bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Strategies Enabling Industrial and Urban Symbiosis: The Case of Slovenia
Authors: Ažman Momirski Lucija , Mušič Barbara , Cotič Boštjan
Published: April 2021

Industrial symbiosis (IS) recognizes the exchange of waste resources and by-products between companies that do not normally cooperate in resource exchange; on the other hand, urban symbiosis (UrS) recognizes the use of solid waste in cities as input sources for industries that do not normally accept these sources. It is difficult to realize both in a pre-planned process, and there are few successful initiatives based on the exchange of waste and energy. The main objective of this research is to find out whether there are urban strategies that support the emergence, existence and development of IS and/or UrS in Slovenia. National documents, networks, projects, programs, and national statistical sources were examined. The Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategies (ISUSD) for eleven cities and municipalities were reviewed against ten selected indicators. The main findings are that there is intense awareness raising on IS and UrS, and adequate overall legislative support, aligned with EU legislation. Nevertheless, there has been surprisingly less waste conversion to energy recovery since 2010. The reuse of by-products either for energy or new products is non-existent or negligible. Selected main urban strategies for cities in Slovenia are far from setting more concrete guidelines for the development of IS and/or UrS. In the future, more successful integration of IS and UrS is possible in the context of regeneration development of brownfield sites.
Research Trends in Career Success: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Pico-Saltos Roberto , Carrión-Mero Paúl , Montalván-Burbano Néstor , Garzás Javier , Redchuk Andrés
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of academic research on professional success, using the bibliometric analysis to understand the evolution of this field between the years 1990 and 2020. The information was obtained from the publications indexed in the Scopus database, under a rigorous bibliometric process that comprises five parts: (i) criteria search of the field, (ii) selection of database and documents, (iii) inclusion and selection criteria, (iv) software and data selection, and (v) analysis and results. The results show professional success as a scientific discipline in full exponential growth, which allows us to consider the main contributions of authors, institutions, and international contributions, as well as to consider the main themes that have shaped the intellectual structure of the subject through their visualization using bibliometric maps of co-citation and co-occurrence, which combined showed eight main lines of research. The results obtained allowed us to identify patterns of convergence and divergence in various topics, which allows obtaining current and diverse information on the state of the research field’s art.
Conceptual Model of Ecosystem Service Flows from Carbon Dioxide to Blue Carbon in Coastal Wetlands: An Empirical Study Based on Yancheng, China
Authors: Zang Zheng
Published: April 2021

Large amounts of blue carbon exist in the ecosystems of coastal wetlands. Accurate calculations of the stocks and economic value of blue carbon in various plant communities can facilitate vegetation rehabilitation. Based on this objective, first, a blue carbon estimation model was constructed by combining a Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) model, and second, the distribution pattern of blue carbon and flow direction of ecosystem services (carbon sequestration) in a coastal wetland in China was analyzed utilizing a combination of field surveys, remote sensing data, and laboratory analysis techniques. Finally, the wetland carbon sequestration value and its income-expenditure status were measured using the carbon tax method. The results show that the aboveground net primary productivity of coastal wetland vegetation exhibits a non-zonal distribution in the south-north direction, whereas it presented a three-level gradient distribution, characterized as “low (200–300 g/m2∙y)–intermediate (300–400 g/m2∙y)–high (400–500 g/m2∙y)”, in the east-west direction. The accumulation of carbon gradually increased from the ground surface to the underground (litter < underground roots < soil) in Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis. On the type scale, Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis wetlands were of the “blue carbon” net outflow type (supply type), with mean annual outflow carbon sequestration values of 3272.3 $/ha and 40.9 $/ha, respectively. The Suaeda glauca wetland was of the “blue carbon” net inflow type (benefit type), with a mean annual inflow carbon sequestration value of 190.7 $/ha.
Converting Municipal Waste to Energy through the Biomass Chain, a Key Technology for Environmental Issues in (Smart) Cities
Authors: Vrabie Catalin
Published: April 2021

Cities around the world should prioritize the management of municipal solid waste (MSW). For this to be effective, there is a strong need to buildup a complex system that involves social, economic, and environmental processes, leading to a supply chain (SC). The actors involved in dealing with MSW—from suppliers, collectors, distributors, industries, and managers—should be engaged in strategic planning. This paper focuses on alternative energy solutions and uses existing SC models of managing MSW, as well as the existing literature, to identify successful stories in cities like Bergen and Tønsberg in Norway, London in UK and Barcelona in Spain and draw a conceptual framework for city officials in Romanian municipalities (but not only) to innovate—and convert MSW in biogas to be used in delivering public services, i.e., public transportation. The article shows that when the innovation is accepted and well implemented by all actors, the benefits for the citizens and the municipality are considerably higher than by using conventional methods of collecting and depositing MSW. The proposed approach is also relevant for implementing the EU environment policy, where delays are usually observed (as the case for Romania).
Bills, Rights and Housing Policy: The Evolution of Israel’s Seven-Decade Housing-Related Bills
Authors: Hananel Ravit
Published: April 2021

