bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk faktörlerinin arteriovenöz fistüllerde anevrizma oluşumu üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesinde yeni bir yaklaşım: Karar ağacı metodu
Authors: KARAKAYA Emre , AKDUR Aydıncan , YÜCEBAŞ Sait , BEYAZPINAR Deniz Sarp
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Vasküler anevrizmalar; arteriyovenöz fistüllerde geç dönemde görülen ve hayatı tehdit eden bir komplikasyondur. Bizim bu çalışmadaki amacımız arteriyovenöz fistüllerde anevrizma gelişimine neden olan risk faktörlerini karar ağacı yöntemi ile değerlendirerek risk algoritması oluşturmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Merkezimizde 2016-2020 yılları arasında arteriyovenöz fistül ameliyatı yapılan 520 hastanın demografik verileri, ek hastalıkları (diabetes mellitus, koroner arter hastalığı, hipertansiyon, kalp yetmezliği) ve anevrizma durumları retrospektif olarak belirlendi. Anevrizma oluşumu üzerindeki risk faktörleri karar ağacı metodu ile incelendi.

Bulgular: Hastaların 68 (%13) tanesinde anevrizma geliştiği tespit edildi. Oluşturulan algoritmada anevrizma gelişiminde en önemli risk faktörü arteriyovenöz fistülün lokalizasyonu iken kalp yetmezliğinin anevrizma gelişimi açısından bir etkisi olmadığı görüldü.

Sonuçlar: Oluşturduğumuz algoritmaya göre hastanın değerlendirilmesi, yapılacak arteriyovenöz fistül ameliyatlarında anevrizma gelişim riskini doğru bir şekilde belirleyebilir ve bu riski en aza indirgeyebilir.
Silver nanoparticles – possible applications and threats
Authors: Kędzierska Marta , Miłowska Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

Silver is known for its biocidal properties. This metal has been used for decorations and food preservation since ancient times and has also been used in medicine. Silver foil has been used to cover wounds and burns. In addition, silver solutions were created to help fight the microorganisms responsible for causing infections, which helped the wound healing process. Currently, to increase and optimize the properties of silver, it is used on a nanometric scale. Nanosilver, due to its expanded spectrum of properties, is used in many economic sectors, including in the production of disinfectants and food films, as well as in animal farms. Nanoparticles are also the basis of nanomedicine action. Creating new drug complexes with nanosilver and modifying the medical materials used in implantology or dentistry allow the lives of many people to be saved every day. In addition, nanosilver particles are commonly used as a specific disinfectant in the production of hospital materials: dressings, bandages, surgical masks, hospital clothing and shoes, and equipment. With the growing use of nanosilver, there are concerns about its harmful effects on living organisms, because not all its mechanisms of action are known. As is well known, the dose determines the toxicity of a given substance; the case is similar for nanosilver. However, is the dose providing antibacterial and antifungal properties non-toxic to animals and humans? This review presents a summary of the scientific research showing the scope of nanosilver activity and the resulting threats.
Application of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) in the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
Authors: Tarach Piotr
Published: September 2021

Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) is a technique used to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on the recognition of restriction sites by restriction enzymes. RFLP-PCR is an easy-to-perform and inexpensive tool for initial analysis of SNPs potentially associated with some monogenic diseases, as well as in genotyping, genetic mapping, lineage screening, forensics and ancient DNA analysis. The RFLP-PCR method employs four steps: (1) isolation of genetic material and PCR; (2) restriction digestion of amplicons; (3) electrophoresis of digested fragments; and (4) visualisation. Despite its obsolescence and the presence of high-throughput DNA analysis techniques, it is still applied in the analysis of SNPs associated with disease entities and in the analysis of genetic variation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). RFLP-PCR is a low-cost and low-throughput research method allowing for the analysis of SNPs in the absence of specialised equipment, and it is useful when there is a limited budget.
TANÁROK NYELVI AGRESSZIÓJA
Authors: BARTHA Krisztina , VIRÁG Ibolya Dalma
Published: September 2021

A verbális agresszió gyakori jelenség a társas érintkezés során, melyet a gyermekek, hasonlóan más viselkedésekhez, többnyire a környezetükben tanulnak meg, ezért nem mindegy, hogy milyen mintákat látnak maguk körül. Kutatásunk célja az volt, hogy feltérképezzük az iskolai agresszió egy specifikus vetületét, a tanár-diák kapcsolatban a tanárok nyelvi agressziójának jelenlétét, ennek okait és mértékét. A kutatásban egy online kérdőívvel dolgoztunk, melyet 153 felnőtt személy töltött ki, akik iskolai élményeikre vonatkozóan válaszoltak a verbális agressziót feltáró kérdésekre. Az eredmények alátámasztják azt a feltételezésünket, mely szerint a tanári kommunikációban megjelenik a verbális agresszió. A válaszadók szerint ennek a legfőbb oka, hogy a tanárok nem ismernek más nevelési, fegyelmezési eljárásokat. A válaszok rávilágítanak arra is, hogy a tanulók irányába megjelenő verbális agresszió elsősorban a teljesítményük minősítésén alapszik.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MEMBENTUK BUDAYA ISLAMI DI MA NASYATUL MUTA’ALLIMIN I GAPURA TIMUR, SUMENEP
Authors: Susanto Edi , Hosnani Hosnani
Published: September 2021

