bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beef acceptance index proposition
Authors: Lucchese-Cheung Thelma , Spers Eduardo Eugênio , Pereira Matheus Wemersom Gomes , Dias Priscila Caroline Souza Paiva
Published: January 2021

Summary: Beliefs, social rules, and food taboos influence the emotions we feel about food, determining our attitudes and consumption behaviors. The more a product represents values considered important to individuals, the greater the chance of being chosen for consumption. This article aimed to investigate levels of zoophagy and sarcophagy to propose an index to understand consumers' attitudes towards beef. Three hundred and eighty-five people answered a structured questionnaire that allowed them to assess personality traits and attitudes that can explain beef consumption, as well as its rejection. Factor analysis was the analytical model chosen to construct the attitude determination index. For the construction of the General Degradation Index (GDI), an attitude determination index associated with the degree of zoophagy was built first. The results indicate that extroversion, individualism, festivity, and immediacy were the traits that best characterized positive attitudes towards beef. On the other hand, negative attitudes of introspection, reflection, emotional character, and concern for the future marked the responses of those who answered.
Caracterização dos canais de comercialização do vinho no Alentejo: uma abordagem com base na teoria dos custos de transação
Authors: Rebocho Ana , Fragoso Rui
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O setor do vinho em Portugal tem-se afirmado com produtos genuinamente únicos que têm ganho reputação nos mercados. O potencial de diferenciação e a reduzida dimensão do mercado nacional para absorver a produção têm levado a uma estratégia de consolidação no mercado externo, sendo importante uma gestão eficiente dos canais de comercialização. Assim, este estudo visa caracterizar a estrutura dos canais de comercialização das empresas do setor do vinho no Alentejo e avaliar o seu nível de integração, ou seja, pretende-se determinar como as restrições verticais influenciam a eficiência das transações nesses canais de comercialização. A metodologia utilizada seguiu uma abordagem mista, baseada na realização de entrevistas (reuniões) com especialistas do setor e na elaboração de um questionário a ser aplicado em uma amostra de empresários do setor do vinho no Alentejo. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as empresas utilizam vários tipos de canais de comercialização para a exportação. Ao contrário do que é referido na literatura, as empresas objeto de estudo, geralmente, não coordenam as suas transações por meio de contratos. Os resultados permitiram, ainda, concluir que a incerteza afeta os custos de transação, bem como os ativos específicos, nomeadamente associados aos recursos humanos. Verificou-se também que quanto maior a frequência das transações, maior o nível de integração dos canais de comercialização.
Comunidades de prática digitais e sustentabilidade da aquicultura na Amazônia brasileira. O caso da rede social on-line WhatsApp “Peixe de Rondônia”
Authors: Santos Marcos Cesar , Madureira Lívia , Braga Aurineide Alves , Marques Carlos Peixeira
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Este artigo destaca uma rede de aquicultores na região centro-este da Amazônia brasileira, com base em discussões do grupo WhatsApp “Peixe de Rondônia”, entre agosto de 2016 e outubro de 2017, acerca de soluções para superar os desafios ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Para tanto, buscou-se verificar a utilidade dessa rede para o compartilhamento de informações com vista à promoção da sustentabilidade do setor, mediante técnicas de análise de rede social e análise de conteúdo na perspectiva exploratória, com apoio computacional dos softwares Gephi e Iramuteq, cujos resultados apontam que a rede total apresenta quatro classes com níveis de interação distintos e complementares e baixa densidade (0,038). A análise de conteúdo demonstrou a existência de cinco clusters de interesse: “mercado”, “grupo social”, “processos produtivos”, “legislação” e “normatização”. O cluster “mercado” apresenta robustez quanto à proximidade e à coesão, configurando-se em uma comunidade de prática ativa dos produtores terminadores. Preocupações com sustentabilidades econômica e ecológica foram constatadas, porém verificou-se que a rede não se constitui efetivamente em comunidade de prática, pois não há evidências de que as discussões promovidas no grupo, até o momento, geraram ações reais de contribuição para a sustentabilidade da atividade. As evidências indicam que os atores do grupo, individualmente, possuem interesse na concretização das ações propostas, no entanto constatou-se que ainda são necessárias tomada de conciência e organização coletiva para alcançar objetivos comuns com foco na sustentabilidade do setor.
Influência do preço da mão de obra na sustentabilidade das explorações vitícolas durienses: uma aplicação de modelos baseados em agentes
Authors: Matias João , Cerveira Adelaide , Santos Cátia , Marta-Costa Ana Alexandra
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Em Portugal, a disponibilidade de mão de obra tem-se revelado um fator-chave para a viticultura de montanha. Estatísticas mais recentes denotam valores preocupantes que poderão colocar em causa a produção de vinho de qualidade e o atraente conjunto de paisagens vitivinícolas consideradas um recurso potencial para o desenvolvimento do turismo. Por a região duriense ser uma das principais regiões vitivinícolas portuguesas, caracterizada por proeminente e acentuada viticultura de montanha, pretende-se, neste trabalho, simular o comportamento das suas explorações perante alterações do preço de mão de obra, recorrendo-se a modelos baseados em agentes (ABM). Foi ainda usado o software MATLAB para obter funções periódicas ajustadas aos dados caracterizadores das variáveis consideradas pertinentes, obtidas de inquéritos presenciais a 110 explorações e atendendo aos dados disponibilizados pela Rede de Informação de Contabilidades Agrícolas (RICA). Posteriormente, o software ABM (NETLOGO) foi selecionado para simular os próximos 100 anos, familiarizando a dinâmica real baseada nos dados anteriormente considerados. Dependendo do preço da mão de obra, no final do horizonte de simulação, com o preço da uva a 0,77€ /kg, das 300 explorações existentes inicialmente, sobrevivem entre 127 e 231 (42,3% a 77%). Num cenário mais otimista, com o preço da uva a 1,17 €/kg, a taxa de sobrevivência oscila entre 72,1% e 93,2%.
O Garrano como fator de sustentabilidade de territórios de rede natura 2000
Authors: Marta-Costa Ana Alexandra , Pinto Rui , Torres-Manso Filipa
Published: January 2021

