bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Претраживе дигиталне рукописне колекције: могућност за рашчитавање српске ћирилице
Authors: Андоновски Јелена , Дакић Наташа , Тртовац Александра
Published: December 2020

Последњих неколико година, библиотеке и архиви, схватајући значај дигитализације, првенствено у погледу доступности садржаја, све више своју богату рукописну грађу преводе у дигитални формат како би, са једне стране, постала доступна корисницима, а са друге стране, како би је сачували од пропадања. Концепт виртуелног истраживачког окружења, настао је као део Пројекта за препознавање и обогаћивање архивских докумената (Recognition and Enrichment of Archival Documents – H2020 READ) и има потенцијал да омогући потпуно нови приступ историјским рукописним документима који се чувају у институцијама културе широм Европе. Главни циљ READ пројекта био је да се изгради виртуелно истраживачко окружење у оквиру кога би се развијале врхунске технологије за аутоматско препознавање, транскрипцију, индексирање и обогаћивање рукописних архивских докумената. Универзитетска библиотека „Светозар Марковић“ се на самом почетку укључила у овај пројекат, као придружени партнер, са циљем да се развије алат који ће омогућити рашчитавање српске ћириличне рукописне грађе.
Четири деценије институција културе и образовања у Пироту или Aјмо, Јово, наново
Authors: Драгосавац Бранка
Published: December 2020

У раду је приказан развој просветних и културних институција у Пироту од његовог припојења Краљевини Србији 1877. године до краја Првог светског рата. Прве основне школе основане су још 1838, а након припајања Србији оне су, са мање или више успеха, обновљене и наставиле свој рад, али по новим школским програмима. Након основних, формиране су стручне школе, отворене неколике штампарије, а затим покренуте и новине. Прва Читаоница у Пироту почела је са радом 1872. и у овој години би требало тражити заметке библиотекарства. После 1877. формирано је више библиотека, читаоница и једно читалиште у Пироту, све до 1909. године, када се Указом краља Петра I Карађоревића оснива прва Јавна библиотека. Балкански ратови, а затим и Први светски рат готово су у потпуности уништили институције настале пре 1918. године, чиме је завршена почетна фаза културног развоја Пирота.До сада објављени радови највећим делом доносе историјске чињенице о свим културним или просветним институцијама, оснивању штампарија и појави штампе у Пироту и извесно је да се њихов развој уклапао у развојне токове држава под чијом управом се налазио. Осим тога, садрже и податке о томе да је град имао све предуслове за бржи развој просвете и школства, као основе за формирање свих типова библиотека – од читаоница, преко школских и радничких библиотека, до јавне библиотеке коју користи највећи круг корисника, а које су директна последица писмености и образовне структуре становништва. Међутим, ниједан од ових текстова не нуди објашњење због чега је, поред свих ових напора и врло раног формирања школа и библиотека, неписменост у Пироту на размеђи два века била још увек огромна, нарочито међу женским становништвом.
Characteristics Of Professional Teacher: A Psychological Review Of The Personality Of Prophet Muhammad Saw
Authors: Sutarto Sutarto , Sari Dewi Purnama
Published: December 2020

This study aims to reflect on the Prophet Muhammad saw’s personality as a professional teacher from a psychological perspective to be understood and implemented by education personnel in carrying out their profession, both at school and outside of school. This research is library research, a study whose data comes from books, scientific journals, regulations, and research results. The analysis used is descriptive analysis with a reflective thinking approach. The results showed that Prophet Muhammad saw was a professional plus teacher because he had mastered and implemented three-plus competencies, namely personal religious competence, social religious competence, and spiritual pedagogical competence. This completeness is transcendental values. If these three plus professional competencies are owned, internalized, and implemented by the teacher, then the arrangement will change student behavior for the better.
Six Basic Energy Management At Middle-Aged Adults Moslem
Authors: Sutatminingsih Raras
Published: December 2020

This research aims to examine how Six Basic Energy Management (physical, instinctive, intellectual, emotional, spiritual and transcendental energy) in middle-aged individuals in Medan, then it is studied based on existing theories and research results. This research was conducted using quantitative descriptive methods. The population in this research were middle-aged adults, aged between 40-59 years old, Muslim and living in the Medan. Sampling is done by using purposive sampling technique. This research uses a Six Basic Energy management scale which is modified based on the Six Basic Energy Management concept from Suryanto (2008). The results showed that the respondents generally had six basic energy management which was in the quite constructive category, where the analysis of the management of each dimension of six basic energy (physical energy, instinctive, intellectual, emotional, spiritual and transcendental) in the research respondents was in a fairly constructive category. It means that the respondents are able to manage the Six Basic Energy they have so they can be profitable in their lives. It means that the respondents are able to manage their Six Basic Energy so they can be profitable in their lives.
The Dynamics of Inner Peace of Delinkuen Students Through a Religious Approach
Authors: Kusmawati Ati , Hadi Cholichul , N Nur‘ainy Fardana
Published: December 2020

