bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional Genomic Complexity Defines Intratumor Heterogeneity and Tumor Aggressiveness in Liver Cancer
Authors: Kwon So Mee , Budhu Anuradha , Woo Hyun Goo , Chaisaingmongkol Jittiporn , Dang Hien , Forgues Marshonna , Harris Curtis C. , Zhang Gao , Auslander Noam , Ruppin Eytan , Mahidol Chulabhorn , Ruchirawat Mathuros , Wang Xin Wei
Published: November 2019

Chronic inflammation and chromosome aneuploidy are major traits of primary liver cancer (PLC), which represent the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Increased cancer fitness and aggressiveness of PLC may be achieved by enhancing tumoral genomic complexity that alters tumor biology. Here, we developed a scoring method, namely functional genomic complexity (FGC), to determine the degree of molecular heterogeneity among 580 liver tumors with diverse ethnicities and etiologies by assessing integrated genomic and transcriptomic data. We found that tumors with higher FGC scores are associated with chromosome instability and TP53 mutations, and a worse prognosis, while tumors with lower FGC scores have elevated infiltrating lymphocytes and a better prognosis. These results indicate that FGC scores may serve as a surrogate to define genomic heterogeneity of PLC linked to chromosomal instability and evasion of immune surveillance. Our findings demonstrate an ability to define genomic heterogeneity and corresponding tumor biology of liver cancer based only on bulk genomic and transcriptomic data. Our data also provide a rationale for applying this approach to survey liver tumor immunity and to stratify patients for immune-based therapy.
The effect of Pap smear screening on cervical cancer stage among southern Thai women
Authors: Niu Li , Virani Shama , Bilheem Surichai , Sriplung Hutcha
Published: November 2019

Our study aimed to investigate the effect of Pap smear screening on stage at diagnosis of cervical cancer in a heterogeneous population of Thai women. Data was merged from the population-based cancer registry and screening registry based on unique identification numbers from 2006 to 2014. Patients being screened had lower odds to be diagnosed at late stage. After adjustment, married women had reduced risk of late stage cancer compared to single women. Muslim women had almost twice the risk of being diagnosed late stage compared to Buddhist women. The odds of being diagnosed at late stage decreased with increased number of screening. The probability of being diagnosed at late stage increased rapidly among females aged 40 to 55 years. Pap smear screening is a protective factor in diagnosis of late stage cervical cancer. Patients were more likely to be diagnosed at early stage with more frequent screening. For future screening programs, it will be beneficial to shorten screening intervals and take more concern for vulnerable population: women aged between 40 and 55 years, and women who are single or Muslim.
Transcriptome profiling reveals exposure to predicted end-of-century ocean acidification as a stealth stressor for Atlantic cod larvae
Authors: Mittermayer F. H. , Stiasny M. H. , Clemmesen C. , Bayer T. , Puvanendran V. , Chierici M. , Jentoft S. , Reusch T. B. H.
Published: November 2019

Ocean acidification (OA), a direct consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2concentration dissolving in ocean waters, is impacting many fish species. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed physiological impacts in fish. We used RNAseq to characterize the transcriptome of 3 different larval stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) exposed to simulated OA at levels (1179 µatm CO2) representing end-of-century predictions compared to controls (503 µatm CO2), which were shown to induce tissue damage and elevated mortality inG. morhua. Only few genes were differentially expressed in 6 and 13 days-post-hatching (dph) (3 and 16 genes, respectively), during a period when maximal mortality as a response to elevatedpCO2occurred. At 36 dph, 1413 genes were differentially expressed, most likely caused by developmental asynchrony between the treatment groups, with individuals under OA growing faster. A target gene analysis revealed only few genes of the universal and well-defined cellular stress response to be differentially expressed. We thus suggest that predicted ocean acidification levels constitute a “stealth stress” for early Atlantic cod larvae, with a rapid breakdown of cellular homeostasis leading to organismal death that was missed even with an 8-fold replication implemented in this study.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression Profiles of Long Non-Coding RNAs with Associated ceRNA Network Involved in the Colon Cancer Staging and Progression
Authors: Wu Meini , Li Wenliang , Huang Fengchang , Sun Jing , Li Kang ping , Shi Jiandong , Yang Jingyu , Li Jianfang , Li Yanhan , Hu Ningzhu , Hu YunZhang
Published: November 2019

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to compete with microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer occurrence and development. However, the differential expression of RNAs and their ceRNA network during the development of colon cancer (CC) remains unclear. This study was aimed at comprehensive analysis of the lncRNAs and their ceRNA networks associated with CC. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on colorectal and adjacent normal tissues at different pathological stages. Forty-nine lncRNAs were differently expressed between the CC tissues and their adjacent normal tissues at all stages. Aberrant expression of lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1 and lncRNA MIR4435-2HG was confirmed by TCGA database. Moreover, 14 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between early and advance stages of the tumor tissues, and 117 miRNAs were specifically expressed in stage III & IV. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of 17105 differently expressed mRNAs revealed that the mRNAs shown in module pink, midnight blue, black, and light cyan were related to TNM and pathological stage, and that these mRNAs were enriched in cancer related functions and pathways. As DElncRNA showed a trend of change similar to that of the DEmRNA and opposite to that of DEmiRNA, ceRNA network was constructed with 3 DEmiRNAs, 5 DElncRNAs, and 130 DEmRNAs. Real time PCR revealed that expression of MEG3 was decreased in the tumor tissues belonging to stage III and IV as compared to that in stage I. Moreover, hsa-miR-324-5p was upregulated, while FGFR3, PLCB4, and IKBKB were downregulated in the tumor tissues as compared to that in the adjacent normal tissues. Thus, this study revealed differentially expressed lncRNA between different stages of CC as well as suggested that lncRNA CDKN2B-AS1, MIR4435-2HG, and MEG3 may act as diagnostic biomarkers for the development of CC.
Functional analysis of SlNCED1 in pistil development and fruit set in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Kai Wenbin , Fu Ying , Wang Juan , Liang Bin , Li Qian , Leng Ping
Published: November 2019

