bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crosslinguistic influences of script format
Authors: Pae Hye K. , Kim Sun-A , Mano Quintino R. , Wang Min
Published: June 2018

This study investigated cross-linguistic influences of the Korean script’s syllabic format on L2 English word reading. A total of 103 college students participated in two naming experiments in Korea and the U.S. Experiment 1 used Korean graphemes presented in both block (i.e., Hangul printing convention) and left-to-right linear (i.e., English printing convention) formats. Results from Experiment 1 showed that Korean participants were significantly faster in reading Korean graphemes presented in the block format than in the linear format. Experiment 2 utilized English words that appeared to participants as having random spaces but in fact the spaces corresponded to Korean syllabic boundaries (e.g., un der s tan d, 언더스탠드). Results from Experiment 2 revealed that native Korean readers did not show a significant interference effect in reading L2 words that were derived from L1 syllabic boundaries. Findings are interpreted within the context of the Syllabic Autonomy Saliency Hypothesis for Hangul.
Neural mechanisms of reading in Korean L1 and related L2 reading
Authors: Kim Say Young , Wang Min
Published: June 2018

Korean has a unique status compared to other alphabetic orthographies in terms of its phonology-orthography mapping and visual-orthographic configuration. In this chapter we reviewed recent literature on the neural bases of reading in Korean L1 to understand whether and how the characteristics of Korean orthography are reflected in the brain network. We then reviewed recent neuroimaging literature concerning the L1 effect on L2 reading with Korean L1. Evidence suggests that when reading English L2, native Korean readers engage the brain network similar to the Korean L1 network (i.e., assimilation). In contrast, when reading Chinese L2, the brain network involved is significantly different from the Korean L1 network (i.e., accommodation). The L2 brain network seems to be shaped by L1 experience. The chapter concluded with a discussion of future research directions.
Syntactic outcomes of contact in Sason Arabic
Authors: Akkuș Faruk , Benmamoun Elabbas
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we discuss a number of morphosyntactic properties of Sason Arabic, which could be strongly argued to be due to
contact with the neighboring languages, some of which have head-final properties. We argue that Sason Arabic patterns with
both its Arabic neighbors and the typologically different surrounding, and sociolinguistically dominant languages,
particularly Kurdish and Turkish. We aim to show that syntactic constructions in contact contexts can provide important
insights into the nature of the contact and the history of the language and its speakers.
Arabic and Berber in contact
Authors: Caubet Dominique
Published: June 2018

Near the Berber-speaking town of Al Hoceima, there are a few hamlets and villages where people speak Arabic and find themselves
in a situation where Berber is the dominant language. These dialects of Moroccan Arabic have seldom been described. What is
taking place on the border between Berber and Arabic in this region? What types of contact? What influences? We visited one
village on the Berber speaking side (Taounil) and one hamlet on the Arabic-speaking side. Our fieldwork was tentative
transdisciplinary work by linguists and ethnobotanists, which allowed us to collect very spontaneous data, since the stress
was put on the ethnobotanic questioning. We present here our results, analysing the specific traits of these dialects.
Temporal adverbs of contrast in the Basic Variety of Arabic
Authors: Versteegh Kees
Published: June 2018

This paper applies the model of the Basic Variety developed by Klein & Perdue
(1997) and elaborated by Benazzo (2003) to two basic forms of
communication in Arabic, Pidgin Madame and Gulf Pidgin Arabic. Benazzo’s analysis of the development of temporal adverbs of
contrast (resultative already; continuative still) in the Basic
Variety of German, French and English leads to certain predictions about the sequentiality of their acquisition. In the Basic
Variety of Arabic the acquisition of these adverbs develops in a different manner. Although their source language does not
contain a resultative adverb, both varieties feature such an adverb (kalas). This contradicts
Benazzo’s findings, as does the relatively frequent use of a continuative particle (bād) at a
very early stage.
Mountains do not meet, but men do
Authors: Nakao Shuichiro
Published: June 2018

Linguists have long assumed that Juba Arabic and Nubi, the two Arabic creoles spoken in East Africa, have been cut off from
each other since their “linguistic divergence” in the 1880s. This historical interpretation, however, overlooks sociocultural
(including linguistic) interactions between the Nubi-speaking communities of Uganda and Kenya and a minor Juba Arabic-speaking
community in South Sudan called Malakiyyans since the 1880s down to the present day. This paper aims at exploring their
history and the way in which they have interacted with each other to redefine their identity, focusing on the musical
tradition called dolúka and dirêr.
Determiner phrase
Authors: Ziamari Karima
Published: June 2018

