bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Santo Augusto, entre idas e vindas: análise dos movimentos migratórios ocorridos numa perspectiva histórica
Authors: Paris Maria Stela , Linke Vinicius Brondani , Mueller Airton Adelar , Kelm Martinho Luis , Grzyboviski Denize
Published: February 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os movimentos migratórios ocorridos em Santo Augusto, um pequeno município do noroeste do estado Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil, desde sua emancipação política, na década de 1950, até o ano de 2017, investigando sua constituição, colonização, povoamento, dinâmica populacional e economia interna. O fenômeno migratório é contemporâneo nos estudos do campo sociológico, histórico e do desenvolvimento; sua origem é tanto econômica quanto social, e provoca mudanças na estrutura das cidades e do campo, bem como aumento/redução do lugar onde se vive. Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva desenvolvida pela estratégia estudo de caso. O processo de coleta de dados é caracterizado como uma pesquisa documental e entrevista, com abordagem qualitativa de dados. O estudo mostra que, desde sua existência, o município sempre apresentou oscilações em seu número de habitantes; que o poder público, assim como os órgãos ligados à agricultura, tenta conter o êxodo, por meio de ações que visem ao fortalecimento econômico local; e, ainda, que apesar de muitos não verem perspectiva de mudança, a maioria dos moradores torce e prefere acreditar que fatos novos surgirão, para que o município alcance o desenvolvimento desejado.
Desafios e mecanismos de enfrentamento na relação entre Agricultura Familiar e Alimentação Escolar
Authors: Teo Carla Rosane Paz Arruda , Mossmann Márcia Pozzagnol , Taglietti Roberta Lamonatto
Published: February 2018

Este texto objetiva reconhecer os desafios que têm sido relatados na literatura quanto à inserção da agricultura familiar no mercado institucional da alimentação escolar e os mecanismos de enfrentamento e superação desses desafios que têm sido construídos. Realizou-se revisão narrativa da literatura com busca na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, no Google Acadêmico e no Scientific Electronic Library Online, cruzando-se “alimentação escolar” and “agricultura”. Foram incluídos os materiais localizados que atenderam aos seguintes critérios: artigos, livros, dissertações, anais de eventos; formato completo, gratuito e on-line; publicados a partir de 2009; com aderência ao objetivo desta revisão. Entre os desafios que emergiram, destacam-se: logística, falta de assistência técnica e interesse de agricultores e/ou prefeituras, burocracia para habilitação dos agricultores e adequação às normas sanitárias, fragilidades das chamadas públicas, dificuldades financeiras, estruturais e de organização dos atores envolvidos com o PNAE, sua compreensão sobre o Programa e resistências às inovações. Quanto aos mecanismos de enfrentamento construídos, a literatura evidenciou: fortalecimento do diálogo, articulação intersetorial, apoio de instituições de ensino/pesquisa, assistência técnica e extensão rural, organização dos agricultores em associações/cooperativas, planejamento dialógico das chamadas públicas, aproximação entre gestores, Conselhos de Alimentação Escolar, agricultores e lideranças locais, investimentos estruturais do poder público e de agricultores/cooperativas e, sobretudo, vontade política. Apesar dos avanços observados, ainda é necessária maior aproximação entre gestores e agricultores, além de fortalecimento do Conselho de Alimentação Escolar, o que pode contribuir para a sustentabilidade da inserção da agricultura familiar na alimentação escolar.
Review of Kristina Schönfeldt (ed.), The Arctic in International Law and Policy
Authors: Bankes Nigel
Published: February 2018

no abstract
Toward an innovative approach of financing infrastructure in Asia
Authors: Rillo Aladdin D. , Ali Zulfiqar
Published: February 2018

Infrastructure development is critical for sustaining Asia’s economic growth. Unfortunately, huge financing gaps—estimated by a recent Asian Development Bank study to be USD22.5 trillion—constrain the ability of most emerging Asian countries to fully realize the benefits of infrastructure development. For instance, over 70% of infrastructure investments in Asia are still funded by public resources, which pose acute financing challenges for many countries with limited budgets and fiscal constraints. This paper discusses some of the challenges associated with public financing of infrastructure projects in emerging Asian countries, before introducing some new options for alleviating their infrastructure investment needs. In particular, it proposes a new approach to infrastructure financing by utilizing the spillover effects of infrastructure investment, where additional revenues generated from such investment can be channeled back to investors as subsidy to increase the returns to their investment. The paper also argues the need for Asian countries to implement fiscal reforms and to develop a more balanced approach to financing, one that involves both the private and public sector.
Constitutions and Citizenship: Lessons for African Countries
Authors: Mbaku John Mukum
Published: February 2018

