bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strength Analysis and Safety Design of Baby Car Seat
Authors: Lin Jui Chang , Lee Bean Yin , Hsu Yuan Chuan , Lee King Sun , Weng Feng Tsai
Published: November 2012

After the automobile made an emergency brake or bumped by accident, the baby car seat will be deformed and cracked by great force, the baby car seat have became a very important topic for years. This study focuses on analyzing the state of baby car seat after receiving forces, propose the improvement of structure strength and safety factors, enhance the structural strength of baby car seat and improve collision resistance. The internal skeleton was a backbone of baby car seat structural design, this research utilized simulation that combined CAD software (Pro-E) with finite element analysis software (Ansys\Workbench) to analyze the bumping situation, the high-speed camera was also applied to record the bumping situation of baby car seat. The comparison between these two results was used to design the skeleton within safety seat in order to approach the anticipative structure strength. Therefore, structure analysis will enable baby car seat to reach a high level of collision resistance.
Load Distribution of Cross-Roller Slewing Bearing
Authors: Zhang Gang , Li Ming Yan , Sun Chang , Zhang Jian , Zhang Hai Long
Published: November 2012

Because of cross roller-slewing bearing structure have a certain degree of particularity, and two sets of cross rollers is equivalent to two columns roller stack situation, therefore it should deduce roller calculation formula for two sets of roller respectively. According to the stress of the slewing bearings, we proceed load distribution calculation synthetically under the center of bearing axial force, overturning moment and radial force. Finally, based on the above formula for calculating the bearing load distribution and through the Matlab software, we analyze the influence of some parameters on the bearing load distribution. For ensuring bearing design parameter, it has the certain reference value.
Characterization of Particle Fracture in Dissimilar Friction Welding Containing Silver Interlayer
Authors: Kannan P. , Balamurgan K. , Thirunavukkarasu K. , Puhan Sukumar
Published: November 2012

The present work discusses about the introduction of silver interlayers in dissimilar friction welding process. The characteristics of silver interlayer influenced friction weld are compared with the silver free dissimilar friction welding process. Particle fracture occurs commonly in welding process. It leads to poor quality of welds and decreases the strength of the weld which creates brittleness. Friction welding process itself reduces the particle fracture but for more precise and reliable welds, silver interlayer can be used. The introduction of silver interlayer not only reduces the particle fracture but also reduces average particle radius and leaves the particle volume fraction unchanged. So the friction welding process with silver interlayer produces more efficient welds. From all the considerations it is concluded that stable strong and friction welds with less particle fracture can be produced by the influence of silver interlayer in dissimilar friction welding.
The Application of ANSYS Stress Concentration Analysis Technique to Etch Pit Analysis on Inhaul Cable
Authors: Guo Yi , Wen Hua Bin , Pu Xiao Dong , Lu Chuan Hua
Published: November 2012

Etch pit is a common local etch on inhaul cable. Etch pit on the surface of steel wire can produce pits and lead to the appearance of stress concentration due to geometrical discontinuity in the pits area on steel wire. After studying various stress concentration analysis techniques, it is concluded P-method is the best method suitable for the stress analysis of corrosive pits. The analysis results show that the Von. Mises stress at the bottom centre of pits and stress concentration factor in the pit first decreases and then increases with the depth increase of the pits. In the research on steel wire fatigue life, when paying attention to the maximum stress value, it still needs to consider the etch degree on steel wire section. The calculated data lay a certain foundation for the life study of inhaul cable.
Study of High-Pressure Waterjet Characteristics Based on CFD Simulation
Authors: Cao Li Ping , Liu Shi , Huang Yao Song , Liu Qian , Li Zhi Hong
Published: November 2012

Nozzle spacing is an important factor influencing the effect of high-pressure water jet cleaning. When the nozzle incidence angle, the deflection angle and the target distance are determined, the size of the nozzle spacing determines the overlap of the water jet, the overlap is too large or too small will reduce the cleaning effect. In this paper ,using CFD software to simulate the flow field inside and outside of the high-pressure water jet nozzle, analysis the jet axial velocity, pressure distribution, and discussed this changes in the case of different spacing between the nozzles when the nozzle structure are same, and choose an reasonable spacing to ensure the cleaning effect.
A Characteristic Brake System Model for Passenger Car
Authors: Guan Hsin , Hao Wei Tuo , Zhan Jun
Published: November 2012

The brake safety is very important for passenger car development. Quick designing and matching brake system play an important role in automobile OEM. This paper presents a characteristic model for OEM to develop brake system by using of the features of subsystem or components. The model is a proper model because the structure parameters are not necessary. A brake pedal mechanics model is used to describe the relation of the input force and output force. The vacuum booster and master cylinder are modeled as a look-up table model. The hydraulic circuit model takes mainly account of the expansion and loss of hydraulic. After comparing the simulation data and test data, the conclusion that the model is accuracy can be drawn
A DFSS Methodology
Authors: Cai Xian Xin , Luo Xin Xing , Wang Guang Sheng
Published: November 2012

