bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yoga: a tool for amelioration of obesity
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Malik Neeru , Sharma Pooja , Anand Akshay
Published: July 2020

In this study the case of overweight/obese participant is presented. The participant is a resident of Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. She voluntarily enrolled herself in the Yoga camp which was conducted at Gymnasium Hall, Panjab University, Chandigarh. The patient performed the Diabetic Yoga protocol for one month. The weight of the patient before joining the Yoga camp was 96 kg and the height was 170 cm. During the conversation, the patient revealed that during the practice of one month Diabetic Yoga protocol she lost 6 kg of her weight. This case report is an attempt to provide Yoga as safe, economical and simple technique for weight reduction.
Widening horizons: Adding quality
Authors: Singh Ravinder
Published: July 2020

Background: Ageing is inevitable and unavoidable. It brings various challenges with it. An aged person faces physical, mental and social problems. India crossed the mark of 7% aged population above 60 years, putting in the club of few countries which have such a big proportion of population in this age group. Various specialities were created based on gender or age group. Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology were the specialties, which laid down the foundation of health and medical care in the elderly. Various approaches were developed to take care of health of the older persons.
Summary: With the advent of technology and newer medical interventions, focus increased on various narrow domains of human body. Obviously, mental health became an important area of care, as numbers of older persons are increasing and their mental health domains are affected due to physical, physiological, pathological and social factors. Multi-pronged approach is required to manage mental health in older persons. The landscaping of pharmacological, immunological and technological interventions changed with time. Newer policies were developed and infra-structure created. India also saw paradigm shift in vision for the care of its older populations.
Key message: The psychological research facilities were created in few of the universities and colleges. Biological or molecular interventions were next areas of focus.
Next came the specialties of Geriatric Medicine and Geriatric Mental Health or Gero-Psychiatry. Many medical colleges started courses in Geriatric Medicine. From 2005 geriatric mental health became major area of action. Many more medical colleges and NIMHANS followed this trend and created Gero-Psychiatric or Geriatric mental Health facilities. Quite a large number of technologies have been identified and developed for older persons to support their mental health. Present paper looks into the various technologies, which may be very helpful in helping older persons to lead healthier and active lives.
NGTS-11 b (TOI-1847 b): A Transiting Warm Saturn Recovered from a TESS Single-transit Event
Authors: Gill Samuel , Wheatley Peter J. , Cooke Benjamin F. , Jordán Andrés , Nielsen Louise D. , Bayliss Daniel , Anderson David R. , Vines Jose I. , Lendl Monika , Acton Jack S. , Armstrong David J. , Bouchy François , Brahm Rafael , Bryant Edward M. , Burleigh Matthew R. , Casewell Sarah L. , Eigmüller Philipp , Espinoza Néstor , Gillen Edward , R. Goad Michael , Grieves Nolan , Günther Maximilian N. , Henning Thomas , Hobson Melissa J. , Hogan Aleisha , Jenkins James S. , McCormac James , Moyano Maximiliano , Osborn Hugh P. , Pollacco Don , Queloz Didier , Rauer Heike , Raynard Liam , Rojas Felipe , Sarkis Paula , Smith Alexis M. S. , Pinto Marcelo Tala , Tilbrook Rosanna H. , Udry Stéphane , Watson Christopher A. , West Richard G.
Published: July 2020

We report the discovery of NGTS-11 b (=TOI-1847b), a transiting Saturn in a 35.46 day orbit around a mid K-type star (

 = 5050 ± 80 K). We initially identified the system from a single-transit event in a TESS full-frame image light curve. Following 79 nights of photometric monitoring with an NGTS telescope, we observed a second full transit of NGTS-11 b approximately one year after the TESS single-transit event. The NGTS transit confirmed the parameters of the transit signal and restricted the orbital period to a set of 13 discrete periods. We combined our transit detections with precise radial-velocity measurements to determine the true orbital period and measure the mass of the planet. We find NGTS-11 b has a radius of

, a mass of

, and an equilibrium temperature of just

K, making it one of the coolest known transiting gas giants. NGTS-11 b is the first exoplanet to be discovered after being initially identified as a TESS single-transit event, and its discovery highlights the power of intense photometric monitoring in recovering longer-period transiting exoplanets from single-transit events.
Phenotypic analysis and antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Iliya Sani , Mwangi Jonathan , Maathai Ronald , Muriuki Mary
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes illness to people and can be picked up from both healthcare facilities and the environment leading to high morbidity and mortality. The study was aimed at identifying phenotypic characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of clinical samples isolated from patients attending or admitted in two health facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya.

Methodology: One hundred and thirty-eight (138) clinical samples were collected from patients attending Thika and Kiambu Level-5 Hospitals. The isolates were obtained using standard bacteriological techniques. Methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus was determined using the cefoxitin disk diffusion test.

Results: Out of 138 samples, 54 (39.1%) were found to have Staphylococcus aureus of which 22 (40.7%) were shown to be MRSA using the cefoxitin- based susceptibility test. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using Kirby-Bauer technique was performed on all 54 isolates. The highest sensitivity was found in chloramphenicol 46 (85.2%) and lowest in penicillin-G 8 (14.8%). Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) was reported in 35 (64.8%) of the 54 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. All 22 MRSA strains were found to be MDR.