Since the colonial period in Africa, ruling elites have manipulated laws regulating citizenship to advance their political and economic interests. The European colonialists used citizenship laws to enhance their ability to maintain control over the colonies and minimize the ability of Africans to fight for independence. Many Africans believed that independence and the establishment of new institutional arrangements would allow them to develop a common national citizenship, one in which all the citizens of each country would have equality before the law and be granted equal opportunity for self-actualization within all parts of the country, regardless of their racial or ethnic affiliation. However, in the post-independence period, incumbent political elites have been acting like their colonial counterparts and have used citizenship laws to get rid of critical and opposing voices by depriving these people of their nationality. In 1996, for example, Zambia’s ruling political party, the Movement for Multi-Party Democracy (MMD), adopted a new constitution, which effectively stripped the country’s independence president, Kenneth Kaunda, of his Zambian citizenship and prevented him from challenging the MMD for leadership of the country. Similarly, in 2000, then president of Côte d’Ivoire, Henri Konan Bédié, changed the constitution and introduced a citizenship clause that effectively disqualified the candidacy of his main opposition, Alassane Ouattara. South Africa’s apartheid regime, on the other hand, introduced a racially-based multilayered citizenship system in which individuals of European origin were placed at the top, enjoying full citizenship rights, and Africans were relegated to the bottom with extremely attenuated citizenship rights. Some African groups were actually forced to lose their South African citizenship. Citizenship is a complex issue and one that citizens of a country must deal with. The paper suggests that in doing so, African countries must not allow citizenship to be defined by race, ethnicity, religion, or other ascriptive traits, but by allegiance or fidelity to a set of values or ideals (e.g., democracy, rule of law, equality before the law) that define the nation.
Is the Inter-American Human Rights System Biased? A Quantitative Analysis of Regional Human Rights Litigation in the Americas
Authors: Zschirnt Simon
Published: February 2018

Although the Organization of American States’ Inter-American human rights system has played a key role in the advancement of human rights, its work has recently become controversial. Some leftist governments have alleged bias, criticizing the system as a politicized one that prioritizes certain rights over others and embodies a neoliberal ideology that reflects disproportionate US influence. The system has also faced perceptions of cultural bias from Anglophone Caribbean states. This article tests the veracity of these allegations using statistical analysis of Inter-American Commission on Human Rights decisions. It finds that, even when controlling for a range of relevant factors, there have been significant differences in the Commission’s receptiveness to different types of claims of human rights violations. However, the Commission’s decisions have not exhibited any political or cultural biases. Also, to the extent there has been bias involving the United States, it has arguably been bias against the United States.
Impeachment in the U. S. Constitution and Practice – Implications for the Czech Constitution
Authors: Tomoszek Maxim
Published: February 2018

The goal of this article is to critically evaluate, what role the impeachment plays in the U. S. Constitutional system and how it contributes to ensuring accountability of elected officials in the USA. To this end, the author will provide a short overview of the development of the institution of impeachment, discuss the current regulation of impeachment in the U. S. Constitution and the application of impeachment in practice, assessing its efficiency and role in the constitutional system. Finally, the conclusions will be reflected upon from the viewpoint of the Czech Constitutional system and its model of constitutional accountability.
Rule of Law in the United States. Stability is one of the World’s Most Valued Commodities
Authors: Dansby Joshua W.
Published: February 2018

“The rule of law is like the notion of ‘the good’. Everyone is for the good, although we hold different ideas about what the good is.” 1 Two primary ways of viewing the Rule of Law have developed over the years: the “thick” theory of the Rule of Law advocates that, in addition to laws that are publicly promulgated, equally enforced, and independently adjudicated, participation in government decisions (democracy) and consistency with international human rights law are essential for the Rule of Law in a society; the “thin” theory of the Rule of Law asserts that democracy and consistency with human rights law, while nice, are not essential for the Rule of Law. While the Rule of Law is often talked about in the context of developing countries that are coming out of conflict, there is little talk about the Rule of Law and its application to countries such as the United States. The past two years have seen the Rule of Law in the United States threatened as it has never been before, with Senators refusing to do their constitutional duty, a President that threatens to disregard the rulings of the judiciary, and judges both politicizing and abdicating their role as the interpreters of the law. Using a definition of the “thin” theory of the Rule of Law formulated by Brian Tamanahan, I ultimately argue that it not only is, but should be the case that a product of the Rule of Law, stability, a combination of security and predictability, is one of the world’s most valued commodities; and that Rule of Law, rather than the Rule of Man, is and should always be the bedrock of the United States of America.
The Dispute between the Constitutional Tribunal and the Supreme Court over Interpretative Verdicts in the Republic of Poland
Authors: Dąbrowski Marcin
Published: February 2018

The article is focused on a serious dispute between the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Tribunal over interpretative verdicts in the Republic of Poland. This kind of decisions are issued by the Tribunal. Interpretative verdicts contain explanation (interpretation) of a statutory provision, which constitutionality is controlled by the Tribunal. The main problem is, if this kind of decisions bind other courts. Judges of the Tribunal Court claim that courts, including the Supreme Court, are suppose to obey interpretative verdicts. The judges of Supreme Court maintain that this kind of decisions only indicates one of possible interpretation of a statutory provision and courts don’t have to follow it. In the article the author describes this type of verdicts, their history and explains the essence of the dispute.
Hate Speech, Democratic Legitimacy and the Age of Trump
Authors: Kahn Rob
Published: February 2018

