bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate prescriptions for antidiabetic drugs in type 2 diabetes: a multidisciplinary, nominal-groups approach
Authors: GERARD Erwin , Quindroit Paul , Calafiore Matthieu , Baran Jan , Gautier Sophie , Genay Stéphanie , Décaudin Bertrand , Lemaitre Madleen , Vambergue Anne , Beuscart Jean-Baptiste
Published: March 2024

Aim: The management of type 2 diabetes patients poses challenges for
non-diabetologists healthcare professionals and may result in
potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs which can
be limited using screening tools. The aim was to set up nominal groups
of healthcare professionals from several disciplines and develop a list
of explicit definition of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of
antidiabetic drugs. Methods: In a qualitative, nominal-groups approach,
expert diabetologists, general practitioners, and pharmacists in France
developed explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate
prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes.
The study was overseen by a steering committee and complied with the
Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results: Three
nominal groups comprised a total of 30 participants (14 pharmacists, 10
diabetologists, and 6 general practitioners) and generated 89 explicit
definitions. These definitions were subsequently merged and validated by
the steering committee and nominal group participants, resulting in 38
validated explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate
prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs. The definitions encompassed four
contexts: (i) the temporary discontinuation of a medication during acute
illness (n=9; 24%), (ii) dose level adjustments (n=23; 60%), (iii)
inappropriate treatment initiation (n=3; 8%), and (iv) the need for
further monitoring in the management of type 2 diabetes (n=3; 8%).
Conclusion: This qualitative study is the first to have produced a
specific tool of explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate
prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs. Although the new list provides
valuable insights, it must be validated by expert consensus (e.g. in a
Delphi survey) before implementation in practice
Nonlinear models based on leaf architecture traits explain the variability of mesophyll conductance across plant species
Authors: Rahimi-Majd Milad , Leverett Alistair , Kromdijk Johannes , Nikoloski Zoran
Published: March 2024

Mesophyll conductance ( g m ) describes the efficiency with which CO
moves from substomatal cavities to chloroplasts.
Despite the stipulated importance of leaf architecture in affecting g m
, there remains a considerable ambiguity about how and whether anatomy
influences g m . This is, in part, because studies exploring the
relationship between leaf architecture and g m have often relied on
simple linear or exponential models to identify correlations. Here, we
employed non-linear machine learning models to more comprehensively
assess the relationship between ten leaf architecture traits and g m .
These models achieved excellent predictability of g m , which depended
on the leaf architecture traits considered as predictors. Dissection of
the importance of leaf architecture traits in the models indicated that
cell wall thickness and chloroplast area exposed to internal airspace
have a large impact on interspecific variation in g m . Additionally,
other leaf architecture traits, such as: leaf thickness, leaf density,
and chloroplast thickness emerged as important predictors of g m . We
found significant differences in the predictability between models
trained on different plant functional types (PFTs): those trained on
woody species could predict g m by anatomical traits on other woody
PFTs, ferns, and C herbaceous plants, whereas the
converse did not hold in general. By moving beyond simple linear and
exponential models, our analyses demonstrated that a larger suite of
leaf architecture traits drive differences in g m than has been
previously acknowledged. These findings pave the way for modulating g m
by strategies that modify its leaf architecture determinants.
Soil salinity drives vegetation changes by grazing exclusion in semiarid regions
Authors: Erfanzadeh Reza , Pirkhezri Seyed Zanko , Rastegar Azad , Török Péter
Published: March 2024

Understanding the responses of vegetation to grazing exclusion along a
salinity gradient is useful for the management of grasslands. We studied
the responses of vegetation to grazing removal (ungrazed areas) in three
semiarid regions with different soil salinity levels: non-saline,
moderately saline and hyper-saline. The results showed that Bray-Curtis
dissimilarity between grazed and ungrazed areas were highest in the
non-saline region. In the hyper-saline region, the grazing removal had
no significant effect on any of the diversity indices, while in the
non-saline regions, vegetation changes were occurred by grazing
exclusion at the highest magnitude. Generally, the magnitude of
vegetation changes by livestock grazing exclusion was decreased along
the soil salinity gradient. This research could help to understand how
disturbances and stresses interactively influence grasslands dynamics in
semiarid regions and to understand the effects of grazing on grassland
dynamics and sustainability in deserts in the context of salinization.
A Potential Antiviral Role for CCR5+CD8+ T Cells in Children with Hepatitis B
Authors: Tan Aoxue , He Yi , zhou Yingzhi , Peng Xiaorong , Chang Yunan , Peng Mingli , Ren Hong , Xu Hongmei
Published: March 2024

