bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A fullerene alloy based photovoltaic blend with a glass transition temperature above 200 °C
Authors: Diaz de Zerio Mendaza Amaia , Melianas Armantas , Nugroho Ferry A. A. , Bäcke Olof , Olsson Eva , Langhammer Christoph , Inganäs Olle , Müller Christian
Published: February 2017

Solar cells based on a glass-forming ternary blend of C60, C70 and PTB7 display a high power conversion efficiency above 5% up to an annealing temperature of 180 °C. The excellent thermal stability correlates with a high glass transition temperature of 224 °C.
The origin of the enhanced photocatalytic activity of carbon nitride nanotubes: a first-principles study
Authors: Gao Qian , Hu Shuanglin , Du Yi , Hu Zhenpeng
Published: February 2017

Being wrapped into nanotubes benefits both the band gap (visible light absorption) and oxidative potential of g-C3N4.
Phosphonium plastic crystal salt alloyed with a sodium salt as a solid-state electrolyte for sodium devices: phase behaviour and electrochemical performance
Authors: Makhlooghiazad Faezeh , Howlett Patrick C. , Wang Xiaoen , Hilder Matthias , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Armand Michel , Forsyth Maria
Published: February 2017

Phase behaviour of a new class of solid state electrolyte with different concentration of Na salt is illustrated for the first time.
Iron incorporation affecting the structure and boosting catalytic activity of β-Co(OH)2: exploring the reaction mechanism of ultrathin two-dimensional carbon-free Fe3O4-decorated β-Co(OH)2nanosheets as efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Sun Fengzhan , Li Linbo , Wang Guo , Lin Yuqing
Published: February 2017

Ultrathin two-dimensional Fe3O4-decorated β-Co(OH)2nanosheets are synthesized for oxygen evolution reaction and reaction mechanism is explored by first principles calculation.
Influence of ionic conductivity of the nano-particulate coating phase on oxygen surface exchange of La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ
Authors: Saher Saim , Naqash Sahir , Boukamp Bernard A. , Hu Bobing , Xia Changrong , Bouwmeester Henny J. M.
Published: February 2017

Surface decoration with nano-particulate oxides is one of the options to improve the surface exchange kinetics of mixed ionic-electronic conducting oxides.
ApAGP-fabricated silver nanoparticles induce amendment of murine macrophage polarization
Authors: Raja Mamilla R. Charan , Vinod Kumar Vadivel , Srinivasan Varsha , Selvaraj Sharmila , Radhakrishnan Nivedha , Mukundan Roshni , Raghunandan Subhashree , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip , Kar Mahapatra Santanu
Published: February 2017

SNP-ApAGP induces M1 polarization in M0 murine macrophages, and can also repolarize M2 macrophages into the M1 phenotype.
Chitosan supraparticles with fluorescent silica nanoparticle shells and nanodiamond-loaded cores
Authors: Bollhorst T. , Jakob S. , Köser J. , Maas M. , Rezwan K.
Published: February 2017

Supraparticles with a biopolymer chitosan core and templated with (ultra)small nanoparticles are reported. Nanoparticle density on the template surface could be controlled and the template core could be loaded with nanodiamonds.
Indocyanine green-platinum porphyrins integrated conjugated polymer hybrid nanoparticles for near-infrared-triggered photothermal and two-photon photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Xiao-Hui , Peng Hong-Shang , Yang Wei , Ren Zhao-Di , Liu Xiao-Ming , Liu Yuan-An
Published: February 2017

Indocyanine green-platinum porphyrins integrated conjugated polymer hybrid nanoparticles for bimodal photothermal and two-photon photodynamic therapy with near-infrared irradiation.
High quality graphene films with a clean surface prepared by an UV/ozone assisted transfer process
Authors: Sun Hongyan , Chen Ding , Wu Yuming , Yuan Qilong , Guo Liangchao , Dai Dan , Xu Yang , Zhao Pei , Jiang Nan , Lin Cheng-Te
Published: February 2017

Graphene with a clean surface prepared via UV/ozone-assisted transfer shows double mobility at the same transparency compared to that prepared using the conventional method.
Extraordinary rate capability achieved by a 3D “skeleton/skin” carbon aerogel–polyaniline hybrid with vertically aligned pores
Authors: Liu Mingkai , Li Bomin , Zhou Hang , Chen Cong , Liu Yuqing , Liu Tianxi
Published: February 2017

A novel “skeleton/skin” CA–PANI hybrid with vertically aligned pores exhibits an excellent rate capability by maintaining 95% of its initial capacitance when the current density is increased from 1 to 100 A g−1.
Exploring the “fold-in” strategy toward the construction of a highly-strained triazasumanene skeleton
Authors: Chen Fengkun , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: February 2017

“Fold-in”-type syntheses toward the construction of tribenzotriazasumanene were attempted under oxidative and reductive conditions, which resulted in the formation of two different products.
Correction: Folding kinetics of a polymer
Authors: Vorselaars Bart , Růžička Štěpán , Quigley David , Allen Michael P.
Published: February 2017

