bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Non-Fiction and Suburban Science Fiction
Authors: Walker Nathaniel Robert
Published: December 2020

Intimately detailed, non-fiction accounts of the horrors of British cities proliferated in the mid-1800s, casting critical light on the slums. New sanitation laws were passed and philanthropic interventions were staged, but they barely made a dent in the problem. Then, in 1871, the utopian science-fiction novel exploded onto the scene, offering radical imaginary solutions to the seemingly intractable problems of industrial urban life. Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s The Coming Race offered readers a vision of tidy garden villages built by a highly advanced branch of humanity who have rejected cities. A Dutch author imagined a radiantly futuristic, enormous, dense, bustling London and was rejected by English-speaking critics, while other British writers developed the more popular theme of dispersal in different ways, always with imaginary mechanized transport at the ready to facilitate life amid the cottages, villas, and towers of the glassy, metallic garden future. Increasingly, they also turned to catastrophic urban destruction as the solution to London.
The Republic of the Future
Authors: Walker Nathaniel Robert
Published: December 2020

The United States produced a number of early utopian visions of suburban dispersal, demonstrating that Americans had inherited some of the anti-urban tendencies of their British forebears. An early feminist science-fiction novel by Mary Griffith insisted that cities could be great, but she was decidedly in the minority. After consuming British science fiction in the 1870s, American authors dominated utopian literature in the 1880s, many providing it with new urgency by engaging head-on with the rise of the industrial corporation. These writers were a heterogeneous bunch—ranging from math teachers to Spiritualist bohemians—but while they were often politically opposed to one another, they were consistent in their concept of utopia: life in large, complex cities such as New York or Boston was maddening, and a new world of glass, metal, synthetic stone, whirring machines, and, most importantly, endless greenery, needed to rise in place of the terrible city.
Gardening in the Apocalypse
Authors: Walker Nathaniel Robert
Published: December 2020

The “White City” of the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago struck many Americans as a hopeful glimmer of the happy cities to come, but soon, visions of even happier utopian suburbs reclaimed dominance, asserting the need for “A Cityless and Countryless World.” When Bellamy produced his sequel to Looking Backward, it promised a future of commuting by motorcar and personal aircraft to and from cottages in garden suburbs. In different ways, influential reformers and architects such as Ebenezer Howard and Frank Lloyd Wright fed their readings of utopian literature into influential designs for destroying old cities and achieving suburban bliss. The last great nineteenth-century utopian visionary was also the greatest science-fiction author of the early twentieth century: H. G. Wells. He, perhaps more than any other writer, carried forward the Victorian call to abandon Babylon to new heights and fresh audiences, prophesying dreadful apocalypse, and luminously modern gardens to follow.
Vouchsafed by the Holy Ghost
Authors: Ferraro Thomas J.
Published: December 2020

Chapter 3 argues that the now-canonical reading of Kate Chopin’s small masterpiece, The Awakening, which takes Edna Pontellier’s sexual wanderlust as symptomatic of a racist, primitivistic projection (per Toni Morrison’s general formulation), utterly neglects the founding plot and concerted characterizations. In The Awakening, Edna, a married Kentucky Presbyterian, is set adrift among Creole Catholics who embody a sexual sacramentality that attracts her but that she can’t, herself, achieve, beyond eventual submission to adultery with a local lothario. When the story begins, Edna is chafing in her marriage to a self-involved financier and, despite her Calvinist upbringing and persisting individualist sensibility, becomes increasingly involved, Theron-style, with a Creole trio: Madame Ratignolle, the mother-woman who is sensual in aspect and touch; Robert Lebrun, a serial acolyte of older women who refuses to deliver on his sexual promise despite beguiling her on the refulgent isle of La Chenière Caminada; and Mademoiselle Reisz, a spinster artiste, whose way with Frédéric Chopin’s nocturnes is her way with Edna, soul and (implicitly) body. Thus The Awakening is American’s first major portrayal of the Protestant-adrift-among-Catholics, and it is only as such that it becomes our proto-feminist exploration of a wife’s quest for sexual and aesthetic autonomy. Whereas Frederic’s Theron Ware is one of talkiest books ever, The Awakening delineates temptations to Catholicism that are more show then tell, capturing the fault lines of full social incorporation in Edna’s fatal sea-swim, which can be understood both as a capitulation, in resurgent Protestant self-immolation, and as a visionary sacrifice.
Densher’s Crucifixion—or A Beautiful, Beneficent Dishonesty?
Authors: Ferraro Thomas J.
Published: December 2020

