bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Positive retailing: educating patients about the products on offer in your clinic
Authors: Cass Sharon
Published: April 2016

Skincare sales have continued to increase steadily over the past few years, and the professional and anti-ageing sectors of the market have led growth in this area. Despite the marketing muscle of the retail sector, using your expertise effectively can help you successfully increase your in-clinic sales and guarantee client loyalty. Sharon Cass discusses how to create a positive retail strategy for your business
CPD: Ideas to get staff on board
Authors: Tiller Katie
Published: April 2016

It is vital that staff see the value in and feel part of their CPD. Katie Tiller sets out five practical strategies for encouraging staff to throw themselves into whole-school CPD
Managing the stress and upheaval of change
Authors: Stanley Julian
Published: April 2016

Managing change can be difficult, but it is something that teachers today are facing on a regular basis. Julian Stanley offers some coping advice
Diversity analysis and genetic potency identification of local rice cultivars in Penajam Paser Utara and Paser Districts, East Kalimantan
Authors: NURHASANAH NURHASANAH , SADARUDDIN SADARUDDIN , SUNARYO WIDI
Published: April 2016

Nurhasanah, Sadaruddin, Sunaryo W. 2016. Diversity analysis and genetic potency identification of local rice cultivars in Penajam Paser Utara and Paser Districts, East Kalimantan. Biodiversitas 17: 401-408. Local rice cultivars provide genetic diversity in rice genepool that is very useful for rice breeding programs. Less is known about local rice genetic diversity in East Kalimantan, because their existence only depends on traditional cultivation and conservation by local farmers based on needs and tendencies towards certain varieties. According to the current exploration study conducted in Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) and Paser, the smallest districts in East Kalimantan, there were high genetic diversities of rice existed in that two districts. As many as 71 local rice cultivars were collected, consisted of 53 rice and 18 glutinous rice. Traits characterization showed that there were large variation of plant height (66 to 209.33 cm), culm number (1 to 41.67), culm diameter (0.23 to 1.03 cm), leaf length (39 to 108.33 cm), leaf width (0.83 to 2.67 cm), leaf angle (10 to 50 degree), ligule length (11 to 55 mm) and weight of ten seeds (0.13 to 0.40 gram) in the local rice population showing high phenotypic variations of agro-morphological traits in the population. A strong negative correlation between culm number (tiller) and culm diameter, leaf length as well as leaf width was observed, which indicated that culm number is few if the culm diameter is big, and the leaves are longer and wider. Genetic diversity analysis based on Agro-morphological characters clustered the cultivars in nine and four classes for rice populations in PPU and Paser districts, respectively. Pre-identification of the local rice genetic potencies showed some superior and potential traits which will be very useful for rice breeding programs to develop new superior rice varieties
Genealogies of sense and sound: Home recordings and Greek American identity
Authors: League Panayotis
Published: April 2016

This article examines the diverse ways that four generations of an extended Greek American family of musicians have employed recording technologies to explore their migrant subjectivity. Focusing on an Ottoman-era collection of handwritten sheet music and home-made audio recordings on reel-to-reel tape from the 1950s to 1970s, I explore the ways that people’s interactions with these materials have enabled the preservation and transmission of family repertoire, style, and both musical and social memory. Drawing on the work on Robin Bernstein, Georgina Born and Nadia Seremetakis, I highlight the performative agency embedded in these scores and reels, and reveal that, beyond mere archives of musical activity, they are sonic and material sites of emotional valence, nodes for the mediating of personal and musical relations, and a means of engaging the body to craft both a sense of family and a recognizable family sound. These musical archives enter into dialogue with other aspects of the Anatolian Greek community’s material culture to reveal past musical practices, shape contemporary ones, produce ideas and memories about the musicians who made them, and interrogate the meaning of ‘home’ and ‘family’ in the immigrant context.
Participatory journalism policies in newspapers’ websites in Greece
Authors: Saridou Theodora , Veglis Andreas
Published: April 2016

This article examines the integration of participatory journalism policies in the websites of Greek daily political and financial newspapers. A survey conducted in these websites revealed a very reluctant attitude towards tools and applications that involve users in the production of news. The study identified the adoption of few and limited user-generated content (UGC) initiatives, which mainly allow readers to interact with the journalists’ work after it has been published, rather than produce their own content or take part in the initial stages of news production process. When users can create their content, this process is regulated by rules set by the editors. Furthermore, it was found that Greek newspapers use a number of methods, such as moderation, registration and CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart), in order to avoid problems caused by the coexistence of professional and amateur content and to ensure the quality of their websites.
A study of developing an attidude scale for using scientifict process steps
Authors: Yıldırım Mehtap
Published: April 2016

This study aims to develop a scale that will measure the attitudes of 6th, 7thand 8th grade students towards scientific process in the scope of life sciences course. In the literature, many studies focus on developing scales of attitudes towards science and science course. This study differs from others by aiming to measure the attitudes towards using the scientific process steps rather than science itself. Items of the scale were prepared by considering expert opinions. The scale was administered to 321 students, from 6th, 7th and 8th grades in three different secondary schools. In accordance with the factor analysis performed, a 33 item, five-point likert-type scale was developed. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), Barlett test, Cronbach alpha and test-retest reliability values of the scale was found as .94, 4386.47, .94 and .91 respectively.
The Effect of Strength Training on Performance Indicators in Distance Runners
Authors: Beattie Kris , Carson Brian P. , Lyons Mark , Rossiter Antonia , Kenny Ian C.
Published: April 2016

