bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Dance Composition Skills During the Study Process in the Perspective of the Newest Motor Learning Models
Authors: Spalva Rita
Published: April 2019

In today’s dynamic world, where technologies have changed the understanding of time and space, the discussion about the body as a communicative performer in the new information field becomes a topic of interest. Different body techniques have become prevalent (sports, fitness, dance), which contribute to the scientific interest in the movement determination, inheritance, ergonomics and other aspects of movement quality. This article analyses recent motor learning models (Fitts, Posner, Gentile, etc) and substantiates the usefulness to introduce the three-stage learning model in any field related to motor skills. The article analyses the effectiveness of the proposed model in practice as part of the study course Dance Composition at the Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy. The research results show that the ability to transfer acquired movement skills into new situations and to use them for performing independent creative tasks is a testimony to a high level of application, what is the goal of the introduction of the proposed model.
Collective Music Making – Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Bernats Guntars , Trubina Irena
Published: April 2019

Over the past decade professionally oriented music education in Latvia has undergone a series of reforms, which significantly affects the collective musical place and role. Aim of the present study: explore the theoretical basis and the further development of collective musical promotion. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in several stages. Originally analyzed scientific literature and training programs for Latvian cultural institutions to develop a theoretical basis 1 - 4th grade professional orientation of Instrument program content creation. Researched were study programs in Latvian universities, which acquired music pedagogy. The next stage of the research were interviewed employers, music teachers and students - future music teachers and, based on the survey results, the creation of new qualifications and new courses in a number of higher education programs. Conclusions: 1. Involving learners in the collective musical process, they are provided (ensured) the ability to comprehensively develop the musical, both in general and also the movement of psychophysiological abilities. 2. Collective musical process develops the essential skills such as socialization, cooperation partners and listening skills. 3. Learners are formed as a personality by acting in musical collective, they develop different skills. 4. Students learning motivation creation and promotion is very important. Musical collective process involved not only contributes to motivation, but creates opportunities for self-realization, without which one can not become filled and self-contained.
Evaluation of Diagnostic Values in NCCT and MRI of the Patients With Cerebral Venous or Sinus Thrombosis in Loghman Hakim Hospital in Tehran 2014-2018
Authors: Hatami Hossein , Danesh Niyousha , Shojaei Maziar , Rabie Hamedani Amir
Published: April 2019

Background: Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVT) is the rare type of stroke, which can be fatal or causes significant morbidity. CVT could cause by multiple etiologies and risk factors and could present with many signs and symptoms such as a headache, seizure or altered mental status. The gold standard for diagnosing CVT is magnetic resonance venography (MRV) or computed tomographic venography (CTV), as these modalities are not available in many health centers and the early diagnosis of this disease improves significantly the outcome of treatment, we evaluated the diagnostic values of CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in CVT patients. Methods: We compiled and investigated the radiological and clinical records of 92 patients with the final diagnosis of CVT; we observed the sign of thrombosis in 74 patients who had either the non-contrast CT or MRI plus MRV. We statistically analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, the positive and negative likelihood ratio of these modalities. Results: Our results demonstrated that the sensitivity of CT scan is 60.5%, and its specificity is 66.7%. The positive predictive value of CT is 85%, and its negative predictive value is 34%. Our study demonstrated that the accuracy of CT in diagnosing CVT patients is 62%. Besides our results showed that the sensitivity of MRI in diagnosing CVT is 87%, and the specificity of MRI is 76.9%. Hence the positive predictive value of MRI is 94%, and the negative predictive value is 58%, and the accuracy of this modality is 85% Conclusion: In the absence of gold standard modalities, MRI and CT scan have relatively good diagnostic values, besides MRI is more beneficial between the two, moreover we found that CVT is more prevalent among women and in warm seasons.
The Effect of Basic Life Skills Training on Adaptability and Psychological Well-Being in Married Female Students
Authors: Sadati Seyedeh Zahra , Mirzaian Bahram , Doosti Yarali
Published: April 2019

Background: Effective communication and the establishment of a good communication model among individuals have a prominent role in adaptation and can play an essential role in creating the psychological well being of married students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basic life skills training on adaptability and psychological well being in married female students. Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with the control group. A sample of 40 female undergraduate students of Qaemshahr Azad University University in the academic year of 2017-2018 was selected with convenience sampling and divided into 2 experimental and control groups randomly (each group 20 student). The experimental group received eight sessions of basic life skills training in 2 sessions of 90 minutes per week. Control group received no training. In order to collect information, Bell’s adaptive scale and psychological well-being questionnaire used. Covariance analysis by SPSS-22 software was used to analyze the data. Results: results of covariance analysis showed that the training of basic skills of life increased the adaptability (P<0.001) and psychological well-being (P<0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group at the post-test stage. Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, it can be used basic life skills training as an effective way to increase the psychological well-being and student adaptability.
The Perceptual Differences of Hospital Employees on the Use and Adoption of Electronic Health Records and Telemedicine
Authors: Venugopal Pulidindi , Aswini Priya S.
Published: April 2019