Chapter 4 takes up the perspective of Kate Croy over against that of lover Merton Densher, to recognize how James’ The Wings of the Dove moves the reader beyond the short-sighted Anglo-Puritan ethics of Densher to contemplate the “beauty” of Marian-Catholic beneficence, mercy, and non-zero-sum romantic vision—especially when it comes to the otherwise dark entwinements of love and death. From mid-century English critics Yvor Winters and F.R. Leavis to the latest U.S. aestheticians, Wings has long been understood to be a sordid tale of greed and betrayal redeemed precisely yet only by the rise of conscience in Densher—who, not coincidently, takes over the indirect discourse of the second half of the novel, to the point of declaring his personal Christian ascension. And yet it is not a coincidence that this part of Wings is set in Adriatic-Catholic Venice: a city of waterways and alleyways in which to go straight is to get there by gorgeous indirection—which, this chapter argues, is the objective correlative of how James’ notorious late style (postponements, fractures, multivalences) and huge melodramatic, Veronese-inspired canvas serves the alternative Marian knowingness, not only of Kate Croy, the visionary mistress among the Marian figures, but also of the dying yet still sexual Milly Theale, her surreptitious acolyte; and not only that of the two women in the romantic triangle but also of the three wondrous queer characters in support—besmitten yet selfless Susan Stringham, visionary doctor Sir Luke Strett, and Eugenio the major-domo of Venetian Living.
Our Lady of Art
Authors: Ferraro Thomas J.
Published: December 2020

Chapter 5 examines Willa Cather’s neglected story, “Coming, Aphrodite” in light of her fascination with the bodily presentation that Camille Paglia would later call “sexual personae”—for which Cather develops her own Marian interpretive sensibility, half Roman Catholic and half Pagan, as a deliberate counterforce to the Puritan heritage deflating U.S. artistic and expressive culture. In her twenties, Cather was a prodigious journalist fascinated by the radiant figurae of statuary, painting, drama, poetry, and fiction both home and abroad—which she interrogated in explicitly religious terms, with a particular affinity for both Marian-Catholic dissent from the Puritan denial of the senses and its alternative of graced intercession. Cather learns to invite readers to the redemptive power of forbidden love: sex for its own sake, adultery whether intermittent or sustained or only imagined, same-sex beatings of the heart and meetings of the mind. Then, in “Coming, Aphrodite!,” in a way more literal that her readers could possibly have expected, Cather stages the male gaze of an avant-garde, sexually disciplined and romantically impervious, young painter in Washington Square, Don Hedger, who finds himself in thrall—through a closet peephole!—to the artful exhibitionism in body and song of an equally ambitious, alternatively brilliant ingénue, Eden Bower. Their pas de deux produces a profound, profoundly mutual, yet never-to-be domesticated, sexual intimacy, non-reproductive but dually procreative—all of it conducted under signs of Roman Latinate and Indo-Latino Catholicism, including a story within the story entitled “The Forty Lovers of the Princess.”
International Standards for Bank Capital Exposures to CCPs and Derivatives
Authors: Quaglia Lucia
Published: December 2020

The elemental regime on bank capital for derivatives encompassed the credit valuation adjustment (CVA), the leverage ratio, and bank exposures to CCPs. Like for other parts of Basel III, the US and the UK were pace-setters internationally, promoting relatively precise, stringent, and consistent rules. The EU agreed on the need for higher capital requirements, but worried about negative implications for the provision of credit to the real economy. Networks of regulators were instrumental in furthering agreement amongst and within jurisdictions. They also fostered rules consistency through formal and informal coordination tools amongst international standard-setting bodies. The financial industry mobilized in order to reduce the precision and stringency of capital requirements, pointing out the need to consider capital reforms in conjunction with other post-crisis standards, notably, margins.
Levels of Being
Authors: Piccinini Gualtiero
Published: December 2020

This chapter articulates an egalitarian ontology of levels of composition and realization that provides a foundation for the rest of the book. I reject the widespread assumption that levels form an ontological hierarchy such that some levels are more fundamental than others. On the contrary, neither wholes nor their proper parts are more fundamental; neither higher-level properties nor lower-level properties are more fundamental. Instead, higher levels are just invariant aspects of lower levels. Whole objects are invariants over additions, subtractions, and rearrangements of some parts; higher-level properties are invariant aspects of their lower-level realizers. This egalitarian ontology solves the causal exclusion problem and does justice to the special sciences—including cognitive neuroscience.
Mechanistic Models of Cognition
Authors: Piccinini Gualtiero
Published: December 2020

Psychological and neuroscientific explanations strongly constrain one another, so much so that psychology has become an integral part of cognitive neuroscience. The functional analyses of classical cognitive psychology can be integrated with neuroscientific explanations to form multilevel mechanistic explanations of cognition. At each level of mechanistic organization, a mechanism explains phenomena by showing that they are produced by suitably organized components. This requires abstraction from irrelevant causes and lower level details, which abstraction is an essential aspect of mechanistic explanation. Therefore, psychological and neuroscientific explanations are not autonomous from one another.
The Trinity
Authors: Rea Michael C.
Published: December 2020

The Christian doctrine of the Trinity poses a serious philosophical problem. On the one hand, it seems to imply that there is exactly one divine being; on the other hand, it seems to imply that there are three. There is another well-known philosophical problem that presents us with a similar sort of tension: the problem of material constitution. After an examination of two classificatory schemes (the Latin tradition which traces its historical roots through the western church. and the Greek tradition which traces its roots through the eastern church) this chapter argues that a relatively neglected solution to the problem of material constitution can be developed into a novel solution to the problem of the Trinity.
Snow, an Intriguing, Complex, and Changeable Solid
Authors: Louchet Francois
Published: December 2020

