bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endophytic Fungi - An Untapped Source of Potential Antioxidants
Authors: Mishra Rahul C. , Goel Mayurika , Barrow Colin J. , Deshmukh Sunil K.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Antioxidants are the substances that interact inside and outside of a biological
system against the damaging effects of highly reactive free radicals produced during metabolism.
Among various natural alternative sources of bioactive metabolites, endophytic fungi have emerged as a
significant reservoir of potent antioxidant compounds. These scantly explored micro-organisms are
prolific producers of novel compounds and have the capability to produce metabolites that are exclusively
isolated from Plantae. A wide array of compounds like nucleobases, polyketides, terpenoids,
flavonoids, coumarins, xanthones, semiquinones, peptides, and phenolic acids have been identified as
natural antioxidants produced by these micro-organisms.

Methods:

A detailed review of the literature published recently was undertaken using bibliographic
database like Sci-finder and Google scholar. Questions to be reviewed and criteria for selection as a part
of the study were fixed. The key features like information on the structure of isolated metabolites and
antioxidant activities were summarised after a critical examination. A skeleton was established which
gives insight into the type of novel chemical moieties which can be explored as a future antioxidant (s).

Results:

The review substantially covers the recently discovered compounds, in the period 2013 – 2018,
having potent antioxidant activity, isolated from endophytic fungi colonizing diverse plant types such as
terrestrial plants, mangrove plants and marine algae. Among the 96 compounds discussed here, thirtynine
are from the first report of their occurrence. The present study reports 96 compounds obtained from
34 endophytic fungi out of which 15 fungi belonging to 13 genera of Ascomycetes produced 44 compounds,
14 fungi belonging to 5 genera of hyphomycetes yielded 33 compounds and 6 fungi belonging
to 2 genera of Coelomycetes yielded 19 compounds.

:

The antioxidant potency of these compounds against different free radicals is briefly described and some
details such as host organisms, plant sources, place of collection and the antioxidant properties of these
compounds are tabulated in this review.

Conclusion:

Some of these free radical scavengers have shown wide applications in the food and pharmaceutical
industry as potential food preservatives, nutraceuticals, antibacterial, anticancer and antifungal
agents. This review aims at highlighting some of the novel compounds isolated recently from endophytic
fungi, and their applications as potential antioxidant candidates.
Aqueous Extract of Matricaria pubescens Exhibits Antihypertensive Activity in L-NAME-induced Hypertensive Rats through its Vasorelaxant Effect
Authors: Amssayef Ayoub , Eddouks Mohamed
Published: October 2019

Background:

Matricaria pubescens is a medicinal plant from North Africa. This plant is
widely used in alternative medicine as a remedy against rheumatism, inflammation, diabetes and hypertension.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible antihypertensive and vasodilator activity of
the aqueous extract of Matricaria pubescens (M. pubescens).

Material and Methods:

In the current study, the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of M. pubescens
(AEMP) was prepared and its antihypertensive activity was examined in N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl
ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats.

Results:

The results indicated that AEMP reduced the systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure
in hypertensive rats but not in normotensive rats. The data revealed that AEMP exhibits its antihypertensive
effect through vasorelaxant activity. More interestingly, this study approved that the vasorelaxant
capacity of AEMP seems to be mediated through vascular cyclooxygenase pathway, the
opening of K+ channels and sGC-cGMP induction pathway.

Conclusion:

The study illustrates the beneficial action of M. pubescens as an antihypertensive agent.
Mechanism Underlying the Formation of a Cluster of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Kseneva Svetlana Igorevna , Borodulina Elena Valentinovna , Udut Vladimir Vasilievich , Fisenko Vladimir Petrovich
Published: October 2019

Background:

The concept of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a cluster of risk factors of type
2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases has undergone some evolutionary transformations over the past
years. Integrating the autonomic dysfunction into the pathogenesis of MetS creates the possibility of
including a range of nosologies affecting treatment and clinical manifestations of pathologies belonging
to MetS into the MetS cluster. The purpose of this work is to determine the involvement of autonomic
dysfunction in the pathogenesis of associated pathological conditions in patients and MetS.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 158 patients with metabolic
syndrome. The patients underwent a physical examination, including BMI; a blood chemistry test with
the determination of the hormonal status (insulin, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone); a 24-hour monitoring
of blood pressure (BP); an assessment of heart rate variability; studies showing the presence of
gastric reflux (рН-measurement) or its damaging impact (endoscopy); men were tested with the IPSSQOL
questionnaire and underwent transrectal ultrasound of the prostate and ultrasound of the bladder.

Results:

It is revealed that because of MetS, the occurrence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy reaches
37.5%. Some features of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with MetS are shown. Regurgitation
prevails in the structure of complaints. In case of fibrogastroduodenoscopy, an endoscopynegative
form of the disease occurs in 38%. According to the data of daily pH-measurement, when
DeMeester score is high, in the supine position, 25% of the time accounts for alkaline reflux (рН > 7).
It is found out that young men experience the enlargement of prostate volume and size; according to
the IPSS questionnaire, the scores correspond to the initial manifestations of hyperplastic diseases of
the prostate gland due to insulin resistance and normal level of androgens.