Technological innovation is one of the key factors in improving healthcare services. It is necessary to examine the perceptions of hospital employees of the adoption of electronic health records and telemedicine in hospitals. Because of the fact that the perception of the usage of technology differs from one employee to another, this study determines the perceptual differences of hospital employees on the usage of electronic health records and telemedicine in hospitals of Vellore district. By employing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model, the study determines the purpose. A total of 770 doctors, 770 nurses, and 770 clinical staff were contacted and asked to elucidate their responses; of those contacted, 537 doctors, 580 nurses, and 568 clinical staff willingly filled up the questionnaire after filling the missing values. The mean series of all the respondents have been chosen for the final study. The findings, implications, limitations, and future research are suggested and delineated.
Nutritional adversity, sex and reproduction: 30 years of DOHaD and what have we learned?
Authors: Jazwiec Patrycja A , Sloboda Deborah M
Published: April 2019

It is well established that early life environmental signals, including nutrition, set the stage for long-term health and disease risk – effects that span multiple generations. This relationship begins early, in the periconceptional period and extends into embryonic, fetal and early infant phases of life. Now known as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD), this concept describes the adaptations that a developing organism makes in response to early life cues, resulting in adjustments in homeostatic systems that may prove maladaptive in postnatal life, leading to an increased risk of chronic disease and/or the inheritance of risk factors across generations. Reproductive maturation and function is similarly influenced by early life events. This should not be surprising, since primordial germ cells are established early in life and thus vulnerable to early life adversity. A multitude of ‘modifying’ cues inducing developmental adaptations have been identified that result in changes in reproductive development and impairments in reproductive function. Many types of nutritional challenges including caloric restriction, macronutrient excess and micronutrient insufficiencies have been shown to induce early life adaptations that produce long-term reproductive dysfunction. Many pathways have been suggested to underpin these associations, including epigenetic reprogramming of germ cells. While the mechanisms still remain to be fully investigated, it is clear that a lifecourse approach to understanding lifetime reproductive function is necessary. Furthermore, investigations of the impacts of early life adversity must be extended to include the paternal environment, especially in epidemiological and clinical studies of offspring reproductive function.
Objektyvusis tarmiškumas: požymiai ir vertė
Authors: Aliūkaitė Daiva
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

The article focuses on the discourse of perceptual dialectology with the emphasis on the issue of the objective dialecticity. The aim to analyse the question of the objective dialecticity as a dialect parameter is essentially an attempt to identify the linguistic features of the dialect artefact that distinguish this artefact from other observation artefacts from the perspective of an ordinary member of the language community. Thus, the article, based on the data of language attitudes and perception of variants, develops an illustrative discourse, which reveals the features and values of the objective dialecticity from the perspective of an ordinary member of the Lithuanian language community.

The research data reveals that the system of the objective dialecticity features of ordinary members of the language community encompasses distinctive, characteristic, and fuzzy dialectal features. Only more characteristic and intense prominent secondary (characteristic) and tertiary (fuzzy) features in the horizontal continuum of the regional language variance determine that ordinary members of the language community (re)construct the dialect artefact on the basis of the latter.
Algirdo Landsbergio kritika: lietuvių–lenkų kultūrų dialogas
Authors: Adomavičienė Laimutė
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

Algirdas Landsbergis (1924–2004) was one of the few critics whose erudition, creative intentions, comparative education, language proficiency and international competence and activities, provided opportunities to transcend the boundaries of the Lithuanian literature, avoiding the “provinciality” of literature. The article analyses the critique of Landsbergis literature and theatre-related to Polish culture. The chosen research of this part of the criticism texts is innovative because it has not been studied in more detail. The critic’s mission – to evaluate the Polish and Lithuanian literature in the context of Central-Eastern Europe – is highlighted in the criticism articles, reviews and annotations published in 1969–1998. The analysis of criticism texts allowed to highlight the dialogue between Lithuanian and Polish literature and cultures. In criticism relating to Polish culture, here viewed the latest works by Polish-speaking writers, mostly their translations, in order to evaluate the aesthetic value, structure, style of the work, to describe the writer’s growth, the place of his work in the context of peer-reviewed author’s creative works or in Polish literature (the basis of comparison is the Lithuanian literature or literature of other Middle East European countries). In this way, the critic performed an educational mission – introducing the addressee (a Lithuanian emigrant and Lithuanian behind the Iron Curtain) to the situation of the Middle East European region or the world culture, and literature; encouraged to resist the Soviet regime.
Non-linearity and/in Translation: On Complex Strategies in the Ukrainian Rendition of Joyce’s Novel-Hypertext “Ulysses”
Authors: Bondarenko Mariia
Published: April 2019

[full article and abstract in English]

