bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
« Is there a Doctor in the HOUSE ? » : les séries télévisées médicales face au monde réel
Authors: Tytell Pamela
Published: July 2016

En dépit des exagérations et des raccourcis, les séries télévisées américaines récentes présentent le monde médical à travers une mise en scène réaliste et efficace qui met l’accent sur les détails et la vraisemblance. Des médecins collaborent à chaque scénario, les internautes traquent des erreurs et les acteurs exécutent les gestes techniques avec une précision qui impressionne les spécialistes les plus exigeants. Le succès de la série House, M.D. s’explique par l’identification à l’antihéros, l’utilisation des effets spéciaux et une façon d’aborder la maladie et les traitements qui rappelle « la télévision éducative » (educational television), telle qu’elle est pratiquée aux Etats-Unis. David Shore n’a rien laissé au hasard. Il a mélangé deux genres : la série médicale et la série policière pour aboutir à un « hospital whodunit » où le Dr. Gregory House agit comme le détective de fiction Sherlock Holmes. D’ailleurs, il y a beaucoup de références aux œuvres d’Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle dans House, M.D. Après avoir énuméré les raisons du succès de cette série, j’évoque certains comportements des téléspectateurs, notamment leur perception du monde médical. Certains croient que tout se passe comme à la télévision ; ils ont une vision fausse du fonctionnement des hôpitaux. J’étudie également les similarités entre la vie des comédiens et celle des personnages qu’ils incarnent dans ces séries médicales.
Desperate Housewives – fiction de toutes les fictions
Authors: Cros Renan
Published: July 2016

Fiction de toutes les fictions, Desperate Housewives, entre ironie et empathie, accumule et désarticule les codes du soap opera pour mettre sur l’écran l’imaginaire d’une nation. À partir d’un récit balisé, la série fait de la répétition un mode de lecture. Répétition des situations mais aussi répétition de fictions préexistantes, Desperate Housewives fait du feuilleton l’art de la répétition en célébrant la culture populaire américaine.
Lost in Lost : Entre quotidien anodin et déstabilisation fantastique, entre réalité alternative et fiction collective
Authors: Hatchuel Sarah
Published: July 2016

Cette communication prolongera les réflexions sur les procédés narratifs de Lost, qui brouillent les limites entre le « réel » et le fantastique. Il s’agira cette fois-ci d’analyser la stratégie narrative qu’offre la Saison 6 à travers le procédé original du « flash-sideways » (ou « flash-ahead »). Les « flash-sideways » de Lost mettent au défi la compréhension des spectateurs, brouillant tout repère narratif et temporel et incitant à la construction d’une véritable théorie du récit. Les « flash-sideways » oscillent jusqu’au bout entre la construction d’une réalité temporelle alternative (qui fonctionne comme un palimpseste réflexif—la série se réécrivant elle-même) et une fiction collective créée par les personnages eux-mêmes—rêve (ou œuvre d’art) post-mortem où chaque vie devient une mémoire qui ressurgit par bribes, révélant aux protagonistes ce qu’ils ont été, dans une déconstruction (toujours émotionnelle) de la fiction et un rappel de ce que les spectateurs ont eux-mêmes « vécu » depuis six saisons.
Design of WSN in Real Time Application of Health Monitoring System
Authors: Sethi Srinivas , Sahoo Ramesh K.
Published: August 2016

Health monitoring is emerging topic in recent era for safety and healthy public life in remote place. In health monitoring system, sensor devices have major role to collect data, communication and analysis the data for real time applications, such as automation of old-age home, industry, ICU, etc. It can measure different parameters of the body through different physiological body sensors. The body sensors can be used to sense the data from the body and send to the remote system for analysis. The condition of the health of a body can be analyzed and monitor remotely by using concept of body sensors in health monitoring system through different communication media, such as WiFi, ZigBee, etc. The parameter values of body can be transmitted to remote data centre with reliability, simplicity, low power, low bandwidth and low cost, in lightweight wireless networks. This may be used in real time application like; emotion and stress analysis, psychological study, physiological study, health condition, etc.
Energy Efficient Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN)
Authors: Maiti Prasenjit , Addya Sourav Kanti , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Turuk Ashok Kumar
Published: August 2016

