bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensemble flood simulation for the typical catchment in humid climatic zone by using multiple hydrological models
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhang Jianyun , Wang Guoqing , Song Xiaomeng , Yang Xiaoying , Wang Yueyang
Published: September 2020

Abstract. A good performance of hydrological model for flood simulation is
of critical importance for flood forecasting. Taking Yandu River catchment,
as the study area, three hydrological models (i.e. Xin'anjiang model,
TOPMODEL, artificial neural network model) and a multi-model ensemble
simulation method (i.e. entropy-based method) were applied to simulate the
hydrological processes of 30 flood events occurring in 1981–1987. The
performance of the ensemble members and multi-model ensemble simulation
method was evaluated by comparing indicators of Nash-Efficiency coefficient,
errors in root mean square, peak occurrence time, and relative errors of
flood peak discharge, event runoff depth. Results show that the
three hydrological models perform well for hydrological simulation of all 30
storm floods with Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient of above 0.75
and relative error of less than 10 %. However, different model exhibits a
difference in simulation errors of peak discharge and peak occurrence time.
For example, BP model has the smallest error of 3.78 % for peak discharge
simulation while that of Xin'anjiang model and TOPMODEL are 20.9 % and
24.7 % respectively. The entropy-based ensemble simulation method improved
flood simulation accuracy to some extent for all evaluation criteria
comparing to the three hydrological models. It is feasible to apply
entropy-based ensemble approach for improving accuracy of flood forecasting
in humid regions of China.
Extreme hydrological phenomena in the forest steppe and steppe zones of Ukraine under the climate change
Authors: Ovcharuk Valeriya , Gopchenko Eugene , Kichuk Nataliya , Shakirzanova Zhannetta , Kushchenko Liliia , Myroschnichenko Mariia
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Nowadays, during the period of the global climate change,
scientists around the world have noticed an increased incidence of extreme
natural disasters. The authors of the study suggested methods of using
climate change as a part of a genetic model of maximal floods runoff. This
model makes possible the introducing of “climate changes” directly through
the maximal stocks of snow and precipitation during the spring flood and
runoff coefficients. The object of study is the basin of the Southern Bug –
one of the largest rivers in Ukraine, which flows within two geographical
zones – forest-steppe and steppe. Overall results using scenario RCP 4.5
showed a decrease of runoff by the end of 2050 from 20 % in the north part
of the basin (the forest-steppe zone) to 50 % – in the south (the steppe
part of basin). On the other hand, the characteristics of minimal river flow
in the Southern Bug basin – winter and summer low waters had been analyzed.
One option for low water flow simulation is to study the connection between
the drought index (e.g. SPEI) and the minimal water. Studies show that such
correlation exists, so knowing the forecast of drought index it is possible
to project the value of minimal water discharge, which is the object of the
research.
Analysis of water level variations in the Huangzhuang reach (Hanjiang River, China) during recent years
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Mao Beiping , Qian Bao
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The 2017 Hanjiang autumn flood appeared to have higher surface
water levels at the same discharge rate than previously at the Huangzhuang
gauging station. It is seriously impacted the flood control. This paper
analyses the 2000–2017 data from the Huangzhuang reach in the Hanjiang
River, including surface water levels, the surface water fall,
erosion-deposition variation and the engineering activities. A comparison of
the 2016–2017 data with the 2000–2015 data in the Huangzhuang reach,
revealed that the surface water levels were about 1.47 and 0.13 m higher
in the high and intermediate discharge ranges, respectively. In the low
discharge range, the 2016–2017 and 2010–2015 surface water levels were
similar. However, a comparison of the 2016–2017 with the 2000–2009 data in
the low discharge range, shows that the surface water levels were 0.28–0.4 m
lower. The surface water fall in the Zhuandouwan–Huangzhuang's reach decreased in 2016–2017 for discharges above
5000 m3 s−1, whereas in the Huangzhuang–Datong reach the
opposite was found. For other time periods and discharge ranges the fall
decreased. In the Datong-Shayang reach the fall reduced in 2014–2015
relative to other periods in 2000–2017 in the discharge range above
5000 m3 s−1. The erosion-silting analysis for the Huangzhuang reach showed
scouring of local river deposits due to bridge engineering. However, near
the bridge the substantial silting was found. The collated surface water
level and scouring-silting data suggest that reduced surface water levels
during low discharge are mainly due to the overall river erosion. The
increased surface levels in the high discharge range are due to local river
siltation, especially because of the increased water resistance as response
to bridge engineering.
Linking drought indices to impacts in the Liaoning Province of China
Authors: Ma Miaomiao , Lv Juan , Su Zhicheng , Hannaford Jamie , Sun Hongquan , Qu Yanping , Xing Zikang , Barker Lucy , Wang Yaxu
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Drought is an inherent meteorological characteristic of
any given region, but is particularly important in China due to its monsoon
climate and the “three ladder” landform system. The Chinese government has
constructed large-scale water conservation projects since 1949, and
developed drought and water scarcity relief frameworks. However, drought
still causes huge impacts on water supply, environment and agriculture.
China has, therefore, created specialized agencies for drought management
called Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, which include four
different levels: state, provincial, municipal and county. The impact
datasets they collect provide an effective resource for drought
vulnerability assessment, and provide validation options for
hydro-meteorological indices used in risk assessment and drought monitoring.
In this study, we use the statistical drought impact data collected by the
Liaoning province Drought Relief Headquarter and meteorological drought
indices (Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI and Standard Precipitation
Evaporation Index, SPEI) to explore a potential relationship between drought
impacts and these indices. The results show that SPI-24 and SPEI-24 are
highly correlated to the populations that have difficulties in obtaining
drinking water in four out of the six cities studied. Three impacts related
to reservoirs and the availability of drinking water for humans and
livestock exhibit strong correlations with SPI and SPEI of different
accumulated periods. Results reveal that meteorological indices used for
drought monitoring and early warning in China can be effectively linked to
drought impacts. Further work is exploring how this information can be used
to optimize drought monitoring and risk assessment in the whole Liaoning
province and elsewhere in China.
Drought monitoring and early warning in China: a review of research to pave the way for operational systems
Authors: Barker Lucy J. , Hannaford Jamie , Ma Miaomiao
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Geographic and socio-economic factors combined make China particularly vulnerable to droughts. Here we review academic literature to assess publication trends on the topics of drought monitoring and early warning in China, exploring the common themes and recent advances presented. Literature searches for the 1970–2017 period were made for a range of search terms relating to drought monitoring. It was found that publications on these topics started to appear sporadically in 1989 and have increased
rapidly since the early 2000s, with the rate of publication increasing over
the last eight years. The scope of studies varied, often with the spatial
scale considered: at the national scale, studies focused on evaluating
existing indices, while new indices were developed and tested at the
regional scale – relating, in general, to monitoring agricultural and
meteorological droughts. At the catchment scale, novel monitoring techniques were developed, often incorporating other data types such as modelled data or soil moisture measurements. National scale operational drought monitoring in China is currently being improved and updated. However, although operational systems are discussed in the literature, there is a still a disconnect between theory and practice with the most recent advances not yet operationalised. Here, we identify the methods and approaches which can be translated from the experimental case study scale to the national operational scale.
Water replenishment for ecological flow with E-WAS framework: a case study of the Longgang River Basin, Shenzhen, China
Authors: Yan Ziqi , Zhou Zuhao , Sang Xuefeng , Wang Hao , Jia Yangwen
Published: September 2020

