bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Оценка и прогнозирование респираторных нарушений при заболеваниях легких, связанных с воздействием фиброгенных аэрозолей
Authors: Babanov S.A. , Budash D.S.
Published: August 2016

Актуальность. У лиц, работающих в условиях воздействия промышленных аэрозолей фиброгенной и/или химической природы частой проблемой является  поздняя постановка диагноза профессионального заболевания бронхолегочной системы. В настоящее время наиболее достоверной и общепринятой методикой исследования функции внешнего дыхания является регистрация и анализ кривых «поток — объем», осуществляемых при помощи микропроцессорной техники. Цель исследования: оценка и прогнозирование респираторных нарушений при заболеваниях легких, связанных с воздействием фиброгенных аэрозолей.Материалы и методы.Проведено комплексное исследование функции внешнего дыхания у 153 человек с различными профессиональными заболеваниями легких в сравнении с данными 60 здоровых людей. Больным проведено бронхоскопическое исследование и компьютерная пневмотахография.Вывод. С целью ранней диагностики гиперреактивности бронхов у лиц, контактирующих на производстве с промышленными фиброгенными аэрозолями, и уточнения степени функциональных нарушений при хроническом пылевом бронхите, силикозе, пневмокониозе от воздействия сварочных аэрозолей необходимо проводить определение таких показателей форсированного выдоха, как FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, MEF25 %VC, MEF50 %VC, MEF75 %VC и Rfo, изменение которых может служить первичным функциональным физиологическим маркером предболезни при профессиональных заболеваниях легких. Компьютерная пневмотахография позволяет достоверно выявлять ранние формы пылевых заболеваний легких, дифференцировать их различные клинико-функциональные типы, что  повышает качество ранней диагностики, вторичной профилактики, терапии и реабилитации при данной патологии, позволяет избежать развития и прогрессирования осложнений пылевых заболеваний легких, и прежде всего хронического легочного сердца.
Оксидативний стрес у хворих на гострий панкреатит: асоціації із синдромом системної запальної відповіді та органною дисфункцією
Authors: Petrushenko V.V. , Stoliarchuk O.V.
Published: August 2016

Обстежено 129 хворих на гострий панкреатит. Досліджено показники інтенсивності вільнорадикального окислення, перекисного окислення ліпідів, антиоксидантної активності плазми крові, тяжкість проявів синдрому системної запальної відповіді та органної дисфункції/недостатності залежно від наявності в комплексі інтенсивної терапії препаратів з антиоксидантною та антигіпоксантною активністю. Виявлено, що зростання тяжкості синдрому системної запальної відповіді асоціюється з підвищенням вмісту маркерів оксидативного стресу в сироватці крові. Включення антиоксидантів (мексидол, аскорбінова кислота) в інтенсивну терапію пацієнтів із гострим панкреатитом дозволяє знизити ступінь проявів оксидативного стресу, сприяє зменшенню проявів синдрому системної запальної відповіді та частоти органних дисфункцій.
Вплив метформіну на показники тиреоїдної панелі, вуглеводний та ліпідний обмін у хворих на дифузний токсичний зоб та інсулінорезистентність
Authors: Lishchuk O.Z.
Published: August 2016

Метою дослідження було вивчення впливу метформіну на показники тиреоїдних гормонів, вуглеводного та ліпідного обміну хворих з дифузним токсичним зобом та наявною інсулінорезистентністю. У статті наводяться результати дослідження, у якому взяв участь 21 хворий з дифузним токсичним зобом. Лікування проводили у два етапи по 3 місяці кожен. На першому етапі усі пацієнти отримували тиреостатичну терапію тирозолом, а на другому етапі з метою корекції інсулінорезистентності додатково було призначено метформін. Отримані результати свідчать на користь нормалізації індексу HOMA-IR за рахунок зниження рівня глюкози та інсуліну натще, а також деякого підвищення тиреотропного гормона та зниження вільного тироксину в межах референтних норм на тлі комбінованого лікування тирозолом з метформіном.
Гіпотиреоз і нетиреоїдні соматичні захворювання у підлітків
Authors: Sorokman T.V.
Published: August 2016

Проаналізовано структуру та взаємозв’язок порушення функції щитоподібної залози та нетиреоїдної патології у підлітків. Проведення адекватної замісної терапії гіпотиреозу, що має на меті компенсувати його прояви, сприятиме не тільки покращенню соматичного стану пацієнта, а й слугуватиме профілактикою численних органних порушень, що виникають на тлі зниженої тиреоїдної функції.
Субклинический гиперкортицизм: необходимость диагностического поиска
Authors: Kvacheniuk А.N. , Lutsenko L.А.
Published: August 2016

С учетом определенных трудностей в диагностике субклинического гиперкортицизма целью данной работы было сфокусировать внимание врачей различных специальностей на необходимости тщательного обследования пациентов с патологическими состояниями, которые могут быть проявлениями синдрома Кушинга (артериальная гипертензия, ожирение, нарушения углеводного обмена, остеопороз). Инструментом для раннего выявления субклинического гиперкортицизма является лабораторная диагностика.
Эпидемиологические аспекты сахарного диабета в г. Ташкенте на основании данных регистра
Authors: Alikhanova N.M. , Akbarov Z.S. , Ismailov S.I.
Published: August 2016

