bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What makes the pipeline leak? Women’s gender-based rejection sensitivity and men’s hostile sexism as predictors of expectations of success for their own and the respective other gender group
Authors: Ollrogge Karen , Roswag Malte , Hannover Bettina
Published: October 2022

In academia, the proportion of women decreases with each career level. In this research, we examined how this so-called leaky pipeline relates to gender-based relative expectations of success. The participants were students from social sciences where women are the majority among students, such that it is more readily – but erroneously – inferred that gender discrimination is not an issue. We assumed that gender-based relative expectations of success should be predicted by two variables. Women students should experience higher gender-based rejection sensitivity than men students, with gender-based rejection sensitivity mitigating relative success expectations in women, but not in men. Men students should exhibit higher hostile-sexist attitudes toward women than women students, with hostile sexism reducing men students’ but not women students’ relative success expectations. We tested our hypotheses in an (under-)graduate sample of women and men students enrolled in educational or psychological majors (N = 372). Results show that a quarter of the women students expected men to be more successful than women and that proportionately more women than men students indicated that women have worse chances of success than men in the job they aspire to. Women were more concerned about being treated differently because of their gender than men, and men held more sexist attitudes toward women than women, with gender-based rejection sensitivity contributing to women students’ and sexism to men students’ expectation that their own gender group will less likely succeed in their aimed for future job. Implications how the leaky pipeline can be patched are discussed.
Formal finance and household enterprise performance in Ghana: The gender dimension
Authors: Peng Yiqing , Adjasi Charles Komla Delali
Published: October 2022

In this study, we empirically examine the gender dimension of the effect of formal finance on enterprise performance. While the literature suggests that formal finance, in general, improves firm performance, this effect may differ across firms headed by male and female entrepreneurs since the latter are faced with more severe social, economic, and financial constraints, which undermine their firm performance. Consequently, the effect of finance on firm performance is expected to be weaker in female-headed enterprises. So far, there is little evidence as to whether a gender gap exists regarding the effect of formal finance on firm performance, especially among small household enterprises. To fill the gap in the literature, we use the Ghana Living Standards Survey 2016/2017 and study the effect of formal credit on the productivity of male-headed and female-headed non-farm household enterprises in Ghana. Our results show that a positive effect of formal credit on labor productivity is only found in male-headed enterprises, but not in female-headed ones. We suspect that this result may be explained by women’s relatively less endowment in conditional factors, such as skills, knowledge, experiences, and capabilities.
Research on the impact of clan network on farmers’ entrepreneurial income—The case of China
Authors: Jiang Xiaoli , Wu Qianwen , Wang Lina , Jiang Beirui , Ma Xiao
Published: October 2022

Farmers’ entrepreneurial income is related to poverty alleviation and common prosperity. The clan network is an important social capital for farmers. However, research on effects of this relationship is still scant. We classifies farmers’ social capital as endowed social capital such as clan networks and leapfrogging social capital that needs to be operated. Using the data of CFPS 2010–2018 in China, this study investigates the influence of clan networks and farmers’ entrepreneurial income. Based on the social capital theory, we adopt a semilogarithmic model, and propensity score matching method for robustness checks. The results show that the clan network, as an endowed social capital of farmer, has a significant and positive effect on entrepreneurial income for both men and women. And the clan network has the greatest impact on middle-income farmers. Our results have important implications for policymakers in other developing economies who seek to increase farmers’ income.
Correlation analysis between physicians' evaluations of doctor–patient relationship and their preferences for shared decision-making in China
Authors: Chen Zhuo-Ran , Zhang Li , Chen Ya-Wei , Xu Meng-Yang , Jia Hang , Li Meng-Ying , Lou Yu-Han , Lan Ling
Published: October 2022

Shared decision-making (SDM) is a scientific and reasonable decision-making model. However, whether physicians choose SDM is usually influenced by many factors. It is not clear whether the strained doctor–patient relationship will affect physicians' willingness to choose SDM. Through a survey by questionnaire, 304 physicians' evaluations of doctor–patient relationship (DPR) were quantified by the difficult DPR questionnaire-8. Their preferences for SDM and the reasons were also evaluated. The correlation between physicians' evaluations of DPR and their preferences for SDM were analyzed. 84.5% physicians perceived DPR as poor or strained, 53.3% physicians preferred SDM, mainly because of the influences of medical ethics and social desirability bias. Their preferences for SDM were not significantly correlated with their evaluations of DPR (P > 0.05). Physicians with different evaluations of DPR (good, poor, and strained) all had similar preferences for SDM (42.6, 56.4, and 42.9%), with no significant difference (P > 0.05). There was no correlation between physicians' evaluations of DPR and their preferences for SDM. Physicians' evaluations of poor DPR did not affect their preferences for SDM. This may be influenced by the medical ethics and social desirability bias.
Facilitators and barriers in preventing doping among recreational athletes: A qualitative interview study among police officers
Authors: Kvillemo Pia , Strandberg Anna K. , Elgán Tobias H. , Gripenberg Johanna
Published: October 2022

Background

Doping is a societal problem associated with health problems, violence, and other crimes, especially when combined with alcohol and drugs. Elite, as well as recreational athletes who exercise in gyms may use doping to enhance their performance and/or improve their appearance. According to Swedish law, manufacturing, selling, supplying, possessing, and using anabolic androgenic steroids and growth hormones is forbidden. Exceptions apply if these substances are used for medical purposes and prescribed by doctors. As doping is illegal, the police authority is vital in counteracting doping.