A school is where the internalization of religious culture to the students, so that they have a strong fortress in forming a noble character. Application of Islamic culture in an institution not be separated from the role of head of the school where the principal is responsible for the smooth implementation of education and teaching in School. The principal must be resourceful in the lead group and the delegation of duties and authorities. In the administration of activities contains in it the functions of planning, organizing, staffing, and supervision. A successful prinsipal is a participal who understand about any factors which make him be able to lead a school so that facilitate him in determining steps to make the success come true including the success in shaping islamic culture.
Avaliação da acurácia da informação em sites de saúde: Métodos para construção de indicadores baseados em evidência
Authors: Paolucci Rodolfo , Pereira neto André de Faria , Nadanovsky Paulo
Published: September 2021

O problema da qualidade da informação de saúde na Internet tem sido apontado nas últimas duas décadas. Para lidar com esse problema, a avaliação de sites realizada por profissionais, pesquisadores e instituições tem se configurado como um novo campo de pesquisa e ação. Uma das principais questões nesse campo está relacionada aos critérios de avaliação. Acurácia é o critério mais utilizado, mas identificamos um problema em sua definição e aplicação: admitir consenso entre especialista como parâmetro de qualidade. Entretanto, o consenso não garante um resultado atual e correto. Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos métodos orientados pela medicina baseada em evidência para construção de indicadores de acurácia. O conjunto de métodos desenvolvido compreende sete etapas: estratégia de busca, seleção da fonte de informação baseada em evidência, coleta e seleção de tópicos, desenvolvimento da primeira versão de indicadores, análises dos grupos, dos tópicos e dos indicadores. Nossos métodos garantem o desenvolvimento de indicadores de acordo com as melhores e atuais evidências científicas. Eles resolveram o problema do critério acurácia para o campo de avaliação da qualidade da informação em sites de saúde e viabilizaram a proposição de uma nova definição. Os resultados desta pesquisa preenchem lacunas no conhecimento do campo e orientam pesquisas e ações futuras, pois são replicáveis para qualquer assunto de saúde.
KRİZ DÖNEMLERİNDE YARATICI BİR İLETİŞİM OLARAK TROLLER VE CAPSLER: COVID-19 ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Dilan
Published: September 2021

Mizah ve mizahi anlatım her dönem literatürde ilgi odağı olmuştur. Olayların gülünç, alışılmadık ve çelişkili yönlerini yansıtarak insanı düşündürme, eğlendirme ya da güldürme amacıyla hazırlanan ürünlerde mizah urumlar arasındaki çelişkilerin açığa çıkarılması pratiğine dayanmaktadır. Çalışmada son dönemlerde önemine yapılan vurgunun ve eleştirel zeminde gerçekleşen çalışmaların hızla arttığı konulardan birisi olan trol ve trol kültürü kriz iletişimi döneminde incelenmiştir. Bu yolla, söz konusu çalışmada https://www.boomsocial.com/ üzerinden Türkiye’deki fenomenler sıralamasında üçüncü sırada yer alan ve genellikle trol paylaşımlarıyla öne çıkan cezmikalorifer isimli kullanıcının Instagram hesabının COVID-19 tedbirleri kapsamında Türkiye’de vaka tespitleri ve kısıtlamaların gündeme geldiği ilk hafta olan 16 Mart 2020 ve 28 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasındaki paylaşımları trol kültürü ve yaratıcı kültür öğesi olarak troller açısından göstergebilimsel açıdan incelenmiştir. Buna ilaveten çalışmanın örneklem birimi olarak söz konusu tarih aralığındaki paylaşımların tamamının COVID-19 ile ilgili olması örneklemin daraltılmasında bir kıstas olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu yolla, çalışmada 16 Mart 2020 ve 28 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında cezmikalorifer Instagram hesabında yayınlanan 102 (n=102) paylaşım incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden belge analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve paylaşımlara yönelik içerik analizi uygulanmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ ULUSAL GAZETELERDE EKONOMİ HABERCİLİĞİNİN MEVCUT BOYUTU: SABAH, SÖZCÜ VE AKŞAM GAZETELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YÜKSEL Hakan
Published: September 2021

Gazete mecraları toplumu bilgilendirme bağlamında medya olgusunun önemli bir parçasını teşkil etmektedir. Dolayısıyla mevcut içerikleriyle okuyuculara ulaşarak görevini ifa eden gazeteler; politikadan spora, kültürden sanata ve magazinden aktüel gelişmelere kadar geniş bir haber ağını bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Ekonomi haberciliği de gazetelerin önemli bir içerik parçası olarak kabul görmektedir ve gerek ulusal gerekse ulus ötesi iktisadi gelişmeleri yansıtabilmesi ekseninde ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Zira bireyler ekonomik gelişmeleri takip edebilmek ve bir senteze varabilmek açısından yazılı basını etkin bir medya aracı olarak değerlendirebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte gazeteler aracılığıyla güvenilir bilgileri elde etme ihtiyacı güden bireyler, ekonomik gelişmelere her türlü manipülasyondan uzak biçimde erişmeyi istemektedir. Bu minvalde yürütülen mevcut çalışmanın merkezini ekonomi haberciliği oluşturmaktadır ve gazetelerdeki ekonomi haberciliğinin boyutunu bilimsel çerçevede aktarabilmek amacıyla tirajı yüksek ulusal gazeteler, araştırma sürecinde örneklem olarak alınmıştır. İlgili amaç doğrultusunda içerik analiziyle Sabah, Sözcü ve Akşam gazetelerinin ekonomi haberciliğine dair içerikleri irdelenmiştir. Netice olarak elde edilen veriler nitel ve nicel bağlamda sunulmaya çalışılmıştır ve grafikler/tablolar üzerinden tartışılmıştır.
RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA CIDADE DE PEROBAL – PR
Authors: Ornellas Sandra Dos Santos , Migliozzi Bruna Fernanda Barbado , Barbado Norma
Published: September 2021

A gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos pode influenciar na qualidade de vida da população e na preservação do meio ambiente. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo principal diagnosticar e refletir sobre o processo de gestão dos resíduos sólidos urbanos de Perobal, situado no noroeste do Paraná, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caso, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, organizado em três etapas: 1- levantamento de dados primários e secundários; 2- exploração do material; 3- tratamento dos resultados. Os dados obtidos demonstraram que, apesar dos bons resultados nos indicadores de qualidade de vida, são necessárias as seguintes providências no gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos: adequações no Plano de Gerenciamento Integrado de Resíduos Sólidos do município; exigência de implantação e fiscalização de Planos de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos nos estabelecimentos comerciais; adequações no aterro sanitário para melhor organização dos resíduos e realização de processos de compostagem; projetos de educação ambiental devem ser desenvolvidos em ambiente formal e não formal, no intuito de informar e sensibilizar a população quanto à importância da separação correta dos resíduos sólidos.
ANÁLISE DA VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIRA DA ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICA EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Authors: Barbosa Soares Cícero Allan , De Nadae Jeniffer , Do Nascimento Diego Coelho
Published: September 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise da viabilidade econômico-financeira da instalação de um sistema gerador de energia solar fotovoltaica em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) no Estado do Ceará. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, analisando o payback descontado, o valor presente líquido (VPL) e a taxa interna de retorno (TIR). Os resultados confirmaram que o projeto da instalação de energia solar fotovoltaica, além de ser uma alternativa para reduzir custos e propiciar a ampliação da matriz energética, é viável considerando os dados projetados. O retorno do investimento se dá em 6,0 anos. No final do vigésimo quinto ano o VPL será de R$ 1.895.585,00, com uma TIR de 20,29%. A economia na geração de energia acumulada pelo sistema solar ao longo dos 25 anos será de aproximadamente R$ 5,3 milhões. Tão importante quantovalidar esta pesquisa, é garantir que este modelo atenderá também às demandas sociais de sustentabilidade, assunto de importância na conjectura para o desenvolvimento regional. O resultado encontrado pode ainda incentivar que as demais IES localizadas geograficamente próximas ao campus da IES em estudo adotem esta solução.
Thomas Hobbes i teologia polityczna władzy suwerennej
Authors: Wielomski Adam
Published: September 2021

Tekst ten stanowi moją osobistą polemikę z tradycyjną interpretacją teorii politycznej Thomasa Hobbesa, zwykle uznawaną za ateistyczną i stanowiącą jedno ze źródeł filozofii oświecenia. W mojej ocenie Hobbes jest nieortodoksyjnym kalwinem, woluntarystą i fideistą religijnym, podczas gdy jego idea stanu natury i umowy społecznej stanowią wyłącznie teoretyczny model państwa. Jako fideista i woluntarysta kalwiński, Hobbes jest zwolennikiem gomaryzmu, czyli nieortodoksyjnie kalwińskiego uznania wolnej woli ludzkiej. Jego wizja suwerenności stanowi, że ludzka władza polityczna jest pochodna wobec wizji wszechmogącego Boga. Oto klasyczny przykład teologii politycznej sformułowanej przez Carla Schmitta w XX stuleciu. Główną teologiczno-polityczną analogią w dziele Hobbesa jest ta, że władza ludzka stanowi tylko refleks władzy Stwórcy. Dla tego kalwina władza Boska jest nieodparta, nieograniczona przez prawa natury. Teologiczno-politycznym refleksem nieodpartej władzy Boga jest równie nieodparta władza suwerena, która nie może być ograniczona przez konstytucję, prawa fundamentalne czy ustawy. Dla Hobbesa, wszelka władza ludzka jest jedynie refleksem Boskiej nieodpartej władzy. W wizji tego angielskiego filozofa mamy więc moc suwerena ustanowienia narodowego wyznania i podjęcia decyzji o kościele, dogmatach, rytach i liturgii, jego monopol na decyzje polityczne i administracyjne, negację konstytucjonalizmu, zakaz oporu i penalizację zbrodni ateizmu, stanowiącego negację nieodpartej władzy Boga, a w konsekwencji, tejże samej władzy króla, skoro suweren jest Imago Dei.
Postautorytarna trauma jako czynnik sprawczy przemian mechanizmu przedawnienia roszczeń w Polsce. Część 1
Authors: Kuźmicka-Sulikowska Joanna
Published: September 2021

