bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of cylindrical parabolic solar collector with the tracking system
Authors: M. Anil Kumar  , K. Sridhar  , B. Devika
Published: October 2021

A parabolic solar collector collects the radiant energy emitted from the sun and focuses on a point. Parabolic trough collectors are the low-cost implementation of concentrated solar power technology that focuses incident sunlight onto a tube filled with a heat transfer fluid. However, the fundamental problem with the cylindrical parabolic collector without tracking was that the solar collector does not move with the sun's orientation. The development of an automatic tracking system for cylindrical parabolic collectors will increase solar collection and the efficiency of devices. The present study of this project work presents an experimental platform based on the design, development, and performance characteristic of water heating by tracking solar cylindrical parabolic concentrating system. The tracking mechanism is to be made by stepper motor arrangement to receive the maximum possible energy of solar radiation as it tracks the sun's path. The performance of the parabolic trough collectors is experimentally investigated with the water circulated as heat transfer fluid. The collector efficiency is calculated.
Diversidade como princípio formativo: uma discussão sobre as práticas educativas de saberes tradicionais
Authors: Bernardino Alessandra Cristina , Vanzuita Alexandre
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma discussão sobre a diversidade como princípio formativo, por meio da reflexão crítica de dois documentos: Proposta Curricular de Santa Catarina e Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Os temas sobre diversidade são pouco abordados, e desta forma, compromete-se a valorização da pluralidade cultural, das raças, de gêneros, entre outras diversidades. Deste modo, a falta de discussão dentro das escolas pode comprometer o desenvolvimento do aluno no que se refere a valorização de todas as culturas e a respeito das diferenças entre os cidadãos. Nesse sentido, a instituição escolar é um dos espaços que possibilita a construção do processo de interação, de humanização e de apostas na justiça social para um mundo melhor.
Assessment of the Value of Stomatal Size and Density as Hallmarks of Nonaploid Kiwifruit Plants
Authors: Chłosta Iwona , Góralski Grzegorz , Popielarska-Konieczna Marzena
Published: October 2021

In vitro-derived plants with elevated ploidy levels can display distinguishing features from the plants they are derived from, especially owing to their indirect regeneration. Genome size affects cell size and, thus, affects plant morphological characteristics. Therefore, stomata traits may be used as a diagnostic feature allowing identification of ploidy.
Actinidia chinensis
var.
deliciosa
A. Chev. (A. Chev.), known as kiwifruit, is successfully cultured in vitro and redifferentiated into plants via endosperm-derived calli. To identify differences between hexaploids obtained from seeds and confirmed nonaploids obtained from endosperm-derived calli, we analyzed the stomata. Our results confirmed that ploidy coincides with mean stomatal length, width, and density. Despite this correlation, this method cannot be used to distinguish individual hexaploid kiwifruit plants from nonaploid ones because samples with different ploidy yielded overlapping measurements.
Measurement and determinants of creative capital in Europe
Authors: Bąk Julia , Roszkowska Sylwia
Published: October 2021