This research aims to observe how the process of inner peace that owned by the students with behavior of misbehavior in school through religious approach. The method used is an intrinsic case study that aims to understand the intrinsic characteristics of a particular case as well. Participants in this research are five students in one of Junior High School in Jakarta. The researcher conduct interview in depth and provide mentoring through religious approach, namely mentoring and coaching to reading and studying the Qur'an (Juz 30) for these students who are guided by teachers who have the ability to teach reading the Qur'an, followed by related meanings contained in the letter of Qur'an that are read (worship, morals and values of life) and sharing. The result is that students do not have a sense of comfort in learning and performing actions that interfere with the learning atmosphere. Through religious approach (mentoring and guidance), this meeting was held, where each individual sharing from heart to heart, studentsing look more open in expressing personal issues and students with behavior Delinquent need attention and handling is different. Through this religious approach, the student feeling comfortable valued and heard what perceived. They are feeling closer to God and have the awareness to change for the better; the existence of the school's communication with parents intensively to figure out the conditions of the students at school; the availability of school facilities that can make students comfortable in learning and positive activity appropriate talent and their interest.
The Adversity Quotient Of Pesantren Students: The Effects Of Academic Stress, Emotional Intelligence, Academic Self-Concept and Social Supports
Authors: Latifa Rena , Islami Lia Amaliyatul
Published: December 2020

The life of students at Pesantren is usually filled with a dense series of activities, requiring high discipline, accompanied by demands to master knowledge and the implementation of religious values. Such activities are special features of Pesantren education which must be carried out by students every day so that such activities become challenges that must be faced by students. The foregoing sometimes makes students have difficulties in learning processes at Pesantren. The difficulties range from academic pressure to the process of making adjustments to Pesantren environment. Adversity quotient is considered an important concept in students’ mental development. Students’ success and failure in education can be determined by the extent of adversity quotient. Hence, this study aimed to examine the predictors of students’ adversity quotient formation, namely: academic stress, emotional intelligence, academic self-concept, and social supports. Respondents in this study were 268 students of grade VII, VIII, and IX at Pesantren Daar El-Qolam. Sampling deployed a non-probability sampling method using a purposive sampling technique. The validity of measuring instruments was tested by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Data analysis used multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that academic stress, emotional intelligence, academic self-concept, and social supports had significant joint effects on adversity quotient as high as 41.0%, the rest was influenced by errors or other factors which were not examined in this study.
Spirituality: The Core Of Attitude With Social Awareness
Authors: Purnomo Halim , Mansir Firman
Published: December 2020

The individuals’ spiritual step is tightly enough with attitude and personality. The better of the spiritual, the better of the habit and personality are. This can be caused by defining the life in which there are running to always orientate on their process and purpose of life, it is achieving a better life. This article used library research from previous studies which explored the changing attitude and social awareness of human on spiritual value. This is aimed to explain the core of the changing human’s attitude with social awareness through the spiritual dimension. Then, to support the explanation, this article is completed with academic debate on the involvement spiritual dimension toward the changing human’s attitude and social awareness. In this article, it will be explained that the changing of human attitude and social awareness that will directly be guided to the better one and always coupled with the spiritualist step through the dimension.
The Effect Of Family Functioning On Moral Disengagement In Adolescents Mediated By Religiosity
Authors: Yudhani Eri , Nashori Fuad , Uyun Muhamad
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to observe the correlation of family functionality and moral disengagement among the adolescents mediated by religiosity. It involved the adolescents (N =263) aged from 13 to 17 years old. The measurement tools used in this study included the scale of family functionality using family assessment device (FAD) made by Epstein et al. (1983), The scale of Indonesian-Psychological Measurement of Islamic Religiousness (I-PMIR) arranged by Salsabila et al.  (2019), and Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement developed by Bandura et al. (1996). Correlation coefficient showed that the family functionality was correlated with religiosity and moral disengagement. In contrast, religiosity was negatively correlated with moral disengagement. Analysis used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) program AMOS 24, The results of this study showed that the religiosity fully mediated the correlation of family functionality and moral disengagement. The implementation of this study showed that to decrease the level of moral disengagement among adolescents there should be the involvement of communication among the family members and parents need to embed the religious values in family and make the adolescents to habitually do the order that has been suggested by religion.
Berbahasa, berfikir, dan Proses Mental Dalam Kajian Psikolinguistik
Authors: Setyawan Cahya Edi
Published: December 2020

