bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shareholders in the Driver’s Seat: Unraveling the Impact on Financial Performance in Latvian Fintech Companies
Authors: Rupeika-Apoga Ramona , Wendt Stefan , Geyfman Victoria
Published: March 2024

Fintech companies are relatively young and operate in a rapidly evolving and ever-changing industry, which makes it important to understand how different factors, including shareholder presence in management roles, affect their performance. This study investigates the impact of shareholder presence in director and manager positions on the financial performance of Latvian fintechs. Our investigation centers on essential financial ratios, including Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Profit Margin, Liquidity Ratio, Current Ratio, and Solvency Ratio. Our findings suggest that the presence of shareholders in director and manager roles does not significantly affect the financial performance of fintech companies. Although the statistical analysis did not yield significant results, it is important to consider additional insights garnered from Cliff’s Delta effect sizes. Specifically, despite the lack of statistical significance, practical significance indicates that fintech companies in which directors and managers are shareholders show slightly better performance than other fintech companies. Beyond shedding light on the intricacies of corporate governance in the fintech sector, this research serves as a valuable resource for investors, stakeholders, and fellow researchers seeking to understand the impact of shareholder presence in director and manager roles on the financial performance of fintechs.
Capital Structure Models and Contingent Convertible Securities
Authors: Meng Di , Metzler Adam , Reesor R. Mark
Published: March 2024

We implemented a methodology to calibrate capital structure models for banks that have issued contingent convertible securities (CoCos). Typical studies involving capital structure model calibration focus on non-financial firms as they have lower leverage and no contingent convertible securities. From a theoretical perspective, we found that jumps in the asset value process were necessary to obtain a satisfactory fit to the market data. In practice, contingent capital conversion triggers are discretionary, and there is considerable uncertainty around when regulators are likely to enforce conversion. The market-implied conversion triggers we obtain indicate that the market expects regulators to enforce conversion while the issuing bank is a going concern, as opposed to a gone concern. This fact is presumably of interest to potential dealers, regulators, issuers, and investors.
The Claw: An Avian-Inspired, Large Scale, Hybrid Rigid-Continuum Gripper
Authors: Stokes Mary E. , Mohrmann John K. , Frazelle Chase G. , Walker Ian D. , Lv Ge
Published: March 2024

Most robotic hands have been created at roughly the scale of the human hand, with rigid components forming the core structural elements of the fingers. This focus on the human hand has concentrated attention on operations within the human hand scale, and on the handling of objects suitable for grasping with current robot hands. In this paper, we describe the design, development, and testing of a four-fingered gripper which features a novel combination of actively actuated rigid and compliant elements. The scale of the gripper is unusually large compared to most existing robot hands. The overall goal for the hand is to explore compliant grasping of potentially fragile objects of a size not typically considered. The arrangement of the digits is inspired by the feet of birds, specifically raptors. We detail the motivation for this physical hand structure, its design and operation, and describe testing conducted to assess its capabilities. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the hand in grasping delicate objects of relatively large size and highlight some limitations of the underlying rigid/compliant hybrid design.
MM-EMOG: Multi-Label Emotion Graph Representation for Mental Health Classification on Social Media
Authors: Cabral Rina Carines , Han Soyeon Caren , Poon Josiah , Nenadic Goran
Published: March 2024

More than 80% of people who commit suicide disclose their intention to do so on social media. The main information we can use in social media is user-generated posts, since personal information is not always available. Identifying all possible emotions in a single textual post is crucial to detecting the user’s mental state; however, human emotions are very complex, and a single text instance likely expresses multiple emotions. This paper proposes a new multi-label emotion graph representation for social media post-based mental health classification. We first construct a word–document graph tensor to describe emotion-based contextual representation using emotion lexicons. Then, it is trained by multi-label emotions and conducts a graph propagation for harmonising heterogeneous emotional information, and is applied to a textual graph mental health classification. We perform extensive experiments on three publicly available social media mental health classification datasets, and the results show clear improvements.
Identification of Quality Markers in Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Using UPLC-Q-Extractive Orbitrap/MS, Chemometric Analysis, and Network Pharmacology
Authors: Wang Yinpeng , Li Yumei , Ding Yan , Du Xinxin , Zhu Jingbo
Published: March 2024

Chemical composition is a critical factor for determining the efficacy of any traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and can be used as an indicator of commercial quality. To develop a new strategy for discovering potential quality markers (Q-markers) of TCM by integrating ultra-performance liquid chromatography-Q-extractive orbitrap/mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Extractive Orbitrap/MS), chemometric analysis, and network pharmacology, using Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis) as an example. The chemical profiling of S. chinensis was performed using UPLC-Q-Extractive Orbitrap/MS, followed by identification of hepatoprotective Q-markers through a comprehensive understanding of chemometric analysis and virtual target prediction of network pharmacology. Six compounds were considered potent candidates for Q-markers, which were identified as schisandrol A (6), angeloylgomisin H (10), schisantherin A (17), schisantherin B (18), schisandrin A (23), and schisandrin C (26). All Q-markers exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity, as evidenced by in vitro experiments. Subsequently, a method for simultaneous quantification was established and employed to analyse seven batches of S. chinensis. Therefore, the integrated approach of UPLC-Q-Extractive Orbitrap/MS, chemometrics, and network pharmacology proved to be an effective strategy for the discovery of Q-markers that can assist in assessing the overall chemical consistency of samples and provide a basis for quality evaluation of the material basis of S. chinensis.
ApeTI: A Thermal Image Dataset for Face and Nose Segmentation with Apes
Authors: Martin Pierre-Etienne , Kachel Gregor , Wieg Nicolas , Eckert Johanna , Haun Daniel
Published: March 2024

