bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PRECIPITAÇÃO A PARTIR DA TÉCNICA DOS QUANTIS E DA FREQUÊNCIA DE CHUVA DURANTE O PERÍODO DE 2006 A 2022 EM SÃO PEDRO DA SERRA – MUNICÍPIO DE NOVA FRIBURGO (RJ)
Authors: Santos Suellen Araujo Franco dos , Bertolino Ana Valéria Freire Allemão , Corbo Anna Regina
Published: February 2024

A caracterização climatológica é uma ferramenta importante na identificação do comportamento e periodicidade de diversas variáveis que podem influenciar no planejamento local. Este trabalho propõe a caracterização do regime de precipitação mensal e anual pela técnica dos quantis e a categorização, pela frequência, de eventos diários de chuva em São Pedro da Serra - Nova Friburgo. Foram utilizados dados de precipitação registrados na Estação Experimental de São Pedro da Serra, pertencente ao Laboratório de Geociências da UERJ-FFP, no período de 2006 a 2022. Os meses de junho a agosto foram classificados nos quantis “Seco” e ”Muito Seco”, sendo agosto o mês mais seco, enquanto que os meses de novembro a março entraram nos quantis “Chuvoso” e “Muito Chuvoso”. O ano de 2013 apresentou o maior número de eventos na análise de frequência, estando no quantil “Chuvoso” na classificação anual. Eventos de intensidade entre 0 e 10 mm apresentam o maior número de ocorrências em todos os anos, aproximadamente 54% dos eventos. Já os de intensidade superior a 50 mm correspondem a 5% dos registros. Este trabalho enfatiza a importância da Estação Experimental para a caracterização de precipitação local devido à carência de cobertura de dados na área de estudo.
Switching in quantum networks: an optimization investigation
Authors: Karavias Vasileios , Lord Andrew , Payne Michael C.
Published: February 2024

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises information theoretic security. However, the distances over which complete security can be achieved are fundamentally limited in the absence of quantum repeaters. Thus, a key question is how to build a quantum network (QN) given this restriction. One paradigm that has been considered is trusted node (TN) quantum networks where intermediate trusted nodes are used as relays of quantum keys. Another paradigm is to route key channels through intermediate nodes optically, either through wavelength or fiber switching, thus avoiding the use of TNs. In both of these paradigms, a QKD receiver or transmitter at a specific node can be shared between multiple QKD transmitters or receivers at different nodes in order to reduce the overall costs; this sharing can be enabled via an optical switch. In this paper, we investigate the two paradigms for designing QNs. In the TN model we assume the Decoy BB84 protocol, whereas in the non-TN model, we employ twin-field QKD (TF-QKD) due to the increased single hop distances. We present mixed integer linear program models to optimize network design in both of these paradigms and use these to investigate the viability of switching in the network models as a method of sharing devices. We show that sharing of devices can provide cost reduction in QNs up to a certain transmission requirement rate between users in the TN model, while also providing benefits even at significantly higher transmission requirements in the TF-QKD model. The specific value of this rate is dependent on the network graph; however, for mesh topology TN networks this is expected to occur at average key transmission requirements of ∼1000−5000bits/s. We further use the models to investigate the effects of different network parameters, such as cooling costs, switch frequency, and device costs. We show that cooled detectors are useful in large TF-QKD networks, despite higher costs, but are only useful in TN networks when transmission requirements are very high or cooling is cheap. We also investigate how network costs vary with switching frequency and switch loss, showing that compromising for slightly faster switching times and higher loss switches does not significantly increase network costs; thus a significant effort in improving switch loss may not be necessary. Finally, we look at how the benefits of sharing devices change as the cost of devices changes, showing that for any non-negligible device cost, device sharing is always beneficial at low transmission requirements.
Bandwidth extension to 1627 nm of over 20 dB gain in an erbium-doped silica fiber via two-photon absorption
Authors: Liu Hongyu , Wen Jianxiang , Dong Yanhua , Luo Yanhua , Wang Weiqi , Zhang Xiaobei , Pang Fufei , Wang Tingyun
Published: February 2024

In this study, PbS/Er co-doped fibers (PEDFs) were fabricated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) combined with modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD). A pumping scheme based on two-photon absorption at 1310 nm of PEDF is proposed for L + band amplification. Through the theoretical analysis, the local environment of Er3+ is changed due to the co-doping of PbS, which improves the two-photon absorption efficiency near 1300 nm. Compared with the 980 nm pump, the PEDFs excited by the 1310 nm pump show better amplification performance in the L + band. And in a bi-directional pumping system, PEDF achieves over 22 dB of gain in the whole L band. In particular, the bandwidth of over 20 dB gain was extended to 1627 nm with a noise figure as low as 4.9 dB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a high-gain bandwidth of L band amplification has been extended to 1627 nm. The results of unsaturated loss also show that PbS co-doping improves the two-photon absorption efficiency of PEDF to broaden the amplification bandwidth of L + band. These results demonstrate that an effective L + band amplification method is practically provided for future ultra-wideband optical communications.
Broadband ASE source-enabled self-homodyne DA-RoF fronthaul using cascaded SOAs and a multicore fiber
Authors: Lin Jingjing , Zhang Chenbo , Zhu Yixiao , Liu Xu , Hu Weisheng , Chen Zhangyuan , Hu Weiwei , Xie Xiaopeng
Published: February 2024

Broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light sources are recognized for their cost-effective generation. However, their inherent high-intensity noise and the stringent requirement for time delay matching limits their widespread application in coherent optical telecommunication. Here we propose a broadband ASE source-enabled digital–analog radio-over-fiber (DA-RoF) mobile fronthaul architecture, leveraging semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) and multicore fiber in tandem. Our proposed system uses SOAs to suppress the intensity noise of the ASE carrier and transmits the DA-RoF signal alongside an unmodulated carrier through distinct cores of an 8-core, 1-km fiber. This setup significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by 19.4 dB, boosts capacity, and enables self-homodyne detection at the receiver end. We achieve an aggregated bandwidth of 35 GHz (7 cores × 5 GHz), supporting a 2.05-Tb/s CPRI-equivalent data rate with 1024-ary quadrature-amplitude-modulated (1024-QAM) signals. Additionally, we analyze the impact of chromatic dispersion on signal-to-noise ratio for broadband source coherent detection systems. This innovative scheme offers a pragmatic solution for integrating low-cost broadband sources into cost-sensitive fronthaul systems, providing both high capacity and fidelity in massive deployment scenarios.
Harnessing the open access version of ChatGPT for enhanced clinical opinions
Authors: Tenner Zachary M. , Cottone Michael C. , Chavez Martin R.
Published: February 2024

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) into clinical medicine is becoming increasingly feasible. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the freely available ChatGPT-3.5 to generate complex differential diagnoses, comparing its output to case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM). Forty case records were presented to ChatGPT-3.5, prompting it to provide a differential diagnosis and then narrow it down to the most likely diagnosis. The results indicated that the final diagnosis was included in ChatGPT-3.5’s original differential list in 42.5% of the cases. After narrowing, ChatGPT correctly determined the final diagnosis in 27.5% of the cases, demonstrating a decrease in accuracy compared to previous studies using common chief complaints. These findings emphasize the necessity for further investigation into the capabilities and limitations of LLMs in clinical scenarios while highlighting the potential role of GAI as an augmented clinical opinion. Anticipating the growth and enhancement of GAI tools like ChatGPT, physicians and other healthcare workers will likely find increasing support in generating differential diagnoses. However, continued exploration and regulation are essential to ensure the safe and effective integration of GAI into healthcare practice. Future studies may seek to compare newer versions of ChatGPT or investigate patient outcomes with physicians integrating this GAI technology. Understanding and expanding GAI’s capabilities, particularly in differential diagnosis, may foster innovation and provide additional resources, especially in underserved areas in the medical field.
Assessing the excess costs of the in-hospital adverse events covered by the AHRQ’s Patient Safety Indicators in Switzerland
Authors: Giese Alice , Khanam Rasheda , Nghiem Son , Staines Anthony , Rosemann Thomas , Boes Stefan , Havranek Michael M.
Published: February 2024

There currently exists no comprehensive and up-to date overview on the financial impact of the different adverse events covered by the Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. We conducted a retrospective case-control study using propensity score matching on a national administrative data set of 1 million inpatients in Switzerland to compare excess costs associated with 16 different adverse events both individually and on a nationally aggregated level. After matching 8,986 cases with adverse events across the investigated PSIs to 26,931 controls, we used regression analyses to determine the excess costs associated with the adverse events and to control for other cost-related influences. The average excess costs associated with the PSI-related adverse events ranged from CHF 1,211 (PSI 18, obstetric trauma with instrument) to CHF 137,967 (PSI 10, postoperative acute kidney injuries) with an average of CHF 27,409 across all PSIs. In addition, adverse events were associated with 7.8-day longer stays, 2.5 times more early readmissions (within 18 days), and 4.1 times higher mortality rates on average. At a national level, the PSIs were associated with CHF 347 million higher inpatient costs in 2019, which corresponds to about 2.2% of the annual inpatient costs in Switzerland. By comparing the excess costs of different PSIs on a nationally aggregated level, we offer a financial perspective on the implications of in-hospital adverse events and provide recommendations for policymakers regarding specific investments in patient safety to reduce costs and suffering.
Diminished measles immunity after paediatric liver transplantation—A retrospective, single-centre, cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Laue Tobias , Junge Norman , Leiskau Christoph , Mutschler Frauke , Ohlendorf Johanna , Baumann Ulrich
Published: February 2024

Liver transplantation in childhood has an excellent long-term outcome, but is associated with a long-term risk of infection. Measles is a vaccine-preventable infection, with case series describing severe courses with graft rejection, mechanical ventilation and even death in liver transplant recipients. Since about 30% of liver transplanted children receive liver transplants in their first year of life, not all have reached the recommended age for live vaccinations. On the contrary, live vaccines are contraindicated after transplantation. In addition, vaccination response is poorer in individuals with liver disease compared to healthy children. This retrospective, single-centre, cross-sectional study examines measles immunity in paediatric liver transplant recipients before and after transplantation. Vaccination records of 239 patients, followed up at Hannover Medical School between January 2021 and December 2022 were analysed. Twenty eight children were excluded due to stem cell transplantation, regular immunoglobulin substitution or measles vaccination after transplantation. More than 55% of all 211 children analysed and 75% of all those vaccinated at least once are measles seropositive after transplantation—48% after one and 84% after two vaccinations—which is less than in healthy individuals. Interestingly, 26% of unvaccinated children also showed measles antibodies and about 5–15% of vaccinated patients who were seronegative at the time of transplantation were seropositive afterwards, both possibly through infection. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, the number of vaccinations (HR 4.30 [95% CI 2.09–8.83], p<0.001), seropositivity before transplantation (HR 2.38 [95% CI 1.07–5.30], p = 0.034) and higher age at time of first vaccination (HR 11.5 [95% CI 6.92–19.1], p<0.001) are independently associated with measles immunity after transplantation. In contrast, older age at testing is inversely associated (HR 0.09 [95% CI 0.06–0.15], p<0.001), indicating a loss of immunity. Vaccination in the first year of life does not pose a risk of non-immunity. The underlying liver disease influences the level of measles titres of twice-vaccinated patients; those with acute liver failure being the lowest compared to children with metabolic disease. In summary, vaccine response is poorer in children with liver disease. Liver transplant candidates should be vaccinated before transplantation even if this is earlier in the first year of life. Checking measles IgG and re-vaccinating seronegative patients may help to achieve immunity after transplantation.
COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality in people experiencing homelessness in the Netherlands
Authors: Mennis Eline , Hobus Michelle , van den Muijsenbergh Maria , van Loenen Tessa
Published: February 2024