A DFSS methodology DAMV which stands for Define, Analysis, MDO and Verify suitable for the design of a complicated system was proposed. The design of a diagonal impeller was taken as an example to demonstrate the implement process of the methodology DAMV, the results of which indicate that the proposed methodology is efficient.
Numerical Research on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Lane-Changed Overtaking Cars Based on Overlapping Grid
Authors: Hu Xing Jun , Liao Lei , Wang Jing Yu , Zhang Zhi , Ren Feng Tao
Published: November 2012

Based on overlapping grid, two cars were simulated numerically through computer when lane-changed overtaking and the aerodynamic characteristics of two cars were achieved. By analysis the coefficients of side force and yawing moment and the flow field around two cars when two cars’ position changed the flow motivation and rules of interference each other were researched. The conclusions can provide the theoretical foundation for the research of transient overtaking
Research on the Collaborative Design and Application of Inventor Based on Vault
Authors: Hu Dong Fang , Li Deng Kun
Published: November 2012

The networked collaborative design has been the development trend of modern product design, the application of which has been constrained by the data access conflicts. This paper introduced the networked collaborative design method of product based on the Vault, and network collaborative function of Inventor by using the project management. Under the assistance of the Vault, we had solved the key technology of access conflict of networked collaborative design, and realized the remote design between the members of efficient coordination. In this way, we had optimized the design ideas, shortened the product development cycles and improved productivity.
The Study of Three-Layer Quantum Dots System
Authors: Wang An Mei
Published: November 2012

we studied the ground-state-transition of a vertically coupled three-layer single electron QDs system under a magnetic field by the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix.
Coordinated Control Method of the Portable Facility for Bearing Load Based on Human Electromechanical Coupling
Authors: Guo Qing , Jiang Dan
Published: November 2012

This paper has introduced electromechanical coupling characteristics in portable facility for bearing load, considered model ,according to legs supporting gait when people walking, established the load torque compensation model , and a mathematical model of knee position control system which is made of the servo valve, hydraulic cylinders and other hydraulic components, designed hydraulic cylinder position control loop in case of existing load force interference compensation, and used the method of combining the PID and lead correction network for frequency domain design ,ensured system to meet a certain stability margin. The simulation results show that this position control method can servo on the knee angular displacement of normal human walking, reached a certain portable facility bearing load and assistant power effect, at the same time, met the needs of human-machine coordinated motion.
Study of Security of Material Information Management Based on XML
Authors: Yu Su , Azar Ghassan M.
Published: November 2012

Enterprise Information, especially in the manufacturing process, material information management is a key technology. If some companies or individuals need to communicate or exchange the material information between them and they use incompatible systems, what style of data file will be chosen to exchange? Converting the data to XML can greatly reduce this complexity and create data that can be read by many different types of applications. This paper describes basic principle about XML(Extensible Markup Language) and its security, then analyzes an application of its security.
Research on Virtual Prototype Reality Design of Numerical Control Machine for Users
Authors: Hu Dong Fang , Miao Qing
Published: November 2012

Based on the principle of virtual prototype reality design and combined with the desired improvement of the user individuation in current product development. The system structure model of virtual prototype reality design of numerical control machine for Users is proposed. The main contents of the virtual prototype reality design system support environment in this model are discussed. The key technique of design process realization is provided.
The Conversion of ArcGIS Raster Data to Flac3d Brick Hexahedral Grid Data Based on ArcEngine
Authors: Li Wei Song , Ni Xiao Dong
Published: November 2012

Based on VB.NET and ArcEngine, this paper aims at achieving the conversion of ArcGIS raster data to FLAC3D hexahedral grid data. On the analysis of the formats of ArcGIS raster data and FLAC3D hexahedral grid data, a conversion program is prepared and the former is converted to the latter, at last an application example is given. The result shows that this method can not only achieve three-dimensional geological model quickly but also simulate the real terrain. Thus providing a new method for three-dimensional geological modeling and the pretreatment of FLAC3D is simplified.
Design and Research of Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis System of Geotechnical Centrifuge
Authors: Li Xin Yao , Luo Zhao Yu , Lin Ming , Zhang Ming Lei
Published: November 2012

With some increase in capacity, load and runtime, running safety of geotechnical centrifuge becomes more and more grim. General layout and structure of geotechnical centrifuge are introduced. Main fault and fault components of geotechnical centrifuge are analyzed. A new distributed equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis network system based on RS485 field bus and industrial Ethernet is designed. Key technologies of this system are researched. Real-time signals of vibration, temperature and strain can be synchronously collected and processed. The application of this system can provide a reliable basis for running safety and maintenance timely of centrifuge.
Adaptive Fuzzy SMC Control for Nonlinear System of Dual Arm Robot
Authors: Luo Shao Hua , Wen Zhi Ling , Liu Zhao Qin
Published: November 2012

