bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanomyographic amplitude tracks fatigue-induced changes in mean power, but not moment production
Authors: Hill Ethan C. , Housh Terry J. , Smith Cory M. , Schmidt Richard J. , Johnson Glen O.
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND:

It has been hypothesized [1] that the amplitude of the mechanomyographic (MMG) signal should track mean power output (MP) during dynamic muscle actions. Bodor's hypothesis has been supported in studies of non-fatigued muscles where MMG amplitude was shown to track velocity-related changes in MP, but not moment production, during concentric and eccentric muscle actions.

OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this study was to further test the hypothesis of Bodor [1] by examining the patterns of MMG amplitude responses during a fatiguing workbout that included repetitions that were characterized by constant moment production, but decreasing MP.

METHODS:

Eleven subjects performed 50 submaximal (65% of peak moment), concentric, isokinetic, forearm flexion repetitions at 60°/s. Polynomial regression analyses were used to examine the composite patterns of responses for moment, MP, and MMG amplitude from the biceps brachii across the fatiguing workbout.

RESULTS:

There were linear decreases across the repetitions for MP(r = 0.93) and MMG amplitude (r= 0.70), but no change in moment production.

CONCLUSIONS:

The current findings extend the hypothesis of Bodor [1] to the process of fatigue and suggested that MMG amplitude may be useful for monitoring decreases in MP during submaximal, fatiguing workbout where moment production is maintained.
Effect of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy on maternal serum screening tests
Authors: Türkmen G.G. , Timur H. , Yilmaz Z. , Kirbas A. , Daglar K. , Tokmak A. , Uygur D. , Danişman N.
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the changes in the first and second trimester maternal serum biochemical markers used for prenatal screening are associated with euploid pregnancies complicated by intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).

METHODS: A total of 94 pregnant women were included in this retrospective comparative study. Thirty-seven women whose pregnancy was complicated with ICP constituted the study group whereas 57 of them constituted the control group. All hospital records were examined in terms of combined first trimester screening test and second trimester triple test parameters. Perinatal outcomes were also recorded.

RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in term of age, BMI, and obstetric history (all p > 0.05). Mean serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum bile acid concentrations in the study group were significantly higher than in the controls ( p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of first and second trimester serum biochemical markers. Newborn gender, route of birth, and NICU admission rates were also similar in the two groups. Mean birth weight of the control group was statistically significantly higher than the ICP group ( p = 0.012).

CONCLUSION: We report no significant differences between pregnancies complicated by ICP and healthy pregnancies in terms of first and second trimester maternal serum screening test results.
Challenges, successes and opportunities for reducing readmissions in a referral-based children’s hospital NICU
Authors: Bapat R. , McClead R. , Shepherd E. , Ryshen G. , Bartman T.
Published: December 2016

AIM: To evaluate readmission data in a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to identify patient characteristics and process failures which serve as drivers for readmission.

METHODS: Our center is a primary referral center in Central and Southeast Ohio, providing us a unique opportunity to evaluate readmissions. We studied our current discharge process, caregiver perception of discharge readiness, parental comfort and the pre-discharge and post-discharge characteristics of infants.

RESULTS: Our readmission rate during the 4 year period has remained stable at 9.8%. 74% of the caregivers rated that their perception of their baby’s medical readiness for discharge was good to excellent. Duration of hospitalization and public insurance coverage (Medicaid) were significant risk factors for readmission ( p = 0.00). In our setting, the majority of the patients are readmitted through the emergency department and nearly half of all readmissions were for 3 or fewer days. Patients discharged from our Comprehensive Center for BPD had similar readmission rate despite characteristics which should increase their readmission rate.

CONCLUSIONS: Readmission rate is a poor indicator of the quality of care provided in the NICU. In addition to patient factors such as longer length of stay and Medicaid, our data suggests that preventing readmission depends on having systems in place to help families cope with transition of care after discharge.
The effects of thyroid function on retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Korkmaz Levent , Baştuğ Osman , Daar Ghaniya , Korkut Sabriye , Özdemir Ahmet , Adnan Öztürk Mehmet , Güneş Tamer , Kurtoğlu Selim
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether TSH and fT4 have a role in the angiogenesis of vaso-obliteration and neovascularization which are the basic pathophysiology of ROP.

METHODS: In this retrospective case-control study, the control group ( n = 56) included preterm newborns with risk for ROP while the laser group ( n = 63) was recruited from cases who developed severe neovascularization and needed laser photocoagulation therapy. Considering the first (vaso-obliteration) and second (neovascularization) phases of the disease, in this study we researched the distribution of thyroid function tests between groups.

