bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creative Opportunities of the Language in Online Communication
Authors: Ivanova Mariya , Klushina Natal'ya
Published: October 2021

The paper reports the findings of the study of the implementation of the creative function of language in Internet communication. This research perspective allows to consistently describe the functioning of language online and to explain the visible and controversially viewed by academics (as innovative or as destructive) processes in the language system, occurring under the influence of the Internet environment. The revision of traditional standards of communication when communicating via Internet occurs, first of all, due to extralinguistic factors (primarily, digital transformation) and, secondly, due to the Internet interlocutors’ (both the speaker and the listener) attitude towards creative use of the language. The new extralinguistic conditions of language (multimedia, non-linear nature, its modules, hypertextuality, etc.) primarily release its creative potential as the novelty is inherently creative and requires the updating of traditional, familiar, and already studied forms of communication.

The influence of the creative function of the language can be traced both at the micro levels of the language system (especially at the phonetic and lexical levels) and at the macro level of the whole text (the emergence of new genres). At the phonetic level, influenced by the creative function, the language of the Internet acquires a special spoken-written character. Moreover, the imitation of orality in Internet communication is aimed not only at achieving maximum similarity of online communication to offline conversation, but also at the language play, emotionalism, updating the graphic code with emoji (for example, the use of emoji as ending punctuation marks, i.e., instead of period, exclamation mark, etc.). At the lexical level, the creative function of the language is evident in the emergence of proper Russian neologisms and borrowings for more accurate, sometimes more succinct denotation of the new reality. At the textual level, the study, e.g., of the model Internet genre of multimedia history, the identification of its special narrative structure and the multimedia nature of presenting the information suggests the creative potential of new genres in the online communication.
Youth Life Models: Shifts and Traditions
Authors: Kostromina Svetlana , Grishina Nataliya , Moskvicheva Natal'ya , Zinov'eva Elena
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the findings of theoretical and empirical studies devoted to the development of the human “life model” construct, introduced to specify the concept of the life scenario and considered as its fragment in a particular area of life. The authors highlight that the life models are of a dynamic nature, being a process of individual self-fulfillment in different areas of life, determined by the individual’s activity in addressing the challenges of life. The study uses: (1) the authors’ questionnaire “Life Models”, empirically tested for three groups: youth, older generation, high school students; (2) automated semantic analysis of Internet resources and content analysis of online accounts of young people and older generation; (3) a set of techniques for personality assessment, including Big Five (T. Costa, R. McCrae), value orientations survey (Schwartz), self-efficacy questionnaire (J. Maddux, M. Scheer).

A series of empirical studies (involving 2,281 respondents aged 19 to 55 from various Russian cities) described the variations of life models in the professional area, close relationships, and the area of self. The study indicates that they are based on traditions that meet the conservative perspective and on the trends of social changes, i.e., increasing demand for flexibility and mobility, increasing opportunities for education, development, and self-fulfillment. The combined effect is evident in the diversity of life models.

Social transformation unevenly affects the life plan of young people, leaving some areas of life to be more conservative (the area of close relationships) and adapting other areas to the spirit of time (the professional area). The older generation serves as the source of preservation of traditions in youth’s building of the life scenario, while peers and the digital space contribute to its transformation. The study confirms the promising nature of the concept of life model as a unit of description of the multidimensional space of life of a modern person.
Discriminatory Attitudes: Characteristics and Factors
Authors: Shamionov Rail'
Published: October 2021

The paper considers the findings of the study of discriminatory attitudes, their characteristics and factors. The author employs empirical data showing the multi-vector nature of discriminatory attitudes, their correlations, and situational tension. The paper reveals a four-component structure of discrimination signs that differ from the ones prevailing in Europe. The structure suggests a special group of signs (on the basis of social status). The author establishes a multilevel determination of discriminatory attitudes by personality traits and social ideology. The paper also includes the conclusion on the promising areas of study of discriminatory attitudes.
Echium amoenum from viewpoint of Avicenna: a brief review
Authors: Jafari Hossein , Mokaberinejad Roshanak , Raeis-Abdollahi Ehsan
Published: October 2021

Echium amoenum, also named Gol-e-gavzaban in Persian, from boraginaceae family is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants, is distributed in the Northern region of Iran, as well as Europe and Mediterranean region. E. amoenum is traditionally used as herbal tea in Iranian traditional medicine for conditions such as common cold, bronchitis, stress and fatigue. It also possesses diaphoretic, diuretic and blood rectifying properties. The dried violetâ€“blue petals of Iranian Borage are used as general tonic, cardiotonic, diaphoretic, diuretic, sedative and anti-tussive according to the Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). In this review article, the uses of E. amoenum as explained by Avicenna book II, Canon of medicine, book of Al-Adviah-Al-ghalbiah, and various databases of the latest scientific studies are discussed and compared. Using the experiences of old scientists in the botanical field and the properties of herbal medicines, as well as adapting new findings to old knowledge, can help us improve our understanding of prevention and treatment.It can also lead to obtain safe and cheap drugs. However, there are many common characteristics about the pharmacological properties of this plant in modern medicine and Iranian traditional medicine, but more research is needed to prove the safety and efficacy of the plant.
Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit and its Potentiality and Superiority in -Health Benefits
Authors: Abdulqader Ali , Ali Faisal , Ismail Amin , Esa Norhaizan
Published: October 2021