How do bills contribute to the promotion of housing rights? Is there a relation between the content of proposed bills and a country’s dominant political economy? Are changes in the political-economic regime reflected in housing-related bills? What type of bill is most likely to be enacted: a provision or a protection? These are the challenge of this study. The analysis is based on the theoretical classic distinction between “provisions” (positive rights) and “protections” (negative rights) from the realm of human rights, producing an empirical cumulative-aggregative analysis, which examines the scope and content of housing-related bills in the Israeli parliament since its establishment in 1948, until today. The research findings are counterintuitive, challenging the understanding that welfare regimes encourage extensive provisions, as opposed to neoliberal regimes that promote extensive protections. Given the current global housing affordability crisis, the research findings are relevant to many countries, parliaments, and organizations that are currently seeking to promote various housing rights.
Local Drivers Associated to Temporal Spectral Response of Chlorophyll-a in Mangrove Leaves
Authors: Castellanos-Basto Blanca , Herrera-Silveira Jorge , Bataller Érick , Rioja-Nieto Rodolfo
Published: April 2021

The pigment content in leaves has commonly been used to characterize vegetation condition. However, few studies have assessed temporal changes of local biotic and abiotic factors on leaf pigments. Here, we evaluated the effect of local environmental variables and tree structural characteristics, in the chlorophyll-a leaf concentration (Chl-a) associated with temporal change in two mangrove species. Rhizophora mangle (R. mangle) and Avicennia germinans (A. germinans) trees of a fringe mangrove forest (FMF) and lower basin mangrove forest (BMF) were visited over a period of one year, to obtain radiometric readings at leaf level to estimate Chl-a. Measurements on tree characteristics included diameter at breast height (DBH), basal area (BA), and maximum height (H). Environmental variables included soil interstitial water temperature (Ti), salinity (Si), and dissolved oxygen (Oi), flood level (fL), ambient temperature (Tamb), and relative humidity (Hrel). Generalized linear models and covariance analysis showed that the variation of Chl-a is mainly influenced by the species, the interaction between species and mangrove forest type, DBH, seasonality and its influence on the species, soil conditions, and fL. Studies to assess spatial and temporal change on mangrove forests using the spectral characteristics of the trees should also consider the temporal variation of leave chlorophyll-a concentration.
Laboratory Characterization of a Liquid Metal MHD Generator for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion
Authors: Domínguez-Lozoya José Carlos , Cuevas Sergio , Domínguez David Roberto , Ávalos-Zúñiga Raúl , Ramos Eduardo
Published: April 2021

Harnessing ocean wave energy is an old challenge that has gained momentum in recent years. In this paper, we present the flow and electrical characterization of a prototype of an alternate liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator at a laboratory scale which has the potential to make use of the energy of marine waves for its conversion into electrical energy. The eutectic alloy Galinstan, used as a working fluid, was driven in oscillatory motion in a duct of a rectangular cross-section exposed to a transverse magnetic field generated by permanent neodymium magnets. The electric current induced by the motion of the liquid metal in the magnetic field was collected through copper electrodes and delivered to the load. The oscillatory axial velocity component along the duct was measured using ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry for different oscillation frequencies. In turn, the output currents and voltages were measured for different operation conditions and the electric power and efficiency were estimated from experimental measurements. The coupling of this generator to a wave energy converter (WEC) is discussed.
Chyloperitoneum as the Initial Manifestation of Gastrointestinal Neoplasia
Authors: Lozada-Martínez Ivan David , Torres-Llinás Daniela , Zuluaga-Ramírez Paola , Mendoza-Brochero Victor Hugo , Bolaño-Romero María , Ríos-Giraldo Ana María
Published: April 2021

Chyloperitoneum is defined as the presence of lymph within the peritoneal cavity, resulting from obstruction or injury of lymph ducts, mostly at the level of the gastrointestinal tract. This can occur in the context of congenital diseases, traumas, infections, neoplasms, hepatic disease, heart disease, and postoperative complications. The most common symptoms described are abdominal distention and mild pain in a course of weeks to months, with dyspnea, peritonitis, and in a few cases weight gain is observed due to the high intra-abdominal pressure. We present a case of a 56-year-old male with no significant personal history, who has a clinical picture of approximately three months of evolution, consisting in sensation of an abdominal mass predominantly in the left hemiabdomen, associated with progressive abdominal distension, changes in intestinal habit, lower limb edema, dyspepsia, occasional postprandial emesis, and unintentional weight loss of 20 kg. In non-traumatic conditions, the most frequent cause of chylous ascites is a malignancy disease followed by cirrhosis and mycobacterial infections. Taking into consideration that adenocarcinoma is the most frequently reported histologic subtype of jejunum neoplasm, and that not all cases of lymphoma debut with chylous ascites, it can be concluded that the proportion of patients that present with this condition is exceptionally low. Chyloperitoneum is an infrequent finding, having the higher detection rate in lymphatic alterations and malignancies of gastrointestinal location, in which some of the most commonly neoplasms associated with this complication are lymphoma, neuroendocrine tumors, sarcomas, and leukemia.
Effective Boundary Value Problem Solver via Bézier Functions
Authors: Choi Daegyun , Leeghim Henzeh , Kim Donghoon
Published: April 2021