Цель исследования — анализ эпидемиологических аспектов сахарного диабета (СД) 1-го и 2-го типов в г. Ташкенте. Материалы и методы. Анализ регистра СД проведен на основании карт-регистров в г. Ташкенте. Для этого была использована унифицированная карта национального регистра, разработанная сотрудниками центра с учетом рекомендаций Европейской ассоциации по изучению СД и опыта других стран. В г. Ташкенте зарегистрировано 16 356 больных, их данные были введены в специализированную компьютерную программу и обработаны соответствующим образом. Проанализировано течение болезни и лечение состоящих на учете больных, среди которых 1225 страдали СД 1-го типа, 15 131 — СД 2-го типа. Результаты. В городе на учете состоит 1225 пациентов с СД 1-го типа, что составляет 7,5 % всей популяции с СД. Средний уровень гликемии натощак составил 10,9 ммоль/л при СД 1-го типа и 8,8 ммоль/л — при СД 2-го типа. Определение общего холестерина (ОХС) проведено лишь у 3144 (20,8 %) больных, из них у 2380 (91,4 %) уровень ОХС был более 4,8 ммоль/л. Содержание триглицеридов определяли всего у 507 (3,34 %) больных, из них у 374 (91,9 %) их уровень был более 1,7 ммоль/л. Выводы. Подавляющее большинство пациентов с СД находится в состоянии декомпенсации по показателям контроля гликемии. На сегодняшний день оказание лечебно-профилактической помощи больным СД в Ташкенте не соответствует современным критериям, в силу чего высок риск развития и прогрессирования как сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, так и хронических микрососудистых диабетических осложнений.
Роль нейтрофильных лейкоцитов в патогенезе сахарного диабета 1-го типа у человека (аналитический обзор с включением собственных данных)
Authors: Zak K.P.
Published: August 2016

Проведен анализ современной литературы и результатов собственных исследований, касающихся роли нейтрофилов в организме здорового человека и больного сахарным диабетом 1-го типа (СД‑1). Представлены последние данные о содержании, ультраструктуре и функциях (фагоцитоз, нетоз, секреция бактерицидных и иммунорегуляторных соединений) нейтрофилов крови на различных стадиях развития СД‑1, начиная с доклинического периода. Особое внимание уделено участию нейтрофилов в различных реакциях естественного и адаптивного иммунитета. Обсуждены новые данные об инфильтрации нейтрофилами экзокринной части поджелудочной железы и островков Лангерганса, а также возможность непосредственного деструктивного действия нейтрофилов на β-клетки, ставшие основанием для коррекции существующих гипотез о патогенезе СД‑1 у человека, то есть для утверждения, что в механизме возникновения СД‑1 существенную роль играют не только Т-клетки адаптивного иммунитета, но и клеточные элементы естественного иммунитета, в частности нейтрофилы.
Аутоиммунный синдром перекреста (overlap-синдром) при заболеваниях щитовидной железы — ​Terra incognita тиреоидологии
Authors: Hendeleka H.F.
Published: August 2016

Довольно частой патологией щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) являются аутоиммунные заболевания. Однако наряду с традиционными аутоиммунными заболеваниями ЩЖ — диффузным токсическим зобом, аутоиммунным тиреоидитом — в клинической практике встречаются синдромы аутоиммунного перекреста (overlap-синдромы), которые характеризуются комбинацией клинических, биохимических и серологических проявлений, свойственных нескольким заболеваниям этого органа. Термин «overlap-синдром» (синдром перекреста) означает, что у одного больного наблюдаются признаки двух различных аутоиммунных заболеваний, имеющих, вероятно, общий патогенез. Пока этиология аутоиммунных заболеваний ЩЖ остается известной не до конца, нельзя однозначно решить, является ли overlap-синдром самостоятельным заболеванием или вариантом течения того или иного аутоиммунного заболевания ЩЖ. Изучение синдрома перекреста необходимо для решения важной проблемы тиреоидологии — разработки методов лечения данной категории больных.
Роль опросников в оценке качества жизни пациентов с сахарным диабетом (обзор литературы)
Authors: Ismailov S.I. , Muminova S.U.
Published: August 2016

В настоящее время при многих хронических заболеваниях все большее значение придается исследованию качества жизни (КЖ). Сахарный диабет (СД) с учетом сложного режима контроля и лечения, а также многочисленных соматических проявлений (острых и хронических осложнений) оказывает выраженное воздействие на КЖ. В обзоре рассмотрены определения КЖ и сходных понятий, освещены основные подходы к исследованию КЖ при СД, приведен перечень наиболее часто использующихся инструментов для оценки КЖ. Существует большое количество методик для определения качества жизни. Все они могут быть разделены на две группы: неспецифические (применяемые для оценки качества жизни пациентов с любым заболеванием) и специфические (предназначенные для его изучения у пациентов, страдающих от определенного заболевания или состояния). Обширные исследования психопатологических проявлений при СД к настоящему моменту позволили сделать выводы о негативном влиянии депрессии и тревоги на КЖ, однако недостаточно изучен более широкий спектр сопутствующей СД невротической и неврозоподобной симптоматики, дискутируемым остается вопрос о ее этиологии, что препятствует разработке целенаправленных психопрофилактических и психокоррекционных программ. Cовременные исследования психосоциального аспекта КЖ пациентов с СД 1-го типа раскрывают значение и взаимосвязи множества факторов в его структуре, отражающих сложные соматопсихические и психосоматические отношения при этом заболевании. Однако пристальное внимание исследователей к интегративным показателям степени адаптированности пациентов сочетается, с одной стороны, с недостаточной изученностью более тонких и глубинных механизмов психической адаптации (и ее нарушения) к жизни с СД 1-го типа, а с другой — с недостатком исследований, основанных на комплексном подходе к изучению КЖ пациентов с СД 1-го типа, который подразумевает и комплексный, личностно-ориентированный подход к их психологическому обследованию.
Адъювантная терапия больных хроническими дерматозами с применением крема Бедан
Authors: Kutasevych Y.F. , Oliinyk I.O.
Published: August 2016