In this paper, a stable adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller is developed for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems. Fuzzy logic system is designed to estimate the unknown function. Parameter adaptive laws and robustifying control terms are derived based on Lyapunov theory, and boudedness of signals in the closed-loop system can be guaranteed. The proposed controllers were used in trajectory control of right arm of dual arm robot. The results indicate that the proposed controller has satisfying tracking performance with robust characteristics.
Singularity Analysis of a New 2-DOF Parallel Tilter
Authors: Wang Hai Dong , Sun Jing , Bi Yu Quan , Yang Mao Sheng
Published: November 2012

One type of spatial new parallel mechanism with two degree of freedom is proposed.. The position and velocity analytic equation are constructed based on the coordinate transformations. Finally, the singular configuration of the tilter is analyzed by the forward and the inverse Jacobian matrix.
Evaluation of Taiwanese Solar Cell Industry Operational Performance Using Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Chueh Hao En , Jheng Jie Yi
Published: November 2012

Taiwan’s solar power industry has developed midstream cell manufacturers with a certain share of the global market. Therefore, examining the operating performance of Taiwanese solar cell manufacturers has become vital for the international competitiveness of Taiwanese manufacturing. This study used a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to measure the operational abilities and profitability of Taiwanese solar cell manufacturers. The research period for this study was between 2009 and 2011. This study’s primary contribution is in constructing a performance evaluation model for the solar cell industry to assist relevant manufacturers in the Taiwanese solar power industry in formulating operational strategies.
The Research and Implementation of Parallel In-Vehicle Vision System Based on Multi-Core Processors
Authors: Dai Zhi Tao , Wang Yi Wen , Sun Shu , Zhang Pan
Published: November 2012

This paper introduces a novel implementation of in-vehicle traffic signs and traffic lights recognition system based on FPGA multi-core processers. Images could be processed with multi-core parallel processor using the corresponding relationships of traffic signs’ color and shape. We implement this vehicle vision system on SOPC hardware platform.
Morphological and Luminescence Study on Eu3+ Doped ZnO Nanoparticle Prepared by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Suganthi M. , Bose Arumugam Chandra
Published: November 2012

Undoped and Eu3+doped ZnO nanostructure were successfully grown under hydrothermal method and europium doping concentration were varied as 1, 3 and 5 (at %). All the peaks in the XRD diffraction pattern are assigned to the typical hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. Average crystallite size was calculated from scherrer formula and it indicated an increase in crystallite size with doping concentration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for undoped and 1% doped samples shows spherical shape particles whereas for higher doping concentrations (3 and 5 at %), rod shaped particle are observed. The presence of Eu was confirmed by Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra are used to identify the strong metal oxide (Zn-O) interaction. Ultra violet visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy indicted an absorption peak at 375 nm. Red emission peak in photoluminescence (PL) spectra at 642 nm arises due to intra 4f-5d transition in Eu3+.
Synthesis of NiO Based Bimetallic Mixed Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Bayal Nisha , Jeevanandam P.
Published: November 2012

Nickel oxide based bimetallic mixed metal oxide nanoparticles are of considerable interest and they have been used as catalysts for NOx decomposition and as reactive adsorbents for ultra deep desulfurization. In the present study, nanoparticles of NiO-ZnO, NiO-CuO and NiO-MgO were synthesized by sol-gel method. The mixed metal oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Pure NiO nanoparticles show a band gap of 4.24 eV and the band gap shows a blue shift or red shift in the case of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles.
Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxide Based MgO Nanocomposites by a Simple Precursor Approach
Authors: Sharma Geetu , Jeevanandam P.
Published: November 2012

MgO based nanocomposites possess a wide range of applications in various catalytic reactions. Transition metal oxide based MgO nanocomposites are expected to be useful in spintronics. MgO has been chosen due to its less interaction with magnetic nanoparticles and also it provides stability to the magnetic nanoparticles. In the present study, MgO–Co3O4 and MgO–NiO nanocomposites have been synthesized by a simple precursor approach. Firstly, magnesium oxychloride precursors were prepared using aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride, cobalt chloride (or nickel chloride) and nanocrystalline MgO which on calcination at 500°C led to MgO–Co3O4 and MgO–NiO nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDXA, TEM and magnetic measurements. The XRD results indicate the formation of Co3O4 and NiO along with MgO on calcination of the precursors. The SEM and TEM images indicate the presence of MgO particles along with transition metal oxide nanoparticles. Magnetic measurements of both the nanocomposites (M-H) indicate superparamagnetic behavior at 5 K.
Effect of Rare Earth Doped Elements and Characterization of LaF3:Ln3+ (Ln3+= Ce3+, Pr3+, Nd3+) Nanocrystals
Authors: Gaurkhede S.G. , Khandpekar M.M. , Pati S.P. , Singh A.T.
Published: November 2012