In engineering disciplines, many important problems are to be formed as boundary value problems (BVPs) that have conditions that are specified at the extremes. To handle such problems, the conventional shooting method that transforms BVPs into initial value problems has been extensively used, but it does not always guarantee solving the problem due to the possible failure of finding a proper initial guess. This paper proposes a universal initial guess finder that is composed of Bézier functions. Various dimensional problems that include Lambert’s problem for several orbits around the spherically symmetric Earth are studied to validate the efficacy of the proposed approach, and the results are compared.
Phthalate Exposures in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Jenkins Randall , Ondusko Devlynne , Montrose Luke , Forbush Ryan , Rozansky David
Published: April 2021

Background: Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a phthalate compound found in medical devices, may cause toxic effects in premature infants. In this study, the objective is to quantify DEHP exposures from various intravenous and respiratory therapy devices, and to use these values to predict typical exposure for an infant in a neonatal unit. Methods: Common IV products used on infants are directed through various types of IV tubing (IVT) and analyzed for DEHP content. DEHP exposure for infants receiving respiratory therapy was determined indirectly through analysis of urine DEHP metabolites. By deriving these values for DEHP we calculated the daily exposure to DEHP from common IV fluids (IVF) and respiratory devices during hospitalization in a neonatal unit. Results: IVF labeled DEHP-positive showed very high concentrations of DEHP, but when passed through IVT, substantial amounts were adsorbed. DEHP was undetectable with all DEHP-negative IVF tests, except when passed through DEHP-positive IVT. The DEHP leached from most respiratory devices was relatively modest, except that detected from bubble CPAP. In 14 very low birthweight infants, the mean DEHP exposure was 182,369 mcg/kg over 81.2 days of the initial hospitalization. Ninety-eight percent of the exposure was from respiratory devices, with bubble CPAP accounting for 95% of the total DEHP exposure in these infants. Conclusions: The DEHP exposure in our neonatal unit can be reduced markedly by avoiding or modifying bubble CPAP equipment and avoiding IV tubing containing DEHP.
Results of Search for Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter from Radial Impacts on Earth
Authors: VanDevender J. Pace , Schmitt Robert G. , McGinley Niall , Duggan David G. , McGinty Seamus , VanDevender Aaron P. , Wilson Peter , Dixon Deborah , Girard Helen , McRae Jacquelyn
Published: April 2021

Magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) are a recently proposed dark-matter candidate consistent with the Standard Model and with Tatsumi’s theory of quark-nugget cores in magnetars. Previous publications have covered their formation in the early universe, aggregation into a broad mass distribution before they can decay by the weak force, interaction with normal matter through their magnetopause, and a first observation consistent MQNs: a nearly tangential impact limiting their surface-magnetic-field parameter Bo from Tatsumi’s ~1012+/−1 T to 1.65 × 1012 T +/− 21%. The MQN mass distribution and interaction cross section strongly depend on Bo. Their magnetopause is much larger than their geometric dimensions and can cause sufficient energy deposition to form non-meteorite craters, which are reported approximately annually. We report computer simulations of the MQN energy deposition in water-saturated peat, soft sediments, and granite, and report the results from excavating such a crater. Five points of agreement between observations and hydrodynamic simulations of an MQN impact support this second observation being consistent with MQN dark matter and suggest a method for qualifying additional MQN events. The results also redundantly constrain Bo to ≥ 4 × 1011 T.
Cell-Culture Adaptation of H3N2 Influenza Virus Impacts Acid Stability and Reduces Airborne Transmission in Ferret Model
Authors: Le Sage Valerie , Kormuth Karen A. , Nturibi Eric , Lee Juhye M. , Frizzell Sheila A. , Myerburg Michael M. , Bloom Jesse D. , Lakdawala Seema S.
Published: April 2021

Airborne transmission of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses is the reason for their epidemiological success and public health burden in humans. Efficient airborne transmission of the H1N1 influenza virus relies on the receptor specificity and pH of fusion of the surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA). In this study, we examined the role of HA pH of fusion on transmissibility of a cell-culture-adapted H3N2 virus. Mutations in the HA head at positions 78 and 212 of A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2), which were selected after cell culture adaptation, decreased the acid stability of the virus from pH 5.5 (WT) to pH 5.8 (mutant). In addition, the mutant H3N2 virus replicated to higher titers in cell culture but had reduced airborne transmission in the ferret model. These data demonstrate that, like H1N1 HA, the pH of fusion for H3N2 HA is a determinant of efficient airborne transmission. Surprisingly, noncoding regions of the NA segment can impact the pH of fusion of mutant viruses. Taken together, our data confirm that HA acid stability is an important characteristic of epidemiologically successful human influenza viruses and is influenced by HA/NA balance.
A “Drug-Dependent” Immune System Can Compromise Protection against Infection: The Relationships between Psychostimulants and HIV
Authors: Assis María Amparo , Carranza Pedro Gabriel , Ambrosio Emilio
Published: April 2021

