bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triple-tunable birdcage coil for frequency selection in PET/MRI systems
Authors: Nam Taewoo , Lee Eunwoo , Hernandez Daniel , Lee Jae Sung , Kim Kyoung-Nam
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The PET insert can be used with MRI systems of different magnetic field strengths; however, a radio frequency(RF) coil cannot be used with different tesla. Goal(s): Our goal is to generate uniform RF transmit magnetic fields at 3T, 7T and 11.74T MRI system using single RF coil. Approach: Based on electromagnetic(EM) simulation, we proposed a new geometry of birdcage coil, which has 6 end-rings and 4 legs for triple resonance frequencies. Results: In EM simulation, the proposed coil showed higher than 90% uniformity in the central axial plane. In bench measurement, proposed coil clearly showed triple resonance frequencies at 123.2, 297.2 and 500MHz. Impact: Our proposed RF coil, named triple tunable birdcage coil, can generate uniform RF transmitted magnetic fields in 3T, 7T and 11.74T MRI systems. Therefore, it can be used for frequency selection in PET/MRI systems.
Development of a double resonant fluorine-19 and proton coil for low-field MRI experiments
Authors: Merrouni Ibrahim Alami , Alouane Amira , Sakhi Mina , Kuhtz Joshua , Loesing Marlene , Moussavi Amir , Groebner Jens
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Our project aims to refine MRI technology for a specific clinical purpose, focusing on a double-resonant coil design. This innovation bridges knowledge gaps and enhances diagnostic precision. Goal(s): Our goal during the current semester is to create a double-resonant coil for MRI experiments on fluorine and protons. Achieving this involves circuit design and hardware construction. Approach: Our approach includes capacitor and inductor integration, two separate output channels, and the development of essential hardware for signal acquisition using a didactic low field MR system. Results: The design allows us to measure T1 and T2 relaxation times and enables us to perform imaging as well. Impact: With the coil we performed proof-of-principle fluorine and proton measurements in a didactic low MR-system. It can be used to investigate samples with 1H and 19F without moving the sample. The non-proton channel can be tuned to other x-nuclei frequencies.
Simulation Setup for Demonstrating SNR Performance of Preamplifier Decoupled versus Power Matched Receive Coils
Authors: Jepsen Rasmus , Ardenkjær-Larsen Jan , Zhurbenko Vitaliy
Published: November 2024

Motivation: While preamplifier decoupling is a widely accepted technique, based on impedance mismatching, it appears counter-intuitive and still introduces confusion in the MRI community and scientists, who are not electrical engineers by training. Goal(s): This work aims to develop a simulation setup, which clearly illustrates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in preamplifier decoupled and power matched receive coils. Approach: Circuit simulations are used to compare SNR at the output of power matched and preamplifier decoupled coils in 3T MRI systems. Results: The networks yield similar SNR, despite having significantly different input reflection coefficients; demonstrating that preamplifier decoupling and power matching approaches lead to equivalent SNR. Impact: The developed demonstrator is useful in understanding properties of preamplifier decoupling and breaking down a range of associated misconceptions. This can facilitate mastering a proper use of this decoupling method.
Improving Long-distance Surface Imaging Performance with a Cryogenic Coil
Authors: Wei Jiafu , Mo Zhiguang , Xiao Enhua , Luo Chao , Li Jiaxu , Li Ye
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The signal-to-noise ratio of high-field RF surface coils decays with distance, and we propose cryogenic coils to compensate for the SNR of MR Imaging. Goal(s): The cryogenic coil in our work aims to significantly improve the SNR of the images at long distances while guaranteeing a large imaging FOV. Approach: We design a large size RF coil and cool it down for rat imaging. Results: The experimental results show that the cryogenic coil obtained a SNR of 1.8-fold higher than a room-temperature coil and 1.1-fold higher than that of a commercial multi-channel rat coil. Impact: The designed coil can help to improve the quality of MR imaging in some scenarios where the object to be measured is far away from the RF receive coil.
A Wireless Receive Surface Coil at 1.5T
Authors: Kahraman-Agir Busra , Bansropansingh Rawish Roshan , Gosselink Mark , Klomp Dennis
Published: November 2024

Motivation: MRI is a highly preferable but also an expensive modality mainly due to 1)high operational cost, 2)staff cost, 3)long scan and preparation times. Goal(s): Reducing costs and simplifying MRI scans. Approach: A wired coil and a wireless coil which was inductively coupled to a receiver loop were compared in terms of their efficiency and SNR results. Results: On the bench, a 0.8 dB+/-0.5dB of decrease was observed in the efficiency of the wireless coil over a range of 3 cm. The SNR of the wireless coil was practically identical to the wired coil both in phantom and in vivo MR images. Impact: The efficiency obtained by a wired coil decreased by 0.8 dB when an inductively coupled wireless coil was used. Phantom and in vivo measurements show a practically identical sensitivity profile and SNR for both coils.
