bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intermunicipal collaboration – a smart alternative for small municipalities?
Authors: Wiberg Ulf , Limani Ilmi
Published: August 2023

A characteristic of the Nordic states is their ambition to provide their citizens with a variety of good quality welfare services. A significant part of the responsibility for arranging reliable local solutions is devoted to the municipal level irrespective of the size of the municipality. This means a great variation in local capacity to meet different types of requirements. Especially small municipalities, which also face depopulation and an ageing population, are increasingly challenged to find renewal strategies and action plans to secure both municipal service obligations at reasonable cost per capita and competent staff. Besides rearranged internal steering, organizational frameworks, and working instructions, new solutions may be launched based on resource mobilization and a striving for improved performance in a wider spatial context. This paper explores how three municipalities in the north of Sweden have developed a voluntary intermunicipal collaboration and how it relates to alternative collaborative options in the regional context. The strengths and weaknesses of the chosen approach and its outcome are discussed based on interviews with the local government commissioners and their executive civil servants in different positions. The strength of the achieved collaborative profile is that it meets needs for higher cost efficiency and competence among staff within some municipal sectors. Further is noted that the chosen collaborative profile is not challenging the democratic accountability in each municipality. However, a weakness is that the collaborative results achieved after ten years of collaborative intentions are of marginal importance for all involved municipalities. These experiences are reflected upon with advantages and disadvantages of a merge alternative in mind.
From ‘either or’ to ‘both and’
Authors: Wällstedt Niklas , Almqvist Roland
Published: August 2023

This article explores the next phase of public management: the era of paradox. As new public management (NPM) policies and practices were shown to be inadequate to solve the problems of public management, they began to be complemented – rather than re- placed – with new reforms and practices. These reforms and practices are often contradic- tory to existing ones, leaving managers in a difficult position. By extending the debate about contradictions and paradox from the policy level to the organisational level, we show how public sector managers work to resolve these contradictions in a situated man- ner, keeping the contradictions alive rather than resolving them permanently.
When patient empowerment encounters professional autonomy
Authors: Erlingsdóttir Gudbjörg , Lindholm Cecilia
Published: August 2023

In Sweden, as in many other European countries, government and public agencies have promoted the expansion of eHealth in recent years, arguing that this development enhanc- es patient participation, empowerment and cost efficiency. This article presents a study of the development of My medical record on the Internet, a civic service originally inspired by the home banking concept. The study illustrates how the technology is developed and inscribed with new technical norms, dictating access and use. These norms are in turn shaped by negotiations between social and legal norms as well as the values and beliefs of several different actors involved in the development process. Supported by the study, we conclude: 1) that the new technology challenges the medical professionals, thus causing resistance as the institutional boundaries are changed when patients are given digital access to their medical record; 2) that the technology changes or inscribes the law; 3) that a pilot project of this type is dependent on an enthusiast, seeing the project through until it becomes accepted on a larger scale; and 4) that increased patient participation requires improved access to information which differs from the NPM rhetoric advocating more service to customers.
In the absence of detailed steering
Authors: Svärdsten Fredrik
Published: August 2023

One of the main unintended consequences of NPM-reforms is increased detailed -steering and recentralization due to attempts to decentralize the public sector, which, in turn, leads to restrictive hierarchical accountability relationships. This paper reports an attempt by the Swedish government to solve these problems by decentralizing the Swedish central agencies’ performance reporting and thereby broadening the possibilities of accountability in the Swedish central government. Whereas several studies have presented cases in which the “superior” (e.g., the government) is the main driver behind detailed perfor- mance control and recentralization, the findings in this paper show that centralized de- tailed control can be highly desirable for those accountable for their performance. In line with findings made in previous studies, the decentralization in the Swedish central gov- ernment is now followed by a recentralization. However, this recentralization is mainly driven by the central agencies and not by the government. The paper suggests that to understand the dynamics between decentralization and recentralization in the area of public performance reporting, it is necessary to consider institutionalized reporting structures as well as the difficulties associated with defining performance. This allows for further insights into the possibilities of broadened accountability in the public sector.
Contributory Reasons For and Against Procreation
Authors: Rieder Travis N. ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: August 2023

Procreative limitarians, according to Kalle Grill, believe that we—especially the globally wealthy—should limit our procreative behaviors in order to reduce our impact on the natural environment. However, according to Grill, limitarians tend not to perform a complete moral analysis of procreating, as they cite the costs without noting the substantial benefits. In particular, Grill argues that procreation has benefits that consumption lacks, which is relevant for deciding where to focus in our efforts to mitigate environmental harms. As one of the limitarians cited by Grill, I think this is an interesting argument to consider, but I will here suggest that it does not succeed in fully responding to the force of the limitarian position.
The dynamics of traditions and women’s employment: Evidence from a developing country
Authors: Khan Safdar Ullah , Goldsmith Arthur H. , Rajaguru Gulasekaran
Published: August 2023

