bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA DA UEM DISCUTEM SOBRE DOAÇÃO DE TECIDOS E ÓRGÃOS COM ALUNOS DE COLÉGIOS PÚBLICOS DE MARINGÁ-PR
Authors: Kaminata Isadora Yumi Yokoyama , de Oliveira Alyne Gabriele Barros , Tavares Giovanna de Godoy , Resende Guilherme Augusto Guimarães , da Silva Juliana Corá , de Siqueira Kamilly Vitória , Vitalino Lucas , Ripol Mariana de Oliveira , Pinto Milena Babugia , Hachmann Thaís Fernanda , de Andrade Júlia Regina , Lopes Cláudia Regina Pinheiro , Barbosa Carmem Patrícia
Published: November 2023

A Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) promove a universalização do conhecimento científico e a capacitação prática de seus alunos por meio de incentivo à extensão universitária. O presente estudo é fruto de um projeto de extensão da UEM e visou democratizar o conhecimento produzido na universidade a alunos do ensino fundamental e médio de alguns colégios públicos de Maringá no que tange à doação de órgãos e tecidos. Apesar do país ser destaque na doação de órgãos, ainda apresenta uma das maiores lista de espera para transplante do mundo, evidenciando um cenário de desconhecimento da população sobre o tema. Assim, o foco da análise foi fornecer informação aos adolescentes afim de que os mesmos possam transmiti-las, fomentando a compreensão sobre o assunto. Para tanto, acadêmicos do curso de medicina da UEM ministraram palestras, confeccionaram banners e aplicaram questionários pré e pós explicações das atividades lúdicas desenvolvidas com os alunos do 6° ano do ensino fundamental ao 3° ano do ensino médio. Constatou-se que, após as explanações, houve mudança em relação aos aspectos avaliados, comprovando que de fato o processo educativo dinâmico une ensino e aprendizado ao cotidiano social por meio da vivência da realidade, promovendo conhecimento e mudanças de atitudes.
IMPACT OF STRATEGIC CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Omar Gihan Ahmed
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to substantiate the mechanism through which strategic corporate social responsibility (SCSR) based on (social commitment, operational excellence, and social formalization) affects directly and indirectly on financial performance (FP). Specifically, this paper focuses on the mediating effect of sustainability balanced scorecard in the relationship. The paper investigates Egyptian top 30 enterprises that have been listed in the Egyptian EGX-ESG, index according to their compliance with new EGX regulations regarding social responsibility, corporate governance and sustainability governance. Data have been collected through closed questionnaires from a sample of top managers. The hypotheses have been tested using the path analysis technique .The statistical results initially demonstrate that SBSC mediate the relation between SCSR and financial performance. SCSR based on social commitment, social operational excellence, and social formalization has positive indirect effect on the FP through SBSC. Also based on the statistical results, only one dimension of SCSR (social formalization) has direct effect on financial performance, whereas the direct effect of the other two dimensions (social commitment and operational excellence is rejected. The paper argues for the importance of SBSC in enhancing the effects of SCSR on firm performance and particularly on financial performance.
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES
Authors: Lencho Dereje Muleta
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted with the objective of assessing factors affecting performance of micro and small enterprises in Assosa town. The study identified that the external and internal factors affected performance of MSEs and their existence could improve the normal operation of micro and small enterprises performance. Correlation coefficients revealed a significant positive relationship between performances of MSEs. Variables such as political, legal, financial, marketing, working premises, infrastructural, opportunity seeking, persistence, commitment to the work, demand for efficiency and quality, goal setting, risk taking, information seeking, and self-confidence positively influence performance of MSEs (profit) and significantly affect performance of MSEs. Similarly, for capital, variables such as political, legal, financial, marketing, working premises, technological, opportunity seeking, persistence, commitment to the work, demand for efficiency and quality, risk taking, information seeking, and self-confidence positively influence performance of MSEs (capital) and significantly affect performance of MSEs. In addition, for number of employees; variables such as political, financial, marketing, working premises, opportunity seeking, persistence, commitment to the work, demand for efficiency and quality, information seeking, and goal setting positively influence performance of MSEs and significantly affect performance of MSEs in terms of number of employees. Improving those variables increase performance of MSEs (profit, capital and number of employees). The study recommended that MSEs office could be transparent at the time of allocating the working place to the MSEs, better to design close supervisor of MSEs and linking the MSEs with other private contractors working around Assosa town, support the establishment and strength of business development services. Similarly, the MSEs office could increase the capacity and skill of the operators through continuous trainings, and create linkage with entrepreneurship development center to fill entrepreneurial skill gaps of MSEs of owners/ mangers. Moreover, in order to reduce the influence of external and internal factors on performance of MSEs, policy makers and the service provider institutions need to consider and revise the extent, intensity, and quality of support and their linkages.
FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN ETHIOPIA WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO AMHARA REGION MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Chirkos Asmamaw Yigzaw
Published: November 2023

