scores (SDS) for weight-for-age (WFA) and height-for-age (HFA).

Results

Twenty patients were treated with positional therapy (PT), whilst the other 16 patients required respiratory support. Twenty-two patients presented with non-isolated Robin Sequence (RS). During the first year of life, obstructive apnea hypopnea index decreased, oxygen levels enhanced, and capillary blood gas values improved. Eighty-six percent (31/36) experienced feeding difficulties, which completely resolved in 71% (22/31) during their first year of life. From start treatment, to stop treatment, to the age of 1 year, the SDS WFA worsened from −0.40 to −0.33 to −1.03, respectively.

Conclusions

Non-surgical respiratory treatment resulted in an improvement of respiratory outcomes to near normal during the first year of life in patients with RS. These patients often experience feeding difficulties and endure impaired weight gain up to 1 year of age, despite near normalization of breathing. The high prevalence of feeding difficulties and impaired weight for age indicate the urgency for early recognition and adequate treatment to support optimal growth.
Benefits of Academic Tutoring and Socio-Emotional Support for Children With Disabilities: Lessons Learned During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hyseni Duraku Zamira , Nagavci Mirjeta
Published: September 2023

This qualitative study aimed to explore the outcomes of tutoring and socio-emotional support for children with disabilities, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 parents of children with disabilities. The tutoring sessions improved children's academic achievement, emotional well-being, attitudes towards learning, learning motivation, and interest in learning. They also positively influenced children's social relations and peer interactions. Parents emphasized the importance of tailored plans and education. Results highlight the importance of using individualized support for children with disabilities, whether for remedial or non-remedial purposes, to ensure their holistic development. Practical implications and research recommendations are included.
Local Roots and Global Responsibility: Terroir Brands and Their Responsible Engagement
Authors: Spielmann Nathalie , Williams Christopher , Kohli Ajay K.
Published: September 2023

The authors introduce the construct of terroir branding—distinct from country-of-origin effects and place branding—to explain how, in regions such as Champagne, France (wines), Biella, Italy (wool), and Vuelta Abajo, Cuba (cigars), competing local firms develop global brands while being engaged in responsible actions that influence the brand perceptions in the global marketplace. Terroir brands have three critical features: placial distinctiveness, craftsmanship specificity, and processing traditionalism. Terroir branding integrates firm-owned host brands with a collective regional brand. Drawing on the resource-based view, coopetition theory, and the concept of moral engagement, the authors identify a virtuous circle of local collective efficacy that supports the location and enables a terroir brand to be seen by global markets as being responsibly sustained. The authors also identify a vicious circle through moral disengagement that can lead global markets to perceive terroir brands as irresponsibly sustained. They identify hazards such as host-brand strength variability, rival set stability, locational ownership, and competitor concentration. Finally, they highlight the importance of local terroir branding using a broad spectrum of place-based characteristics and identify conditions under which terroir branding benefits an individual brand and the wider collective of brands, while sustaining the location.
Association Between Community Social Vulnerability and Preventable Hospitalizations
Authors: Hogg-Graham Rachel , Benitez Joseph A. , Lacy Mary E. , Bush Joshua , Lang Juan , Nikolaou Haritomane , Clear Emily R. , McCullough J. M. , Waters Teresa M.
Published: September 2023

Preventable hospitalizations are common and costly events that burden patients and our health care system. While research suggests that these events are strongly linked to ambulatory care access, emerging evidence suggests they may also be sensitive to a patient’s social, environmental, and economic conditions. This study examines the association between variations in social vulnerability and preventable hospitalization rates. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of county-level preventable hospitalization rates for 33 states linked with data from the 2020 Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Preventable hospitalizations were 40% higher in the most vulnerable counties compared with the least vulnerable. Adjusted regression results confirm the strong relationship between social vulnerability and preventable hospitalizations. Our results suggest wide variation in community-level preventable hospitalization rates, with robust evidence that variation is strongly related to a community’s social vulnerability. The human toll, societal cost, and preventability of these hospitalizations make understanding and mitigating these inequities a national priority.
From Entertainment to Empowerment: A Call for Social Media Literacy Education at an HBCU
Authors: Smith Kim , Wade Jeannette , Jowers Joseph
Published: September 2023

