bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise da cultura organizacional na empresa SESI clínica em Mossoró/RN
Authors: Da Costa José Marcione , Da Silva Kennedy de Paiva , De Sousa Neto Pedro Balduino , Soares Francisco Igo Leite , De Morais Hugo Azevedo Rangel , E Silva Mariana Câmara Gomes , De Oliveira Auris Martins
Published: April 2023

Atualmente, a cultura organizacional tem sido um objeto de estudo que tem ganhado um grande espaço dentre o meio científico e acadêmico. Assim, diante da relevância do tema, objetivou-se neste artigo identificar a cultura organizacional predominante na empresa SESI Clínica, localizada na cidade de Mossoró, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, pode-se caracterizar esta pesquisa como um estudo de caso quanto aos procedimentos técnicos e como exploratório-descritivo quanto aos objetivos. Quanto ao processo, pode-se defini-lo como quantitativo. A população da pesquisa foi formada por 25 colaboradores, sendo que 20 foram pesquisados e compuseram a amostra do estudo. Os resultados da pesquisa mostraram que a tipologia cultural predominante na organização é a Cultura Clã, o que aponta para uma tendência de que a organização procura incentivar o trabalho em grupo e a participação efetiva das pessoas no processo de tomada de decisões.
As vitrines como agentes influenciadores no comportamento do consumidor e processo decisório de compra
Authors: Galvão Lucas Gabriel de Souza
Published: April 2023

O Mercado de consumo, principalmente o varejista é marcado por grande concorrência o que demanda esforços para atrair clientes até a praça de vendas. Nesse sentido, as vitrines podem ser utilizadas como estratégia de marketing. Nesse sentido, o estudo busca analisar o papel das vitrines como agente influenciador no comportamento do consumidor e no processo decisório de compra de clientes. Para isso, realizou-se pesquisa descritiva e explicativa, quantitativa com 100 clientes de um centro comercial de Mossoró-RN, que após análise, resultou-se num total de 87 questionários válidos. Inicialmente buscou-se construir um perfil dos entrevistados, onde predominou-se a existência de mulheres, na faixa etária de 25 a 35 anos, pessoas com ensino médio e com renda mensal entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos. A pesquisa mostrou também, a influência positiva da existência das vitrines que, ao proporcionar estímulos visuais pode atrair clientes até a praça de venda e influenciar no comportamento e na sua tomada de decisão ao consumo.
O marketing social frente à Pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: De Oliveira Elenilson Lima , Da Silva José Marconde Souza , Da Rocha Esterferson Gonçalves , Lemos João Roberto Rocha , Da Silva João Auricélio Sousa
Published: April 2023

Notório é que, ao longo de pouco mais de 100 anos, o marketing tem sofrido alterações, sobretudo na área conceitual, causando assim confusão no uso correto das expressões e utilização destas. Saber diferenciar o marketing societal do marketing social é importante para que estes sejam utilizados de forma a atingir os objetivos que lhes são propostos conceitualmente. O marketing societal tem seu foco na aceitação de um produto, enquanto o marketing social está voltado para uma causa que possa produzir uma mudança no comportamento social. Dada a problemática da pandemia que assolou o mundo, desde dezembro de 2019, nota-se a importância do marketing social no intento de provocar mudanças de comportamento dos cidadãos. Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo mostrar a importância do marketing social frente à pandemia de COVID-19. Ainda objetiva conceituar de forma clara marketing societal e marketing social, bem como mostrar a problemática social causada pelo novo coronavírus.
Desenvolvimento sustentável: uma proposta para descarbonização de frotas de veículos
Authors: Brito Filipe Cardoso , Saba Hugo , De Cristo Hélio Souza , Borges Toni , Araújo Marcio Luis Valença , Jorge Eduardo Manuel de Freitas , Nascimento Filho Aloísio Santos
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é propor um modelo para auxiliar a aquisição de frotas de veículos. A proposta baseia-se em utilizar características veiculares, tais como: níveis de emissões de poluentes, consumo energético, categoria veicular, transmissão e motorização. Idealizando um processo avaliativo com base na análise multicritério, que ajude à tomada de decisões no momento da aquisição de veículos considerando vários critérios. Com a finalidade de gerar listas de veículos que apoiam a escolha do consumidor, no que tange a descarbonização de frotas, contribuindo na redução dos impactos resultantes das emissões de gases nas grandes cidades.
Anaesthetic Management for Excision of Right Apical Carcinoma of Lung Encroaching in Thoracic Spine
Authors: Jadhav Jui Ashok , Mankhair Shrilekh Gajanan , Chakole Vivek
Published: April 2023

Airway management in thoracic surgeries is usually more difficult than in any other surgery. One Lung Ventilation (OLV) can be achieved for thoracic surgeries using various approaches like Double Lumen Tube (DLT), Bronchial Blockers (BB) and endobronchial tube. In BB, the procedure needs more precaution because of proneness to movement and displacement than DLT. In case of endobronchial tube, it is impossible to perform bronchoscopy, suction and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for isolated lung. The present case report is of a 40-year-old male patient, who presented with right intrathoracic tumour encroaching thoracic segment of spinal cord and underwent excision of tumour through thoracotomy and laminectomy approach. Left-sided 37 French DLT was used to achieve OLV. After placing DLT the proper placement was evaluated by bronchoscope.
Physiotherapy Interventions as an Adjunct Approach in Patients with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sharma Sunita , Chahal Aksh , Narula Harneet , Esht Vandana
Published: April 2023

Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is a major contributor in teenage and young female absenteeism following menstrual cramps and abdomen pain before and during their menstrual cycle. Prostaglandin secretion causes uterine muscles and blood arteries to contract. The discomfort is usually modest, but in some cases, it is so terrible that it prevents them from going to work for many days in a month without any social, psychological and physical activity. The purpose of this review was to assess impact of physiotherapy on psychological, social and physical wellbeing in patients with PD. Physiotherapy intervention without surgical management can improve psychological, physical and social wellbeing of PD patients. All articles incorporated in the review were reported to reduce the pain intensity and the frequency in PD. A healthier and more appropriate eating style, as well as more frequent physical activity can help school and college going females to avoid dysmenorrhea. Educational activities can help in raising awareness among young women about the importance of a healthy diet and physical activity. The present review concluded that physiotherapy treatment strategies are effective treatments for reducing pain and psychological effects on PD females. Conservative management by physiotherapy reduces intensity and frequency of pain, anxiety, depression, stress, poor sleep quality and improved quality of life in PD.
Impact of Nutrition Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on Nutri-farms to Farm Women
Authors: Ravi Y. , Shivashankar M. , Hanagi Chandrakala
Published: April 2023

The main focus of the study was to assess the impact of Nutrition Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practices on Nutri-Farms to Farm Women. Pre-tested schedule was used for data collection from farm women of Chamarajanagara district. The results revealed that regard to food consumption practices, after intervention low level of practice was reduced to 10 per cent; medium level were increased to 50 per cent and high level practice were increased to 40 per cent. The chi-square test results showed non-significant for Knowledge, attitude and practice of Group I and Group II (Knowledge-0.234NS). Intervention studies have shown a positive impact on knowledge, attitude and practices on Nutri-farms.
Clinical Manifestations Suggestive of Depression in Patients Served with Febrile Illness in Campo Grande (MS) and Dourados (Ms), Brazil
Authors: Vieira Hugo Miguel Ramos , Ramos Eliza Miranda , Tsuha Daniel Henrique , Gonçalves Christinne Cavalheiro Maymone , Croda Júlio Henrique Rosa
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In Brazil, a country with high temperatures, favorable to the development of the vector, the mosquito has already become a problem, not only because of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya, which plague some Brazilian regions.

Objectives: To identify patients assisted in Campo Grande (MS) and Dourados (MS) with febrile symptoms and their possible depressive symptoms.

Methodology: This is a cohort study with patients who obtained a proven clinical-epidemiological and laboratory diagnosis of Dengue (ELISA; qRT-PCR and NS1), treated at the SUS network in the cities of Campo Grande (MS) and Dourados (MS). The collection period was from 2018, starting from April to September 2019. The CES-D instrument was used to perform the possible diagnosis of depression.

Results: In the 115 participants positive for Dengue, a sample in V0 was verified with 63.5% who developed symptoms of depression. In period V14, patients positive for Dengue totaled 37.4% and these patients did not develop depression according to the sample of the instrument used and totaled 62.6%.

Discussion: It was possible to verify in this study that depression is a mood disorder whose symptom together brings suffering and, mainly, social and occupational damage to the analyzed sample.

Conclusion: There is a significant direct relationship between the number of patients who developed depression in the illness process of febrile illnesses.
Quetiapine and olanzapine misuse prevalence in a US general population sample
Authors: Evoy Kirk E , Humpert Shelby , Torrez Sorina , Hussein Haneen , Covvey Jordan R
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) are associated with misuse potential; however, there are limited data describing the prevalence and characteristics of this misuse. This study was conducted to identify and describe quetiapine and olanzapine misuse among US adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional survey questionnaire was conducted online using Qualtrics research panel aggregator service to identify a quota-based sample of respondents constructed to mimic the general US population aged 18 to 59 years, with regards to gender, geographic region, ethnicity, income, and education level. Misuse was defined as using quetiapine or olanzapine for treatment outside of medical recommendations, for reasons other than a diagnosed medical condition, or obtaining without a prescription. A logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with SGA misuse, incorporating relevant covariates.

Results

Among 1843 total respondents, 229 had a history of quetiapine or olanzapine use. Misuse prevalence was estimated to be 6.3% (95% CI: 5.2, 7.5%). Although most respondents (∼70%) using quetiapine or olanzapine reported doing so to treat a diagnosed medical condition, those misusing them most commonly did so because prescribed medications failed to relieve their symptoms. Misuse was commonly reported (∼50%) concomitantly with opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol. Factors significantly associated with quetiapine or olanzapine misuse included employment (OR = 4.64), previous substance use disorder treatment (OR = 2.48), and having riskier attitudes toward medication misuse (OR = 1.23).