The diversity of bioactive compounds underlies the potential use and application of medicinal plants as an excellent source of dietary supplements. Fruits that are found to be rich in multi-phytochemicals are seriously being considered as â€˜superâ€™ fruits due to their unique antioxidants. Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng), is one of those â€˜superâ€™ fruits found to be rich in phytonutrients because all its fractions (i.e. aril, seeds, pulp and peel) have been widely used in folk healing and ancestral medicine. But, the entire potentiality towards the health benefits of Gac fruit is not well known or understood. Importantly, Gac fruit contains significantly higher amounts of lycopene than found in commercial tomatoes and relatively high levels of Î²-carotene. This review aimed to collect and summarise the scientific literature on the nutritional content, biological activities and nutraceutical value of Gac fruit. However, the literature on its biological activity against disease-causing cell damage such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer were found to be limited. The findings from this review indicate that the high bioavailability of phytonutrients found in Gac fruit and its pleasurable flavour, make it an ideal candidate for supplementation.
Protective effect of sildenafil in pulmonary hypertensive child with congenital heart disease
Authors: Khtan Adnan , Hussien Yasmeen Ali
Published: October 2021

Objective Pulmonary hypertension has been described as an elevation in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) >25 mmHg at rest or 30 mmHg during exercise, which can be classified into primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension.Methods In this study, subjects were divided into two groups of patients and controls. The patients were treated with Sildenafil for 3 months, starting with 0.2 mg/kg/dose, six times daily and then the dose was increased with an increment of 0.2 mg/kg/dose every 15 days. Echocardiography examination, including pulmonary artery pressure, tricuspid regurgitation velocity, and pulmonary artery acceleration time, as well as oxygen saturation (SpO2) rate were measured every 15 days.Results The results revealed that a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the pulmonary artery and tricuspid pressure, and a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the rate of blood oxygen saturation and pulmonary artery acceleration time have been found.Conclusion The results of this study reveal that Sildenafil has a great effect in the treatment of the secondary type of pulmonary hypertension and has a negligible effect on primary pulmonary hypertension.
The atheroprotective effects of genistein in hypercholestrolemic male rabbit
Authors: Al Mudhafar Adnan W , Hadi Najah R , Wasfi Rafid M.A , Mohammed Zaid M
Published: October 2021

Objective The occurrence of this disease is related to different risk factors such as cardiovascular issues and elevated levels of plasmacholesterol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and many others.Methods Three groups of domestic male rabbits, six in each group, were studied. Each group constituted a different diet condition wheregroup I had a normal chow diet; group II a 1% cholesterol-diet, group III a 1% cholesterol-diet and Genistein. The level of serum totalcholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum monocytechemo-attractant protein type 1 (MCP-1) and HMG-box1 was monitored by collecting blood samples at the start of the study, 28 and 56 days.Then, the aorta was removed to be examined (histopathology) for atherosclerosis lesion and thickening in the aortic intima-media.Results In comparison to the control group (I), levels of TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholestrol, very LDL cholestrol, hs-CRP, IL-6,MCP-1 and HMG-box1 had increased while serum HDL-C had reduced in the animals that followed a high-fat diet. Histologically, the aorticintimal thickening and atherosclerosis lesions has increased in the induced-untreated animals. The Genistein treated group showed asubstantial decrease of lipid parameters in comparison with the induced-untreated group. Genistein counteracted the changes in hs-CRP,IL-6, MCP-1 and HMG-box1 in compared with the induced-untreated group (P < 0.05). Histomorphometric measurements indicated thatGenistein significantly minimizes the thickness of the aortic intima-media and atherosclerosis lesions in comparison to the animals on ahigh-fat diet.Conclusion The outcomes of this investigation show that Genistein significantly decrease the progression of atherosclerosis inhypercholesterolemic animals via inhibition of inflammatory markers and reduced levels of lipid parameters.
Applying ESPGHAN and WGO Guidelines of Celiac Disease on Iraqi Patients
Authors: Alattabi Alaa S. , Aljerrah Israa H.
Published: October 2021