Introduction

People who are homeless might be more at risk for getting infected by the SARS-COV-2 virus or for experiencing severe course of the infection due to their often more fragile health, unmet health needs, and poorer living conditions. This study aims to gain insight into the morbidity and mortality of the SARS-COV-2 virus among the homeless population in the Netherlands.

Methods

In this observational retrospective study, anonymized data about patients experiencing homelessness who contacted a street doctor were gathered in nine cities in the Netherlands from March 2020 until March 2021. Data included patient characteristics, COVID-19 -related symptoms, diagnosis, and disease course of a SARS-COV-2 infection.

Results

Of the total 1419 patients in whom 1544 COVID-19 related consults were registered, 16% tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection, and an additional 12% were clinically suspected of having a SARS-COV-2 infection but were seen before there were any COVID-19 tests available in General Practice or for some other reason not tested. Significantly more (p = <0.001) patients born outside the European Union tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection (36%) compared to the remainder of the population (20%). The most discerning symptom for being tested positive was loss of taste and smell (29% vs 6% in the negative tested group and 2% in the suspected group), fever (24% vs 13% in the negative tested group but 18% in the suspected group), and headache (26% vs 17% resp 14%), and fatigue (29% vs 20 resp 17%). Cough, dyspnea and common cold were more often seen in the clinically suspected but not tested group). Of the group that tested positive for a SARS-COV-2 infection, 10% were hospitalized. Two patients were admitted to intensive care and one patient died. Of patients who were clinically suspected of a SARS-COV-2 infection, 5% were hospitalized.

Conclusion

COVID-19 was not widespread among people experiencing homelessness in the Netherlands, but the number of hospitalizations in this study was relatively high. Monitoring this population during a pandemic is necessary to take prompt action when needed.
Testing the cultural-invariance hypothesis: A global analysis of the relationship between scientific knowledge and attitudes to science
Authors: Sturgis Patrick , Brunton-Smith Ian , Allum Nick , Fuglsang Simon
Published: February 2024

A substantial body of research has demonstrated that science knowledge is correlated with attitudes towards science, with most studies finding a positive relationship between the two constructs; people who are more knowledgeable about science tend to be more positive about it. However, this evidence base has been almost exclusively confined to high and middle-income democracies, with poorer and less developed nations excluded from consideration. In this study, we conduct the first global investigation of the science knowledge-attitude relationship, using the 2018 Wellcome Global Monitor survey. Our results show a positive knowledge-attitude correlation in all but one of the 144 countries investigated. This robust cross-national relationship is consistent across both science literacy and self-assessed measures of science knowledge.
High-risk HPV prevalence and vaccination coverage among Indigenous women in the Colombian Amazon: Implications for cervical cancer prevention. Cross-sectional study
Authors: Sarmiento-Medina María Inés , de Amaya Miryam Puerto , Villamizar-Gómez Licet , González-Coba Andrea Carolina , Guzmán-Barajas Laura
Published: February 2024

Cervical cancer, primarily caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) transmission through sexual contact, necessitates comprehensive strategies to combat its impact on women’s health. Yet, certain underserved populations, such as low socioeconomic and ethnic minority groups, encounter barriers in accessing timely interventions and early diagnosis. This cross-sectional study was conducted with the aim of assessing HPV prevalence, genotype distribution, and co-infections among 280 adult women residing in a Colombian Indigenous Reserve within the Amazon region. The research adhered to a community-centric approach that respected cultural norms, native languages, and Indigenous authorities’ permission. The study revealed an overall HPV infection prevalence of 31.1% (n = 87, 95% CI 25.7–36.8), with 22.5% (n = 63, 95% CI 17.7–27.8) of women infected by at least one high-risk HPV genotype and 15.0% (n = 42, 95% CI 11–19.7) infected by at least one LR genotype. These results align with the findings of other Colombian studies. Notable high-frequency genotypes included 16, 52, 66, 56, and 68, with the most common combinations being [66–52] and [66–58]. The study also assessed the prevalence of HPV vaccination, revealing a rate of 22.9%, lower than the national average. In vaccinated women, the prevalence of genotypes 16 and 18 was significantly reduced, as anticipated. Importantly, it was observed that 57.1% of all high-risk HPV infections could have been prevented with the use of the nonavalent vaccine. These findings underscore the critical need to enhance adherence to early cervical cancer detection and monitor positive cases to evaluate high-risk HPV persistence. Efforts should be directed toward continuing vaccination coverage against high-risk HPV 16 and 18 with the quadrivalent vaccine, while also striving to make the nonavalent vaccine accessible for inclusion in large-scale public health programs. Additionally, the study did not identify a specific pattern of co-infection. The study emphasizes the significance of adopting a locally tailored epidemiological approach to guide and promote cervical cancer prevention efforts in Indigenous communities.
The PERMA model, well-being and Whoop-Up: A musical variety show for adult members of a school community
Authors: Panebianco Clorinda , Fouche Melani
Published: February 2024

