bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Japanese Colonialism
Authors: Panera Martinez Pedro
Published: March 2023

This chapter attempts to explain the historical process by which Japan succeeded in becoming a leading colonial power in the Far East. It will analyze the dramatic changes that took place in Japanese foreign policy and international relations from the mid-nineteenth century onwards. Changes that enabled a country with a feudal-type structure to build a national and centralist state and to achieve an unprecedented expansion in the Pacific Ocean and continental Asia. In short, it will describe the process by which Tokyo created in a few decades one of the largest and most ephemeral colonial empires in the history of mankind, supported by rampant nationalism and militarism.
The Decolonization of the Spanish-French Protectorate of Morocco (1953-1956)
Authors: Azcona Pastor José Manuel , Aránguez Aránguez José Carlos
Published: March 2023

The decolonization of the Spanish-French Protectorate of Morocco initiated after the dethronement of Sultan Mohammed V on August 20, 1953 was a process that was accelerated as a result of the action of terrorism. The way in which the French protectorate administration managed this event unilaterally, without the favor of either Spain or the international community, ended up precipitating that over the next three years the Protectorate of Morocco was plunged into a climate of strong socio-political instability capitalized by the action of terrorism sponsored by the nationalist elements as an instrument to achieve the emancipation of the Alaouite country. The colonial conflict in the Protectorate could only be quelled when France finally agreed to hold diplomatic negotiations with the Moroccan nationalist movements and the legitimate sultan, culminating in the recognition of Morocco's independence in March 1956.
Interventionism and the Third World
Authors: Lillo Pedro Martinez , Arcos Javier Castro
Published: March 2023

The present paper analyzes the occupation of Santo Domingo in 1965 which was the largest US military operation directed against a Latin American country, not only during the Cold War, but in the entire century. In a global Cold War framework, on the one hand, by the détente between the superpowers after the Cuban missile crisis and, on the other, by the force of the Third World and Third World internationalism, the authors explain the impact of the events that occurred on this Caribbean Island had on post-colonial construction, as well as defining a global anti-imperialist struggle. Finally, and according to the review of historical archives from North America, France, and Latin America, among others, which are the primary and secondary sources that accompany the analysis of the proposed research, these conclusions will be delivered in accordance with this historical research.
The Russian-Ukrainian War With Historical Approximation
Authors: Navalpotro Felipe Rodolfo Debasa , Andriichenko Yuliia , Popova Nataliia , Sytdykova Iryna
Published: March 2023

This chapter raises the problems of colonial wars in the modern world. According to the generally accepted point of view, the elimination of the colonial system had been completed by the end of the twentieth century, as a result of which 90 independent new states arose. But in practice, colonialism has not ceased to exist, but rather continues developing, though in new hybrid forms. Despite numerous international legal norms which were adopted to combat colonialism, more developed countries have repeatedly resorted to armed intervention to restore their interests on the territories they once controlled, including the establishment of a political regime loyal to them, since the end of the last century.
Choreoacanthocytosis presenting as schizophrenia-like disorder: a case report
Authors: Akuratiyage L. Y. , Silva F. H. D. S. , De Silva D. , Amarasinghe S. C.
Published: March 2023

Choreoacanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare, autosomalrecessive neurodegenerative disorder which may first present to psychiatrists rather than to neurologists due to the associated psychotic symptoms. We present a male patient with probable ChAc, who was brought to the attention of the psychiatric services with schizophrenia-like symptoms that predated the usual presenting features such as seizures and choreiform movements.
Biological prosthesis, platelet enriched plasma and bone marrow stem cells in complicated incisional hernia reconstruction in emergency surgery: a prospective case control study
Authors: Coccolini Federico , Paratore Filippo , Tartaglia Dario , Cremonini Camilla , Zocco Giuseppe , Cobuccio Luigi , Chiarugi Massimo
Published: March 2023

