bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on Rare-Earth Co-Doped: Calcium Tungstate Nano-Crystals
Authors: N Chandana , Ramana M. V. , Chakrapani Ghanta Pushpa
Published: September 2022

Abstract: We report the synthesis of co-doped Calcium tungstate (CaWO4) nano-crystals with Gadolinium (Gd) and Neodymium (Nd) rare earth ions by hydrothermal synthesis method for the first time. The synthesized nano-crystals were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD) with energy dispersive analysis of the X-rays (EDAX) and Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and photo-luminescence excitation studies. The phase of the nano-crystals under study was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) image shows that the synthesized nano-crystals are in the size range of 51nm – 80nm. The presence of Gd and Nd rare earth ions in the GD-Nd co-doped CaWO4 nano-crystals was confirmed by the energy dispersive analysis of the X-rays (EDAX). The photoluminescence properties of the Gd-Nd co-doped CaWO4 nano-crystals were compared with the undoped CaWO4 nano-crystals and are reported. The synthesized nano-crystals exhibit emissions at (i) 369nm, 392nm, 435nm and 477nm for an excitation wavelength of 280 nm and (ii) 540nm and 669nm for an excitation wavelength of 490nm. The emission wavelengths clearly indicate the blue light and green light generation, which is significant for developing luminescent materials of tungstate systems.
An Overview of Osteoporosis in the Elderly Population: Role of Nutrition and Physical activity
Authors: Hamda Nahia , R Navaneetha
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased susceptibility to fractures, especially of the hip, wrist and spine. Osteoporosis is a major public health issue. Calcium depletion in the bones is a natural process with ageing. A literature online search , was carried out on Osteoporosis using Pubmed and Google search engines and was reviewed to prepare an overview of Osteoporosis in the elderly population. This review paper discusses the following aspects of Osteoporosis in the elderly population; occurrence , types , causes, mechanism, nutritional correction and role of physical activity in prevention and management of Osteoporosis in the elderly. Factors influencing fractures due to fragility include malnutrition, decreased physical activity, macro and micro nutrient deficiency. Studies showed that fragility fractures occur due to insufficient intake of nutrition leading to deficiency of Vitamin D, Calcium, Vitamin K, Zinc, Magnesium etc. Osteoporosis can be prevented to a large extent with a calcium rich diet, exposure to sunlight (outdoor activity) and regular exercise. Osteoporosis when neglected is progressive, hampering day to day activities and puts the person at increased risk of fractures. There is a need further research in osteoporosis and efforts must be undertaken to create awareness about bone health; lifestyle modification to prevent Osteoporosis.
Solvent Free Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Zinc Oxide Nano Particles in Tracer Diagnostic Techniques
Authors: Joshi Preeti Nitin
Published: September 2022

Abstract: In this work, we report the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Moringa Oleifera (Drumstick) leaves as natural precursor via precipitation method. The formation and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles was established by UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Particle Analyzer. The absorbance at 361nm proves the formation of ZnO. The IR spectra results proved the capping and stabilizing agents. The size of the particle was found to be 246.7 nm. Further, the ZnO was used as a nutrient in improvement of plant growth.
Design and Implementation of Energy-Efficient Floating Point MFCC Extraction Architecture for Speech Recognition Systems
Authors: Lankala Srinija , Reddy Dr. M. Ramana
Published: September 2022

Abstract: This brief presents an energy-efficient architecture to extract mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs) for realtime speech recognition systems. Based on the algorithmic property of MFCC feature extraction, the architecture is designed with floating-point arithmetic units to cover a wide dynamic range with a small bit-width. Moreover, various operations required in the MFCC extraction are examined to optimize operational bit-width and lookup tables needed to compute nonlinear functions, such as trigonometric and logarithmic functions. In addition, the dataflow of MFCC extraction is tailored to minimize the computation time. As a result, the energy consumption is considerably reduced compared with previous MFCC extraction systems
Legal optic on digitalization of cultural heritage through e-tourism and e-government to back up ecotourism in greater Malang Indonesia
Authors: Sukardi Sukardi , Fadli Moh , Puspitawati Dhiana , Maharani Diah Pawestri , Luthfi Mustafa
Published: September 2022

