bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crop Phenology Detection Using High Spatio-Temporal Resolution Data Fused from SPOT5 and MODIS Products
Authors: Zheng Yang , Wu Bingfang , Zhang Miao , Zeng Hongwei
Published: December 2016

Timely and efficient monitoring of crop phenology at a high spatial resolution are crucial for the precise and effective management of agriculture. Recently, satellite-derived vegetation indices (VIs), such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), have been widely used for the phenology detection of terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper, a framework is proposed to detect crop phenology using high spatio-temporal resolution data fused from Systeme Probatoire d'Observation de la Tarre5 (SPOT5) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. The framework consists of a data fusion method to produce a synthetic NDVI dataset at SPOT5’s spatial resolution and at MODIS’s temporal resolution and a phenology extraction algorithm based on NDVI time-series analysis. The feasibility of our phenology detection approach was evaluated at the county scale in Shandong Province, China. The results show that (1) the Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) algorithm can accurately blend SPOT5 and MODIS NDVI, with an R2 of greater than 0.69 and an root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.11 between the predicted and referenced data; and that (2) the estimated phenology parameters, such as the start and end of season (SOS and EOS), were closely correlated with the field-observed data with an R2 of the SOS ranging from 0.68 to 0.86 and with an R2 of the EOS ranging from 0.72 to 0.79. Our research provides a reliable approach for crop phenology mapping in areas with high fragmented farmland, which is meaningful for the implementation of precision agriculture.
Wi-Fi/MARG Integration for Indoor Pedestrian Localization
Authors: Tian Zengshan , Jin Yue , Zhou Mu , Wu Zipeng , Li Ze
Published: December 2016

With the wide deployment of Wi-Fi networks, Wi-Fi based indoor localization systems that are deployed without any special hardware have caught significant attention and have become a currently practical technology. At the same time, the Magnetic, Angular Rate, and Gravity (MARG) sensors installed in commercial mobile devices can achieve highly-accurate localization in short time. Based on this, we design a novel indoor localization system by using built-in MARG sensors and a Wi-Fi module. The innovative contributions of this paper include the enhanced Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) and Wi-Fi localization approaches, and an Extended Kalman Particle Filter (EKPF) based fusion algorithm. A new Wi-Fi/MARG indoor localization system, including an Android based mobile client, a Web page for remote control, and a location server, is developed for real-time indoor pedestrian localization. The extensive experimental results show that the proposed system is featured with better localization performance, with the average error 0.85 m, than the one achieved by using the Wi-Fi module or MARG sensors solely.
Velocity-Aided Attitude Estimation for Helicopter Aircraft Using Microelectromechanical System Inertial-Measurement Units
Authors: Lee Sang , Hong Sung
Published: December 2016

This paper presents an algorithm for velocity-aided attitude estimation for helicopter aircraft using a microelectromechanical system inertial-measurement unit. In general, high- performance gyroscopes are used for estimating the attitude of a helicopter, but this type of sensor is very expensive. When designing a cost-effective attitude system, attitude can be estimated by fusing a low cost accelerometer and a gyro, but the disadvantage of this method is its relatively low accuracy. The accelerometer output includes a component that occurs primarily as the aircraft turns, as well as the gravitational acceleration. When estimating attitude, the accelerometer measurement terms other than gravitational ones can be considered as disturbances. Therefore, errors increase in accordance with the flight dynamics. The proposed algorithm is designed for using velocity as an aid for high accuracy at low cost. It effectively eliminates the disturbances of accelerometer measurements using the airspeed. The algorithm was verified using helicopter experimental data. The algorithm performance was confirmed through a comparison with an attitude estimate obtained from an attitude heading reference system based on a high accuracy optic gyro, which was employed as core attitude equipment in the helicopter.
In Situ Measurement of Polymer Layer Thickness in Porous Layer Open Tubular (PLOT) Columns Using Optical Absorbance in the Near-IR Range
Authors: Collins David , Nesterenko Ekaterina , Paull Brett
Published: December 2016

Highly reproducible fabrication of porous layer open tubular (PLOT) structures in fused silica capillaries is often challenging; thus, methods to measure layer thickness growth in real time represent a powerful tool for the production of such columns. The work presented herein demonstrates the application of optical absorbance in the near-infrared (near IR) range for the in-process measurement of polymer layer growth inside fused silica capillaries during the fabrication of PLOT columns. The proposed technique can be used for both on- and off-line measurements of layer thickness for thermal- and photo- initiated polymerisation methods, performed in either polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)- or polyimide-coated capillaries. Measurements of layer thickness were carried out at λ 700 nm, using 100 μm and 8 μm optical fibres, yielding relative standard deviation (%RSD) values of 27% and 22%, respectively.
Bidirectional Incentive Model for Bicycle Redistribution of a Bicycle Sharing System during Rush Hour
Authors: Li Linfeng , Shan Miyuan
Published: December 2016

