bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of leptin and adiponectin on the expression of cytokine genes IL-1β, IL-6 AND TNFα in lymphocytes
Authors: Sumerkina V. A. , Telesheva L. F. , Myakotina D. E. , Zotova M. A.
Published: September 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is one of the world’s topical health problems. Large-scale epidemiological studies on the prevalence of MS in the world have not been conducted, but according to different authors, depending on the region of residence, the composition of the study population and the diagnostic criteria used, the incidence of MS is at least 10%, and according to estimates of the International Diabetes Federation IDF – up to 25% of the adult population. The metabolic changes in MS are explained by a disturbance in the balance of mediators synthesized by adipose tissue (adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin, vaspin and others); MS is also considered as a subclinical chronic inflammatory process characterized by excessive synthesis of proinflammatory and deficiency of anti-inflammatory cytokines. According to modern ideas, changes in the cellular and humoral immunity in MS are largely due to the imbalance of adipokines: leptin and adiponectin. Increased functional activity of immune cells, including lymphocytes, leads to changes in cytokine gene expression. In the present work, we studied in vitro the expression of IL-1â, IL-6 and TNFá genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes under the influence of adipokines at concentrations characteristic of MS. As a result, differential effects of adipokines on lymphocytes of MS patients and conditionally healthy individuals were found. In conditionally healthy individuals, incubation of lymphocytes with adipokines leptin, adiponectin and their combination, as well as in the presence of physiological solution causes an increase in IL-6 gene expression. The most noticeable effect was observed when cultured with adiponectin. Thus, in norm, with a decrease in the physiological concentration of adiponectin, the expression of IL-6 in lymphocytes increases, indicating insufficient realization of the anti-inflammatory effect of adiponectin. In MS, IL-6 gene expression increases in lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood in vitro after incubation with adiponectin, a combination of adiponectin and leptin, as well as in the presence of physiological solution. No changes in IL-6 gene expression under the effect of high concentration of leptin were detected.
Probably, our results reflect the phenomenon of lymphocyte resistance to leptin action in MS, as under its influence there is not activation of lymphocytes characteristic in vivo, but on the contrary, decrease of activated subpopulations, also there is no change in IL-6 gene expression. Thus, adipokines in concentrations characteristic of metabolic syndrome influence the functional activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Association between sialic acid, sialidase activity and cholesterol of lipid-containing circulating immune complexes in the blood serum of patients with atherosclerosis
Authors: Surkova R. S. , Marasaeva E. A. , Kashirskikh D. A. , Sobenin I. A. , Orekhov A. N.
Published: September 2024

Atherosclerosis is the most common chronic non-infectious diseases, in the pathogenesis of which the accumulation of lipids in the subendothelial layer of the arteries and the local inflammatory reaction play a significant role. The source of lipid accumulation in the vascular wall is modified low-density lipoproteins. Desialylation is one of the known modifications that leads to the emergence of atherogenic properties in low-density lipoproteins. Enzymes that have sialidase activity circulate in human blood, i.e., the ability to cleave sialic acid from low-density lipoproteins. Desialylated low-density lipoproteins are autoantigens and induce the production of IgG autoantibodies, which form immune complexes with low-density lipoproteins, which aggravates the course of atherosclerosis. The purpose of the study was to establish associations between the levels of sialic acid in low-density lipoproteins, sialidase activity and the cholesterol content of lipid-containing circulating immune complexes in the blood serum of patients with atherosclerosis. Blood sera from patients with coronary heart disease were used as biological material to determine indicators of sialidase activity, cholesterol content of lipid-containing circulating immune complexes and sialic acid in low-density lipoproteins, which were isolated from blood serum. Serum samples were obtained from the laboratory of clinical biochemistry of the Institute of Clinical Cardiology, A.L. Myasnikov Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology named after Academician E.I. Chazov as unutilized residues after performing routine biochemical tests. Fifty-one samples of blood serum and low-density lipoproteins isolated from it were analyzed. A significant positive relationship was revealed between the cholesterol content of circulating immune complexes and sialidase activity in the blood serum (r = 0.305 at p = 0.029). At the same time, no correlation was found between the content of sialic acid in low-density lipoproteins and sialidase activity in the blood serum, as well as between the cholesterol content of circulating immune complexes in the blood serum and sialic acid in low-density lipoproteins. It should be assumed that increased sialidase activity in the blood serum leads to the formation of desialylated immunogenic low-density lipoproteins with the subsequent appearance of autoantibodies and the formation of lipid-containing circulating immune complexes.
CD14 gene polymorphism in COVID-19 convalescents: analysis of (C-159)T
Authors: Yatskov I. A. , Beloglazov V. A. , Ageeva E. S. , Rymarenko N. V. , Zhukova A. A. , Ablayeva R. N.
Published: September 2024

Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) is a pattern recognition receptor for lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative flora and has a close relationship with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The interaction between CD14 and TLR 4 leads to the synthesis of cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-á. The TLR4 receptor is associated with the penetration of the new coronavirus infection virus into the cell, additionally stimulating the expression of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 molecule and suppressing apoptosis in infected cells. Work on the study of the (159C)T polymorphism of the CD14 gene in COVID-19 is represented by only a few publications describing observations only in the Western European region. The purpose of our study was to study the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the CD14 gene – (159C)T (rs2569190) and susceptibility to a new coronavirus infection in the population of the Republic of Crimea. The study included 158 patients (87 women (55%) and 71 (45%) men, average age 45.6±6.14 years) who had COVID-19. Verification of previous COVID-19 was based on anamnestic data and data from studies performed at the time of illness (PCR). The control group consisted of 85 respondents who had not suffered a new coronavirus infection. To analyze the (C-159)T polymorphism of the CD14 gene, allele-specific PCR with electrophoretic detection in a 3% agarose gel (NPF "Litekh", Russia) was used. To compare the frequencies of allele combinations, the ÷2 test and odds ratio (95% CI) were used. The distribution of CD14 mutations followed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p 0.05). The results of the study showed that the distribution of CD14 gene genotypes did not differ significantly in all study groups. The dominant genotype was the heterozygous genotype CT of the (C-159)T polymorphism of the CD14 gene. The analysis showed that the presence of CT and TT SNPs was not associated with the risk of developing a new coronavirus infection (p 0.05). Conclusions. The CD14 SNP (C-159)T is not associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 infection. The distribution of occurrence of SNP variants in the group of recovered individuals did not differ significantly from that in the control group (p 0.05).
The value of objective methods for assessing nasal breathing function in the diagnostic algorithm for allergic rhinitis
Authors: Volkova D. A. , Skorokhodkina O. V. , Umarova N. N.
Published: September 2024

The visual analogue score (VAS) is recommended to assess the severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), but despite its advantages, it is a tool for subjective assessment of symptoms and often does not correlate with the true state of nasal patency. Anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR) is the method to objectify obstructive changes in the nasal cavity in patients with AR and is the most accurate method to assess nasal breathing function from a physiological and aerodynamic point of view. In addition, AAR with a decongestant test allows a differential diagnosis of the causes of nasal obstruction. Our study showed that there was no correlation between VAS and AAR scores. In addition, we found the importance of performing AAR with a decongestant test and subsequent assessment of unilateral flow and resistance parameters, which allowed us to suspect the presence of structural changes in the nasal cavity in patients with AR, as recorded as a result of anterior rhinoscopy and/or endoscopic examination. Thus, in addition to the use of VAS, it is necessary to include AAR in the diagnostic algorithm for AR, which allows not only to confirm the presence or absence of nasal breathing impairment, but also to differentiate the causes of its occurrence for the subsequent selection of the optimal management of patients with AR.
Single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-17F as a possible biomarker of rheumatoid arthritis in the Russian population of the Chelyabinsk Region and its non-equilium linkage with IL-17A
Authors: Shmelkova D. M. , Stashkevich D. S. , Suslova T. A. , Devald I. V.
Published: September 2024

The interleukin 17 (IL-17) family and its role in the immune response and various pathologies is studied in different research. IL-17A and IL-17F belong to proinflammatory cytokines and are the most studied members of the interleukin 17 family and have similar functions and the greatest activity. They play a key role in the immune response in autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. The key point in the regulation of the amount and functional activity of cytokines, including IL-17A and IL-17F, is polymorphism of their genes. Due to the fact that the polymorphism of the IL-17F gene 7488 T/C is located on chromosome 6 near the polymorphism of the IL-17A gene -197G/A and they both take part in the immunopathogenesis of RA, it is possible that their allelic variants are inherited linked and form haplotypes. The purpose of our study is to identify a possible association of IL-17F gene polymorphism with a predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis, including depending on the age and gender of patients in the Russian population of the Chelyabinsk region, as well as to assess the formation of IL-17A ~ IL-17F haplotypes in a group of patients in comparison with a group of conditionally healthy individuals. The result of our study reliably indicates that the homozygous genotype for the ancestral allele 7488 TT of the IL-17F gene (p 0.001) makes a huge contribution to the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, including in the group of men. In addition, polymorphisms in the IL-17A and IL-17F genes are linked to each other and form two haplotypes. One of them, IL-17A -197*G ~ IL-17F 7488*C, is associated with a reduced risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. This haplotype is formed by the ancestral allele of the IL-17A gene and the mutant allele of the IL-17F gene, which takes over the main function and reduces the protein activity level and probably thereby reduces the risk of developing RA.
Changes in the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 in dental orthopedic fixed prosthetics
Authors: Pervov R. Yu. , Pervov Yu. Yu. , Krasnikov V. E. , Yatsenko A. K.
Published: September 2024

