bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Polyphenol Extraction from Agaricus blazei Murrill and Determination of its Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Qi Wei , Yi-shu Zhan , Bing-zhi Chen , Yu-ji Jiang
Published: February 2020

Agaricus blazei Murrill is an edible fungus. It is considered as a functional food and its extract is also used as a natural therapy for human diseases related to metabolism in Asian countries. Polyphenols of ABM are powerful radical scavengers and providing potent antioxidant benefits. This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of polyphenols from Agaricus blazei Murrill by response surface methodology and determination of its antioxidant activities. The influence of extraction temperature, extraction time, and solid to liquid ratio on each response was investigated. The optimal extract conditions for Agaricus blazei Murrill polyphenols were at 72°C for 2.5 h, and solid to liquid ratio of 1:20. Under the optimal conditions, the total phenolic content of Agaricus blazei Murrill was 2.92 mg/g, which was close to the predicted value (3.04 mg/g). The antioxidant activities of ABM extract were analyzed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and the reducing power. The EC50 values of Agaricus blazei Murrill extract on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and hydroxyl radicals were 0.44, 0.30, and 2.84 mg/mL, respectively. The findings indicated that Agaricus blazei Murrill extract provide a beneficial effect on antioxidant activity. It suggests that Agaricus blazei Murrill has the potential to be a valuable source of natural antioxidant.
Studi Evaluatif Penyelenggara Pendidikan Agama Hindu Terhadap Pencapaian Pendidikan Agama Hindu Sekolah Menengah Atas Dwijendra Di Denpasar
Authors: Subagia I Nyoman , Suta I Made
Published: February 2020

This research has several underlying factors, including; (1) to date there has been no independent or related evaluation carried out so that Hindu education in the Dwijendra school in Denpasar is unknown, (2) Interesting phenomena here are found in small islands in Indonesia, such as in Bali where the majority of the population is Hindu, and Hindu people prefer schools in non Hindu-based schools, it is suspected, school-based management in Dwijendra High School in Denpasar has not been maximally achieved in accordance with the goals of the organization. The main objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of independent variables or predictors consisting of context variables (X1), input (X2), process (X3), and product (X4) while competency achievement is treated as a dependent variable or criterion with a symbol (Y). The analytical method in accordance with the objectives of the research design used is simple or multiple regression because it consists of three independent variables and one dependent variable. The results of the study are as follows: (1) there is a relationship between context and the achievement of Hindu religious education competencies with a value of 0.229 using a significance level of 0.05 (0.000 <0.05), then the alternative hypothesis is accepted, (2) there is a relationship between inputs with the achievement of Hindu religious education competence with a value of 0.180 using a significance level of 0.05 (0.000 <0.05), then the null hypothesis is accepted, (3) there is a relationship between the process of achieving Hindu religious education competence with a value of 0.957 using the level significance of 0.05 (0,000 <0.05), then the null hypothesis is accepted, (4) there is a relationship between the product and the achievement of Hindu religious education competence with a value of 0.339 using a significance level of 0.05 (0,000 <0.05), then the hypothesis zero accepted, (5) there is a relationship between the context, input, process, and product with the achievement of Hindu religious education competence with a value of 0.276, de using a significance level of 0.05 (0,000 <0.05).
Penerapan Model Ekspository Dengan Menggunakan Metode Demontrasi Dan Pemberian Tugas Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Mulyadi I Nyoman
Published: February 2020

The problem formulation of this research is the Application of Expository Model with Demonstration Method and Giving Assignments to improve mathematics learning achievement of students of class IXC semester I of SMP Negeri 3 Selat, 2016/2017 school year. The purpose of this study was to improve mathematics learning achievement of students of class IXC of SMP Negeri 3 Selat in the first semester, 2016/2017 school year. The place for this class action research is at SMP Negeri 3 Selat, by taking the research subjects of class IXC students in the first semester of 2016/2017 school year. The object of this class action research is an increase in Mathematics learning achievement of students of class IXC Middle School 3 Strait, 2016/2017 academic year. The initial average value of 69.83 rose to 74.67 in the first cycle and in the second cycle rose to 75.64. The expository model with demonstration and assignment methods is very effective to be applied in the learning process that results in active, enthusiastic, critical thinking students and can understand the material being taught so that students' learning achievement increases.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Sugesti-Imajinasi Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Dan Hasil Belajar Menulis Cerpen Siswa
Authors: Ariati Ni Nengah
Published: February 2020

This study aims to increase the interest and learning outcomes of short story writing students of the IX-B class of SMP Negeri 3 Selat in the first semester of the 2018/2019 academic year.  The subjects in this study were students of class IX-B, SMP Negeri 3 Selat, amounting to 31 people, consisting of 13 male students and 18 female students in the first semester of the 2018/2019 academic year.  This study uses a class action research design through two stages. Data about students' interest in learning was collected by observation sheets, and short story learning outcomes were collected by the test method.  Both types of data are analyzed by quantitative descriptive methods. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Suggestion-Imagination learning method can increase interest in learning and learning outcomes in short story writing for Class IX-B students of SMP Negeri 3 Selat in the first semester of the 2018/2019 academic year.  with an average of 65.16 and completeness 51.61% in the first stage, being an average of students' learning interest of 83.55 and a completeness level of 93.55% in the second stage. While student learning outcomes also increased from an average of 68.87 in the first stage and the classical completeness rate of 51.61%, increased to an average of 75.48 in the second stage and a mastery level of 77.42%.  Based on these results it is recommended; (1) utilize the Suggestion-Imagination method to increase interest and learning outcomes of short story writing; (2) make the results of this study a consideration in developing learning methods; (4) try this method on other material, or even on other subjects.
Mengingkatkan Kemampuan Guru Menulis Karya Ilmiah Dengan Menghadirkan Guru Tamu Di Sekolah
Authors: Tingkat I Nyoman
Published: February 2020