Objective: The goal of the study is to check the degree to which the physicians and pediatricians can apply ESPGHAN and WGO criteria of celiac disease (CD) on their patients in Karbala city.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Karbala city hospitals (Al-Hussein-medical city hospital, the pediatric teaching hospital) for the period from August 2017 to February 2018. A random selection of one hundred eight CD patients was carried out and the clinical data including the biopsy results were collected directly from patients or their family members via a questionnaire sheets. Statistically, the quantitative variables were analyzed using non-parametric t-test and the qualitative variables were analyzed using Chi-square test.
Results: The study shows that of the total 108 patients, only n=43 (39.8%) of candidates who did biopsy even with tTG IgA>10 fold ULN (200 RU/ml and more) due to the shortage in EMA/HLA tests recommended by ASPGHAN to omit duodenal biopsy., while n=51 (47.2%) accomplished only one of the triple tests (only tTG IgA>10 fold ULN) suggested by ASPGHAN and then applied challenge test and n=14 (12.9) achieved non of the triple tests (tTG IgA antibody titer>5 fold ULN, but <10 fold ULN). On the other hand, the WGO guideline is more suitable if properly applied as it considers tTG (IgA) a convenient substituent of EMA test where high tTG (IgA) serum level being diagnostic and to be confirmed by the available DGP (IgA and IgG) antibodies.
Conclusion: The WGO guideline for symptomatic and asymptomatic patients is more applicable for the areas with limited facilities, while ESPGHAN guideline for pediatrics can be applied to a less degree. Generally in Iraq there is a delay in disease diagnosis due to many reasons to be evaluated.
Epidemiological profile of type 1 diabetes among primary school children in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Zalzala Sarah Haider , Al-Lami Faris H. , Fahad Khalid Saeed
Published: October 2021

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in primary school children in Baghdad City, and to evaluate its effect on growth of those children.
Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of primary schools in Baghdad city selected by multistage cluster sampling. All primary school students in the selected schools were included. For every diabetic child, we selected a child from the same class who is free from diabetes. Information on disease variables were obtained through sending questionnaire to the childrenâ€™s parents. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts were used.
Results: The total number of primary school students in the selected 141 schools was 69,115; 110 of them had T1DM (159/100,000). Female to male ratio was 1.3:1. Obesity and underweight were significantly lower in diabetics than non-diabetic children (P=0.03).
Conclusion: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus was 159 per 100,000, which was approximate to the prevalence in Saudi Arabia, less than that in Al-Kuwait, but higher than that in Turkey. Percentage of underweight and obesity were lower in the diabetics while overweight percentage was slightly higher compared to the non-diabetics.
Cystatin-C in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Correlation with ventricular dysfunction, and affected coronary vessels
Authors: Abed Dhulfiqar Ali , Jasim Raad , Al-Hindy Hayder Abdul-Amir , Obaid Ammar Waheeb
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study designed to inspect the circulating levels of Cy/C in patients with ACS and to evaluate the association of Cy/C levels with ejection fraction and angiographic number of stenosed coronaries.
Methods: 136 participants with ACS were enrolled in this case-control survey and compared with 94 control. Hematological assessments were done for all the participants and included Cy/C, creatinine and uric acid were measured using conventional technique. Creatinine clearance rate was calculated and Estimated glomerular-filtration-rate (eGFR) were measured. Echocardiographic assessment of ejection fraction was done with a cut-off-point <40 LVEF% designated for LV systolic dysfunction. Angiographic evaluation involved in this study depending on the severity of stenosed coronaries by calculating number of arteries display not less than 1 critical stenosis (designed as >70% decrease in caliber).
Results: Ejection fraction was significantly lower in in ACS patients than control group (p<0.05). Serum Cy/C was significantly higher in patients' group. The mean plasma uric acids values were significantly higher in patients' group (p-0.001) but with no significant differences in creatinine and creatinine clearance (p>0.05) observed between groups. The eGFR were significantly lower in ACS people compared to healthy persons. Correlation studies of Cy/C showed positive correlation with serum creatinine and serum uric acid; as well as non-significant negative correlation with eGFR (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Besides the role of Cy/C in early detection of renal dysfunction, it could have a role in diagnosis of ACS and evaluation of LV systolic dysfunction. Nevertheless, this study showed Cy/C was not related to the number of coronary arteries affected.
Regulação e uso do reconhecimento facial na segurança pública do Brasil
Authors: De Aguiar Araújo Romulo , Deperon Cardoso Naiara , Marcélia de Paula Amanda
Published: October 2021

Com o avanço no desenvolvimento das tecnologias biométricas, o reconhecimento facial vem sendo utilizado em ampla escala na segurança pública e persecução penal no Brasil. O presente trabalho almeja analisar os impactos da expansão de tecnologias dessa natureza em uma sociedade permeada pelo racismo estrutural, diante da incerteza quanto à acuracidade dos novos instrumentos de monitoração e vigilância públicos. Assim, analisa, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de casos noticiados, o enviesamento dos algoritmos e o reflexo de sua utilização em um cenário de proteção de dados pessoais. Por fim, conclui que a ausência de legislação específica no âmbito federal que resguarde os dados tratados pela segurança pública, aliada à utilização de algoritmos submetidos a erros, potencializa o desrespeitoà igualdade e coloca em risco garantias e direitos fundamentais constitucionalmente previstos.
Os delitos por acumulação no direito criminal ambiental e a banalização da persecução penal
Authors: Coelho Dias Yuri , Do Lago Nogueira Cavalcante Reis Iuri , De Oliveira Passos Correia Thaynná
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do artigo é perquirir se os chamados delitos por acumulação são compatíveis com o Direito Penal. A problemática se dá levando em conta que o bem jurídico ‘meio ambiente’ deve e pode ser protegido por normas penais, contudo a perspectiva punitiva da sociedade, demandante de respostas céleres e efetivas por meio do Direito Penal, nem sempre é a resposta constitucionalmente adequada. A metodologia do artigo consiste em revisão bibliográfica, notadamente no confronto entre a definição jurídica dos delitos por acumulação e as proposições advindas dos princípios que legitimam a utilização do Direito Penal em um Estado Democrático de Direito, dentre os quais sobreleva-se a culpabilidade, proporcionalidade e a lesividade – ou ofensividade. Desta forma, conclui-se pela incompatibilidade detal tipo de delito com o Direito Penal, de modo que evidencia-se a competência, habilidade e suficiência da alçada administrativa para desintrincar a problemática dos interditos por acumulação.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Ethanol Extract of Figs Leaves (Ficus carica L.) with SGOT & SGPT Parameters in Sprague Dawley Female Rats Induced by Paracetamol
Authors: Kurniawan Muhammad Fariez , Wardany Herdita Nugraheny Kusuma
Published: October 2021

