bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sühreverdî’nin İrfanî Risâlelerinde Misâl Âlemi Sembolü
Authors: ARSLAN MEÇİN Buşra
Published: June 2022

Sühreverdî’nin daha çok Farsça olarak kaleme aldığı irfânî risâleleri, rûhânî âlemin sınırsız özgürlükler alanından, maddî âlemin hapishanesi ve beden kafesine esir düşen insanoğlunun hakikat arayışını konu edinmektedir. Bu risâlelerde anlatılan hadiseler sembolik hikâyelerdir ve bu hikâyelerde yaşanılanlar misâl âlemine çıkan sâlikin başından geçen hakikatlerin ifadeleridir. Bu nedenle bu semboller, aslî vatanından koparıldığı için bellek yitimine maruz kalan ve böylece gaflete düşen insanoğlunun hakikî özünü arayıp bulmada kilit rol oynamaktadır. Bu hikâyeleri bilmek ve anlamak için misâl âlemini ve o âlemin içinde bulunduğu mertebeyi bilmek gerekir. Ancak bu mertebe, aklî ve felsefî burhanla değil kalbî ve zevkî mârifetle bilinebilir. Bu çalışmada amaç, Sühreverdî’nin, hissedilir âlemden misâl âlemine ve misâl âleminden akıllar âlemine tırmanan içsel ve rûhânî seferlerini remzettiği irfânî risâlelerindeki sembolizmi misâl âlemi çerçevesinde yorumlamaktır. Bu çalışmayla duyusal âlemdeki albenilerin cazibelerine kapılan ve bellek yitimine uğrayan sürgün diyarındaki insanın yaşadığı trajik yabancılaşmaya dikkat çekmek ve anavatanı hatırlatmak sûretiyle derin gafletten kurtuluşuna perde aralama yolunda küçük bir çaba olması hedeflenmektedir.
Identifying promising anticancer Sulforaphane derivatives using QSAR, Docking, and ADME studies
Authors: Heda Prachi , Ravishankar Sahana , Shankar Aditi , Chaganti Shrimayi , Rajan Dishita , Parekh Riya , Renganathan Gayathri
Published: June 2022

In cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, sulfur-rich isothiocyanates, most notably sulforaphane (SFN), has shown anti-cancer properties, including cell cycle regulation, inducing apoptosis, and metastasis. Sulforaphane is a natural antioxidant that regulates several signal transduction pathways controlling oxidative stress, cellular defense, and cardiovascular disease. This paper attempts to elucidate the most drug-like SFN derivative through computational methods, including molecular docking, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR), and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis. From our studies, we can conclude that phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) has the most therapeutic potential out of a small set of 7 SFN derivatives. It is a confirmed lead-like compound by testing QSAR descriptors, notably the Dragon consensus drug-like score and lead-like score 2. PEITC also proves to be the most bioavailable derivative, as it is predicted to have high gastrointestinal absorption (GIA) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. In addition, it is in the optimal range for 5 out of 6 bioavailability properties proposed by the Abbot Bioavailability Score1.  Lastly, from docking studies, PEITC had the highest average binding affinity overall, meaning that it holds a vital role in cancer prevention through molecular mechanisms.
İran ve Suudi Arabistan Dış Politikasında Enerjinin Etkisi
Authors: ŞEKER Şevket
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma İran ve Suudi Arabistan’ın enerji politikalarını ve sahip oldukları hidrokarbür kaynaklarının iç ve dış politikalarına etkisiyle iki ülke ilişkilerinde enerjinin yerini tartışmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, her iki ülkede hidrokarbür rezervlerinin keşfinden sonra enerjinin ilgili ülkeleri ne ölçüde şekillendirdiği ve gelişen süreçte iki ülkenin bölgesel rekabetinde enerjinin etkisini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Suudi Arabistan dış politika yaklaşımında enerjiyi araçsallaştırmış ve gerek bölgesel gerekse uluslararası düzende sahip olduğu enerji rezervleriyle yer bulabilmiştir. Suudi Arabistan gelecek dönemde de yerini koruyabilmek için çeşitli stratejiler ortaya koymaktadır. 1979 yılından önce ABD’nin iki sütunlu bölgesel politikasının bir sütununu oluşturan İran, devrimden sonra bölgede ABD karşıtı bir tavır takınmış ve nükleer enerji geliştirme programlarıyla uluslararası sistemde tehdit unsuru olarak belirginleşmiştir. Tahran, uluslararası sistemde tehdit olarak ortaya çıkmasının bedelini uluslararası toplumdan izole edilmesi ve yalnızlaştırılmasıyla ödemiştir. Bu durumsa İran ekonomisinin çökmesine ve âtıl kapasiteye düşmesine yol açmıştır. Maruz kaldığı yaptırımlar nedeniyle İran enerji sektörü büyük hasar almıştır. Yeterince gelişememiş olan enerji sektörü gereken teknoloji transferini de yapamamıştır. Hâlihazırda İran, petrol üretimi devrim öncesi üretim miktarına devrimden yıllar sonra ulaşabilse de çok fazla arttıramamıştır. Bu nedenle bölgede kurgulamak istediği düzeni kısıtlı petrol ve doğalgaz gelirleriyle gerçekleştirmeye ve bölgesel güç yarışında var olmaya çalışmaktadır.
Photography: A tool for historical records in Nigeria
Authors: Pogoson Ohioma I. , Akande Abiodun O.
Published: June 2022

