bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A multimodalidade como ferramenta de inclusão no jornalismo científico
Authors: Macieira Barbosa Luana
Published: July 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o modo como a multimodalidade se faz presente no discurso de jornalismo científico. Nos debruçamos sobre matérias da revista Pesquisa FAPESP, publicação jornalística impressa dedicada à divulgação de pesquisas científicas. Uma vez que as páginas de uma revista são compostas por notícias formadas por textos, imagens, gráficos e fotos, utilizamos textos jornalísticos para observar como o fenômeno da multimodalidade ocorre. Neste trabalho, consideramos as relações entre poder e discurso de Gnerre (2009) e Fairclough (2001), além das categorias de análise elaboradas por Kress e van Leeuwen (2006) em Reading images. The grammar of visual design. Nossos resultados apontam para o fato de que, no atual cenário de crise democrática, o jornalismo científico utiliza recursos multimodais para tornar os textos mais inteligíveis, funcionando como ferramenta de inclusão e auxiliando para que o discurso da ciência não seja usado como elemento de poder por aqueles que o produzem nos laboratórios, institutos de pesquisa e universidades.
Жизненные стратегии молодежи: реализация ожиданий и социальные настроения
Authors: Зубок Юлия Альбертовна , Чупров Владимир Ильич
Published: July 2020

Статья посвящена проблеме конструирования молодежью собственных жизненных стратегий в сфере образования и труда, а также противоречиям, возникающим в процессе их реализации и находящим отражение в социальных настроениях молодых людей. В статье рассматривается теоретический подход к исследованию жизненных стратегий молодежи. Последние исследуются в культурном пространстве жизнедеятельности молодежи, что позволяет определить их роль в механизме социокультурной саморегуляции. В этой связи цели жизненных стратегий в образовании и в труде рассматриваются в более широком контексте смысложизненных ценностей молодежи, а способы реализации целей — как характеристики жизненных позиций молодых людей. Актуальность такого подхода возрастает в связи с изменяющейся социальной реальностью, в условиях которой выстраиваются и реализуются жизненные стратегии молодежи.
На основе результатов исследований, проводимых Центром социологии молодежи ИСПИ ФНИСЦ РАН, анализируется социокультурная обусловленность целей жизненных стратегий молодых людей и способов их реализации в сферах образования и труда. Показана роль ожиданий в механизме саморегуляции жизнедеятельности, выявлена связь нереализованных ожиданий с социальными чувствами молодых людей, проанализирована их связь с экстремальными настроениями, обосновано их протестное содержание. Анализ связи настроений молодых людей с их представлениями о возможном участии в различных формах протеста позволяет сделать обоснованные выводы не только об источниках эскалации, но и путях предупреждения социальных конфликтов в молодежной среде.
Как сочетаются социальное, территориальное и гендерное неравенства в образовательных траекториях молодежи России?
Authors: Богданов Михаил Богданович , Малик Валерия Михайловна
Published: July 2020

В статье проводится исследование социального, территориального и гендерного неравенств при формировании образовательных траекторий российской молодежи в течение четырех лет после окончания девятого класса. Эмпирическую базу исследования составляют первая, вторая и четвертая волны всероссийского репрезентативного лонгитюдного исследования «Траектории в образовании и профессии» (ТрОП), проведенные в 2012, 2013 и 2015 гг.
Для выявления на основе эмпирических данных сочетания разных типов неравенств мы используем разведывательный и описательный подход — метод дерева классификации, в отличие от традиционного для этой области исследований метода логистической регрессии. Выделены пять групп траекторий: «после девятого класса в СПО (среднее профессиональное образование)», «после 11-го класса в СПО», «после 10—11-го классов в неселективный вуз» (средний бал ЕГЭ у зачисленных абитуриентов 70 и ниже), «после 10—11-го классов в селективный вуз» (средний бал ЕГЭ у зачисленных абитуриентов больше 70), и «прекращение обучения после окончания школы». Как показали результаты исследования, ключевым фактором дифференциации образовательных траекторий является успеваемость. Для групп с разной успеваемостью следующим по важности фактором становится образование родителей (для тех, кто учится на тройки и четверки) и место жительства (для «отличников»). Единственная группа, для которой значимым фактором формирования траектории выступает пол, — это «троечники», у родителей которых нет высшего образования.
Благодарность. В работе использованы результаты проекта «Траектории в образовании и профессии», выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2019 г. Авторы выражают благодарность Д.Ю. Куракину, заведующему Лабораторией культурсоциологии и антропологии образования Института образования НИУ ВШЭ, за плодотворное сотрудничество и идеи, а также М.Ю. Гурину, стажеру-исследователю Лаборатории культурсоциологии и антропологии образования Института образования НИУ ВШЭ, за помощь в оформлении графиков.
Стратегии социального протеста молодежи в Рунете: сравнительный анализ поколений Y и Z
Authors: Титов Виктор Валериевич
Published: July 2020

