bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendapatan, Pendidikan, Persepsi Kemudahan, dan Sikap sebagai Mediasi terhadap Keputusan Penggunaan Mobile Banking Syari’ah
Authors: Salmah Rosilia
Published: July 2021

The existence of Covid-19 which limited society to transact online has made an increment several islamic banks in users and the number of transactions. The aim of this study was to review test how the influence of income, education, and perceived ease of use through attitude against the usage decision of shari’a mobile banking. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to analyze in this study with WarpPLS 7.0 approach. Respondent of this research was general public of Surabaya City. Sampling technique which used in this study was purposive sampling as many as 115 respondents. The result present that perceived ease of use is the most significant factor affecting usage decision and attitude towards mobile banking directly. For the indirect test, perceived ease of use is able to influence the usage decision through attitude. Education and income not significantly influence the usage decision and attitude towards mobile banking directly, neither indirectly.
Pengembangan Program Studi Perbankan Syariah Berbasis Integrasi Peran Bank Syariah Bagi Sektor Riil UMKM
Authors: Mulato Tri , Sudirman Sudirman , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Iryani Iryani
Published: July 2021

Sharia banking are interested in getting involved channeling financing to the real sector of SMEs, including Bank BNI Syariah Makassar and Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Makassar. The purpose of this study is to determine the development of SMEs financing provided by sharia banking. Then to find out the role of sharia banking for the distribution financing for SMEs in the city of Makassar. As well as to find out the form of integration of the development of the department of sharia banking UIN Alauddin Makassar, through the distribution of financing for SMEs in sharia banking institution. This type of research is a field research, by taking data directly. The nature of the research is qualitative. The data source uses primary data and secondary data related to the research theme. The data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative descriptive, which describes the objects in the study. The results of this study indicate the development of the distribution of financing in sharia banking reaching 15.93 percent. Then Bank BNI Syariah and Bank Panin Dubai Syariah Makassar channeled financing to SMEs sector, reaching 20 percent. The form of integration in the development of departement sharia banking is by presenting courses on object management of financing sharia banking and courses on SMEs business.
DAMPAK KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN: SEBUAH PENDEKATAN MANAJEMEN ISLAM
Authors: Khairawati Salihah , Arganingtyas Nimas , Sasono Hery , Wijiharta Wijiharta
Published: July 2021

This research aims to test the influence of knowledge management consisting of three dimensions (person, procedure and technology) on employee performance. The method used in this study is a mixed method with an explanatory sequential design that combines quantitative research methods with qualitative sequentially, where in the first stage use quantitative and second stage methods with qualitative methods. With this method is expected to be obtained deeper research findings. The study respondents were 35 people wich all of them are employee. Analyze data using SPSS software version 25 with non parametric test. Non-parametric tests are performed because the data is not distributed normally. The results of the study prove that personnel affect employee kierja, job procedure concerns employee performance and technology affects employee performance. All dimensions of knowledge management demonstrate its influence on employee performance. The position of knowledge in Islam is very important, on the basis that the company also makes knowledge as an aspect that gets great attention. The company's policies and strategies are driven by the motivation of implementing Islamic values and practising knowledge
PENDEKATAN SULH DAN MEDIASI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF TERBAIK PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Rahman Abd .
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Abstrak ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris yang berisikan isu-isu pokok penelitian, tujuan penelitian, This article will discuss efforts to resolve sharia economic disputes using the Sulh (peace) and Mediation approach to achieve justice. The type of research used is library research with a normative juridical approach that connects phenomina with the rule of law. In conventional business as well as in disputes, conflicts or disputes sometimes occur and cannot be avoided. Settlement of disputes in court takes a long time, costs a lot and the result is win-lose, causing a feeling of being unfair to one of the parties. For this reason, the method of Sulh (peace) and Mediation in resolving sharia economic disputes is the choice of sharia economic actors. Peace and Mediation can be developed using various models such as: negotiation and arbitration. This dispute resolution model is more acceptable to the community, because philosophically the values of sulh (peace) and Mediation (seeking joint solutions) that exist in Islamic law already exist intrinsically in the culture of Indonesian society which is more based on deliberation and harmony in social life.
Decision on Halal Certification of Food and Beverage Products Processed by UMKM Products in Tangerang City - Study of Religiosity, Regulation, and Branding
Authors: Ramadhan Aulia , Gunanto Edy Yusuf Agung
Published: July 2021

The city of Tangerang with the motto akhlakul karimah and the majority of the population is Muslim, which is 1,587,270 or 88.25%, so it pays great attention to the halalness of the products in circulation. The government requires that every product that enters, circulates, and is traded in the territory of Indonesia must be halal certified, including products of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). There are 11,746 MSMEs in Tangerang City and the leading sectors that can be developed are the service sector and manufacturing industry. This study aims to determine the effect of economic factors, religiosity, socio-culture, regulation, and branding on the decision of MSMEs to carry out halal certification.