Abstract. LaF3 nanocrystals doped with lanthanides like Ce3+, Pr3+ and Nd3+ have been prepared using microwave technique. These synthesized crystals have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. Well dispersed, elongated, nanorods of hexagonal geometry (approximately 20nm in size) have been found in TEM analysis. The average particle size estimated from XRD analysis is about 20 nm and is in close agreement with the TEM results. Four characteristic peaks one at 3434 cm-1 (broad) and other at 2924, 2853, 1632 cm-1(sharp) have been observed in the FTIR spectra. Intense Blue colour (458 nm) emission has been recorded when crystals are excited with photons of wavelength 254 nm. Non Linear Optical (NLO) properties of the synthesized nanocrystals have been studied. It has been found that second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of the prepared samples containing rare earth elements is less than pure Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals.
Application of Graphene Oxide and TiO2 in the Fabrication of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Module by Electrode Modification
Authors: Prakash Shejale Kiran , Singh Harjeet , Panjiar Himanshu , Manhas Sanjeev , Daniel Brainerd S.S.
Published: November 2012

The use of graphene oxide nanosheets as a counter-electrode material substituting platinum in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) shows the cheap way of fabricating DSSC with increase in conversion efficiency. The incorporation of graphene oxide in active electrode was increased the conversion efficiency of DSSC significantly. The DSSC was fabricated, consists of graphene-TiO2 as an active electrode and compared to cell only consist of TiO2 as an active electrode, while using carbon as a counter electrode. The DSSC fabricated with electrolyte solution and organic dye, and then they were tested for their photovoltaic performance.
Mn-Disorder Effect on Magnetism and Half Metallicity of NiCoMnGa Quaternary Heusler Alloy
Authors: Singh Mukhtiyar , Saini Hardev S. , Kashyap Manish K.
Published: November 2012

The full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) has been used to investigate the effect of disorder between Ni and Mn atoms on the electronic and magnetic properties of NiCoMnGa quaternary Heusler alloy. We observed that the increase in Mn concentration in NiCoMnGa destroys the half metallicity and decreases the total magnetic moment. Further, the disordered alloy exists in ferrimagnetic (FiM) ground state rather than ferromagnetic (FM) one of ordered system due to antiparallel alignment of extra Mn atom with respect to original Mn atom.
Development of Mo and Ta Foil Reinforced (MoSi2 + 20 Vol% SiCp) Matrix Laminated Composites
Authors: Jain Manoj Kumar , Subrahmanyam J. , Ray Subrata
Published: November 2012

MoSi2 based composites have been recognized as a potential candidate materials for high temperature structural applications. Although, MoSi2 has been reinforced by a variety of ceramic particles, ductile phase toughening of MoSi2 has received only limited attention. In the present investigation, ductile refractory metal (Mo and Ta) foils were used as reinforcements in MoSi2 matrix to prepare the laminated composites. 20 vol% SiC particles (SiCp) were also added in MoSi2 matrix to reduce the thermal expansion mismatch between MoSi2 and the ductile metal foils. The improved bonding between MoSi2-SiCp matrix layer and Mo / Ta foils due to reduced residual thermal stresses resulted in significant improvement in the room temperature fracture toughness of both the composite systems over the monolithic MoSi2.
Impact Damage Detection in GFRP Laminates through Ultrasonic Imaging
Authors: Naik H. Rama Murthy , Jerald J. , Mathivanan N. Rajesh
Published: November 2012

Composite materials are increasingly used in aerospace, naval and automotive vehicles due to their high specific strength and stiffness. In the area of Non destructive testing, ultrasonic C-scans are used frequently to detect defects in composite components caused during fabrication and damage resulting from service conditions. Ultrasonic testing uses transmission of high frequency sound waves into a material to detect imperfections or to locate changes in material properties. The most commonly used ultrasonic testing technique is pulse echo and through transmission wherein sound is introduced into a test object and reflections (echoes) are returned to a receiver from internal imperfections. Under low-velocity impact loading delaminating is observed to be a major failure mode. This report presents the use of above two techniques to detect the damage in glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) laminates. Pulse echo is used to locate the exact position of damage and through transmission is used to know the magnitude of damage in composite. This paper work will be carried out on two different thicknesses and at impact energy levels varying from 7 to 53J. The ensuring delamination damage will be determined by ultrasonic C-scans using the pulse-echo immersion method for through transmission. Delamination areas were quantified accurately by processing the raw image data using a digital image processing technique. Based on the data obtained, correlation will be established between the delamination area and the impact energy.
Strain Rate Sensitivity of Die Steel under Compressive Loads
Authors: Singh Nilamber , Singha Maloy K. , Cadoni Ezio , Gupta Narinder K.
Published: November 2012

An experimental investigation on the strain rate sensitivity of die steel (D3) has been presented in this paper at different rates (0.001-2500s-1) of uni-axial compression. Quasi-static tests (0.001s-1) of the material are conducted on universal testing machine (UTM), whereas, the experiments at high strain rates are performed on split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus. The effects of gauge length of the specimen on the material properties of the material are studied at different strain rates. The material parameters of existing Cowper-Symonds and Johnson-Cook material models are determined and the suitability of the models is examined.
Correlation of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties in SMAW Welded Cr-Mo Boiler Steels Subjected to Different Post Weld Heat Treatment Soaking Times
Authors: Ahmed S. Riyaz , Agarwal Late Ajai , Daniel Brainerd S.S.
Published: November 2012