A low-cost setup for orientation-dependent post-mortem MRI under temperature control
Authors: Wallstein Niklas , Müller Roland , Pampel André , Möller Harald
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Systematic variation of external parameters can provide insight into whether theoretical models appropriately describe MRI contrast. Goal(s): Our goal was to develop a cost-effective setup for comprehensive temperature- and orientation-dependent relaxation and magnetization-transfer experiments in post-mortem tissue on a clinical scanner. Approach: A remotely tiltable Helmholtz coil was integrated into a thermally insulated box, where the temperature can be adjusted by a heated airflow. Results: Robust coil performance, accurate adjustment of the sample orientation relative to B0 (±1°), and stable temperature conditions (±0.5 °C) were achieved. Theoretically expected temperature dependencies of T1 and diffusivity in agarose were experimentally reproduced. Impact: Well-defined variations of the temperature (between ambient temperature and 45 °C) and sample orientation (between 0 and 90° relative to B0) in MRI experiments with small post-mortem tissue specimens were achieved on a clinical scanner with a cost-effective setup.
Reed Relay-Switched Tuning Circuit for Stretchable RF Coils in Low Field, Portable MRI
Authors: Nwigwe Alexandra , Sliwiak Monika , Straney Don , Purchase Aaron , Wald Lawrence , Stockmann Jason , Cooley Clarissa
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Portable low-field MRI opens doors for low-cost and point-of-care imaging, but comes at the expense of decreased SNR, resulting in inferior image quality. Goal(s): We aim to increase SNR with stretchable, subject-adaptable, helmet coils for low-field, portable MRI brain imaging. Specifically, a single-channel Tx/Rx volume coil for brain imaging at 72 mT. Approach: We use a flexible 3D printed former and elastic bands for stretchable coil former. To account for the coil’s variable inductance, we develop an MATLAB-controlled autotuning circuit, composed of 8 capacitor values that can be switched in/out via Reed relays. Results: We present a preliminary coil and autotuning system design. Impact: To unlock portable MRI's full potential, we must boost SNR without sacrificing portability or safety. Our solution involves stretchable RF coil caps that mold to the subject's head in conjunction with an auto-tuning system for optimal performance.
Design of a Cryogenic RF Coil Prototype for a Full Body 1.5T MRI Receive Array
Authors: Zhurbenko Vitaliy , Gosselink Mark , Voogt Ingmar , Alborahal Cezar , Hoogduin Hans , Jepsen Rasmus , Heredia Juan Diego Sanchez , Klomp Dennis
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The MRI scanning procedure often relies on close-fitting RF coils to maximize signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio and assure image quality. Such an approach impairs patient comfort and requires qualified personnel, which increases the overall costs. Goal(s): This study aims to avoid using close-fitting RF coils by integrating them in the bore of the scanner. Approach: The coil is evaluated by developing a single element cryogenic coil prototype for a wide-bore 1.5T MRI system and with simulation to evaluate SNR and decoupling. Results: Simulations indicate that the coil can achieve 15dB of preamplifier decoupling and that cooling results in a 3dB SNR improvement. Impact: Avoiding close proximity and making RF coils invisible to a patient by integrating them into a bore of an MRI scanner will positively impact operating costs. While the signal strength is reduced, SNR can be partially regained by cryogenic cooling.
A Simulation Framework for Comparison of Volumetric B1+ Mapping Methods
Authors: Kent James , Valkovič Ladislav , Dragonu Iulius , Hess Aaron
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To benefit from all the advantages that ultra-high field MRI offers, knowledge of the RF transmit field (B1+) is required. Many B1+ mapping methods have been developed, but no single method has become the ‘gold-standard’, with many sites opting for their own implementations. Goal(s): To evaluate five promising sequences and understand their sensitivity to B0, T1, flow and SNR on the accuracy and dynamic range of the measured B1+. Approach: SatTFL, Sandwich, SA2RAGE, AFI, and 3DREAM were investigated in MATLAB using open-source EPG and Bloch simulations. Results: A simulation framework to compare B1+ mapping sequences was developed. Impact: This simulation framework is beneficial for understanding the impact of various factors on the accuracy of B1+ mapping sequences and can help to inform better pulse sequence design and parameter optimisation.
Multimodal MRI Investigation of Brain Structural and Functional Changes in Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Xu Ning , wang sisi , zhang qiujuan , mao cuiping , liu chongxiao , Wei Xiaocheng , yang huajuan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are rising over years. Goal(s): Accurately and objectively evaluate the degree of brain injury and judge the prognosis of patients with mTBI. Approach: Neuropsychological assessment results, brain volume from morphological MR data, and brain functional connectivity from fMRI data were compared between 48 acute mTBI patients and 30 healthy controls. Results: Acute mTBI patients exhibit reduced volume in the right frontal lobe compared to the healthy control group, which is associated with cognitive decline. Impact: The morphological changes in the right frontal lobe observed in this study may serve as a potential biomarker for acute mTBI, offering a more objective measure for the diagnosis and treatment of brain injury in acute mTBI patients.
White and gray matter abnormalities in active young boxers after sports-related concussions
Authors: Huang Wenjing , Hu Wanjun , Ma Laiyang , Zhang Jing , Xiong Yuhui
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The neurological effects of active young boxers with sport-related concussions (SRC) are still unclear.Goal(s): To reveal the micro- and macrostructural changes in active young boxers with SRC. Approach: Using 3D-T1WI and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in young boxers with SRC (n=57) were compared to matched healthy control groups (HCs) (n=72).Results: In the gray and white matter of concussed boxers, T1WI and NODDI measures showed lower white matter volume, greater CSF and CSP, and significant white matter abnormalities than in the controls. Impact: This study demonstrated the significant effects of repeated concussions on the micro- and macrostructural in active young boxers, suggesting that we should monitor and maintain the neurological health of these athletes over the long term.
