bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capacity Building Needs of Home Economics Lecturers for Computer Assisted Teaching of Pattern Drafting for Entrepreneurship in South East Nigeria
Authors: Nwamaka N. Bob-Eze  , D. O Arubayi
Published: September 2022

This study looked at the capacity development requirements of Home Economics teachers in South East Nigeria for computer-assisted pattern drafting training. A research question and a hypothesis led the investigation. Ex-post facto research was used in this study. A total of 131 Home Economics lecturers from universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education in South East Nigeria were included in the study. Because of its manageable size, the complete population was investigated, so there was no sampling. Capacity Building Needs for Computer Assisted Teaching Questionnaire (CBNCATQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was face validated and tested for internal consistency using Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. Data obtained from the respondents were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Percentage, mean scores and standard deviation were used to answer the research question while the hypothesis was tested with a t-test at a 0.05 level of significance. The results of this study showed that training on the use of computers, ability to use various pattern drafting materials and equipment, availability of electricity to power equipment, and ability to follow basic principles of pattern drafting among others were capacity building needs of lecturers. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that lecturers should be given opportunities for in-service training on computer usage and workshops should be organized for the lecturers on the benefits of using computers in teaching.
Can Duodenal Biopsy Be Omitted in Patient With Positive Serum tTGA Antibody in The Diagnosis of Celiac Disease?
Authors: Al-Diab Jasim , Manual Rasha , Aljabery Hameed , Jarullah Hayder
Published: September 2022

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is caused by a reaction to the dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Measuring of serum IgA antibodies to human tissue transglutaminase (tTGA) can be used alone for the diagnosis of celiac disease. However, it is recommended that individuals with positive tTGA antibodies should have a duodenal biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of CD.
Objectives: This study aims to clarify the extent to which the anti tTGA serological assay can replace the need for performing duodenal biopsy in the diagnosis of CD.
Patients and Methods: This study was conducted in the Basrah University Teaching Hospital laboratory, Jasim Aldiab laboratory, and Al-Moosawi private hospital in the period of 1st January 2019 to 1st October 2021. The cases included in this study are 190 individuals subjected to tTGA serological test and duodenal biopsy. Marsh I and Marsh II categories were not considered diagnostic of CD, while Marsh III category was considered diagnostic of CD. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the tTGA test were calculated.
Results: The sensitivity of the tTGA was 57.1%, the specificity was 92%, the PPV was 95.2%, and the NPV was 43.4%.
Conclusions: The study concludes that the duodenal biopsy can be omitted in patients with negative serum tTGA antibody because of high specificity but cannot be used as a sole tool for the diagnosis of CD because of low sensitivity. Thus, depending on the serological test could lead to missed diagnosis of some CD cases.
Topological Spaces on Fuzzy Structures
Authors: Voskoglou Michael Gr.
Published: September 2022

Apart from their applications to almost all sectors of the human activity, fuzzy mathematics is also importantly developed on a theoretical basis providing useful links even to classical branches of pure mathematics, like Algebra, Analysis, Geometry, Topology, etc. The present paper comes across the steps that enabled the extension of the concept of topological space, the most general category of mathematical spaces, to fuzzy structures. Fuzzy and soft topological spaces are introduced in particular, the fundamental concepts of limits, continuity, compactness and Hausdorff space are defined on them and examples are provided illustrating them.
Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE
Authors: Chiginev Alexander V , Blagodatkin Anton V , Pimanov Dmitrii A , Matrozova Ekaterina A , Gordeeva Anna V , Pankratov Andrey L , Kuzmin Leonid S
Published: September 2022

Here we present the results of a numerical modeling of mode composition in the constriction of the Large Scale Polarization Explorer-Short-Wavelength Instrument for the Polarization Explorer (LSPE-SWIPE) back-to-back horn. These results are used for calculating the frequency response of arrays of planar dipole antennas with cold-electron bolometers for 145, 210, and 240 GHz frequencies. For the main frequency channel (i.e., 145 GHz) we have a 45 GHz bandwidth. For the auxiliary frequency channels (i.e., 210 and 240 GHz) placed on the same substrate, we have bandwidths of 26 and 38 GHz, respectively. We performed some optimizations for cold-electron bolometers to achieve a photon noise-equivalent power of 1.1 × 10−16 W/Hz1/2. This was achieved by replacing one of two superconductor–insulator–normal tunnel junctions with a superconductor–normal metal contact.
Literature Review: Pendekatan Berdiferensiasi Solusi Pembelajaran dalam Keberagaman
Authors: Ade Sintia Wulandari
Published: September 2022

Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi adalah pembelajaran yang mengakomodir, melayani, dan mengakui keberagaman siswa dalam belajar sesuai dengan kesiapan, minat, dan preferensi belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah literature review. Penelitian diawali dengan mencari artikel-artikel yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Kriteria artikel ilmiah yang digunakan sebagai data berupa artikel ilmiah yang bersumber dari jurnal nasional maupun internasional dengan kemutakhiran 10 tahun terakhir yaitu dari tahun 2012-2022. Hasil analisis 17 artikel jurnal diperoleh lebih banyak mengembangkan jenis penelitian PTK dan literature review dari jenis penelitian lainnya. Kemudian instrument yang digunakan cenderung mengukur hasil belajar, gaya belajar serta minat siswa, belum menyentuh ranah lainnya. Belum banyak artikel yang menjabarkan terkait dengan empat pembelajaran diferensiasi.
Karakterisasi Sensor MAX30102 Sebagai Alat Ukur Detak Jantung dan Suhu Tubuh Berbasis Photoplethysmograph
Authors: Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Deni Bako Tabriawan  , Imam Tazi
Published: September 2022