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important regulator of many plant developmental processes, although its regulation in the pistil during anthesis is unclear. We investigated the role of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (SlNCED1), a key ABA biosynthesis enzyme, through overexpression and transcriptome analysis in the tomato pistil. During pistil development, ABA accumulates andSlNCED1expression increases continually, peaking one day before full bloom, when the maximum amount of ethylene is released in the pistil. ABA accumulation andSlNCED1expression in the ovary remained high for three days before and after full bloom, but then both declined rapidly four days after full bloom following senescence and petal abscission and expansion of the young fruits. Overexpression ofSlNCED1significantly increased ABA levels and also up-regulatedSlPP2C5expression, which reduced ABA signaling activity. Overexpression ofSlNCED1caused up-regulation of pistil-specific Zinc finger transcription factor genes SlC3H29, SlC3H66, and SlC3HC4, which may have affected the expression ofSlNCED1-mediated pistil development-related genes, causing major changes in ovary development. Increased ABA levels are due toSlNCED1overexpresson which caused a hormonal imbalance resulting in the growth of parthenocarpic fruit. Our results indicate thatSlNCED1plays a crucial role in the regulation of ovary/pistil development and fruit set.
Association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I measured at emergency department and complications of emergency coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Park Jungchan , Lee Seung-Hwa , Min Jeong Jin , Lee Jong-Hwan , Kwon Ji Hye , Lee Ja Eun , Choi Jin-Ho , Lee Young Tak , Kim Wook Sung , Park Myungsoo , Jang Ji Su , Lee Sangmin Maria
Published: November 2019

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is a widely used biomarker to identify ischemic chest pain in the Emergency Department (ED), but the clinical impact on emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (eCABG) remains undetermined. We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of hs-cTnI measured at the ED by comparing outcomes of eCABG in patients with non–ST-segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) which comprises unstable angina (UA) and non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). From January 2012 to March 2016, 242 patients undergoing eCABG were grouped according to serum hs-cTnI level in the ED. The primary endpoint was major cardiovascular cerebral event (MACCE) defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke. The incidence of each MACCE composite, in addition to postoperative complications such as acute kidney injury, reoperation, atrial fibrillation, and hospital stay duration were also compared. Patients were divided into two groups: UA [<0.04 ng/mL, n = 102] and NSTEMI [≥0.04 ng/mL, n = 140]. The incidence of MACCE did not differ between the two groups. Postoperative acute kidney injury was more frequent in the NSTEMI group after adjusting for confounding factors (6.9% vs. 23.6%; odds ratio, 2.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–6.99; p-value = 0.032). In-hospital stay was also longer in the NSTEMI group (9.0 days vs. 15.4 days, p-value = 0.008). ECABG for UA and NSTEMI patients showed comparable outcomes, but hs-cTnI elevation at the ED may be associated with immediate postoperative complications.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura increased risk of subsequent pancreatitis: A Nationwide population cohort study
Authors: Wu Shih-Chi , Lin Sheng-fung , Fang Chu-Wen , Tsai I-Ju , Yang Wen-Chi
Published: November 2019

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by thrombocytopenia and bleeding diathesis. Pancreatitis is a very rare complication but may be fatal. We analyzed data of newly diagnosed ITP patients, excluding those with a history of splenectomy, unknown sex or date of birth, or preexisting pancreatitis at the time of ITP diagnosis, and compared these with selected age-, gender-, and index-year-matched controls, using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 1996 to 2013. The study enrolled 100,177 ITP patients and 100,177 controls. We found that pancreatitis risk was higher in secondary ITP patients, regardless of age group, gender, baseline Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score, history of biliary stone, hyperlipidemia, or alcoholism, than in the control population. Primary ITP patients with CCI score 1 and without biliary tract stone history also showed a higher pancreatitis risk than the controls. The incidence rate and cumulative incidence of pancreatitis were increased in primary, secondary, and unspecified ITP cases. These phenomena may be related to the presence of autoantibodies against glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, or to IgG4, microparticle obstruction, or sclerosis. We noted a direct association between ITP and the development of pancreatitis in Taiwan population.
RBV: Read balance validator, a tool for prioritising copy number variations in germline conditions
Authors: Whitford Whitney , Lehnert Klaus , Snell Russell G. , Jacobsen Jessie C.
Published: November 2019

