bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Standard for Public Library Services
Authors: Guseva E. N.
Published: December 2017

The author outlines the goals, objectives and principles of the “Model Standard for Public Library Services”, developed and approved by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation in the Year of Culture in 2014. There is given the description of the Model Standard, specified the principles of its development. There is identified the primary goal of the Model Standard, which is to enhance the cultural and educational mission of a public library. There are presented statistical data of libraries for the last five years. There are listed organizations and institutions participated in the development of the Model Standard, specified the events, where the discussionsof the Draft Model Standard took place. There are considered three areas of library activities: library as an educational center, library as an active agent in Web space, library as a custodian of cultural heritage. This document marks the beginning of the new stage of libraries development.
The Russian State Library in Figures: Abstract of Statistics
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: December 2017

The Russian State Library in Figures: Abstract of Statistics
Increase of Language and Information Competence of Migrants in Multicultural Service Operation Process: Experience of Public Libraries in Federal Republic of Germany
Authors: Boldyreva I. S.
Published: December 2017

The paper examines the experience and role of the German public libraries in the process of assisting migrants to raise the level of language and information competence. The relevance of the problem is connected with a growing crisis in the German multicultural concept and seeks to provide means of achievement via intercultural library activities. The main tasks of the public library assistance to the National Education Plan are considered. The terms “multicultural services”, “multicultural library activities” and “multicultural user” are analyzed. The attention is paid to the possibilities of mass cultural work with migrants to improve language competence as well as analyzing four main groups of reader interests which have the impact on information competence building. Such forms of intercultural library activities as library tours, formal teaching, film lectures and training in the computer classes which are used in the process of information competence of migrants are considered.
Library Outreach Activities of Trusteeship of People’s Sobriety in the Orel Province in late XIX - early XX century
Authors: Borisova O. O. , Merenkova N. A.
Published: December 2017

There is considered the experience of trusteeship of people’s sobriety in organizing free public libraries and reading rooms, in conducting educational activities in Orel province in late XIX - early XX century. Since late nineteenth century the Russian State and the Russian Orthodox Church, realizing that the main cause of alcoholism is the low level of spiritual and moral life of the nation, have joined their forces to address this problem. Together they built an integrated system of education and upbringing of people in the spirit of sobriety and piety by creating trusteeships of national sobriety. Analysis of data on the number of libraries organized by the trusteeships of people’s sobriety on the territory of the Russian Empire in 1902-1910, allows to conclude that the greatest number of the trusteeship libraries functioned in the years 1905-1906. In 1906-1909, their number decreased. Among 3915 trusteeship libraries in 1910, 70% were affiliated at different institutions, 11% were placed in specially hired premises and 19% at guardianship institutions, mainly in teahouses. In total, there are identified 128 libraries, opened by trusteeships in the Orel province. Library and educational activity of trusteeships of people’s sobriety in the Russian Empire in late XIX - early XX century gives the possibility of using the historical experience for interaction of the local governments, social movements, and libraries for the purpose of maintenance of temperance in modern conditions.
University Libraries Work with Electronic Licensed Resources in the Mirror of Users Perception
Authors: Litvinova Nataliya N.
Published: December 2017

The article analyzes the results of survey of 1357 employees of the Russian Universities. The aim of the study is to identify various aspects of use of library resources and services, as well as to reveal the degree of satisfaction with the work of libraries. The survey results are presented for the sample as a whole and by specific groups of respondents, selected by the place of work (employees of the leading and metropolitan universities) and by preferences in the use of new formats of resources (only working with electronic resources or their subset - licensed resources). It is concluded that the users highly appreciate the work of libraries in general, however demonstrate the need for improvement in the use of licensed resources: the need for the new search services, new forms of library support when using these resources and the opportunity to work with them outside of the University premises. Key words: Survey, University Libraries, Library Resources, Library Services, Electronic Resources, Licensed Resources, Leading Universities, Sociological Data, Quantitative Methods of Analysis
Automated Subject Analysis of Short Phrase by the Method of Comparison with the Bibliographic Records in E-Catalog
Authors: Kalatchikhin Vladimir Yu.
Published: December 2017

There is proposed the new method of automated subject classification in a full-sized natural rubricator, that can be applied to ultra short texts. The method is based on the use of the adopted classification decisions, borrowed from bibliographic records. The solutions found are specified by the information received from the classification system, and generalized by different ways. There are considered four options for obtaining classification decision, which differ by the number of failures and the proportion of incorrect results. There is demonstrated successful method for subject analysis of titles of works by LBC divisions. There are considered the problems of bibliographic catalogue and classification system, reducing the result. There are presented possible negative consequences of using automated classification for the quality of bibliographic catalog.
Phenomenon of Ekaterina Genieva (01.04.1946-09.07.2015)
Authors: Article Editorial
Published: December 2017

