bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF USING RUBBER TIER AND GLASS WASTE ON THE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT MORTAR
Authors: Bdulrahman Abdulkareem Mais A , Adil Rasool Dalia , Kamal Mahmood Ahmed
Published: April 2019

This research studies the effect of rubber tier waste and waste glass together on the properties of cement mortar and used mixing ratio (1: 3) and has been added rubber tier waste ratio are (10%, 20%, and 30%). Has been added waste glass ratio are (10%, 20%and 30 %) and also added rubber tier waste and waste glass together ratio are (10%, 20% and 30%) by weight of the replacement of cement. This study includes mechanical properties such as compressive strength and physical properties such as water absorption, density and also setting time. The results obtained from the study that compressive strength decreases when increasing the percentage of additives of mortar .The water absorption increased when the percentage of additive is increased. The density decrease when both percentage of additive increase in mortar cement. Also, the setting time increases when the percentage of additive is increase.
THE EFFECT OF DIESEL-ALCOHOL BLENDS ON THE COLD-START COMBUSTION OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE
Authors: Muneer El-Deen Faik Ahmad
Published: April 2019

The present work represents an experimental investigation of the effect of blending diesel fuel by alcohol on the cold-start combustion characteristics of the compression ignition engine. The studied characteristics are the CO2, CO, and HC concentrations in the exhaust gases, in addition to the mixture Air/Fuel ratio, exhaust temperature, and engine noise levels. The experimental work has been carried out using a 4-stroke, single-cylinder compression ignition engine at different blending ratio values. These values are 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by volume of alcohol concentration with respect to the total mixture concentration. The engine has been tested under two rotational speeds (1800 and 2000 r.p.m). Two alcohols have been used in the experiments, these are ethanol and methanol. The obtained results showed that blending diesel fuel by alcohol has a positive effect on engine exhaust results during the cold-starting period. And that the results obtained from the ethanol blends are better than those obtained from the corresponding methanol blends. It is shown also that the 10% blending ratio for both ethanol and methanol blends is almost the optimum blending ratio, according to the results.
Art, Archaeology and Christian Identity in Contemporary Lebanon and Syria
Authors: Loosley Emma
Published: April 2019

In western society, as in the rest of the world, the vast majority of teenagers mould their identity by reacting to the world around them. However this sense of identity is unlikely in the early twenty-first century to be predicated by religion; music, sport, fashion and choice of friends are the elements by which schoolchildren and students define themselves and, with the notable exception of some members of minority religions, Faith is unlikely to play a major part in their formation of "self'. There is little understanding as to why immigrant Muslim, Sikh or Hindu communities place such a high value on their children remaining within the orbit of the local place of worship, as religion is seen by many of the white majority as a peripheral part of life.
An Evaluation of Bayezid's Political and Strategic Mistakes in the Rout of Ankara in 1402
Authors: Demirci Süleyman
Published: April 2019

One of the most important events in the Middle Ages was emergence of Timur's Empire between 1370 and 1405, culminating in the battle of Ankara between Timur and Bayezid in 1402. Tamerlane is more correctly called by his Turkish name, Temur; the Westem version of his name comes from the Persian Temuri lang, or "Temur the lame". He was probably born in 1336 near Samarkand (Manz 1990:1) in Transoxiana, which was then part of the Changhatayid Khanate in which Timur grew up. In the 1360s, there was a struggle in the former territory of Chingish Khans's second son, Chaghatayid, whose land was located close to the Isik Kul and Ili river, and included the Muslim territory of Central Asia. By this time, the various groups within the territory had made themselves independent under their own chiefs; this situation continued until Timur's assumption of power in 1370 (Hookham 1962:103).
The Family and Demographic Change in Caqada: Economic and Cultural lnteiprelations and Solutions
Authors: Beaujot Roderic
Published: April 2019

Certain patterns of family related behaviour have been undergoing profound changes over the past twenty-five years in Canada: cohabitation, age at marriage, proportions marrying, divorce and levels of childbearing. After describing these trends, two interpretations are suggested. The economic perspective argues that structural transformations in the economy have
Modern Problems, Classical Solutions An Islamic Perspective on the Family
Authors: Abdal-Ati Hammudah
Published: April 2019

Few observers can deny the serious problems of the contemporary family. Foremost among these is probably the reluctance of family patrons, critics, and “clinicians” to consider alternative solutions different from their own.

An attempt is made to identify some basic problems such as the very viability of the family, the nature of marriage, and the “generation gap.” Alternative solutions drawn from the classical family system of Islam are presented. Thought provoking and diffusion of ideas are contemplated. More importantly, a common viable alternative may be introduced to the perplexed modern society and at the same time rediscovered by Muslim society.

The family in Islam rests upon blood ties and/or marriage. Members are bound together in a web of reciprocal relationships oriented, ultimately, to God. Every member is assured of his rights to life, support, dignity, and care; but equitable reciprocity is imperative.

