bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las tormentas de granizo en la Comunidad Valenciana: cartografía de riesgo en la actividad agraria
Authors: Olcina Cantos Jorge , Rico Amorós Antonio Manuel , Jiménez Rodríguez Arturo
Published: June 2015

Las tormentas de granizo constituyen uno de los riesgos climáticos más dañinos para la actividad agraria de las tierras valencianas. Con un calendario de riesgo que se prolonga entre abril y octubre, las distintas comarcas sufren, con diverso grado de incidencia, las consecuencias de este fenómeno meteorológico. Vaguadas y depresiones frías en altitud generadas por expansión de masas de aire frías de procedencia diversa —polares y árticas— son la causa meteorológica que motiva el desarrollo de potentes núcleos convectivos con precipitación de granizo. En el trabajo se presenta un mapa de riesgo de los episodios de granizo en la región valenciana atendiendo a la frecuencia de aparición y valoración de daños en los cultivos, de gran utilidad para la posterior elaboración de propuestas de ordenación de la actividad agraria.
Los inmigrados españoles en Francia
Authors: Sempere Souvannavong Juan David
Published: June 2015

En Francia hay, según el último censo, más de 400.000 emigrados españoles. Se trata de una población envejecida y mayoritariamente femenina que se reparte por numerosos departamentos del país. Tras la ruptura que se produjo en la emigración española con la crisis de los años 1970, este colectivo ha dado un giro importante en su evolución. Los emigrados españoles han terminado integrándose bastante bien en la sociedad francesa como lo demuestra la terciarización de sus actividades económicas y el hecho de que la mayoría de éstos poseen la nacionalidad francesa.
La relación clima-turismo: consideraciones básicas en los fundamentos teóricos y prácticos
Authors: Gómez Martín Belén
Published: June 2015

El presente artículo intenta poner de manifiesto la estrecha relación existente entre los elementos climáticos y las actividades turísticas así como evidenciar la necesidad de conocer con el mayor detalle posible los términos de dicha relación, con el objetivo de poder intervenir de una forma adecuada sobre la ordenación y la planificación turística.
Geomorfología continental y submarina del espacio costero entre Denia y Benidorm (Alicante): notas bibliográficas
Authors: Blázquez Morilla Ana María
Published: June 2015

Este trabajo presenta una breve recopilación bibliográfica sobre la geomorfología y sedimentología, tanto continental como submarina, del tramo litoral extendido entre Denia y Benidorm. En líneas generales, los ambientes morfológicos y deposicionales que configuran esta área están representados por zonas acantiladas que alternan con costas bajas, asociadas a llanos aluviales o sistemas de restinga-albufera, a las que se enfrenta una plataforma con doble comportamiento: progradante al N del Cap de Sant Antoni e intermedia al sur de este accidente.
Síntesis de los riesgos climáticos que afectan al espacio europeo
Authors: Olcina Cantos Jorge
Published: June 2015

El territorio europeo es tributario de riesgos variados de origen atmosférico. Lluvias abundantes o intensas que provocan inundaciones, oleadas de frío, advecciones saharianas, sequías y tormentas de granizo forman el catálogo de episodios meteorológicos de rango extraordinario en Europa. Algunas regiones europeas se encuentran entre las zonas de riesgo máximo de alguno de estos eventos atmosféricos a escala planetaria. Se presenta un mapa síntesis que delimita las zonas de riesgo de cada unos de los episodios atmosféricos extraordinarios que afectan a Europa, base para la realización de una catalogación de climas basada en los riesgos climáticos propios de cada ámbito planetario.
La nueva Ley del Suelo de 1998 en el contexto del neoliberalismo postmoderno
Authors: Rullan Salamanca Onofre
Published: June 2015

La llegada a España del sistema productivo postindustrial ha coincidido con la elaboración de Planes Generales de Ordenación Urbana de cuño claramente industrial, basados en el modelo urbanístico que la Ley del Suelo de 1958 y sus sucesivas reformas han consolidado. En 1990, desde la legislación estatal, se dan tímidos pasos urbanísticos hacia la liberalización postindustrial que serán desautorizados por la Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional (STC) de 1998 al desapoderar al Estado en gran parte de estas competencias. Paralelamente a la STC, en 1998, verá la luz la cuarta Ley del Suelo española que, con pretensiones también liberalizadoras, plantea, entre otros, un nuevo esquema metodológico para la clasificación del suelo. Sin embargo, el producto urbanístico de la nueva secuencia en la clasificación del suelo que ahora se plantea no es tan diferente del anterior como se ha pretendido. Ambas leyes (1990 y 1998) se inscriben en contextos postmodernos de liberalización de la actividad urbanística. Mientras tanto subsisten los viejos problemas del urbanismo español a los que ahora se añade la incertidumbre competencial que la STC ha provocado. Se abre así un período en que deberán ser la Comunidades Autónomas las que tomen el relevo en la apertura de nuevos caminos urbanísticos y quienes, ante la integración territorial y urbanística en escenarios europeos, tejan el descompuesto velo urbanístico estatal que la STC ha provocado.
La inmigración irregular de africanos en España, balances y perspectivas
Authors: Gozálvez Pérez Vicente
Published: June 2015

