bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern and overweight and obesity among female adolescents in Iran
Authors: Sedaghat Fatemeh , Naja Farah , Darand Mina , Beyzai Bita , Rashidkhani Bahram
Published: November 2017

Background

Given the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Iran, identification of a healthy diet is essential.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and overweight and obesity in female adolescents.

Methods

Two hundred and eighty female adolescents from high schools in Tehran were recruited. General information, physical activity and food frequency questionnaires were completed. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS).

Results

Under and over reporters of energy intake were excluded from the analysis (n = 37). Results indicated that prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.3% and 12.5%, respectively. The mean of MSDPS was low in this population (15.99 ± 5.64). The MSDPS was positively associated with mother’s education level and energy intake (p < 0.05). No significant relation was observed between MSDPS and overweight and obesity among adolescents. However, there was a negative significant association between MSDPS and WHR just among students who had educated mothers [high: second median v. low: first median, odds ratio (OR) = 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12–1.03].

Conclusion

Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is low among adolescent females in Tehran, with no association with overweight and obesity.
Relationships between physical activity, food choices, gender and BMI in Southern Californian teenagers
Authors: Gaylis Jaclyn B. , Levy Susan S. , Kviatkovsky Shiloah , DeHamer Rebecca , Hong Mee Young
Published: November 2017

Given the increased prevalence of pediatric obesity and risk of developing chronic disease, there has been great interest in preventing these conditions during childhood by focusing on healthy lifestyle habits, including nutritious eating and physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between PA, body mass index (BMI) and food choices in adolescent males and females. This cross-sectional study, using a survey questionnaire, evaluated 1212 Southern Californian adolescents’ self-reported PA, BMI and food frequency. Results revealed that even though males are more active than females, they have higher BMI percentile values (p < 0.05). Females consumed salad, vegetables and fruit more frequently than males (p < 0.05), where males consumed hamburgers, pizza, red meat, processed meat, eggs, fish, fruit juice, soda and whole milk more frequently than females (p < 0.05). Overweight/obese teens consumed red meat, processed meat and cheese more frequently than healthy weight teens (p < 0.05), yet there was no difference in PA between healthy and overweight/obese teens. These results demonstrate that higher levels of PA may not counteract an unhealthy diet. Even though PA provides numerous metabolic and health benefits, this study suggests that healthy food choices may have a protective effect against overweight and obesity. Healthy food choices, along with PA, should be advocated to improve adolescent health by encouraging maintenance of a healthy weight into adulthood.
Effect of a brief training program for primigravid adolescents on parenting self-efficacy and mother-infant bonding in the southeast of Iran
Authors: Moudi Zahra , Talebi Behjat , Pour Mahnaz Shahraki
Published: November 2017

Background

Annually, about 16 million adolescent girls give birth, accounting for 11% of all births worldwide. Ninety-five percent of these births occur in low- and middle-income countries, and previous studies have addressed the need for parenting interventions in developing countries with limited health care resources to improve parenting behaviors.

Objective

To explore the effect of a brief training program for primigravid adolescents on parenting self-efficacy and mother-infant bonding.

Subjects

We enrolled 116 married pregnant adolescents.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was conducted during August 22, 2016–February 3, 2017. The intervention group received three sessions of training on neonatal care, while the control group received the routine care. We evaluated parenting self-efficacy using the Perceived Maternal Parenting Self-Efficacy (PMP S-E) questionnaire, the mother-infant bonding using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) and social support by means of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The participants were followed up for 1 month.

Results

The mean ages of the intervention and the control groups were 16.37 ± 0.97 and 16.27 ± 1.12 years, respectively. The intervention group obtained higher self-efficacy and bonding scores compared to the control group. The logistic regression model showed that the second (evoking behaviors) and the third (reading behavior or signaling) subscales of the PMP S-E, the route of delivery and women’s educational levels could predict the mother-infant bonding scores.

Conclusion

Primigravid adolescents can benefit from brief interventions during pregnancy through improving their parenting self-efficacy and mother-infant bonding.
Cross-sectional comparison of age-related changes in the quadriceps femoris in Japanese basketball players
Authors: Sekine Yuta , Hirose Norikazu
Published: November 2017

Background

This study examines age-related changes in the quadriceps femoris (QF), subdivided into the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus intermedius (VI) and vastus lateralis (VL) in basketball players.

Subjects

Seventy male basketball players were divided into four groups according to age (12–13, 14–15, 16–17, and 18–20 years).

Methods

Ultrasonography was used to measure muscle architecture of the VMO, VM, RF, VI and VL. We created cubic approximate expressions and calculated inflexion points to evaluate peak growth age of each muscle head.

