bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale Laboratory Testing of the Lateral Resistance of a Timber Tie
Authors: Mulhall Courtney , Balideh Saleh , Macciotta Renato , Hendry Michael , Martin Derek , Edwards Tom
Published: February 2018

We present a large-scale laboratory test for quantifying the lateral resistance of a timber tie in ballast for the expected range of in-service train loads in North American railway track. The test uses three configurations to evaluate the contribution of the tie-ballast base friction, crib (side) friction, and shoulder (end) resistance, respectively, to overall tie-lateral resistance. The tests use a 1.52-m (60 in.) long, 1.27-m (50 in.) wide, 0.51-m (20 in.) high, and 0.005-m (0.19 in.) thick reinforced steel box, or ballast box, filled with 0.45 m (18 in.) of base ballast. Crib and shoulder ballast is placed as required. For each test, a single timber tie is placed on the ballast and laterally pushed up to 40 mm (1.5 in.) at a loading rate of 0.05 mm/s (0.002 in./s) while vertical and horizontal loads and displacements are recorded. The test is then repeated at several vertical loads, ranging from 5 kN (i.e., the estimated weight of track superstructure) to 160 kN (i.e., the maximum potential in-service ballast load transferred to a single timber tie). The test results are used to determine the peak-lateral resistance per tie for each test and the relationship between lateral load and normal load for each test configuration. This paper details the estimation of the maximum potential in-service ballast load transferred to a single tie, the ballast box design, the test configurations, and the equipment characteristics. This paper also outlines the testing methodology and provides an example application on a ballast material, McAbee ballast, used by the Canadian National Railway Company in Western Canada.
Methods to Assess the Impact of Ballast Condition on the Track Structure
Authors: Sussmann Theodore R. , Thompson Hugh B.
Published: February 2018

The performance of ballast is a critical element for railway track structural stability. Open-graded ballast supports and surrounds railway ties, creating an open track structure subject to water infiltration. Ballast can provide good drainage, but ballast deterioration may limit drainage capacity and impact track performance and stability. Track instability problems are discussed to highlight the importance of ballast and introduce the language currently used in track safety statistics to describe these problems. Track safety statistics will be reviewed to highlight some of the problems and the challenge of describing the mechanics of these failures during accident investigations. Then, impacts of ballast on the structural stability of track will be reviewed. Conditions indicative of the identified structural performance limitations that can be imposed by poor ballast condition will be highlighted along with potential methods to measure or otherwise monitor the influence of these conditions on track support and safety.
Field Validation of Polyurethane Technology in Remediating Rail Substructure and Enhancing Rail Freight Capacity
Authors: Alsabhan Abdullah , Tinjum James , Fratta Dante , Edil Tuncer
Published: February 2018

The structural integrity of rail substructure can be compromised due to ballast fouling thus leading to poor ride quality, track instability, and potential train derailment. This problem is quite costly for the railway industry as it increases maintenance costs, creates operational downtimes, and generates conditions for potential train derailment events. A creative procedure to reduce the detrimental effects of ballast fouling is the application of polyurethane (PUR) as a void-filling and particle-bonding technology. This study assesses the use of expanding rigid PUR foam to remediate substructure deficiencies in railroad track at field-scale. The investigated site is constructed on a 3-m-high embankment, has a length of 80 m with standard rail gauge, and was historically used to stage coal cars. Field investigation profiles showed the presence of soft, wet subgrade beneath the ballast/subballast. Railway substructure condition was evaluated by measuring the track modulus (u) before and after injection. Track modulus is considered as a representative parameter to quantify the structural integrity of a railway track system. The track rating improved from a “poor” (u = 8 MPa) initial condition to an “average” (u = 15.2 MPa) condition after injection, which represents a 90 % improvement in track modulus. This field study shows the potential of using strategic injections of rigid PUR foam to remediate railway substructure in localized sections of track, such as at frogs, intersections, and bridge approaches.
Data Visualization Promotes Sound Public Health Practice: The AIDSvu Example
Authors: Valdiserri Ronald O. , Sullivan Patrick S.
Published: February 2018

The ability to depict surveillance and other complex health-related data in a visual manner promotes sound public health practice by supporting the three core functions of public health: assessment, policy development, and assurance. Further, such efforts potentiate the use of surveillance data beyond traditional public health audiences and venues, thus fostering a “culture of health.” This practice report provides several recent examples of how data from AIDSVu—an interactive map of the U.S. showing the impact of HIV at national, state, and local levels—has been used to: fine tune the assessment of HIV-related disparities at a community level, educate and empower communities about HIV and its consequences, and better target HIV interventions to reach underserved, vulnerable populations.
Choice for Drug or Natural Reward Engages Largely Overlapping Neuronal Ensembles in the Infralimbic Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Pfarr Simone , Schaaf Laura , Reinert Janine K. , Paul Elisabeth , Herrmannsdörfer Frank , Roßmanith Martin , Kuner Thomas , Hansson Anita C. , Spanagel Rainer , Körber Christoph , Sommer Wolfgang H.
Published: February 2018

