bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ ОТРИМАННЯ ДІАГРАМ ДЕФОРМУВАННЯ БЕТОНУ ПРИ ДІЇ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ВПЛИВІВ
Authors: Бабич Є.М. , Барановский М. М. , Кочкарьов Д. В. , Філіпчук С.В.
Published: August 2022

Наведено методологію встановлення діаграм деформування бетону придії динамічних впливів. Визначення необхідних параметрів відбуваєтьсяметодом ітерацій. Методика зводиться до пошуку необхідної діаграмидеформування бетону при стиску або розтязі. Основні параметри діаграмдеформування при дії динамічних впливів пропонується визначати зенергетичних позицій на основі діаграм деформування при статичнихнавантаженнях. На відміну від існуючих емпіричних формул придатнихлише для окремих видів бетонів запропонований підхід дозволяє більшточно визначати динамічні характеристики матеріалів, тим самим, якзабезпечуючи більшу надійність динамічних розрахунків, так і певнуекономію матеріалів. Достовірність наведеної методології підтвердженошляхом порівняння граничних деформацій бетону визначених занаведеною методологією та за емпіричними виразами отриманимишляхом обробки експериментальних даних.
ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ПІДСИЛЕННЯТА АНКЕРУВАННЯ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ КОМПОЗИТНИМИ МАТЕРІАЛАМИ
Authors: Борисюк О.П. , Зятюк Ю.Ю. , Зінчук Ю.І. , Матвєєв М. В. , Солошко О.М.
Published: August 2022

В європейській практиці широкого використання здобуливуглепластикові матеріали швейцарської фірми Sika, зокрема стрічкаSikaCarbodur та полотно SikaWrap, яке також може використовуватисядля анкерування стрічок SikaCarbodur. Порівняння, систематизація тавизначення оптимального варіанту анкерування стрічки полотномполегшить проектування підсилення конструкцій та спростить їхрозрахунок.
МЕТОДИКА ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОЧАТКОВОГО МОДУЛЯ ПРУЖНОСТІ ТА МОДУЛЯ ДЕФОРМАЦІЙ ДЕРЕВИНИ РІЗНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Гомон Св.Ст. , Гомон Св.Св. , Савицький В.В. , Чорномаз Н.Ю.
Published: August 2022

Приведено методику визначення початкового модуля пружності тамодуля деформацій деревини листяних та хвойних порід різного віку. Запропоновано формулу для визначення таких величин. Встановлено, що зі збільшенням віку деревини від 20 до 60 років початковий модульпружності та модуль деформацій зростають.
МЕТОДИКА РОЗРАХУНКУ МІЦНОСТІ У ПОХИЛИХ ПЕРЕРІЗАХ БАЛКОВИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ
Authors: Довженко О.О. , Погрібний В.В. , Мальована О.О. , Шитова О.М.
Published: August 2022

Встановлена межа застосування методів фермової аналогії та дисковоїмоделі до розрахунку міцності за похилими перерізами залізобетоннихелементів, що згинаються. Визначені області реалізації руйнування заумовним стиснутим елементом та стиснутою зоною над небезпечноюпохилою тріщиною на дію поперечною сили
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗРАХУНКУ ЗА ДРУГОЮ ГРУПОЮ ГРАНИЧНИХ СТАНІВ НЕРОЗРІЗНИХ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ БАЛОК ЗА ДІЇ МАЛОЦИКЛОВИХ ЗНАКОЗМІННИХ НАВАНТАЖЕНЬ
Authors: Масюк Г. Х. , Ющук О.В. , Сасовський Т.А.
Published: August 2022

Стаття присвячена методиці визначення ширини розкриття тріщин тапрогинів в світлі нових норм з урахуванням зміни фізико-механічниххарактеристик бетону за дії мало циклових знакозмінних навантажень. Виявлено, що малоциклові знакозмінні навантаження суттєвовпливають на зміну параметрів напружено-деформованого стану, а самезбільшують ширину розкриття тріщин і прогини балки. Теоретичнірішення задовільно збігаються з експериментальними даними приврахуванні відповідних коефіцієнтів умов роботи, які визначеністатистичним шляхом. Це свідчить про те, що виконаніекспериментально-теоретичні дослідження і аналіз роботи нерозрізнихзалізобетонних балок підтверджують прийнятність вдосконаленняметодики, запропонованої нормами по визначенню прогинів і ширинирозкриття тріщин з урахуванням зазначених навантажень.
РОБОТА ДЕРЕВ’ЯНИХ БАЛОК В УМОВАХ КОСОГО ЗГИНУ ЗА РІЗНИХ КУТІВ НАХИЛУ
Authors: Павлюк А.П. , Гомон С.С.
Published: August 2022

