bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival, and anatomical and ecophysiological changes in isolated individuals of Tillandsia recurvata L. (Bromeliaceae) grown under different shading conditions
Authors: Borges e Silva Bianca Aparecida , Bandoni Chaves Maria Paula , Silvério Heloisa Fernanda , Ramos Flávio Nunes , de Oliveira Jean Paulo Vitor , de Castro Evaristo Mauro , Pereira Fabricio José
Published: January 2023

Tillandsia recurvata L. may show morphophysiological plasticity in response to radiation availability, since this species is found in different environments. This work aimed to evaluate the anatomical and physiological modifications of T. recurvata isolated individuals under different shading levels and the consequences of these changes on the growth of this species. The individuals were exposed for 60 days to treatments as follows: full sun (unshaded) and shading of 35%, 75%, and 85%. Growth analyses were performed, and the leaf anatomy and water content were assessed. All plants submitted to full sun or 35% shading died, whereas those under 75% and 85% shading survived. The water content in leaves and rhizomes was higher under 85% shading, and this treatment increased the leaf area and the number of leaves in T. recurvata. Leaf dry mass, leaf elongation rate, biomass allocation to rhizomes, and net assimilation rate were higher under 85% shading. The leaves had a thicker hypodermis, lower proportions of both epidermis and vascular bundles, and a higher proportion of chlorophyll parenchyma under 85% shading. Tillandsia recurvata individuals behave as sciophytic, while the formation of clusters may change microclimate conditions; the behavior of clumped plants must be further investigated.
Over 50 years of behavioural evidence on the magnetic sense in animals: what has been learnt and how?
Authors: Schneider Will T. , Holland Richard A. , Lindecke Oliver
Published: January 2023

Magnetoreception is a key element in the sensory repertoire of many organisms, and it has been shown to play a particular role in animal navigation. While the first data to demonstrate a magnetic compass in songbirds through behavioural measures were presented decades ago, studies of behaviour are still the main source of information in learning about the magnetic senses. The behavioural evidence is, however, scattered with sometimes contradictory results. Partly, this is a consequence of a wide spectrum of methods used across multiple research groups studying different model organisms. This has limited the ability of researchers to pin down exactly how and why animals use the Earth’s magnetic field. Here, we lay out how a range of methods for testing behaviour spanning from field observations to laboratory manipulations can be used to test for a magnetic sense in animals. To this end, we discuss the principal limitations of behavioural testing in telling us how animals sense the magnetic field, and we argue that behaviour must go hand in hand with other fields to advance our understanding of the magnetic sense.
Improving Peer Assessment by Incorporating Grading Behaviors: Models and Practices
Authors: Xu Jia , Liu Jing , Yang Panyuan , Lv Pin
Published: January 2023

Peer assessment, which requires students to evaluate their peers’ submissions, has become the paradigm for solving the grading challenge of large-scale open-ended assignments teachers face in MOOCs. Since peer grades may be biased and unreliable, a group of probabilistic graph models are proposed to improve the estimation of true scores for assignments based on peer grades, by explicitly modeling the bias and reliability of each grader. However, these models assume that graders’ reliability are only impacted by their knowledge/ ability levels while ignoring their grading behaviors. In real life, graders’ grading behaviors (e.g., the time consumed for reviewing an assignment) reflect the seriousness of the graders in the assessment and greatly affect their reliability. Following this intuition, we propose two novel probabilistic graph models, named BPG6 and BPG7, for cardinal peer assessment, which optimize the modeling of the reliability of graders by incorporating various grading behaviors of them. Besides, we develop a peer assessment system, named BPA, which collects abundant grading behaviors of graders and thus facilitates the evaluation of the proposed models and our teaching practices. Experimental results on the collected datasets show the superiority of the proposed models in improving the estimation accuracy of the true scores of assignments by leveraging graders’ grading behaviors. Finally, by analyzing the feedback from teaching practices of peer assessment using the BPA system, we not only prove the usability of the BPA system but also once again demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in peer assessment.
Development of Highly Viscous Multiphase Fluid Flows: Towards an Approximate Analysis
Authors: Nazeer Mubbashar , Hussain Farooq , Türkyılmazoğlu Mustafa , Javed M. A. , Shahzad Qasiar
Published: January 2023

Two separate types of multiphase flow models have been developed theoretically in this paper. Fourth-grade fluid model of non-Newtonian in nature is considered the main carrier. Silver and gold metallic particles of spherical shape suspend to form highly viscous multiphase flows which drift through an inclined channel. Effects of magnetic fields acting across the channel are applied as the body force. An approximate solution for the nonlinear flow dynamics of the two-phase suspensions. A comprehensive parametric study is performed to graphs against the pertinent parameters. Further, the obtained mathematical results and visual evidence are validated through computational data and found to be in completer agreement. It is inferred that gold multiphase suspensions can effectively be used in chemical and coating processes.
Multi-objective Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search with Pareto Rank-preserving Surrogate Models
Authors: Benmeziane Hadjer , Ouarnoughi Hamza , El Maghraoui Kaoutar , Niar Smail
Published: January 2023