Trauma po życiu w państwie autorytarnym, a w istotnym okresie — wręcz totalitarnym, spowodowała, że wiele instytucji funkcjonujących wówczas w polskim prawie na fali przemian ustrojowych z 1989 roku i związanych z nimi modyfikacji obowiązujących regulacji prawnych zostało zastąpione rozwiązaniami neoliberalnymi, często w ramach ogólnej tendencji do odrzucania naleciałości postradzieckich i przyjmowania w ich miejsce konstrukcji wzorowanych na rozwiązaniach zachodnioeuropejskich. Proces ten nie ominął przepisów dotyczących przedawnienia roszczeń majątkowych. Przejawiło się to między innymi w odejściu od modelu, w ramach którego upływ terminu przedawnienia roszczenia był uwzględniany przez sąd z urzędu, i zastąpieniu go rozwiązaniem dopuszczającym branie tej okoliczności przez sąd pod uwagę tylko w razie podniesienia zarzutu przedawnienia przez podmiot, przeciwko któremu dane roszczenie przysługuje. W niniejszym artykule podjęto tę problematykę, aby pokazać ciekawą ewolucję, jaka nastąpiła w tym zakresie, zarówno w kontekście praktyki stosowania prawa, jak i następnie zmian ustawodawczych. Zasługuje ona na uwagę, ponieważ przyjęte liberalne rozwiązanie okazało się nie do końca odpowiadać potrzebom społecznym, sądy w swym orzecznictwie przyjęły możliwość oceniania, czy podniesienie przez pozwanego zarzutu przedawnienia nie stanowi nadużycia prawa, a dodatkowo nastąpił tu — przynajmniej częściowy (w zakresie roszczeń dochodzonych przez przedsiębiorców od konsumentów) — powrót do rozwiązania przewidującego uwzględnianie przez sąd jednak z urzędu upływu terminu przedawnienia dochodzonego przed nim roszczenia. Przyjęta w 1990 roku liberalna konstrukcja została więc, jak dotąd częściowo, wyparta przez rozwiązanie funkcjonujące w ustroju autorytarnym, na co niewątpliwie miał wpływ opiekuńczy, prosocjalny charakter tego ostatniego rozwiązania, wpisujący się też dobrze w aktualne nurty populistyczne.
Z uwagi na konieczność poruszenia w ramach tak zakreślonej tematyki rozważań kilku wątków tekst został podzielony na dwie części. W pierwszej pokazana została przemiana wspomnianego rozwiązania normatywnego, dokonana w 1990 roku, a także podstawowe aspekty wiążące się z funkcjonowaniem dwóch konkurujących w rozważanej kwestii rozwiązań, to jest uwzględnianiem przez sąd upływu terminu przedawnienia z urzędu bądź na zarzut pozwanego. W drugiej części pokazano natomiast kolejne przemiany funkcjonowania rozwiązania przyjętego w 1990 roku aż do wskazania obecnie obowiązującej regulacji w analizowanym zakresie wraz z refleksjami na temat ewolucji odnośnych rozwiązań prawnych.
OSTRACODS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE LOWER-MIDDLE JURASSIC DEPOSITS OF YAMAL (NORTH OF WEST SIBERIA)
Authors:   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Glinskikh L. A.
Published: September 2021

Ostracods are an effective tool for dissecting and correlating Mesozoic sedimentary strata in closed areas. However, the degree of geologic certainty of ostracods from the marine Lower-Middle Jurassic deposits of West Siberia is very weak. The paper presents the results of monographic and biostratigraphic studies of the Jurassic ostracod complexes of the Yamal Peninsula. 5 stratigraphically important species are described, and images are given for 6 forms. The biostratigraphic division of the Lower and Middle Jurassic of West Siberia by ostracods is substantiated. In the Pliensbachian – Bajocian, a sequence of 6 biostratons was traced by ostracods in the rank of layers with characteristic species: layers with Ogmoconcha longula; with Camptocythere (C.) mandelstami; with Camptocythere (C.) foveolata (established by the author); with Camptocythere (C.) nordvikensis; with Camptocythere (A.) spinulosa; with Camptocythere (A.) arangastachiensis. The West Siberian ostracod biostratons are compared with divisions of the zonal scale for the ostracods of East Siberia, which was developed on natural outcrops of the Jurassic and is сorrelated to the scales for ammonites and other groups of macro- and microfauna.
Germany and the European Union After the Epoch of Chancellor Angela Merkel
Authors: Vasil'ev V.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the political legacy of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and in what way the new German government might possibly use it dealing with the transformation of the country and modernization of the European Union. The new political coalition with possible participation of the Green Party will preserve the continuity of the German foreign policy course for strengthening the European Union, deepening the transatlantic partnership, for active cooperation between Berlin and Paris, as well as for inclusion of Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine into the Euro-Atlantic area. The European sovereignty is the main focal point in Berlin. The Conference on the Future of Europe examines it, as well as other evolution issues. The updated legal framework of the EU, feasible strengthening of the European Parliament positions could help transform the European Union into a weighty actor in the polycentric world. Only powerful, relatively sovereign EU is able to secure the “European way of life”. Judgments about the disintegration of the European Union are far from reality. The EU margin of safety and resistance are quite impressive, primarily due to the economic potential of Germany. However, it is really difficult to predict how the European Union will get out of the crisis caused by Covid 19. American concessions to the Germans on the Nord Stream 2 project mean Biden’s serious attitude towards Merkel and Germany – the leader in the EU and one of the important NATO allies. The conditions for Russia’s return to the “European club”, for example, through the revival of M. Gorbachev’s new political thinking in Moscow, indicate rather an illusory desire. There is another, more pragmatic approach. The single European cultural and historical matrix of Greater Europe, communication between the leaders of the Russian Federation, Germany, France and the USA, the economic foundation of contacts, as well as mutual sympathies between Russians, Germans, Europeans give reason to hope for a turn for the better. The chances of a unification agenda remain. Perhaps, it will be used by future generations of politicians, experts of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany without preconditions, on the basis of reasonable compromises. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement 075-15-2020-783).
FRG and Biden's Transatlantic Strategy: Unsolved Problems and New Challenges
Authors: Kokeev A.
Published: September 2021

