bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptions and Misconceptions: What Do School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Think About Dyslexia?
Authors: Krimm Hannah , McDaniel Jena , Schuele C. Melanie
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') conceptions and misconceptions about dyslexia.

Method:

Participants were 86 school-based SLPs. They completed an online survey on which they rated their agreement and disagreement with true and false statements related to the scientific evidence about the nature of dyslexia and interventions for dyslexia, as well as common misconceptions about dyslexia.

Results:

There was considerable variability among SLPs' agreement and disagreement with the statements. Critically, despite abundant contrary evidence in the literature, many SLPs believe that dyslexia involves a visual processing deficit.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that many school-based SLPs hold misconceptions about dyslexia, especially those related to dyslexia being a visual disorder. The identified misconceptions may contribute to some SLPs' reluctance to incorporate reading and prereading skills into speech-language assessment and intervention. SLPs need greater knowledge of dyslexia to provide more effective evaluations and intervention services.
Transferable driver facial expression recognition based on joint discriminative correlation alignment network with enhanced feature attention
Authors: Chen Xiaobo , Du Jian , Deng Fuwen , Zhao Feng
Published: September 2023

Facial expression is closely related to the emotions of drivers, thus facilitating safe driving detection in advanced driving assistance system (ADAS). Recently, deep learning techniques have become prevalent for facial expression recognition. However, for driving scenarios, the facial expression recognition is mainly challenged by the problems of small sample size as well as effective feature representation. To address the above issues, this paper puts forward a transfer learning‐based method for driver facial expression recognition by fully exploiting the other sources of facial expression data that may obey different distributions. Specifically, an enhanced feature attention module is firstly devised such that affluent features with multi‐scales can be extracted and refined based on the spatial and channel attention mechanisms. Then, a joint correlation alignment loss is presented ensuring that the samples in the source and target domains are transformed into the shared common subspace to reduce difference of both the marginal and conditional distributions. Multiple transfer learning tasks on real‐world data are carried out to evaluate the proposed method. The experimental results show that our model achieves better recognition accuracy for driver facial expression compared with several traditional and deep learning‐based transfer learning algorithms.
Determining the algoflora of Dengizkol Lake and breeding promising species in laboratory conditions
Authors: Shodmonov Feruzjon , Ruzibaeva Dilbar , Allamuratova Gauhar , Abdurayimov Tulqin , Abdurasulov Shukhrat
Published: September 2023

This article found that 123 species and species of microscopic algae, belonging to 4 divisions, 9 classes, 19 orders, 25 families, 32 genera, are distributed in the algal flora of the Dengizkol reservoir. When analyzing microscopic algae of the Dengizkol natural reservoir in contour sections, it was found that the number of species is high in areas where water flows into the lake, and the number of species is low in areas remote from the inflow of water. In particular, 114 species of phytoplankton were found in the 1st circuit of the Dengizkol collector, 100 species in the 2nd contour of the reservoir of the Republic of Turkmenistan, 89 of them in the 3rd circuit of the ABMK-2 outlet canal. Chlorella vulgaris Beijer on 04” nutrient medium cells up to 45.1 million/ml, Scenedesmus obliquus (Turp.) Kütz. on the basis of experiments it was proved that the number of cells increased to 46.4 million/ml.
Biotechnologic farming: an innovative approach to sustainable agriculture
Authors: Djumaniyazova Gulnara , Narbaeva Khurshida , Alikhanov Boriy , Rakhimov Sanjar , Yuldashev Farhad
Published: September 2023

The symbiotic relationship between agriculture and the environment has undergone a profound shift with the advent of extensive chemicalization. While this approach initially bolstered yields, it simultaneously disrupted the delicate equilibrium of nature. The repercussions have been felt across the spectrum, from weakened natural defenses in plants and animals to human health concerns. The efficacy of traditional agricultural techniques has dwindled in the face of these mounting challenges. The urgency of the situation calls for an exploration of innovative farming methods that can reconcile productivity with ecological integrity. This article presents a foray into a novel biotechnological approach to farming, a transformative endeavor that champions environmental friendliness, resource conservation, costeffectiveness, and innovation. The crux of this endeavor is the cultivation of agricultural crops on soil marred by salinity and heavy metal degradation a locale perilously poised on the brink of desertification in the arid expanse of Uzbekistan. This research encapsulates an intensive investigation, delving into the intricate mechanics of this newfangled bio-agrotechnology. Through painstaking experimentation and strategic implementation, the innovative methodology triumphs over the adversities posed by challenging soil conditions. The results are not only heartening but transformative. The application of this bio-agrotechnology rejuvenates saline soils, heralding a resurgence in fertility that ripples across the ecosystem. This reinvigoration is evidenced in elevated crop yields and heightened product quality, illustrating the synergistic harmony between nature and innovation.
Efficiency of growing jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) varieties that imported from China
Authors: Qing Hao , Shaumarov Xikmat , Hamroyev Husen , Ochilov Musirmon
Published: September 2023