Aim

We aimed to identify facilitators and barriers to effective doping prevention at gyms by examining police officers' views on doping as a societal problem, their experiences of doping prevention efforts, and their perceptions on what enables or hinders doping prevention.

Methods

Interviews with police officers (n = 15) were conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A targeted content analysis of the material was performed.

Results

Facilitators for effective doping prevention involving the police included the recognition of doping as a societal problem; mobilization of key actors; motivated police management and officers; adequate resource allocation; collaboration between the police, gyms, and other relevant authorities; and skills development for police and other professions. Barriers to effective doping prevention included a lack of knowledge about doping, time-consuming processes around the detection and collection of evidence in doping offenses, and competing tasks for police officers.

Conclusion

Doping prevention should become more efficient by taking advantage of existing facilitators and removing remaining barriers. This study could guide recommendations linked to the police organization and the surrounding society regarding doping prevention.
Trends of myopia development among primary and junior school students in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period
Authors: Zhou Wen , Li Qin , Chen Hongyan , Liao Ya , Wang Wei , Pei Yifei , Li Suyan , Zhang Wenxuan , Wang Qian , Wang Xiaojuan
Published: October 2022

Purpose

To investigate the trends of myopia among primary and junior school students in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period.

Method

A prospective of cross-sectional study using spot photoscreenings in 123,538 children among primary and junior school students from 2019 to 2021 was conducted to evaluate the development of myopia in Xuzhou, China in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period. Equivalent refraction and the prevalence of myopia were recorded.

Results

The spherical equivalent refraction of myopia decreased across all grades except grade 1 (0.23 ± 0.56 D in 2019, 0.24 ± 0.63 D in 2020) from 2019 to 2020. However, refraction exhibited a hyperopic shift in 2021 compared to 2020 for grades 1–5 (no significant decreased for grade 4). The prevalence of myopia in all grades increased in 2020 compared to 2019, and the most dramatic changes were observed from grades 2–5 and grades 7–8 (P < 0.05). The changes in myopia prevalence in grades 1–4 were mild, and the reduction in myopia for Grade 5 is significant from 2020 to 2021. Nevertheless, students in grades 6 and 9 exhibited the greatest growth in myopia prevalence (P < 0.01). All grades had higher myopia prevalence in 2021 compared with 2019, except grade 1 (P = 0.25). The prevalence of myopia in girls was higher compared with boys, and the urban myopia prevalence was higher than in rural areas over the 3 years except in 2019 (P = 0.18).

Conclusions

The prevalence of myopia increased during the COVID-19 epidemic. However, the spherical equivalent refraction of lower grade children drifted to hyperopia and the trends of myopia development remained stable in the post-COVID-19 epidemic period. We should be more concerned about the prevalence of myopia in graduating for the primary or junior grades in the future.
Needs assessment survey of healthcare providers’ perceptions and practices regarding delirium prevention at a university medical center
Authors: Alghamdi Bushra , Koroukian Siran M. , Kresevic Denise , Drummond Colin K.
Published: October 2022

Background: Despite the high prevalence and serious implications of delirium, identification, tracking, and documentation of the condition remain a challenge for the health care team, impeding management of patients. This survey is the first phase of a qualitative study to build a conversational agent-based tool for screening and managing delirium-prone patients.

Objectives: To assess healthcare providers’ perceptions of delirium management, focusing on patient assessment, therapeutic interventions, and subsequent communication and documentation.

Design: An electronic web-based survey was distributed to healthcare providers identified as caring for inpatient acutely ill older adults admitted for medical and orthopedic surgery needs. Respondent contact information was removed to preserve anonymity.

Setting: A 1,000 bed university-affiliated teaching hospital in an urban setting.

Participants: 23 residents in family practice, 36 residents in internal medicine, and a total of 492 advanced care nurses, nurses, and clinical staff.

Approach: The analysis of survey responses provided insight into providers’ current experiences with delirium assessment tools including computerized documentation, as well as their perceptions and attitudes toward delirium prevention.

Key results: Most respondents (89%) thought delirium could be prevented, and 85% thought targeting delirium risk factors was helpful. Fifty one percent reported patients’ loneliness and need for companionship, and 65% believed delirium was linked to higher mortality. Only 14% of respondents thought existing Electronic Health Record (EHR) alerts to identify high-risk delirium patients were useful, and 38% thought current delirium assessment protocols were helpful. In addition, 33% of nurses never received formal delirium prevention training, and 48% indicated that they needed improved systems to assess and manage patients at risk for delirium.

Conclusion: A majority of providers affirmed that current delirium protocols are helpful; however, existing screening instruments and methods for documentation are cumbersome, resulting in incomplete or limited documentation of episodes. These barriers lead to an understatement of evidence available for continuous improvement of the patient management process.
Artificial intelligence assisted acute patient journey
Authors: Nazir Talha , Mushhood Ur Rehman Muhammad , Asghar Muhammad Roshan , Kalia Junaid S.
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence is taking the world by storm and soon will be aiding patients in their journey at the hospital. The trials and tribulations of the healthcare system during the COVID-19 pandemic have set the stage for shifting healthcare from a physical to a cyber-physical space. A physician can now remotely monitor a patient, admitting them only if they meet certain thresholds, thereby reducing the total number of admissions at the hospital. Coordination, communication, and resource management have been core issues for any industry. However, it is most accurate in healthcare. Both systems and providers are exhausted under the burden of increasing data and complexity of care delivery, increasing costs, and financial burden. Simultaneously, there is a digital transformation of healthcare in the making. This transformation provides an opportunity to create systems of care that are artificial intelligence-enabled. Healthcare resources can be utilized more justly. The wastage of financial and intellectual resources in an overcrowded healthcare system can be avoided by implementing IoT, telehealth, and AI/ML-based algorithms. It is imperative to consider the design principles of the patient's journey while simultaneously prioritizing a better user experience to alleviate physician concerns. This paper discusses the entire blueprint of the AI/ML-assisted patient journey and its impact on healthcare provision.
Amplification-free nucleic acid detection with a fluorescence-based waveguide biosensor
Authors: Kocheril Philip A. , Lenz Kiersten D. , Jacobsen Daniel E. , Kubicek-Sutherland Jessica Z.
Published: October 2022

Early detection of pathogens using nucleic acids in clinical samples often requires sensitivity at the single-copy level, which currently necessitates time-consuming and expensive nucleic acid amplification. Here, we describe 1) a redesigned flow cell in the shape of a trapezoid-subtracted geometric stadium, and 2) modified experimental procedures that allow for the measurement of sub-attomolar analytes in microliter quantities on a fluorescence-based waveguide biosensor. We verified our instrumental sensitivity with a 200-μL sample of a fluorescent streptavidin conjugate at 100 zM (100 zeptomolar, or 100·10−21 mol L−1) and theoretically explored the applicability of this modified sensing platform in a sandwich immunoassay format using a Langmuir adsorption model. We present assays that demonstrate specific detection of synthetic influenza A DNA (in buffer) and RNA (in saliva) oligonucleotides at the single-copy level (200 μL at 10 zM) using a fluorescent molecular beacon. Lastly, we demonstrate detection of isolated genomic influenza A RNA at a clinically relevant concentration. This work constitutes a sensitivity improvement of over twelve orders of magnitude compared to our previous nucleic acid detection work, illustrating the significant enhancements that can be gained with optimized experimental design.
Altered movement strategy during functional movement after an ACL injury, despite ACL reconstruction
Authors: Stenroth Lauri , Bartholdy Cecilie , Schwarz Larsen Jonas , Sørensen Mads Skipper , Smale Kenneth B. , Flaxman Teresa E. , Benoit Daniel L. , Krogsgaard Michael R. , Alkjær Tine
Published: October 2022

Knee joint functional deficits are common after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, but different assessment methods of joint function seem to provide contradicting information complicating recovery monitoring. We previously reported improved perceived knee function and functional performance (forward lunge ground contact time) in patients with an ACL injury from pre to 10 months post ACL reconstruction without improvement in knee-specific biomechanics. To further investigate this discrepancy, we additionally analyzed knee extensor and flexor muscle strength, and movement quality in the forward lunge (subjective and objective evaluations) and performed a full lower limb biomechanical analysis of the forward lunge movement. We included 12 patients with an ACL injury (tested before and after ACL reconstructive surgery) and 15 healthy controls from the previous study to the current investigation. Outcome measures were obtained pre and ~11 months post ACL reconstruction for the patients and at a single time point for the controls. Objective movement quality in the patients with an ACL injury showed an improvement from their pre reconstruction surgery visit to the post reconstruction visit but this was not observable in the subjective evaluation. Knee extensor muscle strength declined after the ACL reconstruction by 29% (p = 0.002) and both knee extensors (p < 0.001) and flexors (p = 0.027) were weaker in the patients post ACL reconstruction compared to healthy controls. ACL injured patients had an altered movement strategy in the forward lunge with reduced knee extensors contribution and increased hip extensor contribution compared to the controls both before and after the reconstruction. The altered movement strategy was associated with knee extensor muscle strength. This explorative study with a limited sample size found that clinicians should be aware that significant functional deficits in the knee extensor muscles, both in isolated muscle strength testing and during a functional movement, may be present although patients perceive an improvement in their knee function and present good functional performance without obvious movement quality issues.
Clinical and radiological outcomes of jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review
Authors: Wang Qiuyuan , Wang Qi , Liu Pei , Ge Juncheng , Zhang Qidong , Guo Wanshou , Wang Weiguo
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Many studies have reported the clinical outcomes of a jumbo cup in revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) with acetabular bone defect. We conducted a systematic review to access the survivorship and clinical and radiological outcomes of a jumbo cup in rTHA.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed with the keywords (“revision” OR “revision surgery” OR “revision arthroplasty”) AND (“total hip arthroplasty” OR “total hip replacement” OR “THA” OR “THR”) AND (“jumbo cup” OR “jumbo component” OR “extra-large cup” OR “extra-large component”). Studies reporting the clinical or radiological outcomes were included. The basic information and radiological and clinical results of these studies were extracted and summarized for analysis.

Results

A total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review. The analysis of clinical results included 953 hips in 14 studies. The re-revision-free survivorship of the jumbo cup was 95.0% at a mean follow-up of 9.3 years. Dislocation, aseptic loosening, and periprosthetic joint infection were the top three complications with an incidence of 5.9%, 3.0%, and 2.1%, respectively. The postrevision hip center was relatively elevated 10.3 mm on average; the mean postoperative leg-length discrepancy was 5.4 mm.

Conclusion

A jumbo cup is a favorable option for acetabular bone defect reconstruction in rTHA with satisfying survivorship and acceptable complication rates.
Multiple ossified spinal meningiomas in the thoracic spine: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dong Chunke , Liu Yi , Zhu Yuting , Wei Hongyu , Ma Yuzhuo
Published: October 2022

Background

Ossified spinal meningioma (OSM) is a rare form of a spinal tumor. The surgical strategies and pathologic findings related to OSM have been investigated in recent years. However, multiple OSMs are rarely reported. Here, we intend to present a rare case of multiple OSMs and review the relevant published literature.

Case Presentation

A 76-year-old woman experienced a progressive sensorimotor disturbance in her bilateral lower limbs for the past 2 years. She complained of inability to walk, urinary incontinence, and chronic constipation when referred to our hospital. A neurological examination revealed a diminished sensation below the bilateral T7, and her neurological status was Nurick Grade 6. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple intradural-extramedullary neoplasms at the T7–T11 level. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed five high-density masses of varying sizes in the spinal canal at the T7–T12 level. The patient underwent tumor resection through T7–T11 laminectomy. A histopathological examination revealed multiple OSMs.

Conclusion

We reported a rare case of multiple OSMs in an elderly patient. After one-stage complete resection, the patient recovered with satisfactory curative effect. Although elderly patients will face various postoperative complications due to their poor physical condition, we still recommend one-stage complete resection of multiple OSMs to reduce recurrence.
Evidence of a Bacilliform Virus Causing Outbreaks of Whitespot Disease in Penaeus monodon H. Milne Edwards in India
Authors:   Environmental Microbiology Laboratory School of Environmental Studies (School of Marine Sciences) Cochin University of Science and Technology Cochin 682 016, India, SEN A.
Published: October 2022

Whitespot virus could be experimentally transmitted from infected Penaeus monodon to P. indicns and repeatedly passed on through several batches of apparently healthy P. indicus. During these passages, white spots first disappeared before subsequently reappearing. Electron microscopic studies revealed the presence of oblong-shaped, fully-assembled virus towards the periphery and virus in paracrystalline arrays towards the center of the hypertrophied nuclei. The virus isolated here is referred to as whitespot syndrome baculovirus (WSBV) until more is known of its antigenic and genomic relatedness to isolates from other countries.
Presence of the Two Viral Pathogens WSSV and MBV in Three Wild Shrimp Species (Penaeus indicus, Metapenaeus ensis and Metapenaeus lysianassa) Cultured in the Mangrove Forest of Ca Mau Province
Authors: HAO N.V.
Published: October 2022

The aim of this research was to determine the presence of the two viral pathogens White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Monodon Baculovirus (MBV) in three wild shrimp species cultured in the mangrove forest of Ca Mau province by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and histological techniques. The study also sought to determine the season during which mass mortality occurs more frequently, the correlation between the presence of WSSV and MBV and some main water quality parameters of the mangrove in both mixed and separate models. The results of this research show that WSSV was simultaneously present in wild shrimp seeds and Acetes spp. during January, April, and May while MBV was present all year round. Pathogen was detected more often in the separate model. WSSV was present in shrimp at harvest in most of the samples, especially in. the ones collected during the rainy season and in the middle of the dry season. MBV at harvest appeared throughout the whole year with a higher prevalence during the rainy season. Mass mortality occurred four times during the sampling period (i.e. January, June, July and October). This phenomenon was associated with the presence of WSSV at high prevalence and intensity.
Dictionary Based Arabic Text Compression and Encryption Utilizing Two-Dimensional Random Binary Shuffling Operations
Authors: Al-Jarrah Ahmad , Al-Jarrah Mohammad , Albsharat Amer
Published: October 2022

This paper developed Arabic text encryption and compression based on dictionary indexing algorithm. The proposed algorithm includes encoding the Arabic text utilizing Arabic words dictionary, mapping encoded binary stream to a two-dimensional binary matrix, utilizing randomized variable size encryption key, applying randomly binary shuffling functions on the two-dimensional matrix, and mapping back the two-dimensional binary matrix into a sequential binary stream. The decryption algorithm at the receiver side implements the encryption steps reversely, utilizing the encryption key and the shared Arabic word dictionary. In this dictionary, the words of the formal Arabic language are classified into four categories according to the word length and sorted alphabetically. Each dictionary category is given an index size that is large enough to fit all words in that category. The proposed algorithm shuffles adjacent bits away from each other in random fashion through utilizing randomized variable length encryption key, two-dimensional shuffling functions, and repetition loop. Moreover, the index size is selected not to be multiple bytes to destroy any statistical feature that may be utilized to break the algorithm. The proposed algorithm analysis concluded that it could be broken after 3.215∗109 years. Moreover, the proposed algorithm achieved a less than 30% compression ratio.
An Improved Quantile-Point-Based Evolutionary Segmentation Representation Method of Financial Time Series
Authors: Liu Lei , Pei Zheng , Chen Peng , Gao Zhisheng , Gan Zhihao
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Effective and concise feature representation is crucial for time series mining. However, traditional time series feature representation approaches are inadequate for Financial Time Series (FTS) due to FTS' complex, highly noisy, dynamic and non-linear characteristics. Thus, we proposed an improved linear segmentation method named MS-BU-GA in this work. The critical data points that can represent financial time series are added to the feature representation result. Specifically, firstly, we propose a division criterion based on the quantile segmentation points. On the basis of this criterion, we perform segmentation of the time series under the constraint of the maximum segment fitting error. Then, a bottom-up mechanism is adopted to merge the above segmentation results under the maximum segment fitting error. Next, we apply Genetic Algorithm (GA) to the merged results for further optimization, which reduced the overall segment representation fitting error and the integrated factor of segment representation error and number of segments. The experimental result shows that the MS-BU-GA has outperformed existing methods in segment number and representation error. The overall average representation error is decreased by 21.73% and the integrated factor of the number of segments and the segment representation error is reduced by 23.14%.
An ML-Based Classification Scheme for Analyzing the Social Network Reviews of Yemeni People
Authors: Al-Braihy Emran , Dan Wang , Ullah Khan Rafiulla , Ullah Khan Mohib
Published: October 2022

The social network allows individuals to create public and semi-public web-based profiles to communicate with other users in the network and online interaction sources. Social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, etc., are prime examples of the social network, which enable people to express their ideas, suggestions, views, and opinions about a particular product, service, political entity, and affairs. This research introduces an Machine Learning-based (ML-based) classification scheme for analyzing the social network reviews of Yemeni people using data mining techniques. A constructed dataset consisting of 2000 MSA and Yemeni dialects records used for training and testing purposes along with a test dataset consisting of 300 Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and Yemeni dialects records used to demonstrate the capacity of our scheme. Four supervised machine learning algorithms were applied and a comparison was made of performance algorithms based on Accuracy, Recall, Precision and F-measure. The results show that the Support Vector Machine algorithm outperformed the others in terms of Accuracy on both training and testing datasets with 90.65% and 90.00, respectively. It is further noted that the accuracy of the selected algorithms was influenced by noisy and sarcastic opinions.
Text Mining Approaches for Dependent Bug Report Assembly and Severity Prediction
Authors: Luaphol Bancha , Polpinij Jantima , Kaenampornpan Manasawee
Published: October 2022