Healthcare expenses are a growing concern in most countries. This has forced medical researchers to look for trusted and ambulatory health monitoring of patient's vital signs. The objective is to reduce patient visits and the use of medical and support staff for frequent examinations. Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) consist of implanted, or worn, tiny health monitoring sensor nodes so that the vital body parameters and the movements of the patient can be recorded and communicated to the medical facilities for processing, diagnosis and prescription. WBAN is required to have small form and low power consumption. Reducing energy consumption of the sensor and communication equipment is one of the key research areas. It is also important for WBAN be secure, protected and reliable. Failure to acquire authentic and correct medical data may prevent a patient from being treated effectively, or even lead to wrong treatments. As patient identity can be obtained by correlating physiological information, privacy concerns must be addressed for wide acceptance of the technology. While security is paramount, the cost of implementing security techniques in WBAN may be prohibitive. It, therefore, becomes necessary to find cryptographic solutions that consume less energy. Research efforts are being made to reduce the cost of cryptography used in WBAN. In this paper authors discuss the current and future security solutions for low energy WBAN.
Effects of Spin Orbit Interaction on Optical Properties for Quantum Dot and Quantum Wire
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Jha Pradip Kumar , Bhattacherjee Aranya B.
Published: August 2016

Here, the influence of external magnetic field on the optical absorption and refractive index changes for a parabolically confined quantum dot in the presence of Rashba spin orbit interaction have been investigated. The results are presented as a function of quantum confinement potential, magnetic field, Rashba spin orbit interaction strength and photon energy. Our results indicate the important influence of magnetic field on the peak positions of absorption coefficient and refractive index changes. For Quantum Wire, the energy dispersion relations are studied of the spin split subbands subjected to external transverse electric and magnetic fields in the presence of Rashba spin orbit interaction. For an infinite superlattice wire, it is found that the energy gaps between different subbands are shifted due to Rashba spin orbit interaction and external electric field. Here we have also investigated the influence of external electric field and magnetic field on the optical absorption of a parabolic confinement wire.
The Business of Advocacy
Authors: Pillay Kiru , Maharaj Manoj
Published: July 2016

Online advocacy is big business. Online advocacy organisations need to structure themselves along business lines for fund raising, and to strategically utilise their online and traditional resources to achieve their goals. The growing influence of civil society organisations has been fuelled largely by an increase and ubiquity of emerging technologies. There is no evidence of a detailed analysis of social media led advocacy campaigns in the literature. The global environmental justice organisation, Greenpeace is used as a case study. The rise of online social media has provided the organisation with an alternative to traditional mass media. There have been some notable successes for Greenpeace. The most recent of which has been its efforts to halt the drilling for oil in the Arctic. Equally the Greenpeace campaigns have sometimes provoked the public ire, for example in their miscalculation of the fallout over their recent Nazca plains intrusion. It is clear that to attain any level of success the organisation needs to structure itself on sound business principles and strategies.
The Role of Social Media in Shaping Marketing Strategies in the Airline Industry
Authors: Akçay Deniz
Published: July 2016

Tourism is one of the leading sectors based on other people's views and comments found on the Internet. Prior to deciding where they would like to go, individuals obtain information about the travel agencies they will use, the hotels they will stay at and the regions they would like to visit, plus the views and experiences of others in terms of these issues, which are largely shared via social media environments. Accordingly, it has become a necessity for establishments to follow the main social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and so on, and develop their goods and services in line with the comments shared on these platforms. In this study, how national and international airline companies implement the 4Ps of marketing (product, price, place, promotion) in social media environments is investigated through examples and analysed through data obtained via interviews.
21st Century Conflict
Authors: Athul M. A.
Published: August 2016

Warfare has evolved rapidly in the first few years of the 21st century. There are stark differences with conventional mode of warfare, which was the de facto mode for much of 20th century, and today's asymmetric warfare. In the conventional mode of warfare, if winning and losing a war could be defined by the traditional yard sticks of number of enemy dead, how much area of land occupied and number of prisoners taken, today these yardsticks no longer us get a clear picture of who is winning or losing it.
CMOS Image Sensor
Authors: Marzuki Arjuna
Published: August 2016

In the image sensing optical receiver, such as CMOS Image Sensors (CIS), in general, comprise of photodiode and analog-mixed -signal circuits to amplify small photocurrent into digital signals. The CMOS image sensors are now the technology of choice for most imaging applications, such as digital video cameras, scanner and numerous other. Even though their sensitivity does not reach the one of the best actual CCD's (whose fill factor is about 100%), they are now commonly used because of their multiple functionalities and their easy fabrication. CMOS analog-mixed -signal circuits play a very important role for CMOS image sensors. This chapter will present the recent works on the CMOS analog-mixed -signal circuit for image sensing application, particularly for device related to machine vision application. A review of designing aspect of CIS are done. A proposed light integrating CIS was developed and measured.
Social Network Synthesis
Authors: Uça-Güneş E. Pınar , Eby Gülsün
Published: August 2016

