bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and clinicopathological analysis of potential p73-regulated biomarkers in colorectal cancer via integrative bioinformatics
Authors: Bareja Chanchal , Dwivedi Kountay , Uboveja Apoorva , Mathur Ankit , Kumar Naveen , Saluja Daman
Published: April 2024

This study aims to decipher crucial biomarkers regulated by p73 for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) by employing a combination of integrative bioinformatics and expression profiling techniques. The transcriptome profile of HCT116 cell line p53$$^{-/-}$$

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p73$$^{+/+}$$

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and p53$$^{-/-}$$

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p73 knockdown was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). This was corroborated with three CRC tissue expression datasets available in Gene Expression Omnibus. Further analysis involved KEGG and Gene ontology to elucidate the functional roles of DEGs. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape to identify hub genes. Kaplan–Meier (KM) plots along with GEPIA and UALCAN database analysis provided the insights into the prognostic and diagnostic significance of these hub genes. Machine/deep learning algorithms were employed to perform TNM-stage classification. Transcriptome profiling revealed 1289 upregulated and 1897 downregulated genes. When intersected with employed CRC datasets, 284 DEGs were obtained. Comprehensive analysis using gene ontology and KEGG revealed enrichment of the DEGs in metabolic process, fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. The PPI network constructed using these 284 genes assisted in identifying 20 hub genes. Kaplan–Meier, GEPIA, and UALCAN analyses uncovered the clinicopathological relevance of these hub genes. Conclusively, the deep learning model achieved TNM-stage classification accuracy of 0.78 and 0.75 using 284 DEGs and 20 hub genes, respectively. The study represents a pioneer endeavor amalgamating transcriptomics, publicly available tissue datasets, and machine learning to unveil key CRC-associated genes. These genes are found relevant regarding the patients’ prognosis and diagnosis. The unveiled biomarkers exhibit robustness in TNM-stage prediction, thereby laying the foundation for future clinical applications and therapeutic interventions in CRC management.
Differential expression and global analysis of miR156/SQUAMOSA promoter binding-like proteins (SPL) module in oat
Authors: Mehtab-Singh  , Tripathi Rajiv K. , Bekele Wubishet A. , Tinker Nicholas A. , Singh Jaswinder
Published: April 2024

SQUAMOSA promoter binding-like proteins (SPLs) are important transcription factors that influence growth phase transition and reproduction in plants. SPLs are targeted by miR156 but the SPL/miR156 module is completely unknown in oat. We identified 28 oat SPL genes (AsSPLs) distributed across all 21 oat chromosomes except for 4C and 6D. The oat- SPL gene family represented six of eight SPL phylogenetic groups, with no AsSPLs in groups 3 and 7. A novel oat miR156 (AsmiR156) family with 21 precursors divided into 7 groups was characterized. A total of 16 AsSPLs were found to be targeted by AsmiR156. Intriguingly, AsSPL3s showed high transcript abundance during early inflorescence (GS-54), as compared to the lower abundance of AsmiR156, indicating their role in reproductive development. Unravelling the SPL/miR156 regulatory hub and alterations in expression patterns of AsSPLs could provide an essential toolbox for genetic improvement in the cultivated oat.
Experiments as Code and its application to VR studies in human-building interaction
Authors: Aguilar Leonel , Gath-Morad Michal , Grübel Jascha , Ermatinger Jasper , Zhao Hantao , Wehrli Stefan , Sumner Robert W. , Zhang Ce , Helbing Dirk , Hölscher Christoph
Published: April 2024

Experiments as Code (ExaC) is a concept for reproducible, auditable, debuggable, reusable, & scalable experiments. Experiments are a crucial tool to understand Human-Building Interactions (HBI) and build a coherent theory around it. However, a common concern for experiments is their auditability and reproducibility. Experiments are usually designed, provisioned, managed, and analyzed by diverse teams of specialists (e.g., researchers, technicians, engineers) and may require many resources (e.g., cloud infrastructure, specialized equipment). Although researchers strive to document experiments accurately, this process is often lacking. Consequently, it is difficult to reproduce these experiments. Moreover, when it is necessary to create a similar experiment, the “wheel is very often reinvented”. It appears easier to start from scratch than trying to reuse existing work. Thus valuable embedded best practices and previous experiences are lost. In behavioral studies, such as in HBI, this has contributed to the reproducibility crisis. To tackle these challenges, we propose the ExaC paradigm, which not only documents the whole experiment, but additionally provides the automation code to provision, deploy, manage, and analyze the experiment. To this end, we define the ExaC concept, provide a taxonomy for the components of a practical implementation, and provide a proof of concept with an HBI desktop VR experiment that demonstrates the benefits of its “as code” representation, that is, reproducibility, auditability, debuggability, reusability, & scalability.
Linking ecosystems to public health based on combination of social and ecological systems
Authors: Khosravi Mashizi Azam , Sharafatmandrad Mohsen
Published: April 2024