Abstract. With rapid urbanization, there will be more conflict between human systems and the riverine ecological system, and therefore, ecological operations, practices and research must involve the ecological water replenishment of entire river basins with new modeling tools. In this study, we establish an ecological flow-oriented water resource allocation and simulation framework (E-WAS). Virtual reservoirs and ecological units are added to the water resources network. With new water balance equations for virtual reservoirs and ecological units, the E-WAS can simulate the ecological replenishment process in a river basin and can provide a recommended water replenishment scheme that considers optimization principles. The E-WAS was applied in the Longgang River Basin, Shenzhen, China. 17 ecological units and 45 water supply nodes are considered in the model. A water replenishment scheme that used water from 31 reservoirs and reclaimed water from 7 water sewage plants was selected. This scheme significantly increased the satisfactory degree of ecological water demand and efficiently supported the formulation of a control scheme for the water environment of a basin. The E-WAS framework is similar to model plug-ins but helps to avoid the large workload that is required for model redevelopment and can expand the functions of models quickly.
Impact of hydropower dam on total suspended sediment and total organic nitrogen fluxes of the Red River (Vietnam)
Authors: Le Nhu Da , Le Thi Phuong Quynh , Phung Thi Xuan Binh , Duong Thi Thuy , Didier Orange
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Red River is a typical example of the Southeast Asian
rivers, which has been strongly affected by human activities. This paper
analyses the change of total suspended sediment (TSS) load of the Red River
from 1960 to 2015 in which numerous new dams in both China and Vietnam have
been constructed. A strong decrease of TSS load of the whole Red River (from
79±26×106 t yr−1 in 1960s to 6±1×106 t yr−1 in 2010s) allocated to the dam impoundments in spite of
population and deforestation increase. Base on the experimental equation
describing the relationship between TSS and total organic nitrogen (TON)
concentrations, and on the available data of TSS concentration and river
discharge, the longterm TON concentrations and fluxes were calculated for
the three tributaries and the whole Red River. The annual average of TON
concentrations spatially varied from 0.41 to 3.19 mg L−1,
averaging 0.98 mg L−1 for the whole period; the lowest was found for
the Da River where the new dams have been impounded. The highest TON
concentrations and fluxes occurred in the wet season in relationship with
the highest sediment loads and river discharges. The riverine TON fluxes
transferred to estuary significantly decreased from 141×103±38×103 t yr−1 (equivalent to 902±247 kg km−2 yr−1) in 1960s to 32×103±5×103 t yr−1
(equivalent to 207±35 kg km−2 yr−1) in 2010s. The TSS flux
decrease has driven a clear reduction of associated elements like nitrogen,
which let to hypothesis a change in biogeochemical processes in the coastal
zone.
The Runoff Observation and Composition Analysis in the Niyang River Basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Hongwei , Liu Jiufu , Wang Wenzhong , Min Xing , Zheng Hao , Deng Xiyuan , Wang Niu
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In order to study on the hydrometric methods in the high-altitude area, and learn more about the hydrological mechanism in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a series of observation research were carried out in the Niyang River watershed, a tributary of the Yarlung Zangbo River. The glacier recession and the runoff variation which conducted by the climate change asked people to study more on the plateau hydrology, where is extremely lack of the hydrological monitoring and dataset in the past due to the high altitude and the cold environment. In this study, 4 basins with the areas of 182, 216, 243, 213 km2 was equipped with different types of hydrometric instruments, so that the precipitation (rainfall and snow), water level, flow speed and the meteorological elements could be measured. In addition, the soil and water in the watershed were sampled at the altitude from 3667 to 6140 m, which could be used to analyze the runoff composition. With the equipment, the applicability of the hydrometric methods and instruments were discussed according to the monitoring situation. With the samples' analysis results (including the δD, δ18O, and the chemical components), the runoff composition characteristics were analyzed. This research is funded by the NSFC project 91647111 and 91647203, which are included in the Runoff Change and its Adaptive Management in the Major Rivers in Southwestern China Major Research Plan.
Study on Hydrologic Forecasting at the Construction Period of Datengxia Hydroproject
Authors: Lu Kangming
Published: September 2020

