bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of open and closed treatments of displaced sub condylar fractures
Authors: Jamil AbdulRazzak Najwa , Abdulaziz Issa Sabah
Published: January 2024

Background:The treatment of condylar process fractures has generated a great deal of discussion and controversy in oral and maxillofacial trauma and there are many different methods to treat this injury.Aim of study:To evaluate the methods of treatment of displaced condylar fractures, open or closed and pointing out their indications and contraindication. Materials and methodes:Forty patients (20-50 years old) were selected with displaced sub condylar fractures unilateral or bilateral from January 2009 to September 2009. All patients were treated in maxillofacial unit,  hospital of specialized surgery, in Medical City, Bagdad. This study protocol involves all the types of displacement of sub condylar regionwhich can be diagnosed clinically and plain x-ray.By using all of above whether can evaluate the patients if need surgical or functional treatment (only mandibulo maxillary fixation).Results:In our study we classified the displaced sub condylar fracture according to Row 1982 classification and we found the high percentage was medially displaced. We treated 12 patients from 40 patients surgically and 28 patients functionally and we found some of complications with the patients who were treated surgically as infection and visible scar, while the complications of displaced subcondylar fractures which are treated functionally are deviation during mouth opening, temporo mandibular joint pain, asymmetry of face and malocclusion.Conclusion:With difficulties of follow up, for those patients with displaced sub condylar fractures which cannot be treated functionally (MMF) or still malocclusion evenly after using elastic band in MMF we preferred the open reduction with internal rigid fixation by extra oral approach.
Biological activity of 5-benzylidene thiobarbituric acid derivative against some bacteria isolated from burns infections
Authors: Jasim Al-Shamarti Mohammed , Hassoon Mageed Ahmed , Idaan Mushin Muslim
Published: January 2024

A total of fifty (50) samples were collected from burn infections from AL-Sader Medical City in Alnajaf Alashraf during the period from the 24th of January to the 4th of April . Different percentages of different bacteria were noted as follows , Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the highest percentage about 33% followed by Ps. florescence 8( 16 %) , both E.coli & Klebsiella Sp comprised 6 (12%) ,and Aeromonas sp was the lowest ratio comprising 2% . The most bacteria appeared resistance to antibiotics, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be resistant to most of the therapeutic agents. In this paper a synthesis of 5-benzylidene thiobarbituric acid derivative have been described. The route of preparation involved the uses of thiobarbituric acid as starting material and treated with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde compound to give required derivative this compound have been identified by a spectroscopic method like H-NMR, IR and CHNS analysis and also by measuring its melting point.A simple synthetic route for 5-(4- dimethylaminobenzylidene)thiobarbituric acid by the condensation reaction of 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde with thiobarbituric acid in water without catalyst is described. The results revealed that proteus sp. was affected by chemical model more than the other bacteria , increasing the concentration of the compound increases the inhibition zone .also bacteria Klebseilla sp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. affected by compound model ,but bacteria Staphylococcus arueus was not affected by any concentration of compound. The aim of of this study was to determine the model of chemical compounds effect on the growth of some bacteria isolated from buruns in vitro.
Total antioxidant in term ferric reducing ability of plasma in pregnant with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: A.Al-Zamily Ajile , A.Jaber Ferdous , Al-Ksweny Tagreed
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was assessment of total antioxidant status(TAS) in the second trimester pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM); impaired gestational diabetes mellitus (IGDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Increased free radical activity in gestational diabetes (GDM) can lead to a host of damaging and degenerative maternal and fetal complications. Hence antioxidant levels in the term ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) of GDM could be given. 30 pregnant women in second trimester were evaluated in this study. They were divided in to three groups 10 pregnant having normal glucose tolerance (NGT group), 10 pregnant having impaired gestational diabetes mellitus (IGDM group ), and 10 pregnant having newly diagnosis gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM group) . Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were estimated, in addition to BMI. The changes in FRAP in GDM was significantly different from controls. Hence, elevated glucose levels can induce oxidative stress in GDM. The average concentrations of total antioxidant in term FRAP were ( 414.7, 452.73, 858.4)Î¼mole/L for NGT, IGDM, and GDM respectively. In this study there was a significant correlation( R2 =0.4685) between BMI (KG/M2) and serum glucose (mg/dl) after 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (2-OGTT). The influence of plasma glucose level in the second trimester pregnant women with GDM or IGDM on the level of plasma antioxidant status (TAS) was also conducted in addition to the correlation between plasma glucose level and total antioxidant status in pregnant women with IGDM or GDM. The research was conducted at AL-Diwaniya Governorate, Al- Qadisiya university, College of medicine, department of clinical chemistry.
Study of BRCA1 gene expression in breast cancer in relation to some clinicopathological parameters in Al-Diwanyia city by immunohistochemistry
Authors: Baqer Hussein Al-Harmooshy Maather
Published: January 2024

Background: Breast cancer causes major part of cancer deaths in women and is increasing in incidence. The tumor suppressor gene, BRCA1 has been conferred to increase the susceptibility to breast cancer. We aimed to determine the significance of BRCA1 gene expression in relation to other prognostic factors. Materials and methods: 45 patients with positive family history of breast cancer were selected from Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital / department of pathology for the study. A control group of 10 healthy subjects were also included. BRCA1 expression was assessed and correlated with age, family history , histological type and grade of breast cancer.

