bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring The Model of Implementation of Islamic Law in Indonesia
Authors: Rajafi Ahmad , Salma Salma , Adilah Naili , Hamhij Hamhij , Ladiqi Suyatno
Published: January 2022

This article aims to explore the models of application of Islamic law in Indonesia by the State, ranging from traditional to modern, including aspects of reform. This research found the fact that at the beginning of the entry of Islam to the archipelago, the propagators of Islam had partially applied Islamic law, especially after the establishment of Islamic kingdoms in several areas. However, after the establishment of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the model of applying Islamic law underwent renewal with formalistic, religious-ethics, and convergence models. Unfortunately, in the production stage, the implementation encountered many obstacles because it had to enter the realm of practical politics. Therefore, its development continues to move partially, such as the issuance of the Marriage Law, Zakat, Hajj, and so on, including through material review in the Constitutional Court.
Political Dynamics of Muhammadiyah and Its Relevance to the Concept of the State in Islam
Authors: Bakry Kasman , Asse Ambo , Syamsuddin Darussalam , Salenda Kasjim , Shaari Roziana
Published: January 2022

This study describes the political dynamics of Muhammadiyah and its relevance to the constitutional concept from Islamic political perspective. This research uses descriptive, and historical approach. The results of the study finds out: First, the characteristics of an Islamic state are applying God's law, adopting a form of leadership, being universal, not totalitarian, and applying a humane leadership pattern. This character is supported by a leadership system based on basic principles in the Islamic state (al-mabda 'al-asāsī fi dawlah al-Islamiyyah) which includes: trustworthiness (al-amānah), deliberation (al-syūrā), equality (al- musāwā), justice (al-'adālah), and plurality (al-ta 'addudiyya). Second, the Muhammadiyah doctrine originates from the al-Qur'an and al-Hadith and contains a system of beliefs, thoughts, and actions which, as a whole,  is accumulated into the ideology and values of the Muhammadiyah movement. This doctrine is then outlined in Muhammadiyah's statute and Bylaws (AD/ART) and covers all steps and strategies for the struggle, personality, beliefs and way of life of Muhammadiyah. Third, political theology and universal and fundamental religious understanding serve as guidelines, and at the same time, as the blueprint for Muhammadiyah's political midset which is implemented through political and cultural channels in the realm of high, allocative politics.
Community Response to the Health Protocols in Organizing Weddings Ceremony During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosyid Ahmad Zaenur , Sholihah Hidayatus , Cholil Arief
Published: January 2022

Government regulations regarding health protocols during the Covid-19 pandemic have resulted in many impacts and dilemmatic atmosphere in almost all community activities relating to the economic, social, political, and religious fields. This effect can be seen clearly in all community activities, including in the implementation of wedding ceremonies and receptions. This study tries to identify the impact of these regulations on wedding traditions in the North Coast region of Java, precisely in Winong and Pucakwangi sub-districts, South Pati. The research focuses on two types of activities, namely the process of wedding ceremony and the wedding reception. This qualitative research uses a socio-normative approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation which were then analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Interviews were conducted with some prospective bride and groom couples and marriage registrats in the local area. This study found that citizens,  starting from the general public to the social, political, and religious leaders, tend not to care about the provisions on health protocols regulated by the government. This tendency can be seen in the public's response to these provisions at the time of marriage, which can be classified into three types of groups, namely affirmative, conditional-adaptive, and ignorance
The Effectiveness of Zakat Distribution at the National Zakat Agency
Authors: Kamaludin Yusup Deni , Sobana Dadang Husen , Fachrurazy Fachrurazy
Published: January 2022

The effectiveness of zakat management in Indonesia can be seen from how far the zakat funds can be collected and properly distributed to the right people (mustahiq) by the zakat management agencies. This study aims to determine the extent of the collection, management, and distribution of zakat and its effect on the efficiency of zakat distribution by the National Zakat Agency in the 2008-2019 periods. This research uses the combination of qualitative and quantitative research, which the data source refers to the annual financial report of the National Zakat Management Agency in the 2008-2019 periods. Analysis of the Data uses the descriptive-qualitative and statistical-quantitative through correlation and linear regression tests. The results of this study show: first, the regulation of zakat has not been fully implemented in practice, so that the distribution of zakat has no positive and significant effect on the efficiency of zakat distribution; second, the role of zakat management institutions has no significant effect on the efficiency of zakat distribution in Indonesia; and third, the distribution of zakat and the role of zakat management institutions have no simultaneously positive and significant effect on the efficiency of zakat distribution in Indonesia, which is shown through the results of the significance test (F test) and the coefficient of determination test, as evidenced by the calculation results of the determination test only 19.1%, while the remaining 80.9% are other factors that are not studied. The implication of the results of this study is the management of zakat management must be improved so that its distribution becomes more effective and efficient.
Analysis of Cohesivenes in Descriptive text Written by Undergraduate Students
Authors: Pahrul Hadi Muhammad Zaki
Published: January 2022

