bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negotiating the Nation Through Superheroes
Authors: Easton Lee , Hewson Kelly
Published: March 2021

This case study focuses on Canadian students’ responses to our invitation to imagine their own nationalist superheroes whose costumes and powers represent a nation. We provide a close reading of 34 student artifacts to show how they draw on discourses that position Canada as a benevolent, multicultural country—a rhetorical formation we call the Canadian Shield. We also reveal how some artifacts negotiate tropes of the Shield, adapting or revising them in distinctive ways. We conclude, however, that when invited to create Canadian superheroes, many of the student creations reaffirm dominant visions of the country, and such habits of thought, we venture, are best considered as ideological bottlenecks.
Primer registro documentado de Neodiprion abietis (Harris, 1841) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) para México
Authors: González-Gaona Ernesto , Gómez-Nísino Alejandro , De Lira-Ramos Karla Vanessa , Rodríguez-Cruz Yahaira Elizabeth , Olivo-Martínez Juan Antonio , Rascón-Mendoza Ana Adeliz , Sánchez Martínez Guillermo
Published: March 2021

Neodiprion abietis es un dipriónido que tiene una distribución transcontinental en Norteamérica, y se alimenta del follaje de árboles de los géneros Abies, Pseudotsuga y Pinus. Una referencia de 1995 menciona la presencia de esta especie de insecto en México; sin embargo, carece de datos de ubicación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el taxón de un dipriónido que en 2016 se observó defoliando a Abies concolor, dentro del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Campo Verde, en Madera, Chihuahua, México. A través de exploraciones de campo realizadas en 2019, se recolectaron larvas directamente del follaje de sus hospedantes; además, de un adulto en el follaje y varios capullos en el suelo. Las larvas fueron confinadas en jaulas entomológicas y se alimentaron con follaje de sus hospedantes, hasta que tejieron sus capullos. La cría de los insectos se completó introduciendo los capullos a una cámara de crecimiento que se mantuvo a una temperatura de 26 ±2 ºC, con un fotoperiodo de 14:10 luz: oscuridad, hasta la obtención de adultos. La determinación de la especie se realizó mediante la observación de las características morfológicas externas y del ovipositor, basados en claves taxonómicas especializadas e ilustraciones de referencia de fuentes científicas. Los especímenes examinados correspondieron a N. abietis, lo cual confirma su presencia en el norte de México.
Analisis Kesantunan Proses Komunikasi Mahasiswa dengan Dosen melalui Aplikasi Whatsapp terhadap Efektifitas Penggunaan Bahasa
Authors: Nurfaedah  , Suwatri Jura
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan proses komunikasi mahasiswa dengan dosen melalui aplikasi pesan whatsapp terhadap efektifitas penggunaan bahasa. Penelitian ini meupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitianberupa data tulisan yang dikmpulkan dengan menggunakan metode dokumentasi, transkripsi dan teknik catat. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif sesuai denganteori kesantunan Leech. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kesantunan Leech meliputi 4 maksim. Pelanggaran secara berturut-turut dilakukan terhadap maksim kebijaksanaan, maksim pemufakatan, maksim kedermawanan, dan maksim kesederhanaan. Pelanggaran maksim ini pada proses komunikasi mahasiswa melalui pesan whatsapp menandakan bahwa masih ada indikasi yang membuat mahasiswa tidak santun dalam melakukan komunikasi dengan dosen dalam media online. Pelanggaran kesantunan mahasiswa mempengaruhi keefektifan berbahasa mahasiwa pada proses komunikasi, dan keefektifan itu dibahas dalam tiga jenis yaitu keutuhan kalimat, kelogisan dan ketepatan diksi.
ANALISIS PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH GEOMETRI BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF REFLEKTIF DAN IMPULSIF SISWA
Authors: Herianto Herianto , Hamid Nurqiyamah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berfikir kreatif dalam memecahkan masalah geometri berdasarkan gaya kognitif reflektif dan gaya kognitif impulsif siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitiatif. Subjek penelitian ini ditetapkan sebanyak 2 orang diantaranya: 1 orang siswa dengan gaya kognitif reflektif dan 1 orang siswa dengan gaya kognitif impulsif. Subjek penelitian ini ditentukan setelah melalui beberapa tahapan, diantaranya: 1) Menetapkan kelas penelitian yaitu kelas kelas VIII di MTs Al Amanah Kabupaten Jeneponto tahun ajaran 2020/2021, 2) Mengontrol kemampuan awal siswa berdasarkan tingkat kemampuannya dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, (3) Memberi tes Matching Familiar Figures Tes (MFFT). Data penelitian diperoleh melalui hasil Tes Pemecahan Masalah Kreatif (TPMK) dan wawancara terhadap subjek penelitian. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan langkah-langkah, yaitu: (1) Menelaah seluruh data yang tersedia dari berbagai sumber, (2) reduksi data, 3) Penyajian data, (4) Membuat coding, (5) Memaparkan data, dan (6) penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan: (1) Subjek dengan gaya kogntif  reflektif  melalui proses berpikir dari tahap persiapan, inkubasi, illuminasi dan verifikasi; (2) Subjek dengan gaya kogntif  reflektif  menemukan idenya tanpa dipicu oleh keadaan sekelilingnya atau mengembangkan idenya untuk membangun cara baru dalam menyelesaikan masalah; (3) Subyek dengan gaya kognitif impulsif tidak melewati proses inkubasi dan illuminasi dalam memecahkan masalah geometri; (4) subjek dengan gaya kognitif impulsif menemukan idenya secara tiba-tiba dengan mengingat kembali konsep yang diajarkan oleh gurunya.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) DENGAN PENDEKATAN QUANTUM TEACHING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 BINAMU KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Husain Husriani , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran Efektivitas Model Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dengan Pendekatan Quantum Teaching dalam Pembelajaran Matematika pada siswa Kelas VII.1 SMP Negeri 1 Binamu Kabupaten Jeneponto. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif yang fokus pada Efektivitas Model Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dengan Pendekatan Quantum Teaching dalam Pembelajaran Matematika pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Binamu Kabupaten Jeneponto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Binamu Kabupaten Jeneponto yang terbagi menjadi 8 kelas dengan jumlah siswa 252 orang. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII.1 berjumlah 31 orang siswa yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan mempertimbangkan bahwa siswa tersebut pernah diajar menggunakan Model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dengan Pendekatan Quantum Teaching. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dokumentasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian dan analisis data yang diperoleh dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan model kooperatif tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dengan pendekatan Quantum Teaching untuk siswa kelas VII.1 SMP Negeri 1 Binamu Kabupaten Jeneponto memenuhi kriteria efektif.
Analisis Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kabupaten Manokwari Selatan
Authors: Kesaulija Silvy E. , Murdjoko Agustinus , Moeljono Soetjipto
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the extent of land cover changes in South Manokwari Regency from 2009 to 2018, including what changes have occurred, where they have occurred, how much change has occurred and the factors causing forest area changes in South Manokwari Regency. The method used in this research was the overlay technique with the supervised classification method. Data collection and analysis were carried out spatially using ArcGIS 10.4 software. The research variables consisted of forest area and land cover in hectares, changes in land cover (deforestation and degradation) in hectares and factors that influenced changes in land cover in South Manokwari Regency. The analysis of land cover based on area functions, permits and district boundaries, found that there had been degradation and eforestation in South Manokwari Regency. The area of ​​forest degradation is 8,870.15 Ha that occurs inside the Production Forest in the IUPHHK concession area in Dataran Isim District. Meanwhile, the deforestation of 1,357.75 hectares occurred in other use areas. Other factors that influence land cover change were accessibility factors, government policies and topographical factors.
Requirements for standard viral vaccine samples for veterinary medicine
Authors: Matveeva I.N. , Skotnikova T.A. , Neminushchaia L.A. , Eremets N.K. , Eremets V.I. , Markova E.V. , Krasochko P.P.
Published: March 2021