The aim of this article is to know the effectiveness of the presence of a guest teacher for the teachers in SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan to produce a various research. Since PKG (Penilaian Kinerja Guru) has been implementing from January 1, 2013, teachers could not have a promotion in 2 years if they were not an administrator or in IV/a level. It happened because it needed a credit score of the continuing professional development in every preferment if teachers wanted to have a promotion from III/a to III/b. Then, for III/b and above, they need to complete the credit score through a scientific publication and or an innovative work. This research used literature review, questionnaire, observation sheets and interview in collecting the data. Meanwhile the data analysis used was descriptive qualitative. The results showed two points. First, the presence of a guest teacher through a workshop in SMA N 1 Kuta Selatan could increase teachers’ ability to produce a research and an innovative work. The impact was on the teacher’s promotion in the first cycle from no one to three people (7,69%) in the second cycle. The number of teachers who made proposal and were ready to present it in an academic conference were increasing from three people (7,69%) in the first cycle to eight people (20,51%) in the second cycle. Teachers who wrote scientific articles in an ISSN journal were also increasing from four people (10,25%) in the first cycle to five people (12,82%) in the second cycle. Second, the teachers’ response were also increasing toward the presence of a guest teacher from 72,22%, which was a neutral category in the first cycle, to 83,33%,  a good category in the second cycle. Its effect the students’ achievements, from 72 medals in the first cycle to 88 medals in the second cycle.
La modificación de los planes de estudio en las instituciones de educación superior del estado de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Vázquez García Aracely
Published: February 2020

Se observaron los procesos que conducen a la modificación de los planes de estudio en 14 instituciones de educación superior en Nuevo León, mediante un estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas personales a 38 personas encargadas de organizarlos. El problema fue definido de la siguiente manera: Sobre la base de un conjunto de factores relacionados con los procesos y resultados para la modificación curricular de los planes de estudio, ¿cuáles son las condiciones operativas vigentes que determinan el proceso de diseño curricular para la modificación de un plan de estudios en las instituciones de educación superior en Nuevo León y qué se puede hacer para mejorar el proceso? El objetivo es identificar los aspectos encomiables y mejorables comunes a las instituciones de educación superior en lo que respecta a los procesos que se siguen para la modificación curricular de los planes de estudio, con el fin de proponer recomendaciones que incluyan criterios de planificación y conducción del proceso. Se encontró la práctica de procesos no sistemáticos de planificación y evaluación. Además, se identificó la carencia de aspectos tales como pautas escritas de procedimiento y una estructura que administre y desarrolle los procesos de modificación de los planes de estudio. Entre las fortalezas en el proceso, las personas que se involucran tienen un grado académico adecuado para esa actividad, se integra la participación de administrativos, docentes y consultores externos. Se observa cómo los modelos de política y poder caracterizan la forma como se desarrolla el proceso. Se concluye que la calidad académica de las instituciones puede ser notablemente mejorada si se presta mayor atención a la forma como en la actualidad se desarrollan sus procesos de modificación de planes de estudio.
Actitudes del docente común de la ciudad de Posadas frente a la integración de los niños con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Moroni Edith , Duarte Gladys
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las actitudes de docentes de la escuela común de la ciudad de Posadas, Misiones, Argentina, frente a la integración de niños con Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE). Hasta el momento de la realización del presente estudio no se habían ofrecido cursos de capacitación sobre el tema. El análisis actitudinal giró en torno de dos posturas fundamentales: tolerancia y aceptación. Estas posturas se analizaron, junto con otras variables, entre docentes que habían recibido niños con NEE en sus aulas y quienes nunca tuvieron esta experiencia.

La información fue obtenida mediante una escala actitudinal y un cuestionario adaptados, originariamente elaborados y aplicados en Gran Bretaña y España. Con fines metodológicos, el instrumento fue sometido a un proceso de validación estadística. La muestra definitiva estuvo compuesta por 250 sujetos que fueron seleccionados al azar del total de docentes de la ciudad de Posadas, población previamente relevada.

Los datos obtenidos revelan actitudes más favorables entre los docentes que no han tenido niños integrados en sus aulas en comparación con los que ya han participado en programas de integración.

Un análisis cualitativo permitió identificar uno de los datos más significativos: la percepción que tiene el docente de su capacidad para esta tarea. Se reconocen déficit en los aspectos organizacionales, vocacionales, de capacitación especial, de formación profesional, entre otros, como justificativos de dicha percepción. Los resultados obtenidos son coincidentes con estudios similares realizados en otros países.