Micro and Small enterprises (MSEs) play a key role in economic growth and industrial development of a country. They make vital contributions in improving economic and social sectors of a country through stimulating large scale employment, investment, development of indigenous skill and technology, promotion of entrepreneurship and innovativeness, enhancing exports, and also building an industrial base at different scales. However, Ethiopian micro- and small enterprises (MSEs) still perform poorly as a result of a combination of factors ranging from internal to external factors.  The study aims to investigate the growth determinants of MSEs based on a survey covering 45 randomly selected MSEs from Amhara  regional state of Ethiopia through the test of three main hypotheses that are formulated concerning owner characteristics, firm characteristics  and business environments ( external factors) as a main determinants of growth of an enterprise. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The finding shows that there is a significant relationship between growth of MSEs and owner characteristics, firm characteristics and business environments.
EFFECTS OF WORK STRESS ON SERVICE DELIVERY, PRODUCTIVITY, SERVICE QUALITY AND CORPORATE IMAGE IN KENYA DISCIPLINED SERVICES
Authors: MUCHIRI (PhD) DR. CHEGE THENYA
Published: November 2023

The study objective was to identify the effects of work stress on service delivery, productivity, service quality and corporate image in Kenya disciplined services. The study would be useful in the design of effective strategies for reducing job stress that would in turn result in improved job performance among Kenya disciplined services. The study target population included all NYS employees based in all NYS six Stations in Nairobi Kenya. Stratified random sampling was utilized in drawing a representative sample of 111 employees from a population of 557 for the study. Structured questionnaires were administered by obtaining the respondents sentiments regarding the research topic. The researcher used statistical package for Social Scientists (SPSS) data analysis program to help generate statistical analysis further. From the study findings it was very clear that work stress had a significant effect on service delivery, productivity, service quality and corporate image of Kenya disciplined services. Further the study identified that work stress had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance, the researcher found that 50.5% of staff was exposed to stress arising from excessive work pressure also record negative concentration of work; 2.97% of staff who suffer stress triggered by frequent abuse by supervisors had their concentration of work impaired. Also 58.1% of staff who were exposed to frequent run-ins with supervisors experienced impaired creativity. Adequate job control enhanced work creativity as posited by 59.2% of participating NYS staff. Findings also supported that staff exposure to sexual harassment in the office impacted negatively on creativity. In conclusion, NYS staff were largely exposed to stress arising from quantitative and qualitative work overload working during odd hours, over enrolment of students in various courses, working under strict deadlines; inadequate reward system(pay/promotion/recognition);” unnecessary” and frequent transfers especially to hardship areas; inadequate tools and equipment, bullying by senior officers( harassment, degradation, humiliation, shame, intimidation, coercion and threats of transfers); unclear task definition, guidelines, scheduling and job definition; lack of training opportunities irrelevant training not matched to skill requirements ; poor placements( role not matched to competence); poor working relation (lack of staff cooperation, arguments and quarrels); and unsupportive working environment from both coworker and supervisors in that order. The study findings recommended that NYS has to realign its vision, mission and long-term objective for the challenges of becoming a premier disciplined Service will be reflected on the quality of service delivery, corporate image, staff productivity and efficiency in service delivery.
EFFECTS OF TIME AND COST EFFECTIVE STRESS MONITORING, MANAGEMENT, PREVENTION AND REDUCTION PROGRAMS ON STAFF PERFORMANCE IN THE KENYA DISCIPLINED SERVICES
Authors: MUCHIRI (PhD) DR. CHEGE THENYA
Published: November 2023

The purpose for this paper was to explore the effects of time and cost effective stress monitoring, management, prevention and reduction programs on staff performance in the Kenya Disciplined Services. In this study, Kenya Disciplined services staff were surveyed to identify their perceived job stressors and measure degree of impact of job related stress and organizations performance. The result was used to design effective strategies for reducing job stress that will in turn result in improved job performance among these staff. The survey method was used to help determine the level of workplace stress of the staff and the impact on staff and organizations performance. Stratified random sampling was utilized in drawing a representative same of 111 employees from a population of 557 for the study. The target population for study was based on all employees of NYS in all the six Nairobi Stations. A structured questionnaire administered by research assistant was the main data collection instrument for the research. The researcher used statistical package for Social Scientists (SPSS) data analysis program to help generate statistical analysis further. The results were presented in descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages. The study found out that time and cost effective monitoring, managemnt prevention had an effect of performance in the Kenyans Disciplined Services. The study therefore recommended that there was a need for NYS to realign its vision, mission and long-term objective for the challenges of becoming a premier disciplined Service will be reflected on the quality of service delivery, corporate image, staff productivity and efficiency in service delivery. Achieving these organization performance indicators calls for among others a stress free working environment among staff and a comprehensive stress policy to monitor, manage and prevent work stress.
INFLUENCE OF CUSTOMER SERVICE DELIVERY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA
Authors: KURIA PURITY , MAORE STEPHEN  MAORE K. , MUNGA JANE
Published: November 2023

