bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why are critical event checklists not always used in the perioperative setting?: A retrospective survey
Authors: Clebone Anna , Klock Jr P. Allan , Choi Ellen Y. , Tung Avery
Published: February 2025

Introduction

During surgery and anesthesia, life-threatening critical events, including cardiac arrest, may occur. By facilitating recall of key management steps, suggesting diagnostic possibilities, and providing dose and drug information, cognitive aids may improve clinician performance during such events. In actual clinical practice, however, cognitive aids may be available but inconsistently used. One possibility explaining aid non-use during critical events is a lack of familiarity with how cognitive aids may be helpful. We hypothesized that introduction of critical event cognitive aids along with implementation of cognitive aid resources would change the quantitative incidence of cognitive aid use and qualitative reasons for aid non-use. We surveyed members of an academic anesthesia department before and after implementation of critical event cognitive aid resources.

Methods

All anesthesia clinicians at a single academic medical center were surveyed.

Participants were surveyed both pre- and post-training with a focused program to introduce critical event cognitive aid resources. Incidences of and reasons for cognitive aid use and non-use were collected and analyzed. Survey responses were compared pre- and post-implementation.

Results

The response rate was 64.5%. One-hundred eighty-five reasons for non-use were collected before the focused program and 149 after. Overall, 80% of clinicians had encountered at least one critical event during the study period and use of cognitive aids during all reported events was 7%. Six categories of reasons for non-use were identified: ‘Not Available’, ‘Not Needed’, ‘No Time’, ‘Another Person In Charge’, ‘Used In Another Way’, ‘No Reason Given’. After implementation, a decrease in the number of respondents who cited availability and who cited ‘another person running crisis,’ as reasons for non-use was observed (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Implementation of cognitive aids for critical events in an academic anesthesia environment improved the perception of cognitive aid availability and decreased the number of subjects who chose to not use the aid due to another person running the crisis response. Looking at the multiple reasons for cognitive aid non-use may guide implementation, training, and design.
Burden and determinants of self-reported high blood pressure among women of reproductive age in Tanzania: Evidence from 2022 Tanzania demographic and health survey
Authors: Musilanga Nelson , Nasib Hussein , Mwakibolwa Ambokile , Jackson Given , Nhanga Clarkson , Kijusya Keneth
Published: February 2025

Background

High blood pressure, commonly referred to as hypertension, remains a prevalent global health concern characterized by elevated arterial pressure, posing significant risks such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and kidney diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden and determinants of self-reported high blood pressure among women of reproductive age in Tanzania.

Methods

We utilized population-based cross-sectional data obtained from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) 2022. The analysis involved a weighted sample of 15,254 women aged 15–49 years. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to examine the independent variables associated with self-reported high blood pressure, and the results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The significance level was set at p <  0.05 for all analyses.

Results

Overall, the mean age of study participants was 29.3 ±  9.8 years, with a self-reported high blood pressure burden of 6.6% among women of reproductive age in Tanzania. Moreover, increased age correlated with higher odds of high blood pressure compared to women aged 15–19 years. Those with a secondary level of education exhibited a higher likelihood of high blood pressure in contrast to women with no education. Married and widowed individuals were more prone to high blood pressure than those who were never married. Additionally, women in higher wealth groups showed a significantly elevated risk of high blood pressure compared to those in the poorest wealth group. Conversely, self-reported poor health status and recent visits to health facilities were associated with significantly higher odds of high blood pressure.

Conclusion

This study highlights the burden of high blood pressure among reproductive-age women, urging heightened awareness and proactive screening measures. These findings prompt targeted interventions, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to effectively curb this health burden.
Factors influencing disaster preparedness behaviors of older adults
Authors: Liao Kai-Min , Hu Yih-Jin
Published: February 2025

This study examines the heterogeneity in disaster preparedness behaviors among older adults and the factors that influence them, with the aim of offering policy recommendations to mitigate casualties among older adults during natural disasters. This is a secondary data analysis of cross-sectional data involving 394 participants aged 65 and above, with data sourced from the seventh wave of the Basic Social Change Survey conducted by Academia Sinica. These cross-sectional data were collected through face-to-face interviews, where interviewers conducted one-on-one questioning to gather general information and assess disaster preparedness. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between various factors and disaster preparedness behaviors. Descriptive statistics show that among the six disaster preparedness behaviors, 32.5% of the elderly moved vehicles or household items to a safe location, and 27.2% secured cabinets or large appliances. The remaining four disaster preparedness behaviors—including purchasing disaster insurance, preparing a disaster emergency kit, identifying and planning evacuation locations and routes, and participating in disaster response drills—were exhibited by less than 11.9% of the participants. Hierarchical regression showed that younger age, higher education, lower income, better health, community involvement, disaster experience, and higher perceived risk were associated with increased preparedness among older adults. The study found that most older adults do not invest time or money in disaster preparedness. Government agencies should encourage older adults to participate and account for their heterogeneity, such as through targeted interventions in health promotion, disaster response education, and social support. Initiatives like health check-ups, exercise classes to improve physical fitness, and simple, understandable disaster response courses can enhance risk perception. For high-income groups, emphasizing the importance of disaster preparedness through data and real-life examples is crucial. Older adults should also be encouraged to join community organizations and disaster drills, and a platform for sharing disaster experiences should be established to improve overall disaster resilience.
New graduate nurses’ experiences with and perceptions of their mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: An interpretive description study protocol
Authors: Burry Robin D. , Pike April , Maddigan Joy , Rauman Peggy , Burford Holly , Smith-Young Joanne , Curran Vernon
Published: February 2025

