bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of certain genetic polymorphism in development of sudden cardiac death in the Trans-Baikal Territory
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy, Zaitsev D.N. , Vasilenko P.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Govorin A.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Vasilenko E.A. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Filev A.P. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Mudrov V.A. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Romanyuk S.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Fetisova N.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Taldykina N.S. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Brizhko A.N. ,   Transbaikal Regional Clinical Bureau of Forensic Medicine
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study. To study genetic polymorphisms rs10798 KCNQ1, rs3010396 CASQ2, rs20455 KIF6, rs2298566 SNX19, rs12143842 NOS1AP of subjects who died due to sudden cardiac death in Trans-Baikal Territory. Material and Methods. Over the period of 2017-2020, a total of 2211 autopsy protocols of subjects who died due to SCD were analysed. Th ese patient constituted the 1st study group (n=113). The control group consisted of healthy volunteers (n=70). The groups were comparable in age and gender. Molecular and genetic typing of the studied genes was performed. Results. The CC genotype of the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3010396 CASQ2 showed statistical signifi cance in comparison with the control group(the chi-squared=26.95, df=2, p=0.001). The TT genotype was predominant in the control group amounting to 60% against 19.5% in the study group. Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2298566 of gene SNX19 was also observed to be of statistical significance in the group of subjects who died from myocardial infarction. In the group of patients with SCD, rs20455 KIF6 and rs12143842 NOS1AP were of signifi cance along with rs3010396 CASQ2. Conclusion. Single-nucleotide polymorphism rs3010396 of the CASQ2 gene can be a predictor of sudden cardiac death, since in the 1st study group with this genotype showed its statistical signifi cance in all nosological groups. However, in the group, in which sudden cardiac death (cases coded I46.1 according to ICD-10) was indicated as the fi nal diagnosis, in addition to their statistical signifi cance single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene KIF6 rs20455, rs12143842 NOS1AP gene were noted; in the group where the cause of death was myocardial infarction, rs2298566 SNX19 gene polymorphism had statistical signifi cance. The results obtained make it possible to consider these polymorphisms as possible predictors of sudden cardiac death in the population of the Trans-Baikal Territory.
Building Positive Society on Leading Program of Nusa Tenggara Barat at Covid-19
Authors: Amy Najamuddin
Published: June 2021

In 2020, elements of a country such as government, society, entrepreneurs have experienceddifficulties due to the effects of the covid-19 virus. The effects of the co-19 pandemic not only attackhealth aspects, but also education, economy, welfare and defense. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat withthe vision of NTB Gemilang has a goal to realize NTB as a pleasant place to live. The goal of NTBGemilang is to create a competent society, tough, virtuous and government bureaucracy oriented topublic services. But, the ideals of NTB Gemilang are constrained by the emergence of a Covid-19pandemic. Over time, covid-19 has begun to be controlled. Health facilities have started to be quiteadequate. Some policies for covid-19 control have been adopted. The government is trying to rebuildpublic expectations of leading programs in order to realize the vision of NTB Gemilang.
VIOLÊNCIA SIMBÓLICA DA POLARIZAÇÃO
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Cláudia Dias , Fonseca Álvaro José da Silva , Silva dos Santos Janete
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo analisam-se efeitos de sentido em torno da polarização político/ideológica, mobilizada como estratégia para descontruir o outro junto à opinião pública. Foca-se a polarização construída em fragmentos discursivos que circulam e se (re)produzem no espaço virtual, com objetivo de compreender como se dá a formulação, a constituição e a circulação dessas discursividades na rede. Nesta investigação são analisados recortes discursivos no espaço digital nos quais o “negro” e o “racismo” apontam para a (não) identificação da posição-sujeito em relação a posição social do enunciador. A análise aponta que os sujeitos são deslocados para posições discursivas num movimento de construção pautado na polarização do debate político em que a subversão do discurso público-institucional provoca efeitos de (não)identificação da posição-sujeito, produzindo um sentido “já lá”. Ou seja, compreende-se que a posição-sujeito-sócio-histórica aponta para uma (não)identificação com a posição-sujeito social do enunciador.
Authors: Sukarsa Sukarsa , Herawati Wiwik
Published: June 2021

Marga Plumeria merupakan anggota dari Famili Apocynaceae dan mempunyai variasi pada setiap jenisnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi karakter morfologi polen marga Plumeria di Wilayah Purwokerto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa morfologi polen  dari 6 sampel yaitu Plumeira rubra, Plumeira rubra f angutifolia, Plumeira rubra f frangifani , Plumeira obtusu, Plumeira  alba dan Plumeira pudica mempunyai kesamaan dalam tipe aperture yaitu tipe tricolpate  dan ornamentasi tipe psilate.Sedangkan Indeks P/E perbandingan rerata ukuran panjang aksis polar (P) dan diameter bidang ekuatorial (E) P. rubra, P. rubra F frangifani dan P obtusus memiliki bentuk serbuk sari tipe Oblate Spheroidal dengan indeks P/E 0.92 – 0.94 sedangkan Plumeira  alba dan Plumeira pudica bentuk serbuk sarinya Suboblate dengan indeks P/E  0.82 – 0,85.
Penanggulangan Terorisme di ASEAN Melalui Our Eyes Initiatives
Authors: Winarto Prisilla Octaviani , Sudirman Arfin
Published: June 2021