Abstract. To provide better service of hydrologic forecasting in
the construction period of Datengxia Hydroproject that is the largest one
under construction on the Pearl River, this paper focuses in analysing the
characteristics of the regional floods, and reviewing the hydrologic
forecasting work since starting construction, and discussing the hydrologic
forecasting methods of the period not only the river closure but also the
initial filling. The paper presents some practical work experiences and
suitable forecasting methods on the basis of the construction schedule and
the river diversion schemes. The study will conducive to improve our service
ability of hydrologic forecasting and provide the important technical
support of safe construction during the flood season.
Seismicity during and after stimulation of a 6.1 km deep Enhanced Geothermal System in Helsinki, Finland
Authors: Leonhardt Maria , Kwiatek Grzegorz , Martínez-Garzón Patricia , Bohnhoff Marco , Saarno Tero , Heikkinen Pekka , Dresen Georg
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In this study, we present a high-resolution dataset of seismicity framing the stimulation campaign of a 6.1 km deep Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) in Helsinki suburban area and discuss the complexity of fracture network development. Within St1 Deep Heat project, 18 160 m3 of water was injected over 49 days in summer 2018. The seismicity was monitored by a seismic network of near-surface borehole sensors framing the EGS site in combination with a multi-level geophone array located at ≥ 2 km depth. We expand the original catalog of Kwiatek et al. (2019) and provide the community with the dataset including detected seismic events and earthquakes that occurred two month after the end of injection, totalling to 61 163 events. We relocated events of the catalog with sufficient number of available phase onsets and moment magnitudes between Mw −0.7 and Mw 1.9 using the double-difference technique and a new velocity model derived from a post-stimulation vertical seismic profiling campaign. The analysis of the fault network development at reservoir depth of 4.5–7 km is one primary focus of this study. To achieve this, we investigate 191 focal mechanisms of the induced seismicity using cross-correlation based technique. Our results indicate that seismicity occurred in three spatially separated clusters centered around the injection well. We observe a spatio-temporal migration of the seismicity during the stimulation starting from the injection well in northwest (NW) – southeast (SE) direction and in northeast (NE) direction towards greater depth. The spatial evolution of the cumulative seismic moment, the distribution of events with Mw ≥ 1 and the fault plane orientations of focal mechanisms indicate an active network of at least three NW–SE to NNW-SSE orientated permeable zones which is interpreted to be responsible for migration of seismic activity away from the injection well. Fault plane solutions of the best-constrained focal mechanisms as well as results for the local stress field orientation indicate a reverse faulting regime and suggest that seismic slip occurred on a sub-parallel network of pre-existing weak fractures favorably oriented with the stress field, striking NNW-SEE with a dip of 45° ENE, parallel to the injection well.
Evaluating permafrost physics in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) models and their sensitivity to climate change
Authors: Burke Eleanor J. , Zhang Yu , Krinner Gerhard
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Permafrost is a ubiquitous phenomenon in the Arctic. Its future
evolution is likely to control changes in northern high-latitude
hydrology and biogeochemistry. Here we evaluate the permafrost
dynamics in the global models participating in the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project (present generation – CMIP6; previous
generation – CMIP5) along with the sensitivity of permafrost to
climate change. Whilst the northern high-latitude air temperatures are
relatively well simulated by the climate models, they do introduce a
bias into any subsequent model estimate of permafrost. Therefore
evaluation metrics are defined in relation to the air
temperature. This paper shows that the climate, snow and permafrost
physics of the CMIP6 multi-model ensemble is very similar to that of
the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble. The main differences are that a small
number of models have demonstrably better snow insulation in CMIP6
than in CMIP5 and a small number have a deeper soil profile. These
changes lead to a small overall improvement in the representation of
the permafrost extent. There is little improvement in the simulation
of maximum summer thaw depth between CMIP5 and CMIP6. We suggest that
more models should include a better-resolved and deeper soil profile
as a first step towards addressing this. We use the annual mean thawed
volume of the top 2 m of the soil defined from the model soil
profiles for the permafrost region to quantify changes in permafrost
dynamics. The CMIP6 models project that the annual mean frozen volume
in the top 2 m of the soil could decrease by
10 %–40 %∘C-1 of global mean surface air
temperature increase.
“INVESTIR EM PESSOAS EM TEMPOS DE CRISE?” -ESTUDO MULTICASOS EM INDÚSTRIAS DE CONFECÇÕES
Authors: Berti Sandra Mara , Mozzato Anelise Rebelato
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é buscar compreender como as indústrias de confecção de médio porte de um município do norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, investem no capital humano em tempos de crise, visto que a redução de custos e corte de despesas se fazem necessárias para que as organizações se mantenham ativas. Os procedimentos metodológicos pautaram-se em uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas e a análise de conteúdo foi a técnica utilizada para a análise dos dados obtidos. Como principais resultados, foi constatado haver grande interesse por parte das empresas em manter seus trabalhadores sempre motivados, independentemente do cenário. Elas procuram investir em desenvolvimento, porém admitem a necessidade de cortes de custos em praticamente todos os setores da empresa.
Brazil and the Liquidity Trap
Authors: Cerbaro Rodolfo Henrique , Da Silva Pereira André , Bisinella Everton
Published: September 2020

