bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miR-144-3p is a biomarker related to severe corticosteroid-dependent asthma.
Authors: Rodrigo-Muñoz Jose , Martínez Marta Gil , Lorente-Sorolla Clara , García-Latorre Raquel , Valverde Marcela , Quirce Santiago , Sastre Joaquin , POZO VICTORIA DEL
Published: January 2024

Background MicroRNAs are noncoding molecules that act both as
regulators of the epigenetic landscape and as biomarkers for diseases,
including asthma. In the era of personalized medicine there is a need
for novel disease-associated biomarkers that can help in classifying
diseases into phenotypes for treatment selection. Currently, severe
eosinophilic asthma is one of the most widely studied phenotypes in
clinical practice, as many patients require higher and higher doses of
corticosteroids, which in some cases fail to achieve the desired
outcome. Such patients may only be benefit from alternative drugs such
as biologics, for which novel biomarkers are necessary. Methods
MiR-144-3p was evaluated in airway biopsies and serum from asthmatics
and healthy individuals. mRNA was studied in asthmatic biopsies and
smooth muscle cells transfected with miR-144-3p mimic. In silico
regulation of miR-144-3p was performed using miRSystem, miRDB, STRING
and ShinyGO for pathway analysis. Results We found that
miR-144-3p is a biomarker associated to asthma severity and
corticosteroid treatment. MiR-144-3p is increased in asthmatic lungs and
its presence correlates directly with blood eosinophilia and with the
expression of genes involved in asthma pathophysiology in the airways.
When studied in serum, this miRNA was increased in the severe asthmatics
and associated with higher doses of corticosteroids, thereby making it a
potential biomarker for severe asthma previously treated with higher
doses of corticosteroids. Conclusion MiR-144-3p is associated
with severe disease in both the airways and serum of asthmatics, and
this association is related to corticosteroids treatment.
Existence and uniqueness of weak solutions to the $n$-dimensional magneto-micropolar equations with fractional dissipation
Authors: Ma Liangliang
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to study the Cauchy problem for the
$n$-dimensional magneto-micropolar equations with fractional
dissipation. By some subtle estimates, Littlewood-Paley theory and
compact method, we prove the local existence and uniqueness of the
system in inhomogeneous Besov spaces under various fractional
dissipation assumptions. Explicitly, we examine the existence and
uniqueness of weak solutions to the $n$-dimensional
$(n\geq2)$ magneto-micropolar equations with fractional
dissipation $(-\Delta)^\alpha$,
fractional magnetic diffusion
$(-\Delta)^\beta$ and fractional spin
viscosity $(-\Delta)^\gamma$, and the
aim is at the uniqueness of weak solutions in the weakest possible
inhomogeneous Besov spaces. We establish the local existence and
uniqueness in the functional settings: i)
$u_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{1+\frac{n}{2}-2\alpha}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n),\
b_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{\frac{n}{2}}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n),\
w_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{1+\frac{n}{2}-2\gamma}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$
with one of the following situations: $n=2,\
\alpha=1,\
\beta=0,\
\frac{1}{2}\leq\gamma<1$;
$n=3,\ \alpha=1,\
\beta=0,\
\frac{1}{2}\leq\gamma<\frac{3}{2}$;
$n>3,\
\alpha=1,\
\beta=0,\
\frac{1}{2}\leq\gamma<\frac{n}{2}$;
$n\geq2,\
\frac{1}{2}\leq\alpha<\frac{n}{2},\
\beta\geq0,\
\alpha+\beta\geq1,\
1\leq\gamma<\frac{n}{2}$;
ii)
$u_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{1+\frac{n}{2}-2\alpha}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n),\
b_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{\frac{n}{2}}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n),\
w_0\in{\mathcal{B}}^{\frac{n}{2}}_{2,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$
with
$1\leq\alpha<\frac{n}{2}$,
$\beta\geq0$ and
$0\leq\gamma<\frac{n}{2}$,
$n\geq2$, in which we show the magneto-micropolar
equations admit a unique weak solution. These results in this paper
improve the known results and help us to understand more deeply the role
of fractional Laplace operator in the study of hydrodynamic equations.
Echocardiographic diagnosis of a Case of High-output Heart Failure Caused by an Arteriovenous Fistula of a Recurrent Cellular Leiomyoma in Pelvis
Authors: Wei Yajuan , huo huanhuan , Qi Yanhua , Liu Baomin
Published: January 2024