Deep learning (DL) models such as convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) are being deployed to solve various computer vision and natural language processing tasks at the edge. It is a challenge to find the right DL architecture that simultaneously meets the accuracy, power, and performance budgets of such resource-constrained devices. Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search (HW-NAS) has recently gained steam by automating the design of efficient DL models for a variety of target hardware platforms. However, such algorithms require excessive computational resources. Thousands of GPU days are required to evaluate and explore an architecture search space such as FBNet [
45
]. State-of-the-art approaches propose using surrogate models to predict architecture accuracy and hardware performance to speed up HW-NAS. Existing approaches use independent surrogate models to estimate each objective, resulting in non-optimal Pareto fronts. In this article, HW-PR-NAS,

1

a novel Pareto rank-preserving surrogate model for edge computing platforms, is presented. Our model integrates a new loss function that ranks the architectures according to their Pareto rank, regardless of the actual values of the various objectives. We employ a simple yet effective surrogate model architecture that can be generalized to any standard DL model. We then present an optimized evolutionary algorithm that uses and validates our surrogate model. Our approach has been evaluated on seven edge hardware platforms from various classes, including ASIC, FPGA, GPU, and multi-core CPU. The evaluation results show that HW-PR-NAS achieves up to 2.5× speedup compared to state-of-the-art methods while achieving 98% near the actual Pareto front.
Inhibition of the endocannabinoid system reverses obese phenotype in aged mice and partly restores skeletal muscle function
Authors: Fajardo Lucas , Sanchez Phelipe , Salles Jérôme , Rigaudière Jean Paul , Patrac Véronique , Caspar-Bauguil Sylvie , Bergoglgio Camille , Moro Cédric , Walrand Stéphane , Le Bacquer Olivier
Published: January 2023

In 24-month-old mice submitted to high-fat high-sucrose-induced obesity, inhibition of the endocannabinoid system by rimonabant reversed the obese phenotype by promoting adipose tissue browning and β-oxidation in the liver but not in skeletal muscle. These metabolism modifications are associated with improved skeletal muscle function.
An Improved Adam Optimization Algorithm Combining Adaptive Coefficients and Composite Gradients Based on Randomized Block Coordinate Descent
Authors: Liu Miaomiao , Yao Dan , Liu Zhigang , Guo Jingfeng , Chen Jing
Published: January 2023

An improved Adam optimization algorithm combining adaptive coefficients and composite gradients based on randomized block coordinate descent is proposed to address issues of the Adam algorithm such as slow convergence, the tendency to miss the global optimal solution, and the ineffectiveness of processing high‐dimensional vectors. The adaptive coefficient is used to adjust the gradient deviation value and correct the search direction firstly. Then, the predicted gradient is introduced, and the current gradient and the first‐order momentum are combined to form a composite gradient to improve the global optimization ability. Finally, the random block coordinate method is used to determine the gradient update mode, which reduces the computational overhead. Simulation experiments on two standard datasets for classification show that the convergence speed and accuracy of the proposed algorithm are higher than those of the six gradient descent methods, and the CPU and memory utilization are significantly reduced. In addition, based on logging data, the BP neural networks optimized by six algorithms, respectively, are used to predict reservoir porosity. Results show that the proposed method has lower system overhead, higher accuracy, and stronger stability, and the absolute error of more than 86% data is within 0.1%, which further verifies its effectiveness.
Posoleucel, an Allogeneic, Off-the-Shelf Multivirus-Specific T-Cell Therapy, for the Treatment of Refractory Viral Infections in the Post-HCT Setting
Authors: Pfeiffer Thomas , Tzannou Ifigeneia , Wu Mengfen , Ramos Carlos , Sasa Ghadir , Martinez Caridad , Lulla Premal , Krance Robert A. , Scherer Lauren , Ruderfer Daniel , Naik Swati , Bocchini Claire , Fraser Iain P. , Patel Badrish , Ward Dany , Wang Tao , Heslop Helen E. , Leen Ann M. , Omer Bilal
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

Viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In the absence of safe and effective antiviral treatments, virus-specific T cells have emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Posoleucel is a multivirus-specific T-cell therapy for off-the-shelf use against six viral infections that commonly occur in allo-HCT recipients: adenovirus, BK virus (BKV), cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, human herpes virus-6, and JC virus.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted an open-label, phase II trial to determine the feasibility and safety of posoleucel in allo-HCT recipients infected with one or more of these viruses. Infections were either unresponsive to or patients were unable to tolerate standard antiviral therapies. Fifty-eight adult and pediatric patients were enrolled and treated.

Results:

Posoleucel was well tolerated, with no cytokine release syndrome or other infusion-related toxicities; two patients (3.4%) developed Grade 2 and one patient (1.7%) Grade 3 GvHD during the trial. The overall response rate 6 weeks after the first posoleucel infusion was 95%, with a median plasma viral load reduction of 97%. Of the 12 patients who had two or more target viral infections identified at study entry, 10 (83%) had a clinical response for all evaluable viruses. Of the 23 patients treated for refractory BKV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis, 74% had resolution of symptoms and macroscopic hematuria by 6 weeks post-infusion.