Abstrak

Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi manusia. Manusia di beri anugrah akal oleh Allah untuk mengolah bahasanya. Berbahasa berarti melakukan kegiatan yang melibatkan otak dan psikis. Dalam berbahasa manusia menghasilkan suara, simbol-simbol, dan tanda-tanda kebahasaan. Dengan akalnya manusia memikirkan struktur ungkapan-ungkapan yang akan diucapkan. Ini berarti ada hubungan antara berbahasa dan berfikir. Manusia menggunakan indra ucapnya untuk mengungkapkan isi pikirannya menghasilkan pola kata, ungkapan, dan kalimat. Manusia dengan pikirannya mengatur struktur kebahasaannya yang akan diucapkan. Dua kegiatan ini melibatkan perilaku mental atau psikis. Dalam rumpun keilmuan, hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan unsur kebahasaan di kaji dalam ilmu linguistik, ilmu proses kebahasaan dalam otak dikaji dalam ilmu neurolinguistik, proses mental dikaji dalam ilmu psikolinguistik. Dengan interkoneksi ketiga rumpun ilmu itu muncullah ilmu psikolinguistik yang mengkaji gejala-gejaja berbahasa manusia, proses pemerolehannya, dan problem-problem yang mempengaruhi perkembangannya pada manusia dan lain-lainnya. Psikolinguistik dalam rumpun mata kuliah diperguruan tinggi, menurut standar KKNI masuk pada ranah ilmu kebahasaan dan interdisipliner. Dalam kajian perkembangan ilmu kebahasaan masuk pada pembahasan makro linguistik. artinya ada hal-hal eksternal kebahasaan yang mempengaruhi perkembangannya.

Kata kunci: Berbahasa, Berfikir, Psikolinguistik.
Ta’līm Mahārah al-Kalām bil-Madkhal al-Ittishāly fi al-Madrasah al-‘Āliyyah al-Islāmiyyah Ibadurrahman Malang
Authors: Mustofa Nurul Hana
Published: December 2020

Abstrac

Communicative approach is a centralized approach to communication skills in learning. This is a new breakthrough for learning, as it combines some strategies. Accustoming self-practice uses pure and creative language. The purpose of this learning is to give learners the opportunity to use Arabic in spontaneity, pure and creative by giving attention to the grammatical rules of the language. Therefore, the learning of Kalam direction is suitable when using communicative approaches, because it is an approach that requires communication between speakers of languages. This research aims to describe the learning process of Kalam direction by communicative approach at MA Ibadurrahman Islamic Senior High School of Malang. The results showed that the learning process of Kalam began to start until the end consisted of; Teachers who are able to carry out the study with communicative approaches, good learning objectives of kalam, the suitability of learning materials used, the suitability of the learning activity used and the presence of consistent evaluation.

Keyworrd: Teaching, Spiking Skill, Communicative approach

الملخص

المدخل الاتصالي يتركز على الكفاية الاتصالية عند تعليم اللغة. هذا المدخل مخترق جديد لتعليم اللغة. لأنه مخالط بين بعض الاستراتيجيات ببعض وهو ممارسة استخدام اللغة عفيفيا وإبداعيا. الهدف من هذا المدخل هو إعطاء المتعلمين الفرصة لاستخدام اللغة العربية في حلة طبيعية مع عفيفية وإبداعية، وذلك بنظر إتقان قواعد اللغة. فتعليم مهارة الكلام يناسب حينما يعلم بالمدخل الاتصالي بأنها مهارة تقتضى على الاتصال بين المتحدثين. تهدف هذه الورقة إلى وصف عملية تعليم مهارة الكلام بالمدخل الاتصالي في المدرسة العالية الإسلامية عباد الرحمن مالانج. تدل نتائج البحث إلى أن إجراء عملية التعليم بالمدخل الاتصالي من البداية إلى النهاية تتضمن من المعلمين الذين يعلمون اللغة العربية بالمدخل الاتصالي، وأهداف تعليم مهارة الكلام بالمدخل الاتصالي الجيد، ومناسبة المادة التعليمية المستخدمة لتعليم مهارة الكلام بالمدخل الاتصالي، ومناسبة أنشطة تعليم مهارة الكلام المستخدمة بالمدخل الاتصالي، وتقويم تعليم مهارة الكلام بالمدخل الاتصالي المستقيم.