High-output heart failure is an important cause of heart failure that is
associated with increased mortality, and most frequently caused by
obesity, arteriovenous shunts, and liver disease. However, high-output
HF caused by a neoplasm-related arteriovenous fistula in adults is
uncommon. We report a case of high-output HF caused by massive
arteriovenous fistula shunting associated with suspicious recurrent
pelvic cellular leiomyoma. Echocardiography played an essential rale in
identification of high-output HF and different etiologies of it by
taking concern of stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index.
Face and content validity assessment of a novel post-thyroidectomy haematoma simulation model
Authors: Amos Dora , Beegun Issa , Tolley Neil
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objectives The objective of this paper is to describe a novel
post-thyroidectomy haematoma simulator and present data on its face and
content validity and curriculum applicability. Methods A simple
simulation model of a post-thyroidectomy haematoma was made using a
C-spine collar, silicone sheets and thickened jelly. The model was worn
by a simulated patient in a hybrid simulation. A prospective evaluation
study was performed. Medical, nursing and theatre staff were recruited
to complete a simulation using the model. All participants completed a
16-item questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale to assess the
following: face validity (FV), content validity (CV), task-specific
validity (TV) and curriculum applicability. Non-parametric statistics
were used. Results 74 participants completed the questionnaire. The
model achieved median face validity of 4 (interquartile range (IQR):
4-5), median content validity of 4 (IQR: 4-5) and median task-specific
validity of 5 (IQR: 4-5). In 14 out of 16 domains, participants gave a
score of 4 or 5 (agreed or strongly agreed) more than 80% of the time.
The median score for curriculum applicability was 5 (IQR: 4-5).
Conclusions This home-made simulator for post-thyroidectomy haematoma
evacuation achieved face and content validity. It is an accessible,
cheap and potentially life-saving training tool. This model may be
useful for multidisciplinary simulation-based training in the light of
the recent DAS, BAETS and ENT UK consensus guidelines on managing
post-thyroidectomy haematoma. Keywords: Simulation, post-thyroidectomy
haematoma, hybrid simulation, face validity, content validity Key
points: 1. Post-thyroidectomy haematoma is a rarely encountered and
potentially fatal complication of thyroid surgery. 2. No simulation
models for this condition have previously been validated. 3. We
developed a simple, home-made, cost-effective hybrid simulation model.
4. The model was tested at three separate training events for ENT
registrars and the multidisciplinary team. Data was collected using
Likert-scale questionnaires. 5. The model achieved good face and content
validity.
Exponential convex functions with respect to s and Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities
Authors: KADAKAL Mahir
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study the concept of exponential convex functions with
respect to s and prove Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for the newly
introduced this class of functions. In addition, we get some refinements
of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality for functions whose first derivative
in absolute value, raised to a certain power which is greater than one,
respectively at least one, is exponential convex with respect to s. Our
results coincide with the results obtained previously in special cases.
Quantification of Aspergillus fumigatus antigen Asp f 1 in airway tissue and allergic inflammation.
Authors: Miyabe Yui , Tomizawa Hiroki , Saito Hidekazu , Yamada Toshiki , Shiina Kazuhiro , Koizumi Ko , Kawasaki Yohei , Suzuki Shinsuke , Fukuchi Mineyo , Ueki Shigeharu , Ebihara Takashi , Yamada Takechiyo
Published: January 2024

Background: In allergic inflammation, the cells existing in the
mucosa take up antigens and present them to produce specific IgE, but
there is no clinical study that quantifies antigens that cause allergies
in local tissues. Fungi can induce the formation of nasal polyps via
epithelial damage and type-2 inflammation. Aspergillus fumigatus
is the most common environmental allergen; however, the involvement of
its specific antigens in local allergic reactions in nasal polyps has
not yet been reported. Objective: To investigate local allergic
reactions to the Aspergillus fumigatus antigen, Asp f 1 in
patients with CRSwNP. Materials and Methods: Nasal polyp
tissues were collected from 103 patients with CRSwNP during surgery and
homogenized. Tissue eosinophil counts and Asp f1,
Aspergillus-specific IgE, type 2 cytokines and galectin-10 levels
were measured in nasal polyps. Results: Eighteen cases (15.9%)
of 103 patients were positive for Asp f 1 and were divided into two
groups based on Asp f 1 levels. Asp f 1 levels positively correlated
with Aspergillus-specific IgE levels (r =0.68, p
<0.01). Aspergillus-specific IgE (p <0.01) levels in
nasal polyps were significantly higher in the high Asp f 1 group than in
the low Asp f 1 group although no significant differences were observed
in IgM levels between these groups. Furthermore, Asp f 1 levels
positively correlated with tissue IL-4 levels (r =0.85, p
<0.0005) or tissue galectin-10 levels (r =0.54,
p<0.01). Conclusion: This is the first study to
quantify the levels of Aspergillus fumigatus antigen in the nasal polyps
of patients with CRSwNP. The presence of Asp f 1 might explain the local
type 2 allergic reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus in CRSwNP.
Evidence for evolutionary adaptation of mixotrophic nanoflagellates to warmer temperatures
Authors: Lepori-Bui Michelle , Paight Christopher , Eberhard Ean , Mertz Conner , Moeller Holly
Published: January 2024

Mixotrophs, which combine photosynthesis and heterotrophy to gain
energy, play an important role global biogeochemical cycles. Metabolic
theory predicts that mixotrophs will become more heterotrophic with
rising temperatures, potentially creating a positive feedback loop that
accelerates carbon dioxide accumulation in the atmosphere. Studies
testing this theory have focused on phenotypically plastic (short-term)
thermal responses of mixotrophs. However, as small organisms with short
generation times and large population sizes, mixotrophs may rapidly
evolve in response to climate change. Here we present data from a 3-year
experiment quantifying the evolutionary response of two mixotrophic
nanoflagellates to temperature. We found evidence for adaptive evolution
(increasing growth rates) in the obligately mixotrophic strain, but not
in the facultative mixotroph, though all lineages evolved greater carbon
use efficiency. Generally, mixotrophs evolved reduced photosynthesis and
higher grazing with increased temperatures, suggesting that evolution
may act to exacerbate mixotrophs’ effects on global carbon cycling.
MANAGEMENT OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC INDUCED WEIGHT GAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE MENTAL DISORDERS AT A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Aboagye Grace Owusu , Mensah Josephine , Lamptey Daisy Naa Lamley , Kwakye Desmond , Anto Berko Panyin
Published: January 2024