Background: Long-term usage of paracetamol damages liver cells characterized by the increasing levels of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT). Figs (Ficus carica L.) leaves contain high flavonoid compounds that able to act as hepatoprotector agents which inhibited the process of liver damage. Objectives: This study aims to determine the dose characteristics and hepatoprotective activity of figs (Ficus carica L.) leaves extract. Material and Methods: The hepatoprotective activity of figs extract (Ficus carica L.) was determined by measuring SGPT & SGOT levels in rat blood. 42 rats were prepared, divided into 7 groups: normal control group, negative control given paracetamol with a dose 40 mg/200 g BW, positive control given hepamax®, base control given Na CMC, and 3 test dose groups given figs leaves extract with a dose of 40 mg/200 g BW, 80 mg BW/200 g BW and 160 mg/200 g BW. The treatment was carried out for 14 consecutive days. Paracetamol was given for 14 days, while positive control, 3 test dose groups and base control were given on day 7 to day 14.  Rats blood samples were taken through the orbital sinuses on day 1, day 5, day 10 and day 14 after treatment began. SGPT & SGOT levels were determined using spectrophotometry with analytical methods using specific SGPT & SGOT reagent kits.  Results: The results showed that the leaves extract of figs (Ficus carica L.) proved to be able to reduce the levels of SGPT & SGOT with the most potent dosage was 40 mg/200 g BW. However, the reduction of SGPT & SGOT levels were not significantly different from other treatments. Conclusions: Figs (Ficus carica L.) leaves extract showed activity as a hepatoprotective agent, based on the reduction of SGPT & SGOT levels in rat after 14 days of treatment.
Control of Aspergillus flavus in wheat grains using Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil
Authors: Lee Lundoi Tobias , Martinazzo Ana Paula , Garcia Sabrinna Aires , Berbet Pedro Amorim , Teodoro Carlos Eduardo De Souza
Published: October 2021

Fungi are one of the main food spoilage agents. Numerous species when subjected to stress conditions produce secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins, which are mutagenic and carcinogenic substances. The fungus Aspergillus flavus is one of the main contaminants of grains and is known to produce Aflatoxin. Pesticides are used in agriculture to contain fungi and other pests, but they harm other species, the environment and the human health, in addition to the development of resistance to these substances in pest species. Natural alternatives have been sought to control these organisms. In this context, essential oils are a viable option against A. flavus. The aim of this study was to identify the main components and evaluate the effectiveness of lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon flexuosus) for controlling the fungus Aspergillus flavus. Initially, the effect of essential oil on mycelial growth of the fungus was assessed by in vitro tests at the doses: 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.6; 3.2; 6.4; and 12.8 μL mL-1. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.8 μL mL-1. The in vivo test was performed at the following concentrations: 0.6; 0.8; and 1.6 μL mL-1. The results showed that the essential oil has fungicidal potential against A. flavus. The main component of the essential oil was citral.
Micronutrientes metálicos nos moluscos bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae e Mytella guyanensis
Authors: Maciel dos Santos Glaucia Batista , Boehs Guisla
Published: October 2021