The popularisation and decreased cost of genome resequencing has resulted in an increased use in molecular diagnostics. While there are a number of established and high quality bioinfomatic tools for identifying small genetic variants including single nucleotide variants and indels, currently there is no established standard for the detection of copy number variants (CNVs) from sequence data. The requirement for CNV detection from high throughput sequencing has resulted in the development of a large number of software packages. These tools typically utilise the sequence data characteristics: read depth, split reads, read pairs, and assembly-based techniques. However, the additional source of information from read balance (defined as relative proportion of reads of each allele at each position) has been underutilised in the existing applications. Here we present Read Balance Validator (RBV), a bioinformatic tool that uses read balance for prioritisation and validation of putative CNVs. The software simultaneously interrogates nominated regions for the presence of deletions or multiplications, and can differentiate larger CNVs from diploid regions. Additionally, the utility of RBV to test for inheritance of CNVs is demonstrated in this report. RBV is a CNV validation and prioritisation bioinformatic tool for both genome and exome sequencing available as a python package from https://github.com/whitneywhitford/RBV.
Unconventional secretion of α-Crystallin B requires the Autophagic pathway and is controlled by phosphorylation of its serine 59 residue
Authors: D’Agostino M. , Scerra G. , Cannata Serio M. , Caporaso M. G. , Bonatti S. , Renna M.
Published: November 2019

α-Crystallin B (CRYAB or HspB5) is a chaperone member of the small heat-shock protein family that prevents aggregation of many cytosolic client proteins by means of its ATP-independent holdase activity. Surprisingly, several reports show that CRYAB exerts a protective role also extracellularly, and it has been recently demonstrated that CRYAB is secreted from human retinal pigment epithelial cells by an unconventional secretion pathway that involves multi-vesicular bodies. Here we show that autophagy is crucial for this unconventional secretion pathway and that phosphorylation at serine 59 residue regulates CRYAB secretion by inhibiting its recruitment to the autophagosomes. In addition, we found that autophagosomes containing CRYAB are not able to fuse with lysosomes. Therefore, CRYAB is capable to highjack and divert autophagosomes toward the exocytic pathway, inhibiting their canonical route leading to the lysosomal compartment. Potential implications of these findings in the context of disease-associated mutant proteins turn-over are discussed.
Non-Hermitian fractional quantum Hall states
Authors: Yoshida Tsuneya , Kudo Koji , Hatsugai Yasuhiro
Published: November 2019

We demonstrate the emergence of a topological ordered phase for non-Hermitian systems. Specifically, we elucidate that systems with non-Hermitian two-body interactions show a fractional quantum Hall (FQH) state. The non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is considered to be relevant to cold atoms with dissipation. We conclude the emergence of the non-Hermitian FQH state by the presence of the topological degeneracy and by the many-body Chern number for the ground state multiplet showing Ctot = 1. The robust topological degeneracy against non-Hermiticity arises from the manybody translational symmetry. Furthermore, we discover that the FQH state emerges without any repulsive interactions, which is attributed to a phenomenon reminiscent of the continuous quantum Zeno effect.
A polarization-independent blue phase liquid crystal on silicon with low operation voltage
Authors: Sun Changli , Lu Jiangang
Published: November 2019

A polarization-independent blue phase liquid crystal on silicon (BPLCoS) device with low operation voltage for 2π phase depth is demonstrated. With optimized reflection structure and two reflection films, the incident light may experience multifold optical path and 2π phase depth can be obtained. For the polarization-independence, an inclined electric field made by periodical gradient voltage is applied on the blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) to match the light propagation direction. With the structure, the operation voltage can be lowered to 5.5 V in simulation and 5.9 V in experiment for 2π phase modulation at 1550 nm. The proposed device shows great potential for communication and imaging systems.
Co-stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α induces an inflammatory reactive astrocyte phenotype with neurosupportive characteristics in a human pluripotent stem cell model system
Authors: Hyvärinen Tanja , Hagman Sanna , Ristola Mervi , Sukki Lassi , Veijula Katariina , Kreutzer Joose , Kallio Pasi , Narkilahti Susanna
Published: November 2019

Astrocyte reactivation has been discovered to be an important contributor to several neurological diseases. In vitro models involving human astrocytes have the potential to reveal disease-specific mechanisms of these cells and to advance research on neuropathological conditions. Here, we induced a reactive phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocytes and studied the inflammatory natures and effects of these cells on human neurons. Astrocytes responded to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) treatment with a typical transition to polygonal morphology and a shift to an inflammatory phenotype characterized by altered gene and protein expression profiles. Astrocyte-secreted factors did not exert neurotoxic effects, whereas they transiently promoted the functional activity of neurons. Importantly, we engineered a novel microfluidic platform designed for investigating interactions between neuronal axons and reactive astrocytes that also enables the implementation of a controlled inflammatory environment. In this platform, selective stimulation of astrocytes resulted in an inflammatory niche that sustained axonal growth, further suggesting that treatment induces a reactive astrocyte phenotype with neurosupportive characteristics. Our findings show that hiPSC-derived astrocytes are suitable for modeling astrogliosis, and the developed in vitro platform provides promising novel tools for studying neuron-astrocyte crosstalk and human brain disease in a dish.
Sucrose intake lowers μ-opioid and dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in porcine brain
Authors: Winterdahl Michael , Noer Ove , Orlowski Dariusz , Schacht Anna C. , Jakobsen Steen , Alstrup Aage K. O. , Gjedde Albert , Landau Anne M.
Published: November 2019

