bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Łódzkie biblioteki publiczne
Authors: Antczak Mariola , Czapnik Grzegorz , Gruszka Zbigniew
Published: July 2024

Biblioteki publiczne są ważnym składnikiem sektora instytucji kultury, ponieważ oferują mieszkańcom nieodpłatny dostęp do wiedzy i zasobów informacyjnych. Ich działalność wpisuje się w szerszy, międzynarodowy kontekst, polegający na takiej organizacji sieci bibliotek, która umożliwi zaspokojenie informacyjnych, kulturalnych, edukacyjnych i rozrywkowych potrzeb użytkowników.
Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły wyłonić najważniejsze czynniki determinujące korzystanie z łódzkich bibliotek publicznych przez mieszkańców, można zaliczyć do nich zarówno czynniki inwestycyjne – zwiększenie liczby kupowanych książek, jak i organizacyjne – dostosowanie budynków do potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych, promocja, wspólna karta biblioteczna, centralny katalog. Wnioski i rekomendacje autorów publikacji znalazły odzwierciedlenie w realizowanej obecnie polityce władz miasta dotyczącej bibliotek.
Projekt badawczy, którego efektem jest prezentowana książka, miał na celu poznanie opinii mieszkańców na temat łódzkich bibliotek publicznych. Autorzy skupili się na najistotniejszych barierach powstrzymujących łodzian przed korzystaniem z bibliotek. Ustalili czynniki wpływające na decyzję respondentów dotyczącą zapisania się do tych placówek i wydajniejszego z nich korzystania. W publikacji przedstawiono uwarunkowania prawne i organizacyjne oraz zadania i funkcje stawiane przed polskimi bibliotekami publicznymi, zwrócono uwagę na środki budżetowe przeznaczane na działalność omawianych instytucji kultury z uwzględnieniem zarówno dotacji, jak i środków obywatelskich. Adresatami monografii są dyrektorzy i pracownicy bibliotek, władze samorządowe, a także studenci i wszyscy zainteresowani tematyką bibliotekarską.
MORPHOLOGICAL ERRORS IN TEACHING COMPOSITION AT AL-QODIRI ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL'S ARABIC LANGUAGE CENTER IN JEMBER
Authors: Maulana Bayu Wahyu , Irawan Bambang , Huda Mokhammad Miftakhul
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to analyze the forms of students' writing language errors in learning Arabic. The research method used qualitative research. The study was conducted at Arabic Language Center Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School In Jember. Research respondents were 25 students of grade Ibtida’. Data collection methods were interviews and observations. The interview method was used to find out the difficulties of Arabic learning in the writing aspect. The method of observation was used to see the directly learning process in Arabic learning activities. This study used qualitative data analysis techniques, namely content analysis of morphological errors encountered in insya' text resulting from student work. The results showed that writing errors were found in the form of morphological errors. Writing mistakes in the morphological included writing errors on mudzakar and muannas words, writing errors on madhi and mudhare fi'il. This morphological error occurs due to factors that include the lack of exercise and teachers' optimization in learning could cause students' understanding of Arabic rules were less.
HUMAN AS A SOCIAL CREATURE AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ISLAMIC EDUCATION
Authors: Mulyadana Vallen Aldio
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the nature of humans as social beings in the Islamic perspective and its implications for Islamic education. Humans are viewed as social beings who cannot live in isolation, as explained in the Quran and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). In the context of Islamic education, this understanding forms a strong foundation for designing curricula and teaching methods that align with human nature. Humans possess several essential values, including spirit, body, soul, heart, and intellect, all of which play crucial roles in human life and their relationship with their social environment. The implications of this view on Islamic education emphasize the need to build awareness of the importance of healthy social interactions, effective communication, and cooperation in building a just and prosperous society. Islamic education should also integrate religious values into every aspect of learning, including through a holistic approach that encompasses character formation and social skills. Furthermore, the article highlights the need for dialogue and critical reflection on contemporary social issues in the context of Islamic education. Thus, understanding the nature of humans as social beings and its implications for Islamic education is crucial in preparing morally upright Muslim generations capable of making positive contributions to an increasingly complex society. Through a holistic and contextual approach, Islamic education can play a significant role in shaping individuals who are competitive, empathetic, and responsible in facing the challenges of the times.
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT MODEL FOR RENEWAL OF ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS AND MADRASAH EDUCATION
Authors: Faradila Aulia
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the renewal of pesantren and madrasah education with a focus on a comparison of curriculum development models. There are four models discussed, namely the Rogers model, Ralph Tyler, Robert S. Zais, and the model of Muslim scholars consisting of al Ghazali, al Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Khaldun, and Ibn Rusydi. This article aims to discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and critical discussion of each of these curriculum development models. The research method used is literature study with descriptive and critical analysis techniques. The results of the analysis show that each model has advantages and disadvantages, as well as differences in the basic concepts of curriculum development. However, Ralph Tyler's model is considered the most consistent and flexibly applicable model. It is hoped that this article can provide a better understanding of the renewal of Islamic boarding schools and madrasah education through curriculum development, as well as provide guidance for future Islamic education curriculum development.
