bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Трансестерифікація рослинних олій бутан-1-олом у присутності гетерогенних каталізаторів
Authors: Мельник Ю.Р. , Реутський В.В. , Мельник С.Р. , Магорівська Г.Я.
Published: April 2021

Досліджено закономірності трансестерифікації тригліцеридів соняшникової та ріпакової олії бутан-1-олом у присутності катіоніту КУ-2-8 з іммобілізованими іонами металів, необробленого та обробленого розчином гідроксиду натрію. Встановлено, що тривалість обробки каталізатора розчином лугу істотно впливає на початкову швидкість реакції трансестерифікації та конверсію тригліцеридів, що досягається на 240 хв реакції. Показано, що обробка каталізатора розчином лугу протягом 90 хв дає змогу за мольного співвідношення бутан-1-ол : тригліцериди – 15 : 1 за 240 хв реакції досягнути конверсії тригліцеридів рослинних олій 80 % та вище.
Presenting Features of lschaemic Stroke Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during Hospital Admission at BIRDEM
Authors: Bhowmik Nirmalendu Bikash , Jannat Sufia , Islam Md Rashedul , Habib Rumana , Rahman Aminur , Hassan Md Zahid , Haque Md Amirul
Published: April 2021

Background & objective: Stroke is the third major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world immediately following ischemic heart disease and malignancy. Diabetes mellitus increases risk of ischemic stroke and mortality and morbidity after stroke. This cross sectional study was carried out to observe clinical profile of ischemic stroke in Type 2 diabetic patient.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Neurology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) Hospital, from April to September 2010. A total of 50 ischemic stroke patients with type-2 diabetes were consecutively recruited. Ischemic stroke was confirmed by clinical examination and CT imaging. Data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and were presented as mean ± SD and frequencies with corresponding percentages as appropriate.

Results: Of the 50 ischemic patients, over one-third (36%) was in their 6th decades of life.  A male preponderance (1.5:1) in the series. Most of the patients presented with weakness on either side of the body (90%) followed by difficulties in speech (80%), altered consciousness (24%) and facial weakness (4%). On examination 76% were conscious and oriented.  Other examination findings were hemiparesis (60%), hemiplegia (30%), dysarthria (72%) and dysphagia (4%).  The major co-morbid condition was hypertension (86%) with mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures being 153 ± 5 and 97 ± 4 mmHg respectively.  On admission 94% had normal pulse  and  40%  abnormal  fundoscopic  examination  in  the  form  of  hypertensive and diabetic retinopathy. Only 2% had carotid bruit.

Conclusion: Elderly males are more prone to develop ischemic stroke. Hemiparesis and dysarthria are the major clinical presentation and hypertension might be an important risk factor for ischemic stroke. Further study is recommended to conclusively comment on the clinical features of diabetic ischemic stroke patients and also to compare the clinical profile between diabetic stroke patients.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 14-18
Severe Coarctation of Aorta in a 24-year Old Male: A Case Report
Authors: Rahman Md Mazibur , Rashid MA , Millat MH , Siraj Nawshin , Ghafoor Nusrat
Published: April 2021

Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is a congenital vascular malformation usually diagnosed and corrected early in life but the diagnosis is missed or delayed unless there is a high index of suspicion. Long-term survival is exceptional in patients with untreated aortic coarctation. In our case report, we present a late diagnosis of aortic coarctation in a 24-year-old male who was relatively asymptomatic until he presented with progressive exertional dyspnoea, fatigue, headache and poorly controlled hypertension despite getting a combination of antihypertensive agents in his 2nd decade of life. The patient was managed by surgery of aorta. The coarcted segment was mobilized, resected totally followed by insertion of interposition tube graft of prosthetic material (PTFE) 20 mm in diameter with ligation and transfixation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). After 4-year follow-up visit, the patient is in good clinical condition.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 50-53
Knowledge of Diabetic Patients about Foot Care
Authors: Khatun Ashia
Published: April 2021

Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine the level of knowledge and practice of foot care among diabetic patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Faculty of Public Health, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka over a period of 6 months. A total of 100 patients of both sexes with type I and type II diabetes for at least six months were the study population. The level of knowledge measured on a 0-4 Likert Scale, where 0 means 'grossly dissatisfied' and 4 'highly satisfied' with 'partially satisfied' 1, 'more or less satisfied' 2, and 'satisfied' 3 in between them. First the level of knowledge was assessed for every discrete question pertaining to knowledge. Then all these scores were added together to ascertain the overall level of knowledge. Data were processed and analysed using computer software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), version 11.5.