Excessive sucrose consumption elicits addiction-like craving that may underpin the obesity epidemic. Opioids and dopamine mediate the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse, and of natural rewards from stimuli such as palatable food. We investigated the effects of sucrose using PET imaging with [11C]carfentanil (μ-opioid receptor agonist) and [11C]raclopride (dopamine D2/3 receptor antagonist) in seven female anesthetized Göttingen minipigs. We then gave minipigs access to sucrose solution for one hour on 12 consecutive days and performed imaging again 24 hours after the final sucrose access. In a smaller sample of five minipigs, we performed an additional [11C]carfentanil PET session after the first sucrose exposure. We calculated voxel-wise binding potentials (BPND) using the cerebellum as a region of non-displaceable binding, analyzed differences with statistical non-parametric mapping, and performed a regional analysis. After 12 days of sucrose access, BPND of both tracers had declined significantly in striatum, nucleus accumbens, thalamus, amygdala, cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex, consistent with down-regulation of receptor densities. After a single exposure to sucrose, we found decreased binding of [11C]carfentanil in nucleus accumbens and cingulate cortex, consistent with opioid release. The lower availability of opioid and dopamine receptors may explain the addictive potential associated with intake of sucrose.
An Evaluation of the Results of the Steroid and Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Treatments in Subacute Thyroiditis in relation to Persistent Hypothyroidism and Recurrence
Authors: Sencar Muhammed Erkam , Calapkulu Murat , Sakiz Davut , Hepsen Sema , Kus Arif , Akhanli Pinar , Unsal Ilknur Ozturk , Kizilgul Muhammed , Ucan Bekir , Ozbek Mustafa , Cakal Erman
Published: November 2019

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory thyroid disease. The main purpose of the treatment is to relieve pain and control the inflammatory process. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in SAT. Initial laboratory data, treatment response, and long-term results of 295 SAT patients treated with ibuprofen or methylprednisolone were evaluated. After the exclusion of 78 patients, evaluation was made of 126 patients treated with 1800 mg ibuprofen and 91 patients treated with 48 mg methylprednisolone. In 59.5% of 126 patients treated with ibuprofen, there was no adequate clinical response at the first control visit. In 54% of patients, the treatment was changed to steroids in mean 9.5 days. Symptomatic remission was achieved within two weeks in all patients treated with methylprednisolone. The total recurrence rate was 19.8%, and recurrences were observed more frequently in patients receiving only steroid therapy than in patients treated with NSAID only (23% vs. 10.5% p:0.04). Persistent hypothyroidism developed in 22.8% of patients treated only with ibuprofen and in 6.6% of patients treated with methylprednisolone only. Treatment with only ibuprofen (p:0.039) and positive thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) (p:0.029) were determined as the main risk factors for permanent hypothyroidism. NSAID treatment is not as effective as steroid treatment in early clinical remission. Steroid treatment was detected as a protective factor against permanent hypothyroidism. Therefore, steroid therapy may be considered especially in anti-TPO positive SAT patients and patients with high-level acute phase reactants.
Thermosensitive PBP2a requires extracellular folding factors PrsA and HtrA1 for Staphylococcus aureus MRSA β-lactam resistance
Authors: Roch Mélanie , Lelong Emmanuelle , Panasenko Olesya O. , Sierra Roberto , Renzoni Adriana , Kelley William L.
Published: November 2019

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen and represents a clinical challenge because of widespread antibiotic resistance. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is particularly problematic and originates by the horizontal acquisition of mecA encoding PBP2a, an extracellular membrane anchored transpeptidase, which confers resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by allosteric gating of its active site channel. Herein, we show that dual disruption of PrsA, a lipoprotein chaperone displaying anti-aggregation activity, together with HtrA1, a membrane anchored chaperone/serine protease, resulted in severe and synergistic attenuation of PBP2a folding that restores sensitivity to β-lactams such as oxacillin. Purified PBP2a has a pronounced unfolding transition initiating at physiological temperatures that leads to irreversible precipitation and complete loss of activity. The concordance of genetic and biochemical data highlights the necessity for extracellular protein folding factors governing MRSA β-lactam resistance. Targeting the PBP2a folding pathway represents a particularly attractive adjuvant strategy to combat antibiotic resistance.
Bioengineering a pre-vascularized pouch for subsequent islet transplantation using VEGF-loaded polylactide capsules
Authors: Kasoju Naresh , Pátíková Alžběta , Wawrzynska Edyta , Vojtíšková Alžběta , Sedlačík Tomáš , Kumorek Marta , Pop-Georgievski Ognen , Sticová Eva , Kříž Jan , Kubies Dana
Published: November 2019

The effectiveness of cell transplantation can be improved by optimization of the transplantation site.
Insight into the impact of Al distribution on the catalytic performance of 1-octene aromatization over ZSM-5 zeolite
Authors: Zhang Liwei , Zhang Huaike , Chen Zhiqiang , Ning Qiang , Liu Suyao , Ren Jie , Wen Xiaodong , Li Yong-Wang
Published: November 2019