Discussion

Misuse of quetiapine and olanzapine, while fairly limited in prevalence, appears to be primarily associated with under-treatment of existing medical conditions.
Psychotropic stewardship: Advancing patient care
Authors: Haight Robert J. , Di Polito Chelsea N. , Payne Gregory H. , Bostwick Jolene R. , Fulbright April , Lister Jonathan F. , Williams Andrew M.
Published: April 2023

Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists (BCPPs) practice in a variety of inpatient and outpatient health care settings as part of collaborative, multidisciplinary teams. The American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists (AAPP) has promoted the expansion of psychiatric pharmacy through the development of psychotropic stewardship programs (PSPs). Based on the standards developed during the creation and expansion of antimicrobial stewardship programs, psychotropic stewardship promotes the safe and appropriate use of psychotropic medications. AAPP envisions every patient with a psychiatric diagnosis will have their medication treatment plan reviewed, optimized, and managed by a psychotropic stewardship team with a psychiatric pharmacist as a co-leader. Because of variations in practice site resources, patient populations, and provider collaboration, the creation and implementation of PSPs should be based on site-specific needs and opportunities. Initial patient identification could prioritize those prescribed multiple medications, high-risk psychotropics, or comorbid medical diagnoses. However, every patient prescribed a psychotropic medication should have the opportunity to work with a PSP. Incremental implementation may be required during the planning stages of stewardship teams. Use of clinical practice-related core outcomes will allow for the optimization of program resources, increased recognition, and improved patient outcomes. PSPs should be patient-focused and integrate patients' preferences and access to recommended treatment options. The eventual goal of PSP implementation is official recognition by key regulatory agencies as a standard of care for patients who receive a diagnosis of a psychiatric or substance use disorder.
Pink, Dome-Shaped Papule of the Scalp in a Patient With Multiple Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Luu Yen , Seger Edward William , Wang Ting
Published: April 2023

A 74-year-old man with a history of multiple squamous cell carcinomas presents with a 5-mm bright pink, dome-shaped papule with overlying vessels at the crown of the scalp. What is your diagnosis?
Analysis of Anxiety or Depression and Long-term Mortality Among Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Lee Juncheol , Cho Yongil , Oh Jaehoon , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Ko Byuk Sung , Yoo Kyung Hun , Lee Sang Hwan
Published: April 2023

Importance

The recent American Heart Association guidelines added a sixth link in the chain of survival highlighting recovery and emphasized the importance of psychiatric outcome and recovery for survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among this population was higher than that in the general population.

Objective

To examine the prevalence of depression or anxiety and the association of these conditions with long-term mortality among individuals who survive OHCA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

A longitudinal population-based cohort study was conducted to analyze long-term prognosis in patients hospitalized for OHCA between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2015, who survived for 1 year or longer. Patients with cardiac arrest due to traumatic or nonmedical causes, such as injuries, poisoning, asphyxiation, burns, or anaphylaxis, were excluded. Data were extracted on depression or anxiety diagnoses in this population within 1 year from the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service and analyzed April 7, 2022, and reanalyzed January 19 to 20, 2023.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Follow-up data were obtained for up to 14 years, and the primary outcome was long-term cumulative mortality. Long-term mortality among patients with and without a diagnosis of depression or anxiety were evaluated.

Results

The analysis included 2373 patients; 1860 (78.4%) were male, and the median age was 53.0 (IQR, 44.0-62.0) years . A total of 397 (16.7%) patients were diagnosed with depression or anxiety, 251 (10.6%) were diagnosed with depression, and 227 (9.6%) were diagnosed with anxiety. The incidence of long-term mortality was significantly higher in the group diagnosed with depression or anxiety than in the group without depression or anxiety (141 of 397 [35.5%] vs 534 of 1976 [27.0%]; P = .001). With multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio of long-term mortality for total patients with depression or anxiety was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.17-1.70); depression, 1.44 (95% CI, 1.16-1.79); and anxiety, 1.20 (95% CI, 0.94-1.53).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, among the patients who experienced OHCA, those diagnosed with depression or anxiety had higher long-term mortality rates than those without depression or anxiety. These findings suggest that psychological and neurologic rehabilitation intervention for survivors of OHCA may be needed to improve long-term survival.
Development and treatment of colorectal cancer: Insights from multi‐kingdom microbiota
Authors: Hong Yue‐Mei , Song Dingka , Liu Ning‐Ning , Wang Hui
Published: April 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multistage and highly heterogeneous malignant disease that mostly occurred in aged people accompanied by microbiota alteration. Emerging evidence has uncovered the role of bacterial microbiota in the initiation and development of CRC. However, the effects of nonbacterial members inhabiting the human body, such as fungi, archaea, and viruses, have been largely ignored. The multi‐kingdom microbiota can be altered by dietary exposures and probiotic supplements. Furthermore, the efficacy of antitumor therapeutic strategies, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are also closely associated with the alteration of multi‐kingdom microbiota. In this review, we describe CRC‐associated multi‐kingdom microbiota dysbiosis and the role of daily diet on CRC progression through microbiota alteration. We then discuss the impact of microbiota in different CRC therapies and highlight the advances as well as challenges in understanding how multi‐kingdom microbiome impacts the outcome of CRC.
Modular Fabrication of Bioorthogonal Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Huang Rui , Hirschbiegel Cristina‐Maria , Lehot Victor , Liu Liang , Cicek Yagiz Anil , Rotello Vincent M.
Published: April 2023