Results

Significant interactions were observed for all QF parts (p < 0.01–0.001). Muscle thickness (MT) in all QF parts was significantly lower in 12–13-year olds than in 18–20-year olds (p < 0.01–0.001). Significant differences were recognised between 12–13 and 16–17-year olds in VM (p < 0.001), RF (p < 0.001) and VL (p = 0.007). MT was significantly lower in 14–15-year olds than in 16–17-year olds in the VM (p = 0.007) and RF (p = 0.026) and in 18–20 year olds in the VM (p < 0.001), RF (p = 0.036) and VI (p < 0.001). Peak growth age was estimated for each QF part (VMO, 155.0 months; VM, 187.8 months; RF, 212.2 months, VI, 188.9 months; VL, 181.1 months).

Conclusion

QF parts have different growth rates due to differing functions in each muscle head.
Comparing health promotion behaviors of male and female high school students in Southeast of Iran
Authors: Salari Nasibeh , Farokhzadian Jamileh , Abazari Faroukh
Published: November 2017

Background

Adolescence is one of the most challenging periods of human life. Many healthy or risky behaviors may be formed during this period and continue to the end of life. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the health promotion behaviors of male and female students in high schools.

Methods

In this descriptive-comparative study, 609 high school students were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic and health-promoting lifestyle profile (HPLPII) questionnaires.

Results

The mean of health promotion behaviors was moderate in female (2.43 ± 0.46) and male (2.61 ± 0.45) students. The highest and lowest means in the male students were respectively the dimensions of spiritual growth and health responsibility. Also, the highest and lowest means in the female students were dimensions of interpersonal relationships as well as physical activity and exercise. The status of male health promotion behaviors was significantly more favorable than that of the female (p = 0.001, t = −4.71). The male students had a better situation than female in terms of all the six dimensions of HPLPII, so there was a significant difference between them in the four dimensions of spiritual growth, stress management, physical activity and health responsibility. There was also a significant relationship between the history of physical and mental illness in the past year and the students’ health promotion behaviors (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The results indicated the importance of promoting self-care and educational interventions in the aspects such as physical activity and health responsibility of young people in order to improve the health of the community.
Prevalence of obesity among youths in Mississippi: United States, 1999–2015
Authors: Aranmolate Rasaki
Published: November 2017

Background

The prevalence of obesity among youths has become a public health problem. The trend in the prevalence of obesity among high school students in Mississippi has not been examined in the last 17 years.

Methods

The data from the Mississippi High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey from 1999 to 2015 were used to determine the prevalence of obesity. The definition of obesity was based on age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) of more than 95th percentile, according to 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts. The differences in the groups were examined using the univariate t-test statistical analysis at p < 0.05 and frequency distribution to determine the percentage differences.

Results

There was a decline in the prevalence of obesity from 1999 to 2015 among Whites but no significant decrease among Blacks. The prevalence based on race in 2105 was 18.9%, which is higher than 14.4% in 1999 and remaining years. The rate of obesity based on race and sex was 27.7% among Blacks and 15.9% among White males in 2015. The Black females had prevalence of 20.6%, which is higher than their White counterpart (12.1%) in 2015 and previous years.

Conclusion

The prevalence of obesity among Blacks was higher when compared to White students. There was an increased prevalence of obesity in males over females. Students in 9th and 10th grade had a higher prevalence of obesity than those in 11th and 12th grade.
HEEADSSS up: pediatric residents’ confidence and practice in adolescent health care before and after mandatory adolescent medicine rotations in Thailand
Authors: Areemit Rosawan S. , Manaboriboon Boonying , In-iw Supinya , Arunakul Jiraporn , Areekul Wirote
Published: November 2017

Background

The field of adolescent medicine is an emerging area of specialization in Thailand. Adolescent medicine was made a mandatory rotation in general pediatric residency training programs for the class of 2013.

Objective

This study aims to explore the difference in pediatric residents’ confidence and the frequency in providing aspects of care to adolescents.

Subjects

Participants included two groups of pediatric residents; the former curriculum group (FCG) in 2012 and the mandatory curriculum group (MCG) in 2015.

Methods

Participants in this cross-sectional study answered a 41-item self-administered questionnaire and results were analyzed by descriptive statistics.

Results

There were 91 participants, 50.05% were in the MCG. The FCG reported a higher percentage of feeling “more confident” on physical examination (p = 0.031, V = 0.23) and growth assessment (p = 0.040, V = 0.22). The MCG reported a higher percentage of “more frequently” carrying out the psychosocial assessment (p = 0.035, V = 0.22).