Виконано моделювання та розрахунок дерев'яних балок в умовах косогозгину з використанням програмного комплексу «Ліра». Розрахунокбалок проводився за різних кутів нахилу від 1° до 25°. Проведено аналіззміни напружень та деформацій на різних рівнях навантаження – від0,2Fmax до 0,8Fmax. Встановлено, що збільшення кута нахилу призводитьдо збільшення деформацій балок та максимальних значень напружень встиснутій та розтягнутій зонах поперечного перерізу. Збільшення кутанахилу в більшій мірі впливає на прогини в площині у–у. Приріствеличин повних прогинів та максимальних напружень стиску і розтягуна верхніх рівнях навантаження більший, в порівнянні з аналогічнимивеличинами на нижніх рівнях навантаження при зміні кута нахилубалок від 1° до 25°.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МІЦНІСНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ДЕРЕВИНИ ПІД ВПЛИВОМ АГРЕСИВНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Гомон Св.Св. , Матвіюк О.В. , Довбенко Т.О. , Савчук С.М. , Верешко О.В. , Кулаковський Л.Я.
Published: August 2022

Розроблено методику експериментальних досліджень деревини осьовимстиском уздовж волокон короткочасним навантаженням за роботи вагресивному середовищі за приростом переміщень. Наведено результатидосліджень граничної міцності з врахуванням фактора агресивностісередовища. Встановлено, що вплив кислот на деревину з різнимтерміном просочення значно зменшує її міцнісні показники.
СПІЛЬНА РОБОТА КОМПОЗИТНОЇ АРМАТУРИ З ЛЕГКИМ ТА ВАЖКИМ БЕТОНОМ
Authors: Чапюк О.С. , Гришкова А.В. , Кислюк Д.Я. , Пахолюк О.А. , Задорожнікова І.В.
Published: August 2022

Наведені результати експериментальних досліджень зчепленнякомпозитної склопластикової арматури з пінобетоном класу В3,5 іважким бетоном класу С12/15 (В15). Проведено аналіз зчепленняарматурного стержня з бетонною призмою залежно від довжинианкерування.
ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ФІЗИКО-МЕХІНІЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ БІТУМНИХ В’ЯЖУЧИХ МОДИФІКОВАНИМИ ДОБАВКАМИ
Authors: Гуйван Є.Ф. , Кузло М.Т.
Published: August 2022

В статті розглянуто вплив вмісту модифікуючих добавок, таких яксинтетичні та природні воски на властивості дорожнього бітумногов’яжучого, що використовується в дорожньому будівництві длявиготовлення асфальтобетонних сумішей. Досліджено змінувластивостей бітумного в’яжучого за рахунок різних модифікуючихдобавок.
НЕСУЧА ЗДАТНІСТЬ ПОШКОДЖЕНИХ КАМ’ЯНИХ СТОВПІВ
Authors: Клименко Є.В. , Гриньова І.І.
Published: August 2022

Проведені дослідження роботи позацентровостиснутих кам’янихстовпів, які отримали пошкодження в процесі експлуатації. На підставірезультатів виконаного планування експерименту, проведених натурнихлабораторних досліджень розроблена розроблена методика розрахунку, що базується на основних положеннях чинних норм та розширює їх дію увипадку пошкодження.
The Analysis of Arabic Language Textbooks for Class II Elementary School
Authors: Husna Ilya , Azkiya Hidayati , Febriani Suci Ramadhanti , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Kustati Martin
Published: August 2022

Textbooks are one of the learning resources used in the learning process. As the main learning resource, textbooks serve as a medium for educators and students in an effort to achieve learning objectives. This study aims to describe errors in textbooks. The focus of the research was done by looking at syntactic errors, vocabulary, and writing Arabic words. The source of the data in this research is the Arabic book for Class II Madrasah Ibtidaiyah written by Sunaryo Putro published by PT. Three Series of Independent Libraries, Solo. The research method used is the method of content analysis with the analytical technique used is to record the types of errors contained in the textbook. The results showed that there were 13 errors in the textbook that the author examined with details of 3 errors in syntax, in the form of an error in the final vowel of a word that is not in accordance with its maqam i'rab, 3 errors in vocabulary (mufradat) which is the vocabulary in the book. not in accordance with the actual meaning, as well as 7 errors in writing words that do not refer to the writing of Arabic words that are good and correct, in accordance with the rules of Islamic science.
Principal's Strategy in Developing Student’s Discipline
Authors: Andrias Andrias , Pratama Yoga Anjas , Rais Rinovian , Nurhasanah Muwahidah , Alfiyanto Afif
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the principal's strategy in fostering student discipline at 23 Palembang Junior High Schools and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study uses a qualitative method. Informants in this study were principals, vice principals, teachers, students, and the community—data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation, verification, and checking of the validity of the data. The results showed that the principal in fostering student discipline at 23 Palembang Junior High Schools had several strategies, namely 1) the existence of clear disciplinary rules; 2) providing an excellent example to students; 3) providing coaching; 4) communication with parents of students, and 5) give sanctions to students who violate the rules of school rules.
Language vitality scales and their applicability to specific language situations
Authors: Kazakevich Olga
Published: August 2022

