bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY ON THE ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER ABSORBED BY FOUR KINDS OF TREES IN VOLCANIC LAVA PLATFORM
Authors: Чэн Л.
Published: February 2022

В данной исследовательской работе в качестве объектов исследования выбраны четыре вида дерева – монгольский дуб, береза, осина и лиственница, которые являются основными репрезентативными растениями лесной растительности на вулканическом лавовом плато нового периода в живописной местности Удалянчи; изучается характеристика удержания атмосферных твердных частиц TSP, PM10, PM2.5. Результаты показали, что среди изучаемых деревьев монгольский дуб имеет самую мощную способность по удержанию TSP, PM10 и PM2.5, осина – самую слабую способность по удержанию TSP и PM2.5, а лиственница – самую слабую способность по удержанию PM10. Однофакторный дисперсионный анализ показал, что по статистике Левена с постепенным уменьшением размера атмосферных твердых частиц четыре дерева проявляют гомогенность дисперсии, в области удержания количества PM2.5, но существует заметная разница между монгольским дубом с лиственницей и березой с осиной.

Quercus mongolica, Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana and Larix gmelinii, which are the most important representative plants of forest vegetation in the volcanic lava platform of Wudalianchi scenic spot, were selected as the research objects. The absorption of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 per unit leaf area of four trees was studied. The results showed that Quercus mongolica had the highest amounts of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 among different trees, Populus davidiana had the smallest amount of TSP, PM2.5 and Larix gmelinii had the smallest amount of PM10. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that with the gradual decrease of atmospheric particle size, the absorption of PM2.5 per unit leaf area of four kinds of trees was homogeneous under Levene statistics, and there were significant differences among Quercus mongolica, Larix gmelinii and Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana.
COMPARATIVE RATING OF INDUSTRY LEADERS AIC OF RUSSIA IN 2019 AND 2020
Authors: Лесовская М.И. , Донцова Л.В. , Овчинникова О.О.
Published: February 2022

В статье обобщены результаты аналитических материалов информационных агентств и порталов. Рассмотрены наиболее успешные представители различных отраслей агропромышленного комплекса РФ за два последние года. Актуальность темы определяется особенностями рассматриваемого периода в связи с возникновением форсмажорных факторов риска, в первую очередь пандемической ситуации, сопутствующее осложнение экономических условий деятельности предприятий и оценка имеющегося у них лидерского потенциала. Целью работы являлось обобщение информационных материалов по отраслевым лидерам АПК, представленным в рейтинговых обзорах наиболее авторитетных информационно-аналитических агентств. В результате проведённой работы показано, что в период с 2019 года по 2020 год изменились лидеры отрасли. Выявлены особенности предприятий, способных занимать ведущие позиции несмотря на неблагоприятный социально-экономический фон. На основании анализа современных тенденций выявлены выделить основные направления развития, которые необходимо учитывать компаниям, нацеленным на высокие позиции в рейтинге агропромышленных предприятий в условиях труднопрогнозируемых рисков.

The article summarizes the results of analytical materials that have been prepared by news agencies and portals. The most successful actors from various branches of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation over the last two years are considered. This topic is hight actual because the current period has important social and economic characteristics. New risk factors have emerged, primarily a pandemic situation. These factors complicate the economic conditions for the activities of enterprises, at the same time, they allow one to assess their leadership potential. The aim of the work was to summarize information materials on the industry leaders of the agro-industrial complex, using the reviews of the most authoritative information and analytical agencies. It is shown that the leaders of the industry have changed in the period from 2019 to 2020. The features of enterprises capable of occupying leading positions in spite of the unfavorable social and economic background are revealed. The main directions of companies development was detected to be taken into account by companies aiming at high rating positions in conditions of risks which are difficult to predict.
ESTIMATION OF THE RATE OF RETREAT OF THE COAST OF THE SOUTHWESTERN CRIMEA BY REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Новиков А.А. , Игнатов Е.И. , Каширина Е.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены результаты оценки скорости отступания берегов Юго-Западного Крыма по данным дистанционного зондирования Земли. Побережье разделено на 12 участков, объединенных в 5 типов.

The paper presents the results of assessing the rate of retreat of the shores of the Southwestern Crimea based on remote sensing data. The coast is divided into 12 sections and 5 types.
SYNTHESIS OF THE MANEUVER TARGET ACCELERATION DETERMINES ALGORITHM
Authors: Нгуен В.Б. , Данг К.Вy. , Тринь К.Ф. , Нгуен Н.Т.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены результаты синтеза алгоритма для определения ускорения движующей цели. Цель состоит в том, что реализовать законы поведения, применимые к современным самонаводящимся ракетам для поражения маневренных и сверхманевренных целей. Алгоритм имеет высокую сходимость, стабильность и небольшую погрешность. Эффективность алгоритма проверена моделированием для того, чтобы получить надежные результаты.

The paper presents the results of synthesizing the maneuver target acceleration determines algorithm. The aim is to realize the guidance laws, applicable to modern self-guided missiles, for the destruction of maneuver and super-maneuverable targets. Simple algorithm, high convergence, sustainable and small error. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been verified through simulation and reliable results.
О КОНЦЕПТЕ «ПРИРОДА» В РУССКИХ ОБИХОДНЫХ НАЗВАНИЯХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ
Authors: Чжан Лю. , Чжао С.
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена анализу концепта «природа», изложенный в русских обиходных названиях болезней. В работе рассмотрен термин концепт, отражающий русское мировозрение к природе, описаны русские обиходные названия болезней, связанные с природой.
Enhancing optical force on mutilayered dielectric nanoparticles: Tuning material properties and nature of excitation
Authors: Yadav Sumit , Devi Anita , De Arijit
Published: February 2022

Using dipole approximation, a comparative study of trapping force/potential on different types of dielectric nanoparticles is presented. The trapping force for multilayered nanoparticles, i.e. core-shell-shell type nanoparticles, is found to be enhanced compared with both core-only type and core-shell type nanoparticles. It is shown that an appropriate choice of material and thickness of the middle layer results in tuning the polarizability, thereby playing a vital role in determining the trapping efficiency for core-shell-shell type nanoparticles. Further, the effect of optical nonlinearity under femtosecond pulsed excitation is investigated and it is elucidated that depending on the specific need, the nature of excitation (i.e. pulsed excitation or continuous-wave excitation) can be judiciously chosen. These findings are promised to open up new prospects for controlled nanoscale optical trapping and manipulation across different fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Enhanced optical force on mutilayered dielectric nanoparticles: Tuning material properties and nature of excitation
Authors: Yadav Sumit , Devi Anita , De Arijit
Published: February 2022

Using dipole approximation, a comparative study of trapping force/potential on different types of dielectric nanoparticles is presented. The trapping force for multilayered nanoparticles, i.e. core-shell-shell type nanoparticles, is found to be enhanced compared with both core-only type and core-shell type nanoparticles. It is shown that an appropriate choice of material and thickness of the middle layer results in tuning the polarizability, thereby playing a vital role in determining the trapping efficiency for core-shell-shell type nanoparticles. Further, the effect of optical nonlinearity under femtosecond pulsed excitation is investigated and it is elucidated that depending on the specific need, the nature of excitation (i.e. pulsed excitation or continuous-wave excitation) can be judiciously chosen. These findings are promised to open up new prospects for controlled nanoscale optical trapping and manipulation across different fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
PHILOSOPHY AND LITERATURE: TWO TYPES OF SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS OF HUMANITY (ARTICLE 2)
Authors: Ильин Виктор Васильевич , Хайруллин Аскар Гафиятуллович , Хайруллин Булат Аскарович , Шаура Елена Константиновна
Published: February 2022

Философию и эпические формы литературы единит миссия - «человечность» освоения гуманитарных сюжетов, но различает «орудие» тематизации судьбы человечности. Философия преодолевает предметную детализацию мысли, вырывается из стесняющих обстоятельственных границ, расторгает условность жизненного материала, не налагает на себя поведенческих уз. Преодолевает она и каноны жанровых систем, композиционных конструкций, тенденции стилевого самовыражения. В отличие от литературы, философия добивается универсальности трактовок универсальных возможностей, данных не в образах, а в идеях, не в сценах, а в отвлечениях.

Philosophy and epic forms of literature are united by the mission of expressing the human dimension of the world. However, they are distinguished by the «tools» of thematization of the human destiny. Philosophy overcomes the details of thought, breaks out of the constraining circumstantial boundaries, overcomes the conventionality of life material, does not impose behavioral bonds on itself. It also overpasses the canons of genre systems, compositional structures, and trends in stylistic self-expression. Unlike literature, philosophy seeks universality of interpretations of universal possibilities given not in images, but in ideas, not in scenes, but in conceptual constructions.
P.N. MILYUKOV'S FOREIGN TRIPS: FROM APPRENTICESHIP TO SCIENTIFIC DIALOGUE
Authors: Михайлова Елена Евгеньевна
Published: February 2022

Заграничные поездки русского историка-позитивиста и общественного деятеля рубежа XIX-XX вв. П.Н. Милюкова рассмотрены как способ самопознания, накопления информации и обретения умений вести научный диалог. Мотивация заграничных поездок русского ученого представлена во временной динамике: от ученичества и первых впечатлений - через понимание важности диалога разнородных культур - к практическим шагам научного сотрудничества. Период с 1881 г. по 1899 г. можно с большим основанием назвать временем «ученичества» Милюкова.

The foreign trips of the Russian positivist historian and public figure at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries P.N. Milyukov are considered as a way of self-knowledge, accumulation of information and acquisition of skills of conducting scientific dialogue. The motivation of the Russian scholar's foreign trips is presented in time dynamics: from apprenticeship and first impressions - through understanding the importance of dialogue between different cultures - to practical steps in scientific cooperation. The period from 1881 to 1899 can be called with great reason the time of Milyukov's «apprenticeship».
LEV SHESTOV’S PHILOSOPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF INTELLRCTUAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Буланов Владимир Владимирович
Published: February 2022

Автор статьи утверждает, что есть две причины, по которым можно считать, что философия Льва Шестова актуальна в контексте современного интеллектуального дискурса. Первая причина - это созвучность иррационализма философии Шестова постмодернизму. Вторая причина - это выдвижение Шестовым убедительной альтернативы бегству от страха смерти.