Marriage is both a contract and a sacrament, a commitment and a fulfillment. Conditional polygyny is permissible. So is divorce as the very last resort. It may be initiated unilaterally or bilaterally. But reconciliation even after divorce is highly commendable.

Relatives inherit one another in proportion to their responsibility for, and natural closeness to, one another.; The whole system is based on compassion and equity, entrusted to individual conscientiousness and societal care, and reinforced by divine involvement.
SUPPORTING OF SUSTAINABLE USE OF TERRITORIES AND OBJECTS OF THE NATURAL RESERVE FUND ON THE BASIS OF THE "GREEN ECONOMY"
Authors: MARTIENKO A.I. , TIUTIUNNYK H.O. , KUZMOVA K.
Published: April 2019

Topicality. "Green economy" is an integral part of sustainable development of society and aims at raising the standards of human life on the basis of preservation of the environment and more effective use and protection of natural resources. One of the economic and ecological priorities of the "green economy" is to ensure the sustainable use of the territories and objects of the nature reserve fund. In order to assess the results of implementation the "green economy"objectives for sustainable development of these territories, it is necessary to develop a system of indicators and determine the extent of their implementation in Ukraine.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop a system of indicators for assessing the sustainable use of territories and objects of nature reserve fund and analysis of their achievements in Ukraine. The main tasks of the article are: definining the methodological approaches to the formation of assessment indicators system based on economic&ecological and technical indicators of the protected areas status; assessment the implementation of green economy model in Ukraine on the basis of developed indicators of sustainable development.Research results. The analysis of sustainable development indicators showed positive trends in the growth of the total area of protected areas, in particular in the mountainous regions (Lviv, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi), and the ecological network for more than half during the last decades. The biodiversity of the natural reserve fund of Ukraine is characterized by more than four thousand species of plants in these territories, the economic development of which takes into account the features of natural objects and aimed at their conservation.Conclusions. In Ukraine, there are ongoing measures to achieve the objectives of the "Green Economy", in particular, there is a positive dynamics in increasing the territories and objects of nature reserve fund, including in mountainous regions and the ecological network. The results of solving the problem of preservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems are practically closer to the target landmarks. The institutional environment and the system of public administration and administration of the formation of nature reserve fund should develop in the direction of ensuring the fulfillment of the priority goals of the "green economy". An analysis of allocation the financial resources for conservation, restoration and improvement of the territories and objects state of Ukrainian nature reserve fund showed that there are trends in increasing their volumes and prospects of achieving the "green economy" benchmarks in this area.
INDUSTRY OF RIVNE REGION: CURRENT STATE AND STRATEGIC TARGETS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: POPKO O.V
Published: April 2019

Topicality. Increasing attention to the development of industry and industrial policy is one of the main tendencies in the development of the modern world global economy. Wide recognition of the important role of industry in solving current problems has been reflected in new challenges for rapid development of the domestic industry. It is a generator of scientific and technological progress and innovation and an important factor in the competitiveness of national economies and it serves as a driver for economic growth. Purpose and tasks.
The purpose of the article is to identify the situation, problems and prospects of industry development in the Rivne region. Results. It is established the leading role in the economy of Rivne Oblast is famous for industry and agriculture. It was revealed the leading industries of the Rivne region including production and supply of electricity and gas; Chemical Industry; manufacture of building materials and glassware; Food Industry; manufacture of wood products; engineering.
The results of the research on the development of industry in the Rivne region, problems and tasks of its development, SWOT-analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of industry in the Rivne region, opportunities and threats of its development are presented. The primary directions of industry development in the Rivne region have been formed. In particular, modernization of production; introduction of energy-saving technologies; promotion of production of industrial products, competitive in the domestic and foreign markets; an increase in the total volume of foreign direct investment attracted to the regional economy; establishing cooperation with international companies; regulation of the legislative framework on consumer rights protection, advertising, unfair competition, registration of patents and inventions, registration and protection of trademark rights for goods and services.Conclusions. The following problems of the regional industry must be considered and urgently addressed: moral and physical depreciation of fixed assets, high dependence on world market conditions, high energy intensity of production, production of products with low added value, etc. Instead, key drivers need to become its competitive advantages as a strong raw material base, advantageous geographic position, close proximity to the EU markets, a relatively low share of labor costs in the structure of the cost of industrial products, and a significant unrealized potential of domestic demand for industrial products.
A Two-Strain Deterministic Dengue Model With Seasonality Effect
Authors: Abidemi Afeez , Abd Aziz Mohd Ismail , Ahmad Rohanin
Published: April 2019

