bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Edukasi Leaflet Terhadap Pemahaman Mahasiswa Semarang Tentang Vaksin PCV Pada Pencegahan Risiko Pneumonia
Authors: Sarah Hardianti , Putriningsih Riamanda , Arifin Sri Dinda , Mentari Linda
Published: October 2024

Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be prevented with vaccines, reducing the risk of death, including among young children. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of leaflets in improving understanding and educating students in Semarang about the PCV (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine) as a preventive measure against pneumonia. The research employs a quantitative descriptive design. A total of 90 respondents, who were active students from the 2017-2018 academic year and willing to participate, were involved in the study. Knowledge was measured using a validated questionnaire. Educational efforts were carried out by distributing leaflets containing information about PCV vaccination.
Pengaruh Stress, Menarche Dini dan Perilaku Konsumsi Fast-Food Terhadap Dismenore Primer pada Remaja Putri di SMPN 01 Sukabumi
Authors: Hamidah Ratih , Pertami Jurina , Daulan Lita Yazid
Published: October 2024

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs without any abnormalities in the genital organs and almost always appears for the first time in women aged 20 years or younger after their ovulation cycle has stabilized. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea worldwide is substantial, with more than 50% of women in each country experiencing menstrual pain. This study is an analytical study using a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through a survey method using questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Among 187 adolescent respondents, 137 (73.3%) experienced dysmenorrhea. Of these, 110 (58.8%) had experienced early menarche, 115 (61.5%) experienced stress, while 72 (38.5%) did not. Additionally, 141 respondents (75.4%) reported regular fast-food consumption behavior. The Chi-Square statistical test showed that the majority of dysmenorrhea cases occurred among respondents with early menarche (p-value = 0.003; OR = 2.87), those who experienced stress (p-value = 0.014; OR = 2.40), and those with fast-food consumption behavior (p-value = 0.04; OR = 2.19). There is a significant relationship between early menarche, stress, and fast-food consumption behavior and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea among female adolescents at SMPN 01 Sukabumi. Recommendation: Strategic steps should be taken to educate adolescents on healthy lifestyles, including meeting nutritional needs through a balanced diet as per the "Isi Piringku" guidelines, providing counseling to reduce potential stress, and raising awareness about the risks associated with fast-food consumption.
Hubungan Teknik Couterpressure Massage Dengan Birth Ball Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif di PMB Wilayah Kelurahan Kembangan Selatan Kota Jakarta Barat Tahun 2023
Authors: Zulfina Nora , Famayanti Arini , Hartati Fatimah
Published: October 2024

This study employed a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample size consisted of 30 respondents. The population included all laboring mothers in the first stage of labor with cervical dilation of 6–8 cm, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using counterpressure with a birth ball questionnaires and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain measurement. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test and paired t-test. The Wilcoxon test results showed a Z-value of -4.902 with an asymp.sig (2-tailed) value of 0.000 > 0.05, indicating that the data supports the conclusion that there is a significant difference before and after performing counterpressure with a birth ball. Additionally, the paired t-test revealed that the average pain level before the intervention was 8.20, while the average pain level after the intervention was 6.23. This indicates a reduction in pain intensity with a difference of 1.97, and the significance value obtained was 0.000 > 5% (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, the hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, meaning that counterpressure with a birth ball has a significant effect on reducing labor pain during the active phase of the first stage of labor. The study suggests that counterpressure using a birth ball can be used as an alternative non-pharmacological therapy for pain management during the active phase of the first stage of labor.
Legacy of the Ancestors: Revitalization of the ‘Scythian Animal Style’ in Altaian Arts and Crafts
Authors:   Katedra asijských studií, Univerzita Palackého, tř. Svobody 26, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Rep., Hejzlarová Tereza , Rychlík Martin , Soukup Martin
Published: October 2024

This study examines the so-called ‘Scythian animal style’, which has experienced a revival, particularly in contemporary Altaian arts and crafts, where it serves as a symbolic expression of ethnic identity and the Altaians' identification with the ancient Pazyryk culture of the Iron Age. The animal motifs from the Pazyryk culture, originating in the Altai region, are widely incorporated by Altaian artisans today and are used to represent and promote Altaian culture. The paper focuses on the role of this art style in Altaian crafts, exploring its interpretation and the reasons for its use from the Altaians' perspective. Alongside professional literature, the study draws primarily on data gathered during the author's field research conducted in 2018 and 2019 in the Altai Republic, Russian Federation. The theoretical framework of the study is grounded in ethnosymbolism.
Searching for Coordination between the EU Copyright Enforcement System and Content Portability: An Underestimated Challenge?
Authors:   Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Signoretta Camilla
Published: October 2024

