bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la percepción que tiene el futuro profesorado sobre el estado actual del mundo
Authors: Bustillo Bayón Jon , Antón Baranda Álvaro
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo analiza el nivel de conocimiento que sobre el mundo actual tienen los futuros docentes que cursan estudios de Grado y Postgrado en Educación en la Universidad del País Vasco. En un contexto de hiperconectividad donde comprobar la veracidad de las informaciones se hace cada vez más complejo, es de gran importancia analizar la percepción que el futuro profesorado tiene sobre el estado actual del mundo. Este conocimiento permite proponer medidas de actuación que ayuden a los docentes a comprender cómo es la adquisición y generación de conocimiento, a través de unos medios de comunicación cada vez más digitalizados. Para ello, se ha utilizado el cuestionario ideado por Rosling et. al, que consta de trece preguntas con tres posibles respuestas cada una. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un porcentaje de aciertos del 21%, una media que no llega a los tres aciertos por persona, y una moda que se sitúa en los dos aciertos. Estos datos son muy similares a los obtenidos por las personas de países socio-económicamente avanzados. Igualmente, existe gran coincidencia en los ítems en los que se obtienen mejores y peores niveles de acierto. El paso por los estudios de educación parece no tener incidencia en el desarrollo de esquemas mentales que ayuden a tener visiones más acertadas de la realidad, que puedan prevenir tanto entre el alumnado como el profesorado la prevalencia de creencias y falacias infundadas.
El Trabajo Interdisciplinar de Módulo como herramienta para el desarrollo de competencias transversales
Authors: Ugalde Leire , Bernaras Iturrioz Elena , Rodríguez Martín Eider , Odria Tudanca Ane
Published: September 2020

El actual sistema universitario se enfrenta al reto de formar un alumnado capaz de adaptarse y dar respuesta a un contexto demográfico y socioeconómico en constante cambio. El desarrollo de competencias transversales se erige como clave para ello y los trabajos interdisciplinares de módulo pueden ofrecer el escenario propicio para su logro. Esta investigación presenta los resultados obtenidos en el desarrollo de seis competencias transversales a través de la aplicación del módulo “Diversidad en la Escuela” en el segundo curso del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). 113 estudiantes respondieron a un cuestionario, tanto antes como después de realizar el módulo, donde se les preguntaba acerca de su percepción sobre estas competencias. Además, se recogieron las respuestas a varias preguntas abiertas al final de la intervención. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes mejoraron significativamente su Capacidad Investigadora, el Razonamiento Crítico, el Tratamiento de la Información y la Transferencia del Conocimiento. El artículo concluye con las reflexiones sobre la aportación que estas mejoras conllevan en la formación de los futuros docentes.
El modelo de enseñanza personalizada (MEP) como promotor de hábitos saludables.
Authors: Arribas-Galarraga Silvia , Luis-De Cos Izaskun
Published: September 2020

En el actual paradigma educativo universitario basado en la adquisición de competencias, los grados que forman a futuros docentes han visto la necesidad de actualizar sus metodologías para adaptarse a la demanda de formación. La finalidad de este trabajo consistió en llevar a cabo y evaluar una intervención a través del Modelo de Enseñanza Personalizada (MEP), y en comprobar si su aplicación aumentaba la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva y si se producía un cambio de actitud e intención en esa práctica. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una valoración positiva y un alto grado de satisfacción con el proceso llevado acabo, subrayando la importancia de la personalización del método, que respeta la individualidad, el ritmo de trabajo y la libertad con la que se podía desarrollar el plan. Este trabajo constata la eficacia del Modelo de Enseñanza Personalizada como promotor válido para el incremento de la práctica de actividad físico-deportiva en jóvenes estudiantes.
Assessing the Impact of Weighted Blankets on Anxiety for Patients With Eating Disorders in an Inpatient Setting: A Randomized Control Trial Pilot
Authors: Ohene Rachel , Logan Christina , Watters Ashlie , Loresto Figaro , Eron Kathryn , Mehler Philip
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/27/20

An RCT that assesses the efficacy of weighted blankets on anxiety for patients with severe anorexia nervosa (AN) and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in an inpatient medical setting. The results demonstrate clinical significance, advancing the field of OT as it supports the use of a sensory intervention to positively impact psychological and emotional states of a patient population with limited evidence to support best practices.

Primary Author and Speaker: Rachel Ohene

Additional Authors and Speakers: Christina Logan

Contributing Authors: Ashlie Watters, Figaro Loresto, Kathryn Eron, Philip Mehler
Overcoming Barriers: Therapist, Client, and Caregiver Perspectives on Home-Modification Recommendations
Authors: Fedoruk Randal , Oakley Justin , Ramos Alisha
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/27/20

OT practitioners conduct home evaluations to assess living environments, eliminate potential environmental barriers, and empower clients to actively engage in meaningful occupations. Compliance with home-modification recommendations is a problem area. This study aimed to identify the barriers to home-modification recommendation compliance through qualitative insights from OT practitioners, community-dwelling elderly clients, and caregivers in order to facilitate productive aging in place.

