bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential role of mitochondrial dysfunction in arrhythmogenesis in coronary artery disease
Authors: Korepanov V. A. , Rebrova T. Y. , Atabekov T. A. , Afanasiev S. A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Coronary artery disease (CAD) continues to be the most common pathology in the structure of cardiovascular diseases over the past decades, both in Russia and around the world. In the normal condition, the mitochondria of all body cells have the same function capabilities due to the carriage of the same genome. Therefore, it is possible to assess the respiration activity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria by the respiration of mitochondria from peripheral blood leukocytes.

Aim: To compare respiratory activity of mitochondria of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and coronary artery disease with developed cardiac rhythm disorders (CRD).

Material and methods. The studied groups included 45 patients with CAD without CRD and 39 patients with CAD complicated by CRD. Mitochondria were isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes by differential centrifugation. The rate of oxygen loss in pyruvate-malate and succinate incubation buffers was measured when isolated mitochondria were introduced, as well as when palmitic acid was added to the medium. Oxygen consumption rate for the V3 (active phosphorylating) and V4 (nonphosphorylating) metabolic sates was determined, and on their basis respiratory control coefficient was calculating using the formula V3/V4. Statistical data processing was carried out using STATISTICA 13.0 software.

Results. Oxygen consumption rate in mitochondria of patients with uncomplicated CAD and CAD with CRD had no significant differences in either pyruvate-malate or succinate buffers. When palmitic acid was added to the incubation medium, the mitochondria of CAD patients without CRD significantly increased oxygen consumption rate in both incubation media. Mitochondria of CAD patients with CRD did not change oxygen consumption rate in both metabolic states after the addition of palmitic acid in incubation media.

Conclusion. On the basis of the data obtained, it can be concluded that the function capabilities of mitochondria in the complicated course of CAD has been exhausted, which manifests itself in the inability to increase ATP synthesis in response to the introduction of additional substrates.
The role of laboratory markers in predicting the effectiveness of catheter treatment for atrial fibrillation: a literature review
Authors: Abdullaeva A. A. , Aripova N. R. , Zlobina P. D. , Kharlap M. S. , Davtyan K. V.
Published: January 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia among the adult population. There are many possible causes of AF: structural heart disease, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, obesity, alcohol abuse, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea and old age. The ectopic activity of pulmonary vein couplings lies in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal and persistent forms of AF. The role of AF itself in triggering the inflammatory process in the atrium myocardium has also been proven. Despite the large amount of existing data, the search for the causes of AF continues. Previously, AF was considered the outcome of prolonged hemodynamic stress, arterial hypertension and valvular heart disease. Recently, views on the pathogenesis of AF have changed, since patients with metabolic diseases, without hypertrophy and dilatation of the left ventricle, but with disturbances in the structure and function of the atria, most often the left atrium, are increasingly encountered. There is an active search for laboratory markers to identify groups of patients most susceptible to developing AF. Determining the cause of atrial fibrillation and pathogenesis in each patient is important for selecting therapy and determining treatment tactics. Currently, a search is underway for laboratory markers that may be associated with the manifestation of atrial fibrillation, with atriopathy, and the effectiveness/ineffectiveness of catheter treatment for atrial fibrillation. An analysis of clinical studies was carried out based on articles indexed in the Scopus, VAK, Russian Science Citation Index, PubMed, and Web of Science databases.
Effect of intestinal microbiota on myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Borshchev Yu. Yu. , Sonin D. L. , Minasyan S. M. , Borshcheva O. V. , Burovenko I. Yu. , Galagudza M. M.
Published: January 2024

The last 10–15 years have been marked by a rapid increase in the volume of knowledge about the role of the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of various physiological processes. In particular, the interrelations between disturbances in the composition of the intestinal microflora and an increase in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases were noted. There are also emerging works that demonstrate the possibility of reducing the severity of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury as a result of various effects on the composition of intestinal microbiota. This review analyzes the recent literature on the influence of intestinal microbiota on myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury. It has been shown that modulation of the intestinal microbiome by changing the nature of nutrition, probiotics, antibiotics, and intestinal microflora transplantation leads to a reduction in the size of myocardial infarction. Normalization of increased permeability of intestinal epithelial barrier with reduction of manifestations of systemic inflammation, changes in the level of secretion of some hormones, increased production of short-chain fatty acids and modulation of bile acid metabolism under the action of intestinal bacterial enzymes are considered as possible mechanisms of cardioprotection mediated by changes in the functional state of microbiota. The concept of increasing myocardial resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating the composition of the intestinal microbiota is a completely new scientific direction that requires detailed study in experiment with the possibility of rapid implementation of the results obtained in clinical practice.
Effectiveness of atrial fibrillation ablation in the presence of chronic myocarditis
Authors: Archakov E. A. , Batalov R. E. , Usenkov S. U. , Stepanov I. V. , Afanasiev S. A. , Popov S. V.
Published: January 2024

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of interventional treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with chronic myocarditis identified by endomyocardial biopsy and in patients without myocarditis.