This research aims to gain a vivid and comprehensive portrait of legal aspects in the digitalization of cultural heritage in Greater Malang in Indonesia from the perspective of ecotourism and the state’s role in terms of policies and involvement of the members of the public in cultural conservation. The involvement of e-tourism and e-government in managing and developing the tourism potential in developed areas is inevitable. Cultural heritage-based tourism promoting the utilization of advanced information and communication technology has attracted the attention of tourists. Empirically, the digitalization of cultural heritage does not stand on its own but is more integrated with other aspects and sectors. The proposed concept in this study reminds us of the urgency in the development and utilization of integrated cultural heritage digitalization from the perspectives of eco-tourism, e-tourism, as well as other sectors such as e-government and spiritual aspect. The process of the development and utilization of digitalization of cultural heritage tourism is intended to ward off any disputes over ulayat rights happening these days. The role of the government and the participation of tribal people are deemed vital in reconstructing the system of social and spiritual values in developing eco-tourism based on the application of an integrated digital information system disseminating local wisdom through the threshold of global civilization.
Morbimortalidade hospitalar por envenenamento acidental por exposição a pesticidas no Brasil (2010 - 2014)
Authors: Dantas Júlio César Jales , Lima Leandro Januário de , Farias Maria do Carmo Andrade Duarte de , Pinto Natália Bitu
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de morbimortalidade hospitalar por intoxicação acidental por pesticidas nas macrorregiões brasileiras entre 2010 e 2014. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva, epidemiológica de série temporal. Como fonte de dados adotou-se o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Resultados: O número de casos foi maior na região Sudeste. No cenário nacional, a média anual de hospitalizações por região apresentou redução. No Centro-Oeste houve a maior taxa de internamentos. Pacientes do sexo masculino, cor branca, entre 20 e 29 anos, foram os mais hospitalizados. O Sudeste apresentou a maior taxa de mortalidade hospitalar.
Correlação entre nível de atividade física e o hábito de tabagismo em universitários estudantes de educação física de um Centro Universitário no município de São Paulo
Authors: Flôr José Henrique Rinaldi , Martins Raquel Sanches Slusarski , Matsudo Sandra Mahecha , Almeida Valeria Cristina Santos de , Muñoz Juliana Weckx Peña , Fukushima André Rinaldi
Published: September 2022

Antigamente o tabagismo era entendido como uma opção por um estilo de vida, mas hoje é considerado pela ciência uma doença provocada pela dependência de um fármaco a nicotina. Doença esta que leva milhões de pessoas a se exporem a mais de 4700 substâncias tóxicas, e posteriormente desenvolverem doenças incapacitantes e fatais, tais como câncer, doenças cardiovasculares, e as doenças pulmonares obstrutivas crônicas. A pesar de existir na literatura diversas citações sobre os males causados pelo hábito de fumar, ainda não são encontrados estudos que correlacionem o hábito de fumar com o nível de atividade física das pessoas, e este foi o principal objetivo do presente estudo. Foi estudada uma amostra de 74 estudantes de educação física da Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, que responderam um questionário modificado do IPAQ, mais um outro questionário especialmente elaborado para esta pesquisa, que avaliava seus hábitos tabagísticos. Entre o grupo de fumantes e o de não fumantes foram encontradas diferenças no nível de atividade física, com diferença significante especialmente para as atividades físicas que exijam uma maior capacidade pulmonar, para o IMC não foi encontrada uma diferença significativa, também foi encontrado uma média menor de fumantes entre a população de educação física do que na média brasileira.
Efeitos da toxicidade do cromo em plantas
Authors: Da Silva Costa Jhone Robson
Published: September 2022

Devido ao seu amplo uso industrial, o cromo (Cr) é considerado um poluente ambiental grave, Cr e seus compostos são amplamente empregados no processamento de couro e acabamento, na produção de refratários aço, lamas de perfuração, agentes de limpeza por galvanização, catalisadores, fabricação e produção de ácido crômico e produtos químicos especiais. Os compostos hexavalentes de cromo são usados na indústria também para revestimento de metal, água da torre de resfriamento curtimento de couro e, até recentemente, preservação de madeira. Essas atividades antropogênicas levaram à ampla contaminação por Cr no ambiente e aumentaram sua biodisponibilidade e biomobilidade. Os compostos de cromo são altamente tóxicos para as plantas e são prejudiciais ao seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. O estudo, visa identificara processos metabólicos e fisiológicos afetado pelo Cr nas plantas.
A toxicidade do Cr para as plantas depende do seu estado de valência: o Cr (VI) é altamente tóxico e móvel, enquanto o Cr (III) é menos tóxico. Como as plantas carecem de um sistema de transporte específico para o Cr. A primeira interação que o Cr tem com uma planta é durante seu processo de absorção. Cr é um elemento tóxico e não essencial para as plantas; portanto, eles não possuem mecanismos específicos para sua captação. Dessa forma, a captação deste metal pesado é através de transportadores utilizados para a absorção de outros metais essenciais para plantas metabolismo, ele é absorvido pelos transportadores de íons, como sulfato ou ferro.
Ciflutrina: Legislação e Avaliação das Características Físico-químicas e Toxicológicas
Authors: Rodrigues Caroline de Oliveira , Paixão Gustavo Rocha , Nascimento João Elias Francisco do , Carneiro Rafaela do Amarante , Guides Rebeca Martins , Alves Priscila Camelo
Published: September 2022

A ciflutrina (CAS 68359-37-5) é um inseticida piretróide com aplicação no meio agrícola e como preservante de madeira. Os aspectos físico-químicos apontam para o risco do consumo da ciflutrina, visto que essa apresenta baixa solubilidade (6,610-3 mg L-1), baixa volatilidade (Kh = 5,3010-2 Pa m3 mol-1) e alta tendência à bioacumulação (Kow = 6,0). A partir de dados da literatura, os resultados obtidos para o Critério de Potabilidade foi de 0,06 mg L-1, para o critério de Proteção da Vida Aquática foi de 0,133 ng L-1, apresenta risco elevado e, de acordo com GHS, a ciflutrina constitui a Categoria 1 de toxicidade aguda. Seu uso é legalizado em muitos países e sua ocorrência em meio hídrico é evidenciado através de estudos, porém a ciflutrina não é nacionalmente regulamentada para águas de consumo humano e manutenção da vida aquática, todavia sua restrição parcial deveria ser considerada e incluída nas legislações vigentes, devido à seu grande potencial tóxico aos seres aquáticos.
Bioterrorismo e armas biológicas
Authors: Bernardes Elton Renato , Clemi  Colli Vilma
Published: September 2022

