bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las actas de las sesiones municipales. Reflexiones desde los procesos de municipalización en la campaña. (Estado de Buenos Aires, 1856-1861)
Authors: Canedo Mariana
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to problematize the characteristics of the minutes of sessions of municipal governments and to point out their potentialities as sources for the study of municipalization processes. The analysis arises from research on the relations between municipal and provincial governments in the process of national state building and, more specifically, from the implementation of the first rural municipalities in the Estado de Buenos Aires. It also seeks to give greater visibility to the current municipal archives and deliberative councils as repositories of the books of minutes of sessions.
Understanding the Complexity of Executions in Religious Courts: Between Legal Mandates and Field Realities
Authors: Fakhrudin Muhamad , Nasir Muhammad , Kosasih Nandang Akhmad
Published: October 2024

This article examines the complexities in the implementation of rulings in religious courts, highlighting the division between legal theory and its practical implementation in the field. Religious courts, as important institutions in a country's legal system, aim to uphold justice in the legal context of Islam or other religions. However, behind the clear legal mandate, there are real challenges in the execution of judgments, reflecting the reality of social, cultural, and political complexity. The analysis in this article refers to the difference between an ideal legal theory and the often complex reality of the field. Factors such as social norms, gender inequality, and changes in societal values can affect executions in religious courts. In addition, limited resources, lack of legal infrastructure, and administrative challenges are also major obstacles. Using a multidimensional approach, this article explores various aspects that influence the effectiveness of executions in religious courts. This provides a deeper understanding of the complexities of the legal system and highlights the need for a holistic approach in understanding and addressing these challenges. In this context, the article also evaluates reform efforts that can be undertaken to improve efficiency and fairness in the implementation of rulings in religious courts. In conclusion, this article asserts that to understand and address the complexities of executions in religious courts, a comprehensive approach is needed that considers both legal aspects and social, cultural, and political realities on the ground. Thus, this article is expected to serve as a basis for further discussion and reform efforts in the religious justice system.
The Impact of Teachers' Use of Social Media Platforms in Improving the Quality of Learning in Schools
Authors: Musoffa Musoffa , Mustikawati Cicih , Susila Elis Ela , Juami Ratna
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of teachers' use of social media platforms in improving the quality of learning in schools. The results of the study show that the use of social media by teachers can increase the interaction between teachers and students, but also cause distractions in learning focus for students. The purpose of this study is to analyze the positive and negative impacts of teachers' use of social media platforms on the quality of learning in schools. All the results of this research are expected to formulate recommendations for teachers and stakeholders related to the use of social media in education, so that it can help improve the effectiveness of learning in schools. The research methodology used in this study is a type of quantitative research. The data collection instrument used is a questionnaire that includes questions related to the frequency of social media use, its impact on the interaction between students and teachers, and its effectiveness in learning. The validity of the questionnaire has been tested using content validity tests and reliability using the Cronbach alpha test. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires online to respondents. The results of the study show that the use of social media platforms by teachers can have a positive and negative impact on the quality of learning in schools. Positive impacts include increased interaction between students and teachers, easier access to learning resources, and higher learning creativity. These findings suggest that the use of social media in education can provide great benefits, but it also poses some risks that need to be considered.
The Role of Teachers in Overcoming Welfare Challenges and Improving Financial Education in the Era of Online Loans
Authors: Sujatnika Dadang Ahmad , Rojak Imron Abdul , Saprulloh Acep
Published: October 2024

Teachers in Indonesia have an important role in building the nation, but their welfare is still low so they are vulnerable to being entangled in online loans (pinjol). This article discusses the challenges of teacher welfare and the importance of financial education to prevent irresponsible use of loans. Through financial education, it is hoped that teachers can manage their finances well and avoid the negative impact of loans. Thus, efforts to improve teacher welfare and provide effective financial education are important to support the quality of education in Indonesia. Teachers are an important pillar in building the nation. However, the welfare of teachers in Indonesia is still relatively low, making them vulnerable to online loans (pinjol). This article discusses the challenges of teacher welfare and the importance of financial education to prevent the irresponsible use of loans. Teachers are unsung heroes in the process of nation building. In the context of community empowerment, the welfare of teachers is an important factor. However, in reality, many teachers in Indonesia are still struggling with minimal welfare, even vulnerable to falling into online loans (pinjol) which can have a negative impact on their financial lives. Therefore, the importance of financial education for teachers is the main highlight to prevent the irresponsible use of loans and provide better financial protection.
THE ARS MORIENDI, MANUALS FOR A GOOD DEATH IN WESTERN EUROPE FROM THE 15TH TO THE 16TH CENTURIES
Authors: Peirats Anna
Published: October 2024

The subject of death has been studied since ancient times, although the last moment of a human being's life has not always been interpreted from the same perspective. This article studies the spirituality of the 15th-16th centuries in western Europe and describes the change in attitude towards death. Since the Council of Constance, death, far from being considered a reason to instill fear, comes to be understood as a necessary transit. After the particular judgment that confronts the forces of good and evil, the eternal salvation or the condemnation of the soul is debated in the room of the dying. Based on the influence that Jean Gerson's work had on the Council of Constance, editions and translations were printed in various languages in Europe, some of which were typographic and others included figures with the intention of serving as a guide to the contemplation of the faithful, among which the literary translation of Bernardí Vallmanya’s Cordial de l’ànima stands out.
Editorial Mosaic: 201 – Una odisea
Authors: Soler-Adillon Joan
Published: October 2024