Este estudio exploratorio permitió la verificación de los factores más sobresalientes, altamente determinantes en la formación de actitudes hacia la integración: apoyo profesional específico dado por la maestra integradora, capacitación especial, grupos reducidos y grado de severidad.
Simultaneous Determination of Anionic, Amphoteric and Cationic Surfactants Mixtures in Surface Water
Authors: Paun Iuliana , Iancu Vasile Ion , Cruceru Liliana , Niculescu Marcela , Chiriac Florentina Laura
Published: February 2020

A simple, reliable and accurate HPLC/CAD method was developed for the determination of anionic (sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate and sodium 1-dodecane sulfonate), amphoteric (CHAPS (3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonium]-1-propanesulfonate hydrate)) and cationic (benzethonium chloride) surfactants mixture from surface water samples. The chromatographic analysis was performed on an Acclaim Surfactant Plus (150 x 3.0 mm, 3 mm d.p.) column acquired from Thermo Scientific, kept at 300C. All experiments were performed in gradient elution conditions at a flow-rate of 0.6 mL/min. Mobile phase composition was a mixture of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1 M ammonium acetate solution acidified to pH 5 with acetic acid (B). The limit of detection (LD) were 20 mg/L for anionic surfactants and 30 mg/L for cationic and amphoteric surfactants. The calibration curves were linear between 15 mg/L � 110 mg/L, with R2 values above 0.992 for all surfactants. Solid phase extraction (SPE) using polymeric (Strata X) cartridges has been applied to extract and concentrate the target analytes from the synthetic samples. Surfactants recoveries after SPE procedure were situated between 91.5�94.6%. Intra-day and inter-day precision (RSD%) were situated between 4.0 � 7.7% and 7.5 � 11.7%, respectively. Limit of quantitation (LQ) was lower than 80 mg/L for anionic surfactants and 90 mg/L for cationic and 100 mg/L for amphoteric surfactants. The new sensitive and selective HPLC/CAD developed method allows simultaneous determination of anionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants mixture from environmental samples (surface water).
Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Degradation Using Doped TiO2 Functionalized Zeolite Photocatalyst
Authors: Ihos Monica , Bogatu Corneliu , Lazau Carmen , Manea Florica , Pode Rodica
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was the investigation of photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds using doped TiO2 functionalized zeolite photocatalyst. Diclofenac (DCF), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, that represents a biorefractory micropollutant, was chosen as model of pharmaceutically active compound. The photocatalyst was Z-TiO2-Ag. The concentration of DCF in the working solutions was 10 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L and 200 mg/L and of photocatalyst 1 g/L in any experiments. The process was monitored by recording the UV spectra of the treated solutions and total organic carbon (TOC) determination. The UV spectra analysis and TOC removal proved that along the advanced degradation of DCF also a mineralization process occurred. The carried out research provided useful information envisaging the treatment of pharmaceutical effluents by photocatalysis.
Some Considerations Regarding the 1H and 13C Spectra of 4-(1-azulenyl)-2,6-bis(2-heteroaryl-vinyl)- pyrylium and Pyridinium and their Corresponding Pyridines
Authors: Birzan Liviu , Cristea Mihaela , Draghici Constantin C. , Razus Alexandru C.
Published: February 2020

The 1H and 13C NMR spectra of several 2,6-diheteroarylvinyl heterocycles containing 4-azulenyl moiety were recorded and their proton and carbon chemical shifts were compared with those of the compounds without double bond between the heterocycles. The influence of the nature of central and side heterocycles, molecule polarization and anisotropic effects were revealed. The highest chemical shifts were recorded for the pyrylium salts and the lowest at pyridines, but in the case of the pyridinium salts, the protons chemical shifts at the central heterocycle are more shielded due to a peculiar anisotropy of the attached vinyl groups.
Thermal Parameters Influence Assessed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy on a Ni50Ti48Nb2 Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Gherghescu Ioana Arina , Ionita Daniela , Ciuca Sorin , Dumitrescu Ruxandra Elena
Published: February 2020

This paper presents some electrochemical impedance spectroscopy research results concerning the corrosion resistance of a shape memory Ni50Ti48Nb2 alloy. This one was previously studied by SEM and DSC [1,2] but some new research features had to be made clear in order to be able to explain its electrochemical corrosion behavior. The chemical composition Ni50Ti48Nb2 was chosen in order to obtain a shape memory alloy having a wider hysteresis than equiatomic NiTi, for the purpose of achieving a better thermomechanical stability. Cryogenic applications are aimed. After processing the cast ingot, two samples, S1 and S2, were further annealed at 800�C/12 h and, respectively, at 900�C/12h. Scanning electron micrographs together with the chemical elements mapping results were obtained. They were related to the previous results concerning the informations on the structure of the different phases found in this NiTiNb alloy: austenite, martensite and secondary phases, as well as some primary compounds [1,2]. Considering the size and shape of the complex precipitate particles of NiTiNb in the two differently heat treated samples, these were found responsible for some changes in the transformation temperatures [3] but the electrochemical corrosion behavior of the alloy seems to be influenced to a lesser extent by the heat treatments. Both samples exhibit good values of corrosion resistance, however S2 shows better values than S1. Thus lower transformation temperatures and a slightly better corrosion resistance make the Ni50Ti48Nb2 alloy annealed at 900�C/12h subsequently submitted to thermal cycling to be the right choice for producing couplings in the cryogenic industry.
Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty vs Total Arthroplasty of the Patients with Aseptic Necrosis of the Femoral Head - 20 year retrospective study
Authors: Patrascu Alexandru , Savin Liliana , Mihailescu Dan , Greierosu Carmen , Grigorescu Victor , Zlate Teodor , Duceac Letitia Doina , Stafie Liviu , Botez Paul
Published: February 2020