While working on the description and documentation of a minority language, the researcher faces the practical task of defi ning its vitality status. This article is devoted to our experience of solving this problem. At the beginning, we give a brief overview of the concept of vitality and various scales that exist for the classifi cation of languages according to this parameter. Particular attention is paid to the ELCat scale, the use of which is shown on the example of Bezhta (the Bezhta proper dialect), Northern Selkup, Evenki and Khakas languages. We describe some controversial points in the ELCat methods and propose an adjustment for some of them in accordance with the specifi cs of the languages in question. For example, since the level of language vitality can be diff erent in diff erent communities, we estimate vitality level separately for each of them. In addition, a specifi cation of the values of the parameters “intergenerational transmission of language” and “the ratio of the number of speakers and ethnic group” is introduced. In the fi nal part of the article, we discuss general problems arising in determining the vitality level of languages associated with the sources of original data.
Antecedentes sobre sistematización de experiencias de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en educación superior
Authors: Arcos Villota Juan Pablo , Chamorro Guerrero Eyner Fabián , Cárdenas Jairo Andrés , Melo Luis Francisco , Vallejo López Oscar Weimar
Published: August 2022

Los argumentos reflexivos en cuestión están inspirados en la selección y comprensión de algunas experiencias previas de autores que los llevó a generar preguntas similares del presente estudio sobre el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABPr) y el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP). La revisión se centró en la valoración de las estrategias planteadas, considerando los puntos de vista y aportes constructivos de los autores con respecto a las prácticas pedagógicas que se han innovado más allá del rigor académico, sobre todo en educación superior. Los antecedentes sobre la Formación humana competente: Experiencias de aprendizaje basado en proyectos en la Universidad Mariana están enfocados en torno a las siguientes preguntas: ¿cuáles son los propósitos y las metodologías planteadas en las experiencias previas reseñadas? y ¿cuáles son los aportes pertinentes para la formación humana competente en las profesiones?
Enhancing the Skills of Community First Responders (CFR) as The Frontline for Emergency Assistance Through Simulation Training
Authors: Widodo Widodo , Sumardino Sumardino , Sumardiyono Sumardiyono , Darmawan Rendi Editya
Published: August 2022

Background: incidence of emergency case in community increase quickly. The (Community First Responders) CFR competence in implementing emergency algorythm as the first responder out of hospital is very important.Purpose: to discribe the CFR competence in implementing emergency algorythm after following simulation training.Methods: pre experimental without control group design with was chosen with the pre and post-test conducted on February 2021 to CFR in Surakarta Central Java, Indonesia. This study used consecutive sample of 222 CFR. The CFR was asked to fulfill questioner before and after following simulation training. Data were analyzed using paired t test.Results: there are improvements in the 8 basic skills of basic emergency assistance obtained by CFRs after participating in the CFR simulation. The increase in competence is not only in the number of members at a moderate level but also from a moderate level to the highest level.Conclusion: training through simulation is one of the most effective ways to increase the competence of CFR members so that they have adequate capacity as the frontline for help to minimize the risk of death and disability as long as they have not received definitive care in the hospital.
Preparing Nursing Students for Inter-Professional Collaborative Practice through Simulation-Based Inter-Professional Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rachmawati Utami , Jauhar Muhammad , Kusumawardani Lita Heni , Rasdiyanah Rasdiyanah , Rohana I Gusti Ayu Putu Desy
Published: August 2022

Background: Interprofessional Education (IPE) is an integrated education concept to improve collaboration capabilities initiated by WHO. Interprofessional collaboration practices are expected to minimize medication errors, improve quality of care and patient safety.Purpose: to analyze integrative research on the role of simulation-based interprofessional education (IPE) in preparing nursing students to an interprofessional collaboration practices. Methods: a systematic literature review search of four databases of indexed international journals, namely Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCO was conducted. Inclusion criteria used for the search include original research, publication time 2016-2020, English-written, and accessible in full text. Studies were included if they have keywords of “knowledge” OR “perception” AND “interprofessional education” AND “nursing student”. Research articles were critically appraised and analyzed through a table containing the title, author, year, methodology, results, and recommendations. Lastly, data were synthesized narratively to address the study aims.Results: there were 13 research articles that met the criteria. IPE can be implemented in the form of simulations, elective courses, and workshops integrated with the curriculum. The results showed an improvement of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, skills, readiness, and competency of nursing students after simulation-based IPE implementation. Finally, simulation-based IPE implementation prepares nursing students to excel in interprofessional collaboration practicesConclusion: simulation-based IPE should be integrated into the higher education health curriculum especially on clinical nursing practice and professional training. Further investigation is needed to identify relationship conflict, role conflict and performance satisfaction amongst IPC health staff.
Management of Pregnancy with Covid-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sari Lutfiana Puspita , Darmawan Rendi Editya , Suryani Emy , Sagita Sofia
Published: August 2022

