bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les ambiances de la mort
Authors: Boukir Kamel
Published: May 2018

Résumé Lorsque les sciences sociales étudient la vengeance chez les « mecs de cité », elles l’envisagent tantôt comme un système vindicatoire tantôt comme un code d’honneur, oblitérant ce faisant ce que le sentiment vindicatif et haineux doit aux prises d’une situation. Or, avant de relever d’un commandement, la vengeance est un effroi sensoriel. Une approche phénoménologique de la vengeance permet de saisir ce que l’obligation morale doit à l’emprise d’ambiances qui sont au fondement d’une tonalité affective et éthique. Cette propagation d’ambiances se diffuse le long d’une séquence chronologique qui, par touches successives, fraye une voie à l’émergence du régime moral de l’impératif « Œil pour œil, dent pour dent ». D’abord, l’« ambiance de merde » du quartier. Ensuite, le choc de voir mourir un ami sous ses yeux. Enfin, la prise en charge séculière et religieuse du mort.
La stratégie de désinvestissement graduel des marchés financiers sécurise-t-elle réellement l’épargne ?
Authors: Direr Alexis , Yayi Éric
Published: May 2018

Cet article étudie la validité empirique du mécanisme de sécurisation de l’épargne fondé sur le désinvestissement graduel en actifs risqués. Nous comparons ce mécanisme à une politique de constance de la part investie en actifs risqués à partir des données financières de cinq pays, pour des horizons variant de 5 à 30 ans. Nous utilisons différentes définitions du risque : l’écart type du rendement cumulé final, son degré de dissymétrie, la probabilité de perte ou la prime de risque réclamée par un investisseur pour passer d’une stratégie à l’autre. Contrairement aux recommandations habituelles des conseillers financiers, nos résultats ne montrent pas d’avantages tangibles de la stratégie de désinvestissement graduel en termes de réduction du risque à l’échéance du placement. L’hypothèse jointe d’épargne progressive et d’imperfection des marchés financiers rend la politique de désinvestissement graduel préférable à celle de constance de la part risquée mais d’une marge quantitativement faible. Classification JEL : G11, D14, D91, J14.
Entrepreneurs politiques et engagement électoral
Authors: Guinaudeau Isabelle , Saurugger Sabine
Published: May 2018

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est d’expliquer pourquoi le pouvoir exécutif présidé par Nicolas Sarkozy a tenu sa promesse électorale d’accorder plus d’autonomie aux universités. Alors que les projets politiques développés successivement depuis les années 1960 avaient échoué, la loi relative aux libertés et responsabilités des universités (LRU) fut adoptée en août 2007, soit moins de deux mois après les élections législatives. Combinant des cadres conceptuels issus de la sociologie politique et de l’analyse des politiques publiques, l’article fait émerger deux facteurs essentiels de la réalisation des promesses électorales : la mobilisation d’un entrepreneur politique lorsqu’il permet de renforcer à la fois les motivations et la capacité du pouvoir exécutif à faire ce qu’il a promis.
Morir, dormir, tal vez soñar... Sobre un eco leibniziano en Diderot
Authors: Olesti Josep
Published: May 2018

El artículo aborda la cuestión de la muerte y la inmortalidad en Leibniz y en Diderot. Expone la plaisanterie diderotiana de una continuidad de la percepción tras la muerte (resultado de sostener que la sensibilidad es una propiedad general de la materia), la compara con la posición leibniziana de la perdurabilidad de las mónadas y analiza las razones que llevan a Leibniz a defender que, además de dicha perdurabilidad, ciertas mónadas (los espíritus) gozan también de inmortalidad.
Una moral de la opacidad: Hume y la virtud del ocultamiento
Authors: Santos Castro Juan Samuel
Published: May 2018

¿Existen condiciones bajo las cuales se justifique ocultar o manipular deliberadamente la expresión de nuestras opiniones, emociones o rasgos del carácter frente a otras personas? Este trabajo explora la respuesta que ofrece David Hume, mediante la discusión de lo que este autor denomina buenas maneras e impudencia. la conclusión es que, a partir de su descripción del punto de vista moral, es posible extraer dos condiciones que permiten establecer cuándo prácticas de opacidad como las buenas maneras o la impudencia son moralmente justificables o reprochables.
Professional Ethics and Democratic Citizenship: a Pragmatic Approach
Authors: Mougan Rivero Carlos
Published: May 2018

The paper understands the rise of ethical codes and professional ethics from the point of view of their contribution to the formation of a democratic citizenship. Various aspects of professional ethics are analyzed from the perspective of an agent-based ethics for which goods, norms and virtues are complementary factors for intelligence and individual judgment development. Through a conception of democracy understood as a way of life, professional ethics acquire a renewed meaning as a central element for individual self-realization and social emancipation. In short, under the label of democratic professionalism, and following Dewey’s moral and political philosophy, it is shown that professional ethics are more than a field of application, a constituent element of a civic ethic within the framework of a democratic society.
Byung-Chul Han y el problema de la transparencia
Authors: Almendros Lola S.
Published: May 2018