Статья посвящена проблеме лечения хронических дерматозов. Приведены данные исследования терапевтической эффективности и переносимости крема Бедан у пациентов с данной патологией. Продемонстрировано, что применение крема Бедан в комплексной терапии хронических дерматозов способствует более раннему уменьшению объективных и субъективных проявлений хронических дерматозов и наступлению клинической ремиссии. Установлена хорошая переносимость крема Бедан — его применение не сопровождалось ухудшением общего состояния кожи, раздражением кожи, аллергизацией.
Структурно-системний моніторинг інформованості різних верств населення щодо діагностики, профілактики та лікування ВІЛ/СНІДу
Authors: Shostakovych-Koretska L.R. , Cherhinets A.V. , Shostakovych H.V. , Yakunina O.M.
Published: August 2016

У роботі наведено аналіз епідеміологічної ситуації з ВІЛ/СНІДу в Дніпропетровській області, а також результати соціально-психологічного дослідження різних соціальних груп населення даного регіону. Дослі­дження проведені шляхом анкетування 99 жителів. Було виявлено, що населення Дніпропетровського регіону в цілому досить орієнтоване в більшості питань, що стосуються проблем ВІЛ/СНІДу, проте значна частина (в тому числі і медичні працівники) демонструє нетерпимість до людей, які живуть з ВІЛ. Відзначено наявність стигматизації та дискримінації, а також недостатню інформаційну активність і соціальну підтримку з боку громадських організацій, що працюють в Дніпропетровській області. Також виявлено поширення СНІДофобії у 72 % жителів міста, які прийшли на прийом у поліклініку (група А), і у 24 % медпрацівників різних спеціальностей (група Б). У свою чергу, 40 % респондентів групи А і 12 % респондентів групи Б вважають за необхідне ізоляцію ВІЛ-інфікованих від суспільства, що підтверджує недостатню інформованість населення з питань ВІЛ/СНІДу. Аналіз отриманих даних показав, що більшість ВІЛ-інфікованих громадян не вважають за необхідне навіть за наявності факторів ризику проходити обстеження на ВІЛ до появи серйозних проблем зі здоров’ям, тим самим є прихованим джерелом інфекції, що підтримує поширення ВІЛ. На це вказує той факт, що тільки у 33 % респондентів групи людей, які живуть з ВІЛ, статус інфікування виявлено саме завдяки анонімному тестуванню.
Анализ эпидемиологической ситуации по заболеваемости сифилисом в Луганской области. Двадцать лет спустя
Authors: Radionov V.H. , Radionov D.V. , Khaiminov Ye.M. , Prykhodko I.A.
Published: August 2016

Проведен анализ заболеваемости сифилисом в Луганской области за последние 20 лет. Самый высокий уровень заболеваемости отмечался в 1997 году. С 1998 г. отмечена устойчивая тенденция к снижению заболеваемости. Рост заболеваемости закономерно привел к росту случаев сифилиса у несовершеннолетних, а также раннего врожденного сифилиса. В период роста заболеваемости пре­обладали манифестные формы, при ее снижении и до конца 2013 года возрастал удельный вес скрытых форм, серорезистентности, нейро- и висцерального сифилиса.
Інтерферонотерапія гострих респіраторних вірусних інфекцій у дітей
Authors: Kuznietsov S.V. , Kopeichenko T.S.
Published: August 2016

У статті розглядаються питання лікування гострих респіраторних вірусних інфекцій у дітей, зокрема застосування інтерферонів. Підкреслено, що серед препаратів рекомбінантних інтерферонів найдоцільніше застосовувати інтерферон α-2b. Приділено увагу застосуванню та ефективності вітчизняного препарату інтерферону α-2b для інтраназального введення Назоферону.
Науково-практична конференція «Актуальні інфекційні захворювання. Клініка. Діагностика. Лікування. Профілактика»
Authors: Trykhlib V.I.
Published: August 2016

В статті наведені тези науково-практичної конференції «Актуальні інфекційні захворювання. Клініка. Діагностика. Лікування та профілактика», яка відбулася 26–27 листопада 2015 року у Києві.
Introduction
Authors: Shumar Wesley , Wright Susan
Published: August 2016