Should democracies punish hate speech? Eric Heinze, Professor of Law and Humanities at Queen Mary, University of London, has written an important new book on this subject, Hate Speech and Democratic Citizenship. At the center of Heinze’s book is a revolutionary idea: Instead of debating whether democracies per se can or cannot legitimately ban hate speech (which assumes all democracies are the same), we should only condemn hate speech as illegitimate in those democracies that are longstanding, stable and prosperous. In this essay, I show how Heinze’s idea frees the debate over hate speech regulation from the Europe vs. America dichotomy that has haunted it for years, while carrying a special poignancy for the United States in the age of Trump.
Neurological Critical Care Services’ Influence Following Large Hemispheric Infarction and Their Impact on Resource Utilization
Authors: Shah Syed Omar , Au Yu Kan , Rincon Fred , Vibbert Matthew
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the fourth leading cause of death in the US. Numerous studies have demonstrated the use of comprehensive stroke units and neurological intensive care units (NICU) in improving outcomes after stroke. We hypothesized that an expanded neurocritical care (NCC) service would decrease resource utilization in patients with LHI.

Methods: Retrospective data from consecutive admissions of large hemispheric infarction (LHI) patients requiring mechanical ventilation were acquired from the hospital medical records. Between 2011-2013, there were 187 consecutive patients admitted to the Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience (Philadelphia, USA) with AIS and acute respiratory failure. Our intention was to determine the number of tracheostomies done over time. The primary outcome measure was the number of tracheostomies over time. Secondary outcomes were, ventilator-free days (Vfd), total hospital charges, intensive care unit length of stay (ICU-LOS), and total hospital length of stay (hospital-LOS), including ICU LOS. Hospital charges were log-transformed to meet assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity of residual variance terms. Generalized Linear Models were used and ORs and 95% CIs calculated. The significance level was set at α = 0.05.

Results: Of the 73 patients included in this analysis, 33% required a tracheostomy. There was a decrease in the number of tracheostomies undertaken since 2011. (OR 0.8; 95% CI 0.6-0.9: p=0.02).

Lower Vfd were seen in tracheostomized patients (OR 0.11; 95%CI 0.1-0.26: p<0.0001). The log-hospital charges decreased over time but not significantly (OR 0.9; 95%CI 0.78-1.07: p=0.2) and (OR 0.99; 95%CI 0.85-1.16: p=0.8) from 2012 to 2013 respectively.

The ICU-LOS at 23 days vs 10 days (p=0.01) and hospital-LOS at 33 days vs 11 days (p=0.008) were higher in tracheostomized patients.

Conclusion: The data suggest that in LHI-patients requiring mechanical ventilation, a dedicated NCC service reduces the overall need for tracheostomy, increases Vfd, and decreases ICU and hospital-LOS.
Brain Death in Children: Incidence, Donation Rates, and the Occurrence of Central Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Yener Nazik , Paksu Muhammed Şükrü , Köksoy Özlem
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Brain death is currently defined as the loss of full brain function including the brainstem. The diagnosis and its subsequent management in the pediatric population are still controversial. The aim of this study was to define the demographic characteristics, clinical features and outcomes of patients with brain death and determine the incidence of brain death, donation rates and occurrence of central diabetes insipidus accompanying brain death in children.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a twelve-bed tertiary-care combined medical and surgical pediatric intensive care unit of the Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey. In 37 of 341 deaths (10.8%), a diagnosis of brain death was identified. The primary insult causing brain death was post-cardiorespiratory arrest in 8 (21.6%), head trauma in 8 (21.6%), and drowning in 4 (18.9%). In all patients, transcranial Doppler ultra-sound was utilised as an ancillary test and test was repeated until it was consistent with brain death.

Results: In 33 (89%) patients, central diabetes insipidus was determined at or near the time brain death was confirmed. The four patients not diagnosed with CDI had acute renal failure, and renal replacement treatment was carried out. The consent rate for organ donation was 18.9%, and 16.7% of potential donors proceeded to actual donation.

Conclusion: In the current study the consent rate for organ donation is relatively low compared to the rest of the world. The prevalence of central diabetes insipidus in this pedaitric brain death population is higher than reports in the literature, and acute renal failure accounted for the lack of central diabetes insipidus in four patients with brain death. Further studies are needed to explain normouria in brain-dead patients.
Post-Pneumonectomy ARDS and Ogilvie Syndrome – A Case Report
Authors: Stoica Radu T. , Cordoș Ioan , Macri Anca
Published: February 2018

Introduction: The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe hypoxemic acute lung injury that may com­plicate lung resections. Reported mortality is very high, up to 50%. This report covers an ARDS case occurring post left pneumonectomy, with a favorable outcome, despite association with an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction syndrome (Ogilvie syndrome) that required abdominal surgery for decompression.