Results: BRCA1 was found in 9 patients 'samples (20% of the breast cancer tissues) while remaining patients (80%) were negative as well as the control group. A positive significant relationship was demonstrated between BRCA1 expression and high histological grade, age of the patient and family history and A significant negative correlation was found between BRCA1 expression and type of the tumor.Conclusion: The study demonstrated the lack of BRCA1 gene expression in the majority of breast cancer cases and confirmed the relationship between BRCA1 expression and parameters that determine the poor prognosis in breast cancer .
Epidemiological variation in acute appendicitis regarding incidences and causes
Authors: Taher Abbas AL-Baaj Hussein
Published: January 2024

This study in epidemiology and causes of acute appendicitis in our city ( aldywania) to show the difference in the incidence and causes and complications of the disease in comparison with international study. Material and methodies: prospective study collect 140 cases of approved appendicitis randomly during two years .Results: 64 cases are between 13- 25 years and half of them are males while the incidence of males in above 25 years 38 of total 55 cases. 36 cases of obstruction are cause by fibrosis while 32 cases are cause by fecolith. 14 cases are perforated.

Discussion: Our study show difference in incidence of disease in that it is common in males above 25 year and below 12 years about more than 70% of cases are males while equal incidence between males and females between 12 -25 years paradoxical to international study. Also show the fibrosis of previous attacks is the commonest causes of obstructed type in age above 30 years and fecolith is second to it which is the commonest cause of obstructive appendicitis in the international study. Recurrent appendicitis form about 27% of causes so it is good practice to operate in all cases of acute appendicitis whatever it is mild to prevent more sever attack of recurrence due to obstruction induce by fibrosis.Conclusion: 27% of cases are recurrent and the commonest cause of obstruction is old fibrosis and the disease is more common in males in age after 30 years and before 12 years. 10% of cases complicated by perforation mainly in children.
Pattern of congenital heart disease in newborn in Al-Diwaniyah maternity and children teaching hospital
Authors: Muhammed Hussain Abbas , Jabbar Hussain Adel , Kayon Hmood Qahtan
Published: January 2024

Background:CHD in the newborn is a problematic disease that need thorough investigation and may need urgent intervention.Objective:To review the pattern of CHD in newborns in Al- Diwaniyah city and to establish the relationship between CHD and certain parameters like sex,and consanguinity Patients and Methods: The study started at 1st of June 2008 till the 1st of January 2010 ,all newborn babies with suspected CHD were included in this study and undergo thorough history with specific attention on prenatal ,natal and postnatal history also questionnaire including sex ,full term or preterm delivery ,any previously affected sibling with CHD, the degree of consanguinity between the parents ,order of the patient in his family , then perfect general and cardiovascular system examination were performed to detect any other congenital or evidence of chromosomal abnormalities .Sixty seven neonates were enrolled in this study (7 of them were excluded because of prematurity)and 60 neonate were evaluated by chest Xray, electrocardiograph, and echocardiography which done by expert pediatric cardiologist.Results :In this study we found that acyanotic CHD is more common than cyanotic type with VSD is accounting about 35% of cases followed by PDA 26.6% and then ASD 8.3% and TOF 8.3% ,also the study show that asymptomatic murmur is the commonest presentations of CHD in the newborn and consanguinity may be a risk factor.Conclusion: Early detection of CHD is very important for proper management so proper clinical examination and expert echocardiography is considered a gold standard for the diagnosis of CHD .Two dimensions echocardiography is also essential for the diagnosis special cardiac center should be established in our region (AL-Diwaniah)in order to manage the patient effectively without delay that may affect the out- come of the disease.
Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida albicans isolated from neonatal thrush infections in Iraq
Authors: Mahmood Ali Samaka Haydar , Hamad Al-Hamadani Adnan , Muhsen Al-Muhana Ali
Published: January 2024

Thrush was an important problem in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) in all the world and also in our hospitals. So, this study come to focused on genotyping and antifungal susceptibility to the 22 isolates of Candida albicans obtained from thrush babies in (NICU) in Al-Zahra educational Hospital, an-Najaf governorate, Iraq. From February to August 2010, 33 cases of thrush were tested. A total of 25(75.75%) Candida isolates were obtained, only 22(66.6%) isolates were identified as Candida albicans and the others 3(9%) isolates were identified as Candida other than albicans. The genotyping of the transposable intron region of C. albicans strains showed that 21(95.45%) isolates belonged to the genotype A and 1 (4.54%) isolates belonged to the genotype B. Antifungal sensitivity test show no resistant to Amphotericin-B, while 3(13.63%) isolates showed cross resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole, while one(4.54%) isolates showed cross resistant to fluconazole and ketoconazole.
Patterns of use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric patients
Authors: Nasir Hussain Kareem
Published: January 2024