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 'Cambria',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: '等线 Light'; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-fareast; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">The workforce participation rate, and hence the level of employment, for women in Pakistan is among the lowest in South Asia – standing at 25 percent in 2023. Conventional explanations attribute this to poor skills and cultural norms of families and society at large. Empirical work has established that low levels of education, and community attitudes regarding gender roles, hinder women's labor force participation. Ethnographic work suggests that household rules – family culture – on who makes decisions about opportunities for married women to work outside of the home for pay – profoundly impact female employment. This is due to the limited availability of data pertaining to explicit assessments of familial traditions that are pertinent to women's participation in the workforce beyond their domestic sphere. Drawing on data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM): 2005-2006 – which provides information, from married women, on who in the family decides if they can work – we address this shortcoming in the literature. We find that in families where the decision lies clearly, and exclusively, in the hands of males, married women are 18-19 percent less likely to be employed than if the family culture is for married women – alone – to make this decision. Moreover, this is a much larger deterrent to work than poor education and residential location.
Multimodality IONM Case Report During Spinal Fusion
Authors:   Senior Physiologist, Neurophysiology Department, The Wellington Hospital, London, United Kingdom., Imran Syed
Published: August 2023

Spinal surgery involves a wide spectrum of procedures during which the spinal cord, nerve roots, and key blood vessels are frequently placed at risk for injury. Neuromonitoring provides an opportunity to assess the functional integrity of susceptible neural elements during surgery. Multimodality neuromonitoring relies on the strengths of different types of neurophysiological modalities to maximize the diagnostic efficacy in regard to sensitivity and specificity in the detection of impending neural injury. Thorough knowledge of the benefits and limitations of each modality helps in optimizing the diagnostic value of intraoperative monitoring during spinal procedures. This case presentation will demonstrate the significance of multimodality IONM.
Entrepreneurship opportunities for agriculture graduate and rural youth in India: a scoping review
Authors: Shravan Manbhar Haldhar  , Tajamul Hussain  , Narit Thaochan  , Ram Swaroop Bana  , Manoj Kumar Jat  , Cheppudira Natesh Nidhi  , Indira Sarangthem  , Palaiyur Nanjappan Sivalingam  , Dilip Kumar Samadia  , Mandadi Nagesh  , Balraj Singh  , Anurag Sunpapao
Published: August 2023

The majority of the world’s population lives in rural areas whereas, in the case of India, 73% population is dependent on agriculture and related works as their mainstream revenue resources. Entrepreneurship in rural areas could be one of the utmost vital initiatives towards the country’s economic development under the adverse impacts of climate change. Entrepreneurship is a crucial feature for the sustainable survival of small-scale agriculture in a continuously increasing compound international economy. Contrarily, most rural entrepreneurs in developing nations, including India, face numerous problems due to the unavailable primary facilities in remote areas. Several agricultural entrepreneurship technologies have been scientifically studied and introduced by numerous countries. Information regarding the progress in modern agriculture entrepreneurship has become crucial for agriculture graduates and the rural youth engaged in the agriculture sector. Hence, it becomes essential for developed and developing economies to emphasize the large-scale demonstrations of agriculture entrepreneurship technologies. In the present manuscript, several such interventions are highlighted in the form of various points which will be of immense use to the self-reliant movement of India. In this endeavour, helpful information on agriculture entrepreneurship technologies from various research institutions and universities has been generated to benefit agriculture graduates and rural youth.
Utilization and impact of green roof technology in maintaining the ecological balance
Authors: R Lallawmzuali  , AK Pal
Published: August 2023

Pursuing an environmentally friendly and sustainable system in the modern world has shed new light on green roof technology, a concept that has been introduced previously. However, the rise of urban cities with limited space and increased human activities has ascertained its importance in achieving sustainable agriculture and architecture simultaneously. The numerous lists of benefits have intrigued a new interest among urban developers and landscape architects, resulting in various research on the topic. The article covers the basic concept of green roofs, their functionalities in creating an ecologically balanced environment and why they must be considered in the developing urbanization of the country.
Spatial and temporal distribution of donkey and mule population in India
Authors: Asmita  , RA Legha  , TA Talluri  , A Bhardwaj  , Yash Pal
Published: August 2023

The donkeys and mules are members of the Equidae family. Spiti, Halari and Kachchhi are registered breeds of donkeys in India. They are well acclimatized to the different agro-climatic conditions to which they belong. Donkeys and mules constitute about 37% of the total Indian equine population and play multifarious roles in human life, especially for the poorest of the poor section of society. They are mainly reared by underprivileged and weaker communities of the society and used for various purposes like transportation of goods, farm produces, pack animals at brick kilns, transportation of garbage, building materials and by nomadic pastoralists etc. The severe decreasing trend observed in Livestock Census elicited us to understand the present status of donkeys and mules. The total donkey and mule populations decreased by 61.23% and 57.10%, respectively in 2019 over the last census. This can be due to their decreased working utility, as alternate economic sources of mechanization are available. Further, motorized vehicles are replacing donkeys and mules in plains and hilly regions where there is a road network. Presently, donkeys and mules are more in rural area than urban area of the country, indicating their utility still exists among rural masses and rural transport depends on these equids. The density of mules is high in the hilly states of India, indicating their utility in difficult hilly terrains.
Effect of harvested rainwater in farm ponds of a saline area on soil properties
Authors: SB Deore  , GU Satpute  , NM Konde
Published: August 2023