Case report: A 60-year old Caucasian male, diagnosed with a stage IIIA left lung tumor underwent a left pneumonec­tomy. On the second postoperative day, the patient developed ARDS, requiring ventilatory support. Two days later, as the multiple organ dysfunction worsened, a bowel obstruction occurred. With an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction diagnosis, the decision was to perform laparotomy and a temporary cecostomy. A subsequent improvement in the respiratory parameters and vital functions resulted in weaning from ventilator 8 days after the onset of the ARDS and transfer to the surgery ward 14 days after pneumonectomy.
Therapeutic adherence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mazur-Nicorici Lucia , Sadovici-Bobeica Victoria , Garabajiu Maria , Mazur Minodora
Published: February 2018

Introduction. The aim of the research was the study of the adherence to treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods. Cross-sectional study including 132 consecutive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLICC, 2012 classification criteria). We collected clinical and socio-demographic data, socio-economic status; we assessed SLEDAI-2k disease activity, and estimated the adherence to treatment by Morisky questionnaire.

Results. Our results demonstrated that low adherence to treatment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was in only 11.36% of patients, while 43.18% and 45.46% of the patients were scored as moderate and high adherence, respectively. A moderate/high adherence to treatment was associated to a high level of education (r = −0.51, p < 0.05, 95% CI = −0.25 to −0.66), low disease activity (r = 0.38, p < 0.05, 95% CI = 0.25 to 0.53) and low indices of physician global assessment (r = −0.31, p<0.05, 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.71). The sub-analysis of the adherence to each drug demonstrated that the highest adherence was to treatment with glucocorticosteroids – 92.85%, followed by hydroxychloroquine and aspirin – 92.15% and 89.79%, respectively.

Conclusion. In our cohort, the adherence to treatment was high in 45.46%, moderate in 43.18% and low in only 11.36% cases. High adherence to treatment was associated to low disease activity. The adherence was positively influenced by the age at the onset of the disease and a high educational level.
The Role of Planktonic Algae in the Ecological Assessment of Storage-Reservoirs of the ILI-Balkhash Basin
Authors: Barinova Sophia , Krupa Elena , Romanova Sophia
Published: February 2018

The largest wastewater treatment systems include Sorbulak and Kurty reservoirs, and the small storage ponds were studied in the summer of 2017 and characterized mainly by organic pollution. Phytoplankton communities were represented by species tolerant of organic and toxic pollution. Cyanobacteria dominated in the reservoirs, and dinophyte algae were only in the Kurty Reservoir. According to the results of CCA analysis, only Cr and certain nutrients had a significant effect on the abundance of algae. A statistically positive significant association between the Shannon index and the average algal cell mass was established. The results obtained are a particular example reflecting the non-linearity of changes in plankton communities in the gradient of nutrient loading and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems.
Ambophily in the Dioecious Weedy Mangrove Associate, Excoecaria agallocha (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Karamsetty Henry Jonathan , Aluri Jacob Solomon Raju
Published: February 2018

Excoecaria agallocha is a deciduous tree species dispersed as mangrove associate in oligohaline to polyhaline areas of the mangrove forest. The existence of male and female tree ratio is 2:1. The ratio of male to female flowers is 16:1. It is an constrained out-crosser and is pollinated by insects like bees, flies, butterflies, and wind, which constitute ambophily. Anemophily make certain the realization of sexual reproduction if the insect pollinators are nor present and such a breeding system is a “fail-safe” strategy for reproductive assurance during colonization. Natural fruit set rate is 92%. Fruit predation by Chrysocoris partricius is 25%; it consumes the fruits prior to their fall from the mother plant. This tree species occupies the cleared or open areas within the mangrove forest and acts as an invasive mangrove associate.
Microbiological Leaching; an Environmentally Friendly and Cost Effective Method for Extraction of Metals
Authors: Ghobeiti-Hasab Mehdi , Khoshnood Zahra
Published: February 2018

Finding a cleaner, environmentally friendly and cost-effective way of metal and mineral extraction has a great importance in today’s world. Using microorganisms in bio-leaching and bio-oxidation process is of great value. From Archaea to bacteria and fungi, microorganisms can play an important role in extraction of metals from mine drainage and un-accessible sources, both in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Optimization of environmental factors such as the temperature, pH and substrate concentration is crucially important to access the optimum extraction of selected metals from an ore or mine drainage. The present paper will review the bio-leaching and bio-oxidation process of minerals with emphasis on the most well-known species of bacterial communities of such ability, through the literature.
Aquatic and Semiaquatic Heteroptera (Nepomorpha) from the Strei River Basin
Authors: Ilie Daniela , Olosutean Horea
Published: February 2018

