bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the Mentha spicata leaves in reducing testosterone levels and aggressive behaviour in female Wistar albino rats treated with testosterone propionate
Authors: Taha Zahraa A. , Abdul-Hadi Chabuk Halla , Hassan Alaa Jawad
Published: March 2024

High testosterone hormone levels play an important role in exhibiting aggressive behaviour and several disorders in female rodents and women. The present study aimed to determine the protective role of the alcoholic extract of Mentha spicata leaves (MSL) in the reduction of the level of testosterone and aggressive behaviour of female rats that suffer from high levels of testosterone. A total of 30 female Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 Groups. Group 1: Control rats received sesame oil(0.5 ml). Group 2: Rats injected with testosterone propionate (TP) alone. Group 3: Rats received MSL alone (100 mg/kg) orally. Groups 4, 5, and 6: Rats received TP + MSL, 6mg/rat of TP followed by 200, 400, and 600 mg/rat, respectively) for 60 days. The testosterone, dopamine, and aggressive behaviour were measured using specialized ELISA test kits. The results showed that testosterone and dopamine levels in the serum had a significant decrease (P<0.05) (4.82 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 272.83 (pg/ml) in dopamine) in animals treated with MSL only compared to Group 2, which found a significant rise (p<0.05) (16.52 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 607.59 (pg/ml) in dopamine) in the levels of testosterone and dopamine. The results exhibited a significant rise (P<0.05) in the aggressive behaviour in Group 2 of rats compared to the control and other Groups. In comparison, aggressive behaviour was significantly decreased (P<0.05) (7.40 (ng/ml) in testosterone and 263.49 (ng/ml) in dopamine)  in Groups 2, 4, 5, and 6. Thus, the study revealed the protective role of the alcoholic extract of MSL in reducing levels of testosterone and aggressive behaviour in female rats suffering from higher levels of testosterone.
Anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity of Spirulina platensis ethanolic extract against Caco-2 and HepG2 cancer cell lines
Authors: Al-saily Hala M.N. , Hassan Walaa Salih , Chabuk Halla Abdul-Hadi
Published: March 2024

Spirulina platensis is blue-green algae received significant attention for its high nutritional value, it is a source of powerful antioxidants. The cytotoxicity of crude extract is not well recorded. The aim of current study to evaluate the cytotoxicity of S. platensis extracts on colon cancer (CaCo-2), hepatic cancer (HepG2) cell lines, normal fibroblast cells line (HdFn) and also antioxidant activity. The percent of 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity was determined for serial concentrations of extract ranging from 3.125 to 200 μg/ml. Cell lines were treated for 24 hours with different concentrations of extract ranging from 25 to 400 µg/ml. Cell viability testing using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay which determined how the extract affected caspase 9 activity. The results revealed that extract had moderate antioxidant activity, showing the DPPH scavenging activity reached 58% in a concentration of 200μg/ml, and IC50 was 95.84 μg/ml. The extract significantly decreased CaCo-2 cell viability with IC50 99.12 µg/ml, compared to HdFn viability with IC50 157.6 µg/ml. On CaCo-2 cells, the extract's cytotoxicity was more evident (P< 0.05) than HdFn cells. The extract had more significant (P<0.05) cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines and also significantly decreased the viability of HepG2 cells with IC50 167.4 µg/ml, than the viability of HdFn with IC50 214.9 μg/ml. The extract revealed significantly higher (P< 0.05) cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells than the normal HdFn cells. This study concluded that the extract exerted a dose-dependent anti-proliferation effect on CaCo-2 cells and HepG2 cells by comparing them with HdFn cells.
Influence of vegetation index to the rainfall intensity in Pasuruan Area, East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suharyanto Agus , Pujiraharjo Alwafi , Iqbal M. Taufik
Published: March 2024

An increase in population increases the rate of urbanization. This results in changes in land cover from vegetation to artificial material. As a result, much of the land surface reflects the sun's energy. Consequently, this increases the surface temperature of the land. An increase in land surface temperature (LST) will increase the intensity of rainfall. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the increase in LST and rainfall intensity. Changes in land cover can be detected by normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) parameters. Landsat satellite imagery was used to detect NDVI, NDBI, and LST. Image processing was done for imageries scanned in 1995, 2015, 2017, and 2021. Two areas in the East Java Province of Indonesia, namely Malang City and Pasuruan Area, were selected. The daily rainfall intensity data were collected from related rainfall stations in the same year. The Mononobe method was applied to analyze hourly and minute rainfall intensity. IDF curves were drawn from the analyzed results. The relationship between both parameters was analyzed by comparing the LST and hourly rainfall intensity from the IDF curve. The studied results showed that the maximum temperature increase from 1995 to 2021 for the Malang City and Pasuruan Area was 2.60 C and 7.60 C, respectively. For rain, the maximum rainfall intensity increased by 58 mm for Malang City and 18 mm for the Pasuruan Area. LST and rainfall intensity change trends of the two areas had a positive coefficient of regression. The findings can be used to predict the rainfall intensity and floods based on the LST data.
Effect of quercetin on some biochemical parameters in adult rats treated with sodium nitrite
Authors: Mahmoud Eman Salem , Al-Hayali Mutaa Abdulmtaleb , Abdulilahabdulmawjood Sana
Published: March 2024