Portability is a multifaceted concept, standing in between data law, digital consumer law and platform regulation. Considering their different rationale, portability rules can be found in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the Digital Content Directive (DCD), the Portability Regulation (PR), and the Digital Markets Act (DMA). Throughout the years, portability evolved from a prerogative of data subjects into a content regulatory tool. Therefore, its interplay with intellectual property law became progressively more complicated. Importantly, some portability provisions have been enacted in the form of obligations to be implemented by digital platforms. In this light, the intersection between digital platform regulation and portability may raise concerns. In particular, the relationship between portability and Article 17 of the Copyright Digital Single Market Directive (CDSMD) deserves particular attention. The high liability threshold set therein, and the structural deficiencies of this provision, risk pushing providers towards hyper-deterrent strategies to avoid liability, with the collateral risk of under-implementing portability duties.
Lecture littéraire en classe pour préparer les élèves à un futur incertain
Authors: Schmehl-Postaï Annette
Published: October 2024

Notre étude propose une analyse des traces du processus de compréhension (débats, écrits des élèves) lors de la lecture accompagnée en classe. Cette séquence menée auprès d’élèves de huit à neuf ans met au centre un album qui aborde des Questions Socialement Vives. L’enseignante travaille avec sa classe différentes visions du futur dans un monde incertain au moyen d’une enquête problématisante. Ce travail de compréhension-interprétation-appréciation vise à ce que les élèves s’approprient le texte avec ses spécificités (l’évolution du personnage, message appelant à l’esprit critique) en aboutissant à une lecture rhétorique qui articule dimensions épistémologiques et axiologiques.
El impacto de las redes sociales en el bienestar de los adolescentes
Authors: Virós i Martín Clara , Jiménez-Morales Mònika , Montaña Blasco Mireia
Published: October 2024

Los adolescentes pasan actualmente buena parte de su tiempo en línea y, especialmente, destaca el uso de sus teléfonos móviles y de sus redes sociales. No resulta extraño, pues, que a menudo vemos noticias en los medios de comunicación sobre el posible impacto adverso que puede tener esta conexión constante a las redes en el bienestar de los más jóvenes: un aumento en los síntomas de depresión o ansiedad, los problemas de autoestima o las autolesiones se encuentran entre los efectos citados.
A Roadmap for the Design of a Public-participation Geographic-Information System to Support Urban Ageing
Authors: Aslanoğlu Rengin , Chrobak Grzegorz , Van Hoof Joost , M. Perek-Białas Jolanta , Ivan Loredana , K.C.T. Tavy Zsuzsu , Maj Milena , K. Kazak Jan
Published: October 2024

Geospatial technologies have the potential to transform the lives of older adults by providing them with necessary tools to navigate their local communities, access services, connect with others, and access valuable information. However, the usability and accessibility of such technologies often fall short of the needs of older adults. Many existing geospatial tools are not designed with the needs and preferences of older adults in mind; this can lead to usability challenges and limit their usage. This paper explores a participatory approach in developing an inclusive geodata-collection tool that is specifically tailored to older users’ needs. The paper also highlights the importance of incorporating user-centered design principles, participatory design methods, and accessibility guidelines throughout the entire geodata-tool-development process. It also emphasizes the need for ongoing user engagement and feedback in order to ensure that the tool remains relevant and usable in the evolving digital landscape. This participatory approach has resulted in a tool that is easy to use and accessible for older adults; it is available in various languages, thus ensuring that the elderly can actively participate in the prototype’s creation and contribute to the collection of the geospatial information that reflects their lived experiences and needs.
Potential Use of Municipal Solid Waste Pile in Segawe Landfill (Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia) as Raw Material for Refuse Derived Fuel
Authors: Haruko Dalila Putri , Trihadiningrum Yulinah , Wilujeng Susi Agustina , Radita Deqi Rizkivia , Bagastyo Arseto Yekti
Published: October 2024

The Segawe municipal solid waste (SW) landfill in Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia, has currently exceeded its capacity. This study aimed to determine the potential use of dumped SW at the landfill as raw material for the production of refuse derived fuel (RDF). Buried SW samples were collected at a passive zone of the landfill in six locations. The samples were sieved using 10 and 30 mm mesh sieves. A composition analysis was conducted following the ASTM D5231-92 method to sample fractions of greater than 30 mm size. The density was measured according to the weight and volume. The moisture and volatile matter contents were analyzed using the ASTM D2216-10 and D3175-07 methods, respectively. The calorific value was measured using a Parr C3000 bomb calorimeter following the ASTM D5865 method.The buried SW composition was dominated by a fraction size that was greater than 30 mm (79.4%). This fraction was dominantly composed of plastics (71.2%) and had average volatile matter and calorific values which met RDF criteria as a fuel. However, the ash and moisture contents exceeded the standards and, therefore, required appropriate treatments before their applications.
A peptide-neurotensin conjugate that crosses the blood-brain barrier induces pharmacological hypothermia associated with anticonvulsant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties following status epilepticus in mice
Authors: Ferhat Lotfi , Soussi Rabia , Masse Maxime , Kyriatzis Grigorios , Girard Stéphane D , Gassiot Fanny , Gaudin Nicolas , Laurencin Mathieu , Bernard Anne , Bôle Angélique , Ferracci Géraldine , Smirnova Maria , Roman François , Dive Vincent , Cisternino Salvatore , Temsamani Jamal , David Marion , Lécorché Pascaline , Jacquot Guillaume , Khrestchatisky Michel
Published: October 2024