Resumo: A evolução da população rural e de animais de algumas raças autóctones portuguesas tem demonstrado níveis de regressão preocupantes, com consequências ambientais e ecológicas, na gestão e no ordenamento do território e na sua sustentabilidade, nomeadamente, no que se refere à dimensão socioeconómica e à própria coesão territorial. Neste trabalho, tendo por base entrevistas realizadas a criadores, empresas e associações que se dedicam à criação e proteção da raça de equídeos Garrana, usada para diversos fins, pretende-se identificar os benefícios da adoção de um sistema de exploração que inclua o Garrano destacando, também, as suas principais debilidades. A abordagem será desenvolvida atendendo às dimensões ambiental, económica e social da sustentabilidade. Os resultados evidenciam a importância destes animais, não apenas enquanto património genético vivo, mas também ao nível da defesa da floresta contra incêndios, concretamente, no controlo de biomassa combustível. No entanto, será necessária a definição de uma estratégia concertada que permita valorizar o seu contributo na economia das explorações ou empresas, o que deverá refletir-se no acréscimo do bem-estar da população, na estabilização do efetivo animal e na sustentabilidade do território.
Que horas ela volta? Análise bioética sobre gênero e classe
Authors: Gomes Doris , Moretti-Pires Rodrigo Otávio , Finkler Mirelle
Published: January 2021

Resumo A exibição de filmes seguida de debate pode ser empregada como recurso pedagógico da bioética narrativa, visando compartilhar percepções e ampliar coletivamente a capacidade de refletir e dialogar. Neste artigo buscou-se aprofundar a análise de questões ético-políticas suscitadas em debate sobre o filme Que horas ela volta? com estudantes de uma universidade pública. O filme faz um resgate sócio-histórico da formação brasileira, expondo antagonismos ancestrais e uma cultura visceralmente racista, sexista e autoritária. Foram levantadas coletivamente as principais cenas-chave do filme, debatidas à luz da bioética social com base em leitura previamente recomendada. O processo levou os alunos a problematizar relações de gênero, classe, trabalho, poder e violência simbólica no Brasil contemporâneo – reflexões necessárias no contexto da educação superior em saúde.
Perfil e vozes dos participantes de pesquisas clínicas no Brasil
Authors: Amorim Karla Patrícia Cardoso , Garrafa Volnei , Melo Alana Dantas de , Costa Andressa Vellasco Brito , Oliveira Gabriella Caldas Leonardo , Lopes Heitor Giovanni , Pereira Eduardo Judene da Silva , Fernandes Júnior Francisco Ademar
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este estudo de caso buscou traçar o perfil socioeconômico de participantes de ensaios clínicos em centro de pesquisa brasileiro, analisando suas decisões, motivações e experiências, seu conhecimento sobre riscos, benefícios e cuidados dispensados e o processo de consentimento. Dados de 327 participantes foram coletados, realizando-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 19 deles. Nas pesquisas executadas no centro estudado houve maior participação de homens, de pessoas com poucos anos de estudo formal e de baixa renda. A maioria é aposentada, não tem assistência privada à saúde e tende a não perceber os efeitos da investigação ou superestimar os benefícios médicos diretos. A busca pelo tratamento médico foi o principal fator que influenciou suas decisões/participação, e a assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido não garantiu a expressão da autonomia. Conclui-se que o perfil e o conteúdo dos discursos dos participantes são sensíveis indicadores de vulnerabilidade e desigualdade social.
Inovação biomédica e ética: técnicas substitutivas na experimentação animal
Authors: Silva Tatiana Tavares da , Corrêa Marilena Cordeiro Dias Villela
Published: January 2021