This study uses primary data with a data collection method in the form of a questionnaire. The population in this study is UMKM which has been halal certified with the facilitation of the Tangerang City Government in 2019. The population is 100 MSMEs and 80 MSMEs are sampled. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis is processed using SPSS version 22.

The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the most dominant variable partially has a positive and significant effect on the decision of MSMEs to carry out halal certification is branding. This proves that the halal label can be used as a good image for MSMEs to consumers. The variables that partially have a positive and significant effect on the decision of MSMEs to carry out halal certification, then, are religiosity and regulation. Meanwhile, the socio-culture and economy partially do not affect the decision of MSMEs to carry out halal certification. Simultaneously, the results obtained are that economy, religiosity, socio-culture, regulation, and branding affect the decision of MSMEs to carry out halal certification.
PERFORMANCE BANK BNI SYARIAH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ihsan Dwi Nur'aini , Hosen Muhamad Nadratuzzaman
Published: July 2021

The performance of Islamic banks during the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the financial soundness of Islamic Banks. Islamic Banks in Indonesia should restructure the Financing (PYD) which results in the acquisition of revenue and net profit received by the bank. The aims of this study are to analyze the soundness of Bank BNI Syariah using the CAMEL, RGEC method, the level of cost efficiency and profitability. Then also measured the potential for BNIS bankruptcy with the Altman Z-Score model. The potential risk of bankruptcy in Islamic Banks is very possible if bank management during the Covid-19 pandemic are not carried out properly and professionally. Secondary data is used during the period 2015 to 2020 to analyze the performance of Islamic Banks before the pandemic and during the pandemic. The results of the CAMEL and RGEC analysis show that soundness conditions varied from "Not Very Good" to "Very Good" from 2015 to 2020. In 2020 the soundness condition of BNIS is "Fairly Good". Meanwhile, the Altman Z-Score shows that BNIS is experiencing a “Not Bankrupt” condition, the level of bank efficiency is “High” and at analysis of profitability as reflected by the ROA ratio, ROE during the pandemic has decreased.
Analisis Akuntansi Sustainabilitas Pada Bisnis Berkelanjutan Perumahan Syariah
Authors: Utama Yopi Yudha
Published: July 2021

This study aims to understand sustainable business practices in sharia housing business using case study approach. The object of this research is DP, a sharia housing developer. The results show that the sharia housing developer has implemented sustainable aspects in its business. In the economic dimension, the company has fulfilled several aspects of both direct and indirect economic aspects. In the social dimension, several aspects of labor, human rights, and community indicators have been implemented. In the environmental dimension, aspects of product and service compliance, waste, water, and energy have been included by the company. In the dimension of spirituality, the activities undertaken by the company for its employees, housing residents, and the surrounding community have fulfilled the existing aspects. The results of this study indicate that the business practices of DP can creathe the concept of Tauhid sharia housing
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pemasaran Pada Sentra Industri Kue dan Roti di Desa Bugo
Authors: Arifin Samsul
Published: July 2021

This study aims to test empirically the effect of the independent variables of market orientation, learning orientation, and entrepreneurial orientation on the dependent variable of marketing performance in the cake and bakery industry centers, Bugo Village, Welahan District, Jepara Regency. This type of research used in this research is quantitative. The type of data in this research is primary data. The population of this research is the cake and bakery industrial centers in Bugo Village, Welahan District, Jepara yang Regency, totaling 96 people. The sampling technique uses probability sampling using the Slovin calculation formula. Hypothesis testing was carried out by distributing questionnaires to as many as 96 business owners of the cake and bread industry centers in Bugo Village, Welahan District, Jepara Regency. By using the multiple regression analysis methods, it can be concluded that partially market orientation, learning orientation, and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive and significant effect on the marketing performance of the cake and bakery industry centers in Bugo Village, Welahan District, Jepara Regency. Meanwhile, simultaneously it is concluded that the variables of market orientation, learning orientation, and orientation together have an influence on the dependent variable of marketing performance.
Model Quadruple Helix Dalam Pengembangan UMKM (Studi Kasus Pada Industri Pisang Sale Kutacane Kab. Aceh Tenggara)
Authors: Marpaung Muslim , Sugianto Sugianto , Yolanda Ulfa
Published: July 2021