Preclinical and clinical studies show that mild to moderate hypothermia is neuroprotective in sudden cardiac arrest, ischemic stroke, perinatal hypoxia/ischemia, traumatic brain injury and seizures. Induction of hypothermia largely involves physical cooling therapies, which induce several clinical complications, while some molecules have shown to be efficient in pharmacologically-induced hypothermia (PIH). Neurotensin (NT), a 13 amino-acid neuropeptide that regulates body temperature, interacts with various receptors to mediate its peripheral and central effects. NT induces PIH when administered intracerebrally. However, these effects are not observed if NT is administered peripherally, due to its rapid degradation and poor passage of the blood brain barrier (BBB). We conjugated NT to peptides that bind the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to generate “vectorized” forms of NT with enhanced BBB permeability. We evaluated their effects in epileptic conditions following peripheral administration. One of these conjugates, VH-N412, displayed improved stability, binding potential to both the LDLR and NTSR-1, rodent/human cross-reactivity and improved brain distribution. In a mouse model of kainate (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE), VH-N412 elicited rapid hypothermia associated with anticonvulsant effects, potent neuroprotection and reduced hippocampal inflammation. VH-N412 also reduced sprouting of the dentate gyrus mossy fibers and preserved learning and memory skills in the treated mice. In cultured hippocampal neurons, VH-N412 displayed temperature-independent neuroprotective properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the successful treatment of SE with PIH. In all, our results show that vectorized NT may elicit different neuroprotection mechanisms mediated either by hypothermia and/or by intrinsic neuroprotective properties.
Protein absorption in the zebrafish gut is regulated by interactions between lysosome rich enterocytes and the microbiome
Authors: Childers Laura , Park Esther , Wang Siyao , Liu Richard , Barry Robert , Watts Stephen A , Rawls John F , Bagnat Michel
Published: October 2024

Dietary protein absorption in neonatal mammals and fishes relies on the function of a specialized and conserved population of highly absorptive lysosome rich enterocytes (LREs). The gut microbiome has been shown to enhance absorption of nutrients, such as lipids, by intestinal epithelial cells. However, whether protein absorption is also affected by the gut microbiome is poorly understood. Here, we investigate connections between protein absorption and microbes in the zebrafish gut. Using live microscopy-based quantitative assays, we find that microbes slow the pace of protein uptake and degradation in LREs. While microbes do not affect the number of absorbing LRE cells, microbes lower the expression of endocytic and protein digestion machinery in LREs. Using transgene assisted cell isolation and single cell RNA-sequencing, we characterize all intestinal cells that take up dietary protein. We find that microbes affect expression of bacteria-sensing and metabolic pathways in LREs, and that some secretory cell types also take up protein and share components of protein uptake and digestion machinery with LREs. Using custom-formulated diets, we investigated the influence of diet and LRE activity on the gut microbiome. Impaired protein uptake activity in LREs, along with a protein-deficient diet, alters the microbial community and leads to increased abundance of bacterial genera that have the capacity to reduce protein uptake in LREs. Together, these results reveal that diet-dependent reciprocal interactions between LREs and the gut microbiome regulate protein absorption.
Regulative synthesis of capsular polysaccharides in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus suis
Authors: Wang Xingye , Wang Jie , Li Ning , Fan Xin , Wang Beinan
Published: October 2024

Streptococcus suis
(
S. suis
) is an important zoonotic pathogen causing substantial economic losses in the swine industry.
S. suis
serotype 2 (SS2) is often isolated from the diseased.
S. suis
expresses capsular polysaccharide (CPS), a virulence factor crucial for their survival in the blood. However, the role of CPS in the pathogenesis of
S. suis
is incomplete. Here, we showed a dynamic regulation of CPS in
S. suis
pathogenesis. In a mouse infection model, an SS2 strain (05ZYH33) was detected in the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as early as 30 min after intranasal inoculation without bacteremia. Histological analysis revealed that 05ZYH33 in the nasal cavity invaded the olfactory epithelium, resulting in early brain inflammation. Transmission electron microscopy showed that 05ZYH33 isolated from NALT and CSF at early infection time had a thin layer of CPS, and those detected in the blood 5 h post- inoculation showed a much thicker CPS. In addition, adoptive transfer of anti-CPS restricted 05ZYH33 in the blood but not in NALT or CSF. However, an antiserum directed to multiple non-CPS virulence factors (anti-V5) efficiently inhibited 05ZYH33 in NALT, CSF, and blood. Thus, 05ZYH33 colonizes NALT more efficiently without CPS and subsequently invades the meninges through the olfactory nerve system. These findings provide valuable information for the treatment of
S. suis
infection and the development of vaccines across serotypes of
S. suis
by targeting CPS-independent immunity.
The exocyst complex controls multiple events in the pathway of regulated exocytosis
Authors: Freire Sofía Suárez , Pérez-Pandolfo Sebastián , Fresco Sabrina M , Valinoti Julián , Sorianello Eleonora , Wappner Pablo , Melani Mariana
Published: October 2024

