bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Issue of Jurisdiction of Disputes in which one of the Parties is a Multifunctional Center for the Provision of State and Municipal Services
Authors: Yurkova Ol'ga Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2022

The object of the study is public relations regulating the determination of the jurisdiction of judicial disputes involving multifunctional centers for the provision of state and municipal services (MFC) on the territory of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the regulatory regulation of disputes involving the MFC. The purpose of the study is to identify theoretical and practical gaps in the regulatory legal regulation of the activities of multifunctional centers for the provision of state and municipal services and its interaction with public authorities and citizens–applicants. In the course of the study, methods of scientific-theoretical and scientific-practical analysis, comparative legal characteristics, formal-logical and analytical research methods were used. The topic under consideration is relevant due to the growing number of administrative disputes in the sphere of interaction between state bodies and citizens, as well as due to the large coverage of the population with MFC services (96%), which, given the weak legal regulation of the issue of MFC litigation, creates a serious problem. The novelty of the study is that the legal status of the MFC is analyzed from the point of view of the independence and autonomy of the subject of legal relations in court disputes and the gaps in federal legislation regulating the activities of the MFC are investigated in the light of its connection with the jurisdiction and scope of administrative proceedings. According to the results of the study, it was found that the norms of Federal Law No. 210 do not allow unambiguously establishing the jurisdiction of a dispute involving a multifunctional center and do not contain a judicial procedure for considering a dispute as such.
Publicação científica e ciências sociais: 100 números da revista Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas
Authors: Costa António Firmino da , Martins Susana da Cruz , Pintassilgo Sónia Cardoso , Nunes Nuno , Carvalho Helena
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo analisa a importância das revistas científicas na constituição e no desenvolvimento dos campos científicos. Analisa também um conjunto de questões de fundo que estas revistas enfrentam atualmente. Toma como caso de estudo a revista Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas. Esta revista surgiu no processo de institucionalização da área da sociologia em Portugal. Está agora a publicar o seu número 100, após 37 anos de publicação continuada. Este artigo analisa o contexto, o perfil e as fases desta revista científica que tem como foco principal a sociologia, mas que está aberta igualmente a contribuições interdisciplinares de outras ciências sociais. Este artigo discute ainda um conjunto de problemas com que estas revistas académicas presentemente se confrontam: a publicação científica em acesso aberto; a avaliação por pares; as novas plataformas de publicação científica; e a tensão entre publicação internacional e impacto social contextual.
Automatic Bridge between BPMN Models and UML Activity Diagrams based on Graph Transformation
Authors: Rahmoune Yasmina , Chaoui Allaoua
Published: October 2022

Model Driven Engineering (MDE) provides available tools, concepts and languages to create and transform models. One of the most important successes of MDE is model transformation; it permits transforming models used by one community to equivalent models used by another one. Moreover, each community of developers has its own tools for verification, testing and test case generation. Hence, a developer of one community who moves to work with another community needs a transformation process from the second community to (his/her) own community and vice versa. Therefore, the target community can benefit from the expertise of the source one and the developers do not begin from zero.In this context, we propose in this paper an automatic transformation to create a bridge between the BPMN and UML communities. We propose an approach and a visual tool for the automatic transformation of BPMN models to UML Activity Diagrams (UML-AD). The proposed approach is based on Meta-Modeling and Graph Transformation, and uses the AToM3 tool. Indeed, we were inspired by the OMG meta-models of BPMN and UML-AD and implemented versions of both meta-models using AToM3. This last allows generating automatically a visual modeling tool for each proposed meta-model. Based on these two meta-models, we propose a graph grammar composed of sixty rules that perform the transformation process. The proposed approach is illustrated through three case studies.
Novel method of Characterization of dispersive properties of heterogeneous head tissue using Microwave sensing and Machine learning Algorithms
Authors: Lalitha K. , Manjula J.
Published: October 2022

A brain tumor is a critical medical condition and early detection is essential for a speedy recovery. Researchers have explored the use of electromagnetic waves in the microwave region for the early detection of brain tumor. However, clinical adoption is not yet realized because of the low resolution of microwave images. This paper provides an innovative approach to improve microwave brain tumor detection intelligently by differentiating normal and malignant tissues using machine learning algorithms. The dataset required for classification is obtained from the antenna measurements. To facilitate the measurement process, an Antipodal Vivaldi antenna with the diamond-shaped parasitic patch (37 mmx21 mm) is designed to operate with a resonance frequency of 3 GHz. The proposed antenna maintains a numerical reflection coefficient (S11) value below -10dB over the entire UWB frequency range.  In this paper, Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) classification tool with 10 cross-fold validation is used for comparison of various algorithms against the dataset obtained from the proposed antenna.
Vegetation height and structure drive foraging habitat selection of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) in intensive agricultural landscapes
Authors: Cioccarelli Sara , Terras Anna , Assandri Giacomo , Berlusconi Alessandro , Grattini Nunzio , Mercogliano Alessandro , Pazhera Aliona , Sbrilli Andrea , Cecere Jacopo G. , Rubolini Diego , Morganti Michelangelo
Published: October 2022