The author of the article argues that there are two reasons why Lev Shestov's philosophy can be considered relevant in the context of contemporary intellectual discourse. The first reason is the consonance of the irrationalism of Shestov's philosophy with postmodernism. The second one is Shestov's nomination of a convincing alternative to escape from the fear of death.
OPTIMIZATION OF ETHYLENE PLANT FRACTIONATION PROCESS
Authors: Krishnadevarajan Karthik
Published: February 2022

Research and Study of Ethylene Plant Fractionation Process
E-Tilang Web Based Application for Merangin District Traffic Riders
Authors: Pratiwi Regina Gita , Widiyanto Max Teja Ajie Cipta
Published: February 2022

The development of the e-ticketing application starts from planning is identifying problems, the system running, user needs to designing the uml, database and GUI. Up to the coding stage and the application named Electronic Ticketing Application (E-Tilang) Against Traffic Offenders in Merangin Regency is web-based. The application focuses on recording tickets and the results of recording tickets that can be seen on the web. The system created by the author can simplify the process of counting and processing of numbers, both for the Kasatlanas party and the public in seeing the results of the selection trial because all activities are carried out online and the data is recorded in real time in the database
Eksistensi Tari Tradisional Megoak-Goakan sebagai Etnisitas Budaya di Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Sustiawati Ni Luh , Cerita I Nyoman , Suryatini Ni Ketut
Published: February 2022

Tari tradisional Magoak-goakan merupakan refleksi budaya lokal kabupaten Buleleng yang sarat dan kuat dengan nilai-nilai etika, estetika, dan logika. Sebagai representasi etnisitas budaya, tarian ini merupakan warisan leluhur masyarakat Bali Utara dan telah menjadi khasanah budaya Bali yang adiluhung. Tari ini terinspirasi dari permainan tradisional Magoak-goakan yang dicetuskan oleh Raja Buleleng Ki Barak Panji Sakti pada tahun 1660 M di desa Panji, kecamatan Sukasada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan keberadaan tari tradisional Magoak-goakan. Penelitian ini berpendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan datanya digunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa eksistensi tari tradisional Magoak-goakan memiliki peranan penting dalam kehidupan sosiokultural masyarakat Buleleng sehingga perlu dilestarikan dan dikembangkan berdasarkan entitas dan kualitas serta kaedah-kaedah yang dimiliki. Peran penting lainnya sebagai sumber pembelajaran seni budaya di sekolah, khususnya pada kompetensi mengapresiasi dan mengekspresikan seni tradisi.Kata kunci: eksistensi, tari megoak-goakan, suku, dan budaya
Leverage dan Market Share sebagai Faktor Penentu Posisi Persaingan Pasar Perusahaan Manufaktur di Indonesia
Authors: Sari Juwita , Komalasari Puput Tri
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the simultaneous relationship between leverage and market share as a determinant of market competition for manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The model used in this study is the TSLS (Two Stage Least Square) and testing with OLS (Ordinary Least Square), the testing tool used is SPSS. The object of research used in this study is a Manufacturing Company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015-2020 with a total of 122 companies that have fit with criteria for the research sample. The results of the study show that the two endogenous variables: leverage and market share, have a significant positive correlation with each other, which means that there is a simultaneous relationship between leverage policy and market share as an indicator of the competitive position of the product market.
COVID-19 mortality, excess mortality, deaths per million and infection fatality ratio, Belgium, 9 March 2020 to 28 June 2020
Authors: Molenberghs Geert , Faes Christel , Verbeeck Johan , Deboosere Patrick , Abrams Steven , Willem Lander , Aerts Jan , Theeten Heidi , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Bustos Sierra Natalia , Renard Françoise , Herzog Sereina , Lusyne Patrick , Van der Heyden Johan , Van Oyen Herman , Van Damme Pierre , Hens Niel
Published: February 2022

Background

COVID-19 mortality, excess mortality, deaths per million population (DPM), infection fatality ratio (IFR) and case fatality ratio (CFR) are reported and compared for many countries globally. These measures may appear objective, however, they should be interpreted with caution.

Aim

We examined reported COVID-19-related mortality in Belgium from 9 March 2020 to 28 June 2020, placing it against the background of excess mortality and compared the DPM and IFR between countries and within subgroups.

Methods

The relation between COVID-19-related mortality and excess mortality was evaluated by comparing COVID-19 mortality and the difference between observed and weekly average predictions of all-cause mortality. DPM were evaluated using demographic data of the Belgian population. The number of infections was estimated by a stochastic compartmental model. The IFR was estimated using a delay distribution between infection and death.

Results

In the study period, 9,621 COVID-19-related deaths were reported, which is close to the excess mortality estimated using weekly averages (8,985 deaths). This translates to 837 DPM and an IFR of 1.5% in the general population. Both DPM and IFR increase with age and are substantially larger in the nursing home population.