This special issue focuses on new social media in higher education and the dialectical tension they generate between knowledge as information and knowledge as a creative, social process. There is a long history of using new media in higher education, and their introduction has often been associated with a renewed social purpose for the sector. Now that new social media such as Facebook, streamed lectures, TED Talks, MOOCs, Moodle and other Content Management Systems are becoming widespread, this special issue questions their potential impact on teaching and learning in higher education. Do these media fulfil some administrators’ dream of reorganising higher education in terms of economic rationality and inexpensive reusable learning modules? Or do they open up new spaces for creativity, critical thinking and social change?
Alteration of blood glucose and hemoglobin levels in zebrafish exposed to sumithion
Authors: Ahmed SI , Zahangir MM , Haque F , Ahmmed MK , Shahjahan M
Published: August 2016

Sumithion is extensively used in the agricultural land to control brittle and larval rearing aquaculture ponds to control tiger bug. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sumithion on blood glucose and hemoglobin levels in zebrafish, Danio rerio. At first acute toxicity (96 h LC50 value 7.89 mg/L) of sumithion was determined for sexually matured zebrafish. Then the fish were exposed to four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) of sumithion for a period of 7 days. The sexual dimorphic changes in blood glucose levels were observed in the present study. In male, the blood glucose levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased in all concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/L) of sumithion compared to control (0 mg/L), while in female the blood glucose levels were significantly (P<0.05) increased only in high concentration (2.0 mg/L). Interestingly, the blood glucose level was higher in females than the males of zebrafish. The recorded hemoglobin values were significantly decreased with the increasing concentration of sumithion in both male and female. The present investigation revealed the toxic potentiality of sumithion on the zebrafish.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 216-221, 2016
From Drug-Induced Developmental Neuroapoptosis to Pediatric Anesthetic Neurotoxicity—Where Are We Now?
Authors: Creeley Catherine
Published: August 2016

The fetal and neonatal periods are critical and sensitive periods for neurodevelopment, and involve rapid brain growth in addition to natural programmed cell death (i.e., apoptosis) and synaptic pruning. Apoptosis is an important process for neurodevelopment, preventing redundant, faulty, or unused neurons from cluttering the developing brain. However, animal studies have shown massive neuronal cell death by apoptosis can also be caused by exposure to several classes of drugs, namely gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists that are commonly used in pediatric anesthesia. This form of neurotoxic insult could cause a major disruption in brain development with the potential to permanently shape behavior and cognitive ability. Evidence does suggest that psychoactive drugs alter neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity in the animal brain, which, in the human brain, may translate to permanent neurodevelopmental changes associated with long-term intellectual disability. This paper reviews the seminal animal research on drug-induced developmental apoptosis and the subsequent clinical studies that have been conducted thus far. In humans, there is growing evidence that suggests anesthetics have the potential to harm the developing brain, but the long-term outcome is not definitive and causality has not been determined. The consensus is that there is more work to be done using both animal models and human clinical studies.
Specifically Grafting Hematin on MPTS-Coated Carbon Nanotubes for Catalyzing the Oxidation of Aniline
Authors: Zheng Kunkun , Li Peng , Wu Hao , Du Mengmeng , Ji Peijun
Published: August 2016

Catalysts supported on nanomaterials have been widely investigated for the treatment of hazardous materials. This work has developed a novel method for grafting hematin on nanomaterials for catalyzing the oxidation of aniline in order to remove aniline from wastewater. Magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (M-MWCNTs) were coated with a layer formed through the hydrolysis and condensation of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTS). Hematin was specifically grafted on the MPTS-coated M-MWCNTs through thiol-alkene reaction. Hematin-MPTS-M-MWCNTs were used to catalyze the oxidation of aniline, and a high efficiency has been obtained. Consecutive use of the conjugate of hematin-MPTS-M-MWCNTs has been investigated, and the activity has been retained to a significant extent after five reaction/cleaning cycles. The result demonstrates that hematin-MPTS-M-MWCNTs are efficient for catalyzing the oxidation of aniline. The methodology for the specific grafting of hematin is of general utility, it is an easy-to-operate method and can be extended to other supports. Potentially, hematin-MPTS-based conjugates have a widespread application in catalyzing the removal of aniline from wastewater.
Endeavors in the Area of Hair Care—Chemical Aspects of Hair Care Processes and Products
Authors: Wolfram Leszek
Published: August 2016

The paper focuses on historical review of explorations and progress in the field of hair care. The descriptive theme of the survey is accompanied by references to specific investigations of the structure and physico-chemical properties of hair that are essential for evolving of novel processes and products.
Single Crystal Growth of Pure Co3+ Oxidation State Material LaSrCoO4
Authors: Guo Hanjie , Hu Zhiwei , Pi Tun-Wen , Tjeng Liu , Komarek Alexander
Published: August 2016

We report on the single crystal growth of the single-layer perovskite cobaltate LaSrCoO4 that was grown by the optical floating zone method using high oxygen pressures. Phase purity and single crystallinity were confirmed by X-ray diffraction techniques. The pure Co3+ oxidation state was confirmed by X-ray absorbtion spectroscopy measurements. A transition to a spin glass state is observed at ∼7 K in magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements.
Population Genetics of the Endemic Hawaiian Species Chrysodracon hawaiiensis and Chrysodracon auwahiensis (Asparagaceae): Insights from RAPD and ISSR Variation
Authors: Lu Pei-Luen , Yorkson Mitsuko , Morden Clifford
Published: August 2016