La normalización de la exhibición de la intimidad hace que la transparencia sea algo cotidiano en la sociedad de la información. Las prácticas sociales están llevando la idea de emancipación al ámbito tecnológico. Hay grandes e incuestionadas expectativas sociopolíticas asociadas a potentes ciberempresas. Los textos políticos de Byung-Chul Han se centran en estas temáticas. Presentan la transparencia como un dispositivo neoliberal, que no ayuda a resolver los problemas de la ciudadanía, e incluso conduce a una despolitización. Mi intención es realizar un análisis crítico de sus textos y destacar sus convergencias con otros autores dedicados a la filosofía de la tecnología.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in newborns: nutritional perspectives
Authors: Bellù Roberto , Condò Manuela
Published: May 2018

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) definition in children has changed over the years trying to facilitate clinicians, because the diagnostic process is complicated by the interpretation variability of symptoms described by children or by their caregivers for newborns and toddlers. This review refers to the Rome IV classification system, drafted in 2016. FGIDs pathophysiology is multifactorial and still poor understood, with limitations for the therapeutic process, which results often in unnecessary and alternative treatments trying to reduce the relevant caregiver distress, but with increased costs for families and for the National Health Service. This study reports the most recent evidence-based treatments for FGIDs in newborns: though in most cases the first action is an educational and behavioral intervention, reassuring caregivers about the transient and self-limiting natural history of FGIDs, there is now more evidence to recommend probiotics in some infant FGIDs.
Knowledge of cervical cancer, human papillomavirus and prevention among first-year female students in residences at the University of the Free State
Authors: Mofolo Nathaniel , Sello Maarasi , Leselo Moleboheng , Chabanku Naledi , Ndlovu Samke , Naidoo Quandry , Joubert Gina
Published: May 2018

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in South Africa. One of the major risk factors for the development of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV).Aim: To determine the knowledge of first-year female students living in residences on the main campus of the University of the Free State (UFS) regarding cervical cancer and HPV.Setting: Female residences on the main campus of UFS.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on participants between the ages of 18 and 25 years using a non-random convenience sampling method. Seven residences were included. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were distributed during the eveningmeetings to all first-year female students at the selected residences after an information session.Students had to complete the questionnaires immediately after the meeting.Results: Most of the 373 respondents (85.8%) knew that cervical cancer arises from the cervix, but only 15.4% knew that it was caused by a virus. Of the 62.5% participants who knew that HPV was a cancer-causing virus, most correctly knew that HPV was contracted by unprotected sexual intercourse (81.1%) and that there is a vaccine to protect against HPV (73.1%). However, 62.0% knew that the vaccine was available in South Africa and only 31.0% knew the vaccine was free of charge.Conclusion: The study revealed that students had limited knowledge of cervical cancer, HPVand vaccine availability.
Mental health in primary care: Integration through in-service training in a South African rural clinic
Authors: Maconick Lucy , Jenkins Louis S. , Fisher Henriette , Petrie Anthony , Boon Lynnie , Reuter Hermann
Published: May 2018

Background: Integrating mental health into primary care is a global priority. It is proposed to ‘task-share’ the screening, diagnosis and treatment of common mental disorders fromspecialists to primary care workers. Key to facilitating this is training primary care workers to deliver mental health care. Mental health training in Africa shows a predominance of short-term, externally driven training programmes. Locally, a more sustainable delivery system was needed.Aim: The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate a locally delivered, long-term, inservice training programme to facilitate mental health care in primary care.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using mixed methods. The in-service training programme was delivered in weekly 1-h sessions by local psychiatry staff to 20 primary care nurses at the clinic over 5 months. The training was evaluated using quantitative data from participant questionnaires and analysis of the referrals from primary to specialist care. Qualitative data were collected via semi-structured interviews and 14 observed training sessions.Results: The training was feasible and well received. Referrals to the mental health nurse increased in quality and participants’ self-rated competence improved. Additional benefits included the development of supervision skills of mental health nurses and providing a forum for staff to discuss service improvement. The programme acted as a vehicle to pilot integration in one clinic and identify unanticipated barriers prior to rollout.Conclusions: Long-term, in-service training, using existing local staff had benefits to the integration of mental health into primary care. This approach could be relevant to similar contexts elsewhere.
O lugar do menor direito: fronteiras e exclusão social
Authors: Cordazzo Karine , Preussler Gustavo
Published: May 2018

A ausência de amparo estatal nos municípios localizados na faixa de fronteira facilita e possibilita o processo de exclusão social. Em que pese a faixa de fronteira figurar como marco essencial para a integração regional bem como para a cooperação entre Estados, os próprios nacionais que nessas localidades se situam acabam por sofrer os drásticos impactos da exclusão social ocasionada pelo abandono estatal. Afinal, o interesse por essas localidades limita-se apenas ao âmbito econômico. Dessa forma, as injustiças sociais e materiais, conjugadas à ausência de intervenção estatal, transformam a região fronteiriça em um local completamente invisível. Por outro lado, a inovação trazida pela Lei de Migração possibilita um novo enfoque quanto ao denominado residente fronteiriço, reforçando, assim, a necessidade de valorizar a integração e o desenvolvimento das regiões fronteiriças, bem como de articular políticas públicas capazes de garantir efetivamente direitos básicos dos residentes fronteiriços.
Fuel
Authors: Scott Heidi C. M.
Published: May 2018