Resumo A utilização de animais não humanos como ferramenta de pesquisa biomédica e em testes da indústria para consumo humano foi incorporada às práticas científicas e assimilada como fundamental. A revisão sistemática dos resultados de protocolos de fases pré-clínicas não é prática corrente, mas metanálises recentes questionam a capacidade de projeção desses dados para a espécie humana. Atualmente, junto com o questionamento científico há abrangente discussão ética sobre os conflitos inerentes à instrumentalização da vida do animal não humano, cujo ápice é alcançado na criação de animais transgênicos. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a aplicação do conceito de vulnerabilidade ao animal não humano no contexto da experimentação e pensar as relações de poder implícitas nessas práticas. Como aplicação prática da teoria exposta, propõe-se implantar e desenvolver técnicas substitutivas ao modelo animal, que conjuguem ética e inovação.
Aprendizagem da geração millennial na graduação médica
Authors: Tamoto Paula , Gati Renan dos Santos , Rondina João Marcelo , Brienze Sérgio Luís Aparecido , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , André Júlio César
Published: January 2021

Resumo A maioria dos atuais graduandos nasceu entre 1982 e 2000. Trata-se dos chamados “millennials”, e essa geração espera que a educação integre a tecnologia. Com isso, este estudo, transversal e descritivo-exploratório, propõe-se a conhecer a relação de estudantes de medicina do ciclo básico com as tecnologias interativas da web – as quais podem melhorar o ensino –, visando fornecer informações para implementá-las com mais eficiência no meio acadêmico. Os resultados evidenciam que os alunos utilizam ferramentas da internet, mas com pouca diversidade, sendo as plataformas mais usadas o Google Docs, Facebook, YouTube e Dropbox. O artigo conclui que é necessário promover o contato com a tecnologia na educação médica a fim de preparar os alunos para enfrentar futuros desafios profissionais.
Quais são os valores morais essenciais para a formação médica?
Authors: Marques Lumaira Maria Nascimento Silva da Rocha , Fonseca Sandra Costa , Milioni Vitor Corradini , Corbiceiro Weydler Campos Hottz
Published: January 2021

Resumo Este estudo propõe identificar que valores morais os estudantes de medicina consideram importantes para sua formação e que valores a universidade tem promovido durante a graduação. Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com 153 estudantes de universidade pública do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os participantes consideraram respeito, responsabilidade, paciência e humildade como os valores morais mais importantes para a formação médica, e responsabilidade, respeito, paciência e prudência foram apontados como os mais estimulados durante a graduação. Os estudantes reconhecem a importância da educação moral para a formação profissional e se mostram sensíveis ao tema. Por conseguinte, é necessário capacitar docentes e instituir educação permanente para que a formação moral não seja produto da casualidade ou continue à margem dos currículos.
Dilemas éticos em cuidados paliativos: revisão de literatura
Authors: Alcântara Fabíola Alves
Published: January 2021

Resumo Em qualquer sociedade, assuntos concernentes ao início e fim da vida são imenso desafio, pois envolvem diversos conceitos relacionados a ciência e religião, de caráter humanístico, social, jurídico, bioético e moral. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar os dilemas éticos explicitados por profissionais de saúde ao enfrentar processos de finitude. Dentre os diversos tipos de dilemas éticos encontrados, os principais perpassam a limitação de recursos, a dificuldade de comunicação e a dificuldade em tomar decisões. Esses dilemas levam a refletir sobre uma série de cuidados necessários, como estabelecer comunicação integrada, sempre dizer a verdade e entender renúncias, descontinuações e recusas ao tratamento.
Avaliação do clima ético nos serviços de saúde: revisão sistemática
Authors: Lanes Taís Carpes , Magnago Ana Carolina de Souza , Schutz Thais Costa , Carneiro Alessandra Suptitz , Morais Bruna Xavier , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima
Published: January 2021

Resumo O clima ético refere-se à perceptibilidade dos profissionais de saúde quanto ao tratamento ético das questões do trabalho. Este estudo buscou identificar as evidências científicas das produções que utilizaram o instrumento Hospital Ethical Climate Survey na avaliação do clima ético. Trata-se de revisão sistemática realizada nas bases de dados Scopus, PubMed e Medline, sendo selecionados 33 artigos. Evidenciou-se que o clima ético foi associado às questões de saúde do trabalhador e avaliado como de moderado a positivo pelos profissionais de saúde. O clima ético foi classificado como positivo para os fatores “pares”, “pacientes” e “gestão”, e como negativo para os fatores “médicos” e “hospital”. Compreende-se a importância da avaliação do clima ético para a sustentabilidade e melhorias do ambiente de trabalho. Neste caso, o Hospital Ethical Climate Survey se apresentou válido e fidedigno ao ser aplicado em serviços de saúde.
Validação de inventário de problemas éticos para a saúde bucal
Authors: Gomes Doris , Zoboli Elma , Finkler Mirelle
Published: January 2021

Resumo Trata-se de pesquisa metodológica para validar o Inventário de Problemas Éticos na Atenção Primária à Saúde para a Saúde Bucal por meio da técnica Delphi, buscando consenso entre 23 cirurgiões-dentistas. Solicitou-se análise comparativa entre os itens do inventário de referência e do inventário para saúde bucal, questionando sua compatibilidade e adequação, incluindo problemas éticos específicos da área pesquisada. Os especialistas propuseram reescrever e alterar diversos itens. Houve segunda rodada para buscar consenso nas questões não esgotadas na etapa anterior. A técnica Delphi mostrou-se essencial para obter enunciados mais compreensíveis e adequados, potencializando o emprego do inventário pelos trabalhadores e gestores da saúde bucal, a reflexão ético-política sobre os problemas vividos e a construção de processos coletivos de deliberação.
Análise de prontuários de hospital universitário de Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo
Authors: Ribeiro Mariana Cuccato , Dalaneze Bruno Skawinski , Peruchi Mariah Padovan de Oliveira , Cintra Raquel Barbosa
Published: January 2021