The positive impact of group music-making on subjective well-being has been shown in various contexts, yet very few studies have focused on community musicals. The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to explore the well-being of adults who participated inWhoop-Up, a musical variety show consisting of singing, dancing and acting, for parents, staff members, alums, alums’ parents and friends of a primary school. Data were explored through the lens of the PERMA framework. Twenty-one adults aged between 21 and 75 involved inWhoop-Upin 2018 volunteered to participate in the study. The findings indicate that participants experienced positive benefits in all the sub-domains of subjective well-being according to the PERMA framework. Meaning was the most salient dimension, followed by Engagement, Relationship, Positive Emotions and Accomplishment. The findings suggest that participation inWhoop-Upmay impart a deep sense of meaning for participants, embedded in positive emotions, which could foster strong interpersonal relationships between parents, teachers, alums and the school environment as a whole.
Exploring the meaning of musicking for older adults in a care home
Authors: Wilkinson Tarina , van der Merwe Liesl , Joubert Debra
Published: February 2024

Accessible music-related programmes are essential to the well-being of older adults. Although the role of music in the lives of older adults has been studied extensively in various settings, the purpose of this qualitative intrinsic case study was to explore the meaning older adults ascribed to musicking at a care home. The participants were older adults from one residential care home who chose to attend the weekly musicking sessions on Monday afternoons. Data were collected through interviews and reflective field notes. Five women were interviewed; two preferred individual interviews, and three wanted to be together during their interviews. The community music facilitators recorded weekly reflective field notes directly after each musicking session. The transcribed interviews and reflective field notes were included in one heuristic unit in ATLAS.ti and thematically analysed. The findings revealed that older adults’ engagement in the musicking sessions was sometimes challenging. However, engagement positively affected memory and facilitated connection and positive emotions associated with aesthetic and spiritual experiences. Autonomy and resilience led to well-being. This study could encourage community members, nurses and carers to provide accessible opportunities for musicking at care homes for older adults.
DESVENDANDO ATIVIDADES POLÍTICAS DAS MULTINACIONAIS OPERANDO NO BRASIL
Authors: Caldeira Filho Carlos Afonso , Kallás David , Bandeira de Mello Rodrigo
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as atividades de procurement lobbying das subsidiárias de empresas multinacionais (MNE’s) operando no Brasil.
Design / metodologia / abordagem: Estudo de 16 casos que descrevem processos, pessoas e organização das áreas de relações governamentais de multinacionais operando no Brasil com importante participação de vendas para o governo.
Resultados: Propomos que procurement lobbying (atividades de suporte a obtenção de negócios com o governo) se compõem de atividades essencialmente diferentes das de policy lobbying (atividades com foco em influenciar políticas públicas).
Limitações / implicações da pesquisa: dado o método do estudo de casos, a validade externa deverá ser comprovada, por meio de estudos posteriores que possam fortalecer as hipóteses aqui levantadas.
Implicações práticas: As possibilidades de diferentes arranjos organizacionais para as atividades de procurement lobbying exploram a tomada de decisão gerencial para decisão entre alavancar sinergias de relacionamento com governos e possibilidade de aumentar os riscos da atividade de CPA (Corporate Political Actions).
Implicações teóricas: As contribuições deste artigo ampliam o escopo das atividades de CPA. O artigo descreve as micro foundations da atividade de procurement lobbying e evidencia a existência de diferentes arranjos organizacionais para as atividades de procurement lobbying.
Originalidade / valor: Embora vários artigos apontem para a influência da concentração de vendas para o governo como fator de engajamento em CPA ou mesmo estabelecem relação entre CPA e contratos governamentais, existe limitada evidência dos mecanismos e processos de CPA voltados a influenciar a concessão de contratos governamentais (procurement lobbying).
Crise da democracia e políticas anti-imigração no Brasil
Authors: Dornelas Paula Dias , Quirino Victor Bicalho
Published: February 2024

O cenário global das migrações internacionais tem sido marcado por práticas e políticas de recrudescimento de fronteiras físicas e simbólicas. No contexto de pandemia da Covid-19, medidas de impedimento aos deslocamentos populacionais foram registradas, com o objetivo de conter o avanço do vírus. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é discorrer sobre práticas e narrativas adotadas no Brasil, em relação à temática migratória, durante período da pandemia. Mobilizando teorias democráticas, e com base em revisão bibliográfica e análise qualitativa de atos normativos, o artigo busca refletir sobre o enfraquecimento da democracia no país, observando, principalmente, como discursos e práticas nacionalistas, antidemocráticas e contrárias à imigração e a imigrantes se apresentaram durante os dois primeiros anos da pandemia (2020 e 2021). Analisamos qualitativamente como o então governo brasileiro e outros atores políticos mobilizaram o discurso anti-imigração, observando como esses cenários refletem, impactam e/ou se relacionam com as discussões em torno da crise da democracia. Com base nas análises, foi possível observar como o fechamento de fronteiras foi acompanhado, em muitos casos, por uma intensificação nos discursos nacionalistas e nas ações xenofóbicas em diferentes arenas.
Sub-representação política feminina nas assembleias legislativas estaduais
Authors: Santos Jeferson Ramos dos
Published: February 2024