Sodium nitrite and quercetin are frequently employed as protective agents on glucose levels, levels of thyroid hormones, and lipid profile. The present study aimed to see the quercetin effect on some biochemical parameters in adult rats treated with sodium nitrite. A total of twenty-one laboratory animals (Wistar albino rats) were used in this experiment, separated into three groups of seven animals each.  During the trial, Group I was given water only to drink and Group II received sodium nitrite directly by oral feeding needle. The study used 80 mg.kg-1/body weight (BW) of sodium nitrite, while Group IIIreceived drinking water containing sodium nitrite orally in doses of up to 80 mg.kg-1 BW and quercetin with a (50 mg/kg ). After blood was drawn and serum extracted, the parameters determined were thyroid hormones, lipids, Homeostasis Model Evaluation for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose level. The study observed that compared to the controls, the insulin (HOMA-IR) and sugar levels and lipid profile of the sodium-nitrite treated group were much higher. The sodium nitrite-treated group also had a substantial drop in thyroid hormone concentrations and a rise in Thyroid Stimulated Hormone (TSH), whereas the quercetin alleviated the harmful effects of sodium nitrate by lowering blood sugar, insulin, HOMA-IR,and improved the lipid profile.  There was an improvement in glucose, insulin resistance, lipidemia, and TSH hormone levels, which increased as a result of exposure to nitrite. Thus, the present study demonstrated  how  quercetin protected against sodium nitrite-induced toxicity by improving several biochemical parameters in adult rats.
Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of Hibiscus rosa sinensis on streptozotocin-induced diabetes on Wistar albino rats
Authors: Chauhan K. , Rani S.
Published: March 2024

The chronic metabolic disease known as diabetes mellitus causes hyperglycemia in the body. Antioxidant and antidiabetic qualities are well-known benefits of Hibiscus rosa sinensis (HRS). In this work, diabetic Wistar albino rats were used to assess the antidiabetic properties of HRS flower extract. A total of 18 animals were taken and divided into three groups (n = 6) – (Group 1): Normal control group, (Group 2): Diabetic control group, (Group 3): Diabetic group treated with a 125 mg/kg dose of HRS flower extract. Group 2 animals showed a progressive decrease in body weight, while Group 1 animals showed a considerable gain in body weight. After overcoming the weight loss, Group 3 animals also showed an increase in body weight that was similar to Group 1. Group 2 animals had blood glucose levels higher than 400 mg/dL, but Group 1 animals had blood glucose levels below 200 mg/dL throughout the experiment. Group 3 animals first had glucose levels higher than 350 mg/dL and then lower than 200 mg/dL, comparable to Group 1 animals. Upon histological examination, the pancreatic islets of Group 2 animals showed vacuolation, necrosis, and degeneration. The animals in Group 3 displayed regenerated islets of Langerhans and enhanced pancreatic anatomy. The animals in Group 3 also returned to normal in terms of body weight and blood glucose levels, similar to those in Group 1. These findings show that Hibiscus rosa sinensis has potential as an alternative diabetic treatment; further research is needed to fully understand its modes of action and long-term effects.
Detection of vegetation cover change in the Southern region of Bangladesh using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) practices
Authors: Naher Nazmun , Zannat Jayan Saosan , Sharna Jahamina Jarin
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is extremely vulnerable to climate change, and vegetation indices serve as sensitive indicators. Due to the impacts of climate change, the cropping intensity of Southern region of Bangladesh is very low. So, this study aimed to analyze the changes in vegetation cover over time using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and identify the use of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies and the benefits of using such technologies. A questionnaire survey was carried out by purposive random sampling method to detect 120 farmers’ socioeconomic status, hazards faced by climate change, adopted climate smart agricultural practices and its benefits for assessing Adaptive Strategy Index (ASI) in Amtali upazila of Barguna district and Kalapara upazila of Patuakhali district. NDVI analysis of multi-spectral remote sensing data from 2012 and 2022 indicated the extent of sparse vegetation of Kalapara has increased. Western part of Amtali upazila, fallow areas have become lessened in 2022 (354.55 km2) compared to 2012 (368.78 km2) due to adopting different CSA practices. Saline-tolerant crop varieties, sunflowers, and watermelon cultivation were the highest ranked among the CSA practices, with 301, 300, and 296 ASI, respectively. Calculated weighted average of CSA practices indicated the reduction of production cost, increased family income (49.19%) and cropping intensity (51.67%), which impacts developed social bonding.
Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde İlkokul 4. Sınıf Tabiat Tedkiki ve Hıfzıssıhha Ders Kitabının Günümüz Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Turamanlar Ozan , Turamanlar Hanım  Selin
Published: March 2024