TEACHING VOCABULARY USING THE UNISONO SINGING METHOD TO STUDENTS AT MTS HIFZHIL QUR’AN ISLAMIC CENTER FOUNDATION NORTH SUMATRA
Authors: Rafiza Siti Nur , Lubis Zulfahmi
Published: July 2024

The unisono singing method is used in learning vocabulary to aid students in understanding new vocabulary by using rhythm and melody in music as reminders. This research aims to analyze the learning process and evaluation of learning at MTs Hifzhil Qur'an Islamic Center Foundation of North Sumatra by applying the unisono singing method with Arabic teachers. The research employs field research with a descriptive qualitative approach. It is very useful for delving deeper into the phenomenon under study, but it requires special attention to address subjectivity limitations and resource efficiency. Data collection techniques comprise observation, interviews, documentation. Data analysis involves collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation, then reducing it through selection, after reduction, the data is presented in narrative text and tables, verification and conclusions are drawn through triangulation techniques. The analysis tool used is manual coding. Data validity is through data triangulation. The research results indicate that learning vocabulary using the unisono singing method is highly effective. Based on the learning outcomes of Class IX-5 students, they showcased an improvement before and after implementing the singing method. The mid-semester average score was 76, while the final-semester average score was 88.2. It was concluded that learning vocabulary with the unisono singing method was highly beneficial. This method serves as an effective and enjoyable tool in the Arabic language learning process as it offers practical advantages like enhancing pronunciation, vocabulary retention, learning motivation. Consequently, it can contribute to the advancement of Arabic language teaching methods in the field of education.
ANALYSIS OF THE STUDENTS' AWARENESS LEVEL AT MTs AL-ITTIHADIYAH MEDAN REGARDING THE IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ARABIC IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Alawiyah Sofy , Al Rasyid Harun
Published: July 2024

This paper explains the analysis of the awareness level of ninth-grade students at MTs al-Ittihadiyah Medan regarding the importance of learning Arabic in the educational environment. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through direct observation and semi-structured interviews with ninth-grade students of MTs Al-Ittihadiyah Medan. The findings of this research are as follows. First, ninth-grade students are not interested in participating in Arabic language learning at school. Second, ninth-grade students at MTs Al-Ittihadiyah are less aware of the importance of Arabic language learning at school. By analyzing the awareness level of ninth-grade students at MTs al-Ittihadiyah Medan regarding the importance of learning Arabic, it will help teachers in building students' interest in learning Arabic not only from the aspect of material presentation or teaching methods but also by instilling awareness in students at the beginning of the lesson about the purpose and importance of learning Arabic in school.
IMPROVING ARABIC SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH LANGUAGE ART EXHIBITION
Authors: Yasin Agus , Rochmat Cecep Sobar , Syahida Sofia Putri , Safira Anastasya , Tazakka Shabrina
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the application of the Language Art Exhibition event at Modern Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Gontor for Girls First Campus and the effect of the Language Art Exhibition event on the speaking skills of grade 2. This type of research is quantitative research with a survey method at Modern Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Gontor for Girls First Campus. Researchers want to know the effect of Language Art Exhibition as variable X on Arabic speaking skills as variable Y. Based on the data generated, it can be concluded that this event has an effect on self-improvement and development as well as vocabulary development with its direct application and there is an influence on Language Art Exhibition (X) on Arabic speaking skills (Y) in grade 2 of Modern Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Gontor for Girls First Campus.
Petrology of granites of the Kozhim massif (Subpolar Urals)
Authors: Denisova Yu.
Published: July 2024

The paper presents the study results on granites of the Kozhim massif (the Subpolar Urals). The joint Kozhim massif earlier included the Kuzpuayu granite body. It lies to the north of the Kozhim massif. For this reason, many previously obtained conclusions were summarizing. The detailed study on rocks that included analyses of cuts, accessory and ore mineralization, petrogenic and rare elements was conducted in the Geoscience subdivision at the Institute of Geology, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This study helped to clarify and supplement the information about the granitogenesis of the considered massif. According to the obtained data, the granites under study are high-potassium high-alumina leucogranites of normal and moderate alkalinity with high content of orthoclase and the presence of plagioclase of two generations. The rocks were formed under intraplate and post-collision geodynamic conditions from crustal parent melts enriched with lanthanum and cerium. These melts are characterized by the dependence of potassium and titanium concentrations on changes in silica content.