Conclusions:

In this open-label trial, treatment of refractory viral infections/disease in allo-HCT recipients with posoleucel was feasible, safe, and effective.
Cancer Cell Resistance to IFNγ Can Occur via Enhanced Double-Strand Break Repair Pathway Activity
Authors: Han Tong , Wang Xujun , Shi Sailing , Zhang Wubing , Wang Jue , Wu Qiu , Li Ziyi , Fu Jingxin , Zheng Rongbin , Zhang Jiamin , Tang Qin , Zhang Peng , Wang Chenfei
Published: January 2023

The pleiotropic cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ) is associated with cytostatic, antiproliferation, and proapoptotic functions in cancer cells. However, resistance to IFNγ occurs in many cancer cells, and the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. To investigate potential IFNγ-resistance mechanisms, we performed IFNγ-sensitivity screens in more than 40 cancer cell lines and characterized the sensitive and resistant cell lines. By applying CRISPR screening and transcriptomic profiling in both IFNγ-sensitive and IFNγ-resistant cells, we discovered that activation of double-strand break (DSB) repair genes could result in IFNγ resistance in cancer cells. Suppression of single-strand break (SSB) repair genes increased the dependency on DSB repair genes after IFNγ treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of the DSB repair pathway exhibited a synergistic effect with IFNγ treatment both in vitro and in vivo. The relationship between the activation of DSB repair genes and IFNγ resistance was further confirmed in clinical tumor profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) cohorts. Our study provides comprehensive resources and evidence to elucidate a mechanism of IFNγ resistance in cancer and has the potential to inform combination therapies to overcome immunotherapy resistance.
Diagnostic Strategy and Prognostic Factors for Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome: A Retrospective Study of 64 Cases
Authors: Chen Wenzhan , Chen Li , Pei Ling , Zeng Rui , Wu Liting , Wang Chenxue , Li Yanbing , Xiao Haipeng , Cao Xiaopei
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) syndrome (EAS) is a serious life-threatening disease. Tumor localization is crucial in EAS management. This underscores the importance of evaluating imaging methods and prognostic factors to provide a clear basis for patient diagnosis and management. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate imaging methods and analyze the relevant prognostic factors for EAS. Methods: The retrospective study followed 64 cases of EAS diagnosed between 1992 and 2020. Clinical features, biochemical analysis, and imaging studies were collected, and survival data were followed up and analyzed. Results: Of 64 patients, 41% were female with a mean (±SD) age at diagnosis of 47 ± 16 years. Computed tomography (CT), 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT, and octreotide scintigraphy had similar sensitivity in localizing ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors. However, in cases with negative imaging on CT, both of 18F-FDG PET-CT and octreotide scintigraphy further localized 25% tumors. The combination of all three modalities failed to further increase the sensitivity. Patients with thymic tumors survived longer than those with pulmonary or pancreatic tumors (p = 0.013 and 0.047, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed that hypokalemia (p = 0.004) and treatment modality (p = 0.048) were independent prognostic factors. The optimal serum potassium cutoff based on maximum log-rank statistics (p = 0.012) was 2.90 mmol/L. Conclusion: CT is the first choice for tumor localization in EAS. CT in combination with a nuclear medicine or molecular imaging modality is necessary for further identification of an ectopic source. Serum potassium <2.90 mmol/L is associated with shorter overall survival, and tumor resection plays the most important role in the survival improvement.
Case Report of Two Siblings Diagnosed with Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type XV with a New Mutation in the WNT1 Gene and Review of the Literature
Authors: Çavdartepe Büşra Eser , İpek Rojan
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder characterized by bone fractures and low bone mass. Recently, mutations of the WNT1 gene have been reported to be causative in OI. The mutation in WNT1 causes autosomal-recessive OI due to its critical role in bone formation. WNT1 mutations cause varying degrees of clinical severity, ranging from moderate to progressively deforming forms. In addition to the OI phenotype, our cases also had extra-skeletal findings. Case Presentation: We describe two siblings with multiple fractures and developmental delay. A novel homozygous frameshift WNT1 mutation was detected in this family, and we reviewed the literature for WNT1-related OI cases. Discussion: We report a novel variant with a clinical diagnosis of severe OI, and this review will provide a comprehensive overview of previously published cases of OI type XV. With a better understanding of disorders associated with WNT1 mutations, therapies targeting Wnt1 signaling pathway may contribute therapeutic benefits.
Endoscopic Ligation with O-Ring Closure for Mucosal Defects after Rectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Feasibility Study (with Video)
Authors: Tada Naoya , Kobara Hideki , Nishiyama Noriko , Kozuka Kazuhiro , Matsui Takanori , Chiyo Taiga , Kobayashi Nobuya , Yachida Tatsuo , Fujihara Shintaro , Masaki Tsutomu
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Mucosal defect closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) may prevent post-ESD adverse events. Delayed bleeding is a particular concern in the rectum due to the presence of numerous blood vessels. However, rectal defect closure often fails due to the thick rectal wall. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of our newly developed endoscopic ligation with O-ring closure (E-LOC) for defects after rectal ESD. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a single institution. After excluding 2 patients with tumors mostly extending into the anal canal, the study cohort comprised 30 consecutive patients who underwent ESD of rectal neoplasms between July 2020 and July 2021. E-LOC using an endoscopic variceal ligation device was performed for closing mucosal defects after rectal ESD. The primary outcome was the complete closure rate. The secondary outcomes were the delayed bleeding rate, E-LOC procedure time, sustained closure rates on postoperative day (POD) 3, and E-LOC-associated complications. Results: Complete closure of the defect (median defect size 29.0 mm) was successfully achieved in 24 cases (80%). Delayed bleeding occurred in one case with incomplete closure (3.3%). The median E-LOC procedure time was 25.5 min (interquartile range, 20.0–30.0 min). The sustained closure rates were 83.3% (20/24) on POD 3 in the 24 cases with complete closure. No E-LOC-associated complications occurred. Discussion/Conclusions: E-LOC was feasible for defect closure after rectal ESD, and probably led to a decreased incidence of delayed bleeding.
Urinary Biomarkers of Tubular Health and Risk for Kidney Function Decline or Mortality in Diabetes
Authors: Chen Teresa K. , Coca Steven G. , Thiessen-Philbrook Heather R. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Obeid Wassim , Ix Joachim H. , Fried Linda F. , Bonventre Joseph V. , El-Khoury Joe M. , Shlipak Michael G. , Parikh Chirag R. ,   on behalf of the CKD Biomarkers Consortium (BioCon)
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Diabetes is a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Biomarkers of tubular health may prognosticate chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression beyond estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Methods: We examined associations of five urinary biomarkers of tubular injury and repair (NGAL, KIM-1, IL-18, MCP-1, YKL-40) with kidney function decline (first occurrence of a decrease in eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2 if randomization eGFR ≥60 or ≥50% if randomization eGFR <60; ESKD) and all-cause mortality among 1,135 VA NEPHRON-D trial participants with baseline UACR ≥300 mg/g and available urine samples. Covariates included age, sex, race, BMI, systolic BP, HbA1c, treatment arm, eGFR, and UACR. In a subset of participants with 12-month samples (n = 712), we evaluated associations of KIM-1, MCP-1, and YKL-40 change (from baseline to 12 months) with eGFR decline (from 12 months onward). Results: At baseline, mean age was 65 years, mean eGFR was 56 mL/min/1.73 m2, and median UACR was 840 mg/g. Over a median of 2.2 years, 13% experienced kidney function decline and 9% died. In fully adjusted models, the highest versus lowest quartiles of MCP-1 and YKL-40 were associated with 2.18- and 1.76-fold higher risks of kidney function decline, respectively. One-year changes in KIM-1, MCP-1, and YKL-40 were not associated with subsequent eGFR decline. Higher baseline levels of NGAL, IL-18, MCP-1, and YKL-40 levels (per 2-fold higher) were independently associated with 10–40% higher risk of mortality. Conclusion: Among Veterans with diabetes and CKD, urinary biomarkers of tubular health were associated with kidney function decline and mortality.
Impact of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 on Bacterial Overgrowth and Composition of Intestinal Microbiota in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: Results of a Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Bustos Fernández Luis Maria , Man Fernando , Lasa Juan Sebastián
Published: January 2023

Background: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is associated with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Probiotics like Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 (Sb) may be efficacious in balancing the microbiota. This randomized open label study assessed the effect of Sb in patients with bacterial overgrowth associated with IBS-D and its impact on the intestinal microbiota. Methods: Patients were randomized to receive Sb + dietary advice (Sb + DA) or dietary advice (DA) only for 15 days. SIBO was assessed by the lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT). Symptoms were assessed with the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) and stool consistency with the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Microbiota and mycobiota were analyzed by 16S rDNA and ITS2. Results: 54 patients were included, among whom 48 (27 Sb + DA, 21 DA) were evaluated. Decrease of hydrogen excretion was slightly higher in Sb + DA group, 41% versus 29% in DA group, and IBS-SSS total score were reduced by −134 and −93, respectively. The proportion of patients with diarrhea was lower in the Sb + DA group than in the DA group (25.9% compared to 47.6%). Bacterial and fungal microbiota showed that Sb treatment was associated with several modifications. Interestingly, F. prausnitzii was more abundant in Sb-treated patients with marked clinical improvement. The safety of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 was excellent. Conclusions: In patients with SIBO, S. boulardii CNCM I-745 associated with dietary advice reduced bacterial overgrowth and improved digestive symptoms while restoring the intestinal microbiota. The increased abundance of F. prausnitzii coupled with symptom improvement merits further research.
IgA Nephropathy with Crescents: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Ramani Nirali , Whittier William L. , Korbet Stephen M.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The presence of crescents in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has been associated with a poor prognosis. We assess the prognosis of crescents in our patients with IgAN. Methods: IgAN was diagnosed in 73 patients biopsied at Rush University Medical Center from 1992 to 2020, and crescents were seen in 26 (36%). Clinical, laboratory and histologic features at biopsy, and treatment and outcome (end-stage kidney disease, ESKD) were collected retrospectively. Data are presented as mean ± SD and a p value of <0.05 was significant. Results: There was no difference in hypertension, SCr, or eGFR in patients with crescents compared to those without crescents but patients with crescents had higher UPro/Cr ratio (2.8 ± 2.7 vs. 1.7 ± 1.7 g/g, p 0.04). The percentage of glomeruli with global and segmental sclerosis (32 ± 25% vs. 38 ± 28%, p 0.35) and the proportion of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (22 ± 20% vs. 22 ± 22%, p 0.76) were similar. Only 19% of patients with crescents had lesions involving ≥25% of glomeruli. A larger proportion of patients with crescents were treated with immunosuppressive agents (70% vs. 21%, p 0.0005). After 8.4 ± 7 years of follow-up, ESKD (19% vs. 23%, p 0.77) and renal survival at 10 years (80% vs. 74%, p 0.99) were similar in patients with and without crescents. Conclusion: The presence of crescents in IgAN was not associated with an increased risk of progression to ESKD. This may be a result of the fact that the majority of our patients had crescents involving <25% of glomeruli and received aggressive treatment with immunosuppressive agents.
External Validation of the IHS4-55 in a European Antibiotic-Treated Hidradenitis Suppurativa Cohort
Authors: van Straalen Kelsey R. , Tzellos Thrasyvoulos , Alavi Afsaneh , Benhadou Farida , Cuenca-Barrales Carlos , Daxhelet Mathilde , Daoud Mathieu , Efthymiou Ourania , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Guillem Philippe , Gulliver Wayne , Jemec Gregor B.E. , Katoulis Alexander , Koenig Anke , Lazaridou Elizabeth , Lowes Michelle A. , Marzano Angelo V. , Matusiak Lukasz , Molina-Leyva Alejandro , Moltrasio Chiara , Pinter Andreas , Potenza Concetta , Prens Errol P. , Romaní Jorge , Saunte Ditte M. , Sayed Christopher , Skroza Nevena , Stergianou Dimitra , Szepietowski Jacek C. , Trigoni Anastasia , Vilarrasa Eva , Kyrgidis Athanassios , Zouboulis Christos C. , van der Zee Hessel H.
Published: January 2023

Background: Previously, a new dichotomous outcome was developed, calculated as 55% reduction in the International Hidradenitis Suppurativa 4 (IHS4-55) score. It was validated in datasets of adalimumab and placebo-treated HS patients. External validation is an important aspect of clinical outcomes. Objectives: We aimed to externally validate the novel dichotomous IHS4-55 in a non-biologic treated dataset of HS patients. Methods: Data from a previously published European-wide prospective clinical study of antibiotic treatment of HS patients were used to assess the association of IHS4-55 achievement with individual reduction in inflammatory nodules, abscesses, and draining tunnels. Moreover, the associations between IHS4-55 positivity and achievement of the minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) for Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Pain, and NRS Pruritus were analyzed. Results: Data were obtained from 283 individual patients, of which 36.4% (103/283) were treated with clindamycin and rifampicin and 63.6% (180/283) with tetracyclines for 12 weeks. Achievers of the IHS4-55 demonstrated a significant reduction the counts of inflammatory nodules, abscesses, and draining tunnels (all p < 0.001). Additionally, IHS4-55 achievers had an odds ratio for achieving the MCID of DLQI, NRS Pain, and NRS Pruritus of 2.16 (95% CI 1.28–3.65, p < 0.01), 1.79 (95% CI 1.10–2.91, p < 0.05), and 1.95 (95% CI 1.18–3.22, p < 0.01), respectively. Conclusions: This study shows the external validity of the novel IHS4-55 by demonstrating a significant association between IHS4-55 achievement and a reduction in inflammatory lesion counts as well as achievement of MCIDs for DLQI, NRS Pain, and NRS Pruritus in an antibiotic-treated cohort. These findings support the use of the IHS4-55 as a novel primary outcome measure in clinical trials.
Challenges in the Management of a 7-Year-Old Child with Thyrotropin-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma and the Review of the Literature
Authors: Kirkgoz Tarik , Abali Saygin , Seker Askin , Gurpinar Tosun Busra , Eltan Mehmet , Helvacioglu Didem , Haliloglu Belma , Kaygusuz Sare Betul , Yavas Abali Zehra , Seven Menevse Tuba , Bozkurt Suheyla , Ones Tunc , Guran Tulay , Dagcinar Adnan , Bereket Abdullah , Turan Serap
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Thyrotropin-producing pituitary adenoma (TSHoma) is a very rare disease, representing less than 1% of the pituitary tumours and presenting with elevated thyroid hormones and normal/high TSH concentrations. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy with nervousness was referred by his psychiatrist for elevated free T4, T3, and TSH levels. Initial evaluation revealed an elevated α-subunit. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a macroadenoma. The patient underwent a trans-sphenoidal tumour resection (TSS) which showed positive immunohistochemical staining for TSH, growth hormone, and prolactin in tumoral tissue. Euthyroidism was achieved for 1 year after TSS, then recurrence of tumour with elevated TSH and thyroid hormone levels necessitated a re-operation with TSS followed by gamma-knife radiosurgery. The euthyroid state was achieved and lasted for 2.5 years this time, but due to the recurrence, medical treatment had been commenced with cabergoline and octreotide. Euthyroidism was maintained for the last 4 years on monthly octreotide treatment. A repeat MRI demonstrated no pituitary mass, but a mass in the sphenoidal sinus had been detected. Removal of this mass by surgery did not achieve euthyroidism. 68Ga-DOTA-TATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed residual tissue extending from the pituitary region to the sphenoid sinus. The patient’s bone age was advanced by 2 years at diagnosis which became 4 years in 1 year after the diagnosis and remained so throughout follow-up, leading to a final height of −3.3 SDS below his target height at the age of 16 years. Conclusion: The diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of TSHomas are challenging, and short stature due to accelerated bone maturation is a complication of paediatric TSHomas.
A Iniciativa da Nova Rota da Seda e seu Impacto na Conectividade da América Latina: Um Estudo de Caso do Chile e do Peru
Authors: Kroetz Maria Eugênia , Germanò Marco André
Published: January 2023

Desde o seu lançamento, em 2013, a iniciativa da Nova Rota da Seda (NRS) tem impulsionado investimentos em grandes projetos de infraestrutura que promovem novos fluxos comerciais e de investimentos entre a China e os países receptores do capital chinês. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar de que maneira a política da NRS tem produzido, concretamente, maior conectividade regional e global na América Latina e Caribe (ALC) — região que constitui importante elo da iniciativa e que, até julho de 2022, contava com 21 países partícipes. Para tanto, os autores examinaram empiricamente a experiência de dois países que acederam à política, Chile e Peru, a fim de compreender de que maneira os investimentos chineses têm impactado a sua conectividade com países vizinhos e outras regiões globais, partindo-se da compreensão do conceito de conectividade como um fenômeno trifacetado que engloba dinâmicas de investimentos, comércio e regulação jurídica. O artigo conclui que há na ALC um aumento da conectividade regional dos países partícipes via maiores fluxos comerciais regionais, globais e com a China. Contudo, não se pode atribuir à entrada oficial dos países na iniciativa tais resultados, especialmente em se tratando da conectividade nos aspectos jurídicos e de infraestrutura física.
O enfrentamento ao tráfico humano no Mercosul
Authors: Dominguez Brenda de Paula Mendes
Published: January 2023

Esse artigo objetiva analisar na primeira parte como o tráfico de pessoas é tratado no Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul). Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre o tema no Instituto de Políticas Públicas e Direitos Humanos (IPPDH), no recorte temporal de 1991-2020 a fim de abranger a evolução da agenda anti-tráfico no bloco. A segunda seção do artigo apresentará o conceito do tráfico humano, e a terceira seção analisará como o tema foi tratado no bloco a partir de uma cooperação essencialmente técnica, que pouco aborda os resultados de seus mecanismos. Por fim, será considerado que, apesar de o Mercosul ter se engajado na criação de protocolos e guias de cooperação técnica para beneficiar a implementação de políticas anti-tráfico eficazes nos países-membros, a ausência de harmonização nas políticas anti-tráfico nacionais, e na própria concepção dos países sobre o tráfico de pessoas, inviabiliza uma política única de enfrentamento ao tráfico humano no bloco.
Gonzaguinha e “Libertad mariposa”: uma conexão com a Nova Trova Cubana
Authors: Soares Rodrigo Lauriano
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo reflete sobre a aproximação de Gonzaguinha com o movimento de renovação musical cubano, a Nova Trova Cubana, sobretudo a partir da análise da música “Libertad Mariposa”, lançada em 1980 no disco De volta ao começo. “La festivida”, censurada em 1973, também é analisada como um dos primeiros momentos da conexão de Gonzaguinha com os movimentos de renovação musical de outros países da América Latina, que surgem no final da década de 1960. O objetivo é analisar um fragmento das conexões culturais estabelecidas por artistas brasileiros com esses movimentos, durante o regime militar brasileiro, a fim de compreender alguns dos significados dessa aproximação artístico-cultural. Como estratégia metodológica, se optou por comparar alguns dos significados das músicas em questão com os discursos da imprensa brasileira sobre Gonzaguinha e suas produções musicais. Esses casos contribuem para pensar a circulação das vertentes da Nueva Canción na resistência cultural à ditadura militar brasileira.
Reseña del libro: Problemas teóricos del estado integral en América Latina. Fuerzas en tensión y crisis
Authors: Laguna Quiroga Nicolás
Published: January 2023

Problemas teóricos del Estado integral en América Latina, volumen coordinado por el Dr. Lucio Oliver Costilla, presenta diversos análisis respecto a las relaciones entre Estado y sociedad civil en América Latina y las disputas entre proyectos y fuerzas sociales, fundamentalmente en las primeras dos décadas del siglo XXI. Ello en el contexto de la crisis hegemónica de los estados nacionales de competencia y el neoliberalismo. Hegemonía, Estado integral y sociedad civil, son los ejes conceptuales centrales que guían las elaboraciones que componen el libro, pero también están presentes problemáticas concretas e históricas que definen el carácter de cada contexto social. De igual manera, se exponen potenciales vetas de reflexión para las ciencias sociales, a partir del diálogo entre el análisis de las coyunturas particulares y la teoría crítica latinoamericana clásica. En conjunto, estos análisis expresan también el rol activo de intelectuales como sujetos de la disputa por los sentidos comunes de la sociedad.
O regime do terror: a resistência ao autoritarismo pelas Irmãs Mirabal no filme No Tempo das Borboletas
Authors: Parizani Raphaella
Published: January 2023

O presente texto pretende realizar uma análise das representações fílmicas da resistência das Irmãs Mirabal ao regime de Rafael Trujillo (1930-1938 e 1942-1952) no filme No Tempo das Borboletas (dir. Mariano Barroso, EUA-México, 2001). Devido à relevância histórica do episódio para a República Dominicana e América Latina, as irmãs tornaram-se símbolo da luta contra o autoritarismo e contra a violência, com sua memória permanecendo viva até os dias atuais. Diante disso, é pretendido realizar uma análise das representações do ditador e das irmãs na obra audiovisual, bem como o ato de resistência apresentado e como, a partir disso, a histórias das irmãs se tornou um símbolo da luta contra o autoritarismo e violência.
Atenção e publicidade infantil no YouTube: um estudo do conteúdo de Luccas Neto
Authors: Sebastião Meire de Fátima dos Santos , Londero Rodolfo Rorato
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é abordar o problema da atenção a partir da análise do conteúdo publicitário presente no canal do YouTube de Luccas Neto. Busca-se investigar como a publicidade se configura dentro de um dos maiores canais brasileiros no segmento infantil. A metodologia adotada é a análise de conteúdo, com recorte temporal de outubro a dezembro de 2019. No universo analisado, formado por 82 vídeos, foi constatado que a publicidade se divide em dois tipos: separada da narrativa e inserida na narrativa, também chamada de product placement. O artigo conclui que, apesar de todas as formas de publicidade infantil serem abusivas, o grande problema está no product placement, que atrai a atenção da criança com recursos visuais, mas dificulta sua identificação como publicidade.
Comunicação como trabalho da diversidade (perspectiva e metodologia)
Authors: Warren Jardim Gomes Braga José Luiz
Published: January 2023

Partindo da variação processual da comunicação constatada no mundo da vida e valorizando a decorrente diversificação de pesquisas e teorias, este artigo propõe uma perspectiva de conhecimento em uma linha de epistemologia evolutiva, com uma abrangência que supera a dispersão sem prejuízo da variedade de problemas, de objetos de observação e de objetivos de investigação. A perspectiva assume a capacidade de diversificação da espécie humana como um desafio comunicacional e propõe uma linha de conexão entre esse desafio abrangente e a pluralidade de urgências interacionais que ocorrem no ambiente social. Ademais, o artigo desenvolve a metodologia de pesquisa pertinente e prevê a realização de pesquisas empíricas para testar a perspectiva.
Epistemophilia: Lentezza, fratture, paresi dell’auto-ricerca verso un’antropologia-non-antropocentrica
Authors: Canevacci Massimo
Published: January 2023

La ricerca percorre la mia esperienza personale prima di entrare all'università e dopo, da quando ho iniziato a insegnare e a fare ricerca. L'identità del ricercatore si pluralizza dopo aver criticato il metodo della dialettica e della sintesi, per affermare una visione transitiva basata su una costellazione mobile che richiama alcuni concetti mutanti e fondamentali: feticismo, sincretismo, polifonia, eteronomia, diaspora, amicizia, stupore, ubiquità, genere , indisciplina e Marx66. L'etnografia si presenta come un tentativo di attraversare antropologia e filosofia visto trovarsio al crocevia del chiasma.
Reflexos, reflexividade, refração: Consequências de uma escolha!
Authors: Jacks Nilda
Published: January 2023

Este artigo trata da produção intelectual realizada entre a dissertação de mestrado defendida em 1985 no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação da Escola de Comunicação e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo e a pesquisa mais recente, em desenvolvimento. O objetivo é identificar as marcas deixadas pela formação obtida em nível de pós-graduação, considerando que o doutorado foi realizado no mesmo programa, relacionando-as às pesquisas realizadas durante a trajetória acadêmica.
Teses e dissertações de 1º de julho de 2021 a 30 de junho de 2022
Authors: Lopes Maria Immacolata Vassallo de , Rodrigues Maria Clotilde Perez , Barreto Filho Eneus Trindade
Published: January 2023

Dados das teses e dissertações defendidas no PPGCOM/USP de 1º de julho de 2021 a 30 de junho de 2022.
Gaps in the Care of Pulmonary Hypertension: A Cross‐Sectional Patient Simulation Study Among Practicing Cardiologists and Pulmonologists
Authors: de Belen Enrico , McConnell John W. , Elwing Jean M. , Paculdo David , Cabaluna Ian , Linder Jörg , Peabody John W.
Published: January 2023

Background

Diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often delayed or missed, leading to disease progression and missed treatment opportunities. In this study, we measured variation in care provided by board‐certified cardiologists and pulmonologists in simulated patients with potentially undiagnosed PH.

Methods and Results

In a cross‐sectional study (
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
, NCT04693793), 219 US practicing cardiologists and pulmonologists cared for simulated patients presenting with symptoms of chronic dyspnea and associated signs of potential PH. We scored the clinical quality‐of‐care decisions made in a clinical encounter against predetermined evidence‐based criteria. Overall, quality‐of‐care scores ranged from 18% to 74%, averaging 43.2%±11.5%. PH, when present, was correctly suspected 49.1% of the time. Conversely, physicians incorrectly identified PH in 53.7% of non‐PH cases. Physicians ordered 2‐dimensional echocardiography in just 64.3% of cases overall. Physicians who ordered 2‐dimensional echocardiography in the PH cases were significantly more likely to get the presumptive diagnosis (61.9% versus 30.7%;
P
<0.001). Ordering other diagnostic work‐up items showed similar results for ventilation/perfusion scan (81.5% versus 51.4%;
P
=0.005) and high‐resolution computed tomography (60.4% versus 43.2%;
P
=0.001). Physicians who correctly identified PH were significantly more likely to order confirmatory right heart catheterization or refer to PH center (67.3% versus 15.8%;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

A wide range of care in the clinical practice among simulated patients presenting with possible PH was found, specifically in the evaluation and plan for definitive diagnosis of patients with PH. The delay or misdiagnosis of PH is likely attributed to a low clinical suspicion, nonspecific symptoms, and underuse of key diagnostic tests.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04693793.
Age‐Dependent Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors and Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kaneko Hidehiro , Yano Yuichiro , Okada Akira , Itoh Hidetaka , Suzuki Yuta , Yokota Isao , Morita Kojiro , Fujiu Katsuhito , Michihata Nobuaki , Jo Taisuke , Yamaguchi Satoko , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Node Koichi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Nangaku Masaomi , Kadowaki Takashi , McEvoy John W. , Lam Carolyn S. P. , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei
Published: January 2023

Background

There have been limited data examining the age‐dependent relationship of wide‐range risk factors with the incidence of each subtype of cardiovascular disease (CVD) event. We assessed age‐related associations between modifiable risk factors and the incidence of CVD.

Methods and Results

We analyzed 3 027 839 participants without a CVD history enrolled in the JMDC Claims Database (mean age, 44.8±11.0 years; 57.6% men). Each participant was categorized as aged 20 to 49 years (n=2 008 559), 50 to 59 years (n=712 273), and 60 to 75 years (n=307 007). Using Cox proportional hazards models and the relative risk reduction, we identified associations between risk factors and incident CVD, consisting of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, and heart failure (HF). We assessed whether the association of risk factors for developing CVD would be modified by age category. Over a mean follow‐up of 1133 days, 6315 myocardial infarction, 56 447 angina pectoris, 28 079 stroke, and 56 369 HF events were recorded. The incidence of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, and HF increased with age category. Hazard ratios of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in the multivariable Cox regression analyses for myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, stroke, and HF decreased with age category. The relative risk reduction of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes for CVD events decreased with age category. For example, the relative risk reduction of hypertension for HF decreased from 59.2% in participants aged 20 to 49 years to 38.1% in those aged 60 to 75 years.

Conclusions

The contribution of modifiable risk factor to the development of CVD is greater in younger compared with older individuals. Preventive efforts for risk factor modification may be more effective in younger people.
Rectified Ocean Heat Uptake from Oscillatory Surface Forcing
Authors: Pudig M. P. , Yung C. K. , Zika J. D. , Holmes R. M.
Published: January 2023

Ocean heat uptake is asymmetric with respect to the sign of radiative forcing. It is already known that surface cooling anomalies penetrate into the ocean faster than surface warming anomalies. Because of this asymmetry, the time-variable component of radiative forcing can induce a long-term, rectified cooling trend in ocean heat content, which is this work’s primary focus. Here, we explore this asymmetry and rectification on global and interannual scales, its implications, and its possible dependence on model parameters. We do so using a full-complexity global ocean–sea ice general circulation model and an idealized one-dimensional vertical mixing model, both forced with idealized abrupt and oscillatory surface forcing anomalies. In both models, the ocean heat uptake response to an abrupt cooling perturbation is larger than an equal-magnitude warming perturbation. This asymmetry is shown to be larger when the background vertical diffusivity is smaller, and is therefore likely model dependent. Sinusoidal oscillatory forcing with zero time mean induces a rectified cooling trend in both models, whose magnitude depends on both the diffusivity and the frequency of the interannual oscillatory forcing. The net rectified cooling can reach a rate of approximately −0.11 W m−2, which is substantial relative to the estimated anthropogenic warming rate of 0.47 W m−2 (von Schuckmann et al.). We discuss this rectification effect in the context of volcanic forcing in climate models, whose time-variable component may cause model-dependent ocean cooling in CMIP6 historical simulations, reaching 5%–30% the size of the total impact of volcanic forcing in our one-dimensional model. Correcting for this cooling may help reduce uncertainties in modeled ocean heat content evolution.
Predictors of suicidal ideation severity among treatment-seeking young people with major depressive disorder: The role of state and trait anxiety
Authors: Moller Carl I , Badcock Paul B , Hetrick Sarah E , Rice Simon , Berk Michael , Witt Katrina , Chanen Andrew M , Dean Olivia M , Gao Caroline , Cotton Sue M , Davey Christopher G
Published: January 2023

Objective:

Depression and suicidal ideation are closely intertwined. Yet, among young people with depression, the specific factors that contribute to changes in suicidal ideation over time are uncertain. Factors other than depressive symptom severity, such as comorbid psychopathology and personality traits, might be important contributors. Our aim was to identify contributors to fluctuations in suicidal ideation severity over a 12-week period in young people with major depressive disorder receiving cognitive behavioural therapy.

Methods:

Data were drawn from two 12-week randomised, placebo-controlled treatment trials. Participants ( N = 283) were 15–25 years old, with moderate to severe major depressive disorder. The primary outcome measure was the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, administered at baseline and weeks 4, 8 and 12. A series of linear mixed models was conducted to examine the relationship between Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire score and demographic characteristics, comorbid psychopathology, personality traits and alcohol use.

Results:

Depression and anxiety symptom severity, and trait anxiety, independently predicted higher suicidal ideation, after adjusting for the effects of time, demographics, affective instability, non-suicidal self-injury and alcohol use.

Conclusions:

Both state and trait anxiety are important longitudinal correlates of suicidal ideation in depressed young people receiving cognitive behavioural therapy, independent of depression severity. Reducing acute psychological distress, through reducing depression and anxiety symptom severity, is important, but interventions aimed at treating trait anxiety could also potentially be an effective intervention approach for suicidal ideation in young people with depression.