bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variables que inciden en baja productividad en mano de obra
Authors: Angarita-Uscategui Pedro Nel , Ovallos-Manosalva Leandro
Published: December 2021

La baja productividad ha sido objeto de estudio por parte de todo tipo de industrias y empresas, especialmente en esta época donde la competencia obliga a que los niveles de productividad sean cada vez más altos, sin embrago en la industria de la construcción son pocos los estudios que en materia de este tema se hallan realizado. Referentes internacionales y nacionales concluyen que los índices de productividad en las actividades de la obra es eminente solo el 50% de la jornada es laboral. El municipio de Ocaña, Norte de Santander no es ajeno a estos estándares, sin embargo no se tienen en cuenta estos índices en la planeación de los diferentes proyectos de construcción y no se cuenta con información para conocer las variables que influyen en la baja productividad; de allí la importancia de desarrollar estudios que permitan la identificación de variables que inciden la baja productividad de las diferentes actividades de construcción en la ciudad de Ocaña y el análisis necesario para calcular los índices de productividad en nuestra región. Estas variables de estudio serán un factor fundamental para alcanzar el éxito de los proyectos.
Evaluación de los aspectos morfológicos y productivos del pez Tilapia (Oreochromis Aureus) sometido a radiación electromagnética de alta frecuencia
Authors: Armesto-Arenas Alexander , García-Quintero Carmen Liceth
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo, demostrar los posibles efectos morfológicos y productivos que puede tener la radiación de antenas WIFI sobre el pez Tilapia (Oreochromis aureus), como metodología se tomaron dos tratamientos, uno testigo y uno a prueba, sometido a radiación electromagnética por 24 horas durante 60 días, emitida por una antena wifi, de 2.4Gigahertz(GHz). Los resultados obtenidos, los individuos a prueba muestran el incremento de longitud y masa corporal que puede tener el respectivo pez en un tiempo más corto sin afectar  su pigmentación característica. Concluyendo de esta manera, que la radiación electromagnética de antena WIFI puede tener efectos sobre la parte productiva de la Tilapia
Determinación de los recursos zoogenéticos avícolas de la zona nororiental de la provincia de Ocaña
Authors: Meza-Quintero Miriam , García-Quíntero Carmen Liceth , Lobo-Jácome Ramón José
Published: December 2021

Colombia es un país privilegiado por sus riquezas naturales y por la diversidad de sus ecosistemas, lo que  ha permitido la presencia  de  gran cantidad  de   especies nativas, dentro de las cuales se encuentra  la gallina criolla “Gallus gallus domesticus”, presentando una alta variedad de fenotipos, identificándose 12 subtipos a lo largo del país. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los tipos raciales de gallina criolla presente en la zona nororiental de la provincia de Ocaña, Norte de Santander, utilizando una metodología descriptiva;  la información fue recolectada  en un formato de encuesta integrado por variables cuantitativas (zoométricas) y cualitativas, registrándose la apariencia fenotípica de las aves  a través de  un registro fotográfico. Para agrupar los individuos, se utilizó un análisis multivariado, mediante la metodología de correspondencias múltiples, en el programa estadístico STATGRAPHICS Centurión XV Versión 15.2.06,  el cual permite reunir individuos de características similares en grupos homogéneos. Concluyendo que en la zona nororiental de la Provincia  de Ocaña existen diez de los doce subtipos, establecidos en el país. Predominando los colores oscuros como el negro, negro-rojo y gris, plumaje normal, crestas simples, barbilla y orejillas rojas, tarsos, picos y piel amarilla, observándose una diferencia importante en el desarrollo del dimorfismo sexual favoreciendo al macho, mostrando animales pesados, con extremidades grandes.
Análisis de la suspensión independiente SLA posterior para autos de competición
Authors: Suárez-Castrillón Albert Miyer , Fuentes-Martínez Fabián Andrés , Suárez-Castrillón Sir Alexci
Published: December 2021

La finalidad de este estudio, es simular y analizar el diseño de una suspensión posterior de vehículos de competición, de la Serie NASCAR Sprint Cup, en cuanto a la configuración y reducción del peso a través de la utilización de herramientas computacionales, para lo cual se emplearan datos obtenidos de las bases de datos  oficiales, para conocer todas las condiciones que debe cumplir el chasis, para de estar manera estudiar la dinámica del auto (transferencia lateral y longitudinal de carga incidente sobre la suspensión posterior), donde se calcularan las cargas a las que es sometida la suspensión. Para la evaluación de  los factores dinámicos del auto (condiciones de operación, fuerzas G ́s), se empleara  el software CATIA V5R20 donde se realizará el modelo 3D de la suspensión para estudiar la cinemática (geometría) del mecanismo para analizar su comportamiento, de esta forma también mediante el uso del software se revisará cada uno los datos obtenidos en la fase de estudio y cálculo.
Estudio númerico del proceso de cocción de ladrillos al interior de un horno tipo Hoffman
Authors: Yepes-Tumay Hernando Alexander
Published: December 2021