Correction for ‘Folding kinetics of a polymer’ by Štěpán Růžička et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2012, 14, 6044–6053.
Research highlights: applications of life-cycle assessment as a tool for characterizing environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials
Authors: Gallagher Miranda J. , Allen Caley , Buchman Joseph T. , Qiu Tian A. , Clement Peter L. , Krause Miriam O. P. , Gilbertson Leanne M.
Published: February 2017

This highlight outlines recent methodologies that integrate engineered nanomaterial research and development with life-cycle assessment.
Tuning Pt and Cu sites population inside functionalized UiO-67 MOF by controlling activation conditions
Authors: Braglia L. , Borfecchia E. , Lomachenko K. A. , Bugaev A. L. , Guda A. A. , Soldatov A. V. , Bleken B. T. L. , Øien-Ødegaard S. , Olsbye U. , Lillerud K. P. , Bordiga S. , Agostini G. , Manzoli M. , Lamberti C.
Published: February 2017

The exceptional thermal and chemical stability of the UiO-66, -67 and -68 classes of isostructural MOFs [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2008, 130, 13850] makes them ideal materials for functionalization purposes aimed at introducing active centres for potential application in heterogeneous catalysis. We previously demonstrated that a small fraction (up to 10%) of the linkers in the UiO-67 MOF can be replaced by bipyridine-dicarboxylate (bpydc) moieties exhibiting metal-chelating ability and enabling the grafting of Pt(ii) and Pt(iv) ions in the MOF framework [Chem. Mater., 2015, 27, 1042] upon interaction with PtCl2 or PtCl4 precursors. Herein we extend this functionalization approach in two directions. First, we show that by controlling the activation of the UiO-67-Pt we can move from a material hosting isolated Pt(ii) sites anchored to the MOF framework with Pt(ii) exhibiting two coordination vacancies (potentially interesting for C–H bond activation) to the formation of very small Pt nanoparticles hosted inside the MOF cavities (potentially interesting for hydrogenation reactions). The second direction consists of the extension of the approach to the insertion of Cu(ii), obtained via interaction with CuCl2, and exhibiting interesting redox properties. All materials have been characterized by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Pt L3- and Cu K-edges.
MnCo2O4 spinel supported ruthenium catalyst for air-oxidation of HMF to FDCA under aqueous phase and base-free conditions
Authors: Mishra Dinesh Kumar , Lee Hye Jin , Kim Jinsung , Lee Hong-Shik , Cho Jin Ku , Suh Young-Woong , Yi Yongjin , Kim Yong Jin
Published: February 2017

A new class of MnCo2O4 spinel supported Ru catalyst, Ru/MnCo2O4, was exploited to afford the highest yield of FDCA (99.1%) from base-free air-oxidation of HMF in water.
Sizing gold nanoparticles using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Leopold K. , Brandt A. , Tarren H.
Published: February 2017

This is the first report on sizing gold nanoparticles in multimodal aqueous nanoparticle suspensions using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
Rapid bactericidal activity of an amphiphilic polyacrylate terpolymer system comprised of same-centered comonomers with 2-carbon and 6-carbon spacer arms and an uncharged repeat unit
Authors: Punia Kamia , Punia Ashish , Chatterjee Kaushiki , Mukherjee Sumit , Fata Jimmie , Banerjee Probal , Raja Krishnaswami , Yang Nan-Loh
Published: February 2017

Cationic amphiphilic polyacrylate terpolymers with rapid bactericidal activity against E. coli and S. aureus.
Zinc porphyrin/fullerene/block copolymer micelle for enhanced electron transfer ability and stability
Authors: Wang Ruolin , Qu Rui , Jing Chen , Zhai Yan , An Yingli , Shi Linqi
Published: February 2017

The complex micelle is constructed through an electrostatic self-assembly strategy as an efficient donor–acceptor system in water with electron transfer ability.
A free-standing platinum monolayer as an efficient and selective catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Mahata Arup , Garg Priyanka , Rawat Kuber Singh , Bhauriyal Preeti , Pathak Biswarup
Published: February 2017

We report a two-dimensional platinum monolayer (Pt-ML) sheet for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity using first-principles calculations.
Tunable room-temperature soft ferromagnetism in magnetoceramics of organometallic dendrimers
Authors: Abd-El-Aziz Alaa S. , Agatemor Christian , Etkin Nola , Bissessur Rabin
Published: February 2017

This article represents an introduction of new dendrimeric precursors to magnetic ceramics, and homometallic and heterometallic dendrimers with tunable magnetic properties.
o-Phenylenediacetic Acid Anhydride in the Castagnoli–Cushman Reaction: Extending the Product Space to ε-Lactams
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Bakulina Olga , Dar’in Dmitry
Published: February 2017

The diversity of lactam products accessible by the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction (CCR) of imines and dicarboxylic acid anhydrides has been extended to privileged ε-lactams. This novel variant of the CCR using o-phenylenediacetic anhydride is often high-yielding and remarkably diastereoselective and allows the use of α-C–H imines.
Prognostic Scores for Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Morillo Raquel , Moores Lisa , Jiménez David
Published: February 2017

