bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenge and Innovation in Building the Green and Sustainable Transportation System at Universitas Diponegoro
Authors: Ambariyanto  , Utama Yos Johan , Ariyanti Dessy , Sugianto Denny Nugroho , Dewi Candra Ayu , Sayekti Wuri
Published: July 2023

Transportation is considered to be one of the largest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions with 20-28% in 2020. Universitas Diponegoro is committed to accelerating the achievement of SDGs at the local and grassroots levels. One of the initiatives is to take action on carbon emission reduction through a systematic planning in the transportation system at the University considering Green and Sustainability concept. The objective of this study is to map the challenge and Innovation in the transportation system implemented at the University. The study includes the calculation of carbon emissions from transportation subjects produced by the mobility of the faculty members as well as students within the University. The result can be used as reference to plan an initiative or program or even infrastructure that supports the Green and Sustainable Transportation System at Universitas Diponegoro.
Eco-Friendly Activities for Enhancement of Biodiversity and Energy Conservation in and around Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri Campus
Authors: Yadapadithaya P. S. , Naik P. , Pattabhi M. , Vishalakshi B. , Sreepada K.S. , Chalannavar R. K. , Govindaraju B.M. , Tharavathy N.C.
Published: July 2023

Rapid developmental activities in terms of urbanization and industrialization coupled with population pressure paved the way for an alarming increase in the degradation of the quality of the environment and biodiversity. Educational institutions have a special responsibility not only to decipher the knowledge, but also to motivate students and the general public by practicing and implementing various eco-friendly strategies. In this perspective, Mangalore University since its inception has been making its best efforts to implement and carry out many environment-friendly activities on the campus and outside. In continuation to the regular practice of implementing many green initiatives, during the academic year 2021-22, the university has carried out special plantation drives and additional rainwater harvesting systems. Further, motivated to implement the eco-friendly activities and projects in the Government schools adopted by Mangalore University with the intention of sensitizing pupils toward the environment. Altogether, it helped in maintaining the green ambiance along with further enrichment of biodiversity in and around the campus.
The Circular Economy Concept of Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Thailand
Authors: Charmondusit Kitikorn , Mahisavariya Banchong
Published: July 2023

Mahidol University is the leader of sustainable higher education institute of Thailand, which has been transformed to be “A promise place to live and learn together with nature”. In order to reach the sustainable development goals, the sustainability strategy was implemented through research, innovation, education, operation, and community engagement. The circular economy concept by closing loop of waste generation from the campus activity was presented. The organic waste management by segregations of food waste and yard waste through the fermentation process was implemented. The recycle waste bank program has been initiated with in campus and primary school outside. The cooperation platform with private sector in order to build a network on waste management was developed as incentives to reduce household waste.
Infrastructure, curriculum delivery and service provision improvements made by the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka in transforming education towards sustainability in the midst of economic crisis, in post-covid 19 pandemic period.
Authors: Indunil G M , Kumari T M C P , Subasinghe C W
Published: July 2023

Covid-19 pandemic followed by the economic crisis that engulfed Sri Lanka (SL) has forced us to redefine strategies in transforming education towards sustainability. During and after the pandemic period, the University of Kelaniya (UOK) invested in multiple upgrades to its learning management system, server capacities, wifi access points, web-based educational resources, and development of human capital both academic and academic support. This preparedness has enabled UOK to continue academic activities in the midst of the current economic crisis in SL. Though distance learning was critical during the pandemic, university provides indispensable physical and social space. When resuming onsite learning, to enable an inclusive and conducive environment in classrooms, UOK is meeting green building ratings for its new constructions. Low-cost, on-campus student accommodations were improved in numbers, facilities, and access to differently-abled. Further, to ensure access to quality education despite the crippled economy and food scarcity, a cafeteria was converted into an energy-efficient, self-sustaining, non-profit venture that provides affordable, nutritional meals. Large scale vegetable cultivation project was initiated using compost produced as part of the solid waste management plan at the university to support the cafeteria. Simultaneously, support programs and awareness programs were conducted on managing mental health, nutritional requirements, and finances in an economic crisis. These programs were extended to the community with the support of students, facilitating education through social engagements. Last, despite budget cuts, funding for research was secured, with the hope of transforming education at UOK towards a sustainable future.
Management, Innovation and Sustainability: the evolution of the regulations of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Carvalho L C , Solano L B , Costa J V
Published: July 2023