One of the important factors influencing the development and competitiveness of economies is creative capital. It differs significantly among European countries, which has an influence on income and quality of life. The aim of the research discussed in this article is to determine the level of creative capital in Europe and to identify its determinants. The starting point of the analysis is the 3T theory (talent, technology, tolerance), formulated by Richard Florida, and the concept of a creativity index, which derives from the theory. The concept does not define creative capital precisely, therefore, this article proposes its measures based on statistical data obtained from Eurostat and a synthetic measure of creative capital. Data relating to European countries and covering the period of 2011–2018 were used. Moreover, an attempt was made to determine the level of creative capital by means of socio-economic factors (e.g. the number of people working in creative professions, the structure of the population by age and income, and expenditure on culture). Empirical analyses indicate significant differences in the level of creative capital in Europe. This is mainly influenced by the level of the wealth of economies and the number of people working in creative occupations, while cultural expenditure is less important for the development of creative capital.
A recipe for volunteering
Authors: Kokoszczyńska Agnieszka , Syska Magdalena
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to show the provision of volunteer services in an organizational, social and legal context. The authors study the abovementioned areas basing on the activities of Płock Volunteering, an institution established as part of the Płock City Council, and the Volunteering run by the Municipal Social Assistance Centre in Płock. In the study a quantitative and qualitative method was applied. The authors used own survey and interview questionnaires. They focus on presenting the principles of recruitment and organization of volunteers’ work, and the principles of cooperation with them. They indicate the types of activities undertaken, their beneficiaries: mainly the elderly, lonely people, children and young people from families struggling with various types of problems. A large part of the work is devoted to the profile of a volunteer and showing volunteering as an instrument for the development of the local environment and preventing social exclusion and marginalization. According to the carried-out study, the majority of respondents – volunteers of the aforementioned institutions – were women from cities with more than 100 000 inhabitants, aged 13 or older, conscientious students. Their motivation for volunteering is selfish and task-oriented. The most common forms are permanent individual and group volunteering. The empirical analysis carried out indicates the benefits of volunteering and confirms the need to promote it.
Fatores associados à limitação de atividade em casos novos de hanseníase em município hiperendêmico do Nordeste, Brasil
Authors: Matos Thais Silva , Souza Carlos Dornels Freire de , Moura José Carlos de , Fernandes Tânia Rita Moreno de Oliveira , Mariano Renato de Souza
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A hanseníase é uma doença tropical negligenciada causada por Mycobacterium leprae. O Brasil é um dos principais países endêmicos para a doença, persistindo como problema de saúde pública. Além disso, é a principal doença infecciosa causadora de incapacidades físicas. Objetivos: Analisar a magnitude e os fatores associados à limitação de atividade nos casos novos de hanseníase diagnosticados no centro de referência do nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal envolvendo 50 pessoas com diagnóstico de hanseníase. Foram coletadas variáveis clínicas e sociodemográficas além de aplicação da escala SALSA para análise da limitação funcional. Empregou-se regressão logística com cálculo de odds ratio. Resultados: A presença de limitações funcionais foi registrada em 32% (n=16) dos casos analisados, destacando-se sexo feminino (56,3%), idosos (37,5%), baixa escolaridade (87,6%), forma dimorfa (62,5%), classificação multibacilar (75,0%) e grau 2 de incapacidade física (50,0%). A limitação funcional esteve associada a faixa etária ≥45 anos (OR 3,80; p=0,047), classificação multibacilar (OR 4,28; p=0,021) e escore OMP ≥6 (OR 4,69; p=0,041). Conclusão: Observou-se elevada frequência de pessoas com incapacidade físicas. Os fatores associados à limitação funcional foram idade igual ou superior a 45 anos, classificação multibacilar e escore OMP maior ou igual a seis.
Melhoria contínua da qualidade
Authors: Ramos Maurício , Brandão Ana Laura , Graever Leonardo , Campos Carlos Eduardo Aguilera
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A melhoria contínua da qualidade (MCQ) em saúde pode ser conceituada como um compromisso de melhorar continuamente a qualidade do cuidado, centrando-se nas preferências e necessidades das pessoas que usam os serviços. No Brasil, entre os anos de 2009 e 2016, houve grande incentivo à avaliação do desempenho e melhoria da qualidade das equipes de saúde da família (eSF), através do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). No município do Rio de Janeiro (MRJ), ocorreram os seminários de accountability, um processo organizado pela gestão municipal para apresentação e avaliação de resultados por avaliadores externos a partir de uma matriz de indicadores previamente definidos, e os seminários de avaliação e melhoria da qualidade, organizados em 2018, com a prerrogativa do uso de ferramentas de MCQ pelas eSF e gestão local. Objetivos: Analisar a experiência das equipes de APS do MRJ em utilizar ferramentas de MCQ no seu processo de trabalho. Métodos: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas aos profissionais que compõe a coordenação técnica das unidades básicas de saúde, avaliando-se a percepção geral sobre o trabalho e a rede, a presença de planejamento estratégico e a compreensão sobre os seminários de avaliação e melhoria da qualidade, por meio de da análise do conteúdo das entrevistas. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 54% avaliam seu trabalho como “regular” e 36 % como “ruim” e todos entrevistados levaram em consideração o atual cenário da APS do MRJ para autoavaliação. Dos participantes, 86% relataram que as reuniões de equipe não acontecem na periodicidade prevista, contudo apontam para a ênfase no planejamento dos processos de trabalho nas reuniões. Somente 10% informaram que utilizam indicadores em saúde para nortear as ações a serem discutidas em reunião. Apenas 14% conseguiram realizar o itinerário completo dos seminários de MCQ com apoio de toda a equipe. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a importância da institucionalização da MCQ e da avaliação em saúde, a influência negativa de um cenário político adverso e seu impacto nos processos de MCQ.
Simplification in Transfer Pricing
Authors: Navarro Aitor
Published: October 2021

It is the aim of this contribution to sustain that, despite the inherent complexity that the enforcement of the arm’s length rationale entails, it is feasible—and desirable—to introduce simplification measures without abandoning this worldwide accepted standard, especially in the context of developing countries and despite reticence shown by international organizations such as the OECD. Complexity in transfer pricing erodes fairness and equity and promotes profit shifting, which paradoxically constitutes the opposite outcome that this set of rules wants to achieve. This is the reason why it is urgent to propose and encourage the adoption of a means to neutralize unnecessary complexity in this field. The adoption of rebuttable predetermined margins and/or methods is proposed as the best solution in a context in which policymakers want to keep the arm’s length rationale intact. Also, even despite its shortcomings, irrebuttable predetermined safe harbors should be considered potentially feasible and a valid policy option.
Main Tax Policy Matters for Establishing Chile as a Regional Operative Investment Hub
Authors: Hurtado Hugo , Del Valle Jaime
Published: October 2021