Amaç: Eğitim-öğretimin olmazsa olmaz elemanlarından biri olan ders kitapları, her zaman üzerinde hassasiyetle durulan bir eğitim materyalidir. Çünkü bu materyaller aracılığıyla yaşa uygun bilgi ve beceri kazandırılır ve bu durum geleceği şekillendirecek ve yön verecek olan öğrenciler için oldukça önemlidir. Amacımız, 1926-1927 yıllarında basılan ilk mektep dördüncü sınıf Tabiat Tedkiki ve Hıfzıssıhha başlıklı kitap ile içeriğinde yer alan konuların günümüz ilkokul ve ortaokul düzeyinde okutulan ders kitaplarındaki konular ile karşılaştırması yapılarak, aradan geçen yaklaşık yüzyıllık süreçte eğitim ve öğretimdeki değişimi ve gelişmeleri karşılaştırmalı olarak göstermektir.
Yöntem: Osmanlı Türkçesi ile yazılan “Tabiat Tedkiki ve Hıfzıssıhha” ders kitabının yazınsal ve şekilsel analizi yapıldı. Bir nüshası yazarlarda bulunan kitabın çevirisi de yazarlar tarafından gerçekleştirildi. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılarak günümüz ders kitapları ile biçim ve içerik özellikleri açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Kitapların baş sayfalarında içerik hakkında bilgilerden bahsetmesi, konuların resimlerle desteklenmesi, konu sonunda sorular sorulması, konuların öğrencilerin anlayabileceği düzeyde örneklerle açıklanması, konuların hastalıklar ve klinik birtakım olgularla pekiştirilmesi yönünden benzer özellikler taşımaktadır. Tabiat Tedkiki ve Hıfzıssıhha kitabının ücretli olması, görsel ve yazılı metinlerin kaynağının belirtilmemiş olması yönünden de farklılıkları bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca içerik yönünden günümüzde çoğunlukla 6. sınıf ders kitabı içeriği ile uyumlu olması dikkat çekicidir.
Sonuç: Tabiat Tedkiki ve Hıfzıssıhha ders kitabının günümüz ders kitapları ile olan karşılaştırılmasının yapıldığı araştırmamız ile dönemsel olarak yapılan bu şekilde analizler ile geleceği doğru ve etkili tasarlayabilmek için geçmişi ve bugünü irdelemekten geçtiğine inanmaktayız. Ayrıca yaptığımız bu araştırma ile konu ile ilgilenen uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara bir kaynakça sunmak, tasarım ve planlamalarına da ışık tutacağı kanaatindeyiz.
Legal Policy of President Joko Widodo and the Independence of Constitutional Court
Authors: Arizona Yance
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the independence of the Constitutional Court in reviewing legislation created by President Joko Widodo. There are three main questions posted: What is the character of legal policy under President Joko Widodo, how has the role of the Constitutional Court shifted in the last decade and what is the character of the Constitutional Court’s decisions in reviewing legislation enacted by President Joko Widodo. These questions are discussed using normative research on Constitutional Court decisions. Data from the results of this research are deployed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative data is displayed to show legislative trends and Constitutional Court decisions. Analysis was carried out on 78 laws and 277 Constitutional Court Decisions. Meanwhile, qualitative research is to assess the character of legislation and Constitutional Court decisions through case studies of several Constitutional Court decisions related to politics, economics, law enforcement institutions and civil liberties. This article shows that the Constitutional Court has not been effective in exercising judicial review of legislation enacted under President Joko Widodo, amidst an increasingly abusive legislative process.
Irisan Penguasan Negara dan Desentralisasi dalam Prospek Pengaturan Energi Terbarukan di Indonesia
Authors: Failaq Muhammad RM Fayasy , Nusantara Irma Aulia Pertiwi
Published: March 2024

Energi terbarukan berbeda dengan energi konvensional karena sifat hijau serta persebaran dan potensi yang sangat besar pada daerah di Indonesia. Namun, saat ini belum terdapat regulasi terintegrasi terkait energi terbarukan karena masih menjadi Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) dalam Prolegnas tahun 2022. Penelitian ini akan memberikan pandangan terhadap beberapa undang-undang yang mengatur konsepsi kewenangan bagi pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam pengelolaan energi terbarukan. Selanjutnya, akan dianalisis prospek pengaturan energi terbarukan dengan telaah penguasaan negara dan desentralisasi dengan mempertimbangkan potensi serta kesiapan daerah. Penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan metode penelitian kepustakaan. Sumber data dan bahan hukum yang diperoleh akan dianalisis secara kualitatif.  Temuan dari penelitian ini, konsep penguasaan negara memiliki irisan dengan desentralisasi dalam pengelolaan sumber daya energi.  Daerah di Indonesia memiliki potensi yang sangat besar namun bermasalah di kesiapan. Untuk itu perlu diundangkan RUU EBT sebagai dasar hukum untuk menunjang percepatan energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Dalamnya, lima fungsi penguasaan negara dijalankan berdasar desentralisasi secara ideal yang lebih cocok untuk pengembangan energi terbarukan.
Antinomy of Biological Father's Liability to Out-of-Marriage Children in Notary Deed
Authors: Yohanes Joshua , Djaja Benny
Published: March 2024

Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 impacts the position of a child out of wedlock. With the enactment of the decision, a legal relationship arises between the child out of wedlock and his biological father. This article discusses the position of children out of wedlock after the decision is made and how the decision is applied in a notarial deed. The method used in this study is the normative legal method, in which research analyzes norms, laws, regulations, and legal theory related to applying the abovementioned decisions in the context of civil relations of illegitimate children in a notarial deed. Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 shows that it cannot be directly applied as a basis for kinship relations between illegitimate children and their fathers. However, this relationship can be recognized through a court decision taking into account science and technology and other relevant evidence.
Hak Menguasai Negara: Konsep dan Implikasinya terhadap Penggunaan Energi Terbarukan di Indonesia
Authors: Imawan Riswandha , Al Yasir
Published: March 2024

Hak Menguasai Negara (HMN) memberikan otoritas kepada pemerintah dalam melakukan pemanfaatan terhadap bumi, air, dan kekayaan alam. HMN merupakan refleksi atas Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD NRI tahun 1945. Kerusakan lingkungan yang semakin masif bahan bakar fosil mensyaratkan pentingnya transisi energi di Indonesia. Penggunaan energi terbarukan dapat menjadi sumber energi sekaligus mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penggunaan energi terbarukan yang ramah terhadap lingkungan seharusnya tidak menjadikannya sebagai suatu pilihan, melainkan sebagai kewajiban untuk digunakan secara meluas di Indonesia. Pokok permasalahan tersebut melahirkan pertanyaan yakni bagaimana konsepsi HMN dan hubungannya terhadap peran pemerintah dalam menciptakan iklim energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Penelitian hukum normatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pada akhirnya diketahui bahwa konsep HMN telah memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah dalam melakukan peruntukan dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam di Indonesia. Kewenangan pemerintah melalui HMN dapat menjadi sarana dalam membuat regulasi maupun kebijakan atas penggunaan energi terbarukan di Indonesia, serta ditujukan untuk menciptakan sebesar-besar kemakmuran rakyat.
REPORTE DE UN ACCIDENTE DE TRABAJO IN ITINERE CALIFICADO POR EL INSTITUTO ECUATORIANO DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL
Authors: Cornejo Cartagena Ivan
Published: March 2024