El aumento en la demanda energética y las emisiones contaminantes, así como la dependencia de los combustibles fósiles a nivel mundial, genera la necesidad de buscar estrategias enfocadas en una mayor eficiencia y mejoramiento en los procesos de transformación energética. En este estudio se evaluó numéricamente el proceso de cocción de ladrillos al interior de un horno tipo Hoffman, utilizando un enfoque de dinámica de fluidos computacionales (CFD), analizando los campos de temperatura y los patrones fluidodinámicos al interior del proceso. Los resultados obtenidos además de analizar en detalle cómo se dan los fenómenos térmicos al interior del horno evidenciaron varios campos de estudio en los que se debe profundizar para lograr una mejora energética en la cocción de ladrillos y por tanto mayor eficiencia.
Estudio de factibilidad de un colector de energía piezoeléctrico, como implementación de tecnología limpia, aprovechando la circulación de personal en la entrada de la UFPSO
Authors: Pérez-Villegas Juan Fernando , González-Pino Albert Arley , Domínguez-Chinchilla Dayana Liceth
Published: December 2021

Encaminados a la aplicación de Energías Limpias dentro de la Universidad Francisco De Paula Santander seccional Ocaña y beneficiándose del tránsito de personas y vehículos en las instalaciones, se realiza el estudio de factibilidad para la implementación de Cerámicas y reductores de velocidad conformados con material piezoeléctrico. Se indaga sobre el costo del funcionamiento de estos elementos en distintos sectores industriales, los diferentes proveedores de estos elementos y la posibilidad de construirlo con recursos propios. Seguido a esto, se comparan los costos de adquisición de la cerámica y los reductores de velocidad con los gastos generados por el consumo de energía eléctrica utilizada por parte de la institución. Al final, los análisis realizados resaltan la disminución en la facturación del servicio de energía eléctrica utilizado por una cantidad considerable de luminarias dentro de las instalaciones de la universidad, señalando la viabilidad de la ejecución del proyecto.
Curva voltaje-tiempo en un proceso aniquilación-creación de pares vórtice-antivórtice
Authors: Barba Ortega Jose Jose , Rincón-Joya Myriam , Faúndez-Chaura Julián Alberto
Published: December 2021

En esta contribución se estudió la respuesta eléctrica de la creación-aniquilación de vórtices cinemáticos en una película superconductora en presencia de una corriente continua externa  a campo magnético nulo. La película se encuentra en contacto con diferentes tipos de materiales simulados a través del parámetro de extrapolación de deGennes ; a s u vez, posee una pequeña región metálica localizada a una distancia  del centro. Usamos la teoría de Ginzburg-Landau dependiente del tiempo para describir la variación voltaje en función del tiempo  en un proceso de creación-aniquilación de vórtices cinemáticos considerando varias posiciones del defecto metálico y del parámetro de deGennes. Nuestra investigación muestra que las corrientes críticas, amplitud y frecuencia de las oscilaciones en la curva  dependen fuertemente del parámetro de deGennes y de la posición del defecto en la muestra.
Prevalencia de resistencia de bacteria aisladas en hemocultivos, en un hospital universitario de Colombia
Authors: Duran-Lengua Marlene , Valladales-Restrepo Luis , Caraballo-Marimón Roger , Romero Martínez Geraldine , Cabarcas-Tovar Adrián , Bohórquez Moreno Cristina
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: describir la frecuencia de los microorganismos y la resistencia antibiótica de bacterias aisladas en hemocultivos de pacientes con Bacteremia, en un hospital universitario de Colombia. Métodos: Se desarrolló un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal, en individuos mayores de 18 años, en donde se describió los hemocultivos positivos, aislados en todos los servicios del Hospital Universitario del Caribe. Resultados: De los 211 hemocultivos analizados, el 53,1% fueron hombres. Los microorganismos Gram positivos corresponden a 49,8%, con una alta frecuencia de S. aureus en un 16,1%. De los microorganismos Gram negativos fue aislado E.coli en un 18%.  La resistencia a vancomicina se estableció en 4,4%. La K. pneumoniae presentó una resistencia a meropenem en un 15,3% de los casos. E.coli, P. aeruginosa y E.cloacae son sensibles a carbapénicos. Así en nuestro estudio las bacterias más frecuentemente aisladas en los hemocultivos fueron predominantemente Gram negativos, con resistencia a carbapénicos para algunas cepas de K. Pneumoniae.
El control de convencionalidad: ¿declinación de la justicia constitucional o autónomo sistema de “justicia convencional transnacional”?
Authors: Bagni Silvia
Published: December 2021