Karakterisasi sensor MAX30102 sebagai alat ukur detak jantung dan suhu tubuh telah dilakukan. Sensor dihubungkan dengan arduino uno dan LCD untuk menampilkan hasil pengukuran. Naracoba yang diukur ada delapan orang dengan usia yang bervariasi. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menempelkan ujung jari telunjuk tangan kiri pada sensor.  Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa nilai detak jantung dan suhu tubuh pada masing-masing naracoba berbeda. Rentang nilai detak jantung berkisar antara 76,4 bpm sampai dengan 110,4 bpm. Nilai suhu tubuh berkisar antara 36,320C sampai dengan 36,530C. Rata-rata standar deviasi pada pengukuran detak jantung adalah 1,19. Jika menganggap data dari pulse oximeter adalah valid maka sensor MAX30102 memiliki tingkat akurasi 97%. Rata-rata nilai standar deviasi sensor MAX3012 pada pegukuran suhu adalah 0,07. Rata-rata tingkat akurasi sensor jika dibandingkan dengan termometer adalah 99%.
A Research on the Factors Affecting the Negative Attitudes of Turkish Banking Sector Customers towards Branchless Digital Banking
Authors: BEYBUR Mustafa
Published: September 2022

The rapid digitalization in the banking sector has revealed the branchless digital banking approach, unlike the traditional banking approach, where branches are used extensively as distribution channels. The customer portfolios reached by the new generation branchless digital banks attract great notice. This new banking approach also attracted the attention of the Turkish banking sector and branchless digital banking activities were made possible with the regulations prepared by the BRSA. Branchless digital banking is a new field of activity in Turkish banking sector and it is accepted that on the adoption of an innovation by the users the intention towards the innovation is effective, and on the intention towards the innovation the attitude towards the innovation is effective. It is stated that many external factors are effective on the attitude towards innovation. Therefore, in this research, it has aims to investigate some factors that affect on the negative attitudes of bank customers towards branchless digital banking. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was applied to 357 traditional bank customers and the answers were subjected to regression analysis. With the regression analysis, the effects of trust, perceived usefulness, traditional bank usage habits and satisfaction factors on branchless digital banking on the negative attitude towards branchless digital banking were analyzed. The results show that the negative attitude towards branchless digital banking was significantly and positively affected by traditional bank usage habits, trust towards branchless digital banking and perceived benefit towards branchless digital banking, but not significantly affected by traditional bank satisfaction.
Instagram Influencerlarının Cinsiyetine Göre Tüketici Profillerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YILDIZ Selçuk Yasin
Published: September 2022

Sosyal medyanın günümüzde elektronik ticaretin merkezi haline gelmesi ve devasa pazar paylarına ulaşmasıyla birlikte, beraberinde birçok iş modeli de ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunların en çok bilineni olarak son yıllarda influencer pazarlaması dikkat çekmektedir. Burada önemli olan daha fazla kişiye ulaşmak değil, doğru influencerlar kullanılarak doğru kişilere ulaşmaktadır. Doğru kişilere ulaşmak için influencerları tanımak kadar, sosyal medya kullanıcılarını da doğru bir şekilde analiz etmek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal medyada faaliyet gösteren firmaların iş birliği yaptıkları influencerın cinsiyetlerine göre, takipçilerinin demografik profillerini belirlemektir. Instagram kullanıcılarının, hesaplarından takip ettikleri influencerlara yönelik araştırmanın yapıldığı bu çalışmada kümeleme analizi yapılarak tüketici profilleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Toplam 483 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler, kaynak güvenirliği teorisi ön planda tutularak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, kadın sosyal medya kullanıcılarının; kadın influencerların tanıttıkları ürün hakkındaki uzmanlıklarına önem verirken, erkek influencerların uzmanlığına dair algılarının düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Benzer özellikler taşıyan tüketicilerin genel olarak, kadın influencerlarda güvenilirlik ve çekicilik özelliklerini erkeklere influencerlara oranla daha fazla önemsedikleri ise araştırma ile elde edilen bir başka sonuç olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışma sosyal medya kullanan kişilerin, Instagram hesaplarından takip ettikleri influencerların cinsiyetlerine göre uzmanlık, çekicilik ve güvenilirlik hakkında düşüncelerini açıklamaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar ürün tanıtımlarında influencer kullanmak isteyen firmalara ve influencer pazarlaması hakkında çalışma yapmak isteyen araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler sunmaktadır.
3D Orbital Architecture of a Dwarf Binary System and Its Planetary Companion
Authors: Curiel Salvador , Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Mioduszewski Amy J. , Sanchez-Bermudez Joel
Published: September 2022