Las fracturas localizadas en la cabeza o cuello de la falange proximal son frecuentemente inestables y al ser complejas tienden a ser fracturas difíciles de realizar un tratamiento eficaz, por ende, tampoco es infrecuente que se produzcan complicaciones, un buen diagnóstico y tratamiento son sustanciales para lograr resultados óptimos. En este artículo damos a conocer un caso clínico de una fractura de no desplazada de falange proximal que fue tratado de una forma conservadora evitando la cirugía a consecuencia de un accidente de trabajo de tipo in itinere.
Análisis de la Variabilidad en la Cobertura de Manglares en las Islas Galápagos a través de un Análisis Multitemporal con Imágenes Satelitales Landsat 7 y Landsat 8
Authors: Avilés Sacoto Estefanía Caridad , León Paredes Zuley Estefanía
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo se basó en el análisis de cambio de la cobertura de manglar y su variabilidad en la provincia de Galápagos en un periodo de veinte años, los manglares son ecosistemas que proporcionan beneficios ecológicos, económicos, así como culturales, pero sub- valorizados por lo que se van perdiendo año a año por actividades antrópicas. La zona de estudio presentó una extensión de terreno de 822778.6 Ha y la metodología aplicada residió en identificar las zonas donde la cobertura vegetal era manglar, para ello se consideró el uso de imágenes satelitales del sensor Landsat 7 y 8, para los años 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 y 2020 respectivamente. Consecutivamente, se realizaron los mapas de uso de suelo y cobertura vegetal correspondientes a cada año de estudio. Se analizó la comparación año con año y se generaron matrices de cambio, se observó que el año de mayor cobertura vegetal de manglar fue el 2020 con un área total de 3915.3 Ha. De igual forma, se identificó al 2000 como el año con menos cobertura de manglar reflejando un total de 2977.6 Ha. La variación de dichos valores responde a la alta presencia de especies arbóreas asociadas como: manzanillo, acacia y botoncillo entre otras, además de cambios ambientales y meteorológicos. Finalmente, para la validación de resultados se emplearon dos métodos: un muestreo estratificado para la clasificación supervisada, y un análisis y comparación con otros estudios de manglares en las Islas Galápagos.
On attracting foreign direct investment: an empirical analysis of investment cooperation between the EAEU and BRICS
Authors: Mamedov Tural , Khomyakova Lyubov , Novitskaya Alla , Chupin Alexander , Gavrilin Andrey , Medvedeva Marina , Morkovkin Dmitry
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the features of att racting direct investment between the EAEU and BRICS countries at the present stage. Th e aim of the article is to identify the key problems and prospects of att racting foreign direct investment between the EAEU and BRICS countries in modern conditions. Th ere is identifi ed the key obstacles to increasing investment att ractiveness within the fr amework of the EAEU and BRICS based on the data of the international rating of economic fr eedom in 2021. Th e main problems of the development of direct investment between the EAEU and BRICS countries are disclosed.
KAJIAN SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR LIMBAH PABRIK KARET PT KIRANA WINDU TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI RAWAS KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS UTARA
Authors: Arbi Bella Pertiwi , HP Agus Martono , Budiyanto Budiyanto
Published: March 2024

Pembuangan Air Limbah yang merupakan hasil sisa dari proses produksi dimana apabila limbah ini terlalu banyak di lingkungan maka akan berdampak pada pencemaran khususnya Air Sungai. Sungai Rawas diperkirakan telah mengalami penurunan kualitas Air Sungai karena adanya aktivitas Pabrik Karet di sekitarnya yang membuang Air Limbah hasil produksi ke Sungai Rawas, oleh karena itu diperlukan Sistem Pengelolaan Air Limbah yang baik untuk menghindari adanya Pencemaran Air Sungai.Pengambilan Sampel dilakukan pada Inlet dan Outlet IPAL serta Sungai Rawas Hulu Pabrik dan Sungai Rawas Hilir Pabrik. Waktu Penelitian dilaksanakan selama lebih 5 bulan, dimulai dari bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2019. Hasil penelitian dan perhitungan Efisiensi IPAL serta Perhitungan Status Mutu Air Sungai Rawas yang telah dilakukan di 4 (Empat) Titik Pengambilan Sampel untuk 6 (Enam) Parameter yaitu pH, BOD,COD,TSS,Amoniak Total dan Nitrogen Total, dapat disimpulkan bahwa; Beban Pencemaran pada Air Limbah Pada PT. Kirana Windu didapat Efisiensi IPAL Agustus – Desember 2019 pH 72,59 – 82,76 %, BOD 88,12 – 94,46 %, COD 81,23 – 97,10 %, TSS 91,34 – 99,65 %, Amoniak Total 91,60 - 97,84% dan Nitrogen Total 92,70 – 97,60 % . Sehingga IPAL layak digunakan dan Kondisi Sungai Rawas memenuhi baku mutu sehingga Sungai Rawas tidak tercemar.
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS SAMPAH LAUT (MARINE DEBRIS) PANTAI LENTERA MERAH KOTA BENGKULU PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Johan Yar
Published: March 2024

