bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QT dispersion in patients with hypertensive disease
Authors: Speranskaya S. M. , Bakanova N. V. , Shutov A. M.
Published: December 2018

QТ dispersion was studied in 60 patients (12 males and 38 patients; their mean age, 48,4 ± 9,1) with Grades I — III arterial hypertension. Patients with prior myocardial infarction, with angina pectoris, and with severe heart failure were excluded. The hypertrophy of the myocardium, its systolic and diastolic function were evaluated with echocardiography. QT dispersion was determined by ECG. In arterial hypertension, the myocardium was found to be characterized by the development of not only hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV), but also by its remodelling. Multifactorial regression analysis indicated that systolic blood pressure had an independent direct impact on the relative thickness of the LV wall and on LV mass index. There was a direct correlation of trans-myocardial QT dispersion with the parameters of pulmonary venous blood flow, reflecting the early symptoms of heart failure: Smax, the peak velocity of systolic flow; S/D, the ratio of the peak velocities of systolic and diastolic flows; VTIAR/Va, the ratio of the integral parameter of reversion flow to the time-velocity integral of peak A of transmitral blood flow. It is concluded that in patients with arterial hypertension, transmyocardial QT dispersion increases with the occurrence of the early symptoms of heart failure, as evidenced by transmittal and pulmonary venous flows.
Inpact of bisoprolol therapy on brain perfusion in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Mychka V. B. , Sergienko V. B. , Gornostaev V. V. , Dvoskina I. M. , Chazova I. E.
Published: December 2018

In the metabolic syndrome, the main cause of death is cardiovascular events due to the high rate of damage to target organs, lb treat patients with the metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to more thoroughly choose drugs or their combination to prevent adverse metabolic effects and at the same time to adequately monitor blood pressure. It has been long considered that β-blockers exert a negative effect on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and they arc able to deteriorate brain perfusion in patients with arterial hypertension. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of bisoprolol on the daily BP profile, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and brain perfusion in patients with the metabolic syndrome and hypertension.
Cardiac remodeling in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Baranov V. L. , Nagibovich O. A.
Published: December 2018

The paper shows a certain regularity in the development of cardiac structucal and functional disorders in relation to the stage of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiac functional changes are detected in normoalbuminurua. A concomitance of diabetic nephropathy enhances these changes: the disorders are minimal in the microalbuminuric sphase of diabetic nephropathy and maximal when proteinuria appears. In diabetic nephropathy, arterial hypertension determines the pattern of left ventricular remodeling in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus to a greater extent than does hyperglycemia.
Value of the results of INSIGHT and ENCOR studies for clinical practice
Authors: Khirmanov V. N.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the latest data on the clinical efficacy and safety of OSMO adalate (Nifedepine GITS), a lomg-acting drug from a group of slow calcium channel blockers. In addition to its pronounced and steady-state antihypertensive effect during monotherapy, OSMO adalate, when long used, causes a significant reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular complications, including fatal events in particular, and in patients with prior myocardial infarction. The antihypertensive effect of this drug is not inferior to that of the routine diuretic therapy. However, OSMO adalate more favorably affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and uric acid and less frequently induced peripheral arterial oclusions, gout, and diabetes mellitus. The use of this drug has been found to prevent an increase in the thickness of carotid intimomedial layers, as well as progression of coronary arterial calcinosis (the use of a diuretics does not). Moreover, the ENCOR study has revealed that OSMO adalate therapy also prevents spastic reactions in the coronary arteries due to their better endothelial function.
Central, peripheral, and renal hemodynamics in patients with hypertensive disease during long-term monotherapy with enalapril alone and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (according to the data of RU-003 study)
Authors: Konradi A. O. , Afaunov R. Kh. , Mamontov O. V. , Pushkarev A. A. , Krutikov A. N. , Yefremova I. Yu. , Shlyakhto Ye. V.
Published: December 2018

The study was undertaken to examine the impact of long-term therapy with enapril alone and in its fixed combination with hydrochlorothiazide (renitec/co-renitec, MSD) on the time course of changes in central, peripheral, and renal hemodynamic parameters and on the status of cardiopulmonary reflex in patients with hypertensive disease. The study included 35 patients with Stages I-II arterial hypertension. Therapy with renitec/co-renitec was performed for 6 months, starting with its dose of 10 mg, followed by titration up to 40 mg and switching to a combined therapy. A decrease in blood pressure in the groups of patients receiving therapy with enalapril alone and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide was found to be associa ted mainly with diminished peripheral vascular resistance, which was followed by a higher volume blood flow rate in the forearm-and a better sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary baroreflex. Moreover, long-term use of enalapril both alone and in combination with thiazide diuretic was attended by improved renal hemodynamics.
Influence of modifiable and unmodifiable factors on myocardial electric stability in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Ruzov V. I. , Gimayev R. Kh. , Razln V. A. , Lukyanenko O. V. , Balandin A. N. , Smirnov P. S.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the work was to examine the influence of modifiable and unmodifiable factors on the recording of late ventricular potentials (LVP) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Ahundred and ten patients with AH, including 58 males and 52 females, aged 23 to 73 years (mean 53,7±9,68 years). Late potentials were detected in 38 (34,5%) patients with AH, including 23 (39,6%) males and 15 (28,8%) females. There was significantly a more frequent recording of LVP in patients with impaired 24-hour blood pressure (BP) variability. At the same time, LVP was most frequently recorded in patients with an over-dipper diurnal BP variability (47,7%), as well as in those with dipper by systolic BP and over-dipper by diastolic BP (50%). There was a relationship of the frequency of LVP recording to the degree of AH. LVP was more frequently recorded in patients with AH and left ventricular dilatation and in the eccentric type of left ventricular hypertrophy (49,3%).
Potentialities of correction of lipid peroxidation with combined antihypertensive therapy in patients with ' arterial hypertension
Authors: Nesterov Yu. I. , Teplyakov A. T.
Published: December 2018