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill) holds a prominent position within the spectrum of tree species in Uzbekistan, primarily due to its noteworthy nutritional and medicinal attributes. With approximately 400 distinct varieties having been developed in China, the task of introducing those best suited to our local conditions is of utmost importance. This article is dedicated to the presentation of outcomes arising from the cultivation of seedlings belonging to ten imported varieties from China, facilitated through the technique of clef grafting. In the grafting process, it is recommended to employ rootstocks and scions featuring an average diameter of no less than 20.0 mm, while the discrepancy between them should not exceed 0.9 mm. Following this approach, a notable increase in grafting efficiency up to 68.8% can be achieved, concurrently contributing to the attainment of seedlings with an elevated stature, reaching up to 143.5 cm. The findings underscore the significance of meticulous grafting methodology in optimizing the success rate of introducing diverse jujube varieties. This contributes to the enrichment of the horticultural landscape, fostering the cultivation of jujube specimens that can flourish effectively in the unique Uzbekistani conditions.
Morpho-biological features of growth and development of golden currant in Tashkent province, Uzbekistan
Authors: Zhanakova Durdona , Uzakbergenov Ulugbek
Published: September 2023

This scientific article presents the results of a study on the growth and development of varieties of golden currant in order to identify the most promising for cultivation in the conditions of the Tashkent region. Studies have established that, according to the development of shoots in the above-ground part, the varieties Uzbekistanskaya large-fruited and Elixir differ in vigorous growth, in which the height of the bushes by the end of the second year of vegetation reached 109.7-112.5, and in other varieties this figure was in the range of 88.2-97.5 cm. Of the tested varieties of golden currant, the earliest onset of the flowering phase was observed in the Venera variety March 23, in the rest a little later. The variety of golden currant Rukhshona had the latest start of flowering, in which this phase occurred on March 26, that is, four days later. In the Uzbekistan large-fruited variety, the completion of the flowering phase occurred five days later than in the Uzbek sweet variety. Of the varieties of golden currant, the phase of complete set of berries was observed most intensively within 30 days in the variety Venera. In the Elixir variety, the full set of berries ended two days later, and in the rest within 34-36 days.
State of the management mechanism of fruit and vegetable cluster in Uzbekistan
Authors: Beglaev Uchkun , Khalikov Suyun , Rozikov Jahangir , Turdibaev Alisher
Published: September 2023

This article provides a comprehensive overview of scientific research and information concerning the development of fruit and vegetable clusters. It delves into the evolution of management structures within these clusters, considering their implications on the country’s economic situation. The research also explores the overall development of the national economy and the efforts made to create a stable economic system. The cited scientific research works shed light on the dynamic growth and evolution of fruit and vegetable clusters, highlighting their importance in the economic landscape. These clusters play a crucial role in the production, processing, and distribution of fruits and vegetables, contributing significantly to the country’s agricultural and economic sectors. Moreover, the article discusses how the establishment and proper management of these clusters can enhance economic growth, create job opportunities, and stimulate rural development. The research cited in the article underscores the significance of effective management structures in optimizing the performance of these clusters and maximizing their economic potential. Additionally, the article touches on the broader context of the country’s economic situation and the efforts undertaken to create a stable and sustainable economic system. The development of fruit and vegetable clusters is viewed as an integral part of this economic strategy, as it fosters a diversified and robust agricultural sector, ultimately contributing to the country’s overall economic stability and prosperity.
Effectiveness of using herbicides against Cuscuta in soy field
Authors: Norkulov Usman , Ahmurzayev Shavkat , Nasirov Bakhtiyar , Eshonkulov Jamoliddin , Kamalova Nodira
Published: September 2023

This research delves into the repercussions of employing pilot and zeta herbicides at varying application rates to counteract the growth of common sorghum within soybean fields. The investigation is conducted within the specific environmental context of irrigated typical gray soils prevalent in the Tashkent region. The central focus of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted impacts these herbicides exert on the growth trajectory, developmental milestones, and eventual yield of soybean plants. By assessing the influence of pilot and zeta herbicides across different dosage levels, this study contributes to elucidating the potential benefits or challenges that arise from their application in this agricultural setting. Furthermore, this research endeavors to provide critical insights into the economic efficiency of employing these herbicides, thereby offering a holistic perspective on the viability of incorporating such chemical interventions within soybean cultivation practices in the Tashkent region. The implications of this study extend beyond agronomic parameters, delving into the intricate interplay between herbicide application, crop growth, and economic considerations. The findings are poised to offer valuable guidance to farmers, researchers, and policymakers who are vested in optimizing agricultural practices while considering both the ecological and economic dimensions. Ultimately, this investigation strives to enrich the body of knowledge concerning herbicidal interventions and their potential repercussions in the realm of soybean cultivation within distinct agro-ecological contexts.
Effect of growth regulators on cucumber seed fertility
Authors: Yunusov Salohiddinjon , Bolikulov Farkhod , Makhmanazarov Zhasur , Yakhshiboev Dilshod
Published: September 2023