la autora analiza la doctrina del control de convencionalidad en sentido amplio, como aplicada no sólo por la Corte interamericana, sino también por otros sistemas jurídicos supranacionales, con el objetivo de entender si su naturaleza y funciones justifican su inclusión en el ámbito de estudio del Derecho constitucional, específicamente como una declinación de la justicia constitucional; o si, en cambio, es necesario elaborar un nuevo marco teórico para fundamentar tal doctrina. La autora apoya la tesis que control de convencionalidad y justicia constitucional tienen fundamentos teóricos distintos, y que se debería hablar de una autónoma disciplina de la “justicia convencional transnacional”. Para fundamentar su proposición, la autora primero analiza la recepción del Derecho internacional por parte de los ordenamientos nacionales; luego, estudia la teoría y la praxis del control de convencionalidad, enfocándose en la crítica de los presupuestos de comparabilidad y en al análisis del funcionamiento de los sistemas IDH, EDU y UE, que, cada uno con sus especificidades, aplican el control de convencionalidad. PALABRAS CLAVES: control de convencionalidad ‑ justicia constitucional ‑ ciencia jurídica – protección de derechos humanos ‑ desaplicación difusa
Ground states for critical fractional Schr\”{o}dinger-Poisson systems with vanishing potentials
Authors: Dou Xilin , he xiaoming
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with a class of fractional
Schr\”{o}dinger-Poisson system
\[\begin{cases}\displaystyle
(-\Delta )^{s}u+V(x)u-K(x)\phi
|u|^{2^*_s-3}u=a (x)f(u), &x
\in
\R^{3}\\
(-\Delta
)^{s}\phi=K(x)|u|^{2^*_s-1},
&x \in
\R^{3}\end{cases}
\]with a critical nonlocal term and multiple competing
potentials, which may decay and vanish at infinity, where $s
\in (\frac{3}{4},1)$, $ 2^*_s =
\frac{6}{3-2s}$ is the fractional critical exponent.
The problem is set on the whole space and compactness issues have to be
tackled. By employing the mountain pass theorem,
concentration-compactness principle and approximation method, the
existence of a positive ground state solution is obtained under
appropriate assumptions imposed on $V, K, a$ and $f$.
Antibiotic-associated colitis in patients with COVID-19 – from imaging to diagnosis
Authors: Vinokurov A. S. , Nikiforova M. V. , Oganesyan A. A. , Yudin A. L.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study. To identify the main CT signs of colon inflammatory in patients with COVID-19, to correlate the detected signs with clinical manifestations and therapy, as well as to assess the validity of prescribing antibacterial therapy in accordance with Temporary guidelines for the treatment of coronavirus infection.

Materials and methods. The data of CT scans of the chest and medical records were analyzed in 30 patients with confirmed coronavirus infection, in whom changes in the colon wall appeared in dynamics at the scanning level during CT. Laboratory data indicators, prescribed therapy, the presence of combined diseases were evaluated.

Results. According to CT data, in dynamics in all patients – circular thickening of the colon wall with loss of gaustration, thickening of the submucosal layer in 63,3%, in 93,3% – edema of paracolic fiber. Shifts in the laboratory parameters were noted at admission: leukocytosis in 16.6%, an increase in procalcitonin in 13,3%; leukocyturia, bacteriuria – in 20%. None of the patients had indications of abdominal symptoms at admission, in dynamics at least one abdominal/dyspeptic symptom appeared in 76,6%. Fecal analysis for C.difficile toxins was taken in 50% patients, in 60% the result is positive. All patients were prescribed antibiotics and other therapy in the first 1–3 days of hospitalization. In 53,3%, levofloxacin (per os) was prescribed in combination with protected generation III cephalosporin (intravenously).

Conclusions. Shifts in colon with C.difficile colitis in patients with COVID-19 according to CT data are highly likely to reflect the appearance of a pathological process and necessarily require a conclusion. There was a fact of irrational prescription of antibacterial therapy. Clear criteria for prescribing antibiotics against the background of immunosuppressive therapy are needed.
Microbiota and intestinal permeability as drivers of gastroenterological manifestations of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Kozlov K. V. , Ratnikova A. K. , Grinevich V. B. , Kravchuk Yu. A. , Miklush P. I.
Published: December 2021

An important area of effective control of the COVID-19 pandemic is the study of the pathogenetic features of SARSCoV-2 infection, including those based on the assessment of the state of the microbiota and intestinal permeability.

Purpose: To study the clinical features of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in patients of mild and moderate severity at the stage of hospitalization, to determine the role of intestinal permeability disorders, changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota in the formation of systemic inflammation in COVID-19 patients.

Material and methods: The study was performed in 80 patients with COVID-19, whose average age was 45 years, 19 of them had mild and 61 had moderate severity of the disease. The scope of the examination included traditional clinical, clinical and laboratory, biochemical, instrumental and radiation studies, as well as original methods for studying microbiota and intestinal permeability.