Discussion

During the first pandemic wave, Belgium had no discrepancy between COVID-19-related mortality and excess mortality. In light of this close agreement, it is useful to consider the DPM and IFR, which are both age, sex, and nursing home population-dependent. Comparison of COVID-19 mortality between countries should rather be based on excess mortality than on COVID-19-related mortality.
Risk reduction of severe outcomes in vaccinated COVID-19 cases: an analysis of surveillance data from Estonia, Ireland, Luxembourg and Slovakia, January to November 2021
Authors: Marrone Gaetano , Nicolay Nathalie , Bundle Nick , Karki Tommi , Spiteri Gianfranco , Suija Heleene , Kärblane Kerstin-Gertrud , Mossong Joël , Vergison Anne , Avdicova Maria , Mecochova Adriana , Cullen Gillian , O’Lorcain Piaras , Celentano Lucia Pastore , Derrough Tarik , Beauté Julien
Published: February 2022

Despite high COVID-19 vaccine coverage in the EU/EEA, there are increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalisations in vaccinated individuals. Using surveillance data from Estonia, Ireland, Luxembourg and Slovakia (January–November 2021), we estimated risk reduction of severe outcomes in vaccinated cases. Increasing age remains the most important driver of severity, and vaccination significantly reduces risk in all ages for hospitalisation (adjusted relative risk (aRR): 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.26–0.39) and death (aRR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.13–0.29).
Site characterization for a study on shallow geothermal energy exploitation in Southern Brazil
Authors: Tonus Bianca , Lautenschläger Carlos , Visintin Amanda , Faro Vítor , Tsuha Cristina
Published: February 2022

The energy crisis scenario currently going on in Brazil, along with the need to reduce greenhouse emissions, lead to an urgent need to design buildings with greater energy efficiency. Shallow geothermal energy surges as a sustainable alternative to reduce the electricity consumption in buildings related to air conditioning and water heating systems. In Brazil, the use of this technique is still incipient due to the lack of studies that demonstrate its viability in the country’s climatic conditions, as well as underground temperature and demand for acclimatization of buildings. The aim of the current work is to present a site characterization for the first geothermal energy investigation carried out in the Brazilian South region. This study is being conducted at the Geotechnical Experimental Site of the State University of Ponta Grossa, and this paper describes the physical, mineralogical, thermal and mechanical characteristics of this site, which comprises a thick layer of a lateritic sandy clay soil over a silty sand layer. The preliminary results of the ground temperatures are consistent with the common trends reported in the literature, showing more expressive oscillations near the ground surface, and becoming approximately constant at higher depths.
Plan de canales de distribución y empaque
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Viscarra Armijos Charles Paul , Camacho Arellano Wilter Rodolfo ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Moyano Aguay Mónica Fernanda ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Murillo Verdezoto Norma Elizabeth ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar
Published: February 2022

La importancia de la distribución física para la Cervecería Nacional del Ecuador S.A. radica en el hecho de que gracias a ella es posible implementar los recursos necesarios para satisfacer al cliente y al mismo tiempo generar rentabilidad en la empresa, en este sentido se comprende como elemento esencial a la logística ya que ella hace posible incrementar la eficiencia de la organización además de regular todas sus estructuras.
Совместимость социально-экономических систем: основы теории совместимости
Authors:   Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Морозов Владимир Александрович
Published: February 2022

Книга посвящена формированию основ теории совместимости – мегатерии, формирующей и направляющей развитие познания в науке, различных ее областях и тенденциях жизнедеятельности общества. Вместе с определением принципов и критериев совместимости лапидарно исследованы закономерности, классификации и подходы к ее изучению. Основное место в книге занимает изучение вопроса о целостности развития тандема «человек – общество». Исследованы процессы совместимости среды развития общества посредством изучения взаимодействия подсистем человека, организации и групп общественных институтов – мезоуровней совместимости, объединяющих человечество в многоуровневую динамическую структуру. Разработан метод совместимости человеческих потребностей и общественных ценностей. Сформированы состав и иерархия институциональных подсистем (сфер) общества. Составлена и обоснована модель совмести- мости общества с математическим аппаратом его саморазвития. Рекомендовано широкому кругу читателей, специалистов в экономике, социологии, политологии, теологии, культурологии и бизнесе, а также для лю- задающих извечный вопрос: «А как происходит взаимодействие… чего-либо?».
Changes in the process used to critique articles based on Psychophysiologically Based Research Studies
Authors: Sherman Richard A.
Published: February 2022

Large numbers of audits have shown that we are inundated with faked studies, poorly done studies, improperly massaged data, sales pitches, etc. Few of the major studies can be replicated, and many journals still refuse to publish replications – especially if they don't support the original study's results. Thus, the way we need to critique studies has shifted from a relatively straightforward evaluation of the study to a detective process, including evaluating the author(s) and the journal in which the study appeared.

This set of criteria is only applicable to research studies using human or non-human subjects. Studies appropriate for applying the following criteria can be from any area within psychophysiology, including clinical, sports, education, military, etc. It is not for theoretical articles, thinly veiled sales pitches, etc. The critique process is active and generally involves more than reading an article then accepting its conclusions at face value: The person critiquing a research article needs to gain some perspective on the area the article discusses, the authors' qualifications and experience (are they sales folk selling something, etc.), the literature the authors included in their review as opposed to what is published, etc. It is also likely that the critiquer will be checking the statistics and other crucial portions of the article by using statistical software.
Association between satisfaction with life and caregiver burden, among psychiatric patients
Authors: Emad Farkhanda , Ali Saima Masoom , Ishaque Farhan , Mirza Aftab Ahmed , Khalid Hayatullah , Ansari Abid Kamal
Published: February 2022

Background: People who are dealing with psychological disorders are not able to take care of themselves; therefore, their family has to take care of them. While dealing with psychological issues is itself difficult for their family members. Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder are psychological severe disorder that has a considerable influence not only in the patient but also for the entire family. This study aims to determine a relationship between life satisfaction and caregiver burden among caregivers of patients suffering from psychiatric illness.