This article addresses the most significant changes in German-American relations since the election of J. Biden; unveils the main factors influencing Berlin’s transatlantic policy in relations with Russia and China; analyzes approaches to the climate agenda and problems associated with the fulfillment of Germany’s allied obligations in NATO; reveals new trends in Germany’s approach to the issue of strategic autonomy of the EU; investigates the discrepancies on security issues between the main German parties ahead of the parliamentary elections in September 2021. The first steps of the Biden administration to normalize the transatlantic ties undermined by Trump (the return of the United States to participation in international negotiations and organizations) were seen in Berlin as evidence of significant changes in Washington’s positions on international problems of vital importance to Germany. At the same time, Berlin has no illusion that with the arrival of Biden, transatlantic relations will once again be the same as they were before Trump’s presidency. The most important stumbling block in the beginning process of resetting the transatlantic relations was the set of problems associated with the completion of the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline construction. It is clear that Biden is just as harshly rejecting this project as his predecessor did, and will continue to obstruct its commissioning. After the elections to the Bundestag in September 2021, the internal political situation in Germany may change significantly. In any case, the Nord Stream 2 issue will remain a subject of disputes and serious disagreements between Germany, the USA, the EU and Russia for a long time. In Germany it is assumed that in the coming decades, the transatlantic agenda will be largely determined by the growing influence and policy of China, and the relationship between the United States and the EU with China will affect not only the economic interests of the FRG, but also the sphere of its security. The climate agenda today remains one of the few areas where it is possible not only to revive the transatlantic interaction, but also to intensify cooperation between the United States, the EU, China and Russia with an eye to interaction in solving other problems, not necessarily related to the climate agenda. The most important U.S. demand for Germany remains an increase in its material and financial contribution to NATO. Berlin’s readiness to meet these requirements has increased significantly. However, the thesis that the Europeans are faced with a choice – a course towards strategic autonomy or restoration of close ties with Washington and reliance on the United States and NATO – seems simplified. Representatives of all German parties are unanimous in the opinion that the renewal of the transatlantic partnership, which has begun under Biden, will be accompanied by a reduction in American commitments in Europe. Therefore, the EU will have to invest more in its own security and (in the longer term) strategic autonomy.
On Variable Speed of Light and Relativity of Constantaneity
Authors: Jamali Alireza
Published: September 2021

An axiomatic theory is proposed that reconciles the existence of an absolute scale for time (Planck time) and special relativity. According to this theory speed of light c becomes a variable which is proposed to be taken as the fifth dimension.
Physical-Mechanical Behavior and Water-Barrier Properties of Biopolymers-Clay Nanocomposites
Authors: Calambas Heidy Lorena , Fonseca Abril , Adames Dayana , Aguirre-Loredo Yaneli , Caicedo Carolina
Published: September 2021

The preparation of new materials based on starch for the development of biodegradable packaging is increasing, however, the poor properties of this biopolymer for this application causes an area of opportunities for the improvement of water vapour permeability (WVP), mechanical properties, thermal properties, hydrophilicity, water absorption, among others. Hence, starch has been combined with other polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, which has shown an improvement in the mechanical properties of starch, also, the use of clays suggests that the properties of response to water can be improved. Therefore, in this work, the preparation and characterization of starch-PVA-nanoclay films prepared by solvent casting is reported. The results obtained suggest that the sonication of nanoclay is necessary to reach a good dispersion, which promotes a strong interaction among starch-PVA-nanoclay. In addition, the properties of WVP and mechanical properties of films improved with incorporation of nanoclay, the concentration of 0.5% w/v of nanoclay showed to be the best concentration due to concentrations of 1.0 and 1.5% w/v were poorer than 0.5% w/v. Accordingly, the successful incorporation of nanoclays into the matrix starch-PVA suggests that this material is a good candidate for use as packaging.
Sentiment Analysis of Current Reports Texts with Use of Cumulative Abnormal Return and Deep Neural Network
Authors: Wujec Maciej A.
Published: September 2021

The deep neural network - BERT model (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and the stocks cumulative abnormal return is used in this article to analyze the sentiment of financial texts. The proposed approach, unlike those used so far, does not require the creation of dictionaries, takes into account the broad context of words and their meaning in financial texts, eliminates the problem of ambiguity of words in various contexts, does not require manual labelling of data and is free from the subjective assessment of the researcher. The sentiment of financial texts in the meaning presented in this paper is directly related to the market reaction to the information contained in these texts. For texts belonging to one of the two classes (positive or negative) with the highest probability the BERT model gives the results of predictions with a precision level of 62.38% for the positive class and 55% for the negative class. The results at this level can be used in event study, market efficiency research, investment strategy development or support of investment analysts using fundamental analysis.
Squirrels and Tribes – A Cultural Analysis From Indian Eastern Himalayas
Authors: Chetia Hiranmoy , Chatakonda Murali Krishna , Koprowski John L.
Published: September 2021

Based on an ethnozoological study carried out from December 2018 to November 2019, this paper attempts to document the usage of squirrel species for various purposes by the Adi, Idu Mishmi, Miju Mishmi, Tangsa, Chakma and Monpa tribe living near the villages adjoining the protected areas located in the districts of East Siang, Lower Dibang Valley, Dibang Valley, Lohit, Changlang and West Kameng of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The paper also describes the use of certain squirrel species as a part of their traditional culture and lists their names in English, Vernacular and Latin names. The study has led to an understanding that eight squirrel species are used by the tribes for cultural, food and medicinal purposes. This work contributes to ethnozoological research by describing a knowledge system of squirrel species use and the association of squirrel species with the cultural believes of the tribes.
Transcriptional Regulatory Role of NELL2 in Preproenkephalin Gene Expression
Authors: Kim Han Rae , Kim Dong Hee , Ha Chang Man , Choi Jungil , Park Jeong Woo , Ojeda Sergio R. , Jeong Jin Kwon , Lee Byung Ju
Published: September 2021