Cohesiveness or the use of cohesive devices is a critical aspect of writing skill. It is one of the primary characteristics that should be mastered when writing well. The purpose of this article was to examine the use of cohesive devices in descriptive text written by undergraduate students in the Banking Department of STIE KERJASAMA Yogyakarta's third semester. This study examined the use of cohesive devices in each of the students' descriptive texts. The study's data set consisted of ten texts. The study identified four significant findings by employing a mixed research design and drawing on Halliday and Hasan's (1976) influential theory of cohesion. To begin, students' English texts contain a variety of cohesive devices (reference, conjunction, substitution, ellipses, and lexical cohesion). Whereas there are three types of cohesive devices that are frequently used in texts: reference, lexical cohesion, and conjunction. The study's findings have repercussions for pedagogy, theory, academic writing, and future research.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN ENGLISH FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL) TEACHING
Authors: Elmahida Hani , Elbalqis Putri
Published: January 2022

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) useful to support English Language Teaching (ELT) for foreign language. However, this world particularly needs human resources who mastering English material and modern technology. The objective of this paper was to examine the utilization of ICT while conduct autonomous learning also to ensure teachers' abilities in the implementation of social media technology to support English Foreign Language (EFL) teaching classes. The survey used with collecting data from several young teachers by descriptive-qualitative method. Data showed four from six respondents already known ICT as well, automatically those five young teachers have appropriate ELT tools by various social media. Basically, teachers understand how important student-centered to be conducted particularly in EFL classes. In contrast, it was not balanced with the idea to develop ICT while designing interactive modern learning classes. Then, one case was found in the previous survey to be precise with high school teachers. Senior teachers just utilize one or two ICT tools in the ELT classes. The limitation of tools could make the output and outcome of the learning process is not optimal. Furthermore, this paper shows the importance of ICT integration tools and ELT which should be mastered by teachers in 4.0 era.
Development of Mixed Learning Media (MLM) Assisted by Student Worksheet on The Topic of The Effect of Molarity on Light Index
Authors: Baifeto Ekri Pranata Ferdinand , Aulia Maghfira , Hasbi Julia Edwina , Sundari Resti , Rusdiana Dadi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop mixed learning media (MLM) and test the feasibility of learning media. The study was conducted using the research and development method which refers to the ADDIE model with four main steps, analysis, design, development, and implementation. The instrument used is a questionnaire consisting of a learning media questionnaire, student worksheet questionnaire, and student response questionnaire. Respondents in this study were 4 eleventh grade students. The results showed the feasibility of learning media with a score of 92.5%; in the aspect of serving by 93.3%; on the aspect of the feasibility of the content of 91.6%; on the language aspect by 91.5%; 95.8% on the concept and task aspects. Based on the results of the validation score, the student worksheet was declared very valid. Based on the results of student questionnaire data, an average score of 94.9%. The results showed that the learning media were valid and practical to use for virtual experiments.
Student Resource on Newton’s Law Concepts Reviewing from Gender: Identification Using Open-Ended Questions
Authors: Meiliani Meiliani , Tanti Tanti , Sulman Fauzan
Published: January 2022

This article aims to find out the resources activated by students in solving Newton’s laws in terms of gender. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with two open test instruments. This research was conducted on 10th-grade students at SMK N 1 Muaro Jambi with 11 female students and 11 male students. The facts obtained in this study indicate that students’ thinking about Newton’s law is still lacking during the learning process. Based on the analysis results of the level of understanding of student concepts, female students understand better than male students. Overall, students fail to summon relevant knowledge when facing problems in the form of phenomena. In addition, they failed to use the knowledge they gained to answer questions. Students’ abilities are activated when they understand a phenomenon influenced by students’ original ideas from their personal experiences.
Analyzing Learning Obstacle with Didactical Design Research on Three Dimensional Distance Material
Authors: Dharma Dian , Kamid Kamid , Yantoro Yantoro
Published: January 2022

he purpose of this study was to analyze the barriers to learning three-dimensional distance material using Didactical Design Research (DDR). The subjects of this study were two groups of class 12. The instruments used in this study were pretest (initial test) and post test (final test) which consisted of a test of the respondent’s ability, interview sheets, and observation notes. The data obtained were analyzed using three DDR steps: (1) didactic situation analysis by recontextualizing, repersonalizing, and developing didactic designs which include PDA (Pedagogical Didactic Anticipation); (2) metapedadidactic analysis by applying PDA; and (3) retrospective analysis linking didactic and metapedadidactic situations. The results showed that the identified learning obstacles can be anticipated by using PDA. The application of the didactic learning design shows that this design can be an alternative to third-dimensional distance learning in grade 12 because it can minimize student learning barriers that have been identified previously.
Design and Performance Evaluation of Low-Speed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines with Wind Boosters using CFD Analysis
Authors: Singh Sardar Karanjeet , Vishwakarma Shravan
Published: January 2022