Methodology: We started the research after approval from the board of study and prior consent from the psychiatric hospitals' higher authorities and rehabilitation centers in Karachi. The authorities demonstrated the research objectives, the consent letter, and the questionnaire to be filled by the researcher.  Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBIS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Pavot & Diener) were used. The sample size of this study was 170 psychiatric patients. Psychiatric patients were divided into schizophrenia disorder (n=85) and bipolar disorder (n=85).

Results: The result indicates that the caregiver burden is the predictor of satisfaction with life in patients with bipolar disorders. It also shows in results that there was a significant difference among the different levels of the duration of illness on the variable of caregiver burden scale and satisfaction life scale among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Further, findings indicate significant differences between males' and females' caregivers of psychiatric patients on the variable of caregiver burden and satisfaction with life scale.

Conclusion: We concluded that caregiver burden significantly affects the mental health of the caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders. Also, caregivers of people who are mentally ill patients suffer a lot of burdens. Therefore, interventions that can assist them, such as providing them with a support system and counselling services, must be created.
Assessing the beliefs about antidepressant medication and adherence to therapy in patients with major depressive disorders
Authors: Khan Samia Perwaiz , Naqvi Shagufta , Rizwan Rabeea , Ansari Mariam , Emad Shaista , Khan Habib ur Rahman , Akhtar Aafia , Syed Maniya , Ehsan Naija , Moorad Anas
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients on antidepressant therapy have no contact with their physicians until their next appointment, which in most cases could be more than two weeks apart. This crucial time is of utmost importance as this could assess the patient's will to follow the prescribed therapy and the general belief about the benefits of using antidepressant treatment. Thus medication adherence is necessary to reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies and mortality in these patients. The study aimed to evaluate medication adherence and adherence to antidepressant therapy in patients with major depressive disorder.

Methodology: in this cross-sectional study, a total of 101 clinically diagnosed patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were included in the study from psychiatric and medical OPD from June 2018 to June 2019, from Jinnah Medical College Hospital (JMCH). Belief about medicines questionnaire (BMQ specific and BMQ general), regarding their views about the prescribed medication and the modified questionnaire of the medication adherence scale used, scores were calculated to give a numerical value to measure the adherence to antidepressant medication.

Results: According to the study, 101 patients with major depressive disorder had an overall good belief about medication but have low adherence.   Belief about medicines questionnaire (based on BMQ) BMQ- the specific q1-10 score was 36.54 (necessity, concern), BMQ-general 27.98 score, q11-18 (overuse and harm). Regarding their views about the prescribed medication.  86% of participants with the major depressive disorder had low adherence (scores 0-5), and those with high adherence were only 14% (scores 6-8). The patients diagnosed with the major depressive disorder who had co-morbid (diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism, etc.) had better adherence for their prescribed treatment as compared to those without co-morbid.

Conclusion: This study indicates that although patients with major depressive disorder from tertiary care hospitals in Karachi had a positive belief about medication but have low adherence to antidepressant therapy.
Assessment of Cortisol, Brain-Derived Neurotropic factor, C - reactive protein, Interleukin-6 levels and cognitive decline after trauma exposure
Authors: Noushad Shamoon , Sajid Ujala , Ahmed Sadaf , Ansari Basit
Published: February 2022

Background: Studies have found that multiple neurobiological mechanisms are underlying the cause of Posttraumatic stress that influence the nervous and immune system leading to neurodegenerative and psychiatric comorbidities. The present study aims to assess and evaluate the serum Cortisol, C - reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) levels and cognitive decline among subjects with trauma exposure and to determine the relationship between the above-specified stress biomarkers.

Methodology: Two groups with trauma exposure (including natural disaster, any accident, physical and/or verbal violence, or any stressful condition) in the last twelve months were recruited. Groups were majorly divided based on TSC-40 (Trauma Symptom Checklist - 40) scores. Subjects with a TSC score > 40 were kept in the traumatized group, while those with TSC score < 40 were included in the control group. A total of 188 subjects above the age of 18 were recruited following inclusion criteria, cognition was measured using the Six-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT), and serum samples were obtained for cortisol, CRP, BDNF, and IL-6 levels.

