bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidural Analgesia for Pain Management in Acute Pancreatitis during Pregnancy and Its Effect on Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Dogra Sandeepika , Sharma Pallavi , Pandya Sunil , Madapu Manokanth , Mahapatra Soumya Jagannath , Sethi Ankita , Singh Nilanchali
Published: September 2022

Background. Acute pancreatitis (AP) during pregnancy is a rare presentation with an estimated incidence of 1 case per 1000 to 10,000 pregnancies. Severe epigastric and abdominal pain is the earliest and the most common symptom of AP, and adequate pain relief is an integral part of patient management. The aim of our study was to investigate the different pain relief modalities that are used in pregnant women with AP and the efficacy of each method used, in terms of better pain relief and maternal-fetal outcomes. Methods. This was a retrospective observational study over a period of 6 years conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Pregnant women with clinical and biochemical diagnoses of acute pancreatitis were included in the study. Patient’s history and clinical and biochemical data were collected from the medical records of the hospital. Results. A total of 12 patients were included in the study, 5 out of 12 patients had gall stones associated with AP, 2 patients had hypertriglyceridemia, and 1 each had preeclampsia and eclampsia. Epidural analgesia at the level of L1-L2 spinal level showed a reduction of VAS scores from 8 or 9 to 1 or 2, indicating excellent pain as compared to t intravenous (i/v) infusion of fentanyl or i/v boluses of injection tramadol, in whom VAS was never reduced below 3. With satisfactory results, labour analgesia and anesthesia for caesarean section was provided via the same catheter in 2 and 3 patients, respectively. Maternal and fetal outcomes were comparable in all the patients. Conclusion. AP in pregnancy, when diagnosed early and managed accordingly, leads to better maternal and fetal outcomes. Epidural analgesia was better than intravenous analgesia in terms of pain management and better recovery of acute pancreatitis patients. In these patients, labour analgesia and anesthesia for caesarean section can be provided through the same catheter, making it a potential novel modality in the treatment of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy.
Effect of Precision Health Education on Compliance Behavior after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: Li Chan-can , Zhang Zong-wu
Published: September 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of precision health education on patients’ compliance behavior and lithotripsy efficacy after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Methods. From June 2018 to September 2018, 104 patients with upper urinary tract calculi who underwent ESWL at Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group (

n
=
53

) was given precision health education guidance after ESWL treatment, while the control group (

n
=
51

) was only informed of precautions after lithotripsy. Postoperative compliance behavior, stone expulsion time, and complications were recorded in both groups. Results. The clinical baseline data of the two groups were similar in age, gender, number of stones, size of stones, location of stones, complications, number of lithotripsies, and voltage of lithotripsy between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). However, compared with the control group, the observation group had better compliance behavior of patients. Furthermore, we divided the patients into three groups based on whether they complied with medical advice. Compared with the noncompliance group (

n
=
17

) and the partial compliance group (

n
=
23

), the stone expulsion time in the complete compliance group (

n
=
64

) was significantly shorter. Also, the number of patients with nausea and vomiting, lacrimation, and cold sweat in the complete compliance group was significantly lower than that in the other groups. Conclusion. Precision health education for patients treated with ESWL can significantly enhance the compliance behavior of patients, thereby accelerating the expulsion of stones, improving the efficacy and relieving pain. Precision health education and good compliance behavior complement and reinforce each other.
Analysis of Mutual Influence Relationships of Purchase Intention Factors of Electric Bicycles: Application of DEMATEL Taking into Account Information Uncertainty and Expert Confidence
Authors: Lin Ching-Te , Yang Jen-Jen , Chiang Wen-Jen , Yang Jen-Jung , Yang Chin-Cheng
Published: September 2022

As the negative environmental impacts of transportation systems become more severe, governments and environmental groups are seeking more sustainable transportation options, such as replacing fuel‐powered vehicles with electric vehicles and expanding public transportation systems to reduce the number of people driving on their own, in order to reduce the environmental impacts of transportation systems. At present, the rapid expansion of public transportation systems is not an easy task and requires a long period of time to plan for expansion and construction, so people are increasingly looking to find means of transportation that meet sustainable conditions as solutions. In this context, electric bicycles are one of the solutions that people can choose, with benefits such as energy saving, carbon reduction, effective air pollution reduction, and simple and labor‐saving riding. However, in Taiwan, despite the many benefits of electric bicycles, their popularity is not high. Therefore, this study focuses on the factors that affect the purchase of electric bicycles in Taiwan. The Influential Network Relation Map (INRM) generated by the Z‐based Decision‐making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (Z‐DEMATEL) technique is used to describe the influence relationships among the factors and to establish the key evaluation criteria of electric bicycle purchase intention. The results indicate that vehicle price, safety, motor performance, battery life, and battery durability are the most important factors in purchasing electric bicycles. Furthermore, the power of motor is considered as the factor that most significantly affects other criteria, while safety and price are most likely to be affected by other criteria. This study has contributed to academia and industry, for the dependency weights of these factors are set to provide a scientific and systematic way to show how consumers think in the decision‐making process and to provide more reliable information and management implications for the electric bicycle industry.
[Retracted] Analysis of the Overall Development Mode of Cultural Tourism under the Creative Economy Environment
Authors: Zhang Hongrui
Published: September 2022

