bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversations and Medical News Frames on Twitter: Infodemiological Study on COVID-19 in South Korea
Authors: Park Han Woo , Park Sejung , Chong Miyoung
Published: April 2020

Background

SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2) was spreading rapidly in South Korea at the end of February 2020 following its initial outbreak in China, making Korea the new center of global attention. The role of social media amid the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has often been criticized, but little systematic research has been conducted on this issue. Social media functions as a convenient source of information in pandemic situations.

Objective

Few infodemiology studies have applied network analysis in conjunction with content analysis. This study investigates information transmission networks and news-sharing behaviors regarding COVID-19 on Twitter in Korea. The real time aggregation of social media data can serve as a starting point for designing strategic messages for health campaigns and establishing an effective communication system during this outbreak.

Methods

Korean COVID-19-related Twitter data were collected on February 29, 2020. Our final sample comprised of 43,832 users and 78,233 relationships on Twitter. We generated four networks in terms of key issues regarding COVID-19 in Korea. This study comparatively investigates how COVID-19-related issues have circulated on Twitter through network analysis. Next, we classified top news channels shared via tweets. Lastly, we conducted a content analysis of news frames used in the top-shared sources.

Results

The network analysis suggests that the spread of information was faster in the Coronavirus network than in the other networks (Corona19, Shincheon, and Daegu). People who used the word “Coronavirus” communicated more frequently with each other. The spread of information was faster, and the diameter value was lower than for those who used other terms. Many of the news items highlighted the positive roles being played by individuals and groups, directing readers’ attention to the crisis. Ethical issues such as deviant behavior among the population and an entertainment frame highlighting celebrity donations also emerged often. There was a significant difference in the use of nonportal (n=14) and portal news (n=26) sites between the four network types. The news frames used in the top sources were similar across the networks (P=.89, 95% CI 0.004-0.006). Tweets containing medically framed news articles (mean 7.571, SD 1.988) were found to be more popular than tweets that included news articles adopting nonmedical frames (mean 5.060, SD 2.904; N=40, P=.03, 95% CI 0.169-4.852).

Conclusions

Most of the popular news on Twitter had nonmedical frames. Nevertheless, the spillover effect of the news articles that delivered medical information about COVID-19 was greater than that of news with nonmedical frames. Social media network analytics cannot replace the work of public health officials; however, monitoring public conversations and media news that propagates rapidly can assist public health professionals in their complex and fast-paced decision-making processes.
Rapid Serological Assays and SARS-CoV-2 Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2: Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Paradiso Angelo Virgilio , De Summa Simona , Loconsole Daniela , Procacci Vito , Sallustio Anna , Centrone Francesca , Silvestris Nicola , Cafagna Vito , De Palma Giuseppe , Tufaro Antonio , Garrisi Vito Michele , Chironna Maria
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for the identification of viral nucleic acid is the current standard for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but technical issues limit its utilization for large-scale screening. Serological immunoglobulin M (IgM)/IgG testing has been proposed as a useful tool for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to compare the results of the rapid serological VivaDiag test for SARS-CoV-2–related IgM/IgG detection with those of the standard RT-PCR laboratory test for identifying SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid.

METHODS

We simultaneously performed both serological and molecular tests with a consecutive series of 191 symptomatic patients. The results provided by a new rapid serological colorimetric test for analyzing IgM/IgG expression were compared with those of RT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 detection.

RESULTS

Of the 191 subjects, 70 (36.6%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on RT-PCR results, while 34 (17.3%) tested positive based on serological IgM/IgG expression. Additionally, 13 (6.8%) subjects tested positive based on serological test results, but also tested negative based on RT-PCR results. The rapid serological test had a sensitivity of 30% and a specificity of 89% compared to the standard RT-PCR assay. Interestingly, the performance of both assays improved 8 days after symptom appearance. After 10 days had passed since symptom appearance, the predictive value of the rapid serological test was higher than that of the standard molecular assay (proportion of positive results: 40% vs 20%). Multivariate analysis showed that age >58 years (P<.01) and period of >15 days after symptom onset (P<.02) were significant and independent factors associated with serological test positivity.

CONCLUSIONS

The rapid serological test analyzed in this study seems limited in terms of usefulness when diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it may be useful for providing relevant information on people’s immunoreaction to COVID-19 exposure.
Machine Learning Approach for Confirmation of COVID-19 Cases: Positive, Negative, Death and Release (Preprint)
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sr Samir , DUTTA SHAWNI , DUTTA SHAWNI , DUTTA SHAWNI
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

In recent days, Covid-19 coronavirus has been an immense impact on social, economic fields in the world. The objective of this study determines if it is feasible to use machine learning method to evaluate how much prediction results are close to original data related to Confirmed-Negative-Released-Death cases of Covid-19. For this purpose, a verification method is proposed in this paper that uses the concept of Deep-learning Neural Network. In this framework, Long short-term memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) are also assimilated finally for training the dataset and the prediction results are tally with the results predicted by clinical doctors. The prediction results are validated against the original data based on some predefined metric. The experimental results showcase that the proposed approach is useful in generating suitable results based on the critical disease outbreak. It also helps doctors to recheck further verification of virus by the proposed method. The outbreak of Coronavirus has the nature of exponential growth and so it is difficult to control with limited clinical persons for handling a huge number of patients with in a reasonable time. So it is necessary to build an automated model, based on machine learning approach, for corrective measure after the decision of clinical doctors. It could be a promising supplementary confirmation method for frontline clinical doctors. The proposed method has a high prediction rate and works fast for probable accurate identification of the disease. The performance analysis shows that a high rate of accuracy is obtained by the proposed method.