Harvesting rainwater through surface storage is one of the options to combat the frequently occurring drought condition in rainfed agriculture. The quality of irrigation water plays a very important role in improving crop productivity and maintaining soil health, especially in the saline area. The information on the water quality of harvested rainwater in farm ponds of the saline area needs to be made available. Hence, an attempt has been made to study the water quality in farm ponds and its effect on soil health and crop productivity after irrigation using different energy sources for lifting the water. The study was carried out on 11 dugout-type farm ponds from the Ghusar village in Akola taluka of Akola district. The harvested rainwater in farm ponds was only used as protective irrigation for rabi crops through a sprinkler irrigation system operated by either an electric pump or diesel pump or tractor-operated pump. The values of EC (0.16 to 0.36) dSm-1, pH (7.54 to 8.66), SAR (1.02 to1.78) me l-1 and RSC (0.2 to 0.4) me l-1 in harvested rainwater indicated that the cations and anions were in acceptable limits of safe quality water for protective irrigation. The use of harvested rainwater in farm ponds in Ghusar village of the saline area was also found to be within safe limits from a soil health point of view and it maintains soil fertility.
Developed the fungicide schedule for the management of early blight in potato in Rajasthan
Authors: DL Yadav  , Sanjeev Sharma
Published: August 2023

Field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kota to develop a fungicide spray schedule for the management of early blight (Alternaria alternata), the most significant foliar disease of potato during the year 2018-19 and 2019-20. The protective and curative activity of fungicides were assessed in field studies. All spray schedules inhibited disease progress and enhanced total tuber yields compared with unsprayed plots. Most minor disease severity (11.40%) with the highest disease control (74.32%) was recorded in the treatment (T3), where the first spray of mancozeb 75WP (0.25%) was followed by a second spray of difenoconazole 25% EC (0.05%) and a third spray of mancozeb 75WP (0.25%) at 10 days interval was applied. The second-best treatment was T2, where the first spray of mancozeb 75WP (0.25%) was followed by a second spray of hexaconazole 5EC (0.05%) and a third spray of mancozeb 75WP (0.25%) at 10 days interval (17.10% & 61.48) was applied. The higher tuber yield was achieved in the treatment T3 with the highest benefit-cost ratio (2.18). Thus, a spray schedule consisting of preventive and curative fungicides may be recommended to effectively manage early blight and higher tuber yield in south eastern Rajasthan.
Ecological impact of alien plant invasion in national parks of an Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot in India
Authors: R Sengupta  , SS Dash
Published: August 2023

The present study aims to evaluate the ecological impact of invasion in two protected areas and provides the first authentic inventory of alien plants with their invasion status. Random sampling technique was followed along with nested quadrats to investigate the phytosociological status of invasion by the alien plants. The ecological studies revealed the occurrence of 207 alien plant species 193 genera under 59 families. The family Asteraceae exhibited the highest species diversity with 38 plant species followed by families like Fabaceae (20 species), Euphorbiaceae (8 species), Convolvulaceae (8 species) and Amaranthaceae (7 species). Most of the alien plants (31%) belonged to American origin followed by 9.18 % from Mexican, 9.17 % from African and 5.31% from European origin. Out of the total species recorded, it was observed that 60.38% herbs, 12.56% trees and 11.11% were shrubs. Phytosociological investigation showed that the lowest reading of Shannon diversity index (H’=1.897) was found in the herb layer of disturbed habitats in the middle altitude of Murlen national park in comparison to the disturbed habitats in the middle altitude of Phawngpui national park (H’=2.198). Ageratina adenophora, Mikania micrantha, Ageratina riparia and Chromolaena odorata were observed as the most noxious invasive alien plants. This database may be utilized to prepare the area's conservation or forest management plans.
Success story: extraction method of neem oil from neem seed kernel in Eritrea
Authors: Anday Semere
Published: August 2023

This research aims to extract neem oil from kernels of Neem seed. The extracted neem oil was used for bio-pesticide to control pests. An oil presser machine extraction was used to extract the oil. The results obtained showed that an average 140ml/kg of neem seed kernel. Neem based insecticides are botanical pesticides safer to environment and public. Various studies have shown that neem is non-toxic to birds, beneficial insects.  Moreover, neem oil can be used as fungicide, insecticide, acaricide and nematicide and could be used best alternative in organic farm. The neem cake produced organic fertilizer, containing high organic matter and 13.8% nitrogen, Phosphorus (0.5% to 1.0%) and potassium (1.0% to 2.0%).  The dual activity of neem cake as fertilizer and pest repellent has made it a favored input. Neem cake is a by-product of oil extraction and since it represents 70% of the original seed by weight or volume. Neem is used in storage; pests can be kept away from the grain for a whole year; but if the grain is already infected with pests the protection will not work.
Imidacloprid residues in cotton guttation fluid, pollen and soil when applied as seed dressings
Authors: K Rolania  , A Janu  , S Ahlawat  , SS Yadav
Published: August 2023