Material and Methods. The study sample included 40 patients. Of these, 27 (67.5%) are men. The age in the sample was 49 (44; 55) years. The study included 25 (62.5%) patients with paroxysmal AF, 10 (25.0%) with persistent and 5 (12.5%) with long-term persistent. All patients underwent surgical treatment of AF using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or cryoablation (CA). Endomyocardial biopsy was performed in 18 patients to verify the diagnosis. The follow-up period for patients was 12 months.

Results. All patients underwent surgical treatment of AF, in 7 cases (17.5%) CA of the left ventricle (LV) was performed; in 33 (82.5%) cases RFA was performed. According to the biopsy results, signs of myocarditis were detected in 9 patients (22.5%). Focal myocarditis was found in 7 patients, diffuse – in 2. The effectiveness of catheter treatment in general was 72.5%, for CA – 71.5%, for RFA 73.5%. The effectiveness of AF ablation with the presence of detected myocarditis was 88.9%, without myocarditis – 67.5%.

Conclusions. The effectiveness of catheter treatment of AF in patients with signs of myocarditis was 88.9% and was higher than in patients without signs of myocarditis.
МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ТА НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ ТУРИЗМ В ПЕРІОД СВІТОВОЇ РЕЦЕСІЇ ТА РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ПОВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Науменко Наталія , Рожко Ольга
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on the functioning of the global and national tourism industry after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic and during the first two years of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The relevance of the work is enhanced by the fact that the tourism industry is the first to suffer in times of political and financial crises. But despite this, it is the most profitable in a period of stable functioning of state institutions that ensure overall economic growth. The paper analyzes the importance of stable functioning of the hospitality sector in wartime, further development of the hotel and restaurant business, search for ways to maximize profits, and rethinking the existing foreign experience of countries in the territory of which military operations took place, which had a devastating effect on the tourism sector.
The development of domestic tourism requires the introduction of innovative approaches (development of new hiking routes, stabilization of mental health of military personnel undergoing rehabilitation, integration of IDPs into social and public life of large cities, reconstruction of old and promotion of new tourist locations in accordance with the needs of time and public demands, development of "memory routes") to expand the list of traditional services and introduction of digital technologies, which facilitates business and expands the range of future consumers.
The impact of Coronavirus on the rural households headed by African women “breadwinners”: anthropological case study Of Mkhambathini in Kwa-Zulu Natal.
Authors:   , Goqo Nontokozo Fundiswa.
Published: January 2024

The literature surveyed for this study reveals that there is a gap in academia about studies on rural African women breadwinners’ experiences during the Coronavirus pandemic. The study was undertaken to investigate and understand the impact of Coronavirus (COVID-19) on rural African women and also to determine the strategies they used to cope during the era of the pandemic. The study employed a qualitative research method and a case study design. Guided by ethical considerations in research, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from 30 African women between 20 to 60+ from KwaZulu Natal province, Pietermaritzburg in Mkhambathini municipality that were recruited through the purposive and snowballing sampling and the generated data is analysed thematically. The theoretical framework employed in the study is family systems theory, social capital theory, and coping theory. The symbiotic relationship of these theoretical frameworks revealed the impact of COVID-19 which is nuanced and complex on African women in rural households. Secondly, the study revealed a prevalent Eurocentric analysis of the experiences of rural communities especially rural African women who are homogenized as if their lives are static. Narratives of rural women revealed that they never felt intimidated by being breadwinners in their households. The study also revealed that the impacts were felt differently by diverse women as some experienced more hardships than others but they never gave in to marginalisation due to the impacts of the pandemic. These women worked hard and used their agency to navigate the ramifications of the pandemic by creatively starting businesses to navigate and escape the economic hardships that came with Coronavirus pandemic as many of them lost their jobs or their working hours curtailed. They also used creative financial management of the little money they received from welfare funds, businesses, or pension funds to ensure resilience during this era of the pandemic. Hence the recommendation of the thesis is the decolonisation of anthropological studies by ensuring that studies about women especially the previously colonised and poor experience social justice and are studied from within their own context and are not homogenised. The recommendations propose that economic and welfare policies responses must be immediate and consider the concerns of women.
Analysis and assessment of the Russian IT market using business analytics tools
Authors: Balandin M. , Basharina O. , Kurzybova Ya.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the main methods and results of research of the Russian IT market using business analytics tools. The source data for the analysis were various indicators of the IT market and its segments for the period from 2011 to 2022. The Power BI business intelligence system was used to collect, visualize and analyze aggregated data, and statistical calculations were performed using the Pandas library of the Python language. Interactive reports developed in Power BI allowed us to analyse not only the IT market as a whole, but also its segment - the IT services market, as well as to assess the state of the website development services market. The obtained research results correlate with authoritative studies in this area. The approach, methods and tools for analysing the IT market presented in the article are rather plain, versatile and effective for researching and assessing the performance of individual companies and industries.
Optimizing The Potential and Development Strategy of The Mangrove Ecotourism Area in Tangkolak Village, Karawang Regency
Authors: Susilawati Rini Indah , Patanda Mercy , Ernaningsih Dwi
Published: January 2024