Conclusions: the data obtained revealed that there is presence of MRSA in healthcare settings in Kiambu County, Kenya with varying antibiotic sensitivity patterns as well as multidrug resistance. The findings will help healthcare workers in the county to develop preventive strategy as well as institute policy for antibiotic usage, infection control and surveillance.
Factors associated with mortality in Infections caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Gualtero Sandra , Valderrama Sandra , Valencia Margarita , Rueda Diana , Muñoz-Velandia Oscar , Ariza Beatriz , Cortes Gloria , Salgado Diana , Porras Yuly , Niño Angie
Published: July 2020

Introduction: There is little information about weigh of factors possibly associated with mortality, in infections caused by Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Latin America.

Methodology: A case-controls study nested in a historical cohort was performed including all patients with CRE infections diagnosed between June 2013 and December 2018 at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in Bogotá, Colombia. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to compare cases of mortality within the first month after the infection diagnosis with surviving patients.

Results: A total of 131 patients were included. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 38.17%. In the multivariate analysis, a direct association was found between mortality and septic shock (OR 26.7 CI6.6-107.3 p < 0.01), post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia (OR 3.3 CI1.06–10.8 p = 0.04) and Charlson Index ≥ 3 (OR 5.5 CI 1.5-20.06 p < 0.01). An inverse association was found with interventions to control the infectious focus (OR 0.3 CI0.1-0.7 p < 0.01). The MIC of different antibiotics and the use of combined antibiotic therapy (triple therapy vs. double therapy or monotherapy) were not associated with mortality.

Conclusions: In patients with CRE infections, septic shock, a Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 3, and post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia are independently related to an increase in mortality. The control of the infectious focus is a protective factor. A rapid identification of these patients, and the implementation of measures to control infectious focus and to detect CRE colonization in patients who are going to be taken to myelosuppressive chemotherapy could impact positively the prognosis of these patients.
Soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 in condyloma acuminatum lesions
Authors: Zeng Mei , Zeng Kang
Published: July 2020

Introduction: An imbalance in type 1 (Th1) and type 2 (Th2) T helper cells is associated with the development and recurrence of condyloma acuminatum (CA); however, the mechanisms underlying this imbalance remain unknown. We investigated soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (sFGL2), which is an effector of regulatory T cells (Tregs), to determine its role in the Th1/Th2 imbalance of CA.

Methodology: Lesion and blood samples were obtained from 30 CA patients, and these samples were compared with genital skin and blood samples from 20 control subjects. Serum sFGL2, mRNA, and protein levels were estimated using ELISA, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses were also conducted.

Results: Compared to controls, CA patients had decreased serum sFGL2 levels. However, sFGL2 mRNA and protein levels in the lesions of CA patients were signiﬁcantly increased. Interleukin (IL)-4 and Foxp3 mRNA levels were upregulated, and interferon (IFN)-γ levels were downregulated in CA patients compared to those in controls. Additionally, the sFGL2 mRNA level positively correlated with Foxp3 and IL-4 levels and negatively correlated with IFN-γ and IL-17 levels.

Conclusion: sFGL2 contributes to the underlying Th1/Th2 imbalance in CA pathogenesis.
Multi-assay investigation of viral etiology in pediatric central nervous system infections
Authors: Altay-Kocak Aylin , Bozdayi Gulendam , Michel Janine , Polat Meltem , Kanik-Yuksek Saliha , Tezer Hasan , Ozkul Aykut , Ahmed Kamruddin , Nitsche Andreas , Ergunay Koray
Published: July 2020

Introduction: In an attempt to identify a wide spectrum of viral infections, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected from pediatric cases with the preliminary diagnosis of viral encephalitis/meningoencephalitis in two reference hospitals, from October 2011 to December 2015.

Methodology: A combination of nucleic acid-based assays, including in house generic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for enteroviruses, flaviviruses and phleboviruses, a commercial real-time PCR assay for herpesviruses and a commercial real time multiplex PCR, enabling detection of frequently-observed viral, bacterial and fungal agents were employed for screening.

Results: The microbial agent could be characterized in 10 (10%) of the 100 specimens. Viral etiology could be demonstrated in 7 (70%) specimens, which comprises Human Herpesvirus 6 (4/7), Herpes Simplex virus type1 (2/7) and Enteroviruses (1/7). In 3 specimens (30%), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were detected via the multiplex PCR, which were also isolated in bacteriological media. All specimens with detectable viral nucleic acids, as well as unreactive specimens via nucleic acid testing remained negative in bacteriological cultures.

Conclusions: Herpes and enteroviruses were identified as the primary causative agents of central nervous system infections in children. Enterovirus testing must be included in the diagnostic work-up of relevant cases.
Is there a difference between two different skin disinfection methods in cardiac surgery in terms of isolated pathogens?
Authors: Günday Murat , Orhan Atilla , Turan Hale , Körez Muslu Kazım
Published: July 2020

Introduction: In this study, our aim was to prospectively compare the different methods of patient disinfections with scrubbing + iodine + alcohol, and the povidone iodine disinfection method, which can be described as classical, in terms of the pathogens isolated on skin and during early postoperative complications.