This study aims to obtain a comprehensive picture of the synergy of banana sale stakeholders in Kab. Southeast Aceh. The Quadruple Helix model is one suitable model for social research and innovation. This study uses a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach that seeks to understand the perspectives, thoughts and experiences of stakeholders regarding the synergy of Quadruple Helix stakeholders in realizing the development of the banana sale business in Kab. Southeast Aceh. The results show that there are a number of problems related to synergy in the development of banana sale in Kab. Aceh Tenggara is partly because there is no common vision of stakeholders and cooperation and coordination between banana sale business actors, the government and stakeholders. Each stakeholder translates the sale of bananas, causing a debate on how to develop the sale of bananas in the future. In particular, the government should pay special attention to banana sale managers equally to develop the banana sale business and support from the wider community. The key to the successful implementation of the banana sale business development in Kab. Aceh Tenggara, among others, unity of mission, joint commitment and coordination among stakeholders.
Transformasi Manajemen Fasilitas Pendidikan Pada Era Disrupsi Teknologi
Authors: Nugraha Galih Abdi , Baidi Baidi , Bakri Syamsul
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the transformation of educational facility management in the era of technological disruption, where the place of this research was carried out at Duta Bangsa University, Surakarta. The methodology in this study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study are by observation, interviews and documentation. The method used to check the validity of the data is the triangulation method, namely by utilizing various methods as a consideration. The data analysis technique in this study is data that has been obtained by descriptive (non-statistical) method. Activities in data analysis, namely data reduction (data reduction), data display (data presentation), and verification (drawing conclusions). The results show that the transformation of educational facility management in the era of technological disruption that has been carried out by Duta Bangsa University Surakarta continues to be carried out starting from educational services that are directed towards technology-based both physical and non-physical in supporting universities, as well as in the implementation of all technology-based learning as a demands for technological developments that are happening more rapidly (disruption) in order to create a superior campus in the era of technological disruption.
O Desafio de uma Abordagem Intercultural para os Direitos Humanos
Authors: Silva Maria
Published: July 2021

Em certa medida a história do Direito Internacional é a história dos esforços desenvolvidos para minimizar ou amenizar os efeitos dos conflitos armados e o sofrimento humano. Este artigo pretende discutir as possibilidades de uma efetiva universalização dos Direitos Humanos hoje. Começa por identificar os antecedentes medievais e humanistas do Direito Internacional e do que virá a ser o discurso moderno dos Direitos Humanos. Os dados históricos considerados permitem elucidar como a emergência de uma ideia de compaixão sem exceções pelo Outro não encontrava fundamento suficiente no argumento religioso e como a sua ultrapassagem foi a condição exigida para a adoção de uma perceção mais ampla do Outro como semelhante. Ao mesmo tempo, esses dados históricos tornam também evidente como tal percurso é, no essencial, europeu ou ocidental. Na segunda parte do artigo defendo, então, que o adjetivo ‘universal’ não é ainda adequado para descrever a situação atual dos Direitos Humanos, mas não rejeito a possibilidade de o vir o ser. Essa possibilidade estará dependente da efetiva consolidação de uma abordagem intercultural dos Direitos Humanos. Só esse caminho permitirá falar-se com propriedade de Direitos Humanos universais, sendo que a dimensão política de tal mudança é inquestionável.
OS DIREITOS HUMANOS IMPLICAM EM DEVERES: A VISÃO DE SARAMAGO
Authors: Sá Maria
Published: July 2021

A desigualdade social gerada pela globalização e o deslocamento do poder para quem detém o acesso à informação são temas discutidos na obra de Saramago. Ele enseja que seus leitores se questionem e questionem o mundo em que vivem, encaminhando-os para a reflexão sobre o atuar do ser humano – direitos e deveres. Este estudo tem por objetivo discutir os direitos e deveres humanos a partir da visão de José Saramago. Saramago afirma que: “Estamos rodeados de imagens que nos mostram que o mundo está mal, mas nós estaremos bem pior no dia em que nos tivermos acostumado tanto à violência que a consideremos natural – ou cultural, se asssim preferirem”. Conclui-se que, na visão de Saramago, a humanidade perdeu a razão e que, neste mundo globalizado, verifica-se o aumento simultaneo da riqueza e da pobreza. A humanidade se recusa a examinar os erros passados e produz novos erros.
OS DESASTRES DE MARIANA E BRUMADINHO E O COMPROMETIMENTO DAS METAS DO OBJETIVO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL VOLTADO A SAUDE DE QUALIDADE E BEM-ESTAR DE TODOS
Authors: Delbono Benedita
Published: July 2021

O objeto deste artigo é o estudo de grandes desastres e sua repercussão a consecução do Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável voltado a saúde de qualidade e bem-estar de todos (ODS3). Esta investigação toma as cidades brasileiras de Mariana e Brumadinho, as quais sofreram com os desastres ambientais não naturais que vitimaram um número considerável pessoas, além, de expor a população aos metais pesados oriundos dos rejeitos de mineração contidos nas barragens rompidas. A consecução dos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável do milênio tem por proposito resgatar a pessoa humana e ressignificar valores, a fim de garantir a sobrevivência em nosso planeta. É com esse pensamento que este artigo se desenvolve, baseando-se na pesquisa sistematizada bibliográfica, documental, ex-post-facto, de levantamento exploratória e descritiva, com o escopo de identificar o quanto esses desastres comprometeram as metas para se atingir o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável voltado a saúde de qualidade e bem-estar de todos.
RACISMO AMBIENTAL E ACESSO À JUSTIÇA PELA VIA DOS DIREITOS Uma reflexão sobre o desastre ambiental em Brumadinho e os desafios para a concretização da Agenda 2030
Authors: Gonçalves Igor , Orsini Andriana , Morais Juliana , Meneghini Nancy
Published: July 2021