Unlike other OECD countries, Chile has not yet established a uniform tax policy toward foreign investment. Moreover, Chile had past experiences of unsuccessful legislation on specific exempted investment vehicles created with the purpose of establishing the country as a hub or platform for foreign investment. An effective international tax policy design requires taking a holistic view of the challenges and their corresponding solutions. As a country’s tax regime is a key policy instrument that may negatively or positively influence investment, Chilean tax policy is being oriented in this regard. This Article reviews the progress of those projects and current legislation, compares other OECD countries’ experiences in this matter, analyzing the main facts or elements to consider upon deciding the relevant tax policy, and finally proposes a tax regime that could make Chile more competitive when attracting foreign operative investment, focused on a more regional approach. Accordingly, this Article also intends to serve as guide or help to be considered by regulators on the hard road of designing tax standards.
Using Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Methods during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: Preservice and In-Service Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Kaur Swaran Singh Charanjit , Alhusna Madzlan Noor , Tek Ong Eng , Gopal Revathi , Mastura Muhammad Mazura , Shuhaida Shukor Siti , Azmi Mostafa Nor , Singh Masa Singh Tarsame , Maniam Mahendran
Published: October 2021

The world witnessed the outbreak of the Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with lockdowns that forced most schools and other educational institutions to close down. Alternative approaches in the form of synchronous and asynchronous methods were adopted to ensure continuity in teaching and learning in this new norm of providing emergency remote education. This chapter aims at presenting preservice and in-service teachers’ views on using synchronous versus asynchronous teaching and learning methods during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Data were elicited from three groups of preservice teachers and one group of in-service teachers from three different courses in one teacher education university in Malaysia. Implementation of the e-learning approaches including synchronous and asynchronous sessions was planned carefully based on the course learning outcomes. Important elements such as identification of the learning platform, delivering and conveying information to preservice teachers about the e-learning activities, assessment strategies, attendance, and students’ reflection were taken into consideration.
Farmer’s Perception of Associates Non-Cocoa Tree’s Leaf Litterfall Fertilizing Potential in Cocoa-Based Agroforestry System
Authors: Lionelle Tsouga Manga Milie , Menoh A Ngon René , Akoutou Mvondo Etienne , Ndo Eunice , Nomo Bidzanga , Ambang Zachée
Published: October 2021

Investigations to assess farmer’s perceptions on the fertilizing potential of associated trees species in cocoa agroforest of degraded forest ecology were carried out in southern Cameroon. The perception of the farmers was based on the ability of the trees to maintain or improve soil fertility of their farms. The verification of these perceptions was done through an evaluation of litter fall biomass nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) of selected trees. The top 5 associates trees ranked by farmers was: Milicia excelsa, Ceiba pentandra, Ficus mucuso, Asltonia boonei, Terminalia superba. The chemical analysis of the leaf litter from the different tree species revealed a significant different between their chemical components. N appeared to have the highest concentrations varying from 2.82 to 5.57% with a mean value of 4.25 ± 1.065%, P had the lowest concentrations typically around 0.001%. The top 5 tree species based on the chemical analysis ranking were: C. pentandra, M. excelsa, Eribroma oblungum, Alstonia boonei, Zanthoxylum heitzi. Farmer’s perceptions thou holistic, are not completely different from scientific finding. Therefore, they should be taken in consideration in management plans for cocoa- based systems in order to enhance their ecological and economic performance.
Endophytic Microorganisms as an Alternative for the Biocontrol of Phytophthora spp.
Authors: José Bolivar-Anillo Hernando , E. González-Rodríguez Victoria , Reyes Almeida Giovanna , Izquierdo-Bueno Inmaculada , Moraga Javier , Carbú María , M. Cantoral Jesús , Garrido Carlos
Published: October 2021

The genus Phytophthora with more than 100 described species and 58 officially recognized, phylogenetically distributed in ten clades, are important pathogenic oomycete chromists that cause important diseases in agricultural crops, trees and forests worldwide. This genus is known as \"The Plant Destroyer” which causes great economic losses with costs between 2 and 7 billion dollars per year in agricultural systems and unquantifiable losses in natural ecosystems. The host plants of the genus Phytophthora can vary from a wide range in some species to only one host, however, the host plants of the new species are still being determined and therefore the range continues to expand, that makes control exceedingly difficult. Plant damage can range from alterations in roots, fruits, trunks, stems, foliage and crown to invasive processes in highly susceptible species. Considering the wide range of hosts and organs that can be affected by Phytophthora, the use of endophytic microorganisms for the biocontrol of this phytopathogen can be an alternative to avoid losses of both crops and forests worldwide. Endophytes are microorganisms that live inside plant tissues without causing disease under any circumstances. The fact that endophytic microorganisms are able to colonize an ecological niche similar to that of some plant pathogens qualifies them as potential biocontrol agents. This chapter describes the endophytic bacteria and fungi isolated from different plant species that have shown antagonistic activity against different species of Phytophthora, as well as the metabolites isolated from these microorganisms that have shown fungicide activity and other biocontrol strategies (enzyme production, siderophores, substrate competition, among others) against Phytophthora.
Middle Ordovician Drepanoistodus (Vertebrata, Conodonta) from Baltica, with description of three new species
Authors: Rasmussen Jan Audun , Eriksson Mats E. , Lindskog Anders
Published: October 2021