Tourism is evolving constantly as a result of the growth of the creative economy. Currently, ethnic cultural tourism is the focus of cultural tourism’s overall development, while cultural tourism’s development is primarily driven by considerations of social economy, cultural protection, and cultural inheritance. The first section of the article defines cultural and creative tourism. Second, this essay examines the evolution of creative and cultural tourism in general. In the end, cultural tourism’s overall development is unquestionably superior to other development, and the other two commonly receive poor ratings. Its overall development score ranges from 4.4 to 4.9, and its average value without overall development is 4.42. The highest score is 4.89, with the average for cultural tourism with limited development being 4.49 and the average for cultural tourism with full development being 4.71. In a nutshell, the paper’s proposal for evaluating the entire development of cultural tourism is doable.
Application of Nanofluid Electrochemistry in Heat Dissipation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Lin XiongPing , Xie GuoDong
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the problem of heat dissipation of permanent magnet synchronous motors, a technology using the principle of nanofluid electrochemistry is proposed. The main content of this technology is based on the characteristics and applications of nanofluids; according to the experimental system, the preparation and experimental parameters of nanofluids were determined; finally, by studying the influence of ultrasonic oscillation time and dispersant on the stability of nanofluids, it was concluded that the improvement of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids contributed to the improvement of the heat transfer rate of nanofluids. Experimental results show that when the volume fraction is 0.5, the increase rate of thermal conductivity is 1.51, the increase rate of convective heat transfer coefficient is 20.33, and the increase rate of convective heat transfer coefficient is greater than that of thermal conductivity, which shows that nanofluids have very good heat dissipation ability. It is proved that the technical research of nanofluid can meet the heat dissipation requirements of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza for Ankylosing Spondylitis: Determining Potential Inflammatory Molecular Targets and Mechanism Using Network Pharmacology
Authors: Fang Yanyan , Liu Jian , Xin Ling , Jiang Hui , Guo Jinchen , Li Xu , Wang Fanfan , He Mingyu , Han Qi , Huang Dan
Published: September 2022

Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (RSM) is widely used for the clinical improvement of inflammatory diseases. However, the actions of RSM in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have not been fully explored. Therefore, this study was designed to use retrospective clinical data mining approach to understand the effects of RSM on AS‐related immuno‐inflammatory processes, use network pharmacology to predict therapeutic targets of RSM, and to further investigate the pharmacological molecular mechanism in vitro. RSM treatment has a long‐term correlation with the improvement of AS‐related immuno‐inflammatory indicators through computational models. We established protein‐protein interaction networks, conducted KEGG analysis to enrich significant TNF pathways, and finally obtained three core targets of RSM in the treatment of AS, namely, prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐alpha). Screening of RSM active ingredients with node degree greater than 20 yielded cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA, and previous studies have reported their anti‐inflammatory effects. In vitro, both cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA significantly inhibited the expressions of PTGS2, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in AS patients. In conclusion, cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA, which are the active components of RSM, may inhibit the activation of TNF signaling pathway in AS patients by downregulating the expression of PTGS2, IL‐6, and TNF‐α. These findings illustrate that RSM may be a promising therapeutic candidate for AS, but further validation is required.
A Robust Multiobjective Mathematical Model Optimizing Stock Portfolio
Authors: Sadri Mehran , Sadeghi Alireza , Madanchi Zaj Mahdi , Afzoon Esmaeel , Dardaei-beiragh Helia
Published: September 2022

The present paper investigates the problem of capital portfolio selection under uncertain conditions and uses a robust optimization approach for modeling. The model provided in this paper is a three‐objective model that aims to maximize returns, maximize liquidity, and minimize risk. The data extracted from the site of the Tehran Stock Exchange are as follows. These data are related to twenty shares from July 2020 to July 2021. The robust approach used in this research has been analyzed by the real data of the Tehran Stock Exchange and then the optimal portfolio for different robust costs has been formed by solving the robust model. In the following section, the relevant model is solved through real stock market data and using the goal programming approach, and the results are investigated and analyzed.
Multivariate Analysis of Recurrence after Hysteroscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometrial Polyps following IVF-ET Failure
Authors: Xu Jing , Liu Bao , Feng Xue , Shen Liyuan , Qu Qinghua
Published: September 2022