.
Inequality in mortality decreases with age: Evidence from developing countries using census data
Authors: Castro Rubén , Fajnzylber Eduardo , Fortunato Andrés
Published: December 2017

With some exceptions, studies consistently find that mortality rate ratios between the highest and lowest socioeconomic status (SES) groups are substantially larger among the young-age population, rather than the old one. This pattern is relevant for policy and research, but it has seldom been explored in populations of developing countries. In this study, eight samples in the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) that contain mortality data (El Salvador 1992, Rwanda 2002, Senegal 2002, Sierra Leone 2004, Uganda 2002, Malawi 2008, Brazil 2010, and Zambia 2010) and information about household assets are analyzed, and, using SES of equal relative size, results in seven out of eight cases are the same as those in developed societies: ratios are larger among the young age group and among men. Therefore, the ratio of mortality by relative-SES also decreases with age in several developing ones.
Inheritance: How Our Genes Change Our Lives—and Our Lives Change Our Genes
Authors: Martin Andi Celine
Published: December 2017

Dr. Sharon Moalem assures us that by the end of his book, or even by the end of this article, your entire genome, and the life it has helped shape, will never look or feel the same. Conventional wisdom dictates that our genetic destiny is fixed at conception, but Moalem's groundbreaking book shows us that the human genome is far more fluid and fascinating than most doctors and scientists ever imagined—that our genes are more of a shifting tide than a crystal ball. For better or worse, science is discovering that it is possible to accept or reject our inheritance.
Photocatalytic Activity of Phosphorene Derivatives: Coverage, Electronic, Optical and Excitonic properties
Authors: Arra Srilatha , Ramya K. R. , Babar Rohit , Kabir Mukul
Published: December 2017

In the context of two-dimensional metal-free photocatalyst, we investigate the electronic, optical and excitonic properties of phosphorene derivatives within first-principles approach. While two-dimensional phosphorene does not catalyze the complete water splitting reactions, O, S, and N coverages improve the situation drastically, and become susceptible to catalyze the complete reaction at certain coverages. We find that for all these dopants, 0.25 -- 0.5 ML coverages are thermodynamically more stable, and does not introduce midgap defect states and the composite systems remain semiconducting along with properly aligned valance and conduction bands. Further, within visible light excitation, the optical absorption remain very high 10$^5$ cm$^{-1}$ in these composite systems, and the fundamental optical anisotropy of phosphorene remains intact. We also investigate the effect of layer thickness through bilayer phosphorene with oxygen coverages. Finally we investigate the excitonic properties in these composite materials that are conducive to both redox reactions.
“Official School Improvement” in England and New Zealand: A Cautionary Comparison
Authors: Thrupp Martin
Published: December 2017

This article compares recent school improvement policy in England and New Zealand and suggests some reasons for the differences, particularly the social class contexts of the two settings. Three related issues for New Zealand school improvement are also highlighted: the continuing risk of borrowing damaging managerial and performative school improvement policies from England, the idiosyncratic nature of many school improvement initiatives, and the need to take more account of school context.
Measuring “Value Added” in New Zealand Schools
Authors: Strathdee Robert , Boustead Therese
Published: December 2017

The New Zealand Curriculum, Evaluation and Management (CEM) Centre is an educational research unit based at the University of Canterbury. It is taxed with supplying statistical measurement and analysis services for schools on the progress of their students. In particular, it provides data on the value added progress of participating schools. This article aims to situate the work of the CEM Centre in contemporary educational debates, and to inform the wider educational community about the CEM Centre’s work.
Reviewing and Rethinking Parent Support and Parent Education Opportunities in New Zealand
Authors: Duncan Judith , Bowden Chris , Smith Anne
Published: December 2017

This article examines some of our current understanding about parent support and parent education approaches. We suggest that early childhood centres in New Zealand currently undertake valuable and worthwhile parent support through their present programmes and curricula, and argue that they should be enabled to continue the key role they already play in New Zealand for family support. This review is part of a wider study undertaken for the Ministry of Social Development on early childhood centres and family resiliency.
Environmental Education: A Place in the Curriculum?
Authors: Bolstad Rachel
Published: December 2017

This article examines the place of environmental education/education for sustainable development (EE/ESD) in the school curriculum. Despite international calls for EE/ESD to form the pillar of a re-oriented approach to school curriculum, teaching, and learning, in most schools the principles of EE/ESD are poorly understood, and it occupies a marginal place in curriculum and teaching practice. This article considers the “place” of EE/ESD in the New Zealand curriculum, and the potential to align EE/ESD with a “place-based” education (PBE) approach in New Zealand schools. Current directions from the New Zealand Curriculum Project may create new possibilities for this to occur.
Kaupapa Maori Intervention in Post-Graduate Education: Ko te Pae Tawhiti Arumia Kia Tata: Seek to Bring the Distant Horizons Closer
Authors: Wilkie Margaret
Published: December 2017