The ApeTI dataset was built with the aim of retrieving physiological signals such as heart rate, breath rate, and cognitive load from thermal images of great apes. We want to develop computer vision tools that psychologists and animal behavior researchers can use to retrieve physiological signals noninvasively. Our goal is to increase the use of a thermal imaging modality in the community and avoid using more invasive recording methods to answer research questions. The first step to retrieving physiological signals from thermal imaging is their spatial segmentation to then analyze the time series of the regions of interest. For this purpose, we present a thermal imaging dataset based on recordings of chimpanzees with their face and nose annotated using a bounding box and nine landmarks. The face and landmarks’ locations can then be used to extract physiological signals. The dataset was acquired using a thermal camera at the Leipzig Zoo. Juice was provided in the vicinity of the camera to encourage the chimpanzee to approach and have a good view of the face. Several computer vision methods are presented and evaluated on this dataset. We reach mAPs of 0.74 for face detection and 0.98 for landmark estimation using our proposed combination of the Tifa and Tina models inspired by the HRNet models. A proof of concept of the model is presented for physiological signal retrieval but requires further investigation to be evaluated. The dataset and the implementation of the Tina and Tifa models are available to the scientific community for performance comparison or further applications.
Systems Thinking and Models in Public Health
Authors: Giabbanelli Philippe J. , Page Andrew
Published: March 2024

In responding to population health challenges, epidemiologists want to identify causal associations between an exposure (e [...]
A Method for Inspiring Radical Innovative Design Based on Cross-Domain Knowledge Mining
Authors: Yu Fei , Jia Xiuchuan , Zhao Xiaowei , Li Jing
Published: March 2024

The reasonable application of cross-domain knowledge tends to promote the generation of radical innovation. However, it is difficult to accurately capture the cross-domain knowledge needed for radical innovation. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method for inspiring radical innovative design based on FOS and technological distance measurement. First, the functional analysis of the problem product is carried out to determine the target function. Second, the patent sets of problem domain and target domains are constructed based on FOS. Then, this study optimizes the method of technological distance measurement and uses it to determine the optimal target domain. After further categorizing and screening the patents contained in the optimal target domain, specific cross-domain knowledge is pushed to designers. This method can help firms select the most appropriate cross-domain knowledge to design solutions for different problems, thus increasing the possibility of generating radical innovation. In the end, the method is validated in the design of a stovetop cleaning device.
Indications of Endocrine Disruptor Effects of JP-5 Jet Fuel Using a Rat-Model Reproductive Study and an In Vitro Human Hormone Receptor Assay
Authors: Howard William R. , Rohan Joyce G. , Yeager Kimberly S. B. , Gut Chester P. , Frondorf Kathleen A. , McInturf Shawn M. , Gargas Nathan M. , Mumy Karen L.
Published: March 2024

Recent events concerning jet fuel contamination of drinking water have shown that we need a better understanding of the effects of ingested jet fuel. To this end, a reproductive study with ingested jet fuel in rats was undertaken with relatively high concentrations of Jet Propellant (JP)-5 along with a human estrogen receptor activation in vitro assay using JP-5, JP-8, and an alternative jet fuel derived from the camelina plant referred to as HydroRenewable Jet (HRJ) fuel, to help evaluate potential effects of ingested jet fuel. The results of the in vivo study provide evidence that JP-5 can act as an endocrine disruptor, with specific observations including altered hormone levels with JP-5 exposure (significantly lower estradiol levels in male rats and significantly increased Dehydroepiandrosterone levels in females), and a decreased male/female offspring ratio. The in vitro hormone receptor activation assay indicated that JP-5 and JP-8 are capable of upregulating human estrogen receptor (ER) activity, while HRJ was not active in the ER assay. The jet fuels were not able to activate androgen or glucocorticoid receptors in further in vitro assays. These results infer potential endocrine disruption associated with JP-5, with activation of the estrogen receptor as one potential mechanism of action.
Correction: Yu et al. Inhibiting Liver Autophagy and Promoting Hepatocyte Apoptosis by Schistosoma japonicum Infection. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9, 42
Authors: Yu Zhihao , Jiang Tingting , Xu Fangfang , Zhang Jing , Hu Yuan , Cao Jianping
Published: March 2024