The genus Chrysodracon has six endemic species in the Hawaii Islands. Chrysodracon hawaiiensis is endemic to Hawaii Island and was described as a distinct species in 1980. It was listed as an endangered species on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List in 1997. This woody plant species was, at one time, common in exposed dry forests, but it became very rare due to grazing pressure and human development. The tree species Chrysodracon auwahiensis (C. auwahiensis), endemic to Maui and Molokai, still has large adult populations in dry lands of the islands, but unfortunately no regeneration from seed has been reported in those areas for many years. The two endemic species were examined using the molecular technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) to determine the genetic structure of the populations and the amount of variation. Both species possess similar genetic structure. Larger and smaller populations of both species contain similar levels of genetic diversity as determined by the number of polymorphic loci, estimated heterozygosity, and Shannon’s index of genetic diversity. Although population diversity of Chrysodracon hawaiiensis (C. hawaiiensis) is thought to have remained near pre-disturbance levels, population size continues to decline as recruitment is either absent or does not keep pace with senescence of mature plants. Conservation recommendations for both species are suggested.
Aqueous DMSO Mediated Conversion of (2-(Arylsulfonyl)vinyl)iodonium Salts to Aldehydes and Vinyl Chlorides
Authors: Zawia Eman , Moran Wesley
Published: August 2016

Vinyl(aryl)iodonium salts are useful compounds in organic synthesis but they are under-utilized and their chemistry is under-developed. Herein is described the solvolysis of some vinyl(phenyl)iodonium salts, bearing an arylsulfonyl group, in aqueous DMSO leading to aldehyde formation. This unusual process is selective and operates under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the addition of aqueous HCl and DMSO to these vinyl(aryl)iodonium salts allows their facile conversion to vinyl chlorides.
Impact of China’s Recycling Subsidy Policy in the Product Life Cycle
Authors: Chang Xiangyun , Fan Junjie , Zhao Yabing , Wu Jie
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the impact of the Chinese recycling subsidy policy (CRS-policy) on the recycling and reuse industry across the whole product life cycle. We propose a closed-loop dynamic system to illustrate the production flow and interactions among various industry and market factors. A simulation analysis is conducted using data on gas auto engines in China to evaluate the effectiveness of the CRS-policy in encouraging product recycling and reuse. Specifically, we analyze the preventative and regenerative effects of the CRS-policy, and its impact on environmental pollution and social welfare. We further investigate how market factors, including the manufacturer’s innovation environment, consumer environmental awareness and sensitivity to the subsidy, and recycling and reuse industry profit, affect the effectiveness of the CRS-policy. The study provides strong evidence of the important role of the subsidy policy in the recycling and reuse industry and offers insightful recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of the subsidy policy.
Addressing the Challenges of Hepatitis C Virus Resistance and Treatment Failure
Authors: Colpitts Che , Baumert Thomas
Published: August 2016

Chronic hepatitis C is a major cause of chronic liver disease, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) revolutionized hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment by offering genuine prospects for the first comprehensive cure of a chronic viral infection in humans. While antiviral resistance is a significant limitation for interferon-based therapies, resistance and treatment failure still appear to be present in a small fraction of patients even in state-of-the-art DAA combination therapies. Therefore, treatment failure and resistance still remain a clinical challenge for the management of patients not responding to DAAs. In this special issue of Viruses on HCV drug resistance, mechanisms of antiviral resistance for different classes of antiviral drugs are described. Furthermore, the detection and monitoring of resistance in clinical practice, the clinical impact of resistance in different patient groups and strategies to prevent and address resistance and treatment failure using complementary antiviral strategies are reviewed.
Tourist Behavior Among Foodie Activity Dimensions
Authors: Green Erin , Kline Carol , Hao Huili , Crawford Alleah
Published: August 2016

This study examines the enjoyment of food-related activities among tourists, produces a scale of foodie activity dimensions, and compares demographic characteristics and travel behavior according to their alignment with the various dimensions. Findings indicate that those with greater
enjoyment of food-related activities self-designate as a foodie. In addition, 10 food activity dimensions were produced, including Sustainable Agriculture, Adventure, Home Cooking, Trendy, and Political Activist dimensions. The results may inform which foodie activity dimensions should be
targeted through destination marketing efforts, or which food-related activities might be specifically tailored to potential tourists based on their food-related interests.
Magic Mussels: Ingredients for Improvising a Tourism Destination
Authors: Lund Katrín Anna
Published: August 2016

The article follows the foodways of mussels and explores the complex human and nonhuman entanglement their travels combine in order to uncover how a destination is improvised. Since 2010 the Museum of Sorcery of Witchcraft in North West Iceland, in a region named Strandir, has reduced
its menu to serve platters of mussels during the summer as the only main course. Hence, it is examined how mussels as ingredients have added their flavor to Strandir and continue to enact it in a special way as a destination. This is a process in which I claim that mussels as a food are localized
not in the sense that they are immobilized but rather through how they continue to move and enact Strandir as a destination in different contexts.
The Role of Food and Gastronomy in Online Travel Reviews About Agritourism Experiences
Authors: Marchiori Elena , Boegli Fabienne , Adukaite Asta , Cantoni Lorenzo
Published: August 2016