The incorporation of transition metal catalysts (TMCs) into nanoscaffolds generates nanocatalysts that replicate key aspects of enzymatic behavior. The TMCs can access bioorthogonal chemistry unavailable to living systems. These bioorthogonal nanozymes can be employed as in situ “factories” for generating bioactive molecules where needed. The generation of effective bioorthogonal nanozymes requires co‐engineering of the TMC and the nanometric scaffold. This review presents an overview of recent advances in the field of bioorthogonal nanozymes, focusing on modular design aspects of both nanomaterial and catalyst and how they synergistically work together for in situ uncaging of imaging and therapeutic agents.
Monolithically Integrated PbS Colloidal Quantum Dot Photodetector Crossbar Array for Short‐Wavelength Infrared Imaging
Authors: Jiang Meng‐Ting , Yang Qian , Xu Jian‐Long , Yuan Yu , Zhang Jing‐Yue , Zhong Ya‐Nan , Gao Xu , Wang Sui‐Dong
Published: April 2023

Monolithically integrated pixels, with stacked PbS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) photodiodes and organic blocking diodes, are developed as the building block for constructing a short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR) crossbar imaging array. Arising from the back‐to‐back stacked configuration and a favorable energy level alignment, holes are blocked from the photodiode at zero and forward biases, which results in the normally‐OFF behavior of the pixels. Based on such device characteristics, the monolithically integrated pixels can effectively suppress electrical crosstalk under illumination in the crossbar array and consume nearly zero standby power. Furthermore, an 8×8 crossbar imaging array with both high imaging quality and low power consumption is achieved, which features as a high‐performance visible–SWIR imaging sensor.
High‐Quality CsAg2I3Microwires Grown by Spatial Confinement Method for Self‐Powered UV Photodetectors
Authors: Zhang Mengyao , Yan Jingjing , Ma Jingli , Wang Xiaoxia , Li Tianyu , Jiang Huifang , Ji Xinzhen , Wang Meng , Yang Ruoting , Liu Zibin , Qi Xiaofeng , Cheng Shanshan , Chen Xu , Shi Zhifeng
Published: April 2023

Recently, lead halide perovskites arouse intensive attentions in photoelectric fields owing to their low trap state density, high carrier mobility, large extinction coefficient, and low‐temperature solution processing technique. However, their future commercial development is severely hampered by the lead toxicity and instability. Although lead‐free metal‐halide perovskites recently have been extensively studied in optoelectronics, their low‐dimensional counterparts can further expand their novel optical and electronic properties for potential applications. In this work, the planar growth of one‐dimensional (1D) CsAg2I3 single‐crystal microwires (MWs) on diverse substrates by space‐confined method is reported. The growth kinetic process of CsAg2I3 single‐crystal MWs is elucidated by in situ observation. Furthermore, the CsAg2I3 single‐crystal MWs exhibit potential applications in ultraviolet light photodetectors as a photoactive layer. The fabricated heterojunction photodetector exhibits pronounced photoelectric performances working in self‐powered mode, including a specific detectivity of 2.09 × 108 Jones, a high responsivity of 26.5 mA W−1, and fast response speed of 258.43/289.32 ms under light illumination of 265 nm, due to the high crystallinity and effective photogenerated carrier transfer. This study provides a vital insight into the rational design of low‐dimensional perovskites for versatile optoelectronic applications.
Dynamically Generating Diverse Multi‐Beams with On‐Demand Polarizations through Space‐Time Coding Metasurface
Authors: Hu Qi , Yang Weixu , Wang Jiahao , Lu Xiangcheng , Zhao Junming , Jiang Tian , Chen Ke , Feng Yijun
Published: April 2023

Although metasurfaces have emerged as an inspiring platform for polarization optics, most of the existing designs merely support static performances or a few tunable polarization manipulations. Here, vectorial multi‐beam patterning with diverse on‐demand polarizations is demonstrated using space‐time‐varying programmable metasurface. By independently applying periodic space‐time‐varying modulation signals to tunable components of the proposed metasurface, a free combination of arbitrary amplitude and phase responses can be obtained for orthogonally polarized reflection properties, thus enacting the dynamic control of diverse polarization channels and scattering patterns. As exemplary demonstrations, a series of dynamic vectorial far‐field beam patterning are experimentally verified in the microwave region. The proposed concept and method may provide a new platform for advanced electromagnetic wave regulation, which may have potentials in applications of encryption optical/wireless communication, stereoscopic imaging and quantum state tomography.
Local Sensing of Absolute Refractive Index During Protein‐Binding using Microlasers with Spectral Encoding
Authors: Caixeiro Soraya , Kunstmann‐Olsen Casper , Schubert Marcel , Hill Joseph , Barnard Isla R. M. , Simmons Matthew D. , Johnson Steven , Gather Malte C.
Published: April 2023