History' is either oral or written. Whichever of these forms it assumes, one thing is clear; it brings to memory records of past or present events, places or situations. The question of two or more people experiencing the same or somewhat similar graphic imagery of oral or written history' becomes pertinent. This situation is improbable. However, with the aid ofphotographs, the graphic representation of an event is frozen in time and space, thereby making it possible for a number of people to view the record of a past event that they may not have witnessed. With video, we can even hear voices and experience life in such events. Using pictures from old newspapers, published books and from private collections, this essay attempts a pictorial social, cultural and political history of the country. It also appraised the development of photography in Nigeria. This essay avers that photography is a veritable tool for documenting historical records for posterity and an endeavour that should be encouraged and communalised.
Baía de Todos os Santos e Região Metropolitana de Salvador, BA: territórios quilombolas e conflitos na contemporaneidade
Authors: Beatriz Müller Cintia , Daiara dos Santos de Jesus Quésia , Aillana dos Santos Jesus Tayonara
Published: June 2022

A Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS) e a Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS) agregam um número considerável de municípios, sobrepondo-se em termos histórico-geográficos. A proposta deste artigo é localizar territórios de quilombos contemporâneos certificados pela Fundação Cultural Palmares em relação aos municípios que compõem cada uma destas macrorregiões. Em um segundo movimento, identificamos os principais conflitos enfrentados por essas coletividades quanto aos seus respectivos processos de territorialização e permanência local.
Novel Approach for Access Control for Electronic Health Records with Hybrid Blockchain – Edge Architecture
Authors: Dr. K. Velmurugan  , R. S. Iswarya  , R. Jayaprithvi
Published: June 2022

The global electronic health record (EHR) industry is predicted to develop at a rapid pace, reaching $39.7 billion by 2022. Access control is a critical tool for managing EHR data to ensure its security and privacy. This study offers a hybrid architecture that uses both blockchain and edge nodes to facilitate access control of EHR data. A blockchain-based controller controls identity and access control regulations and acts as a tamper-proof log of access events inside the architecture. In addition, in combination with the blockchain-based access control logs, off-chain edge nodes store EHR data and apply policies provided in the Abbreviated Language For Authorization (ALFA) to impose attribute-based access control on EHR data. We test the proposed hybrid architecture by measuring the performance of executing smart contracts and ACL policies in terms of transaction processing time and response time against unauthorized data retrieval using the Hyperledger Composer Fabric blockchain.
Hacia un escenario alternativo sobre la ocupación antigua de los complejos arquitectónicos de la zona de Malqui y Machay (provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador)
Authors: Ordoñéz María Patricia
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo presenta los hallazgos y reflexiones resultado de la prospección de la zona conocida como Mallqui-Machay, en la parroquia Pucayacu, provincia de Cotopaxi. La zona cobra interés en los años 2004 y 2010 por las investigaciones de la historiadora Tamara Estupiñan y su hipótesis respecto a la presencia Inca en la zona. Realizados en el 2012, los estudios que aquí se presentan ubican ante todo al espacio en relación con su importancia durante ocupaciones más tempranas, y en etapas históricas posteriores dentro del eje de producción y comercialización de aguardiente y caña de azúcar. Este artículo recoge una descripción de las zonas prospectadas, el tipo de arquitectura registrado, así como los resultados del análisis de los cerámicos encontrados. Esta información contrapuesta a los vocablos y topónimos existentes para la zona, permite contextualizar la arqueología de la zona de cara a una comprensión más completa de sus procesos de ocupación.
La Colección Pendoneros
Authors:   Instituto Otavaleño de Antropología, Cisneros Andrade Plutarco
Published: June 2022

La Colección Pendoneros
Farmer Participation in Agroforestry Development in Community Forest Area (Hkm) Kaladi Darussalam Village West Suli District Luwu Regency
Authors: Abdullah Arsal , Dassir Muhammad , Millang Syamsuddin
Published: June 2022