The tripod guide of the actions of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Foundation (UFMS) is based on management, innovation and sustainability, in order to develop and improve its activities in the environmental, social and governance spheres. Sustainability has been consolidated in the main normative and guiding instruments of the institution. It is intended with this article to describe and present the normative framework of UFMS focused on sustainability. To this end, the specific objectives are the analysis of the norms related to the theme, starting with Statute, the institution’s highest law, which establishes the general rules of operation to be fulfilled by the university community, as well as sustainable development has become part of the UFMSs purposes and objectives, and the promotion of sustainability, one of its responsibilities. In addition, other tools were also modernized and will be analyzed, such as the Institutional Development Plan integrated with the Institutional Pedagogical Project, the Sustainable Logistics Management Plan, the Solid Waste and Health Services Management Planand the Sustainability Policy, this the latter based on principles and objectives that align with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Social Responsibility Guidelines. These normative instruments solidify UFMS’s commitment to sustainability, providing the legal basis for its actions. As for the methodology, it is descriptive research, with a qualitative approach through bibliographic and documentary research. It is concluded that it ispossible to contribute to educational institutions interested in implementing and consolidating sustainable development institutionally through the evolutionary exposition of the main normative acts developed by UFMS
Immersed from Day One - How the Science Club revolutionized UITM Sustainability Education
Authors: Berniak-Woźny Justyna , Palimąka Karolina
Published: July 2023

In 2021, Forbes argued that Gen Z is emerging as the “generation of sustainable development.” Research conducted in 2018 by the National Union of Students, United Kingdom, also shows that as many as 81% of students are interested in the idea of Sustainable Development. Inspired by these, the Financial Science Club FLOW conducted research in the 2020/2021 academic year, to analyse the level of awareness of sustainable development among students (n=514). Although 70% of students declared that they had encountered the concept of Sustainable Development before, the study’s results were not optimistic because not all have basic knowledge of this subject. However, 83% of students considered that individual actions are important as they influence the shaping of the market and the progress of sustainable development. Based on these results and students’ convictions, there is great potential to create and implement innovative and flexible solutions that change universities into green and sustainable organizations. UITM has developed a comprehensive program to include students in activities about sustainable development from the first day of their student life.
Achievement of SDGs Desa in Villages Planning and Budgeting Documents
Authors: Sugandi Iqra , Abdoellah Oekan S. , Gunawan Budhi
Published: July 2023

Indonesia adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2017. SDG adoption requires village governments to implement this strategy into village development plans. There is a need for more efforts from the village government to increase awareness about the importance of development with environmental sustainability. The research aims to determine village compliance with the SDGs Desa policies at the planning, implementation, transparency, and reporting stages. Data analysis involves reviewing work plans, money allocations, and reports implementation and then classifying them into different categories. The output data required is the number of program implementation activities aligned with the Village SDGs objectives, the budget allocation, and the implementation report. This research focused on villages with independent status in the Pelepat Ilir Subdistrict, Bungo District. Each village has complied with several goals in the SDGs Desa by carrying out various infrastructure development, community development, and empowerment activities. However, there are still four goals that are not complied with, namely plans 1, 10, 13, and 17. Based on some of the conclusions above, it is necessary to monitor and formulate additional policies to explain to the village government that development must also consider equity, support for the marginalized, and side by side with environmental sustainability.
Environmental communication in community-based conservation movement: Lesson from the Masigit Kareumbi Hunting Park, Indonesia
Authors: Dirgantara Pradipta , Kalaloi Abdul Fadli , Dianita Indria Angga
Published: July 2023

Environmental communication plays an important role in articulating environmental and disaster issues such as global warming, rising sea surface temperatures, pollution, and nature conservation. Not only delivering information and dialogues on environment, but it also manifests through actions such as protest, posters, movies, and concrete participation. Inevitably, the nexus of environmental communication in Indonesia should lie in its action involving community participation in the conservation movement. Therefore, this study seeks to explain the symbolic action in The Masigit Kareumbi Conservation Movement. This research used a qualitative method with a single instrumental case study strategy approach by taking a case of The Masigit Kareumbi Conservation Cadre School and benefitted from environmental communication functions and participatory communication. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and literature study. The result is the symbolic action in this conservation movement has served two functions in environmental communication: pragmatic and constitutive. The pragmatic function is discovered through educational sessions and discussions on conservation in the hunting park for protecting wilderness area. The constitutive action is laid out by fostering relationship and worldview with nature through hiking, flora, and fauna lessons, and seeking the meaning of nature for students involved.
Standardization of Chemical Degumming and Biodegumming of Ramie Fiber Processing for Natural Fiber Supply Chain Strategy as A Source of Textile Raw Materials in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Asri Peni , Kusmoro Joko , Ernawati Engela Evy
Published: July 2023

