bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fusion of C2 and C3: embryological and clinical perspective
Authors: Kaushal Parul , Bhukya Subhash
Published: April 2021

Skeletal abnormalities in the upper cervical region may result in severe neck ache, altered mobility, muscular weakness and sensory deficits. Fused cervical vertebrae (FCV) have been reported in literature, however cases with fused articular facets have scarcely been documented. During routine osteology demonstration, we came across fused axis and the 3rd cervical vertebra. There was complete fusion of the vertebral arch on the left side along with complete fusion between the inferior articular facet of C2 and superior articular facet of C3. There was partial fusion between the bodies of the vertebrae and the right half of the vertebral arch. Owing to the vital role of this region in various neck movements and spinal alignment, knowledge of such asymmetric variations in the upper cervical region, is of immense importance to orthopedicians, radiologists, neurosurgeons, anaesthetists, physiotherapists.Keywords: intubation, synostosis, axis, block vertebrae
Retracted: Cadaveric study on variations of the cystic artery in a Zambian population
Authors: Sing`ombe Isaac , Nambule Vivienne , Mutalife Fridah , Mutemwa Sikhanyiso , Kafumukache Elliot , Erzingastian Krikor
Published: April 2021

This article has been retracted by the authors. An incorrect dataset was used, therefore the resullts are misleading.The main source of blood supply to the gall bladder is the cystic artery which is a branch of the right hepatic artery. Anatomical variations of the cystic artery are frequent. Thus, careful dissection of the Calot`s triangle is necessary for conventional and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The knowledge of variations of the origin, course, and length of the cystic artery is important for the surgeon as bleeding from the cystic artery during cholecystectomy can lead to death. Forty-three post-mortem human cadavers at the University Teaching Hospitals, Pathology Department, Lusaka were dissected and examined over a period of five weeks, to establish the origin, length and course of the cystic artery. And to establish the relationship of the cystic artery to the cystic duct. Out of the 43 human cadavers, the cystic artery was found to be originating from the right hepatic artery in 37 cases (86%), from hepatic artery proper in four cases (9.3%), from the left hepatic artery in one case (2.3%) and liver parenchyma in one case (2.3%). In the forty (93%) cadavers dissected, only one cystic artery was identified and in three (7%) others there were two arteries detected. The cystic artery length ranged from 2 – 6 cm (mean 3.53± 0.962 cm). The cystic artery was found to be inside Calot`s triangle in 37 cases (86%) while in four cases (9.3%) it was outside the Calot`s triangle. The cystic artery was found to be passing supero-medial to the cystic duct in 40 cases (93%) while in two cases (4.7%) the cystic artery was passing anterior to the cystic duct and one (2.3%) was unrelated (from the gall bladder bed) to the cystic duct. Demographic characteristic (gender and age) had no statistically significant association to variations of cystic artery (p>0.005). Six (16.2%) of males had variants of cystic artery and no females had variants of the cystic artery. Variations of the cystic artery origin, length, its course through the Calot`s triangle and its relation to the cystic duct are common. Knowledge of these variations is important and helpful in preventing and controlling haemorrhage or avoiding other complications during conventional and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Keywords: Cystic artery, Cholecystectomy, Calot`s triangle
Retracted: Reappraisal of the accessory internal thoracic artery
Authors: Schickerling Jacomay Aletta , Van Niekerk Kathleen , Wessels Quenton , Du Plessis Adéle
Published: April 2021

This article has been retracted by the Editor.The accessory internal thoracic artery (AITA) is a variably large branch of the initial portion of the internal thoracic artery (ITA). The AITA has been neglected as an important anatomical structure and has been identified as the culprit for the “steal-syndrome” of coronary blood flow after the use of the ITA in coronary artery revascularisation. A cadaveric study of 50 cadavers was performed to investigate the occurrence of the AITA. We found 10 (20%) out of the 50 cadavers examined, presented with AITAs either bilaterally (4%) or unilaterally (16%). Five of the eight unilateral specimens showed a left-sided appearance of the AITA. Fourteen percent of the AITAs were found in cadavers of Mixed-race (Coloured) and 6% in individuals of African descent. Knowledge of the AITA is essential for any thoracic surgeon, during the preparation of the ITA for coronary revascularisation. Data from or study supports the notion that the AITA is a highly variable structure with little correlates based on ethnicity. The AITA appear to be found more often on the left in unilateral specimens.Keywords: Accessory, Internal Thoracic artery
Histological staining properties of Khaya senegalensis wood dust extracts: a preliminary study
Authors: Azubuike Nkiruka C. , Ikele Ikenna T. , Onyemelukwe Anulika O. , Maduakor Uzoamaka C. , Onwukwe Okechukwu S. , Maduakor-Oparah Chioma L. , Chukwu Ikechukwu J. , Okoye Rita O.
Published: April 2021