Methodology: Eighty patients undergoing a coronary artery bypass operation were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 48) patients who underwent scrub, iodine, followed by skin disinfection with alcohol, and group 2 (n = 32) who were treated with povidone iodine three times. The samples were immediately sent to the microbiology laboratory. Specimens from the wounds were incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques.

Results: In samples taken after disinfection in group 1, significantly less reproduction was observed compared to group 2 (p = 0.001). There was no difference in postoperative complications between the two groups except for pleural effusion (p = 0.040). S. epidermidis was the most frequently isolated pathogen in both groups.

Conclusion: We did not find a study which compares scrub + alcohol + iodine and povidone iodine in our literature review. We think that our study is original in this respect. We can conclude that skin disinfection with scrub + alcohol + iodine was superior to using only povidone iodine in terms of the pathogens isolated afterwards from the wound.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis E in pigs and wild boars in the region of the city Belgrade
Authors: Kureljušić Branislav , Savić Božidar , Jezdimirović Nemanja , Kureljušić Jasna , Milićević Vesna , Karabasil Neđeljko , Vesković Moračanin Slavica , Žutić Jadranka
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Hepatitis E is considered an emerging human viral disease with many evidences of zoonotic nature of disease, and swine are the main reservoir of HEV. The aim of this study was to determine HEV seroprevalence in commercial pig farms, backyard pigs, slaughtered pigs and wild boars in the region of the city Belgrade.

Methodology: A total of 405 sera samples: 150 samples from 3 commercial pig farms, 70 samples from backyard pigs, 119 samples from slaughtered pigs and 66 samples from wild boars of the region of the city Belgrade, Serbia were analysed by commercial ELISA test.

Results: The overall HEV seroprevalence in 3 commercial pig farms was 55.33% (83/150). All tested farms (farm A, B and C) were positive on the presence of anti-HEV antibodies, respectively 58% (29/50), 54% (27/50) and 54% (27/50). From 70 tested backyard pigs, 75.71% (53/70) were tested seropositive. In total, 26 backyard pig holidngs were confirmed as positive to anti-HEV antibodies (81.25%). At slaughterhouse, 25% (8/32) weaned piglets and 20.69% (18/87) fattening pigs were tested positive on anti-HEV antibodies. Overall HEV seroprevalence in tested wild boar population was 52.25% (36/66).

Conclusions: Detected very high seroprevalence of anti-HEV antibodies indicated an active circulation of HEV, being enzootic in the swine population, and wild boars, as well, in the region of the city Belgrade.
Ward renovation and PPE use procedures to protect medical staff from COVID-19 infection
Authors: Lin Zhengze , Shu Hongmei , Jiang Dongping , He Yanlan , Xia Hongtao , Liu Yong , Xie Nan
Published: July 2020

In the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, many cross-infections occurred due to the limited number of wards and insufficient medical staff, which could not cope with the large number of patients visiting the hospital. A series of new infection control measures were implemented in our institution and a Wuhan hospital supported by our medical team, mainly including temporarily transforming the general ward into a passage for the staff to enter the infectious ward and standardizing the procedure for the wearing and removal of personal protection equipment (PPE). These measures significantly improved the situation, and no member of our medical staff was infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the middle and late stages of the disease epidemic. We hope that these experiences can provide references for medical institutions that may face an outbreak of COVID-19, especially those in underdeveloped countries and regions.
Lockdown is an effective ‘vaccine’ against COVID-19: A message from India
Authors: Krishan Kewal , Kanchan Tanuj
Published: July 2020