This chapter provides basics of snow structure and topology. As snow is a complex arrangement of ice crystals, themselves found in oodles of geometrical shapes, sizes, and formation mechanisms, we essentially focus on those that are more directly involved in avalanche release. Three snow peculiarities are also outlined. Snow being made of ice, it inherits its particular propensity to melt under external pressure. Since snow cover results from accumulation of snowflakes, it may be considered as a granular material, with quite original properties due to the unusually large grain surface vs volume ratio, and to their related tendency to change shapes and to heal. Snow being also a mixture of ice, air, and water, the topological concept of percolation is of interest to deal with stress distribution in the snow cover, and is briefly discussed.
Summary and Conclusion
Authors: Louchet Francois
Published: December 2020

A number of well-established physical and mechanical laws are often improperly applied to snow, which is a very particular medium regarding compacity, viscosity, friction, rupture, etc. Snow is described as a changeable granular and porous material, and analyzed using a combination of statistical and deterministic approaches, with the help of the theory of dynamical systems. Specific models are developed for slab, superficial, and full-depth avalanches. The series of successive physical mechanisms responsible for slab avalanche triggering is now perfectly known, involving weak layer collapse and expansion, in which possible healing may abort the whole process. Loose snow avalanches are reminiscent of Bak’s sand pile model, and full-depth avalanches are modeled in terms of snow-water percolation. The specific arrest mechanisms are analyzed. The present analysis should help in taking wise decisions in the face of unexpected situations. The future of snow avalanches is explored in the context of present climate warming.
Delivering Customer Centric Experiences
Authors: Treadgold Alan , Reynolds Jonathan
Published: December 2020

For established retailers, a key challenge in creating an enterprise relevant to the needs and expectations of contemporary shoppers is not just to reinvent the store but also to create networks of digital engagement within which to locate those stores that remain. For new to retail enterprises, the challenge is different, and many internet-only enterprises are now discovering the value of physical points of engagement also. A multitude of hybrid models combining physical and digital engagement opportunities for the shopper have emerged already and many more seem likely to follow. (In mid-2015, Alibaba made its first entry into bricks and mortar retailing when it paid US$4.6 billion for a 19.99% stake in the Suning electronics stores retailer.) This far greater complexity changes the capabilities that a retail enterprise needs in order to deliver effectively and profitably on its omni-channel ambitions. This is the theme of Chapter 7.
Art and Adler
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

In the wake of his religious crisis, May feels more freedom to experiment. He begins by drawing and painting scenes around Salonika and on trips to Mount Athos and its monks, poppies In the field, and Roma in the Greek countryside, incorporating a love of art and producing art that would stay with him the rest of his life. In the summer of 1932, his life is further transformed by attending the summer seminars of Alfred Adler and almost instantly becoming a convert to psychoanalysis. He has a short analysis with one of Adler’s assistants aimed at freeing him from self-consciousness, and soon he feels free enough to have his first complete sexual experience.
Toward the “Unconditional Realm”
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

May enters Union Theological Seminar in New York City to study with Reinhold Niebuhr and other famous theologians, and he meets Paul Tillich. Involves himself in politics and meets and works with Hermann Reissig.
“The Choice of a Mate”
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

He returns to Union in the fall of 1936, ready to ascend to greatness. He becomes a regular on the YMCA lecture circuit, works with Harry Bone, and begins a long intellectual apprenticeship with Paul Tillich. At the same time, he leads a somewhat tortured love life as he sought passion but also a mate who would make the perfect wife for a minister.
Paul Tillich
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

Paul Tillich, has life and ideas, are introduced as background to his relationship with May. He writes his honor's thesis on psychology and religion with Tillich as mentor.
“Such a Blow Just Now”
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

May comes down with tuberculosis even as he begins training at Teachers College.
Saranac
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

After seemingly successful treatment, May comes down with a very serious rebound case of tuberculosis and is sent to the Trudeau Sanitorium in Saranac, New York. There he faces death, reads Kierkegaard, theorizes about the need for the will of the patient to be cured, and develops a very interesting relationship with Cyril Richardson, a professor at Union who was in the last stages of recovery from TB. It is also a stressful time in May’s marriage.
“I Don’t Have Time to Die”
Authors: Abzug Robert H.
Published: December 2020

In moving to California, May became a major force in the ongoing establishment of training programs and other aspects of humanistic psychology. He mentored a number of students who came to have important careers and developed an important friendship with Irvin Yalom. Within AHP, he engaged in a battle with advocates of “transpersonal psychology” because he thought they confused religion with psychology. He published two more major books, Freedom and Destiny and The Cry for Myth. And, after a problematic period in the wake of his divorce from Ingrid, he met and married Georgia Johnson, now Georgia Lee May. After two strokes, he begins to fail and, in 1994, dies a peaceful death in the company of his wife and Irvin Yalom.
The Way We Live Now
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