Promotion of public health is one of the most important benefits of ecosystems. Nevertheless, the relationship between ecosystems and social health’ needs is not well understood. Therefore, a study was done to investigate the potential of natural (forests and rangelands) and artificial (urban parks and gardens) ecosystems in ensuring the five dimensions of public health (i.e. physical, mental, spiritual, social and environmental) in the social systems (urban and rural societies). Therefore, 47 health indicators were used in order to relate different ecosystems and social’ needs to five dimensions of public health through questionnaire. The results indicated that natural ecosystems had the greatest potential in providing mental, spiritual and environmental health due to ecological characteristics of wilderness and aesthetic. The artificial ecosystems had the greatest potential in providing physical and social health due to their easy access. However, there was a match between social health’ needs and ecosystem potential in the rural areas. The study highlighted the need for promotion of ecological indicators related to mental health in urban areas by enhancing silence and aesthetic in artificial ecosystems. Presented framework can provide comprehensive information on the weaknesses and strengths of different ecosystems to promote public health based on social needs and fixing the weaknesses of artificial ecosystems in urban areas.
Long-term oncologic outcomes of unselected triple-negative breast cancer patients according to BRCA1/2 mutations
Authors: Park Woong Ki , Chung Soo Yeon , Jung You Jin , Ha Changhee , Kim Jong-Won , Nam Seok Jin , Kim Seok Won , Yu Jonghan , Chae Byung Joo , Lee Jeong Eon , Kim Sung-Won , Ryu Jai Min ,   Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer Study Group
Published: April 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients are more likely to have BRCA1/2 mutations, with a prevalence rate of about 10–20%. Although several studies have analyzed the oncologic outcomes between BRCA1/2 carriers and non-carriers, the impact on breast cancer patients is still unclear. A retrospective review was performed to determine the long-term outcomes of TNBC patients, focusing on the impact of BRCA1/2 mutations. A total of 953 TNBC patients who underwent primary breast cancer surgery from June 2008 to January 2016 were included. We examined long-term outcomes, including contralateral breast cancer (CBC) incidence, recurrence patterns, and survival rates over a median follow-up of 80.9 months (range 3–152 months). 122 patients (12.8%) had BRCA1/2 mutations. BRCA1/2 mutation carriers were significantly younger at diagnosis and more likely to have a family history of breast/ovarian cancer. CBC incidence at 60, 120, and 150 months was significantly higher in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers compared to non-carriers (P = 0.0250, 0.0063, and 0.0184, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in disease-free survival, overall survival, breast cancer-specific survival, or distant-metastasis-free survival between the two groups. BRCA1/2 mutation status was a significant risk factor for CBC (HR = 6.242, P < 0.0001). Interestingly, among 29 patients with CBC recurrence, 24 patients (82.8%) had recurring TNBC subtype and among the CBC recurrence patients, 19 patients (65.5%) resumed chemotherapy. In the TNBC subtype, appropriate genetic testing and counseling are pivotal for surgical decisions like risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM). Furthermore, long-term surveillance is warranted, especially in BRCA1/2 carriers who did not receive RRM.
Superlattice assembly strategy of small noble metal nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Yao Chang , Yan Wuwen , Dong Ronglu , Dou Shaobin , Yang Liangbao
Published: April 2024

The self-assembly of noble metal nanoparticles into periodic structures has been a theme of great interest for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and use in functional devices. However, small nanoparticle self-assembly faces numerous challenges in tunability, referring to controlling their structural properties like structure, gaps, and arrangement. These issues highlight the need for further research and development to enhance the tunability and stability of self-assembled small nanoparticles. Here, we report a general centimeter-scale superlattice assembly strategy for noble metal nanoparticles less than 15 nm in size. Not only is this monolayer superlattice assembly generally applicable to different kinds and sizes of noble metal nanoparticles, but also, the crystal plane spacing can also be quickly and conveniently controlled by changing the ethanol concentration. SERS results reveal that optimized superlattice membranes of noble metal nanoparticles possess high detection sensitivity and ordered hot spots. Therefore, our strategy offers prospects for high-performance SERS substrates based on small noble metal nanoparticle superlattices.
Generative AI tools can enhance climate literacy but must be checked for biases and inaccuracies
Authors: Atkins Carmen , Girgente Gina , Shirzaei Manoochehr , Kim Junghwan
Published: April 2024

In the face of climate change, climate literacy is becoming increasingly important. With wide access to generative AI tools, such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, we explore the potential of AI platforms for ordinary citizens asking climate literacy questions. Here, we focus on a global scale and collect responses from ChatGPT (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4) on climate change-related hazard prompts over multiple iterations by utilizing the OpenAI’s API and comparing the results with credible hazard risk indices. We find a general sense of agreement in comparisons and consistency in ChatGPT over the iterations. GPT-4 displayed fewer errors than GPT-3.5. Generative AI tools may be used in climate literacy, a timely topic of importance, but must be scrutinized for potential biases and inaccuracies moving forward and considered in a social context. Future work should identify and disseminate best practices for optimal use across various generative AI tools.
Recent advances in chemical biology tools for protein and RNA profiling of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Lim Woojeong , Lee Soyeon , Koh Minseob , Jo Ala , Park Jongmin
Published: April 2024

This review provides an overview of how chemical biology tools have been applied for efficient EV isolation, the increment of EV detection sensitivity, multiplexed analysis of EV protein, metabolic labeling of EVs, and drug occupancy of EV proteins.
Electronic properties and collision cross sections of AgOkHm± (k, m = 1–4) aerosol ionic clusters
Authors: Doust Mohammadi Mohsen , Bhowmick Somnath , Maisser Anne , Schmidt-Ott Andreas , Biskos George
Published: April 2024

In this work, we utilized accurate electronic structure theory to study the structure, stability, bonding, electronic properties, collision cross-section, and electrical mobilities of AgOkHm± clusters, where k and m range from 1 to 4.
Chemically engineered plasmonic Au–gallium oxide nanocomposites for harsh environment applications: an investigation into thermal and chemical robustness
Authors: Keerthana L. , Dharmalingam Gnanaprakash
Published: April 2024