Conclusion

The FCG reported higher levels of confidence than the MCG in most of the items, while the MCG reported higher levels of frequency in providing care. The psychosocial (HEEADSSS) assessment, a key aspect of the adolescent clinical visit, was the item that the MCG reported doing more frequently than the FCG which remained significant when only the postgraduate year of training (PGY) 4s were compared.
Pexider type equation on a region
Authors: Chudziak Małgorzata , Sobek Barbara
Published: November 2017

We consider the problem of existence and uniqueness of
extensions for the solutions of the Pexider type equation

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Finite groups with a trivial Chermak–Delgado subgroup
Authors: McCulloch Ryan
Published: November 2017

The Chermak–Delgado lattice of a finite group is a modular, self-dual sublattice of the lattice of subgroups ofG. The least element of the Chermak–Delgado lattice ofGis known as the Chermak–Delgado subgroup ofG. This paper concerns groups with a trivial Chermak–Delgado subgroup. We prove that if the Chermak–Delgado lattice of such a group is lattice isomorphic to a Cartesian product of lattices, then the group splits as a direct product, with the Chermak–Delgado lattice of each direct factor being lattice isomorphic to one of the lattices in the Cartesian product. We establish many properties of such groups and properties of subgroups in the Chermak–Delgado lattice. We define a CD-minimal group to be an indecomposable group with a trivial Chermak–Delgado subgroup. We establish lattice theoretic properties of Chermak–Delgado lattices of CD-minimal groups. We prove an extension theorem for CD-minimal groups, and use the theorem to produce twelve examples of CD-minimal groups, each having different CD lattices. Curiously, quasi-antichainp-group lattices play a major role in the author’s constructions.
Diagnoses and referral pattern at a first seizure clinic in London
Authors: Palka Duncan , Yogarajah Mahinda , Cock Hannah R. , Mula Marco
Published: November 2017

Background. Epilepsy is among the most frequent neurological conditions and it is estimated that approximately 8% of the population experience a seizure at some time in their lives.

Aim. To examine the characteristics of patients referred to a First Seizure Clinic (FSC) at a University Hospital in South-West London.

Methods. All subjects referred to the FSC at St George’s University Hospitals between January and December 2015 were included in this audit.

Results. From a total of 257 patients, males 49.5%, age range 16–90, 30% referred by General Practices (GPs), 59.1% by the Accident & Emergency Department (A&E) and 10.9% by other hospital wards, 24.5% did not attend (DNA) the clinical appointment. Females who did not attend were significantly older than males (49.8 years old vs 39.7; p = 0.007). Among those who attended the clinical appointment, 17% were diagnosed first unprovoked seizure, 12.4% acute symptomatic seizure and 28.9% epilepsy. These patients were referred mainly by A&E while GPs referred seizure mimics especially non-epileptic attack disorder (NEAD) and syncope. Patients with NEAD were significantly younger than those with seizures (29.4 years old vs 44.2; p < 0.001) and had a previous psychiatric history (72.7% vs 16.8%; p < 0.001). The proportion of seizure mimics was similar in the older sample group (> 65 years). Regarding acute symptomatic seizures, 33.3% were alcohol-related, 20.8% acute brain insults and 12.5% drug-related (always overdose).

Conclusions. 1 in 4 patients referred to a FSC does not attend the clinical appointment, especially older females. More than 1 in 3 cases represent seizure mimics and are referred mainly by GPs.
Laboratory studies on bedload transport under unsteady flow conditions
Authors: Mrokowska Magdalena M. , Rowiński Paweł M. , Książek Leszek , Strużyński Andrzej , Wyrębek Maciej , Radecki-Pawlik Artur
Published: November 2017

Two sets of triangular hydrographs were generated in a 12-m-long laboratory flume for two sets of initial bed conditions: intact and water-worked gravel bed. Flowrate ranging from 0.0013 m3 s-1 to 0.0456 m3 s-1, water level ranging from 0.02 m to 0.11 m, and cumulative mass of transported sediment ranging from 4.5 kg to 14.2 kg were measured. Then, bedload transport rate, water surface slope, bed shear stress, and stream power were evaluated. The results indicated the impact of initial bed conditions and flow unsteadiness on bedload transport rate and total sediment yield. Difference in ratio between the amount of supplied sediment and total sediment yield for tests with different initial conditions was observed. Bedload rate, bed shear stress, and stream power demonstrated clock-wise hysteretic relation with flowrate. The study revealed practical aspects of experimental design, performance, and data analysis. Water surface slope evaluation based on spatial water depth data was discussed. It was shown that for certain conditions stream power was more adequate for the analysis of sediment transport dynamics than the bed shear stress. The relations between bedload transport dynamics, and flow and sediment parameters obtained by dimensional and multiple regression analysis were presented.
The effects of stemflow on redistributing precipitation and infiltration around shrubs
Authors: Jian Shengqi , Zhang Xueli , Li Dong , Wang Deng , Wu Zening , Hu Caihong
Published: November 2017