‘Love is like any other luxury. You have no right to it unless you can afford it.’ It is impossible to be sure who Melmotte is, let alone what exactly he has done. He is, seemingly, a gentleman, and a great financier, who penetrates to the heart of the state, reaching even inside the Houses of Parliament. He draws the English establishment into his circle, including Lady Carbury, a 43 year-old coquette and her son Felix, who is persuaded to invest in a notional railway business. Huge sums of money are at stake, as well as romantic happiness. The Way We Live Now is usually thought Trollope's major work of satire but is better described as his most substantial exploration of a form of crime fiction, where the crimes are both literal and moral. It is a text preoccupied by detection and the unmasking of swindlers. As such it is a narrative of exceptional tension: a novel of rumour, gossip, and misjudgment, where every second counts. For many of Trollope's characters, calamity and exposure are just around the corner.
Chapter II
Authors: Dostoevsky Fyodor
Published: December 2020

‘But suppose they’ve already done a search? What if I find them right there when I get back?’

But here was his room. Nothing, nobody. No one had been in. Even Nastasia hadn’t touched it. But, good God, how could he have left all...
Chapter III
Authors: Dostoevsky Fyodor
Published: December 2020

‘He’s well, he’s well!’ Zosimov called out cheerfully as they came in. He had arrived some ten minutes earlier and was sitting on the same corner of the divan as last night. Raskolnikov was sitting at the opposite end, fully dressed...
Chapter III
Authors: Dostoevsky Fyodor
Published: December 2020

He was hurrying to Svidrigailov’s. What he hoped for from that man, he had no idea himself. But the man had some hidden hold over him. Once he realized this, he could have no peace; and now the moment had come.

On his way there,...
Silas Marner
Authors: Eliot George
Published: December 2020

‘Gold! – his own gold – brought back to him as mysteriously as it had been taken away!’ Falsely accused of theft, Silas Marner is cut off from his community but finds refuge in the village of Raveloe, where he is eyed with distant suspicion. Like a spider from a fairy-tale, Silas fills fifteen monotonous years with weaving and accumulating gold. The son of the wealthy local Squire, Godfrey Cass also seeks an escape from his past. One snowy winter, two events change the course of their lives: Silas's gold is stolen and, a child crawls across his threshold. Combining the qualities of a fable with a rich evocation of rural life in the early years of the nineteenth century, Silas Marner (1861) is a masterpiece of construction and a powerful meditation on the value of communal bonds in a mysterious world.
2
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

In early June, when the old nanny and housekeeper Agafya Mikhailovna was taking a jar of mushrooms she had just pickled down to the cellar, she happened to slip, fall, and sprain her wrist. The zemstvo doctor,* a talkative young student who...
5
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Having thanked Anna Pavlovna for her charmante soirée, the guests began to take their leave.

Pierre was ungainly. Stout, above the average height, broad, with huge red hands, he did not know, as the saying is, how to enter a drawing-room and...
2
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

On his return to Moscow from the army Nikolai Rostov was welcomed by his home circle as the best of sons, a hero, and their darling Nikolushka, by his relations as a charming, attractive, and polite young man, by his acquaintances as a handsome...
8
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

The war was flaming up and nearing the Russian frontier. Everywhere one heard curses on Bonaparte, ‘the enemy of mankind’. Militiamen and recruits were being enrolled in the villages, and from the seat of war came contradictory news, false as usual and therefore variously...
6
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Though Balashov was used to imperial pomp he was amazed at the luxury and magnificence of Napoleon’s court.

Comte de Turenne showed him into a large reception room, where many generals, gentlemen-in-waiting, and Polish magnates—several of whom Balashov had seen at the court of the...
16
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

On receiving news of Natasha’s illness, the countess, though not quite well yet and still weak, went to Moscow with Petya and the rest of the household, and the whole family moved from Marya Dmitrievna’s house to their own, and settled down in town....

Natasha’s...
25
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

The officers were about to take leave, but Prince Andrei, apparently reluctant to be left alone with his friend, asked them to stay and have tea. Seats were brought in and so was the tea. The officers gazed with surprise at Pierre’s huge stout...
28
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Many historians say that the French did not win the battle of Borodino because Napoleon had a cold, and that if he had not had a cold the orders he gave before and during the battle would have been still more full of genius...
3
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

When Ermolov, having been sent by Kutuzov to inspect the position, told the field-marshal that it was impossible to fight there before Moscow and that they must retreat, Kutuzov looked at him in silence.