Cue-reward associations form distinct memories that can drive appetitive behaviors and are involved in craving for both drugs and natural rewards. Distinct sets of neurons, so-called neuronal ensembles, in the infralimbic area (IL) of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) play a key role in alcohol seeking. Whether this ensemble is specific for alcohol or controls reward seeking in general remains unclear. Here, we compared IL ensembles formed upon recall of drug (alcohol) or natural reward (saccharin) memories in male Wistar rats. Using an experimental framework that allows identification of two distinct reward-associated ensembles within the same animal, we found that cue-induced seeking of either alcohol or saccharin activated ensembles of similar size and organization, whereby these ensembles consist of largely overlapping neuronal populations. Thus, the IL seems to act as a general integration hub for reward seeking behavior, but also contains subsets of neurons that encode for the different rewards.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCue-reward associations form distinct memories that can act as drivers of appetitive behaviors and are involved in craving for natural rewards as well as for drugs. Distinct sets of neurons, so-called neuronal ensembles, in the infralimbic area of the mPFC play a key role in cue-triggered reward seeking. However, it is unclear whether these ensembles act as broadly tuned controllers of approach behavior or represent the learned associations between specific cues and rewards. Using an experimental framework that allows identification of two distinct reward-associated ensembles within the same animal we find largely overlapping neuronal populations. Repeated activation by two distinct events could reflect the linking of the two memory traces within the same neuron.
BMP-Responsive Protease HtrA1 Is Differentially Expressed in Astrocytes and Regulates Astrocytic Development and Injury Response
Authors: Chen Jessie , Van Gulden Stephanie , McGuire Tammy L. , Fleming Andrew C. , Oka Chio , Kessler John A. , Peng Chian-Yu
Published: February 2018

Astrocytes perform a wide array of physiological functions, including structural support, ion exchange, and neurotransmitter uptake. Despite this diversity, molecular markers that label subpopulations of astrocytes are limited, and mechanisms that generate distinct astrocyte subtypes remain unclear. Here we identified serine protease high temperature requirement A 1 (HtrA1), a bone morphogenetic protein 4 signaling regulated protein, as a novel marker of forebrain astrocytes, but not of neural stem cells, in adult mice of both sexes. Genetic deletion of HtrA1 during gliogenesis accelerates astrocyte differentiation. In addition, ablation of HtrA1 in cultured astrocytes leads to altered chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expression and inhibition of neurite extension, along with elevated levels of transforming growth factor-β family proteins. Brain injury induces HtrA1 expression in reactive astrocytes, and loss of HtrA1 leads to an impairment in wound closure accompanied by increased proliferation of endothelial and immune cells. Our findings demonstrate that HtrA1 is differentially expressed in adult mouse forebrain astrocytes, and that HtrA1 plays important roles in astrocytic development and injury response.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAstrocytes, an abundant cell type in the brain, perform a wide array of physiological functions. Although characterized as morphologically and functionally diverse, molecular markers that label astrocyte subtypes or signaling pathways that lead to their diversity remain limited. Here, after examining the expression profile of astrocytes generated in response to bone morphogenetic protein signaling, we identify high temperature requirement A 1 (HtrA1) as an astrocyte-specific marker that is differentially expressed in distinct adult mouse brain regions. HtrA1 is a serine protease that has been linked to cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, a small blood vessel disease in humans. Understanding the role of HtrA1 during development and after injury will provide insights into how distinct astrocyte populations are generated and their unique roles in injury and disease.
Challenge to Promote Change: The Neural Basis of the Contextual Interference Effect in Young and Older Adults
Authors: Pauwels Lisa , Chalavi Sima , Gooijers Jolien , Maes Celine , Albouy Geneviève , Sunaert Stefan , Swinnen Stephan P.
Published: February 2018

Motor performance deteriorates with age. Hence, studying the effects of different training types on performance improvement is particularly important. Here, we investigated the neural correlates of the contextual interference (CI) effect in 32 young (YA; 16 female) and 28 older (OA; 12 female) human adults. Participants were randomly assigned to either a blocked or a random practice schedule, practiced three variations of a bimanual visuomotor task over 3 d, and were retested 6 d later. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired during the first and last training days and during retention. Although the overall performance level was lower in OA than YA, the typical CI effects were observed in both age groups, i.e., inferior performance during acquisition but superior performance during retention for random relative to blocked practice. At the neural level, blocked practice showed higher brain activity in motor-related brain regions compared with random practice across both age groups. However, although activity in these regions decreased with blocked practice in both age groups, it was either preserved (YA) or increased (OA) as a function of random practice. In contrast, random compared with blocked practice resulted in greater activations in visual processing regions across age groups. Interestingly, in OA, the more demanding random practice schedule triggered neuroplastic changes in areas of the default mode network, ultimately leading to better long-term retention. Our findings may have substantial implications for the optimization of practice schedules, and rehabilitation settings in particular.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn aging societies, it is critically important to understand how motor skills can be maintained or enhanced in older adults, with the ultimate goal to prolong functional independence. Here, we demonstrated that a more challenging random as opposed to a blocked practice environment temporarily reduced performance during the acquisition phase but resulted in lasting benefits for skill retention. In older adults, learning success was critically dependent on reduction of activation in areas of the default mode network, pointing to plastic functional changes in brain regions that are vulnerable to aging effects. The random practice context led to increased economy of brain activity and better skill retention. This provides new perspectives for reversing the negative consequences of aging.
Rapid-Response Collecting after the Pulse Nightclub Massacre
Authors: Schwartz Pam , Broadaway Whitney , Arnold Emilie S. , Ware Adam M. , Domingo Jessica
Published: February 2018