Because of the diversity of stellar masses and orbital sizes of binary systems and the complex interaction between star–star, star–planet, and planet–planet, it has been difficult to fully characterize the planetary systems associated with binary systems. Here, we report high-precision astrometric observations of the low-mass binary system GJ 896AB, revealing the presence of a Jupiter-like planetary companion (GJ 896Ab). The planetary companion is associated to the main star GJ 896A, with an estimated mass of 2.3 Jupiter masses and an orbit period of 284.4 days. A simultaneous analysis of the relative astrometric data obtained in the optical and infrared with several telescopes, and the absolute astrometric data obtained at radio wavelengths with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), reveals, for the first time, the fully characterized three-dimensional (3D) orbital plane orientation of the binary system and the planetary companion. The planetary and binary orbits are found to be in a retrograde configuration and with a large mutual inclination angle (Φ = 148°) between both orbital planes. Characterizing the 3D orbital architecture of binary systems with planets is important in the context of planet formation, as it could reveal whether the systems were formed by disk fragmentation or turbulence fragmentation, as well as the origin of spin–orbit misalignment. Furthermore, as most stars are in binary or multiple systems, our understanding of systems such as this one will help to further understand the phenomenon of planetary formation in general.
A 30 kpc Spatially Extended Clumpy and Asymmetric Galactic Outflow at z ∼ 1.7
Authors: Shaban Ahmed , Bordoloi Rongmon , Chisholm John , Sharma Soniya , Sharon Keren , Rigby Jane R. , Gladders Michael G. , Bayliss Matthew B. , Barrientos L. Felipe , Lopez Sebastian , Tejos Nicolas , Ledoux Cédric , Florian Michael K.
Published: September 2022

We image the spatial extent of a cool galactic outflow with fine-structure Fe ii* emission and resonant Mg ii emission in a gravitationally lensed star-forming galaxy at z = 1.70347. The Fe ii* and Mg ii (continuum-subtracted) emissions span out to radial distances of ∼14.33 and 26.5 kpc, respectively, with maximum spatial extents of ∼21 kpc for Fe ii* emission and ∼30 kpc for Mg ii emission. Mg ii emission is patchy and covers a total area of ∼184 kpc2, constraining the minimum area covered by the outflowing gas to be ∼13% of the total area. Mg ii emission is asymmetric and shows ∼21% more extended emission along the decl. direction. We constrain the covering fractions of the Fe ii* and Mg ii emission as a function of radial distance and characterize them with a power-law model. The Mg ii 2803 emission line shows two kinematically distinct emission components and may correspond to two distinct shells of outflowing gas with a velocity separation of Δv ∼ 400 km s−1. By using multiple images with different magnifications of the galaxy in the image plane, we trace the Fe ii* and Mg ii emissions around three individual star-forming regions. In all cases, both the Fe ii* and Mg ii emissions are more spatially extended compared to the star-forming regions traced by the [O ii] emission. These findings provide robust constraints on the spatial extent of the outflowing gas and, combined with outflow velocity and column density measurements, will give stringent constraints on mass-outflow rates of the galaxy.
The Atari Disk, a Metal-poor Stellar Population in the Disk System of the Milky Way
Authors: Mardini Mohammad K. , Frebel Anna , Chiti Anirudh , Meiron Yohai , Brauer Kaley V. , Ou Xiaowei
Published: September 2022

We have developed a chemodynamical approach to assign 36,010 metal-poor SkyMapper stars to various Galactic stellar populations. Using two independent techniques (velocity and action space behavior), Gaia EDR3 astrometry, and photometric metallicities, we selected stars with the characteristics of the “metal-weak” thick-disk population by minimizing contamination by the canonical thick disk or other Galactic structures. This sample comprises 7127 stars, spans a metallicity range of −3.50 < [Fe/H] < −0.8, and has a systematic rotational velocity of 〈V

ϕ
〉 = 154 km s−1 that lags that of the thick disk. Orbital eccentricities have intermediate values between typical thick-disk and halo values. The scale length is

h

R

=

2.48

−
0.05

+
0.05

kpc, and the scale height is

h

Z

=

1.68

−
0.15

+
0.19

kpc. The metallicity distribution function is well fit by an exponential with a slope of

Δ
log
N

/

Δ
[
Fe

/

H
]
=
1.13

±

0.06

. Overall, we find a significant metal-poor component consisting of 261 SkyMapper stars with [Fe/H] < −2.0. While our sample contains only 11 stars with [Fe/H] ≲ −3.0, investigating the JINAbase compilation of metal-poor stars reveals another 18 such stars (five have [Fe/H] < −4.0) that kinematically belong to our sample. These distinct spatial, kinematic, and chemical characteristics strongly suggest that this metal-poor, phase-mixed kinematic sample represents an independent disk component with an accretion origin in which a massive dwarf galaxy radially plunged into the early Galactic disk. Going forward, we propose to call the metal-weak thick-disk population the Atari disk, given its likely accretion origin, and in reference to it sharing space with the Galactic thin and thick disks.
The Details of Limb Brightening Reveal the Structure of the Base of the Jet in M87 for the First Time
Authors: Punsly Brian
Published: September 2022