Los africanos son el colectivo extranjero en España que más se ha incrementado durante la última década; la mayoría se instaló de modo irregular, aunque con posterioridad se han regularizado en alta proporción, sobre todo a través de las Regularizaciones extraordinarias (1985-86, 1991, 1996) y de los permisos de trabajo ofertados en los Contingentes anuales para trabajadores extranjeros no comunitarios (1993-1998). En esta línea se destacan las principales acciones derivadas de la política española de inmigración. La agricultura mediterránea española, por sus características, es utilizada como «puerta», o primera actividad en España, por muchos inmigrantes africanos en situación irregular, sobre todo por los recién llegados.
Turismo y espacios rurales: conceptos, filosofías y realidades
Authors: Ivars Baidal Josep Antoni
Published: June 2015

Numerosos estudios referidos al turismo rural se centran, casi exclusivamente, en variables turísticas y se ocupan sólo tangencialmente de los espacios donde se localiza esta actividad, considerándolos un mero soporte de la misma. De otro lado, en las investigaciones sobre los espacios rurales, es poco frecuente encontrar análisis detallados de la actividad turística desde una perspectiva sectorial. Sin embargo, el hecho turístico es indisociable del espacio donde se localiza y, en mayor medida, si aspiramos a un desarrollo turístico sostenible. El presente artículo trata de identificar las transformaciones operadas en los espacios rurales porque éstas inciden decisivamente en el desarrollo de la actividad turística y en la aportación del turismo al desarrollo rural. Tras la consideración de una serie de criterios para la definición del turismo rural, haciendo hincapié en la diferencia entre los modelos deseables y los desarrollos concretos, se valoran sintéticamente algunos aspectos de la evolución del turismo rural en nuestro país.
El cauce del río Molinar: vestigio de las primeras fases de la industrialización (Alcoy, Alicante)
Authors: Sebastiá Alcaraz Rafael
Published: June 2015

El itinerario didáctico por el cauce del río Molinar tiene como objetivo facilitar la asimilación de contenidos y difundir: a) el origen de la industrialización y los factores de localización en un municipio pionero de Europa, Alcoy; b) el respeto por el Patrimonio Cultural y destacar su aprovechamiento didáctico; c) el acceso a fuentes de información directa y la educación en valores.
Geografía Física o Ciencias Naturales
Authors: García Fernández Jesús
Published: June 2015

La reflexión sobre las disciplinas científicas es fundamental para el avance del saber. Sin la duda, no hay avance científico. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre los conceptos de geografía y geografía física. A partir de una visión antropocéntrica de la geografía —la única posible— se presentan ideas básicas sobre los contenidos, métodos de trabajo y significado de las diversas ramas de la geografía física en la actualidad.
Sierra Morena como espacio protegido: del olvido tradicional al interés reciente
Authors: Mulero Mendigorri Alfonso
Published: June 2015

En este artículo se analiza el papel que la Sierra Morena andaluza desempeña en las políticas de conservación de espacios naturales. En la primera parte se describen las principales iniciativas emprendidas en esta unidad geográfica, destacándose los criterios seguidos y las figuras de protección empleadas; en segundo lugar, se señalan las dificultades y limitaciones de la actual red de áreas protegidas, y, por último, se indican las perspectivas inmediatas que ha generado la Directiva Hábitats de la Unión Europea.
Industria y ciudad: entre la aceptación y el rechazo de una relación histórica
Authors: Ponce Herrero Gabino , Martínez Pérez Francisco Juan
Published: June 2015

El desarrollo de las actividades industriales ha ido siempre seguido de un importante impulso del proceso urbanizador y del crecimiento de las ciudades. El modelo de producción fordista para masas y la generación de empleos de larga duración se halla en el origen de la gran transformación social experimentada en los países industrializados. Pero la relación entre industria y ciudad no está exenta de tensiones y desequilibrios, que han sido objeto de reflexiones teóricas hasta concretarse en un modelo de planeamiento generalizado, de gran trascendencia social.
El índice NAO y la precipitación mensual en la España peninsular
Authors: Martín Vide Javier , Fernández Belmonte David
Published: June 2015

En el artículo se realiza un análisis detallado a resolución mensual de la correlación existente entre un índice NAO y la precipitación en la España peninsular. El índice NAO se ha construido a partir de la presión atmosférica en superficie en Lisboa y Reykjavik, mientras que las series de precipitación mensual utilizadas corresponden a 41 observatorios durante el período 1900-1994. Los resultados obtenidos permiten distinguir cuatro grupos de meses: de octubre a marzo, inclusives, con buena correlación negativa entre el índice NAO y la precipitación en el centro y suroeste de la Península Ibérica, lo que permite regionalizar el área de estudio en tres regiones; abril y mayo, con una dependencia pluviométrica apreciable, aunque menor que en los meses anteriores; el trimestre estival, de junio a agosto, sin señal NAO; y el mes de septiembre, que puede considerarse de transición entre el trimestre estival y el período de clara significación de la señal NAO.
Avenidas fluviales e inundaciones en el Medio Vinalopó en el tránsito de los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Pérez García-Torres Ana Pilar
Published: June 2015

El presente análisis evidencia la importancia que han tenido las avenidas fluviales e inundaciones en el Medio Vinalopó a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. El estudio de episodios históricos de avenidas resulta esencial para mejorar las actuaciones de prevención, seguridad y control, que persiguen la reducción de efectos dañinos en este ámbito alicantino.
The steady Navier–Stokes problem with the inhomogeneous
Navier-type boundary conditions in a 2D multiply-connected bounded domain
Authors: Neustupa Jiří
Published: June 2015