With high-interest rates being the norm as this is written, Brazil has little reason to be worried about liquidity traps which have recently resurged in international economic literature. Studies intertwining the Brazilian scenario with them have been sparse. However, Brazil's legislative framework raises alarms: fiscal legislation with the principle of legality as applied in the Brazilian scenario seems to form a problematic situation.  The goal of this work is to alert one to the possible undesirable effects, caused by short-sighted legislation should a liquidity trap occur in Brazil, although it does not seem to be a concern in the short term. The methodology we use is descriptive and bibliographical, through a revision of the literature. We conclude that if the argument of a significant part of the literature is thought to follow, the country may find itself in a worrisome scenario.
Práticas de editoração científica e a ciência aberta
Authors: Araújo Paula Carina de , Freitas Maria do Carmo Duarte , Lanz Helza Ricarte
Published: September 2020

Apresenta o fasciculo v.9, n.1 de 2020 da Revista AtoZ. Contextualiza o momento de transição da equipe editorial da revista e destaca a busca por práticas editoriais voltadas para a ciência aberta.
Old Schools
Authors: McGlazer Ramsey
Published: September 2020

This book marks out a modernist counter-tradition. The book proceeds from an anachronism common to Italian- and English-language literature and cinema: a fascination with outmoded, paradigmatically pre-modern educational forms that persists long after they are displaced in modernizing, reform-minded pedagogical theories. Old Schools shows that these old-school teaching techniques organize key works by Walter Pater, Giovanni Pascoli, James Joyce, Pier Paolo Pasolini, and Glauber Rocha. All of these figures oppose ideologies of progress by returning to and creatively reimagining the Latin class long since left behind by progressive educators. Across the political spectrum, advocates of progressive education, from Jean-Jacques Rousseau to John Dewey and Giovanni Gentile, had targeted Latin in particular. The dead language—taught through time-tested techniques including memorization, recitation, copying out, and other forms of repetition and recall—needed to be updated or eliminated, reformers argued, so that students could breathe free and become modern, achieving a break with convention and constraint. By contrast, the works that Old Schools considers valorize instruction’s outmoded techniques, even at their most cumbersome and conventional. Like the Latin class to which they return, these works produce constraints that feel limiting but that, by virtue of that very limitation, invite valuable resistance. As they turn grammar drills into verse and repetitious lectures into voiceovers, they find unlikely resources for creativity and critique in the very practices that progressive reformers sought to clear away.
Grave Attending
Authors: Bray Karen
Published: September 2020