Os micronutrientes, micro ou oligoelementos, incluem vitaminas e alguns metais, sendo que uma parcela significativa da população mundial apresenta deficiência nutricional desses elementos. Este estudo avaliou os teores de micronutrientes metálicos em Crassostrea rhizophorae (ostra) e Mytella guyanensis (sururu) coletados no sul da Bahia, Brasil, num trecho de 280 km de extensão. Os teores dos metais (Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn) da parte edível das espécies foram avaliados em espectrometria de emissão óptica de plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES). As concentrações médias encontradas para C. rhizophorae e M. guyanensis, respectivamente, foram: Cu (2,09 ± 0,90 e 2,31 ± 0,63); Fe (32,03 ± 4,18 e 213,36 ± 51,67); Mn (1,75 ± 0,44 e 13,61 ± 2,83) e Zn (129,54 ± 25,88 e 12,13 ± 1,13), em mg kg-1. Ambos os bivalves foram relevantes na concentração dos micronutrientes investigados, com destaque para os valores elevados de Zn em C. rhizophorae e de Fe em M. guyanensis.
Palavras-chave: Cobre, elementos essenciais, ferro, manganês, zinco.
Ecologia Urbana: histórico, definições e abordagens interdisciplinares
Authors: Dos Santos Oliveira José Lucas , Santos Joel Silva
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar um resgate histórico do surgimento, definições, e abordagens da Ecologia Urbana. Para a realização da pesquisa, utilizou-se principalmente artigos publicados em periódicos acadêmicos nacionais e internacionais. A Ecologia Urbana foi criada em 1920 pela Escola de Chicago, emergindo da necessidade de se compreender as dinâmicas de funcionamento das cidades, abordando alterações antrópicas em áreas urbanas e sua interação com os ecossistemas naturais e o ambiente construído. As pesquisas em Ecologia Urbana podem ser estritamente biológicas (Ecologia na Cidade), ou possuir enfoque interdisciplinar com a interação das ciências naturais e sociais (Ecologia da Cidade). A abordagem interdisciplinar da Ecologia Urbana é imprescindível para a promoção da sustentabilidade ecológica e socioeconômica em áreas urbanas, servindo de base para o estabelecimento de estratégias e Políticas Públicas de planejamento e gestão sustentável das cidades.
Evaluation of volatile constituents, exudation of resin and occurrence of galls of Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand
Authors: Lima (in memorian) Thiago Augusto Araujo Correia , Cunha Leonardo Pinto , Ribeiro José Eduardo Lahoz da Silva , Marques Marcia Ortiz Mayo , Lima Maria da Paz
Published: October 2021

Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand [sin Icica aracouchini Aubl.], which occurs in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, in the Brazilian Amazon, was evaluated for the presence of galls, for resin exudation and the composition of the essential oils from the aerial parts and the resin. The experiment to stimulate the exudation of resin from the trunk was conducted using a 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid solution. The resin produced after 40 days and the aerial parts had their essential oils extracted in a Clevenger apparatus and the volatile chemical constituents were analyzed using GC/MS. The non-oxygenated sesquiterpenes α-copaene (21.15%) and α-gurjunene (13.69%), in addition to the oxygenated sesquiterpene spathulenol (10.32%), were detected as the majority constituents of the essential oil of the leaves, and a concentration similar to that of α-gurjunene was found in the branches (13.28%). The resin essential oil showed a high concentration of hydrocarbon monoterpenes (76.49%) with a predominance of α-pinene (17.57%) and limonene (46.11%). Four gall morphotypes were found associated with this species. The present study reports for the first time information on the volatile constituents and the resinous potential of P. aracouchini, and registers the morphotypes of the galls that help in the taxonomy of the species.
Evaluation of the lymphoproliferation of mononuclear cells in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients treated with Libidibia ferrea
Authors: Da Silva Erika Oliveira , Borges Paula Figliuolo da Cruz , Santana Rafaela Benício , Moura Heriederson Sávio Dias , Barcellos José Fernando Marques , Jensen Bruno Bezerra , Pinheiro Francimeire Gomes , Naiff Maricleide Farias , Espir Thaís Tibery , Franco Antonia Maria Ramos
Published: October 2021

American integumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) is a neglected disease that mostly affects vulnerable populations. Its broad spectrum of clinical manifestations is related to the type of immune response produced by the host and the species of Leishmania involved. In recent years, the use of medicinal plants has become a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of infectious parasitic diseases. This research aimed to evaluate the lymphoproliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) before and after treatment, and healthy individuals. The lymphoproliferative response was evaluated in cell culture using stimuli of the dichloromethane fraction (DCM) obtained from Libidibia ferrea, Glucantime® and phytohemagglutinin - PHA using a BrdU Cell Proliferation after 72 h of incubation. In cultures treated with the DCM fraction, intense induction of lymphoproliferation was observed (p<0.0001), as was also observed in response to the PHA mitogen, and there was a significant difference when compared with the conventional treatment (p<0.0135). In the post-treatment and healthy groups, although the compound induced lymphoproliferation, there was no statistical difference. These results suggest that the organic compound played an important inducing role in lymphoproliferation, which highlights the importance of continuity involving new studies in order to evaluate its immunomodulatory activity.
Diagnóstico de áreas degradadas de manglar y propuestas de restauración ecológica en el estado de Guerrero, México
Authors: Castillo-Elías Benjamín , Gervacio-Jiménez Herlinda , Vences-Martínez José Angel
Published: October 2021