Primary Author and Speaker: Alisha Ramos

Additional Authors and Speakers: Justin Oakley

Contributing Authors: Randal Fedoruk
Effectiveness of an Intensive Occupational Therapy Camp for Children
Authors: Stackhouse Tracy , Burke Hannah , Lane Shelly , Hui Caroline , Burke Lynette , Osten Beth , Hacker Colleen
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/28/20

Camp Jabiru (CJ) is a naturalistic camp that provides OT through a replicable fidelity process for children with developmental differences. Campers improved their functional performance as measured by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) from both parent and OT ratings. COPM positive change remained stable three months postintervention. The findings suggest the OT intervention provided at CJ via a replicable process has a positive and lasting impact on occupational performance.

Primary Author and Speaker: Tracy Stackhouse

Additional Authors and Speakers: Hannah Burke, Shelly Lane

Contributing Authors: Caroline Hui, Lynette Burke, Beth Osten, Colleen Hacker
Telehealth and Home-Health Occupational Therapy: Patients’ Perceived Satisfaction With and Perception of Occupational Performance
Authors: Zahoransky Missi
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/28/20

There is a need for immediate focus on options for OT utilization and practice patterns in home healthcare. New payment models have agencies looking at alternative ways to manage costs efficiently without sacrificing care. Telehealth is not a new concept, but the use in traditional home care is emerging. This study explored the combination of on-site and telehealth visits on the participants’ overall perception of and satisfaction with improvement in occupational performance.

Primary Author and Speaker: Missi Zahoransky
Is There a Relationship Between Dynamic Grip Strength and Hand Function in Healthy Adults?
Authors: Poole Cindy , Archer Jennifer , Barnhill Perry , Lumpkin Hayley , Stringfield Ansley
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/28/20

A quantitative study was conducted to determine if a correlation existed between dynamic grip strength and hand function in healthy subjects across the life span. Outcomes were measured using the BTE grip tool and the Jebsen Hand Function Test. An insufficient statistical correlation existed between timed Jebsen hand-function results and dynamic hand-strength values to support the use of test results as a clinical indicator of functionality or intervention planning.

Primary Author and Speaker: Cindy Poole

Contributing Authors: Jennifer Archer, Perry Barnhill, Hayley Lumpkin, Ansley Stringfield
Improving Occupational Therapists’ Comfort and Confidence in Addressing Sexual Function Through Education
Authors: Grasso Breanne
Published: September 2020

Date Presented 03/28/20

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an online education program to improve the participants’ comfort and confidence when addressing sexuality. The study was a pretest–posttest design completed over six weeks and included 21 OT practitioners. The results indicated that the practitioners had improved comfort and confidence when addressing sexuality, had decreased concerns about addressing sexuality, and had an increased rate of addressing sexuality.

Primary Author and Speaker: Breanne Grasso
Multi-scale assessment of a grassland productivity model
Authors: Taylor Shawn D. , Browning Dawn M.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Grasslands provide many important ecosystem services globally and forecasting grassland productivity in the coming decades will provide valuable information to land managers. Productivity models can be well-calibrated at local scales, but generally have some maximum spatial extent in which they perform well. Here we evaluate a grassland productivity model to find the optimal spatial extent for parameterization, and thus for subsequently applying it in future forecasts for North America. We also evaluated the model on new vegetation types to ascertain its potential generality. We find the model most suitable when incorporating only grasslands, as opposed to also including agriculture and shrublands, and only in the Great Plains and Eastern Temperate Forest ecoregions of North America. The model was not well suited to grasslands in North American Deserts or Northwest Forest ecoregions. It also performed poorly in agriculture vegetation, likely due to management activities, and shrubland vegetation, likely because the model lacks representation of deep water pools. This work allows us to perform long-term forecasts in areas where model performance has been verified, with gaps filled in by future modelling efforts.
Simulation of ash clouds after a Laacher See-type eruption
Authors: Niemeier Ulrike , Riede Felix , Timmreck Claudia
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Dated to ca. 13,000 years ago, the Laacher See (East Eifel Volcanic Zone) eruption was one of the largest mid-latitude Northern Hemisphere volcanic events of the Late Pleistocene. This eruptive event not only impacted local environments and human communities but also NH climate. We have simulated the evolution of the fine ash and sulfur cloud of an LSE-type eruption under present-day meteorological conditions that mirror the empirically known ash transport distribution as derived from geological, palaeo-ecological and archaeological evidence linked directly to the Late Pleistocene eruption of the Laacher See volcano. This evidence has informed our experimental set-up and we simulated corresponding eruptions of different injection altitudes (30, 60 and, 100 hPa) with varying emission strengths of sulfur and fine ash (1.5, 15, 100 Tg SO2) and at different days in spring. The chosen eruption dates were determined by the stratospheric wind fields to reflect the empirically observed ash lobes. While it proved difficult to replicate the meteorological conditions that likely prevailed 13,000 years ago, our novel simulations suggest that the heating of the ash plays a crucial role for the transport of ash and sulfate. Depending on the altitude of the injection, the volcanic cloud begins to rotate one to three days after the eruption. The rotation, as well as the additional radiative heating of the fine ash, adds a southerly component to the transport vectors. This ash cloud-generated southerly migration process may at least partially explain why, as yet, no Laacher See tephra has been found in Greenlandic ice-cores. Sulfate transport, too, is impacted by the heating of the ash, resulting in a stronger transport to low-latitudes, later arrival of the volcanic cloud in the Arctic regions and, a longer lifetime. Our models throw new light on the likely behaviour of the ash cloud that darkened European skies at the end of the Pleistocene, and serve as significant input for scenarios that consider the risks associated with re-awakened volcanism in the Eifel.
Database of global glendonite and ikaite records throughout the
Phanerozoic
Authors: Rogov Mikhail , Ershova Victoria , Vereshchagin Oleg , Vasileva Kseniia , Mikhailova Kseniia , Krylov Aleksei
Published: September 2020