El juego de palabras era demasiado fácil –y esperar a llegar al número 2001 no parecía viable–. 201: Una odisea. Son veintitrés años de números hablando de multimedia, de tecnología, de creatividad, en definitiva. Un camino largo que empezó cuando nuestra relación con la tecnología digital era otra, y que a lo largo de un gran número de artículos ha ido resiguiendo como estos cambios han afectado al mundo de la creación multimedia, el arte y el diseño. Una odisea, ciertamente, de la que no tenemos ganas de ver el final.
Supplementing the Build Activity in Design Science Research with Soft Systems Methodology: A Technique of Creating Frameworks for Guiding Interventions Against Unstructured Problems
Authors: Nakakawa Agnes , Tulinayo Fiona , Tabo Geoffrey , Van Bommel Patrick , Mulder Hans , Proper Henderik
Published: October 2024

Several efforts have been undertaken to define generic guidelines that address specific gaps in the ‘build’ activity of Design Science Research (DSR) artifacts, i.e., constructs, models, methods and frameworks, and instantiations. Unfortunately, explicit guidance is still lacking on how to coherently operationalize such guidelines when building a DSR artifact, particularly a framework. In addition, there is no an elaborate procedure or logical thinking pattern that can be followed when building a DSR artifact, particularly a framework for solving an unstructured problem. Consequently, structural compositions of some artifacts insufficiently subscribe to several general design guidelines, which often hinders the artifacts from fulfilling their intended purposes. To address this gap, Soft Systems Methodology can be leveraged during the design cycle of a DSR initiative, to elaborate the ‘build’ activity and simultaneously support the coherent operationalization of existing general design guidelines. This is demonstrated herein by presenting a Technique of Building Frameworks for guiding Interventions against unstructured problems (TBUFI). From 2011 to 2023, TBUFI has undergone 11 evaluation iterations, which involved: (a) using it to support the building of frameworks for guiding digital interventions in ten research studies; and (b) engaging information systems specialists in a group walkthrough meeting to deliberate its structural composition. Evaluation iterations since 2011 (including feedback from information systems specialists) confirm TBUFI’s ability to successfully guide the design of frameworks that can direct interventions against complex and unstructured problems, by making their ‘build’ activity more elaborate, coherent, and aligned with existing general design guidelines. Thus, TBUFI can be perceived as a supplement for the ‘build’ activity in DSR.
Process for Leveraging Enterprise Architecture in Information Systems Strategic Planning: A Case of Developing a Strategy and Master Plan for a National Integrated Health Laboratory Information Management System in Uganda
Authors: Nakakawa Agnes , Kasule Daniel , Kasusse Michael , Guma Gaspard , Aisu Steven , Ogwok Patrick , Sendagire Hakim
Published: October 2024

Effective alignment of institutional processes with digital technologies is imperative for enterprises, including those in healthcare. Unfortunately, in the context of health laboratories, the scope and complexity of existing digital health interventions has not allowed incorporation of all data and information needs for all core functions of the laboratory subsector. Besides, several operational and management issues still hinder the effective management of information on laboratory services at the health facility, sub-national, and national levels in low-income countries such as Uganda. Although approaches that support implementation of digital health interventions exist, there is still limited technical guidance on the strategic planning and implementation of complex systems such as a nation-wide integrated Health Laboratory Information Management System (HLIMS). Therefore, this article demonstrates how the strategic planning process of such systems can be strengthened by adopting the thinking pattern of enterprise architecture, as a holistic approach for aligning business processes with digital technologies. It specifically presents a process for leveraging Enterprise Architecture in Information Systems Strategic Planning (EAISSP). The process was instantiated in Uganda’s health laboratory subsector, by using it to formulate an architecture-oriented information systems strategy; and the strategy then guided the design of a master plan for a national integrated HLIMS and its implementation plan. Although EAISSP was tested in the context of the laboratory subsector, it can be contextualized to support other efforts like developing a national e-health strategy or information systems strategy of an enterprise in another sector.
A Study on the Impact of Overtaking Lane-Changing Behaviour in Expressway Interchange Weaving Areas
Authors: LI Minghao , ZHAO Yi , MA Jianxiao , CHEN Yuxin , HUAI Shuo
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the overtaking lane-changing (OLC) behaviour in expressway interchange weaving areas, aiming to analyse these behaviours’ causes and potential impacts. Field data are utilised to analyse the statistical characteristics of lane-changing points and spatio-temporal utilisation in weaving areas. A modified NS model, which considers the distribution pattern of vehicle speeds, and a rigid lane-changing rule based on Gaussian distribution are proposed. Additionally, a cellular automaton simulation model is constructed to quantify the influence of OLC behaviour on traffic efficiency and spatio-temporal utilisation based on simulated data. The findings indicate that the imbalanced distribution of lane-changing points and spatio-temporal utilisation in weaving segments, caused by rigid lane-changing behaviour, is an objective factor that triggers OLC behaviour. When the traffic volume in weaving areas ranges from 500 to 1,100 pcu/5 min and the proportion of OLC behaviour is between 0.35 and 0.7, the behaviour will significantly enhance the average vehicle speeds of the outermost lane of the main road and normal rigid lane-changing (NRLC) vehicles, with increases of up to 48% and 51%, respectively. Moreover, OLC behaviour also improves the balance of spatio-temporal utilisation in weaving areas and reduces the average spatio-temporal utilisation. This study clarifies the positive impact of OLC behaviour on expressway interchange weaving areas and provides new research ideas for enhancing the efficiency of these areas.
Bibliometric Analysis of Traffic Accident Prediction Studies from 2003 to 2023: Trends, Patterns and Future Directions
Authors: ULU Mesut , TÜRKAN Yusuf Sait
Published: October 2024

