bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kebertahanan Undha Usuking Basa pada Kalangan Remaja di Desa Plipiran, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Utami Novi Elistya , Suwena I Wayan , Sama I Nyoman
Published: June 2024

The Javanese language is a means of communication for the Javanese people which contains cultural values ??that can reflect the character of the speakers. Undha Usuking Basa or also known as unggah ungguh base is a level of speech in Javanese that is used to regulate the behavior patterns of the people. Nowadays, the Javanese language upload has decreased, especially among teenagers. From this phenomenon, two main problems can be drawn, namely (1) The attitude of adolescents towards survival is really high in the current era (2) Aspects that cause a decrease in the quality of the use of upload guh in teenage speakers. The theory used is symbolic interaction theory and semiotic theory. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive-qualitative type of research. Data collection techniques using observation techniques, interviews, and literature study. The results of the study reveal that there is a lack of concern for adolescents as the younger generation regarding the importance of preserving upload-ungguh for adolescents as well as the aspects underlying the decline in upload-ungguh namely internal aspects and external aspects.
Persepsi Masyarakat terhadap Mitos Larangan Nanggap Wayang dan Nggantung Gong di Desa Tulungrejo, Kecamatan Pare, Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Setyowati Asri , Laksmiwati Ida Ayu Alit , Aliffiati .
Published: June 2024

The people of Tulungrejo Village believe that they are not allowed to inviting wayang and hanging the gong because this can bring disaster. The purpose of this research is to understand the reason why people still maintain these myts and to find out how people interpret the wxistence of these myths. The theory used is theory of semiotics from Charles Pierce and structural theory from Lévi-Strauss to find out the meaning of the myth of the prohibition of inviting wayang and hanging gongs in the life of the people of Tulungrejo Village. This study used a qualitative research method with an ethnographic research model through observation, interview techniques and literature study. Based on the results of the research that has been done, there are reasons why people still believe in and maintain the myth of the prohibition of inviting wayang and hanging gongs because hese myths useful values and functions for the people of Tulungrejo Village: 1) as acommunity effort to avoid unwanted disaster, 2) as a means of delivering ethics education messages, and 3) as a medium for sreading Islam.
Learning Strategies of Greek Language Vocabulary in Albanian-Greek Bilingual Schools
Authors: Delijorgji Sofia , Zoto Aida
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the strategies employed by students in Albanian-Greek bilingual high schools in Albania for learning Greek vocabulary. The goal is to identify and analyze these strategies to enhance the teaching process in bilingual settings.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in language learning strategy theories, including memory, cognitive, metacognitive, definition, and social strategies. These frameworks provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms students use to acquire vocabulary in a bilingual context.
 
Method: The study follows a mixed-methods approach. In the first phase, 50 students from various backgrounds (Greek minority, bilingual, and monolingual Albanian families) were identified and categorized based on their Greek language proficiency (beginner, intermediate, advanced). Two questionnaires were developed: one to assess language levels and another to identify vocabulary learning strategies.
 
Results and Discussion: Results suggest diverse strategy usage among students, influenced by their language proficiency and family background. These findings are contextualized within the theoretical framework, highlighting key implications for vocabulary acquisition. The discussion also addresses potential discrepancies and study limitations.
 
Research Implications: This research offers practical and theoretical insights into effective vocabulary teaching methods in bilingual schools. It suggests tailored strategies to improve language instruction, benefiting educators and policymakers in multilingual educational settings.
 
Originality/Value: The study contributes to the literature on bilingual education by providing a detailed analysis of vocabulary learning strategies in Albanian-Greek schools. Its originality lies in its focus on a unique bilingual context, offering valuable recommendations for enhancing Greek language teaching.
Drones and Sustainability: How Technology Can Assist in the Automatic Detection of Waste In Hard-to-Access Areas
Authors: Musci Marcelo , Carvalho Carlos Vitor de Alencar , Serrão Gabriel de Mello Pereira , Neres Barreto Ferreira Marcos Vinícius Elias , Pinto Guerra Maycow Duarte , Cardoso Alexander Machado
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This work aims to present Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), known as drones, as an alternative for environmental monitoring, considering the difficulty of identifying events of illegal dumping in remote areas, whether due to government omission or the difficulty of accessing these locations. These devices provide several benefits, including portability and the capacity to take pictures in real-time from remote and difficult-to-reach places at a cheaper cost without endangering the operator's safety. 
 
Design/methodology/approach: The quantity of data gathered by drones needs an enormous amount of effort to analyze and interpret properly due to Rio de Janeiro's difficult topography and large geographic area. To overcome this challenge, artificial intelligence should be used to automatically evaluate and georeference the photos and videos gathered during the investigation. The present work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of this technique in the early and effective identification of remote areas with illegal solid waste dumping by combining a variety of methods, including the use of a global positioning system (GPS), high-precision cameras and sensors on an electronic device for remote sensing (drone), and image processing and interpretation using computational resources. 
 
Findings: Following extensive remote sensing in the selected areas, with the assistance of a UAV, the obtained photos were batch-processed utilizing Deep Learning algorithms and digital image processing techniques. After a significant amount of training, these algorithms were able to automatically identify and classify photos that showed signs of solid waste disposal from those that did not, showing that this rapid-automated segregation produced a 92% efficacy.
 