Habitat selection in animals is a fundamental ecological process with key conservation implications. Assessing habitat selection in endangered species and populations occupying the extreme edges of their distribution range, or living in highly anthropized landscapes, may be of particular interest as it may provide hints to mechanisms promoting potential range expansions. We assessed second- and third-order foraging habitat selection in the northernmost European breeding population of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), a migratory falcon of European conservation interest, by integrating results obtained from 411 direct observations with those gathered from nine GPS-tracked individuals. The study population breeds in the intensively cultivated Po Plain (northern Italy). Direct observations and GPS data coincide in showing that foraging lesser kestrels shifted their habitat preferences through the breeding cycle. They positively selected alfalfa and other non-irrigated crops during the early breeding season, while winter cereals were selected during the nestling-rearing phase. Maize was selected during the early breeding season, after sowing, but significantly avoided later. Overall, vegetation height emerged as the main predictor of foraging habitat selection, with birds preferring short vegetation, which is likely to maximise prey accessibility. Such a flexibility in foraging habitat selection according to spatio-temporal variation in the agricultural landscape determined by local crop management practices may have allowed the species to successfully thrive in one of the most intensively cultivated areas of Europe. In the southeastern Po Plain, the broad extent of hay and non-irrigated crops is possibly functioning as a surrogate habitat for the pseudo-steppe environment where most of the European breeding population is settled, fostering the northward expansion of the species in Europe. In intensive agricultural landscapes, the maintenance of alfalfa and winter cereals crops and an overall high crop heterogeneity (deriving from crop rotation) is fundamental to accommodate the ecological requirements of the species in different phases of its breeding cycle.
Incidence rate, risk factors, and management of Bell’s palsy in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Fahad , Kashoo Faizan Z. , Alduhishy Anas , Aldaihan Mishal , Ahmad Fuzail , Alanazi Ahmad
Published: October 2022

Background

Bell’s palsy is an idiopathic facial nerve dysfunction causing temporary paralysis of muscles of facial expression. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate, common risk factors, and preferred treatment by the Saudi patients with Bell’s palsy.

Method

This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. The retrospective medical records were searched from 2015–2020 of patients diagnosed with Bell’s palsy at Qurayyat General Hospital and King Fahad hospital. A 28-item questionnaire was developed by a team of experts and pre-tested among patients with Bell’s palsy before being sent to the eligible participants. The data were analyzed using summary statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher exact test and Likelihood ratio test.

Results

We identified 279 cases of Bell’s palsy from the medical records of the hospitals from the years 2015 to 2020, accounting for 46.5 cases per year and an incidence rate of 25.7 per 100,000 per year. Out of 279 patients with Bell’s palsy, only 171 returned the questionnaire accounting for a response rate of 61.2%. Out of 171 patients with Bell’s palsy, females (n = 147, 86.0%) accounted for the majority of cases. The most affected age group among participants with Bell’s palsy was 21–30 years (n = 76, 44.4%). There were 153 (89.5%) cases who reported Bell’s palsy for the first time. The majority of the participants experienced right-sided facial paralysis (n = 96, 56.1%). Likelihood ratio test revealed significant relationship between exposure to cold air and common cold with age groups (χ2(6, N = 171) = 14.92, p = 0.021), χ2(6, N = 171) = 16.35, pp = 0.012 respectively. The post hoc analyses revealed that participants in the age group of 20–31-years were mostly affected due to exposure to cold air and common cold than the other age groups. The main therapeutic approach preferred was physiotherapy (n = 149, 87.1%), followed by corticosteroids and antivirals medications (n = 61, 35.7%), acupressure (n = 35, 20.5%), traditional Saudi herb medicine (n = 32, 18.7%), cauterization by hot iron rod (n = 23, 13.5%), supplementary therapy (n = 2, 1.2%), facial cosmetic surgery (n = 1, 0.6%) and no treatment (n = 1, 0.6%). The most preferred combined therapy was physiotherapy (87.6%) with corticosteroid and antiviral drugs (35.9%), and acupressure (17.6%).

Conclusion

The rate of Bell’s palsy was approximately 25.7 per 100,000 per year in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. Exposure to cold air and common cold were the significant risk factors associated with Bell’s palsy. Females were predominantly affected by Bell’s palsy in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. Bell’s palsy most commonly occurred in the age group 21–30 years. The most favored treatment was physiotherapy following Bell’s palsy.
Ruinas urbanas. Topofilias y narrativas del despojo en Santiago y en Bogotá
Authors:   Universidad Alberto Hurtado (Chile), Márquez Francisca , Góngora Andrés ,   Museo Nacional de Colombia (Colombia)
Published: October 2022

Se narra la historia de dos barrios latinoamericanos que fueron desalojados y demolidos: Villa San Luis en Santiago de Chile y la calle del Bronx en Bogotá, Colombia. Desde la etnografía se muestra cómo sus ruinas incomodan a inversionistas y gobernantes locales que buscan removerlas para desarrollar proyectos inmobiliarios y de renovación urbana; y cómo sus antiguos habitantes y gestores movilizan distintos dispositivos artísticos y patrimoniales para resguardar y conservar las memorias de estos lugares. Mientras los agentes interesados en remover las ruinas de estos barrios consideran las materialidades derruidas como un estorbo para el progreso y el paisaje urbano, para sus habitantes dichos vestigios conservan aún memorias, emociones y vivencias. Se concluye que en las topofilias arraigadas en las ruinas, en cuanto relación emotiva con anclaje al lugar y su materialidad, reside una potencia creativa con capacidad de agencia política.
Effect of Paddy Residue and Nutrient Management Approaches on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake by Paddy in Paddy-Paddy Cropping System
Authors: Shwethakumari Uppalige , Ravi M. V. , Rao K. Narayana , Manjunatha B. , Umesh M. R. , Nagaraj M. N.
Published: October 2022