The concept of participation is used to explain how community forest farmers are involved in community forest management, how high their involvement is and the factors that influence it. The level of farmer participation can be reflected in various stages of community forest management activities. ). Farmer participation in managing community forests is a factor that supports the success of community forest management so that community forest management can develop sustainably and sustainably The goal of Describing farmers' participation in the development of agroforestry systems in community forest areas (HKm), identifying inhibiting factors and supporting farmers' participation in the development of Agroforestry Systems in community forests (HKm) and Formulating increased participation of farmers in the development of agroforestry systems in community forest areas (HKm).The methods of collecting data are interview techniques, direct observation and literature studies. Data analysis is carried out descriptive quantitatively and qualitatively followed by analysis methods using the TPB model consisting of independent variables namely Attitude (X1), Subjective Norm (X2), Perceived of behavior control (X3) and dependent variable Behavior intention (Y) analyzed by nonparametric statistical data analysis methods, in this study is the Rank Spearman correlation method.The form of community participation in the management of Community Forests is largely inactive in planning and monitoring and evaluation programs, but active in implementation programs, the strategy that must be applied is to use force to take advantage of short- and long-term opportunities and good Agroforestry Patterns to be developed in Kaladi Darussalam Village, West Suli District, Luwu Regency, especially in the location of Community Forests. is to utilize internal support factors and external supporters, especially on the potential utilization of land functions and land suitability and the type of plants cultivated in the Community Forest area.
Özel Ders İşleniş Süreçlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AKDEMİR Ayşe Betül , KILIÇ Abdurrahman
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin özel ders işleniş süreçlerini belirlemektir. Bu bağlamda araştırma özel ders öğrenme öğretme süreçleri ve sürecin akademik başarıya etkisi hakkında fikir vermesi açısından önemli görülmektedir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş ve durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubu 17 öğretmen, 24 öğrenci ve 4 veliden oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma verileri görüşme tekniği ile toplanmış, veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada özel ders öğrenme-öğretme sürecine öğrencinin hazırbulunuşluk düzeyinin belirlenmesiyle başlandığı; derslerin öğrenci seviyesine ve ihtiyacına uygun yürütüldüğü görülmüştür. Özel ders süresinin belirlenmesinde paydaş kararlarının etkili olduğu ve zamana yayılmış dersin tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Özel ders öğrenme yaşantılarının toplu öğrenmeye göre öğrencinin akademik başarısı üzerinde daha etkili olduğu; bu durumun toplu öğrenmede ortalamaya göre ders anlatılması, öğretmenlerin sınıf yönetimiyle fazla zaman harcaması, konuyla ilgili örneklerin çeşitlendirilmemesinden kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Özel ders öğretmenleri, öğrencilerinin gelişimini derse katılımları ve sınav başarılarını takip ederek belirledikleri görülmüştür. Öğrenci ve velilerin merkezi sınavlarda avantaj sağlamak amacıyla özel derse yöneldiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМУНІКАЦІЯМИ В УМОВАХ КРИЗ
Authors: Дзяна Галина Олексіївна , Дзяний Ростислав Борисович
Published: June 2022

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність дослідження специфіки управління кризовими комунікаціями, окреслено можливі шляхи їх організації та здійснення в умовах нових викликів. Розглянуто типологізацію кризових ситуацій. Дано авторське визначення поняття «криза». Визначено особливості комунікації під час кризи. Зазначено, що в умовах кризи змінюється сприйняття людьми інформації, порушуються усталені комунікаційні зв’язки та інформаційні потоки, а нові обставини потребують актуальної за змістом, оперативністю та обсягом інформації. Встановлено, що завдання органів влади з управління комунікаціями в умовах криз полягає в мінімізації впливу кризи на діяльність владних структур та їх цільові аудиторії, зменшенні часу, що витрачається на ліквідацію кризи, якнайшвидшому відновленні контролю над ситуацією та комунікацією. В умовах криз відбувається стрімке зростання потоків інформації, що зумовлює частково їх некерованість, оскільки можливе поширення не лише об’єктивної інформації, а й дезінформації, чуток чи фейків. Зазначено, що чутки приводять до втрати інформаційної стійкості суспільства. Окреслено основні причини виникнення чуток та заходи боротьби з ними. Наголошено, що для успіху кризових комунікацій необхідно забезпечити ефективну співпрацю із засобами масової інформації та налагодити діалог із учасниками спільноти у соціальних мережах. Узагальнено основні правила кризових комунікацій: надання інформації якомога швидше та оперативніше; співпраця із ЗМІ задля поширення правдивої інформації та формування довіри; сприйняття інформації кризовою аудиторією, як важливого критерію результативності кризової комунікації; необхідність знати та поважати кризові аудиторії, не тримати людей в емоційному напруженні. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що правильно і чітко організовані кризові комунікації відіграють провідну роль у боротьбі з будь-якою кризовою ситуацією в суспільстві. Наголошено на необхідності розробки плану з управління кризовими комунікаціями в умовах невизначеності, який повинен включати: визначення репутаційних ризиків для організації; підготовку повідомлення; розробку процедур, які можна виконати; визначення відповідальних; призначення групи швидкого реагування; налагодження ефективної внутрішньої комунікації з працівниками; регулярне інформування зовнішніх аудиторій; співпраця з місцевою громадою; моніторинг та аналізування дій.
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATION IN THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Konopliasta Svitlana , Bielova Olena
Published: June 2022