Beattie, K, Carson, BP, Lyons, M, Rossiter, A, and Kenny, IC. The effect of strength training on performance indicators in distance runners. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 9–23, 2017—Running economy (RE) and velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (VV̇o
2max) are considered to be the best physiological performance indicators in elite distance runners. In addition to cardiovascular function, RE and VV̇o
2max are partly dictated by neuromuscular factors. One technique to improve neuromuscular function in athletes is through strength training. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 40-week strength training intervention on strength (maximal and reactive strength), VV̇o
2max, economy, and body composition (body mass, fat, and lean mass) in competitive distance runners. Twenty competitive distance runners were divided into an intervention group (n = 11; 29.5 ± 10.0 years; 72.8 ± 6.6 kg; 1.83 ± 0.08 m) and a control group (n = 9; 27.4 ± 7.2 years; 70.2 ± 6.4 kg; 1.77 ± 0.04 m). During week 0, 20, and 40, each subject completed 3 assessments: physiology (V2 mmol·L−1 BLa, V2 mmol·L−1 BLa [blood lactate], V4 mmol·L−1 BLa, RE, VV̇o
2max, V̇o
2max), strength (1 repetition maximum back squat; countermovement jump and 0.3 m drop jump), and body composition (body mass, fat mass, overall lean, and leg lean). The intervention group showed significant improvements in maximal and reactive strength qualities, RE, and VV̇o
2max, at weeks 20 (p ≤ 0.05) and 40 (p ≤ 0.05). The control group showed no significant changes at either time point. There were no significant changes in body composition variables between or within groups. This study demonstrates that 40 weeks of strength training can significantly improve maximal and reactive strength qualities, RE, and VV̇o
2max, without concomitant hypertrophy, in competitive distance runners.
Effect of Acute Alcohol Ingestion on Resistance Exercise–Induced mTORC1 Signaling in Human Muscle
Authors: Duplanty Anthony A. , Budnar Ronald G. , Luk Hui Y. , Levitt Danielle E. , Hill David W. , McFarlin Brian K. , Huggett Duane B. , Vingren Jakob L.
Published: April 2016

Duplanty, AA, Budnar, RG, Luk, HY, Levitt, DE, Hill, DW, McFarlin, BK, Huggett, DB, and Vingren, JL. Effect of acute alcohol ingestion on resistance exercise–induced mTORC1 signaling in human muscle. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 54–61, 2017—The purpose of this project was to further elucidate the effects postexercise alcohol ingestion. This project had many novel aspects including using a resistance exercise (RE) only exercise design and the inclusion of women. Ten resistance-trained males and 9 resistance-trained females completed 2 identical acute heavy RE trials (6 sets of Smith machine squats) followed by ingestion of either alcohol or placebo. All participants completed both conditions. Before exercise (PRE) and 3 (+3 hours) and 5 (+5 hours) hours postexercise, muscle tissue samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis by biopsies. Muscle samples were analyzed for phosphorylated mTOR, S6K1, and 4E-BP1. For men, there was a significant interaction effect for mTOR and S6K1 phosphorylation. At +3 hours, mTOR and S6K1 phosphorylation was higher for placebo than for alcohol. For women, there was a significant main effect for time. mTOR phosphorylation was higher at +3 hours than at PRE and at +5 hours. There were no significant effects found for 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in men or women. The major findings of this study was that although RE elicited similar mTORC1 signaling both in men and in women, alcohol ingestion seemed to only attenuate RE-induced phosphorylation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway in men. This study provides evidence that alcohol should not be ingested after RE as this ingestion could potentially hamper the desired muscular adaptations to RE by reducing anabolic signaling, at least in men.
Changes in Muscle Architecture of Vastus Lateralis Muscle After an Alpine Snowboarding Race
Authors: Vernillo Gianluca , Pisoni Cesare , Sconfienza Luca M. , Thiébat Gabriele , Longo Stefano
Published: April 2016

Vernillo, G, Pisoni, C, Sconfienza, LM, Thiébat, G, and Longo, S. Changes in muscle architecture of vastus lateralis muscle after an alpine snowboarding race. J Strength Cond Res 31(1): 254–259, 2017—This study aimed to assess acute changes of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle architecture after an alpine snowboarding simulated race and to compare architecture characteristics between the front and rear legs on elite alpine snowboarders. Using ultrasonography, VL muscle thickness (MT), pennation angles (θ), and fascicle lengths (Lf) were assessed in 8 elite alpine snowboarders (25.6 ± 4.4 years; stature: 178.4 ± 9.8 cm; body mass: 78.1 ± 12.1 kg) before and directly after an alpine snowboarding simulated race under competition rules. Muscle thickness, θ, and Lf showed no meaningful changes (P > 0.05, differences reported as trivial) after the race for both legs. The rear leg tended to have a 14.0% lower θ (P = 0.04, differences rated as moderate) and a 13.6% higher Lf (P = 0.04, differences rated as moderate) compared with the front leg. Changes in muscle architecture are not observable immediately after an alpine snowboarding simulated race. The ∼14.0% difference in muscle architecture between the front and the rear leg suggests the presence of a morphological asymmetry in elite alpine snowboarders with direct implications for injury prevention and training prescription.
Fast Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus Promote Encoding of Novel Object–Place Pairings
Authors: Zheng Chenguang , Bieri Kevin Wood , Hwaun Ernie , Colgin Laura Lee
Published: April 2016