An investigation on the efficacy of paddy residue and nutrient management approaches on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by paddy was conducted during kharif and rabi-summer seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21 at Gabbur village, Raichur, Karnataka, India. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications, which consisted of four residue management in main plots and five nutrient management approaches in sub plots. The treatment with residue incorporation + compost culture gave significantly taller plants (84.40 and 84.53 cm), higher number of tillers hill-1 (20.06 and 20.09), grain yield (65.37 & 65.34 q ha-1), straw yield (80.01 & 80.04 q ha-1) and total N, P, K, S, Zn & Fe uptake over residue incorporation alone, residue burning and residue removal. Similarly, application of nutrients through SSNM targeted yield of 80 q ha-1 gave significantly higher plant height (90.51 and 90.50 cm), higher number of tillers hill-1 (23.02 and 22.95), grain yield (75.19 & 75.26q ha-1), straw yield (92.17 & 92.14 q ha-1) and total N, P, K, S, Zn & Fe uptake followed by STCR targeted yield of 80 q ha-1 > STL method > recommended NPK > absolute control. Interaction effect showed that, residue incorporation + compost culture with SSNM targeted yield of 80 q ha-1 recorded significantly higher plant height (95.95 and 96.13), number of tillers hill-1(25.50 and 25.56), grain yield (77.25 and 77.45 q ha-1), straw yield (94.83 and95.32 q ha-1) and nutrient uptake by paddy over other combinations.
Readmission Reduction as a Hospital Quality Measure
Authors: Cram Peter , Wachter Robert M. , Landon Bruce E.
Published: October 2022

The authors of this Viewpoint argue that the focus on hospital readmission rates as a measure of quality during the past decade, although undoubtedly leading to some improvements in care, has had minimal demonstrable benefit and has even distracted clinicians and health system leaders from other crucial quality concerns.
Examination of Differences in Nonmedical Supplemental Benefit Coverage for Dual-Eligible Enrollees in Medicare Advantage Plans in 2021
Authors: Jin Bonnie , Xue Lingshu , Lovelace John , Doebler Donna Almario , Roberts Eric T.
Published: October 2022

This cross-sectional study uses Medicare Advantage benefit package data for 2021 to examine differences in the coverage of nonmedical supplemental benefits—such as transportation services and food and meal assistance—for dual-eligible enrollees with health-related social needs.
Outcomes After Treatment With Cobimetinib in Patients With Rosai-Dorfman Disease Based on KRAS and MEK Alteration Status
Authors: Abeykoon Jithma P. , Rech Karen L. , Young Jason R. , Ravindran Aishwarya , Ruan Gordon J. , Dasari Surendra , Morlote Diana M. , King Rebecca L. , Rummage Claire , Zanwar Saurabh , Acosta-Medina Aldo M. , Tobin W. Oliver , Shah Mithun V. , Bennani N. Nora , Vassallo Robert , Ryu Jay H. , Koster Matthew J. , Davidge-Pitts Caroline J. , Witzig Thomas E. , Goyal Gaurav , Go Ronald S. ,   Mayo Clinic–University of Alabama at Birmingham Histiocytosis Working Group
Published: October 2022

Importance

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic neoplasm with recent studies showing alterations in the MAPK pathway, most commonly in the KRAS and MEK genes in about 40% of patients. Reports on the use of MEK-inhibitor therapy in RDD have been limited to small case studies. There are no approved treatments for this neoplasm, and therefore patients with RDD need efficacious treatments.

Objective

To study the outcomes after treatment with cobimetinib based on MAPK pathway alterations in patients with RDD.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study conducted at 2 tertiary care centers included patients with RDD who underwent treatment with cobimetinib between January 1, 2013, and December 1, 2021. Cobimetinib was administered at a dosage of 20 to 60 mg orally once daily as a single agent for 21 days in a 28-day cycle. Pathology was centrally reviewed. Response assessment was centrally conducted and was based on the established positron emission radiography response criteria used for clinical trials of targeted therapies in histiocytosis.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Main outcomes were overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), adverse events (AEs) of cobimetinib in the entire cohort, and ORRs and PFS based on MAPK pathway alterations in patients with RDD.