Five collections and exhibitions professionals from the Orange County Regional History Center, a history museum located in downtown Orlando, Florida, reveal their experiences developing the One Orlando Collection in the wake of the June 12, 2016, Pulse Nightclub massacre. Within days of the event, they began to collect thousands of Pulse-related objects left at public memorials or donated to the museum. Examining the origins of the project through the challenges of field collection, the effect the team’s work had on the community, decisions around exhibiting collected objects, and the professional and emotional impacts the job had on the team, this article suggests what other museum professionals in similar situations may be faced with should the unimaginable happen.
Examining the Pedagogy of Community-Based Heritage Work through an International Public History Field Experience
Authors: McGill Alicia Ebbitt
Published: February 2018

This article provides a model for an international community-based public history field experience, with a university student-engagement case study in two Belizean communities. This field experience involved experiential education, interdisciplinary research, and collaboration between American and Belizean university students; public history, cultural anthropology, and archaeology scholars; US and Belizean institutions; and community residents. Resulting products included an exhibit on local cultural heritage and educational materials. I explore the pedagogical and scholarly utility of the field experience to public history by discussing the educational process, project results, and student learning outcomes, highlighting in particular contributions to student training and engaged scholarship.
The effect of using pre-operative ketamine injection on post-tonsillectomy pain intensity in children
Authors: Dashti Khavidaki Gholamali , Keykha Aliakbar , Beirami Faranak , Khoshfetrat Masoum , Shirazian Fahimeh
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Tonsillectomy in children is associated with some major complications originating from intense post-tonsillectomy pain which can distress patients, cause swallowing difficulties and discomfort, and also lead to aspiration. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of using pre-operative ketamine injection on post-tonsillectomy pain intensity in children.
Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was carried out on 60 patients undergoing elective tonsillectomy. To this end, all the patients were anaesthetized by the same method. In the first group, 2 cc of ketamine (0.5mg/kg) solution was topically injected into the soft tissue of tonsillar fossa (peritonsillar space); in the second group, a similar administration was performed but with normal saline. For all the patients, incision was made 5 minutes after injection with the Blast Dissection Snare method. Moreover, the patients’ pain intensity and analgesics consumption were measured 30 minutes, and 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after surgery. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software.
Results: The present study was conducted on 60 patients, 37 males and 23 females, with the mean age of 9.3±3.4 years. In this respect, repeated measures analysis of variance of patients’ pain scores collected in five post-operative stages showed that pain intensity in both groups was at the highest level immediately after operation; it gradually decreased during measurement stages. However, at each measurement, the pain intensity experienced in the ketamine-treated group was significantly lower than that for the placebo group.
Conclusion: It was concluded that pre-incision topical injection of ketamine can serve as an effective method to control post-tonsillectomy throat pain.
Reliability of Tests for the Assessment of Balance, Coordination and Strength among Younger Preschool Children
Authors: Horvat Vatroslav , Bokor Igor , Palijaš Iva
Published: February 2018

Abstract The aim of this research is to determine metric characteristics of tests for the assessment of balance, coordination and strength among younger preschool children. The sample of examinees consisted of 115 children aged four (+/- 6 months). The sample of variables was made up of 9 newly designed tests for the assessment of balance (MRUJN – longitudinal standing on one leg, MRPDN – transverse standing on two legs, MRUDN – longitudinal standing on two legs), of coordination (MKTL – running with ball, MKKČ – circle on all four, MKTČ – running to cones) and strength (MSČ15 – squats in 15 seconds), MSIM – medicine ball throw, MSSV – high jump). KS test was used to examine the normality of distributions. The reliability of measuring instruments was determined by Cronbach’s Alpha (α). Homogeneity was calculated by the average correlation between items (IIr). Sensitivity of the newly designed tests was assessed by the measures of skewness (Skew) and the level of kurtosis (Kurt) of the results, whereby factorial validity was determined by factor analysis. The results obtained indicate good metric characteristics of tests for the assessment of coordination (MKTL, MKKČ, MKTČ) and strength (MSSV). On the basis of the achieved results, one may conclude that it is possible to reliably measure coordination and explosive strength, such as jump, whereas the tests for assessing balance and other types of strength have to be more precisely defined, so satisfactory metric characteristics would be obtained in the repeated study.  Key words: four-year-olds; metric characteristics; motor skills
Relation Between Body Composition and HRQOL in Primary School Children
Authors: Halasi Szabolcs , Lepeš Josip , Stajer Anita , Cvetković Milan
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe dramatic rise in the prevalence of obesity in developed and in developing countries became a major health care concern. There is an increasing recognition of the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and obesity in the pediatric population. Subjective experience of own health, and how children see their own lives is also very important. Children with an increased amount of body fat have negative perception of the HRQOL than those who have normal amount of body fat.181 children participated in this study (mean age  7.71 (0.29) years, 88 girls). For the assessment of  the body composition the InBody 230 device was used, while for the assessment of HRQOL the proxy version of KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between the body composition HRQOL in children of primary school age.The analysis of the results showed that BMI is in significant negative correlation with the two dimensions of HRQOL in boys (Psychological Well-being and School), while in girls there is no statistically significant relationship. The correlation between the Percentage of Body Fat (PBF) and HRQOL is significant and negative in boys in 4 dimensions (Physical Well-being, Psychological Well-being, Social Support & Peers, School), while in girls it is negative and significant only in one dimension (Physical Well-being).The results suggest that there are changes in the body composition of children, such as increased BMI and BFP, reduced HRQOL, i.e. the obesity is in inverse relationship to HRQOL.Keywords: body composition; HRQOL; primary school children.
Identificación molecular de aislamientos de Fusarium asociados a maracuyá en el Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Henao-Henao Edwin David , Hernandez-Medina Carlos Alberto , Salazar-González Claudia , Velasco-Belalcazar Martha Lucia , Gómez-López Eyder Daniel
Published: February 2018