Aim. To study the impact of combined therapy with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enap and the calcium antagonist corinfar SR on the values of blood pressure (BP) and the content of lipid peroxidation products in patients with.arterial hypertension (AH). Subjects and methods. Twenty-eight patients with Stage I-IIAH were treated with a combination of enap and corinfar SR for 6 weeks in the outpatient setting. The time course of changes in BP and the serum levels of dienic conjugates and malonic dialdehyde were determined. Results. The effective therapy with a combination of enap and corinfar SR was possible in 83% of the patients. Systolic and diastolic BPs decreased by 24 and 21% and they were 135,1±8,3 and 84,1±4,3 mm Hg, respectively. The content of dienic conjugates and malonic dialdehyde reduced by 10 and 9%, respectively. Conclusion. In addition to a steady-state BP decrease, 6-week combined therapy with enap and corinfar SR inhibits the serum activity of intermediate lipid peroxidation products.
Calcium antagonists: principals of therapy in the light of evidence based studies data
Authors: Marcevich M. U.
Published: December 2018

Calcium antagonists (CA) are the group of drugs the main property of which are the ability to inhibit calcium influx through the so-called slow calcium channels. According to chemical structure, CA are divided into dihydropyridines (nifedipine, amlodipine, felodipine) and nondihydropyridines (verapamil and diltiazem). CA are also divided into first generation agents (conventional tablets) and second generation agents (long acting agents), the last are not only more convenient bat also more safe drugs. The data of large randomised trials confirm that CA have favorable effect on life prognosis during their regular administration to patients with arterial hypertension, this effect of CA is similar to that of other antihypertensive drugs (AHD). However, CA may be superior to other AHD in preventing stroke and inferior to other AHD in preventing myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure.
Primary hyperaldosteronism: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Rodionov A. V.
Published: December 2018

The review considers the topical problems of the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism. Studies requited to establish its diagnosis are characterized, Differencial approaches to therapy for aldosterone-producing adenoma and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism, including the specific features of conservative therapy, are detailed.
The role of life exhaustion in the development of arterial hypertension in 25-64-year-old men: Epidemiological survey based on the WHO program "MONICA"
Authors: Gafarov V. V. , Gromova Ye. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Gafarova A. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. To study i lie impact of life exhaustion on the risk for the development of arterial hypertension (AH) in 25-64-year-old men for 6 years. Subjects and methods. In 1994, a screening survey was performed within the framework of the WHO program "MONICA - psychosocial". A random representative sample of males (n = 657) aged 25-64 years who resided in one of the Novosibirsk districts was examined. The response rate was 82.1 %. The follow-up lasted 6 years (1904-2000). A statistical analysis was made, by using a "SPSS-10" program package. The Cox-proportional regression model was used to assess the relative risk of AH. The c_ test was applied to estimate the significance of differences between the groups. Results. In the examined population of 25-64-year-old men suffering from AH. the spread of life exhaustion is high and equal to 73-796 (mean 58 %; the high life exhaustion is 15.796): During the 6-year follow-up. there was a trend for the risk of AH to show a 2-fold increase in the exhausted males. The relative risk of AH. which was studied in normotensive males aged 25-64 years dining 6 years, was 2 times higher in the exhausted individuals than that in the unexhausted ones. Among the exhausted males, there were both persons having a higher education or holding leading posts and those having a primary education, or making hard and moderate work; pensioners, and individuals at the low social level. Conclusion. The findings suggest that life exhaustion is a pathogenetic mechanism that contributes to the development of AH.
Effect of the NO donator nitrosothiol glutathione on the rat blood levels of nitric oxides and malonic dialdehyde
Authors: Kaminskaya L. Yu. , Zhloba A. A. , Aleksandrova L. A. , Moiseyeva O. M. , Emanuel V. L. , Shlyakhto Ye. V.
Published: December 2018