Background: While dysfunctional exhausted CD8+ T cells hamper
viral control when children acquire hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,
it’s crucial to recognize that CD8+ T cells have diverse phenotypes and
functions. This study explored a subset of CD8+ T cells expressing C - C
chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in children with HBV infection.
Methods: 36 patients in the immune tolerant (IT) group, 33
patients in the immune active (IA) group, and 55 patients in the
combined response (CR) group were enrolled. The frequency, functional
molecules and effector functions of the CCR5+CD8+ T cells population in
different groups were evaluated. Results: The frequency of
CCR5+CD8+ T cells correlated positively with the frequency of CCR5+ CD4+
T cells and patient age, and it correlated negatively with ALT, AST, HBV
DNA, HBsAg and lactic dehydrogenase levels. CCR5+CD8+ T cells had higher
levels of inhibitory and activated receptors and produced higher levels
of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α than CCR5-CD8+ T cells.
Conclusion：CCR5+CD8+T cells were partially exhausted but
possessed a stronger antiviral activity than CCR5-CD8+T cells. The
identification of this subset increases our understanding of CD8+ T cell
functions and serve as a potential immunotherapeutic target for children
with HBV infection.
Quasi 6-Day Planetary Wave Oscillations in Equatorial Plasma Irregularities
Authors: Pedatella Nicholas , Aa Ercha , Maute Astrid
Published: March 2024

The influence of atmospheric planetary waves on the occurrence of
irregularities in the low latitude ionosphere is investigated using
Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere-ionosphere
eXtension (WACCM-X) simulations and Global Observations of the Limb and
Disk (GOLD) observations. GOLD observations of equatorial plasma bubbles
(EPBs) exhibit a ~6-8 day periodicity during
January-February 2021. Analysis of WACCM-X simulations, which are
constrained to reproduce realistic weather variability in the lower
atmosphere, reveals that this coincides with an amplification of the
westward propagating wavenumber-1 quasi-six day wave (Q6DW) in the
mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The WACCM-X simulated
Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability growth rate, considered as a proxy of
EPB occurrence, is found to exhibit a ~6-day periodicity
that is coincident with the enhanced Q6DW in the MLT. Additional WACCM-X
simulations performed with fixed solar and geomagnetic activity
demonstrate that the ~6-day periodicity in the R-T
instability growth rate is related to the forcing from the lower
atmosphere. The simulations suggest that the Q6DW influences the
day-to-day formation of EPBs through interaction with the migrating
semidiurnal tide. This leads to periodic oscillations in the zonal
winds, resulting in periodic variability in the strength of the
prereversal enhancement, which influences the R-T instability growth
rate and EPBs. The results demonstrate that atmospheric planetary waves,
and their interaction with atmospheric tides, can have a significant
impact on the day-to-day variability of EPBs.
Formulae for the Drazin inverse of elements in a ring
Authors: Qin Xiaolan , Lu Linzhang
Published: March 2024

This paper studies additive properties of the Drazin inverse in a ring R.
Some necessary and sufficient conditions for the Drazin invertible are
given. Furthermore, we derive additive formulae under conditions weaker than
those used in some resent papers on the subject. These extend the main
results of Wei and Deng (J. Linear Multilinear Algebra, 59(12) (2011)
1319-1329) and Wang et al. (Filomat, 30(2016), 1185-1193)
L-(resp. concave) down-directed convergence relation spaces and L-(resp. concave) filter convergence spaces
Authors: Wu Xiu-Yun , Zhang Hui-Min , Liu Yu-Jie
Published: March 2024

Convergence structure and relation are useful tools in interpreting many
mathematical structures such as topological spaces and convex spaces. The
aim of this paper is to study convergence structures in the framework of
L-concave spaces by using relations. Specifically, the notion of
L-down-directed relations is introduced and some simple examples are
presented. Based on this, notions of L-down-directed convergence relation
spaces and L-concave down-directed convergence relations are introduced. It
is proved that the category of L-concave internal relation spaces can be
embedded into the category of L-down-directed convergence relation spaces as
a reflective subcategory. In addition, the category of L-concave
down-directed convergence relation spaces is isomorphic to the category of
L-concave internal relation spaces. In order to characterize L-down-directed
convergence relation space and L-concave down-directed convergence relation
space, notions of L-concave filters, L-filter convergence spaces and
L-concave filter convergence spaces are introduced. It is showed that the
category of L-down-directed convergence relation spaces is isomorphic to the
category of L-filter convergence spaces. It also showed that the category of
L-concave down-directed convergence relation spaces is isomorphic to the
category of L-concave filter convergence spaces and the category of
L-concave spaces.
New results on fractional relaxation integro differential equations with impulsive conditions
Authors: Karthikeyan Kulandhivel , Murugapandian Gobi , Karthikeyan Panjayan , Ege Ozgur
Published: March 2024