Nominal insertions in Moroccan Arabic-French codeswitching are very common. They typically appear as French maximal projections
embedded in a larger constituent headed by the Arabic determiners wāḥəd and hād. However, the reasons behind the insertion of determiners have not been clarified. This study, which relies
on the Matrix Language Frame model (Myers-Scotton 1993), seeks to elucidate the
factors inducing the insertion of determiners in the morphosyntactic and semantic frame of Moroccan Arabic. Analyzing eleven
hours of recorded data, we will show that on the morphosyntactic level, the mismatch between Moroccan Arabic and French
definiteness, gender and number may explain the frequency of such insertions. Though, morphosyntactic structure is not the
only factor at play in contexts where determination is complex in both languages, and we thus need to take into account other
domains such as the semantic, pragmatic and enunciative ones.
Arabidopsis phenotyping through geometric morphometrics
Authors: Manacorda Carlos A , Asurmendi Sebastian
Published: June 2018

Background

Recently, great technical progress has been achieved in the field of plant phenotyping. High-throughput platforms and the development of improved algorithms for rosette image segmentation make it possible to extract shape and size parameters for genetic, physiological, and environmental studies on a large scale. The development of low-cost phenotyping platforms and freeware resources make it possible to widely expand phenotypic analysis tools for Arabidopsis. However, objective descriptors of shape parameters that could be used independently of the platform and segmentation software used are still lacking, and shape descriptions still rely on ad hoc or even contradictory descriptors, which could make comparisons difficult and perhaps inaccurate. Modern geometric morphometrics is a family of methods in quantitative biology proposed to be the main source of data and analytical tools in the emerging field of phenomics studies. Based on the location of landmarks (corresponding points) over imaged specimens and by combining geometry, multivariate analysis, and powerful statistical techniques, these tools offer the possibility to reproducibly and accurately account for shape variations among groups and measure them in shape distance units.

Results

Here, a particular scheme of landmark placement on Arabidopsis rosette images is proposed to study shape variation in viral infection processes. Shape differences between controls and infected plants are quantified throughout the infectious process and visualized. Quantitative comparisons between two unrelated ssRNA+ viruses are shown, and reproducibility issues are assessed.

Conclusions

Combined with the newest automated platforms and plant segmentation procedures, geometric morphometric tools could boost phenotypic features extraction and processing in an objective, reproducible manner.
Measuring the impact of corporate social responsibility practices on brand equity in the banking industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Hafez Md.
Published: June 2018

Purpose

The banking industry in Bangladesh is now conducting business under the growing pressure to conform to every aspect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) for the welfare of their clients and society. The value of CSR practices is attributed to the relationship between corporate image, brand awareness, brand equity (BE), competitive advantage and financial result. The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of CSR on BE and to establish the moderating impact of corporate image and brand awareness.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses using a sample of 200 public and private bank customers in Bangladesh.

Findings

The results of this study demonstrated that CSR has a significant direct effect on the corporate image, brand awareness and BE. The results also confirm that corporate image and brand awareness partially mediate the relationship between CSR and BE.

Practical implications

The findings indicate that successfully CSR practices will enhance a bank’s image in the mind of customers. Customers will feel that they are contributing to social causes because they are receiving services from socially responsible organizations. CSR practices also create customer awareness regarding the financial services provided by a bank. Consequently, good reputation and brand awareness contribute to building strong BE for banks.

Originality/value

This research shows the mediating role of brand awareness and corporate image with CSR and BE in the context of the banking industry in Bangladesh which is rarely studied. Therefore, the findings of this study will add value to the existing literature.
The Relationship Between Ictal Multi-Unit Activity and the Electrocorticogram
Authors: Eissa Tahra L. , Schevon Catherine A. , Emerson Ronald G. , Mckhann Guy M. , Goodman Robert R. , Van Drongelen Wim
Published: June 2018

During neocortical seizures in patients with epilepsy, microelectrode array recordings from the ictal core show a strong correlation between the fast, cellular spiking activities and the low-frequency component of the potential field, reflected in the electrocorticogram (ECoG). Here, we model the relationship between the cellular spike activity and this low-frequency component as the input and output signals of a linear time invariant system. Our approach is based on the observation that this relationship can be characterized by a so-called sinc function, the unit impulse response of an ideal (brick-wall) filter. Accordingly, using a brick-wall filter, we are able to convert ictal cellular spike inputs into an output that significantly correlates with the observed seizure activity in the ECoG [Formula: see text], while ECoG recordings of subsequent seizures within patients also show significant, but lower, correlations [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we can produce seizure-like output signals using synthetic spike trains with ictal properties. We propose a possible physiological mechanism to explain the observed properties associated with an ideal filter, and discuss the potential use of our approach for the evaluation of anticonvulsant strategies.
Novel Hybrid-Cast Approach to Reduce Bandwidth and Latency for Cloud-Based Virtual Space
Authors: Hou Xueshi , Lu Yao , Dey Sujit
Published: June 2018