Eukaryotic cells depend on exocytosis to direct intracellularly synthesized material towards the extracellular space or the plasma membrane, so exocytosis constitutes a basic function for cellular homeostasis and communication between cells. The secretory pathway includes biogenesis of secretory granules (SGs), their maturation and fusion with the plasma membrane (exocytosis), resulting in release of SG content to the extracellular space. The larval salivary gland of
Drosophila melanogaster
is an excellent model for studying exocytosis. This gland synthesizes mucins that are packaged in SGs that sprout from the
trans
-Golgi network and then undergo a maturation process that involves homotypic fusion, condensation and acidification. Finally, mature SGs are directed to the apical domain of the plasma membrane with which they fuse, releasing their content into the gland lumen. The exocyst is a hetero-octameric complex that participates in tethering of vesicles to the plasma membrane during constitutive exocytosis. By precise temperature-dependent gradual activation of the Gal4-UAS expression system, we have induced different levels of silencing of exocyst complex subunits, and identified three temporarily distinctive steps of the regulated exocytic pathway where the exocyst is critically required: SG biogenesis, SG maturation and SG exocytosis. Our results shed light on previously unidentified functions of the exocyst along the exocytic pathway. We propose that the exocyst acts as a general tethering factor in various steps of this cellular process.
The interplay between biomolecular assembly and phase separation
Authors: Bartolucci Giacomo , Haugerud Ivar S , Michaels Thomas CT , Weber Christoph A
Published: October 2024

Many biological functions and dysfunctions rely on two fundamental processes, molecular assembly and the formation of condensed phases such as biomolecular condensates. Condensed phases generally form via phase separation, while molecular assemblies are clusters of molecules of various sizes, shapes, and functionality. We developed a theory that relies on thermodynamic principles to understand the interplay between molecular assembly and phase separation. We propose two prototypical classes of protein interactions and characterize their different equilibrium states and relaxation dynamics. We obtain results consistent with recent in vitro experimental observations of reconstituted proteins, including anomalous size distribution of assemblies, the gelation of condensed phases, and the change in condensate volume during ageing. Our theory provides the framework to unravel the mechanisms underlying physiological assemblies essential for cellular function, and aberrant assemblies which are associated with several neurodegenerative disorders.
Exploring Intraoral Photography: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Commercially Available versus Newly Designed and Patented Contraster using Self-designed Criteria
Authors: Jaiswal Srishti , Shah Nimisha Chinmay , Rao Ajay Singh , Doshi Rohan Jiteshkumar , Mehta Jash , Choudhary Deebah
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Intraoral photography is crucial in dentistry for documentation, communication and education. Contrasters play a pivotal role, influencing patient experience and image quality. Traditional metal contrasters have limitations regarding patient friendliness and procedural compatibility. Aim: To assess ease and comfort among patients and operators and to compare the contrasting ability of commercially available contrasters with newly designed contrasters in intraoral photography. Materials and Methods: A single-blinded, cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Conservative and Endodontics and the Department of Orthodontics, KM Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, from January 2024 to February 2024. After obtaining ethical approval, 50 patients with no pain, swelling, or discomfort in the maxillary anterior region, as well as, only those operators trained in intraoral Digital Single-lens Reflex (DSLR) photography, were enrolled. Following randomisation and standard camera settings, intraoral images were captured by 50 operators using both conventional metal and newly designed 3D-printed contrasters. Patients and operators evaluated ease, comfort, contrasting ability, and the presence of a palatal gap using self-designed criteria. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0. The Chi-square test of proportion was applied to evaluate differences in proportion, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the two contrasters. A confidence interval of 95% and p-value<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference in discomfort and pain experienced by patients during the placement and removal of the contrasters between the conventional and newly designed groups (p-value<0.05). Similarly, operators reported significantly lower ease of placement and removal in the conventional group compared to the newly designed group (p-value<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference in contrasting ability was observed between the two groups (p-value>0.05). Conclusion: The newly designed contrasters demonstrated superior patient comfort and reduced pain compared to commercially available contrasters. Operators experienced easier placement with similar contrasting abilities.
Perception on Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRS) of Commonly Used Medication among Non-Allied Health Foreign Students in University of Perpetual Help System Dalta, Las Piñas Campus
Authors: Afolayan Oluwatosin Sunday , Asumah Onyeka Milicent , Ugboma Evaristus Jideofor , Basikoro Lucy Mamuyovwi , Njoku Chukwuemeka Chidindu , Uyanwune Mbanefo Chukwuewenite , Dim Victor Chidiebube , Okon Deborah , Abdul Sulaimon Olajuwon , Ezenri Gabriel , Monye Samuel Chiweike
Published: October 2024