The significance of the work is the ability to fabricate solution-based AGO composites with high thermal and chemical stabilities, enabling sensing at elevated temperatures of up to 800 °C.
High-entropy layered hydroxide for efficient and sustainable seawater oxidation
Authors: Pal Santanu , Khatun Sakila , Roy Poulomi
Published: April 2024

High-entropy NiCrCoFeMo layered hydroxide has been identified as a potential electrocatalyst for sustainable seawater oxidation with high activity and great corrosion resistance ability.
Advancements in amyloid-based biological materials for healthcare, environmental and sensing applications
Authors: Yadav Smriti Singh , Padhy Prabeen Kumar , Singh Ashish Kumar , Sharma Supriya , Tanu  , Fatima Siraj , Sinha Anurag , Tariq Ramsha , Varsha  , Sharma Sandeep K. , Priya Smriti
Published: April 2024

The review discusses advancements in amyloid fibril-based materials and their applications in healthcare, sensing, and the environment. These biomaterials are sustainable and greener alternatives to conventional synthetic materials.
Non-covalent planarizing interactions yield highly ordered and thermotropic liquid crystalline conjugated polymers
Authors: Sabury Sina , Xu Zhuang , Saiev Shamil , Davies Daniel , Österholm Anna M. , Rinehart Joshua M. , Mirhosseini Motahhare , Tong Benedict , Kim Sanggyun , Correa-Baena Juan-Pablo , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Jurchescu Oana D. , Brédas Jean-Luc , Diao Ying , Reynolds John R.
Published: April 2024

Achieving liquid crystallinity and long-range order through conformational locking.
Giant supermagnonic Bloch point velocities in cylindrical ferromagnetic nanowires
Authors: Tejo Felipe , Fernandez-Roldan Jose Angel , Guslienko Konstantin Y. , Otxoa Rubén M. , Chubykalo-Fesenko Oksana
Published: April 2024

The jet propulsion effect during the propagation of the Bloch point domain wall in cylindrical magnetic nanowire. The conical domain wall expels backwards new Bloch points and accelerates.
Light concentration and electron transfer in plasmonic–photonic Ag,Au modified Mo-BiVO4 inverse opal photoelectrocatalysts
Authors: Pylarinou Martha , Sakellis Elias , Tsipas Polychronis , Gardelis Spiros , Psycharis Vassilis , Dimoulas Athanasios , Stergiopoulos Thomas , Likodimos Vlassis
Published: April 2024

Synergy of plasmonic–photonic effects in Ag,Au modified Mo-BiVO4 inverse opal photoelectrocatalysts enhance recalcitrant pharmaceutical degradation.
Supramolecular interaction in the action of drug delivery systems
Authors: Geng Wen-Chao , Jiang Ze-Tao , Chen Shi-Lin , Guo Dong-Sheng
Published: April 2024

This perspective provides a brief analysis of the involved supramolecular interactions in the action of drug delivery, including biocompatibility, drug loading, stability, spatiotemporal distribution, and controlled release.
The critical role of water molecules in the development of aqueous electrolytes for rechargeable metal-ion batteries
Authors: Xu Tong , Yu Jiaojiao , Ma Junchao , Ren Wei , Hu Mingliang , Li Xifei
Published: April 2024

This review covers advanced AMIB electrolyte technology: from dilute to high concentrations, room temperature to extreme temperatures, and liquid to quasi-solid states, discusses current research directions and emphasizes the key role of water molecules.
Chiral hydrogels facilitate rapid diabetic wound healing by promoting macrophage M2 polarization and cellular proliferation
Authors: Hu Yi-Ping , Xiao Kui , Si Ma-Chao , Wang Cai-Xia , Miao Yong , Hu Zhi-Qi
Published: April 2024

The left-handed helical nanofibers of L-Fmoc-NV can significantly affect the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, which facilitates diabetic wound healing.
Eosin, blue LEDs and DIPEA are employed in a simple synthesis of (poly)cyclic O,O- and N,O-acetals
Authors: Papadopoulos Ioannis , Bosveli Artemis , Montagnon Tamsyn , Zachilas Ioannis , Kalaitzakis Dimitris , Vassilikogiannakis Georgios
Published: April 2024

A simple photocatalytic procedure for the synthesis of (poly)cyclic O,O- and N,O-acetals from various enol ethers, N-acyl enamines or Boc-protected enamines has been developed.
Width effects on bilayer graphene nanoribbon polarons
Authors: Logrado André Lima , Cassiano Tiago de Sousa Araújo , da Cunha Wiliam Ferreira , Gargano Ricardo , e Silva Geraldo Magela , de Oliveira Neto Pedro Henrique
Published: April 2024

The work reports the width effects on the formation of interlayer polarons on graphene nanoribbon bilayers. Their properties greatly depend on the width extension. The 3p and 3p + 1 family grouping is recovered for the polaron states.
Theoretical investigation on isomerization and decomposition reactions of pentanol radicals–part II: linear pentanol isomers
Authors: Liang Yueying , Zhu Yuxiang , Chen Jintao , Lu Xingcai , Zhou Chong-Wen
Published: April 2024

High-level ab initio calculations are conducted for studying the kinetics of three linear pentanol radicals generated through H-atom abstraction reactions.
Accelerated screening of gas diffusion electrodes for carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Jones Ryan J. R. , Lai Yungchieh , Guevarra Dan , Kan Kevin , Haber Joel A. , Gregoire John M.
Published: April 2024