Resumo O prontuário médico é, na área da saúde, documento básico que permeia toda a atividade assistencial, administrativa, de pesquisa e de ensino, permitindo a comunicação entre os diversos profissionais que participam do cuidado do paciente. Destaca-se, no entanto, a diferença de qualidade dos registros produzidos por cada instituição. Considerando essa variedade, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar prontuários de um hospital de ensino de Mogi das Cruzes/SP. Foram avaliados 191 prontuários, datados a partir de 2016. A avaliação consistiu na aplicação de instrumento que atribui escores considerando os itens obrigatórios do prontuário. Apesar de os escores totais obtidos não serem baixos, os resultados demonstram que a qualidade dos prontuários varia e que o hospital-escola deve aperfeiçoar seu preenchimento.
Association between hypodontia of permanent maxillary lateral incisors and other dental anomalies
Authors: Santos Diego Junior da Silva , Miguel José Augusto Mendes
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tooth agenesis is often associated with other tooth anomalies, such as microdontia, delayed eruption and ectopic eruption. Moreover, they may be found all in the same individual, as certain genetic mutations may have a variable phenotypic expression. Treatment of cases of hypodontia of anterior teeth should not involve only opening or closing space for prosthetic rehabilitation. Individuals with hypodontia of permanent maxillary lateral incisors may have teeth with a mesiodistal width smaller than that of patients with a normal dentition, and which may need reshaping to achieve an esthetic and functional occlusion. Objective: This clinical case report discusses the association of hypodontia of permanent maxillary lateral incisors with other tooth anomalies and their treatment alternatives.
Orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients: challenges and solutions, from planning to retention
Authors: Feu Daniela
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: There is an increasing number of adult patients with sequelae of periodontal diseases seeking orthodontic treatment to improve their occlusion and quality of life. However, it is important to highlight that the patient who has vertical bone loss has unique needs, arising from the frequent related pathological migrations. Therefore, it requires an individualized orthodontic treatment in terms of anchorage, biomechanics, and multidisciplinary planning, which raises doubts in the hierarchy of priorities and organization of the treatment plan. Objectives: It was proposed a stratified hierarchy of the needs of orthodontic-periodontal treatment in six levels, which were illustrated with examples of clinical cases in which biomechanical planning and a multidisciplinary approach made it possible to obtain a balanced occlusion, aesthetic improvement and stabilization of the results. Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment of periodontal patients with a multidisciplinary approach is increasingly frequent and should be planned individually, considering bone losses suffered by each patient. Respecting some limitations, it is possible to improve the level of bone insertion, smile aesthetics and masticatory function, to facilitate oral hygiene through the orthodontic treatment of adult patients with little bone support. It is also important to highlight that there are unique aspects in the orthodontic retention in these cases.
Nature and severity of dental malocclusion in children suffering from transfusion-dependent (-thalassemia major
Authors: Jeelani Waqar , Sher Uroosa , Ahmed Maheen
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of malocclusion in children suffering from β-thalassemia and to assess orthodontic treatment need using Grainger’s Treatment Priority Index (TPI) and index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN)-dental health component (DHC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 transfusion-dependent children diagnosed with homozygous β-thalassemia and 200 healthy school children aged 11-17 years. The TPI and IOTN-DHC data was recorded for both groups. Total TPI score for each subject was calculated and graded according to malocclusion severity estimate (MSE). Independent sample t-test was used to compare mean TPI scores, overjet and overbite between thalassemic and healthy children. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of IOTN-DHC grades, Angle’s classification, and MSE grades between thalassemic and healthy children. Results: The most prevalent malocclusion was Class I in normal children (67.5%) and Class II in thalassemic children (59%). The mean overjet and overbite were significantly (p<0.001) greater in thalassemic children than in healthy children. Severe tooth displacements were 3.5 times greater in thalassemic children, compared to controls. A greater proportion of thalassemic children were in IOTN grades 3 and 4, compared to the controls (p<0.001). MSE grades 4 and 5 were significantly (p<0.001) more prevalent in thalassemic children, compared to the controls. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of Angle’s Class II malocclusion in thalassemic children. Majority of these children are categorized in higher grades of IOTN-DHC and TPI-MSE, showing a great severity of malocclusion and high orthodontic treatment needs.
What Happens When Artificial Intelligence Invents: Is the Invention Patentable?
Authors: Gibson Stanley M. , Newman Jessica P. G.
Published: January 2021