Distance Education is more preferable by both learners and institutions in the 21st century. The technology, teaching-learning and communication processes are in a change that each stakeholder should comply with. One up-to-date form of these processes is social networking. Social networks have the potential of providing access to more resources and improving the quality of communication and interaction. Social Network Analysis and Network Weaving approaches are useful to determine the social network structure and improve it. Further to that, in this chapter, “Social Network Synthesis” approach is introduced, obtained by applying synthesis process on Social Network Theory. The approach is thought to allow for the establishment of optimum relationships between the concerned actors in a newly configured goal-directed social network. An illustrative framework that can be used for building Distance Education programs is also presented.
An Exploratory Analysis of TPACK Perceptions of Pre-Service Science Teachers
Authors: Reyes Jr. Vicente Chua , Reading Christine , Rizk Nadya , Gregory Sue , Doyle Helen
Published: July 2016

Four distinct constructs were identified from a survey of a sample of pre-service science teachers at a regional Australian University. The constructs emerged after employing Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) on respondents' perceptions of pedagogical practices incorporating the use of Information Communication and Technology (ICT). The key components of the survey were derived from a Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) survey developed for a national project. For future investigations of TPACK application in university contexts, a four-construct configuration of pre-service teacher TPACK perceptions is proposed requiring empirical confirmation. This inquiry depicts a portrait of emerging domains of TPACK. The relevance of the findings and their implications for universities that rely heavily on ICT in the delivery of are discussed, especially in relation to improving teaching practices.
Pre-Service Teachers, Computers, and ICT Courses
Authors: Fokides Emmanuel
Published: July 2016

The study presents the results of a four-year long survey among pre-service teachers, examining factors which influence their knowledge and skills on computers, as well as factors which contribute to shaping their perceived computer competency. Participants were seven hundred fifty-four senior students, at the Department of Primary School Education, University of the Aegean. Results analyses, using multiple linear regression, indicate that pre-service teachers do not actually know much about computers and that they base their perceived competence on computers mainly on how skilled they believe they are in office applications. Results also indicated that the number of ICT related courses students attended contributed, to some extent, in knowledge acquisition but did not influence their perceived computer competency. Based on the results, recommendations are made in order/so as pre-service teachers to be more adequately prepared to meet the challenges of using ICT at school.
The Role of Education in Breaking the Nexus between e-Marketing and Online Fraud
Authors: Sofo Francesco , Sofo Michelle
Published: July 2016

The world of marketing has changed through the incorporation of electronic means through which new customers and new markets can be reached. As a result, the world of trade and commerce has been revolutionized, revealing new and sometimes less scrupulous ways of dealing in an online marketplace. The article provides three Australian examples (each featuring a nexus between e-marketing and fraudulent online transactions) in order to gain a deeper appreciation of the darker side that exists to e-marketing. It also explores education and adult learning as means of raising awareness and skills in dealing with harmful e-marketing practices found in occurrences such as Internet fraud.
A Framework for Using Crowdsourcing in Government
Authors: Clark Benjamin Y. , Zingale Nicholas , Logan Joseph , Brudney Jeffrey
Published: July 2016

Crowdsourcing is a concept in which the crowd is used as a source of labor, idea generation, or problem identification. Crowdsourcing originated in the private sector; though with any good private sector practice it is increasingly being utilized in government. This paper provides an overview of the concept of crowdsourcing, gives examples of its use in the private and public sectors, and develops a framework for how governments can begin to strategize and think about crowdsourcing to solve problems when engaging with citizens. The authors' framework is illustrated with a number of cases from current or past uses of crowdsourcing in government. They conclude with important considerations about how governments should strategize their crowdsourcing efforts.
The text-critical and exegetical value of the Dead Sea Scrolls
Authors: Cook Johann
Published: July 2016

This article will analyse a number of Dead Sea manuscripts and/or fragments in order to determine their linguistic and exegetical value. The article will, firstly, address textual material that is largely in agreement with the Massoretic Text – 1QIsaa is a case in point. Secondly, fragmentsthat are seemingly less relevant will be discussed. The less helpful fragments from the Biblical books Proverbs and Job are taken as examples. Finally, highly significant textual differences, such as a fragment from Genesis 1 and one from the complicated books of Jeremiah, will be evaluated.
Groundwater stable isotope profile of the Etosha National Park, Namibia
Authors: Riddell Edward S. , Kilian Werner , Versfeld Wilferd , Kosoana Martin
Published: July 2016

The Etosha National Park (ENP) is a large protected area in northern Namibia. While the ENP has received a lot of research attention in terms of terrestrial ecosystem process understanding in recent decades, aquatic and hydrological research has to date been limited to a descriptive form. This study provides a baseline hydrological data set of the spatial representation of Oand H-isotope ratios in the groundwater at a park scale, with a focus on three water point types utilised by game, namely natural artesian and contact springs as well as artificial boreholes. The data are used to infer broad-scale hydrological process from groundwater recharge mechanisms dominated by direct rainfall recharge in the west of the ENP to evaporative controls on surface water recharge pathways in the east of the ENP close to Fishers Pan. The findings are used to recommend further targeted research and monitoring to aid management of water resources in the ENP.Conservation implications: The terrestrial ecosystem, particularly large game, are tightly coupled to the distribution of available surface water in the ENP, notably contact and artesian springs. Within the ENP there is a perceived desiccation of these springs. This study provides a baseline upon which more comprehensive studies should be undertaken to differentiate natural from anthropogenic causes for this phenomenon.
Language as a barrier to ministry of the Word with special reference to sign language in ministry: Human dignity perspective
Authors: Modise Leepo J.
Published: July 2016