Background: The benzodiazepine has been one of the most commonly used drugs in psychiatry and general medicine because benzodiazepine have multifaceted actions like pain killing, antiepileptic and others therefore increasing the abuse of these drugs.Objectives (Aims): The aim of the study is to show the indications for benzodiazepine as in psychiatric patients, and to clarify some of the risks and hazards of their use in general.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study that enrolled 300 patients who had been admitted in three centres including Ibn-Rushid Teaching Hospital For Mental Illness, Al-Rashad Mental Hospital and Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Psychiatric Unit, during period between 1st of May 2011-20st of March 2012 because of different psychiatric illness.Result: This study revealed that 66% patients are male and the majority of patients for whom benzodiazepines were prescribed during their stay in hospital are depression (38%). Also this study revealed majority of patients whom benzodiazepines were prescribed for first admission to psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric unit in general hospital.Conclusion: This study proved that the effect of drug benzodiazepine up on an individual is complex interacting. There are many variables involved such as their pharmacological actions, unwanted effects and interactions with other drugs. We should not prescribe drugs in divided daily dose in those instances where once-daily dose offers advantages.
Glycemic Control, Serum Leptin and Lipid Profile in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Effect of Initial Two Months Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Thanoon Imad , Abed-Alelah Aded- Alrahman Aseel
Published: January 2024

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) on glycemic control (fasting serum glucose "FSG", serum insulin, C-peptide and insulin resistance), serum leptin and lipid profile (total cholesterol 'Tc', triglyceride "TG", low density lipoprotein cholesterol "LDL-C", high density lipoprotein cholesterol "HDL-C" and atherogenic index AI) and to evaluate the effects of intensive 2-months anti-tuberculosis therapy on these parameters in comparison to healthy controls.

Methods:Forty three patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from the Advisory Clinic for Chest and Pulmonary Diseases in Mosul City were included in this study, with 40 apparently healthy age and sex matched subjects as controls. Assessment of serum concentration of FSG, C-peptide, serum insulin levels and insulin resistance, with serum leptin and lipid profile were done for the patients and controls. After two months with intensive anti- TB therapy (isoniozid "INH" 75 mg, rifampicin 150mg, pyrazinamide 400mg and ethambutol 275mg) 4 tablets as a single dose in the morning with vitamin B6 10mg daily, the same parameters were reassessed for the patients. Body mass index were calculated for both the patients and control using especial equation.

Results:With the exception of body mass index (BMI), there was insignificant differences with regard the parameters of glycemic control, serum leptin and parameters of lipid profile between newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary TB in the pre-therapy stage and healthy controls. After 2 months of therapy, there was a significant increase in BMI, serum leptin and serum TG with insignificant differences in the other parameters under study.Conclusion: In this study active pulmonary TB as a disease did not affect parameters that represent glycemic controls, serum leptin and lipid profile. Intensive 2-months therapy with anti-TB drugs brings about a significant increase in BMI, serum leptin and TG with insignificant effect on glycemic control, and other parameters of lipid profile.
Epidemiology Of Diarrheal Diseases in Children Below 5 Years in Wassit Province
Authors: H. Shemal Aseel
Published: January 2024

Diarrheal diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. We have analyzed distribution of diarrhea in children under five years of age who resided in rural or urban environments but attended Al_Karama hospital in Al_Kut city in Wassit. In this study we have found that diarrheal disease is more common in family that their parents illiterate, there is a peak incidence at1-2 years old. The disease more in infant who use bottle feeding than in those who feed on breast of their mothers and those with mixed type of feeding.The incidence of the disease is greater in children whose mothers use tap water for feeding. As for the Residence of the parents of these children, the occurrence of the condition is nearly equal between urban and rural regions.There is no significant difference between male and female.Conclusion: During this study, important environmental risk factors were recognized. Endangered groups and mothers with children under 5 years old should be aware of these risk factors in order to prevent their children's diseases. Prevention of acute diarrhea in children can reduce massive detriments to health system.
Study of The relationship between uric acid level and some lipid profile for heart disease patients in Alnasseriya city
Authors: Rissan Naif Wesam
Published: January 2024

The present study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between uric acid level and some lipid profile for heart disease patients in Alnasseriya city in the sera samples of (75) patients, in addition to control group involving (45) apparently healthy. The current study included age ,weight , cholesterol, HDL , LDL, triglyceride ,and uric acid concentration. The study clarified no significant differences (p>0.05) in mean age of patients when compared with healthy control and high significant difference of mean weight between two groups (p<0.01).A highly significant elevated(P< 0.01 ) in the mean concentration of cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride in patients when compared with healthy control ,no significant (P> 0.05) in the mean concentration of HDL in both two groups .It also showed a highly significant increased (P<0.01) in the mean concentration of uric acid in heart disease patients when the results compared with the mean concentration of uric acid in healthy control . In the present study showed there was high significant correlation between uric acid and cholesterol, LDL (P<0.01) and significant correlation with triglyceride (P<0.05) but no significant correlation between uric acid and HDL (P>0.05 ).
Lipid Peroxidation, Lipid Profile, Serum Leptin and Glycemic Control in Patients With Ischemic Stroke:Role of Vitamin E Supplementation
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Thanoon Imad , Dhiaa Kasim Sarraa
Published: January 2024