Results and conclusions: Clinical features of the course of COVID-19 were studied, clinical and biochemical features, manifestations of systemic inflammation, changes in the intestinal microbiome of patients with mild and moderate severity were identified, concentration levels of proinflammatory cytokines, insulin, fecal calprotectin and zonulin were determined, reflecting the features of intestinal permeability against the background of COVID-19. The role of intestinal permeability and microbiota as the main drivers of the development of gastroenterological manifestations of COVID-19, accompanied by a more severe course of the disease, is emphasized.
Modeling regional cooperation in the Balkans after 1999: European experiences and their application
Authors: Djukanovic Dragan , Dasic Marko
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the authors comparatively analyze the development of regional
cooperation in Europe after the Second World War and in the Western Balkans
since 1999. They compare and contrast regional cooperation in the Western
Balkans (with a particular focus on the period after 2006, when the
Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe was transformed into the Regional
Cooperation Council, and after 2014, when the Berlin Process was launched)
with similar forms of cooperation in Europe, such as the Nordic Council of
Ministers, the Visegrad Group, and the Benelux. Therefore, the authors
approach a comparative analysis of the composition of these regional forums
and their areas of cooperation with the Regional Cooperation Council, the
Southeast European Cooperation Process, and the Berlin Process. In this
regard, the authors state that there are more than obvious similarities
between regional cooperation in the Western Balkans, primarily with the
Visegrad Group, and to a significant extent with the Benelux. Regional
cooperation on the Balkan Peninsula and between the Nordic countries is
similar to a lesser extent, owing to the absence of the formation of the
Parliamentary Assembly of the Western Balkans, which was overlooked in 2013.
The authors conclude that there are numerous obstacles to establishin g more
intensive and deeper regional cooperation in the Western Balkans, the most
significant of which are the lack of a multilaterally accepted regional
identity, the different interests of regional leaders regarding its
"originality", the conflicted views of dominant opinions, and the
predominant influences of various Western actors.
Women’s health in Serbia - past, present, and future
Authors: Parapid Biljana , Kanjuh Vladimir , Kostic Vladimir , Polovina Snezana , Dinic Milan , Loncar Zlatibor , Lalic Katarina , Gojnic-Dugalic Miroslava , Nedeljkovic Milan , Lazic Branka , Milosevic Maja , Simic Dragan , Neskovic Aleksandar , Harrington Robert , Valentine Michael , Santos Volgman , Lewis Sandra , Djukic-Dejanovic Slavica , Mitchell Stephen , Bond Rachel , Waksman Ron , Alasnag Mirvat , Bairey-Merz Noel , Gaita Dan , Mischie Alexandru , Karamarkovic Nemanja , Rakic Snezana , Mrkic Mirko , Tasovac Marija , Devrnja Vuk , Bubanja Dragana , Kass Wenger
Published: December 2021

Cardiovascular and reproductive health of women have been going hand in hand since the dawn of time, yet links have been poorly studied. Still, once basis of their connections started to be established, it depended on local regional abilities and level of progressive thinking to afford women comprehensive care beyond the ?bikini medicine?. Further research identified different associations rendering more conditions sex-specific and launching therefore a slow, yet initial turn around in clinical trials? concept as the majority of global cardiovascular guidelines rely on the results of research conducted on a very modest percentage of women and even less on the women of color. Currently, the concept of women?s heart centers varies depending on the local demographics? guided needs, available logistics driven by budgeting and societal support of a broad-minded thinking environment, free of bias for everyone: from young adults questioning their gender identity, via women of reproductive age both struggling to conceive or keep working part time when healthy and line of work permits it during pregnancy, up to aging and the elderly. Using ?Investigate-Educate-Advocate-Legislate? as the four pillars of advancing cardiovascular care of women, we aimed to summarize standing of women?s health in Serbia, present ongoing projects and propose actionable solutions for the future.
Transcendental Justice Law: The Relation of Law and Justice
Authors: Zuhdi Syaifuddin
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to explain the relation between law and justice in order to realize a law that is transcendental justice. The method used is a normative method or literature study with a philosophical approach. The findings from this discussion are that justice is not only talking about benefits and harm such as the principles of justice according to Bentham and Rawls, a good law is a law that is able to represent the values of God’s justice, such as equality (egalitarianism), balance, harmonization, ta’awun (helping each other), recognizing and respecting each other’s rights and obligations, and so on, both in the text of the law, as well as in its application. On the other hand, bad law is a law that deviates(deviative) from the values of justice. This law is like a parasite that only causes damage to society. Justice and truth are not the main pattern, but power and worldly satisfaction are the pattern
Forming a Paradigm of Prophetic Law from the Perspective of Arkanul Bai’ah
Authors: Saputra Romi
Published: December 2021