We assume that Ω is a bounded domain in

ℝ

2

${{\mathbb {R}}^2}$

with N
holes. We study the steady Navier–Stokes problem with
inhomogeneous Navier-type boundary conditions in Ω
(problem BVP-1) and the two other related problems BVP-2 and
BVP-3. We prove the existence of strong solutions of BVP-2 and
BVP-3 and the uniqueness of solutions for “small data”. The
existence of a strong solution of BVP-1 is proven only if the
body force

𝐟

${\mathbf {f}}$

belongs to a certain set

𝔐
(

ℝ

N

)

${\mathfrak {M}({\mathbb {R}}^N)}$

. We show that
problem BVP-1 is not solvable for some configurations of given
boundary data and body forces.
On the removability of isolated singular points for elliptic equations involving variable exponent
Authors: Fu Yongqiang , Shan Yingying
Published: June 2015

In this paper, we study the problem of removable isolated singularities for elliptic equations with variable exponents. We give a sufficient condition for removability of the isolated singular point for the equations in

W

1
,
p
(
x
)

(
Ω
)

${W^{1,p(x)}(\Omega )}$

.
Erasistratus’ Triplokia of Arteries, Veins and Nerves
Authors: Leith David
Published: June 2015

This paper looks in detail at Erasistratus of Ceos’ theory of the
The Janus faces of acquired angioedema: C1-inhibitor deficiency, lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity
Authors: Wu Maddalena Alessandra , Castelli Roberto
Published: June 2015

Several clinical and biological features of lymphoproliferative diseases have been associated with an increased risk of developing autoimmune manifestations. Acquired deficiency of C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) (AAE) is a rare syndrome clinically similar to hereditary angioedema (HAE) characterized by local increase in vascular permeability (angioedema) of the skin and the gastrointestinal and oro-pharyngo-laryngeal mucosa. Bradykinin, a potent vasoactive peptide, released from high molecular weight kininogen when it is cleaved by plasma kallikrein (a serine protease controlled by C1-INH), is the mediator of symptoms. In total 46% of AAE patients carry an underlying hematological disorder including monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) or B cell malignancies. However, 74% of AAE patients have anti-C1-INH autoantibodies without hematological, clinical or instrumental evidence of lymphoproliferative disease. Unlike HAE patients, AAE patients usually have late-onset symptoms, do not have a family history of angioedema and present variable response to treatment due to the hypercatabolism of C1-INH. Experiments show that C1-INH and/or the classical complement pathway were consumed by the neoplastic lymphatic tissues and/or anti-C1-INH neutralizing autoantibodies. Therapy of AAE follows two directions: 1) prevention/reversal of the symptoms of angioedema; and 2) treatment of the associated disease. Different forms of B cell disorders coexist and/or evolve into each other in AAE and seem to be dominated by an altered control of B cell proliferation, thus AAE represents an example of the strict link between autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation.
Coercive and noncoercive nonlinear Neumann problems with indefinite potential
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D.
Published: June 2015

We consider nonlinear Neumann problems driven by a nonhomogeneous differential operator and an indefinite potential. In this paper we are concerned with two distinct cases. We first consider the case where the reaction is (p-1)-sublinear near ±∞ and (p-1)-superlinear near zero. In this setting the energy functional of the problem is coercive. In the second case, the reaction is (p-1)-superlinear near ±∞ (without satisfying the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition) and has a (p-1)-sublinear growth near zero. Now, the energy functional is indefinite. For both cases we prove “three solutions theorems” and in the coercive setting we provide sign information for all of them. Our approach combines variational methods, truncation and perturbation techniques, and Morse theory (critical groups).
Representations of Zainichi Koreans in Japanese Media: The Case of The Japan Times 2000–2014
Authors: Kumpis Arvydas
Published: June 2015

Zainichi Koreans are Korean nationals, permanently living in Japan without holding Japanese citizenship. Their living conditions there have been difficult from the very beginning, dating back to 1910. Since then, various myths and stereotypes were created about Zainichi Koreans. What is more interesting, media has been playing an important role in spreading information about them and creating a specific image about this ethnic minority in Japan. In order to find out what image of Zainichi Koreans is being created nowadays, articles in Japanese internet news website The Japan Times were used while accomplishing a discourse analysis.
Emptying Śūnyatā: a Critical Reading of Nishitani’s Religion and Nothingness
Authors: Motiekaitis Ramunas
Published: June 2015