Aims: To evaluate parameters of glycemic control (fasting serum glucose "FSG", serum insulin level and insulin resistance), serum leptin, malondialdehyde "MDA" and lipid profile (total cholesterol "TC", triglyceride "TG", low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-c, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol VLDL-c and atherogenic index "AI" ) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with ischemic stroke and to test the influence of vitamin E supplementation on these parameters, Methods: This study included 62 ischemic stroke patients and 28 healthy control subjects. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: group I (n=33) involved patients with ischemic stroke who assigned to receive conventional therapy and group 2 (n=28) included patients who received conventional therapy with oral supplementation of vitamin E (400 IU/d) for 30 days. Fasting blood samples were initially obtained from all patients within 24-48 hours after the accident (before starting treatment) and from the controls and assay of FSG, serum insulin, leptin, MDA, TC, TG, HDL-c and calculation of insulin resistance, BMI, LDLc, VLDL-c and AI using especial equation were done. For the patients groups, another fasting blood samples were taken after therapy and assessment of the parameters mentioned above were done, Results: Before therapy, there was a significant differences between patients in group one ( on conventional therapy alone) and the controls with regard FSG, serum leptin, MDA, and AI, while there was a significant difference between patients in group 2 and the controls with regard FSG, serum leptin, MDA.After therapy, there was a significant increase in HDL-c with significant decrease in serum insulin, leptin , MDA and AI in patients in group one, with significant increase in BMI and significant reduction in serum leptin, MDA, TC, TG, VLDL-c, LDL-c and AI in patients in group 2 compared to pre-therapy stages.By comparison of the net differences of both groups after therapy, there was a significant reduction in the MDA and TC in patients in group 2 compared to patients in group one, Conclusion: Acute ischemic stroke might be associated with disturbances in some parameters of glycemic controls, lipid profile, elements of oxidative stress and serum leptin. Vitamin E supplementation during the early post ischemic period resulted in reduction in oxidative stress and improving some parameters of lipid profile.
Role of serum erythropoietin level in patients with absolute erythrocytosis
Authors: R. Hamodi Salem , D. Habeeb Hamed
Published: January 2024

PRV is a myeloproliferative disorder with an acquired genetic mutation involving the stem cell. Erythropoietin (Epo) is a hemopoietic growth factor which provides some guidance to the diagnosis of PRV. The study was done to evaluate the diagnostic significance of erythropoietin level in PRV and its role in pre and post treated PRVpatients.The study includes (47) patients diagnosed as PRV including (31) males and (16) females with age range (20- 77 years). The criteria for diagnosis of polycythemia is PCV > 52% and/ or Hb â‰¥18.5 gm/dl for male and PCV >48%and/ or Hb â‰¥16.5 gm/dl for female.The investigations which were done for all new patients including CBC, blood films and serum Epo, in addition to the BM examination for new indicated cases of PRV. Follow up of old PRV (31) patients were done by PCV and serum Epo. We found thatthe mean Epo was 9.82mIU/ml. There was no statistical significant correlation between Epo mean and mean of other parameters.There was a statistical significance between pre and post treated cases regarding mean PCV and Epo. The acceptible EPO cutoff level to define PRV of (4.9) with sensitivity (71.4), specificity (86.7) and(p<0.001). So, we conclude that the serum Epo level was a simple reliable test for diagnosis of PRV with a cutoff value of (4.9) andthere was a significant difference between treated and untreated cases of PRV regarding PCV and Epo.
Prevalence of Metallo-Î²-Lactamaseproducing Pseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from different clinical samples in Baghdad province
Authors: H. Al-Charrakh Alaa , Jaber Al-Awadi Salwa , Salim Mohammed Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Background: Metallo beta lactamase(MBL) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosahave been reported to be an important nosocomialinfections.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of nosocomial infections, giving risetoa wide range of life-threatening conditions. Its intrinsic & acquired resistance to many antimicrobial agents and its ability to developmultidrug resistance imposes a serious therapeutic problem. Materials and Methods: A total of 75 P.aeruginosaisolates were isolated from different clinical samples in some public & private hospitals in Baghdad city during the period from April to August 2011.Bacterial identification was done using conventional cultural & chemical methods &and VITEk 2 cards for identification (GN), while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing was performed using disk diffusion,E-test for Imipenem& Meropenem(oxoid, UK) & (AST-GN30)cards in VITEK 2 automated system(bioMÃ©rieux, , France). Each P.aeruginosa isolates showed resistance to Carbapenems(Imipenem& Meropenem) were subjected to Imipenem-EDTA combined disc synergy test (CDST) to investigate the production of MBL(confirmative test) Results:Out of 75 P.aeruginosa isolates,16 (21.3%) were grow on MacConkey agar supplemented with Meropenem4mg/L (MMAC),this method used as screening test, The MIC of different antibiotics was performed on these isolates using different methods(VITEK2AST-GN30,Imipenem&Meropenem E-test) showed that 6 (37.5%) isolates were Carbapenem resistant MIC â‰¥16Î¼g/ml,while 4(25%) pseudomonas isolates appear to be MBL producer usingImipenem-EDTA combined disc synergy test(CDST).