Исследовательская проблема заключается в необходимости системного изучения особенностей социального протеста и различий в стратегиях протестного поведения поколений Y и Z. Обозначенная проблема рассматривается в трех измерениях: через (1) мотивационную составляющую и когнитивные основания протеста; (2) психоэмоциональные репрезентации молодежного протеста, рельефно проявляющиеся в социальных медиа; (3) конкретные формы протестного поведения в сетевом пространстве.
Теоретико-методологические основания исследования выстроены посредством синтеза теоретических положений и методологического потенциала коммуникативного и сравнительного подходов, а также политико-психологической методологии. Дизайн исследования предполагал три этапа. На первых двух этапах осуществлялся автоматизированный мониторинг социальных медиа при помощи систем «Медиалогия» и IQBuzz. Также на втором этапе был проведен дистантный опрос, посвященный особенностям протестного поведения молодых россиян. На третьем этапе осуществлено сравнение специфики протеста представителей поколений Y и Z в социальных сетях Рунета.
Было выявлено, что ключевыми мотивационными факторами, стимулирующими социальный протест российской молодежи, являются дефицитарная потребность в формировании позитивного образа будущего, психоэмоциональное ощущение несправедливости существующего социального порядка, установка на восприятие обобщенного института государства как коррумпированного и неэффективного.
Выделены пять ключевых стратегий социального протеста, находящихся в стадии формирования: неструктурированная, терминально-атрибутивная, фрустрационная, политизированная, локально ориентированная. Терминально-атрибутивная стратегия присуща поколению Z, фрустрационная и локально ориентированная востребованы у поколения Y. Политизированная и неструктурированная стратегии характерны для «виртуального» протеста обоих поколений российской молодежи.
Fermentacja. Slavs and Tatars i performatywna propozycja dla polskiej kulturowej komparatystyki
Authors: Iwanczewska Łucja
Published: July 2020

Artykuł stanowi spojrzenie na polską komparatystykę kulturową przez pryzmat performatyki rozumianej jako badanie procesów performatywnych ustanowień. Autorka pokazuje, że performatyka może stać się propozycją dla metodologii komparatystycznych. Analizując strategie kolektywu artystyczno-naukowego Slavs andTatars, pokazuje, jak w sposób performatywny produkowana jest wiedza, historia, jak tworzą się relacje i zależności pomiędzy dyscyplinami wiedzy i tekstami kulturowymi.
Ja tłumaczę – Ja piszę? O przekładzie wierszy autotematycznych
Authors: Waligóra Agnieszka
Published: July 2020

Artykuł opisuje próbę przeprowadzenia eksperymentalnego tłumaczenia autotematycznych utworów lirycznych z zamianą podmiotowego “Ja, które pisze” na podmiotowe “Ja, które tłumaczy”. Przytoczone zostają liczne przekłady trzech wierszy (autorstwa Roberta Lowella, Franka O’Hary oraz Jane Kenyon): zostają zinterpretowane one i porównane z dziełami oryginalnymi oraz opatrzone komentarzem, sytuującym je w szerszym kontekście translatologicznym i teoretycznoliterackim. Tłumaczenia dokonały studentki specjalności przekładowej na Wydziale Filologii Polskiej i Klasycznej Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu.
Leksyka słowiańskich dialektów miejskich: egzoetnonimy w gwarze Warszawy, Brna i Moskwy
Authors: Juszczak Bartosz
Published: July 2020

The present study concentrates on the issue of exoethnonyms and, in particular, exoethnonyms replacing orthonyms in the vocabulary of Slavonic urban dialects – namely, the urban dialect of Warsaw, the Hantec slang of Brno and the urban dialect of Moscow. Based on the data extracted from dictionaries, it was possible to select such designations. From the linguistic point of view, these nominations are either occasionalisms or names more deeply rooted in the lexical system of the urban dialects in question. The article includes the analysis and classification of the research data in terms of the linguistic and extralinguistic motivation and axiological evaluation of particular items.
Microstructure, Hardness, Wear, and Magnetic Properties of (Tantalum, Niobium) Carbide-Nickel–Sintered Composites Fabricated from Blended and Coated Particles
Authors: Yehia Hossam M. , Daoush Walid M. , Abdel Mouez F. , El-Sayed Mohamed H. , El-Nikhaily Ahmed E.
Published: July 2020

(Tantalum, niobium) carbide-nickel composites were prepared by the powder metallurgy technique. Microsize (tantalum, niobium) carbide particles were reinforced in the nickel matrix. Different nickel contents were added to (tantalum, niobium) carbide powders by two different methods, namely, blending and electroless coating. The results of the microstructure show a good distribution of the (tantalum, niobium) carbide particles in the nickel matrix. The produced (tantalum, niobium) carbide-nickel composite powders were cold compacted at 400 MPa and sintered under vacuum at 1,450°C for 90 min. The density of the (tantalum, niobium) carbide-nickel–sintered materials was measured by the Archimedes method. The mechanical properties of the obtained sintered materials were evaluated by measuring the Vickers hardness and the wear rate using a pin-on-ring wear test machine. The microstructure of the sintered (tantalum, niobium) carbide-nickel as well as the microstructure of worn samples were investigated by a scanning electron microscope. The results revealed that the (tantalum, niobium) carbide-nickel–sintered materials, which were prepared by the electroless nickel coating of (tantalum, niobium) carbide particles, have a homogeneous microstructure and exhibit higher relative density, hardness, and low specific wear rate than the samples of the (tantalum, niobium) carbide/nickel–sintered materials prepared by blending of nickel with the (tantalum, niobium) carbide powders. The magnetic properties of the obtained blended and coated (tantalum, niobium) carbide particles as well as the sintered one have been studied. It was observed that the saturation magnetization is increased by increasing the nickel content.
IDENTIFICATION OF CLASS MODELS IMPERFECTION
Authors: Kungurtsev Oleksiy B. , Novikova Nataliia O.
Published: July 2020