Results

A total of 16 patients (median [range] age at cobimetinib initiation, 57 [31-74] years; 11 [69%] women) were included in the study. The median follow-up duration was 19.0 months (95% CI, 8.4-27.8 months). The ORR was 63% (n = 10), including 5 complete responses and 5 partial responses. Somatic alterations in the KRAS or MEK genes were detected in 8 (50%) patients. Patients with KRAS or MEK alterations had significantly higher ORR (88% vs 38%; P = .03), deeper responses (complete responses among responders: 71% vs 0%; P = .002), and better PFS (at 1 year, 100% vs 29% were free from progression or death, respectively; P < .001) compared with those without such alterations. Grade 2 or higher AEs occurred in 12 (75%) patients, and 9 (56%) required dose reduction or temporary/permanent treatment discontinuation due to AEs.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, treatment with cobimetinib was associated with positive outcomes in KRAS- or MEK-variant RDD. However, AEs requiring dose modifications were common.
Assessment of BMI and Venous Thromboembolism Rates in Patients on Standard Chemoprophylaxis Regimens After Undergoing Free Tissue Transfer to the Head and Neck
Authors: Saadoun Rakan , Bengur Fuat Baris , Moroni Elizabeth A. , Surucu Yusuf , Veit Johannes A. , Khan Nayel I. , Daniels Kelly , Rothenberger Scott D. , Kubik Mark , Solari Mario G. , Sridharan Shaum
Published: October 2022

Importance

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe complication after free tissue transfer to the head and neck (H&N). Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily (BID) is a common regimen for chemoprophylaxis. However, differences in enoxaparin metabolism based on body weight may influence its efficacy and safety profile.

Objective

To assess the association between BMI and postoperative VTE and hematoma rates in patients treated with prophylactic enoxaparin 30 mg BID.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a retrospective review of a prospectively collected cohort from 2012 to 2022. Postoperative VTE, hematoma, and free flap pedicle thrombosis were recorded within 30 days of index surgery. The setting was a tertiary academic referral center. Participants included patients undergoing H&N reconstruction with free flaps that received fixed-dose subcutaneous enoxaparin 30 mg BID postoperatively. Statistical analysis was conducted from April to May 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes include incidence of VTE, hematoma, and flap pedicle thrombosis events within 30 days of the surgery. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to evaluate associations between BMI and other patient factors with these outcomes.

Results

Among the 765 patients included, 262 (34.24%) were female; mean (SD) age was 60.85 (12.64) years; and mean (SD) BMI was 26.36 (6.29). The rates of VTE and hematoma in the cohort were 3.92% (30 patients) and 5.09% (39 patients), respectively. After adjusting for patient factors, BMI was the only factor associated with VTE (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.015-1.129). Obesity (BMI >30) was associated with increased odds of VTE (OR, 2.782; 95% CI, 1.197-6.564). Hematoma was not associated with BMI (OR, 0.988; 95% CI, 0.937-1.041). Caprini score of at least 9 was not associated with VTE (OR, 1.259; 95% CI, 0.428-3.701).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study found that obesity was associated with an increased risk of VTE in patients after microvascular H&N reconstruction and while on standard postoperative chemoprophylaxis regimens. This association may suggest insufficient VTE prophylaxis in this group and a potential indication for weight-based dosing.
Association of Apnea vs Hypopnea Predominance With Pediatric Sleep Apnea Outcomes
Authors: Kukkala Saadhana , Vazifedan Turaj , Baldassari Cristina M.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Children with apnea-predominant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are hypothesized to have a more severe form of the disease. However, research is lacking as to whether there is a significant difference in outcomes between children with apnea-predominant vs hypopnea-predominant OSA.

Objective

To assess the association between baseline apnea-predominant or hypopnea-predominant OSA on polysomnography and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in children with obstructive sleep apnea managed by watchful waiting with supportive care (WWSC) or adenotonsillectomy (AT).

Design, Setting, and Participants

This case-control study is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial, which was conducted at multiple tertiary children’s hospitals from October 2007 to June 2012. Children aged 5.0 to 9.9 years with OSA were randomized to WWSC or AT and underwent polysomnography and completed validated QOL and symptom assessments at baseline and 7 months. The current data analysis was performed from October 2020 to February 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Apnea-predominant OSA was defined as an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 2 with more than 50% of the obstructive events being apneas. Patients were considered to have hypopnea-predominant OSA if they had an AHI greater than 2 and more than 50% of the obstructive events were hypopneas.

Results

A total of 386 children (185 boys [48%]; mean [SD] age, 6.56 [1.4] years) were analyzed. The mean (SD) obstructive AHI for patients was 6.98 (5.62), with 198 patients (51%) having mild disease. Thirty-seven children (10%) had apnea-predominant OSA at baseline. Black children were at increased risk for apnea-predominant OSA vs White children (odds ratio [OR], 13.40; 95% CI, 5.70-33.90). Children with apnea predominance were more likely to have severe OSA (AHI >10) compared with children with hypopnea predominance (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.03-5.03); baseline Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and OSA-18 QOL scores were similar between the 2 groups. Among children undergoing AT, those with baseline apnea predominance were more likely to have a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire score greater than 0.33 at follow-up (OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.01-10.80). Rates of OSA resolution and improvements in QOL scores following AT or WWSC were similar between the apnea-predominant and hypopnea-predominant groups.

Conclusions and Relevance

In children with OSA, apnea-predominant disease is uncommon. Apnea predominance was not associated with symptom resolution and cure rates in children undergoing AT or WWSC for OSA. Further research is needed to assess how apnea predominance affects AT outcomes in children with more severe disease.
Assessment of CBCT–based synthetic CT generation accuracy for adaptive radiotherapy planning
Authors: O'Hara Christopher J. , Bird David , Al‐Qaisieh Bashar , Speight Richard
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Cone‐beam CT (CBCT)–based synthetic CT (sCT) dose calculation has the potential to make the adaptive radiotherapy (ART) pathway more efficient while removing subjectivity. This study assessed four sCT generation methods using 15 head‐and‐neck rescanned ART patients. Each patient's planning CT (pCT), rescan CT (rCT), and CBCT post‐rCT was acquired with the CBCT deformably registered to the rCT (dCBCT).