Sampah laut (marine debris) merupakan bahan padat yang sangaja atau tidak sengaja di tinggalkan dalam laut yang memiliki dampak mengancam kelangsungan dan keberlanjutan hidup biota laut. Penelitian mengenai sampah laut dilakukan pada daerah pesisir Pantai Lentera Merah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi sampah laut berdasarkan jenis dan ukuran, selain itu massa sampah laut juga diukur. Pengumpulan sampah laut dilakukan dalam sebuah transek yang dibentangkan mengikuti garis pantai pada saat surut terendah lalu dibagi menjadi 3 plot dengan ukuran 5 × 2 meter dengan pembagian 5 meter kearah laut 5 meter ke arah darat. Sampah dikumpulkan pada periode sebagai data pendukung dalam faktor penyebaran sampah laut. Pengamatan vegetasi dilakukan guna melihat implikasi sampah laut terhadap tumbuhan pantai. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pantai Lentera Merah merupakan daerah yang paling banyak sampah dengan total item 956,666 gr. Jenis plastik juga merupakan sampah yang paling dominan didapatkan dari lokasi penelitian yang. Berdasarkan jenis ukuran sampah yang paling banyak ditemukan pada 2 stasiun berdasarkan ukuran adalah macro-debris (2.5 cm – 1 m).
PERBANDINGAN PEMBENTUKAN BIOPORI PADA TANAH HUTAN ALAMI DAN TANAH PERKEBUNAN KOPI OLEH Pontoscolex corethrurus DI DESA SINAR GUNUNG
Authors: Jaya Jhony Saputra
Published: March 2024

Pori tanah sangat penting dalam memperbaiki ekosistem tanah, mengatasi penggenagan air, mencegah banjir dan erosi. Peningkatan porositas tanah melalui pembentukan biopori merupakan pendekatan yang ramah lingkungan sekaligus efesien dalam pembiyayaan. Pontoscolex corethrurus merupakan cacing tanah yang sangat potensial untuk peningkatan porositas tanah melalui pembentukan biopori. Namun demikian, hingga sejauh ini penelitian efektivitas cacing tanah tersebut dalam pembentukan biopori untuk kondisi ekosistem yang berbeda belum banyak dilakukan. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini, membandingkan tingkat pembentukan biopori tanah oleh P. corethrurus pada lahan hutan alami dan perkebunan kopi berikut karakteristik fisik, kimia dan biologi tanahnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Juni sampai September 2019. Penelitian lapangan di laksanakan di perkebunan kopi masyarakat dan hutan alami Bukit Balai Rejang di desa Sinar Gunung, Kecamatan Sindang Dataran. Biopori tanah yang dibentuk oleh cacing tanah P. corethrurus pada lahan perkebunan kopi yang dikelola secara intensif melalui budidaya tanaman semusim adalah sekitar 568,26 biopori/m 2 dan lebih rendah jika dibandingkan lahan hutan alami yang mencapai sekitar 695,21 biopori/m2 . Namun lahan perkebunan kopi dapat mempertahankan sifat fisik tanah, terutama bobot volume, bobot jenis, porositas, dan tekstur tanah, sebagaimana tanah pada hutan alami. Bahkan perkebunan kopi secara umum memiliki sifat kimia yang lebih baik dibandingkan hutan alami.
ANALISIS PENGARUH IZIN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP POTENSI PENCEMARAN AIR DAN UDARA DI SEKITAR WILAYAH PERKEBUNAN SAWIT BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: Reftogustadinata Fitrial , Martono Agus , Simarmata Marulak , Brata Bieng , Barchia M.Faiz
Published: March 2024

Izin lingkungan (milieu vergunning) merupakan instrumen hukum publik yang berupa pengaturan secara langsung dalam hukum lingkungan, memberi kemungkinan untuk menetapkan peraturan yang tepat terhadap suatu kegiatan dengan cara melekatkan persyaratan-persyaratan yang dikaitkan dengan izin tersebut. Izin Lingkungan yang diberikan kepada PT. Bengkulu Sawit Lestari merupakan upaya dalam rangka perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup untuk mencegah kerusakan serta potensi pencemaran lingkungan disekitarnya. Metode penelitian adalah deskriktif kualitatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi langsung di lapangan, wawancara dan pengumpulan dokumentasi perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi pencemaran air sungai Mertam dan emisi udara di lingkungan masyarakat sekitar tidak terlalu dipengaruhi kegiatan perusahaan. Dengan adanya izin lingkungan maka pihak perusahaan telah melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan dengan baik. Upaya-upaya pemantauan lingkungan (UKL-UPL)  di sekitar perusahaan seperti; melakukan pengolahan air limbah berupa water treatment plant (wtp) dan waste treatment plant (wwtp) serta pemantauan emisi udara pada cerobong asap dan knalpot dari kegiatan produksi. Hasil uji laboratorium pada bulan September 2020 terhadap limbah cair dilaporkan bahwa kadar BOD5, COD dan TSS adalah masing-masing 23,7, 68 dan 77 mg/L. Hasil pengolahan limbah ini telah memenuhi syarat baku mutu standar yang ditetapkan pemerintah untuk dibuang ke badan air.
Kajian Banjir Dan Karakteristik Curah Hujan Di Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Herawati Tuti , Susatya Agus , Uker Damres , Brata Bieng , Barchia M. Faiz
Published: March 2024