Traffic accidents are one of the main causes of fatalities and serious injuries among both adults and children worldwide. Due to the ongoing significant socio-economic losses brought on by traffic accidents, precise estimation of the risk of accidents is crucial to reducing subsequent incidents. For this reason, a significant proportion of the studies in the literature include studies on estimating the risk, severity, frequency, location and duration of accidents. The objective of this article is to identify patterns, gaps and future research trends in traffic accident prediction studies conducted between 2003 and 2023. A bibliometric study is carried out to investigate the links and trends in traffic accident and forecasting studies, with a focus on identifying dominant narratives and networks within the academic community. In the keyword search, 1,566 articles were analysed using the Web of Science main collection and bibliometric indicators such as annual publications and citations, top 10, authors, journals, institutions, most cited articles, and a citation analysis of the articles was presented. The results obtained suggest that the discernible patterns identified in this bibliometric analysis of traffic accidents and their predictions will find a much broader application in new paradigms that are ready to catalyse transformative advances in this field, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and Industry 4.0 applications.
The Digitalized Assessment for Decision-Making (DAsDec)
Authors: Balconi Michela , Angioletti Laura
Published: October 2024

Decision-making processes involve a dynamic interplay between cognitive and emotional mechanisms. While traditional models address these components, few tools assess decision-making in an ecological, multi-dimensional way: the Digitalized Assessment for Decision-Making (DAsDec) tool was developed to meet this need. DAsDec evaluates decision-making skills across five key domains: decision style, strategies, effectiveness, awareness, and metacognition. Its modular structure allows for flexible administration and is adaptable to various contexts, including educational, organizational, legal, and sports fields. The tool integrates behavioral, psychophysiological, and neurocognitive measurements, such as autonomic indices and wearable electroencephalogram (EEG) application, providing a comprehensive analysis of decision-making abilities. DAsDec offers unique insights by combining self-assessment, realistic simulations, and objective neurocognitive data, allowing for a thorough evaluation of the multicomponential facets of decision process. Ultimately, this commentary discusses how this tool holds great potential for enhancing decision-making skills across a range of applied contexts.
Efekt oddziaływania wosku syntetycznego i środka powierzchniowo czynnego na starzenie oraz właściwości niskotemperaturowe asfaltu 50/70 przed i po spienianiu
Authors: Iwański Mateusz , Durlej Małgorzata , Janus Karolina , Horodecka Renata
Published: October 2024

Istotny wpływ na trwałość mieszanki mineralno- asfaltowej ma asfalt, którego właściwości w wyniku starzenia ulegają zmianie. Wykonano badania wpływu wosku syntetycznego i środka powierzchniowo czynnego na starzenie asfaltu 50/70. Wosk syntetyczny dozowano w ilości 1,0%, 1,5%, 2,0% i 2,5% (m/m), a środek powierzchniowo czynny w ilości 0,2%, 0,4% i 0,6% (m/m) w stosunku do lepiszcza. Badano wpływ dodatków na lepiszcze przed procesem spieniania oraz po nim. Analizowano zmianę penetracji w 25°C, temperatury mięknienia i temperatury Fraassa lepiszcza po starzeniu technologicznym i eksploatacyjnym. Oznaczono parametry niskotemperaturowe lepiszcza: moduł sztywności i szybkość pełzania. Stwierdzono istotny wpływ dodatków na proces starzenia asfaltu 50/70, chociaż ich intensywność oddziaływania jest zróżnicowana. Bardziej niekorzystnie na starzenie wpływa wosk syntetyczny niż środek powierzchniowo czynny. Zastosowanie wosku syntetycznego do asfaltu 50/70 przed jego spienianiem wpływa w sposób bardziej intensywny na charakterystyki spieniania niż w przypadku stosowania środka powierzchniowo czynnego. Podobna zależność występuje w przypadku jego oddziaływania na parametry niskotemperaturowe lepiszcza.
Hundreds of myosin 10s are pushed to the tips of filopodia and could cause traffic jams on actin
Authors: Shangguan Julia , Rock Ronald S
Published: October 2024