The aim of this paper is to study the existence and uniqueness of solutions
for nonlinear fractional relaxation impulsive integro-differential equations
with boundary conditions. Some results are established by using the Banach
contraction mapping principle and the Schauder fixed point theorem. An
example is provided which illustrates the theoretical results.
The Ritz numerical method and hybrid functions (block-pulse functions and legendre polynomials) for a class of two-dimensional time-delay optimal control problems
Authors: Hosseini S.M. , Soltanian F. , Mamehrashi K.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we provided a numerical method to solve a class of two
dimensional time-delay optimal control problems (2DTDOCPs) with quadratic
cost functional using Ritz method and orthogonal Legendre Block-Pulse
functions. First, the state and control vectors are approximated as a series
of hybrid functions(block-pulse functions and Legendre polynomials) with
unknown coefficients. Then, we derive an equation with unknown coefficients
by substituting these approximations in the cost functional. A system of
algebraic equations is obtained by applying the optimal conditions for this
equation. Solving this system and substituting the coefficients into
approximating the guessed functions, the state and control functions are
obtained. By increasing the number of blocks, as well as the basic
functions, we get more accurate solutions. The convergence of proposed
method is discussed, and finally, we will present some examples to show the
validity and applicability of proposed method, and evaluate its accuracy and
efficiency. Moreover, our results are compared to previous results to show
the superiority of this technique.
Multiplicative Laplace transform in q−calculus
Authors: Yilmazer Mehmet , Yilmaz Emrah , Goktas Sertac , Et Mikail
Published: March 2024

In this study, we introduce q*-(or q-multiplicative) Laplace transform by
means of q*-integral. Some properties of q*-Laplace transform are presented.
Also, q*-Laplace transform can be utilized for solving q*-linear
differential equations.
On extensions of Hermite-Hadamard type inclusions for interval-valued convex functions
Authors: Kara Hasan , Budak Hüseyin , Hezenci Fatih
Published: March 2024

In this work, by using weighted Jensen inclusion, we establish some new
weighted Hermite-Hadamard type inclusions involving two real parameters for
interval-valued convex functions. In addition, some extensions of
Hermite-Hadamard inclusion are obtained by special choices of parameters.
Moreover, we give some examples to illustrate the main results of this work.
The maximal spectral radius of the uniform unicyclic hypergraphs with perfect matchings
Authors: Sun Rui , Wang Wen-Huan , Ni Zhen-Yu
Published: March 2024

Let U(n, k) and ?(n, k) be respectively the sets of the k-uniform connected
linear and nonlinear unicyclic hypergraphs having perfect matchings with n
vertices, where n ? k(k?1) and k ? 3. By using some techniques of
transformations and constructing the incidence matrices for the hypergraphs
considered, we get the hypergraphs with the maximal spectral radii among
three kinds of hypergraphs, namely U(n, k) with n = 2k(k ? 1) and n ? 9k(k ?
1), ?(n, k) with n ? k(k ? 1), and U(n, k) ? ?(n, k) with n ? 2k(k ? 1),
where k ? 3.
Liquid methodology - metaphor as a method
Authors: Visic Maroje
Published: March 2024

The paper analyses metaphor as a sociological method. To demonstrate its
methodological value, the paper centres on Zygmunt Bauman?s metaphors who
used them as a means of effectively conveying sociological interpretations
to the public. Experts can use metaphors to generate research questions, and
the public can use them to understand the world. While metaphors possess
significant heuristic power, they cannot replace empirical evidence. The
paper has implications for sociological methodology and to some extent,
sociological theory.
Political (ab)use of the internet- Facebook in hands of Serbian right-wing
Authors: Zivkovic Ivona , Petrovic Dalibor
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the role the digital platform Facebook plays in mediating
the operational dynamics of extreme right organizations in Serbia.
Emphasizing the functional potential of this digital platform, we delve into
its capacity to disseminate information, propagate political goals, mobilize
members, construct collective identities, and orchestrate actions among
right-wing extremists in Serbia. As political activism continues to thrive
in the online sphere, and with the right-wing ideologies gaining increasing
prominence in the last three decades, our study seeks to shed light on the
essential role of the Internet in shaping these dynamic processes. The paper
presents findings from a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis
of two Facebook pages, affiliated with one formal and one informal far-right
political organization -Serbian Right and Serbian Honor. The objective is to
gain insights into the different strategies employed by political
organizations in utilizing digital platforms.
Intensive Glycemic Management is Associated with Reduced Retinal Structure Abnormalities on Ocular Coherence Tomography in the DCCT/EDIC Study
Authors: Blodi Barbara , W. Gardner Thomas , Gao Xiaoyu , K. Sun Jennifer , Lorenzi Gayle M. , de Koo Lisa C. Olmos , Das Arup , H. White Neil , A. Gubitosi-Klug Rose , P. Aiello Lloyd , Bebu Ionut
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To investigate quantitative and qualitative changes in retinal structure using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and their associations with systemic or other risk factors in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study, OCT images were obtained during study years 25–28 (2019-2022) in 937 participants; 54% and 46% were from the original intensive (INT) and conventional (CONV) treatment groups, respectively.