O bioterrorismo é uma das muitas formas de terrorismo que se utiliza de agentes patogênicos para imputar o pânico e a desordem. A história mostrou que o homem desde cedo aprendeu que a doença causa não só a morte como também caos e desestabilização. Esta revisão de literatura foi resultado de pesquisas que se basearam em artigos científicos, livros e arquivos eletrônicos tendo como objetivo principal relatar o bioterrorismo no mundo, seu histórico, os microrganismos envolvidos, seus mecanismos de ação, bem como as principais profilaxias e terapias a eles relacionadas. Bactérias como o Bacillus anthracis e Yersinia pestis assim como o Orthopoxvirus variolae bactérias e vírus que causam respectivamente a doença antraz, peste e varíola, são exemplos de organismos que podem ser empregados numa ação de terrorismo biológico. Embora o bioterrorismo seja um assunto e uma realidade preocupante, a elaboração de protocolos e políticas contra este tipo de ameaça é dificultosa, provavelmente ocasionadas pela escassez de divulgação dos riscos reais de uma ação bioterrorista e também da extensão do problema, na dificuldade em rastrear, impedir e combater este tipo de ação.
EXPOSIÇÃO CRÔNICA A AFLATOXINA B1 E ONCOGÊNESE DO CARCINOMA HEPATOCELULAR
Authors: Noronha Marcos Vinícios Pitombeira , De Alencar Rômulo da Nóbrega , Costa Juliana Ciarlini , Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues
Published: September 2022

O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é a neoplasia maligna mais frequentemente encontrada no fígado humano, sendo extremamente agressivo, porém silencioso. A aflatoxina B1 (AFB1) representa um importante agente causador do CHC, quando há exposição crônica a esta substância através da ingestão de grãos contaminados com o fungo produtor desta toxina, o Aspergillus flavus. A presente pesquisa bibliográfica teve como objetivo caracterizar a oncogênese do CHC por exposição à aflatoxina B1. Foi conduzida uma busca por artigos científico nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Science Direct e Scopus, através dos descritores “aflatoxins”, “carcinoma hepatocellular” e “carcinogenesis”, além da utilização de informações de sites governamentais. A partir dos 26 artigos selecionados, verificou-se que: existem biomarcadores precoces da hepatocarcinogênese induzida por AFB1, sendo o principal a impressão mutagênica (mutações G→T nos contextos GGC e CGC); os mecanismos e vias para o desenvolvimento do CHC incluem processos inflamatórios, formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ERO) e mutações em oncogenes e genes supressores tumorais, principalmente da via p53; existe sinergismo entre a AFB1 e outras substâncias (microcistinas e fumonisinas), com potencialização dos efeitos tóxicos da AFB1, sendo necessária a prevenção desta coexposição. Por fim, verificou-se a existência de substâncias (licopeno e fisetina) ou características genéticas (polimerase ζ (pol ζ) e Neil 1) que podem atuar como fator de proteção contra a carcinogênese por exposição à AFB1. Ressalta-se a necessidade do controle do armazenamento, conservação e consumo de grãos sujeitos à presença da AFB1, evitando a exposição crônica à esta aflatoxina.
MANEJO DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS DEGENERATIVAS E DEPRESSÃO: DESAFIOS DA POLIFARMÁCIA
Authors: Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues , Rabelo Francisca Christina Silva , Aragão Gislei Frota
Published: September 2022

O aumento da expectativa de vida da população mundial repercute em maior incidência e prevalência de doenças crônicas degenerativas e de depressão crônica, levando à utilização simultânea de múltiplos medicamentos, caracterizando a polifarmácia. Assim, o conhecimento sobre o potencial dos fármacos em acarretar interações medicamentosas é essencial à segurança do paciente e eficácia do tratamento. Losartana (anti-hipertensivo), sinvastatina (hipolipemiante) e metformina (hipoglicemiante oral) estão entre os fármacos para controle de doenças crônicas degenerativas mais utilizados mundialmente. Agomelatina surge como recente alternativa terapêutica para depressão, com perfil de segurança relativamente melhor que outros antidepressivos, embora com potencial efeito hepatotóxico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica e apresentar uma revisão de literatura acerca destes quatro fármacos amplamente utilizados pela população mundial. Observou-se que a polifarmácia acarreta alto risco de interação entre fármacos. Embora certas combinações de medicamentos possam ser usadas com vantagem, em muitos casos, podem culminar em prejuízos ao indivíduo, por resultarem em diminuição da eficácia ou aumento da toxicidade de um ou de todos os fármacos utilizados de modo concomitante. Deste modo, a escolha dos antidepressivos com baixo potencial de interações medicamentosas é desejável, especialmente em pacientes idosos que, comumente, fazem uso de vários medicamentos simultaneamente.
Impacto dos compostos per- e polifluoroalquilados na fertilidade humana: uma revisão da literatura científica
Authors: De Carvalho Bastos Domingues Laura , Valladão Thiesen Flávia
Published: September 2022