In this article, we explore the possibility of enabling cloud-based virtual space applications for better computational scalability and easy access from any end device, including future lightweight wireless head-mounted displays. In particular, we investigate virtual space applications such as virtual classroom and virtual gallery, in which the scenes and activities are rendered in the cloud, with multiple views captured and streamed to each end device. A key challenge is the high bandwidth requirement to stream all the user views, leading to high operational cost and potential large delay in a bandwidth-restricted wireless network. We propose a novel hybrid-cast approach to save bandwidth in a multi-user streaming scenario. We identify and broadcast the common pixels shared by multiple users, while unicasting the residual pixels for each user. We formulate the problem of minimizing the total bitrate needed to transmit the user views using hybrid-casting and describe our approach. A common view extraction approach and a smart grouping algorithm are proposed and developed to achieve our hybrid-cast approach. Simulation results show that the hybrid-cast approach can significantly reduce total bitrate by up to 55% and avoid congestion-related latency, compared to traditional cloud-based approach of transmitting all the views as individual unicast streams, hence addressing the bandwidth challenges of the cloud, with additional benefits in cost and delay.
Thymoquinone Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Activation of SIRT1 Signaling
Authors: Lu Yunyang , Feng Yingda , Liu Dan , Zhang Zhiran , Gao Kai , Zhang Wei , Tang Haifeng
Published: June 2018

Background/Aims: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a leading factor responsible for damage in myocardial infarction, resulting in additional injury to cardiac tissues involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main constituent of Nigella sativa L. seeds, has been reported to possess various biological activities. However, few reports regarding myocardial protection are available at present. Therefore, this study was conducted aiming to investigate the protective effect of TQ against MI/R injury and to clarify its potential mechanism. Methods: MI/R injury models of isolated rat hearts and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were established. The Langendorff isolated perfused heart system, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, gene transfection, TransLaser scanning confocal microscopy, and western blotting were employed to evaluate the cardioprotection effect of TQ against MI/R injury. Results: Compared with the MI/R group, TQ treatment could remarkably improve left ventricular function, decrease myocardial infarct size and production of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and attenuate mitochondrial oxidative damage by elevating superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reducing production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonaldehyde (MDA). Moreover, the cardioprotective effect of TQ was accompanied by up-regulated expression of SIRT1 and inhibition of p53 acetylation. Additionally, TQ treatment could also enhance mitochondrial function and reduce the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes. Nonetheless, the cardioprotective effect of TQ could be mitigated by SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol and SIRT1 siRNA, respectively, which was achieved through inhibition of the SIRT1 signaling pathway. Conclusions: The findings in this study demonstrate that TQ is efficient in attenuating MI/R injury through activation of the SIRT1 signaling pathway, which can thus reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Optimal adaptive higher order controllers subject to sliding modes for a carrier system
Authors: Jahanshahi Hadi , Sari Naeimeh Najafizadeh , Pham Viet-Thanh , Alsaadi Fawaz E , Hayat Tasawar
Published: June 2018

Due to costly space projects, affordable flight models and test prototypes are of incomparable importance in academic and research applications, for example, data acquisition and subsystems testing. In this regard, CanSat could be used as a low-cost, high-tech, and lightweight model. CanSat carrier launch system is a simple second-order aerospace system. Aerospace systems require the highest level of effective controller performance. Adding second-order integral and second-order derivative terms to proportional–integral–derivative controller leads to the elimination of steady-state errors and yields to a faster systems convergence. Moreover, sliding mode control is considered as a robust controller that has appropriate features to track. Thus, this article tends to present an adaptive hybrid of higher order proportional–integral–derivative and sliding mode control optimized by multi-objective genetic algorithm to control a CanSat carrier launch system.
Design of a human-centric de-identification framework for utilizing various clinical research data
Authors: Lee Jaedong , Jung Jipmin , Park Phillip , Chung Seunghyun , Cha Hyosoung
Published: June 2018

For better life, medical and IT technology are converging and data plays a key role in this convergence. Data in the medical field is information about humans, and these data are sensitive. Because this type of data is frequently accessed by multiple users, a high degree of caution is required during handling. In addition, systematic security precautions must be followed to prevent data from being used outside of the intended purpose, even in clinical research. In this paper, we propose a human-centric framework for clinical environments based on the standards, procedures, and methods outlined in guidelines published in the United States and Korea. This study provides a more balanced approach to the utilization and security of personal information as compared to that in the two previously published guidelines. For the secure clinical studies, this framework makes it possible to provide utility and security in a balanced manner, depending on the forms of provision. As a result, the proposed framework extends the usability of the clinical study, and support secure usage of clinical research data.
A meta-analysis of narrow-band imaging for the diagnosis of primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yeung David CM , Vlantis Alexander C , Wong Eddy WY , Tong Michael CF , Chan Jason YK
Published: June 2018

Background: Narrow band imaging (NBI), an endoscopic technique featuring an augmented definition of microvasculature and mucosal patterns. NBI is increasingly advocated as a tool to characterize neoplasia and intestinal metaplasia in endoscopic standards, such as for colorectal polyps and tumors. Recently NBI has also been studied in the detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). Here we aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of NBI for the diagnosis of NPC.