Electrochemical reactors based on gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) enable high current densities for reactions such as CO2 reduction. AutoGDE is a platform for automating GDE experiments to accelerate catalyst discovery and reaction engineering.
NiCoP@CoNi-LDH/SSM as a multifunctional catalyst for high-efficiency water splitting and ultra-long-life rechargeable zinc-air batteries
Authors: Jian Juan , Wang Zhuo , Qiao Yu , Gao Shuang , Wang Meiting , Chang Limin , Wang Hairui , Nie Ping
Published: April 2024

NiCoP@CoNi-LDH/SSM, achieved by an in situ phosphating approach, showed enhanced inherent electrocatalytic properties for efficient self-powered water splitting.
Mechanochemical effect on the electrochemical properties of a Na3(VO)2(PO4)2F positive electrode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Morais William G. , Melo Eduardo C , Torresi Roberto M.
Published: April 2024

We employed a solvent-free mechanochemical post-treatment on a fluorophosphate electrode for sodium-ion batteries. Electrochemical analysis showed enhanced kinetic properties and improved ionic mobility while maintaining crystal structure.
NIR and magnetism dual-response multi-core magnetic vortex nanoflowers for boosting magneto-photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Shen Kaiming , Li Lixian , Tan Funan , Ang Calvin Ching lan , Jin Tianli , Xue Zongguo , Wu Shuo , Chee Mun Yin , Yan Yunfei , Lew Wen Siang
Published: April 2024

In order to improve magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal efficiency, magnetic nanoflowers with ellipsoidal magnetic cores with magnetic vortex configuration were synthesized to enhance hyperthermia efficacy.
Propagation rate coefficients of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate radical polymerization in bulk, alcohols and alcohol/water solutions determined by PLP-SEC
Authors: Ajogbeje Opeyemi J. , Lacík Igor , Hutchinson Robin A.
Published: April 2024

The pulsed laser polymerization – size exclusion chromatography technique is used to investigate the radical polymerization propagation kinetics of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate in n-butanol and ethanol (EtOH), as well as EtOH/water mixtures.
Adjustable composition of self-supported amorphous Ni–Fe–P nanosheet decorated NiP microspheres for efficient and stable overall alkaline freshwater/seawater splitting
Authors: Lu Shi-Yu , Wang Ling , Wu Chunjie , Zhang Jun , Dou Wenzhao , Hu Tingting , Wang Rong , Liu Yin , Yang Qian , Jin Meng
Published: April 2024

Self-supported amorphous Ni–Fe–P nanosheet decorated NiP microspheres for efficient and stable overall alkaline freshwater/seawater splitting.
One-pot and metal-free synthesis of atropisomeric carbazolyl-indoles by a facile [4 + 2]-benzannulation in ethanol and investigation of their photoluminescence property
Authors: Liu Shuai-Jiang , Liu Xiao-Chen , Wen Sheng-Nan , Han Bo , Huang Wei , Zhao Qian
Published: April 2024

In this article, a series of atropisomeric carbazolyl-indoles were synthesized through a one-pot, green method, and their photoluminescence properties were investigated.
Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of allylic sulfones for synthesis of chiral β-ester sulfones
Authors: Wu Xiaoxue , Guo Qianling , Zi Guofu , Huang Yuping , Hou Guohua
Published: April 2024

The highly enantioselective hydrogenation of allylic sulfones catalyzed by Rh-(R,R)-f-spiroPhos for synthesis of chiral β-ester sulfones has been developed for the first time achieving high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (92–99.9% ee).
Visible light-induced sulfonylation with sulfinates as closed-shell radical acceptors
Authors: Hu Dongyan , Shen Lei , Chaw Su Su Htwe , Liang Kangjiang , Xia Chengfeng
Published: April 2024

Sulfinates as close-shell radical acceptors instead of radical precursors for redox-neutral photochemical sulfonylation.
Enhancing corrosion resistance of mild steel in hydrochloric acid with Chiquita banana sap extract
Authors: Pham Van Nhon , Hoang Ngoc Cam Tu , Manh Tran Dinh , Dung Le Thuy , Hoai Vu Nguyen Si , Prabhakar Vattikuti S. V. , Panaitescu Casen , Pham Trung T. , Nguyen Dang Nam
Published: April 2024

The corrosion of metals is still a huge challenge for various industries, and the pursuit of effective treatments ensures environmental sustainability.
A review on MOFs synthesis and effect of their structural characteristics for hydrogen adsorption
Authors: Letwaba John , Uyor Uwa Orji , Mavhungu Mapula Lucey , Achuka Nwoke Oji , Popoola Patricia Abimbola
Published: April 2024

Climate change is causing a rise in the need to transition from fossil fuels to renewable and clean energy such as hydrogen as a sustainable energy source.
Upcycling of sugar refining mud solid waste as a novel adsorbent for removing methylene blue and Congo red from wastewater
Authors: Reda Aly Aly , El-Demerdash Abdel-Ghafar , Sadik Wagih , El Rafy Essam , Shoeib Tamer
Published: April 2024

The feasibility of utilizing the mud solid waste produced during sugar refining as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for the removal of methylene blue and Congo red from wastewater is presented.
An easy and simple method for the immobilization of dyes through click reactions: activated alkyne, copper not needed
Authors: Sánchez-Bodón Julia , García-García Ane , Diaz-Galbarriatu Maria , Vilas-Vilela José Luis , Moreno-Benítez Isabel
Published: April 2024