Crude aqueous and methanol extracts of Khaya senegalensis wood dust were employed as histological stains for the demonstration of general tissue architecture. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted. Mixtures of the extracts of K. senegalensis in acidic, alkaline and neutral solutions were used to stain tissue sections. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that K. senegalensis extracts contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and reducing sugars. Optimum staining time was 15 minutes for both extracts and they stained the tissues in different shades of red and brown in the various media used. The best and worst stain uptake of tissues was observed with both extracts in alkaline and neutral media respectively. Mordant preparation of the extracts produced no significant staining difference from the non-mordant preparations. Staining solutions of the extracts have better affinity for the cellular cytoplasm and hence gave a good contrast when compared with Hematoxylin and Eosin control sections. In conclusion, Khaya senegalensis wood extract is a promising histological stain for the demonstration of general tissue architecture.Keywords: Khaya senegalensis, wood dust, stain, histology, mordant
Variant anatomy of the testicular artery among black Kenyans
Authors: Mpekethu Nelson , Gichangi Peter , Olabu Beda , Odula Paul , Munguti Jeremiah , Misiani Musa , Ogeng’o Julius A.
Published: April 2021

Variant anatomy of the testicular artery is important for safe surgery in the retroperioneal area, and accurate diagnosis of testicular and renal disease. The pattern of origin, number, course and branching display ethnic and geographical variations. Data from black African populations and especially Eastern Africa is scarce. The objective of this study was, therefore, to describe the topography of the intraabdominal part of testicular artery in a sample of the Kenyan population. This was a descriptive crosssectional study on one hundred (100) testicular arteries at the Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi. The samples were obtained from autopsy cases and cadaveric specimens. Standard midline abdominal incisions were made, flaps of the anterior abdominal wall reflected and the intestines, mesentery and pariental peritoneum retracted systematically to expose the testicular arteries. Their site and level of origin, number, course and branching were examined. Macrographs of representative variations were taken using a high resolution digital camera. The results were analysed using SPSS version 21, and are presented using macrographs and frequency tables. Thirty three (33%) of the arteries displayed a variant anatomy, with regard to their site of origin (8%), number (4%), course (14%) and branching pattern (7%). Among the 14 cases of aberrant course, five (5%) arched over the left renal vein, eight (8%) were retrocaval and one (1%) had a retroureteric course. Seven (7%) bifurcated within the abdomen. The level of origin along the aorta varied from 1 centimetre above the renal arteries to 5.5 centimetres below them while the vertebral level of origin ranged from T12 to L4. This shows that the testicular artery among Kenyans displays a high prevalence of variant anatomy characterized by origin from the accessory renal artery, high level of aortic origin, duplication, retrocaval course and intraabdominal; division. Preopertaive evaluation of renal and gonadal vasculature is recommended to minimize misdiagnosis and inadvertent injury retroperitoneal surgery.
Gestational and neurodevelopmental effects of black mustard seeds' (Brassica nigra) extract in wistar rats
Authors: Enaibe Bernard Ufuoma , Arogundade Tolulope Timothy , Adigun Oluwaseun , Adigun Foyeke Munirat , Yawson Emmanuel Olusola , Tokunbo Olorunfemi
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the effect of the crude aqueous extract of Brassica nigra (Black Mustard Seeds) in gestation and on the prefrontal cortex of newborn Wistar rats at different doses following prenatal administration. Eighteen (18) adult female rats weighing an average of 180±10g were used. The female rats were split into 3 groups of six animals; Group A received distilled water throughout gestation, Group B received 200 mg/kg body weight of extract throughout gestation, and Group C received 100 mg/kg body weight of extract throughout gestation). Rat pups from the experimental groups were sacrificed on postnatal days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 and subsequently prepared through routine histological and histochemical procedures. Brassica nigra was abortifacient at 200 mg/kg body weight and reduced litter size at 100 mg/kg body weight. No observed physical deformities in pups of treated groups. Comparative prefrontal microarchitecture revealed little to no alteration in the treated group. This study concludes that Brassica nigra (black mustard) is not totally innocuous and as such, should be moderately consumed or totally avoided in pregnancy.Keywords: Brassica nigra; Mustard seeds; Gestation; Neurodevelopment.
Length of orbital margins of dry skulls in a local Pakistani population
Authors: Rasheed Ammara , Hina Mohtasham , Kuraishi Raafea Tafweez
Published: April 2021

Orbit is an important bony cavity which lodges eyeball and associated  structures for our fundamental sense of vision. Knowledge regarding  accurate morphometric measurements of its margins and depth will help in diagnosis and treatment plans of various optic functions. Previous studies showed racial differences in different populations we want to collect data in local population of Asian region as we are lacking data in this region. This study was carried out on 64 bony orbits of 32 dry Asian human skulls. Measurements from right and left bony orbits were taken by digital vernier calipers in millimeters and entered in SPSS 18.0 for calculation of mean and standard deviation.Results were obtained from different orbital margins. Right superior, inferior, medial and lateral orbital margins showed results as 31.30 ± 2.329 mm, 33.59 ± 3.35 mm, 29.57 ± 2.28 mm and 28.37 ± 2.023 mm respectively. While left superior, inferior, medial and lateral orbital margins were 30.944 ± 2.1080 mm, 31.19 ± 2.54 mm, 29.567 ± 2.36 mm and 28.14 ± 2.286 mm respectively. Right sided depth from optic canal to frontomaxillary suture was 41.40 ± 2.88 and left sided depth was 39.93 ± 3.33 mm. Data collected in Asian population showed differences from other races. This study covers important area regarding helpful in surgeries of this region as precise measurements could avoid injuries and postoperative complications.Key Words: Orbital Margin, Pakistan
A study on tongue rolling, tongue folding and cerumen type in a Nigeria population
Authors: Abimbola Ebeye Oladunni
Published: April 2021