Redistribution is an important part of operational activities in a bicycle sharing system (BSS). This paper proposes that there are two types of users in a BSS: leisure travelers and commuters. The operators and the government are adopting the bidirectional incentive model (BIM) to improve their service level of redistribution. That is, the BIM stimulates leisure travelers to actively respond to bicycle resetting needs of the system; on the other hand, it guides commuters by encouraging them to avoid travelling in peak periods. This is beneficial to achieve the goals of reducing the scheduling pressure on bicycles during rush hour, and even to realize the self-resetting of the BSS. In this paper, we explore three scenarios for implementing BIM through cooperation between the operator and the government. By exploiting Stackelberg games in all models, we illustrate the quantity of users in three different travel behaviors, and surplus value of these users respectively. We also consider the trend of the profit of the operator and the government when some changes of parameters are made. The numerical analysis and case discussion find that the strategy of the operator implementing BIM with a subsidy is the best method for developed regions. In a developing region, the strategy of implementing the BIM with a direct government subsidy to users is the best choice in a small or tourist city. In these cities, the proportion of leisure travelers is always larger than 50%, resulting in a significant incentive effect. The strategy of the operator implementing BIM without a subsidy is the best choice for the large and medium-sized city.
Market Opportunities for Animal-Friendly Milk in Different Consumer Segments
Authors: De Graaf Sophie , Vanhonacker Filiep , Van Loo Ellen , Bijttebier Jo , Lauwers Ludwig , Tuyttens Frank , Verbeke Wim
Published: December 2016

Consumers have increasing, but highly variable, interest in sustainability attributes of food, including ethical aspects, such as animal welfare. We explored market opportunities for animal-friendly cow’s milk based on segmentation (cluster) analysis. Flemish survey participants (n = 787) were clustered (n = 6) based on their intention to purchase (IP) animal-friendly milk, and their evaluation of cows’ welfare state (EV). Three market opportunity segments were derived from clusters and labelled as “high”, “moderate” and “limited”. Only 8% of the participants belong to the “high market opportunities” segment, characterized by a high IP and a low EV. The “limited” segment (44%) indicated a neutral to low IP and a positive EV. The “moderate” segment (48%) had a moderately positive IP and positive/negative EV. Reported willingness to pay, interest in information about the state of animal welfare and importance of the product attribute “animal welfare” differed among segments and were strongly related to IP. Most promising selling propositions about animal-friendly milk were related to pasture access. The high degree of differentiation within the Flemish milk market reveals market opportunities for animal-friendly milk, but for an effective market share increase supply of animal-friendly products needs to get more aligned with the heterogeneous demand.
Quantification of Improvement in Environmental Quality for Old Residential Buildings Using Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Mitterpach Jozef , Hroncová Emília , Ladomerský Juraj , Štefko Jozef
Published: December 2016

In Slovakia, 35% of buildings are older than 50 years but most newer buildings built before 1990 have greater energy consumption. Some other countries also have similar problems. The growing importance of energy saving in buildings can be, in the case of new and old residential buildings (RB), achieved by lowering thermal energy consumption most often by application of polystyrene insulation on the external walls and roof and the exchange of wood window frames for PVC (polyvinyl chloride) windows. The novelty of the article for Slovakia and some other central European countries consists in using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method for the objective assessment of the environmental benefits of the selected systems of wall insulation, as well as of energy savings in various time intervals of insulation functionality (up to 20 years). LCA software SimaPro (LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands) was used with ReCiPe and IMPACT 2002+ assessment methods to quantify the total environmental impact at selected endpoints and midpoints (IMPACT 2002+) of basic structural materials of an RB and its energy demand—heat consumption (hot water heating, central heating) before the application of insulation and thermal energy saving (TES) after application of insulation to its external walls, roof, and the exchange of windows. The data we obtained confirmed that the environmental impact of the polystyrene insulation of external walls, roof, and exchange of windows of one residential building (RB) in the first year after insulation is higher than the reduction caused by achieving a TES of 39%. When taking a lifespan of 20 years into consideration, the impact over the life cycle of the building materials is reduced by 25% (global warming: −4792 kg CO2 eq; production of carcinogens: −2479 kg C2H3Cl eq; acidification: −12,045 kg SO2 eq; and aquatic eutrophication: −257 kg PO4 P-lim). The verified LCA methodology will be used for comparative analysis of different variants of thermal insulation of buildings, and their functionality in the long term, while taking into account local specifics and the preparation of environmental product declarations.
Nutrients and Energy Balance Analysis for a Conceptual Model of a Three Loops off Grid, Aquaponics
Authors: Yogev Uri , Barnes Adrian , Gross Amit
Published: December 2016