Curah hujan yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya banjir. Kota Bengkulu yang berada di bagian hilir DAS Air Bengkulu, selama beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami kejadian banjir, khususnya di Kecamatan Muara Bangkahulu dan Sungai Serut. Penelitian ini mengkaji karakteristik curah hujan pada DAS Air Bengkulu saat terjadi banjir selama 10 tahun (2010-2019). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pendekatan Wilayah untuk menentukan karakteristik curah hujan yang dapat menyebabkan banjir di Kota Bengkulu dan metode analisis statistik, yaitu Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Dalam penelitian ini juga menghitung periode ulang curah hujan maksimum dengan menggunakan perhitungan metode Iway Kadoya dan proyeksi curah hujan menggunakan data ECMWF. Penelitian ini menggunakan software ArcGis/ArcMap 10.4.1, Past4.03, OpenGrADS, Microsoft Excel dan Microsoft Word. Hasil analisis dari 13 kali kejadian banjir selama tahun 10 tahun (2010-2019), pada saat banjir rata-rata curah hujan masuk dalam kategori hujan Lebat (>50 mm) per hari dengan jumlah curah hujan di bagian Hilir DAS Air Bengkulu lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada bagian hulu. Curah hujan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap banjir, yaitu curah hujan pada hari H kejadian banjir. Hasil perhitungan periode ulang hujan maksimum dengan metode Iway Kadoya memperoleh nilai curah hujan berkisar antara 117 - 584 mm dan terdapat 4 pos hujan yang memiliki periode ulang hujan maksimum dalam rentang waktu yang sama, yaitu 20 tahunan. Peluang terjadi banjir di Kota Bengkulu dalam 5 tahun ke depan sebanyak 5 kali berdasarkan hasil analisis proyeksi curah hujan dasarian.
ANALISIS HYGIENE SANITASI DAN KUALITAS AIR MINUM PADA DAMIU DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN GADING CEMPAKA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Agustati Heny , Putranto Agus M. H. , Simarmata Marulak
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengindentifikasi dan menganalisis hygiene sanitasi lingkungan DAMIU terhadap kualitas fisik, mikrobiologi dan kimia pada Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kecamatan Gading Cempaka Kota Bengkulu . Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode deskriptif dengan sampel sebanyak 14 DAMIU yang diambil secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada 9 (64,2%) depot yang berhubungan antara hygiene sanitasi, fisik (kekeruhan) dan mikrobiologi sedangkan kimia (pH) tidak berhubungan. Terdapat 4 (28,7%) depot yang berhubungan antara hygien sanitasi, kimia (pH), fisik (kekeruhan) dan mikrobiologi. Terdapat 1 (7,1%) depot berhubungann antara hygiene sanitasi, kimia (pH) dan fisik (kekeruhan) sedangkan mikrobiologi tidak berhubungan. Disarankan agar konsumen berhati-hati membeli air minum isi ulang dengan melihat hasil laboratorium yang masih berlaku dan izin laik sehat. Bagi pemerintah daerah supaya menerbitkan PERDA yang mencantumkan sanksi penutupan bagi pengusaha yang melanggar aturan dan produk airnya membahayakan masyarakat.
Beals Solution
Authors: Wilson Jonathan Jared
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a proof of Beal's conjecture, a long-standing open problem in number theory, guidedby insights from machine learning. The proof leverages a novel combination of techniques from modulararithmetic, prime factorization, and the theory of Diophantine equations. Key lemmas, including anexpanded version of a modular constraint and a pairwise coprimality condition, are derived with the helpof patterns discovered through computational experiments. These lemmas, together with a refinedconjecture based on the distribution of prime factors in the dataset, are used to derive a contradiction,proving that any solution to Beal's equation must have a common prime factor among its bases. Theproof demonstrates the potential of machine learning in guiding the discovery of mathematical proofsand opens up new avenues for research at the intersection of artificial intelligence and number theory.
The Development of an Issue Public: Evidence from The Eras Tour
Authors: Rossiter Erin , Harden Jeffrey Joseph
Published: March 2024

Scholars describe the American electorate as generally uninformed about politics, but segmented into "issue publics'' with structured preferences on specific issues. These groups may ameliorate the democratic dilemma, but theory and evidence on how individuals join them lag behind that ambitious claim. We propose a two-stage theory of issue public development. It begins with potential issue publics—groups with highly-valued interests or identities that hold latent connections to political issues. A pivotal event then activates an issue’s political relevance for individual members. We test this theory with an instructive case: Taylor Swift fans' attempts to purchase high-demand concert tickets in November 2022. Website errors created as-if random ticket allocation, personalizing the politics of economic fairness for unlucky fans. Survey evidence supports our preregistered expectations: fans' ticket-buying fates caused durable attitudinal and behavioral differences toward event ticketing politics. We conclude that highlighting the unrealized political relevance of interests could facilitate democratic accountability.
Does the corollary discharge provide the sensory content of inner speech? A preregistered direct replication and extension of Scott (2013)
Authors: Delem Maël , Stauffert Nina , Nguyen Noel , Debarnot Ursula , Guillot Aymeric , Nalborczyk Ladislas
Published: March 2024

The mental production of speech or "inner speech" is a remarkable and foundational ability in humans, involved in many daily activities such as reading, writing, remembering, or planning. Inner speech is generally accompanied by a subjective multisensory (mainly auditory) experience. However, the cognitive processes leading to these sensory percepts remain poorly known. One prominent perspective is that the sensory content of inner speech would correspond to the predicted sensory consequences of inhibited speech acts. Scott (2013) provided experimental evidence suggesting that inner speech indeed involves the mental simulation of speech acts, as evidenced by sensory attenuation of the concomitant perception of external speech sounds. However, Scott (2013) assessed silent speech, but not inner speech, which in contrast to silent speech, does not involve visible articulatory movements. The present work aims to replicate and extend the study of Scott (2013) to assess whether inner speech attenuates the perception of concomitant external speech sounds.
Variability and Stability in Political Trust – A Latent State–Trait Analysis
Authors: Bromme Laurits , Rothmund Tobias
Published: March 2024