Nitric oxide (NO) is a paramagnetic molecule, îe a free radical, and, under poor metabolic conditions, can induce the so-called nitrosylating stress HPLC was used to study an increase of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) product malonic dialdehyde when the NO donor mtrosoglutathione was administered to experimental rats Chromatographic analysis was made on an Agilent-1100 liquid chromatograph (Agilent Technologies, Germany) The effect of mtrosogluthatione was compared with that of a mixture of ferrous mtrile acetate and homocystine given to the animals as a prooxidant Under experimental oxidative stress after administration of ferrous mtrile and homocystine (40 mkmole/kg, calculated with reference to iron), the rat blood serum level of malonic dialdehyde increased by approximately 20 times as compared to that in the control group of animals Four-fold activation of malonic dialdehyde formation was revealed in rats under nitrosothiol oxidation (after administration of mtrosogluthatione in a dose of 200 mkmole/kg) It is concluded that NO donors are able to induce oxidative stress When NO donors are used in long-term therapy, it is necessary to control the body’s oxidative status
GENE polymorphism of the renin angiotensin system in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease complicated by chronic heart failure
Authors: Dorofeev N. P. , Kastanayan A. A. , Shlyk S. V. , Dorofeikov V. V. , Barbina A. A. , Nakhratskaya O. I. , Kalmakov R. L. , Dmitrieva A. A. , Sidorov R. V. , Grcbcnyuk S. V. , Zubkova A. A. , Kozarenko A. I.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the Study was to search for an association of the gene polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (ATG) and type I receptors of angiotensin II with the risk for chronic heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and arterial hypertension (AH). A hundred persons, including 80 patients with CHD, 10 patients with hypertensive disease, and 10 healthy Individuals were examined. There was no association of the ID gene polymorphism of ACE, MT gene polymorphism of ATG, and the AC gene polymorphism of ATR1 with the risk for heart failure in patients with CHD and AH.
The values of 24-monitorlng of blood pressure in patients with obesity, arterial hypertension, and the obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Zvartau N. F. , Sviryaev Yu. V. , Rotar O. P. , Kalinkin A. I. , Konradi A. O.
Published: December 2018

Цель работы — определение особенностей антропометрических показателей и параметров суточного мониторирования артериального давления (АД) у пациентов с ожирением, артериальной гипертензией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ во время сна (СОАГС). Материалы и методы. Суточное мониторирование АД и измерение антропометрических показателей, проведенных 100 пациентам с ожирением и артериальной гипертензией, которые по результатам полисомнографического исследования были разделены на две группы в зависимости от наличия нарушений дыхания во сне. Результаты. У больных с СОАГС в большинстве случаев диагностируется андроидный тип ожирения. При этом при сопоставимых массе тела и индексе массы тела окружность талии и шеи у больных с СОАГС больше по сравнению с больными без нарушений дыхания во сне. Особенностями артериальной гипертензии у больных с нарушениями дыхания во сне являются повышение преимущественно диастолического АД как в ночные, так и в дневные часы, более высокий уровень систолического и диастолического АД в ранние утренние часы, показатели нагрузки АД в ночные часы и нарушения циркадного ритма АД с отсутствием его адекватного снижения ночью. Заключение. Таким образом, выявленные особенности антропометрических параметров и артериальной гипертензии позволяют отнести пациентов с СОАГС к группе высокого риска развития как метаболических нарушений, так и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и их осложнения.
Signal-averaged ECG parameters in patients with hypertensive disease with different types of diurnal blood pressure variations
Authors: Gimayev K. Kh. , Ruzov V. I. , Razin V. A. , Sapozhnikov A. N.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the present study was to estimate the parameters of signal-averaged ECG in patients with hypertensive disease (III)) with different types of diurnal blood pressure (BP) variations. The study covered 127 patients aged 30 to 73 years (mean 53.4 ± 9.7 years) who Stages I-II HD. All the patients underwent estimation of late ventricular potentials (LVP) by recording signal-averaged ECG (SA-ECG) and 24-hour BP monitoring (24-h BPМ). The study did not reveal significant differences in the recording of LVP and in the parameters of SA-ECG in patients with HD with varying degrees of arterial hypertension. This was also confirmed by the fact that there were no significant differences in the parameters of 24-h BPM in the groups of hypertensive patients with and without LVP. In patients with BP, the impaired diurnal BP variations were ascertained to be associated with the increased detection rate of LVP. The most pronounced deterioration of SA-ECG parameters was observed in patients with an excessive nocturnal Ml' lowering the over-dipper type. In patients with HD, even an isolated excessive nocturnal diastolic BP lowering was shown to be followed by worse SA-ECG parameters. The findings are also supported by the correlations found between the parameters of SA-ECG and the values of 24-h BPM.
Impact of pulmonary hypertension on the course of a late postoperative period after surgical correction of mitral valvular diseases
Authors: Nemchenko Ye. V. , Stepanov S. I.
Published: December 2018

Late outcomes were analyzed in 67 patients with pulmonary hypertension, who had undergone surgical correction of acquired mitral valvular diseases in the period sofs months to 11 years (mean 4.6 years). In the late postoperative period, there was no significant difference in the survival rates, in the incidence of high functional class heart failure, and the quality of life in patients with mitral valvular diseases in the presence of pulmonary hypertension and in a normal pulmonary pressure.
Modern conception about immune system role in the gestosis development
Authors: Tapilskaya N. ..
Published: December 2018