Fuel: An Ecocritical History is the first book to chart our changing attitudes to fuel and energy through the literature and culture of the modern era, focusing on the 18th-century to the present. Reading a wide range of writers from Blake, Austen and Dickens to Upton Sinclair and Edward Abbey, Heidi Scott explores how our move from a pre-industrial reliance on biomass and elemental energy sources to our current dependence on the fossil fuels of coal, oil and natural gas have fundamentally shaped human identity and culture. The book’s Anthropocene perspective reshapes our view of energy history and climate change, and Fuel looks forward to ways in which we can reimagine our culture away from the fossil fuel paradigm towards a more sustainable energy future driven by renewable, elemental energy.
Private Properties
Authors: Brückner Martin
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines private map spectacles as they unfolded in American homes between 1750 and 1860. Using advertisements, probate records, and personal correspondence, it shows that private consumption of large maps and maps displays grew at an astounding rate after 1750 and continued to do so well into the nineteenth century. Pursuing two lines of inquiry, the chapter first examines the history of map marketing by recovering the way in which the American marketplace of prints packaged large maps as desirable commodities and decorative objects intended for private consumption. Second, the chapter reconstructs map displays inside domestic architecture in relation to the material culture and ritual practices of everyday life. Ultimately, this chapter explores the spatial work of wall maps in private places in order to balance the previous examination of public map displays with the way in which maps became entangled in the visual culture and cultural life of the American private sphere.
Cartographic Transfers
Authors: Brückner Martin
Published: May 2018

Before maps arrived in American homes, their social life was regulated by institutional agendas set by government agencies as well as voluntary associations. But, as this chapter shows, the path that led small, ambulatory maps into the domestic lives of ordinary citizens most frequently was created and maintained by the nation’s emerging school system. After the Revolution, an educational consumer demand, spurred by the introduction of the monitorial teaching method and homework assignments in primary and secondary education, was responsible for turning plain, conventional maps into formative experiences of lasting cognitive and social consequence. Examining the synergetic relationship between “mappery,” a form of cartographic instruction, and the emerging pedagogic theory of “object teaching,” the final chapter delineates how educators established maps as a powerful social media, linking schools and homes, elementary education and adult learning, cognitive theories and communal socialization, including the creation of a map-based national imagination.
The Wolf Is Really upon Us Now
Authors: Robinson Michael D.
Published: May 2018

This chapter probes the presidential contest of 1860 between four major candidates: Democrat Stephen Douglas; Southern Democrat John C. Breckinridge; Republican Abraham Lincoln; and Constitutional Unionist John Bell. The chapter demonstrates that in spite of the political polarization within the nation and the ill-effects of John Brown’s raid, the moderate, middle ground political outlook of most white border southerners remarkably endured. The chapter contains a close inspection of each major party’s political activity within the Border South in the months before the election of 1860. It also includes a close analysis of the election results in both the presidential election and the 1860 Missouri gubernatorial election to demonstrate the staying power of the Border South’s moderate political notion.
What Ought Patriots to Do?
Authors: Robinson Michael D.
Published: May 2018

This chapter explains the development of the Unionist Offensive, which was an effort by Border South moderates to sustain the region’s pro-Union mind-set in the weeks after the election of Republican Abraham Lincoln. Although the election of 1860 had proven that many white border southerners continued to espouse a preference for moderate politics, Unionists rightfully worried that pro-secession sentiment would spread rapidly in the region, especially after many Lower South states called conventions to consider secession. Led by Kentucky Senator John Jordan Crittenden, the Unionist Offensive was a full-fledged political campaign aimed at beating back disunionists. It included pro-Union political rallies, newspaper editorials, and stump speaking. The centrepiece of the Unionist Offensive was the argument that slavery was best protected within the Union and that secession greatly endangered slavery. The chapter focuses on Crittenden’s efforts to craft a compromise package in the U.S. Senate which would allay the fears of white border southerners about the safety of slavery now that Republicans were poised to take over the federal government.
Every Day’s Delay Weakens the Secessionists and Strengthens the Union
Authors: Robinson Michael D.
Published: May 2018

This chapter covers the last half of 1861 and demonstrates how Unionists within the Border South managed to defeat the secessionists within their midst. This chapter emphasizes the movement away from neutrality in each of the Border South states and the forces that tilted the balance towards Unionism. A major factor contributing to the defeat of secession in the Border South was the increased presence of the Union army. In Maryland, Missouri, and eventually in Kentucky, federal troops were used to keep Border South secessionists in check. This chapter also chronicles how Unionists overcame John C. Frémont’s emancipation proclamation, which he announced in August 1861. By the end of 1861, all of the Border South states had abandoned neutrality and cast their lot with the United States. Internal divisions continued, but the secession movement had been defeated in the Border South.
History Comes Alive
Authors: Rymsza-Pawlowska M. J.
Published: May 2018

Activists, like everyone else, were interested in history in the 1970s, using the past in the formation and reformation of individual and collective identity. But strategies different across groups: while the People’s Bicentennial Commission urged Americans to identify with the historic revolutionaries, African American culture workers used the Bicentennial as an opportunity to call for inclusion in the “national narrative” through the collection and dissemination of objects and stories. More radical groups, like the American Indian Movement, the Black Panther Party, and other members of the Bicentennial Without Colonies movement saw the commemoration as a way to call attention to ongoing inequalities.
The Message
Authors: Ahmad Irfan
Published: May 2018