An analysis of 640 posts from the social media platforms of 14 students at a historically Black university revealed that entertainment accounted for 68% of their social media content, “uplift” 17%, and empowerment 14%. Educators worry that students may be squandering online resources that could help improve their lives when they choose entertainment over uplift and empowerment. The study examines why entertainment trumps uplift and empowerment, and more broadly, how it may serve as a catalyst to combat disinformation.
The Potential for Public Impact in a J Department’s Local Information Ecosystem: Key Ingredients for Starting a Journalism Teaching Hospital
Authors: Scaccia Jesse
Published: September 2023

Journalism teaching hospitals have long been a steady source of news in the communities they call home. As these programs have a track record of increasing essential public knowledge and adding vitality to journalism programs, this study mines the knowledge of current and former journalism teaching hospital leaders to ascertain the necessary elements for starting what will be a sustainable program. Critical elements found included a passionate founder, a local coverage gap the program can fill, and support from academic leadership.
Impact of pegaspargase dose capping on incidence of pegaspargase-related adverse events in adults
Authors: Tiao Emily , Bernhardi Ciera L , Trovato James A , Lawson Justin , Seung Hyunuk , Emadi Ashkan , Duffy Alison P
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Asparaginase derivatives are essential components of the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adolescent and young adult patients. However, their associated toxicities limit wider use in older populations. This study seeks to determine if the practice of capping the pegaspargase dose at 3750 units reduces the risk of related adverse events in adults.

Methods

Adverse event data were retrospectively collected 28 days following each administration of pegaspargase in a single center. Doses were categorized as either capped (≤3750 units) ( n = 57, 47.5%) or non-capped (>3750 units) ( n = 63, 52.5%). The primary endpoint of this study was the composite incidence of serious pegaspargase-related adverse events, defined as grade 3 or higher.

Results

Of the 120 doses administered, 47 (39.2%) were administered to patients  > 39 years. For the primary endpoint, 26 doses (45.6%) in the dose capped group versus 22 doses (34.9%) in the non-dose capped group were associated with serious pegaspargase-related adverse events ( p = 0.23). Isolated laboratory abnormalities accounted for all hepatotoxicity and pancreatic toxicity events, while venous thromboembolism and bleeding occurred after 8.3% and 13.3% of doses, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the primary outcome to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics found no difference between groups (OR 2.56 (0.84, 7.77, p = 0.098)).

Conclusions

The incidence of serious clinical toxicities was low in this study, particularly pegaspargase-related venous thromboembolism. This suggests that the practice of capping pegaspargase doses at 3750 units, coupled with vigilant monitoring and prophylaxis for pegaspargase-related adverse events, can allow for the inclusion of this drug in the treatment of older individuals.
Enhancing Digital Advertising with Blockchain Technology
Authors: Stallone Valerio , Wetzels Martin , Mahr Dominik , Klaas Michael
Published: September 2023

The increasing popularity of blockchain technology (BCT) has spurred interest in its potential to rejuvenate the digital advertising ecosystem. Due to its transparency, decentralization, and immutability, BCT offers the potential for customer-oriented, secure, and open platforms that might improve interactions between consumers and businesses. This article investigates applications of BCT in digital advertising and develops an integrative framework to classify innovations at this intersection. With a systematic literature review and Delphi study, the authors examine ten relevant use cases and compile qualitative and quantitative data on the expected probability of realization, expected impact on the industry, desirability of occurrence, and market establishment duration. The results reveal organizational activity theory–informed areas of innovation and provide useful insights for managers, researchers, and policy makers. Managers should focus on contextual innovations such as rewarding web users for web interactions, rewarding content creators for their contributions, and ensuring user data security as the most relevant potential applications. Boundary innovations require a better understanding before deploying solutions aimed at increasing advertising supply chain transparency, mitigating fraud, and verifying content. For domain-based innovation areas, researchers must rethink their foundations. Finally, the authors propose a detailed research agenda.
Designing Brand Cocreation Activities to Increase Digital Consumer Engagement
Authors: Dretsch Heather Johnson , Kirmani Amna , Lundberg Josh
Published: September 2023