Discussion: Rio de Janeiro produces a lot of trash, much of it is improperly disposed of and indiscriminately deposited in urban and surrounding regions, on hills, and in difficult-to-reach locations. This issue is particularly worse in areas where the government is absent and ineffective, causing citizens to dispose of their garbage in dangerous and hard-to-reach locations. This study offers a Deep Learning-based method for automatically identifying underprivileged communities that require government intervention to reduce irregular garbage disposal and all of the associated environmental consequences.
Analisis Pengaruh Modifikasi Pressure Reducing Valve Terhadap Range Pressure Drop Aliran Uap
Authors: Anwar Kelly , Gunawan Harjadi , Tobing Sheila
Published: June 2024

Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) merupakan salah satu jenis valve yang digunakan untuk menurunkan tekanan upstream menjadi tekanan downstream pada aliran fluida. Ketika beroperasi, PRV akan berada dalam keadaan setimbang akibat adanya gaya-gaya yang bekerja, yaitu gaya resultan fluida, gaya membran, dan gaya spring. Pada kondisi kerja tertentu, PRV tidak dapat beroperasi karena kesetimbangan gaya tidak dapat dicapai oleh spring yang berdefleksi melebihi batas maksimum yang diizinkan dan tidak dapat menghasilkan gaya untuk mengimbangi gaya-gaya lainnya. Karena itu, dilakukan modifikasi pada diameter kawat spring dari 17 mm menjadi 20 mm tanpa mengubah geometri dan dimensi komponen lain pada PRV. Spring yang telah dimodifikasi dianalisis secara analitis dan simulasi menggunakan software Ansys. Pada kondisi kerja yang sama, semakin besarnya diameter kawat spring, defleksi yang sebelumnya senilai 99,28 mm berubah semakin kecil menjadi senilai 42,64 mm dan tidak melebihi batas maksimum defleksi senilai 74,375 mm sehingga PRV dapat beroperasi pada kondisi tersebut dan range pressure drop yang sebelumnya 7 bar berubah lebih besar menjadi 9 bar
Conhecendo o Transtorno de Oposição Desafiante (TOD) e o Transtorno de Conduta (TC) nas crianças
Authors: Silva Pamela Roberta Fernandes da , Bellemo Ana Isabel Sobral
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Conhecer e entender as características do Transtorno Opositor Desafiador e Transtorno de Conduta no intuito de instruir os profissionais enfermeiros atuantes no ensino, pais, familiares e demais profissionais que estão no dia a dia dessas crianças. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, feita na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), não priorizando nenhuma base em específico, com os descritores: Transtorno de conduta, transtorno opositor desafiador, transtorno disruptivo, dentro de 10 anos (2014-2023). Resultados: Foram selecionados 9 artigos. Os transtornos disruptivos como TOD e TC, podem ser causados por uma combinação de fatores genéticos e ambientais, impactando significativamente a vida da criança e da família. Ambos coexistem e são comórbidos a outros transtornos como TDAH, Depressão e Autismo. São crianças hostis, desafiadoras, vingativas e agressivas, e se não tratados evoluem para a vida adulta. Considerações finais: Os artigos deixam claro a importância do cuidado na formação e estruturação da personalidade da criança visando o bem-estar físico e psicológico e do diagnóstico precoce para tratamento evitando desenvolvimento do Transtorno de Personalidade Antissocial na vida adulta, uso de drogas, e conflitos com a lei.
Eosinophilic granuloma of the cervical spine in a young adult: A rare case report
Authors: Prasad G. Lakshmi , Krishna Gopal , Kale Ameya , Rajeshwari Madhu , Kale Shashank Sharad
Published: June 2024

Background:

Spinal eosinophilic granulomas (EG) are rare tumors, mostly reported in the pediatric age group. They constitute <1% of primary bone neoplasms, and cervical spine involvement is uncommon.

Case Description:

A 20-year-old male presented with neck pain for a 4-month duration. Six years previously, he had received six cycles of vinblastine for biopsy-proven histiocytosis of an axillary lymph node; this resulted in incomplete remission. Present magnetic resonance/computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a lytic C2 body lesion with atlantoaxial instability. When the CT-guided biopsy was suggestive of EG, he was managed with definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Conclusion:

Cervical spine EG is rare in adults. CT-guided biopsy should confirm the diagnosis and should be followed by definitive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy.
metallicious: Automated force-field parametrization of covalently bound metals for supramolecular structures
Authors: Piskorz Tomasz K. , Lee Bernadette , Zhan Shaoqi , Duarte Fernanda
Published: June 2024

Metal ions play a central functional and structural role in many molecular structures, from small catalysts to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and proteins. Computational studies of these systems typically employ classical or quantum mechanical approaches or a combination of both. Among classical models, only the covalent metal model reproduces both geometries and charge transfer effects but requires time-consuming parametrization, especially for supramolecular systems containing repetitive units. To streamline this process, we introduce metallicious, a Python tool designed for efficient force-field parametrization of supramolecular structures. metallicious has been tested on diverse systems, including supramolecular cages, knots, and MOFs. Our benchmarks demonstrate that parameters obtained from metallicious accurately reproduce the reference properties obtained from quantum calculations and crystal structures. MD simulations of the generated structures consistently yield stable simulations in explicit solvent, in contrast to similar simulations performed with non-bonded and cationic dummy models. Overall, metallicious facilitates the setup of molecular dynamics (MD) of supramolecular systems simulations, providing insights into their dynamic properties and host-guest interactions. The tool is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/duartegroup/metallicious)
Inversion of Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Phenylethynyl-substituted Binaphthol Derivatives
Authors: Imayoshi Ayumi , Fujio Shinya , Nagaya Yuuki , Sakai Misato , Terazawa Atsushi , Sakura Misa , Okada Keita , Kimoto Takahiro , Mori Tadashi , Imai Yoshitane , Hada Masahiko , Tsubaki Kazunori
Published: June 2024