Quantitative assessment of rotator cuff injury using zero echo time magnetic resonance imaging (ZTE-MRI) in combination with Synthetic MRI
Authors: Jiang Jingyu , Chen Wen , Yu Xingyao , Xu Lin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The use of ZTE-MRI and Synthetic MRI technologies is increasing in musculoskeletal MRI, showing significant clinical symptoms in patients with limited shoulder joint mobility caused by supraspinatus tendon injuriesGoal(s): ZTE technology offers superior bone display capabilities, making it ideal for studying the relationship between CSA and AI and rotator cuff injuriesApproach: Prospective clinical study on the combined application of novel magnetic resonance technology for assessing supraspinatus tendon injuriesResults: The PLCC indicated a positive correlation between ZTE-MRI and T1WI measurements, with high consistency within and between groups. Boxplot statistics revealed a significant difference in the PD value of Synthetic-MRI quantitative values. Impact: We used advanced magnetic resonance technology and relevant parameters to assess rotator cuff injury, employing a quantitative approach for classification and providing precise reference indicators for clinical imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment.
Comparison of lesion detection performance between 3D high-resolution isotropic MRI using MIXTURE and conventional 2D-TSE in knee joints
Authors: SAKAI Takayuki , Yoneyama Masami , Zhang Shuo , Yokota Hajime , Kitsukawa Kaoru , Murayama Daichi , Ochi Shigehiro , Miyati Tosiaki
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cartilage degeneration can be evaluated non-invasively by quantitative T2 mapping MRI. However, clinical knee joint MRI requires multiple contrasts to diagnose various diseases, and T2 mapping for quantitative evaluation must be additionally performed. Goal(s): To evaluate the lesion detection performance between 2D-TSE and 3D MIXTURE in clinical knee MRI. Approach: MIXTURE is a 3D TSE that can set arbitrary echo times using the T2 preparation pulses, and enables several image contrasts and T2 mapping by acquiring at least two echo time images. Results: With regard to the lesion depiction, 3D MIXTURE and conventional 2D TSE were considered comparable with equivalent diagnostic confidence. Impact: MIXTURE can acquire morphological and quantitative images in a single scan. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the morphological images. We will clarify the diagnostic accuracy of MIXTURE by comparing it with the conventional 2D-TSE method for knee joints.
MRI of tendinopathy of the common extensor tendon and common flexor tendon and its application for injury classification
Authors: Cui Jianing , Zhang Heng , Bai Rongjie , Qian Zhanhua , Zhan Huili , Ye Wei
Published: November 2024

Motivation: We analyzed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the elbow tendons to provide information for early diagnosis and treatment. Goal(s): To analyze the injury classification of the common extensor tendon (CET) and common flexor tendon (CFT) tendinopathy by MRI. Approach: 62 patients with elbow tendinopathy as the case group and 20 healthy subject as the control group. All subjects underwent elbow MR examination. The MRI of tendinopathy were read by 2 senior radiologists independently, and the consistency was tested by the κ test. The MRI manifestations for injury classification were discussed. Results: MRI can be used to diagnose tendinopathies and classify injuries. Impact: Tendinopathy of CFT and CET of elbow joint has its characteristic MRI manifestations, indicating that MRI can be used for the diagnosis injury classification of tendinopathy. In addition, MRI can also be used for the injury classification.
Increased Cerebral Blood Flow after Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation: A Multi-delay ASL-based Study
Authors: Guo Jiahuan , Zhang Zhe , Han Hualu , Zheng Lihui , Chen Xiang , Tian Ying , Chen Shuo , Jing Jing , Zhao Xingquan
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cerebral hypoperfusion may be a major link between atrial fibrillation (AF) and neuropathologic processes. Whether catheter ablation can effectively improve cerebral perfusion needs to be evaluated by noninvasive methods. Goal(s): To assess the effects of catheter ablation on overall and regional cerebral blood perfusion in AF patients using multi-delay ASL. Approach: Multi-delay ASL was performed before and after catheter ablation to calculate arterial transit time and cerebral blood flow. Whole and regional cerebral perfusion parameters before and after ablation were characterized and compared in paroxysmal and non-paroxysmal groups. Results: Cather ablation significantly increased overall and regional cerebral blood perfusion, especially in non-paroxysmal AF. Impact: Catheter ablation can improve cerebral perfusion and maintain brain health, which should be considered even in asymptomatic patients. Multi-delay ASL can be used to evaluate and monitor cerebral perfusion in AF and help with patient screening and therapeutic strategy development.