Methods

The four methods investigated were as follows: method 1—deformably registering the pCT to the dCBCT. Method 2—assigning six mass density values to the dCBCT. Method 3—iteratively removing artifacts and correcting the dCBCT Hounsfield units (HU). Method 4—using a cycle general adversarial network machine learning model (trained with 45 paired pCT and CBCT). Treatment plans were created on the rCT and recalculated on each sCT. Planning target volume (PTV) and organ‐at‐risk (OAR) structures were contoured by clinicians on the rCT (high‐dose PTV, low‐dose PTV, spinal canal, larynx, brainstem, and parotids) to allow the assessment of dose–volume histogram statistics at clinically relevant points.

Results

The HU mean absolute error (MAE) and minimum dose gamma index pass rate (2%/2 mm) were calculated, and the generation time was measured for 15 patients using the rCT as the comparator. For methods 1–4 the MAE, gamma index analysis, and generation time were as follows: 59.7 HU, 100.0%, and 143 s; 164.2 HU, 95.2%, and 232 s; 75.7 HU, 99.9%, and 153 s; and 79.4 HU, 99.8%, and 112 s, respectively. Dose differences for PTVs and OARs were all <0.3 Gy except for method 2 (<0.5 Gy).

Conclusion

All methods were considered clinically viable. The machine learning method was found to be most suitable for clinical implementation due to its high dosimetric accuracy and short generation time. Further investigation is required for larger anatomical changes between the CBCT and pCT and for other anatomical sites.
Shining Transparent Displays with Stable Narrow‐Band Blue‐Emitting Phosphor in Layered Film
Authors: Zhou Weijie , Ou Yiyi , Huang Lin , Song Enhai , Ma Fengkai , Xia Zhiguo , Liang Hongbin , Zhang Qinyuan
Published: October 2022

Transparent displays (TDs) rendering “levitating” images on screen have appeared as an emerging technology toward augmented/mixed reality applications. However, the traditional phosphor design and screen construction have severely limited the TD performance owing to the lack of efficient narrow‐band blue emitters and stable screen structure. Herein, the novel narrow‐band (full width at half maximum: 32 nm) NaLi3SiO4:Eu2+ phosphor with a peak at 467 nm as a key blue emitter is explored, and it is sandwiched in layered film as a unique screen design. The devised screen features decent transparency, high emission color purity, and good reliability, and the TD prototype renders “floating” static images and vivid animation with broad viewing angle (15°–165°) and large color gamut (97% of National Television Standards Committee). Spectroscopic and microstructural characterizations reveal the TD superior performance originates from synergistic contributions of moderate crystal field effect (εc ≈ 1.13 eV; εcfs ≈ 1.60 eV), weak vibronic coupling (S ≈ 3; ħω ≈ 285 cm−1), and limited thermal ionization of 5d electrons (Ea ≈ 0.43 eV) for NaLi3SiO4:Eu2+ emission and layered architecture for screen film. These findings establish fundamental guidelines for narrow‐band emitting materials design and shine light on superior TD innovative development.
Fructose‐Coated Ångstrom Silver Particles Suppress Gastric Cancer Growth by Activating Gasdermin D‐Mediated Pyroptosis
Authors: Li You‐You , Xia Kun , Liu Yi‐Wei , Tan Yi‐Juan , Li Hong‐Ming , Wang Yi‐Yi , Feng Shi‐Kai , Jin Ling , Wan Teng‐Fei , Cao Jia , Chen Chun‐Yuan , Liu Zheng‐Zhao , Hu Xiong‐Ke , Wu Ben , Wang Yang , He Ze‐Hui , Yin Hao , Situ Wei‐Yi , Qi Lu‐Yue , Wang Zhen‐Xing , Xie Hui
Published: October 2022

Gastric cancer (GC) remains an important cancer worldwide, ranking fifth for incidence and fourth for mortality globally. Surgery combined with chemotherapy is recognized as a curative regimen for GC. However, much safer and more effective methods should be developed to improve the survival rate. Formerly, a pure physical method is presented to prepare Ångstrom‐scale silver particles (AgÅPs) and anticancer effects of fructose‐coated AgÅPs (F‐AgÅPs) are found. In this research, the efficacy and alternative pyroptosis induction of F‐AgÅPs in the treatment of GC are investigated and compared with those of cisplatin in subcutaneous GC tumor‐bearing nude mice. F‐AgÅPs inhibit GC cell growth, promote lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and induce cell pyroptosis in vitro. The caspase‐1 selective inhibitor belnacasan (VX‐765) and the pyroptotic pore formation inhibitor necrosulfonamide (NSA) partially reverse F‐AgÅP‐induced pyroptosis in GC cells. In vivo, F‐AgÅPs significantly upregulate inflammasome formation, caspase‐1 expression, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage, thus inducing pyroptosis. Furthermore, intravenous and oral administrations of F‐AgÅPs do not induce any obvious toxicities in healthy tissues. This study indicates that GSDMD‐dependent pyroptosis is a novel mechanism by which F‐AgÅPs protect against GC in vitro and in vivo, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for anti‐GC treatment.
Mixed oxygen ionic‐carbonate ionic conductor membrane reactor for coupling CO2 capture with in situ methanation
Authors: Pang Bingjie , Zhang Peng , Cao Zhongwei , Wang Song , Tong Jingjing , Zhu Xuefeng , Yang Weishen
Published: October 2022