All at the clinical manifestations ol preeclampsia could be attributed to the endothelial cell dysfunction leading to end-organ damage and hypoperfusion. Preeclampsia is a result immune maladaptation. The candidates mediators of immune maladaptation in preeclampsia include cytokines (especially tumor necrosis factor, (TNF-a) and interleukin-2 and IL-6). In addition a lower level of messenger RNA for HLA-G has been described in the trophoblast cells of preeclamptic patients. Increased syncitiotrophoblast shedding as a consequence of placental apoptosis may contribute to endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this review is to summarize the current understanding of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia with special emphasis on recent discoveries which support the notion that immune maladaptation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Enalapril plus Indapamid in the treatment All: effect and safety estimation of rational pharmacotherapy. Design and main results of trial “EP1GRAPH-2”
Authors: Belenkov Y. .. , Ageev F. .. , Boizov S. .. , Lascbnic L. .. , Mareev V. .. , Oganov R. .. , Olbinskaya L. .. , Obrenovich-Kirchanski B. .. , Ostoich M. .. , Pozdnyakov Y. .. , Chazova I. .. , Shlyakhto E. ..
Published: December 2018

Study EPIGRAPH-2 focuses on evaluating clinical efficacy and safety of a combination treatment for AH including the use of non-fixed combinations of enalapril and indapamid. It was shown that early initiation of treatment with the non-fixed combination of enalapril and indapamid (Enzix) in patients with I-II degree AH as compared to routine therapy results in a fast reduction of BP, significant decreases in numbers of patients with LV hypertrophy (LVH) and proteinuria, improvement of quality of life in patients with AH, decrease in the frequency of hospitalizations and additional visits to doctor's office. Furthermore this therapy is cost effective.
Comparative efficacy Noliprel forte and Ko-renitec at high risk arterial hypertension patients
Authors: Nedogoda S. , Chalyabi T. , Tioina V. , Brel Y. , Prokhorova E.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to compare i he clinical efficacy and tolerance of fixed combinations of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and diuretic noliprel and co-renitec in patients with mild and moderate arterial hypertension with high risk of cardiovascular events. All investigated patients didn't achieved normal AP level with monotherapy. The study was blinded, randomised and performed in parallel groups (20 subjects in each group). The clinical effects were evaluated after 6 months of therapy by 1 tablet of noliprel-forte (4 mg / 12.5 mg) or co-renitec (20 mg / 12.5 mg). The antihypertensive effect was comparable for both dings, but fixed combination of noliprel-forte show advantage in reducing of LV hypertrophy and improvement of arterial elasticity.
Centrally acting antihypertensive drugs
Authors: Baranova E. I. , Bolshakova O. O.
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the overview of different classes of antihypertensive centrally acting drugs. Author’s own experience concerning the use of moxonidine in postmenopausal hypertensive obese women is also provided.
When are beta-adrenoblocators medicine of choice in the ventricular arrhythmia treatment?
Authors: Shlyakhto E. V. , Treshkyr T. V. , Kapanadze S. T.
Published: December 2018

48 patients with exercise-simulated ventricular arrhythmia of high gradation (IV-V degree in classification of Lown, Wolf) were investigated (ECG monitor, Bicycle ergometry, test with nitroglycerin, echocardiography). Observed results proved the contribution of increased symphathetical tone m arrhytmogenesis. Selective long-acting beta-blocker betaxolol was admitted as a pathogenic therapy of such conditions. The control studies demonstrated high antiarrythmic efficacy of betaxolol in the treatment of ischemic ventricular rhytm disturbances in patients with Coronary Artery Disease as well as m hypersymphaticotonia-related non-coronary ventricular arrhythmia.
Beta-blockers in hypertension treatment - did the time of farewell come?
Authors: Konrady A. O.
Published: December 2018

During the last two years the issue of use of beta-blockers in first line hypertension therapy is debated. Besides, evidence for refuse from wide of these agents is obtained from trials, testing relatively old agents such as atenolol with a number of negative metabolic effects. At the same time, newer representatives of beta-blockers with high selectivity, for example betaxolol do not. produce such adverse effects. This can indicate that the data obtained on atenolol cannot be extrapolated on the whole drug class.
Isoptin SR 240 - effective antihypertensive and antiishemic medication
Authors: Makolkin V. I.
Published: December 2018

The review describes data about high antihypertensive efficacy and safety of isoptin SR in patients with arterial hypertension. The results of numerous comparative studies show advantages of isoptin SR related to its metabolic neutrality, symphatolvtic and nephroprotective effects.
Sympathetic nervous system and serum leptin level in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Zvartau N. E. , Sviryaev Yu. V. , Rotari O. P. , Emelyanov I. V. , Merculova N. K. , Conrady A. O. , Kalinkin A. L.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study was to investigate sympathetic nervous system activity and serum leptin level in obese patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined 75 OSA patients and 40 age, weight, BMI and blood pressure levels matched obese patients without OSA. As a result, patients with OSA had higher sympathetic activity associated not only with repetitive episodes of hypoxia/hypercapnia during sleep, but also with more marked central obesity and higher serum leptin level.
Arterial hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney diseases
Authors: Panina I. Y. , Petrichshtev N. N. , Smirnov A. V. , Rumyantsev A. Sh. , Degtereva O. A.
Published: December 2018