Terorisme diketahui sebagai salah satu bentuk kejahatan transnasional, dimana pergerakannya cenderung acak, dan seiring berjalannya waktu terus berkembang melalui perluasan wilayah. Keadaan terorisme yang sudah mulai memasuki kawasan Asia Tenggara, khususnya negara-anggota ASEAN, memberikan keresahan tersendiri. Bahkan, beberapa jaringan-jaringan teroris yang terdapat di beberapa wilayah di negara-anggota ASEAN menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan dengan kelompok terorisme besar lainnya. Beberapa aksi-aksi teror kerap terjadi di negara-anggota ASEAN, ditambah dengan adanya perubahan karakteristik maupun pola terorisme di ASEAN yang semakin mengkhawatirkan. Menyadari hal tersebut, Indonesia, dibawah ASEAN Defense Ministerial Meeting mengusulkan kerja sama keamanan Our Eyes Initiative dengan tujuan agar Our Eyes Initiative dapat mengurangi dan memberantas terorisme di negara-anggota ASEAN. Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji bagaimana cooperative security dapat diterapkan dalam Our Eyes Initiative. Metode kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini guna mengumpulkan data-data yang dapat didapatkan melalui jurnal-jurnal terdahulu, dokumen-dokumen penting maupun wawancara secara langsung.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Our Eyes Intiative dapat dikatakan sebagai cooperative security walaupun hanya terdapat tiga dari empat ring cooperative security yang ada di dalam Our Eyes Initiative, namun  hal tersebut perlu dilihat berdasarkan pengertian dari cooperative security dan fungsi tujuan dari Our Eyes Intiative juga. Our Eyes Initiative dapat memberantas terorisme melalui perlindungan individu masing-masing negara, saling menjaga keamanan masing-masing neagra, dan memberikan kesadaran terhadap aksi teror yang kian meresahkan.
KRITIK SOSIAL PADA KUMPULAN CERPEN MATA YANG ENAK DIPANDANG KARYA AHMAD TOHARI
Authors: Musa Musa , Pujihastuti Etin , Nugroho Bivit Anggoro Prasetyo
Published: June 2021

Karya sastra sastrawan Ahmad Tohari sering berisi kritik sosial pada kehidupan masyarakat, contohnya pada kumpulan cerpennya yang berjudul Mata yang Enak Dipandang. Kritik sosial tersebut mengandung sarana pengungkap masalah-masalah sosial yang sering dijumpainya. Penelitian terkait kritik sosial pada kumpulan cerpen Mata yang Enak Dipandang  penting untuk menelaah secara ilmiah kaya cerpen tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian sosiologi sastra dengan bentuk deskriptif analisis. Penyediaan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dan teknik catat adapun analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis, jenis masalah sosial yang ditemukan adalah masalah sosial ekonomi, politik, agama, moral, rumah tangga, dan kebiasaan. Masalah sosial ekonomi merupakan masalah sosial yang dominan pada kumpulan cerpen ini. Adapun wujud kritik sosial yang ditemukan adalah kritik pada seseorang yang suka menindas orang yang lemah, kritik pada pemerintah yang programnya kurang berhasil, kritik pada orang tua yang tidak menghargai pilihan anak, kritik pada masyarakat yang mencari jalan pintas agar perekonomiannya meningkat, kritik pada masyarakat yang suka menyindir orang tahlilan, kritik pada masyarakat yang kurang peduli pada tetangganya, dan kritik pada istri yang mempermainkan perasaan suaminya.
River Influx Drives Heavy Metal Pollution in Manila Bay, Philippines: An Insight from Multivariate Analyses
Authors: Diwa Reymar , Deocaris Custer , Belo Lawrence
Published: June 2021

Recent work on heavy metal pollution in Manila Bay suggests elevated concentration in the surface sediments. It is critical to identify the sources of these heavy metals to effectively rehabilitate the bay. Our study investigated the sources of the heavy metal pollution that ended up in Manila Bay and the risks associated with these toxic metals based on a recent survey conducted. Surface sediment samples with higher heavy metal concentrations were found in the upper to middle parts of the bay while lower concentrations were in the southeast areas. Multivariate analyses such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and Pearson correlation analysis were used to identify the sources of the heavy metals. The heavy metal pollution in Manila Bay is attributed to several rivers draining northeast of Manila Bay, particularly the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River System (MMORS) which is cited as one of the 30 dirtiest river systems in the world. The ecological risks associated with heavy metals in the sediments found higher incidences of toxicity in north and middle parts of Manila Bay. Cu and Cr posed the highest risks of toxicities than any other heavy metals. Based on our analysis, the counterclockwise water gyre of the bay can explain the distribution and ecological risks associated with the heavy metals as supported by the findings of the PCA. Given the high priority by the Philippine government to rehabilitate the bay, our study strongly shows that efforts to restore the ecological status of Manila Bay will only succeed if the pollution from major rivers draining to it will be properly addressed.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN BERMAIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR GERAK DASAR LARI
Authors: Septiyani Risca , Satyawan Budhi
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to improve the basic motion of runing on  6 grade students SD N Laweyan No.54 Surakarta academic year 2017/2018.