Backgrounds: COVID-19 is a new virus that comes since 2019, and attacks the respiratory system. Pregnant women are at high risk for adverse effects from Covid-19 infection, because of the adaptive cardiopulmonary changes during pregnancy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, physiological changes during pregnancy are feared to increased maternal morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection. Safe and effective antenatal care is carried out through special management during the COVID-19 pandemic.Purpose: aim of study is to analyze symptoms, management of pregnancy, childbirth, neonatal, pharmacological therapy and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women.Methods: this research used systematic review method. The samples was obtained from ScienceDirect, Wiley and Pubmed database. The keyword are pregnant women, Covid-19, management pregnancy with Covid-19.Results: 10 original research articles was find and accordance with criteria. Management of COVID-19 pregnancy was regulated to reduce exposure the virus in mother and child population. Multidisciplinary health workers were needed to oversee the continuous care of mothers. COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women was considered safe for mother and fetus.Conclusion: management or guidelines of COVID-19’s pregnancy was carried out continuously and comprehensively to reduce the high rate of morbidity and mortality. COVID – 19 vaccination was attempted as a preventive and protective measure for pregnant women.
e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) Effect on Quality of Life Post-Stroke Patients During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mohtar M Sobirin , Ariani Malisa
Published: August 2022

Background: the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly reduced the quality of life for people who have a history of chronic disease, one of which is stroke. Along with the increasing number of post-stroke patients during this pandemic related to physical function and vitality, of course, it affects the inability of his capacity to check with health services. The implementation of education is directly hit by time constraints and the pandemic situation, therefore it is necessary to have individual counseling through e-Counseling.Purpose: to analyze the effect of e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) on WHO Quality Of Life (WHOQOL) Post-Stroke Patients during the Covid-19 Pandemic.Methods: pre-experimental with pre-test post-test one group design. The population in this study were people with post-stroke disease who were in the Banjarmasin city area and were affected by the pandemic. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. The stages are identifying several areas affected by the pandemic, socializing health counseling online, followed by e-CES intervention and seeing the impact on WHO Quality of Life. Paired t-test was used in analayzing the data.Results: the pretest score with a mean of 72.67 was obtained, while in the post-test there was an increase in the average value of 75.23 with each p-value = 0.027.Conclusion: there is an effect of e-Counseling Education Services (e-CES) on the WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL) of post-stroke patients during the Covid-19 pandemic.
امام شاطبی ؒ کی نگاہ میں کتاب و سنت کے تعلق کی مختلف جہیتں
Authors: Hafiz Farhan Arshad  , Hafiz Mahmood Akhtar  , Saeed Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Imam Shatibi in his famous book, Al-Mawafqat, has given a very elegant and unique discussion on the relationship between Qur'an and Sunnah. He endeavored to focus and synchronize the nature of Shari’ah in such a way that it should be in exact accordance with the holy Qur’an and Sunnah. He debated in a logical and systematic manner regarding the idea of the exegesis, the relationship between human interests and exposition, the nature of the certitude of the Qur’anic interpretation, the suspicions of the Ahad newspaper; in the exegesis Sunnah is the offshoot of the Qur'an, the completion of Shari’ah under the influence of certainty of Shari’ah, explanation of the partial rules of the Qur'an, investigating the dubitable branches by tracing down their origins, extension of the Qur'anic command due to genuine cause, inference from the Qur'anic allusions. Moreover, he has presented research on topics such as general customization and the precedence of Qur'an over Sunnah.

Keyword: Qur’an, Sunnah, Islam, Al-Mawafqat, Imam Shatbi
احادیث کی روشنی میں سیرت النبی صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم کے اجتہادی پہلو
Authors: Muhammad Hammad Atta  , Yasmine Nazir
Published: August 2022

Ijtihad is an important way in Islamic legislation to reach the right decision in any matter. When a mujtahid performs Ijtihad with all Ijtihad and effort, he is sure to get his reward. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) also used Ijtihad in some instances during his life. But if Ijtihad was done in a particular religious matter and there was room for improvement in it, then Allah would have guided him through revelation. If the matter of Ijtihad was related to any work of the pure world, it would not have been changed by revelation, but in such matters the Prophet (PBUH) would have given his Companions the right to believe or not to believe. In this article, we have mentioned the aspects of Ijtihad during the life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). These are divided into four strands, namely, "worship, affairs, war and worldly".

Keywords: Hadith, Biography of Prophet (PBUH), Ijtihad aspects
Deterritorialization/reterritorialization of Raramuri knowledge: within the landscapes of Mulaka
Authors:   , Gonzalez Rafael
Published: August 2022

Independent video game developers are changing the game industry by creating new genres like Indigenous gaming using narratives that represent Indigenous groups. These representations form part of the video game production and provide an immersive gaming experience for the players. These interactions could be mapped into a video game assemblage of multiple actors: The game designer, game player, Indigenous knowledge, and the game itself. Deleuze and Guattari's rhizome serves as a model to study assemblage networks in a non-linear and non-hierarchal way. The study focuses on Indigenous knowledge traversing through a video game assemblage, encountering other actors. The thesis questions how Indigenous knowledge is shaped internally (digital space) and externally (distribution and game players) of the video game assemblage. And what changes occur within that knowledge, and how does it affect the other actors. The first chapter introduces rhizomatic concepts and applications in social science, game studies, and geography. The second chapter applies rhizomatic thinking in the video game production of Mulaka, examining the relationship between the Raramuri and the game designers. Moreover, the designers deterritorialized Raramuri oral stories to reterritorialize them into the game's digital landscapes, narrative, and mechanics. In addition, the paper looks at the game's use of platforms, creating pathways that connect non-native players worldwide. Finally, the paper concludes that Indigenous knowledge is constantly evolving even before the game. Once its part of the video game assemblage, the knowledge hybridizes further and changes the other actor's identity, including the game player.
The instituionalization of the public school system in Missouri: 1865-1882
Authors:   , Jackson Lauren Nancy
Published: August 2022