By positing that translation is the main manifestation of “interliterarity” (in D. Ďurišin’s conceptualization) that brings to the fore the meta-creational capacities of the target literature, the present article attempts (1) to study a translatability potential of a hypertext as based on the Ukrainian translation of James Joyce’s novel-hypertext Ulysses, and (2) to justify the role of its reception in the Ukrainian literary field as a force for language and culture development. The synthesis of a “verbal music” with a mosaic of texts and narratives – imitated, playfully transformed or directly quoted – is claimed to be a key source of hypertextuality in Ulysses. In this line of reasoning, the paper particularly focuses on (1) the role of both overcoming cultural barriers and leaving a space for reader’s co-creativity while transferring of intertexts; (2) the approaches to interpretation of parody and pastiche as forms of writing-as-translation practice; (3) J. Wawrzycka’s concept regarding translation of musicalized fiction as trans-semantification, i. e. attending to literariness of the text; (4) the idea of translator’s visibility attributed to the Ukrainian re-languaging of musicalized fiction.
Interviu su prof Jorge Díaz-Cintas
Authors: Ulvydienė Loreta , Pogoželskaitė Neda , Pužaitė Urtė , Rimkutė Urtė
Published: April 2019

[text in Lithuanian]
“Dialogues”: Art Exhibition Promoting Intercultural Communication and Tolerance among Nations
Authors: Gulbinaitė Gertrūda , Senkevičiūtė Evelina , Ulvydienė Loreta
Published: April 2019

[text in Lithuanian]
STUDY OF CYNARA CARDUNCULUS (ARTICHOKE) STEM AND LEAVE AQUEOUS EXTRACT EFFECTS ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN RATS FED WITH HIGH-FAT-DIET AND VITAMIN C-SUPPLEMENT
Authors: Berroukche Abdelkrim , Boufadi Yasmina-Mokhatria , Dellaoui Hafsa , Lansari Wassila , Zerarki Imen
Published: April 2019

Cynara cardunculus (CC), belonging to the family of artichokes, is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. This medicinal plant has shown its preventive effects against metabolic disorders. This study aimed to assess the effects of CC stems (CCS) and CC leaves (CCL) decoctions on metabolic parameters in rats fed with High-Fat-Diet and Vitamin C-supplement. This study underwent on 30 male adult rats divided into 5 groups; Controls, HFD, HFD-VC, HFD-CCS and HFD-CCL. Body weight and biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and hepatic transaminases (GOT & GPT) were measured by spectrophotometric analysis methods during an experimental period (30 days). Decreased body weights were observed in HFD-CCS (176.93 g) and HFD-CCL (173.2 g) compared to HFD-VC (216.63 g). Significant changes were observed regarding blood glucose, total cholesterol, cholesterol-HDL and triglycerides in HFD-CCS (0.84±0.03, 1.01±0.07, 1.21±0.05 and 0.64±0.03 g / L respectively) and HFD-CCL (0.85±0.02, 0.89±0.03, 1.42±0.05 and 0.52±0.02 g / L) compared to HFD-VC (1.32±0.02, 1.3±0.05, 0.76±0.02 and 0.86±0.08 g / L). Liver function was characterized by decreased transaminase activities of GOT and GPT in HFD-CCS (22.6 and 19.6 IU / L) and HFD-CCL (12.6 and 10.3 IU / L) compared to HFD-VC (112 and 73.6 IU / L). Cynara cardunculus showed beneficial effects against biochemical disorders induced by high-fat-diet better than vitamin C supplement. Stem and leave decoctions showed complementary activities respectively hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic.
POTENTIAL EFFECT OF NATURAL PRODUCTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SEED INFESTATION OF CEREALS DURING STORAGE
Authors: Lougraimzi Hanane , Bouaichi Abdelaaziz , M Sou Soufiane , Kotba Imad , Fadli Mohamed
Published: April 2019

For stored cereals, pest protection methods are mainly based on the use of synthetic insecticides. However, in the face of the pollution and toxicity problems associated with these insecticides, the search for other alternative solutions is essential. It is within this framework that local natural products collected in the region of Gharb, Morocco have been used to: evaluate their insecticidal effect on Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) the main pests of the stored cereals, and test the effect of these natural products on the germination of soft wheat seeds. Before bioassays, a survey was conducted in three representative areas in the region of Gharb to advance our understanding on the type of methods commonly used by farmers to protect the stored cereals against different pest. During our investigation, we found that 91% of respondents favor the use of synthetic insecticides and only cereals intended for self-consumption are treated with natural products. The results of the insecticidal effect of different natural products indicated that the highest mortality percentage was recorded with a concentration of 5% of Mentha pulegium powder and Capsicum frutescens. The former product induced 69 % and 57 % while the latter caused 36 % and 22 % mortality on the adults of S. granarius and T. castaneum, respectively. The germination test showed that these natural products have no effect on the germination rate of soft wheat grains. Therefore, these products can be potential alternative the synthetic insecticides for the protection of stored against pest infestation.
Pollution of Natural Ecosystems, the Biosphere Radionuklidamy, and Its Implications
Authors: Z.H. Dr, Prof. RAE Aliyev
Published: April 2019

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Felső ugróízülettel kommunikáló csontcysta sebészi kezelése súlyos A-haemophiliás betegen
Authors: Kovács Krisztián , Bartha Lajos , Antal Imre
Published: April 2019

Abstract:

The authors report the case of a 19-year-old male patient with inhibitor-positive factor VIII deficiency. The patient had painful, limited range of motion and swelling in the left toe, due to haemarthrosis 1-2 times a month. The MR images depicted a bone cyst penetrating into the tibiotalar joint space at the distal end of the left tibia. Due to the size and localisation of the cyst, there was a high chance of a pathological fracture with a potential intraarticular component. The clinical scenario was complicated by the high level of antifactor VIII antibodies. To prevent pathological fracture and stop the recurrence of haemarthrosis, the authors decided to debride the cavity and fill it with bone chips. During the operation and the postoperative period the patient recieved recombinant clotting factor substitution and standard thromboprophylaxis. Despite the high risk of bleeding complication, the patient had neither bleeding nor thomboembolic complication. Further bleeding into the joint space has not been reported by the patient since the surgery. The authors aim to draw attention to this rare, but significant disease, the role of the haemophilia centers and the importance of the coordinated multidisciplinary treatment. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(17): 679–682.
A PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE O PROGRAMA TEC NEP NOS PROGRAMAS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO NO BRASIL - 2000 - 2014
Authors: Cunha Ana Lídia Braga Melo
Published: April 2019

Neste estudo, busca-se analisar a produção do conhecimento sobre o Programa Educação, Tecnologia e Profissionalização para Pessoas com Necessidades Específicas (TEC NEP) e ações desenvolvidas na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT) para a inclusão de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais (NEE). Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica realizada por meio de uma coleta de dados na internet em espaços acadêmicos e científicos de domínio público. Questiona-se inicialmente:Quais são as contribuições para a produção do conhecimento sobre Educação Profissional e Tecnológica Inclusivadessas pesquisas? Como as ações de inclusão desenvolvidas pelos Institutos Federais promoveram o acesso, a permanência e a conclusão dos cursos para essas pessoas? Os resultados indicam que ocorreram avanços na sensibilização para a educação inclusiva, mas que essa precisa ser ampliada para garantir o acesso, a permanência e a conclusão de cursos com êxito pelos alunos com NEE com qualidade social referenciada.
SAVIANI, Dermeval. Sistema Nacional de Educação e Plano Nacional de Educação: significado, controvérsias e perspectivas. – 2. ed. rev. e ampl. – Campinas, SP: Autores Associados, 2017.
Authors: Santos Luciano Francisco dos , Tavares Andrezza Maria Batista do Nascimento
Published: April 2019

Na resenha, objetiva-seapresentar, refletir e tecer uma narrativado livro “Sistema Nacional de Educação e Plano Nacional de Educação: significado, controvérsias e perspectivas”,uma retrospectiva da ideia e do conceito de sistema e do plano nacional de educação. Surgiu na década de 1930, pelos Pioneiros da Educação Nova, pelo Manifesto de 1932, na constituição de 1934. Entre os anos 1960 e 1990, na LDB 4.024/61 ea ditadura militar (1964-1985), silenciando o tema, voltou na Constituição de 1988. Na década de 1990, no plano decenal educação para todos, em 1993, e no governo FHC, na LDB9.394/96 e o PNE (2001-2010), que fora vetado, quanto ao financiamento. No governo Lula, o projeto de 2010, e no governo Dilma-Temer, pela transformação do projeto de 2010 no PNE (2014-2024), e, dos retrocessos causados pelo golpe de 2016 e da PEC 95/2016. O livro é uma leitura indispensável aos educadores do Brasil.
Discourse Marker Dico in the 16th Century Italian Language
Authors: Zholudeva Lyubov
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the functional and semantic analysis of the form dico in the 16 th-century Italian language, the main aim being to show how it gradually begins to function as a discourse marker. The study is performed on the basis of texts belonging to different genres (mainly comedies and treatises in the dialogue form) where certain peculiarities of spoken language are imitated. We come to the conclusion that the invariant pragmatic meaning of this unit is "second attempt to establish successful communication". We also claim that the promotion of dico to the role of a discourse marker is the result of the secondary metaphorization of dire. We point out to the parallelism between the metaphoric uses of dire, namely, the epistemic one ("to say" = "to claim, to consider") and the volitional one ("to say" = "to order, to command"), on the one hand, and the use of dico in its two main functions, on the other hand. The functions in question are a) adducing a comment to the previous statement, and b) urging the addressee to act in a certain way. In both cases one can speak of a partial desemantization of dico and its metaphorization that allows it to function as a pragmatic signal rather than a regular verbal form. On the formal level it is manifested by the absence of complements, syntactic freedom of dico and its tendency to occupy a certain position within a sentence depending exclusively on its pragmatic (and not grammatical-syntactic) function.
Methods of the Diachronic Analysis of Author’s Proverbs of the Russian Language: the Possibility of Application
Authors: Zagrebelnyy Artur
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the article is to present the author's method of the diachronic analysis of author's proverbs of the Russian language and the possibilities of its practical application on the example of the analysis of the author's proverb Don't get in the someone's arsenal with your own machine gun. The principal novelty of the research is that a complex method of the historically distant author's proverb analysis was developed, tested and presented for the first time. The method is based on the achievements of modern scientists in the field of synchronous study of author's proverbs and their system prototypes, structural paremiology, research of the Russian language of the revolutionary era, facts of the national history of the beginning of the 20 th century. The developed method is presented in the form of a sequence of 7 stages of the analysis, allowing to describe the structural and semantic transformation of a proverb; to scientifically justify the recognition in a new proverbial unit of the source proverb by establishing the commonality of their reference to one of the 4 higher logical and semiotic invariant groups; to interpret the facts of a wide extralinguistic context, which led to the emergence of a new proverb; to formulate the opinion expressed by the author's proverb and to establish its type. The paper demonstrates the possibilities of the technique practical application by the example of analysis of the author's proverb mentioned above.
Lexicon and Scenarios of Touch Perception: Towards Developing a Research Thesaurus
Authors: Varlamov Anton , Inyashkin Stanislav , Gorbacheva Aleksandra , Semirechenko Aleksey , Osadchiy Mikhail , Rusetskaya Margarita
Published: April 2019