Guttation fluid and pollen are possible pathways where pollinators may be exposed to systemic insecticides. During the investigation, Gossypium hirsutum v. H 1098i seeds were coated with Gaucho (Imidacloprid 600 FS at 2.4 g a.i. kg-1seeds) and planted in the field. Guttation fluid, pollen, and soil samples were collected during the season and the samples were analysed by HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). The guttation fluid and pollen were collected at three times after 50 per cent flowering. Soil samples were collected before sowing and at harvest. Method validation was achieved by performing a recovery experiment at two fortification levels of 0.05 and 0.10 mg kg-1. The average recoveries obtained from guttation fluid, pollen and soil samples were above 85 per cent. The residues of imidacloprid in guttation fluid, pollen and soil in treated and untreated seed were below detectable levels.
Effect of different agricultural practices on yield, profitability and soil properties under maize (Zea mays) – barley (Hordeum vulgare) cropping system
Authors: DK Parmar  , V Parmar  , R Katoch
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted to quantify the effects of natural, organic, and integrated farming methods on yield, profit, and soil properties of maize (Zea mays) + soybean (Glycine max) – barley (Hordium vulgare) + vegetable pea (Pisum sativum) cropping system. The mean data of two years recorded 54% and 62% higher maize yield and net profit with applied NPK+FYM. Such increase in yield and net profit of barley was 48% and 47%. Soil properties showed a significant improvement due to applied NPK+FYM over FP and observed an increase of 23%, 14%, 8%, 30% and 16% for soil OC, MBC, available N, P and K, respectively. The availability of micronutrients in soil was maximum under organic and SPNF practice than other treatments. The study also revealed that SPNF practice was statistically at par with FP but these were found inferior to rest of the practices suggesting that natural and organic farming need to be practice for a longer period for better yield, profit, and soil environment.
The traditional food of meiteis from the aspects of medicine, cultural, spiritual and social value
Authors: A Nirmala Devi  , Ch. Bebika Devi  , L Geetabali Devi  , Yambem Tenzing
Published: August 2023

The relationship between plants and human beings has been known since time immemorial. Nowadays, there is scientific study of the relationship that exists between people and plants. This includes plants used as food, phytochemicals, pharmacology, clothing, currency, ritual, medicine, dye, construction, etc. Manipur was a small princely state in North-East India, having a history of about 2000 years. As Manipur is under Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hot Spot of the Northeast region, diverse flora and fauna are available. Meiteis, the dominant community of these states and the other 35 ethnic schedule tribes of Manipur, also have traditional foods like Houttunia chordata, Elsholgia, Polygonum species (phakpai) as condiments, Acorus calamus, Plectranthus, Mimosa pudica (Lam ekaithabi), Vitex negundo (Uriksshibi) as medicinal Plants, Oscimum sanctum (Tulsi), Cedrela toona (Tairen) Eupatorium balmanicum (Langthrei) as spiritual plants, Nicotiana tabacum, Lycopodium phlegmaria (Leishang khekwaiba) as cultural plants, Siroy lily and Dzuco lily as social plants as it indicates the availability in Siroi hilltop, Ukhrul and Dzuco.
Effect of spacing and harvest duration of moringa leaves in Arid Region
Authors: P Pradhan  , P Dhanger  , NV Saresh  , N Joshi  , MK Yadav
Published: August 2023

Moringa oleifera Lam, a member of the Moringaceae family, is highly prized and grows in many tropical and subtropical countries. It has a broad spectrum of medicinal uses and is highly nutritious. An experiment was conducted to investigate how spacing and harvest duration impact the growth, leaf yield, and quality of Moringa oleifera Lam at the College of Agriculture, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The study involved spacing treatments of 60 x 60 cm, 60 x 45 cm, and 45 x 45 cm as well as harvest durations of 30, 45, and 60 days. Randomly selected individual plants from each harvest plot were analyzed to record the fresh leaves and air-dried weights. Additionally, the plant's average stem diameter, height, and branches were recorded. According to the results, over a 60-day period after sowing, there was a steady increase in plant height. The 60 x 60 cm, 60 x 45 cm, and 45 x 45 cm spacings resulted in plant heights of 92 cm, 96 cm, and 102 cm, respectively. The number of branches produced per plant also increased with time, reaching 10 and 12 for medium and wide spacings, respectively. Although the wider spacing produced a more significant number of branches and higher yield per plant compared to the medium and close spacings, the total shoot yield per hectare was higher in the close spacing than in the medium and wide spacings. According to the study, the growth and yield of Moringa were significantly influenced by spacing, with leaf production, branches, and overall yield being particularly affected.
Plant-insect interactions in different genotypes of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana L) against fruit borer (Meridarchis scyrodes Meyrick)
Authors: SM Haldhar  , AK Singh  , JS Gora  , MK Berwal  , Tajamul Hussain
Published: August 2023