Grave Attending: A Political Theology for the Unredeemed mounts a challenge to a regnant neoliberal capitalist narrative, pervasively secularized, of redemption. Its methodology relies on reading political theology anew through theories of affect, queerness, disability, and race. Surfacing the importance of emotion, mood, feeling, and affect for constructions of the political and the theological, this book proposes counter-redemptive narratives. Its opening provocation is a diagnosis of soteriological impulses within neoliberalism that demand we be productive, efficient, happy, and flexible in order to be of worth and therefore get saved from the wretchedness of being considered disposable. In the guise of opportunity, the theological underpinnings of neoliberalism offer a caged freedom. Counter to this cage, the affect theories explored in these pages offer a political theology that surmises that sticking with the moods of what it means to get crucified by neoliberal capitalism is both an act of resistance and the refusal to give up on life in execution’s wake. Hence, it suggests we stick with those whom neoliberalism has already marked as irredeemable. Through the concept of “grave attending” —being brought down by the gravity of what is and listening to the ghosts of what might have been (all those irredeemable subject positions and collectives we tried to closet away)—this book considers what it means to go unredeemed. An affect-infused political theology asks readers to stick with the moods of the irredeemable, while also salvaging the possibility of new worlds, not in spite of such moods, but through them.
Internet Financial Reporting Disclosure in the Saudi Listed Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Alwardat Yousef Ali
Published: September 2020

The broad aim of this study was to measure the extent of Internet Financial Reporting Disclosure (IFRD) in the Saudi Listed Manufacturing Companies (SLMCs). It extends the current literature on IFRD by providing empirical data on Saudi Arabia, a developing country which has been scarcely researched in this field of study. Fifty-three SLMCs were investigated based on an unweighted checklist of 75 items (20 for presentation and 55 for content). The study also employed multi regression analysis to examine the status of IFRD. The analysis revealed an overall level of IFRD of 45 per cent. The study also provided empirical evidence of significant positive associations between IFRD and both company size and profitability. However, no significant positive associations were found between IFRD and company leverage or listed age. The study provides empirical evidence of a moderate IFRD rate. This is likely to motivate Saudi regulatory bodies and administrators of the SLMCs to increase the amount of information they disclose on their websites in order to enhance the transparency of their reports and meet all stakeholder expectations. The findings of this study are exclusive to the SLMCs and do not provide a complete picture about online disclosure by all Saudi listed companies. Therefore, future studies could investigate the status of online disclosure across all Saudi Listed Companies.
Introduction
Authors: Gould D. Rae , Mrozowski Stephen A.
Published: September 2020

Chapter 1 discusses the key concepts explored in this book: collaborative archaeology, Indigenous knowledge, and the clear connections between exploring the past and contemporary, living peoples. The chapter examines Nipmuc sites in the Hassanamesit Woods of Massachusetts. The lines of inquiry discussed include documentary research, ethnohistory, oral history and oral tradition, cultural landscapes, and cross-cultural epistemologies. The important connections between academic research and modern political processes for tribes (such as the federal acknowledgement process) are also discussed, as well as the outdated practice in archaeology of creating an artificial divide between “pre-history” and “history.” The decolonizing of archaeology is central to the approach used throughout this book and through the relationships that have developed between the authors over the past few decades.
Chemical Sourcing of Afro-Antiguan Ware from Betty’s Hope Plantation
Authors: Kirby Benjamin C.
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) for Afro-Antiguan and industrial ceramics excavated at Betty’s Hope plantation. Chemical analysis of the ceramics from Betty’s Hope shows that the enslaved potters of the plantation had a high degree of agency with regard to the ceramic industry. Additionally, the potters had complete control over all aspects of the production from sourcing the clay to utilizing the ceramics. While the redwares examined mostly came from an external source and originally were thought to be industrial and related to sugar production, some of them were produced locally at Betty’s Hope. The locally produced redwares could be industrial but also could represent an effort to create a unique community identity.
Classificação de Nódulos Pulmonares Utilizando Redes Neurais Convolucionais 3D
Authors: Lima Thiago , Luz Daniel , Veras Rodrigo , Araújo Flavio
Published: September 2020

O câncer de pulmão é o segundo mais comum no Brasil. A detecção precoce de nódulos pulmonares é essencial para a sobrevivência do paciente. Neste trabalho propomos um algoritmo baseado na Rede Neural Convolucional 3D para classificar nódulos pulmonares como benignos ou malignos em imagens da tomografia computadorizada. A arquitetura proposta possui dois blocos de camadas convolucionais seguidos por uma camada de pooling, duas camadas totalmente conectadas e uma softmax. O uso de aumento de dados para balanceamento do conjunto de treino produziu resultados promissores, com acurácia de 0,9077, kappa de 0,7774, sensibilidade de 0,8481, especificidade de 0,9322 e AUC de 0,8901, na classificação de nódulos pulmonares.
Análise comparativa da influência dos espaços de cores na segmentação multi-classe de Whole Slide Imaging do câncer de mama utilizando deep learning
Authors: Zeiser Felipe , Costa Cristiano , Ramos Gabriel , Roehe Adriana , Bohn Henrique , Santos Ismael , Righi Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