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on healthcare workers. Healthcare workplaces are high stress environments placing care providers such as Registered Nurses at high risk for occupational stress injuries related to poor mental health. Currently, healthcare authorities rely on new graduate nurses to help fill gaps in staffing; however, novice nurses are especially vulnerable to workplace illnesses, with the recent pandemic contributing to this risk. Research is needed to understand new graduate nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their mental health and well-being as they transition to practice in the COVID-19 pandemic and the supportive resources they require to assist in contributing to healthy workplaces.

Objectives

1) To explore new graduate nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their mental health and well-being as they transitioned to practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada; 2) To understand new graduate nurses’ awareness and use of available mental health supports and resources during the COVID-19 pandemic; and 3) To identify strategies and resources to support new graduate nurses’ mental health and well-being as they transitioned to practice during a public health crisis.

Methods

An interpretive description research methodology will be used to conduct this study. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist will be used to verify both the structure of the study and presentation of findings. Approximately forty semi-structured interviews will be conducted with new graduate nurses who worked in Newfoundland and Labrador in 2020, 2021 or 2022. Data collected will be analyzed using thematic analysis with descriptive statistics used to present demographic information.

Results

The results of this study will help inform changes to existing workplace programs and contribute to the development of new processes to support new graduate nurses’ mental health and well-being as they transition to practice during a public health crisis such as COVID-19.
Nanoencapsulation of amitriptyline enhances the potency of antidepressant-like effects and exhibits anxiolytic-like effects in Wistar rats
Authors: Valadez-Lemus Ramón Eduardo , Góngora-Alfaro José L. , Jiménez-Vargas Juana María , Alamilla Javier , Mendoza-Muñoz Néstor
Published: February 2025

Depression poses a significant global health challenge, affecting an estimated 300 million people worldwide. While amitriptyline (Ami) remains one of the most effective antidepressants, its numerous side-effects contribute to a high dropout rate among patients. Addressing this issue requires exploring methods to enhance its bioavailability and reduce dosage. In this study, we describe a technique for producing amitriptyline nanoparticles (Ami-NPs) to improve the drug’s efficiency. The effectiveness was assessed by comparing the dose-response curves of Ami-NPs and non-encapsulated Ami in male and female Wistar rats subjected to the forced swimming test (FST). Ami-NPs were fabricated using nanoprecipitation, with a copolymer of poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid) as the encapsulant, and a 3% solution of poloxamer F-127 as surfactant stabilizer. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the production of Ami-NPs, resulting in nanoparticles with the following optimal characteristics: a size of 198.6 ±  38.1 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.005 ±  0.03 nm, a zeta potential of -32 ±  6 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 79.1 ±  7.4%. Ami-NPs showed higher potency and efficacy in reducing immobility during the FST (ED50 =  7.06 mg/kg, Emax =  41.1%), compared to amitriptyline in solution (Ami-S) (ED50 =  11.89 mg/kg, Emax =  33.2%). The Emax of Ami-NPs occurred at 12 mg/kg, while Ami-S peaked at 15.8 mg/kg. In the open field test, only treatment with Ami-NPs (12 mg/kg) and the empty nanoparticles increased immobility. In the elevated plus-maze, treatment with Ami-NPs (12 mg/kg) significantly reduced closed-arm entries (2.1 ±  0.6), compared to control solution (9.5 ±  1.8), control nanoparticles (8 ±  1.0) and Ami-S (11.5 ±  2). In the marble burying test, Ami-NPs (12 mg/kg) significantly reduced buried marbles (2.4 ±  0.4) compared to control nanoparticles (8.7 ±  1.2). These findings suggest that Ami-NPs could be a promising approach to enhance Ami bioavailability, thereby increasing its potency and antidepressant efficacy, while improving anxiolytic-like effects.
Psychophysiological and psychological responses of touching plant behavior by tactile stimulation according to the foliage type
Authors: Kim Seo-Hyun , Park Sin-Ae
Published: February 2025