Left ventricular blood flow characteristics in children with premature ventricular contractions by 4D flow CMR
Authors: Feng Kai , Yang Linlin , Xin Yang , Daniel Giese , Zhang Chen , Li Xiaofan , Li Yuanrui , Hou Yang , Ma Yue
Published: November 2024

Motivation: A novel imaging method was developed to diagnose children with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), thereby preventing heart failure or cardiomyopathy. Goal(s): To determine the changes in the blood flow composition of LV in children with PVCs, a free breathing 4D flow CMR was performed. The relationship of PVC load with LV function was explored. Approach: The children with PVCs underwent 24-hour dynamic ECG and CMR examination within 3 days. Thus, we determined their cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters. Results: Children with PVCs had reduced direct blood flow in LV, which showed a significant negative correlation with PVC load. Impact: In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of the left ventricular blood flow in children with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Thereafter, we elucidated the pathophysiological mechanism of PVCs, which provided the basis for clinical treatment and prognostic evaluation.
Exploring the Reliability of Compressed Sensing Cardiac MR Cine in Heart Failure: Evidence from Varied MR Field Strengths and Vendors
Authors: Ma Siying , Wang Fuyan , Zhou Junjie , Zhang Lingjie , He Chengbin , Wu Yunzhu , hu hongjie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The challenge of obtaining high-quality CMR cine images in patients with heart failure (HF) due to difficulties in breath-holding and arrhythmia. Goal(s): Explore the feasibility of utilizing compressed sensing cardiac cine with varying levels of acceleration to acquire comparable cine images in HF patients. Approach: We compare cardiac function, strain parameters, and image quality between bSSFP and CS images in both HF patients and healthy participants, utilizing MRI systems from different vendors. Results: Our findings demonstrate a high level of consistency in most cardiac function and strain parameters between the two sequences. CS cardiac cine images exhibit comparable quality to bSSFP images. Impact: This study offers prospective validation for the use of CS cardiac cine sequences in HF patients, addressing issues related to lengthy scanning durations and artifacts. It expands the eligible population for CMR scanning while optimizing image quality.
MRI tagging and feature tracking detect increased myocardial strain in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Siqin , Laghzali Oumaima , Shalikar Shahriar , Carrier Lucie , Niendorf Thoralf , Ku Min-Chi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To identify potential imaging markers for early detection of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) . Goal(s): To evaluate mechanical dysfunction in HCM mice with different genotypes representing different disease stages. Approach: Myocardial circumferential strain, radial strain, longitudinal strain, and torsion were assessed using two distinct strain assessment methods: feature tracking and tagging MRI. Results: The results showed a significant reduction in myocardial strain in severe HCM, but an intriguing trend of slight elevation was observed before a decline in strain occurred in mild HCM, highlighting the potential value of these markers in the early detection of HCM. Impact: Myocardial contractile function is significantly reduced in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, our study suggests the presence of a compensatory phase during disease progression. Early identification of myocardial contraction dysfunction is vital for prompt detection and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Incremental value of left atrial conduit strain in predicting LVr in patients with STEMI: A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study
Authors: Huo Huaibi , Li Han , Peng Xin , Jin Shiqi , Liu Ting
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Early prediction of LVr is significant for the selection of clinical treatment to improve the prognosis of STEMI patients. Goal(s): To explore whether strain markers, as derived by CMR feature tracking (CMR-FT) at the early onset of STEMI may improve the predictive certainty of LVr. Approach: 120 patients with a first reperfused STEMI were investigated prospectively within 7 days after PCI. Both LA and LV strain and strain rate were calculated using CMR-FT. Results: The reduction of LV-GLS can predict LVr independent of T2* value, and the reduction of LA-ℇe remain an independent predictor of LVr after adjusting LV-GLS and T2* value. Impact: In the present study, the reduction of LA conduit strain derived by CMR-FT at the early onset of STEMI increases the likelihood of LVr independent of T2* value and LV-GLS.
Prognostic Value of Left Atrial Strain Analysis by using CMR-FT for patients with Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Gu Xia , Chen Yu , Tang Chaohui , Wang Guokun , Li Yunling , Zhao Yanming , Lian Jianxiu , Xu Bing , Liu Shengliang , Yu Bo
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The prognostic significance of left atrial strain (LA) in acute myocarditis (AM) remains unknown. Goal(s): This study aimed to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the LA function in AM patients and explore whether LA strain parameters can predict the outcomes of AM patients. Approach: LA strain was assessed by using cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) in this study. Results: LA strain parameters were significantly impaired in AM patients with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and reservoir LA longitudinal strain was found to be an independent predictor of MACEs, with a hazard ratio per 1% increase of 0.954 (P<0.05). Impact: LA reservoir strain may serve as a useful tool to predict the adverse prognosis of AM and have the potential to guide the distant therapy of patients with acute myocarditis.
The value of left atrium in predicting reverse left ventricular remodeling in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Cui Jianing , Li Tao , Yan Fei , Liu Wenjia , Zhao Yanan , Yue Xiuzheng
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Understanding reverse left ventricular remodeling (r-LVR) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is important for patients. It is unknown whether left atrium (LA) volume and function can predict r-LVR. Goal(s): The aim of study was to evaluate the changes in left heart structure and function by performing two cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) scans and then to explore the value of LA in predicting r-LVR. Approach: A total of 105 STEMI patients were studied. The predictors of r-LVR were analyzed by logistic regression method. Results: LV end diastolic volume (LVEDV), total enhanced mass and LA reservoir strain rate were significantly predictors of r-LVR. Impact: Our study described the natural course of the left heart over time in patients with STEMI, evaluated predictors of left heart for r-LVR, and found that LA reservoir strain rate and LV longitudinal displacement had similar value for predicting r-LVR.
