bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ZEBRAFISH AS A MODEL ORGANISM FOR DRUG SCREENING AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sreesivasakthi A. , Devi R. , Srinivasan Dr. R. , Jayaramakani N. , David E. Sam , Dhavamanikandan A.
Published: June 2024

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a prominent model organism in the field of drug screening and development due to its unique biological attributes and experimental advantages. This review article comprehensively explores the role of zebrafish in advancing pharmaceutical research by highlighting its advantages, applications, techniques, challenges, and future prospects. The transparency of zebrafish embryos allows real-time visualization of developmental processes and drug effects, making them particularly suitable for high-throughput compound screening. Genetic manipulability, facilitated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, enables precise investigations into gene function and disease modeling. Zebrafish models have demonstrated utility across various disease areas, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. Advancements in zebrafish-based drug screening techniques encompass high-content imaging, optogenetics, microfluidic platforms, and multi-omics integration. The model's relevance extends beyond conventional pharmacological assays to encompass neurobehavioral studies, regenerative medicine, and personalized drug testing using patient-derived avatars. However, zebrafish-based drug screening is not without challenges. Ensuring translational relevance, validating hits from high-throughput screens, addressing ethical considerations, and accurately interpreting complex data remain critical areas of focus. As zebrafish research evolves, integration with emerging technologies, such as single-cell analysis and artificial intelligence, promises to enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms and drug responses. In conclusion, zebrafish hold a pivotal role in accelerating drug discovery and development efforts. Its versatility, genetic tractability, and ability to model complex biological processes contribute to a comprehensive understanding of drug candidates' effects. By navigating challenges and embracing innovations, zebrafish-based research continues to drive transformative advancements in pharmaceutical science, with the potential to revolutionize the landscape of drug screening and therapeutic development.
EMERGING TRENDS IN HERBAL EXCIPIENTS: A SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE TO SYNTHETIC EXCIPIENTS
Authors: Bhosale Mr. Sourabh P. , Patil 1. Ms. Vibha S. , Atkeere Mr. Uddhav U. , Gaonkar Ms. Neeta S.
Published: June 2024

Excipient use in pharmaceutical formulations is essential for maintaining the stability, bioavailability, and patient acceptance of drugs. However, there is increased interest in investigating herbal alternatives due to worries about the safety and environmental impact of synthetic excipients. An overview of the latest developments in herbal excipients, a safe substitute for synthetic excipients, is provided in this book chapter. Over synthetic excipients, herbal excipients have a number of benefits. They come from organic materials like plants and are frequently renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally favorable. Additionally, they have innated therapeutic qualities that might boost medicine effectiveness and offer extra health advantages. The usage of herbal excipients is in line with rising customer demand for eco-friendly and natural goods. This study addresses numerous herbal excipients, highlighting their uses in pharmaceutical formulations, including polysaccharides, gums, essential oils, and plant extracts. It investigates their special physicochemical characteristics, suitability as pharmaceutical active components, and potential pathways for boosting medication transport and stability. The newest developments in herbal excipients offer encouraging outcomes, such as increased medication solubility, controlled release, and decreased toxicity. To enable the broad use of herbal excipients in the pharmaceutical business, issues including standardization, quality control, and regulatory considerations must be resolved. The development of herbal excipients offers a sustainable and natural substitute for synthetic excipients, in conclusion. To fully realize the potential of herbal excipients and reap their benefits in pharmaceutical formulations, more study and collaboration between regulatory agencies, businesses, and academia are required.
FUTURE PHARMACY: EXPLORING FUTURISTIC TRENDS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Shaik Dr. Mobeen
Published: June 2024

The future of pharmacy is undergoing a transformative evolution driven by innovative technologies. This chapter "Future Pharmacy: Exploring Futuristic Trends and Innovative Technologies" delves into the emerging landscape where pharmaceutical practices intersect with cutting-edge advancements. This exploration encompasses personalized medicine, AI-driven drug discovery, telepharmacy, 3D-printed medications, and blockchain-enabled supply chains. The abstract encapsulates an essential guide for pharmacy professionals, researchers, and stakeholders seeking to navigate the dynamic terrain of tomorrow's pharmaceutical world. It highlights the convergence of science and technology, offering insights into how these trends will shape patient care, drug development, and the very core of pharmacy practices.
Evaluasi Pedidikan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Muttaqin Kuala Mandor B Kubu Raya
Authors: Ahmad Fahtul rizal  , Samiyah
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to describe the evaluation of learning carried out at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Muttaqin Kuala Mandor B. The method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation (observation), interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results and discussion show that the evaluation conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Muattaqin Kuala Mandor included formative evaluation and summative evaluation. The formative evaluation carried out included several things, including assignments, written tests, practical tests, group discussions, observation, portfolios, and reflection. The summative evaluation is carried out using tests or exams based on the basic competencies that students must master. The aim is to find out the progress of student learning and provide input for teachers as a reference for improving learning in the future. Assessments in this summative evaluation include Final Semester Assessments (PAS), Final Year Assessments (PAT), Madrasah Examinations (UM), and others related to testing students after completing the learning process in a certain period of time. With formative and summative evaluations that have been carried out at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Sukabumi, it can be useful for improving student learning outcomes in the future.
Pengaruh Terapi Warna terhadap Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Widara Raisya Haruni , Khatimah Husnul , Zikri Aidil , Aulia Prima
Published: June 2024