An inversion in the sign of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) was achieved by strategically varying the substitution positions of phenylethynyl (PE) groups on the binaphthyl backbone while maintaining consistent axial chirality. Theoretical investigations indicated that the substitution position of PE groups on binaphthyl significantly influence the orientation of the transition dipole moments in the excited state, resulting in the sign inversion of CPL in 7-PEn compared with other substrates.
Iodine-Catalyzed Carbonyl-Alkyne Metathesis Reactions
Authors: Arndt Thiemo , Breugst Martin
Published: June 2024

The reaction between aldehydes or ketones and alkynes –the carbonyl-alkyne metathesis– constitutes a very useful strategy for the synthesis of ,-unsaturated carbonyls. We now demonstrate that iodine is a highly efficient catalyst for both the intra- and intermolecular metathesis reaction in very small concentrations (0.1–1 mol%). Our protocol outperforms other catalytic systems, is operationally very simple, cheap, metal-free, and tolerates a large variety of functional groups (e.g., –CN, –CO2Me, –Br, –OH) at very low catalyst loadings. We can furthermore show that iodine-catalyzed carbonyl-alkyne metatheses can be combined with other iodine-catalyzed reactions in one-pot procedures to afford larger and more complex molecular structures. Finally, our mechanistic studies indicate that the iodonium ion is the active catalyst under the reaction conditions.
Oxide’s Acidity Prediction in Smith Scale Using a Simple Linear Model
Authors: Xing Wen , Larring Yngve , Bao Kai
Published: June 2024

A numeric scale of acidity and basicity, developed by D.W. Smith, allows for quantitative comparison between different oxides and has been useful in explaining various oxide behaviors. In this study, we aim to predict oxide acidity on the Smith scale using a machine learning approach. Previous attempts using a linear fit based on electronegativity showed a clear trend but lacked precision due to the simplicity of the model and the multi-valent nature of metal oxides. We propose a multi-parameter model incorporating four features: electronegativity, metal valence (raised to the power of 1/3), ionic radius, and dipole polarizability. A simple linear neural network outperformed a more complex 1D convolutional neural network, demonstrating superior accuracy and interpretability. Our model significantly improved predictive performance as compared to the single-parameter model. These results were validated through predictions testing data and unknow oxides acidity were predicted in this work.
Chemical probes to control a dissociative LuxR-type quorum sensing receptor in Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Stoutland Irene , Aguirre-Figueroa Guadalupe , Blackwell Helen
Published: June 2024

Quorum sensing (QS) allows bacteria to respond to changes in cell density and participate in collective behaviors. Interfering in QS could provide a strategy to block pathogenicity, reduce biofouling, and support biotechnology. Many common Gram-negative bacteria use LuxR-type QS receptors that regulate gene transcription in response to chemical signals, most frequently N-acyl L-homoserine lactones (AHLs). The best-studied LuxR-type receptors operate via an “associative” mechanism — i.e., they dimerize and associate with DNA upon ligand binding. In contrast, members of the less well-studied class of “dissociative” LuxR-type receptors bind DNA in the absence of ligand and dissociate from DNA upon ligand binding. Few chemical tools to modulate dissociative receptors have been identified to date. Such probes could provide new entry into mechanistic studies of LuxR-type QS, as dissociative receptors may be more stable in vitro relative to associative LuxR-type receptors. In this work, we report synthetic modulators of EsaR, a dissociative LuxR-type receptor present in the plant pathogen Pantoea stewartii, based on AHL scaffolds. Compound activity was evaluated using cell-based EsaR reporters and phenotypic assays. We identified specific structural features associated with agonistic activity in EsaR, some of which were comparable to synthetic ligands active in other LuxR-type receptors. In contrast to prior studies of synthetic AHL mimics, no EsaR antagonists were uncovered in our investigations. These results provide chemical strategies to investigate the mechanisms of ligand response in EsaR and suggest that different approaches may be required to develop competitive antagonists for dissociative LuxR-type receptors.
An Engineered Aminotransferase for the Synthesis of a Key Chiral Intermediate of Lenacapavir
Authors: Turner Nicholas , Ford Grayson , Hutton Amy , Zhao Fei , Finnigan William , Harris Georgia , Rowles Ian , Green Anthony
Published: June 2024

We report the development of an engineered aminotransferase for the synthesis of a key chiral intermediate of the anti-HIV drug Lenacapavir. Due to the sterically demanding nature of the ketone substrate, a substrate walking approach was adopted during directed evolution to unlock desired aminotransferase activity starting from a parent template (TA25) with no observable activity for the target reaction. Introduction of 6 mutations into TA25 over 4 rounds of directed evolution led to the development of an engineered aminotransferase that affords the target chiral amine product with 90% conversion and >99% e.e. in favor of the desired S-enantiomer. The enzyme serves as a valuable template for the development of an industrial biocatalyst for the manufacture of Lenacapavir
Expanding Access to Previously Inaccessible 5-Membered N-Heteroarynes
Authors: Belli Roman , Humke Jenna , Pullarat Sanu , Plasek Erin , Kargbo Sallu , Roberts Courtney
Published: June 2024