Highly accelerated CINE cardiac MR deep-learning image reconstruction in combination with compressed sensing: A quantitative evaluation.
Authors: Waddle Spencer , Chao Tzu-Cheng , Wang Dinghui , Ganji Sandeep , Browne Jacinta , Leiner Tim
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Deep-learning image reconstruction is promising for improving image quality and may enable higher acceleration for cardiac CINE MR. Goal(s): To investigate deep-learning-based image reconstruction for accelerating cardiac CINE MRI over compressed sensing (CS) reconstructions without affecting quantitative measures of ejection fraction. Approach: Cardiac CINE MR with CS factors 2-5 were acquired in 15 volunteers and reconstructed with one standard and two AI methods. Ejection fractions were calculated, and a subset of images were graded for image quality. Results: CS-factors did not materially affect ejection fractions (left-ventricle p=0.969, right-ventricle p=0.998). Blurring (p<0.01) and perceived SNR (p<0.01) were improved by AI reconstruction at high acceleration. Impact: Deep learning MR reconstruction reduces penalties from high acceleration in cardiac MRI CINE imaging, allowing for shorter breath-holds, shorter exams, non-compromised image quality, and preserved quantitative measurements.
Diagnostic Value of Three-Dimension Cine Enhanced Sensitivity Encoding by Static Outer-Volume Subtraction for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pu Qian , Zhang Xiaoyong , Sun Jiayu
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The two-dimensional (2D) cine balanced steady-state free precession (SSFP) sequence requires multiple breath-holds for cardiac imaging. A three-dimensional (3D) cine Enhanced sensitivity encoding (SENSE) by Static Outer-volume Subtraction (ESSOS) sequence was introduced to reduce the acquisition time. Goal(s): To explore the diagnostic value of the 3D cine sequence in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Approach: All patients with HCM were scanned for cine imaging using conventional 2D SSFP and 3D ESSOS sequences. Cardiac structure and function parameters measured by 3D cine and 2D cine were compared. Results: The 3D cine can rapidly obtain cardiac parameters with good diagnostic accuracy in patients with HCM. Impact: The 3D ESSOS cine has good diagnostic accuracy for HCM. This sequence can acquire whole-heart images in a single breath hold, greatly improving efficiency and reducing patient discomfort. It should be used to screen people at high risk for HCM.
Ventricular stroke volume is linked with thalamic volume in normal adult brains
Authors: Liu Chia-Ying , Noda Chikara , Ambale-Venkatesh Bharath , Kato Yoko , Kassai Yoshimori , Bluemke David , Lima Joao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Impaired cardiac function has been associated with cognitive deterioration. However, the correlation of cardiovascular function to cerebral structures remains unclear. Goal(s): We studied whether the ventricular function is associated with measures of subcortical volumes in a general patient population. Approach: All participants were imaged using a 3T MRI systems. Cardiac 2D SSFP CINE was acquired for cardiac function. Brain structural images were acquired using a 3D MPRAGE. Results: Among seven subcortical structures examined in 101 healthy adults, only the thalamic volume demonstrated a positive association with left ventricular stroke volume and right ventricular end diastolic volume. Impact: In healthy adults, the thalamic volume demonstrated a positive association with left and right ventricular stroke volume.
Application value of amide proton transfer imaging in differentiating benign, intermediate and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Li Pengxiang , Shang Pan , Lu Jing , Yan Youlun , Chang Longteng , Liu Rui , Ai Kai , Ma Xiaowen
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Current imaging methods for detecting tumor protein content are immature, thereby limiting early diagnosis, qualitative assessment, and post-treatment evaluation. Goal(s): Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed significantly to improvement in the management of bone and soft tissue tumors. However, the use of MRI based amide proton transfer (APT) technique to diagnose bone and soft tissue tumors remain less explored. Approach: We use APT imaging to distinguish benign, intermediate and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors. Results: APT value was different in benign, intermediate and malignant tumors. There is high sensitivity and specificity for the qualitative diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors. Impact: APT imaging can provide diagnostic basis for the qualitative diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors. However, this imaging method is interfered by many factors. Whether tumors of different tissue sources have different APT characteristics needs further study.
Detective Ability of pH in Osteosarcoma Microenvironment Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer(CEST) Imaging
Authors: Zhang ZhengJia , Zhao Lulu , Zhou Xin , Li Xiaomin , Shen Zhiwei , Huang Shan , Zhao Xiance , Ai Songtao
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The precise assessment of the efficacy of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma is important for clinical decision making, which requires the consideration of complex factors. Goal(s): In this study, we investigated the ability of ioversol chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging in detecting pH in the microenvironment of rat osteosarcoma. Approach: Assessing pH in the microenvironment of osteosarcoma using CEST imaging. Results: It was found that the lower pH value, the lower ratiometric value acquired by two different saturation power of 1μT and 3μT. Impact: In addition, CEST can detect the pH-dependent ratiometric value of tumor microenvironment non-invasively and sensitively. It is expected to become one of the methods for early evaluation of the effect of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Magnetic resonance mDixon-Quant and T2 mapping imaging study of lumbar and paravertebral muscle in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Liang Chen , Song* Lingling , Cheng Yongjun , Ai Kai , Sui He , Li Yu
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may cause changes in the patient's lumbar region, so it’s worth investigating whether AS affects the paraspinal muscles. Goal(s): To examine the changes in both the lumbar region and paraspinal muscles in AS patients, as well as any correlations between them. Approach: In this study, we utilized mDixon-Quant and T2 mapping to assess the FF and T2 values of the lumbar region and paraspinal muscles. Results: The AS group showed significantly higher FF and T2 values in the lumbar region and psoas major compared to the healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between them. Impact: This investigation has revealed a notable correlation between changes in the paravertebral muscles and the vertebral body. Clinicians will be able to perform thorough assessments of patients with AS and develop effective treatment plans.
