bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glycyrrhizin Protects γ-Irradiated Mice from Gut Bacteria–Associated Infectious Complications by Improving miR-222–Associated Gas5 RNA Reduction in Macrophages of the Bacterial Translocation Site
Authors: Ito Ichiaki , Loucas Bradford D. , Suzuki Sumihiro , Kobayashi Makiko , Suzuki Fujio
Published: January 2020

Gut bacteria–associated sepsis is a serious concern in patients with gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GIARS). In our previous studies, gut bacteria–associated sepsis caused high mortality rates in mice exposed to 6–9 Gy of γ-rays. IL-12+CD38+ iNOS+ Mϕ (M1Mϕ) located in the bacterial translocation site (mesenteric lymph nodes [MLNs]) of unirradiated mice were characterized as host defense antibacterial effector cells. However, cells isolated from the MLNs of GIARS mice were mostly CCL1+IL-10+LIGHT+miR-27a+ Mϕ (M2bMϕ, inhibitor cells for the M1Mϕ polarization). Reduced long noncoding RNA Gas5 and increased miR-222 expression in MLN-Mϕ influenced by the irradiation were shown to be associated with M2bMϕ polarization. In this study, the mortality of mice exposed to 7 Gy of γ-rays (7 Gy GIARS mice) was completely controlled after the administration of glycyrrhizin (GL), a major active ingredient in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Bacterial translocation and subsequent sepsis were minimal in 7 Gy GIARS mice treated with GL. Increased Gas5 RNA level and decreased miR-222 expression were shown in MLN-Mϕ isolated from 7 Gy GIARS mice treated with GL, and these macrophages did not display any properties of M2bMϕ. These results indicate that gut bacteria–associated sepsis in 7 Gy GIARS mice was controlled by the GL through the inhibition of M2bMϕ polarization at the bacteria translocation site. Expression of Ccl1, a gene required for M2bMϕ survival, is silenced in the MLNs of 7 Gy GIARS mice because of Gas5 RNA, which is increased in these cells after the suppression of miR-222 (a Gas5 RNA expression inhibitor) by the GL.
OCCHIO E VISIONE: MERAVIGLIA DELLA NATURA O PROGETTO DIFETTOSO?
Authors: Gobbi Pier Giorgio
Published: January 2020

The behavior of the human visual system exhibits some flaws, including monochromatic and chromatic aberrations, finite dynamic range, limited spatial and temporal resolution. Why did it evolve this way? Can it be improved somehow, for example with the support of technology? The answer is obtained from a neuro-physical model developed by the author, which provides quantitative estimates of the optical and visual performances of the human eye, in agreement with experimental records. The conclusion, based on the principle of utility, is that the evolutionary design of the visual system is perfectly tailored for the primary survival needs of our primitive ancestors in daylight illumination, and it can hardly be improved with the help of human

technology.
LA STRAGE EVITABILE DEL GERMANWINGS
Authors: Andreoli Vittorino
Published: January 2020

A co-pilot on the Barcellona-Dusseldorf fly, left alone in the cabin when the pilot went to the toilet, locked himself inside the pilots cabin and put into action a premeditatet plan of smashing into the side of the Pyrenees leading to rhe death of himself and 149 passengers. The case will be analyse by the psychiatrist, reading the tragedy as an expression of a delirium of greatness, which characterises the manic phase of a Bipolar Disorder. It shows how thinking that he had the destiny of those people in his hands brought about a titanic condition of omnipotence and at the same time the consideration that his own death would be heroic act that would go down in history. A disorder he had suffered for years and which the airline ignored.
The surgery of brain damage
Authors: De Villiers J. C.
Published: January 2020

’n Oorsig van chirurge in breinskade word gegee. Voorkomende en palliatiewe chirurgie word kortliks bespreek. Chirurgie in spastisiteit sluit in neurektomie, risotome en longitudinale mielotomie en die voor- en nadele word bespreek. Serebellere dentatotomie en ander chirurgie vir abnormale bewegings dateer van 1890 en word nog vandag bebruik. Chirurgie in die basale ganglia area word in uitsonderlike' gevalle aangedui. Ten laaste word chirurgie vir epilepsie en verhoogde intrakraniale druk bespreek.
A common-sense approach to amputee check-out
Authors: North J. F. , Stuart D. W.
Published: January 2020

Noukeurige evaluering van die pasiënt wat sy kunsledemaat is 'n uiterse belangrike del van die aanpassingsprogram.  'n Algemene benadering ord toegepas wat geskik is om elke pasient te pas.  Die voordele verbonde aan die behoorlike ondersoek van die pasiënt voor die kunsledemaat gepas word, word beklemtoon.  Die behoefte by 'n vroeë stadiumte ontdek, word ook bespreek.  Statestiek word gelewer om die getal nuwe pasiënte te vergelyk.
Respiratoriese aandoening in kinders
Authors: Thom J. C.
Published: January 2020

Respiratoriese aandoening in jong kinders en babas is oor die algemeen meer akuut as in volwassenes. Verskeie faktore is hiervoor verantwoordelik. Anatomiese, fisiologiese en immunologiese verskille, asook omgewingsfaktore en die behandelingsmetodes in die verskillende ouderdomsgroepe.
Correspondence
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
Book Reviews
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: January 2020

No abstract avaialble.
Flexor and extensor tendon injuries
Authors: Pretorius L. K.
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
Physiotherapy in a specialised hand unit
Authors: Holt Sue
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
Diastasis of the pubic symphysis with special consideration of pregnancy and parturition
Authors: Wilson Gail
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
The Silk: The Poetic system of The Morphology Prose of lbn Asfur (by an Unknown Scholar from the Eighth Century AH) Studied and edited by
Authors: Rafi’ Ghazi Al-Sulami Rafi’ Ghazi Al-Sulami
Published: January 2020