This article is born out of my participation in the General Synod Ministerial Formation for theological training of Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA), when a decision was taken to license a student with a disability to be a minister of the Word in URCSA. Furthermore, my experience and observation of the licensing of the two candidates with hearing impairments to the ministry of the Word and Sacrament in URCSA and Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa (DRCSA) has encouraged me to conduct this research. This article is made up of four important parts: Firstly, the researcher will discuss Belhar Confession as the confession that emphasises unity (inclusivity), reconciliation and justice. Secondly, Belhar Confession and disability from the human dignity perspective will be discussed. Thirdly, the ecclesiological practices and shortcomings from the human dignity perspective will be highlighted. Fourthly, pastoral care as the affirmation of human dignity will be discussed.Interdisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The fields involved in this article are Systematic Theology, Sociology and Psychology. The author challenges classification of people with a disability under the category of limited competence by the Dutch Reformed Church when they license the ministerial candidates. The future results will reveal the inclusivity in terms of licensing and calling of ministers in the Dutch Reformed Church Family. This research calls for the change in the traditional discourse within ecclesiological, sociological and psychological fields, which exclude the people with a disability from the ministry of the Word and Sacraments.
Edificio EEUU 4263. Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Argentina
Authors: Bak Arquitectos Estudio
Published: July 2016

Se trata de un edificio construido en el barrio de Boedo, en un típico lote de 8.66m que presenta la particularidad de que su fondo es colindante con un patio urbano con abundante arbolado, donde funciona una escuela de fútbol y una pequeña plaza. Las vistas a este pulmón verde coinciden con la mejor orientación: el norte.
Edificio residencial en Cureglia. Suiza
Authors: Bonetti Architetti Estudio
Published: July 2016

El solar, una franja triangular de terreno delimitada por el bosque a un lado y por una calle principal al otro, está situado en la cima de una colina en la parte sur del núcleo histórico de Cureglia. Situado en las afueras de la población, define el extremo norte de un promontorio claramente definido. Se programó abrir una puerta de entrada en el muro de contención existente, construido en piedra. Este muro define la relación entre el terreno en pendiente y la carretera principal, y determina el nivel del acceso de vehículos.
Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Binnal Almas , Bastian TS
Published: July 2016

Background

Oral lesions have been reported to be the initial signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection. The main objective of the present study was to observe the prevalence of oral lesions among HIV/AIDS patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods

One hundred and eight HIV/AIDS positive patients were evaluated by a single examiner. Patients’ oral cavity was examined and the various oral manifestations detected were recorded.

Results

The most common extraoral manifestation was lipoatrophy, and intraorally, the most prevalent findings were intraoral pigmentation (42.6%) and candidiasis (27.8%). However, the prevalence of the most commonly associated lesions like Kaposi's sarcoma (1.9%) and linear gingival erythema (2.7%) was less.

Conclusion

Oral lesions are considered to be markers of progression of HIV into the final stage of AIDS. Advent of HAART has shown a significant reduction in the oral lesions and a better quality of life in patients with HIV.

How to cite this article

Denny CE, Ramapuram J, Bastian TS, Ongole R, Binnal A, Natarajan S, Ahmed J. Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. Word J Dent 2016;7(2):95-99.
Conditions for super-adiabatic droplet growth after entrainment mixing
Authors: Yang Fan , Shaw Raymond , Xue Huiwen
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Cloud droplet response to entrainment and mixing between a cloud and its environment is considered, accounting for subsequent droplet growth during adiabatic ascent following a mixing event. The vertical profile for liquid water mixing ratio after a mixing event is derived analytically, allowing the reduction to be predicted from the mixing fraction and from the temperature and humidity for both the cloud and environment. It is derived for the limit of homogeneous mixing. The expression leads to a critical height above the mixing level: at the critical height the cloud droplet radius is the same for both mixed and unmixed parcels, and the critical height is independent of the updraft velocity and mixing fraction. Cloud droplets in a mixed parcel are larger than in an unmixed parcel above the critical height, which we refer to as the “super-adiabatic” growth region. Analytical results are confirmed with a bin microphysics cloud model. Using the model, we explore the effects of updraft velocity, aerosol source in the environmental air, and polydisperse cloud droplets. Results show that the mixed parcel is more likely to reach the super-adiabatic growth region when the environmental air is humid and clean. It is also confirmed that the analytical predictions are matched by the volume-mean cloud droplet radius for polydisperse size distributions. The findings have implications for the origin of large cloud droplets that may contribute to onset of collision–coalescence in warm clouds.
Technical note: 3-hourly temporal downscaling of monthly global terrestrial
biosphere model net ecosystem exchange
Authors: Fisher Joshua B. , Sikka Munish , Huntzinger Deborah N. , Schwalm Christopher , Liu Junjie
Published: July 2016