Exploring Ways to Apply Meta Education to the Curriculum of High School Subject of Education
Authors: Yi Sangjun
Published: July 2024

In the meantime, despite the efforts of its members, it can be seen that the school has been subjected to unnecessary misunderstanding due to the problem of the wrong view of education that dominates the school. School is a living space where various aspects of life are mixed, so if a new theoretical perspective from which to view the school education taking place there is established, the curriculum operated in the school can be reviewed accordingly. This study sought to explore ways to apply meta-education to the 2022 revised curriculum of high school subject of education that will be implemented from 2025. By content area, meta-education application activities were composed of 12 sessions of the meaning and importance of education, 16 sessions of educational activities, 12 sessions of the educational system, 8 sessions of future education, and a total of 48 sessions. First, as future tasks, it is necessary to develop and practice teacher training or training programs that can operate meta-education curricula and activities. Second, it is necessary to carry out the meta-education curriculum and activities in actual school settings and review the results. Third, there is a need to develop measurement tools that can evaluate meta educationa curriculum and activities from an educational perspective. In order to spread a view of education that overcomes the perspective that equates the system and education, efforts will be needed to naturally root meta-education, which pursues the development of education itself, within the system.
Lighting a fire. A letter written by Tito Designori about bringing teaching back to management education
Authors: Zawadzki Michal , Lennerfors Thomas Taro
Published: July 2024

Here you will find an open letter written by Tito Designori, a Chief Education Officer of the management and engineering school Impulsia, informing the community of scholars about the abdication from his role. Recalling the times of pedagogical province Castalia, the life of its rector Joseph Knecht, Tito engages in a poetic account about the reinvention of Castalia into Impulsia - the School of Impact, a school that would be directly aimed at creating change in the world. Notwithstanding its name, he witnesses the decline of teaching in the school, its failure to educate students to take responsibility for the world, and its complicity in its crisis. He tells the story of two teachers using arts-based pedagogy in Impulsia, in an effort to light a fire in the students and connect their education to what really matters. Tito remains silent about whether the teachers’ efforts were successful, and somewhat surprisingly ends his accounts in the midst of the teachers’ careers. However, from his stories and analyses, he seems to imply that he finds some hope in their life stories that might bring teaching back to the school.
Gender Disparities in the Academic Performance of Neurology Residents in Portugal
Authors: Ladeira Filipa , Faustino Patrícia , Soares Mafalda , Carvalho Vanessa
Published: July 2024

Implicit bias has been linked to gender disparities in medical careers, impacting not only access to leadership positions but also early career opportunities. We aimed to evaluate if there were differences in the assessment of Neurology residents according to gender. We collected publicly available grades and rankings of two major evaluations that residents are submitted to, one at the beginning and another at the end of the neurology residency program, the National Board Exam and neurology examination, respectively. The National Board Examination is a multiple-choice gender-blinded evaluation, while the neurology examination is an oral gender-unblinded evaluation. We found that 36.5% of women and 21.6% of men were in the first quartile of the National Board Examination ranking, which reflects a similar representation among top classifications when assessed through a gender-blinded examination. On the other hand, the percentage of men who were in the top classification of NE, a gender-unblinded evaluation, was more than twice as high compared to women (37.8% vs 18.3%, p < 0.05). The findings of the present study may imply that there could be a disparity in women’s career progression among neurology residents in Portugal, although the recruitment seems balanced between genders.
Uma análise discursiva das charges de Henfil sobre o AI-5 no jornal O Pasquim
Authors: Pazinato Cássius Selvero
Published: July 2024

Este estudo propõe-se analisar o funcionamento discursivo das charges de Henfil, que foram produzidas no jornal da imprensa alternativa O Pasquim. Nosso gesto de interpretação nas charges em análise está diretamente relacionado às condições de produção do AI-5, momento de maior tensão do regime militar brasileiro, que se caracterizou pela perseguição e prisão de artistas. As noções de memória discursiva, condições de produção, equívoco, imagem, dentre outras, são mobilizadas por proporcionar uma maneira própria de entender o processo de vigência do AI-5 durante o período da ditadura militar brasileira e compreender como o discurso faz para sustentar o efeito humorístico. Selecionamos duas charges como objeto de análise que contemplam as seguintes temáticas do/sobre o AI-5: a perseguição e a prisão de artistas e intelectuais e a prática da tortura.
Uma proposta discursiva para a leitura de documentário no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Braos Ana Bibianne Boscov , Sarian Maristela Cury
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo dar visibilidade a uma atividade de língua portuguesa constitutiva de um material didático que visa à leitura e produção de documentários. Projetado para o nono ano do Ensino Fundamental, foi desenvolvido no âmbito do ProfLetras Unemat Cáceres, enquanto produto de uma Dissertação de Mestrado. Para este artigo, selecionamos uma das atividades elaboradas, em que propusemos a leitura do documentário Pro dia nascer feliz, de João Jardim (2005). Textualizada a partir do recorte de cenas, buscamos criar as condições para que os alunos compreendessem os diferentes efeitos de sentido produzidos pela composição das diferentes linguagens em funcionamento no filme, sobretudo, no que diz respeito ao processo de produção de sentidos de educação, escola, professor e aluno.