It has become commonplace in astronomy to describe the transverse coarse structure of jets in loosely defined terms such as “sheath” and “spine” based on discussions of parsec scale properties. But, the applicability, dimension, and prominence of these features on sub-light-year scales has previously been unconstrained by observation. The first direct evidence of jet structure near the source in M87 is extreme limb brightening (a double-rail morphology), 0.3–0.6 mas from the source, which is prominent in observations with high resolution and sensitivity. Intensity crosscuts of these images provide three strong, interdependent constraints on the geometry responsible for the double-rail morphology: the rail to rail separation, the peak to trough intensity ratio, and the rail widths. Analyzing these constraints indicates that half or more of the jet volume resides in a thick-walled, tubular, mildly relativistic, protonic jet only ∼0.25 lt-yr (or ∼300 M, where M is the central black hole mass in geometrized units) from the source. By contrast, the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration interprets their observations with the aid of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations that produce an invisible (by construction) jet with a surrounding luminous, thin sheath. Yet, it is shown that synthetic images of simulated jets are center brightened 0.3–0.6 mas from the source. This serious disconnection with observation occurs in a region previously claimed in the literature to be well represented by the simulations. The limb brightening analysis motivates a discussion of possible simulation modifications to improve conformance with observations.
The ALMA Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in Early Stages (ASHES). VI. The Core-scale CO Depletion
Authors: Sabatini Giovanni , Bovino Stefano , Sanhueza Patricio , Morii Kaho , Li Shanghuo , Redaelli Elena , Zhang Qizhou , Lu Xing , Feng Siyi , Tafoya Daniel , Izumi Natsuko , Sakai Takeshi , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Allingham David
Published: September 2022

Studying the physical and chemical properties of cold and dense molecular clouds is crucial for the understanding of how stars form. Under the typical conditions of infrared dark clouds, CO is removed from the gas phase and trapped onto the surface of dust grains by the so-called depletion process. This suggests that the CO-depletion factor (f

D
) can be a useful chemical indicator for identifying cold and dense regions (i.e., prestellar cores). We have used the 1.3 mm continuum and C18O (2–1) data observed at the resolution of ∼5000 au in the ALMA Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in Early Stages (ASHES) to construct averaged maps of f

D
in 12 clumps to characterize the earliest stages of the high-mass star formation process. The average f

D
determined for 277 of the 294 ASHES cores follows an unexpected increase from the prestellar to the protostellar stage. If we exclude the temperature effect due to the slight variations in the NH3 kinetic temperature among different cores, we explain this result as a dependence primarily on the average gas density, which increases in cores where protostellar conditions prevail. This shows that f

D
determined in high-mass star-forming regions at the core scale is insufficient to distinguish among prestellar and protostellar conditions for the individual cores and should be complemented by information provided by additional tracers. However, we confirm that the clump-averaged f

D
values correlate with the luminosity-to-mass ratio of each source, which is known to trace the evolution of the star formation process.
What lies beneath? Revealing biodiversity through eDNA analysis in Lobos de Afuera Islands, Peru
Authors: Alfaro-Cordova Eliana , Ortiz-Alvarez Clara , Alfaro-Shigueto Joanna , Mangel Jeffrey C. , García Oscar , Velez-Zuazo Ximena
Published: September 2022

Environmental DNA (eDNA) has become a powerful tool for assessing biodiversity in different environments and may be a complementary method compared to traditional methods to assess biodiversity. We tested eDNA as a complementary tool to assess marine biodiversity at Lobos de Afuera islands (ILA) in Peru. Nine water samples were collected from three sites within ILA using a commercial eDNA kit and then analyzed using vertebrate, teleost, and marine mammal primers targeting the 12S rRNA gene. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) classified at order, family, genus, and species levels were compared to baseline reports obtained through visual survey methods. Compared with traditional methods, eDNA assays identified 26% fewer species. However, it was a cost-effective method due to the higher number of identified bony fish species per sampling unit. The eDNA assays provided a broader representation of higher taxonomic levels (order, family, and genus), with a higher sensitivity for bony fish than the traditional methods used. Also, the same numbers of orders and families reported by visual assessments were detected with eDNA. Our study shows practical implications for using eDNA for biota assessments in remote and isolated areas. Future efforts should aim to catalog the biodiversity from inaccessible places using eDNA-methods.
First in situ observations of the benthic-demersal fauna on the upper continental slope off Punta Pichalo (19°36'S), northern Chile
Authors: Gorny Matthias , Guzmán Guillermo , Sielfeld Walter , Gacitúa Alexis
Published: September 2022