Myosin 10 (Myo10) is a motor protein known for its role in filopodia formation. Although Myo10-driven filopodial dynamics have been characterized, there is no information about the absolute number of Myo10 molecules during the filopodial lifecycle. To better understand molecular stoichiometries and packing restraints in filopodia, we measured Myo10 abundance in these structures. We combined SDS-PAGE densitometry with epifluorescence microscopy to quantitate HaloTag-labeled Myo10 in U2OS cells. About 6% of total intracellular Myo10 localizes to filopodia, where it enriches at opposite cellular ends. Hundreds of Myo10s are in a typical filopodium, and their distribution across filopodia is log-normal. Some filopodial tips even contain more Myo10 than accessible binding sites on the actin filament bundle. Live-cell movies reveal a dense cluster of over a hundred Myo10 molecules that initiates filopodial elongation. Hundreds of Myo10 molecules continue to accumulate during filopodial growth, but accumulation ceases when retraction begins. Rates of filopodial elongation, second-phase elongation, and retraction are inversely related to Myo10 quantities. Our estimates of Myo10 molecules in filopodia provide insight into the physics of packing Myo10, its cargo, and other filopodia-associated proteins in narrow membrane compartments. Our protocol provides a framework for future work analyzing Myo10 abundance and distribution upon perturbation.
Structural basis for molecular assembly of fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins in a diatom photosystem I supercomplex
Authors: Kato Koji , Nakajima Yoshiki , Xing Jian , Kumazawa Minoru , Ogawa Haruya , Shen Jian-Ren , Ifuku Kentaro , Nagao Ryo
Published: October 2024

Photosynthetic organisms exhibit remarkable diversity in their light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). LHCs are associated with photosystem I (PSI), forming a PSI-LHCI supercomplex. The number of LHCI subunits, along with their protein sequences and pigment compositions, has been found to differ greatly among the PSI-LHCI structures. However, the mechanisms by which LHCIs recognize their specific binding sites within the PSI core remain unclear. In this study, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a PSI supercomplex incorporating fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs), designated as PSI-FCPI, isolated from the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana CCMP1335. Structural analysis of PSI-FCPI revealed five FCPI subunits associated with a PSI monomer; these subunits were identified as RedCAP, Lhcr3, Lhcq10, Lhcf10, and Lhcq8. Through structural and sequence analyses, we identified specific protein–protein interactions at the interfaces between FCPI and PSI subunits, as well as among FCPI subunits themselves. Comparative structural analyses of PSI-FCPI supercomplexes, combined with phylogenetic analysis of FCPs from T. pseudonana and the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis, underscore the evolutionary conservation of protein motifs crucial for the selective binding of individual FCPI subunits. These findings provide significant insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the assembly and selective binding of FCPIs in diatoms.
Hvorfor nordiske rigsrevisioner “flopper” i korruptionsbekæmpelse
Authors: Elm-Larsen Rolf
Published: October 2024

Artiklen undersøger de nordiske rigsrevisioners rolle i korruptionsbekæmpelse og konkluderer, at de generelt mangler mulighed for at afsløre korruption. På trods af deres opfattede rolle som nøgleaktører i kampen mod korruption, er deres metoder og juridiske rammer ikke designet til at opdage korrupte aktiviteter effektivt. Artiklen fremhæver en diskrepans mellem offentlighedens forventninger og rigsrevisionerne faktiske præstationer. Rigsrevisionerne koncentrerer sig primært på at sikre rigtigheden af regnskaber snarere end aktivt at bekæmpe korruption, hvilket skaber en forventningskløft. Forfatteren argumenterer for, at rigsrevisionernes kollektive identitet, præget af internationale standarder og en neoliberal tilgang, hæmmer deres evne til at opdage og bekæmpe korruption. Artiklen peger også på, at der mangler metodologiske værktøjer og juridiske beføjelser, hvilket gør det svært for rigsrevisionerne at tage hånd om korruption systematisk. For at forbedre deres effektivitet foreslår artiklen flere taktiske og strategiske ændringer, såsom bedre videns grundlag om korruptionsdynamikker, en styrket juridisk ramme og en klarere position i det politiske system, der øger gennemsigtigheden og ansvarligheden i den offentlige sektor.
Integrated bagging-RF learning model for diabetes diagnosis in middle-aged and elderly population
Authors: Shi Yuanwu , Sun Jiuye
Published: October 2024

As the population ages, the increase in the number of middle-aged and older adults with diabetes poses new challenges to the allocation of resources in the healthcare system. Developing accurate diabetes prediction models is a critical public health strategy to improve the efficient use of healthcare resources and ensure timely and effective treatment. In order to improve the identification of diabetes in middle-aged and older patients, a Bagging-RF model is proposed. In the study, two diabetes datasets on Kaggle were first preprocessed, including unique heat coding, outlier removal, and age screening, after which the data were categorized into three age groups, 50–60, 60–70, and 70–80, and balanced using the SMOTE technique. Then, the machine learning classifiers were trained using the Bagging-RF integrated model with eight other machine learning classifiers. Finally, the model’s performance was evaluated by accuracy, F1 score, and other metrics. The results showed that the Bagging-RF model outperformed the other eight machine learning classifiers, exhibiting 97.35%, 95.55%, 95.14% accuracy and 97.35%, 97.35%, 95.14% F1 Score at the Diabetes Prediction Dataset for diabetes prediction for the three age groups of 50–60, 60–70, and 70–80; and 97.03%, 94.90%, 93.70% accuracy and 97.03%, 94.90%, 93.70% F1 Score at the Diabetes Prediction Dataset. 95.55%, 95.13% F1 Score; and 97.03%, 94.90%, 93.70% accuracy; and 97.03%, 94.89%, 93.70% F1 Score at Diabetes Prediction Dataset. In addition, while other integrated learning models, such as ET, RF, Adaboost, and XGB, fail to outperform Bagging-RF, they also show excellent performance.
User emotion recognition and indoor space interaction design: a CNN model optimized by multimodal weighted networks
Authors: Zhang Lingyu
Published: October 2024

