bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The contribution of Grozny oil educational institutions to the formation of an engineering and technical stratum in the structure of Chechen society (1920-1930s)
Authors:   N.N. Miklouho-Maclay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Muslim M. Murdalov , Lema A. Turpalov ,   Kh. Ibragimov Complex institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

The policy of indigenization in national regions initiated by the Bolshevik Party in the 1920s and 1930s assumed, along with the creation of written languages, the transfer of schools and office work to native languages, the formation of a social stratum of the proletariat and engineering and technical workers from among the indigenous inhabitants. This problem was especially acute in Chechnya, although a powerful oil industry complex had formed on its territory as early as the end of the 18th century. However, due to restrictions associated with the ongoing Caucasian War, the indigenous people did not have access to industries and enterprises. Another obstacle was the mass illiteracy of the highlanders, which deprived them of the opportunity to study in educational institutions in Russia. The policy of the tsarist administration also did not contribute to the spread of education in the region. The lag of the Chechens in the field of education manifested itself dur-ing the period of restoration of the national economy after the destructive revolutions and civil war. In particular, this applied to the Grozny oil industry, which was of great importance for the economy of the entire country. Meanwhile, the implementation of the recovery program was ham-pered by an acute shortage of qualified personnel: foreign specialists left the country, as did a sig-nificant portion of engineers and workers resettled from Russian provinces. The situation around training specialists from indigenous nationalities began to change only with the establishment of Soviet power. The Bolshevik program of indigenization assumed the formation of a layer of work-ers and engineering and technical workers in the national regions, who would become the support of Soviet power in the region. The system of oil educational institutions established in the 1920s made it possible in many respects to train specialists from among the indigenous nationalities, which helped to change the ethno-social structure of Grozny.
Foreign economic activity of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the second half of the 90s of the XX century
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Marina V. Zhanokova
Published: January 2025

Since the mid-90s of the twentieth century, the authorities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic have increased overseas economic activity as a means of overcoming the economic crisis. The positive results of the activities of the authorities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in this area were: the establishment of the Ministry of Foreign Relations of the Kabardino-Balkarian Repub-lic; the re-establishment of the Department of Foreign Economic Relations within it; the conclu-sion of interstate agreements with the Government of the Republic of Abkhazia, the Government of the Republic of Turkey and the Government of the Republic of Turkmenistan. Economic ties between the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and the Commonwealth of Independent States began to develop. The number of joint Russian-foreign companies registered in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic grew. Contracts were signed with large companies from Italy, Cyprus, Canada, France and China. Nevertheless, the success of joint ventures in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the second half of the 1990s turned out to be insignificant, which was due to the strict federal tax and credit policies that hampered the development of production activities, the fall of the ruble ex-change rate and the military conflict in Chechnya, which caused a significant decrease in the in-vestment attractiveness of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and the entire North Caucasus at the international level.
Bride kidnapping from the Ossetians in historical retro-perspective and modern transformations
Authors:   The North Ossetian Institute of humanitarian and social studies by. Abayev V. I. of the Federal state budgetary institution of science of the Federal scientific center Vladikavkaz scientific center of RAS, Tamara Т. Daueva
Published: January 2025

This article looks at the stealing of women among the Ossetian ethnic group. The study’s major sources were the results of the ethnographic expedition in 2022-2023 on the territory of North Os-setia, the author’s observation materials, and the findings of the 2015 expedition in Turkey among the Ossetian diaspora. Using an empirical research approach, the essay examines the remarks - reasons for the interview question: “Is the abduction of girls a national tradition of Ossetians?”. Undoubtedly, the issue is timely, owing to the prevalence of theft today. The study’s goal is to un-dertake a retrospective investigation of the reasons for theft using source material, as well as to evaluate how traditional culture, which has been perpetuated by the ethnos for ages, reacts to changes in the social soil. The comparison of the couple’s and their parents’ behavioral forms in the past and present during the abduction takes up a significant portion of the research. The con-clusion is formed that, today, theft is fictional, and that the reason for choosing such a form is not so much economic, but rather a result of family and household issues. The author believes that one of the most significant implications of the popularization of theft is the progressive loss of tradi-tional rites and rituals unique to Ossetians’ traditional wedding culture.
The Abazins in the XXI century: ethnographic aspects of religious practices
Authors:   Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Makka S.-G. Albogachieva
Published: January 2025