The passion fruit’s production in Colombia has shown great advances; however, phytosanitary diseases remain as issues in passion fruit production. This includes the pathogens that hinder the establishment and development of the crop, such as some species of the genus Fusarium, pathogen considered as an important one because of the economic losses that it generates. The objective of this work was to molecularly identificate the populations of Fusarium associated with passion fruit (Passiflora edulis). Between January and December 2015, an isolation of 35 samples based on different affected organs of the plant and from localities found in five municipalities was performed in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Eight isolates were selected and purified in order to perform their DNA’s extraction and also an amplification of region TEF 1 alpha. The PCR products were sequenced and compared with the NCBI database and Fusarium ID. The results obtained by sequencing showed that the isolates belong to Fusarium incarnatum, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium proliferatum, the first species had a mayor occurrence in the tested samples. The analysis of phylogenetic relationships was achieved by using the 6 MEGA program, and by using the similarity coefficient nearest neighbor, which allowed to observe the variability among the evaluated isolates.
La importación literaria a finales del siglo XIX en Colombia: el caso de José Asunción Silva
Authors: Zapata Juan
Published: February 2018

Silva es considerado como una figura emblemática de los procesos de apropiación de las corrientes artísticas que dieron origen al modernismo. Sin embargo, los pocos textos publicados durante su vida no permiten dar cuenta de dicho proceso de importación. Si aceptamos que existe en el poeta una voluntad de asimilar los modelos literarios provenientes de Europa, debemos contemplar la posibilidad de que la transferencia silvana se haya efectuado por otros soportes distintos a los libros o la prensa. Nuestra hipótesis es que el cenáculo se convirtió para el colombiano en el soporte ideal para desplegar una “postura” que encarnará los ideales estéticos de la modernidad literaria.
Mística y poesía: una aproximación a la obra de Carlos Obregón (1929-1963)
Authors: Granja Hidrobo Daniel
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se aborda la obra poética de Carlos Obregón (1929-1963), Distancia destruida (1957) y Estuario (1961), para confrontar la escasa crítica alrededor de su obra que lo ha rotulado con el calificativo de “poeta místico”, y tomar precisamente esta categoría analítica como punto de partida para esta investigación. Esto con el fin de demostrar que la poética obregoniana no es expresión de una experiencia mística, sino la afinidad que hay entre un místico por unirse a Dios y un poeta que aspira a la palabra unificadora entre el canto y el silencio.
Cartografías de violencia: centros, provincias y circulación transnacional en El ruido de las cosas al caer, de Juan Gabriel Vásquez
Authors: Henao Uribe Luis
Published: February 2018

El ruido de las cosas al caer (2011), la exitosa novela de Juan Gabriel Vásquez, reproduce una cartografía discursiva que históricamente ha ordenado a Colombia según una relación centro-provincias, retomando los discursos liberales del siglo XIX sobre población y territorio. Esta división permite una lectura desde el mundo angloparlante que, si bien se aleja de aquella del realismo mágico, reproduce el imaginario de Latinoamérica como una región que oscila entre lo paradisíaco y lo salvaje, consecuente con las tendencias de traducción del momento.
Volver a La obra del sueño. Diálogo (y excursos) con Fernando Cruz Kronfly
Authors: Henao Jaramillo Simón
Published: February 2018

A comienzos de junio del 2017, mientras hacía una estancia de investigación en Bogotá, contacté vía correo electrónico al escritor Fernando Cruz Kronfly, autor de novelas como Falleba, La ceniza del Libertador y Destierro, entre otras...
Entrevista com José Rivair Macedo: a consolidação do campo de História da África Antiga no Brasil
Authors: Macedo José Rivair
Published: February 2018

Entrevista com José Rivair Macedo: a consolidação do campo de História da África Antiga no Brasil.
Apuleio 'extrarius' na cidade de Oea: disputas familiares e conflito cultural na África Proconsular
Authors: Lima Neto Belchior Monteiro
Published: February 2018

A grande identificação de Apuleio como magus, geralmente nos leva a compreender os fatos ocorridos com ele em Oea somente pelo viés de sua associação à magia, o que, em nossa opinião, restringiria bastante nossas interpretações. Uma parte considerável da oposição da elite oeaense contra Apuleio extrapolava questões esotéricas e miraculosas, relacionando-se, mais especificamente, ao fato de o autor ter sido considerado um homo extrarius, um forasteiro que rompera o lugar social a ele destinado na cidade. A compreensão de tais acontecimentos parte, em alguma medida, da análise da intromissão de Apuleio em questões atinentes a heranças, dotes e alianças familiares e políticas, que nos auxiliam no entendimento da própria animosidade vertida contra Apuleio no ambiente citadino de Oea.
Lire et débattre autour d’une application hypermédiatique de littérature pour la jeunesse à l’école primaire : étude exploratoire
Authors: Acerra Eleonora , Louichon Brigitte
Published: February 2018