Result: This study showed that 7% of diabetic patients were below 40 years, 23% between 40 - 50 years, 43% between 50 - 60 years and the remaining 27% 60 or > 60 years old. Female patients were predominant giving a female to male ratio of roughly 2:1. About 60% of the patients were rural residents and rest 40% urban. Over two-thirds (68%) of the patients belonged to middle class, 29% to lower class and 3% to upper class. Forty five percent of the patients were below SSC level educated, 8% SSC, 7% HSC and 13% graduate and higher level educated. Twenty seven percent of patients were illiterate. Assessment of knowledge about foot care revealed that over 8% of the respondents' knowledge about foot care was highly satisfactory, 42% satisfactory, 40% more or less satisfactory and 8% poor level of knowledge. However, practice level about foot care was inappreciably low. Over half (52%) of the respondents inspected their feet regularly, 42% washed feet with warm water, 46% trimmed toe-nails straight across, 63% measure feet before buying foot-wear and only 8% received advice from doctors before buying them.

Conclusion: The study concluded that diabetic patients are aware of their foot care. They also have good knowledge about how to take care of their feet. But they are often reluctant to translate it into practice. It is perhaps, they do not have the knowledge about the consequences if practice is lacking.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2013; 3(1&2): 27-31
Williams Syndrome presenting with Supra valvular Aortic Stenosis: A Case Report
Authors: Islam SM Shaheedul , Cader F Aaysha , Haq M Maksumul , Md Rokonujjaman - , Nasrin Sahela
Published: April 2021

Williams Syndrome is described in children presenting with Supra-valvular Aortic Stenosis (SVAS) and typical dysmorphic 'Elfin facies' with characteristic neurocognitive profile. SVAS, a congenital narrowing of the ascending aorta, occurs sporadically but can also occur as a component of Williams Syndrome, with which it shares similar genetic microdeletion of the elastin gene on chromosome 7qll.23, responsible for the vasculopathy as well as certain morphological features of the syndrome. We report the case of a 5 year old girl, who presented with chest pain and a heart murmur, along with typical 'Elfinfacies', whose investigation led to the diagnosis of SVAS presenting with Williams Syndrome.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(1): 42-47
Surprising Rise of Male Infertility
Authors: Amin Md Nurul
Published: April 2021

Abstract not available

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 5-9
Effect of Menopause on Low Density Lipoprotein
Authors: Khanam Shafeya , Reaz Nahid , Jahan Shahnaj Akter , Md Asaduzzaman Mirza , Purabi Ayesha Siddika , Hoque Naima Sharmin
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: The present study was done on postmenopausal and premenopausal women with an objective to evaluate the effect of menopause on LDL cholesterol.

Patients & Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study was done in the Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka over a period 1 year between July 2012 to June 2013. A total of 60 women who underwent natural menopause were consecutively included in the study as case, while an equal number of premenopausal women were included as control. The outcome variable was level of serum LDL cholesterol.

Result: The study demonstrated that 60% of postmenopausal women were > 50years old with mean age being 51.2 ± 2.7 years, whereas 40% of premenopausal women were in their 4th decades life with mean age being 39.1 ± 8.1 years (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of BMI with mean BMI of the former and the later groups being 24.45 ± 3.43 and 23.76 ± 3.46 kg/m2. The mean serum cholesterol was observed to be significantly higher in case group than that in the control group (212.3 ± 50.1 vs. 186.3 ± 38.2 mg/dl, p = 0.002). The LDL cholesterol was also significantly higher in the case group than that in the control group (141.47 ± 47.9 vs. 124.2 ± 31.5 mg/dl, p < 0.001). However, the groups were almost homogeneous with respect to HDL cholesterol and triglycerides (38.2 ± 5.0 vs. 37.6 ± 5.3 mg/dl, p =0.526 and 167.0 ± 67.2 vs. 181.0 ± 82.6 3 mg/dl, p = 0.311 respectively). Nearly three-quarters (73.3%) of the cases exhibited elevated serum LDL cholesterol compared to one-third (33.3%) of the controls. The risk of having raised LDL in case is more than 5(95% CI = 2.5 – 12.1) times higher than that in controls. The correlation graph between duration of menopause and serum LDL level showed that the two variables bear linear relationship (r = +0.338, p = 0.008).

Conclusion: The postmenopausal women are at increased risk of having higher LDL cholesterol than the premenopausal women and longer the duration of menopause the higher the level of LDL Cholesterol.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 32-36
Truncus Arteriosus Type 1: A Case Report
Authors: Chakma Kowshik , Siraj Nawshin , Ghafoor Nusrat , Islam SM Shaheedul
Published: April 2021

Truncus arteriosus communis (TAC) is a rare heart disorder with the prevalence of approximately 1%, mostly in male newborns with congenital heart defect (CHD). In this disease, aorta and pulmonary artery have not separated during fetal development and both originate jointly from a truncal vessel. In addition, various disorders are reported as associations of mitral and tricuspid valve defects, atrial septal defect (ASD), pulmonary hypertension, increase in heart rate and discharge syndrome.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 68-71
Ascending Aortic Aneurysm Presenting as Hoarseness of Voice: Case Report
Authors: Hasan Md Nazmul , Ahmed Md Khorshed , Rahman Md Mukhlesur , Abdullah Abu Sadique , Siddique Md Abu , Banerjee Sajal Krishna
Published: April 2021