Background: Antipsychotics are the mainstay in management of several
mental health disorders. Antipsychotic induced weight gain is a
predominant side effects seen in most patients. Objective: This
investigation evaluated the interventions employed in addressing
olanzapine induced weight gain in patients with severe mental disorders
receiving treatment in a tertiary psychiatric setting. Methods: A
retrospective observational study was conducted at Korle Bu Teaching
Hospital. Data was collected from medical records of patients initiated
on Olanzapine and reviewed using World Health Organization and American
Society of Health System Pharmacist guidelines on drug evaluation to
assess compliance with National Institute of Health and Clinical
Excellence and British Association of Psychopharmacology guidelines on
management of antipsychotic induced weight gain. Descriptive statistics
was used to analyse data. Results: A total of 188 patients participated
in the study. Less than half of the participants (n=57, 30.3%)
experienced significant weight gain from the use of olanzapine, and
interventions were recommended for 10 (18%) participants.
Non-pharmacological interventions and modification in pharmacotherapy
were initiated in 4 (40%) patients who received interventions.
Adjunctive therapy with metformin was initiated in 1 (10%) patient.
Cognitive behavioural therapy was not offered to any patient on account
of weight gain. Interventions were administered promptly in 5 (50%)
patients. Conclusion: Inadequate management of antipsychotic induced
weight gain was evident. A multidisciplinary approach must be employed
to ensure optimized management of antipsychotic induced weight gain.
Keywords: Antipsychotic, Weight gain, Olanzapine, Intervention, Mental
disorder
A novel technique for the production of methanol by an inorganic process -- A simulation study
Authors: Chakraborti Tamaghna , Ganguli Somenath
Published: January 2024

Inorganic routes for the production of methanol are not new and the same
procedure of converting carbon dioxide/carbon monoxide and hydrogen to
methanol is followed in this work as has been reported in literature
previously. The novelty of this work lies in the procurement process for
carbon dioxide and hydrogen whereby newer raw materials like limestone,
orthophosphoric acid metallic zinc and hydrochloric acid has been
utilized producing the carbon dioxide and hydrogen streams. Another
innovation is the separation of the reaction producing carbon monoxide
from carbon dioxide from the main methanol synthesis reaction scheme
where the two reactions are carried out in different chambers at two
different temperatures and pressures. The results of the simulation work
show that both the quantity and quality of the methanol produced is a
strong function of the temperature of the first reaction and the
temperature as well as the pressure of the second reaction.
Intraspecific evaluation of phenotypic variation of Caryopteris incana in western Kyushu, Japan
Authors: Ando Masaya , Taniguchi Akito , Kuwabara Kazuaki , Matsubara Kiyoshi , Kuronuma Takanori , Watanabe Hitoshi
Published: January 2024

Caryopteris incana, an endangered species distributed parts of western
Kyushu in Japan, is composed of clusters of individuals that can be
recognized as a population, and grow in a spatially isolated
environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic
variation of C. incana in western Kyushu and to clarify their
relationships with natural environment and geographical structure,
therefore, we investigated the growth survey using collected seeds under
the same cultivation conditions. As a result, it was confirmed that each
natural population showed various phenotypes in plant height, flower
color, etc., and each population was classified into five groups by
phenotype, showing the similar phenotype in each region. On the other
hand, since different phenotypic groups were shown in the same region,
it was inferred that each natural population acquired various phenotypes
by differentiating independently in various natural environments. In
addition, chloroplast DNA haplotypes differed between populations with
the same phenotype, suggesting that they should be conserved as separate
local populations to maintain genetic diversity. Similarly, because of
the low seed-dispersal ability and the ecology as a lithophyte, even if
haplotypes are common, when phenotypes differ between populations, they
should be conserved as finely divided as possible. These results suggest
that local populations and their ranges of high conservation priority
should be set not only among regions but also within regions, and prompt
actions should be taken.
SOLVING 0 - 1 KNAPSACK PROBLEM BASED ON HYBRID GREEDY FIREWORKS ALGORITHM
Authors: Qiuyue LI
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the classical knapsack problem in combinatorial optimization,
in order to improve the local search ability and global search ability
of the basic fireworks algorithm, an improved fireworks algorithm is
proposed by combining the basic fireworks algorithm, greedy optimization
strategy and simulated annealing algorithm. In order to ensure the
diversity of the initial population, the Tent mapping is proposed to
initialize the population ; greedy repair operator and greedy
optimization operator are introduced to correct the intermediate
solution ; at the same time, the simulated annealing mechanism is
introduced to make the poor solution have a certain probability to be
accepted to improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the
local optimum. By solving the typical test function, it is found that
the improved fireworks algorithm can accurately solve the theoretical
optimal solution of the Griewank function. Compared with the basic
fireworks algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm and particle swarm
optimization algorithm, the improved fireworks algorithm can find the
optimal value of Sphere function with higher accuracy. By solving six
groups of knapsack problems with different dimensions, it is found that
the improved fireworks algorithm can hit the optimal solution with 100
% probability for most test data, and hit the optimal solution with
more than 70 % probability for its test data, and the standard
deviation of hit times is less than 13. The experimental results show
that the improved fireworks algorithm has higher solving accuracy and
faster solving speed, and can effectively solve the 0-1 knapsack
problem.
The relationship between pulse pressure with plasma PCSK 9 and interleukin-6 among patients with acute ischemic stroke and dyslipidemia
Authors: Chang Chen-Shu , Kuo Chen-Ling , Huang Ching-Shan , Cheng Yu-Shan , Lin Song-Shei , Liu Chin-San
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: A high plasma concentration of proprotein
convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is characteristic of a
prothrombotic state in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Elevated
inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), are associated with
worse outcomes after ischemic stroke. We aimed to study the role of
plasma PCSK9 and IL-6 in acute ischemic stroke with dyslipidemia.
Methods: We divided 123 enrolled patients with first-ever acute ischemic
stroke into normotensive and high blood pressure (BP) groups and further
into high and low pulse pressure (PP) subgroups. Clinical
characteristics and inflammatory and metabolic parameters, including
plasma PCSK9 and IL-6, were recorded. Results: After the analysis of the
normotensive and BP groups, there were positive correlations between PP
and carotid stenosis (P = 0.031) and plaque numbers (P = 0.013) and
between National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (P =
0.019) and carotid stenosis severity (P = 0.021) and resistance index
(RI) (P = 0.04). There was a significant association between plasma
cholesterol and PCSK9 (P = 0.044) in the low PP subgroup and IL-6 (P =
0.042) in the high PP subgroup. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that
plasma PCSK9 levels were associated with the low PP subgroup, while IL-6
was associated with the high PP subgroup. Dyslipidemia control is also
necessary for those who had a stroke and who have high PP. Further
investigation to assess the role of PCSK9 and IL-6 in patients with
stroke is required for early treatment and secondary prevention.
Establishing combination PAC-1 and TRAIL regimens for treating ovarian cancer based on patient-specific pharmacokinetic profiles using in silico clinical trials
Authors: Cardinal Olivia , Burlot Chloé , Fu Yangxin , Crosley Powel , Hitt Mary , Craig Morgan , Jenner Adrianne
Published: January 2024