The rational paradigm has long dominated the thinking of mankind in law, not to mention Indonesian legal experts and jurists. By basing a truth on the ratio, the rational paradigm assumes that reason is the only means to arrive at the goals and objectives in law. So it is not surprising that the rational paradigm brings out secularism, pluralism, liberalism, and even to atheism, because with the spirit of ratio it tries to penetrate the walls of sacredness (something that is fixed, holy, and permanent) in religion under the pretext of being critical. Therefore, a new paradigm is needed to balance this rational paradigm by developing a prophetic or transcendental paradigm. The prophetic/transcendental thought has also been developed by Kuntowijoyo, and his studies have been expanded by Indonesian scientists such as Prof. Abosori and Dr. Kelik Wardiono from Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta The prophetic paradigm as a new paradigm is still very possible to be studied and explored, so in this paper we will try to build a prophetic paradigm from the perspective of Arkanul Bai’ah which was initiated by Imam Hasan Al Bana as a charismatic ulema and recognized by the world for his knowledge. The problem in this paper is what is the form of the paradigm of prophetic law from the perspective of Arkanul Bai’ah? The research method used of research is descriptive analytical qualitative research, the approach used is a conceptual approach, while the data collection techniques come from the literature or this research is also called library research. The results of this study: ontology of prophetic law from the perspective of Arkanul Ba’iah is that the meaning of the law refers to the substance of Allah SWT (Allah Himself), so in understanding legal issues, it is obligatory to be guided by the Qur’an and Sunnah and use them as a benchmark in weighing the truth. Epistemologically, prophetic law views science and revelation as a unity that cannot be separated (integrated), when there is a conflict between revelation and reason, revelation must take precedence. Then in scientific development, it is necessary to pay attention to the framework that is tsawabit and mutaghayirat so that shari’ah and reason work according to the designation of their respective territories. And axiologically, prophetic law is useful in presenting benefit, justice, grace and wisdom.Keyword: Paradigm, Prophetic Law, arkanul bai’ah
The Right to Freedom of Express Opinions in Public Based on Pancasila
Authors: Triwahyuningsih Triwahyuningsih
Published: December 2021

Freedom to express opinions in public is a human right guaranteed by the 1945 Indonesian Constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The concept of human rights originating from the West resulted in its application often causing problems. This problem arises because the values of freedom that are generally upheld in the West are different from the specific values based on the philosophy and way of life in each country.  The purpose of this study is to describe how the freedom to express opinions in public is in accordance with the values of Pancasila ideology. This research is normative legal research with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. Using primary and secondary legal materials also analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results of the study conclude that the right to express freedom in public must be in accordance with the values of Pancasila, which is to fulfill the principle of balance between the rights and obligations of every citizen with the goal of responsible freedom being realized. Rights should not be understood only as claims on others, but also contain an obligation to respect the rights of others. Rights always have implications for obligations. All obligations, like all rights, derive from law, because all obligations are moral imperatives and all moral imperatives arise from law. Its application always upholds the values of divinity, humanity, unity, democracy and aims to realize social justice for all Indonesian people.Keywords: right of freedom, express opinion, Pancasila
fenômeno religioso na pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Andrade Ivani Coelho , Moulin Hutemberg Ervati , Nunes Isaura Christina , Bermudes Fernanda Emilia Jessuino , Almeida Lucymere Abreu , Kunzendorff Catia Novaes , Mazuco Maria Catarina Alves , Rezende Susan Gabriela de , Tavares Alexandre Camelo
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo propõe a um debate crítico sobre como algumas das noções mais centrais do espectro religioso, como luto, morte, fé e comunhão, estão sendo compreendidas e significadas no imaginário social brasileiro durante a pandemia da COVID-19. O enfoque aqui não se direciona a uma religião em específico, mas ao fenômeno religioso em si e o impacto da religião na cultura e na prática social.
Religião à brasileira
Authors: Faria Rodrigo Mendes
Published: December 2021

Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentar de uma forma sucinta, materiais bibliográficos que ressaltam a religião no Brasil; o país tem uma raiz sincrética que torna a religião nacional, por causa da sua peculiaridade, objeto de uma vasta e interessante pesquisa, mas com a ressalva de que qualquer pesquisa relacionada à religião no Brasil está longe de ser unanime e única por causa da diversificação do território nacional. Será apresentado, de uma forma resumida, pela questão da pluralidade da religião brasileira, essa pluralidade, fruto do sincretismo que é o que podemos dizer que é a base da religião brasileira até mesmo por causa das raízes dos primeiros povos do território nacional; será abordado a utilização da mídia como fonte para conquista de novos fieis por causa do seu dinamismo e grande alcance e por fim será analisado a progressiva participação dos evangélicos na política partidária.
COVID-19
Authors: Vasconcelos Henrique Mata de
Published: December 2021