Discussion: MBL mediated carbapenemresistance in P. aeruginosa is a cause for concern in thetherapy of critically ill patients. The MBL producing P. aeruginosa isolates were more resistant to various antimicrobial agents. This result suggests that MBL producing isolates in hospitals may cause serious infections that illustrated when these strains were responsible for a nosocomial outbreak.The findings strongly suggest that there is a need to track the detection of MBL producers and that judicious use of carbapenems is necessary to prevent the further spread of these organisms. Conclusion: The prevalence of multi-drug resistant P.aeruginosa isolates especially Carbapenem resistant bacteria was increased in Baghdad province.Phenotypic characterization of MBLs provide information about the prevalence of MBLs producing P. aeruginosa in Baghdad.
Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) in Klebseilla pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Habeeb Saeed Al-Azawi Ibtisam
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to examine the dissemination of extended spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae obtained from patients with urinary tract infection who admitted Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital from December 2013 to April 2014. A total of 85 urine samples collected, after the first culturing thirty isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were obtained. The results of primary screening showed that all isolates were found to be resistance to B- actamase antibiotics (ampicillin and amoxicillin) at percentage (100%). All isolates were screened for their antibiotic resistance against 8 antibiotics of different classes using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The results showed that all isolates were resistance to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefepime in (100%), while the antibiotics tetracycline and levofloxacin (66.6%) of isolates were resistance. Half of isolates were resistance against ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, all isolates were sensitive to gentamycin in percentage (100%). Present study revealed increase the percentage of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae 11 isolates (36.7%) in compared with other studies, also the isolates were resistance to third and fourth generation of cephalosporine.
Brachial artery injury in AL-Diwaniya teaching Hospital
Authors: Kadhum kredi Usama
Published: January 2024

Aim: to focus on the management of brachial artery injury and it's sequelae .Methods: This is a prospective study of 80 patients admitted at Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital from 1st April , 2004 to 30th April, 2007 . All patients were prepared for surgical intervention under general anesthesia and proceed for arterial repair. Results: The most common mechanism of injury was bullet injury (50%) , followed by blunt (27.5%) , stab wounds (16.25%) , iatrogenic factors (5%) and rarely by thermal injury .The technique of repair was by venous graft in the majority of cases (60%) and we needed arteriorraphy in (22.5%) , end to end anastomosis in (15%) and ligation in (2.5%) .Conclusion: Brachial artery injury occurs more in young male group and commonest cause is bullet. Diagnosis of brachial artery injury is done by physical examination. Commonest postoperative complications (late sequelae) due to nerve injuries and joint stiffness.
Enterobius vermicularis infection among primary school children and its relationship with enuresis in Basrah marshes
Authors: Mahdi Jarallah Hind , Waly Mansour Kadhmia
Published: January 2024

A total of 212 samples (120 female and 92 male) primary school children were examined by used scotch tape methods during the period from February to April 2011 to study the correlation between Enterobius vermicularis infection and enuresis among children, their ages were from 6-12 years in village belong to Basrah marshes. The prevalence E. vermicularis infection of males and females were (72.82%) and (69.16%) respectively, while the prevalence enuresis were (53.73%) and (48.19%) for males and females respectively. Statistically, there are no significant differences (p>0.05) between prevalence of E. vermicularis and enuresis infection for males and females. A total prevalence of pinworm infection and enuresis was 150 (70.75%) and 76 (50.66%) respectively for all children. Statistically, there are no significant differences (p>0.05) between total rate of pinworm infection and enuresis.
A Survey Of Dermatophytes Isolated From Iraqi Patients In Baghdad City
Authors: Jasim Mohammed Sudad , A. Noaimi Adil , E. Sharquie Khalifa , Mohammed . Karhoot Jasim , Sh.Jebur Mohammed , R. Abood Jamal , Al-Hamadani Adnan
Published: January 2024