This chapter presents an anthropological account of the key ideas of Maududi, the founder of Jamaat-e-Islami. It first de-reifies the hegemonic portrayals of Maududi as a “fundamentalist” to see him instead as a political thinker. Central to his exposition on Islam were the use of reason, critique, and ijtihād as opposed to taqlīd. It dwells on Maududi’s educational thoughts and evaluation of past scholars—‘Omar bin Abdul Aziz, Imam Ghazali, Ibn Taymiyyah, Shayḳh Ahmad Sirhindi, and Shah Valiullah and his successors. The final section outlines Maududi’s thoughts about cosmology, human nature, and civilization to locate the objective behind the formation of Jamaat. It addresses issues such as the meanings of Allah, the message of the Qurʾān, monotheism, prophecy, jāhiliyat (ignorance), and so on. It also discusses Maududi’s citations from the New Testament and references to Christ’s life to argue how Muhammad’s message and his life resembled earlier prophets, including Jesus. Maududi held that his call for a polity resting on divine sovereignty echoed the teachings of prophets preceding Muhammad. Maududi’s invoking of God’s sovereignty was similar to that of the Protestant politician-thinker Abraham Kuyper in Holland, Catholics in Australia, as well as Bellah’s notion of civil religion.
Epilogue
Authors: Ahmad Irfan
Published: May 2018

The Epilogue offers a preliminary outline of a theory of critique. Engaging with Abdolkarim Soroush's theory of contraction and expansion (qabz v bast) in knowledge, it addresses the following questions. Is critique simply an intellectual-epistemological exercise? Or, are there extraintellectual factors—anthropological, political, generational, technological, and so on? When and how does the boundary between external and internal, permissible and undesirable, become sharp or porous? What roles do commoners and their practices have in shaping that boundary? The basic contention foregrounded here is that a more plausible theory of critique and change can't be only intellectual-epistemological; it should also account for mundane social-cultural practices, shaped by as well as shaping the political. To demonstrate this contention, the Epilogue sheds light on past and contemporary discussions about the permissibility of images and statues of living beings among ʿulema.
Old and Sick in America
Authors: Gillick Muriel R.
Published: May 2018

Since the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965, the American health care system has grown in size and complexity. Muriel R. Gillick takes readers on a narrative tour of American health care, incorporating the stories of older patients as they travel from the doctor’s office to the skilled nursing facility, and examining the influence of forces as diverse as pharmaceutical corporations, device manufacturers, and health insurance companies on their experience. A scholar who has practiced medicine for over thirty years, Gillick offers readers an informed and straightforward view of health care from the ground up, revealing that many crucial medical decisions are based not on what is best for the patient but rather on outside forces, sometimes to the detriment of patient health and quality of life. Gillick suggests a broadly imagined patient-centered reform of the health care system with Medicare as the engine of change, a transformation that would be mediated through accountability, cost-effectiveness, and culture change.
Chocolate City
Authors: Asch Chris Myers , Musgrove George Derek
Published: May 2018