In this article, invoking some terms of phenomenology and general principles of structural semiotics, I critically examine and reveal some aporetic aspects of Nishitani’s interpretation of Buddhist concept of sūnyatā presented in his seminal work Religion and Nothingness. My critics are directed to deeply ingrained claims among scholars of a “rejection of any form of dualism” and “non-substantial philosophy” as unique characteristics of the Kyoto school or “logic of the East”. My arguments are based on examining how linguistic differentiating articulation and narrative rendering that perform a fundamental role in human cognition are at work in definition of “emptiness” (sūnyatā) too. Thus emptiness is not completely empty; being certain philosophical identity it can be articulated only by differentiation from other identities, and thus different is included in it. Nishitani needed logocentric modes of thought, as a dialectical (m)other for constructing his sūnyatā ontology. Accordingly, the realms that are considered to be secondary or derivative (i.e. sensual and rational, or linguistic representations) appear to be the condition for constituting the primary (suchness of things, sūnyatā). Considering universal mechanisms of the articulation of values I am also asking whether sūnyatā paradigm indeed is so fundamentally different from Western paradigms centered on idea, God, or a rational subject as Nishitani wants to think. Since we find a clear hierarchical differentiation into truth and illusion, authentic and inauthentic modes of thought and time, and initial and derivative ontological realms, features of “strong thought” (in sense of Vattimo) are evident in his work. I am also suggesting, that possibly by considering not sūnyatā or “idea” but human languages as a universal “house of being”, we would be able to “empty” discourses of radical difference and uniqueness, and in this way become post-nationalistically modern. Philosophy, in order not to turn into a onesided ideology, should reflect on its mythological and narratological conditions, i.e. dances on certain semiotic axes. From such a perspective, the gravitational trajectory of human thought, longing for conjunction with the absolute, defined either as God or as sūnyatā, will seem similar rather than different.
Parents’ experiences of having a baby with ambiguous genitalia
Authors: Oliveira Mailme de Souza , de Paiva-e-Silva Roberto Benedito , Guerra-Junior Gil , Maciel-Guerra Andréa Trevas
Published: June 2015

Health professionals must be aware of the impact on parents of the birth of children with ambiguous genitalia. This study aimed to analyze the experiences and perceptions of such parents. Parents of 30 children who were evaluated in a reference center for disorders of sex development (DSD) were interviewed. The questionnaire covered the prenatal period, the moment they were told about the disorder, initial management by health professionals, and problems they experienced. Only two cases were detected during pregnancy. The news was usually given to the mother alone by pediatricians. Most parents kept it secret and avoided exposing the baby to the prejudice of others. Parents of children who were referred without sex assignment usually held a personal belief of their child’s sex. Previous assignment was based on clinical examination and/or karyotype. Spreading knowledge about DSD could increase awareness of this issue, thus reducing parents’ shock and societal stigma. Training of neonatal care teams is required to avoid assignment before evaluation.
Seeing and Tasting
Authors: Tebben Maryann
Published: June 2015

Drawing from historical cookbooks, literary works, and contemporary sources, this article traces a shift in the conception of the French dessert course from an adjunct but fully edible form in the seventeenth century to a mainly visual element in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to the current balance between edibility and “legibility” in iconic desserts. What was once simply fruit and then pure ornament is now at once delicious and symbolic. The essay argues that present-day desserts represent a merging of taste and aesthetics, with the “decoration” now in the form of a colorful and sometimes invented history. When the dessert course was democratized in the nineteenth century—open to bourgeois tables—specific dishes became “textualized,” codified by name and form and inscribed with origin stories that connect these dishes to French identity, making dessert both symbolically and materially accessible to a wider public.
“Dirty, Authentic…Delicious”
Authors: Gottlieb Dylan
Published: June 2015

This article examines how Philadelphia’s emergent middle class—young, urbane, educated, and overwhelmingly white—digests the gentrifying multiethnic city. Drawing on Yelp reviews of South Philadelphia’s Mexican restaurants, it deconstructs their conflicting ideas about “authenticity.” Naming the authentic has an important social function for these consumers: by exhibiting their cross-cultural literacy and cosmopolitan tastes, Yelpers signal their belonging to and mastery of the diverse city. By categorizing what is “really Mexican,” this article suggests, they solidify their status as self-styled urban adventurers.
Food Hackers
Authors: Kera Denisa , Denfeld Zack , Kramer Cathrine
Published: June 2015

The emergence of food collectives, as well as movements identifying with makerspace and hackerspace cultures such as Food Hacking Base and Hackteria, supports various experimental and playful practices, which are often participatory. We discuss a case study of foodhacking practices (the 2012 workshop in Prague on issues of spices and globalization) to identify the functions of such playful food prototypes. These practices paradoxically revive the original ideas of Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin’s 1825 The Physiology of Taste, fusing gastronomy with global politics, science, business, and even philosophy. Present-day food hackers, like Savarin’s “political gastronomes,” use the “pleasures of the table” and gourmandism as an opportunity to rethink and experiment with both private and public systems around food and to question future scenarios.
In Search of Monk Hall
Authors: Winship Michael
Published: June 2015

Michael Winship, “In Search of Monk Hall: A Publishing History of George Lippard’s The Quaker City” (pp. 132–149)

A reconstruction of the complicated publication history of George Lippard’s The Quaker City, or the Monks of Monk Hall (1844-45), based on an examination of the available evidence, including the few surviving manuscript sources, newspaper notices and advertisements, scarce surviving early copies of the work itself, and contemporaneous accounts. Among the issues addressed are: the chronology of publication of the original ten numbers of the work; the evolving relationship between Lippard and his publisher, George B. Zieber; and the methods of distribution and number of copies produced and sold. This account suggests that a better understanding of how The Quaker City was produced and circulated in its own time will enrich scholars’ understanding of the novel and the cultural work that it performed.
Spontaneous right-sided microcavitations in a healthy adult
Authors: Patel Hena , Boateng Stephen , Singh Gurpreet , Feinstein Steven
Published: June 2015

Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is frequently observed in patients with structural and functional cardiovascular abnormalities. Literature describes cases of SEC either from agglutination of red blood cells and plasma proteins or from microcavitations. SEC secondary to the former is an independent predictor of future thromboembolic events and is most commonly observed in the left atrium or left atrial appendage. Thus, many authors reason that left atrial SEC is an indication for initiating anticoagulant therapy. We report a rare case of right atrial SEC that was incidentally found during echocardiographic evaluation of isolated peripheral edema in a healthy adult with a structurally normal heart. At present, there are no studies to offer guidance for management of right atrial SEC. This case emphasizes a necessary area of future research.
The Comparison between Minimally Invasive Coronary Bypass Grafting Surgery and Conventional Bypass Grafting Surgery in Proximal LAD Lesion
Authors: Ezelsoy Mehmet , Caynak Baris , Bayram Muhammed , Oral Kerem , Bayramoglu Zehra , Sagbas Ertan , Aytekın Vedat , Akpınar Belhhan
Published: June 2015

Background: Minimally invasive bypass grafting surgery has entered the clincal routine in several centers around the world, with an increasing popularity in the last decade. In our study, we aimed to make a comparison between minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and conventional bypass grafting surgery in isolated proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions.
Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2011, patients with proximal LAD lesions, who were treated with robotically assisted minimally invasive coronary artery bypass surgery and conventional bypass surgery, were included in the study. In Group 1, coronary bypass with cardiopulmonary bypass and complete sternotomy were applied to 35 patients and in Group 2, robotically assisted minimally invasive bypass surgery was applied to 35 patients. The demographic, preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative data were collected retrospectively.
Results: The mean follow-up time of the conventional bypass group was 5.7 ± 1.7 years, whereas this ratio was 7.3 ±1.3 in the robotic group. There was no postoperative transient ischemic attack (TIA), wound infection, mortality, or need for intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in any of the patients. In the conventional bypass group, blood transfusion and ventilation time were significantly higher (P < .05) than in the robotic group. The intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospital stay were remarkably shorter in the robotic group
(P < .01). The postoperative pneumonia rate was significantly higher (20%) in the conventional bypass group
(P < .01). Postoperative day 1 pain score was higher in the robotic group (P < .05), however, postoperative day 3 pain score in the conventional bypass group was higher (P < .05). Graft patency rate was 88.6% in the conventional bypass group whereas this ratio was 91.4% in the robotic bypass group, which was not clinically significant (P > .05).
Conclusion: In isolated proximal LAD stenosis, robotic assisted minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting surgery requires less blood products, is associated with shorter ICU and hospital stay, and lesser pain in the early postoperative period in contrast to conventional surgery. The result of our studies, which showed similarities to the past studies, lead us to recognize the importance of minimally invasive interventions and the need to perform them more frequently in the future.
Aortic Valve Replacement in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Not an Ordinary Procedure
Authors: Muretti Mirko , Massi Francesco , Coradduzza Enrico , Portoghese Michele
Published: June 2015

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an inherited disorder with incidences of approximately 1:500 and 1:1,000,000 in heterozygous and homozygous form respectively. Affected patients usually show early coronary artery disease and severe aortic root calcification, despite optimization of therapy. We report a case of a 64-year-old woman affected by heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia which presented dyspnea and anginal symptoms due to a severely calcified aortic root causing valve stenosis and narrowed sinotubular junction. Aortic valve replacement and aortic root enlargement were performed using the Manougian procedure. Even for experiences surgeons, this surgery could prove challenging for this group of patients due to aggressive degenerative tissue calcification of the aortic root, which often presents an extremely calcified aortic valve with a small annulus associated to a narrowed sinotubular junction.
Clinical Observation of Postoperative Warfarin Anticoagulation in 300 Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Replacement with a Carbomedics Mechanical Valve
Authors: Wu Lianhe , Chang Qing , Wang Tianyi , Zhang Zhengsheng , Lou Yanmeng
Published: June 2015

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of low-intensity warfarin treatment in Chinese patients after mitral valve replacement as well as the rationality of the INR standards of the hospital (The First People’s Hospital of Jining City).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 270 cases in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013; 239 patients completed the 5-year follow-up. There were 192 male and
78 female subjects, age 32-65 years old with a mean age
51.51 ± 12.12 years old. All eligible candidates received a Carbomedics artificial mechanical valve replacement and were anticoagulated under this hospital’s current guidelines for postoperative anticoagulant therapy mitral valve replacement (INR 1.8-2.5). We analyzed the patient’s regularly recorded prothrombin times (PTs) and the occurrence of anticoagulation-related complications, such as bleeding, thrombosis, and embolism.
Results: A follow-up for 239 of 300 patients was performed for 3-60 months. Within this group, one patient died from cerebral hemorrhage, there was 1 case of subcutaneous bleeding, 1 case of epistaxis, 12 cases of gingival bleeding, in 15 menstrual quantity increased, and in 1 case we found cerebral infarction.
Conclusion: In conclusion, low-intensity anticoagulation after mitral Carbomedics valve replacement is therapeutically effective and safe. There is room to improve the anticoagulation standard currently used, perhaps at a slightly lower level than this standard suggests. From our research we can formulate individualized treatment plans and effectively reduce the occurrence of complications.
Early Bioprosthesis Failure: Report of Three Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Zhao An , Ben Zhang , Fan Yang , Xiaohong Liu , Zhiyun Xu
Published: June 2015