This communication stresses the importance of the complete lockdown of a developing nation as a powerful tool against COVID-19 acting as a ‘vaccine’. India has been under complete lockdown since 24th March 2020 in addition to other measures emphasized by the Indian Government such as promoting hand washing, social distancing, and use of face masks. A strict lockdown is suggested as an effective measure for containing the novel Corona virus infection transmission worldwide.
Differences of Cardiovascular Risk-based on Atherogenic Index Plasma Dan Framingham Risk Score in Postpartum with Preeclampsia and Normotensive
Authors: Siregar Cinthya Ayu Meritha , Sitepu Makmur , Tala M. Rhiza Z , Marpaung Johny , Siregar Henry Salim , Faradina Dwi
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of death in women worldwide. Preeclampsia may be more than just risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease later in life. Systematic reviews suggested approximately double the risk of ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular incidents, and mortality of cardiovascular disease after preeclampsia.
AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the differences of cardiovascular risk later in life-based on atherogenic index plasma and Framingham risk score (FRS) in postpartum women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive women.
METHODS: This is study a comparative analytic study with case–control design on 46 subjects, divided by 23 postpartum preeclampsia patients as a case sample subject and 23 postpartum with no history of hypertension as the control group. Subjects were examined for blood pressure, height, weight, and asked to fast for at least 8 h before blood lipid profile and glucose were examined with laboratory methods. Atherogenic index plasma and FRS were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS: Based on the results, the study found significant differences between systolic and diastolic blood pressure in preeclampsia compared to the control group. Median systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the preeclampsia group compared to control group were 180 versus 110 in systolic blood pressure; 100 versus 80 in diastolic blood pressure with p < 0.000. Total cholesterol, low-density lipid, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides levels in preeclampsia were 218.38 ± 23.26 mg/dL, 128.60 ± 22.74 mg/dL, 38.60 ± 5.99 mg/dL, and 252.73 ± 47.16 mg/dL, respectively, with p < 0.05 and non-preeclampsia group were 143.0 ± 16.82 mg/dL, 69.17 ± 23.03 mg/dL, 51.73 ± 8.65 mg/dL, and 121.30 ± 14.65 mg/dL, respectively, with p < 0.05. Differences in plasma atherogenic index values can clearly be observed in the preeclampsia and control groups (p < 0.05). A similar interpretation was found in the FRS (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between age and body mass index with atherogenic index plasma and FRS in preeclamptic group.
CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in atherogenic index plasma and Framingham risk score of postpartum preeclampsia and normotensive women.
Association between KLOTHO Gene G395A Polymorphism and Carotid Artery Calcification in regular Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ahmad Herwindo , Muzasti Riri Andri , Nasution Syafrizal
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: The vascular calcification process in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication caused by mineral and bone abnormalities and becomes the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in CKD patients. KLOTHO is an inhibitor of calcification and its expression has been observed to decrease in CKD patients. The KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism is a genetic variation that is common in Asian populations and is associated with vascular dysfunction in hemodialysis patients.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the association between the KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism and carotid artery calcification in regular hemodialysis patients.
METHODS: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design and was carried out at Rasyida Kidney Hospital Medan. Venous blood sample was taken from the patients who met the inclusion criteria for examination of the KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism and carotid ultrasonography was assessed to evaluate the thickness of the tunica media-intima as a marker of vascular calcification.
RESULTS: The majority of the study subjects were men, as many as 35 patients (50.7%). From the results of the KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism, it was found that the majority of subjects had GG genotypes as many as 36 people (52.2%) followed by GA genotypes as many as 30 people (43,5%) and AA genotypes as many as 3 (4,3%). There was a statistically significant of the association between KLOTHO gene -395 polymorphism and the incidence of carotid artery calcification (p = 0,015).
CONCLUSION: There was an association between the KLOTHO gene G395A polymorphism and carotid artery calcification in regular hemodialysis patients.
Betok Fish (Anabas testudineus) Oil Decreases Inflammatory Cytokine through Increasing Vitamin D Level in Rats-induced Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Salim Eddy Mart , Partan Radiyati Umi , Hidayat Rachmat
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder marked by the production of antibodies to the cell’s core components. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that plays a role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D deficiency is a clinical condition that worsens clinical SLE. Betok fish commonly found in South Sumatra, Indonesia, is rich in vitamin D content
AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the utilization of betok fish oil as a natural source of Vitamin D that could reduce inflammation in SLE.
METHODS: A total of 30 male Wistar rats (200 ± 20 g) were obtained from Eureka Research Laboratory (Palembang, Indonesia). About 30 kg of betok fish were obtained from the Palembang Fish Auction Center, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Betok fish were extracted to obtain theirs oil by heating and centrifuging processes. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the six groups: (1) Betok fish oil Group 1 0.1 mL/kg BW group, (2) Betok fish oil Group 2 0.2 mL/kg BW group, (3) Betok fish oil Group 3 0.4 mL/kgBW group, (4) normal control group, (5) negative control group, and (6) positive control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to assess ds-DNA levels and Vitamin D levels. Western blot assay was used to confirm the ELISA examination of pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]). All data were presented as mean ± standard deviation and all statistical analyzes are performed with the SPSS 25 (IBM) program.
RESULTS: This study presented that the Vitamin D content in betok fish oil is quite high at 2021.43 IU/mL. That was higher than other Vitamin D regiments on the marketplace. Moreover, this research showed that giving fish oil at a dose of 0.4 mL/kg BW is more effective than the positive control in increasing serum Vitamin D levels. These results indicate the effectiveness of betok fish oil in increasing serum Vitamin D levels in SLE-induced rats. In addition, betok fish oil was able to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-alpha, in serum of SLE rats.
CONCLUSION: Betok fish oil has efficacy in reducing levels of ds-DNA autoantibodies in SLE rats by decreasing the inflammatory response through upregulation of Vitamin D in serum.
Serum Granulysin in Differentiation of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Erythema Multiforme
Authors: Huyen Tran Thi , Hoa Pham Dinh , Trang Trinh Minh , Abe Riichiro , Thuong Nguyen Van , Lan Pham Thi , Tirant Michael
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are acute, life-threatening drug reactions, which lead to massive epidermal necrolysis. Granulysin plays an important role as a key mediator for keratinocyte apoptosis in these conditions. Erythema multiforme (EM) may have skin manifestation similar to SJS/TEN.
AIMS: The aim of the study was to compare serum granulysin levels in patients with SJS/TEN and EM as well as to investigate a possible association between serum granulysin levels and the severity of SJS/TEN.
METHODS: In total, 48 patients with SJS/TEN, 43 patients with EM, and 20 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. We measured serum granulysin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: The average level of serum granulysin in the SJS/TEN patients was 23.0 ng/ml (range 1.2–144.6 ng/ml), significantly higher than that of EM group (20.1 ng/ml; range 8.5–121 ng/ml, p < 0.05) and HCs group (20.8 ng/ml; range 10.1–46.7 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Of 48 SJS/TEN patients, the 25 samples collected <6 days after onset showed higher level of serum granulysin (27.7 ng/ml; range 2.5–144.6 ng/ml) than those collected ≥6 days after onset (17.9 ng/ml; range 1.2–59 ng/ml; p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between serum granulysin levels and the body surface area affected and the modified-SCORTEN. At the day of re-epithelialization, serum granulysin levels were not different compared with those at the day of hospitalization.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum granulysin levels are significantly higher in SJS/TEN group than in EM group. After the onset, serum granulysin levels in patients with SJS/TEN are not a good biomarker to evaluate the severity of the diseases.
The Link between HLA-B Alleles and Causative Drugs in Vietnamese Patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: Huyen Tran Thi , Hoa Pham Dinh , Trang Trinh Minh , Khanh Nguyen Ba , Que Tran Ngoc , Phuong Nguyen Hoang , Hoang Nguyen Minh , Abe Riichiro , Thuong Nguyen Van , Lan Pham Thi , Tirant Michael
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions. Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN.
AIMS: This study aims to identify HLA-B alleles in Vietnamese patients with SJS/TEN and to investigate the possible link between HLA-B alleles and causative drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients including SJS (30 patients) and TEN (30 patients) were enrolled in a cross-sectional descriptive study at two hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam, from July 2018 to July 2019. Clinical features and laboratory findings were noted, HLA-B alleles were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide assay and LuminexTM Multiplex Technology.
RESULTS: The most common HLA-B allele was HLA-B*15:02 (41.7%) followed by HLA-B*58:01 (25%) and HLA-B*46:01 (15%). Of the 25 patients possessing HLA-B*15:02 allele, culprit medicines were carbamazepine (13 patients; 52%), traditional medicine (two patients; 8%), and unknown drugs (seven patients; 28%). Of the 15 patients carrying HLA-B*58:01 allele, there were 13 patients whose offending medicine was allopurinol. Of the eight patients whose culprit drug was traditional medicine, there were 6 patients (75%) carrying HLA-B*51:02. Patients who carry HLA-B*15:02 were found to have 4 times higher risk of developing carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN as compared with the tolerant control group (OR=4.17; 95% CI=2.07–8.37; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: HLA-B*15:02 was the most common HLA-B allele in Vietnamese patients with SJS/TEN. In traditional medicine-induced SJS/TEN patients, HLA-B*51:02 allele might play an important role. The link between the HLA-B genotypes and causative drugs may suggest physicians to avoid risk medications for certain patients.
Conflits et paix
Authors: Kabongo-Mbaya Philippe B.
Published: July 2020