One of the branches of domestic biotechnology is the production of immunobiological drugs, including vaccines for medical and veterinary purposes. Despite the general decline observed in the global economy in recent years, the pharmaceutical market is developing. In 2020, the biological drug market could exceed $250 billion. In the Russian Federation and the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, serious actions are being taken to harmonize national regulatory requirements with international rules and foreign control systems in the field of the production of immunobiological drugs and quality control. It should be noted the price availability of domestic vaccines, their high adaptation to the Russian epizootic situation, since they were created on the basis of strains characteristic of the territory of the country and the Eurasian continent. For the prevention of diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, anthrax, trichophytia, microsporia, brucellosis, domestic vaccines are used in Russia. The main component of the strategy for the production of veterinary vaccines to increase competition of products is ensuring their quality. Products of Russian companies that do not have the practice of applying international standards cannot be competitive. This leads to the loss of the domestic market. Currently, regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union have established uniform requirements for the organization of the production and quality control of medicines for medical and veterinary use. Within the framework of these documents, areas related to the development and certification of standard samples of various levels are actively developing, the purpose of which is to quantify the specific activity of drugs and the metrological characteristics of the methods used to evaluate quality, stability indicators, as well as control of auxiliary substances. The use of auxiliary substances and pharmaceutical substances is regulated by regulatory documentation: GF, FFS, FS, FSP or industry standards. This is necessary, since heterogeneity of drug quality parameters is possible due to various factors, including uncontrolled and uncontrolled.
Efficiency of fluorescein-conjugated anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies freeze-dried
Authors: Klyukina V.I. , Lyulkova L.S. , Anisina O.V. , Glinsky K.A. , Lobanova V.A. , Svyatenko M.S.
Published: March 2021