The scientific analysis of the integration of children with special educational needs in education was carried out in the research. The purpose of the study is to examine the problematic issues of educational integration aimed at children with special educational needs. The methods of scientific research are theoretical analysis and systematization of information on foreign and domestic experience on the problem of studying the integration of individuals in preschool and general secondary education. The task of the study is theoretical analysis and systematization of information on foreign and domestic experience on the issue of studying the integration of children with special educational needs in general educational conditions; determination of forms of organization of integrated learning; substantiation of the state of modern inclusive education and opportunities for integration; disclosure of advantages and prospects of integration for children with special educational needs of general education. Problematic issues concerning the formation of integration in the educational space in foreign and domestic scientific sources have been studied; forms (models) of the organization of integrated training are described; the types of preschool institutions that are considered as basic components of preschool education have bben indicated (kindergarten - preschool institution, infant school– preschool institution, kindergarten of a combined type).The authors highlighted level of support in secondary schools, in accordance with the individual needs and capabilities of children with special educational needs, the issue of quality education is transferred to public authorities, local governments and educational institutions. The advantages of integration of children with disabilities in the system of general educational space is considered: it provides social and household adaptation, ensures the right to equal access to education, takes into account value interests, needs, individual, psychophysiological and intellectual capabilities, intensifies the formation of cognitive activity to educational activity, creates conditions for experiencing social interaction surrounded by peers wisth typical psychophysical development. provides development of moral and cultural values. Integrated education has promising mechanisms for improving the system of education and upbringing of children with special educational needs, which can complement the techniques of inclusive education.
TRENDS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHER TRAINING IN THE USA DURING GLOBAL PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN
Authors: Nykonenko Nataliia
Published: June 2022

The issue of quality teacher training has always been recognized with international acts, but the UNESCO Global Education Monitoring Report (2021) found the current state of teacher training insufficient due to the paradigm of inclusion, lack of consistency, and ineffective professional cooperation.

Among the reasons for this is the introduction of global COVID-19 pandemic. In the modern conditions the main problems of special education teachers training quality are related to lack of self-efficacy, ability to manage class activities, apply instructional strategies and involve students in educational activities. In-service teachers complain about the increase in workload, working hours, professional burnout and leave the profession. To stabilize the situation in the education system, the US government has introduced a number of financial, institutional and teaching support measures. In order to attract young people to the profession, 15 states have changed the conditions for enrolment in educational programs, including special education, simplified some organizational procedures, and proposed alternatives for field experience. However, the basic requirements of such innovations remained unchanged: maintaining the quality of field experience, the use of defined requirements and terminology for its organization and professional support of early career teachers.

Analysis of researches on this issue allows us to conclude that all educational process stakeholders are not ready for the full transition to distance learning due to insufficient quality of existing tools and cyber security for effective virtual learning and the need to improve teachers training for teaching in various formats (distance, in-person, blended, hybrid) with the ICT means. Since having gained distance learning experience while obtaining their professional education, the graduates can more easily adapt to the changing and unpredictable conditions of the present situation, teacher preparation programs introduce disciplines aimed at relevant skills developing.

Therefore, the scientific community should unite the efforts to develop the latest teaching methods considering the needs of all students within a school are catered for, including those with special educational needs.
PECULIARITIES OF ORGANIZING REMEDIAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS FOR CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME AT DIFFERENT AGE STAGES OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Saienko Tetiana
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the psychomotor profile of children with Down`s syndrome, describes the positive and negative lines in motor, socio-emotional, communicative-and-speech as well as cognitive development. The author considered the vertical structure of rehabilitation and educational institutions in which children with this genetic anomaly can receive habilitation, rehabilitation and educational services. The article reveals peculiarities of the organization of habilitation and rehabilitation work on the basis of the family-centered model of early intervention; the necessity and efficiency of this direction are proved. The author analyzed the modern system of special education of children belonging to this nosological group. An inclusive and special model of providing educational services to children with Down`s syndrome was considered. The article describes peculiarities of organizing psychological and pedagogical remedia; and developmental support in institutions and establishments that provide rehabilitation services. The author highlighted the main links of the organizing remedial and developmental support, which are related to the age periods of development of children of the outlined category. The first link is formed by habilitation facilities, aimed at the initial formation of functions and missing skills. The second link comprises centers of comprehensive rehabilitation and inclusive preschool education, whose activities are aimed at adapting to the conditions of the children's team, providing a range of services for physical, psychological, pedagogical and social rehabilitation. The third link is represented by inclusive general secondary education institutions, special education institutions, whose activities are aimed at obtaining education, full socialization of children with Down`s syndrome in society. Organization of the process of modern special and inclusive education is based on the principles of continuity, consistency, and also takes into account the age and individual characteristics of children with a defined genetic anomaly.
FORMATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN FUTURE SOCIAL SPHERE PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Kharkivska Alla
Published: June 2022