Article Three of the Treaty of Waitangi promises Maori equal rights to enjoy the benefits of citizenship in Aotearoa/New Zealand, including quality education. We have had more than a century of bad news about the failure of the education system to uphold that promise. It is now, at the beginning of the 21st century, with the renaissance for Maori responding to the systemic failures by claiming and reframing the problems and implementing Maori-centred solutions, that progress is being made. Kaupapa Maori is emerging from within the Maori world itself with practical solutions that work for Maori and begin to impact positively at all levels of education, from early childhood through to post- graduate studies. This renewal has positive effects for the whole nation and potentially offers models for other minority indigenous peoples of the world to draw from and adapt for their own development.
Drawing on Discourses: Policy Actors in the Debates over the National Certificate of Educational Achievement 1996-2000
Authors: Dobric Karen
Published: December 2017

This article summarises a doctoral research project based on a theory of discourses used to throw light on a complex period of New Zealand educational history (1996-2000) when the adoption of policy for the National Certificate in Educational Achievement (NCEA) was undergoing vigorous discussion. Many layers of debate accumulated from the interaction of various sector groups, government agencies and policy actors, often invoking a very vocal media response. The approach taken was to analyse interviews with key policy actors by applying a theory of qualifications and assessment discourses to identify the ideological underpinnings of the debates over the introduction of a standards-based assessment system.
Evidence-based Educational Policy Research: Some Questions
Authors: Zepke Nick
Published: December 2017

Hotly contested debates about evidence-based educational research, policy development and practice have become a feature of the educational landscape in New Zealand as elsewhere. Advocates argue that applying scientifically established research evidence of what works is the way to improve educational quality and student outcomes. Governments in the United States, United Kingdom and New Zealand support the development of scientific evidence-based policy and practice that shows what works. Doubters are not questioning the importance of scientific research evidence. Indeed it seems untenable to deny the centrality of evidence in decision-making about what works in education. Rather, sceptics and opponents question meanings of key terms like “science”, “evidence” and “quality”. They question the politics behind evidence-based research, assumptions about the nature of evidence, science and research methodology and whether research that aims to provide universal answers actually works. This article canvasses these questions. Written from a sceptical perspective, it draws on experiences from the United States, the United Kingdom and New Zealand.
Evaluating Quality in Educational Research: Issues and Challenges of the PBRF
Authors: Alcorn Noeline
Published: December 2017

This article argues that we, as a community of educational researchers, should take up the challenge posed by Hattie (2005) to create a robust public debate about what constitutes quality in educational research. It also identifies specific issues that warrant urgent attention. The paper outlines the methodology used within the Performance-Based Research Fund (PBRF), in particular with regard to its Education Sector ratings, and goes on to discuss ways of raising achievement and increasing capacity. A major concern is to enhance the status of applied or practice-based research and to foster discussion of appropriate ways to evaluate and assess its impact and ethical basis, without losing sight of the need for clarity and rigour. The article calls for education academics to engage in the debate over this evaluation not just for the sake of raising ratings but in the interests of greater understanding and recognition of the purpose and processes of educational research more generally.
Transcending Monocultural Life Experiences for Pakeha Trainee Teachers
Authors: Hogg Linda
Published: December 2017

As New Zealand society becomes increasingly diverse, teachers remain a relatively homogenous group. It is important for teacher training to help prospective Pakeha teachers to transcend monocultural life experiences, to support their development as effective multicultural educators. International research evidences the lack of self-awareness which monocultural life experience can create, resulting in unconscious and unintended intolerance towards other perspectives and values. This article reviews three selected training strategies: teaching experience, case method and interactive performance, in relation to their potential in addressing this issue. It concludes by discussing implications for teacher training institutions and future research.
Achieving Equity for Māori Children in Reading by 2020
Authors: Nicholson Tom
Published: December 2017

One of the biggest challenges in this country is to raise Māori achievement in literacy. Māori are the first nation, and it seems unjust that their literacy levels are not on a par with those of Pakeha despite massive efforts to close this gap. In this review it will be argued that Māori children in New Zealand fail to receive a "fair deal" (equity) in learning to read for a number of reasons, but primarily because our schools employ the wrong method of teaching reading. They do not receive a fair deal in other curriculum areas as well, possibly because the same philosophical assumptions about learning that drive our present teaching of reading are also prominent in other subject areas such as science and mathematics (see Matthews, 1995). However, this review will restrict its attention to reading.
Teaching to investigate in Year 11 science, constrained by assessment
Authors: Moeed Azra
Published: December 2017