Urbanization-related stress has spurred interest in natural therapies, such as horticultural therapy, which leverages multisensory exposure to plants to enhance well-being through physical, psychological, and cognitive benefits. This study aimed to measure and compare the psychophysiological and psychological responses to tactile stimuli through plant contact based on the foliage type. Thirty adults (average age: 24.86 ± 2.68) participated in the study, and the foliage was categorized into four groups: soft (e.g., Stachys byzantina, Adiantum raddianum, and Asparagus plumosus var. nanus), smooth (e.g., Peperomia obtusifolia, Ficus benghalensis, and Epipremnum aureum), stiff (e.g., Chamaeshparis thyoides Red Star, Platycladus orientalis, and Cupressus macrocarpa), and rough (e.g., Rhapis excelsa, Nephrolepis cordifolia ‘Duffii’, and Ardisia pusilla ‘Variegata’) plant groups. The participants touched the plants for 90 s, and the concentration of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Additionally, a semantic differential method (SDM) evaluation tool was used to assess the psychological responses of each treatment group. When comparing the four tactile treatment groups (soft, smooth, stiff, and rough), the oxy-Hb concentration in the PFC area was lowest during tactile stimulation of smooth plants and highest during soft plant stimulation. Sex-based comparison of oxy-Hb concentrations showed significant differences in the overall PFC area for all four tactile treatment groups in males (p < 0.001). Specifically, when touching soft plants, the oxy-Hb concentration in females was significantly lower than that in males (p < 0.001). According to the SDM, the tactile stimulation of soft and smooth plants elicited the most relaxation, comfort, and favorable responses (p < 0.001). When touching smooth plants, the oxy-Hb concentration of the participant was the lowest, and according to the SDM, they reported the most soothing response. Summarily, the participants in the smooth plant group exhibited a trend of decreased oxy-Hb concentrations and concurrently experienced a sense of psychological stability. We established those tactile stimuli based on foliage texture resulted in different psychophysiological and psychological responses depending on the plant treatment group and sex.
68Ga-labeled fluorinated benzamide derivatives for positron emission tomography imaging of melanoma
Authors: Lee Chaewon , Song Boreum , Kim Eunsu , Seo Yejin , Hong Dagyeong , Kim Jiyu , Jeong Wookyeong , Kwon Seong-Young , Kim Dong-Yeon , Pyo Ayoung
Published: February 2025

Malignant melanoma tends to aggressively metastasize, resulting in it being a potentially lethal form of skin cancer with high mortality rates. The advanced stages of melanoma have a very poor prognosis because of the high tendency for metastasis, and there is therefore, a strong desire to develop efficient technology for the early detection of melanoma. The benzamide structure, which contains aromatic ring and amine group, exhibits a high affinity for melanin, making it a promising agent for targeting melanoma in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this study, we synthesized a fluorinated benzamide derivative and chelated it with the radioisotope 68Ga to detect melanoma on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and then evaluated its biological properties. We synthesized the new probe 2,2’,2,”2”’-(2-(4-(3-(2-((2-(5-fluoropicolinamido)ethyl)(methyl)amino)ethyl)thioureido)benzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (MI-0202C1) for melanoma imaging from 5-fluoropyridine-2-carboxylic acid and conjugated 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) for chelation with 68Ga. The radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity of the 68Ga chelation complex were confirmed by radio-thin layer chromatography (radio TLC). In vitro cellular uptake of 68Ga-MI-0202C1 was verified in B16F10 cells (murine melanoma). In vivo distribution and small animal PET studies were conducted on mice bearing B16F10 xenografts. The MI-0202C1 was chelated with 68Ga at 90°C for 10 min at pH 5, resulting in a radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity of over 95%. The cellular uptake of 68Ga-MI-0202C1 over 60 min was higher in a group treated with L-tyrosine (2 mM) than in a non-treated group, indicating selective uptake of melanin. 68Ga-MI-0202C1 successfully visualized B16F10 xenografts in microPET imaging performed at 30 and 60 min after intravenous injection, suggesting that 68Ga-MI-0202C1 has considerable potential as a diagnostic probe for melanoma.
Relationships between community public service facilities and social capital: An exploratory study of Harbin, China
Authors: Luo Yichen , Zou Guangtian , Liu Qianyu
Published: February 2025

Social capital is closely intertwined with neighborhood environments and facility provisions. It is a vital resource for supporting residents’ happiness and satisfaction. In the context of urban stock development and the concentrated construction of community public service facilities, it remains unclear whether the spontaneous construction of facilities follows a colocation model and how facility-related construction affects residents’ quality of life. In this study, we used a questionnaire survey to analyze social capital, summarizing it into aspects such as community cohesion, social support, community trust, and sense of belonging. Then, we acquired the points of interest for facilities in Harbin, China, computed the Global Colocation Quotient (GCLQ) and Local Colocation Quotient (LCLQ), the proportion of spatial units occupied by facilities, and the Shannon diversity index, and analyzed the patterns. Aged care services, childcare centers, and community cultural services were found to have the strongest mutual attractions. Finally, an ordinary least squares model was constructed. The proportion of spatial units occupied by community public service facilities was closely related to social capital growth. In the relationship between the colocation model and social capital, LCLQ-healthcare showed a negative correlation, LCLQ-aged care and LCLQ-childcare showed a positive correlation, and LCLQ-cultural and sports showed a positive correlation with a sense of community belonging. The geographically weighted regression model indicated significant spatial heterogeneity in how facility-related construction affects social capital. This study offers a foundation and reference for the sustainable planning and development of integrated community public service facilities.
The relationship between family conflict resolution methods and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic diseases
Authors: Joo Min Jeong , Ko Jisu , Lim Jae Hyeok , Kim Dan Bi , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: February 2025

Background

Individuals with chronic diseases are more sensitive to depressive symptoms and stress compared to the general population. The complexity and unpredictability of these diseases necessitate family involvement in their management. However, long-term disease can exhaust both patients and their families, leading to conflicts and increased stress, thus exacerbating depressive symptoms. This longitudinal study investigated the impact of family conflict resolution methods on depressive symptoms among chronic disease patients in Korea.