This article focuses on agritourism businesses and studies how online conversations can reveal the food and gastronomy characteristics of a tourism niche offer. The largest online platform specializing in Italian agritourism has been selected for this study, and 1,710 online travel
reviews written in Italian, English, and German have been content analyzed. Results show how the Italian agritourism dining experience is perceived by national and international guests, and what the food-related factors are that comprise the Italian agritourism experience. These results might
provide a foundation for a better understanding of how to promote the agritourism dining experience for different audiences, and what the main expectations are towards this tourism niche.
Unpacking the Okanagan Person-Marking Conundrum
Authors: Barthmaier Paul
Published: August 2016

Okanagan, a Southern Interior Salish language spoken in northern Washington state and southern British Columbia, exhibits a peculiar set of pronominal morphemes that surely are a testament to a diverse and varied history. From the outside, the pronominal markers associated with Okanagan clauses appear to be a disparate group of morphemes. A lack of formal similarity frustrates attempts to characterize them as either nominative-accusative or ergative-absolutive. Morphologically the pronominal forms appear to be the typologically rare tripartite system. Yet, speakers have little trouble using the different markers in their appropriate contexts. In what follows, I will propose an analysis of how the person marking in the language has come to have such an interesting shape. I will offer internal and external motivations that the system responded to as it evolved into its current form.
Gender Stereotype in Prosody: Japanese Interactional Particles NE and YO
Authors: Hiramoto-Sanders Mie
Published: August 2016

In this paper, I will focus on how prosody affects the interpretation of genderneutral interactional particles ne and yo in Japanese. The interactional particles are potential sites for stereotyping, and "males have flatter intonation pattern than females do in pitch range and pitch heights" (McConnell-Ginet 1983: 73). Based on these assumptions, a purpose of the paper is to find possible answers for the following research questions: I) Will gender stereotype characteristics appear on some of the most frequently used particles such as ne  or yo?  and 2) Wil female-style speech, in general, will be more emphasized than male-style speech?
Variationist Dialectology: Chain Shifts and Mergers in Yiddish
Authors: Horesh Uri
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of dialectological methodology to explain language change and account for variation. The data for this study have been extracted from The Language and Culture Atlas of Ashkenazic Jewry (LCAAT).
Harmony Drivers: No Disagreement Allowed
Authors: Pulleyblank Douglas
Published: August 2016

'Harmony' is a widely attested pattern in natural language, a configuration where within some domain all eligible anchors for some feature bear the same feature value. Typically, a harmony system exhibits a choice between two feature values. Either all anchors within some domain D bear the feature value F or all anchors within D bear the opposite value G. Depending on the theory of features and harmony, both harmonic values may be overtly specified or one may be indicated by the absence of featural specification. In exploring here the option of deriving harmony by prohibiting feature disharmony, the functional motivation is that the resetting of articulatory targets costs the grammar.
Tracing Dialect Death: The Texas German Dialect Project
Authors: Boas Hans C.
Published: August 2016

This paper reports on current efforts of the Texas German Dialect Project to record, archive, and analyze the remnants of the rapidly eroding Texas German dialect spoken in central Texas.
"Peculiar to Themselves": Idioms in the Dictionary
Authors: Munro Pamela
Published: August 2016

Some items are especially difficult to put into a dictionary, either because it is hard to decide what form of the word or phrase to enter or because it is hard to decide how to translate the chosen entry and to explain or illustrate its grammatical use. In this paper I will survey some of the problems various such expressions pose for the fieldworker constructing a bilingual dictionary of an unfamiliar target language.
Interrogatives in the Field: Imaginary Questions, Real Answers, and the Law
Authors: Pascual Esther
Published: August 2016

This paper deals with the use of imaginary or fictive questions as argumentative devices that can structure on-line discourse and reasoning in legal settings. The theoretical perspective used is the theory of conceptual integration networks or conceptual blending (Fauconnier & Turner 1996, 1998, 2002).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF ACOUSTIC WAVE PARAMETERS NEAR SOLAR ACTIVE REGIONS
Authors: Rabello-Soares M. Cristina , Bogart Richard S. , Scherrer Philip H.
Published: August 2016

In order to quantify the influence of magnetic fields on acoustic mode parameters and flows in and around active regions, we analyze the differences in the parameters in magnetically quiet regions nearby an active region (which we call “nearby regions”), compared with those of quiet regions at the same disk locations for which there are no neighboring active regions. We also compare the mode parameters in active regions with those in comparably located quiet regions. Our analysis is based on ring-diagram analysis of all active regions observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) during almost five years. We find that the frequency at which the mode amplitude changes from attenuation to amplification in the quiet nearby regions is around 4.2 mHz, in contrast to the active regions, for which it is about 5.1 mHz. This amplitude enhacement (the “acoustic halo effect”) is as large as that observed in the active regions, and has a very weak dependence on the wave propagation direction. The mode energy difference in nearby regions also changes from a deficit to an excess at around 4.2 mHz, but averages to zero over all modes. The frequency difference in nearby regions increases with increasing frequency until a point at which the frequency shifts turn over sharply, as in active regions. However, this turnover occurs around 4.9 mHz, which is significantly below the acoustic cutoff frequency. Inverting the horizontal flow parameters in the direction of the neigboring active regions, we find flows that are consistent with a model of the thermal energy flow being blocked directly below the active region.
RADIO DETECTION PROSPECTS FOR A BULGE POPULATION OF MILLISECOND PULSARS AS SUGGESTED BY FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS OF THE INNER GALAXY
Authors: Calore F. , Mauro M. Di , Donato F. , Hessels J. W. T. , Weniger C.
Published: August 2016