Drepanoistodus basiovalis (Sergeeva, 1963) is a common conodont species in Middle Ordovician strata of Baltica. For many years it has been widely accepted that the species encompasses a wide range of morphological plasticity. Hence, several different morphotypes that significantly deviate from the holotype have nonetheless been included in the broad species concept. In this study, we performed a detailed taxonomical study on 112 predominantly well-preserved specimens (geniculate elements) from the St. Petersburg region of Russia; 37 of these were selected for morphometric analyses together with 21 well-illustrated specimens from the published literature. The results demonstrate that, among the morphotypes that share some characteristics with D. basiovalis sensu lato, at least five species can be readily distinguished. Hence, three new species – Drepanoistodus iommii sp. nov., D. svendi sp. nov. and D. viirae sp. nov. – are here added to the previously known D. basiovalis and D. contractus (Lindström, 1955). In addition, some specimens were left under open nomenclature and assigned to Drepanoistodus aff. basiovalis and D. cf. suberectus (Branson & Mehl, 1933). In order to objectively compare the Drepanoistodus taxa and test the validity of the new species, we performed a Principal Component Analysis combined with non-parametric (PERMANOVA) tests based on 21 morphological characters.
RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL PELO DESVIO PRODUTIVO: ESTUDO DE CASO PARA IDENTIFICAR O POSICIONAMENTO DO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DE SÃO PAULO NA APLICAÇÃO DA TEORIA DO DESVIO PRODUTIVO DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Andrade Mariana Dionísio de , Pinto Eduardo Régis Girão de Castro , Aragão Larissa Magalhães
Published: October 2021

O estudo se destina a responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: é possível identificar uma evolução jurisprudencial na aplicação da Teoria do Desvio Produtivo do Consumidor no Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo? Para atingir o objetivo, é necessário discutir a banalização da responsabilidade civil ao dano temporal e, finalmente, identificar como ocorre a tutela ao tempo em termos práticos, com o levantamento de dados do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo (TJSP) quanto a aplicação da Teoria do Desvio Produtivo do Consumidor. A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa e descritiva, utilizando suporte quantitativo como mecanismo complementar de mensuração numérica dos fenômenos observados. A escolha do TJSP se justifica por ser o primeiro Tribunal brasileiro a reconhecer, em precedentes judiciais, a responsabilização pelo desvio produtivo e considerar o tempo como bem jurídico indenizável. Conclui-se que é possível identificar uma crescente evolução jurisprudencial na aplicação da Teoria do Desvio Produtivo do Consumidor, principalmente nos últimos quatro anos, revelando uma valoração do tempo vital.
CONCURSOS PÚBLICOS E OBJEÇÃO DE CONSCIÊNCIA NO BRASIL E ALEMANHA
Authors: Streck Lenio Luiz
Published: October 2021

A partir da perspectiva relacionada a liberdade religiosa, dada fundamentabilidade do direito de liberdade de credo, propugna-se discutir de que forma se decide no Basil. Para tanto, será apresentado o tratamento do Direito alemão sobre o tema da liberdade religiosa, breves apontamentos sobre a objeção de consciência no Brasil, para então discutirmos a questão do impacto negativo de decisões judiciais e o ativismo judicial em solo brasileiro. Utilizou-se nesse estudo o método fenomenológico hermenêutico desvendando as várias camadas do fenômeno, revolvendo o chão linguístico sob o qual se assenta a presente temática
Analysis of the occurrence, location and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma recurrence
Authors: Gašić Jugoslav , Jović Rajko , Vučinić Zmajko
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The efficacy of the applied model of laryngeal cancer treatment is measured by recurrence. Recurrence significantly reduces survival and determines the type of subsequent treatment. Objective: To determine the incidence of laryngeal cancer recurrence, the location of recurrence, and the definitive treatment of laryngeal cancer recurrence concerning different types of surgical treatments applied. Results: In the period from 2002 to 2017, 844 subjects with primary operated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed. Recurrence developed in 191/844 (22.6%) subjects. The mean recurrence time is 12.6 months. Supraglottic carcinoma is more likely to recur than glottic carcinoma 35.93% / 17.46%, p = 0.000. In N0 necks the recurrence rate is 14.42% and in N + necks it is 45.91, p = 0.000. In more advanced stages of the disease, the number of recurrence increases, p = 0.000. The most common area of recurrence is the neck with 45%, followed by local recurrence with 25.1%. Recurrence most often occurs in subjects with total laryngectomy and partial pharyngectomy, 50%. The most common development of regional recurrence is in the N3 category and extracapsular spread, 72.7%. The definitive treatment of recurrence usually involves radical neck dissection and total laryngectomy. Subjects with recurrence have a significantly lower three-year overall survival compared to those without recurrence, 47.6% / 92.3%, p = 0.000. Conclusion: Recurrence is expected in every fourth patient in the first 36 months following any type of surgical treatment of laryngeal carcinoma. The efficacy of treatment is directly related to recurrence. Recurrence is more common in more advanced stages of disease, extracapsular spread, and present metastases in the neck. Recurrence significantly reduces the overall survival of patients with laryngeal cancer.
Secondary hyperaldosteronism and hypertension
Authors: Mijalković Miloš , Pajović Slavica , Jovanović Aleksandar , Šipić Maja
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor affecting about 10-40% of the adult population. Secondary endocrine hypertension most often results from excessive aldosterone secretion. Complications related to excessive aldosterone secretion include atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, myocardial fibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy, stroke, and increased cardiovascular mortality. Case report: This report presents a hypotensive woman with hypertensive reactions, newly diagnosed unilateral hyperplasia of the left adrenal gland and secondary hyperaldosteronism. Due to good blood pressure and normalized electrolyte status as a result of antihypertensive drug therapy and absence of damage to target organs, surgical treatment of unilateral adrenal hyperplasia was postponed. Conclusion: In case of midlife and late-life hypertension, it is necessary to consider a cause in the patient's endocrine system. AUTHORS SUMMARY SRPSKI 2021; 50 (1,2) 51-54
Ilija Čvorović: 'Everything is the opposite of what it looks like'
Authors: Ahmetagić Jasmina
Published: October 2021