This scientific article places its emphasis on investigating the impact of biostimulants and growth-enhancing preparations on the germination of cucumber seeds in the context of intensive cucumber seedling cultivation. Our study encompasses a series of experimental and practical trials meticulously designed to elucidate the effects of various growth substances on the rapid and robust germination of cucumber seeds. Throughout the course of our experiment, we conducted comprehensive assessments of the process of treating cucumber seeds with a diverse array of growth stimulants. Our goal was to unveil the precise mechanisms through which these stimulants influence and expedite the germination process. By harnessing innovative technologies and implementing the most cutting-edge methodologies available, our research seeks to delve into the intricate dynamics of cucumber seedling cultivation under intensified conditions. One of the pivotal objectives of our study was to develop a strategic framework that enables the consistent production of high-quality cucumber seedlings. This endeavor involves the integration of advanced techniques and methodologies, aligned with the overarching aim of bolstering germination rates and cultivating robust cucumber seedlings. In essence, this research endeavor amalgamates experimentation, practical application, and the utilization of modern advancements to decipher the intricate interplay between biostimulants, growth preparations, and the germination process of cucumber seeds. By providing insights into these crucial facets, our study contributes to the refinement of intensive cucumber seedling cultivation practices, ultimately enhancing agricultural productivity and the quality of cucumber yields.
Creation of primary resources for creation of early, high-yield varieties of sesame for the northern regions of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kalandarov Ruslan , Amanova Makhfurat
Published: September 2023

This article addresses a crucial concern regarding the limited availability of raw materials and the underutilization of alternative oilbearing plants, which hampers the establishment of a robust and competitive environment. This issue has significant implications for broadening the production spectrum of diverse oil products and fostering a sustainable, accessible supply of high-quality vegetable oils for the population. To address this imperative need for a comprehensive and affordable range of vegetable oils, the creation of novel oilseed varieties assumes paramount importance. Such varieties must possess a constellation of traits, including high oil content, remarkable yield potential, resilience against various environmental stressors, suitability for export markets, and the capability to sustainably support primary and variety seed production. The focal objective of this research initiative revolves around assembling a diverse collection of genetic resources from across the globe. Specifically, the study seeks to gather 170 world collections of sesame varieties, alongside 122 locally adapted Tashkentsky varieties that have been regionalized within Uzbekistan. By consolidating this vast array of genetic material, the research endeavors to unlock new avenues for enhancing oilseed crop productivity, bolstering quality parameters, and establishing a foundation for progressive agricultural practices. This strategic endeavor embodies a critical step towards transforming the landscape of oilseed cultivation and production in Uzbekistan, ultimately paving the way for an augmented supply of healthful vegetable oils, economic vitality, and food security for the nation’s populace.
Impact of services provided in Uzbekistan on the added value of dekhkan farms
Authors: Azizov Shokhsuvor
Published: September 2023

This scientific article focuses on agricultural development, with special consideration given to the specialization of crop types for farmers, dekhkan farms, and landowners. The research emphasizes the significance of providing plant protection products and mineral fertilizers to enhance crop productivity and quality. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of expanding zoo-veterinary centers and artificial insemination centers for cattle, aiming to improve animal health and breeding practices. In the pursuit of agricultural advancement, it is crucial to cater to the specific needs of different agricultural entities, including individual farmers, dekhkan farms (small agricultural cooperatives), and landowners. By tailoring crop specialization to suit their respective capacities and preferences, the study aims to optimize agricultural output and foster sustainable growth. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the crucial role of plant protection products and mineral fertilizers in ensuring healthy and high-yielding crops. By promoting the use of appropriate agrochemicals and fertilizers, the study aims to enhance agricultural efficiency and contribute to food security. In addition to crop-related measures, the article underscores the need to strengthen livestock farming. Expanding zoo-veterinary centers can bolster animal health and welfare, while artificial insemination centers for cattle can lead to improved breeding outcomes and the development of superior livestock breeds. By combining these efforts, the research aims to enrich the range and quality of services offered to agricultural stakeholders. Through these interventions, the study seeks to foster agricultural progress, enhance agricultural productivity, and contribute to the overall economic development of the agricultural sector.
Increasing the toxic effects of fluorine compounds of winter wheat plant with the help of bacteria
Authors: Boynazarov Bakhron , Djumaniyazova Gulnora , Berdiyev Tolib , Islamov Avaz , Abdullayev Foziljon
Published: September 2023

Wheat stands as a prominent cereal crop, holding significant importance in both food and production realms. In the cultivation of winter wheat within soil environments tainted with fluorine compounds, the application of mineral and biological fertilizers becomes imperative. This amalgamation of beneficial bacteria, coupled with growth-stimulating properties, plays a pivotal role in averting the uptake of toxic substances by plants. The article delves into experimental findings that shed light on the efficacy of TERIA-S bacterial fertilizer in diminishing the fluorine content across various components of wheat plants. These components encompass roots, leaves, stems, and grains. The research focuses on wheat cultivated in soil regions afflicted by fluoride contamination within the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. Through systematic experimentation, the study highlights the capacity of TERIA-S bacterial fertilizer to mitigate the presence of fluorine in wheat plants grown within fluoride-laden soil conditions. This outcome bears significant implications for improving the quality and safety of wheat crops in regions plagued by fluorine contamination. By elucidating the potential of microbial interventions in addressing this ecological challenge, the research contributes to the arsenal of strategies aimed at safeguarding agricultural productivity and human health.
Diagnostic signs of aboveground and underground organs of Ferula Tenuisecta Korov. in natural conditions
Authors: Duschanova Guljan , Shakhmurova Gulnara , Ravshanova Mukhabbat , Maimataeva Asiya
Published: September 2023