Quantitative MRI study of skeletal muscle fat deposition in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yu Qingling , Zhou Beibei , Zhang Xinru , Qiu Qianyi , Yang Yi , Deng Kan , Zhang Zhongping , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Fat deposition in skeletal muscle plays a vital role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but it lacks assessment of muscle fat infiltration in various stages of progression. Goal(s): Quantitatively detect skeletal muscle fat content in T2DM patients with different courses and severity. Approach: We measured thigh and paravertebral muscle fat fraction (FF) in T2DM patients using the mDixon-quant sequence and analyzed its association with other ectopic fat and clinical markers. Results: The FF value of skeletal muscle in T2DM patients was significantly higher than in the healthy group and was correlated with visceral adipose tissue and the course of T2DM. Impact: Analyzing the variation in muscle fat deposition in diabetes may provide a more accurate assessment of insulin resistance, which can be utilized to guide clinical medication.
Association of MRI Findings with Paraspinal Muscles Fat Infiltration in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Hong Jingrui , Gu Heyi , Huang Yilong , He Bo , Zhang Zhenguang , Nie Lisha
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Understanding the link between paraspinal muscle changes and common causes is crucial for improving treatment approaches for chronic lower back pain (CLBP), which has diverse underlying factors. Goal(s): Assessing the relationship between MRI findings and paraspinal muscle changes in patients with CLBP. Approach: We prospectively collected lumbar spine MRI images from CLBP patients. Analyses assessed correlations and regressions between MRI findings and paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and proton density fat fraction (PDFF). Results: Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) have a significant impact on the increase in the PDFF of paraspinal muscles. Impact: This study provides valuable insights for clinicians, enabling them to implement targeted interventions for CLBP patients based on specific MRI findings and key characteristics of muscle remodeling. By improving prevention and treatment approaches.
Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and its Subtypes Using MRI and Machine Learning
Authors: Nazem-Zadeh Mohammad-Reza , Tavakoli Hosna , Rostami Reza
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The heterogeneity in schizophrenia remains poorly understood which contributes to the limited success of existing treatments and the observed variability in treatment responses. Goal(s): Our goal was to classify schizophrenia and its subtypes by using machine learning (ML) and MRI to improve understanding of the neurological basis of this schizophrenia. Approach: We applied conventional ML and feature selection methods on MRI to reach our goal. Results: We were able to distinguish schizophrenia and healthy and subtypes of schizophrenia using the combination of MRI and ML. we also showed evidences of brain dysfunctions in schizophrenia and its correlation with behaviors related to the disorderImpact: The outcomes of this study reinforce the notion that the fusion of machine learning methodologies with structural and functional neuroimaging holds the potential to unearth novel biomarkers, consequently contributing to the enhancement of diagnosis and treatment strategies for psychiatric disorders.
Disentangling disease-specific and trauma-related alterations of regional cortical intrinsic activity in post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Zhong Ruihan , Zhang Lianqing , Li Hailong , Bao Weijie , Cao Lingxiao , Gao Yingxue , Huang Xiaoqi
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Trauma can lead to plastic alterations to regional cortical intrinsic activity, and dysregulation in a normal adaption to stress could contribute to PTSD. However, few previous studies disentangled trauma-related adaptation and maladaptation related to PTSD in regional cortical intrinsic activity. Goal(s): To disentangle trauma-related and PTSD-related abnormalities in regional cortical intrinsic activity. Approach: We compared the (fraction) amplitude of low frequency fluctuations and regional homogeneity among PTSD patients, traumatized and non-traumatized subjects. Results: In all trauma-related results, we found decreased (f)ALFF in the bilateral cerebellum, inferior temporal gyrus and middle occipital gyrus was also PTSD-related. Impact: We disentangled the distinction between trauma-related and PTSD specific alteration as measured by regional cortical intrinsic activity. It suggested trauma may cause decreased (f)ALFF in cerebellum, however, severe dysfunction exceeding individul’ capabilities to cope with stress may lead to PTSD.
Aberrant functional network connectivity of cerebellar network in methamphetamine-dependent patients: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Wang Shuyuan , Li Yadi , Cheng Ping , Wang Jie , Dong Haibo , Zhou Wenhua , Liu Huifen , shen Wenwen , Wen Qingqing
Published: November 2024

Motivation: There are limited researches on functional network connectivity related to methamphetamine (MA), with existing studies predominantly focused on MA abstainers and lacking studies on the MA dependence. Goal(s): This study aims to investigate the alterations in functional connectivity within and between resting-state networks (RSNs) in MA-dependence. Approach: Using independent component analysis to acquire RSNs, calculate FCs within and between RSNs, and perform group comparison and correlation analysis. Results: The MA group presented not only decreased rs-FC within the cerebellar network, but abnormal inter-networks rs-FC, especially between the cerebellar network and multiple cerebral networks, which is also associated with the severity of psychotic symptoms. Impact: The cerebellar network of MA dependent individuals needs to be emphasized in future studies.