Abstract. This database of Phanerozoic occurrences and isotopic characteristics of metastable cold-water calcium carbonate hexahydrate (ikaite; CaCO3·6H2O) and their associated carbonate pseudomorphs (glendonites) has been compiled from academic publications and open-access reports. Our database including 690 occurrences reveals that glendonites characterize cold-water environments, although their distribution is highly irregular in space and time. A significant body of evidence suggests that glendonite occurrences are restricted mainly to cold-water settings, however they do not occur during every glaciation or cooling event of the Phanerozoic. While Quaternary glendonites and ikaites have been described from all major ocean basins, older occurrences have a patchy distribution, which may suggest poor preservation potential of both carbonate concretions and older sediments. The data file described in this paper is available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991964 (Rogov et al., 2020).
Using PhET™ Interactive Simulation Plate Tectonics on Initial Teacher Education
Authors: Cavadas Bento , Aboim Sara
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Using digital educational resources on science education is an effective way of promoting students content knowledge of complex natural processes. This work presents the usage of a digital educational resource (DER) CreativeLab_Sci&Math | Plate Tectonics, that explores the PhET™ Plate Tectonics simulator, on the context of pre-service teachers (PST) education. It was analysed the preservice-teachers performance on the five tasks in which the DER was organized. Results show that the DER contribute for the successful achievement of PST of the following learning outcomes: describing the differences between the oceanic crust and continental crust regarding temperature, density, composition and thickness; associating the plate tectonic movements with their geological consequences; identifying the plate tectonic movements that cause the formation of some geological structures. Results also show that PST considered PhET™ Plate tectonics simulator contributed for their learning about plate tectonics.
Evaluating the land-surface energy partitioning in ERA5
Authors: Martens Brecht , Schumacher Dominik L. , Wouters Hendrik , Muñoz-Sabater Joaquín , Verhoest Niko E. C. , Miralles Diego G.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Climate reanalyses provide a plethora of global atmospheric and surface parameters in a consistent
manner over multi-decadal timescales. Hence, they are widely used in many fields, and an in-depth
evaluation of the different variables provided by reanalyses is a necessary means to provide
feedback on the quality to their users and the operational centres producing these data sets, and
to help guide their development. Recently, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
(ECMWF) released the new state-of-the-art climate reanalysis ERA5, following up on its popular
predecessor ERA-Interim. Different sets of variables from ERA5 were already evaluated in a handful
of studies, but so far, the quality of land-surface energy partitioning has not been assessed.
Here, we evaluate the surface energy partitioning over land in ERA5 and concentrate on the
appraisal of the surface latent heat flux, surface sensible heat flux, and Bowen ratio against
different reference data sets and using different modelling tools. Most of our analyses point
towards a better quality of surface energy partitioning in ERA5 than in ERA-Interim, which may be
attributed to a better representation of land-surface processes in ERA5 and certainly to the
better quality of near-surface meteorological variables. One of the key shortcomings of the
reanalyses identified in our study is the overestimation of the surface latent heat flux over
land, which – although substantially lower than in ERA-Interim – still remains in ERA5. Overall,
our results indicate the high quality of the surface turbulent fluxes from ERA5 and the general
improvement upon ERA-Interim, thereby endorsing the efforts of ECMWF to improve their climate
reanalysis and to provide useful data to many scientific and operational fields.
Explicit silicate cycling in the Kiel Marine Biogeochemistry Model,
version 3 (KMBM3) embedded in the UVic ESCM version 2.9
Authors: Kvale Karin , Keller David P. , Koeve Wolfgang , Meissner Katrin J. , Somes Chris , Yao Wanxuan , Oschlies Andreas
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We describe and test a new model of biological marine silicate cycling, implemented in the University of Victoria Earth System Climate Model (UVic ESCM) version 2.9. This new model adds diatoms, which are a key aspect of the biological carbon pump, to an existing ecosystem model. The new model performs well against important ocean biogeochemical indicators and captures the large-scale features of the marine silica cycle. Furthermore it is computationally efficient, allowing both fully-coupled, long-timescale transient simulations, as well as "offline" transport matrix spinups. We assess the fully-coupled model against modern ocean observations, the historical record since 1960, and a business-as-usual atmospheric CO2 forcing to the year 2300. The model simulates a global decline in net primary production (NPP) of 1.3 % having occurred since the 1960s, with the strongest declines in the tropics, northern mid-latitudes, and Southern Ocean. The simulated global decline in NPP reverses after the year 2100 (forced by the extended RCP CO2 concentration scenario), and NPP returns to pre-industrial rates by 2300. This recovery is dominated by increasing primary production in the Southern Ocean, mostly by calcifying phytoplankton. Large increases in calcifying phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean offset a decline in the low latitudes, producing a global net calcite export in 2300 that varies only slightly from pre-industrial rates. Diatoms migrate southward in our simulations, following the receding Antarctic ice front, but are out-competed by calcifiers across most of their pre-industrial Southern Ocean habitat. Global opal export production thus drops to 50 % of its pre-industrial value by 2300. Model nutrients phosphate, silicate, and nitrate build up along the Southern Ocean particle export pathway, but dissolved iron (for which ocean sources are held constant) increases in the upper ocean. This different behaviour of iron is attributed to a reduction of low-latitude NPP (and consequently, a reduction in both uptake and export and particle, including calcite, scavenging), an increase in seawater temperatures (raising the solubility of particle forms), and stratification that "traps" the iron near the surface. These results are meant to serve as a baseline for sensitivity assessments to be undertaken with this model in the future.
Mobile open dynamic chamber measurement of methane macroseeps in lakes
Authors: Thalasso Frederic , Walter Anthony Katey , Irzak Olya , Chaleff Ethan , Barker Laughlin , Anthony Peter , Hanke Philip , Gonzalez-Valencia Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Methane (CH4) seepage; i.e., steady or episodic flow of gaseous hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs, has been identified as a significant source of atmospheric CH4. However, radiocarbon data from polar ice cores recently brought into question the magnitude of fossil CH4 seepage naturally occurring. In northern high latitudes, seepage of subsurface CH4 is impeded by permafrost and glaciers, which are under an increasing risk of thawing and melting in a globally warming world, implying the potential release of large stores of CH4 in the future. Resolution of these important questions requires a better constraint and monitoring of actual emissions from seepage areas. The measurement of these seeps is challenging, particularly in aquatic environments, because they involve large and irregular gas flowrates, unevenly distributed both spatially and temporally. Large macroseeps are particularly difficult to measure due to a lack of lightweight, inexpensive methods that can deployed in remote Arctic environments. Here, we report the use of a mobile chamber for measuring emissions at the surface of ice-free lakes subject to intense CH4 macroseepage. Tested in a remote Alaskan lake, the method was validated for the measurement of fossil CH4 emissions of up to 1.08 × 104 g CH4 m-2 d-1 (13.0 L m-2 min-1 of 83.4 % CH4 bubbles), which is within the range of global fossil methane seepage and several orders of magnitude above standard ecological emissions from lakes. In addition, this method allows for low diffusive flux measurements. Thus, the mobile chamber approach presented here covers the entire magnitude range of CH4 emissions currently identified, from those standardly observed in lakes to intense macroseeps, with a single apparatus of moderate cost.
GIS-based topographic reconstruction and geomechanical modelling of the Köfels Rock Slide
Authors: Zangerl Christian , Schneeberger Annemarie , Steiner Georg , Mergili Martin
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Köfels Rock Slide in the Ötztal Valley (Tyrol, Austria) represents the largest known extremely rapid landslide in metamorphic rock masses in the Alps. Although many hypotheses for the trigger were discussed in the past, until now no scientifically proven trigger factor has been identified. This study provides new data about the i) pre-failure and failure topography, ii) failure volume and porosity of the sliding mass, and iii) shear strength properties of the gneissic rock mass obtained by back-calculations. Geographic information system methods were used to reconstruct the slope topographies before, during and after the event. Comparing the resulting digital terrain models leads to volume estimates of the failure and deposition masses of 3.1 km3 and 4.0 km3, respectively and a sliding mass porosity of 26 %. For the back-calculations the 2D discrete element method was applied to determine the shear strength properties of the reconstructed basal shear zone. Results indicated that under no groundwater flow conditions, a very low friction angle below 24° is required to promote failure, whilst, with groundwater flow, the critical value increase to 28°. Such a low friction angle is unexpected from a rock mechanical perspective for this strong rock and groundwater flow, even if high water pressures are assumed, may not be able to trigger this rock slide. Additional conditioning and triggering factors should be identified by further studies, for example focussing on the impact of dynamic loading.
Study of the current vegetation of the historical lava flows of the Arafo Volcano, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Authors: Martín Osorio Victoria Eugenia , Wildpret Martín Wolf Hermann , Negrín Rocío González , De la Torre Wolfredo Wildpret
Published: September 2020