CO2 methanation is one of the vital reactions to utilize CO2 and realize power to gas process. To decrease the CO2 capture cost and alleviate the hot spots during the strong exothermic methanation reaction, here, we report a coupling of CO2 capture process with in situ CO2 methanation process through a ceramic‐molten carbonate (MC) dual phase membrane reactor over the Ni‐based catalyst. The performance of the membrane reactor was systematically investigated and compared with the traditional fixed‐bed reactor. The results show that the performance of the membrane reactor is higher than that of the fixed‐bed reactor, since the produced steam through the methanation process can be partially removed through the dual‐phase membrane, which promotes the reaction shift to right side. A stability test shows no obvious degradation within 32 h. These results indicate that the membrane reactor is promising for coupling CO2 capture with in situ methanation process.
Photo‐induced Cobalt‐catalyzed Aerobic N−N Coupling of Diarylamines at Room Temperature
Authors: Luo Guanzhong , Han Yu , Zhang Ruohan , Ding Dongmiao , Dian Longyang
Published: October 2022

We report herein a photo induced Co‐catalyzed aerobic N−N coupling of diarylamines to form the corresponding tetraarylhydrazines. In this protocol, the N−N coupling reactions could be realized under mild conditions in the presence of Co(OAc)2 ⋅ 4H2O and BPhen with the irradiation of light (390–395 nm).
Ionic‐liquid grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) with pH responsiveness using as water treatment separation membranes for multi‐dye retention and adsorption
Authors: Liu Hongxu , Xie Junhao , Zhao Jingxuan , Xue Peng , Wang Ruijia , Lv Xue , Sun Shulin
Published: October 2022

The rapid development of the world economy and industry brings us a higher standard of living and also causes severe water pollution at the same time. Herein, pH‐responsive 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazole acetate grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes (PVDF‐g‐IL) were prepared by high‐energy electron irradiation grafting and non‐solvent‐induced microphase separation technology. The corresponding pH‐responsive membranes can be used to separate dye wastewater with different charges by converting the positive and negative nature of the membrane surface charge. Moreover, the grafted 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazole acetate offers a reversible wettability switching ability in different acidic and alkaline environments. The results showed that membrane porosity and average pore size become more prominent, and the pure water flux increases from 121 to 622 Lm−2 h−1. The functionalized membranes exhibited excellent filtration performance of cationic and anionic dyes wastewater by transforming the positive and negative surface charge. The optimum PVDF‐g‐IL membrane displayed a nearly 100% rejection and flux recovery rate. Furthermore, PVDF‐g‐IL membranes exhibited both adsorption and desorption properties for dyes with high adsorption and desorption rates at different pH values. The present research provides a practical and straightforward preparation method of pH‐responsive PVDF‐g‐IL membranes and can apply in the field of dye wastewater purification.
Conductive polymer‐based coating layer on copper current collector for enhanced performance of Li‐ion battery
Authors: Goyal Megha , Bhatnagar Nitu
Published: October 2022

The conductive polymer electrodes are considered as the best fabrication in the production of rechargeable batteries. The idea underlying its use, as well as the process and foundation of cell fabrications based on various types of conducting polymer systems are discussed in this review. Various types of conductive polymer coating on anode current collector along with different routes to provide desirable coated layers are discussed in detail. This review shows that the modified copper current collector can be regarded as an effective protective layer against solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, electrode particle cracking, cathode electrolyte formation (CEI), dendrite formation/lithium plating, electrolyte decomposition, etc. not only because of their productivity, availability, but also for their stability, cost‐efficiency, and helps to decrease the internal resistance as well.
Mechanical flexible epoxy resins with 100% bio‐based carbon content based on epoxidized vegetable oils
Authors: Schwaiger Markus , Resch‐Fauster Katharina
Published: October 2022

This work describes the development and characterization of mechanical flexible epoxy resins based on epoxidized vegetable oils (EVO) and sebacic acid. Different oil types (linseed oil, hempseed oil, and soybean oil) with varying epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) were used. Formulation and processing parameters were systematically optimized by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of the EVO type and EEW on thermo‐mechanical and mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile tests at different temperatures. The EVO type had a strong effect on the thermo‐mechanical and mechanical properties of the resin. However, for the investigated commercial epoxidized linseed oils, the EEW had no effect on these properties. With epoxidized linseed oil the highest Tg and the best mechanical properties (highest tensile strength and toughness) were achieved.
The role of the efflux transporter, P‐glycoprotein, at the blood–brain barrier in drug discovery
Authors: Cox Benoit , Nicolaï Johan , Williamson Beth
Published: October 2022