Monumental in scope and vividly detailed, Chocolate City tells the tumultuous, four-century story of race and democracy in our nation’s capital. Emblematic of the ongoing tensions between America’s expansive democratic promises and its enduring racial realities, Washington often has served as a national battleground for contentious issues, including slavery, segregation, civil rights, the drug war, and gentrification. But D.C. is more than just a seat of government, and authors Chris Myers Asch and George Derek Musgrove also highlight the city’s rich history of local activism as Washingtonians of all races have struggled to make their voices heard in an undemocratic city where residents lack full political rights. Tracing D.C.’s massive transformations--from a sparsely inhabited plantation society into a diverse metropolis, from a center of the slave trade to the nation’s first black-majority city, from “Chocolate City” to “Latte City”--Asch and Musgrove offer an engaging narrative peppered with unforgettable characters, a history of deep racial division but also one of hope, resilience, and interracial cooperation.
Is it feasible to estimate radiosonde biases from interlaced measurements?
Authors: Kremser Stefanie , Tradowsky Jordis S. , Rust Henning W. , Bodeker Greg E.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Upper-air measurements of essential climate variables (ECVs), such as
temperature, are crucial for climate monitoring and climate change detection.
Because of the internal variability of the climate system, many decades of
measurements are typically required to robustly detect any trend in the
climate data record. It is imperative for the records to be temporally
homogeneous over many decades to confidently estimate any trend.
Historically, records of upper-air measurements were primarily made for
short-term weather forecasts and as such are seldom suitable for studying
long-term climate change as they lack the required continuity and
homogeneity. Recognizing this, the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS)
Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) has been established to provide
reference-quality measurements of climate variables, such as temperature,
pressure, and humidity, together with well-characterized and traceable
estimates of the measurement uncertainty. To ensure that GRUAN data products
are suitable to detect climate change, a scientifically robust instrument
replacement strategy must always be adopted whenever there is a change in
instrumentation. By fully characterizing any systematic differences between
the old and new measurement system a temporally homogeneous data series can
be created. One strategy is to operate both the old and new instruments in
tandem for some overlap period to characterize any inter-instrument biases.
However, this strategy can be prohibitively expensive at measurement sites
operated by national weather services or research institutes. An alternative
strategy that has been proposed is to alternate between the old and new
instruments, so-called interlacing, and then statistically derive the
systematic biases between the two instruments. Here we investigate the
feasibility of such an approach specifically for radiosondes, i.e. flying the
old and new instruments on alternating days. Synthetic data sets are used to
explore the applicability of this statistical approach to radiosonde change
management.
Combining cloud radar and radar wind profiler for a value added estimate of vertical air motion and particle terminal velocity within clouds
Authors: Radenz Martin , Bühl Johannes , Lehmann Volker , Görsdorf Ulrich , Leinweber Ronny
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Vertical-stare observations from a 482 MHz radar wind profiler and a 35 GHz cloud radar are combined on the level of individual Doppler spectra to measure vertical air motions in clear air, clouds and precipitation. For this purpose, a separation algorithm is proposed to remove the influence of falling particles from the wind profiler Doppler spectra and to calculate the terminal fall velocity of hydrometeors. The remaining error of both vertical air motion and terminal fall velocity is estimated to be better than 0.1 m s−1 using numerical simulations. This combination of both instruments allows direct measurements of in-cloud vertical air velocity and particle terminal fall velocity by means of ground-based remote sensing. The possibility of providing a profile every 10 s with a height resolution of
Extrapolating regional probability of drying of headwater streams using discrete observations and gauging networks
Authors: Beaufort Aurélien , Lamouroux Nicolas , Pella Hervé , Datry Thibault , Sauquet Eric
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Headwater streams represent a substantial proportion of river systems and many of them have intermittent flows due to their upstream position in the network. These intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams have recently seen a marked increase in interest, especially to assess the impact of drying on aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this paper is to quantify how discrete (in space and time) field observations of flow intermittence help to extrapolate over time the daily probability of drying (defined at the regional scale). Two empirical models based on linear or logistic regressions have been developed to predict the daily probability of intermittence at the regional scale across France. Explanatory variables were derived from available daily discharge and groundwater-level data of a dense gauging/piezometer network, and models were calibrated using discrete series of field observations of flow intermittence. The robustness of the models was tested using an independent, dense regional dataset of intermittence observations and observations of the year 2017 excluded from the calibration. The resulting models were used to extrapolate the daily regional probability of drying in France: (i) over the period 2011–2017 to identify the regions most affected by flow intermittence; (ii) over the period 1989–2017, using a reduced input dataset, to analyse temporal variability of flow intermittence at the national level. The two empirical regression models performed equally well between 2011 and 2017. The accuracy of predictions depended on the number of continuous gauging/piezometer stations and intermittence observations available to calibrate the regressions. Regions with the highest performance were located in sedimentary plains, where the monitoring network was dense and where the regional probability of drying was the highest. Conversely, the worst performances were obtained in mountainous regions. Finally, temporal projections (1989–2016) suggested the highest probabilities of intermittence (> 35 %) in 1989–1991, 2003 and 2005. A high density of intermittence observations improved the information provided by gauging stations and piezometers to extrapolate the temporal variability of intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams.
Archival processes of the water stable isotope signal in East Antarctic ice cores
Authors: Casado Mathieu , Landais Amaelle , Picard Ghislain , Münch Thomas , Laepple Thomas , Stenni Barbara , Dreossi Giuliano , Ekaykin Alexey , Arnaud Laurent , Genthon Christophe , Touzeau Alexandra , Masson-Delmotte Valerie , Jouzel Jean
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The oldest ice core records are obtained from the East Antarctic
Plateau. Water isotopes are key proxies to reconstructing past climatic
conditions over the ice sheet and at the evaporation source. The accuracy of
climate reconstructions depends on knowledge of all processes affecting water
vapour, precipitation and snow isotopic compositions. Fractionation processes
are well understood and can be integrated in trajectory-based Rayleigh
distillation and isotope-enabled climate models. However, a quantitative
understanding of processes potentially altering snow isotopic composition
after deposition is still missing. In low-accumulation sites, such as those
found in East Antarctica, these poorly constrained processes are likely to
play a significant role and limit the interpretability of an ice core's
isotopic composition. By combining observations of isotopic composition in vapour, precipitation,
surface snow and buried snow from Dome C, a deep ice core site on the East
Antarctic Plateau, we found indications of a seasonal impact of
metamorphism on the surface snow isotopic signal when compared to the initial
precipitation. Particularly in summer, exchanges of water molecules between
vapour and snow are driven by the diurnal sublimation–condensation cycles.
Overall, we observe in between precipitation events modification of the
surface snow isotopic composition. Using high-resolution water isotopic
composition profiles from snow pits at five Antarctic sites with different
accumulation rates, we identified common patterns which cannot be attributed
to the seasonal variability of precipitation. These differences in the
precipitation, surface snow and buried snow isotopic composition provide
evidence of post-deposition processes affecting ice core records in low-accumulation areas.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of invasive Acacia longifolia in Portugal
Authors: Vicente Sara , Máguas Cristina , Trindade Helena
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Acacia longifolia is an aggressive invader worldwide. This
species was brought to Portugal by the forestry services and is now
found throughout the country with very strong ecological and social
impacts. Although several ecological and physiological studies have
been carried out, molecular studies in this species are
sparse. Particularly, genetic variability evaluation in invasive
ranges clearly deserves more attention. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the genetic diversity and the genetic differentiation among
populations of the alien invasive A. longifolia under
different Mediterranean conditions. For that we studied three sandy
dune populations along the Portuguese coast: Osso da Baleia
(mesomediterranean), Pinheiro da Cruz and Vila Nova de Milfontes
(termomediterranean). All sampled acacia plants were located
underneath a pine forest, with the exception of the latter case
study, where we also sampled in a diversified habitat conditions
associated with the margins of agriculture fields. According to the
historical records, it was also possible to compare acacia samples
from original plantations and recently invaded areas. We have used
two molecular markers – inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and
microsatellites (SSR). ISSR analysis showed that
A. longifolia populations at all sampled locations have
similar levels of diversity and a relatively low differentiation
(ΦPT=0.135). However, samples tended to cluster
according to the regional (macro-scale) collection
site. Microsatellites confirmed this low differentiation
pattern. Our results indicate that differences in phenology and
reproductive success observed during a previous study cannot be
accounted for by genetic diversity and differentiation
alone. Furthermore, our results taken together with historical
information of A. longifolia suggest a single original
introduction and a subsequent acclimation process.
PRÁTICAS DE CIDADANIA NO ALVORECER REPUBLICANO BRASILEIRO: PROCESSO DE ABOLIÇÃO E A ATUAÇÃO DE COELHO NETTO
Authors: Oliveira Igor Fernandes Viana de , Rocha Luiz Guilherme Burlamaqui Soares Porto , Pinheiro Pedro Portocarrero
Published: May 2018