This article presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies conjugated with fluorescein, freeze-dried. Immunobiological products lyophilization is one of the most reliable ways to preserve their physicochemical and biological properties, since this is a soft drying method, in which the dried product is frozen, then it is placed in a vacuum chamber, where the solvent is sublimated. Lyophilization allows you to get drugs without losing their shape, structural integrity and more importantly, without losing their biological activity. The study aimed to standardize methods for the purification of FITC conjugates, as well as reagents used in the production and drying of FITC conjugates. We used conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies labeled with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITZ) obtained by hyperimmunization of sheep and rams using an immunostimulant. We tested the ability of various concentrations of dextran T-70 to retain the specific activity of fluorescent conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies when added dextran T-70 to them before the lyophilization. To determine the optimal amount of T-70 dextran filler, prepared 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% solutions in 10mm phosphate-salt solution. We found that the effectiveness of dextran T-70 as a filler substance in the lyophilization of FITC conjugates depends on its concentration. The optimal stabilizing vehicle for lyophilization of both fluorescent conjugates is 2-3% concentration of dextran T-70 in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline. Analysis of the results of the quality of FITZ-conjugates allows us to conclude about the high quality of biological products prepared during freeze-drying of the material in the developed temperature regime using dextran T-70 as a filler substance. As a result of the studies, the technology for the preparation of lyophilized FITC conjugates of anti-rabies and anti-chlamydia antibodies for diagnostic test systems was optimized. The specific activity and stability of the physicochemical characteristics of the preparations after lyophilization and during subsequent storage for two years were observed.
The Impact of Vertical Densification on Public Lighting in Informal Settlements: Using Virtual Environments as an Evaluation Tool for Policy Making
Authors: Kretzer David Michael , Walczak Michael
Published: March 2021

There are a variety of reasons to support the premise that public lighting is beneficial to urban communities. At the same time, a key challenge for the provision of public lighting in informal settlements is their constant physical transformation. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the application of virtual environments (VEs) in lighting planning and policy making. Despite the fact that VEs offer the opportunity to explore an environment by freely navigating through it, including environments that change over time, this feature is rarely taken into account in decision-making processes. A VE-based analysis tool for informal settlement lighting is presented using a case-study street in the informal settlement of Caracolí in Bogotá as its basis. A household survey, spatial measurements, participants’ observations, and luminous intensity distribution curves constituted the main data set for the VE scenarios. Time-related data on the incremental construction of Caracolí’s informal dwellings was collected by the household survey and that data was then projected into past, present, and future night-time scenarios. The lighting quality of these different scenarios was systematically evaluated via lighting calculation software, revealing a variety of shortcomings caused by the current lighting approach. Based on these findings, an alternative lighting approach was developed and re-examined using lighting calculations. Finally, custom game-engine technology and GPU computing were deployed, which allowed for real-time visualisation of the different lighting scenarios and their lighting quality. This setup therefore enables fast iterative feedback loops for current and future lighting policy scenarios and the resulting lighting design. In the first instance, a VE can illustrate well how current lighting policy results in a significant delay of lighting provision in the early stage of a settlement as well as highlighting the mismatch between lighting technology and the built environment during the vertical densification phases. Second, the VE is able to showcase alternative lighting technologies and policy approaches as well as the resulting lighting effects, enabling a visual comparison of different policy scenarios over several decades. In conclusion it will be argued that the dynamic VE technology appears to be a promising decision-making tool for illustrating potential planning and design shortcomings to policy stakeholders in a manner understandable to the layman.
The Diversity of Pteridophyta at Mountain Telomoyo as Biology Learning Resources
Authors: Nur Alamsyah Muhammad Radian , Pamungkas Sekar Jati
Published: March 2021

The identification and utilization of pteridophyta diversity in the Telomoyo mountain area in learning activities has not been implemented. On the other hand, Biology as a science subject needs to be presented through scientific learning to encourage the development of students' science process skills. The type of learning resource by utilization is the right type to be used in scientific learning. These learning resources are found mainly in nature. Based on this, this study aims to identify the diversity of pteridophyta in Mount Telomoyo and to analyze their feasibility as a source of Biology learning at the high school. This study uses a descriptive exploratory method. The observation plot was determined to be 2 meters wide from the right and left side  along the climbing route, using a purposive sampling technique. Analysis of learning resources using benchmarks by Djohar (1974). The results, there are 13 species of pteridophyta which can be classified into 12 genera, 10 families, 4 orders, and 2 divisions. Biology material that is appropriate for the application of learning resources is the Scope of Biology with a 75% suitability level. The results of the feasibility analysis of learning resources generally obtained a very feasible category (87%).
A BNCC E A FORMAÇÃO: Expectativas e Possibilidades Diante da Reforma do Novo Ensino Médio
Authors: Cardoso do Socorro Eduardo , Lima de Queiroz Rejane
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre o novo ensino médio e os itinerários formativos; discutindo sobre os entraves e expectativas da escola e o currículo; as tecnologias educacionais; e um paralelo entre o professor que a escola tem e o professor que o novo ensino médio quer.Ao trilhar os caminhos da educação começando pela história da educação brasileira percebe-se que a profissão de professor inicialmente teve como base pressupostos religiosos e políticos. Atualmente os recintos escolares apresentam um contexto sociocultural diversificado e é nesse espaço que os docentes atuam tornado o processo de ensino aprendizagem bastante significativo por isso faz-se necessário à construção de um currículo que represente o espaço no qual estão inseridos. A metodologia utilizada para realizar esta pesquisa foi a pesquisa bibliográfica com pesquisas em livros, revistas, artigos e material na internet. Conclui-se que a formação continuada para os professores contribui para a melhoria da qualidade de ensino existe uma preocupação com a formação dos professores e com a sua prática por conta da atual conjuntura social do país que tem interferindo de forma significativa no contexto escolar. Pois o perfil do professor delineado para atuar no Novo Ensino Médio é o de ter a formação básica desejável em licenciatura na área de atuação.
Những con số về hoạt động khoa học của Đại học Phenikaa
Authors: AISDL
Published: March 2021