RESULTS: With regard to the first phase of the disease, TSH and fT4 showed no significant differences between the control and laser groups accordingly ( P > 0.05). Likewise, in the second phase of ROP, there was no significant difference between the control and laser groups with respect to TSH and fT4 levels ( P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: We found that between the study groups, the levels of thyroid function tests did not have any significant differences, either in the first or the second phases of ROP which are the principal pathophysiology of the disease. Therefore, it was concluded that thyroid hormone values were not informative markers in the course of the disease in preterm babies at risk of developing ROP.
Exemplary Goods: Exemplars as Judgment Devices
Authors: Dekker Erwin
Published: December 2016

In this article the notion of exemplars is developed to study valuation processes. It argues that exemplary goods are an important ‘judgment device’ on markets of singular goods, which has so far been ignored in the literature. The article draws on Hannah Arendt’s theory of exemplars, as well as literature from the philosophy of science and psychology to construct the new concept. Exemplars are particular goods that become focal points in markets that facilitate the mutual coordination of consumers and producers. From these exemplars norms of quality emerge which are otherwise hard or impossible to explicate. These exemplars and the norms of quality which emerge from them help shape the expectations of both producers and consumers with regard to new goods that are introduced to the market. Two illustrative cases, on classic literature and hip-hop music, are presented to demonstrate the relevance of the concept.
Handling Rejection as Failure: Aspiring Writers Getting the Rejection Slip
Authors: Fürst Henrik
Published: December 2016

Included in the definition of being an aspiring person is the risk of failure. Aspiring fiction writers are no exception. This article shows that the role of aspiring fiction writer involves managing three issues: the hope of being published, rejection by a publisher, and the perception of the rejection as a failure. Drawing on 47 interviews with fiction writers who have attempted to become first-time writers, the analysis shows that aspiring writers’ responses to rejection are related to accepting and dismissing responsibility for having failed and admitting or dismissing the rejection as a perceived failure. Based on these findings, the article presents procedures associated with four main approaches to dealing with failure: conceding, excusing, justifying, and refusing. This conceptual framework for understanding failure contributes to a theoretical understanding of evaluation and valuation processes and their consequences and to empirical studies of rejection as career failure; it also systematizes and extends Goffmans work on cooling out strategies.
Classification Situations : A New Field of Research for Valuation Studies?
Authors: Jürgenmeyer Julian , Krenn Karoline
Published: December 2016

This conference note adds to recent discussions about the sociological implications of the spread of digital techniques for classifying market actors, specifically with regard to processes of social stratification. We first present some of the contributions to the conference “Classification Situations in Markets” and then discuss their implications for future research in general and the field of valuation studies in particular. We suggest three themes related to the conference that deserve further attention by students of valuation and related social processes: (a) the challenges posed by the rise of big data and algorithmic classifications to the study of classification and valuation; (b) the feedback loops of valuation regimes, in particular their consequences for conceptions of the self; and (c) the relation between classification situations and larger institutional settings, which implies a more explicitly comparative orientation.
The difference in the thermal conductivity of nanofluids measured by different methods and its rationalization
Authors: Zagabathuni Aparna , Ghosh Sudipto , Pabi Shyamal Kumar
Published: December 2016

A suspension of particles below 100 nm in size, usually termed as nanofluid, often shows a notable enhancement in thermal conductivity, when measured by the transient hot-wire method. In contrast, when the conductivity of the same nanofluid is measured by the laser flash method, the enhancement reported is about one order of magnitude lower. This difference has been quantitatively resolved for the first time on the basis of the collision-mediated heat transfer model for nanofluids proposed earlier by our research group. Based on the continuum simulation coupled with stochastic analysis, the present theoretical prediction agrees well with the experimental observations from different measuring methods reported in the literature, and fully accounts for the different results from the two measuring methods mentioned above. This analysis also gives an indication that the nanofluids are unlikely to be effective for heat transfer in microchannels.
Synthesis of spiro[isoindole-1,5’-isoxazolidin]-3(2H)-ones as potential inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction
Authors: Giofrè Salvatore V , Cirmi Santa , Mancuso Raffaella , Nicolò Francesco , Lanza Giuseppe , Legnani Laura , Campisi Agata , Chiacchio Maria A , Navarra Michele , Gabriele Bartolo , Romeo Roberto
Published: December 2016

A series of spiro[isoindole-1,5-isoxazolidin]-3(2H)-ones has been synthesized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-benzylnitrone with isoindolin-3-methylene-1-ones. The regio- and stereoselectivity of the process have been rationalized by computational methods. The obtained compounds show cytotoxic properties and antiproliferative activity in the range of 9–22 μM. Biological tests suggest that the antitumor activity could be linked to the inhibition of the protein–protein p53-MDM2 interaction. Docking measurements support the biological data.
EXOPLANETARY DETECTION BY MULTIFRACTAL SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Agarwal Sahil , Sordo Fabio Del , Wettlaufer John S.
Published: December 2016

Owing to technological advances, the number of exoplanets discovered has risen dramatically in the last few years. However, when trying to observe Earth analogs, it is often difficult to test the veracity of detection. We have developed a new approach to the analysis of exoplanetary spectral observations based on temporal multifractality, which identifies timescales that characterize planetary orbital motion around the host star and those that arise from stellar features such as spots. Without fitting stellar models to spectral data, we show how the planetary signal can be robustly detected from noisy data using noise amplitude as a source of information. For observation of transiting planets, combining this method with simple geometry allows us to relate the timescales obtained to primary and secondary eclipse of the exoplanets. Making use of data obtained with ground-based and space-based observations we have tested our approach on HD 189733b. Moreover, we have investigated the use of this technique in measuring planetary orbital motion via Doppler shift detection. Finally, we have analyzed synthetic spectra obtained using the SOAP 2.0 tool, which simulates a stellar spectrum and the influence of the presence of a planet or a spot on that spectrum over one orbital period. We have demonstrated that, so long as the signal-to-noise-ratio ≥ 75, our approach reconstructs the planetary orbital period, as well as the rotation period of a spot on the stellar surface.
AN EXPLORATION OF THE STATISTICAL SIGNATURES OF STELLAR FEEDBACK
Authors: Boyden Ryan D. , Koch Eric W. , Rosolowsky Erik W. , Offner Stella S. R.
Published: December 2016