This book is written in poetic structure. It adopts the poetry as a style to write down the subjects of morphology. The author of the book is an unknown scholar (he belongs to the eighth century AH). The most important results of this research include the following: 1) The silk book has a scientific value among grammarians. 2) The author of this manuscript has a specific opinions in the topics of morphology. 3) The same author was acquainted with the knowledge of Arabic. 4) The science of grammar stayed active in Arabic Islamic culture through out ages. 5) Writing grammar and morphology in a poetic style was valid in Islamic civilization for educational purposes.
The Stylistics of Pronouns in Ibrahim Naji's Collection of Poems "Behind the Clouds"
Authors: Husam Muhammed Ayyoub Husam Muhammed Ayyoub
Published: January 2020

This work consists of an introduction and two parts. In the introduction, I have dealt with the research aims and goals, and the research methodology. Part one of this work deals with the relationship between stylistics and the language of poetry through the investigation of four problems: the notion of stylistics, the criteria of observing stylistic features, the relationship between stylistics and literary criticism, and the syntactic level in stylistics. Part two represents the practical aspect of the research through the study of the speaking side in the construction of the poem in Ibrahim Naji's collection of poems "Behind the Clouds". I have distinguished between three types of poems: the poem of the speaker, the poem of the addressee, and the poem of the absent, However, the focus has been on the contribution of the occurrence of a particular type of pronoun in the semantic construction of the poem. The conclusion highlights the most significant results of the present research.
Small-scale milkfish (Chanos chanos) farming in Kenya: An overview of the trends and dynamics of production
Authors: Mirera David O.
Published: January 2020

A number of donor-funded projects by NGOs, government departments and faith-based organizations have piloted milkfish farming along the coast of Kenya at different scales with the aim of addressing poverty and food security at the community level. This paper provides an overview of the history of milkfish farming, organisation of operations, funding, farmers trends, and production dynamics, using both secondary and primary data. Primary data were obtained from quantitative and qualitative assessments covering 26 community milkfish farming groups, while secondary data were obtained from the grey literature and donor-funded project reports. Additional primary data were obtained through 9 key informant interviews covering three coastal Counties, and focus group discussions (8-10 members) at all the community milkfish farms. The study established that milkfish farming could be traced back to the early 1980’s as a by-product of the prawn farming intervention by FAO, and later in other private farms that practised prawn farming. Community/village based small-scale milkfish farming was initiated about two decades ago using organised community groups (OCGs) as the entry point. The number of OCGs undertaking milkfish farming fluctuated with availability of donor funds and increased significantly between 2007 and 2015 with an increase in earthen pond farming area from 0.9ha to 6.8ha over this period. However, the scale of production remained low. Annual milkfish production increased from less than 50kg in 2005 to a maximum of 3.2 tons in 2015. Milkfish farming has not attained production levels that can address poverty and food security issues; a fact that was associated with the lack of reliable milkfish seed for stocking culture facilities. Harvests from existing farms are sold at the farm gate and in nearby market centres with a few communities venturing into opening fish shop outlets to sell their produce.
Assessing the effectiveness of LED lights for the reduction of sea turtle bycatch in an artisanal gillnet fishery - a case study from the north coast of Kenya
Authors: Kakai Timothy M.
Published: January 2020