Brand cocreation campaigns offer consumers various activities centered on interpreting brand image. Yet, little is known about what brand cocreation characteristics increase digital consumer engagement (DCE; e.g., liking a brand on Facebook) and how they do so. Given the importance of DCE, the current research addresses this gap. Three experiments demonstrate that brand cocreation activities with high (vs. low) focus on brand meaning generate greater DCE among consumers who have high self–brand connection. Evidence suggests that this occurs because an activity's high focus on brand meaning facilitates the generation of abstract brand knowledge. For consumers with low self–brand connection, focus on brand meaning does not differentially affect DCE because these consumers lack appropriate knowledge about the brand. This research also offers implications for optimizing interactive marketing practice.
Intervening in Problematic Research Approaches to Incel Violence
Authors: Carian Emily K. , DiBranco Alex , Kelly Megan
Published: September 2023

Recent violent attacks by misogynist incels have catalyzed a flurry of research. In this essay, we critique scholarly approaches that attribute incel violence perpetrated by cisgender heterosexual men to poor mental health and loneliness. We argue that such approaches lack explanatory power and methodological rigor, validate misogynist incels’ claims to victimhood, reflect undue sympathy for violent perpetrators, and obscure and legitimize incel violence. To address the limitations of research that focuses on poor mental health and loneliness as the primary causes of incel violence, we recommend researchers incorporate feminist structural and intersectional approaches in their work and conceptualize misogynist incel ideology and violence as products of male supremacist culture and structure.
Retrolental cohesive ophthalmic viscoelastic injection in severely subluxated cataracts: The “Viscolift technique”
Authors: Iannetta D. , Romano V. , Valsecchi N. , Mesiani M. , Moramarco A. , Fontana L.
Published: September 2023

Introduction

To describe a novel surgical approach in the management of subluxated cataracts.

Methods

A 70-year-old Caucasian male with a subluxated cataract in the left eye was referred to our clinic at the Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna- Ophthalmology Unit. The ophthalmic examination revealed a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/200 in the left eye with monocular diplopia and a severely subluxated NO6/NC6 cataract and the fundus examination did not reveal any vitreoretinal abnormalities. The right eye had 20/20 BCVA and was pseudophakic. After a 300° conjunctival peritomy, a single 25-gauge valved trocar 4 mm was inserted from the limbus in the inferotemporal quadrant, where the cataract was mainly dislocated and a corneal paracentesis to reduce the anterior chamber intraocular pressure was performed. Subsequently cohesive viscoelastic was progressively injected in the retrolental space through the trocar, to recenter and elevate the subluxated cataract. Thereafter, a complete centered capsulorhexis was performed, four capsular hooks were inserted to stabilize the bag, and complete phacoemulsification was performed with intact posterior capsular support. In the end, given the lack of capsular support elements such as the Cionni ring or Ahmed segment, a sutureless scleral fixated intraocular lens was implanted.

Results

One week after surgery, the BCVA was 20/25, and the final BCVA at 6 months was 20/20, without any complications.

Conclusions

Retrolental cohesive ophthalmic viscoelastic injection could represent a novel effective surgical approach in recentering and elevating subluxated cataracts, facilitating the capsulorhexis, and reducing the risk of a pars plana approach.
Efficacy and safety of low dose, weight-based subcutaneous enoxaparin protocol in recurrent arteriovenous access thrombosis
Authors: Gan Chye Chung , Tan Ru Yu , Cheong May Anne , Pang Suh Chien , Tng Ren Kwang Alvin , Tan Chee Wooi , Lee Lai Heng , Ng Heng Joo , Tay Kiang Hiong , Chong Tze Tec , Tan Chieh Suai
Published: September 2023

Background:

This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a short-term, low dose, weight-based subcutaneous enoxaparin protocol (SEP) in maintaining the patency of arteriovenous (AV) access with recurrent thrombosis.

Methods:

Prospective follow-up of 25 patients who presented to a tertiary institution with recurrent AV access thrombosis and treated with anticoagulation according to SEP following successful thrombectomy. Patency and safety outcomes of SEP were studied.