OBJECTIVE

Validation of COVID-19 disease

METHODS

Machine Learning

RESULTS

90%

CONCLUSIONS

The combined LSTM-GRU based RNN model provides a comparatively better results in terms of prediction of confirmed, released, negative, death cases on the data. This paper presented a novel method that could recheck occurred cases of COVID-19 automatically. The data driven RNN based model is capable of providing automated tool for confirming, estimating the current position of this pandemic, assessing the severity, and assisting government and health workers to act for good decision making policy. It could be a promising supplementary rechecking method for frontline clinical doctors. It is now essential for improving the accuracy of detection process.

CLINICALTRIAL

2020-04-03 3:22:36 PM
Mobile Fotonovelas Within a Text Message Outreach: An Innovative Tool to Build Health Literacy and Influence Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Brar Prayaga Rena , Prayaga Ram S
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

With all 50 US states reporting cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), people around the country are adapting and stepping up to the challenges of the pandemic; however, they are also frightened, anxious, and confused about what they can do to avoid exposure to the disease. Usual habits have been interrupted as a result of the crisis, and consumers are open to suggestions and strategies to help them change long-standing attitudes and behaviors. In response, a novel and innovative mobile communication capability was developed to present health messages in English and Spanish with links to fotonovelas (visual stories) that are accessible, easy to understand across literacy levels, and compelling to a diverse audience. While SMS text message outreach has been used to build health literacy and provide social support, few studies have explored the benefits of SMS text messaging combined with visual stories to influence health behaviors and build knowledge and self-efficacy. In particular, this approach can be used to provide vital information, resources, empathy, and support to the most vulnerable populations. This also allows providers and health plans to quickly reach out to their patients and members without any additional resource demands at a time when the health care system is severely overburdened.
NIR Spectroscopic Techniques for Quality and Process Control in the Meat Industry
Authors: Wold Jens Petter , Løvland Atle
Published: April 2020

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is widely used for quality and process control in the food industry. In the meat industry, the method is still used mainly for determination of fat, water, and protein content, while new applications are emerging. In this paper, we report on how in-line NIRS can be used to detect and sort chicken breast fillets with the myopathies wooden breast and spaghetti meat from normal fillets. A total of 270 fillets were measured with 2 different near-infrared systems. The near-infrared spectra contained information about protein content and water-binding properties that showed systematic differences between the 3 quality classes. Wooden breast could be well separated fro m normal fillets (96% correct classification), while spaghetti meat was slightly more difficult to separate from both normal and wooden breast because properties measured by NIRS were overlapping between the 3 groups. Two quite similar NIRS instruments had quite different classification performance, which emphasizes the importance of optimizing spectroscopic instrumentation for different applications.
La desalinizadora de agua de mar en Playas de Rosarito. Un proyecto estratégico frente a la dependencia del Río Colorado y la escasez de agua en Baja California
Authors: Sánchez Munguía Vicente
Published: April 2020

Frente a la escasez de agua que afecta a las ciudades costeras de Baja California, las autoridades estatales y federales optaron por la construcción de una planta desalinizadora de agua de mar en Rosarito, con la posibilidad de exportar una parte de la producción a San Diego. El proyecto fue aprobado en 2017 en medio de cuestionamientos y está detenido por falta de consensos sobre los términos de la concesión a una empresa privada. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar la importancia regional y binacional del proyecto, destacando el carácter tecnocrático con el cual se concibió y se ha gestionado, a partir de un análisis del proceso de autorización y una revisión de la literatura sobre la tendencia global de la desalinización ante la escasez de agua. Se concluye que el proyecto se ha perfilado desde hace mucho tiempo y hay un gran interés a favor en México y Estados Unidos, lo cual le confiere mayor fuerza y probabilidad de realización en ausencia de otras propuestas en el lado mexicano.
Diplomacia Cultural en Canadá: explorando modelos, analizando resultados.
Authors: Oropeza Zorrilla María Cristina , Padilla Mayer Soileh
Published: April 2020

Estudio comparativo de los objetivos, recursos y diseño del despliegue de la diplomacia cultural de siete países en Canadá, identificando parámetros para medir su eficacia y, a partir de ello, delinear buenas prácticas y lecciones aprendidas que permitan robustecer la acción de México en países estratégicos para su política exterior.
PENDAMPINGAN BRANDING DAN PACKAGING UMKM IKATAN PENGUSAHA AISYIYAH DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Irawan Dwi , Affan Muhammad Wildan
Published: April 2020