Background: We experienced three rare early bioprosthesis failure (EBF) cases. In this study, we analyze the causes and discuss the coping strategy of EBF.
Methods: We reviewed all cases of EBF in patients who received a bioprosthesis replacement in Changhai Hospital between January 2001 and January 2014, and reviewed related articles that were published between 1994 and 2014, searching for keywords in PubMed such as “bioprosthesis,” “heart valve prosthesis,” “early failure,” and “bioprosthesis failure.”
Results: Only three cases were found in Changhai Hospital during this time period. The reasons for EBF in these
3 cases were: native valve attachment, early calcification caused by metabolic syndrome, and early valve thrombosis. Literature review identified an additional 14 cases. The reasons for EBF in these 14 cases were as follows: native valve attachment in 6 cases; metabolic abnormalities in 3 cases; early valve thrombosis in 2 cases; chronic inflammation in
2 cases; and improper operation in 1 case.
Conclusion: EBF is a rare but serious complication. The cause of EBF is complex. Appropriate preventive measures should be developed according to the condition of the patient.
Cardiovascular Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients with Preoperative Non-dialysis Dependent Renal Insufficiency
Authors: Bahar Temur , Mehmet Kaplan , Muruvvet Yilmaz , Nehir Selcuk Ummuhan , Tolga Can , Adlan Olsun , Hakkı Aydogan
Published: June 2015

Background: Preoperative renal insufficiency is a predictor of acute renal injury in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methods: From January 2010 to September 2012, 121 patients undergoing coronary bypass, valve replacement, or both were included in our retrospective study, using cardiopulmonary bypass. We compared the changes in renal function and clinical outcomes of 66 patients with a baseline serum creatinine level more than 1.5 mg/dL with 55 patients with normal serum creatinine levels. We analyzed the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with non-dialysis dependent renal insufficiency.
Results: In the group of patients with preoperative renal injury, the need for dialysis was greater, time of mechanical ventilation longer, and daily diuresis lesser compared with the group of patients with normal serum creatinine levels. Other clinical outcomes such as postoperative hemodynamic problems and organ dysfunction were similar. Prolonged time of cardiopulmonary bypass and cross-clamp affected postoperative renal injury. The study also showed intraoperative dopamine infusion at renal dose and ultrafiltration are not effective with protecting renal tubular function. Serum creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were found to be useful parameters for renal injury.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the safety and trustworthiness of cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with non-dialysis dependent renal insufficiency.
Insights into Ongoing Evolution of the Hexachlorocyclohexane Catabolic Pathway from Comparative Genomics of Ten Sphingomonadaceae Strains
Authors: Pearce Stephen L , Oakeshott John G , Pandey Gunjan
Published: June 2015

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), a synthetic organochloride, was first used as a broad-acre insecticide in the 1940s, and many HCH-degrading bacterial strains have been isolated from around the globe during the last 20 years. To date, the same degradation pathway (the lin pathway) has been implicated in all strains characterized, although the pathway has only been characterized intensively in two strains and for only a single HCH isomer. To further elucidate the evolution of the lin pathway, we have biochemically and genetically characterized three HCH-degrading strains from the Czech Republic and compared the genomes of these and seven other HCH-degrading bacterial strains. The three new strains each yielded a distinct set of metabolites during their degradation of HCH isomers. Variable assembly of the pathway is a common feature across the 10 genomes, eight of which (including all three Czech strains) were either missing key lin genes or containing duplicate copies of upstream lin genes (linA-F). The analysis also confirmed the important role of horizontal transfer mediated by insertion sequence IS6100 in the acquisition of the pathway, with a stronger association of IS6100 to the lin genes in the new strains. In one strain, a linA variant was identified that likely caused a novel degradation phenotype involving a shift in isomer preference. This study identifies a number of strains that are in the early stages of lin pathway acquisition and shows that the state of the pathway can explain the degradation patterns observed.
A Search for Parent-of-Origin Effects on Honey Bee Gene Expression
Authors: Kocher Sarah D , Tsuruda Jennifer M , Gibson Joshua D , Emore Christine M , Arechavaleta-Velasco Miguel E , Queller David C , Strassmann Joan E , Grozinger Christina M , Gribskov Michael R , San Miguel Phillip , Westerman Rick , Hunt Greg J
Published: June 2015

Parent-specific gene expression (PSGE) is little known outside of mammals and plants. PSGE occurs when the expression level of a gene depends on whether an allele was inherited from the mother or the father. Kin selection theory predicts that there should be extensive PSGE in social insects because social insect parents can gain inclusive fitness benefits by silencing parental alleles in female offspring. We searched for evidence of PSGE in honey bees using transcriptomes from reciprocal crosses between European and Africanized strains. We found 46 transcripts with significant parent-of-origin effects on gene expression, many of which overexpressed the maternal allele. Interestingly, we also found a large proportion of genes showing a bias toward maternal alleles in only one of the reciprocal crosses. These results indicate that PSGE may occur in social insects. The nonreciprocal effects could be largely driven by hybrid incompatibility between these strains. Future work will help to determine if these are indeed parent-of-origin effects that can modulate inclusive fitness benefits.
Development of a 63K SNP Array for Cotton and High-Density Mapping of Intraspecific and Interspecific Populations of Gossypium spp.
Authors: Hulse-Kemp Amanda M , Lemm Jana , Plieske Joerg , Ashrafi Hamid , Buyyarapu Ramesh , Fang David D , Frelichowski James , Giband Marc , Hague Steve , Hinze Lori L , Kochan Kelli J , Riggs Penny K , Scheffler Jodi A , Udall Joshua A , Ulloa Mauricio , Wang Shirley S , Zhu Qian-Hao , Bag Sumit K , Bhardwaj Archana , Burke John J , Byers Robert L , Claverie Michel , Gore Michael A , Harker David B , Islam Md S , Jenkins Johnie N , Jones Don C , Lacape Jean-Marc , Llewellyn Danny J , Percy Richard G , Pepper Alan E , Poland Jesse A , Mohan Rai Krishan , Sawant Samir V , Singh Sunil Kumar , Spriggs Andrew , Taylor Jen M , Wang Fei , Yourstone Scott M , Zheng Xiuting , Lawley Cindy T , Ganal Martin W , Van Deynze Allen , Wilson Iain W , Stelly David M
Published: June 2015

High-throughput genotyping arrays provide a standardized resource for plant breeding communities that are useful for a breadth of applications including high-density genetic mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic selection (GS), complex trait dissection, and studying patterns of genomic diversity among cultivars and wild accessions. We have developed the CottonSNP63K, an Illumina Infinium array containing assays for 45,104 putative intraspecific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for use within the cultivated cotton species Gossypium hirsutum L. and 17,954 putative interspecific SNP markers for use with crosses of other cotton species with G. hirsutum. The SNPs on the array were developed from 13 different discovery sets that represent a diverse range of G. hirsutum germplasm and five other species: G. barbadense L., G. tomentosum Nuttal × Seemann, G. mustelinum Miers × Watt, G. armourianum Kearny, and G. longicalyx J.B. Hutchinson and Lee. The array was validated with 1,156 samples to generate cluster positions to facilitate automated analysis of 38,822 polymorphic markers. Two high-density genetic maps containing a total of 22,829 SNPs were generated for two F2 mapping populations, one intraspecific and one interspecific, and 3,533 SNP markers were co-occurring in both maps. The produced intraspecific genetic map is the first saturated map that associates into 26 linkage groups corresponding to the number of cotton chromosomes for a cross between two G. hirsutum lines. The linkage maps were shown to have high levels of collinearity to the JGI G. raimondii Ulbrich reference genome sequence. The CottonSNP63K array, cluster file and associated marker sequences constitute a major new resource for the global cotton research community.
Evidence for a Common Origin of Homomorphic and Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes in Distinct Spinacia Species
Authors: Fujito Satoshi , Takahata Satoshi , Suzuki Reimi , Hoshino Yoichiro , Ohmido Nobuko , Onodera Yasuyuki
Published: June 2015

The dioecious genus Spinacia is thought to include two wild relatives (S. turkestanica Ilj. and S. tetrandra Stev.) of cultivated spinach (S. oleracea L.). In this study, nuclear and chloroplast sequences from 21 accessions of Spinacia germplasm and six spinach cultivars or lines were subjected to phylogenetic analysis to define the relationships among the three species. Maximum-likelihood sequence analysis suggested that the Spinacia plant samples could be classified into two monophyletic groups (Group 1 and Group 2): Group 1 consisted of all accessions, cultivars, and lines of S. oleracea L. and S. turkestanica Ilj. and two of five S. tetrandra Stev. accessions, whereas Group 2 was composed of the three remaining S. tetrandra Stev. accessions. By using flow cytometry, we detected a distinct difference in nuclear genome size between the groups. Group 2 also was characterized by a sexual dimorphism in inflorescence structure, which was not observed in Group 1. Interspecific crosses between the groups produced hybrids with drastically reduced pollen fertility and showed that the male is the heterogametic sex (XY) in Group 2, as is the case in S. oleracea L. (Group 1). Cytogenetic and DNA marker analyses suggested that Group 1 and Group 2 have homomorphic and heteromorphic sex chromosome pairs (XY), respectively, and that the sex chromosome pairs of the two groups evolved from a common ancestral pair. Our data suggest that the Spinacia genus may serve as a good model for investigation of evolutionary mechanisms underlying the emergence of heteromorphic sex chromosome pairs from ancestral homomorphic pairs.
A Genetic Screen forSaccharomyces cerevisiaeMutants That Fail to Enter Quiescence
Authors: Li Lihong , Miles Shawna , Breeden Linda L
Published: June 2015

Budding yeast begin the transition to quiescence by prolonging G1 and accumulating limited nutrients. They undergo asymmetric cell divisions, slow cellular expansion, acquire significant stress tolerance and construct elaborate cell walls. These morphologic changes give rise to quiescent (Q) cells, which can be distinguished from three other cell types in a stationary phase culture by flow cytometry. We have used flow cytometry to screen for genes that are required to obtain the quiescent cell fraction. We find that cell wall integrity is critical and these genes may help define quiescence-specific features of the cell wall. Genes required to evade the host innate immune response are common. These may be new targets for antifungal drugs. Acquired thermotolerance is also a common property, and we show that the stress-response transcription factors Msn2 and Msn4 promote quiescence. Many other pathways also contribute, including a subset of genes involved in autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, DNA replication, bud site selection, and cytokinesis.
Linkage Disequilibrium and Inversion-Typing of the Drosophila melanogaster Genome Reference Panel
Authors: Houle David , Márquez Eladio J
Published: June 2015

We calculated the linkage disequilibrium between all pairs of variants in the Drosophila Genome Reference Panel with minor allele count ≥5. We used r2 ≥ 0.5 as the cutoff for a highly correlated SNP. We make available the list of all highly correlated SNPs for use in association studies. Seventy-six percent of variant SNPs are highly correlated with at least one other SNP, and the mean number of highly correlated SNPs per variant over the whole genome is 83.9. Disequilibrium between distant SNPs is also common when minor allele frequency (MAF) is low: 37% of SNPs with MAF < 0.1 are highly correlated with SNPs more than 100 kb distant. Although SNPs within regions with polymorphic inversions are highly correlated with somewhat larger numbers of SNPs, and these correlated SNPs are on average farther away, the probability that a SNP in such regions is highly correlated with at least one other SNP is very similar to SNPs outside inversions. Previous karyotyping of the DGRP lines has been inconsistent, and we used LD and genotype to investigate these discrepancies. When previous studies agreed on inversion karyotype, our analysis was almost perfectly concordant with those assignments. In discordant cases, and for inversion heterozygotes, our results suggest errors in two previous analyses or discordance between genotype and karyotype. Heterozygosities of chromosome arms are, in many cases, surprisingly highly correlated, suggesting strong epsistatic selection during the inbreeding and maintenance of the DGRP lines.
Pathogenetic mechanisms of heavy metal effect on proapoptotic and proliferative potential of breast cancer
Authors: Romaniuk Anatolii , Lyndin Mykola , Moskalenko Roman , Kuzenko Yevhen , Gladchenko Oksana , Lyndina Yuliia
Published: June 2015

Materials and Methods: Chemical composition was studied with the help of the scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersion spectrometer. Immunohistochemical reaction showed the p53 and Ki-67 receptors expression. The study of DNA fragmentation was performed in agarose gel. Results: There was an interrelation between the accumulations of the trace elements with the degree of cancer malignancy. There were 85% of cases with positive reaction to Ki-67 and 40% cases with positive reaction to p53. We found a moderate correlation between the accumulation of microelements in the breast cancer tissue and the level of proliferative activity. We noted the combination of the increase of DNA fragmentation with the expression of p53 and Ki-67 receptors. Conclusions: The trace elements can cause the initiation and the progression of the tumorous growth, which is expressed in the increased proliferation of tumor cells. This leads to the destabilization of the genetic material which can be expressed in the synthesis of mutant p53 protein. Finally, it leads to the block of apoptosis and regulatory effects of cells. This can cause the tumor progression and the destabilization of the genome, which is reflected in the increased DNA fragmentation.
The impact of sexual orientation on the pronunciation of stressed vowels in Peninsular Spanish: an acoustic analysis
Authors: Osle Ezquerra Angel
Published: June 2015

This study explores the possible correlation between sexual orientation and the pronunciation of stressed vowels in Peninsular Spanish through a perception and production tasks. A group of thirty native Spanish speakers (fifteen identified themselves as gay and fifteen as straight) recorded the stimuli that served to elicit the Spanish vowels in stressed position. A group of ten Spanish speakers acted as evaluators and rated the speech samples previously recorded in terms of perceived sexual orientation of the different talkers using a five-point Likert scale. Three main conclusions can be drawn from this study. First, no significant differences were found between straight and gay speakers in terms of the F1 and F2 values for the stressed vowels elicited in our production task. Second, no significant correlation was found between the two acoustic features under study and the judgments of perceived sexual orientation made by our group of evaluators. Third, our group of evaluators identified our speakers’ sexual orientation with a high degree success. Based on our results, we can hypothesize that additional acoustic cues-not analyzed in this study- may play an important role in the understanding and processing of gay speech.
Mam or mum? Sociolinguistic awareness and language-ideological debates online
Authors: Pearce Michael
Published: June 2015

The technological advances associated with Web 2.0 allow people to interact in online ‘communities’ built around shared interests and concerns. So far, research in language attitudes and folk linguistics has made only limited use of naturally-occurring discourse in these environments. This article examines an online messageboard virtually located in North East England, and explores the ways in which participants’ beliefs about and attitudes towards sociolinguistic variation emerge through discourse. I focus on a single ‘conversation’, revealing the language ideologies which inform the sociolinguistic awareness of participants, and conclude by using the concept of ‘late modernity’ as an ‘interpretive frame’ (Harris 2011) to help understand what is happening as people appropriate a global technology for local social action.
Total Plasma Homocysteine Level Assessment and Timing of Folate/B12 Supplementation Prior to Initiation of Pemetrexed-Based Chemotherapy for Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: An Irrelevant Investigation, an Unnecessary Delay, or Both?
Authors: Singh Navneet , Maturu Venkata Nagarjuna , Behera Digambar
Published: June 2015

Usefulness of total plasma homocysteine for predicting toxicity from and optimal duration of folate and vitamin B12 supplementation prior to initiation of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy both remain debatable issues following publication of recent data that challenge conventional protocols followed for the same. Randomized trials are needed in an attempt to simplify supportive care schedule during administration of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy for non-squamous NSCLC.