In the article the author analyzes the peculiarities of the formation of emotional intelligence in future social sphere professionals. Scientific and psychological-pedagogical researches of domestic and foreign scientists-psychologists were analyzed concerning definitions of essence of concepts «social intelligence» and «emotional intelligence». The connection between emotional and social intelligences is traced. The author carried out systematization and generalization of certain concepts and components of the formation of emotional intelligence in future professionals in the social sphere. The author identifies the emotional intelligence of future professionals in the social sphere as an important component of the formation of their psychological culture, professional development, as well as the formation of interpersonal professional relations and the development of social consciousness and more. An example of the classification of emotional intelligence of M. Selovya and Caruso is given, in which 4 components are distinguished: perception of emotions; use of emotions to stimulate thinking; understanding of emotions; emotion management. The author concluded that emotional intelligence combines control over emotions, based on the intellectual abilities of the individual, the ability to use emotions to activate human thinking and mental activity, the ability to understand and determine the causes of their own emotions and emotions of other people. In the research based on the work of K. Maxoma, the author highlighted the general features of emotional intelligence: openness to an optimistic perception of reality, emphasizing the positive aspects of life, including professional activities; ability to recognize the emotions of interlocutors, colleagues; self-control of one's emotions, self-motivation; stress resistance – adequate assessment of one's own negative emotions, their awareness and control – balancing one's own emotions; tolerance, trust, tolerant attitude to positive and negative emotions of others; positive competition between colleagues, which encourages the development of emotional and social intelligence. It has been found that future professionals must be clearly aware of the impact of their emotional sphere on all spheres of life, and emotional experiences should be perceived as important values, without which it is difficult to identify both one's own emotions and those of others.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PEDAGOGICAL MODEL OF FORMATION OFSTUDENTS’ SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BY MEANS OF PROJECT TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Vainola Renate , Xi Zechen Xi
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the theoretical substantiation of the pedagogical model of students' social responsibility by means of project technologies, which contains the following structural components: purpose, tasks, principles, pedagogical conditions, criteria (criteria, indicators and levels of formation), technological support of project activities and a result. The purpose of the model is to form the social responsibility of students. As a result of the implementation of this model, an increase in the level of formation of indicators of social responsibility of students is envisaged. The objectives of the pedagogical model are the following: forecasting the content, directions and means of forming social responsibility of students; developing and implementing pedagogical conditions for the formation of social responsibility of students; developing project technologies as a factor in the formation of social responsibility of students. The content of the principles of the model implementation is detailed and the following characteristics are singled out: personal orientation of the educational process, dialogicity, integrativity, nonlinearity and formation. The authors carry out characterization and description of criteria for the formation of social responsibility of students and relevant indicators of their manifestation: cognitive (awareness of the nature and specifics of social responsibility and its manifestations; ability to analyze social, moral and professional situations, qualities and evaluate them from the standpoint of their own moral principles); evaluative-emotional (readiness to evaluate social phenomena, to provide objective evaluative judgments, self-report and self-evaluation; emotional stability, openness and ability to empathize); worldview (system of social attitudes and socially approving beliefs; transformation of beliefs into personal qualities of students (independence, objectivity, organization, etc.); behavioral(active life and civic positions that find practical confirmation; participation in socially significant public affairs of the group). The authors singled out pedagogical conditions that optimize the process of forming social responsibility of students in the institution of higher education: improving the forms of social and educational work; increasing the share of forms focused on awareness and acceptance of values of social responsibility; modeling of educational and production situations related to the need for socially responsible actions; using design technologies to attract students to socially significant activities.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL COMPETENCY OF MEDICAL SPECIALISTS IN THE SYSTEM OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION
Authors: Kharkivskyi Valerii
Published: June 2022

The analysis of foreign and domestic scientists' researches on the problem of research, namely, on the development of personal competency, development of social competency, development of social competency of medical specialists in particular, was carried out. It was found out that the problem of the development of social competence of medical specialists in the system of postgraduate education was little researched, therefore, the need for the study of this issue arose. A number of interpretations of such concepts as competence, competency and social competency by foreign and domestic scientists was analyzed. The author highlights the difference between the concepts of "competence" and "competency". The author's interpretation of the following concepts is presented: "competence", "competency", "social competency" and "social competency of medical specialists". The components of social competency of healthcare professionals in the system of post-graduate education are analyzed, including cognitive, value, behavioral; motivational-volitional, cognitive, organizational-activational as offered by L. Lymar. The author has adapted the system of principles of social competency according to N. Zobenko to the topic of research. Thus, the principles of social competency of medical specialists in the system of postgraduate education are reflected: they are fundamentalization, consistency, scientificity, and accessibility. The following elements of social competency structure of medical specialists in the system of postgraduate education were analyzed: communicative, socio-operative, socio-psychological, personal. The characteristic traits, which a specialist of medical sphere should possess in order to develop social competency, were revealed: they are humanity, tolerance, optimism, openness, responsibility, tolerance, skills to solve conflicting and unpredictable tasks, self-control, self-criticism and self-improvement. The favorable conditions for the qualitative development of social competency of specialists in the field of postgraduate education are identified. Generalization of the research results is carried out through the illuminated possibilities of development of social competency of medical specialists in the system of postgraduate education (taking into account psychological and sociological scientific knowledge in the development of educational programs for the training of medical professionals, use of various forms and methods of work, application of methods of self-education of medical specialists).
IMPLIKASI GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN KERJASAMA TIM TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PURI SARON HOTEL SEMINYAK
Authors: Ni Made Dwi Priskilla  , I Putu Santika
Published: June 2022