The study determined the influence customer service delivery on organizational performance of private universities in Kenya.  The study was guided by service-profit chain theory. The research used descriptive cross sectional design. The target population was 172 respondents from the targeted private universities in Kenya. Stratified random sampling approach was used to determine the sample of 124 participants. Data was collected using questionnaires. For the determination of reliability, Cronbach alpha was adopted. For the analysis of data, quantitative approaches using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23.0) was adopted to generate inferential and descriptive statistics results. Upon the analysis of data, data presentation was done by use of frequency tables. The study outcome revealed an existing positive and significant correlation between customer service delivery and organization performance in private universities in Kenya. This proves that, when customer service delivery is enhance, the organization performance in private universities in Kenya also greatly improves. The study therefore recommended that, Universities leadership should start implementing customer service delivery to spearhead positive results. The recommendations were that institutions should enhance customer service delivery to enhance financial performance.
EVALUATION OF DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM DESTINATION’S COMPETITIVENESS ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY
Authors: ONSERIO DELVIN K. , OMARE MONGARE , NYABOGA YOBES
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study sought to evaluate the influence of determinants of tourism destination competitiveness on customer loyalty. The study evaluated by the fact many tourism destinations competitiveness in Kenya are silent to domestic tourism due to lack of customer loyalty.  The specific objective was to evaluate the effects of destination attractiveness, to establish the effect of auxilary factors, to determine the influence of destination management and to establish the moderating role of situational condition in sanctuaries. The study would of significance to the management of tourism destinations. The study adopted Michael porter theory of competitive advantage. The study used descriptive research design. The study used a sample size of 233 respondents from tourist destinations. The target population was 466 respondents from the two sanctuaries. Stratified sampling techniques were used to select 233 respondents from Assistant warden ii, sergeant education warden, customer care officers, supervisors, animal keepers, tour guides, rangers, cage attendants, research scientist, and corporal discipline officers. The tool for data collection was research questionnaire. Validity of research instruments were measured by supervisor’s opinion and relevant research experts. Reliability of research instruments were determined by use of Crobach alpha coefficients. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics involving percentage, mean, and standard deviations. The results were presented by use of charts, figures, graphs and tables. The findings from the study were of significance to the management of tourism destinations, policy makers, academicians and researchers who would use relevant knowledge to do further research.  The destination management affects attractiveness. Development in the destination should be responsive to visitor needs, Marketing of Tourist attractions should seek to increase resident awareness and reputation of domestic holidays, There’s need to engage domestic tourists through social networks such as you tube, twitter, facebook, whatsapp, etc to ensure efficient communication, Planning and development should focus on the uniqueness of the destination.
OPPORTUNITY FOR ADVANCEMENT STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE OF NON-ACADEMIC STAFF IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ELDORET, KENYA
Authors: SEREM CALVINE CHEPLETING , ONGESA TOM
Published: November 2023

Globalization has energized organizations to develop strategies that would make them relevant in the market. This has been motivated by the dynamic nature of the global market that requires adaptability, continuous learning and improvement. Modern organizations are therefore faced with the dire need of developing, upgrading and expanding knowledge and skills of workers. This is presumably the best option of attaining competitive advantage. The adoption of diverse employees, collaborations, innovations, inclusivity and talent development has necessitated the need to develop opportunities for advancement of the workforce. Advancement often requires employees to acquire new skills and knowledge. These skills directly contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the broader development agendas. In view of this, training workers in sustainable practices and/or innovation is helpful in addressing various SDGs related to the environment and economic growth. Despite all these, little has been done by some universities to utilize and provide opportunities for the non-teaching workforce in the form of professional development. This study assessed the extent to which opportunity for advancement strategy influences performance of non -academic staff at the University of Eldoret in Kenya. The study endeavored to establish the influence of opportunity for advancement on employees’ performance at University of Eldoret in Kenya (UoE). The study was based on human capital theory. It was based on a quantitative research approach. The researcher used a descriptive research design to obtain views and opinions of respondents on the research problem. The target population of this study comprised all the 208 permanent non-teaching staff from which 137 were picked as sample size of the study using Yamane formula. Stratified and simple random samplings were used to select respondents for the study proportionally and randomly respectively. The study used structured questionnaires as its main primary data collection tool. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics included use of percentages, frequencies, and measures of central tendency. Inferentially, linear regression analysis was applied to get the changes in dependent variable caused by the influence of independent variable. The findings of the study established that opportunity for advancement was statistically significant in explaining the dependent variable.  This study will be beneficial to all stakeholders in higher education in their endeavors to enhance performance in service delivery.
NEWSPAPER AUDIENCES’ GAINS FROM READING NEWS ABOUT PARLIAMENT IN KENYA
Authors: KILONZO ONESMUS , KIILU TOMMY , GITHIORA BARNABAS
Published: November 2023