Psychostimulant use is a major comorbidity in people living with HIV, which was initially explained by them adopting risky behaviors that facilitate HIV transmission. However, the effects of drug use on the immune system might also influence this phenomenon. Psychostimulants act on peripheral immune cells even before they reach the central nervous system (CNS) and their effects on immunity are likely to influence HIV infection. Beyond their canonical activities, classic neurotransmitters and neuromodulators are expressed by peripheral immune cells (e.g., dopamine and enkephalins), which display immunomodulatory properties and could be influenced by psychostimulants. Immune receptors, like Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on microglia, are modulated by cocaine and amphetamine exposure. Since peripheral immunocytes also express TLRs, they may be similarly affected by psychostimulants. In this review, we will summarize how psychostimulants are currently thought to influence peripheral immunity, mainly focusing on catecholamines, enkephalins and TLR4, and shed light on how these drugs might affect HIV infection. We will try to shift from the classic CNS perspective and adopt a more holistic view, addressing the potential impact of psychostimulants on the peripheral immune system and how their systemic effects could influence HIV infection.
A Potential SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Interest (VOI) Harboring Mutation E484K in the Spike Protein Was Identified within Lineage B.1.1.33 Circulating in Brazil
Authors: Resende Paola Cristina , Gräf Tiago , Paixão Anna Carolina Dias , Appolinario Luciana , Lopes Renata Serrano , Mendonça Ana Carolina da Fonseca , da Rocha Alice Sampaio Barreto , Motta Fernando Couto , Neto Lidio Gonçalves Lima , Khouri Ricardo , de Oliveira Camila I. , Santos-Muccillo Pedro , Bezerra João Felipe , Teixeira Dalane Loudal Florentino , Riediger Irina , Debur Maria do Carmo , Ribeiro-Rodrigues Rodrigo , Leite Anderson Brandao , do Santos Cliomar Alves , Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer , Fernandes Sandra Bianchini , Bernardes André Felipe Leal , Cavalcanti Andrea Cony , Miyajima Fábio , Sachhi Claudio , Mattos Tirza , da Costa Cristiano Fernandes , Delatorre Edson , Wallau Gabriel L. , Naveca Felipe G. , Bello Gonzalo , Siqueira Marilda Mendonça
Published: April 2021

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Brazil was dominated by two lineages designated as B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33. The two SARS-CoV-2 variants harboring mutations at the receptor-binding domain of the Spike (S) protein, designated as lineages P.1 and P.2, evolved from lineage B.1.1.28 and are rapidly spreading in Brazil. Lineage P.1 is considered a Variant of Concern (VOC) because of the presence of multiple mutations in the S protein (including K417T, E484K, N501Y), while lineage P.2 only harbors mutation S:E484K and is considered a Variant of Interest (VOI). On the other hand, epidemiologically relevant B.1.1.33 deriving lineages have not been described so far. Here we report the identification of a new SARS-CoV-2 VOI within lineage B.1.1.33 that also harbors mutation S:E484K and was detected in Brazil between November 2020 and February 2021. This VOI displayed four non-synonymous lineage-defining mutations (NSP3:A1711V, NSP6:F36L, S:E484K, and NS7b:E33A) and was designated as lineage N.9. The VOI N.9 probably emerged in August 2020 and has spread across different Brazilian states from the Southeast, South, North, and Northeast regions.
Analysis of the Intake Locations of Salinity Gradient Plants Using Hydrodynamic and Membrane Models
Authors: Salamanca Jacobo M. , Álvarez-Silva Oscar , Higgins Aldemar , Tadeo Fernando
Published: April 2021

The gain in net power produced by Salinity Gradient plants in river mouths due to the optimal location of water intakes is analysed in this paper. More precisely, this work focuses on stratified river mouths and the membrane-based technology of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis. A methodology for this analysis is proposed and then applied to a case study in Colombia. Temperature, salinity and water discharge data were gathered at the Magdalena river mouth to develop a hydrodynamic model that represents the salinity profile along the river channel. The net power production of a pressure-retarded osmosis plant is then estimated based on the power produced at membrane level, considering different locations for the saltwater and freshwater intakes. The most adequate locations for the intakes are then deduced by balancing higher power production (due to higher salinity differences between the water intakes) with lower pumping costs (due to shorter pumping distances from the intakes). For the case study analysed, a gain of 14% can be achieved by carefully selecting the water intakes.
Estimation of the Deep Geothermal Reservoir Temperature of the Thermal Waters of the Active Continental Margin (Okhotsk Sea Coast, Far East of Asia)
Authors: Bragin Ivan V. , Zippa Elena V. , Chelnokov George A. , Kharitonova Natalia A.
Published: April 2021

Low-enthalpy thermal waters (30–70 °C) with nitrogen as a dominant associated gas are spread within the active continental margin of the Russian Far East (east and north of the Okhotsk Sea Coast) and traditionally are of great importance for recreation and balneology facilities. The thermal waters are chemically classified into three groups: (i) Na–HCO3(SO4) type, with low TDS (0.2 g/L) and lowest temperature (<50 °C) and high pH (9.1–9.3), (ii) Na–SO4 type with TDS (~1 g/L), highest temperature (70 °C) and weak alkaline pH (8.7) and (iii) Ca–Na–Cl type with high TDS (15 g/L), moderate T (59 °C) and neutral pH (7.5). The δ18O and δD values suggest that the thermal waters originate from meteoric water, and they are not isotopically fractionated. Silica and cation geothermometers and thermodynamic equilibrium calculations using the GeoT and PHREEQC programs indicate a reservoir temperature for the Na–HCO3(SO4) type thermal waters of 103–121 °C and for Na–SO4 and Ca–Na–Cl types of 136 and 153 °C, respectively. The evaluation of the mixing degree of the thermal water with cold groundwater shows that the equilibration temperature ranges between 148 and 153 °C. Estimated circulation depths for thermal manifestations range from 2.7 to 4.3 km and may be as great as 6 km.
Ecological Degradation of the Yangtze and Nile Delta-Estuaries in Response to Dam Construction with Special Reference to Monsoonal and Arid Climate Settings
Authors: Chen Zhongyuan , Xu Hao , Wang Yanna
Published: April 2021