We previously reported the synthesis of an inaccessible 7-aza-2,3-indolyne through stabilizing interactions with nickel. This was achieved via intramolecular Suzuki coupling (i.e. oxidative addition and transmetallation) with ortho-borylaryl bromide derivatives of 7-azaindole. Herein, we sought to use this same strategy to expand the scope of previously inaccessible five-membered heteroarynes. Five new classes of heteroarynes derived from indole, pyrrolopyrimidine, and the remaining isomers of azaindole were accessed. Transmetallation studies show that aryne formation depends on the electronics of the heteroarene. A borate complex of 4-azaindole was isolated and characterized via NMR spectroscopy and crystallographically. This hetero-cycle could be promoted to undergo transmetallation through the installation of an electron-donating substituent. Each class of heterocycles require a unique synthetic strategy. Thus, to demonstrate the utility of heteroarynes as a general synthon, a one-pot difunctionalization was achieved across these classes of heterocycles using the newly accessible heteroaryne complexes.
Single-housing–induced islet epigenomic changes are related to polymorphisms in diabetic KK mice
Authors: Nammo Takao , Funahashi Nobuaki , Udagawa Haruhide , Kozawa Junji , Nakano Kenta , Shimizu Yukiko , Okamura Tadashi , Kawaguchi Miho , Uebanso Takashi , Nishimura Wataru , Hiramoto Masaki , Shimomura Iichiro , Yasuda Kazuki
Published: June 2024

A lack of social relationships is increasingly recognized as a type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we used male KK mice, an inbred strain with spontaneous diabetes. Given the association between living alone and T2D risk in humans, we divided the non-diabetic mice into singly housed (KK-SH) and group-housed control mice. Around the onset of diabetes in KK-SH mice, we compared H3K27ac ChIP-Seq with RNA-Seq using pancreatic islets derived from each experimental group, revealing a positive correlation between single-housing–induced changes in H3K27ac and gene expression levels. In particular, single-housing–induced H3K27ac decreases revealed a significant association with islet cell functions and GWAS loci for T2D and related diseases, with significant enrichment of binding motifs for transcription factors representative of human diabetes. Although these H3K27ac regions were preferentially localized to a polymorphic genomic background, SNVs and indels did not cause sequence disruption of enriched transcription factor motifs in most of these elements. These results suggest alternative roles of genetic variants in environment-dependent epigenomic changes and provide insights into the complex mode of disease inheritance.
The transcription factor HIF-1α in NKp46+ ILCs limits chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis
Authors: Nelius Eric , Fan Zheng , Sobecki Michal , Krzywinska Ewelina , Nagarajan Shunmugam , Ferapontova Irina , Gotthardt Dagmar , Takeda Norihiko , Sexl Veronika , Stockmann Christian
Published: June 2024

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical for intestinal adaptation to microenvironmental challenges, and the gut mucosa is characterized by low oxygen. Adaptation to low oxygen is mediated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), and the HIF-1α subunit shapes an ILC phenotype upon acute colitis that contributes to intestinal damage. However, the impact of HIF signaling in NKp46+ILCs in the context of repetitive mucosal damage and chronic inflammation, as it typically occurs during inflammatory bowel disease, is unknown. In chronic colitis, mice lacking the HIF-1α isoform in NKp46+ ILCs show a decrease in NKp46+ILC1s but a concomitant rise in neutrophils and Ly6Chighmacrophages. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing suggests enhanced interaction of mesenchymal cells with other cell compartments in the colon of HIF-1α KO mice and a loss of mucus-producing enterocytes and intestinal stem cells. This was, furthermore, associated with increased bone morphogenetic pathway–integrin signaling, expansion of fibroblast subsets, and intestinal fibrosis. In summary, this suggests that HIF-1α–mediated ILC1 activation, although detrimental upon acute colitis, protects against excessive inflammation and fibrosis during chronic intestinal damage.
Calaxin is a key factor for calcium-dependent waveform control in zebrafish sperm
Authors: Morikawa Motohiro , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Kikkawa Masahide
Published: June 2024