O novo coronavírus, um mal que tem afligido, entre outras mazelas, a humanidade na atualidade, desencadeia uma necessidade de retornarmos ao clássico problema do mal, que pretende compreender a sua coexistência com Deus. Assim, o propósito principal deste artigo é analisar a existência da Covid-19 e a relação, o lugar de Deus com essa situação. Para tal, temos três objetivos intermediários: (1) voltar à problemática da teodiceia, (2) investigar o seu conceito de harmonia, também presente em diversas leituras da realidade e, a partir desse princípio, (3) tentar entender o lugar de Deus diante da harmonia da natureza, ao lado de suas rupturas, como o sofrimento atual. A resposta que temos não é uma explicação da realidade do mal, como uma teodiceia, mas a tradição do lamento, na qual o Deus-Trindade sofre com a humanidade.
Práticas religiosas significativas para renovação de fé e esperança em tempos comuns e pandêmicos
Authors: Silva Joana dArc Araujo
Published: December 2021

No que se refere às práticas voltadas para a saúde, observa-se uma constante influência de aspectos religiosos, seja na cura ou no tratamento das enfermidades. Nesse entendimento, nos dias atuais, a religião tem um sério desafio, pois com o surgimento de uma nova pandemia colocam em prática todas as ações de fé dos fiéis, como também de concordância das suas práticas com as observações e regras impostas pelos órgãos de saúde pública. Esse artigo é uma revisão de literatura sobre a religiosidade em período pandêmico. Serão abordados, os aspectos históricos, conceitos sobre a nova epidemia do Coronavírus no Brasil e no mundo; elencando diálogos que proporcionam o redobrar da fé para combater a pandemia em um nível espiritual; enfatizando a abordagem da mídia pode ajudar os fiéis a ficar mais próximo da religiosidade e manter sua saúde. Como conclusão, é possível perceber que ter fé e esperança são sinônimos de ações para que o ser humano possa ter religiosidade e espiritualidade enfrentar e superar desafios que são postos, renovando a fé, o enfrentamento de doença, obtendo melhorias na qualidade de vida.
Solidariedade e devoção
Authors: Oliveira Ellen Cristina dos Santos , Farias Junior Orlando Caldeira de
Published: December 2021

Pretendemos criar um diálogo entre religiosidade e a pandemia, fazendo um recorte no trecho do Caminho da Fé que abrange o município de Estiva, localizado no Sul de Minas Gerais entre a Capela de São Bento e a Capela da Santa Cruz, conhecida como a capelinha da troca. Em tempos de pandemia, retornar a essa atividade de peregrinação tendo apoio solidário de um voluntário, Luiz Carlos Marques Júnior, torna-se uma égide quando o desafio se torna árduo para quem peregrina. Essa guarida será debatida acerca da História Religiosa ligada a devoção de São Bento e a Geografia da Religião, analisando a paisagem acerca do sagrado juntamente com a as palavras do voluntário, que nos concedeu gentilmente uma entrevista.
GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Dvulit Petro , Savchuk Stepan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sosonka Iryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research is to diagnose the metrological characteristics of high-precision GNSS-observations by methods of non-classical error theory of measurements (NETM) based on Ukrainian reference stations. Methodology. We selected 72 GNSS reference stations, downloaded daily observation files from the LPI analysis center server, and created time series in the topocentric coordinate system. The duration of the time series is almost two years (March 24, 2019 - January 2, 2021). Using a specialized software package, the time series have been cleaned of offsets and breaks, seasonal effects, and the trend component has been removed. Verification of empirical distributions of errors was provided by the procedure of NETM on the recommendations offered by G. Jeffries and on the principles of hypothesis tests the theory according to Pearson's criterion. The main result of the research. It is established that the obtained time series of coordinates of reference GNSS stations do not confirm the hypothesis of their conformity to the normal Gaussian distribution law. NETM diagnostics of the accuracy of high-precision GNSS measurements, which is based on the use of confidence intervals for assessing the asymmetry and kurtosis of a significant sample, followed by the Pearson test, confirms the presence of weak, not removed from GNSS-processing, sources of systematic errors. Scientific novelty. The authors use the possibility of NETM to improve the processing of high-precision GNSS measurements and the need to take into account the sources of systematic errors. Failure to take into account certain factors creates the effect of shifting the time coordinate series, which, in turn, leads to subjective estimates of station velocity, i.e. their geodynamic interpretation. Practical significance. Research of the reasons for deviations of errors distribution from the established norms provides metrological literacy of carrying out high-precision GNSS measurements of large samples.
GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zablotskyi Fedir , Palianytsia Bohdan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kladochnyi Bohdan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Nevmerzhytska Olena ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to evaluate the accuracy of determining the wet component of zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) from GNSS-measurements and the accuracy of determining the hydrostatic component according to the Saastamoinen model in comparison with the radio sounding data as well. Zenith tropospheric delay is determined mainly by two methods - traditional, using radio sounding or using atmospheric models, such as the Saastamoinen model, and the method of GNSS measurements. Determination of the hydrostatic component of the zenith tropospheric delay was performed by radio sounding data obtained at the aerological station Praha-Libus in 2011-2013 and in 2018. Data were processed for the middle decades of January and July of each year at 0h o’clock of the Universal Time. The wet component was calculated from GNSS observations. By a significant number of radio soundings at the Praha-Libus aerological station, hydrostatic and wet components of zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) and the same number of ZTD values derived for the corresponding time intervals from GNSS measurements at the GOPE reference station were determined. The values of the wet component of ZTD were determined and compared with the corresponding data obtained from radio soundings. We found that the error of the hydrostatic component in winter does not exceed 10 mm in absolute value, and in summer it is approximately 1.5 times smaller. This is due to differences in the stratification of the troposphere and lower stratosphere in winter and summer. As for the wet component of ZTD, its errors do not exceed: in winter 15 mm, in summer – 35 mm. The resulting differences in summer have a negative sign, indicating a systematic shift, and in winter – both negative and positive. Today, there are many studies aimed at improving the accuracy of determining zenith tropospheric delay by both Ukrainian and foreign authors, but the problem of the accuracy of the hydrostatic component remains open. The study provides recommendations for further research to improve the accuracy of zenith tropospheric delay.
GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Fys Mykhailo , Litynskyi Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vivat Anatolii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Litynskyi Svyatoslav ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: December 2021