School science learning aims to engage students into understanding science concepts, developing procedural understanding, and an understanding of the nature of science. In recent times, teachers of senior science in New Zealand have had to adapt to two significant systemic policy changes that have impacted on their practice. The first was a new curriculum that required the teaching of science investigation and the second, internal assessment of science investigation for National Certificate of Educational Assessment (NCEA). This paper presents findings of research that investigated the case of science investigation from the teachers’ perspective. The data were collected through questionnaire, interviews and classroom observations. The findings suggest that teachers changed their practice of teaching science investigation in response to the change in assessment of policy. The consequence of this change led to students being trained to mostly learning a fair testing type of investigation to gain NCEA credits and grades.
Funds of Knowledge: An examination of theoretical frameworks
Authors: Hogg Linda
Published: December 2017

This review of funds of knowledge (FoK) literature relating to school settings analysed the conceptual bases reported in fifty texts. Findings reveal diverse theoretical frameworks, including socio-cultural learning theory, critical theory, hybridity theory, systems theory, and the difference theory of caring. Findings regarding links between key theories and the FoK concept are presented. The paper relates FoK work to social justice issues in New Zealand schooling, and discusses issues arising from the diverse theoretical frameworks within which FoK work is situated. Identification of theoretical frameworks is recommended to enhance richness, depth of thinking, and opportunities for transformation in future discourse.
The Chinese learner in the New Zealand university environment
Authors: Tait Carolyn
Published: December 2017

There are increasing numbers of Chinese students in New Zealand tertiary institutions. These students are challenged to adjust to new learning environments but, at the same time, staff are challenged to adjust to their teaching to include these students. The Student Approaches to Learning (SAL) theory provides a means to consider literature that is relevant in understanding the motives and strategies that these students bring to New Zealand and the process of change in a new learning environment. This knowledge may allow tertiary educators to consider their role in facilitating desirable approaches to learning in diverse student groups.
The radio narratives of Walter Benjamin: teaching of cultural history and political formation
Authors: Da Silva Andréa Giordanna Araujo
Published: December 2017

The article presents a preliminary reflection of the pedagogical contentsmanifested in the narratives that compose the work “Children's Hour: Walter Benjamin's radio narratives”. The production brings together a set of 30 radio lectures produced between the years 1927 and 1932, when the author presented, in two German radios, educational-cultural transmissions intended for children. The compilation was divided, for analysis, into three thematic groups: social and environmental accidents, history and culture of marginalized subjects and other topics. The study made it possible to identify the approach of the concept of experience, developed in the texts “Experience” (1913) and“Experience and Poverty” (1933), of the themes selected for pedagogical-radio work with children in the context of foundation of the totalitarian government.
Una aproximación a Wikipedia como polisistema cultural
Authors: Alonso-Jiménez Elisa
Published: December 2017

En el presente trabajo, de naturaleza cualitativa e interpretativa, se abordan los alcances culturales de Wikipedia desde una aproximación transdisciplinar. Para ello, se analiza la literatura existente centrada en Wikipedia, procedente de medios de comunicación generalistas y de distintas disciplinas académicas (inteligencia artificial, ciencias de la información, educación y estudios de traducción). En dichos trabajos, fundamentalmente de naturaleza descriptiva, empírica y pragmática, se alude a Wikipedia como enciclopedia colaborativa en línea que aúna mecanismos de creación de contenido y de innovación procedentes del software libre. Nuestra propuesta reclama la pertinencia de recurrir a trabajos teóricos que contemplen la dimensión cultural de Wikipedia. Desde una aproximación semiótica, basamos nuestra hipótesis de análisis en el imaginario social de Vázquez Medel y la Teoría de los polisistemas de Even-Zohar, en los que encontramos claves para la consideración de Wikipedia como sistema cultural, en tanto que repositorio de conocimiento y relaciones humanas.
Idealtipos y modelación: bases epistémicas contra “verdades universalistas” sobre el calentamiento climático
Authors: Arellano-Hernández Antonio
Published: December 2017

En este texto nos proponemos analizar las posibilidades epistémicas de los idealtipos para emplear su significación en la práctica de modelación numérica climática; sostendremos que los conceptos científicos y particularmente los modelos y aún más los modelos climáticos deben tener el estatuto epistémico de idealtipos. El plan consiste en traducir el tema metodológico del idealtipo con el de la modelación numérica del clima para intentar avanzar una propuesta que depotencie las pretensiones universalistas de las acuñaciones cognoscitivas de la ciencia contemporánea y en particular de la modelación climática, para que sea factible establecer un mecanismo de autocontrol científico que sintetice explicaciones subjetivas y procesos de validación objetiva. A partir de estas reflexiones, consideramos que sería adecuado que los modeladores y sus instituciones asumieran la modelación climática, guardando un espacio de autocontrol científico que permita aperturas epistemológicas en lugar de imposibles tareas nomológicas concluyentes sobre el calentamiento climático.
Deportación y violación de los derechos del migrante en ambas fronteras
Authors: Guerrero-Ortiz Martha , Jaramillo-Cardona Martha Cecilia
Published: December 2017