Dermatophytes infection is a common problem worldwide and frequent in Iraq. Several reports and articles were published on prevalence, distribution, causes and treatment of dermatophytosis .This case study was conducted on fifty patients(31males and 19 females) with suspected dermatophytes were studied . Their ages ranged from one year to fifty years .Patients admitted to Baghdad Teaching Hospital , Dept . of Dermatology , Baghdad during September 2010 to March 2011.Hairs and scales were collected and microscopicall examination using 20% KOH were done. Hair and scales from active outer border of the lesion were inoculated on modified Sabouraud's dextrose agar. Culture was incubated at room temperature(28CÂ°) for 4 - 5 weeks. The identification of dermatophyte species was based on the gross , and microscopical and cultural characteristic according to standard mycological references .The infection of dermatophyte was much higher in children below 10 years of age. Males 31(62%) were affected more than females 19(38%).Tinea capitis 19(47.5%) was the predominant clinical type .The main etiological agents was Trichophyton rubrum 20(50%) followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes 13(32.5%).The predominant anthropophilic dermatophytic species was Trichophyton rubrum.This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, causative agents of dermatophytosis in group of Iraqi patients in Baghdad.
The level of serum magnesium activity in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abdulwahab Maatook Majid , Shinyar Hammad Dhya
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study has been carried out to asses the activity of magnesium in the serum of patients with diabetes mellitus. Also the effect of glycemic control on magnesium levels was investigated .Subjects and Methods: Ninety six patients with diabetes were enrolled in this study, together with 95 healthy subjects, matched for age and sex, who served as the control group. The serum levels of glucose, creatinine and magnesium were estimated in all subjects. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was estimated in diabetic patients and according to its level we classified the diabetic into 2 groups: Group 1: good glycemic control (57 patients). Group 2: poor glycemic control (39 patients) .Results: Serum magnesium levels in diabetic group were found to be significantly lowered than in control group. We found a direct correlation between the Glycosylated hemoglobin and magnesium levels in our study .Conclusion: The present study revealed that there is inverse relationship between the magnesium levels and the glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients. Furthermore, there is an affirmative effect for the glycemic control on the level of magnesium in diabetic patients.
Quality of life of outpatients with schizophrenia from Urban and Rural areas in Baghdad
Authors: Dawood Jassam Mohammed , Hussain Al-Aamry Ali , Ibrahim Hamdan Ali , Abod Al-mishhadani Gazi
Published: January 2024

Background:Increasing interest in quality of life is the new approach for understanding and improvement of healthcare. Although there are many studies about quality of life in schizophrenic disorder, there is deficiency of data about quality of life of schizophrenic patients in urban and rural areas.Objectives:1-To study the quality of life of schizophrenic patients who are living in both rural and urban areas.2-To identify any possible factors that might need further attention for treatment planning programs.

Methods:This study was prospectively conducted between October 2010 and May 2011, on 126 schizophrenic patients attending the outpatient clinic in Al-Rashaad training Hospital.we explain the purpose of the study to patients and take their consent; patients should have stable clinical condition (on regular treatment for at least 6 months, continuous course, not agitated or confused). International Diagnostic check list of (ICD 10)(9) andWorld Health Organization(WHO)Quality of life (QoL)-100 Arabic version(10) were used.Results:Patients from rural areas scored significantly higher than urban patients in all six domains (Physical health, Psychological health, Level of independence, Social relationships Environmental, and Spiritual domain) . Studying different demographic variables in correlation with quality of life ,showed the same manner .Conclusion:This study showed that schizophrenic patients living in rural areas, had relatively better quality of life than those living in urban areas.
Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Type 11 Diabetics Mellitus in Al- Diwanyah Province
Authors: Abbas Kareem Aqeel
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to detect the association of Helicobacter pylori on diabetic patients. A total of ( 170) sera were collected and H. pylori Immunochematography assay (Sandwich ELISA Method) were used to assess the presence of specific antibodies against the occurrence pathogen in relation to residence ,age and occupation has been studied. In this study 170 patients with fasting and / or random plasma glucose, from one handered patients 70 (44) males and (26) females , aged of (20-60) years were positive for H. pylori enrolled, and seventy non â€“ diabetic (38)males and (32)matched for age, sex and family history of non- diabetes mellitus ,not pregnant who who were attending the medical clinic (outpatient).
Toxoplasmosis in the children who afflicted with congenital deformities and chronic diseases
Authors: Kareem Abed Baqir , A. Al-Saadi Ahmed , Fadhil Raham Tareef , Jabar Ghaib Amal
Published: January 2024

Background:-Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by unicellular opportunistic parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. The disease can be very serious and even fatal in fetuses, newborns, and individuals with weakened immune systems, in addition to the risk of gestation complications and congenital problems.Aims of the study:- The purpose of the present study to determine the relationship between Toxoplasmosis in the children who afflicted with congenital deformities.Materials and Methods:- The eighty eight samples were collected (blood) from the children who afflicted with congenital deformities in Al Alwaiya Children's Hospital and used ELISA technique to determine IgM and IgG Toxoplasmosis, in addition to eighty eight apparently healthy children as a control group.Results:- The results showed that among eighty eight children afflicted with congenital deformities there are 21 (23.86%) positive for IgM and 33 (37.50%) positive for IgG, while the results of IgM and IgG in the control group were 3 (3.14%) and 7 (7.95%) respectively with highly significant variation p=0.001.Conclusion:- The present study showed there is a relationship between the infection by this parasite and congenital deformities. But it cannot be certain Toxoplasmosis is the real cause of congenital deformities in those children, and in the same time it doesn't deny the impact.
Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction among Stroke patients cross sectional study
Authors: Aziz Hussein , Saden Amin
Published: January 2024