Abstract: In the present work the effect of different durations of Post Weld Heat Treatment soaking times (0.5,2,10,50 hours) are analyzed on the mechanical and microstructural properties of Cr-Mo alloy steel of ASTM A387 Gr-22,2.25% Cr-1%Mo alloy steel. These are used in high temperature services in steam generation applications, Oil and Gas industries, Thermal and Nuclear power plants etc. The work is focused on different regions of weldment like base metal, HAZ and weld metal to compare and analyze the results obtained in as-welded and different soaking times from hardness test, tensile testing and microstructural examination. Results showed that the hardness varies from weld centre line to base metal and peak hardness was found in the HAZ. The hardness is reduced to large extent when PWHT is done at 50 h. Microstructural changes were observed during different post weld heat treatments and their effect on mechanical properties and best suitable soaking times were reported.
Hot Corrosion Studies of HVOF-Sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr Coating on 310S Stainless Steel in an Actual Environment of a Coal Fired Boiler
Authors: Shukla V.N. , Jayaganthan R. , Tewari V.K.
Published: November 2012

The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the hot corrosion behaviour of high velocity-oxy fuel (HVOF) sprayed Cr3C2-25 % NiCr coating on 310S stainless steel in an actual industrial environment of a coal fired boiler. The cyclic studies were performed in the super heater zone of a coal-fired boiler where the temperature was around 700±100C. Experiments were carried out for 3 cycles each of 500 hours duration followed by 1 hour cooling in air till room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, FEI, Quanta 200F Company) with EDAX Genesis software attachment were used to analyse the oxidation-erosion products. The Cr3C2-25wt% NiCr coated specimen showed good adherence to the 310S SS substrate with negligible microspalling of the scales. The Cr3C2-25wt % NiCr coating deposited on 310S stainless steel imparted better hot corrosion resistance than the uncoated one in the given environment.
Cladding of Tungsten Carbide and Stellite Using High Power Diode Laser to Improve the Surface Properties of Stainless Steel
Authors: Singh Raghuvir , Tiwari S.K. , Mishra Suman K.
Published: November 2012

Surface engineering is one of the most viable methods, in addition to development of new alloys and equipment design, to minimize degradation due to cavitation erosion, and corrosion. Laser surface cladding is relatively a newer engineering technique to produce metallurgically bonded coating for industrial applications due to its inherent benefits. Present paper reports the results obtained on the laser cladding of stainless steel with tungsten carbide (WC) and stellite alloy powder using high power diode laser (HPDL) at various laser parameters. Cladded specimens were characterized for erosion, and corrosion resistance. Both WC and stellite cladding have increased the erosion resistance of stainless steels. WC cladding was found to reduce the corrosion resistance of steel while stellite showed it to increase significantly.
Microstructural Characterisation of Devitrite, Na2Ca3Si6O16
Authors: Knowles Kevin M. , Li Bin , Ramsey Callum N.F. , Thompson Robert P.
Published: November 2012

On suitably heat treated samples of float glass, devitrite, Na2Ca3Si6O16, nucleates heterogeneously on the glass surface and grows as thin needles with a distinct [100] growth axis. The needles group together as spherulites and show evidence of low-angle branching in order to fill space. Analysis of the rate of needle growth along [100] between 680°C and 950°C suggests that the activation energy for diffusion governing the transport across the devitrite–glass interface is 260 kJ mol–1, somewhat higher than previous analyses have suggested. The devitrite needles are often twinned, with the twins related to one another by a Type II twinning rotation of 180° about the [100] growth axis direction. The formally irrational twin plane is very close to (010). Molecular dynamics simulations have been undertaken to establish the form of these twin interfaces to understand how and why devitrite twins in this manner.
Microstructural Parameters in Electron Irradiated PVA Films by Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering Studies (WAXS)
Authors: Rao B. Lakshmeesha , Mahadevaiah O. , Sangappa Y. , Asha S. , Somashekar R.
Published: November 2012

The radiation-induced changes in Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer films exposed to electron irradiation were investigated for different radiation dose. Polymer film samples were irradiated in air at room temperature by an electron beam accelerator at different doses: 0, 100, 150 and 200 kGy. The microstructural and surface properties of the irradiated PVA films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). An unirradiated PVA film was used as reference. Electron irradiation was found to induce changes in structural and surface properties of polymer films and such changes vary depending on the radiation dose.
Prediction and Simulation of Erosion Wear Behavior of Glass-Epoxy Composites Filled with Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Padhi Prasanta Kumar , Satapathy Alok
Published: November 2012