Methods

We used data from the Korean Welfare Panel Study, collected from 2012 to 2022, analyzing 10,969 chronically ill cohabiting or married individuals. Chi-square tests were used to compare group characteristics, and generalized estimating equation models were used for regression analysis, focusing on Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-11 scores, family conflict resolution changes, and covariates.

Results

Participant groups that changed from positive to negative conflict resolution methods were more likely to have depressive symptoms than the group that did not change from positive methods (positive →  negative odds ratios (OR) =  1.34, confidence intervals (CI) =  1.24–1.44). In addition, participants who did not change from negative methods were significantly more depressed than those who maintained positive methods over time (negative →  negative OR =  1.48, 95% CI =  1.37–1.59). Uncollaborative discussions and domestic violence resolution methods were related to depressive symptoms in family conflict resolution methods.

Conclusion

Negative family conflict resolution methods influence depressive symptoms in individuals with chronic diseases. Even after transitioning to positive conflict resolution methods, prior negative experiences continued to impact depressive symptoms.
Deletion of kinin receptor B2 enhances orthodontic tooth movement and alveolar bone remodeling
Authors: Figueiredo Natália Couto , Piacsek Mitchell , Montalvany-Antonucci Carina Cristina , Santos Mariana de Souza , Amaral Flávio Almeida , Teixeira Mauro Martins , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , Macari Soraia , Pandruvada Subramanya , Andrade Jr Ildeu
Published: February 2025

The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is a complex enzymatic system involved in multiple biological processes, particularly inflammation. The system’s peptides exert broad effects through two receptors, B1 (B1R) and B2 (B2R), expressed in various cell types, including osteoblasts. However, the impact of this system on bone remodeling induced by mechanical force needs to be better understood. This study aimed to elucidate the role of the B2 kinin receptor in bone phenotype and remodeling under mechanical stress. Orthodontic forces were applied to the upper first molars of B2R−/− mice and wild-type controls. Bone parameters, bone cellular counts, expression of inflammatory biomarkers, and osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and activity were assessed using microtomography, histological analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and in vitro bone cell cultures, respectively. The results revealed that B2 receptor deficiency significantly altered maxillary bone architecture, reduced trabecular thickness, increased orthodontic tooth movement, and spontaneous alveolar bone loss (ABL). Histological analysis showed a higher number of osteoclasts in B2R−/− mice, with no significant change in osteoblast counts. Molecular analysis indicated elevated levels of RANK, RANKL, OPG, RANKL/OPG, IL-1β, and B1 receptor expression in B2R−/− mice, while in vitro studies confirmed enhanced osteoclast numbers and activity in B2R−/− cells. In conclusion, this study underscores the critical roles of kinin receptors in regulating alveolar bone remodeling, with B2R deletion leading to increased osteoclastic activity and bone loss. The compensatory upregulation of B1Rs in the absence of B2Rs suggests functional redundancy. However, the B2R−/− phenotype emphasizes the complex involvement of the KKS pathway in bone physiology, suggesting avenues for further research into bone pathophysiology and potential therapeutic approaches.
Influence in everyday life is limited by institutional cultures: A photo elicitation interview study with frail older persons in Swedish residential aged care facilities
Authors: Hermansen Østby Roar , Dahlin-Ivanoff Synneve , Hultqvist Sara , Edvardsson David , Lood Qarin
Published: February 2025

Earlier studies highlighted the significance of engaging in preferred activities to maintain health and well-being after moving into a residential aged care facility. However, there seem to be significant limitations in the range of activities available, often failing to meet frail older persons’ preferences and needs This raises concerns about the adequacy of opportunities for persons living in residential age care facilities to engage in everyday activities and maintain a sense of purpose and well-being. This study aimed to identify and elucidate frail older persons’ opportunities to influence their everyday life in residential aged care facilities. Thirteen frail older persons living in residential aged care facilities were involved by being asked to take photos of their everyday life over the course of one week. Photo-elicitation interviews were then conducted together with a researcher, to narrate the content and meaning of the photos in relation to opportunities to influence their everyday life. The interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The analysis generated one overarching theme: Influence in everyday life is limited by institutional cultures, illustrating how the facilities functioned as institutions that ruled the older persons’ everyday lives. This is further described in two interrelated core themes: 1) A game of power between older persons and staff with the sub-themes Feelings of inferiority and Infringement of integrity, and 2) The importance of dialogue, with the sub-themes The surrounding as a catalyst for the person’s life-story and Becoming part of a community. Institutional cultures were described to affect everything that occurred in the residential aged care facilities, which meant that the older persons’ preferences and needs were not always met. There is a need to further explore the opportunities for persons living in residential aged care facilities to participate in studies on how to attend to their wishes and needs.
Incidence and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and re-infection among people experiencing homelessness in Toronto, Canada: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Richard Lucie , Carter Brooke , Liu Michael , Nisenbaum Rosane , Hwang Stephen W.
Published: February 2025