All molecular clouds are observed to be turbulent, but the origin, means of sustenance, and evolution of the turbulence remain debated. One possibility is that stellar feedback injects enough energy into the cloud to drive observed motions on parsec scales. Recent numerical studies of molecular clouds have found that feedback from stars, such as protostellar outflows and winds, injects energy and impacts turbulence. We expand upon these studies by analyzing magnetohydrodynamic simulations of molecular clouds, including stellar winds, with a range of stellar mass-loss rates and magnetic field strengths. We generate synthetic 12CO(1–0) maps assuming that the simulations are at the distance of the nearby Perseus molecular cloud. By comparing the outputs from different initial conditions and evolutionary times, we identify differences in the synthetic observations and characterize these using common astrostatistics. We quantify the different statistical responses using a variety of metrics proposed in the literature. We find that multiple astrostatistics, including the principal component analysis, the spectral correlation function, and the velocity coordinate spectrum (VCS), are sensitive to changes in stellar mass-loss rates and/or time evolution. A few statistics, including the Cramer statistic and VCS, are sensitive to the magnetic field strength. These findings demonstrate that stellar feedback influences molecular cloud turbulence and can be identified and quantified observationally using such statistics.
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE PROPER MOTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL STARS IN STELLAR STREAMS: ORPHAN, SAGITTARIUS, LETHE, AND THE NEW “PARALLEL STREAM”
Authors: Sohn Sangmo Tony , van der Marel Roeland P. , Kallivayalil Nitya , Majewski Steven R. , Besla Gurtina , Carlin Jeffrey L. , Law David R. , Siegel Michael H. , Anderson Jay
Published: December 2016

We present a multi-epoch Hubble Space Telescope (HST) study of stellar proper motions (PMs) for four fields along the Orphan Stream. We determine absolute PMs of several individual stars per target field using established techniques that utilize distant background galaxies to define a stationary reference frame. Five Orphan Stream stars are identified in one of the four fields based on combined color–magnitude and PM information. The average PM is consistent with the existing model of the Orphan Stream by Newberg et al. In addition to the Orphan Stream stars, we detect stars that likely belong to other stellar streams. To identify which stellar streams these stars belong to, we examine the 2d bulk motion of each group of stars on the sky by subtracting the PM contribution of the solar motion (which is a function of position on the sky and distance) from the observed PMs, and comparing the vector of net motion with the spatial extent of known stellar streams. By doing this, we identify candidate stars in the Sagittarius and Lethe streams, and a newly found stellar stream at a distance of ∼17 kpc, which we tentatively name the “Parallel Stream.” Together with our Sagittarius stream study, this work demonstrates that even in the Gaia era, HST will continue to be advantageous in measuring PMs of old stellar populations on a star-by-star basis, especially for distances beyond ∼10 kpc.
COMMON ORIGIN OF TWO RR LYRAE POPULATIONS AND THE DOUBLE RED CLUMP IN THE MILKY WAY BULGE
Authors: Lee Young-Wook , Jang Sohee
Published: December 2016

A recent survey looking toward the Milky Way bulge has discovered two sequences of RR Lyrae stars on the period–amplitude diagram with a maximum period-shift of

P ≈ 0.015 between the two populations. Here we show, from our synthetic horizontal-branch models, that this period-shift is most likely due to the small difference in helium abundance (ΔY = 0.012) between the first- and second-generation stars (G1 and G2), as is the case in our models for the inner halo globular clusters with similar metallicity ([Fe/H] ≈ −1.1). We further show that the observed double red clump (RC) in the bulge is naturally reproduced when these models are extended to solar metallicity following ΔY/ΔZ ≈ 6 for G2, as would be expected from the chemical evolution models. Therefore, the two populations of RR Lyrae stars and the double RC observed in the bulge appear to be different manifestations of the same multiple population phenomenon in the metal-poor and metal-rich regimes, respectively.
MODEL-INDEPENDENT ESTIMATIONS FOR THE CURVATURE FROM STANDARD CANDLES AND CLOCKS
Authors: Li Zhengxiang , Wang Guo-Jian , Liao Kai , Zhu Zong-Hong
Published: December 2016

Model-independent estimations for the spatial curvature of the universe not only provide a test for the fundamental assumption of the Copernican principle, but also can effectively break the degeneracy between curvature and dark-energy properties. In this paper, we propose to achieve model-independent constraints on the spatial curvature from observations of standard candles and standard clocks, without assuming any fiducial cosmology or other priors. We find that, for the popular Union2.1 observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the spatial curvature is constrained to be

. For the latest joint light-curve analysis of SNe Ia observations, we obtain

. It is suggested that these results are in excellent agreement with a spatially flat universe. Moreover, compared to other approaches aiming for model-independent estimations of spatial curvature, this method also achieves constraints with competitive precision.
HCO+ DETECTION OF DUST-DEPLETED GAS IN THE INNER HOLE OF THE LkCa 15 PRE-TRANSITIONAL DISK
Authors: Drabek-Maunder E. , Mohanty S. , Greaves J. , Kamp I. , Meijerink R. , Spaans M. , Thi W.-F. , Woitke P.
Published: December 2016