Food security, specifically in water scarce regions, is an increasing local and global challenge. Finding new ways to increase agricultural production in a sustainable manner is required. The current study suggests a conceptual model to integrate established recirculating aquaculture practices into a near-zero discharge aquaponic system that efficiently utilizes water, excreted nutrients and organic matter for energy. The suggested model allows to significantly extend the planted area and recover energy in the form of biogas to operate the system off-grid. A mass balance model of nitrogen, carbon and energy was established and solved, based on data from the literature. Results demonstrate that a fish standing stock of about 700 kg would produce 3.4 tons of fish annually and enough nutrients to grow about 35 tons of tomatoes per year (chosen as a model plant) and recover sufficient energy (70 kWh/day) to run the system on biogas and use less water. If proven successful, this approach may play a major role in sustainably enhancing food security in rural and water scarce regions.
Philologie et archéologie : la médecine hippocratique et les fouilles de Thasos
Authors: Jouanna Jacques
Published: December 2016

Synthèse sur les indications que le Corpus hippocratique livre sur les réalités à Thasos, à la lumière des découvertes philologiques et archéologiques les plus récentes.
Philippe II de Macédoine, l’argent et la guerre : les recrutements de guerriers thraces
Authors: Rufin Solas Aliénor
Published: December 2016

=Les textes anciens évoquant les rapports de Philippe II à l’argent sont réinterprétés dans le cadre d’une analyse du système financier et militaire mis en place en Macédoine à partir de la seconde moitié du IVe siècle. L’équilibre financier macédonien apparaît comme extrêmement dynamique, reposant sur la confiance qu’inspirait ce chef de guerre exceptionnel : les dépenses considérables engagées par Philippe pour la sécurité du royaume, qui ont commandé une politique monétaire de grande envergure, étaient financées par les conquêtes déjà réalisées mais poussaient aussi à la guerre, pour laquelle le roi recourait à l’emprunt. L’exemple des collaborations militaires avec les Thraces et des aspects monétaires de celles-ci éclaire les pratiques financières qui ont contraint le royaume de Macédoine à l’expansion à partir de Philippe II.
La vie agonistique xanthienne : nouvel apport épigraphique (première partie)
Authors: Baker Patrick , Thériault Gaétan
Published: December 2016

Si l’on fait exception du catalogue agonistique des Rômaia et du monument commémorant la carrière de l’athlète xanthien Titus Flavius Hermogénès, tous deux découverts au Létôon, sur le territoire de Xanthos, la vie agonistique de la cité et de son sanctuaire s’avère mal connue. Les indications demeurent minces à cet effet, tant dans les inscriptions d’époque impériale publiées par A. Balland que dans celles figurant dans la collection des Tituli Asiae Minoris.

Pourtant, la cité n’a pas échappé à la prolifération des concours si caractéristiques des cités grecques de l’Asie Mineure hellénistique et, a fortiori, impériale. Là comme ailleurs, les agônes, qu’ils fussent panhelléniques ou locaux, stéphanites ou thématites, étaient une affaire sérieuse. Les nouvelles découvertes épigraphiques xanthiennes ont enrichi notablement ce dossier. Ce premier article d’une série de deux est l’occasion de présenter trois nouveaux textes relatifs à deux concours. Le premier date de 152/ 3 p. C. et célèbre les exploits d’un participant ou d’un vainqueur dans un agôn durant une panégyrie célébrée au sanctuaire et désignée sous le nom de Létôa Traianeia Hadrianeia Antôneia. Les deux autres concernent le concours tétraétérique des Antipatreia, déjà connu par l’inscription TAM II, 1, 307 et qualifié de κοινὸς Λυκίων. L’un et l’autre font désormais connaître le fondateur de l’agôn et un vainqueur dans l’épreuve du pancrace pour hommes, M. Aur. Tlèpolémos.
Organoclay hybrid materials as precursors of porous ZnO/silica-clay heterostructures for photocatalytic applications
Authors: Akkari Marwa , Aranda Pilar , Ben Haj Amara Abdessalem , Ruiz-Hitzky Eduardo
Published: December 2016

In this study, ZnO/SiO2-clay heterostructures were successfully synthesized by a facile two-step process applied to two types of clays: montmorillonite layered silicate and sepiolite microfibrous clay mineral. In the first step, intermediate silica–organoclay hybrid heterostructures were prepared following a colloidal route based on the controlled hydrolysis of tetramethoxysilane in the presence of the starting organoclay. Later on, pre-formed ZnO nanoparticles (NP) dispersed in 2-propanol were incorporated under ultrasound irradiation to the silica–organoclay hybrid heterostructures dispersed in 2-propanol, and finally, the resulting solids were calcinated to eliminate the organic matter and to produce ZnO nanoparticles (NP) homogeneously assembled to the clay–SiO2 framework. In the case of montmorillonite the resulting materials were identified as delaminated clays of ZnO/SiO2-clay composition, whereas for sepiolite, the resulting heterostructure is constituted by the assembling of ZnO NP to the sepiolite–silica substrate only affecting the external surface of the clay. The structural and morphological features of the prepared heterostructures were characterized by diverse physico-chemical techniques (such as XRD, FTIR, TEM, FE-SEM). The efficiency of these new porous ZnO/SiO2-clay heterostructures as potential photocatalysts in the degradation of organic dyes and the removal of pharmaceutical drugs in water solution was tested using methylene blue and ibuprofen compounds, respectively, as model of pollutants.
Computational methods in drug discovery
Authors: Leelananda Sumudu P , Lindert Steffen
Published: December 2016

The process for drug discovery and development is challenging, time consuming and expensive. Computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) tools can act as a virtual shortcut, assisting in the expedition of this long process and potentially reducing the cost of research and development. Today CADD has become an effective and indispensable tool in therapeutic development. The human genome project has made available a substantial amount of sequence data that can be used in various drug discovery projects. Additionally, increasing knowledge of biological structures, as well as increasing computer power have made it possible to use computational methods effectively in various phases of the drug discovery and development pipeline. The importance of in silico tools is greater than ever before and has advanced pharmaceutical research. Here we present an overview of computational methods used in different facets of drug discovery and highlight some of the recent successes. In this review, both structure-based and ligand-based drug discovery methods are discussed. Advances in virtual high-throughput screening, protein structure prediction methods, protein–ligand docking, pharmacophore modeling and QSAR techniques are reviewed.
THE PREFERENTIAL TIDAL STRIPPING OF DARK MATTER VERSUS STARS IN GALAXIES
Authors: Smith Rory , Choi Hoseung , Lee Jaehyun , Rhee Jinsu , Sanchez-Janssen Ruben , Yi Sukyoung K.
Published: December 2016

Using high-resolution hydrodynamical cosmological simulations, we conduct a comprehensive study of how tidal stripping removes dark matter and stars from galaxies. We find that dark matter is always stripped far more significantly than the stars—galaxies that lose ∼80% of their dark matter, typically lose only 10% of their stars. This is because the dark matter halo is initially much more extended than the stars. As such, we find that the stellar-to-halo size-ratio (measured using r
eff/r
vir) is a key parameter controlling the relative amounts of dark matter and stellar stripping. We use simple fitting formulae to measure the relation between the fraction of bound dark matter and the fraction of bound stars. We measure a negligible dependence on cluster mass or galaxy mass. Therefore, these formulae have general applicability in cosmological simulations, and are ideal to improve stellar stripping recipes in semi-analytical models, and/or to estimate the impact that tidal stripping would have on galaxies when only their halo mass evolution is known.
Epigenetic regulation in Autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Chaudhury Sraboni
Published: December 2016

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by an impaired social communication skill and often results in repetitive, stereotyped behavior which is observed in children during the first few years of life. Other characteristic of this disorder includes language disabilities, difficulties in sensory integration, lack of reciprocal interactions and in some cases, cognitive delays. One percentage of the general population is affected by ASD and is four times more common in boys than girls. There are hundreds of genes, which has been identified to be associated with ASD etiology. However it remains difficult to comprehend our understanding in defining the genetic architecture necessary for complete exposition of its pathophysiology. Seeing the complexity of the disease, it is important to adopt a multidisciplinary approach which should not only focus on the “genetics” of autism but also on epigenetics, transcriptomics, immune system disruption and environmental factors that could all impact the pathogenesis of the disease. As environmental factors also play a key role in regulating the trigger of ASD, the role of chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation has started to emerge. Such epigenetic modifications directly link molecular regulatory pathways and environmental factors, which might be able to explain some aspects of complex disorders like ASD. The present review will focus on the role of epigenetic regulation in defining the underlying cause for ASD.
Concepto y proceso constructivo de la cortina cerámica de la Biblioteca de Vila-real
Authors: Peñín Llobell A. , Ferrater B.
Published: December 2016

La construcción de la Biblioteca de Vila-real, edificio seleccionado en 2012 en la VIII Bienal Iberoamericana de Arquitectura y Urbanismo, pone de manifiesto la importancia de la colaboración con la industria para el desarrollo y puesta en obra de su membrana exterior. El análisis del proceso constructivo de la cortina cerámica que la define, realizada mediante piezas cilíndricas de cerámica vidriada blanca de altura 7,5 m y diámetro 5 cm, así lo desvela. El sistema construye un espacio intersticial imprescindible para el funcionamiento e integración medioambiental del edificio, y, al tiempo, lo vincula tanto al tejido local industrial, del que aspira a erigirse como uno de sus exponentes, como a la cultura mediterránea de filtros y cortinas de eslabones. El procedimiento seguido se adscribe a la visión pragmática que, superado el movimiento moderno, implantaron personajes como Jean Prouvé y que, defendemos, hoy debiera encontrar cauces naturales y legales para su desarrollo en aras del progreso del sector de la construcción.
Cerámica y climatización saludable: paneles cerámicos radiantes en edificios. Condiciones de confort y demanda energética frente a sistemas convectivos
Authors: Echarri Iribarren V. , Galiano Garrigós A. L. , González Avilés Á. B.
Published: December 2016

El gres porcelánico es un material ampliamente utilizado en edificación. En los últimos años su uso ha experimentado un nuevo espectro de líneas de innovación e invención en sus aplicaciones en la arquitectura. En esta investigación de analiza la patente Panel de Acondicionamiento Térmico Cerámico, consistente en piezas de gres porcelánico de bajo espesor, que contienen tramas capilares a base de tubos de polipropileno de 3,5 mm de diámetro, e interfaz de pasta conductora. Estos sistemas trabajan con agua fría o caliente produciendo una climatización saludable por superficies radiantes. Tras una primera experiencia de prototipado y colocación de paneles en pared en un despacho de oficina, se han realizado simulaciones en el Museo de la Universidad de Alicante, colocando los paneles en pared, techo o tipo bafle, previa monitorización del estado actual del edificio. Se han analizado los parámetros de comportamiento térmico y se han comparado con otros materiales de acabado habituales. Se han obtenido resultados de confort térmico y ahorros energéticos de forma comparativa frente a sistemas todo-aire.
Espaces urbains en transformation. Les enjeux des associations de quartier et leur dynamique : vers de « nouveaux » mouvements sociaux ?
Authors: Beugnot Céline
Published: December 2016

Cet article étudie l’évolution des mouvements sociaux, dans le cadre de la transformation sociopolitique de l’Espagne contemporaine, à travers l’analyse des dynamiques qui façonnent l’un des principaux acteurs du conflit urbain : l’association de quartier.
A Thematic Analysis of Leadership Qualities of Women Leaders in Technology
Authors: Campbell Laurie O. , Truitt Joshua H. , Herlihy Christine P. , Plante Jarrad D.
Published: December 2016

There is known gender disparity and inequity of women leaders in technology and STEM fields. A rapid gender decline in these burgeoning fields has sparked a national renewed interest in purposefully attracting and mentoring more women to roles in technology leadership. The gender disparity is not only in attracting young women to consider a technology or STEM career but it is in women staying engaged once they choose a career in these areas. Efforts have been made to improve the sustainability of women in technology leadership roles. Books, articles, and manuscripts have been written, formal and informal meetings and corporate awareness programs have been conducted and mentorship programs abound to attract girls to consider technology as a career choice. Further, identifying women role models has been a strategy employed to promote gender awareness. Within the chapter, the qualitative content analysis study investigates four women roles models and identifies leadership characteristics of these known women leaders in technology. It answers the following questions: What are the leadership characteristics of known women role models in technology? What do these leaders value? How do their differences impact their leadership in the field? Finally, what have they identified as propelling them towards innovation and discovery?
Design Leadership in the Context of Emerging Technologies
Authors: Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: December 2016

Like never before technology is integrating into our existence. It has well and truly escaped from the confines of the desktop computer to permeate our environment both natural and artificial. As increasing numbers of humans interact with technology for many different purposes, on many different devices and in many different ways, design, in particular digital design, has become of paramount importance. Organizations are recognizing the importance of design and beginning to invest into design as a strategy to promote innovation and success in highly competitive global environments. Practitioners of technology are constantly searching for new technologies and new applications of technologies to make a more efficient and effective world. Not surprisingly then, attention is turning to design leadership not simply for organizational survival but also for fuelling ongoing technological innovation. The field of design leadership, particularly digital design leadership is, as one would expect, in its infancy, and although existing leadership in business literature provides some generic concepts for informing digital design leadership it is necessary to better understand leadership specifically as it applies to digital design. Borne of this need, the main aim of the present chapter is to make some contribution to the understanding of the capacities and capabilities of digital design leaders. To provide some background prior to discussing the capacities of effective digital design leaders, the idea of design is discussed, the role of the digital designer as used in the chapter is defined and some core ideas relating to leadership and design leadership are brought to the fore.
Global Citizen Leader
Authors: Tardif Kristin Joyce , Gordon Kimberley
Published: December 2016

Businesses that develop international trade must successfully network with transnational businesses, which in turn connects them with foreign governmental agencies, and global business professionals. Thus, studies of the connectivity between leaders and successful international businesses must continue in order to examine trends in ethics, attitudes and behaviors of the organizations. Likewise, organizational leaders who aspire to gain international success must be strategic in their approach, and mindful of their own ethics, attitudes and behaviors. Societal change, access to information, and international commercial engagement have enabled regional peoples who were formerly economically disadvantaged to have access to income; while such engagement has also shifted income from those who historically were in regions that were economically advantaged. The sheer volume of corporate entities engaged at the international level create incomprehensible pressure on key performance indicators. This chapter presents a study of a handful of respected global leaders and their attitude and behaviors. Be documenting the collection of cognitive and metacognitive schemas, a complex construct of global citizen leader was established.
Interpersonal Communication
Authors: O'Connor Jr. Johnny R. , Jackson Keonta N.
Published: December 2016

This chapter provides information regarding the importance of interpersonal communication in work settings. Whether in corporations or in educational settings, effective interpersonal communication is paramount, and required to ensure that pertinent information is properly conveyed. This is important to strategic leadership in that much thought and discussion must be focused on how, when, where, and what leaders communicate. If these elements are properly considered, organizations will be better positioned to benefit from positive outcomes yielded from a strategic approach to communication. Interpersonal communication is an abstract element that has significant implications for all organizations.
Leadership Shifts
Authors: Burton Sharon L.
Published: December 2016

This text examines the perception and consequences of new overall leaders whether in-person or cyber. First, the researcher presents fairness as a salient action by which followers, in-person or cyber, perceive leaders as working within the rules or standards for correct practice or conduits within a profession. Second, the researcher utilizes the fairness supposition to present leadership behaviors in that followers are generally willing to be led. Third, the researcher compares the fairness definition and supposition to a case study. Finally, the researcher presents how the values that brace leaders' fairness behaviors affect the behaviors of their followers and walk through behaviors and thoughts that may surface. The information will provide data that practitioners, and academes may employ in long and short term, in-person and cyber strategies.
Leadership Skills Development
Authors: Esquivel Mariana I. Vergara , Wallace Barbara , Du Xiaoxue , Chang Yi-Hui , Brito Aurora , Ong Fung Ling , Yorks Lyle , Gordon Edmund W. , Mac Quarrie Adam , Tjernstad Carl D. Brustad , Klempe Hroar , Dong Jingyi , Hagen Ingunn , Hoveid Marit Honerød , Tamariz Mariana I. , Williams Daniel , Lauri David , Galvan Rosario , Dennis Yvonne , Morales-Abbud Julia A.
Published: December 2016

In this chapter, Vergara (2016) describes a leadership development skills methodology called “Mindfulness into Action” (MIA). This methodology has been implemented in one informal intervention and three formal research-based interventions. MIA procedure is derived from multiple sources including indigenous knowledge, and organizational learning techniques. MIA is unique in its union of these sciences and manner of application to produce changes in behavior and perception in participants. Detailed analysis of these changes and the outcomes of the interventions is provided in Chapter Mindfulness into Action: Applying Systemic Thinking. Data suggest that the MIA Methodology effectively guides participants to recognize mindsets and behaviors that are sabotaging their social and professional function. Sustained engagement with the methodology yielded changes in mindsets and behaviors that generated a higher level of function and production. Our research includes indigenous practices in developing leadership skills. The idea of using Indigenous knowledge is not new. The work of Bates, Chiba, Kube and Nakashima (2009) states that Indigenous people have a broad knowledge of how to live sustainably. In her work of western-lead teams of researchers, Louise Grenier (1998) found that their development efforts usually fail to attain their objective because they did not take in account local technologies, local systems of knowledge, and the local environment. This study is focused in the implementation of this intervention with future research students through Indigenous practices. This intervention also uses organizational learning techniques. Chris Argyris with important help from Donald Schon (1974) and others developed the strategy called action science which is a strategy of organizational development. As participants identify their unknown behaviors, this chapter will introduce the theories and sciences behind MIA. These include Indigenous knowledge, mindset, reflexivity, mindfulness, leadership skills development, and organizational learning techniques. This chapter will also describe the anatomy of the methodology and the method of administering a MIA Intervention: 1) indigenous practices; 2) goal setting; 3) journaling; 4) visualization, and 5) organizational learning techniques. We conclude describing the methodology in the context of corporate realities and interests.
Leading with Intention
Authors: Rutigliano Nancy Kymn Harvin , Frost Amy
Published: December 2016

Strategic leadership and management have been widely studied through the lenses of economics, business models, theories of work, and the like. This chapter offers a unique view of strategic leadership and management through the examination of two collections of imperatives: “Leadership Under Fire” written by a retired U.S. Army Major and “Live With Intention” written by a businesswoman and author whose published work has been read by millions. We make the case that effective leadership and management is a function of the relationship with one's self, one's work as well as with a myriad of stakeholders. The unique lens of this chapter provides a means to consider “outside the box” approaches to fueling bottom-line results, sustainability, and global impact through strategic leadership and management.
Millennial Leadership Model
Authors: Petrelli Heather M. W.
Published: December 2016

Recent attention has been given to the attitudes, perceptions, and needs of the Millennial Generation both in the educational setting and the workforce. This chapter provides background and rationale for the development of a Millennial Leadership model benefitting teachers, administrators, and employers desiring to proactively address concerns attributed to individuals in the millennial generation, and positively influence their success. A brief overview of the past four generations events, both social and politically, that have shaped values and perspectives. Millennials at work and the effects of the economic recession on Millennials are also discussed. The chapter ends with a model for millennial leadership, which outlines clear expectations, open and respectful communication, consistent feedback, flexibility, involved decision-making and provided opportunities for growth.
Mindfulness
Authors: Rutigliano Nancy Kymn Harvin , Samson Roger M. , Frye Alexandria S.
Published: December 2016

Mindfulness is a cognitive strategy that can be employed by leaders and managers to counteract the often negative and sometimes overwhelming factors of stress, including ever-flowing information, data, and demands for attention, decisions, and accountability. Scientific research has shown that mindfulness can heighten productivity, creativity and innovation, and overall effectiveness. Mindfulness practices can, over time, alter brain chemistry and produce changes in neural circuits, often leading to reductions in perceived stress, increases in empathy, and broader emotional and cultural intelligence through heightened perception. Utilizing the benefits of mindfulness can fuel strategic leadership and management as well as individual and organizational success.
Problem Solving and Leadership Individual and Organizational Motivation Affected by Stress
Authors: Esquivel Mariana I. Vergara , Parks Clare , Reyes Adriana , Tirhi Susan , Tamariz Mariana I.
Published: December 2016

We are proposing implementing MIA through Diffusion Theory and MATCH Program Planning. Using a social ecological perspective, personal health behavior is influenced by an individual's thoughts and their relationships with others, their affiliation with organizations, their location within communities, and their connection with their culture (Simons-Morton, McLeroy, & Wendel, 2012). Multiple Approaches to Community Health (MATCH) is a socio-ecologic planning model that will guide the development and implementation of Mindfulness into Action (MIA) practices to address the personal health behaviors and environmental conditions of high school students living in low-income neighborhoods in New York City. Diffusion Theory (Rogers, 2003) will be employed in the development, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination of the program. As such, we are using an organizational learning technique by implementing MIA (chapter 31) (Vergara, 2016c) with high school students. As participants identify their unknown behaviors, we are planning to collect data regarding the changes in discipline incidents, bullying, and attendance between before and after the implementation of the Mindfulness into Action Initiative in the schools.
(Re) Defining Leadership in Higher Education in the U.S.
Authors: Monaghan Catherine H. , Boboc Marius
Published: December 2016

Any attempt to operationalize the concepts of strategic leadership and management has to take into account contextual factors that help shape them including the current level of interplay demonstrated in a variety of business and academic fields. Today's information society has particular characteristics that extend some of the leadership principles that evolved into authentic, distributive, or visionary strands. While the business world and higher education represent realms that are significantly different from one another, allowing them to support each other would benefit CEOs, Board Members, and college and university administration alike in terms of supporting societal change in a convergent manner.
Social Perceptions, Gender Roles, and Female Leadership
Authors: Seo Gaeun , Huang Wen-Hao David
Published: December 2016

Recent research continues to recognize the need for scholarly attention to top-level management as it relates to gender diversity in the workplace. As suggested, a high degree of diversity in top management could positively influence business growth and enable companies to address an aging workforce, attracting and/or retaining the most qualified talents for leadership positions. However, vertical gender segregation in organizations' top management levels remains common practice. Thus, to inform best practices for developing and sustaining a diverse leadership talent pool, this disparity needs to be addressed by identifying the underlying theories of this issue, which can facilitate a timely understanding of the structural oppression faced by women in their ascensions to senior management positions. This chapter presents a synthesis of American literature with the aim of identifying theoretical relationships related to social perceptions of gender roles regarding women's relatively delayed advancement to corporate senior management positions.
The Leadership Imperative of Self-Care
Authors: Rutigliano Nancy Kymn Harvin , Frost Amy
Published: December 2016

Leaders, in and at the helm of enterprises and organizations, are unacknowledged members of the helping professions. While the need for self-care is generally acknowledged for those in the traditional helping professions of medicine and teaching, self-care is equally essential for leaders in other professions. How leaders care for themselves impacts their ability to lead others effectively, make sound decisions, and bring out the best in others. Yet little attention has been paid to this subject and to the impact of not practicing self-care, which we define as “prioritizing time and taking measures to ensure that you are maintaining physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health for optimum performance at work.” We make the case that self-care is essential for effective leadership, offer guidance for dealing with the myths and barriers to self-care, and provide a framework for creating self-care plans for ourselves and those we work with.
Value-Based Leadership and Personality Type
Authors: Durante Regina
Published: December 2016