People experiencing homelessness are at elevated risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet estimates generally exclude re-infections and rely on data sources affected by testing policies or study timing. In this prospective cohort study, we report incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and re-infections over time using a combination of community-based and study-administered testing, and assessed individual and housing-related factors associated with new infection. Individuals experiencing homelessness were randomly selected from 62 sites across Toronto, Canada, between June and September 2021. Participants provided detailed surveys and biological samples to test for SARS-CoV-2 (by RT-PCR and ELISA) every three months for one year. Self-reported data were verified and augmented through linkage to health administrative databases. Among 640 participants who completed 2,401 interviews, we identified 613 SARS-CoV-2 infection events, representing an incidence rate of 35.3 infections/100-person years (95% CI 31.6-39.4) prior to the onset of Omicron and 97.2 infections/100 person-years (95% CI 86.8-108.8) after Omicron. Nearly 30% (n = 182) of these events were re-infections. In multivariable models, post-Omicron interviews (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 3.54 [95% CI 3.12-4.02]), history of prior COVID-19 infection (1 infection aRR 2.55 [95% CI 2.29-2.83]; 2 + infections aRR 2.28 [95% CI 1.80-2.89]) and residing in high- or moderate-exposure risk (congregate and shared) housing settings (high-exposure aRR 1.74 [95% CI 1.43-2.11]; moderate-exposure aRR 1.39 [1.15-1.68]) were most significantly associated with new infection. Our findings highlight that existing reports significantly underestimate SARS-CoV-2 infection burden among people experiencing homelessness, but confirms previously reported factors associated with infection, including congregate and shared housing settings. Reducing reliance on overcrowded emergency housing is necessary to reduce infection incidence in this population as well as associated inequities in downstream acute and chronic complications.
A two-factor scale of perceived power
Authors: Kim Myojoong , May Frank
Published: February 2025

Power-the capacity to influence outcomes-manifests in two distinct forms: social power, defined as the perceived ability to control others’ behaviors and decisions, and personal power, characterized by the capacity to resist unwanted external influence and maintain autonomy. Theoretically, these dimensions are rooted in different needs, and thus are likely to differentially predict certain behaviors. However, existing measures often conflate these dimensions, limiting insights into their unique behavioral effects. To address this issue, the present research has developed and validated a two-factor scale of perceived power to completely capture both facets of power across twelve studies (N =  2,878). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses support the scale’s structure, while reliability and validity tests demonstrate its robustness. Following assessments of the structure of the scale, its validity was demonstrated across multiple studies: Study 1 establishes the orthogonality of personal and social power through experimental manipulation, Study 2 reveals that personal power increases proactive advice-seeking, whereas social power reduces the tendency to solicit advice, and Study 3 demonstrates that social power amplifies negative reactions to service failures, while personal power does not. These divergent outcomes underscore the distinct roles of personal and social power, highlighting the scale’s utility for advancing research.
Influence of Surfactant Trilaurin Concentration on Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite by Ultrasound Assisted Biomimetic Method
Authors: Sathya E. , Prakash V. Collins Arun
Published: February 2025

In present study, three different concentrations of a novel surfactant trilaurin has been reported using ultrasound method for synthesizing hydroxyapatite (HAP) powders in presence of the simulated body fluid (SBF) as a solvent in order to investigate the apoptotic cell response. The materials were characterized with FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, BET techniques as well as cytotoxicity (MTT assay) using appropriate cell line. The nanoHAP was characterized for their size and morphology by HRSEM and HRTEM techniques, respectively and were found to have a nanorod like morphology with an average length of 50 nm. The results also validates the cytotoxicity which shows good biocompatibility of nanoHAP powders. The synthesized HAP powders was found to possess improved and uniform size distribution due to the use of non-ionic natural organic modifier (trilaurin). The concentration of trilaurin influences the morphology of the synthesized HAP powders.
Analisis Fluktuasi Muka Air Laut di Pesisir Kota Jakarta Kaitannya dengan Fluktuasi Muka Air Laut Global Tahun 2015-2023
Authors: Batu Priska Enjel Lumban , Setiyono Heryoso , Wijaya Yusuf Jati
Published: February 2025