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose significant health challenges globally and are responsible for a considerable proportion of hospital admissions and healthcare costs. Among non-allied health foreign students at the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA (UPHSD) in Las Piñas, concerns have emerged regarding ADRs resulting from the use of commonly available over-the-counter (OTC) medications. This study investigates the perception of ADRs among non-allied health foreign students on the UPHSD Las Piñas campus, focusing on their awareness of the potential effects of commonly used medications.
Aim: The study aims to access the perception on adverse drug reaction of commonly used medication among non-allied health foreign students in UPHSD Las Piñas Campus.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted among non-allied health foreign students enrolled at UPHSD-LP. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data from the participants. Chi square test was used to explore the relationship between the demographic characteristics of the students and their perceptions of ADRs.
Results: The study found that non-allied health foreign students at UPHSD Las Piñas generally lack knowledge about ADRs. Data analysis revealed a low level of awareness and reporting of ADRs among the respondents, with no significant relationship found between the students' demographic profiles and their perceptions of ADRs.
Conclusion:  The study concluded that non-allied health foreign students at UPHSD Las Piñas campus have limited knowledge about ADRs, which leads to underreporting of adverse effects and improper medication use. This lack of awareness is a concern given the prevalence of ADRs and their potentially severe consequences.
Determination of Astrocyte Reaction Using Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) Following Aluminium Chloride Induced Hippocampus Damage of Adult Wistar Male Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extracts of Carpolobia lutea at Different Doses
Authors: Clement Lawson , W. Jacks Tamunotubo , S. Ordu Kenneth , D. Orupabo Clinton
Published: October 2024

Background: Aluminium is a well-established neurotoxicant involved in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Carpolobia lutea, commonly called cattle stick or poor man’s candle belongs to the plant family polygalaceae. It is a small tree native to West and Central tropical Africa and it is one of the medicinal plants that play a major role in the health care system of developing countries such as Nigeria.
Aim of the Study: This study was aimed at investigating astrocyte reaction in aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus in adult male wistar rats treated with ethanolic extracts of C.lutea at different doses.
Materials and Methods: Thirty wistar rats weighing 180-200 g were used for this study. The animals were randomized into five groups of six rats each. Group A rats received only animal feed. Groups B,C,D and E were given 100 mg/kg bw of aluminium chloride intraperitoneally five times a week for three weeks to induce neurotoxicity.In order to reverse the neurotoxicity,. Group C was treated with 10 mg/kg bw of donepezil as standard drug while group D and E were treated with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of Carpolobia lutea respectively for 14 days. Histopathological study was done on the hippocampus of the rat brain and thereafter hematoxylin and eosin staining were carried out. Immunohistochemical studies for GFAP was done using NovocasraTM Novolink TMpolymer detection system and appropriate primary monoclonal antibodies. Image J cell counter tool was used to note the number of GFAP positive cells across all groups.
Results: The result from our histopatholological study shows that lower dose (200 mg/kg/bw) of ethanolic extract of the leaf of Carpolobia lutea have better protection on the cytoarchitecture of the CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus than 400 mg/kg/bw of the plant extract. From our study, it is evident that 200 mg/kg of Carpolobia lutea reduced the GFAP immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of AlCl3 induced neurotoxicity. When we compared the result of 200 mg/kg/bw of C. lutea with 10 mg/kg per body weight of donepezil (standard drug), it was observed that C. lutea had a slight reduced GFAP immunoreactivity than the standard drug(donepezil). The lower dose, 200 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of the leaf of Carpolobia lutea have a better neuroprotective benefit than the standard drug on the hippocampus
Conclusion: In conlusion, 200 mg/kg of Carpolobia lutea have the tendencies of protecting the neurons in the hippocampus from degenerating as a result of aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity compared to the standard drug (10 mg/kg donepezil).
The Perspective Of Psoriasis In Bangladesh: Revealing Epidemiological Insights, Disease Severity, And The Impact On Quality Of Life From A Tertiary Hospital In Chittagong
Authors: Rahat Mohammad Lutfur Rahman , Masood Mohammed Mainuddin Al , Naznin Tahmina
Published: October 2024