This study investigated Variation in cerumen type, tongue rolling and tongue folding abilities of the Esan people of Southern Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey investigated 400 volunteered adult subjects (176 males and 224 females) between the ages of 18 and 60 whose parents and grandparents were of Esan ethnicity. The tongue and ear wax type were observed and examined physically thus classifying subjects into rollers/none-rollers, folders/none-folders and dry or wet cerumen type. Results indicates that tongue rollers (72.9%) were more than non-rollers (27.3%), in the same vein, tongue folders (68.3%) were also more than non-folders (31.7%) in the studied population. A larger percentage of the population also had wet ear wax (65%) while (35%) had dry ear wax. The chisquared analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference (P<0.05) between those who can roll their tongue and those who cannot, those that could fold their tongue and those who cannot as well as between those with wet ear wax and dry ear wax. This study therefore provides data on the distribution of tongue rollers, tongue folders as well as variability in cerumen type. This data can be of importance to the anthropologist and forensic investigators.Keywords: Variation, Genetics, Inheritance, tongue rolling, tongue folding, cerumen type
The dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language: Butchers’ terminologies to the rescue?
Authors: Olajuyin O.A. , Olajide T.G. , Akanbi T.A. , Ikotun R.O.
Published: April 2021

The need to replace foreign-language medical terms with indigenous terms has prompted researchers to search for indigenous equivalents of the foreign medical terms. This study which focused on the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language was an attempt to examine the adoptability of butchers’ terminologies as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. Practising butchers in the South West Nigeria were interviewed on their terminologies for cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs and the basis for each terminology. The butchers’ terminologies, in Yorùbá language were critically appraised for adoptability as anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs. The study observed that cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs were grossly similar to those of humans. Majority (65%) of the cow’s abdomino-thoracic organs are named by the butchers’ in traditional Yorùbá terminologies. The butchers’ terminologies were etymologically derived based on pre-existing concepts similar to the modern terminologies derived from the ancient Greek and Latin words. About 25% of the butchers’ terminologies were the same with some human anatomical terminologies which were in use by the health care professionals. The terminologies concur with the cultural attitudes of the Yorùbá with reference to the private parts of the human body and majority (80%) of the butchers’ terminologies is simple  and familiar to the people. Given these characteristic features, we concluded that the butchers’ terminologies are strongly adoptable as descriptive anatomical terms for human abdomino-thoracic organs and may resolve the dearth of standard anatomical terminologies in Yorùbá language. The  findings may form a baseline for future studies on the translation of anatomical terminologies to Yorùbá language.

Key words: Anatomical terms; Butchers terms; Abdomino-thoracic organs; Yorùbá language.
Neuroprotective potentials of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extract on cadmium-induced toxicity in postnatal developing cerebellum of rats
Authors: Ohiorenuan Imosemi Innocent , Wuraola Mustapha Olufunke
Published: April 2021

The neuroprotective potemtials of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extract on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in postnatal developing cerebellum of rats. Twenty-five pregnant Wistar rats (110-200g) were divided into five groups (n=5) and used for the experiment. Group I served as control and received water, Group II received 0.5mg/kg of Cadmium only, Group III received 50mg/kg aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum only, Group IV received 0.5mg/kg body weight of cadmium+50mg/kg aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum and Group V received 0.5mg/kg of cadmium +200mg/kg of vitamin C, orally from the first day of gestation to postnatal day 21. Lycopersicon esculentum was administered one hour before the administration of cadmium. Neurobehavioural tests was done on the pups of day 21. Then, pups of day 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 were weighed, sacrificed and their brains dissected out, weighed with the cerebellum preserved for biochemical and histomorphological evaluations. Data were analysed using ANOVA at p < 0.05. Cadmium-treated rats showed significant decreased in body and brain weight, decreased time spent on the forelimb grip, increased negative geotaxis, increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), and decreased glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the developing cerebellum. Histologically, there was persistent external granular layer (EGL), reduced molecular layer (ML) thickness and increased astrocytes population in the cerebellar cortex of cadmium-treated day 21pups. Lycopersicon esculentum extract and vitamin C reversed the behavioural and morphological alterations induced by cadmium toxicity. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress, behavioural deficit and morphological alterations in the postnatal developing cerebellum of rat was ameliorated by Lycopersicon esculentum fruit extracts as such may be a potential neuroprotective agent.

Key words: Cadmium - oxidative stress - Lycopersicon esculentum – Neurobehaviour - Developing cerebellar cortex
Living Together in the Plankton: A Survey of Marine Protist Symbioses
Authors:   Biology, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, U.S.A., Anderson O. Roger
Published: April 2021

Our best evidence is that life arose in the marine environment, and over many millennia of evolutionary proliferation, punctuated by occasional massive extinctions, marine protists have developed remarkably elegant and sometimes complex relationships with prokaryotic and eukaryotic symbionts. Current evidence of the range of marine protist taxa possessing symbionts, including their diversity and physiological functional relationships, is reviewed within an ecological context. Some perspectives are presented on potential opportunities for new avenues of research in unraveling the remarkable adaptive value of two or more genetically diverse marine unicellular organisms living in a close structural and physiological relationship.
PARA SEVGİSİ ve FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK İLİŞKİSİ: ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ÖNEM Hüseyin Başar
Published: April 2021

Son dönemlerde finansal okuryazarlık kavramı araştırmacılar tarafından yoğun bir şekilde incelenmektedir. Davranışsal finans anlamında finansal okuryazarlığa etki eden kişilik özellikleri de bu araştırmalarda büyük önem taşımaktadır. Para sevgisi de bu kişilik özellikleri arasında değerlendirilebilecek yapıdadır. Çünkü para sevgisi de finansal okuryazarlıkla ilgili konulardan bir tanesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir devlet üniversitesinde okuyan, Teknoloji Fakültesi, Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu, sosyal bilimlerde eğitime devam eden Uygulamalı Bilimler Fakültesi ve sosyal bilimler programları olan Bir Meslek Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin finansal okuryazarlık algısını, para sevgisi kişilik özellikleri boyutunda analiz etmektir. Çalışma kapsamında 446 ankete cevap verilmiş olup, gerekli incelemelerden sonra 61 anket çıkarılarak kalan 385 anket analize dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli ile analiz yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda değişkenler arasında orta seviyede ve düşük seviyede ilişki tespit edilmiş olup, para sevgisinin finansal okuryazarlığa etkisi bulunamamıştır.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN JOB-HOPPING ATTITUDE AND TURNOVER BEHAVIOR: A JOB SATISFACTION PERSPECTIVE IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Ali Md. Chapol , Islam K. M. Anwarul , Chung Soojin , Zayed Nurul Mohammad , Islam Mohammad Rakibul
Published: April 2021

A worker is a company’s principal power base. Recently, the employment and turnover rates of employees have risen very high for several reasons. It was still a matter of great importance to organizations. This study focuses on the multiple reasons for work saving and turnover behaviors at different workers levels in Bangladesh. This research focuses on various factors. Through this hypothesis, the key methods to determine the independent variables are studied, including worker satisfaction, job quality, employee facilities, and employee dependent variables, employment and turnover rates. A correlation between the independent and dependent variables has been identified. A survey of 150 respondents working at various levels in Bangladeshi organizations was performed with the hypothesis-based questioner. The data obtained through the survey and statistically analyzed using tools for data analysis (SPSS). In this study, the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables was analyzed through descriptive statistics, reliability analysis and inference analysis. The study of linear and multi-linear regression on these parameters indicates the purpose of the reversal. Based on the results; the theoretical issues will be validated. This study explores the key explanation for this and establishes a research paradigm to minimize Bangladesh’s high turnover.

JEL Classification Codes: J62, J28, J63.
Funcionamiento familiar y ansiedad estado-rasgo en adolescentes
Authors: García-Rodríguez Danyelo , García-Rodríguez Crover
Published: April 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre Funcionamiento Familiar y Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo. La muestra fue de 212 adolescentes. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: la Escala de Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar (FACES IV) y el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (IDARE), encontrando una relación negativa de intensidad leve entre funcionamiento familiar y ansiedad estado-rasgo. Además, se encontró una relación negativa altamente significativa entre satisfacción familiar y ansiedad estado, así como entre satisfacción familiar y ansiedad-rasgo, con coeficientes de correlación de -0,42 y -0,44, respectivamente, con un tamaño del efecto leve para ambas. La insatisfacción devenida por extremos en la cohesión, así como por estilos inflexibles o extremadamente flexibles y por una comunicación deficiente entre los integrantes de la familia, generan en estos últimos problemas de ansiedad, de corta o larga data. Se concluye, por tanto, que hay evidencia de una relación negativa de intensidad leve estadísticamente significativa entre funcionamiento familiar y ansiedad estado-rasgo.
El alcoholismo adolescente y sus efectos en el desempeño académico
Authors: Cedeño Carrasco Yenny Piedad , Aspiazu Miranda Rosa Apolonia , Mazacon Vásquez Lourdes Lastenia , Suárez Berruz Lidia Piedad
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es conocer desde el origen y efecto del alcoholismo adolescente, enfocando dichos efectos en el desempeño académico. El problema radica en como los adolescentes se dejan influenciar por diversos factores y se inducen al mundo de los excesos de alcohol, trayendo como efecto el bajo desempeño académico, ya que disminuye su nivel de aprendizaje. La importancia de conocer el origen es fundamental, ya que este permitirá plantear soluciones y propuestas para disminuir o erradicar el consumo adolescente de alcohol, tomamos como muestra a los estudiantes de la unidad educativa “Seis de Octubre de Ventanas” y la comunidad educativa que le conforma. El análisis del resultado se obtuvo de realizar tabulación de las encuestas aplicadas que nos permitió plantear las conclusiones y recomendaciones para erradicar la dependencia del alcohol en los jóvenes adolescentes. La metodología de la investigación es la modalidad de campo a través de un proyecto factible que permitirá la aplicación de la propuesta para solucionar el problema.
La danza folclórica en el proceso de aprendizaje en los estu-diantes de educación básica
Authors: Cedeño Carrasco Mercedes Mireya , Valenzuela Litardo Erika Johanna , Ferruzola Cruz Betty Elena , Zamora Moreno Anna Bertha
Published: April 2021

La danza desde tiempo muy remoto se ha constituido den una de las manifestaciones culturales más practicadas y aplaudidas por el género humano, en todos los estratos sociales y sin duda en su abstracción. Solo la fuerza y el poder del hombre ha permitido acogerse por diferentes corrientes ideológicas, importa de manera especial a la tarea educativa que cotidianamente se desarrollen diversas actividades culturales, que nos permitan trabajar con una mirada que pueda situar a los sujetos que conviven en el ámbito escolar desde sus caracteres de identidad grupal, recuperando la danza u la música como recurso que puede rescatar estos aportes desde la lúdica del movimiento, la danza como cualquier arte, producto de la actividad humana de sobrevivencia y búsqueda de placer estético, su origen como todo en la sociedad se desarrolla culturalmente. La danza antes de ascender a un escenario y convertirse en genero artístico fue usada hasta para rituales y conjuros mágicos y religiosos. En la actualidad la danza folklorica ha adquirido nuevas connotaciones, tratos, formas y contenidos, se ha convertido en una actividad profesional, en una actividad empresarial y en una actividad lúdica y poco, pero más importante es que se ha hecho vital como elemento formativo en la educación, convirtiéndose en una herramienta y en una forma necesaria de educar y finalmente en un elemento constitutivo de identidades, su trato es altamente diverso y diferenciado.
Fluido de corte biodegradable a base de aceite de piñón (jatropha curcas)
Authors: Morales-Tamayo Yoandrys , Carrasco-Viteri Bryan , Zamora-Hernández Yusimit , Barzaga-Quesada Joao , Morales-Torres Marioxy
Published: April 2021

Los fluidos de corte de base natural representan una buena alternativa como referencia para reemplazar a los fluidos de corte derivados del petróleo debido a varios factores como la degradación natural, buenas propiedades lubricantes y bajos costos de producción. Con el fin de determinar sus condiciones físicas y de biodegradabilidad se desarrollaron pruebas para predecir cuánto tiempo demora su degradación en el medio ambiente. Se realizó un estudio de las propiedades químicas-físicas y de biodegradabilidad de un fluido de corte obtenido del aceite de piñón (Jatropha Curcas) para su posterior utilización en el proceso de mecanizado. El porcentaje de degradación se analiza evaluando las mediciones de la relación DBO / DQO tomadas en diferentes momentos. El fluido de corte propuesto muestra propiedades físico-químicas favorables para ser utilizado en las operaciones de mecanizado. Las pruebas realizadas que el fluido es altamente biodegradable teniendo en cuenta la relación DBO / DQO, con un valor del 64,8% a los 21 días.
Terra, Teto e Trabalho: Direitos Humanos e a Doutrina Social da Igreja do Papa Francisco
Authors: Castro Chaves Robson Ribeiro de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo visa analisar os discursos do Papa Francisco em seu pontificado e sua proposta de atualização da Doutrina Social da Igreja à nossa realidade. Buscar-se-ão em seus pronunciamentos e documentos pontifícios dados pertinentes ao tema e seus desdobramentos no campo ético-político-social atrelando esta realidade aos direitos humanos. Analisar-se-á o tema Terra, Teto e Trabalho – os três T’s – e suas realidades na Igreja, na sociedade e no desenvolvimento humano integral. Buscar-se-á, ainda, refletir sobre a realidade da economia capitalista que não colabora para o desenvolvimento humano. O capitalismo atual que mata e legitima uma competição desenfreada em prol do lucro. Assim, frente aos dados apresentados, observar-se-á a relação do indivíduo com a economia, sua afinidade e dependência do sistema capitalista. Por fim, apresentar-se-á a relação do Papa Francisco e os direitos humanos e seu papel primordial para com os mais frágeis e desfavorecidos. Palavras-chave: Doutrina Social da Igreja. Direitos Humanos. Papa Francisco. Terra.
Frequent Faculty Turnover: Challenge for HEIs in Urban Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Akhter Faheem
Published: April 2021

There is a rapid growth in Higher Education Institution (HEIs) of Pakistan in couple of years. These HEIs need qualified faculty to produce quality alumni, however somehow or the other retention of quality faculty is a challenge for HEIs. This research is carried out with an endeavors to find out the causes of frequently turnover of faculty in Higher Education Institution (HEIs) in Karachi. 22 item questionnaires were used to collect the data from the faculty of renowned private sector HEIs of Karachi. For the sample of 280 Multiple Regression Analysis and Principal Component Factor Analysis were applied to interrogate the hypotheses. Results indicated that there is a significant relationship between career progression and the faculty turnover whereas Compensation & benefits and job stress have insignificant impact.
TIME COURSE STUDY OF COMBINED N-ACETYL-P-AMINOPHENOL AND DICLOPHENAC INDUCED-HEPATOTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Dosumu O. A , Akinloye D. I. , Onunkwor O. B. , Thomas F. C. , Adeyemo R. A.
Published: April 2021

The abuse of combined acetaminophen or N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP) and diclofenac (DIC) due to their analgesics, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties is a predominant cause of hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. This study investigated the time-course effects of APAP, DIC and their combination on biomarkers of hepatic function and oxidative stress in rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 animals each as follows; control (distilled water), APAP only, DIC only and APAP + DIC for 4 weeks. Indices of liver damage (serum ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase and bilirubin) were measured. Oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA, malondialdehyde; NO, nitric oxide; CAT, Catalase activity; SOD, superoxide dismutase activity; GSH content, reduced glutathione), GR, glutathione reductase, and GST, glutathione-S-transferase) were also determined using spectrophotometric methods. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA with p < 0.05 considered significant. Acetaminophen and diclofenac caused marked liver damage as noted by time-dependent significant (p < 0.05) increased activities of serum ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and bilirubin levels as well as significant (p < 0.05) increase in hepatic MDA and NO levels as compared to the control group. Hepatic GSH content, SOD, CAT, GPx, GST and GR activities were decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all acetaminophen and diclofenac-treated groups compared to normal control in a time-dependent manner. These findings suggest that prolonged administration of diclofenac, acetaminophen or their combination may induce hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and alteration of hepatic antioxidant status in a time-dependent manner.
Psychophysiological characteristics of female medical students of the mid Ob region
Authors:   Surgut State University, Russia, Litovchenko O.S. , Maksimova A.S. ,   Surgut State University, Russia, Barseghyan S.T. ,   Surgut State University, Russia
Published: April 2021

The article presents the results of a research of the functional state of the central nervous system of medical students studying in a Northern region. The study was based on such parameters of variational chronoreflexometry as the latent period of a simple visual-motor reaction, CNS functional level, response level, the functional level of the system. The study involved 94 girls of 1-2 years of study; the average age of students was 19.7±1.59 years. The analysis of the CNS characteristics of female students re-vealed a slightly reduced level of performance, combined with signs of the inhibition process, fatigue and body stress-reaction to the hypocomfort climatogeographic educational environment. The reduced functional level of the central nervous system and the latent period of response to visual stimuli in most of the examined students indicated weaker perceptual processes and lower psychomotor control of the body activity.
CHANGING SUGAR CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN PAKISTAN AND INCREASING SUGAR INDUSTRY'S PROFITABILITY
Authors:   KASB Institute of Technology., Chhapra Imran Umer
Published: April 2021

Purpose- Major aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of price hike and purchasing power on sugar consumption pattern of individuals in Pakistan. The constant rising prices of food commodities including sugar, and the sugar crises the country mostly is seen caught into prompted researcher to conduct this study. Methodology/sample- The study involved use of questionnaires filled by 240 respondents and financial data of three sugar mills for the period of 2010-11 for financial analysis. The respondent individuals belonged to different age groups, social classes and areas of residence. To analyze the data, Regression, ANOVA and Correlation tests were applied. Data from three different sugar mills from three different provinces of Pakistan was also collected and financial analysis of their annual reports was conducted to determine their growing profits. Findings- The analysis and comparative results clearly suggested that individuals in Pakistan have decreased their sugar consumption due to increasing prices, while sugar mills are earning huge profits. It was also concluded that higher profits earned by the sugar mills was due to artificial shortage created by cartel making by the sugar mill owners in Pakistan. Practical Implications- The outcomes of the research might help the corporate decision makers, government policy formulators and other related quarters to understand the impact of rising prices of commodities in Pakistan and to understand the overall dynamics and mechanism of sugar sector in Pakistan.
System Level Simulation of Energy-Detection Based UWB Receivers
Authors:   Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran, Yargholi Mostafa
Published: April 2021