The Tangkolak mangrove ecotourism area is one of natural attractions, namely a mangrove forest in Sukakerta Village, East Cilamaya Sub-district, Karawang Regency, West Java Province. The mangrove ecotourism of Tangkolak currently have no management and low visitor. This research aims to describe the potential and identify applicable strategies through internal-external factor analysis within the Tangkolak mangrove ecotourism area. Four station points revealed a potential of 14 mangrove vegetation species and 10 fauna species. The most mangrove species all stations is Rhizophora apiculata, while the dominant fauna is Ciconia sp. The mangrove vegetation in the Tangkolak mangrove ecotourism area exhibits a low diversity index (H') and there’s no dominating species in each stations, whereas the fauna in the area showcases varied diversity index values with Ciconia sp. as the dominant species. Visitors and local fishermen in the surrounding community utilize fishing tools like a fishing rods, traps, and nets when catching fish in the vicinity of the mangrove ecotourism area. The development strategy is determined using SWOT analysis. The results of IFAS and EFAS analyses indicate that the development strategy for the Tangkolak mangrove ecotourism area falls within the coordinates (2.5; 2.6) in quadrant I, signifying a combination of strengths and opportunities (SO strategy).
Anemia in Pregnancy: Cause and Effect
Authors: Ramadhan Ananda Karunia , Danianto Ario , Cholidah Rifana
Published: January 2024

One of the most common complications associated with pregnancy is anemia. Severe anemia that occurs during pregnancy has adverse effects on both the mother and the fetus. This literature review aims to provide related information related to how anemia can occur in pregnancy, what are the risk factors and causes of anemia in pregnancy, and the impact of anemia on pregnant women and their fetuses. We searched from online databases and used review articles, research, guidelines from professional organizations, such as World Health Organization and Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Result: In general, pregnant women will experience a decrease in hemoglobin concentration due to the physiological role of hemodelution during pregnancy. However, this condition will be worsened and make pregnant women fall into anemia when accompanied by other factors such as iron deficiency, folic acid deficiency, infection, non ideal BMI (Body Mass Index), and congenital blood diseases. As a result, severe anemia that occurs during pregnancy has adverse effects on both the mother and the fetus. Conclusion: It is important to understand the factors that cause anemia in pregnancy to avoid adverse effects on pregnant women and their fetuses or children.
Potential Antioxidant Kombucha Fortified with Balinese Salak Juice (Salacca zalacca Var Amboinensis) From Karangasem District
Authors: Widnyani Ida Ayu Putu Ary , Yoga Wahyu Krisna , Sintyadewi Putu Rima , Ariani Ni Komang Sri
Published: January 2024

Salak (Salacca zalacca Var. Amboinensis) is widely spread in Indonesia. Processing salak using fermentation method can provide added value and extend the shelf life. Fermented salak product combined with kombucha from balck tea is expected to increase the product’s ability to inhibit free radicals and provide healthful effects for health, especially the digestive process. This research endeavors to assess the capacity and antioxidant activity (IC50) from the product. The data that has been obtained was analyzed statistically using a completely randomized two-factor design. The first factor involves the ratio of salak extract to black tea, featuring three levels 80:20 ; 70:30 ; 60:40. The second factor encompasesses varying fermentation duration with four levels 4,8,12, and 16 days fermentation. The experiment was replicated three times. The result is that the comparison of salak extract with black tea had an antioxidant capacity between 101,37-479,30 GAE/100g. The result for antioxidant activity (IC 50) between 97,77-179,61 ppm.
Antibacterial Testing of Moringa oleifera L. Fruit Extract Against The Growth of The Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Febriani Anisa , Hidayati Agriana Rosmalina , Suryani Dewi
Published: January 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the pathogenic bacteria that causes infectious diseases in humans. Controlling infections caused by pathogenic bacteria can be done by developing new antibacterial agents derived from natural plant-based medicines. Moringa oleifera L is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine and has antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolites content and antibacterial activity of Moringa fruit extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Moringa fruit simplicia was dechlorophyllated using n-hexane, then extracted using the sonication method with 70% ethanol solvent. The results of the phytochemical screening were that the ethanol extract of Moringa fruit contained flavonoid, tannin and saponin compounds. The diameter of the inhibition zone at concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75% were 1.17 mm, 2.00 and 6.00 mm respectively. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that Moringa fruit extract has the potential to be an antibacterial agent.
Test The Effect of The Inhibitory Power and Minimum Killing Power of Clove Flower Oil (Syzigum aromaticum) with Water as a Solvent Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Putra Hendra Susana , Mahrus  , Sedijani Prapti , Al Idrus Agil , Zulkifli Lalu
Published: January 2024