LkCa 15 is an extensively studied star in the Taurus region, known for its pre-transitional disk with a large inner cavity in the dust continuum and normal gas accretion rate. The most popular hypothesis to explain the LkCa 15 data invokes one or more planets to carve out the inner cavity, while gas continues to flow across the gap from the outer disk onto the central star. We present spatially unresolved HCO+ 

observations of the LkCa 15 disk from the James Clerk Maxwell telescope (JCMT) and model the data with the ProDiMo code. We find that: (1) HCO+ line-wings are clearly detected, certifying the presence of gas in the cavity within ≲50 au of the star. (2) Reproducing the observed line-wing flux requires both a significant suppression of cavity dust (by a factor ≳104 compared to the interstellar medium (ISM)) and a substantial increase in the gas scale-height within the cavity (H
0/R
0 ∼ 0.6). An ISM dust-to-gas ratio (d:g = 10−2) yields too little line-wing flux, regardless of the scale-height or cavity gas geometry, while a smaller scale-height also under-predicts the flux even with a reduced d:g. (3) The cavity gas mass is consistent with the surface density profile of the outer disk extended inwards to the sublimation radius (corresponding to mass M

d
∼ 0.03 M
⊙), and masses lower by a factor ≳10 appear to be ruled out.
Argumentação no Ensino de Biologia: uma experiência no ensino médio
Authors: Silva Marcos Leonardo Martins , Silva Márcia Gorette Lima da
Published: December 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é relatar uma experiência para desenvolver uma habilidade de pensamento de alta ordem, a argumentação, como parte de uma das práticas epistêmicas (a avaliação do conhecimento), em alunos da educação básica. Participaram deste estudo 16 alunos do curso técnico integrado em informática do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – IFRN – Campus Macau, em aulas do componente curricular de Biologia. Para atender aos objetivos, elaboramos uma atividade abordando os elementos de um argumento e os critérios científicos da descoberta da estrutura do DNA por meio de um roteiro orientador e de um texto histórico e, posteriormente, avaliamos os textos argumentativos desenvolvidos pelos alunos. Para tal análise utilizamos o Padrão de Argumento de Toulmin. Os participantes, organizados em grupos de 4 alunos, elaboraram durante a intervenção textos argumentativos a partir do modelo de Toulmin. Considerando a análise dos argumentos escritos por cada um dos quatro grupos, observamos que os alunos apresentaram Conclusões (C) coerentes, com certa limitação em relação ao conteúdo disciplinar em sua Justificativa (W), e que a principal dificuldade apresentada foi em relação à compreensão dos conceitos dos elementos do argumento, principalmente na distinção entre os Dados (D) e Apoio (B). A experiência aqui relatada busca sinalizar a importância do ensino da argumentação na educação básica, principalmente como gatilho para o desenvolvimento de habilidades de pensamento de alta ordem. Os resultados revelaram direcionamentos importantes, com destaque à importância da implementação contínua de atividades que priorizem o desenvolvimento da argumentação em sala de aula, o valor das atividades colaborativas para a aprendizagem coletiva e individual e a relevância de uma análise da validade das alegações para o conteúdo disciplinar da Biologia.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Ciccone Albert
Published: December 2016

L’identité suppose l’altérité, elle se déploie en même temps que l’expérience de l’altérité se constitue. L’altérité peut s’imposer de manière traumatique, ce qui affectera la construction de l’identité. Les modifications internes et externes font évoluer l’identité ; elles peuvent s’imposer de manière traumatique. Les identifications aussi font évoluer l’identité ; les identifications introjectives produisent de l’identité, l’enrichissent, les identifications projectives aliènent. Le traumatisme pousse à user d’identifications projectives pour se réfugier dans une fausse identité. L’identité suppose des expériences de continuité ; les discontinuités poussent à fabriquer défensivement de la continuité. Le handicap figure une expérience d’altérité imposée brutalement, au-dehors et au-dedans. Expérience traumatique car brutale, solitaire, faisant vivre une perte de sens, une perte de confiance dans le monde et dans les potentialités créatrices. La révélation ou nomination du handicap peut aussi être traumatique. Dans les situations traumatiques des mesures de survie peuvent être utilisées (oubli, gel des affects, répétition…). Le sujet peut utiliser une expérience traumatique connue pour donner une forme et un sens à l’expérience traumatique nouvelle. Il peut aussi utiliser des scènes traumatiques externes pour métaphoriser les traumatismes propres. Enfin les ruptures externes peuvent se télescoper avec des ruptures internes, ou mettre à l’épreuve les sutures internes. Le handicap peut représenter une telle rupture interne tout comme sa suture, et figure potentiellement une telle situation de mise à l’épreuve des sutures internes par les ruptures externes.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Oppenheim Daniel
Published: December 2016