The analysis of methods for testing models of program classes is carried out. It is shown that in connection with the increase in the volume of work at the stage of compiling models, the relevance of model verification is increasing. It has been estab-lished that to test class models obtained as a result of an automated description of use cases, it is necessary to improve the existing class model and expand the set of checks in comparison with existing solutions. The class model was further developed. The model has three sections: the class head, class methods, and class attributes. The model improving is to introduce the concept of the pur-pose of creation and use for the class as a whole, its methods and attributes. Each operation associated with the construction of a class model is provided with a link to the corresponding use caseand its item, which allows, if necessary, the transition from re-quirements to model description elements (direct trace) and from description elements to requirements (reverse trace). A type system for model elements has been introduced, which allows, without specifying types at the level of a programming language, to fully rep-resent the declaration of functions and class attributes. Based on a number of design patterns and refactoring cases, three categories of situations are identified when the class model should be improved: criticisms on the class as a whole, criticisms on the functions of the class, criticisms on the attributes of the class. For each category, a set of criticisms on the model is established and solutions for their identification are proposed. The proposed models and algorithms are implemented in a software solutionand have been tested in terms of the completeness of identifying criticisms on the model and reducing the time for the process of identifying criticisms compared to traditional technologies for defects detecting in the class models.
The Implementation of Local Environmental Problem-Based Learning Student Worksheets to Strengthen Environmental Literacy
Authors: Suryawati E. , Suzanti F. , Zulfarina Z. , Putriana A. R. , Febrianti L.
Published: July 2020

The science learning material about Environmental Pollution and Global Warming in Junior High School is very much related to the latest environmental issues. This study aims to examine the relationship between Environmental literacy with thinking skills, actions, and sensitivity to environmental issues through the implementation of Local Environmental Problem Based Learning for Student Worksheets. The survey method was used in this study, followed up by a quasi-experimental design pretest-posttest. Samples of this study were 372 students in three junior high schools located in areas affected by forest fires. Research instruments were in the form of tests, to measure ecological knowledge, and questionnaires that were adapted from the Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey (MSELS), to measure cognitive skills, actions, and sensitivity to the environment. Before being used, questionnaires and tests adapted from MSELS were tested on 35 respondents with a reliability test α = 0.68 and a questionnaire α = 0.88. Correlations between two variables were analyzed using Path-Analysis with AMOS 23 software. The results of the study showed that there was a direct correlation between ecological knowledge and increased thinking skills. Knowledge is indirectly correlated with action (β = 0.01, t = 1.07, p> 0.05) and sensitivity (β = 0.00, t = -0.38, p> 0.05). Knowledge (β = 0.12, t = 10.43, p <0.001) correlates directly to thinking skills and acts as a mediator between knowledge, action, and sensitivity to the environment. The result of the effectiveness test of Local Environment-Problem Based Learning (LE-PBL) student worksheets using the pretest-posttest design showed that LE-PBL is effective in increasing the environmental literacy of students, with N-gain value of 0.2 in the control class and N-gain of 0.4 in the experimental class. The implementation of learning resources in the form of LE-PBL student worksheets strengthens students’ environmental literacy in identifying, analyzing, evaluating, and planning actions and sensitivity to local and global environmental issues.
Integrating Islamic Values and Science for Millennial Students’ Learning on Using Seamless Mobile Media
Authors: Fahyuni E. F. , Wasis W. , Bandono A. , Arifin M. B. U. B.
Published: July 2020

This research aims to facilitate and assist student learning in finding, gathering and analyzing what is needed to develop spiritual potential, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, by using seamless mobile media to get the required help in his life. Integration with guided inquiry learning the values of Islam and science in the phenomenon of natural at millennial students utilize information technology of learning resources available environment. The concurrent triangulation strategy is done by collecting quantitative and qualitative data concurrently, then comparing the two databases related to the presence or absence of convergence, differences, or combination. Based on this multivariate statistic analysis, there are differences in learning outcomes between millennial students who use seamless mobile media and non-seamless mobile media. Efforts to integrate Islamic values and science are realized learning outcomes that are; 1) wisdom of greatness, 2) usefulness in life, 3) artificial projects, 4) written reports, 5) responsibilities, 6) accuracy, 7) curiosity. The results of learning patterns that integrate Islamic values and science using seamless mobile media increase students’ skills, abilities, and knowledge. The millennial students can complete artificial projects and report very well their meaningful learning activities to have gratitude to all who made God’s creation on Earth. Efforts to integrate Islamic values and science essential to develop knowledge and ethical character. In Islam, every human being born in a sacred environment, and education becomes a deciding factor in the quality of a child’s religion by providing learning of meaning to improve the quality of millennial students.
Science Process Skills Analysis of Science Teacher on Professional Teacher Program in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan A. M. , Sugiyanto S.
Published: July 2020