Multiplexed, specific, and sensitive detection of antigens is critical for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of disease and the informed development of personalized treatment plans. Here, it is shown that polymer microsphere lasers can be used as photonic sensors to monitor and quantify direct surface binding of biomolecules via changes in the refractive index. The unique spectral signature of each individual laser can be used to find their size and effective refractive index which adds a new encoding dimension when compared to conventional fluorescent beads. Antibody‐functionalized microlasers selectively detect protein binding, as demonstrated for Immunoglobulin G and C‐reactive protein, and have the ability to resolve different stages of the multilayer surface modification. Moreover, by continuously monitoring single lasers, the possibility of real‐time monitoring of binding dynamics between antigens in solution phase and the immobilized antibodies is demonstrated. For multiplexed detection, the microlasers are employed in a flow cytometer configuration, with fast spectral detection and identification of microlasers with and without antigen binding. It is envisioned that by combining microlasers with well‐established surface modification chemistries and flow geometries, the multiplexing ability of microbead immunoassays can be strongly increased while also opening avenues for single‐cell profiling within heterogeneous cell populations.
Threading a decolonial feminist response to COVID‐19: One community psychologist's reflection on the assemblages of violence
Authors: Fernández Jesica Siham
Published: April 2023

To challenge and interrogate the assemblages of violence produced by racial capitalism, and exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic, community psychologists must engage in a transdisciplinary critical ethically reflexive practice. In this reflexive essay, or first‐person account, I offer a decolonial feminist response to COVID‐19 that draws strength from the writings of three women of Color decolonial and postcolonial feminist thinkers: Gloria E. Anzaldúa, Sylvia Wynter, and Arundhati Roy. Through their writings I share my reflections on the sociopolitical moment associated with COVID‐19. Of importance, I argue in support of engaging a decolonial feminist standpoint to understand the inequitable and dehumanizing conditions under COVID‐19, and the possibilities for transformative justice. I offer this reflexive essay with the intention of summoning community psychology and community psychologists to look toward transdisciplinarity, such as that which characterizes a decolonial standpoint and feminist epistemologies. Writings oriented toward imagination, relationality, and borderland ways of thinking that are outside, in‐between or within, the self and the collective “we” can offer valuable guidance. The invitation toward a transdisciplinary critical ethically reflexive practice calls us to bear witness to movements for social justice; to leverage our personal, professional and institutional resources to support communities in struggle. A decolonial feminist standpoint guided by the words of Anzaldúa, Wynter, and Roy can cultivate liberatory conditions that can materialize as racial freedom, community wellbeing, and societal thriving.
Determinants of physician assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis disease control using EPOS 2020 criteria and the importance of incorporating patient perspectives of disease control
Authors: Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Caradonna David S. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Franzese Christine , Gray Stacey T. , Halderman Ashleigh A. , Hopkins Claire , Kuan Edward C. , Lee Jivianne T. , McCoul Edward D. , O'Brien Erin K. , Pletcher Steven D. , Pynnonen Melissa A. , Wang Eric W. , Wise Sarah K. , Woodworth Bradford A. , Yao William C. , Phillips Katie M.
Published: April 2023

Background

We identify chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) manifestations associated with how rhinologists assess CRS control, with a focus on patient perspectives (patient‐reported CRS control).

Methods

Fifteen rhinologists were provided with real‐world data from 200 CRS patients. Participating rhinologists first classified patients’ CRS control as “controlled,” “partly controlled,” and “uncontrolled” using seven CRS manifestations reflecting European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) CRS control criteria (nasal obstruction, drainage, impaired smell, facial pain/pressure, sleep disturbance, use of systemic antibiotics/corticosteroids in past 6 months, and nasal endoscopy findings) and patient‐reported CRS control. They then classified patients’ CRS control without knowledge of patient‐reported CRS control. Interrater reliability and agreement of rhinologist‐assessed CRS control with patient‐reported CRS control and EPOS guidelines were determined.

Results

CRS control classification with and without knowledge of patient‐reported CRS control was highly consistent across rhinologists (κw = 0.758). Rhinologist‐assessed CRS control agreed with patient‐reported CRS control significantly better when rhinologists had knowledge of patient‐reported CRS control (κw = 0.736 vs. κw = 0.554, p < 0.001). Patient‐reported CRS control, nasal obstruction, drainage, and endoscopy findings were most strongly associated with rhinologists’ assessment of CRS control. Rhinologists’ CRS control assessments weakly agreed with EPOS CRS control guidelines with (κw = 0.529) and without (κw = 0.538) patient‐reported CRS control. Rhinologists classified CRS as more controlled than EPOS guidelines in almost 50% of cases.