We evaluated 1541 patients with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head who underwent prosthetic surgery over a period of 20 years and assessed each implant survival rate depending on the surgucal technique used. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group contained patients with stage II and III of aseptic necrosis, while the second group contained patients with coxarthrosis secondary to the aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. In 20 years, the revision of the bipolar prosthesis in patients with NACF stage III was rated at 1.65%, p=0.0005 and the total prosthesis was rated 7.41%, in patients with secondary NACF coxarthrosis, in spite of 3.98% which was in patients with NACF, p=0.002. The cotyloid was the most frequent cause for the bipolar prosthesis revision and the aseptic loosening of the cup was the most common cause for the total prosthesis revision in patients with secondary NACF coxarthrosis.
Evaluation of Air Pollution by NO2, SO2, PM10 in Bucharest
Authors: Rusanescu Carmen Otilia , Jinescu Cosmin , Rusanescu Marin , Begea Mihaela , Ghermec Olimpia
Published: February 2020

In this paper is analysed the air quality in urban areas in Bucharest, the analysis was based on the monitoring of the average concentration of particulate matter PM 10, nitrogen oxides, NO2, and sulfur dioxide, SO2 in Bucharest between 2009-2015. The analysis refers to the maximum concentration of 24 h and the occurrence of overruns beyond the limit set. It also looked at the wind regime, air quality and temperature influence on air pollution in Bucharest between 2009-2015.
Synthesis, Characterization and Use of Supported Co/gama-Al2O3 for the Removal of Reactive Blue 19 from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Larion Maria , Muresan Emil Ioan , Radu Cezar Doru , Sandu Ion , Cerempei Angela , Cimpoesu Nicanor
Published: February 2020

In this study, systematic adsorption tests were carried out using Co/gama-Al2O3 adsorbents of different compositions for removal of Reactive Blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray powder diffraction, diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy and EDX analysis. The influences of several parameters such as pH, adsorbent concentration, adsorption time and dye concentration on the adsorption capacity of g-Al2O3 and Co/g-Al2O3 were investigated. The obtained results indicate that the adsorption is strongly dependent on the solution pH. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Reactive blue 19 dye onto Co/gama-Al2O3 takes place at around pH 2. The adsorption process is fast in the first minutes (95% from the amount of dye being removed after 6 minutes).
LUXOS ‘VERDES’ E MUROS INVISÍVEIS:
Authors: Grehs Beck Ceres , Hermínio Cunha Luis Henrique
Published: February 2020

Frente ao atual contexto de crise socioambiental global, a natureza ‘rara’ desponta como elemento determinador de preços e escolhas. Este artigo traz reflexões sobre a iconização da natureza e sua transformação em mercadoria simbólica, vendida na retórica ecológica adotada pelo mercado imobiliário. O corpus de análise se apoiou nas narrativas de 375 anúncios de imóveis veiculados em João Pessoa, Paraíba entre 1960 e 2017. Enquanto nos anos 1960-80, havia uma ênfase sutil para a paisagem, a ventilação, a praia e as árvores, a partir dos anos 2000, a comodificação simbólica da natureza passa a atuar também como um marcador social hierárquico, por meio da elitização do acesso à natureza. Assim, os ‘luxos verdes’ erguem muros invisíveis que excluem simbolicamente. Estes artifícios mercadológicos usados na publicidade imobiliária – negam o ‘direito à cidade’ e ‘à natureza’ – e somam-se ao amplo espectro da urbanização segregadora que se consolidou no Brasil.
O TRABALHO DAS MULHERES NOS ESPAÇOS RURAIS:
Authors: Aguiar Vilênia V. P.
Published: February 2020

Nesse artigo me proponho a refletir sobre o trabalho que as mulheres realizam em contextos rurais, a partir do diálogo com estudiosos do campesinato, sobretudo aqueles que fazem interface com as temáticas de gênero e trabalho. Parto do questionamento acerca da dicotomia trabalho produtivo e trabalho reprodutivo, originária no âmbito da produção do conhecimento social e não do cotidiano da vida dessas mulheres, que exercem o seu trabalho em regime de economia familiar. Nesse sentido, argumento sobre a impossibilidade de analisá-lo, em toda a sua dimensão, sem que se considere a família ou o grupo social no qual essas mulheres estão inseridas ou mesmo as estratégias familiares adotadas. A partir do diálogo com outras categorias como gênero e experiência, incorporadas a uma perspectiva feminista, busco então apontar alguns aspectos que julgo pertinentes para a construção de uma perspectiva analítica consistente. Por fim, considero a possibilidade de diálogos entre os movimentos sociais de mulheres rurais e as teorias feministas, produzidas no Sul global, de modo a favorecer a construção de novas unidades de análise que rompam com as dicotomias e propiciem a construção de novas teorias críticas.
Entrevista com Bernardina da Silveira Pinheiro, tradutora de Ulisses
Authors: Alevato do Amaral Vitor
Published: February 2020

Entrevista com Bernardina da Silveira Pinheiro, tradutora de Ulisses
The Apotheosis Of Tins And/Or Reinterpretation Of The "Phenomenological" In Irish Literature With Special Reference To The Poetry Of Derek Mahon
Authors: Mc Eroy James
Published: February 2020

The Apotheosis Of Tins And/Or Reinterpretation Of The "Phenomenological" In Irish Literature With Special Reference To The Poetry Of Derek Mahon
MENELUSURI KONSEP MODERNITAS DALAM DINAMIKA PEMIKIRAN
Authors: Effendi Achmad
Published: February 2020