Les rites de réconciliation des Baluba du Congo scellent la solidarité communautaire et s’accompagnent de processus d’ethnogenèse. Ils constituent ainsi des méthodes de prévention et de résolution des conflits qui peuvent contribuer à une culture de la paix.
Quand l’Afrique s’éveillera…
Authors: Vircoulon Thierry , Alvisi Lorenzo , Bujon Anne-Lorraine
Published: July 2020

Le slogan Africa rising sert à attirer les investissements étrangers. Mais les relations de dépendance ont changé, notamment avec la stratégie impériale de la Chine, contre laquelle des États faibles ne peuvent lutter, et l’influence des Églises évangéliques, avec lesquelles ils tentent de s’allier.
Afrique-France, les miroirs grossissants
Authors: Giovalucchi François
Published: July 2020

Alors que la France perd son influence en Afrique, l’opinion africaine continue de prendre Paris comme bouc émissaire de ses désillusions. La France et l’Afrique francophone sont ainsi entrées dans un jeu de miroirs grossissants, où chacun amplifie l’importance de l’autre pour son destin.
Participer au travail social
Authors: Rullac Stéphane
Published: July 2020

Comment le champ professionnel du travail social, pourtant un rouage démocratique central, pourrait-il intégrer enfin la participation ? Le dossier plaide pour une communauté d’expertise (scientifique, professionnelle et usagère) concernant les conditions d’existence, de fonctionnement et d’évolution du travail social.
La participation bien comprise
Authors: Zask Joëlle
Published: July 2020

Le concept de participation, au cœur de l’idéal démocratique, se décompose en trois moments : prendre part (s’engager), apporter une part (contribuer) et recevoir une part (reconnaissance). Ils peuvent servir de critères à l’enquête sociale et permettent d’identifier différentes variétés d’injustice.
Quel État peut imposer des « gestes barrières » aux catastrophes écologiques ?
Authors: Latour Bruno
Published: July 2020

La question politique de notre temps n’est pas celle de la santé, mais celle de l’habitabilité, qui concerne les conditions de subsistance des vivants. Or la société civile s’en remet à l’État, qui croit pouvoir se passer d’elle et qui est en réalité bien faible. Nous devons plutôt décrire ensemble nos attachements matériels.
« À mon avis, rien à signaler ! »
Authors: Estay Stange Veronica
Published: July 2020