Passer de l’oncologie pédiatrique à des services d’adultes est une épreuve pour les adolescents. Ces difficultés découlent de leur situation médicale, des caractéristiques des services d’adultes, mais aussi de leur expérience (et celle de leurs parents) de la maladie et des traitements précédents, et des traces (pas seulement des séquelles) qu’ils ont laissées. Cette expérience leur a fait réévaluer leurs points d’appui, leurs repères identitaires, leur relation à leur famille. Maintenant ils commencent à penser à leurs choix de vie (sexuels, familiaux, professionnels, etc.). Chez certains, le cancer a fait resurgir la mémoire d’autres épreuves que leurs parents ou leurs grands-parents ont traversées (guerres, émigration, etc.). Ceux-ci ont, en plus, à se déprendre de leurs effets traumatiques pour avancer dans leur vie. Nous comparons aussi l’expérience du cancer (maladie grave) à la cécité (handicap sévère) pour discuter de leurs points communs et de leurs différences. Pour aider les jeunes adultes à se confronter à leur nouvelle situation, les « psys » et les soignants doivent prendre en compte tous ces éléments.
Naître, grandir, vieillir avec un handicap
Authors: Talpin Jean-Marc
Published: December 2016

L’entrée d’un membre du couple dans la maladie d’Alzheimer et le développement de celle-ci font apparaître des enjeux de dépendance dans le couple. Il s’agit ici de distinguer ce qui est de l’ordre de l’actuel et ce qui est de l’ordre de la mise à jour des dépendances anciennes du couple. En somme, la maladie d’Alzheimer rend manifestes des enjeux latents de la dépendance présente dans tout couple, sous diverses modalités. Après avoir questionné ce qui est en jeu dans la création d’un couple, il s’agira d’examiner la dynamique de la dépendance lors de l’annonce du diagnostic puis lors de l’apparition de différents symptômes. Soit le couple s’inscrit dans la continuité de son fonctionnement, parfois en reversant la dépendance, soit il traverse une crise qui peut se solder par une rupture : la dépendance de l’âgé malade est alors confiée à une institution.
Enquêtes publiques, 1820-1830. Définir l’utilité publique pour justifier le sacrifice dans un monde de projets
Authors: Graber Frédéric
Published: December 2016

Cet article présente un ensemble de débats, de la fin de la Restauration au début de la monarchie de Juillet, concernant l’introduction des enquêtes préalables aux travaux publics en France, et propose d’analyser les arguments mobilisés dans la réflexion et la mise en place de ce genre de dispositifs. Il étudie, tout d’abord, les travaux de la Commission des routes et des canaux en 1828-1829, où a été discuté et adopté un dispositif d’enquête préalable qui s’inscrit dans la continuité de la tradition française des enquêtes publiques, tout en la réorientant profondément. Il étudie ensuite une série de positions alternatives, qui proposent un dispositif plus ou moins inspiré des enquêtes parlementaires anglaises, contre des enquêtes françaises jugées trop administratives et inefficaces. Deux modèles d’enquête publique se dégagent alors, l’un de tradition française, centré sur l’enregistrement d’observations individuelles et une prétention à entendre toutes les plaintes, l’autre d’inspiration anglaise, centré sur la confrontation des arguments mobilisables par des intérêts opposés. Mais l’article conclut en relevant une convergence entre les débats de la Commission des routes et des canaux et les promoteurs des enquêtes anglaises sur un certain nombre de points et tente de caractériser ce qu’est l’enquête publique idéale autour de 1830, un dispositif permettant de justifier le sacrifice de certains intérêts dans un monde de projets.
Voltaire et le droit de punir. Un activiste du moment Beccaria
Authors: Porret Michel
Published: December 2016

Virulent pamphlétaire, procureur de l’infâme et « frère en philosophie » de Beccaria dont il partage le programme de modération pénale, Voltaire s’est insurgé contre les grands procès du fanatisme et de l’obscurantisme de son temps – affaires Calas, Sirven, La Barre. Son humanisme s’ancre dans l’horizon d’attente du réformisme juridique et de la modernité pénale des Lumières. Le procès passionné que Voltaire intente à la justice royale n’a rien perdu de sa modernité herméneutique, qui est trop souvent caricaturée par l’historiographie hostile aux « philosophes » des Lumières.
Fill rate estimation in periodic review policies with lost sales using simple methods
Authors: Cardós Manuel , Guijarro Tarradellas Ester , Babiloni Griñón Eugenia
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The exact estimation of the fill rate in the lost sales case is complex and time consuming. However, simple and suitable methods are needed for its estimation so that inventory managers could use them.Design/methodology/approach: Instead of trying to compute the fill rate in one step, this paper focuses first on estimating the probabilities of different on-hand stock levels so that the fill rate is computed later.Findings: As a result, the performance of a novel proposed method overcomes the other methods and is relatively simple to compute.Originality/value: Existing methods for estimating stock levels are examined, new procedures are proposed and their performance is assessed.
Managing waiting times to predict no-shows and cancelations at a children’s hospital
Authors: Rodríguez-García Miguel , McLean-Carranza Aldo A , Prado-Prado J. Carlos , Domínguez-Caamaño Pablo
Published: December 2016