This paperentitled â€œTracing the concept of modernity in the Dynamics of Thoughtâ€. Modernity is a historicalphenomenon and it is always interesting to be discussed, as it relates to the past, the present and the future.This paper traces characteristic of modernity in evolving of thought. The emergence of modernity since the16th century is characterized by the philosophical ideas that are different from the previous period that reasonhave a high position and avoid dependence on religion. The characteristics of modern humans from the timeis they who are able to think himself with scientific and rational. Something beyond reason and the physical isa myth and fantasy. While modernity in contemporary Islamic thought related with the intellectual awakening ofIslam, that is reformulating the perspective of Muslims to the principal teachings of Islam and eliminatingtaqleed and taâ€™sub.Key Word: Modernitas, Dinamika Pemikiran, Perspektif Muslim
AbstrakTulisan ini berjudul â€œMenelusuri konsep modernitas dalam Dinamika Pemikiranâ€. Modernitas adalah fenomenahistoris dan selalu menarik untuk didiskusikan, karena berkaitan dengan masa lalu, masa kini dan masadepan. Makalah ini menelusuri karakteristik modernitas dalam evolusi pemikiran.Kemunculan modernitassejak abad ke-16 dicirikan oleh ide-ide filosofis yang berbeda dari periode sebelumnya yang alasannyamemiliki posisi tinggi dan menghindari ketergantungan terhadap agama.Ciri-ciri manusia modern sejak saatitu adalah mereka yang mampu berpikir tentang dirinya secara ilmiah dan rasional.Sesuatu di luar nalar danfisik adalah mitos dan fantasi.Sedangkan modernitas dalam pemikiran Islam kontemporer terkait dengankebangkitan intelektual Islam, yaitu merumuskan kembali perspektif umat Islam terhadap ajaran utama Islamdan menghilangkan taklid dan ekstrim.Kata Kunci: Modernitas, Dinamika Peikiran, Perspektif Muslim
RADIKALISME AGAMA DALAM PERMAINAN BAHASA
Authors: Bahrur Rozi Achmad
Published: February 2020

All religion have different expressions in articulating the truth of their teachings. The differences occur not onlyamongst different religions, but also in school of thoughts, sects, and ideologies in the same religion. Thismeans that the use of religious language amongst the groups is not necessarily lead to one goal and to thesame meaning. This paper aims to examine the use of religious language from the perspective of its usageusing ordinary language philosophy approach (language philosophy) or more specifically known as languagegames intiated by the Austrian-born philosopher Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (1889). Such study is veryimportant to compenstate for current analysis which tends to be empirical-positivistic. This trend emphasizesthe pragmatic aspects of the language than the grammatical aspect. Thus, in the context of religious language,one the same language of riligous language is used not for one purpose only. This means that there is no onlyone way for religious sentences to gain the meaning, but it can discribe some realities depending on the users.Key Word: Language, Bahasa Agama, Makna
AbstrakSemua agama memiliki ekspresi berbeda dalam mengartikulasikan kebenaran ajarannya. Cara pengungkapanyang berbeda ini bahkan tidak hanya terjadi antar-agama yang berbeda, tetapi terjadi juga dalam aliran,mazhab, dan ideology dalam satu agama yang sama. Artinya bahwa penggunaan bahasa agama antarkelompokbelum tentu megarah pada satu sasaran makna yang sama. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji bahasaagama dari perspektif penggunaannya melalui pendekatan filsafat bahasa biasa (language philosophy) ataulebih spesifik dikenal dengan language games yang digagas oleh filsuf kelahiran Austria, Ludwig Josef JohannWittgenstein (1889). Studi semacam ini dipandang sangat penting guna mengimbangi analisis yang selama inicenderung empiris-positivistik. Kecenderungan ini menekankan bahasa pada aspek pragmatic daripada aspekgramatikalnya. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan dalam konteks bahasa agama, bahwa satu bahasa yangsama dari bahasa agama dipakai tidak hanya untuk satu tujuan saja. Ini artinya bahwa pernyataan-pernyataanagama tidak mendapatkan maknanya dengan satu cara saja, tetapi bisa menggambarkan beberapa relaitasmenurut aturan main si pemakainya.Kata Kunci: Language, Bahasa Agama, Makna
Kepemimpinan Kiai
Authors: Syafiqurrahman Syafiqurrahman , Hosnan Mohammad
Published: February 2020

Besides being a Qurâ€™an teacher, the leader of village (Kiai) become community leaders; almost all aspects of people's lives were deferred to the kiai, ranging from religious, educational, social, political, and so on, including the village kiai becoming the traditional leaders of the Kompolan. village kiai use the characteristics of charismatic-collective leadership and transformative leadership. While the capital used is cultural, symbolic modality, which then gives birth to economic capital. Under his leadership, Kompolan was able to contribute to creating an atmosphere of togetherness and unity among individuals in society, developing and strengthening religious knowledge, contributing to empowerment in the economic sector of society, creating a space of actualization for the community.
 
Selain menjadi guru ngaji, kiai kampung juga menjadi pemimpin masyarakat; hampir dalam semua aspek kehidupan masyarakat ditangguhkan kepada kiai, mulai dari persoalan keagamaan, pendidikan, sosial, politik, dan seterusnya, termasuk kiai kampung menjadi pemimpin tradisi kompolan. kiai kampung menggunakan karakter kepemimpinan karismatik-kolektif dan kepemimpinan transformatif. Sedangkan modal yang digunakan adalah modalitas kultural, simbolik, yang kemudian melahirkan modal ekonomi. Di bawah kepemimpinannya, kompolan mampu memberikan kotribusi dalam menciptakan suasana kebersamaan dan kebersatuan antar individu di masyarakat, pengembangan dan pemantapan ilmu keagamaan, memberikan sumbangsih pemberdayaan di bidang ekonomi masyarakat, menciptakan ruang aktualisasi bagi masyarakat.
 