This research was used to determine the effect of color therapy on anxiety in final year students. This research method uses a quasi-experimental design with a onegroup pretest - post-test design approach. The instrument used was the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS/SRAS). In analyzing the data, researchers used data analysis with several steps for normality testing, homogeneity testing and hypothesis testing. The resulting Sig value. Amounting to 0.516 and 0.593. This proves that the data from the experimental group is also normally distributed. These results indicate that the effect of color therapy on anxiety in final year students has an influence on color therapy in reducing anxiety in final year students before giving the intervention and after giving the intervention.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Tematik dalam Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Illahi Diah Permata , Nisa Sahrun , Suriani Ari
Published: June 2024

The 2013 curriculum emphasizes learning through a series of topics. The objectives of this study are. To analyze the needs of teachers in implementing appropriate learning models based on the 2013 Curriculum, especially in elementary schools. To develop effective and efficient thematic learning materials on the topic of natural resources. To test the effectiveness of the developed learning model. Research Steps, Development of learning materials The research team developed thematic learning materials on the topic of natural resources. Four experts in the field of education provided input and suggestions to improve the first draft of the thematic textbooks. Trial of learning materials The revised learning materials were tested on elementary school students. The effectiveness of the learning model was measured using tests and data analysis. Research Results. The developed thematic learning materials were proven to be useful and effective in helping students understand natural resource materials. Students achieved a minimum mastery of learning of 72% and a classical mastery of 91.6%. Test results showed an increase in student learning scores after using the workbook.
Menelaah Faktor-faktor yang Berdampak pada Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar pada Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Rahmadani Nadia , Nisa Sahrun , Suriani Ari
Published: June 2024

The methodology used in qualitative research uses a qualitative approach and uses a qualitative narrative design. The results of the research show that the ability to think critically in mathematics for strata IV children at SDN 03 Sebungkang is very high, namely around 29.58 percent. The percentage of mathematics students who understand the topic well is around 63.33 percent. Additionally, they provide valid and relevant logarithmic penalties based on hypotheses or ideas, increasing the percentage to 26.67 percent. Lastly, increasing team collaboration between ideas to overcome mathematical problems from 13% and taking actions consisting of 15% of mathematics problems. around 13% and taking actions consisting of 15% of mathematics problems. 2) Psychological factors influence the ability to identify student criticism. The ability to identify student criticism. factors include their cognitive decline.
Kitap Tanıtımı (Endonezya Tarihçiliğine Giriş)
Authors: Yurdagül Furkan
Published: June 2024

Asıl adı ''An Introduction To Indonesian Historiography'' olan 1965 basımlı kitabın orijinal hali İngilizce dili ile basılmıştır. Kitap Endonezya Tarihi'ni derinlemesine ele alıp kitabın basıldığı mevcut yıla kadar dile getirmiştir. Kitap tek bir kişi tarafından değil birçok yazar, arkeolog, tarihçi ve birçok işinin ehli insan tarafından oluşturulmuş ve interdisipliner bir çalışma olup ''Soedjatmoko'' tarafından düzenlemiştir. İçlerinde uluslararası çalışmalarda bulunmuş olarak nitelendirebileceğimiz birçok profesör bulunmaktadır.
DETERMINING FINANCIAL DISTRESS WITH THE HELP OF THE ALTMAN Z-SCORE MODEL
Authors: Say Servet
Published: June 2024

Financial distress is a condition in which a company faces financial difficulties where its cash flows cannot meet its current obligations, such as trade payables or interest costs. Financial distress is the stages of deterioration in the financial condition of a company before bankruptcy or liquidation occurs. In this case, management cannot monitor the financial condition of the company, which causes increased business risk. Financial distress usually emerges with increasing liquidity pressures and then continues in the form of diminishing assets, the inability of the company to meet its financial obligations and dragging the company into bankruptcy. Considering the previous studies in the literature; many factors such as the size of the data used in the detection of financial distress, the type of sector from which it is obtained, the economic structure of the country affect the degree of success of the models. From this point of view, the main purpose of the study is to determine the financial failure degrees of the companies under the chemical, pharmaceutical, petroleum, rubber and plastic products sector classification, whose shares are traded in Borsa Istanbul. In this context, the Z Score Model developed by Altman was used. According to the results obtained from the study, most of the enterprises are either in the risky zone or in the gray zone for the studied 3-year period.
The Effect of Nutrition Education With Video on Knowledge and Attitudes as An Effort To Prevent Obesity in Young Women at Senior High School 2 Bae Kudus
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Yasiroh Ni’matul , Setiadi Yuwono ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Dwi L Meirina ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Noviardhi Astidio ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Supadi J. ,   Department of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Didik Widiyanto SY. ,   Health Analyst Department, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semaraang
Published: June 2024

Background: Obesity is a problem quite disturbing among teenagers. The prevalence of obesity continues to increase. One of the efforts to prevent obesity is nutrition education using interactive videos. Objective: To determine the effect of nutrition education with video on knowledge and attitudes as an effort to prevent obesity in adolescent girls at senior High School 2 Bae Kudus. Methods: this research is quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test control group design. Sampling was done by proportional randomized sampling technique to obtain 23 control samples and 23 intervention samples. The data collected are respondent characteristics data, and knowledge and attitude questionnaires with pre test post test results. The independent variable is nutrition education with video media, the dependent variable is knowledge and attitude. Knowledge and attitude variables were taken by filling out a questionnaire on the google form link. The knowledge variable consists of 10 questions and the attitude variable consists of 10 statements. Results: The mean knowledge score of the two group increased. In the control group it increased from 69.57 to 82.17 while in the intervention group it increased from 63.48 to 90.87. The mean attitude score of the two group increased. In the control group it increased from 3.14 to 3.82 while in the intervention group it increased from 3.15 to 3.92. Conclusion: there is an effect of nutrition education with videos on knowledge and attitudes.
Nutritive Value and Sensory Acceptability of Corn and Sweet Potato Buchi Based Food
Authors:   Faculty, Department of Industrial Technology, College of Engineering Architecture and Technology, Isabela State University, Ilagan City, Isabela Philippines 3300, Alejandro Glorilyn B.
Published: June 2024

This study focused on the production of corn and sweet potato buchi-based food product and the evaluation of their quality and potential for acceptance, aiming to improve nutrition and diversify the food sources of low-income families, especially in the City of Ilagan, Isabela. Corn and sweet potato buchi-based food were produced from white corn, sweet potato, and glutinous rice. An increase in nutritive content like thiamin and vitamin C in the product is obtained from corn and sweet potatoes. Every 150 grams of cooked white corn provides 0.33 mg, or 33%, of thiamine, and every 185 grams (1 cup) of purple sweet potato, boiled, provides 53.77 mg, or 72%, of vitamin-C. The developed food product was evaluated by the respondents to determine the level of acceptability in terms of appearance, taste, and texture, which garnered an overall descriptive rating of highly acceptable. An equal amount of white corn powder, sweet potato, glutinous rice, and other essential ingredients will produce excellent buchi dough. The study shows that the developed buchi product has more essential nutrients derived from corn and sweet potatoes as its main ingredients. Fruit fillings like mango, jackfruit, and other fruit jams are recommended for corn and sweet potato buchi. Being cheap in production cost, ease of preparation, abundance, and availability of ingredients, it is recommended that the developed food product be introduced and advertised in the City of Ilagan, the Corn Capital of the Philippines, and the Province of Isabela as a whole.
A autorreferencialidade e a Teoria do Agenda Setting no Drops do Estadão
Authors: Dos Santos Olegário Micael , Feitosa Sara Alves
Published: June 2024

Tratamos da adaptação do jornalismo à lógica das mídias sociais, a partir de Fiorini; Carvalho (2022) e McCombs(2014) argumentando que no Drops do Estadão os jornalistas agendam os internautas no sentido de “com quem pensar”, ou seja, com o jornalista da empresa em questão. Trabalho apresentado no 12° Encontro de Jovens Pesquisadores em Jornalismo (JPJOR/2022).
eParticipation Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan
Authors: Siswanto Joko , Hadi Suprapto , Bunga Riska Ayu Brasie Pradana Sela
Published: June 2024

Keselamatan transportasi jalan merupakan isu yang sangat penting dan mendesak dalam masyarakat modern. eParticipation memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya keselamatan transportasi jalan. Konsep e-partisipasi telah menjadi solusi yang menarik untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan keselamatan dalam transportasi jalan. eParticipation Framework yang digunakan terdiri dari 3 level yaitu area partisipasi, kategori alat, dan teknologi. Area partisipasi terbatas pada penumpang transportasi umum bus di terminal tipe A yang bertindak sebagai partisipan. Kategori Tools menggunakan aplikasi berbasis website berupa eParticipation SQA yang dibangun dan dapat dioperasikan oleh 2 aktor yaitu administrator dan peserta. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan rata-rata jenis jawaban adalah Worse (2%), Poor (2%), Good (59%), dan Very Good (37%). Teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikan Aplikasi eParticipation SQA dengan berbasis website yang memerlukan beberapa perangkat seperti perangkat lunak(CodeIgniter, Bootstrap, MySql, CodeRunner, dan Web Browser), perangkat keras(komputer server, komputer, dan smartphone), dan perangkat jaringan(akses internet dan piranti penghubung). Aplikasi eParticipation yang diusulkan dapat berkontribusi dalam menjaga keselamatan transportasi jalan transportasi umum bus di terminal bus, serta membantu menciptakan lingkungan transportasi jalan yang lebih aman dan berkelanjutan.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PREDIKSI DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN MOBIL DENGAN METODE NAIVE BAYES BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Rifqi Tsani Mokhammad , Pradana Brasie , Asmoro Langgeng
Published: June 2024

Banyak ahli ilmu komputer berfokus pada pengembangan kecerdasan buatan (AI), juga dikenal sebagai artificial intelligence (AI). AI adalah bidang studi yang bertujuan untuk membuat komputer bertindak dan berpikir seperti manusia. Banyak implementasi AI dalam bidang komputer, misalnya Decision Support System (Sistem Penunjang Keputusan), Robotic, Natural Language (Bahasa Alami), Neural Network (Jaringan Saraf), dan lain-lain. Seperti bidang otomotif yang sangat membutuhkan konsultasi perbaikan mobil yang cepat untuk mendeteksi dan menangani kerusakan, sistem pakar adalah salah satu AI yang paling menarik untuk dikembangkan. Oleh karena permasalahan tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat mengatasi persoalan diatas. Dimana nantinya hasil dari diagnose Artificial Intelligence (AI) ini akan dapat sangat membantu pemilik Mobil. Dengan menggunakan Algoritma Naive Bayes pada sistem AI tersebut diharapkan lebih efektif dan akurat untuk hasilnya. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) waterfall. Untuk pembuatan Aplikasinya menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Website dengan database MySQL. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu pengguna mobil/sopir untuk mengetahui gejala kerusakan lebih awal pada mobil serta dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran taruna PKTJ Tegal pada bidang otomotif.
Technical efficiency of State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Approach
Authors: B. Condez Maria Christina
Published: June 2024

This study utilizes data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the technical efficiency of 101 state universities and colleges (SUCs) in the Philippines. Using panel data from 2017 to 2021, it employs the output-oriented Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) and Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) models of DEA, considering two (2) inputs like faculty numbers and financial resources (personnel services, Maintenance, and Other Operating Expenses or MOOE, capital outlay), and measuring two (2) outputs through the total number of student enrollment and the total number of graduates. The findings reveal that out of the 101 SUCs in Region XI, only eight are deemed efficient under the output-orientated CRS model, whereas 11 are identified as efficient under the VRS model. This variance in results between the 2 DEA models employed can be attributed to their inherent methodologies: CRS tends to yield lower efficiency scores, while VRS tends to produce higher efficiency scores. The findings contribute to discussions on higher education efficiency, providing valuable insights for policymakers, administrators, and stakeholders. The study also lays the groundwork for future research on technical efficiency and productivity factors in SUCs, facilitating targeted interventions and advancements in the Philippines's higher education landscape.
Analysis of the Cultural Dimensions of Indonesian People on Purchase Decisions: A Case Study of Karen's Diner Restaurant in Indonesia
Authors: Amaliadanti Atikah , Ernungtyas Niken Febrina , Wijaya Lukita
Published: June 2024

This study uses a constructivist paradigm and a qualitative approach to analyse six elements of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory. Data analysis was taken from four viral tweets collected with the keyword Karen's Diner on Twitter from December 15 to 22, 2022. The study results show that six elements of the Cultural Dimensions Theory are inherent in Indonesian consumers, so they oppose the concept of service presented by Karen's Diner. The element of power distance applies where most Indonesian people have been instilled with the idea that "the buyer is the king", so they do not tolerate the slightest bad action done by the seller. Uncertainty avoidance applies when the Indonesian people protest and urge Karen's Diner Indonesia to make clear written regulations and improve the restaurant's service procedures. The element of masculinity or femininity is represented by netizens who think the restaurant's existence will disappear quickly amid competition in the dynamic Indonesian F&B industry. The Long Term vs Short Term Orientation element applies where the public considers the concept of Karen's Diner Indonesia service intolerable and raises concerns about behavioural deviations in the future. The Indulgence vs Restraint element is represented by people who oppose things that can potentially offend Eastern norms, one of which is product marketing.
Pengaruh Aktivitas Fisik dengan Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Untar Angkatan 2022/2023
Authors: Agoes Izzra Fahmi
Published: June 2024

Indonesia tergolong sangat rendah dibandingkan negara-negara lain. Hal ini juga diperkuat oleh laporan dari WHO “Global Status Report on Physical Activity Country Profile 2022,” yang dimana terlihat bahwa prevalensi aktifitas fisik yang masih kurang/dibawah anjuran WHO pada masyarakat Indonesia berusia 18 tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan dan meningkatkan wawasan tentang manfaat dan pentingnya aktifitas fisik untuk kesehatan jasmani dan rohani. Metode penelitiannya kualitatif design fenomenologi, pengambilan subyeknya dengan simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi partisipan, wawancara terstruktur dan dokumentasi. sedangkan subyek penelitiannya adalah mahasiswa/i fakultas kedokteran pada tahun 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan intensitasnya sedang dalam olahraga 15-17 orang, dan yang sama sekali jarang olahraga sekitar 5-8 orang. Sehingga aktivitas fisik pada penelitian ini tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap IPK mahasiswa. Aktivitas fisik dan prestasi akademik tidak mempengaruhi IPK mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran UNTAR Tahun 2022/2023.
Concurso real de infracciones y su aplicación en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal
Authors: Mero Ramírez Kenneth Anthony , Macías Mera Nohely Dayana
Published: June 2024

En el Artículo 20 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal se aborda el concepto de concurso real de infracciones, que se da cuando una misma persona comete varias acciones autónomas e independientes que se ajustan a diferentes tipos penales. En este caso, las penas se suman sin exceder los cuarenta años en total. A pesar de que el texto legal define este concepto, no especifica cómo debe aplicarse procesalmente. Esta falta de claridad ha llevado a que, en la práctica, estas conductas, aunque sean independientes, sean juzgadas en un solo proceso penal. Por lo tanto, es necesario determinar si esto viola el debido proceso y si es necesario llevar a cabo juicios separados para garantizar al acusado el tiempo adecuado para ejercer su derecho a la defensa. Esta investigación concluyo que el concurso real de infracciones puede generar consecuencias en la determinación de la pena, ya que se tiene en cuenta la acumulación de las penas previstas en cada tipo penal. Por tanto, en este tipo de concurso, es fundamental la correcta individualización de las penas para cada delito cometido por el sujeto.
Is it science when you don’t publish it?
Authors: Rohlfing Ingo
Published: June 2024

The debate between Yann LeCun and Elon Musk, reported in Nature, questions whether science necessitates publishing results. My position is that science depends on how you produce your knowledge, not necessarily requiring publication. Only if you face the public, you need to publish about your work.
Trends in sustainable development and environmental protection in Serbia and the Western Balkans
Authors: Filipović Miljana
Published: June 2024

Sustainable development is a process in which constant changes take place between social, economic, and environmental dimensions. This long-run process requires a carefully managed development policy taking into account the complex global challenges facing humanity. Some of the contemporary challenges of sustainable development are for example: raising the level of people's environmental conscience and responsibility, application of economic instruments and innovative solutions to environmental protection problems, etc. Therefore, a sustainable development and environmental protection strategy is necessary. Statistical estimation of achievement of sustainable development goals of the Western Balkan countries in the period from 2012 to 2023 based on the analysis of time series is used in this paper and it is presented using the average annual growth rates. The results showed that the analysed countries recorded collective positive trends in sustainable development and environmental protection, but Serbia achieved the most significant progress and demonstrated significant engagement in this field.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy findings in patients with dyspepsia
Authors: Vasiljević Ivana , Mijač Dragana , Filipović Branka , Arsenović Matija , Bunijevac Savina , Lukić Snežana
Published: June 2024

Introduction/Aim: Dyspepsia is a set of symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract that includes epigastric pain or burning, postprandial fullness or early satiety. These symptoms may or may not be associated with pathological changes in the mucosa. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is an invasive diagnostic tool for detecting pathological changes in the mucosa of the upper digestive tract. The aim of this study was to detect how many patients with dyspepsia older than 55 years who had undergone esophagogastroduodenoscopy had a pathological finding and determine the validity of invasive diagnostics in patients with dyspepsia. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 148 patients who underwent EGD in the period from June to December 2021 due to various indications (dyspepsia, vomiting, anemia, positive fecal occult blood test (FOBT), suspected portal hypertension, body weight loss, reflux disorders and melena) of which we considered only dyspepsia in patients older than 55 years. Results: In the group of patients over 55 years with dyspepsia (n = 61), 8 patients (13.1%) had a normal finding of EGD, defined as the absence of endoscopic and pathohistological changes in the mucosa. One patient (1.6%) had a normal EGD finding, with the presence of Helicobacter pylori. As for pathological endoscopic findings, 24 (39.3%) patients had chronic gastritis and 13 (21.3%) had chronic gastritis in the presence of H. pylori, 19 (31.1%) had signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and 3 (4.9%) had gastric ulcer. The presence of alarming symptoms was detected in 22.9% of patients, however, the findings of upper endoscopy ruled out the existence of gastric cancer. Conclusion: Based on our results, we can conclude that in patients with dyspepsia older than 55 years, pathological findings in EGD are very frequent, which proves the benefit of using this diagnostic method is great, but the possibility of a successful empirical therapy should be also taken into account.
History of the Institute of Pathology "Prof. dr Đorđe Joannović": 100 years of experience and work
Authors: Janković Radmila , Manojlović-Gačić Emilija , Kanjuh Vladimir , Tatić Svetislav , Brašanac Dimitrije , Tomanović Nada , Radojević-Škodrić Sanja , Glumac Sofija
Published: June 2024