Conclusions

This study directly demonstrates the importance of patient‐reported CRS control as a dominant influence on rhinologists’ CRS control assessment. Knowledge of patient‐reported CRS control may better align rhinologists’ CRS control assessments and treatment decisions with patients’ perspectives.
A glycan epitope correlates with tau in serum and predicts progression to Alzheimer's disease in combination with APOE4 allele status
Authors: Zhou Robin Ziyue , Vetrano Davide Liborio , Grande Giulia , Duell Frida , Jönsson Linus , Laukka Erika J , Fredolini Claudia , Winblad Bengt , Tjernberg Lars , Schedin‐Weiss Sophia
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION

There is an urgent need for novel blood biomarkers for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously showed that levels of the bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine glycan epitope was elevated in cerebrospinal fluid in AD. However, its diagnostic value in blood is unknown.

METHODS

We analyzed blood levels of bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine and total tau in a retrospective cohort of 233 individuals. Progression to AD was compared between the groups using Cox regression. The predictive value of the biomarkers was determined by logistic regression.

RESULTS

Bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine correlated with tau levels (p < 0.0001). Individuals with an intermediate tau/bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine ratio had elevated AD risk (hazard ratio = 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–3.6). Moreover, a combined model including tau/bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine ratio, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status, and Mini‐Mental State Examination score predicted future AD (area under the curve = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68–0.93).

DISCUSSION

Bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine in combination with tau is a valuable blood biomarker for predicting AD.
Development of bio‐based magnesium phosphate flame retardant for simultaneously improved flame retardancy, smoke suppression and mechanical properties of HDPE
Authors: Feng Xi , Wang Zhengyu , Ma Hongli , Dang Bo , Li Jianxi
Published: April 2023

In this article, MHPA, a novel bio‐based flame retardant, was prepared by a reaction of magnesium hydroxide (MH) and phytic acid (PA). Then, MHPA was added into high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) to prepare flame‐retardant HDPE composite. This work aims to add MHPA into HDPE to flame‐retardant HDPE composites by melt blending to significantly reduce the smoke and toxic gases produced during combustion. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimeter test (CCT) results show that the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of HDPE can be improved by the mixture of MHPA and MH. The LOI of HDPE/MHPA/MH was 26.3%, and its peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) values decreased by 38.6%, 27.3%, and 65.2%, respectively, compared with pure HDPE. In addition, HDPE/MHPA/MH composites have significant tensile strength, elongation breaking strength, and tear strength because of the interface compatibility of bio‐based MHPA. Therefore, this study verified that the flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and mechanical properties of HDPE composites could be effectively improved when MHPA and MH are added to HDPE simultaneously.
“Mica/silicate glass frit‐armored skeleton” in PDMS composite foam for improving fire‐proofing performance
Authors: Xu Yaozong , Zhao Dong , Fang Xianli , Jiang Guodong , Shen Yucai , Wang Tingwei
Published: April 2023

It remains challenging to give polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam high fire‐proofing performance through scalable strategies and economical methods. Herein, a novel PDMS composite foam with good flame retardancy and simultaneously excellent thermal insulation performance and fire‐proofing properties under prolonged flame attack was developed through constructing “mica/silicate glass frit (SGF)‐armored skeleton” by one pot method. The prepared composite foams can resist above 1000°C flame without disintegration and still maintain excellent thermal insulation properties due to the formation of porous ceramic framework. The tensile strength and compressive strength at strain of 25% were also increased significantly by 265% and 221%, respectively. This strategy of constructing an inorganic filler‐armored skeleton structure in PDMS composite foam opens up new prospects to fabricate fire‐proofing PDMS composite foam with impressive high temperature resistance and good mechanical properties.
Excision of massive left branchial cleft cyst with secondary hypertension
Authors: Shaikh Noah , Ibrahim‐Shaikh Sara , Alshaikhnasser Esra , Kukkala Saadhana , Stevens Levi , Chung Jeffson
Published: April 2023

Branchial anomalies are heterogeneous congenital malformations that form secondary to incomplete closure of pharyngeal clefts and pouches. There have been no reports of branchial cleft cysts causing carotid artery compression and hypertension. We report a large branchial cleft cyst causing suspected secondary hypertension from carotid artery compression.
Enhancing Coke Resistance of Mg1–xNixAl2O4 Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane via a Doping‐Segregation Strategy
Authors: Sun Xiaohang , Wang Yaning , Yan Binhang
Published: April 2023

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is an important reaction to utilize two greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) simultaneously and produce syngas (CO and H2) for the manufacture of downstream high‐value chemicals. One of the major obstacles to preventing the commercialization of Ni‐based catalysts in DRM is the serious coking problem. This work develops a doping‐segregation method to manipulate the active metal structure and metal‐support interaction of Mg1–xNixAl2O4 catalysts to enhance their coke resistance for DRM. The Mg1–xNixAl2O4 catalysts prepared via the sol‐gel method exhibit outstanding coke resistance: the coke deposition rate of supported catalyst Ni/MgAl2O4 is 326 times higher than that of the Mg0.7Ni0.3Al2O4 catalyst at 600 °C. The Ni structure and metal‐support interaction of Mg1–xNixAl2O4 catalysts have been systematically studied using various characterization. Combined with the temperature‐programmed surface reaction (TPSR) experiments, the enhanced coke resistance of Mg1–xNixAl2O4 catalysts is attributed to smaller Ni particles, higher Ni dispersion, and stronger metal‐support interaction, which significantly inhibit the direct dissociation of CH4 and promote the oxidation of formed coke. The findings of this work provide insights into the correlation between the enhanced coke resistance and the Ni structure of Mg1–xNixAl2O4 catalysts synthesized via the doping‐segregation strategy using spinel as the precursor, leading to a stable catalyst design for many dry reforming reactions.
Hierarchical‐linked batch‐to‐batch optimization based on transfer learning of synthesis process
Authors: Chu Fei , Wang Haoran , Wang Jiachen , Jia Runda , He Dakuo , Wang Fuli
Published: April 2023