Đại học Phenikaa có 130 công bố quốc tế trong 10 tháng đầu năm 2019, 9 nhóm nghiên cứu mạnh, hơn 50% cán bộ, giảng viên có trình độ tiến sĩ.
Visual Rhythm in Krishna Prakash Shah's Abstract Paintings
Authors: Sharma Yam Prasad
Published: March 2021

Krishna Prakash Shah's abstract paintings present visual rhythm in the canvas that provides a sensation of music, melody and motion. Lines, colors and shapes are running and flowing in a spontaneous manner as fluid without any obstacle on their way. Due to harmony and cohesion among colors and shapes, the visual compositions create a friendly atmosphere and comfort to our eyes. The artworks have such a power that invites the viewers to enter the canvas and explore the unknown world, having an adventurous imaginary journey. The viewers become the characters who travel back and forth along with the swinging shapes and lines. Due to the aesthetic experience of visual rhythm, the viewers become the one with the viewed artwork. The distance between the subject and the object is lost since the viewers assimilate with the artwork. The dynamic lines, colors and shapes are flowing spontaneously. This motion and flow suggest the visual melody and music. The scope of the study includes Krishna Shah's abstract paintings which have been explored from the perspective of visual rhythm and music as a tool for interpreting artworks. The study is qualitative since the artworks have the possibility of multiple interpretations. This paper, thus, attempts to trace the visual rhythm in his abstract compositions and their aesthetic values.
Redefining the Society in Hip-Hop Music: A Nepali Perspective
Authors: Regmi Aarati
Published: March 2021

Nepali Rapper Utsaha Joshi, aka Uniq poet's title song “Mero Desh Birami” and Chirag Khadka's album 5:55 title song “Samadhi and Aaago ko Jhilko” display intimate relationships between the socio-political and cultural context and the youngsters' powerful voice through music. This paper analyzes rap music as a medium and power to convey socio-cultural values, truth of conspiracy, and interests among youngsters. Both singers have portrayed the mainstream culture, faith, and patriotism, which have shaped people’s minds and behaviours. Rap songs have become so popular among young people who have always been informed by specific phenomenal interests.  It has touched the consciousness that shapes the relationship between humans and culture. The road to these rap songs speaks the voice of cultural roots via its elements. To add, rap singers display popular means of conveying cultural intimacy through their music and of introducing a phenomenal symbol of society. However, Nepali Hip-hop redefines a relative degree of social conspiracy rather, it promotes positivity among the youngsters as it motivates and generates energy. Yet, hip-hop generates and navigates a voice of fear, woes, dissatisfaction, disagreement, anxiety, and other sensitive anti-socio-political crimes like rape, homicide, power augmentation game, etc.
Performing Arts and BarkaNaach of Dangaura Tharus as Folk Drama
Authors: Kharel Megh Prasad
Published: March 2021

This article examines different elements of folk drama in the BarkaNaach of Dangaura Tharus. It attempts to present the multiple features of the folk drama in the folk community. Based on the basic features of vernacular theatre, the study spotlights the key dramatic elements like ritual rule, context, narrative, stage and setting, characters and semiotic implication, song, dance and language as well as musical instruments and costumes in the presentation of BarkaNaach. The analysis of such drama in the light of elementary facet underlines the multiple sides of folklore as it embodies the cultural identity and value of Tharus. In doing so, I also argue that its theatrical aspects like plot and storyline are not unfamiliar to the rural farmers. Consequently, the study concludes that ritualistic performance of folk drama does not bring the unexpected happening, but it is repeated with their routinized act of cultural memory whatever performed in the past days of the ancestral force.
Super-Cripple Sights: Disable Heroes in Raymond Carver's Cathedral and Sophocles' Oedipus Rex
Authors: Lungeli Dipak
Published: March 2021

Robert and Tiresias, disable protagonists respectively of Raymond Carver's Cathedral and Sophocles' Oedipus Rex with their super cripple qualities challenge the imperatives of ableist ideals. Protagonists’ blindness leads them to insight whereas their counter characters’ sight leads them to darkness. Such a role reversal leads to a questioning of dichotomies and establishes an alternative view to the definition of blindness and insight. To support this claim, I use Lennard J. Davis’ concept of disable bodies in literature, Rod Michalko’s notion of fictional explorations of disability, and Nickianne Moody’s model of disability informed criticism backed up by Judith Butler’s notion of body politics, Rosemarie Thompson’s idea of extraordinary bodies, and different critical readings on body. This framework of interpretation validates disable bodies as cultural construction. It also regards literatureas apt venue to challenge culturally assigned definition of ability and disability in favor of new body possibilities. The theoretical framework thus discovers Carver and Sophocles redrawing the concept of able-bodiedness and deeply rooted cultural hierarchies like able/disable, sight/blind, sight/insight, body/mind, visible/invisible, and inside/outside in their literary texts.
Jaunts, Jottings, and Jetsam in Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts
Authors: Pulsiano Phillip
Published: March 2021