L’article rend compte d’une expérience de lecture hypermédiatique réalisée en contexte scolaire, auprès de deux classes de CM1-CM2 en France, à partir de l’application Moi, j’attends (France Télévision, 2013), adaptation de l’album éponyme de D. Cali et S. Bloch (2005). Via l’analyse d’un questionnaire écrit et des propos tenus lors des deux débats interprétatifs, sont notamment interrogées la réception et la compréhension-interprétation de l’œuvre littéraire numérique, l’actualisation d’un parcours de navigation et la restitution que les lecteurs.trices font rétrospectivement de leur appréhension, choix et mouvements sur écran.
Causes of Education Wastage and Mitigation Strategies In Public Secondary Schools In Kitui Central Sub County In Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: Kaume-mwinzi Regina K.
Published: February 2018

Education
is a vital tool in the developmental process of any given nation and therefore
a critical examination of any lack thereof is essential for it has a bearing at
both individual and national front.  The
purpose of this study therefore was to investigate the causes of education
wastage and mitigation strategies in public secondary schools in Kitui central
sub county in Kitui County, Kenya.  A
case study design was used and qualitative interviewing was used to gather
qualitative data.  Quota sampling was
used to select boys, girls and mixed public secondary schools and further used
to select one  school from each subgroup. Criterion purposive sampling was
used to select two students from the boys’ and girls’ schools sampled and
one boy and one girl from the sampled mixed public secondary
school.  The sample size was six respondents: 3 boys and 3 girls.  The
findings revealed that the causes of education wastage in public secondary
schools in Kitui central sub county in Kitui County, Kenya are pertinent issues
that need concerted effort of the education stakeholders in the region in order
to sort them out.  The findings further
revealed that the mitigation strategies proposed are applicable and can
minimize education wastage
Examination of causes and Effects of Anxiety on Secondary School Students’ Poor Academic Performance in Mathematics
Authors: Sule Samuel Sardauna
Published: February 2018

The

purpose of the study was to examine the causes of anxiety on secondary school

students’ academic performance in mathematics in Karu Local government Area of

Nasarawa State, Nigeria. It is incontrovertible that mathematics is seen as

difficult subject and as a situation that makes individual appears stupid and

dumb. Parents, teachers and some significant people are attributing factor to

this ugly experience. But sometimes, they indicate that mathematics skills are

very significant for future success. Survey research design was employed for

the study. In order to provide a focus in the study, two research questions

were stated. Students questionnaire was used to collect the data from the

sampled of one hundred and eighty students (180). Simple percentage analysis

was used to determine the percentage response. The result of analysis revealed

that student's poor performance in mathematics is militated by anxiety. It also

revealed that the students’ anxiety in mathematics was caused by mathematics

teachers, parents, boredom and learning difficulty, society, lack of adequate

resources, test and examination, lack of confidence towards mathematics,

altogether with students themselves. Therefore, some recommendations for

possible solution were made
Расширение состава индикаторов результативности регионального управления с учетом состояния теневого сектора
Authors: Новенькова Аида Зуфаровна
Published: February 2018

В статье сформулирована авторская трактовка системы показателей состояния теневого сектора экономики, учитывающая качество публичного управления. Дополнена существующая система показателей оценки эффективности деятельности органов исполнительной власти региона в части включения определяющих перспективы развития региона показателей эффективности, результативности и качества регулирования теневой экономики, деятельности судебной власти и деятельности органов законодательной власти региона.
Self-assessment of health-related quality of life in adults involved in regular physical activity
Authors: Dębska Małgorzata , Dębski Paweł , Miara Adrian
Published: February 2018

Wstęp

Badanie jakości życia związanej ze zdrowiem jest przejawem koncentracji współczesnych nauk medyczno-społecznych na działaniach profilaktycznych, związanych z promocją zdrowia. Badania takie uzupełniają obiektywne wskaźniki stanu zdrowia o charakterze medycznym o subiektywne odczucia osób badanych. Wyniki badań zaprezentowane w publikacjach z tego zakresu dotyczą głównie populacji osób chorych, u których rozpoznano stany chorobowe o różnej etiologii. W kontekście promocji zachowań zdrowotnych szczególnie istotne jest także badanie jakości życia osób zdrowych, zaangażowanych w kultywowanie aktywności fizycznej.

Materiał i metody

Badaniami objęto 75 osób dorosłych (kobiety n = 24, mężczyźni n = 51), członków stowarzyszeń promujących rekreacyjną aktywność fizyczną z terenu Zagłębia Dąbrowskiego (osoby regularnie aktywne fizycznie). Jako narzędzie badawcze wykorzystano polską wersję kwestionariusza The Short Form Health Survey w wersji drugiej (SF-36v2).

Wyniki

Aspekt fizyczny jakości życia został oceniony mniej korzystnie (70,0 ± 5,0 pkt) od aspektu psychicznego (87,0 ± 14,9 pkt). Istotną statystycznie różnicę pomiędzy badanymi kobietami (61,0 ± 4,6 pkt) i mężczyznami (64,0 ± 3,3 pkt) zaobserwowano w podskali: „ograniczenia roli − problemy fizyczne”. Średnie wyniki samooceny jakości życia związanej ze zdrowiem członków badanych stowarzyszeń były wyższe od wartości średnich obserwowanych u dorosłych Polaków.