Background: Psoriasis, an autoimmune disorder affecting the skin and joints, poses a significant global health concern, particularly in Bangladesh. The impact extends beyond physical symptoms, affecting mental and emotional well-being. Limited research in Bangladesh hampers a comprehensive understanding of psoriasis epidemiology, clinical profiles, and quality of life implications. This study aimed to address these gaps, emphasizing their impact on an individual's quality of life. Methods and materials: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January 2022 to October 2023 at Central Skin & Social Hygiene Center, a single Specialized Health Center in Chittagong, Bangladesh recruited 156 clinically and histopathologically diagnosed psoriasis patients. Data included socio-demographics, clinical profiles, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores, and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores. Results: Among 156 enrolled patients, 147 completed the study, the mean age was 34.29 years, with ages ranging from 17 to 70 years. The male-to-female ratio of 1.77:1. The significant gender disparity in PASI scores (p = 0.035), indicates that hormones may play a role in the condition being studied. The majority (76.87%) of participants had mild psoriasis, and stress (30.61%) was a prevalent aggravating factor. Plaque psoriasis predominated (84.35%), followed by guttate (5.44%). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.7615, p < 0.001) between PASI and DLQI scores emphasized the impact of disease severity on quality of life. ANOVA results revealed a statistically significant difference in mean DLQI scores among the severity groups (F = 38.92, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study contributes comprehensive insights into psoriasis in Bangladesh, emphasizing psychosocial dimensions, gender influences, and the strong correlation between disease severity and impaired quality of life. These findings inform tailored management approaches and support strategies for psoriasis patients in the region
Pelvic Organs Prolpase : Epidemiological And Clinical Aspects In Abidjan
Authors: Corneille Saki Téa , Lamine Dia Jean-Marc , Gérard Okon , PE Bohoussou , Privat Guié
Published: October 2024

Introduction L’objectif était de préciser les particularités épidémiologiques et cliniques des prolapsus pelviens en Abidjan. Matériels et méthodes Une étude prospective analytique a été menée au service de gynécologie-obstétrique du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Treichville à Abidjan sur une période de 15 mois allant d’octobre 2022 à mars 2024. Elle incluait une série continue de toutes les patientes prise en charge pour un prolapsus des organes pelviens pendant la période. Le test de Chi deux a été utilisé pour la comparaison avec un seuil alpha fixé à 0.05 %. Résultats Sur la période d’étude 86 cas de prolapsus pelvien ont été enregistrés. La fréquence annuelle des prolapsus dans notre étude était estimée à 68,8. Le prolapsus avait concerné beaucoup plus de femme jeune : âge ≤ 50 ans (61,6%) versus âge ≥ 51 ans (38,6%) p <0,0001, les multipares (61.6 %) versus paucipares (38,4 %) p<0,0001, et les non ménopausées (64 %) versus ménopausées (36 %) p <0,0001. On notait trois cas de prolapsus sur grossesse. Les signes digestifs étaient plus fréquents que les signes urinaires. Les prolapsus de stades avancés (III et IV) étaient plus fréquents. Environ 4 femmes sur 10 avaient bénéficié d’une réparation chirurgicale de prolapsus pelvien. La voie d’abord chirurgicale était vaginale dans 78,4% des cas. Conclusion La fréquence des prolapsus est en progression en Abidjan et concernerait davantage les femmes jeunes, multipares et non ménopausées dans notre contexte.
A Review Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Prevalence In The Indian Population
Authors: Devi Uma , G Asha , I N Bindhu , Hameed Jamila , Surumi Fathima
Published: October 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is still an enigma. It is the most common disorder in about 5-18 % of women. It is associated with hyperandrogenism and menstrual disorders predisposing to metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.It is an iceberg of future catastrophe. The aim is to study the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome and pathophysiology of risk factors to avoid complications in the future. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, Research Gate and Web of Science to find published studies reporting the prevalence and diagnostic criteria for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) up to September 2024. The search utilized the following terms: "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome," "Prevalence," "Diagnostic Criteria," and "Hyperandrogenism”. The inclusion criteria for the study was based on NIH and Rotterdam for PCOS published in English till 2024.The diagnostic criteria for PCOS is changing from time to time. In 1990, the criteria by National Institute of Health was followed. In 2003, Rotterdam criteria was followed. In 2006, Androgen Excess Society criteria were given showing clinical/biochemical hyperandrogenism with either oligo/anovulation or polycystic ovaries. Results: The results showed that highest prevalence was found in West Bengal with 28% and the least in Haryana with 4.17%. Conclusion: A universal screening in general population is a must especially in developing countries due to increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome among the population especially in India.
Fillet Flap For Non-Healing Ulcer Of Foot Revisited
Authors: Shaikh Dr. Alina , Choudhary Dr. Bhavesh , Deodhar Dr. Shivani , Mhaske Dr. Sujit , Satpute Dr. Sidhaant , Kulkarni Dr. Ananta
Published: October 2024

.
Unraveling the unknown areas of the human metabolome: the role of infrared ion spectroscopy
Authors: Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Bentlage Herman , Coene Karlien L. M. , Engelke Udo F. , Wishart David , van Scherpenzeel Monique , Kluijtmans Leo A. J. , Wevers Ron A. , Oomens Jos
Published: March 2018