The low level of science teacher graduation in the professional teacher program in the last two years has become a severe concern for researchers in higher education. Here we analyze these problems by measuring the Science Process (SP) Skills of science teachers in Indonesia through this program. Data collection procedures are interviews, worksheets, and questionnaires, while data analysis techniques use mixed methods, consist of quantitative and qualitative methods simultaneously. The SP skills data obtained were Observing 76.1%, Proposing Hypothesis 76.4%, Planning an Experiment 60.0%, Utilizing Tools 57.2%, Interpreting 39.4%, Applying Concept 48.1%, and Communicating 18.3%. The lowest percentage is in interpreting skills and communicating skills. Based on the analysis result, the causes are the short time teaching experience and the educational background of science teachers who are not linear with their competence.
Application of Fuzzy Algorithms and Analytical Hierarchy Process Modification in Decision Support Systems for Lazis Scholarship UNNES
Authors: Permadi Dimas Bayu Satria , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: July 2020

Lazis scholarship is a scholarship given to underprivileged students and does not yet have a system that supports the decisions to be taken. AHP is one of the most popular decision making methods in solving problems. But, AHP has several weaknesses. So that it will be modified based on previous research and the addition of fuzzy algorithms to get a better decision support system method. The results of this research were A009 students with the final result priority index value of 0.004176516 getting the first position. And the addition and modification in in this research is better than the standard decision support system. Fuzzy c-means produce scores that are more variable than manual grouping. Using sorting and ranking will produce a pairwise comparison matrix that is definitely consistent and has an average faster processing time is 0.028396 seconds, whereas with the standard method is 0.284415 seconds. Modification of alternative priorities also have a relatively faster average implementation time of 0.3165 seconds than the standard calculation with 2.6003 seconds. And modifications to the FPIV, if  taking the top 25 ranking in the standard FPIV produces 3 the same value while in the modified FPIV there is 1 same value.
Myositis, rhabdomyolysis and severe hypercalcaemia in a body builder
Authors: Ravindran Ravikumar , Witczak Justyna , Bahl Suhani , Premawardhana Lakdasa D K E , Adlan Mohamed
Published: July 2020

A 53-year-old man who used growth hormone (GH), anabolic steroids and testosterone (T) for over 20 years presented with severe constipation and hypercalcaemia. He had benign prostatic hyperplasia and renal stones but no significant family history. Investigations showed – (1) corrected calcium (reference range) 3.66 mmol/L (2.2–2.6), phosphate 1.39 mmol/L (0.80–1.50), and PTH 2 pmol/L (1.6–7.2); (2) urea 21.9 mmol/L (2.5–7.8), creatinine 319 mmol/L (58–110), eGFR 18 mL/min (>90), and urine analysis (protein 4+, glucose 4+, red cells 2+); (3) creatine kinase 7952 U/L (40–320), positive anti Jo-1, and Ro-52 antibodies; (4) vitamin D 46 nmol/L (30–50), vitamin D3 29 pmol/L (55–139), vitamin A 4.65 mmol/L (1.10–2.60), and normal protein electrophoresis; (5) normal CT thorax, abdomen and pelvis and MRI of muscles showed ‘inflammation’, myositis and calcification; (6) biopsy of thigh muscles showed active myositis, chronic myopathic changes and mineral deposition and of the kidneys showed positive CD3 and CD45, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and hypercalcaemic tubular changes; and (7) echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy (likely medications and myositis contributing), aortic stenosis and an ejection fraction of 44%, and MRI confirmed these with possible right coronary artery disease. Hypercalcaemia was possibly multifactorial – (1) calcium release following myositis, rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury; (2) possible primary hyperparathyroidism (a low but detectable PTH); and (3) hypervitaminosis A. He was hydrated and given pamidronate, mycophenolate and prednisolone. Following initial biochemical and clinical improvement, he had multiple subsequent admissions for hypercalcaemia and renal deterioration. He continued taking GH and T despite counselling but died suddenly of a myocardial infarction.

Learning points:

The differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemia is sometimes a challenge.

Diagnosis may require multidisciplinary expertise and multiple and invasive investigations.

There may be several disparate causes for hypercalcaemia, although one usually predominates.