Conclusions:

The paper demonstrates that the autonomic dysfunction of the nervous system (on a par
with insulin resistance) is the main link in the development of MetS. This provides the basis for including
the mentioned states – cardiac autonomic neuropathy, lower urinary tract symptoms, and gastroesophageal
reflux disease – into the MetS cluster..
Preparation and Characterization of CuO/ZnO/PVDF/PAN Nanofiber Composites by Bubble-electrospinning
Authors: Wei Fang , Ling Liu , Lan Xu
Published: October 2019

Background:

Nanocomposites loaded with metal oxides, such as CuO and ZnO, have excellent
optical, electrical, mechanical and chemical properties, which result in their great potential applications
in optoelectronic devices, sensors, photocatalysts and other fields. Especially, electrospun metal-
oxide-loaded nanofibers have attracted much attention in many fields. However, the single-needle
Electrospinning (ES) inhibits the industrial application of these electrospun nanofiber composites.
Bubble-Electrospinning (BE) is an effective free surface ES for mass production of nanofiber membranes
loaded with metal oxide. Few relevant patents to the topic have been reviewed and introduced.

Methods:

The BE was used to prepare mass production of Cu(Ac)2 /Zn(Ac)2/ PVDF/ PAN Composite
Nanofiber Membranes (CNFMs). Then PVDF/PAN CNFMs containing CuO and ZnO nanocrystals
were obtained by heat-treatment. Finally, CuO nanosheets and ZnO nanorods were successfully grown
on the surface of PVDF/PAN CNFMs using hydrothermal method. In addition, the morphology and
crystal structure of CNFMs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray
Powder Diffractometer (XRD).

Results:

The morphology and crystal structure of the samples were characterized by SEM and XRD.
The results showed the heat treatment temperature of 150oC and the hydrothermal temperature of
150oC were the optimal process parameters for the fabrication of PVDF/PAN CNFMs loaded with
CuO and ZnO nanocrystals, and a higher heat treatment temperature results in higher crystallinity of
ZnO and CuO.

Conclusion:

CuO/ZnO/PVDF/PAN CNFMs were successfully prepared by a combination of BE, heattreatment
and hydrothermal method. The ZnO/CuO beads obtained by heat treatment is the key point
of growing ZnO/CuO nanocrystals, and the growth temperature has great effect on the morphology of
ZnO/CuO nanocrystals.
Bubble Electrospinning and Bubble-Spun Nanofibers
Authors: Wan Lynn Y.
Published: October 2019

Electrospinning is a highly efficient technology for fabrication of a wide variety of polymeric
nanofibers. However, the development of traditional needle-based electrospinning has been hampered
by its low productivity and need of tedious work dealing with needles cleaning, installation and
uninstallation. As one of the most promising needleless electrospinning means, bubble electrospinning
is known for its advantages of high productivity and relatively low energy consumption due to the introduction
of a third force, air flow, as a major force overcoming the surface tension. In this paper, the
restrictions of conventional electrospinning and the advantages of needleless electrospinning, especially
the bubble electrospinning were elaborated. Reports and patents on bubble-spun nanofibers with
unique surface morphologies were also reviewed in respect of their potential applications.
Graphene-based Nanomaterials for Fabrication of ‘Pesticide’ Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Singh Manorama , Bhardiya Smita R. , Verma Fooleswar , Rai Vijai K. , Rai Ankita
Published: October 2019

At present, graphene is one of the most up-to-date materials and it can be applied for various
energy conversion devices and sensor technology. In this review article, our main focus is to
summarize the role of graphene and its modified surface leading to develop hybrid nanomaterials and
its applications in fabrication of pesticide sensor. Graphene based materials demonstrate exclusive
electrochemical and optical properties as well as compatibility to absorb a variety of bio-molecules
through π-π stacking interaction and/or electrostatics interaction, which make them ideal material to
be employed in sensor application. The role of graphene is very crucial in preparing different unique
and desirable hybrid functional composites along with nanoparticles, redox mediators, conducting
polymers etc. to improve the performance of the sensors. Therefore, they can be easily used as a suitable
material applying in fabrication of electrochemical sensors/ biosensors for the detection of organophosphorous
and carbamate pesticides. A number of most recent reported works were discussed
in which graphene-based hybrid composites show high sensitivity, good catalytic activity, selectivity
towards the determination of pesticide either enzymatically or nonenzymatically. The properties of
graphene (exceptional charge transport, thermal, optical, mechanical, high surface area, large pore
volume and size, an opened ordered structure) play an important role in pesticide detection.
DESAFIOS DA PESQUISA INTERDISCIPLINAR: AS CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS COMO INSTRUMENTOS DE “VIGILÂNCIA EPISTEMOLÓGICA” NO CAMPO DOS ESTUDOS SOCIOJURÍDICOS
Authors: Villas Bôas Filho Orlando
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem o intuito de ressaltar a importância da pesquisa interdisciplinar para a compreensão da regulação jurídica em um contexto social hipercomplexo. Para tanto, em primeiro lugar, analisa as dificuldades e os desafios ínsitos ao desenvolvimento da interdisciplinaridade. Em seguida, propõe que os “estudos sociojurídicos” sejam definidos como um campo interdisciplinar em que contribuições provenientes das mais diversas áreas das ciências sociais podem ser apropriadas pelos juristas para a elaboração de análises mais consequentes. Contudo, considerando a especificidade assumida pelos aportes teóricos de outras disciplinas no campo dos “estudos sociojurídicos”, propõe que as ciências sociais sejam entendidas, sobretudo, como instrumentos de “vigilância epistemológica” no âmbito desses estudos.
A QUALIDADE DO GASTO TRIBUTÁRIO E A UTILIZAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS DE RENÚNCIA FISCAL NA CULTURA
Authors: Pimentel Cacia Campos
Published: October 2019