In a decision published on April 27, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office determined that only a human can be considered an inventor. So, who owns the patent when artificial intelligence makes the invention? What are the practical and logistical complications inherent in artificial intelligence‐created inventions? With technology advancing faster than the legal system, what can we expect moving forward?
Size effect on creep behaviour and creep model of slate rockfill with oversized particles
Authors: Chen Qun , Zhou Cheng-Jing , Wang Chen , Zhou Cheng
Published: January 2021

The gradation of rockfill affects creep behaviour, but indoor testing apparatus does not allow a field maximum particle size of the rockfill of 1000 mm. To investigate the creep behaviour of rockfill with different maximum particle sizes and establish a creep model for the rockfill material, oedometer creep tests for slate rockfill material with different maximum particle sizes were conducted to explore the effect of gradation on the creep behaviour of rockfill materials. The test results showed that the creep strain increases and the rate of increase decreases with the increase in vertical stress. The creep strain increases with the decrease in maximum particle size under all vertical stresses. Furthermore, a particle size ratio Rdwas defined to establish the creep model. An empirical creep model was proposed to calculate the creep strain for rockfill with oversized particles that are not allowed by the experimental apparatus. Three groups of test data were used to determine the model parameters, and one group of test data was used to verify the predictive capacity of the model. The results showed that the model can satisfactorily predict the creep behaviour of slate rockfill with oversized particles.
A large-strain consolidation model incorporating vacuum pressure growth propagation
Authors: Wang Jian-Hua , Zeng Ling-Ling , Ding Jian-Wen , Hong Zhen-Shun
Published: January 2021

A large-strain consolidation model incorporating vacuum pressure growth propagation (VPGP) under vacuum preloading is proposed. A finite-difference method was developed to predict the vacuum consolidation behaviour. The proposed model can be degenerated into the existing model when the vacuum pressure growth factor reaches 10/day. The rationality of the proposed model was verified and compared with experimental results. The effect of VPGP on the consolidation behaviour of two typical soils was then analysed. A growth in vacuum pressure has a significant effect on consolidation, especially for a growth factor in the range 0–0.5/day. The radial and vertical propagation of vacuum pressure obviously slowed down the dissipation of excess pore-water pressure (EPWP). The maximum difference reached 48% and 37.5% when the radial attenuation factor and the vertical residual factor were in the range 0–0.1/cm and 0.25–1.00, respectively. The maximum value of the EPWP difference of two typical soils reached 65 kPa.
Effects of Career Management Applications on Nursing Students’ Career Decisions, Academic Motivations and Decision Regret
Authors: KUŞCU KARATEPE Hilal , ATİK Derya , TİRYAKİ ŞEN Hanife , ÖZCAN YÜCE Ulviye , ELİBOL Esengül
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Career choice is one of the most important choices students have made in their lifetime. Applications that influence, guide and facilitate this choice will play an important role in improving efficiency and productivity in individuals, educational and business institutions. The present study is the first one in terms of discussing these topics together in the literature.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of career management practices on career decisions, academic motivations, professional outcome expectations and professional decision regret.
Method: This study is in an experimental research design with pre-application and post-application control groups. The study data was collected from the application and control group by face-to-face interview technique. Before and after the application, scales were applied to both groups for the content of the Personal Data Sheet and the research. The data was evaluated in the SPSS 21 package program.
Results: The data obtained before and after application (p<0.05) were interpreted at the level of significance. Career management there was a significant difference between career decisions, professional decision regret, professional outcome expectation and academic motivation scores (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Career Management Applications are effective in increasing the career decisions, academic motivations, vocational outcome expectation and in decreasing the professional decision regret.
Comparison of Body Compositions Evaluated with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) with Metabolic, Hormonal and Anthropometric Measurements in PCOS Patients
Authors: ALTUNTAŞ Mahmut , AKSOY Hüseyin , SABUNCU Tevfik
Published: January 2021

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to compare the body composition parameters measured by BIA(Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis) and the metabolic, anthropometric and hormonal parameters of the PCOS patients with the healthy control group and to examine the effect of PCOS on body composition parameters. It is aimed to give a better direction to PCOS follow-up and treatment.
Material and Method: 23 non-obese PCOS patients were involved to this prospective study. PCOS diagnosis was made according to the Rotterdam Consensus. Antropometric, metabolic and hormonal parameters were measured. Body compositions were measured by BIA.
Results: When the relationship between body composition parameters and metabolic and hormonal values were examined, significant correlations were found. There was a negative correlation between AUC-insulin levels and SHBG while a significant positive correlation between free testosterone in hirsute women with PCOS. There was a significant negative correlation between free testosterone level increase and body fat ratio while a significant positive correlation between SHBG and body fat ratio. There was a significant negative correlation between DHEAS and BMI and the hip circumference. When the relationship between body composition and antropometric parameters were examined, a significant positive correlation was found between BMI and body fat ratio, total body water and basal metabolic rate in women with PCOS.
Conclusion: In this study, significant correlations were found between body compositions and hormonal, metabolic and anthropometric parameters in patients with PCOS. Based on these findings, we believe that BIA can play an important role in outpatient follow-up of patients with PCOS.
The Effect of Different Monitor Use on Radiography Interpretation in Emergency Medicine
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Bahadir , SERİN Süha
Published: January 2021