Diversos organismos internacionales y nacionales consideran la crisis económica estadounidense como la que ha provocado una caída significativa en los flujos migratorios desde y a través de México hacia Estados Unidos durante 2009, al mismo tiempo que también se han incrementado de forma considerable no sólo las deportaciones de los inmigrantes, sino el maltrato de que son objeto. En este sentido, el trabajo aquí presente analiza los motivos que originaron la deportación de los migrantes procedentes de los distintos lugares de Estados Unidos hacia México, y la forma en que éstos son maltratados y violentados dentro del territorio mexicano, y no únicamente por parte de las autoridades municipales, federales y de migración, sino por los diferentes actores que intervienen en estos procesos migratorios como los llamados “coyotes” que terminan vulnerando los derechos humanos de los migrantes.
Social Movement Discourses and Conditions of Possibility in Bolivia and Mexico
Authors: Domínguez J. Carlos
Published: December 2017

This work presents a comparative analysis of two Latin American social movements. The first case is the movement of opposition against the privatisation of water and sanitation services (ESS) in Cochabamba, Bolivia in 2000 and the second case is the movement of opposition against the project for a new international airport in Mexico City between 2001 and 2002. Both case studies illustrate how the study of collective discourses or collective action frames (CAFs) can be used to improve our understanding of social movements that emerge in the context of large infrastructure projects. The work argues that an important determinant in the development and life-span of a social movement is the extent to which the dialogical relation between collective discourses and processes of identity formation at the micro sociological level is allowed or hampered by other contextual and organisational variables.
Artificial neural network (ANN) approach to predicting micro hardness profile values of iron-based sintered alloys
Authors: Mincheva Desislava Yordanova , Antonov Georgi Stefanov
Published: December 2017

Recent interest in artificial neural networks has considerably extended their use in the field of powder metallurgy. Advanced in the paper is a model for predicting the micro hardness of sintered compacts made from iron powders and powder mixtures through the process of sintering performed in different atmospheres. The proposed model is based on three layer neural network with backpropagation learning algorithm. Specially developed software has been used to provide for the proper functioning of the neural network. Moreover, it should also be noted that the training data used to carry out the research has been collected by a laboratory controlled experimental testing. Finally, the paper concludes that the presented neural network model is applicable for hardness profile prediction of iron-based sintered alloys as confirmed by the experimental results.
Angústia global e transcrição local: sobre uma casa tech no Complexo do Alemão
Authors: Maia João Luis , Rossi Morelato Rodrigo
Published: December 2017

Neste trabalho exploramos como a criatividade popular é capaz de realizar uma transcrição local de questões que permeiam o imaginário contemporâneo tendo como linha condutora as questões ligadas ao meio-ambiente e focando na casa de Dona Josefa, localizada no Morro da Esperança, Complexo do Alemão, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Partimos da banalidade do cotidiano evidenciada pela sociologia contemporânea para resgatar parte da história cultural da cidade, sobretudo no que tange a apropriação de suas águas, cujos usos podem ser entendidos enquanto vetores comunicacionais e culturais desenvolvidos por uma comunidade emocional: os verdejantes.
Os palcos efêmeros da cidade: arte de rua, regulação e disputa pelos espaços públicos urbanos em Montreal e no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Reia Jhessica Francielli
Published: December 2017

Analisar a arte de rua e os mecanismos que a controlam nos permite entender melhor as cidades contemporâneas. Justamente por ocupar um lugar que é muitas vezes marginal e contestado, os artistas de rua e suas táticas de sobrevivência e legitimação expõem dinâmicas de poder, políticas culturais questionáveis, dificuldades de acesso aos espaços públicos, disputa pelo direito à cidade e observância das leis. As tentativas de regular a arte de rua podem nos dizer muito sobre determinados momentos históricos, as disputas da/na/pela cidade e, ainda, como as pessoas vivem juntas em ambientes urbanos complexos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é discutir brevemente como a arte de rua – enquanto prática comunicacional – pode evidenciar as disputas pela cidade. Apresenta-se aqui uma abordagem interdisciplinar, com foco na regulação da arte de rua e dos espaços públicos em que elas acontecem, com base em pesquisa de campo realizada em duas cidades: Rio de Janeiro e Montreal.
Das mediações às latências: Etnocentrismo e poder na apropriação de Jogos Vorazes no Brasil
Authors: Pires Julherme José , Maldonado Gómez de la Torre Alberto Efendy
Published: December 2017