In general, most existing bug report studies focus only on solving a single specific issue. Considering of multiple issues at one is required for a more complete and comprehensive process of bug fixing. We took up this challenge and proposed a method to analyze two issues of bug reports based on text mining techniques. Firstly, dependent bug reports are assembled into an individual cluster and then the bug reports in each cluster are analyzed for their severity. The method of dependent bug report assembly is experimented with threshold-based similarity analysis. Cosine similarity and BM25 are compared with term frequency (tf) weighting to obtain the most appropriate method. Meanwhile, four classification algorithms namely Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM) with the RBF kernel function, Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) are utilized to model the bug severity predictor with four term weighting schemes, i.e., tf, term frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf), term frequency-inverse class frequency (tf-icf), and term frequency-inverse gravity moment (tf-igm). After the experimentation process, BM25 was found to be the most appropriate for dependent bug report assemblage, while for severity prediction using tf-icf weighting on the RF method yielded the best performance value.
Fibrous Dysplasia of Temporal Bone: Literature Review
Authors: Диаб Х.М. , Дайхес Н.А. , Сайдулаев В.А. , Юнусов А.С. , Пащинина О.А. , Умаров П.У. , Терехина Л.И.
Published: October 2022

Фиброзная дисплазия (ФД) – это медленно прогрессирующее доброкачественное заболевание костной ткани неизвестной этиологии, неопределенного патогенеза и разнообразной гистопатологической картины, при котором поражается 1 или несколько костей. ФД чаще поражает кости черепа, длинные кости и ребра. Поражение височной кости при фиброзной дисплазии наблюдается реже и обычно бывает односторонним.Клинически ФД височной кости (ВК) характеризуется деформацией пораженной области, стенозом наружного канала, головной болью, прогрессирующей кондуктивной и/или нейросенсорной тугоухостью, шумом в ушах, в некоторых случаях головокружением с тошнотой и рвотой. Диагностика ФД проводится по данным клинических, рентгенологических, гистологических и генетических исследований. Оптимального лечения фиброзной дисплазии не существует, оно зависит от многих факторов. Хирургическое лечение проводится в объеме частичной резекции патологической ткани, каналопластики, мастоидэктомии, радикальной операции на среднем ухе, закрытой санирующей операции, тимпанопластики.

Fibrous dysplasia is a slowly progressing benign bony disease of unknown etiology, uncertain pathogenesis and a diverse histopathological picture, in which one or more bones are affected. Fibrous dysplasia more often affects the bones of the skull, tubular bones and ribs. The lesion of the temporal bone with Fibrous dysplasia is observed less often and is usually unilateral.Clinically, fibrous dysplasia of temporal bone is characterized by deformity of the affected area, stenosis of the external auditory canal, headache, progressive conductive and/ or sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, in some cases – dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia is carried out according to clinical, radiological, histological and genetic examination. There is no optimal treatment for fibrous dysplasia, it depends on many factors. In some cases surgical treatment is carried out: partial resection of pathological tissue, canaloplasty, canal wall up or canal wall down mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty.
Comparison of Fund Managers’ Perception and Behavior toward Real Estate Investment Risk Factors
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Research Institute, Min Seong Hun
Published: October 2022

The role of fund managers in the real estate market with asymmetric information is critical. They connect investors to assets and set the consensus on the risk-return profile of real estate investment. This study compares real estate fund managers’ perception and behavior toward risk factors in real estate investment to investigate their rationality. An AHP based on a survey measures perception, and a regression analysis on risk premiums calculated from target returns and risk free rates estimates behavior.
The AHP results show that the investment position is perceived as the most important risk factor, followed by region, sector, timing, and lease condition in that order. Other factors, such as fund size, number of properties, property area, and investment vehicle type, are not perceived as important. The regression analysis yields somewhat similar results. The most important factor raising the risk premium is the investment position, followed by region, timing, property area, and the number of properties in that order. Other factors such as lease condition, investment vehicle type, fund size, and sector are insignificant. Comparing the two results, we can determine that the perception and behavior of fund managers are consistent. The consistency is more noticeable among key risk factors.
Estándares en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación para la formación inicial docente: situación actual y el caso chileno
Authors: Silva Juan , Gros Begoña , Garrido José Miguel , Rodríguez Jaime
Published: October 2022

Actualmente, existe la necesidad creciente de que todos los docentes, ya sea los que están en ejercicio como aquellos que ingresarán al sistema escolar, estén en condiciones de aprovechar los diferentes recursos tecnológicos para incorporarlos en forma efectiva en su práctica profesional. Por ello, levantar unos estándares en estas materias permitirá orientar y mejorar la forma en que los recursos tecnológicos son incorporados a la docencia.Este artículo tiene como objetivo, describir el estado del arte respecto a estándares TIC para la formación inicial de los docentes y relevar los estándares existentes en Chile. En el marco teórico, se presenta el concepto de estándar y la revisión bibliográfica de estándares TIC en la formación docente. Para su elaboración se buscaron, sistematizaron y analizaron las principales iniciativas desarrolladas a nivel internacional considerando la experiencia Norteamericana, Europea y Latinoamericana. Finalmente, se presenta "los estándares" existentes en Chile en dos modalidades: Red Enlaces, que se desprende de la capacitación que se imparte a través de la Red de Asistencia Técnica de Enlaces (RATE) y los programas de formación docente de alguna de las Universidades Públicas del país.
Neighborhood violent crime and juvenile delinquency: Longitudinal mediation effect of aggression
Authors:   The Correction Welfare Society of Korea, Kim JoonBeom
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the longitudinal role of level of neighborhood violent crime as a local risk factor on adolescents' aggression and their delinquency. Study analyses are based on 3rd, 5th, 6th, and 7th (hereafter each 'T1', 'T2', 'T3', 'T4) survey data waves from 1,829 (954 males and 875 females) in the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey 2010 (KCYPS), a national representative adolescents panel survey. We utilized a latent growth model (LGM) of aggression using neighborhood violent crime level at T1 as a predictor and juvenile delinquency at T4 as an outcome predicted by the LGM of aggression. Main results of this study are as follows; First, participants living in high-violent crime neighborhood showed higher aggression from T1 to T4, and delinquency at T4. Second, high-violent crime neighborhood at T1 predicted aggression at T1 which mediated the association between high-violent crime neighborhood at T1 and juvenile delinquency at T4. The results suggest level of neighborhood violent crime may affect baseline of individual aggression and later delinquency indirectly. Policies aiming at dealing and reducing with aggression in early-adolescence are essential strategies to reduce later juvenile delinquency, especially in neighborhood with high levels of violent crime.
A Study on the Influence of Middle School Students' CU Traits on Problem Behavior: Through stress in the family
Authors:   The Correction Welfare Society of Korea, Jeong Mun-Gyung
Published: October 2022

This study aims to investigate the effect of CU characteristics of middle school students on problem behavior and to verify the mediating effect of stress in the family.
This was intended to provide a foundation for counseling teachers in schools to provide useful data for counseling by reducing problem behavior of adolescents and stress that may occur at home.
In order to achieve the purpose of the study, a preliminary survey of 60 copies of middle school students in Seoul related to this researcher showed high reliability with Cronbach's α value of .88. From June 3 to June 20, 2020, 481 copies of the questionnaire were distributed by visiting and commissioning middle schools in person.
In this study, a correlation analysis was conducted using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program, and an independent sample t-test was conducted to verify the difference in major variables according to gender. The analysis results accordingly are as follows.
First, it was confirmed that the CU characteristics of middle school students had a significant and positive effect on problem behavior.
Second, it was confirmed that the CU characteristics of middle school students had a significant positive effect on family relationship stress.
Third, it was found that the family relationship stress of middle school students had a significant positive effect on problem behavior.
Fourth, the CU characteristics of middle school students partially mediated the relationship between family relationship stress and problem behavior.
Adaptive control system for structurally undefined thermal power plant on set of functioning states
Authors: Eremin E. L. , Nikiforova L. V. , Telichenko D. A. , Shelenok E. A.
Published: October 2022

In this paper the synthesis of adaptive control law for thermal power plant with input delay with a step-bystep changing dynamics is considered. The plant operates under conditions of a priori parametric and structural uncertainties when measuring only output signal. The structure of control system with an implicit reference model includes a predictor-compensator, command and output correction filters.
PERKEMBANGAN SMART CITY TANGERANG SELATAN TAHUN 2016-2021
Authors: Azmi Irfan Aufar , Djunaedi Achmad
Published: October 2022

Uneven development causes the level of urbanization to be higher, which causes urban problems in both physical and non-physical forms. Based on this, the City of South Tangerang is increasing the development of the city into a Smart City. This study examines the stages of development of South Tangerang City into a smart city. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, with data collection techniques using interview techniques, in-depth observation, and documentation studies. Research theory using city management, and smart city. The results of this study are the stages of South Tangerang City towards Smart City in 2016-2021 is a development that can be said to be short, consisting of three stages. The first stage 2016-2017 is the preparation stage in the form of internal strengthening. The second stage 2017-2018 is the planning stage in the form of policy formulation and implementation guidelines for Smart City. And the third stage (2018-2021) which is the stage of implementing the plan in the form of achieving targets and indicators that are continuously monitored and evaluated. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the stages planned by the South Tangerang government in building a smart city can fulfill the smart city vision.
Aspectos regionales de las tarifas residenciales de energía eléctrica en la Argentina
Authors:   , García Thomas Agustín
Published: October 2022

La tesis realiza un estudio de diferentes aspectos de la tarificación de la energía eléctrica para las distintas provincias de Argentina a enero 2018: se realiza una descripción del sector eléctrico, se evalúan las estructuras tarifarias, se realiza un análisis económico de los diferentes cuadros tarifarios, se computan las discrepancias entre las tarifas según las diferentes provincias y se analiza a la tarifa social nacional. Los principales resultados obtenidos son: - La tarifa en dos partes es la estructura tarifaria elegida por las empresas distribuidoras - Existen diferencias tarifarias entre provincias tanto en tarifa plena como en la social - Para niveles de consumo de 150 y 300 Kwh/mes se cobran tarifas más altas en las zonas sur, norte y atlántica de Provincia de Buenos Aires, Córdoba y Santa Fe. Las tarifas más bajas se exhiben en las regiones de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Santa Cruz y La Pampa. - Para consumos de 450 y 600 kwh/mes se cobran tarifas más altas en zona sur y norte de Provincia de Buenos Aires y Córdoba. Las regiones donde se cobran tarifas más bajas son Santa Cruz, La Pampa, La Rioja y Catamarca.
Icons
Authors: Waihiga John , Kiboi John M.
Published: October 2022

As long as we remained within the Orthodox Church circles, worshiping and studying, there was no clear explanation on what icons stands for, or are meant to be. It was after venturing into theological training, at a Protestant ecumenical University, that the challenge of understanding icons was unveiled. Historically, Iconoclasm, a medieval period controversy, led to a schism in the Church and persecutions of the iconodules. Apparently, the persecutions did not bring to an end the question whether icons were idols or not. Listening to the public crusades by Protestant churches, it is not uncommon to hear condemnation of icons, especially from the Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches. This research article sets on the premise that if transcendentalism, as developed by John Macquarrie and Bernard Lonergan, is used to explain the use of icons in worship, the meaning and use of icons will be understood and thus appreciated in a multi-denominational context. The research was both field and library based. In field research, non-probability sampling was used and data collected was tabulated using nvivo tools.
Recurso de afrontamiento “locus de control” en enfermeros y pacientes: una revisión sistemática de estudios longitudinales
Authors: Soriano-Sánchez José-Gabriel , Jiménez-Vázquez David
Published: October 2022

Background: The locus of control is an important personal coping resource that exerts great relevance as it is considered a protective factor before other behavioral, attitudinal and/or affective variables. The locus of control favors that, in the presence of heart disease, the individual witnesses its symptoms and chooses to seek help, which facilitates achieving better results in the diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective strategies to reduce the delay in decision making when faced with experiences that affect health. Objective: to identify through a systematic review the importance of interventions on locus of control in nurses and patients. Method: a qualitative study was carried out by searching for articles in different databases, specifically PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO.  A total of 122 studies were obtained which, after applying the established inclusion criteria, left 4 investigations for review. Results: The results revealed that locus of control was related to working memory and perceived health, greater internal control and mental health. Conclusion: Further research is suggested to advance the role of locus of control on the nurse's or patient's personality.
Assessment of the Health Status of Children Exposed to Industrial
Toxicants in the Towns with Developed Non-Ferrous Metallurgy of the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors: Kadnikova Ekaterina P.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: In the Sverdlovsk Region, the risks posed by cadmium, arsenic and lead exposures account for higher disease rates in the most sensitive groups of population. Recent studies have shown that these toxicants have an effect on mineral metabolism, damage to liver cells, kidneys, immunity indicators, and the nervous system.
Objective: To assess the levels of cadmium, lead and arsenic in biological fluids of preschool children aged 3–6 years, living in towns with developed non-ferrous metallurgy, and possible changes in the health status at the detected level of toxicity.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted in six towns of the Sverdlovsk Region with developed non-ferrous metallurgy. Environmental pollution in the study areas was assessed based on data of socio-hygienic monitoring. Biological monitoring was carried out to establish the levels of toxicants in blood and urine of children. A descriptive analysis of chronic morbidity in preschool children was performed, and the results of a special health examination of children (including that by a pediatrician and a neurologist) were presented. Mathematical modeling using decision trees was carried out.
Results: Health monitoring data indicate an excess of the average regional prevalence rates in the studied preschoolers in nine disease categories. According to the results of an in-depth examination of the preschool children, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, diseases of the respiratory system, blood diseases and individual disorders involving the immune mechanism, and digestive diseases prevailed. Among concomitant diseases, the most prevalent were diseases of the digestive, nervous, and respiratory systems. Assessment of the neurological status showed that the largest percentage of children had residual cerebral insufficiency, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and cerebrastenic syndrome. Biomonitoring results indicated a higher level of lead, arsenic and cadmium in the biological fluids of those children. Mathematical modeling demonstrated statistically significant correlations between lead, cadmium, and arsenic concentrations in environmental objects, biomonitoring results, and clinical and laboratory examination data of children (the blood levels of alanine aminotransferase, zinc, total protein, phagocytic index, and the carrier of the marker of apoptosis CD95+).
Conclusions: The results of biological monitoring were consistent with data on chronic morbidity in preschool children. Modeling data provided the body burden of toxicants, above which deviations of clinical and laboratory parameters from the reference values may occur. The findings can be used in implementation of targeted measures for disease prevention.