One hundred years after its establishment, the Institute of Pathology "Prof. Dr. Đorđe Joannnović" remains the leading institution in Serbia and the region, where besides educating students and laboratory technicians, various state-of-the-art diagnostic procedures in the fields of histopathology, autopsy, and molecular pathology are conducted. The Department of General Pathology and Pathological Anatomy was also founded in 1922. Dr Đorđe Joannnović was the first full professor and the head of the department. After World War II, a joint department of four subjects was formed. An independent Department of Pathological Anatomy was reestablished in 1978, with academician Prof. Vladimir Kanjuh as the first head of the newly formed department. Teaching at the Department of Pathology has been conducted according to a new program since the academic year 2006/07 academic year. Since its beginings, the Department of Pathology has supported students' scientific research work and has been involved in facilitating professional and scientific international student exchange. Teaching of basic academic medical studies in English at the Department of Pathology has been ongoing since 1997. Within the department, there are specializations in Clinical Pathology and Medical Cytology, and in the academic year 2022/23 academic, the first generation of students in the "Pathological Basis of Diseases" doctoral program was enrolled. Today, the Institute of Pathology is listed among the reference institutions of the Republic of Serbia. It possesses a laboratory for routine histological processing of biopsy and autopsy material, an immunohistochemistry laboratory, and a laboratory for molecular pathology. Members of the Department and the Institute of Pathology are authors of numerous professional and scientific publications. They have been involved in founding and working within important professional, health, and scientific institutions in the country and the region. Owing to its exceptional contributions to the development of medical science and practice, the Institute of Pathology was awarded the Order of St. Sava, 3rd class, in 2017.
Methodological diversity in micro-CT evaluation of bone micro-architecture: Importance for inter-study comparability
Authors: Anđelić Uroš , Đurić Marija , Jadžić Jelena
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a standard 3D technique for non-destructive analysis of bone micro-architecture. Although there have been many micro-CT studies in contemporary literature, inter-study comparability is often challenging due to a lack of methodological standardization, particularly regarding human bone analyses. Aim: This study aimed to assess the consistency of micro-CT generated micro-architectural parameters obtained by two researchers (inter-observer reliability), by one researcher in two attempts (intra-observer reliability), as well as between manual and semi-automatic determination of the region of interest (ROI). Material and methods: Superolateral femoral neck samples (n=8) were scanned with Bruker 1172 micro-CT system with a voxel size of 10 µm. We manually determined cortical and trabecular ROI (two authors, two attempts with a 45-day span). Also, trabecular ROI was determined using a semi-automatic method (round-shaped ROI with 6.5 mm diameter). Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) showed a high degree of consistency in the measurement of micro-architectural parameters of the superolateral femoral neck using the micro-CT (ICC range: 0.721-0.998; p<0.05). However, a detailed analysis revealed significant inter-observer and intra-observer differences, predominantly reflected in cortical porosity parameters (Student's t-test for dependent samples, p<0.05). On the other hand, the choice of ROI did not significantly affect trabecular micro-architectural parameters among researchers and between manual and semi-automatic demarcation methods (Student's t-test for dependent samples, p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the importance of standardizing the methodology used in micro-CT evaluations of human bone samples, which could facilitate reliable inter-study comparison and ensure an adequate interpretation of results.
What influences pensioners to use social protection services?
Authors: Lekić Igor , Stamenković Željka , Matejić Bojana , Maksimović Nataša
Published: June 2024