Muhammadiyah has formed the Aisyiyah Entrepreneurs Association which aims to accommodate the entrepreneurial activities of Aisyiyah members. But in its implementation there are several obstacles that occur that greatly hinder the development of its business. Among them are products that do not yet have attractive branding and packaging to compete in the market. Through community service, we will provide assistance in the management of branding and packaging so that products produced by IPAS are more able to compete in the market with products that already exist. The method used by lectures, discussions and demonstrations. The results show that the selection of product packaging produced by Malang City IPAS is appropriate and IPAS has more attractive branding to be able to compete in the market. KEYWORDS: Branding; IPAS; Packaging
Internalisasi nilai-nilai transendensi untuk meningkatkan resilensi pasca tsunami di Aceh: Studi literatur melalui peran keluarga
Authors: Affandi Ghozali Rusyid
Published: April 2020

Sepuluh tahun bencana tsunami di Aceh telah berlalu, tentunya banyak bantuan dari dalam dan luar negeri untuk perbaikan infrastruktur yang rusak akibat diterjang tsunami yang telah menewaskan lebih dari 100.000 orang dan total kerusakan diperkirakan mencapai lebih dari 4 juta dolar AS (United Nations Development programme Indonesia, 2007). Namun dampak secara psikologis seperti trauma, depresi karena kehilangan keluarga serta cacat fisik yang dialami tidak begitu saja hilang dari penyintas. Agar seseorang penyintas tsunami Aceh dapat berfungsi kembali dalam kehidup-annya setelah malapetaka yang menimpanya, dibutuhkan kemampuannya untuk bertahan, bangkit, dan menyesuaikan dengan kondisi sulit yang disebut dengan resiliensi. Ada banyak faktor protektif yang digunakan untuk menstimulasi, meningkatkan serta mempertahankan resiliensi para penyintas. Bisa jadi satu faktor protektif dapat secara efektif meningkatkan resiliensi di budaya tertentu, tetapi kurang efektif di budaya yang lain sebab ada batasan-batan budaya (culture bound) yang mempengaruhi pemaknaan konsep psikologi. Budaya Aceh yang berkenaan dengan kemampuan resiliensi penyintas tsunami adalah nilai-nilai Islami serta penerimaan terhadap kehendak Tuhan, yang berkaitan erat de-ngan konsep spiritualitas. Hasil beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa faktor protektif yang berupa spiritualitas dapat meningkatkan resilensi seseorang. Oleh sebab itu, guna mempertahankan serta meningkatkan resiliensi, maka faktor protektif spiritualitas berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islami yang sesuai dengan budaya masyarakat Aceh perlu diinternalisasikan melalui keluarga dan sekolah. Penginternali-sasian spiritualitas tidak hanya berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan ritual Ibadah, akan tetapi lebih pada penguatan nilai-nilai transendensi.Kata kunci: resiliensi, transendensi, keluarga, budaya
Model kesejahteraan subjektif remaja penyintas bencana Tsunami Aceh 2004
Authors: Darmayanti Nefi , Rachman Hadjam H. M. Noor , Afiatin Tina
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji model kesejahteraan subjektif remaja penyintas bencana tsunami secara empiris, mendasarkan pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Mengacu pada teori “top-down” dan “bottom-up” maka dapat dirumuskan bahwa kesejahteraan subjektif individu ditentukan oleh faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal individu. Faktor internal mencakup nilai-nilai hidup dan kepribadian, seperti religiusitas, kepribadian tangguh, optimisme, dan harga diri; sedangkan faktor eksternalnya mencakup kondisi situasional dan lingkungan, yaitu dukungan sosial. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 209 remaja penyintas, berusia antara 15 – 18 tahun yang tinggal di Banda Aceh. Metode pengumpulan data melalui angket dan skala. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis jalur untuk menguji model teoritis dan hubungan antara religiusitas, kepribadian tangguh, optimisme, harga diri dan dukungan sosial dengan kesejahteraan subjektif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa model teoritis kesejahteraan subjektif remaja penyintas bencana tidak fit dengan data empirisnya. Namun setelah dilakukan modifikasi, model teoritis kesejahteraan subjektif remaja penyintas bencana fit dengan data empirisnya.Kata kunci: kesejahteraan subjektif, religiusitas, kepribadian tangguh, optimisme, harga diri, dukungan sosial dan remaja penyintas.
Sekolah aman untuk anak-anak pengungsi akibat bencana tsunami
Authors: Shohib Muhammad
Published: April 2020