‘Give me your hand,’ said he, and turning it over so...
3
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Nine days after the abandonment of Moscow, a messenger from Kutuzov reached Petersburg with the official announcement of that event. This messenger was Michaud, a Frenchman who did not know Russian, but who was quoique étranger, russe de coeur et d’âme,1...
17
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

The movements of the Russian and French armies during the campaign from Moscow back to the Niemen were like those in a game of Russian blindman’s buff, in which two players are blindfolded and one of them occasionally rings a little bell to inform...
19
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

What Russian, reading the account of the last part of the campaign of 1812, has not experienced an uncomfortable feeling of regret, dissatisfaction, and perplexity? Who has not asked himself how it is that the French were not all captured or destroyed when our...
7
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

When the troops reached their night’s halting-place on the 8th of November, the last day of the Krasnoe battles, it was already growing dusk. All day it had been calm and frosty with occasional lightly falling snow, and towards evening it began to clear....
13
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

In external ways Pierre had hardly changed at all. In appearance he was just what he used to be. As before he was absent-minded and seemed occupied not with what was before his eyes but with something special of his own. The difference between...
3
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

The fundamental and essential significance of the European events of the beginning of the nineteenth century lies in the movement of the mass of the European peoples from west to east and afterwards from east to west. The commencement of that movement was the...
9
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

It was the eve of St Nicholas, the fifth of December, 1820. Natasha had been staying at her brother’s with her husband and children since early autumn. Pierre had gone to Petersburg on business of his own for three weeks as he said, but...
10
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Thus our conception of freewill and inevitability gradually diminishes or increases according to the greater or lesser connection with the external world, the greater or lesser remoteness of time, and the greater or lesser dependence on the causes, under which we contemplate a man’s...
Northanger Abbey, Lady Susan, The Watsons, Sanditon
Authors: Austen Jane , Johnson Claudia L.
Published: December 2020

‘… in suspecting General Tilney of either murdering or shutting up his wife, she had scarcely sinned against his character, or magnified his cruelty.’ Northanger Abbey is about the misadventures of Catherine Morland, young, ingenuous, and mettlesome, and an indefatigable reader of gothic novels. Their romantic excess and dark overstatement feed her imagination, as tyrannical fathers and diabolical villains work their evil on forlorn heroines in isolated settings. What could be more remote from the uneventful securities of life in the midland counties of England? Yet as Austen brilliantly contrasts fiction with reality, ordinary life takes a more sinister turn, and edginess and circumspection are reaffirmed alongside comedy and literary burlesque. Also including Austen's other short fictions, Lady Susan, The Watsons, and Sanditon, this valuable new edition examines the ambitious and innovative works with which she inaugurated as well as closed her career.
Chapter 4 The General Formula for Capital
Authors: Marx Karl
Published: December 2020

The circulation of commodities is the starting-point of capital. The production of commodities, their circulation, and that more developed form of their circulation called commerce, these form the historical ground-work from which it rises. The modern history of capital dates from the creation in...
Chapter 31 Genesis of the Industrial Capitalist
Authors: Marx Karl
Published: December 2020

The genesis of the industrial capitalist did not proceed in such a gradual way as that of the farmer. Doubtless many small guild-masters, and yet more independent small artisans, or even wage-labourers, transformed themselves into small capitalists, and (by gradually extending exploitation of wage-labour...
Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Other Tales
Authors: Stevenson Robert Louis
Published: December 2020

Instantly the spirit of hell awoke in me and raged…I was suddenly struck through the heart by a cold thrill of terror.’ Stevenson’s short novel, published in 1886, became an instant classic. It was a Gothic horror that originated in a feverish nightmare, whose hallucinatory setting in the murky back streets of London gripped a nation mesmerized by crime and violence. The respectable doctor’s mysterious relationship with his disreputable associate is finally revealed in one of the most original and thrilling endings in English literature. In addition to Jekyll and Hyde, this edition also includes a number of short stories and essays written by Stevenson in the 1880s, minor masterpieces of fiction and comment: ’The Body Snatcher’, ’Markheim’, and ’Olalla’ feature grave-robbing, a sinister double, and degeneracy, while ’A Chapter on Dreams’ and ’A Gossip on Romance’ discuss artistic creation and the ’romance’ form. Appendixes provide extracts from contemporary writings on personality disorder, which set Stevenson’s tale in its full historical context.
The Body Snatcher
Authors: Stevenson Robert Louis
Published: December 2020

Every night in the year, four of us sat in the small parlour of the George at Debenham—the undertaker, and the landlord, and Fettes, and myself. Sometimes there would be more; but blow high, blow low, come rain or snow or frost, we four...
A Tale of Two Cities
Authors: Dickens Charles
Published: December 2020

As the the bicentennary of the French Revolution draws near, Dickens' historical novel serves as a timely reminder of nineteenth-century reactions to that great upheaval. Set between 1757 and 1793, A Tale of Two Cities views the causes and effects of the Revolution from an essentially private point of view, showing how private experience relates to public history. Dickens' characters are fictional, and their political activity is minimal, yet all are drawn towards the Paris of the Terror, and all become caught up in its web of human suffering and human sacrifice. This edition includes extensive explanatory notes giving crucial background information about the Revolution and Dickens' sources. ‘the best story I have written’ Charles Dickens
Oliver Twist
Authors: Dickens Charles , Gill Stephen
Published: December 2020