A pageant of curiosities and dynamic images inhabits the margins of manuscripts, sometimes ornamenting, sometimes competing, sometimes commenting on the text they surround. They are a commonplace of codicological study, even more so since the publication of Lilian Randall's Images in the Margins of Gothic Manuscripts in 1966 and of Michael Camille's Image on the Edge in 1992, which has done much to bring us to understand and interpret this panoply in ink and paint. The images these writers treat, of course, are late, and it is the more rich and entertaining margins that command the attention, such as the copulating figures in the top margin of a book of hours (New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, M. 754, f. 65v), or the Christ-like figure showing forth his buttocks to a spear-wielding, monkey-like creature mounted on an ostrich in the Rutland Psalter (London, British Library, Additional 62,925, ff. 66v-67r). The margins of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts seem, by comparison, rather barren fields. There are certainly some notable exceptions, such as the illustrations in the Bury St Edmunds Psalter (Rome, Vatican Library, MS Reg. lat. 12), or perhaps those in the Exeter Book (Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3501, ff. 78r, 87v, 123r). But in truth, such examples are few in number and rather sober occasions in any case, lacking the spirited, immensely entertaining, and often surprising creations that fill the margins of later manuscripts. But if the Anglo-Saxons possessed vastly different conceptions of space, margins, and response to text than later generations, we nevertheless often find in their manuscripts a quiet, typically hidden or overlooked world of text and image entered into manuscripts by Anglo-Saxon and later users of these codices.
Editor's Note
Authors: Toswell M. J.
Published: March 2021

Taking stock of the field of medieval studies in one nationally-defined area has its significant uses. On the one hand, it may be possible to identify specific national characteristics in the research, and perhaps in the future to build upon those strengths and further to emphasise them. Thus, manuscripts and editions (to judge by the SSHRC awards) are an overriding presence for Canadian medievalists. There is acknowledgment of and obeisance to theoretical approaches but the latter tend to be packaged up with one or both of the former, whereas just looking at a set of manuscripts or just embarking on a new edition of a significant text is clearly quite acceptable (with, of course, awareness that all decisions are freighted with the baggage of the researcher’s past and present). Similarly, as a national group we tend to speak with passion about our teaching of matters medieval to undergraduates. More evident, perhaps, in the reports from smaller universities whose remit is a liberal arts curriculum, the desire to communicate well our excitement in our field is endemic, perhaps to all medievalists, and certainly to Canadian medievalists. We fuss, trade numbers of students, recommend texts for reprinting, talk about teaching techniques, and even drag our students (even undergraduates) along to national and international conferences.
Guerre et théâtre: Gustave Cohen au Canada
Authors: Steele Stephen
Published: March 2021

Le médiéviste français Gustave Cohen, né en Belgique en 1879, ne semblerait pas pouvoir fournir une porte d’entrée à la popularisation du théâtre médiéval au Canada. On peut pourtant suivre ses traces au Québec où il se rend au moins trois fois pendant la Deuxième Guerre pour s’exprimer sur le théâtre, sur les Français comme lui exilés à New York et sur les événements en France. Sa visite d’octobre 1942 organisée autour de quelques représentations de la troupe du Père Emile Legault, les Compagnons de saint Laurent, trouve écho pendant une semaine dans la presse montréalaise, avec des articles répétés à la section Spectacles du journal Le Devoir. Notre bref regard sur Gustave Cohen au Canada montrera, par la presse et par des documents d’archives, la poursuite jusqu'en Amérique du rôle par lequel on se rappelle le mieux Cohen depuis sa mort en 1958, celui de vulgarisateur du haut moyen âge et d’un corpus théâtral en ancien français.
From Medieval Remedy to Memorial or Why I Study the Middle Ages
Authors: Heinbockel-Bolik Gina
Published: March 2021

When I first read about the call for submissions, particularly the one under the heading “Why the Middle Ages?” I thought I knew for sure what was the true source of my love for this period; it was a remedy for homesickness. To read and to write about certain aspects of medieval, particularly urban, history was the mental bridge that linked me with my northern German home regardless of where I lived.
University of Lethbridge
Authors: O'Donnell Daniel Paul
Published: March 2021

The University of Lethbridge is a primarily undergraduate university in Lethbridge, Southern Alberta. Founded in 1967 with a student body of 638, the University has grown considerably in recent years, and now has an undergraduate population of approximately seven thousand students. There are about three hundred full-time faculty members.
University of Saskatchewan
Authors: Liu Yin
Published: March 2021