To correlate the relationship between the Al distribution and the catalytic performance of long-chain olefin aromatization, several ZSM-5 zeolites with different Al locations and proximities were prepared via adjusting the hydrothermal synthesis conditions.
A rhodamine based biocompatible chemosensor for Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions: extraordinary fluorescence enhancement and a precursor for future chemosensors
Authors: Roy Ankita , Das Soumi , Sacher Sukriti , Mandal Sushil Kumar , Roy Partha
Published: November 2019

The fluorescence intensity of a biocompatible and highly sensitive rhodamine derivative increases by several hundred fold in the presence of Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions.
Water and oxoanion encapsulation chemistry in a 1H-pyrazole azacryptand
Authors: Pitarch-Jarque Javier , Rissanen Kari , García-Granda Santiago , Lopera Alberto , Clares M. Paz , García-España Enrique , Blasco Salvador
Published: November 2019

Cryptand containing pyrazole spacers displays a very rich host–guest chemistry towards oxoanions.
Systematic characterisation of the structure and radical scavenging potency of Pu'Er tea () polyphenol theaflavin
Authors: Vu Huyen Trang , Song Fu V. , Tian Kun V. , Su Haibin , Chass Gregory A.
Published: November 2019

Resolving the functional 3D structural poses of Pu'Er tea antioxidant theaflavin.
Europium doping effect on 3D flower-like SnO2 nanostructures: morphological changes, photocatalytic performance and fluorescence detection of heavy metal ion contamination in drinking water
Authors: Kaur Harsimranjot , Bhatti Harbhajan Singh , Singh Karamjit
Published: November 2019

Pure and Eu-doped (1, 3, 5, 7 & 10 mol%) SnO2 nanostructures have been successfully synthesized by a facile and simple hydrothermal method.
First-principles study of vanadium carbides as electrocatalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Wan Jing , Wang Congcong , Tang Qian , Gu Xiao , He Mingquan
Published: November 2019

The origin of excellent performance of vanadium carbides (VC and V8V7) in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) is revealed by first-principles calculations. It is found that the underlying mechanisms in HER/OER processes are Pt-like.
Effects of NaCl treatment on the performance and environmental stability of microporous SiO2-based thin film transistors
Authors: Dou Wei , Tan Yuanyuan
Published: November 2019

In this letter, we report the effects of NaCl treatment on the performance and environmental stability of microporous SiO2-based thin film transistors (TFTs).
Translating local binding energy to a device effective one
Authors: Liraz Dan , Cheng Pei , Yang Yang , Tessler Nir
Published: November 2019

While nonfullerene acceptors based organic photovoltaics reaching high power conversion efficiency, their binding energy is 150–500 meV. Here there is a model considering disorder and entropy that able to quantitatively explain this controversy.
Quantitative investigation of negative membrane curvature sensing and generation by I-BARs in filopodia of living cells
Authors: Breuer Artù , Lauritsen Line , Bertseva Elena , Vonkova Ivana , Stamou Dimitrios
Published: November 2019

We analyze diffraction-limited filopodia of living cells to quantify negative curvature sensing and generation for two prototypic I-BAR domains.
Nitrogen-doped graphdiyne nanowall stabilized dendrite-free lithium metal anodes
Authors: Jiang Tao , Chen Ke , Wang Jingjing , Hu Zhongli , Wang Gulian , Chen Xu-Dong , Sun Pengfei , Zhang Qiaobao , Yan Chenglin , Zhang Li
Published: November 2019

Nitrogen-doped graphdiyne nanowall-modified Cu foam is prepared as a highly lithiophilic host to achieve high-rate dendrite-free Li plating with high areal capacities.
High-performance electron-doped GeMnTe2: hierarchical structure and low thermal conductivity
Authors: Dong Jinfeng , Pei Jun , Zhuang Hua-Lu , Hu Haihua , Cai Bowen , Li Jing-Feng
Published: November 2019

All scale hierarchical structure induced low thermal conductivity promises high thermoelectric performance of electron doped GeMnTe2.
New design of adaptive Gabor wavelet filter bank for medical image retrieval
Authors: Samantaray Aswini K. , Rahulkar Amol D.
Published: November 2019

Gabor wavelet is widely used in the analysis of texture feature. This study presents a novel feature descriptor based on the design of adaptive Gabor wavelet filter‐bank for medical image retrieval. The design of proposed Gabor wavelet provides flexibility to extract the dominant directional features from medical images. First, peaks in the spectrum of medical image are analysed to determine the dominant directions present in the image. With these dominant directions, a bank of Gabor‐filters is designed to extract the directional features effectively. Next, feature vector is derived by computing the energy and standard deviation from the Gabor filtered coefficients at a particular scale and orientation. The use of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is suggested to measure the similarity between the feature vectors of heterogeneous medical images. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on three different publicly available databases namely NEMA, OASIS and EXACT09. The performance in terms of average retrieval precision (ARP), average retrieval rate (ARR) and computational time are compared with well‐known existing methods. It is observed from experimental results that the proposed approach achieved ARP of 85.32, 85.24 and 77% and ARR of 31.33, 14.05 and 23.78% for NEMA, OASIS and EXACT09 databases respectively.
Polarimetric imaging mode of VLT/SPHERE/IRDIS
Authors: van Holstein R. G. , Girard J. H. , de Boer J. , Snik F. , Milli J. , Stam D. M. , Ginski C. , Mouillet D. , Wahhaj Z. , Schmid H. M. , Keller C. U. , Langlois M. , Dohlen K. , Vigan A. , Pohl A. , Carbillet M. , Fantinel D. , Maurel D. , Origné A. , Petit C. , Ramos J. , Rigal F. , Sevin A. , Boccaletti A. , Le Coroller H. , Dominik C. , Henning T. , Lagadec E. , Ménard F. , Turatto M. , Udry S. , Chauvin G. , Feldt M. , Beuzit J.-L.
Published: November 2019