RESULTS

Participants were on average 61 years old with diabetes duration of 39 years and HbA1c 7.6%. Participants originally in the CONV group were more likely to have disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL) (CONV: 27.3% vs INT: 18.7%; P=0.0003), intraretinal fluid (CONV 24.4% vs INT 19.2%; P=0.0222), and intraretinal cysts (CONV 20.8% vs INT 16.6%; P=0.0471). In multivariable models, sex, age, smoking, mean updated SBP, and history of CSME and of anti-VEGF treatment were independently associated with changes in central subfield thickness, while HbA1c, BMI, history of CSME and of ocular surgery were associated with DRIL. Visual acuity decline was associated with significant thinning of all retinal subfields except for the central and inner nasal subfields.

CONCLUSIONS

Early intensive glycemic management in type 1 diabetes is associated with a decreased risk of DRIL. This important morphological abnormality was associated with a history of macular edema, a history of ocular surgery and worse visual acuity. This study reveals benefits of intensive glycemic management on the retina beyond features detected by fundus photographs and ophthalmoscopy.
Role of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity in Reduced Walk Speed of Older Adults with Diabetes
Authors: V. Ramos Sofhia , Distefano Giovanna , Lui Li-Yung , M. Cawthon Peggy , Kramer Philip , J. Sipula Ian , M. Bello Fiona , Mau Theresa , J. Jurczak Michael , J. Molina Anthony , E. Kershaw Erin , J. Marcinek David , Shankland Eric , G.S. Toledo Frederico , B. Newman Anne , T. Hepple Russell , B. Kritchevsky Stephen , H. Goodpaster Bret , R. Cummings Steven , M. Coen Paul
Published: March 2024

Cardiorespiratory fitness and mitochondrial oxidative capacity are associated with reduced walking speed in older adults. The impact of cardiorespiratory fitness and mitochondrial oxidative capacity on walking speed in older adults with diabetes has not been clearly defined. We examined differences in cardiorespiratory fitness and skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity between older adults with and without diabetes as well as determine their relative contribution to slower walking speed in older adults with diabetes. Participants with diabetes (n=159) had lower cardiorespiratory fitness and mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized fiber bundles when compared to those without diabetes (n=717), following adjustments for covariates including BMI, chronic comorbid health conditions, and physical activity. 4-m and 400-m walking speeds were slower in those with diabetes. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity alone or combined with cardiorespiratory fitness mediated ~20-70% of the difference in walk speed between older adults with and without diabetes. Additional adjustments with BMI and co-morbidities further explained the group differences in walk speed. Cardiorespiratory fitness and skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity contribute to slower walking speeds in older adults with diabetes.
‘Inversion’ of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar in Ascending Ramus of the Mandible – Report of Rarest Case
Authors: NB Nagaveni
Published: March 2024

‘Wisdom tooth’ or ‘Third molars’ are very interesting tooth not only for oral and maxillofacial surgeons but also for all other specialists of medicine and dentistry. Mandibular third molars are the most often affected tooth and show variations in eruption, size, shape, development, positions and associated with anomalies. The purpose of this article is to present a rarest case of inverted unilateral impacted mandibular left third molar in the ascending ramus of the mandible and was associated with a cystic lesion which is rarely encountered in clinical practice during impaction procedures. Reporting of such interesting and uncommon presentations of dental structures is highly essential to provide utmost care to the patient as well as to make guidelines and protocols for their management.
Management of Prediabtes (An Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes) with Life Style Modifications
Authors: Hsu Hsiu-Ling
Published: March 2024

Prediabetes, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels that are below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes, poses a significant health challenge worldwide due to its association with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. This abstract explores the crucial role of lifestyle modifications in the effective management of prediabetes, emphasizing a holistic approach to prevent or delay the progression to overt diabetes. The primary focus of this review is on lifestyle interventions, including dietary changes, regular physical activity, and weight management, as key strategies to address the underlying factors contributing to insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. Evidence from clinical studies underscores the efficacy of these interventions in improving insulin sensitivity, promoting weight loss, and stabilizing blood glucose levels among individuals with prediabetes. Furthermore, the abstract highlights the importance of personalized and sustainable lifestyle modifications, considering individual preferences, cultural influences, and socioeconomic factors. Behavioral interventions, such as motivational coaching and support groups, are discussed as essential components to facilitate long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle practices. In conclusion, this article advocates for a comprehensive and patient-centered approach to managing prediabetes, with a strong emphasis on lifestyle modifications. By empowering individuals with prediabetes to make sustainable changes in their daily habits, there is a promising avenue to curb the progression to type 2 diabetes and improve overall health outcomes.
Effect of Some Selected Fossil Fuels on the Nutrients Composition and Consumer Acceptability on Smoked-Dried Redbelly Tilapia (Coptodon zillii)
Authors: M. Y Haruna
Published: March 2024