Purpose: Since long waits in hospitals have been found to be related to high rates of no-shows and cancelations, managing waiting times should be considered as an important tool that hospitals can use to reduce missed appointments. The aim of this study is to analyze patients’ behavior in order to predict no-show and cancelation rates correlated to waiting times.Design/methodology/approach: This study is based on the data from a US children’s hospital, which includes all the appointments registered during one year of observation. We used the call-appointment interval to establish the wait time to get an appointment. Four different types of appointment-keeping behavior and two types of patients were distinguished: arrival, no-show, cancelation with no reschedule, and cancelation with reschedule; and new and established patients.Findings: Results confirmed a strong impact of long waiting times on patients’ appointment-keeping behavior, and the logarithmic regression was found as the best-fit function for the correlation between variables in all cases. The correlation analysis showed that new patients tend to miss appointments more often than established patients when the waiting time increases. It was also found that, depending on the patients’ appointment distribution, it might get more complicated for hospitals to reduce missed appointments as the waiting time is reduced.Originality/value: The methodology applied in our study, which combines the use of regression analysis and patients’ appointment distribution analysis, would help health care managers to understand the initial implications of long waiting times and to address improvement related to patient satisfaction and hospital performance.
Minimizing the carbon footprint of material handling equipment: Comparison of electric and LPG forklifts
Authors: Facchini Francesco , Mummolo Giovanni , Mossa Giorgio , Digiesi Salvatore , Boenzi Francesco , Verriello Rossella
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the best Material Handling Equipment (MHE) to minimize the carbon footprint of inbound logistic activities, based on the type of the warehouse (layout, facilities and order-picking strategy) as well as the weight of the loads to be handled.Design/methodology/approach: A model to select the best environmental MHE for inbound logistic activities has been developed. Environmental performance of the MHE has been evaluated in terms of carbon Footprint (CF). The model is tested with a tool adopting a VBA macro as well as a simulation software allowing the evaluation of energy and time required by the forklift in each phase of the material handling cycle: picking, sorting and storing of the items.Findings: Nowadays, it is not possible to identify ‘a priori’ a particular engine equipped forklift performing better than others under an environmental perspective. Consistently, the application of the developed model allows to identify the best MHE tailored to each case analyzed.  Originality/value: This work gives a contribution to the disagreement between environmental performances of forklifts equipped with different engines. The developed model can be considered a valid support for decision makers to identify the best MHE minimizing the carbon footprint of inbound logistic activities.
Supply chain collaboration: A Game-theoretic approach to profit allocation
Authors: Ponte Borja , Fernández Isabel , Rosillo Rafael , Parreño José , García Nazario
Published: December 2016

Purpose: This paper aims to develop a theoretical framework for profit allocation, as a mechanism for aligning incentives, in collaborative supply chains.Design/methodology/approach: The issue of profit distribution is approached from a game-theoretic perspective. We use the nucleolus concept. The framework is illustrated through a numerical example based on the Beer Game scenario.Findings: The nucleolus offers a powerful perspective to tackle this problem, as it takes into consideration the bargaining power of the different echelons. We show that this framework outperforms classical alternatives.Research limitations/implications: The allocation of the overall supply chain profit is analyzed from a static perspective. Considering the dynamic nature of the problem would be an interesting next step. Practical implications: We provide evidence of drawbacks derived from classical solutions to the profit allocation problem. Real-world collaborative supply chains need of robust mechanisms like the one tackled in this work to align incentives from the various actors.Originality/value: Adopting an efficient collaborative solution is a major challenge for supply chains, since it is a wide and complex process that requires an appropriate scheme. Within this framework, profit allocation is essential.
Evaluating the impact of strategic personnel policies using a MILP model: The public university case
Authors: De la Torre Rocio , Lusa Amaia , Mateo Manuel
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The main purpose of the paper is to evaluate the impact of diverse personnel policies around personnel promotion in the design of the strategic staff plan for a public university. The strategic staff planning consists in the determination of the size and composition of the workforce for an organization.Design/methodology/approach: The staff planning is solved using a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model. The MILP model represents the organizational structure of the university, the personnel categories and capacity decisions, the demand requirements, the required service level and budget restrictions. All these aspects are translated into a set of data, as well as the parameters and constraints building up the mathematical model for optimization. The required data for the model is adopted from a Spanish public university.Findings: The development of appropriate policies for personnel promotion can effectively reduce the number of dismissals while proposing a transition towards different preferable workforce structures in the university.Research limitations/implications: The long term staff plan for the university is solved by the MILP model considering a time horizon of 8 years. For this time horizon, the required input data is derived from current data of the university. Different scenarios are proposed considering different temporal trends for input data, such as in demand and admissible promotional ratios for workers.Originality/value: The literature review reports a lack of formalized procedures for staff planning in universities taking into account, at the same time, the regulations on hiring, dismissals, promotions and the workforce heterogeneity, all considered to optimize workforce size and composition addressing not only an economic criteria, but also the required workforce expertise and the quality in the service offered. This paper adopts a formalized procedure developed by the authors in previous works, and exploits it to assess the impact of various personnel policies in the staff planning for a particular university case, and this is the principal contribution of the paper.
Special Issue: Building bridges between researchers and practitioners
Authors: Santos Javier , Viles Elisabeth
Published: December 2016

This special issue of the Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management is focused on the most recent and relevant research, theories and practices in Industrial Engineering and Operations Management presented at the International Joint Conference (IJC2016).This International Joint Conference is a result of an agreement between ADINGOR (Asociación para el desarrollo de la Ingeniería de Organización), ABEPRO (Associaçâo Brasileira de Engenharia de Produçâo), IISE (Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers) and AIM (European Academy for Industrial Management). The conference was organised by the Industrial Management Department at Tecnun (School of Engineering – University of Navarra).
Concepción y realización de celosías cerámicas, una evolución constructiva
Authors: Pich-Aguilera F. , Batlle T. , Casaldàliga P.
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo analiza diversas celosías cerámicas, realizadas por el equipo de arquitectura Pich-Aguilera en colaboración con diversas industrias, tratando de ilustrar particularidades en su comportamiento ambiental y su desarrollo tecnológico.