The new Oxford World’s Classics edition of Oliver Twist is based on the authoritative Clarendon edition, which uses Dickens’s revised text of 1846. It includes his preface of 1841 in which he defended himself against hostile criticism, and includes all 24 original illustrations by George Cruikshank. Stephen Gill’s groundbreaking Introduction gives a fascinating new account of the novel. He also provides appendices on Dickens and Cruikshank, on Dickens’s Preface and the Newgate Novel Controversy, on Oliver Twist and the New Poor Law and on thieves’ slang.
David Copperfield
Authors: Dickens Charles , Sanders Andrew
Published: December 2020

‘I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is DAVID COPPERFIELD,’ wrote Dickens of what is the most personal, certainly one of the most popular, of all his novels. Dickens wrote the book after the completion of a fragment of autobiography recalling his employment as a child in a London warehouse, and in the first-person narrative, a new departure for him, realized marvellously the workings of memory. The embodiment of his boyhood experience in the novel involved a ‘complicated interweaving of truth and fiction’, at its most subtle in the portrait of his father as Mr Micawber, one of Dickens’s greatest comic creations. Enjoying a humour that never becomes caricature, the reader shares David’s affection for the eccentric Betsey Trotwood and her protégé Mr Dick, and smiles with the narrator at the trials he endures in his love for the delightfully silly Dora. Settings, (East Anglia, the London of the 1820s), people, and events are unified by their relationship to the story of Steerforth’s treachery, which reaches its powerful climax in the storm scene. This edition, which has the accurate Clarendon text, includes Dickens’s trial titles and working notes, and eight of the original illustrations by ‘Phiz’.
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Authors: Twain Mark
Published: December 2020

‘Tom was a glittering hero once more – the pet of the old, and the envy of the young…There were some that believed he would be President yet, if he escaped hanging.’ In this enduring and internationally popular novel, Mark ogaincombines social satire and dime-novel sensation with a rhapsody on boyhood and on America's pre-industrial past. Tom Sawyer is resilient, enterprising, and vainglorious. In a series of adventures along the banks of the Mississippi, he usually manages to come out on top. From petty triumphs over his friends and over his long-suffering Aunt Polly, to his intervention in a murder trial, Tom engages readers of all ages. He has long been a defining figure in the American cultural imagination. Alongside the charm and the excitement, Twain raises serious questions about community, race, and the past. Above all, the book invites discussion of the way in which childhood is invoked to counter the uncomfortable truths of the adult world.
The Masterpiece
Authors: Zola Émile
Published: December 2020

The Masterpiece is the tragic story of Claude Lantier, an ambitious and talented young artist from the provinces who has come to conquer Paris and is conquered by the flaws in his own genius. While his boyhood friend Pierre Sandoz becomes a successful novelist, Claude's originality is mocked at the Salon and turns gradually into a doomed obsession with one great canvas. Life - in the form of his model and wife Christine and their deformed child Jacques - is sacrificed on the altar of Art. The Masterpiece is the most autobiographical of the twenty novels in Zola's Rougon-Macquart series. Set in the 1860s and 1870s, it provides a unique insight into his career as a writer and his relationship with Cézanne, a friend since their schooldays in Aix-en-Provence. It also presents a well-documented account of the turbulent Bohemia world in which the Impressionists came to prominence despit the conservatism of the Academy and the ridicule of the general public.
A Point at Issue!
Authors: Chopin Kate
Published: December 2020

A Story of Love and Reason in Which Love Triumphs.

MARRIED—On Tuesday, May 11, Eleanor Gail to Charles Faraday.

Nothing bearing the shape of a wedding announcement could have been less obtrusive than the foregoing hidden in a remote corner of the Plymdale Promulgator...
Ripe Figs (An Idyl)
Authors: Chopin Kate
Published: December 2020

Maman-Nainaine said that when the figs were ripe Babette might go to visit her cousins down on Bayou-Bœuf,* where the sugar cane grows. Not that the ripening of figs had the least thing to do with it, but that is the way Maman-Nainaine...
The Father of Désirée’s Baby (Désirée’s Baby)
Authors: Chopin Kate
Published: December 2020

As the day was pleasant Madame Valmondé drove over to L’Abri* to see Désirée and the baby.

It made her laugh to think of Désirée with a baby. Why, it seemed but yesterday that Désirée was little more than a baby herself; when Monsieur...
A Gentleman of Bayou Têche
Authors: Chopin Kate
Published: December 2020

It was no wonder Mr. Sublet, who was staying at the Hallet plantation, wanted to make a picture of Evariste. The ’Cadian was rather a picturesque subject in his way, and a tempting one to an artist looking for bits of “local color” along the...
Joseph Andrews and Shamela
Authors: Fielding Henry
Published: December 2020