O presente trabalho busca explorar algumas disputas e dimensões assumidas pela cidadania a partir conjuntura histórica que culminou na consolidação do regime republicano no Brasil. Ressaltando questões apontadas pela historiografia, abordamos, mais especificamente, a abolição do trabalho escravo e a intervenção do literato Coelho Netto no debate acerca da nacionalidade. O processo de superação do escravismo atingia as estratégias e diferenciações sociais mobilizadas pelos atores, deslocando as disputas em torno dos significados da liberdade. Por outro lado, com a relativa ampliação e transformação do espaço público, o nexo intelectuais/povo passou a assumir característica diversa.
DANTE ALIGHIERI: A MONARQUIA UNIVERSAL E A "FELICITA MENTALE"
Authors: Paizani Gabriel Ferreira de Almeida
Published: May 2018

Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) nasceu numa Florença fragmentada e caracterizada pelo constante conflito entre facções politicas. Envolveu-se ativamente na vida política e, devido ao seu engajamento, foi exilado. Os conflitos entre o poder temporal e espiritual, especialmente entre Filipe IV e Bonifácio VIII, em conjunto com a passagem de Henrique VII pela Itália, criaram condições para a construção do tratado político De Monarchia (1312-1313). Dante Alighieri foi influenciado pela inserção do pensamento aristotélico no Ocidente e apropriou-se deste "novo" conjunto teórico para argumentar em favor da Monarquia Universal, no entanto, mesmo que nítida a importância dedicada à defesa do papel político do sujeito, sustentou também a virtude da nobreza intelectual, caracterizada pela contemplação filosófica.
LONDRINA: UMA QUESTÃO SOCIAL, ECONÔMICA E DE GÊNERO NAS DÉCADAS DE 1950 E 1960
Authors: Batista Valéria Silva , Cunha Vanessa Lima
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo visa compreender as condições sociais e econômicas na cidade de Londrina, através de autos criminais de sedução nas quais a vítima, no caso a mulher pobre, recorre à justiça para reparação da violência sofrida e acaba se tornando a ré. Durante o desenvolver deste trabalho foram computados dados importantes, dos quais se resulta grande número de abusos contra a mulher tanto dentro de casa quanto fora desta. Poderemos observar com as informações levantadas o grande dilema que estas enfrentaram para defenderem sua "honra" e virtude, mesmo que, isso faça com que sejam "mal" interpretadas na sociedade da segunda metade do século XX.
Costumes e Justiça: a interpretação da norma no cabildo de Corrientes - 1588 a 1646
Authors: Martins Liz Araujo
Published: May 2018

Esse texto foi desenvolvido pelo resultado de um projeto de pesquisa, financiado pela FAPESP. A proposta do projeto era ler e analisar as Actas Capitulares da cidade de Corrientes (1588 a 1646). A análise se fez com o propósito de investigar as leis e sua aplicação nesta cidade, tomando como hipótese as reflexões desenvolvidas pelo professor Rafael Ruiz2, em seu projeto “Direitos e Justiça nas Américas”. Tais reflexões consistem na idéia de que as leis na América Ibérica do século XVII eram heterogêneas e flexíveis, estavam sujeitas a daptações, a especificidades circunstanciais e a demandas locais.
REPRESENTAÇÕES DA SOCIEDADE BOLIVIANA EM SOLEDAD, DE BARTOLOMÉ MITRE
Authors: Troncozo Mayra Vanessa Villca
Published: May 2018

Soledad foi escrita pelo argentino Bartolomé Mitre (1821- 1906) durante sua curta passagem pela Bolívia, entre 1846 e 1847. O romance apresenta uma clara dicotomia entre as representações da sociedade colonial e da nova sociedade independente. Neste artigo analisaremos essas representações criadas pelo autor para referir-se ao passado colonial e aos primeiros anos de história independente da Bolívia. Procuraremos demonstrar como Mitre, ao escrever Soledad, estava se posicionando politicamente e legitimando o projeto político do presidente José Ballivián.
TRAJETÓRIA DE UM PATRÍCIO: CONHECENDO RIZKALLAH JORGE TAHAN E A CONSTRUÇÃO DE SEU PODER SIMBÓLICO
Authors: Geraissati Renata
Published: May 2018