The paper shows the important advance in sensory neuroscience achieved with a recent discovery of C-tactile system integrating mechanosensitive C fibers that innervate the hairy skin and representing the neurobiological substrate for the affective and rewarding properties of touch. It has drawn scientists' attention to social touch research and has increased the demand for developing psychometric instruments of touch perception assessment calling for developing an elaborated and cross-culturally validated touch lexicon. The paper focuses on creating a Russian touch lexicon and assessing the relevance of different sensory and emotional characteristics (a list of 270 adjectives and participles) to active ('I touch', 80 participants) and passive ('I am being touched', 75 participants) scenarios of touch perception by native speakers of the Russian language. A comparison to previously reported data for the sample of American English speakers has revealed a general similarity of Russian and English touch lexicons. Active touch perception scenario was characterized by the dominance of haptic characteristics (features relevant to sensory properties of objects), while in passive touch perception scenario a prominent increase was observed for the perceived relevance of touch recipient's sensory experience characteristics including words related to pain, tickle, chafing, and itch. The results suggest that the choice of particular words used in task descriptions and in semantic differential scales should be made relevant to the particular touch perception scenarios, rather than relying on a limited generic touch lexicon.
To a question of definition of deformation of frosty heaving of soil of road designs by different methods
Authors: Shorin Vladimir , Kaga George , Velsovsky Anatoly
Published: April 2019

The article notes the relevance of the issues of ensuring frost resistance of structures, including road, in connection with the almost universal spread of the phenomenon of frost heaving in the territory of the Russian Federation. The question of known methods for determining the calculated characteristics of frost heaving of the soil, which is the initial characteristic of the calculation of structures for frost resistance, is considered. These methods include the standard method, the method VGU in two variants and the method ROSDORNII Institute. These methods are presented in the form of a flowchart with a detailed description of the individual blocks. The shortcomings of the normative method, which lead in some cases to unacceptable errors for engineering practice, are noted. The VGU method in the first embodiment is based only on the use of laboratory test data and plotting the intensity of frost heaving. In the second variant of the VGU method, the character of the intensity plot is taken on the basis of data from long-term field tests.
Chemical aspects of the process of concrete cracks elimination with the help of bacteria
Authors: Erofeev Vladimir , Salman Dawood Salman Al-Dulaimi , Fomichev Valery
Published: April 2019

The article describes the chemical processes of biogenesis of calcium carbonate for self-healing of concrete, taking into account four main factors: the concentration of calcium, the concentration of soluble inorganic carbon, the pH value, the presence of the crystallization center.

A number of bacteria that can be found in soil, sand and natural minerals have the ability to release calcium carbonate, both in natural and laboratory conditions.

In the laboratory, calcium lactate (CaC6H10O6) was used as a starting material for the formation of calcium carbonate. In addition, urea necessary for bacteria as a source of urease enzyme and yeast extract as a source of carbon and nitrogen were added. The resulting pH was brought to 9 to avoid possible chemical deposition of calcium carbonate.

To improve the production technology of biological concrete, specially selected bacteria of the genus Bacillus with a combination of nutrients were used to create a reducing agent in concrete. With the help of such self-healing concrete by means of bacteria, cracks more than 100 µm wide can be compacted. With this approach, the bacteria in the alkaline medium convert CO2 into carbonate ions, which then interact with the Ca ions from the concrete matrix. This leads to the formation of calcium carbonate crystals. In addition, CO2 directly reacts with the calcium hydroxide matrix, which leads to the formation of calcite precipitate. The appearance of calcium carbonate crystals of large size with the participation of bacteria incorporated into the self-healing concrete provides an excellent ability to self-healing compared to traditional or developed environmentally unsafe self-healing cement materials. That is why this area of research is a promising alternative to environmentally hazardous methods of repair using cement.
Rationalizing injustice: The reinforcement of legal hegemony in South Africa
Authors: Masiangoako Thato
Published: April 2019