Preproenkephalin (PPE) is a precursor molecule for multiple endogenous opioid peptides Leu-enkephalin (ENK) and Met-ENK, which are involved in a wide variety of modulatory functions in the nervous system. Despite the functional importance of ENK in the brain, the effect of brain-derived factor(s) on PPE expression is unknown. We report the dual effect of neural epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like-like 2 (NELL2) on PPE gene expression. In cultured NIH3T3 cells, transfection of NELL2 expression vectors induced an inhibition of PPE transcription intracellularly, in parallel with downregulation of protein kinase C signaling pathways and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Interestingly, these phenomena were reversed when synthetic NELL2 was administered extracellularly. The in vivo disruption of NELL2 synthesis resulted in an increase in PPE mRNA level in the rat brain, suggesting that the inhibitory action of intracellular NELL2 predominates the activation effect of extracellular NELL2 on PPE gene expression in the brain. Biochemical and molecular studies with mutant NELL2 structures further demonstrated the critical role of EGF-like repeat domains in NELL2 for regulation of PPE transcription. These are the first results to reveal the spatio-specific role of NELL2 in the homeostatic regulation of PPE gene expression.
Antiproliferative Activity of Stokesia laevis Ethanolic Extract in Combination with Several Food-Related Bioactive Compounds; In Vitro (CaCO2) And in Silico Docking (TNKS1) Studies
Authors: Neagu Georgeta , Stefaniu Amalia , Albulescu Adrian , Pintilie Lucia , Pirvu Lucia Camelia
Published: September 2021

In this study, five polyphenol compounds (reference substances, ref.) were added to Stokesia laevis (Slae26) ethanolic extract (5 mg GAE / mL) in order to test their antiproliferative effects on human colon tumor cell line Caco-2 (ATCC-HTB-37). The five phenolics (ref.) are luteolin-7-O-glucoside (orientin), luteolin-8-C-glucoside (cinnaroside), caffeic acid, gentisic acid and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and they were combined in ratio 1:1 between the active compounds in samples (GAE : ref.). Results indicated certain antiproliferative effects of Slae26 (IC50=36 μg GAE/mL sample), of the five reference compounds, but mainly of Slae26 combinations with the five phenolics tested (ref.). Punctually, there were obtained IC50 values around 5 μg/mL sample, signifying real therapeutic usefulness and antitumor potency of Slae26 combinations with the five food bioactive compounds tested. In silico docking studies provided potential therapeutic agents to inhibit the catalytic domain of human tankyrase 1 (TNKS1) in the series of food bioactive compounds tested, and revealed luteolin-7-O-glucoside high effectiveness.
Characterizing Rain Cells as Measured by a Ka-band Nadir Radar Altimeter: First Results and Impact on Future Altimetry Missions
Authors: Picard Bruno , Picot Nicolas , Dibarboure Gérald , Steunou Nathalie
Published: September 2021

The impact of large atmospheric attenuation events on data quality and availability is a critical aspect for future altimetry missions based on Ka-band altimetry. The SARAL/AltiKa mission and its Ka-band nadir altimeter offer a unique opportunity to assess this impact. Previous publications (Tournadre et al. 2009, 2015) already analyzed the impact of rain on the waveforms at Ka-band and proposed a definition of an elaborate rain flag. This notion tends to give a simpler black and white view of the atmospheric attenuation when the effect on the altimeter measurement is intense. But in practice, there is continuum of measurements that may be partially distorted or corrupted by rain events. The present study proposes a wider point of view , the ACECAL approach providing statistics on rain cells occurrences as well as their amplitude and their size, as guidelines for future Ka-band missions concerning the impact of the atmosphere. At global scale, 1 % of the measurements are affected by an attenuation larger than 23 dB and 10 % of the atmospheric attenuation events have a size larger than 40 km. This study demonstrates that the data quality and availability over some regions of particular interest for oceanography as Gulf Stream, North Pacific and Brazil currents could be affected compared to global statistics. It also opens some perspectives on the benefits that the community could be drawn from the systematic distribution of the rain cells parameters as secondary products of altimetry missions.
SEKTOR PERTANIAN DALAM DINAMIKA TRANSFORMASI STRUKTURAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Setyanti Axellina Muara
Published: September 2021

Indonesia is a country that has relied on the agricultural sector as an economic base for decades. On the other hand, the more developed an economy is, the higher the reserves in the service sector. Despite this declining GDP, agriculture is still very important to the Indonesian economy, even though it is 14 percent of GDP. This study analyzes structural transformation through shift-share analysis. It looks at the tendency of labor to enter the agricultural, manufacturing and service sectors using probit regression on Sakernas microdata. This study found that the service sector continues to grow and outperforms the agricultural sector both in terms of added value and employment. The results of the shift-share show shrinkage in the productivity of agricultural sector while the manufacturing and service sectors are growing. This fact proves a change in economic structure. The characteristics of the agricultural sector labor force have a higher tendency for male workers, live in rural areas, are relatively older and have fewer family members, are less educated, do not have training certification, and have no previous work experience.