Background LVSD or HF associated with end organs problems such as arrhythmias' or thromboembolization. Previous studies showed that reduction in LV pump function(i.e. EF) is associated with increased incidence of stroke and high prevalence of LVSD among patients with stroke. Screening for LVSD is important in patients who had high cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes ,smoking and dyslipidemia .It had been suggested that should have screening for LVSDAim of the study is to look for the frequency of LVSD among patients suffering recent ischemic stroke who were who admitted to the neurological wardsPatients and Methods 52 patients with diagnosis of stroke and who were admitted in Middle Euphrates Neurological center were evaluated for their left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction .The mean age( 60.08 ), ( 17 females and 35 males) The major risk factors of stroke as the hypertension,, diabetes the dyslipidemia. and smoking were recorded. The stroke was classified either hemorrhagic or ischemic by CT brain .Echocardiography with Doppler study and EF was recordedResults The study confirmed the high incidence of LVSD among patients with stroke .There was a significant relation with stroke in cases with mild and moderate reduction in the EF.Conclusion reduction in systolic left ventricle of the heart can be considered as possible risk factor for stroke.
Peroperative identification of parathyroid gland using methylene blue
Authors: Abd Ali Huoel Basheer
Published: January 2024

Identification of the parathyroid gland during surgery of thyroid reduce the risk of postoperative hypoparathyroidism; as well as of great importance for identification of the parathyroid glands in parathyroid disease.It is a prospective study conducted on (50 patient 10 male and 40 female) with various causes of goiter, who underwent operation in the the Surgical Department of the AL-DIWANYIA TEACHING HOSPITAL for the period between May 2008 to September 2010.The technique of methylene blue dye injection through the inferior thyroid artery using one CC methylene blue 0.5% to recognize the parathyroid gland in patient suffering from various causes of thyroid disease and undergoing thyroid gland surgery.The precise localization of the gland was possible in 85% . There were no adverse effect from this technique.We conclude that peroperative identification of parathyroid gland using methylene blue is valuable technique that facilitates identification of the gland at operation.
Managements Of Enterocutaneous Fistula (ECF)
Authors: H. H.Alamiri Majeed
Published: January 2024

Background:- A fistula is an abnormal epithelialized tract Between two or Hollow organ to Another hollow organ or to the skin.It is estimated that 90% of ECF arise after surgical procedures, The mortality rate about 37% in post-operative high output ECF.Objectives:-The aim of present study to evaluate the standardized Guideline And prognostic factors for outcome of patients with ECF.Patients &Methods:- A prospective clinical trial conducted from January 2002-July 2013. done in the surgical ward of Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital.In this study a database was created consisting of 115 patients with ECF. All have Been treated according to the SOWATS guideline, which consists of the following Components, Sepsis, Optimization of nutritional state , Wound care, Anatomy of Fistula,Timing of surgery and Surgical strategy.Results :- Data from 115 patients. Mean age 42 year(range from 8-76 year).Postoperative fistula after initial surgery for any reason appeared after mean 20 day (range from 3-37 day). The mean length of hospital stay was 57 day(range from 8-106 day). Mean period of treatment was 80 day(range from 10-150day).Conclusion:- The main lesson to be learned is that adherence to SOWATS Guideline can result in good patient outcome. Surgical repair is performed when the Patient is stable. Treatment of sepsis plays a key role and ongoing sepsis is still the Most important cause of death.
LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR : Introduction of our experience
Authors: Al Taie Mohammed , Al Janaby Salah
Published: January 2024

BackgroundInguinal hernia repair by laparoscope is a new promising and continuously developing field for a very common surgical disorder requires in its treatment a greater combination of accurate anatomic knowledge, with surgical skills.Objective:This study aims to evaluate our experience of inguinal hernia repair by laparoscope and to compare it with the experience of other colleagues.Patients and methods:A 32 patients were operated upon in this study 27 patients had unilateral inguinal hernia, 17 of them had right inguinal hernia while 10 with had inguinal hernia and 5 had bilateral hernia. All of them had primary inguinal hernia. All of them operated on by one surgeon and in Al Hilla General Teaching hospital â€“ Babel Health Directorate. A total extra peritoneal approach was chosen for all. A polypropylene mesh was used for repair.Result:All of the patients completed laparoscoically except two conversions were done to complete the operation. The rest passed smooth postoperative but two develop swelling due to simple seroma, recurrence was reported in one patient, no reported infection.Conclusion:This study advocate the benefit of laparoscopic approach for repair of inguinal hernia especially the bilateral one and it is simple easy to perform.
Serum Levels of Interferon-Î³, Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-8 in Patients with Brucellosis
Authors: Aamer Habeeb Thuraya
Published: January 2024