Objective. To explore the risk factors affecting the recurrence of endometrial polyps (EPs) after hysteroscopic diagnosis and treatment of EPs following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failure by multivariate analysis. Methods. The clinical data of 369 patients with EPs hysteroscopically treated in our department due to IVF-ET failure from January 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, including the number and size of polyps, postoperative treatment, endometriosis (EM), hydrosalpinx (HSP), and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and the effects of these factors on EP recurrence were observed. Results. Of the patients enrolled, 184 cases (49.9%) were treated by curettage, and 185 cases (50.1%) by electrotomy. A total of 72 cases (19.5%) of postoperative recurrence were determined, including 34 cases (9.2%) without postoperative medication, 31 cases (8.4%) with one month of postoperative Didroxyprogesterone (DG) administration, and 7 cases (1.9%) with three months of postoperative DG administration. Surgical methods, 3 months of postoperative medication, PCOS, and polyp number and size significantly influence the recurrence of EPs, which were all the influencing factors of polyp recurrence. After controlling for other factors, the risk of EP recurrence after electrotomy was found to be lower than that after curettage, with an odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) of 0.354 (0.163–0.767); the risk of EP recurrence after 3 months of postoperative medication was lower than that without postoperative medication, with an OR (95% CI) of 0.024 (0.005–0.104); the risk of EP recurrence in patients with PCOS was higher than that without PCOS, and the OR (95% CI) was 2.505 (1.113–5.639); patients with multiple polyps (≥2) were at an increased risk of recurrence than those with a single polyp, with an OR (95% CI) of 66.552 (14.711–301.084); patients with polyp diameter ≥ 2 cm had a higher risk of recurrence than those with polyp diameter < 2 cm, and the OR (95% CI) was 1084.76 (148.743–7910.999). Conclusions. PCOS patients are at an elevated risk of EP recurrence than non-PCOS patients. In patients with multiple polyps, those with a diameter ≥ 2 cm have an increased risk of polyp recurrence compared with those with polyp diameter < 2 cm; electrotomy is associated with a lower recurrence risk of EPs than curettage. The risk of EP recurrence in patients treated with postoperative progesterone for 3 months is lower than that of patients without postoperative medication.
Insight into the Effects of High-Altitude Hypoxic Exposure on Learning and Memory
Authors: Zhang Zi-ang , Sun Yafei , Yuan Ziyan , Wang Lei , Dong Qian , Zhou Yang , Zheng Gang , Aschner Michael , Zou Yuankang , Luo Wenjing
Published: September 2022

The earth land area is heterogeneous in terms of elevation; about 45% of its land area belongs to higher elevation with altitude above 500 meters compared to sea level. In most cases, oxygen concentration decreases as altitude increases. Thus, high-altitude hypoxic stress is commonly faced by residents in areas with an average elevation exceeding 2500 meters and those who have just entered the plateau. High-altitude hypoxia significantly affects advanced neurobehaviors including learning and memory (L&M). Hippocampus, the integration center of L&M, could be the most crucial target affected by high-altitude hypoxia exposure. Based on these points, this review thoroughly discussed the relationship between high-altitude hypoxia and L&M impairment, in terms of hippocampal neuron apoptosis and dysfunction, neuronal oxidative stress disorder, neurotransmitters and related receptors, and nerve cell energy metabolism disorder, which is of great significance to find potential targets for medical intervention. Studies illustrate that the mechanism of L&M damaged by high-altitude hypoxia should be further investigated based on the entire review of issues related to this topic.
Various Uses of Topological Invariants in Jahangir Graph Jβ,α
Authors: Siddique Imran , Muhiuddin G. , Mahboob Abid , Rasheed Muhammad Waheed
Published: September 2022

Topological indices are analytical indicators of a graph’s topology. Graph theory has diverse applications in chemistry and conducts research on molecular structures, and its popularity has steadily increased since then. Many physicochemical attributes of a molecular substance can be identified using topological indices. Topological indices based on these chemical molecular structures can assist researchers in better understanding the physical properties, chemical reactivity, and biological activity. It is a way to fulfill the lack of experiments and give a theoretical basis for the manufacture of many chemical products. The objective of this research is to discuss bidistance degree‐based topological invariants in the Jahangir graph.
What Promotes Medical Overuse: Perspective on Evolutionary Game between Administration and Medical Institutions
Authors: Xu Chenxi , Luo Li , Zeng Siyu , He Xiaozhou , Li Jialing , Zhu Guiju
Published: September 2022

Medical overuse is the leading cause of high expenditure among healthcare systems worldwide, with the degree varying from region to region. There is increasing evidence to indicate that in China, National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA) supervision plays the most crucial role in decreasing medical overuse. For medical overuse, traditional studies focus on empirical researches and qualitative analysis, most of which ignore how the two important participants, i.e., medical institutions and NHSA, affect the strategy of each other. To reduce the losses incurred by insufficient supervision, this study starts from bounded rationality, builds an evolutionary game model to study the relations between the NHSA and medical institutions, and reveals the dynamic evolution process of the supervision of NHSA and overuse of medical institutions. Through stable evolutionary strategy analysis, numerical simulation results, and sensitive experiments under diverse scenarios, we found that when profit gap of medical overuse is high or low, medical institution will adopt fixed strategy, which is medical overuse or appropriate medical use. Only when the profit gap is at a medium level will NHSA’s choice affects medical institutions’ strategy. Furthermore, NHSA’s strategy is affected by the profit gap between medical use and supervision cost. Our work enriches the understanding of supervision for medical overuse and provides theoretical support for the NHSA to make decisions to reach an ideal condition, i.e., to supervise without exertion.
Research on Oil Painting Layout and Expression Form Based on Multi Data Visual Communication
Authors: Liu Xiaozhou
Published: September 2022