Aim
Although it is recommended to use a medical monitor in radiology guides, it is rare to use a medical monitor in non-radiology departments. In this study, the effect of using LED, tablet and medical monitor in the radiography evaluation of inexperienced physicians in the emergency room was investigated.
Materials and Methods
Fifty medical intern from the medical school were included in the study. Participants were asked to diagnose pre-prepared radiography sets on LEDs, tablets and medical monitors and to request a radiology consultation for radiographs they could not decide. The diagnoses of medical interns and cases of requesting radiology consultation were recorded.
Results
The median values of the correct diagnosis of the participants according to the monitors; 13.5 on led monitor, 13 on tablet monitor and 16 on medical monitor. The median value of the desired radiology consultation numbers; 6 on led monitor, 7 on tablet monitor and 4 on medical monitor. The medical monitor has statistically signficant difference to the other two monitors, in the correct diagnosis and number of consultations desired.
Conclusion
The use of medical monitors by inexperienced physicians in the emergency room where workload is extreme and time is valuable, will increase the diagnosis accuracy and decrease the rate of request for consultation.
The Association between Malocclusion and Dental Caries among Yemeni School Children in Sana’a City
Authors: TAM AL-Awadi , FL Al-Motareb , KA AL-Haddad , AAY Al-Akwa , HA Al-Shamahy , HMS Al-deen , MA Al-labani
Published: January 2021

Background: Even though few studies have documented malocclusion in different age groups in Yemen, the literature on the prevalence of malocclusion in mixed dentition is scarce or non-existent. Dental caries is another common condition that affects overall health. However, its link to malocclusion in mixed dentition is unknown in Yemen.
Early Osseointegration Attained by UV-Photo Treated Implant into PiezosurgeryPrepared Site Report I. Retrospective Study on Clinical Feasibility
Authors: T Miyazaki
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility of dual effects of UV photofunctionalized implant, which is placed into piezosurgery-prepared site.
Acute Ischemic Stroke as a Presenting Feature of COVID-19 in a Young Adult
Authors: A Alikhani , MAS Azad , A Pakzad , AM Beyzaee
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus primarily affects the respiratory organ and results in respiratory symptoms. However, this newly emergent virus is not entirely known; therefore, not all symptoms are defined yet. Several reports have shown that the virus has a tendency to infect the central nervous system. In this report, we present a patient with COVID-19 and concurrent neurological presentation who was positive for lung CT scan and positive anti-COVID-19 antibody.
Nebulized Tranexamic Acid for Hemoptysis
Authors:   Internal Medicine Resident at AZ Klina, Antwerp Metropolitan Area, Belgium, Leenaerts Veerle
Published: January 2021

The synthetic antifibrinolytic drug, tranexamic acid, is widely used intravenously, orally and topically to treat various bleeding complications. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence of its use as inhalation drug for hemoptysis. In this review, the available literature about aerosolized tranexamic acid is listed.
Macroscopic White Blood Cell Casts: An Extremely Rare Presentation of Klebsiella Pyelonephritis
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, University of South Alabama, USA, Mellick Larry B. , Rathbun Kimberly M. ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University of South Alabama, USA
Published: January 2021

In this case report, we present a patient with severe pyelonephritis who presented complaining of passing worm-like tissue from his penis. This patient was passing macroscopic ureteral white blood cell casts resulting from a severe pyelonephritis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
An Unusual Case of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Gynecology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, NR4 7UY, England, Karavadra Babu , Sule Medha ,   Department of Gynecology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, NR4 7UY, England, Portelli Christine-Antoinette ,   West Suffolk Hospital, Hospital in Bury St Edmunds, IP33 2QZ, England
Published: January 2021

Malrotation of the gut is rare in adults. We discuss the case of a 30-year-old primiparous woman who presented to the acute gynecology ward at 19-weeks’ gestation with ongoing nausea and vomiting throughout pregnancy. She attended on a number of occasions with the same symptoms and was trialed on a number of different antiemetics. Initial biochemical investigations were unremarkable, however, the patient started to develop signs of ‘abdominal obstruction’. A magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the pelvis showed evidence of duodenal obstruction secondary to malrotation which may be secondary to a fibrous (Ladd’s) band. She was treated laparoscopically via a Ladd procedure and had an uneventful recovery. Interestingly, the patient presented again in her second pregnancy with very similar symptoms and underwent another Ladd procedure, but via a laparotomy. This is an interesting, rare and unusual case of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
Revision of Maryland Minor Consent Law on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Prevention: An Outcome of Advocacy
Authors:   Morgan State University, School of Community Health and Policy, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA, Olateju Oluwatosin , Dunn Deb ,   Chase Brexton Health Care, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, McLaine Patricia ,   Retired Faculty, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA, Barrett Sharon ,   Morgan State University, School of Community Health and Policy, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA
Published: January 2021