A problemática do sujeito em processos de comunicação está cada vez mais complexa para a compreensão do campo científico. Este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar uma experiência transdisciplinar de pesquisa, que encontrou na articulação entre os conceitos de mediação, de Jesús Martín-Barbero, e de latência, de Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, uma fonte metodológica fecunda. Notamos, em campo, que os sujeitos atribuem sentidos da narrativa a terceiros, espaços e tempos imaginados que se realocam diante de suas próprias experiências de vida. Essas relações dão a ver mediações presentes no processo comunicativo e latências que permanecem ocultas, mas que formulam concepções e modos de vida. Nossa abordagem se dá partir da presença da série transmidiática Jogos Vorazes no Brasil, um caso exemplar de como narrativas nortenhas constrangem outras culturas, num espectro de etnocentrismo.
Gluten-Free Rome: Celiac disease in the bioarchaeological record
Authors: Simpson Rachel
Published: December 2017

Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder triggered by consumption of the gluten protein, is theorized to have originated alongside the domestication of wheat during the European Agricultural Revolution, ca. 8 000 BCE (Freeman 2013). Human conditions that primarily affect soft tissue, like celiac disease, do not leave tangible evidence on the skeleton and therefore it is difficult to prove their presence. However, recent analyses have employed a suite of macroscopic, molecular, and chemical techniques to establish that a Roman Imperial (100–300 CE) individual from Cosa, Italy, likely suffered from celiac disease. This paper analyzes the works of these researchers and argues that this case study exemplifies modern bioarchaeology, which frequently requires an arsenal of methods beyond visual observation. Using similar syntheses of techniques bioarchaeologists can possibly identify celiac disease in individuals predating 100 CE, recreating the origins of celiac disease as well as tackling other previously ‘impossible’ research questions in this field.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANGTUA DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DAN IMPLIKINYA TERHADAP PELAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING
Authors: Karnangsyah Emi
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this research is to know the result of learning the student, the pattern to take care of the parent, and relation between the pattern of taking care of the parent with result of learning the student its implication to guidance and counseling in SMP Negeri 36 Sarolangun. The research is conducted with correlation descriptive method, that is one research to look for relation between on variable  with other variable  and then the data  or information is elaborated by using approach of quantitative, that is correlating between the pattern take care of parent and result the learning the student. The Result of this research that are: (1) the result of learning SMP Negeri 36 Sarolangun  on the part  of is, (2) The  pattern take  care of  SMP Negeri  36  Sarolangun as following: The authoritative parenting reside in high categories, the uninvolved reside high categories. The based on this research that researcher have found. This can be know that the relation which between the pattern take care with result of learning the student.
PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS IV SDN 08 MARUNGGI KOTA PARIAMAN
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni
Published: December 2017

This study is encouraged by the low learning achievement of students grade IV SDN 08 Marunggi in social subject. This study is aimed to improve students’ learning achievement in social subject through implementation of problem based learning model. This is a classroom action research with 32 students of grade IV at SDN 08 Marunggi as the subjects. Instruments of this study include observation sheet of teacher and cognitive test for students. Result of this study shows that students’ cognitive ability for knowledge level increase from 68.18 in cycle I to 76.49 in cycle II. Meanwhile, students’ cognitive ability for understanding level increase from 75.97 in cycle I to 90.15 in cycle II. Hence, problem based learning model can improve students’ learning achievement in social subject.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa melalui Pendekatan Matematika Realistik pada Operasi Hitung di Kelas Ii SD Negeri 22 Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Harfi Yuli
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya kenyataan di lapangan pembelajaran di kelas II Sekolah Dasar (SD) belum menggunakan pendekatan realistik. Berdasarkan pengamatan peneliti di SD Negeri 22 Lubuk Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman bahwa guruÂ  kelas II SD mengajarkan matematika masih dengan cara tradisional dengan arti kata belum mengaitkan pembelajaran dengan kehidupan nyata siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan mendapatkan informasi tentang pembelajaran operasi hitung campuran dengan pendekatan realistik. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang terdiri dari dua siklus meliputi empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Data penelitian ini berupa informasi tentang proses dan data hasil tindakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan, hasil wawancara, dan tes. Subjek peneliti adalah guru, peneliti (praktisi) dan siswa kelas II yang berjumlah 25 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Â Hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan menggunakan pendekatan matematika realistik pada siklus I dan II mengalami peningkatan di mana nilai rata-rata pada siklus I diperoleh rata-rata 77,2 dan pada siklus II rata-rata 88,2. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan matematika realistik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas II.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Luas Bangun Datar Melalui Pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada Siswa Kelas III SDN 31 Lubuk Alung
Authors: Murniati Murniati
Published: December 2017