Results:

The participants were 66.4 ± 10.2 years old and predominantly male (60%) and of Chinese ethnicity (72%). The AV accesses had a median age of 1.4 (0.6, 5.6) years with 60% being non-autogenous arteriovenous access while 40% were autogenous arteriovenous access. Thrombolytic agents (urokinase (72%) or alteplase (28%)) were used in all procedures while adjunct thrombectomy device was used in only four procedures. The mean dose of enoxaparin was 36.0 ± 8.2 mg or 0.64 ± 0.1 mg/kg/day for a mean duration 30.0 days (Interquartile range: 27.5, 31.0). One patient developed minor bleeding episode. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the mean thrombosis-free survival pre- versus post-SEP adoption was 27.3 (95% CI 17.9–36.7) versus 183.5 (95% CI 100.1–266.9) days ( p < 0.001). After adjusting for the type of thrombolytic agent, use of adjunct thrombectomy device, cutting balloon, drug-coated balloon, and stent graft, SEP remained a significant factor associated with longer thrombosis-free patency (HR 0.166: 95% CI 0.070–0.392, p < 0.001).

Discussion:

SEP appears to be a feasible and safe thromboprophylaxis method to improve thrombosis-free patency for AV access with recurrent thrombosis.
5G common threads and challenges in emerging economies: the cases of Indonesia and Peru
Authors: Goggin Gerard , Villanueva-Mansilla Eduardo
Published: September 2023

Some decades on after the MacBride Many Voices, One World report (1980) and the Maitland Missing Link report (1985), global telecommunications have only gained in importance, yet are still fissured by global inequalities. This situation is evident in one of the major developments underway in recent years: 5G mobile technologies. 5G is highly significant for present and future communication—and well advanced in its deployment and adoption. However, the dominant ways in which 5G has been imagined, planned, and deployed have been significantly shaped by interests and geopolitical forces that exclude many countries, and many of the putative beneficiaries of the emergent technology. To shed light on this impasse, in this paper, we offer a comparative analysis of policy and technology realities in two distinct countries that have been relatively overlooked in 5G: Peru and Indonesia. What we find is that national policies are premised on a shared interest and shared benefits, however, at this crucial point in deployment the outcomes are remote for the majority of citizens, especially in ways that matter for daily lives. In both these countries, 5G provides benefits for the small groups who can access and afford it, with others groups in position to be able to come online in the near future—as it provides opportunities for investments, fees, and penalties. However, for large segments of the populations, 5G, the prospects of connectivity, and the emerging digital economy are a long way off.
Validation of the International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
Authors: Kim Ki Hoon , Kim Su-Hyun , Park Na Young , Hyun Jae-Won , Kim Ho Jin
Published: September 2023

With the increased clinical interest in myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), the international MOGAD panel’s proposed criteria were recently released. To evaluate its diagnostic performance, the criteria were applied to a single-center cohort. Among the enrolled 100 patients, 93 fulfilled the criteria throughout the median 24 months of follow-up. All 36 patients with a clear-positive MOG-immunoglobulin G (IgG) satisfied the supporting features, except one who did not undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at disease onset. The criteria also contributed significantly to the confirmation of MOGAD in 57 of 64 patients without clear-positive MOG-IgG. When limited to the first attack, 51 of 61 patients (84%) satisfied the criteria, 4 of whom were initially negative for MOG-IgG. These results support the diagnostic utility of the International MOGAD Panel criteria.
Destination experiencescape for Hanfu tourism: Scale development and validation
Authors: Zong Yuanyuan , Chen Joseph S. , Tsaur Sheng-Hshiung
Published: September 2023

Destination experiencescape is a multistakeholder marketing concept on the experiential components of the destination environment provided for tourists. However, limited studies have considered conceptualizing experiencescape from a multistakeholder perspective and proposed it at the destination level. This study aims to develop a valid scale to identify the components of destination experiencescape in the context of Hanfu tourism from a multistakeholder perspective. Through a rigid development procedure, a 26-item scale represented by seven dimensions entailing (1) cultural component, (2) social component, (3) sensory component, (4) destination hospitality cultural component, (5) functional component, (6) technological component, and (7) natural component was proven to have acceptable scale reliability and validity. The resultant scale is a practical assessment mechanism for designing a destination experiencescape for Hanfu tourism and a valuable reference for marketing on integrating costume-laden traveling into destinations.
“It opened a new door for me”: A qualitative study of forcibly displaced parents’ experiences of an attachment-based parenting program
Authors: Kristen Anna , Moretti Marlene M , Osman Fatumo
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study was to explore forcibly displaced parents’ experiences of how an online attachment-based parenting program ( eConnect) impacted their relationships with their teens. Data was collected from four focus group discussions with 28 parents who participated in the eConnect program. Data was analyzed using network thematic analysis. A global theme emerged from the analysis: Strengthened Parent-Teen Relationships. Four underpinning organizing themes described the process through which the parent-teen relationship was strengthened: Knowledge Served as the Foundation for Change, Increased Parental Self-Efficacy, Improved Emotional Attunement Facilitates Dyadic Affect Regulation, and Shifted Power Dynamics and Emerging Mutual Parent-Teen Partnership. Findings suggest that eConnect is promising intervention for strengthening parent-teen relationships and supporting forcibly displaced families.
As if I was a spacecraft returning to Earth’s atmosphere. Expanding insights into illness narratives and childhood cancer through evocative autoethnography
Authors: Andersen Eva-Mari
Published: September 2023