Multi records visible conversation plan combines modern-day digital technology, offers a new capacity of verbal exchange and a new way of expression for visible verbal exchange design, and has the twin position of innovative notion and reference. The emergence and popularization of visible verbal exchange technology and the integration and utility of visible conversation technological know-how in oil portray introduction are additionally heating up. Combined with multi-information visible conversation science and the strategies of sketching in typical oil portray creation, oil portray advent can continue to play a special creative allure in the visible era and preserve the symbiosis, interplay, and practical transformation of visible subculture represented by using standard portray varieties and images. Aiming at the search for on oil painting design and expression structure based totally completely on multi-information seen communication, this paper analyzes the facts transmission characteristics, seen language characteristics and aesthetic psychological features of multi-information seen verbal trade design. The oil portrays format and expression structure based totally on multi records visible communication. Through experiments and analysis, it is proven that the overall performance of 1500 ms is the fantastic when inspecting the dynamic alternate of time sequence information.
Variability and Patterning in Permanent Tooth Dimensions among Four Ethnic Groups from the North‐eastern States of India
Authors: Majumder Plabita , Mahanta Putul , Kalita Chandana , Rajbangshi Madhab Ch. , Saikia Dipanjal , Konwar Ranjumoni , Basumatari Bharati , Sherin N.
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives. Tooth dimensions provide a wealth of information about human evolution and have forensic and clinical dentistry applications. The present study aimed to assess the mesiodistal (MD), buccolingual (BL), and cervico‐incisal (C‐I) dimensions of permanent teeth up to the second molars in four ethnic groups of North‐eastern India and to compare them with existing standard data. Methods. The study was a comparative cross‐sectional study among four different ethnic groups of North‐east India among the age group of 20‐30 years. Dimensions of the maxillary and mandibular teeth were measured with a digital Vernier calliper using the dental casts of 50 male and 50 female subjects from each of the four ethnic groups under study. The data were statistically analyzed using a Student’s t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. The tooth dimensions of all four ethnic groups were significantly lower than the standard values except for the MD dimension of the maxillary second molars of the Singpho group (9.13 mm vs. 9.0 mm); mandibular central incisors of the Meitei group (5.01 mm vs. 5.0 mm); and mandibular lateral incisors of the Meitei, Ao, and Singpho groups (>standard value of 5.5 mm) and BL dimension of the mandibular first premolars of the Meitei and Ao groups (>standard value of 7.5 mm); mandibular second premolars of the Meitei and Singpho groups (>standard value of 8.0 mm); and mandibular second molars of the Ao group (10.04 mm vs. 10.0 mm). In some instances, the comparative analysis revealed group variations in different tooth dimensions among the four ethnic groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Variations were observed in the tooth dimensions among the four ethnic groups and within the same population. Unlike other parts of India, the North‐eastern population belongs to a distinct ethnic race of indigenous people of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Arctic region of North America. Hence, population‐specific data for India’s North‐eastern region are necessary for forensic odontology, dental anthropology, routine dental practice, and effective treatment planning.
Deqi Sensation to Predict Acupuncture Effect on Functional Dyspepsia: A Machine Learning Study
Authors: Chen Li , Yin Tao , He Zhaoxuan , Chen Yuan , Sun Ruirui , Lu Jin , Ma Peihong , Zeng Fang
Published: September 2022

Objectives. The aim of the study was to predict the effect of acupuncture for treating functional dyspepsia (FD) using the support vector machine (SVM) techniques based on initial deqi sensations of patients. Methods. This retrospective study involved 90 FD patients who had received four weeks of acupuncture treatment. The support vector classification model was used to distinguish higher responders (patients with Symptom Index of Dyspepsia improvement score ≥ 2) from lower responders (patients with Symptom Index of Dyspepsia improvement score < 2). A support vector regression model was used to predict the change in the Symptom Index of Dyspepsia at the end of acupuncture treatment. Deqi sensations of patients in the first acupuncture treatment of a 20-session acupuncture intervention were defined as features and used to train models. Models were validated by 10-fold cross-validation and evaluated by accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, the area under the receive-operating curve, the coefficient of determination (R2), and the mean squared error. Results. The two models could predict the efficacy of acupuncture successfully. These models had an accuracy of 0.84 in predicting acupuncture response, and an R2 of 0.16 in the prediction of symptom improvements, respectively. The presence or absence of deqi sensation, the duration of deqi sensation, distention, and pain were finally selected as significant predicting features. Conclusion. Based on the SVM algorithms and deqi sensation, the current study successfully predicted the acupuncture response as well as clinical symptom improvement in FD patients at the end of treatment. Our prediction models are expected to promote the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment for FD, reduce medical expenditures, and optimize the allocation of medical resources.
EZH2 Regulates ANXA6 Expression via H3K27me3 and Is Involved in Angiotensin II-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence
Authors: Li Yuejin , Guo Shikui , Zhao Yingpeng , Li Rougang , Li Yu , Qiu Changtao , Xiao Le , Gong Kunmei
Published: September 2022