By the early 1870s, the public school system in Missouri became an embedded institution in the state's cultural and political fabric. This thesis provides an explanation of how and why Missouri powerholders solidified a government-supplemented educational system during Reconstruction, along with the strategies used to help the system weather the storm of political upheaval and citizen pushback in the decade after Reconstruction's close. The post-Civil War system initiated by state-level Radical Republicans was built on Missouri's antebellum common system, incubated in St. Louis, and in its early stages across the state prior to the conflict. The postbellum public system was a product of the Radical agenda to open publicly funded schools to children regardless of skin color, place of birth, gender, or class. Cultural mores held by some Missouri citizens--racism and anti-tax sentiment, among others--resulted in uneven application of reforms at the local level, but powerholders navigated this convoluted terrain through promotion, an emphasis on teacher professionalization, and a push for capacity expansion to further root the system in Missouri communities. The end of Radical Republican leadership in 1870 did not signal the end of the public school system; rather, spurred by urban growth, rural adaptation, and an expanding web of education-adjacent groups and businesses, public schooling survived in a post-Radical political environment. The system's institutionalization required Democrats to critique and modify within the system. This thesis argues that the survival of public schools from 1865 onward was neither assured nor even likely in Missouri, but key leadership choices and the legacy of education in St. Louis resulted in its continuance.
Associations between genetic risk for trait aggression and alcohol use predicting alcohol-related aggression
Authors:   , Spychala Kellyn Michelle
Published: August 2022

A propensity for aggression and/or alcohol use may be associated with alcoholrelated aggression. Previous research has shown genetic overlap between alcohol use and aggression, but has not looked at how alcohol-related aggression may be uniquely influenced by genetic risk for aggression and/or alcohol use. The current study examined the associations of genetic risk for trait aggression, antisocial behavior, and alcohol use with alcohol-related aggression using a polygenic risk score (PRS) approach. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, PRSs were created for trait aggression, antisocial behavior, alcohol consumption, and alcohol dependence. These four PRSs were used to predict alcohol-related aggression in two independent samples, the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) Family Alcoholism Study (n=1164) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; n=4291). Results indicated significant associations of PRSs for trait aggression, antisocial behavior, and alcohol consumption predicting alcohol-related aggression in the UCSF study sample with the most significant results pertaining to verbal aggression. PRSs for alcohol consumption were also associated with hitting a family member, and PRSs for alcohol dependence were associated with hitting anyone else in the UCSF study sample. No significant associations were observed in the Add Health study sample. Together, these results provide preliminary evidence that genetic influence for alcohol use and aggression uniquely predict different aspects of alcohol-related aggression.
Bacterial culture and susceptibility of samples taken from septic foot lesions of adult beef cattle
Authors:   , Walker Kelsey Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

Lameness is an economically important and common disease of cattle. Foot disease is the most common cause of cattle lameness; however, there are few publications regarding lameness in cow-calf operations. The objectives of this study were to describe the most commonly isolated bacteria from septic foot lesions of adult beef cattle and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria. Fifty-four cattle [greater than or equal to] 18 months of age diagnosed with a sole abscess or distal interphalangeal joint sepsis that were presented to the MU VHC from cow-calf operations were enrolled. Abscess fluid samples were cultured under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry or partial genome sequencing. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on isolates (n = 96) when a particular species was isolated from [greater than or equal to] 5 samples. Fifty of the 54 samples were polymicrobial. Trueperella pyogenes (n=22/54) and Streptococcus uberis (16/54) were the most commonly isolated bacteria. Eighty-one of the 96 tested isolates were resistant to [greater than or equal to] 1 antimicrobial and multidrug resistance was identified in 38/96 isolates. Overall, resistance to oxytetracycline (n=50/96) and tylosin (40/96) was common while resistance to ceftiofur (5/96) was rare among all tested isolates. Septic processes of the foot in adult beef cattle are often polymicrobial and likely opportunistic in origin and antimicrobial resistance is common.
From biomass to wearable devices: laser-induced graphene derived from lignin for ultrasensitive sensing
Authors:   , Yang Shuhong
Published: August 2022

Laser-indued graphene (LIG) is 3D porous structure with many promising properties. Lignin-based precursor has shown its unique properties in generating high quality LIG among various organic carbon-based substrates. In this study, we explored LIG derived from lignin for an ultrasensitive strain sensor for the first time. The main procedures included the precursor preparation, laser writing process, sensor fabrication, sensitivity test to strains and vibrations, and performance test on human body. The results demonstrated an excellent performance of our strain sensors with high accuracy and ultrasenstivity, suggesting the promising future of lignin valorization into LIG and futher wearable devices.
Young children's use of working memory for producing unfamiliar sentence structures
Authors:   , Adams Eryn Janae
Published: August 2022