Despite significant advances in materials science, introduction of new methods and principles of prosthetic treatment into the practice of dentists, complications after prosthetics with fixed structures are encountered. The result of dental prosthetics of patients with defects of hard tissues of teeth depends not only on the chosen construction and materials from which they are made, but is closely connected with the functional activity of the immune system. Cytokines are an important factor of mucosal immunity. The cytokine system represents one of the key components of mucosal immunity. It regulates normal physiological functions, restoration of haemostasis in the interaction of physical, chemical and biological factors on the body and participates in the pathogenesis of allergic, autoimmune, and autoinflammatory processes. The aim of the study is to compare the content of IL-1â, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-4 in unstimulated saliva and gingival fluid in patients during adaptation to metal-ceramic and oxide ceramic tooth-supported constructions. In the period from 2021-2024, we examined 3 groups of patients aged 46±2 years: group 1 – comparison group, patients without dental constructions in the oral cavity (25 people); group 2 – patients treated with tooth-supported metal-ceramic (MC) crowns (25 people); and group 3 – patients treated with tooth-supported zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) crowns (25 people). On the basis of IL-1â, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-4 we concluded that the mucosal immunity of oral mucous membranes is less affected by the structures made of oxide ceramics compared to the crowns made of metal-ceramics. Similar patterns of changes in the levels of IL-1â, IL-8, and IL-4 in saliva and gingival fluid in patients who underwent dental rehabilitation were found, which allows us to use only saliva in order to eliminate the complexity and specificity of gingival fluid sampling. Also, changes in cytokine indices in saliva and gingival fluid at different stages of prosthodontics reflect the level of reaction of oral mucosal immunity, which can serve as a criterion of the quality of the performed dental treatment.
Co-cultivation of mastocytes and cumulus cells in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Valikova O. V. , Zdor V. V. , Tikhonov Ya. N. , Boroda A. V. , Kolbin K. G.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the study was to study the cytokine-producing function of cumulus cells of the ovaries in PCOS during co-cultivation of cumulus cells with mast cells to identify their mutual influence in the immunopathogenesis of PCOS.
The study was approved by the Interdisciplinary Ethics Committee of the FSBEI of HE of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. A permanent human mast cell line HMC-1 (Human mast cell, ATCC, USA) and a primary culture of cumulus cells were used. The condition of cumulus cells and mastocytes was determined using fluorescent dyes followed by flow cytometry before co-cultivation and after 7 days co-cultivation. The levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IFNã were studied on days 1, 3, and 7 of the experiment.
In monoculture and during co-culture of cells, the synthesis of cytokines IL-6, IL-10, and IFNã continues, but to varying degrees of severity. In the permanent mast cell line, an increase in IL-6, IL-10, and IFNã is observed on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days of cultivation. On the first day, cytokine levels of donor cumulus cells and mastocytes did not differ significantly (p 0.05). In the culture of donor cumulus cells, the synthesis of IL-6, IL-10, and IFNã progressively increases by the 7th day of the experiment (p 0.05). On the first day of the experiment, the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines in PCOS was twice as high as in healthy women. The ratio increased, and on the 7th day reached 3.83 times higher than the ratio of Th1/Th2 cytokines in the control group. Hyperproduction of IFNã by mastocytes was most significant when they were co-cultured with cumulus cells, in monoculture mast cells synthesized excessively cytokine twice from the initial values of IFNã, and the monoculture cumulus cells in PCOS it practically did not contain.
The studied cytokines are regulators of the function of ovarian cumulus cells and factors that increase the competence of the oocyte, indicating the need for their correction, which will allow a real influence on the links of pathogenesis in PCOS in the future.later on.
Clinical factors as predictors of the development of severe recurrence of chronic spontaneous urticaria after completion of omalizumab therapy
Authors: Udovichenko E. N. , Perfilova I. A.
Published: September 2024

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) affects about 1% of population, and its prevalence is increasing. The disease occurs in both children and adults, with predominance among women. At least two possible causes of CSU have been identified, two autoimmune endotypes, with different types of autoantibodies associated with activation of skin mast cells. In clinical practice, patients with CSU receive therapy accordance the clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of Russia for treatment of urticaria, according to the doctor’s algorithm of actions. In patients with CSU, symptoms are difficult to relieve due to special mechanisms of development this variant of disease. In recent years, specific markers, including clinical and laboratory parameters, have been described that can predict response to treatment patients with CSU. In clinical practice, we encounter difficulties in managing these patients. One of these is recurrence of urticaria symptoms after cessation of omalizumab treatment, which negatively affects compliance of patients and its psycho-emotional background. A retrospective analysis of 14 patients with CSU with resumption symptoms after completion of omalizumab treatment was carried out. Patients were divided into two groups: 1 group – 10 patients that symptoms began controlled with antihistamines (go to 1st therapy stage); and 2 group – 4 patients who need re-prescription of omalizumab (stay on 3rd treatment stage). The duration of CSU, activity according to UAS7, combination with development of angioedema, presence of concomitant allergic and autoimmune pathologies, level of CRP, total IgE, and presence of TPO antibodies were analyzed. There was no tendency relapses severity CSU after omalizumab discontinuation with age, gender, duration of the disease, presence of concomitant allergic diseases and drug hypersensitivity. In patients with high disease activity was tendency toward more severe relapses of CSU. The search and study of predictors response to treatment of CSC remains actual task. Further research to identify predictors of response to treatment and relapses severity help identify groups of patients for early transition to more effective treatment methods, which optimize and personalize management of patients with CSU.
Thymus morphological characteristics in acute and chronic colitis in animals with different hypoxia tolerance
Authors: Dzhalilova D. Sh. , Tsvetkov I. S. , Makarova O. V.
Published: September 2024

Hypoxia is connected with inflammation, and the severity of inflammatory diseases predominantly depends on individual tolerance to oxygen deficiency. Hypoxia-inducible factor, HIF-1, regulates the thymus functional state, and its activity varies in organisms with different hypoxia tolerance. It is likely that differences in individual hypoxia tolerance and the associated HIF-1 functional activity may influence the inflammatory diseases severity, such as acute and chronic ulcerative colitis. The study aim is to characterize the thymus morphological changes during acute and chronic colitis in animals with different hypoxia tolerance. The hypoxia tolerance of male C57Bl/6 mice was determined by “gasping time” at an “altitude” of 10,000 m in a decompression chamber. A month after determining hypoxia tolerance, the animals were modeled as acute colitis by replacing drinking water with a 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium for 5 days; the animals were removed from the experiment on the 7th day. Chronic colitis was modeled by animals consuming a 1% dextran sulfate sodium on days 1-4, 12-14 and 22-26; animals were removed from the experiment on the 60th day. The volume fraction of thymus structural and functional zones was assessed using the point counting method. The relative number of different thymic bodies types was assessed: consisting of 3-5 cells, 5 or more epithelial cells, with keratohyalin deposits and thymic bodies in the form of cyst-like cavities. During acute colitis, in the thymus only in susceptible mice, there was a significant cortex narrowing and an increase in the number of thymic bodies consisting of 5 or more cells. In chronic colitis, only in susceptible animals in comparison with the control group, the cortex volume fraction and the cortex to the medulla ratio increased significantly. In susceptible mice, the number of bodies with keratohyalin increased. In tolerant animals, the indicators did not change. Thus, differences in the thymus response to acute and chronic ulcerative colitis were identified between tolerant and susceptible to hypoxia animals. Only in susceptible mice, in acute colitis, was observed cortex narrowing, but in chronic colitis, cortex hyperplasia. The data obtained must be taken into account when conducting experimental studies of the thymus.
Clinical and immunological characteristics of post-covid patients with infectious immunopathology syndrome
Authors: Dobrynina M. A. , Zurochka A. V. , Zurochka V. A.
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has caused global morbidity and high mortality worldwide. Today it is known that, despite recovery from COVID-19, confirmed by both laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, many patients, regardless of the severity of the disease, suffer from a significant deterioration in health and increased exacerbations of chronic diseases. During examinations by attending physicians, they note fatigue, an increase in cases of acute respiratory viral infections per year, an increase in relapses of skin diseases such as furunculosis, pyoderma, exacerbation of pulmonary pathologies, pathologies of the urinary tract of inflammatory origin, as well as chronic infectious diseases such as herpesvirus and human papillomavirus infections, which occur for the first time or are characterized by frequent relapses no less than six months after recovery from acute COVID-19. Such persistent post-infectious consequences are known as post-COVID syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 infection is accompanied by damage to both the acquired and innate immune systems. In previous work, we determined the role of B cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, natural killer cells and the regulatory properties of CD46, as well as its involvement in the processes of viral entry into the cell. In this study, we studied the relationship of immune disorders of these factors of innate and acquired immunity with the clinical manifestations of post-COVID infectious syndrome in this category of patients and the severity of lung damage in these patients during the acute period of COVID-19. The results of the study showed that in some patients more than six months after suffering from COVID-19, the following was revealed: in patients who had a coronavirus infection without lung damage, no violations of the innate and acquired parts of the immune system were detected. In addition, significant differences were identified between clinical manifestations of diseases with increasing cases of relapses or newly identified after clinical recovery from an acute COVID-19 infection, depending on the phenotype of immune status disorders.
Assessment of the influence of synthetic peptide of the active center of granulocyte-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor – ZP2 on the growth properties of Corynebacterium spp.
Authors: Gritsenko V. A. , Morozova N. V. , Gladysheva I. V. , Cherkasov S. V.
Published: September 2024

The goal is to study the effect of the synthetic peptide of the active center of the granulocyte-macrophage coline-stimulating factor ZP2 on the growth properties and biofilm formation of microorganisms of the genus Corynebacterium spp. In vitro experiments were carried out on 13 isolates of Corynebacterium spp., including C. amycolatum (n = 7), C. propinquum (n = 2) and C. pseudodiphtheriticum (n = 4)), previously isolated from healthy individuals and are part of the Network Collection of Symbiotic Microorganisms and Their Consortia of the Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UrB RAS (Orenburg, Russia). The effect of different concentrations of the ZP2 peptide on the growth properties (planktonic culture growth and biofilm formation) of test strains was assessed in 96-well polystyrene plates. The inhibitory effect of the ZP2 peptide on the growth of planktonic culture was assessed by the Inhibition Index (%), on biofilm formation – by the Degree of Inhibition of Biofilm Formation (%). It was experimentally established that after 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours, a dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of planktonic cultures of all studied bacterial strains was observed under the influence of various concentrations of ZP2 (0.5-2.0 μg/ml). In this case, the inhibitory effect of the ZP2 peptide depended both on its concentration in the cultivation medium and on the growth phase of the test strain of bacteria. The maximum inhibition of the growth of planktonic culture of all studied bacterial strains under the influence of various concentrations of the ZP2 peptide was observed after 24 hours and ranged from 89.3±1.9 to 94.1±1.8% in C. amycolatum, and in C. propinquum from 90.0±0.6 to 96.7±0.3%, in C. pseudodiphtheriticum from 92.2±2.1 to 95.1±1.3. The ZP2 peptide also had a significant effect on biofilm formation in all test cultures studied. The reduction in biofilm formation depended on the concentration of the peptide and ranged from 62.4 to 78.4% in C. amycolatum, from 70.9 to 79.6% in C. propinquum, and from 76 to 82.7% in C. pseudodiphtheriticum.
Thus, the antibacterial effect of the ZP2 peptide was revealed against the studied strains of corynebacteria species C. amycolatum, C. propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum. According to available data, the ZP2 peptide is a drug with a wide spectrum of action that has an inhibitory effect not only on the studied actinobacteria, but also, according to literature data, on staphylococci and enterobacteria. An important prospect of the study is to reveal the mechanism of the antibacterial action of the ZP2 peptide with the characteristics of the effective concentration of the substance against pathogens and representatives of normal flora.
The involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of audiogenic epilepsy
Authors: Surina N. M. , Fedotova I. B. , Poletaeva I. I.
Published: September 2024

Epilepsy is a heterogeneous disease, which determines the relevance of investigating the mechanisms of pathogenesis of its various types, including reflex epilepsy. Pharmacotherapy is common for the treatment of patients with epilepsy, however, despite the significant recent achievements, 20-30% of patients remain resistant to the ongoing treatment. The urgency of creating new antiepileptic drugs, in particular, immune ones is due not only to a significant proportion of pharmacoresistant cases, but also to the struggle for the quality of life of patients. The neuroinflammation system in animals with different genetically determined audiogenic epilepsy proneness was investigated. These genetic groups were Krushinsky–Molodkina rats (tonic seizures of maximum intensity in response to the action of sound) and “0” strain (control group, non-convulsive phenotype). The main proinflammatory cytokines levels in the dorsal striatum and brain stem in rats of these genetic groups were measured by multiplex immunofluorescence assay. Background levels of IL-1â, IL-6 and TNFá in the dorsal striatum of KM rats were significantly lower than in the control “0” strain rats, whereas in the brain stem in the “background” levels of these metabolites did not differ. Four hours after the sound exposure, the TNFá level in the dorsal striatum of KM rats was significantly lower than in “0” rats. In KM rats, after the sound exposure and subsequent tonic seizures, the levels of IL-1â and IL-6 in the dorsal striatum were significantly higher than in the background. The IL-2 content was not detected in the background in KM rats, whereas after audiogenic seizures its level was 14.01 pg/ml. In the brain stem of KM rats, the levels of IL-1â and TNFá after audiogenic seizures were significantly lower than in the background. In rats of the “0” strain, cytokine levels in the dorsal striatum after the sound exposure did not differ from those in the background, while IL-1ß levels in their brain stem were significantly lower than the background state. Particular modulating role of the studied proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of audiogenic epilepsy is assumed, as well as certain possibility of anti-inflammatory and immune drugs application in anticonvulsant and antiepileptic therapy.
Immune factors associated with prominent negative symptoms and disease severity in schizophrenia
Authors: Malashenkova I. K. , Krynskiy S. A. , Ogurtsov D. P. , Hailov N. A. , Ratushnyy A. Yu. , Filippova E. A. , Melnikova V. D. , Kaydan M. A. , Kostyuk G. P. , Didkovsky N. A.
Published: September 2024

Schizophrenia is a severely disabling and clinically heterogeneous disease that manifests with disorders of thinking, motivation and emotions. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include decreased expression of emotions, poverty of speech, withdrawal from social contacts, anhedonia. They poorly respond to therapy, and their severity has the most significant impact on the functioning and quality of life of patients. Changes in systemic immunity in schizophrenia with pronounced negative symptoms are poorly studied. We have previously shown the relationship of elevated levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) with the severity of negative symptoms and with morphometric changes in the brain in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of a number of systemic immunity parameters (regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines and indicators of cell immunity) with the severity of negative symptoms and the disease severity in schizophrenia. The study included 94 patients treated in the Psychiatric Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, 66 of whom had pronounced negative symptoms. The control group consisted of 24 healthy volunteers. ELISA and multiplex analysis were used to determine cytokine levels, and multicolour flow cytometry was used to determine the parameters of cellular immunity. The level of circulating immune complexes was determined by immune turbodimetric analysis. Differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05. The results of the study showed that the majority of schizophrenia patients, regardless of the severity of negative symptoms, had an increase in the levels of cytokine IL-8. It was shown that the severity of negative symptoms was associated with increased levels of cytokines IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17E/IL-25 and IL-34. It was also revealed that patients with pronounced negative symptoms had a higher level of CD3-CD19-B cells compared to the control group, which, taking into account the changes of the cytokine profile, indicate possible activation of the B cell link of humoral immunity. The data obtained in this work indicate that in schizophrenia with pronounced negative symptoms and severe course of the disease, there is activation of immunoregulatory and Th2-mechanisms. The results contribute to the understanding of the role of immunity disorders in the pathogenesis of various clinical forms of schizophrenia.
KOLABORASI CLASSCRAFT DAN BING IMAGE CREATOR (AI) SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Saroh Siti , Nurhamidah Didah
Published: September 2024

Pada penelitian ini, penulis bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan terkait kolaborasi Classcraft dengan Bing Image Creator (AI) sebagai media pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan penjabaran analisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data berupa pendapat dan tanggapan 20 mahasiswa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan pengisian kuesioner yang telah disediakan oleh peneliti. Pengisian kuesioner dilakukan secara online melalui Google Form, yang disebarkan melalui platform WhatsApp. Kemudian,  data yang terkumpul dianalisis berdasarkan hasil diagram yang menunjukkan persentase. Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa terdapat beberapa mahasiswa yang masih belum mengetahui media pembelajaran Classcraft dan Bing Image Creator (AI). Namun, mahasiswa setuju bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis game dapat menciptakan kelas yang menarik dan interaktif, terutama dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam materi puisi.AbstractIn this research, the author aims to describe the collaboration between Classcraft and Bing Image Creator (AI) as a medium for learning the Indonesian language. This research employs a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data consists of opinions and responses from 20 students of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, majoring in Indonesian Language and Literature Education. The data collection techniques involve observation and the completion of questionnaires provided by the researcher. The questionnaires were filled out online via Google Forms and distributed through the WhatsApp platform. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed based on the results presented in diagrams showing percentages. The findings of the study revealed that some students were still unaware of the learning media Classcraft and Bing Image Creator (AI). However, the students agreed that game-based learning media can create an engaging and interactive classroom, especially in teaching the Indonesian language with a focus on poetry.
Witz und Fülle. Oder was heißt barock?: Eine Untersuchung entlang der Schriften Baltasar Graciáns
Authors: Schumm Johanna
Published: September 2024

Der barocke Witz ist von Fülle geprägt und barocke Fülle witzig. Verstanden als das Zusammenspiel von Witz und Fülle heißt barockes Denken Beziehungsdenken, barockes Schreiben konstellatives Schreiben, barockes Handeln situatives Handeln. Ausgehend von den Schriften des spanischen Jesuitenpaters Baltasar Gracián (1601–1658) entwirft Johanna Schumm das Barock als geprägt von einer Geisteskunst, die wesentlich Beziehungskunst ist. Nicht nur die Schriften Sigmund Freuds und Walter Benjamins, sondern etwa auch die Soziologie des Bürolebens bei Niklas Luhmann und die Konzeptkunst Damien Hirsts stehen in dieser verschütteten Tradition barocken Denkens. Das Zusammenspiel von Witz und Fülle entsteht historisch in dem Moment, als der das 15. und 16. Jahrhundert prägende Diskurs der Fülle (insbes. copia) auf den im 17. Jahrhundert zentralen Diskurs des Scharfsinns (insbes. acutezza agudeza) trifft. Witz und Fülle schreitet mit der Behandlung von Werken von Rabelais, Tesauro, Velázquez und anderen nicht nur einen weiten Horizont frühneuzeitlicher Literatur und Malerei ab, sondern belohnt auch mit einer Vielzahl überraschender Einsichten. Etwa wenn Graciáns Agudeza, Freuds Witz- und Benjamins Trauerspielbuch gemeinsam gelesen werden, Deleuze und Guattari sich als konzeptuelle Verbündete des jesuitischen Ästhetikers zu erkennen geben, oder dessen höfische Politik der Krise mit dem neoliberalen Arbeits- und Liebesmarkt ins Gespräch tritt. Diese Darstellung der Beziehungskunst rückt das Œuvre Graciáns ebenso wie die ganze hierdurch charakterisierte Epoche auf verblüffende Weise in ein neues Licht.
Enhancing Concrete Properties through Fly Ash Pelletized Aggregates and Fibre Reinforcement - A Review
Authors: C. Subhika , K. Ramadevi
Published: September 2024