Jakarta merupakan kota yang berlokasi di pesisir utara Jawa dengan luas wilayah 66,401 ha. Secara topografis, Jakarta terletak di dataran rendah dengan kemiringan berkisar 0-5 derajat. Jakarta termasuk wilayah landai yang kemungkinan besar akan terdampak langsung dari fluktuasi kenaikan permukaan air laut. Fluktuasi air laut merupakan  masalah serius yang dialami negara-negara pesisir atau kepulauan di seluruh bumi termasuk Indonesia. Hal tersebut dapat mengganggu aktivitas pesisir sehingga perekonomian di Jakarta terganggu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya fluktuasi tinggi permukaan laut di pesisir kota Jakarta kaitannya dengan fluktuasi tinggi muka air laut global. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menghitung laju peningkatan kenaikan fluktuasi permukaan laut melalui metode statistik regresi linier sederhana menggunakan Software Microsoft Excell. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan permukaan laut di Kota Jakarta, yaitu berupa naiknya elevasi permukaan laut sebesar 0,1734 cm/bulan dengan fluktuasi permukaan laut yang meningkat signifikan, yaitu Jakarta sebesar 1,65 ± 0,34 cm/tahun, Lautoka  sebesar 0,91 ± 0,33 cm/tahun, Honiara 1,56 ± 0,59 cm/tahun, dan Port Vila sebesar 1,91 ± 0,36 cm/tahun, secara umum merupakan peningkatan yang sangat tinggi dan secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan rata-rata global sekitar 3,6 mm/tahun.
Konsentrasi dan Sebaran Klorofil-A di Muara Sungai Mrican, Kabupaten Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Amalya Afroh , Indrayanti Elis , Handoyo Gentur , Zainuri Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Muara Sungai Mrican di Perairan Pekalongan dimanfaatkan untuk pemukiman, budidaya ikan, dan industri sehingga berpotensi menghasilkan limbah organik dan mempengaruhi konsentrasi klorofil-a sebagai indikator kesuburan perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsentrasi dan sebaran klorofil-a serta menganalisis korelasinya dengan suhu, salinitas, pH, DO. Metode yang digunakan pada menelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengambilan sampel air dan data parameter kualitas perairan secara in situ di 28 titik lokasi pada 30 Mei 2024 pukul 07.00 – 12.00 WIB.. Korelasi klorofil-a dengan suhu, salinitas, pH, dan DO dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang lakukan, konsentrasi klorofil-a menunjukkan kisaran antara 2.6329 – 30.5967 mg/L. Konsentrasi klorofil-a tersebut berkaitan erat dengan suplai nutrien, hasil degradasi limbah organik pada perairan Mrican. Konsentrasi klorofil-a menunjukkan nilai yang tinggi di wilayah muara dan menurun saat menjauh dari pantai. Klorofil-a memiliki korelasi positif dengan suhu,  serta berkorelasi negatif dengan salinitas, pH, dan DO, yaitu perairan dengan salinitas, pH, dan DO.
Pola Sebaran Klorofil-A Berdasarkan Citra Landsat-9 Dengan Perbedaan Algoritma Di Perairan Jepara
Authors: Prastiwi Fatiha Hening , Maslukah Lilik , Indrayanti Elis
Published: February 2025

Perairan Jepara memiliki produktivitas tinggi  potensi perikanannya. Potensi perikanan perairan dapat di tinjau melalui pemantauan produktivitas primernya, yang dapat diidentifikasi melalui parameter klorofil-a yang merupakan pigmen fotosintesis dalam fitoplankton. Untuk mengidentifikasi klorofil-a dapat menggunakan metode penginderaam jauh, seperti citra Sentinel atau Landsat yang memiliki resolusi tinggi sehingga dapat diaplikasikan di perairan pantai. Penelitian ini mengkaji pola sebaran klorofil-a citra Landsat-9 menggunakan empat algoritma berbeda di Perairan Jepara bagian barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data insitu klorofil-a yang diambil pada Juli 2023 dan perekaman citra Landsat-9 pada waktu yang sama . Analisis konsentrasi klorofil-a menggunakan metode spektrofotometri dan empat algoritma yang digunakan yaitu Algoritma Wibowo, Jaelani, Arif & Laksmi, dan Pentury. Berdasarkan pengolahan data, konsentrasi klorofil-a insitu memiliki rentang nilai 0,736-21,130 µg/L. Nilai prediksi klorofil-a hasil Algoritma Wibowo, Jaelani, Arif & Laksmi, dan Pentury masing-masing 24,6065-115,5899 µg/L; 0,0597-0,0144 µg/L; 1,0133-0,4602 µg/L; 2.6512-2,5199 µg/L. Hasil Akurasi menunjukkan kinerja Algoritma Pentury lebih baik dari algoritma lain dengan nilai RMSE, MAPE, Bias sebesar 4236 µg/L; 49%; dan -2,74. Namun demikian untuk pola sebaran Algoritma Wibowo memperlihatkan kemiripan dengan sebaran dari data insitu yaitu dengan konsentrasi tertinggi di bagian Selatan Perairan Teluk Awur. Sedangkan algoritma lain memiliki pola sebaran yang jauh berbeda daripada data insitu. Untuk mendapatkan nilai klorofil-a mirip lapangan, tentunya perlu di kembangkan algorithma khusus untuk penggunaan Landsat-9.
Distribusi Horizontal Klorofil-A dan Material Padatan Tersuspensi (MPT) di Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Salsabila Ghina , Rochaddi Baskoro , Muslim Muslim
Published: February 2025

Perairan Wonokerto ysng terletak diKabupaten Pekalongan mendapatkan pasokan nutrien dari aktivitas antropogenik seperti industri, tambak, mangrove, dan aktivitas kapal di sekitarnya.   Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas nutrien. Salah satunya adalah material padatan tersuspensi (MPT). Masukan MPT tersebut dapat menyebabkan kekeruhan kolom perairan dan selanjutnya mempengaruhi konsentrasi klorofil-a. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sebaran konsentrasi MPT terhadap klorofil-a di Perairan Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Pengambilan sampel air dilaksanakan pada 27 Agustus 2024. Pengukuran kualitas perairan seperti salinitas, kecerahan, DO, temperatur, dan pH dilakukan secara in situ. Pengolahan serta analisis klorofil-a dan MPT dilakukan dengan spektrometri dan gravimetri. Hasil Sebaran konsentrasi klorofil-a pada perairan Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan berkisar antara 1,37 – 9,64 µg/L dan Sebaran MPT pada pada Perairan Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan berkisar antara 23,76 – 38,30 mg/l. Konsentrasi klorofil-a dan MPT tertinggi di badan sungai dan semakin menurun ketika menjauhi muara sungai. Hubungan antara konsentrasi Klorofil-a dengan MPT pada perairan Wonokerto, Kabupaten Pekalongan menunjukkan hubungan korelasi positif yang sedang (r = 0,365; P < 0,01). Hubungan tersebut lebih positif dan signifikan kuat pada stasiun yang terletak di lepas pantai dimana nilai nilai (r = 0,703; P < 0,01).
Respon Perairan Terhadap Siklon Tropis Cempaka-Dahlia Di Perairan Selatan Jawa
Authors: Khaldun Muhammad Hafidz Ibnu , Lestariningsih Wiwid Andriyani , Santika Lora , Heltria Septy
Published: February 2025