In interior interaction design, achieving intelligent user-interior interaction is contingent upon understanding the user’s emotional responses. Precise identification of the user’s visual emotions holds paramount importance. Current visual emotion recognition methods rely solely on singular features, predominantly facial expressions, resulting in inadequate coverage of visual characteristics and low recognition rates. This study introduces a deep learning-based multimodal weighting network model to address this challenge. The model initiates with a convolutional attention module, employing a self-attention mechanism within a convolutional neural network (CNN). As a result, the multimodal weighting network model is integrated to optimize weights during training. Finally, a weight network classifier is derived from these optimized weights to facilitate visual emotion recognition. Experimental outcomes reveal a 77.057% correctness rate and a 74.75% accuracy rate in visual emotion recognition. Comparative analysis against existing models demonstrates the superiority of the multimodal weight network model, showcasing its potential to enhance human-centric and intelligent indoor interaction design.
A comparative study on the lipid layer thickness analysis of medical staff before and after work
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Xiufen , Ren Yu , He Tianlong , Shao Fei , Yimingtuohuti Nuerailimu , Li Dan , Lu Chengwei
Published: October 2024

Background & Aims

To study the change of the lipid layer thickness analysis in medical staff (MS) before and after work, and to explore the significance of measuring lipid layer thickness (LLT) respectively in four quadrants.

Methods

Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and video display terminal using time for 55 MS were collected (the informed consent was obtained from all patients). Noninvasive tear break-up time, LLT, tear meniscus height (TMH), meibomian glands (MG) dropout, and blink pattern before and after work (worked for more than 4 h) of 110 eyes were measured by Gaush iDea Ocular surface analyzer. Lid margin abnormalities were evaluated by the slit-lamp microscopy.

Results

The average OSDI score of 55 MS was 25.68 ± 14.91. The average LLT of 110 eyes after work (65.12 ± 3.63 nm) was significantly reduced compared to before work (66.54 ± 4.16 nm), p < 0.05. The LLT in the superior quadrant was significantly thinner than that in the other three quadrants, p < 0.01. The average LLT was positively correlated with the LLT in the inferior (r = 0.822, p < 0.001), nasal (r = 0.261, p < 0.001), and temporal quadrant (r = 0.372, p < 0.001), while was negatively correlated with the MG dropout in lower lid (r = −0.209, p = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between the LLT in the inferior quadrant and the VDTt (r = −0.173, p = 0.01). The LLT of inferior quadrant were positively related to the TMH (r = 0.149, p = 0.027) and negatively related to MG dropout in lower lid (r = −0.162, p = 0.017).

Conclusion

The LLT significantly decreases after work in MS. The distribution of the lipid layer on the ocular surface is uneven. It is unreasonable for current detection instruments to measure the inferior quadrant LLT alone to represent average LLT.
Compositions of the major ions, variations in their sources, and a risk assessment of the Qingshuijiang River Basin in Southwest China: a 10-year comparison of hydrochemical measurements
Authors: Lv Jiemei , Yang Tianhao , An Yanling
Published: October 2024

Rivers in karst areas face increased risks from persistent growth in human activity that leads to changes in water chemistry and threatens the water environment. In this study, principal component analysis (PCA), ion ratio measurements, and other methods were used to study the water chemistry of the Qingshuijiang River Basin over the past 10 years. The results showed that the main ions in the river were Ca2+ and HCO3–, with a cation order of Ca2+ (mean: 0.93 mmol/L) > Mg2+ (mean: 0.51 mmol/L) > Na+ (mean: 0.30 mmol/L) > K+ (mean: 0.06 mmol/L) and HCO3– (mean: 2.00 mmol/L) > SO42– (mean: 0.49 mmol/L) > Cl– (mean: 0.15 mmol/L) > NO3– (mean: 0.096 mmol/L) > F– (mean : 0.012 mmol/L). In the past 10 years, the concentration of major ions in the river water in the basin has increased significantly. The weathering input of rock (mainly upstream carbonate) was the main source of Mg2+, Ca2+, and HCO3−, though sulfuric acid was also involved in this process. While K+ and Na+ were affected by the combination of human activity and the weathering input of silicate rock in the middle and lower reaches of the river, human activity was the main source of SO42−, NO3−, and F− ions. Irrigation water quality and health risks were evaluated by calculating the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (Na%), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and hazard quotient (HQ). The findings indicated that the river water was generally safe for irrigation and drinking, and the health risks were gradually reduced over time. However, long-term monitoring of the river basin is still essential, especially for the risk of excessive F− in a few tributaries in the basin.
FastProtein—an automated software for in silico proteomic analysis
Authors: Moreira Renato Simões , Benetti Filho Vilmar , Maia Guilherme Augusto , Soratto Tatiany Aparecida Teixeira , Kawagoe Eric Kazuo , Russi Bruna Caroline , Miletti Luiz Cláudio , Wagner Glauber
Published: October 2024