Pendidikan adalah hak dasar yang harus diberikan kepada anak-anak, bahkan dalam sebuah kondisi darurat sekalipun. Bencana tsunami yang telah meluluhlantakkan Aceh tidak dapat menghalangi pemenuhan hak dasar tersebut. Pendidikan seringkali menjadi prioritas dalam masyarakat dan perlu mendapat perhatian serius sejak tahap awal respon tanggap darurat. Anak-anak merupakan kelompok penting dalam masyarakat yang sedang dalam tahap pemulihan dari krisis. Hal ini tidak hanya disebabkan oleh dampak negatif dari bencana (tsunami) yang akan dialami oleh anak-anak dan dibawa sepanjang usianya, tetapi juga karena besarnya potensi yang mereka miliki dalam memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap respon dan usaha-usaha pemulihan. “Kembali ke sekolah” adalah keinginan pertama yang diminta oleh anak-anak dan keluarganya dalam sebuah kondisi dararut. Kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan di sekolah dianggap dapat meringankan beban psikologis, mengembalikan keceriaan anak dan sekaligus sebuah model terapi bagi korban yang mengalami trauma psikologis yang mendalam. Sekolah aman merupakan solusi tepat untuk memberikan respon terhadap kekhawatiran dampak negatif dari bencana tsunami dan usaha-usaha pemulihan psikososial yang lain. Pendirian sekolah aman dapat dijadikan model bagi relawan dan pengambil kebijakan di masa tanggap darurat untuk mengatasi dampak kerawanan yang ditimbulkan dari bencana tsunami. Di samping itu konsep sekolah aman dapat digunakan untuk mengukur ketepatan tindakan dalam manajemen bencana dan akan membuka peluang intervensi-intervensi lain dalam sektor non pendidikan (kesehatan, hukum dan perlindungan anak serta lingkungan hidup).Kata Kunci: Sekolah aman, anak-anak pengungsi, tsunami
Antiviral prophylaxis may not provide benefit in patients with Posner-Schlossman Syndrome
Authors: Lee Patrick
Published: April 2020

A critical appraisal and clinical application of Chee SP, Jap A. Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis: outcome of treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Dec;94(12):1648-52. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2009.167767 for a patient on antiviral prophylaxis for recurrent episodes of Posner-Schlossman Syndrome.
Emotional expression inhibits attention bias: From the post-truth era perspective
Authors: Xiu Lichao , Yang Ya , Han Ting , Yu Guoming
Published: April 2020

Post-truth denotes circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than are appeals to emotion and personal belief. Few researchers have investigated the influence of posttruth-era communication modes, especially emotional reporting modes, on people's
attention bias, which is an essential feature of their information selection. We randomly divided 50 participants into an experimental group (n = 25), who read an emotional report, and a control group (n = 25), who read an objective, neutral report. Then both groups completed
a dot-probe task to investigate whether attention bias was affected by the emotional reporting. Results show that it was more difficult for individuals who had read the emotional report to distinguish between negative and neutral social cues. This suggests that emotional news reports in the
post-truth era can have an adverse effect on people's information selection mechanism, which hinders in-depth thinking and makes it difficult to distinguish which information is neutral versus threatening. Journalists should avoid becoming propaganda tools for certain interest groups to affect
public sentiment, cause trouble, shift the focus of attention, and create conflict.
Team processes and business performance of youth ventures in Taiwan: The moderating role of social capital
Authors: Tsai Chi-Chung , Li Dengfeng
Published: April 2020

We analyzed how entrepreneurial team processes affect business performance, and the mediating effect of social capital in youth small business ventures in Taiwan. Participants were predominantly young entrepreneurs between 20 and 40 years of age in Taiwan venture industries. Empirical
analysis results showed that the entrepreneurial team had a significant positive impact on social capital and business performance. However, social capital was not a mediator between team management and firm performance. Practical implications are that when an entrepreneurial team is in a
state of high cohesion and communicates well, more social capital will be captured for the improvement of business performance.
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Konsumsi Remaja Putri yang Berhubungan dengan Status Anemia
Authors: Simanungkalit Sintha Fransiske , Simarmata Oster Suriani
Published: April 2020

Anemia is a condition where the number of red blood cells or the concentration of oxygen transport in the blood (Hb) is insufficient for the physiology needs of the body.1 The prevalence of anemia (15-24 years old) in Indonesia (2018) was 32%.2 The aimed of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, tablet knowledge of iron supplementation, nutritional status, Fe intake and consumption patterns of inhibitor and enhancers factors with anemia in adolescent girls. This study found that 63.4% of girls had anemia. The factors associated with anemia in this study were knowledge (p value = 0.004), nutritional status (p value = 0.034) and consumption patterns of Fe inhibitors (p value = 0.009). Based on multivariate test, knowledge of anaemia was obtained as the dominant factor in anemia among adolescent girls with OR 3,3. Suggestions in this study were the need to be counseling about anemia and Fe inhibitor consumption patterns and monitoring nutritional status at UKS SMA/K so that adolescent girls can avoid anemia.

Keywords: anemia, knowledge, nutritional status and inhibitor Fe.

Abstrak

Anemia merupakan suatu kondisi dimana jumlah sel darah merah atau konsentrasi pengangkut oksigen dalam darah (Hb) tidak mencukupi untuk kebutuhan fisiologi tubuh.1 Prevalensi anemia pada rentang usia 15-24 tahun berdasarkan Riskesdas tahun 2018 adalah 32%.2 Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku konsumsi dengan anemia remaja putri. Penelitian ini didapatkan sebanyak 63,4% remaja putri mengalami anemia. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia remaja putri dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan (p value = 0,004), status gizi (p value = 0,034) dan pola konsumsi inhibitor Fe (p value = 0,009). Setelah dilakukan uji multivariat didapatkan pengetahuan anemia sebagai faktor dominan anemia remaja putri dengan OR 3,3. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah perlunya diberikan penyuluhan mengenai anemia dan pola konsumsi inhibitor Fe serta pemantauan status gizi di UKS SMA/K sehingga para remaja putri terhindar dari anemia.