Symptomatic thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) are rare. A 70 year-old man was admitted with hoarseness of voice for the last six months. Postero-anterior chest X-ray showed left hilar enlargement. Computerised thorax tomography (CTT) images were taken and a saccular TAA 8 cm in diameter was found. In this paper, we aimed to show that TAA should be considered as a differential diagnosis of patients with hoarseness of voice and hilar enlargement.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 61-63
Práticas adotadas pela enfermagem para a promoção do cuidado desenvolvimental dos recém-nascidos prematuros
Authors: Lima Thiago Camilo Vaz de Sousa , Morais Rita de Cássia Melão de , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Medeiros Camila Camargo , Motta Elainne
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Descrever os conhecimentos e as práticas adotadas pela equipe de enfermagem para a promoção do cuidado desenvolvimental do recém-nascido pré-termo assistido na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. Metodologia: Estudo com abordagem qualitativa. O local do estudo foi a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um Hospital público do Distrito Federal, em que participaram 12 profissionais de enfermagem, atuantes na unidade. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada entrevista semiestruturada e formulário de caracterização dos participantes. A análise dos dados foi temática. Resultados: Três unidades temáticas foram identificadas: Entendimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca do cuidado desenvolvimental; Cuidados de enfermagem na manipulação do recém-nascido pré-termo e; Influência do ambiente na evolução neurodesenvolvimental do recém-nascido pré-termo. Conclusão: Concluímos com esse estudo que a equipe de enfermagem da UTIN apresenta conhecimento sobre a promoção do desenvolvimento de recém-nascidos pré-termos dentro de uma unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal e conhecimento sobre as repercussões fisiológicas negativas, que podem afetar o RNPT, caso a assistência de enfermagem implementada não siga a filosofia do cuidado desenvolvimental.
Caracterização clínica-epidemiológica de pacientes em terapia de hemodiálise: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Chaves Marta Valeria Soares , Siqueira Hálmisson D’Árley Santos , Silva Wenderson Costa da , Pereira Thalia Jeovana da Silva , Sousa Karen Laís Azevêdo Oliveira , Barboza Laine da Costa Almeida , Vieira Leonardo Carneiro , Mourão Zuinglio Viana , Almeida Júnior Genivaldo Pereira de , Rocha Pablo Henrique Costa , Silva João Felipe Tinto , Hernandes Linccon Fricks , Anjos Deusilene dos Santos , Conceição Ludmylla Lima da
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo objetivou analisar, por meio da literatura, as evidências científicas que envolvem os aspectos clinico-epidemiológicos de pacientes submetidos a terapia de hemodiálise. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde formulou-se a seguinte questão: Quais as evidências científicas sobre a caracterização clínica epidemiológica de pacientes submetidos ao processo de hemodiálise?  Montou-se uma estratégia PICo na qual, por meio de descritores e palavras-chave foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed da National Library of Medicine; BVS (Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde), e CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature). Utilizaram-se os estudos disponíveis em sua totalidade, publicados entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Foram incluídos treze estudos nesta revisão. Os treze estudos apresentaram a caracterização clínica-epidemiológica desses pacientes, prevalecendo: sexo masculino, idade de 20-59 anos, baixa escolaridade, baixa renda, com doenças de base hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus, as queixas mais frequentes associadas a hemodiálise, foram alterações físicas, cefaleia, câimbras, náuseas, vômitos, alterações mentais e alterações nos hábitos de vida. Portanto, espera-se contribuir para o alcance de uma verificação contínua da epidemiologia desses pacientes renais crônicos, visando a detecção precoce dessa patologia, como também as devidas condutas terapêuticas para evitar o desenvolvimento da doença, buscando minimizar o sofrimento desses pacientes, com foco sempre no cuidado integral dos indivíduos e a redução de desfechos desfavoráveis.
Psicobióticos: potenciais alternativas aos ansiolíticos convencionais?
Authors: Silva Karoline Cristina Jatobá da , Brito Maria Gabryelle Jatobá Pereira de , Lima Alyne Almeida de , Viana Max Denisson Maurício
Published: April 2021