O diagnóstico em estágios iniciais normalmente resulta em um prognóstico melhor nos casos de câncer. Atualmente, a análise histopatológica e o padrão ouro para o diagnóstico, estadiamento e definição do tratamento de neoplasias de mama. Contudo, a técnica possui algumas restrições que dificultam o processo de análise pelo patologista, como diferentes protocolos de coloração, variações de coloração nas lâminas, e sobreposição de tecidos. Assim, a representação computacional das cores pode exercer uma influência significativa no comportamento dos modelos convolucionais. Desta forma, este estudo propõe uma análise comparativa da influência de quatro espaços de cores (RGB, HSV, YCrCb e LAB) para a segmentação multi-classe de Whole Slide Imaging (WSI) do câncer de mama. A metodologia proposta e composta por uma etapa de pré-processamento das WSI, data augmentation e multi- segmentação utilizando a arquitetura convolucional U-Net com uma ResNet-50 pré-treinada como codificador. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o espaço de cores HSV apresentou de maneira geral índices melhores para a segmentação das WSI utilizando a metodologia proposta neste estudo.
Protótipo do aplicativo Ergon para informação e conscientização ergonômica
Authors: Bitencourte Adakrishna , Rendeiro Márcia
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho apresenta o protótipo do aplicativo (app) Ergon, o qual permite o acesso às informações para conscientização ergonômica de empresas e trabalhadores, com objetivo de contribuir nas ações de identificação e prevenção de riscos ergonômicos que podem acarretar em danos à saúde do trabalhador. O conteúdo do app foi baseado nos aspectos das condições de trabalho abordadas na Norma Regulamentadora 17 – NR 17, da Secretaria do Trabalho do Brasil.
Aplicação de análise de sentimentos no Twitter para avaliação da percepção pública quanto a cloroquina
Authors: Olenscki João , Xavier Fernando , Acosta Andre , Saraiva Antonio , Sallum Maria
Published: September 2020

Durante a pandemia de COVID-19, diversas formas de tratamento têm sido testadas por pesquisadores. Dentre elas, destaca-se a cloroquina, que ganhou grande repercussão após declarações favoráveis feitas pelos presidentes do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos. Com o objetivo de analisar a opinião pública a respeito da cloroquina, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar postagens a respeito desse medicamento em redes sociais através de aprendizado de máquina. De acordo com resultados preliminares, nota-se que estes métodos podem ser úteis na vigilância em saúde, auxiliando a gestão pública no monitoramento e avaliação da efetividade de suas atividades de comunicação, bem como combate as fake news.
ANFIS-PID Control of Active Suspension for the Full-Scale Straddle Monorail Model
Authors: XIN Liang
Published: September 2020

In order to improve the ride comfort straddle-type monorail, based on the full-scale straddle-type monorail model with 38-DOF, combined with the modular control thought and adaptive neural fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) control theory, the ANFIS-PID controller is designed, in which the vertical vibration velocity and acceleration, pitching angular velocity and angular acceleration, rolling angular velocity and angular acceleration are taken as inputs and the actuator force of active suspension as outputs. The results show that compared with existing passive suspension, the root mean squared values(RMS) of vertical acceleration, pitching angular acceleration and rolling angular acceleration of active suspension is significantly reduced, respectively. And the vibration amplitude below 10Hz frequency range is suppressed, which is the human sensitivity frequency. Active suspension controlled by ANFIS-PID can be used as a way to improve the ride comfort of straddle monorail vehicles.
In the Sunken Submarine
Authors: Bakich Olga
Published: September 2020

The chapter analyzes the development and artistic responses of Russian emigré poetry under the pressures of Japanese occupation during the Manchukuo years (1932-1945). It also examines what exile and losing one's nation meant for these stateless intellectuals. Several poets and their works are investigated, along with state-sponsored poetry competitions featuring Russian authors as a means to represent the "success" of multi-ethnic literary endeavours in Manchukuo.
“The Enemy of Mankind”
Authors: Perelman Elisheva A.
Published: September 2020