I arrived in Saskatoon in September, not entirely sure what it would be like to do medieval studies in the stubble fields of Saskatchewan. After less than a year at the University of Saskatchewan, I am still not entirely sure, but have benefited greatly from informative chats with kindly colleagues (none of whom, of course, bears any responsibility for the cheerful ignorance here displayed in my opinions). This institution is perhaps better known for its biotech research, its programs in veterinary medicine, or its synchrotron, but being a medievalist here can be a source of some unexpected pleasures.
Wilfrid Laurier University
Authors: Waugh Robin
Published: March 2021

Smaller universities can preside over profound achievements in disciplines such as medieval studies through the fostering of commitment and focus. For instance, the profile of medieval studies has developed significantly in the last three years at Wilfrid Laurier University, where, in December of 2002, an interdisciplinary program in medieval studies was approved by the university’s senate. Prior to the development of this program, medieval material was taught largely within the traditional disciplines. The new program is designed to include course subjects from a variety of national and religious traditions. It will have four core courses: History 101, Medieval Europe 500-1100; History 102, The High Middle Ages; Medieval Studies 100, Discovering the Middle Ages (Knights, Saints, and Dragons); and Medieval Studies 200, The Medieval World View. The last two courses are designed to be team-taught by faculty members from various disciplines, such as Classics, History, Religion and Culture, Music, Fine Arts, Languages and Literatures (particularly French and Spanish), and English and Film. Participating faculty members have contributed many of their existing courses and research interests to the program, together with many new ideas for lectures, fourth-year seminars, and innovations in teaching. The program will also include courses in medievalism, that is, the study of representations of medieval cultural materials within contemporary cultures and sensibilities. Though these kinds of offerings, such as a “Tolkien and Fantasy” course, are growing at Laurier and are currently more popular among students than the more traditional medieval-themed courses, the former variety of course is not pushing aside the latter. In fact, an interdisciplinary medieval studies program should help the existing medieval courses at Laurier appeal to more students.
Memorial University of Newfoundland 1992-2002
Authors: MacDonald Aileen Ann
Published: March 2021

2002 marks the tenth anniversary of the establishment of a program in Medieval Studies at Memorial. The establishment of the program was the response of a group of established and some newly arrived medieval scholars to a challenge from the Arts Administration to establish a program in Medieval Studies at the undergraduate level. The working group realised that a fairly distinct program could be established at Memorial to dovetail with such local strengths as Archaeology and Folklore, both of which departments were amenable to establishing a medieval dimension to their own programs. Accordingly Major and Minor programs were established at Memorial, starting in 2002.
A ESSÊNCIA DO RAIO IMORTAL: análise dos valores pessoais dos cursados de grupos táticos de Brasília
Authors: Dias Fagner de Oliveira , Reyes Jr Edgar , Alencar Flávio Silvestre
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os valores pessoais dos membros dos grupos táticos da Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal - PMDF, em Brasília, e como se comportam esses valores entre os grupos conforme realização de treinamento especializado, aqui chamado de curso operacional. Como método de pesquisa foi aplicada uma survey com 171 respondentes dos grupos táticos da ROTAM e PATAMO da PMDF utilizando o questionário QVB de valores funcionalistas. Foi utilizada a análise fatorial para validação do instrumento e ANOVA para análise dos grupos. Como resultado os dois grupos analisados apresentaram diferenças intergrupo nos valores Suprapessoal e Interativo, confirmando diferenças características de maturidade e integração conforme dados sociométricos e relatos de diferença na alternância de membros nas pequenas equipes. Quanto ao curso operacional, aqueles que realizaram os cursos em sua unidade policial apresentaram maior valor Experimentação e Realização que denotam valores inovativos que influenciam positivamente na eficiência da equipe. No âmbito gerencial, o estimulo à realização do curso operacional, bem como uma verificação de valores pessoais dos futuros integrantes pode melhorar a eficiência da equipe.
LA CONTRIBUCIÓN DEL “ADN” PARA LA FORMACIÓN DE PRUEBAS PERICIALES EN BRASIL Y URUGUAY
Authors: Barros dos Santos Rafaela Adam
Published: March 2021

Estudios de las pruebas biológicas son poco discutidos en Brasil. Así, es un tema relevante para diferentes cursos que buscan directa o indirectamente los factores criminales, profesionales de Derecho y Biología y también para la población. Las cuestiones discutidas en la legislación brasileña podrán constituir reflexiones globales. La pesquisa se justifica y objetiva hacer evidente la importancia de las pruebas biológicas y de la Biología para el Derecho, indagar cuestiones legislativas, biológicas y éticas, y la existencia de un banco de ADN en Brasil y Uruguay. Hoy es posible identificar una persona sin ninguna información “ante mortem” gracias a Biología molecular. Así el ADN constituye parte importante de las pruebas en una investigación criminal, pero no substituye otros análisis por completo. Concluyo que el uso del ADN en investigaciones viene trayendo resultados desde su primera utilización en 1986, entonces, su uso más elaborado con los bancos de perfiles, resultaría en soluciones más eficientes de los crímenes, ampliando la confianza en el Estado, que aumentaría la seguridad pública cohibiendo nuevos delitos. Fue realizada análisis de leyes pertinentes, análisis bibliográfico en libros y artículos científicos en Español, Inglés y Portugués. La pesquisa fue realizada de enero de 2016 hasta enero de 2019.