Siklon Cempaka-Dahlia (CD) yang terjadi di perairan Selatan Jawa merupakan fenomena yang menarik karena terjadi di daerah tropis yang umumnya jarang mengalami pembentukan siklon, terutama dekat ekuator. Siklon tropis yang melintasi suatu perairan mengakibatkan dampak pada lapisan permukaan dan kolom perairan secara biofisik. Aktifitas perikanan di perairan Selatan Jawa termasuk tinggi sehingga pemahaman menyeluruh mengenai dampak siklon diperlukan untuk memperoleh informasi terkait pengelolaan perikanan di masa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis respon permukaan dan kolom perairan sebelum, selama, dan setelah siklon CD dengan menggunakan data Copernicus dan Argo Float yang terletak pada jalur siklon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kecepatan arus permukaan satu setengah kali selama siklon dan bergerak membentuk eddy selaras dengan angin permukaan. Eddy menyebabkan divergensi sehingga air pada kolom perairan yang dingin bergerak naik ke lapisan permukaan melalui proses ekman pumping menyebabkan penurunan suhu hingga 0,64°C. Selain itu, Ekman pumping menyebabkan massa air yang kaya nutrien ikut terangkat ke lapisan permukaan dan meningkatkan produktifitas primer di kedalaman lapisan campuran selama sembilan hari dengan jeda waktu 4-6 hari setelah terjadi siklon CD. Produktifitas primer yang meningkat diperoleh dari peningkatan konsentrasi klorofil-a dari 0,092 mg/m3menjadi 0,1789 mg/m3.
Anatomical characteristics and phytochemical screening of Homalomena perplexa: An endemic species from Con Dao National Park, Vietnam
Authors: Truong D H , Nguyen N T , Trinh N N , Dang V S , Luu H T , Tran-thi T T , Nguyen-Phi N , Van H T
Published: February 2025

Homalomena perplexa has been recently described as a new species in the flora of Vietnam. In this study, the micro-morphological features of the different organs of H. perplexa, including the root, leaf and rhizome were provided for the first time using the iodine green-carmine double staining method. Moreover, the phytochemical screening of H. perplexa was also conducted for the first time. Accordingly, the leaf, petiole and rhizome of the studied plant were found to contain various compounds, including coumarin, steroid, terpenoid, saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, tannin and phenolic. In addition, the total triterpene and polyphenol contents in the rhizome extract were the highest (44.82 mg OAE/g DW and 15.51 mg GAE/g DW), followed by the petiole extract (14.02 mg OAE/g DW and 11.31 mg GAE/g DW) and the leaf extract (1.44 mg OAE/g DW and 10.97 mg GAE/g DW). Furthermore, the leaf extract possessed the highest quantitative flavonoid content (77.04 mg QE/g DW), followed by the petiole and rhizome extracts with the contents of 39.68 and 35.76 mg QE/g DW, respectively.
From Logs to Causal Inference: Diagnosing Large Systems
Authors: Markakis Markos , Youngmann Brit , Gao Trinity , Zhang Ziyu , Shahout Rana , Chen Peter Baile , Liu Chunwei , Sabek Ibrahim , Cafarella Michael
Published: February 2025

Causal inference can quantify cause-effect relationships in domains as varied as medicine, economics and public policy. Production computer systems exhibit a similar level of complexity and a recurring need to diagnose problems quickly. However, systems are only observed imperfectly, often via long, messy, semi-structured logs.

In this work, we want to accelerate large systems debugging by applying causal inference over logs, enabling engineers to diagnose problems and assess interventions in a principled manner. Our framework achieves this through two human-in-the-loop modules: (1) The
Candidate Cause Ranker
, through which one can determine the causes of a variable without running a full causal discovery algorithm; and (2) the
Interactive Causal Graph Refiner
, which helps engineers compute an unbiased estimation of their effect of interest without extensive manual causal graph verification. Both modules are powered by the insight that only part of the causal graph of the system is needed to correctly quantify a given effect of interest. We also provide a data preparation pipeline, the
Log Converter
, which transforms raw, messy, real-world logs into an appropriate tabular input for causal inference, using methods drawn from data transformation, cleaning, and extraction.