Abstract. The land surface provides a boundary condition to atmospheric forward and flux inversion models. These models require prior estimates of CO2 fluxes at relatively high temporal resolutions (e.g., 3-hourly) because of the high frequency of atmospheric mixing and wind heterogeneity. However, land surface model CO2 fluxes are often provided at monthly time steps, typically because the land surface modeling community focuses more on time steps associated with plant phenology (e.g., seasonal) than on sub-daily phenomena. Here, we describe a new dataset created from 15 global land surface models and 4 ensemble products in the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP), temporally downscaled from monthly to 3-hourly output. We provide 3-hourly output for each individual model over 7 years (2004–2010), as well as an ensemble mean, a weighted ensemble mean, and the multi-model standard deviation. Output is provided in three different spatial resolutions for user preferences: 0.5°  ×  0.5°, 2.0°  ×  2.5°, and 4.0°  ×  5.0° (latitude  ×  longitude). These data are publicly available from doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1315.
Improved large-scale hydrological modelling through the assimilation of streamflow and downscaled satellite soil moisture observations
Authors: López López Patricia , Wanders Niko , Schellekens Jaap , Renzullo Luigi J. , Sutanudjaja Edwin H. , Bierkens Marc F. P.
Published: July 2016

Abstract. The coarse spatial resolution of global hydrological models (typically  >  0.25°) limits their ability to resolve key water balance processes for many river basins and thus compromises their suitability for water resources management, especially when compared to locally tuned river models. A possible solution to the problem may be to drive the coarse-resolution models with locally available high-spatial-resolution meteorological data as well as to assimilate ground-based and remotely sensed observations of key water cycle variables. While this would improve the resolution of the global model, the impact of prediction accuracy remains largely an open question. In this study, we investigate the impact of assimilating streamflow and satellite soil moisture observations on the accuracy of global hydrological model estimations, when driven by either coarse- or high-resolution meteorological observations in the Murrumbidgee River basin in Australia. To this end, a 0.08° resolution version of the PCR-GLOBWB global hydrological model is forced with downscaled global meteorological data (downscaled from 0.5° to 0.08° resolution) obtained from the WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA-Interim (WFDEI) and a local high-resolution, gauging-station-based gridded data set (0.05°). Downscaled satellite-derived soil moisture (downscaled from  ∼  0.5° to 0.08° resolution) from the remote observation system AMSR-E and streamflow observations collected from 23 gauging stations are assimilated using an ensemble Kalman filter. Several scenarios are analysed to explore the added value of data assimilation considering both local and global meteorological data. Results show that the assimilation of soil moisture observations results in the largest improvement of the model estimates of streamflow. The joint assimilation of both streamflow and downscaled soil moisture observations leads to further improvement in streamflow simulations (20 % reduction in RMSE). Furthermore, results show that the added contribution of data assimilation, for both soil moisture and streamflow, is more pronounced when the global meteorological data are used to force the models. This is caused by the higher uncertainty and coarser resolution of the global forcing. We conclude that it is possible to improve PCR-GLOBWB simulations forced by coarse-resolution meteorological data with assimilation of downscaled spaceborne soil moisture and streamflow observations. These improved model results are close to the ones from a local model forced with local meteorological data. These findings are important in light of the efforts that are currently made to move to global hyper-resolution modelling and can help to advance this research.
Archie's law – a reappraisal
Authors: Glover Paul W. J.
Published: July 2016

Abstract. When scientists apply Archie's first law they often include an extra parameter a, which was introduced about 10 years after the equation's first publication by Winsauer et al. (1952), and which is sometimes called the “tortuosity” or “lithology” parameter. This parameter is not, however, theoretically justified. Paradoxically, the Winsauer et al. (1952) form of Archie's law often performs better than the original, more theoretically correct version. The difference in the cementation exponent calculated from these two forms of Archie's law is important, and can lead to a misestimation of reserves by at least 20 % for typical reservoir parameter values. We have examined the apparent paradox, and conclude that while the theoretical form of the law is correct, the data that we have been analysing with Archie's law have been in error. There are at least three types of systematic error that are present in most measurements: (i) a porosity error, (ii) a pore fluid salinity error, and (iii) a temperature error. Each of these systematic errors is sufficient to ensure that a non-unity value of the parameter a is required in order to fit the electrical data well. Fortunately, the inclusion of this parameter in the fit has compensated for the presence of the systematic errors in the electrical and porosity data, leading to a value of cementation exponent that is correct. The exceptions are those cementation exponents that have been calculated for individual core plugs. We make a number of recommendations for reducing the systematic errors that contribute to the problem and suggest that the value of the parameter a may now be used as an indication of data quality.
The Sense of Two Endings: How Virgil and Statius Conclude
Authors: Putnam Michael C. J.
Published: August 2016