Mediante dicho análisis el trabajo trata de reflexionar sobre el sistema constructivo de la celosía cerámica como el resultado de la combinación de componentes y sistemas cerámicos muy diversos, implementados a lo largo del tiempo en distintas tipologías constructivas y funcionales. Paralelamente el estudio apunta algunas hipótesis acerca de las invariantes esenciales del propio sistema y de posibles evoluciones futuras.
Tibetan identity and Tibetan Buddhism in trans-regional connection : the contemporary vegetarian movement in pastoral areas of Tibet (China)
Authors: Gaerrang
Published: December 2016

Cet article examine les enseignements religieux de l’influent maître bouddhiste tibétain Tsultrim Lodroe sur la tradition d’abstinence de la consommation carnée. Il traite ces enseignements à la lumière des significations sociales et religieuses du mouvement actuel de végétarisme, les processus par lesquels ce dernier a eu lieu, la complexité et la particularité de sa manifestation et les conséquences du mouvement pour la transformation de la société tibétaine et son patrimoine culturel. Il soutient que le mouvement végétarien est associé à des interactions entre les principaux enseignants bouddhistes tibétains et les communautés bouddhistes chinois, en particulier dans la réponse des enseignants bouddhistes tibétains aux critiques faites par les bouddhistes chinois en ce qui concerne la tradition tibétaine de la consommation de viande à grande échelle.
Actions rituelles, mobilité et attachement au « pays natal » parmi des éleveurs nomades de Mongolie
Authors: Charlier Bernard
Published: December 2016

L’auteur analyse les rapports objectifs et subjectifs que des éleveurs nomades vivant dans l’ouest de la Mongolie entretiennent avec une portion de territoire qu’ils nomment leur « pays natal » (törsön nutag). L’attachement à ce lieu n’est pas seulement établi à la naissance, il s’actualise et se développe à travers des actions rituelles quotidiennes, occasionnelles et annuelles. L’auteur aborde les libations quotidiennes destinées aux esprits du territoire, les offrandes faites à ces esprits au camp d’hiver pendant les célébrations du Nouvel An, et l’effacement de certaines traces sur le sol lors de déménagements. Il s’agit de montrer que des actions rituelles véhiculent une certaine idée de fixité et d’ancrage dans le territoire alors que la mobilité est au cœur de l’élevage extensif de moutons et de chèvres pratiqué par les éleveurs. Cet article vise à montrer que mouvement et fixité sont complémentaires dans l’attachement au pays natal.
"Life" and "freeing life" (tshe thar) among pastoralists of Kham: intersecting religion and environment
Authors: Tan Gillian G.
Published: December 2016

Cet article examine l’interface entre les pratiques religieuses et l’environnement physique chez les pasteurs nomades contemporains dans la région du Kham Minyag. Il détaille comment les pasteurs nomades du Kham pratiquent leurs croyances religieuses en incorporant des entités de leur environnement physique, telles que les yaks, de façon à compliquer la dichotomie particulière entre le spirituel et le physique. Explicitant la compréhension vernaculaire de « vie », cet article propose que les pratiques religieuses quotidiennes, normalement classées en concept distinct de « religion » sont, pour les pasteurs nomades du Kham, mieux comprises comme intégralement liées à d’autres domaines de leur monde.
The monastery in a Tibetan pastoralist context. A case study from Kham Minyag
Authors: Schneider Nicola
Published: December 2016

Cet article examine les monastères pastoraux et tente de déterminer de quelle façon ils sont des produits de, ainsi que des agents dans, le monde pastoral tibétain. Après avoir présenté des archives historiques, il s’appuie principalement sur des recherches de terrain effectuées dans un monastère contemporain dans le Kham Minyag qui a contribué à la fois à la fixation d’un nombre considérable de pasteurs nomades de la région et à la constitution et préservation d’une véritable communauté.
Were the historical Oirats “Western Mongols”? An examination of their uniqueness in relation to the Mongols
Authors: Lee Joo-Yup
Published: December 2016

Cet article examine la singularité des Oïrats par rapport aux Mongols pour reconsidérer la pratique consistant à les désigner comme des “Mongols occidentaux”. Les Oïrats, qui ne faisaient pas partie des Mongols originels menés par Gengis Khan, sont devenus, après l’éclatement de l’empire mongol, les Dörben Oïrat, une confédération nomade principalement composée de groupes non-mongols. Les tests ADN portant sur le chromosome Y des Kalmouks et des Mongols modernes montrent que ceux-ci ont des origines hétérogènes. Les Oïrats, bien qu’ils se considèrent comme un peuple mongolique, considéraient les Mongols comme une entité distincte. De même, les Mongols voyaient les Oïrats comme des ennemis étrangers (qari daysun). Les histoires chinggiside et timouride d’Asie centrale font également la différence entre les deux. Par conséquent, je suggère que les historiens reconnaissent les Oïrats comme un peuple distinct, comme les Xiongnu, les Xianbei, les Kök Turcs, les Ouïghours et les Kirghizes.
Écrire pour parler. Quelques problématiques premières
Authors: Philippe Gilles
Published: December 2016