Methods: A meta-analysis of studies comparing narrow-band imaging and white light endoscopy in the diagnosis of primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma was performed. The review process involved two independent investigators. The databases used were MEDLINE, PubMed, the Cochrane library, Embase, and the Web of Science. Statistical analysis was performed with OpenMetaAnalyst, MetaDiSc version 1.4, and Medcalc version 17.9.7. 

Results: Five studies including 2480 patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity for narrow-band imaging were 0.90 (0.73-0.97) and 0.95 (0.81-0.99) respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 18.82 (0.31-82.1) and 0.08 (0.02-0.31). For white light endoscopy, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.77 (0.58-0.89) and 0.91 (0.79-0.96). The positive likelihood ratio was 7.61 (3.61-16.04), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.21 (0.11-0.39). The odds ratio for detection rates between narrow-band imaging and white light endoscopy was 4.29 (0.56-33.03, p = 0.16). Area under the curve for narrow-band imaging was 0.98 (SE: 0.02), and for white light it was 0.93 (SE: 0.03). There was no significant difference in the receiver operating characteristic curves between the two modalities (p = 0.14).

Conclusion: Narrow-band imaging showed a higher sensitivity and positive likelihood ratio for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, there was no significant difference in detection rates compared to white light endoscopy. Further investigation with a uniform diagnostic criteria and terminology is needed for narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
PRINCIPLES OF COMPILING A LEARNER’S EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY OF BRITISH-AMERICAN DIFFERENCES
Authors: Амитирова-Тургенева Дарья , Amitirova-Turgeneva Daria
Published: June 2018

The article looks at the principles of compiling a learner’s dictionary of British-American differences in lexical nomination. The main feature of the dictionary is availability of explanations in English and in Russian. The author describes theoretical grounds, aim and objectives of the dictionary. An example of a dictionary entry is provided
Repensar la producción de materiales pedagógicos en el aula universitaria.
Authors: Manuale Marcela Alicia
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo se origina en un proceso reflexivo que se vincula con una propuesta de formación docente realizada en ADUL (Asociación de Docentes de la UNL), denominada Curso de Producción de materiales Pedagógicos, en la cual participé en el año 2017, y que despertó estas ideas en relación a los apoyos didácticos.

Repensar la producción de materiales pedagógicos en el marco de la enseñanza universitaria, supone abordar una serie de problemáticas en torno a los procesos de enseñar y de aprender en este ámbito, y generar un espacio de reflexión sobre las prácticas de enseñanza que puedan ayudar a producir materiales que sean pertinentes con sus objetivos, contenidos y destinatarios.

Estos escritos que siguen pretenden ser botellas tiradas al mar, que contengan mensajes de utopía, de denuncia y de anuncio, como plantean las pedagogías críticas, en las cuales me inscribo. Que puedan contener recados y propuestas colectivas, tejidas por muchos, enriquecidas por otros, entramando miradas, ideas, pinceladas. Como afirma poéticamente Leopoldo Marechal (1999) “Muchacho, el pueblo recoge todas las botellas que se tiran al agua con mensajes de naufragio. El pueblo es una gran memoria colectiva, que recuerda todo lo que parece muerto en el olvido. Hay que buscar esas botellas y refrescar esa memoria…”

En el actual contexto de retorno del neoliberalismo conservador, es imprescindible buscar esas botellas y refrescar la memoria, recuperar la utopía, que incluye el lenguaje de la posibilidad y el sueño de lo posible. El gran pedagogo latinoamericano Paulo Freire, oponiéndose al discurso neoliberal, pragmático, según el cual “debemos adecuarnos a los hechos tal como se están dando, como si no pudieran darse de otra forma, como si no debiésemos luchar, precisamente por ser mujeres y hombres, para que se den de otra manera” (Freire, 2001), nos invita a soñar, como un acto político necesario. E insiste en que no hay utopía verdadera fuera de la tensión entre la denuncia de un presente que se hace cada vez más intolerable y el anuncio de un futuro por crear, por construir política, estética y éticamente entre todos, mujeres y hombres. La utopía implica esa denuncia y ese anuncio, pero no permite que se agote la tensión entre ambos en torno a la producción del futuro antes anunciado y ahora un nuevo presente. La nueva experiencia de sueño se instaura en la misma medida en que la historia no se inmoviliza, no muere. Por el contrario, continúa (Freire, 2001).
Fretting Corrosion and Polyethylene Damage Mechanisms in Modular Dual Mobility Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Spece Hannah , MacDonald Daniel W. , Mont Michael A. , Lee Gwo-Chin , Kurtz Steven M.
Published: June 2018