In this work, a hierarchical‐linked batch‐to‐batch optimization based on transfer learning is proposed to realize the effective optimization of a new synthesis process. Optimization efficiency is especially crucial for batch processes to improve the product quality and maximize the economic benefits. The traditional hierarchical optimization method can achieve a better effect, but it may lead to low efficiency since it requires more iterations. To further improve the optimization efficiency of a new batch process with high operational cost, a hierarchical‐linked batch‐to‐batch optimization based on transfer learning is proposed in this work. By introducing the linkage between hierarchies, the available information transmitting between hierarchies is addressed to assist and accelerate the modelling and optimization process. A performance assessment criterion based on the prior knowledge of similar processes is also proposed to further improve the optimization effect. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified through a simulation study of the cobalt oxalate synthesis process.
Geodiversity as a potential indicator of stream health in ecological quality assessment systems
Authors: Stefanidis Konstantinos , Karaouzas Ioannis , Oikonomou Anthi , Smeti Evangelia , Kouvarda Theodora , Latsiou Anna , Vourka Aikaterini , Dimitriou Elias
Published: April 2023

Stream geodiversity is a novel concept that is used to describe the variety of geological, geomorphological and hydrological features at a reach‐scale level. In this study, we investigated the relationship between geodiversity and ecological indicators based on fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates and diatoms used for the ecological classification of rivers in line with the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC. We examined whether geodiversity can be used as a proxy indicator of ecological quality, and we further tested if geodiversity can explain a significant amount of taxa richness variation. We hypothesized that undisturbed or minimally disturbed rivers will be more hydrologically and geomorphologically diverse, and as such, the ecological quality of streams will improve with geodiversity. We also attempted to quantify the probability of achieving ‘good’ ecological quality in relation to geodiversity levels through ordinal regression analysis. Although we did not find a significant relationship between geodiversity and taxonomic richness for any of the three freshwater groups, our results showed positive effects of geodiversity on all three ecological indicators. We also found that the likelihood of achieving the WFD target increases significantly with higher geodiversity. Our findings indicate that geodiversity can potentially serve as a proxy of ecological quality and highlight the need to consider the inclusion of geodiversity measures in ecological quality assessment systems.
Detailed studies on employing fish canning waste as a partial alternative in a research diesel engine: Waste to energy initiation
Authors: Devarajan Yuvarajan , Munuswamy Naresh Babu , Subbiah Ganesan , Hariharan Gajendiran
Published: April 2023

This research aims to utilize the energy available from fish canning waste (FCW) as a partial alternative. The fuel is chemically modified to fish canning waste methyl ester (FCWME) by acid‐catalytic transesterification process and blended with diesel at 10%, 20% and 30% volume. The engine utilized in this study is slightly modified by engaging exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to lower the nitrous oxide (NO) emission of oxygen‐rich fuel blends. Performance tests demonstrated that the FCW/diesel blends show similar patterns to diesel. Higher fuel consumption of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.04 kg/kWh was noted by including FCWME by 10%, 20% and 30% by volume. Power losses of about 1.4%, 1.9% and 2.1% were experienced by blending 10%, 20% and 30% volumes of FCWME with diesel. Conversely, the tailpipe emissions, namely smoke, CO and HC emissions, lowered by 3.7%, 0.017% and 21 ppm, with 117 ppm elevated NO emissions for the FCWME/diesel blends than diesel. The test results revealed that the NO emissions from all test fuels lowered drastically during 10%–30% EGR; 91 ppm reduction in NO emissions was observed at a 30% EGR rate, with a slight increase in other regulated emissions. Considering the encouraging impacts on the environment and improved fuel combustion pattern, FCW biofuel shall be employed as a likely and fractional alternative to diesel fuel.
Post‐secondary student transitions and mental health: Literature review and synthesis
Authors: Curtis Ashley , Bearden Anomi , Turner Jamie Prowse
Published: April 2023