An autonomous lander equipped with a video camera (dropcam) was used for in situ observations of the bento-demersal macrofauna on the upper continental slope off Punta Pichalo in northern Chile, an area of permanent coastal upwelling processes, located ~70 km north of Iquique. The lander was deployed at nine stations and between 227 and 798 m of depth. According to morphological characteristics, 34 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified to the lowest taxonomic level; 24 belonged to macroinvertebrates and 10 to fishes. Macroinvertebrates comprised 9 OTUs of crustaceans, seven cnidarians, and six echinoderms. Fishes included 3 OTUs of the order Chondrichthyes, 3 belonging to macrourid. Perciformes, Anguilliformes, and Alepocephaliformes were represented by one OTU each. Also, we observed one species of lanternfish (Myctophidae). Apart from the brachyuran decapod Lophorochinia parabranchia Garth, 1969 and euphausiids, all species were observed at depths greater than 560 m. The presence of one individual identified as the granulate dogfish Centroscyllium granulatum Günther, 1887 extended the known distribution range of this species about 1000 km to the north. Images taken at 795 m showed Bathyraja peruana McEachran & Miyake, 1984. Our study suggests that the upper continental slope of northern Chile harbors nearly undiscovered biodiversity, worth to be studied more intensively to complete the comparable sparse knowledge about marine biodiversity and species distribution at the continental margin in front of Chile.
Medical Liability, Defensive Medicine, and Introduction to Professional Insurance in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Alchimbayeva Makpal , Rakhypbekov Tolebay , Bazarova Gulmira , Baimagambetova Aigerm , Tsigengagel Oxana
Published: September 2022

This study aims at verifying relationships between the perception of medico-legal risks involved in the professional activity of Republic of Kazakhstan healthcare professionals (HCPs), defensive medical behavior and their understanding of healthcare professional liability (HCPL) insurance. The current paper also analyzes the experience of some foreign countries based on a study which suggests the ways of improving the medical liability, defensive medicine and introduction to HCPL insurance in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Additionally, the identified advantages to introduction insurance and mediation as an extra-judicial regulation of disputes, the authors point out the identified shortcomings of the matter in the legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Relevance of the topic is reasoned to the fact that complaints about medical malpractice have increased over time in Kazakhstan, as well as other countries around the world. The costs arising from medical liability lawsuits weigh not only on individual HCPs but also on the budgets of healthcare facilities, many of which in Kazakhstan are supported by public funds. A full understanding of the phenomenon of medical malpractice appears necessary in order to manage this spreading issue and mechanism of HCPL insurance in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Management and Prevention of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Pirushi Rudina , Bego (Veseli) Denisa , Imeraj Zamira
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infections are the leading cause of mortality, due to acquired nosocomial infections. Nosocomial urinary tract infections occur during or after hospitalization in patients who did not have an incubation phase of the infection at the time of admission to the hospital. AIM: In this study, we aim to define and manage nosocomial urinary tract infections in intensive care at University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” Tirana. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1350 patients were included in the study, of which 115 patients resulted in nosocomial nosocomial infections. The mean age of patients was 62 ± 16.6 years. RESULTS: Out of 1350 patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care during the period October 2019 - December 2020, 4% of patients result in urinary tract infections or 45% of the total for 115 cases of nosocomial infections. We see that men have a higher percentage than women of being affected by urinary tract infections, it is significant (p < 0.001). The etiological cause of nosocomial urinary tract infections was Escherichia coli in 61.5% of cases. For nosocomial urinary tract infections, patients are monitored for fever, examination of urine complete, and uroculture. The mean hospital stay for patients without nosocomial infection of the urinary tract was 4 days, while that of those with urinary tract infection was 18.49 ± 27.68 (from 5 to 180 days). In comparison to the mean mentioned above, it is significant (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial urinary tract infections are common in patients admitted to intensive care. Key recommendations should be given on diagnostic strategies, testing, selection of antibiotics as well as duration of treatment. We also need to collect data on how to prevent nosocomial infections in general and nosocomial urinary tract infections in particular.
Behavioral observations of the olm (Proteus anguinus) in a karst spring via direct observations and camera trapping
Authors: Premate Ester , Fišer Žiga , Kuralt Žan , Pekolj Anja , Trajbarič Tjaša , Milavc Eva , Hanc Živa , Kostanjšek Rok
Published: September 2022

The olm (Proteus anguinus), an endemic amphibian of the Dinarides’ underground waters (Europe), is one of the world’s most widely known subterranean species. Although various aspects of olm biology have been extensively studied, the data on their behavior in the wild remain scarce mostly due to inaccessibility of their natural habitat. Yet, olms also occur in several karstic springs during nighttime. These are easier to access and present an exciting opportunity to study olm behavior in nature. Here, we report on systematic observations of olms in one such spring in Slovenia, where we observed them for nine consecutive summer nights, coupling direct on-site observations with IR camera trap recordings. We used IR camera trap recordings to construct simple ethograms, as well as to quantify olm movement activity by video-tracking. Olms regularly occurred on the surface during the night, and dawn appeared to be a key stimulus for their retreat underground. They were constantly active, but rarely swam far from the spring. Despite the short-term nature of the study, we collected new occurrence and movement data, and at the same time tested the usability of IR cameras for surveying olm presence and behavior in nature. Experience gained through the study may prompt long-term and more complex behavioral studies using similar approaches.
A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Predictors of Mortality in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy–Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Hannah Jennifer , Law Huiyi E. , Gordon Tanya , Rooney Michael , Buazon April , Adas Maryam , Nagra Deepak , Stovin Christopher , Galloway James , Gordon Patrick
Published: September 2022

Objective

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM)–associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) can range from rapidly progressive disease with high mortality to indolent disease with minimal morbidity. This systematic review and metaanalysis describe immunological, clinical, and radiographical predictors of mortality in IIM-ILD.