Dual mobility (DM) implants can be helpful in minimizing instability and improving range of motion in patients at risk for dislocation following total hip arthroplasty. However, the additional articulation raises concerns about increased polyethylene liner damage, while an added metal interface of a modular DM design (MDM) can be a source of corrosion. This retrieval study aims to characterize in vivo damage and fretting corrosion of MDM hips. Twenty-nine MDM explants with both ceramic and metal femoral heads were collected. A custom fixture and a mechanical testing frame were used to disengage the femoral heads from the polyethylene liners. The inner and outer liner surfaces were assessed using a modified Hood method to evaluate seven different damage mechanisms. Fretting corrosion damage at the metal interfaces was assessed using a modified Goldberg method. A minimal fretting corrosion score of one was assigned to 70 % of the femoral head tapers, 75 % of the cobalt-chromium acetabular liner backsides, and 80 % of the femoral stems. Corrosion tended to occur at the acetabular liner edges rather than at the pole. There were no cases of severe corrosion on any of the components. Surface damage, primarily scratching, burnishing, pitting, and embedded debris, was observed on all 29 polyethylene liners. There was no significant difference between the overall damage of the inner and outer surface for each component (p = 0.07). However, pitting and surface deformation scores were greater for the outer surface (p = 0.01, p = 0.002), while embedded debris scores were greater for the inner surface (p = 0.01). Fretting corrosion and polyethylene damage were measurable in MDM articulations at short-term follow-up. While the clinical significance is unknown, it demonstrates the need for continued investigation as longer-term MDM retrievals become available.
The Use of Community Language Learning (CLL) Method to Increase the Students’ Participation in Classroom Conversation
Authors: Nurhasanah Siti
Published: June 2018

Community Language Learning (CLL) merupakan metode pengajaran bahasa yang melibatkan aspek psikologi dimana peserta didik ikut bekerja sama dalam mengembangkan keahlian berbahasa yang ingin mereka pelajari. Metode ini pertama kali dikembangkan oleh Charles A. Curran dan asosiasinya yang disebut teori Counseling-Learning. Ada pula yang menyebut bahwa metode ini merupakan pendekatan humanisme. Pengajarnya seolah-olah bertindak sebagai konselor dan peserta didiknya sebagai klien. Selanjutnya penulis juga menggunakan metode CLL untuk meningkatkan partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kelas Speaking di Program Khusus Kelas Internasional (KKI) IAIN Salatiga Tahun Akademik 2013/2014 angkatan 2013. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dimana penulis sebagai peneliti dan ditemani oleh satu orang sebagai pengamat. Untuk mengetahui peningkatan partisipasi mahasiswa di kelas tersebut, peneliti mengadakan pretes dan postes dalam 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus berisi perencanaan, aksi, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan tidak hanya pada partisipasi percakapan bahasa Inggris mereka tetapi juga motivasi belajar mereka. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari peningkatan rata-rata nilai dari pretes ke postes baik di siklus 1 hingga di siklus 2.
Detection of anti-Salmonella antibodies in food animals of Nagpur region by In-house ELISA
Authors: Kalambhe D. G. , Zade N. N. , Chaudhari S. P. , Shinde S. V. , Khan W.  A. , Hirde V. N.
Published: June 2018

Salmonella is a widespread enteric pathogen of many animal species, including mammals, birds, insects, reptiles and humans. It is an opportunistic bacterium, infecting immunosuppressed animal and takes over lead in the absence of other competing gut bacteria. Salmonella Typhimurium DT104, is of particular public health concern. In the present study sero-survey based on in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been attempted to study prevalence of anti-Salmonella antibodies among food animals by employing whole cell (WC) and lipopolysachharide (LPS) antigens. A total of 200 sera samples comprising 50 each from slaughter male cattle, buffaloes, goats and pigs were included in a study. WC-ELISA recorded 24% (cattle), 6% (buffalo), 68% (goat) and 74% (pigs) seropositivity for Salmonella whereas LPS-ELISA estimated seroprevalence of 8%, 0%, 56% and 40% among cattle, buffaloes, goats and pigs respectively. Though the results of ELISAs based on two antigens are not parallel, but the fact of presence of anti-Salmonella antibodies among food animals cannot be denied which is important from public health point of view. More comprehensive studies on livestock salmonellosis are required for further analysis of the bacterial reservoir for human infection. The usefulness of these two antigens as the diagnostic markers for detecting anti-Salmonella antibodies requires more study.
Evaluation of autologous and homologous platelet rich plasma as a surgical wound healing promoter in rabbits
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Shahid , Durrani Uzma Farid , Mahmood Asim Khalid , Akhtar Raheela , Hussain Rashid , Hussain Abid , Matloob Khizar , Zahid Beenish
Published: June 2018