This study reviews the monsoonal Yangtze and the arid Nile deltas with the objective of understanding how the process–response between river-basin modifications and delta-estuary ecological degradation are interrelated under contrasting hydroclimate dynamics. Our analysis shows that the Yangtze River had a long-term stepwise reduction in sediment and silicate fluxes to estuary due to dam construction since the 1960s, especially after the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) closed in 2003. By contrast, the Nile had a drastic reduction of sediment, freshwater, and silicate fluxes immediately after the construction of the Aswan High Dam (AHD) in 1964. Seasonal rainfall in the mid-lower Yangtze basin (below TGD) complemented riverine materials to its estuary, but little was available to the Nile coast below the AHD in the hyper-arid climate setting. Nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fluxes in both river basins have increased because of the overuse of N- and P-fertilizer, land-use changes, urbanization, and industrialization. Nutrient ratios (N:P:Si) in both delta-estuaries was greatly altered, i.e., Yangtze case: 75:1:946 (1960s–1970s), 86:1:272 (1980s–1990s) and 102:1:75 (2000s–2010s); and Nile case: 6:1:32 (1960s–1970s), 8:1:9 (1980s–1990s), and 45:1:22 (2013), in the context of the optimum of Redfield ratio (N:P:Si = 16:1:16). This led to an ecological regime shift evidenced by a long-term change in phytoplankton communities in the Yangtze estuary, where silicious algae tended to lose dominance since the end of the 1990s, when more toxic dinoflagellates began to emerge. In the Nile estuary, such a regime shift was indicated by the post-dam dramatic reduction in zooplankton standing crop and fish landings until the early 2000s when biological recovery occurred due to nutrient inputs from anthropogenic sources. Although the Yangtze had higher human impacts than the Nile in terms of population, industrialization, and fertilizer application, N concentrations in the Nile estuarine waters surpassed the Yangtze in recent decades. However, eutrophication in the Yangtze estuary is much more intensive than in the Nile, leading to the likelihood of its estuarine water becoming more acidic than ever before. Therefore, ecological degradation in both delta-estuaries does not follow a linear trajectory, due not only to different climate dynamics but also to human forcings. The comparative insights of this study should be incorporated into future integrated coastal management of these two important systems.
On the Evolution of Different Types of Green Water Events
Authors: Fontes Jassiel V. H. , Hernández Irving D. , Mendoza Edgar , Silva Rodolfo , Brandão da Silva Eliana , Rocha de Sousa Matheus , Gonzaga José , Kamezaki Raíssa S. F. , Torres Lizeth , Esperança Paulo T. T.
Published: April 2021

Green water events may present different features in the initial stage of interaction with the deck of a structure. It is therefore important to investigate the evolution of different types of green water, since not all the events interact with the deck at the same time. In this paper, the evolution of three types of green water events (dam-break, plunging-dam-break, and hammer-fist) are studied. The water surface elevations and volumes over the deck in consecutive green water events, generated by incident [wave trains in a wave flume, were analyzed using image-based methods. The results show multiple-valued water surface elevations in the early stage of plunging-dam-break and hammer-fist type events. Detailed experimental measurements of this stage are shown for the first time. The effect of wave steepness on the duration of the events, maximum freeboard exceedance, and volumes were also investigated. Although the hammer-fist type showed high freeboard exceedances, the plunging-dam-break type presented the largest volumes over the deck. Some challenges for further assessments of green water propagation are reported.
Baimės atmosfera ir (ne)saugūs namai: (i)migrantų iš Lietuvos Norvegijoje atvejis
Authors: Daukšas Darius
Published: April 2021

The Climate of Fear and (Un)Safe Home: The Case of Lithuanian
(Im)Migrants in Norway

Based on data from fieldwork carried out in Norway, in 2017, the article discusses
the climate of fear that (im)migrants from Lithuania confront. (Im)
migrants’ experience is based on their own experiences and on the public
discourse about children allegedly taken away by the Norwegian Child
Welfare Services. This has created a climate of fear. Using data from fieldwork
conducted in one of the cities in northern Norway, the article reveals
(im)migrant strategies and their attitudes to living in this atmosphere.