Differences in genotypes of ber plant characters may affect insect-plant herbivore interactions, and variation in genotype traits is responsible for modifying the bottom-up effects. We evaluated the performance of different genotypes of Z. mauritiana against fruit borer, Meridarchis scyrodes Meyrick, under field conditions in the semi-arid region of India. We found that: (i) four genotypes were resistant; 5 genotypes were moderately resistant; 7 genotypes were susceptible, and seven genotypes were highly susceptible to fruit borers infestation; (ii) per cent fruit infestation was highest in Sanur-5 (75.09 %) and lowest in Safeda (13.27 %) followed by Tikadi (14.01 %); (iii) phenols (0.96), Tannins (0.95), flavonoid (0.95) contents and pericarp thickness (0.88) had significant negative correlations with per cent fruit infestation of fruit borer, M. scyrodes; (iv) fruit length (0.50) and pulp: stone ratio (0.77) showed significant positive correlations with per cent fruit infestation of fruit borer, M. scyrodes and (v) flavonoid contents explained 91.40% of the total variation in fruit borer, M. scyrodes infestation. Two principal components (PCs) were extracted, explaining the cumulative variation of 88.48 %. PC1 explained 64.34 % of the variation, while PC2 explained 24.14 n. In conclusion, growers can adopt the potential resistant genotype (Safeda) of Z. mauritiana with minimal financial investment to obtain higher yields.
Efficiency of plant nutrient enhancer for sustainable agriculture in diverse agro-ecosystem
Authors: K Mevada  , BD Makwana
Published: August 2023

Agriculture is a dominant sector in India, thanks largely to the Green Revolution. Though it has enhanced agricultural production, productivity, and the country’s economy, long-term studies show that synthetic fertilizers and agrochemicals injudiciously deplete soil fertility and disrupt the soil ecology. In this context, a few traditional farming practices (such as Homa farming, Biodynamic farming, Agroecological farming, Permaculture, and Natural farming, under the umbrella of “Organic farming”) appear to be a viable alternative for resolving the majority of the problems associated with conventional input-intensive agriculture. Natural farming, in particular, is lately become a catchphrase amongst farmers, policymakers, and stakeholders. In its broadest meaning, natural farming is practicing agriculture that adheres to nature’s laws by considering the balance of natural biodiversity around the farm to ensure the least disruption to agroecology. The nutrient management in natural farming practice broadly revolves around the management of plant nutrient enhancers viz; Jeevamrut, Ghanjeevamrut and Beejamrut coupled with other components like Achchhadan (mulching), and mix cropping. Different farm-based fermented concoctions, named as Jeevamrut, Ghanjeevamrut and Beejamrut, are added to the soil or used to treat seeds to revitalize the soil microflora, and so to enhance soil fertility. The different studies revealed that nutritional and microbial analysis of the Jeevamrut exhibited the presence of different macro- and micro-nutrients and a large population of essential microbes including Azotobacter sp., Actinomycetes sp., and phosphate solubilizers. The microbial counts increased from its initial values with time as the incubation progressed. Different reviews have been reported for variations in the microbial counts (bacteria and fungi) as well as nutrient contents in the Jeevamrut prepared from different sources. Application methods of the Jeevamrut have also their impact on its efficiency. The solid form of the Jeevamrut, Ghanjeevamrut; also have great nutritional content and culturable microbial count compared to the Jeevamrut and FYM. The impact of application methods of a fermented concoction called Beejamrut, have also been varied for germination, vigor, and protection of seeds, seedlings, etc., from soil- and seed-borne pathogens, according to different studies.
“Language Difference Can Be an Asset”: Exploring the Experiences of Nonnative English-Speaking Teachers of Writing
Authors: Ruecker Todd , Frazier Stefan , Tseptsura Mariya
Published: August 2023

The increasing diversity of US higher education has brought greater language diversity to institutions nationwide. While writing studies researchers have increasingly paid attention to the linguistic diversity of student writers, little attention has been paid to the growing numbers of writing teachers who speak English as a second language. This article reports on a study in which we surveyed seventy-eight nonnative English-speaking instructors and conducted follow-up interviews with eleven of them. Following a presentation of the survey data and profiles of selected interviewees, we recommend ways of working with instructors and students in order to decrease language prejudices and better facilitate the professional development of nonnative English-speaking teachers in writing programs.
Alliances, Assemblages, and Affects: Three Moments of Building Collective Working-Class Literacies
Authors: Harding Jennifer , Pauszek Jessica , Pollard Nick , Parks Steve
Published: August 2023

This article explores how assemblage and affect theories can enable research into the formation of a collective working-class identity, inclusive of written, print, publication, and organizational literacies through the origins of the Federation of Worker Writer and Community Publishers, an organization that expanded its collectivity as new heritages, ethnicities, and immigrant identities altered the organization’s membership and “class” identity.
In the Absence of Grades: Dissonance and Desire in Course-Contract Classrooms
Authors: Inman Joyce Olewski , Powell Rebecca A.
Published: August 2023