Compreendendo que nas últimas décadas os psicobióticos, uma nova classe de probióticos, direcionaram muitos pesquisadores a se concentrarem no estudo dos mesmos em relação ao seu potencial terapêutico para transtornos psíquicos, o presente estudo compilou dados da literatura científica a respeito das recentes descobertas relacionadas aos psicobióticos como uma potencial alternativa para o tratamento da ansiedade. Para tal foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura, por meio de consultas a artigos publicados nos últimos seis anos por meio das bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE e SciELO, utilizando os seguintes descritores:"Probiotics and anxiety", "Psycobiotcs and anxiety", publicados na íntegra em inglês. Totalizando 267 estudos encontrados, dos quais meramente 14 artigos foram elegíveis. A princípio foram discutidos os benefícios gerados pelos psicobióticos para a saúde mental, bem como sua importância na compreensão dos mecanismos envolvidos na relação do eixo cérebro-microbioma-intestino quanto aos transtornos psicológicos, especialmente a ansiedade. Por meio da análise dos estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos selecionados, foi possível identificar cepas de probióticos que apresentam maior potencial a candidatos psicobióticos, com ênfase no tratamento da ansiedade. De forma geral, os estudos demonstraram a eficácia dos psicobióticos, os quais foram capazes de atenuar os sintomas causados pelos quadros de ansiedade, melhorando funções do sistema nervoso central, com baixa ocorrência ou ausência de efeitos adversos. Assim, futuramente podem compor uma nova abordagem terapêutica para o tratamento dos sintomas de ansiedade e outras comorbidades psiquiátricas.
Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a meta-analysis
Authors: Maleki Azam , Bashirian Saeid , Soltanian Ali Reza , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Farhadinasab Abdollah
Published: April 2021

Background: There is evidence of a relationship between prenatal excess androgen exposure and central nervous developmental problems and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Purpose: Here we aimed to use a meta-analysis to investigate whether the offspring of mothers with PCOS are at an increased chance of developing ADHD.Methods: Three main English databases were searched for articles published through December 2020. The NewcastleOttawa Scale was used to assess study quality. Study heterogeneity was determined using I2 statistics and publication bias was assessed using Begg and Egger tests. The results are presented as odds ratio (OR) and relative ratio (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model.Results: Six articles (3 cohort and 3 case-control studies; 401,413 total ADHD cases) met the study criteria. Maternal PCOS was associated with an increased risk of ADHD in the offspring based on OR and RR (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.27–1.57) and (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.35–1.51), respectively. There was no heterogeneity among the included articles based on OR (I2=0.0%, P=0.588) and RR (I2=0.0%, P=0.878).Conclusion: Our study showed that maternal PCOS is a risk factor for ADHD. Therefore, screening their offspring for ADHD should be considered part of the comprehensive clinical care of women with PCOS.
Exposure to fluctuating temperature increases thermal sensitivity in two lineages of the intertidal mussel Perna perna
Authors: Barker C , Monaco CJ , McQuaid CD
Published: April 2021

Studies of climate change effects on individuals and populations are mostly couched in terms of lethal temperature limits, but 2 other elements make predictions difficult: the effects of sublethal stress and intraspecific variability. Sublethal stress, such as exposure to highly variable temperatures, can cause carryover effects that influence how an animal responds to subsequent events and its long-term fitness. Additionally, intra-specific genetic variability can allow more complex species responses to climate change. We used 2 genetically distinct lineages of the intertidal mussel Perna perna to investigate the effects of sublethal temperature variability and genetic identity on thermal sensitivity estimates derived from standard metabolic rate measurements. Mussels were exposed to one of 3 acclimation treatments: measurements done immediately after collection (i.e. field fresh), or exposure to 2 wk of either constant temperature or fluctuating temperatures. The mussels were then exposed to rising temperatures within the range normally experienced in the field while oxygen consumption was recorded. We found no effect of lineage or treatment on the aerobic standard metabolic rate of mussels, but Q10, a proxy for thermal sensitivity, was influenced by treatment. While Q10 values under constant temperature did not differ significantly from those for field-fresh mussels, both were significantly lower than for fluctuating temperatures. Thus, temperature variability increased thermal sensitivity, but our results indicate that this was independent of genetic identity. Chronic increased temperature variability and repeated exposure to high (but sublethal) temperatures under climate change are likely to increase mussel temperature sensitivity and decrease performance. Such alterations to fitness are expected to occur before animals are exposed to lethal temperatures.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Hamriana Hamriana Ana
Published: April 2021

Pendidikan karakter bukan merupakan hal baru dalam dunia pendidikan saat ini. Pendidikan karakter menuntut para pendidik untuk berkontribusi penuh dalam penanaman nilai-nilai karakter dalam rangka mewujudkan bangsa yang berbudaya dalam kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum 2013 di Sekolah Dasar gugus I kecamatan bontomarannu kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi karakter dalam kurikulum 2013 yang terdiri dari religius, jujur, disiplin, kerja keras, dan bertanggung jawab masih kurang dan masih perlu di evaluasi lagi. Ada faktor yang mendukung dan faktor yang menghambat terciptanya pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum 2013 yang terkikis dan dapat berubah apabila setiap komponen seperti guru, peserta didik dan masyarakat bekerja sama dengan baik.
Spontaneous and forced decay of atomic nuclei realized in two stages
Authors: Okunev Viacheslav S.
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of the work is to determine the possibility of cluster decays of superheavy atomic nuclei. The universality of the principle of similarity allows you to apply it to the analysis of not studied physical processes. Analogies are observed in forced and spontaneous decays of atomic nuclei. It is shown that in two stages, processes initiated by external influence are realized: fragmentation reactions, forced fission of stable nuclei, and impact radioactivity. Nuclear reactions of fragmentation and forced fission of stable isotopes of lead and bismuth are realized under the action of particles (hadrons) and light atomic nuclei with a kinetic energy of more than 108 eV. Shock radioactivity is observed in the collision of macroobjects having a crystalline structure at speeds of at least ∼1 km/s. Also, in two stages, some radioactive decays of atomic nuclei are realized, including extremely rare cluster decays. Based on the analogies of the processes considered, some cautious predictions are made about the possibility of cluster decays of atomic nuclei in a wide range of atomic masses.
Electrical transport properties of a carbon nanostructure obtained by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition during thermal cycling
Authors: Maximenko Alexey A. , Rajackaitė Erika , Meškinis Šarūnas , Tamulevičius Tomas , Tamulevičius Sigitas , Kharchanka Andrei A. , Fedotov Alexander K. , Fedotova Julia A.
Published: April 2021