Solid particle erosion (SPE) wear characteristics of particulate filled polymer matrix composites have been widely explored by different investigators. Through judicious control of reinforcing solid particulate phase, selection of matrix and suitable processing technique, composites can be prepared to tailor the properties needed for any specific application. Due to high cost of conventional ceramic fillers, it has become important to explore the potential of cheap materials like mineral ores and industrial wastes for utilization in preparing particle-reinforced polymer composites. Previous researchers have reported the use of industrial wastes such as fly ash and red mud as filler materials in polymeric matrices. But the reinforcing potential of blast furnace slag (BFS) particle, a solid waste generated from pig iron production route, has not been explored so far in polymeric materials. In this work, composite samples are prepared by reinforcing micro-sized blast furnace slag as the particulate filler in epoxy resin reinforced with bi-directional glass fibre. Different specimens with varied BFS content (0, 10, 20 and 30 wt %) are fabricated by simple hand lay-up technique. They are subjected to solid particle erosion using an air jet type erosion test rig. Erosion tests are carried out by following a well designed experimental schedule based on Taguchi’s orthogonal array. Here, factors like BFS content, impact velocity, erodent temperature and impingement angle in declining sequence are found to be significant to minimize the erosion rate. A prediction model based on artificial neural network is proposed to predict the erosion performance of the composites under a wide range of erosive wear conditions. This model is based on the database obtained from the experiments and involves training, testing and prediction protocols. This work shows that an ANN model helps in saving time and resources that are required for a large number of experimental trials and successfully predicts the erosion rate of composites both within and beyond the experimental domain.
Tribological Performance of a Non Asbestos Organic Brake Pad Using Various Organic and Mineral Fibers
Authors: Balaji M.A. Sai , Kani Kalaichelvan
Published: November 2012

Non-Asbestos organic composite friction materials are increasingly used in automotive brake disc pad applications. The present paper deals with the role of various organic fibers Kevlar, Acrylic fibers and the Rock fiber namely the Lapinus fiber on the fade and recovery behavior of friction composites. Three different friction composites were developed with same formulation varying only the percentage of Kevlar, Acrylic and lapinus fibers within the formulation. The formulations containing 13.5% of these fibers were developed as brake pads and designated as NA01, NA02 and NA03 respectively. The chemical and Mechanical properties are tested as per Indian Industrial standards.. The composites are then tested for the tribo-performance using Chase Testing Machine following SAE J661a standards. The fade µ, recovery µ and wear are significantly influenced by the amount and type of fiber combinations. Also the TGA reveals the degradation temperature of these fibers. Composite NA 03 containing Kevlar and lapinus combination is found to have good tribo performance. Worn surface analysis by SEM has proved to be useful in understanding the wear behavior of the composites.
Magnetic-Field-Dependent Effect on the Synthesis of Cu2O Crystals
Authors: Kong Chun Cai , Sun Shao Dong , Sun Zhan Bo , Ding Bing Jun , Yang Zhi Mao
Published: November 2012

The effect of magnetic field on the morphology and properties of Cu2O has been investigated by using a high magnetic field (B = 7 T) during the synthesis of Cu2O. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the variation of Cu2O crystal microstructures from nanospheres to nanoparticle-aggregates under the introduction of external magnetic field. And the optical band gap energy (Eg) of Cu2O was changed from 2.51 eV (nanospheres) to 2.27 eV (nanoparticle-aggregates). The effect of high magnetic field on the structure and properties is expected to be widely used to improve various crystals.
Influence of Different Buffer Layer on Intense Pulsed Field Emission of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Ma Hua Li , Zhang Xin Yue , Qiao Shu Zhen , Zhang Rui , Zeng Fan Guang , Xia Lian Sheng
Published: November 2012

In order to study influence of buffer layer on intense pulsed field emission (IPFE) of carbon nanotube films (CNTs), CNTs were synthesized on Si substrate with different buffer by pyrolysis of iron phthalocyanine (FePc). The buffer layer including Ni and Au/Ni were prepared by using electroless plating process. The surface morphologies of the films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). IPFE properties of CNTs were measured with a diode structure in single-pulse mode. It was found that the emission ability of CNTs were improved obviously by introducing buffer layer,and Au were better than Ni as buffer layer. At the same peak electric field intensity ~11.4 V/µm, The even turn-on field decreased from 6.7V/µm for Si- CNTs to 5.9 V/µm for Ni- CNTs to 4.6V/µm for Au- CNTs (the CNTs synthesized on Si substrate with Au/Ni buffer,Ni buffer and without buffer was abbreviated as Au-CNTs , Ni- CNTs,Si-CNTs, respectively) , and the peak emission current increased from 90A for Si- CNTs to 180A for Ni- CNTs to 260A for Au- CNTs.
Damping Properties of SBR Modified Cement Pastes
Authors: Zhang Zhen Lei , Wang Pei Ming
Published: November 2012

Earthquakes, wind buffeting, ocean waves， noise vibration and explosion are all harmful to people’s life. For controlling the vibrations one way is by improving the material damping capacity. Effects of improving the damping properties of cement based material by adding polymer, fiber and interfacial modification have been admitted. Whereas the relationship of the influence of the dosage of polymer to the damping functions and the changes of damping behaviors at different frequency, temperature environment have received much less attention. The main objective of this paper is to research the damping behavior of SBR modified cement pastes at different frequencies, temperatures and polymer contents by dynamic mechanical analysis Experimental results showed that the damping behaviors of low P/C ratio cement paste is close to a typical elastic cementitious material and higher P/C ratio resulted in higher damping behaviors. For a certain SBR modified cement paste, Tanδ slightly decreases with the frequency increases and a sharp peak was found at the glass transition temperature. The SEM images indicated that there was a morphological difference in the plain cement paste and SBR modified cement paste.
Self-Assembled Combination of Graphene with Au Nanoparticle-Doped Copper-Hexacyanoferrate Multilayer for Sensitive Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: Zhao Dong Jiao , Yan Fei , Xuan Yao Fang , Dong Xiao Ping , Xi Feng Na
Published: November 2012