Este artigo irá avaliar a sub-representação feminina nas vinte e sete assembleias legislativas da federação nos ciclos eleitorais de 2002 à 2022 – também agregados os dados para as regiões brasileiras a título de comparação inter-regional. O estudo sistemático das estatísticas eleitorais dados eleitorais ilustra a condição da proporcionalidade de representação nos legislativos estaduais passados mais de 20 anos da vigência da Lei nº 9.504/1997, que implementou cotas partidárias para candidaturas femininas. Os resultados coletados sugerem a manutenção de um quadro de sub-representação no período avaliado, com melhorias marginais observadas nas eleições gerais de 2018 e 2022.
Use of Arduino and flute in teaching waves in a high school class
Authors: Nunes Jade Barbosa , Admiral Tiago Destéffani
Published: February 2024

This work aims to use music as a teaching tool and, alongside it, utilize Arduino as a device to verify the components to be studied. The theoretical framework to be used is based on the Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units, UEPS approach, allowing for the construction of meaningful learning for students through problem-solving situations. A didactic sequence was developed for the study of the theme of sound waves and their components at the high school level. This sequence was applied over a period of four weeks, including an initial presentation of topics related to waves, the construction of an electronic system using Arduino, and the verification of phenomena based on musical notes. The data collection instruments for this research included questionnaires to assess students' prior knowledge, mind maps, and exercise lists. The Arduino programming board, which allows for the digitization of analog and digital electrical signals, was used in conjunction with a microphone module, enabling the integration of electronic physics with wave physics. As a result of this research, there were indications of learning through the interdisciplinary relationship between music and physics, which was made effective through the use of Arduino and the recorder flute.
Biochemical interaction of twenty steroid derivatives with ribosomal protein kinase 4 S6 (RSK-4) surface using a theoretical model
Authors: Figueroa-Valverde Lauro , Diaz-Cedillo Francisco , Nexticapa Marcela Rosas , Alvarez-Ramirez Magdalena , López-Ramos Maria , Melgarejo-Guttierrez Montserrat , Cervantes-Ortega Catalina , Mateu-Armad Maria Virginia , Mijangos-Sanchez Juliette
Published: February 2024

Several genetic expressions have been involved in the development of cancer such as the expression of a ribosomal kinase S6 P90 (RSK-4). It is important to mention that some compounds such as LJH685, 2073047-06-8, and SL0101 can act as RSK-4 inhibitors; however, its interaction with the surface of RSK-4 is very confusing. The aim of this research was to evaluate the interaction of twenty-nine steroid derivatives (1 to 29) with of RSK-4 surface using 6rv2 protein, LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101 as theoretical tools in the Dockingserver program. The results showed differences in the aminoacid residues involved in the interaction of steroid derivatives with 6rv2 protein surface compared with LJH685, 2073047-06-8 and SL0101. Besides, the inhibition constant for steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 was lower compared to 2073047-06-8 drug. In conclusion, the steroid derivatives 1, 12, 14, 19 and 22 could be a good alternative as RSK-4 inhibitors to decrease cancer cells growth.
Formulation development and characterization of quercetin loaded poly caprolactone nanoparticles for tumors
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Ali Murad , Bushra  , Naz Saira , Amir Jalal , Murad Shafaq , Atif Muhammad , Khattak Osama Ali , Ullah Saif , Aleena Seeqal , Khan Naqash , Khan Muhammad Younis
Published: February 2024

Cancer is a formidable health obstacle, characterized by its bleak outlook. Considerable scientific investigation has shed light on the capacity to modify the dispersion of anticancer medications at various levels within tissues and cells by enclosing them within submicronic colloidal systems, often known as nanoparticles. This approach is based on the goal of enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness of these medications while minimizing adverse effects on the entire body. Moreover, the theragnostic characteristics of these nanoparticles are widely acknowledged, hence enhancing their therapeutic potential. The current study is centered on exploring the potential anti-tumor effects of quercetin by utilizing its antioxidant capabilities. The quercetin nanoparticles are synthesized with great precision utilizing the nanoprecipitation approach, in which poly(caprolactone) is utilized as the polymer matrix. Following synthesis, the nanoparticles are extracted for further analysis. Further attempts are undertaken to enhance the drug loading process, and the resultant nanoparticles undergo a thorough analysis, including the examination of their morphology using scanning electron microscopy, and the evaluation of drug-polymer interactions using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The remarkable efficacy of quercetin's envelopment can be attributed to its lipophilic nature, reaching a maximum of 81%. The utilization of scanning electron microscopy allows for the observation of nanoparticles with varying forms. Conversely, the absence of noticeable interactions in Fourier-transform infrared analysis indicates the stability of poly(caprolactone) nanoparticles loaded with quercetin.
Twice-Daily Proton Pump Inhibitor Induces Higher Remission Rate in Eosinophilic Esophagitis Than Once-Daily Regimen Regardless of Total Daily Dose
Authors: Muftah Mayssan , Goldin Alison H. , Barshop Kenneth , Hsu Blatman Karen , Hamilton Matthew J. , Lo Wai-Kit , Hornick Jason L. , Chan Walter W.
Published: February 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The optimal proton pump inhibitor (PPI) regimen for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is unclear. We compared histologic response rates of different dosing combinations.

METHODS:

A total of 305 patients with newly diagnosed EoE received standard (omeprazole 20 mg daily), once-daily moderate (40 mg daily), twice-daily moderate (20 mg twice daily), or high (40 mg twice daily) dose PPI for ≥8 weeks.