Today, a majority of children diagnosed with cancer are expected to grow up and live—hopefully until old age. Still, knowledge of the lived experience of childhood cancer survivors is sparse. In pursuit of knowledge expansion, by combining my intersecting roles as an academic, educational counselor, and childhood cancer survivor, I approach my personal illness narrative. By means of evocative autoethnography, I write intentionally vulnerably about my experiences and make them available for consideration. I explore my narrative through archives, artifacts, memories of the past, and conversations evoked in the present. I re-visit the cultural landscape of a southern Norwegian girl growing up in the 00s with cancer. Through this, my illness narrative presents as positioned, tangled, and interwoven with a developmental trajectory. Specific educational experiences seem to linger, and many are related to being absent from or re-entering school after the onset of illness. To grasp the intersecting and conflicting experiences of being very ill while also young, I suggest Erik Erikson’s moratorium as a key concept. To complement Arthur Frank’s illness narratives of restitution, chaos, and quest, I establish the moratorium narrative. As a fresh resource, the moratorium narrative underlines the need to make sensitive our academic community’s gaze on illness trajectories unfolding in formative phases and illness narratives defined by growing up. By providing a point of recognition that prompts elaboration, this could also provide the young and very ill with a much-needed narrative space of opportunity, of which more narratives are invited and insisted upon.
Relocating video cultures
Authors: Kang Jennifer M. , Lotz Amanda D.
Published: September 2023

This special issue ‘relocates’ video cultures by focusing on the specific industrial dynamics and practices of six different countries. It is in conversation with scholarship that challenges the conceptualization of streaming as a universal force, and instead foregrounds the importance of location. The emergence of streaming and its disruptive influences on audiovisual industries have mostly been approached in relation to US-based multinational streaming services, and the articles in this issue demonstrate how the implications of streaming vary significantly depending on national contexts. Each contribution traces the trajectory of pre-digital cultures that led to the nation-specific consumption patterns of streaming video to date. We hope this special issue helps advance approaches that are attentive to locality and diversity beyond the US streaming culture.
Implementation of an integrated community approach in deprived neighbourhoods: a theory-based process evaluation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)
Authors: Grootjans Sanneke J.M. , Stijnen M.M.N. , Hesdahl-De Jong I. , Kroese M.E.A.L. , Ruwaard D. , Jansen M.W.J.
Published: September 2023

Background:

We investigated the implementation process of an Integrated Community Approach (ICA) applied in four low socio-economic status neighbourhoods in Maastricht, the Netherlands. The ICA is a Population Health Management initiative and aims to improve population health, quality of care, professional’s satisfaction and decrease costs of care. This study addresses the facilitators and barriers for implementing the ICA from a stakeholder perspective, including steering group members, professionals and citizens.

Methods:

We conducted a mixed-methods study using a triangulation of methods to investigate the implementation from 1 December 2016 to 31 December 2020. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided data collection and data-analysis for evaluating the implementation process. In total, 77 interviews, 97 observations, seven focus groups, 65 collected documents and two surveys with open-ended questions were conducted.

Results:

Facilitators for implementation were the use of citizen science to bring residents’ needs into sharp focus, the integration of the ideology of Positive Health into the working routines of the professionals and leadership at the steering group level to overcome barriers in the ICA. The existing accounting and financial infrastructure obstructed combining budgets at neighbourhood level.