Pembelajaran luas bangun datar pada siswa SDN 31 Lubuk Alung masih bersifat konvensional. Pembelajaran masih berpusat kepada guru, sehingga membosankan bagi siswa. Untuk itu peneliti tertarik untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran matematika khususnya pembelajaran luas persegi dan persegi panjang melalui pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL). Pendekatan CTL dirasakan mampu mengatasi persoalan yang ada. Pada peningkatan hasil belajar luas persegi dan persegi panjang melalui pendekatan CTL terdapat 7 langkah yaitu: konstruktivisme, inkuiri, bertanya, masyarakat belajar, pemodelan, refleksi dan penilaian otentik. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa informasi tentang proses dan data hasil tindakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan, hasil tes, diskusi dan dokumentasi. Sumber data adalah proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika melalui pendekatan CTL di kelas III SDN 31 Lubuk Alung. Subjek peneliti terdiri dari siswa kelas III SDN 31 Lubuk Alung yang berjumlah sebanyak 29 orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis data. Prosedur penelitian dilakukan melalui 4 tahap yaitu 1) perencanaan 2) pelaksanaan 3) pengamatan 4) refleksi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan persentase rata-rata kelas hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I pertemuan 1 dengan materi luas persegi adalah 80% pada siklus I pertemuan 2 dengan materi persegi panjang adalah 69%, siklus II pertemuan 1 dengan materi luas persegi dan persegi panjang adalah 97% pada siklus II pertemuan 2 adalah 98%. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah pendekatan CTL dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar luas bangun datar yaitu tentang luas persegi dan persegi panjang.
Metode Bermain Jawaban Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Kelas II SDN 06 Kampung Baru Kecamatan Pariaman Timur Kota Pariaman
Authors: Suryanti Yeni
Published: December 2017

Students are rarely highly motivated in Bahasa learning, including answer questions, give response to questions, and do discussion that can improve studentâ€™s writing skill. This research is aimed to determine whether the use of playing-answer method can improve studentâ€™s writing skill in Bahasa learning. This is a class action research in which 20 elementary students of grade III as subject. Data were obtained through observation, interview, and test of writing skill. There is improvement in each cycle. In cycle I, average score of studentâ€™s writing skill is 68 or 55%. Meanwhile in cycle II, average score of studentâ€™s writing skill is 77,5 or 80%. This result shows that playing-answer method can improve studentâ€™s writing skill in Bahasa learning.
Metode Learning Tournament Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas III Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Di SDN 17 Batang Anai Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Nurlaili Nurlaili
Published: December 2017

This research is based on fact that creativity and learning output of religion subject of students grade III in SDN 17 Batang Anai are still low. This research is aimed to improve creativity and learning output of students grade III SDN 17 Batang Anai by implementing Learning Tournament method. This is a class action research that consists of two cycles including four steps: planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data of research were obtained through observation, note, and test. Obtained data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. In cycle I, percentage of studentâ€™s creativity score is 28.48%and become 78.33% in cycle II. Meanwhile, percentage of studentâ€™s learning output score in cycle I is 50.00% and become 83.33% in cycle II. Hence, it can be concluded that Learning Tournament method can improve creativity and learning output of students grade III SDN 17 Batang Anai.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Membaca Lancar Melalui Penggunaan Alat Peraga Kartu Huruf Dalam Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Pada Siswa Kelas I SDN 05 Nan Sabaris Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Mayana Erni
Published: December 2017

Learning to write and read at the elementary level is the main staple for Indonesian lessons, if the student does not have the ability to read and write at the beginning of this level, it will be very difficult for any lesson. Result of preliminary observations in primary school 05 Nan Sabaris shows that there are several obstacles facing teachers in the learning process. One problem is difficult to instill the concept of reading and writing to students.The purpose of this action research are (1) to determine the extent of the use of learning resources in the form of cards letters and syllables and words can affect the ability of students in assembling and read it word for word (2) to improve the ability of students to practice reading by using cards are dealt teacher said. Data were obtained through tests and the use of the observation, the data is processed by a percentage. The results of the analysis of data obtained in the first cycle of learning success; 61.00 %, and the second cycle; amounted to 81.50%. So show no increase in student learning from the first cycle to cycle II. Thus the use of the letter cards can increase pemahamn stringing words and read to students. This is evident from the excited students verbatim via encrypted card.
Peningkatan Partisipasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Dalam Pembelajaran PAI Dengan Strategi True or False Di SDN 38 Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Hasnibar Hasnibar
Published: December 2017