RESULTS:

Approximately 42.3% achieved histologic response to PPI, with higher rates for twice-daily (moderate 52.8%/high 54.3%) than once-daily (standard 11.8%/moderate 10%) dosing (P < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, twice-daily moderate (adjusted odds ratio 6.75, confidence interval 2.53–18.0, P = 0.0008) and high (adjusted odds ratio 12.8, confidence interval 4.69–34.8, P < 0.0001) doses independently predicted histologic response.

DISCUSSION:

Twice-daily PPI is associated with higher EoE histologic response rates than once-daily regimen.
Parenting Experiences and Support Needs of Single Fathers with Children with Developmental Disabilities
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Jung Hyo-Jung , Lee Misuk
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the parenting experiences and meaning of
single-parent fathers with children with developmental disabilities, and to understand what support
single-parent fathers need to raise children with disabilities.
Methods: This study collected and analyzed data through individual interviews with three single-parent
fathers raising children with developmental disabilities in the K area, and the experience of fathers
raising children with developmental disabilities through coding processes was themed.
Results: Participants in the study experienced trial due to divorce and disability children, double
distress in life due to work and raising children with disabilities, and change in small hope, and
accordingly, requests for support from single-parent families with children with disabilities
Conclusion: The significance of the study is to examine the support and role that should be provided
in the field of special education so that single-parent fathers can minimize the difficulties they face
in raising children with disabilities and experience positive results in their children's upbringing and
education.
Was ist Musikvermittlung?
Authors: Petri-Preis Axel , Voit Johannes
Published: February 2024

In diesem Beitrag widmen sich Axel Petri-Preis und Johannes Voit der Frage, was eigentlich unter Musikvermittlung zu verstehen ist. Sie definieren Musikvermittlung als breit gefächerte künstelrsich-pädagogische Praxis, die vielfältige Beziehungen zwischen Menschen und Musiken stiftet und besprechen in der Folge Formate, Orte und Akteur_innen. Nach einem kleinen historischen Exkurs gehen sie auf Musikvermittlung als Berufsfeld ein, diskutieren bestehende Begriffsdefinitionen und beschließen den Beitrag mit einem Blick auf Musikvermittlung als Forschungsfeld.
Musikvermittlung zwischen Kunstwerk-, Dialoggruppenund Lebensweltorientierung
Authors: Schippling Joshua , Voit Johannes
Published: February 2024

In ihrem Beitrag bereiten Joshua Schippling und Johannes Voit zunächst den Diskurs der Subjekt- und Objektorientierung in der Musikpädagogik auf und legen anschließend dar, welche Relevanz der Debatte im Kontext der Musikvermittlung zukommt. Dabei wird deutlich, dass der scheinbare Gegensatz zwischen Subjekt- und Objektorientierung sich in Musikvermittlungskontexten mitunter auf produktive Weise auflösen lässt. Abschließend wird auch das Konzept der Lebensweltorientierung in der Musikpädagogik einer kritischen Reflexion unterzogen und für die Musikvermittlung fruchtbar gemacht.
Musikvermittlung zwischen analog und digital
Authors: Unterberg Lisa
Published: February 2024

Lisa Unterberg stellt in diesem Beitrag die Frage nach der Rolle von Musikvermittlung in einer durch Digitalität geprägten Kultur. Sie verfolgt dabei die Idee, dass es sich bei der Digitalisierung um einen kulturhistorischen Transformationsprozess handelt. Die Autorin entwickelt eine Heuristik, in der musikvermittelnde Praxis im Verhältnis zur digitalen Kultur gedacht werden kann.
Musiktherapie
Authors: Bezold Laura , Bork Magdalena , Stegemann Thomas
Published: February 2024

Magdalena Bork, Laura Bezold und Thomas Stegemann widmen sich in diesem Beitrag der Schnittstelle von Musiktherapie und Musikvermittlung. Nach einer kurzen Einführung in die Musiktherapie wird aufgezeigt, welche Überschneidungen und Unterschiede es zwischen den beiden Disziplinen gibt. Als Praxisbeispiel wird das internationale Multicenter-Forschungsprojekt ProMiMiC - Professional Excellence in Meaningful Music in Healthcare dargestellt, welches die Anwendung von Live-Musik am Krankenbett untersucht. Im Teilprojekt in Wien wurde das Projekt im Rahmen einer interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit von Musiker_innen und Musiktherapeut_innen auf einer Station für Radioonkologie durchgeführt und vereint in sich musiktherapeutische und musikvermittelnde Elemente.
Konzertbegleitende Formate
Authors: Voit Johannes
Published: February 2024

Johannes Voit gibt in seinem Beitrag einen historisch-systematischen Einblick in konzertbegleitende Formate der Musikvermittlung. Dabei arbeitet er mit der Ermöglichung unterschiedlicher Erfahrungsdimensionen im Umgang mit Musik auf der einen Seite und der Vorbereitung auf die sozial-kulturelle Praxis des Konzerts auf der anderen zwei zentrale Zieldimensionen solcher Formate heraus.
Hegemony, Education and Flight
Authors: Mayo Peter
Published: February 2024

This paper builds on Gramsci' Thinking on the Southern Question both in his eponymous paper and his notes in the Prison Notebooks. It expands on Gramsci's thinking to shed light on the plight of Migrants settling not on the Italian mainland from the islands and Southern provinces in Gramsci's time but from the Mediterranean's Southern shores and elsewhere more generally. It underlines the issues highlighted by Gramsci for present times.
»Okay, fuck it, I don't want anymore.«
Authors: Gulich Lisa
Published: February 2024