              This research is classroom action research (CAR). This research was conducted in two cycle and every cycle consist of plan, implementation, observation and reflection. The subject of this research is student in grade 6 of SD N Laweyan No.54 Surakarta that totaling 43 students, consist of 19 male students and 24 female students. Source of data derived from teachers, students and researcher. The validity of data use descriptive technique that based on qualitative analysis by percentage.

              From the result of this research, the analysis obtained from initial condition of students who completed test only 18 students or 41,86% and not complete test is 25 students or 58,14 %, in the firt cycle students who completed to 32 students or 74,42% and not complete test is 11 students or 25,58 % , and in the second cycle students who completed to 36 students or 83,72% then 7 other students or 16,28%  have not completed with KKM is 75.

              The conclution of this research is learning through play approach can improve learning result of basic motion run in 6 grade student of SD N Laweyan No.54 Surakarta academic year 2017/2018.

 
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EXAMPLE NON EXAMPLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR GULING DEPAN TUNGKAI BENGKOK
Authors: Pradana Gilang Abdi Wisnu , Margono Agus
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to improve the student’s achievement in gymnastic floor of crooked legs forward rolling in X-4 Senior High School Kebakkramat in academic year 2016/2017.
This research is classroom action research that was done in two cycles, each cycles consist of two meetings. Subject of this research is the students of X-4 grade that consisted of 36 students. The data’s source collecting from the students, teachers, and the researcher. Techniques of data’s collection used test and observation. Data validity using data triangulation technique. Data analysis using qualitative descriptive analysis technique with percentage technique. The result of data analysis showed there is improvement of student’s learning outcomes in gymnastic floor of crooked legs forward rolling. In pracycles the precentage of the completness is 41,67% or 15 students, not completed yet 58,33% or 21 students. In first cycles the precentage of the completness is 63,88% or 23 students, not completed yet 36,11% or 13 students. In second cycles the percentage of the completness is 83,33% or 30 students, not completed yet 16,66% or 6 students. The learning result of gymnastic floor crooked legs of forward rolling has been reached according the expectation in second cycles with minimum criteria 75 Based on result analysis above we get the conclusion that the implementation of example non example improved the result learning of forward rolling of crooked legs in students of Senior High School Kebakkramat academic year 2016/2017.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHER KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ABOUT RULES OF BASKETBALL GAME IN JOMBANG DISTRICT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Saputro Arnaz Anggoro , Prasetyo Guntum Budi
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine how high the level of knowledge of physical education teachers on the rules of basketball games in high schools in Jombang district. The research method used a descriptive research approach by surveying 18 physical education teachers in 12 high school schools in Jombang District, Jombang Regency. East Java. The data collection technique is done by using a questionnaire that utilizes the google form application so that the questionnaire can be filled online. The data analysis used is descriptive with the results of the assessment of all teachers carried out with the same tool which will be made into 5 categories, namely very high, high , moderate, low and very low categories. The results showed the level of knowledge of the physical education teachers on the rules of basketball games in high schools in Jombang District, namely 5 respondents (27.78%) were in the very high category, 4 respondents (22.22%) were in the high category, 5 respondents ( 27.78%) is in the medium category, 1 respondent (5.55%) is in the low category, and 3 respondents (16.67%) are in the Very low category, and when viewed from the mean (Mean) in the overall results of respondents with a value of 25.61, this value is also in the "medium" category. Thus it can be concluded that physical education teachers in SMA in Jombang District have a fairly good level of knowledge of the rules of the basketball game.
Ekspresi Sufi di Ruang Maya sebagai Narasi Damai
Authors: Anam Syariful , Royanullah Royanullah , Taufiq Thiyas Tono
Published: June 2021

Since the beginning of the industrial 4.0 and digital era, the internet has become one of the tools that cannot be responded to by the community, so that in everyday life all activities on the internet. With the presence of the internet, virtual spaces are able to provide virtual communication spaces, one of which is through social media. The social media most used by Indonesians are Youtube, WhatsApp, and Instagram. Of the three platforms, the most popular among the public is Instagram, especially Instagram, which is an effective means of preaching in the digital era. The reason the researchers chose this research, first, from Islamic content, Sufi content becomes content that attracts attention. Second, Sufi expressions are constructed in people's daily experiences. Observations were made by the author using a hashtag (#sufiindonesia) through Instagram using a qualitative approach with a virtual ethnographic method. The results showed that first, the expressions that appear in Sufi practice cannot be separated from the clarity of the day and inner sincerity; second, Sufi expressions include the values of raghabah, ri'ayah, inbisath, wira’i, and mahabbah; third, the expression of sufism in this era often shifts traditional Sufi behavior that describes urban communities from surfing in cyberspace.
The Environmental Impact of Energy Consumption in Nigeria: Evidence from CO2 Emissions
Authors: Ibrahim Abubakar Sadiq , Cudjoe Dan
Published: June 2021