The copper-free azide–alkyne click reaction has shown to be a successful alternative to immobilize covalently a fluorescente compound onto poly(-l-lactic) acid (PLLA) surfaces.
Cell-active small molecule inhibitors validate the SNM1A DNA repair nuclease as a cancer target
Authors: Bielinski Marcin , Henderson Lucy R. , Yosaatmadja Yuliana , Swift Lonnie P. , Baddock Hannah T. , Bowen Matthew J. , Brem Jürgen , Jones Philip S. , McElroy Stuart P. , Morrison Angus , Speake Michael , van Boeckel Stan , van Doornmalen Els , van Groningen Jan , van den Hurk Helma , Gileadi Opher , Newman Joseph A. , McHugh Peter J. , Schofield Christopher J.
Published: April 2024

SNM1 metallo-β-lactamase fold nucleases (human SNM1A–C) play roles in DNA damage repair and telomere maintenance. Screening and SAR studies lead to selective small molecules validating SNM1A as a cancer target.
Macrophage-engaging peptidic bispecific antibodies (pBsAbs) for immunotherapy via a facile bioconjugation strategy
Authors: Shao Chihao , Tang Bo , Chu Jacky C. H. , Lau Kwai Man , Wong Wai-Ting , Che Chi-Ming , Tai William C. S. , Wong Wing-Tak , Wong Clarence T. T.
Published: April 2024

A novel peptidic bispecific antibody (pBsAb) is developed by integrating EGFR-binding cyclic peptide with an anti-SIRP-α antibody, promotes cancer cells recognition, suppresses "don't eat me" signal, and enhances phagocytosis and tumour infiltration.
Elucidating substrate binding in the light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase
Authors: Pesara Penelope , Szafran Katarzyna , Nguyen Henry C. , Sirohiwal Abhishek , Pantazis Dimitrios A. , Gabruk Michal
Published: April 2024

Two protochlorophyllide binding modes to the light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase were considered: mode B exhibits more thermodynamically favorable binding.
Electronically and geometrically complementary perylenediimides for kinetically controlled supramolecular copolymers
Authors: Schwalb Alfonso J. , García Fátima , Sánchez Luis
Published: April 2024

The kinetically controlled supramolecular copolymerization of geometrically and electronically complementary perylenediimides is reported. The seeding process accelerates the copolymerization.
The borylamino-diborata-allyl anion
Authors: Shere Henry T. W. , Liu Han-Ying , Neale Samuel E. , Hill Michael S. , Mahon Mary F. , McMullin Claire L.
Published: April 2024

Reactions of alkaline earth alkyldiboranate and triboranate derivatives with organic isonitriles provides access to unprecedented diborata-allyl anions.
Recent progress on the thermoelectric effect for electrochemistry
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Jiang Jing , He Xinrui , Wang Chao , Niu Yi
Published: April 2024

Advances in the mechanisms by which thermoelectric effects influence the performance of electrochemical-based energy conversion and storage devices.
Ce–Mn bimetallic oxide-doped SPEEK/SPPO blend composite membranes to induce high oxidative tolerance and proton conductivity for hydrogen fuel cells
Authors: Hossain Sk Miraz , Patnaik Pratyush , Sarkar Suman , Sharma Ritika , Chatterjee Uma
Published: April 2024

Utilizing CeMnOx bimetallic oxide as fillers in SPEEK/SPPO blend polymer backbone demonstrated outstanding oxidative stability and improved performance in PEMFCs.
Autonomous self-healing and highly stretchable polymer maltose polyborosiloxane for improving soft electronics and soft robots
Authors: Kuo Ching-Te , Lin Yu-Chia , Tu Kuan-Yu , Hu Lung-Hao
Published: April 2024

This study showcases PM PBS's remarkable blend of stretchability, swift self-healing, and multifunctionality, making it a promising choice for various applications in soft robotics, wearable technology, and more.
Constructing metal telluride-grafted MXene as electron “donor–acceptor” heterostructure for accelerating redox kinetics of high-efficiency Li–S batteries
Authors: Li Tianli , Liu Yizhou , Wang Jian , Hao Hua , Yu Zhiyong , Liu Hanxing
Published: April 2024

An electron modulation strategy of “donor–acceptor” is constructed by uniformly grafting NiTe2 onto MXene, serving as a catalyst for shuttling blockers.
Immobilization of metal active centers in reticular framework materials for photocatalytic energy conversion
Authors: Wang Shuo , Guo Wei , Li Chao , Weng Bo , Liu Shuai , Han Ning , Long Jinlin , Zhang Honglei
Published: April 2024

To enhance the economy and society's sustainability, prioritizing innovative, green energy conversion methods is essential.
Achieving ultra-high heat resistance of novel energetic materials through a hydrogen bonding and extended π-conjugation strategy
Authors: Jiang Xiue , Yin Dangyue , Song Siwei , Wang Yi , Fan Mingren , Wang Ruihui , Zhang Qinghua
Published: April 2024

Two high-performance heat-resistant energetic materials were developed via a synergistic strategy of designing hydrogen bonding networks and expanding the π-conjugation system.
Tuning chiral morphology of gold nanoparticles with reversed chiral signals by adjusting the reaction temperature of the seed-mediated growth process
Authors: Liu Qingyuan , Zhang Miao , Xu Chunli , Li Baoxin
Published: April 2024

Reaction temperature was found to reverse the chiral modes of the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) prepared through the seed-mediated and chiral ligand-directed growth method.
Abnormal spectral broadening of ordered-structure near-infrared phosphor La2CaHfO6:Cr3+
Authors: Zhao Yulei , Wang Xudong , Wang Qihao , Zhou Tianliang , Chen Yousan , Xu Jianxing , Tang Xueyuan , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: April 2024