Palabras clave: ADN; ADN forense; Pruebas periciales; Pruebas biológicas; Banco de perfiles genéticos.
THE BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING ILP IN THE PORTS COCAINE TRAFFICKING INVESTIGATIONS AND CRIME PREVENTION IN BRAZIL
Authors: Mertens Fábio Alceu
Published: March 2021

The Intelligence-led Policing (ILP) Doctrine is not new. It has been discussed both academically and as a governmental policy since the ‘90s. Moreover, since then it has been gradually applied somehow among many law enforcement agencies worldwide. On the other hand, Brazil has emerged as a very important cocaine trafficking corridor to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, as far as Brazilian Federal Police has stood out as an excellency agency due to its successful investigative outcomes and national and international partnerships in this specific area. In this regard, the main objective of this article is to present the main ILP Doctrine pillars and characteristics, analyzing if somehow it has been applied by Federal Police and, if not, how beneficial it could be in terms of more effective results considering its existing formal and functional intelligence structure.
الدساتیر المؤقتة، أدوات لحفظ السلام وبناء الديمقراطية
Authors: Zulueta-Fülscher Kimana
Published: March 2021

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى سد فجوة كبيرة في أدبيات السياسات والأدبيات الأكاديمية حول عملية وتصميم الدساتير المؤقتة في البلدان المتضررة من النزاعات وتؤكد هذه الورقة على أن قوة الدساتير المؤقتة، على عكس اتفاقيات السلام والترتيبات المؤقتة، تكمن في قابليتها للتطبيق بموجب القانون. وتبحث في تنوع الدساتير المؤقتة التي صدرت بعد عام 1990 من حيث هيكلتها ودورها في عمليات بناء السلام عموماً. وتتمثل إحدى استنتاجاتها الرئيسية في أنه، رغم الاختلافات الرئيسية التي تتعلق أيضاً بالعلاقة بين ظروف البلد المعني وبين خيارات الإجراء والتصميم، فإن الدساتير المؤقتة عادة توفر الوقت أو الفرص لتسهيل التوافق مع مرور الزمن. كما يمكنها المساهمة في بناء ثقافة الحكم الدستوري التشاركي، ومعالجة ترتيب تسلسل قضايا الانتخابات وتقوية المؤسسات الرئيسية المسؤولة عن تنفيذ الأطر الدستورية.
Translation or Intertextuality: A Literature Comparative Analysis of “The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak” by Archibald MacLeish and “Krawang Bekasi” by Chairil Anwar
Authors: Rahman Fakhriawan Fathu , Rahman Fathu
Published: March 2021

This study aims to pinpoint the relevant relation between two literary works which have a relationship with one another in the perspective of comparative literature studies. Data were gathered through the text deconstruction theory method by means of an intertextuality approach. The method is applied to juxtapose two well-known poems, Krawang Bekasi (Indonesia) and The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak (America), which are suspected of having the same content and theme, but their relations were never revealed. This thematic-based study uses a multicultural perspective and is naturally suitable for comparative literature study. The objective of this study was to reveal the existence of Krawang Bekasi as one of the Indonesian poems written by Chairil Anwar and to demonstrate the cultural translation methods, known as cultural intertexts relation, for finding the intertextuality of two literary works. In fact, by tabling line through line, the intertextuality was found to be workable in comparative literature. As a result, the study shows that Krawang Bekasi by Chairil Anwar is an adaptation which borrows from and transforms The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak by Archibald MacLeish. Thus, the intertextual relationship of these two works is revealed.
“Umm you know…” Speaking or Writing?: Examining EFL Students’ Writing Style in Argumentative Essays
Authors: Setyaningsih Nina , Larassati Anisa
Published: March 2021

Writing in English has always been a difficult skill to be mastered by Indonesian students. In the English Department of Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, students often face challenges in writing concerning grammatical rules and using suitable style in various text types. This research is aimed at investigating whether the students have applied formal academic style in their academic argumentative essays. The method used to analyse the data was descriptive qualitative. The findings demonstrate that there are still some significant errors made by students in their writing. Of the nine types of academic writing style errors proposed by Yakhontova (2003), there are eight types found in the data. These include contraction, addressing the reader directly, direct question, adverb in initial or final position, interjection and hesitation filler, short form of the word or slang, inappropriate negative form, and figures at the beginning of the sentence. Furthermore, the data also reveal a novel finding that there are two other kinds of error that cannot be categorised under Yakhontova’s framework, namely the use of spoken form and emoticon. This research suggests that students’ need to be specifically taught the differences between formal and informal styles of language in speaking and writing classes. They also need to be exposed to English academic texts more so as to be accustomed to formal or academic style.
Fourth Semester Students’ Reading Comprehension Ability in Narrative Text Using Online Sources of FKIP Unilak
Authors: Herdi Herdi
Published: March 2021