We focus here on the paranoid disorder of the protagonist of Dušan Kovačević's drama Balkan's spy. Although all literary critiques mention hero's paranoia, regularly and by default, this feature hasn't been deeply considered anywhere. Paranoia is, however, not only hero's conspicuous and central characteristic, but also a phenomenon by virtue of our revealing the deep semantic layers of Kovačević's drama. We show here how much the paranoid phenomenon contributes to tragycomedy, which was the literary concept Kovačević had in mind while he was creating the play. Beneath the series of comical situations, which Ilija causes by his behavior and interpretations, there is a tragedy of small man in totalitarian system, the man who was a victim, but who transformed into an abuser. Perceiving the psychological literature of the paranoid disorder, we are proving how extraordinary deeply Kovačević conceived his hero and by means of him, he gave a powerful critique of Tito's Yougoslavia.
Anthropological linguistics research of Kosovo and Metohija's IDPS: Life in refugee camp
Authors: Sikimić Biljana
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of field research of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija conducted in the period 2001-2012 in collective centers and private accommodation in Serbia archived in the Digital Archive of the Balkan Institute of SANU and their possible application for further research of oral history. On the example of the analysis of excerpts from conversations held in a collective center in Kraljevo in 2012 with a focus on exodus and later life in the collective center, from the point of view of memory culture and trauma studies, creation of an online archive of oral history of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija is proposed.
The semantic field human states and emotions in French and Serbian phrasemes with birds' names
Authors: Zdravković Stefan , Jovanović Ivan
Published: October 2021

In this article are analysed French and Serbian phrasemes with names of birds by using the contrastive approach in order to show all the similarities and differences that appear on semantic and linguocultural plan. The subject of our research consists of French and Serbian phrasemes that have names of domestic and wild birds (caille, canard, cane, coq, dindon, épervier, grive, linotte, merle, merlette, oiseau, pie, pinson, poule, poulet d'Inde, poussin, vrabac, vrana, gavran, golub, guska, ždral, živina, kokoš(ka), kukavica, patka, pile, prepelica, ptica, ševa). The reason for choosing these zoonymic components is based on the fact that many birds live in close human neighbourhood and they are present for centuries in his everyday life, so the birds' names have become the part of phrasemes in French and in Serbian language. The study provides a better view of the reconstruction of the linguistic image of the world in the minds of French and Serbian speakers, as well as the nature of their relationship to the concepts presented by the phrasemes with the names of birds belonging to the semantic field HUMAN STATES AND EMOTIONS. By relying on linguocultural method of A. Wierzbicka and Kleiber's theory of semantic fields we classified the analysed corpus among 15 semantic subfields depending on the concept that they represent: SADNESS, HAPPINESS, UNHAPPINESS, INDIFFERENCE, LOVE, FREEDOM, DISCOURAGEMENT, CONFUSION, DISPUTE, LOSS OF MIND, FEAR, DRUNKENNESS, STATE OF DEATH, MAN'S FINANCIAL SITUATION, MAN'S MARITAL STATUS.
Conditions for the formation of future primary teachers' self-expression culture in the educational process of the university
Authors: Omel'čenko Elizaveta
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the problem of the formation students' self-expression culture who are preparing to be primary school teachers. The author's view is presented on the conditions created in the educational process of the university, in which the future young specialists' self-expression culture acquires the characteristics necessary for successful professional activity. Such conditions include the development of basic educational programs of professional training, which are based on the ideas of developing a the future students' self-expression culture PEO, the introduction of subjects that characterize the self-expression culture of the teacher, peculiarities of its formation; organization of students' activities in the academic and extracurricular time with involvement in situations where they can express themselves according to their personal preferences and the requirements of their professional activities; methodological support of vocational training, containing materials that reveal questions about the teachers' self-expression culture and its formation. It is emphasized that the success of the students' education, the formation of their characteristics of the self-expression culture depends on what features of the self-expression culture are demonstrated by the primary teacher to them.
Traditional teaching systems in didactic theory
Authors: Krulj Jelena , Vidosavljević Slađana
Published: October 2021