Rapid and accurate risk stratification is critical in determining the optimal treatment strategy for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Early identification of patients with normal blood pressure and a favorable prognosis (low-risk PE) might select a subset of patients for outpatient treatment, which is associated with reduced cost and improved patient satisfaction, and has been shown to be effective and safe. Alternatively, identification of normotensive patients deemed as having a high risk for PE-related adverse clinical events (intermediate-high-risk PE) might select a subset of patients for close observation and consideration of escalation of therapy. Clinical prognostic scores have been gaining importance in the classification of patients into these categories. They should be derived and validated following strict methodological standards, and their use in clinical practice should be encouraged.
Scoring Systems for Estimating Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Surgical Patients
Authors: Jacobs Benjamin , Pannucci Christopher
Published: February 2017

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common and feared complications in surgical patients, and its prevention has been the subject of a Call to Action from the Surgeon General of the United States. Here, we review the literature on the use of risk assessment models for the stratification of surgical patients into risk groups to guide the administration of pharmacoprophylaxis. Despite some disagreement in the literature and among various guidelines, there is good evidence that risk stratification identifies a 7- to 20-fold variation in postoperative VTE risk among the overall surgical population, including patients at both low and high risk. This information is useful to providers who are making decisions about mechanical prophylaxis and pharmacoprophylaxis.
Mechanisms of Cellular Activation in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Müller-Calleja Nadine , Lackner Karl
Published: February 2017

It is long known that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) induce proinflammatory and procoagulant cellular responses. The underlying signal transduction has been a major focus of research and is the topic of this review. An amazingly heterogeneous panel of signaling pathways has been described and it turns out that at least some of this heterogeneity can be explained by effects of distinct aPL species. On the one hand, there are antibodies against β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) which appear to exert their cellular effects only as a complex of β2GPI/anti-β2GPI. Their major targets are low-density lipoprotein-receptor related protein 8 (LRP8), annexin A2 (ANXA2), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and possibly TLR2. The other relevant aPL species are antibodies against cardiolipin which are internalized into endosomes and induce cellular responses via activation of endosomal NADPH-oxidase. Their cell surface target is still unknown. Another important issue relates to the role of complement. It has been shown in vivo that certain pathogenic effects of aPL depend on complement activation, but the exact interplay with the signaling pathways described earlier needs to be elucidated. Thus, while there has been tremendous progress over the past decade, many open questions remain to be answered.
Scoring Systems for Estimating Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Medical Patients
Authors: Prandoni Paolo , Barbar Sofia
Published: February 2017

Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, accounting for up to 10% of hospitalization-related deaths in both surgical and medical patients. Pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis has been demonstrated to be effective, safe, and cost-effective in preventing hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (VTE) among medical inpatients, and clinician awareness of thrombotic risk promotes prescription of thromboprophylaxis. Guidelines recommend stratification of thrombotic risk for all patients and, unless contraindicated, administration of VTE prophylaxis. Based on several recognized predisposing and exposing risk factors for VTE, several scoring systems have been published in the past 15 years. Borrowing models developed in the surgical setting, recognized risk factors for VTE complications in medical inpatients have been combined in different weighted scores and derived and validated in heterogeneous medical populations. Although the perfect score, balancing thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk, has probably not yet been built, the adoption of an easy-to-use risk assessment model has the potential to support physicians in properly stratifying VTE risk in medical inpatients, tailoring thromboprophylaxis prescription.
Impact of Rare Bleeding Disorders during Pregnancy on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes: Review of 29 Pregnancies at a Single Center
Authors: Orgul Gokcen , Aktoz Fatih , Beksac M. Sinan
Published: February 2017

Objective This study aims to give information about the relationship between different types of factor deficiencies and maternal/obstetric outcomes.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of eight women with factor deficiency disorders. The demographic and clinical features of the patients after their last pregnancies were registered retrospectively.

Results There were 29 pregnancies among the 8 patients. The spontaneous abortion rate was relatively high in two patients with factor XIII deficiency (80% and 57.1%) compared with the other factor deficiency groups. There were 16 births, which included 1 set of twins, and 2 deaths (1 stillbirth and 1 postpartum exitus occurred in the same patient). Intrauterine growth restriction was noted in five cases; four of these occurred in factor X deficiency cases. The mean decrease in hemoglobin level of all patients after birth was 1.7 g/dL (range, 0.2–3.6 g/dL). Red blood cell transfusion was required only in one case of factor XIII deficiency.

Conclusions There is currently no consensus on the pregnancy management of women with factor deficiencies because of the limited knowledge due to the rarity of such disorders. Labor should be managed in a dedicated unit with a team consisting of an obstetrician, a hematologist, an anesthesiologist, a midwife, and a pediatrician to minimalize the complications.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Neonates with Congenital Renal and Urological Anomalies and Pulmonary Hypoplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Torres Natalie , Walker L. , Waddell Jaylyn , Bhutta Adnan , Custer Jason , Bagdure Dayanand
Published: February 2017

Objective Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract constitute up to 30% of anomalies identified in the neonatal period. In utero oligohydramnios is often associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory failure in the neonate who may not be responsive to mechanical ventilation. Placement of these neonates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains controversial and is considered in most centers to be a relative contraindication. The objective of this study is to use the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) database to describe the outcomes and complications of patients with congenital renal and urogenital anomalies with pulmonary hypoplasia who underwent ECMO in the neonatal period.

Data Sources Data from the ELSO registry were retrospectively reviewed for all patients with congenital renal and urogenital anomalies with pulmonary hypoplasia treated with ECMO support between 1990 and November 2014 using ICD-9 diagnosis codes.