Ramie’s natural fiber industry (Boehmeria nivea) has the potential to be able to supply natural cellulose raw materials to meet the demands of the textile industry. A potential consideration in manufacturing ramie-based products is the need for an integrated set of processes to operate efficiently along the supply chain. A strategy in maintaining the supply chain in manufacturing ramie fiber is based on standardization of the upstream production process starting from the ramie cultivation system and processing raw fiber resulting from the decortication process. Raw fiber is processed by standardized procedures, either chemical degumming or biodegumming, using enzymatic activity produced from microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The purpose of this research is to provide a standardized production line for the manufacture of ramie raw fiber. The study reports on a number of issues, including: supply of ramie fiber, degumming process include biological dan chemical degumming methods which has been used as a production process for small-scale industrial in Indonesia. The recommendation must be tested with data from manufacturing companies in the ramie industry to develop it as a standardized ramie industrial product model in Indonesia.
Implementation of Cleaner Production Strategies for Batik Production Process in Banten Batik Center
Authors: Akbari Tauny , Handayani Rini , Fitriyah
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the implementation of cleaner production strategies for batik production process in Banten Batik Center. The Banten Batik Center produces types of batik in the form of stamped batik and written batik. The research method used is Quick screening by analyzing the stages of the production process and then identifying the waste generated and formulating clean production options. The production process consists of: cutting mori cloth, boiling cloth, batik (stamp and writing), pickpocketing, dyeing, pelorodan, washing, drying and packaging. The results obtained 10 cleaner production options that can be applied. In terms of technical feasibility, the main priority for clean production options is the utilization of mori cloth waste into scarves and rags, reuse of boiling water if there is residue, and washing carried out in large ponds. The results of the economic feasibility test obtained that the option for washing carried out in large ponds has a fast payback period (PBP) value of 0.53 months. Break event point calculation results show that the company must sell 108 pieces of batik cloth in order to reach the impact point. The implementation of cleaner production at the Banten Batik Center was declared feasible and profitable to implement because it had a Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) > 1.
Life Cycle Analysis of Carbon Footprint and Carbon Stored on Tali Bamboo (Gigantochloa Apus (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Kurz) Products using Life Cycle Assessment Approach
Authors: Ibrahim A , Parikesit  , Withaningsih S
Published: July 2023

The lack of LCA research on the agricultural landscape led to a gap in terms of data availability. Even though there was a potential emission release uncontrolled and potential carbon stored on the product simultaneously. The study aims to analyze the life cycle (land management, extraction, production, distribution, usage, final treatment) of carbon footprint and carbon stored in tali bamboo species. It is shown there were five main products has made e.g., bamboo logs; bamboo slats; bamboo walls; bamboo buckets; and bamboo blinds with CO2 release respectively 0,13 Kg CO2/product, 0,012 Kg CO2/product; 0,67 Kg CO2/product; 1,39 Kg CO2/product; and 2,31 Kg CO2/product. Furthermore, every product has stored CO2 during its lifetime with the number consecutively 22,04 Kg CO2/product; 2,43 Kg CO2/product; 12,21 Kg CO2/product; 9,11 Kg CO2/product; and 5,05 Kg CO2/product. The range of products used varies from six to twenty-two months depending on its place and weather conditions. However, at the end of the product phase, the combustion process will be applied and would create the CO2 released into the atmosphere.
Measuring Conservation Outcomes of Tambora National Park Management
Authors: Anshor Muhammad , Basuni Sambas , Arief Harnios , Sunarminto Tutut
Published: July 2023

Establishing a new national park aims to intensify management effectively. Effective management will provide successful conservation outcomes. Tambora National Park is a new national park declared in 2015. The manager and stakeholders expect the success of the conservation outcome of Tambora National Park management. The researchers proposed formulating the jointly expected conservation outcomes to be assessed based on established indicators. This paper aimed to formulate and evaluate the jointly expected conservation outcomes of Tambora National Park management. The analysis consisted of four stages: (1) compiling the jointly expected conservation outcomes, (2) identifying indicators of significant values of the protected area, management cycles, and management impacts into conservation outcome criteria, (3) collecting data on the significance and values of the protected area, management cycles, and management impact based on the perspective of managers and stakeholders, and (4) interpreting conservation outcome values. Five jointly expected conservation outcomes were obtained. Generally, the Tambora National Park management has provided good conservation outcomes but was not balanced. The biodiversity protection has not gone well, but the socio-economic aspects have been good. Furthermore, the socio-economic conservation outcomes directly impacted the surrounding community. In practice, protected area management must be balanced to protect their biodiversity.
Plankton community structure and water conditions of Jatigede Reservoir for the sustainability of fisheries
Authors: Andi Nurul Khasanah B.P.I , Sunardi  , Oktavia Dina
Published: July 2023

Phytoplankton and zooplankton are tiny organisms that are vital components in the water. Plankton community structure reflects the effect of the water condition and plankton is a natural food for fish. This study aims to determine the community structure of the plankton and the water condition of the Jatigede reservoir for the sustainability of fisheries. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative with 7 sampling stations. The Results reveal that there were 35 types of phytoplankton species and the diversity index ranges 0.968-1.539, the evenness index ranges 0.349-0.506 (the level is low to moderate), and the dominance index ranges 0.240-0.465 (the dominance levels are low). There were 36 types of zooplankton species and the diversity index ranged 1.558-1.988, the evenness index ranged 0.497-0.653 the level is at a moderate level (labile toward stable) and the dominance index ranged 0.157-0.352 (the dominance levels are low). The water quality status reveals that Jatigede Reservoir is in moderately polluted condition based on the quality standard limits in class 2 and class 3 which are intended for the fishery sector. It means that the water conditions of the Jatigede Reservoir are starting to be disturbed for the sustainability of fish.
The utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) harvested from the phytoremediation process as activated carbon in Cr(VI) adsorption
Authors: Nafisyah E , Arrisujaya D , Susanti E
Published: July 2023

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one aquatic plant widely used in phytoremediation. Water hyacinths can absorb organic, inorganic, and heavy metal pollutants. Cr(VI) is one of the heavy metals found in industrial waste. Adsorption is one of the techniques used to remove the heavy metal content. Activated carbon is one of the good adsorbents because it has a high adsorption ability. The ability of activated carbon to adsorb is influenced by surface area, solution pH, and adsorbent dose. This study aims to utilize water hyacinth-activated carbon to absorb Cr(VI) and determine the optimum adsorption conditions based on pH, contact time, activated carbon weight, and variations in the optimum concentration of Cr(VI) solutions. Conducted the research experimentally with the stages covering: (1) the manufacture of activated carbon from water hyacinth, (2) the carbonization process at temperatures of 300°C and 600°C for 2.5 hours, (3) the chemical activation process with ZnCl210%, (4) quality testing of activated carbon based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 on moisture content, ash content, iodine absorption, methylene blue absorption, (5) characteristics of water hyacinth-activated carbon functional groups by FTIR, (6) preliminary tests, (7) optimization of optimum adsorption conditions on variations in pH, contact time, activated carbon weight, concentration Cr(VI) solutions with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the characteristic test of water hyacinth-activated carbon had met the requirements of SNI No. 06-3730-1995 for moisture content, iodine absorption, and methylene blue absorption. A preliminary test showed that the activated carbon of water hyacinth leaves had the highest adsorption capacity. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of Cr(VI) by water hyacinth leaves were at pH 1, the weight of activated carbon 1 gram, a contact time of 24 hours, and a concentration of Cr(VI) solutions of 200 mg/L.
A Study of Waste Projection through Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Rosyidah E , Hermana J , Warmadewanthi I D A A
Published: July 2023

Waste projection is useful for determining the amount of waste that will be produced globally during the following few decades. The purpose of this study is to map the current state of global research and future development trends of waste projection studies. This study uses a bibliometric approach by analyzing 1,342 scientific publications over half a century based on the database of Scopus. The findings show that Resources Conservation and Recycling, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the United States were the most productive publication sources, research institutions, and countries in the study of waste projection. The research proposes a concept of WEWCAP research themes for waste projection research.
Bioprinted hASC-laden cell constructs with mechanically stable and cell alignment cue for tenogenic differentiation
Authors: Kim Dongyun , Kim GeunHyung
Published: July 2023

3D bioprinting is a technology that enables the precise and controlled deposition of cells and an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) to create functional tissue constructs. However, current 3D bioprinting methods still struggle to obtain mechanically stable and unique cell-morphological structures, such as fully aligned cells. In this study, we propose a new 3D bioprinting approach that utilizes a high concentration of bioink without cells to support mechanical properties and drag flow to fully align cells in a thin bath filled with cell-laden bioink, resulting in a hybrid cell-laden construct with a mechanical stable and fully aligned cell structure. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, we used it to fabricate a cell-laden construct using human adipose stem cells (hASCs) for tendon tissue engineering. To achieve appropriate processing conditions, various factors such as the bioink concentration, nozzle moving speed, and volume flow rate were considered. To enhance the biocompatibility of the cell-laden construct, we used porcine decellularized tendon ECM. In vitro cellular responses, including tenogenic differentiation of the fabricated hybrid cell structures with aligned or randomly distributed cells, were evaluated using hASCs. In addition, the mechanical properties of the hybrid cell-laden construct could be adjusted by controlling the concentration of the mechanically reinforcing strut using methacrylated tendon-decellularized extracellular matrix. Based on these results, the hybrid cell-laden structure has the potential to be a highly effective platform for the alignment of musculoskeletal tissues.
Stability of soluble honokiol loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles under normal and accelerated-aging conditions
Authors: Minh Nguyet Ho , Vu Manh Cuong , Le Thi Van Anh , Le Thi Thuy Duong
Published: July 2023

Honokiol, a plant bioactive compound, is derived from the Magnolia genus and has several pharmacological advantages including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, neuromodulatory and anti-tumour activities. However, honokiol’s pharmaceutical utility is constrained by its poor solubility in water. Nanotechnology has been widely used to address this issue to make anticancer medications more effective by increasing their water solubility. Furthermore, the stability of the nanoparticles is one of the most important factors affecting the safety and efficacy of the drug. In this study, honokiol-loaded PLGA − PEG nanoparticles were synthesised and the stability of this nanosystem was evaluated in two conditions that are normal condition and accelerated-aging condition. The parameters used to evaluate the stability of the nanocarrier system include particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity. All of the samples were stored at three temperatures of 4 °C, 27 °C and 40 °C, and assessed at four times of 0 month, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. The physicochemical parameters of nanoparticles after three months of storage showed greater stability at 4 °C compared to 27 °C and 40 °C. There were no significant differences in the parameters of samples stored in three months at 4 °C, meanwhile, the parameters of those stored at 27 °C and 40 °C fluctuated considerably. Therefore, the results show that storing samples at 4 °C allows maintaining the stability of the nanosystem for a long time.
Modified calibration protocols in electron beam dosimetry: comparison with IAEA TRS-398 and AAPM TG-51
Authors: Yulinar Cica , Assegab Muhamad Iqbal , Wibowo Wahyu Edy , Pawiro Supriyanto Ardjo
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to compare absolute calibration outputs based on the protocols of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technical Report Series (TRS)-398, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group (TG)-51, and modified calibration approach. The electron beam output calibration followed the IAEA TRS-398 and AAPM TG-51 protocols, both of which required cylindrical chambers and parallel plates. However, the use of cylindrical chambers is not recommended at low energies because of the large fluence-correction factor. TG-51 recommended cross-calibration of the parallel-plate chamber against the cylindrical chamber in a high-energy electron beam. In 2020, an electron beam dosimetry modification was introduced that used a cylindrical ionisation chamber at all energies and updated the data for beam quality conversion factors. This modification provided a lower deviation than that reported in AAPM TG-51. Thus, the modified calibration based on TRS-398 was applied in the present study, which yielded results below the permissible tolerance. The beam calibration at 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 MeV energies was carried out for two Elekta linear accelerators.. Electron beam dosimetry followed the AAPM TG-51 and TRS-398 protocols, and modified calibration were performed to measure the dose at the maximum depth expressed in dose/monitor units (cGy/MU). Charge-reading measurements were measured using ionisation chambers PTW 30013, IBA CC13, and Exradin A11. The average absorbed dose ratios were 1.004 and 1.009 using the modified calibration and TRS-398 and modified calibration and TG-51, respectively. Therefore, based on IAEA TRS-398, the results were below the tolerance limit (±2%).
Anomaly detection in aeronautics data with quantum-compatible discrete deep generative model
Authors: Templin Thomas , Memarzadeh Milad , Vinci Walter , Lott P Aaron , Akbari Asanjan Ata , Alexiades Armenakas Anthony , Rieffel Eleanor
Published: July 2023

Deep generative learning cannot only be used for generating new data with statistical characteristics derived from input data but also for anomaly detection, by separating nominal and anomalous instances based on their reconstruction quality. In this paper, we explore the performance of three unsupervised deep generative models—variational autoencoders (VAEs) with Gaussian, Bernoulli, and Boltzmann priors—in detecting anomalies in multivariate time series of commercial-flight operations. We created two VAE models with discrete latent variables (DVAEs), one with a factorized Bernoulli prior and one with a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) with novel positive-phase architecture as prior, because of the demand for discrete-variable models in machine-learning applications and because the integration of quantum devices based on two-level quantum systems requires such models. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first that applies DVAE models to anomaly-detection tasks in the aerospace field. The DVAE with RBM prior, using a relatively simple—and classically or quantum-mechanically enhanceable—sampling technique for the evolution of the RBM’s negative phase, performed better in detecting anomalies than the Bernoulli DVAE and on par with the Gaussian model, which has a continuous latent space. The transfer of a model to an unseen dataset with the same anomaly but without re-tuning of hyperparameters or re-training noticeably impaired anomaly-detection performance, but performance could be improved by post-training on the new dataset. The RBM model was robust to change of anomaly type and phase of flight during which the anomaly occurred. Our studies demonstrate the competitiveness of a discrete deep generative model with its Gaussian counterpart on anomaly-detection problems. Moreover, the DVAE model with RBM prior can be easily integrated with quantum sampling by outsourcing its generative process to measurements of quantum states obtained from a quantum annealer or gate-model device.
An overview on nucleic-acid G-quadruplex prediction: from rule-based methods to deep neural networks
Authors: Elimelech-Zohar Karin , Orenstein Yaron
Published: July 2023

Nucleic-acid G-quadruplexes (G4s) play vital roles in many cellular processes. Due to their importance, researchers have developed experimental assays to measure nucleic-acid G4s in high throughput. The generated high-throughput datasets gave rise to unique opportunities to develop machine-learning-based methods, and in particular deep neural networks, to predict G4s in any given nucleic-acid sequence and any species. In this paper, we review the success stories of deep-neural-network applications for G4 prediction. We first cover the experimental technologies that generated the most comprehensive nucleic-acid G4 high-throughput datasets in recent years. We then review classic rule-based methods for G4 prediction. We proceed by reviewing the major machine-learning and deep-neural-network applications to nucleic-acid G4 datasets and report a novel comparison between them. Next, we present the interpretability techniques used on the trained neural networks to learn key molecular principles underlying nucleic-acid G4 folding. As a new result, we calculate the overlap between measured DNA and RNA G4s and compare the performance of DNA- and RNA-G4 predictors on RNA- and DNA-G4 datasets, respectively, to demonstrate the potential of transfer learning from DNA G4s to RNA G4s. Last, we conclude with open questions in the field of nucleic-acid G4 prediction and computational modeling.
CodingDiv: analyzing SNP-level microdiversity to discriminate between coding and noncoding regions in viral genomes
Authors: Olo Ndela Eric , Enault François
Published: July 2023

Viral genes, that are frequently small genes and/or with large overlaps, are still difficult to predict accurately. To help predict all genes in viral genomes, we provide CodingDiv that detects SNP-level microdiversity of all potential coding regions, using metagenomic reads and/or similar sequences from external databases. Protein coding regions can then be identified as the ones containing more synonymous SNPs than unfavorable nonsynonymous substitutions SNPs.

Availability and implementation

CodingDiv is released under the GPL license. Source code is available at https://github.com/ericolo/codingDiv. The software can be installed and used through a docker container.
Enhanced recovery and same-day discharge hospital stay: speed versus safety?
Authors: Joshi Girish P , Kehlet Henrik
Published: July 2023

Lay Summary

Same-day ambulatory major surgery is evolving, but requires more study regarding patient selection and safety.
Clinician awareness of the risk of anaphylaxis in patients with cutaneous mastocytosis
Authors: Vincent Rosie , Webber Lucy , Dunnill Michael Giles S
Published: July 2023

The risk of anaphylaxis in maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis (otherwise known as urticaria pigmentosa) is thought to be approximately 15%. Our survey of British Association of Dermatologists members elicited 40 responses: in patients with normal tryptase levels, adrenaline autoinjectors were prescribed for 10% of adults and 12% of children, increasing to 28% and 30% in those with raised tryptase. Of the 40 respondents, 95% felt a guideline would be beneficial. Thus, we propose a call for a guideline to assist clinicians with management of anaphylaxis risk in such patients, given the rarity of this condition.
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Garcia Rodrigue , Warming Peder Emil , Hansen Carl Johann , Rajan Deepthi , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Benfield Thomas , Folke Fredrik , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob
Published: July 2023

Background

Little data exist on the risk and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in people with HIV (PWH). We aimed to describe OHCA in PWH as compared with the general population in terms of incidence, characteristics, and survival.

Methods

This nationwide study assessed all individuals aged 18–85 years between 2001 and 2019 in Denmark. The cumulative incidence of OHCA was computed using cause-specific Cox models accounting for competing risk of death.

Results

Among 6 565 309 individuals, 6 925 (median age: 36; interquartile range [IQR]: 28–44 y; 74% males) were infected at some point with HIV. The incidence of OHCA was 149 (95% CI: 123–180)/100 000 person-years in PWH versus 64 (95% CI: 64–65)/100 000 person-years in people without HIV (P < .001). Age at the time of cardiac arrest was 52 (IQR: 44–61) years in PWH versus 69 (IQR: 59–77) years in individuals without HIV (P < .001). In a multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and renal failure, PWH had a 2-fold higher risk of OHCA (hazard ratio: 2.84; 95% CI: 2.36–3.43; P < .001). Thirty-day mortality (89% vs 88%; P = .80) was comparable to individuals without HIV.

Conclusions

HIV is an independent risk factor for OHCA, and those who experience OHCA with HIV are much younger than those without HIV. Almost 90% of PWH died 1 month after OHCA. Further research should strive to find out how to reduce OHCA occurrence in this population.
Recombinant growth hormone improves growth and adult height in patients with maternal inactivating GNAS mutations
Authors: Ertl Diana-Alexandra , de Nanclares Guiomar Perez , Jüppner Harald , Hanna Patrick , Pagnano Angela , Pereda Arrate , Rothenbuhler Anya , Del Sindaco Giulia , Ruiz-Cuevas Pilar , Audrain Christelle , Escribano Arancha , Berkenou Jugurtha , Gleiss Andreas , Mantovani Giovanna , Linglart Agnès
Published: July 2023

Background

Maternal inactivating GNAS mutations lead to pseudohypoparathyroidism 1A (PHP1A), newly classified as inactivating parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTHrP-signaling disorder type 2 of maternal inheritance (iPPSD2). Patients present with resistance to PTH and other hormones, subcutaneous ossifications, brachydactyly, short stature, and early-onset obesity. They can be born small for gestational age (SGA) and may present with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. The use of recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy has been sporadically reported, yet we lack data on the long-term efficacy and safety of rhGH, as well as on adult height.

Objective

Our multicenter, retrospective, observational study describes growth in patients treated with rhGH in comparison with untreated iPPSD2/PHP1A controls.

Methods

We included 190 patients, of whom 26 received rhGH. Height, weight, body mass index at various time points, and adult height were documented. We analyzed the effect of rhGH on adult height by using linear mixed models.

Results

Adult height was available for 11/26 rhGH-treated individuals and for 69/164 controls. Patients treated with rhGH showed a gain in height of 0.7 standard deviation scores (SDS) after 1 year (CI +0.5 to +0.8, P < .001) and of 1.5 SDS after 3 years (CI +1.0 to +2.0, P < .001). Additionally, there was a clear beneficial impact of rhGH on adult height when compared with untreated controls, with a difference of 1.9 SDS (CI +1.1 to +2.7, P < .001). Body mass index SDS did not vary significantly upon rhGH therapy.

Conclusion

Recombinant human growth hormone treatment of iPPSD2/PHP1A patients with short stature improves growth and adult height. More studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety.
Assessing the impact of energy and fuel poverty on health: a European scoping review
Authors: Champagne Sarah N , Phimister Euan , Macdiarmid Jennie I , Guntupalli Aravinda Meera
Published: July 2023

Background

The burden of energy and fuel poverty (EFP) in Europe is increasing in the face of the cost-of-living crisis, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the climate emergency. While the health impacts of EFP are often the driving reason for addressing it, EFP’s association with health is poorly delineated. This review aims to scope the evidence of EFP’s association with health in Europe.

Methods

A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was conducted using search terms relevant to EFP, health and Europe. Five databases were searched, in addition to hand searching. Review selection was performed by two independent reviewers, and articles were thematically analyzed.

Results

Thirty-five articles published between January 2000 and March 2022 were included. The literature varied in definitions and measurements of EFP and in the health indicators examined. The review revealed a negative association between EFP and health, specifically, general unspecified poor health (9 articles), excess winter mortality (3 articles), communicable diseases (3 articles), non-communicable diseases (11 articles), mental health (15 articles) and well-being (12 articles). While women were reported to be at a higher risk of EFP than men, children and older adults were identified as particularly vulnerable to EFP’s adverse health repercussions.

Conclusions

This scoping review illustrates a significant and complex association between EFP and various domains of health. Though heterogeneity across research makes it difficult to compare findings, our review supports the use of health as a justification to address EFP and urges public health to be more involved in EFP mitigation.
Imaging the crustal structure at the northeast corner of the indenting Indian Plate in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis
Authors: Kundu Abhishek , Hazarika Devajit , Hajra Somak , Yadav Dilip Kumar
Published: July 2023

Crustal configuration beneath the indenting northeast corner of the Indian Plate in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis has been investigated with the help of receiver function (RF) analysis of teleseismic earthquakes recorded by 19 broad-band seismological stations. The common conversion point stacking of RFs and 1-D velocity models obtained through inversion provide new information on the intracrustal structure. The study reveals the signature of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) beneath the Lohit Valley at ∼22–26 km depth. The MHT is not prominent in the Siang window plausibly due to large-scale crustal deformation related to the formation of the window and antiform folding. Unlike in the western and central Himalaya, the MHT does not play a major role in seismogenesis in the Lohit Valley and Siang Window, where seismicity is active up to the crustal depth of ∼40 km. The crustal thickness increases from ∼38 km at Pasighat in the south to ∼50 km at the northernmost station (Gelling) in the Siang window. In Lohit Valley, the crustal thickness increases from ∼40 km at Mahadevpur in the west to ∼54 km in the Tidding–Tuting suture zone, which again shallows to ∼51 km in the eastern Lohit Plutonic Complex (Walong station). The thinner crust beneath the Tidding–Tuting suture compared to the Indus Tsangpo Suture Zone of northwest Himalaya is caused due to the differences in convergence rate, higher exhumation rate and mechanisms to accommodate collision and rotational tectonics.
Seismic monitoring in Greece, 1899–2014: catalogue completeness 1966–2014
Authors: Melis N S , Lentas K , Schorlemmer D
Published: July 2023