Methods

MEDLINE and Embase database searches were completed on October 18, 2021, to identify articles providing survival data according to baseline characteristics in patients with concurrent IIM and ILD. Prognostic factors common to more than 5 papers were included in the metaanalysis using a random-effects model to report odds ratios (ORs) for binary variables and Hedgesgfor continuous variables. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score and the Egger test for publication bias.

Results

From 4433 articles, 62 papers were suitable for inclusion; among these studies, 38 different variables were considered. The OR for risk of death regarding the presence of anti–melanoma differentiation–associated protein 5 (MDA5) antibodies was 6.20 (95% CI 3.58-10.71), and anti–tRNA synthetase antibodies were found to be protective (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.14-0.41). Neither antinuclear antibodies, anti–52-kDa Ro antigen antibodies, nor SSA significantly altered mortality, nor was MDA5 titer predictive. Examples of prognostic factors that are significantly associated with mortality in this study include the following: age; male sex; acute/subacute onset; clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis; dyspnea; ulceration; fever; raised C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, alveolar to arterial O2(A-aO2) gradient, groundglass opacity on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and overall HRCT score; and reduced albumin, lymphocytes, ratio of partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood to fraction of inspired oxygen (PF ratio), percentage predicted transfer factor for carbon monoxide, and percentage predicted forced vital capacity. Baseline surfactant protein-D and Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels were not predictors of mortality.

Conclusion

Many mortality risk factors were identified, though heterogeneity was high, with a low quality of evidence and a risk of publication bias. Studies regarding anti-MDA5 antibody–positive disease and and those from East Asia predominate, which could mask risk factors relevant to other IIM subgroups or populations.
The burden of symptomatic patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: a real-world study in Korea
Authors: Ye Young-Min , Koh Young-Il , Choi Jeong-Hee , Kim Mi-Ae , Park Jung-Won , Kim Tae-Bum , Nam Young-Hee , Chang Yoon-Seok , Park Hae-Sim
Published: September 2022

Background/Aims: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) poses a considerable burden both on the quality of life (QoL) of individual patients and on healthcare systems. Real‑world data evaluating the disease burden of CSU are limited in this country. This study evaluated the disease burden and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) among symptomatic CSU patients.Methods: This multicenter, noninterventional, retrospective, and cross-sectional study assessed CSU patients symptomatic for more than 6 months despite step-wise H1-antihistamine medications. Primary outcomes included Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UAS7) and Chronic Urticaria QoL scale (CU-QoL). Secondary outcomes included EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), association of disease activity with QoL, medications used for the past 6 months, and HRU.Results: Five hundred patients with CSU were enrolled. Mean disease duration was 3.7 years. Based on UAS7, 22.2% of patients were in well-controlled status and 31.2%, 28.4%, and 18.2% of them had mild, moderate, and severe disease, respectively. Mean CU-QoL and DLQI scores were 57.5 ± 29.7 and 10.2 ± 7.6, respectively, while the EQ-5D-5L utility score was 0.8 ± 0.2. H1-antihistamines were prescribed to 95% of patients, while omalizumab was prescribed to 33% of patients. Most patients (98%) had outpatient visits in the past 6 months. Negative correlations were noted between UAS7 and CU-QoL, EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale scores, but a positive correlation was noted with DLQI score (p < 0.001 for all). The number of outpatient department visits increased with disease activity (p = 0.001).Conclusions: CSU affects QoL, leading to increased HRU, particularly in patients with severe disease.
Des identités (dé)politisées ? Les enjeux de catégorisation des Nubien.ne.s en Égypte
Authors: Ihsan Mérième
Published: September 2022

Dans la lignée des travaux qui étudient la façon dont l’État gère ses groupes culturels, cet article se donne pour objectif de rendre compte de la complexité du processus de construction des catégories où les récits et les représentations de plusieurs acteurs s’entrelacent. À rebours d’une vision dichotomique de l’État vs les Nubien.ne.s, cet article vise à mettre en présence l’hétérogénéité d’acteur.trices (l’État, les chercheurs, les militant.e.s, les leaders associatifs, etc.) qui participent aux processus de catégorisation. Dans cette perspective, il propose d’étudier ce processus au croisement des problématiques de politisation et de dépolitisation, à savoir les lectures déconflictuelles, diffusées dans un contexte globalisé, donnant lieu à des processus de politisation à géométrie variable. À géométrie variable parce que ces processus dépendent des différentes interactions entre les divers acteurs, la circulation des récits et des travaux académiques, et la mise en place des espaces qui ne sont pas tous nécessairement politiques ; mais qui favorisent une prise de conscience et renforcent l’identification des individus. Comme nous le verrons dans cet article, les processus de catégorisation s’inscrivent dans une zone grise qui oscille entre reconnaissance et déni, politique et ‘apolitique’, donnant naissance à des stratégies d’appropriation, de négociation et de contestation. Pour ce faire, cet article analyse, d’abord, la façon dont l’intérêt aux enjeux patrimoniaux devient un instrument d’homogénéisation dont l’objectif est de déconflictualiser les rapports à l’État. Il examine ensuite les études ethnologiques portant sur la population nubienne et leur rôle dans la diffusion d’une image folklorique et parfois essentialiste de celle-ci. L’article retrace, ensuite, les tentatives de politisation à travers l’appropriation des catégories politiques (comme « indigènes » et « minorités ») afin de faire partie d’un discours global. Alors que ce discours émerge, à partir des années 2000, chez certain.e.s militant.e.s, les chercheurs contribuent aussi à ces processus de politisation en mobilisant davantage ces catégories dans leurs travaux.
L’École de journalisme d’Alger (1964-1990) : les défis d’une formation professionnelle
Authors: Rondeleux Chloé Nejma
Published: September 2022