The experiments of stemflow of two semiarid shrubs (Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides) and its effect on soil water enhancement were conducted from 1st May to 30th September of 2009-2013 in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Stemflow values in C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides averaged 6.7% and 2.4% of total rainfall. The rainfall threshold for stemflow generation was 0.5 and 2.5 mm for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides. When rainfall was less than 17.0 mm, the funnelling ratios were highly variable, however, stable funnelling ratios were found for rainfall greater than 17.0 mm for C. korshinskii. The funnelling ratios of H. rhamnoides first increased until a threshold value of 10.0 mm and then the funnelling ratios begin stabilize. The wetting front depths in the area around stem was 1.4-6.7 and 1.3-2.9 times deeper than area outside the canopy for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides. Soil moisture at soil depth 0-200 cm was 25.6% and 23.4% higher in soil around stem than that outside canopy for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides. The wetting front advanced to depths of 120 and 100 cm in the area around stem and to depths of 50 cm in the area outside the canopy for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides suggested that more rain water can be conserved into the deep soil layers through shrub stemflow. Soil moisture was enhanced in the area outside the shrub canopy, only when rainfall depth is > 4.7 and 5.1 mm, which is an effective rainfall for the area for C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides. While for the area around stem of C. korshinskii and H. rhamnoides, the corresponding threshold values are 3.2 and 4.3 mm. These results confirmed that stemflow has a positive effect on soil moisture balance of the root zone and the enhancement in soil moisture of deeper soil layers.
Development and Assessment of Planetary Gear Unit for Experimental Prototype of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Urbahs A. , Urbaha M. , Carjova K.
Published: November 2017

The theoretical calculation for development of planetary gear unit of wind turbine (WT) and its experimental tests are presented in the paper. Development of experimental prototypes from composite materials is essential to determine capability of element and its impact on feature. Two experimental scale prototypes of planetary gear unit for WT were developed for such purposes. Hall transducer, servomechanisms and optical tachometers were used to obtain results, comparison analysis of theoretical and actual data was performed as well as quality assessment of experimental prototypes of planetary gear unit. After kinematic and load analysis as well as control of rotation frequency, it is possible to declare that the unit is able to operate at designated quality. Theoretical calculations and test results obtained are used for industrial WT prototype development.
Foam sclerotherapy during shunt surgery for portal hypertension and varices
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Chen Xueming , Li Chenyu , Feng Hai , Yu Hongzhi , Zhu Renming , Wang Tianyou
Published: November 2017

Objective

This preliminary study investigated the clinical safety and efficacy of foam sclerotherapy during shunt surgery to treat portal hypertension and gastroesophageal varices.

Methods

Seven patients with confirmed portal hypertension and a variceal bleeding history underwent mesocaval shunt with simultaneous polidocanol foam injection into the varices. Computed tomography and endoscopic reviews were conducted within two weeks following the procedures and around six months later.

Results

Six patients underwent side-to-side mesocaval shunt. One received a prosthetic mesocaval shunt. Polidocanol foam was injected into the gastric varices or the inferior mesenteric vein during the surgery. Surgical success and survival was achieved in all patients. Gastric ulcer formation and thrombocytopenia occurred in one patient respectively, which were ameliorated by conservative treatment. During 12 to 24 months’ follow-up, three patients had obvious decrease or eradication of gastroesophageal varices; four patients had obvious decrease of gastric varices but residual esophageal varices; and all patents had unobstructed shunts. Encephalopathy occurred in one patient two months postoperatively. No sclerosant-related complications were observed and no postoperative recurrent variceal bleeding occurred.

Conclusions

Foam sclerotherapy during shunt surgery is safe and effective for portal hypertension and varices treatment.
Age-related changes in microglial physiology: the role for healthy brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Garaschuk Olga
Published: November 2017

Microglia are the main immune cells of the brain contributing, however, not only to brain’s immune defense but also to many basic housekeeping functions such as development and maintenance of functional neural networks, provision of trophic support for surrounding neurons, monitoring and modulating the levels of synaptic activity, cleaning of accumulating extracellular debris and repairing microdamages of the brain parenchyma. As a consequence, age-related alterations in microglial function likely have a manifold impact on brain’s physiology. In this review, I discuss the recent data about physiological properties of microglia in the adult mammalian brain; changes observed in the brain innate immune system during healthy aging and the probable biological mechanisms responsible for them as well as changes occurring in humans and mice during age-related neurodegenerative disorders along with underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms. Together these data provide a new conceptual framework for thinking about the role of microglia in the context of age-mediated brain dysfunction.
New pharmacological strategies for augmenting extinction learning in anxiety disorders
Authors: Sartori Simone B. , Singewald Nicolas
Published: November 2017

Despite advances in the treatment of fear-, anxiety- and trauma-related disorders, a considerable proportion of patients shows only partial long-term therapeutic benefit with existing treatments. A promising option in improving therapy is speeding up and boosting the effect of exposure-based therapy (EBT) by pharmacological interventions. Here, we will discuss select examples of novel concepts in augmenting fear extinction, the central mechanisms of EBT. Based on accumulating knowledge from animal and human studies concerning the neurocircuitries and neurobiological mechanisms underlying successful fear extinction, diverse potential pharmacological targets have been identified to optimize the efficacy of fear extinction. We focus here on selected examples of these targets and present translational evidence for strengthening fear inhibitory learning by using L-DOPA and D-cycloserine. Furthermore, the potential of HDAC inhibitors and microRNAs (e. g. miR-144) as epigenetic targets, as well as neuropeptide S as a model substance with combined acute anxiolytic and extinction-facilitating properties are discussed. The presented mechanisms represent promising novel strategies that may be useful in the future for augmenting the efficacy and improving the acceptance of EBT in the treatment of anxiety disorders, although further work remains to be done in characterising the underlying modes of action and safety aspects.
Calculating Study of the Turbine at Last Stage Flow Field in the Small Volume Flow Condition
Authors: Jiang Tieliu , Jin Jianguo , Wang Zhanzhou , Cao Lihua , Li Bo
Published: November 2017