Gate-keeping in journalism is of vital importance in the media environment today. In Kenya, the role of media in the safeguarding of transparency of democratic processes in modern-day politics and society cannot be underestimated. However, in building linkages between the people and their representatives, the gains for audience have remained clouded. This Study sought to analyze the newspaper audiences‟ gains from reading news on Parliament’s activities. The Study was anchored on Habermasian Theory of the Public Sphere as well as the Herman and Chomsky’s ‘Manufacturing Consent – A Propaganda Model’. Constructivist research philosophy adopted a mixed method design in which triangulation of tools was used. This study was conducted within Nairobi County, Kenya.  The two main newspapers which were chosen were The Nation and The Standard.  The results showed that overall public perception on Parliamentary reporting by print media had a negative score which in quantitative percentages would translate to 37% positive, 11% negative and 52% undecided respondents. The study concluded that Kenyans are not just passive consumers of parliamentary news. Instead, they question - and even react to – news that are likely to have great impact on their lives.  The study thus recommended that vernacular newspapers be set up to specifically report on Parliament, so as to enable more people, especially those not conversant with either English or Kiswahili, to understand what happens in Parliament.
AN ANALYSIS OF HOW POLITICS STREAM AFFECTS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ROAD SAFETY POLICY MEASURES IN NYANZA REGION, KENYA
Authors: OMWERI FRED SIAMBE , MUNA WILSON , NJOROGE JANE
Published: November 2023

A large number of road safety policies has been formulated and attempted to be implemented in Kenya to try and reduce road fatality and injury but still the high rates of traffic morbidities appear to be on the raise in Nyanza region. Due to the concerns the study of analyzing how politics streams affect implementation of road safety policy measures in Nyanza region in Kenya implementation was conducted to look for solutions. The study was backed with Multiple Streams Framework and Punctuated Equilibrium Model. The research used a descriptive survey and explanatory design with pragmatic research philosophy point of view while embracing mixed research approaches. The study utilized census, simple random sampling, and stratified random sampling, purposive sampling, and systematic random sampling techniques in drawing a representative sample. The sample size of the study was 347 of target population. The study interviewed 6 traffic base commanders, 2 county Matatu Owners’ Association and 2 NTSA county directors. The study also employed both participatory and non-participatory observation to collect supplementary data. The reliability of the study instrument was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha, while the validity was assessed using factor analysis and expert opinion. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Quantitative data was examined by means of simple regression approaches. Based on the derivatives from the objectives, theme analysis was used to assess qualitative data. The study then presented quantitative data using tables and figures, while qualitative data was reported in continuous prose. The findings established that the problem Streams Framework influenced the implementation of motorway safety policy measures among matatu operators to a moderate extent. The study showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the problem Streams Framework and implementation of road safety policies. The study establishes that the government agencies need to digitalize data on road accidents and recommends a collaborative approach between government agencies responsible for the implementation of road safety policy measures. This study concluded that problem Streams affects the implementation of road safety policy measures, and so there is need for all policy actors to take into account all streams whenever they intend to initiate the enactment of road safety measures.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
Authors: MUNGA JANE , JUMA DENNIS , NJERU AGNES
Published: November 2023

There is a growing interest among scholars in strategic management on the need to establish performance measures of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between organizational structure and Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing firms in Kenya. The findings of this study are valuable to the managers of the Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, researchers and academicians in providing knowledge on organizational structure implementation on firm performance especially in the context of developing economies. The research used descriptive survey design. Data collected was both qualitative and quantitative. The target population comprised of managers in all the 19 Pharmaceutical manufacturing firms listed by the Pharmaceutical Society of Kenya (PSK, 2016). Judgmental sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. A sample of 209 was selected. This included one manager from each department who was identified as being directly related to organizational structure implementation. 19 firms and 209 mangers formed the sample size. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data. Once data was collected, it was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 21 where multiple regression was used to show the relationship between independent and dependent variables of the study. The findings of the study revealed that company processes that are structured well have a direct influence on strategy implementation.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND STOCK RETURNS OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS LISTED IN THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE
Authors: MWANGI FRASHIAH WANJIKU , KIPTUI MOSES , OLWENY TOBIAS
Published: November 2023