The use of wind based energy is quickly expanding over the planet. The goal of this study is to use computational methods of fluid dynamics to develop a novel model of VAWT including Windbooster for various rotor blades like two, three, and four blades in order to enhance effectiveness. CAD modelling approaches of vertical axis wind turbines including and excluding booster are created. Including all vertical axis wind turbine blade designs including and excluding booster, torque, power, and Coefficient of performance are compared.The performance of three blades on the basis of mechanical properties includingi wind amplifier is 29.9% greater than two blades using wind amplifier, and four blades using wind amplifier is 21.5 percent greater than three blades using wind amplifier, according to the findings. Because the mechanical energy created by a four-blade wind booster wasn't as great as it is including three blades, VAWT employing three-blade wind booster seems to be more effective than VAWT with a two- or four-blade wind booster. For improved mechanical durability, VAWT with three-blade wind amplifier is recommended.
A Review on Zero Energy Building Using LED DC Luminaries and Daylight Harvesting Systems
Authors: Patil Gaurav , Vishwakarma Shravan
Published: January 2022

The construction sector currently accounts for about a third of global energy consumption and a large part of this consumption is directly attributed to the design and construction of buildings. A wide range of measures has been adopted and implemented to actively promote better energy efficiency in buildings, including the ZEB (Zero Energy Building) concept, which is a realistic solution for reducing CO2 emissions.The zero-energy construction is discussed in this article. Energy resources have been described. NZEB's goal is not only to minimize the building's energy consumption by using passive design methods but also to design a building that reconciles energy needs with active techniques and renewable technologies.
Tingkat Kepuasan Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Apotek di Kabupaten Purwakarta Selama Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Mardiana Lina Aliyani , Frianto Dedy , Arfania Maya
Published: January 2022

Penelitian memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap kualitas pelayanan apotek di kabupaten Purwakarta Jawa Barat selama pandemi covid-19, sehingga diketahui seberapa besar persentase lima dimensi kualitas pelayanan juga presentase tingkat interpretasi konsumen terhadapat kualitas pelayanan apotek di kabupaten Purwakarta tersebut. Data diperoleh dengan cara penyebaran kuisioner menggunakan google formulir lewat grup whatsapp, responden sejumlah 60 orang, dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel yakni nonprobability sampling, menggunakan metode accidental sampling.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengukuran lima dimensi kualitas pelayanan apotek di kabupaten Purwakarta, diperoleh persentase rata-rata dari dimensi bukti langsung (tangibles) 45,43%, keandalan (reability) 52,80%, ketanggapan (responsiveness) 55,83%, jaminan (assurance) 50,00%, dan perhatian (empathy) 52,53%, serta persentase tingkat interpretasi kualitas pelayanan apotek di kabupaten Purwakarta selama pandemi covid-19 ada di kisaran angka interpretasi 41% - 60%, yaitu sedang, dengan nilai rata-rata kelima dimensi 51,32%. Kualitas pelayanan apotek yang meliputi 5 dimensi kualitas pelayanan, dengan nilai tertinggi pada dimensi ketanggapan (responsiveness) 55,83%, dan nilai terendah pada dimensi bukti langsung (tangibles) 45,43%.
Limbah Biji Buah Pepaya sebagai Pemutih dengan Mekanisme Penghambatan Tirosenase
Authors: Latu Saparuddin , Nur Sapriati Aisyah , Azizi Musdar Tamzil , Wahid Hilmiati
Published: January 2022

Pemanfaatan kosmetik  tradisional sebagai upaya pemeliharaan kecantikan  berupa kosmetik tradisional  oleh masyarakat terus meningkat. Tidak hanya racikan sendiri, produk kosmetik  tradisional saat inipun telah banyak beredar. Biji pepaya merupakan limbah dari pepaya yang tidak digunakan oleh masyarakat sehingga perlu diteliti kemanfaatannya dengan penghambatan terhadap enzim tyrosinase. Biji papaya (Carica papaya seed) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yaitu kaempferol dan quercetin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil penghambatan enzim tyrosinase dar biji papaya yang akan membuat kulit menjadi lebih putih. Pengujian ini menggunakan tiga jenis ekstrak biji pepaya dengan variasi cairan penyari (methanol, n-Heksane, air) dan dilakukan pengujian terhadap penghambatan enzim tyrosinase. Dipoeroleh penghambatan IC50 177 ppm. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak biji papaya (Carica papaya) dengan perbedaan cairan penyari memiliki efektivitas sebagai krim pemutih.
The Development of Practice in Permeation Grouting by using Fine-grained Cement Suspensions
Authors: Christodoulou Dimitrios , Lokkas Philotheos , Droudakis Alexandros , Spiliotis Xenofon , Kasiteropoulou Dorothea , Alamanis Nikolaos
Published: January 2022

Grouting includes a range of processes that involve the injection of wet or dry materials into the ground to provide improved engineering properties. Common aims are to increase strength or stiffness or to reduce permeability within the mass of ground treated. This paper, mainly, addresses permeation grouting for the improvement of soils, in terms of strengthening or reduction of permeability, and compensation grouting for the displacement of structures during subsurface exploration. The grouts used to make permeation grouting are suspensions and chemical solutions. The suspensions penetrate well into soils with granulometry up to coarse sand. On the contrary, the chemical solutions penetrate satisfactorily in finer formations up to fine sands or coarse sludges. Because some chemical solutions are toxic or generally harmful to the environment and humans, an effort has been made internationally in recent years to replace them with inorganic fine-grained suspensions.
Multiple sclerosis – new perspectives
Authors: Selmaj Krzysztof
Published: January 2022

Interview
Experience in the use of olanzapine in an inpatient ward – clinical cases
Authors: Łuc Mateusz , Rymaszewska Joanna
Published: January 2022

Treating both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder require chronic drug therapy that must be chosen after careful consideration of the gains and losses associated with it. Hence, the process of the drug selection must take into account both the profile of patient’s symptoms and his coexisting diseases as well as the patient’s tolerance of earlier therapies. Olanzapine reduces positive symptoms of psychosis and enables stabilization in terms of affective episodes via blocking dopaminergic receptors. An important problem related to olanzapine therapy is its negative effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. For this reason, appropriate information for the patient and implementation of appropriate prophylaxis, including monitoring of metabolic parameters, are recommended. Despite the risk of metabolic complications in some patients, olanzapine remains at the forefront of antipsychotic drugs, due to the good balance of benefits and losses associated with pharmacotherapy. In this paper, we present two clinical cases of patients who have been treated with olanzapine for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Irritable bowel syndrome – a common problem, individual approach
Authors: Skrzydło-Radomańska Barbara , Sapilak Bartosz J.
Published: January 2022

Irritable bowel syndrome is a recurrent abdominal pain that occurs at least once a week for 3 months, with symptoms at least 6 months associated with at least two features: bowel movements, change in bowel frequency, change in the appearance of stools. According to the Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria, the disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms. This does not apply to people over 50 years of age (and in the case of first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer after 45 years of age) and patients with alarm symptoms. Due to the lack of a single etiological factor, the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome consists in reducing symptoms and improving the patient’s quality of life. Non-pharmacological treatment includes a high-fiber diet and modification of the microbiota. The most effective drugs are antispasmodics directly affecting the smooth muscle, inhibiting the influx of calcium, i.e. drotaverine, mebeverine and alverine. There has been proven effectiveness of antidepressants. This confirms that functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are a manifestation of the dysfunction of the brain–gut–microbiota axis.
Modern treatment of patients with arterial hypertension and chronic coronary syndrome
Authors: Łukasiewicz Maria , Mamcarz Artur
Published: January 2022

Approximately 1,2 billion people worldwide suffer from arterial hypertension. Among these patients, less than half receive effective treatment. Poor blood pressure control contributes to the development of complications such as stroke or coronary artery disease. A patient with such complications automatically becomes a patient at very high cardiovascular risk, and thus requires personalized and effective treatment, not only of hypertension, but also of its complications. Despite the advancement of the disease, lifestyle modification and correct choice of pharmacotherapy can protect the patient from developing heart failure and prevent acute cardiovascular events.
Irritable bowel syndrome during the epidemic. Observations after 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Janiak Maria
Published: January 2022

Irritable bowel syndrome remains the most frequent cause of patients reporting to gastroenterology outpatient clinic. In the era of COVID-19 pandemic and anxiety, difficult direct contact to their physician, worse experiencing the isolation, expressed in patients’ non-complience to social distancing rules, leads to deterioration of symptoms, and consequently decreased life quality. The multitude of symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome often requires therapy with more than one medication. In the diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome mebeverine remains useful for over 60 years.
Hematology Profile of Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis Patients at Siti Rahmah Hospital, Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Anggraini Debie , Oktora Meta Zulyati
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is a progressive granulomatous infectious disease caused by Gram-positive acid-resistant bacilli classified in the genus Mycobacterium. Tuberculosis in humans is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and it mainly infects the lungs, although it can also infect intestines, meninges, bones, lymph nodes, skin that cause extra-pulmonary TB. Tuberculous lymphadenitis is an inflammatory process in lymph nodes as a result of MTB activity. The inflammatory process caused by MTB activity is often associated with anemia as the most common complication. Anemia in TB is caused by an inflammatory process associated with bone marrow suppression due to pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. This chronic TB infection also affects iron hemostasis, thus further affecting the hematological profile of TB patients. This study aimed to determine the hematology profile of TB lymphadenitis patients in the Siti Rahmah Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. This was a descriptive study, with a population of patients diagnosed with TB lymphadenitis based on the results of a fine needle biopsy in the Colli region. The samples of this study consisted of 24 patients who have tested the hematology profile. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis patients in females were higher than males, the mean age was 26.75±19.53 years old dominated by an adult (54%). The mean of 3 hemoglobin levels was 11.8±1.522 g/dL, with 62.5% anemia patients. The mean leukocyte count was 10400±3018.926/mm , 3 with 54.2% of patients had normal levels of leukocyte. The mean of thrombocyte count was 334750±74440.668/mm , with 83.3% in normal levels and the mean of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) was 35.25±31.489 mm/h, with 54.2% patients in high ESR. Hematology profile in TB lymphadenitis patient was anemia, normal levels of leukocytes, thrombocyte, and increased levels of ESR.
Hematology and Iron Status Evaluation Based on Donation Characteristics in Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta
Authors: Anshori Fuad , Ratnaningsih Tri , Triyono Teguh
Published: January 2022

Blood donation will reduce iron storage in the body. A high frequency of donations and short interval inter-donations may increase the risk of iron deficiency. In Indonesia, detection of iron deficiency in blood donors is not a routine procedure. Therefore, the comparison of hematology and iron status based on donor characteristics is not widely known. For a month, this study was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Blood Transfusion Service Unit, Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Subjects were routine blood donors who met the criteria for donor selection; however, subjects were excluded if the CRP level was > 10 g/L and had a history of iron supplementation. Subjects were divided based on donation frequency and blood donation interval. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare variables among groups with a statistical significance of p < 0.05. This study involved 145 subjects who met the criteria. Blood donations more than 20 times showed the lowest ferritin levels and iron saturation (16.9 ng/mL and 15.08%). Ferritin levels were also increased in line with the donation interval (35.5 ng/mL; 75.3 ng/mL; 92.7 ng/mL every three months). However, the hematological parameters and iron saturation did not differ significantly based on the donation interval. Hematological parameters are easy and fast procedures but have limitations in the early detection of iron deficiency. Serum ferritin has higher specificity, but its level is affected by inflammatory conditions. Ferritin levels were consistently at the lowest level in the subjects with the highest risk of iron deficiency compared to hematologic and iron saturation parameters.
Analysis of MTb Rapid Molecular Test Performance Towards Microscopical Acid Fast Bacilli Examination at Labuang Baji General Hospital
Authors: Khair Ummul , Kadir Nursin Abd , Rusli Benny
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem, which is the third leading cause of death of all infectious diseases aroundthe world, included Indonesia. Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear and rapid molecular assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)are the old and new examinations required for MTB laboratory diagnosis. This study aimed to compare the performance ofMTB rapid molecular assay and AFB smear in diagnosis and screening for TB patients. This observational retrospective studyused a cross-sectional approach, with a purposive sampling technique of 559 patients with suspected TB in Labuang BajiHospital, Makassar. This study was conducted from March 2019 to June 2019 by taking data from medical records fromJanuary 2018 to December 2018 at Labuang Baji Hospital, Makassar. Three hundred and forty-nine subjects were males(62.4%), and 210 subjects were females (37.6%). This study revealed sensitivity and specificity of 98.57% and 84.96%,respectively for MTB rapid molecular assay, and 68.65% and 99.44%, respectively for AFB smear, this shows that MTB rapidmolecular assay was superior to AFB smear in diagnosing TB patients.
POSSIBILITY OF NEW LYMPHATIC PATHWAY CREATION THROUGH NEO-LYMPHANGIOGENESIS INDUCED BY SUBDERMAL DISSECTION
Authors: Yamamoto T. , Yamamoto N.
Published: January 2022

Surgical intervention and subsequent wound healing process are known to induce neo-lymphangiogenesis, but few studies have been reported to utilize this mechanism for lymphedema treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility of subdermal dissection for neo-lymphangiogenesis induction (SDN) to treat lower extremity lymphedema (LEL). Medical records of secondary LEL patients who had undergone ICG lymphography and SDN procedure were reviewed. SDN was performed by dissecting fat tissues just below the dermis from the most proximal area showing dermal backflow through abdominal-toaxillary lymphatic pathways. Perioperative lymphedematous conditions were evaluated with lymphedema quality of life score (LeQOLiS) and LEL index. Seventeen female patients were included. SDN could be performed in 10 minutes on average without postoperative complication. Postoperative ICG lymphography showed new lymphatic pathways in 6 (35.3%) cases. Postoperative LeQOLiS ranged from 9 to 66, which was statistically lower than preoperative LeQOLiS (32.9 ± 19.2 vs. 36.6 ± 19.3, p = 0.048), whereas there was no statistically significant difference between pre- and post-operative LEL index (275.2 ± 23.3 vs. 270.5 ± 20.8, P = 0.073). Subdermal dissection, although its probability is not high, has a potential to induce neo-lymphangiogenesis. Further studies are required to improve and demonstrate efficacy of the procedure for new lymphatic pathway creation.
Motifs of homosexuality in Virginia Woolf’s Orlando
Authors: Kellerová Nina , Reid Eva
Published: January 2022

To avoid the stigma of societal dissaproval, love for somebody of the same sex has often been hidden from the declinatory views of the public; however, it has also been secretively transcribed into a broad spectrum of art. Virginia Woolf embroidered her homosexuality into the grotesque lines of Orlando. At the time, Woolf was engaged in an intense lesbian relationship with author Vita Sackville-West, who served as a model for the work’s main character. Woolf proclaimed her masterpiece “A Biography”, mirroring the duality of her own and Vita’s character, the perpetual beauty of the book’s hero, enduring for centuries, and his subtle gender transition. In the paper, we discuss some of the homosexual motifs in Orlando, which were formed by different influences, including the queer movement, ancient Greek literature and feminism.
Spontaneous Cormophytes from the Romanian Flora Known as Medicinal Plants in Other Countries?
Authors: Costică Mihai , Stratu Anisoara , Costică Naela
Published: January 2022

Romania's medicinal flora is an important source of raw material for pharmacological research and drug production. By consulting the pharmacological literature on authenticated scientific sources such as Google Scholar, 15 species of medicinal plants existing in the Romanian flora, but not used in the traditional Romanian medicine, were identified. In accordance with the World Health Organization's call on all countries to use traditional medicine in primary care, we set out to help complete the list of medicinal plants in Romania using information from traditional medicine in other countries.
Malaria among Croatian seafarers between 2004 and 2014: evaluation of chemoprophylaxis use and occupational disease reporting
Authors: Žunić-Pedisić Fani , Knežević Bojana
Published: January 2022

In Croatia, malaria was eradicated in 1964 and has since been imported, ten cases a year in average, mostly by Croatian migrant workers, seafarers in particular. About 80 % of registered cases were infected in Africa and the main reason for infection was negligence in the use of chemoprophylaxis. The aim of the study was to establish the incidence of malaria among Croatian seafarers from 2004 to 2014, how many of them took chemoprophylaxis properly, and whether malaria was acknowledged as occupational disease. To get our answers we analysed epidemiological surveys of the Croatian Institute of Public Health completed by patients and reviewed epidemiological bulletins and the national Register of Occupational Diseases. Over the investigated period, a total of 102 people fell ill with malaria, of whom 25 were seafarers. Seventeen did not take chemoprophylaxis at all and eight took them without following instructions. In addition, none of them had malaria recognised as occupational disease under Croatian law, nor is there any information that they exercised their rights in any other way. All this clearly points out that seafarers and their employers need to be informed much better about the benefits of preventive measures and their labour rights.
Synthesis, characterization, and in silico analysis against SARS CoV-2 of novel benzimidazolium salts
Authors: Üstün Elvan , Şahin Neslihan
Published: January 2022

In acute conditions, vaccines are very important, although they provide antibodies for fighting against COVID-19 for a certain period. It is necessary to produce an anti-viral agent for a usual healing process against SARS CoV-2 which is responsible the pandemic we are living in. Many drugs with benzimidazole main scaffold are still used in a wide variety of treatment procedures. In this case, substituted benzimidazole structures could be good candidates for fighting against COVID-19. Theoretical calculation methods could be a key tool for overcome the difficulties of individual analyzing of each new structure. In this study, new benzimidazole structures were synthesized and characterized for in silico evaluation as anti-viral agent. The molecules were optimized and analyzed for reactivity with Koopmans Theorem. Also, molecular docking simulations were performed for SARS coronavirus main peptidase (PDB ID: 2GTB), COVID-19 main protease (PDB ID: 5R82), and papain-like protease of SARS CoV-2 (PDB ID: 6W9C) crystals.
Promoting Environmental Citizenship Through Local Socio-Cultural Traditions in Science Education
Authors: Häyrynen Simo , Keinonen Tuula , Kärkkäinen Sirpa
Published: January 2022

This article asks how the site-specific parameters of pro-environmental behaviour can be seen in educational doctrines and in the practices of science education, and what impact they have on the development of environmental citizenship. Environmental citizenship as an agent of change is key to sustainability transition. Our viewpoint is that a contextual resource doctrine provides a framework of people’s environmental values, meaning both the capacity to fulfil the requirements of the doctrine and the ability to critically reflect it by rational-scientific arguments. Thus, place-specificity and sense of place should be highlighted in citizenship science education. In order to explain the multi-scalar nature of learning requirements, we apply the idea of ‘trans-contextualisation’ in science education. In the article we use examples which are derived from university students’ favourite places reflecting sense of place as well as three cases, which start from the near secondary school students’ environment and discuss local environmental issues. In this study we used qualitative and quantitative research methods. The results show that by promoting contextually sensitive environmental citizenship through Socio-scientific Issues (SSI) in science education, we could accelerate the transition to sustainable future. If cultural traditions, anecdotal and local knowledge are not incorporated in the expert scientific knowledge, sustainability transition is constantly in danger for remaining an isolated activity in the shadow of resource realism.
Visual Compassion for Women’s Empowerment
Authors: Sakai Nanako
Published: January 2022

Little attention has been given to principles of Buddhist moral conduct in the West. There are ten virtuous actions of Buddhist moral conduct, called the Ten Virtuous Deeds of the Bodhisattvas. Drawing from the works of contemporary women thinkers and artists, this article considers how the beauty of human nature and spirituality can be cultivated based on Buddhist feminist perspectives. There are many oppressed women in Asian countries whose voices are not heard in society. Buddhist feminism based on the Ten Virtuous Deeds of the Bodhisattvas can probe deeply into the heart of the moral issues and nurture the powerful flow of spiritual energy for the women. This is a theoretical study that elaborates on women’s struggle for their liberation as inspired by the art of Rima Fujita.
Actual State of COVID-19 Strategy Meetings
Authors: Arai Takao , Saito Kengo , Hirai Yuji
Published: January 2022

The authors of this paper applied a new approach combining text mining and principal component analysis (PCA) to objectively determine the actual state of regional COVID-19 strategy meetings and verified its utility. The authors used text mining to analyze meeting minutes and extracted words with high phase ubiquity by co-occurrence analysis. Then, they selected words symbolizing the meeting contents (“report,” “prevention,” “rules,” and “decision”) and performed PCA using the occurrence rates of these words as variables. Two principal components (PC1, PC2) were set. For PC1, we observed maximum factor loading for “decision” (0.81) and minimum for “report” (-0.72), so we considered this axis to show the “depth of meeting discussions.” For PC2, we observed maximum factor loading for “prevention” (0.81) and minimum for “rule” (-0.76). We considered this axis to show “regional infection status.” When we created a plot of all 44 meetings, Phase 1 occurred in quadrants 3 to 4 (knowledge sharing), phase 2 began in quadrant 1 (preparation for spread), and phase 3 shifted to quadrant 2 (response to spread) with significant differences between these phases. Our findings suggest that the actual state of regional COVID-19 strategy meetings could be objectively determined by using a combination of text mining and PCA.
Panel Cointegration Analysis of Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Selected Balkan Countries
Authors: Kalaš Branimir , Mirović Vera , Milenković Nada
Published: January 2022

The issue of security and safety i s a fundamental condition for stable economic trends. Military expenditure can be a very powerful tool for a rapid economic growth. The paper examines the long-run relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in the selected Balkan countries, such as Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia for the period 2004-2018. The analysis implies a panel unit root test, a panel cointegration test, as well as a panel Granger causality test. The results have identified a long-run relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in the Balkan countries based on panel data analysis. Also, empirical findings have confirmed that shock experience in one of the countries’ military expenditure and economic growth have effect on other countries. Finally, the results have determined unidirectional causality from military expenditure to economic growth in these countries and not vice versa.
Medicinal Mushrooms Ophiocordyceps Sinensis and Paecilomyces Hepiali
Authors: Uhrinová A. , Ungvarská Maľučka L.
Published: January 2022

The fungi of the genus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) belong to entomopathogenic fungi. Ophiocordyceps sinensis has been used as a tonic and medicinal product in China for more than 2,000 years. A number of scientific papers have described the clinical use of this parasitic fungus with subsequent biological and pharmacological effects. The various chemical compounds identified in these fungi are responsible for a wide range of biological activity: cordycepin, cordycepic acid, D-mannitol, polysaccharides, nucleotides, proteins, amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids. Our research focused on the determinations of the biologically active chemical compounds in extracts from cultivated Ophiocordyceps fungi using UV/VIS (Ultraviolet/Visible) spectrophotometry and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy. The testing of antimicrobial activity of extracts against the collection strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated that the percentage of RIZD (relative inhibition zone diameter) ranged from 83 % to 166 %. The increased antimicrobial activity against E. coli was observed in comparison with that against S. aureus.
Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosed Post Caesarean Surgery in a Three Year Old Boerboel Bitch
Authors: Ajadi T. A. , Mustapha L. , Oyenekan I. O. , Ilugbo M. O. , Adebiyi A. A. , Alamu A. O. , Makinde A. O. , Okpara E. O. , Adebayo O. O.
Published: January 2022

A three year old nulliparous Boerboel bitch presented with complaints of fever and inappetence six weeks after an elective caesarean section was diagnosed with an extrauterine foetus. A per-cutaneous abdominal ultrasound revealed a foetal sac showing a well-developed skeletal structure and the absence of foetal movement or heartbeat. During laparotomy, a foetal sac containing a dead foetus was located between the spleen and the stomach. The foetal sac was excised following ligation of its mesenteric attachment to the spleen. The previously operated uterus was observed to have involuted but revealed a small bud observed on the middle portion of the left uterine horn. The histological findings of the foetal sac revealed fibro-adipose tissue with numerous congested vessels. It was concluded that the Boerboel bitch had a secondary abdominal ectopic pregnancy and recommended that owing to the difficulty of diagnosing the condition before or during routine elective caesarean surgery, post-operative abdominal ultrasound would have been instructive.
Fascinating Dendritic Cells—Sentinel Cells of the Immune System a Review
Authors: Kiššová Z. , Tkáčiková Ľ.
Published: January 2022

Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized antigen presenting cells which have the unique ability to activate naive T-lymphocytes. Their role in the immune system is much more sophisticated than it seems, as they do not kill the pathogens directly, but provide a long-lasting antigen specific immune response thanks to that sufficiently bridging the innate and the adaptive immunity. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studies of their role in immune regulation, autoimmune reactions, as well as in immune responses against pathogens and tumours. Processing and presentation capabilities of a highly specific and unique tumour antigen makes them an interesting tool for stimulating effective anti-tumour immunity. In vitro generations of DC represent a preferred model for more detailed studies of DC biology in other fields. The aim of this review was to discuss the main role of dendritic cells in the body as well as their current use as experimental models for further scientific studies.
Genes of Congenital Dermatologic Disorders in Dogs—A Review
Authors: Malinovská Z. , Čonková E.
Published: January 2022

This article presents an overview of up-to-date identified genes responsible for congenital canine skin diseases of dogs and the characteristics of these diseases. Congenital skin diseases constitute a specific group of dermatologic disorders that plays an important role in breeding of purebred dogs. They include primary seborrhoea, ichthyosis, hereditary nasal parakeratosis, dermatomyositis, colour dilution alopecia, skin mucinosis, dermoid sinus, lethal acrodermatitis, acral mutilation syndrome, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, ichthyosiform dermatosis, bullous epidermolysis, exfoliative dermal lupus erythematosus, congenital footpad hyperkeratosis and sebaceous adenitis. In the majority of cases, their occurrence is linked to particular breeds. In more than half of these diseases a specific defective gene variant responsible for the disease has been identified. Genetic tests for identification of the relevant defective genes serve as an important tool in the diagnostics of diseases in veterinary practice and in breeding of purebred dogs.
Occurrence of Biting Midges (Diptera: Culicoides) on Dairy Farms in Eastern Slovakia in Relation to Abiotic Factors
Authors: Kočišová A. , Kasičová Z. , Halán M. , Komorová P.
Published: January 2022

Within the scope of our research, we have performed 59 trapping sessions and collected 15,756 biting midges from 20 species at four farms (Kluknava, Ostrov, Turňa nad Bodovou and Zemplínska Teplica), The most frequent types of captured insects were representatives of the Avaritia subgenus, C. obsoletus/C. scoticus, representing on average 85.1 % (13,295 individuals) of the fauna of the biting midges, with the exception of the farm in Ostrov where this group represented only 41.7 % of the fauna. At this particular farm, the most frequently trapped insects belonged to the Culicoides subgenus (54.1 %), in particular the C. bysta, C. lupicaris, C. newsteadi, C. Pulicaris and C. Punctatus species. During the trapping sessions, we monitored factors affecting the number of trapped biting midges, such as the temperature, relative air humidity and airflow rate: the air temperature during the trapping of the biting midges ranged from 9.8 to 26.2 °C; the relative air humidity ranged from 35.1 to 100 %; and the air flow rate ranged from no wind to a wind velocity of 8.2 m.s-1. However, in the final evaluation, we failed to observe a statistically significant correlation between the air flow and the number of trapped biting midges. The largest amounts of biting midges were trapped at temperatures ranging from 15.8 to 24.6 °C and at a relative air humidity ranging from 54.2 % to 68.6 %. While monitoring the seasonal dynamics of the physiological conditions of biting midge females at the selected farms, we confirmed that during the period from June to August, the most frequently trapped females were parous (50.1 %; 7,826 individuals). In addition, nulliparous females comprised 43.8 % (6,842 individuals) and were continuously trapped throughout the season (April— November).
The Role of Lymphatic Marker Prox-1 in Relation to Brain Tumours
Authors: Teleky J. , Király J.
Published: January 2022

The homeobox gene, Prox-1 is a transcription factor essential for lymphatic development (lymphangiogenesis) during embryogenesis. It also performs different functions in various tissues such as: retina, lens, liver, pancreas and the central nervous system. Intense expression of Prox-1 has been demonstrated in the developing spinal cord and brain. In adulthood its expression continues in the hippocampus and cerebellum. In adult tissues the process of lymphatic vasculature formation is accompanied under certain pathological conditions such as inflammation, tissue repair and tumour growth. Prox-1 expression is typical for lymphatic vessels; thus it belongs to one of the most specific and widely used mammalian lymphatic endothelial marker in the detection of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel invasion in oncogenesis. It has been shown that Prox-1 is involved in cancer development and progression. It’s tumour suppressive and oncogenic properties are proven in several human cancers, including brain tumours. Among all body cancers the brain tumours represent the most feared tumours with very limited treatment options and a poor diagnosis. The aim of this paper was to show the current knowledge of the gene Prox-1 with an emphasis on brain tumours, especially in gliomas.