A compartmental model is proposed to describe the dynamics of vector-host interations for dengue disease transmission with coexistence of two virus serotypes. The model is modified to incorporate  seasonal-dependent mosquito birth rate in order to examine the influence of climatic factors such as rainfall and temperature on the dynamics of mosquito population and dengue disease transmission. The Next Generation Matrix method is used to obtain the basic reproduction number associated with the model without seasonality effect. The global dynamics of the model is analysed using the Comparison Theorem. The model is simulated in MATLAB with ode45 routine for two cases, namely: the less aggressive case (Case ) and the more aggressive case (Case ).  Analysis of the model shows that the Disease-Free Equilibrium (DFE) is locally asymptotically stable whenever both the basic reproduction numbers  R01 (associated with strain  only) and  R0j (associated with strain  only) are below unity. It is shown that the DFE is globally asymptotically stable when the susceptibility indices for secondary infection in strain  1 ( sigma1) and strain j ( sigmaj), and  are all less than 1.
Results of a prospective multicenter controlled study comparing surgical outcomes of microscopic versus fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas: the Transsphenoidal Extent of Resection (TRANSSPHER) Study
Authors: Little Andrew S. , Kelly Daniel F. , White William L. , Gardner Paul A. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Chicoine Michael R. , Barkhoudarian Garni , Chandler James P. , Prevedello Daniel M. , Liebelt Brandon D. , Sfondouris John , Mayberg Marc R. , _ _
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Many surgeons have adopted fully endoscopic over microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary tumors, although no high-quality evidence demonstrates superior patient outcomes with endoscopic surgery. The goal of this analysis was to compare these techniques in a prospective multicenter controlled study.

METHODS

Extent of tumor resection was compared after endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal surgery in adults with nonfunctioning adenomas. The primary end point was gross-total tumor resection determined by postoperative MRI. Secondary end points included volumetric extent of tumor resection, pituitary hormone outcomes, and standard quality measures.

RESULTS

Seven pituitary centers and 15 surgeons participated in the study. Of the 530 patients screened, 260 were enrolled (82 who underwent microscopic procedures, 177 who underwent endoscopic procedures, and 1 who cancelled surgery) between February 2015 and June 2017. Surgeons who used the microscopic technique were more experienced than the surgeons who used the endoscopic technique in terms of years in practice and number of transsphenoidal surgeries performed (p < 0.001). Gross-total resection was achieved in 80.0% (60/75) of microscopic surgery patients and 83.7% (139/166) of endoscopic surgery patients (p = 0.47, OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4–1.6). Volumetric extent of resection, length of stay, surgery-related deaths, and unplanned readmission rates were similar between groups (p > 0.2). New hormone deficiency was present at 6 months in 28.4% (19/67) of the microscopic surgery patients and 9.7% (14/145) of the endoscopic surgery patients (p < 0.001, OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.7–7.7). Microscopic surgery cases were significantly shorter in duration than endoscopic surgery cases (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Experienced surgeons who performed microscopic surgery and less experienced surgeons who performed endoscopic surgery achieved similar extents of tumor resection and quality outcomes in patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. The endoscopic technique may be associated with lower rates of postoperative pituitary gland dysfunction. This study generally supports the transition to endoscopic pituitary surgery when the procedure is performed by proficient surgeons, although both techniques yield overall acceptable surgical outcomes.

■ CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE Type of question: therapeutic; study design: prospective cohort trial; evidence: class III.

Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02357498 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Revascularization and functional outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in elderly patients
Authors: Andrews Carrie E. , Mouchtouris Nikolaos , Fitchett Evan M. , Al Saiegh Fadi , Lang Michael J. , Romo Victor M. , Herial Nabeel , Jabbour Pascal , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Gooch M. Reid
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is now the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) secondary to large-vessel occlusion, but there remains a question of whether elderly patients benefit from this procedure to the same degree as the younger populations enrolled in the seminal trials on MT. The authors compared outcomes after MT of patients 80–89 and ≥ 90 years old with AIS to those of younger patients.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively analyzed records of patients undergoing MT at their institution to examine stroke severity, comorbid conditions, medical management, recanalization results, and clinical outcomes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to compare patients < 80 years, 80–89 years, and ≥ 90 years old.

RESULTS

All groups had similar rates of comorbid disease and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration, and stroke severity did not differ significantly between groups. Elderly patients had equivalent recanalization outcomes, with similar rates of readmission, 30-day mortality, and hospital-associated complications. These patients were more likely to have poor clinical outcome on discharge, as defined by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3–6, but this difference was not significant when controlled for stroke severity, tPA administration, and recanalization results.

CONCLUSIONS

Octogenarians, nonagenarians, and centenarians with AIS have similar rates of mortality, hospital readmission, and hospital-associated complications as younger patients after MT. Elderly patients also have the capacity to achieve good functional outcome after MT, but this potential is moderated by stroke severity and success of treatment.
Preoperative laboratory testing before pediatric neurosurgery: an NSQIP-Pediatrics analysis
Authors: Dasenbrock Hormuzdiyar H. , Smith Timothy R. , Robinson Shenandoah
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES

The goal of this study was to evaluate clinical predictors of abnormal preoperative laboratory values in pediatric neurosurgical patients.