The article describes modern religious processes and related cultural and everyday practices of the Abazin people, who in their spiritual development went through three stages - pagan, Christian and Muslim. Each period brought its own cultural code to the spiritual culture of the Abazin, which remains in society throughout the period, and even the monotheistic religions that replaced it were not completely able to oust it from the life of the people.
A reference to the history of traditional beliefs and statements of world religions among the Abazins preceded the presentation of the material characterizing modern religious and everyday practices
Such information allows us to assess the dynamics of the relevant transformations and better understand the modern processes taking place in Abazin society, where ancient beliefs and Mus-lim norms coexist in a syncretic form. All this, taken together, causes tension in society, since the older generation, accustomed to living in this paradigm, is not ready to agree with the new, ortho-dox Islamic movements that have arisen in recent decades in Abazin society. This confrontation gradually leads to disunity in society and slowly but steadily continues the destruction process of national traditions that do not correspond to the norms of orthodox Islam. These are the disap-pointing predictions that the author comes to as a result of the study.
Spatiotemporal representations of Zeytun Tolgurov's prose (Part 1)
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academ of Sciences, Takhir Z. Tolgurov , Yuri M. Tkhagazitov ,   Institute of Humanitarian Researches – branch of Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Cen-ter of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fatima T. Uzdenova ,   Institute of Humanitarian Researches – branch of Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Cen-ter of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2025

The article (Part 1) examines one of the most pressing issues in modern literary criticism in the North Caucasus: the degree to which national literatures (in this case, Balkar) conform to the pa-rameters and typological features of newly written systems in their interaction with the larger con-text of Soviet literature. The main theoretical premise of the study is the presence in modern re-gional literatures of two autonomous lines of evolutionary development that meet the require-ments of the doctrine of socialist realism and the parameters of the authentic aesthetic conscious-ness of the peoples of the region. According to the authors of the work, Z.Kh. Tolgurova's work is a very illustrative example of the formation in the depths of ideologically determined literary thinking of individual, ethnically determined interpretations of the picture of the surrounding world, and this happens at the levels of subconscious reflection, in the sphere of spatiotemporal relationships. The work (in its first, presented part) proves that a sharp jump in the architectural complexity of the works of Z.Kh. Tolgurov, observed in his work of the late 60s - the first half of the 70s, is due to the writer’s appeal to folklore samples and does not depend on the donor influ-ence of Russian Soviet literature. This, in turn, radically changes the markers and institutional fea-tures of such conceptually significant concepts as “accelerated development” and “newly written literature”, which are, today, fundamental for literary studies of the peoples of the North Cauca-sus.
Poetics of abaza lyrics of the post-war time
Authors:   Karachay-Cherkess Institute of Humanitarian Studies named after H.H. Khapsirokov, Petr K. Chekalov
Published: January 2025

The article, based on extensive empirical material, examines the expressive elements of Abaza poetry of the late 1940s and 1950s. It presents in detail the functions of the epithets “tlash” (strong, powerful), “lashara” (bright), “tsri” (native), elements of color painting (“golden ray”, “white spring”, “blue May”), comparative phrases (“soul-like”, “eye-like”, correlation of various phenomena of Soviet reality with steel), tracings of Russian poetic formulas and phraseological units (“iron horse”, “steppe ship”, “guiding star”, “dove of peace”, “warmongers”), metaphors with ideological and political underpinnings, hyperbole as one of the main instruments of artistic re-creation of the world, the semantic image of the red banner, motives for building communism and the struggle for peace; Neologisms were identified (“arkъagIagIvchva” - those who make blossom; “nasyprkhardzhyyrta” – production of happiness; “amshpkhadzagIv” – calendar, “Aba-zashta” - Abazinia), examples of figurative parallelism, lexical ring, aesthetic functions of various interjections. All observations are supported by pertinent scientific comments and conclude with general conclusions.
To the typology of the Kuytsuk (Little Bald Man) image in the Adyg epic
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mukhamed F. Bukhurov
Published: January 2025

The article examines the image of Kuytsuk in the narrative (novelistic, magical, heroic tales, nart tales, historical and heroic epic) genres of Adyg folklore. Special attention is paid to identifying the signs that determine his social origin, personal qualities, and actions. Based on this, it is noted that this hero does not always have the same characteristic. When determining the typology of this character, the established scientific principle is used – by what means the hero achieves the goal. There are two types of image – Kuytsuk, who achieves a fabulous goal due to his physical strength, and Kuytsuk, who achieves the goal with cunning and intelligence. The study of the problem of establishing the characteristics of this image also occupied a significant place in the work depending on the folklore genre in which it is presented. As it appears from the material considered, despite all the similarity of the description of appearance, in different genres of Adyg folklore, the image of Kuytsuk has its own pronounced characteristic features. A fairy–tale char-acter can be a typical "low hero" - inconspicuous and even funny to others, but a hero, in fact. In other cases, it is a hero of a laughing or satirical plan. In the heroic epic, he is represented as a fig-ure symbolizing the logical conclusion of the genre, parodying the images of classic heroes-bogatyrs. The research is based on the opinions of Russian folklorists who were directly involved in the study of a typologically similar character in the folklore of other peoples.
Miraculous means of healing and revival in the magical fairy-tales of the Karachays and Bal-karians
Authors:   Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Farizat H. Gulieva
Published: January 2025