We have investigated the structure and electrical conductivity of carbon nanographite layers grown by chemical vapor deposition, enhanced by microwave plasma (PECVD) on an setup by IPLAS Innovative Plasma Systems GmbH (Germany). The samples were grown on fused silica substrates with deposition times of 20 and 40 min, respectively. The study of the formed layers of nanographite by the method of Raman light scattering and scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the nanographite sample deposited for 20 min is covered with a large number of unconnected vertical graphene nuclei with an average size of less than 10 nm. An increase in the growth time to 40 min led to an increase in the size of the nuclei to 20 –30 nm; however, their overlap does not occur. This confirmed that the samples corresponded to the initial stages of the formation of vertical graphene in the grown nanographite layers and there is no percolative structure in them. The obtained samples were used to study the temperature dependences of the sheet electrical resistance at direct current in the range of 4 –300 K and the effect on them of the number of cycles N cooling – heating (300 K – 2 K – 300 K) in an atmosphere of gaseous helium, as well as the change in the atmosphere storage of samples (by placing them in the air after warming up to room temperature). It was found that the electrical resistance of the sample deposited for 20 min is very sensitive to two technological parameters of measurement – the number of cycles N and the change in the storage atmosphere after heating. This manifested itself in the fact that after four cooling – heating cycles and one change of the atmosphere (helium – air – helium) after warming up, the resistance increased by more than 20 %, reaching saturation. The resistance of the sample, deposited for 40 min, showed less sensitivity during thermal cycling, increasing by no more than 10 %. The effect of thermal cycling we attribute to the rearrangement of defects formed at the boundaries of grains in the nanographite layer, and in the case of a change in the atmosphere, with the passivation of dangling bonds with atmospheric gases.
Quantum phases for electric charges and electric (magnetic) dipoles: physical meaning and implication
Authors: Kholmetskii Alexander L. , Missevitch Oleg V. , Yarman Tolga
Published: April 2021

We analyse the physical meaning of quantum phase effects for point-like charges and electric (magnetic) dipoles in an electromagnetic (EM) field. At present, there are known eight effects of such a kind: four of them (the magnetic and electric Aharonov – Bohm phases for electrons, the Aharonov – Casher phase for a moving magnetic dipole and the He – McKellar – Wilkens phase for a moving electric dipole) had been disclosed in 20th century, while four new quantum phases had recently been found by our team (A. L. Kholmetskii, O. V. Missevitch, T. Yarman). In our analysis of physical meaning of these phases, we adopt that a quantum phase for a dipole represents a superposition of quantum phases for each charge, composing the dipole. In this way, we demonstrate the failure of the Schrödinger equation for a charged particle in an EM field to describe new quantum phase effects, when the standard definition of the momentum operator is used. We further show that a consistent description of quantum phase effects for moving particles is achieved under appropriate re-definition of this operator, where the canonical momentum of particle in EM field is replaced by the interactional EM field momentum. Some implications of this result are discussed.
Transport properties of lattice fluid with SALR-potential on a simple square lattice
Authors: Groda Yaroslav G. , Lasovsky Ruslan N.
Published: April 2021

The transport properties of the lattice fluid with the attraction interaction between the nearest and repulsion interaction between the next-next-nearest neighbours on the square lattice are investigated. Computer simulation by the Monte Carlo method of the diffusion process in the specified system has been realised. The jump and tracer diffusion coefficients were determined. The dependence of the diffusion coefficients versus the concentration of adparticles and the interaction parameter of the model is investigated. The activation energy of jump and tracer diffusion determined. The possibility of estimating the jump diffusion coefficient of the lattice fluid with competing interactions using the Zhdanov’s relation on the base of information on the equilibrium properties of the system and the diffusion coefficient of a Langmuir (non-interacting) lattice gas is shown. In the future, it is planned to use the obtained results to study transport processes in 3D lattice systems which is suitable for describing the processes of mass or charge transfer in the volumes of solids.
Cantonment of troops and housing service in Belarus (mid 1850s – mid 1870s)
Authors: Arlukevich Aliaksandr B.
Published: April 2021