Artisanal gillnet fisheries exist throughout the world’s oceans and have been responsible for high bycatch rates of sea turtles. Three sites on the north coast of Kenya, i.e. Watamu, Ngomeni, and Bwana Said, were studied with the overall objective of assessing the effectiveness of LED lights in the reduction of sea turtle bycatch in the bottom-set gillnet fishery. A total of 10 boats with pairs of control and illuminated nets were deployed during the study, with 56 turtles caught in control nets, while 30 were caught in illuminated nets. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) of target species was similar for both control and illuminated nets. In contrast, the mean CPUE of sea turtles was reduced by 64.3% in illuminated nets. This statistically significant decrease (p < 0.04) in sea turtle catch rate suggests that net illumination could be an effective conservation tool. Some useful data on fish catch rates with and without LED lights were also obtained, and interviews with fishermen suggested that they believe that the lights are effective at reducing marine turtle bycatch in their gill nets when set at night. The issues associated with implementing the use of LED lights included increased net handling times, equipment costs, and limited awareness among fishermen regarding the effectiveness of this technology. These challenges need the support of other stakeholders, especially national government, so as to implement this strategy of reducing turtle bycatch more widely.
Mineralogy and geochemistry of Asian dust: Dependence on migration path, fractionation, and reactions with polluted air
Authors: Jeong Gi Young
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mineralogical and geochemical data are essential for estimating the effects of long-range transport of Asian dust on the atmosphere, biosphere, cryosphere, and pedosphere. However, consistent long-term data sets of dust samples are rare. This study analyzed 25 samples collected during 14 Asian dust events occurring between 2005 and 2018 on the Korean Peninsula, and compares them to 34 soil samples (
Implementation of a chemical background method for atmospheric OH measurements by laser-induced fluorescence: characterisation and observations from the UK and China
Authors: Woodward-Massey Robert , Slater Eloise J. , Alen Jake , Ingham Trevor , Cryer Daniel R. , Stimpson Leanne M. , Ye Chunxiang , Seakins Paul W. , Whalley Lisa K. , Heard Dwayne E.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxy (HO2) radicals are central to the understanding of atmospheric chemistry. Owing to their short lifetimes, these species are frequently used to test the accuracy of model predictions and their underlying chemical mechanisms. In forested environments, laser-induced fluorescence–fluorescence assay by gas expansion (LIF–FAGE) measurements of OH have often shown substantial disagreement with model predictions, suggesting the presence of unknown OH sources in such environments. However, it is also possible that the measurements have been affected by instrumental artefacts, due to the presence of interfering species that cannot be discriminated using the traditional method of obtaining background signals via modulation of the laser excitation wavelength (OHwave). The interference hypothesis can be tested by using an alternative method to determine the OH background signal, via the addition of a chemical scavenging prior to sampling of ambient air (OHchem). In this work, the Leeds FAGE instrument was modified to include such a system to facilitate measurements of OHchem, in which propane was used to selectively remove OH from ambient air using an inlet pre-injector (IPI). The IPI system was characterised in detail, and it was found that the system did not reduce the instrument sensitivity towards OH ( 99 %) without the removal of OH formed inside the fluorescence cell (
On the magnetic characteristics of magnetic holes in the solar wind between Mercury and Venus
Authors: Volwerk Martin , Goetz Charlotte , Plaschke Ferdinand , Karlsson Tomas , Heyner Daniel , Anderson Brian
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The occurrence rate of linear and pseudo magnetic holes has been determined during MESSENGER's cruise phase starting from Venus (2007) and arriving at Mercury (2011). It is shown that the occurrence rate of linear magnetic holes, defined as a maximum of 10∘ rotation of the magnetic field over the hole, slowly decreases from Mercury to Venus. The pseudo magnetic holes, defined as a rotation between 10 and 45∘ over the hole, have mostly a constant occurrence rate.
Co-occurrence of Fe and P stress in natural populations of the marine diazotroph Trichodesmium
Authors: Held Noelle A. , Webb Eric A. , McIlvin Matthew M. , Hutchins David A. , Cohen Natalie R. , Moran Dawn M. , Kunde Korinna , Lohan Maeve C. , Mahaffey Claire M. , Woodward E. Malcolm S. , Saito Mak A.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Trichodesmium is a globally important marine microbe that provides fixed nitrogen to otherwise N limited ecosystems. In nature, nitrogen fixation is likely regulated by iron or phosphate availability, but the extent and interaction of these controls is unclear. From metaproteomics analyses using established protein biomarkers for iron and phosphate stress, we found that co-stress is the norm rather than the exception for field Trichodesmium colonies. Counter-intuitively, the nitrogenase enzyme was most abundant under co-stress, consistent with the idea that Trichodesmium has a specific physiological state under nutrient co-stress. Organic nitrogen uptake was observed to occur simultaneously with nitrogen fixation. Quantification of the phosphate ABC transporter PstC combined with a cellular model of nutrient uptake suggested that Trichodesmium is confronted by the biophysical limits of membrane space and diffusion rates for iron and phosphate acquisition. Colony formation may benefit nutrient acquisition from particulate and organic nutrient sources, alleviating these pressures. The results indicate that to predict the behavior of Trichodesmium, we must consider multiple nutrients simultaneously across biogeochemical contexts.
Profiling float observation of thermohaline staircases in the western Mediterranean Sea and impact on nutrient fluxes
Authors: Taillandier Vincent , Prieur Louis , D'Ortenzio Fabrizio , Ribera d'Alcalà Maurizio , Pulido-Villena Elvira
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Characterizing the spatio-temporal arrangements of inorganic nutrients is critical to improve our understanding of the marine biological primary production. Among the processes contributing to nutrient distributions, diapycnal diffusion plays a crucial role for the supply of nutrients to the surface productive zone, and for the equilibration of vertical differences in nutrient concentrations induced by large scale thermohaline circulation. This is the case in the western Mediterranean Sea, where Levantine intermediate waters (LIW), that circulate below the surface layer, regionally distribute the nutrient stocks conveyed from the eastern basin or provided by terrestrial inputs, atmospheric deposition, and remineralization of organic matter. In the present study, we focus on the role played by diffusive processes in the LIW fertilization, considering long-term observations of thermohaline staircases. In association with the unprecedented contribution of profiling floats to explore their structural changes, the fine characterization of western Mediterranean thermohaline staircases sampled during the cruise PEACETIME can be carried out from a different perspective. Observations revealed that thermohaline staircases develop over epicentral regions confined inside large scale circulation features and sustained by saltier LIW inflows on the periphery. As observed in the Algerian Basin, these epicentral regions are thought to be site of active mixing, with changes of seawater properties by about + 0.06 °C in temperature and + 0.02 in salinity during the four years of observation. In-situ lateral density ratios are analysed in the view of theoretical predictions to identify and untangle (i) salt fingering as driver of water mass conversion, with (ii) isopycnal diffusion as spreader of heat and salt from the surrounding sources. In the Tyrrhenian Sea, the resulting nutrient fluxes bring upward from deep waters 5 μmol/m2/d in nitrate, which represents one fourth of LIW fertilization by diapycnal diffusion, but remains a secondary contributor to the enrichment of Ionian water inflows.
Paleogeographic controls on the evolution of Late Cretaceous ocean
circulation
Authors: Ladant Jean-Baptiste , Poulsen Christopher J. , Fluteau Frédéric , Tabor Clay R. , MacLeod Kenneth G. , Martin Ellen E. , Haynes Shannon J. , Rostami Masoud A.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Understanding of the role of ocean circulation on climate during the Late Cretaceous is contingent on the ability to reconstruct its modes and evolution. Geochemical proxies used to infer modes of past circulation provide conflicting interpretations for the reorganization of the ocean circulation through the Late Cretaceous. Here, we present climate model simulations of the Cenomanian (100.5–93.9 Ma) and Maastrichtian (72.1–66.1 Ma) stages of the Cretaceous with the CCSM4 earth system model. We focus on intermediate (500–1500 m) and deep (> 1500 m) ocean circulation, and show that while there is continuous deep-water production in the southwest Pacific, major circulation changes occur between the Cenomanian and Maastrichtian. Opening of the Atlantic and Southern Ocean, in particular, drives a transition from a mostly zonal circulation to enhanced meridional exchange. Using additional experiments to test the effect of deepening of major ocean gateways in the Maastrichtian, we demonstrate that the geometry of these gateways likely had a considerable impact on ocean circulation. We further compare simulated circulation results with compilations of εNd records and show that simulated changes in Late Cretaceous ocean circulation are reasonably consistent with inferences from this proxy. In our simulations, consistency with the geologic history of major ocean gateways and absence of shift in areas of deep-water formation suggest that the Late Cretaceous trend in εNd values in the Atlantic and southern Indian Oceans was caused by the subsidence of volcanic provinces and opening of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans rather than changes in deep-water formation areas and/or reversal of deep-water fluxes. However, the complexity in interpreting Late Cretaceous εNd values underscores the need for new records as well as specific εNd modeling to better discriminate between the various plausible theories of ocean circulation change during this period.
Global mean surface temperature and climate sensitivity of the EECO, PETM and latest Paleocene
Authors: Inglis Gordon N. , Bragg Fran , Burls Natalie , Evans David , Foster Gavin L. , Huber Matthew , Lunt Daniel J. , Siler Nicholas , Steinig Sebastian , Wilkinson Richard , Anagnostou Eleni , Cramwinckel Marlow , Hollis Christopher J. , Pancost Richard D. , Tierney Jessica E.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Accurate estimates of past global mean surface temperature (GMST) help to contextualise future climate change and are required to estimate the sensitivity of the climate system to CO2 forcing during the geological record. GMST estimates from the latest Paleocene and early Eocene (~ 57 to 48 million years ago) span a wide range (~ 9 to 23 °C higher than pre-industrial) and prevent an accurate assessment of climate sensitivity during this extreme greenhouse climate interval. Here, we develop a multi-method experimental framework to calculate GMST during three target intervals: 1) the latest Paleocene (~ 57 Ma), 2) the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (56 Ma) and 3) the early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO; 49.4 to 53.3 Ma). Using six independent methodologies, we find that average GMST estimates during the latest Paleocene and PETM are 11.7 °C (±0.6 °C) and 18.7 °C (±0.8 °C) higher than pre-industrial, respectively. GMST estimates from the EECO are 13.3 °C (±0.5 °C) warmer than pre-industrial and comparable to previous IPCC AR5 estimates (12.7 °C higher than pre-industrial). Leveraging the extremely large "signal" associated with these extreme warm climates, we combine estimates of GMST and CO2 from the latest Paleocene, PETM and EECO to calculate a gross estimate of the average climate sensitivity between the early Paleogene and today. This yields gross climate sensitivity estimates for the latest Paleocene, PETM and EECO which range between 2.8 to 4.8 °C (66 % confidence). These largely fall within the range predicted by the IPCC (1.5 to 4.5 °C per doubling CO2), but appear incompatible with low values (between 1.5 and 2.8 °C per doubling CO2).
Machine dependence and reproducibility for coupled climate simulations: the HadGEM3-GC3.1 CMIP Preindustrial simulation
Authors: Guarino Maria-Vittoria , Sime Louise C. , Schroeder David , Lister Grenville M. S. , Hatcher Rosalyn
Published: January 2020

Abstract. When the same weather or climate simulation is run on different high-performance computing (HPC) platforms, model outputs may not be identical for a given initial condition. While the role of HPC platforms in delivering better climate projections is to some extent discussed in the literature, attention is mainly focused on scalability and performance rather than on the impact of machine-dependent processes on the numerical solution. Here we investigate the behaviour of the Preindustrial (PI) simulation prepared by the UK Met Office for the forthcoming CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) under different computing environments. Discrepancies between the means of key climate variables were analysed at different timescales, from decadal to centennial. We found that for the two simulations to be statistically indistinguishable, a 200-year averaging period must be used for the analysis of the results. Thus, constant-forcing climate simulations using the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model are reproducible on different HPC platforms provided that a sufficiently long duration of simulation is used. In regions where El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection patterns were detected, we found large sea surface temperature and sea ice concentration differences on centennial timescales. This indicates that a 100-year constant-forcing climate simulation may not be long enough to adequately capture the internal variability of the HadGEM3-GC3.1 model, despite this being the minimum simulation length recommended by CMIP6 protocols for many MIP (Model Intercomparison Project) experiments. On the basis of our findings, we recommend a minimum simulation length of 200 years whenever possible.
Assessing the perturbations of the hydrogeological regime in sloping fens due to roads
Authors: Cochand Fabien , Käser Daniel , Grosvernier Philippe , Hunkeler Daniel , Brunner Philip
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Roads in sloping fens constitute a hydraulic barrier for
surface and subsurface flow. This can lead to the drying out of downslope
areas of the sloping fen as well as gully erosion. Different types of road
construction have been proposed to limit the negative implications of
roads on flow dynamics. However, so far, no systematic analysis of their
effectiveness has been carried out. This study presents an assessment of the
hydrogeological impact of three types of road structures in semi-alpine,
sloping fens in Switzerland. Our analysis is based on a combination of field
measurements and fully integrated, physically based modeling. In the field
approach, the influence of roads was examined using tracer tests in which
the area upslope of the road was sprinkled with a saline solution. The spatial
distribution of electrical conductivity downslope provided a qualitative
assessment of the flow paths and, thus, the implications of the road
structures on subsurface flow. A quantitative albeit not site-specific
assessment was carried out using fully coupled numerical models jointly
simulating surface and subsurface flow processes. The different road types
were implemented and their influence on flow dynamics was assessed for a
wide range of slopes and different hydraulic conductivities of the soil. The
models are based on homogenous soil conditions, allowing for a relative
ranking of the impact of the road types. For all cases analyzed in the field
and simulated using the numerical models, roads designed with an L drain
(i.e., collecting water upslope and releasing it in a concentrated manner
downslope) constitute the largest perturbations in terms of flow dynamics.
The other road structures investigated were found to have less impact. The
developed methodologies and results can be used for the planning of future
road projects in sloping fens.
O vianés e o galego da área zamorana. Particularidades en común destas variedades do galego oriental
Authors: Álvarez Pousa Concepción
Published: January 2020

O obxectivo deste artigo é dar a coñecer a variedade lingüística ourensá da Terra de Viana do Bolo, o vianés, e as variedades do galego da área zamorana comprendida pola fala ourensá da Mezquita e as falas zamoranas das Portelas, pertencentes ao galego oriental. Tras un primeiro achegamento a estes territorios afondarase na caracterización lingüística das variedades mencionadas para a continuación detallar as particularidades que o vianés, dada a súa proximidade, posúe con respecto ás falas veciñas da área zamorana. Asemade, abordarase a situación sociolingüística da zona referenciada e apoiarase o explicado coa transcrición de mostras orais pertencentes ao vianés e á área zamorana. Verbo dos resultados conclúese, que o vianés, pertencente á área oriental-central, comparte varios riscos dialectais coas variedades do galego da área zamorana, ambas as áreas pertencentes ao galego oriental, principalmente en ámbitos como a fonética e a morfosintaxe.
La adicción de los estudiantes a las redes sociales on-line: un estudio en el contexto latinoamericano
Authors: Cabero Almenara Julio , Martínez Pérez Sandra , Valencia Ortiz Rubicelia , Leiva Nuñez Jaime Patricio , Orellana Hernández Martha Lucía , Harvey López Ivonne
Published: January 2020

Las redes sociales on-line (RSO) han significado una transformación en la manera de comunicarse y relacionarse con las personas, y han alcanzado una cierta presencia en el terreno educativo, siendo utilizadas como entorno para el trabajo colaborativo, medio alternativo de comunicación, aprendizaje de idiomas, plataforma o LMS para la formación virtual, y para la tutoría y asesoría de estudiantes. Adolescentes y jóvenes manejan las RSO como medios preferente para su comunicación e interacción, para extender sus relaciones, para localizar y demandar información, como elemento de diversión, como medio de convivencia y para la creación de nuevos lenguajes de comunicación. Por todas estas acciones, la finalidad de nuestro estudio es conocer y analizar el grado de adicción que jóvenes y adolescentes de diferentes países latinoamericanos presentan hacia las RSO. Para ello, se aplicó una adaptación de la escala de Sahin (2018) denominada “Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form” (SMAS-SF) que fue contestada por 3223 jóvenes de Chile, Colombia, España, México, Perú y República Dominicana. Como resultados obtenidos, se observan diferencias significativas entre los jóvenes y adolescentes de los diferentes países encuestados, y además muestran fuertes signos de que a su juicio no son adictos a las mismas.
La investigación sobre el Aprendizaje-Servicio en la producción científica española: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Redondo-Corcobado Paloma , Fuentes Juan Luis
Published: January 2020

El creciente interés por la metodología del Aprendizaje-Servicio puede percibirse hoy en diferentes realidades educativas, tanto desde un plano teórico e investigador como desde la práctica llevada a cabo en diversos niveles y contextos. El presente artículo presenta una revisión sistemática de la producción científica sobre Aprendizaje-Servicio en las revistas españolas incluidas en 2017 en Journal Citation Reports y Scimago Journal & Country Rank y aquellas revistas que han obtenido el sello de calidad en las convocatorias de evaluación que lleva a cabo la Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT). Dicha revisión sistemática consiste en el análisis, en cada una de las publicaciones que la conforman, de diversas variables descriptivas extrínsecas al proceso científico, variables metodológicas, variables referidas a los participantes y variables relacionadas con la propia metodología de los proyectos de ApS. Los resultados muestran principalmente un crecimiento de las publicaciones sobre ApS concentrado en los últimos 4 años, una casi totalidad de estudios desarrollados sobre programas en el ámbito universitario, fundamentalmente en los Grados de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria, el predominio de estudios teóricos y cualitativos sobre los cuantitativos y la mayor atención a las variables relacionadas con el aprendizaje que aquellas que hacen referencia al servicio. De este modo, el análisis da como resultado la objetivación de la situación de la investigación educativa sobre el Aprendizaje-Servicio y la identificación de los retos emergentes en este ámbito de conocimiento y práctica educativa, aspectos que pueden resultar claves en su consolidación científica y continuidad futura.
Ethnomusicology: Global Field Recordings
Authors: Holmes Sarah C.
Published: January 2020

Ethnomusicology Global Field Recordings is a new venture from Adam Mathew Digital: A SAGE Publishing Company. The database furnishes primary resource materials from a variety of audio field recordings, field notebooks, film footage, correspondence, educational recordings, and ephemera
from over 60 ethnomusicologist field collections spanning over 70 years. Musical traditions, interviews with musicians, and assorted primary documents demonstrate how music influences and interacts with a variety of cultures. The geographic range is expansive and includes all continents. This
resource is broadly inclusive covering education, art, anthropology, dance, religion, ritual, history, and gender studies.
A relação entre emissão de CO2 e PIB per capita: análise para os países Sul-americanos no período de 1980 a 2009
Authors: Evangelista Isaac Ricarte , Costa Rodolfo Ferreira Ribeiro , Castelar Luiz Ivan de Melo , Irffi Guilherme Diniz
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a relação existente entre a atividade produtiva e a qualidade ambiental, tratadas pelo PIB per capita e pela emissão de CO2, respectivamente. Esta questão, embora bastante discutida pela literatura, principalmente, através da construção da Curva de Kuznets Ambiental (CKA), ainda apresenta lacunas quanto a relação dinâmica entre as séries. Neste sentindo, a referida relação foi idealizada a partir do modelo de Vetores Auto Regressivos para dados em painel (PVAR) e com informações sobre os países sul-americanos entre 1980 e 2009. Os resultados sugerem que exista uma relação de escala para relação e que o conjunto de economias analisado, por se tratarem de nações subdesenvolvidas, careçam de tecnologias que inibam a degradação ambiental. Assim, verifica-se que a atividade econômica poderia ser vista como elemento responsável por uma ação onerosa sobrea qualidade de vida das gerações futuras.
As relações entre despesas públicas e indicadores de saúde: uma análise de correlação canônica para os estados brasileiros
Authors: Kroth Darlan Christiano , Neduziak Luiz Carlos Ribeiro
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho mensurou a relação entre um conjunto de indicadores de despesas públicas, pertencentes ao grupo dos determinantes sociais da saúde, e os indicadores de saúde, mediante o emprego da técnica multivariada de análise de correlação canônica. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos dessas despesas sobre as condições de saúde dos estados brasileiros e Distrito Federal, na perspectiva de aprimorar as políticas públicas de saúde, contemplando a articulação de ações de diferentes áreas. Considerando que a saúde é um conceito multidisciplinar, tais indicadores sintéticos possibilitam uma análise mais ampla da condição de saúde dos estados, uma vez que capturou conjuntamente características latentes que, isoladamente, não possibilitariam o mesmo resultado. A correlação canônica, entre o primeiro par de variáveis canônicas apresentou-se bastante elevada (95,31%) e significativa, indicando que melhores resultados na área da saúde, bem como maior eficiência dos gastos e ganhos de economias de escala e de escopo, podem ser alcançados mediante o desenho de políticas públicas articuladas de diferentes áreas.
Celso Furtado e Raúl Prebisch frente à crise do desenvolvimentismo da década de 1960
Authors: Medeiros Fágner João Maia , Cosentino Daniel Do Val
Published: January 2020

Os anos de 1960 marcam uma profunda crise no pensamento desenvolvimentista na América Latina. O projeto de industrialização, conforme teorizado pelos estruturalistas da CEPAL, demonstra sua inviabilidade na reversão do subdesenvolvimento. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como Raúl Prebisch e Celso Furtado, renomados intelectuais expoentes do desenvolvimentismo latino-americano, interpretam tal crise. Apesar de enfoques distintos, tais autores presenciam com a crise uma tomada de consciência, de onde surge a necessidade de compreender a estrutura social da região e os seus mecanismos que atuam entorpecendo o desenvolvimento.
Willing Suspension of Disbelief, Here, Now
Authors: Spivak Gayatri Chakravorty
Published: January 2020

“Willing Suspension” is, among many other things, the revisiting of a principal figure and phrase of the British Romanticism that constituted Spivak’s own critical point of departure. “Folded together (com-plicit), not just face-to-face with Samuel Taylor Coleridge,” Spivak reviews this Romantic complicity, the interpolated “heres” and “nows” of a critical trajectory stretching from Calcutta to Columbia. “Under the sign of the hurricane lantern,” Spivak follows the expedited route in Coleridge from “the willing suspension of disbelief” to “poetic faith,” one only made “complicit in dreams.”
Geometric Properties of Special Spacelike Curves in Three-Dimension Minkowski Space-Time
Authors: Solouma E. M. , Wageeda M. M. , Soliman M. A. , Bary M.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we introduce a special spacelike Smarandache curves  reference to the Bishop frame of a regular spacelike curve  in Minkowski 3-space . From that point, we investigate the Frenet invariants of a special case in  and we obtain some properties of these curves when the base curve  is contained in a plane. Lastly, we shall give two examples to illustrate these curves.
Analysis of Influential Factors of Think Tanks in Chinese Universities
Authors: Liu Jiayin , Li Jilun , Qin Jing
Published: January 2020

Based on the spreading mechanism of think tank influence in social paradigm, this paper constructs an I-RDPS influence factor model to analyze the influence factors of think tank influence in Chinese universities. Taking the think tanks in the “2018 CTTI College Think Tank and" Top 100 College Think Tank Report "” (Guangming Daily,2019,p.16)as the research object, using the CTTI China Think Tank Index and the CNKI Database, and using python to crawl and sample this college think tank official WeChat public account data, to obtain samples Data. Using factor analysis, normal upper percentile method, and multiple regression analysis to quantify the sample data to obtain the coefficient of influence of each indicator on the influence of think tanks in Chinese universities.