Maintaining ‘body image’ even with the use of harmful drugs may be an overpowering emotion despite counselling about their dangers.
Survival after Laparoscopic Versus Open Curative Excision for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Alshammari Turki , Alshammari Sulaiman , Alsaffar Ali , Hakami Riyadh , Alali Mohammed , Alhomoud Samar , Ashari Luai , Abduljabbar Alaa , Bazarbashi Mohammed , Aljurban Ali , Alzahrani Ahmed , Alsuhailbani Abdullah , Almanea Hadeel , Alhussainin Hussa , Alsanea Nasser
Published: July 2020

Background: Management of rectal cancer has been evolved over the past two decades with the introduction of total mesorectal excision (TME) and laparoscopic resection. Objective: This study aims to assess the difference in the long-term outcomes after laparoscopic and open resection for potentially curable, non-metastatic rectal cancer patients.Methods: This is a retrospective study which has been conducted in a single tertiary care center where the patients were recruited from the colorectal database of the Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (KFSH&RC). It included all the patients who had non-metastatic rectal cancer and underwent laparoscopic or open curative resection regardless of their age or the comorbid status during the period from January 2012 – December 2015. We studied the long-term outcomes for those patients which included the completeness of resection of the tumor, overall 3-year survival, 3-year disease-free survival, local recurrence, and distal recurrence of cancer.Results:120 patients were included in this study, 69 of them were males and 51 were females. 86 (71.7%) of them underwent open surgery while 34 (28.3%) underwent laparoscopic surgery. After a mean follow-up of 32.4 months: 104 patients were alive, 7 deceased, and 9 were lost of follow-up. Local recurrence in the open approach (OA), and laparoscopic approach (LA) groups was 3/86 (3.5%) and 4/34 (11.8%) respectively. Distal recurrence occurred in 12/86 (14%) of OA and 5/34 (14.7%) of LA. Overall 3-years survival for OA and LA was 89% and 97% respectively and the 3-years disease-free survival was 49% and 57% respectively.Conclusion: Laparoscopic and open rectal excision were similar in their outcome.
The Significance of the Bernardine Fund in the Study of Historiographical Narratives on Kmicic’s Armia Krajowa Brigade
Authors: Božerocki Tomaš
Published: July 2020

During World War II, in 1939–1944, there was a Polish armed resistance movement in Eastern Lithuania, which was called Armia Krajowa (Home Army) in the abstract. In researching the activities of Armia Krajowa (AK) in Eastern Lithuania, not only historiography is valuable, but also surviving documents and memoirs, as well as the Bernardine Fund preserved in the Lithuanian Central State Archives. So far, this Fund does not seem to receive much attention from scientists researching the activities of AK in Lithuania, as well as archives compiled by Poles residing in other countries.

Based on the concept of storage medium, the article analyzes the case of the Bernardine Fund in the context of archival research of the Polish diaspora. During the analysis of the documents kept in the Bernardine Fund, it was observed that the said Fund held significant documents that could supplement / replace the existing narrative about Kmicic’s AK partisan brigade. Kmicic’s AK partisan brigade is noteworthy, as it is the first armed AK unit to launch a consistent armed resistance, but so far there are no separate studies dedicated to the activities of this brigade.

The storage medium is the basis of memory communication that gives authenticity to the constructed memory narrative. The Bernardine Fund is a storage medium that originated in the past and reached the present unchanged / slightly changed, and that contains a certain memory narrative about AK. The Bernardine Fund and the documents contained in it are valuable storage media that can help reveal the situation of the residents of Eastern Lithuania during World War II and shed new light on the military activities of AK. In the context of research and preservation of the written heritage of the Polish diaspora, this medium has not yet received the attention of scientists, although the example of the Kmicic’s AK brigade proved that this Fund contains documents that reveal hitherto unknown aspects of AK activities.

A fact turns into an event only when certain groups draw their attention to it, when they give meaning to it and start talking and writing about it, and it begins to be remembered. All significant events are just someone’s creations, created just to justify the present in a way that is convenient for the collective, the political elite, or the heads of state. The case of Kmicic’s brigade has proven that no fact is completely lost. If a fact is not currently updated and used, it does not mean that it will be the case all the time. The documents kept in the Fund reflect that during the formation of the historiographical narrative, the collective memory of the said brigade, part of the events was deliberately omitted in order to give integrity to the narrative being formed.
Perfil de orientações recebidas no pré-natal no interior de Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Ferreira do Nascimento Vagner , Feijó da Silva Tarciso , Pereira Terças-Trettel Ana Cláudia , Yuri Hattori Thalise , Guimarães Lemes Alisséia , Da Silva Rodrigues Rallini Diani
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o perfil das orientações recebidas no pré-natal no interior de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo exploratório e qualitativo, realizado em três unidades de saúde da família, em um município da região média norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil em janeiro de 2018. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista semiestruturada e envolveu 10 puérperas. Os resultados demonstram que as orientações ofertadas pelos profissionais no pré-natal são desenvolvidas de forma abrangente, superficial e mobilizam pouco interesse das mulheres. A comunicação, o acolhimento e o vínculo durante o pré-natal surgiram como problemas que fragilizam a produção do cuidado. Conclui-se que durante o pré-natal a mulher e a família devem possuir acesso à variedade de informações para o bom desenvolvimento gravídico-puerperal, o que requer dos profissionais envolvimento e estratégias de comunicação. Além disso, a forma como as orientações são fornecidas à mulher durante as consultas do pré-natal podem se refletir no desfecho gestacional e na assistência que será prestada ao recém-nascido.
Efficacy of near infrared spectroscopy to segregate raw milk from individual cows between herds for product innovation and traceability
Authors: Ejeahalaka Kizito Kene , Cheng Long , Kulasiri Don , Edwards Grant , On Stephen
Published: July 2020