‘I beg as soon as you get Fielding’s Joseph Andrews, I fear in Ridicule of your Pamela and of Virtue in the Notion of Don Quixote’s Manner, you would send it to me by the very first Coach.’ (George Cheyne in a letter to Samuel Richardson, February 1742) Both Joseph Andrews (1742) and Shamela (1741) were prompted by the success of Richardson’s Pamela (1740), of which Shamela is a splendidly bawdy parody. But in Shamela Fielding also demonstrates his concern for the corruption of contemporary society, politics, religion, morality, and taste. The same themes - together with a presentation of love as charity, as friendship, and in its sexual taste - are present in Joseph Andrews, Fielding’s first novel. It is a work of considerable literary sophistication and satirical verve, but its appeal lies also in its spirit of comic affirmation, epitomized in the celebrated character of Parson Adams. This revised and expanded edition follows the text of Joseph Andrews established by Martin C. Battestin for the definitive Wesleyan Edition of Fielding’s works. The text of Shamela is based on the first edition, and two substantial appendices reprint the preliminary matter from Conyers Middleton’s Life of Cicero and the second edition of Richardson’s Pamela (both closely parodied in Shamela). A new introduction by Thomas Keymer situates Fielding’s works in their critical and historical contexts.
Tom Jones
Authors: Fielding Henry
Published: December 2020

Fielding's comic masterpiece of 1749 was immediately attacked as `A motley history of bastardism, fornication, and adultery'. Indeed, his populous novel overflows with a marvellous assortment of prudes, whores, libertines, bumpkins, misanthropes, hypocrites, scoundrels, virgins, and all too fallible humanitarians. At the centre of one of the most ingenious plots in English fiction stands a hero whose actions were, in 1749, as shocking as they are funny today. Expelled from Mr Allworthy's country estate for his wild temper and sexual conquests, the good-hearted foundling Tom Jones loses his money, joins the army, and pursues his beloved across Britain to London, where he becomes a kept lover and confronts the possibility of incest. Tom Jones is rightly regarded as Fielding's greatest work, and one of the first and most influential of English novels. This carefully modernized edition is based on Fielding's emended fourth edition text and offers the most thorough notes, maps, and bibliography. The introduction uses the latest scholarship to examine how Tom Jones exemplifies the role of the novel in the emerging eighteenth-century public sphere.
Jude the Obscure
Authors: Hardy Thomas
Published: December 2020

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul?' Jude Fawley, poor and working-class, longs to study at the University of Christminster, but he is rebuffed, and trapped in a loveless marriage. He falls in love with his unconventional cousin Sue Bridehead, and their refusal to marry when free to do so confirms their rejection of and by the world around them. The shocking fate that overtakes them is an indictment of a rigid and uncaring society. Hardy's last and most controversial novel, Jude the Obscure caused outrage when it was published in 1895. This is the first truly critical edition, taking account of the changes that Hardy made over twenty-five years. It includes a new chronology and bibliography and substantially revised notes.
Tess of the d'Urbervilles
Authors: Hardy Thomas , Boumelha Penny
Published: December 2020

‘She looked absolutely pure. Nature, in her fantastic trickery, had set such a seal of maidenhood upon Tess s countenance that he gazed at her with a stupefied air: “Tess– say it is not true! No, it is not true!”’ Young Tess Durbeyfield attempts to restore her family's fortunes by claiming their connection with the aristocratic d'Urbervilles. But Alec d'Urberville is a rich wastrel who seduces her and makes her life miserable. When Tess meets Angel Clare, she is offered true love and happiness, but her past catches up with her and she faces an agonizing moral choice. Hardy's indictment of society's double standards, and his depiction of Tess as ‘a pure woman’, caused controversy in his day and has held the imagination of readers ever since. Hardy thought it his finest novel, and Tess the most deeply felt character he ever created. This unique critical text is taken from the authoritative Clarendon edition, which is based on the manuscript collated with all Hardy's subsequent revisions.
In a Glass Darkly
Authors: Le Fanu J. Sheridan
Published: December 2020

‘The ideal reading…for the hours after midnight.’ Thus Henry James described the style of supernatural tale of which Sheridan Le Fanu was a master. Known in nineteenth-century Dublin as ‘The Invisible Prince’ because of his reclusive and nocturnal habits, Le Fanu was fascinated by the occult. His writings draw on the Gothic tradition, elements of Irish folklore, and even on the social and political anxieties of his Anglo-Irish contemporaries. In exploring sometimes inexplicable terrors, the tales focus on the unease of the haunted men and women who encounter the supernatural, rather than on the origin or purpose of the visitant. This makes for spine-chilling reading. The five stories presented here have been collected by Dr Hesselius, a ‘metaphysical’ doctor, the forerunner of the modern psychiatrist, who is willing to consider the ghosts both as real and as hallucinatory obsessions. The reader’s doubtful anxiety mimics that of the protagonist, and each story thus creates that atmosphere of mystery which is the supernatural experience.
The Heart of Midlothian
Authors: Scott Walter
Published: December 2020

This novel, which has always been regarded as one of Scott’s finest, opens with the Edinburgh riots of 1736. The people of the city have been infuriated by the actions of John Porteous, Captain of the Guard, and when they hear that his death has been reprieved by the distant monarch they ignore the Queen and resolve to take their own revenge. At the cente of the story is Edinburgh’s forbidding Tolbooth prison, known by all as the Heart of Midlothian.
Ivanhoe
Authors: Scott Walter
Published: December 2020