Near-infrared (NIR) phosphors play a key role in the preparation of NIR phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (NIR pc-LEDs) for night vision, sensing and non-destructive detection, but how to search for broadband NIR phosphors still remains a big challenge.
Machine-learning guided prediction of thermoelectric properties of topological insulator Bi2Te3−xSex
Authors: K. E. Vipin , Padhan Prahallad
Published: April 2024

The random forest model predicts the thermal conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and figure of merit of Bi2Te3−xSex alloys aligning closely with experimental and theoretical observations.
Thermally enhanced NIR up-conversion fluorescence multimode thermometry based on Y2Mo3O12:Nd3+,Yb3+
Authors: Zhang Yexuan , Jin Minkun , Chen Wang , Wu Ziyang , Li Zexun , Guo Chongfeng
Published: April 2024

A multimode high sensitivity fluorescence thermometer combining fluorescence thermal enhancement and FL thermal extension in one NTE material Y2Mo3O12:Nd3+,Yb3+.
MH‐HMR: Human mesh recovery from monocular images via multi‐hypothesis learning
Authors: Xuan Haibiao , Zhang Jinsong , Lai Yu‐Kun , Li Kun
Published: April 2024

Recovering 3D human meshes from monocular images is an inherently ill‐posed and challenging task due to depth ambiguity, joint occlusion, and truncation. However, most existing approaches do not model such uncertainties, typically yielding a single reconstruction for one input. In contrast, the ambiguity of the reconstruction is embraced and the problem is considered as an inverse problem for which multiple feasible solutions exist. To address these issues, the authors propose a multi‐hypothesis approach, multi‐hypothesis human mesh recovery (MH‐HMR), to efficiently model the multi‐hypothesis representation and build strong relationships among the hypothetical features. Specifically, the task is decomposed into three stages: (1) generating a reasonable set of initial recovery results (i.e., multiple hypotheses) given a single colour image; (2) modelling intra‐hypothesis refinement to enhance every single‐hypothesis feature; and (3) establishing inter‐hypothesis communication and regressing the final human meshes. Meanwhile, the authors take further advantage of multiple hypotheses and the recovery process to achieve human mesh recovery from multiple uncalibrated views. Compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods, the MH‐HMR approach achieves superior performance and recovers more accurate human meshes on challenging benchmark datasets, such as Human3.6M and 3DPW, while demonstrating the effectiveness across a variety of settings. The code will be publicly available at https://cic.tju.edu.cn/faculty/likun/projects/MH‐HMR.
Assessing the potential of TOPCon solar cells architecture using industrial n-type cast-mono silicon material
Authors: Bazer-Bachi Barbara , Saint-Cast Pierre , Posada Jorge , Williatte Samuel , Tessmann Christopher , Bodeux Romain , Mack Sebastian , Goaer Gilles
Published: April 2024

Cast-mono silicon material is interesting for its lower carbon footprint compared to Czochralski (Cz) monocrystalline silicon. However, solar cells fabricated using cast-mono (CM) silicon show lower performances. In this work, two routes to make cast-mono silicon advantageous over Cz silicon are considered. The first route is to further reduce carbon footprint of cast-mono silicon, by using Upgraded Metallurgical Grade silicon (UMG-Si) feedstock instead of Solar Grade silicon (SoG-Si) feedstock. TOPCon solar cells are fabricated using both feedstocks, and cast-mono growth technology, using industrial-type furnaces. Laboratory studies show that UMG-Si can result in efficiencies higher than solar cells made of SoG-Si when feeding the material to a CM crystallization process. But when compared to Cz, CM-UMG-Si TOPCon solar cells conversion efficiency values are still 0.5%abs lower. The second route is to take advantage of the TOPCon passivation layer (e.g., poly-Si) ability to getter metallic impurities, and thus improve the quality of cast-mono material. Several TOPCon sequences are tested and their effect on the carrier recombination properties of the device are studied. In the end, solar cells are fabricated and again, UMG-Si solar cells show better results than SoG-Si solar cells, with efficiency up to 22.65%, independently confirmed.
Current Topics from the Revised German S2k Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Linnemann Birgit , Klamroth Robert
Published: April 2024

It is an honor and a great pleasure for us to be guest editors for this special issue of Hämostaseologie – Progress in Haemostasis, which addresses important issues surrounding the complex of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In February 2023, the revised guideline on “Diagnostics and Therapy of Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism” has been published on the website of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF)1. This guideline was drawn up under the leadership of the German Society of Angiology (DGA), and representatives of 17 scientific societies contributed to its content. As an S2k guideline, its recommendations are consensus based and are the result of a systematic review and evaluation of current evidence and consideration of the benefits and harms of diagnostic and therapeutic options. In this special issue, guideline authors provide a comprehensive overview of selected guideline topics which might be of clinical relevance to our readers and our community of haemostaseologists.
Progress on the Synthesis and Applications of Aminals: Scaffolds for Molecular Diversity
Authors: Rippel Rafael , Ferreira Luísa M. , Branco Paula S.
Published: April 2024

Aminals, characterized by a central carbon linking two nitrogen atoms, are versatile building blocks in modern chemistry. This review addresses a literature gap by exploring the synthesis and applications of aminals, with a focus on drug discovery and molecular diversity. Beyond medicinal chemistry, aminals find applications as key components in bioactive compounds and as versatile tools in materials chemistry. The review covers fundamental characteristics, synthetic methodologies, stability, and applications, emphasizing alternative synthetic methods to the well-established aldehyde–amine condensation. This inclusive exploration provides insights into diverse synthetic pathways that expand the versatility of the aminal scaffold.