Cows with specialised characteristics and requirements can be aggregated into different herds for targeted nutri-tional management and to facilitate on-farm segregation of raw milk for the production of high-value niche dairy products, offering improved economic returns. Rapid methods for independent verification of product quality and origin are desirable to support validation and traceability of such products. This study examined the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to segregate raw milk from individual cows of multiple breeds from different herds fed on the same or differing feeding regimes, and to correlate and evaluate the efficacy of the predictions for crude protein and the milk fatty acid (FA) phenotypes for each of the herds. Reference values and near infrared spectra were obtained from representative freeze-dried raw milk samples (n = 220) collected from 847 lactating cows of 3 breeds from the Lincoln University dairy farm in New Zealand. The feed sources (i.e. pasture or pasture with lucerne silage) significantly influenced the protein and the FA values, and these differences were reflected in NIRS analyses. The partial least square regression models for crude protein determination showed excellent results, whereas for the most dominant FA, they were not appreciable. Maximum separation was obtained between the herds on the same feeding regime (mean specificity = 95.2%) using the partial least square discriminant analysis, and its overall performance in differentiating the objects was better than that of the soft independent modelling of class analogy. The multiclass analyses conducted in this study offer improvements to current approaches for evaluating and validating raw milk for the manufacture of specific dairy products, and for enhancing product traceability.
A New Indicator of Common Wage Inflation
Authors: Ahn Hie Joo , Chen Han , Kister Michael
Published: July 2020

The cyclical state of the economy and the natural rate of unemployment are key unobserved variables in policymakers' analysis of economic developments. The price Phillips curve relates the measures of resource utilization—often through deviations of the unemployment rate from the natural rate of unemployment—to consumer price inflation.
Owe a Bank Millions, the Bank Has a Problem: Credit Concentration in Bad Times
Authors: Correa Ricardo , Agarwal Sumit , Morais Bernardo , Roldán Jessica , Ruiz-Ortega Claudia
Published: July 2020

How does a bank react when a substantial share of its borrowers suffer a large negative shock? To answer this question we exploit the 2014 collapse of energy prices using the universe of Mexican commercial bank loans. We show that, after the drop in energy prices, banks exposed to the energy sector increased their exposure to these borrowers even more, relaxing credit margins to their larger debtors in the sector. An increase of one standard deviation in a bank&amp;amp;#x27;s ex-ante exposure to the energy sector increased the loan volume to borrowers in the sector by 18 percent and reduced interest rates by 6 percent, even though borrower&amp;amp;#x27;s credit default swap spreads were widening. Highly exposed banks amplified this sector-specific shock to the rest of the economy by contracting lending to other sectors, with important real effects, as the borrowers could not switch credit suppliers. Finally, the energy price shock had a large negative impact on macro outcomes, especially in the capital-intensive secondary sector. Quantitatively, a one standard deviation increase in the exposure of a state&amp;amp;#x27;s banks to the energy sector reduced its GDP by 1.8 percent.
CONCEPT DESIGNING OF VIDEO PROFILE FASHION PROGRAM UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG
Authors: Aini Nurul
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the concept of designing a profile video for the Fashion Program through the initial stages of the creation method, namely the pre-production stage or about how it is planned. Video profiles are very effective media that are used to promote a particular area, product, and promote a particular company. In this case the profile video that will be made is the profile video of the Fashion Program at Universitas Negeri Malang. This research was conducted because the Fashion Program did not yet have a profile or company profile video that was indispensable for  Program to promotion and information facilities. Pre-production stages that are often done in pre-production include 3 things, namely synopsis, script and storyboard. Later in this article, we will discuss in detail how the three stages of the process are created.
THE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF HEADMASTER IN EFFORTS TO INCREASE SELF AWARENESS OF SCHOOL RESIDENTS OF THE IMPORTANCE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Sholekah Friska Fitriani , Mahmudah Fitri Nur
Published: July 2020

The research aims to discuss(1) How planned of the headmaster in an effort to increase self-awareness of school residents regarding the importance of the environment, 2) How to implement planned programs related to efforts to increase self-awareness of school residents, and 3) identify supporting factors in implementation of the program carried out as an effort to increase self-awareness of school residents. The method of research used qualitative method. Subjects of this research consisted of headmaster, subject teachers, and students. Subjects of research is based on determining purposive random sampling technique. Collecting of data is through interviews, observation and documentation. The analyzing of data using the Miles Huberman analysis model with the several stages are collecting of data, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results show that there an increased in self-awareness of school residents about the environment after several programs had been carried out. The vision, mission and regulation of the school are being the one of programs that succeeded in increase awareness of school residents. The implementation program by applying clean fridays, installing CCTVs and coaching by the headmaster and teachers to the students directly. The supporting factors in  implementation of efforts to increase self-awareness of school residents to the environment are the commitment, awareness and desire of school residents to embody the programs that have been implemented. The strategy of headmaster is always monitor the activities of school residents through the CCTVs that have been installed and spot checking directly to be more effective and the results showed increased self-awareness of school residents for enviroment has occurred since last semester.
COMBINED TOURIST TRIPS IN EUROPE BY PRIVATE TRANSPORT AS A KIND OF BACKPACKING
Authors: Romaniv Andriy
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study is the analysis of the peculiarities of the organization of budget-limited combined tourist trips through the European countries by private transport as a kind of backpacking.