Calcium is critical for regulating the waveform of motile cilia and flagella. Calaxin is currently the only known molecule involved in the calcium-dependent regulation in ascidians. We have recently shown that Calaxin stabilizes outer arm dynein (OAD), and the knockout of Calaxin results in primary ciliary dyskinesia phenotypes in vertebrates. However, from the knockout experiments, it was not clear which functions depend on calcium and how Calaxin regulates the waveform. To address this question, here, we generated transgenic zebrafish expressing a mutant E130A-Calaxin deficient in calcium binding. E130A-Calaxin restored the OAD reduction ofcalaxin−/−sperm and the abnormal movement ofcalaxin−/−left–right organizer cilia, showing that Calaxin’s stabilization of OADs is calcium-independent. In contrast, our quantitative analysis of E130A-Calaxin sperms showed that the calcium-induced asymmetric beating was not restored, linking Calaxin’s calcium-binding ability with an asymmetric flagellar beating for the first time. Our data show that Calaxin is a calcium-dependent regulator of the ciliary beating and a calcium-independent OAD stabilizer.
The Evolution of Student Debt 2019–2022: Evidence from the Survey of Consumer Finances
Authors: Moschini Emily , Phelan Thomas M.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, economists and policymakers have been interested in the burden of student debt across socioeconomic groups. In this Economic Commentary, we use the two most recent waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances, collected in 2019 and 2022, to study changes in the joint distribution of student debt and two measures of “ability-to-pay,” income and net worth. We find that between 2019 and 2022, both the fraction of families with student debt and real student debt per family were essentially unchanged, and aggregate student debt fell as a fraction of aggregate income and net worth. However, over the same period, the distribution of student debt shifted toward higher-income and wealthier families, with a rise in the average student debt in the highest quintile of both income and net worth. Further, this shift was not driven by changes in the distribution of debtors, but, instead, in the amount of debt per family.
PRÓLOGO À FILOSOFIA DAS TÉCNICAS DE MILTON SANTOS
Authors: Monteiro Morgado Filipe
Published: June 2024

O trabalho ora apresentado aborda a Filosofia das Técnicas do pensador brasileiro Milton Santos. Temos dois objetivos principais: (1) mostrar a pertinência filosófica do pensamento miltoniano e (2) realizar uma introdução do referido tema. A fim de efetuá-los, dividimos o trabalho em 7 (sete) seções, com as 6 (seis) primeiras preparando a última, que se debruça propriamente sobre a temática supracitada. A primeira seção expõe considerações acerca da proposta de M. Santos de realização de uma “epistemologia setorial” e revolucionária da Geografia; a segunda, a preocupação miltoniana em ser fiel para com a realidade; a terceira, a ideia de que a realidade impõe-se às teorias científicas, sendo a Natureza tratada como paradigma; a quarta, a questão da eternidade ou não das verdades científicas; a quinta, o espaço total, o qual se impõe como uma verdade da atual fase  da globalização; a sexta, o tempo contínuo-descontínuo da epistemologia miltoniana; por fim, a sétima e última seção expõe, singelamente, a Filosofia das Técnicas do geógrafo-filósofo baiano e é nela que desemboca todo o artigo, haja vista relacionarmos a última seção às anteriores.
ESSES MEMBROS PALPITANTES DA PÁTRIA
Authors: Oliveira Chaia Jade , Alves Teixeira Michelly , Thierry Lacour Philippe Claude
Published: June 2024

O livro Contre le colonialisme reúne uma coletânea de artigos escritos entre os anos de 1936 e 1943, em que Simone Weil discute o tema do colonialismo, sobretudo a relação entre a França e as práticas coloniais. Um dos artigos que compõe o rol de textos selecionados é Ces membres palpitants de la patrie, publicado originalmente em 1938, no Vigilance. Neste texto, a autora discorre acerca da repressão feita pela Frente Popular Ã  Étoile Nord-Africaine, membro da referida organização. Os ideias emancipatórios defendidos pela organização se contradizem e as práticas coloniais de discriminação, violência, prevalecem. A tradução da presente obra foi realizada pelas integrantes do Grupo de Tradução do Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade de Brasília, coordenado pelo professor doutor Philippe Lacour. O grupo se propõe traduzir regularmente obras de filosofia francesa ainda inéditas em língua portuguesa. O trabalho de tradução é produzido de maneira colaborativa através da plataforma digital TraduXio (https://traduxio.org/).
MENTIRA, O MENTIROSO E SEUS TIPOS EM SOBRE A MENTIRA
Authors: Guterres Brum Matheus
Published: June 2024

A mentira é um tema recorrente em Filosofia e, atualmente, esse problema nunca esteve tão em voga. Contudo, é um tópico há muito pesquisado por filósofos de diferentes correntes. Um deles foi Santo Agostinho em Sobre a Mentira, obra que discorre acerca de uma definição de mentira, tipos de mentirosos e mentiras, em quais situações mentimos e se há casos em que a mentira é mais ou menos pecaminosa.
MULHERES FILÓSOFAS
Authors: Canella Aline Karen Cristina
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem como proposta discutir sobre quatro filósofas que marcaram, ao longo do tempo, a história da filosofia. Com esse intuito foram selecionadas mulheres de dois períodos históricos distantes – mas que atuaram, diretamente através de seu trabalho ou indiretamente através de sua existência enquanto filósofas, contra estereótipos e discriminações de gênero. As duas primeiras filósofas selecionadas se referem ao período antigo da filosofia ocidental– e são Aspásia de Mileto e Hipátia de Alexandria. Já as outras duas filósofas contribuíram para o período contemporâneo da filosofia ocidental, e são Hannah Arendt e Simone de Beauvoir. O método de investigação será o de pesquisa analítica, fundamentalmente bibliográfica. É possível concluir que, na atualidade, em um contexto global, existem desafios que ainda precisam ser superados pela humanidade no tocante à luta por equidade de direitos entre gêneros.
ENXERGAR O CÉU DA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Pamplona Marina , Campos Cortat Raíssa
Published: June 2024