Hippocampal gamma rhythms increase during mnemonic operations (Johnson and Redish, 2007; Montgomery and Buzsáki, 2007; Sederberg et al., 2007; Jutras et al., 2009; Trimper et al., 2014) and may affect memory encoding by coordinating activity of neurons that code related information (Jensen and Lisman, 2005). Here, a hippocampal-dependent, object–place association task (Clark et al., 2000; Broadbent et al., 2004; Eacott and Norman, 2004; Lee et al., 2005; Winters et al., 2008; Barker and Warburton, 2011) was used in rats to investigate how slow and fast gamma rhythms in the hippocampus relate to encoding of memories for novel object–place associations. In novel object tasks, the degree of hippocampal dependence has been reported to vary depending on the type of novelty (Eichenbaum et al., 2007; Winters et al., 2008). Therefore, gamma activity was examined during three novelty conditions: a novel object presented in a location where a familiar object had been (NO), a familiar object presented in a location where no object had been (NL), and a novel object presented in a location where no object had been (NO+NL). The strongest and most consistent effects were observed for fast gamma rhythms during the NO+NL condition. Fast gamma power, CA3–CA1 phase synchrony, and phase-locking of place cell spikes increased during exploration of novel, compared to familiar, object–place associations. Additionally, place cell spiking during exploration of novel object–place pairings was increased when fast gamma rhythms were present. These results suggest that fast gamma rhythms promote encoding of memories for novel object–place associations.
Increased Proportion of Variance Explained and Prediction Accuracy of Survival of Breast Cancer Patients with Use of Whole-Genome Multiomic Profiles
Authors: Vazquez Ana I , Veturi Yogasudha , Behring Michael , Shrestha Sadeep , Kirst Matias , Resende Marcio F R , de los Campos Gustavo
Published: April 2016

Whole-genome multiomic profiles hold valuable information for the analysis and prediction of disease risk and progression. However, integrating high-dimensional multilayer omic data into risk-assessment models is statistically and computationally challenging. We describe a statistical framework, the Bayesian generalized additive model ((BGAM), and present software for integrating multilayer high-dimensional inputs into risk-assessment models. We used BGAM and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas for the analysis and prediction of survival after diagnosis of breast cancer. We developed a sequence of studies to (1) compare predictions based on single omics with those based on clinical covariates commonly used for the assessment of breast cancer patients (COV), (2) evaluate the benefits of combining COV and omics, (3) compare models based on (a) COV and gene expression profiles from oncogenes with (b) COV and whole-genome gene expression (WGGE) profiles, and (4) evaluate the impacts of combining multiple omics and their interactions. We report that (1) WGGE profiles and whole-genome methylation (METH) profiles offer more predictive power than any of the COV commonly used in clinical practice (e.g., subtype and stage), (2) adding WGGE or METH profiles to COV increases prediction accuracy, (3) the predictive power of WGGE profiles is considerably higher than that based on expression from large-effect oncogenes, and (4) the gain in prediction accuracy when combining multiple omics is consistent. Our results show the feasibility of omic integration and highlight the importance of WGGE and METH profiles in breast cancer, achieving gains of up to 7 points area under the curve (AUC) over the COV in some cases.
Genes and Small RNA Transcripts Exhibit Dosage-Dependent Expression Pattern in Maize Copy-Number Alterations
Authors: Zuo Tao , Zhang Jianbo , Lithio Andrew , Dash Sudhansu , Weber David F , Wise Roger , Nettleton Dan , Peterson Thomas
Published: April 2016

Copy-number alterations are widespread in animal and plant genomes, but their immediate impact on gene expression is still unclear. In animals, copy-number alterations usually exhibit dosage effects, except for sex chromosomes which tend to be dosage compensated. In plants, genes within small duplications (<100 kb) often exhibit dosage-dependent expression, whereas large duplications (>50 Mb) are more often dosage compensated. However, little or nothing is known about expression in moderately-sized (1–50 Mb) segmental duplications, and about the response of small RNAs to dosage change. Here, we compared maize (Zea mays) plants with two, three, and four doses of a 14.6-Mb segment of chromosome 1 that contains ∼300 genes. Plants containing the duplicated segment exhibit dosage-dependent effects on ear length and flowering time. Transcriptome analyses using GeneChip and RNA-sequencing methods indicate that most expressed genes and unique small RNAs within the duplicated segments exhibit dosage-dependent transcript levels. We conclude that dosage effect is the predominant regulatory response for both genes and unique small RNA transcripts in the segmental dosage series we tested. To our knowledge this is the first analysis of small RNA expression in plant gene dosage variants. Because segmental duplications comprise a significant proportion of eukaryotic genomes, these findings provide important new insight into the regulation of genes and small RNAs in response to dosage changes.
First record of Band-tailed Pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata (Columbiformes: Columbidae) in the Sonoran Desert of Baja California
Authors: Escobar-Flores Jonathan G. , Delgado-Férnandez Mariana , Delgado-González Oscar
Published: April 2016