Objectives. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has a high risk of rupture of the aorta and is one of the leading causes of death in older adults. This study is aimed at confirming the influence and mechanism of the abnormally expressed ANXA6 gene in AAA. Methods. Clinical samples were collected for proteome sequencing to screen for differentially expressed proteins. An Ang II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) aging model as well as an AAA animal model was used. Using RT-qPCR to detect the mRNA levels of EZH2, ANXA6, IK-6, and IL-8 in cells and tissues were assessed. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining were used apply for the expression of associated proteins in cells and tissues. SA-β-gal staining, flow cytometry, and DHE staining were used to detect senescent cells and the level of ROS. The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Arterial pathology was observed by HE staining. The aging of VSMCs in arterial tissue was assessed by coimmunofluorescence for α-SMA and p53. Results. There were 24 differentially expressed proteins in the AAA clinical samples, including 10 upregulated protein and 14 downregulated protein, and the differential expression of ANXA6 was associated with vascular disease. Our study found that ANXA6 was highly expressed and EZH2 was lowly expressed in an Ang II-induced VSMC aging model. Knockdown of ANXA6 or overexpression of EZH2 inhibited Ang II-induced ROS, inhibited cell senescence, decreased Ang II evoked G1 arrest, and increased cells in G2 phase, while overexpression of ANXA6 played the opposite role. Overexpression of EZH2 inhibited ANXA6 expression by increasing H3K27me3 modification at the ANXA6 promoter. Simultaneous overexpression of EZH2 and the protective effect of EZH2 on cell senescence were partially reversed by ANXA6. Similarly, ANXA6 was highly expressed and EZH2 was lowly expressed in an Ang II-induced AAA animal model. Knockdown of ANXA6 and overexpression of EZH2 alleviated Ang II-induced VSMC senescence and inhibited AAA progression, while simultaneous overexpression of EZH2 and ANXA6 partially reversed the protective effect of EZH2 on AAA. Conclusion. EZH2 regulates the ANXA6 promoter H3K27me3 modification, inhibits ANXA6 expression, alleviates Ang II-induced VSMC senescence, and inhibits AAA progression.
On the Existence of Multiple RSA Private Keys
Authors: Wu Chuan-Kun , Zhao Bin
Published: September 2022

It is known that, given an RSA modulus,

n
=
p
q

, the public key

e

and the corresponding private key

d

satisfy the modulo congruence

e
d
≡
1

mod
ϕ

n

, where

ϕ

n

=

p

−

1

q

−

1

. Usually, the private key

d

can be computed efficiently using the extended Euclidean algorithm, and it is common knowledge that the private key is unique in the sense of modular

ϕ

n

. This paper shows that there exist multiple private keys

d

; they all satisfy that

d
<
ϕ

n

. This paper also presents the exact relationship between an RSA public key and a corresponding private key.
An Improved Deep Residual Convolutional Neural Network for Plant Leaf Disease Detection
Authors: Pandian J. Arun , K. Kanchanadevi , Rajalakshmi N.R. , G.Arulkumaran
Published: September 2022

In this research, we proposed a novel deep residual convolutional neural network with 197 layers (ResNet197) for the detection of various plant leaf diseases. Six blocks of layers were used to develop ResNet197. ResNet197 was trained and tested using a combined plant leaf disease image dataset. Scaling, cropping, flipping, padding, rotation, affine transformation, saturation, and hue transformation techniques were used to create the augmentation data of the plant leaf disease image dataset. The dataset consisted of 103 diseased and healthy image classes of 22 plants and 154,500 images of healthy and diseased plant leaves. The evolutionary search technique was used to optimise the layers and hyperparameter values of ResNet197. ResNet197 was trained on the combined plant leaf disease image dataset using a graphics processing unit (GPU) environment for 1000 epochs. It produced a 99.58 percentage average classification accuracy on the test dataset. The experimental results were superior to existing ResNet architectures and recent transfer learning techniques.
Optimization Simulation of Balanced Distribution of Multimedia Network Modular Teaching Resources
Authors: Lu Jingrong
Published: September 2022