Conditional Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM) for Cardiac Perfusion Image Reconstruction
Authors: Liu Sizhuo , Zhao Shen , Salerno Michael
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Cardiac perfusion imposes challenges in reconstruction due to intrinsic low SNR, and large signal intensity change. Recently proposed Conditional Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) achieves exceptional performance in a broad range of inverse problems. Goal(s): To reconstruct undersampled cardiac perfusion datasets with conditional DDPM. Approach: We conduct the Langevin diffusion process on unacquired k-space data. Conditioning on the acquired data is explicitly embedded in the network structure, instead of utilizing Bayes rule to decouple learned unconditional DDPM prior information of perfusion images and MRI sensing model. Results: Our experimental results validate the good performance of conditional DDPM reconstruction for R=4 accelerated perfusion imaging. Impact: Our proposed work can help the challenging perfusion reconstruction for higher acceleration rate and benefit clinical diagnosis.
Conditional Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Quantitative Analysis of Hyperpolarized 129Xe Ventilation Imaging
Authors: Han Linxuan , Xiao Sa , Wang Cheng , Zhou Xin
Published: November 2024

Motivation: HP 129Xe MRI is remarkably beneficial for investigating structural and functional abnormalities in COPD. Typical VDP calculation methods are based on semi-automatic segmentation to quantify ventilation images, such as k-means. They are highly influenced by image noise and artificial thresholds. Goal(s): Our goal was to improve the accuracy of automatic segmentation-based VDP on different signal-to-noise ratio images with a small amount of training dataset. Approach: We proposed a conditional diffusion probabilistic model for thoracic cavity mask and ventilation mask segmentation. Results: This model can preferably segment the target mask, calculate the VDP, and maintain high robustness compared to other methods. Impact: Our proposed conditional diffusion probabilistic model can preferably automatically segment the thoracic cavity mask and ventilation mask. It can calculate a more accurate VDP, which allows physicians to better evaluate 129Xe ventilation images.
Patch-based Conditioned Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic (PC-DDPM) for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reconstruction
Authors: Huang Mengting , Nguyen-Duc Thanh , Soellradl Martin , Schmidt Daniel , Bammer Roland
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Although MRI is a powerful medical imaging technique, its utility is limited by its prolonged scan time. Since deep learning methods for reconstructing undersampled MRI haven't achieved rapid and reliable high-resolution results, we investigated diffusion models as a potential solution. Goal(s): Improve MRI reconstruction while accelerating the inference process with diffusion model. Approach: Proposed Patch-based Conditioned Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (PC-DDPM) that predicts the distribution of clean images from noisy input by conditioning on noisy patches. Results: Experiment result shows PC-DDPM outperforms U-Net, Vision Transformer, and conditioned DDPM by better reconstruction performance and shorter inference time. Impact: The implementation of patch-based conditioned DDPM for MRI reconstruction can speed up reconstruction and image acquisition while preserving the image quality. Patients could benefit from shorter scan time, and medical facilities could increase the patient throughput.
Accelerating Chemical Exchange Saturation TransferImaging using a Diffusion Model
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Xi , cui Zhuo-Xu , Wang Haifeng , Zhou Yihang , Liang Dong , Zheng Hairong , Zhu Yanjie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is slow, and rapid radial undersampling significantly compromises the image quality of CEST data. Goal(s): Our goal is to enhance the image performance of CEST reconstruction under higher radial undersampling. Approach: A diffusion model is introduced to obtain prior information from MRI data, and its performance is evaluated on CEST data under radial sampling. Results: The proposed method generated high-quality CEST source images in healthy human data, outperforming iGRASP. Impact: The proposed method has achieved rapid imaging of CEST data, providing high-quality CEST source images .
Free-running, Ferumoxytol-Enhanced Cardiac High-Dynamic-Range QSM (HDR-QSM) for Motion-resolved Myocardial Blood Volume Quantification
Authors: Huang Yuheng , Guan Xingmin , Zhang Xinheng , Malagi Archana , Yang Chia-chi , Huang Li-Ting , Li Xinqi , Yoosefian Ghazal , Christodoulou Anthony , Li Debiao , Han Hui , Dharmakumar Rohan , Yang Hsin-Jung
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Myocardial Blood Volume (MBV) is an important factor in the progression of cardiac pathologies. Goal(s): We proposed to combine a motion-resolved cardiac high-dynamic-range quantitative susceptibility mapping (HDR-QSM) approach with ferumoxytol (an iron-based intravascular contrast agent) to accurately measure myocardial blood volume (MBV). Approach: HDR-QSM was prescribed in pigs with and without AMI after ferumoxytol administration to investigate the cyclic MBV changes and infarct-induced MBV redistribution in AMI. Results: Significant MBV difference was observed between systolic and diastolic phases between healthy and infarcted hearts. Impact: Ferumoxytol-enhanced cardiac QSM has the potential to accurately quantify motion resolved MBV in healthy and diseased hearts.