À travers une histoire de l’École de journalisme d’Alger, depuis sa création en 1964 jusqu’aux réformes d’envergure de 1990, cet article vise à éclairer la profession de journaliste dans l’Algérie indépendante. Au cours de cette période, l’instauration du parti unique se traduit par un monopole du pouvoir politique sur l’ensemble des médias (presse-écrite, radio, télévision et agence de presse) placés soit sous la tutelle du ministère de l’Information, soit sous celle du parti du Front de libération nationale (FLN). Avec l’évolution de cet institut universitaire, unique lieu de formation aux métiers de l’information en Algérie, se dessinent à la fois les différentes visions de la figure de journaliste et les grandes transformations de l’enseignement supérieur en Algérie, dont la plus marquante est l’arabisation. En considérant, d’une part, l’influence de la tutelle ministérielle et, d’autre part, les orientations socialistes et tiers-mondistes adoptées par les responsables politiques algériens à partir de 1962, cet article privilégie un point de vue interne à l’institution. Les sources qui se composent essentiellement d’écrits, tels que les travaux universitaires, autobiographies, articles académiques, etc., laissés par les principaux acteurs de l’Institut de journalisme (directeurs, enseignants, étudiants et étudiantes) ont été enrichies par des entretiens inédits et archives personnelles recueillis auprès de ces derniers, permettant d’approcher au plus près le fonctionnement de l’Institut. L’article retrace d’abord le contexte de naissance et s’attarde sur le projet initial des années 1964-1965. La description du premier stage en journalisme depuis l’indépendance organisé au début de l’année 1964, soit quelques mois avant l’ouverture de l’École de journalisme en octobre 1964, met en évidence l’influence des pays socialistes et de la dimension pratique dans la formation dispensée. L’étude de la composition et du cursus de la première promotion souligne les choix retenus dans le programme universitaire, et esquisse déjà les tendances d’une formation tournée davantage vers l’acquisition d’une culture générale que l’apprentissage d’un métier. En s’arrêtant ensuite sur les différentes réformes, initiées au niveau du système universitaire comme au niveau de l’Institut de journalisme, l’article retrace le processus d’arabisation de la filière et ses effets. Il démontre aussi comment elles contribuent à renforcer progressivement le caractère académique de la formation au détriment de son caractère professionnalisant, malgré des débats réguliers et discours critiques de la part des principaux concernés, notamment sur la question des débouchés des diplômés. La prise en compte des diverses projections sur l’École de journalisme souligne finalement le défi insurmontable pour l’institution de satisfaire des acteurs ayant des conceptions distinctes du métier de journaliste.
André Gide & Fédor Rosenberg
Authors: Gide André , Rosenberg Fédor
Published: September 2022

C’est à Florence, en 1896, qu’André Gide et Fédor Rosenberg se rencontrent. Leur amitié est d’emblée si vive que l’orientaliste russe accompagne Gide et son épouse Madeleine pendant une partie de leur voyage de noces. Plus tard, il rend régulièrement visite aux Gide, à Cuverville notamment, et devient un familier des proches de l’écrivain. Cette amitié, en grande partie épistolaire, perdurera jusqu’à la mort du « bon Fédor », en juin 1934. Cette correspondance donne à lire un Gide intime, prêt à dévoiler son homosexualité à un interlocuteur qui fait de même ; elle offre aussi un témoignage historique et culturel sur l’Europe des lettres et la circulation des idées au début du xxe siècle. En arrière-fond des réflexions sur la vie quotidienne, la santé, les projets en cours ou la littérature, sont aussi évoquées la Première Guerre mondiale et la révolution bolchévique, que viennent matérialiser des interruptions momentanées dans les échanges entre les deux hommes. Si toutes les lettres n’ont pu être retrouvées, ce sont près de 350 courriers qui sont rassemblés ici. Ces trente-huit ans de correspondance assidue permettent de découvrir le dialogue passionné entre le « contemporain capital » et son « ami le plus délicat, le plus sûr et le plus fidèle ».
A Diverse (AI) World
Authors: Martins de Nobrega Virginie
Published: September 2022

This chapter presents a systemic analysis of the threats and opportunities of artificial intelligence and frontier technologies for purpose-driven applications towards the Sustainable Development Goals reviewing the human rights, ethical, social, sociological, and environmental concerns with the view of providing a comprehensive overview of the stakes of today's debate especially for women, minorities, the most vulnerable, and the invisible, while providing a policy framework to make sure that no one is left behind and that democracy is not replaced by technocracy. This chapter is grounded on the assumptions that technology is a means to an end and that true innovation is progress for all, whether for individuals, beneficiaries, peoples, cultures, institutions, states, and the planet.
Hybrid Healthcare Will Lead the Way in Empowering Women Across Emerging Markets
Authors: Dumas Samantha , Pedersen Charlotte , Smith Sophie
Published: September 2022