O artefato gráfico urbano “sinpapeles”
Authors: Nakagawa Regiane Miranda de Oliveira , Nakagawa Fábio Sadao
Published: July 2024

Este artigo discute o funcionamento do artefato gráfico urbano “sinpapeles” como texto cultural e símbolo mnemônico, tal como foram definidos pelo semioticista da cultura Iuri Lotman. Tal inscrição sígnica foi realizada como forma de protesto em vários equipamentos urbanos presentes nas regiões centrais das cidades de Barcelona (2018) e Madri (2019), e se reporta à condição de imigrantes que vivem em situação irregular. Pela correlação entre diferentes códigos e linguagens, dentre eles a escrita verbal e o gesto, tal símbolo adquire uma articulação paradoxal, que o permite operar como uma assinatura e nome de pessoas anônimas, bem como um registro efêmero. Dessa forma, constrói-se uma esfera de aparecimento para aqueles que vivem na condição de clandestinidade, da mesma forma que ocorre a redefinição do espaço semiótico da cidade.
Os jornais e a construção dos sentidos e representações da cidade
Authors: Moreira Miranice Moreira da
Published: July 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo discutir as possibilidades metodológicas do trato com os jornais no ofício historiográfico e as construções de sentidos e representações do que é noticiado. Essas reflexões são feitas a partir da análise de notícias sobre a micareta de Feira de Santana. A partir desse recorte, problematizo de que forma os jornais se apresentam também como construtores de sentidos para a cidade. O artigo foi dividido em duas partes, sendo a primeira uma reflexão sobre a forma e o conteúdo. Em seguida, discuto os jornais como agentes sociais e como isso problematizo como as coisas são ditas e que é silenciado, dentro de uma ação conjunta que imprime sentido a festa que a representa.
Evaluating the implementation of the development plan by public school principals in Jerash Governorate from the teachers’ point of view
Authors: Al Owaisi Ibrahim Faisal Hussein
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to identify the degree to which public school principals in Jerash Governorate implement the development plan from the point of view of teachers. The study population consists of all school teachers of the directorates of education in Jerash Governorate, numbering (3414), and to find out if there are statistically significant differences between the averages of the responses of the sample members. Study according to the variable (gender, academic qualification, and teaching experience). To achieve the goal of the research, a questionnaire was constructed consisting of (46) items, covering four areas. To answer the study questions, arithmetic means were calculated and multiple variance analysis was performed. The researcher reached a set of results, the most notable of which is that the degree of implementation of the development plan was high for all areas. The research showed the presence of Statistically significant differences at the significance level (P = 0.05) due to the variable (gender, educational qualification, and experience). Therefore, the researcher recommends developing professional plans to develop the work of school principals to contribute to developing school programs and improving the teaching environment.
Academic Achievement and Its Relationship with Social Adjustment Levels in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children
Authors: Al-Busaifi Abd Al-Salam Salem Masoud
Published: July 2024

The study aimed to identify the level of social adjustment among a number of children with special needs from the category of people with hearing impairment and its relationship to their educational attainment. The researcher used the descriptive analytical method for this, with a sample of (100) deaf and hard of hearing children attending a number of special education centers. The researcher also used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data and information. To achieve the objectives of this study, the researcher also used a number of statistical methods, including the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the reliability coefficient using the split-half method, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient. The results indicated that the level of social harmony among It was significant for deaf and hard of hearing children, and the results showed that there was a positive, direct correlation between the academic achievement scores of deaf and hard of hearing students and their degree of social adjustment. The results of this study also showed that there were statistically significant differences in the level of responses of the study sample members, which is attributed to the gender variable (males/females) on the social compatibility scale in favor of females.
Grammatical Evidence for the Present Tense in Sahih Al-Bukhari (a descriptive and analytical study)
Authors: AL- Kaladi Dr.Aref Abduh Salim
Published: July 2024

The research focused on evidence in Sahih al-Bukhari that deviates from the well-known rule in the grammar of the present tense verb. After identifying these texts that contain grammatical problems, the research explained the grammatical issue and then compared the problematic wording in the hadith to the wording of other hadiths that share the same meaning and the same chain of narration. The research concluded that this evidence is not the words of the Prophet Muhammad or his companions, as the narrators of the hadiths were more concerned with the meaning than the wording. However, the research supported Ibn Malik's approach of relying on these hadiths that deviate from the well-known grammatical rule, based on the views of contemporary linguists on the philosophy of language and its flexible nature. This is what Ibn Malik was pointing to when he went beyond normative grammar to descriptive grammar. The research also discussed some of the ideas of contemporary scholars on the subject of fundamentals of audio grammar and the use of the present tense verb rules. It recommended reconsidering its traditional rules, especially for verbs that include a vowel letter and verbs that are followed by the “Noon” letter, known as the five examples.