The dense stellar environment of the Galactic center has been proposed to host a large population of as-yet undetected millisecond pulsars (MSPs). Recently, this hypothesis has found support in an analysis of gamma-rays detected using the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi satellite, which revealed an excess of diffuse GeV photons in the inner 15 deg about the Galactic center. The excess can be interpreted as the collective emission of thousands of MSPs in the Galactic bulge, with a spherical distribution strongly peaked toward the Galactic center. In order to fully establish the MSP interpretation, it is essential to find corroborating evidence in multi-wavelength searches, most notably through the detection of radio pulsations from individual bulge MSPs. Based on globular cluster observations and gamma-ray emission from the inner Galaxy, we investigate the prospects for detecting MSPs in the Galactic bulge. While previous pulsar surveys failed to identify this population, we demonstrate that upcoming large-area surveys of this region should lead to the detection of dozens of bulge MSPs. Additionally, we show that deep targeted searches of unassociated Fermi sources should be able to detect the first few MSPs in the bulge. The prospects for these deep searches are enhanced by a tentative gamma-ray/radio correlation that we infer from high-latitude gamma-ray MSPs. Such detections would constitute the first clear discoveries of field MSPs in the Galactic bulge, with far-reaching implications for gamma-ray observations, the formation history of the central Milky Way, and strategy optimization for future deep radio pulsar surveys.
Kant juge de Voltaire
Authors: Messaoudi Abderhaman
Published: August 2016

On estime généralement que Kant n’aurait que mépris pour Voltaire comme philosophe et tout au plus du respect pour l’homme de lettres. Un réexamen des remarques de Kant sur Voltaire, disséminées dans son œuvre, permet d’éclairer sous un jour différent le rapprochement entre ces deux auteurs. Voltaire pourrait être l’esprit français qui a le plus posé de problèmes à Kant. Ses jugements évoluent et varient selon le contexte. Leur ambiguïté est à situer dans le cadre plus général de la réception de Voltaire en Allemagne et l’histoire des opinions sur les rapports de Kant à Voltaire projette un éclairage sur « l’esprit du temps » de leur formulation.
Effect of Sarcopenia on Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality After Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery
Authors: Bokshan Steven L. , Han Alex L. , DePasse J. Mason , Eltorai Adam E. M. , Marcaccio Stephen E. , Palumbo Mark A. , Daniels Alan H.
Published: August 2016

Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass associated with aging and advanced disease. This study retrospectively examined patients older than 55 years (N=46) who underwent thoracolumbar spine surgery between 2003 and 2015. Each patient's comorbidity burden was determined using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, and the Mirza Surgical Invasiveness Index was used to measure procedural complexity. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by measuring the total cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle at the L4 vertebrae using perioperative computed tomography scans. Of the 46 patients assessed, 16 were in the lowest third for L4 total psoas area (sarcopenic). Average follow-up time was 5.2 years (range, 6 days to 12.7 years). The cohort of patients with sarcopenia was significantly older than the cohort without sarcopenia (mean age, 76.4 vs 69.9 years;
P
=.01) but did not have a significantly different mean Charlson Comorbidity Index (3.3 vs 2.0;
P
=.32) or mean Mirza Surgical Invasiveness Index (7.1 vs 7.0;
P
=.49). Patients with sarcopenia had a hospital length of stay 1.7-fold longer than those without sarcopenia (8.1 vs 4.7 days;
P
=.02) and a 3-fold increase in postoperative in-hospital complications (1.2 vs 0.4;
P
=.02), and they were more likely to require discharge to a rehabilitation or nursing facility (81.2% vs 43.3%;
P
=.006). Patients with sarcopenia had a significantly lower cumulative survival (log rank=0.007). All 4 deaths occurred among patients with sarcopenia. Patients with sarcopenia have a significantly increased risk of in-hospital complications, longer length of stay, increased rates of discharge to rehabilitation facilities, and increased mortality following thoracolumbar spinal surgery, making sarcopenia a useful perioperative risk stratification tool. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(6):e1159–e1164.]
Teaching Spanish in the Digital Age
Authors: Burgo Clara
Published: August 2016

Many hybrid programs have been created in higher education institutions in the US for the last 15 years, most of them consisting of the combination of classroom instruction and an online platform. However, the flipped classroom has become very popular recently as a result of this hybrid model of instruction. The purpose of this chapter is to respond to the following questions: What is a more recommended model for teaching Spanish in the digital age? What kind of activities should we focus on, as instructors, in the classroom? What works best for students to study and practice outside of the classroom? Both models will be described with their advantages and disadvantages so that instructors can choose the one that better fits their courses.
The View from a Flipped Classroom
Authors: Trogden Bridget G.
Published: August 2016