Desacostumada com a audácia e inventividade da infância, uma concepção hegemônica e ocidental de humanidade criou espaços para domá-la ou afastá-la. Este ensaio se vale da conexão que Walter Benjamin estabeleceu com a infância, bem como percorre os escritos que delineiam a distância que nos separa da arte de contar histórias. Essas imagens nos oferecem desenhos de uma memória inventiva frente à iminência do genocídio e destruição da natureza. Em momentos onde parcelas do fim do mundo se apresentam, experimentar um mundo guiado pela relação inventiva da infância com o visível e o invisível, nos remeteria a possibilidade de elaboração da morte e do passado - convocando nossa atenção à uma espécie de ética espiritual, conosco e com àqueles que perdemos. Esse movimento pode nos oferecer uma forma mais acolhedora de elaborar os caminhos da vida e a chegada da morte, reconhecendo e contando novas e velhas histórias.
VAIDADE REFLETIDA N’O ESPELHO
Authors: Penido Vilela Rodrigues Rafael
Published: June 2024

Através de “O espelho”, um conto de Machado de Assis publicado originalmente em 1882, este artigo explora o tema da vaidade humana como problema filosófico, sob o prisma das teorias da identidade pessoal narrativista e da antropologia das emoções. Para aprofundar nos problemas da vaidade humana refletida por meio daquilo que Machado descreve na literatura, também são abordadas as influências filosóficas de inspiração jansenista e moralista nas entrelinhas do conto. A tarefa de reflexão por meio do espelho tem aqui um significado meta-narrativo. O objetivo é tomar a literatura como uma ponte que ajude a entender a vaidade diante do teatro do mundo, onde a pessoa só se reconhece em meio às interações sociais que constituem sua identidade.
DEUS, NÃO SEM NÓS
Authors: Moreira José Carlos Moreira
Published: June 2024

Como o título deixa transparecer, nossa proposta neste pequeno ensaio é discutir porque precisamos reconfigurar a ideia tradicional que temos sobre Deus. Para isso, revisitaremos alguns textos de Hans Jonas com a esperança de que eles lancem luzes para o caminho que queremos percorrer na presente reflexão. A questão sobre Deus permeia toda obra de Jonas e uma análise integral e detida sobre ela, evidentemente, não cabe neste artigo. Por isso mesmo, selecionamos os seguintes textos do filósofo para iluminar nossa abordagem, são eles: Imortalidade e existência atual, O conceito de Deus após Auschwitz e Matéria, espírito e criação. Em todos esses textos, Jonas se vê às voltas com a imagem de um Deus ameaçado e impotente. Neste caso, buscaremos destacar os pressupostos dessa tese de Jonas, para entender por que depois de Auschwitz, nós é que precisaremos ajudar a Deus e não o contrário. Essa condição de vulnerabilidade na qual Deus se encontra, deve-se ao espírito moderno marcado pela racionalidade instrumental e pela nossa tecnologia, cujo modo de operar, coloca em risco o mundo vivo e nisso, se inclui também o ser humano e até mesmo o destino da divindade é posto em perigo. Se, a imagem de Deus corre perigo, logo, precisamos ajudá-lo, daí o título do nosso ensaio ser: Deus, não sem nós.
PRINCÍPIO MORAL DA ÉTICA DO DISCURSO COMO POSSÍVEL RESPOSTA PARA OS PROBLEMAS DO IMPERATIVO CATEGÓRICO KANTIANO
Authors: De Oliveira da Costa Eduardo
Published: June 2024

Será analisada a possibilidade de que a formulação de Habermas do princípio moral, no contexto de sua ética do discurso, responda a certos problemas presentes no imperativo categórico kantiano, em especial alguns dos problemas apontados por Hegel no §135 de sua Filosofia do Direito. Para isso, investigaremos, i) de maneira sintética, a fundamentação da moralidade ensejada por Kant nos seus textos de filosofia moral e a formulação do imperativo categórico; ii) brevemente, algumas das críticas hegelianas pertinentes direcionadas ao imperativo categórico kantiano; e iii) a maneira como o princípio moral habermasiano presente em sua ética do discurso e a sua estratégia de fundamentação moral oferecem um caminho alternativo e de reformulação ao imperativo categórico, não caindo nos problemas apontados como presentes neste princípio moral kantiano.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ESTÉTICA
Authors: Chartier Émile , Barcelos Melo Sally
Published: June 2024

Em 1923, a Livraria Stock publicou, em uma coleção de pequeno formato Les Contemporains, uma série de Propos sur l'Esthétique escritos durante os anos de 1921-1923 e extratos dos Libres Propos (Journal d'Alain). O monumental Sistema de Belas Artes composto por Alain através dos ensaios da guerra, acabava de ser publicado (1920) nas Edições da Nouvelle Revue Française. Em oposição ao Sistema, e por consequência introduzindo-a, esta pequena coleção de 35 Propos, reunidas quase ao acaso teve a virtude fulgurante de revelar aos leitores mais diversos uma grande e nova Présence. A tradução foi realizada por colegas em colaboração com o Grupo de Tradução do Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade de Brasília. A proposta é a de traduzir regularmente obras de filosofia ainda inéditas em língua portuguesa e disponibilizá-las em periódicos de acesso livre.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ESTÉTICA
Authors: Chartier Émile , De Souza Thalys
Published: June 2024