METHODS

Data obtained in children who underwent a neurosurgical operation were extracted from the prospective National Surgical Quality Improvement Program–Pediatrics (NSQIP-P, 2012–2013) registry. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated predictors of preoperative laboratory values that might require further evaluation (white blood cell count < 2000/μl, hematocrit < 24%, platelet count < 100,000/μl, international normalized ratio > 1.4, or partial thromboplastin time > 45 seconds) or a preoperative transfusion (within 48 hours prior to surgery). Variables screened included patient demographics; American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical designation classification; comorbidities; recent steroid use, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy; and admission type. Predictive score validation was performed using the NSQIP-P 2014 data.

RESULTS

Of the 6556 patients aged greater than 2 years, 68.9% (n = 5089) underwent laboratory testing, but only 1.9% (n = 125) had a critical laboratory value. Predictors of a laboratory abnormality were ASA class III–V; diabetes mellitus; hematological, hypothrombotic, or oncological comorbidities; nutritional support; recent chemotherapy; systemic inflammatory response syndrome; and a nonelective hospital admission. These 9 variables were used to create a predictive score, with a single point assigned for each predictor. The prevalence of critical values in the validation population (NSQIP-P 2014) of patients greater than 2 years of age was 0.3% with a score of 0, 1.0% in those with a score of 1, 1.6% in those with a score of 2, and 6.2% in those with a score ≥ 3. Higher score was predictive of a critical value (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.91–2.83, p < 0.001, C-statistic 0.76) and with the requirement of a perioperative transfusion (intraoperatively or within 72 hours postoperatively; OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.22–1.67, p < 0.001) in the validation population. Moreover, when the same score was applied to children aged 2 years or younger, a greater score was predictive of a critical value (OR 2.47, 95% CI 2.15–2.84, p < 0.001, C-statistic 0.76).

CONCLUSIONS

Critical laboratory values in pediatric neurosurgical patients are largely predicted by clinical characteristics, and abnormal preoperative laboratory results are rare in patients older than 2 years of age without comorbidities who are undergoing elective surgery. The NSQIP-P critical preoperative laboratory value scale is proposed to indicate patients with the highest odds of an abnormal value. The scale can assist with triaging preoperative testing based on the surgical risk, as determined by the treating surgeon and anesthesiologist.
Clinical outcomes of normal pressure hydrocephalus in 116 patients: objective versus subjective assessment
Authors: Wu Eva M. , El Ahmadieh Tarek Y. , Kafka Benjamin , Caruso James P. , Neeley Om J. , Plitt Aaron R. , Aoun Salah G. , Olson Daiwai , Ruchinskas Robert A. , Cullum C. Munro , Welch Babu G. , Batjer H. Hunt , White Jonathan A.
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Objective assessment tests are commonly used to predict the response to ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Whether subjective reports of improvement after a lumbar drain (LD) trial can predict response to VP shunting remains controversial. The goal in this study was to compare clinical characteristics, complication rates, and shunt outcomes of objective and subjective LD responders who underwent VP shunt placement.

METHODS

This was a retrospective review of patients with NPH who underwent VP shunt placement after clinical improvement with the LD trial. Patients who responded after the LD trial were subclassified into objective LD responders and subjective LD responders. Clinical characteristics, complication rates, and shunt outcomes between the 2 groups were compared with chi-square test of independence and t-test.

RESULTS

A total of 116 patients received a VP shunt; 75 were objective LD responders and 41 were subjective LD responders. There was no statistically significant difference in patient characteristics between the 2 groups, except for a shorter length of stay after LD trial seen with subjective responders. The complication rates after LD trial and VP shunting were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Similarly, there was no significant difference in shunt response between objective and subjective LD responders. The mean duration of follow-up was 1.73 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Reports of subjective improvement after LD trial in patients with NPH can be a reliable predictor of shunt response. The currently used objective assessment scales may not be sensitive enough to detect subtle changes in symptomatology after LD trial.
Surgical approaches for the lateral mesencephalic sulcus
Authors: Cavalcanti Daniel Dutra , Morais Bárbara Albuquerque , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Spetzler Robert F. , Preul Mark C.
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

The brainstem is a compact, delicate structure. The surgeon must have good anatomical knowledge of the safe entry points to safely resect intrinsic lesions. Lesions located at the lateral midbrain surface are better approached through the lateral mesencephalic sulcus (LMS). The goal of this study was to compare the surgical exposure to the LMS provided by the subtemporal (ST) approach and the paramedian and extreme-lateral variants of the supracerebellar infratentorial (SCIT) approach.

METHODS

These 3 approaches were used in 10 cadaveric heads. The authors performed measurements of predetermined points by using a neuronavigation system. Areas of microsurgical exposure and angles of the approaches were determined. Statistical analysis was performed to identify significant differences in the respective exposures.

RESULTS

The surgical exposure was similar for the different approaches—369.8 ± 70.1 mm2 for the ST; 341.2 ± 71.2 mm2 for the SCIT paramedian variant; and 312.0 ± 79.3 mm2 for the SCIT extreme-lateral variant (p = 0.13). However, the vertical angular exposure was 16.3° ± 3.6° for the ST, 19.4° ± 3.4° for the SCIT paramedian variant, and 25.1° ± 3.3° for the SCIT extreme-lateral variant craniotomy (p < 0.001). The horizontal angular exposure was 45.2° ± 6.3° for the ST, 35.6° ± 2.9° for the SCIT paramedian variant, and 45.5° ± 6.6° for the SCIT extreme-lateral variant opening, presenting no difference between the ST and extreme-lateral variant (p = 0.92), but both were superior to the paramedian variant (p < 0.001). Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.