O artigo pretende explicar o mecanismo de financiamento das políticas públicas de renúncia fiscal no Brasil. Objetiva verificar a qualidade do gasto público e a efetividade da utilização dessas políticas, sob a ótica do Direito Constitucional Econômico, para permitir ajustes na alocação dos recursos públicos. Na Parte I, o estudo busca compreender o enquadramento legal da renúncia fiscal como instrumento de fomento ao dinamismo econômico para a diminuição das desigualdades, desde que integrada corretamente no orçamento fiscal, para melhor efetividade dos gastos e consecução dos seus objetivos.  Demonstra, ainda, a divergência conceitual da legislação pátria em comparação com o entendimento adotado por organismos públicos nacionais e internacionais. Na Parte II, o estudo apresenta uma breve exegese dos pensamentos liberal e desenvolvimentista sobre o tema, para que a justaposição dessas correntes auxilie na demonstração das falhas nos gastos tributários e da evolução das políticas públicas. A Parte III, com foco no setor da Cultura, aborda a análise das prestações de contas e da utilização dos recursos públicos com base na Lei Rouanet. Os dados permitem afirmar que os objetivos constitucionais da política de renúncia fiscal não estão sendo alcançados. Como conclusão, o estudo apresenta sugestões. Para que haja uma eficiente alocação dos recursos públicos, a renúncia fiscal precisa ser considerada como mecanismo excepcional e temporário para corrigir distorções econômicas e sociais regionalizadas. Assim, deve-se evitar que haja uma centralização dos recursos públicos onde há dinamismo econômico, em favor de outras regiões que ainda não apresentam desenvolvimento econômico significativo.
UM ESTUDO HISTÓRICO-INSTITUCIONAL DO PROGRAMA TERRA LEGAL DE REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Outeiro Gabriel Moraes
Published: October 2019

O aumento da informalidade em assentamentos urbanos tem tornado a regularização fundiária uma questão fundamental nas cidades brasileiras. Na Amazônia, devido ao seu processo histórico de ocupação, que produziu desigualdade social, este é um assunto ainda mais relevante, o que levou à formulação do Programa Terra Legal de regularização fundiária urbana, com vistas à garantia do direito fundamental à moradia, garantido constitucionalmente. Este estudo tem por escopo analisar o Programa Terra Legal, sob o arcabouço teórico do neoinstitucionalismo. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, que se utilizou de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Como principal resultado, constatou-se que o Programa Terra Legal se caracteriza mais como um ajuste incremental dentro da mesma trajetória de exclusão socioespacial, com efeitos limitados rumo à democratização do acesso ao solo.
E-Learning to Improve Suicide Prevention Practice Skills Among Undergraduate Psychology Students: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kullberg Marie-Louise J , Mouthaan Joanne , Schoorl Maartje , de Beurs Derek , Kenter Robin Maria Francisca , Kerkhof Ad JFM
Published: October 2019

Background

Despite increasing evidence of the effectiveness of digital learning solutions in higher vocational education, including the training of allied health professionals, the impact of Web-based training on the development of practical skills in psychiatry and psychology, in general, and in suicide prevention, specifically, remains largely understudied.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an electronic learning (e-learning) module on the adherence to suicide prevention guidelines, knowledge of practical skills, and provider’s confidence to have a conversation about suicidal behavior with undergraduate psychology students.

Methods

The e-learning module, comprising video recordings of therapist-patient interactions, was designed with the aim of transferring knowledge about suicide prevention guideline recommendations. The program’s effects on guideline adherence, self-evaluated knowledge, and provider’s confidence were assessed using online questionnaires before the program (baseline and at 1 month [T1] and 3 months after baseline). The eligible third- and fourth-year undergraduate psychology students were randomly allocated to the e-learning (n=211) or to a waitlist control condition (n=187), with access to the intervention after T1.

Results

Overall, the students evaluated e-learning in a fairly positive manner. The intention-to-treat analysis showed that the students in the intervention condition (n=211) reported higher levels of self-evaluated knowledge, provider’s confidence, and guideline adherence than those in the waitlist control condition (n=187) after receiving the e-learning module (all P values<.001). When comparing the scores at the 1- and 3-month follow-up, after both groups had received access to the e-learning module, the completers-only analysis showed that the levels of knowledge, guideline adherence, and confidence remained constant (all P values>.05) within the intervention group, whereas a significant improvement was observed in the waitlist control group (all P values<.05).