The consumption of energy to achieve economic growth has immensely impacted Nigeria’s environment through its influence on CO2 emissions. The paper employed Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to analyzed the environmental impact of energy consumption in Nigeria using time series data from 1990–2018. Our study found a long run positive impact of GDP on CO2 emissions in Nigeria. This refute the Environmental Kuznet Curve hypothesis that environmental quality improved with an increase in income. We also found that charcoal consumption has a long run tendency of reducing CO2 emission while fuel wood consumption has a long run possibility of raising CO2 emission. We also found that usage of gas oil has a negative impact on CO2 emissions while natural gas consumption and fuel oil consumption has a detrimental impact on CO2 emission. Hydroelectricity consumption on the other has a long run negative impact on CO2 emission in Nigeria. However, we suggested for investment in hydroelectricity and wood biomass energy consumption that can minimize the potential environmental damage in Nigeria. Because hydroelectricity and biomass energy can substitute fossil fuel energy in the production of goods and services which can also help to mitigate CO2 emissions and improve the environmental quality of the country.
Coronary steal phenomenon following right ventricle decompression and revascularization of atretic left coronary ostium - case report
Authors: Pająk Jacek , Karolczak Maciej Aleksander , Buczyński Michał , Mądry Wojciech , Grégoire Darren James , Weryński Piotr , Jawień Wanda Król - , Godlewski Krzysztof , Pająk Lidia Tomkiewicz - , Kuźma Jacek
Published: June 2021

BackgroundCoronary steal phenomenon and myocardial ischemia is a complication following decompression of a hypertensive right ventricle in patients with left coronary-cameral fistulae.Case presentationWe present a 12-year-old girl with a complex heart defect successfully operated on using a hybrid surgical-interventional approach to decompress the ventricle, embolize the fistula and reconstruct the atretic left coronary ostium.ConclusionsA novel hybrid strategy is the best solution for coronary-cameral fistulas reliant on high ventricular pressure at high risk for coronary steal phenomenon.
Toxicity Evaluation of Chlorpyrifos Metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol to Eisenia fetida in Different Soils
Authors: Hou Kaixuan , Yang Yue , Zhu Lei , Wu Ruolin , Juhasz Albert , Wang Jun , Wang Jinhua , Du Zhongkun , Li Bing , Zhu Lusheng
Published: June 2021

The present study utilized a biomarker response method to evaluate the effect of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in artificial and natural soils on Eisenia fetida after 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days exposure. Biomarker responses were standardized to calculate the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index. The influence of soil type on TCP toxicity was assessed. Results indicated that TCP induced excessive reactive oxygen species, caused oxidative stress, DNA damage to earthworm, which is similar to its parent chemical chlorpyrifos. The IBR index of three enzymes activities showed that TCP induced the enzymes activities of earthworm in red clay was stronger than the other three soils. Specifically, chlorpyrifos exposure group showed a lower toxicity than TCP exposure group after 28 days exposure but a higher toxicity than TCP exposure group after 56 days exposure. Despite the deficiencies of this study, the above information is of great significance for assessing the risk of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP pollution in soil ecosystems.
Methods for Anterior Torque Control during Retraction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nahajowski Marek , Olchowski Grzegorz , Warnecki Maciej , Lis Joanna , Amm Elie , Kawala Beata , Sarul Michal
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThere are various methods to control the inclination of the incisors during retraction, but there is no evidence as to the advantages of some methods over others. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of the methods used to control torque during anterior teeth retraction.MethodsIn accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, the main research question was defined in the PICO format [P: patients with complete permanent dentition; I: the maxillary incisor torque after (I) and before (C) retraction with straight-wire appliance and different modes of torque control; O: statistically significant differences in torque values of the upper incisors after orthodontic treatment]. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for keywords combining: retraction orthodontics, torque control orthodontics, torque orthodontics, inclination orthodontics, torque control retraction. The articles were subjected to risk of bias and quality analyses with the ROBINS-I protocol and the modified Newcastle–Ottawa QAS, respectively. Meta-analyses were performed with both fixed and random effects models.Results13 articles were selected in which total number of 580 subjects took part. In all studies incisors were retroclined during retraction by 2.46° (mean difference), which was statistically significant. Considering articles separately, differences in torque between the study group and the control group were statistically significant in 6 articles. The Q statistic value was 36.25 with p = .0003 and I2 = 66.9% which indicate a high level of study heterogeneity.ConclusionBoth properly performed corticotomy and en-masse retraction using orthodontic microimplants seem to be the most effective and scientifically validated methods of torque control. Further high-quality research is needed to perform better quality analyses and draw more reliable conclusions.
Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health of Copd and Nsclc Caregivers: Relevance for Palliative Care Implementation in Serbia
Authors: Maric Dragana , Jovanovic Dragana , Obradovic Ljudmila Nagorni , Vukicevic Tatjana Adzić , Popevic Spasoje , Pekmezovic Tatjana
Published: June 2021