service sector, agricultural sector, manufacturing sector, probit, structural transformation
NILAI TAMBAH KEDELAI MENJADI TAHU KUNING DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHINYA
Authors: Yosifani Dinda Yunita , Satriani Ratna , Putri Dindy Darmawati
Published: September 2021

One of the home industries for processing soybeans into tofu is located in Kalisari Village, which has been producing since 1965. This business serves as a diversification of the business that can increase household income. This study aims to 1) determine the added value of soybeans obtained by producers, 2) determine the distribution of the added value of soybeans to yellow tofu, and 3) determine the factors that affect the added value of soybean on yellow tofu production. The research was conducted on tofu producer in the Sari Delai Group in Kalisari Village, Cilongok Sub-district, Banyumas Regency in June-July 2020. Then added value analysis is carried out by using the method of Hayami and multiple linear regression. The results showed that 1 kg of soybean raw material used for yellow tofu will provide an added value of Rp. 11,628.00. The distribution of added value for labor income was 13.38 percent, other input contributions by 18.54 percent and for profit 68%. The production capacity, raw materials, labor, output price and other input contributions have significant effect on the added value of yellow tofu production. In contrast, labor wage and raw material prices have no effect on the added value of yellow tofu production.
Threatened, endangered, and at-risk species for consideration into climate change models in the Northeast
Authors: Jung Jacob , Guilfoyle Michael , Davis Austin , Saltus Christina , Britzke Eric , Fischer Richard
Published: September 2021

This special report provides a selection process for choosing priority species using the specific focus of high-elevation, forested habitats in the North Atlantic to demonstrate the process. This process includes criteria for choosing invasive species to incorporate into models, given the predicted spread of invasive plant species because of climate change. Discussed in this report are the US Army Corps of Engineers’ Threatened and Endangered Species Team portal, the US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Information for Planning and Consultation Portal, the nonprofit organization Partners in Flight’s watch list, the US Geological Survey’s Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation model, and NatureServe’s interagency effort Landfire. The data linked this montane habitat with a species of conservation concern, Cartharus bicknelli and the endangered squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus as target species and with Elaeagnus umbellate, Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhamnus cathartica, and Acer planoides as invasive species. Incorporating these links into the climate change framework developed by Davis et al. (2018) will create predictive models for the impacts of climate change on TER-S, which will affect land management decisions in the region.
CONHECIMENTO E ATUAÇÃO DE CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS E ESTUDANTES DE ODONTOLOGIA FRENTE À VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER, COM ÊNFASE NA NOTIFICAÇÃO COMPULSÓRIA.
Authors: Luz Maria Fernanda Silva da , Loreto Denise Bolten Lucion , Barros Beatriz Alvares Cabral de
Published: September 2021

Apesar do aprimoramento no combate à violência contra a mulher, o número de casos aumenta. O cirurgião-dentista, pela proximidade no atendimento clínico e a possibilidade de comprovar as agressões físicas sofridas na face do paciente, exerce um relevante papel na notificação dos casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os conhecimentos e atitudes de cirurgiões-dentistas e graduandos em Odontologia sobre a notificação obrigatória em casos de violência contra a mulher e definir a necessidade da ênfase neste assunto nos cursos de Odontologia. Foi realizada a pesquisa observacional, transversal, quantitativa através de questionário no Google Forms®. Os resultados mostram que 65% desconheciamnotificação compulsória; 67,7% relataram confortáveis para fazê-la, mas apenas 5,4% já a fizeram e 99,1% afirmaram achar necessário que este assunto seja mais discutido nos currículos de graduação. O estudo alerta que a maioria não conhece sobre notificação compulsória, sendo importante enfatizar nos currículos de graduação a obrigatoriedade da notificação em casos de violência contra a mulher, e assim, contribuindo para a redução de casos de violência contra a mulher.
New Insights into Regional Correlation and Sedimentology, Arab Formation (Upper Jurassic), Offshore Abu Dhabi
Authors: Al Silwa Mohammed S. , Kirkham Anthony , Simmons Michael D. , Twombley Bryan N.
Published: September 2021

Correlation uncertainties within the Arab Formation reservoirs of the Ghasha-Bu Tini field were resolved with a combined biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic study. A chronostratigraphic framework was established based on the type and reference localities elsewhere on the Arabian Peninsula. Construction of a regional biozonation scheme for the entire Arab Formation resulted in a downward shift of the Arab C-D unit boundary by approximately 100 feet in the field, which was reconcilable with a lithological change from anhydrite to dense limestone at that stratigraphic horizon.

As a result of the modified Arab C-D boundary, younger boundaries in the Arab Formation were adjusted. These secondary adjustments were assisted by the identification of lithological markers such as thrombolitic horizons, charophytic bands and distinctive anhydrite layers. These horizons were constrained (in a broad sense) by the new biozonation scheme. Ghasha-4 is introduced as a candidate reference well for the Arab Formation of western Abu Dhabi and could be used to adjust reservoir boundaries in other fields. In this manner, not only could regional consistency be ensured, but further insights in exploration could be gained.