Comment répondre aux discours révisionnistes à l’ère de la post-vérité ? On peut établir une typologie des stratégies négationnistes selon l’équilibre entre nécessité et contingence des faits, d’une part, et entre liberté et responsabilité de l’individu, de l’autre.
Le paradoxe Léonard
Authors: Roucloux Joël
Published: July 2020

Il existe un débat historiographique sur le concept de Renaissance. Les catégories de l’histoire de l’art tendent à en relativiser les limites. La figure de Léonard, riche et ambivalente, se situe au carrefour de ce débat.
Troubles dans l’élevage
Authors: Keck Frédéric
Published: July 2020

Deux romans explorent les scandales de la consommation de viande dans les sociétés industrielles, dans la Belgique contemporaine chez Gil Bartholeyns et dans l’Argentine du futur chez Agostina Bazterrica. Au centre de chacun d’eux, un homme confronte le vide de son existence à l’absurdité du système qu’il doit inspecter.
Preparation and Properties of Modified Boron Nitride/Epoxy Resin Thermal Conductive Composites
Authors: Liu Chen , Zhou Hao Ran , Yuan Zhen
Published: July 2020

Boron nitride (BN) was modified by silane coupling agent (KH560) and used as heat conductive filler to prepare the modified BN (BN560)/epoxy composite. The effect of the BN560 filler content on the thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the epoxy composite was studied. The results show that BN560 can be uniformly dispersed in the epoxy matrix by an ultrasonic disperser. The BN560 added can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of the epoxy composite. With the increase of BN560 content to 20 wt.%, the thermal conductivity of the composite increases accordingly to 0.27 W/(m·K), 50% higher than that of pure epoxy, and a heat conductive network is formed. The BN560 added can improve the thermal stability of the composite. With increasing BN560 content, the thermal decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature of the composite increase. The composite with the BN560 content of 20 wt.% has the weight loss of 10 wt.% at 395.12 °C and the glass transition temperature of 144.59 °C.
Influence of Anticipation and Motor-Motor Task Performance on Cutting Biomechanics in Healthy Men
Authors: Norte Grant E. , Frendt Taylor R. , Murray Amanda M. , Armstrong Charles W. , McLoughlin Thomas J. , Donovan Luke T.
Published: July 2020

Context

Biomechanical analyses of cutting tasks have demonstrated kinematic differences associated with the noncontact knee-injury risk when the movement direction is unanticipated. Motor-motor dual tasks occur within dynamic environments and change the demand for attentional resources needed to complete athletic maneuvers, which may contribute to injury risk.

Objective

To investigate the influence of anticipation and motor-motor task performance on cutting biomechanics.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 32 healthy, recreationally active men (age = 23.1 ± 3.6 years, height = 180.0 ± 7.0 cm, mass = 81.3 ± 17.3 kg) who self-reported regular participation in cutting sports.

Intervention(s)

Participants performed a 45° side-step cut on the dominant limb in a random order of conditions: anticipation (anticipated, unanticipated) and task (no ball throw, ball fake, ball throw).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Triplanar trunk, hip, and knee angles were assessed throughout the stance phase using 3-dimensional motion capture. Data were analyzed using a time series of means calculated from initial contact to toe-off (0%–100%) with 90% confidence intervals. Mean differences between conditions were identified as regions of nonoverlapping confidence intervals, and those that occurred during the region of peak vertical ground reaction force (0%–25%) are presented.

Results

Regardless of anticipation, attending to a ball (ball throw) resulted in more trunk extension (range = 2.9°–3.7°) and less lateral trunk flexion toward the cutting direction (range = 5.2°–5.9°). Planning to attend to a ball (ball fake) resulted in less lateral trunk flexion toward the cutting direction (4.7°). During unanticipated cutting, more trunk rotation away from the cutting direction was observed when attending to a ball (range = 5.3°–7.1°). The interaction of anticipation and task had a similar influence on sagittal- and frontal-plane trunk position.

Conclusions

Motor-motor task performance and its interaction with anticipation induced an upright, neutral trunk position during side-step cutting, which has been associated with the risk for noncontact knee injury. Promoting task complexity during rehabilitation and injury-prevention programs may better prepare individuals to succeed when performing high-risk athletic maneuvers.
Evaluation of the Ogawa-Kudoh method for tuberculosis isolation in two health units in Mozambique
Authors: Madeira Carla M. , Azam Khalide I. , Sato Daisy N. , Khosa Celso , Bhatt Nilesh , Viegas Sofia O.
Published: July 2020

Background: Mozambique is among the highest tuberculosis, tuberculosis–HIV and multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis burden countries. Although molecular technologies are available in-country, mycobacterial isolation through culture remains an important tool for tuberculosis diagnostics and drug susceptibility testing.Objective: We evaluated the use of the Ogawa-Kudoh (OK) mycobacterial culture, a simple technique, to isolate Mycobacterium tuberculosis in two health units, in Maputo City, Mozambique.Methods: From May to December 2014, 122 patient samples were collected in Chamanculo General Hospital and Polana Caniço General Hospital. The specimens were first tested in the health units using the OK method and afterwards shipped to the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory for mycobacterial culture using the NALC-NaOH-Citrate (NALC) decontamination method followed by inoculation in Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) solid media as the reference standard.Results: Among 107 samples with valid results, 98 (91.6%) had concordant results in both methods; 9 (8.4%) had discordant results. The contamination rate was 4.1% (5/122) for the OK and 9.0% (11/122) for the NALC/LJ methods. The sensitivity of OK was 80% (95% confident interval [CI]: 51.4–94.7) and the specificity was 94% (95% CI: 85.8–97.3). The degree of agreement between both methods was moderate (Kappa: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48–0.89).Conclusion: The OK method showed satisfactory sensitivity and specificity. The method also had a lower contamination rate when compared to the NALC/LJ. Similar to other studies in resource-limited settings, our findings showed that the OK method can effectively be implemented in settings with limited laboratory capacity to isolate tuberculosis bacteria by culture for further testing.
Contraceptive Use among Slum Women in Slums of Dhaka City
Authors: Akter Rafia
Published: July 2020

Bangladesh has experienced a dramatic increase in contraceptive use and a sensational decline in fertility over 3 decades since its independence. The family planning program (FPP) in Bangladesh has been considered a success story in a setting without much socio-economic development. With the concerted effort of the Government of Bangladesh (GOB) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), women are becoming aware of physical health; (Icddr,b). In this context, a study has conducted to unveil the scenario of using contraception in the slum area of Dhaka City. In this research, 101 respondents were selected from two selected slums of Dhaka city. This study examines the use of contraceptives among the slum women. Findings revealed that respondents age 15-20) around 8.6% prefer an oral pill, 2.5% prefer IUD, 6.2% prefer condom (husband’s method) and 4.9% prefer injectable. Respondents aged within (21-25) around 19.8% prefer oral pill, 3.7% prefer IUD, 6.2% prefer condom (husband’s method) and 7.4% prefer injectable. Respondents age (above 25) around 21.0% prefer oral pill, 1.2% prefer IUD, 1.2% prefer condom (husband’s method) and 17.3% prefer injectable. In total, around 49.4% prefer an oral pill, 7.4% prefer IUD, 13.6% prefer condom and 29.6% prefer injectable. Women’s education, exposure to mass media, current work status husband’s working status, age of marriage, decision-making rights, religious restriction are the important determinants of contraceptive use among slum women.
Rice husk ash and its utilization in soil improvement: An overview
Authors: Nguyen Duong Thanh , Nguyen Nu Thi , Pham Ha Ngoc Thi , Phung Hai Huu , Nguyen Hung Van ,   Faculty of Geosciences and Geoengineering, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Vietnam
Published: July 2020

The utilization of waste materials in soil improvement is the potential for the reduction of the negative effect on the environment and the construction cost as well. One of the waste materials is rice husk ash (RHA), which is an agricultural-by product and can be utilized for soil improvement. This paper aims to present a comprehensive review of the numerous investigations on rice husk ash and its utilization in soil improvement. Based on the literature review, there are some findings as follows: (i) burning rice husk ash in incinerator under a controlled temperature of 500÷8000C and time of 1÷4 hours will produce RHA with high pozzolanic activity; (ii) the RHA can be considered as a stabilizer for different types of soil, and it can be used in combination with different chemical binders and waste materials for soil improvement; (iii) from the view of engineering purposes, the RHA from about 3 to 20%, the lime from 2 to 9%, the cement from 2 to 15% were mostly suggested to improve the soil for pavement, road (base and sub-base layers), and building houses in rural areas. However, the research on the utilization of RHA in soft ground improvement by deep mixing method using lime and cement is still limited, and it is therefore recommended for further research. In addition, the experimental field research on the utilization of RHA for soil improvement in engineering practice needs to be conducted.
Experimental study on use fly ash in underground
construction concrete
Authors: Dang Kien Van , Truong Ha Van , Pham Anh Tuan ,   Department of Underground and Mining Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Viet Nam
 Master student K, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Viet Nam
 Vinacomin industry investment consulting joint stock company
Published: July 2020

Fly ash utilization in concrete as partial replacement of cement is gaining
importance day by day. In Vietnam, fly ash has been used to as roller
compacted concrete of Son La hydroelectricity, rural road concrete and
unburnt bricks. However, they have not been used in the rock/soil support
of underground coal mines. Now, concrete insert plates with steel arches
are the biggest proportion of the type of current structural support in
underground mining (about 70÷80%). Concrete insert plates is one part
of the concrete insert plates are responsible for closing the gap between
the SVP steel frames in drift and the dug evenly distributing the pressure
of rock and soil on SVP steel frames, preventing roof landslides and
sidewalls. This paper studies the use of fly ash in concrete, cement is
replaced partially by fly ash in underground construction concrete. In this
experimental work concrete mix prepared with replacement of
fly ash by 0%, and 20%. Effect of fly ash on compressive strength and
flexural strength of underground construction concrete are studied. To
study the impact of partial replacement of cement by fly ash on making
concrete insert plate of SVP steel frame in undergound mines.
Tamis sin Cierre de la Brecha Quirúrgica
Authors: Naiderman Diego
Published: July 2020