Transformational leadership style is one of the leadership styles that can make changes to the company. Changes made by the leadership must be able to improve employee performance, as well as enhance teamwork between departments. Positive changes will form a positive organizational climate so if negative changes will give the organizational climate to the company to be negative This research uses quantitative research, which was carried out at Puri Saron Hotel Seminyak. The author conducted research by observation, interviews and questionnaires with a sample size of 100 respondents. This research was conducted to find out how big the implications of the transformational leadership style, organizational climate and teamwork on employee performance. The results of the research on hypothesis testing, the transformational style variables and teamwork have positive and significant implications for employee performance, whereas the organizational climate variable does not have a positive effect on employee performance.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN STRES KERJA SERTA MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA BADAN PERENCANAAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: I Ketut Mustika
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of the work environment and work stress and motivation on employee performance at the Regional Research and Development Planning Agency of Karangasem Regency. The sample analysis technique uses the saturated sample method where the sample is all employees of the Regional Research and Development Planning Agency of Karangasem Regency, totaling 69 people. The analytical technique used is using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 25. The results of the analysis show that 1) the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; 2) work stress has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; 3) motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; and 4) work environment and work stress as well as motivation have a positive and significant effect simultaneously on employee performance. Suggestions in this study is that the management pays more attention to the employee's work environment and improves the management of work stress and motivation to employees to improve employee performance in achieving organizational goals.
Knowledge Levels of the Nursery Workers in Riyadh City and Addiriyah Province on the Insects of Ornamental Plants and their Control Measures
Authors: Al-Shayaa M.S. , Muneer Siddig , Alharthy F.
Published: June 2022