Si le texte écrit pour être dit embarrasse, c’est qu’un document fait toujours défaut : celui de la parole vive, saisie dans l’instant même, et qui est l’état « final » à l’aune duquel l’avant-dire devrait être considéré. Ce manque ne doit cependant pas arrêter toute réflexion, et l’on essaie ici de recenser les principales questions qui se posent. Le brouillon de l’oral diffère-t-il matériellement et linguistiquement du brouillon de l’écrit ? Jusqu’à quel point anticipe-t-il la prestation orale et de quelle façon ? Son statut pragmatique est-il le même que celui d’un avant-texte ordinaire ? Est-il symétrique au cas inverse du « brouillon oral » d’un texte écrit ? Comment s’articule-t-il aux évolutions des imaginaires sociaux de l’écrit et de l’oral ? Comment gère-t-il sa possible double finalité, dès lors qu’une conférence ou un discours, par exemple, sont aussi appelés à être publiés, et que l’avant-dire est aussi un avant-texte au sens habituel du terme ?
Écrire et parler. Quelques préalables théoriques
Authors: Mahrer Rudolf
Published: December 2016

L’écrit est utile à la préparation de l’oral. Cet article se propose d’éclairer cette évidence sous un angle sémiologique. À cette fin, nous nous focalisons ici sur les propriétés spécifiques des signaux des deux pratiques symboliques en jeu : processuelles et acoustiques du côté de l’oral, qui représente en l’occurrence la pratique préparée, statiques et graphiques, du côté de la pratique préparante. Pour comprendre comment les qualités de la substance graphique disposent à la pratique de la préparation du discours, nous considérons le rapport de l’écrit et de l’oral au temps et à l’espace, mais aussi à la supposée linéarité du signifiant. Pour décrire comment l’espace graphique prépare efficacement le temps de la performance orale, il faut aussi préciser ce qu’on peut entendre par préparation du discours. Nous finirons par quelques hypothèses à ce propos, entre rhétorique classique et psycholinguistique.
Du bon usage de l’archive dans l’édition des genres de l’oral
Authors: Bellon Guillaume
Published: December 2016

Un cours ou une conférence sont des événements qui n’ont lieu qu’une fois. Et pourtant l’archive de ces événements est riche : notes du professeur ou des auditeurs, enregistrements sonores (et aujourd’hui vidéo). De Michelet à Foucault, de nombreux cours sont à présent accessibles sous forme de livre notamment. On se demandera dès lors quel (bon) usage faire de ces documents.
« Je ne connais pas Ben Sadok »
Authors: Bourgault Jean , Cormann Grégory
Published: December 2016

Le 10 décembre 1957, Sartre est appelé à témoigner en faveur de Mohamed Ben Sadok, qui avait assassiné Ali Chekkal, ancien vice-président de l’Assemblée algérienne : la défense veut tout faire pour que Ben Sadok ne soit pas condamné à mort. On étudie ici, à partir du manuscrit, la genèse et le sens du témoignage de Sartre. Sartre est dans une position paradoxale : il ne peut soutenir publiquement le terrorisme du FLN, alors qu’il l’approuve ; en pleine guerre d’Algérie, il lui faut donc en appeler à la justice en tenant à distance la question politique. Sartre le fait en explicitant la difficile jeunesse de Ben Sadok, puis en évoquant les célèbres assassinats politiques de l’histoire de France, dont on a souvent fait l’éloge, enfin en se référant à l’humanisme de Camus. Sartre est prêt à jouer tous les rôles pour sauver Ben Sadok de la peine de mort.
A revision of the genus Atomopria Kieffer, 1910 (Hymenoptera Diaprioidea Diapriidae)
Authors: Casale Achille
Published: December 2016

The genus Atomopria Kieffer, 1911 currently includes two only described species: A. fulvicornis Kieffer, 1911, from north-western Italy (Liguria) and A. rufithorax Kieffer, 1911, from Tunisia (Tunis). The following ten new species are described from North Africa and Canary Islands: A. helenae n. sp. (Algeria, Kabylia), A. giachinoi n. sp. (Algeria, Kabylia), A. lisae n. sp. (Algeria, Kabylia), A. olmii n. sp. (Canary Islands, Gran Canaria), A. ortegae n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife), A. boffai n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife), A. cavazzutii n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife), A. longicornis n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife), A. paglianoi n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife), A. scaramozzinoi n. sp. (Canary Islands, Tenerife). Diagnostic morphological features of representatives of this genus are described; male genitalia of some species are illustrated for the first time. The synonymy of the genus Atomopria with Basalys Westwood, 1832 is also hypothesized, but not proposed in this contribution. A key for identification of all species is provided, both for females and males. Finally, some taxonomic and biogeographic questions are briefly debated.