The present study compared the efficacy of autologous and homologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) as a surgical wound healing promoter in rabbits. Sixteen adult healthy rabbits were divided into two groups i.e. A and B. Group A was treated with autologous platelet rich plasma (APRP) and group B was treated with homologous platelet rich plasma (HPRP). Both groups were operated for skin grafting (auto grafting) at two (PRP treated experimental and control) sites. Clinical evaluation of PRP was performed by using macroscopic (edema, exudation, coloration, temperature, cosmetic appearance and healing status) and microscopic (acute inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and granulation tissue proliferation) parameters. The healing status, coloration and cosmetic appearance of APRP treated group were more satisfactory than HPRP treated group. APRP group also showed less inflammation, edema and more granular tissue proliferation as compare to HPRP group. It was concluded that autologous PRP is an efficient surgical wound healing promoter in rabbits.
The examination of the relationship between gender and socio-economic level factors with psychological disorders in adolescents in Turkey
Authors: Bilge Yıldız , Bilge Yusuf
Published: June 2018

Abstract

 

In this study was aimed to conduct a screening study for examining the relationship between demographic factors such as gender and socio-economic level with psychological disorders seen in adolescents. Psychological Disorders Inventory for Adolescents (PDIA) developed by the researcher on the basis of DSM-5 and based on a self-report scale was used as data collection tool. 1953 students whose were 920 boys (47.1%) and were 1033 girls (52.9%) participated in this study. This study were made in Istanbul, in 4 private schools and 10 state schools. Since our research objective is to examine whether it was differentiated according to socio-economic level and gender of psychological disorders seen in adolescents, cluster sampling method was selected as the sample type and Ä°stanbul was divided into to clusters according to the socio-economic level variable. It applied independent-samples t test and one-way ANOVA to obtained data.Finally, in this study was identified that some psychological disorders showed significant differences in terms of gender, and also some psychological disorders could be explained significantly by the income level.

Keywords: Inventory of Psychological Disorders For Adolescences (PDIA), DSM 5, psychological disorders, gender and socio-economic level.
People’s Perception Towards Immigrants Based on Acceptance in Pekanbaru (Riau Province)
Authors: Napitupulu Lisfarika
Published: June 2018

Immigrant is a person who migrates to another country due to some reasons. Immigrants in this research are refugees and asylum seekers who stay for a while in Pekanbaru. They are waiting to be sent to resettlement. Sometimes, this process takes a long time. Since they live in Pekanbaru, they get some psychological problems. Some researchers found that psychosocial intervention work better for them than individual or group intervention. However, applying psychosocial intervention in Pekanbaru seems difficult. First of all, some local communities in the city are afraid of them. Second, there is a legal aspect. The aim of this research is to know how people in Pekanbaru perceive immigrants based on their acceptance. This research used quantitative methods. A total of 262 people were taken as the number of samples. The result showed that social perception was affected by acceptance. Acceptance contribute to social perception as much as 10.7%; β = −3.27; p < 0.00.
Keywords: Stereotyping, hallo effect, non-judgement, local community, Indonesia
O patrimônio bibliográfico no Brasil: trajetória de leis, políticas e instrumentos de proteção legal
Authors: Ferreira dos Santos Renata , Soares dos Reis Alcenir
Published: June 2018

Este artículo presenta una visión histórica de la evolución de las leyes, las políticas y los instrumentos de protección jurídica del patrimonio bibliográfico en Brasil entre los siglos XIX al XXI. La revisión de literatura del derecho del patrimonio cultural y la legislación actual muestran que la noción de patrimonio bibliográfico se asocia con la práctica de depósito legal de libros contemporáneos y con los controles de la circulación de libros raros y antiguos. Presenta los principales instrumentos de protección jurídica del patrimonio cultural brasileño, con miras a su uso en los bienes culturales muebles de bibliográfica naturaleza.
Intercultural/Pluricultural Communication Construct and Its Levels
Authors: Kalnbērziņa Vita
Published: June 2018

The aim of this article is to explore the intercultural component (IC) in the English language curricula for the secondary and tertiary education in Latvia in the light of the new edition of Common European Framework of Language Learning, Teaching and Assessment Companion Volume with New Descriptors (CEFR, 2017) and compare it with the previous intercultural communication competence. The research method is documentary analysis of the three documents as regards their approach to intercultural communication. The analysis found that the documents were compatible, in spite of the difference of terminology, although CEFR (2017) aims at language users’ sensitivity and awareness in action, the secondary school proposes tolerance and following the rules, the tertiary education curriculum suggests critical thinking and analysis of the cultural phenomena. The roles of the three documents and their development contexts explain these differences and allow each one of the documents to give their own contribution to IC, as long as the users of the documents understand their differences and shortcomings.
An Investigation into How B2-C2 Level English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Learners Display Their Pragmatic Competence in Speaking
Authors: Willcox-Ficzere Edit
Published: June 2018