Based on basic equation and boundary layer theory of pneumodynamics, the thesis conducts numerical modeling and theoretical analysis on the last stage of turbine characteristics at a small volume flow by using FLUENT, gives an emphasized analysis on the position of first occurrence of backflow and its expansion direction and comes up with flow structure of the turbine flow field at last stage in the small volume flow condition. In connection with specific experiments, it puts forward the flow model of backflow occurring in the last stage field and the solution to the model. The flow field at last stage for a 100MW turbine in the small volume flow condition that is calculated by using the model is basically in conformity to the actual result.
Low Cost Integrated Navigation System for Unmanned Vessel
Authors: Yang Changsong , Wang Qi
Published: November 2017

Large errors of low-cost MEMS inertial measurement unit (MIMU) lead to huge navigation errors, even wrong navigation information. An integrated navigation system for unmanned vessel is proposed. It consists of a low-cost MIMU and Doppler velocity sonar (DVS). This paper presents an integrated navigation method, to improve the performance of navigation system. The integrated navigation system is tested using simulation and semi-physical simulation experiments, whose results show that attitude, velocity and position accuracy has improved awfully, giving exactly accurate navigation results. By means of the combination of low-cost MIMU and DVS, the proposed system is able to overcome fast drift problems of the low cost IMU.
Modeling and Analysis of 12-Pulse Inverter in Shipboard or Aircraft
Authors: Che Yanbo , Liu Guojian , Xu Jianmei , Zhao Yuancheng
Published: November 2017

With the development of DC distribution system within the isolated power system of a ship or an aircraft, more constant frequency loads will be supplied by inverters connected to DC main bus. In the operating mode conversion process of an isolated power system, inverters will inevitably suffer from serious disturbance and affect the stability of the system. Therefore, it is important to establish a model of the inverter that reflects its dynamic characteristics and based on which to conduct the stability analysis. This paper proposes a 12-pulse inverter model based on the generalized state space averaging (GSSA) method. This model can overcome the limitations of 12-pulse inverter state space averaging (SSA) model in transient analysis with good accuracy and fast analysis ability effectively. Three kinds of models for a 12-pulse aircraft inverter are built in MATLAB, namely GSSA model, SSA model and detail device model. The simulation results show the high accuracy of GSSA model in stability analysis. This study provides an effective analytical tool for stability analysis of 12-pulse inverter and also provides a reference for inverter modeling research of isolated power system such as in aircraft or ship.
Marine Search and Rescue of UAV in Long-Distance Security Modeling Simulation
Authors: Zheng Lei , Hu Jianbo , Xu Shukui
Published: November 2017

Long-distance safety of Marine search and rescue using drones can improve the searching speed. The current method is based on the long distance security classification of UAV.The degree of accuracy is low. A long-distance security modeling approach based on ArduinoMiniPro’s Marine search-and-rescue applying UAV is proposed. The method puts the fault tree analysis and relevant calculation for risk identification into use. The main factors affecting the safety of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are long-distance searching and rescuing. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively build modeling for the long-distance safety of the Marine search and rescue UAV
Identification Algorithm of Uncertain Sonar Signals in Complex Marine Environment
Authors: Zhang Xuefeng
Published: November 2017

The current identification algorithm using sonar signal parameters of bandwidth, frequency, duration and pulse waveform which are easy to detect and imitation, to identify the identity of sonar signal, resulting in part of the sonar signal identity is not easy to distinguish. Therefore, an algorithm based on signal feature extraction and digital watermarking is proposed to recognize the uncertain sonar signals. The algorithm embeds the digital watermark into the detection signal from the uncertain sonar. The identity of the signal is recognized by detecting whether the received signal contains watermarks. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the recognition performance of sonar signal source.
Demographic and Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa: Processes, Spatial Patterns, and Outcomes
Authors: Yüceşahin M. Murat , Tulga A. Yiğitalp
Published: November 2017