This chapter addresses the imbalances in women's healthcare across emerging markets and looks at how inequitable access to poor quality healthcare services, coupled with dominant cultural narratives and gender inequality, have compounded preventable reproductive health issues and non-communicable diseases in women. The chapter discusses the unique opportunity presented by recent disruption and innovations in women's health technologies to improve the lives of millions of women and their communities, raising awareness of female health needs, improving access to the right kind of care, removing obstacles to access, and streamlining care delivery. A new model of hybrid healthcare, combining digital and traditional clinical pathways, could transform and democratise access to healthcare. Educating and empowering women to take control of their health, challenging taboos, and enabling universal access to sexual and reproductive health will support and help to meet Sustainable Development Goal 5 targets.
Listening to Leaders
Authors: Hardie Bethany Janette , Highfield Camilla , Lee Kerry
Published: September 2022

Entrepreneurship education in primary and secondary schools has the potential to foster student creativity and innovation and to support learning that recognises opportunities in a dynamic and challenging global community. This chapter provides a background to recent research in entrepreneurship education and school leadership, which are vital to fostering successful student learning, and proposes researchers utilise a Delphi method to gain insights from local community entrepreneurship leaders given their understanding of the local context. These community experts are able to identify locally relevant ways to deliver entrepreneurship education and schools that are known to exemplify successful models. The Delphi method is adaptable for both quantitative and qualitative research and offers the potential for mixed research for targeted deeper inquiry into the vital role of leaders in model entrepreneurship education schools. Recommendations are made for both researchers and school leaders to develop an understanding of the local context for entrepreneurship with a Delphi study.
Toxic Leadership in Education
Authors: Odhiambo George
Published: September 2022

Leadership research tends to have a bias towards positive leadership methodologies and associated benefits for organizations and the employee within them. Although there is a growing body of research into the dark side of leadership practices, negative leadership within the context of educational leadership has been largely marginalised. This chapter highlights the elusive nature of leadership and its lack of a fixed, objectified meaning. Irrespective of definitional challenges, however, the chapter also exposes the existence of toxic manifestations of leadership and their personal and social consequences. It further demonstrates the multiple ways in which the phenomenon of toxic leadership is described and explains its origins. In relation to the field of education, the chapter illustrates the dearth of current literature or of empirical research and the fact that the few studies which do exist are consistent with those from other fields, indicating disturbing patterns of behavior and their harmful consequences.
Indian Multilingual Education
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Lina , Patil Vrishali K. , Selvan Chelsy
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores the scope of language education in the Indian multilingual context. It reviews the construct of translanguaging and its usefulness in language classrooms with special attention to reading, the cornerstone of primary education. It presents a critical summary of translanguaging practices across the globe followed by teacher-learner practices in Indian classrooms with children from low socio-economic status and/or from migrant workers' families. The review of Indian classrooms with translanguaging practices helps to understand the purposes of use of this pedagogic strategy and its impact on language learning and reading. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the role of using the socio-constructivist theory to scaffold reading through peer interaction. This chapter is a precursor to the next chapter that presents the design of a translanguaging-based reading model built with the help of peer interaction to scaffold reading development in young multilingual learners.
EFL Graduate Students' Intercultural Language Learning and Intercultural Competence
Authors: Tran Thao Quoc , Duong Tham My
Published: September 2022

Being able to function appropriately and effectively in multicultural situations is one of the must-have skills for the 21st-century citizens. Particularly, in the ambience of the international education in which the English language is employed as a mean of instruction, students should be fluent in the English language as well as interculturally competent. This chapter presents a study exploring EFL graduate students' perceptions of intercultural language learning and their level of IC at a multicultural higher education institution in Thailand. A cohort of 91 EFL graduate students of different nationalities (Cambodia, China, Thailand, and Vietnam) participated in answering the questionnaires. The findings revealed that EFL graduate students perceived the intercultural language learning positively and had a high level of IC. Additionally, a positive correlation between participants' perceptions of intercultural language learning and their level of IC. Nevertheless, they perceived the intercultural language learning similarly and possessed a similar level of IC regardless of nationalities.
Role of Social Media in the Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Sawhney Aastha , Ahuja Vandana , Sharma Poonam
Published: September 2022

With the upsurge of innovation, transformation, and digitization in the Indian banking sector there has been a paradigm shift in banking operations. The evolution of mobile banking, internet banking, and facilities like ATMs have altered the way consumers use banking facilities. The Indian banks are racing to upgrade their tech infrastructure and digital products to service clients quickly and effectively during the post-pandemic era. Social media provides vivid opportunities for consumers to have access to information and avail banking services 24 hours a day, across temporal and geographical borders. Marketers need to develop new customer-centric strategies to deal with the high expectations of the digitally empowered consumers and deliver a personalized, immersive experience to remain competitive. Also, customers need to be made aware of how individual banking brands can benefit them and help enhance better returns on their financial investments. Banks can further enhance trust and credibility using digital platforms which in turn will trigger their growth.