The importance of testing second language (L2) learners’ pragmatic competence is becoming evident following increasing research (e.g. Ross and Kasper, 2013). Current pragmatic tests mainly use the Speech Act Theory as a theoretical framework and discourse completion tasks (DCTs) as test instruments. However, these have been criticized lately for overlooking the importance of the discursive side of pragmatics. The main objective of this research was to contribute towards the assessment of B2-C2 level EFL learners’ pragmatic competence by experimenting with task formats that allow the examination of extended oral discourse. The empirical study examined how two speaking task formats allowed test takers to display their pragmatic competence. It also aimed to identify some criterial features defining the level of EFL learners’ pragmatic competence. Six university students took part in this mixed-method study, which included four monologic and two dialogic tasks, followed by a semi-structured interview. Performance of the tasks was video recorded, transcribed and analyzed quantitatively as well as qualitatively using a Conversation Analytic framework. It was concluded that both task formats allow learners to display their pragmatic competence in terms of the sequential organization of speech and selection/use of pragmalinguistic devices. Results also showed that with increasing proficiency the number and range of pragmalinguistic devices seemed to increase and the sequential organization of speech tended to become somewhat more natural.
USAHA PRODUKSI KERAJINAN SAPU BERBAHAN SERABUT KELAPA BERBASIS WILAYAH
Authors: Saputra Didin Hadi , Widyaningrum Meiyanti , Bahri Samsul
Published: June 2018

The joint business of coconut fiber broom made by Namira and Bina Taruna is a business that has been run by the partner in Telaga Waru Village, Pringgabaya District, East Lombok regency. The effort has been carried out for generations by local villagers. The focus of this activity is on how to oversee the whole business management process, and to administer, document the results of coconut fiber production through marketing media in order to output or the end result (such as increased production and wider market network) to be obtained more optimally and effectively. This Community Partnership Program activity aims to improve the quality of coconut fiber broom products located in Telaga Waru Village, Pringgabaya District, East Lombok regency. Methods of implementation of the PKM offered by the proposing team to the partners of Namira and Bina Taruna include coordination of partner group existence, preparation of schedule of activities, assistance of skill development of partner business group, marketing through assistance, organizing scheduled open house products and facilitating coverage in the print media. The results of this dedication have been felt by the whole community of Telaga Waru village and its surroundings after the participants follow the socialization process and the science is given through direct practice and interactive dialogue process so that from the training result, there will be improvement of understanding before and after training.
Entrance Skin Dose (Radiation) Measurement and Evaluation (for all age groups) at the State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa, Nigeria
Authors: Ilori Abiola Olawale , Ibitola Gilbert , Ajanaku Olanrewaju , Utomewore Reuben Dapo
Published: June 2018

This study was carried out on entrance skin dose (ESD) (Radiation) measurement and evaluation (for all age groups) at the State Specialist Hospital, Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria. Entrance skin doses for randomly selected patients between 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-17 years and above 18 years old undergoing X-ray chest (Poster Anterior) examinations were measured and evaluation of the source-to-skin distance (SSD) records for the patients during the x-ray chest examinations were carried out. The mean ESD reported for chest PA projections were 66.43 µGy, 105.10 µGy, 215.76 µGy and 291.81 µGy respectively for age range 0 - 4 years, 5 - 9 years, 10 - 17 years and above 18 years. The ESD values reported in this present study were same with the NRPB recommendations of year 2000 of 50 µGy for newborn to 1-year-old, 70 µGy for 5 years and 120 µGy for 10 years old children. The values reported for age 1 to 4 years were lower than 0.1 mGy recommended and the mean ESD for age 5 to 9 years for chest PA examination was 0.11 mGy which is lower than the recommended 0.12 mGy. However, other values reported in this present study were compared with the guidance levels set by the International regulation bodies and were found to be within safe limits and they do not pose any significant health risk to the patients of all age ranges or the health workers. The effective radiation doses (ERDs) for all the age groups were computed, and by comparisons, it was found that the radiation risk factors (RRFs) are relatively low.
Analysis of Incident Variables on Traffic Accidents in Ecuador by using Bokeh library
Authors: Encalada Dávila Ángel Antonio
Published: June 2018

The Big Data that a lot of public and private institutions have about several variables measured through years, that sometimes it is not harnessed how it should be. The lack of powerful tools for make exhaustive analysis that allows discover insights, patterns, trends, correlations and others important relations has become in a barrier that nowadays could be easily destroyed. The purpose of this paper is make an analysis about traffic accidents in Ecuador using Bokeh library of Python programming language. This work is routed to discover relations between some variables such as: temperature, precipitations, accident hour and location, victims amount and accident class, that meanly characterize a traffic accident. This study will help to propose new strategies and improve some methods to reduce the accidents amount in Ecuador.
Management of Esophageal Foreign Body Using Endoscopic Approach: an Experience from Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Diva
Published: June 2018