This chapter analyzes the nature of the scientific discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus and preventative work against the epidemic through the lens of one of Robert Koch’s associates and friends, Kitasato Shibasaburō. Kitasato, a Japanese scientist and government employee, worked with Koch at the behest of the Japanese government, an organization with which he frequently clashed. Due to his personal foibles and recurrent arguments with politicians and other scientists in Japan, Kitasato’s work on tuberculosis, despite being groundbreaking, was often overlooked in his homeland. Thus, Kitasato’s personal problems, this chapter surmises, may have cost Japan proper tuberculosis prevention undertaken successfully in other countries.
“Justifying the Liabilities Which Had Been Incurred”
Authors: Perelman Elisheva A.
Published: September 2020

Chapter IV looks at late Meiji and early Taishō era politics as that predicated upon utilitarianism. This political philosophy seeks to ensure that actions are undertaken for the greatest good for the greatest number, leaving out other abstractions of the philosophy. Politician Ōkuma, in addition to straddling the Meiji/Taishō divide, also personified this political philosophy extremely successfully. His utilization of various political players, with or without their full political complicity, served to create a nation that could successfully engage in the moral enterprise. Often, he was joined in his work by his American journalist friend and bulldog, Edward Howard House. It was by Ōkuma’s hand and those of his compatriots that tuberculosis often fell to medical missionary work, rather than government action during this period.
“The Nazareth of the Orient”
Authors: Perelman Elisheva A.
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines how foreign, Protestant nondenominational evangelical organizations in Japan around the turn of the 20th century utilized the moral enterprise for their own ends. By appearing to balance the good of their organization with the good of the Japanese state in their dealings, such evangelical groups were able to seek converts and patronage in a nation not necessarily amenable to Christian doctrine. These organizations had to, in turn, calculate the profits of human versus monetary economy in their soteriological work. In this dual balancing act, many turned to medical missionary labors as a way to perfect the moral enterprise. Yet, rarely were conversions or improved relations with the government forthcoming. However, the Russo-Japanese War proved a watershed in evangelical work supporting the Japanese state and, thus, appearing to “win” the moral enterprise.
Conclusions
Authors: Perelman Elisheva A.
Published: September 2020

The Conclusion discusses the idea of cui bono in Japan’s moral enterprise between the Japanese government and the foreign, Protestant nondenominational evangelists, as well as within the fight against tuberculosis. Too often, the moral enterprise dictated that the beneficiaries of evangelical and governmental work were not those who required it the most, but those who served the agendas of each group. When it came to those who were not as beholden to either group, however, the beneficiaries of the work could be the victims of the scourge, not the bottom line. Thus, men like Vories and Teusler proved that the true question was not cui bono, but who should benefit?
The Politics of Higher Education
Authors: Ming-kin Chu
Published: September 2020

This book addresses the politics of higher education in Imperial China during the Northern Song period (960-1127). How did different political agents -- namely emperors, scholar-officials, teachers and students -- interact in shaping the Imperial University and compete over different agendas? Earlier studies often conceived the Imperial University as a static institution and framed questions within the context of institutional and social history. Building on recent insights/developments in new political history, this book is distinctive for its emphasis on the fluid political processes shaping institutional changes and the interaction of the people involved. Based on a close reading of the surviving records of court archives, chronological accounts and biographical materials of individual agents, the author shows the agendas behind the structures and regulations of the Imperial University and the ways in which they actually functioned, among them the assertion of autocratic rule, the elimination of political opposition, and the imposition of strict morality. Competitions and negotiations over these agenda, the author proposes, lead to changes in educational policies, which did not occur in a linear or progressive fashion, but rather back-and-forth due to ongoing resistance.
Foreshadowing Major Reforms
Authors: Ming-kin Chu
Published: September 2020

Chapter 2 considers the extent to which the Imperial University inherited earlier trajectories of development to lay the foundation for future political reforms. Ouyang Xiu’s high-handedness in banning the Imperial University writing style (taixue ti 太學體) on the departmental examination (shengshi 省試), I would argue, represents a response to the pluralistic intellectual atmosphere at the University that the lecturers Hu and Sun had pushed to newer heights. The manner in which Ouyang advanced his intellectual agendas in the dual arenas of examination and education very likely inspired Wang Anshi to adopt similarly high-handed tactics two decades later.
Recruiting Moral Officials
Authors: Ming-kin Chu
Published: September 2020

Chapter 5 traces the actual implementation of the countrywide Three Hall promotion system in connection with the metropolitan schools. It reveals that some apathetic and corrupt administrators exploited the systems to pursue their personal agendas, thereby corrupting the idealistic policies of the Song court. In response to the dominance of court surrogates, Huizong initially attempted to reclaim imperial authority in the educational realm and ultimately abolished this idealistic project in 1121 as he could no longer benefit from it.
Gated Communities
Authors: Wei John
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on the politics of proximity on locative mobile media that evoke the issue of social position and class affiliation, and on online and urban queer communities that are separated and segregated by class-related cultural capital and social privilege as “gated communities”. Mobilized queer cultures and desires are deeply structured and further complicated by social mobility and immobility through the myth of quality. Social and spatial gating and walling in China’s online and urban middle-class communities have functioned as vehicles of social inclusion and exclusion in the country’s ongoing post-suzhi transformations. This has significantly hindered the once-promising social mobilization and started to concretize existing social stratifications and segregations amid the ongoing social change.
Closing Remarks
Authors: Wei John
Published: September 2020