The performance of a non-coherent UWB receiver with Binary pulse position modulation is simulated with MATLAB; taking into account the effect of non-linearity, noise, pulse shape and channel effects. This simulation examines the minimum requirements for LNA, AGC, squarer, and operational transconductance amplifier in analog front-end for sensor network application with 100Kb/s data rate and 10-3 BER. The linearity requirement in OTA is achieved using Gilbert cell OTA with the technique of multiple gated transistors. For sensor network applications, analog front-end modules must have 4dB NF (Noise figure), -12dBm IIP3, 50dB gain and -75dBm sensitivity for 100Kb/s data rates. The transceiver power consumption is assumed to be below 50mW. The performance of energy detection non-coherent receiver is simulated in Simulink of MATLAB, it shows that BER of Gaussian pulse is lower than doublet and 4th Gaussian pulse. By increasing the number of transmitted pulse per bit and IIP3, the performance of receiver is improved.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS CUSTOS DE CONTROLE NOS CUSTOS DAS FALHAS INTERNAS E EXTERNAS
Authors: Pavão Juliane Andressa , Voese Simone Bernardes , Camacho Reinaldo Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência de custos de prevenção e avaliação na redução de custos de falhas internas e externas no setor de confecções. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e descritivo, que teve como estratégia de pesquisa o levantamento e coleta de dados por meio de questionário. Obteve-se 121 respostas que foram analisadas por meio de Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e Regressão Linear Múltipla com bootstrapping. O principal achado da pesquisa foi que investir no treinamento de funcionários, na manutenção preventiva de máquinas e equipamentos, no desenvolvimento e auditar um sistema de qualidade, isso influencia na redução dos custos de falhas. Porém, a inspeção de materiais comprados e a avaliação da conservação dos materiais em estoque apresentaram comportamento significativo contrário, ocasionando assim, os custos de falhas. Conclui-se que, no setor de confecções, segundo a amostra investigada, os custos de prevenção auxiliam na redução das falhas, mas os custos de avaliação não apresentaram o mesmo comportamento, ressaltando a necessidade de mais pesquisas para compreender essa relação.
DESFIOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO E NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS DE CUSTOS EM HOSPITAIS UNIVERSITÁRIOS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Borinelli Márcio Luiz , Rocha Welington , Carneiro Diogo Moreira , Silva Alexandre dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Os hospitais universitários brasileiros, centros de formação de profissionais e prestadores de assistência à saúde da população, passaram por grave crise em meados da década de 2000 que comprometeu o seu funcionamento. A recuperação dessas entidades envolveu a adoção de um conjunto de medidas de modernização de gestão. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar as causas dos principais desafios enfrentados na concepção, desenvolvimento e implantação de sistemas de custos em hospitais universitários brasileiros e explorar possíveis alternativas para solucioná-los. O método de pesquisa empregado foi a pesquisa-ação, dividida em cinco etapas: (i) elaboração do projeto básico, (ii) diagnóstico, que envolveu observação direta, investigações em campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas como estratégias de coleta de dados, (iii) desenvolvimento do modelo conceitual; (iv) desenvolvimento operacional do sistema de custos e (v) implantação. As cinco etapas ocorreram ao longo de cinco anos na segunda década dos anos 2000, sendo que a amostra foi composta por hospitais universitários localizados em todas as cinco regiões brasileiras. Os resultados revelaram que tais desafios, entraves e percalços podem ser resumidos em cinco categorias: características organizacionais e do processo de gestão; aspectos legais e normativos inerentes ao setor público; diversidade de porte e de níveis de complexidade dos hospitais; diversidade de objetos de custeio e de propósitos de uso das informações; e escala de prioridades da área de tecnologia de informação. Esses resultados podem melhorar o conhecimento sobre o tema e auxiliar profissionais envolvidos em projetos desta natureza a se precaver sobre esses desafios e dificuldades.
The Importance of Social Sciences in Arming the Student Youth Consciousness with Noble Virtues
Authors:   Lecturer, Tashkent Academic Lyceum No.1 Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ravshanov Imamqul
Published: April 2021

The article examines the issues of understanding national identity, the formation of national unity, greatness and purity of our ancestry, assessing the place of our wise people among the peoples of the world, wider use of its rich life experience, the importance of the social sciences in the consistent study and further enrichment of the noble, freedom-loving and liberal traditions of our people, in short, in the creation of a harmonious, real human personality.
Quiste congénito del conducto nasolacrimal/dacriocistocele: causa de dacriocistitis no diagnosticada
Authors: Pérez Gallegos Diego , Letort Bernarda , Larco Carmen , Molinari Andrea , Castrillón Rodrigo , Letort José
Published: April 2021

Se presenta dos casos de pacientes menores de 5 meses los cuales durante las primeras semanas de vida presentan descarga ocular muco-purulenta de manera recurrente. Posteriormente en la endoscopia se encuentra en los dos casos masas quísticas intranasales dando un diagnóstico de dacriocistocele más quiste congénito del conducto nasolagrimal. El dacriocistocele es una causa muy rara de obstrucción del conducto nasal y más raro cuando viene acompañado de un quiste congénito del conducto nasolagrimal. Debido a su rareza y a su sintomatología muchas veces atípica resulta en un diagnóstico complicado para el otorrinolaringólogo y para el oftalmólogo.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION TECHNIQUES FOR POWER CONTROL IN DEVICE-TO-DEVICE CELLULAR SYSTEMS
Authors: Olaoluwa I.A. , Adedoyin M.A. , Yussuff A.I.O.
Published: April 2021