Although various tools provide proteomic information, each tool has limitations related to execution platforms, libraries, versions, and data output format. Integrating data generated from different software is a laborious process that can prolong analysis time. Here, we present FastProtein, a protein analysis pipeline that is user-friendly, easily installable, and outputs important information about subcellular location, transmembrane domains, signal peptide, molecular weight, isoelectric point, hydropathy, aromaticity, gene ontology, endoplasmic reticulum retention domains, and N-glycosylation domains. It also helps determine the presence of glycosylphosphatidylinositol and obtain functional information from InterProScan, PANTHER, Pfam, and alignment-based annotation searches. FastProtein provides the scientific community with an easy-to-use computational tool for proteomic data analysis. It is applicable to both small datasets and proteome-wide studies. It can be used through the command line interface mode or a web interface installed on a local server. FastProtein significantly enhances proteomics analysis workflows by producing multiple results in a single-step process, thereby streamlining and accelerating the overall analysis. The software is open-source and freely available. Installation and execution instructions, as well as the source code and test files generated for tool validation, are available at https://github.com/bioinformatics-ufsc/FastProtein.
Factors influencing health-promoting behavior among single mothers in Northeastern Malaysia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mohamed Yusof Saidah Adilah , Tengku Ismail Tengku Alina , Musa Kamarul Imran , Kamaruzzaman Hasmaryanti
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Health-promoting behaviors (HPB) play a vital role in maintaining and enhancing overall well-being. Single mothers are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and less involvement in HPB due to psychosocial disadvantages.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the HPB scores and factors influencing HPB among single mothers in Kelantan (Northeastern, Malaysia).

Methods

This study employed a cross-sectional design, selecting 242 single mothers from Kelantan through proportional stratified sampling. Data were gathered through questionnaires covering sociodemographic details, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II), the Malay Version of Health Beliefs Related to Cardiovascular Disease (HBCVD-M), and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support (MPSS). The relationships between the dependent variable (HPB) and independent variables were analyzed using multivariable linear regression models.

Results

The respondents achieved an average HPB score of 118.03 (SD = 19.2), with the highest mean scores in spiritual growth (22.46 [SD = 3.70]) and interpersonal relationships (22.05 [SD = 3.67]). Physical activity had the lowest mean score at 15.09 (SD = 4.62). Significant positive associations were found between HPB and perceived severity of CVD (adjusted β = 1.60; 95% CI [0.68–2.53]; p < 0.001) as well as perceived social support (adjusted β = 0.63; 95% CI [0.37–0.90]; p < 0.001). Conversely, educational level (adjusted β = −10.36; 95% CI [−16.06 to −4.67]; p < 0.001) and perceived benefits of reducing CVD risk (adjusted β = −1.43; 95% CI [−2.37 to −0.48]; p < 0.001) were negatively associated with HPB.

Conclusions

The findings highlight the importance of health beliefs, social support, and education in shaping HPB among single mothers. Community health initiatives targeting this population should develop strategies to strengthen individuals’ health beliefs and promote a supportive environment.
A Study on Comparative Analysis of Object Detection-based Real-Time Wildfire and Class B Fire Detection Performance
Authors: Choi Sugi , Kwon Heejun , Choi Jiwon , Jung Haiyoung
Published: October 2024

Wildfires cause human casualties, property damage, and significant damage to ecosystems, so prompt fire detection and response are essential. In this study, training and evaluation experiments were performed on the YOLOv3, Faster R-CNN, and Cascade R-CNN models to analyze their real-time wildfire detection performance. The performance of each model was evaluated using precision, recall, mAP 50, mAP 50-95, the model parameter, and frames per second (FPS). The experiment results showed that YOLOv3 had slightly lower overall performance than other models, but the difference was not significant in terms of mAP 50. YOLOv3 had the highest inference speed (48.7 FPS) and an overall mAP 50 of 0.832. On the contrary, Faster R-CNN's overall mAP 50 was 0.835, while Cascade R-CNN showed higher performance with 0.840. Compared to YOLOv3, both models showed relatively low inference speeds (36.2 and 26.3 FPS, respectively). Therefore, the YOLOv3 model is deemed appropriate for real-time fire detection owing to its high inference speed and insignificant wildfire detection performance difference in terms of mAP 50. Future wildfire detection models are expected to improve by optimizing the network structures (e.g., FPN and Head) of 1-Stage models, such as YOLOv3.
Evaluation of Energy Dissipated by Non-Sintered Hwangto Concrete after Exposure to Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Kim Taehyung , Kim Wonchang , Jeong Keesin , Lee Taegyu
Published: October 2024