This research is based on the lack of studentâ€™s participacion in learning religion subject, including do discussion, propose the ideas, or conclude the material. It is caused by â€œspeech methodâ€ that teacher used to do in learning, so that students got the low score for this subject. This research is aimed to improve studentâ€™s participation in learning religion subject by implementing True of False method. This is classroom action research with subject are students grade IV in SDN 38 Sungai Limau Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Data were obtained through observation on studentâ€™s participation in learning, observation on teacherâ€™s activities, and final test for students. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Based on the result of this research, studentâ€™s participation in learning: (1) percentage of students in doing discussion is 60% for cycle I and 85% for cycle II; (2) Â percentage of students in proposing ideas is 50% for cycle I and 75% for cycle II; and (3) percentage of students in concluding the lesson is 30% for cycle I and 72.5% for cycle II. Thus, learning of religion subject that implement the True or False strategy can improve studentâ€™s participation in learning.
Islamic Guidance for Drug Addiction
Authors: Supriyanto Agus
Published: December 2017

Islamic Guidance is social rehabilitation program for Drug Addiction (resident). The goal of this research to know the Islamic guidance for resident at the Center for Rehabilitation of the National Narcotics Agency Lido Bogor. The methodology in this research is qualitative descriptive, with a sample two religious counselor. Can be concluded that Islamic guidance is implemented with the classical format, group format, and individual formats. The goal of the Islamic Guidance to develop religious mentally.
Profil Perilaku Agresif Siswa dan Implikasinya bagi Bimbingan Konseling
Authors: Sari Dita Kurnia
Published: December 2017

Aggressive behavior is an act of violence that harm, hurt, injure because it will harm the victim that was done on purpose in the form of active or passive, physically or verbally either in person or not. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of aggressive behavior class XI SMA Laboratorium UM Malang. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results showed that (1) the level of aggressive behavior in class XI SMA Laboratorium UM Malang high, (2) the level of aggressive behavior of male students are higher than female students, (3) the form of aggressive behavior of male students more patterns of behavior physically aggressive, active and direct, (4) the form of aggressive behavior more female students in the form of verbal aggressive behavior, passive and indirect.
Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Melalui Media Gambar Simbol Untuk Anak Tunagrahita Sedang
Authors: Yulis Erni
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini dimulai dari kesulitan siswa tunagrahita untuk membaca. Mereka mempunyai ciri yang khusus.Salah satu ciri khususnya adalah kemampuan intelegensi mereka di bawah rata.Siswa yang seperti ini membutuhkan pengelolaan kelas yang lebih intensif.Sehingga mereka dapat memahami materi pelajaran untuk dapat hidup secara mandiri.Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah upaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa melalui media gambar simbol bagi anak tunagrahita sedang pada kelas DIII/C1 di SLB YPPLB Padang.Penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur penelitian tindakan kelas.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 siklus.Setiap siklus melaksanakan pembelajaran sebanyak lima kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media gambar symbol dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa tungrahita.
Manejo respiratório em doenças neuromusculares: revisão de literatura
Authors: Matos Lorine Uchoa Inácio , Rabahi Marcelo Fouad
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: Descrever o acometimento respiratório em doenças neuromusculares e tratamentos disponíveis para suporte ventilatório em tais patologias. Métodos: Levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos pesquisados em bases de dados (Capes, Pubmed e SciELO) e artigos/ capítulos de livros disponíveis em http://www.doctorbach.com. Resultados: foram selecionados e revisados 37 artigos/ capítulos relacionados à insuficiência ventilatória em doenças neuromusculares e seu manejo. Conclusão: Há evidências da literatura indicando a utilização da ventilação não invasiva neste grupo de pacientes, com intuito de melhora da troca gasosa, alívio da dispnéia, descanso à musculatura inspiratória, redução da incidência de infecções nosocomiais, internações e mortalidade.
Prevalência de infecções pelos vírus das hepatites B e C em uma população de usuários de drogas de Anápolis, Goiás
Authors: Gusmão Priscilla De Paula , Fernandes Rayssa Ferreira Diniz , Rezende Rhávila Cristina , Bonfim Rodrigo De Souza , Moura Léa Resende , Fernandes Luciana Caetano , Moura Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência das hepatites B e C em usuários de drogas que se encontravam em tratamento em sete centros de reabilitação da cidade de Anápolis, GO. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal e quantitativo, com aplicação de questionário e realização de testes rápidos. Resultados: Foram estudados 144 internos, todos do sexo masculino, com idade média de 37,4 anos. Constataram-se quatro casos de soropositividade para hepatite C (2,8%)e nenhum para hepatite B. Observou-se relação significativa (p<0,05) entre hepatite C e a variável “usou cachimbo, lata ou copo para fumar crack e/ou similares”; o mesmo não ocorreu com as variáveis “usar drogas injetáveis”, “ser preso”, “ter relações sexuais com parceiros fixos/eventual”, “receber dinheiro ou droga em troca de sexo” e “ter relação sexual com parceiro do mesmo sexo”. Conclusões: Conclui-se ser relevante estimar a prevalência da hepatite B e C em uma população de usuários drogas de Anápolis, GO, a fim de estabelecer políticas públicas de prevenção, controle e tratamento a essa população de risco.