This essay examines the relationship between the conclusions of Virgil’s Aeneid and the Thebaid of Statius. Its argument centers on the later poet’s elimination of eroticism and emphasis on clementia. Virgil’s Dido and Pallas are replaced by Parthenopaeus, and private violence yields to universal mourning. In conclusion I propose a linkage between Parthenopaeus, Parthenope, and the two poets, each with special connections to the Siren’s city.
Adult mental health services and the collaboration with child protection services
Authors: Lauritzen Camilla , Reedtz Charlotte
Published: August 2016

Parental mental illness may increase the likelihood of neglect and abuse, and is also a potent risk factor in terms of offspring developing mental health problems themselves. Collaboration between the adult mental health services (AMHS) and the child protection services (CPS) has the potential of reducing risk for the children, by using family supporting interventions and making help available at an earlier stage. The aim of this study was to explore the collaboration between the CPS and the AMHS in terms of routines, attitudes and knowledge. Data was gathered using electronic survey questionnaires. Several barriers to inter-service collaboration were identified in this study. Even though adult mental health professionals were positive towards the CPS, they were reluctant to refer cases of concern. They also lacked knowledge about the CPS. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is an unresolved potential for inter-service collaboration involving the children of patients with mental health problems.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 8, No. 4
Authors: Xiao Maple
Published: August 2016

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 8, No. 4, 2016.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 5 No. 4
Authors: Dong Bella
Published: August 2016

Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to jfr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4Ancuta PrisacaruAntonella SantilloBenjamin WoodComan GigiCorina-Aurelia ZugravuEduardo EstevesElke Rauscher-GabernigHaihan ChenIsabela MartinsJoaquin Bautista GallegoLeonardo Martín PérezLuis PatarataMagdalena Polak-BereckaMarta MesiasMiguel EliasMirabela LupuNa-Hyung KimRenuka NayarSefat E KhudaShengfei ZhouSlavica GrujicTinna Austen Ng'ong'olaTzortzis NomikosXinyin JiangYusuf Byenkya Byaruhanga
Adaptive Evaluation of Civil Judgment Recession in Iran and French Law
Authors: Moshayedi Hajar , Khandany Vahid , Karimi Ghavam
Published: August 2016

The main purpose of judgment is to protect the right and performing justice. The judgment is the tool to operate the justice and judge also the same as others is under the failure and fault. If any verdict is released in a judgment result that is accompanied with error, there is no doubt that it should be judged again juristically, therefore to have a vote free of error, the recession of judgment is predicted. Therefore in such condition that the law allows the voting court to be able to release adequate vote by considering the discovered realties about the struggle subject and ignoring previous vote and releasing the new verdict. In this article we try to evaluate and compare the judgment recession in Iran and French law weak and strength points so that if required it is regarded by the respected legislator of that country law.
Penal Measures and Policies Governing the Phenomenon of Human Trafficking with a Look at International Documents
Authors: Purebrahim Ahmad , Goldozian Iraj
Published: August 2016

Human dignity, and respect and commitment to it, is considered as one of fundamental principles of divine religions and international instruments on human rights. Benefit from valuable moral and theological virtues in order to provide of human growth and development exclusively is in the light of fundamental rights and the principle of preserving human dignity. Accordingly, today the concept of human rights and commitment to follow it in the international and national legal systems has a very important position. Rejection of all forms of exploitation humiliation and torture is one of the first underlying layer of human rights which known as negative human rights or social Don'ts. Although as the interpretation of the famous French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in the eighteenth century, human is born free but in the process of social life and adapting to social situations in different ways to be distracted from their pure nature. Countless people in the world today are subject to oppression, even are subject to varying degrees of slavery instances including humiliation and degradation and prostitution. This research attempts to analyze the irreparable consequences of this phenomenon on human society, and also to look beyond national and transnational criminal measures and policies on this phenomenon.
Survey Kinship Status in Human Cloning Considering the Laws in Iran
Authors: Bazi Nasrin , Karimi Ghavam , Atasheneh Mansour
Published: August 2016

Simulation, especially the human generation, is one of the most amazing technologies of Genetics. Human cloning after successful experiments in mammals’ simulation and scientists’ prediction regarding its possibility in the current status of human science has raised up arguments in other fields than the experimental science such as ethics, religion, and laws. There are several perspectives regarding simulation lineage in Iran’s Laws: some believe there is no lineage since it’s not through natural fertilization. Some others believe that if the owner of the cell is masculine, the father, and if it’s feminine, the mother is simulated. And some others consider the parents owner of the cell as simulated parents and the simulated will be twin sibling of the cell’s owner and the carrying mother will be “Mother Rezaee”.
Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis of the Lung: A Review
Authors: Cheng Shaun Kian Hong , Chuah Khoon Leong
Published: July 2016