O artigo pretende reconstruir a trajetória de um expoente imigrante sírio-libanês com ascendência armênia Rizkallah Jorge Tahan (1868-1949), tendo como foco a construção de seu poder simbólico dentro das comunidades que frequentou na cidade de São Paulo. Ao desembarcar no porto de Santos em 1895 fugiu da trajetória da maioria dos imigrantes desta nacionalidade que se tornavam mascates ao chegarem no Brasil. Rizkallah trabalhou com a fundição de cobre, algo que já fazia em sua terra natal. Após três anos na capital paulista inaugurou a Casa da Boia, balcão comercial baseado no comércio de elementos como “a boia sanitária”– o que permitiu seu enriquecimento e, o consequente investimento em uma série de obras nos centros “velho” e “novo” de São Paulo.
GÊNERO, MASCULINIDADES E ALCOOLISMO: BRASIL NO INÍCIO DO SÉCULO XX
Authors: Savian Zulemar Augusta Girotto
Published: May 2018

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar, em uma perspectiva das relações de gênero, os discursos masculinos vinculados ao consumo de álcool no Brasil, no inicio do século XX. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica e da análise de propagandas de cerveja da época, busca-se compreender a relação entre a definição de masculinidade e o consumo de bebida alcoólica, e como foi possível a emergência das cervejarias brasileiras em um momento em que o consumo alcoólico passava a ser considerado um problema social e de saúde pública, sob o controle do Estado e do saber médico. O intenso debate sobre a questão do consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas, posto naquele momento, fez com que os fabricantes de cerveja investissem em um novo significado de consumo, distante daquele condenado, na busca do consumidor, em particular, o masculino, das classes mais abastadas. As imagens projetadas nas propagandas estabelecem um perfil idealizado de masculinidade vinculado à elite do sudeste brasileiro, distinto daquele relacionado às classes mais pobres urbanas e vinculado a problemas sociais.
CONSCIÊNCIA HISTÓRICA CRÍTICA E ARQUEOLOGIA CLÁSSICA NA ESCOLA: PENSANDO ABORDAGENS A PARTIR DE NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE O IMPÉRIO ROMANO
Authors: Neiva de Lima Jéssica Louise , Bastos Felipe Barradas Correia Castro
Published: May 2018

Resumo: Proporemos, neste artigo, pensar de que maneira a interdisciplinaridade entre Arqueologia e História pode propiciar conhecimentos que reflitam sobre a pluralidade do passado romano. A partir do estabelecimento de diálogos entre a academia e a escola, o objetivo deste artigo é defender o potencial desse saber arqueológico para que os alunos possam compreender a diversidade de sujeitos, relações e culturas de maneira mais temporalizada e multifacetada, tendo em vista a relação entre o passado e presente. Pretendemos refletir sobre a possibilidade de inserir os estudos recentes sobre a cultura material do início do principado romano, no século I d.C., nas salas de aula, aliando o referencial teórico de Jörn Rüsen referente à “consciência histórica crítica” à proposta da Arqueologia Pública de estabelecer relações mais profícuas e menos hierarquizadas entre o conhecimento acadêmico e as escolas.
AS APROPRIAÇÕES CULTURAIS DA RAINHA CLEÓPATRA VII NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DO FILME CLEÓPATRA, DE 1963
Authors: Oliveira Bárbara
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo visa abranger alguns aspectos do estudo de gênero, inseridos dentro do campo historiográfico da história cultural, abordando o tema da egiptomania e da história do cinema, relacionando os aspectos referentes às produções cinematográficas que remetam a Rainha egípcia Cleópatra VII. Pretende-se trabalhar também com a inserção das mulheres no cinema, a partir do filme Cleópatra, de Joseph Mankiewicz, tratando questões como erotismo e sexualidade da personagem de Elizabeth Taylor.
RISO E REGENERAÇÃO: O MEDIEVO DO SÉCULO XIV ATRAVÉS DO ESCRITO LITERÁRIO DE GIOVANNI BOCCACCIO
Authors: Zattera Amanda Cristina
Published: May 2018

No presente artigo realizamos uma análise sobre uma importante obra literária do período tardo-medieval: Decamerão de Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375). Escrita na Florença do século XIV, ela apresenta, no teor de suas narrativas, resquícios de um contexto marcado pela ideia da Morte, tendo em vista as terríveis circunstâncias e consequências nefastas que a Peste Negra, desde 1347, havia trazido para a região europeia. Propomos então observar o otimismo e o riso como uma das formas de agir perante uma realidade de cotidianidade da morte.
OS ROAD MOVIES NA PRODUÇÃO CINEMATOGRÁFICA DOS EUA: O CASO DO FILME AS VINHAS DA IRA (1940)
Authors: Melo Flávia Da Rosa
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo visa propor uma análise fílmica em relação com a história, inserida dentro do campo historiográfico da história cultural, abordando o tema da formação do gênero cinematográfico road movie e da história dos Estados Unidos da América na década de 1930 e início de 1940. A partir da análise de caso de As Vinhas da Ira, pretende-se analisar o significado da mobilidade, do automóvel e da viagem neste filme e a relação destes elementos com o proposto período histórico.
WAKING LIFE E A MODERNIDADE LÍQUIDA
Authors: Wasak Aline Isabel , Moraes Anne Caroline de Rocha de , Oliveira Maybel Sulamita de , Martins Paula Marinelli
Published: May 2018