Ovarian cancer is commonly diagnosed in its late stages, and new
treatment modalities are needed to improve patient outcomes and
survival. We have recently established the synergistic effects of
combination tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
(TRAIL) and procaspase activating compound (PAC-1) therapies in
granulosa cell tumours (GCT) of the ovary, a rare form of ovarian
cancer, using a mathematical model of the effects of both drugs in a GCT
cell line. Here, to understand the mechanisms of combined TRAIL and
PAC-1 therapy, study the viability of this treatment strategy, and
accelerate preclinical translation, we leveraged our mathematical model
in combination with population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) models of both
TRAIL and PAC-1 to expand a realistic heterogeneous cohort of virtual
patients and optimize treatment schedules. Using this approach, we
investigated treatment responses in this virtual cohort and determined
optimal therapeutic schedules based on patient-specific pharmacokinetic
characteristics. Our results showed that schedules with high initial
doses of PAC-1 were required for therapeutic efficacy. Further analysis
of individualized regimens revealed two distinct groups of virtual
patients within our cohort: one with high PAC-1 elimination, and one
with normal PAC-1 elimination. In the high elimination group, high
weekly doses of both PAC-1 and TRAIL were necessary for therapeutic
efficacy, however virtual patients in this group were predicted to have
a worse prognosis when compared to those in the normal elimination
group. Thus, PAC-1 pharmacokinetic characteristics, particularly
clearance, can be used to identify patients most likely to respond to
combined PAC-1 and TRAIL therapy. This work underlines the importance of
quantitative approaches in preclinical oncology.
DNA barcoding indicates a recent Lessepsian introduction of Asparagopsis taxiformis (Rhodophyta(; a new genetic lineage first described for the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: nahor Omri , Luzzatto-Knaan Tal , Alvaro Israel
Published: January 2024

Asparagopsis taxiformis is a red marine macroalga (= seaweed)
(Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) with high invasive potential and thrives
worldwide. In the Mediterranean Sea, A. taxiformis was recorded before
the opening of Suez Canal and since then two different cryptic lineages,
named as L2 and L3, have been documented. As for the Israeli
Mediterranean Sea (IMS), in the last 20 years, A. taxiformis benthic
populations have seemingly expanded, with several large seasonal blooms
recorded in recent years. However, neither ecology nor molecular
substantial studies have been conducted. In this study, molecular
identification using three genetic markers (LSU, cox2-3 spacer, and
rbcL) was carried out on the overlooked IMS A. taxiformis revealing a
cryptic lineage first recorded for the Mediterranean Sea, the so-called
L4. Molecular comparative work of cox2-3 spacer indicates 100%
similarity to previously sequenced samples from Egypt Red Sea cryptic
linage L4. Further, IMS cox2-3 spacer differed from previously sequenced
samples from the Mediterranean Sea by 2.3% and 3.9%, compared to L3
and L2 Mediterranean populations, respectively. Our results indicate
that unlike former introductions of A. taxiformis into the Mediterranean
Sea, the newly introduced lineage clearly appears to fit Lessepsian
migration.
Application of nanotechnology in different aspects of the food industry
Authors: Mohammad Zahra H. , Ahmad Faizan , Ibrahim Salam , Zaidi Sadaf
Published: January 2024

Nanotechnology is a novel and promising technology that has been
introduced into many fields, including medicine, agriculture, and the
food industry. For the food industry, nanotechnology is of great
interest as an emerging technology in the area of food processing,
safety, and packaging. For example, nanotechnology can be used in food
processing to enhance the overall quality of food including, taste,
flavor, bioavailability, and can also help to extend product shelf life.
With regard to food safety, nanotechnology is utilized to detect
pathogens and toxins in food products and to strengthen barrier
properties. Additionally, nanotechnology is widely used in food
packaging as an antimicrobial and to produce intelligent packaging.
However, nanoparticles may have a potential toxicity risk to human
health. Therefore, establishing an adequate regulatory system to manage
the potential risks associated with nanotechnology applications is
recommended. This review covered nanotechnology in food safety and
packaging, classifications, and safety concerns.
‘Beyond the Bump’: development and evaluation of an online wellbeing and lifestyle pilot program during COVID-19 for first year postpartum mothers: a research article
Authors: Christie Hannah , Roach Lauren , Kennedy Meredith , Beetham Kassia , Meyer Barbara , Schoenaker Danielle , Francois Monique
Published: January 2024

Objective: To inform, develop and evaluate Beyond the Bump (BtB); an
online program to improve access to education and support physical
activity in the postpartum. Design, Setting and Population: Three-phase
mixed-methods design before, during and following a 10-week
Australia-wide online pilot program during COVID-19 with women in their
first year postpartum and health professionals. Methods: Phase-one:
needs assessment focus groups and interviews postpartum women and heatlh
professionals. Phase-two: program implementation pre-post health
measures survey, attendance and engagement in BtB. Phase-three: program
evaluation feedback surveys and interviews. Main Outcome Measures:
Identify postpartum educational support needs, barriers and enablers of
program attendance and physical activity. Mental health symptoms,
wellbeing health behaviours and physical activity levels. Results: Women
and health professsionals expressed strong need for a postpartum program
with access to expert education on exercise, pelvic floor, sleep and
baby nutrition. Despite BtB being developed from womens suggestions
(including time-of-day ‘morning’), attendance to all ten sessions was
poor (23% (n = 162) participated in first session and 5% in the last
session). Barriers to attendance included ‘too busy’,‘forgot’ and ‘topic
not relevant for age of child’. 88% of women reported education as the
most enjoyable part of the program. 100% of women interviewed would
recommend the program to a friend. Conclusions: There is a continuing
need for postpartum support. Online programs with access to expert
education and exercise were of significant interest and value. However,
more research is needed to improve the uptake and value placed on
mothers’ wellbeing and physical activity.
CsCuAOs associate with CsAMADH1 confer drought tolerance through putrescine-derived γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation in tea plants
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Duan Yu , Li Fang , Cao Yu , Chen Yiwen , Zou Zhongwei , Shen Qiang , FANG WANPING , ZHU XUJUN
Published: January 2024

Polyamines are potential source of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in plants
under abiotic stress. However, the correlation between polyamine
degradation and GABA accumulation in tea plants exposed to drought
stress is unclear. In the present study, the contents of GABA and
putrescine in tea leaves were increased significantly under drought
stress, but the glutamate level did not change. At the same time, five
copper-containing amine oxidase ( CuAO) and eight
aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase ( AMADH) genes involved in
putrescine-derived GABA pathway were identified from Tea Plant
Information Archive. Expression analysis indicated that CsCuAO1,
CsCuAO3, as well as CsAMADH1 were induced to play
important function in response to exogenous putrescine or under drought
stress. Thus, the three genes were cloned and their soluble recombinant
proteins were produced in Escherichia coli. The catalytic
efficiency, the pH and temperature optima of them were determined.
CsCuAOs and CsAMADH1 exhibited indispensable function in the GABA
production from putrescine in vitro. Subcellular localization
assays indicated that CsAMADH1 was localized in plastid, while both
CsCuAO1 and CsCuAO3 were localized in peroxisome. In addition, the
synergistic effects of CsCuAOs and CsAMADH1 were investigated by
transient co-expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana. The
overexpression of CsAMADH1 lines in Arabidopsis showed increased
GABA level supplemented with exogenous putrescine. Our data suggests
that these three genes participate the GABA production through
putrescine degradation in tea plants that associate with the response to
drought stress.
Removal of Organophosphorus pesticides from waste water on waste cellulosic matrice; Kinetic models approach
Authors: aksas hammouche
Published: January 2024

The objective of this work is therefore, to study the removal of three
organophosphate pesticides (diazinon, fenthion and malathion), by their
adsorption on waste cellulosic basic. The Waste cellulosic basic was
characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET and SEM techniques. The effects of
pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration, temperature and
ionic strength were evaluated and the removal efficiency of each
parameter was established. The objective of this work is therefore, to
study the removal of three organophosphate pesticides (diazinon,
fenthion and malathion), by their adsorption on waste cellulosic basic.
The Waste cellulosic basic was characterized using FTIR, XRD, BET and
SEM techniques. The effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial
concentration, temperature and ionic strength were evaluated and the
removal efficiency of each parameter was established. OUR WORK INVOLVES
ISOTHERMS AND A THERMODYNAMIC STUDY
Existence results on the higher order weighted Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative
Authors: Li chunshuo , Zhang Qing , Li Qiaoluan
Published: January 2024

We define the higher order weighted Caputo-Fabrizio fractional
derivative of Caputo sense, and study main properties of the higher
order weighted Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative and integral. In
addition, we establish existence of solutions for nonlinear equations
using Schaefer’s fixed point theorem,
$\alpha$-$\psi$-Contraction theorem,
ect. Finally, we test our obtained results through three examples.
Characterization on $\mathcal{I}$-lacunary statistical convergence over different sequence spaces
Authors: Savas Ekrem , Banerjee Mandobi , Mandal Manasi
Published: January 2024

In this article we elaborately study certain characteristics of the set
of all $\mathcal{I}$-lacunary statistical convergence
sequences over various sequence spaces. Earlier results of some authors
were mainly concerned regarding the closeness property of the sets: set
of all bounded statistically convergent sequences, set of all bounded
statistically convergent sequences of order $\alpha,$
set of all bounded $\mathcal{I}$-convergent sequences
over the space $\ell^\infty$
($\ell^\infty$- endowed with the
sup-norm). Our approach is to examine different behaviors of the set of
all $\mathcal{I}$-lacunary statistical convergence
sequences over different sequence spaces. Finally we are able to impose
some condition(s) over sequence spaces that turn the set of all
$\mathcal{I}$-lacunary statistical convergence
sequences to be a closed set.
A Systematic Review of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs for Patient with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts Surgery
Authors: Subih Maha , Alhadidi Majdi , Alrahahleh Mohammad , Eldien Altarabsheh Salah , Alfawaeer Zyad
Published: January 2024

Background and objectives: Cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) is a
multidisciplinary strategy to help cardiac patients override the
complications associated with cardiac disease. Patients following
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) face a critical complication that
may affect their health-related quality of life and physiological
outcomes, and these programs provide a better and faster recovery from
cardiac surgery within the first weeks after surgery. This study reviews
the impact of cardiac rehabilitation programs on the specific outcomes
among CABG patients. Methods: In this systematic review the PRISMA-2020
guideline was used. Assessment of quality of the chosen studies, using
the “Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trial (CONSORT)” and
Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomized Designs (TREND)
checklist. Eligible studies were finally included in the literature
review were 8 out of the 45 records identified, (from 2010-2021).
Results: The cardiac rehabilitation program showed a consistent
enhancement in health-related quality of life as a primary outcome and
in the physiological variables as a secondary outcome. This study of a
systematic review of experimental and non-experimental studies
highlights the positive impact of this type of program on health-related
quality of life and physiological variables of CABG patients.
Conclusion: The results have significant implications in nursing
research and practice, as the data offered can be used by the
stakeholders and administrators of health institutions to improve their
awareness of joining CRP in the routine care of CABG patients. KEYWORDS:
cardiac rehabilitation programs, experimental study, health-related
quality of life, physiological variables, systematic review.
Covid-19, pelvic health and women’s voices: a descriptive study
Authors: milner maire , Gamble Miriam , kinsella Carole barry
Published: January 2024

Objective: To examine how the pandemic affected women with pelvic
dysfunction. Design: A Survey Monkey™ questionnaire on how the pandemic
and Covid-19 infection affected women’s pelvic problems, exercise, and
weight. A free text box captured their comments. Setting: Online
questionnaire worldwide. Sample: Six hundred and forty-seven women.
Results: Bladder control 265 (41%), prolapse 240 (37%), pelvic pain 40
(6%), sexual dysfunction 27 (4%), faecal incontinence 19 (3%) and
other 56 (9%) were respondents’ main pelvic problems. Symptoms were
unchanged for 331 (51%), worse for 243 (38%), and improved for 60
(10%). Weight was gained by 290 (45%), unchanged by 243 (38%), and
lost by 114 (17%). Exercise levels were unchanged, worse, or better in
33%. Difficulty accessing medical appointments and date for surgery
were experienced by 235 (36.5%) and 38 (6%) women respectively.
Sixty-six (10.3%) women reported covid-19 infection: the distribution
of pelvic problems and changes through the pandemic, weight and exercise
patterns, and difficulty either getting a date for surgery or accessing
healthcare were similar to those not contracting infection. Sexual
dysfunction was the main new or worsening problem, featuring 13 women
(18%). Seventy women - 16 recently delivered, and 54 with a
pre-existing pelvic problem commented. Five core themes were identified.
Difficulty accessing healthcare review, mental health impact and
physiotherapy services especially affected delivered women, while
lifestyle alterations and conservative treatment tools were more
prominent in women with a pre-existing problem. Conclusions: The
pandemic left many women with pelvic dysfunction without services, and
this survey captures their suffering.
Second malignant neoplasms following treatment for hepatoblastoma: an international report and review of the literature
Authors: Trobaugh-Lotrario Angela , Watanabe Kenichiro , O'Neill Allison , Dembowska-Bagińska Bożenna , Haeberle Beate , Hiyama Eiso , Czauderna Piotr , Meyers Rebecka , Langham Max , Feusner James
Published: January 2024

Background: Treatment intensification has improved survival in patients
with hepatoblastoma (HB); however, these treatments are associated with
an increased risk of late effects including second malignant neoplasms
(SMNs). Data is limited regarding SMNs following HB treatment. Methods:
Cases of SMNs following treatment for HB reported in the literature and
from personal communication were analyzed to further assess this late
effect. Results: Thirty-eight patients were identified. Median age at
diagnosis of HB was 16 months (range: 3 to 168 months). All patients had
received a platinum agent, and almost all had anthracycline exposure. Of
12 patients with a known history of liver transplantation for primary
resection of their HB, the majority had post-transplant
lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) (n=7). The most common SMNs reported
were non-PTLD hematopoietic malignancies (n=19). Solid tumors were seen
in 12 patients: peripheral neuroectodermal tumor/Ewing sarcoma (3); and
one each for renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, colorectal carcinoma,
thyroid carcinoma, medulloblastoma, clear cell sarcoma-like tumor,
hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant schwannoma. Of 36
patients with data, nineteen survived. Conclusions: SMNs following HB
treatment were seen in patients with anthracycline (and cisplatin)
exposure, hereditary tumor predisposition syndromes, and/or history of
liver transplantation. Hematopoietic malignancies were the most common
SMN reported in this cohort and were diagnosed earlier than other SMNs.
Prospective collection of data via a companion late effects study or
international registry could be used to further evaluate rates and risks
of SMNs as well as tumor predisposition syndromes in patients treated
for HB.
Microcytic Anemia and a Delayed Need for Transfusion in a Case of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia with Concomitant Thalassemia
Authors: Liao Meiling , Guan Xianmin , Liu Haiyan , Qin Jiebin , Wen Xianhao
Published: January 2024

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital erythroid hypoplasia.
Classical anemia is a normochromic or macrocytic anemia with
reticulocytopenia. Patients with DBA are usually diagnosed and receive
transfusion in the first year. We report a patient who presented with
microcytic anemia and congenital malformations. The patient suffered a
sudden aggravation of disease during adolescence and received first
transfusion at 13 years of age. Exome sequencing eventually led to a
diagnosis of DBA with a mutated RPL5 gene. In conclusion, this case
demonstrates a confused manifestation of non-classical DBA and sudden
aggravation of disease in natural course of DBA.
Modelling the role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor in the regulation of metabolic key genes Lactate Dehydrogenase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase: Emergence of Warburg Phenotype.
Authors: SPINICCI Kévin , JACQUET Pierre , Powathil Gibin , STEPHANOU Angélique
Published: January 2024

Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF), the main actor in the cell response to
hypoxia, represents a potential target in cancer therapy. HIF is
involved in many biological processes such as cell proliferation,
survival, apoptosis, angiogenesis, iron metabolism and glucose
metabolism. This protein regulates the expressions of Lactate
Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH), both essential for
the conversion of pyruvate to be used in aerobic and anaerobic pathways.
HIF upregulates LDH, increasing the conversion of pyruvate into lactate
which leads to higher secretion of lactic acid by the cell and reduced
pH in the microenvironment. HIF indirectly downregulates PDH, decreasing
the conversion of pyruvate into Acetyl Coenzyme A which leads to reduced
usage of the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle in aerobic pathways.
Upregulation of HIF may promote the use of anaerobic pathways for energy
production even in normal extracellular oxygen conditions. Higher use of
glycolysis even in normal oxygen conditions is called the Warburg
effect. In this paper, we focus on HIF variations during tumour growth
and study, through a mathematical model, its impact on the two metabolic
key genes PDH and LDH, to investigate its role in the emergence of the
Warburg effect. Mathematical equations describing the enzymes regulation
pathways were solved for each cell of the tumour represented in an
agent-based model to best capture the spatio-temporal oxygen variations
during tumour development caused by cell consumption and reduced
diffusion inside the tumour. Simulation results show that reduced HIF
degradation in normoxia can induce higher lactic acid production. The
emergence of the Warburg effect appears after the first period of
hypoxia before oxygen conditions return to a normal level. The results
also show that targeting the upregulation of LDH and the downregulation
of PDH could be relevant in therapy.
Changes in Otolaryngology Application Requirements and Match Outcomes: Are We Doing Any Better?
Authors: Ravin Emma De , Frost Ariel , Godse Neal , Shaffer Amber , Jabbour Noel , Schaitkin Barry , Newman Jason , Mady Leila
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Over the last two decades, mean number of
otolaryngology applications-per-candidate has increased by 250%.
Otolaryngology-specific requirements were piloted to minimize applicant
and program burdens. We investigated the impact of introducing and then
removing these pre-match requirements on Match outcomes.
Methods: 2014–2021 National Resident Matching Program® (NRMP)
data was examined. Primary outcome was impact of otolaryngology resident
talent assessment (ORTA; conducted pre-match 2017, post-match 2019) and
program specific paragraph (PSP; implemented 2016, made optional 2018)
on applicant numbers and match rates. Secondary analysis of a survey
distributed to post-graduate year one and two (PGY-1/PGY-2)
otolaryngology residents assessed candidate perceptions.
Results: Applicant numbers declined significantly during
PSP/ORTA (18.9%,P=0.001). After changes to optional PSP and
post-match ORTA, applicant numbers increased significantly
(39.0%,P=0.002). Examined individually, mandatory PSP was
associated with a significant decline in applicants (P=0.007),
whereas post-match ORTA was associated with significant increases in
applicants (P=0.010). ORTA and PSP negatively impacted the
decision to apply into otolaryngology in 59.8% and 51.3% of
applicants, respectively. Conversely, match rate success improved
significantly from 74.8% to 91.2% during PSP/ORTA (P=0.014),
followed by significant decline to 73.1% after PSP was made optional
and ORTA moved to post-match (P=0.002). Conclusion: Both
the ORTA and PSP were associated with declines in applicant numbers and
increases in match rate success. The ORTA move to post-match
demonstrated the most impact on increasing candidate numbers. As
programs seek ways to remove barriers to applying into otolaryngology,
the potential consequences of an increasing pool of unmatched candidates
must also be considered.
Impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on primate ecology
Authors: Serdo Diriba
Published: January 2024