We report the presence of the Band-tailed Pigeon, which was not previously recorded in the Sonoran Desert in Baja California. The site was 140 km south of the nearest forest. The presence of the pigeon further documents the propensity of Band-tailed Pigeons to wander widely.
A multiprofessional perspective on the principal barriers to universal health coverage and universal access to health in extremely poor territories: the contributions of nursing
Authors: França Viviane Helena de , Modena Celina Maria , Confalonieri Ulisses Eugenio Cavalcanti
Published: April 2016

Objective: to investigate the knowledge of managers and health professionals, social workers and education professionals regarding the principal barriers to universal health coverage and universal access to health on the part of the extremely poor population; and to point to the contributions made by nursing for the promotion of this right. Method: a qualitative study whose reference was, for ensuring the right to health, the reorientation of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) towards universal coverage and access in these territories. Interviews were held with 27 members of the multi-professional team of a municipality with high social vulnerability. The data were worked on using thematic content analysis. Results: the following were ascertained as the principal barriers to universal health coverage and access to health: failures in the expansion and strengthening of the services; absence of diagnosis of the priority demands; shortage of technology, equipment, and material and human resources; poor local infrastructure; and actions with low resolutive power and absence of interdepartmental policies. Within the multi-professional team, nursing acts in the SUS in unique health actions and social practices in these territories, presenting an in-depth perspective on this harsh reality, being able to contribute with indispensable support for confronting these disparities in universal health coverage and universal access to health. Conclusion: nursing's in-depth understanding regarding these barriers is essential for encouraging the processes reorienting the SUS, geared towards equality in the right to health.
Effects of climate and forest structure on palms, bromeliads and bamboos in Atlantic Forest fragments of Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Hilário R. R. , Toledo J. J.
Published: April 2016

Abstract Palms, bromeliads and bamboos are key elements of tropical forests and understanding the effects of climate, anthropogenic pressure and forest structure on these groups is crucial to forecast structural changes in tropical forests. Therefore, we investigated the effects of these factors on the abundance of these groups in 22 Atlantic forest fragments of Northeastern Brazil. Abundance of bromeliads and bamboos were assessed through indexes. Palms were counted within a radius of 20 m. We also obtained measures of vegetation structure, fragment size, annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality and human population density. We tested the effects of these predictors on plant groups using path analysis. Palm abundance was higher in taller forests with larger trees, closed canopy and sparse understory, which may be a result of the presence of seed dispersers and specific attributes of local palm species. Bromeliads were negatively affected by both annual precipitation and precipitation seasonality, what may reflect adaptations of these plants to use water efficiently, but also the need to capture water in a regular basis. Bamboos were not related to any predictor variable. As climate and forest structure affected the abundance of bromeliads and palms, human-induced climatic changes and disturbances in forest structure may modify the abundance of these groups. In addition, soil properties and direct measurements of human disturbance should be used in future studies in order to improve the predictability of models about plant groups in Northeastern Atlantic Forest.
Morphometric differences and fluctuating asymmetry in Melipona subnitida Ducke 1910 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in different types of housing
Authors: Lima C. B. S. , Nunes L. A. , Carvalho C. A. L. , Ribeiro M. F. , Souza B. A. , Silva C. S. B.
Published: April 2016

Abstract A geometric morphometrics approach was applied to evaluate differences in forewing patterns of the Jandaira bee (Melipona subnitida Ducke). For this, we studied the presence of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in forewing shape and size of colonies kept in either rational hive boxes or natural tree trunks. We detected significant FA for wing size as well as wing shape independent of the type of housing (rational box or tree trunks), indicating the overall presence of stress during the development of the studied specimens. FA was also significant (p < 0.01) between rational boxes, possibly related to the use of various models of rational boxes used for keeping stingless bees. In addition, a Principal Component Analysis indicated morphometric variation between bee colonies kept in either rational hive boxes or in tree trunks, that may be related to the different origins of the bees: tree trunk colonies were relocated natural colonies while rational box colonies originated from multiplying other colonies. We conclude that adequate measures should be taken to reduce the amount of stress during bee handling by using standard models of rational boxes that cause the least disruption.
Applying fuzzy logic to estimate the parameters of the length-weight relationship
Authors: Bitar S. D. , Campos C. P. , Freitas C. E. C.
Published: April 2016

Abstract We evaluated three mathematical procedures to estimate the parameters of the relationship between weight and length for Cichla monoculus: least squares ordinary regression on log-transformed data, non-linear estimation using raw data and a mix of multivariate analysis and fuzzy logic. Our goal was to find an alternative approach that considers the uncertainties inherent to this biological model. We found that non-linear estimation generated more consistent estimates than least squares regression. Our results also indicate that it is possible to find consistent estimates of the parameters directly from the centers of mass of each cluster. However, the most important result is the intervals obtained with the fuzzy inference system.
Adrenal glands of Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii, Wagler, 1831): morphological and morphometric aspects
Authors: Santos A. C. , Viana D. C. , Bertassoli B. M. , Vasconcelos B. G. , Oliveira D. M. , Rici R. E. G. , Oliveira M. F. , Miglino M. A. , Assis-Neto A. C.
Published: April 2016