To reduce CO2 emissions, the construction industry is applying various mineral admixtures to reduce cement usage. This study evaluates the mechanical properties of non-sintered Hwangto concrete, which is an eco-friendly mineral admixture, after exposure to high temperature. The evaluation is performed for four variables: unit weight, compressive strength, stress-strain behavior, and dissipated energy, under six target temperatures ranging from room temperature to 700 °C. Experimental results show that non-sintered Hwangto degrades the mechanical properties of concrete at room temperature but exhibits better residual mechanical properties compared with cement after being exposed to high temperature.
Population Dynamics of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L. 1758) in Lake Nubia, Sudan
Authors: Shuaib Mujtaba El Khair , Abdalla Mutasim Yousif Mohamed
Published: October 2024

This study aims to investigate the population dynamics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Nubia, Sudan. Monthly samples were collected from fishermen from January to December 2021, and recorded total lengths (TL) of 996 specimens nearest to 1.0 mm using a standardized measuring board; the lengths (TL) exhibited a range from 5.2 to 41.3 cm. Population parameters were assessed using the ELEFAN I routine within FiSAT II software, which produced von Bertalanffy growth parameters as follows: an asymptotic length (L∞) of 43.05 cm, a growth curvature (K) of 0.230 yr⁻¹, and a theoretical length at age zero (t0) of -0.1816. The growth performance index (Φ') was calculated to be 2.639. The instantaneous mortality rates were evaluated, revealing total mortality (Z) at 0.65 yr⁻¹, natural mortality (M) at 0.63 yr⁻¹, and fishing mortality (F) at 0.02 year⁻¹; While the exploitation rate (E) was determined to be 0.04 yr⁻¹. The size at first capture (Lc) was obtained as 5.2 cm, while L50 was estimated at 10.07 cm, both being below the size at first maturity (Lₘ) of 13.5 cm, and the longevity (Tmax) was noted to be 12.86 years. The results indicated poor utilization of the Nile tilapia population in Lake Nubia, and its size at first capture and L50 was below the size at first maturity. This situation is an indication of the need for a continuous process of monitoring and managing to reduce the harvesting of smaller individuals and to improve productivity toward achieving levels that optimize sustainable yield.
Diversity of Soil Macro Arthropods in the Arable Land of Cotton Zone, North Cameroon
Authors: Djague Théodore Lawe , Doké Noé Socrates , Djida Jacques Housseini , Sadjo Joseph Mahamma , Kosma Philippe
Published: October 2024

Arthropods constitute the most diverse and dominant species of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems. Despite this great abundance, our understanding of their ecological organization and diversity remains unknown in certain habitats. The present study aimed to evaluate the  diversity of soil macro-arthropods in the arable land of six localities in the arable land of cotton zone of Cameroon. For this purpose, collections of soil macro-arthropods were carried out using Barber traps and subpots for two consecutive years 2018-2019. During the entire duration of the study, nearly 33.423 soil macro-arthropods were collected belonging to 67 species divided into 11 orders and 27 families. After classification, the most abundant insect groups were Coleoptera (36.9%), Hymenoptera (33.5%), and Orthoptera (22.9%), while the groups of Neuroptera, Hemiptera and Isoptera practically a low level of relative abundance. The proportions of the different families of soil macro-arthropods sampled varies from one locality to another and three large families were in the majority: Formicidae (32.4%), Acrididae (19.5%) and Tenobrionidae (15.7%). Soil macro-arthropod samples collected in Kodek, Sanguere Njoï and Gashiga, respectively recorded the highest species richness as well as the Shanon-Weaver Diversity and Evenness index. In all the arable soils of the localities studied, the soil arthropods tend to have an Equidistribution of individuals and Equitability varies from 0.5 to 0.8. The soil macro-arthropods collected in the arable land of the cotton zone of North Cameroon were mainly phytophagous and saprophagous with a strong beneficial potential in these different ecosystems.
The \(\mathcal{JK}\)-Method of Interpolation for Finite Families of Banach Spaces
Authors: Suárez Alexi Quevedo
Published: October 2024

Let \(\mathcal{I}\) be an operator ideal of those considered here. We present a method of interpolation for finite families such that if \(\bar{A}\) and \(\bar{B}\) are (n+1)-tuples, \(T\) is an interpolation operator and ,  are the interpolation spaces obtained by this method then, \(T\) :  \(\rightarrow\)  is in \(\mathcal{I}\) if and only if the operator from the intersection \(\mathcal{J}\) (\(\bar{A}\)) into the sum \(\mathcal{S}\)(\(\bar{B}\)) is in \(\mathcal{I}\).
An AI-driven Approach to Traffic Congestion Prediction in Port Harcourt City Using Naïve Bayes
Authors: Didigwu F. U.
Published: October 2024