El incremento de las actividades humanas ha cambiado la hidrología de sistemas estuarinos y lagunares de zonas costeras, lo que ha generado la degradación de bosques de manglar. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar y documentar la degradación de un área de manglar con daños estructurales, para lo cual se diseñó una propuesta técnica metodológica para determinar los factores causantes de la degradación, incluyendo acciones de restauración ecológica por implementar en la zona afectada en el estero de Tila, municipio de Marquelia, Guerrero, México. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa mediante la técnica de observación participante en la zona de manglar afectada y la toma de fotografías como técnica para recolección de evidencias cualitativas, así como entrevistas a representantes clave que intervinieron en el proceso de identificación de la problemática, planteando la propuesta técnica de restauración de la zona afectada. Se identificaron las especies Rhizophora mangle, Laguncularia racemosa y Conocarpus erectus afectadas en un área de 15 hectáreas de manglar. Se recomendó a la Comisión Nacional Forestal desarrollar acciones para la identificación de la causa de mortandad del manglar y aplicar técnicas de restauración. Se concluye que las recomendaciones y la propuesta metodológica para identificar la mortalidad de los manglares fueron parcialmente abordadas, pues existió escaso monitoreo en el proceso de restauración en el sitio y, en consecuencia, poca efectividad en el proceso de técnicas de ingeniería ecológica.
Actualización de contenidos en el campo disciplinar de matemáticas del componente propedéutico del bachillerato tecnológico: el caso de las funciones especiales
Authors: Sandoval-Hernández Mario. A. , Hernández-Méndez Sergio , Torreblanca-Bouchan Salvador E. , Díaz-Arango Gerardo U.
Published: October 2021

El estudio de las funciones en el bachillerato en México se ha limitado únicamente a las elementales ignorando a las funciones hiperbólicas y especiales. Estas últimas, por lo general, se encuentran en términos de integrales, y para evaluarlas deben utilizarse algoritmos numéricos que se hallan fuera del alcance de los estudiantes de este nivel educativo. Por tanto, en este artículo se propone actualizar los contenidos en la asignatura propedéutica Matemáticas Aplicadas del campo disciplinar de matemáticas del bachillerato tecnológico en la que se agrega la función Lambert W al estudio de las funciones trascendentes. Además, se considera adicionar el estudio de las funciones hiperbólicas y especiales a través de aproximaciones matemáticas que se encuentran en términos de funciones elementales, lo que facilitará su implementación en software educativo como GeoGebra. Asimismo, se ofrecen cuatro ejemplos en donde se aplican las aproximaciones de las funciones que se consideran en la propuesta curricular, las cuales pueden servir de guía para mostrar aplicaciones relacionadas con la tecnología y el cotidiano de los alumnos.
Manutenção do perfil gengival com cicatrizador personalizado em implante imediato – relato de caso
Authors: Junior Joao Moretti , Moretti Cristiane de Oliveira Iamada , Crocco Diego henrique Rossafa , Souza Gislaine Cristina dos Santos Silva , Porto Marina Magri
Published: October 2021

This article aimed to present a clinical case whose cicatrizador was made through the multifunctional component of PEEK. This is a biocompatible polymer that is customizable and has good adhesion to resins. The case described is an immediate implant in the region of 15, installed with a palatal approach and filling the vestibular gap with an alloplastic graft (Nanosynt). The case was followed until the final prosthesis was made, in which the maintenance of the architecture of the peri-implant tissues was checked for health and aesthetics.
The relationships between obstructive sleep apnea and psychiatric disorders: a narrative review
Authors: Karakuła Kaja Hanna , Ryczkowski Aleksander , Sitarz Elżbieta , Januszewski Jacek , Juchnowicz Dariusz
Published: October 2021

Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder. Its prevalence tends to increase worldwide. Untreated sleep apnea is associated with a higher risk of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, road accidents, and death, but also it is suggested that it increases the risk of mental disorders.

Method:The literature review was based on a search of articles on Medline, Pubmed, and Google Scholar from 2003 to 2021 using the keywords: obstructive sleep apnea; mental disorders; cognitive functions; affective disorders; depression; bipolar disorder; schizophrenia; psychotic disorders. The analysis included original studies, meta-analysis, and review articles.

Discussion:The result obtained from researches published so far does not allow for drawing unequivocal conclusions. There is a lot of bias present in study protocols and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Nonetheless, it seems that some disorders have a better proven correlation with OSA. Cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety disorders are linked to OSA not only in terms of the overlapping of symptoms but also of a causal relationship. Psychotic disorders and bipolar disorders connections with OSA are confirmed, but they are not yet well understood. All correlations are found to be possibly bidirectional.

Conclusion:1. Multiple lines of evidence increasingly point towards a bidirectional connection between OSA and mental disorders, and the cause and effect relationship between these two groups of disorders requires further research.

2. Due to reports of an increased risk of OSA with antipsychotic drugs, caution should be exercised when initiating therapy with this type of drug in patients with known risk factors for it.

3. Screening for OSA in psychiatric patients should be introduced as OSA can increase cognitive impairment, affective, and psychotic symptoms.
Current practice of physical therapists in outpatient stroke rehabilitation: a cross-sectional survey in Baden-Württemberg and Thuringia / Arbeitsweise von Physiotherapeut*innen in der ambulanten Schlaganfallrehabilitation: eine Querschnittsumfrage in Baden-Württemberg und Thüringen
Authors: Diermayr Gudrun , Schomberg Maria , Barthelmes Lisa-Sophia , Greisberger Andrea , Elsner Bernhard , Salbach Nancy Margaret
Published: October 2021

Objective

Guidelines recommend task-oriented training and the use of standardized assessments to improve stroke-related mobility deficits. However, the German outpatient physical therapy prescription catalogue does not include these recommendations resulting in a possible gap between guideline recommendations and clinical practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe physical therapy practice patterns of stroke-related mobility deficits in the outpatient setting exemplified by the states Baden-Württemberg and Thuringia.