Human impacts are the major threat to health and well-being of forest
animals. Primates are particularly vulnerable to various anthropogenic
disturbances; therefore, in all taxa, they are threatened by various
human factors. This review summarizes anthropogenic factors such as
forest fragmentation, degradation, logging, direct human interactions,
and primate responses by reviewing the results presented in various
research papers. Humans are changing landscapes around the world through
overexploitation and consumption of natural resources. Behavior changes
in food composition and diversity, population density, group size, and
the adult gender relationship in groups are some examples. Habitat
fragmentation is a landscape-scale process in which continuous habitat
is broken down into small pieces scattered in a non-habitat matrix,
which can lead to the loss of many primate species. In general, human
invasion can result in habitat loss and fragmentation into various
fragments. In addition, primate fragment-scale responses can vary
significantly in landscapes of different habitats and composition. Study
on primate diversity in the African continent shows that primate species
have shown a classical species-area relationship, and of primate species
that may become extinct in the country due to deforestation. In this
review, I provide clear and consistent terminology to help future
studies precisely address the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on
primates and to help to form a body of literature where comparisons
among studies are possible.
DESCRIPTION OF ALLERGIC PHENOTYPE IN PATIENTS WITH EOSINOPHILIC OESOPHAGITIS.
Authors: Witek Joan Domenech , Mendiola Rosario González , Jover Vicente , González Javier Pereira , Carballas Clara , Villas Felícitas , Pacheco Ramon Rodriguez
Published: January 2024

Background: We believe there is a profile of patient with
eosinophilic oesophagitis and atopic background, marked by the existence
of IgE-mediated sensitizations to environmental and food allergens. We
suspect that the prevalence of sensitization to panallergens will be
high and this will probably be relevant in terms of the onset and
clinical course of the disease. Our aim is to report the observed
sensitivities to environmental and food allergens in patients with
eosinophilic oesophagitis with atopic background as well as
characterizing other markers or analytical parameters in these patients.
Methods: We collated clinical and analytical data from 160
adult patients with a reported diagnosis of eosinophilic oesophagitis.
These patients were studied between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020.
During an initial visit skin tests were performed with full batteries of
routine aero-allergens and foodstuffs. Patients were subsequently
referred for blood test and determination of CAP, blood count and total
IgE (in all cases), as well as eosinophilic cation protein and
IMMUNOISAC in the centres in which this was available. Results:
We were able to detect a broad spectrum of sensitizations to
environmental, foodstuffs and panallergens. The most common allergic
disease was rhinoconjuntivitis. The sensitizations observed to
foodstuffs were atypical for the adult population and were not
responsible for manifestations compatible with immediate allergy. An
important percentage of patients presented seasonal worsening of choking
symptoms. Conclusions: We should be able to identify patients
with eosinophilic oesophagitis and atopic background. Identifying this
phenomenon would enable giving dietary and environmental recommendations
as well as more specific and effective treatments to our patients.
An Isolated Anterior Mitral Leaflet Cleft: Two Case Reports
Authors: Parsova Kemal Emrecan , Yuksel Gizem , Karpuzoglu Osman Eren , keles Nursen
Published: January 2024

The isolated anterior mitral leaflet cleft (AMLC) is a very rare
anomaly. Echocardiographic imaging is the mainstay diagnostic tool. The
isolated AMLC is a surgically correctable anomaly. Valve repair should
be preferred over valve replacement in suitable patients.
Differential metabolomic pathway analysis in Malaysian childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with high dose methotrexate.
Authors: Razali Rizal Husaini , Teh Lay Kek , Salleh Mohd Zaki , Ibrahim Hishamshah Mohd , TEH KOK
Published: January 2024

Background: Methotrexate is the mainstay of the consolidation and
maintenance phase of chemotherapy protocol for childhood ALL. The
objective of this study was to investigate the changes of the metabolism
pathways associated with MTX treatment among the patients. Methods: Two
serum samples (pre- and post-) were collected from each of the 38
children with ALL: (i) once the diagnosis was confirmed (pre-MTX) and
(ii) after the first high dose of MTX (post-MTX). The samples were
analysed using HPLC/MS-QTOF. Data acquisition was performed using
Agilent MassHunterTMB.05.00 software for metabolomics analysis.
Differential expressions of metabolites were analyzed using univariate
Welch’s t-test unequal variance. Compounds were identified using METLIN
Database. Pathways and networks analyses were performed using
Metaboanalyst. The data set was analysed using Receiving Operator
Characteristic (ROC) curve. The identities of compounds that were found
to be significant in statistical analysis were reconfirmed by HPLC/
MSMS- QTOF. Results: Metabolites with AUC between 0.7 and 0.9 were
xanthine (0.889), oxoglutaric acid (0.770) and alpha-linolenic acid
(0.741). The lower expression of xanthine was correlated with a good
response to MTX in children with ALL; corresponding to a test
sensitivity and specificity of 0.77 and 0.87, respectively.
Interestingly, this metabolite had the highest AUC value of 0.889 (95%
CI; 0.84 – 0.92) and purine metabolism was the most significant pathway
altered in the patients treated with xanthine (p-value of 1.26E-35).
Conclusion: Xanthine was inversely correlated with the patients’
responses to MTX in childhood ALL. However, the clinical validity of
xanthine requires further analysis.