Os compostos per- e polifluoroalquilados (PFAS) são compostos resistentes à degradação ambiental e podem permanecer de forma onipresente no meio ambiente durante muitos anos. A exposição aos PFAS tem sido associada a diversas patologias e, no campo da saúde reprodutiva, pesquisadores têm buscado compreender sua relação com a fertilidade. O objetivo desta revisão é investigar o impacto dos PFAS na fertilidade humana com base na literatura científica recente. A associação entre os PFAS com distúrbios endócrinos e reprodutivos é bem documentada em vários artigos. Ensaios in vitro e in vivo sugerem que os PFAS podem contribuir para a infertilidade através de vários mecanismos, entre eles a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio e a alteração hormonal. Os estudos populacionais encontraram associações entre maior exposição a determinados PFAS e alteração na capacidade reprodutiva de homens e mulheres. No entanto, devido à heterogeneidade dos artigos, mais estudos são necessários para elucidar os mecanismos envolvidos. Estudos epidemiológicos em grandes populações e de alta qualidade são necessários, a fim de esclarecer a real associação entre os PFAS com a fertilidade, considerando as diferenças regionais no uso de produtos contendo estes compostos e as diferenças farmacocinéticas em populações específicas.
PROCESSO DE PLANEJAMENTO, GESTÃO E ARTICULAÇÃO DA VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE COM A ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Nascimento Jacimara Barbosa do , Reis Ernane Júnior da Silva , Junior Gilmar Antoniassi
Published: September 2022

Primary Health Care/Family Health Strategy is the gateway to the Unified Health System (SUS). Its integration can be considered one of the great challenges of SUS in Brazil, in all spheres of management. Objective: The reflections developed in this article aim to describe how health surveillance is integrated with the Family Health Strategy teams to optimize the planning and management actions of the practice of care in health promotion, in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, state of Amazon. Methodology: As a method, bibliographic, descriptive and explanatory research was used, in a qualitative and quantitative approach. For data collection, 1 (one) questionnaire model was created by the researcher for those involved in the research. Results: The results show that the health surveillance teams and the family health strategy, working together, provide improvements in planned and articulated actions, thus meeting the needs of the municipality, access to health, integrality and interdisciplinarity for the health of the population. Conclusion: It is concluded that the team's performance in a multiprofessional and interdisciplinary way provides the improvement of work processes, which should result in the management of the user's comprehensive care.
Randomizing multi-product formulas for Hamiltonian simulation
Authors: Faehrmann Paul K. , Steudtner Mark , Kueng Richard , Kieferova Maria , Eisert Jens
Published: September 2022

Quantum simulation, the simulation of quantum processes on quantum computers, suggests a path forward for the efficient simulation of problems in condensed-matter physics, quantum chemistry, and materials science. While the majority of quantum simulation algorithms are deterministic, a recent surge of ideas has shown that randomization can greatly benefit algorithmic performance. In this work, we introduce a scheme for quantum simulation that unites the advantages of randomized compiling on the one hand and higher-order multi-product formulas, as they are used for example in linear-combination-of-unitaries (LCU) algorithms or quantum error mitigation, on the other hand. In doing so, we propose a framework of randomized sampling that is expected to be useful for programmable quantum simulators and present two new multi-product formula algorithms tailored to it. Our framework reduces the circuit depth by circumventing the need for oblivious amplitude amplification required by the implementation of multi-product formulas using standard LCU methods, rendering it especially useful for early quantum computers used to estimate the dynamics of quantum systems instead of performing full-fledged quantum phase estimation. Our algorithms achieve a simulation error that shrinks exponentially with the circuit depth. To corroborate their functioning, we prove rigorous performance bounds as well as the concentration of the randomized sampling procedure. We demonstrate the functioning of the approach for several physically meaningful examples of Hamiltonians, including fermionic systems and the Sachdev–Ye–Kitaev model, for which the method provides a favorable scaling in the effort.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Obat Tradisional setelah Pemberian E-Booklet di Kabupaten Karimun
Authors: Dewi Ratna Sari , Pratiwi Putri Qurnia , Febrina Mira , Agistia Nesa
Published: September 2022