The presented article is devoted to the analysis of one of the broad groups of miraculous objective realities – means of healing and revitalization. The study was conducted on the material of Kara-chay-Balkarian magical fairy-tales (including magical-heroic ones), identified by the method of continuous sampling. The work also used descriptive, comparative, axiological and structural methods of analysis. It is noted, that this category can be conditionally divided into two large groups: medicinal agents and means of revitalization. In turn, the first group can be divided into means of curing diseases, restoring vision, restoring lost parts of the body, and healing wounds. This also includes means of getting rid of infertility, as well as promoting immaculate conception. The second group is not so numerous and in some cases is closely related to the wonderful objec-tive realities of the first group. It is also noted, that the means of revival in a number of points converge with the group, called «Guardians of the soul / guarantor of life». The analysis showed, that the considered category of miraculous object realities is quite extensive and is presented in detail in Karachay-Balkarian magical and magical-heroic fairy-tales and not only performs an in-formational and entertaining function, but also participates in the plotting and development of the action. It reflects the ancient pagan and magical views of the creator people, as well as their eter-nal desire for immortality and life without disease. It is concluded, that further systematization and study of wonderful objects will not only fill another gap in national fairy-tale studies, but will also help resolve many issues, related to the ethnic and linguistic picture of the world, the history of the development of the spiritual and material culture of the creator people. In addition, the re-sults of the study can be used in conducting comparative studies.
Functional and semantic characteristics of phraseological units with the bauur somatism in the Karachay-Balkar language
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Mariam A. Akhmatova , Aslanbiy M. Kuchmezov ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: January 2025

The article examines the features of the functional and semantic organization of phraseological units of the Karachay-Balkar language with the somatism bauur “liver”. The analysis of the phra-seological units of the phraseosemantic field under study, which contain the somatism bauur “liv-er”, in turn, allows us to conclude about the universality and national identity of the studied units. Phraseological units with a somatic component most accurately describe various aspects of human activity. The analysis of the linguistic material also makes it possible to conclude that integrity of meaning, imagery, emotionality, expressiveness, etc. characterizes somatic phraseological units. For the most part, verbal turns represent somatic phraseological units. It is revealed that phraseo-logical units with the bauur component in the Karachay-Balkar language are widely used to ex-press various emotional and expressive meanings. It is also established that bauur is a component of a significant number of somatic phraseological units that represent such universal categories as condition, character traits, attitude, perception, movement, behavior.
Linguistic and cultural interpretations: reflection of the concept of "Rus" in animated films in the representation of the peoples of the North Caucasus
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Karina A. Gongapsheva
Published: January 2025

Based on the animated series about the three heroes, which is a free presentation of famous epics, representatives of the North Caucasus youth interpret the most important sign of the Russian peo-ple's national mentality - Russianness - within the framework of the concept "Rus". The main se-mantic fields and dominant cognitive features characterizing the concept under study in the lin-guistic consciousness of North Caucasian ethnic groups were identified during receptive and asso-ciative experiments involving 95 students from Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov (Kabardins, Balkars, Chechens, Ingush, Avars, Kumyks, etc.). The analysis of fragments extracted from cartoons showed a vivid demonstration of the culture and way of life of the Russian people, confirming the ideas of Russia by the subjects. During the research, the core of the concept "Rus" and its peripheral zones were identified.
Bibliometric Analysis: Comprehensive Insights into Tools, Techniques, Applications, and Solutions for Research Excellence
Authors:   PG Department of Commerce, Magadh University, Bodh-gaya, Gaya, Bihar, India, Kumar Rahul
Published: January 2025