Results: There was a significant difference in the serum BDNF (P<0.001) level among the traumatized subjects, i.e. 15.68 ± 3.55 ng/dl as compared to controls 26.65 ± 2.47 ng/dl; no significant difference was found in CRP levels (ns) in both groups with a slight increase among the traumatized subjects as compared to the controls, i.e. 4.29 ± 1.50 mg/dl vs. 3.42 ± 1.11 mg/dl. As indicated by the 6-CIT score, the cognitive decline was more pronounced among the traumatized subjects, i.e. 8.54 ± 2.13 compared to the control group 5.0 ± 1.81, with a significant positive difference (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The finding suggests that traumatic stress is associated with Cognitive decline, BDNF and cortisol, whereas a non-significant association was found with IL-6 and CRP levels.
A Proposed Study Using Psychophysiological Biomarkers to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Cat-Cow Yoga Exercise to Reduce Chronic Musculoskeletal Low Back Pain
Authors: Batool Syeda Farah , Noushad Shamoon , Ahmed Sadaf
Published: February 2022

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a painful condition of the musculoskeletal system that affects the quality of life and causes disabilities that can cease or limit daily life activities. Around 85% of the population has encountered LBP at least once in their lives. Due to sustained or improper postures, the incidence rate of LBP is reportedly high amongst healthcare providers worldwide. The treatments to manage LBP are generally some Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which only give short-term relief and are seemingly ineffective after a particular time, so higher doses are needed. This study aims to test the Cat-Cow yoga posture to manage LBP in longer terms.

Methodology: It will be a uni-center randomized control trial, and the participants with musculoskeletal low back pain will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 will receive the intervention, cat-cow yoga sessions, and Group 2 will get the general care guide. Altered levels of cortisol, substance P and beta-endorphins will be measured and compared at baseline and after completion of 12 weeks.

Discussion: A practical and cost-friendly intervention that can help Back pain sufferers to reduce their pain. This study will determine the efficacy of a useful and cost-effective yoga technique to overcome the psychophysiological manifestations of musculoskeletal CLBP.
Propuesta educativa metodológica aplicada a través del comics por una construcción de paz
Authors: Albor-Chadid Lourdes
Published: February 2022

Las comunidades académicas escolares nacionales e internacionales son conscientes de las problemáticas psicosociales por las que afrontan las escuelas diariamente. Por tanto la necesidad de generar planes y programas educativos, pedagógicos creativos e innovadores que sean atractivos a los estudiantes para de esta manera fortalecer nuevos aprendizajes en competencias que faciliten las buenas relaciones interpersonales y las disminuciones de los conflictos. El estudio es resultado de una aplicación de investigación aplicada que tuvo como objetivo construir representaciones dialógicas a través del comic como medio pedagógico para promover las construcciones de paz en los contextos escolares. El estudio se basó en un diseño fenomenológico  de tipo cualitativo, que describe el significado de las experiencias vividas por varios individuos acerca de un fenómeno con fines de concientizarse de sus propios problemas sociales y de resolverlos. La población participante fueron 30 niños y niñas de la Institución Educativa “San José” de la ciudad de Barranquilla-Colombia. En los resultados se observó a los participantes en su libre naturalidad ejerciendo un rol mediador, la diversidad de gustos y formas de comprender el conflicto. Los niños a través del dialogo, debatieron acerca de sus historietas y como cada quien aportada a la solución del conflicto. Como conclusiones esta propuesta de cultura de paz con aplicación pedagógica creativa del comic, le apuesta a la educación para la paz, cultura de paz para ayudar a construir valores mediante acciones humanas que permita la involucración y participación de  los niños y niñas para fortalecerlos en valores.
FOREIGN INFLOWS, TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM A NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY
Authors: Ravinder  , Poonam  , Pal Saini Vijender
Published: February 2022

The current paper analysis the underlying relations between Foreign Influx, Trade and Economic Growth in case of Turkey over the period 1970-2019. The novel technique of ARDL is applied to investigate the presence of a long- and short-run relationship amongst foreign inflows, Trade and Economic Growth. The findings revealed the existence of cointegrating relationship among the variables. Further, outward inflows and the export were the key elements of economic progress in the long run in Turkey. Many important inferences can be made from the estimation results in the study such as the concerned authorities should focus on increasing stockholders’ confidence in the country by reducing political uncertainty and providing favourable environment to foreign investors. Further attention should be paid towards the amount and productivity of external investment flowing in the country in such a way that optimum growth can be achieved.
The Role of Stakeholders in Conseravation Governance in The Upstream Bedadung Watershed
Authors: Petrina Jenitra Milan , Idah Andriyani
Published: February 2022

The upstream of the Bedadung watershed is a catchment area. Now Bedadung watershed does not function optimally because of illegal logging and the change in function of protected forest to production forest. There was an increase in erosion, landslide, and flood. This research aims to identify conservation activities and Identify the roles of stakeholders in governance upstream Bedadung watershed. The result of the first purpose is conservation activities in the fourth Sub-watershed with exploratory, descriptive analysis: (1) Jompo Sub-watershed (coffee plants, teak plants, and terraces), cover crops, DAM controller, (2) Antrokan Sub-watershed such as durian terracing, use of organic mulch, sengon plants with elephant grass, (3) Rempangan Sub-watershed, such as planting cover crops, coffee, and lamtoro terracing, (sengon, coffee, and terrace), reforestation with matoah, sengon, durian, avocado, petai, guava, (4) Rembangan Sub-watershed, such as grass strips, cover crops, (lamtoro, coffee, and terrace). The results of the second purpose are to identify roles, relationships, influence, and strength of stakeholders in the implementation of conservation governance using The Four Rs analysis and stakeholder strength analysis. The position and function of each stakeholder managing the upstream Bedadung Watershed, namely (1) LMDH and KTH as (Subject), (2) Branch of the Jember Regional Forestry Service, Perum Perhutani, and BPDAS Brantas Sampean as (Key Player), (3) Dinas Environment of Jember Regency, Bappeda Jember, Department of Public Works Bina Marga of Jember Regency, and Department of Agriculture of Jember as (Context Setters), (4) Brantas Sampean Watershed Forum as (Crowd).
Pembuatan Bioplastik Berbahan Baku Limbah Organik dengan Penambahan Tepung Tapioka dan Gliserol
Authors: Widyastuti Sri , Rhenny Ratnawati  , Priyono Nurmasyta Sylviana
Published: February 2022