Recent development in pairs of devices communications in the cellular system has necessitated the emergence of various resource allocation strategies for power control with the hope of achieving higher data rate, enhanced system capacity and overall spectral efficiency. Strategies for efficient service delivery in device-to-device (D2D) cellular system have often posed daunting challenges requiring uncompromising techniques. In this work, various techniques for resource allocation strategies for power control in D2D cellular system are investigated. This work is dedicated at the best technique of achieving maximum transmission power of users of cellular and the device pair users with reference to the efficient service delivery coupled with established signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the base station and the D2D users across the channel of the uplink because of the ability of the individual transmitter of devices have been able to realign with the power of transmitter relative to the calculated SINR and interference parameters. An expression of SINR, D2D pairs and the distance between device pairs with respect to base station for the optimized network for the various techniques are analyzed. The performance of the resource-based power control technique (RPCT) and the adaptive power control technique (APCT), with respect to the SINR and the device pairs, has shown effectiveness in its ability to address over forty-three pairs of D2D in order to have an improved level of SINR as obtained in this work, it is convenient to say that an increase in the number of cellular users, enables a corresponding increase in the total capacity of D2D users. When an increase is experienced in the number of users of cellular, it automatically adds a value of increase to the reusable channels thereby enabling additional quantity of D2D users in the clusters, such that co-channel interference within the D2D users in the neighboring cluster reduces, thereby enabling an increased capacity of the user of D2D.
ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK AND AWARENESS OF SCAVENGERS TO COVID-19 IN ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, NIGERIA
Authors: Adekiya Oyelayo
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the occupational health risk of scavengers and their awareness to covid-19 in Abuja Municipal Area Council of the FCT a view to acknowledge the vulnerability of scavengers in the pandemic and how they simultaneously pose a threat to the general public.

Methodology: A descriptive survey research was employed for the study. The population consisted of 277 scavengers, from 12 sites in Abuja Municipal Area Council. The instrument used for this study was a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into five sections. The first section collected information on socioeconomic characteristics of scavengers. The second section collected information on awareness on Covid 19 and sources of information. The third section was on use of safety tools and hygiene practices of scavengers. The forth section was on occupational injuries and diseases associated with scavenging and the fifth section was on measures taken to reduce health effects of scavenging. The questionnaire was interview-administered to the scavengers.

 Findings: The study revealed that 82.6 % of scavengers believe in the existence of Covid-19 pandemic. About 58.4% do no use hand gloves and 64.6 % do not wear boots during work. Majority (90 %) of scavengers have sustained injuries from glass and sharp objects and about 71 %  form nails .Occupational disease associated with scavenging include skin rash and (83.4 %), back pain, (71.6%), chest pain, (61.4 %), Diarrhoeal ( 56.5 %  and cough (45.20%). Majority (80.7 %) of the scavengers were not prepared to change  their jobs, only about 30.4 % of them were prepared to purchase and  use personal protective equipment as a measure to reduce  occupational injury and diseases. About 53.9 % of them use illicit drugs (mainly marijuana) to overcome the stress of the job.

Recommendations: The study, recommend that scavenging be legalized, so that the government and nongovernmental organizations can help in educating the scavengers on the importance of personal hygiene and personal protective equipment in reducing occupational injuries and diseases.
Pulmonary Embolism and Wilms’ Tumor. Can It Be Any Worse? Case Report
Authors: Al Zhran Abdulrahaman , Baothman Abdullah
Published: April 2021

It is common for Wilms tumor to invade the inferior vena cava and right atrium, but a massive pulmonary embolism is rare. This case report describes an 8-year-old male patient who presented to an outpatient clinic with mild pain associated with subjective fever for 1 week. A left renal mass with extension of an inferior vena cava thrombus was seen on abdominal computed tomography, suggesting a Wilms tumor. An exploratory laparotomy biopsy was scheduled, but not completed because the patient’s health suddenly deteriorated, and he died despite high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A massive pulmonary embolism was found to cause a sudden and fatal cardiac arrest.
فاعلية برنامج ارشادي انتقائي تكاملي لخفض الخوف من المودة لدى المراهقين اليتامى
Authors: زهراء عبد المهدي محمد علي الجميل زهراء عبد المهدي محمد علي الجميل
Published: April 2021

هدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على فاعلية برنامج ارشادي انتقائي تكاملي لدى مجموعة من المراهقين اليتامى, وتكونت العينة من (68) مراهقاً من دار الايتام ( بيت الابداع العراقي) , بعمر يتراوح ( 14-16) سنة , طبقت الباحثة مقياس الخوف من المودة على العينة  ككل وبعد التحليل الاحصائي لدرجاتهم على المقياس , اختارت الباحثة الرباعي الاعلى للدرجات المرتفعة فبلغت (18) مراهقاً  تم توزيعهم عشوائياً على مجموعتين(9) افراد في المجموعة التجريبية و(9) افراد في المجموعة الضابطة ,  ثم اجرت الباحثة التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في متغيري العمر ودرجاتهم على مقياس الخوف من المودة , ثم قامت الباحثة بتصميم برنامج ارشادي انتقائي تكاملي  من مجموعة من الفنيات الارشادية بصورة انتقائية ومتكاملة ومتسقة تناسب عينة البحث وطبيعة المشكلة التي يعانون منها , وبلغت عدد الجلسات (21) جلسة بواقع جلستين اسبوعياً مدة الجلسة (90) دقيقة , وبعد تطبيق البرنامج الارشادي على المجموعة التجريبية اظهرت نتائج التحليل الاحصائي ما يلي

توجد فروق دالة احصائياً بين متوسطات رتب المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس الخوف من المودة .

توجد فروق دالة احصائياً بين متوسطات رتب المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة في القياس البعدي على مقياس الخوف من المودة.

توجد فروق دالة احصائياً بين متوسطات رتب المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين البعدي والتتبعي على مقياس الخوف من المودة .

وفي ضوء نتائج البحث الحالي وضعت الباحثة مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.