The aim. The study of formulas determination of the point coordinates by the inverse linear-angular intersection method. Previously, we investigated the possibility of using electronic total stations to control the geometric parameters of industrial buildings. The applied application of electronic total stations for high-precision measurements has been investigated as well. [Vivat, 2018]. The formula for optimal use of the device with certain accuracy characteristics relative to the measured basis is analytically proved and derived [Litynskyi, 2014]. Measurements on the basis of the II category are performed and theoretical calculations are confirmed. The possibility of achieving high accuracy in determining the segment by the method of linear-angular measurements is shown [Litynsky, 2015]. The influence of the angle value on the accuracy of determining the coordinates by the sine theorem is investigated and the possibility of optimizing the determination of coordinates by the method of inverse linear-angular serif by the formulas of cosines and sines is investigated [Litynskyi, 2019]. Method. Establishing a mathematical interconnection between measured values (distances and angles) with the required (flat coordinates of a point), differentiation and finding the minima of functions. Results.There were five formulas selected, of which six combinations had been created to calculate the increments of coordinates and to estimate their accuracy. Numerical experiments show that neither method has a significant advantage, which is supported by the results presented in the graphs and tables. It is worth noting one feature of the second method - in which it is possible to determine the increments of coordinates with an accuracy that exceeds the accuracy of measuring the sides. The possibility of optimizing the coordinate increments determination due to the choice of calculation formulas is considered. The possibility of increasing the accuracy of determination of the coordinates increments using different calculation formulas is researched. Consequently, it is suggested to optimize the choice of calculation formulas depending on the position of the desired point. The results of these studies can be used to create electronic total station or laser tracker application software in order to improve the accuracy of coordinate determination.
GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University, Kazachenko Ludmila , Kazachenko Vladyslav ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University, Zhidkova Tetyana ,   Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University
Published: December 2021

The development of exogenous processes on the Earth's surface is a large-scale problem. Due to the development of exogenous processes there are changes in the composition and structure of the earth's crust and its surface. The destruction of streets, houses and public buildings, roads and railways leads to enormous losses. To predict the development of soil degradation, erosion processes on agricultural lands, which lose annual production areas, leads to the formation of a ravine-beam system and reduces the productive amount of land owned by citizens – is a solution. The use of GIS technologies, remote sensing of the Earth and modern programming can partially solve the problem, as it is a rapid identification of areas that have undergone the process of soil degradation and possible prediction of the development of negative phenomena. The use of geodetic software, GIS, information layers of the Public cadastral map can help in the fastest finding of territories, development of the forecast of the further destructive action, development of the corresponding protective methods and their introduction. The areas with manifestations of exogenous processes - soil degradation in agricultural enterprises, where every year the area of highly fertile chernozems is lost, which leads to large losses and landslides in the forest-steppe and steppe settlements of Kharkiv region have been subject of our study. We investigated destructive processes by geodetic measurements in the territories of their manifestations, observations were carried out for 8 years. The development of exogenous processes on the Earth's surface was revealed, which was manifested in landslides in the settlements of the forest-steppe zone and degradation of agricultural lands in the steppe and forest-steppe part of Kharkiv region. The cause of the destruction of the earth's surface were factors independent of human activity. We built 3-D models of development of exogenous processes manifested in soil erosion and growth of the ravine-beam system and determined the degree of erosion after surveying and processing the results of geodetic measurements in the software Digitals. For 8 years, we made changes to the software, surveying the area and building a monitoring line. Also in the settlements on the territory of the two zones, we observed the development of landslides on the streets of the village. Milova and s. Nova Vasylivka, where there is an intensive development of exogenous processes. The use of GIS technologies and remote sensing of the Earth to monitor the development of exogenous processes simplifies the solution.
GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Babushka Andriy , Babiy Lyubov ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chetverikov Borys ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Sevruk Andriy ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