Bioplastik merupakan plastik yang dapat terurai karena sifatnya yang dapat kembali ke alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi yang optimal untuk pembuatan bioplastik dengan berbagai variasi komposisi bahan baku. Perbandingan komposisi limbah kulit pisang raja:tepung tapioka:gliserol berturut-turut 1:10:7,5 (sampel A) dan 1:13:11,25 (sampel B). Perbandingan komposisi limbah nasi:tepung tapioka:gliserol pada sampel C dan D masing-masing adalah 1:10:7,5 dan 1:13:11,25. Bioplastik diproses dengan cara komposit limbah kulit pisang raja atau nasi yang dikeringkan sampai kadar air 70%. Aquades sebanyak 30 mL ditambahkan pada bioplastik dan dipanaskan sampai mengental. Bioplastik dicetak dalam loyang saat masih panas dan di oven dengan suhu 117˚C, lalu di dinginkan pada suhu ruang. Komposisi yang optimal dari pembuatan bioplastik terdapat pada sampel B dengan nilai uji biodegradasi 58% dan memiliki kandungan bioplastik dengan gugus fungsi O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-O dan =C-H pada hasil uji FTIR. Nilai baku mutu uji kuat tarik dan uji pemanjangan saat putus pada sampel B memiliki nilai berturut-turut sebasar 10,9 MPa dan 29%.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Aplikasi Whatsapp Group dalam Proses Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa
Authors: Yonifirnandita Tsaqifa Hanif , Hakim Aliefman , Anwar Yunita Arian Sani , Muntari Muntari
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan aplikasi WhatsApp Group terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gerung. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA yang terbagi dalam 8 kelas, sedangkan sampelnya adalah 57 siswa yang diambil secara purposive. Data diambil melalui angket minat belajar siswa yang terdiri dari 4 indikator penilaian, yaitu: 1) perasaan senang; 2) ketertarikan; 3) perhatian siswa; dan 4) keterlibatan siswa. Hasil penelitian diukur dengan menggunakan uji persentase dengan rata-rata persentase sebesar 66.40% dalam kategori efektif. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi WhatsApp Group efektif digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gerung dan dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif media pembelajaran jarak jauh khususnya di masa pandemi COVID-19.
Pengembangan Media Demonstrasi Kimia untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran Pemisahan Kimia Melalui Lesson Study
Authors: Muti'ah Muti'ah , Loka I Nyoman , Muntari Muntari
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini tentang penerapan media demonstrasi kimia untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Pemisahan Analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama dua siklus melalui pendekatan Lesson StudyÃÂ  yang terdiri dari perencanaan/plan, pelaksanaan-observasi/do, dan refleksi/see.Pengumpulan data diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang bersifat kolaboratif dalam diskusi antar tim pada kegiatan plan, do dan refleksi, serta data hasil belajar mahasiswa. . Hasil analisis data dalam kegiatan plan dan see selama 2 siklus menunjukkan adanya perubahan dinamis yang ditunjukkan oleh: (1) perubahan sikap positif tim pengajar: terbentuk rasa kolegalitas, bersikap terbuka, belajar dari pengalaman nyata, adanya kerjasama untukÃÂ  mengembangkan, saling membagi ide baru dan membuktikannya. (2) Ditemukannya 4 formulasi efektif dalam penggunaan media demonstrasi kimiaÃ¢â¬âgambar power point yaitu: penguasaan materi, terjangkau seluruh mahasiswa, sinkronisasi hasil demonstrasiÃ¢â¬âgambar pada power point, dan ketersediaan waktu. (3) Adanya peningkatan perhatian, aktivitas, dan motivasi dalam pembelajaran. (4) adanyaÃÂ  peningkatan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam mengidentifikasi fasa gerak dan fasa diam, mengevaluasi terjadinya pemisahan komponen, dan interpretasi data percobaan dari 51 hingga 82 pada siklus I dan dari 49 menjadi 84 pada siklus II. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Lesson Study dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dosen dalam mengembangkan media demonstrasi kimia padaÃÂ  pembelajaran Pemisahan Analitik yang berkualitasÃÂ
Part-Time Farming and Scale Efficiency
Authors: Addo Felicity , Salhofer Klaus
Published: February 2022