The purpose: In context of forthcoming implementation of palliative care in Serbia we aimed to evaluate and compare the quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms level of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) caregivers and to analyze the impact of demographic and socioeconomic factors as well as the correlation of patients' quality of life with the quality of life of caregivers.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 200 caregivers and the patients they care for was undertaken in a three-year period. The Medical Outcomes 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) (Serbian version) was used to measure caregivers and patient’s health-related quality of life and Standard 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was given to each study participant (patient and caregiver) in order to explore feelings and attitudes relating to general depressive status. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.Results of our study did not show a significant difference in most QoL domains and depressive symptoms of the two caregiver groups, but it did show a difference in the domain of general health (GH) and physical health (PHC) measured by the SF-36 (p=0.003 and p=0,038, respectively) in COPD caregivers. Conclusion: Particularly vulnerable caregiver group, the one that cared for patients with COPD, perceived their own general and physical health significantly worse compared to NSCLC caregivers. More depressed caregivers and those with a longer duration of unemployment (regardless of the disease type) reported poorer quality of life and represented a groups with greater support needs.
Identification and validation of hub genes of synovial tissue for patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ge Yanzhi , Chen Zuxiang , Fu Yanbin , Zhou Li , Xu Haipeng , Tong Peijian , Shan Letian
Published: June 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were two major joint diseases with partially common phenotypes and genotypes. This study aimed to determine the mechanistic similarities and differences between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by analyzing the differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways. Microarray data of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. By integrating multiple gene data sets, specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in synovial membrane samples from patients and healthy donations. Then, the Gene ontology significant functions annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and protein-protein interaction network analysis were conducted. Moreover, CIBERSORT was used to further distinguish OA and RA in immune infiltration. Finally, animal experimentation was conducted and the establishment of model, which was verified using PCR in the mouse. As an overlapping process, we identified 1116 DEGs between OA and RA. It was indicated that specific gene signatures differed significantly between OA and RA connected with the distinct pathways. Of identified DEGs, 9 immune cell types among 22 were identified to distinguish from each other. The qRT-PCR result showed that the eight-tenths expression levels of the hub genes were significantly increased in OA samples (P < 0.05). This large-scale gene expression study provided new insights for disease-associated genes and molecular mechanisms as well as their associated function in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, which simultaneously offer a new direction for biomarker development and the distinguishment of gene-level mechanisms between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
R-spondin 3 deletion favors Erk phosphorylation to enhance Wnt signaling and bone formation
Authors: Nagano Kenichi , Yamana Kei , Saito Hiroaki , Kiviranta Riku , Pedroni Ana Clara , Raval Dhairya , Niehrs Christof , Gori Francesca , Baron Roland
Published: June 2021

Activation of Wnt signaling leads to high bone density. The R-spondin family of four secreted glycoproteins (Rspo1-4) amplifies Wnt signaling. In humans, RSPO3 variants are strongly associated with bone density, but how RSPO3 affects skeletal homeostasis is not fully understood. Here we show that in mice Rspo3 haplo-insufficiency or its targeted deletion in osteoprogenitors lead to an increase in bone formation and bone mass. Contrary to expectations, Rspo3 haplo-insufficiency results in canonical Wnt signaling activation. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts we show that Rspo3 deficiency leads to activation of Erk signaling, stabilizing β-catenin. Furthermore, Rspo3 haplo-insufficiency impairs Dkk1 efficacy in blocking canonical Wnt signaling and prevents the in vivo inhibition of bone formation and bone mass induced by osteoblast-targeted expression of Dkk1. We conclude that Rspo3 haplo-insufficiency/deficiency boosts canonical Wnt signaling by activating Erk signaling and impairing Dkk1’s inhibitory activity, which in turn lead to increased bone formation and bone mass.
Factors Associated With The Consumption Of Chlorine Dioxide To Prevent And Treat COVID-19 In The Peruvian Population
Authors: Soriano-Moreno David R. , Fernandez-Guzman Daniel , Ccami-Bernal Fabricio , Rojas-Miliano Cristhian , Nieto-Gutierrez Wendy
Published: June 2021

Background: Chlorine dioxide has been promoted as an alternative for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 especially in Peru, despite the lack of evidence to support its efficacy. We aimed to evaluate the factors associated with chlorine dioxide consumption in the Peruvian population. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. An adult Peruvian population was evaluated where chlorine dioxide consumption was divided into two groups according to the purpose of use: as prevention (individuals without COVID-19 history) and as treatment (individuals with COVID-19 history). The associated factors in each group were evaluated using Poisson regressions with the bootstrapping resampling method. Results: Of 3610 participants included, 3213 reported no history of COVID-19, and 397 had been infected. The prevalence of chlorine dioxide consumption to prevent or treat COVID-19 was 8 and 16%, respectively. Factors associated with chlorine dioxide consumption for both prevention and treatment were considering COVID-19 dangerous and lethal and considering chlorine dioxide ineffective or being uninformed of its efficacy. In addition, factors associated with the use of chlorine dioxide only as a preventive were the male sex, being an adult and older adult, having a health sciences student within the family unit, using medical information as the main source of information of COVID-19, having some comorbidity, and using medications and plants for prevention of COVID-19. Conclusions: The prevalence of chlorine dioxide consumption among the Peruvian population evaluated was high so it is important to apply information strategies, prioritizing population groups with certain characteristics that are associated with a higher consumption pattern.
Stress Transfer Analyses In Cellulose Nanofiber/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites With X-Ray Diffraction And Investigation On Effects of Chemical Interaction Between Cellulose Nanofiber And Montmorillonite
Authors: Matsumoto Takuya , Mori Sunichi , Ohashi Takuya , Nishino Takashi
Published: June 2021