Arterial hypertension is the important reason of the morbidity and mortality of the patients with chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to estimate the feature of the arterial hypertension, vasomotor form endothelial dysfunction and level of VCAM1 at patients with chronic kidney disease at groups with achievement and not achievement target arterial pressure. At the moment of the survey the target arterial pressure was achieved at 70 (1 group) and not achieved at 31 patients (2 group). During investigation it was applied the complex of biochemical, immune-enzyme and instrumental methods. The vasomotor form of endothelial dysfunction was detected at all of patients. The improvement of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was defined at patients with achieved target arterial pressure. The VCAM1 concentration was elevated only at the patients 2 group. This group was differ from the 1 group with more high arterial pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy, atrium enlargement, complex intima-media enlargement, decrease glomerular filtration rate. It was made the conclusion that achievement target arterial pressure facilitate the correction of vasomotor form of endothelial dysfunction.
Effects on cognitive function, psychoemotional state, efficiacy and safety of antihypertensive therapy by metoprolol retard in females with the mild to moderate hypertension
Authors: Poljatykina T. S. , Mishina I. E. , Bulychev G. I. , Geller V. L. , Sevastjanova G. I. , Kitaeva L. V. , Kolobova O. E.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the results of research in which 50 women with essential hypertension illness (arterial hypertension I-II degree) have taken part. 20 patients received long-acting metoprolol therapy (Egilok - retard, EGIS AO) in the dose of 25-100 mg, if necessary in a combination with hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg. In group of comparison (30 subjects) treatment with enalapril (5-10 mg/сут) or by a combination of enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide was administarted. It is shown, that monotherapy by metoprolol-retard allowed to reach a «target» levels of blood pressure in 89,5 % of women, in 10,5 % cases the combined therapy was required. At 12-week of treatment significant improvement of parameters of concentration of attention and anxiety decrease was observed.
Efficacy of Lozartan and Enalapril in mild-to-moderate hypertensive patients with different polymorphisms of type 2 bradykinin receptor and angiotensinogene genes
Authors: Shulenin S. N. , Kuchmin A. N. , Zubakova M. V.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of bradykinin type 2 receptor and angiotensinogen genes polymorphism on clinical features of hypertension and efficacy of the angiotensin II receptor blocker (Losartan) and ACE inhibitor (enalapril) in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. We examined 140 hypertensive patients; mean duration of hypertension constituted 9,3±2,7 years. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ECHO-cardiography and genes polymorphism definition were done in all patients, with the repeated blood pressure monitoring used as a criteria of treatment efficacy. As a result it was determined, that blood pressure was higher in patients with T/T polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene and +9/+9 polymorphism of type 2 bradykinin receptor gene. Left ventricular mass index was higher in patients with M/M and +9/+9 polymorphisms, and the antihypertensive effect of the drugs was higher in patients with +9/+9 polymorphism.
The increasing of arterial vascular resistance is a primary factor of development isolated systolic hypertensions
Authors: Sokolov A. A. , Soldatenko M. V.
Published: December 2018

In the submitted review value of increase of vascular resistance and a vascular tone in development of an isolated arterial hypertension has been shown. Parameters of elasticity of the arteries, used for the characteristic of properties of a vascular wall are discussed. In the review modern methods non invasive study of the properties of the arterial wall was described. The special attention has been given study of the pulse wave velocity, value of parameters of resistance and arterial stiffness for an estimation of the forecast was shown.
A new page in hypertension management in diabetes mellitus type 2. ADVANCE study first results
Authors: Konradi A. O.
Published: December 2018

The paper is devoted to the rationale, design and first results of the ADVANCE study, its discussion and interpretation concerning clinical practice. The problem of blood pressure control in diabetic patients is reviewed, the impact of ADVANCE study into intensive blood pressure control is stressed.
Moxonidin in combined therapy of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Gladysheva E. A. , Bragina A. E.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the results of 24-weeks follow-up and treatment patients with metabolic syndrome. It shows antihypertensive effect of imidazoline-receptor agonist moxonidine and hypolipidemic effect of micronized fenofibrate in patients with metabolic syndrome. The combination demonstrate synergic action on carbohydrate and uric acid metabolism. Thus, it can significantly decrease the level of cardio-vascular risk (SCORE) in patients with metabolic syndrome.
HYPOTENSIVE DRUGS EFFECT AND LIVER MONOOXIGENASE FUNCTION IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PATIENTS AFTER ADRENAL HYPERFUNCTION CORRECTION
Authors: Kogan A. S. , Lomivorotov V. V. , Deryagin M. N. , Novikov M. A. , Nepomnyashchikh V. A.
Published: December 2018