In diesem Artikel widmet sich Lisa Gulich der Frage, wie geflüchtete Lehrerinnen und Lehrer über sich, ihren Beruf und Flucht sprechen. Die Daten wurden mittels narrativer Interviews erhoben und mit Hilfe der Narrationsanalyse ausgewertet. Der Artikel gibt Einblicke in das Verhältnis von Flucht und (Berufs-)Biografie. Die Biografien von geflüchteten Lehrkräften zeigen, dass sie trotz Hochschulabschluss, Berufserfahrung und Sprachkenntnissen nur selten eingestellt werden. Sie sind gezwungen, sich beruflich neu zu orientieren - und das, obwohl es in Sachsen einen hohen Lehrer*innenmangel gibt. Diese fehlende (formale) Anerkennung beeinflusst ihr (berufliches) Selbstverständnis.
Dolmetschen oder Kultur erklären?
Authors: La Gro Fenna
Published: February 2024

Fenna La Gro widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie ehrenamtliche »Kulturdolmetscher« in Schulungen auf ihre Tätigkeit vorbereitet werden und welchen Einfluss das im Sinne einer Politik des Dolmetschens auf mehrsprachige Situationen im Gemeinwesen hat. Auf Grundlage von teilnehmenden Beobachtungen an Schulungen für Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund zeigt sie, wie mit Bezug auf Kultur die Dolmetscher*innen als als notwendigerweise ehrenamtlich arbeitende natürliche Kulturmittler*innen konstruiert werden. Gleichzeitig wird ihre Position hin zu den Institutionen verschoben. Den Kulturdolmetscher*innen kommt die unmögliche Aufgabe zu, Probleme, deren Ursprung in gesellschaftlicher Ungleichheit und Machtverhältnissen liegt, durch Kulturmittlung als Modus der Problembearbeitung lösen zu sollen.
Die Gestaltung schulischer Übergänge für neu zugewanderte Jugendliche
Authors: Warkentin Stephanie
Published: February 2024

Stephanie Warkentin erörtert in diesem Beitrag die Gestaltung schulischer Übergänge für neu zugewanderte Jugendliche unter Bezug auf das Spannungsfeld von Responsibilisierungen und individueller Handlungsfähigkeit. Ausgehend von zwei Fallbeispielen zeigt sie zum einen auf, wie durch spezifische Adressierungspraktiken vonseiten der Schulen Verantwortung für eine gelingende Bildungsteilhabe auf neu zugewanderte Schüler*innen übertragen wird. Zum anderen fokussiert die Autorin die Perspektive der Schüler*innen und rekonstruiert aus einem Interview deren persönliche Strategien im Umgang mit Begrenzungen ihrer Handlungsmöglichkeiten in Bezug auf Übergangsentscheidungen. Dabei eröffnet sich ein widersprüchliches Verhältnis zwischen der schulischen Verantwortungsverschiebung auf die Schüler*innen und den Begrenzungen ihrer Handlungsmöglichkeiten.
Bildung und Vulnerabilität
Authors: Muñoz Cristina Diz , Engel Juliane
Published: February 2024

Cristina Diz Muñoz und Juliane Engel untersuchen in diesem Beitrag Bildungsprozesse im Kontext von Flucht und Migration am Beispiel einer empirischen Studie zu biografischen Erfahrungen ehemaliger Schüler*innen sogenannter »Türkenklassen«. Dabei analysieren sie alltäglich praktizierte Formen der räumlichen Segregation in Schule und Unterricht aus einer vulnerabilitätstheoretischen Sicht. Ihre Studie umfasst narrativ-biografische Interviews sowie videographic walks, bei denen ehemalige Schüler*innen und Forscher*innen Schul- und Unterrichtsräume gemeinsam filmen. Sie untersucht die Art und Weise, wie Artikulationen von biografischem Wissen zugänglich gemacht werden können und diskutiert eine postkolonial inspirierte Methodologie, die die Ambivalenzen einer videobasierten Sichtbarmachung selbstkritisch befragt und das Verlernen bisheriger Anerkennungsformen voraussetzt.
(De-)Thematisierungsweisen von Bildungsausschlüssen an der Grenze zur EU
Authors: Kollender Ellen
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit (De-)Thematisierungsweisen von Bildungsausschlüssen an der EU-Außengrenze. Obwohl die EU im Rahmen des sogenannten EU-Türkei-Deals zahlreiche Bildungsprojekte ins Leben gerufen hat, bleibt vielen Kindern und Jugendlichen der Zugang zu formaler Bildung verwehrt. Grund hierfür sind asylpolitische Regelungen wie rassistisch vermittelte ungleiche Beteiligungsmöglichkeiten zum und im Schulsystem. Zugleich wird Rassismus von der EU als Problem benannt, wie im »EU-Aktionsplan gegen Rassismus«. Diesem Widerspruch widmet sich der Beitrag und fragt nach dem Rassismusverständnis der EU, wenn es darum geht, Bildungsausschlüsse an der Grenze zu adressieren. Bearbeitet wird dies im Rahmen einer dispositivtheoretisch informierten Analyse von politischen Dokumenten sowie Bildungsprogrammen, die im Kontext der EU-Türkei-Erklärung veröffentlicht wurden.
Digitalisierung und Gegenmacht - Erkundungen im politischen Denken und gewerkschaftlichen Handeln
Authors: Blumenthal Falko , Oppelt Martin
Published: February 2024