The balanced distribution of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources is improved by optimizing and adjusting the balanced distribution of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources. Based on block grid balanced scheduling and resource spectrum fusion, a balanced distribution method of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources is proposed. A blockchain Internet of Things accesses control network architecture system for the balanced allocation of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources established using the priority business scheduling method. Modular resource allocation of multimedia wireless networks and adaptive forwarding are adjusted to control the data packets. The bandwidth guarantee mechanism is used for the equitable allocation of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources information flow. Multi-service hierarchical management of multimedia wireless network modular teaching resources spectrum is controlled by block grid balanced scheduling and resource spectrum fusion. The high-energy physical computing system structure is used to allocate the resource spectrum balance of the modular teaching resources of the multimedia wireless networks, ensuring the bandwidth requirements of various services. The classified management and balanced allocation of the multimedia wireless networks’ teaching storage, system, and teaching spectrum resources are made possible. The results of the tests show that this method effectively reduces the delay in the allocation of modular multimedia wireless network teaching resources, improves the utilization rate of modular multimedia wireless network teaching resources, and significantly improves their reading and writing performance.
A Delphi Evaluation of User Interface Design Guidelines: The Case of Arabic
Authors: Al-Sa’di Ahmed , Al-Samarraie Hosam
Published: September 2022

Due to the importance of design guidelines in facilitating user experience and promoting efficiency, it is essential to determine the effectiveness of certain design guidelines for a specific population. There have been a number of challenges reported in the literature when designing learning courses for Arabic users. Confirming the suitability of design guidelines for specific users’ needs can be challenging in the context of the Arabic language. This is mainly due to the unique characteristics of this language, which contribute to users’ satisfaction with the interface. This study evaluated the feasibility of using Arabic User Interface (UI) guidelines for tablet PCs. The UI guidelines were developed, evaluated, and refined using the Delphi technique. A total of six UI design experts were recruited for this study. The results revealed a number of guidelines that can be used in the design of Arabic UI. The proposed guidelines can standardise the design of Arabic UI by offering future directions on how to effectively apply design principles for tablet PCs.
Ureterorenoscopic (URS) Lithotripsy and Balloon Dilation Cause Acute Kidney Injury and Distal Renal Tubule Damage: A Prospective Study
Authors: Huang Ho-Shiang , Lu Ze-Hong , Liu Chan-Jung
Published: September 2022

Ureterorenoscopy (URS) is believed to be a safe and effective procedure for treating ureteral stones or ureteral strictures. Rapidly increasing intrarenal pressure during URS may have a negative impact on the kidney, but its effect on renal function is not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether URS balloon dilation or lithotripsy could cause acute kidney injury (AKI), which was evaluated using urine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), and renal tubular damage, which was evaluated using urine α‐glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and πGST. This prospective study included 207 patients with a mean age of 53.8 years between September 2012 and June 2013. Four groups were included: the ureteral stricture group (group 1), the ureteral stone group (group 2), and two control groups. URS increased urine NGAL (uNGAL) levels on days 1 and 14 in both groups, and only elevated uGST levels were noted on day 14 after URS lithotripsy (URS). On day 14, the difference between low‐grade and high‐grade hydronephrosis was significant in group 1 (p < 0.001) compared to that in group 2 (p = 0.150). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and stone size > 1.0 cm were associated with the complete recovery of hydronephrosis after URS on day 14. Patients with ureteral stones with preserved renal function had more AKI than those with impaired renal function. However, there was no significant difference in URS‐related AKI between the ≤1 cm and >1 cm subgroups. In addition, urine αGST and πGST levels were both significantly higher in the stone > 1 cm subgroup than in the ≤1 cm subgroup. In conclusion, URS laser lithotripsy and balloon dilatation resulted in AKI and renal tubular damage on day 14, although post‐URS double‐J (DBJ) stenting was performed in every patient.
Evaluation of lncRNA FOXD3-AS1 as a Biomarker for Early-Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Subtype Identification
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Chen Wenyan , Qi Yu , Zhu Yongqian
Published: September 2022

Purpose. Lung cancer (LC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. More and more long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are associated with cancer. This study aimed to assess whether plasma lncRNA could be used to diagnose early-stage LC and identify subtypes of LC. Methods. For bioinformatic analysis, we used genetic data from the Cancer Genome Atlas, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) datasets and a small cell lung cancer (SCLC) dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the relative expression of lncRNA in LC tissues and plasma samples. The patients’ clinical information was obtained at the time of sample collection. Results. According to public datasets, the lncRNA forkhead box D3 antisense 1 (FOXD3-AS1) was significantly upregulated in LUAD, LUSC, and SCLC tissues over controls. RT-qPCR assays confirmed this finding in LUAD, LUSC, and SCLC tissues and plasma samples. Even early-stage receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that plasma FOXD3-AS1 could be used to discriminate LUAD, LUSC, and SCLC from normal controls and identify LC subtypes SCLC. Conclusion. FOXD3-AS1 is significantly upregulated in LC tissues and plasma. FOXD3-AS1 could be a potential biomarker for LC subtype identification and early diagnosis.
Occurrence of Liver Damage and Obstetric Outcomes in Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Pruritus during Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Pavelic Ena , Blagaic Vladimir , Zekan Paulo , Glad Stritof Petra , Bebek Mara , Bilandzic Josko , Pavlovic Milan , Herceg Mihovil
Published: September 2022