Vegetation research on the lava flows of the historic volcanic eruption of 1705 in Arafo, Tenerife, Canary Islands, is presented. The study area located in the 830000-year-old valley of Güímar was created after a massive landslide 47 km3 in volume. The research is divided into three parts, which cover an altitudinal range from around 35 to 1583 m a.s.l. from the Lower-semiarid Inframediterranean up to the Lower-dry lower-Mesomediterranean bioclimatic belts. First, a phytosociological study of the vegetation present in the area was made and concluded that richness in pioneer communities form a vegetation complex with a high degree of endemicity. Two new associations and four pioneer communities are proposed. Especially notable are the communities of Stereocauletum vesuviani and the pioneer communities of Pinus canariensis. The second part of the research was a field sampling study of 450 individuals of Pinus canariensis, which were measured at different altitudes to obtain data about the colonization dynamics of this species on this 300 years old substrate. We found that stem diameter seems to be a good indicator for healthy tree development at a range between 700 to 1300 m asl, which corresponds to the pine forest as potential vegetation and that many individuals show signs of nutrient deficiency. The third part consists of the publication of two new populations of the Canarian endemism Himantoglossum metlesicsianum, a highly endangered orchid. The monitoring of these two populations has recently begun, and further research will be conducted on all three aspects of this publication, which will be presented and expanded upon in the future.
Maquinaria, ordenadores y superación del capital. Una aproximación crítica al ciber-comunismo
Authors: Rodríguez Rojo Jesús
Published: September 2020