Excessive use of antibiotics in treating infectious diseases has caused some bacteria to become resistant. Therefore, it is hoped that the use of natural ingredients such as cloves can be an alternative solution in reducing excessive use of antibiotics. This study aims to test the inhibitory effect and minimum killing power of clove flower oil (Aromatic syzygum) with water as a solvent against Staphylococcus aureus. In determining the inhibition zone, the diffusion disk method was used. Meanwhile, determining the Minimum Kill Ability (MKA) uses the liquid tube dilution method. The results showed that an increase in the concentration of clove flower extract was followed by an increase in the inhibition zone in the media with the isolate Staphylococcus aureus. Meanwhile, in measuring the Minimum Kill Ability, the results showed that the MKA value of clove leaf extract against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus smaller than 5%. This shows that only a 5% concentration of clove leaf extract is enough to inhibit growth Staphylococcus aureus. These findings indicate the potential of clove leaf extract as an antimicrobial agent for bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. So it is hoped that natural ingredients will be able to reduce excessive use of antibiotics.
Test The Toxicity of The Ethanol Extract of Lacum Leaves (Cayratia trifolia L.) Using The Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method
Authors: Arhafna Cuthadisti , Sarjani Tri Mustika , S. Pandia Ekariana
Published: January 2024

People use the lacum plant (Cayratia trifolia L.), an herbaceous plant from the Vitaceae family that grows wild, as a traditional medicine. Lacum leaves have special things inside them called secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. Toxicity tests must be carried out because flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids have harmful effects on test animals at certain concentrations. A substance or natural ingredient that will be used as a medicine is tested to determine its level of toxicity. The purpose of this study was to determine the total levels of toxic compounds and the level of toxicity in the ethanol extract of lacum leaves (Cayratia trifolia L.) Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). This research uses Artemia salina leach larvae as test subjects. This research also used an experimental approach arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 7 treatments and 4 replications. The percentage of larval death was used in probit analysis to identify the toxic effects of the extract and calculate the LC50 value. Based on the research results, it shows that there are total levels of toxic compounds in the ethanol extract of lacum leaves (Cayratia trifolia L.), namely flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids with an LC50 value of 105.08 ppm which places it in the moderately toxic category and is thought to have anticancer properties.
In Vitro Shoot Culture Growth of Pontianak Orange (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) with the Addition of Naphthalene Acetic Acid and 6-Benzyl Amino Purine
Authors: Nissa Zoelva Zakiatun , Zakiah Zulfa , Turnip Masnur
Published: January 2024

Pontianak siam orange (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) is an important agricultural commodity unique to Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. The demand for Pontianak siam oranges has been steadily increasing over the years, yet the production of Pontianak oranges has not been able to meet the domestic demand. The limited availability of superior seedlings is one of the reasons for this situation. Therefore, efforts are needed to fulfill the demand for Pontianak siam oranges by producing a large quantity of superior seedlings in a short period. One of the strategies that can be employed is in vitro propagation. This research aims to observe the growth of Pontianak Siamese orange shoot explants after administration of NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purine). This research was conducted from January to June 2023 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors namely NAA concentrations with 4 levels (0; 0.25; 0.5; 0.75 mg/L), and BAP concentrations with 5 levels (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 mg/L). Parameters observed were the emergence time of shoot, shoot number, height of shoot, and the number of leaves. The results showed that single NAA, single BAP, and combination treatment of NAA and BAP significantly affected all growth parameters. Treatment with the addition of 0.25 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BAP (A1B2) was the treatment with the fastest shoot emergence time (2.80 days after planting), the largest number of shoots (2.60 shoots)the tallest shoots (1.50 cm), , and the greatest number of leaves (2.60 leaves).
The Influence of Different Media on The Physiological Response of Nila Fish (Oreochormis nilaticus)
Authors: Akbar M. Ali , Jayanthi Sri , Fajri Samsul , Khairunnisa  , Zahara Arini Shinta , Sari Muliani Tiana , Mardiah
Published: January 2024

Nila fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the leading commodities in freshwater fish cultivation in Indonesia is a freshwater fish commonly found in Indonesian waters. Media will be the main obstacle in cultivating tilapia on idle land (land that cannot be operated). Different water media influence the physiological responses of tilapia fish. The purpose of this activity is to determine the effect of differences in freshwater, brackish water and sea water media on the physiological response of tilapia fish. The parameters of this research are differences in water media, physical factors of the media, survival of tilapia fish, respiration rate of tilapia fish, mobility of tilapia fish, weight of tilapia fish and flexibility of tilapia scales. This study used quantitative methods with a completely randomized design (RAL). The collection technique makes observations. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results of this study show that differences in the aquatic environment significantly affect the physiological response of tilapia. Where in sea water the fish mortality rate is quite high compared to fresh water and brackish water.
Identity of vertebrate diversity in Langsa City Forest Park
Authors: Syabrina Annisa , Alfisyahrin Aura , Khairani Cut Anisa , Khairani Diah , Parsela Jeli , Salbila Syasya , Wahyuni Ayu
Published: January 2024