Evidence for the occurrence of subaqueous sulphate deposits is discussed. Subaqueous anhydrites comprising palisades of subvertically orientated nodules exist at all levels within the upper Arab Formation, but the case is made for thicker, nodular anhydrites interbedded with subtidal stromatolites also having formed subaqueously.
The Tectonic Evolution of Interior Oman
Authors: Loosveld Ramon J.H. , Bell Andy , Terken Jos J.M.
Published: September 2021

The evolution of Oman’s onshore sedimentary basins from the Late Precambrian to the Present is reflected by six tectono-stratigraphic units. Unit I, the Precambrian basement, represents continental accretion. Units II and III, Infracambrian to Ordovician, may reflect two periods of rifting, possibly related to Najd movements in western Saudi Arabia. The northeast-southwest trending salt basins formed during this time interval. A classical “steer’s head” basin geometry is developed in North Oman, whereas a less complete rift-sag sequence is preserved in South Oman. Of the entire time-span from Late Silurian to Mid-Carboniferous, only little Devonian (Emsian) sediment is preserved. Unit IV, Late Carboniferous to Mid-Cretaceous, reflects the break-up of Gondwana and the creation of the northeastern and southeastern passive margins of the Arabian Plate. Unit V documents intra-plate deformation related to Late Cretaceous continent-ocean obduction in the north and transpressional movements of the Indian Plate in the east. Unit VI, spanning the Tertiary, represents a return to quiet conditions followed by continent-continent collision in the north. Following Late Eocene uplift, the Gulf of Aden rift developed in the south in the early Oligocene, with sea-floor spreading from the Late Miocene onwards. Salt flow and dissolution, both playing a major role in the configuration of most intra- and post-salt hydrocarbon traps in Oman, are episodic and can be related to tectonic events.
1. ESTIMASI JUMLAH ANAK YANG LAHIR BERDASARKAN PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI TRANSCUTANEUS PADA KAMBING KACANG (Capra Sp.) (Estimation of Foetal Number in Kacang Goat (Capra Sp.) Base on Transcutaneus Ultrasonography)
Authors: Satria Megi , Siregar Tongku N , Sayuti Arman , Melia Juli , Hamdan Hamdan , Rosmaidar Rosmaidar , Harris Abdul
Published: September 2021

This research aims to know the accuracy of transcutaneus ultrasonography (USG) to determine number of kacang goat (Capra sp.) foetal. The animals used in this research were 6 goats aged of 1.5-2.5 years old, have a normal estrus cycle and mated naturally. The inspection was conducted after 53 to 97 days of pregnancy. The results showed that two goats were diagnosed as positive single pregnant (one foetus), and the others (four goats) were diagnosed as positive multiple pregnant (two foetus). Two goats were diagnosed single pregnant confirmed at delivered time in which all goats gave birth to one goat. All of the goats diagnosed positive multiple pregnant were gave birth to two goats. The accuracy of using transcutaneus USG to determine the number of single foetus and twins are 100%.Key words: ultrasonography, transcutaneus, accuracy, kacang goat, foetus
25. Effect of Maintenance Temperature and Shelf Life of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fillet Stored in Temperature -20 C on Total Count Bacteria
Authors: Sitakar Nurdiani Muliana , N Nurliana , Jamin Faisal , Abrar Mahdi , Manaf Zakiah Heryawati , S Sugito
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of storage time on the total number of bacteria in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) flesh stored at a temperature of 20 C and at different retention time. This study used split plot completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 treatment maintenance temperature of 29 C and 35 C. Experimental animals used were 30 nile tilapia fish grouped into five storage group namely 0 (P0), 7 (P1), 14 (P2), 21 (P3), and 28 (P4) days. The results showed that total number of bacteria found in fish flesh was higher than normal standard based on ISO 7388:2009 which was 5x105 cfu/g. The average of total numbers of bacteria in flesh of nile tilapia fish reared in 29 C on P0, PI, PII, PIII, and PIV were 6.55±0.19, 6.99±0.07, 6.96±0.08, 6.96±0.28, and 7.18±0.15, respectively. While the average of total numbers of bacteria in flesh of nile tilapia fish maintained in temperature of 35 C were 6.68 ± 0.10, 7.00±0.05, 7.19±0.12, 7.24±0.12, and 7.35±0.09, respectively. Total number of bacteria in nile tilapia flesh was affect significantly (P0.05) by temperature and storage temperature maintenance. In conclusion, storage time and different tempera ure maintenance of nile tilapia can increase total amount of bacteria on fish flesh.
18. POTENSI EKSTRAK AIR DAUN SERNAI (Wedelia biflora) SEBAGAI ANTINYERI PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus) The Potency of Wedelia biflora Leaf Water Extract as Pain killer on Mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Ali Abdul Hayi Amarta
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research was to find out the potency of Wedelia biflora water extract as pain killer. Completely randomized design (CDR) was used in this study. A total of 30 mice (Mus musculus) were divided into five treatment groups. Mice in group 1 (P0) were administered with mefenamat (positive control) and mice group 2 (P1) were only given aquadest (negative control). Mice in another3 groups (P2, P3, and P4) were administered with Wedelia biflora water extract with the concentration of 100, 75, and 50%, respectively. The painful response time was done using hot plate method and observed at 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes, whereas abdominal writhing method was applied to count the total of writhing. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan. Result showed that Wedelia biflora water extract with various levels of concentration were affect significantly (P0.05) compared to negative control but no significant different (P0.05) with positive control. The analgesic potency showed significant effect (P0.05) at concentration of 100 and 75% compared to negative control, but no significant different (P0.05) compare to positive control on both hot plate methods and abdominal writhing method, whereas 50% concentration showed analgesic potency (P0.05) only on hot plate method. In conclusion, Wedelia biflora water extract is potential as analgesic on mouse and shows no significant different with mefenamat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Key words: analgesik, Wedelia biflora, painful, total of writhe