In the published publication [...]
The Effectiveness of the Third Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine: When Should It Be Performed?
Authors: Biganzoli Giacomo , Mendola Marco , Perrone Pier Mario , Antonangeli Laura Maria , Longo Anna Beatrice Elena , Carrer Paolo , Colosio Claudio , Consonni Dario , Marano Giuseppe , Boracchi Patrizia , Biganzoli Elia , Castaldi Silvana
Published: March 2024

Background: COVID-19 vaccination is the most significant step toward the long-term mitigation of SARS-CoV-2-related complication, avoiding disease and death and decreasing virus spread. This study aimed to evaluate, in a real-world setting, booster dose effectiveness to reduce COVID-19 risk considering the amount of time after the end of the two-dose vaccination cycle. A sub-analysis was conducted to adjust the booster dose effect for occupational and demographic factors. Methods: About 16,000 COVID-19-vaccinated HCWs of three University Hospital Networks in Milan (HN1/HN2/HN3) were included in the study. Data were collected by Occupational Health Physicians of the HNs within specific computerized databases. Results: In univariable analysis, booster dose administration displayed a slightly higher risk of infection with respect to not receiving it, OR = 1.18, with 95% confidence interval (C.I) [0.99, 1.41]. When the model was adjusted with the modulating effect of time from the completion of the vaccination cycle on booster dose administration, the latter resulted in strong protective effect against infection, OR = 0.43, 95% CI [0.26, 0.74]. However, considering the modifying influence of time from the vaccination cycle’s completion, the administration of booster doses appeared to have a protective effect against infection. In HN1, students and resident physicians displayed lower odds of infection with respect to physicians. Lastly, a non-linear effect of age was reported. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the correct timing in vaccine scheduling and administration is critical to vaccine effectiveness. These findings, applicable to all vaccinations, should help in setting up more effective vaccination strategies.
Psychosocial Factors Influencing Parents’ Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination for Their Children: An Italian Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Capasso Miriam , Bianchi Marcella , Caso Daniela
Published: March 2024

Vaccine hesitancy poses a significant threat to the health of individuals across all age groups, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, an extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to investigate psychosocial variables predicting intention to vaccinate children under 12 against COVID-19 in a sample of 420 Italian parents (Mean age = 40.4, SD = 5.9; Women = 78.1%). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that, among the TPB variables, cognitive attitude, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly predicted parents’ vaccination intention. Furthermore, including trust in the institutions’ ability to manage the vaccination campaign in the model significantly increased the explained variance in intention. These findings suggest that campaigns promoting childhood COVID-19 vaccination should not only emphasize the safety and effectiveness of vaccines for children but also focus on reducing barriers to vaccination. Additionally, attention should be given to enhancing the perception that this behavior is widespread among other parents, thus leveraging the power of social influence. Finally, and not less important, significant efforts should be directed toward building and reinforcing trust in the system of actors promoting and managing the COVID-19 vaccination campaign.
Factors Affecting the Implementation and Acceptance of the Cocoon Strategy in the NICU in a Tertiary Center in Türkiye
Authors: Karatekin Şeyma , Törün Selda Hançerli , Şenol Ebru , Çakır Salih Çağrı , Gökçay Gülbin
Published: March 2024

Pertussis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in infancy. It is recommended that close contacts of the baby be vaccinated with Tdap, and this practice is called the cocoon strategy. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of the cocoon strategy and to determine the factors affecting the process. Mothers of babies who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit were included in the study. In the first stage, a face-to-face questionnaire was given to the mothers to measure their level of knowledge about whooping cough and its vaccine. In the second stage, written and verbal information about the cocoon strategy was given, and then vaccination intentions for Tdap were learned. In the third stage, all mothers were contacted 3 weeks after and asked whether they had received a Tdap vaccination and why. Of these mothers, 68% could not answer any questions about pertussis disease and vaccines correctly. After the information, 35% (n = 78) of the mothers stated that they were considering getting vaccinated, while only 2% (n = 5) of the mothers were able to get the Tdap vaccine. The most important reasons for not getting vaccinated were a lack of time (24%) and the cost of vaccination (23%). It is predicted that Tdap vaccination rates may increase if the cost of vaccine, availability of vaccine, and the access of mothers to the vaccine application are facilitated.
Automated Analysis Pipeline for Extracting Saccade, Pupil, and Blink Parameters Using Video-Based Eye Tracking
Authors: Coe Brian C. , Huang Jeff , Brien Donald C. , White Brian J. , Yep Rachel , Munoz Douglas P.
Published: March 2024