O desastre ambiental ocorrido em Brumadinho em janeiro de 2019, com o rompimento da Barragem 1 da Mina Córrego do Feijão da Vale S.A, é um caso típico de Racismo ambiental, conceito esse que compreende o tratamento desigual da carga dos danos ambientais do desenvolvimento. Tratar do tema do Racismo Ambiental, no contexto do desastre ocorrido em Brumadinho, importa abordar o conceito moderno de Acesso à Justiça pela via dos Direitos, caro ao contexto brasileiro, visto que pressupõe a participação plena e igualitária de todos os grupos sociais, inclusive dos grupos sociais minoritários e marginalizados. O presente artigo visa, portanto, relacionar o desastre ambiental ocorrido com os conceitos de Racismo Ambiental e do Acesso à Justiça pela via dos Direitos.
O exercício da Advocacia: Estudo comparativo Portugal e Brasil
Authors: Campanella Sancha , Silva Allen , Costa Jorge
Published: July 2021

Este estudo analisa, comparativamente, a caraterização dos contextos atuais da vida advocacia no Brasil e em Portugal, aferindo o crescimento dos cursos de Direito e Universidades, o número de advogados existentes. Desta forma, pretende-se conhecer a realidade atual da advocacia luso-brasileira. O estudo justifica-se pelo passado histórico comum aos dois países, predominado pela forte influência portuguesa na formação cultural e legislativa brasileira, dado o seu passado de Vice-Reinado de Portugal. O estudo assume, ainda, particular importância, atendendo ao Tratado de Amizade, Cooperação e Consulta entre a República Portuguesa e a República Federativa do Brasil, assinado em Porto Seguro em 22 de abril de 2000, (Resolução da Assembleia da República nº 83/2000 de 14 de dezembro, 2000). O referido tratado estabelece o livre acesso às profissões entre ambos os países, desde que exista reciprocidade e que cumpram os requisitos exigidos para os nacionais. Por meio das informações e dados colhidos, verifica-se que ambos os países têm mecanismos legislativos e normativos de acesso à profissão de advogado, e fortemente reguladores do estatuto garantido pelas ordens profissionais de inscrição obrigatória, respetivamente AO e OAB. Constatou-se, por fim, uma forte expansão do mercado jurídico em ambos os países.
The Impact of the Institution on Economic Growth: An Evidence from ASEAN
Authors: Sari Vita Kartika , Prastyani Dwi
Published: July 2021

The ideal community life structure has a strong institutional level. Economists agree on the institution as an important factor in creating economic growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of institutional factors on economic growth in ASEAN. Institutional variables include political stability, voice and accountability, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption, while economic variables include exports and imports. This study utilized panel data estimation on 10 countries in ASEAN during 2002-2018. The fixed effect model was the best estimation model. The findings show that there are three keys of institutions that had a significant influence on per capita GDP on ASEAN, namely voice and accountability, regulatory quality, and rule of law. It could be that if the institutional factors are weak, it will be detrimental to economic performance. The policy implication is that the synergy of all stakeholders needs to be improved for better institutional enforcement.
Comparison of Hierarchical and Non-Hierarchical Methods in Clustering Cities in Java Island using the Human Development Index Indicators year 2018
Authors: Damayanti Alvia Rossa , Wijayanto Arie Wahyu
Published: July 2021

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index to assess the developmental level of life quality in a particular region. In 2018, Java Island, which geographically has the most regencies/ municipalities in Indonesia, achieved human development with “high” status and was followed by all its regencies which have also achieved human development with “high” status. Therefore, research was carried out on how the characteristics inherent in the high HDI have been achieved in regencies on Java Island and grouping them so that it is easy to interpret regencies/ municipalities with homogeneous characteristics. This study used the hierarchical cluster method (single linkage, average linkage, and ward) and non-hierarchical cluster methods (K-Means and FCM). The results show that the best hierarchical cluster method is the average linkage method which forms four clusters where the regencies/ municipalities with the best characteristics (dimensions of education, health, and high purchasing power) are Kepulauan Seribu, Bogor, and 78 other regencies/ municipalities. Then, the best non-hierarchical method is the FCM method which forms two clusters, with a prominent characteristic is those city areas have better characteristics than district areas.
Development of Physics Learning Tools Model Discovery Learning on Momentum and Impulse Material
Authors: Sahrianti Isni , Taufik Muhammad , Gunada I Wayan , Doyan Aris
Published: July 2021

This study aims to produce a product in the form of a learning device with a model discovery learning on momentum and impulse material. This type of research used in this study is a research and development with a research model that was developed is the model 4D comprising the steps of define, the design, development, and Disseminate. Development is carried out until the limited trial stage by conducting validation trials up to the development stage and no distribution is carried out. The tools developed were syllabus, lesson plan, student worksheet, and test instruments on momentum and impulse materials. The results of the research are based on the data obtained and the results of the data analysis show that the results of the development of learning tools have a fairly valid value, this indicates that the physics learning tools using model’s discovery learning on momentum and impulse materials are feasible to used.
Magnetic Signatures on River Sediments and Agricultural Soils as Proxy Indicators of Anthropogenic-derived Pollution (Case Study: Cikijing River, Rancaekek, West Java)
Authors: Fitriani Dini , Utami Widya , Kirana Kartika Hajar , Agustine Eleonora , Zulaikah Siti
Published: July 2021