Background: Esophageal foreign body is a common otolaryngological emergency encountered in clinical practice. The cases with esophageal foreign body need prompt medical attention and appropriate endoscopic or surgical intervention. The type of foreign body varies in different age groups and the level of impaction also varies accordingly. The foreign body in upper esophagus can be removed with safer and easier non-surgical techniques.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the demography, management approach and outcome of esophageal foreign body cases presented to Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.Methodology: This is a prospective study conducted in Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. The data was collected from the medical records of cases that presented to Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital with clinical diagnosis of esophageal foreign body from July 2013 to July 2017.Results: Out of 101 cases of esophageal foreign body, there were 57% cases of chicken bone, followed by 17% mutton bone and 12% meat bolus. Among all, 71% cases had endoscopic removal of foreign body within six hours of presentation and 29% had endoscopic removal of foreign body between six to twelve hours. The most common age group was fifth decade of life. One patient had post-operative mediastinitis.Conclusion: The endoscopic approach is the mainstay of management in foreign body esophagus and timely management leads to successful outcome.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 6, No. 4, Issue 22, Oct.-Dec., 2017, Page: 136-139
History of Health Professional Education in Nepal
Authors: Dixit Hemang
Published: June 2018

The introduction of Western medicine in Nepal took place during Jung Bahadur’s time as Prime Minister and was slowly disseminated during the tenure of subsequent Rana Prime Ministers Bir, Chandra, Bhim and Joodha. The provision of healthcare in the country was taken as a form of charity provided to the people by the rulers. Whilst the first two government hospitals were started at Kathmandu and Birgunj, others followed as would be rulers were banished to places such as Dhankuta, Tansen or Doti. It was only after the dawn of democracy in 1950 that the Department of Health Services was established. During the past 67 years more hospitals and academic centres for teaching health sciences have come up in different parts of Nepal. Strides have made in the delivery of health care and health sciences education. Much more needs still to be done.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 6, No. 4, Issue 22, Oct.-Dec., 2017, Page: 161-166
COMPETITION OF REPRESENTATION OF VALUE ALTERNATIVES TO SOCIO-POLITICAL REALITY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Novachenko Tetіana Vasylivna
Published: June 2018

The article presents an analysis of the competition between the imaginations of value alternatives relative to the socio-political reality of Ukraine in the context of the archetypal approach. The study of this problem is based on the works of French sociologists — Gilbert Durand and Michel Maffesoli, as well as developments of scientists of the Ukrainian school of archetypics. According to the changes in the psychosocial nature of modern society and man, the expediency of applying the archetypal approach to understanding social and political phenomena, processes, and also the characters and types of managers is proved. Archetypes, manifested through imagination, symbols and images, provide an opportunity to see the diversity of socio-political life holistically, without dominating one or other of its sides.It is noted that a social system of any scale presupposes the existence of a system of certain values shared by the majority of society, since it is in them that the answers that this or that society gives to fundamental worldview problems are contained. Thus, in the epoch of postmodern, the valuable semantic structure of plurality with a priority of self-realization of the personality and expansion of the sphere of its individual choice is characteristic for this time. At the same time, a significant role in this process is played by symbolic capital — prestige, reputation, image, which, in the main, is modeled and supported by virtual reality and igroizization. In such conditions, people not only define varieties of ideal values, converting them into each other, but retain them in the social imagination as an imperative, norm, ideal. It has also been confirmed that any accumulation must be used, since the multiple values of social imagination, realized in the psychosocial concepts of people and society, lead to the development of public opinion and in solidarization. It is established that the competition of multiple value representations is a personinternalized idea that has a transpersonal character that influences the creation of a socio-political reality in Ukraine.
Performance Optimization of a Conical Dielectric Elastomer Actuator
Authors: Cao Chongjing , Conn Andrew T.
Published: June 2018

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are known as ‘artificial muscles’ due to their large actuation strain, high energy density and self-sensing capability. The conical configuration has been widely adopted in DEA applications such as bio-inspired locomotion and micropumps for its good compactness, ease for fabrication and large actuation stroke. However, the conical protrusion of the DEA membrane is characterized by inhomogeneous stresses, which complicate their design. In this work, we present an analytical model-based optimization for conical DEAs with the three biasing elements: (I) linear compression spring; (II) biasing mass; and (III) antagonistic double-cone DEA. The optimization is to find the maximum stroke and work output of a conical DEA by tuning its geometry (inner disk to outer frame radius ratio a/b) and pre-stretch ratio. The results show that (a) for all three cases, stroke and work output are maximum for a pre-stretch ratio of 1 × 1 for the Parker silicone elastomer, which suggests the stretch caused by out-of-plane deformation is sufficient for this specific elastomer. (b) Stroke maximization is obtained for a lower a/b ratio while a larger a/b ratio is required to maximize work output, but the optimal a/b ratio is less than 0.3 in all three cases. (c) The double-cone configuration has the largest stroke while single cone with a biasing mass has the highest work output.