Em 1923, a Livraria Stock publicou, em uma coleção de pequeno formato Les Contemporains, uma série de Propos sur l'Esthétique escritos durante os anos de 1921-1923 e extratos dos Libres Propos (Journal d'Alain). O monumental Sistema de Belas Artes composto por Alain através dos ensaios da guerra, acabava de ser publicado (1920) nas Edições da Nouvelle Revue Française. Em oposição ao Sistema, e por consequência introduzindo-a, esta pequena coleção de 35 Propos, reunidas quase ao acaso teve a virtude fulgurante de revelar aos leitores mais diversos uma grande e nova Présence. A tradução foi realizada por colegas em colaboração com o Grupo de Tradução do Departamento de Filosofia da Universidade de Brasília. A proposta é a de traduzir regularmente obras de filosofia ainda inéditas em língua portuguesa e disponibilizá-las em periódicos de acesso livre.
Implementation the Strengthening of Character Education through Social Studies Learning and School Culture
Authors: Putra Ahmad Tanfidzi Dharma , Harmanto Harmanto , Kasdi Aminuddin
Published: June 2024

Character development and intellectual enhancement of students were important and prioritized in the national education system in Indonesia. The purpose of this research was to explain and find out the results of implementation the Strengthening of Character Education (SCE) through social studies learning and school culture at Junior High School Sunan Giri Menganti Gresik. This research was qualitative research based on a case study. The research was conducted in September-December 2020 with the subjects were school principals, vice principals in curriculum, social studies teachers, and school members. Data collection techniques was interviews, documentation, field notes, and observations. Data analysis used three methods, there were data reduction, presentation of data results, and conclusions. The results showed that implementation the SCE at Junior High School Sunan Giri Menganti in social studies learning written in the RPP based on the 2013 Curriculum reference and in school culture through classroom management, Islamic culture, mutual cooperation and discipline, home visit, National Day Celebration, and Islamic Day Celebration.
THE USE OF BACTERIOPHAGES IN THE TREATMENT OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTION
Authors: IUNAC Dmitri , GALBEN Lucia , FERDOHLEB Alina , CIOBANU Elena , BALAN Greta
Published: June 2024

Aim of study. The current rate of increase in the number of antimicrobial-resistant infections is poised to become the leading global cause of loss of human life. The limited discovery of new antibiotics necessitates investment in alternative solutions. Bacteriophages, viruses that target bacteria, offer a potent alternative approach to combating bacterial infections. One area of modern microbiology and biotechnology that has garnered significant interest is the study of bacteriophages, owing to their potential practical application in various branches of medicine. Material and methods. This study conducted a comprehensive synthesis of specialized reference sources from international open-access databases, examining the impact of bacteriophage therapy on staphylococcal infections and antimicrobial resistance. Results. The synthesis is based on studies in human clinical trials, including randomized clinical trials, based on data from recent years. Multiple successful cases regarding the use of phages in the treatment of human infections have been reported. The studies conducted provide evidence that the development of phage therapy is a promising alternative for combating bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The effective action of antistaphylococcal phage cocktails against the most common strains has been demonstrated. The mechanisms underlying the phage-antibiotic synergy effect, as well as the advantages of bacteriophages over other forms of treatment, are presented. Conclusions. Therapy methods using bacteriophages in combination with antibacterial drugs can provide a higher therapeutic effect. Keywords: Staphylococcal infections, resistance to antibiotics, bacteriophages, phage therapy.
EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION FORMS OF MANAGEMENT IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY IN BULGARIA
Authors: YANKOV Gergana
Published: June 2024

Objectives. The purpose of this scientific report is to research and present the results and analyses of a representative scientific study regarding effective communication forms of management in the health sector in Bulgaria. The research was conducted by the Gallup International Balkan team, at the request of Doncheva Yankov, PhD. An author survey was used for the purposes of the research. Material and methods. The method of conduct is “face-to-face” with tablets. The research is representative, the sample is 807 adult Bulgarians. The measurement of the results is based on the “Gallup International Balkan” method. The detailed analysis is authored by the creator of the present scientific work. Results. Among retirees and the unemployed, more effective health communication practices would be classic PR (public relations) approaches. Conventional PR methods would be more relevant for ethnic groups of Roma and Turks, while digital communication forms of management would work better for Bulgarians. General practitioners are the most preferred source of health information, followed by relatives, acquaintances, and neighbors, followed by an online search engine, then TV (television), social network groups and others. Brand awareness is found to be more important than the potential impact of a healthcare company’s website and social media. Google ads arouse more trust among younger people, and Google reviews appear to be more important for people with a more favorable life horizon. Conclusions. Considering the obtained results, we can conclude that effective communication in the health sector can be implemented through hybrid approaches in health PR. Keywords: healthcare, public relations, management, communications, PR.
CHANGES IN TEACHING METHODS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ROMANIA
Authors: MARINESCU Valentina , BRANEA Silvia , ROVENȚA-FRUMUȘANI Daniela
Published: June 2024