The identification of molecular biomarkers is critical for diagnosing and treating patients and for establishing a fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology and underlying biochemistry of inborn errors of metabolism. Currently, liquid chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are the principle methods used for biomarker research and for structural elucidation of small molecules in patient body fluids. While both are powerful techniques, several limitations exist that often make the identification of unknown compounds challenging. Here, we describe how infrared ion spectroscopy has the potential to be a valuable orthogonal technique that provides highly‐specific molecular structure information while maintaining ultra‐high sensitivity. Here, we characterize and distinguish two well‐known biomarkers of inborn errors of metabolism, glutaric acid for glutaric aciduria and ethylmalonic acid for short‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, using infrared ion spectroscopy. In contrast to tandem mass spectra, in which ion fragments can hardly be predicted, we show that the prediction of an IR spectrum allows reference‐free identification in the case that standard compounds are either commercially or synthetically unavailable. Finally, we illustrate how functional group information can be obtained from an IR spectrum for an unknown and how this is valuable information to, for example, narrow down a list of candidate structures resulting from a database query. Early diagnosis in inborn errors of metabolism is crucial for enabling treatment and depends on the identification of biomarkers specific for the disorder. Infrared ion spectroscopy has the potential to play a pivotal role in the identification of challenging biomarkers.
Representing Sudden Shifts in Intensive Dyadic Interaction Data Using Differential Equation Models with Regime Switching
Authors: Chow Sy-Miin , Ou Lu , Ciptadi Arridhana , Prince Emily B. , You Dongjun , Hunter Michael D. , Rehg James M. , Rozga Agata , Messinger Daniel S.
Published: March 2018

A growing number of social scientists have turned to differential equations as a tool for capturing the dynamic interdependence among a system of variables. Current tools for fitting differential equation models do not provide a straightforward mechanism for diagnosing evidence for qualitative shifts in dynamics, nor do they provide ways of identifying the timing and possible determinants of such shifts. In this paper, we discuss regime-switching differential equation models, a novel modeling framework for representing abrupt changes in a system of differential equation models. Estimation was performed by combining the Kim filter (Kim and Nelson State-space models with regime switching: classical and Gibbs-sampling approaches with applications, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1999) and a numerical differential equation solver that can handle both ordinary and stochastic differential equations. The proposed approach was motivated by the need to represent discrete shifts in the movement dynamics of <mml:math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mnf="http://cambridge.org/core/manifest" xmlns:cup="http://contentservices.cambridge.org" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:m="http://cambridge.org/core/metadata" xmlns:core="http://cambridge.org/core" xmlns:c="http://cambridge.org/core/content">n=29\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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MiR‐217 is involved in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer by down‐regulating CDH1 expression
Authors: Li Wei , Gao Yu‐Qiang
Published: March 2018

GC is one of the most leading malignancies all over the world, and is also the leading cause of cancer‐related mortalities. At present, GC remains difficult to diagnose at an early stage. In this study, we first detected the expression of 9 selected miRNAs in the exosomes from 67 GC patients' circular exosomes and found 4 miRNAs level was significantly altered. Meanwhile, one out of 4 candidate miRNAs also had a higher expression in the GC tissue samples, and negative correlated with CDH1 expression. Predicted by bioinformatics tools, confirmed by dual luciferase assay and immunoblotting, we identified that CDH1 is a direct target of miR‐217. MiR‐217 overexpression enhanced gastric cancer cells proliferation, and reduced exosomal CDH1 level which can be delivered into microenvironment. In conclusion, we constructed the negative correlation between miR‐217 and CDH1 level in GC patients and cells; unveiled part of the miR‐217 function during the pathogenesis of GC. These findings may give insight into understanding the mechanism of GC pathogenesis and provide new biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
How a zero trust approach can help to secure your AWS environment
Authors: Scott Barry
Published: March 2018

Today's organisations are increasingly turning to cloud computing providers to offer them the scalability and IT agility necessary to fuel a fast-moving digital and app-based business. In reality, this means operating complex hybrid IT environments featuring public cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platforms from providers such as Amazon Web Services (AWS). Yet the notion of shared responsibility is still misunderstood by some, leading to potentially fatal cyber-security gaps. To help ensure maximum protection for your data, systems and users, you need to take an identity-centric, ‘zero trust’ approach.

Today's organisations are increasingly turning to cloud computing providers to offer them the scalability and IT agility necessary to fuel a fast-moving digital and app-based business.

In reality, this means operating complex hybrid IT environments featuring public cloud infrastructure as a service (IaaS) platforms. Yet the notion of shared responsibility is still misunderstood by some, leading to potentially fatal cyber-security gaps. To help ensure maximum protection for your data, systems and users, you need to take an identity-centric, ‘zero trust’ approach, argues Barry Scott of Centrify.
We need to talk about IDS signatures
Authors: Shipulin Kirill
Published: March 2018

The names Snort and Suricata are known to all who work in the field of network security. Web application firewall (WAF) and intrusion detection system (IDS) are two classes of security systems that analyse network traffic, parse top-level protocols and signal the presence of malicious or unwanted network activity. Whereas WAF helps web servers detect and avoid attacks targeted only at them, IDS detects attacks in all network traffic.