Introduction/Aim. Ageing is a natural phase in the life of every individual, and it is correlated to life changes like retirement when the active working life of a person is ending and is compensated for with sources of income that do not have to be earned by working, which is called pension. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of social services among the retired population and examine the factors associated with the use of social care. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study is a secondary analysis of the data collected in a study conducted by the Union of pension holders of Serbia which was done on a convenient sample of retirees. An anonymous written questionnaire was designed for this specific research. Univariate and multivariate statistic regression were used to analyze the factors associated with the use of social services. Results. Only 6.5% of retirees use some social protection services. Older age, living alone, lower level of education, and not having a mobile phone or computer significantly decrease the probability of using social protection services. Besides, spending time with friends and family significantly decreases the likelihood of using some social protection services. Conclusion. Work in the field of health education is of utmost importance, especially spreading the knowledge about health-related, psychological, and social aspects of ageing in order to overcome stereotypes, prejudices and misunderstandings of this stage of life.
Complications of pneumococcal meningitis in a child with proteus syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ostojić Slavica , Kravljanac Ružica , Kovačević Gordana , Vučetić-Tadić Biljana , Kuzmanović Miloš , Prijić Sergej , Gazikalović Slobodan , Paripović Aleksandra , Sarajlija Adrijan
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Proteus syndrome (PS) is an exceptionally rare disorder characterized by asymmetrical overgrowth of the skin, bones, muscles, adipose and connective tissues as well as blood and lymphatic vessels. Case presentation: We describe the clinical case of a 6.5-year-old girl with PS diagnosed and treated at the Institute for Mother and Child Health Care of Serbia "Dr Vukan Čupić". When she was 11 months old, she was treated for pneumococcal sepsis and meningitis. The disease was complicated by intracranial thromboses of venous sinuses, subdural empyema, brain infarction and a severe neurological deficit in the acute phase. Additionally, portal and mesenteric venous thromboses were identified. At 2.5 years of age, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance revealed an ascending aortic aneurysm. The patient suddenly passed away when she was 6.5 years old and the cause of death has remained unknown. Conclusion: Despite aggressive antibiotic therapy, our patient with PS experienced multiple life-threatening complications associated with pneumococcal disease. Considering the previously documented immune disturbances in PS patients, it is plausible to speculate that our patient's immune system was compromised due to the primary diagnosis. However, as data on the immunological response in PS patients are scarce, conclusive evidence regarding the predisposition to serious infections necessitates further comprehensive studies.
Specific aspects of prognosis and treatment of elderly patients with large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Marković Olivera , Bukurecki Ilija , Stanisavljević Nataša , Divac Anica , Todorović Zoran , Cvetković Zorica
Published: June 2024

Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the general population, constituting 40-50% of all NHL cases, and over 60% of lymphoma cases in the population of patients over 65 years. Given their increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of this lymphoma type is expected to grow in the upcoming years. Treating these patients is a significant challenge due to numerous factors that complicate the treatment and worsen the outcome of the disease. Elderly patients often have comorbid conditions, weakened organ function, altered drug metabolism, and reduced hematopoietic capacity for bone marrow recovery, which makes them less tolerant to chemotherapy. A poorer prognosis is attributed to a higher frequency of the non-GCB subtype and histologically unfavorable types of LBCL, such as EBV-positive LBCL, High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBL), and plasmablastic lymphoma, as well as extranodal localizations associated with worse outcomes. Treating elderly patients is complex because they represent a highly heterogeneous population with significant variations in health status, comorbid conditions, and expected lifespans. Therefore, when it comes to elderly patients, a comprehensive geriatric assessment is necessary, including the determination of a comorbidity index to differentiate between those in good general condition (fit), those in poor general condition (frail), and those who are in between. The treatment can be aimed at recovery, life extension, or symptom control. The standard therapy for elderly patients with good general condition and advanced disease is R-CHOP, while for patients with comorbidities and poor general condition, reduced protocols with or without anthracyclines are considered. Previously, elderly patients with relapsed or refractory LBCL faced a very poor prognosis due to limited treatment options. However, the treatment of elderly patients with R/R LBCL has improved in recent years due to the introduction of new drugs (polatuzumab, tafasitamab, bispecific antibodies, and CAR-T cells) that can be used in older individuals.
Preemptive administration of oral, fast-acting tapentadol compared to tramadol/ketoprofen i.m. to reduce acute pain during and after ESWL procedure in renal stone disease
Authors: Vuksanović Aleksandar , Lađević Nikola , Jovičić Jelena , Petrović Nataša , Jovanović Vesna , Likić-Lađević Ivana , Lađević Nebojša , Lazić Miloš
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) used to be performed under general anesthesia. Today, although it is a painful procedure, it is performed under analgosedation. The aim of the study was to determine the severity of acute pain associated with ESWL using two comparative protocols for preemptive analgesics: tramadol vs. ketoprofen plus tapentadol. Methods: A clinical prospective randomized cohort study included 200 patients of both sexes aged 18-80 years who were divided into two groups: group 1 received a combination of ketoprofen 100 mg/ tramadol 50 mg i.m. 30 minutes before surgery; group 2 received tapentadol IR 50 mg orally, 1 hour before surgery. Pain intensity (NRS) and complications were recorded before, during and at the end of the procedure, respectively. Results: No difference was found in the preoperative characteristics of patient population, size and localization of the stone. Dimensions of kidney-localized stones were significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 1 (T test .000). There was a statistically significant increase in pain intensity before and during the procedure as well as pain intensity decrease during and after the procedure in each group (T test .000). In group 2, 10% of patients experienced severe pain during the procedure, compared to 3%of patients in group 1 (Mann-Witney 0.005). In the severe pain subgroups of each patient group, drowsiness occurred in 5% of patients in group 2, which was significantly more than the 1% in group 1 (overall incidence in both groups was 25%). Conclusion: Although both protocols offered average moderate pain intensity during the procedure, severe pain and nausea were observed more frequently in the tapentadol group, which was related to stone size and JJ stent insertion.
Agenesis of dorsal pancreas as incidental finding in a COVID-19 85-year-old patient: A case report with a review of literature
Authors: Branković Marija , Gmizić Tijana , Dukić Marija , Lalatović Jovana , Mrda Davor
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Polysplenia syndrome is a very rare congenital condition with multifactorial inheritance. It is characterized by the malposition of the thoracic and abdominal organs with or without vascular abnormalities. It comprises multiple cardiac, gastrointestinal, hepatosplenic, pancreatic and renal disorders. It is usually an incidental finding on an abdominal ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan performed for other reasons. Patient review: In this case, an 85-year-old male patient is presented, who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and he was admitted to hospital for bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia. CT scan was performed and revealed polysplenia, various vascular abnormalities, gastrointestinal malformations and agenesis of the dorsal pancreas, so heterotaxy syndrome was diagnosed. Interestingly, this patient did not have diabetes mellitus in spite of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas, neither had he ever have pancreatitis. Conclusion: This present case shows that the quality of life in patients with polysplenia syndrome does not have to be seriously impaired and that these patients can experience old age. Moreover, the awareness and prior knowledge of anomalies included in this syndrome are crucial in order to avoid complications during surgical procedures and/or interventions.
Bilaminar dermal regeneration template for the coverage of exposed dura in a patient irradiated for tinea capitis
Authors: Stojičić Milan , Jurišić Milana , Nikolić-Živanović Maja , Jovanović Milan , Stojanović Marina , Jović Marko , Jeremić Jelena , Marinković Milana
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Before the discovery of antimycotics powerful enough to penetrate the hair follicle, the use of X ray radiation was a worldwide accepted method for scalp epilation as part of the treatment for tinea capitis in children. More than five decades later, the consequences of radiation in ringworm therapy became evident and included high rates of recurrent and aggressive forms of non-melanoma skin tumors, brain tumors and meningiomas, as well as osteoradionecrosis. Scalp reconstruction presents a challenge due to the unique anatomic characteristics of the scalp as well as tissue inelasticity. Cases of bilaminar dermal regeneration templates applied directly on dura in the literature are seldom described. Case report: A male patient irradiated due to tinea capitis as a child, presented at our institution for the management of multiple recurrent infiltrative basocellular carcinomas (BCC) and osteoradionecrosis of the scalp. Severe skin atrophy affected all areas of the scalp except for the forehead, which showed moderate atrophy. The patient had multiple surgeries over the next few years due to the emergence of new and recurrent BCCs as well as zones of osteoradionecrosis of the scalp. Post-surgical defects were commonly reconstructed using local fasciocutaneous flaps and skin autografts. Surgical site complications, including partial flap necrosis or autograft loss, frequently followed the procedures. After exhausting all reconstructive options by repeated previous surgeries, a post-surgical defect following ostectomy of newly developed ORN in the occipital region was reconstructed using a dermal substitute applied directly on the dura and covered with a skin autograft, in a two-step procedure. Due to a high perioperative risk for general anesthesia, the intervention was performed under local anesthesia with anesthesiologic monitoring. The postoperative period was uneventful and the skin autograft had a 100% take. Conclusion: The use of bilaminar dermal regeneration template Integra® can be efficiently utilized for the reconstruction of full thickness skin and calvaria defects in complex cases when all other reconstructive methods are exhausted.
Drug-drug interactions of the reserve antibiotics: A narrative review
Authors: Božić-Cvijan Bojana , Labović Miljana , Kukurić Marija , Bajčetić Milica
Published: June 2024

Drug interactions often cause side effects, especially in children, elderly and/or patients with chronic diseases. Antibiotics are among the most commonly used drugs, so potential impact of antibiotic-drug interactions on the ultimate outcome of therapy may be of great clinical value. Bearing in mind that antibiotic-drug interactions can lead to development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), their identification is specifically important for reserve antibiotics. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze the drug-drug interaction potential of reserve antibiotics. The highest potential for antibiotic-drug interactions was identified with linezolid, colistin, dalfopristin/quinupristin, lefamulin and oritavancin. Special caution should be paid to concomitant administration of ceftazidime-avibactam, telavancin, colistin, polymyxin B, plazomicin with drugs that have nephrotoxic potential due to possibility of more severe renal impairment. Exceptional wariness is required when combining drugs with reserve antibiotics with limited drug-drug interactions information such as plazomicin, carumonam, iclaprim. Having in mind that antibiotic-drug interaction can lead to the changed antimicrobial efficiency and/or safety of the therapy, the antibiotic choice has to be based on data regarding interaction potential. Continuous education of clinical staff regarding the choice of antibiotics based on their interaction potential and optimizing the antibiotic dose may significantly improve pharmacotherapy and decrease the risk for AMR.