Fuel wood is among the most expensive items in fish processing, knowledge on smoking efficiency of various agricultural wastes particularly sugarcane bagasse could be substitute for wood for fish smoking thereby reducing the cost, the problem of deforestation and eventually control of environmental pollution. The study was aimed to assess the effects on nutritional composition and cost-benefit analysis of using ebony wood and sugarcane bagasse as fuel sources for smoke drying of fish. The result of this study showed that the highest (65.15±0.20) crude protein was recorded in Coptodon zillii smoked with ebony wood and the least (16.08±0.13) in fresh C. zillii. Similarly, for ash, crude fat and nitrogen free extracts were observed, and the better moisture reduction (4.28±0.03) was recorded in C. zillii smoked with bagasse and least (3.38±0.08) from C. zillii smoked with ebony wood. The differences in the proximate composition of the smoked C. zillii using ebony wood and sugarcane bagasse were significant (p<0.05). The organoleptic assessment of the smoked C. zillii using ebony wood and sugarcane bagasse were significantly different (p<0.05). The cost (₦150) for smoking with sugarcane was less with an equal quality with the cost (₦250) for smoking with ebony wood which is not environmental friendly.
A Study on Fish Diseases in Freshwater Aquaculture at Siddipet (D) Telangana State, India
Authors: Chari T Jagadeeshwara
Published: March 2024

Similar to other animals, fish canal so suffer from various types of diseases. All fish carry pathogens and parasites. Usually this is at some cost to the fish, If the cost is sufficiently high, then the impact can be characterized as a disease. However, disease in fish is not understood well. What is known about fish disease after relates to aquaria fish and more recently to farmed fish. Fish can limit the impact of pathogen and parasites with behavioral or biochemical means and such fish have reproductive advantages. Interacting factors result in low grade infect ion becoming fatal diseases. In particular things that cause dress such as natural drought or pollution or predators can precipitate outbreak of disease. Fish are exposed from different environment pollutants including drugs and chemicals. The fish can also be infected or damaged by different pathogens micro-organisms or parasites The most common fish disease particularly in fresh water aquarium, include columnaris, gill disease, ick, dropsy ,tail and fin-rot fungal infections, white spot disease etc.
Natural Resources Depletion
Authors: Raj Shrisha S
Published: March 2024

The catchphrase of the early 21st century has become global warming, climate change, and the consequent push to embrace significantly more ecologically concerned attitudes towards our finite natural resources.When natural resources are being used up more quickly than they can be regenerated, this is referred to as resource depletion. One can distinguish between a country's non-renewable and renewable natural resources. Natural resources play a major role in a country's economic growth. It appears that most current patterns of urbanization, agriculture, and the use of energy and natural resources are unsustainable and need immediate correction. Natural resource usage does not appear to be justified, which might have negative economic effects on the country. Depletion of resources is being accelerated by population explosion. This article examines how, between 1990 and 2023, the use of renewable energy sources and the loss of natural resources affected environmental deterioration.
Metacognitive Rehabilitation in the Elderly: the Mind the Gap Metacognitive Program
Authors: Orfei Maria Donata
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces the Mind the Gap Metacognitive Program (MGM-P), an innovative rehabilitation approach to contrast and prevent anosognosia. Anosognosia, or impaired self-awareness of illness and related deficits, is a pretty frequent phenomenon in Alzheimer's Disease, even in pre-clinical stages, which may have detrimental effects on clinical course, therapy compliance, risky behaviors, not to say caregivers’ stress and burden. Stemming from a complex bio-psycho-social perspective and firmly rooted in accredited neuropsychological models on self-awareness and metacognition, the MGM-P aims at improving patients’ realistic self-appraisal, facilitating the adoption of self-safety behaviors and compensatory strategies, thus lessening patients’ and caregivers’ stress. Theoretical models, structure of sessions, and methodology are illustrated. The MGM-P can be administered to the Elderly with dementia but also with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Complaint. Thus, the MGM-P has been developed as a therapeutic approach and as a preventive tool to buffer cognitive decline and facilitate identifying elderly at-risk subjects. Another original aspect of MGM-P is the presence of quantitative indices, which allow the clinician to objectively rate the patient’s progress in different metacognitive functions and make the MGM-P quite adaptable for research purposes. Last but not least, MGM-P shows a wide range of fruitful next ameliorants and applications in other neuropsychiatric conditions and different contexts, such as in educational and job formation fields.
Outfitting COVID-19: An Effective Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Patra Samir Kumar
Published: March 2024

Use of antisense oligonucleotides of the type 3′-(N)x-AAAUUUG-(N)x-5′ against slippery sequence and polynucleotides against pseudoknots forming sequences of SARS-CoV-2 RNA would block the first translation of ORF1a and ORF1b and hence dwindle the virus replication. It is easy to synthesize and deliver the antisense oligonucleotides to the target by directly injecting the nano formulation into the blood.
Interaction of Molecules in Solutions of C60 in Polar Solvents
Authors: Makhmanov Urol K
Published: March 2024