Bibliometric analysis has emerged as a vital methodology in understanding research landscapes through the application of statistical and quantitative techniques to academic literature. This study examines the evolution, significance, and application of bibliometric methods, highlighting their role in identifying influential authors, mapping collaboration networks, and uncovering emerging research trends. The analysis underscores the development of bibliometric tools, such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix, and their diverse capabilities in visualizing and analyzing large datasets. By comparing bibliometric analysis with traditional review methodologies like systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses, this work illustrates its efficiency in providing comprehensive insights into research domains while emphasizing its complementary role in a holistic research approach. Through the lens of key challenges and advancements in bibliometric tools and methodologies, this research highlights its indispensable role in shaping academic, policy, and institutional strategies in a data-driven era.
Fractal Substrate Theory: Emergence of Spacetime, Holography, Black Hole Entropy, and Complexity
Authors: Jariwala Zauh
Published: January 2025

We present a discrete, fractal-driven informational substrate that unifies the emergence of spacetime geometry, gauge symmetries, black hole entropy, holographic dualities, and integrated complexity. Our approach embeds self-similar local update rules within a four-dimensional lattice, enabling Lorentz invariance and holographic entanglement to arise without imposing geometry or gauge structures a priori. By analyzing this lattice through a renormalization group (RG) flow that respects fractal scaling, we demonstrate that black hole thermodynamics and integrated complexity measures, including Integrated Information Theory’s Phi, emerge naturally from the substrate’s causal structure. The theory’s limits reproduce Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) and causal set frameworks, illustrating how fractal principles may underpin diverse quantum-gravitational models. Additionally, Godelian undecidability arises from the universal computation capacity of our self-similar substrate, highlighting fundamental epistemic constraints at cosmic and cognitive scales. Our results suggest fractal emergence as a guiding principle for unifying quantum field theory, holography, black hole entropy, and complexity science.
Combining spatial clustering and spatial regression models to understand distributional inequities in access to urban green spaces
Authors: Adorno Bruno Vargas , Pereira Rafael Henrique Moraes , Amaral Silvana
Published: January 2025

Proximity to urban green spaces offers numerous benefits, sparking increased research and policy interest in equitable access for different population groups. While spatial analyses evaluate access to urban green space, previous studies overlook fine-grained spatial disparities, needed for targeted urban planning. Spatial clustering models (Local Indicators of Spatial Association – LISA) group values significantly higher and lower than the average in the geographic space. In turn, spatial regression (Geographically Wheigted Regression – GWR) reveals the strength and direction of the correlation between variables across space. Here, we investigate whether and how the combination of both types of models helps examine distributional green equity. We show how combining LISA and GWR gives a more nuanced understanding of distributional green equity. We apply this approach to Goiânia, Brazil, with an empirical analysis of access to three categories of green spaces: tree cover, herb-shrub, and public green spaces. Using open-source methods and tools, we examine variations in accessibility for black people, women, and people of different age, literacy, and income groups. We used a new accessibility metric accounting for the size/area of green spaces, walking times and competition for accessing green spaces. The analyses revealed access disparities by population group and green space category identifying specific regions in the city and population groups with consistently limited access to urban green spaces, guiding planners with refined information to prioritize green space interventions where they are most likely needed. This method enables targeted, equitable urban planning that fosters inclusive access to green spaces for diverse communities.
A Beta Mixture Model for Careless Respondent Detection in Visual Analogue Scale Data
Authors: Zhang Lijin , Domingue Benjamin , Vogelsmeier Leonie V. D. E. , Ulitzsch Esther
Published: January 2025

Visual Analogue Scales (VASs) are increasingly popular in psychological, social, andmedical research. However, VASs can also be more demanding for respondents, potentiallyleading to quicker disengagement and a higher risk of careless responding. Existing mixturemodeling approaches for careless response detection have so far only been available forLikert-type and unbounded continuous data but have not been tailored to VAS data. Thisstudy introduces and evaluates a model-based approach specifically designed to detect andaccount for careless respondents in VAS data. To this end, we integrate existingmeasurement models for VASs (Noel and Dauvier, 2007) with mixture item response theorymodels for identifying and modeling careless responding. Simulation results show that the proposed model effectively detects careless responding and recovers key parameters, and highlights the unsuitability of the existing mixture factor analysis model for VAS data. Weillustrate the model’s potential for identifying and accounting for careless responding usingreal data from both VASs and Likert scales. First, we show how the model can be used tocompare careless responding across different scale types, revealing a slightly higherproportion of careless respondents in VAS compared to Likert scale data. Second, wedemonstrate that item parameters from the proposed model, accounting for carelessresponding, exhibit improved psychometric properties compared to those from a modelthat ignores it. These findings underscore the model’s potential to enhance data quality byidentifying and addressing careless responding.
Wild Experiments? Restricting Narratives in Research on Alternative Food and Agriculture Networks
Authors: Maurer Moritz
Published: January 2025