Abstract Considering the physiological importance and need of greater morphophysiological knowledge of adrenal glands, the aims of present study were compare the morphometric data between left and right adrenal of male and female; perform a histological, scanning and transmission electron microscopy study showing tissue constitution of glands; finally, in order to define the presence and correct site of the cytochrome P450c17 expression in adrenal glands, immunohistochemical study of this enzyme was performed in 18 adrenal glands (right n=9 and left n=9) of nine adult Galea spixii (four males and five females). Right adrenal was more cranially positioned than left adrenal; dimensions (weight, length and width) of right adrenal was larger than left adrenal; no differences between male and female body and adrenal measurements were found; the morphology of cells and different amounts of lipid droplets may be related to the different demands of steroid hormones production, related to each zone of the adrenal cortex; and, the cytochrome P450c17 immunolocalization in fasciculate and reticular zone may be related with synthesis of 17-hydroxy-pregnenolone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone or androstenedione.
Micropropagation of Calophyllum brasiliense (Cambess.) from nodal segments
Authors: Silveira S. S. , Cordeiro-Silva R. , Degenhardt-Goldbach J. , Quoirin M.
Published: April 2016

Abstract Micropropagation of Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (Clusiaceae) is a way to overcome difficulties in achieving large-scale plant production, given the recalcitrant nature of the seeds, irregular fructification and absence of natural vegetative propagation of the species. Cultures were established using nodal segments 2 cm in length, obtained from 1-2 year old seedlings, maintained in a greenhouse. Mercury chloride and Plant Preservative Mixture™ were used in the surface sterilizing stage, better results being achieved with Plant Preservative Mixture™ incorporation in culture medium, at any concentration. Polyvinylpyrrolidone, activated charcoal, cysteine, ascorbic acid or citric acid were added to the culture medium to avoid oxidation. After 30 days of culture, polyvinylpirrolidone and ascorbic acid gave better results, eliminating oxidation in most explants. For shoot multiplication, benzylaminopurine was used in concentrations of 4.4 and 8.8 µM in Woody Plant Medium, resulting in an average of 4.43 and 4.68 shoots per explant, respectively, after 90 days. Indole-3-butyric acid and α-naphthalene acetic acid were used to induce root formation, reaching a maximum rooting rate of 24% with 20µM α-naphthalene acetic acid. For acclimatization. the rooted plants were transferred to Plantmax® substrate and cultured in a greenhouse, reaching 79% of survival after 30 days and 60% after one year.
O monasticismo de Martinho de Tours e as aristocracias na Gália do século IV
Authors: Figuinha Matheus Coutinho
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Sulpício Severo afirma, na sua Vida de Martinho (10.8), que muitos nobres residiam em Marmoutier, o monastério fundado pelo protagonista a pouco mais de 3 quilômetros de Tours. Desde o aparecimento dos comentários de Jacques Fontaine à Vida, na década de 1960, os estudiosos têm se apoiado na afirmação de Sulpício para interpretar questões fundamentais do monasticismo martiniano. Eles supõem que a prática do trabalho manual em Marmoutier fosse determinada por valores aristocráticos e que a manutenção material do monastério dependesse dos recursos dos seus membros mais ricos. O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a confiabilidade da afirmação de Sulpício. Argumento que não há indícios claros que a corroboram e que ela, portanto, deve ser considerada com muita cautela.
Federalismo, coalizões de governo e escolhas de carreira dos deputados federais
Authors: Borges André , Sanches Filho Alvino Oliveira
Published: April 2016

Resumo Este artigo procura entender o impacto do federalismo robusto e da preponderância do Poder Executivo sobre a sobrevivência política dos deputados federais. Especificamente, analisa o impacto das coalizões de governo formadas nas esferas federal e estadual sobre as escolhas de carreiras políticas dos deputados. O artigo testou duas hipóteses: membros da coalizão governativa na esfera federal apresentam a maior probabilidade de concorrer à reeleição, enquanto os deputados na oposição aos governos federal e estadual são aqueles que apresentam menor probabilidade de disputar um novo mandato; deputados de oposição nas duas esferas de governo têm a maior propensão a concorrer a cargos mais elevados, como governador e senador. Nossa análise se baseia em um banco de dados com informações relativas às escolhas de carreira pós-eleição dos parlamentares dos estados da Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Norte e São Paulo, eleitos para as legislaturas 1999-2003 e 2003-2007. A análise empírica confirma que os deputados membros da coalizão governativa nacional apresentam probabilidades mais altas de buscar a reeleição, e mais baixas de disputar cargos eletivos mais elevados, relativamente aos deputados de oposição. Além disso, essas diferenças se ampliam com o aumento da experiência legislativa. Concluímos que os benefícios de permanecer na Câmara dos Deputados são menores para deputados de oposição, o que possivelmente leva a padrões de carreira mais descontínuos. Entretanto, uma vez que enfrentam uma estrutura de incentivos completamente distinta, os deputados com acesso privilegiado aos recursos governamentais têm a reeleição como estratégia dominante.
Boa noite, e boa sorte: determinantes da demissão de ministros envolvidos em escândalos de corrupção no primeiro governo Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Araújo Cletiane Medeiros , Costa Saulo Felipe , Fittipaldi Ítalo
Published: April 2016