The tremendous increase in the use of video-based eye tracking has made it possible to collect eye tracking data from thousands of participants. The traditional procedures for the manual detection and classification of saccades and for trial categorization (e.g., correct vs. incorrect) are not viable for the large datasets being collected. Additionally, video-based eye trackers allow for the analysis of pupil responses and blink behaviors. Here, we present a detailed description of our pipeline for collecting, storing, and cleaning data, as well as for organizing participant codes, which are fairly lab-specific but nonetheless, are important precursory steps in establishing standardized pipelines. More importantly, we also include descriptions of the automated detection and classification of saccades, blinks, “blincades” (blinks occurring during saccades), and boomerang saccades (two nearly simultaneous saccades in opposite directions where speed-based algorithms fail to split them), This is almost entirely task-agnostic and can be used on a wide variety of data. We additionally describe novel findings regarding post-saccadic oscillations and provide a method to achieve more accurate estimates for saccade end points. Lastly, we describe the automated behavior classification for the interleaved pro/anti-saccade task (IPAST), a task that probes voluntary and inhibitory control. This pipeline was evaluated using data collected from 592 human participants between 5 and 93 years of age, making it robust enough to handle large clinical patient datasets. In summary, this pipeline has been optimized to consistently handle large datasets obtained from diverse study cohorts (i.e., developmental, aging, clinical) and collected across multiple laboratory sites.
MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS WITH CANNED HALAGE INCLUDED IN THE DIET
Authors: ВАГАПОВ И.Ф. , БРАГИНА Ю.Ю. , ТАГИРОВ Х.Х. , ГИЗАТОВА Н.В. , ГИЗАТОВ А.Я.
Published: March 2024

Проведены исследования по оценке эффективности консерванта биологического происхождения на основе живых культур молочнокислых бактерий рода Lactobacillus, применяемого при консервировании сенажа из люцерны, используемого в кормлении лактирующих коров черно-пестрой породы, в условиях Республики Башкортостан. Биоконсервант, применяемый при заготовке люцернового сенажа, способствовал повышению питательности корма: cодержание сухого вещества возросло на 1,7—5,1%, энергетических кормовых единиц — на 2,2—6,4%, обменной энергии — на 2,4—5,2%, сырого протеина — на 3,8—9,2%, переваримого протеина — на 3,2—6,8%. Среди опытных образцов сенажа наилучшее качество отмечалось при использовании биоконсерванта в концентрации 1,43% в рабочем растворе. Результаты научно-хозяйственного опыта свидетельствуют, что скармливание в составе рационов консервированного сенажа дойным коровам позволяет повысить их молочную продуктивность. За период эксперимента животные из опытных групп превзошли сверстниц из контроля по удою на 4,28—13,21% (Р<0,05—0,001). Наиболее высокую молочную продуктивность продемонстрировали особи из опытной группы, получавшей сенаж, консервированный изучаемым биопрепаратом в концентрации 1,43% в рабочем растворе, в дозе 4 л на 1 т зеленой массы.

Research has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using a preservative of biological origin based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, used in the preservation of alfalfa haylage, when raising lactating black-and-white cows in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. A biopreservative based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, used in the preparation of alfalfa haylage, contributed to an increase in the nutritional value of the feed. Thus, the dry matter content increased by 1.7—5.1%, energy feed units — by 2.2—6.4%, metabolic energy — by 2.4—5.2%, crude protein — by 3.8—9.2%, digestible protein — by 3.2—6.8%. Among the experimental samples of haylage, the best quality is observed when using a starter based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus at a concentration of 1.43% in the working solution. The results of scientific and economic experience indicate that feeding black-motley breed dairy cows as part of their diets with canned haylage can increase milk productivity. Thus, cows from the experimental groups outperformed their peers from the control group in terms of milk yield during the experimental period by 4.28—13.21% (P<0.05—0.001). At the same time, the highest milk productivity was demonstrated by the cows of the experimental group that received haylage preserved with a biological product based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus with a concentration of 1.43% in the working solution, at a dose of 4 liters per 1 ton of green mass.
STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING THE NATIONAL GENETIC EXAMINATION PROGRAM IN FARM ANIMAL BREEDING
Authors: ПЛЕМЯШОВ К.В. , СЕРДЮК Г.Н. , БАТРАКОВ А.Я.
Published: March 2024

В Российской Федерации в соответствии с Федеральным законом от 3 августа 1995 г. №123-ФЗ «О племенном животноводстве» разработана и выполняется общегосударственная программа генетической экспертизы племенной продукции сельскохозяйственных животных. Она является неотъемлемой составной частью первичного зоотехнического учета и проводится с целью генетической идентификации, оценки достоверности происхождения, выявления генетических аномалий животных. Обязательной проверке на достоверность происхождения по группам крови или микросателлитам подлежат все виды сельскохозяйственных животных. Прошедшие годы показали недостаточную эффективность выполнения данной программы. В статье указаны недостатки в существующей системе и предложены пути ее совершенствования.

In compliance with Federal Law No. 123-FZ, titled 'On Livestock Breeding,' dated August 3, 1995, the Russian Federation has established and is currently executing a nationwide program for the genetic examination of farm animal breeding products. This program, an integral component of primary zootechnical registration, aims to achieve genetic identification, assess the reliability of origin, and detect genetic anomalies. Mandatory verification for reliable origin, conducted through blood groups or microsatellites, applies to all farm animals. Despite the program's implementation, recent years have revealed its insufficient effectiveness. The article identifies shortcomings in the existing system and proposes ways timprove it.
Efecto antitóxico de Aloe vera L. frente al piroxicam en Allium cepa L
Authors: Gonzales-Llontop Luis , Chotón-Calvo Mariel , Chico-Ruiz Julio , Reyes Rodríguez Luisa , Saldaña Miranda Marcela
Published: March 2024