This article reviews the body of research on alternative food and agriculture networks (AFNs). Consistent with previous reviews on the subject, it concludes that the assumed advantages of AFNs require more rigorous verification. However, this review goes further by arguing that the proclaimed experimental appeal of AFNs is not taken seriously enough. It identifies three narratives that overly constrain what AFN researchers consider to be valuable AFN experiments: Alienation-Reembedding, Corporatization-Democratization, and Technologization-Detechnologization. Weaknesses in these narratives highlight missed opportunities to enhance variance in AFN experiments, which could generate much-needed insights for advancing sustainable food production.
The Trail Making Test in Virtual Reality (TMT-VR): The Effects of Interaction Modes and Gaming Skills on Cognitive Performance of Young Adults
Authors: Giatzoglou Evgenia , Vorias Panagiotis , Kemm Ryan , Karayianni Irene , Nega Chrysanthi , Kourtesis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

Virtual Reality (VR) is increasingly used in neuropsychological assessments due to its ability to simulate real-world environments. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Trail Making Test in VR (TMT-VR) and investigate the effects of different interaction modes and gaming skills on cognitive performance. A total of 71 young female and male adults (aged 18–35) with high and low gaming skills participated in this study. Participants completed the TMT-VR using three interaction modes as follows: eye-tracking, head movement, and controller. Performance metrics included task completion time and accuracy. User experience, usability, and acceptability of TMT-VR were also examined. Results showed that both eye tracking and head movement modes significantly outperformed the controller in terms of task completion time and accuracy. No significant differences were found between eye tracking and head movement modes. Gaming skills did not significantly influence task performance using any interaction mode. The TMT-VR demonstrates high usability, acceptability, and user experience among participants. The findings suggest that VR-based assessments can effectively measure cognitive performance without being influenced by prior gaming skills, indicating potential applicability for diverse populations.
A Comprehensive Review of Multimodal XR Applications, Risks, and Ethical Challenges in the Metaverse
Authors: Kourtesis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

This scoping review examines the broad applications, risks, and ethical challenges associated with Extended Reality (XR) technologies, including Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR), within the context of Metaverse. XR is revolutionizing fields such as immersive learning in education, medical and professional training, neuropsychological assessment, therapeutic interventions, arts, entertainment, retail, e-commerce, remote work, sports, architecture, urban planning, and cultural heritage preservation. The integration of multimodal technologies—haptics, eye-, face-, and body tracking, and brain–computer interfaces—enhances user engagement and interactivity, playing a key role in shaping the immersive experiences in the Metaverse. However, XR’s expansion raises serious concerns, including data privacy risks, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, cybersickness, addiction, dissociation, harassment, bullying, and misinformation. These psychological, social, and security challenges are further complicated by intense advertising, manipulation of public opinion, and social inequality, which could disproportionately affect vulnerable individuals and social groups. This review emphasizes the urgent need for robust ethical frameworks and regulatory guidelines to address these risks while promoting equitable access, privacy, autonomy, and mental well-being. As XR technologies increasingly integrate with artificial intelligence, responsible governance is essential to ensure the safe and beneficial development of the Metaverse and the broader application of XR in enhancing human development.
Adaptability of Teacher's Quarters Using IBS in Malaysia
Authors: Zulkefle Ismail
Published: January 2025