CONCLUSIONS

The extreme-lateral SCIT approach had the smaller area of surgical exposure; however, these differences were not statistically significant. The extreme-lateral SCIT approach presented a wider vertical and horizontal angle to the LMS compared to the other craniotomies. Also, it provides a 90° trajectory to the sulcus that facilitates the intraoperative microsurgical technique.
Cerebral blood flow augmentation using a cardiac-gated intracranial pulsating balloon pump in a swine model of elevated ICP
Authors: Doron Omer , Or Tal , Battino Limor , Rosenthal Guy , Barnea Ofer
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

Augmenting brain perfusion or reducing intracranial pressure (ICP) dose is the end target of many therapies in the neuro-critical care unit. Many present therapies rely on aggressive systemic interventions that may lead to untoward effects. Previous studies have used a cardiac-gated intracranial balloon pump (ICBP) to model hydrocephalus or to flatten the ICP waveform. The authors sought to sought to optimize ICBP activation parameters to improve cerebral physiological parameters in a swine model of raised ICP.

METHODS

The authors developed a cardiac-gated ICBP in which the volume, timing, and duty cycle (time relative to a single cardiac cycle) of balloon inflation could be altered. They studied the ICBP in a swine model of elevated ICP attained by continuous intracranial fluid infusion with continuous monitoring of systemic and cerebral physiological parameters, and defined two specific protocols of ICBP activation.

RESULTS

Eleven swine were studied, 3 of which were studied to define the optimal timing, volume, and duty cycle of balloon inflation. Eight swine were studied with two defined protocols at baseline and with ICP gradually raised to a mean of 30.5 mm Hg. ICBP activation caused a consistent modification of the ICP waveform. Two ICBP activation protocols were used. Balloon activation protocol A led to a consistent elevation in cerebral blood flow (8%–25% above baseline, p < 0.00001). Protocol B resulted in a modest reduction of ICP over time (8%–11%, p < 0.0001) at all ICP levels. Neither protocol significantly affected systemic physiological parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

The preliminary results indicate that optimized protocols of ICBP activation may have beneficial effects on cerebral physiological parameters, with minimal effect on systemic parameters. Further studies are warranted to explore whether ICBP protocols may be of clinical benefit in patients with brain injuries with increased ICP.
Vagabondage et dévergondage du personnage: réflexions sur les déambulations du héros dans les contes renardiens de la France médiévale
Authors: Koffi Kouacou Jacques Raymond
Published: April 2019

The continual monotony and the wandering life of individuals, members of the French society of the Middle Age has been a big concern for the fox folktales tellers. They have focused on the strolls of Renart the fox, hero of Le Roman de Renart, deriving from populous tales of former France. In fact, the fox folktales tellers represent the reign of social anarchy triggered off by the decay of central power and the implementation of an asocial life grounded on the quest and conquest of an uncertain future and desperately marked by anguish and the resort to deceit means to the disdain of human being. Even the knight dignified forfeit of the social honorable and respectable manners in the past, is compelled to a roving, boredom and brutality for survive. This contribution aims to visit this central and worrying question of the Middle Age society to establish the contemporary value and show how it is dozed a potential outline of wandering whose expression comes from the absence of a controlled life and an irresponsibility of any resignation power.
Sacrum et profanum dans Yonec de Marie de France (XIIe siècle)
Authors: Gęsicka Anna
Published: April 2019

In the Breton lais, we encounter a brilliant marriage of the Celtic and Christian « marvel » (merveilleux), which is revealed on various semiotic levels. The zones of sacrum and profanum interpenetrate and provoke the reader’s afterthoughts with abundant and profound imagery. In Yonec by Marie de France, at the moment when the coming from Autre Monde protagonist is receiving the Eucharist, he con-stitutes one body with his beloved. In this paper, I attempt to uncover a spiritual meaning/message underlying the text, characters-symbols. The clue to this analysis is the idea of transition: from one status to another, from one figure to another, or from one meaning to another.
Retrouver le temple du sacré : la logique des extrêmes dans le roman de Durtal
Authors: Sibourg Eléonore
Published: April 2019

In the late 19th century a reversal of the values linked to the sacred and the profane can be observed. As Religion retreats, Positivism and faith in Progress fill the gap left by the abandoned spiritual belief. A nostalgia for transcendence arises amongst writers. Naturalism turns out to be sterile, but, sill, a belief in God seems to have become impossible. It is in this context that Huysmans writes his novels. The Durtal tetralogy in particular focuses on this theme: desperate, the main character wanders around Catholicism, seeking a sense of the Sacred. He first explores the world of Satanism before the conversion. But even when faith is regained, problems are not solved. In the religious domain itself, Durtal condemns the sacralization of the profane. Henceforth, the Durtal tetralogy manifests itself as a novel of the in-between: from brothel to church, between up-above and down-below, between almighty materialism and bourgeois Catholicism, this misanthropic writer prays for a renewed and primitive form of religious practice in which the individual can access the Sacred again. The quest for the supernatural, through a questioning of contemporary society, becomes a quest for Identity.
Le Jugement dernier de Léon Delmont : déplacements du sacré dans La Modification de Michel Butor
Authors: Guermès Sophie
Published: April 2019