Key words: migration, identity, emotions, Lithuanians in Norway.
Improved stability performance of a feedback active noise control using a Steiglitz-McBride adaptive notch filter and robust secondary path identification based on variable step size Griffiths LMS algorithm
Authors: Roopa S. , Narasimhan S.V.
Published: April 2021

A stable feedback active noise control (FBANC) system with an improved performance in a broadband disturbance environment is proposed in this article. This is achieved by using a Steiglitz-McBride adaptive notch filter (SM-ANF) and robust secondary path identification (SPI) both based
on variable step size Griffiths least mean square (LMS) algorithm. The broadband disturbance severely affects not only FBANC input synthesized but also the SPI.TheSM-ANFestimated signal has narrowband component that is utilized for the FBANC input synthesis. Further, the SM-ANF error has broadband
component utilized to get the desired signal for SPI. The use of variable step size Griffiths gradient LMS algorithm for SPI enables the removal of broadband disturbance and non-stationary disturbance from the available desired signal for better SPI. For a narrowband noise field, the proposed
FBANC improves the convergence rate significantly (20 times) and the noise reduction from 10 dB to 15 dB (50%improvement) over the conventional FBANC (without SM-ANF and variable step size Griffiths LMS adaptation for SPI).
Binaural speech-to-noise loudness ratio at the speech reception threshold in vehicles
Authors: Samardzic Nilolina , Moore Brian C.J.
Published: April 2021

Traditional methods for predicting the intelligibility of speech in the presence of noise inside a vehicle, such as the Articulation Index (AI), the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), and the Speech Transmission Index (STI), are not accurate, probably because they do not take binaural
listening into account; the signals reaching the two ears can differ markedly depending on the positions of the talker and listener. We propose a new method for predicting the intelligibility of speech in a vehicle, based on the ratio of the binaural loudness of the speech to the binaural
loudness of the noise, each calculated using the method specified in ISO 532-2 (2017). The method was found to give accurate predictions of the speech reception threshold (SRT) measured under a variety of conditions and for different positions of the talker and listener in a car. The typical
error in the predicted SRT was 1.3 dB, which is markedly smaller than estimated using the SII and STI (2.0 dB and 2.1 dB, respectively).
Futebol televisivo e práticas de sociabilidade em rede
Authors:   , Bastos Antonio Edson Alcântara
Published: April 2021

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal investigar criticamente as práticas de sociabilidade relacionadas a experiência do futebol televisivo e desenroladas em espaços digitais. Para tanto, acionamos um debate teórico calcado, inicialmente, em três conceitos capazes de tematizar esse falar sobre o futebol: a conversação em rede e a Social TV, atreladas ao digital e pensadas de maneira integrada; e aquilo que Eco (1984) chamou de falação esportiva, concepção que se volta para dimensões discursivas dessas práticas e que dá ao trabalho os primeiros indícios críticos do processo de racionalização ao qual o esporte é submetido. Passado esse primeiro momento, nos dedicamos a uma análise do que chamamos de dialéticas do futebol televisivo, tensões expressas em diversas pulsões contraditórias típicas da forma moderna do jogo (despretensão lúdica vs institucionalização; teatralidade vs televisualidade; entretenimento vs jornalismo; clubismo vs razoabilidade; entre outras). Ainda nessa esteira, refletimos sobre a dimensão política dos afetos futebolísticos, avançamos no estudo da experiência do futebol televisivo e apontamos problemáticas referentes aos processos de identificação subjetiva nos espaços digitais. Após esse itinerário teórico, retornamos então às referidas práticas de sociabilidade por intermédio de uma apreensão empírica que buscou contextualizar debates desenrolados em respostas de espectadores a publicações, no Twitter, dos perfis de três emissoras de TV por assinatura que trabalham exclusivamente com a editoria esportiva: ESPN Brasil, Esporte Interativo e Fox Sports Brasil. Providos de expressões materiais de novas pulsões dialéticas, concluímos o trabalho constatando que a padronização da experiência do futebol televisivo, tributária do esvaziamento referencial provocado pela referida racionalização do esporte e das suas formas de representação, acaba por se adequar a lógicas de sociabilidade próprias do digital, gerando nos torcedores/espectadores/interagentes novas tensões no trato com a negatividade que emerge de todo processo de identificação (especialmente daqueles de ordem clubística).
Avaliação do preparo de canais mesiais curvos por diferentes sistemas de instrumento único: estudo por microtomografia computadorizada
Authors:   , Bellei Michelle da Conceição
Published: April 2021