Based on self-assembled combination of graphene with Au nanoparticle-doped copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) multilayers, a electrochemical biosensor for sensitive detection of hydrazine has been reported. Graphene was functionalized by wrapping with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). Such polyelectrolyte modified graphene (PDDA-G) was water-soluble and possessed net positive charge. Based on electrostatic self-assembly, graphene multilayers modified electrode (ITO/G-M) was fabricated. After binding with mercaptopropionic acid stabled Au nanoparticles (MPA-AuNPs), three dimensional graphene-AuNPs electrode was obtained. CuHCF multilayers were then formed on AuNPs center by successive self-assembly and solution epitaxy. Due to the synergistic effect of graphene and AuNPs, the developed biosensor (ITO/G-M/CuHCF-M) exhibited fast and sensitive amperometric response for the determination of hydrazine in near physiological pH. The linear response for the determination of hydrazine ranged from 4.0 × 10-7 to 1.3 × 10-4 M with a detection limit of 7.2 × 10-8 M. The biosensor exhibited high reproducibility and stability resulted from simple and reproducible self-assembly methodology.
Effect of Different Metal Composite Layer on Field Emission Properties of Diamond Film
Authors: Zhang Xin Yue , Ma Hua Li , Zhao Yong Mei , Yao Ning , Zeng Fan Guang
Published: November 2012

High density、uniform particles diamond films were synthesized by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MWPCVD) method on Si (100). In order to improve field emission properties of thin films, sputtering the metal Ti、Al、Mo、Ni on the diamond surface respectively，and compared the kinds of diamond/metal composite film of field emission performance. The results show that the field emission properties of diamond / metal Ti composite thin film are better. The possible mechanism will be discussed in this study.
Study on Influence of Mineral Aggregate Gradations and Spatial Distribution on Performance of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Li Tian
Published: November 2012

In order to find out the influence of geometric characteristics, distribution and combination condition of mineral aggregates on mixture properties, the single and multi aggregates were built using finite element method and the mechanical properties of aggregates was discussed. Then comparison analysis was carried out for three representative asphalt mixture structures with different gradations. Finally the optimal gradation curve was obtained. Simulation results are as follows: extreme values or damage of stress was likely to emergence on the interface between mortar and aggregate; the impact on the equivalent stress of aggregate space in vertical direction is greater than in horizontal direction; in comparison with "framework-pore" structure, the "suspend-dense" structure and "framework-dense" structure had better shear resistance behavior and load-carrying capacity. The results shows that the macroscopical carrying capacity of asphalt mixtures was determined by the microcosmical mechanical properties of aggregates, and it was a new mehtod for researching mechanical behavior owing to internal nonuniformity of asphalt mixture in future.
Mechanical Properties of Glass–Fiber Polyester Reinforced Composites Filled with Nanometer Al2O3 Particles
Authors: Alavi Fatemeh , Ashrafi Ali
Published: November 2012

In this research the effects of the nano-particle additions and two different fabric architectures of knitted E-glass fibers on the mechanical properties of polyester fiberglass composites were investigated. The particles selected was 50 nanometer in size Al2O3 particles. E-glass fibers were knitted using two different molds by two different arrangements. Specimens were machined and mechanical tests were conducted as per the accepted test standard. Tension, impact and fracture properties were measured and their associated failure modes were compared with each other. Fracture behavior of specimens with and without nano-particle addition in unidirectional tensile test was studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results obtained showed that tensile strength of the composite is significantly dependent on nano-particle addition and E-glass fiber architecture. Addition of 0.2 weight percent nano-particles enhances the tensile properties of polyester fiberglass composites. It was found that fracture behavior of composite depends strongly on nano-particle addition.
The Defect Modes Property Controlled by Temperature in One Dimensional Photonic Crystal with Liquid Crystal Defect Layer
Authors: Yin Xin Xing , Xie Ying Mao , Wang Hui Zhen , Xiao Rui Lin
Published: November 2012

The 5CB liquid crystal as defects will be introduced to one dimensional photonic crystal, taking advantage of temperature property of liquid crystal refractive index, the transmission spectrum of one dimensional liquid crystal defect photonic crystal defect modes was researched by the transfer matrix method(TMM). The numerical results indicated that when the temperature went up, one dimensional liquid crystal defect photonic crystal defect modes removed towards the long wavelength. When the temperature increased from 273k to 320k, the defect modes wavelength from 5121nm drifted to 5508nm, the wavelength shift was 387nm and the maximum of temperature sensitivity was 10.85nm/K, it was also observed that the temperature sensitivity decreased as the temperature increased.
Reactive Sputtering Deposition of Gd-Doped AIN Thin Film
Authors: Wu Rong , Pan Dong , Jian Ji Kang , Li Jin
Published: November 2012