During the historical development of didactic theory and teaching practice, numerous systems have been developed to determine the structure of work in teaching. The term system is a word of Greek origin and means attitude or order. Today, the term system is defined in different ways. It is defined as a set of elements whose mutual relations are based on certain laws or principles. The term didactics is also of Greek origin and originally means teaching, today we know that didactics is the science of teaching. There is no consensus in the didactic literature on what is meant by the term didactic or teaching system. The reason for that is that there are several divisions and explanations, because in the past period various didactic systems have been developed which determined the structure of work in teaching. Today, by teaching system we mean a shaped and designed way of organizing learning in teaching. Teaching systems are among the basic didactic issues and are the result of studying didactic theory and teaching practice. It is almost impossible to imagine a formal educational process without the application of modern educational technologies, which increasingly imply the intensive application of information and communication technologies and media. In this paper we will look at the very beginning of teaching and the traditional system of teaching in didactic theory.
Educational potential of fine arts at preschool age
Authors: Zečević Radmila
Published: October 2021

The creative potential of art, which is acquired through work processes, is of valuable importance for other areas as well. Children's artistic expression is not only a distinctly artistic activity, but at the same time it is a process of learning and checking one's own possibilities. Given the fact that there is a relative crisis in the teaching of art education, this paper aims to affirm the role and importance of art culture and art, with an emphasis on preschool age. The author starts from a short historical review of fine arts practice in the educational context, after which he emphasizes the importance of fine arts and culture in society in general, and then in preschool education. The paper also talks about the artistic and visual expression of children positioned through preschool age, as well as the importance of the pedagogical influence of the environment.
Espacios discursivos: una solución al problema de la heterogeneidad discursiva
Authors: Pop Liana
Published: October 2021

El propósito del presente artículo es mostrar las ventajas de una pers pectiva de modelación y análisis del discurso en los términos que llamamos en otra parte «espacios discursivos», es decir, capas referenciales, virtual y simultáneamente al alcance de los hablantes, tanto en el proceso de producción, como en el de interpretación del discurso (Pop, 2000).
La profundidad de la representación: la mirada flamenca en la pintura y la literatura
Authors: Panzaru Loan
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo propone un marco conceptual en el que poda mos hablar de pintura y literatura en térroinos comunes, teniendo en cuenta al mismo tiempo lo específico de cada arte. Pretendemos cir cunscribir el tipo de complejidad que ha sido siempre imputado a los pintores flamencos y procuramos argumentar, empleando el ejemplo de Philippe de Commynes, que también (al menos algunos) escritores originarios de los Países Bajos presentan la misma característica: la mirada flamenca.
Albacete (2ª mitad del S. XIX)
Authors: Cortés Ibáñez Emilia
Published: October 2021

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Short Cuts: Dos modos diferentes de aproximación
Authors: López García Luis
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo se hace un análisis comparativo entre un conjunto de relatos breves del escritor Raymond Carver (1994), publicados desde principios de los años setenta, y su correspondiente versión cinemato gráfica en un argumento unificado por el director Robert Altman bajo el título Short Cuts (1992) A la luz de este ejemplo, se examinan aspectos relativos a las diferencias en la técnica narrativa entre litera tura y cine, así como los modos de aproximación a la realidad social y psicológica de los personajes practicados por ambos medios.
Reseña de: María Teresa Navarro Salazar (ed.): NOVELA HISTÓRICA EUROPEA. (Madrid: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia,2000, 121 páginas)
Authors: Moreno Hernández Antonio
Published: October 2021

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Reseña de: Angel Suárez Muñoz. EL TEATRO LÓPEZ DE AYALA. EL TEATRO EN BADAJOZ A FINALES DEL SIGLO XIX (1887-1900) (Mérida; Editora Regional de Extremadura, 2002)
Authors: Martos Núñez Eloy
Published: October 2021

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Attentive and emotional listening to music: The role of positive and negative affect
Authors: Leipold Bernhard , Loepthien Tim
Published: October 2021

In a cross-sectional study, associations of global affect with two ways of listening to music – attentive-analytical listening (AL) and emotional listening (EL) – were examined. Based on a two-dimensional model of general affect, we focused on the degrees to which AL and EL are differentially correlated with positive and negative affect. In addition to bivariate relationships, the interactions between different states of general affect were tested. In Study 1, a sample of 1,291 individuals responded to questionnaires on listening to music, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). We used the PANAS, which measures PA and NA as high arousal dimensions. AL was positively correlated with PA, EL with NA. Moderation analyses showed stronger associations between PA and AL when NA was low. Study 2 (N = 499 participants) differentiated between three facets of affect and focused, in addition to PA and NA, on the role of relaxation. Similar to the findings of Study 1, AL was correlated with PA, EL with NA and PA. Moderation analyses indicated that the degree to which PA was associated with an individual´s tendency to listen to music attentively depended on their degree of relaxation. In addition, the correlation between PA and EL was stronger for individuals who were more relaxed; for individuals who were less relaxed, the correlation between NA and EL was stronger. In sum, the results demonstrate not only simple bivariate correlations, but also that the expected associations vary, depending on the different affective states. We argue that the results reflect a dual function of listening to music, which includes emotional regulation and information processing.
Get Rich Syndrome: Examining the Fight against Cybercrime in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Idemili-Aronu Ngozi , Ajah Ifeyinwa Angela , Ezeanya Oguejiofo C. P. , Omaliko Joy Chikaodili , Nwonovo Oluchukwu Sunday
Published: October 2021