Context. Circumstellar disks and self-luminous giant exoplanets or companion brown dwarfs can be characterized through direct-imaging polarimetry at near-infrared wavelengths. SPHERE/IRDIS at the Very Large Telescope has the capabilities to perform such measurements, but uncalibrated instrumental polarization effects limit the attainable polarimetric accuracy.

Aims. We aim to characterize and correct the instrumental polarization effects of the complete optical system, that is, the telescope and SPHERE/IRDIS.

Methods. We created a detailed Mueller matrix model in the broadband filters Y, J, H, and Ks and calibrated the model using measurements with SPHERE’s internal light source and observations of two unpolarized stars. We developed a data-reduction method that uses the model to correct for the instrumental polarization effects, and applied it to observations of the circumstellar disk of T Cha.

Results. The instrumental polarization is almost exclusively produced by the telescope and SPHERE’s first mirror and varies with telescope altitude angle. The crosstalk primarily originates from the image derotator (K-mirror). At some orientations, the derotator causes severe loss of signal (> 90% loss in the H- and Ks-band) and strongly offsets the angle of linear polarization. With our correction method we reach, in all filters, a total polarimetric accuracy of ≲0.1% in the degree of linear polarization and an accuracy of a few degrees in angle of linear polarization.

Conclusions. The correction method enables us to accurately measure the polarized intensity and angle of linear polarization of circumstellar disks, and is a vital tool for detecting spatially unresolved (inner) disks and measuring the polarization of substellar companions. We have incorporated the correction method in a highly-automated end-to-end data-reduction pipeline called IRDAP, which we made publicly available online.
A CO molecular gas wind 340 pc away from the Seyfert 2 nucleus in ESO 420-G13 probes an elusive radio jet
Authors: Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , Dasyra K. M. , Hatziminaoglou E. , Malkan M. A. , Pereira-Santaella M. , Papachristou M. , Spinoglio L. , Combes F. , Aalto S. , Nagar N. , Imanishi M. , Andreani P. , Ricci C. , Slater R.
Published: November 2019

A prominent jet-driven outflow of CO(2–1) molecular gas is found along the kinematic minor axis of the Seyfert 2 galaxy ESO 420-G13, at a distance of 340–600 pc from the nucleus. The wind morphology resembles the characteristic funnel shape, formed by a highly collimated filamentary emission at the base, and likely traces the jet propagation through a tenuous medium, until a bifurcation point at 440 pc. Here the jet hits a dense molecular core and shatters, dispersing the molecular gas into several clumps and filaments within the expansion cone. We also trace the jet in ionised gas within the inner ≲340 pc using the [Ne II]12.8 μm line emission, where the molecular gas follows a circular rotation pattern. The wind outflow carries a mass of ∼8 × 106 M⊙ at an average wind projected speed of ∼160 km s−1, which implies a mass outflow rate of ∼14 M⊙ yr−1. Based on the structure of the outflow and the budget of energy and momentum, we discard radiation pressure from the active nucleus, star formation, and supernovae as possible launching mechanisms. ESO 420-G13 is the second case after NGC 1377 where a previously unknown jet is revealed through its interaction with the interstellar medium, suggesting that unknown jets in feeble radio nuclei might be more common than expected. Two possible jet-cloud configurations are discussed to explain an outflow at this distance from the AGN. The outflowing gas will likely not escape, thus a delay in the star formation rather than quenching is expected from this interaction, while the feedback effect would be confined within the central few hundred parsecs of the galaxy.
Effect of Frequency on Droplet Characteristics in Ultrasonic Atomization Process
Authors: Sugondo Amelia , Sutrisno  , Anggono Willyanto , Anne Olga
Published: November 2019

The study of ultrasonic atomization is one of the important factors for fuel spray process in the diesel engine combustion chamber. The droplet characteristics are influenced by liquid properties and vibration frequency. In this study, the phenomenon of droplet formation and droplet size were studied at different frequencies of the ultrasonic atomization processes for water liquid. The ultrasonic atomizer was used for the atomization process to generate droplets. CFD- 2D with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model was used to study the process of droplet size and droplet formation at different frequencies. Water with constant film thickness and bending vibration at constant vibration amplitude were used in this model. The variation of vibration frequencies is applied from 50 kHz to 200 kHz with 50 kHz increment. The results showed that the number of droplets and the area of droplet formation increases with the increases in the vibration frequency. Effect of vibration frequency to the size of the droplet, time for droplet formation, velocity, and several droplets is more significant at vibration frequency 50 kHz to 100 kHz than vibration frequency from 100 kHz to 200 kHz.
Drivers and Barriers of Mobile Phone Remanufacturing Business in Indonesia: Perspectives of Retailers
Authors: Wahjudi Didik , Gan Shu-san , Tanoto Yopi Yusuf , Winata Jerry , Tjahjono Benny
Published: November 2019