Conclusions

An e-learning intervention on suicide prevention could be an effective first step toward improved knowledge of clinical skills. The learning outcomes of a stand-alone module were found to be similar to those of a training that combined e-learning with a face-to-face training, with the advantages of flexibility and low costs.
Primary Care Doctor Characteristics That Determine the Use of Teleconsultations in the Catalan Public Health System: Retrospective Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fernández Oscar Solans , Seguí Francesc López , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Bonet Simo Josep Maria , Vian Oscar Hernandez , Cabo Pascual Roig , Hernandez Marta Carrasco , Dominguez Carmen Olmos , Reig Xavier Alzaga , Rodríguez Yesika Díaz , Peralta Manuel Medina , Hermosilla Eduardo , León Nuria Martínez , Guimferrer Nuria , González Mercedes Abizanda , Cuyàs Francesc García , Sust Pol Pérez
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

eConsulta is a tele-consultation service involving doctors and patients, and is part of Catalonia's public health information technology system. The service has been in operation since the end of 2015 as an adjunct to face-to-face consultations. A key factor in understanding the barriers and facilitators to the acceptance of the tool is understanding the sociodemographic characteristics of general practitioners who determine its use.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic factors that affect the likelihood of doctors using eConsulta.

METHODS

A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of administrative data was used to perform a multivariate logistic regression analysis on the use of eConsulta in relation to sociodemographic variables.

RESULTS

The model shows that the doctors who use eConsulta are 45-54 years of age, score higher than the 80th percentile on the quality of care index, have a high degree of accessibility, are involved in teaching, and work on a health team in a high socioeconomic urban setting.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggest that certain sociodemographic characteristics associated with general practitioners determine whether they use eConsulta. These results must be taken into account if its deployment is to be encouraged in the context of a public health system.
Admissions to a Low-Resource Neonatal Unit in Malawi Using a Mobile App: Digital Perinatal Outcome Audit (Preprint)
Authors: Crehan Caroline , Kesler Erin , Chikomoni Indira Angela , Sun Kristi , Dube Queen , Lakhanpaul Monica , Heys Michelle
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) is showing increasing potential to address health outcomes in underresourced settings as smartphone coverage increases. The NeoTree is an mHealth app codeveloped in Malawi to improve the quality of newborn care at the point of admission to neonatal units. When collecting vital demographic and clinical data, this interactive platform provides clinical decision support and training for the end users (health care professionals [HCPs]), according to evidence-based national and international guidelines.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine 1 month’s data collected using NeoTree in an outcome audit of babies admitted to a district-level neonatal nursery in Malawi and to demonstrate proof of concept of digital outcome audit data in this setting.

METHODS

Using a phased approach over 1 month (November 21-December 19, 2016), frontline HCPs were trained and supported to use NeoTree to admit newborns. Discharge data were collected by the research team using a discharge form within NeoTree, called NeoDischarge. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the exported pseudoanonymized data and presented it to the newborn care department as a digital outcome audit.

RESULTS

Of 191 total admissions, 134 (70.2%) admissions were completed using NeoTree, and 129 (67.5%) were exported and analyzed. Of 121 patients for whom outcome data were available, 102 (84.3%) were discharged alive. The overall case fatality rate was 93 per 1000 admitted babies. Prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome, birth asphyxia, and neonatal sepsis contributed to 25% (3/12), 58% (7/12), and 8% (1/12) of deaths, respectively. Data were more than 90% complete for all fields. Deaths may have been underreported because of phased implementation and some families of babies with imminent deaths self-discharging home. Detailed characterization of the data enabled departmental discussion of modifiable factors for quality improvement, for example, improved thermoregulation of infants.

CONCLUSIONS

This digital outcome audit demonstrates that data can be captured digitally at the bedside by HCPs in underresourced newborn facilities, and these data can contribute to a meaningful review of the quality of care, outcomes, and potential modifiable factors. Coverage may be improved during future implementation by streamlining the admission process to be solely via digital format. Our results present a new methodology for newborn audits in low-resource settings and are a proof of concept for a novel newborn data system in these settings.
Smartphone-Based Interventions and Internalizing Disorders in Youth: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Buttazzoni Adrian , Brar Keshbir , Minaker Leia
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Mental health disorders in youth are a global issue that have important implications for the future quality of life and morbidity of affected individuals. In the context of public health initiatives, smartphone-based interventions have been suggested to hold the potential to be an effective strategy to reduce the symptoms of mental health disorders in youth; however, further evaluation is needed to confirm their effectiveness. This systematic review and meta-analysis documents and synthesizes existing research on smartphone-based interventions targeting internalizing disorders in youth populations.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to synthesize existing research on smartphone-based interventions targeting internalizing disorders in youth populations.

METHODS

PubMed and SCOPUS were searched in 2019, and 4334 potentially relevant articles were found. A total of 12 studies were included in the final synthesis. We used the Hedges g meta-analysis approach and a random effects model for analysis.