Despite the large scale provisions within the Nigerian legal framework that address the issue of cyber frauds, there is an alarming increase in cyber-offences in Nigeria. This necessitated the present study that employed semi-structured interviews to draw data from civil servants from grade level twelve and above and business owners aged 40 years and over [N = 34]. The study participants were recruited through a purposive sampling method and data were analyzed thematically. Results show that individuals and different organizations are often hit through direct hacking, malware planting, and many other more sophisticated means by cyber-criminals. The study calls for the Nigerian leaders to reach a consensus on the meaning of cyber fraud, the effects and roles each community must play to reach an agreed goal. Parents need to also balance euphoria in their children with training and preparations for the harsh environments in the real world.
Investigating Real Work Situations in Translation Agencies. Work Content and Its Components
Authors: Kuznik Anna , Verd Joan Miquel
Published: October 2021

The aim of this article1 is to analyze work content and its components in translation agencies. In the conceptual part of the article, we refer to concepts taken from the sociology of work and translation studies. In the analytical part, we use data produced by Stelmach in her study carried out in a small translation agency in Poland using the technique of self-observation (Stelmach 2000). The aim of Stelmach’s study was to record and analyze all the activities that formpart of the production process of a translation service. Because the observation was continual in time, it provided a complete list of all the activities carried out by the permanent staff occupying two internal jobs. Stelmach’s approach was quantitative and not focused on specifi c, translation-related work organization. In this article, we reinterpret these activities as the content of the work in translation-related internal positions, and compare it with Gouadec’s model oftranslation service provision process (Gouadec 2002, 2005a, 2005b, 2007). The data analyzed show the importance of outsourcing in the everyday activity of translation agencies and (partly as a consequence of this outsourcing) the magnitude and importance of the management activities carried out by the staff.
Content Analysis of Language-Sensitive Recruitment Influenced by Corporate Language Policy Using Topic Modeling
Authors: Zhang Ziyuan
Published: October 2021

Language-sensitive recruitment is a language management tool frequently used by corporate organizations. However, its relationship with corporate policy is lacking; hence, this study aims to consider language-sensitive job advertisements from a computational text analysis perspective and explore the match (or mismatch) between language-sensitive recruitment (English, Japanese, or bilingual) and corporate language policy. This study uses corpus methods combined with topic modeling and text analysis to investigate the influence of corporate language policy on the textual practice of language-sensitive recruitment in a Japanese multinational corporation (MNC). This study finds a considerable discrepancy between recruitment needs and corporate language policy. It also finds that bilinguals still play a key role in crossing language boundaries 10 years post-mandate of the English language policy in this Japanese MNC. The study contributes to business language by exploring an additional scenario for linking language competency with actual recruitment needs. Thus, this study sheds light on the implementation of language-sensitive recruitment in a multilingual corporate context, affecting the communication patterns and recruitment tactics.
Apprendre à animer un cercle pédagogique : préoccupations de conseiller⋅ère⋅s pédagogiques
Authors: Giguère Marie-Hélène
Published: October 2021

Les conseiller⋅ère⋅s pédagogiques sont de plus en plus appelé⋅e⋅s à accompagner et non plus à simplement former le personnel enseignant dans la transformation de leurs pratiques pédagogiques. Or, très peu de dispositifs d’accompagnement visant le développement professionnel des conseiller⋅ère⋅s pédagogiques sont documentés. Cette recherche collaborative décrit les préoccupations d’une équipe de conseiller⋅ère⋅s pédagogiques s’appropriant l’animation d’un cercle pédagogique, un dispositif de développement professionnel. Sept rencontres d’échange et un entretien collectif ont été menés. Des analyses thématiques de contenu ont permis de dégager huit sous-dimensions auxquelles les conseiller⋅ère⋅s pédagogiques ont accordé de l’importance. Les résultats indiquent que des aspects organisationnels y tiennent une grande place, mais ont aussi un impact sur leur identité professionnelle.
Entre croyances et pratiques de futurs enseignants de mathématiques au secondaire : une relation perméable
Authors: Hanin Vanessa , Laurent Anaïs , Van Nieuwenhoven Catherine
Published: October 2021

La stabilité des résultats faibles des élèves en mathématiques préoccupe depuis bon nombre d’années les systèmes éducatifs à travers le monde. Si les pratiques pédagogiques enseignantes sont pointées comme un facteur déterminant de l’engagement des élèves et de la qualité de leurs apprentissages, elles ne représentent que la partie émergée de l’iceberg. Beaucoup de travaux ont montré que ces pratiques sont fortement colorées tant par les croyances épistémologiques que par les croyances relatives à l’enseignement et à l’apprentissage des disciplines.Àce sujet, si certaines recherches rapportent une influence péremptoire des croyances sur les pratiques enseignantes, d’autres présentent des résultats plus modérés en soulignant, par exemple, la perméabilité des croyances à la formation initiale. S’appuyant sur les résultats d’une étude quantitative ayant identifié trois profils de croyances (pro-traditionnel, anti-traditionnel, flexible) chez 190 futurs enseignants de mathématiques au secondaire, en dernière année de formation, cette contribution vise à éclairer qualitativement l’articulation entre les croyances et les pratiques pédagogiques de onze d’entre eux. L’analyse des entretiens fait ressortir la nature conciliable des conceptions transmissives et constructivistes de l’enseignement-apprentissage. En outre, la présence de pratiques pédagogiques similaires, soutenues en formation, au sein de profils aux croyances contrastées plaide en faveur d’une non-linéarité croyances-pratiques.
Mieux articuler ses croyances et ses pratiques en matière d’inclusion grâce au soutien d’un dispositif ULIS : perspectives et limites
Authors: Kheroufi-Andriot Olivier
Published: October 2021