Described in Japan by Amitani et al in 1992, the entity of idiopathic upper lobe fibrosis was subsequently given the name pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) in the English-speaking world. Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis is believed to be a rare disease characterized by a fibrosing process affecting the pleura and the subpleural lung parenchyma, with a predilection for the upper lobes. Uniquely, the fibrosing process is elastotic in nature, being associated with intra-alveolar fibrosis. The etiology of PPFE is unclear at this juncture, with many cases being considered as idiopathic forms of the disease. Conditions associated with PPFE include infections, bone marrow transplantation, and autoimmunity. In this review, we explore the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features associated with PPFE in light of current understanding of the disease. Recent studies implicated that PPFE may not be as uncommon as claimed. The various differential diagnoses and implications of diagnosing PPFE are discussed.
Immunohistochemistry as a Practical Tool in Molecular Pathology
Authors: Sheffield Brandon S.
Published: July 2016

Context.—Molecular genetics is playing an increasingly important role in patient care and pathology practice. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a valuable and practical tool employed by most pathologists on a regular basis.

Objective.—To highlight select examples of how IHC may be used in the realm of molecular diagnostics.

Data Sources.—Select sources on IHC relating to tumor subtyping, hereditary cancer screening, and treatment-response prediction are reviewed. These represent some of the areas in which IHC can be employed by anatomic pathologists to optimize patient care and further inform molecular testing.

Conclusion.—In the emerging era of personalized medicine, IHC continues to serve a valuable function, complementing and enhancing other molecular techniques.
Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis in Mice by Targeting Hepatic Stellate Cells via Paracrine Mediators
Authors: Chen Lijun , Zhang Chunfeng , Chen Lu , Wang Xiaojun , Xiang Bingyu , Wu Xiaoxing , Guo Yang , Mou Xiaozhou , Yuan Li , Chen Bo , Wang Jinfu , Xiang Charlie
Published: July 2016

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may have potential applications in regenerative medicine for the treatment of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Human menstrual blood is a novel source of MSCs, termed menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). Compared with bone marrow MSCs, MenSCs exhibit a higher proliferation rate and they can be obtained through a simple, safe, painless procedure without ethical concerns. Although the therapeutic efficacy of MenSCs has been explored in some diseases, their effects on liver fibrosis are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of MenSC transplantation in a carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse model of liver fibrosis. These results revealed that MenSCs markedly improved liver function, attenuated collagen deposition, and inhibited activated hepatic stellate cells up to 2 weeks after transplantation. Moreover, tracking of green fluorescent protein-expressing MenSCs demonstrated that transplanted cells migrated to the sites of injury, but few differentiated into functional hepatocyte-like cells. Transwell coculturing experiments also showed that MenSCs suppressed proliferation of LX-2 cells (an immortalized hepatic stellate cell line) through secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6, hepatocyte growth factor, growth-related oncogene, interleukin-8, and osteoprotegerin. Collectively, our results provided preliminary evidence for the antifibrotic capacity of MenSCs in liver fibrosis and suggested that these cells may be an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of CLDs.
Antiparallel protocadherin homodimers use distinct affinity- and specificity-mediating regions in cadherin repeats 1-4
Authors: Nicoludis John M , Vogt Bennett E , Green Anna G , Schärfe Charlotta PI , Marks Debora S , Gaudet Rachelle
Published: July 2016

Protocadherins (Pcdhs) are cell adhesion and signaling proteins used by neurons to develop and maintain neuronal networks, relying on trans homophilic interactions between their extracellular cadherin (EC) repeat domains. We present the structure of the antiparallel EC1-4 homodimer of human PcdhγB3, a member of the γ subfamily of clustered Pcdhs. Structure and sequence comparisons of α, β, and γ clustered Pcdh isoforms illustrate that subfamilies encode specificity in distinct ways through diversification of loop region structure and composition in EC2 and EC3, which contains isoform-specific conservation of primarily polar residues. In contrast, the EC1/EC4 interface comprises hydrophobic interactions that provide non-selective dimerization affinity. Using sequence coevolution analysis, we found evidence for a similar antiparallel EC1-4 interaction in non-clustered Pcdh families. We thus deduce that the EC1-4 antiparallel homodimer is a general interaction strategy that evolved before the divergence of these distinct protocadherin families.
Spectroscopic study of benzothiophene partitioning in sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide micellar media
Authors: Hanif Sadia , Usman Muhammad , Hussain Ajaz , Rasool Nasir , Khan Abbas , Jamal Muhammad Asghar , Elgorban Abdallah Mohamed , Rana Usman Ali
Published: July 2016