This paper established the relationship between determinants of capital structure and stock returns of non-financial firms listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange.  Specifically, the study determined the relationship between stock return and firm’s profitability, liquidity, asset tangibility of non-financial firms listed in the NSE. Secondary data used in the study was obtained from audited published financial statements for ten years for 45 non-financial listed firms in Kenya. Panel data of thirty-five firms from NSE between the years 2011 to 2020 was used to conduct the research. Ten non-financial firms did not have complete records as they were either not listed at stock market as at year 2011 (NSE, Umeme ltd, Home Boyz Ltd) or they were delisted and not trading at the stock market by year 2020 (Uchumi Supermarket ltd, Mumias Sugar, Deacons ltd). The data series were established to be highly stochastic and skewed hence the need to transform the series to logs in order to establish normal distributions and ensure Gauss normality assumptions would apply. A panel multiple regression model was adopted in order to test the influence of the four variables on stock returns.  Profitability, Liquidity, firm size and tangibility were established to influence stock returns to the tune of 68.26% while 31.74% of changes on stock returns was determined by other factors not included in the analysis. This may be attributed to the firm’s internal factors and external factors beyond the control of the firm, for example the macroeconomic factors, social and political factors and legal environment in which a firm operates on. The coefficients of the variables were assumed to be the same across the firms. Low p-values for profitability, liquidity and firm size revealed that the three factors are significant in influencing stock returns across the firms at 95% level of significance. Tangibility exhibited p-value of 0.908 which is higher than 0.05, hence not significant in influencing stock return despite the positive relationship. This implies that firms need to focus more on profit, their ability to convert their fixed assets to liquid assets (liquidity) and the size of the firm in order to have a significant impact on stock returns.
THE INFLUENCE OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON THE GOVERNANCE OF COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITALS IN KENYA
Authors: MUTEMI EUNICE , KIMIYWE JUDITH , NYAKUNDI AUGUSTUS
Published: November 2023

Authentic Leadership has received considerable attention because of its potential implications on the governance of an organization. Scholars have outlined authentic leadership as a possible solution for the governance of hospitals today. This study focused on five County referral hospitals. The preparedness of County referral hospitals was a challenge during the implementation of devolution in Kenya. The transfer of national government services to the County governments was occasioned by the promulgation of the Kenyan constitution 2010. Authentic leadership is one of the most effective types of leadership and its influence on the governance of health institutions has rarely been addressed in Kenya. The broad objective of this study was to determine the influence of authentic leadership on the governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the influence of self-awareness, internalized moral perspective, balanced processing, and relational transparency on the governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. This mixed methods study was anchored on pragmatism philosophy where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data. The study population included County health leaders such as director of health, County health management team and health program managers. This included doctors, nurses, nutritionists, clinical officers, public health officers, and health workers in the sampled five County referral hospitals. The study employed both purposive and random sampling techniques. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data was analyzed based on emerging themes in narrative form as guided by the study objectives. It was determined that there exists a relationship between authentic leadership, leadership efficacy, and governance of County referral hospitals in Kenya. The government and key stakeholders could apply the results in policy making. Effective policy could ensure that all health institutions engage and develop leaders’ authentic leadership knowledge and skills. The Ministry of Health should utilize the capacity building recommendations to develop those in service in order to improve the leadership and governance of health institutions in Kenya and beyond.
Panorama różnorodności. Muzea-domy historyczne Mediolanu jako nośniki pamięci kolektywnej o społecznej, kulturowej i artystycznej ewolucji miasta
Authors: Wiśnicka Anna
Published: November 2023

Tekst prezentuje panoramę muzeów-domów historycznych Mediolanu, które obrazują zmiany zachodzące na arenie społecznej, artystycznej i kulturowej miasta. Analiza przykładów oparta jest na założeniach teorii pamięci kolektywnej, której nośnikami są wybrane placówki. Na potrzeby uściślenia zagadnienia pod uwagę zostały wzięte domy wiążące się ze zmianami ekonomiczno-społecznymi, których początku upatrywać należy u schyłku XIX wieku, a których apogeum przypada na drugą połowę wieku XX, kiedy miasto przeżywało rozkwit artystyczno--architektoniczny doby postmodernizmu. Interpretacji we wspomnianym kontekście zostaną poddane domy kolekcjonerów, przemysłowców oraz projektantów form użytkowych, jak również przykłady budownictwa wielorodzinnego, które dopełniają mediolańską perspektywę rozwoju muzeów-domów historycznych. Choć każdy z przykładów powstał w innym okresie, posiada odrębną genezę i prezentuje inny styl architektoniczny, wspólnie stanowią świadectwo zmian w funkcjonowaniu zarówno na kanwie tak zwanej historii życia prywatnego, jaki globalnych przemian społecznych.
Od redakcji
Authors: Studiów i Materiałów Lubelskich Redaktorzy
Published: November 2023