Numerous innovations have been aided by abdominal wall surgical repair. Abdominal wall surgery was drastically altered by synthetic materials. Tissue engineering was unquestionably first applied to biomaterials. The purpose of the present study is to compare different repeating approaches with rising tissue engineering complexity in repairing complex incisional hernia in emergency setting. Patients with complicated incisional hernia were prospectively included in the study and divided into 4 groups: DR (Direct Repair) group underwent direct reconstruction of the abdominal wall, BR (Biological mesh Repair) group underwent reconstruction of the abdominal wall with biological mesh (retro-muscular), BPR [Biological mesh and Platelet Enriched Plasma (PEP), gel] group underwent reconstruction of the abdominal wall with Biological mesh (retro-muscular) and PEP, BPSR (biological mesh, PEP gel and Bone Marrow Stem Cells) group underwent reconstruction of the abdominal wall with biological mesh (retromuscular), PEP and Bone Marrow Stem cells (BMSc). Forty patients were enrolled. Patients in the DR group experienced a higher rate of severe complication (p<0.05). Recurrence rates were 60% for DR patients, 20% for BM patients and 10% for the BM+PEP group (p<0.05). Median follow-up period was 64.6, 55.7 and 55.8 months (p<0.05). 7- and 30-days abdominal wall thickness is progressively increased by different techniques: BP, BP+PEP and BP+PEP+BMSc (p<0.05). No mortality was registered. Tissue engineering techniques in abdominal wall reconstruction showed promising results. They seem to reduce the recurrence rate without increasing complication one in complicated incisional abdominal wall hernia. Although many aspects are yet to be determined and standardized, it seems extremely important to continue research and experimentation in this field.
The 2nd International Conference on Public Health in Africa 12-15 December 2022, Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Colizzi Vittorio , Fokam Joseph , Semengue Ezechiel N.J. , Deutou Laure , Durand Nka Alex , Tommo Michel , Fainguem Nadine , Gouissi Hyacinthe , Malimbou Evariste , Etame Naomi-Karell , Mangala Christian , Muwonge Adrian , Mahamat Ali , Mbacham Wilfred , Leke Rose , Ndembi Nicaise
Published: March 2023

No abstract available.
Children’s feelings in isolation rooms during COVID-19 hospitalization
Authors: Arianingsih Tri , Wanda Dessie , Agustini Nur
Published: March 2023

The treatment given to children who have been confirmed positive for COVID-19 and are showing symptoms involves isolation, which consequently is an unpleasant experience for pediatric patients. In isolation rooms, children reported a “rollercoaster” of feelings due to being separated from their families and familiar surroundings. This study examines children’s emotions while being hospitalized in isolation rooms due to COVID-19. The study follows a descriptive qualitative design. Online interviews were carried out and involved 10 children who had been confirmed positive for COVID-19 and were hospitalized in two big cities in Sumatra. Four themes emerged from the data: i) children’s emotional conditions after finding out they had positive COVID-19 test results; ii) boredom and inconvenience during isolation; iii) support from the children’s peer; and iv) happy responses to receiving negative swab results and being allowed to go home. These themes describe the children’s adaptation process to isolation based on the feelings they expressed during the interviews. This study suggests that, in order to improve their facilities, hospitals should support children’s activities during isolation and nurses should improve their therapeutic communication with pediatric patients.
Perceptions of Undergraduate Students of Allied Health Sciences Program Toward Online Assessments
Authors: Baby Poornima , Unni Sumithra C. N , Radhakrishnan Natasha , Gopalakrishnan Suja , Sasidharan Anu , Sivadas Suchithra
Published: March 2023

Background:

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed the pattern of learning from regular face-to-face classes to entirely digital and virtual learning. Assessments also had to be, and were, conducted online. Hence, we thought of assessing the level of satisfaction toward this mode of assessment among the allied health students in our institute.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the level of satisfaction and usefulness with the online practical and theory assessments among different phases of allied health sciences students belonging to different programs.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire was prepared after discussions among faculty members of the medical education department, appropriately validated and administered as Google Forms to the participants. Consecutive sampling technique was followed. Of the total 59 participants, 31 belonged to BSc Optometry and 28 belonged to BSc. Medical laboratory technology (MLT) courses.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of satisfaction of online theory/ practical assessments among the students of BSc. MLT was 5.893 ± 2.097 and BSc. Optometry was 6.194 ± 2.227. Usefulness of online theory/ practical assessments in testing knowledge and practical skills of BSc. MLT was 5.607 ± 2.061 and BSc. Optometry was 6.419 ± 2.363. Both of these were not found to be statistically significant. The median (Q1–Q3) of usefulness of online assessment in testing practical skills of students among the four phases was 5(2–6), 3(2–3), 2(2–6) and 3(3–5) and was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Most of the students felt that online assessments were useful only for theory examinations and that this modality was unsuitable to test practical skills.
Legal regulation of religion in the context of ecclesiastical law as a model of a single legal space in Europe
Authors: Yermakova Hanna , Miakinchenko Iryna , Stelnykovych Serhii , Maksymov Oleksandr , Zahlada Viktor
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to identify the key historical aspects of the formation of the teachings of religion within the Christian faith. In the course of the study, it is established that the church did not interfere with the existence of nation states, proclaiming the need for European unity. The conclusion of the manuscript argues for the church's (in its general sense) desire to subordinate political power in European states, which would serve to establish unified methods of government. The theological and canonical principles of Catholic religious doctrine provided the basis for such methods. The church's teachings became the basis for the formation of rules aimed at regulating relations in society in general, interpersonal relations and relations between the individual, the state and the church in particular. The article also examines and reveals the processes of integration of cultural studies in the environment, including science and art. The church actively finances various projects of preservation and restoration of historical art objects and promotes the development of new artistic directions. The church also actively promotes the development of science, primarily in the field of theology and philosophy. Such actions are quite valuable, because the church demonstrates adherence to its principles and values, thereby encouraging people to adhere to them as well. Such influence caused the integration and emergence of ideas of humanistic principles in the European consciousness. Moreover, the established canon law actively contributed to it. It became the basis for many branches of secular law.
A study on the Affordance of Educational Contents based on Virtual Reality
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Kang Hyun Eung
Published: March 2023

The social changes sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted the urgent need for rapid changes in the educational environment and teaching and learning systems, leading to a paradigm shift in the education sector as a whole. In response, this study aims to establish a system for virtual reality-based educational content by exploring ways to overcome the limitations of online education in existing e-learning environments and maintain the unique learning experiences of face-to-face education while enabling interaction between learners. Through a theoretical background, the concept and general characteristics of virtual reality content were examined, and factors that maximize the immersion experience of virtual reality were identified, including the sense of presence. In addition, the importance of affordance as a key factor for incorporating virtual reality into educational content was explored, along with its relationship with the sense of presence. Based on this, a system for constructing affordance in virtual reality-based educational content was diagrammed. In future research, experiments and surveys will be conducted to derive empirical results on the response of real learners based on the system derived from this study. We hope that this study will be helpful in providing more learner-friendly virtual reality education content in the future.
The typological analysis of the unconscious mind in visual surreal advertisement communications
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Xu Wei , Yang Jae Bum
Published: March 2023

Works created with surreal expressions in modern advertisement design utilize visually approachable content to explore the correlation of the two polarized concepts reality and fantasy. This study defines surrealist language through literature review and case study of related references. The surrealist visual is an advertisement method that arouses unconscious sentiments of the beholder and invites for artistic experience. Should the advertisement elicit such unconcious sensitivity of the consumers, the designer furthers the boundary of advertisement expressions to the unconcious level. Through various case studies, the thesis explains on a typological level why consumers feel awe and wonder within such fictional, inexisistent visual content. Inquiries have been raised on the ironical phenomenon, and the thesis’ attempt to resolve the intellectual curiosity bears significant meaning.
Development of Practical Statistical Education Learning Program Using Design Thinking Techniques
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Hong Sun Ok , Lee Jung Yeon
Published: March 2023

The class was designed to improve learner-centered self-directed learning ability by using design thinking techniques and to diagnose and solve social problems by collecting data and information necessary to identify social problems. In the process, classes were conducted using service design techniques for real life-oriented statistical classes, and through this, real life-oriented statistical classes and statistical newspaper production were applied to actual classes. When discovering problems and defining problems based on design thinking techniques, it is possible to enhance creative problem-solving skills by establishing user-centered and context-oriented problem-solving goals and using statistics in the process of specifying solutions.
This can be seen as meaningful as a teaching method that fits the trend of the times of the “4th Industrial Revolution” by applying new processes such as design thinking techniques, which students feel the need to solve statistical problems in school education. In the future, it is necessary to modify the prototype based on improved design thinking and further research through expansion and evaluation of actual class application.
A Case Study of Service Robot Interaction Design according to Purpose of Use: focusing on Feedback
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Koh Hyun Jin , Nah Ken
Published: March 2023

Recently, the development of service robots that can assist or replace human work is accelerating by utilizing technological advances such as artificial intelligence and autonomous driving. Through this, the size of the global service robot market is increasing, and it is expected that the contact point between humans and robots will increase in real life according to these changes. Therefore, research on human-robot interaction (HRI) for smooth communication is a meaningful research topic.
This study examined various interaction cases of foreign and domestic service robots. The human-likeness of the robot was derived as an evaluation factor, and the service robot was classified into functional and relational types according to the role of the robot, and it was analyzed by comparing the utilization of interaction feedback. As a result, relational service robots have higher utilization of interaction feedback in visual appearance, touch, movement, interaction behavior, and non-verbal communication than functional service robots. In the case of sound interaction, it was highly utilized regardless of relationship type and functional type, and the interaction between verbal communication and social behavior was highly utilized for functional service robots. Through this study, it is expected that a meaningful direction can be presented by helping to supplement and improve the interaction of many service robots to be developed in the future.
Des propriétés divisées, spécialement des trusts
Authors:   , Barbe William
Published: March 2023

Cet ouvrage constitue une étude de droit privé des propriétés divisées, spécialement des trusts. L’approche chronique choisie mêle l’histoire du droit et le droit comparé, ainsi que les mécanismes du droit international privé et du droit transitoire. Il en ressort une approche raisonnée nouvelle des propriétés divisées existantes, fondée sur une approche historique. L’étude met également en exergue l’opposition conceptuelle et philosophique qui existe entre les ordres juridiques codifiés romano- germaniques, d’une part, et le droit romain, le common law et l’ancien droit continental, d’autre part. Cela est nécessaire à la compréhension correcte des trusts et de leur nature.
Le seuil de la répression pénale du fait non intentionnel
Authors:   , Vernaz Silvain
Published: March 2023

Cet ouvrage cherche à déterminer le seuil de la répression qui marque le passage entre les faits non intentionnels devant être sanctionnés pénalement et ceux qui sont admissibles. L’auteur commence par établir l’insuffisance de l’étude des incriminations de négligence et de la jurisprudence en Suisse et en France pour fixer ce seuil. Il s’intéresse ensuite à deux théories doctrinales, celles du risque autorisé en droit suisse et de l’erreur irréductible en droit français, qui établissent les faits non intentionnels devant être admis en droit pénal. L’étude se conclut par une proposition d’amélioration de l’erreur irréductible à l’aune des découvertes sur le risque autorisé.
Tribological Aspects Affecting Surface durability of Tooth-Sum Altered Spur Gears: A Load Sharing Approach
Authors: Avil Allwyn Dsa  , Joseph Gonsalvis
Published: March 2023

The performance of tooth-sum altered (ATS) gears is determined by the factors influenced by their profile geometry. This study aims to explore the influence of gear geometry modification on tribological aspects that affect surface wear in ATS spur gears. A computer code is developed to simulate surface wear numerically, using Archard's wear model, Greenwood-Williamson micro-asperity contact model, and Johnson’s load-sharing approach. The outcomes of the study indicate that the low contact ratio ATS gears promote the formation of thick oil film owing to reduced specific sliding and increased speed. However, high contact ratio ATS gears create unfavorable operating conditions resulting in extreme boundary lubrication. The effectiveness of lubricant oil film in reducing wear in ATS gears is associated with its modified profile, sliding velocities, load bearing, operating temperature, and oil viscosity.
STATE OF SOIL FERTILITY IN THE AREA OF THE POŽAREVAC CITY
Authors:   Academy of Applied Techical Studies Belgrade, Colleage of Applied Engineering Sciences, Stupar Vladanka , Saulić Markola ,   Academy of Applied Techical Studies Belgrade, Colleage of Applied Engineering Sciences, Blažić Milica ,   Academy of Applied Techical Studies Belgrade, Colleage of Applied Engineering Sciences, Živković Zlata ,   Academy of Applied Techical Studies Belgrade, Colleage of Applied Engineering Sciences, Stojićević Darko ,   Academy of Applied Techical Studies Belgrade, Colleage of Applied Engineering Sciences, Stokić Marko ,   Agricultural Advisory and Expert Service Pozarevac, Serbia, Stević Bojan ,   Agricultural Advisory and Expert Service Pozarevac, Serbia
Published: March 2023

Soil analysis provides information about the quality of the soil and the input of nutrients that are needed to make the soil better and obtain a high crop yield. The research in this paper included the analysis of fertility parametars of soil in wider territory of the Požarevac city during 2017 and 2022 year. Soil analysis shows that average soil acidity, i.e. its pH value of the aqueous soil solution (pH – H2O), in 2022 was reduced by 0.28 compared to 2017. On other hand, the substitution acidity (pH – KCl) was reduced by 0.49 after 5 years. The results for CaCO3 show that the soils are generally carbonate-free or weakly carbonated , well supplied with humus and the percentage of contetnt of N decreased by 21.91% in the five-year period. Low content of easily accessible phosphorus was identified in both year in over 50 percentage of the soil samples while mostly soil samples are well supplied with easily accessible potassium.
PRE-EXERCISE CARBOHYDRATE ADMINISTRATION: EFFECT OF TIMING ON THE RATE OF GLYCOGEN METABOLISM DURING SUBMAXIMAL RUNNING
Authors: Konidari Aikaterini , Chatzakis Prokopios , Zacharogiannis Elias
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic responses of the timing of preexercise carbohydrate feeding. Nine moderately trained runners, 7 men, and 2 women, performed an incremental test to exhaustion followed by three 6 min running trials at 75% VO2max on the treadmill. The submaximal runs were performed after ingestion a placebo solution (PLA) one hour before or CHO solution 1gr.kgBM-1 one (CHO60) or two hours (CHO120) before the trial. All trials were performed at least 2 days apart in a double-blind cross-over design following an overnight fast. The results showed no significant differences in physiological parameters (VO2, RER, HR) and CHO metabolism between the three conditions. Blood glucose concentration immediately before the 6-min trials was higher after CHO60 (1.22±0.23 gr.L-1) compared to CHO120 (0.93±0.10 gr.L-1) conditions (p=0.007, η2= 0.567). These findings suggest that preexercise timing of CHO ingestion results in significantly different blood glucose concentrations prior to submaximal running, with no further metabolic and physiological alterations.
 

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SPORTS ANXIETY OF ATHLETES AND THEIR COPING SKILLS
Authors: Broa Dann Ian G. , Abellanosa Gaudencio G.
Published: March 2023

This study examined sports anxiety and coping skills in high school students from the Davao del Sur Division using online survey questionnaires for 101 participants who are high school students from three major public schools in Davao del Sur. To address the study hypotheses, correlation analysis using Pearson's product-moment correlation, mean, and linear regression was used. Sports Anxiety among athletes is moderate; the results also showed that the athletes' coping skills are at a high level; In addition, there is a significant correlation between sports anxiety and the coping strategies of athletes; However, there is no significant impact of the range of sports anxiety on athletes' coping skills.
 

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APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES WITH MUSIC TO DEVELOP THE GENERAL PHYSICAL FITNESS OF FOUR-GRADED STUDENTS IN HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM
Authors: Tin Nguyen Huu , Tien Nguyen Van , Vinh Nguyen Quang
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to select and apply physical exercises with music to enhance the general physical health of grade 4 students at a public Primary school in District 8, Ho Chi Minh City. To conduct the study, 79 fourth-grade pupils were randomly chosen and divided into two groups, namely experimental and control. While the control group consisting of 17 males and 22 females was instructed using the present Physical Education curriculum, the experimental group including 17 males and 22 females was given physical exercises with music. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. Applying the conventional approaches to studying sports, the study selected five exercise groups (15 exercises with music) for chest/shoulders/arms, abdomen/torso, legs, and two compounds. The results indicated that the music-based exercises could promote the general physical fitness of four-grade pupils at a public Primary school in District 8, Ho Chi Minh City.
 

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GREEK SOCCER COACHES’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS INCLUSION OF YOUNG ATHLETES WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Loules Georgios , Christakis Argyrios , Krommidas Charalampos , Kokaridas Dimitrios , Tzachristos Evangelos
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the present study was to examine possible differences on soccer coaches’ attitudes towards the inclusion of young athletes with disabilities due to gender, age group, coaching experience, coaching diploma, and educational background. Thus, 285 Greek soccer coaches (248 males, 37 females), aged 21 to 74 years old (Mage: 41.89 ± 10.16 years) voluntarily participated in the present study. The Greek version of Teacher Integration Attitudes Questionnaire (TIAQ; Sideridis & Chandler, 1997) was delivered to them online. The results showed that more than half of the soccer coaches reported that they do not have the knowledge or that it is not applicable to cope with the instructional needs of children with disabilities such as orthopedic disabilities (62.8%), multiple disabilities (59.4%), and intellectual disability (61.1%). In contrast, more than half of the soccer coaches reported that they have the knowledge to cope with the instructional needs of children with disabilities such as behavioral disorders (67.4%), and learning difficulties (77.2%). No significant differences (p > .05) emerged on soccer coaches’ attitudes towards inclusion sub-scales (skills, benefits, acceptance, support) due to gender, age group, coaching experience, coaching diploma, and educational background. It is recommended to soccer coaches, especially those who train young people with disabilities, to expand their knowledge in the field of adapted physical education in order to feel more confident and qualified to train their young athletes.
 

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EXPERIENCE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM IN COMBINING MILITARY AND DIPLOMACY (1954 - 1975)
Authors: Thuy Nguyen Thi Le
Published: March 2023

Combining military struggle with the diplomatic struggle in the resistance war against the US, saving the country demonstrates the Party's art of leadership, which is a factor in Vietnam's strength to win over the US. The victory in the resistance war against the US and the salvation of the country demonstrated that the party's combination was correct and creative, and it provided the revolution with a number of valuable experiences.
 

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EFFECTS OF SCHOOL DISTANCE ON GIRLS’ EDUCATION AND INFLUENCE ON GENDER INEQUALITY IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: CASE STUDY OF COMMUNITY SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN PANGANI AND HANDENI DISTRICTS, TANZANIA
Authors: Msoffe Rahma M. , Mohamed Fauzia
Published: March 2023

Gender equality in education has been an issue of interest in developing strategies for many countries across the world whereas gender issues have been integrated into the world development agendas. Despite efforts made to achieve gender equality in education, few countries worldwide have attained full gender parity in secondary education. Tanzania like other SSA countries has worked hard to achieve gender equality in education as given by EFA goal number 5, MDG goal number 3 and currently SDG goal number 5. However, the problem of girls dropping out early from school and poor academic performance continues to be prevalent (URT, 2016). Long school distance is pointed out as one of the factors influencing gender inequality in secondary education. This study, therefore, examined the effects of school distance on girls’ education and its influence on gender inequality in secondary education. The study was guided by three specific objectives, which were carried out through Cross-Sectional - Convergent Parallel Mixed methods research design to allow simultaneous collection and merging of quantitative and qualitative data. The sample was obtained by using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques making a total of 101 sample sizes, comprising 79 respondents for quantitative data and 22 for qualitative information. Data analysis involved thematic analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative findings. Study findings revealed that girls are more vulnerable to the problem of long school distances than boys because of biological formation and socially constructed beliefs about gender roles. The study findings noted that school distance encourages the prevalence of sexual harassment, early sexual relations and teenage pregnancy among school girls all of which lead to poor academic performance and or school dropout. Additionally, this study indicated that school distance coupled with the burden of domestic chores negatively affects girls’ school attendance, classroom learning and academic performance. This study, therefore, concludes that long school distance is one among main factors that affect girls’ education and contribute to the persistence of gender disparities in secondary education. To resolve the problem, this study recommends on the introduction of education PPPs so as to merge efforts among education stakeholders in building school hostels in every community secondary school in the country and fully furnish them with the required facilities.
 

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A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL DISASTERS AND RESPONSE IN SINDH, PAKISTAN
Authors: Shah Sada Hussain
Published: March 2023

Climate change is the most important issue of the 21st century, the whole world is facing the consequences of climate change. Countries that are poor and have low capacity are always vulnerable to natural disasters. Many initiatives are being taken to improve the resistance power of communities affected by disasters. This study was conducted to analyze the utilization of funds and capacity to respond to disasters caused by flash floods in 2010. The study was conducted using key informant interviews and focused group discussions. A thorough qualitative analysis was conducted to understand the financial and technical initiatives taken by the government to respond to the disaster. The data were analyzed using simple thematic and content analysis methods. The study has identified the common threats of riverine floods in affected districts and the capacity of the local and provincial governments. The study has also analyzed the pre-disaster preparations and capacity of the government. Two districts were taken understudy from Sindh province one from the north and one from the south. The study found the obvious flood threat for the southern district was the left bank outfall drain hereinafter (LBDO). Whereas the potential flooding threat for the northern district was the river Indus. The study found that the existing government structure and community are not strong and prepare enough to face disasters. The study has identified capacity-building and preparation gaps at the levels of community and government. The study has identified the gap in managing and analyzing regular data and building a structure that facilitates on-time evidence-based decisions to reduce the impact of future disasters.
 

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EXAMINE THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR NGITURKANA CHRISTIAN CONVERSION TO ISLAM
Authors: Lochodo Malcom Charles
Published: March 2023

In places that were formerly unfriendly to Muslims, the number of converts has risen dramatically in recent years. Numerous examples may be cited, including the conversion of Christians in South Korea to Islam, as well as native-born Britons. Igboland, the Christian core of Nigeria, is also experiencing this trend, as seen by the proliferation of Islamic schools/institutions, Mosques, and well-off Igbo converts to Islam. While it was formerly thought that the economic motive was driving the majority of Igbo converts to Islam, recent research has shown that this is no longer true. According to Lines Kevin, the intellectual element of Islam is a major draw for Igbo converts today.  Since it is often held that the Igbo are concerned with money, it is also commonly held that they converted to Islam to earn more wealth; nevertheless, the findings of the present study would contradict this belief. The practice of people changing their religious affiliation has been going on for centuries, and it remains a fascinating and relevant issue in the modern world. As an example, consider the Ngiturkana people's shift from Christianity to Islam. The purpose of this research is to look at the difficulties and potential benefits of this occurrence, particularly as they pertain to the Ngiturkana people of Kenya. Ngiturkana Christians' decisions to convert to Islam provide several obstacles and possibilities, and it's crucial to have a full picture of the situation. Converting to Islam, on the one hand, may open doors to new spiritual communities and give people a renewed sense of purpose in life.  On the other side, converts may face hostility and rejection from loved ones and the public, as well as challenges in locating a welcoming religious group and obtaining necessary religious materials.  The goal of this research is to offer a thorough analysis of the difficulties and potential benefits of the Ngiturkana people's decision to convert from Christianity to Islam. The research will look at why people convert, how converts feel, and how the public views conversion. The research aspires to add to the continuing discourse on religious tolerance and variety by providing greater knowledge of this significant phenomenon.
 

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ANALYZING THE STRUGGLES OF STUDENTS AND GRADUATES OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN TANZANIA
Authors: Garaba Athanas M. , Kumar Sandeep
Published: March 2023

Education aims forever to provide a better life, and still, the aim is the same. However, the meaning of better has changed with time, particularly at the individual, national, and international levels. The changes for the betterment are influenced by many factors, including the country’s educational systems. This study finds a better situation of learning and easy job acquisition by exploring the struggles encountered by students and graduates from Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges, institutions, and centers in Tanzania and highlighting the possible way forward. The Findings on students’ struggles in learning and struggles in the labor market (of getting jobs) after graduating from TVET colleges or centers of Tanzania are caused explicitly by the existing TVET system. TVET teachers are not well equipped with technological, management, and personal (TMP) skills, pedagogical skills, content knowledge, lack of commitments, poor motivations, and unrealistic technical and vocational policies. Students, parents and employers’ perceptions also contribute to students’ struggle in learning and job attainments. The study mainly answered the questions like why students struggle in learning and why they struggle in the labor market to get jobs. Several themes (thematic analysis) were drawn from the study and addressed/ attempted to answer the raised questions with references to the existing evidence of the Tanzanian context and Africa. The study is purely a qualitative. Lastly, the study strongly advises revamping the existing pedagogy in TVET and TVET policy due to their weaknesses in the educational system. Though, the government should take into consideration all issues noticed.
 

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FACTORS OF HIGHER EDUCATION CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY IN JIANGSU, CHINA
Authors: Xiaoyan Wang , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Tham Jacquline
Published: March 2023

This study examines the sustainable growth of China’s curriculum management system for higher education. As a literature review, this research examines various aspects of the Chinese curriculum management system for higher education. China, a rapidly developing nation, strives to enhance its educational system. After a thirty-year conflict that inflicted unimaginable suffering, the country must be rebuilt. Higher education is essential for satisfying the needs of the country. The structure of observed learning outcomes may be used to build a curriculum centred on learning outcomes, so enhancing the quality and alignment of national education. Curriculum designers facilitate education within the context of developing methodologies, subject matter, and course selections. Concerns over pedagogy and curriculum among curriculum writers have increased in this era of rapid change. Most importantly, it provides curriculum authors with classroom experience-based data. Curriculum designers and college administrators will profit from the results.
 

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Un café por la Reumatología: Especial cubrimiento PANLAR 2021 - Día 2
Authors: by PANLAR Global Rheumatology
Published: March 2023

En este nuevo podcast conversamos y hacemos el resumen de lo que sucedió en el segundo día del Congreso PANLAR 2021 y lo que vendrá en el programa científico para el tercer día.
Candidemia: A Hospital Based Study in Haematological Patients in Adult Population of Northern India
Authors: banerjee Gopa
Published: March 2023

Background: Candidemia has become a common cause of fungal infection in bloodstream infection throughout the world. In hematological malignancies, patients have high rate of morbidity and mortality due to Candidemia. Objective: Early diagnosis and specific identification of Candida species in hematological patients is main purpose of the proposed study.

Methods: In present study we enrolled patients with hematological malignancies (duration November 2018- April 2022). For early diagnosis of Candidemia we did conventional method, antigen detection and PCR. We compared the conventional, automated, antigen detection test and PCR method for diagnosis of Candidemia and then we performed antifungal susceptibility testing for treatment in hematological patients.

Results: Total 229 patients were enrolled on the basis of febrile neutropenia. Total 152/229 male (66.37%) and 77/229 (33.62%) were participated in present study followed by age range from 10- 77 years (Mean=33.65, Standard deviation=16.40). Prevalence of the Candidemia was 2.1 in the present study. Five patients (2.6%) were positive from blood culture and nine patients (4.8%) were positive by PCR. Among 4 patients of AML, there were 3 Candida troicalis (3; 1.60%) and 1 Candida auris (1; 0.5%) were present followed by 1 patient of pancytopenia Candida tropicalis (1; 0.5%) present.

Conclusion: This present observational study recognizes main association of Candidemia in hematological malignancies. Automated methods are more sensitive and specific for species identification. We try to apply Non culture method like PCR and mannan antigen in routine laboratories to diagnose early stage Candidemia infection for better treatment to cure the disease.
Epidemiology of COVID-19 in two cities in southern Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study
Authors: Alexandrino Eduardo Gauze , Meller Fernanda Oliveira , Meucci Rodrigo Dalke , Da Silva Priscila Arruda , Schäfer Antônio Augusto , Dumith Samuel Carvalho
Published: March 2023

The first recommendations to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were made without epidemiological information on what would be people’s behaviors in view of the biopsychosocial and physical effects of confinement because of a health emergency with great economic impact. Objective: To determine the incidence of COVID-19; analyze the associated behavioral and sociodemographic factors. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of two cities in southern Brazil. 2,170 individuals aged 18 years or over were interviewed from October 2020 to January 2021. Data were collected in person at the place of residence of the individuals using a questionnaire.  Results: The incidence of COVID-19 was 6.8% (95% confidence interval, CI: 5.4; 8.4), and was significantly higher in white people, aged between 18 and 59 years, married, with higher education, higher family income, and who lived in an apartment. The incidence of COVID-19 was associated with diabetes. People who stayed less time at home has a higher incidence (3.7% versus 7.5%). The most reported symptoms were excessive tiredness, reduced smell and taste. Most of the individuals (85%) sought a health facility and less than 5% were hospitalized. Conclusion: Almost one in ten individuals was infected by COVID-19. The incidence was higher for adults (because of being more exposed), individuals from higher socioeconomic level (because of having tested more) and in diabetics. Almost everyone stayed home after being diagnosed with the virus, and the main risk factor was having contact with someone infected.
The Influence of Product Quality, Price, and Information on Buying Decisions of Bulk Cooking Oil in Wringinanom District, Gresik District
Authors:   Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Yudha Wardani Triadinda , Yuliati Nuriah ,   Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Dian Wijayati Prasmita ,   Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

The price of bulk cooking oil in East Java, which has decreased and increased in the last five years, is also followed by an increase in consumers of bulk cooking oil from 2017 to 2021. Bulk cooking oil is a very important staple, because almost all food is cooked using oil fry. This study analyzes the characteristics of consumers of bulk cooking oil, the reasons consumers buy, and analyzes the factors that influence purchasing decisions. This research was conducted in a traditional market, namely Pasar Sasak. The sampling technique was "accidental sampling" with a total of 56 consumers of bulk cooking oil. The sample criteria are bulk cooking oil consumers aged 15-64 years. The analytical method uses SEM-PLS with the help of the SmartPLS version 4 application. The results of this study indicate that product quality, price, and information have a positive effect on purchasing decisions for bulk cooking oil.
Biorremediação de águas residuárias industriais via microalgas: efeitos da disponibilidade de nutrientes na produção de bioprodutos de valor agregado
Authors:   , Gama Rafael Carvalho Nogueira da
Published: March 2023

Apesar de sua importância econômica, a indústria alimentícia é responsável por diversos im- pactos ambientais negativos, principalmente quando suas águas residuárias são lançadas de forma inadequada nos corpos hídricos. A biotecnologia de microalgas pode representar uma solução potencial para minimizar esses impactos, atuando na biorremediação de diversos tipos de águas residuárias e produzindo biomassa de valor agregado. No entanto, alguns gargalos ainda precisam ser superados, por exemplo, a baixa produtividade de biomassa de lagoas de algas de alta taxa (LATs). Portanto, com o objetivo de melhorar a produção de biomassa e o desempenho do tratamento de águas residuárias da indústria de alimentos, este estudo avaliou o efeito de diferentes relações C/N pela mistura de águas residuárias de cervejaria e processa- mento de carne durante o cultivo de microalgas em LATs. Foram avaliados meios de cultivo em condições ótimas (C/N = 6), déficit (C/N<6) e excedente (C/N>6) de carbono. O cresci- mento da biomassa não foi influenciado pelas condições nutricionais, tanto na produção de clorofila-a (0,28 - 0,33 g/m²) quanto na produção de biomassa total (4 - 5 g/m²), evidenciando a capacidade do consórcio microalga-bacteriano de se adaptar a diferentes condições. As remo- ções totais de carbono, nitrogênio e fósforo foram influenciadas pela disponibilidade de nutri- entes. As melhores taxas de remoção de carbono, nitrogênio e fósforo foram 62% (C/N ≥ 7,4), 59% (C/N = 4,1) e 58% (C/N = 4,1), respectivamente. As condições de déficit de carbono al- cançaram melhor eficiência no tratamento, porém houve maior produção de ácidos graxos poli- insaturados quando mais carbono estava disponível. Já quanto à produtividade da biomassa microalgal e ao acúmulo de carotenoides, não houve diferença entre as condições avaliadas. Sendo assim, os resultados deste estudo apontam e debatem os pontos positivos e desafios en- contrados para viabilizar a rota de aproveitamento da biomassa microalgal na suplementação animal, buscando a valorização de recursos advindos do tratamento de águas residuárias. Palavras-chave: Disponibilidade de nutrientes. Indústria alimentícia. Águas residuais mistas. Produtividade de biomassa. Lagoas de algas de alta taxa.
Security Sector Reform SSR: an Approach for Sustainable Peace and Restore Security in Transitional-Democratizing Sudan
Authors: Shaaeldin ELnazeer
Published: March 2023

The center of this paper is to tackle the challenges of Security Sector Reform SSR in transitional Sudan, followed a thriving popular uprising evicted authoritarian –corrupted regime of the National Congress Party NCP had often led by former president Omer Al-Bāshir in April 2019. In fact, supremacy of military on Sudan’s politics, expansion of array paramilitaries, militias, pro-regime ethnic groups, sever corruption and ambiguous peace, allthese complicating restore security, defect democratization and SSR agenda in the country. Therefore, this paper argues that political –structural reform, end corruption and revive economy’s processes and objects will probably lessen these formidable difficulties. The main objectives of this paper are to clarify how development of array paramilitaries along the country, economic deterioration continue impeding SSR agenda and democratization in Sudan; demonstrate the role of formulation of new national andforeign policies objectives in supporting application of SSR program, and illustrate how political –structural reform bases on civilian-democratized form will downsize domination of military in security sector and politics of Sudan. Uses analytical-inductive technique of Sudan politics, security sector challenges and democratic reform process, the paper shows that in transition Sudan, SSR, is a complicated process, combines purely political reform, targeting governance; civil societies and institutions reforms. Efforts should be exerted by international actors in supporting transitional government likely facilitate addressing issues of ending peace and economic recovery; could robust a path forward to democracy, stability and security. This paper shall probably be able to close the visible academic gap, by expanding debate and deepening understanding on governance, institutions reforms and functioning of SSR agenda in transition, democratizing Sudan.