This study presents a pioneering investigation into the anatomical composition of both above-ground and underground organs, including leaves, petioles, peduncles, pedicels, and roots of Ferula tenuisecta, within their natural ecological habitats. Notably, this research delves into the schizogenic type of tissue development found in the peduncle and root, elucidating its intricate connection to the robustness of the organ, which, in turn, aligns with the plant’s distinct life form. The data gleaned from this study highlights distinctive and species-specific structural diagnostic attributes inherent in the above-ground and underground components of Ferula tenuisecta. These attributes carry significant potential for utilization in botanical systematics and the accurate identification of plant specimens within this species. Moreover, these findings have implications beyond taxonomy, as the revealed structural traits serve as valuable tools for detecting and assessing the presence of biologically active compounds within different organs and tissues. By shedding light on the intricate anatomical architecture of Ferula tenuisecta’s various organs, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the plant’s ecological adaptations and offers practical avenues for its systematic characterization and potential applications in the realm of biologically active substances research.
Diseases of melon in the central areas of Uzbekistan
Authors: Otajonov Anvarjon , Bukhorov Komil
Published: September 2023

This article offers comprehensive insights into the diseases that afflict melon crops, elucidating the factors that trigger these ailments, and proposing strategies to effectively combat them. The research entails a combination of open-field experiments and controlled small-scale trials conducted in lysimeters across diverse regions including Tashkent, Syrdarya, Jizzakh, and central areas of Uzbekistan. The outcomes of the study reveal the isolation of four distinct disease-causing fungi across a total of five melon varieties. In laboratory settings, the research delves into the efficacy of seed-repellent fungicides through Petri dish experiments, discerning highly efficient formulations. The selected fungicides exhibit promising potential in mitigating pathogenic effects. To validate these findings in practical settings, the selected fungicides were applied to seeds and tested through field cultivation. This multifaceted approach demonstrates a commitment to addressing melon diseases at both theoretical and practical levels. The article’s value is further augmented by visual aids, including an image and a table, which succinctly illustrate the findings derived from the research. By integrating theoretical insights, experimental validation, and visual representations, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of melon disease management. The presented strategies and findings are poised to contribute significantly to enhancing the resilience and productivity of melon crops in the studied regions.
Effects of sophoroflavonoside and narcissin flavonoids on mitochondrial dysfunction and antioxidant enzyme activity in rat liver poisoned with galoxyfop-r-methyl pesticide
Authors: Parpieva Mashxura , Mirkhamidova Parida , Pozilov Mamurjon , Alimova Rano
Published: September 2023

This study delves into the accumulation of residues in the liver tissue of rats exposed to the galoxyfop-R-methyl pesticide. The investigation also evaluates the presence of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation (LPO) product, in the liver mitochondrial membrane, along with the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GP). The study further explores the impact of sophoraflavonoloside (SFL) and narcissin flavonoids on enzyme activity over a dynamic span of 10 to 40 days. In the experimental design, rats in the study group were subjected to galoxyfop-R-methyl pesticide at a dosage equivalent to LD50/10 through a specialized probe. Subsequently, the concentration of the pesticide residues in liver tissue was measured on the 5th, 10th, 20th, 30th, and 40th days post-pesticide exposure. The research also probes into the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver mitochondrial membrane, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes, within the context of SFL. This meticulous examination aids in comprehending the dynamics of enzyme responses and oxidative stress modulation in the liver of rats subjected to galoxyfop-R-methyl pesticide. By investigating the intricate interactions between pesticide exposure, enzyme activity, and antioxidant mechanisms, this study contributes to the broader understanding of the potential effects and counteractive measures concerning pesticide-related challenges in biological systems.
Identification of nematodes of the genus Teladorsagia parasites of ruminants with the help of species-specific markers based on ITS2 rDNA
Authors: Ibrokhimov Anvarbek , Kuchboev Abdurakhim , Amirov Oybek , Kahorov Boltaboy , Ayubov Mirzakamol
Published: September 2023

The present study delves into a methodological framework aimed at establishing species-specific markers via the utilization of sequences derived from the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. This method, in conjunction with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, serves as a diagnostic tool for discerning species belonging to the genus Teladorsagia Andreeva et Satubaldin, 1954. These species, constituents of the subfamily Ostertagiinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae), exhibit wide distribution within the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants across the geographic expanse of Uzbekistan. The heart of this endeavor is the development of species-specific primers, a pioneering creation in its own right. These primers are crafted using sequences emanating from the ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA, an innovative approach that facilitates the precise identification of morphospecies within the Teladorsagia genus. Notably, the primers exhibit a nucleotide length of 153 base pairs, an attribute instrumental in their capacity to accurately distinguish and diagnose eggs and larvae of three distinct morphspecies: T. circumcincta, T. trifurcata, and T. davtiani. The potential implications of this method are significant, with ramifications reverberating across the field of veterinary diagnostics. Through the application of these primers, practitioners and researchers alike can effectively ascertain the presence of specific Teladorsagia morphospecies in ruminant animals. This holds the promise of not only enhancing diagnostic precision but also contributing to the broader comprehension of the prevalence and distribution of these nematode species within the local ruminant populations.
Effect ofblack soldier fly (Hermetia Illucens)larvae bioconversion duration in processing household organic waste and market waste in Jakarta on the efficiency of the bioconversion process
Authors: Surya Ningsih Sri , Mulyo Hartono Djoko , Viandila Dahlan Astryd
Published: September 2023