RESULTS

The results of this review note that depression and anxiety are the most commonly targeted symptoms, and unlike other similar topics, most studies reviewed were linked to a proven treatment. The overall pooled effect from the meta-analysis showed small but significant effects (κ=12; N=1370; Hedges g=0.20; 95% CI 0.02-0.38) for interventions in reducing the symptoms of internalizing disorders. In total, 4 subgroup analyses examining specific symptoms and intervention styles found varied small significant and nonsignificant effects.

CONCLUSIONS

Future research should focus on developing robust evaluative frameworks and examining interventions among more diverse populations and settings. More robust research is needed before smartphone-based interventions are scaled up and used at the population level to address youth internalizing disorders.
Augmenting Critical Care Patient Monitoring Using Wearable Technology: Review of Usability and Human Factors (Preprint)
Authors: Andrade Evismar , Quinlan Leo , Harte Richard , Byrne Dara , Fallon Enda , Kelly Martina , Casey Siobhan , Kirrane Frank , O'Connor Paul , O'Hora Denis , Scully Michael , Laffey John , Pladys Patrick , Beuchée Alain , ÓLaighin Gearoid
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Continuous monitoring of the vital signs of critical care patients is an essential component of critical care medicine. For this task, clinicians use a patient monitor (PM), which conveys patient vital sign data through a screen and an auditory alarm system. Some limitations with PMs have been identified in the literature, such as the need for visual contact with the PM screen, which could result in reduced focus on the patient in specific scenarios, and the amount of noise generated by the PM alarm system. With the advancement of material science and electronic technology, wearable devices have emerged as a potential solution for these problems. This review presents the findings of several studies that focused on the usability and human factors of wearable devices designed for use in critical care patient monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to review the current state of the art in wearable devices intended for use by clinicians to monitor vital signs of critical care patients in hospital settings, with a focus on the usability and human factors of the devices.

METHODS

A comprehensive literature search of relevant databases was conducted, and 20 studies were identified and critically reviewed by the authors.

RESULTS

We identified 3 types of wearable devices: tactile, head-mounted, and smartwatch displays. In most cases, these devices were intended for use by anesthesiologists, but nurses and surgeons were also identified as potentially important users of wearable technology in critical care medicine. Although the studies investigating tactile displays revealed their potential to improve clinical monitoring, usability problems related to comfort need to be overcome before they can be considered suitable for use in clinical practice. Only a few studies investigated the usability and human factors of tactile displays by conducting user testing involving critical care professionals. The studies of head-mounted displays (HMDs) revealed that these devices could be useful in critical care medicine, particularly from an ergonomics point of view. By reducing the amount of time the user spends averting their gaze from the patient to a separate screen, HMDs enable clinicians to improve their patient focus and reduce the potential of repetitive strain injury.

CONCLUSIONS

Researchers and designers of new wearable devices for use in critical care medicine should strive to achieve not only enhanced performance but also enhanced user experience for their users, especially in terms of comfort and ease of use. These aspects of wearable displays must be extensively tested with the intended end users in a setting that properly reflects the intended context of use before their adoption can be considered in clinical settings.
Improving Calcium Knowledge and Intake in Young Adults Via Social Media and Text Messages: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Rouf Anika , Nour Monica , Allman-Farinelli Margaret
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Calcium is an important nutrient for the attainment of peak bone mass during adolescence and young adulthood. However, these life phases are characterized as hard to reach for health promotion. Social media platforms offer a promising channel as they are relatively low cost but used ubiquitously by youth.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the CAlcium Nutrition-Dietary Opportunities (CAN-DO) study was to conduct a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of Facebook alone or with text messaging as channels to deliver a theory-based program to encourage optimal calcium intake.

METHODS

The intervention was a 3-arm parallel trial. Young adults aged 18 to 25 years were recruited through university and social media for a 6-week trial. Participants were randomized to 1 of the 3 arms (ie, Facebook posts, Facebook posts plus text messages, and control group that received an electronic leaflet containing information on calcium intake). The primary outcome was change in intake of milk and other calcium-rich foods, and secondary outcomes were knowledge, self-efficacy, motivation, and habit formation concerning calcium-rich foods. Changes were assessed before and after the intervention, and the differences in change between groups were compared using multivariate regression models with multiple imputations for missing data.

RESULTS

A total of 211 participants (64/211, 30.3% males) participated (mean age 21.4 years, SD 2.1) in this study. At the end of the program, no increase in milk intake (odds ratio [OR] 1.51, 95% CI 0.61-3.75 Facebook; OR 1.77, 95% CI 0.74-4.24 Facebook plus text messages; P=.41) nor calcium-rich food was detected (P=.57). There was a significant improvement in knowledge in the Facebook plus text messages group (P<.001), but habit formation improved less than that in the other 2 groups (P=.01). Our results showed a moderate level of engagement with intervention content and positive qualitative feedback from participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The CAN-DO study delivered via Facebook (with the additional support of text messages) was found to improve knowledge and was acceptable among young adults. However, further research is needed to better understand social media engagement and how to optimize the program for participants to be sufficiently motivated to increase their intake of calcium-rich foods.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000097943; http://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000097943.aspx
Asupan zat gizi makro dan kenaikan berat badan selama hamil terhadap luaran kehamilan
Authors: Fitri Imelda , Wiji Rizki Natia
Published: October 2019