The features of fullerene C60 in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solutions and NMP/water solvents were studied using optical absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). When 30% distilled water was added to the C60/NMP solution, a bathochromic shift (by ~9 nm) and a hyperchromic effect for the characteristic absorption maximum (~331 nm) for the solution, as well as a relatively weak and broad new absorption region around 440 nm, were found. These optical changes are explained by the partial destruction of C60-C60 and C60-NMP complexes when water is added to the solution, and the formation of new C60-water complexes or mixed solvate shells of C60-NMP and C60-water during their reorganization. It was determined that at a constant concentration of C60 in solutions, the maximum hydrodynamic diameter of the synthesized fullerene nanoaggregates in a C60/NMP solution is ~23 nm, and in a C60/NMP/water solution is ~33 nm.
Space Alpha Particle Fluxes towards the Earth's Surface Increase Human Mortality – Examples from the Balkans and Greece
Authors: Takuchev Nikolay
Published: March 2024

A dangerous phenomenon for humanity is described. In the joint analysis of data from satellites in orbit around the Earth and from the health statistics source EUROSTAT, it became clear that, by some mechanism, flows of positively charged particles with high energy entering the Earth's orbit increase mortality on the planet's surface. The increase in mortality from the most deadly group of diseases for humanity – circulatory system diseases is by an average of 5% to 15% in a zone of maximum risk in the Northern Hemisphere, parallel to the equator and bounded by the parallels of 30° and 50° north latitude. Examples are given for the Balkans and Greece confirming the described phenomenon. A hypothetical mechanism based on observational evidence has been proposed, according to which this dangerous phenomenon is due to solar alpha particles of high energy sufficient to overcome the resistance of the atmosphere and reach the Earth's surface in a limited area of maximum death impact
Plant Growth, Yield, and Biochemical Composition of Solanum macrocarpon and Corchorus olitorius under Varying Temperatures
Authors: Abbey Lord
Published: March 2024

Sustained global climate change and shift in growing seasons have led to the introduction of various tropical crops in temperate regions but the impact on their chemical composition is unknown. A controlled-environment study was conducted in growth chambers (GC) to evaluate the response of two tropical leafy vegetables namely, gboma (Solanum macrocarpon L) and jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius L) at day/night temperature regimes of 32°/27°C (GC32), 20°/15°C (GC20), 15°/10°C (GC15), and greenhouse average temperature of 24°/21°C (GH24). The results demonstrated that temperature variability had significant (p<0.05) impact on the two plants species. Relative plant growths of gboma and jute mallow were markedly higher in GH24 and GC32, respectively, compared to the other temperatures. The gboma and jute mallow plants grown in GC32 had the highest leaf length. The gboma plants grown in GC24 recorded a significantly (p<0.05) higher number of leaves, which was approximately 36% higher compared their counterparts grown in the GC32. Jute mallow plants grown in the GC32 significantly (p<0.05) recorded the highest number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter and leaf area. Gboma plants grown in GC24 had significantly (p<0.05) the highest maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) compared to all the other treatments. For the jute mallow, the GC32 environment gave a significantly (p<0.05) higher maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance compared to the other growth conditions. Gboma and jute mallow plants grown in the GC15 chamber significantly (p<0.05) produced higher plant tissue contents of phenolics, flavonoids, and proline. The present study shows that gboma and jute mallow can grow well at temperatures between 20o to 32°C. Further studies should be conducted to assess the mechanism of low temperature adaptation, and proximate composition.
Revitalizing Bihar’s Agriculture: A Comprehensive Analysis of Water Resource Dynamics, Climate Resilience, and the Role of Traditional Irrigation Systems
Authors: Bajpai Saransh
Published: March 2024

Bihar is one of India’s most historically rich and culturally diverse states, with a heritage dating back thousands of years, contributing significantly to India’s cultural landscape. Agriculture plays a crucial role in Bihar’s economy, with the sector and its allied activities growing at a rate of about 5 percent in the last five years (2017-18 to 2021-22).
A Policy Brief on the Application of Artificial Insemination (AI) in Lanao del Sur
Authors: V Valdez Anabelie
Published: March 2024

This paper is a policy brief regarding the application of the Artificial Insemination (AI) as a mode of reproductive technology in Lanao del Sur. Lanao del Sur is one of the provinces in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), the dwelling of Meranao tribes who practice Islam as their religion. The province has favorable climatic conditions for agricultural productions both in crops and animals’ production. Lanao del Sur is a landlocked province and is agriculturally rich having a well-suiting climate and extensively arable land, and it has a growing inventory of livestock such as carabao, cattle, goat, duck and chicken. This policy brief was based on the research findings conducted regarding the perceptions and acceptance of the AI among livestock growers. The goal of this policy brief is to provide baseline data about the farmers perceptions on AI and formulate a research-based policy recommendation to help the LGU, implementing agencies and the farmers for effective and efficient implementation of AI program in the province. The6 following are the salient points: 1) Meranao livestock growers’ perceptions about using Artificial Insemination (AI). 2) Capacitating the farmers towards adoption of artificial insemination, and breeding programs. 3) Ensuring efficiency of livestock production among farmers. 4) Increase the livestock production in Lanao del Sur.
Insights into the Mechanobiology of Phytophthora
Authors: J Harish
Published: March 2024