The Middle East and North Africa region has been an important player in the swift demographic transition process that happened in many parts of the developing world starting in the mid-twentieth century. This demographic change was not independent from the developmental efforts and political transformations that the region was experiencing. Social and demographic change in the Middle East and North Africa brought with them power struggles, changes in social and political structures, and confusion in all areas of social life, all of which could be seen in the region. This paper focuses on the more general aspects of the demographic and social characteristics in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa in 1950, 1980, and 2015, bearing in mind the relationship between mentalities and events, and dealing with the issue through the lens of social change, demographic change, resistance, and the struggle for political change in an international context. This study has two main approaches. First, it investigates demographic changes and spatial clustering with a qualitative (cluster analysis) approach in Middle Eastern and North Africa countries based on selected demographic indicators for the years 1950, 1980, and 2015. Then it discusses the relationship between the outcomes of these demographic changes and recent socio-political developments in the region. One of the main findings of this study is MENA countries present three different structures in different time-periods in terms of demographics and these structures are responsible for the regional social, economic, and political transformations.
Criteria System of Emergency Situations Risks Assessment in the Baltic Sea Ports
Authors: Bazaras Darius , Palšaitis Ramūnas , Petraška Artūras , Zvaigzne Andrejs
Published: November 2017

This paper reviews the principles of transportation risk assessment in the Baltic Sea ports and hinterland. The essential steps of assessment are the identification of primary criterions, the determining the underlying criterion groups and quantitative assessment of international environment indicators and nature, infrastructure indicators and organizational indicators on the basis of the multiple-criteria evaluation methods. Designed system of criteria creates a possibility for objective evaluation of risk management processes and allows planning objectively long-term risk management strategy in the ports according to certain economic development circumstances.
Methodology of Evaluation of the Impact of Picking Area Location on the Total Costs of Warehouse
Authors: Apsalons Raitis , Gromov Gennady
Published: November 2017

The picking system and the layout of the picking area are the key drivers for the evaluation of a warehouse picking cost. There are five variants for organizing the picking process of orders in a warehouse. The choice of a specific variant depends on the total cost of picking. The picking cost is evaluated within an uninterrupted picking process. It means that no stock out occurs in the time period of the picking process. The storing area and the picking area are created as two separate zones for picking quantities of the customer’s orders; the principle of division of orders is observed strictly. Referring to the locations of stock keeping units (SKU), two approaches of the layout of SKU in the picking area can be estimated. The first one is the single picking location for each single SKU, where replenishment is realized in the picking process. The second one - various picking locations for each single SKU, and the replenishment here is realized just only prior to a picking process or after it. The main benefits of the economy of the picking cost as far as these two approaches are concerned are the shortest picking route in the first case and one common replenishment option in the second case.
Restorer-of-FertilityMutations Recovered in Transposon-Active Lines of S Male-Sterile Maize
Authors: Gabay-Laughnan Susan , Settles A Mark , Hannah L Curtis , Porch Timothy G , Becraft Philip W , McCarty Donald R , Koch Karen E , Zhao Liming , Kamps Terry L , Chamusco Karen C , Chase Christine D
Published: November 2017

Mitochondria execute key pathways of central metabolism and serve as cellular sensing and signaling entities, functions that depend upon interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genetic systems. This is exemplified in cytoplasmic male sterility type S (CMS-S) of Zea mays, where novel mitochondrial open reading frames are associated with a pollen collapse phenotype, but nuclear restorer-of-fertility (restorer) mutations rescue pollen function. To better understand these genetic interactions, we screened Activator-Dissociation (Ac-Ds), Enhancer/Suppressor-mutator (En/Spm), and Mutator (Mu) transposon-active CMS-S stocks to recover new restorer mutants. The frequency of restorer mutations increased in transposon-active stocks compared to transposon-inactive stocks, but most mutants recovered from Ac-Ds and En/Spm stocks were unstable, reverting upon backcrossing to CMS-S inbred lines. However, 10 independent restorer mutations recovered from CMS-S Mu transposon stocks were stable upon backcrossing. Many restorer mutations condition seed-lethal phenotypes that provide a convenient test for allelism. Eight such mutants recovered in this study included one pair of allelic mutations that were also allelic to the previously described rfl2-1 mutant. Targeted analysis of mitochondrial proteins by immunoblot identified two features that consistently distinguished restored CMS-S pollen from comparably staged, normal-cytoplasm, nonmutant pollen: increased abundance of nuclear-encoded alternative oxidase relative to mitochondria-encoded cytochrome oxidase and decreased abundance of mitochondria-encoded ATP synthase subunit 1 compared to nuclear-encoded ATP synthase subunit 2. CMS-S restorer mutants thus revealed a metabolic plasticity in maize pollen, and further study of these mutants will provide new insights into mitochondrial functions that are critical to pollen and seed development.
CARIFTA A CSME: ¿DE ZONA DE LIBRE COMERCIO A LA UNIÓN ECONÓMICA Y POLÍTICA?
Authors: Sampson Elizabeth Abigail
Published: November 2017