Four important intersections Location Junction, Rumuokoro Junction, GRA Junction, and Rumuokwuta Junction will be the focus of this study's investigation into the persistent problem of traffic congestion in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. In order to provide insights for improved traffic management, the project also aims to construct a predictive model that forecasts traffic congestion on certain routes using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. The study used both exploratory and descriptive research techniques to gather information about Port Harcourt's traffic congestion. Field surveys were carried out at the four intersections between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. to collect traffic counts and vehicle footage. The investigation also included data from Rivers State Command, a division of the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC). Using this data to find patterns and trends in traffic flow, a Naïve Bayes algorithm was developed to classify and predict the degree of traffic congestion. With a 97% accuracy rate, the algorithm accurately classified 1164 out of 1200 traffic data points, predicting traffic congestion. The predictive algorithm used bar charts to show the traffic conditions; tall, moderate, and tiny bars, respectively, indicated high, medium, and low traffic congestion. The model's efficacy in real-time traffic forecasting was reinforced by the close match between the forecasts and observed traffic patterns. According to the study's findings, the Naïve Bayes algorithm can accurately forecast traffic congestion and provides road users and urban planners with useful information. The model can greatly enhance road efficiency by lowering travel times, relieving congestion, and improving traffic management on Port Harcourt's major arteries by accurately predicting traffic conditions.
Effect of Integrating Plant Growth Regulators and Micronutrients on Growth, Phenology and Seed Yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
Authors: Lohare Jyoti , Ahirwar Shubham , Patidar Vinit , Gupta N.K.
Published: October 2024

An experiment was conducted during Rabi 2019-20 at College of Agriculture, Indore (Madhya Pradesh) to investigate the effects of Plant Growth Regulator (PGRs) and Micro-nutrient Application on Growth, Quality, and Seed yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). The nine treatments consisted of different levels of PGRs i.e. GA3 and NAA with micro-nutrient (Mixol) which contain zinc, iron, manganese copper, boron and molybdenum including control (No use of PGRs and micro-nutrients) viz. T1 = 50 ppm GA3 seed treatment + Mixol 1.0%, T2 = 100 ppm GA3 seed treatment + Mixol 1.0%, T3 = 50 ppm GA3 foliar spray + Mixol 1.0%, T4 = 100 ppm GA3 foliar spray + Mixol 1.0%, T5 = 25 ppm NAA seed treatment + Mixol 1.0%, T6 = 50 ppm NAA seed treatment + Mixol 1.0%, T7=25 ppm foliar spray + Mixol 1.0%, T8 = 50 ppm NAA foliar spray + Mixol 1.0% and T9 = Control. Data were collected on different growth characters (Plant height and number of branches), Phonological attributes (Days to first flowering, days taken to 50% flowering and days to taken seed maturity) and yield characters (Seed yield per plant (g), seed yield t/ha, number of pods per plant, length of pod (cm), number of seeds per pod) of fenugreek. Based on results of one year experimentation, foliar spray of GA3 at 100 ppm + mixol 1.0% was found the best treatment compared with respect to plant growth and seed yield of fenugreek.
Agriculturally Relevant Climate Extremes and Their Trends in the World's Major Growing Regions
Authors: Zhu Xiao , Troy Tara J.
Published: April 2018

Climate extremes can negatively impact crop production, and climate change is expected to affect the frequency and severity of extremes. Using a combination of in situ station measurements (Global Historical Climatology Network's Daily data set) and multiple other gridded data products, a derived 1° data set of growing season climate indices and extremes is compiled over the major growing regions for maize, wheat, soybean, and rice for 1951–2006. This data set contains growing season climate indices that are agriculturally relevant, such as the number of hot days, duration of dry spells, and rainfall intensity. Before 1980, temperature‐related indices had few trends; after 1980, statistically significant warming trends exist for each crop in the majority of growing regions. In particular, crops have increasingly been exposed to extreme hot temperatures, above which yields have been shown to decline. Rainfall trends are less consistent compared to temperature, with some regions receiving more rainfall and others less. Anomalous temperature and precipitation conditions are shown to often occur concurrently, with dry growing seasons more likely to be hotter, have larger drought indices, and have larger vapor pressure deficits. This leads to the confluence of a variety of climate conditions that negatively impact crop yields. These results show a consistent increase in global agricultural exposure to negative climate conditions since 1980.
Enhanced vulnerability to oxidative stress and induction of inflammatory gene expression in 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase‐deficient fibroblasts
Authors: Hamano Momoko , Haraguchi Yurina , Sayano Tomoko , Zyao Chong , Arimoto Yashiho , Kawano Yui , Moriyasu Kazuki , Udono Miyako , Katakura Yoshinori , Ogawa Takuya , Kato Hisanori , Furuya Shigeki
Published: April 2018

l‐Serine (l‐Ser) is a necessary precursor for the synthesis of proteins, lipids, glycine, cysteine, d‐serine, and tetrahydrofolate metabolites. Low l‐Ser availability activates stress responses and cell death; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. l‐Ser is synthesized de novo from 3‐phosphoglycerate with 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh) catalyzing the first reaction step. Here, we show that l‐Ser depletion raises intracellular H2O2 levels and enhances vulnerability to oxidative stress in Phgdh‐deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These changes were associated with reduced total glutathione levels. Moreover, levels of the inflammatory markers thioredoxin‐interacting protein and prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 were upregulated under l‐Ser‐depleted conditions; this was suppressed by the addition of N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine. Thus, intracellular l‐Ser deficiency triggers an inflammatory response via increased oxidative stress, and de novo l‐Ser synthesis suppresses oxidative stress damage and inflammation when the external l‐Ser supply is restricted.