The legal system in South Africa holds a legitimate and authoritative position in the country’s constitutional democracy and political order, despite the commonplace experiences of injustice that take place at the hands of the criminal justice system. This article looks at how the legal consciousness of community activists, student activists and migrants is shaped by experiences of arrest and detention, and focuses particularly on how their perceptions of the law reinforce the legitimacy and hegemonic status enjoyed by the criminal justice system and broader legal system in South Africa. The article draws on original interviews with community activists, student activists and migrants, who recounted their experiences of arrest and detention. Using a socio-legal framework of legal consciousness, the article unpacks how these groups reinforce legal hegemony through the ways in which they understand and rationalise their experiences of punishment. Despite the reasonable expectation that those who have experienced a miscarriage of justice would be most sceptical and pessimistic about the law’s legitimacy, this article finds that they continue to maintain their faith in the law. The article presents an analysis of interviews conducted with members of these groups, and shares evidence that begins to explore some of the ways in which South Africa’s criminal justice system is able to sustain its legitimacy, despite the gaps between what the law ought to be and what the law actually is.
Decolonising prisons in South Africa: The need for effective bail affordability inquiries
Authors: Mokoena Untalimile Crystal Amenda , Lubaale Emma Charlene
Published: April 2019

Prisons have been a major player in all countries with a history of tyrannical regimes, as people who attempted to resist repression frequently found themselves detained in prisons. Many countries have adopted democratic government, underscored by equality of all people before the law. Many states – South Africa among them – continue to make reforms to address these past injustices, and, as part of this shift, prisons across continents are attempting to decolonise. This article questions whether South Africa can decolonise its prisons, given that the country’s poor are at a higher risk of detention because they are not able to afford bail. The article focuses on the concept of cashless bail and argues that, given South Africa’s history of marginalisation and income inequality, this model can be one mechanism through which to address past injustices with a view to decolonising the country’s prisons. The article makes a strong case for the effective implementation of provisions on inquiry on affordability of cash bail as one of the means to achieve this end.
Синтез и изучение адсорбционных свойств мезопористых кремнеземов, модифицированных никелем и медью
Authors: Shmelev Alexander A. , Filippova Elena O. , Shafigulin Roman V. , Bulanova Andzhela V.
Published: April 2019

Темплатным методом синтезированы образцы мезопористых кремнеземов типа МСМ, прове- дено их модифицирование медью (МСМ(Cu)) и никелем (МСМ(Ni)) и изучены их текстурные харак- теристики. С использованием метода обращенной газовой хроматографии получены термодинамиче- ские характеристики адсорбции (дифференциальная теплота адсорбции и изменение стандартной дифференциальной молярной энтропии при адсорбции) для тестовых органических соединений, склонных к различным типам межмолекулярных взаимодействий. Рассчитаны вклады специфических взаимодействий адсорбатов с синтезированными МСМ. Изучены компенсационные зависимости ме- жду теплотой и энтропией адсорбции тестовых адсорбатов.
Определение способности пористых метакрилатных полимеров к межмолекулярным взаимодействиям с помощью уравнения линейного разложения газохроматографических параметров
Authors: Platonova Nataliya P. , Borovikova Svetlana A. , Sharapov Valeri M. , Buryak Alexei K.
Published: April 2019

Предложено модифицированное уравнение линейного разложения газохроматографических параметров для описания способности метакрилатных полимеров к различным типам межмолекуляр- ных взаимодействий (ММВ). Уравнение позволяет не только оценивать полярность полимеров, но и определять вклад каждого типа ММВ в удерживание молекул.
Числа переноса ионов при электродиализе в интенсивных режимах тока
Authors: Brykova Anastasiya I. , Shaposhnik Vladimir A. , Badessa Tolera Seda
Published: April 2019

Числа переноса ионов в ионообменных мембранах являются важнейшими их паспортными характеристиками, так как определяют эффективность электродиализа. Известны методы их измерение при плотности тока ниже предельных диффузионных. В настоящей работе предлагается метод измерения чисел переноса ионов в мембране при плотностях тока выше предельных диффузионных. Он позволяет измерять числа переноса исследуемого электролита, числа переноса ионов, образующихся при необратимой диссоциации молекул воды и числа переноса коионов. Основу метода представляет несимметричная поляризация катионообменной и анионообменной мембраны, достигаемая значительной разностью концентраций в смежных секциях обессоливания. В этом случае на катионо- обменной мембране превышается предельная плотность тока, а на анионообменной мембране не достигается, и мы получили возможность измерения чисел переноса ионов образующихся при необратимой диссоциации воды. В работе приведены результаты измерений чисел переноса противоионов в катионообменной мембране исследуемых электролитов, числа переноса водородных ионов, возникающих при необратимой диссоциации молекул воды, и дана оценка чисел переноса коионов.
Влияние фитоминералсорбентов на гнойный раневой процесс
Authors: Krut Uliana А. , Vezentsev Alexandr I. , Kuzuvova Elena V. , Radchenko Alexandra I. , Shaydorova Galina M.
Published: April 2019

Приведены результаты исследования фитоминералсорбентов. Исследовано влияние модифицированной монтмориллонит содержащей глины на ранозаживление у лабораторных крыс линии Вистар. Была исследована клиническая картина крови крыс после нанесения модельной раны. В ходе проведенной работы было изучено изменение площади раневого дефекта при моделировании гнойной раны у крыс в эксперименте
Газохроматографический анализ свободных жирных кислот митохондрий растений кукурузы при действии гипоксии
Authors: Ershova Antonina N. , Tyurina Irina V.
Published: April 2019