Vertebrates is a type of animal that has a spine or backbone. Vertebrates are members of the phylum chordata and are bilateral animals (bilateral symmetry).This research aims to identify vertebrate species in the Langsa City Protected Forest which functions as ecotourism. In this research, the Exploration method using direct observation in the field has been analyzed descriptively. The research produced data that there were 22 vertebrate species in the Langsa City Protected Forest. Of the 22 species of vertebrates that are most protected in captivity, there are 3 species from the Acciptriformes order, 3 species from the Artiodactyla order. The results of this study are expected to provide information on the diversity of Vertebrata in the area of Langsa City Protected Forest that is used as an ecosystem.
Colonization of Nipa Worms (Namalycastis spp.) Based on Differences in Depth of Placement of Nipah Fronds in Kakap River of West Kalimantan
Authors: Panirman Jennifer Vasilya , Tri Rima Setyawati  , Junardi
Published: January 2024

Namalycastis spp. is deposit feeder animal because it eats by utilizing organic matter and omnivorous. The existence of Namalycastis has been found inhabit naturally decomposing nipa fronds (Nypa fruticans). Data regarding the colonization of Namalycastis are currently not available. The purpose of the study is to discover the first time and the peak of colonizations and the number of individual Namalycastis based on the depth of placement of different nipa fronds in Kakap River Mangrove Area of West Borneo. Sampling was carried out at three depths: 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm for three months within a 10 days collection period. The highest number of Namalycastis individual during the study were found in nipa fronds placed at depth of 0-10 cm is 616 individuals with the highest number found in week 4 of incubation. Soil texture in Sungai Kakap mangrove forest was dominated by dust with C-organic content decreased as the number of individual nipa worms decreased.
Study of The Gastropoda Community in Cermin Coast, Paya Dua Village, Peudawa District, East Aceh District, Aceh
Authors: Sahrin Ella Fizh , Jayanthi Sri , Wardania Silvia , Sitakar Sahna Maulana , Sari Muliani Tiana , Jannah Rauzatul
Published: January 2024

Cermin Beach is one of the beaches that has an abundant level of diversity and abundance of biota, one of which is the level of diversity of gastropods which have many roles as key organizations in food networks in waters. Gastropods as organisms that live in waters are very sensitive to changes in the water quality where they live. This research was conducted on November 25 2023 with the aim of knowing the types of Gastropods found at Cermin Beach, Paya Dua Village, Peudawa District and to determine the structure of the Gastropod community related to individual density, relative abundance, frequency of presence, diversity, evenness, and similarity of species by applying a survey method with primary data collection carried out using the Line Transet method, namely by walking along the intertidal zone along the specified transect line. The results show that at Cermin Beach in Paya Dua Village, Peudawa District, 46 species of gastropods were found with different numbers at each station. The relationship between physical and chemical factors in Cermin Beach waters also influences the diversity of Gastopoda.
Identification of Ergastic Subtances of The Order Poales
Authors: Salbila Syasya , Parsela Jeli , Khairani Cut Anisa , Tinambunan Meineta , Sarjani Tri Mustika
Published: January 2024

Ergastic objects are one of the non-protoplasmic components besides vacuoles. Ergastic objects in protoplasts can be solid and liquid.The purpose of the study was to determine how the structure and type of ergastic substances in plants of order poales. This research method includes descriptive research that describes the type and structure of ergastic substances in plants of order poales, the parts observed are bulbs, grains, stems to fruits that contain ergasticsubstances.Based on the results of research on the order of poales found that the order of poales has a diverse type of solid ergastics, such as amylum (starch) found in teapot grass plants (Cyperus rotundus), rice (Oryza sativa) and corn (Zea mays) with various shapes and types, there are also types of ergastic substances in the form of ca-oxalate crystals found in pineapple plants (Ananas comusus) and types of sugar-shaped egastic substances in sugar cane plants (Saccharum officinarum Linn).
Study of Ettawa Crossbreed’s Grade for Source at Livestock Farmer in East Lombok Regency (Case Study on Livestock Farmers)
Authors: Dohi Muhammad , Kertanegara  , Sadia I Nyoman , Asih A Rai Somaning , Pany Hermansyah
Published: January 2024