Wnioski

Członkowie stowarzyszeń promujących rekreacyjną aktywność fizyczną z terenu Zagłębia Dąbrowskiego prezentują wyższe średnie wyniki w zakresie jakości życia związanej ze zdrowiem od średnich wyników populacji polskiej. Wysoka ocena zdrowia psychicznego przez badanych może być związana z pozytywnym związkiem aktywności fizycznej z samopoczuciem, co wykazano w licznych badaniach. Członkowie stowarzyszeń nawiązują ze sobą relacje interpersonalne, co może sprzyjać wysokiej ocenie funkcjonowania społecznego.
A New Framework to Evaluate Urban Design Using Urban Microclimatic Modelling in Future Climatic Conditions
Authors: Mauree Dasaraden , Coccolo Silvia , Perera Dasun , Nik Vahid , Scartezzini Jean-Louis , Naboni Emanuele
Published: February 2018

Building more energy efficient and sustainable urban areas that will both mitigate the effect of climate change and adapt for the future climate, requires the development new tools and methods that can help urban planners, architect and communities achieve this goal. In the current study, we designed a workflow that links different methodologies developed separately, to derive the energy consumption of a university school campus for the future. Three different scenarios for typical future years (2039, 2069, 2099) were run as well as a renovation scenario (Minergie-P). We analyse the impact of climate change on the heating and cooling demand of the buildings and determined the relevance of the accounting of the local climate in this particular context. The results from the simulations showed that in the future there will a constant decrease in the heating demand while for the cooling demand there will be a significant increase. It was further demonstrated that when the local climate was taken into account there was an even higher rise in the cooling demand but also that the proposed renovations were not sufficient to design resilient buildings. We then discuss the implication of this work on the simulation of building energy consumption at the neighbourhood scale and the impact of future local climate on energy system design. We finally give a few perspective regarding improved urban design and possible pathways for the future urban areas.
A New Framework to Evaluate Urban Design Using Urban Microclimatic Modelling in Future Climatic Conditions
Authors: Mauree Dasaraden , Coccolo Silvia , Perera Amarasinghage Tharindu , Nik Vahid , Scartezzini Jean-Louis , Naboni Emanuele
Published: February 2018

Building more energy efficient and sustainable urban areas that will both mitigate the effect of climate change and adapt for the future climate, requires the development new tools and methods that can help urban planners, architect and communities achieve this goal. In the current study, we designed a workflow that links different methodologies developed separately, to derive the energy consumption of a university school campus for the future. Three different scenarios for typical future years (2039, 2069, 2099) were run as well as a renovation scenario (Minergie-P). We analyse the impact of climate change on the heating and cooling demand of the buildings and determined the relevance of the accounting of the local climate in this particular context. The results from the simulations showed that in the future there will a constant decrease in the heating demand while for the cooling demand there will be a significant increase. It was further demonstrated that when the local climate was taken into account there was an even higher rise in the cooling demand but also that the proposed renovations were not sufficient to design resilient buildings. We then discuss the implication of this work on the simulation of building energy consumption at the neighbourhood scale and the impact of future local climate on energy system design. We finally give a few perspective regarding improved urban design and possible pathways for the future urban areas.
Side Attacks on Stegosystems Executing Message Encryption Previous to Embedding
Authors: Korzhik Valery , Nguyen Cuong , Fedyanin Ivan , Morales-Luna Guillermo
Published: February 2018

There are introduced two new steganalytic methods not depending on the statistics of the cover objects, namely side attacks stegosystems. The first one assumes that the plaintext, encrypted before embedding, is known by the attacker. In this case, the stegosystem’s detection is based on the calculation of mutual information between message and extracted encrypted data. For this calculation, a notion of the k-nearest neighbor distance is applied. The second method is applied to HUGO, one of the most efficient steganographic algorithms. In this case the stegosystem’s detection is based on a verification of the NIST tests to the extracted encrypted messages. Moreover, we show that the problem to find a submatrix of­ the embedding matrix determining a trellis code structure in the HUGO algorithm provides a search of the stegokey of the proposed stegosystem.
Converting the Literature of a Scientific Field to Open Access Through Global Collaboration: the Experience of SCOAP3 in Particle Physics
Authors: Kohls Alexander , Mele Salvatore
Published: February 2018

Gigantic particle accelerators, incredibly complex detectors, an antimatter factory and the discovery of the Higgs boson – this is part of what makes CERN famous. Only a few know that CERN also hosts the world largest Open Access initiative: SCOAP3. The Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics (SCOAP3) started operation in 2014 and has since supported the publication of 19,000 Open Access articles in the field of particle physics, at no direct cost, nor burden, for individual authors worldwide. SCOAP3 is made possible by a 3,000-institute strong partnership, where libraries re-direct funds previously used for subscriptions to ’flip’ articles to ’gold Open Access’. With its recent expansion, the initiative now covers about 90% of the journal literature of the field. This article describes the economic principles of SCOAP3, the collaborative approach of the partnership, and finally summarizes financial results after four years of successful operation.
EFEK PROBIOTIK DAN SELUBIOSE TERHADAP VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS (VFA) DAN NH3 RUMINAL DOMBA GARUT
Authors: Supiyani Atin
Published: February 2018