Cellulose nanofiber is one of the promising materials for its eco-friendliness as well as high mechanical performance and high functionalities. Nanocomposites with cellulose nanofiber matrixes and inorganic nanofillers also possess more excellent mechanical properties by the reinforcement effects of the nanofillers. The mechanical reinforcement effects depend in a large part on the interfacial interaction between the nanofillers and the cellulose matrixes and the dispersion of the nanofiller in the nanocomposites. The quantitative evaluation of the reinforcement effects is insufficient, which is desired for the material design of industrial use of the cellulose composites. In this study, we used nanocomposites of cellulose nanofibers and montmorillonite with various surface properties. Their mechanical properties were investigated through tensile tests and the stress transfer to the nanofillers in nanocomposites with various combinations of cellulose nanofibers and nanofillers was analyzed through the X-ray diffraction method. The strong correlation between Young’s modulus and stress transfer coefficients was revealed. In particular, the composites of TEMPO-oxide cellulose nanofiber and ion-exchanged montmorillonite possessed not only the highest Young’s modulus but also the largest stress transfer coefficients. The large mechanical reinforcement effect of the loaded montmorillonite filler was observed and was attributed to the electrostatic interaction of the interface between the cellulose matrix and the montmorillonite filler.
Synthesis of High Specific Surface Lithium ion Sieve Templated by Bacterial Cellulose for Selective Adsorption of Li+
Authors: Zheng Xudong , Li Ang , Wang Dandan , Xia Da , Zhang Yuzhe , Li Zhongyu
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the lithium market has ushered in a golden period of development. With the development of batteries, ceramics, glass, lubricants, refrigerants, the nuclear industry and the optoelectronics industry, the demand for lithium has grown rapidly, and continuous mining has led to scarcity of land resources. On the other hand, due to the rich lithium resources in sea water and salt lake brines. How to selectively adsorb and separate lithium ions from seawater and salt lake brine has attracted more and more scholars' attention and research. Lithium ion sieve stands out because of its excellent performance of specific adsorption and separation of lithium ions. This article reports the preparation of mesoporous TiO2 and LiOH hydrothermal reaction using bacterial cellulose as a biological template. After calcination at 600°C, spinel lithium titanium oxide Li2TiO3 is formed. H2TiO3 was obtained by eluting the precursor with HCl eluent. FT-IR, SEM and XRD were used to characterize Li2TiO3 and H2TiO3. The adsorption performance of H2TiO3 was studied through adsorption pH, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, competitive adsorption and so on. The results show that H2TiO3 is a single layer chemical adsorption process, which has a good adsorption effect on lithium ions at pH 11.0, with the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 35.45 mg·g− 1. The lithium ion sieve has selective adsorption to Li+, and its distribution coefficient is 2242.548 mL g− 1. It may be predicted that the lithium-ion sieve prepared by biological template has a broad application prospect.
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Transcriptional Signatures and Cell-cell Crosstalk in Patients With Hypertensive Nephropathy
Authors: Tang Rong , Lin Wei , Shen Chanjuan , Meng Ting , Ooi Joshua D , Eggenhuizen Peter J , Jin Peng , Ding Xiang , Chen Jinbiao , Nie Wannian , Ao Xiang , Peng Weisheng , Zhou Qiaoling , Xiao Ping , Zhong Yong , Xiao Xiangcheng
Published: June 2021

BackgroundHypertensive nephropathy (HTN) is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease, yet the precise mechanisms and cell-specific gene expression changes are still unknown. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to explore novel molecular mechanisms and gene targets for HTN for the first time. Methods: The gene expression profiles of renal biopsy samples obtained from HTN patients and healthy living donor controls were determined by scRNA-seq technology. Distinct cell clusters, differential gene expression, cell-cell interaction and potential signaling pathways involved in HTN were determined. Results18 distinct cell clusters were identified in kidney from HTN and control subjects. Endothelial cells overexpressed LRG1 , a pleiotropic factor linked to apoptosis and inflammation, providing a potential novel molecular target. HTN endothelium also overexpressed genes linked to cellular adhesion, extracellular matrix accumulation and inflammation. In HTN patients, mesangial cells highly expressed proliferation related signatures ( MGST1 , TMSB10, EPS8 and IER2 ) not detected in renal diseases before. The upregulated genes in tubules of HTN were mainly participating in inflammatory signatures including IFN-γ signature, IL-17 signaling and TLR signaling. Specific gene expression of kidney-resident CD8 + T cells exhibited a proinflammatory, chemotactic and cytotoxic phenotype. Furthermore, receptor-ligand interaction analysis indicated cell-cell crosstalk in kidney contributes to recruitment and infiltration of inflammatory cells into kidneys, and fibrotic process in hypertensive renal injury. ConclusionsIn summary, our data identifies a distinct cell-specific gene expression profile, pathogenic signaling pathways and potential cell-cell communications in the pathogenesis of HTN. These findings will provide a promising novel landscape for mechanisms and treatment of HTN.
Implementation Fidelity In A Multifaceted Program To Foster Rational Antibiotics Use In Primary Care: An Observational Study
Authors: Kühn Lukas , Kronsteiner Dorothea , Kaufmann-Kolle Petra , Andres Edith , Szecsenyi Joachim , Wensing Michel , Poss-Doering Regina
Published: June 2021