Kata Kunci (Keyword): Kepemimpinan, Kiai Kampung, Tradisi Kompolan.
Perspektif Pesantren Ditengah Kubangan Arus Modernisasi
Authors: Aisyah Siti
Published: February 2020

Proses modernisasi, yang dijalankan oleh dunia Barat sejak zaman renaissans,itu disamping membawa dampak positif, juga telah menimbulkan dampak negatif.Dampak positifnya, modernisasi telah membawa kemudahan-kemudahan dalamkehidupan manusia, sementara dampak negatf, modenisasi telah menimbulkankrisis makna hidup, kehampaan spiritual dan tersingkirnya agama dalamkehidupan manusia. Problematika manusia modern baik menyangkuteksistensinya maupun aspek dalamnya merupakan fenomena menarik yangmenjadi kajian psikologi, baik eksistensialis maupun psikoanalisis pada abad 21Kata Kunci: Pesantren, Arus Modernisasi
PERSPEKTIF PEREMPUAN TERHADAP PROSTITUSI
Authors: Pascawati Nadia Putri
Published: February 2020

Perempuan dalam jeratan dunia prostitusi tanpa disadari menjadi hal yang marak terjadi. Dunia prostitusi terbagi menjadi beberapa kelas sosial. Berbicara prostitusi pasti juga berbicara tentang kelas sosial. Undang-undang menjamin penghidupan yang layak, dan sama kedudukannya di mata hukum bagi tiap-tiap warga negaranya. Seperti yang diamanatkan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 pasal 27 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia. Disamping itu perempuan dianggap sebagai mahkluk yang lemah yang dapat diperdagangkan adalah perspektif yang harus kita semua perangi. Banyak buku sejarah yang mengatakan bahwa menjadi seorang perempuan artinya menjadi perhiasan bagi laki-laki. Pemikiran-pemikiran seperti ini yang melemahkan mental perempuan. Padahal banyak undang-undang di Indonesia yang melindungi hak-hak perempuan. Akibatnya banyak perempuan yang putus asa dan memilih jalan pintas untuk bertahan hidup dengan masuk ke dunia prostitusi. Hukum positif di Indonesia hanya mengatur tentang orang yang memperdagangkan orang lain saja. Sementara orang yang diperdagangkan tidak dikenai hukuman apapun. Faktanya, banyak di masyarakat yang terjadi adalah orang yang diperdagangkan meminta secara aktif kepada mucikari untuk diperdagangkan. Adanya perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 untuk memberi sanksi kepada pelaku prostitusi diharapkan sebagai bentuk peringatan keras untuk memberantas prostitusi itu sendiri. Perlu disadari bahwa dalam prostitusi perempuan bukan hanya berperan sebagai korban tetapi juga sebagai pelaku. Jika tidak ada pelaku maka perbuatan prostitusi tersebut juga tidak akan ada. Sehingga tidak saja mucikari dan pengguna jasa yang menjadi sasaran hukum sementara perempuan yang menjajahkan dirinya dilindungi oleh hukum dan dianggap sebagai korban, sementara faktanya perempuan tersebut tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai korban yang berada dibawah paksaan ataupun ancaman kekerasan. Pada kenyataannya prostitusi itu ada dan tetap akan terus ada walaupun kita membuat peraturan-peraturan untuk melarang keberadaannya bahkan prostitusi telah melibatkan anak-anak dibawah umur yang seharusnya dilindungi hak-haknya oleh orang-orang dewasa disekitarnya. Pada kondisi seperti itu, yang terbaik adalah kita membuat peraturan-peraturan untuk mengaturnya. Jadi, prostitusi tetap dapat dilakukan tetapi kondisi pelaksanaannya harus secara jelas didefinisikan di dalam undang-undang. Dalam karya ilmiah ini menggunakan metode teknik pengumpulan data kepustakaan dari data primer dan sekunder dengan analisis data deskriptif.
Testing the Four Factors of the Carhart Model Against Excess Return of Shares in Companies Registered in the Kompas 100 Index for the 2014-2016 Period
Authors: Mahmud Delvira
Published: February 2020

The researcher intends to test the four carhart factor model of stock excess return in companies incorporated in Kompas 100 for the 2014-2016 period. Regression analysis was performed on four carhart factor models, namely market returns, firm size, book to market, and momentum towards excess return. The results of this study indicate that in the partial hypothesis testing market return, firm size, and book to market equty variables significantly influence the excess return, while the momentum variable does not significantly influence the magnitude of excess return.Keywords: Four factors, market returns, firm size, book to market equity, momentum, excess stock returns
How Does The Relationship Between Lifestyle With Consumer Decisions In Buying Motorbikes?
Authors: Taan Hapsawati , Radji Djoko Lesmana
Published: February 2020