Waning mental health and resilience in the post‐secondary student population is a growing concern across North American institutions, these concerns have only been compounded further by the added stressors associated with the COVID 19 pandemic. Transitioning into post‐secondary brings with it a variety of interpersonal and intrapersonal challenges that often reciprocally influence each other (e.g., moving away from existing social support networks, forming new relationships, increased responsibility, and financial independence, increased academic expectations, etc.). Successful adaptation to such challenges is equally influenced by demographic (e.g., impacts of gender, sexuality, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) and institutional factors (e.g., the provision and efficacy of health‐related services and programming on campus). A thorough literature review and synthesis was conducted examining post‐secondary student mental health. Attention was given to post‐secondary mental health, help seeking, demographic, and institutional characteristics. The scope of this literature review focused on the North American context. Future directions for research and practice are drawn from the findings. Institutions need to focus on initiatives intended to improve campus climate and service utilization amongst their students. Health care providers, administrators, and educators are challenged to provide evidence‐based, health‐related services that meet the unique needs of their student population.
Echocardiographic assessment of left cardiac structure and function in antiretroviral therapy (ART)‐naïve people living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Hu Xing , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Tong , Li Weihua , Han Jing , Zhang Xuhui , Meng Fankun
Published: April 2023

Background

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV‐negative people. Left heart dysfunction is the most common cardiac complication in people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (PLWHA), and diastolic dysfunction is an important predictor of cardiovascular events. The aims of this study were (1) to detect changes in left cardiac structure and function in antiretroviral therapy (ART)‐naive PLWHA using echocardiography; and (2) to investigate the risk factors for the development of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in ART‐naive PLWHA.

Methods

We retrospectively included 105 ART‐naïve PLWHA and included 90 healthy subjects as controls to compare the differences in left heart structure and function between the two groups. Univariate and multifactorial logistic regression were employed to explore the risk factors of the development of LVDD in ART‐naive PLWHA.

Results

The left ventricular end‐diastolic internal diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were significantly greater in PLWHA than in controls (p < .05). The E/A ratio, lateral e′ velocity, and mitral deceleration time were significantly lower in PLWHA than in controls (p < .05). Average E/e′ ratio was significantly higher in PLWHA than in controls (p < .05). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were not significantly different between PLWHA and controls (p > .05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), and CD4+ count <200 cells/μL were independent risk factors for LVDD in ART‐naive PLWHA (OR = 1.781, 1.228, 3.683, p < .05).

Conclusions

Left ventricular systolic function did not differ between PLWHA and controls, and left ventricular diastolic function was lower in PLWHA than in controls. Age, BMI, and CD4+ count were independent factors affecting LVDD in ART‐naive PLWHA.
Study on the correlation between mineral bone metabolism and CRP in patients with SHPT during perioperative period
Authors: Yan Lei , Xiong Qiuyue , Xu Qin , Ren Pengru , Li Tiantian , Cao Huixia , Shao Fengmin
Published: April 2023

Objective

This study mainly observes changes in perioperative mineral bone metabolism‐related indicators and inflammatory factors in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), and analyzed the correlation between mineral bone metabolism‐related indicators and inflammatory factors.

Methods

Clinical data were collected. The study detects mineral bone metabolism‐related indicators and inflammatory factor of perioperative patients with SHPT before and 4 days after operation. The production of high‐sensitivity c‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) in human hepatocytes cells (LO2 cells) stimulated by different concentrations of parathyroid hormone‐associated protein was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and western blot.

Results

The levels of mineral bone metabolism‐related indicators and hs‐CRP in SHPT group were significantly higher than those of control group. After operation, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, iPTH, FGF‐23 decreased, and the level of osteoblast active biomarkers increased, while the level of osteoclast active biomarkers decreased. The levels of hs‐CRP decreased significantly after operation. With the increase of PTHrP concentration, hs‐CRP level in supernatant of LO2 cells decreased first and then increased. RT‐PCR and western blot shows the same trend.

Conclusion

Parathyroidectomy can significantly improve bone resorption and inflammation in SHPT patients. We speculate that there may be an optimal range of PTH concentrations to minimize inflammation in the body.
Crystal Structures of Diaryl Hydrazone and Sulfone Stabilizers in Complex with an Amyloidogenic Light Chain Reveal an Alternate Ligand‐Binding Cavity
Authors: Yan Nicholas L. , Wilson Ian A. , Kelly Jeffery W.
Published: April 2023

Stabilization of amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chains (LCs) by binding of small molecule “kinetic stabilizers” is under development as a novel treatment for light chain amyloidosis. From a high‐throughput screen, we previously identified 16 full‐length (FL) LC stabilizers from five distinct chemotypes. We then obtained structural biological information on two classes of hits, coumarins and hydantoins, revealing that both chemotypes bind to a pocket at the VL−VL interface of the FL LC dimer. Here, we report crystal structures of three screening hits from two other chemotypes, diaryl hydrazones and sulfones, in complex with an amyloidogenic FL LC. While two of these hits bind to the previously identified pocket, one diaryl hydrazone binds to a different pocket bisected by the C2 symmetry axis of the dimer. These data further expand on the FL LC stabilizer‐binding surface that could be used in design of more potent FL LC aggregation inhibitors.
The Challenge of Enabling Dynamic Innovation with Rigor
Authors: Frederick John , Higgins Columb , Moore Angela
Published: April 2023

How do we incubate and accelerate innovation? This article examines lessons learned from recent Verification and Validation (V&V) summits and Technical Interchange Meetings (TIMs) held by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) V&V Strategies and Practices Branch, which explored the challenges of being agile and dynamic (in step with the pace of technology) while being effectively systematic and rigorous.