A number of activities occur around the Cikijing River in Rancaekek area, West Java, such as industrial and domestic activities. The various activities could decrease the quality of the river and surrounding environment due to anthropogenic pollutants that might be produced. Since the Cikijing River is also used as the source of irrigation, paddy fields around the river could be also be affected. The presence of pollutants in river sediments and agricultural soils over a long period could change their magnetic properties. Magnetic susceptibility of Cikijing River sediments and soils of the paddy fields in the surrounding have been examined considering that magnetic properties could represent environmental conditions. The results show that river sediments have magnetic susceptibility (cLF) in range of 356.2-456.3 (×10-8) m3kg-1, whereas soils samples have cLF varying from 94.1 to 347.1 (×10-8) m3kg-1, suggesting domination of ferrimagnetic minerals. The cFD (%) is <4% indicating the anthropogenic origin of magnetic minerals.  Electron microscopy images show the imperfect octahedral and spherules shapes of magnetic grains that supports magnetic susceptibility analysis about the source of magnetic minerals. Elemental composition analysis reveals Fe and O’s content as main elements, including minor elements of Ca, Mg, Al. Si, Ti and Cr
Development of Student Worksheets Based on React Model to Increase Student Motivation in Newton's Law Materials
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Mursal Mursal
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of student worksheets based on the REACT model in increasing motivation on Newton's law material at the Aceh Aviation State Vocational High School. This study uses research and development methods with the ADDIE model. The results obtained are the average value of the validator's assessment shows a value of 87.3% with a very decent category, as well as the results of the gain classification to see an increase in student motivation of 0.61 which is in the medium category. It was concluded that the developed student worksheet based on the REACT model was feasible to use and could increase students' motivation on Newton's law material at the Aceh Aviation State Vocational High School
Impact of Contextual Teaching Learning Model to Science Process Skills and Scientific Attitudes of Students
Authors: Kadmayana Kadmayana , Halim A , Mustafa Mustafa , Ilyas Suhrawardi
Published: July 2021

Science process skills are skills that need to be developed in students in learning science such as science. The low level of KPS on the science concept is influenced by the learning model which emphasizes the aspects of receiving full information from the teacher. Student KPS is also dominated by an increase in scientific attitudes that require students to show their sensitivity to the surrounding environment. This study aims to determine science process skills and increase students' scientific attitudes through the implementation of the contextual teaching and learning model at MTsS Muta'allimin Aceh Besar. The method used in this study was an experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The instruments used were observation sheets and questionnaires. The results showed that the implementation of the CTL learning model could improve students' KPS in both categories with an average score of 71-85 and very good categories with an average score of 86. In addition to improving the KPS learning model implementation, CTL can also improve students' scientific attitudes with a value N-gain average of 0.63 including the moderate category. The results of the improvement obtained by the average student are in good categories with an average score of 71-85 then the category is very good with an average score.  86-100. The conclusion in this study proves that the CTL model can improve student learning skills and scientific attitudes, especially the material of vibration, waves, and sound
Comparison Study about Selected Human Infection of Zoonotic Cryptosporidiosis by Conventional Diagnostic Methods in Karbala Province, Iraq
Authors: AL-Yasary Jihad T O , Faraj Azhar A
Published: July 2021

This study was carried out to detect the Cryptosporidium spp in Karbala province, Iraq from. December 2019 to September 2020. Age, sex, and months interference with parasite prevalence were studied. A total of 100 fecal samples were collected from adults and young and from both sexes of human. Fecal samples were subjected to conventional methods (Flotation Methods by Sheather's sugar solution and stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen) for parasite diagnosis. The result recorded that the infection rate of Cryptosporidium spp was 26%. The age group of 2-6 years had the highest infection rate comparing to other age groups ranged from 12-25 years yet was marginal significant (P<0.06). Regarding sex, there was no significant differences in infection rate, although the males recorded numerically higher rate of prevalence. The rate of infection of Cryptosporidium spp were varied among months, where in February recorded 46.66% in contrast to 10% recorded in July. It can be concluded that variables studied (age, sex, and months) have no influence on Cryptosporidium prevalence in Karbala province.
Investigating the Effect of Three Antigens of Citrobacter freundii on Rabbit’s Immune Response
Authors: Mohammed Roua J , Al-Samarraae Ikram Abbas A
Published: July 2021

Citrobacter freundii (C. freundii) is responsible for a number of significant opportunistic infections. The present research was aimed to estimate the immune response of rabbits immunized with whole cell sonicated antigen (WCSA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and DNA antigens (Ag) extracted from C. freundii. Twenty-four Albino rabbits of both sexes, with 2-3 kg body weight, were divided randomly into four groups (6 rabbits for each). Two types of tests were performed including ELISA and skin test (delayed type hypersensitivity, DTH)). The 1st group was immunized with WCSA (1000 μg/mL). The 2nd group was immunized with LPS Ag at the same dose. The 3rd group was immunized with DNA extracted Ag (0.083 μg/mL). The 4th group (negative control) was injected with 1 mL PBS (pH 7.2) subcutaneously. After 14 days, rabbits were given booster doses of same Ag. The immunized animals showed significant increase of IgG and IL-6 concentration (P<0.05) following 28, 32, 46, 50 and 60 days of immunization in comparison with the negative control group. Concerning DTH, it showed an increase in the means of induration and erythema, with significant differences (P˂0.05) exerted by the concentrated antigens in all immunized groups after 24 h and 48 h compared with diluted Ag and negative control group. In conclusion, WCSA and LPS Ag, in comparison to DNA Ag, were observed to promote stronger humoral (IgG) and cellular (DTH and IL-6) immune responses. DNA Ag, on the other hand, elicited a weaker humoral and cellular immune response than other Ag.
The Effects of Some Climate Factors upon Frequency Distribution of Local Sandflies Breed in Misan Province, Iraq
Authors: Alsaad Rasha K A , Kawan May H
Published: July 2021

The genus Phlebotomus is naturally responsible for the transmission of many protozoal parasites like Leishmania. The study was conducted to determine the effect of some climate factors on sandflies distribution over a year from December 2019 to November 2020. A total of 268 sandflies of both sexes were collected from different areas in Misan province, Iraq. Sandflies were collected using light traps and stick oil paper, then placed in cups or Petri dishes containing sterile normal saline for examination. The current study showed an inverse relationship between the presence and number of sandflies with temperatures. Rainfall had a significant impact on parasite distribution, while wind speed had a potential impact on sandfly activity. The percentage of female sandflies was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of males (54.85% for females versus 45.15% for males). In conclusion, heavy precipitation is the main climate factor that affects the frequency distribution of local breed sandflies followed by rising temperature degrees that are seen in the summer season. The climate can affect the activity, spreading, and distribution of sandflies with detected one peak of their activity in December.
Epidemiological, Morphological, and Histopathological Study of Quail Coccidiosis in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq
Authors: Al-Zarkoushi Muntadher M F , Al-Zubaidi Mohammed Th S
Published: July 2021

Coccidiosis is the most common and important disease of poultry resulting in great economic losses world widely. This objective of this study was to determine the species of Eimeria, their prevalence, and gut histopathological lesions in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Thi-Qar province, Iraq. Over the period of ten months (December 2019 to September 2020), a total of 330 fresh fecal samples (201 from males and 129 from females) were collected from different marketplaces and farms in Thi-Qar province. Direct smear and flotation techniques were used to examine the presence of Eimeria oocysts in the fecal samples. The sporulated oocyst shape indices were determined microscopically. Hematoxylin and eosin, as well as Periodic-Acid Schiff stains, were used to document potential pathological lesions and Eimeria developmental phases within the small (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and large (caeca) intestines. Four species, according to the criteria adopted, Eimeria bateri, Eimeria uzura, Eimeria tsunodai, and Eimeria fluminensis were uncovered in current study, with shape indices of 1.30, 1.36, 1.30, and 1.05, respectively. The total infection rate was 64.54%; and the morphological characteristics of the oocysts was identified. The highest infection rate was in E. bateri (41.78%), while the lowest infection rate was in E. fluminensis (7.98%). The highest prevalence rate was in March 84.84% with a significant effect at (P≤0.01). The sex of quail had no significant effect of the coccidiosis infection. The study revealed a destruction in the epithelium of the mucosa and submucosa of the intestine and development of the Eimeria stages, which led to malabsorption and consequently weight loss and economic losses in the quail industry.
Pembuatan Ekstrak Rhizophora mucronata Sebagai Bahan Baku Inhibitor Korosi Skala Lab dan Skala Aplikasi
Authors: Wajilan Wajilan , Fernandes Andrian , Wahyudianto Arif
Published: July 2021

Pembuatan inhibitor dalam bentuk ekstrak pekat dari bahan organik pada skala lab telah banyak dilakukan, namun percobaan dalam skala aplikasi yang lebih besar jarang dilakukan. Bahan organik pembuatan ekstrak pekat dapat menggunakan daun bakau (Rhizopora mucronata) banyak ditemukan di daerah mangrove. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan proses pembuatan inhibitor berupa ekstrak pekat dari daun bakau skala lab dengan skala aplikasi yang lebih besar terkait waktu pemekatan, daya listrik yang digunakan, sifat fisik (berat jenis dan sifat warna), sifat fitokimia (alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tannin) dari ekstrak pekat yang dihasilkan. Pada skala lab, 500 gram daun kering bakau, dilarutkan dalam 500 ml etanol 96%, setelah 2 hari filtrate disaring dan dipekatkan hingga menjadi 10 ml menggunakan rotary evaporator. Pada skala aplikasi 20 kali lebih besar dari skala lab dan proses pemekatan menggunakan kipas angin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembuatan 10 ml ekstrak pekat skala lab menggunakan rotary evaporator memerlukan waktu 4 jam, dengan menghabiskan daya listrik sebesar 10,4 KWH. Ekstrak pekat memiliki berat jenis 0,958 dan sifat warna L* = 2,8, a* = 6,6 dan b* = 3,2. Sedangkan proses pembuatan 200 ml ekstrak pekat skala aplikasi yang lebih besar yang menggunakan kipas angin memerlukan waktu 72 jam, dengan menghabiskan daya listrik sebesar 3,6 KWH. Ekstrak pekat memiliki berat jenis 0,965 dan sifat warna L* = 6,8, a* = 17,4 dan b* = 8,8. Kedua cara ekstraksi memiliki komponen fitokimia yang sama, yaitu flavonoid, saponin dan tannin.
Analisis Laju Aliran Udara dan Laju Aliran Massa Bahan Bakar Terhadap Beban Pembakaran Sampah pada Incinerator Berbahan Bakar Limbah Oli Bekas
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Kurniawan Eddy , Lasmana Abdika
Published: July 2021

The amount of household waste and B3 from oil machine  waste have been increasing along with the increasing of polulation and the number of vehicles. This waste can be used as a source of energy. The aim of this research was to analize the air flow rate and mass flow rate of fuel in the incinerator oil machine waste using a burner furnace by conducting several variations of the experiment with variations in air velocity of 10,4 m/s (B1), 13,4 m/s (B2) and 14,3 m/s (B3) and fuel flow rate of 0,00408 l/s (A1) and 0,00838 l/s (A2) with fuel valve openings 1/2 and 1/4. The test results showed that the highest temperature was 1021,50C in the A2-B3 experiment with 45 minutes and the lowest temperature was obtained in the A1-B1 experiment which was 840,50C at the same time. In the incinerator test, the burning of dry plastic waste weighing 12 kg of waste burns out in 34 minutes with a temperature ratio for the burner furnace which is 780,90C and the incinerator chamber space is 480,70C and the combustion rate is 21,42 kg/hour. the yield of residual combustion is 9,32% and the incinerator combustion eficiency is 90,68% and for dry leaf waste weighing 8 kg the waste is burnt out in 20 minutes with a burner furnace temperature ratio of 712,30C and incinerator chamber space of 443, 20C and the combustion rate of 24,24 kg / hour and the yield of combustion residue is 96,94%.
Pengaruh Arus Pengelasan Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Sambungan Butt-Joint Las TIG Aluminium
Authors: Wartono Wartono , Aprianto Aprianto
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh arus pengelasan terhadap sifat mekanis sambungan Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) pada aluminium. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) atau Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) adalah jenis las listrik yang menggunakan bahan tungsten sebagai elektroda tidak terkonsumsi. Elektroda ini digunakan untuk menghasilkan busur nyala listrik. Bahan penambah berupa batang las (rod), yang dicairkan oleh busur nyala tersebut, mengisi kampuh bahan induk. Untuk mencegah oksidasi digunakan gas mulia argon. Besar arus yang digunakan 130 A, 140 A, dan 150 A. Logam yang akan dilas adalah aluminium yang berukuran 300 mm x 100 mm x 4 mm, aluminium disambung dengan menggunakan logam pengisi filler ER5356. Hasil uji komposisi kimia raw material menunjukkan mempunyai unsur kandungan kemurnian Al 99,35%. Uji kekerasan vickers menunjukkan nilai kekerasan las tertinggi 130 A adalah sebesar 59,43 kg⁄mm2, kekerasan HAZ tertinggi 140 A adalah sebesar 66  kg⁄mm2 . Hasil pengujian tarik menunjukkan bahwa pengelasan dengan besar arus 140 A memiliki nilai tegangan tarik yang lebih tinggi yaitu 98,64 MPa.
Pengaruh Kadar Waterglass Sebagai Bahan Pengikat Cetakan Pasir Kering Dengan Metode CO_2 Terhadap Kekerasan dan Kekuatan Tarik
Authors: Sumpena Sumpena , Wardoyo Wardoyo , Sukarjo Hb
Published: July 2021

Salah satu hal yang sangat mempengaruhi hasil pengecoran besi tuang adalah penggunaan pasir cetak dan bahan pengikat pasir cetak. Bahan pengikat kimia yang digunakan dalam membuat cetakan pasir salah satunya adalah waterglass yang mengandung Sodium silicate hydrate sehingga akan mengeras setelah dialiri gas CO_2. Kadar waterglass pada cetakan pasir mempengaruhi permeabilitas dan konduktivitas pasir. Sifat konduktivitas ini mempengaruhi laju pendinginan logam cair. Laju pendinginan yang terjadi pada proses pengecoran mempunyai peranan penting dalam pembentukan struktur mikro, dimana struktur mikro mempengaruhi sifat mekanik yang dimiliki oleh benda cor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi kadar waterglass sebagai bahan pengikat cetakan pasir kering dengan metode CO_2 terhadap kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik produk pulley. Pada penelitian ini, pasir yang digunakan adalah pasir silika dengan variasi kadar waterglass 8%, 13%, 18%, 23%, kemudian cetakan dialiri gas CO_2 dengan tekanan 1 kgf/〖cm〗^2 selama 5 menit. Komposisi cairan logam yang digunakan dalam pembuatan spesimen adalah 91% tatal, 2% karbon dan 0,7% sillikon. Penuangan cairan logam dilakukan menggunakan ladel pada suhu sekitar 1300°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai kekerasan tertinggi pada cetakan dengan kadar waterglass 23% sebesar 238,7 BHN, dan kekerasan terendah pada cetakan dengan kadar waterglass 18% sebesar 200,2 BHN. Kekuatan tarik tertinggi diperoleh pada cetakan dengan kadar waterglass 23% sebesar 163,5 MPa, dan kekuatan tarik terendah pada cetakan dengan kadar waterglass 13% sebesar 128,28 MPa.
FULL MAGAZINE OF SCIENCE NATURE, VOL. 1(1), DECEMBER 2018
Authors: Nature Science
Published: July 2021

This file contains the whole published papers in SCIENCE NATURE VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, dated on 13rd December 2018.
Precedent-extrapolation estimate of the seismic hazard in the Sakhalin and the Southern Kurils region
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Malyshev A.I. , Malysheva L.K. ,   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2021

The paper describes the algorithm and the results of the seismic hazard estimate in the Sakhalin and Southern Kurils region based on the data of the Japan Regional Catalogue (JMA). A nonlinear differential equation of the second order is used as a mathematical model, and algorithms for optimization and predictability estimation are presented by the author's solutions. The forecasting algorithm is based on the search for seismic activity zones in which the current activity trends correspond to foreshock sequences recorded before strong earthquakes (precedents) that have already occurred. The earthquake time is calculated with extrapolating the detected trends to the level of activity that occurred at the time of the precedent earthquake. By the example of precedent foreshock sequences in Japan, it is shown that the lead time of such a forecast reaches 10–15 years and its implementation is due to the preservation and stability of the identified trends. A map of potentially dangerous zones for Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands and some examples of calculating the time of strong earthquakes according to the JMA catalogue as of August 31, 2018 are presented. Action sequence in identifying the potentially dangerous trends in seismic activity and the specifics of possible use of the technique in the Sakhalin region are considered.
The March 25, 2020 MW 7.5 Paramushir earthquake
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prytkov A.S. , Vasilenko N.F. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2021

The strong earthquake with moment magnitude Mw = 7.5 occurred on March 25, 2020, in the North Kurils to the southeast of the Paramushir Island. The hypocenter of the earthquake was located under the oceanic rise of deep-sea trench in the subducting Pacific lithospheric plate. This earthquake has been the strongest seismic event since 1900 for an area about 800 km long of the outer rise of the trench. It also was the strongest earthquake for the 300-kilometer long area of the Kuril-Kamchatka subduction zone adjacent to the epicenter. The article summarizes the data on the Paramushir earthquake. Tectonic position of the earthquake, source parameters, features of the aftershock process development, as well as coseismic displacement of the nearest continuous GNSS station are considered. The performed analysis did not allow us to clearly determine the rupture plane in the source. Nevertheless, the study of the features of the outer-rise earthquake is a matter of scientific interest, since the stress state of the bending area of the subducting Pacific lithospheric plate reflects the interplate interaction in the subduction zone.
On the foreshock cascade and extraordinary forecasts in connection with the article by A.I. Malyshev and L.K. Malysheva “Precedent-extrapolation estimate of the seismic hazard in the Sakhalin and the Southern Kurils region”
Authors:   Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rodkin M.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Institute of Oil and Gas Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2021

Not so many issues, that have such a divergence of view, as on the existence and nature of foreshock activation. The range here is from public admission, that the previously described effect of foreshock avalanche-like activation is nothing more than the result of (though unconscious) data fitting, to the cases of incredibly accurate predictions of the time of strong earthquakes (though retrospective). The article by A.I. Malyshev and L.K. Malysheva, published in the current issue, gave a reason to return to these disagreements again and to offer a possible explanation for them.
Fundamental for self-developing processes model and problems of its application to earthquakes prediction in the Far East region
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogomolov L.M. , Sychev V.N. ,   Research Station of Russian Academy of Sciences in Bishkek City
Published: July 2021

Seismic activation in the period of foreshocks (prior to the mainshock) described by the model of self-developing processes (SDP) is possibly a manifestation of explosive instability of low frequency straining waves in metastable medium. To highlight so nontrivial relationship of continuous wave motions and discrete seismic events flow is a goal of this narrative. Thus, the rationale of the SDP model (the equation, in reality) has been modified, which is of importance in relevance with the article by the Malyshevs in the current issue (A.I. Malyshev, L.K. Malysheva. Precedent-extrapolation estimate of the seismic hazard in the Sakhalin and South Kurils region) which is to improve the seismic hazard estimates by means of this model. A new way to reveal the very beginning of blow-up regime after quasi-stationary one is proposed.