Political trust has been investigated as (a) a stable disposition, and (b) a dynamic variable responsive to external events. As these perspectives lack a theoretical and methodological integration, we draw from personality research and adopt the traits-as-density-distribution-of-states (Fleeson, W. [2001]. Toward a structure- and process-integrated view of personality: Traits as density distributions of states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80[6], 1011–1027) approach to conceptualize stability and variability in one theoretical framework. Further, we propose to use latent state–trait analysis (Steyer, R., & Schmitt, M. [1990]. The effects of aggregation across and within occasions on consistency, specificity and reliability. Methodika, 4, 58–94) to jointly estimate coefficients of stability and variability. We showcase the usefulness of this approach using German panel data (N = 2,083) across five years. Dispositional factors explained substantially more variance in political trust, than situational factors, revealing a ratio of roughly 3:1. We discuss how this ratio can serve as a comparative measure of stability for concepts of individual differences beyond political trust.
Modelling Sensory Attenuation as Bayesian Causal Inference across two Datasets
Authors: Eckert Anna-Lena , Fuehrer Elena , Schmitter Christina Victoria , Straube Benjamin , Fiehler Katja , Endres Dominik
Published: March 2024

Introduction. To interact with the environment, it is crucial to distinguish between sensory information that is externally generated and inputs that are self-generated. The sensory consequences of one’s own movements tend to induce attenuated behavioral- and neural responses compared to externally generated inputs. We propose a computational model of sensory attenuation (SA) based on Bayesian Causal Inference, where SA occurs when an internal cause for sensory information is inferred. Methods. Experiment 1investigates sensory attenuation during a stroking movement. Tactile stimuli on the stroking finger were suppressed, especially when they were predictable. Experiment 2 showed impaired delay detection between an arm movement and a video of the movement when participants were moving vs. when their arm was moved passively. We reconsider these results from the perspective of Bayesian Causal Inference (BCI). Using a hierarchical Markov Model (HMM) and variational message passing, we first qualitatively capture patterns of task behavior and sensory attenuation in simulations. Next, we identify participant-specific model parameters for both experiments using optimization. Results. A sequential BCI model is well equipped to capture empirical patterns of SA across both datasets. Using participant-specific optimized model parameters, we find a good agreement between data and model predictions, with the model capturing both tactile detections in Experiment 1 and delay detections in Experiment 2. Discussion. BCI is an appropriate framework to model sensory attenuation in humans. Computational models of sensory attenuation may help to bridge the gap across different sensory modalities and experimental paradigms and may contribute towards an improved description and understanding of deficits in specific patient groups (e.g. schizophrenia).
Media Coverage of Climate Activist Groups in Germany
Authors: Dablander Fabian , Wimmer Simon , Haslbeck Jonas M B
Published: March 2024

Climate activist groups aim to address climate change by informing citizens about its risks and potential solutions, and by providing a way for citizens to engage in collective action to change policy. The effectiveness of climate activist groups, some of which engage in disruptive protests, is influenced by how they are portrayed by the news media. Using frequency analysis and GPT-4, we analysed all online news articles from major German newspapers in 2022 and 2023 about the two most prominent climate activist groups, Fridays for Future and Last Generation. A substantial proportion of the articles provides little information about the risks and solutions of climate change, especially when reporting on the more disruptive Last Generation compared to Fridays for Future, which primarily engages in legal protest. Last Generation is also portrayed more negatively, as more violent, and as more polarising. Right-leaning newspapers provide the least information about climate change and portray activist groups most negatively. We discuss the implications of our results for the media, activist groups, and future research.
KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK UMKM : PERAN SANKSI PAJAK SEBAGAI MODERASI
Authors: Hernando Riski , Mansur Fitrini , Prasetyo Eko
Published: March 2024

This study examines the effect of understanding accounting, tax regulations, tax knowledge and tax sanctions on MSME taxpayer compliance. This study also explores the moderating effect of tax sanctions on the link between accounting expertise, tax knowledge, and MSME taxpayer compliance. The population uses MSMEs in Jambi City with a sample of MSMEs engaged in the food and beverage sector with specified criteria. Thus, the participants of this study amounted to 74 respondents. The research questionnaires were distributed using hand delivery systems and processed using SEM PLS (Warp PLS 7.0). The results of the study show a variety of findings where understanding accounting does not affect MSME taxpayer compliance in Jambi city. Understanding tax regulations and punishments might influence MSME taxpayers in Jambi directly or indirectly. This study's paradigm and analytical methods are fresh and enriching. This study's results contribute practically and theoretically, especially by the government, to MSME tax socialization.
DETERMINANTS OF AUDIT REPORT LAG IN STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
Authors: Septatiara Vindi , Satyawan Made Dudy Satyawan
Published: March 2024

Problems related to delays in the publication of financial reports from year to year are still found in several companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research aims to determine the determinants or influences of profitability, financial distress, public accounting firm reputation, and audit opinion on audit report lag. The population used in this study are State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) companies listed on the IDX for the 2012-2021 period. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and the research analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The conclusions of data testing using SPSS version 23 show that profitability and financial distress affect audit report lag, in contrast the public accounting firm reputation and audit opinion does not affect audit report lag.
EFEKTIVITAS AUDIT INTERNAL : DIPENGARUHI OLEH FAKTOR INDEPENDEN, KEMAHIRAN PROFESIONAL, KOMUNIKASI DAN DUKUNGAN TOP MANAJEMEN
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul , Andreas Andreas , Rasuli M
Published: March 2024

This Research is conducted on factors that affect the effectiveness of internal audit. This Researchers used a questionnaire with 43 questions for 203 respondents. Data analyzed using SEM-PLS – WarpPLS.  Factors affecting the effectiveness of internal audit include independence, professional proficiency, communication, and management support. Internal audit can access all company data for independent examination. All auditors use their professional expertise to analyze a problem and provide suggestions for improvement and provide more value for the company. Communication is important for the examiner from the beginning of the inspection planning to the creation of the report. Top Management support is needed to support the achievement of company inspection objectives.
Projek pembelajaran menggunakan teknologi pembuatan komik untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran sains kelas rendah
Authors: Sari Novita , Sari Yowanda Lutfita , Dora Zelfi Sepebrian , Putra Zetra Hainul
Published: March 2024