The organic waste issue in Jakarta must be immediately addressed because it can harm the environment. Jakarta produces organic waste reaching 45.43% of the total waste generation with organic waste reduction of effectiveness only 4,981 tonnes/year (+1%). One solution to process organic waste is to use black soldier fly (BSF) larvae as decomposers of organic matter. The research examined the effect of bioconversion time/duration for household and market waste in Jakarta on bioconversion efficiency. The research was carried out by opening biopon samples each containing 2 kg of organic waste which were given 11.2 g of BSF 7DOL (day of life) larvae, varied with the duration of bioconversion, including 7, 12, 14, 17 and 21 days. The results demonstrated that the optimal time for the bioconversion process for household foodwaste and market waste was 12-14 days. It was based on the value of the bioconversion process efficiency indicator, which achieved the highest score for theEfficiency of Conversion of Digestedfeed(ECD) value on the 12thday and theoverall reduction(D) indicator on the 14thday. The low RGR and WRI values on the 17thand 21stdays also implied that the bioconversion process was not optimal
Influence of carbofuran on the concentration of primary soil macronutrients in potato growing areas in the Peruvian highlands
Authors: Alhua Lozano Brandon , Painado Garcia Britsia , Vilcapoma Fonseca Violeta , Cornejo Tueros Jose
Published: September 2023

Potatoes have a high production demand in the world, but they are constantly under threat from germination to harvest due to pest infestation; for control, insecticides are used, which are highly polluting chemicals, systemic insecticides of the carbamate group due to their mode of action, with contact activity against different pests. This research sought to evaluate the influence of carbofuran on soil macronutrients in the District of Chongos Bajo, in the highlands of Peru. Through the experimental study method, with a quantitative research approach in a deductive process. We worked with a representative area of 10 m2 with 6 analyses of soil samples every 15 days in a period of 3 months. The results showed a loss value of 7.85% of total nitrogen, 14.05% of available phosphorus and 10% of available potassium in the period of 90 days, where there was a variation in the pH in water with a tendency of acidity, and a decrease in organic matter with a loss value of 6.93%. It was possible to demonstrate that the toxicity of the insecticide carbofuran had an influence on the decrease in the concentration of the main macronutrients and on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
Land-based physical and biological environmental mitigation measures of a mega port construction in Thailand
Authors: Saengsupavanich Cherdvong , Chitsom Lanlila , Sanitwong-Na-Ayutthaya Sarinya , Iamraksa Phansak , Wangtong Salisa , Suknoi Kanjana , Yamongkol Thanchanok , Tiamsawat Yanticha , Ketin Weerapat , Krutta Kamonchanok
Published: September 2023

It is undeniable that a mega port is important to the nation’s economy and its population. On the other hand, a port construction creates numerous environmental impacts. To achieve sustainable development, environmental mitigation measures need to be strictly followed. Since a mega port is constructed once in many decades, a case study during the port construction, like this article, is very rare. Our article presents how Thailand protects its surrounding environment during the construction of Laem Chabang Port (the biggest container port in the country), phase 3. The phase3 reclamation construction started in May 2021 and is expected to be completed in 2025. However, only land-based physical and biological environmental mitigation measures are presented because of the page limit. The land-based environmental impacts are mostly related to truck driving, truck exhaust, road maintenance and cleanliness, noise, dust, and vibration. This article shows that the joint-venture contractor of the reclamation project realizes the necessity of caring for society and the environment.
Monitoring and PH Analysis of Tailings from the Effluents of the Cerro De Pasco Mining Company in the Years 2017-2021
Authors: Crisostomo Leandro , Borja Frank , Aduviri Fiorela , Camargo Steve
Published: September 2023

Currently, mining operations in Peru, such as in the province of Pasco, require water consumption for metallurgical mining processes, supply for personnel, among other operations. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the mining company located in Cerro de Pasco has reduced its pH values over the years and whether they are within the Maximum Permissible Limits established by Peru. The impacts of mining activities cause damage to water bodies and the health of the population, so water monitoring is carried out at certain discharge points called cell1, cell2 and cell3, where pH measurements were taken. The results of the monitoring, with respect to the tailings from the mine, are acidic pH values containing suspended solids as well as high concentrations of sulphates and metals. The contributions of the study, which is carried out in the city of Cerro de Pasco located at 4338 m.a.s.l., show practical results as they are used for a diagnosis and analysis for the years 2017-2021 with respect to the mine tailings.
Ecological safety of water resources in Khujand (Tajikistan) area, in the development context of agricultural activities
Authors: Viventsova E.A.
Published: September 2023