Instrumental earthquake monitoring in Greece started in 1899–1906 with the first five seismic stations of the National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Geodynamics (NOA). Subsequent upgrades and expansions led to today’s Unified National Seismic Network, which includes almost all permanent seismic stations in Greece and provides waveform and parametric data. We examine the detection capabilities of the Greek seismic networks using phase, location and magnitude data from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) and the various National Institutes. We apply two methods to measure the network performance. In one, we form a grid, and find the 50 per cent probability detection threshold for each station-grid cell pair for different times. In the other, we find the probability-based magnitude of completeness grid for every three months from 1970 to 2014. Both methods show that in 1990 the detection threshold improved significantly in the north part of Greece. A much greater improvement took place in 2010 throughout Greece, yielding a completeness magnitude of $M_p\, \sim$ 1.
Expression of low-sulfated keratan sulfate in non-mucinous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Hoshino Hitomi , Chen Ya-Ying , Inoue Daisuke , Yoshida Yoshio , Khoo Kay-Hooi , Akama Tomoya O , Kobayashi Motohiro
Published: July 2023

Keratan sulfate glycosaminoglycan is composed of repeating N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) disaccharide units consisting of galactose (Gal) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), both often 6-O-sulfated. Sulfate contents of keratan sulfate are heterogeneous depending upon the origins. In this study, keratan sulfate is classified as either highly sulfated (in which both GlcNAc and Gal residues are 6-O-sulfated) or low-sulfated (in which only GlcNAc residues are 6-O-sulfated). It is reported that highly sulfated keratan sulfate detected by the 5D4 monoclonal antibody is preferentially expressed in normal epithelial cells lining the female genital tract and in their neoplastic counterparts; however, expression of low-sulfated keratan sulfate in either has not been characterized. In the present study, we generated the 294-1B1 monoclonal antibody, which selectively recognizes low-sulfated keratan sulfate, and performed precise glycan analysis of sulfated glycans expressed on human serous ovarian carcinoma OVCAR-3 cells. We found that OVCAR-3 cells do not express highly sulfated keratan sulfate but rather express low-sulfated form, which was heterogeneous in 294-1B1 reactivity. Comparison of mass spectrometry spectra of sulfated glycans in 294-1B1-positive versus -negative OVCAR-3 cells indicated that the 294-1B1 epitope is likely at least 2, and possibly 3 or more, tandem GlcNAc-6-O-sulfated LacNAc units. Then, using the 294-1B1 antibody, we performed quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of 40 specimens from patients with ovarian cancer, consisting of 10 each of serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous carcinomas, and found that among them low-sulfated keratan sulfate was widely expressed in all but mucinous ovarian carcinoma.
Reconfiguring the health-promoting hospital: the role of chaplaincy in England
Authors: Allison Elizabeth , Woodhall James , Briggs Michelle , Swift Chris
Published: July 2023

This paper seeks to explore how hospitals can be reconfigured to adopt more ‘health-promoting’ approaches and values. Specifically, the paper focuses on the role of hospital chaplaincy and argues that spiritual care should be considered alongside other health domains. Using semi-structured interviews, the aim of the paper is to explore the experiences of patients who accepted (n = 10) and declined (n = 10) hospital chaplaincy services. Data were analysed drawing on principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The findings suggested that participants who accessed chaplaincy services reported using the chaplains for pastoral, religious and spiritual care which contributed positively to their sense of well-being. This included religious rituals and supportive conversations. The majority of these participants had existing links with a faith institution. Participants who declined chaplaincy services reported having personal religious or spiritual beliefs. Other reasons cited, included: that the offer was made close to discharge; they had different support mechanisms; they were unaware of what the chaplaincy service offered. Participants identified a number of skills and attributes they associated with chaplains. They perceived them as being religious but available to all, somebody to talk to who was perceived as impartial with a shared knowledge and understanding. The paper concludes by highlighting the important role of chaplaincy as part of a holistic health-promoting hospital. This has implications not only for the design, delivery and promotion of chaplaincy services but also for health promotion more broadly to consider spiritual needs.