With a focus on the dual pressure of compulsory familism and compulsory development, this chapter further considers the values and pitfalls of the development-induced mobilities and post-development syndromes. It questions the complex and often contradictory figures and formulations of “queer migrants,” the claims of China’s neoliberal cultures and desires, the rising middle classes and social stratifications, the emergence of an economy of loneliness, as well as how stretched kinship functions as a resilient strategy amid China’s ongoing social change. Through a critique of the neoliberal capitalist process, this chapter concludes with a consideration of the extent to which this book may have presented a queer Sinophone Marxist critique, and further envisages a possible future for queer people in China and Sinophone Asia.
Sunnyside
Authors: Wright Laura
Published: September 2020

This book traces developments in the history of British house-names from the tenth century, beginning with medieval house-naming practices referencing the householder’s name, the householder’s occupation, and the appearance of the house. In the early fourteenth century heraldic names appeared on commercial premises: tavern names such as la Worm on the Hope, and shop names such as the Golden Tea Kettle & Speaking Trumpet. From the eighteenth century five main categories are identified: the transferred place-name, the nostalgically rural, the commemorative, names associated with the nobility, and the latest fashion or fad. From the nineteenth century new developments are ‘pick & mix’ names consisting of uncoupled elements from British place-names joined together in new combinations, and jocular house-names. Historically, the house-name Sunnyside predominates in Scotland, and is traced through Middle English, Medieval Latin, Anglo-Norman French Scottish Gaelic, and the influence of Old Norse, recording a prehistoric Nordic land-division practice known as solskifte. It was spread southwards in the eighteenth century by Nonconformists, and became a Quaker shibboleth. Quakers took the name to North America where it remains in use as a church name. A specific historic Sunnyside in the Scottish Borders influenced author Washington Irving to name his famous New York Sunnyside, which boosted the name’s popularity. London Sunnysides of the 1870s were grand suburban residences owned by rich industrialist Nonconformists with Scottish family ties, confirming the trend.
Manejo sustentável na produção de aves caipiras de postura: experiência de estágio na comunidade de Salinas
Authors: Barboza Thales de Araújo , Silva Yane Gama da , Campos Gleisy Vieira
Published: September 2020

Este artigo trata acerca dos métodos alternativos para a redução de custos na criação de aves caipiras na comunidade de Salinas, zona rural de Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia. O trabalho se dá a partir da identificação do manejo de aves já utilizados nessa comunidade e debate sobre os métodos alternativos para alimentação dos animais que reduzam o custo de produção, fazendo com que o produtor consiga uma renda maior na comercialização do seu produto. A metodologia utilizada foi observações, oficinas e entrevistas com os produtores. No geral, os criadores e produtores utilizam na alimentação das aves a ração comercial composta por milho, farelo de trigo, farelo de soja, fontes de cálcio, fontes de fósforo, premixes e entre outros, essa alimentação reflete no custo alto de produção das aves, já que de acordo com o período, o preço de parte desses ingredientes utilizados na formulação da ração torna inviável a produção. Os métodos alternativos de alimentação das aves surgem para reduzir o custo de produção e consequentemente o custo do produto final. Nesse estágio, o método alternativo de alimentação em destaque é construção de leiras para produção de hortaliças, essas podem ser beneficiadas pelo aviário através dos resíduos utilizados como adubos, nesse sistema, os aviários também se beneficiam, sendo os restos vegetais das hortaliças utilizados como fontes de alimentação alternativa das aves.
Gestão democrática no contexto escolar
Authors: Mauricio Pinto Jailson , Vicente do Carmo Lima Douglas
Published: September 2020

A educação é um processo organizado, sistemático e intencional, ao mesmo tempo em que é complexo dinâmico e evolutivo, em vista do que demanda não apenas um grande quadro funcional, como também a participação da comunidade, dos pais e de organizações diversas. A escola em seu cotidiano é um lugar de inúmeras e diversificadas práticas. Essas, por sua vez, não se sustentam sem concepção de sociedade ou de mundo. Portanto, esta diversidade de práticas está em permanente movimento no cotidiano escolar, seja para seu êxito seja para seu fracasso. A construção do processo de gestão escolar democrática, participativa implica repensar a lógica da organização e participação nas relações e dinâmica escolar, tendo como fundamento a discussão dos mecanismos de participação, as finalidades da escola, bem como, a definição de metas e a tomada de decisão consciente e coletiva. A participação é um dos meios para alcançar melhor os objetivos da escola, os quais se localizam na qualidade dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem.