bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing Probiotics as a Sustainable Approach to Improve Aquatic Species Health and Growth
Authors: Pardosi Agatha Sesilia , Putri Natasha , Edelwis Tri Widya , Nurmiati Nurmiati , El-Sharawyy Monde
Published: October 2024

Probiotics have emerged as a vital component in aquaculture, demonstrating significant potential to enhance the health and growth of aquatic species. Currently, a variety of commercial probiotic products are available, derived from numerous bacterial species, including Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Carnobacterium, and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, among others. These beneficial microorganisms play a crucial role in improving gut health, boosting immune responses, and mitigating stress in fish, ultimately leading to increased survival rates and productivity. This study adopts a literature review approach, critically analyzing existing knowledge, concepts, and findings from theoretically oriented and academic sources. The primary data sources for this research include reputable platforms such as Google Scholar, accredited scientific journals, and other relevant scholarly databases. By systematically gathering articles from these sources, the study ensures a comprehensive examination of the current state of research on the utilization of probiotics in aquaculture. This review elucidates the mechanisms through which probiotics can bolster fish health, improve growth rates, and promote overall ecosystem sustainability. The findings not only highlight the numerous benefits associated with probiotic usage but also address the challenges and future directions for research in this field. By fostering a deeper understanding of these microbial solutions, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on sustainable aquaculture practices, paving the way for innovative approaches to fish farming that prioritize environmental stewardship.
Determining The Shelf Life of Tamban Fish Choux Pastry (Sardinella Lemuru) Using Aluminum Foil Packaging using The Aslt Method
Authors: Jumsurizal Jumsurizal , Putri R. Marwita Sari , Amrizal Sri Novalina , Ilhamdy Aidil Fadli , Viruly Lily , Oktovia Yulia , Apriandi Azwin , Hidayat Taufik , Lah Roslizawati Ab , Nurhayati Devi
Published: October 2024

Choux pasty is known as sus, which is defined as a cake that has a dry, hollow and light texture so that it can be filled with various variations. Tamban fish meat is less popular with the public because it has many spines, so it can be used as raw material for making choux pastry which is capable of containing quality, added product value and good nutritional content. Apart from that, it can produce products with a delicious taste. Aluminum foil type plastic packaging is one type of plastic that is widely used in making food because it is the best type of plastic which is able to prevent chemical reactions and has heat resistant properties. Aluminum foil type plastic packaging in the form of a standing pouch has excellent air and light barrier capabilities and has a locking clip. This method uses environmental conditions that can accelerate the reaction of decreasing product quality. The use of the Arrhenius model on dry products can predict the rate of chemical reactions resulting in damage or changes in product quality at various storage temperatures. My research used 3 different temperatures, namely, temperature 30, temperature 40 and temperature 50. The shelf life parameters used in my research are peroxide value, hedonic test, water content and total plate number. The data contained in the research carried out on day 0 is: Water content is the ratio between the weight of water contained in a product and the weight of dry ingredients. Water content can be used to determine the quality and shelf life of products and foam to determine humidity. The initial water content value on day 0 was 3.78.
Utilization of Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa Oleifera) against the Ectoparasite Zeylanicobdella sp. on Grouper Fish In In-Vitro
Authors: Maurid Raihan Syahrul , Wulandari Rika , Miranti Shavika , Putri Dwi Septiani , Muzahar Muzahar , Yulianto Tri , Bakkara Okto Rimandi , Irawan Henky
Published: October 2024

Grouper is a mainstay commodity for mariculture in Indonesia. One of the obstacles in cultivating grouper fish in floating net cages is the infection of the hirudinea sea leech Zeylanicobdella sp. Leech infection causes fish growth to be stunted and they may not even be sold. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera) and its effective dose which can kill sea leeches. This research was carried out in November – December 2023 for 30 days located at the Pengujan Fish Seed Center (BBI), Bintan Regency, Riau Islands Province. This research includes making extracts using 96% ethanol solvent, qualitatively testing the active content of simplicia, probit analysis of extracts on Artemia salina test animals and testing extracts on the leech Zeylanicobdella sp. The graded extract doses used for the LC-50 test on Artemia salina are 20 ppm, 40 ppm and 60 ppm. Meanwhile, the dose for testing on the leech Zeylanicobdella sp. namely 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 30 ppm. Determination of dosage for leeches is based on the LC50-24 value. The research results showed that the percentage of water content was 81,73% and the total yield was 9.25%. The results of the phytochemical test showed that 96% ethanol was successful in attracting bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The LC50-24 hour value shows that the dose of Moringa leaf extract that can cause 50% death of test animals is 30,549 ppm and the best dose that can kill Zeylanicobdella sp. leeches namely a concentration of 30,549 ppm.
Enhancing Waste Management and Marine Ecosystem Protection for Tourism Sustainability on Buluh Island
Authors: Akmarul Putera Dimas , Amalia Rofii Eva , Lawi Ansarullah , Oktavia Puspita Rini Rosie , Andika Putra Arief
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates waste management strategies on Buluh Island to enhance marine ecosystem protection and ensure tourism sustainability. The research highlights a significant relationship between waste accumulation and the degradation of marine ecosystems, which threatens both the environment and the island’s tourism sector. Utilizing qualitative interviews, environmental assessments, and surveys with key stakeholders, the study identifies the pressing challenges of plastic waste and insufficient infrastructure. The findings recommend localized waste management interventions, community-driven initiatives, and circular economy practices that can mitigate environmental impact and support the island’s economic future. These insights provide a model for sustainable tourism in small coastal communities, integrating waste reduction with marine conservation efforts.
Decolorization of Rhodamine B by the white rot fungus Coriolopsis caperata isolated from Central Kalimantan Forest
Authors: Agnestisia Retno , Panjaitan Desimaria , Erdene-Ochir Togtokhbayar , Asi Nion Yanetri , Putra Ramdhani Eka , Jhonatan Krissilvio Eka , Karelius Karelius
Published: October 2024

The decolorization of rhodamine B was examined using the white rot fungus Coriolopsis caperata, which was isolated from the Peat Swamp Forest at CIMTROP in Sebangau, Central Kalimantan. The experiments were carried out with varying concentrations of dye (10-100 mg/L) and incubation times (2-16 days) in a modified glucose-peptone medium. During the decolorization process, the enzyme activity of laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) was monitored. The findings revealed a clear link between enzyme activity and decolorization efficiency of C. caperata. The ideal conditions for fungal laccase synthesis and decolorization occurred at a dye concentration of 60 mg/L and were achieved for 12 days. These findings suggest that the white rot fungus C. caperata, isolated from the Central Kalimantan Forest could be developed into a novel bioremediation strategy for synthetic dyes.
Colorful Life on Indonesia’s: Coral Reefs Reveals Fish
Authors: Sari Keysa Puspita , Putri Cinta Radila , Ningsih Kiki Afriana , Edelwis T. W. , Alexis Andrew
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is known as an archipelago that has one of the richest marine ecosystems in the world, especially coral reefs. Indonesia’s coral reefs, which are part of the world’s coral reef triangle, provide habitat for various fish species that support the balance of marine ecosystems. This research was conducted through a literature study with the aim of revealing the diversity of fish species that inhabit coral reefs in Indonesia. Data were collected from various scientific sources and journals that discuss the condition of Indonesia’s coral reef biodiversity. The study results show that coral reefs in Indonesia are home to more than 2,000 species of fish, ranging from herbivorous and carnivorous fish to species that play an important role in maintaining the health of coral reefs, such as reef fish (Pomacentrida). However, pressures from human activities, climate change and marine pollution pose serious threats to this diversity. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the diversity of coral reef ecosystems to maintain fish diversity and ecological balance in Indonesian waters.
Sensitive and Simple Electroanalytical Method for Lead Detection in Seawater Using VAdS with Eriochrome Blue Black R
Authors: Pardi Hilfi , Willian Nancy , Fitriyah Dina , Whiter Kenthon
Published: October 2024

A novel electroanalytical approach for lead detection was developed using the voltammetric adsorptive stripping (VAdS) method with Eriochrome Blue Black R (EBBR) as the complexing agent. The method operates by accumulating the Lead-EBBR complex on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and measuring the peak current. The complex reduces at -0.46 V, with the peak current increasing as small amounts of EBBR are introduced into the sample. Key parameters such as pH, EBBR concentration, accumulation time (tacc), and accumulation potential (Eacc) were optimized. Under optimal conditions (pH 3, 0.6 mol/L EBBR, tacc 60 s, Eacc 0.35 V, and 40 mmol buffer), the peak current correlated directly with Lead (II) concentrations from 0.05 to 100 µg/L, with a detection limit of 0.01 µg/L. The method exhibited high precision, with a relative standard deviation of 0.5% for a 10 µg/L Lead (II) solution over ten trials. Validation of the method was achieved by comparing results from seawater samples from former bauxite mining areas, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), showing similar outcomes. The VAdS method proved highly effective for detecting Lead (II) in seawater contaminated by mining waste.
Evaluation of Nutritional Content of Fermented Fish Visceral Silage using Sorbic Acid and Effective Microorganism (EM4)
Authors: Putri Dwi Septiani , Miranti Shavika , Wulandari Rika , Muzahar Muzahar , Yulianto Tri , Bakkara Okto Rimandi , Irawan Henky , Zubandi Zubandi
Published: October 2024

Fish silage is a liquid product produced from whole or part of a fish processed by fermentation utilizing the activity of enzymes produced by microba. The fermentation process can be carried out chemically or biological. The purpose of this research is to determine the nutritional content of fish silage fermented using Sorbic Acid and EM4. This research uses an experimental method by mixing cleaned fish with 3% Sorbic Acid and 20% EM4. The highest protein content is found in fish silage fermented with Sorbic Acid, that is 55.05% followed by fat and carbohydrate content of 22.01% and 19.61%. Meanwhile the protein content of fish silage fermented with EM4 is 26.55%. Research results show that fish silage fermented with Sorbic Acid has the best performance by increasing the protein content of the silage.
Comparative Analysis of the Distribution and Composition of Grouper Fish (Family Serranidae) in the Coral Reef Ecosystems of Batanta and Salawati Islands, Raja Ampat
Authors: Putra Risandi Dwirama , Purnamasari Ni Wayan , Siringoringo Rikoh Manogar , Abrar Muhammad , Kurniawan Rika , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Arbi Ucu Yanu , Parwadani Aji Ludi
Published: October 2024

The Coral Reef Ecosystems of Batanta and Salawati Islands, Raja Ampat is a critical habitat for grouper species (Family Serranidae), which play essential roles in coral reef ecosystems. This study assessed the species composition, abundance, and biomass of groupers across 12 sampling sites in the region. Using the Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method, we identified 14 grouper species, with Plectropomus areolatus classified as vulnerable by the IUCN. Our results revealed an average grouper abundance 17.33 ind/350m2 for Batanta and 18.33 ind/350m2 for Salawati. An average biomass the mean biomass 4288.16 gr/350m2 for Batanta and 1881.10 gr/350m2 for Salawati, indicating substantial biomass within the area. Statistical analyses, including the Kruskal-Wallis test and t- tests reveal no significant difference in abundance between the two locations, as indicated by the non-significant p-value (p = 0.87). Correlation analysis demonstrated a very strong positive relationship between grouper abundance and biomass, suggesting that the Anthropogenic activities have not yet significantly impacted the grouper populations in Salawati and Batanta. The study emphasizes the importance of habitat protection and sustainable fisheries management to support grouper populations. Additionally, ongoing monitoring and adaptive management strategies are necessary to ensure the long-term health of grouper populations and the coral reef ecosystems they inhabit.
Maritime Boundary Arrangements with Other Countries and The Economic Impact on Indonesian Fishermen
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Maharani Dewi Nadya , Maharaja Gusti Bintang
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is greatly interested in maritime borders with other countries as a maritime country. This is because it influences the country’s security and citizens’ socio-economy. As is known, the number of fishermen in Indonesia is vast, around 1,500. 000 inhabitants. There are several ways to create a territorial sea boundary with another country. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) governs the Territorial Sea and the Exclusive Economic Zone (ZEE). There are severe repercussions for fishermen of territorial waters with other countries if boundary issues are not well agreed upon, especially economically. The impact of conflict is not widespread for fishermen at sea. If not maximized, the economy will be disrupted, ultimately affecting society’s welfare. This study will examine the impact of these issues in detail and the steps that can be taken to minimize the risk to border fishermen. The policy taken by the government must be implemented for the safety and welfare of Indonesian fishermen because fishermen are widespread throughout Indonesia, including along the coastline that reaches 95,181 kilometers in length and on many small islands, especially those bordering waters with other countries. Moreover, countries bordering quite a lot there are ten countries. The method used is qualitative, and the type of research is normative with literature studies.
Legal Awareness of Bintan Island Coastal Communities In Preventing Election Crimes: Sociological Jurisprudence
Authors: Haryanti Dewi , Adhayanto Oksep , Harmain Irfan , Intan Dian Mustika , Endri Endri , Widiyani Heni , Efritadewi Ayu , Arjuna Hendra , Nengsih Neng Suryanti , Thomas Debby Sharonly , Sihombing Lamtiur Mariana Lely , Ayuandita Nisya
Published: October 2024

This research examines the legal awareness of the coastal communities on Bintan Island regarding the prevention of election crimes, using a sociological jurisprudence approach. Coastal communities in Bintan rely heavily on marine resources and exhibit low education levels, making them susceptible to exploitation during elections through black campaigns and money politics. Utilizing empirical legal research and qualitative methods, this study investigates how socio-economic factors and local customs influence legal compliance. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with community members and leaders. Findings reveal that while there is some awareness of election crimes, skepticism about law enforcement remains prevalent, further exacerbated by poverty and inadequate legal education. To address these challenges, the study recommends implementing tailored legal outreach programs and enhancing law enforcement to strengthen electoral integrity in coastal communities. By understanding the interplay between law, society, and local customs, the research provides insights into improving legal awareness and reducing election violations in Bintan Island’s coastal areas.
Ethnographic Study On The Minang Aek Tradition Of The Tambelan Community, Riau Archipelago
Authors: Zaitun Zaitun , Saad Mohd Faizulamri Mohd , Atmadinata Atmadinata , Hendra Hendra
Published: October 2024

His study aims to describe and ethnographically examine the ritual aspects, cultural meanings, and social functions of the Minang Aek tradition practiced by the Tambelan community. The research employs an ethnographic approach, with data collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders, community figures, and ritual participants, video documentation, and literature review. The findings reveal that the Minang Aek tradition is performed during celebrations such as weddings or circumcision ceremonies. In this study, the Minang Aek tradition was observed during a circumcision event, with the following procession: a household performing a circumcision for a family member, and on the second day of the event, several community members, including the family hosting the celebration, carried water jugs. A middle-aged man dressed as a woman and wearing a shawl, a boat helmsman, and a drummer were also present. The tradition involves using a decorated boat adorned with small red and white flags attached to poles and a batik cloth tied at the rear of the boat as they visit seven water sources. The water collected is then blessed by an imam or traditional leader and used to bathe the circumcised child. The event concludes with prayers and a communal meal.
Prey Composition of Spotted Scat, Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) from Madong - Sei Nyirih Waters, Tanjungpinang, Riau Island, Indonesia
Authors: Zahid Ahmad , Susiana Susiana , Kurniawan Dedy , Apriadi Tri , Melani Winny Retna , Muzammil Wahyu , Zulfikar Andi , Sari T. Ersti Yulika , Putra Darma Wijaya , Kasradianti Yulisa , Abdillah Iqbal Dzulqaidah Nur
Published: October 2024

Food habits and feeding ecology research are a fundamental tool to understand fish roles within their ecosystems. Fish sampling was conducted from May to July 2024 in Madong – Sei Nyirih waters. 85 fish samples were analysed by prey item, occurrence frequency, and volume of prey. The spotted scat showed flexibility in their feeding ecology was based on prey composition. The gut contents showed an ontogenetic shift in diet with an increase in length, the main food of the smaller specimens (<100 mm SL) consisted of different species of algae, while larger sized (>100 mm SL) fish have the most diversified prey items in their diet, although algae were predominant.
The Role of Traditional Knowledge and Local Values in Community-Based Waste Management in Small Islands: A Case Study of Penyengat Island
Authors: Ismail Khodijah , Syakti Agung Dhamar , Raza’i Tengku Said , Lestari Febrianti , Apdillah Dony , Andia Bherly , Saputra Rio , Ronaldy Ronaldy , Bahri Samsul , Gatfur Andi , Luthfi Wan Ahmad
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the correlation between local knowledge and values and the effectiveness of community-based waste management.. This study uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. The sampling points were divided into four clusters representing the four sides of the island by interviewing 97 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using correlation analysis, while qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that local knowledge and values significantly affected the effectiveness of waste management, which was visualized with heatmaps. The strength of the color shows visualization; the redder, the more substantial and more positive the value, and the color’s intensity reflects the correlation’s magnitude. The strongest correlation analysis of knowledge factors on effectiveness is shown by the continuity variable with a value of 0.50, and the weakest correlation is community involvement with a value of -0.17. Then, the strongest correlation between local values and management effectiveness is shown by the sustainability value variable and general knowledge value with a value of 0.76, while the cultural practice value and the importance of values with a value of 0.55 show the weakest correlation. The research findings conclude that community-based waste management intervention strategies, especially in small island areas, can make good practices of traditional knowledge sustainability values and local values of local communities the main consideration so that waste management can be more effective.
Maritime Security and Diplomacy by the Republic of Indonesia and Other ASEAN Member States in Reducing the South China Sea Conflict
Authors: Kaloko Ilhamda Fattah , Utari Mustika Sukma
Published: October 2024

In the South China Sea conflict (SCS), Indonesia declared itself a Non-Climate State, citing the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia’s remark that China’s claims to ownership and the right to explore and exploit the SCS are illegitimate. This claim also covers Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone in Natuna. This refers to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS), which is standardized, explicit, and accepted by the majority of ASEAN countries in dispute with China in the SCS. Given that China is a state that has ratified UNCLOS 1982, it is obligated to abide by the international legal norms that it has accepted. Pacta Sunt Servanda is applicable here. In an effort to reduce China’s aggressive actions in the South China Sea, which violate a number of international laws, the disputing ASEAN nations are working with Indonesia to engage in diplomatic relations with China.
Dilute nuclear matter with light clusters and in-medium effects: Towards a unified dynamical framework
Authors: Burrello Stefano , Colonna Maria , Matera Francesco , Wang Rui
Published: October 2024

Understanding the dynamics of dilute nuclear matter is of crucial importance in several contexts, ranging from nuclear fragmentation to supernova collapse and gravitational-wave signal emission. However, within a unified dynamical framework, describing the concurrent appearance of light clusters, emerging from few-nucleon correlations, and heavier fragments formed due to large-scale correlations related to liquid-gas phase instabilities, remains a significant challenge. Within a linearized Vlasov dynamics, we show that light clusters, and in-medium effects in their propagation, have a strong influence on the growth and characteristics of the unstable modes that prelude the fragmentation of the system. These findings might pave the way for novel avenues in the study of dilute composite matter, envisioning intriguing consequences for heavy-ion collisions and in the broader astrophysical context.
Very large neutron-nucleus scattering lengths
Authors: Marqués F. Miguel , Oliveira Emeline
Published: October 2024

The interaction of neutrons and nuclei at low energies may potentially lead to strongly resonant states, characterized by scattering lengths several orders of magnitude larger than the effective range of the interaction. In order to explore the scattering of neutrons off unstable nuclei, we describe a simple analytical formalism to characterize the scattering parameters of a neutron-nucleus system created following the fast removal of a few nucleons from a slightly heavier beam. The case of the n-17B system is considered, and the implications of a potentially very large scattering length on the structure of 18,19B discussed.
Inelastic scattering reaction as a probe for monopole, dipole and quadrupole excitations
Authors: Chen Jie , Ma Junrui
Published: October 2024

The study of collective motions within atomic nuclei, such as monopole, dipole, and quadrupole excitations, is crucial for understanding nuclear structure and properties, which provide insights into the spatial distribution and dynamic nature of protons and neutrons in nuclei. By analyzing the angular distributions of these modes excited via inelastic scattering reactions, we can determine the transition characteristics and deformation lengths of nuclei. Specific case studies, including quadrupole excitations and dipole excitations indicating exotic cluster structures in light nuclei, highlight the utility of modern experimental setups like the solenoidal spectrometer and the active target detector.
Searching for particle-hole cluster bands in 8Be using the ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer
Authors: Haverson Kristian C.Z. , Smith Robin , Gai Moshe , Hughes Owen , Tindle Olivia , Bishop Jack , Brooks Alexander D. , Falezza Filippo , Kokalova Tzany , Pirrie Stuart , Stajkowski Dominik , Wheldon Carl , Butler Peter A. , Dolan Annie , Gaffney Liam P. , Jones Ben , Ojala Joonas , Rowntree Faye , Sharp David K. , Reeve Samuel , Freeman Sean J. , MacGregor Patrick T. , Labiche Marc , Gomez-Ramos Mario , Casal Jesus , Al-Aqeel Muneerah A.M.
Published: October 2024

The 7Be(d, p)8Be∗ reaction was measured in inverse kinematics at a beam energy of 11 MeV/u using the ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer, in order to identify and characterise high-excitation states in 8Be. The spin-parities of many of the states in the 16−20 MeV region can be explained as being particle-hole excitations within a two-centre shell model. The present experiment aims to elucidate the spin parities of higher excited states, > 20 MeV, to assess their candidacy as rotational excitations of the aforementioned particlehole states. The beam intensity in this experiment was measured using a downstream Micron S1 double-sided silicon strip detector to pick up elastically scattered deuterons. The focus of this paper is to present methods for calculating the beam intensity, which is key for extracting the spectroscopic factors of the measured states. Preliminary excitation spectra are also presented.
Soft Dipole Resonances in 8He and 8C
Authors: Myo Takayuki , Odsuren Myagmarjav , Katō Kiyoshi
Published: October 2024

Soft dipole resonances in 8He and 8C are investigated by applying the complex scaling method to the α + N + N + N + N five-body model for the isospin T = 2 system. The 1− excited resonant states are calculated at (Ex, Γ) = (14.0, 21.1) MeV and (12.7, 24.0) MeV for 8He and 8C, respectively. From the analyses of the configuration mixing and the spatial properties, the soft dipole resonances of two nuclei are understood to be the vibrational states of valence nucleons and the α core. They are also seen to have a good isospin symmetry. In contrast, the ground states of two nuclei show diﬀerent spatial properties indicating the symmetry breaking due to the Coulomb repulsion of valence protons in 86C2.
Reaction dynamics and nuclear structure of light exotic nuclei
Authors: Di Pietro Alessia
Published: October 2024

The paper discusses reaction experiments with low energy post-accelerated radioactive beams that investigated the role of halo structure and neutron excess on the reaction dynamics. Reactions induced by neutron-halo and proton-halo are compared and the dissimilarities in the reaction dynamics emerging from the differences in the nuclear structure are analysed. The case of neutron-rich nuclei is also discussed in particular the presence of resonances in the elastic scattering excitation function arising from the extended surface layer characteristic of these nuclei.
Nucleon and delute cluster transfer in the reactions 6Li + 9Be
Authors: Lukyanov Sergei , Azhibekov Aidos , Issatayev Talgat , Penionzhkevich Yuri , Mendibayev Kairat , Shakhov Alexey , Maslov Vladimir , Chau Nguyen Hoai
Published: October 2024

The results of experiments on studying nucleon and cluster transfer processes in the reactions of the 6Li (68 MeV) ions with the 9Be target nuclei are presented. The angular distributions for the reaction channels 9Be(6Li,α)11Bg.s and 9Be(6Li,10B)5Heg.s. have been measured. To describe the possible contributions of sequential transfer of nucleons and alpha clusters, as well as direct transfer of the 5Не cluster, the DWBA method (FRESCO) is used, the spectroscopic amplitudes are obtained for the configurations of (9Be+d) and (6Li+5He) in the 11B nucleus and (6Li+α) in the 10B nucleus. The results of the theoretical analysis agree with the experimental data and indicate a strong correlation between a neutron and an α-cluster, leading to the formation of the 5Не cluster in the transfer processes.
New studies and predictions for nuclear clustering and dynamics in the ab initio symmetry-adapted framework
Authors: Launey Kristina D. , Mumma Darin C. , Becker Kevin S. , Sargsyan Grigor H. , Good William P. , Baniecki Adriana R. , Kelly Aidan W. , Mercenne Alexis
Published: October 2024

We discuss recent studies and predictions for nuclear clustering and dynamics within the framework of the ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell model, which has opened new domains of the nuclear chart. In this framework, we show the emergence from first principles of collectivity and clustering in light to mediummass nuclei, with implications for constructing ab initio optical potentials, for studying clustering in stable and unstable nuclei, for reproducing enhanced deformations without effective charges, and for the formation of clusters and its sensitivity to the underlying inter-nucleon force.
γ-ray spectroscopic study of self-conjugate 10B nucleus with inelastic proton scattering
Authors: Kuşoğlu Aslı , Balabanski Dimiter L. , Hu Rongzhe , Fan Siqin , Xu Furong , Constantin Paul , Söderström Pär-Anders , Cuciuc Mihai , Aogaki Soichiro , Ban Sara R. , Borcea Ruxandra , Coman Adina , Corbu Radu , Costache Cristian , Covali Andrei , Dinescu Irina , Florea Nicoleta M. , Iancu Violeta , Ionescu Alina , Mărginean Nicolae M. , Mihai Constantin , Mihai Radu E. , Nedelcu Cosmina V. , Petruse Teodora , Pai Haridas , Pappalardo Alfio , Sirbu Oana A. , Sotty Christophe O. , Stan Lucian , State Alexandru N. , Testov Dimitry A. , Tozar Tatiana , Turturica Andrei , Turturica Gabriel V. , Ujeniuc Sorin , Ur Calin A. , Vasilca Vlad , Zhu Fan
Published: October 2024

A γ-ray spectroscopic study of 10B is reported. Excited states in 10B were populated in inelastic proton scattering and their γ-decays were measured with the ELIFANT array, a state-of-the-art spectrometer with large volume LaBr3:Ce and CeBr3 detectors placed in anti-Compton shields and having unprecedented efficiency for high-energy γ rays. A few weak transitions were observed in the experiment, namely M3 transition between Jπ, T = 0+1, 1 isobaric analog state to the Jπ, T = 3+1,0 ground state and E2 transition between the Jπ, T = 2+1,0 state and the isobaric analog state. The results are compared to a new set of ab initio no-core shell model calculation using the newest version of the local position-space chiral N3LO nucleon-nucleon interaction, which correctly reproduces the spectrum of the excited states in 10B, a problem of the theory in previous years.
Local alpha strength functions for alpha knockout reactions
Authors: Nakatsukasa Takashi , Hinohara Nobuo
Published: October 2024

We have recently proposed “local α-removal strength function”, which quantifies the α-particle distribution inside the nucleus, using the meanfield-type wave function. Some updates, including the finite-size effect and the α knockout amplitude, are presented.
Development of alpha cluster structure in nuclei of the same mass number
Authors: Nurmukhanbetova Aliya , Goldberg Vladilen , Volya Alexander , Nauruzbayev Dosbol , Tumino Aurora , Rogachev Grigory
Published: October 2024

The resonant 14N+α particle scattering was studied in the 18F excitation region from 6.5 to 9 MeV at Astana cyclotron using the TTIK approach. The excitation functions for the elastic 14N+α scattering were analyzed in the framework of R-matrix approach. The observed strong alpha cluster structure in 18F is compared with that in 18O.
Exploring cluster structures in the high excitation energy region of Be, B, and C isotopes via 10B + 10B nuclear reactions
Authors: Jelavić Malenica Deša , Milin Matko , Di Pietro Alessia , Figuera Pierpaolo , Gašparić Igor , Mijatović Tea , Musumarra Agatino , Pellegriti Maria Grazia , Scuderi Valentina , Soić Neven , Szilner Suzana , Uroić Milivoj
Published: October 2024

The unique opportunity presented by 10B + 10B reactions to study high-energy, high-spin states in the A=10 mass region is explored. Results from the measurement at 72 MeV are presented, the most important being new and rarely seen states in the 12C [1] and 13C [2], which motivate targeted future experiments. In particular, a new state of 12C at Ex = 24.4 MeV is strongly populated in the triple α-particle coincidences, while the rarely seen state at Ex = 30.3 MeV is found to be strong in the d+10B decay channel, reinforcing the previous suggestions that it has the exotic 2α+2d molecular structure [3]. Regarding the 13C nucleus, a potentially novel state at Ex = 19.0 MeV is prominently observed in α+ 9Be coincidences and demonstrates a well-defined cluster structure. Lastly, high-spin states in mirror nuclei pairs 9Be-9B, 10Be-10C and 11B-11C populated in the presented measurement are explored.
A summary and outlook for SOTANCP5
Authors: Freer Martin
Published: October 2024

The present contribution provides an overview of the SOTANCP5 conference and the progress that was reported in state-of-the-art experiment and theoretical cluster studies. An exciting array of topics ranging from correlations, halo nuclei, clustering in reactions and nuclear astrophysics, alpha-gas states, ab intio theory, alpha-particle like cluster structures, the role of the continuum and the latest developments in experimental facilities. These contributions are brought together in the following summary. Some additional thoughts and perspectives are also provided.
Microstructure evolution and quantitative analysis of mechanical properties of cold-rolled low carbon niobium steel
Authors: Luo Wentao
Published: October 2024

Based on the idea of “plain” of alloying elements, Fe-0.2C-2Nb (wt%) alloy steel was designed. The microstructure of the alloy was effectively controlled by means of severe plastic deformation at room temperature and reasonable heat treatment process. The microstructure evolution of the alloy was systematically characterized by TEM. After annealing at 600 °C for 0.5 h, the ultimate tensile strength of the sample reached 844 MPa, the total elongation reached 13%, which had an equilibrium state of mechanical properties. Thus a quantitative model between the microstructure parameters and mechanical properties was established to reveal the deformation mechanism and strengthening mechanism of the alloy.
Three-dimensional heat transfer analysis in a funnel type mold for thin slab continuous casting
Authors: Song Guangxin , Liang Ce , Zeng Jie , Wang Wanlin
Published: October 2024

An innovative method has been developed for estimating the heat flux in a funnel type mold. Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) was used to solve the Three-Dimensional Inverse transient Heat Conduction Problem (3D-IHCP). The model was validated by comparing the results with derived from a well-established 2D-IHCP. Besides, the effect of measurement noise on the reconstruction results were discussed. Subsequently, the method was implemented to determine the heat flux in a mold simulator experiment. The analysis revealed that the heat fluxes and temperatures calculated by 3D-IHCP exhibited a similar variation trend as those obtained from the 2D-IHCP. However, for locations in the transition region beneath the meniscus, the maximum heat flux calculated by 3D-IHCP (3.14 MW/m2) was approximately 1.2 times greater than that calculated by 2D-IHCP (2.62 MW/m2), attributable to the inclined wall and convex curvature characteristics of the funnel mold.
Bringing Gratitude to Aphasia Intervention: A Scoping Review of Gratitude Interventions for Adults with Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Currie Stephanie S. , Strong Katie A. , Ware Erin
Published: October 2024

Aphasia negatively impacts mental health, disrupting social connections and meaningful life activities. Gratitude interventions for healthy adults positively impact well-being, physical health, and mental health. A systematic review of gratitude interventions for people living with chronic health conditions was conducted to identify current practices and existing gaps and to map the literature for incorporating gratitude interventions into aphasia rehabilitation. A scoping review of the literature published prior to March 2023 was conducted using CINAHL, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ERIC to identify gratitude interventions for adults with chronic health conditions. The search identified 414 studies. Five met the inclusion criteria. Interventions targeting chronic health conditions included alcohol use disorder, chronic heart failure, cancer, and asthma. No empirical studies were identified that used gratitude interventions with people who have aphasia or have had a stroke. Four studies used journaling as the intervention and one used gratitude letters. All interventions used written or verbal expressions of gratitude. Gratitude interventions have been used in limited ways with chronic health conditions. As gratitude interventions are language-based and rely on writing, people with aphasia may need modifications to support accessibility to these interventions which can positively impact mental health and well-being.
Micromagnetic study of the dynamics of toron chains
Authors: Saavedra E. , Corona R. M. , Castillo-Sepúlveda S. , Laroze D. , Altbir D. , Carvalho-Santos V. L.
Published: October 2024

This work analyzes the nucleation and stabilization of torons in cylindrical nanopillars with bulk DMI and easy-plane anisotropy. A micromagnetic study reveals the dependence of toron chains on the nanopillar length and the different behaviors when nucleating an even or odd number of torons in a magnetic nanopillar. Spin wave resonant modes in these systems are explored, evidencing differences according to the number of torons. The interplay between torons, chiral bobbers, and their associated spin wave modes is analyzed, which is relevant for applications demanding dynamical modes in the range of gigahertz.
Numerical investigation of plasma properties in Ar/SiH4 inductively coupled plasmas considering electron energy distribution functions
Authors: Kim Ji-Hoon , Yoon Min-Young , Kim Gwan , Kwon Deuk-Chul , Lee Hyo-Chang , Kim Jung-Hyung , Choe Hee-Hwan
Published: October 2024

In thin film deposition, Ar/SiH4 mixtures are widely used to make polysilicon (poly-Si) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-SiH) layers. Despite extensive research conducted on this mixture, little research has focused on the variations in plasma properties, radicals, and ions that occur during plasma discharge in inductively coupled plasma (ICP) equipment compared to capacitive coupled plasma equipment. In this paper, we investigate the properties of the plasma generated through mathematical modeling of Ar/SiH4 inductive coupled plasma discharge by using the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) obtained by solving the Boltzmann equation. We closely examine the variation in plasma properties and the correlation of plasma variables by controlling the radio frequency power and gas pressure during the process conditions. The Boltzmann equation was computed by assuming the two-term approximation, resulting in a Druyvesteyn-like EEDF due to the high-pressure conditions. To validate the simulation model, the 2D simulation results were compared with probe measurements performed in a two-turn ICP chamber. The results demonstrated encouraging agreement with the measured data. This research not only enhances our comprehension of the discharge characteristics but also establishes a framework for optimizing the discharge conditions to enhance the process and effectively regulate external variables.
Performance enhancement of solution-processed organic thin-film transistors incorporating an improved Corbino structure
Authors: Rajpoot Anuj , Dutta Soumya
Published: October 2024

The solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with a minimal device footprint and improved performance are desirable for flexible electronics and other circuit applications. It is demonstrated that the enhanced performance can be achieved for solution-processed OTFTs by adopting an improved Corbino structure. The bottom-gate bottom-contact OTFTs of W/L ratio of 500 are fabricated using the standard poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) as a semiconductor with an improved interdigitated pseudo-Corbino (IPC) structure. The exhibited IPC structure is a combination of interdigitated structure in the enclosed-Corbino design to achieve infinite output resistance, suppressed parasitic leakage current, and high ON current by accommodating a high W/L ratio in a minimal device footprint. For the fabricated solution-processed OTFTs, infinite output resistance with an OFF-current of the order of 10−12 A and an ON/OFF ratio of drain current of the order of 107 is achieved. Incorporating an enhanced hexamethyldisilazane treatment of the SiO2 gate dielectric improves the ON/OFF ratio to a record value of 108 and the mobility of the order of 10−2 cm2/Vs for P3HT. Implementation of IPC-TFT structure for intentionally chosen moderate-mobility, solution-processed P3HT semiconductor results in a consistent low OFF-current, high ON/OFF ratio, and infinite output resistance with excellent device-to-device uniformity.
Analysis of the fluid–structure coupling dynamic characteristics of flexible webbed wings under passive deformation
Authors: Tian Baoqiang , Chen Zhiyuan , Yuan Shifeng , Chen Zhier , Li Linglong , Qi Zhanfeng , Wang Lijun
Published: October 2024

A wave glider with webbed wings (WGWWs) is a new type of unmanned surface robot that combines wave energy and solar energy as its energy supply, driven by flexible webbed wings (FWWs). Wave gliders with webbed wings are already playing an important role in marine science research. Flexible webbed wings are significant components of wave gliders with webbed wings that achieve the absorption and conversion of wave energy through bidirectional fluid–structure coupling with water flow. To address the issues of large deformations and nonconvergence under the strong coupling action of flexible webbed wings, a dynamic model of flexible webbed wings is first established on the basis of an analysis of the motion principle of a wave glider with webbed wings. The Mooney–Rivlin model was subsequently applied to describe the stress–strain relationship of a rubber hyperelastic material for flexible webbed wings. By adopting the overset method and dynamic mesh technology, employing the system coupling interface based on the data interaction platform of the ANSYS Workbench, as well as mechanical and fluid solvers, the transient dynamic characteristics of fluid–structure coupling of flexible webbed wings under different working conditions are obtained. Finally, by setting different sea conditions, the influences of wave height and period on the dynamic characteristics of flexible webbed wings are analyzed. The results indicate that the greater the wave height and the smaller the wave period are, the greater the power output of the flexible webbed wings is. Additionally, the influence of the wave height ratio period on the dynamic characteristics of flexible webbed wings is more pronounced.
Threshold incentive mechanisms for the sustainable management of public resources
Authors: Wang Lichen , Hua Shijia , Liu Yuyuan , Zhang Liang , Liu Linjie
Published: October 2024

Maintaining global ecological balance is inextricably linked to the effective governance of public resources. Previous studies have proposed the introduction of incentive mechanisms to mitigate the defection behavior within the scope of public resource management to facilitate sustainable utilization. However, these incentive strategies often present a considerable financial burden. Here, we first propose a two-threshold incentive scheme based on group state objectives, where the reward mechanism is triggered when the number of cooperators is below the threshold M, and the punishment mechanism is triggered when the number of cooperators is above the threshold Q. We further introduce an incentive mechanism by considering both resource and group thresholds, where incentives are implemented separately when the number of cooperators and the current quantity of resources meet thresholds. Our theoretical results reveal that introducing these two new mechanisms can effectively maintain cooperative behavior and sustainable resources while reducing management costs. However, if the initial resource level is low, the tragedy of the commons will still occur. It is recommended that the number of developers be reduced, the allocation be lowered, or the development simply suspended and the natural regeneration of resources be waited for.
Influenza in Australia before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Barr Ian G.
Published: October 2024

Influenza, like many of the other human respiratory diseases has rebounded after virtually no circulation in 2020–2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The three influenza seasons since the pandemic have all started earlier than the average season pre-COVID-19 and all have been significant seasons. The 2024 season had the highest number of laboratory confirmed influenza cases since records have been kept; however, the number of deaths associated with influenza was lower than in 2017 and 2019. The length of the influenza seasons has also varied since the pandemic, with 2022 being a short season and the 2023 and 2024 seasons being more typical seasons, lasting for several months. Although a number of different influenza vaccines are available for all persons 6 months of age and older and in 2024 were free in some states and for other at-risk groups, vaccination rates have been dropping. For example, vaccine uptake in 2024 for the age group 6 months to <5 years was only 26% and was only 61% for those 65 years and over. Greater awareness of the complications from influenza infection are needed along with increased vaccination rates if we are to ameliorate the impact of this constant autumn–winter visitor.
Learning-dependent gating of hippocampal inputs by frontal interneurons
Authors: Zhang Chun-Lei , Sontag Lucile , Gómez-Ocádiz Ruy , Schmidt-Hieber Christoph
Published: October 2024

The hippocampus is a brain region that is essential for the initial encoding of episodic memories. However, the consolidation of these memories is thought to occur in the neocortex, under guidance of the hippocampus, over the course of days and weeks. Communication between the hippocampus and the neocortex during hippocampal sharp wave-ripple oscillations is believed to be critical for this memory consolidation process. Yet, the synaptic and circuit basis of this communication between brain areas is largely unclear. To address this problem, we perform in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in the frontal neocortex and local field potential recordings in CA1 of head-fixed mice exposed to a virtual-reality environment. In mice trained in a goal-directed spatial task, we observe a depolarization in frontal principal neurons during hippocampal ripple oscillations. Both this ripple-associated depolarization and goal-directed task performance can be disrupted by chemogenetic inactivation of somatostatin-positive (SOM
+
) interneurons. In untrained mice, a ripple-associated depolarization is not observed, but it emerges when frontal parvalbumin-positive (PV
+
) interneurons are inactivated. These results support a model where SOM
+
interneurons inhibit PV
+
interneurons during hippocampal activity, thereby acting as a disinhibitory gate for hippocampal inputs to neocortical principal neurons during learning.