Resumo Quais os determinantes para demissão de ministros? Este artigo analisa a onda de escândalos de corrupção envolvendo ministros do primeiro governo Dilma Rousseff. O desenho de pesquisa combina estatística descritiva e análise multivariada para testar as hipóteses de que notícias sobre escândalos políticos, competição política e gerenciamento da coalizão impactam positivamente na probabilidade de o ministro denunciado deixar a pasta ministerial. O estudo foi realizado a partir da construção de uma base de dados, para a qual foram coletadas 677 notícias de três jornais de larga circulação nacional, a saber: Folha de S. Paulo, O Estado de S. Paulo e O Globo, ao longo dos 17 primeiros meses do governo. Os resultados apontam que quanto maior o número de matérias sobre os escândalos de corrupção do ministro denunciado maior a probabilidade de ele ser demitido. Espera-se, através deste estudo de caso, contribuir para a agenda de pesquisa sobre a relação escândalos políticos/instituições democráticas/accountability, buscando situar esse fenômeno na democracia brasileira recente.
Urochloa ruziziensis responses to sources and doses of urea
Authors: Lima João E. S. , Nascente Adriano S. , Leandro Wilson M. , Silveira Pedro M. da
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The use of products that promote reduction of nitrogen (N) losses from the urea fertilizer can contribute to increasing its use efficiency in forage grasses. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of N sources and doses on the growth of Urochloa ruziziensis. The experiment was carried out in the growing season of 2007/2008 in Santo Antônio de Goiás-GO, in a Brazilian Oxisol. A completely randomized block was used, with four replicates in a factorial scheme, corresponding to two N sources (conventional urea and urea with urease inhibitor) and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1), divided into equal applications in five periods (Nov 14 to Dec 13, Dec 14 to Jan 12, Jan 13 to Feb 11 - rainy season, Mar 24 to Apr 22 and Jul 10 to Aug 08 - dry season). The effects of the treatments were evaluated for: shoot dry matter, tiller density, total N content in the leaves and relative chlorophyll content. N fertilizer sources did not affect the evaluated variables; however, N fertilization allowed linear increases in all variables with higher values during the rainy period. The relative chlorophyll content in U. ruziziensis had positive correlation with its dry matter productivity.
Quantum efficiency of photosystem II and production of orange under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Sousa Jônatas R. M. de , Gheyi Hans R. , Brito Marcos E. B. , Lacerda Claudivan F. de , Silva Francisco V. da , Soares Frederico A. L.
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the salt tolerance of 'Mimo do Céu' orange grafted onto three rootstocks using physiological parameters such as maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the production of fruits. It also evaluated the effectiveness of increased nitrogen (N) fertilization in reducing the effects of salt stress. Two concomitant experiments were carried out under controlled conditions, using drainage lysimeters. The Experiment I evaluated the effects of the application of five levels of saline water on three combinations of scion-rootstocks grafted with 'Mimo de Ceu' orange, in a randomized block design with three replicates in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme. The Experiment II evaluated the application of two N levels (100 and 200% of recommendation) in three scion-rootstock combinations irrigated with water of electrical conductivity of 3.0 dS m-1, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The maximum quantum efficiency of PSII was inhibited in citrus plants under salt stress. 'Mimo do Ceu' orange grafted onto 'Common' Rangpur lime has higher yield potential. The increase in N dose did not reduce the deleterious effects of water salinity on fruit production.
Dual crop coefficient of common bean in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso
Authors: Fenner William , Dallacort Rivanildo , Freitas Paulo S. L. de , Faria Júnior Cleonir A. , Carvalho Marco A. C. de , Bariviera Guilherme
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the dual crop coefficient of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for Tangará da Serra-MT, Brazil. The study used the FAO-56 dual kc method, dividing the kc into soil evaporation coefficient (ke), determined in microlysimeters, and basal crop coefficient (kcb), determined in weighing lysimeters. The study was conducted from July 10 (sowing) to October 6, 2014 (harvest), using the common bean cultivar 'BRS Estilo' and a sprinkler irrigation system with a coefficient of uniformity greater than 80%. The total rainfall and irrigation during the crop cycle (84 days) was 524.8 mm; the potential evapotranspiration (ETo) estimated for the period was 327.9 mm, whereas the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) accumulated during the cycle, determined in lysimeters, was equal to 477.5 mm. The kcb values determined for the initial, full development and final stages were 0.32, 1.10 and 0.81, respectively, while for ke, the respective values were 0.85, 0.40 and 0.53.
Physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled and stored in different packages
Authors: Virgolino Zirvaldo Z. , Resende Osvaldo , Gonçalves Douglas N. , Marçal Kaique A. F. , Sales Juliana de F.
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT The aeration of seeds with artificially cooled air and their storage in big-bag packages aim to lengthen the shelf life while maintaining the quality. Thus, the objective was to study the effects of cooling before storage on germination and vigor of soybean seeds stored in trifoliate kraft paper bag and big bag in non-air-conditioned environment. Seeds of soybean cultivar NA 7337 RR were mechanically harvested in March 2013, holding an average moisture content of 18% w.b. In June, 16,000 kg of seeds were processed and cooled to 18 °C. Equal amount of non-cooled seeds was used as a control. Equally divided in kraft paper and in big bags, and combining cooling and packaging, the seeds were stored for three months and analyzed for moisture content, germination and vigor. Cooling to room temperature and different packaging types had similar effects on seed quality. Big bags packing showed better efficiency in retaining the moisture content of cooled seeds. No direct effects of cooling could be identified prior to storage on the germination and vigor of soybean seeds.
Formação em cuidados paliativos: experiência de alunos de medicina e enfermagem
Authors: Costa Álvaro Percínio , Poles Kátia , Silva Alexandre Ernesto
Published: April 2016