Data Synthesis We identified 45 patients. The average age of the patient at the time of ECMO was 1.7 days (range: 0–14 days) and weight was 3.1 kg (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.5–3.3). Patients spent an average of 162 hours on ECMO (IQR: 81–207). The majority of patients were managed with venoarterial ECMO (60%), and the overall survival of this cohort was 42%. Survivors had higher weights (3.4 vs. 2.8 kg; p < 0.019) and were more likely to be male (90 vs. 44%; p < 0.002). Patients with obstructive urogenital lesions had an overall survival of 71 versus 16.6% in patients with a primary intrinsic renal diagnosis (p = 0.004). Renal replacement therapy was required in 51% of the patients during their ECMO support.

Conclusion Neonates with renal or urogenital disease and pulmonary hypoplasia have an overall survival rate of 42%. Patients with a diagnosis of urogenital obstruction have much more favorable outcomes when compared with those with intrinsic renal disease such as polycystic kidney disease.
Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Improves Cardiac Indices in Acromegaly Patients
Authors: Thomas Julia , Dattani Abhishek , Zemrak Filip , Burchell Thomas , Akker Scott , Kaplan Felicity , Khoo Bernard , Aylwin Simon , Grossman Ashley , Davies L. , Korbonits Márta
Published: February 2017

Blockade of the angiotensin-renin system, with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), has been shown to improve cardiac outcomes following myocardial infarction and delay progression of heart failure. Acromegaly is associated with a disease-specific cardiomyopathy, the pathogenesis of which is poorly understood.

The cardiac indices of patients with active acromegaly with no hypertension (Group A, n=4), established hypertension not taking ACEi/ARBs (Group B, n=4) and established hypertension taking ACEi/ARBs (Group C, n=4) were compared using cardiac magnetic imaging.

Patients taking ACEi/ARBs had lower end diastolic volume index (EDVi) and end systolic volume index (ESVi) than the other 2 groups ([C] 73.24 vs. [A] 97.92 vs. [B] 101.03 ml/m2, ANOVA p=0.034, B vs. C p<0.01). Groups A and B had EDVi and ESVi values at the top of published reference range values; Group C had values in the middle of the range.

Acromegaly patients on ACEi/ARBs for hypertension demonstrate improved cardiac indices compared to acromegaly patients with hypertension not taking these medications. Further studies are needed to determine if these drugs have a beneficial cardiac effect in acromegaly in the absence of demonstrable hypertension.
Thermal conductivity calculation in anisotropic crystals by molecular dynamics: Application to α−Fe2O3
Authors: Severin Jonathan , Jund Philippe
Published: February 2017

In this work, we aim to study the thermal properties of materials using classical molecular dynamics simulations and specialized numerical methods. We focus primarily on the thermal conductivity κ using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) to study the response of a crystalline solid, namely hematite (α-Fe2O3), to an imposed heat flux as is the case in real life applications. We present a methodology for the calculation of κ as well as an adapted potential for hematite. Taking into account the size of the simulation box, we show that not only the longitudinal size (in the direction of the heat flux) but also the transverse size plays a role in the determination of κ and should be converged properly in order to have reliable results. Moreover we propose a comparison of thermal conductivity calculations in two different crystallographic directions to highlight the spatial anisotropy and we investigate the non-linear temperature behavior typically observed in NEMD methods.
In-situ synchrotron x-ray characterization of K2CsSb photocathode grown by ternary co-evaporation
Authors: Ding Z. , Gaowei M. , Sinsheimer J. , Xie J. , Schubert S. , Padmore H. , Muller E. , Smedley J.
Published: February 2017

K2CsSb is a promising photocathode candidate to serve as an electron source in next-generation light sources such as Free Electron Lasers (FEL) and Energy Recovery Linacs (ERL). As the traditional recipe for creation of K2CsSb photocathodes typically results in a rough surface that deteriorates electron beam quality, significant effort has been made to explore novel growth methods for K2CsSb photocathodes. In this paper, a method of ternary co-evaporation of K, Cs, and Sb is described. By using in-situ synchrotron X-ray techniques, the quality of the photocathode is characterized during and after the growth. K2CsSb photocathodes grown by this method on Si (100) and MgO (001) substrates show strong (222) texture, and the two photocathodes exhibit 1.7% and 3.4% quantum efficiencies at a wavelength of 530 nm, with a rms surface roughness of about 2–4 nm. This represents an order of magnitude reduction in roughness compared to typical sequential deposition and should result in a significant improvement in the brightness of the generated electron beam.
Advanced post-acceleration methodology for pseudospark-sourced electron beam
Authors: Zhao J. , Yin H. , Zhang L. , Shu G. , He W. , Zhang Q. , Phelps A. D. R. , Cross A. W.
Published: February 2017

During its conductive phase, a pseudospark discharge is able to generate a low energy electron beam with a higher combined current density and brightness compared with electron beams formed from any other known type of electron source. In this paper, a configuration is proposed to post-accelerate an electron beam extracted from a single-gap pseudospark discharge cavity in order to achieve high quality high energy intense electron beams. The major advancement is that the triggering of the pseudospark discharge, the pseudospark discharge itself, and the post-accelerating of the electron beam are all driven by a single high voltage pulse. An electron beam with a beam current of ∼20 A, beam voltage of 40 kV, and duration of ∼180 ns has been generated using this structure. The beam energy can be adjusted through adjusting the amplitude of the voltage pulse and the operating voltage of the whole structure, which can be varied from 24 to 50 kV with an efficient triggering method under fixed gas pressure below ∼10 Pa.
Three-dimensional central configurations in ℍ3 and 𝕊3
Authors: Zhu Shuqiang , Zhao Suo
Published: February 2017

We show that each central configuration in the three-dimensional hyperbolic sphere is equivalent to one central configuration on a particular two-dimensional hyperbolic sphere. However, there exist both special and ordinary central configurations in the three-dimensional sphere that are not confined to any two-dimensional sphere.
High harmonic generation in ZnO with a high-power mid-IR OPA
Authors: Gholam-Mirzaei Shima , Beetar John , Chini Michael
Published: February 2017

We generate high-order harmonics in a-cut (11–20) ZnO at a high repetition rate of 50 kHz, using the tunable mid-infrared pulses (3–4 μm wavelength) from a high-power optical parametric amplifier. For driving laser pulses with 3.8 μm central wavelength, we observe nonperturbative harmonic spectra that well exceed the material band gap. The harmonic spectra depend strongly on the orientation of the crystal with respect to the laser polarization, with odd harmonics exhibiting periodicities of π/2 for a polarization within the (11–20) crystal plane. Energy conversion efficiencies of ∼10−6 per harmonic are measured for the 9th–13th harmonics, yielding an average power of more than 0.2 μW for the 13th harmonic.
Non-volatile spin wave majority gate at the nanoscale
Authors: Zografos O. , Dutta S. , Manfrini M. , Vaysset A. , Sorée B. , Naeemi A. , Raghavan P. , Lauwereins R. , Radu I. P.
Published: February 2017

A spin wave majority fork-like structure with feature size of 40 nm, is presented and investigated, through micromagnetic simulations. The structure consists of three merging out-of-plane magnetization spin wave buses and four magneto-electric cells serving as three inputs and an output. The information of the logic signals is encoded in the phase of the transmitted spin waves and subsequently stored as direction of magnetization of the magneto-electric cells upon detection. The minimum dimensions of the structure that produce an operational majority gate are identified. For all input combinations, the detection scheme employed manages to capture the majority phase result of the spin wave interference and ignore all reflection effects induced by the geometry of the structure.
Effect of nanostructure layout on spin pumping phenomena in antiferromagnet/nonmagnetic metal/ferromagnet multilayered stacks
Authors: Kravets A. F. , Gomonay Olena V. , Polishchuk D. M. , Tykhonenko-Polishchuk Yu. O. , Polek T. I. , Tovstolytkin A. I. , Korenivski V.
Published: February 2017

In this work we focus on magnetic relaxation in Mn80Ir20(12 nm)/Cu(6 nm)/Py(dF) antiferromagnet/Cu/ferromagnet (AFM/Cu/FM) multilayers with different thickness of the ferromagnetic permalloy layer. An effective FM-AFM interaction mediated via the conduction electrons in the nonmagnetic Cu spacer – the spin-pumping effect – is detected as an increase in the linewidth of the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectra and a shift of the resonant magnetic field. We further find experimentally that the spin-pumping-induced contribution to the linewidth is inversely proportional to the thickness of the Py layer. We show that this thickness dependence likely originates from the dissipative dynamics of the free and localized spins in the AFM layer. The results obtained could be used for tailoring the dissipative properties of spintronic devices incorporating antiferromagnetic layers.
Substitution effects on magnetic properties of Mg1.3-xMnxAlyFe1.8-yO4 ferrite
Authors: Kuo Ming-Feng , Hung Yung-Hsiung , Huang Jing-Yi , Huang Ching-Chien
Published: February 2017

Mg1.3-xMnxAlyFe1.8-yO4 (x = 0.1–0.2, y = 0.15–0.3) spinel ferrites were prepared using conventional ceramic technique. Highly densified Mg–Mn–Al ferrites (with 99% theoretical density) were obtained, and the influence of Mn and Al substitution on the characteristics of these ferrites has been systematically studied. The microstructure, magnetic properties, and ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) of the Mg–Mn–Al ferrites have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, B-H analyzer, and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectrometer. The results showed that all of the samples were single spinel phase. As Mn content increases and Al content decreases, both saturation magnetization (4πMs) and squareness ratio increase, while the coercivity (Hc) first increases and then decreases. In addition, good ferromagnetic resonance linewidth properties were also obtained as 143.8 Oe at 9.3 GHz for the sample with x = 0.17 and y = 0.20. The results imply that Mg1.3-xMnxAlyFe1.8-yO4 ferrites may be applicable for X-band (8–12 GHz) microwave devices.
Design and analysis of a field modulated magnetic screw for artificial heart
Authors: Ling Zhijian , Ji Jinghua , Wang Fangqun , Bian Fangfang
Published: February 2017

This paper proposes a new electromechanical energy conversion system, called Field Modulated Magnetic Screw (FMMS) as a high force density linear actuator for artificial heart. This device is based on the concept of magnetic screw and linear magnetic gear. The proposed FMMS consists of three parts with the outer and inner carrying the radially magnetized helically permanent-magnet (PM), and the intermediate having a set of helically ferromagnetic pole pieces, which modulate the magnetic fields produced by the PMs. The configuration of the newly designed FMMS is presented and its electromagnetic performances are analyzed by using the finite-element analysis, verifying the advantages of the proposed structure.
Accuracy of magnetic resonance based susceptibility measurements
Authors: Erdevig Hannah E. , Russek Stephen E. , Carnicka Slavka , Stupic Karl F. , Keenan Kathryn E.
Published: February 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to map the magnetic susceptibility of tissue to identify cerebral microbleeds associated with traumatic brain injury and pathological iron deposits associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. Accurate measurements of susceptibility are important for determining oxygen and iron content in blood vessels and brain tissue for use in noninvasive clinical diagnosis and treatment assessments. Induced magnetic fields with amplitude on the order of 100 nT, can be detected using MRI phase images. The induced field distributions can then be inverted to obtain quantitative susceptibility maps. The focus of this research was to determine the accuracy of MRI-based susceptibility measurements using simple phantom geometries and to compare the susceptibility measurements with magnetometry measurements where SI-traceable standards are available. The susceptibilities of paramagnetic salt solutions in cylindrical containers were measured as a function of orientation relative to the static MRI field. The observed induced fields as a function of orientation of the cylinder were in good agreement with simple models. The MRI susceptibility measurements were compared with SQUID magnetometry using NIST-traceable standards. MRI can accurately measure relative magnetic susceptibilities while SQUID magnetometry measures absolute magnetic susceptibility. Given the accuracy of moment measurements of tissue mimicking samples, and the need to look at small differences in tissue properties, the use of existing NIST standard reference materials to calibrate MRI reference structures is problematic and better reference materials are required.
Tailoring volume magnetostriction of giant magnetostrictive materials by engineering magnetic domain morphology
Authors: Zhang Changsheng , Ma Tianyu , Sun Guangai
Published: February 2017

Volume conservation is usually considered for the classic magnetostrictive materials during technical magnetization process. The present work reports the forced volume magnetostriction prior to saturation magnetization in the rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials by engineering the initial magnetic domain morphology. It is found that the volume magnetostriction can be manipulated with the changeable sign and magnitude from about −200 × 10−6 at the thermal-demagnetized state to 450 × 10−6 at the domain-aligned state. Such behavior arises from the different domain pathways. On the light of these observations, the exploration of materials design and applications based on the volume magnetostriction effect might be facilitated.
Shell-ferromagnetism in Ni-Mn-based Heuslers in view of ductile Ni-Mn-Al
Authors: Çakır A. , Acet M.
Published: February 2017

The present work deals with magnetic and structural phase instabilities in Ni-Mn-based Heusler alloys especially Ni-Mn-Al. The temper-annealed Ni50Mn45Al5 Heusler alloy decomposes into the full stoichiometric Ni2MnAl and NiMn phases. The decomposed stoichiometric Heusler forms precipitates in an anti-ferromagnetic NiMn matrix and exhibits shell-ferromagnetic properties when the temper-annealing is performed under magnetic field. The shell-ferromagnetism results from the magnetic proximity effect and is observed as vertically shifted magnetization loops. The presence of this property in Ni50Mn45Al5 adds the possibility of having a ductile material while preserving the shell-ferromagnetic properties.
Anisotropic magnetoelectric characteristics in five-layer magnetization-graded multiferroic composites
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Yao , Dai Xianzhi , Yang Zhigang
Published: February 2017

We investigate the anisotropic magnetoelectric(ME) characteristics for the five-layer magnetization-graded multiferroic composites(MGMC). The magnetic anisotropy and corresponding anisotropic magnetomechanical effect, demagnetization effect and magneto-mechanical damping’s dependence on magnetic field direction result in an obvious anisotropic ME coupling effect. The experimental results show that ME voltage coefficient in H33 mode is remarkably larger than the other ones (H11, H31 and H13) over the whole Hdc range. Correspondingly, ∂VME/∂Hdc arrives about 420mV/Oe at an optimum bias magnetic field of 46Oe, which is approximately 40 times larger than that of the previous reported composite. Furthermore, it also demonstrates an obvious angular dependence on dc magnetic field. Taking advantage of these specifications, the MGMC can be used to detect weak dc magnetic field and its spatial orientation.
Analysis and modeling of leakage current sensor under pulsating direct current
Authors: Li Kui , Dai Yihua , Wang Yao , Niu Feng , Chen Zhao , Huang Shaopo
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the transformation characteristics of current sensor under pulsating DC leakage current is investigated. The mathematical model of current sensor is proposed to accurately describe the secondary side current and excitation current. The transformation process of current sensor is illustrated in details and the transformation error is analyzed from multi aspects. A simulation model is built and a sensor prototype is designed to conduct comparative evaluation, and both simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis.
Atomic layer deposition and properties of mixed Ta2O5 and ZrO2 films
Authors: Kukli Kaupo , Kemell Marianna , Vehkamäki Marko , Heikkilä Mikko J. , Mizohata Kenichiro , Kalam Kristjan , Ritala Mikko , Leskelä Markku , Kundrata Ivan , Fröhlich Karol
Published: February 2017

Thin solid films consisting of ZrO2 and Ta2O5 were grown by atomic layer deposition at 300 °C. Ta2O5 films doped with ZrO2, TaZr2.75O8 ternary phase, or ZrO2 doped with Ta2O5 were grown to thickness and composition depending on the number and ratio of alternating ZrO2 and Ta2O5 deposition cycles. All the films grown exhibited resistive switching characteristics between TiN and Pt electrodes, expressed by repetitive current-voltage loops. The most reliable windows between high and low resistive states were observed in Ta2O5 films mixed with relatively low amounts of ZrO2, providing Zr to Ta cation ratio of 0.2.
Experimental validation of a distribution theory based analysis of the effect of manufacturing tolerances on permanent magnet synchronous machines
Authors: Boscaino V. , Cipriani G. , Di Dio V. , Corpora M. , Curto D. , Franzitta V. , Trapanese M.
Published: February 2017

An experimental study on the effect of permanent magnet tolerances on the performances of a Tubular Linear Ferrite Motor is presented in this paper. The performances that have been investigated are: cogging force, end effect cogging force and generated thrust. It is demonstrated that: 1) the statistical variability of the magnets introduces harmonics in the spectrum of the cogging force; 2) the value of the end effect cogging force is directly linked to the values of then remanence field of the external magnets placed on the slider; 3) the generated thrust and its statistical distribution depend on the remanence field of the magnets placed on the translator.
A novel structural expansion in SrTiO3 tuned by electric field and visible-light
Authors: Li Y. , Peng S. J. , Mao T. T. , Wang D. J. , Wu K. M. , Sun J. R. , Zhang J.
Published: February 2017

SrTiO3 is a model perovskite oxide of abundant physical properties, which are closely associated with internal oxygen vacancy (VO) defects. Through in situ X-ray diffraction measurements, we observed a remarkable structural expansion in the near-surface region of (001)-SrTiO3 induced by an external electric field. By repeated scanning and consistently monitoring the 002 reflections, forming process of the unique structural distortion was obtained and considered to be the results of electromigration and redistribution of VOs. Peculiarly, it was found that a much greater lattice distortion would occur rapidly in SrTiO3 under the illumination of visible light, and be effectively tuned depending on wavelength. We propose that the light effect stems from photo-excitation, which generates extra carriers and remarkably speeds up the diffusion of VOs. This work provides a feasible way towards tuning the kinetics of VOs and structure of SrTiO3 by combined stimuli of electric field and light illumination, yielding novel properties in above films as well as hetero-interface at SrTiO3-based oxide system.
Tilt angle dependence of the modulated interference effects in photo-elastic modulators
Authors: Talukder Md. Abdul Ahad , Geerts Wilhelmus J.
Published: February 2017

The effect of the PEM tilt angle and incident polarization on the PEM interference is studied for a single axis photo-elastic modulator. The dc, 1ω, and 2ω components of the detector signal vary periodically as a function of PEM tilt angle. Although it is possible to adjust the PEM tilt angle to minimize the 1ω or 2ω detector signal at small tilt angles, it is not possible to null both of them simultaneously. For the case where no analyzer is used, the ac detector signals can be minimized simultaneously by adjusting the polarization angle of the light incident on the PEM and the PEM tilt angle. Direct observations of the detector signal indicate that the effects of refraction index and thickness variations are opposite consistent with a lower polarizability for compressive strain of the modulator.
Measuring the degree of near-synonymy of Spanish verbs of putting
Authors: Comer Marie , Enghels Renata , Vanderschueren Clara
Published: February 2017

The present article presents a corpus-based study of two near-synonymous verbs in Spanish: the locative verbs of puttingponerandmeter. Starting from the universal principle of linguistic economy, the paper aims to empirically identify potentially influencing variables that determine the native speaker’s choice between the two verbs. It is investigated whether and to what extent the choice is governed by a set of variables related to the nature of the locative movement itself and the characteristics of the participants taking part in the event. The difference between the near-synonyms is shown to be determined mainly by the direction of the locative movement, the semantic nature of the participants (animacy, concreteness), the reflexiveness of the event, as well as the cognitive construal of the locative event (the possibility of a container-reading).
Evaluative prosodies in academic quality audit reports
Authors: Ho Victor
Published: February 2017

This paper analyzes the discourse of academic quality audit reports by drawing upon Appraisal Theory (Martin & White 2005). It focuses on the evaluative prosodies in the discourse leading up to the three main components of the reports, namely commendations, affirmations, and recommendations. These reports are prepared by the audit panels formed by the Quality Assurance Council of the University Grants Committee of Hong Kong upon the completion of academic quality audit visits to each of the city’s eight publicly-funded tertiary institutions. This paper argues that such evaluative prosodies, or the pattern of use of evaluative language, are strategically employed by the audit panels in an attempt to strike a balance between three needs: (1) to discharge their quality assurance responsibilities with their power vested by the Hong Kong Government through the University Grants Committee; (2) to maintain and/or reinforce a credible ethos for the panels themselves; and (3) to attend to the face wants of the institutions and the stakeholders concerned.
To what extent has the published written CF research aided our understanding of its potential for L2 development?
Authors: Bitchener John
Published: February 2017