The composition of feed can improve and optimize the fermentation in sheep rumen. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of probiotic and cellobiose to rumen fermentation of sheep. Four adult (weight ±13.5 kg) rumen fistulae sheep were used. The fed given were King grass (Pennisetum purpureum), rice bran and soybean meal that are protected by formaldehyde 0.3% as base feed. Fed treatment were probiotics (0,5% and 1%) and cellobiose (1 ppm and 3 ppm). Parameters measured were pH, N-NH3 and VFA concentration of rumen fluid at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours after feeding with Completely Randomized Design Factorials 4x5 and continued with Duncan test (α=0,05). The ruminal pH range for all treatments between 6.27 - 6.89. The maximum N-NH3 concentration value has been reached at 2 hours after feeding 12.25-18.75 mM. At 0 hours, the total VFA concentration was at an average value of 294.91 mg% and then increased at 2-6 hours reaching its maximum value in the range 661.97-767.70 mg% (p<0.05). The addition of probiotics and cellobiose can optimize rumen fermentation of sheep.
UJI KETAHANAN NILAM TERHADAP Synchytrium pogostemonis PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUDOK DAN POTENSI PENGENDALIANNYA DENGAN PESTISIDA NABATI
Authors: Yuliyanti Tri , Hartati Sri Yuni , Indrayanti Reni
Published: February 2018

Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan tanaman semak penghasil minyak atsiri yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Budidaya tanaman nilam memiliki kendala yaitu adanya serangan kapang Synchytrium pogostemonis penyebab penyakit budok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketahanan 3 varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok, dan mengetahui efektivitas dari formula tunggal dan campuran minyak mimba dan seraiwangi terhadap kejadian penyakit budok dan pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua percobaan: 1) Efektivitas metode infeksi dan uji ketahanan tiga varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok di rumah kaca, dan 2) Uji efektivitas minyak atsiri formula tunggal maupun campuran mimba dan seraiwangi sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap penyakit budok. Hasil percobaan efektivitas metode infeksi menujukkan bahwa metode perendaman akar tanaman dalam inokulum budok selama satu jam lebih efektif menginfeksi penyakit budok dibandingkan dengan metode penyiraman ke media tanam. Hasil uji ketahanan nilam varietas Sidikalang, Patchoulina 1 dan Patchoulina 2 menunjukkan bahwa varietas Patchoulina 1 lebih rentan terhadap penyakit budok karena menimbulkan keterjadian penyakit (KeP) dan keparahan penyakit (KP) hingga 20%, dengan karekter pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman yang lebih rendah dibandingkan varietas lain yang diuji. Sedangkan diantara minyak atsiri yang diujikan, formula minyak atsiri campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) konsentrasi 0.5% lebih efektif dalam mengurangi penyakit budok, namun efektivitasnya masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan fungisida benomil 0,3% dan bubur bordo 0,1%. Aplikasi formula minyak atsiri secara signifikan tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan nilam, sehingga formula campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) 0,5% dapat digunakan untuk mengontrol penyakit budok pada tanaman nilam.
21. YÜZYILDA DEMOKRASİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ: BİR LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ
Authors: BARIŞ Serap , ERDOĞMUŞ Mehmet
Published: February 2018

Demokrasi ve ekonomik performans arasındaki
ilişkiler sosyal bilimciler özellikle de ekonomistleri son birkaç yüzyıldır
ilgilendiren konulardandır. Ancak son dönemlerde özellikle Orta Doğu’da yaşanan
demokratikleşme hareketleri, demokrasi ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin
yeniden gündeme gelmesine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma ile demokrasi ile
gelişme-büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen farklı görüşleri sunarak, iki
kavram arasındaki ilişkinin daha belirgin hale getirilmesine katkı sağlamak ve
özellikle ampirik çalışmalar ışığında 21. yüzyılda bu ilişkinin nasıl olduğunu
(varlığı/yokluğu, yönü, derecesi) irdelemek amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan kuramsal ve
ampirik değerlendirmede, genel anlamıyla ekonomik büyüme açısından demokratik
kurumların daha elverişli (olumlu) olduğu söylenebilir. Bu sonuç, demokrasi ile
ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif ilişki olduğunu ifade eden Bağdaşma Yaklaşımını desteklemektedir. Türkiye’de
demokrasi-ekonomik büyüme ilişkisini araştıran az sayıda çalışma
incelendiğinde, uluslararası literatürdeki her üç görüşe uygun sonuçların elde
edildiği görülmüştür.
BEBEK PATLAMASI, X VE Y KUŞAĞI YÖNETİCİLERİN ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK DÜZEYLERİNİN KAMU VE ÖZEL SEKTÖR FARKLILIKLARINA GÖRE İNCELENMESİ: BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKA Bahattin
Published: February 2018