En la presente investigación se evaluó el efecto antitóxico de Aloe vera L. frente al piroxicam en Allium cepa L. bajo un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado. Se formaron un grupo testigo y tres grupos experimentales. El efecto toxicológico del piroxicam 1% se midió a través del Registro Mitótico (R.M.). El grupo Problema 1 mostró el mayor valor de R.M. (12.5±0.37%) al sumergir las raíces en A. vera L. El grupo Problema 2 presentó el menor valor (7.6±0.24%) al exponer las raíces al piroxicam. En el grupo Problema 3, donde las raíces se expusieron al piroxicam y a. vera L., el valor del R.M. (9.4±0.19%) no fue significativamente diferente al grupo testigo (p>0.05). Aloe vera L. demostró un efecto antitóxico frente a la exposición de las raíces de Allium cepa L. al piroxicam al 1%.
Análisis de Emisiones de CO2 en Perú a través de componentes Principales y clasificación jerárquica
Authors: Quispe Mamani Julio Cesar , Rosado Chávez Charles Arturo , Ponce Quispe Lucas , Guevara Mamani Marcial , Quispe Zapana German Roberto , Enriquez Tavera Manuel Timoteo
Published: March 2024

La emisión de CO2 tiene dentro de sus impactos negativos su contribución al calentamiento global del planeta. El objetivo de la investigación fue examinar las relaciones entre fuentes de emisiones y remociones de CO2 a través de un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) y conglomerados jerárquicos. La investigación se desarrolló mediante un diseño observacional de cohorte retrospectivo. Fueron analizados datos públicos del Inventario Nacional de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (INGEI) en el período 2000-2019. Los resultados muestran que los sectores relacionados con la Agricultura, Silvicultura y Otros Usos de la Tierra (ASOUT) son los que más generan CO2 a la atmósfera. El ACP permitió reducir la información disponible de 78 variables a siete CP y dos cluster. Se concluye que la aplicación de ACP permitió identificar patrones en los datos resultantes de la clasificación de las fuentes y sumideros generadores de emisiones de CO2 en diferentes sectores económicos del país.
Материалы к фауне стафилинид (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) севера Корякии (Камчатский край)
Authors:   Institute of Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Magadan, Ryabukhin А. S.
Published: March 2024

Fifty species of rove beetles from twenty-six genera, belonging to the nine subfamilies (without subfamily Aleocharinae) are recorded for the fauna of the northern part of Koryakia (Kamchatskiy Kray). A table of list of species is presented. Collecting localities are mapped.
Asetabulum Arka Duvar Ve Arka Kolon Kırıklarında Kalkaneus Plağı Kullanımı, Teknik Özellikler ve Ameliyat Sonuçları
Authors: Tosyalı Hakan Koray , Hancıoğlu Sertan , Çetinarslan Oğuzhan , Teküstün Ferit , Okçu Güvenir
Published: March 2024

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada asetabular arka duvar ve arka kolon kırıklarının tespitinde kalkaneus plaklarının kullanımının etkinliği değerlendirildi.

Yöntemler: Kalkaneus plağı kullanılarak asetabulum arka duvar kırığı tespiti yapılan 28 hasta retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Kliniğimizde 2020-2023 yılları arasında 28 asetabulum arka duvar kırığı tedavi edildi. Cerrahi teknik, ameliyat sonrası sonuçlar, komplikasyonlar, hasta demografisi, kırık paternleri ve ameliyat öncesi durumlar değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 33,04 (19-49) olup, bunların 20'si erkek, 8'i kadındı. Hastaların 17'sinde (%60,7) sağ asetabulum kırığı ve 11'inde (%39,3) sol asetabulum kırığı tespit edildi. Ortalama takip süresi 22 aydı. 28 hastanın 22'si (%78,6) travmadan önce çalıştığı işe dönmüştür. İşe dönüş süresi ortalama 6,3 aydır (2-14 ay). Enfeksiyon, dislokasyon ve çıkık gibi komplikasyonlar heterotopik ossifikasyon kaydedildi. Brooker sınıflandırmasına göre 4 hastada heterotopik ossifikasyon vardı.

Sonuçlar: Kalkaneus plakları asetabulum arka duvar ve kolon kırıklarının tespitinde iyi sonuçlar göstermektedir. Avantajları, geleneksel tespit yöntemlerinin yerine uygulanabilir olma potansiyellerini göstermektedir. Bu bulguları doğrulamak için daha çok sayıda hasta ve daha uzun takip süreleri ile çalışma yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Asetabulum kırığı, kalkaneus plağı, cerrahi tedavi, arka duvar
Psychosocial determinants of functional independence among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goodarzi Fataneh , Khoshravesh Sahar , Ayubi Erfan , Bashirian Saeid , Barati Majid
Published: March 2024