The objective of this paper is to identify the Performance Index of Satisfaction (PIS) on adaptability of housing using Industrialized Building System (IBS) in Malaysia. Preliminary research identified that the attitude of the individual towards design standard and userâ€™s need depends on many varying factors such as physical area and psychological feeling of the internal spaces. The study focuses on the housing using IBS by identifying level of userâ€™s satisfaction and the conditions for adaptability to be applied into the house. Adaptability in architecture is defined as providing occupants with forms and means that facilitate a fit between their space needs and the constraints of their homes either before or after occupancy. The ability of modifications to suit new conditions or the design will allow for any additions to make building more flexible. This will ease for renovation and extension thats currently limited in housing using IBS. A case study was carried out at eleven Teacherâ€™s Quarters using IBS in Malaysia. The Performance Index of Satisfaction (PIS) is utilized in the analysis as a systematic manipulation of the factors and the variables of design. The findings confirmed the requirements and potential for physical adaptabilities in Teacherâ€™s Quarters. The conceptual model was revised based on userâ€™s satisfaction of internal spaces in the house. Transforming the architectural dictums from â€œform follows functionâ€ to â€œform accommodates changeâ€ by estimating the sociological impact of professional and practice attitudes and mindsets should be encouraged towards successful implementation of adaptable housing using IBS in Malaysia.
Sustainability of Malay Traditional Craft and Craftmanship as Cultural Heritage in Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruddin Zumahiran
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses the traditional craftsmanship that have been sustained in the making of traditional arts and crafts by local Malay craftsmen from the various places in the royal town of Kuala Kangsar, located in the state of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia. Series of interviews with the craftsmen and field observation were conducted and found that the Malay craftsmenâ€™s drive for preservation of traditional crafts and craftsmanship had paved the way for sustainability of the Malay cultural heritage in the region through continuity of craft industries with local and fresh inspiration. Cultural themes with visual aesthetic of local motifs are depicted on the pottery, embroidery, metal ware and woodwork craftsmanship which make up the essential part of the heritage. Creative tradition can be seen on these crafts through their craftsmanship style and design, materials and texture, the embellishment technique and construction. Examination on the traditional arts production by the craftsmen exemplifies their distinctive craftsmanship that was sustained as regional identity. It was found that the industry of pottery is the most profound works that dominate the local art and craft especially in the area known as Sayong. The pottery produced by them are inspired and derived from old traditional techniques and aesthetics which signify their strong preferences to maintain and preserve the art tradition from this region. Apparently, the physical and practical nomenclatures of the local crafts extracted from the past traditions are still intact that exemplifies their distinctive attributes and meanings as cultural heritage for Kuala Kangsar. The challenge for the present Malay craftsmen is to continue encouraging and sustaining their interests in the art and craft production while attempting to maintain its perception of authenticity and uniqueness among local residents and visitors to the region. There is a potentiality for further investigation on the tangible and intangible authenticity and technical uniqueness of the art and crafts through scientific documentation and experimental study. This is significant effort to ensure the sustainable development of the traditional arts and crafts in harmony and unity with local environment and its community.
The influence of demographic processes on the development of human capital in agriculture
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics», Moscow, Russia, Evsyukova Tamara G. , Safonov Nikita I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics», Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article considers the current state of demographics in rural areas and its impact on the development of human capital in Russian agriculture. The analysis of rural population decline was made and groups of regions were formed based on the share of rural population in the total population. The demographic situation is accompanied by natural decline and migration processes. The reduction in the number of jobs and the number of people employed in agricultural production is an important aspect in the formation of human capital in agriculture. This requires additional research into the state of labor force provision. The article presents the dynamics of the employment indicator in the agricultural sector for 2017-2022. Based on monitoring, the provision of agricultural organizations with managers and specialists is presented. The reasons for the low availability of agricultural production personnel have been identified. Measures to improve conditions in rural areas to attract specialists to rural areas are analyzed. Proposals for improving the state of demography and employment in agriculture in the context of human capital development are presented.
Multivariate analysis of human capital formation in agriculture as a factor in ensuring food security
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – VNIIESH, Youth Research Laboratory for the Integrated Development of Human Capital in Agriculture, Moscow, Russia, Trubin Alexander E.
Published: January 2025

One of the key factors for ensuring food security in modern conditions is the level and quality of human capital in agricultural production. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to conduct a multifactorial analysis that allows to identify the main factors contributing to the growth of human capital in agriculture. Human capital is the core in a complex system of factors affecting food security, forming the ability to produce food resources, access them and manage them rationally. Content analysis, statistical methods of correlation analysis, and the method of principal components analysis (PCA) are used as methods of multifactorial analysis of human capital formation in agriculture. The results of the study show that the formation of human capital in agriculture is determined by a complex of interrelated factors, among which the key ones are the level of wages, the level of education, access to technology, support from the state, as well as demographic characteristics due to the development of rural areas. The obtained data indicate the need for a systematic approach to the formation of human capital to ensure food security.
ОСОБИСТІСНО-ПРОФЕСІЙНЕ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВЧИТЕЛЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ В ПРОЦЕСІ ПОЗААУДИТОРНОЇ РОБОТИ
Authors: ДАМЗІН ОЛЕКСАНДР
Published: January 2025