Acknowledging students’ and instructors’ desires for grades as affective carriers of achievement, belonging, and identity can move us beyond ideals of socially just assessment, making space for decolonizing action and explorations of how the classroom community and the field grapple with the dissonance between being a writer and being a student.
Making Composing Policy Audible: A Genealogy of the WPA Outcomes Statement 3.0
Authors: Sills Ellery
Published: August 2023

This article offers a genealogy of the deliberative policymaking of the WPA Outcomes Statement 3.0 Revision Task Force. Interviews with Task Force members reveal that the revised statement presents composing, technology, and genre as “boundary objects,” in order to preserve the document’s kairos for as long as possible.
Using Objective-Motivated Knowledge Activation to Support Writing Transfer in FYC
Authors: Stinnett Jerry
Published: August 2023

This article theorizes how students know when to activate knowledge acquired in FYC courses. Addressing knowledge activation as motivated by pursuing activity-specific objectives, the author calls for situating students’ encounter with and acquisition of rhetorical knowledge and practices of writing as knowledge of how to perform activities other than writing.
Documenting and Discovering Learning: Reimagining the Work of the Literacy Narrative
Authors: Lindquist Julie , Halbritter Bump
Published: August 2023

We suggest that literacy narratives can be an important part of a curriculum designed to encourage students to understand themselves as developing learners and students. We know that there is great potential for literacy narratives—for narrativizing—when invited within a scaffolded curriculum of collaborative narrative inquiry. We place literacy narratives in the service of documenting learning—that is, within a pedagogical scaffolding designed to lead students through a series of moves that feature inquiry and discovery (about literacy). As such, the literacy narrative that emerges as most important is the final reflective narrative: the one we have spent all semester preparing students to write. That act of deferral creates an opportunity to put the literacy narrative (LN) assignment to different earlier use as a means for creating an ongoing, experiential literacy-learning narrative that will be realized as a reflective narrative: one we call the experiential-learning documentary (ELD).
A Study of the Practices and Responsibilities of Scholarly Peer Review in Rhetoric and Composition
Authors: Söderlund Lars , Wells Jaclyn
Published: August 2023

This article presents findings of an interview study with twenty rhetoric and composition scholars. Findings focus on the responsibilities of reviewers, editors, and writers in scholarly peer review. The authors make several recommendations for improving peer review practices and call for a field-wide discussion of and research about the topic.
Re-Engaging Rhetorical Education through Procedural Feminism: Designing First-Year Writing Curricula That Listen
Authors: Woody Cassandra
Published: August 2023

This article argues that rhetoric-focused first-year composition curricula may effectively use feminist revisions to rhetoric by employing a method the author calls procedural feminism, or the distillation of feminist rhetorical practices and theory within curricular development that does not make feminism a topic students will directly engage. The author argues that employing procedural feminism can move students to become more ethical participants in public discourse while circumventing student resistance to ideological classrooms.
Disrupting the Numbers: The Impact of a Women’s Faculty Writing Program on Associate Professors
Authors: Alexander Kara Poe , Shaver Lisa
Published: August 2023

Women continue to be underrepresented at the highest academic rank of full professor. Studies show that once women earn tenure, they are inundated with teaching, service, and administrative responsibilities, which take time away from research and publication—the primary criteria for promotion. We believe that rhetoric and writing studies (RWS) faculty are uniquely situated to confront this challenge because of our disciplinary expertise, our experience administering writing programs, and our interest in equity. With the goal to increase the number of women full professors at our university, we created a year-long writing program for women associate professors. Based on results from this pilot study, we argue that RWS faculty can use their expertise to decrease the disparity at the highest academic rank and make the university more diverse and equitable. Moreover, we believe that RWS scholars can use their disciplinary expertise to address a range of other institutional and systemic challenges.
Chicanx Murals: Decolonizing Place and (Re)Writing the Terms of Composition
Authors: Rivera Nora K.
Published: August 2023

Drawing from an interpretive decolonial framework that understands multimodal writing as the act of creatingco-composedknowledge, this article analyzes Chicanx murals as multimodal compositions that exemplify the continuation of the Aztectlacuilolitztlipractice of writing with images. This work also invites rhetoric and composition scholars to reexamine Western understandings of history, particularly the history of writing.
Identities Developed, Identities Denied: Examining the Disciplinary Activities and Disciplinary Positioning of Retirees in Rhetoric, Composition, and Writing Studies
Authors: Bowen Lauren Marshall , Pinkert Laurie A.
Published: August 2023

This essay argues for a redefinition of disciplinary activity and examines disciplinary identity development beyond traditional academic/nonacademic binaries. Through analysis of interviews with twenty-seven retired members of rhetoric, composition, and writing studies, this essay provides a closer look at retirement as an active but overlooked phase of the disciplinary lifecycle.
A Queer Praxis for Peer Review
Authors: Oleksiak Timothy
Published: August 2023