Knowledge of traditional medicine is important for the formation of a person's activity in using traditional medicine. Preliminary studies conducted show the level of public knowledge about traditional medicine in the less category. This can be caused by a lack of desire to seek information and lack of education from health workers. For this reason, educational media such as e-booklets are needed. This study aims to see the level of public knowledge about traditional medicine after being given an e-booklet. This study uses a preexperimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design. The population of this research is the residents of Karimun Regency who have used traditional medicine. The sample of this study was 150 respondents who were determined using purposive sampling method. The inclusion criteria for the study were that the respondent was at least 18 years old, had used traditional medicine with the logo and was registered with BPOM for at least the last 3 months, could use a smartphone and was willing to be a respondent. The research instrument is e-booklet media and knowledge questionnaire. The knowledge questionnaire used has been tested for validity and reliability (obtained 20 valid questions with an r value of 0.881). Uni-variate data analysis to describe the level of knowledge and bi-variate analysis was carried out for the analysis of changes in pretest and post-test knowledge scores using the Wilcoxon test. The results obtained before giving the e-booklet are good knowledge as much as 6.6%, sufficient as much as 55.4% and less as much as 38% while after being given the e-booklet the knowledge of respondents with good category is 55.4%, enough is 38% and less as much as 6.6%. Bi-variate analysis obtained p value 0.000. It can be concluded that the given media has a significant effect on respondents knowledge.
The role of marketing activities toward training on increasing employee performance
Authors: Mustafa Agron , Ismajli Ali , Velijaj Fitore
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of on-the-job and off-the-job training on improving employee skills and performance growth. It is important to research how training has been studied by different disciplines at different times, what function it is thought to have according to different approaches, as well as how researchers of different times and currents have tried to evaluate it. An employee’s performance is a function of ability, motivation, and opportunity to participate, and it can also create a favorable social climate that encourages employees to act in accordance with the firm’s objectives (Imani, Foroudi, Seyyedamiri, & Dehghani, 2020). The data used primarily provided by self-administered questionnaires were used with a sample of 100 respondents with a deliberate sample including employees in the private sector, and those who have been part of on-the-job or off-the-job training. This data from the questionnaires were processed with the IBM SPSS program where the frequencies, cross-constructions, and correlations between the variables were described. Respondents also request to be included in the Training Plan: for “soft skills”. Among other things, the findings result in a positive but weak correlation between the selection of the training method and the performance of the employees.
Afectación esofágica y pulmonar por paracoccidioidomicosis en paciente inmunocompetente: reporte de caso
Authors: Blanco Barrera Nestor Fabián , Villamizar Jiménez María Alejandra , Tibaduiza Upegui Diana Valentina , Ruíz Julio Fernando Stiven
Published: September 2022

La paracoccidioidomicosis es una infección fúngica endémica de América del Sur, que afecta predominantemente a los hombres y, según su campo laboral, granjeros y agricultores. Es ocasionada por la aspiración del hongo en su forma micelar y debuta en tres formas de presentación: aguda, subaguda y crónica; esta última es más frecuente en adultos, cuyo tratamiento dependerá de los azoles, anfotericina B y sulfonamidas. El presente caso trata de un hombre de 57 años, colombiano, agricultor, sin antecedentes patológicos, quien presentaba dos meses de disfagia para sólidos que progresó a líquidos, sialorrea y pérdida de peso, a quien se le realizó endoscopia de vías digestivas altas y se observaron lesiones blanquecinas, por lo cual se realizó una biopsia que evidenció levaduras en múltiple gemación compatibles con paracoccidioidomicosis; a su vez, se observó en una tomografía de tórax compromiso parenquimatoso intersticial generalizado; posteriormente, recibió tratamiento con itraconazol, con el que mostró mejoría y resolución del cuadro clínico. En vista de que América del Sur es endémica de la patología descrita y puede presentarse de forma diseminada en inmunocompetentes, se debe tener en cuenta en aquellos pacientes que poseen factores de riesgo, sintomatología y hallazgos en estudios de extensión sugestivos de dicha enfermedad, dado el gran espectro de presentación de la infección, para así dar tratamiento oportuno y dirigido.
Presentación polipoide de un tumor neuroendocrino: reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Romero Serrano Sergio Andrés , Baez Ariza Edwin Alirio , Pardo Gonzalez Sheyla Yurian , Martínez Martínez Sebastián
Published: September 2022

Debido a la implementación de las colonoscopias como método de tamizaje, ha aumentado el diagnóstico de tumores neuroendocrinos rectales (TNER), la mayoría tiene un tamaño menor de 1 centímetro en el momento del diagnóstico, confinado a la submucosa y bien diferenciado; generalmente tienen un curso benigno y en su mayoría se tratan por métodos endoscópicos. Las metástasis son raras y dependen del tamaño tumoral y otros factores como la invasión a la submucosa, diseminación linfática y clasificación histológica, lo cual determinará el pronóstico y tratamiento a elección. Se presenta el caso de un tumor neuroendocrino rectal presentado en forma de pólipo durante un tamizaje endoscópico de rutina y una aproximación de la literatura actual.
Prevalencia y localización gástrica del Helicobacter pylori en pacientes con atrofia y metaplasia intestinal en una institución de alta complejidad en Colombia
Authors: Corso Claudia , Aponte Diego Mauricio , Preciado Javier , Medina-Parra Jorge , Sabbagh Sanvicente Luis Carlos
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Helicobacter pylori juega un papel fundamental en la cascada de carcinogénesis del cáncer gástrico tipo intestinal; sin embargo, no existe claridad respecto a su prevalencia en condiciones preneoplásicas que generan cambio en el microambiente de la mucosa. Actualmente se recomienda la vigilancia endoscópica por protocolo de Sydney cada 2 a 3 años, pero no es clara la presencia de H. pylori en la región subcardial y el fondo gástrico.
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia y localización gástrica del H. pylori en pacientes con condiciones preneoplásicas.
Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en adultos con diagnóstico previo de atrofia o metaplasia intestinal que ingresaron a endoscopia de control, a quienes se les tomaron biopsias del antro, cuerpo, incisura angularis, región subcardial y fondo gástrico. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los resultados por regiones gástricas.
Resultados: se recolectó la información de 160 pacientes con una prevalencia de H. pylori del 37,5 %, la cual fue en aumento de proximal a distal iniciando con una prevalencia de 12,5 % en la región subcardial hasta una prevalencia de 30,6 % en el antro; hubo un patrón similar en la prevalencia de lesiones preneoplásicas. Se observó una mayor presencia de lesiones avanzadas (displasia, carcinoma) en la incisura.
Conclusiones: la prevalencia de H. pylori en condiciones premalignas evidenció una mayor presencia en las regiones distales en comparación con las proximales, y es más frecuente en la región antral y menor en la región subcardial. En cuanto a la distribución gástrica de atrofia y metaplasia, se encontró mayor compromiso en el antro y la incisura, y es baja en la región subcardial y el fondo.
Encefalitis anti-receptor NMDA: un diagnóstico a considerar
Authors: Argoty Chamorro Giovanny Armando , Rodríguez López Laura Melissa , Rodríguez Angarita Carlos Edgardo
Published: September 2022