During a field campaign in the Strei River basin in August 2014, seven suitable habitats for aquatic and semi-aquatic true bugs were identified from the confluence of the Strei River with the Bărbat River down to the confluence with the Mureș River. Forty-eight individuals belonging to 15 species and nine families of aquatic and semi-aquatic true bugs were sampled. We mention two species considered rare in Romanian fauna: Hebrus montanus and Microvelia pygmaea. The statistic-mathematical analysis showed the similarity of the true bugs’ communities from habitats with similar conditions, as well as the relation of each species with particular habitat conditions, emphasizing the fact that Gerris lacustris is present in the majority of the investigated habitats, while the rest of the species are conditioned mostly by the ratio between the areas with open water and those covered by aquatic vegetation.
Diversion of Fishing Pressure on the Economically Important Species Barbus barbus (Linnaeus, 1758) to Protect the Community Interest Congeneric Barbus meridionalis Risso 1826, Based on a Decision-Support Management System
Authors: Cismaş Cristina , Bănăduc Doru , Curtean-Bănăduc Angela
Published: February 2018

The ADONIS:CE instrument has been used in the field of congeners species, Barbus barbus – of economic interest and Barbus meridionalis – of conservation interest, to build a support-system model for management decision-making. Analysis of the habitat needs and the indicators for favorable conservation status have identified pressures and threats to these fish species for which management actions have been proposed. This management system favors the decrease of fishing pressure on Barbus meridionalis species by its transfer to Barbus barbus species.
Natural Values of the Urban River Valley and the Possibilities of its Development – Bystrzyca River Valley Study Case (Poland)
Authors: Sender Joanna , Maslanko Weronika
Published: February 2018

The paper presents the multi-functionality of the river valley in ecological, social and economic terms. The biotic and abiotic elements, as well as aspects of its protection and environmental threats were characterized. Successively, based on above research, public participation and SWOT analysis, a variant design was carried out. Finally, the concept of the development of the Bystrzyca River valley and its surroundings was developed, mainly aimed at the protection, enrichment, development of recreation and fulfill social needs in accordance with principles of landscape design and sustainable development.
Modeling an Effective Program for Latina/o College Student Success
Authors: Gonzalez Kenneth P. , Meling Vanessa S.
Published: February 2018

This article presents a case study of the design, implementation, and results of a program developed to increase Latina/o student success at a Hispanic-Serving Institution. A team of university faculty, staff, and administrator researchers drew from four sources of evidence to design and examine the effects of the program, including: (a) longitudinal cohort data, (b) the scholarly literature on Latina/o student success, (c) focus group data with students, and (d) syllabi analysis data. Participants in the program demonstrated increased mid-term grade point average (GPA), end of first-term GPA, and fall-to-fall persistence.
Becoming an Hispanic-Serving Research Institution: Involving Graduate Students in Organizational Change
Authors: Marin Patricia , Pereschica Priscilla
Published: February 2018

The changing demographics of higher education have led to an increase in the number and type of Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs). As research universities continue to see a rise in the enrollment of Latino/a students, a better understanding of the implications of this change within the existing institutional context will be essential to best serve this growing community of students. We position our study within a tradition of organizational culture theory that points to the importance of organizational actors’ interpretations, perspectives, and actions in order to understand an organization’s general behavior and change. By acknowledging the importance of graduate students within research universities, we focus on their perspectives at an Emerging Hispanic-Serving Research Institution (HSRI) and ask, “What are the organizational culture implications of an HSI designation for a research university?” Our analysis revealed four important themes: communicating institutional pride as an HSRI, engaging the benefits of an HSRI, operationalizing a serving mission, and involving graduate students as institutional actors at HSRIs. Institutional recommendations that follow from our findings include providing clear communication regarding HSI status, objectives, and commitment; assessing the campus climate; and increasing graduate student involvement as key leaders within HSRIs.
Presidential Leadership: Improving Completion Rates of Latino Male Students at Texas Community Colleges
Authors: Ponjuán Luis , Palomín Leticia , Hernández Susana
Published: February 2018

Enrollment rates for Latino male students continue to increase at community colleges; unfortunately, compared to their other racial and/or ethnic male counterparts they are less likely to earn a college credential or degree. This qualitative study explores the narratives of six presidents at Texas community colleges designated as Hispanic-Serving Institutions. We asked these presidents to describe their perceptions of their institution’s awareness and commitment to improve degree completion outcomes of Latino male students. We utilized cultural and social-cognition theories to help understand how these presidents may change or shift their institution’s efforts to address this pressing issue. Based on the findings, three key themes emerged that described how these leaders perceived their respective institution. Our findings suggest these presidents are concerned with the low completion rates for Latino male students; however, their institutions need to better align their institution's core values, mission, and culture to support educational outcomes of Latino male students. Lastly, we highlight how other community college presidents could enhance their institution’s commitment to improve degree completion rates of Latino male students.
A Critical Look at Perspectives of Access and Mission at High Latinx-Enrolling Urban Universities
Authors: Zerquera Desiree D. , Arámbula Ballysingh Tracy , Templeton Emerald
Published: February 2018