Objectives To date, only few United States (US) states have explicit regulations that allow minors to independently give consent for human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) prevention treatments. This manuscript will reflect upon key advocacy efforts leading to the revision of the Maryland Minor Consent Law, evaluate current human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention laws for minors in U.S. states, and highlight resources for health advocacy. Methods Between 2018-2019, public health professionals in Baltimore, Maryland reviewed the Maryland Minor Consent Law and other adolescent consent laws within the U.S. The professionals advocated for a legal review of the gap by the State Senate and the Office of Attorney General. Results In May 2019, the public health advocates were successful in their effort for a revision of the Maryland Minor Consent Law to include Treatment for the Prevention of HIV-Consent by minors. Upon their review of all adolescent consent laws within the U.S., they found that only eleven states currently have explicit language indicative of an adolescent’s ability to give consent for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Conclusion This inquiry can change upstream factors such as laws, regulations, policies and institutional practices.
Spontaneous Resolution of Pituitary Cystic Lesion
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK, Willison Alice , Kanodia Avinash K. ,   Department of Radiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK, Singh Kirit ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK, Leese Graham ,   Department of Endocrinology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK, Allan Douglas ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK, Hossain-Ibrahim Kismet ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
Published: January 2021

Differentiating between cystic lesions of pituitary gland may be challenging. Usual differentials are cystic pituitary adenoma (cPA) and Rathke’s cleft cyst (RCC). Diagnostic certainty of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is limited in the absence of usual suggestive features. Furthermore, RCC can co-exist with approximately 2% of pituitary adenomas. Over time, these cystic lesions may remain static, resolve spontaneously, or result in symptomatology relating to mass effect and/or hormonal disruption. In cases of an asymptomatic lesion being found incidentally, little is known about how it may progress, raising question whether to proceed with surgical management or follow-up. We a present case of a spontaneously resolving pituitary cystic lesion with imaging features more suggestive of cPA than RCC, for which watchful waiting proved a successful treatment strategy. The current case serves as a reminder that small cystic lesions can be followed-up with spontaneous resolution and should be offered active treatment only when clinically required.
Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation: Our Experience
Authors:   Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Ahmad Syed S. , Ghani Shuaibah A. ,   University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malyaysia, Khatoon Ghuncha ,   Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Sagheer Sumera ,   Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, Ilyas Juwairiya ,   Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2021

Introduction Traditionally, ciliary body destruction has been used to treat uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) following maximally tolerable medical therapy. This is due to the large number of complications seen with this procedure. However, recently a new technique of sub-threshold laser or micropulse laser, is able to provide selective destruction of the ciliary body in a controlled manner. This avoids most of the complications seen with other modalities. We have performed a small case descriptive pilot study to assess the effectiveness of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) in lowering IOP. Methods This pilot study was conducted on four patients in the age range 55-70-years with intractable glaucoma. Two patients had primary angle closure glaucoma, one-each had steroid-induced glaucoma and neovascular glaucoma. Mean baseline IOP was 32±2.4 mmHg. Mean number of glaucoma medications were 2.5±1.5. All patients underwent 180° MP-TSCPC. Absolute success was defined as IOP<20 mmHg without acetazolamide. Results Following the procedure the patients were followed-up at days 1,7,30 and 90. At the last follow-up of the study, mean IOP was 18.2±1.2 mmHg in all four patients. Mild anterior chamber inflammation was the only complication noted. Mean number of glaucoma medications reduced to 1.5±1.0 following the procedure. Thus, absolute success was achieved in all patients. Conclusion This small pilot study validates other studies which show effectiveness of MP-TSCPC as an efficient and safe procedure to lower IOP. This procedure can be used over a wide variety of cases, though the indications for such procedures are still evolving. More extensive and long-term studies will clarify the position of this procedure in our glaucoma management practices.
3D nyomtatás és csontcement alapú cranioplastica mérése mechanikai szempontból
Authors: Manó Sándor , Kovács Kornélia , Kovács Ágnes Éva , Csámer Loránd , Csernátony Zoltán
Published: January 2021