If, as I argue, student-to-student peer review is animated by “improvement imperatives” that make peer review a form of what Lauren Berlant calls “cruel optimism,” then rhetoric and composition will need to imagine theories and structures for peer review that do not repeat cruel attachments. I offer slow peer review as a strategy for queer rhetorical listening that maintains our commitments to peer review without the limitations created through the improvement imperative.
Revising a Scientific Writing Curriculum: Wayfinding Successful Collaborations with Interdisciplinary Expertise
Authors: Harding Lindsey , Nadler Robby , Rawlins Paula , Day Elizabeth , Miller Kristen , Martin Kimberly
Published: August 2023

Interdisciplinary collaborations to help students compose for discipline-specific contexts draw on multiple expertise. Science, technology, education, and mathematics (STEM) programs particularly rely on their writing colleagues because 1) their academic expertise is often not writing and 2) teaching writing often necessitates a redesigning of existing instructional materials. While many writing studies scholars have the expertise to assist their STEM colleagues with such tasks, how to do so—and, more fundamentally, how to begin such efforts—is not commonly focused on in the literature stemming from these collaborations. Our article addresses this gap by detailing an interdisciplinary Writing in the Disciplines (WID) collaboration at a large, public R1 university between STEM and writing experts to redesign the university’s introductory biology writing curriculum. The collaborative curriculum design process detailed here is presented through the lens of wayfinding, which concerns orientation, trailblazing, and moving through uncertain landscapes according to cues. Within this account, a critical focus on language—what we talk about when we talk about writing—emerges, driving both the collaboration itself and resultant curricular revisions. Our work reveals how collaborators can wayfind through interdisciplinary partnerships and writing curriculum development by transforming differences in discipline-specific expertise into a new path forward.
Communal Justicing: Writing Assessment, Disciplinary Infrastructure, and the Case for Critical Language Awareness
Authors: Ruggles Gere Anne , Curzan Anne , Hammond J. W. , Hughes Sarah , Li Ruth , Moos Andrew , Smith Kendon , Van Zanen Kathryn , Wheeler Kelly L. , Zanders Crystal J.
Published: August 2023

Critical language awareness offers one approach to communaljusticing, an iterative and collective process that can address inequities in the disciplinary infrastructure of Writing Studies. We demonstrate justicing in the field’s pasts, policies, and publications; offer a model of communal revision; and invite readers to become agents of communal justicing.
Sexual Violences Traveling to El Norte: An Example of Quilting as Method
Authors: Arellano Sonia C.
Published: August 2023

This quilt documents sexual violence migrant women experience and demonstrates Quilting as Method, a feminist, qualitative research method. The author argues that tactile approaches to research can deepen understandings of shallowly understood experiences.
Teaching Writing in the (New) Era of Fake News
Authors: Skinnell Ryan
Published: August 2023

Fake news feels exceptional in the post-Trump era, but it’s not. We are in an era of fake news, but not the first one. By situating our current moment on a longer timeline, we can recognize tools writing teachers have at our disposal in a new era of fake news.
2020 CCCC Chair’s Address: Say They Name in Black English: George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Atatiana Jefferson, Aura Rosser, Trayvon Martin, and the Need to Move Away from Writing to Literacies in CCCC and Rhetoric and Composition
Authors: Young Vershawn Ashanti
Published: August 2023

“Language scholars long ago denied that the myth of a standard American dialect has any validity. The claim that any one dialect is unacceptable amounts to an attempt of one social group to exert its dominance over another. Such a claim leads to false advice for speakers and writers, and immoral advice for humans.” –(1974 Students’ Right to Their Own Language position statement; emphasis added)
Writing Transfer, Integration, and the Need for the Long View
Authors: Smith Kevin G. , Girdharry Kristi , Gallagher Chris W.
Published: August 2023

Drawing on a five-year study of 20 student writers, this study advances a concept related to but distinct from writing transfer. Integration contextualizes and complicates transfer episodes and encourages us to take a long view of writing development. Like transfer, integration can be facilitated by connectionsand disconnectionswriters perceive between writing contexts.
Beyond Disciplinary Drama: Federal Dollars, ESL Instruction for African Americans, and Public Memory
Authors: Oneil Thomas Dorell
Published: August 2023

A 1969 English 101 class at the University of Wisconsin, where linguists used ESL pedagogy to teach Black American students, has dense connections to the Dartmouth Conference. This work recovers a matrix of related linguists who did not disclose their interest in defining who qualifies as a native English speaker.
Strunk and White and Whiteness
Authors: Lisabeth Laura
Published: August 2023

This essay explores the implications ofThe Elements of Styleas a universally received narrative about literacy. I recontextualize the book as a product of 20th-century histories of literacy as normative middle class desires, and as a response to Cold War era ideologies of a white national language.
Composition in the Age of Neoliberalism: An Interview with Holly Hassel and Joanne Baird Giordano
Authors: Sullivan Patrick
Published: August 2023

The interview featured in this essay, with two distinguished writing studies colleagues, helps us see in important new ways the dystopian world of higher education being built around us by neoliberal public policy—and what we can do to stop it.
Hip-Hop and the Decolonial Possibilities of Translingualism
Authors: Milu Esther
Published: August 2023