Background: Based on neonatal nursing installation data at Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital in Riau Province, newborns with low birth weight have always been the highest cases.Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of macronutrient status (carbohydrate, protein, fat) and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes.Method: The design used in this study was case-control. The study sample was 74 respondents, the case group was 37 mothers with babies born with low birth weight and the control group was 37 mothers with babies born with normal birth weight. Macronutrient intake was collected with a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed by using the Chi-Square test (p<0,05).Results: Intake of low carbohydrate has 3 times risk for low birth weight (OR=3.46; 95%CI:1.25-9.47), intake of low fat has 5 times risk for low birth weight (OR=5.11; 95%CI:1.88-13.93), and intake of low protein has a 12 times risk for low birth weight (OR=12.21; 95%CI:3,97-37,94). A gestational weight gain is not following the IOM recommendations increased the risk of giving birth to a low weight baby (OR=3,96; 95%CI:1,49-10,53).Conclusion: Pregnant women with a low intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and weight gain are not following the recommended increased the risk of giving birth to a low weight baby.
La nulidad como un medio de tutela precontractual en el código civil chileno:
Authors: López Díaz Patricia Verónica
Published: October 2019

The possibility of conceiving the nullity as a pre-contractual remedy in Chilean Civil Code exploring its relationship with termination, analyzing it´s articulation and exercise modality and explores its possible confluence with the resolution for non-compliance with the purpose of illustrating to the creditor the pertinence and convenience to choose it and determine if provides a symmetrical protection than the resolution.
Los territorios de la formación para la investigación en biología
Authors: Flores Miriam-Liset , Bar Aníbal-Roque
Published: October 2019

A través de una metodología de estudios de casos, nos propusimos reconstruir las distintas praxis que se expresan en los diferentes territorios formativos en biología, haciendo foco en la dimensión epistemológica de la disciplina. Como resultado reconocemos cuatro territorios: campo, laboratorio, escritorio y jornadas científicas. En los dos primeros se propicia la aproximación al objeto real y en los últimos se reconstruye al objeto de manera discursiva. Se advierte una dinámica dialéctica entre los territorios, evidenciando la recursividad del proceso de investigación más allá del discurso disciplinar presentado como neutro y lineal.
Government Cooperation in Malang City and Malang Regency Government in Management Water Resources Wendit
Authors: Eka Elly , Syafrieyana Yana , Kamil Muhammad
Published: October 2019

The increase in population is 0.9% each year. It affects the amount of water demand in Malang City. From 2014 to 2016 the water demand in Malang City reached 30,364,684m³. This is a balanced water source production in Malang City, which is around 11.7% of the total water source in the Greater Malang region. Therefore, cooperation between a cooperation agreement from 2002 to 2022. The cooperation between Malang Regency Government and Malang City Government. The research method used for Wendit Resources and the problems is a descriptive approach to the management of Wendit Resources. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used is Intergovernmental Networks Robert Agranoff which emphasizes the existence of key actors and joint actions in implementing cooperation. The results of the study show that there are action networks in the implementation of cooperation and management of Wendit Resources. Malang Regency Government as a water source provider and Malang City Government utilizes and manages the water source to meet water needs in Malang City. The problem in cooperation is the existence of disputes over the cost of contributions between the two regions and less intense coordination between the two regions.
Actualization of Human Rights Values Through Bureaucratic Reform Towards Justice Bureaucratic Governance
Authors: Edy Nurul
Published: October 2019

Before entering the reform era, bureaucratic governance in Indonesia was characterized by the practice of collusion and nepotism in which the bureaucracy could not carry out its duties and obligations professionally and they could not achieve their careers fairly and sustainably. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. In terms of data collection used, namely library research in the form of journals, books, and the Internet Therefore, the aim of bureaucratic reform is to realize fair bureaucratic governance in which bureaucratic apparatus can carry out their duties and obligations professionally and the bureaucracy can reach career paths as a state apparatus fairly and professionally. So far, bureaucratic reform has not yet reached its objectives, where bureaucratic governance, especially in the context of promotion of the position of state civil apparatus (ASN), is still colored by the practice of collusion and nepotism caused by high political intervention in ASN promotion. Regional autonomy and regional head elections are wrong which causes bureaucratic reform to not work effectively. The regional head who is the result of the regional election places ASN in the strategic position of regional apparatus according to their political interests, not based on the potential possessed by the ASN. For this reason, the design of bureaucratic reforms needs to be reorganized so that the gap of political intervention in bureaucratic governance can be minimized in order to realize a professional bureaucracy.
Keywords: Bureaucracy, Bureaucratic Reform, Human Rights
Management of Small-Sustainable Coastal and Island Areas Based on Collaborative Management (Case Study in Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara)
Authors: Haeril Haeril , Purnomo Eko Priyo
Published: October 2019