The compartment in A Change of Heart is a secular space. However, the Sacred will gradually invade it through hallucinations of the narrator. Thus an unexpected and fantastic struggle led by the Pope, priests, cardinals, prophets and sibyls against Leon Delmont will cause a change of his initial decision, motivating and justifying the novel’s title.
Un Dieu sadique : le rôle de l’image blasphématoire de Dieu dans Dolce agonia de Nancy Huston
Authors: Front Izabela
Published: April 2019

The present article seeks to analyze the way in which the blasphemous figure of God in Dolce agonia by Nancy Huston allows the author to describe the sacred element in human life, seen as deprived of transcendental character. This is possible thanks to the three aspects of the text dependent on the type of God’s figure, which are: the contrast between passages marked by the cynical God’s voice and passages focused on man’s life filled with suffering; the tone and the appropriation of time var-iations and, finally, the double character of God who, at the same time, is indifferent to man’s lot while touched by his capacity of love.
‘Other’: typological observations
Authors: Cheremisinova M. , Lander Yu.
Published: April 2019

The paper presents a cross-linguistic investigation into specific characteristics of the expressions translated as ‘other’. We discuss the appearance of ‘other’ expressions at a periphery of nominal phrases or before nouns in right-branching languages, their occasional incompatibility with determiners and certain peculiarities in the expression of number. The features discussed suggest that ‘other’ expressions are in many respects similar to determiners, even though they should not necessarily be treated as such.
Formation and development of the Chuvash folklore studies and literary criticism of the 19th century
Authors: Abasheva D. , Sigov V. , Sharyafetdinov R.
Published: April 2019

History of literary criticism of various nations of Russia in the 19th century is many-sided and is important both for further development of literature and for the process of mutual enrichment, addition of literatures and literary studies. A special place in this context belongs to the Kazan province which has always been characterized by ethnic diversity an multinational structure and to the University of Kazan which is the acknowledged center for studying traditional ways of life, folklore and literature of the Volga region. In the formation of literary criticism and the development of literature of the Volga region in general and Chuvash literature in particular, the activities of the Chuvash writers, actors, artists, composers (I. Yurkin, G. Timofeev, M. Akimov, K. Ivanov, N. Shubossinni, M. Trubina, F. Pavlov, P. Pazukhin, etc.) and researchers (A.A. Fuchs, V.A. Sboev, S.M. Mikhailov, P. Malkhov, I.Ya. Yakovlev, N.M. Ashmarin, etc.) are of special importance.
Where corpus methods hit their limits: The case of separable adjectives in Bambara
Authors: Vydrin V.
Published: April 2019

Separable adjectives represent a morphosyntactic subcategory of the part of speech of adjectives in Bambara (< Manding < Mande < Niger-Congo, Mali, West Africa). A separable adjective is a compound lexeme consisting of a noun root designating most often a body part, a qualitative verb root and a connector -la- ~ -lan- or -ma- ~ -man-. When used predicatively, the final component of a separable adjective (the qualitative verb root) is split from the rest of the form by the auxiliary word ka or man. Separable adjectives express mainly human qualities (moral or physical), and their semantics are very often idiomatic. The productivity of this subclass is limited. In order to establish an inventory of the separable adjectives, two approaches have been followed: elicitation and a search in the Bambara Reference Corpus (which included roughly 4,110,000 words at the time of this study). The potentially imaginable number of lexemes of this type equals 570 (15 noun roots × 19 qualitative verb roots × 2 connectors). Elicitation provided 75 separable adjectives, and the corpus study, 25, 3 of which are absent from the elicitated list. This experiment proves that in studies of derivative morphology, when a linguist needs to fill out a matrix, elicitation cannot simply be replaced by a corpus study. On the other hand, the corpus data provides invaluable supplementary data that cannot be obtained through elicitation
The order of attributive adjectives in the history of Russian and the position of adjectives in the noun phrase
Authors: Grashchenkov P. , Kurianova O.
Published: April 2019

The paper discusses ordering of different semantic classes of attributive adjectives and possible implications for the syntactic hierarchy based of the (non-)observed linearization. Two corpus-driven studies are presented: the first one considers Russian, the second one deals with the complex corpus, consisting of Old Church Slavonic and Old Russian texts from XI to XVII centuries. Although quantitative analysis shows the tendency towards ordering of attributive adjective, this tendency is not strong and regular enough. The paper concludes that attributive adjectives can be hardly viewed as representing syntactically ordered functional structure and soon argue in favor of attributive adjunction.
Semantic valencies of the verb rasstegnut’ (to unbutton) and ineffability of semantic valencies
Authors: Mukhachyova I.
Published: April 2019