Objectives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous measures have been taken worldwide, and, in this context, teachers were put in a position to adapt teaching to the virtual space and learn the ways of online teaching on the go. The aim of this study was to answer the question: What were the main online teaching methods currently used by Romanian pre-university teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic? Material and methods. The research methodology used was the focus group. Between September 9 and 11, 2021, four focus groups were held online with 18 teachers from pre-university education in Romania. Results. Most of the teachers had mixed assessments of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers identified several types of problems they faced during this pandemic. In terms of technical difficulties, they talked about the lack of appropriate technology or the existence of problems related to the Internet connection. From the perspective of social difficulties, they mentioned new types of relationships among teacher, child, and parent and the emergence of new social roles for the child and parent in the educational process. Conclusions. This study shows that there were numerous challenges faced by Romanian teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers had to adapt to the new challenges and develop a skill set required in online teaching: learning to creatively use digital tools; more efficient use of already existing online teaching platforms; attending training courses to refine the social and psychological skills needed in online interactions with students. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching methods, digital tools, online teaching platforms, online skills and competencies.
COMPUTER-SUPPORTED COLLABORATIVE LEARNING AS A PREDICTOR OF SELF-EFFICACY AND EPISTEMIC EMOTIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS IN MEXICO
Authors: ARIAS Paula L. , CAMACHO-VEGA Diego-Oswaldo , MARTÍNEZ Yessica , DELGADILLO María G. , PONCE Salvador , TREJO Salvador
Published: June 2024

Objectives. This study investigated the predictive effect of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) on self-efficacy and epistemic emotions in college students. Material and methods. A quantitative randomized experimental design was used with 191 Mexican university students from the Psychology degree program at the Autonomous University of Baja California. Participants were randomly assigned to either a collaborative group or a non-collaborative group. Both groups completed the Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale and the Epistemic Emotions Scales before and after solving the Cognitive Reflection Test. Results. The results showed that the collaborative group reported significantly higher levels of surprise, confusion and anxiety after solving the Cognitive Reflection Test, but lower levels of curiosity. The non-collaborative group showed significant differences in surprise, confusion, and frustration. Comparing both groups in the posttest, the collaborative group showed higher levels of excitement and lower levels of boredom. The regression analysis showed that CSCL does not predict self-efficacy, but it does predict epistemic emotions, particularly anxiety and boredom. Conclusions. The findings suggest that CSCL can be a valuable tool for fostering positive epistemic emotions in college students, such as curiosity and excitement. However, more research is needed to understand the relationship between CSCL and self-efficacy, as well as the role of negative epistemic emotions in collaborative learning. Keywords: Computer-supported Collaborative Learning, Self-efficacy, Epistemic Emotions, Higher Education Students.
RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR EDUCATION IN ROMANIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: MARINESCU Valentina , RODIDEAL Anda Anca , MARINACHE Ramona
Published: June 2024

Objectives. To provide an answer to the question: What were the main obstacles faced by teachers in Romanian pre-university education during the COVID-19 pandemic? School closures during pandemic effects will be investigated from the perspective of the difficulties in the educational process during the two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. Qualitative methodology using four online focus groups (18 teachers from the pre-university education system in Romania) centered on topics related to education and teacher-student relations. Data collection period: July 27–September 13, 2022. Results. Most respondents rated their digital skills as “good” or “very good” (46.5%). The main difficulties they faced online were: poor internet connection (71.2%), lack of software and applications (45.3%), lack of adequate equipment (38.8%), lack of digital knowledge (35.5%), decrease in student motivation (61.2%), fatigue (67.7%), and assessment errors (45.9%). Most respondents were aware of GDPR regulations (69.4%), and only 5% of them did nothing to ensure the students and teachers online safety. Conclusions. The online educational activities during the COVID-19 pandemic had positive aspects (e.g., the ability to adapt quickly to the online education requirements; the development of new digital skills) and negative aspects (decreased student motivation; the emergence of new psychological phenomena—digital fatigue, student assessment errors). The main obstacles faced by teachers in Romanian pre-university education during the COVID-19 pandemic were professional, administrative, and psychological. Future studies are needed to identify ways to support teachers, on the horizon of the present economic and social crisis. Keywords: Assessment of students’ knowledge, COVID-19 pandemic, Digital competences, Online education, Online security.
Kelas Ibu Hamil dalam Rangka Pencegahan Stunting
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Amalia Rizki , Zahra Fatimah
Published: June 2024

Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis, salah satu faktor kondisi ibu/calon ibu, janin, dan bayi/balita, termasuk penyakit yang diderita selama masa balita. Dampak jangka panjang stunting adalah menurunnya kemampuan kognitif dan prestasi belajar, kekebalan tubuh rendah, dan risiko potensi penyakit kencing manis, obesitas, jantung dan pembuluh darah, kanker, stroke, dan disabilitas pada usia tua, serta kualitas kerja yang menurun. Solusi yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi stunting diantaranya melalui intervensi gizi spesifik pada ibu hamil. Kelas ibu hamil merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat digunakan untuk menyebarkan informasi yang berkaitan dengan gizi dan kesehatan saat kehamilan untuk mencegah stunting. Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk menurunkan angka stunting di wilayah Kecamatan Paciran. Metode pelaksanaan koordinasi dilakukan dengan kepala desa, kepala Puskesmas untuk menyosialisasikan program kepada bidan desa. Maksud dari tahapan ini adalah menyamakan persepsi antara program dengan mitra. Setelah mendapat persetujuan dari kelurahan setempat, dilakukan sosialisasi dengan tokoh masyarakat dan sasaran program seminar dan workshop tentang kelas ibu hamil untuk penurunan angka stunting serta pembuatan media sosialisasi menentukan satu lokasi untuk pelaksanaan sosialisasi.