The article reveals the essence of one of the phenomena of the era of Alexander’s reforms which on the scale of the Russian Empire was most common in Belarus but until now has not become the subject of research by Belarusian historians. According to the sources identified in the archives and book repositories of Belarus, Russia, Lithuania the military post due to the special geostrategic position of the Belarusian provinces in the mid 1850s – mid 1870s was an integral attribute of the daily life of hundreds of thousands of their inhabitants. In the present study is the first to assess the extent of involvement of the population in Belarusian provinces in support of troops of the Russian Empire housing allowance, sets out the principles and forms of army civilian infrastructure and food within the housing service, the role of local civil administration and selfgovernment in the cantonment of the troops on the ground. For the first time most of the used ones are mentioned.
Confessional conversions on the territory of Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century: overview of historiography
Authors: Karol Marharyta M.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the stages of the formation of historiography devoted to the problems of confessional conversions in the second half of the 19th century on the territory of the Belarusian provinces. The historiographic trends that formed from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century were identified and analysed. The authour studies the peculiarities of Belarusian and foreign historiography at the present stage, when a large number of works on religious issues has appeared, including confessional conversions. It is argued that in Soviet times, the issue of transitions from Catholicism to Orthodoxy was practically not touched upon. In their approaches and assessments, some researchers continue the traditions of pre-revolutionary historiography, but the majority of modern scientists strive to give an objective picture of religious processes on the Belarusian lands, to show them in the context of general state policy. The relevance of the article is due to the coverage of various points of view on the problem of confessional conversions. It is noted that pre-revolutionary researchers, first of all, sought to prove the voluntariness of conversions to Orthodoxy, but during this period, works were also created in which this thesis was questioned.
Civilisational bifurcation of the great Middle East
Authors: Mamedov Agamali K.
Published: April 2021

The main attention of the work is paid to the analysis of possible options for the civilisational development of the countries of the Middle East. Various proposals, concepts of researchers, thinkers are presented, but the main emphasis is on considering the consequences of the introduction of certain alternatives, including the experience of past centuries, as well as the possibility of using alternative solutions in modern conditions. The article discusses the idea of the uniqueness of the historical and civilisational development of the Middle East. The parameters of the search for options for social development are revealed.
Development of an Experimental Model of a Working Body With a System of Crossing Electrodes
Authors: Mamadjanov B. , Shukuraliev A.
Published: April 2021

Numerous studies have proved the high efficiency of the use of electrical methods for separating agricultural seeds during their cleaning and separation, in the study of the different quality of seeds and pre-sowing treatment, etc. The article presents the results of research on the separation of seeds on a working body. A mathematical model of the seed separation process is presented.
Simulation of Ship Trajectory in Waves Based on STAR-CCM+
Authors: Han Baochen , Chen Ning
Published: April 2021

The reliable ship motion trajectory signal provides a basis for six-degree-of-freedom test bench to simulate ship motion in waves. The characteristics of ship motion in waves were analyzed. Aiming at the problem of complex hull shape and large displacement at sea, the dynamic overlapping grid technique was used. Based on STAR-CCM+, the free surface was solved by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation method. The numerical model of ship motion in waves was established, and the DFBI (Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction) method was used to simulate the ship motion in the waves. The ship’s motion trajectory was obtained in the regular and irregular heading waves, which provides important support for the six-degree-of-freedom test bench wave simulation system.
Effect of the Number of Active Components of the Catalyst on the Yield of the Product During the Synthesis of Vinyl Acetate From Ethylene and Acetic Acid
Authors: Fayzullayev N. , Buronov F. , Musulmonov N. , Qodirov O. , Toshboyev F.
Published: April 2021

The development of active and selective catalysts for the synthesis of vinyl acetate from ethylene and acetic acid, the effect of the amount and ratio of individual components of the catalyst to control the catalytic properties of the introduced components were studied. In vinyl acetate synthesis, the effects of each component were studied to describe the effect of catalyst constituents on its properties, and empirical one-factor mathematical dependencies were obtained. Their generalized mathematical relationships of the activities of the catalysts, defined as the rates of the reactions of the formation of vinyl acetate and CO2, have been proposed. As a result of the research, a mathematical model was proposed to select the most optimal composition of the catalyst. The activity of the catalyst containing 0.4%Pd+4%Cu+7%CH3COOK/HSZ averaged 700 g VA/(l×cat×h) at 93–97% selectivity of ethylene-vinyl acetate formation.
Features of Accounting in Construction Organizations
Authors: Ablazov N.
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to the main features of the organization of accounting in construction organizations. And considered cost indicators used in them. Formation of high-quality and timely information about the financial and economic activities of a construction organization is the key goal of accounting.
Information Technologies in the Management of Secondary School
Authors: Ismailova N.
Published: April 2021