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) expresses a high abundance of transporters, particularly P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), that regulate endogenous and exogenous molecule uptake and removal of waste. This review discusses key drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic considerations for the efflux transporter P‐gp at the BBB in drug discovery and development. We highlight the differences in P‐gp expression and protein levels across species but the limited observations of species‐specific substrates. Given the impact of age and disease on BBB biology, we summarise the modulation of P‐gp for several neurological disorders and ageing and exemplify several disease‐specific hurdles or opportunities for drug exposure in the brain. Furthermore, the review includes observations of CNS‐related drug‐drug interactions due to the inhibition or induction of P‐gp at the BBB in animal studies and humans and the need for continued evaluation especially for compounds with a narrow therapeutic window. This review focusses primarily on small molecules but also considers the impact of new chemical entities, particularly beyond Ro5 molecules and their potential to be recognised as P‐gp substrates as well as advanced drug delivery systems which offer an alternative approach to achieve and sustain central nervous system exposure.
Development of stability‐indicating method for separation and characterization of benidipine forced degradation products using LC–MS/MS
Authors: Kushwah Bhoopendra Singh , Thummar Mohit M. , Yadav Amrej Singh , Dhiman Vivek , Samanthula Gananadhamu
Published: October 2022

The present study describes forced degradation of benidipine (BEN) as per  Q1A (R2) and Q1B guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. BEN degraded under hydrolysis (neutral, acidic, and alkaline), hydrogen peroxide induced oxidation, and UV light mediated photolytic degradation. A total of 14 degradation products (DPs) were found in all degradation studies, comprising 4 hydrolytic DPs, 8 oxidative DPs, and 4 photolytic DPs. A selective stability‐indicating method was developed using an XBridge BEH C18 column with gradient elution program consisting of ammonium acetate (10 mM, 4.8 pH, acetic acid) and acetonitrile. The flow rate was maintained at 1 ml min−1. All DPs were separated well using the developed HPLC method and were characterized using LC–MS/MS data. As this method is effective in identifying and separating BEN and its DPs with sufficient resolution, it can be used in laboratories for quality control of drugs in daily routine analysis and stability studies.
Research progress in the establishment of pancreatic cancer models and preclinical applications
Authors: Wu Weizheng , Wen Kunming , Zhong Yuxin
Published: October 2022

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor in the digestive system. The transformation of tissue from normal to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm is driven by certain oncogenes, among which the mutation rate of the KRAS gene is as high as 90%. Currently, PC has limited treatment options, low therapeutic effects, and poor prognosis. Thus, more effective methods to combat PC are urgently needed. Some models that can more accurately reflect the biological behaviors and genomic characteristics of PC, such as its morphology, pathology, proliferation, and invasion, are being continuously developed. These include genetic engineering models, orthotopic xenograft models, and heterotopic xenograft models. Using these PC models, scientists have further verified promising drugs and potential therapeutic targets for PC treatment. This is of great significance for limiting the progression of PC with clinical intervention, improving patient outcomes, and improving survival rates.
Clinical impact of early response to first‐line VEGFR‐TKI in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma on survival: A multi‐institutional retrospective study
Authors: Sobu Ryuta , Numakura Kazuyuki , Naito Sei , Hatakeyama Shingo , Kato Renpei , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Kojima Takahiro , Kawasaki Yoshihide , Kandori Syuya , Kawamura Sadafumi , Arai Yoichi , Ito Akihiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Obara Wataru , Ohyama Chikara , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Habuchi Tomonori
Published: October 2022

It remains unknown whether the early response to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR‐TKI) management in malignancies links to long‐term survival. The objective of this study was to investigate the survival rates and predictive factors of early response in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) managed by VEGFR‐TKIs. From Jan. 2008 to Oct. 2018, 496 patients were treated with VEGFR‐TKIs as first‐line treatment at the eight Japanese hospitals (Michinoku RCC). Early cessation was defined as VEGFR‐TKIs being given up within 3 months after their initiation. The number of patients in early cessation VEGFR‐TKIs (Cohort I) was 173 (34.9%), and in long‐term use (Cohort II) was 323 (65.1%). The cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were better in Cohort II. IMDC Poor‐risk was at risk of early cessation of a first‐line VEGFR‐TKI. Axitinib was the most preferred drug for long‐term treatment. On closer examination, both Cohort I and II were divided into two groups, the patients ceased VEGFR‐TKI due to adverse events (Group A [67 from Cohort I] and Group C [51 from Cohort II]) and disease progression (Group B [106 from Cohort I] and Group D [272 from Cohort II]). Despite that the cessation was adverse events, CSS and OS in Group A were worse than both Group C and D. Axitinib was administered with the safer profile. IMDC Poor risk was the risk factor for the early disease progression. Managing early adverse events may contribute to a better prognosis in mRCC patients treated VEGFR‐TKIs.
Herpetic endotheliitis and stromal keratitis following inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Mohammadpour Mehrdad , Farrokhpour Hossein , Sadeghi Reza
Published: October 2022

Given the scarcity of data regarding ocular complications following COVID‐19 vaccination, the approach toward patients with suggestive symptoms and established clinical practice is lacking. Herein, we report the first case of herpetic endotheliithis and secondary stromal keratitis following inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination who experienced a relapse due to poor adherence.
Persistent headaches sometimes concern incidental findings: A rare case of internal jugular vein agenesis in a 32‐year‐old man
Authors: Amin Mohammad Ashraful , Nahin Sabrina , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain
Published: October 2022