Ganha destaque a importância da formação de profissionais capazes de lidar com a subjetividade necessária aos cuidados paliativos. Este é um estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que objetiva conhecer a experiência dos alunos de medicina e enfermagem durante atendimento a pacientes em cuidados paliativos, identificando dificuldades e aspectos formadores para esse cuidado. Destacaram-se cinco temas que compõem a experiência: mudança na percepção sobre cuidados paliativos, identificação com o paciente e a família, processo de racionalização e sensibilização, formação em cuidados paliativos e aprendizado com a prática e trabalho em equipe multidisciplinar. O estudo demonstra: a importância das atividades práticas no aprendizado em cuidados paliativos, a valorização do trabalho multidisciplinar, o sofrimento pelo processo de autoidentificação com o paciente em final de vida, e o ciclo de empatia e distanciamento resultante na maturidade emocional necessária ao paliativismo.
Construir e mobilizar conhecimentos numa relação crítica com os saberes
Authors: Crahay Marcel , Marcoux Géry
Published: April 2016

A abordagem por competência - APC - firmou-se em grande parte dos sistemas educacionais. Sua ambição: renovar o ensino dando ênfase à resolução de problemas e, com isso, superar a aprendizagem pelos alunos de saberes "mortos". Assim, a APC introduz na escola uma preocupação renovada com a mobilização dos saberes. Mas o risco de cair no utilitarismo é grande: apenas os conhecimentos úteis seriam dignos de ser ensinados. No caso, ocorre um deslocamento ideológico: o pragmatismo anglo-saxão substitui o humanismo sustentado sobretudo pela filosofia das luzes. Os autores deste artigo esboçam uma via intermediária entre essas duas visões da escola.
Enzyme optimization to reduce the viscosity of pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) juice
Authors: Ongaratto Ricardo Schmitz , Viotto Luiz Antonio
Published: April 2016

Summary The aim of this work was to separately evaluate the effects of pectinase and cellulase on the viscosity of pitanga juice, and determine the optimum conditions for their use employing response surface methodology. The independent variables were pectinase concentration (0-2.0 mg.g–1) and cellulase concentration (0-1.0 mg.g–1), activity time (10-110 min) and incubation temperature (23.2-56.8 °C). The use of pectinase and cellulase reduced the viscosity by about 15% and 25%, respectively. The results showed that enzyme concentration was the most important factor followed by activity time, and for the application of cellulase the incubation temperature had a significant effect too. The regression models showed correlation coefficients (R2) near to 0.90. The pectinase application conditions that led to the lowest viscosity were: concentration of 1.7 mg.g–1, incubation temperature of 37.6 °C and incubation time of 80 minutes, while for cellulase the values were: concentration of 1.0 mg.g-1, temperature range of 25 °C to 35 °C and incubation time of 110 minutes.
O Impacto do Programa São Paulo faz Escola em Professores Iniciantes
Authors: Barros Ricardo Abdalla , Azevedo Maria Antonia Ramos de
Published: April 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho procurou potencializar reflexões acerca do trabalho docente de professores iniciantes da área de Língua Portuguesa e Literatura que atuam no contexto do Programa São Paulo faz escola. Para isso realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de um estudo de caso, no qual se inseriram: análise documental, entrevistas e acompanhamento desses docentes. É visível nos dados analisados o sentimento de que foi retirado desses professores a autoria e a autonomia de intervenção profissional. Além disso, observamos a pressão que os docentes sofrem para que os alunos, nas avaliações meramente quantitativas da aprendizagem, apresentem notas altas, desconsiderando por completo o processo vivido no decorrer do ano letivo.
Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica e Formação de Docentes para a Escola do Campo
Authors: Taffarel Celi Nelza Zulke , Santos Júnior Cláudio de Lira
Published: April 2016

Resumo: O presente texto trata de uma crítica ao Programa Escola Ativa, identifica contradições a partir da experiência da Universidade Federal da Bahia e apresenta elementos superadores através da proposta de um curso de Especialização em Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica para professores de Classes Multisseriadas dentro do Programa Escola da Terra, que substitui o Programa Escola Ativa. Defendemos a formação dos professores das escolas do campo a partir de uma política contínua e desenvolvida sob a base teórica materialista, histórica e dialética, sintonizada com os interesses da classe trabalhadora.
Ideologia e divulgação científica: uma análise bakhtiniana do discurso da revista Ciência Hoje
Authors: Costa Luiz Rosalvo
Published: April 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é explorar, com base em proposições teóricas do Círculo de Bakhtin, as relações entre discurso e ideologia, tomando como objeto de investigação o discurso de divulgação científica da revista Ciência Hoje. Operando com a ideia de que o enunciado concreto é o locus privilegiado de constituição da ideologia, o artigo focaliza dois editoriais da revista (um da década de 1980 e outro da década de 1990) procurando mostrar como embates ideológicos da sociedade contemporânea se manifestam em sua arquitetura.
Argumentação gráfica na prosa ensaística da revista Pesquisa FAPESP
Authors: Machado Irene
Published: April 2016