Este artículo ofrece un balance crítico de la propuesta ciber-comunista abanderada hoy por autores como Cockshott, Cottrell y Nieto. Trataremos de ver si la computación ofrece los elementos necesarios para llevar a cabo una revolución de las condiciones de producción que dejen atrás las formas mercantiles y fetichizadas que hoy parecemos requerir para satisfacer nuestras necesidades. Para ello la examinamos a la luz de los desarrollos que la crítica marxiana de la economía política ofrece sobre la forma en que tiene lugar la superación del modo de producción capitalista. El núcleo de la argumentación se ceñirá a discernir hasta qué punto y en qué sentido la cibernética consigue profundizar los cambios que Marx identificaba con la implantación de la maquinaria como forma de extracción de plusvalía relativa.
SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS NO PLANEJAMENTO INTEGRADO DO TERRITÓRIO METROPOLITANO: OFERTA, DEMANDA E PRESSÕES SOBRE A PROVISÃO DE ÁGUA NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA
Authors: Carbone Amanda Silveira , Coutinho Sonia Maria Viggiani , Fernandes Valdir , Philippi Junior Arlindo
Published: September 2020

A sustentabilidade dos assentamentos humanos, principalmente áreas urbanas, e dos ecossistemas como um todo envolve a adoção de estratégias territoriais integradoras, que levem em conta os aspectos ambientais, econômicos, sociais e culturais. O enfoque dos serviços ecossistêmicos pode ser aliado no fortalecimento da visão integrada do território metropolitano e da água como elemento-chave integrador. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo a proposição de um conjunto de indicadores de avaliação de capital natural e da oferta e demanda do serviço ecossistêmico de provisão de água para regiões metropolitanas, tendo como recorte a Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC) (PR). O conjunto de indicadores foi selecionado de uma base teórica pautada em levantamento bibliográfico e posteriormente validado por especialistas pelo método Delphi, com envio de questionários eletrônicos em duas rodadas de validação. Os indicadores validados foram utilizados posteriormente para análise da provisão de água na RMC. Embora a mancha urbana concentre as maiores demandas por recursos hídricos, os municípios do seu entorno são os maiores provedores reais ou potenciais de serviços ecossistêmicos. Alguns municípios, principalmente os localizados no extremo norte da RMC, destacam-se pela significativa disponibilidade hídrica. No entanto, a análise demonstra tendência de degradação do capital natural e consequente comprometimento na provisão de água na RMC. Há a necessidade de se ampliar, em grande parte da região, a implementação das políticas de proteção da biodiversidade, de se estimular a criação de novas unidades de conservação e de fortalecer o monitoramento do uso do solo e a busca por soluções inovadoras para melhorar a gestão da água na metrópole.
Docencia en medio de la pandemia, un análisis de la educación en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Murgas Ottoniel Sánchez
Published: September 2020

Tras la Declaración de Pandemia de la COVID-19 por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)en marzo de 2020(1) se ha obligado al personal docente a adaptarse y ver con una nueva perspectiva el proceso de formación en las Facultades de Medicina, optando por varias alternativas virtuales en los procesos de enseñanza. Todos los niveles educativos han sido afectados durante la pandemia COVID-19, cancelando programas de intercambio y viajes al extranjero para estudiantes, docentes e investigadores. También, las reuniones académicas, los congresos internacionales y nacionales de asociaciones estudiantiles fueron afectadas; pero, sin duda, el mayor impacto lo sufrió la academia debido a la suspensión de actividades de docencia presenciales
Environment as a Breast Cancer-Causing Factors in Urban Women in Indonesia
Authors: Dharmayanti Ika , Azhar Khadijah , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari
Published: September 2020