Information technology has become an integral part of modern society. The article describes the features of information processes and the use of information technologies in education management. The process of informatization and its essence the work done in education in connection with this process were also emphasized.
Use of Internet Resources in Teaching a Foreign Language
Authors: Nizamova R.
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the relevance of the use of modern Internet technologies in the teaching of foreign language and also analyzes the importance and effectiveness of the use of web technologies in the study of foreign language both in class and in the independent work of students. The author analyzes different points of view on the expediency of using information technology in the teaching of foreign language and expresses a comprehensive position on this issue, supported by illustrative examples of the positive effect of using modern technology. The author believes that using web resources, teachers greatly simplify the process of communication of students both among themselves and with native speakers, as students are able to communicate both in writing and orally through video conferences or social networks, and not only on the subject matter, but discovering situations of daily communication, as close to real-life communication as possible.
Integrated Research and History of Cities in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Zhumashova G.
Published: April 2021

The concept of “city” has had different meanings at different times and in relation to different epochs. It is usually given based on genetic-historical, formal-legal, economic-statistical, demographic, socio-economic and other criteria. Currently, the percentage of urban settlement around the world is rapidly increasing.
Applying Agronomic Principles of Rhizobial Inoculation to the Conservation of a Keystone Legume Species in a High Mountain Ecosystem on an Oceanic Island
Authors: Pulido-Suárez Laura , González-Rodríguez Águeda M. , Cubas Jonay , del Arco-Aguilar Marcelino , Martín-Esquivel José L. , León-Barrios Milagros
Published: April 2021

The Teide broom, Spartocytisus supranubius, is an endemism of the Canary Islands (Spain) and the dominant legume of the Tenerife high-mountain ecosystem in Teide National Park (N.P.). Biotic and abiotic stresses are causing a progressive deterioration and decline of the population of this keystone legume. Since its symbiosis with rhizobia is the main nitrogen (N) input into these soils, diminishing the biological nitrogen fixation could compromise the maintenance of this alpine ecosystem. Symbiotically efficient nitrogen-fixing rhizobia have been widely and successfully used as inoculants for agronomic purposes. However, only rarely has rhizobial inoculation been used for legume species conservation in natural ecosystems. In this study, we assessed three Bradyrhizobium sp. strains as inoculants for S. supranubius on seedlings grown in a greenhouse experiment and on juvenile individuals (2-years-old) transplanted on a field trial in the N.P. Plant growth as well as symbiotic and plant physiological parameters were measured to evaluate the effect of rhizobia inoculation. Our results show that broom plants responded positively to the inoculation both in the greenhouse and field trials. The SSUT18 inoculated plants had significantly higher number and weight of nodules, greater sizes (biovolume) and biomass and also showed the highest N which, being not significant in our experimental conditions, it still contributed to more N per planted hectare than control plants, which could be important for the ecosystem maintenance in these N-poor soils. Positive effects of inoculation were also detected on the plant survival rate and water content. The bradyrhizobial inoculation, by accelerating the plant growth can shorten the greenhouse period and by producing more robust juvenile plants, they could help them to cope better with stresses in its natural habitat. Therefore, inoculation with selected rhizobia is a successful strategy to be integrated into conservation campaigns for this threatened legume species.
Detection of Motor Dysfunction With Wearable Sensors in Patients With Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Disorder
Authors: Ma Lin , Liu Shu-Ying , Cen Shan-Shan , Li Yuan , Zhang Hui , Han Chao , Gu Zhu-Qin , Mao Wei , Ma Jing-Hong , Zhou Yong-Tao , Xu Er-He , Chan Piu
Published: April 2021

Patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) are at high risk for conversion to synucleinopathy and Parkinson disease (PD). This can potentially be monitored by measuring gait characteristics of iRBD patients, although quantitative data are scarce and previous studies have reported inconsistent findings. This study investigated subclinical gait changes in polysomnography-proven iRBD patients compared to healthy controls (HCs) during 3 different walking conditions using wearable motor sensors in order to determine whether gait changes can be detected in iRBD patients that could reflect early symptoms of movement disorder. A total 31 iRBD patients and 20 HCs were asked to walk in a 10-m corridor at their usual pace, their fastest pace, and a normal pace while performing an arithmetic operation (dual-task condition) for 1 min each while using a wearable gait analysis system. General gait measurements including stride length, stride velocity, stride time, gait length asymmetry, and gait variability did not differ between iRBD patients and HCs; however, the patients showed decreases in range of motion (P = 0.004) and peak angular velocity of the trunk (P = 0.001) that were significant in all 3 walking conditions. iRBD patients also had a longer step time before turning compared to HCs (P = 0.035), and the difference between groups remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, and height. The decreased trunk motion while walking and increased step time before turning observed in iRBD may be early manifestations of body rigidity and freezing of gait and are possible prodromal symptoms of PD.
LECT 2 Antagonizes FOXM1 Signaling via Inhibiting MET to Retard PDAC Progression
Authors: Li Xin , Lin Pingping , Tao Ye , Jiang Xin , Li Ting , Wang Yunshan , Wang Chenjing , Cao Yu
Published: April 2021