Phytophthora species, classified as oomycetes, are among the most destructive plant pathogens worldwide and pose a substantial threat to food security. Plant pathogens have developed various methods to breach the cuticle and walls of plant cells. For example, plant-pathogenic fungi use a ‘brute-force’ approach by producing a specialized and fortified invasion organ to generate invasive pressures [1]. Unlike in fungi, Phytophthora pathogens harness a specialized form of invasive tip growth to slice through the plant surface, wielding their hypha as a microscopic knife known as “naifu” invasion [2].
Bedside Pulmonary Rehabilitation – Mandatory and CostEffective Tools
Authors: Prasad Krishna
Published: March 2024

Pulmonary rehabilitation has been advocated by a wide range of surgeries. Many studies show the clinical values of pulmonary rehabilitation, which could be applied before surgery and also in the period of post-surgery. Appropriate pulmonary rehabilitation can improve individuals› exercise tolerance, hospital admission period, and overall medical stability. Those who received pulmonary rehabilitation after major surgery were shown to gain increase in walking endurance and peak exercise capacity, and also decrease in dyspnoea and fatigue. We imply that pulmonary rehabilitation must be applied during hospitalization. Spirometric maneuvers like IRV, VC, and PEFR and their measurement has become an easier and more efficient tool in preventing postoperative lung complications in patients undergoing anesthesia.
Ips sexdentatus’un Duyarlılığının Maksimum Entropi (MaxEnt) ile Modellenmesi
Authors: Özcan Gonca Ece
Published: March 2024

İklim değişimi ve buna bağlı faktörlerden en çok etkilenen ormanlardır. İklim değişikliği, konukçu ağaçların ve bunlarla ilişkili olan zararlıların dağılımlarında değişikliğe neden olmaktadır. Ekoloji ve koruma alanındaki planlamacılara yol gösterecek uygulamalar için türlerin coğrafi dağılımlarını belirleyen tahmine dayalı modeller önemlidir. Orman ekosistemlerinde ciddi olumsuzluklara neden olan kabuk böceklerinin her yıl artarak devam eden zararlarının önemli sonuçlar meydana getireceği beklenmektedir. Bu nedenle orman ekosistemlerinde bulunan kabuk böceği türlerinin potansiyel dağılımlarının belirlenmesi sürdürülebilir orman yönetimi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu türlerin salgınlarını iklim, topoğrafik ve meşcere parametreleri önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, Maksimum Entropi (MaxEnt) yaklaşımı kullanılarak 19 farklı biyoiklimsel değişken ile kapalılık, yükselti ve eğim değişkenlerini dikkate alarak Ips sexdentatus’un zararına ilişkin potansiyel duyarlılık haritası oluşturulmuştur. Modelin doğruluğu alıcı çalışma karakteristiği (ROC) analizi ile değerlendirilmiş eğitim verilerinde eğri altında kalan alan (Area Under Curve, (AUC)) 0,846; test verilerinde ise 0,855 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ips sexdentatus’un duyarlılık haritasında model sonucunu en çok etkileyen parametrenin kapalılık olduğu ve modelin %68.5’ini oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında kapalılık, eğim ve en nemli ayın yağış miktarı değişkenlerinin toplu olarak modelin %88.4’ünü oluşturduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, çalışma alanının % 51.6’sı Ips sexdentatus istilası açısından riskli kategoride yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları Ips sexdentatus’un izlenmesi ve mücadele stratejilerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Aynı zamanda diğer salgın yapma potansiyeline sahip kabuk böceği türlerinin yönetimi için bir öngörü oluşturacaktır.
Contextual and Structural Factors, Project Modelling and Sustainability of Entrepreneurial Development Projects: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Njue Nicasio Gicovi , Kariuki Samuel Nduati
Published: March 2024

Projects emanate from ideas to solve an underlying need. Ideally, a project aims to solve a problem among beneficiaries. Notwithstanding the imperative role of entrepreneurship in socioeconomic prosperity, sustainability of development projects focusing on the empowerment of entrepreneurs is gaining attention on the wheels of research. Of interest are entrepreneurial development projects that fail to attain the desired impacts despite huge capital investments. Ineffective decision-making associated with unrealistic expectations often implicates sustainable delivery of outcomes. Hoverers, foundations for sustainable delivery of entrepreneurship development projects are elusively theorized. Lack of theoretical consent and standardized practice of modelling project intervention relative to attaining sustainable deliverables deprives us of essential knowledge for decision-making. Failure to align project implementation models to the prevailing reality of entrepreneurship is believed to contribute to this dismal. Against the background, this paper presents a theoretical and conceptual framework for the interaction between contextual and structural factors, project modelling and sustainability of entrepreneurial development project interventions. 21 peer-reviewed articles were selected through screening. Meta-analysis was used to review the converging and diverging issues while identifying and synthesizing research gaps that connect with the research problem identified. While project modelling was found to be critical in achieving sustainable impacts, the findings were based on linear perspectives and ignored the prevailing structural and contextual dynamics. Hence, the proposition that structural and contextual factors mediate and moderate the sustainability of entrepreneurial development projects, respectively.
An alternative method for assessing the agreement between test results
Authors: Korobko Andrii , Kotova Julia
Published: March 2024