Une enseignante du second degré de l’enseignement français est engagée dans l’inclusion d’adolescents qui ont un handicap intellectuel, et articuler ses croyances à ses pratiques en matière d’inclusion n’a rien d’évident. Elle y parvient néanmoins avec le soutien d’un dispositif d’adaptation scolaire de son collège, et les résultats de notre enquête de terrain, qui a pris la forme d’une démarche socio-anthropologique centrée sur l’étude de cas, aident à mieux comprendre comment et pourquoi le soutien dont elle bénéficie de la part de ce dispositif lui permet d’aligner ses croyances et ses pratiques en matière d’inclusion. Ses croyances sur la scolarisation des adolescents ayant un handicap intellectuel sont identifiées, et ses pratiques et le soutien dont elle bénéficie de la part du dispositif ULIS sont décrits, et mis en relation avec ses croyances en matière d’inclusion. Nos résultats qui prennent appui sur l’articulation de trois approches théoriques (analyse pluridisciplinaire des situations de travail, clinique de l’activité et ergonomie constructive) permettent, dans le contexte de cette étude de cas, de mieux comprendre la construction d’un lien entre croyances et pratiques, mais questionne pour autant le soutien apporté par ce dispositif en vue d’une inscription des enseignants français dans le paradigme inclusif.
Technology Sharing and Competitiveness in a Stackelberg Model
Authors: Chen Junlong , Wei Zihan , Liu Jiali , Zheng Xiaosong
Published: October 2021

The existing literature has made great achievements in technology sharing (licensing patents) contracts, which has defects in the selection of oligopoly models, the setting of innovation subjects, the consideration of product heterogeneity, and production costs. This paper aims to reveal the competitiveness strategies of leaders and followers for innovation, technology sharing, and sharing fees in a Stackelberg market. The three-stage sequential game method is used to achieve the objective. The results are as follows. First, whether an enterprise uses innovation or shares technology is related to the fixed cost of innovation, the return on innovation, and product differentiation. It will hinder innovation activities if the fixed cost of innovation is too high, the return on innovation is too low, or the products are too homogeneous. A relatively low return on innovation makes it possible for the two enterprises to engage in sharing. However, with a relatively high return on innovation, only a high level of product differentiation can ensure technology sharing. Second, the optimal sharing fee is dynamic, showing an upward and then downward trend as the return on innovation grows. Product differentiation has an uncertain impact on the cost. Third, either the leader or the follower is likely to be the optimal bearer of social responsibility depending on the returns on innovation and product differentiation. This study has theoretical significance for optimizing technology-sharing decisions, improving competitiveness for enterprises, and formulating effective industrial policy for the government. And it provides some practical guidance for competition and cooperation between enterprises with technological innovation behavior.
Activation function and computing performance of spin neuron driven by magnetic field and strain
Authors: Yuan Jia-Hui , Yang Xiao-Kuo , Zhang Bin , Chen Ya-Bo , Zhong Jun , Wei Bo , Song Ming-Xu , Cui Huan-Qing ,   Fundamentals Department, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, China,   College of Computer, National University of Defense, Changsha 410005, China,   Airforce Command College, Beijing 100097, China
Published: October 2021

The spin neuron is an emerging artificial neural device which has many advantages such as ultra-low power consumption, strong nonlinearity, and high integration. Besides, it has ability to remember and calculate at the same time. So it is seen as a suitable and excellent candidate for the new generation of neural network. In this paper, a spin neuron driven by magnetic field and strain is proposed. The micromagnetic model of the device is realized by using the OOMMF micromagnetic simulation software, and the numerical model of the device is also established by using the LLG equation. More importantly, a three-layer neural network is composed of spin neurons constructed respectively using three materials (Terfenol-D, FeGa, Ni). It is used to study the activation functions and the ability to recognize the MNIST handwritten datasets.c Results show that the spin neuron can successfully achieve the random magnetization switching to simulate the activation behavior of the biological neuron. Moreover, the results show that if the ranges of the inputting magnetic fields are different, the three materials' neurons can all reach the saturation accuracy. It is expected to replace the traditional CMOS neuron. And the overall power consumption of intelligent computing can be further reduced by using appropriate materials. If we input the magnetic fields in the same range, the recognition speed of the spin neuron made of Ni is the slowest in the three materials. The results can establish a theoretical foundation for the design and the applications of the new artificial neural networks and the intelligent circuits.