Given the rare terrain of land resources, the primary targets of Indonesia's economic development will be based on coastal zones and small islands and their sources. If not supported by the implementation of appropriate management policies, it can reduce the ability of coastal and small island ecosystems in the provision of sustainable natural resources. This research was conducted in Bima regency of West Nusa Tenggara aims to find out collaborative management in the effort of sustainable management of natural resources of the coastal area and small islands. Data collection is done through observation, interview, and questionnaire distribution. Involve 100 respondents consisting of, Head of Marine and Fishery, Head of Environment Agency, Head of Tourism Office, Community Monitoring Group, Non-Governmental Organization, and Environmental Community, and coastal community of districts Sape, Bolo, Lambu, Langgudu, and Wera. The result showed the implementation of collaborative management in the management of natural resources of coastal areas and small islands in a district of Bima has not active conducted when viewed from the achievements and respondents assessment based on the index scale of 1 to 5 on the indicators of the collaborative implementation management and sustainable development goals. Where the average value of collaborative management is only 3.25 or with enough category, also so in the implementation of sustainable development goals found the average value of the index of 3.32 even with enough class.
Keyword: Sustainable development, collaborative management, coastal area and small islands, Bima Regency West Nusa Tenggara.
Human Resources Planning of Government Apparatus in Special Region of Yogyakarta in 2017
Authors: Rahayu Riska , Atmojo Muhammad Eko
Published: October 2019

Human resources planning apparatus is a system of development of human resource management. With the existence of good planning in managing the human resources of an agency, the expectation is to achieve the goals of the organization/institution with various planned strategies. The Regional Staffing Agency (BKD) of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) collaborates between national policies and regional policies, especially in staffing affairs if there is a connection with the DIY Specialties business as one of the strategies in addressing the problems between the two. In this study used a qualitative descriptive method. Collection through interviews and data analysis in the form of documents. In this study, the authors explain about the human resource planning apparatus carried out by the Regional Government of DIY in 2017. The result of this research is that The Regional Staffing Agency of DIY  in fulfilling needs, especially in staffing affairs has been well prepared and with a fairly fast process. When an organization requires new employees to complete the government organization, BKD DIY will respond and of course with consideration of employees who are good enough from the aspect of ability and qualifications of employees who are in accordance with the organization or agency need.Keywords: Human Resources Planning, Human Resources Management, Staffing Agency.
Maíz, alimentación y productividad: modelo tecnológico para productores de temporal de México
Authors: Damián-Huato Miguel A. , Cruz-Leon Artemio , Ramirez-Valverde Benito , Romero-Arenas Omar , Moreno-Limón Sergio , Reyes-Muro Luis
Published: October 2019

La alimentación es un derecho humano y se consigue cuando hay seguridad alimentaria familiar (SAF). En México, el cultivo de maíz es crucial para la SAF pero se requiere incrementar su productividad. Se expone el método productor-innovador (MP-I) para reducir la brecha tecnológica en el manejo de maíz y lograr la SAF de los maiceros de temporal. El MP-I se validó con productores de Cohetzala, Puebla y consta de cuatro momentos: cálculo del índice de seguridad alimentaria (ISA), aplicación de una encuesta, evaluación del Ãndice de Apropiación de Tecnologías Radicales (IATR) y el Grado de Empleo de Tecnologías Progresivas (GETP), e identificación de maiceros de altos rendimientos y de su patrón tecnológico. Se halló que 15% de los maiceros poseen SAF; en el manejo de maíz se aplicaron innovaciones radicales y progresivas, prevaleciendo las segundas; no hay relación directa entre el IATR y rendimientos, pero sí entre éstos y el GETP; 19 % de los maiceros fueron de altos rendimientos, y si se transfiere su patrón tecnológico podrían incrementar los rendimientos 91 % para productores de baja y 24 % para los de media productividad y la SAF se incrementaría 14 %.
Cocoa Production as Affected by Shade Tree Species and Soil Quality
Authors: Yulianti Tria , Abdoellah Soetanto , Suprayogo Didik , Puspita Sari Niken
Published: October 2019

Cocoa is one of the agricultural commodities that have important role and are reliable in realizing agricultural development program of Indonesia. The cocoaproduction of Indonesia tends to decrease that caused by in appropriate farming. This research aimed to evaluate the shade management to cocoa productivity and evaluating the correlation between soil quality and the cocoa production with the different shade management. This research was conducted from October 2016 until June 2017 in Kaliwining Experimental Station and Soil Laboratory of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), Jember, Indonesia. Clones at the trial plots were Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2, 10 years old, and arranged in 3 m x 3 m spacing. The design of this research was conducted by observing parameters of sample trees on cocoa field. This research used three observation plots, with shade trees of leucaena (Leucaena sp.), teak (Tectona grandis), and teak combined with krete (Cassia surithensis) shade. The results indicated that shade species affected the cocoa production. Teak shade gave higher production of cocoa (i.e 3,01 kg.tree-1) compared to other species of shade (1.83 and 1.39 kg.tree-1 for leucaena and teak and krete combination, respectively). The correlation of soil quality with cocoa production showed that soil calcium content, earthworm biomass and soil bulk density were positively correlated with the production of cocoa. Shade species greatly affected the production in combination with the soil quality.
Liberation of Protein and Antioxidative Compound from Spent Coffee Ground Through Protein Hydrolysis
Authors: Febrianto Noor Ariefandie
Published: October 2019