Разработан метод выделения свободных жирных кислот митохондрий растений путем перевода в калийные соли и метилирования диазометаном. Газохроматографический анализ метиловых эфиров жирных кислот показал, что доминирующими среди свободных жирных кислот были пальмитиновая (С16:0).) и линолевая кислоты (C18:2). При гипоксии и, особенно при действии СО2 на про- ростки кукурузы, отмечалось увеличение содержания пальмитолеиновой (С16:1) и линолевой кислот (С18:2), что приводило к повышению ненасыщенности (u/s). Предполагается, что это является ре- зультатом распада фосфолипидных компонентов мембран митохондрий, что вызывает нарушение их функционирования в условиях гипоксического стресса.
Межфазное распределение разнозарядных хлоридных комплексов палладия(II) в экстракционных системах на основе жидких анионообменников
Authors: Simonova Tamara N. , Gontar Elena S.
Published: April 2019

Методами экстракции, молекулярной абсорбционной спектроскопии изучено межфазное распределение ассоциатов хлоридных комплексов палладия(II) с жидкими анионообменниками в хлороформе. Установлена дифференциация экстракционного поведения разнорадикальных органических оснований при извлечении разнозарядных хлоридных комплексов палладия(II). Установлено разделение анионных форм палладия(II) из концентрированных хлоридных растворов. Соль три-н- октиламмония экстрагирует низкозарядные анионы. Первичные алкиламины нормального строения С12–С18 и разнорадикальные третичные алкиламины типа диметил-н-додециламмония сдвигают равновесие в сторону образования высокозарядных анионов.
Определение уксусной кислоты в промежуточных фракциях производства этанола модифицированным пьезосенсором
Authors: Linh Cao Nhat , Akimova Marina Gennad’yevna , Zyablov Alexander N.
Published: April 2019

В работе разработаны пьезоэлектрические сенсоры на основе молекулярно-импринтированных полимеров (МИП) для определения уксусной кислоты в жидкостях. Рассчитаны значения импринтинг-фактора и коэффициенты селективности и установлено, что сенсоры, модифицированные МИП, обладают высокой селективностью к уксусной кислоте, которая являлась темплатом при синтезе полимерного покрытия. Модифицированные пьезосенсоры апробированы при анализе состава промежуточных фракциях производства этанола (бражной дистиллят, эпюрат, кубовые жидкости колонн). Проверку правильности определения кислоты в жидкостях проводили на хромато-масс-спектрометрическом комплексе Agilent Technological 7890B GC Systems. Установлено, что уксусная кислота выявилась только в бражном дистилляте и эпюрате. Сравнение результатов определения уксусной кислоты в жидких средах, полученных методом хромато-масс-спектрометрии и сенсорами на основе МИП показало, что систематическая погрешность пьезосенсорного способа определения карбоновой кислоты отсутствует.
Разработка полиакриламидных композиций, наполненных клиноптилолитовыми породами для адсорбционной очистки воды от нефтепродуктов
Authors: Dabizha Olga N.
Published: April 2019

Синтезированы композиционные материалы с улучшенными нефтесорбционными свойствами на основе наполненного клиноптилолитовыми породами полиакриламида. Полученные композиты изучены методами оптической микроскопии, инфракрасной спектроскопии, дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии и термогравиметрии. Рассмотрены вероятные варианты взаимодействий между активными центрами наполненной полимерной системы с участием молекул воды. Определены оптимальные содержания дисперсного наполнителя и концентрация водного раствора полиакриламида для получения материала с максимальной экспертной оценкой и степенью очистки морской воды от нефти и дизельного топлива.
Определение параметров ионитных комплексов, образующихся при сорбции катионов никеля слабоосновным анионитом АМ-7
Authors: Kolodyazhnyi Vladimir A. , Chelnakova Polina N. , Muracheva Elena S.
Published: April 2019

Исследована сорбция катионов никеля комплексообразующим анионитом АМ-7. Показано, что сорбция ионов никеля из водных растворов удовлетворительно описывается уравнением Ленгмюра, линейная аппроксимация которого позволяет определить максимальную сорбционную  емкость комплексообразующего анионита. Для определения характеристик ионитного комплексаконстанты устойчивости и координационного числа – рассмотрены два независимых метода: определение константы устойчивости по коэффициенту распределения и методом разрушения аммиачных комплексов никеля при контакте с депротонированной формой ионита. Рассчитанные константы устойчивости ионитных комплексов и значение координационного числа в обоих случаях находятся в удовлетворительном согласовании.
Хроматографическое разделение продуктов взаимодействия 1,1-диметилгидразина с изотиоцианатами
Authors: Ulyanov Aleksey V. , Polunina Irina A. , Polunin Konstantin E , Buryak Alexei K.
Published: April 2019