Este artigo visa analisar o filme Waking Life, produzido nos Estados Unidos em 2001, como expressão de seu contexto social. A análise da conjuntura é dada a partir do conceito de Modernidade Líquida forjado pelo filósofo Zygmunt Bauman, conceito que faz referência ao período posterior a Segunda Guerra Mundial, onde ocorre a crise da ideia de Progresso e Civilização, que se estende até os dias atuais. A análise do filme como fonte histórica busca compreender como este expõe os questionamentos e contradições da sociedade em que ele foi produzido e consumido, revelando elementos que Bauman expõe em suatese.
CALVEIRO, Pilar. Poder e desaparecimento: os campos de concentração na Argentina. tradução Fernando Correa Prado. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2013, 151 p.
Authors: Ehrlich Michel
Published: May 2018

Resenha de CALVEIRO, Pilar. Poder e desaparecimento: os campos de concentração na Argentina. tradução Fernando Correa Prado. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2013, 151 p.
AS RÓTULAS MACHADIANAS: HABITAÇÃO POPULAR, ESTRANGEIRISMO E MODERNIZAÇÃO NO RIO DE JANEIRO DA SEGUNDA METADE DO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Granzoto Junior Elson , Britto Michelle Carolina de , Nogueira Patrícia Moreira , Lanzellotti Tuanny Folieni Antunes
Published: May 2018

Partindo da literatura machadiana, o presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre o processo de urbanização e modernização da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, entre as últimas décadas do século XIX e início do século XX. Ambientadas na capital carioca, as obras de Machado de Assis aqui recortadas – focadas em contos, crônicas e romances – ecoavam uma cidade que aos olhos do escritor era mais humana e que transparecia como “um pano de fundo onipresente”. A análise desses escritos possibilitou, assim, a compreensão das novas acepções do modo de morar, das transformações ocorridas nas relações sociais e no espaço urbano que estava se constituindo e, ainda, do posicionamento crítico de Assis diante da política urbana do período. Como intencionamos apontar, a crítica machadiana se caracterizava por um saudosismo ao tempo do Imperador que possibilita ao leitor um contato com a cidade por meio de rótulas que escondiam, ou mesmo, não deixavam enxergar as mudanças de seu entorno.
DISCIPLINA CORPORAL E A VIRTUDE DA CARIDADE: A CONDIÇÃO DAS VIÚVAS SEGUNDO AMBRÓSIO DE MILÃO.
Authors: Sathler Dias Larissa Rodrigues
Published: May 2018

Neste artigo, nos propusemos a analisar o discurso proferido pelo bispo Ambrósio de Milão, em sua obra intitulada "Sobre as Viúvas", com intuito de contextualizar socialmente esse gênero de vida próprio das comunidades cristãs do século IV. Para tal, compreende-se que tanto o ascetismo como a prática caritativa recebeu, nessa literatura, um contorno peculiar, pois são tidos como atividades essenciais para a construção da representação das viúvas cristãs na Antiguidade Tardia, ao mesmo tempo em que oportunizou uma autêntica ascensão feminina na hierarquia da Igreja. Nesse sentido, nosso objetivo foi analisar uma série de normas comportamentais, principalmente as que dizem respeito à abstinência sexual e a execução das boas obras, que permitiram ao episcopado moldar a conduta das viúvas. Aqui a construção desse corpo disciplinado para a santificação é constituída sob um paradoxo, uma vez que, ao ser colocado em evidência, expõe a diferença de gênero no Baixo Império Romano.
ESPAÇOS INVISÍVEIS: ARTE E ARQUITETURA NA CIDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Junqueira ribeiro pinto Julia
Published: May 2018

Arte e arquitetura partilham questões comuns dentro do campo ampliado da cultura, visando a compreensão do mundo contemporâneo, no qual a cidade genérica, regida por produções imateriais de valor, é expoente. Parte necessária à manutenção deste sistema são os espaços residuais, por exemplo aqueles comumente gerados em renovações urbanas especulativas. É tamanha a dificuldade de se lidar com eles, são espaços ignorados, quase invisíveis. Porém, nesses lugares onde o tecido da cidade afrouxa – a densidade diminui, assim como os fluxos –, ficam evidentes os valores, dinâmicas e fraquezas contemporâneas. Daí a potência de intervenções que chamam a atenção para esses locais. Assim, o presente trabalho analisa e compara práticas recentes no contexto brasileiro de três artistas-arquitetos – Lotes Vagos, de Louise Ganz; Vazadores e Calçada, de Rubens Mano; e Amnésias Topográficas I, Amnésias Topográficas II e Espaços Públicos Invisíveis, de Carlos Teixeira – para entender como eles lidam com a realidade espacial desse mundo capitalizado e fragmentado e ao mesmo tempo dinâmico e virtualizado.