Organizational change is rarely easy. Many times, leaders and managers must deal with personality conflicts among workers, as well as tensions resulting from workers balancing work and home responsibilities. This chapter provides scholars and practitioners with an understanding of the influences value-based leadership and personality types play in driving leaders and behavior during organizational change. Further, the behaviors of stress and inaction of individuals and groups brought on by balancing work and home responsibilities during organizational change present readers with a deeper analysis and understanding of human behavior. Value-based leadership, perception, personality, and behavioral theories are discussed and examined through scenario activities designed for corporate, education, government, and non-profit sectors. Learning activity scenarios offer readers exercises in the decision-making process. Referencing personality strengths and areas of stress, readers have opportunities to engage in thoughtfully driven value-based solutions when managing an organizational change.
What Motivates an Individual to Lead and Engage in Leadership Development?
Authors: Norris Sharon E.
Published: December 2016

Leadership occurs within work units, groups, teams, and among supervisors, mid-level, and top-level managers, as well as when individuals interact with an organization's external environment. Leadership development refers to the experiences, training, and growth opportunities that help a leader mature and gain the knowledge and skills necessary for success in leadership positions. What motivates an individual to lead and seek out leadership development is the focus of this chapter. The motivation to lead and engage in leadership development is enhanced when a person has strong leader efficacy beliefs and engages in positive thought self-leadership. Leadership development initiatives designed to strengthen efficacy beliefs and encourage the development of thought self-leadership among emerging leaders are worthwhile strategic management techniques useful for enhancing overall leader effectiveness within organizations.
A Critical Review of Learning Organizations in the 21st Century
Authors: Wang Victor X. , Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: December 2016

With the forces of globalization, economic turbulence and persistent change bearing down on organizations, it is imperative to an organization's survival that it ‘stays ahead of the game'. Knowledge and the ability to learn faster than competitors is ultimately what will sustain the organization in the 21st century. In the present chapter, the authors critically analyse what it means to be a learning organization. An analysis of organizational components such as structure, atmosphere, management philosophy and attitudes, decision-making and policy-making, and communication is used to help distinguish learning organizations from static organizations. It is argued for an organization to be a learning, rather than static, organization, its leaders must be flexible and people-centered, and engage in the use of supportive power, involving high participation at all levels, and conducting multidirectional communication in order to turn static organizations into learning organizations.
Addressing Addictive Behaviors in the Workplace
Authors: Weiss-Randall Debra N. , Rich Nancy
Published: December 2016

Addictive behaviors pose increasingly serious problems in the workplace. Approximately 70% of the estimated 14.8 million Americans who use illegal drugs are employed. Recent changes in marijuana laws are a cause for concern. Substance abuse in the workplace costs employers an estimated $81 billion a year in workers' compensation, medical costs, absenteeism, lost productivity, and employee turnover. Managers needs to implement drug-free workplace policies and provide a healthy work environment to reduce stress-related drug abuse. EAPs must provide prevention activities that target at-risk employees, and identify users who need treatment. Health insurance should cover addiction treatment. Addiction is a function of not only the individual's behaviors and genetic disposition, but also his or her environmental influences. The workplace is an ideal setting for an addiction prevention program, as employees spend much of their waking lives there. Through strong leadership and provision of employee incentives, companies can make a healthy drug-free workplace a reality.
Inciting Grassroots Change
Authors: Chance Shannon
Published: December 2016

In higher education, policies and strategic plans often achieve fewer positive outcomes than their makers intend. Motivating teachers to innovate is remarkably difficult. Pleas issued by accreditation agencies and professional organizations, asking teachers to implement pedagogies that develop transferrable skills like collaboration and self-directed learning among engineering students, have gone largely unaddressed. To help leaders achieve change, this chapter analyzes one case that accrued positive results. It studies how change unfolded at a postsecondary institution in Ireland and discusses factors that enabled learning on the part of individuals, small groups, and their college. In this case, a grassroots effort by teachers was matched by institutional support that, although poorly understood by the teachers, built their capacity and set the stage for change.
Managing Stress in the Workplace
Authors: Weiss-Randall Debra N.
Published: December 2016

Companies want their employees to work to their potential, to have high productivity and low absenteeism. Research has shown that workers produce more when they are satisfied with their occupational role, which is dependent on a number of factors, including job control, job reward, and creating a work culture that values and responds to employee feedback. It is time for employers to develop comprehensive workplace wellness programs that incorporate a mental health component, including stress reduction programs. Stress management activities need to be integrated into the everyday life of the company, with strong, visible support from the firm's leadership. The Job-Demand Resources (JD-R) Model of stress management in the workplace provides a solid theoretical underpinning for workplace wellness programs, and enables companies to tailor stress management assessments and interventions to their industry and jobsite. EAPs should make promotion of their counseling services and accessibility to these services a higher priority so as to improve employee usage rates, which are currently quite low.