Las encefalitis son trastornos inflamatorios cerebrales, secundarias a diferentes procesos patológicos que incluyen causas infecciosas y autoinmunes. En los últimos años se han estudiado los procesos autoinmunes involucrados, con una creciente identificación de casos donde presenta una amplia variedad de síntomas neurológicos y psiquiátricos que suelen dificultar el diagnóstico oportuno. Por tanto, esta es una revisión narrativa que describe los principales aspectos de la encefalitis por anticuerpos contra el receptor de N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDAR), su patogénesis (mecanismo que comparte con los trastornos psicóticos), diagnóstico y presentación clínica; aspectos que destacan la importancia de una evaluación exhaustiva de las manifestaciones psiquiátricas en el ámbito clínico.
Beneficios del ejercicio físico en niños y niñas con sobrepeso y obesidad en Neiva-Huila, Colombia.
Authors: Audor González María Helena , Lerma Castaño Piedad Rocío , González Elizabeth Roldán
Published: September 2022

El sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil son un problema mundial, de estadísticas alarmantes, tales patologías afectan el crecimiento y desarrollo de los niños y las niñas. Se considera que estas condiciones pueden prevenirse mediante la promoción del ejercicio físico y el cambio hacia una alimentación sana en la infancia, etapa fundamental donde se sientan las bases esenciales de los estilos de vida saludable que incidirán de manera directa e indirecta en el bienestar físico, social y emocional por el resto de la vida.
Eficacia y tolerabilidad de Nitazoxanida para parasitismo intestinal en escolares atendidos en el Centro de Salud de la Universidad del Quindío
Authors: Nati Castillo Humberto Alejandro , Montes Cardona Jorge Andrés , Navarrete Ospina Catalina , Aponte Morales Paula Camila , Gómez Marín Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Describir la efectividad del tratamiento antiparasitario intestinal brindado a niños de cuatro a nueve años atendidos en el centro de Salud de la Universidad del Quindío entre  Julio de 2017 a marzo de 2018.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo. Se extrajeron datos de historias clínicas de pacientes con rango de edad de 4 a 9 años, quienes consultaron en el Centro de Salud de la Universidad del Quindío y se diagnosticaron mediante coprológico con blastocistosis o giardiasis. Se seleccionaron las historias cuyo tratamiento fuese Nitazoxanida y tuviesen un coprológico control postratamiento. Se presentan estadísticas descriptivas; porcentaje de eficacia y tolerabilidad.

Resultados: De 15 niños tratados con Nitazoxanida, respondieron al tratamiento 10, en quienes no se hallaron parásitos en el coprológico control. Con una eficacia del 83,3% (IC95% 60 – 100) en blastocistosis,  57,1% (IC95% 32 – 82%) en giardiasis.

Conclusión: Se evidenciaron resultados porcentuales similares a los reportados en la literatura, siendo más eficaz en blastocisotisis que en giardiasis.
Composition and phylogenetic structure of Pampean Grasslands under distinct land use and presence of alien species
Authors: Junior Neil Damas de Oliveira , Diniz Ecio Souza , Jr Rubem S. Avila
Published: September 2022

Alien species can modify ecosystem functions and ecological processes in
natural

communities, and potentially become invasive. In the Brazilian Pampean
grasslands, reports

of changes in land use and invasions of alien plant species are becoming
more frequent. This

study aimed to investigate species composition and phylogenetic
relationships between native

and alien plants across four sites of Brazilian Pampean grasslands under
distinct land uses

(NOM: no agricultural management; GRZ: grazed pastures; AGR: agrarian
crops; ROAD:

roadside). The phylogenetic relationship between native and alien
species was analyzed at two

scales: inter-site (large scale) and intra-site (small scale). We found
inter-site differences in

phylogenetic diversity. Overall, across all sites we found random
phylogenetic relationships

among alien and native species. In the most disturbed site (ROAD) we
found significant

phylogenetic clustering among all species (alien and natives), while at
the small scale,

clustering was only found among natives. We conclude that clustering of
phylogenetic

relationships among alien and native species is only evident at small
sampling scales in

environments subject to high levels of disturbance (i.e., road sides) in
the studied Pampean

Grasslands, suggesting that environmental filtering plays an important
role in local

community assembly.