This study aimed at exploring the level of knowledge of the nurseries workers about some of the insects of the ornamental plants, infection symptoms and methods of control. The level of their knowledge was measured by identifying the sources of information, used by them. Data were collected from the workers of the 91 nurseries at Riyadh city and Alddiriyah province, using a valid and a reliable questionnaire. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution, means, standard deviation, chi square test and multiple regression analysis, by using SPSS program. Results indicated that more than two thirds (65.9%) of the respondents were non-Saudis and they were considered as temporary laborers. About 90% of the respondents had good knowledge of the Arabic language, and only 42.9% of them could read English. The fact undermines their ability to make use of sources of information such as the pesticides label and extension pamphlets written in English. Moreover, the study revealed that 56% of the respondents were born in the urban areas; only 7.7% of them did not have formal education and 59.3% of them had received post graduate level education at the university. The study further revealed that half of the respondents were involved in agriculture, and 40.7% of them were working with the ornamental plants for ten or more years, providing them with an opportunity to acquire good experience. The respondents had the medium level of knowledge about insects of ornamental plants i.e. 25.92 degree measured on a scale that ranges from 8 to 40 degrees. The workers had highest level of knowledge (4.1 degrees on a 5 degree scale) on Aphids followed by Mealy bug (3.7 degrees, while they were having the lowest level of knowledge on Leaf cutter bee (2.1) and Tropinota squalida (2.5), While diagnosing the infection symptoms caused by insects, the respondents had an average knowledge level and that was found to be 44.5 degrees with a standard deviation of 7.7 degree and a median of 54 degree, on a scale that ranged from 36 to 72 degrees. The level of knowledge of the respondents on the infection symptoms was lower than their knowledge on insects. However, the respondents’ level of knowledge about the symptoms of insects’ infection was found to be consistent with their knowledge about the different insects. The highest level of knowledge about symptoms of infection (7.2) was on aphids and the lowest level of knowledge (4.9) was on the symptoms of infection caused by Leaf cutter bee and Tropinota squalida.
Quantitative impacts of vertical transport on long-term trend of nocturnal ozone increase over the Pearl River Delta region during 2006–2019
Authors: Wu Yongkang , Chen Weihua , You Yingchang , Xie Qianqian , Jia Shiguo , Wang Xuemei
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China has been facing severe ozone (O3) pollution during the day, as well as anomalous nocturnal O3 increase (NOI) during the night. In this study, relying on observed surface and vertical O3 and the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5) dataset, the spatiotemporal variation of NOI events is comprehensively analysed and the role of vertical transport in the occurrence of NOI events is quantified in the PRD region from 2006 to 2019. Results show that the annual average frequency of NOI events is estimated to be 53 ± 16 d yr-1 in the PRD region during the 14-year period, with 58 ± 11 μg m-3 for the nocturnal O3 peak (NOP) concentration on average. Low-level jets (LLJs) and convective storms (Conv) are the main meteorological processes that induce NOI events, explaining 61 % and 11 % of NOI events on average, respectively. Annually, NOI events exhibit an upward trend (4.70 d yr-1) before 2011 and a downward trend (-0.72 d yr-1) afterward, which is consistent with the annual variation of LLJs (r=0.88, p<0.01). Although the contribution of Conv to NOI events is relatively small, Conv-induced NOI events continuously increase at a rate of 0.26 d yr-1 during this 14-year period owing to the effect of expanding urbanization. Seasonally, relatively higher frequency of NOI events is observed in spring and autumn, which is consistent with the seasonal pattern of LLJs and maximum daily average 8-h (MDA8) O3. Spatially, NOI events are frequent in the eastern PRD, which matches well with the spatial distribution of LLJ frequency while partially overlapping with the distribution of MDA8 O3 concentration, suggesting a more important role for vertical transport than for daytime O3 concentration in NOI events, which is also supported by the difference in their annual trends between urban and rural areas. The WRF/CMAQ model and the observed vertical O3 profiles are further applied to illustrate the mechanisms of NOI formation caused by LLJs and Conv. Results confirm that both LLJs and Conv trigger NOI events by inducing downdrafts, the difference being that LLJs induce them by shear and Conv by compensating downdrafts. Through an observational and modeling analysis, this study reveals the long-term (2006–2019) trends of NOI events in the PRD region and quantifies the contribution of meteorological processes for the first time, emphasizing the importance of vertical transport as well as daytime O3 concentration for the occurrence of NOI events.
Ammonium-adduct chemical ionization to investigate anthropogenic oxygenated gas-phase organic compounds in urban air
Authors: Khare Peeyush , Krechmer Jordan E. , Machesky Jo Ellen , Hass-Mitchell Tori , Cao Cong , Wang Junqi , Majluf Francesca , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe , Malek Sonja , Wang Will , Seltzer Karl , Pye Havala O. T. , Commane Roisin , McDonald Brian C. , Toledo-Crow Ricardo , Mak John E. , Gentner Drew R.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Volatile chemical products (VCPs) and other non-combustion-related sources have become important for urban air quality, and bottom-up calculations report emissions of a variety of functionalized compounds that remain understudied and uncertain in emissions estimates. Using a new instrumental configuration, we present online measurements of oxygenated VCPs in a U.S. megacity over a 10-day wintertime sampling period, when biogenic sources and photochemistry were less active. Measurements were conducted at a rooftop observatory in upper Manhattan, New York City, USA using a Vocus chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer with ammonium (NH4+) as the reagent ion operating at 1 Hz. The range of observations spanned volatile, intermediate-volatility, and semi-volatile organic compounds with targeted analyses of ~150 ions whose likely assignments included a range of functionalized compound classes such as glycols, glycol ethers, acetates, acids, alcohols, acrylates, esters, ethanolamines, and ketones that are found in various consumer, commercial, and industrial products. Their concentrations varied as a function of wind direction with enhancements over the highly-populated areas of the Bronx, Manhattan, and parts of New Jersey, and included abundant concentrations of acetates, acrylates, ethylene glycol, and other commonly-used oxygenated compounds. The results provide top-down constraints on wintertime emissions of these oxygenated/functionalized compounds with ratios to common anthropogenic marker compounds and compares their relative abundances to two regionally-resolved emissions inventories used in urban air quality models.