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most common bacterial zonosis. Different cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of the causative bacteria. Interferon-Î³ (IFN-Î³) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) are among the most essential cytokines required for the elimination of infection with Brucella.Aims: The study aimed to measure serum levels of IFN-Î³, IL-12 and IL-8 and correlation among these cytokines in patients with brucellosis.Subjects and Methods: A total of 60 patients with brucellosis and 26 apparently healthy controls were enrolled in this study. From each participant, blood samples were collected from which serum was obtained. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate serum levels of IFN-Î³, IL-12 and IL-8 in each serum sample.Results: Serum levels of IFN-Î³ and IL-12 but not IL-8 were significantly higher in patients with brucellosis compared to control. Furthermore, serum levels of IFN-Î³ correlated positively with IL-12 and negatively with IL-8.Conclusion: Both IFN-Î³ and IL-12 have a crucial role in the immunity and pathogenesis of Brucella and can be used as indication for chronic infection.
The Effects of Combined Oral Antioxidants on Male Infertility
Authors: Hadi Sabhan Ali
Published: January 2024

BackgroundHigh reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was considered as an important factor of male infertility that can result in DNA damage, decrease motility and damage membrane integrity. The role of antioxidants is to maintain the balance between ROS production and their clearance which improve sperm parameters and enhance male fertility.Patients and methodsSixty six male patients with median age of 29 years with a mean period of infertility of 1.5 year that attend the infertility clinic in Al-Diwaniya Maternity and Pediatric Hospital were selected randomly in this study which extend from January 2013 to October 2014 (22 months).The patients were selected to have idiopathic oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia, they underwent a detailed history, general and genital physical examination, Two semen analyses, baseline hormone profile and scrotal Doppler ultrasound examination . All patients were given a combination of oral antioxidants including vitamin E (400 IU. once daily), coenzyme Q10 ( 75 mg. tablet twice a day), zinc sulphate (15 mg. tablet three time a day) and L-carnitine ( 1000 mg. twice a day) for three months duration of treatment. Semen analysis was repeated after three months from initiation of therapy and was evaluated for changes in volume, concentration, motility and morphology in comparison with baseline semen analyses and any pregnancy was also documented.ResultsThirteen patients (19%) get pregnancy after a period of 2 to 3 months, other patients show variable changes in their seminal analysis after 3 months. Thirty patients (45%) show increasing in seminal volume of 0.5 to 2 ml. , while the sperm concentration was increased in 28 patients(42%) . Twenty two patients (33%) show increasing in motility , morphology was increased in 34 patients (51%) .From all 66 patients; 6 patients (9 %) get improvement in all four parameters, while 9 patients (14 %) get improvement in only 3 parameters, 20 patients (30 %) get improvement in only 2 parameters, 23 patients (35 %) get improvement in only one parameter and 8 patients (12 %) had no improvement in any parameter.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a possible role of combined oral antioxidants in the improvement of semen parameters and pregnancy rate for selected infertile men with superiority for the use of combination of antioxidants rather than single agent treatment.
Effectiveness and safety of the oxytocin antagonist( atosiban) versus beta-adrenergic agonists (salbutamol) in the treatment of preterm labor
Authors: H. Sharif Al-Shibany Yasamin , M. Swadi Al- Thuwainy Saba
Published: January 2024

Background and Objectives: preterm labor complicates 5-10% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide and 70-80% of perinatal deaths occur in preterm infants. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness, safety and adverse effects of the oxytocin antagonist medication(atosiban) with those of beta-adrenergic agonist (salbutamol) in the treatment of patients with preterm labor.Patients and Methods: one hundred pregnant women with preterm labor were enrolled in this study from the period of( January 2014 â€“ January 2015) at Al-Diwaniya Maternity and Pediatrics Teaching Hospital-Iraq with a gestational age of 24-34 weeks, they were randomly assigned to receive tocolytics either salbutamol (n=50) or atosiban (n=50).Salbutamol was given by(intravenous infusion 10-50 microgram)for up to 48 hour. Atosiban was given by (intravenous bolus dose of 6.75 mg then 300microgram/minute for 3 hour and 100microgram/minute for up to 48hour). Retreatment with the study drugs or alternative tocolytic agents was allowed. Main outcome measures included were tocolytic effectiveness, which was assessed in terms of number of women undelivered after 48hour and 7 days. Tocolytic safety was assessed in terms of maternal and fetal side effects and neonatal morbidity.Results: there were no significant differences between the salbutamol and the atosiban group in prolongation of pregnancy for 48 hour (44% versus 46%;p=0841)and 7 days(20% versus 32%;p=0.171) ,respectively. Maternal adverse events , including tachycardia occurred more frequently in the salbutamol group(22% versus 8%;p=0.050).Neonatal outcomes and complications were comparable between the two study groups(42% versus 32%;p=0.30).Conclusions: the oxytocin antagonist (atosiban) was as effective as beta-agonist(salbutamol) in delaying threatened preterm birth , and found to be better tolerated by both the mother and fetus than salbutamol , with a comparable neonatal safety profil.This study supports the clinical use of atosiban as a first line tocolytic in the treatment of preterm labor.