Проведены теоретические и экспериментальные исследования возможности хроматографического разделения смеси реагентов и продуктов взаимодействия 1,1-диметилгидразина с изотиоцианатами. Методом газовой хроматографии с масс-спектрометрической детекцией эффективно разделенысмеси этил- и аллилтиосемикарбазидов с реагентами на полидиметилсилоксановой неподвижной фазе. Получена удовлетворительная корреляция между экспериментальными и теоретически рассчитанными характеристиками удерживания тиосемикарбазидов и изотиоцианатов на неполярной неподвижной фазе.
Сорбционные характеристики сорбентов для твердофазной экстракции фенольных соединений из экстрактов лекарственных растений
Authors: Shil’ko Elena A. , Temerdashev Zaual A. , Milevskaya Victoria V. , Kiseleva Natalia V.
Published: April 2019

В основе исследований настоящей работы находится твердофазное извлечение фенольных компонентов экстрактов лекарственного растительного сырья различными типами сорбционных материалов. В качестве сорбционных материалов использовали октадецилсиликагель (Strata C18-E), сополимер стирола и дивинилбензола, химически модифицированный N-винилпирролидоном,(Strata X), а также сополимер дивинилбензола и N-винилпирролидона (Oasis HLB). Для каждого из сорбентов получены сорбционные характеристики по отношению к целевым соединениям (объем до проскока, равновесный объем, объем удерживания и др.), а также десорбционные параметры (коэффициент концентрирования и степень извлечения). Показано, что сорбенты на основе октадецилсили-кагеля достаточно эффективны для извлечения группы флавоноидов и их гликозидов, а полимерные материалы - одновременно и флавоноидов, и фенольных кислот. Степени извлечения фенольных кислот и флавоноидов при коэффициенте концентрирования 5 на сорбенте Strata C18-E составили 27-40% и 79-105% соответственно. С применением сорбента Strata X также достигается концентрирова-ние в 5 раз при степенях извлечения 106-107% (для фенольных кислот) и 99-122% (для флавоноидов). На сорбенте Oasis HLB возможно концентрирование в 20 раз фенольных кислот при их степенях извлечения 74-96% и в 32 раза для флавоноидов при степенях извлечения в диапазоне 56-91%.
Равновесная сорбция метиленового голубого на клиноптилолите
Authors: Kotova Diana L. , Sokrukina Anna I. , Krysanova Tatiana A.
Published: April 2019

Изучена равновесная сорбция метиленового голубого на нативном и кислотно-активированном клиноптилолите. Выявлен характер сорбции красителя на алюмосиликате, проявляющийся в образовании монослоя и формировании ассоциатов метиленового голубого. Сорбция из разбавленных растворов красителя описывается уравнением Лэнгмюра. Установлено увеличение удельной поверхности сорбента и его сорбционной способности с ростом концентрации активатора.
Оптимизация методов ВЭЖХ контроля антоцианового состава вин и виноматериалов
Authors: Drob’ Alexander A. , Vasiyarov Georgy G. , Titova Elena V. , Staroverov Sergei M. , Yakuba Yuri T. , Guguchkina Tatyana I.
Published: April 2019

Предложено совместное использование ВЭЖХ-систем с муравьиной и с трифторуксусной кислотами для получения исчерпывающей информации об антоциановом составе вин и виноматериалов. Впервые предложено использование гидрофильной хроматографии (HILIC) для анализа красных вин и виноматериалов. Показаны преимущества использования режима HILIC для предварительной количественной оценки содержания Mvd-3,5-diGlu в винах и виноматериалах. Проведен качественный анализ 13 образцов вин из винограда сорта Каберне-Совиньон. На основе полученных данных сделан вывод о возможности определения сортовой принадлежности вин и виноматериалов с помощью ВЭЖХ-анализа.
Сопряженный перенос ионов и теплоты через катионообменную мембрану при электродиализе малорастворимых электролитов
Authors: Shaposhnik Vladimir A.
Published: April 2019

Проблема влияния температуры на транспорт ионов через ионообменные мембраны обсуждена на основе термодинамики  стационарных необратимых процессов. Линейный закон Онзагера позволяет изучить влияние потока тепла на перенос ионов через ионообменные мембраны, если известны феноменологические коэффициенты проводимости. Эксперименты были проведены в электродиализаторе с чередующимися катионообменными и анионообменными мембранами при задании постоянного перепада температуры между секциями. Объектом исследования была суспензия малорастворимого электролита сульфата стронция. Пропускание постоянного электрического тока приводило к непрерывному растворению суспензии, что было существенно не только для сравнения теории с экспериментом, но и для моделирования процессов растворения осадков при реверсивном электродиализе.
Получение и исследование пористой структуры минерально-углеродных адсорбентов на основе силикагеля и полимерных отходов
Authors: Nistratov Alexey V. , Skaryukin Alexey S. , Klushin Vitaly N.
Published: April 2019

Описан способ получения и охарактеризована пористая структура минерально-углеродных адсорбентов на основе двух видов силикагеля и отходов полиэтилена, полипропилена и полиуретана. Представлены изотермы низкотемпературной адсорбции ими азота, по которым рассчитаны размеры, удельный объём и поверхность микро- и мезопор. Показано, что при пиролизе указанных полимеров мезопористая структура адсорбентов меняется незначительно, а микропористая структура сохраняется только с крупнопористым силикагелем, являющимся более подходящей минеральной основой.