This study to determine the performance of shoulder height, body weight and grade of PE goats kept by livestock farmers in East Lombok Regency. This research was conducted from June to July 2022 using survey methods, observations and direct interviews with livestock farmers in East Lombok Regency. the location where the research was carried out based on recommendations from the Puskeswan. Pringgabaya, Sakra Barat and Jerowaru sub-districts are the 3 sub-districts that are the research locations, from each selected sub-district there are 3 villages representing each sub-district and 10 livestock farmers in each village, with details of 3 sub-districts, 9 villages and 90 livestock farmers. The variables observed in this study included the identity of the livestock farmer, the rearing system, the housing system, performance (body weight and shoulder height) and the farmer's grade of PE goat. Data were analyzed using Arithmetic Mean and Standard Deviation. Most of the high shoulder performance of PE goats in East Lombok Regency is not standardized by SNI 7352;2015. The grade of PE goats in East Lombok Regency were 58 PE goats aged 4-8 months which entered grade D and 9 goats entered grade C, 75 PE goats aged 8-12 months which entered grade D and some livestock in Jerowaru District is included in E while 13 goats in West Sakra District are included in grade C, 165 PE goats aged 12-36 months are included in grade D and 9 goats are included in grade C, 58 PE goats aged 4-8 months are included into grade D and 9 goats entered into grade C, 38 PE goats aged 36 months and over entered into grade C.
COVID-19: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Waliyurrahim Hasan , Lestari Rina
Published: January 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease of the respiratory system that spreads rapidly throughout the world with significant mortality and morbidity rate. This literature review aims to provide related information, so as to find out how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted, the latest control, prevention, and treatment strategies. We searched from online databases and used review articles, research, guidelines from professional organizations, such as Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. SARS-CoV-2 spreads rapidly through droplets and attacks the respiratory system by binding to the ACE-2 receptor. This virus spreads from symptomatic or asymptomatic people. Diagnostic accuracy can be improved by combining clinical evidence with results from CT-scans and RT-PCR. Management for COVID-19 patients is carried out based on severity. Understanding pathogenesis can help determine the next step in treatment and prevention of COVID-19.
Inguinal Hernia: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Putri Nabila Aisyah , Agistany Nur Feby Febiana , Akhyar Raditya Bayu Farizil , Chauna Salsabila , Annisa Wardha Novia , Haikal Zikrul
Published: January 2024

The inguinal hernia is the subcutaneous part of the peritoneum containing the abdominal viscera that exits through the inguinal canal or directly through the abdominal wall. Most patients do not realize they have an inguinal hernia until swelling arises in the thigh fold area or pain in the groin area. The purpose of this literature review is to provide an update regarding the diagnosis and management of inguinal hernias. The diagnosis of an inguinal hernia is largely based on the history and physical examination, whereas imaging is rarely performed unless there is a certain suspicion. Surgical management can be performed on patients with symptoms, while asymptomatic patients can be subjected to conservative therapy.
Factors That Determine the Successful Management of Ectopic Pregnancy Through Methotrexate Injections
Authors: Rahmawati Baiq Ayu , Maharani Amelia Wahyu , Ramzi Ali , Jumsa Muhammad Rizkinov
Published: January 2024

Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs when the gestational sac is located outside the uterus. Methotrexate administered intramuscularly (IM) is the standard management in the therapy of ectopic pregnancies. The success of managing ectopic pregnancies using methotrexate is influenced by various factors. This literature review aims to provide related information because a sufficient understanding of the factors that affect the success of methotrexate use in ectopic pregnancies is crucial to prevent complications, reduce morbidity and mortality rates resulting from ectopic pregnancies. In this literature review we conducted a search on the National   Center   for   Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Google Scholar database using the search keyword factors, methotrexate, and ectopic pregnancy. The success of treating ectopic pregnancies using methotrexate is influenced by various factors, such as the initial β-hCG levels, the size of the ectopic mass, peritoneal fluid, maternal age, gestational age, previous spontaneous miscarriage, gravida, parity, abortion, and the percentage of a history of previous ectopic pregnancies. However, most studies have found that the primary factor influencing success is the initial β-hCG levels.
Writing Narrative Essays Using the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Series Drawings in Elementary Schools
Authors: Vista Aprima , Sukma Elfia
Published: January 2024