Gd-doped AlN film was deposited on Si (222) substrate by Radio frequency reactive sputtering. XRD patterns show that the Gd-doped film maintains the hexagonal wurtzite structure with the (002) preferred c-axis orientation. The deposition film possesses similar smooth surface and homogenous grain size. A broad emission band centered at 444nm is observed and the band could be ascribed to the defects. The results show that Gd is a potential dopant for preparing magneto-electrical devices operating at room temperature.
Unipolar Resistive Switching Behavior Study in CuxO Thin Films at Different Annealing Temperatures
Authors: Li Ying , Zhao Gao Yang , Shi Fen
Published: November 2012

We investigated unipolar resistance switching in CuxO thin films. We studied on the resistive switching behavior associated with the annealing temperature of CuxO thin films and focused on HRTEM, XPS and AFM analyses. In this paper we investigated the surface and interface structures of CuxO films. Results show that there is a mount of oxygen content in the CuxO thin films which is contained in Cu (Ⅱ) oxides and Cu (Ⅰ) oxides. When annealing temperature increases the qualification of oxygen vacancies increase and more oxygen vacancies is connected with top and bottom electrode.
Factor Affecting Corrosion Behavior of Weldment of S30400 Stainless Steel in Cold Region
Authors: Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Iwabuchi Yoshitaka , Ishitsuka Kazunori
Published: November 2012

The influence of residual stress and sensitizing on the electrochemical and corrosion behavior of type SUS304 stainless steels weldment has been studied in the Freeze-Thaw condition. After immersion test at Freeze-Thaw cyclic condition the severe corrosion damage was detected in the vicinity of weld boundary more than isothermal condition. The corrosion damaged zone corresponds to the location in which there are high residual stress and sensitization. The influence of residual stress and sensitization was distinguished and its magnitude was evaluated by voltammetry method.
Theoretical Basis and Technology Development of the Combined Process of Asymmetric Rolling and Plastic Bending
Authors: Sverdlik Mikhail , Pesin Alexander , Pustovoytov D.O.
Published: November 2012

The article focuses at technology development of the vertical asymmetric rolling and combined process of vertical asymmetric rolling and plastic bending. It has been shown that vertical asymmetric rolling peculiarity relates to the presence of a mixed zone, in which friction forces on contact roll surfaces are directed are differently. Experimental research showed serious drawbacks in the rolling technology caused by the growth of dynamic loads arising at the moment of plate contact with the bending roller. For solving the problem it was proposed to make the roller position motile to allow its movement along the required trajectory. The application of the motile roller helps to reduce dangerous torque differentiation at working rolls by the value of 1,5-2,5 compared with the rigidly fixed roller. The most effective bending roller trajectory is a second-order curve that is convex parabola.
Durability Analysis of the Reduction Gear for High Speed Train Considering Driving Histories
Authors: Kim Chul Su , Kang Gil Hyun
Published: November 2012

To assure the safety of the power bogies for train, it is important to perform the durability analysis of reduction gear considering a variation of velocity and traction motor capability. In this study, two types of applied load histories were constructed from driving histories considering the tractive effort and the train running curves by using dynamic analysis software (MSC.ADAMS). Moreover, this study was performed by evaluating fatigue damage of the reduction gears for rolling stock using durability analysis software (MSC.FATIGUE). The finite element model for evaluating the carburizing effect on the gear surface was used for predicting the fatigue life of the gears. The results showed that the fatigue life of the reduction gear would decrease with an increasing numbers of stops at station.
Modeling and Matching Technology of Manufacturing Resources Based on Semantic
Authors: Gao Bo , Yan Yan , Zhang Fa Ping
Published: November 2012

To solve manufacturing resources heterogeneous description and matching problems on cloud manufacturing mode，manufacturing resources modeling and matching technology based on semantic was proposed. The modeling method based on manufacturing feature for manufacturing resources by ontology semantic was presented. Manufacturing resources based on manufacturing feature were encapsulated as manufacturing capacity which can be catch with manufacturing feature of product by semantic similarity. Mapping rules were structured between feature of manufacturing capacity and manufacturing feature of products. Manufacturing capacity evaluation of enterprise was achieved. An application prototype with manufacturing resources modeling and matching based on manufacturing feature was developed.
A Study of the Cutting Temperatures in Milling Stainless Steels Using Chamfered Main Cutting Edge Sharp Worn Tools
Authors: Chang Chung Shin
Published: November 2012

The main purpose of this paper is to study the carbide tip's surface temperature and the cutting forces of milling stainless steel with chamfered main cutting sharp worn tools. The carbide tip's mounting in the tool holder are ground to a wear depth that is measured by a toolmaker microscope and a new cutting temperature model incorporating tool wear factor and using the variations of shear and friction plane areas occurring in tool worn situations are presented in this paper. The forces and frictional heat generated on elementary cutting tools are calculated by using the measured cutting forces and the oblique cutting analysis. The carbide tip’s temperature distribution is solved by finite element analysis (FEM) method.