REACT-MIX for simultaneous non-contrast-enhanced MR angiography and vascular calcification imaging with modified PSIR framework
Authors: Yoneyama Masami , Sakai Takayuki , Murayama Daichi , Zhang Shuo , Robison Ryan , Yokota Hajime , Van Cauteren Marc
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Visualizing vascular calcifications is crucial for atherosclerosis assessment, guiding interventions, and predicting risks. Existing MRI techniques fall short in this regard, necessitating additional time-consuming scans or resorting to CTA. Goal(s): To develop a new non-contrast, single-scan solution to simultaneously acquire MR angiography (MRA) and calcification-weighted images (CWI). Approach: We redesigned and extended the existing Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography without ContrasT (REACT) framework with different pre-pulses, termed REACT-MIX. Volunteers were used for feasibility testing, comparisons with existing techniques, and subsequent patient evaluations to assess vascular lesions. Results: Initial findings indicated good feasibility of simultaneous MRA and CWI, encouraging further clinical evaluation. Impact: REACT-MIX introduces a new approach enabling simultaneous non-contrast MR angiography and calcification-weighted imaging across a wide FOV in a single scan. It offers promise for clinical assessments of systemic atherosclerosis. Further studies are warranted to confirm its full potential.
A cine-ASL magnetic resonance method detects microvascular dysfunction in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Yoganathan Thulaciga , Martin-McNulty Baby , Schmid Florian , Kolumam Ganesh , Kober Frank , Riegler Johannes
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Addressing the challenges in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) diagnosis, the study aimed to validate cine-ASL as a precise non-invasive imaging tool. Goal(s): The study sought to explore nuanced aspects of HFpEF, enabling a better understanding of its complexities through advanced imaging techniques. Approach: Employing advanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with arterial spin labeling (cine-ASL), our study investigates longitudinally myocardial perfusion in a two-hit mouse HFpEF model. Results: Significant reductions in myocardial perfusion in a HFpEF-like mouse model revealed the technique's efficacy in capturing HFpEF-related changes. Impact: These findings highlight early coronary microcirculation impairment in HFpEF-like myocardium, shedding light on potential diagnostic biomarkers for HFpEF and paving the way for improved early diagnosis and understanding of the HFpEF pathophysiology.
Radiomics Analysis of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Images in Patients with Fabry Disease
Authors: Chiu Pao-Han , Wu Ming-Ting , Peng Jo-Hua , Pan Nai-Yu , Huang Teng-Yi , Peng Hsu-Hsia
Published: November 2024

Motivation: The assessment of clinical severity of Fabry disease (FD) is challenging. The radiomics analysis of CMR in patients with FD has not been studied. Goal(s): The aim of this study was to establish radiomics classification model by using CMR cine images to distinguish FD patients from normal volunteers. Approach: The classification model was built by linear SVM model with the top five features selected through ANOVA features selection. Results: Our model presented good performance with mean AUC of 0.88±0.03. The top 5 features were significantly different (p<0.05) between FD patients and normal volunteers. The selected radiomics features were associated with max. LVWT. Impact: Radiomics analysis of CMR cine images can be used to distinguish FD patients from normal volunteers. The radiomics features may suggest a pathological association with LV remodeling.
Free-breathing, Non-ECG Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Multitasking for the Assessment of Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Peng Pengfei , Sun Jiayu , liu qi , xu jian
Published: November 2024

Motivation: To solve the problem that cardiac magnetic resonance requires ECG gating and breath holdingGoal(s): To evaluate the feasibility of cine images acquired through cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) Multitasking and compare with those measured through multi-breath-hold bSSFP sequence in clinical settingApproach: Study design to test the hypothesis Results: Left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly different between the two sequences in both healthy volunteers and patients. Impact: Multitasking can be used to quantify the LV functions without ECG gating or breath holding in healthy volunteers and patients. Multitasking may become a replacement of bSSFP in certain conditions.
Diffusion Tensor CMR in Assessing Biventricular Myocardial Fiber Orientation: A Comparative Study with Histology in a Miniature-Swine Model
Authors: Zhu Leyi , Xu Jing , Sun Peng , Wu Zhigang , Zhao Shihua , Lu Minjie
Published: November 2024

Motivation: Diffusion tensor cardiac magnetic resonance (DT-CMR) has shown potential for non-invasive characterization of myocardial fiber orientation. Goal(s): The purpose of this study is to validate the accuracy of high-resolution DT-CMR in evaluating the arrangement of biventricular myocardial fibers in a miniature-swine model, using histological findings as the reference standard. Approach: High-resolution ex-vivo DT-CMR data of one healthy miniature-swine were acquired by a 3.0 T MRI system. Helix angles (HAs) in each segment from DT-CMR was compared with that from histology. Results: HAs evaluated by DT-CMR were closely correlated with those derived from histology (r = 0.958, P < 0.001) in 64 myocardial segments. Impact: Using histological validation in a miniature-swine model, high-resolution DT-CMR demonstrated good performance in non-invasively evaluating the arrangement of biventricular myocardial fibers. It provides histological evidence for DT-CMR to add more diagnostic and prognostic information in human cardiovascular diseases.