Environmental influence is one of the important factors in breast cancer incidence because residential and work environments may be potential for breast cancer outcomes. This study aimed to determine residential and workplace environments with the occurrence of women breast cancer in urban areas in Indonesia. This study used data from Non-Communicable Disease (NCD Research) in 2016 which covered 34 provinces in Indonesia. There were 38,790 people to measure the occurrence of breast cancer in women aged 25–64 years. The sample was women who were willing to be interviewed and to conduct clinical breast examinations (Sadanis). The analysis was aimed at finding out the correlation between exposure, residential environment, and workplaces with the occurrence of breast tumor/cancer. The results showed that the risk of breast cancer in women who worked in risky workplaces from the normal state was 1.96 times higher than women who worked in non-risky workplaces (OR=1.96; 95% CI= 1.41 to 2.7; p<0.001). Suspected of tumor/cancer in the residential areas are inversely proportional to those not living close to the mining location (OR=0.86; 95% CI= 0.77 to 0.97; p<0.001). These findings suggest the important role of the environment in breast cancer incidence. Therefore, it is recommended to apply a healthy lifestyle, both physically and spiritually, and provide regular health screening.
Rice Blast Prevalence in Smallholder Rice Farmlands in Uganda
Authors: Amayo R. , Oparok Teddy , Lamo Jimmy , Drissa Silue , Edema Richard , Tusiime Geoffrey
Published: September 2020

Rice blast disease remains the most important contributor to low and stagnated rice yields in Uganda. However, the role of the smallholder farming system in shaping the prevalence of the disease in the country is not known. In 2015B and 2016A, we surveyed smallholder rice farmlands in 27 districts of Uganda and recorded blast incidence, severity, and symptoms expression. Infected rice samples taken from the infected plants were sub-cultured on PDA media to confirm the pathogen and obtain isolates for the establishment of a core collection for breeding work. Rice blast prevalence in the districts varied from 50-100% and the national average stood at 72.61%, higher than that recorded five years ago. Mean incidence and severity varied significantly (< 0.001) with the highest incidence (96.8%) recorded in Luwero district and the least (21.3%) was recorded in the Amuru district. However, the eastern region recorded the highest average incidence (74.5%) followed by the central, the northern, and Mid-western regions. In the rice ecologies, the highest blast incidence was recorded in the rain-fed lowland rice (72.18%) followed by irrigated lowland (59.53%) and rain-fed upland rice (47.27%). This is the first report on the prevalence of blast in smallholder rice farmlands in Uganda and showed a higher prevalence of the disease.
Photosynthetic Performance of Guaranazeiro Plants as Affected by Glyphosate Application
Authors: Leite Bruna N. , Pinto Karla Gabrielle D. , Santos Victor Alexandre H. F. dos , Ferreira Marciel J. , Albertino Sônia Maria F.
Published: September 2020

The unsuitable use of herbicides damages many cultures. In cases of high infestations and presence of aggressive weed species in guarana (Paullinia cupana) culture, glyphosate application is advisable, but its impact on guarana physiology is unknown. Therefore, leaf photosynthetic characteristics were measured with the aim of identifying if the photosynthetic performance of guaranazeiro plants is affected in response to glyphosate application. Three glyphosate doses (0 (control); 324 and 432 g a.i. ha-1) were applied to two guaranazeiro cultivars (BRS-Andirá and BRS-Maués) selected on the basis of productive performance. An analysis was made of the effects of these doses on characteristics that represent the photosynthetic process: gas exchange, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII, performance index and chlorophyll content. The application of glyphosate did not affect the short-term responses relative chlorophyll content (SPAD index) and light use (chlorophyll a fluorescence). After 168 h, there were changes only in gas exchange variables. The effects of glyphosate doses on gas exchange was different between guaranazeiro cultivars. The photosynthetic performance of the guaranazeiro seems to be tolerant to the effects of short-term of glyphosate application.
Institutional Factors Affecting Farmers’ Decision to Adapt to Climate Change
Authors: Tshikororo Mpho , Chauke Phineas Khazamula , Zuwarimwe Jethro
Published: September 2020

Adaptation to climate change has become the global focal point especially in recent years. Researchers have defined adaptation to climate change as an effective way for farmers to survive in the face of the scourge. This paper investigated how institutional factors plays a role in farmers’ decision to adapt to climate change. The population of the study was emerging farmers drawn from five districts of the Limpopo province of South Africa. The study used a two-stage cluster sampling technique to select a sample size of 206 emerging farmers. The dependent variable of the study was farmers’ decision to adapt to climate change while the explanatory variables consisted of institutional factors such as access to extension services, farmers’ organisation, membership and access to climate change information. Binary Logistic Regression model was used to determine emerging farmers’ decision to adapt to climate change in Limpopo province. The results showed that institutional factors such as access to both weather information and extension services together with special training on climate change adaptation significantly influenced farmers’ decision to adapt. Therefore, the study recommended participation of different stakeholders to provide institutional support to farmers and thus enhance their extent to adaptation.
Integration of Tsetse Fly and Trypanosomiasis Control Methods From Livestock Farmers’ Perspective: A Multivariate Probit Approach
Authors: Onyango Seth Ooko , Mukoya-Wangia Sabina , Kinama Josiah Mwivandi , Olet Pamela Akinyi
Published: September 2020

Integration of tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis control methods is identified as most feasible and effective approach to eradication of African Animal Trypanosomiasis (AAT) and Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT). However, little focus is directed towards understanding the drivers of integration of the control methods by farmers. We used cross-sectional data collected from 536 livestock keeping households in Lamu County of Kenya to identify factors influencing multiple use of insecticide treated livestock (ITL), insecticide treated targets (ITT), and treatment with trypanocidal drugs (TTD). Multivariate probit model was applied in estimation of covariates of multiple use of the control methods. Descriptive results indicated that nearly 61% of the livestock keeping households used at least one of the tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis control methods, with about 9%, 7%, and 13% of the households using ITL, ITT, and TTD, respectively. The results also indicated that nearly 32% of the households integrated the control methods. Furthermore, multivariate probit results showed that sex of household head, age of farmer, positive perceptions of technology availability and effectiveness, and off-farm income increased the likelihood of integration. In contrast, household size, having agriculture as the main occupation, and cost of the technology significantly reduced the likelihood of multiple use of the control methods. The results suggest heterogeneity in farmers’ decisions to integrate tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis control methods. Therefore, farmer outreach programs should consider key household characteristics, as well as technological attributes which may stimulate adoption of appropriate tsetse fly and trypanosomiasis control technologies.
A Risk-Hedging View to Refinery Capacity Investment in OPEC Countries
Authors: Ghoddusi Hamed , Wirl Franz
Published: September 2020

Should oil-rich members of OPEC invest in the oil refinery industry? This is a crucial energy policy question for such economies. We extend theoretical models for a vertical integration strategy within an oil-producing economy, based on a risk-hedging view. The first model highlights the trade-off between return and risk-reduction features of upstream/downstream sectors. The dynamic model demonstrates the volatility of the total budgetary revenue of each sector. Our theory-guided empirical analysis shows that though the average markup in the refining sector is significantly smaller than the profits in the upstream, downstream investment can provide some hedging value. In particular, the more stable and mean-reverting refining margins provide a partial revenue cushion when crude oil prices are low. We discuss the risk-hedging feature of the refinery industry when the crude oil market faces supply versus demand shocks.
Collection of hospital wastewater data
using deduplication approaches
Authors: Khan N.A. , Sinha G.R. , Ahmed S. , Feshchenko A. , Changani F. , Qureshi A. , Mazhar M.A. , Neklonskyi I.
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This investigation aims to study the various approaches currently used to reduce
the load on computer servers in order to better manage data on hospital wastewater
treatment and solid waste generation.
Design/methodology/approach: This manuscript investigates the taxonomies of
deduplication procedures based on literature and other data sources, thereby presenting its
classification and its challenges in detection.
Findings: Based on the literature survey of deduplication techniques, the method of
deduplication dispensed on cloud gadget devices has been found to be a promising
research challenge. The gaps discussed include a reduction in storage space, bandwidth,
type of disks used, and expenditure on energy usage and heat emissions when implementing
these strategies. The art work on a scalable, robust, green and allocated approach to
deduplication for a cloud gadget will remain of interest in destiny.
Research limitations/implications: Considerable attention is focused on the deduplication
due to efficient, extensive storage system.
Practical implications: This research paper will be useful to identify deduplication
techniques which are nowadays used in different hospital wastewater data collection
systems and put significant proposals for further improvements in deduplication.
Originality/value: This manuscript portrays a broader assessment of the available
literature for data duplication along with the classification of different methods for the data
storage used in the different level of storage of hospital wastewater data collection.
Aktywność fizyczna Polaków w czasie pracy zdalnej – prezentacja wyników badań empirycznych
Authors: Szczygielska Agnieszka
Published: September 2020

Epidemia COVID-19 wywróciła życie społeczeństw na całym świecie do góry nogami. W rezultacie ogłoszenia w Polsce w stanu epidemicznego, a następnie stanu epidemii, wprowadzone zostały liczne ograniczenia, które wpłynęły na styl życia i pracy Polaków. W konsekwencji z dnia na dzień życie zawodowe wielu osób przeniosło się do przestrzeni domowej, która zaczęła być nie tylko domem i miejscem pracy, ale nierzadko także szkołą. Dla wielu osób zmiana stylu życia i pracy wiązała się także z ograniczeniem aktywności fizycznej. W artykule omówiono wyniki badania przeprowadzonego przez CIOP-PIB kwietniu i maju 2020 r. (CAWI, N=359) dotyczącego kształtowania zdrowych warunków pracy oraz aktywności fizycznej osób pracujących w domu.
Evaluation of Juxta-Apical Radiolucency as a Risk Factor for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Damage: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study
Authors: Khojastepour Leila , Ghasemi Mohammad , Rasti Shabnam , Hasani Mahvash
Published: September 2020

Background: Injuries to the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves (IAN) through third molar surgery are common and complicated clinical problems. Juxta-apical radiolucency (JAR) is one of the new radiographic signs, suggestive of IAN damage. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between JAR and IAN and to determine its effects on the cortical plate. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, after evaluating an initial sample of 450 cases, the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 20 patients with JAR were compared with those of 20 age-matched patients without JAR in the axial and multi-planar images. The relationship between JAR and IAN was evaluated, and thinning of the mandibular cortical plates was also investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive tests and chi-square test in SPSS version 23. Results: The relationship between JAR and IAN was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The cortical plates were perforated in 75% of cases with JAR as opposed to 45% of cases without JAR (P = 0.06). The relationship between the location of JAR and IAN was also significant (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Based on the present results, JAR was associated with IAN in most cases. Thinning of the cortical plates was observed in all cases of JAR.
The Architecture of Appearance
Authors: Davies Katherine ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