Los esquemas de integración regional fortalecen vínculos entre los países miembros (regionalismo cerrado). Muchas veces, los países miembros son países vecinos. A la vez, la colaboración con otros esquemas promueve la solidaridad. No obstante, los esquemas de integración están aquejados por las asimetrías. La Comunidad Caribeña (CARICOM) es un esquema de integración regional que también enfrenta muchos retos; pero hay potencial para llegar al mismo nivel de integración como la Unión Europea. Este artículo examina la evolución, los retos, y las oportunidades de la CARICOM y ofrece varias recomendaciones.
Biocompatibility of propolis in subcutaneous tissue of rats: a possible biomaterial for cavity cleansing
Authors: De Almeida Mailza Costa , Ferreira Luiz Carlos De Lima , Venâncio Gisely Naura , De Souza Risonilce Fernandes Silva , Lima Emerson Silva , Conde Nikeila Chacon de Oliveira , Bandeira Maria Fulgência Costa Lima
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histopathologically analyze, in subcutaneous connective tissue in rats, a propolis solution for cavity cleansing and its toxicity through hemolytic and Artemia franciscana tests.METHODS: Fifteen male rats were selected and randomly distributed in three experimental periods (07, 30 and 45 days), in which each animal received the four treatment groups in rounds: Group I – Propolis I; Group II – Propolis II; Group III – Calcium Hydroxide Water and Group IV – 2% Chlorexidine; the sides of the tube were the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed, in terms of biocompatibility, that all materials presented a significant reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase of the thickness in the collagen fibers. It may be suggested, in decreasing order of biocompatibility, the use of following materials: calcium hydroxide-water, 2% chlorexidine, propolis I and propolis II.RESULTS: In the cytotoxicity test using A. franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity when tested at concentrations and in the hemolytic activity test the propolis I extract showed greater activity than propolis II.CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similar to 2% chlorexidine.
As reformas Pombalinas e a educação no Brasil: as reformas pombalinas e seu impacto sobre a colônia
Authors: Calazans Falcon Francisco José
Published: November 2017

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Missões jesuíticas coloniais
Authors: Caleffi Giorgis Paula
Published: November 2017

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Bem-vindo aos indesejáveis: a dupla imagem de judeus no Brasil nos anos 30
Authors: Lasser Jeff
Published: November 2017

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Dos navios para as fábricas: imigrantes romenos entre os operários ijuienses dos anos quarenta
Authors: Weber Regina
Published: November 2017

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Bibliografias, historiografias e “review essas” sobre a história da América Latina na literatura periódica (1980-1989) – análise e tendências
Authors: Ruiz Ernesto
Published: November 2017

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On osp(n|2)-relative cohomology on ℝ1|n
Authors: Fraj Nizar Ben , Khalfoun Hafedh , Basdouri Imed
Published: November 2017

We compute the second differential osp(n|2)-relative cohomology of the Lie superalgebra К(n) of contact vector fields with coefficients in the superspace of weighted densities on the (1, n)-dimensional real superspace, n > 1, where osp(n|2) is the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra. We explicitly give 2-cocycles spanning theses cohomology spaces. This work is the simplest generalization of a result by Basdouri [ On osp(1|2)-Relative Cohomology on S1|1. Communications in Algebra 42:4, 1698–1710 (2014)].
Unimodular ICIS, a classifier
Authors: Afzal Deeba , Afzal Farkhanda , Mubarak Sidra , Pfister Gerhard , Yaqub Asad
Published: November 2017

We present the algorithms for computing the normal form of unimodular complete intersection surface singularities classified by C. T. C. Wall. He indicated in the list only the μ-constant strata and not the complete classification in each case. We give a complete list of surface unimodular singularities. We also give the description of a classifier which is implemented in the computer algebra system Singular.
D-vitamin és kalciumpótlás az időskori csípőtáji törések megelőzésében
Authors: Salamon Antal , Toldy Erzsébet , Biró Csaba , Mátrai Ákos , Balassa Tibor , Lőcsei Zoltán
Published: November 2017

Abstract:

Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining calcium and bone metabolism, a risk factor of osteoporosis, fall and fracture in old age. Reduction in D-vitamin levels associated with compensatory increased level of parathyroid hormone causes significant loss of bone matrix, so substitutions of vitamin D and calcium are very important. Many authors publish their recommended doses used for prevention of hip fracture during the last years. Some authors are satisfied only with vitamin D supplementation while others have better experiences with vitamin D and calcium substitution. On the other hand, some metaanalyses give contradictory results and propose further investigations. It is important to consider the patients’ eating habits and lifestyle as well as the risk of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. Further trials should be done in different age groups in order to examine the effects of different doses of vitamin D without and with calcium to make a final decision. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(43): 1699–1707.
The Varieties of Religious Purpose
Authors: Montanye James
Published: November 2017

This essay argues that economic scarcity, along with mankind’s evolved propensity for reciprocity, are keys to understanding the origins and evolution of Western religion in all its varieties and purposes. Scarcity is religion’s first cause uncaused. Eusocial cooperation and productive efficiency, which are mobilized by religion, are shown to be inherent and rational responses to scarcity. The reformation that began around 1500 CE represents the substitution of efficient secular (civil) religions for traditional theological varieties. The balance between traditional and secular religions is determined by cost, benefits, and the structure of economic payoffs.
From Compulsive to Persuasive Agencies
Authors: Jackson Myron
Published: November 2017