Methods

Using an online survey, physical therapists treating people with stroke in outpatient settings in Baden-Württemberg and Thuringia were recruited. The questionnaire was developed using a multi-step procedure. Using a case vignette and open-ended questions, preferred evaluation and treatment methods were assessed. Data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics.

Results

Data from 63 physical therapists were included in the analysis. Answers to the open questions showed a wide range of different citations. Of 186 citations on evaluation methods, 28 (15,1 %) were classified as “standardized assessments”, while 158 citations (84,9 %) were classified as “basic physical therapy evaluation (non-standardized)”. Standardized assessments were cited by 25% of participants. Of 182 citations on treatment methods, 69 (35,2%) were classified as “traditional therapies”. These traditional therapies were cited by 81 % of participants. Task-oriented training was not cited.

Discussion

Despite the small sample size our data confirm the insufficient guideline use in German physical therapy and contribute results on practice patterns in outpatient stroke settings. These results will be used to initiate theory-based implementation strategies aiming to optimize physical therapy for people with stroke.
Arte na urgência: o caso do MASP (2015-19)
Authors: Moritz Schwarcz Lilia
Published: October 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é explorar o tradicional debate entre arte e política, a partir do caso do Masp e em especial de uma exposição: Histórias da sexualidade (2017)
Anterior prompt for debridement and myoplasty femoral neck and head osteomyelitis
Authors: Bensman V. M. , Savchenko Yu. P. , Malyshko V. V.
Published: October 2021

The known anterior prompts to the femoral neck are non-traumatic, but they exclude the possibility of myoplasty and are not large enough for intra-articular sequestrectomy.

Objective. The aim of the study was to develop an anterior prompt to the hip joint for sequestrectomy with myoplasty.

Materials and research methods. For surgery neck and head of the hip osteomyelitis we perform a semi-oval incision in the projection of the femoral head, from the anterior spines of the ilium we cut off the tendons of the sartorius and rectus head of the quadriceps femoris muscles. An operating field is formed, which allows sequestrectomy to be performed. Plasty of the osteomyelitis cavity is performed with the proximal parts of the two anterior ileofemoral muscles. The operating field, if necessary, can be increased by temporary transection of the lumbar-iliac muscle tendon.

Research results. The key to the anterior surgical prompt to the hip joint is the sartorius and rectus head of the quadriceps. The length of the surgical wound reaches 17–22 cm, and the width is 16–18 cm. With the mobilized proximal part of the sartorius muscle, we fill the entire bone cavity in the neck and head of the femur. Of the 12 operated patients, 11 (91.7 ± 7.6 %) had a stable long-term remission.

Conclusion. The proposed approach is less traumatic and allows you to operate at an angle of about 90°. It complements the advantages of the known anterior prompts and is devoid of their disadvantages.
The experience of successful treatment of a patient with extensive and deep laceration-bite wounds of the trunk and limbs caused by a dog
Authors: Popov A. N. , Yachevskaya S. A.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the experience of successful complex treatment of a 36-year-old female patient who works as a dog handler and received multiple lacerations and bite wounds of the trunk and extremities. Active staged surgical tactics in combination with the use of modern dressings and negative pressure wound therapy have allowed to achieve satisfactory cosmetic and functional results.
Post release of the Symposium on Advanced Wound Care “SAWC 2021 Virtual” (May 10–14, 2021, USA)
Authors: Paskhalova Yu. S.
Published: October 2021

This article presents the chronology of the Symposium on Advanced Wound Care “SAWC 2021 Virtual” that took place May 10–14, 2021. SAWC is an annual event that has been held for more than 30 years and brings together various specialists in the field of wound care: dermatologists, plastic surgeons, orthopedists, nurses, nutritionists, sports medicine doctors, physiotherapists, research doctors. The scientific program of the symposium included 150 reports devoted to both the results of scientific and experimental research and advanced applied medical technologies aimed at improving the results of chronic wounds by various etiology and localization treatment.
Atuação dos enfermeiros no cuidado de pessoas com transtornos mentais na Estratégia de Saúde da Família
Authors: Paiva Sônia Maria Alves de , Silva Júlia Carolina de Mattos Cerioni , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de , Cardoso Marilia Mastrocolla de Almeida
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a atuação do enfermeiro direcionada às pessoas com transtornos mentais na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e exploratório, desenvolvida nas ESF situadas em um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista guiada por um questionário semiestruturado. Resultados: participaram deste estudo 19 enfermeiros. A maioria com especialização, 17 em ESF, 11 atuante de 1 a 2 anos e 10 nos serviços atuais. Das narrativas obtidas com as entrevistas emergiram três categorias temáticas: Possibilidades de atendimentos em saúde mental na ESF, Capacitação dos enfermeiros para o atendimento das pessoas com transtornos mentais, Dificuldades no atendimento em saúde mental na ESF. Conclusão: Os discursos mostraram falta de habilidades dos enfermeiros para lidar com a complexidade que envolve as pessoas com transtornos mentais na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Os aspectos envolvidos nessa dificuldade dizem respeito à formação acadêmica, que não ofereceu subsídios suficientes para uma atuação efetiva, ausência de capacitações sobre a temáticas de saúde mental e desarticulação da ESF com os Serviços de Saúde Mental e com o Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família (NASF).
Solar Energy System for Brunei Residence
Authors: Ali Mohammad Yeakub , Rahim Ahmad Syahmi , Ya'akub Seri Rahayu
Published: October 2021