This article assesses the current status of written CF research. It focuses specifically on the potential of written CF to facilitate L2 development, seeking answers to five of the most frequently asked umbrella questions: (1) Can written CF facilitate L2 development? (2) Are some types of written CF more effective than other types for L2 development? (3) Is written CF more effective for the development of certain linguistic forms and structures than for others? (4) Is focused or unfocused written CF more effective for L2 development? (5) Can individual and contextual factors moderate the effectiveness of written CF for L2 development? The article assesses the extent to which the reported findings reported in this body of research provide valid and consistent answers to these questions and suggests where future written CF research would do well to focus its attention. From the limitations and shortcomings of the available research, new approaches to answering some of the umbrella questions are suggested and recommendations for research that seeks answers to why written CF may or may not be effective for some learners are presented. Finally and most importantly, emphasis is given to the need to recognise the interactional effect of a wide range of individual and contextual factors (especially those that characterize the whole learner and his/her learning environment) on learner response to and use of written CF.
Evaluating lists of high-frequency words
Authors: Dang This Ngoc Yen , Webb Stuart
Published: February 2017

This study compared the lexical coverage provided by four wordlists [West’s (1953) General Service List (GSL), Nation’s (2006) most frequent 2,000 British National Corpus word families (BNC2000), Nation’s (2012) most frequent 2,000 British National Corpus and Corpus of Contemporary American-English word families (BNC/COCA2000), and Brezina and Gablasova’s (2015) New-GSL list] in 18 corpora. The comparison revealed that the headwords in the BNC/COCA2000 tended to provide the greatest average coverage. However, when the coverage of the most frequent 1,000, 1,500, and 1,996 headwords in the lists was compared, the New-GSL provided the highest coverage. The GSL had the worst performance using both criteria. Pedagogical and methodological implications related to second language (L2) vocabulary learning and teaching are discussed in detail.
Misunderstanding as a resource in interaction
Authors: Robles Jessica S.
Published: February 2017

The phenomenon ofmisunderstandingis a recurrent feature of everyday life – sometimes a source of frustration, sometimes a site of blame. But misunderstandings can also be seen as getting interactants out of (as well as into) trouble. For example, misunderstandings may be produced to deal with disaffiliative implications of ‘not being on the same page,’ and as such they may be deployed as a resource for avoiding trouble. This paper examines misunderstanding as a pragmatic accomplishment, focusing on the uses to which it is put in interactions as a practice for dealing with threats tointersubjectivity: the extent to which persons are aligned in terms of a current referent, activity, assessment, etc. A multimodal discourse analysis of audio and video recordings of naturally-occurring talk inspects moments in which misunderstandings are purported or displayed (rather than overtly invoked) as well as how such misunderstandings are oriented to as simply-repairable references, versus inferential matters more misaligned and potentially fraught. Rather than being a straightforward reflection of an experience of trouble with understanding, misunderstanding may also be collaboratively produced to manage practical challenges to intersubjectivity.
“Are you saying …?”
Authors: Unuabonah Foluke Olayinka
Published: February 2017

This study explores metapragmatic comments in Nigerian quasi-judicial public hearings, involving interactions between complainants, defendants and a hearing panel, with a view to investigating their forms, features, distribution and functions. The data are analysed quantitatively and qualitatively from a discourse-pragmatic framework that incorporates Verschueren’s theory of metapragmatics, Mey’s pragmatic act theory, Grice’s Cooperative Principle and conversation analysis. Four types of metapragmatic comments are used: speech act descriptions, talk regulation comments, maxim adherence/violation related comments and metalinguistic comments. Their distribution and functioning are shown to be partly predictable from properties of the speech event, while they also co-determine the nature and development of the analysed hearings.
Persianisms: The Achaemenid Court in Greek Art, 380–330 BCE
Authors: Llewellyn-Jones Lloyd
Published: February 2017

The Persians held sway over the Greek imagination for more than 200 years. The image of Persia shifted in that time from xenophobic hostility, caused through fear of the encroaching presence of the Persian empire, through to curious acceptance of its dominance. Much study has been given to the formative decades of the construction of the Persian “Other” in Greek art, but the fourth-century image of Persia has remained relatively unexplored. This paper demonstrates how Greek artists of the period 380–330 BCE fixated on the life and accomplishments of the court of the Achaemenid Great Kings and argues that instead of offering an orientalist clichéd view of Persian life, it attempted to understand and disseminate bone fide Iranian images of court society.
Application of multiple residual stress determination methods to coarse-grained biomedical implant castings
Authors: Conroy Brian , Traoré Yéli , Paddea Sanjooram , Kelleher Joe , Tanner David
Published: February 2017

ASTM F75 femoral knee implant components distort during manufacture due to residual stress re-distribution or inducement. X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, centre-hole drilling and the contour method residual stress determination techniques were applied to as-cast and/or shot-blasted components. The centre-hole drilling and contour methods can only be considered qualitative as a result of uncertainty associated with the elastic anisotropy of gauge volumes. Additionally, neutron diffraction experimentation returned unfeasible results. However, it was qualitatively identified that a shot-blasting shell-removal process has the ability to significantly alter the bulk residual stress state of the implants and induce a stress state which would cause distortion by re-distribution following material removal during manufacturing processes.