Background: In current years, the increase in older population has led to creating one of the main public health challenges, worldwide. Because of the special characteristics of older adults, this age group is exposed to possible problems, such as mental and physical disorders, that usually affect their functional independence. The study aimed to determine the psychosocial determinants (e.g., depression, social support, and self-efficacy) affecting functional independence among older population. Methods: Our search was conducted on three international databases (Web of Sciences, PubMed/Medline, and Scopus) for all the observational studies (cross-sectional, cohort or longitudinal designs) on the social and psychological determinants of functional independence among older adults. Papers published in English without limitation of time were reviewed from inception to 26 August 2023. The quality assessment tool was the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The I2 index was used to quantify the degree of heterogeneity among the studies. In the case of heterogeneity higher than 50%, the random effects model has been used for overall estimation of the effects; otherwise, the fixed effects model was used. The pooled associations were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Stata version 14 software (StataCorp LP) was used for data analysis. The significance level was considered at 0.05. Results: In the initial search, 6978 articles were retrieved, and finally, considering the inclusion criteria, 46 articles were examined. Finally, 18 articles were eligible for meta-analysis. The findings indicated that among all the determinants affecting functional independence among older adults, depression could lead to a 76% increase in functional dependence. Conclusion: The findings provide a statistically significant relationship between psychosocial factors and functional independence. Depression was the strongest determinant of functional dependence among older adults.
The impact of self-monitoring physical and mental health via an mHealth application on postpartum weight retention: Data from the INTER-ACT RCT
Authors: Geusens Femke , Van Uytsel Hanne , Ameye Lieveke , Devlieger Roland , Jacquemyn Yves , Van Holsbeke Caroline , Bogaerts Annick
Published: March 2024

Background: Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) has many health risks. Digital self-monitoring of weight can potentially make postpartum weight management easier. We aim to test to what extent the self-monitoring of weight, steps and mental health through an mHealth application increases postpartum weight loss and reduces the odds of substantial PPWR (≥5 kg). Methods: Participants were mothers in the intervention arm of the INTER-ACT multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), an inter-pregnancy lifestyle intervention among mothers with excessive gestational weight gain. Participants (n=288) had access to an mHealth application to log their weight, steps and mental health between 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. A linear multiple regression model and a logistic regression model were run to test to what extent self-monitoring via the app increases postpartum weight loss and reduces the risk of substantial PPWR. Results: Women who logged their weight more often lost more weight (B=0.03, β=0.26, CIB =[0.01,0 .05], P<0.01), and had reduced odds of substantive PPWR (OR=0.99, CIOR =[0.98, 0.999], P<.05). Mental health logging reduced the odds of substantive PPWR (OR=0.98, CIOR =[0.97, 1.00], P<0.05), but was unrelated to the amount of weight loss. Steps logging was unrelated to either weight loss or substantive PPWR. Conclusion: Mothers with excessive gestational weight gain can benefit from app-based lifestyle interventions to reduce PPWR by self-monitoring their weight. More attention to mental health in PPWR interventions is needed.
Digital health and health equity: How digital health can address healthcare disparities and improve access to quality care in Africa
Authors: Qoseem Ibraheem Olasunkanmi , Okesanya Olalekan John , Olaleke Noah Olabode , Ukoaka Bonaventure Michael , Amisu Blessing Olawunmi , Ogaya Jerico Bautista , Lucero-Prisno III Don Eliseo
Published: March 2024

The healthcare industry is constantly evolving to bridge the inequality gap and provide precision care to its diverse population. One of these approaches is the integration of digital health tools into healthcare delivery. Significant milestones such as reduced maternal mortality, rising and rapidly proliferating health tech start-ups, and the use of drones and smart devices for remote health service delivery, among others, have been reported. However, limited access to family planning, migration of health professionals, climate change, gender inequity, increased urbanization, and poor integration of private health firms into healthcare delivery rubrics continue to impair the attainment of universal health coverage and health equity. Health policy development for an integrated health system without stigma, addressing inequalities of all forms, should be implemented. Telehealth promotion, increased access to infrastructure, international collaborations, and investment in health interventions should be continuously advocated to upscale the current health landscape and achieve health equity.
Phytochemical Measurements and Anti-microbial Evaluation of Neem Seed Extract
Authors: Akuma Desalegn Abdissa , Hundie Ketema Beyecha , Bayu Abraham Bekele
Published: March 2024