While many studies have compared the technical efficiency of part-time and full-time farms, we add to the existing literature by extending this analysis to scale efficiency. Based on a sample of crop farms in Austria between 2010 and 2017, we find that part-time farms are more scale efficient when they are evaluated with respect to their production technology and the difference in scale efficiency between part-time and full-time farms increases over time. Although we do not find any significant difference in technical efficiency, full-time farms have a higher technological change. Furthermore, an analysis of the determinants of scale efficiency confirms that factors facilitating farm growth also increase scale efficiency.
Agro-morphological characterization of beans of the phaseolus genus and identification of their cultivated species in Benin (West Africa)
Authors: Houssou Wilfried Milognon  , Antoine Abel Missihoun  , Jonas Boco  , Achille Ephrem Assogbadjo  , Clement Agbangla
Published: February 2022

The local cultivars of the Phaseolus genus present within the local communities constitute a considerable source of genes and consequently of genetic diversity which would lead to success of the varietal creation of beans. ¶Nevertheless, these resources suffer from a significant genetic erosion because of the climatic requirement but also of the difficulties related to their cultivation methods. ¶The objective of this study is to identify the phenotypical distinctive features of the species of the Phaseolus genus cultivated in Benin for a permanent management. ¶To achieve this goal, an agro-morphological characterization was carried out on two years (2019-2020) from March to August of each, at Ahossougbéta (Abomey-Calavi) following a completely randomized blocks design with three replications. Data were collected on¶ twenty-three measured characters on 88 accessions. Data were subjected to the descriptive analysis, the analysis of variance and the multivariate analyses. Results showed a great variability among the accessions for the studied cultivars.¶ Three major groups were identified and were characterized by the AFD.¶ The studied cultivars were characterized more by the shape of the first leaves, the color of the flowers, the color of the integuments, the width of the pods, times of flowering and appearance of the pods and the width and the length of the pods. These results are significantly important for the classification of beans species of the Phaseolus genus. In addition, morphological and molecular genetic characterizations are necessary within each specie in order to define strategies for the improvement and the conservation of their genetic resources in Benin.
Analisis Triple Bottom Line Warung Kopi Dalam Menghadapi Coffee Shop Di Kawasan Brotonegoro Gresik
Authors: Fauziyah Atikotul , Handayani Anita
Published: February 2022

Background - Changes in the lifestyle of young people who mostly prefer to hang out at coffee shops, so that the interest in coffee shops decreases. but contrary to the condition of the coffee shop in the Brotonegoro Gresik area which still survives to obtain optimal profit. Objective - This study aims to analyze the triple bottom line of coffee shops in the Brotonegoro Gresik area to deal with modern coffee shops in obtaining optimal profit. Design/Methodology/Approach - The technique used in this research is purposive sampling with structured interviews and unstructured interviews (free) Findings - The results of this study found that coffee shops pay attention to the environment (planet) by paying attention to the cleanliness of the coffee shop premises, the facilities provided, and paying attention to the layout (layout) of food and beverages being sold. Coffee shops pay attention to service (people), namely by maintaining ethics, paying attention to appearance, and maintaining quality. Profit (profit) as the fulfillment of the necessities of life and business continuity for coffee shop owners in the Brotonegoro Gresik area. Research implications - The results of this research can be used as a reference for coffee shop owners to provide added value and develop their business. Research limitations - Research conducted by researchers still has limitations, namely researchers have not explored service quality more deeply, so that the information obtained by researchers in the form of service quality is only based on the dimensions of reliability, certainty and empathy.
LEARNING TO WRITE INSTRUCTIONS: IMPLEMENTATION OF 21st CENTURY LIFE SKILLS INNOVATION
Authors: Hukubun Yohanis , Rumalean Iwan , Solissa Everhard M
Published: February 2022

This paper aimed to describe learning to write as part of 21st century life skills. Writing as basic literacy is the main material in the 2013 curriculum. One type of writing is writing instructions which require the abilities and skills acquired from educational institutions to be applied in everyday life. Writing instructions is one of the four language skills should be mastered by students. Therefore, Indonesian language teachers are required to master the material for writing instructions both theoretically and practically. Theoretically, it explained about the meaning of writing, types of writing, writing instructions. Practically, they were implemented in learning according to Regulations of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 22 of 2016 and Number 103 of 2014 concerning on standard process. In those regulations, it is explained about graduate competency standards, syllabus, and lesson plan. The first step that needs to be done before preparing the lesson plan is to analyze the graduate competence standard (GCS). After analyzing the GCS, it is then translated into a syllabus. Furthermore, the writing of lesson plans developed from the syllabus to be a direction of learning in achieving basic competencies. This paper was the result of the collaboration of the community service group of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Unpatti in South Buru Regency in 2021
APPLICATION OF THE METAPHOR APPROACH IN GERMAN LEARNING AT SMA NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: Apituley Patresia S , Lestuny Carolina , Soumokil Piet
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study 1) To determine the impact of applying metaphors on learning German. 2) To Improve and optimize the role of the teacher's metaphor in learning German. The population in this study were all students of SMA Negeri 7 Ambon, while the selected samples were students grade 10 of SMA Negeri 7 Ambon. The results of the dependent t-test calculation showed that the t-value is more than the t-table (t-value 11.30 > t-table 1.72913). The results of these calculations indicated that there was a significant difference between German learning’s outcomes before and after treatment with the application of metaphors. Thus, it can be said that application of metaphor had a positive impact and can effectively assist students in learning German and increase learning outcomes of students