Aim. A retrospective study of the occurrence of liver damage and obstetric outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with pruritus. Methods. The following parameters were monitored in patients: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, bilirubin (direct and total), hemoglobin, platelets, serum bile acid level, age of pregnant women, parity, pregnancy weight gain, birth weight, and gestational age at delivery. A total of 107 patients were included during a five-year period (2016–2020) and classified into three groups. Group A included 17 pregnant women with pruritus without elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin. Group B included 50 pregnant women with pruritus, elevated liver enzymes, and bilirubin. Group C included 40 pregnant women with pruritus and elevated bile acids (regardless of liver enzyme levels). Results. The groups did not significantly differ in patients’ age and parity, but there was a statistically significant between-group difference in weight gain during pregnancy. The values of AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, and direct bilirubin were the highest in group B, and serum bile acids were expectedly the highest in group C. There was no statistically significant variation in the onset of labor and mode of delivery between groups. However, groups significantly differed in gestational age at delivery, newborn birthweight, and pregnancy prolongation from the onset of pruritus to delivery. Conclusion. Further study is needed to assess the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy as well as any significant liver damage associated with pregnancy.
Antimicrobial Resistance, Multilocus Sequence, and spa Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Retail Raw Meat Products
Authors: Özdemir Fatma
Published: September 2022

With a high capacity to acquire antimicrobial resistance, Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen causing severe infections in animals and humans. A total of 50 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail ground beef, chicken meat, and fish were characterized by antimicrobial resistance profiling, staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The broth microdilution test results showed that all isolates were resistant to penicillin and sulphamethoxazole but had varying resistance rates to tetracycline (24%), erythromycin (4%), gentamicin (2%), ciprofloxacin (2%), trimethoprim (2%), and chloramphenicol (0%). The blaZ and sulI genes were detected in 100% of the isolates followed by grlA (94%), norA (92%), tetK (80%), chlA (60%), tetM (26%), aacA-aphD (2%), ermA (2%), fexA (0%), and dfrA (0%). Moreover, 26% of the isolates were multidrug‐resistant, with five or more resistance genes. The spa typing analysis revealed 22 spa types, with t091 (16%), t1677 (8%), and t14538 (8%) being the most common, and one new spa type, t19851, was uncovered. MLST identified seven sequence types (STs), with ST7 (40%), ST15 (20%), and ST199 (13%) being the most common, and two STs (ST7435 and ST7436) were newly identified. In this study, S. aureus isolated from raw meat showed multidrug resistance and different clones associated with human infections. As a result, foods of animal origin may act as potential vehicles for transmission of multidrug‐resistant S. aureus isolates, and the dissemination of potentially pathogenic clonal types, posing a health risk to humans.
Study on Strength Attenuation Characteristics of Residual Expansive Soil under Wetting-Drying Cycles and Low Stress and Its Relationship with Shallow Landslide
Authors: Chang Jin , Ma Jieling , Tang Xianyuan
Published: September 2022

The rapid development of expansive soil fissures and the attenuation of strength under the action of repeated atmospheric wetting-drying cycles have a very adverse impact on the shallow stability of expansive soil slope. In this study, shear strength test and fissure observation test were performed on typical residual expansive soil specimens at various wetting-drying cycles and low stress. The results show that the shear strength index of residual expansive soil should be obtained according to the high and low stress sections, respectively. The cohesion of the three residual expansive soils decreased to a similar low value range (0~5 kN) at multiple wetting-drying cycles and low stress; the attenuation of cohesion is the main cause of shallow slope collapse. The fissure rate of the specimen surface increases with the increasing number of wetting-drying cycles, and increasing the dry density can significantly inhibit the development of fissures. The repeated wetting-drying cycles leads to the rapid development of slope fissures from the surface to the inside, destroys the internal natural structure of undisturbed expansive soil, reduces the cementation between soil particles, and leads to the decrease of soil cohesion. For slope stability analysis of residual expansive soil, the strength parameters of the specimens with multiple wetting-drying cycles and internal fissure network should be selected according to the overburden pressure of the slope sliding surface. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the stability analysis of shallow landslide of expansive soil slope and slope protection design.
Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Knee Brace Equipped with a Shape Memory Alloy Damper
Authors: Shakiba Milad , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2022