Disfuncionalidad familiar y sintomatología ansioso-depresiva en internos de un centro de rehabilitación para trastorno por consumo de sustancias en Lima
Authors: Alarco Herrera Rafael , Araujo Silva Kildery Bruno , Rojas Cama Luis Felipe
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la disfuncionalidad familiar y la presencia de sintomatología ansioso-depresiva en pacientes internados con trastorno por consumo de sustancias. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico y transversal en 57 pacientes varones de un centro de rehabilitación para trastornos por consumo de sustancias en Lima. Se recolectó información sociodemográfica y de consumo de sustancias; se aplicaron los cuestionarios APGAR-family, IDARE-R e IDERE-R para disfuncionalidad familiar y sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, respectivamente. La correlación entre los puntajes de las encuestas fue evaluada mediante la prueba de Spearman. Resultados: Los puntajes del APGAR-family tuvieron una correlación inversa no significativa tanto con el puntaje de IDARE-R (rho = –0,061; p = 0,654) como con el de IDERE-R (rho = –0,084; p = 0,533). Se obtuvo 24,6 ± 7,2 para disfuncionalidad familiar; 46 ± 6,9 para sintomatología depresiva; y 46,2 ± 5,4 para sintomatología ansiosa. El 80,7 % presentó funcionalidad normal; el 71,9 %, alto nivel de depresión; y el 63,2 %, alto nivel de ansiedad. El puntaje de sintomatología ansiosa era significativamente mayor en personas jóvenes respecto a los adultos. Se encontró correlación positiva (Rho = 0,599; p < 0,001) entre los puntajes de sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva. Conclusiones: No se encontró una relación significativa entre sintomatología ansioso-depresiva y el nivel de disfuncionalidad familiar. Se identificó, en cambio, en la muestra estudiada, una relación positiva entre los puntajes de sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, con un mayor grado de ansiedad en individuos jóvenes, similar a las mediciones de depresión, pero sin alcanzar niveles significativos en estas últimas.
Factores asociados a síntomas de trastorno por estrés postraumático postpandemia COVID-19 en estudiantes de Medicina
Authors: García-Borjas Cristina N. , Arce-Huamaní Miguel A.
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados a los síntomas de trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) postpandemia COVID-19 en estudiantes de Medicina de una universidad privada en Lima, 2023. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal que involucró a 193 estudiantes de Medicina mediante una encuesta basada en la web, con el cuestionario de Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (COVID-19-PTSD). Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados en la versión 25.0 del software estadístico SPSS, utilizando razones de prevalencia (RP) dentro de un intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95 %. Resultados: Entre los participantes, 129 (66,84 %) fueron mujeres con edad media de 29,66 ± 6,25 años. Ser trabajador de salud fue un factor individual asociado con TEPT (RP: 1,29; IC del 95 %: 1,05-1,58; p = 0,014). Factores familiares, tales como tener niños en casa (RP: 1,30; IC del 95 %: 1,09-1,54; p = 0,002), convivir con familiares durante la cuarentena (RP: 1,90; IC del 95 %: 1,55-2,33; p < 0,001) y convivir con una persona diagnosticada de COVID-19 (RP: 2,25; IC del 95 %: 1,78-2,83; p < 0,001) estuvieron, asimismo, asociados a sintomatología de TEPT. Por último, comprobaciones de varios diagnósticos previos de COVID-19 (RP: 1,77; IC del 95 %: 1,67-1,89; p < 0,001) y de hospitalizaciones debidas al mismo (RP: 2,32; IC del 95 %: 1,44-3,73; p < 0,001) fueron también variables pandémicas asociadas con sintomatología de TEPT en el grupo estudiado. Conclusiones: La salud mental de los estudiantes de Medicina se vio significativamente afectada durante la pandemia, situación que requiere un necesario y adecuado plan de apoyo psicológico en circunstancias similares futuras.
Efectos tóxicos del aluminio: una intoxicación silenciosa
Authors: Yucra Sevillano Sandra , Fuenzalida Valdivia Julio Alberto , Farfán Delgado Miguel Fernando , Terreros Abril Karlo Aurelio
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Describir, de acuerdo con normas establecidas por la literatura médica, las fuentes de ingesta de aluminio (Al3+), su proceso metabólico, sus efectos tóxicos y su relación con algunas enfermedades neurológicas. Materiales y métodos: Se efectuó una búsqueda no sistemática de literatura pertinente en PubMed, Elsevier, SciELO, Springer Link, Web of Science y Google Scholar. Resultados: Dentro de las fuentes de ingesta de aluminio se encontraron alimentos cocinados con papel aluminio, medicamentos o arcillas llamadas «chacco», de uso tradicional en la zona sur del Perú. Se estima que una persona promedio ingiere 3-5 mg de aluminio por día. Aproximadamente, el 40 % se retiene en el revestimiento intestinal o es secretado por los enterocitos hacia el sistema circulatorio, lo que eleva los niveles y permite que el Al3+ ingrese a diferentes órganos, como los huesos o el cerebro. Los efectos tóxicos ocurren como resultado de la interferencia con diferentes mecanismos biológicos y enzimáticos. Dentro de las enfermedades vinculadas a este proceso se citan Alzheimer, esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, enfermedad renal crónica, entre otras. Conclusiones: Niveles tóxicos de aluminio se han visto implicados en el desarrollo de enfermedades tanto neurodegenerativas como no degenerativas; y su capacidad para almacenarse de forma latente en diversos tejidos y órganos es considerada el principal mecanismo etiopatogénico.