RESUMO O artigo1 explora o conceito de argumentação gráfica como exercício da prosa de caráter ensaístico que se desenvolveu na expansão da escrita em textos impressos. Entende que ao ampliar o escopo da palavra no contexto de processos gráficos visuais como os desenhos, a fotografia e os infográficos, os argumentos são muito mais realizações do raciocínio diagramático do que das elaborações retóricas. Prova disso são os argumentos gráficos que se tornaram modelizações inalienáveis dos textos da comunicação científica, tais como produzidos na revista Pesquisa FAPESP.
Popularização da ciência: a interdiscursividade entre ciência, pedagogia e jornalismo
Authors: Motta-Roth Désirée , Scherer Anelise Scotti
Published: April 2016

RESUMO O discurso científico produzido por e para especialistas chega, por meio da popularização da ciência (PC), à esfera pública da mídia, passando por deslocamentos no tempo, no espaço social e no discurso. Essa hibridização entre ciência e jornalismo gera o discurso do jornalismo científico, que busca tornar conhecido o desconhecido ou compreensível o hermético como um ato pedagógico. Consideramos esse processo como recontextualização do discurso da esfera científica na esfera jornalística, mediada pelo discurso pedagógico. Argumentamos, neste trabalho, que a notícia de PC e o artigo científico são membros de um mesmo sistema de gêneros que tornam público o discurso da ciência. Primeiramente, identificamos nosso quadro teórico de referência e as concepções de PC, sistema de gêneros e recontextualização. Em seguida, exploramos a interdiscursividade em um exemplar do gênero notícia de PC, ressaltando as relações existentes entre ciência, jornalismo e pedagogia nesse gênero.
La vulgarisation scientifique au croisement de nouvelles sphères d'activité langagière
Authors: Moirand Sophie , Reboul-Touré Sandrine , Ribeiro Michele Pordeus
Published: April 2016

RESUME Dans cet article, on aborde le champ de la vulgarisation scientifique en mettant l'accent sur les différentes sphères d'activité langagière qui s'y croisent. On rappelle d'abord le modèle classique et linéaire de la diffusion scientifique avant de montrer le déplacement qui s'est ensuite produit avec l'intervention des médias traditionnels, qui, notamment lors d'événements scientifiques, ont fait dialoguer différentes communautés langagières (politiques, associations de consommateurs, agriculteurs, chercheurs, etc.). On aborde enfin les changements apportés par les nouveaux outils technologiques dans des formes de participation et de prise de parole qu'autorise l'internet.
Market Behavior for in Shell Brazil Nuts Produced in Brazil from 2000 to 2010
Authors: Schirigatti Elisangela Lobo , Aguiar Giovanna Paiva , Silva Joao Carlos Garzel Leodoro da , Frega José Roberto , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de , Hoeflich Vitor Afonso
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT This paper aimed to analyze the market behavior of in shell Brazil nuts produced by Brazil during the period of 2000 to 2010. In order to do it, structural brakes in the data were identified, the existence of correlations between the variables price, quantity and value was investigated; and the shift of the supply and demand curves was described for the nuts production. The trend model was used to identify the direction of the shift, by calculating the growth rates of national prices and of produced quantities. When analyzing the whole period (2000-2010), there was a positive shift of the demand curve, but when separately analyzing the two sub periods defined by the Chow test (2000-2005 and 2006-2010), a negative shift of the supply curve was identified on the first sub period, while the second subperiod revealed a positive shift of the supply curve. The results showed that the market of Brazil nuts is ascending and that the government’s incentive policies to the activity were effective.
Custo Social da Degradação da Qualidade Hídrica para o Abastecimento Público
Authors: Pompermayer Raquel , Angelo Humberto , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho propõe a determinação do custo social da degradação da qualidade hídrica em bacias hidrográficas de captação urbana do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Procurou-se elaborar um procedimento de valoração econômica que permita dimensionar a magnitude dos impactos da perda da cobertura florestal sobre o bem-estar social. Os impactos da degradação da qualidade hídrica foram estimados em duas classes de consumidores residenciais do sistema público de abastecimento de água. Na categoria popular (baixa renda), o custo social foi estimado em R$ 7,0 milhões por ano, o que representou 8,9% da despesa total de água dos consumidores dessa categoria no período de janeiro de 2003 a dezembro de 2008. Na categoria normal (de renda média a alta) o custo social foi estimado em R$ 12,9 milhões por ano, o equivalente 6,8% da despesa total de água desses consumidores no período estudado.
Quality of Eucalyptus Wood Grown in Rio de Janeiro State for Bioenergy
Authors: Dias Júnior Ananias Francisco , Costa Júnior Djailson Silva da , Andrade Azarias Machado de , Oliveira Elisabeth de , Lana Artur Queiroz , Brito José Otávio
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus saligna, from production areas of Rio de Janeiro State, intended for energy use. The selection consisted of six trees per specie, at six years old. The wood samples had its basic density determined, then, was subjected to the pyrolysis process with 500 °C of final temperature. Charcoal, pyroligneous liquid and non-condensable gases yields were determined. In addition, the charcoal had its immediate analysis performed to determine the levels of volatiles matter, fixed carbon and ash content. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and principal component analysis. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis were effective to predict recommended species. Based on the results, the most recommended specie for energy purposes was the Eucalyptus grandis.