The article traces the professional and pedagogical formation of future physical education teachers and the role of extracurricular work in pedagogical disciplines, in particular, pedagogical competitions, which are first held in academic groups, then at faculties. At the final university-wide competition, participants demonstrate examples of their own pedagogical creativity. Competitions are an important means of pedagogical support for not only professional but also personal growth of students, and have a powerful motivational and stimulating potential. All contestants have the opportunity to position themselves as teachers, realize and demonstrate their creative ideas. Every year, the best students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports took part in the pedagogical skills competition and, as a rule, became winners. The article presents feedback on the role, significance and aftermath of the pedagogical mastery contest in determining and further developing their personal and professional trajectory The information received from the contestants clearly indicates that for many of them the contest was a kind of start to their personal and professional development.
 Close ties are maintained with many graduates who continue their pedagogical path in the following forms: first, these are lively individual connections, as many of them continued their studies in master's and postgraduate programs; second, almost every year there are meetings with graduates of previous years, which make it possible to trace the individual trajectory of personal and professional development; third, constant contact with participants of the pedagogical skills competition of different years, some of whom work as teachers of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. The main task of the competition is to model and test individual creative didactic and educational projects prepared by future specialists under the guidance of the department's teachers, which contributes to the creative self-realization of future teachers. Such projects motivate students to professional self-improvement, develop pedagogical thinking and creative abilities, including active creative search, help to better understand the theory and connect it with practice, gain experience in speaking to different audiences. The use of educational and upbringing potential of extracurricular work, variety of its forms aimed at co-creation of students with teachers, in combination with the implementation of other organizational and pedagogical conditions ensures the systemic nature of professional development of future teachers.
Виховання в умовах інноваційних процесів: проблеми, фактори успішності
Authors: Каплінський Василь , Акімова Ольга , Пінаєва Ольга
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the problems and factors of success of education in the context of innovative processes, analyzes the positions for and against education. It is emphasized that the search activities of a modern teacher should be focused only on those innovations that are progressive, do not cause harm and open up new opportunities for student development. The innovation process is understood as a complex activity of creating, predicting the effectiveness, assimilating, using and disseminating innovations. It is associated with updating and modifying the content, forms and methods of education, adapting the educational process to new social and historical conditions. It is emphasized that the methods of educational influence should be evaluated in terms of their usefulness and focus on quality results. Orientation to the new cannot be an end in itself for pedagogical innovation. In parallel with the modernization of forms and methods of education, it is necessary to discover and use new opportunities of traditional ones, the potential of which can be revealed only with appropriate communication support, to give preference not to external effects, no matter how modern and innovative they are, but to the content itself, its depth, relevance, novelty, correspondence to the interests and life experience of those whom we influence.
The article calls the factors of successful education the secrets of successful education, one of which is to ensure contact with students, namely the mutual contact that, from the standpoint of humane psychology, is called internal (spiritual) contact and is based on emotional unity and mutual acceptance of the subjects of pedagogical interaction, as opposed to external contact, which is actually only its appearance. The next secret is a clear understanding of the specific features of education, the logic of educational influence, and the consideration of those components without which there will be no success: external influence, its acceptance by the student, transition to the inner plan of his or her personality, and aftereffects and changes. The third secret concerns the hidden nature of education, when the student does what the educator needs, but of his or her own free will, when you educate as if you are not educating. Since the theory is a guide to the practice of education, we cannot ignore the fundamental provisions that are important for ensuring educational influences, which are developed by general pedagogy. Observations show that for students, theory often exists on its own, and practice seems to be outside of theory, so scientific provisions are perceived as something abstract, detached from life.
Розвиток емпатії та комунікативних навичок у майбутніх богословів як ключовий елемент психолого-педагогічної підготовки
Authors: Чорненко Андрій
Published: January 2025

The article examines the importance of developing empathy and communication skills in the process of psychological and pedagogical training of future theologians. Empathy, as the ability to feel and understand the emotional state of others, is an important element of the professional activity of clergy, especially in the context of spiritual guidance and pastoral ministry. The article focuses on how empathy allows theologians to effectively interact with people in crisis situations, support them morally and spiritually, helping them overcome life’s difficulties. The importance of communication skills for future theologians is also explored, as they contribute not only to the transfer of spiritual knowledge, but also to the establishment of a deep connection with the congregation. The article analyzes how proper communication helps to build a dialogue based on trust and mutual understanding, which is important during individual consultations, confessions and public sermons. The psychological and pedagogical training of theologians involves the development of these skills through special trainings and practical tasks that help future clergy to work effectively with people. The importance of intercultural communication and tolerance in the modern religious environment is also considered. The article emphasizes the role of empathy and communication as essential tools for successful pastoral activity and spiritual leadership in modern society.
Successful management of interdural spinal cysts presenting as radiculopathy caused by epidural venous enlargement: illustrative case
Authors: Irwan Nuradi , Takahashi Yoshiharu , Saito Kyohei , Ito Akira , Nishizawa Taketo , Sasaki Tatsuya , Faried Ahmad , Endo Toshiki
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The authors report the first case of thoracic interdural spinal cysts presenting as radiculopathy attributed to overdrainage-related cervical venous plexus enlargement. This case emphasizes the importance of considering interdural spinal cysts and cerebrospinal fluid overdrainage in the differential diagnosis of radiculopathy.