Remanufacturing is deemed to be effective in reducing WEEE. Existing studies on remanufacturing mostly focus on operational issues, product acquisition, and pricing. However, some doubts about remanufacturing business arise in developing countries, where there is less regulation on remanufacturing and less environmental awareness. This study aims to investigate the prospects of remanufacturing business from the retailers' perspectives through in-depth interviews on three retailers in Surabaya, Indonesia. The main drivers for mobile phone remanufacturing business are its affordable and competitive price, big demand for popular mobile phones and high-end mobile phone, the opportunity for specification upgrade, and its suitability with the needs of Indonesian people. The main barriers for remanufacturing business are the possibility for cannibalizing new mobile phones' market share, the uncertainty of core supply, discontinuity of replacement part supply, lack of product knowledge among consumers and retailers, hesitation of retailers to sell remanufactured products, and lack of strict and clear regulations about remanufacturing business. Findings of this study provide insights to prospective mobile phone remanufacturers of what needs to be tackled to start a prosperous business. On the theoretical side, it provides complementary knowledge to existing studies that have been conducted mostly on countries that have higher environmental awareness.
Development of Real Time Machine Tools Component Utilization Data Acquisition for developing Dynamic Model of Maintenance Scheduling
Authors: Budi Harja Herman , Prakosa Tri , Yuwana Martawirya Yatna , Nurhadi Indra , Sagisky Januartha Andrian
Published: November 2019

Maintenance scheduling accuracy of CNC machine tools components should be calculated based on actual data utilization of each component. Actual usage of each component can be approached by component grouping based on machine operation phase utilization, which is divided into Power-On, cutting and noncutting phase. This paper describes a study on development of machine monitoring data utilization for obtaining real time information of spindle and machine axis positions as well as current consumption of spindle servo motor. Data collection was conducted by a termination method on wiring feedback control of spindle encoder signal and axes encoder signals. On the other hand, current consumption of spindle servo motor was measured by a CT current transducer. Afterward, a WEMOS microcontroller was used to process and to transfer data wirelessly to a Raspberry which acted as a broker. The data will used to update the data status of CNC Machine Tools utilization database, where it was communicated by using a MQTT protocol. A monitoring system has been developed and resulted the real time information of machine phase utilization. It will be further utilized as primary data input for building a dynamic maintenance model.
Automotive Start-Stop Engine Based on Face Recognition System
Authors: William Lim , Winda Astuti , Satrio Dewanto , Sofyan Tan , Iwan Solihin Mahmud
Published: November 2019

There are so many security devices such as code pin, dual control procedures, and ID card. However, those devices have the potential to be lost, stolen or duplicated by someone. Due to that reason, the authentication for driver by using their face is one of the potential solutions. In this proposed system, the real time person’s face is detected using a camera. The detected face is then processed inthe system which will recognize. The recognized face is then used as input to the Arduino, which connected to the automotive relay to active the engine’s starter vehicle. Viola-Jones method is applied as a method to detect and crop face area of the face image. The Canny edge method is applied as a method for segmenting the detected face. The Canny edge method will detect a wide range of edges from facealso reducing noise image. Fast Fourier Transform is applied as a feature extraction technique to extract the segmented face image. The extracted image is then used as input to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in order to recognize the face of the authorize person. Experimental results show the training and testing accuracy of 100 % and 100 %, respectively.
Effect of T6 on Mechanical Properties of TiB and Sr Modified ADC12/SiC Composite Produced by Stir Casting
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Pritamara , Zulfia Syahrial Anne , Narottama Putra Wahyuaji , Wahyu Utomo Budi
Published: November 2019

A study of ADC12 (Al-Si aluminium alloy) composite is conducted to obtain a more sustainable material with enhanced properties for automotive industry purpose, such as train's brake shoe and bearing application. For those kind of utilization, material with durability, good elastic modulus, thermal stability, wear resistance, and high strength properties is needed due to its exposure to high temperature and heavy continuous application. ADC 12 acts as the matrix, reinforced with 3 vf% micro-SiC with 5 wt% Mg wetting agent was fabricated by the stir casting method. The addition of 0.18 wt% Sr and 0.15 wt% TiB were expected to finer the grain morphology of the silicone eutectic phase and to acts as the grain refiner, respectively. Furthermore, T6 heat treatment was applied with aging temperature 150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C, 210 °C, and 230 °C, following the prior 1 h 490 °C solution treatment. The results obtained in this work showed enhancement in tensile strength with the value of 213 MPa, hardness value 75 HRB, and wear resistance. These values increase up to 115 MPa for the UTS and 38 HRB for the hardness value, as the impact of the refined grains from both modifiers and heat treatment.
Investigation on the Sandwich System Hull Materials for Solar Powered Electrical Sport Boat
Authors: Sunaryo  , Syahrihaddin Hanifa Aldy
Published: November 2019