In a previous study (here termed Study 1), we explored the effects of working memory loads on young children's recall of passive voice structures. We found that participants (n = 36) were more likely to use the passive voice in recall responses when holding an unrelated memory load but were more likely to use the active voice when not under load. In the two new studies presented here (Studies 2 and 3), I extend these findings to explore how working memory loads impact not only children's recall but also their construction of original passive voice structures. In the first new study, I used a similar method to Adams and Cowan (2021) but gave 4- and 5-year-old participants (n = 38) more instruction and practice recalling the passive. Responses were categorized as either passive or active voice sentences (a small subset of responses could not be categorized as either syntax). Participants were more likely than in the previous work to use the passive voice overall, but use was not significantly impacted by memory loads. Participants were more likely to use the active voice when there was no load, as in the previous study. In a second study, I explored if 4- and 5-year-old children (n = 36) could form their own passive voice constructions about animations depicting transitive actions. Participants used the passive voice in around 21 percent of all responses, and used the active voice for most of the remaining responses. Working memory loads did not cause participants to speak in the passive or active voice more often. Performance on the QUILS, which combined measures of vocabulary, syntax, and processing abilities, predicted participant's ability to use the passive voice, especially when under working memory load. Combined results demonstrate the difference in task demand between recalling passive sentences versus constructing passive sentences and how working memory contributes to each.
Advances in automated surgery skills evaluation
Authors:   , Albasri Safaa
Published: August 2022

Training a surgeon to be skilled and competent to perform a given surgical procedure, is an important step in providing a high quality of care and reducing the risk of complications. Traditional surgical training is carried out by expert surgeons who observe and assess the trainees directly during a given procedure. However, these traditional training methods are time-consuming, subjective, costly, and do not offer an overall surgical expertise evaluation criterion. The solution for these subjective evaluation methods is a sensor-based methodology able to objectively assess the surgeon's skill level. The development and advances in sensor technologies enable capturing and studying the information obtained from complex surgery procedures. If the surgical activities that occur during a procedure are captured using a set of sensors, then the skill evaluation methodology can be defined as a motion and time series analysis problem. This work aims at developing machine learning approaches for automated surgical skill assessment based on hand motion analysis. Specifically, this work presents several contributions to the field of objective surgical techniques using multi-dimensional time series, such as 1) introduce a new distance measure for the surgical activities based on the alignment of two multi-dimensional time series, 2) develop an automated classification framework to identify the surgeon proficiency level using wrist worn sensors, 3) develop a classification technique to identify elementary surgical tasks: suturing, needle passing, and knot tying , 4) introduce a new surgemes mean feature reduction technique which help improve the machine learning algorithms, 5) develop a framework for surgical gesture classification by employing the mean feature reduction method, 6) design an unsupervised method to identify the surgemes in a given procedure.
Deep learning architectures for 2D and 3D scene perception
Authors:   , Bao Rina
Published: August 2022

Scene understanding is a fundamental problem in computer vision tasks, that is being more intensively explored in recent years with the development of deep learning. In this dissertation, we proposed deep learning structures to address challenges in 2D and 3D scene perception. We developed several novel architectures for 3D point cloud understanding at city-scale point by effectively capturing both long-range and short-range information to handle the challenging problem of large variations in object size for city-scale point cloud segmentation. GLSNet++ is a two-branch network for multiscale point cloud segmentation that models this complex problem using both global and local processing streams to capture different levels of contextual and structural 3D point cloud information. We developed PointGrad, a new graph convolution gradient operator for capturing structural relationships, that encoded point-based directional gradients into a high-dimensional multiscale tensor space. Using the Point- Grad operator with graph convolution on scattered irregular point sets captures the salient structural information in the point cloud across spatial and feature scale space, enabling efficient learning. We integrated PointGrad with several deep network architectures for large-scale 3D point cloud semantic segmentation, including indoor scene and object part segmentation. In many real application areas including remote sensing and aerial imaging, the class imbalance is common and sufficient data for rare classes is hard to acquire or has high-cost associated with expert labeling. We developed MDXNet for few-shot and zero-shot learning, which emulates the human visual system by leveraging multi-domain knowledge from general visual primitives with transfer learning for more specialized learning tasks in various application domains. We extended deep learning methods in various domains, including the material domain for predicting carbon nanotube forest attributes and mechanical properties, biomedical domain for cell segmentation.
Glutamine metabolism and interactions with mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 in porcine preimplantation embryos
Authors:   , Chen Paula Renee
Published: August 2022