Kuşaklararası
farklılıkları kavramı, yaklaşık yirmi beş, otuz yıllık zaman aralıklarında
doğmuş, büyümüş ve aynı dönemin sosyal, politik, tarihi ve ekonomik şartlarını
birlikte yaşamış, benzer bakış açılarına sahip olmuş insan grupları arasında
yaşanan farklı bakış açılarını ifade etmektedir. Günümüz dünyasında
birbirlerinden farklı özelliklere sahip beş kuşağın varlığı kabul edilmekte ve
bu kuşaklardan üç tanesi aktif olarak iş yaşamında görev yapmaktadır. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, Bebek Patlaması, X ve Y kuşak yöneticilerinin
örgütsel bağlılık düzeylerinde, kamu ve özel sektör farklılığının etkili olup
olmadığının belirlenmesi ve kuşak yaklaşımının varlığına yönelik bilimsel bir
bakış açısı kazandırmaktır. Bu
bağlamda; Kasım 2016 ve Şubat 2017
ayları arasında, İzmir
ilinde kamu ve özel sektörde faaliyet gösteren farklı büyüklük ve yapıdaki 35
kuruluşta çalışan 357 yöneticiye bir anket
formu uygulanmıştır. Anket formu, söz konusu örneklem grubun demografik
özellikleri ile kuşak farklılıklarına yönelik algılarını ölçmek amacıyla
hazırlanan soruların yanında Allen ve Meyer (1990) tarafından geliştirilen üç
boyutlu örgütsel bağlılık ölçeğinden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen
bulgular istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiş, kamu ve özel sektör kuruluşlarında çalışan
yöneticilerin kuşak farklılıklarına bakış açıları ve örgütsel bağlılık
düzeylerine yönelik güçlü ve anlamlı düzeyde bulgular elde edilmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE REKABET ALANINDA YAPILAN LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERE YÖNELİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Oral Kara Nurdan , Yeşilaydın Gözde , Hancıoğlu Yasemin
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı,
stratejik yönetimin önemli konularından biri olan rekabet ile ilgili
Türkiye’deki üniversitelerde yapılmış olan lisansüstü tezlerin incelenmesidir.
Bu kapsamda çalışmada 2010-2017 yılları arasında, sosyal bilimler alanında yapılan lisansüstü
tezler incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, tezlerin % 68,75’i yüksek lisans tezi,
%93,1’i Türkçe, %23,1’i 2010 yılında yürütülmüş, en fazla çalışılan üniversite
Marmara Üniversitesi, anabilim dalı ise işletmedir. Rekabet konusu 2016 yılında
doktora tezlerinde daha fazla kullanılmıştır. Nicel yöntemlerden frekans
analizi, korelasyon analizi, faktör analizi, Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ve
Kümeleme Analizi, nitel yöntemlerden ise Elmas Modeli sıklıkla kullanılmıştır.
En yaygın kullanılan veri toplama aracı ankettir. Rekabet ile ilgili
stratejiler, rekabet gücü ve avantajı, rekabette sürdürülebilirlik ve
uluslararasılaşma konularına yoğunlaşılmıştır. Rekabet ile birlikte en
sık kullanılan ilk beş kavram/konu ana tema olarak sırasıyla performans,
inovasyon/yenilik, kümelenme/dışsal ağlar ve pazarlamadır. İncelenen tezlerin
%13,29’u birden fazla sektörde faaliyet gösteren işletmelerde; %12,03’ü Turizm,
Konaklama, Yiyecek-İçecek Hizmetleri sektöründe, %10,13’ü ise İş ve Yönetim sektöründe
uygulanmıştır.
ŞEHİR HASTANESİNDE HASTA MEMNUNİYETİ ARAŞTIRMASI: ISPARTA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÖKKAYA Durmuş , İZGÜDEN Dilruba , ERDEM Ramazan
Published: February 2018

Hasta memnuniyeti,
sağlık kurumlarının önemli kalite ve performans göstergeleri arasında yer
almaktadır. Hasta memnuniyetinin sağlık kurumları açısından bu denli önemli
oluşu kavramı birçok çalışmaya konu yapmıştır. Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı
kapsamında sağlık sektöründe meydana gelen reformlardan biri de Şehir
Hastaneleri projesidir. Şehir hastaneleri, Kamu-Özel Ortaklığı modeliyle
finansmanı sağlanarak hayata geçirilmiştir. Bu geçiş sürecinden çalışanlar
kadar hastalar da etkilenmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı Isparta Şehir
Hastanesinde hizmet alan hastaların memnuniyet düzeylerini tespit etmektir.
Aynı zamanda örnekleme dâhil edilen hastaların Devlet Hastanesi, Gülkent
Hastanesi ve Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesinin Isparta Şehir
Hastanesine dönüşmesine dair görüşlerinin belirlenmesi de bir diğer amaç olarak
ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında hasta memnuniyeti dört farklı boyutta,
fiziksel ortam, genel memnuniyet, personel memnuniyeti ve zaman boyutlarında
ele alınarak, hastaların memnuniyet düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Hastaların bu dört
boyut çerçevesinde hastaneden oldukça memnun oldukları tespit edilmiştir.
Özellikle şehir hastanesinde kullanılan araç gereçlerin kalitesi, muayene
odalarının rahatlığı, hijyen koşulların uygunluğu, hastanenin fiziki görünümü
ve ferahlığı hastaları memnun eden faktörler arasındadır. Diğer yandan hasta
memnuniyetini düşüren başlıca faktörler arasında şehir hastanesine ulaşım
sorunu, tıbbi sekreterlerin olmaması, 
hastane içi karışıklık/büyüklük, hastane içi ulaşım, otopark ve kantin
vb. yer almaktadır.