Keywords: disturbance, land use, phylogenetic pattern, plant
invasion, native communities
Kawasaki disease: surgical treatment.
Authors: Navarro Fabio , Mulinari Leonardo
Published: September 2022

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of small and medium
arteries, preferably affecting coronary arteries. It is one of the most
frequent causes of acquired heart disease in children. Despite being
comprehensively studied, its etiopathogenesis is not totally explained.
The surgical procedures usually become necessary during the late
follow-up and may be coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiac
defibrillator implantation with or without cardiac resynchronization
therapy, or cardiac transplantation.
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Severe Postpartum Haemorrhage After Caesarean Delivery: A Two-Centre Retrospective Study
Authors: Yin Wanchang , Wang Xinghe , Li Ruirui , Guo Junhong , Sun Manna , Yang Shujing , Chen Dunjin , he fang
Published: September 2022

Abstract Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram to predict severe
postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) following caesarean delivery. Design:
Two-centre retrospective cohort study. Setting: Third Affiliated
Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University and the Dongguan Maternal and
Child Health Care Hospital. Population: Cesarean delivery patients from
the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were
divided into a development cohort (n=11,037) and an internal validation
cohort (n=4,673). Cesarean delivery patients from the Dongguan Maternal
and Child Health Care Hospital (n=13,775) were enrolled in the external
validation cohort. Methods: The nomogram was based on independent risk
factors for severe PPH obtained by multivariate logistic regression. We
evaluated the discrimination and calibration of the nomogram in the
development and validation cohorts. The area under the receiver
operating characteristic curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and
calibration plots were used to assess the nomogram. Main outcome
measures: Postpartum haemorrhage. Results: Severe PPH occurred in 4.5%,
4.3%, and 2.0% of the patients in the development, internal
validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. The nomogram
used data including previous caesarean delivery, low pre-pregnancy
weight, placenta previa, and placenta accreta spectrum disorders. The
area under the curves of the nomogram in the internal and external
validation cohorts were 0.915 (95% confidence interval, 0.893–0.938)
and 0.799 (95% confidence interval, 0.764–0.834), respectively.
Consistency between the predicted and actual probabilities was observed
in both validation cohorts. Conclusions: The nomogram displayed good
calibration and discrimination; thus, it can be used for screening and
timely intervention by clinicians, thereby reducing severe PPH
incidence.
Adaption, neutrality, and life course diversity
Authors: Steiner Ulrich , Tuljapurkar Shripad
Published: September 2022

Heterogeneity among individuals in fitness components is what selection
acts upon. Evolutionary theories predict that selection in constant
environments acts against such heterogeneity. But observations reveal
substantial non-genetic and also non-environmental variability in
phenotypes. Here we examine whether there is a relationship between
selection pressure and phenotypic variability by analysing structured
population models based on data from a large and diverse set of species.
Our findings suggest that non-genetic, non-environmental variation is in
general neither truly neutral, selected for, or selected against. We
find much variation among species and populations within species, with
mean patterns suggesting nearly neutral evolution of life course
variability. Populations that show greater diversity of life courses do
not show, in general, increased or decreased population growth rates.
Our analysis suggests we are only at the beginning in understanding the
evolution and maintenance of non-genetic non environmental variation.
Mechanistic Modeling of Viral Particle Production
Authors: Canova Christopher T. , Inguva Pavan K. , Braatz Richard
Published: September 2022

Viral systems such as wild-type viruses, viral vectors, and virus-like
particles are essential components of modern biotechnology and medicine.
Despite their importance, the commercial-scale production of viral
systems remains highly inefficient for multiple reasons. Computational
strategies are a promising avenue for improving process development,
optimization, and control, but require a mathematical description of the
system. This article reviews mechanistic modeling strategies for the
production of viral particles, both at the cellular and bioreactor
scales. In many cases, techniques and models from adjacent fields such
as epidemiology and wild-type viral infection kinetics can be adapted to
construct a suitable process model. These process models can then be
employed for various purposes such as in-silico testing of novel process
operating strategies and/or advanced process control.
Blockchain-based raw material shipping with PoC in Hyperledger Composer
Authors: Saini Hemraj , Dash Satyabrata , Pani Subhendu , Sousa Maria , Rocha Álvaro
Published: September 2022

In today?s world, a lot of various kinds of raw materials are shipped from one place to another as per the requirement of industries. This shipping process involved many multiple levels with multiple personalities or authorities. The intermediates may be influenced by some illegal external factors and there may be some theft or modification in the raw material which is in the shipping process. This generates a significant loss if the material is of high cost. Presently, the advancements in information technology precede a method to restrict this loss and it is blockchain. Blockchain technology is an essential feature in enabling a comprehensive view of events back to origination. The shipping chain of raw materials that provides integrity and tamper resistance for raw materials in the shipping process is proposed in the manuscript. we have also provided proof of concept (PoC) in Hyperledger Composer with performance evaluation.
Adaptive wavelet transform based on artificial fish swarm optimization and fuzzy C-means method for noisy image segmentation
Authors: Yang Rui , Li Dahai
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problem that traditional fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is susceptible to noise in processing noisy images, a noisy image segmentation method based on FCM wavelet domain feature enhancement is proposed. Firstly, the noise image is decomposed by two-dimensional wavelet. Secondly, the edge enhancement of the approximate coefficient is carried out, and the artificial fish swarm (AFS) optimization algorithm is used to process the threshold value of the detail coefficient, and the processed coefficient is reconstructed by wavelet transform. Finally, the reconstructed image is segmented by FCM algorithm. Five typical gray-scale images are selected by adding Gaussian noise and Salt& pepper noise, respectively, and segmented by various methods. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and error rate (MR) of segmented images are used as performance indexes. Experimental results show that compared with traditional FCM clustering algorithm segmentation method, particle swarm optimization (PSO) segmentation method and other methods, the indexes of image segmentation by the proposed method is greatly improved. It can be seen that the proposed segmentation method retains the texture information of image edge well, and its anti-noise performance and segmentation performance are improved.
DRN-SEAM: A deep residual network based on squeeze-and-excitation attention mechanism for motion recognition in education
Authors: Hua Xinxiang
Published: September 2022

In order to solve the shortcomings of the traditional motion recognition methods and obtain better motion recognition effect in education, this paper proposes a residual network based on Squeeze-and-Excitation attention mechanism. Deep residual network is widely used in various fields due to the high recognition accuracy. In this paper, the convolution layer, adjustment batch normalization layer and activation function layer in the deep residual network model are modified. Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism is introduced to adjust the structure of network convolution kernel. This operation enhances the feature extraction ability of the new network model. Finally, the expansibility experiments are conducted on WISDM(Wireless Sensor Data Mining), and UCI(UC Irvine) data sets. In terms of F1, the value exceeds 90%. The results show that the proposed model is more accurate than other state-of-the-art posture recognition models. The proposed method can obtain the ideal motion recognition results.
Case 1: Suspected Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)-5 (MODY-HNF1B) Responding to Monotherapy With Metformin
Authors: Ramirez Berloz Ana , Patel Richa , Gardner David , Kurukulasuriya L. Romayne , Sowers James
Published: September 2022

A thinly built 40-year-old Caucasian man with a past medical history of weight loss, polyuria, and polydipsia was admitted with sudden-onset mild epigastric pain, nausea, dizziness, lightheadedness, and excessive thirst. He also had hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, and elevated transaminases and serum creatinine. Hyperglycemia and hyponatremia resolved after intravenous (IV) hydration and IV insulin. However, he had persistently elevated creatinine and abnormal liver function tests upon discharge the following day and was instructed to establish care with Endocrinology.
Case 17: Diabetic Ketoacidosis in End-Stage Renal Disease: A Unique Challenge
Authors: Garla Vishnu , Subauste Angela , Lien Lillian
Published: September 2022

A 47-year-old female patient with type 1 diabetes, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and congestive heart failure was admitted with chest pain and dyspnea. Physical examination was significant for bibasilar crepitation, jugular venous distention, and pedal edema consistent with volume overload.
Case 34: Hyperinsulemic Hypoglycemia After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: Both Fasting and Postprandial
Authors: Magar Maria , Peters Anne , Barnett Braden
Published: September 2022

The case subject is a 34-year-old female with a past history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery for obesity (BMI 41 kg/m2). Two years after the RYGB, now with BMI of 24.9 kg/m2, she started having symptomatic hypoglycemia, nausea, and vomiting. An inpatient 72-h fast was negative, but she experienced a drop in her blood glucose (BG) from 20 to 50 mg/dL, with concurrent loss of consciousness after eating a mixed meal.
Case 35: Refractory Hypoglycemia Due to Massive Unintentional Insulin Overdose
Authors: Merrill Jennifer , Rowell Jennifer
Published: September 2022

A 30-year-old uninsured male was admitted with status epilepticus in the setting of severe hypoglycemia. He was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age 21 years, when he presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and positive GAD antibody (0.82 nmol/L, reference range <0.02). He had no known complications of diabetes but had not seen an outpatient physician in over 1 year. There was no evidence of pharmacy fills of his prescribed insulin regimen.
Case 40: Simplification of Insulin Regimen Improves Glycemic Control in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Luzuriaga Maria , Garg Rajesh
Published: September 2022

Case 1 was a 72-year-old female with type 2 diabetes who presented to our clinic to optimize glycemic control. The patient had a history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) related to prolonged hypertension, and she had received a kidney transplant about 5 years before presentation. Case 2 was a 71-year-old male with type 2 diabetes who presented to our clinic to optimize glycemic control. The patient had multiple comorbidities including hypertension, heart failure secondary to ischemic cardiomyopathy, Paget’s disease of the bone, and severe osteoarthritis.
Case 41: Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) in an Individual With Type 2 Diabetes on High-Dose Insulin Therapy
Authors: Mishriky Basem , Cummings Doyle , Mendez Carlos
Published: September 2022

The patient is a 55-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), and class III obesity who was evaluated in the diabetes clinic. His diabetes regimen included metformin XR 2 g daily, insulin glargine 80 units daily, and insulin lispro 40 units before meals.
Case 43: Nondiabetic Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes: When to Consider a Renal Biopsy
Authors: Zhang Rong Mei , Puri Ritika , Li Tingting , McGill Janet
Published: September 2022

Case 1 was a 33-year-old male with type 1 diabetes since age 6 years and hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; the patient missed annual labs for 2 years. He used continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and had achieved an HbA1c level of <7% for several years. Case 2 was a 38-year-old male with type 1 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and selective IgM deficiency who had significant albuminuria on routine screening. Type 1 diabetes was diagnosed at age 12 years and was well controlled with HbA1c levels ranging from 6–7.5%.