A cranioplastica egy olyan sebészi eljárás, amely során helyreállítják a koponyán keletkezett defektust. A modern orvostudományt a beteg specifikus eljárások térhódítása jellemzi, ennek egyik formája a 3D nyomtatók alkalmazása. Az általunk alkalmazott módszer során ezt a technológiát használjuk a geometriailag megfelelő pótlások elkészítéséhez. Kutatásunk alapgondolata, hogy az implantátumok beültetés után azonos mechanikai hatásoknak vannak kitéve, mint az ép koponya, így ezeknek az implantátumoknak nemcsak esztétikai és biokompatibilitási, hanem teherbírási szempontból is meg kell felelniük. Vizsgálatunk ennek mérését tűzte ki célul. 10 macerált calvarian dolgoztunk. Elméletünk alapja, hogy a koponyák szimmetrikusak. Ebből kifolyólag, ha az egyik oldalon készítünk egy defektust, és a másik oldal tükrözésével előállítunk egy pótlást, akkor a két oldalt külön-külön mechanikai hatásnak kitéve mérni tudjuk az ép és a pótolt koponya felek teherbíró képességét, ezek alapján pedig összehasonlíthatjuk az azonos koponyák ép és pótolt felének adatait. A vizsgálat során a nyomtatáshoz MED 610 fényre keményedő műgyantát, az öntőforma elkészítéséhez RTV 245 kétkomponensű szilikont használtunk, a végleges pótláshoz pedig polimetil-metakrilát (PMMA) alapú Cemfix 3 csontcementet. Első lépésként létrehoztuk a defektusokat, majd CT felvételt készítettünk, amik alapján erre a célra tervezett számítógépes szoftverrel (Mimics Innovation Suite) megalkottuk a koponyák 3D modelljét, majd megszerkesztettük a pótlást. A pótlások nyomtatása után a szilikon öntőformákat gyártottuk le, amelyekbe később csontcementet öntve elkészültek a végleges implantátumok. A mechanikai teherbírás vizsgálatokat egy Instron 8874 típusú biomechanikai anyagvizsgáló berendezéssel végeztük el. A tönkremenetelhez szükséges erők a koponyák különbözősége miatt elég nagy változatosságot mutattak mind a pótlással rendelkező, mind a pótlás nélküli modelleken. Pótlással átlagban 1585,6 N-t 57,5%- os szórással; pótlás nélkül 2785,7 N-t kaptunk 69,35%-os szórás mellett. Ezek alapján a pótolt és ép koponyák teherbírásának aránya 2,97-nek adódott. A vastagságot is figyelembe véve ez az érték 2,64-re módosult, a szórás csökkenése mellett. A törés gyakorlatilag minden esetben a pótláson következett be. A pótlással történt mérés során az átlagos teherbírás több mint 150 kg-nak, a legkisebb érték 38,58 kgnyi behatásnak felel meg, amely a mindennapi tevékenység során a koponyát érő terheléseknél kevesebb. Az eredmények alapján jelentős erőbehatás esetén a pótlások törése megakadályozza a koponya törését, amely jóval veszélyesebb sérüléssel járna.
O direito da parturiente ao acompanhante como instrumento de prevenção à violência obstétrica
Authors: Almeida Natalie Maria de Oliveira de , Barbosa Ramos Edith Maria
Published: January 2021

Objective: to make a systematic review of studies on obstetric violence, reflecting on the parturient's right to the companion as a means of ensuring her physical and psychological health. Methods: bibliographic search of articles from different open-access databases and indexers, published in full in Portuguese from August 2019 to July 2020. It was selected scientific journals in Health Law and Public Health with high impact factor. Data from official documents made available on the websites of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the Perseu Abramo Foundation, and the World Health Organization were also used. Results: it was found that the violation of the right of pregnant women at the time of childbirth can be considered violence, as they lose their autonomy over their body, and that guaranteeing the right to a companion can reduce the incidence of this treatment. Conclusion: this violence is evident on several occasions, among them in the mechanized and technical attention on behalf of health professionals and, in this research, it is noted that, in part, this treatment occurs in the absence of monitoring of the pregnant woman by a person of their confidence, which is why it is possible to affirm that the effective enforcement of laws that protect the companion's right can significantly reduce the cases of obstetric violence.
Primeira infância sem açúcar: um direito a ser conquistado
Authors: Nogueira Juliana Mara Gomes de Assis , Costa Ana Maria , Coelho Erica Correia
Published: January 2021

Objective: to reflect on sugar consumption´s impact on early childhood in children´s rights perspective. Methods: it is an integrative literature review. The authors selected full texts in English by searching for articles from 2014 to 2019 in the PubMed database with specific descriptors. To complement the study, it was used official documents on the nutritional profile of the population and the development of chronic non-communicable diseases in children. Results: the PubMed database search recorded 36 publications, of which eleven were selected for this review. To relate the topic of sugar consumption to the right to children's health, nine legal documents, eleven official publications from government agencies, as well as technical books were also consulted, which made it possible to base the discussion on the impact of sugar on children's health as a right to be conquered. Conclusion: despite the modern apparatus for protecting early childhood health and nutrition by Brazilian legislation, there is still an excess of free sugar in children's diet, which has a proven negative impact on the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. Eating without sucrose can be considered as a right of early childhood due to its influence on the formation of habits, disease prevention, and long-term quality of life.
Busca ativa ou testagem em massa?
Authors: Da Silveira Marilusa Cunha , Costa Eduardo de Azeredo
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged specialists and governments to find public health measures that bring solutions and reduce deaths. This article discusses the impact of mass testing as a social protection measure and to evaluate its implementation in Brazil, in the control of COVID-19, especially when combined with the isolation of cases and the quarantine of contacts. Mass testing is recommended for tracking the disease and ensuring the sustainability of these measures.
Temas avançados de Direito da Saúde: tutelas jurídicas da saúde
Authors: Ramos Edith Maria Barbosa , Costa Laísse Lima Silva , De Almeida Natalie Maria de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this work was to address different topics related to Health Law and legal health tutelage in the context of the current health issues, complex and controversial. For this reason, the work is exposed in the form of independent chapters dealing with the right to health and criminal protection; civil protection; labor protection; environment; public policies and the Unified Health System. It is noteworthy that the work has the great merit of presenting excellent solutions shaped by the academy in the solid and important researches developed.