Reading comprehension can be done using online sources such as internet, Narrative text can be easily obtained by students on various internet sites in the form of links that are already available. The purpose of this study was to determine the reading comprehension ability of fourth semester students of English Education Department of Universitas Lancang Kuning in narrative texts. This research is descriptive quantitative using online sources. This study used total sampling technique with 70 students who are divided into 3 classes in the English Education Department. Based on results of data analysis, it was found that the students of English Education Department had medium (10.00) ability to comprehend narrative texts. This is indicated by the fact that 24 (34.3%) of students have medium ability to comprehend narrative texts. 29 (41.4%) of students had low ability in scanning the text and mentioning the orientation. 29 (41.4%) of students had low ability in mentioning the complication of the text. 25 (35.7%) of students had low ability in determining and mentioning resolution of the text. 38 (54.3%) of students had medium ability in skimming and determining generic structure, language features, social functions of the text. So, it can be concluded that the fourth semester students’ reading comprehension ability in narrative texts was in medium category with the percentage 54.3%.
PERGESERAN FUNGSI MAMAK KANDUNG DALAM PELAKSANAAN ADAT MINANGKABAU PADA MASYARAKAT JORONG BATU BADINDING NAGARI LIMO KOTO KECAMATAN BONJOL KABUPATEN PASAMAN
Authors: Hafizah Hafizah
Published: March 2021

This study aims to reveal the shifting forms of mother's brother function in the guardianship Batu Badinding community, the cause of the shift in the function of mother's brother biological in the customar practices of the Minangkabau people in the guardianship Batu Badinding community, the impact of the shift in the function of the mother's brother in the implementation of the Minangkabau Customs in guardianship Batu Badinding.  This is a case study research. The informant selection technique uses a method (purposive sampling). the results showed that there had been a shift in the function of mother's brother biological in guardianship Batu Badinding community (1) The forms of shifting functions of mother's brother were: (a) in the economic field, (b) in the field of education, (c) in the religious field, and ( d) in the field of Custom (e) in the field of marriage. (2) The causes of the shifting of mother's brother biological functions are: (a) lifestyle in overseas, (b) mother's brother  prioritizes children and wives, (c) lack of indigenous knowledge of mother's brother  (d) low economic level of mother's brother , (e) mother's brother  morality low, (f) the influence of values in Islam. (3) The impact of the shift in the function of the mother's brother biological, namely: (a) the mother's brother figure is less respected by the niece, (b) the authority of mother's brother begins to fade in the middle of the community (c) the fading of kinship and social relations between mother's brother  and niece, (d) changes in structure and responsibility family answer.
MENYINGKAP IDEOLOGI PATRIARKI DALAM KISAH 1001 MALAM: KAJIAN DEKONSTRUKTIF
Authors: Syam Essy , Aris Qori Islami
Published: March 2021

This writing analyzes a popular Malay text entitled Kisah 1001 Malam (Arabian Nights). This analysis shows that from the perspective of patriarchal ideology, a man is signified as a strong and powerful figure. On the other hand, the analysis shows that the strong and powerful figure in the text is not the man but a woman instead. It is shown by presenting the man character who fails to fulfill his role as the savior or the problem solver, thus, the role is taken by a woman character. 

Thus, this analysis applies descriptive analysis in which the result of the analysis is described vividly. From the description, it will show patriarchal ideology which places man as the powerful figure is replaced by a woman who is strong and smart.
PETA PERSEBARAN RANDAI DI KABUPATEN KUANTANSINGINGI, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Fitriana Yulita , Arpina Arpina , Irwanto Irwanto
Published: March 2021

This study aims to describe the history and distribution of Randai, as well as making Randai’s distribution maps in Kuantansingi Regency, Riau Province. This research is qualitative-descriptive. The data are obtained through field data and library data. Through this research, it is known that the Randai of Kuantansingingi originally comes from Minangkabau and has undergone changes. The acculturation of Minangkabau culture with Malay and change of times has led to changes in stories, language, costumes, dances (joget), musical instruments, and when it is performed, even the view of people on Randai. In the process of making the Randai of Kuantansingingi’s Map in Riau Province, 49 Randai groups were inventoried in various sub-districts in Kuantansingingi Regency. All these Randai groups have been mapped onto the Map of Kuantansingingi’s Randai.
Die historische Betrachtung der romanischen Sprachen. Zur Zukunft der Sprachgeschichte in der universitären Lehre
Authors: Tacke Felix
Published: March 2021

Once at the core of Romance philology, the teaching of Historical Romance Linguistics has all but vanished from university curricula Even though language change is constitutive for any natural language, most bachelor degree programs focus on synchronic studies these days Nevertheless,
instead of arguing for the reintroduction of compulsory Old French or Old Spanish courses, this paper promotes another vision of Historical Linguistics in academic education In line with Christmann (1975) and Böckle / Lebsanft (1989), it will be shown that it is possible to include a
solid introduction to Historical Linguistics in today's curricula and, at the same time, adapt it both to modern teaching conditions and the needs of bachelor degree students by taking the contemporary Romance languages as a starting point and applying a diachronic perspective on their features
In this context, the recently published History of Spanish by Ranson / Lubbers Quesada (2018) will be presented as an example of a textbook that represents this approach in a nearly perfect manner.