Ciudad Cayalá in Guatemala brands itself as the country’s first private city. I turn to Hannah Arendt to show how and why Cayalá does not and cannot provide the space of appearance she argues is needed to support the possibility of political action. I show how Arendt provides two apparently distinct phenomenological accounts in The Human Condition—one historically-oriented and the other politically-oriented—that articulate how Cayalá fails in its aspiration to privatize the political. Yet the apparent divergence between her accounts raises concern about her relevance for liberatory feminist projects. To demonstrate how and why Arendt’s political phenomenology is aligned with certain feminist aims, I also generate a Cayaláian reading of Arendt to demonstrate the coherence of her two phenomenological accounts through interpreting her thinking by way of Cayalá’s architecture. This article enacts a dialogue between Arendt and Cayalá, mediated by feminist and architectural theory, concerning why efforts toward the privatization of cities will fail.
Arendt’s Contradictions
Authors: Cain Alex ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

Commentators often note that there are contradictions, or at least inconsistencies, in Arendt’s work. On the one hand, Arendt is accused of theoretical inconsistencies, insofar as she makes claims in her later work that seem incompatible with claims she made earlier. On the other hand, Arendt has been accused of contradicting herself morally, with some commentators claiming that Arendt should not have written Eichmann in Jerusalem the way she wrote it. Both views place the treatment of the 1961 Eichmann trial at the center of Arendt’s thought, and cast it as representing a radical shift from Arendt’s earlier work. This article shows that both views fail to acknowledge the importance of what I call the “archetype of non-contradiction” in Arendt’s work. I argue that, viewed in perspective, her treatment of the Eichmann trial is simply another instance of Arendt attempting to follow the archetype of non-contradiction, practicing tentative and fluid thinking, and maintaining her friendship with herself.
“The Kind of Cake, Not the Kind of Customer”
Authors: Corvino John ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: September 2020

In June 2018 the Supreme Court of the United States decided the case of Masterpiece Cakeshop, in which baker Jack Phillips refused to provide a cake for a same-sex wedding. The Court decided the case on fairly narrow grounds; in particular, it set aside the question of whether Phillips illegally discriminated on the basis of sexual orientation by refusing to sell the same cake to a gay couple that he would sell to a heterosexual couple. Concurring opinions by Justices Kagan and Gorsuch do address that question, however, and in this paper I explore the debate between them. By distinguishing between design-based and use-based refusals of service and then arguing that some use-based refusals are tantamount to discrimination on the basis of protected traits, I argue that Jack Phillips did indeed discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation. I also argue that another baker, who refused to create a “Leviticus 18:22 ‘Homosexuality is a detestable sin’ ” cake, did not discriminate on the basis of religion. I thus side with Justice Kagan against Justice Gorsuch on the question of whether the Colorado commission treated the two bakers inconsistently.
Real Talk on the Metaphysics of Gender
Authors: Dembroff Robin ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: September 2020

Gender classifications often are controversial. These controversies typically focus on whether gender classifications align with facts about gender kind membership: Could someone really be nonbinary? Is Chris Mosier (a trans man) really a man? I think this is a bad approach. Consider the possibility of ontological oppression, which arises when social kinds operating in a context unjustly constrain the behaviors, concepts, or affect of certain groups. Gender kinds operating in dominant contexts, I argue, oppress trans and nonbinary persons in this way: they marginalize trans men and women, and exclude nonbinary persons. As a result, facts about membership in dominant gender kinds should not settle gender classification practices.
Another Letter Long Delayed
Authors: Dotson Kristie , Spencer Ayanna De’ Vante ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: September 2020

This paper is an effort toward conceptual transparency around toxic inclusivity in academic feminism and the kinds of care it lacks toward, what amounts to, bad knowledge production practices. In this paper, we claim that some of the forms of reductive inclusion that ought to be avoided are epistemologically unsound practices that propagate disempowering, false, and/or distortive messages about targets of inclusion. We take reductive inclusion to be inclusion that treats the targets of inclusion as plot devices and/or as means to a narrative end. These practices should be avoided in order to work toward a range of coalitional possibilities between differently situated populations with social justice aims. Moreover, we are concerned with making clear that toxic inclusion is a type of bad scholarship. The reductive inclusions to avoid articulated in this paper are (1) interpolation and (2) ossification. Interpolation involves executing “inclusion” with formal, instead of substantive, overtures. Ossification, however, establishes parasitic relations of inclusion that present a skeleton of one’s targets for inclusion that reduces whole groups to serve the purpose of the narrator. Through a discussion of Audre Lorde’s “An Open Letter to Mary Daly” (1979), we explain Lorde’s brilliant and succinct critique of Daly as exemplifying interpolation and ossification. Ultimately, this paper adds to diverse Black feminist literatures on effective coalitions and gestures toward potential rules for engagement across difference in our story telling.