Methods. The paper uses comparison, analysis, synthesis and generalization. The development of tourist routes heavily involved cartographic methods as well as expert assessment of those who took group tours.

Results. The study analyses theoretical approaches to the concept of backpacking and its varieties and defines what kind of trips by private transport can be classified as backpacking. Based on the personal experience, we demonstrated organizational, economic and geographic aspects of such trips among domestic tourists as well as directions of further development. We presented examples of organization of two combined trips of tourist groups that involved different kinds of touristic and recreational activities: city excursions, mountaineering, recreation at the sea and lakes. Despite the variety of considered trips, their main purpose was the organization of mountain trekking and climbing peaks. One of the trip's primary destination was the highest peak of Austria, Mount Großglockner and the eponymous high-mountain motorway in the Hohe Tauern National Park. The backpacking trip that took place in July 2019 included trekking through the territory of the Triglav National Park and climbing the highest peak of Slovenia. The main criteria that classify this trip as backpacking are the following: low budget thanks to living in tents and preparing own food; the organization of the trip as a whole as well as trekking routes by the participants themselves without involvement of professional guides.

Scientific novelty. The paper studies tours through Europe by private transport as a kind of backpacking tours and the peculiarities of their organization.

Practical significance. The suggested variants of tourist trips can be used by self-organized groups as well as professional guides. Another part of European experience that could be useful for Ukraine is the organization of accommodation in the mountains and camping places as well as the system of registration and tourist fees that exist in European countries. The introduction of this practice in Ukraine would encourage better organization of self-organized tourism in the country and filling local budgets and would allow for improvements to the ecological situation in certain popular recreational regions.
MONO-DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL SYSTEMS IN THE THEORY OF MODERN SOCIAL GEOGRAPHY
Authors: Smochko N.M.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research work is the theoretical study of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the territorial system of mono-development in the theory of contemporary social geography, namely the definition of its features, properties, connections and relationships. Method. The research uses common scientific methods, including analysis, scientific synthesis, analytical method, methods of comparison and generalization. The structure of the territorial system, as a specific historical and temporal form of organization of society, can be considered in component-functional and territorial-functional aspects. Accordingly, the need of identifying the category of mono-development and its inherent differences in the theory of social geography requires detailed examination of its etymology, meaningful separation from other categories, hence, scientific justification, taking into account the specificity of geographical comprehension. The scientific novelty is that the category «territorial system of mono-development» is proposed in the scientific circulation of the theory of social geography. The systemic and specific features, properties, relationships and connections of the territorial system of mono-development as a complex discrete form of territorial organization of society have been revealed. Practical meaning. The results of this study are the basis for conducting scientific and theoretical studies of the territorial system of mono-development, its identification and complex study of functioning in modern geospatial.
SEASON DYNAMICS OF THE TEMPERATURE MODE OF BILOOZERSKYI MASSIVE OF RIVNE NATURAL RESERVE
Authors: Koval Oleksandr
Published: July 2020

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to analyze the temperature regime of the Biloozerskyi massive of Rivne Nature Reserve according to the data of the three nearest meteorological stations and to identify its dynamics and patterns.

Methods. In the work are used the results of observations of the air temperature of the meteorological stations in Sarny, Lyubeshiv and Manevychi for the period of 2006-2018, which are freely available on the Internet: http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru. Climatological information was analyzed during the research. Mathematical statistics calculations have been applied to determine the decade air temperatures. Techniques for building graphical models (Excel software) for the annual course of air temperature were used. Graphic models set the date of transition of air temperature across thresholds, the length of periods with different temperatures and the length of periods with winter thaw and high summer temperatures. The work is based on statistical, analytical, comparative, graphic and descriptive research methods.

Results. The daily, ten-day, monthly, annual, and long-term values of air temperature were analyzed and the date of steady transition of average daily air temperature across thresholds was established. The dynamics of starting and ending dates of different seasons and their duration are investigated. It is established that the duration of different seasons varies and varies significantly over the years. The cold season covers the winter and is characterized by alternation of cold and warm periods: the flow of cold air masses is accompanied by a decrease in air temperature, and the flow of warm air masses is accompanied by short or long thaws. In general, most of the winter is thawed days. The warm season covers spring, summer and autumn. Spring is the least longest and most dynamic period of the year. According to the peculiarities of the development of circulation processes and the rate of change of air temperature, spring and autumn are divided into several periods. The division of the transitional seasons into periods is conditioned by the beginning and the end of the warm period and the periods of vegetation and active vegetation. Summer is the longest period of the year. The summer is characterized by periods with high temperatures, when maximum temperatures are recorded in different grades.