Experiments and theoretical analyses of sandwich materials which are used in the design of a solar-powered boat are required to fully complete the analysis of the hull strength. Rule analysis of global hull girder loads or panel under global loads (laminate buckling, maximum stress in each layer, and combined stress) will be used to determine the hull strength of the boat. In this research, the mechanical properties of facing laminate and sandwich material of VARTM-Vacuum Infusion are investigated. Moreover, the analysis from the result of the experiment and the theoretical calculation will be used as a reference to perform the hull strength calculations. From the experiment, an average tensile modulus of 15.21 GPa is obtained with a standard deviation of ± 1 GPa and the theoretical analyses calculation for the tensile modulus value is 54.990 5 GPa.
Furthermore, an average flexural modulus value is 21 261.8 N mm-2 with a standard deviation of ± 2 301.17 N mm-2 and a theoretical analyses calculation for the flexural modulus value is 26 833.5 N mm-2. In the end, the calculation from the experimental and theoretical analysis may be applicable to calculate the hull strength of the vessel. In conclusion, the calculation of the hull strength of the solar-powered boat using the Bureau Veritas (BV) classification rules has met the required standards.
Electrical System Design of Solar-Powered Electrical Water Recreational and Sport Vessel
Authors: Sunaryo  , Shadu Imfianto Pradhana
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago with more than
17 000 islands, and the best marine tourism destination due to its beautiful beaches and underwater scenery, but Indonesia is also the most vulnerable country to be affected by climate change due to the greenhouse effect. Besides industry, the transportation sector is the highest contributor to the global greenhouse effect. In order to reduce the source of the greenhouse effect, the Indonesian Government has committed to using new and renewable energy as an alternative to fossil-based fuel. In an attempt to contribute to the Government’s efforts and to advance the national marine tourism, the research is aimed to design water recreational and sport vessel that powered by a solar generated electric engine, as further development of Universitas Indonesia’s solar boat participated in International Solar-boat Challenge competition in the Netherlands. The research is focused on the effective use of solar energy as the main source for powering the vessel’s electrical engine, based on the existing optimum shape and dimensions of the boat. Information and data regarding the arrangement of the vessel, solar electric generation processes and vessel powering system obtained from literature study, discussion with experts, and on the spot surveys of various recreational vessels were used as input for the calculation and simulation of the vessel being investigated. The research results are expected could be further developed for other related usages such as fish farming, coastal fishing rig, floating restaurant, etc.
Experimental Investigation of Avocado Seed Oil Utilization in Diesel Engine Performance
Authors: Sutrisno  , Anggono Willyanto , Dwiputra Suprianto Fandi , Daniel Santosa Cokro , Suryajaya Michael , Jeremy Gotama Gabriel
Published: November 2019

Avocado (Persea americana Mill) is a popular fruit in Indonesia. Its popularity leads to high consumption of this fruit and wastes from its seed. In order to develop renewable energy and reducing wastes in the environment, P. americana seed may be extracted for its oil to create biodiesel fuel. In this study, P. americana seed is obtained through the soxhlet apparatus and transesterification process. After obtaining P. americana seed oil, the oil was mixed with pure petro-diesel with a ratio of 10:90 (B10 fuel) and 20:80 (B20 fuel), respectively. These fuels were tested for their fuel characteristics and engine performances, together with pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel. The fuel characteristics results suggest positive characteristics of B10 and B20 compared to other fuels. For engine performance tests, B10 and B20 fuels have less engine performance than other fuels. However, the differences between these fuels results are small. Overall, the positive aspect of B10 and B20 fuels supersede small disadvantages they have and thus suitable to substitute pure petro-diesel and palm oil biodiesel.
Optimization of Boring Process Parameters in Manufacturing of Polyacetal Bushing using High Speed Steel
Authors: Jaya Suteja The , Haryono Yon , Harianto Andri , Rinawiyanti Esti
Published: November 2019

Polyacetal is commonly used as bushing material because of its low coefficient of friction and self lubricant characteristics. The polyacetal is machined by using boring process to produce bushing in certain surface roughness. The objectives of this research are to optimize three independent parameters (depth of cut, feed rate and principal cutting edge angle) of boring process of polyacetal using high speed steel tool to achieve the highest material removal rate and the required surface roughness. Response Surface Methodology is used to investigate the influence of the parameters and optimize the boring process. The research shows that the influence of the boring process parameters on polyacetal is similar compared to on metal. The result reveals that the optimum result is achieved by applying the value of depth of cut, feed rate, and principal cutting edge angle is 2.9 × 10–3 m, 0.229 mm rev–1, and 99.1° respectively. By applying these values, the maximum material rate removal achieved in this research is 1263.4 mm3 s–1 and the surface roughness achieved is 1.57 × 10–6 m.
Strategy to Improve Recycling Yield of Aluminium Cans
Authors: Yuardi Risonarta Victor , Anggono Juliana , Michael Suhendra Yosias , Nugrowibowo Setyo , Jani Yahya
Published: November 2019

Millions of canned drinks are consumed everyday globally and their wastes create an enviromental issue. Fortunately, the cans are made from aluminium (Al) so that it can be recycled. There are two main keypoints existing during the recycling process of Al cans, i.e. the aluminium loss or low Al-yield and low recycling yield. This work outlines the strategies to improve the recycling perfomance for Al beverage cans, i.e. by adding drossing flux, applying improved melting strategy, and cans decoating prior to melting. Drossing flux was added to assist the detachment of Al from the slag. Another improved melting strategy was worked out by decreasing exposure time cans to the furnace atmosphere during melting. All those above strategies result in an increase of recycle yield in a range of 4 % to 5 %.