We evaluate LOGos, a prototype implementation, on both real-world and synthetic logs and find that: (1) The
Candidate Cause Ranker
achieved an average precision 1.08×-18× higher than the baselines, in interactive time; (2) The
Interactive Causal Graph Refiner
required a number of causal judgments 1.61 × - 16.83× lower than the baselines; and (3) The latency of
Log Converter
scaled linearly with three measures of the complexity of a log: length, distinct templates, and fraction of tokens that are variables.
Les comptes de la prévôté barroise de Longwy (vers 1318-1370) - Annexes
Authors: Aitanti Adrien
Published: February 2025

Au cœur d'un renouvellement de l'approche des sources de l'histoire  médiévale, la comptabilité domaniale publique connait depuis une quinzaine  d'année la faveur des historiens des institutions et des origines de l'Etat. Les  registres de comptes sont ainsi reconnus comme une source intrinsèque et non  plus seulement comme une base de données factuelles alimentant de vastes  synthèses historiques. En région lorraine, les registres de comptes des prévôts  du comté-duché de Bar, de par la richesse des collections chronologiques,  permettent cette approche nouvelle où le document comptable, dans sa dimension  codicologique et administrative, participe pleinement au renforcement des liens  entre centre et périphérie et à l’élaboration des dynamiques de  gouvernement.

La lecture et l’étude précise des registres de la prévôté de  Longwy permettent de pénétrer au cœur des rouages administratifs de l’Etat  barrois au temps de la régence de Yolande de Flandre, de la Peste Noire et du  début de la guerre de Cent Ans en Lorraine. Apparaît alors, en pleine lumière,  la genèse du compte domanial, instrument de pouvoir pour les décideurs centraux  et preuve de la manière de servir pour les administrateurs locaux : prévôts,  châtelains et clercs jurés. Mais la gestion domaniale ne saurait se passer d’une  phase de contrôle administratif. L’examen des comptes, véritable tradition  barroise, va peu à peu s’institutionaliser et revêtir un caractère hautement  technique avec la création d’un organe de gouvernement d’une importance majeure  : la Chambre des Comptes. Cette dernière fait alors basculer les comptes et le  contrôle comptable dans une nouvelle dynamique : celle de la construction de  l’Etat. 
The Alexandrian Paschal Table Brought to Ireland by Saint Patrick, c. AD 458 – Dataset
Authors: Daniel Mc Carthy
Published: February 2025

Cummian’s Paschal letter of c. AD 632 provides a unique account of a Christian community changing their Paschal tradition. However, while scholars have disagreed upon the tradition adopted by Cummian’s community most have accepted that it related in some way to the 532-year Paschal table compiled by Victorius of Aquitaine in AD 457, but they have been unable to explain the relationship. This article identifies that all the published editions of Victorius’s table preserve substantial redactions transmitted by the manuscripts of the table. When these redactions are corrected Cummian’s account of the table that saint Patrick ‘brought and made’, always observing Paschal luna 14 after 21 March, corresponds to Victorius’s tabulated Paschal criteria when the saltus of each 19-year cycle is retarded by thirteen years. It thus emerges that in c. AD 458 Patrick brought to Ireland a 532-year table that he had adapted so that its Paschal dates and lunae were identical with those of the Alexandrian Paschal table compiled by Annianus in c. AD 412. This was the Alexandrian table endorsed by Cyril, bishop of Alexandria in AD 418, excerpts of which were transmitted subsequently by the Prologus S. Cyrilli of c. AD 456, Dionysius Exiguus in AD 525, Isidore in c. AD 636, and Bede in AD 725. Consequently, in Ireland the disciples of Patrick since c. AD 458, and the southern Irish churches that adopted the decision of Mag Léne in c. AD 632, were celebrating the Paschal criteria that would be declared as canonical for the Roman church by pope Honorius (AD 625–638). Subsequently, in AD 716, Iona and its familia adopted these same Paschal criteria as transmitted by the continuation of Dionysius’s Paschal table.

Daniel Mc Carthy, 'The Alexandrian Paschal Table Brought to Ireland by Saint Patrick, c. AD 458', Peritia, 35 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2024), 75–122
Reframing the Cultivation Metaphor in Education by Reflecting on CLIL Professional Development Through a Forest Gardening Lens
Authors: Gordon Rebekah R.
Published: February 2025

Cultivation metaphors that compare teachers and students to gardeners and plants, respectively, have a long presence in the field of education. While such metaphors can be used to represent learner-centered pedagogies in which a teacher fosters the growth of their students, there is also a darker side to cultivation metaphors. For instance, Zipory (2020) argues that characteristics of agriculture’s grain economy—like repetitiveness, coercion, and lack of diversity—can be imposed onto education. Following Zipory’s call for the forest to serve as a more apt metaphorical trajectory for education, I propose using the forest garden as a middle ground between the traditional garden and the natural forest. To highlight the potential usefulness of the forest garden metaphor in education, I explore its application as related to teacher professional development (PD), specifically content and language integrated learning (CLIL) PD. By reflecting on the design and outcomes of Project SCILLA, a CLIL PD program for Kazakhstani university instructors, as well as CLIL PD more broadly, I demonstrate how the forest garden metaphor conceptualizes the relationships and power dynamics between and across various stakeholders in education in response to global rhetoric, national and local policies, and interpersonal interactions. By emulating the sustainable forest garden’s principles of planning and intentionality, localization, interconnectedness, diversity, creativity, and growth from decay, stakeholders can (re)shape the policies and practices of multilingual, multicultural education systems. In addition, education researchers can use a metaphorical forest garden lens to better appreciate the complexities at play within dynamic educational landscapes.