Background: The plants can introduce a wide range of phytochemical components which are considered as secondary metabolites. As antioxidants, phytochemicals prevent cell damages which are usually caused by free radicals especially those which are associated with heart disease and cancer. Neem seed has high potential of phytochemicals which is used as traditional medicinal. This study aimed to evaluate bioactive and phytochemical extract of Neem seed. Methods: The antimicrobial activities and bioactive compounds of Neem seed extracted with distilled water were investigated in this study. Bioactive components of Neem seed were examined by agar well diffusion method. Results: Tannins, quinones and phenols were the highest phytochemical in Neem seed bioactive extract. Anthocyanin, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides were in medium levels. Also, alkaloids and flavonoids were in low level. At the lowest concentration of bioactive (10 mg/mL), Bacillus subtilis (G+) was the best controllable compared to others. The optimum concentration of the selected pathogenic species was 55 mg/mL at which the Salmonella typhimurium (G-) was highly controllable. Staphylococcus aureus (G+), Bacillus subtilis (G+), and Escherichia coli (G-) were 40 mm, 38 mm and 34 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Tannin and phenol were the highest phytochemical concentration in the Neem seed. In general the Neem seed extract seems to be antioxidants and antimicrobials with effective control area.
Acellular carotid scaffold and evaluation the biological and biomechanical properties for tissue engineering
Authors: Rashidi Farina , Mohammadzadeh Mahdi , Abdolmaleki Arash , Asadi Asadollah , Sheikhlou Mehrdad
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The issues associated with the limitation of appropriate autologous vessels for vascular reconstruction via bypass surgery highlight the need for new alternative strategies based on tissue engineering. The present study aimed to prepare decellularized scaffolds from ovine carotid using chemical decellularization method. Methods: Ovine carotid were decellularized with Triton X-100 and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) at 37 °C. Histological analysis, biochemical tests, biomechanical assay and biocompatibility assay were used to investigate the efficacy of decellularization. Results: Decellularization method could successfully decellularize ovine carotid without leaving any cell remnants. Scaffolds showed minimal destruction of the three-dimensional structure and extracellular matrix, as well as adequate mechanical resistance and biocompatibility for cell growth and proliferation. Conclusion: Prepared acellular scaffold exhibited the necessary characteristics for clinical applications.
Evaluation of stress distribution in and around dental implants using three different implant–abutment interfaces with platform-switched and non-platform-switched abutments: A three-dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Mitra Dipika , Gurav Prachi , Rodrigues Silvia , Khobragade Bela , Mahajan Amruta
Published: March 2024

Background. A key factor for the success or failure of an implant is how the stresses are transferred to the surrounding bone. The implant‒abutment connection (IAC) is paramount for implant success. The purpose of this finite element analysis (FEA) study was to evaluate the stress distribution in and around three different implant‒abutment interfaces with platform-switched and platform-matched abutments using the finite element method (FEM). Methods. Three distinct types of IAC were selected: tri-channel internal connection, conical connection, and internal hex connection. Six models were generated, three in platform-switched and three in non-platform-switched configuration. Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Interactive Application (CATIA) V5 R20 software was used to generate virtual models of the implants and the mandible. The models were transferred to Analysis of Systems (ANSYS) 15.0 software, in which the models were meshed and underwent FEA. Results. On the crestal bone, the highest von Mises stresses in platform-switched abutments were noticed in the internal hex implant‒abutment system (370 MPa), followed by the tri-channel implant‒abutment system (190 MPa) and conical implant‒abutment system (110 MPa). On the implant and the abutment screw, the highest von Mises stresses were observed in the internal hex implant‒abutment system, followed by the conical implant abutment system and tri-channel implant‒abutment system. Platform-switched implants had a more favorable stress distribution on crestal bone. Conclusion. Within the constraints of the current study, the internal hex connection exhibited the highest stress. In contrast, the conical abutment connection with platform switching configuration had more favorable stress distribution in crestal bone than other implant abutment systems.
Effect of at-home and in-office bleaching on microleakage of class V composite resin restorations using different types of universal adhesives: An in vitro study
Authors: Abed Kahnamouei Mehdi , Kimyai Soodabeh , Katebi Katayoun , Ebrahimi Chaharom Mohammad Esmaeel , Daneshpooy Mehdi , Bahari Mahmoud , Moradi Mahshid
Published: March 2024

Background. When bleaching agents contact dental structures, they act on restorative materials and adhesive interfaces. This study investigated the effect of "at-home" and "in-office" bleaching on the microleakage of composite resin restorations performed with different universal adhesives in self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes. Methods. Class V cavities were prepared in 132 premolars. The samples were divided into four groups (n=33). All Bond Universal adhesive was used in the first and second groups, and G-Premio Bond adhesive was used in the third and fourth groups. The total-etch mode was used in the first and third groups, and the self-etch mode was used in the second and fourth groups. The samples were divided into three subgroups (n=11). In the first subgroup, home bleaching was used, and in the second subgroup, office bleaching was used. In the third subgroup, bleaching was not performed. The specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope for microleakage. Ordinal regression analysis was applied (P<0.05). Results. The adhesive type, application method, and margin type significantly affected microleakage (P<0.05). The amount of microleakage in All Bond Universal adhesive was significantly higher than in G-Premio Bond adhesive. The chance of microleakage in the self-etch mode was almost twice as high as in the etch-and-rinse mode. The bleaching method did not significantly affect microleakage (P>0.05). Conclusion. Based on the results of the microleakage test, bleaching after composite resin restorations did not significantly affect the microleakage of Class V restorations.
Soziale Konflikte
Authors: Trucco, Noemi , Senghor, Isabella , Gjeci Ana
Published: March 2024