Students' low ability to write narrative essays is caused by several problems in the learning process. These problems include teachers not using appropriate learning models in implementing learning. Teachers also do not use appropriate learning media. Apart from that, learning is still teacher-centered which causes students to be less actively involved in learning. This research aims to improve students' ability to write narrative essays using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by a series of pictures. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) involving 18 elementary school students. The approach used in this research is a mixed method approach or a qualitative and quantitative approach. The research was carried out in 2 cycles with data collection techniques in the form of document analysis, observation, and tests. The results of the research showed an increase in: a) assessment of teaching modules in cycle I 82.14% (Good) to 92.85% (Very Good) in cycle II, b) observations on the teacher aspect of cycle I 75% (Good) to 85% (Good) in cycle II, while implementation in the student aspect of cycle I was 75% (Good) to 85% (Very Good) in cycle II, c) the assessment of students in cycle I obtained an average of 69.10 and cycle II with an average of 80.10. Based on the research results, it shows that there has been an increase in students' writing skills using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by a series of images.
Profile of Interpersonal Communication of Grade XII Science Student at SMA Negeri 1 Kediri
Authors: Khairunnisa Inni
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine students' perceptions of interpersonal communication. This study is an exploratory research with research subjects of 57 grade XII Science students at SMA Negeri 1 Kediri. The research instrument used was a closed questionnaire with graded answers according to a Likert scale that had been validated and declared valid. The research data analysis used was descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the Anova test at a significance level of 5%. The results of the study show that (1) grade XII Science students at SMA Negeri 1 Kediri have an average perception score about interpersonal communication on the indicator, namely Oppeness of 3.11 in the Tall category, Empathy is 3.27 in the Very High category, Supportiveness is 3.34 in the Very High category, Positiveness is 3.16 in the Very High category, and Equality is 3.20 in the Tall category; (2) there are significant differences in students' perceptions of interpersonal communication on the indicators of oppeness, empathy, supportiveness, positiveness, and equality as evidenced by a significance value of 0.003, which is smaller than 0.05 (<0.05).
Os imigrantes e a proteção internacional dos Direitos Humanos: uma análise a partir dos casos de violação envolvendo a Grécia
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo Portão Puzine , Bedin Gilmar Antonio
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo analisa a proteção internacional dos refugiados e sua violação na atualidade, em especial a partir dos fatos que vem ocorrendo nos últimos anos na Grécia em que milhares de imigrantes forçados foram expulsos do país e abandonados em alto mar. Neste sentido, a ideia é reforçar a importância da proteção internacional dos direitos humanos, com destaque para os refugiados que, além dos riscos normais de violação de seus direitos como qualquer outro ser humano, estão numa condição singular de vulnerabilidade. Com o caso específico grego, busca-se, do mesmo modo, demonstrar como a expulsão coletiva de migrantes, as suas condições de vida nos campos dos refugiados e a não garantia plena do acesso à justiça, viola frontalmente o que preconizam os documentos legais internacionais. Assim, o trabalho, com a utilização do método hipotético-dedutivo e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, demonstra a relevância da problematização das violações dos direitos dos refugiados.
A proteção de refugiados, na perspectiva dos direitos humanos
Authors: Silva Ana Flávia Pedroso
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo fora Trabalho De Conclusão de Curso e a época obteve aprovação para suas finalidades, bem como para futuras publicações. Este tem como objetivo discorrer sobre as migrações, mais especificamente no que tange aos refugiados bem como seus direitos humanos. Análises são feitas no âmbito nacional e internacional. Visando em primeiro plano esclarecer ao leitor sobre a necessidade da aplicação dos direitos humanos e a devida importância na questão dos refugiados. Por fim são destacados estatutos e leis que discorrem sobre os direitos humanos dos refugiados, bem como seu real funcionamento, objetivo e missão. Analisa-se ainda, como e quem deve realmente obter a denominação de refugiado que a lei do Estatuto do Refugiado fornece.
Duplo benefício da litigância climática no Brasil um potencial instrumento para garantia de direito fundamentais?
Authors: Oliveira Letícia Fernandes de
Published: January 2024

Investiga-se o potencial de a litigância climática ser utilizada como um instrumento para consecução da efetividade de direitos fundamentais no Brasil por meio da análise do desenvolvimento da estratégia do uso desses direitos nos casos de litigância pelo mundo e, após, de quatro significativos casos brasileiros que aguardam julgamento. Do estudo dos casos, verifica-se que a litigância climática no Brasil pode ter um duplo benefício por meio da estratégia do uso dos direitos fundamentais: combater e prevenir as mudanças climáticas e, ao mesmo tempo, contribuir para a garantia de direitos da população afetados pelas mudanças climáticas já em curso. Tem a pesquisa natureza qualitativa e indutiva, utilizando-se do método bibliográfico, com a busca do posicionamento de estudiosos da área que mais se aprofundaram na matéria, e do método documental, com a investigação de jurisprudência, notícias e artigos científicos que se refiram ao tema pesquisado.

The potential for the use of the climate litigation as an instrument to achieve the fundamental rights effectiveness in Brazil is investigated through the investigation of how the use of these rights in litigation as a strategy has been developed around the world, and by the analysis of four significant Brazilian cases which are in trial line.  From the case studies, it follows that climate litigation in Brazil may have a double benefit through the strategy of using fundamental rights: combating and preventing climate change and, at the same time, contributing to guaranteeing the rights of the population affected by climate change. The research has a qualitative and inductive nature, using the bibliographic and the documentary analysis, by the investigation of jurisprudence, news and scientific articles that refer to the researched topic.
Pelos tribunais da vida: reflexões sobre o exercício da cidadania e acesso à justiça em áreas conflagradas, a partir do projeto “Defensoria Pública em ação nas favelas”
Authors: Fonseca Tiago Abud da , Pauzeiro Mariana Brito
Published: January 2024