Spent coffee ground is a primary by-product obtained during soluble coffee processing and potential to be used as a high value product due to its proteincontent. The quite popular effort to utilize protein-contained material is to process it to hydrolysate which also possess antioxidant activity. This research was aimed to study the possibility of protein and antioxidative compound from spent coffee ground by means of enzymatic hydrolysis using crude papain enzymes. Crude papain was used in different concentration ranged from 2, 4 and 6% to incubate the spent coffee grounds for 2, 3, and 4 hours and then analyzed for its protein content and its antioxidant activity. Response surface methodology was employed to study the tendency of the effect of incubation time and enzymesconcentration towards hydrolysis results. The result showed that the use of crude papain was effective to liberate the protein and antioxidant compound from the spent coffee ground with its optimum condition utilized 6% of enzyme and 2 hours incubation time. At mentioned condition, it could extract up to 67.4% ofthe protein of the spent coffee ground and its hydrolysate possessed relatively high antioxidant activity.
An Inventory of bryophte dsitribution on cocoa estates in Indoensia
Authors: Zaenudin Zaenudin
Published: October 2019

Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana permasalahan lumut pada perkebunan kakao di Indonesia, telah dilakukan surval melalui daftar isian yang dikirim ke perusahaan-perusahaan milik negara. Survai dimaksudkan untuk menghimpun masukan tentang intensitas pertumbuhan dan sebaran lumut pada kakao di berbagai wilayah serta menghimpun pendapat para pekebun terhadap permasalahan lumut tersebut.

Dari jawaban yang masuk, ternyata 81,11% diantaranya menyatakan ada masalah lumut, baik pada kebun yang telah berumur lebih dari 10 tahun maupun yang kurang dari 10 tahun. Kebun-kebun yang menghadapi masalah lumut berasal dari Jawa Timur, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Sumatera Utara.

Sebagian besar jawaban masuk (83.3%) menyatakan bahwa lumut merugikan terhadap tanaman kakao, antara lain karena menutup bantalan bunga dan membantu perkembangan penyakit. Meskipun demikian hanya 60% jawaban yang menyatakan pernah melakukan pengendalian lumut dan 90% diantaranya menyatakan masih mengalami kesulitan.
Turning design optimation for bulk cocoa fermentation process
Authors: Yusianto Yusianto
Published: October 2019

Pengadukan selama fermentasi diperlukan untuk sarana aerasi, mencegah pertumbuhan jamur dan meratakan proses fermentasi. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa 1, 2, 3, atau 4 kali pengadukan menghasilkan mutu biji kakao yang tidak berbeda nyata. Namun demikian, setelah dipertimbangkan dari beberapa aspek maka disimpulkan bahwa sekali pengadukan setelah 2 hari atau 3 hari fermentasi adalah yang terbaik dan efisien.
Open quantum systems are harder to track than open classical systems
Authors: Warszawski Prahlad , Wiseman Howard M.
Published: October 2019

For a Markovian (in the strongest sense) open quantum system it is possible, by continuously monitoring the environment, to perfectly track the system; that is, to know the stochastically evolving pure state of the system without altering the master equation. In general, even for a system with a finite Hilbert space dimension D, the pure state trajectory will explore an infinite number of points in Hilbert space, meaning that the dimension K of the classical memory required for the tracking is infinite. However, Karasik and Wiseman [Phys. Rev. Lett., 106(2):020406, 2011] showed that tracking of a qubit (D=2) is always possible with a bit (K=2), and gave a heuristic argument implying that a finite K should be sufficient for any D, although beyond D=2 it would be necessary to have K>D. Our paper is concerned with rigorously investigating the relationship between D and Kmin, the smallest feasible K. We confirm the long-standing conjecture of Karasik and Wiseman that, for generic systems with D>2, Kmin>D, by a computational proof (via Hilbert Nullstellensatz certificates of infeasibility). That is, beyond D=2, D-dimensional open quantum systems are provably harder to track than D-dimensional open classical systems. We stress that this result allows complete freedom in choice of monitoring scheme, including adaptive monitoring which is, in general, necessary to implement a physically realizable ensemble (as it is known) of just K pure states. Moreover, we develop, and better justify, a new heuristic to guide our expectation of Kmin as a function of D, taking into account the number L of Lindblad operators as well as symmetries in the problem. The use of invariant subspace and Wigner symmetries (that we recently introduced elsewhere, [New J. Phys. https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab14b2]) makes it tractable to conduct a numerical search, using the method of polynomial homotopy continuation, to find finite physically realizable ensembles in D=3. The results of this search support our heuristic. We thus have confidence in the most interesting feature of our heuristic: in the absence of symmetries, Kmin∼D2, implying a quadratic gap between the classical and quantum tracking problems. Explicit adaptive monitoring schemes that realize the discovered finite ensembles are obtained numerically, thus facilitating future experimental investigations.