By analyzing the results, conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis to check and evaluate the results, and finally to make recommendations for the development of new think tanks in Chinese universities: a strategic guideline based on research results and giving full play to the advantages of distinctive disciplines; using flat modern management; and improving social networks in the evaluation system Weight of influence, attach importance to the construction of new media; build a management information system that meets the needs of college think tanks, and attach importance to resource accumulation.
Multidisciplinariteit, wenselijkheid en de juridische context
Authors: Perquin-Deelen C.F.
Published: January 2020

Multidisciplinariteit, wenselijkheid en de juridische context

Het recente SER-advies inzake diversiteit en enkele andere ontwikkelingen laat zien dat er meer aandacht is voor de sturing van gedrag van mensen en organisaties. De juridische gedachte lijkt te zijn dat deze maakbaarheid gestuurd dan wel gevormd kan worden door invoering van regels. Wat betekent deze gedachte? En hoe leidt deze gedachte tot de noodzaak van multidisciplinarisering van de juridische sector?
De voorzitter van de raad van commissarissen, of: de éminence grise van het vennootschapsrecht
Authors: Kemperink G.N.H.
Published: January 2020

De voorzitter van de raad van commissarissen, of: de éminence grise van het vennootschapsrecht

De voorzitter van de raad van commissarissen vervult een spilfunctie in de vennootschap. Hij is voor de raad het contactpunt met bestuur en aandeelhouders. Hij wordt geacht de regie te nemen in crisissituaties. Dit roept de vraag op of de juridische positie van de voorzitter niet nader omlijnd zou moeten worden.
El Llibre de la Çuna e Xara en dos bibliotecas valencianas del siglo XV
Authors: Ferrer Gimeno Mª Rosario
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo estudia la presencia del libro llamado Llibre de la Çuna e Xara, por el que se regían las aljamas musulmanas valencianas durante la Edad Media, en dos bibliotecas valencianas dispares. Una la del noble Ferran Ximénez d’Arenós, señor de Alberic, y la otra de Joan Lopiç, párroco de Silla. En la primera obedece a una mejor ejecución de la jurisdicción civil y criminal entre sus vasallos musulmanes, en la segunda para conseguir una evangelización efectiva de esa población musulmana.
QUADRINHOS NÃO MUITO INOCENTES
Authors: Febbe Sandra
Published: January 2020

H muito tempo, alis, os quadrinhos vm sendo utilizados para a propagao de ideologias. Hoje, graas aos avanos tecnolgicos dos recursos grficos, atingiram um elevado grau de sofisticao em termos de cores e traados; mais do que nunca, as imagens pictricas que os constituem atraem o olhar dos leitores e pouco necessitam do texto verbal como apoio, pois os elementos narrativos visuais permitem compreender o enredo facilmente, ou seja, dizem tudo
A MODA TRIBAL E SEUS ASPECTOS COMUNICATIVOS
Authors: Santarelli Christiane
Published: January 2020

Escolher roupas para vestir veicular uma mensagem para o mundo, que pode tanto fazer uma descrio do cotidiano quanto simular uma situao que no verdadeira. As escolhas esbarram em variveis como a disponibilidade de determinadas roupas, consideraes sobre conforto, preo, tradies, cultura, sexo e viabilidade de uso, prevalecendo a mensagem mesmo depois de analisados tais aspectos. Portanto, a vestimenta no tem apenas uma utilidade prtica e de proteo: ela muito mais do que isso, pois apresenta todo um significado comunicativo e social por trs de seu uso
GANHOS E PERDAS DE UMA RENOVADA LINGUAGEM RADIOFÔNICA JORNALÍ­STICA, VIA PODCAST
Authors: Vaisbih Renato
Published: January 2020

GANHOS E PERDAS DE UMA RENOVADA LINGUAGEM RADIOFNICA JORNALSTICA, VIA PODCAST
O DESCAMINHO DO FEMINISMO NOS SIMPSONS
Authors: Amereno Daniela Sacuchi
Published: January 2020

O DESCAMINHO DO FEMINISMO NOS SIMPSONS
APONTAMENTO SOBRE A MORAL SUBSUMIDA EM "AS MÃOS SUJAS"
Authors: Silva Humberto Pereira da
Published: January 2020

A filosofia sartriana e o existencialismo influenciaram
significativamente o pensamento no século passado. Além de filósofo, Sartre também foi um grande escritor. Em sua peça As mãos sujas, pode-se perceber o reflexo de muitas de suas idéias. Nneste artigo, procura-se apontar a questão moral, portanto, o problema da liberdade, presente nessa peça específica do conjunto da obra literária de Sartre. Oo tema central de As mãos sujas é a liberdade de escolha,
quando os personagens estão inseridos numa “situação-limite”, que, para Sartre, é o momento de afirmação da liberdade. Oo objetivo do texto não é abrir polêmica em torno de conceitos como o de “situação- limite” ou de liberdade, em Sartre, mas, sim, exibir, indicar como esses conceitos estão aplicados nessa peça.
Tecnologia Digital e Interatividade na Televisão
Authors: Souza Ozéias Teixeira de
Published: January 2020

Neste trabalho, realiza-se uma reflexo sobre o impacto que a adoo da tecnologia digital no processo de transmisso e recepo de informaes pode causar na forma como a televiso inserida na vida social brasileira. Procurando uma abordagem no-hermenutica, prope-se refletir sobre esse novo papel da televiso a partir da materialidade pensada para o meio, propiciando maior interatividade e mudanas no comportamento dos indivduos. Percebemos que tal materialidade pode ajudar a constituir o que chamamos de transposio da interao atual da televiso analgica com o telespectador para um modelo usurio-mquina na televiso digital.
A Publicidade Contemporânea e as Teorias da Comunicação de Massa
Authors: Kawano Diogo Rógora , Trindade Eneus
Published: January 2020

A partir de leituras de obras clssicas sobre teorias da comunicao, apresentadas em Wolf (2005) e em Mattelart e Mattelart (2000), busca-se, neste trabalho, apontar as principais reflexes tericas da comunicao que contriburam, e ainda contribuem, para a compreenso dos processos de comunicao da publicidade e propaganda, observando as linhas tericas mais utilizadas na publicidade e refletindo a respeito de outras teorias e hipteses menos trabalhadas nos estudos miditicos da propaganda.
Cenários e Perspectivas para o Jornalismo Brasileiro do Século XXI
Authors: Tsutsui Ana Lúcia Nishida
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, busca-se compreender as mudanas que se operaram no jornalismo brasileiro e seus efeitos sobre a prtica jornalstica atual. Para isso, recorre-se a um resgate histrico para comprovar que as respostas sobre o futuro do jornalismo podem surgir justamente pela anlise da trajetria percorrida at o momento.
UPROWADZENIE LUB ZATRZYMANIE MAŁOLETNIEGO
ALBO OSOBY NIEPORADNEJ W ŚWIETLE DANYCH
STATYSTYCZNYCH KOMENDY GŁÓWNEJ POLICJI
Authors: Dajnowicz Diana
Published: January 2020

Problemem szeroko dyskutowanym medialnie są w ostatnim czasie
uprowadzenia i zatrzymania małoletnich,
w szczególności takie, które popełniane
są przez rodziców (tzw. porwania rodzicielskie). W wielu przypadkach zachowanie tego rodzaju wyczerpuje dyspozycję
art. 211 kodeksu karnego, który określa odpowiedzialność karną za uprowadzenie bądź zatrzymanie osoby małoletniej
poniżej 15. roku życia albo osoby nieporadnej ze względu na stan psychiczny lub
fi zyczny. Częstotliwość podejmowania
wskazanej tematyki w dyskursie medialnym oraz wymiar prawnokarny tego zagadnienia posłużyły autorce tekstu za naukową inspirację do omówienia go przez
pryzmat statystyk policyjnych udostępnionych przez Komendę Główną Policji,
które stanowią jedno z podstawowych
źródeł wiadomości na temat przestępczości ujawnionej (obok statystyk sądowych
i penitencjarnych). Informacje o zdarzeniu, które spełnia kryteria uprowadzenia lub zatrzymania małoletniego bądź
osoby nieporadnej, w pierwszej kolejności
zgłaszane są policji i dlatego wiadomości
kompletowane przez tę formację stanowią
wyjątkowo bogate źródło informacji o postępowaniach przygotowawczych, przestępstwach oraz podejrzanych o popełnienie czynu zabronionego. W niniejszym
artykule skupiono się na statystykach policyjnych dotyczących porwań małoletnich
albo osób nieporadnych oraz związanych
z tym zdarzeniem wszczętych postępowań
przygotowawczych, jak również stwierdzonych przestępstw. Co istotne, pojęcia
„postępowania wszczęte” i „przestępstwa
stwierdzone” stanowią tym samym jednostki obliczeniowe, którymi operuje się
na gruncie statystyk policyjnych dotyczących występku uprowadzenia lub zatrzymania osoby małoletniej poniżej 15. roku
życia albo osoby nieporadnej.
PRZYGOTOWANIE DYŻURNYCH POLICJI
DO PRZYJMOWANIA ZGŁOSZEŃ ALARMOWYCH
O ZAGROŻENIU ŻYCIA LUB ZDROWIA
Authors: Płaczek Adam
Published: January 2020

W 2002 r. wprowadzony
został przez Parlament Europejski jednolity numer alarmowy 112. Od tego
czasu, pomimo jego prawidłowego funkcjonowania, wiele zgłoszeń o sytuacji
zagrożenia życia lub zdrowia ludzkiego
(nagłe zachorowanie, wypadek) zamiast
pod numer alarmowy 112 trafi a na numer alarmowy Policji — 997. W takiej
sytuacji ofi cer dyżurny poza przyjęciem
zgłoszenia i przekazaniem go do dyspozytora medycznego musi posiadać wysokie kompetencje do niesienia pomocy
telefonicznie osobom jej potrzebującym.
Funkcjonariusze pełniący służbę na
stanowisku dyżurnego jednostki organizacyjnej Policji to osoby, które odbyły
specjalistyczny dwudziestotrzydniowy
kurs, w trakcie którego nabyły niezbędne kwalifi kacje do przyjmowania
zgłoszeń na numer alarmowy. Czy zatem posiadają pożądane kompetencje
do przyjmowania zgłoszeń o zagrożeniu
życia lub zdrowia, czy może powinni
odbyć dodatkowe szkolenie, podobnie
jak dyspozytorzy medyczni w Centrum
Powiadamiania Ratunkowego. Na podstawie analizy zgromadzonej
dokumentacji, autor artykułu wskazuje na fakt, iż policjanci służby dyżurnej
wielokrotnie wykazywali, że posiadają
wysokie kompetencje w zakresie telefonicznej pomocy osobom znajdującym się
w sytuacji zagrożenia życia lub zdrowia.
KARTA PŁATNICZA JAKO PRZEDMIOT PRZESTĘPSTWA
Authors: Kołdys Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Artykuł porusza stale aktualną problematykę związaną
z kartami płatniczymi jako przedmiotem przestępstwa. Autorka na wstępie
defi niuje, czym jest karta płatnicza
według kryterium cywilnoprawnego,
funkcjonalnego oraz karnego, a także wskazuje na niespójność regulacji
prawnych w tym względzie. W dalszej
części autorka przedstawia i opisuje
przestępstwa związane z wykorzystaniem kart płatniczych, tj.: posługiwanie się kartami skradzionymi, zagubionymi lub przechwyconymi, wyłudzenie
kart płatniczych na podstawie wniosku zawierającego nieprawdziwe dane,
fałszowanie kart płatniczych, kopiowanie kart płatniczych na rachunkach
obciążeniowych, wykorzystanie danych identyfi kacyjnych cudzej karty,
dokonywanie transakcji kartami zgłoszonymi jako utracone oraz tzw. skimming, a następnie dokonuje odpowiedniej ich kwalifi kacji prawnej na gruncie polskiego kodeksu karnego.