Kata kunci: Anemia, Pengetahuan, Status Gizi, Inhibitor Fe
Principales reguladores hormonales y sus interacciones en el crecimiento vegetal
Authors: Alcantara Cortes Johan Steven , Acero Godoy Jovanna , Alcántara Cortés Jonathan David , Sánchez Mora Ruth Melida
Published: April 2020

Una hormona vegetal o fitohormona es un compuesto producido internamente por una planta, que ejerce su función en muy bajas concentraciones y cuyo principal efecto se produce a nivel celular, cambiando los patrones de crecimiento de los vegetales y permitiendo su control. Los reguladores vegetales son compuestos sintetizados químicamente u obtenidos de otros organismos y son, en general, mucho más potentes que los análogos naturales. Es necesario tener en cuenta aspectos críticos como oportunidad de aplicación, dosis, sensibilidad de la variedad, condición de la planta, etc., ya que cada planta requerirá de unas condiciones específicas de crecimiento que pueden afectarse por la concentración de ellos en el medio. Los reguladores vegetales son productos sintéticos que se han convertido en las primeras herramientas capaces de controlar el crecimiento y actividad bioquímica de las plantas por lo que su uso ha aumentado en los últimos años.

Esta revisión busca hacer una recopilación bibliográfica de los primeros acontecimientos de la aplicación de los reguladores de crecimiento vegetal. Se presentan las principales características fisiológicas que pueden desarrollar la aplicación de estos sobre el crecimiento vegetal a nivel celular y su repercusión a nivel fenotípico; además, se describen las principales fitohormonas más conocidas en la aplicación biotecnológica. Entre ellas se encuentran auxinas, giberelinas, citoquininas, ácido abscísico, ácido salicílico, poliaminas, jasmonatos y derivados, brasinoesteroides, etileno y estrigolactonas. Se detallan las principales funciones a nivel del metabolismo vegetal y sus posibles interacciones intra e intercelular.
Regions of existence for a class of nonlinear diffusion type problems
Authors: Verma Amit , Singh Mandeep , Agarwal Ravi
Published: April 2020

The regions of existence are established for a class of two point nonlinear
diffusion type boundary value problems (NDBVP) ?S??(x)- ns?(x)- m x
s?(x) = f(x,s), m > 0, n ? R, x ? (0,1), s?(0) = 0, a1s(1) + a2s?(1) = C,
where a1 > 0, a2 ? 0, C ? R. These problems arise very frequently in many
branches of engineering, applied mathematics, astronomy, biological system
and modern science (see the existing literature of this paper). By using the
concept of upper and lower solutions with monotone constructive technique,
we derive some sufficient conditions for existence in the regions where ?f/?s
? 0 and ?f/?s ? 0. Theoretical methods are applied for a set of problems
which arise in real life.
Herbicidal potential of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) essential oil components on bristly foxtail (Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.): Comparison with carvacrol, carvone, thymol and eugenol
Authors: Koiou Katerina , Vasilakoglou Ioannis , Dhima Kico
Published: April 2020

Essential oils are a plentiful source of plant compounds for potential use in the development of natural herbicides. With this in mind, the phytotoxicity of ten major essential oil components of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) on the weed species bristly foxtail (Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.) was determined using a perlite-based Petri-dish bioassay. Their phytotoxicity was also compared with that of well-known phytotoxic essential oil components (carvacrol, thymol, carvone and eugenol) of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) essential oils. Potential synergistic or antagonistic effects between carvacrol or eugenol with other components of lavender essential oil were investigated. Regarding the most phytotoxic components, terpinen-4-ol at 80 nL/cm3 completely inhibited the germination and root length of bristly foxtail, displaying similar phytotoxicity to carvone and thymol. Like carvacrol, lavandulol and linalyl acetate caused total (100%) germination and root length reduction of bristly foxtail at 160 nL/cm3, while the same effect was achieved by lavandulyl acetate at 320 nL/cm3. A synergistic effect was also observed when carvacrol or eugenol were combined with ocimene, 3-octanone, ?-terpineol or terpinen-4-ol. Focusing on the development of alternative weed control strategies, lavender essential oils containing high concentrations of terpinen-4-ol, lavandulol or linalyl acetate could be useful for the production of natural herbicides. These essential oil components combined with selected oregano or clove essential oil components, increase phytotoxicity and weed control due to the synergistic effect observed when in mixture.
Treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with Castanea sativa and Lactarius deterrimus extracts decreases liver damage by initiating activation of the Akt prosurvival kinase
Authors: Mihailovic Mirjana , Uskokovic Aleksandra , Arambasic-Jovanovic Jelena , Grdovic Nevena , Dinic Svetlana , Poznanovic Goran , Franic Aida , Djordjevic Marija , Vidakovic Melita
Published: April 2020