Hypotensive drug tolerance and liver monooxygenase activity were investigated in 24 refractory arterial hypertension patients before and after surgical suppression of adrenal hyperfunction. Liver monooxygenase activity was studied using antipyrine test. It was found that hypotensive drug tolerance was decreased after one and two side operations on adrenal glands. In parallels halftime of antipyrine elimination was shown to be prolonged by 88.5% in 3 months - 3 years after suppression of adrenal hyperfunction. Our findings suggest that the hypotensive drug tolerance diminution may be the consequence of liver monooxygenase activity reduction. This assumption is in accordance with well known the hypotensive drug metabolism by microsomal liver monooxygenases
Treatment of hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: rihnenidine vs bisoprolol
Authors: Sviryaev Yu. V. , Kitalaeva K. T. , Korostovtceva Lu. S. , Zvartau N. E. , Rotar O. P. , Konradi A. O. , Kalinkin A. L.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study was to compare efficacy of bisoprolol and rilmenidine in patients with 1-2 stage hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). In an open-label controlled randomized study 60 patients received rilmenidine 1-2 mg per day or bisoprolol 5-10 mg per day for 12 weeks. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and polysomnography was performed twice initially and at the end of the study. "Office" blood pressure (BP) and 24-hour BP decreased significantly in both groups. However, in rilmenidine group the normalization of diurnal BP index was more frequently observed as well as decrease of apnea index. The results obtained indicate that rilmenidine is equally effective with bisoprolol as antihypertensive medication, but additionally decrease nighttime BP possibly due to decrease of sympathetic overactivity. Revealed effect on parameters of OSA opens a new spheаre of rilmenidine administration in hypertension.
Structural features of DNAin women with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Anisenkova A. , Kovalev Y. , Kuchinskii A. , Larionova V. , Bogdanova M. , Sukhov V. , Kochanov I.
Published: December 2018

Clinical aspects, risk factors, results of selective coronary angiography, features of DNA-polymorphism (I/D polymorphism of gene ACE, isoalleles polymorphism gene APOE, SsTI polymorphism gene АРОСЗ, С677Т polymorphism of gene MTHFR, 4a/4b, G894T and T786C polymorphisms eNOs) in 89 women with a various degree of a coronary obstruction. In patients with sings of coronary artery atherosclerosis, familial history i heart disease was observed in most cases (greater degree on a line of mother). The obtained data show the reliable role of allele T, genotype CT gene MTHFRand gene-gene interaction of ACE and MTHFR genes (DD и СС, DD и СТ) in development of i heart disease.
Intima-media thickness of the common carotid arteryas an early marker of atherosclerosis in patients withabdominal obesity
Authors: Belyaeva O. , Mandal V. , Ananyeva N. , Berkovich O. , Baranova E. I. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

Severity of atherosclerosis of common carotid arteries in patients with abdominal obesity (aged from 30 to 55 years old) was evaluated by ultrasound duplex scan. Atherosclerotic plaques of common and/or internal carotid arteries were revealed in 35% of patients. Correlations were observed between intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery, blood pressure levels, waist circumference and metabolic parameters.
Impact of metabolic factors and infection at different stages of atherosclerotic process
Authors: Khovaeva Y. , Shavrin A. , Golovskoy B. V.
Published: December 2018

The results of the study of metabolic and infectious factors and immune system parameters connections with vascular wall changes at different stages of atherosclerotic process are presented in the article. The data are based on the results of cluster and correlation analyses. Stable clusters consisted of artery wall parameters, organism contamination, immune system characteristics and metabolic factors were present in all of the examined groups. On the basis of the revealed conformities it is suggested to determine the metabolic syndrome as an infectious-metabolic one which would allow to find new ways of its prophylaxis and treatment.
Omega3-fatty acid (Omacor) therapy for atrial fibrillation prevention after surgical myocardial revascularization (AXIOMA Study)
Authors: Panov A. V. , Gordeev M. , Nilk R. Y. , Korzhenevskaya K. , Usova E.
Published: December 2018

Resume The article contains results of using щ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in atrial fibrillation prevention after myocardial revascularization. Increased coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) rates in Russia require active implementation of methods improving short and long-term outcome. Secondary coronary artery disease prevention includes risk factors control, antiaggregant, beta-adrenoblocker, lipid-lowring and ACE inhibitor therapy. Recent studies have showed beneficial щ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids role in improving CABG outcomes.
Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension
Authors: Shishkin A. N. , Lyndina M. L.
Published: December 2018

The aim of our study was to evaluate whether abnormal endothelial function is present in patients with arterial hypertension. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery using high-resolution ultrasound. In the group of subjects with arterial hypertension endothelial function was significantly impaired (FMD 9,26%), whereas nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation was normal.
Arterial rigidity is the fail-safe marker of endothelial dysfunction at early stages of arterial hypertension
Authors: Brojaka N. A. , Senchikhin V. N. , Lyamina S. V. , Korostova E. A. , Lyamina N. P.
Published: December 2018

The main topic of the article is the assessment of the endothelial dysfunction and the rigidity of arterial wall in the small, medium and large vessels in young patients with short anamnesis of hypertension and with different variability of blood pressure (BP). In young patients even at the beginning of arterial hypertension (AH) the disturbance in rigidity of arterial walls in great and peripheral vessels occurs. The increased variability of BP in young patients with AH is an aggravating factor of the arterial rigidity disturbances. The assessment of arterial rigidity in young patients at the early stages of the disease can elicit the early signs of endothelial dysfunction
Рositron emission tomography in assessment of heart sympathetic nervous system
Authors: Ryzhkova D. , Zykov E. M. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