Regional impacts of black carbon morphologies on shortwave aerosol–radiation interactions: a comparative study between the US and China
Authors: Luo Jie , Li Zhengqiang , Zhang Chenchong , Zhang Qixing , Zhang Yongming , Zhang Ying , Curci Gabriele , Chakrabarty Rajan K.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is one of the dominant absorbing aerosol species in the atmosphere. It normally has complex fractal-like structures due to the aggregation process during combustion. A wide range of aerosol–radiation interactions (ARIs) of BC have been reported throughout experimental and modeling studies. One reason for the large discrepancies among multiple studies is the application of the oversimplified spherical morphology for BC in ARI estimates. In current climate models, the Mie theory is commonly used to calculate the optical properties of spherical BC aerosols. Here, we employ a regional chemical transport model coupled with a radiative transfer code that utilizes the non-spherical BC optical simulations to re-evaluate the effects of particles' morphologies on BC shortwave ARI, and the wavelength range of 0.3–4.0 µm was considered. Anthropogenic activities and wildfires are two major sources of BC emissions. Therefore, we choose the typical polluted area in eastern China, which is dominated by anthropogenic emissions, and the fire region in the northwest US, which is dominated by fire emissions in this study. A 1-month simulation in eastern China and a 7 d simulation in the fire region in the northwest US were performed. The fractal BC model generally presents a larger clear-sky ARI compared to the spherical BC model. Assuming BC particles are externally mixed with other aerosols, the relative differences in the time-averaged clear-sky ARI between the fractal model with a fractal dimension (Df) of 1.8 and the spherical model are 12.1 %–20.6 % and 10.5 %–14.9 % for typical polluted urban cities in China and fire sites in the northwest US, respectively. Furthermore, the regional-mean clear-sky ARI is also significantly affected by the BC morphology, and relative differences of 17.1 % and 38.7 % between the fractal model with a Df of 1.8 and the spherical model were observed in eastern China and the northwest US, respectively. However, the existence of clouds would weaken the BC morphological effects. The time-averaged all-sky ARI relative differences between the fractal model with a Df of 1.8 and the spherical model are 4.9 %–6.4 % and 9.0 %–11.3 % in typical urban polluted cities and typical fire sites, respectively. Besides, for the regional-mean all-sky ARI, the relative differences between the fractal model and the spherical model are less than 7.3 % and 16.8 % in the polluted urban area in China and the fire region in the US, respectively. The results imply that current climate modeling may significantly underestimate the BC ARI uncertainties as the morphological effects on BC ARI are ignored in most climate models.
Causes of the extensive hypoxia in the Gulf of Riga in 2018
Authors: Stoicescu Stella-Theresa , Laanemets Jaan , Liblik Taavi , Skudra Māris , Samlas Oliver , Lips Inga , Lips Urmas
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Gulf of Riga is a relatively shallow bay connected to the deeper central Baltic Sea (Baltic Proper) via straits with sills. The decrease in the
near-bottom oxygen levels from spring to autumn is a common feature in the gulf, but in 2018, extensive hypoxia was observed. We analyzed
temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient data collected in 2018, along with historical data available from environmental
databases. Meteorological and hydrological data from the study year were compared with their long-term means and variability. We suggest that
pronounced oxygen depletion occurred in 2018 due to a distinct development of vertical stratification. Seasonal stratification developed early and
was stronger in spring–summer 2018 than on average due to high heat flux and weak winds. Dominating northeasterly winds in early spring and summer
supported the inflow of saltier waters from the Baltic Proper that created an additional deep pycnocline restricting vertical transport between the
near-bottom layer (NBL) and the water column above. The estimated oxygen consumption rate in the NBL in spring–summer 2018 was about
1.7 mmolO2m-2h-1, which exceeded the oxygen input to the NBL due to advection and vertical mixing. Such a consumption rate leads
to near-bottom hypoxia in all years when vertical mixing in autumn reaches the seabed later than on average according to the long-term (1979–2018)
meteorological conditions. The observed increase in phosphate concentrations in the NBL in summer 2018 suggests a significant sediment phosphorus
release in hypoxic conditions counteracting the mitigation measures to combat eutrophication. Since climate change projections predict that
meteorological conditions comparable to those in 2018 will occur more frequently, extensive hypoxia would be more common in the Gulf of Riga and
other coastal basins with similar morphology and human-induced elevated input of nutrients.
Optimization of weather forecasting for cloud cover over the European domain using the meteorological component of the Ensemble for Stochastic Integration of Atmospheric Simulations version 1.0
Authors: Lu Yen-Sen , Good Garrett , Elbern Hendrik
Published: June 2022

Abstract. In this study, we present an expansive sensitivity analysis of physics configurations for cloud cover using the Weather Forecasting and Research Model (WRF V3.7.1) on the European domain. The experiments utilize the meteorological part of a large ensemble framework known as the Ensemble for Stochastic Integration of Atmospheric Simulations (ESIAS-met). The experiments first seek the best deterministic WRF physics configuration by simulating over 1,000 combinations of microphysics, cumulus parameterization, planetary boundary layer physics (PBL), surface layer physics, radiation scheme and land surface models. The results on six different test days are compared to CMSAF satellite images from EUMETSAT. We then selectively conduct stochastic simulations to assess the best choice for ensemble forecasts. The results indicate a high variability in terms of physics and parameterization. The combination of Goddard, WSM6, or CAM5.1 microphysics with MYNN3 or ACM2 PBL exhibited the best performance in Europe. For probabilistic simulations, the combination of WSM6 and SBU–YL microphysics with MYNN2 and MYNN3 showed the best performance, capturing the cloud fraction and its percentiles with 32 ensemble members. This work also demonstrates the capability and performance of ESIAS-met for large ensemble simulations and sensitivity analysis.