The ability to culture embryos has created opportunities for animal agriculture, including the refined selection of superior genetics, and for the medical field, allowing couples experiencing infertility to have biological children. Moreover, culturing embryos has led to the generation of numerous genetically modified models for improving production agriculture as well as studying genetic diseases in humans and testing novel therapeutics. Preimplantation embryos exhibit the ability to adapt to different culture conditions; however, cultured embryos are developmentally delayed and often less viable than those developing in vivo. Moreover, there is a significant amount of embryonic loss that occurs during the first few weeks of gestation, especially in pregnancies containing in vitro-produced embryos. Therefore, our overall goal is to understand the ways in which porcine preimplantation embryos use components of the culture medium so that we can modify conditions to improve development and increase the success of establishing pregnancies. The first aim was to determine if there was a deficiency of glutamine in our culture medium which was indicated by a previous transcriptional profiling dataset. The second aim was to investigate if glutamine acted as a signaling molecule in porcine preimplantation embryos to activate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the main growth-regulating complex in cells. The final aim was to elucidate the role of a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, glutaminase, during development to the blastocyst stage and subsequent elongation of porcine conceptuses as well as interactions with mTORC1. These studies provided insight into amino acid metabolism and regulation of cell signaling pathways as a basis for understanding the impact of the culture system on an embryo.
Real-time detection of dopamine -- aptamer interactions in a nanopore: a label-free toolkit for study of nucleic-acid-based molecular sensors.
Authors:   , Chingarande Rugare George
Published: August 2022

Understanding how small molecules regulate nucleic acid structures is important in both biomechanism elucidation and biotechnological applications. Through the conformational variation, native nucleic acid motifs can be used as the targets to screen therapeutic compounds; In vitro selected aptamers can be used to detect small molecule biomarkers such as neurotransmitters and hormones, and ligand-triggered riboswitches can be designed to control gene expressions. All these applications need a rapid universal platform to detect nucleic acid conformational change in response to small molecule binding. Here we propose a label-free, non-invasive, and modular aptamer-inlaid nanopore capable of revealing time-resolved single nucleic acid molecule conformational transitions at the millisecond resolution. When a dopamine aptamer is docked in the MspA protein pore, the ion current through the pore can characteristically vary as the aptamer transitions between different conformations, recording a sequence of current fingerprints for binding and release of single neurotransmitter molecules from the aptamer. Without the need to mix the aptamer and the ligand, the sensor can quantify the target neurotransmitter, discriminate between different neurotransmitters, assay nucleic acid-ligand interactions, elucidate the ligand selectivity mechanism and pinpoint the ligand docking motifs in the aptamer, offering a potential nanopore toolbox for multiple small molecule biomarkers detection and screening nucleic acid-targeted small molecule regulators. Finally, we optimize the sensitivity of the nanopore sensor by employing divalent ions.
Phytoplankton response to water quality threats in Midwest reservoirs
Authors:   , Cianci-Gaskill Jacob Aaron
Published: August 2022

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms and invasive species threaten water quality. These threats are expected to worsen in the future, emphasizing the need for creative management solutions and a thorough understanding of their impacts. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the influence of light on biomass and community composition of phytoplankton with the hypothesis that light will have an impact, regardless of nutrients and grazing. We investigate a novel geoengineering approach designed to control cyanobacteria by reducing light. We demonstrate that daily application of glacial rock flour, a fine particulate that floats on the water's surface, reduces light by half and results in up to a 78 percent decrease in cyanobacterial biovolume. We also look at the accumulation of microcystin in the tissues of bluegill and largemouth bass. Microcystin is higher in bluegill, likely because they feed from lower trophic levels. It is also higher in spring and decreases throughout the year, suggesting that time of the year might be an important consideration for microcystin fish consumption advisories. We also find that invasive zebra mussels are not causing an increase in water clarity in MO reservoirs like they are in natural, northern latitude lakes. This could be because reservoir conditions are suboptimal for zebra mussels, thus preventing them from reaching high densities. Understanding how aquatic resources have responded to stressors in the past enables us to predict how they will respond to changes in the future.
Defeat data poisoning attacks on facial recognition applications
Authors:   , Cole Dalton Russell
Published: August 2022

In the modern era, facial photos are used for a wide array of applications, from logging into a smartphone to bragging about a weekend getaway. With the vast amount of use cases for facial images, adversaries will attack these applications for profit. This dissertation focuses on two major applications of facial photos: facial authentication and deepfakes. Facial authentication has become increasingly popular on personal devices. Due to the ease of use, it has great potential to be widely deployed for web-service authentication in the near future in which people can easily log on to online accounts from different devices without memorizing lengthy passwords. However, the growing number of attacks targeting machine learning, especially Deep Neural Networks (DNN), which is commonly used for facial recognition, imposes big challenges on the successful roll-out of such web-service facial authentication. We demonstrate a new data poisoning attack, called replacement data poisoning, which does not require the adversary to have any knowledge of the server-side and simply needs a handful of malicious photo injections to enable an attacker to impersonate the victim in existing facial authentication systems. We then propose a novel defensive approach called DEFEAT that leverages deep learning techniques to automatically detect such attacks. Our experiments using real-world datasets achieve a detection accuracy of over 90 percent. Deepfakes target specific individuals to cause shame or misinformation. With the spread of fake news, deepfakes have become incredibly prevalent in recent years. With deepfakes, an adversary could have photographic or even video-graphic \proof" of someone, such as a politician, committing a devious act or saying untrue words. Our deepfake work consists of two parts. First, we propose a label ipping data poisoning attack targeting deepfake detectors. With over a 99 percent poison success rate in most cases, this attack demonstrates the devastating effects a data poisoning attack can have on deepfake detectors and how important a need to defend against this assault is. Our second contribution revolves around defending deepfake detectors from such an attack. We propose several defense strategies, most notably a convolutional neural network (CNN) based strategy to detect poisoned images. Our CNN-based approach achieves a greater than 98 percent poison detection rate while keeping the number of false positives to a minimum with a precision rate of over 99 percent in most cases.
Using metabolic and biochemical characteristics of postmortem muscle to investigate the interconnectedness of beef color, flavor, and tenderness
Authors:   , Cooper Jade Victoria
Published: August 2022