OBSERVATIONS

A 37-year-old male patient with a history of orthostatic headache presented with bilateral deltoid muscle atrophy consistent with C5 radiculopathy. Postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cervical epidural venous plexus enlargement and nerve root compression. Thoracic MRI showed an interdural cyst extending from C7 to T11. In addition, a small defect in the inner layer of the dura, which connects the subarachnoid space to the cyst at the T10 level, was detected on thin-slice MRI. Surgery was performed to close the dural defect, with endoscopic assistance facilitating definitive treatment. Postoperative MRI confirmed the resolution of the spinal cyst and epidural venous enlargement. Furthermore, the patient’s symptoms improved.

LESSONS

Evaluating the cervical spinal pathology is the common approach for cervical radiculopathy. However, in the authors’ case, the presence of thoracic lesions could have been an underlying cause. Hence, identifying this unique clinical presentation can raise awareness among neurosurgeons and lead to better patient outcomes by addressing the underlying pathology in a timely manner.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24533
Concurrent myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis: illustrative case
Authors: Stegmann Kyle P. , Nawabi Noah L. A. , Suresh Rishishankar , Saway Brian F. , Miller Mark A. , Eskandari Ramin , Kosnik Infinger Libby
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis are 2 neurosurgical pathologies with complications such as increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and hydrocephalus. While the 2 defects commonly occur independently, their simultaneous occurrence is exceptionally rare.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report the case of a newborn male diagnosed with a simultaneous myelomeningocele and sagittal craniosynostosis. The patient underwent surgical repair of the myelomeningocele 2 days after birth. Wound breakdown and ventriculomegaly were observed 13 days after birth. Surgical wound repair was performed, and a neonatal reservoir was inserted because of concerns for wound healing and increased ICP. The reservoir was tapped daily, and the ventricle size was monitored via biweekly ultrasounds. Due to the increased risk of ICP presented by the sagittal craniosynostosis, an open strip craniectomy was performed at 34 days of life. Following surgery, cranial ultrasound studies demonstrated improving ventricle size and neonatal reservoir tapping was spaced to weekly. The patient was discharged at 68 days of life in stable condition, with no permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion needed at the 8-month follow-up.

LESSONS

Surgical repair of sagittal craniosynostosis in the presence of a myelomeningocele should be considered earlier in life than generally indicated to limit the risk of developing elevated ICP, hydrocephalus, and subsequent complications.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24616
MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas: a rare aggressive subtype. Illustrative cases
Authors: Zhou Minerva H. , Cha Soonmee
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Spinal ependymomas are typically slow-growing tumors with a favorable prognosis. Recently, a new aggressive subtype has emerged with its own distinct histopathological and molecular features characterized by MYCN amplification. However, this subtype of spinal ependymoma is rare, and studies on its imaging characteristics are limited. In this case series, the authors present the imaging findings of three patients with MYCN-amplified spinal ependymoma from their institution.

OBSERVATIONS

Unlike typical spinal ependymomas, the MYCN-amplified spinal ependymomas were intradural extramedullary in location in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Imaging revealed T1 isointensity and T2 hyperintensity with avid enhancement and peritumoral edema. The tumor masses were adherent to the spinal cord with filling of the canal and resultant cord compression. There were focal areas without a clear tissue plane between the mass and the cord, which was concerning for cord infiltration. Thus, complete resection was difficult to achieve, and all patients demonstrated residual tumor in the resection bed. Their clinical course was also characterized by early central nervous system (CNS) dissemination, including one case with intracranial involvement.

LESSONS

This case series highlights three instances of MYCN-amplified spinal ependymoma, a rare and aggressive subtype with distinctive imaging features, including an intradural extramedullary location and CNS dissemination at recurrence.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24696
Kinematics of fainst stars of the Sco-Cen association according to Gaia catalog
Authors: Bobylev V. V. , Bajkova A. T.
Published: January 2025

The kinematic properties of the Sco-Cen association are studied using the spatial velocities of young stars. New kinematic age estimates for the three components of the association were obtained, with the age of UCL and LCC being 17.7 ± 2.4 Myr, and the age of US being 6.4 ± 1.7 Myr. The parameters of the residual velocities US, UCL and LCC were estimated.