Western societies currently face the backlash of violent and militant extremisms practiced in the form of tribalistic-phobocratic politics. The battleground is set between advocates of self-centeredness and those who entertain a world-centered self. To entertain concerns what Henri Bergson calls “zones of indetermination” and assumes A. N. Whitehead’s dictum: “in the real world it is more important that a proposition be interesting than that it be true. The importance of truth is, that it adds to interest” (1978 89, 92, 259). Cultural agencies, processes, and aims that we take an “interest” in have the power to be more influential, encouraging norms of persuasion. Such openness to the persuasion of entertainment is propositional in character, or acts as “lures for feeling” of proposals to be felt without mandates. The first section will discuss the way in which to take up the daunting task of reading Whitehead. The second and third sections will address those aspects pertinent to a philosophy of entertainment that present the cultural-aesthetic underpinnings for the emergence of persuasive agencies. The goal of cultivating tolerance and freedom for civilized societies hinges upon institutional methods and practices that are legitimated more by way of persuasive coercion rather than coercive persuasion.
Особенности информационной безопасности в электроэнергетике
Authors: Смирнова Е. В. , Смирнов А. О. , Ольшевская О. В.
Published: November 2017

Вопрос безопасности объектов критической важности, в частности в сфере электроэнергетики, всегда стоит остро как перед владельцами предприятий, так и перед государством. В статье рассматриваются особенности обеспечения информационной защиты для электроэнергетической области. Предложена концепция организации информационной безопасности автоматизированных систем управления технологическими процессами. Концепция затрагивает как электроэнергетические предприятия, так и промышленные предприятия в целом.
La intervención neuropsicológica de los trastornos de la lectura
Authors: Guevara Exequiel
Published: November 2017

La intervención neuropsicológica de los trastornos de la lectura
Análisis psicométrico preliminar de una medida breve de autoeficacia profesional en trabajadores peruanos: AU-10
Authors: Calderón-De la Cruz Gustavo Alexis , Domínguez-Lara Sergio Alexis , Arroyo-Rodríguez Fiorella
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: El fin de este trabajo es presentar un análisis preliminar de la escala de autoeficacia profesional (AU-10) en trabajadores administrativos de una empresa retail de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. Método: La muestra estuvo conformada por 100 trabajadores (55% varones) con edades entre 21 y 58 años (M = 31.20; DE = 7.02) con ocupaciones de asistentes (38%) analistas (42%) y jefes (20%), siendo sus años de experiencia desde los 6 hasta los 219 meses (M = 43.05; DE = 34.59; Mdn = 36.00). Se exploró la representatividad de los ítems respecto al constructo a través del método de jueces aplicando la V de Aiken y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza, se analizó la estructura interna mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio y la confiabilidad. Resultados: indican representatividad de los ítems frente al constructo a un nivel liberal (Vo = 0.50, Cicchetti, 1994), se encontró un factor unidimensional aunque con errores correlacionados en uno de los ítems qué al ser retirado ajusto el modelo y reguló la estimación de la confiabilidad encontrándose este último a un nivel elevado (>.80). Conclusiones: las implicancias de la utilidad del AU-10, la importancia de estudios de la autoeficacia en el contexto del trabajo peruano y las limitaciones del presente estudio. Por otra parte el presente estudio constituyen un aporte meritorio para los profesionales e investigadores relacionados al mundo de las organizaciones quienes pueden dirigir su atención en seleccionar a la autoeficacia como una medida priorizable en el campo laboral peruano.
La diversidad sexual y sus representaciones en la juventud
Authors: Chávez Martínez Mayra Aracely , Zapata Salazar Joel , Petrzelová Mazacová Jana , Villanueva Ibarra Gonzalo
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar la percepción de la diversidad sexual a partir de las representaciones que, a través del discurso, los jóvenes expresan. Método: Se trabajó con un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal/transaccional de alcance descriptivo. Como instrumento se utilizó la técnica de Redes Semánticas Modificadas; trabajándose los siguientes indicadores: tamaño de la red, peso semántico, diferencia semántica cuantitativa y núcleo de la red. La muestra se integró por 250 jóvenes de ambos sexos, con edades entre los 19 y los 29 años.  Se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico, cuyos criterios de inclusión fueron: la disponibilidad y el consentimiento informado. Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que los sujetos refieren construcciones cada vez menos rígidas en torno a la diversidad sexual, revelando en algunos casos discursos contradictorios en torno a ésta; por un lado, emociones negativas como el miedo y por otro, mayor apertura a la igualdad y al respeto. Conclusiones: Es necesario considerar que, a pesar de haberse observado una tendencia al cambio en las respuestas de los participantes de este estudio, se debe continuar monitoreando esta tendencia y sus implicaciones en generaciones pasadas y futuras.