Este estudo, por meio de microtomografia computadorizada, avaliou a eficácia de três diferentes instrumentos endodônticos de uso único, quanto ao preparo de canais mesiais curvos de primeiros molares inferiores. Um total de 27 dentes foram distribuídos em três grupos (n = 9), segundo o sistema utilizado na instrumentação: Reciproc® (G1), Reciproc Blue® (G2) e XP-endo Shaper® (G3). Os dentes foram escaneados por micro-CT, antes e após o preparo, para análise da variação do volume e área de superfície, transporte apical e centralização do preparo, e porcentagem de paredes não tocadas. A porcentagem de paredes não tocadas por toda a extensão do canal radicular resultou em uma média semelhante entre os grupos Reciproc e Reciproc Blue (70,75 e 70,24% respectivamente; p > 0,05) e estatisticamente diferentes quando esses grupos foram comparados ao grupo XP-endo Shaper (40,83%), com níveis de significância de p = 0,0298 e p = 0,0315, respectivamente. No terço apical (5 mm), menos paredes foram tocadas pelos grupos Reciproc (53,07%) e Reciproc Blue (59,79%) quando comparados ao grupo XP-endo Shaper (21,06%) (p = 0,0282 e p = 0,0096, respectivamente). Os aumentos de área foram de 40,92% (Reciproc), 41,65% (Reciproc Blue), não havendo diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois grupos (p > 0,05); mas o grupo XP-endo Shaper apresentou, em média, uma área aumentada de 18,74%, demonstrando diferença estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05) em relação aos grupos Reciproc e Reciproc Blue. No terço apical houve aumento da área de 24,96% no grupo Reciproc, de 40,27% no Reciproc Blue, e de 12,05% no grupo XP-endo Shaper, havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos XP-endo Shaper e Reciproc Blue (p = 0,0089). Houve aumento do volume em toda a extensão do canal de 35,14% para o grupo Reciproc, 35,01% para o Reciproc Blue, e 21,10% para o XP-endo Shaper, sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p > 0,05). No terço apical, os aumentos de volumes foram de 23,76%, 33,69% e 29,28% para os grupos Reciproc, Reciproc Blue e XP-endo Shaper, respectivamente, sem diferença estatisticamente significante (p > 0,05). Concluiu-se que os três sistemas produziram aumento de volume semelhantes. Entretanto, o sistema XP-endo Shaper® produziu um menor aumento de área e tocou uma porcentagem maior de paredes do que os sistemas Reciproc® e Reciproc Blue®.
Memoria y resistencia en los relatos de la copla del Valle Calchaquí (Salta, Argentina)
Authors: Paéz María Cecilia , Martínez Alejandro , Riegler Francisco Eduardo , Martínez Zabala Catalina
Published: April 2021

La etnografía en sociedades no-occidentales ha puesto en tensión la concepción naturaleza-cultura, quitándole el carácter de universalidad. En este trabajo nos proponemos explorar los matices que adquiere esta relación a partir de los relatos de la copla, un tipo de narrativa que da cuenta de las maneras de significar y representar el mundo para quienes las producen y reproducen. A los fines de nuestro objetivo trabajamos a partir de un conjunto de coplas procedentes de la zona norte del Valle Calchaquí, específicamente en el departamento de Cachi (Salta) y de entrevistas semiestructuradas, así como de recopilaciones bibliográficas. En algunos casos, personificada, la naturaleza aparece dotada de cualidades de sujeto en la interacción con los humanos. Interpretamos estas características en asociación con las formas de representación de los pueblos indígenas que habitaron la región y que ha quedado plasmada en el registro de las piedras huanca.
Formalization and determination of the protocol correctness for information and technical interaction (on the example of integrated information security system)
Authors: Pokussov V.V.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problem of designing protocols for information and technical interaction, which have a sign of correctness. For this, its model is built in graphical and analytical form, as well as using a modified adjacency matrix. A classification of modules participating in the interaction is proposed, namely the following: terminal sensor and executor, degenerate handler, object storage, intermediate handler. Five correctness requirements for the protocol are introduced: the need and sufficiency of exchange objects, input and output terminality of modules, and their involvement. For each of the requirements, a formal definition is given - in terms of an adjacency matrix, as well as an algorithm for their verification. The synthesized requirements and algorithms are used for the author›s protocol of information and technical interaction in an integrated information security system. As a result, the correctness of the protocol is proved.
Information dualism of the problem of optimum terminal control of dynamic object
Authors: Ivanov V.P.
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the problem of synthesis of terminal control. A functional, a nonlinear mathematical model of a dynamic object, restrictions on the maximum permissible values of control are given. The control law is synthesized. The following statement is proved: the synthesis of the optimal control is carried out using the entire initial mathematical model of the dynamical object, but to calculate the control at any particular moment of time, it is possible to use a reduced (truncated) model, which simplifies the computational algorithms. Thus, there is an informational dualism of the manage- ment task. The approach is an extension of the principle of information redefinition of Yu.B. Germeier to the area of optimal terminal control.
Concepciones sobre el acompañamiento pedagógico de acompañantes de la región Ucayali: Implicancias y aportes de la psicología educacional
Authors: Vásquez Stephanie , Frisancho Susana , La Rosa María Isabel
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio se enmarca en el paradigma cualitativo y tuvo como objetivo explorar las concepciones de un grupo de acompañantes pedagógicos indígenas (cuatro hombres y una mujer), pertenecientes al Programa Estratégico Logros de Aprendizaje (PELA) en escuelas bilingües interculturales de comunidades shipibo-konibo ubicadas en la región Ucayali, en el Perú. Su experiencia docente uctuaba entre los 15 y 25 años de servicio. Como técnica de recolección de información, se realizó una entrevista cualitativa. Los resultados evidencian las concepciones que mantienen los acompañantes sobre el proceso de acompaña-miento y la forma en que caracterizan al docente acompañado. Los participantes conciben el acompañamiento como un proceso directivo, evaluativo y basado en una relación asimétrica entre el acompañante y el docente. Su percepción se cen-tra en las deciencias del docente acompañado, entre las cuales destacan las ca-rencias de la formación inicial, la falta de planicación del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y una actitud negativa y de rechazo hacia el acompañante y hacia el proceso de acompañamiento. Estos resultados se discuten enfatizando el aporte que la psicología puede ofrecer para la mejora del proceso de acompañamiento docente, así como el rol de las estrategias psicopedagógicas para el éxito de las políticas públicas en la formación de acompañantes.
Formación, Motivación y Condiciones Laborales de los Docentes de Primaria en Perú
Authors: Murillo F. Javier , Román Marcela
Published: April 2021