This article examines administrators’ perspectives related to embracing and fulfilling a diversity- and access-centered mission at urban-serving universities with high Latinx enrollment. Considering today’s context of higher education—whereby access and opportunities for Latinx and other marginalized populations has become increasingly stratified—this timely work seeks to foster dialogue regarding how to best uphold an access-centered mission. To achieve this, we framed the study using a critical lens that defines leadership for access as a leadership model that must focus on transformation for the greater good. Our critical lens also critically interrogates the meaning and implementation of “diversity” agendas on America’s college campuses. Organizational sensemaking offers an analytical frame to situate administrators’ accounts and trigger sensemaking processes, particularly with respect to identity and enactment of the environment. The study analyzes interviews with 21 administrators across four urban campuses within the same state and examines the administrators’ commitment to and fulfillment of an access- and diversity-centered mission. The study categorizes the administrators’ perspectives into three key areas: 1) diversity as an assumed identity as a by-product of situation within a diverse region; 2) diversity as a double-edged sword; and 3) enactment of a diversity- and access-centered mission.
Psychometric validation of the Columbia-Suicide Severity rating scale in Spanish-speaking adolescents
Authors: Serrani Azcurra Daniel jl
Published: February 2018

Introduction:Adolescent suicide is a major public health issue, and early and accurate detection is of great concern. There are many reliable instruments for this purpose, such as the Columbia-Suicide severity rating scale (C-SSRS), but no validation exists for Spanish speaking Latin American adolescents.Objetive:To assess psychometric properties and cut-off scores of the C-SSRS in Spanish speaking adolescents.Methods:Exploratory assessment with principal component analysis (PCA) and Varimax rotation, and confirmatory analysis (CFA) were performed on two groups with 782 and 834 participants respectively (N=1616). Mean age was 24.8 years. A Receiver operator analysis was applied to distinguish between control and suicide-risk subgroups adolescents.Results:Promax rotation yielded two 10-items factors, for suicide ideation and behavior respectively. C-SSRS was positively correlated with other suicide risk scales, such as Beck Depression Inventory-II, Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, or PHQ-9. Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution as the best goodness of fit model. C-SSRS showed adequate ability to detect suicide risk group with positive predictive value of 68.3%. ROC analyses showed cutoff scores of ≥ 6 and ≥ 4 for suicide ideation and behavior scales respectivelyConclusion:This research offers data supporting psychometric validity and reliability of C-SSRS in nonclinical Spanish-speaking students. Added benefits are flexible scoring and management easiness. This questionnaire yields data on distinct aspects of suicidality, being more parsimonious than separate administration of a bunch of questionnaires.
Characterization of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter ssp. strains isolated from medical intensive care units in Cali - Colombia.
Authors: Gómez Romel Fabian , Castillo Andres , Chávez-Vivas Mónica
Published: February 2018

Introduction:The extensive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multi-resistant strains in some species of the genus Acinetobacter.Objective:To investigate the molecular characteristics of multidrug-resistant of Acinetobacter ssp. strains isolated from 52 patients collected between March 2009 and July 2010 in medical intensive care units in Cali - Colombia.Methods:The susceptibility to various classes of antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method, and the determination of the genomic species was carried out using amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and by sequencing of the 16s rDNA gene. Also, the genes of beta-lactamases as well as, integrases IntI1 and IntI2 were analyzed by PCR method.Results:The phenotypic identification showed that the isolates belong mainly to A. calcoaceticus- A. baumannii complex. All of them were multi-resistant to almost the whole antibiotics except to tigecycline and sulperazon, and they were grouped into five (I to V) different antibiotypes, being the antibiotype I the most common (50.0%). The percent of beta-lactamases detected was: blaTEM (17.3%), blaCTX-M (9.6%), blaVIM (21.2%), blaIMP (7.7%), blaOXA-58 (21.2%), and blaOXA-51 (21.2%). The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the isolates were clustering to A. baumannii (74.1%), A. nosocomialis (11.1%) and A. calcoaceticus (7.4 %). Besides, the integron class 1 and class 2 were detected in 23.1% and 17.3% respectively.Conclusion:The isolates were identified to species A. baumanii mainly, and they were multiresistant. The resistance to beta-lactams may be by for presence of beta-lactamases in the majority of the isolates.
Analysis of combat casualties admitted to the emergency department during the negotiation of the comprehensive Colombian process of peace
Authors: Ordoñez Carlos A , Manzano Nunez Ramiro , Parra Michael W , Herrera Escobar Juan P , Naranjo Maria P , Escobar Sara S , Badiel Marisol , Morales Monica , Cevallos Cecibel , Bayona Juan G. , Sanchez Alvaro Ignacio , Puyana Juan Carlos , García Alberto F
Published: February 2018