Conclusions:

Engaging citizens and professionals at an early stage is an important facilitator for implementation. The use of a shared vision on health also worked as a facilitator since it created a shared language among professionals, which is important in Population Health Management initiatives where multiple professionals are expected to collaborate.

Trial Registration:

NTR 6543; registration date, 25 July 2017.
Bilateral lower extremity injuries in pedestrian versus motor vehicle collisions
Authors: Marvin David T , Seilern und Aspang Jesse , Webb Alexander , Shah Jason , Cantu Nicholas , Hernandez-Irizarry Roberto C , Moore Thomas J
Published: September 2023

Background

Lower extremity (LE) injuries following pedestrian versus motor vehicle collision (PMVC) are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in orthopedic trauma. There is currently no evidence illustrating the presentation of orthopedic bilateral LE injuries (BLEI). This study aimed to evaluate the patterns of BLEI on postoperative outcomes and hospital utilization following PMVC.

Methods

This retrospective cohort analysis included 532 consecutive patients presenting to a single level I trauma center with LE injuries following PMVC from January 1, 2017 to May 31, 2021. Injury location was categorized by extremity region (hip/femur, knee, leg, ankle, midfoot). Outcome measures included 30-day postoperative complications (infection, compartment syndrome, myocardial infarction, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, stroke) and hospital utilization (length of stay, ICU admission, prolonged ventilation [≥48 h], readmission). Mann–Whitney U, chi-square, and logistic regressions were performed calculating odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals.

Results

A total of 142 (26.7%) patients sustained BLEI. The most common BLEI complexes (212 total) were bilateral leg (25.0%), hip/femur and leg (17.0%), leg and knee (12.3%), and hip/femur and knee (8.0%). Bilateral and unilateral injuries showed no difference for postoperative complications (11.3% vs. 6.2%; p = 0.062). However, BLEI had higher odds of ICU admission (OR:2.97, CI:1.68–5.26), prolonged ventilation (OR:2.38, CI:1.24–4.59), and patients remained hospitalized 10.87 days longer (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that more than a quarter of PMVCs with LE injuries present with BLEI and require significantly more hospital resources. This is the first study to characterize BLEI in PMVCs, highlighting associated patterns to encourage heightened awareness in trauma evaluation. Level of Evidence: III
Political violence, pedagogy, and the politics of world-making: Reflections on Mahmood Mamdani's Neither Settler nor Native
Authors: Dhillon Jaskiran
Published: September 2023

This article reflects upon Mahmood Mamdani's Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities by tracing its contributions as a pedagogic text. In particular, I explore how the book (1) offers crucial insights about the founding of the modern political state and its relationship to settler colonialism, (2) reveals the importance of rethinking how we conceptualize political violence, and (3) traces some of the implications for political organizing that are rendered through a historical retelling of the story of political violence and state making. Ultimately, I argue that Neither Settler nor Native holds important lessons about how we struggle, what it is that we are struggling for, and how we might craft our collective commitments to a better and more just world in a way that more robustly accounts for the political histories from which we have emerged.
Work-life balance, social support, and burnout: A quantitative study of social workers
Authors: Stanley Selwyn , Sebastine Anand Jerard
Published: September 2023

Summary: Stress in social work is frequently experienced by practitioners and is attributed to a range of work-related factors. This study explored the manifestation of burnout, perceived social support, and work-life balance in 73 social workers in two cities in south India. A cross-sectional quantitative design was used. Data were collected based on survey methodology and three standardized instruments were administered to assess the manifestation of our key variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of burnout. Findings: Results indicated high levels of burnout and low levels of social support and work-life balance in respondents. No significant differences were seen in the key variables of the study based on selected sociodemographic factors. Both social support and work-life balance were extracted as significant predictors of burnout. Application: We suggest that issues related to burnout and compassion fatigue are key aspects that need to be incorporated within the social work curriculum in educational programs in India. A focus on maintaining a healthy work-life balance, and the importance of self-care in maintaining good health and wellbeing are key elements that need to be emphasized. We make use of the literature to offer suggestive measures that can be taken to enhance the provision of social support, maintain better work-life balance and reduce the incidence of burnout in social work practitioners. This will in the long run bode well for the mental health and wellbeing of the professionals besides ensuring better quality of service provision to the community that they work with.