1 Introduction

2 The Aminal Group

3 Aminal Synthesis

3.1 Metal-Free Approaches

3.2 Metal-Catalyzed Approaches

3.3 Photoredox Methodologies

3.4 Via Rearrangements

3.5 Via Decarboxylative Coupling

4 Aminals as Synthetic Tools

5 Synthesis of Aminal-Containing Natural Products

6 Aminal-Based Materials

7 Conclusions
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Mimicking a Meningeal Lesion with Temporal Bone and Muscle Compromise in an Adult Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Durán-Ojeda Alejandro , Arce Jefferson , Campos-Fajardo Santiago , Jacomussi-Alzate Lorena , Rincón-Carreño Cristhian
Published: April 2024

Introduction Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative systemic disease characterized by the growth of abnormal dendritic cells and wide-ranging organ involvement. This condition can affect individuals of all ages, but most commonly children, with a peak incidence in toddlers. Symptoms may vary depending on the affected organ or system.

Case Report A 43-year-old man presented with a left temporal stabbing headache unresponsive to management with therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Initial evaluation revealed a contrast-enhanced left temporal extra-axial lesion with bone and muscle compromise. Differential diagnoses, including multiple myeloma, were explored. Initial laboratory tests and imaging studies showed no other abnormalities, except for splenomegaly and a residual granuloma in the left lung. En bloc resection of the lesion was recommended. The patient underwent surgical intervention, which included resection of the dural lesion and all borders of an infiltrating tumor within the temporalis muscle and the affected portion of the left temporal bone. Posterior pathological examination revealed LCH. Postoperative course was uneventful. Follow-up appointments were scheduled after pathology results confirmed the diagnosis. Patient has continued follow-up for the following 3 months after the surgical procedure. Further evaluations are pending.

Discussion This case report corresponds to a patient with LCH. These patients are individualized and stratified based on local or systemic involvement to determine the most appropriate type of management. This is a rare case as LCH is rare in older patients and the initial presented lesion initially mimicked a meningioma; however, its atypical behavior and associated lytic compromise led to consideration of possible differential diagnoses.

Conclusion LCH can present with lytic bone lesions, mimicking other conditions, including infiltrative neoplastic lesions. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management are essential for optimal patient outcomes. Long-term follow-up is crucial to monitor disease progression and response to treatment.
Blade aerodynamic model for thick airfoils of the series NACA00xx in pre-stall conditions
Authors: Truong Khiem Van
Published: April 2024

Blade aerodynamic modeling is needed for design, control, and aeroelastic studies of wind turbines. The ultimate aim of this study is to establish a blade aerodynamic model with well-quantified accuracy for thick airfoils, predominant in wind turbine blades. The study is limited to pre-stall conditions, involving only attached and trailing-edge separated flows. The account of dynamic stall will be considered in further studies. The analysis of the Glasgow University database on the family of symmetrical airfoils NACA 00xx (xx = 12,…,30) has been made by considering particularly the 2D spatiotemporal contours of the surface pressure coefficients on the suction side. Such contours provide a clear visualization of flow regime type (attached, separated or stalled) and, therefore, allow the selection of oscillatory test cases in attached or trailing-edge separated flows. The aerodynamic model of the normal force coefficient is established by improving the Beddoes–Leishman BL model. An important modification is carried on the calculation of the delayed angle of attack using the Goman–Khrabrov model, instead of the complex original procedure. There is a new aerodynamic component for simulating the trailing-edge separation. The present model, although limited to pre-stall conditions, involves ten parameters for the unsteady aerodynamic behavior. They can be obtained with the global optimization of the deviations between experimental results and model predictions. Previous optimization studies of the parameters of the BL model involve all flow regimes for test cases and do not lead to conclusive results. The parameter values obtained in the present study show a coherent and physics-expected variation with airfoil thickness that is not negligible.
Spatial modeling sensitivity analysis: Copula selection for wind speed dependence
Authors: Shahirinia Amir , Farahmandfar Zeinab , Bina M. Tavakoli , Henderson Saul B. , Ashtary Mohammad
Published: April 2024

As the adoption of wind energy as a key renewable energy source accelerates, precise power flow analysis becomes crucial for accurate power delivery forecasting. This paper addresses the inherent uncertainties in wind speed data at different wind farm locations by conducting a sensitivity analysis to assess wind farm pairs. The analysis accommodates various data sizes, namely, short, medium, and large, and diverse spatial relationships between wind farms. By leveraging National Renewable Energy Laboratory wind speed data from nine distinct wind farms, the dependence structure between wind farm pairs is modeled using copulas. This modeling takes both the wind speed knowledge level and the various spatial interplays among the wind farm pairs into consideration. The findings indicate an inverse proportionality between the strength of dependence and the distance separating the wind farm pairs.
A compact six-axis force/torque sensor using photocouplers for impact robustness
Authors: Kim Hyun-Bin , Choi Keun-Ha , Kim Kyung-Soo
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a novel six-axis force/torque (F/T) sensor design for robotics, combining ease of manufacturing with compactness. It features a high measuring range of ∼3700 N, an exceptional resolution of 0.1 N, and a rapid 5 kHz sampling rate. The sensor’s design, focusing on durability and a wider sensing range, utilizes noncontact sensors and a streamlined structure. A novel force sensing scheme aligns sensing elements in-plane on a single printed circuit board, reducing the part count to four and the weight to under 80 g, while integrating an analog-to-digital converter to eliminate the need for external communication devices. The lightweight, efficient prototype demonstrates a superior performance and a high response frequency, validated against a reference F/T sensor.
Investigation of the directional Faraday cup and improvement of the comparison between direct and indirect thrust measurements of a magnetic nozzle ECR thruster
Authors: Pioch Romain , Désangles Victor , Chabert Pascal
Published: April 2024