Earth remote sensing and using the satellite images play an important role when monitoring the effects of forest fires and assessing damage. Applying different methods of multispectral space images processing, we can determine the risk of fire distribution, define hot spots and determine thermal parameters, mapping the damaged areas and assess the consequences of fire. The purpose of the work is the severity assessment connected with the post-fire period on the example of the forests in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. The tasks of the study are to define the area of burned zones using space images of different time which were obtained from the Sentinel-2 satellite applying the method of a normalized burn ratio (NBR) and method of supervised classification. Space images taken from the Sentinel-2 satellite before and after the fire were the input data for the study. Copernicus Open Access Hub service is a source of images and its spatial resolution is 10 m for visible and near infrared bands of images, and 20 m for medium infrared bands of images. We used method of Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and automatically calculated the area damaged with fire. Using this index we were able to identify areas of zones after active combustion. This index uses near and middle infrared bands for the calculations. In addition, a supervised classification was performed on the study area, and signature files were created for each class. According to the results of the classification, the areas of the territories damaged by the fire were also calculated. The scientific novelty relies upon the application of a method of using the normalized combustion coefficient (NBR) and supervised classification for space images obtained before and after the fire in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. The practical significance lies in the fact that the studied methods of GIS technologies can be used to identify territories and calculate the areas of vegetation damaged by fires. These results can be used by local organizations, local governments and the Ministry of Emergency Situations to monitor the condition and to plan reforestation. The normalized burned ratio (NBR) gives possibility efficiently and operatively to define and calculate the area which were damaged by fires, that gives possibility operatively assess the consequences of such fires and estimate the damage. The normalized burned ratio allows to calculate the area of burned forest almost 2 times more accurately than the supervised classification. The calculation process itself also takes less time and does not require additional procedures (set of signatures). Supervised classification in this case gives worse accuracy, the process itself is longer, but allows to determine the area of several different classes.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Marchenko Alexander N. , Perii Serhii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pokotylo Ivan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tartachynska Zoryana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The basic goal of this study (as the first step) is to collect the appropriate set of the fundamental astronomic-geodetics parameters for their further use to obtain the components of the density distributions for the terrestrial and outer planets of the Solar system (in the time interval of more than 10 years). The initial data were adopted from several steps of the general way of the exploration of the Solar system by iterations through different spacecraft. The mechanical and geometrical parameters of the planets allow finding the solution of the inverse gravitational problem (as the second stage) in the case of the continued Gaussian density distribution for the Moon, terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) and outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune). This law of Gaussian density distribution or normal density was chosen as a partial solution of the Adams-Williamson equation and the best approximation of the piecewise radial profile of the Earth, including the PREM model based on independent seismic velocities. Such conclusion already obtained for the Earth’s was used as hypothetic in view of the approximation problem for other planets of the Solar system where we believing to get the density from the inverse gravitational problem in the case of the Gaussian density distribution for other planets because seismic information, in that case, is almost absent. Therefore, if we can find a stable solution for the inverse gravitational problem and corresponding continue Gaussian density distribution approximated with good quality of planet’s density distribution we come in this way to a stable determination of the gravitational potential energy of the terrestrial and giant planets. Moreover to the planet’s normal low, the gravitational potential energy, Dirichlet’s integral, and other planets’ parameters were derived. It should be noted that this study is considered time-independent to avoid possible time changes in the gravitational fields of the planets.
GEODYNAMICS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tretyak Kornyliy , Brusak Іvan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bubniak Іhor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zablotskyi Fedir ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

The paper analyzes the vertical displacements of the GNSS sites of civil engineering structures caused by non-tidal atmospheric loading (NTAL). The object of the study is the Dnister Hydroelectric Power Plant №1 (HPP-1) and its GNSS monitoring network. The initial data are the RINEX-files of 14 GNSS stations of the Dnister HPP-1 and 8 permanent GNSS stations within a radius of 100 km, the NTAL model downloaded from the repository of German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ for 2019-2021, and materials on the geological structure of the object. Methods include comparison and analysis of the altitude component of GNSS time series with model values of NTAL as well as interpretation of the geodynamic vertical displacements, taking into account the analysis of the geological structure. As a result, it was found that the sites of the GNSS network of the Dnister HPP-1 undergo less vertical displacements than the permanent GNSS stations within a radius of 100 km. This corresponds to the difference in thickness and density of the rocks under the GNSS sites and stations, so they undergo different elastic deformations by the same NTAL. In addition, the research detected different dynamics of vertical displacements of GNSS sites on the dam and on the river banks. It leads to cracks and deformations of concrete structures in the dam-bank contact zones. During the anomalous impact of NTAL, the altitude of even nearby sites can change if the geological structure beneath them is different. The work shows that for civil engineering structures it is necessary to apply special models to take into account NTAL deformations for high-precision engineering and geodetic measurements.