Associação entre pré-eclâmpsia materna e o desenvolvimento de Transtorno do Espectro Autista na prole: menções e análise da literatura
Authors: Farias Ada Cordeiro de , Aragão Gislei Frota
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Examinar e revisar associações existentes entre pré-eclâmpsia (PE) e Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na prole. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sem delimitação temporal com artigos publicados até fevereiro de 2023. Foram utilizadas cinco bases de dados eletrônicas que resultaram em 16 artigos selecionados, após remoção de duplicatas ou de artigos que não se encaixaram nos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Dos estudos incluídos neste trabalho, quatro foram conduzidos na América do Norte, sete na Europa, quatro na Ásia e um na Oceania. Não tivemos entre os estudos selecionados nenhum realizado no continente africano. O tamanho da amostra dos estudos variou entre 823 a 4.489.044 participantes, resultando em uma amostra total de 13.954.012 indivíduos. À exceção do estudo conduzido no Japão, que demonstrou associação entre TEA e PE apenas quando esta estava sobreposta a outras doenças hipertensivas, todos os outros estudos mostraram associação de pré-eclâmpsia, seja ela analisada isoladamente ou em conjunto com outras doenças hipertensivas, com o TEA. Conclusão: Os estudos indicam consistentemente uma associação entre PE e TEA, com uma tendência no aumento da força desta associação quando o TEA é acompanhado de deficiência intelectual na criança e quando a gravidade da PE é mais elevada.
Food allergen sensitization patterns in psoriasis patients
Authors: Barilo A. A. , Smirnova S. V. , Sinyakov A. A.
Published: July 2024

Background. Psoriasis is a chronic relapsing systemic disease characterized by inflammation in the skin. Etiology of psoriasis remains elusive, since there are many factors triggering a pathological process in the skin. Data on the frequency of allergies in patients with psoriasis are extremely few and contain conflicting results in the literature, which determines the relevance of the study. Researchers described coexisting atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (PS), which does not exclude common causes and mechanisms leading to skin damage. Aim. To study and conduct a comparative analysis of food allergen sensitization patterns in patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Materials and methods. A prospective study included patients with psoriasis (group 1, n = 51) and atopic dermatitis (group 2, comparison group, n = 20) aged 18–57 years. A control group (group 3, n = 19) encompassed apparently healthy sex- and age-matched individuals. Specific allergy testing included allergy history and determination of sensitization patterns by analyzing serum concentrations of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) to food allergens using ELISA test systems (Alkor-Bio, Russia) on the Thermo Scientific Multiskan FC microplate photometer. The calculation and analysis of the obtained data were carried out using the Statistica 8.0 software package. Results. The concentration of total immunoglobulin E in the blood serum for PS patients was 57.9 [31.6; 135.1] IU / ml, for AD patients – 210.4 [56.2; 1,000.0] IU / ml, and for the control group – 45.1 [23.4; 144.0] IU / ml, respectively, р1, 2 = 0.005; р2,.3 = 0.001; р1, 3 = 0.4. Food allergen sensitization was determined significantly more often in the group of AD patients compared to the group of PS patients: 95.0 (n = 19) vs. 37.2% (n = 19), respectively, р1, 2 = 0.005. In the group of AD patients, sensitization to chicken eggs, tomatoes, and peanuts was found significantly more frequently than in the group of PS patients and in the control group. Sensitization to beef, buckwheat, and potatoes was significantly more common in the group of PS patients than in the controls. Conclusion. Following the study of the serum concentration of allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) to food allergens, we revealed food allergen sensitization not only for AD patients, but also for PS patients. However, in our study, sensitization patterns to the studied allergens have their own characteristics depending on the specific disease.
Precision medicine in oncology: role and prospects of mass spectrometry
Authors: Khmelevskaya E. S. , Perina E. A. , Buyko E. E. , Ufandeev A. A. , Kaidash O. A. , Ivanov V. V. , Baikov A. N. , Parochkina E. V. , Udut E. V.