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Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Okda Sherouk M , Kassem Amira B , Salahuddin Ahmad , El-Bassiouny Noha A
Published: November 2023

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Major and well-established cardiovascular disease risk factors include advancing age, male sex, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, elevated total serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Genetic polymorphism represents an additional risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is not explored and researched thoroughly. In this review article, a total of 31 scientific articles studying the association between different genetic polymorphisms and the risk of cardiovascular disease were studied. Different genetic polymorphisms were found to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease incidence, and genotyping of these different genetic polymorphisms should be considered as routine screening for cardiovascular disease.
Impact of socioeconomic level on the physical condition of schools: A motor gap
Authors: Barril Llorens Paula , Pérez Turpin José Antonio , Amatria Jiménez Mario , Gomis Gomis María José , Pena-Pérez Xesús
Published: November 2023

The objective of this study was to analyse the physical condition of students in the third cycle of Primary Education from various educational centres in the Province of Alicante, in relation to their socioeconomic level. The study sample was made up of a total of 240 students from the third cycle of Primary Education, specifically 136 boys and 104 girls, from various schools located in three different geographical environments in the province of Alicante (urban, rural, coastal). A correlational and descriptive study was carried out. To measure the socioeconomic level of the students, families completed the Social Class Questionnaire; Regarding the anthropometric and motor condition of the students, body composition, musculoskeletal capacity, aerobic capacity and motor capacity were evaluated, for which the ALPHA-Fitness battery was used. In addition, to measure the students' adherence to the Mediterranean diet and extracurricular sports activity, the students filled out the KIDMED and PAQ-C questionnaires (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children) respectively. The results showed that the students in the study with a higher socioeconomic level have a better physical condition in terms of body composition, musculoskeletal capacity, aerobic capacity and motor capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to implement programs and activities that encourage the practice of physical activity and the acquisition of healthy habits, especially in the most disadvantaged areas.
TUJUN DAN FUNGSI FILSAFAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN ILMU
Authors: Muhadi Faisal , Nurliana
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tujuan filsafat dalam pengembangan ilmu serta fungsi dari filsafat pada pengembangan ilmu. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui lebih spesifik terkait tujuan dan fungsi filsafat dalam pengembangan ilmu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatatan kualitatif metode SLR (systematic literature review). Sumber literatur diambil melalui database google scholar jurnal dan buku. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah filsafat ilmu sebagai penjelas keberadaan ilmu terhadap ilmu lain yang membutuhkan pengetahuan sebagai media berpikir ilmiah. Filsafat bertujuan sebagai pendorong ilmuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan ilmiah. Filsafat ilmu harus  diintegrasikan dengan perkembangan ilmu agar terwujudnya fungsi keilmuan terutama aspek moral serta intelektual. Hal tersebut karena ilmu bersifat independen atau netral dan tidak bermakna baik atau buruk, berkembang nya ilmu maka berkembang pula filsafat ilmu, karena filsafat ilmu memiliki peran sebagai pewujud etika keilmuan yang baik. Adanya filsafat ilmu bertujuan untuk mengembalikan ruh keilmuah agar tetap mendorong para ilmuah untuk berpikir dan berprilaku bijaksana.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Syafira  , Zuraira Tasya , Utami Nuria Tri , Sagala Chairunnisa , Anggara Aldi Bayu , Nasution Inom
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penilaian, kendala, solusi dan hasil yang diperoleh dari pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia yakni guru bahasa Indonesia mulai merancang untuk pengadaan silabus, analisis standar kompetensi lulusan, kompetensi inti dan kompetensi dasar, menyusun program tahunan, menyusun program semester, kriteria ketuntasan minimal, dan membuat rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan kurikulum yang berlaku. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran mengarahkan siswa agar berusaha dengan sendirinya dan penuh kesadaran secara bersama-sama untuk mencapai sasaran sesuai dengan apa yang tertera dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran. Penilaian pembelajaran dengan tahapan yakni ketika proses pembelajaran berlangsung siswa melaksanakan tugas dari guru. Kendala yang dialami adalah ketika ditemukan siswa yang tidak percaya diri maka sulit untuk disuruh presentasi di depan kelas, siswa sering mengulur-ulur waktu ketika pengajaran latihan sehingga pekerjaan terabaikan. Evaluasi  program  adalah  suatu  upaya  untuk  mengumpulkan,  menyusun,  mengolah  dan menganalisa  fakta,  data  dan  informasi  untuk  menyimpulkan  harga,  nilai,  prestasi,  kegunaan, manfaat mengenai suatu program, kantor, sekolah, organisasi atau lembaga dan lain-lain untuk disimpulkan  sebagai  landasan  pengambilan  keputusan  tentang  program  tersebut  apakah dilanjutkan, direvisi atau dihentikan.
 
Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Program Penguatan, dan Bahasa Indonesia
MEZOPOTAMYA İNANIŞLARINDA DÜALİTE: SİN-ŞAMAŞ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇELEBİ Nurgül
Published: November 2023

Binlerce yıllık köklü bir tarihe sahip olan Mezopotamya zengin bir kültürün oluştuğu, çok sayıda inancın harmanlandığı ve birbirinden farklı medeniyetlerin doğduğu bir bölgedir. Çok çeşitlilik teşkil eden Mezopotamya inanışları Ortadoğu ve Anadolu’nun kültürel dokusunu oluşturan çok sayıda tanrıyı ve miti bünyesinde barındırmıştır. Sümer, Akad, Asur/Babil gibi birçok medeniyetin ve tek tanrılı dinlerin doğduğu bu coğrafyanın inanış sistemleri arasında düal bir yapının bulunup bulunmadığı konusu bu makalenin temel sorunsalını oluşturmaktadır. Çok tanrılı bir yapı teşkil etmesine rağmen Mezopotamya’nın güneş ve ay tanrıları arasında ikili bir yapının bulunması bu makalenin ana konusudur. Mezopotamya inanışları arasında söz konusu ikili yapının gözlemlendiği ay tanrısı Sin ve güneş tanrısı Şamaş odak nokta durumundadır. Bu iki tanrı özelinde düalitenin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu makalenin çerçevesi Sin Şamaş düalitesinin mahiyeti ve Mezopotamya inanışlarındaki yeri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Söz konusu düal yapı zamansal ve evrensel olmak üzere iki farklı perspektiften ele alınıp sınıflandırılmıştır. Bunların mahiyeti deskriptif yöntem ile analiz edilmiş ve karşılaştırma metoduyla ele alınmıştır. Yürütülen çalışma neticesinde Sin Şamaş arasındaki düal yapının tezatlıkların mücadelesinden ziyade birbirini tamamlayan bir özellik tespit edilmiştir. Bu iki tanrı arasındaki görev dağılımı ölüler diyarı ve yeryüzü arasında belirgin bir şekilde düaliteye örnek teşkil etmektedir. Buradaki düalite karanlık ve aydınlık düalitesiyle birçok yönden benzeşmektedir.
Compostela, Bari e Xerusalén: tras as pegadas dunha cultura figurativa nos Camiños de Peregrinación
Authors: Castiñeiras Manuel A.
Published: November 2023

O apoxeo das peregrinacións a Santiago de Compostela dende finais do século XI coincide coa aparición do culto de San Nicolás en Bari e co fenómeno da Primeira Cruzada. Compostela e Bari, na súa condición de cidades de chegada e de partida de peregrinos, convértense así mesmo en centros privilexiados canda o xurdimento dun novo estilo internacional: o Románico. O Románico propón unha nova e revolucionaria cultura figurativa monumental caracterizada polos intercambios, no cal a dedicación das capelas, as reliquias –Cruces Patriarcais–, os símbolos da peregrinación –a Cuncha de Santiago–, ou os suxeitos iconográficos da épica cabaleiresca se atopan ao longo de todos os camiños, terrestres e marítimos, do Mediterráneo. Desenvólvese deste xeito unha peregrinación “circular” entre Compostela, Roma, Bari, Monte Sant’Angelo e Xerusalén, o que supón unha competencia entre os santuarios, na que estes intentan ofrecerlles aos peregrinos unha cultura figurativa axeitada ás súas vicisitudes.
China’s Investment and Infrastructure Cooperation with Balkan Countries
Authors: Shaheti Ayibota , Shaheti Ayibota
Published: November 2023

The author examines the cooperation of the PRC with countries in the Balkan region in the areas of investment and infrastructure. The study focuses on China’s economic relations with key actors in the Balkan region: Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia. The subject of the study is investment and infrastructure cooperation of China with the countries of the region in the context of the project «One Belt One Road». The author examines in detail the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the economies of various countries, major FDI flows, the development of the financial sector of the PRC, the cooperation of China in the field of FDI and infrastructure with the main actors of the Balkan region. The author pays special attention to the aspect of implementation of the project «OBOR» in the context of cooperation of China with the countries of the Balkan region. This study is based on the theory of political realism. The main conclusions of the study are the definition of the initiative «One Belt One Road» as a key factor of cooperation of the People’s Republic of China with the countries of the Balkan region, the identification of the main directions of investment of the People’s Republic of China in the Balkan Peninsula: The Republic of Turkey, Bulgaria and Romania, analysis of the impact of political differences between the Governments of the States of the region and the People’s Republic of China on the flow of foreign direct investment and infrastructure projects.
O Conselho Geral de Província: espaço de experiência política na Bahia (1828-1834)
Authors: Oliveira Nora de Cassia Gomes de
Published: November 2023