This article summarizes data of the studies with the use of positron emission tomography (PET) and devotes technical aspects and clinical application of PET for assessment of the autonomic nervous system of the heart in patients with cardiac diseases. According to the results of experimental and clinical studies PET with radiolabeled сatecholamines and adrenoreceptor ligands provides us with information about alteration of cardiac sympathetic innervation at different steps of neurotransmission. It plays a key role in the progression of various heart diseases such as ischemia, diabetes mellitus, heart failure and noncoronary arrhythmia. Cardiac sympathetic neuronal PET imaging seems to be a good tool for the stratification of the risk of the severe cardiovascular complications.
Antihypertensive and cerebroprotective effects of Egiloc retard in hypertensive patients with chronic hypertensive encephalopathy
Authors: Afanasieva N. L. , Rusina A. M. , Mordovin V. F.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study addresses antihypertensive and cerebroprotective effects of long acting metoprolol (Egiloc retard, Egis, Hungary). Materials and methods. 47 objects with I-II stages of hypertension without serious concomitant diseases (25 males and 22 females, average age 51,7 ± 10,6 years) were included. Long acting metoprolol was administered (Egiloc retard, Egis, Hungary) in a dose of 25-100 mg given 1-2 times per day. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), magnetic resonance tomography and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion computer scan of the brain with brain blood flow estimation were performed in all patients initially and after 6-month-therapy. Results. Egiloc retard showed a significant antihypertensive effect according to office and ABPM blood pressure. Egiloc retard normalizes 24-hour blood pressure profile in over-dippers and night-peakers. Subjective amelioration and improvement of functional and structural changes were found in hypertensive patients after 6-month therapy by Egiloc retard. Good tolerance and no significant abnormal changes of glucose and lipid metabolism were observed in patients taking Egiloc retard. It is also shown that Egiloc retard has the cerebroprotective effects.
Gender-age features of cardiac electrophysiological changes IN patients with arterial hypertension.
Authors: Gimayev R. Kh. , Ruzov V. I. , Razin V. A. , Yudina E. E.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The research addresses gender-age features of cardiac electrophysiological changes in patients with arterial hypertension based on a standard electrocardiogram, high-frequency electrocardiogram and cardiointervalography data. Materials and methods. 171 patients with arterial hypertension (97 men and 74 women) aged between 30 -73 years were included. Standard 12- lead electrocardiogram, high-frequency electrocardiogram with the analysis of late potentials of atria (LPA) and ventricles (LPV), and cardiointervalography with an estimation of heart rate variability were performed in all patients. Results. It is stated, that in patients with arterial hypertension, processes of cardiac electrophysiological changes are gender-and-age dependent. In our study women showed a longer QT interval as compared to men, but QT interval prolongation did not depend on the stage of the disease. No essential sexual distinctions were found in QT interval dispersion. LPA were registered more often in male patients, while there was no significant difference in LPV registration. It is worth noting that discussed changes are observed in patients with arterial hypertension, while no significant difference was found in patients without cardiac pathology. Therefore, men show a higher sympathetic activity influencing heart rate in comparison with women. Increased QT interval duration and dispersion was found in older patients with arterial hypertension, while no distinctions in LPA and LPV registration were observed.
Possibilities for the correction of daily blood pressure proﬁle in patients with severe heart failure: A FUTOR (furosemide/torsemide) trial
Authors: Bortsova M. , Sitnikova M. Y. , Dorofeykov V. V. , Fedotov P. A.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To compare the effect of torasemide (Td) and furosemide (Fd) on the daily blood pressure profile (DBPP), blood pressure (BP) during aclive orthostatic test (OT) and dynamics in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in patients with heart failure (HF) III-IV (NYHA). Design and methods. 40 patients with stable HF III-IV (NYHA); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40 %; 90 ≤ systolic BP ≤ 140 mmHg; 60 ≤ diastolic BP ≤ 90 mmHg were included. Clinical status, 6-minute walking test (SWT), BNP and aldosterone levels, quality of live (QL), DBPP, OT were assessed. The patients were randomized into two groups: torasemide group TG (n = 20) receiving Td, and furosemide group (FG) (n = 20) receiving Fd. Results. The patients with lower BP during OT and DBPP had higher level of BNP. The low BP levels complicated with drug titration till the recommended doses for HF reatment. We observed the decrease of HF functional class, BNP level, the increased distance in SWT in both groups. TG showed higher BP levels and less BP decrease during OT that allowed us to achieve the highest β-blockers doses and significantly improve QL. Conclusions. 1. Patients with HF with lower BP during DBPP and more expressed decrease of BP in OT had a higher BNP level. 2. The Fd replacement by Td results in the decrease of orthostatic reaction, optimization of SBPP and more significant positive changes in QL. 3. The replacement Fd by Td allows significantly increasing the doses of β-blockers.
Original drugs and their generics: a problem of choice
Authors: Martsevich S. Y. , Tolpygina S.
Published: December 2018