This study aims to test and analyze the influence of lifestyle on purchasing decisions of Yamaha ZR vega motorcycles at PT. Hasjrat Abadi Gorontalo. This research uses quantitative methods. Respondents are they who ever buy vega zr motors for three last years of 2016, 2017, 2018 that all over 97 people. Data were analyzed using simple regression analysis. The results showed that lifestyle variables had a significant effect on purchasing decisions at PT Hasjrat Abadi Gorontalo City. Suggestions should the leadership of PT Hasjrat Abadi Kota Gorontalo pay more attention to consumer lifestyles, for example, from various motor designs, motorcycle brand images and promotions. In addition, it is expected to pay more attention to the selection of inadequate alternatives and the lack of products with the latest models.
Technical And Economic Analysis Of Catching Equipment Totaluo In Nike Fishing (Awaous Melanocephalus) In Gorontalo City
Authors: Wolok Tineke , Fachrussyah Zhulmaydin Chairil , Yantu Irwan
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe totaluo and describe the feasibility status of nike (Awaous melanocephalus) fishing businesses using totaluo. This research was conducted in Gorontalo City in December 2018-February 2019. The analysis used in this study was descriptive analysis, cost analysis and R / C Ratio analysis. The results showed that Totaluo is shaped like two triangles which are joined together at one end and are equipped with nails. If observed, totaluo is similar to other types of fishing gear included in the Scoop net category. R / C Ratio analysis got a value of 2.68 so that the nike fishing business (Awaous melanocephalus) using totaluo could be declared feasible to be carried out / continued because the R / C Ratio value 0
The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Profitability of Banking Companies
Authors: Gani Agustin Sri Mutiara , Machmud Rizan , Selvi Selvi
Published: February 2020

This research is motivated by a decrease in profitability in several companies over the last few years. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of intellectual capital on the decline in profitability of banking companies over the past few years. This study has two types of variables consisting of dependent variables namely intellectual capital whose indicators are (VACA, VAHU, and STVA), while the independent variable is profitability whose indicators are represented by (ROE) in the 2013-2017 period. The results of this study indicate simultaneously VACA, VAHU, and STVA have an influence on company ROE. Partially VACA, and STVA have a significant influence on company ROE. Whereas VAHU has a negative influence on company ROE. 29.3% of all variables in this research model namely VACA, VAHU, and STVA have a contribution to affect profitability (ROE)
BreakBRD Galaxies. I. Global Properties of Spiral Galaxies with Central Star Formation in Red Disks
Authors: Tuttle Sarah E. , Tonnesen Stephanie
Published: February 2020

We introduce a collection of primarily centrally star-forming galaxies that are selected by disk color to have truncated disk star formation. We show that common explanations for centrally concentrated star formation—low stellar mass, bars, and high-density environments—do not universally apply to this sample. To gain insight into our sample, we compare these galaxies to a parent sample of strongly star-forming galaxies and to a parent sample of galaxies with low specific star formation rates. We find that in star formation and color space from ultraviolet to the infrared these galaxies either fall between the two samples or agree more closely with galaxies with high specific star formation rates. Their morphological characteristics also lie between high and low specific star formation rate galaxies, although their Petrosian radii agree well with that of the low specific star formation rate parent sample. We discuss whether this sample is likely to be quenching or showing an unusual star formation distribution while continuing to grow through star formation. Future detailed studies of these galaxies will give us insights into how the local conditions within a galaxy balance environmental influence to govern the distribution of star formation. In this first paper in a series, we describe the global properties that identify this sample as separate from more average spiral galaxies, and we identify paths forward to explore the underlying causes of their differences.
Empirical Calibration of the Reddening Maps in the Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Górski Marek , Zgirski Bartłomiej , Pietrzyński Grzegorz , Gieren Wolfgang , Wielgórski Piotr , Graczyk Dariusz , Kudritzki Rolf-Peter , Pilecki Bogumił , Narloch Weronika , Karczmarek Paulina , Suchomska Ksenia , Taormina Mónica
Published: February 2020

We present reddening maps of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), based on color measurements of the red clump. Reddening values of our maps were obtained by calculating the difference of the observed and intrinsic color of the red clump in both galaxies. To obtain the intrinsic color of the red clump, we used reddenings obtained from late-type eclipsing binary systems, measurements for blue supergiants and reddenings derived from Strömgren photometry of B-type stars. We obtained intrinsic color of the red clump (V − I)0 = 0.838 ± 0.034 mag in the LMC, and (V − I)0 = 0.814 ± 0.034 mag in the SMC. We prepared our map with 3′ resolution, covering the central part of the LMC and SMC. The mean value of the reddening is E(B − V)LMC = 0.127 mag and E(B − V)SMC = 0.084 mag for the LMC and SMC, respectively. The systematic uncertainty of the average reddening value assigned to each field of our maps is 0.013 mag for both Magellanic Clouds. Our reddening values are on average higher by 0.061 mag for the LMC and 0.054 mag for the SMC, compared with the maps of Haschke et al. We also compared our values with different types of reddening tracers. Cepheids, RR Lyrae stars, early-type eclipsing binaries, and other reddening estimations based on the red clump color on average show reddenings consistent with our map to within a few hundredths of magnitude.
Elemental Abundances in M31: A Comparative Analysis of Alpha and Iron Element Abundances in the the Outer Disk, Giant Stellar Stream, and Inner Halo of M31
Authors: Escala Ivanna , Gilbert Karoline M. , Kirby Evan N. , Wojno Jennifer , Cunningham Emily C. , Guhathakurta Puragra
Published: February 2020

We measured [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] using spectral synthesis of low-resolution stellar spectroscopy for 70 individual red-giant-branch stars across four fields spanning the outer disk, Giant Stellar Stream (GSS), and inner halo of M31. Fields at M31-centric projected distances of 23 kpc in the halo, 12 kpc in the halo, 22 kpc in the GSS, and 26 kpc in the outer disk are α-enhanced, with

[α/Fe]

 = 0.43, 0.50, 0.41, and 0.58, respectively. The 23 and 12 kpc halo fields are relatively metal-poor, with

[Fe/H]

 = −1.54 and −1.30, whereas the 22 kpc GSS and 26 kpc outer disk fields are relatively metal-rich with

[Fe/H]

