bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Locality values in thermal comfort embodied in traditional Indonesian houses: a literature review
Authors: Pramesti P U , Hasan M I , Ramandhika M
Published: November 2021

This study aims to explore how traditional buildings of Indonesia adapted and responded to the current climate. Scientific publications regarding traditional houses from various regions in Indonesia were gathered to be examined the locality values in thermal comfort. The examination of the scientific publications highlighted some housing elements and arrangements that influence the thermal comfort of the houses. The building elements that affect the thermal comfort encompass lifted house on stilts; appropriate size and amount of windows; ventilated roof; selected natural material; divider arrangement; and the existence of veranda. Furthermore, as exemplified in Bali, the proper spatial arrangement between house buildings and open space influences traditional Indonesian houses’ thermal comfort. In conclusion, dealing with climate in a tropical area with high humidity can be demonstrated in those locality values without consuming excess energy for a cooling system. The significance of this study is beneficial for the development of tropical houses, which is expectedly to consider those locality values.
Visualizations of Berea sandstone pores using neutron tomography
Authors: Setiati R , Sumirat I , Sukaryo S G , Adisoemarta P S , Akbar F , Marpaung TS , Bharoto
Published: November 2021

Sandstone is a reservoir rock commonly found by oil and gas companies. Oil and gas usually trap inside the sandstone pores. A Destructive-Testing (DT) method or chemical solution method is usually used to measure the porosities of the sandstone sample. On the other hand, neutron computed tomography (NCT) can visualise and quantify all the porosities of the sandstone non-destructively. Neutron tomography is an imaging technique that employs neutron generated by a nuclear research reactor. The NCT produces cross-sectional images of the object that was used to visualise the Barea sandstone porosities distribution. The results show that each rock sample possesses connected and concentrated pores in the middle part of the rock with total porosity of ± 20%.
Assessing implementation of low-carbon technologies in Thekelan Hamlet, Indonesia using participatory rural appraisal method
Authors: Rezagama A , Budihardjo M A , Zaman B , Yohana E
Published: November 2021

Thekelan hamlet is located at the foot of Mount Merbabu makes the electricity that reaches this village experience a reasonably high loss percentage. By utilizing the sunlight, the community can make a power plant with solar cell technology. In addition, the majority of residents in Thekelan Hamlet still use wood-fired stoves for cooking. This condition is, of course, not environmentally friendly because the combustion releases high carbon into the atmosphere. Therefore, the prospect of renewable energy has not yet been fully exploited. This situation is due to the low level of knowledge, education, and capital owned by residents. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach were used to develop low-carbon society in Thekelan Hamlet. This approach comprises three stage including workshop, action, and reflection stage. Result shows that the community in Thekelan District were able to implement low-carbon society. However, the capital price of low-carbon technology such as solar cells and dew catcher is still high with respect to the output that they can generate. Therefore, the community is agree to contribute and join to the development of this program in the future since they realize that low-carbon society can induce economic development of the hamlet.
The use of subsurface constructed wetland for the treatment of tofu industrial wastewater in Semanan, Jakarta Barat
Authors: Raivaldi M R , Hadisoebroto R , Hendrawan D I
Published: November 2021

The tofu preparing industry, typically done by the little businesses, can be found in almost every city in Indonesia and is dominated by industrial house stairways. The largest industry does not have a unit of processing wastewater. The wastewater focus is as yet over the edge quality norm, which messed contamination up. Constructed wetlands are affordable and reliable green technologies to diminish water contamination by utilizing plants. This study aims to know the quality of tofu industrial wastewater in Semanan, Jakarta Barat and analyze the removal of pollutants. The performance of the horizontal flow type Sub-Surface Flow constructed wetland with Typha latifolia plant. The media used were soil, sand, and gravel with a Typha latifolia plant. Testing the quality of tofu wastewater in Constructed wetland every 7 days at inlet and outlet, the sample was taken for TSS, BOD, and COD concentration. This research showed that the reactor could decrease TSS by 91.17% on day 36, a decrease of BOD 89.30% on day 15, and COD 87.86% on day 36. Those plants can produce growth fertile. These results fulfil the requirement of the quality standards of the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 05 of 2014.
Comparison of pour point depressant (PPD) ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and nano-montmorillonite
Authors: Nurfajrin Z D , Satiyawira B , Putra R A
Published: November 2021

One of the problems with oil production is stuck of oil transportation flow in the pipeline caused by wax deposits. The high wax content in crude oil causes the oil viscosity value to increase so that crude oil has High Pour Point Oil (HPPO) properties. In this research, using crude oil sample with initial pour point of 31oC and viscosity of 556 cP. This samples are classified as heavy oil. Therefore, this sample is suitable for use as an experiment in this research. There are several methods to deal with HPPO. One chemical method used to overcome this problem is adding Pour Point Depressant (PPD) to crude oil. This PPD functions to decrease pour point value by binding wax crystals in crude oil. In this study, two types of PPD were compared, Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) and Nano-Montmorillonite (Nano-MMT). Both can reduce the pour point value on crude oil, but PPD EVA shows a more excellent reduction than nano-MMT. The results show that EVA is better at binding crystals than nano-MMT. After the injection of 400 ppm EVA, the pour point value of crude oil could be decreased up to 24oC, and the viscosity also decreased by 185 cP.
The Covid-19 pandemic impact on indigenous people livelihoods in the peat swamp forest ecosystem in Central Kalimantan Indonesia
Authors: Suwito D , Suratman  , Poedjirahajoe E
Published: November 2021