The paper proposes a new way of assessing the agreement between measurement results during test quality assurance procedures in the laboratory. The decision-making rule is based on the measurement uncertainty. The probability, with which mathematical expectations of the measured data lie within the uncertainty of the indicator measurements, is proposed as a quantitative indicator. Such a quantitative indicator of the impact of methodological errors is proposed as the ratio of the difference between mathematical expectations of the measurement results obtained in different series of measurements to the average uncertainty of their determination, taking into account the applied decision-making rule. This indicator is based on the assumption that the measurement results are normally distributed. To simplify the process of calculating quality assurance indicators and reduce the risk of making mistakes in calculations, the “Agreement” module was created on the basis of a virtual test laboratory. The input data for the calculation of the agreement in the module are: measuring equipment, measurement results themselves (at least three for each tester), the coverage coefficient, full names of the people performing the measurements, and the coefficient of the decision-making rule.
Modern approaches to studying the accuracy of determination of deformation values in geodesic monitoring of crane equipment
Authors: Mamonov Kostiantyn , Nalivayko Taras , Nalivayko Tetyana , Pomortseva Olena , Kobzan Sergiy
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the research, the materials of which are presented in this paper, is to reveal modern approaches to combat the deformation of geometric parameters in the construction of electric overhead cranes. This issue is quite relevant in terms of compliance with safety requirements at work. To solve this issue, it is proposed to use the improved technique of geodetic monitoring of geometric parameters of constructions of overhead and electric gantry cranes. The paper describes a laser-mirror system for controlling geometric parameters, which allows considering fairly strict requirements. This method, as demonstrated by experimental data, is one of the most reliable and accurate. The authors developed and used the installations of the “Laser beam – mirror” system, which shall meet clear methodological requirements. It is shown that the deviation from the correct installation of the mirror in the vertical plane leads to an increase in measurement errors. The research was carried out with the help of a laser mirror device. As a result of the research and using the procedure developed by the authors, a rectangular scale for fixing the laser beam was proposed. The implementation of the results obtained by the authors will allow establishing the accuracy of measurements within the limits of permissible values. In addition, the existing permissible deviations of the geometric parameters of the constructions of overhead cranes at industrial enterprises were analysed. The authors identified the shortcomings of modern existing methods and proposed new geodetic equipment and methods of their implementation. The paper examines the accuracy of the developed methods that can ensure and increase the guarantee of safe operation of overhead cranes.
Awaking Awareness of Communication Patterns in The Cyber Radicalism: Covid-19 Pandemic Case Study
Authors: Muttaqin Ahmad , Widyaningsih Rindha , Riswan Yulianingsih
Published: March 2024

The high level of internet penetration during a pandemic allows people to be exposed and influenced virtually by radical ideologies. This study aims to provide an overview of the cyber radicalization process and communication patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study utilized the literature review method by reviewing scientific journals, which was accomplished by criticizing, synthesizing, and summarizing the selected data. The results showed that during the Covid-19 pandemic, radical group ideologues spread propaganda via the internet and succeeded in increasing the radicalism sympathize and the number of lone wolves. The radical groups have extraordinary mass communication patterns. They spread radical ideology subtly and greatly influenced the masses. The pattern of intrapersonal communication arises, specifically the internalization of values based on learning, observation, and self-understanding. The radicalism process via the internet is effective media due to its ease, cheapness, and massive and broad spectrum. Straightforward access to radical content found on the internet and social media has led to the emergence of a lone wolf, a person who participates in radicalization by independent process and is not affiliated with any radical groups. This research contributes to completing data on radicalism issues by providing data support in developing strategies to prevent the spread of cyber radicalism.
Ma Rainey's Spiritual Blues: Exploring the Intersection of Religion and Musicin Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
Authors: Hooda Sharon
Published: March 2024

August Wilson's Ma Rainey's Black Bottom is a theatrical masterpiece that not only captures the essence of the jazz era but also delves into the complexities of the African American experience, including the role of religion. Religion serves as a nuanced backdrop that adds depth to the characters and their experiences. This paper delves into how religion is portrayed in the play, particularly in the context of spirituality and music, and how it influences the characters and their worldviews. By analysing the spiritual power of music, the contrasting perspectives of Levee and Jeremy on religion, and the subtle religious symbolism, this paper sheds light on the intersection of spirituality and artistry in the lives of Black musicians in 1920s Chicago.