Published: July 2024

The aim of this review was to analyze the accumulated data on the use of mass spectrometry in diagnosing, treating, and prognosing cancer from the perspective of precision medicine. Currently, universally accepted methods for early cancer diagnosis are not available, primarily due to low molecular specificity of pathological changes at early stages of cancer development. Additionally, the existing diagnostic modalities are notably limited in sensitivity. However, early detection is imperative for selection of the most suitable cancer treatment strategy and its successful implementation. In the realm of oncology, mass spectrometry approaches show great potential for advancement and utilization. Mass spectrometry is becoming an indispensable tool in basic and applied research due to its sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. It allows for efficient analysis of complex biological compounds, even at low concentrations. Moreover, contemporary mass spectrometry technology is capable of automating the analysis, thereby facilitating its diverse clinical applications in diagnosis, drug therapy selection, and even potential assistance to surgical oncologists in the operating room. Considering all these characteristics and advantages, mass spectrometry methods for the analysis of biological samples can be defined as some of the most promising and dynamically developing tools in precision medicine, as they are capable of providing clinically valuable information based on omics technologies, taking into account personal characteristics of the patient. Over the next decade, introduction of mass spectrometry-based methods into clinical practice based on the principles of precision medicine is expected to optimize selection of personalized treatment strategies for cancer patients and provide significant economic benefits by reducing morbidity, disability, and mortality.This comprehensive review presents the analysis of 65 scientific publications, highlighting the results of clinical and experimental studies utilizing mass spectrometry methods for diagnosing cancer, investigating the underlying mechanisms of disease development, and evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. The review encompasses original articles published from January 1, 2018 to November 30, 2023. The majority of studies back the potential of mass spectrometry as a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Broadening application of mass spectrometry techniques in the field of oncology holds significant promise and represents a relevant area for future research.
Restoring antibiotic sensitivity to lincomycin in compositions with nanosilver and humic substances
Authors: Zykova M. V. , Zhang Yun , Lysenko I. V. , Arutyunyan D. A. , Azarkina L. A. , Mikhalev D. A. , Belousov M. V. , Perminova I. V.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To study the effect of compositions with nanosilver and humic substances on restoration of sensitivity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to lincomycin. Materials and methods. Compositions of humic substances with silver nanoparticles were synthesized from commercial sodium humate Powhumus and silver nitrate in the presence of NaOH (1 M) to modulate alkaline pH. To synthesize one of the two compositions, sodium humate was modified with hydroquinone. To describe the characteristics of the resulting compositions, surface plasmon resonance spectra of silver nanoparticles and their images obtained by transmission electron microscopy were recorded. Sensitivity of a clinical strain of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with the addition of lincomycin and tetracycline to the compositions. Results. 100% conversion of ionic silver into metallic silver with a characteristic nanoparticle size of 6 nm was shown. The effects of tetracycline and lincomycin on the studied strain of Staphylococcus aureus were compared, and high sensitivity to tetracycline (MIC < 10 μg / ml) and resistance to lincomycin (MIC > 200 μg / ml) were shown. Studying the effect of the composition containing sodium humates with nanosilver with the introduction of lincomycin into it showed that this approach can significantly reduce MIC of lincomycin to 0.1 μg/ml in the presence of compositions with hydroquinone-modified sodium humate at a concentration of 40 μg / ml and compositions with unmodified sodium humate at a concentration of 60 μg / ml. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that the use of compositions with humic substances and nanosilver completely restores sensitivity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to lincomycin.
Results of UGT1A1 gene sequencing in individuals with the Gilbert syndrome phenotype
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Apartseva N. E. , Kashirina A. P. , Nemcova E. G. , Ivanova Ju. V. , Kruchinina M. V. , Kurilovich S. A. , Maksimov V. N.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of automated Sanger sequencing of the UGT1A1 gene to search for pathogenic mutations in individuals with the Gilbert syndrome phenotype. Materials and methods. Automated Sanger sequencing of exons and part of the promoter in the UGT1A1 gene was carried out for 24 people with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, in whom all other causes except for genetic ones were excluded and DNA analysis was performed to determine the number of TA repeats in the promoter of the UGT1A1 gene (rs3064744). Distribution of rs3064744 genotypes in the group was the following: 5 people – 7TA/7TA genotype, 5 people – 6TA/6TA genotype, 12 people – 6TA/7TA genotype, 1 person – 5TA/7TA genotype, 1 person – 6TA/8TA genotype. DNA was isolated using phenol – chloroform extraction or express methods. The sequencing was performed by capillary electrophoresis on the Hitachi 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA). Results. Single nucleotide variants of uncertain significance were identified: rs3755319 (in 21 people) and rs28899472 (in three people with the 7TA/7TA genotype of rs3064744) in the promoter of the UGT1A1 gene, rs2125984650 in the first exon of the UGT1A1 gene (in one person with the 5TA/7TA genotype of rs3064744). In two individuals with the 6TA/7TA genotype of rs3064744, gene variants were identified that were pathogenic or likely pathogenic for the Gilbert syndrome according to some sources (rs4148323, rs1273237448). Conclusion. According to the results of the study, automated Sanger sequencing of the UGT1A1 gene may be the next stage of DNA analysis after determining the rs3064744 genotype for individuals with 6TA/6TA, 6TA/7TA rs3064744 genotypes and suspected Gilbert syndrome.