Global tropical peat swamp forest ecosystems mostly are found in Indonesia. However, these unique yet fragile ecosystems are subject to deforestation and degradation due to forest fires and land conversion. Peat swamp forests are well known for their ecosystem services related to global climate mitigation because they store carbon inside and are very vulnerable to forest fires. Another direct function is providing various needs for the indigenous people livelihoods who live close to and in the areas. This study was conducted qualitatively to assess the forest utilization and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the livelihoods of indigenous people. The study results show that the Dayak Ngaju Communities utilize the forest for timber, non-timbers, medicinal plants, foods, and religious culture. There is no significant impact of COVID-19 on forest product collection activities, but the pandemic impacts the marketing and sales of forest products. The marketing of fish and other non-timber forest products has been negatively affected due to decreased demand and limited transportation. On the contrary, the use, need, and demand for medicinal plants for the traditional medicine of COVID-19 is increasing significantly and improving local livelihoods.
New species Pseudomonas capeferrum TDA1 as a plastic monomer utilizer and a PHA native producer
Authors: Utomo R N C , Heipieper H J , Eberlein C , Blank L M
Published: November 2021

Over the decades, global plastic production has been exponentially increasing with a significant increase of plastic waste as well. Consequently, our environment has suffered a lot because synthetic plastic is less biodegradable or even not completely biodegradable. On the other hand, the conventional recycling rate and plastic management in the top ten plastic contributors are still low to reduce the contamination and pollution from plastic waste. Particularly, Indonesia, one of the world’s most outstanding emerging market economies and has the most contribution on plastic waste in ASEAN, should consider breakthrough and novel technology to fight global plastic waste. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) might have the closest relation to plastic waste upcycling because this compound can be used as the primary material to synthesize bioplastic, so-called plastic, to the bioplastic process. Many Pseudomonads can natively produce PHA as their extracellular product. This study qualitatively shows that the new strain Pseudomonas capeferrum TDA 1 natively produces PHA from various sole carbon sources, including plastic monomers. This finding gives significant insight for many improvements to the “plastic to bio-plastic” process on an industrial scale.
Crack formation behavior of composite fly ash – bentonite (FAB) in landfill liner system
Authors: Syafrudin  , Budihardjo M A , Sutrisno E , Nugraha W D , Samudro G
Published: November 2021

This study aims to investigate the influence of different mixtures on the phenomenon of desiccation cracking in bentonite-fly ash mixtures as a landfill liner system. Fly ash is quite potential to be used as a landfill liner mixture because it has a low hydraulic permeability or conductivity value. This study uses class F fly ash from the Paiton power plant production process, Indonesia, which has been distributed commercially. Desiccation test was conducted in this study. The composition of fly ash and bentonite which is used are pure fly ash (FAB0), fly ash and bentonite 15% (FAB15), fly ash and bentonite 20% (FAB20) and fly ash and bentonite 25% (FAB25). The smallest CIF value is found in the pure fly ash layer. However, the pure fly ash cannot be used as landfill liner because the high permeability value. Therefore, the addition of bentonite will increase the possibility of crack formation. This study reveals that the addition bentonite in the fly ash composite will increase the crack. However, determining appropriate mixture composition is critical when working on the landfill liner system.
A bibliometric analysis of permeable reactive barrier enhanced electrokinetic treatment for sustainable polluted soil remediation
Authors: Budihardjo M A , Safitri R P , Ramadan B S , Effendi A J , Hidayat S , Paramitadevi Y V , Ratnawati B , Karmilia A
Published: November 2021

Research on soil remediation continues to develop, one of which is electrokinetic remediation combined with a permeable reactive barrier as a medium to prevent the migration of metals removed from the anode and cathode spaces. Thus, it is hoped that there is no need for reprocessing the residue resulting from electrokinetic remediation. This study aims to conduct a bibliographical analysis related to electrokinetic remediation coupled by permeable reactive barriers for heavy metal contaminated soil and to examine the effect of using various types of reactive barrier materials and their placement on the pollutants removal in the soil. Based on the results of bibliographic analysis, 26 relevant scientific articles were obtained, and the most publications in 2020 with 27% additional article publications are found. China and Environmental Science and Pollutant Research are the countries and journals that contribute the most to publications related to EK-PRB on heavy metal polluted soils.
Analysis of groundwater quality in Cimahi City of West Java Province
Authors: Putri L O L , Wardhani E
Published: November 2021