Many companies install an IDS to control traffic inside the corporate network. The deep packet inspection (DPI) mechanism lets them collect traffic streams and identify activity by malware.

At the heart of the most common systems are signature sets used for detecting known attacks, developed by network security experts and companies worldwide. However, as Kirill Shipulin of Positive Technology demonstrates, there are ways of disrupting the operation of some IDS systems and then hiding all traces of such activity.
Femtosecond laser-induced damage threshold in snow micro-structured targets
Authors: Shavit O. , Ferber Y. , Papeer J. , Schleifer E. , Botton M. , Zigler A. , Henis Z.
Published: March 2018

Enhanced acceleration of protons to high energy by relatively modest high power ultra-short laser pulses, interacting with snow micro-structured targets was recently proposed. A notably increased proton energy was attributed to a combination of several mechanisms such as localized enhancement of the laser field intensity near the tip of $1~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ size whisker and increase in the hot electron concentration near the tip. Moreover, the use of mass-limited target prevents undesirable spread of absorbed laser energy out of the interaction zone. With increasing laser intensity a Coulomb explosion of the positively charged whisker will occur. All these mechanisms are functions of the local density profile and strongly depend on the laser pre-pulse structure. To clarify the effect of the pre-pulse on the state of the snow micro-structured target at the time of interaction with the main pulse, we measured the optical damage threshold (ODT) of the snow targets. ODT of $0.4~\text{J}/\text{cm}^{2}$ was measured by irradiating snow micro-structured targets with 50 fs duration pulses of Ti:Sapphire laser.
Sound generation by turbulent premixed flames
Authors: Haghiri Ali , Talei Mohsen , Brear Michael J. , Hawkes Evatt R.
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a numerical study of the sound generated by turbulent, premixed flames. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of two round jet flames with equivalence ratios of 0.7 and 1.0 are first carried out. Single-step chemistry is employed to reduce the computational cost, and care is taken to resolve both the near and far fields and to avoid noise reflections at the outflow boundaries. Several significant features of these two flames are noted. These include the monopolar nature of the sound from both flames, the stoichiometric flame being significantly louder than the lean flame, the observed frequency of peak acoustic spectral amplitude being consistent with prior experimental studies and the importance of so-called ‘flame annihilation’ events as acoustic sources. A simple model that relates these observed annihilation events to the far-field sound is then proposed, demonstrating a surprisingly high degree of correlation with the far-field sound from the DNS. This model is consistent with earlier works that view a premixed turbulent flame as a distribution of acoustic sources, and provides a physical explanation for the well-known monopolar content of the sound radiated by premixed turbulent flames.
Direct numerical simulation of high aspect ratio spanwise-aligned bars
Authors: MacDonald M. , Ooi A. , García-Mayoral R. , Hutchins N. , Chung D.
Published: March 2018

We conduct minimal-channel direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow over two-dimensional rectangular bars aligned in the spanwise direction. This roughness has often been described as $d$-type, as the roughness function $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}U^{+}$ is thought to depend only on the outer-layer length scale (pipe diameter, channel half-height or boundary layer thickness). This is in contrast to conventional engineering rough surfaces, named $k$-type, for which $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}U^{+}$ depends on the roughness height, $k$. The minimal-span rough-wall channel is used to circumvent the high cost of simulating high Reynolds number flows, enabling a range of bars with varying aspect ratios to be investigated. The present results show that increasing the trough-to-crest height, $k$, of the roughness while keeping the width between roughness bars, ${\mathcal{W}}$, fixed in viscous units, results in non-$k$-type behaviour although this does not necessarily indicate $d$-type behaviour. Instead, for deep surfaces with $k/{\mathcal{W}}\gtrsim 3$, the roughness function appears to depend only on ${\mathcal{W}}$ in viscous units. In these situations, the flow no longer has any information about how deep the roughness is and instead can only ‘see’ the width of the fluid gap between the bars.
Surveilling the Mind and Body: Medicalising and De-medicalising Homosexuality in 1970s New Zealand
Authors: Bennett James E. , Brickell Chris
Published: March 2018

‘Medicalisation’ of same sex relations is a phenomenon that reached its peak in the 1950s and 1960s. The rise of gay liberation produced a divisive political contest with the psychiatric profession and adherents of the orthodox ‘medical model’ in the United States and – to a lesser extent – in the United Kingdom. This socio-historical process occurred throughout the English-speaking world, but much less is known about its dynamics in smaller countries such as New Zealand where the historiography on this issue is very sparse. The methodology situates New Zealand within a transnational framework to explore the circulation of medical theories and the critical responses they were met with. The article is anchored around three key local moments in the 1970s to consider the changing terrain on which ideas about homosexuality and psychiatry were constantly rearranged during this decade. This power struggle took a number of twists and turns, and the drive toward medicalisation alternated with a new impetus to de-medicalise same-sex sexuality.