Brunei Darussalam is a country that receives high amounts of solar irradiation annually as it is located near the equator. With the abundance of oil & natural gas resources, the country has one of the cheapest electricity costs in the world. This would in turn make solar power underutilized. The purpose of this project is to design a solar system for Bruneiâ€™s medium sized residence to meet the daily energy demands. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the solar photovoltaic system for determining the optimum sized parts and components. The design process was divided into detailed sections so that the values are calculated using PVSyst simulation software. The simulation also predicted the specific energy production, performance evaluation, and the losses. Cost analysis was also conducted to find the efficiency and the feasibility of the system. The designed solar energy system has a capacity of 60 kWp, producing 75 MWh of usable energy annually. This system uses 66% of the energy available from the sun to generate electricity which covers the electrical demand of Bruneiâ€™s residences.
Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Various Quenchants on Hardened High Carbon Steels during Lathe Machining
Authors: Ogedengbe Temitayo Samson , Sulaiman Abdulkareem , Olanrewaju Peter Ogunware
Published: October 2021

The choice of quenchants during heat treatment of carbon steels can influence the properties of the steel sample. A knowledge of the effect of various quenchants on steel can therefore not be over emphasized. This paper presents results from the experimental investigation on the effects of using brine, water and palm-oil as quenchants during hardening of high carbon steels. Three samples of AISI 1090 high carbon steel (0.95%wt, Carbon) were furnace-heated at a temperature of 900oC in a crucible furnace and quenched using brine, water and oil to harden the steel samples. The hardened steel was machined using a pre-developed design of experiment (DOE). Process parameters during machining were Speed (50-150 rpm), Feed rate (0.3-0.9 mm/min), Depth of Cut (0.1-0.3mm) and Quenchant (water, brine and palm-oil). The responses analysed were surface roughness and tool wear rate. Results show that palm-oil with a lowest surface roughness and hardness (0.09Î¼m and 150HB, respectively) and highest material removal rate (0.5124mm3/sec) was a preferred quenchant as it reduced surface roughness and increased material removal rate (MRR). Hence, Palm oil has proven to be a preferred quenchant during heat treatment of AISI 1090 steel for improved machinability and surface finish.
Design and Implementation of the Ulul Albab Teacher Training Program at Imtiaz Schools in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Fakhruddin Fathiyah , Salim Siti Suria , Hassan Siti Aishah , Suhid Asmawati , Othman Shamsudin
Published: October 2021

Ulul Albab education is an education that offers in selected secondary schools in Malaysia. In the context of the teachers at the Ulul Albab schools, the in-service program is essential as the existing pre-service programs do not directly focus on the concept of Ulul Albab education. This qualitative study aims to examine the design and implementation of the Ulul Albab teacher training program at Imtiaz secondary schools. This qualitative study employed the case study method by interviewing six participants using a purposive sampling technique consisting of Ulul Albab program coordinators, Imtiaz secondary school principal, and four teachers at Imtiaz secondary schools who performed Ulul Albab programs. The findings showed that there are several designs of teacher training programs such as Quranic culture, explanation of school mission, benchmarking visits to excellent schools, and the emphasis on holistic education concept. The findings of the study also indicate that the implementation of teacher training programs should be carried out periodically, and consistently by the school and relevant departments. This study has important implications for professional development programs for Ulul Albab teachers during their services, especially on the aspects that have been highlighted in the study findings.
Early Childhood Sex Education Media as a Preventive Step for Sexual Violence
Authors: Dahlia Dahlia , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Qibtiyah Alimatul
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to overcome problems related to the lack of integrated sex education media in integrated thematic learning so that it can make it easier for teachers to deliver sex education materials to early childhood. This research is a type of research and development. This study employed the Borg and Gall development model which consists of two main objectives, namely developing products and validating the resulting products. The population in this study was Jogja Green School and Aisyiyah Pembina Piyungan Kindergarten. The research sample chosen in Jogja Green School was 13 children and in Aisyiyah Pembina Piyungan Kindergarten as many as 30 children. The questionnaire as an instrument was used to validate and evaluate the quality of the developed product. The data analysis technique applied was descriptive qualitative analysis and descriptive statistics. The results of the study showed that: (1) The results of the validation of material experts, media experts, and education practitioners on the products developed were feasible to use, (2) The results of the limited trial showed that the product developed was suitable for use, (3) The results of the trial were more widely known that the product developed was suitable to use and was effective in increasing knowledge of early childhood sex education.