Scientific novelty. The research of the temperature regime of the protected area under the conditions of modern climate change is carried out. The dates of beginning and ending of different seasons, their duration and dynamics are established and regularities are formed.

The practical significance. The materials of the research can be used for further meteorological research of nature reserves, for the needs of recreation, agrometeorology and in the educational process in the study of regional disciplines.
Terrorismo cinético y violencia entrópica: Propuesta conceptual para nuevos análisis en seguridad
Authors: NIÑO GONZÁLEZ CÉSAR AUGUSTO
Published: July 2020

En el mundo contemporáneo, la violencia ha tomado distintas facetas que socaban la seguridad de las naciones y ponen en cuestión la arquitectura de las agendas de seguridad de los Estados. La violencia materializada en los actos de terrorismo configura elementos definitorios estructurales para repensar los sistemas de seguridad convencionales. Por tal razón, es menester analizar desde un enfoque no convencional, la dinámica por medio de la cual es viable reinterpretar el terrorismo y la violencia. En ese orden de ideas, el objetivo general del presente artículo es mostrar que, a pesar del incremento en la tendencia entrópica de la violencia y la característica cinética del terrorismo, existen elementos plausibles para analizar la fenomenología de la violencia termodinámica, el principio de incertidumbre y la macropsia, se intenta innovar en las reflexiones sobe los fenómenos.
La materialización del principio de contradicción como garantía del debido proceso en los procesos administrativos de restablecimiento de derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Colombia
Authors: ESCOBAR TOCARÍA ANA MARÍA
Published: July 2020

El principio de contradicción como pilar fundamental para el respeto del debido proceso debe estar presente en todo tipo de actuaciones judiciales y administrativas. El proceso administrativo de restablecimiento de derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Colombia se rige por unas disposiciones especialísimas en razón de los sujetos a quienes va dirigido, la autoridad que lo preside y las normas de las diferentes ramas del derecho que lo regulan, por esto, para lograr el respeto a este derecho fundamental se debe prestar especial atención en todas las etapas que lo componen, la forma especial de notificaciones y en la manera y oportunidad para la presentación de recursos, teniendo en cuenta el enfoque diferencial que debe rodear siempre las decisiones judiciales y administrativas.
Antinomias, incongruencias en las leyes, la jurisprudencia y la doctrina militar aplicables al proceso de transformación del Ejército Nacional
Authors: VÁSQUEZ HINCAPIÉ DANIEL JOSÉ
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se pretende analizar e identificar la existencia de incongruencias o vacíos regulatorios en las leyes, la jurisprudencia y la doctrina militar que tengan aplicabilidad en el proceso de transformación de las Fuerzas Militares (especialmente, en el Ejército Nacional) y que puedan constituirse en antinomias o acercarse conceptualmente a ellas, en consideración a las diferencias entre los preceptos normativos objeto de análisis. Igualmente, aporta algunas sugerencias que se consideran viables para afrontar esas antinomias y poder transformarlas en retos que deben asumir el Ejército Nacional y las entidades que lo regulan.
Balancing State Sovereignty and Human Rights
Authors: Markovich Stephanie
Published: July 2020

To what extent are state officials held accountable for their actions? This essay will examine a specific aspect of this question, namely whether there is an exception to the general rule that the Head of State, Head of Government and Foreign Minister are immune from prosecution in another country’s national courts for serious international crimes. It will begin with a brief review of the relevant treaty provisions relating to immunity of state officials. Second, it will examine some pre-Arrest Warrant case law specifically on the issue of potential exceptions to the immunity rule for state officials. Third, it will review the Arrest Warrant Case, an ICJ decision that halted this trend and discuss some of the issues left unresolved by the decision. Fourth, it will review the ICJ’s discussion of immunity post-Arrest Warrant in Djibouti v. France. Finally, it will explore the concept of jus cogens and whether this could help reconcile the competing interests (state sovereignty and accountability for serious international crimes) at play in this issue. This essay will conclude that while the jus cogens nature of serious international crimes does not equate to an automatic carte blanche for removing immunity, it does strongly support the developing norm of limited exceptions to the general rule of immunity.
L’approche libérale de la consolidation de la paix
Authors: Descarries Chantal
Published: July 2020

Les changements structuraux internationaux qui marquèrent l’effondrement de l’Urss et la fin de la Guerre froide engendrèrent une croissance des conflits dits intra-étatiques. ceci complexifia grandement les interventions humanitaires et rendit « désuet » le type d’opération de maintien de la paix qui prévalait dans un contexte de conflits inter-étatiques.
Politique énergétique de la russie sous l’angle de l’impérialisme
Authors: Gelukashvili Irakli
Published: July 2020

Depuis l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, ayant plongé dans le chaos et l’anarchie l’espace postsoviétique, la russie est de retour sur la scène internationale en tant qu’un acteur majeur et incontournable. ce retour de la russie sur la scène internationale s’accentue notamment depuis la fin de « l’ère eltsine » avec l’établissement de « l’ère poutine ». Depuis, on assiste à une transformation graduelle de la russie passée d’un État affaibli, provoqué par l’effondrement de sa superpuissance militaire, à une « superpuissance énergétique ».