O livro que o leitor tem em mãos é resultado da pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). O estudo analisou a importância do Conselho Geral da Província da Bahia (CGP) como lócus de aprendizado do exercício político da elite baiana, no processo de construção e organização do Estado recém-independente, durante o período de 1828 a 1834.
In Vitro Cultivation of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and Assessment of Genetic Homogeneity Using iPBS Markers
Authors: Petrova Maria , Bonchev Georgi , Dimitrova Lyudmila , Dimitrova Margarita , Vassilevska-Ivanova Roumiana
Published: November 2023

This research was an attempt to develop a protocol for the most optimal in vitro cultivation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). The dried stigmas of the plant are known as spice imparting colour, flavour and aroma to foods and beverages. The appropriate disinfection procedure to introduce corm explants into in vitro culture was established. The optimum corm formation and corm growth (mean number of 3.6 per explant) was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), while MS supplemented with 1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was the best medium for root development. The fingerprinting profiles of the field saffron and the in vitro cultures assessed by iPBS markers were found identical which implies that no genetic alterations have occurred in response to in vitro cultivation.
Behaviour in Chronic Wounds of Vascular Origin
Authors: Hadzhiev Emil , Govedarski Valentin , Zahariev Todor , Nachev Gencho
Published: November 2023

With an ageing population the number of people with chronic limb wounds of vascular origin is growing steadily. These wounds are managed conservatively, surgically and with hybrid approach. They have been treated by different specialists. The aim of the present study was to compare the results between the different methods of treatment – conservative, surgically and with hybrid approach, as well as to offer an approach to these wounds from vascular origin based on our experience in the clinic. For a period of 3 years 220 patients with venous wounds have been accepted in the department of vascular surgery in UHAT “St. Ekaterina”, Sofia. One hundred of them have been treated conservatively, the rest 120 – with complex approach – surgically, pharmaceutically, elastopia or with bandages. The rate of ageing ulcuses of venous origin did not differ significantly in 3 months in the two groups (55% to 66%), on account of recurrences at 12-month follow-up, which were significantly more common in the conservative therapy group (15% to 30%). We have followed-up the frequency of the healed wounds on the 1st, 3rd and 6th month. A significant difference in healing wounds of vascular origin with a complex approach (with open surgery and conservatively) even during the 1st month has been noticed. The complex approach applied as a treatment of chronic wounds with vascular origin is particularly important. The surgical or interventional correction of pathological changes of the vascular system are of great importance for the successful treatment of these ulcuses.
Sirtuin 1 alleviates alcoholic liver disease by inhibiting HMGB1 acetylation and translocation
Authors: Fu Juan , Deng Wei , Ge Jun , Fu Shengqi , Li Panpan , Wu Huazhi , Wang Jiao , Gao Yi , Gao Hui , Wu Tao
Published: November 2023

Background

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders resulting from prolonged alcohol consumption and is influenced by factors such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) plays a pivotal role in ALD due to its involvement in inflammation and immune responses. Another key factor, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is known for its roles in cellular stress responses and metabolic regulation. Despite individual studies on HMGB1 and SIRT1 in ALD, their specific molecular interactions and combined effects on disease advancement remain incompletely understood.

Methods

Alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) models were established using HepG2 cells and male C57BL/6 mice. HMGB1 and SIRT1 expressions were assessed at the mRNA and protein levels usingreverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining. The physical interaction between HMGB1 and SIRT1 was investigated using co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence co-expression analyses. Cellular viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay.

Results

In patients with clinical ALI, HMGB1 mRNA levels were elevated, while SIRT1 expression was reduced, indicating a negative correlation between the two. ALI models were successfully established in cells and mice, as evidenced by increased markers of cellular and liver damage. HMGB1 acetylation and translocation were observed in both ALI cells and mouse models. Treatment with the SIRT1 agonist, SRT1720, reversed the upregulation of HMGB1 acetylation, nuclear translocation, and release in the ethyl alcohol (EtOH) group. Furthermore, SIRT1 significantly attenuated ALI. Importantly, in vivo binding was confirmed between SIRT1 and HMGB1.

Conclusions

SIRT1 alleviates HMGB1 acetylation and translocation, thereby ameliorating ALI.