Drawing on Kenyan hip-hop, this article: (1) illustrates the decolonial possibilities of translingualism, including paths to linguistic decolonization; (2) showcases how translingualism can facilitate the recovery of Indigenous hybrid languaging practices; (3) highlights how global Western capitalism threatens translingualism’s decolonial potential; and (4) offers further implications for rhetoric and writing scholars and teachers.
Naming What We Don’t Know: Graduate Instructors and Declarative Knowledge about Language
Authors: Brewer Meaghan , di Gennaro Kristen
Published: August 2023

Data from a study of graduate instructors in a composition teaching practicum show that the neglect of declarative knowledgeaboutlanguage is something that they were conscious of and wished to remedy. This finding supports arguments calling for reinstating a focus on linguistic knowledge in composition and writing studies programs.
The Politics of Co-Brokering: Mediation and Affinity in Critical Times
Authors: Mihut Ligia A.
Published: August 2023

Current market globalism demands new discourses that capture complex political and economic realities. This article proposesco-brokering, defined as mediation, translation, and circulation of texts as a critical analytic for understanding the formation of informal and formal markets. Co-brokering unveils how writing at the margins galvanizes affinity in discursive formations.
White Language Supremacy in Course Descriptions
Authors: Davila Bethany
Published: August 2023

This article argues that our course descriptions may perpetuate White language supremacy (WLS) by regularly using specific terms and policing racialized student populations for written standardness more so than White student populations.
Rhetorical (In)visibility: How High-Achieving Appalachian Students Navigate their College Experience
Authors: Tennant Amanda Berardi
Published: August 2023

This article shows how high-achieving Appalachian college students engage in rhetorical (in)visibility to conceal their Appalachian identity and strategically deploy markers of difference in their writing. The article challenges the assumption that Appalachian students are empowered through visibility and offers an alternative framework for understanding how students negotiate stigmatized cultural identities.
How and What Students Learn in Hybrid and Online FYC: A Multi-Institutional Survey Study of Student Perceptions
Authors: Stewart Mary K. , Cunningham Jennifer M. , Stillman-Webb Natalie , Hilliard Lyra
Published: August 2023

This multi-institutional study surveyed undergraduate students (n=669) about how and what they learned in hybrid and online first-year composition (FYC) classes, employing the Community of Inquiry (CoI) Framework to analyze their responses. The data illustrated a significant difference in hybrid versus online students’ perceptions of the student-teacher relationship.
Archiving Our Own: The Digital Archive of Rhetoric and Composition at the University of Texas at Austin, 1975–1995
Authors: Longaker Mark Garrett , Kreuter Nate , Dadugblor Stephen Kwame , Foltz Hannah , Hooker Tristin Brynn , Karnes Martha Sue , Radcliff Bethany Caye , Schaeffner KJ , Walker Kiara
Published: August 2023

As the discipline of rhetoric and composition engages archival studies, we must not only theorize and narrate primary-source research, but also build archival exhibits. Describing our effort to construct a digital exhibit of primary source material relevant to the history of writing instruction at the University of Texas at Austin 1975–1995 (RhetCompUTX, rhetcomputx.dwrl.utexas.edu), we explain how this project speaks to current historiographic debates about the status and the shape of the discipline. We argue that, to make the shift towards an institutional-material perspective, historians and scholars in rhetoric and composition will need to build our own archives of primary-source material, archives that feature four types of items: items relevant to classroom practice, items documenting the institutional circumstances, items recording the disciplinary conversation, and items capturing the political situation. RhetCompUTX not only features all four types of items, but also encourages the user to see the relations among these layers of practice. By describing this exhibit, by summarizing its argument, and by explaining how we described and assembled its items, we encourage other researchers to build similar archival exhibits and to move towards institutional-material historiography.
2022 CCCC Chair’s Address: Writing (Studies) and Reality: Taking Stock of Labor, Equity, and Access in the Field
Authors: Hassel Holly
Published: August 2023

This is the print version of the chair’s address delivered at the virtual 2022 CCCC Annual Convention.
Deep Rhetoricity as Methodological Grounds for Unsettling the Settled
Authors: García Romeo , Kirsch Gesa E.
Published: August 2023

So often left unquestioned is the very place in and from which scholarly ethos and praxis are being proposed. The goal of this essay is to call for and work towards establishing a foundation to explore such questions vis-à-visdeep rhetoricity.Deep rhetoricityinvites and demands of us all returns, careful reckonings, and enduring tasks. We illustrate possibilities ofdeep rhetoricityacross these three epistemic principles. Ultimately, we argue fordeep rhetoricityboth as an intervention into rhetorical practices and as a praxis of invention.
Crossing Lines: Practice and Pedagogy of Creative Writers Who Teach FYW
Authors: Gillespie Tyler
Published: August 2023

Currently, creative writing and writing studies occupy different disciplinary positions, but this relationship doesn’t need to be adversarial. This study illustrates “line-crossing” pedagogies of two creative writers who teach FYW to further the discussion of creative writing’s place in FYW and to help bridge disciplinary gaps.