 = −0.84 and −0.92, respectively. For fields with substructure, we separated the stellar populations into kinematically hot stellar halo components and kinematically cold components. We did not find any evidence of a radial [α/Fe] gradient along the high surface brightness core of the GSS between ∼17 and 22 kpc. However, we found tentative suggestions of a negative radial [α/Fe] gradient in the stellar halo, which may indicate that different progenitor(s) or formation mechanisms contributed to the build up of the inner versus outer halo. Additionally, the [α/Fe] distribution of the metal-rich ([Fe/H] > −1.5), smooth inner stellar halo (rproj ≲ 26 kpc) is inconsistent with having formed from the disruption of a progenitor(s) similar to present-day M31 satellite galaxies. The 26 kpc outer disk is most likely associated with the extended disk of M31, where its high α-enhancement provides support for an episode of rapid star formation in M31's disk possibly induced by a major merger.
On the Possibility of GW190425 Being a Black Hole–Neutron Star Binary Merger
Authors: Kyutoku Koutarou , Fujibayashi Sho , Hayashi Kota , Kawaguchi Kyohei , Kiuchi Kenta , Shibata Masaru , Tanaka Masaomi
Published: February 2020

We argue that the kilonova/macronova associated with the gravitational-wave event GW190425 could have been bright enough to be detected if it was caused by the merger of a low-mass black hole (BH) and a neutron star (NS). Although tidal disruption occurs for such a low-mass BH is generally expected, the masses of the dynamical ejecta are limited to ≲10−3
M
⊙, which is consistent with previous work in the literature. The remnant disk could be as massive as 0.05–0.1 M
⊙, and the disk outflow of ∼0.01–0.03 M
⊙ is likely to be driven by viscous or magnetohydrodynamic effects. The disk outflow may not be neutron-rich enough to synthesize an abundance of lanthanide elements, even in the absence of strong neutrino emitter, if the ejection is driven on the viscous timescale of ≳0.3 s. If this is the case, the opacity of the disk outflow is kept moderate, and a kilonova/macronova at the distance of GW190425 reaches a detectable brightness of 20–21 mag at 1 day after merger for most viewing angles. If some disk activity ejects the mass within ∼0.1 s, instead, lanthanide-rich outflows would be launched and the detection of emission becomes challenging. Future possible detections of kilonovae/macronovae from GW190425-like systems will disfavor the prompt collapse of binary NSs and a non-disruptive low-mass BH–NS binary associated with a small NS radius, whose mass ejection is negligible. The host-galaxy distance will constrain the viewing angle and deliver further information about the mass ejection.
Outbreak investigation of septicemic salmonellosis in calves
Authors: Guizelini Carolina C , Tutija Juliane F , Morais Dayane R , Bacha Flávia B , Ramos Carlos A N , Leal Cássia R B , Zaquetti Maria E , Lemos Ricardo A A
Published: February 2020

Introduction: An early and accurate diagnosis of septicemic salmonellosis is critical for implementing timely and proper treatment, prevention, and control measures.

Methodology: Here, we report a study on three outbreaks of septicemic salmonellosis in calves from Midwestern Brazil.

Results: the morbidity, mortality and lethality rates were of 10.55%, 2.79%, and 26.4%, respectively. Higher susceptibility was detected in Bos taurus than in Bos indicus cattle. Clinical manifestations consisted of apathy, hyperthermia, difficulty breathing and panting, and pallor of the mucous membranes. Chronic cases had necrosis of the tail tip and ears. Gross findings included enlarged liver, non-collapsed edematous lungs and diphtheritic enteritis. Significant histopathological changes included paratyphoid nodules in the liver and acute interstitial pneumonia. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Dublin was detected by culture and by PCR from the blood of live calves, and from the spleen, liver, bile, mesenteric lymph node and lung samples of necropsied calves.

Conclusions: We suggest that in clinical cases of septicemic salmonellosis, blood samples are better than fecal samples for detection of the agent, being a sound test to identify animal carriers in the herd.
Risk factors associated with poor clinical outcome in pyogenic spinal infections: 5-years’ intensive care experience
Authors: Milosevic Branko , Cevik Muge , Urosevic Aleksandar , Nikolic Natasa , Poluga Jasmina , Jovanovic Milica , Milosevic Ivana , Micic Jelena , Paglietti Bianca , Barac Aleksandra
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Management of pyogenic spinal infections (PSI) after the development of neurological deficit has not been specifically addressed in the literature. We aimed to describe real-life clinical outcomes of PSI in patients admitted to an intensive care unit with neurological deficit and identify factors associated with good prognosis.

Methodology: Consecutive patients admitted to ICU with a possible diagnosis of spinal infection over five years’ period were included. Descriptive statistics were performed to examine the demographics and clinical parameters.

Results: The majority (71%) of patients were male. The mean age was 57.4 years (27-79), and 71% were > 50 years old. At least one underlying risk factor was identified in 68% of the patients; the most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (DM). All patients have presented with fever accompanied by a neurological deficit (86%) and back pain (79%). A complete recovery was achieved in 25% of patients. However, the majority of patients had adverse outcomes with 21.4% mortality, and 43% remaining neurological sequelae. Increased age with a cut-off of 65 years and pre-existing DM were identified as being associated with poor outcome.

Conclusion: Mortality among patients admitted to ICU with PSI was significantly higher than reported in the literature. The residual neurological deficit was common, one-third of patients had remaining neurological sequelae, and only one-fourth had complete recovery. Increased age and background DM were the most important determinants of poor clinical outcome. The impact of DM appears to be much more important than currently recognised in this population.