The main distinctions of original and generic drugs are described, and the registration criteria of generics are given. The article considers the main causes of bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence mismatch of original and generic medicines presenting several examples based on the results of clinical comparative studies, including Enalapril Maleate (comparison of original Renitec and generic Enam). The main approaches of planning the therapeutic equivalence comparative studies are offered.
TGF-beta-dependent mechanisms of patho genesis of Marfan syndrome and related disorders
Authors: Rudoy A. S.
Published: December 2018

Recent research on the molecular physiology of fibrillin and the pathophysiology of Marfan syndrome and related connective tissue disorders has changed our understanding of this pathology by demonstrating changes in growth factor signalling and in matrix-cell interactions. Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations in fibrillin-1. Fibrillin-1 contributes to the regulated activation of the cytokine TGF-ß, and enhanced signaling is a consequence of fibrillin-1 deficiency. Thereby, increased TGF-ß signaling may contribute to the multisystem pathogenesis of Marfan syndrome, including the development of myxomatous changes of the atrioventricular valve, aortic aneurysm and dissection, joint hypermobility syndrome. These data suggest that anti-TGF-β therapeutic strategy for patients with Marfan syndrome can be useful in prevention of the major life-threatening manifestation of this disorder.
Ramipril therapy in the framework of evidence-based medicine
Authors: Goncharova N. , Moiseeva O. M.
Published: December 2018

The article summarizes the available data on ramipril in hypertensive patients of high cardiovascular risk. The results of studies demonstrate strong and long-lasting antihypertensive effect of ramipril. Moreover, ramipril treatment decreases cardiovascular events rate, damage of target organs, atherosclerosis progression and new cases of diabetes mellitus. The treatment by ramipril represents vasculoprotective and renoprotective effects in diabetes patients. Possible antiarrhythmic activity of ramipril is of particular interest in atrial fi brillation. Ramipril shows both high effi cacy and low adverse event rate. All this properties make ramipril extremely attractive for the everyday practice.
The functional state of pituitary-adrenal system in the adolescents and younger males with hy-pertension
Authors: Kubacheva K. K. , Velikanova L. , Vorokhobina N. V. , Silnitskii P. A.
Published: December 2018

Objective. To evaluate the functional condition of pituitary-adrenal system of juveniles and young men with hypertension. Design and methods. 87 juveniles with obesity (including only 69 with hypertension) and 24 normal weight juveniles with hypertension were examined. Results. The laboratory criteria of subclinical Cushing's syndrome and congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 11-β-hydroxylase failure with corticosteroid identification in blood and urine by high-efficiency liquid chromatography at dexamethasone and corticotropin tests were developed.
Prognostic value of the left ventricular hypertrophy for sudden cardiac death in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Boldueva S. , Leonova I. A. , Bykova E. G. , Trostyanetskaya N. A.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study addresses the role of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in development of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The incidence of characteristic features of arrhythmogenic substrate in myocardium (late ventricular potentials, left ventricular ejection fraction) and trigger factors of fatal arrhythmias (decreased heart rate variability, ventricular arrhythmias) was higher in patients with MI and LVH. The level of leukocytes, monocytes and eosinophils, CD-95 lymphocytes was significantly higher in patients with LVH. The incidence of general mortality and of SCD was also higher in group with LVH.
Hemodynamic features and metabolic state in hypertensive patients with stroke
Authors: Kaya E. , Karpenko M. A. , Solntsev V. N.
Published: December 2018

The study addresses hemodynamics and metabolic status in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), complicated by stroke, and its contributing factors. It was demonstrated, that AH is a leading risk factor in patients, who suffered stroke, and daily profile of blood pressure has certain peculiarities. Thus, these patients show diastolic hypertension and increased variability of blood pressure. Early onset of diastolic myocardial dysfunction is often present in patients with AH, complicated by stroke.
Prospective assessment of pre-trip blood pressure and temporary disability in workers of locomotive teams
Authors: Shkodina N. , Bedin A. M. , Smirnova Y. Y. , Lapshina E. A. , Baleevskih L. A. , Zherdakova T. A. , Dzizinskii A. A. , Kuklin S. G.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study addresses estimation of pre-trip blood pressure (BP) and temporary disability at workers of locomotive brigades before and after performing treatment and prevention service in a prospective study. 247 males were included in the study. Results. Average systolic BP during the year was key parameter connected with number of days of temporary disability and quantity of discharges from trip because of the BP increase. Analysis of the discharges from trip by criteria of the automated system of pretrip control because of arterial hypertension (AH) revealed workers of locomotive brigades with AH who had the longest temporary disability. After 3-year-long treatment and prevention service were applied disability cases due to BP extreme variation were not registered in the group without discharges from trip because of BP increases, and there was a 30 % decrease in number of discharges from trips due to BP increase in the group with discharges because of AH.
How to increase patients' compliance in hypertension and dyslipidemia?
Authors: Lopatin Y.
Published: December 2018

The article addresses the problem of treatment hypertensive patients with dyslipidemia. Questions of adherence to antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapy are discussed. Effects of first fixed combination CADUET (amlodopine/atorvastatin) dealing with more than one risk factor are analyzed.