Cimahi City is currently experiencing a clean water crisis, the cause of which is increasing population growth, so that water needs increase and land conversion, which results in reduced groundwater infiltration. The primary source of clean water in this city is groundwater. Population growth and residential development have an impact on pollution originating from domestic waste. These two things cause the quality and quantity of groundwater in Cimahi City to be increasingly critical. This study aims to analyze the quality of groundwater used by residents of Cimahi City. The data used is secondary data from the Environmental Service in 2019. Sampling was carried out at thirty points in Cimahi City spread over 14 urban villages, namely Citereup, Pasir Kaliki, Cibereum, Cibabat, Cipageran, Cimahi, Leuwigajah, Setiamanah, Karang Mekar, Cibeber, Melong, Cigugur, Padasuka, and Utama. The number of sampling is 1-2 samples/urban village. Based on the results of the analysis of parameters that do not exceed the required quality standards based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32 of 2017 concerning the requirements and supervision of pristine water quality, namely: turbidity, Manganese, nitrate, detergent as MBAS, and total coliform. Based on the results of calculations with the water quality index, it is stated that the quality of groundwater in Cimahi City is in the normal-poor category.
The Population Of Festuca Arundinaceae Sherb. The Cretaceous South Of The Middle Russian Uplands As A Starting Material For The Selection Of Grass Bearing Varieties
Authors: Kosolapov V M , Cherniavskih V I , Dumacheva E V , Marinich M N
Published: November 2021

Collected specimens of Festuca arundinaceae Sherb. (2014-2018). Source material for breeding was obtained as a result of expeditionary studies in the Belgorod region in different ecotopes of ravine and ravine complexes, floodplains of rivers, and technogenic-disturbed lands. Tests of breeding value of selected forms were carried out in comparison with released varieties of Russian (‘Olshanka’, ‘Ivitsa’, ‘Darina’) and foreign breeding (‘Finelawn’, ‘Meandre’). It has been established that the forms selected in natural habitats had wide limits of variation in all basic selection traits - Cv varied from 11.4% for traits ‘number of shoots on 1 plant’ and ‘number of productive shoots on 1 plant’ to 65.4% for the trait ‘color of knots’. Wild populations provide opportunities for selection of such important for selection on seed productivity traits as “number of seeds in one panicle” and “weight of 1000 seeds” - Cv = 12.1 % and 16.1 % accordingly. The results indicate the possibility of using the source material available in the collection to produce new lawn varieties with high seed productivity and ornamental value.
Wild Populations Of Medicago Falcata L. In Small River Basins Of European Russia As A Source Material For Breeding
Authors: Kosolapov V M , Cherniavskih V I , Dumacheva E V , Tseiko L M , Kostomakhin M N , Berdiev M
Published: November 2021

The genetic resources of wild populations of Medicago falcate L. of the Cretaceous South of the Srednerussky Upland in ecotopic conditions of chalky slopes and floodplain meadows in the basins of small rivers Tikhaya Sosna and Manjokha were studied to find the source material for breeding work to create varieties for different cultivation conditions. Evaluation of phytocenotic features, density of cenopopulations, forage and seed species was carried out. The species M. falcata forms, both on meadows in floodplains and on chalk slopes, full-membered normal cenopopulations, which have a continual (continuous) distribution of individuals by age groups, stable in time and in space. The centralized ontogenetic spectrum indicates the stable status of M. falcata cenopopulations in plant communities in various ecotopes of small river basins. The density of individuals of M. falcata was on average 18.9 % higher in cenopopulations of floodplains than in chalk slopes. The density of generative individuals in all studied cenopopulations was on average close and varied within 81.2-83.7 %, which indicates their stability in time and high adaptive potential. The weight of one fruiting model plant of floodplain meadows was 2.28 times higher than on chalky slopes. Seed yield on floodplain meadows was 2.02 times higher than on chalky slopes. Valuable source material for breeding M. falcatum varieties adapted to different ecotopic conditions was obtained.
The Role Of Perennial Grasses In The Protection Of Soil Resources Of Erosive Ecosystems With Active Development Of Linear Erosion
Authors: Kosolapov V M , Cherniavskih V I , Dumacheva E V , Marinich M N , Sajfutdinova L D , Lanin D O
Published: November 2021

We evaluated the stability of perennial legume and cereal grass species in artificial plant communities on permanent anti-erosion watercourses in the agroecosystems of the Belgorod region with active development of linear soil erosion. In the conditions of steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Belgorod region on permanently grassed watercourses in 2017-2019. varieties of perennial leguminous and cereal grasses: ‘Krasnoyaruzhskaya 1’ and ‘Krasnoyaruzhskaya 2’ (Medicago varia), ‘Kazatsky’ (Trifolium pratense), ‘Olshanka’ and ‘Ivica’ (Festuca arundinacea), ‘Streletsky’ and ‘Stepnyak’ (Lolium perenne)) obtained using local genetic material were studied. All varieties showed their resistance in agro-ecosystems with active development of linear erosion in the forest-steppe and steppe zones. Projective cover on watercourses in the steppe zone in all variants of experience was on average 83,4 %, in the forest-steppe zone - 86,3 %. In the third year of the tests on permanently irrigated watercourses in the steppe zone, the share of cereal and legume grass species was quite high and varied from 88 % in the variant M. varia + Onobrychis arenaria to 92 % in the variants M. varia + Bromopsis inermis and O. arenaria. In the forest-steppe zone, the share of cereal and legume grass species varied from 86 % in the variant L. perenne to 94 % in the variant L. perenne + B. inermis.
Trifolium Repense L. Breeding In The Central Chernozem Region: Main Directions And Methods Of Work
Authors: Kosolapov V M , Cherniavskih V I , Dumacheva E V , Sopina N A , Tseiko V I , Markova E I
Published: November 2021

Varieties and breeding samples of creeping clover Trifolium repense L. of lawn direction were studied in the nursery of competitive varietal trials. Using the methods of recurrent breeding involving local populations of creeping clover growing on chalk outcrops as initial forms, two varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’ and ‘Ilyok’ were obtained, as well as a new breeding sample PO 17/07. Varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’, ‘Ilyok’ and selection sample PO 17/7 are characterized by high seed productivity, the possibility of cultivation on soils with high carbonate content (burial of construction waste in an urban environment, reclamation of man-made-disturbed landscapes, etc.); high resistance to trampling. Seed yield over three years of tests in varieties ‘Krasnoyaruzhsky’, ‘Ilyok’ and breeding sample PO 17/7 significantly exceed the standard by an average of 24,6-26,8%; have uniform foliage at the level of 48-53%. Breeding sample PO 17/7 is planned to be submitted to the State variety testing.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in forage crop rotations of the forest zone
Authors: Shpakov A S
Published: November 2021

The forest zone of Russia is most favorable for the development of dairy and meat animal husbandry. In solving the problem of intensification of animal husbandry, the most important role belongs to high-quality feed, especially in terms of their provision with protein and essential amino acids [1, 2, 3, 4]. Alfalfa is of great importance in solving the problem of producing high-quality forage. The expansion of alfalfa sowing in the forest zone is facilitated by successful breeding of varieties at the All-Russian Research Institute of feed (Selena, Pasturenaya 88, Vega 87, Lada, Lugovaya 67), combining high productivity of biomass and seeds, resistance to unfavorable environmental factors, a positive effect on fertility and nitrogen balance in the soil … The most fully productive potential of alfalfa, including longevity in nitrogen-fixing capacity, is realized in fodder crop rotations, which are the basis of field fodder production in specialized dairy and meat farms [5].
Breeding of perennial forage crops for disease resistance
Authors: Razgulyaeva N V , Kostenko N Y , Putsa N M , Blagoveshenskaya E Y
Published: November 2021

The creation of the initial breeding material of forage crops, promising in terms of disease resistance, is a difficult task that requires the solution of many related issues. Such studies should be carried out on artificial field infectious backgrounds. In FSC “VIK named after V.R. Williams” such backgrounds were created on the basis of data of long-term phytosanitary monitoring to identify the main diseases of forage crops. Techniques for creating field backgrounds and methods for laboratory assessment of resistance have been developed, which make it possible to reduce the number of samples evaluated against backgrounds, due to the rejection of susceptible to the disease. When evaluating 20 collection samples of meadow clover and awnless rump, 10 samples with increased disease resistance were identified. As a result of further breeding study of this material by methods of selection, self-pollination, cloning, promising biotypes in terms of disease resistance were obtained. On the basis of these biotypes, polycross populations of meadow clover and awnless rump were created. An assessment of the stability of these populations against artificial infectious backgrounds was carried out. In terms of resistance to fusarium, the polycross population of meadow clover exceeded the standard variety VIC 77 by 24%. The population of awnless rump exceeded the standard Fakelny cultivar by 21% on average over 2 years. A breeding program has been developed to create the initial material for meadow clover and awnless rump with increased disease resistance.
Summer Mixed Seeding For Green Fodder As A Preceder For Winter And Spring Grain Crops
Authors: Buyankin N I , Krasnoperov A G
Published: November 2021

Mixed summer crops are used to obtain green forage in the late autumn period and are very effective precursors for winter and spring crops. The use of summer crops as a precursor for winter and spring crops saturated with legumes, which, thanks to a well-developed, deeply penetrating root system, raise available nutrients into the arable horizon, structure the soil and leave biological nitrogen for forage after harvesting, using nitrifying bacteria in the rhizosphere.
Impact of planting timing on seed yields and productive longevity of eastern goat rue (Galega orientales Lam)
Authors: Zolotarev V N
Published: November 2021

Eastern goat’s rue (Galega orientales Lam.) has a complex of economically useful features, which makes it a priority introduced fodder crop in different soil and climatic zones. The initial stages of ontogenesis determine the development of plants and the amount of seed yield of goat’s rue for the next year. In the first year, goat’s rue plants develop slowly, which requires its early sowing. It was found that the highest fullness of sprouts in the range of 50-61% was noted when goat’s rue was sown in the period from May 25 to June 5. Moisture conditions of vegetation seasons have a decisive influence on growth and development of plants in the year of sowing and their preservation during the overwintering period. The highest yield of seeds in the 1st year of using was when sowing goat’s rue from the beginning of May to the middle of the first decade of June which provided accumulation of the sum of effective air temperatures 1409,5-1125,00C and amount of precipitation within the range 373,9-335,7 mm from shoots to the end of vegetation in the year of sowing and 1208,30C with 274,9 mm of precipitation in the second year before harvesting. The highest seed yields in the range of 466-560 kg/ha yieldwere obtained from goat’s rue crops of May and June sowing dates. The influence of sowing dates on seed yields was evident during the first two years. In subsequent years, the value of seed yield is leveled.
The effect of new forms of micro-fertilizers on the yield and quality of white lupine
Authors: Yakovenko G L , Slesareva T N , Yakovenko T V , Pisareva S A , Myasnikova N V
Published: November 2021

The limiting factor of yield is often the insufficient supply of plants with nutrients during the growing season. In this regard, it is necessary to find new techniques that provide a solution to this problem. The article presents the results of studies of micro-fertilizers on the yield and quality of white lupine grain. The use of Aquamix ST fertilizers and potassium Metaborate contributed to an increase in the yield of white lupine grain by an average of 37.5 and 35.4%. In all variants of applying Aquamix ST, an increase in the protein content in the white lupine grain of the Pilgrim variety was found. The excess over the control varied from 5.0 to 5.8 %. The use of Aquamix ST and potassium Metaborate on vegetative plants reduced the alkaloid content of lupin grain by 24.7 … 34.6%. Treatment of white lupine crops in the budding phase with Aquamix ST and potassium Metaborate increased the carotene content in the grain by 34.3 - 25.0%, respectively. The analysis of the data showed that the maximum amount of lysine and carotene was characterized by a variant that includes pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Aquamix ST and subsequent treatment of vegetating plants in the budding phase. On average, over the years of research, the use of micro and macro fertilizers led to an increase in feed units and digestible protein with the yield of lupine grain. More valuable in terms of feed were the options that combine high yield with high grain quality. The greatest collection of digestible protein of 1.26 t/ha, feed units of 6.0 t/ha and exchange energy of 54.8 GJ/ha was provided by Aquamix ST in the variant with pre-sowing seed treatment and two treatments for vegetation. Potassium metaborate, used for the treatment of vegetative plants in the budding phase, showed almost the same results.
Scientific And Economic Justification Of Application Of Symbiotic Polycomponent Fodder Additive In Feeding High Productive Cows
Authors: Kosolapova V G , Buryakov N P , Mokrushina O G , Kosolapov A V , Aleshin D E
Published: November 2021

Research has been carried out on the use of the symbiotic “Rumimaster” in balanced diets of highly productive cows in the conditions of the breeding plant “Kirovskaya meadow-bog experimental station”. The experiment was carried out on two groups of animals in the middle of lactation with a duration of 90 days. The inclusion of the feed additive “Rumimaster” in the diet of experienced cows contributed to an increase in the gross production of natural and 4% fat milk by 124.5 kg and 128.4 kg, the yield of milk fat and milk protein by 5.2 and 4.1 kg, respectively. … The differences between the groups for these parameters were in the range of 5.1-5.7%. The productivity of cows for 305 days of lactation in the experimental group was higher than in the control by 7.5%.

The symbiotic “Rumimaster” promoted the activation of digestion processes, which was reflected in the increase in the time of feed consumption and the duration of the chewing gum. The cows of the experimental group showed an increase in the level of digestibility of the main nutrients. In terms of the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber, the experimental group of cows significantly exceeded the indicators of the control group by 3.3 and 3 absolute percent, respectively. The blood biochemical parameters of the animals of the experimental and control groups were within the physiological norm. The economic evaluation of the research results showed the effectiveness of the use of the symbiotic “Rumimaster” in the diets of lactating cows, which was expressed in the receipt of additional profit from one cow in the amount of 1,344.79 rubles for the period of experience and an increase in the profitability of milk production by 2.1 absolute percent.
Ecological restoration of fodder productivity of degraded pastures in the foothill desert zone of Central Asia
Authors: Shamsutdinov N Z , Sanzeev V V , Sh Shamsutdinov Z
Published: November 2021

Irrational, ecologically unregulated economic activity in the vast deserts of Central Asia has led to biodiversity depletion, decrease in the fodder productivity of natural pastures and, as a result, deterioration in the fodder base of grassland farming. Forage production of these degraded pastures requires ecological restoration. To enrich the species composition and to increase the fodder productivity of degraded pastures we conducted strip sowing of black saxaul. Restorative succession on degraded pastures led to the formation of a long-term halophytic shrub-ephemeral pasture community consisting of two layers: upper (I) layer represented by black saxaul and lower (II) layer composed of ephemeroids, ephemerals and annual saltwort. Ephemerals are short-growing fodder plants (March–April); Haloxylon aphyllum refers to long-growing (226–242 days) fodder plants, which sprout in the period from late March to early December. Annual salsolas Salsola carinata and Halocharis hispida develop well under the crown of Haloxylon aphyllum. Here they are much larger than between the crowns. The shrub-ephemeral pasture community is dominated by annual grasses and Poa bulbosa. They are mainly concentrated on the outer border of the undercrown ring and are characterized by lush development. In the halophytic semi-shrub-ephemeroid pasture community, the total yield of forage mass of ephemera was 0.90 t/ha; the total yield of forage mass of annual saltwort was 0.14 t/ha; the total yield of forage mass of Haloxylon aphyllum was 0.89 t/ha; the total yield of forage mass was 1.93 t/ha.
Grass ecosystems in agrolandscapes of the Yeletsky District of the Central Russian Province forest-steppe zone of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia
Authors: Trofimov I A , Trofimova L S , Yakovleva E P , Teberdiev D M , Kutuzova A A , Privalova K N , Rodionova A V , Yemelyanov A V , Skripnikova E V , Gorbunov A S , Bykovskaya O P , Koshen B
Published: November 2021

In order to study the spatial distribution of biological and ecological patterns of grass ecosystems, we conducted an agrolandscape-ecological zoning of the territory of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia (CCR) on the basis of the author’s methodology. According to the zoning data, it is established that 75% of the territory of the CCR belongs to the forest-steppe zone. The Central Russian province of the forest-steppe zone covers 67% of the territory of the CCR. Yeletsky district occupies the eastern spurs of the Central Russian upland. The area of the district is 1929.7 thousand hectares. Most of the district (90%) is located in the Lipetsk region, 10% – in the Kursk region. In the past, the watersheds of the district were occupied by meadow steppes and partly oak forests. Currently, more than 80% of the district’s territory is occupied by agricultural land (arable land, pastures, hayfields). The structure of land is dominated by arable land-67% of the total area of the district, pastures occupy 11%, hayfields – 3%, forests – 7%, shrubs – 2%, under water and swamps – 1%, other land – 8%. The grass ecosystems of the meadow steppes preserved along the gullies and slopes are mainly used as natural grasslands (NG) and make up 79% of all NG of the Yelets District. The most common are the downed tipchak pastures on the slopes of different steepness. The yield of these pastures is 8–12 centners per hectare of dry eaten mass.
Creation of a new breeding material for creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.) hay-pasture type using the hybridization method
Authors: Ivanova A A
Published: November 2021

The studies were carried out in the Moscow region in 2019-2021. In order to create a new breeding material for creeping hay-pasture clover, samples of the Lodian type (giganteum variety), characterized by high peduncles and longer leaf petioles, and a low content of hydrocyanic acid (0.3 mg%), were selected as parental forms. Reciprocal crossing was carried out. Hybrids F1 and F2 in the first year of life were assessed by the main economic and biological characteristics: the length of the peduncles, the number of inflorescences on the plant, fodder and seed productivity, early maturity, winter hardiness and other indicators. Based on the assessment results, the best hybrids and individual biotypes were identified.
Global climate change and the creation of adapted varieties of forage crops
Authors: Kostenko S I , Shamsutdinova E Z , Yu Novoselov M , Piskovatsky Yu M , Tyurin Yu S
Published: November 2021

In Russian agriculture, fodder crops play a huge role as a source of complete feed for animals and as the main factor in the greening of all agriculture. It is fodder crops that are the main factors for increasing the humus content in soils, as the main indicator of their fertility, it is they who can most successfully fight wind and water erosion, it is they who most successfully of all agricultural crops can grow on the poorest and most problematic soils (saline, arid, waterlogged, etc.) being pioneers for the cultivation of basic food crops. This predetermines the primary role of forage crops in responding to climate change throughout Eurasia. In the past periods of history, global climate change led to major social shocks precisely because of a sharp decline in agricultural production, crop failures, and even a subsequent decline in population in individual countries [1]. Timely response to such changes by creating varieties adapted to new limiting environmental factors will not only successfully overcome the expected crisis, but also benefit from such a change. In addition to using traditional methods, great hopes are pinned on the widespread use of modern genetic technologies, biochemical and physiological methods, methods of cell and tissue culture.
Agro-energy efficiency of improved technologies for the production of pasture fodder in upland meadows of the Central non-Chernozem region
Authors: A Kutuzova A , Kosolapov V M , Privalova K N , Provornaya E E , Sedova E G , Karimov R R
Published: November 2021

On the basis of a modern method of agro-energy assessment of anthropogenic non-renewable energy sources and natural renewable resources, scientific evidence of the high economic efficiency of green fodder production on cultivated pastures is presented. Two field experiments were carried out to improve the composition of cereal grasses with the participation of domestic zoned varieties of perennial ryegrass and festulolium, as well as similar grass mixtures with the inclusion of legumes: white clover and red clover. The total anthropogenic costs have been determined, the return on their exchange energy in the produced feed was 3-4 times and even 10 times, the role of natural factors in the structure of the obtained exchange energy was established. This serves as a theoretical basis for the indicators of the economic efficiency of cultivated pastures created using resource-saving technologies: mainly due to the long-term use of cereal grasses (for 14 years) or the supply of biological nitrogen on legume and cereal grasses, replacing the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of N126-131 per year (on average for 7 years) on dry meadows of the Non-Chernozem zone.
An innovative technical solution to the issue of conditioning forage grasses
Authors: A Otroshko S , Shevtsov A V , Sharikov N D
Published: November 2021

Acceleration of wilting of forage grasses treated during mowing by the working bodies of dynamic conditioners installed on disc mowers is a prerequisite for improving the quality of forage, primarily in terms of the concentration of high-quality protein, vitamins and other biologically active substances, as well as energy. The main working body of modern conditioning devices is a horizontal shaft rotating at a speed of 18-29 m / s with hinged beaters of various configurations placed on its surface, which ensure grass dragging along the surface of corrugated decks, through combs, etc. [1]. Such devices significantly increase the weight of the mowers, which increases their cost by about 1/3, and the use of an additional drive of the conditioner shaft leads to operational difficulties. In this regard, the search for innovative technical solutions aimed at improving this situation is a very urgent task. The article describes the design and principle of operation of a rotary conditioner with a vertical axis of rotation developed in Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production & Agroecology for the KR-2.1M mower of the “Agramak” company, the articulated beams of which are installed directly on its discs. The mower with an innovative conditioner was tested on a mixture of reed fescue with clover of the first cut and on tetraploid meadow fescue of the second. The yield of green mass, the composition of the herbage, its height and lodging, as well as the phase of development were determined in accordance with the guidelines for conducting field experiments with forage crops. The work of the mower was evaluated according to GOST 28722-90. The article presents data on the degree of damage to treated plants and the dynamics of the rate of their dehydration.
Productivity Of Grain Crops In The Conditions Of The Training And Experimental Field Of Orenburg State Agricultural University
Authors: Rekunova O A , Yartsev G F , Baikasenov R K , Aisuvakova T P , Kartabayeva B B , Tseiko V I , Kosolapov V M
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the topic of scientific research is associated with the biological characteristics of the studied grain crops in specific natural and climatic conditions. The purpose of this work was to identify the potential capabilities of various grain crops in terms of yield and quality indicators of grain in the central zone of the Orenburg region. Food security of the population in the overwhelming majority of countries is most often associated with the provision of grain. At present, despite the active introduction of modern agricultural equipment and innovative technologies into the world agricultural production, it is not possible to achieve a significant increase in gross grain harvests. The level of its production is still insufficient to fully meet the growing needs of the rapidly growing population. According to the expert assessment of domestic scientists, in the conditions of modern natural and anthropogenic changes in the environment, Russia can play an important role in stabilizing the world grain production, which has sufficiently high natural, intellectual and technical resources for this. Their effective and rational use on the basis of nature-like, ecologically-oriented agricultural technologies can make a significant contribution to increasing food stability. Meeting the needs of cultivated plants in the elements of mineral nutrition was reduced mainly to the mobilization of soil fertility, i.e. depletion of humus reserves. As a result, in most of the grain-sowing regions of Russia, and primarily in the regions of the steppe zone, its negative balance has developed. It is quite obvious that these circumstances are a serious obstacle to sustainable grain production and can lead to even greater degradation of disturbed soils, disruption of the biological balance in agroecosystems and a reduction in biological diversity.
Mobilization Of Genetic Resources Of Hyssopus Officinalis L. For Selection For Seed Productivity And Essential Oil Content
Authors: Cherniavskih V I , Dumacheva E V , Zejko V I , Filatov S V , Tsugkiev B G , Tsugkieva V B
Published: November 2021

We studied 52 varieties and breeding samples from the collection of medicinal hyssop in the Botanical Garden of Belgorod State University (2017-2020). Of these, 16 varieties of domestic selection included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Russian Federation, as well as 33 breeding samples obtained by selection from wild cenopopulations of the Volokonovsky district of the Belgorod region and 3 breeding samples obtained by selection from local selection varieties ‘Volokonovsky’ (2 samples) and ‘Lazar’ (1 sample). As a standard for the evaluation of varieties and breeding samples in the collection nursery, the variety ‘Volokonovsky [[CHECK_SINGLEQUOT_ENT]] was selected. The research was carried out in the framework of joint research programs with the federal research centers of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Williams Research Center for Forage Production & Agroecology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology. From the forms of various ecological and geographical origin, 11 breeding samples were identified: 2 varieties (‘Volokonovsky’-CPI – 114, ‘Lazar’-CPI – 126), and 9 selections from natural populations and varieties (CPI-03, CPI-04, CPI-28, CPI-29, CPI-30, CPI-31, CPI-32, CPI-33, CPI-34), which have a complex of useful features: long flowering (56-62 days), bush height-50-67 cm and dense structure of bushes; leafiness at the level of 60-67%. They are highly productive: the dry matter yield is 3.5-4.4 kg / m2, the seed yield is 30.1-45.4 g*(m) −2. At the same time, two breeding samples have a high level of essential oil content: CPI-33 – 0.67%, CPI-34 – 0.61%, which allows us to consider them as a source material for selection on this basis.
Economic efficiency of creation and use of long-term hayfields on dry lands of the Non-Chernozem zone
Authors: Kutuzova A A , Kosolapov V M , Teberdiev D M , Rodionova A V , Provornaya E E , Jezmer N V , Zapivalov S A
Published: November 2021

In order to accelerate the implementation of improved technologies, taking into account the requirements of a market economy, the economic assessment of the creation and use of long-term haymaking was carried out according to five technological systems of management, using the methodology approved by the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (1995). On long-term haymaking (75 years of life) over the past 28 years, productivity in extensive low-cost management systems amounted to 1.9-3.9 thousand fodder. units / ha, conditionally net income 11.7-13.2 thousand rubles / ha, with a production profitability of 52-174%. In intensive technological systems, the productivity of long-term haymaking increased to 3.4-4.5 thousand fodder. units / ha, conditionally net income from 11.9 to 16.2 thousand rubles / ha, with a production profitability of 56-60%. Extensive management systems can be used on farms with limited material and technical resources. Capital costs for the creation of long-term haymaking during the development period (2 years) amounted to 32.5 thousand rubles / ha, which paid off in 1.4-3.0 years, the annual production costs for five technological systems - 6.6-28, 3 thousand rubles per year, 40-75% of them were hay bales, with a feed unit cost of 3.5-6.4 rubles. The creation of long-term hayfields on the basis of self-renewing cereal species of phytocenosis allows saving material resources for re-planting herbage by 8-10 times, providing animals with high-quality hay, and reducing the volume of concentrates in the winter stall period.
Productivity And Quality Of Spring Soft Wheat Grain Depending On Root Feeding With Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizers On Black Soils Of South Orenburg Region
Authors: Ibragimova R R , Yartsev G F , Baikasenov R K , Aysuvakova T P , Kartabayeva B B , Tseiko V I , Kosolapov V M
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the topic of scientific research is associated with the use of new liquid fertilizers and a growth regulator in spring wheat crops to increase the yield and quality of grain in the central zone of the Orenburg region. Ensuring food security today is becoming one of the most urgent tasks set by the government of the Russian Federation for domestic agriculture. To solve this problem, it is necessary, first of all, to increase the yield of agricultural crops, rationally using all the factors affecting it. One of these factors is the timely and sufficient application of mineral fertilizers, the cost of which largely determines the size of the cost of production. The emergence of precision farming is associated, first of all, with the improvement of all types of agricultural machinery and technologies, as well as with the rapid development of computer technology, methods of computer modeling and information technology. The integrating basis of the technology is geographic information systems that allow registering and processing information characterizing the state of soil and crops. This information makes it possible to effectively use one of the most significant resources in crop production - mineral fertilizers.
Identification Of Component Components Of Soil Mixtures To Increase The Survival Rate Of Wheat
Authors: Sviridova L L
Published: November 2021

The article considers the parameters indicating the influence of the prepared soil mixtures on the root system of spring wheat of the AGATA variety (Russia) in laboratory conditions. The options being considered are preparatory aspects in the development of methodological aspects for improving the soil with sapropel deposits of the Lower Volga region.
Study Of Selected Objects Of The Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain
Authors: Sviridova L L
Published: November 2021

This article presents the results of field studies of selected objects of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain Natural-territorial complex.
Agroecosystem Stability In Spring Wheat Crops With The Application Of Fertilizers And Microbial Biological Products
Authors: Alferov A A , Chernova L S
Published: November 2021

The formation of spring wheat biomass on sod-podzolic soil is carried out mainly due to soil nitrogen, the share of which reaches 1/3 of the total removal of the element when using mineral fertilizers. Inoculation of spring wheat seeds with biologics of rhizosphere microorganisms increases the nitrogen content of fertilizers to 7.3%, increases its immobilization by 5.9-6.7% and reduces losses by 7.4-13.9%. The stability of the agroecosystem is characterized by nitrogen flows. During the growing season of spring wheat with a hydrothermal coefficient of 1.55-1.72, the amount of mineralized nitrogen (mineralization (M)), depending on fertilizers, reaches 9.4-11.1 g/m2, while the reimobilized nitrogen (reimobilization (RI)) – 2.2-3.1 g/m2, net-mineralized (net-mineralization (N-M)) – 6.8 - 8.0 g/m2. The use of nitrogen fertilizers and biological products leads the agroecosystem to the resistance mode (the maximum permissible level of exposure) (RI : M = 27-28%, N-M : RI = 2.5-2.7).
Responsibility for land damage: a comparative analysis of the criminal legislation of Russia and some foreign countries
Authors: Yu Fyodorovich V , Kuzmin N A , Zavyalov I A , Chugunov A A , Boitsova Zh A
Published: November 2021

In order to find a solution to the existing practical issues of applying the norms of the domestic criminal law in the field of land damage, the analysis of foreign legislation related to criminal pollution and land damage is carried out. Comparative analysis allows us to identify the directions of development of law in the field under study in different cultural environments.
Types of biologically active substances, methods of their application as factors of increasing resistance of varieties of various potatoes in an effort to realize greater productivity when exposed to pathogenic organisms
Authors: Sevostyanova E P , Sevostyanov M A , Glinushkin A P
Published: November 2021

All countries in the world strive not to repeat the potato famine of Ireland. Potatoes infect more than 100 pathogens, one of the most serious is late blight. In the world, the average loss of potato yield from late blight is 10-15% per year. This article briefly discusses various safe, effective and environmentally friendly methods of preventing and controlling late blight of potatoes.