Falko Blumenthal und Martin Oppelt stellen in diesem Beitrag die Frage, ob und wie unter den Bedingungen der Digitalisierung der erfolgreiche Aufbau von Gegenmacht gegenwärtig noch möglich ist, wo diese (ideen-)geschichtlich stets eng an die körperliche Ko-Präsenz der sich Versammelnden gekoppelt war. Nach einem kurzen Streifzug durch die Ideengeschichte der Arbeiter*innen und Gewerkschaftsbewegung stellen sie die Beiträge des Sammelbandes vor, die sich dieser Frage aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven widmen.
Re-Lektüren - (K)eine Festschrift für Christopher Balme
Authors: Otto Ulf , Roesner David , Szymanski-Düll Berenika
Published: February 2024

In dieser Einleitung erläutern Ulf Otto, Berenika Szymanski-Düll und David Roesner den Anlass und die Konzeption des Bandes, der anläßlich der Emeritierung von Christopher Balme eine Re-Lektüre seiner wichtigsten Schriften unternimmt. So wird zum einen das Werk eines herausragenden Theaterwissenschaftlers gewürdigt, als auch eine Inventur des Faches Theaterwissenschaft vorgenommen, die neueste Entwicklungen der Disziplin aufzeigt und zentrale Fragestellung für die Zukunft avisiert.
AI and Art
Authors: Schubbach Arno
Published: February 2024

Recent advances in the computer generation of pictures using methods and programs from artificial intelligence research, or, more precisely, machine learning, have once again raised the question of whether computers can make art. Based on Michael Noll's early experiments with computer art from the 1960s, I argue by contrast that even the latest tools cannot make do without human work and can only be part of an artistic practice thanks to this work. Rather than asking whether machines can make art, we should therefore develop creative practices in which it is possible to leverage the potential of new techniques for design and art.
Evaluating the Blackbox
Authors: High-Steskal Nicole , Simon Rainer
Published: February 2024

The pilot project LiviaAI examines the use of artificial intelligence to identify connections between objects from three Viennese museums (Wien Museum, Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Belvedere Museum Wien). In the first project phase, collection metadata and their creation were examined in order to derive specifications for an AI model for similarity determination. In the current phase of the project, a model that uses the metadata of a selected collection as input to learn cross-collection visual representations of similarity is being developed. The goal is to evaluate the model in terms of its practical utility for curators and museum visitors and to gain insights into AI decision-making mechanisms.
xCurator
Authors: Thiel Sonja , Posthumus Etienne
Published: February 2024

In this paper, Sonja Thiel and Etienne Posthumus provide insight into the results of the Creative User Empowerment project (2021-23), which led to the development of the xCurator tool. This AI-powered curation uses intelligent search technologies, image embeddings, and entity linking and improves accessibility and engagement with digital museum collections. It uses AI technologies to suggest relevant objects and information based on the individual user's interests, providing them with a personalized and in-depth exploration of the collection. Users can interact with large language models (LLMs) enriched with collection data, enabling them to write about and share objects.
Projektmanagement in DH-Curricula: Bedarf, Inhalt, Verankerung
Authors: Frank Markus
Published: February 2024

Obwohl sich Forschungsprojekte in den Digital Humanities durch komplexe interdisziplinäre Abhängigkeiten auszeichnen, die im Projektalltag schwer zu koordinieren sind, spielt professionelles Projektmanagement bis heute nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Um diesem Problem zu begegnen, sollten sowohl effektive traditionelle als auch agile Methoden der Projektplanung und -steuerung bereits im Rahmen der universitären Ausbildung behandelt werden. Im Curriculum sollten diese mit projektpraktischen Elementen des Studiums koordiniert werden, da die Vermittlung von Herangehensweisen und Instrumenten des Projektmanagements ohne parallele praktische Erprobung nur von begrenztem Nutzen ist.
Mäanderndes Projekt- und Community- Management - was bewirken, mit echten Menschen im Wikiversum
Authors: Flade Juliane , Bemme Jens
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag enthält Reflexionen digitaler editorischer Projektarbeit mit dem Wikiversum: mit Portalen, Werkzeugen und Gemeinschaften wikibasierter Wissensbestände. Ausgangspunkt der Autor*innen sind Beobachtungen digitaler Edition und Arbeit im Wikiversum am Beispiel der Citizen Science-Initiative 'Die Datenlaube': Haltungen, Verhaltensweisen, Zwänge, Wirkungen, Nutzen und Implikationen für Projektmanagement an Schnittstellen bzw. als Scharnier in institutionellen Kontexten einer wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek mit Bürger*innen, die transkribieren, OCR korrigieren und forschen. Die Autor*innen vertreten die These, dass Projektmanagement und Community-Building im Wikiversum zwei Seiten einer Medaille sind, mit Überschneidungen im Projektalltag. Mit dem Begriff ,Mäanderndes Projektmanagement' charakterisieren sie die Eigenheiten der Selbstorganisation und Projektpraxis. Mäandernd i. S. v. ,open beta' markiert auch der vorliegende Beitrag als veröffentlichte Version potentiell einen Zwischenstand als Diskussions- und Arbeitspapier.
Upstaging Borchert
Authors: Reynolds Daniel P. , Gross Ruth , McGonagill Doris , Wansink Susan
Published: February 2024

This essay offers a critical review Michael Thalheimer's adaptation of Wolfgang Borchert's _Draußen vor der Tür_, which premiered at the Berliner Ensemble on March 25, 2022. The authors consider the avant-garde staging, costumes, and casting in light of the play's references to the war in Ukraine.