Antecedentes: La cirugía mínimamente invasiva transanal (TAMIS), es una técnica que resulta especialmente útil en lesionesde recto extra peritoneal difíciles para el abordaje por vía anterior.Actualmente sigue siendo controversial el cierre del defecto rectal por debajo de la reflexión peritoneal. La suturaendoluminal es uno de los aspectos más desafiantes del procedimiento y la literatura es discordante con respecto al cierrede la brecha quirúrgica. Nuestro objetivo es realizar un estudio descriptivo de una serie consecutiva de pacientes conlesiones de recto extraperitoneal sometidos a cirugía de TAMIS, dejando el lecho quirúrgico abierto.Objetivo: Descriptivo prospectivo longitudinal.Material y Método: Entre agosto de 2013 y julio de 2019 se incluyeron, en forma consecutiva, todos los pacientes conlesiones de recto extra peritoneal, operados con técnica de TAMIS, que presentaron lesiones benignas ≥ a 3 centímetros dedifícil resolución endoscópica, tumores neuroendocrinos ≤ de 2 cm, adenocarcinomas T1N0 sin signos histológicos de malpronóstico, adenocarcinomas T2N0 con elevado riesgo quirúrgico o que rehusaron la cirugía radical y pacientes con dudasde la remisión completa luego de la neoadyuvancia. Todos los procedimientos fueron realizados por el mismo cirujano y entodos se dejó el lecho quirúrgico abierto.Resultados: En un período de 6 años se trataron 35 pacientes con técnica de TAMIS, con una edad promedio de 61 años±12.El tamaño promedio de las lesiones fue de 3.68±2.1 cm (0.7- 9 cm) y la distancia desde el margen anal al extremo distal de lalesión de 5.7±1.48 cm (3 a 8.5 cm). El tiempo operatorio fue de 39.2±20.5 min y el tiempo de internación de 33±28.2 horas.La anatomía patológica de las lesiones resecadas fue: 15 adenomas, 3 tumores carcinoides y 17 adenocarcinomas. 1 ypT0,4 carcinomas in situ, 4 tumores T1 y 8 tumores T2. En todos los casos se dejó el defecto rectal abierto, con un seguimientomínimo post operatorio de 9 meses. No hubo mortalidad y la morbilidad global fue de 14.2% (5 pacientes). Dos pacientesfueron re internados para el tratamiento del dolor (Clavien-Dindo II) y 3 pacientes (8.5%) presentaron sangrado postoperatorio, de los cuales solo 1 (2.8%) requirió re intervención (Clavien-Dindo III). No hubo complicaciones infecciosas,estenosis de recto postquirúrgicas ni perforaciones hacia la cavidad abdominal.Conclusión: Nuestros resultados permiten describir a la técnica de TAMIS dejando la brecha quirúrgica abierta, como unatécnica con buenos resultados, alta factibilidad y baja tasa de complicaciones.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PADA PERUSAHAAN DIBIDANG PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Gunawan, Prima Apriwenni Gracia
Published: July 2020

In the company’s efforts to achieve profit, companies often pay less attention to the impact of their activities. This matter can cause global warming. To prevent these problems, the law is issued that requires every company to do some activities that are environmentally friendly. This activity is expressed throuth the corporate social responsibility disclosure. The purpose of this research to test whether profitability, liquidity, leverage, and media exposure have a positive influence to corporate social responsibility disclosure. The object of this research is a mining company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2014-2016 with the unit observation is annual financial statements with a total sample of a company is 36 companies. The research method used is observation method with an observation to company data. Based on test results, liquidity and media exposure significantly influence CSR disclosure, while profitability and leverage had no significant influence to CSR disclosure. Keyword: Corporate Social Responsibility, Disclosure, Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage, Media Exposure
The Offence of Abetment under the Islamic Criminal law
Authors: Sarwar Kamran , Dr. Muhammad Alam
Published: July 2020

A person may be said to commit a crime, although, he does not directly be a part of it. To encourage, order, assist another person for the commission of a crime is considered an offence as the act or omission of principal offender is considered. To encourage, order, assist another person for the commission of a crime in legal terminology is called Abetment. Abetment in criminal law specifies distinguish between an abettor and the principal offender. Under the Pakistan Penal Code, in many cases an abettor is not awarded the same punishment as awarded to the principal offender. There are few cases in which the abettor is awarded the same Punishment as awarded to the principal offender. Under  Islamic Criminal law majority of Jurists are on the opinion that Hudood punishments will be awarded only in cases where Hudood offences are committed by Participant by Action (Arabic: الاشتراك بالمباشر) in case where these are committed by Participant by abetment (Arabic: الاشتراك بالتسبب), Hudood punishments shall not be awarded to them rather Tazir Punishment may be awarded to them. Thus, Participation in crime is either directly or indirectly. Participation by action (الاشتراك بالمباشر) and Participation by abetment (الاشتراك بالتسبب). Ingredients of Participation by abetment are Consensus (الاتفاق), Instigation:(التحريض  and An Assistance (الاعانة). Causes for the commission of abetment are Causeof Shariat(السبب الشرعي), Causeof usages forabetment (السبب العرفي) and Cause of common sense forabetment (السبب الحسي). Further division of Participation by action and participation by abetment:  It is further divided into two forms:Tawafuqتوافق)) and Tamalo (تمالؤ). In this reaserach article The Offence of Abetment under the Islamic Criminal law is discussed in detail.