Diabetes is the most important non-infectious disease affecting 5% of the general population. Different plant and mushroom extracts with hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties have been used traditionally as antidiabetic herbal medicines. The aim of this study was to study the in vivo effect of extracts obtained from the edible mushroom, Lactarius deterrimus (Ld), and chestnut, Castanea sativa (Cs), on the alleviation of liver damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The extracts were applied, either alone or in combination, for four weeks, starting from the last day of STZ administration. Diabetic rats treated with the extracts exhibited reduced hyperglycemia and lower hepatic oxidative stress. Extract treatment decreased the level of O-linkage of N-acetylglucosamine modified superoxide dismutase, catalase and NF-?B. Masson trichrome staining showed a decrease in collagen fiber deposition in the liver. Immunoblot analysis revealed the activation of the prosurvival Akt kinase after extract application. The obtained results revealed that the hyperglycemiareducing and antioxidant effects of the Ld and Cs extracts suppressed cytotoxic signaling pathways, attenuating the negative effects of diabetes on the liver. The examined extracts are beneficial in the prevention of liver damage and could be considered for prediabetes and diabetes management after a definitive phytochemical description of extract constituents and subsequent evaluation in preclinical and clinical studies.
Solid-liquid separation techniques for efficient recovery of P2O5 from phosphoric sludge
Authors: Jouraiphy Rim , Anouar Islaam , Mazouz Hamid , El Kortobi , Boulif Rachid , Mahrou Ahmed , Ibnlfassi Amina
Published: April 2020

Phosphoric acid sludge is one of the prominent problems in the phosphate industry. Its production co-occurs with large losses of P2O5 that affect the process performance. Management and valorization of this waste is a key issue. For the industrial application in solid-liquid separation, selecting the suitable technique for an efficient separation is a fundamental factor. Most of the separation processes fail because of insufficient development effort in the laboratory phase and misunderstanding of separation objectives. The aim of this work is to deal with the P2O5 losses by studying their recovery from phosphoric sludge using a physical solid-liquid separation technique. Hence, laboratory tests have been conducted using vacuum filtration, centrifugation, and press filtration. The comparison was based on three requirements: the liquid recovery rate for each method, the amount of P2O5 recovered, and the solid content remaining in the recovered acid. Results showed that press filtration gave the higher performance of P2O5 recovery, up to 88.90%, followed by vacuum filtration with 69.81% and then centrifugation with 80.91%.
Hybrid neural lumped element approach in inverse modeling of RF MEMS switches
Authors: Ciric Tomislav , Marinkovic Zlatica , Dhuri Rohan , Pronic-Rancic Olivera , Markovic Vera
Published: April 2020

RF MEMS switches have been efficiently exploited in various applications in
communication systems. As the dimensions of the switch bridge influence the switch
behaviour, during the design of a switch it is necessary to perform inverse
modeling, i.e. to determine the bridge dimensions to ensure the desired
switch characteristics, such as the resonant frequency. In this paper a
novel inverse modeling approach based on combination of artificial neural
networks and a lumped element circuit model has been considered. This
approach allows determination of the bridge fingered part length for the
given resonant frequency and the bridge solid part length, generating at the
same time values of the elements of the switch lumped element model.
Validity of the model is demonstrated by appropriate numerical examples.
The high frequency surface wave radar solution for vessel tracking beyond the horizon
Authors: Nikolic Dejan , Stojkovic Nikola , Petrovic Pavle , Tosic Nikola , Lekic Nikola , Stankovic Zoran , Doncov Nebojsa
Published: April 2020

With maximum range of about 200 nautical miles (approx. 370 km) High
Frequency Surface Wave Radars (HFSWR) provide unique capability for vessel
detection far beyond the horizon without utilization of any moving
platforms. Such uniqueness requires design principles unlike those usually
used in microwave radar. In this paper the key concepts of HFSWR based on
Frequency Modulated Continuous (FMCW) principles are presented. The paper
further describes operating principles with focus on signal processing
techniques used to extract desired data. The signal processing describes
range and Doppler processing but focus is given to the Digital Beamforming
(DBF) and Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) models. In order to better
present the design process, data obtained from the HFSWR sites operating in
the Gulf of Guinea are used.
Universal microprocessor controlled power regulator with and without additional power supply
Authors: Vuckovic Vladan , Le Blond
Published: April 2020

Inexpensive microcontrollers allow complex control methodologies for
improving well-established technologies such as resistive lighting. In this
paper, we present two constructions of a microprocessor controlled power
regulator for resistive load of up to 2.5 kW and exemplify its use for the
lamps in Tesla?s Fountain reconstruction project. These are universal power
controllers and could be applied to a wide verity of non-inductive loads,
but our primary intention was to construct a miniature light regulator with
touch sensor for Tesla?s Fountain. The devices operate using the phase
control of the power grid?s alternating current and controlled fade-in to
increase lamp longevity. Extensive testing shows the device to operate
successfully for 2400 hours of continuous error-free operation, to robustly
handle high cycling stresses and increase bulb lifetimes by approximately a
factor of 7-8. The microcontroller software can easily be adapted for
controlling many non-inductive apparatus, like light bulbs or halogen lamps,
as well as resistive heating. We also used advanced technologies from other
multi-disciplinary areas to complete project.
Improving time integration scheme for FET analysis of power system angle stability
Authors: Mandic Marin , Juric-Grgic Ivica , Grulovic-Plavljanic Nedjeljka
Published: April 2020