External validation of a multivariate model for predicting the risk of death in patients with chronic heart failure and an implantable cardioverter – defibrillator
Authors: Lebedeva N. B. , Parfenov P. G. , Egle A. P. , Ivanov V. I. , Galintsev Yu. V. , Kashtalap V. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To perform external validation of a multivariate model for predicting the risk of death in patients with an implantable cardioverter – defibrillator (ICD) in an independent sample. Materials and methods. The group for model development included 260 patients from the Implantable Cardioverter – Defibrillator Patient Registry who had an ICD implanted between 2015 and 2019. External validation of the model was carried out in an independent, prospective, observational cohort study of patients from the same registry, in whom an ICD was implanted between 2020 and 2021, a total of 94 patients, median age 66 (52;73) years, 73 (77.6%) men, 21 (22.4%) women. In 89 (94.7%) patients, an ICD was implanted for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death. Following a telephone survey and examination of medical records from hospital and clinic databases, data on the vital status (alive / dead) and causes of death were obtained during a 2.5-year follow-up. The actual and predicted mortality from the estimated multivariate model were compared. Results. During the follow-up, a total of 26 (27.7%) patients died in the external validation group, which was comparable to the development group (p > 0.05). In the group of deceased, 15 (57.7%) people developed acute decompensated heart failure, 4 (14.8%) had myocardial infarction, 6 (23.1%) had pneumonia caused by a new coronavirus infection, and one (3.8%) patient died due to an infectious complication. The diagnostic accuracy of the multivariate model for predicting the risk of death in patients with ICD in an independent sample was sufficient (the area under the curve (AUC) of the created model was 0.8). The sensitivity of the model was 76.2%, specificity – 76.1%. Previously, in the development cohort, AUC of the created model was 0.8, the sensitivity of the model was 75.7%, and the specificity was 80%. Model significance did not differ significantly between the development and external validation groups (p = 0.102, McNeil test).Conclusion. The multivariate prediction model has sufficient statistical power to predict the risk of long-term death after ICD implantation, which was externally validated.
Quels défis au développement de la production porcine en agriculture biologique en France ?
Authors: MONTAGNE Lucile , ALIBERT Laurent , MD BONNEFONT Cécile , CHOISIS Jean-Philippe , DURPOIX Amandine , GILBERT Hélène , HARCHAOUI Souhil , LARZUL Catherine , LEBRET Benedicte , LOMBARD Sarah , MARTEL Gilles , MORAINE Marc , PICGIRARD Laurent , PUECH Thomas , FAURE Justine
Published: July 2024

La production porcine française en AB est très diversifiée de par ses élevages, notamment en termes de taille avec de nombreux ateliers à faibles effectifs ; de par la commercialisation des produits, avec une filière longue bien implantée dans le grand ouest de la France, et des filières courtes plus territorialisées ; et de par la multiplicité de ses acteurs spécifiques à l’AB ou mixtes. Bien que le nombre de truies certifiées en AB ait doublé entre 2016 et 2021, il ne représente que 1,9 % du cheptel français. Face à ce constat, une étude a été réalisée par le consortium ORIGAMI (INRAE-Métabio) pour comprendre les freins et leviers au développement de cette production. Des entretiens de 21 porteurs de projets ont permis d’identifier 164 freins et 231 leviers. Des analyses en composantes multiples suivies d’une classification ont mis en évidence sept types de freins et six types de leviers en fonction de leur niveau d’organisation (de l’animal au territoire) et du maillon de la filière qu’ils concernent (de l’agrofourniture à la consommation). L’interprétation de ces typologies permet d’identifier des thèmes de recherche pour relever les principaux défis identifiés. Ces thèmes concernent l’acquisition de références techniques spécifiques pour l’AB, la meilleure articulation entre filières et territoires, la promotion des débouchés des produits, mais aussi la formation des acteurs actuels et futurs et la communication auprès du grand public. Ces sujets sont des pistes de réflexion pour la construction de projets transdisciplinaires de recherche ou recherche-action avec les acteurs des filières.
Amantadine for Traumatic Brain Injury – Supporting Evidence and Mode of Action
Authors: Dekundy Andrzej , Pichler Gerald , El Badry Reda , Scheschonka Astrid , Danysz Wojciech
Published: July 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important global clinical issue, requiring not only prevention but also effective treatment. Following TBI, diverse parallel and intertwined pathological mechanisms affecting biochemical, neurochemical, and inflammatory pathways can have severe impact on the patient’s quality of life. The current review summarizes evidence for utility of amantadine in TBI in connection to its mechanism of action. Amantadine combining multiple mechanisms of action may offer both neuroprotective and neuroactivating effects in TBI patients. Indeed, use of amantadine in TBI has been encouraged by several clinical practice guidelines/recommendations. Amantadine is also available as infusion which may be of particular benefit in unconscious patients with TBI, due to immediate delivery to the central nervous system and the possibility of precise dosing. In other situations, orally administered amantadine may be used. There are several questions that remain to be addressed: Can amantadine be effective in disorders of consciousness requiring long-term treatment and in combination with drugs approved for treatment of TBI? Do the observed beneficial effects of amantadine extend to disorders of consciousness due to factors other than TBI? Well controlled clinical studies are warranted to ultimately confirm its utility in the TBI and provide answers these questions.