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers with minimally effective treatments, highlighting the importance of developing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we disclosed the mechanisms that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2) modulates PDAC development using in vitro and in vivo models. LECT2 is downregulated in metastatic PDACs compared with the primary tumor, and its expression is correlated with multiple clinical pathologic features and prognosis. The absence promotes multiple malignant behaviors, including cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion. In vivo studies showed that LECT2 overexpression inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis. Mechanistically, LECT2 inhibits FOXM1 signaling by targeting HGF/MET to retard PDAC progression, revealing LECT2 as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC in the future.
Sonic Seasoning and Other Multisensory Influences on the Coffee Drinking Experience
Authors: Spence Charles
Published: April 2021

The coffee drinking experience undoubtedly depends greatly on the quality of the coffee bean and the method of preparation. However, beyond the product-intrinsic qualities of the beverage itself, there are also a host of other product-extrinsic factors that have been shown to influence the coffee-drinking experience. This review summarizes the influence of everything from the multisensory atmosphere through to the sound of coffee preparation, and from the typeface on the coffee packaging through the drinking vessel. Furthermore, the emerging science around sonic seasoning, whereby specific pieces of music or soundscapes, either pre-composed or bespoke, are used to bring out specific aspects in the taste (e.g., sweetness or bitterness) or aroma/flavor (nutty, dark chocolate, dried fruit notes, etc.) of a coffee beverage is also discussed in depth. Relevant related research with other complex drinks such as beer and wine are also mentioned where relevant.
Atomic Scale Structure of (Ag,Cu)2ZnSnSe4 and Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se4 Kesterite Thin Films
Authors: Ritter Konrad , Gurieva Galina , Eckner Stefanie , Preiß Cora , Ritzer Maurizio , Hages Charles J. , Welter Edmund , Agrawal Rakesh , Schorr Susan , Schnohr Claudia S.
Published: April 2021

Kesterite based materials are being researched and developed as affordable, efficient, and mechanically flexible absorber materials for thin film photovoltaics. Both (Ag,Cu)2ZnSnSe4 and Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se4 based devices have shown great potential in overcoming some of the remaining challenges for further increasing the conversion efficiency of kesterite based solar cells. This study therefore investigates the long range crystallographic structure and the local atomic scale structure of technologically relevant thin films by means of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and low temperature X-ray absorption spectroscopy. As expected, the unit cell dimensions change about an order of magnitude more than the element specific average bond lengths. In case of Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se4, the thin film absorbers show a very similar behavior as Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se4 powder samples previously studied. Small amounts of residual S in the thin films were taken into account in the analysis and the results imply a preferential formation of Sn-S bonds instead of Ge-S bonds. In (Ag,Cu)2ZnSnSe4, the dependence of the Ag-Se and Cu-Se bond lengths on Ag/(Ag+Cu) might indicate an energetic advantage in the formation of certain local configurations.
Benzo(a)pyrene Enhanced Dermatophagoides Group 1 (Der f 1)-Induced TGFβ1 Signaling Activation Through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor–RhoA Axis in Asthma
Authors: Wang Eryi , Tu Wei , Do Danh C. , Xiao Xiaojun , Bhatti Shehar B. , Yang Liteng , Sun Xizhuo , Xu Damo , Yang Pingchang , Huang Shau-Ku , Gao Peisong , Liu Zhigang
Published: April 2021

We have previously demonstrated that benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) co-exposure with dermatophagoides group 1 allergen (Der f 1) can potentiate Der f 1-induced airway inflammation. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the potentiation of BaP exposure on Der f 1-induced airway inflammation in asthma. We found that BaP co-exposure potentiated Der f 1-induced TGFβ1 secretion and signaling activation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and the airways of asthma mouse model. Moreover, BaP exposure alone or co-exposure with Der f 1-induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity was determined by using an AhR-dioxin-responsive element reporter plasmid. The BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation were attenuated by either AhR antagonist CH223191 or AhR knockdown in HBECs. Furthermore, AhR knockdown led to the reduction of BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced active RhoA. Inhibition of RhoA signaling with fasudil, a RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, suppressed BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation. This was further confirmed in HBECs expressing constitutively active RhoA (RhoA-L63) or dominant-negative RhoA (RhoA-N19). Luciferase reporter assays showed prominently increased promoter activities for the AhR binding sites in the promoter region of RhoA. Inhibition of RhoA suppressed BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced airway hyper-responsiveness, Th2-associated airway inflammation, and TGFβ1 signaling activation in asthma. Our studies reveal a previously unidentified functional axis of AhR–RhoA in regulating TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation, representing a potential therapeutic target for allergic asthma.