Soziale Konflikte werden vielfach als bedrohlich wahrgenommen. Sie sind aber kein Störfall, sondern Normalität und sie tragen zur Entwicklung der Gesellschaft bei. Dies gilt auch für islambezogene Konflikte um den Moscheebau, um das Kopftuch und um Imame, die die Gesellschaft derzeit stark polarisieren. Die Autorinnen und der Autor des interdisziplinär erarbeiteten Bands veranschaulichen Konfliktdynamiken sowie islamische und christliche Ressourcen zur Konflikttransformation. In der Verknüpfung von Konfliktsoziologie und Theologie zeigen sie auf, welche Potenziale Konflikten innewohnen und wie mit ihnen konstruktiv umgegangen werden kann, damit Befreiung und Versöhnung in gesellschaftlichen Debatten Einzug halten.
Modern Possibilities of Phytotherapy of Urolithiasis
Authors: Ниткин Д.М.
Published: March 2024

В статье приведены актуальные данные о возможном применении лекарственных средств растительного происхождения в комплексном лечении пациентов с мочекаменной болезнью. Подробно рассмотрены возможные биологические эффекты экстрактов лекарственных растений на процессы камнеобразования и воспаления в мочевых путях.

The article presents current data on the possible use of herbal medicines in the complex treatment of patients with urolithiasis. The possible biological effects of medicinal plant extracts on the processes of stone formation and inflammation in the urinary tract are considered in detail.
Nutrition During Pregnancy: Myths and Facts
Authors: Ненартович И.А.
Published: March 2024

Беременность вызывает трепетные ощущения и порой растерянность по поводу необходимости изменения образа жизни, в том числе подхода к питанию, что выражается в диаметральном разбросе предложений и рекомендаций в открытых источниках информации. С одной стороны, обыватели полагают, что беременной нельзя ни в чем отказывать и есть ей следует за двоих. С другой стороны, из-за необоснованных страхов риска возможной аллергии резко урезается рацион нерациональными запретами на употребление орехов, цитрусовых, рыбы и морепродуктов, шоколада и других продуктов. Материнское ожирение, материнское недоедание и гестационный сахарный диабет ассоциированы с осложнениями беременности и негативными последствиями для здоровья детей. Беременные женщины с ожирением (с перееданием в результате избыточного потребления энергии) могут в то же время испытывать дефицит целого ряда нутриентов, обусловленный употреблением пищи с недостаточным содержанием микронутриентов. Дефицит микронутриентов и избыточная масса тела или ожирение могут накладываться друг на друга, что усиливает риск развития трансгенерационных неинфекционных заболеваний. Статья представляет собой попытку систематизации современных представлений об организации безопасного и полезного питания беременной.

Pregnancy causes trembling sensations and sometimes confusion regarding lifestyle, including approaches to nutrition, which is expressed in the diametrical scattering of proposals and recommendations in open sources of information. On the one hand, ordinary people believe that a pregnant woman should not be denied anything, and that she should eat for two. On the other hand, due to unfounded fears of the risk of possible allergies, the diet is sharply reduced by irrational bans on the consumption of nuts, citrus fruits, fish and seafood, chocolate and coffee. Maternal obesity, maternal malnutrition, and gestational diabetes mellitus are associated with pregnancy complications and negative health outcomes in children. Obese pregnant women (overeating due to excess energy intake) may at the same time be deficient in a number of nutrients due to consumption of micronutrient deficient foods. Micronutrient deficiencies and overweight or obesity may overlap, increasing the risk of developing transgenerational noncommunicable diseases. The article is an attempt to systematize modern ideas about the organization of safe and healthy nutrition for a pregnant woman.
The effectiveness of using herbicides in the nursery when growing seedlings of fruit crops
Authors:   Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Sobol V.A. , Natalchuk D.Yu. ,   Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The results of research on the effectiveness of the use of soil and contact herbicides when growing one-year seedlings in the second field of the nursery are presented. When growing apple seedlings, a positive result was obtained on average over the years of research with the application of soil pesticides Lumax and Zenkor, especially with additional application during the growing season of contact – Fusilada or Targa super. In some years, a good result was also obtained when Stomp and Devrinol were applied, while in others, the suppression of planting material was noted. Practically similar results were obtained when they were introduced in the process of growing plum seedlings. It is also worth noting Lumax, when applying which the diameter of the stem (by 2-6 mm), the height of the seedlings (by 40-60 cm) were greater than in other options with the optimal number of side branches (4-6 pcs.) and their average length (40-80 cm). Plum seedlings were depressed when Devrinol, Zenkor and Gezagard were applied, and in a separate year, Stompa and Dual Gold. In studies with cherry seedlings, they had active growth when applying soil herbicides Gezagard and Zenkor, as well as when combining the former with contact Fuzilad and Targa Super. Seedlings were significantly suppressed when applying other studied herbicides, especially Dual Gold, both alone and in combination with contact herbicides, while the number of branched seedlings decreased. Most herbicides did not have a negative effect on the biometric indicators of cherry seedlings. slight inhibition of growth and the number of side branches was noted when Stomp and Dual Gold were applied. In advance, it is possible to highlight the application of Devrinol, Zencor and Lumax separately without combining with the application of contact herbicides. Key words: seedlings, apple, plum, cherry, sweet cherry, soil herbicides, contact herbicides, biometric indicators.