Aim: Our objective was to describe the variations in casualties admitted to the emergency department during the period of the negotiation of the comprehensive peace agreement in Colombia between 2011 and 2016.Methods: A retrospective study of all hostile military casualties managed at a regional Level I trauma center from January 2011 to December 2016. Patients were subsequently divided into two groups: those seen before the declaration of the process of peace truce (November 2012) and those after (negotiation period). Variables were compared with respect to periodsResults: A total of 448 hostile casualties were registered. There was a gradual decline in the number of admissions to the emergency department during the negotiation period. The number of soldiers suffering blast and rifle injuries also decreased over this period. In 2012 there were nearly 150 hostile casualties' admissions to the ER. This number decreased to 84, 63, 32 and 6 in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. Both, the proportion of patients with an ISS ≥9 and admitted to the intensive care unit were significantly higher in the period before peace negotiation. From August to December/2016 no admissions of war casualties were registered.Conclusion: We describe a series of soldiers wounded in combat that were admitted to the emergency department before and during the negotiation of the Colombian process of peace. Overall, we found a trend toward a decrease in the number of casualties admitted to the emergency department possibly in part, as a result of the period of peace negotiation.
Prediabetes in Colombia: Expert Consensus
Authors: López-Jaramillo Patricio , Calderón Carlos , Castillo Jorge , Escobar Iván Darío , Melgarejo Enrique , Parra Gustavo Adolfo
Published: February 2018

The prevalence of Prediabetes in Colombia is high, and despite being recognized and categorized in the main Medical Guidelines and included in the International Classification of Diseases in Colombia, knowledge and awareness of it is limited amongst healthcare professionals and in the community. Our expert group recommends that educational programs emphasize a global approach to risk which includes a recognition of the importance of prediabetes and its evaluation along with and other risk factors such as a family history of DM2, overweight and obesity, dislipidemia and hypertension. Studies conducted in Colombia demonstrate the value of the FINDRIS questionnaire as a tool to identify subjects at risk of prediabetes and DM2, and we recommend that it should be systematic applied throughout the country as part of government policy.Prediabetes progresses to DM2 at an annual rate of 10%, but it has also been shown that prediabetes is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. On this basis, the Committee recommends that once prediabetes is detected and diagnosed, immediate management of the disease begins through lifestyle changes, with follow up assessments performed at 3 and 6 months. If the patient does not respond with a weight loss of at least 5% and if the HbA1C values ​​are not normalized, pharmacological management should be initiated with a metformin dose of 500 mg / day, increasing up to 1,500 - 1,700 mg / day, according to tolerance.
PEMBELAJARAN MATERI EKOSISTEM DENGAN JIGSAW MELALUI HYPERMEDIA DAN MODUL DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MEMORI DAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL SISWA
Authors: Lukitaningsih Tri
Published: February 2018

The objectives of the research were to know: 1) the effect of Jigsaw learning through Hypermedia and module toward  student’s achievement; 2) the effect of high and low memory ability toward  student’s achievement; 3) the effect of high and low social interaction toward  student’s achievement; 4) interaction between learning media and memory ability toward student’s achievement; 5) interaction between learning media and social interaction toward the student’s achievement; 6) interaction between memory ability and student social interaction toward the student’s achievement; 7) interaction between learning media and memory ability and student social interaction toward the student’s achievement. The research sample was determined by random cluster sampling technique that consists of two classes. Data collection techniques for achievement tests and memory skills, social interaction questionnaire for. Anova test hypotheses using 2x2x2 factorial design with the help of software Minitab 15.1.2. Based on the research were concluded : 1)  There was an effect of with hypermedia and module toward the student’s achievement. 2) There was no effect of memory ability to ward student’s achievement. 3) There was an effect of social interaction  toward student’s achievement. 4) There was no interaction between learning media and student’s memory ability toward student’s achievement. 5) There was no interaction between learning media  and social interaction toward student’s achievement. 6) There was no interactoin memory ability and social interaction  toward student’s achievement. 7) There was no interaction memory ability, social interaction, and learning media  toward student’s achievement .
PROFIL KOMPETENSI SISWA SMP DI JAWA TIMUR DALAM MENYELESAIKAN TES BERFIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI PEMBELAJARAN SAINS
Authors: Subekti Hasan
Published: February 2018

Familiarize learners to communicate, think critically and creatively and to consider moral values of Pancasila is one Permendikbud 81 A mandate in 2013. The need for students to be exposed to high level thinking tests in Learning Science is to hone the skills of students at the high school level. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of student mastery and achievement test indicator junior high school students in East Java in resolving high level thinking tests of learning science. This study was conducted at 20, 23, and 28 November 2012 in three districts, there are: Blitar, Mojokerto, and Pamekasan. The population of this study were junior high school students in East Java with a sample of students SMP 3 Nglegok Blitar (15 peoples), SMP 2 Dlanggu Mojokerto (15 peoples) and SMP 7 Pamekasan (15 peoples) by using purposive sampling technique. Data sources such as student scores on the analysis of high-level thinking skills test developed by USAID Priority Team. Techniques of data collection conducted by researchers through the provision of test instruments to students, then corrected degree of truth answers based on predefined criteria. Analysis of data in quantitative descriptive data then qualitatived. The conclusions of this study are: competence Junior high school students in East Java in resolving high level thinking tests category learning science enough (enough with a mean value of C- with a score of 43.8) and achievement test results categorized good indicators, namely: (a) observation of characteristic Distinctive animals (75.6), and analyze the properties of liquid water (75.6).
KERAGAMAN SERANGGA PADA Oryza sativa L. DI KECAMATAN PILANGKENCENG DAN KECAMATAN KARE KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Fadilah Eni Nur , Primiani Cicilia Novi
Published: February 2018