This paper presents improved algorithm for numerical analysis of power system
angle stability achieved by improvement of the time integration when forming
a local system of equations for power system finite elements (FE).
Previously developed local system of equations of power system angle
stability has been obtained using the generalized trapezoidal rule (? -
method). Improvement of accuracy was obtained by using Heun's method.
Numerical solutions obtained using Heun?s method and using the generalized
trapezoidal rule are compared to Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP).
It has been shown that Heun?s method yields the results with much higher
accuracy comparing to results obtained by generalized trapezoidal rule.
Management models of tourism industry: The case of Greece
Authors: Papadopoulou Georgia
Published: April 2020

Management has been the focus of studies in the field of tourism and hospitality and other related sectors. However, recently, investigators began examining the role of a management model in improving the competitiveness of a country both at the firm and state level. The literature reviewed in the current study has shown that management models affect the success, productivity, and effectiveness of firms in the sector. More researchers have noted that the management model should focus on the sustainability of the ecosystem and economy. The management model adopted by Greece has not been effective in improving its level of competitiveness compared to other European nations. Although various studies have examined the phenomenon, there is yet a need for more explorations to exploit how various antecedents of management models affect the tourism sector in the long-run. The current study has established that the management model supported by positive government policies affects the tourism industry and attracts more visitors, growth, and competitiveness.
Foneettinen osaaminen helpottaa vieraan kielen ääntämisen opettamista – kyselytutkimus suomalaisten kieltenopettajien käyttämistä ääntämisen opetusmenetelmistä
Authors: Virkkunen Päivi , Toivola Minnaleena
Published: April 2020

Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettin suomalaisten kieltenopettajien käyttämiä ääntämisen opetuksen ja arvioinnin käytänteitä sekä niihin vaikuttavia tekijöitä. Kyselytutkimuksen vastaajat (n = 175) arvioivat oman ääntämistaitonsa pääosin hyväksi, mutta he ovat silti epävarmoja ääntämisen opettamisesta. Opettajankoulutus ei sisällä riittävästi, jos ollenkaan, tietoa ääntämisen opettamisesta. Tulokset tuovat esille opettajien oman koulutuksen tärkeyden: mitä enemmän koulutuksessa on ollut fonetiikan opetusta, sitä helpompana vastaajat pitävät ääntämisen opettamista. Nämä opettajat myös opettavat enemmän prosodiaa, joka on puheen ymmärrettävyydelle tärkeä suullisen kielitaidon osa-alue. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää opettajankoulutuksen ja opettajien täydennyskoulutuksen kehittämiseen. Opettajien kautta voidaan vaikuttaa opetuksen sisältöihin ja sitä kautta oppijoiden saavuttamaan parempaan ääntämistaitoon.

 

Phonetic knowledge facilitates the teaching of foreign language pronunciation – a survey of teaching pronunciation in Finnish schools

Abstract

We report results from a survey aimed at Finnish language teachers focusing on the currently used practices in teaching pronunciation skills in Finnish primary and secondary education. While respondents (n = 175) rated their own pronunciation skills mostly as good, they were nevertheless uncertain about how to teach pronunciation skills. The results of the survey reveal the importance of teachers' own education: the more phonetic training teachers have received, the easier it is for them to teach pronunciation. These teachers also teach more prosody, which is an important part of oral language skills for improving comprehension. Currently the teacher education provides insufficient knowledge on how to teach pronunciation. These results highlight the importance of teacher education and in-service teacher education. By developing teacher education we can influence language teaching and thereby improve the pronunciation skills of learners.

Keywords: Explicit teaching, L2 teaching, Phonetics, Pronunciation, Teacher education
Fizik Dersi Akademik Özgüven Ölçeği Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: ŞEN AKÇAY Zeynep , SENEMOĞLU Nuray
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı; ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin fizik dersine yönelik akademik özgüvenlerini belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Çalışma grubunda 2015-2016 öğretim yılında Ankara ilindeki MEB’e bağlı devlet Anadolu liselerinde öğrenim gören 515 dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencisi yer almaktadır. Ölçeğin deneme formu ilk aşamada üç farklı Anadolu lisesinde öğrenim gören 274, ikinci aşamada 271 dokuzuncu sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek amacıyla açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Ölçekten elde edilen verilerin güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla Cronbach Alpha katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin fizik dersine yönelik akademik özgüvenlerini belirlemeye yönelik, olumlu ve olumsuz akademik özgüven olmak üzere iki alt boyuttan oluşan 12 maddelik Fizik Dersi Akademik Özgüven Ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Ölçekten elde edilen verilerin Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı 0.82 ve açıkladığı toplam varyans %48,15’tir. DFA sonucunda ulaşılan ki-kare/serbestlik derecesi oranı 1.71 olup ölçeğin yapısı mükemmel uyum göstermektedir. RMSEA değeri 0.052 olup bu değere göre ölçeğin yapısının modele uyumu iyi düzeydedir. Diğer uyum indeksleri birlikte incelendiğinde geliştirilen ölçeğin 12 maddelik iki boyutlu bir yapıda olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonunda iki boyutun ilişkisinin anlamlı olduğu (r=0.496, p<.01), doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonunda boyutlar arasında pozitif yönde ve yüksek düzeyde (r=0.66) ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Geliştirilen ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerinin yeterli olduğu bulgularla ortaya konulmuştur.
Gesto Furtivo
Authors: Soares Lilian
Published: April 2020