More than a century after the Norman Conquest, England remains a colony of foreign warlords. The dissolute Prince John plots to seize his brother’s crown, his barons terrorize the country, and the mysterious outlaw Robin Hood haunts the ancient greenwood. The secret return of King Richard and the disinherited Saxon knight, Ivanhoe, heralds the start of a splendid and tumultuous romance, featuring the tournament at Ashby-de-la-Zouche, the siege of Torquilstone, and the clash of wills between the wicked Templar Bois-Guilbert and the sublime Jewess Rebecca. In Ivanhoe Scott fashioned an imperial myth of national cultural identity that has shaped the popular imagination ever since its first appearance at the end of 1819. The most famous of Scottish novelists drew on the conventions of Gothic fiction, including its risky sexual and racial themes, to explore the violent origins and limits of English nationality. This edition uses the 1830 Magnum Opus text, corrected against the Interleaved Set, and incorporates readings from Scott’s manuscript. The introduction examines the originality and cultural importance of Ivanhoe, and draws on current work by historians and cultural critics.
The Woodlanders
Authors: Hardy Thomas , Boumelha Penny
Published: December 2020

‘If ever I forget your name let me forget home and heaven…But no, no, my love, I never can forget’ee; for you was a good man, and did good things!’ Love, and the erratic heart, are at the centre of Hardy’s ‘woodland story’. Set in the beautiful Blackmoor Vale, The Woodlanders concerns the fortunes of Giles Winterborne, whose love for the well-to-do Grace Melbury is challenged by the arrival of the dashing and dissolute doctor, Edred Fitzpiers. When the mysterious Felice Charmond further complicates the romantic entanglements, marital choice and class mobility become inextricably linked. Hardy’s powerful novel depicts individuals in thrall to desire and the natural law that motivates them. This is the only critical edition of The Woodlanders based on a comprehensive study of the manuscript and incorporating later revisions.
The Golden Bowl
Authors: James Henry
Published: December 2020

abstract

A rich American art-collector and his daughter Maggie buy in for themselves and to their greater glory a beautiful young wife and a noble husband. They do not know that Charlotte and Prince Amerigo were formerly lovers, nor that on the eve of the Prince’s marriage they had discovered, in a Bloomsbury antique shop, a golden bowl with a secret flaw. When the golden bowl is broken, Maggie must leave the security of her childhood and try to reassemble the pieces of her shattered happiness. In this, the last of his three great poetic masterpieces, James combined with a dazzling virtuosity elements of social comedy, of mystery, terror, and myth. The Golden Bowl is the most controversial, ambiguous, and sophisticated of James’s novels.
L'Assommoir
Authors: Zola Émile
Published: December 2020

The seventh novel in the Rougon-Macquart cycle, L'Assommoir (1877) is the story of a woman's struggle for happiness in working-class Paris. It was a contemporary bestseller, outraged conservative critics, and launched a passionate debate about the legitimate scope of modern literature. At the centre of the novel stands Gervaise, who starts her own laundry and for a time makes a success of it. But her husband Coupeau squanders her earnings in the Assommoir, the local drinking shop, and gradually the pair sink into poverty and squalor. L'Assommoir is the most finely crafted of Zola's novels, and this new translation captures not only the brutality but also the pathos of its characters' lives. This book is a pwerful indictment of nineteenth-century social conditions, and the introduction examines its relation to politics and art as well as its explosive effect on the literary scene.
Wieland; or The Transformation, and Memoirs of Carwin, The Biloquist
Authors: Brown Charles Brockden
Published: December 2020

One of the earliest American novels, Wieland (1798) is a thrilling tale of suspense and intrigue set in rural Pennyslvania in the 1760s. Based on an actual case of a New York farmer who murdered his family, the novel employs Gothic devices and sensational elements such as spontaneous combustion, ventriloquism, and religious fanaticism. The plot turns on the charming but diabolical intruder Carwin, who exercises his power over the narrator, Clara Wieland, and her family, destroying the order and authority of the small community in which they live. Underlying the mystery and horror, however, is a profound examination of the human mind's capacity for rational judgement. The text also explores some of the most important issues vital to the survival of democracy in the new American republic. Brown further considers power and manipulation in his unfinished sequel, Memoirs of Carwin the Biloquist, which traces Carwin's career as a disciple of the utopist Ludloe.
Selected Writings
Authors: Hazlitt William
Published: December 2020

abstract

William Hazlitt (1778–1830) developed a variety of identities as a writer: essayist, philosopher, critic of literature, drama, and painting, biographer, political commentator, and polemicist. What unites this variety is his dramatic and passionate intelligence, his unswerving commitment to individual and political liberty, and his courageous opposition to established political and cultural power. Hailed in 1819 as ‘one of the ablest and most eloquent critics of our nation’, Hazlitt was also reviled for his political radicalism by the conservative press of the period. His writing engages with many of the important cultural and political debates of a revolutionary period, and retains its power both to provoke and move the reader.