BackgroundThe ARena study (Sustainable Reduction of Antimicrobial Resistance in German Ambulatory Care) is a three-arm, cluster randomized trial to evaluate a multifaceted implementation program in a German primary care setting. In the context of a prospective process evaluation conducted alongside ARena, this study aimed to document and explore fidelity of the implementation program.MethodsThis observational study is based on data generated in a three-wave survey of 312 participating physicians in the ARena program and attendance documentation. Measures concerned persistence of participation in the ARena program and adherence to intervention components (thematic quality circles, e-learning, basic expenditure reimbursements, additional bonus payments and a computerized decision support system). Participants’ views on five domains of the implementation were also measured. Binary logistic and linear regression analyses were used to explore which views on the implementation were associated with participants’ adherence to quality circles and use of additional bonus compensation. ResultsThe analysis of fidelity showed overall high persistence of participation in the intervention components across the three intervention arms (90,1%; 97,9%; 92,9%). 96.4% of planned quality circles were delivered to study participants and, across waves, 30.4% to 93% of practices participated; 56.1% of physicians attended the maximum of four quality circles. 84% of the practices (n=158) with a minimum of one index patient received a performance-based additional bonus payment at least once. In total, bonus compensation was triggered for 51.8% of affected patients. Participation rate for e-learning (a prerequisite for reimbursement of project-related expenditure) covered 90.8% of practices across all intervention arms, with the highest rate in arm II (96.5%). Uptake of expenditure reimbursement was heterogeneous across study arms, with a mean rate of 86.5% (89.1% in arm I, 96.4% in arm II and 74.1% in arm III). Participants’ views regarding participant responsiveness (OR = 2.298) 95% CI [1.598, 3.305] and Context (OR = 2.146) 95% CI [1.135, 4.055] affected additional bonus payment. Participants’ views on participant responsiveness (Beta = 0.718) 95% CI [0.479, 0.957], Context (Beta = 0.323) 95% CI [0.055, 0.590] and Culture of shared decision-making (Beta = -0.334) 95% CI [-0.614, -0.053] affected quality circle attendance.ConclusionThis study showed an overall high fidelity to the implementation program. Participants’ views on the implementation were associated with degree of intervention fidelity. Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN58150046
Bactericidal And Antioxidant Effects of Domestic Essential Oils On Certain Pathogenic Bacteria.
Authors: Al-Sarraj Faisal MB. , Qumri Ahmad M.
Published: June 2021

Background: Essential oils (EOs) are volatile, liquid substances that come from natural sources such as plants. As secondary metabolites of most plant species, that are typically found in leaf chloroplasts or from the hydrolysis of certain glycosides, their primary function is to combat attacks from predators as well as attract pollinators. Due to their biological activity, EOs have gained popularity in industries such as food processing, cosmetics, and personal care products as well as the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the antimicrobial nature and antioxidant activity of Saudi Arabian EOs were compared with the antimicrobial activity of known antibiotics.Methods: The In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity and antioxidant capacity of EOs collected from Jeddah domestic market for gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Disc diffusion method was used for the assessment of bactericidal activity of local EOs. The antioxidant activity was determined using phosphomolybdenum method. Furthermore, RAPD-PCR was used to compare the effects of these EOs on DNA in both untreated and treated pathogenic bacterial strains.Results and Conclusion: Bacterial strains with varying antibiotic resistance potential have been successfully isolated. The inhibition zone measurement revealed that the EOs used had some antibacterial effects on the bacterial strains as well as some selectivity on the bacterial strains that they acted on.
Climate Change and Liveability of Cities: an Assessment of Possible Health Threats Associated With Increased Temperatures in Cities
Authors: Filho Walter Leal , Tuladhar Liza , Li Chunlan , Balogun Abdul-Lateef Babatunde , Kovaleva Marina , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi , Azadi Hossein , Donkor Felix Kwabena
Published: June 2021

Climate change is associated with extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, hurricanes, storms, and wildfires globally. Within cities, the impacts of climate change are quite conspicuous as the percentage of urban dwellers is expected to reach about 70% by 2050. As the planet warms up, temperatures in cities are likely to increase more than in rural areas. These dual challenges severely impact urban residents. This paper reports on a study on the impacts of climate change on the health and liveability of a set of 15 cities, in industrialised and developing countries from around the world. The assessment, based on the literature, examined the average temperature, maximum temperature and relative humidity of each city, and this data has been correlated with their liveability. It was complemented by a survey focused on residents of 109 cities from Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, North America Oceania. The findings show that developing countries seem to be especially struggling to adapt to the threats caused by increasing temperatures. Moreover, cities in industrialised countries are not immune to climate change impacts. The paper also outlines some mitigation and adaptation measures, which can be implemented to improve the liveability in cities and the well-being of their populations, and to make them more sustainable.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Expression and Prognostic Significance of THBSs in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhan Xuebing , Luo Qian , Kuang Yunshu , Liang Xiao , Wang Junjie , Tao Xiangxiang , Sun Entao , Chen Bing
Published: June 2021