Flipped classroom pedagogy is one that is applicable for a multitude of disciplines and for course enrollments of various sizes. The focus of this chapter is to demonstrate the pedagogical effectiveness of flipping by describing the methodologies and assignments used in a flipped Organic Chemistry I course and by assessing the performance and experiences of students in a flipped course in comparison to those in a not flipped control section. Historical data and learning outcomes of students in not flipped courses is discussed as indicators of why the flipped pedagogy was implemented. Both quantitative and qualitative data are analyzed, along with the challenges and best practices for flipping. The findings have useful implications for educators interested in flipping their own classrooms, as well as for the researchers and administrators who support them.
Like It
Authors: Morbey Mary Leigh , Sabeti Farhad Mordechai , Sengara Michelle
Published: August 2016

Social networking environments have become a ubiquitous part of the university experience. Accordingly, postsecondary institutions have started to consider the role that social networking can play in teaching and learning across academic disciplines. This case study documents findings from a 2012-2013 mixed-methods data collection in six graduate and undergraduate Digital Literacies and New Media Literacies courses at a major Canadian comprehensive university. It examines the pedagogical implications of adapting the Facebook platform for online collaboration and multimedia learning in blended courses, and offers a model of Facebook implementation for engineering and architecture education. Questions guiding the research ask: What is gained pedagogically through the use of Facebook in higher education courses? What are the pedagogical challenges encountered, and how might these be addressed? Suggestions based on observed trends are offered for the effective inclusion of Facebook as a beneficial pedagogical component in the design of e-learning platforms for higher education.
Create, Transform, and Share
Authors: Ranieri Maria , Bruni Isabella
Published: August 2016

This chapter explores the potential of mobile learning for creativity in formal and informal contexts of learning with a focus on media production and self-expression. In doing so it attempts to move beyond binary views around the nature of creativity and the role of technologies for creative learning. It presents the literature on how creativity and its relationship with technologies have been conceptualized, especially in education, and provides the theoretical underpinnings that supported the study. In particular, it refers to the Vygotskyan perspective of creativity as a transformative (social) process of culture and the self, and looks at digital technologies' affordances to reflect on their potential for learning. It describes three projects addressing young people and entailing the creation of digital artefacts through mobile devices. It highlights learners' and teachers' perspectives and shows how mobile devices can serve as cultural resources that young people may use for meaning making and transforming themselves.
Barriers and Challenges Facing Pre-Service Teachers Use of Mobile Technologies for Teaching and Learning
Authors: Burden Kevin , Hopkins Paul
Published: August 2016

This study examined the perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of pre-service teachers using the iPad for their professional learning purposes and for teaching during their school placements. The sample consisted of 117 pre-service teachers undertaking a one-year postgraduate qualification in England to gain qualified teaching status (QTS). A mixed methods design was employed to collect data using questionnaires and focus groups and the results showed how students' beliefs and attitudes, categorised as second order barriers, are significant factors in determining how effectively mobile technologies are used as a teaching and learning tool. Whilst the research literature suggests access, infrastructure and training, are diminishing as significant barriers for technology adoption, this study found that first-order barriers such as these still remain a significant challenge for pre-service teachers attempting to learn with and use mobile technologies in their practice. The article concludes with implications for practice in teacher education, theory and areas for further research.
Farmers' Access and Use of Mobile Phones for Improving the Coverage of Agricultural Extension Service
Authors: Kiberiti Boaz Stanslaus , Sanga Camilius Aloyce , Mussa Mussa , Tumbo S. D. , Mlozi Malongo R.S. , Haug Ruth
Published: August 2016

This study sought to investigate on the access and use of mobile phones for improving the coverage of agricultural extension services among farmers in the pre-harvest stages of maize value chain in Kilosa district. The study examined the use of mobile phones as a means for improving the coverage of agricultural extension services. The study adapted a cross sectional study design and a multistage sampling technique. Data were mainly collected using structured questionnaires. The results revealed that majority of respondents used mobile phones and had a positive attitude on the contribution of mobile phone in their farming business. The study results also indicated that mobile phones offered an affordable solution to farmers' information needs and information requirements. The study concluded that the use of mobile phone to communicate agricultural information depends on information needs of farmers. The study recommended that farmers need to be encouraged and supported to access and use mobile phones in their farming business.
Integration of Competing Values and Knowledge Organisational Activities in a New Model
Authors: Dastaviz Amir Hossein
Published: August 2016

In recent years, various models have been introduced in knowledge management; however, it seems that making a combination of these models can improve the performance of the models in knowledge based organisations. In this paper, two models are considered. The first one is competing values and the second one is organisational activities of knowledge management. Competing values is consisted of two exes: control and environmental interaction. The extent of control differs from high to low and the environmental interaction in the organisation varies from internal to external tendencies. These two axes form different values in the competing value model. Each organization, based on its dominated values, can trigger the organisational activities of knowledge management. This paper proposes a conceptual model that applies dominant ?competing values status and facilitates organisational activities of knowledge by integrating organisational activities of knowledge chain and competing value models. This model will enrich the knowledge management literature, especially on knowledge organisational activities, while being the basis for other researchers and authors to develop the process of organisational activities regarding organisational structure and environmental interaction.