Absence of an internal jugular vein at birth is infrequent. These developmental anomalies affect approximately 0.05 percent to 0.25 percent of the population in the general community. Avascular abnormalities emerging from the internal jugular vein were detected during radiographic studies of chronic headache in an adult male patient. A dull headache troubled a 32‐year‐old man for more than 20 years. After taking most of NSAIDs and other medications for the condition, which persisted, a diagnosis of left internal jugular vein agenesis was made, which was most likely the cause of the headaches. When treating recurrent, persistent headaches in the emergency room and outdoor medical services, keep in mind that agenesis of the jugular venous system can play a role—one of the uncommon causes of headaches we have observed in our cases.
A Homogeneous‐Heterogeneous Kinetic Study of Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) on La2O3/CeO2 Catalyst
Authors: Wang Haoyi , Yang Chaobo , Shao Can , Alturkistani Sultan , Magnotti Gaetano , Gascon Jorge , Takanabe Kazuhiro , Sarathy S. Mani
Published: October 2022

A La2O3/CeO2 catalyst was synthesized and achieved 19 % C2+ yield with 65 % C2+ selectivity at 650 °C. The doping of CeO2 not only enhanced catalytic performance, but also improved catalyst stability in the presence CO2 and H2O. This study investigated the kinetics on La2O3/CeO2 over a wide range of operating conditions. Planar laser‐induced fluorescence was implemented to directly observe the presence of formaldehyde, as the first time reported in OCM. A packed bed reactor model was constructed based on the dimensions of experimental setup and catalyst characterization. Rather than using a tuned gas phase model, the experimentally validated mechanism NUIGMech1.1 was implemented. The proposed homogeneous‐heterogeneous OCM mechanism kinetic model was validated against experimental data under isothermal conditions, and the results show good agreement with measured species. The rate of production (ROP) was performed to identify the important reactions and prove the necessity of surface reactions for the OCM process.
On the Manufacturers of Biosimilars in Asia
Authors: Sheth Smritie , Vashishta Laxmikant , Goyal Rohit , Rathore Anurag , Chirmule Narendra
Published: October 2022

Over the past 2 decades, biosimilars have created an opportunity for access to affordable medicines globally. The development process includes robust analytical and functional comparability, equivalent pharmacokinetic profile, and demonstration of lack of any meaningful clinical differences. In this brief opinion article, we offer an overview of the major aspects that are involved in biosimilar development and regulatory requirements in Asia in order to facilitate a standardized process that can enable cost‐effective development of biosimilars.
Partner with housing to serve students effectively
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: October 2022

Even before the COVID‐19 pandemic, students with disabilities reported limited housing options and that the available units were inaccessible, socially isolating, or both, said Sarah Young, Ed.D., Director of Disability Support Services at Trinity Washington University.
Termination and Constructive Discharge
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: October 2022

An overview of the key topics faced by disability services providers with citations to noteworthy cases, statutes, regulations, and additional sources.
Phenology and plasticity can prevent adaptive clines in thermal tolerance across temperate mountains: The importance of the elevation‐time axis
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Pesquera Luis Miguel , Tejedo Miguel , Camacho Agustín , Enriquez‐Urzelai Urtzi , Katzenberger Marco , Choda Magdalena , Pintanel Pol , Nicieza Alfredo G.
Published: October 2022

Critical thermal limits (CTmax and CTmin) decrease with elevation, with greater change in CTmin, and the risk to suffer heat and cold stress increasing at the gradient ends. A central prediction is that populations will adapt to the prevailing climatic conditions. Yet, reliable support for such expectation is scant because of the complexity of integrating phenotypic, molecular divergence and organism exposure. We examined intraspecific variation of CTmax and CTmin, neutral variation for 11 microsatellite loci, and micro‐ and macro‐temperatures in larvae from 11 populations of the Galician common frog (Rana parvipalmata) across an elevational gradient, to assess (1) the existence of local adaptation through a PST‐FST comparison, (2) the acclimation scope in both thermal limits, and (3) the vulnerability to suffer acute heat and cold thermal stress, measured at both macro‐ and microclimatic scales. Our study revealed significant microgeographic variation in CTmax and CTmin, and unexpected elevation gradients in pond temperatures. However, variation in CTmax and CTmin could not be attributed to selection because critical thermal limits were not correlated to elevation or temperatures. Differences in breeding phenology among populations resulted in exposure to higher and more variable temperatures at mid and high elevations. Accordingly, mid‐ and high‐elevation populations had higher CTmax and CTmin plasticities than lowland populations, but not more extreme CTmax and CTmin. Thus, our results support the prediction that plasticity and phenological shifts may hinder local adaptation, promoting thermal niche conservatism. This may simply be a consequence of a coupled variation of reproductive timing with elevation (the “elevation‐time axis” for temperature variation). Mid and high mountain populations of R. parvipalmata are more vulnerable to heat and cool impacts than lowland populations during the aquatic phase. All of this contradicts some of the existing predictions on adaptive thermal clines and vulnerability to climate change in elevational gradients.