The research deals with investigation of relation between agricultural activity and ground water, surface water composition and quantity. The area of investigation is under huge increases in water consumption and active development of agricultural and economic activities. On the one hand, the agricultural complex uses groundwater and thereby reducing the level of groundwater, on the other hand, the irrigation system causes the development of a desalination zone to the depths of groundwater. Anyway, the influence into the groundwater is obvious. In the article has analyzed the relationship of surface and groundwater, hydraulically connected. It was studied the expansion of irrigation area contributes to the irrigation water flow strengthening into the rivers, also to the groundwater flow.
Sign Patterns of Orders up to 4 that Allow Diagonalizability
Authors: FENG Xinlei
Published: September 2023

Finding the necessary and sufficient conditions for a sign pattern to allow diagonalizability is an open problem. In this paper, we identify sign patterns of up to four orders that allow diagonalizability.
EPT: Data Augmentation with Embedded Prompt Tuning for Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition
Authors: YU Hongfei , NI Kunyu , XU Rongkang , YU Wenjun , HUANG Yu
Published: September 2023

Data augmentation methods are often used to address data scarcity in natural language processing (NLP). However, token-label misalignment, which refers to situations where tokens are matched with incorrect entity labels in the augmented sentences, hinders the data augmentation methods from achieving high scores in token-level tasks like named entity recognition (NER). In this paper, we propose embedded prompt tuning (EPT) as a novel data augmentation approach to low-resource NER. To address the problem of token-label misalignment, we implicitly embed NER labels as prompt into the hidden layer of pre-trained language model, and therefore entity tokens masked can be predicted by the finetuned EPT. Hence, EPT can generate high-quality and high-diverse data with various entities, which improves performance of NER. As datasets of cross-domain NER are available, we also explore NER domain adaption with EPT. The experimental results show that EPT achieves substantial improvement over the baseline methods on low-resource NER tasks.
Die aktuellen Sicherheitswarnungen zu JAK-Inhibitoren
Authors: Fiehn Christoph
Published: September 2023

Januskinase-Inhibitoren (JAKi) sind wirksame und den biologischen (b)DMARD in ihrer Wirkstärke teilweise überlegene Substanzen zur Behandlung der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA). Derzeit sind 4 Substanzen in Deutschland zur Behandlung der RA zugelassen: Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, Upadacitinib und Filgotinib. Die prospektive, kontrollierte Sicherheitsstudie ORAL-SURVEILLANCE, in der Tofacitinib mit TNF-alpha-Inhibitoren verglichen wurde, hat nun Ergebnisse erbracht, welche darauf hinweisen, dass unter der Therapie mit dem JAKi ein erhöhtes Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse, Thomboembolien und auch bestimmte Malignome, insbesondere Bronchial-Karzinome, bestehen könnte. Betroffen sind davon aber nur Patient*innen > 65 Jahre, aktuelle und ehemalige Raucher*innen sowie im Falle der kardiovaskulären Ereignisse Patient*innen mit einem solchen Ereignis in der Vorgeschichte. Auf der Basis dieser Studie hat der Ausschuss für Humanarzneimittel (CHMP) der Europäischen Arzneimittel-Agentur (EMA) aktuelle Empfehlungen zur Verordnung von JAKi formuliert, um das Risiko von schwerwiegenden unerwünschten Arzneimittelwirkungen zu minimieren. Diese gelten nicht nur für Tofacitinib, sondern für alle oben genannten JAKi, da ein Klasseneffekt vermutet wurde. Die Daten sowie deren Konsequenzen werden in der hier vorliegenden Arbeit diskutiert und bewertet.
Therapie in den Vorstufen der rheumatoiden Arthritis
Authors: Schulz Nils , Lange Uwe , Klemm Philipp
Published: September 2023

Durch moderne Therapien und Therapiealgorithmen konnten in der letzten Dekade die Therapieergebnisse in der Behandlung der rheumatoiden Arthritis maßgeblich verbessert werden. Dennoch führt die Erkrankung zu individuellen chronisch-progredienten Einschränkungen und somit auch zu einer sozioökonomischen Belastung. Ein neuer Therapieansatz verspricht hier eine Lösung. Durch Behandlung in Vorstufen der rheumatoiden Arthritis soll die Erkrankung langfristig aufgehalten bis verhindert werden. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst aktuelle Erkenntnisse und Studien zusammen und gibt einen Überblick über die medikamentöse Therapie in den Vorstufen der rheumatoiden Arthritis.
Familienplanung und Schwangerschaft bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Authors: Glaser Cornelia
Published: September 2023