The research aims to identify the insects in rice plants in the district Pilangkenceng and Kare Madiun. Research method using qualitative descriptive and in accordance with what is on the field. Data were collected by observation. Insects captured in two ways: directly and using flay arrest of the net. The results showed that the insects found in rice plant in the district of Pilangkenceng order Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Odonata, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera. Insects found in the District of Kare consists of the Order Orthoptera, Odonata, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Homoptera.
PENERAPAN MIND MAPPING DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS MAHASISWA PADA MATAKULIAH MIKROBIOLOGI MELALUI LESSON STUDY
Authors: Ardhi Muh. Waskito
Published: February 2018

Lesson study is a model of professional development of educators through collaborative research and continuous learning based on the principles of mutual kolegalitas and learning to build community study. Lesson study can be implemented at various levels of education , including college. The level of implementation of the Lesson study done is learning plan, implementation of learning, and reflection. Lesson study cycle is done 4 times with the topic Fungi, Sterilization, Media Bacteria and Isolation, and Environmental Microbiology. Lesson study results showed an increase in the quality of learning that is Microbiology Subjects with variations learning methods , learning strategies, media variations, and how to evaluate, especially in the use of Mind Mapping . Lesson study is ongoing implementation will accelerate the implementation of professional development learning. Increased professionalism of lecturers will be followed by an increase effectiveness of learning and teaching and will indirectly have an impact on improving the quality of education at large.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BIOLOGI SEL PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR
Authors: Muriati St.
Published: February 2018

Learning in UIN Alauddin is still limited knowledge to students, while, one mission to improve the quality of educators Biology in terms of belief, moral and scientific attitudes have not been implemented. This is caused by a lack of learning resources that connects Biology Science and its relation to scientific Qur'an. Cell Biology as subjects that reveal about the phenomenon of the smallest unit of life, it can be studied with scientific Qur'an. Therefore, it is necessary to develop teaching materials of Cell Biology with scientific Qur'an to achieve one mission in Biology Education Courses of UIN Alauddin Makassar to improve quality in terms of the creed of Biology Educators, moral and scientific attitude. Cell Biology purposes of teaching materials even this can help students to better understand the concept of Cell Biology abstract to concrete, because in Cell Biology teaching materials displayed image by using a reference cell that contains the results of research conducted by experts Cell BiologY. Thus, the implementation and achievement of learning objectives can be achieved optimally so that it can support contextual learning of Cell Biology.
EKSPLORASI JENIS BURUNG DI WANA WISATA GRAPE SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR TAKSONOMI VERTEBRATA BERBASIS GREEN LEARNING METHOD (GeLeM)
Authors: Yuhanna Wachidatul Linda , Ardhi Muh. Waskito , Prabowo Sigit Ari
Published: February 2018

Active learning using real learning environment is essential for developing a scientific attitude. Ecotourism is one of the ecosystems that can be used as a learning environment and a place to find teaching materials. Learning about zoology not be separated from the object of study of birds (Aves). Vertebrates Taxonomy learning in birds is often carried out a study object only in the classroom or laboratory. Green learning method is a learning system using natural environment directly in the learning process and the preparation of teaching materials. This research was conducted in Wana Grape, sub Wungu, Madiun. This study uses point count method. Exploration carried out by recording the observations of the object being observed, resulting in a general form of teaching materials that were analyzed descriptively. Application of green learning method makes it easy for professors to materials development courses Vertebrate taxonomy. The presence of green learning method provides real study materials from the natural surroundings by utilizing existing local potential. There are 7 species of birds that exist in ecotourism Grape. The most dominant species of birds are Emprit / Bondol Java (Lonchura leucogastroides), Erasia Church (Passer Montanus, Bar-winged prinia Java (Prinia familiaris). The most rare bird is Black Srigunting (Dicrurus macrocercus) and Cucak Kutilang (Pycnonotus aurigaster). Ecotourism Grape very relevant to learning and teaching materials manufacture taxonomy based green learning method.
ISOLASI ACTINOMYCETES DARI TANAH KEBUN SEBAGAI BAHAN PETUNJUK PRAKTIKUM MIKROBIOLOGI
Authors: Pujiati Pujiati
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study was to isolate actinomycetes from soil of tea plantations, Jamus ngawi as a microbiology lab manual chapter isolation and characterization of microbes. The medium used is the medium of MHA and MHB. Soil samples taken to a depth of 10-15 cm from the surface with capture location is about 07o 41'53,07 'S and 111o 37' 24.64 '' E. The isolates were obtained observed morphologic characters include colony shape, colony color, surface characteristics of colonies, colony growth, colony elevation, and the edge of the colony. Isolates of actinomycetes were successfully isolated are Streptomyces, Nocardia and Nocardiopsis. Actinomycetes isolates have been found that can be used as a collection of the microbiology laboratory.