The article discusses the phenomenon of the ineffability of semantic valencies of the verbs with the meaning of liquidation of a result (liquidatives). The author gives theoretical information about different types of the failure to express linguistically semantic valencies. In the article one Russian verb from the semantic group of liquidatives – the verb rasstegnut ’ (to unbutton) – is analysed. Regularly it is used as an example of a verb possessing an inexpressible valency. Basing on the analysis of semantic and syntactic features of this verb in different contexts the author differentiates two meanings of rasstegnut ’ and examines their government patterns. It has been found out that the liquidative rasstegnut ’ in all its meanings does not have any inexpressible semantic valency.
Prosodic implementation of the open and hidden conflict in political discourse
Authors: Seiranian M.
Published: April 2019

Research in conflict discourse specifics shows that one of the vital issues is the role of prosody in conflict communication. Since we regard prosody as a contextualization key, we find it relevant to focus on prosodic markers of open and hidden conflict. This article deals with the results of conflict political discourse acoustic analysis. The research corpus comprises samples of debates in the British Parliament viewed as conflict discourse. At computer-based stage of research we used Speech Analyzer application v. 3.0.1.
Towards the analysis of atypical forms of competition: “Noise” and “interference” as a means of struggle for existence
Authors: Friedmann V.S. , Suslov V.V.
Published: April 2019

The article provides analysis of “noise” as a means of competition in the interactions of individuals or populations, based on the idea of communication (intraspecific) as the most specialized form of competition for a social resource. There are signs-intermediaries and information exchange; hence, the winner is not the one who is stronger or more successful in “hitting” the opponent or otherwise influencing them, but who adequately rearranges the behavioral model based on the signal information and better predicts how to confront the partner in the next step of the process. When transferring the idea of communication as a competitive communication, mediated by information exchange, in the area of competitive interactions of the species itself, it turns out that there are the same mediators in the form of specialized feeding methods and / or territorial exploitation strategies, the deployment of which “takes information into account” from the habitat structure on the signal features of the latter, etc.That is, even ordinary operational competition may be to some extent information interaction. Naturally, the winner is the species, whose population better maintains the stability of relations in the presence of disturbances associated with “eating away” a part of resources by competitors from other species moving along the same “lace” of habitats. Often they consume a resource less efficiently than the above mentioned species, since less specialized, but create a “noise” disorienting it. Predictable consumption of a resource in the territories of a specialist species forms a signal field that facilitates each of its individuals to “build” the tactics of collecting food “for tomorrow”, and the unpredictable consumption of a close species-generalist “confuses”.
Cultivated poplars (Populus, Salicaceae) of Cherepovets (Vologda province)
Authors: Garin E.V. , Nasimovich Yu.A.
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was to reveal the species composition of both cultivated poplars and naturally occurring in small towns of Northern Russia. So far poplar species composition has been studied in big cities like Moscow and St. Petersburg only. We identified species, hybrids and cultivars using their morphological characters. In the town of Cherepovets of Vologda Province we found the following species cultivated as ornamentals in 2018: one local Populus species (P. tremula), two species introduced from foreign regions (P. laurifolia, P. longifolia), and twelve interspecific hybrids, both spontaneous and cultigenous, one of which we failed to identify. Hybrids, especially complex ones (P. × sibirica and others) are dominating over “pure” species. The composition of poplar taxa in this town is similar to that of Moscow, with some differences due to the northern position of the town (lower number of pyramidal cultivars, lack of P. nigra) and its relatively small area (species from remote regions, P. deltoides, P. simonii, rarely if ever planted there).
Herpetological research in Russian nature reserves: Current status and perspectives of development
Authors: Bobrov V.V.
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the herpetological research of USSR nature reserves that were described in the scientific journal published over 30 years ago. The author proposes some new directions of herpetological research in nature reserves of Russia, in particular, studying of critically significant territories for amphibians and reptiles and the research of invasive species.
MONITORES EM AÇÃO NO ENSINO COLETIVO DE CORDAS DA UFC
Authors: Alcantara Hayrles Da Conceição Freitas de Moraes , Ying Liu Man , De Queiroz Dora Utermohl
Published: April 2019

Esta pesquisa faz parte de um conjunto de ações investigatórias sobre o ensino coletivo de instrumentos de cordas friccionadas na Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC. O objetivo desse trabalho é compreender a importância dos monitores no desenvolvimento da metodologia do ensino coletivo de cordas no curso de música da UFC juntamente ao projeto de ensino coletivo de instrumentos Sinfonia.br e qual a relevância dessa experiência para a formação dos monitores na visão deles mesmos. A abordagem deste trabalho será qualitativa em um estudo de caso e sua metodologia se dará por meio de análise documental e uma entrevista grupo focal com todos os monitores que atuam com a metodologia na UFC. Sobressaiu-se nesta pesquisa a evolução dos projetos, o aumento do número de alunos inscritos e nas experiências proporcionadas aos monitores dessas ações de extensões que amadurecem sua formação docente, artístico, técnico-instrumental e humana a partir dessa oportunidade.
Recovery of bone powder from salmon by- product and application in production of Tra catfish cake
Authors: Vo Tam Dinh-Le , Bao Vo Chi , Thi Thuy Nguyen Huynh , Truc Le Linh , Thong Trong Vi Do , Thi Huong Thao Nguyen
Published: April 2019