Ungewollte Kinderlosigkeit oder eine längere Zeitspanne bis zum Eintritt einer Schwangerschaft ist bei Paaren, bei denen einer der beiden an einer rheumatoiden Arthritis leidet, häufiger als in der Allgemeinbevölkerung, insbesondere wenn die Frau betroffen ist. Mit reproduktionsmedizinischen Maßnahmen kann der Kinderwunsch in vielen Fällen doch noch erfüllt werden. Ist die Arthritis in der Schwangerschaft entzündlich aktiv, treten erhöhte Raten an Frühgeburten, Schwangerschaftshypertonie, Geburtskomplikationen und kindlichen Wachstumsstörungen im Mutterleib auf. Anzustreben ist daher bereits vor der Schwangerschaft eine gute medikamentöse Krankheitskontrolle der Arthritis. Mit Hydroxychloroquin, Sulfasalazin + Folsäure, TNF-Blockern und Prednison stehen Medikamente zur Verfügung, die den Schwangerschaftsverlauf sicherer gestalten können und nicht zu Missbildungen führen. Es liegen für ihren Einsatz in der Schwangerschaft detaillierte internationale Empfehlungen vor. Auch in der Stillzeit können diese Medikamente fortgesetzt werden, ohne den Säugling zu gefährden.
Empfehlungen für ein körperliches Training zur
Sturzprävention bei älteren, selbständig lebenden
Menschen
Authors: Schoene Daniel , Gross Michaela , von Stengel Simon , Kohl Matthias , Kladny Bernd , Gosch Markus , Sieber Cornel C , Peters Stefan , Kiesswetter Eva , Becker Clemens , Kemmler Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Stürze sind der wichtigste Risikofaktor für Frakturen im Alter.
Epidemiologische Studien haben viele Risikofaktoren für Stürze
identifiziert, die durch strukturiertes körperliches Training
beeinflussbar sind. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Evidenz zu Inhalten, Methoden
und Belastungsdosierung eines körperlichen Trainings zur Vermeidung von
Stürzen und zur Reduktion des Sturzimpaktes.

Die Ergebnisse zeigen hohe Evidenz, dass verglichen mit inaktiven
Kontrollgruppen, multimodale Programme, Gleichgewichts-&
Funktionstraining und Tai Chi wirksam sind, Stürze zu vermeiden.
Insbesondere die Rolle anspruchsvollen Gleichgewichtstrainings kommt hier zum
Tragen. Neuere Inhalte/Methodenvariationen sind auch wirksam. Hierzu
zählen Stepping und Perturbationstraining. Letzteres scheint auch in
kürzeren Zeiträumen beachtliche Effekte zu erzielen.
Während einige Programme supervidiert werden müssen, existieren
auch wirksame individuelle Heimtrainings. Mit Ausnahme von
Perturbationstraining, sollten Programme 3mal/Woche über mind. 3
Monate durchgeführt werden. Ein ggf. periodisiertes, dauerhaftes
Training gewährleistet langanhaltende Effekte. Für isoliertes
Kraft-, Ausdauer- oder Beweglichkeitstraining, Training im Wasser, Tanzen und
interaktive kognitiv-motorische Interventionen liegt keine hinreichende Evidenz
vor, um sie als wirksame Trainings in der Sturzprävention zu empfehlen.
Jedoch sind sie größtenteils effektiv, um Risikofaktoren zu
beeinflussen oder einen Einstieg ins Training zu unterstützen.

Limitierte Evidenz existiert für die Beeinflussung des Sturzvorgangs
durch Training. Bei gesunden, älteren Menschen sind Sturz-, Abfang-,
Abrolltechniken sowie Stepping geeignet, den Impakt selbst-induzierter
Stürze zu reduzieren. Keine diesbezüglichen Daten existieren
für Verletzungen als Folge echter Stürze.
Visuelle Gangbildanalyse beim Golden Retriever – Wie lautet
Ihr Befund?
Authors: Zohmann Andreas
Published: September 2023

Vorgestellt wurde ein Golden Retriever, weiblich kastriert, 12 Jahre mit
zunehmenden Problemen des Bewegungsapparates.
Medical Handling – Pferde stressfrei untersuchen und
behandeln
Authors: Stolz Silke
Published: September 2023

Alle, die Pferde tierärztlich oder (physio)therapeutisch behandeln, sind
bei ihrer Arbeit einem beträchtlichen Verletzungsrisiko ausgesetzt. Doch
mit dem richtigen Wissen und gezielten Techniken kann die Pferdebehandlung
stress- und unfallfrei gestaltet werden. Wir liefern Ihnen dazu Tipps, Tricks
und To Dos.
Therapiestrategien bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Langerhanszell
Histiozytosen
Authors: Barnbrock Anke Elisabeth , Hutter Caroline , Bochennek Konrad , Minkov Milen , Lehrnbecher Thomas
Published: September 2023