The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of project assessment in science learning as well as the quality of the development results in that field. The AADIE model was the development model employed in this investigation. Five phase analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation make up the AADIE model. For the purpose of developing and validating project assessments, the five stages of this development model are utilized as a guide.. Science learning in elementary schools plays an important role in learning science at the next level because initial knowledge students are very influential on students’ interest and tendencies to learn science. In other words, if students’ interest in learning science in elementary school is low, it is likely that at the next level the same thing will happen. In the education unit level curriculum it is explained about the importance of learning science (Ministry of National Education, 2006), one of which is developing curiosity, a positive attitude and awareness of the existence of a relationship that influences each other between science, the environment, technology and society through a scientific inquiry approach. Science lessons are one of the subjects that are important to instill in students because through learning science, students are able to be scientific in solving the problems they face (Rusnadi, 2013). Science learning is expected to be a vehicle for students to learn about themselves and the natural surroundings as well as prospects for further development in applying it in everday life (Susiani, 2013).
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air di Daerah Aliran Sungai Gajah Wong: Studi Kasus Kelurahan Mrican, Kecamatan Umbulharjo, Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Firdausi Eyda , Surnarto Surnarto , Dewangga Aru
Published: March 2024

Sungai Gajah Wong merupakan sungai yang memiliki nilai esensial dalam kehidupan masyarakat Kota Yogyakarta. Tingginya aktivitas antropogenik di daerah aliran sungai menyebabkan meningkatnya masukan bahan pencemar ke dalam sungai sehingga terjadi pencemaran. Pencemaran Sungai Gajah Wong berdampak terhadap penurunan fungsi sosial, ekonomi, dan ekologis sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji upaya pengelolaan sungai yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah pencemaran di Sungai Gajah Wong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam (depth interview), dan dokumentasi selama bulan September-Oktober 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah dilakukan berbagai upaya pengelolaan Sungai Gajah Wong dengan kerjasama antara pemerintah, pihak swasta, dan komunitas masyarakat untuk mengatasi permasalahan pencemaran di Sungai Gajah Wong namun masih perlu dioptimalkan guna mewujudkan ekosistem perairan sungai yang berkelanjutan.
Pengaruh Penambahan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kesehatan Ikan Patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) dengan Manipulasi Fotoperiod dan Sistem Resirkulasi
Authors: Nurhendra Novelin Nanda Nandhita , Putra Iskandar , Pamukas Niken Ayu , Windarti Windarti
Published: March 2024

Ikan patin (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) merupakan ikan yang berekonomis karena minat masyarakat terhadap ikan patin tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan daun kelor dalam pakan serta dosis terbaiknya terhadap pertumbuhan dan kesehatan ikan patin yang dipelihara dengan manipulasi fotoperiod pada sistem resirkulasi. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan selama 70 hari pada bulan Februari – April 2023 yang bertempat di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau dan pengamatan hematologi ikan dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Perairan Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau. Metode penelitian ini yaitu eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor menggunakan empat perlakuan dan tiga pengulangan, yaitu P0: tidak diberi penambahan daun kelor, P1: 10 g/kg pakan, P2: 15 g/kg pakan, dan P3: 20 g/kg pakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan benih ikan patin berukuran 4-6 cm dengan padat tebar 30 ekor/wadah yang bersisi 100 L air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan daun kelor dengan dosis 10 g/kg pakan merupakan perlakuan terbaik, yang memberikan rata-rata bobot mutlak sebesar 37,10 g, laju pertumbuhan spesifik 2,8%, nilai efisiensi pakan 93,51%, konversi pakan 1,06, total eritrosit 2,13 x 106 sel/mm3, kadar hemoglobin 8,13 g/dL, kadar hematokrit 31,33%, serta nilai kelulushidupan 96,66%.
Kajian Potensi Ekowisata Minat Khusus di Kawasan Mangrove Kelurahan Sapat Indragiri Hilir, Riau
Authors: Rachman B Arief , Fahlefi SF M. Riza , Al Jumadi Muhammad Arief , Samosir Mualidya Risfani Syafha , Azizi Tiara , Asshiddiqie Tegar Wajar , Pangabean Herbet Linto Retto , Ilyas Gian Nofrianda
Published: March 2024

Banyak wilayah pesisir di Indonesia yang memiliki potensi-potensi ekowisata yang belum dikembangkan, sehingga perlu dialukan penelitian tentang  kajian potensi ekowisata minat khusus  di kawasan mangrove Kelurahan Sapat dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai November 2023. Penelitian ini berlokasi pada kawasan mangrove Kelurahan Sapat Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi ekowisata mangrove, potensi ekowisata pantai dan potensi ekowisata kunang-kunang pada Ekosistem Mangrove Kelurahan Sapat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dan survey. Dari hasil perhitungan indeks keseuaian wisata (IKW) didapatkan nilai IKW potensi ekowisata mangrove 94,87% dengan kriteria sesuai, nilai IKW potensi ekowisata pantai 32,14% dengan kriteria tidak sesuai, dan nilai IKW potensi ekowisata kurang-kunang 73,68% dengan kriteria sesuai bersyarat. Dari ketiga kajian potensi ekowisata, yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan adalah potensi ekowisata mangrove dan potensi ekowisata kunang-kunang, sedangkat untuk ekowisata pantai tidak memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan.