bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling programmable drug delivery in bioelectronics with electrochemical actuation
Authors: Avila Raudel , Li Chenhang , Xue Yeguang , Rogers John A. , Huang Yonggang
Published: March 2021

Significance

Drug delivery systems with electrochemical actuation offer programmable volume/flowrates in miniaturized form factors for in vivo pharmacological experiments in freely moving animals where flowrate control and delivery time are important. Here, we present an analytical model that accounts for all the problem variables influencing the drug delivery in nondimensional parameters for pressure, volume, and microfluidic channels. Variation of the nondimensional parameters provides a scalable relationship for the volume/flowrate and delivery time. This analytical model agrees well with experiments and gives researchers additional parameters when designing a programmable drug delivery system for neuroscience/clinical research.
Rapidly deployable and morphable 3D mesostructures with applications in multimodal biomedical devices
Authors: Zhang Fan , Li Shupeng , Shen Zhangming , Cheng Xu , Xue Zhaoguo , Zhang Hang , Song Honglie , Bai Ke , Yan Dongjia , Wang Heling , Zhang Yihui , Huang Yonggang
Published: March 2021

Significance

The ability to miniaturize deployable and morphable structures could significantly broaden their applications in biomedical, healthcare, and electronics devices, but remains to be very challenging, due to the difficulty to achieve considerable actuation deformations at small scales (e.g., several millimeters). Here, we present actuation schemes and design strategies to enable assembly of three-dimensional (3D) mesostructures that actively, rapidly, and reversibly deform (by nearly an order of amplitude in size) and switch among various stable states. These schemes provide routes to multimodal devices that actively change their functions following changes in shapes. A skin sensor that can actively switch between the deep and shallow sensing modes serves as an example to demonstrate the promising potential toward developments of multimodal biomedical devices.
Loss of expression of both miR-15/16 loci in CML transition to blast crisis
Authors: Lovat Francesca , Gasparini Pierluigi , Nigita Giovanni , Larkin Karilyn , Byrd John C. , Minden Mark D. , Andreeff Michael , Carter Bing Z. , Croce Carlo M.
Published: March 2021

Significance

The mechanisms that promote the transition from chronic phase to blast crisis (BC) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients are not fully described. Given the loss of miR-15/16 loci is critical in the development of myeloid and lymphocytic leukemia, here we evaluated the correlation between the expression of miR-15a/16 and miR-15b/16 with the transition of CML from chronic phase to BC. A significant reduction of miR-15a, miR-15b, and miR-16 expression and an overexpression of their targets, such as Bmi-1, ROR1, and Bcl-2, can describe the progression from chronic phase to BC. This study suggests that targeting different oncogenes activated by the same genetic/epigenetic alteration could represent an important advancement in the treatment of BC CML.
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Full Scale IQ of Male Admissions to a High Secure Psychiatric Hospital Over Six Decades
Authors: Murphy David , Mitchell Joanna , Vacher Joseph , Morley Emily Jane , Puzzo Ignazio
Published: March 2021

The present study describes the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) full scale IQ (FIQ) of admissions to one UK High Secure Psychiatric Care hospital. WAIS IV comparative data and the FIQ of admissions from the 1960s to the 2010s are presented (n = 639). Results suggest 75% of current admissions have FIQs within the ‘low average’ and ‘extremely low’ classifications, with significant discrepancies between composite scales being common and processing speed being the most compromised area of cognitive functioning. A one standard deviation decline in FIQs of admissions since the 1960s to the 2010s is also present. The results are discussed in terms of the changing clinical presentations of admissions, along with research and clinical implications.
A promising new γ-secretase modulator for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Dobrowolska Zakaria Justyna A. , Vassar Robert J.
Published: March 2021

Effective and safe treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been an elusive target for scientists who have been working tirelessly to gain control over a disease that is affecting millions of people, with continually rising case numbers as the population ages. However, in this issue of JEM, Rynearson et al. (2021. J. Exp. Med.https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20202560) present a beacon of hope for this field with a preclinical evaluation of a potent and robust γ-secretase modulator (GSM).
Defect agglomeration induces a reduction in radiation damage resistance of In-rich In
x
Ga1−x
N
Authors: Zhang S , Wang B W , Zhang L M , Liu N , Wang T S , Duan B H , Xu X G
Published: March 2021

To investigate the reason for the reduction in damage resistance of In
x
Ga1−x
N with increasing indium (In) content, we used molecular dynamics methods to simulate the threshold displacement energies, the individual recoil damage and the overlapping cascade processes in In
x
Ga1−x
N (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) during ion implantation. The average threshold displacement energy of In
x
Ga1−x
N decreases a little (from 41.0 eV to 34.6 eV) as the In content increases (from 0.3 to 0.7) and the number of defects produced by individual cascades increases less than 30% with increasing In content (from 0.3 to 0.7), while the overlapping cascade simulations showed that with In content increasing the dynamic annealing processes in cascades were significantly suppressed. Thus, the suppression of dynamic annealing in the cascades is the main reason for the reduction of damage resistance of In
x
Ga1−x
N by adding In content. The analysis of defect distribution during overlapping cascades showed that defects in In-rich In
x
Ga1−x
N (x = 0.7) agglomerate more rapidly as the irradiation dose increases and are likely to form large clusters, which are harder to anneal during cascade evolution. Therefore, the suppression of dynamic annealing in In-rich In
x
Ga1−x
N can be attributed to the rapid agglomeration of defects with the irradiation dose.
Theoretical perspective on the electronic structure and optoelectronic properties of type-II SiC/CrS2 van der Waals heterostructure with high carrier mobilities
Authors: Ali Anwar , Zhang Jian-Min , Muhammad Iltaf , Shahid Ismail , Huang Yu-Hong , Wei Xiu-Mei , Kabir Fazal
Published: March 2021

Two-dimensional heterostructures formed by stacking layered materials play a significant role in condensed matter physics and materials science due to their potential applications in high-efficiency nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices. In this paper, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of SiC/CrS2 van der Waals heterostructure (vdWHs) have been investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. It is confirmed that the SiC/CrS2 vdWHs is energetically and thermodynamically stable indicating its great promise for experimental realization. We find that the SiC/CrS2 vdWHs has a direct-band gap and type-II (staggered) band alignment, which can effectively separate the photo-induced electrons and holes pairs and extend their life time. The carrier mobilities of electrons and holes along the armchair and zigzag directions are as high as 6.621 × 103 and 6.182 × 104 cm2 V−1 s−1, respectively. Besides, the charge difference and potential drop across the interface can induce a large built-in electric field across the heterojunction, which will further hinder the electron and hole recombination. The SiC/CrS2 vdWHs has enhanced optical absorption capability compared to individual monolayers. This study demonstrates that the SiC/CrS2 vdWHs is a good candidate for application in the nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.
Efficiency of CNT-based rotation transmission nanosystem in water
Authors: Shi Jiao , Wu Puwei , Li Xin , Cai Kun , Zhang Yingyan
Published: March 2021

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been widely used as the motor and rotor in a rotational transmission nanosystem (RTnS), whose function is to transfer the input rotational frequency of the motor into the output frequency of the rotor through motor-rotor interactions. A wide range of techniques has been explored to achieve a CNT-based RTnS with a stable and adjustable transmission. In this work, a CNT-based rotor is partly immersed into a water box and the associated water-rotor interaction leads to effective manipulation of the transmission efficiency of RTnS. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed on this new RTnS to investigate the dynamic response of the rotor and the local flow field near the water-rotor interface. Various parameters, including ambient temperature, tubes’ radii, and volume fractions of water in the box (V
f) are examined for their effects on the rotational transmission efficiency. This study offers useful guidelines for the design of stable RTnS with controllable transmission efficiency.
Novel sample-thickness-dependent flux pinning behaviors of KFe2As2 intercalations in CaKFe4As4 single crystals
Authors: Wang Chunlei , He Tian , Han Qianqian , Fan Chunfeng , Tang Qingbin , Chen Dong , Lei Qiankun , Sun Shujie , Li Yingbin , Yu Benhai
Published: March 2021

We report the strong dependence of critical current density (J
c) on the sample thickness (d) along the crystalline c-axis in CaKFe4As4 single crystals. The J
c can be respectively enlarged more than 3 and 50 times in H parallel to c-axis (

J

c

c

) and ab-plane (

J

c

a
b

) at temperature of 5 K and high magnetic fields of 8 T when the d is reduced from 88 to 2.0

μ

m

. It is surprising to find that, accompanied by the enhanced J
c, the fishtail effect fades away with the decreasing d. We believe that both the origins of enhanced J
c and the fishtail effect in CaKFe4As4 may have close relationship with the interlayer coupling between CaKFe4As4 and the intercalations of KFe2As2. Our results not only demonstrate an encouraging prospect for application of CaKFe4As4, but also illuminate new light on the origin of fishtail effect in iron-based superconductors.
Ultrahigh molecular recognition specificity of competing DNA oligonucleotide strands in thermal equilibrium: a cooperative transition to order
Authors: Schenkelberger Marc , Trapp Christian , Mai Timo , Giri Varun , Mohammadi-Kambs Mina , Ott Albrecht
Published: March 2021

The specificity of molecular recognition is important for molecular self-organization. A prominent example is the biological cell where a myriad of different molecular receptor pairs recognize their binding partners with astonishing accuracy within a highly crowded molecular environment. In thermal equilibrium it is usually admitted that the affinity of recognizer pairs only depends on the nature of the two binding molecules. Accordingly, Boltzmann factors of binding energy differences relate the molecular affinities among different target molecules that compete for the same probe. Here, we consider the molecular recognition of short DNA oligonucleotide single strands. We show that a better matching oligonucleotide can prevail against a disproportionally more concentrated competitor with reduced affinity due to a mismatch. We investigate the situation using fluorescence-based techniques, among them Förster resonance energy transfer and total internal reflection fluorescence excitation. We find that the affinity of certain strands appears considerably reduced only as long as a better matching competitor is present. Compared to the simple Boltzmann picture above we observe increased specificity, up to several orders of magnitude. We interpret our observations based on an energy-barrier of entropic origin that occurs if two competing oligonucleotide strands occupy the same probe simultaneously. Due to their differences in binding microstate distributions, the barrier affects the binding affinities of the competitors differently. Based on a mean field description, we derive a resulting expression for the free energy landscape, a formal analogue to a Landau description of phase transitions reproducing the observations in quantitative agreement as a result of a cooperative transition. The advantage of improved molecular recognition comes at no energetic cost other than the design of the molecular ensemble and the presence of the competitor. As a possible application, binding assays for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA strands could be improved by adding competing strands. It will be interesting to see if mechanisms along similar lines as exposed here contribute to the molecular synergy that occurs in biological systems.
Nonlinear trapping in wave–particle interactions in tokamaks
Authors: Shaing K.C. , Garcia-Munoz M. , Viezzer E. , Chu M.S.
Published: March 2021

The physics and transport consequences of the nonlinear trapping of the wave–particle interactions on the transit and bounce time scale are investigated by solving drift kinetic equation including collisions. The nonlinear particle dynamics is governed by a new set of coupled evolution equations for the phase of the wave, the toroidal component of the canonical momentum (radial motion), and the particle energy. The resonant particles are trapped nonlinearly in the phase space in a pendulum-like motion to resolve the linear resonance. The trapping mechanism is similar to that of the superbananas in the neoclassical theory. The nonlinear particle dynamics is employed to facilitate the solution of the drift kinetic equation. It is shown analytically that the particle distribution in the nonlinearly trapped region is flattened when a term of the order of

δ
A

is neglected. Here, δA is the typical magnitude of the normalized perturbed wave field. The trapped and barely circulating particles diffuse collisionally in the phase space. Transport fluxes, wave–particle energy transfer rate and nonlinear damping rate are calculated. The transport coefficients have a new analytic scaling

ν

r

2

δ
A

U in the context of the wave–particle interaction, and can be significant even for a small amplitude wave in tokamaks. Here, ν is the collision frequency, r is the minor radius, and U is a function of the wave frequency, aspect ratio, magnetic shear, and mode numbers. It is estimated that when δA ∼ 10−4 for the magnetic perturbation, alpha particle energy loss rate is comparable to that of the neoclassical theory. The energy transfer rate is proportional to part of the particle flux, a new relation, and scales as ν

δ
A

; the nonlinear damping or growth rate ν

δ
A

−
3
/
2

.
Design of EAST lower divertor by considering target erosion and tungsten ion transport during the external impurity seeding
Authors: Sang Chaofeng , Zhou Qingrui , Xu Guosheng , Wang Liang , Wang Yilin , Zhao Xuele , Zhang Chen , Ding Rui , Jia Guozhang , Yao Damao , Liu Xiaoju , Si Hang , Wang Dezhen , the EAST Team
Published: March 2021

To demonstrate the performance of tungsten (W) as the divertor target material and to solve the power handling problem during high power long-pulse discharge, the upgrade of EAST lower divertor is planned. In this work, the physical design of the W divertor is presented by using 2D edge plasma code SOLPS and Monte Carlo impurity transport code DIVIMP. The optimized divertor geometry is proposed after systematic examination of target shapes, target slant angles and the pump opening locations. The performance of the designed divertor is further assessed by impurity seeding. By comparing the medium and high power discharges with argon (Ar) seeding, the differences on the divertor power radiation and impurity core accumulation are distinguished. The simulated effective ion charge Z
eff fits well the scaling law, which is based on multi-machine database. Ar seeding and neon (Ne) seeding scans are carried out separately. The simulation results indicate Ar has higher power radiation efficiency than that of Ne, thus promoting the achievement of plasma detachment. However, the core compatibility with Ar is worse than with Ne. The W target erosion and W impurity transport during impurity seeding are simulated by the DIVIMP–SOLPS coupled modeling. It illustrates that under the similar divertor plasma conditions, Ar seeding causes more serious W erosion and more severe core contamination by W impurity, than Ne seeding. Finally, the divertor in–out asymmetry is studied by considering electromagnetic drifts. The simulation results manifest that the designed open vertical inner target reduces in–out asymmetry due to that its weak power radiation capability is offset by the ion flow driven by the drifts. In addition, the designed divertor is compatible with the quasi snowflake magnetic configuration. These studies will improve the understanding of W target sputtering and W impurity transport control during the radiative divertor discharges for CFETR/DEMO.
Application of the GPR (Ground Penetration Radar) method for soil investigation and building structure analysis test
Authors: Parwatiningtyas D
Published: March 2021

The large number of infrastructure improvements in Indonesia, causing the need for an underground investigation first, so that the buildings become sturdy and have a small risk of natural disturbance (landslides, land subsidence, earthquakes),etc. One of method used in underground investigations is the Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) method. The GPR antenna system consists of a sending antenna (transmitter antenna), as an electromagnetic signal transmitter and part of the receiving antenna (receiver antenna), that is as a detector of reflected electromagnetic waves. The scope of this research is to collect data in the field using the GPR method, and perform data processing using the Reflex-W application software to obtain information on the condition of the structure, depth of the building foundation, as well as its subsurface information. After all the information on the above values is obtained, we are able to manage the area of the local building more conducive and stable, especially those related to the dynamics of ground movement. GPR data collection was carried out for 3 days, at PANASONIC COMPANIES Tapos Depok, Jakarta – Bogor street on August 7th and 8th 2019. Then data processing and report writing were carried out at the office of Putra Cipta Jaya Consultant from August 12nd to September 8th 2019. Based on the results of the GPR inversion processing using Reflex-W software from 9 measured areas, information was obtained that the condition of the Building and its surroundings as a whole was still in good condition. There are only a few parts of the area that are attention in detail here, which is the office area, 1st factory building, 1st floors, as well as the generator building area, which in general, the three areas of this underground structure there is a land that moves down approximately 1-5 metres from the east and west direction. Therefore the building structure of this area is made a deep pondation, which is approximately 10 to 26 metres.
Efficient TiO2 nanoparticle-ruthenium sensitizers with high open-circuit voltage (Voc) for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Hardani  , Idawati S , Mustariani B A A , Dewi Y K , Hidayatulloh A , Darmawan M I
Published: March 2021

The study aims to characterize Ruthenium as a photosensitizer in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). Samples are made in the structure of the working electrode pair Sandwich and the opponent electrode. Sample absorbance test using UV-Visible LAMBDA 25 spectrophotometer and test current and voltage characterization (I-V) using Keithley 2602A. The results of the study showed that the maximum absorbance in the high dye ruthenium appeared at the two peaks at 448 nm and 580 nm. While I-V curve measurements showed great efficiency that resulted in ruthenium dye with concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 in a row were 0, 12%, 0.186%, and 0.26%. These results show that higher concentrations of ruthenium dye can increase the value of the resulting efficiency.
Hawking temperature and stability in BTZ-Sen Black Hole
Authors: Jayawiguna B N , Ramadhan H S
Published: March 2021

By using the appropriate Killing vector for BTZ-Sen black hole, we obtained surface gravity and the corresponding Hawking temperature. The stability of a black hole can be seen from specific heat. From the result, we can infer that the Hawking temperature reduces to the well known BTZ when the charge vanishes and there is no phase transition with appropriate fixed parameters.
Implementation of ARCS models to improve teachers’ ability in flipped classroom learning
Authors: Bhakti Y B , Astuti I A D , Sumarni R A , Sulisworo D , Toifur M
Published: March 2021

This research aims to improve the ability of the teacher’s Junior High School in practicing flipped classroom learning in physics lessons. A quantitative approach with the type of descriptive was chosen to the research by modeling of one group pre-test and post-test design. The subject of the research was 34 physics teachers in Junior High School, which is 13 of male teachers and 21 female teachers. Data were collected by observed the activities, giving of questionnaires and holding of the test. In consequence, instrumentations used for the research were observation sheets, qestionnaires, and multiple-choice questions. The result showed that activities were slightly increased from meeting I with a percentage of 78%, meeting II with a percentage of 83.05% and meeting III with a percentage of 87.28%. According to the questionnaire, teachers’ motivation was good with a percentage of 79.81% and teachers’ interest was very good with a percentage of 82.73%. Therefore, it can be concluded that using of ARCS can improve not only learning outcomes but also the motivation and interest of teachers. This study may have contributed to the literature since there are few studies available regarding the flipped classroom approach adapted to the ARCS motivation model on physics learning at school.
Characterization of vickers hardness and corrosion rate of stainless steel-316L coated with hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol
Authors: Aminatun  , Tenong F F S B , Hikmawati D , Setiawati E M
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the composition of the hydroxyapatite-Poly Vinyl Alcohol (HA-PVA) coating to the Vickers hardness and the corrosion rate of SS316L. Cylindrical stainless steel-316L (SS316L), which has a diameter of 8mm and a thickness of 5mm, was sterilized by immersion in ethanol then rinsed using distilled water. The coating material is made from a mixture of HA-PVA with variations in the composition of A (27: 3), B (25: 5), C (20:10) and D (15:15) (in wt%) dissolved in 70% distilled water (in wt%). HA-PVA solution was coated on SS316L using airbrush spraying method at a pressure of 3.5x105 Pa, a nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm and a nozzle-sample distance of 10 cm. The test results show that the variations of the HA-PVA composition affect the hardness and the corrosion rate of SS316L. The more HA coating on the SS316L, the more it protects the SS316L substrate from corrosion. The conclusion show that the sample A with the HA-PVA composition of 27: 3 (in wt%) is found to be the best composition with a Vickers hardness of 2.43 VHN and a corrosion rate of 0.004 mm/year.
Morphology study of Agave fiber surface by using scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Mulyaningsih N N , Widiyatun F , Dwitiyanti N
Published: March 2021

Agave plants can grow well in all weather conditions, so that they are very abundant in Indonesia. The appropriate processing technique is needed to develop the utilization of Agave plants, so that they have a higher value. The main purpose of this research is to conduct material engineering of Agave americana species, so that the Agave fiber has good quality when used as a natural composite material. The research method was used by giving 5% alkaline sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment for 30 minutes against Agave fiber (called T samples) and the results were compared with normal Agave fiber/not treated with alkaline (called UT samples). The parameters observed were the surface morphology of the fibers which were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) at magnifications of 250x, 500x and 1000x. SEM characterization results showed that Agave fiber treated with 5% NaOH alkaline had a denser surface morphology with an average cavity percentage of 9.015%, while untreated Agave fiber had a higher average cavity percentage of 29.795%. In addition, soaking with 5% alkaline NaOH also causes dirt that sticks to the fibers more easily, so the fibers were cleaner. The conclusion of the research shows that 5% alkaline NaOH treatment on Agave fiber could increase the strength and quality of Agave fiber.
Temperature and water level control in a multi-input, multi-output process using neuro-fuzzy controller
Authors: Akbariza M V , Handoko D , Prajitno P
Published: March 2021

In this research, a simulation study for temperature and level control in a liquid (water) mixing process is proposed using MATLAB/Simulink. The objective of this control system is to maintain the temperature and water level at the set points in a liquid mixing process by controlling the flowrate of cold and hot water that enters the mixing tank. The mixing tank used in this study is assumed to have a volume of 80 liter, while the maximum flowrates of both water inputs are 15 liter/min, and the maximum temperature and level in the mixing tank are 90 C and 75 cm, respectively. The influence of one variable to the other is reduced using decoupling technique. In the development process of the controller, PI controller is used to generate the training data required by the ANFIS-based controller. The performance of the proposed controllers has been tested with several set points changes by observing its performances parameters, such as RMSE, rise time, settling time, and % overshoot as quantitative data. It also has been compared with a PI controller using the same set point changes as the ANFIS-based controller did. These results show that the ANFIS-based controller is generally better than the PI controller. It has the average RMSE values of 0.174 and 0.196 for temperature and level control respectively, while the PI controller has 0.21 and 0.20 average RMSE values for temperature and level control.
Concentrating yellow and red gambier fruit (Uncaria) in isopropyl alcohol to improve the performance of dye-sensitised solar cells
Authors: Nasyori A , Noor F A
Published: March 2021

The organic dyes used in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) possess a low efficiency, leading to problems in the development of more efficient and cheaper DSSCs. In this work, we analysed the effect of the concentrations of organic dye from yellow and red gambier (Uncaria) fruits. The concentrations were prepared with isopropyl alcohol at concentrations of 30, 50 and 70%, respectively. Titanium oxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor which was used in this work by utilising the method of the doctor blade, and indium tin oxide (ITO) was used as the conductive glass. The counter electrode and electrolyte were fabricated by burning candle and mixing KI + I2, respectively. The characteristic spectra of UV-Vis and FTIR were used to analyse the gambier fruit. We obtained that the tannins from red and yellow gambier fruit extract are highly potential to apply as a sensitiser in DSSCs. Furthermore, the measurement of current and voltage was employed under sun irradiation. We obtained that the highest efficiencies were 0.819924 % and 1.747999 % for red and yellow extract, respectively. It indicates that the concentration of the organic dye could improve the performance of DSSCs.
K+
Λ and K
0Λ photoproduction with High-Spin Nucleón Resonances
Authors: Luthfiyah N H , Mart T
Published: March 2021

A new model for photoproduction of KΛ, i.e. γ + p → K+
Λ and γ + n → K
0Λ has been constructed by using the Feynman diagrammatic approach. By using this approach, we have calculated the scattering amplitude analytically. In addition, we have also included a number of very-high-spin nucleon resonances, i.e. those with spins 11/2 and 13/2, which are listed by the Particle Data Group (PDG). The unknown parameters in the model, i.e., the hadronic coupling constants, were extracted by fitting the calculated observables to nearly 9000 experimental data points. The result of the model calculations is compared with those of previous investigations and experimental data. From the comparison we may conclude that the constructed model can nicely reproduce the experimental data.
Preliminary evaluation of chemical component in the 2004 indian ocean giant tsunami impacted soil using a Co2 Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Mitaphonna R , Ramli M , Ismail N , Kurihara K , Subianto M , Gondal M A , Idris N
Published: March 2021

Preliminary evaluation of chemical component in soil impacted by 2004 Indian Ocean giant tsunami using LIBS has been carried out. The sampling of the tsunami impacted soil was carried out in several points in Aceh, Indonesia. In this study, the sample soil was pretreated to turn into pellets. The beam of a TEA CO2 laser (10.6 µm, 3 J, 200 ns, 10 Hz) is sent onto surface of pellet using focusing lens under air at atmospheric pressure for producing a plasma. The emission spectral lines from plasma that generated were discovered when testing with Optical Multichannel Analyzer (OMA) system. It shows many emission lines because of various elements could clearly be detected and be identified. It was found that both the tsunami impacted and unimpacted soil sample contain chemical signatures of tsunami event such as saltwater signal (Na), carbonate markers (Ca, Mg, Sr), terestrial markers (Fe, Mn, Si Ti, Ba), and other heavy metal elements. However, it is found that emission intensities of the spectral lines are far higher for the tsunami impacted soil samples compared to the case of tsunami unimpacted soil. The qualitative observation finding implies that the chemical elements such as calcium (Ca), then followed by magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) are good candidate for chemical proxies of tsunami event. Since the measurement allows to simultaneously observe these elements in a single measurement, thus LIBS is a potential, simultaneous, efficient, and versatile spectroscopic technique not only for analyzing chemical component in soil affected by the tsunami but also to identify the tsunami impacted soil from the impacted soilThe first section in your paper.
The effect of a causalitic-learning model on problem-solving abilities reviewed from creativity
Authors: Anshori I A , Rokhmat J , Gunada I W , Wahyudi  , Ayub S
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the implementation of the Causalitic-learning Model (CLM) on Problem-solving Ability (PSA) in terms of creativity. This study used an untreated control group design with pre-test and post-test. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained students from XI-MIA-3 as the experimental class (11 male and 22 female) and XI-MIA-2 as the control class (14 male and 20 female). The assessment instrument uses 6 items in the essay test in physics. Data analysis used a two-way ANOVA test with a 2 x 2 factorial design. The results show homogeneous data (F
table = 1.75), and normally distributed (X
2t
able = 7.81), for the control class and experimental class, Hypothesis test results, with a significance level of 0.05, obtained Ha (sig.-value 0.01) and Hb (sig.-value 0.01) so that Ha and Hb are accepted, while for Hc (sig.-value 0.80) so Hc is rejected. Conclusion CLM affects PSA, creativity affects PSA, and there is no effect on the interaction between CLM and creativity on PSA. It is recommended to improve students’ PSA through CLM and or the development of student creativity.
Analysis of optical transition rules in buckled and puckered bismuthene monolayers based on electron-photon dipole vectors
Authors: Prakoso M J , Cahaya A B , Nugraha A R T , Majidi M A
Published: March 2021

When a material absorbs incident light, electrons can undergo an optical transition between valence and conduction bands depending on the frequency and polarization of light. In atomic-layered materials such as bismuthene, even a small change in its geometrical structure, e.g. from the buckled to puckered lattices, completely alters its electronic properties and, accordingly, its possible optical transitions. Since the strength and selection rule of optical transitions can be understood by analyzing the electron-photon dipole vectors, we calculate dipole vectors as a function of electronic wave vector between two quantum states in buckled and puckered bismuthene monolayers. We find that each of the bismuthene structures has its own, unique dipole vectors, implying a certain geometrical dependence of the dipole vectors. These materials are expected as a potential candidate for optoelectronics applications. Furthermore, one would consider applying various light polarization in these materials when the optical transition rules are well understood.
Ultrafast optical absorption and coherent phonon generation in monolayer and bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Nugraha A R T , Cahaya A B , Majidi M A
Published: March 2021

When ultrashort laser pulses are applied to the solid-state material within a time scale less than the period of a particular phonon mode, the energy and momentum of the absorbed light are used by photo-excited carriers to interact collectively with the crystal lattices and generate lattice oscillations coherently, known as the coherent phonons. The Fourier transform of the absorption modulation due to the coherent phonon oscillations gives the coherent phonon intensity. In this work, we theoretically investigate the shape of coherent phonon intensity for transition metal dichalcogenides as a function of the polarization angle of the laser pulses. In particular, we focus on the E2g and A1g phonons in monolayer and bilayer molybdenum disulfides. Within the simplified theory of displacive excitation of coherent phonons, we find that the laser pulses uniquely select the electronic states in monolayer and bilayer molybdenum disulfides, resulting in a rich feature of the polar plots of the energy-dependent coherent phonon intensity of these materials.
The electrical properties of poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule: electrical current influenced by magnetic field and electric field
Authors: Yudiarsah E , Adiansyah T
Published: March 2021

This theoretical study aims to determine the electrical properties of poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule under influence of electric and magnetic fields as external disturbances. The electrical properties of the DNA is investigated using a tight-binding model in the second quantization form. Then, the Landauer-Buttiker formalism is used in calculating electric current from the transmission probability which is calculate using the green function approach. While the external interference is considered by modelling the magnetic dependent hopping phase and the electric field dependent hopping amplitude in the tight binding Hamiltonian. The calculation results shows that the electric field applied along the DNA decreases sharply the peak of the transmission band. This means that the electric field significantly weakening the quality of transmission in poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule. On the other hand, the increase in magnetic field results in the increment of maximum current and the decrement of threshold voltage.
Room temperature electrical impedance analysis of LaFe1-x
MgxO3 (x = 0.01 and 0.05) ceramics
Authors: Ilham F , Triyono D , Abdillah M N
Published: March 2021

The effect of Mg-small doped on the structural and electrical properties of LaFe1-x
MgxO3 ceramic materials was studied. A series of LaFe1-xMgxO3 (x= 0.01 and 0.05) perovskite material was synthesized via sol-gel method following by sintering process. Structural properties were investigated by using X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Rietveld refinement analysis have been done using Fullprof software. All of the samples are single-phase with orthorhombic crystal structure and Pnma space group. Lattice parameter slightly increases as the Mg-doping concentration increase. The impedance spectroscopy of the sample was characterized by using the RLC-Meter at a frequency range of 100 Hz - 1 MHz at room temperature. The electrical parameters such as impedance, dielectric constant, tan loss, and conductivity was analyzed using impedance spectroscopy method. The value of the dielectric constant (∊) decreases with increasing frequency and remains constant at higher frequencies. The dielectric loss shows a decrease in the dielectric constant with increasing Mg doping.
Preliminary study of HVSR forward modeling: parameters properties and non-uniqueness of subsurface models
Authors: Zaenudin A , Rustadi  , Iswan  , Yogi I B S
Published: March 2021

The application of horizontal to a vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) in Indonesia is often analyzed using theoretical equations that only focus on Vs. or the two rock layers’ thickness. On the other hand, there are already HVSR modeling programs that involve other parameters such as VP, density, QP, and Qs for multiple layers. Armed with existing modeling, the effect of each parameter and test the possible non-uniqueness of HVSR modeling is found. In the end, the right inversion method to get satisfactory results is found. Modeling is done by calculating the wave amplification of the transfer function, the phenomenon of attenuation, and dispersion. A synthetic model will be made from the modeling scheme, which is approached with various possible parameters using a random test of 200000 models for each test. From the existing parameters, it is found that only the parameters Vs, thickness, and Qs affect the position f0. Meanwhile, the parameters VP, density, and QP only affect the amplitude of the curve. The parameters VP, Vs, density, and thickness have a consistent relationship between parameters, but not for QP and Qs. From the various tests carried out, it was found that many combinations can produce similar responses, both parameter combinations, and combinations of parameters with a different number of layers. Inversion modeling is needed to produce a precise subsurface model that can reduce the non-uniqueness results, such as optimization with a global approach, a statistical approach, or a hybrid inversion method.
One hadron exchange non-relativistic model for potential
Authors: Glenno  , Fachruddin I , Salam A
Published: March 2021

One of the KN Interaction is K+p interaction which one we’re interested in. K+p potential is described as one hadron exchanges. The hadrons being exchanged include scalar meson (σ), vector mesons (ω, ρ ), hyperons (Λ, Σ), and their resonances ( Λ* (1600), Σ*(1385)). This interaction model is derived for non-relativistic calculations within Blankenbecler-Sugar reduction. The values of the potential parameters are fixed by fitting to experimental data of K+p spin-averaged differential cross section for kaon laboratory energies from 88.13 MeV to 3683.22 MeV. Scattering calculations are performed by using a 3D technique without partial wave expansion.
Charged Black Holes with exponential type nonlinear electromagnetic
Authors: Dipamanggala M A , Ramadhan H S
Published: March 2021

We study spherically-symmetric Einstein gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. In particular, we consider an exponential kinetic for of gauge field lagrangian. We found that the solution approaches Reissner-Nordstrom black hole asymptotically, but shows a distinct property near the origin.
Spin accumulation induced anisotropic RKKY interaction
Authors: Cahaya A B , Majidi M A
Published: March 2021

In a spin-valve structure, the magnetizations of the ferromagnetic layer are influenced by the RKKY exchange interaction. The RKKY exchange interaction is an indirect exchange interaction mediated by the conduction electron of the non-magnetic spacer. The RKKY exchange interaction has been widely studied both theoretically and experimentally. However, the effect of the spin accumulation in the spacer on the exchange interaction has not been studied yet. While the spin accumulation in the non-magnetic spacer is generally small, recent experiment show that non-magnetic metallic layer in magnetic multilayers can have a large spin accumulation. Utilizing linear response theory, we discuss the effect of the spin accumulation on the spin density of the conduction electron in the spacer and show that the spin accumulation induces an anisotropic exchange.
Perhaps a feasibility study of pocket book learning media in Newton law materials for class X Senior High School
Authors: Rahmandita A , Saraswati D L , Mulyaningsih N N , Ningsih R , Agustina L , Sari T A , Dinihari Y , A’ini Z F , Wiyanti E
Published: March 2021

The number of learning media at this time is still deemed insufficient that students can use to study independently anywhere and anytime. So we need a media companion to the main book that students can use, namely in the form of pocket books. The feasibility test was carried out by material experts, media experts, design experts and Senior High School Physics Teachers. the results of the product media expert test were quite good with a proportion of 70%, the material expert test was declared good with a proportion of 84%, the product design expert test was not good with a proportion of 64% and by education practitioners namely high school physics teachers declared good with a proportion of 88%. So that the overall feasibility of the product is 76.5% in the good category. So it can be concluded that the pocket book of Newton’s law material on Physics for class X senior high school students is in accordance with the appropriate syllabus and is suitable for use as a supporting book for learning physics.
Development of physics learning tools based on inquiry to increase creative thinking skills
Authors: Asy’ari M , Prayogi S , Mirawati B , Syarifuddin  , Hunaepi  , Syahrir  , Suhirman
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to produce physics learning tools based on inquiry that are valid, practical, and effective to improve students’ creative thinking skills on heat material. This study is a developmental research using the 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate) model. Learning tools in the form of syllabus, lesson plan, student activity sheets, student textbooks, and test instruments were validated by 2 experts before being implemented on 22 students. The research data were collected using instruments of validation, observation, questionnaires, and tests which were then analyzed descriptively and statistically. The results showed that the learning tools produced was valid in terms of content and construct, was practical based on the implementation of learning and student responses, and was effective in improving students’ creative thinking skills. Research findings based on indicators of creative thinking skills such as fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration are also described in this paper.
Calculated cyclotron-based scandium-47 production yields via 48Ca(p, 2n)47Sc nuclear reaction
Authors: Wibowo F A , Kambali I
Published: March 2021

Scandium-47 is a promising particle emitter that has been suggested as a candidate for radiotheranostics. Thus, better understanding of optimum irradiation parameters, radioactivity yields and possible impurities during its production is of paramount importance. The theoretical calculation of the end-of-bombardment (EOB) results is performed using Microsoft Excel following the calculation of the excitation function obtained from the TALYS software and the stopping power obtained from the SRIM software can be accessed for free. According to the TALYS code calculations, the threshold energy for 47Sc production was 8.39 MeV, whereas the maximum cross-section (879 mbarn) occurred at proton incident energy of 17 MeV. The calculated EOB yield for 48Ca(p,2n)47Sc nuclear reaction at 60 MeV proton energy was found to be 449 MBq/μAh, which was suitable quality for typical radionuclide production. Besides, three radionuclides, i.e. 48Sc, 46Sc and 47Ca were predicted to be the main impurities in the 47Sc production. However, in order to minimize the production of 48Sc, 46Sc and 47Ca impurities radionuclide the safest and optimum proton energy should be between 23 and 30 MeV, which can be achieved using the available 26 MeV cyclotron. This study can be used as a reference for future 47Sc production when proton beams of up to 60 MeV are employed.
The effectiveness of guided inquiry learning tools in increasing students’ activities and creative thinking skills
Authors: Widia  , Sarnita F , Irawan A , Syafrudin  , Armansyah  , Nurdiana  , Hunaepi  , Sapnowandi  , Prayogi S , Asy’ari M
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of guided inquiry learning tools in increasing students’ creative thinking activities and skills. Student activities include: paying attention, formulating problems, hypothesizing, conducting experiments, recording observations, discussing, communicating results, and concluding, while creative thinking skills components namely: fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration were also identified in this study. The study used a one-group pre-test post-test design which was implemented on 22 students. Research data were collected using activity observation sheets and creative thinking skills test instruments. The results showed that the activity and creative thinking skills of students increased after learning, so it can be concluded that guided inquiry learning tools were effective in increasing students’ activities and creative thinking skills.
Practicum implementation for kinematics using tracker: solutions for practicum implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tiandho Y
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed various activities, including the learning process. The health protocol requires physical distancing, and learning activities in a “real” class are not allowed. Therefore, practicum has severe problems because students cannot carry it out in the laboratory. On the other hand, practicum has an essential role in learning physics. This paper aims to describe implementing kinematics practicum from home using the Tracker -video analysis software. The use of the Tracker software can help students carry out practicum independently quite accurately. The sample of this research is first-year students at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The student was given several tutorials using Tracker via a video uploaded on Youtube. Furthermore, the student is given questions related to increasing understanding of kinematics, the accuracy of the practicum, and responses to the tutorials given. The majority of students welcomed this practicum and felt that they could improve their understanding of kinematics topics. Also, the practicum carried out has good accuracy. The use of Tracker can increase the frequency of use of digital devices and computers. Thus, we hope that it can improve the students’ skills related to Industrial Revolution 4.0 issues.