In this study, salmon by-products were utilised to produce high ash content (AC) salmon bone powder (SBP) using hydrolytic enzyme and apply in the production of Tra catfish cake. The by- products included 61.9% of moisture, 43.1% of protein, 45.4% of lipid, 10.2% of ash, 3.7% of calcium and 2.3% of phosphorus (on dry weight basis). The AC of SBP achieved the maximal value of 46.9% when hydrolytic enzyme of Alcalase, pH value of 6.5, temperature of 60oC, the Enzyme/Substrate (E/S) ratio of 60 U/g protein and time of 4 hours. The obtained SBP contained 23.1% of calcium, 11.7% of phosphorus and without heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury and lead. The fish cake added with 2% of SBP owned the highest gel strength, folding score and whiteness of 287.4, AA and 65.3, respectively and it was accepted by the test panel. Hence, SBP could be used in the production of Tra catfish cake as a mineral supplement.
Development Global Competitive Advantage at PT Tiphone Mobile Indonesia, Tbk Case Study using 4C’s Framework Model
Authors: Wicaksono Aryo , Arissaputra Rivaldi , Rufaidah Popy
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses about the application of global competitive advantage with the 4C's Framework model (Hao Ma, 2004) that consists of Creation, Competition, Cooperation and Co-option variables in PT Tiphone Mobile Indonesia, Tbk.. The research method used is case study and SWOT Analysis method. The research provides a managerial impact to the company that is under study, namely the implementation of 4C’s Framework model so the company has the advantage of competing globally. The Company achieves global competitive advantage based on ownership-based, access-based, and proficiency-based through the implementation of Creation and Innovation, Competition, Cooperation, and Co-option.
A CASE ON EMPLOYABILITY AND WORK LIFE BALANCE ISSUES OF WORKING WOMEN IN INDONESIA
Authors: SEMWAL PANKKHURRI
Published: April 2019

Indonesia - a diverse nation of more than 300 ethnic groups. The largest economy in Southeast Asia. At present, Indonesia is the world’s fourth most populous nation, the world’s 10th largest economy in terms of purchasing power parity. Out of a total population of 252 million, more than 28 million people in Indonesia are still living below the poverty line. Approximately 40% of the total population of the country remains vulnerable of falling into poverty, as their income hover marginally above the national poverty line.

Which can be largely be because of the slower pace of job creation as another challenge to efforts at reducing poverty, largely affecting the 1.7 million youth who enter the workforce each year.

While there have been greater efforts at improving basic public services, the quality of health clinics and schools is uneven by middle income standards, contributing to alarming indicators, particularly in health.
THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF TONGUE DIAGNOSIS CABIN
Authors: Ma Yu- Hui , Li Lin- Feng , Zhang Yu- Xuan , Zhang Yu , Wang Yu- Ting , Han Si- Yuan , Liang Yu- Rong
Published: April 2019

On the basis of a large number of previous studies, we develop the TCM Tongue diagnosis mobile phone software based on artificial intelligence technology which is named Tongue Diagnosis Cabin. The software utilizes and improves the digital objectification technology of modern tongue image to overcome the influence of the pixel limitation of the mobile phone, the complex shooting environment, the unstable light source and other conditions on the color and definition of the original tongue image, and reduces the total difference between the remote tongue image and the original tongue image color, so as to achieve clinical visual equivalence. The software is based on the mobile phone, which is easy to operate with intelligently guidance and superior performance, and can promote the development of digitalization and telemedicine of tongue diagnosis.

Keywords: tongue diagnosis cabin; tongue diagnosis; intelligence; mobile; telemedicine
A continuidade da ausência do poder judiciário como objeto de estudos na administração pública brasileira: um levantamento de 2009 a 2017
Authors: Oliveira Leonel Gois Lima , Maia Nogueira José Marcelo , Pimentel Themisa Araújo Barroso
Published: April 2019

Objetivou-se complementar o estudo realizado por Nogueira (2011), recenseando e reunindo a produção acadêmica brasileira na área de Administração Pública voltada para a análise da gestão do Poder Judiciário nos anos de 2009 a 2017. Utilizaram-se os mesmos procedimentos e critérios metodológicos adotados por Nogueira (2011) para servir tanto em aspectos complementares como comparativos entre os períodos investigados. Os resultados obtidos com o levantamento apontaram que um percentual de 2,27% dos artigos publicados na área de Administração Pública aborda questões relacionadas à Gestão do Poder Judiciário. O percentual ainda é pequeno, mas demonstra avanços em um curto período.