This manuscript reports the partitioning of benzothiophene (BNP), a bioactive organic compound, between the aqueous phase and micellar media of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and a cationic surfactant, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Simple and differential UV/visible spectroscopic studies of said systems have been conducted in premicellar and post‐micellar concentration ranges. The experimental results reveal that in the premicellar region, the molecules of BNP get attached with monomeric surfactant molecules, while in the post‐micellar region; they are accommodated within the micelle. The bathochromic shift is observed in the UV/visible spectra of BNP in the presence of both surfactants. The water/micelle partition coefficient (Kx) and binding constant (Kb) were calculated using differential absorption data and subsequently the values of free energy of partition (∆Gp) and free energy of binding (∆Gb) were calculated. The values of Kx show that the solubilization of BNP is more spontaneous and takes place to a greater extent in micellar media of SDS than in CTAB.
Advances for achieving a pathological complete response for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Cui Jian , Fang Hui , Zhang Lin , Wu Yun‐Long , Zhang Hai‐Zeng
Published: July 2016

Neoadjuvant therapy has become the standard of care for locally advanced mid‐low rectal cancer. Pathological complete response (pCR) can be achieved in 12%–38% of patients. Patients with pCR have the most favorable long‐term outcomes. Intensifying neoadjuvant therapy and extending the interval between termination of neoadjuvant treatment and surgery may increase the pCR rate. Growing evidence has raised the issue of whether local excision or observation rather than radical surgery is an alternative for patients who achieve a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant therapy. Herein, we highlight many of the advances and resultant controversies that are likely to dominate the research agenda for pCR of rectal cancer in the modern era.
Absent MicroRNAs in Different Tissues of Patients with Acquired Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Siegismund Christine S. , Rohde Maria , Kühl Uwe , Escher Felicitas , Schultheiss Heinz Peter , Lassner Dirk
Published: July 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be found in a wide range of tissues and body fluids, and their specific signatures can be used to determine diseases or predict clinical courses. The miRNA profiles in biological samples (tissue, serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells or other body fluids) differ significantly even in the same patient and therefore have their own specificity for the presented condition. Complex profiles of deregulated miRNAs are of high interest, whereas the importance of non-expressed miRNAs was ignored. Since miRNAs regulate gene expression rather negatively, absent miRNAs could indicate genes with unaltered expression that therefore are normally expressed in specific compartments or under specific disease situations. For the first time, non-detectable miRNAs in different tissues and body fluids from patients with different diseases (cardiomyopathies, Alzheimer’s disease, bladder cancer, and ocular cancer) were analyzed and compared in this study. miRNA expression data were generated by microarray or TaqMan PCR-based platforms. Lists of absent miRNAs of primarily cardiac patients (myocardium, blood cells, and serum) were clustered and analyzed for potentially involved pathways using two prediction platforms, i.e., miRNA enrichment analysis and annotation tool (miEAA) and DIANA miRPath. Extensive search in biomedical publication databases for the relevance of non-expressed miRNAs in predicted pathways revealed no evidence for their involvement in heart-related pathways as indicated by software tools, confirming proposed approach.
Developmental neuropathology of brainstem respiratory centers in unexplained stillbirth: What's the meaning?
Authors: Lavezzi Anna M. , Ferrero Stefano , Matturri Luigi , Roncati Luca , Pusiol Teresa
Published: July 2016

Stillbirth is one of the most stressful life events affecting over 3 million pregnancies per year throughout the world. An accurate autopsy of the stillborn fetus, including the placenta and umbilical cord examination, should be performed promptly after delivery. A thorough maternal history also should be taken, including exposures to risk factors. In many cases a death cause, attributable to fetal, maternal, or placental pathology, is clearly identified. However, in 50% or more of cases the cause remains unknown.

The purpose of this study is to highlight possible developmental alterations of the autonomic nervous system in unexplained stillbirths to provide an explanation of the pathogenetic mechanism of their death.

We conducted a careful neuropathological study of the brainstem, where the main vital centers are located, in 85 unexplained stillbirths and 52 age‐matched controls died of known cause. Information on the maternal lifestyle, including the smoking habit, was collected in all cases. Hypodevelopment of neuronal centers involved in breathing control, all connected together in a “respiratory network”, precisely hypoplasia of the facial/parafacial complex, Kölliker‐Fuse nucleus, pre‐Bötzinger nucleus and intermediolateral nucleus, were frequently observed in unexplained deaths, significantly related to maternal cigarette smoking.

We support the hypothesis of a strong action of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the development of brainstem respiratory nuclei and suggest an explanation of the high incidence of the respiratory network alterations in unexplained fetal death, when breathing not represents a vital function.