Understanding relationships between beef palatability and quality components are crucial for continued production of high quality and consistent beef products. Myoglobin concentrations at 48 and 336 h resulted in moderate, negative correlations (P [less than] 0.05) to Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) values at 336 h postmortem. Metmyoglobin reducing activity at 336 h exhibited moderate, positive (P [less than] 0.05) relationships with slice shear force (SSF) and WBSF values at 48 h. L*, a*, and b* values at 48 h resulted in moderate, positive correlations (P [less than] 0.05) with WBSF values at 48 and 336 h. L* values at 336 h exhibited moderate, positive correlations with SSF values at 336 h and WBSF values at both 48 and 336 h. Values for b* at 336 h exhibited moderate, positive correlations with calpain-1 concentration at 0 and 336 h. Relationships between glycolytic and oxidative intermediates and color stability and tenderness attributes indicate that muscle metabolic state and biochemical attributes play a role in the animal to animal variation of quality attributes in beef longissimus lumborum at two aging periods. Traits associated with increased oxidative capacity such as oxygen consumption and NORA were negatively (P [less than] 0.05) related with attributes such as overall tenderness, juiciness, beef, brown and umami and positively (P [less than] 0.05) related with attribute such as musty, spoiled, bitter and heated oil. Data indicate that metabolic profile and aging time contribute to color stability, tenderness, flavor profile development and overall palatability.
Performing resurrection: upholding the spirit and legacy of El Salvador's Saint Oscar A. Romero through Bread and Puppet's and MECATE's radical theatre activism and liberation theology
Authors:   , Cornejo Xiomara
Published: August 2022

Amidst death threats by the right-wing military for denouncing human rights violations during the Salvadoran Civil War, Salvadoran priest Archbishop Oscar A. Romero (1917-1980), a proponent of liberation theology, declared he was not afraid of death because he believed in resurrection; if killed, he would resurrect in the Salvadoran people. Shortly after, Romero was assassinated by the right-wing military while giving mass. In 1985, the North American protest theatre group Bread and Puppet Theater presented The Nativity, Crucifixion, and Resurrection of Archbishop Oscar A. Romero of El Salvador, his life, death, and dramatized resurrection in Nicaragua. This study investigates the role of performance in 'resurrecting' Romero's spirit and social justice legacy. Romero was canonized as a Saint by the Catholic Church in 2018. I utilize social movement theory and a hybrid methodological approach, drawing from autoethnography, historiography, oral history, and dramatic writing, and analyzing primary and secondary sources and participant observations during my company apprenticeship to understand performance as manifestations of Romero. My analysis concludes that upholding Romero's teachings through performance, like The Nativity and other group actions and behaviors, embodies Romero's spirit, held cultural, political, and personal implications for participants, contextualizes Bread and Puppet's praxis in the spirit of liberation theology and fostered transnational solidarity activism between Bread and Puppet and MECATE. This study contributes to the limited knowledge of protest theatre history within the Americas. It expands on existing Bread and Puppet history, highlighting its Latin American influence, preserves the legacy of Romero and MECATE, and offers new insight into radical theatre practices between the US and Central America as a model.
M-adic perturbations in Noetherian local rings
Authors:   , Cox-Steib Nicholas O.
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this thesis is to develop methods for the study m-adic stability in an arbitrary Noetherian local ring. A key role is played by the Artin-Rees lemma. Using these techniques we establish new results about the continuity of Hilbert-Samuel and Hilbert- Kunz multiplicities under m-adic perturbations.
Examining the influence of STEM college program participation on engineering persistence among first-generation college students in engineering
Authors:   , Diaz David
Published: August 2022

The present study used Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent et al., 1994; Lent et al., 2000) to examine the influence of college STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) program participation on engineering persistence among first-generation college students (FGCS) in engineering. Data for the present study came from a larger longitudinal study on engineering students that collected data from a quantitative (Qualtrics) survey during Spring 2015 and Spring 2016 across 11 universities in the United States. Participants for this present study were 473 FGCS (73.4 percent Latinx and 26.6. percent White) across different undergraduate class standings pursuing an engineering degree. Participants in the present study were considered FGCS if neither of their parents had obtained a 4-year college degree. Results suggested some support for SCCT proposed social-cognitive relationships among this sample of Latinx and White FGCS pursuing an engineering degree. In addition, results indicated that FGCS who participated in college STEM programs needed lower level of engineering goals to persist in engineering compared to those who did not participate in college STEM programs. Practical and research implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.