The thrust of an electric propulsion device estimated from electrostatic probe measurements may be different from direct thrust measurements. In order to reduce this discrepancy for electron cyclotron resonance thrusters (ECRT), a new diagnostic is presented: the directional Faraday cup (FCDi). Thanks to a peculiar design, it assesses the angular distribution of ion current density in the plume of plasma thrusters. First, a theoretical model of the angular selectivity of the FCDi is introduced. It is validated with both simulations and experiments. Guidelines are given to use the FCDi in the plume of ECRT. Second, the observed discrepancies between direct thrust measurements made on a thrust stand and indirect ones are reduced when using the FCDi instead of a planar Faraday probe with a guard ring (FPGR). Relative errors come down to 10% with the FCDi, which are compared to 20%–30% observed with the FPGR. An analysis demonstrates that it is not due to the effect of local ion trajectories but comes from the magnitude of the ion current measured. A large sheath in front of the negatively biased FPGR seems to be the cause of this phenomenon. The grounded opening of the FCDi reduces this phenomenon and improves the ion flux measurement accuracy. This new probe, with angular selectivity characteristics, allows for the comparison of the ion flux ejection direction with the magnetic field line and contributes to a better description of ion population dynamic in the magnetic nozzle of the thruster.
Spinning spoof surface plasmons and their topological responses
Authors: Tsai Ya-Wen , Wang Yao-Ting , Yen Ta-Jen
Published: April 2024

Spoof surface plasmons (SSPs) mimic characteristics of optical surface plasmons in microwave and terahertz frequencies. Manipulating SSPs has attracted widespread attention for extending plasmon applications into the low-frequency range. In this Letter, we show that spinning SSPs can be excited on a twisted groove (TG) metallic cylinder by oblique incident waves. The incident angle of waves and the twist angle of the grooves play essential roles in manipulating the propagation orientation and the rotation direction of spinning SSPs (SSSPs). Finally, we discuss an application of the SSSPs in topological photonic systems. By periodically arranging the TG cylinders, we show that this spinning feature will lead to topologically non-trivial bands in such a photonic crystal, where the topologically protected edge modes arise near the boundary.
Three-phase equilibria of hydrates from computer simulation. I. Finite-size effects in the methane hydrate
Authors: Blazquez S. , Algaba J. , Míguez J. M. , Vega C. , Blas F. J. , Conde M. M.
Published: April 2024

Clathrate hydrates are vital in energy research and environmental applications. Understanding their stability is crucial for harnessing their potential. In this work, we employ direct coexistence simulations to study finite-size effects in the determination of the three-phase equilibrium temperature (T3) for methane hydrates. Two popular water models, TIP4P/Ice and TIP4P/2005, are employed, exploring various system sizes by varying the number of molecules in the hydrate, liquid, and gas phases. The results reveal that finite-size effects play a crucial role in determining T3. The study includes nine configurations with varying system sizes, demonstrating that smaller systems, particularly those leading to stoichiometric conditions and bubble formation, may yield inaccurate T3 values. The emergence of methane bubbles within the liquid phase, observed in smaller configurations, significantly influences the behavior of the system and can lead to erroneous temperature estimations. Our findings reveal finite-size effects on the calculation of T3 by direct coexistence simulations and clarify the system size convergence for both models, shedding light on discrepancies found in the literature. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the phase equilibrium of gas hydrates and offer valuable information for future research in this field.
Geometry-induced Bloch point domain wall in Permalloy conical frustum nanowires for advanced spintronics applications
Authors: Broens Martín I. , Saavedra Eduardo , Bajales Noelia , Laroze David , Escrig Juan
Published: April 2024

In this study, we investigate the pseudo-static magnetic properties of Permalloy conical frustum nanowires using micromagnetic simulations. We thoroughly examine how both the major and minor radii influence the magnetic reversal mechanism when an external magnetic field is applied parallel to the nanowire axis. The obtained results show that under specific geometrical conditions, magnetization reverts though a Bloch point-type domain wall. In these cases, hysteresis curves exhibit two Barkhausen jumps during magnetization reversal, forming a plateau field range in which a Bloch point domain wall nucleates and propagates until its annihilation after the second Barkhausen jump. The nucleation of a Bloch point domain wall in a frustum conical nanowire geometry is reported. These findings highlight the significance of this geometry in nucleating these attractive topological defects for promising applications.
Ultrafast photochemistry and electron-diffraction spectra in n → (3s) Rydberg excited cyclobutanone resolved at the multireference perturbative level
Authors: Jaiswal V. K. , Montorsi F. , Aleotti F. , Segatta F. , Keefer Daniel , Mukamel Shaul , Nenov A. , Conti I. , Garavelli M.
Published: April 2024

We study the ultrafast time evolution of cyclobutanone excited to the singlet n → Rydberg state through non-adiabatic surface-hopping simulationsperformed at extended multi-state complete active space second-order perturbation (XMS-CASPT2) level of theory. These dynamics predict relaxation to the ground-state with a timescale of 822 ± 45 fs with minimal involvement of the triplets. The major relaxation path to the ground-state involves a three-state degeneracy region and leads to a variety of fragmented photoproducts. We simulate the resulting time-resolved electron-diffraction spectra, which track the relaxation of the excited state and the formation of various photoproducts in the ground state.