Die derzeitige Standardtherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit neu
diagnostizierter Langerhanszell Histiozytose (LCH) beruht auf den Medikamenten
Prednison und Vinblastin. Im Falle eines schlechten Therapieansprechens bzw.
Reaktivierung hängt das weitere Vorgehen von Faktoren wie zum Beispiel
des Befalls eines Risikoorgans wie Leber, Milz oder hämatopoetisches
System ab. Der folgende Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die
wichtigsten aktuellen Daten zu Therapieoptionen in den unterschiedlichen
klinischen Situationen, die aufgrund der fehlenden Evidenz meist nicht
ausführlich in den aktualisierten Leitlinien dargestellt werden. Auch
werden neue Therapieoptionen wie Inhibitoren des MAP-Kinase Signalweges
diskutiert. Falls diese Therapiestrategien in Erwägung gezogen werden,
sollte dies mit dem zuständigen Referenzzentrum diskutiert werden. Zudem
sollten alle Kinder und Jugendliche mit LCH in laufende Register oder Studien
eingeschlossen werden.
Optimization of the Acquisition Time and Injected Dose of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Based on Patient Specifications for High-Sensitive Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Scanner
Authors: Al-Fatlawi Murtadha , Pak Farideh , Farzanefar Saeed , Salehi Yalda , Monsef Abbas , Sheikhzadeh Peyman
Published: September 2023

Background This study was aimed to optimize the fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-administered dose and scan time based on patient specifications using a highly sensitive five-ring bismuth germanium oxide (BGO)-based positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner (Discovery IQ).

Methods We retrospectively analyzed 101 whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT images. Patient data were reconstructed using ordered subset expectation maximization with resolution recovery algorithms (OSEM + SharpIR). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated for each patient, standardized to SNRnorm, and plotted against three body index parameters (weight, body mass index, and lean body mass). Two professional physicians blindly examined image quality at different patient time per bed positions to determine the minimum acceptable quality. To select images of acceptable quality, the noise index parameter was also measured. A new dose-time product (DTP) was established for each patient, and a predicted injected dose was assumed.

Results We found an almost linear association between patient weight and normalized SNR, and patient weight had the highest R2 in the fitting. The redesigned DTP can reduce results by approximately 74 and 38% compared with ordinary DTP for 80- and 160-s scan durations. The new dose regimen formula was found to be DTP = c/t × m
1.24, where m is the patient weight, t is the scan time per bed position, and c is 1.8 and 4.3 for acceptable and higher confidence states, respectively, in Discovery IQ PET/CT.

Conclusion Patient weight is the best clinical parameter for the implementation of 18F-FDG PET/CT image quality assessment. A new dose-time regimen based on body weight was proposed for use in highly sensitive five-ring BGO PET-CT scanners to significantly reduce the injection dose and scan times while maintaining sufficient image quality for diagnosis.
Aorto-Left Ventricular Tunnel—An Uncommon Entity
Authors: Mondy Vimal Chacko , Ayyappan Anoop , Valakkada Jineesh , Bhattacharya Deepanjan , Sasidharan Bijulal
Published: September 2023

The aorto-left ventricular tunnel is an extracardiac communication that has a specific morphological feature. It is important to differentiate this entity from other diagnoses because the treatment options differ significantly and better outcomes are obtained with this entity.
Maternal Blood Group Is a Possible Predictor for Developing Congenital Heart Disease in Turkish Children with Down's Syndrome
Authors: Kandur Yasar , Kocakap Derya Beyza Sayın , Alpcan Aysegul , Sanlı Cihat , Sayan Cemile Dayangan , Koyuncu Ömer Lütfi
Published: September 2023

We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the risk factors for the anomalies of Down's syndrome (DS) patients and reviewed the relation of blood groups of the patients and the mothers with these anomalies. Pediatric patients who were diagnosed with trisomy 21 between 2010 and 2022 were enrolled in this study. The medical records of the DS patients and their parents were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 48 patients applied to our clinic. 24 (50%) patients were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. 21 (43.75%) patients had hypothyroidism. The distribution of individual congenital heart defects (CHDs) was as follows: ventricular septal defect in eight (33.3%) patients, one of which also had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); atrioventricular septal defects in seven (29.1%) patients; atrial septal defects in four (16.6%) patients, one of which also had patent ducus arteriosus; and PDA in five (20.8%) patients. One (4.2%) patient had tetralogy of Fallot. The incidence of CHD in patients with maternal blood group A was significantly higher than those without CHD, with a prevalence of 63.6 and 21.1%, respectively (p = 0.020). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that maternal blood group A was a risk factor for CHDs (odds ratio = 6.563; 95% confidence interval: 1.259–34.204; p = 0.025). Although we found that the rate of advanced father age was high in hypothyroidism type, the regression analysis showed that it was not a risk factor. We found that maternal blood group A increased the likelihood of being born with CHDs in DS.
Effect of Cr substitution on the magnetocaloric properties and corrosion resistance of (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) alloys
Authors: Lee A-Young , Kang Ki Hoon , Park Sung Cheol , Kim Jong-Woo
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the effects on the magnetocaloric properties and corrosion resistance of Cr substitution for Fe in (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) alloys. The characteristics of the first-order phase transition and the crystal structure were maintained, even after Cr substitution. In particular, a discontinuous change in the lattice parameters was exhibited during the transition from the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase at the Curie temperature. Increasing the Cr content reduced the Curie temperature and isothermal entropy change. The thermal hysteresis gradually increased by increasing the Cr content. Meanwhile, the small Cr content maintained the adiabatic temperature change and improved the corrosion resistance. Therefore, the tuning of the Cr content in (Mn,Fe)2(P,Si) alloys can provide possible applications due to their notable magnetocaloric properties and improved corrosion resistance.