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common tumors for women worldwide. Thrombospondins (THBSs) are reported to play important roles in various cellular processes and are involved in the occurrence and development of human cancers. However, the expression and prognostic value of THBSs family in breast cancer remain unclear.Methods: In this study, we examined the genes and protein expression levels of THBSs and their prognostic value by synthesizing several mainstream databases, including Oncomine, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), UALCAN, and KM Plotter. We also analyzed THBS interaction networks, genetic alterations, functional enrichment, and drug sensitivity with several publicly accessible databases, including GEPIA, GeneMANIA, STRING, cBioPortal, Metascape and NCI-60 database.Results: The results showed that the mRNA expression levels of THBS1, THBS2, THBS3, and THBS5 in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than in normal tissues. The mRNA expression levels of THBS4 were different in different subtypes of breast cancer, and the protein expression levels of THBS1, THBS2, and THBS4 in breast cancer tissues were higher than in normal breast tissues. Survival analysis showed that breast cancer patients with high THBS1 gene expression showed worse overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and post-progression survival (PPS), and breast cancer patients with high THBS2 gene expression also showed worse RFS. Conversely, lower THBS3 levels predicted worse RFS, and lower THBS4 levels predicted worse OS, RFS, and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Conclusions: These results suggest that THBSs may be potential biomarkers for breast cancer.
Mode of arrival to the emergency department - a national, cross-sectional study in Sweden
Authors: HENRICSON Joakim , EKELUND Ulf , HARTMAN Jens , ZIEGLER Bruno , KURLAND Lisa , WILHELMS Daniel BJÖRK
Published: June 2021

Background: Swedish Emergency Departments (EDs) see 2.6 million visits annually. Sweden has a strong tradition of health care databases, but mode of arrival to the ED is not documented in any registry. The situation is similar in most of Europe.The aim of the study was to provide a national overview of the mode of arrival, medical acuity according to triage, chief complaints, and hospital admission rates for adult patients (≥18 years) visiting Swedish EDs during 24h.Methods: A national cross-sectional study including all patients at 43 of Sweden’s 72 EDs during 24 hours on April 25th, 2018. Mode of arrival, medical acuity at triage, admission and basic demographics were registered by dedicated assessors present at every ED for the duration of the study. Descriptive data are reported.Results: A total of 3875 adult patients (median age 59; range 18 to 107; 50% men) were included in the study. Complete data for mode of arrival was reported for 3693 patients (98%). The most common mode of arrival was self-referred walk-in (n=1310; 34%), followed by ambulance (n=920; 24%), referral from a general practitioner (n=497; 13%), and telephone triage referral by the national healthcare guide service “Healthcare Guide 1177” (n=409; 10%). In patients 18 to 64 years, self-referred walk-in was most common, whereas transport by ambulance dominated in patients >64 years.Of the 3365 patients that received an acuity level at triage, 4% were classified as Red (Immediate), 18% as Orange (very urgent), 47% as Yellow (Urgent), 26% as Green (Standard), and 5% as Blue (Non-Urgent).Patients presented with very diverse complaints but about a quarter had abdominal or chest pain. Overall, the admission rate was 27%. Arrival by ambulance was associated with the highest rate of admission (486 of 920; 53%), self-referred walk-in and telephone triage referrals were less often admitted. Conclusion: Self-referred walk-in was the overall most common mode of arrival followed by ambulance. Patients arriving by ambulance were often elderly, critically ill and were often admitted to in-patient care, whereas arrival by self-referred walk-in was more common in younger patients.
Cerebral Iron Concentration in Episodic Migraineurs
Authors: Pohl Heiko , Riederer Franz , Moisa Marius , Luechinger Roger , Sandor Peter S. , Gantenbein Andreas , Michels Lars
Published: June 2021

Objective: To investigate cerebral iron concentrations in patients with episodic migraine and investigate correlations with clinical parameters, such as monthly migraine days or disease duration.Methods: We included episodic migraineurs and healthy controls from 18 to 80 years; headache diaries were kept during a four-week baseline period. All participants underwent MRI scans, including a multi-echo 3D gradient recalled echo sequence that allowed calculating quantitative susceptibility maps.We performed whole-brain analyses comparing the iron level of healthy controls and migraineurs and searched for regions in which migraineurs’ iron concentrations correlated with their migraine frequency or disease duration. The significance level was set at 0.001 (uncorrected), the extent threshold at ten voxels.Results: We included 15 patients and 18 controls. There were several brain regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex and the middle frontal gyrus, in which migraineurs stored more iron, but none in which controls had higher iron levels. Iron correlated positively with migraine frequency or disease duration in multiple brain regions. There was one region in which iron load correlated negatively with disease duration.Conclusions: Migraine predisposes to increased iron levels. Not every brain area with an altered iron concentration is active during migraine attacks, so perhaps the increased iron might not solely be due to migraine but to a common cause, such as a metabolic or information processing disorder.