This literature review examines recent studies in Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC), specifically focusing on utilizing fly ash pelletization and fibre reinforcement to enhance concrete properties. Fly ash, a by-product of coal combustion, has gathered attention because of its potential to be put forward as a critical component in creating lightweight aggregates. The process of pelletization, which involves forming fly ash into small, spherical pellets, has been shown to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting concrete. The process mainly includes the cold-bonded pelletization method, which consumes energy and is easy to use. The review gives fusion findings from various studies examining fly ash's role in producing lightweight aggregates and the impact of different additives and processes on the resulting material properties. Key insights reveal that incorporating silica fume, fly ash, and steel fibres remarkably improves concrete's compressive and bonding strengths. Additionally, the cold-bonded pelletization of fly ash and cement, especially when combined with Polypropylene (PP) and steel fibres, leads to enhanced aggregate properties, including strength, density, and water absorption. The review also highlights the importance of optimizing pelletization parameters and binder usage to improve the quality of lightweight aggregates and enhance the properties of concrete. Moreover, integrating hybrid fibres, such as carbon and polypropylene, enhances concrete's postpeak performance and flexibility. The findings suggest that these innovations in fly ash pelletization and fibre reinforcement improve mechanical performance and contribute to more sustainable and cost-effective concrete production. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, offering insights into the future direction of LWAC development.
LINEARITY OF SERVICE QUALITY AND PUBLIC SATISFACTION IN GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS
Authors: Susanti Andhini Indah , Ikawati Fina , Husniati Meylina , Aisah Iis , Siswoyo Mukarto , Khumayah Siti
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the relationship between service quality and community satisfaction in the outpatient installation of Kuningan Hospital. The research was carried out in May 2024 using a narrative descriptive method. Data collection was conducted using interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the research show that there is a significant difference in perceptions related to the quality of health services. The quality of administrative services was considered very satisfactory by most of the informants. The tangible dimension of the installation was considered satisfactory. In the responsiveness dimension, it was found that officers showed a high level of professionalism and responsiveness in providing the needed help and information. The assurance dimension showed that informants appreciated accurate information and professionalism of officers. The findings of the study could inform strategies to enhance service delivery and meet the public's expectations more effectively.
Konstruksi Budaya Minoritas Anti Speaker Desa Cibalung, Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor (Dilihat Dari Pengaruh Puritanism Islam)
Authors: Pudjo Hartono Sulistyo
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pembentukan budaya minoritas anti-speaker di Desa Cibalung, Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor yang dipengaruhi oleh puritanisme Islam di kawasan tersebut. Dengan capaian kualitatif dan metode penetnografi, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana mempertahankan nilai-nilai agama dan kebiasaan lokal terutama dalam menetapkan identitas kolektif unik komunitas tersebut. Penelitian tersebut menjabarkan keterlibatan tokoh kunci, proses pembangunan budaya anti speaker  dalam masyarakat, dan dampaknya pada hubungan komunitas. Sambil menggunakan kerangka teoretis dari Pierre Bourdieu, penelitian ini meneliti proses habitus identitas kolektif yang meliputi dinamika kekuasaan, serta modal dan mode kolektifitas sebagai kekuatan publik. Penelitian ini juga mengamati bagaimana resistensi komunitas anti-speaker dalam menavigasi tantangan modernitas dan mengkendalikan identitas mereka ketika melintasi batas negara bahkan di era globlisasi. Wawancara mendalam, pengamatan partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen diharapkan menghasilkan kajian mendalam tentang pembentukan budaya minoritas dan resistensi terhadap perkembangan modernisasi dan globalisasi
Detection of Bean Rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) Disease Under Field Conditions Using Thermal Imaging
Authors: Erdoğan Hilal
Published: September 2024

Among the factors causing yield losses in agricultural fields, plant diseases are known to be one of the most significant. For many years, pesticides have been used to combat these diseases. However, due to the unintended toxic effects of pesticides on non-target organisms in recent years, there have been restrictions on their usage. Therefore, there has been an increased interest in alternative methods to chemical control in combating plant diseases. Among these alternative methods, thermal imaging, widely used within the scope of precision agriculture practices, holds a significant position. This study aims to detect bean rust disease (Agent: Uromyces appendiculatus) at an early stage using thermal imaging methods. According to the obtained results, it has been determined that leaves infected with the pathogen have a temperature approximately 2 ºC lower than healthy leaves. Surface temperatures of healthy and infected leaves were measured at 60-minute intervals for three weeks. Throughout this three-week period, it was observed that the average daily temperatures of infected leaves and healthy leaves were below ambient temperatures. Thermal imaging is considered to play a crucial role in the potential early detection of plant diseases.
Potential risks to women’s land rights from climate actions: Exploring matrilineal communities in Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panama
Authors: Salcedo-La Viña Celine , Martinez Anamaría , Vallejos Patricia Quijano
Published: September 2024

This paper explores ways in which global actions to tackle climate change can potentially undermine women’s land tenure security. While there is greater cognizance of the role of secure land tenure as a critical enabler of global climate goals, climate actions that fail to account for differential tenure systems and gender dynamics risk eroding women’s customary land rights and associated social support systems. The paper recommends ways to balance climate goals with land rights protection.
AN ANALYSIS OF BILATERAL TRADE RELATION BETWEEN TURKEY AND RUSSIA: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR
Authors: Kurt Gümüş Gülüzar , Kramskova Marina
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study examines Turkey's bilateral trade intercourse with Russia in order to identify potentialities and problems for Turkey caused by the Russia-Ukraine War. Method/Design/Methodology/Approach: In the course of the study, with the help of descriptive statistics and calculations of trade indices such as trade intensity and trade complementarity indices, the current state of Russian-Turkish trade was examined. Afterwards, commodity sectors in which supply is expected to fall due to international companies’ suspension of businesses were identified. Next, the revealed comparative advantage index and its dynamic form were calculated to assess Turkey's potentialities to export commodities of the identified sectors to Russia and to highlight commodities groups where export policy should be improved. Thus, the study considers Russia and Turkey not as competitors, but as partners. Findings: It has been concluded that the countries have tight-connections and, to a certain extent, are dependent on one another. Both Russia and Turkey can benefit from further intensifying bilateral trade and improving partnership in other spheres as well. Originality: There is substantial literature comparing Russia and Turkey with other countries, trade blocks or with each other, mainly these two countries are counterposed from a competition perspective. This article, on the contrary, evaluates how cooperation and bilateral trade can improve the economic situation of both Russia and Turkey.
POSTMODERN DÖNEMDE DİJİTAL DENEYİMLER IŞIĞINDA DEĞİŞEN TÜKETİCİ KİMLİK, TERCİH VE TUTUMLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Altun Cenk , Yıldırım Figen
Published: September 2024