The article was part of the thesis Indelible Horizon, a research in which writing, and its fables are confused with the materiality of artistic practice. This article-essay seeks to initiate a reflection on the act of drawing and its gesture, having as a background the language of the works of Cy Twombly and the film “Cave of forgotten dreams” by Werner Herzg. Authors such as Badiou, Barthes, Blanchot are interlocutors in this writing.
A tríade influenciadora dos espaços residuais: duas perspectivas
Authors: Martins de Souza Karina
Published: April 2020

This paper deals with the relationship between urban residual spaces and fragmentation urbanism, through the triad: functionality, visibility and technical density. Given that the functionality and the urban visibility present in the triad are inherent to the concept of residual space, the third item — technical density — can be considered as a booster of these spaces. This study also considers the possibility of functionality, visibility and technical density being applied by the public authorities, as actions that work the residual spaces and the fragmentation urbanism. This paper does not gleam to generate assertive responses to the relationship of the triad as something positive or negative for residual spaces. Instead, it intends to open the way for the discussion about this topic in the academic and professional spheres.
KONFLIK GENDER DAN PARTISIPASI PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI PENGAWAS PEMILU 2019
Authors: Daryono Yon , Nulhaqim Soni Akhmad , Fedryansyah Muhammad
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAK Isu terkait dengan partisipasi perempuan dalam pemilu banyak terkait dengan pertanyaan apakah sistem pemilu sudah menerapkan struktur kesempatan. Walaupun Indonesia sudah mempunyai desain pemilu untuk meningkatkan partisipasi perempuan, seperti kewajiban 30 persen sebagai anggota Badan Pengawas Pemilu (Bawaslu), Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat partisipasi politik perempuan yang rendah. Konflik gender, motivasi dan sistem patrhiarkhi dianggap sebagai penghalang partisipasi perempuan menjadi pengawas pemilu. Sebagian kalangan masih memiliki sikap tidak mempercayai ruang-ruang pekerjaan yang berisiko pada keselamatan, intimidasi, diserahkan kepada perempuan dalam pengawasan pemilu.
Análisis espacial del sitio Amigo Oeste, Meseta de Somuncurá (Río Negro, Argentina)
Authors: Magnín Lucía A. , Terranova Enrique Daniel , Lynch Virginia
Published: April 2020

En este trabajo analizamos las distribuciones espaciales de los artefactos líticos en Amigo Oeste, un sitio al aire libre ubicado en la región de la meseta de Somuncurá (Río Negro, Argentina). Una de las principales singularidades del sitio es que una gran proporción de las evidencias arqueológicas registradas consiste en Puntas Cola de Pescado (PCP),  artefactos de diagnóstico asignados a la transición Pleistoceno-Holoceno, lo que demuestra su relevancia para el estudio del poblamiento temprano de las Américas. El sitio se extiende tanto en la cima como en la ladera sureste de un cerro de 84m de desnivel.El relevamiento de información espacial en este sitio se realizó mediante 292 unidades transectas y recolección puntual de artefactos registrados mediante GPS no diferencial y teodolito electrónico. Se recolectaron 2575 artefactos líticos entre núcleos, artefactos formatizados y artefactos no formatizados. Hasta el momento el sitio ha sido interpretado como un lugar de visualización para control del entorno (que pudo haber sido usado como campo de caza), donde se realizaron tareas de reequipamiento de PCP, así como otras actividades relacionadas con la cacería.Con el objetivo de explorar patrones espaciales en los indicadores de actividades realizadas en el sitio, los datos generados en trabajos previos (la ubicación de los artefactos y los atributos generados desde el punto de vista tecno-morfológico y morfológico-funcional, así como información ambiental) se integraron en un Sistema de Información Geográfica, y se realizó un análisis espacial exploratorio para definir estadísticamente la existencia de agrupaciones en los artefactos, en los atributos asociados a ellos, así como el número de agrupaciones y su ubicación. Este trabajo permitió lograr un mayor conocimiento sobre las áreas de actividad en el sitio y en su entorno inmediato.
Driving Factors of Growth Evidence in the Food and Textile Sectors of Pakistan
Authors: Bashir Zahid , Arshad Muhammad Usman , Asif Muhammad , Khalid Nusrat
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research was determining the factors of growth in the textile and food sector of Pakistan. The research study analyzed data from the financial statements of textile and food sector companies of Pakistan for the period 2013-17. A fixed effect regression model was used for regression analysis after the conformation of (Hausman, 1970) specification test. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant and positive impact of profitability and negative impact of leverage on firm growth in textiles as well as the food sector of Pakistan. The results also indicated that firm growth was not significantly affected by innovation, liquidity or solvency. Growth of assets was used to measure firm growth. The findings of the study are applicable to textile as well as food sector companies in Pakistan. This research study suggested that management and policymakers in the textile as well as in the food sector of Pakistan should consider profitability as a driving factor for enhancing growth in both sectors. A small number of research studies could be found for the driving factors of growth especially in the textile as well as for the food sector of Pakistan. The present research study contributed to the existing literature by providing fresh evidence from Pakistan as a developing market. It allows the research community to explore the differences and similarities for the driving factors of growth in both sectors of Pakistan.