En este artículo, se estudió la situación de los docentes de primaria en Perú en el contexto de América Latina. Para ello, se hace una explotación especial de los datos del Serce focalizado en cinco elementos: características de los docentes, formación, condiciones laborales, distribución de su tiempo y, finalmente, satisfacción. Entre los resultados, sobresalen dos elementos. Por un lado, el Perú es el país cuyos docentes están más insatisfechos con su trabajo, y en mayor proporción les gustaría cambiar de escuela. Por otro, son sus docentes quienes más proporción de tiempo dedican a la docencia directa en el aula y, con ello menos a planificar y preparar clases, corregir, reunirse con sus colegas, entre otros. Por su parte, la evidencia respecto de características, formación, condiciones laborales, señala que ellos se encuentran en una situación promedio en la región. Todo ello lleva a concluir que es necesario que las autoridades educativas y la sociedad en su conjunto confíen más en los docentes y su profesionalidad.
¿Educación intercultural para todos? La experiencia escolar de niños indígenas en tres contextos educativos
Authors: Rosales Elizabeth , Cussianovi Alexandra
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación cualitativa se realizó en el marco del proyecto Niños del Milenio. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la pertinencia de la experiencia escolar de un grupo de estudiantes indígenas de acuerdo a sus características lingüísticas y culturales. La metodología empleada fue un estudio de casos comparativo en tres escuelas públicas en la región Ancash. Para estudiar la pertinencia de la experiencia escolar de los estudiantes, se emplearon tres ejes de análisis: el uso de la lengua originaria en el aula, la incorporación de conocimientos locales en el currículo y la participación comunitaria en el entorno escolar. Los hallazgos nos llevan a sostener que la experiencia escolar de estos niños no se ajusta a sus necesidades lingüísticas ni culturales, y que la participación de la comunidad en la educación se restringe a la intervención de los padres de familia en cuestiones económicas y materiales de la institución escolar.
Leer en línea en el aula
Authors: Cassany Daniel , Vázquez Boris
Published: April 2021

En el marco de la cultura digital, el impacto de las TIC alcanza todos los ámbitos, también el educativo. La introducción de las TIC en el aula viene promovida por programas 1x1 (una computadora por alumno) en todo el mundo. Pese a esto, existen pocos estudios que analicen cómo las TIC alteran las prácticas letradas en el aula. En este artículo, exploramos y examinamos los efectos de las TIC en el contexto de aula: cómo docentes y alumnos leen con sus computadoras y cómo perciben que la lectura en línea reestructura la manera de aprender y crear conocimiento. Con un corpus de 81 entrevistas semiestructuradas, describimos y analizamos las prácticas lectoras contemporáneas de libros de texto digitales, obras literarias, exámenes y otras actividades de evaluación. Este análisis permite dilucidar si el formato en papel sigue dominando las prácticas docentes y lectoras o si, por el contrario, el formato digital gana terreno. En último término, analizamos hasta qué punto lo digital implica innovación pedagógica y metodológica.
Participación escolar y percepción sobre el poder para incidir en la arena pública: el caso de un grupo de estudiantes peruanos graduados de la educación secundaria
Authors: Stojnic Chávez Lars
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo, busco comprobar el efecto que la experiencia escolar de las personas -específicamente, con respecto a su exposición a mecanismos orientados a promover la participación estudiantil en la escuela- podría tener sobre sus niveles de eficacia política interna (dimensión del concepto de eficacia política que da cuenta de las percepciones de la ciudadanía sobre sus posibilidades de ejercer influencia en la esfera pública). Recogí la información a través de la aplicación de una encuesta a una muestra de estudiantes que acababan de terminar la escuela secundaria en el Perú y para el análisis aproveché modelos de regresión múltiple. Los resultados muestran que la exposición a mecanismos de participación escolar no tendría influencia sobre el nivel de eficacia política interna del grupo analizado. Sin embargo, dicho aspecto de la experiencia escolar sí tendría un efecto positivo y significativo en el interés político de los estudiantes, variable que demostró ser la única que ejercía influencia positiva y significativa en su auto percepción de ser sujetos con la capacidad de ejercer influencia en la esfera pública. Pese a que estos resultados no se pueden generalizar, porque la investigación se centra en una población de estudiantes con características socio demográficas, escolares y familiares particulares, los hallazgos son un aporte en la medida en que brindan evidencias sobre el posible efecto indirecto - a través de su efecto en el interés político - que pudiera tener la exposición de estudiantes a mecanismos de participación escolar con respecto a su auto reconocimiento como sujetos de poder desde una perspectiva democrática.
MODEL DINAMIKA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT CAMPAK DENGAN PENGARUH MIGRASI DAN PENAMBAHAN IMUNISASI
Authors: Fatmawati Ainun , Aju Lisnawati R. , Malango Ristina
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the dynamics of the spread of measles with the effect of giving and adding immunization. To analyze the results, a fixed point was determined to be disease-free and endemic. The analysis was carried out by considering the basic reproduction number (R0). In the analysis of the results obtained conditions R01 which indicates that the spread of measles can be prevented. By practicing and adding immunizations, the value of the numerals will be smaller, which indicates the reduction in the population.