Hayatlarımızda özellikle son otuz yıldır, teknolojik bir devrim yaşanmakta olup insan yapımı dijital bir evren inşa edilmektedir. 20. yüzyılda bilgisayarlar ve internetle başlayan süreç, üretimlerin artık robotlar tarafından yapılmasına, yapay zekanın ortaya çıkmasına, üretimlerin üç boyutlu yazıcılarla evlere inmesine, büyük miktardaki veri yığınlarının, yapılan analizlerle amaca yönelik olarak işlenip değerlendirilmesine evrilerek hayatlarımızın her bir noktasında yer bulan dijitalleşme sayesinde bugün artık söz konusu dijital evren inşasının tüm ön aşamaları tamamlanmış durumdadır. İçinde bulunduğumuz ve postmodern dönem olarak bilinen bu dönemde ortaya çıkan en büyük farklılıklardan bir tanesi benliğin belki de ilk kez bir nesneye dönüşmüş olması; üretilen, pazarlanan bir ürüne dönüşmesidir. Amaç: Tüketici taleplerine göre üretim yeniden şekillenmiş; fizyolojik ihtiyaçların karşılamasının yanı sıra psikolojik ve sosyolojik ihtiyaçlarının da dikkate alınmaları birer gereklilik olmuştur. Yüksek teknolojilerle yaratılmakta olan gelecekte yer alabilmek ve literatüre bu anlamda katkı sağlamak adına günümüz tüketici benliklerinin sanal evrendeki olası dijital tüketici davranış ve deneyimlerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma verileri LİSREL 8.7 ve SPSS 25.0 ile değerlendirilmiştir; her bir değişken ayrı birer ölçek olarak kabul edilerek ayrı ayrı geçerlilik ve güvenirlilikleri incelenmiştir. Hipotezler çıktılarının araştırılmasında yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılmış, sağlanan sonuçların dağılımları için normal dağılım analizlerinden ve merkezi eğilim değerlendirmelerinden faydalanılmıştır. Bulgular: Müşteri deneyimine yönelik geleneksel/dijital alanlardaki geniş literatürden yararlanılarak, çevrimiçi deneyimlerden elde edilen verilerin analizi ile çevrimiçi müşteri deneyimine yönelik kapsamlı bir kavramsal model geliştirilmiş ve dijital uygulamaların bu deneyimlere göre tekrar kullanımlarına yönelik tutumlar araştırılmış, çevrimiçi müşteri deneyiminin bileşenleri ve sonuçları arasındaki bağlantılar ortaya koyulmuştur. Özgünlük: Çalışmada üç model bir arada kullanılarak bir model oluşturulmuş, tüketicilerin dijital ortamdaki kullanıma yönelim tutumları farklı yönlerden incelenmiştir. Tüketicilerin sanal ortamlarda kazandıkları bilişsel ve duygusal deneyimlerinin, ortamın ve cihazların niteliklerinin, algılanan faydanın ve memnuniyetin ve çevresel unsurların tutumlarına yönelik etkileri incelenmiş bu sayede dijital satın alım ve kullanım için gerekli olan unsurların belirlenmesine katkı sağlamıştır.
DEMOKRATİK YAŞAM, DİJİTAL PROPAGANDA VE PROPAGANDA EĞİTİMİ
Authors: Sezgin Büyükalaca Ayşe Aslı , Yolcu Tuğba
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Dijital medyanın baskın rolünün hissedildiği bir ortamda propaganda, farklı eğitim kademelerinde ve farklı disiplinler içinde eğitim sürecine dahil edilmektedir. Propagandayı şeytanileştirmek yerine propaganda eğitimi aracılığı ile demokratik sürecin bir parçası olarak bu kavramı değerlendirmek sorgulamayı, diyaloğu, eleştirel düşünebilmeyi sağlayacaktır. Çalışmanın kavramsal temelleri, İletişim Çalışmaları Profesörü Renee Hobbs’un 2021 yılında ABD Yayıncılar Derneği tarafından Sosyal Bilimler alanında mükemmellik ödülü alan Mind Over Media: Propaganda Education for a Digital Age isimli kitabında yer alan fikirleri ve özellikle beneficial propaganda (faydalı propaganda) kavramı üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Yöntem/Tasarım / Metodoloji / Yaklaşım: Çalışmada, 5 kişilik İletişim Bilimleri Bölümü öğrencileri ve 5 kişilik Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü öğrencilerinden oluşan iki grup ile round-robin beyin fırtınası yöntemi aracılığı ile döngüsel fikir alışverişi oturumu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu oturumlarda, farklı kategorilerdeki güncel dijital propaganda içerikleri katılımcılarla paylaşılmış ve soru formlarında yer alan yarı yapılandırılmış sorular aracılığı ile bu içerikleri döngüsel bir biçimde çözümlemeleri istenmiştir. Bulgular: Bulgular aracılığı ile propaganda eğitiminin, tüm bu içerik bombardımanı karşısında, eleştirel düşünme, sorgulama ve diyalog geliştirmeye yönelik katkısı vurgulanmıştır. Özgünlük: Özellikle dijitalleşmenin gündelik yaşamdaki etkisi dikkate alındığında, dijital propagandayı tanımlaması ve propaganda eğitimine yönelik bir değerlendirme yapması sebebiyle bu çalışma özgün bir değere sahiptir.