O paper procura relacionar os limites impostos ao exercício da cidadania aos moradores de áreas conflagradas e a ação de grupos criminosos, apresentando alternativa criada para oferta de serviço público de orientação jurídica e acesso à justiça, tendo como objeto de estudo a iniciativa embrionária da Defensoria Pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro denominada “Defensoria em Ação nas Favelas”. O objetivo é demonstrar a necessidade de as instituições públicas ocuparem seu espaço e prestarem serviço público de qualidade nas áreas sob o domínio de quadrilhas armadas, disputando com as milícias e facções do tráfico de drogas a população hipervulnerável, residente nas periferias das cidades, a partir da experiência no território fluminense. A hipótese é que através da busca ativa é possível resgatar uma parcela significativa da população do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, constantemente alijada do exercício de sua cidadania, garantindo-lhe o acesso à justiça. O problema ganha relevo porque se estima que um terço dos moradores da capital fluminense more em áreas de risco controladas pelas milícias, ao passo que outros 24% são expostos ao domínio das facções do tráfico de drogas. Cientes das diversas formas de vilipêndio aos direitos basilares desta expressiva parcela da população, busca-se averiguar se, ao menos em relação ao acesso à justiça, a ação tem obtido êxito. Para tanto, será utilizada a revisão bibliográfica e apresentação de estudo de caso.
A construção de caminhos para ampliar a eficácia dos direitos fundamentais sociais: uma discussão à luz da obra de Michael J. Sandel
Authors: Zamboim Heloisa Borella , Casalino Vinicius Gomes
Published: January 2024

Apesar da grande gama de direitos sociais, econômicos e culturais assegurada no texto constitucional brasileiro, diversos deles ainda enfrentam um grave problema de eficácia. Assim, valendo-se do método hipotético-dedutivo, esse artigo procurou entender se os atuais limites de aplicabilidade dos direitos de segunda dimensão no Brasil podem ser reduzidos por meio da aplicação das correntes de justiça discutidas na obra de Michael J. Sandel. As conclusões indicaram que a política do bem comum, ideia de justiça construída por Sandel, apesar de apresentar incompletudes, pode ser uma nova via para tentar ampliar a eficácia dos direitos de segunda dimensão no país.
Fake news e sua regulação em escala global
Authors: Almeida Daniel Freire e
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo analisa os aspectos conceituais das fake news, e seus impactos no ambiente digital. No mesmo sentido, apresenta um panorama das características desafiadoras da Internet ao Direito. Como ponto finalístico, traça diretrizes para a regulação das fake news em escala global. Para tanto, o ensaio está dividido em cinco partes. Primeiramente, introduz o tema na esfera jurídica, com sua problemática no contexto digital. Em seguida, trata das fake news, incluindo casos representativos de sua relevância hodierna. Em sede do terceiro capítulo, eleva algumas características da Internet que representam desafios ao ambiente regulatório, com ênfase para a globalidade da Internet, a digitalização de provas, a internacionalidade dos atores, incluindo empresas, usuários e dados, e o impacto das notícias falsas no ambiente digital. Como ponto central, apresenta diretrizes e critérios para a regulação das fake news em nível global. Por derradeiro, desenvolve considerações finais sobre o tema.
Constitucionalismo democrático e o efeito backlash
Authors: Soares Rafael Junior
Published: January 2024

O presente examina o efeito backlash na jurisdição constitucional brasileira, tendo em vista os impactos econômicos, sociais e jurídicos produzido por decisões tomadas no Supremo Tribunal. O exemplo do fenômeno estudado diz respeito à posição adotada quanto à execução provisória da pena, que resultou na imediata reação por setores da sociedade na busca de mudança da Constituição Federal como claro contraponto à orientação firmada pela Corte Suprema.
Mudanças climáticas, bioeconomia e trabalho decente na Amazônia
Authors: Koury Suzy Elizabeth Cavalcante , Reymão Ana Elizabeth Neirão
Published: January 2024

O artigo traz reflexões sobre o trabalho na Amazônia no contexto das mudanças climáticas e da transição ecológica anunciada pela bioeconomia como vetor para o desenvolvimento sustentável da região. A pesquisa é baseada na revisão bibliográfica e na consulta documental, com abordagem qualitativa. O estudo destaca que o conceito de bioeconomia ainda está em formação, podendo incluir múltiplas atividades, muitas denunciadas por graves violações de direitos. Assim, nem todas se restringem às que consideram apenas o aproveitamento econômico de sua biodiversidade, com a associação da ciência e da tecnologia aos conhecimentos tradicionais e dos povos e comunidades tradicionais da região. Dessa forma, o incentivo e apoio do Estado à bioeconomia precisa ser pensado para que não se repitam erros do passado, valorizando-se o real e efetivo diálogo intercultural entre os atores amazônicos e os formuladores das políticas que visam à sua implementação.