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are some of the new materials that have attracted the attention of many engineers due to their unique behavior. The most important advantage of these materials is their superelastic behavior, which allows the alloy to return to its original shape after a large deformation. In superelastic behavior, the shape memory alloy can also dissipate a significant amount of energy while returning to its original shape. In this research, the superelastic alloy made of nitinol has been used to improve the performance of knee dampers. For this purpose, a frame equipped with a knee damper was selected as the reference model and was modelled in Abaqus numerical software and validated with an experimental model. After ensuring the correct behavior of the numerical model, the SMA damper was installed perpendicular to the knee damper, between the knee damper and the beam to column connection. In this paper, two parameters of the SMA damper cross section area and SMA length were investigated. Based on the observed results, increasing the length of SMA increases the system resistance. As the cross section area of the SMA damper increases, the effect of the SMA length on the resistance of the system increases. On the other hand, increasing the cross section area of the SMA significantly increases the recentering of the system. Due to the significant recentering that the SMA damper creates in the structure, the amount of energy dissipation of the system is reduced compared to the reference model. The amount of dissipated energy depends on the length and cross section area of the SMA damper. Thus, the longer the SMA, the greater the energy dissipation, and the lower the SMA cross section area, the lower the system energy dissipation.
Effect of Implant Positions and Angulations on Retentive Strength of 2-Implant Mandibular Overdentures: An In Vitro Study with the New 3D-Printed Simulation Method
Authors: Patil Pravinkumar G. , Seow Liang Lin , Uddanwadikar Rashmi , Pau Allan , Ukey Piyush D.
Published: September 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the retentive strength of overdenture attachments in 2-implant mandibular overdenture (2IMO) with implants placed at different positions and angulations. Materials and Methods. Edentulous mandibular models were 3D-printed using CBCT images and Materialise Mimics software and the denture models using the intraoral scanner. Two standard implants were placed parallel at different positions from midline (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm) with 0-0 degree angulations and with different distal angulations (0–5, 0–10, 0–15, 5-5, 10-10, and 15-15 degrees) at 10±mm from midline representing 10 study groups. Low-profile male attachments were attached to the implants and the female pink attachments were picked up in the denture. A total of 4 simulated overdenture model sets for each of the 10 study groups were subjected to the universal testing machine thrice to measure a peak load (N) to disengage the attachments vertically. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at 0.05 significance level. Results. Varying implant positions had a statistically significant effect on the retentive strengths of the attachments (F = 5.61,

P
=
0.002

). Peak load-to-dislodgement values (in increasing order) were 49.64 ± 8.27 N for 5 mm, 53.26 ± 11.48 N for 10 mm, 60.24 ± 12.31 N for 15 mm, and 64.80 ± 6.78 N for 20 mm groups. The retentive strength of the 20 mm group was significantly higher than 5 mm (

P
=
0.003

) and 10 mm (

P
=
0.03

) groups. Varying implant angulations had a significant effect on the retentive strengths of the attachments (F = 7.412,

P
=
0.000

). The peak load-to-dislodgement values (in increasing order) were 48.20 ± 15.59 N for 5-5 degrees, 53.26 ± 11.48 N for 0-0 degrees, 54.96 ± 8.25 N for 0–5 degrees, 57.71 ± 7.62 N for 10-10 degrees, 66.00 ± 17.54 N for 15-15 degrees, 66.18 ± 14.09 N for 0–10 degrees, and 77.38 ± 10.33 N for 0–15 degrees. Retentive strength of 0–15 degrees was significantly (

P
<
0.05

) higher than those of 0-0, 0–5, 5-5, and 10-10 degrees and that of 5-5 degrees was significantly (

P
<
0.05

) lower than those of 0–10, 0–15, and 15-15 groups. Conclusions. Retentive strength of the 2IMO increased with increase in distance of implants from midline and increased with increase in distal angulations.
Potential Assessment of E-Waste Plastic in Metakaolin Based Geopolymer Using Petrography Image Analysis
Authors: Verma Parth , Dhurvey Priyanka , Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu
Published: September 2022

Concrete’s binder can be substituted with rice husk ash, metakaolin, kaolin clay, GGBS, and other agricultural and industrial byproducts and waste materials, which lowers greenhouse gas emissions, namely carbon dioxide (CO2). When employed in the manufacturing of concrete, the aforementioned items reduce the amount of water required and have no discernible impact on the material’s long-term performance. Combination of metakaolin and class-F fly ash is taken for this experimental study to create geopolymer concrete, as both the materials are very good sources of alumino-silicates, which is the foremost requirement for the material to be the binder in geopolymer concrete. Also, the percentage replacement of crushed aggregates with crushed E-waste plastic (EWP) is are created for making the concrete eco-friendlier as the EWP is a big problem for us to dispose of it. To activate raw ingredients and mixing of concrete, alkaline solution is used, made from sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and water glass solution, i.e., sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). Low molarity metakaolin geopolymer concrete (MGPC) was created to have benefits over standard cement concrete in terms of performance, durability, and mechanical properties. This study describes the findings of a comprehensive experimental test and analysis to investigate the characteristics of MGPC-EWP with a change in different factors of the mix design. The study’s findings demonstrated that MGPC performance is closely correlated with its molarity, as the molarity increases, the mechanical strengths of the MGPC also increases. Also, the optimum percentages of the EWP are to be incorporated in the MGPC. This study also uses the petrographic image analysis to validate the geopolymerization products forms in the MGPC and check the microstructure growth of geopolymerization of particles with age. The petrographic image analysis provides photographs of the microstructure of hydration products of the samples with good details. As the petrographic microscope is very affordable as compared to the SEM setup and requires less skilled worker, it comes out to be a good approach for the microstructural analysis.