الكلمات المفتاحية : التعليم، مهارة الكلام، المدخل الاتصالي
Ta’līm as-Sharf bi Kitâb Tashīl as-Sharfiyyah fil-Madrasah ats-Tsânawiyyah Ittifaqiyyah
Authors: Muhammad Kemas
Published: December 2020

تعليم الصرف بكتاب تسهيل الصرفية في المدرسة الثانوية بمعهد الاتفاقية .لان الصرف هو قواعد اللغة العربية والتي من المهم للغاية أن تتعلم لأنها مفتاح معرفة شكل أو تغيير الكلمات (الجملة باللغة العربية). وفي تعليم الصرف لديهم كتاب الذي لا تملكه مدرسة الاخرى, خصوصا في سومطرة الجنوبية، هو كتاب تسهيل الصرفية، الذي نشر احدى الاستاذ في المعهد الاتفاقية, لتسهيل الطلاب في دراسة علم الصرف حتى لا بحثهم كثير كتاب الصرف.كما لم يتم إجراء بحث باستخدام هذا الموضوع في المدرسة الثانوية الاتفاقية. منهج البحث ومدخله المستخدمة في هذ البحث هو منهج نوعي وطريقة هذا البحث هو البحث وصفي. النتائج من هذا البحث هي بأن عملية التعليم يبدأ من خلال صياغة أهداف التعليم وتنتهي بتقويم التعليم. اهداف تعليم الصرف بكتاب تسهيل الصرفية في المدرسة الثانوية الاتفاقية هو لطلاب تعليم اللغة العربية بسهولة. عرض تقديمي للمواد بكتابه الخاص، وهو كتاب تسهيل الصرفية الذي نشره الأستاذ محمد ذو الفقري أركاهدي. الطريقة المستخدمة هي طريقة Grammar Method ومحاضرة، وهي طريقتما وفقًا للبحث جيد جدًا لأن علم الصرف لا يهتم بإجادة اللغة بل كيفية حفظ القواعد الصحيحة. وبينما يشمل تقويم التعليم الاختبارات الشفوية والاختبارات المكتوبة والواجبات.

الكلمات الاساسية : تعليم الصرف بكتاب تسهيل الصرفية
The southern border regions of the Far East: socio-cultural and infrastructural transformation
Authors: Kalinina Irina V. , Biyzhanova Eliza K.
Published: December 2020

This article presents an analysis of the socio-cultural and infrastructural transformations occurring in the southern borderland regions of the Far East: Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krais. These territories were barely subject to any demarcation and geopolitical changes, with shifts occurring under the influence of economic and political factors, as well as various processes associated with globalization. Based on federal and regional statistical data, together with deep interview and focus group studies conducted in small borderland towns, certain explicit and latent issues in the socio-cultural realm were identified. This article points towards considerable differences between those overall positive changes shown by statistical data on a regional level and the actual situation in any given locale, based on how it is evaluated by residents of municipalities located right next to the border. The following parameters were used as control points for analysis: changes in the population size, the current situation with housing, fundamental infrastructure in the field of education, healthcare and facilities used for cultural-leisure purposes. The study revealed certain serious issues associated with the deterioration of existing public infrastructure, most of which was created during Soviet times. The development of borderland territories is largely dependent on successfully preventing their depopulation. In order to ensure the reproduction of the socio-cultural potential of the country’s far eastern regions, and ultimately to preserve the country’s unity, the population of said regions needs to increase. The development of those areas which were part of the study is largely dependent on how active their residents are. Currently the socio-cultural sphere is being preserved thanks to the efforts of enthusiasts, despite the deterioration of public and cultural infrastructure. The identified trends are inherent to all regions of Russia, though in borderland territories they bear special significance, since borderlands at the same time serve as both a defense outpost and a bridge for establishing connections with neighboring countries. A conclusion is drawn that the bulk of the borderland territories in Russia’s Far East is currently in a depressive state, especially small towns and surrounding rural areas, which makes all the more relevant the need to support and aid in the development of borderland areas while taking into account their geographical, historical and socio-cultural characteristics within the spatial-territorial context.
In regards to how well-prepared future professionals are to live and work in conditions of multiculturalism
Authors: Emelyanova Natalia A. , Voronina Elena A.
Published: December 2020

What makes this article relevant is the fact that, given the current context of multiculturalism, the communication process is fundamental for many aspects and functions of the business environment. Ever accelerating processes of integration in the field of economics and business, the population becoming more active in terms of migration, academic mobility – this calls for mastering intercultural communication (ICC) skills, which are gradually gaining more relevance and importance. People are beginning to realize that possessing a certain level of knowledge and skill in the realm of ICC is becoming a necessary component for success in any professional field. The main goal of the presented study is to determine how well prepared today’s students, who in the future are slated to become experts in their respective fields, are for living and functioning in a context of multiculturalism. A precondition for developing multicultural competencies would be the awareness of cultural and national differences, which needs to be based on intercultural sensitivity. This particular aspect was analyzed by the authors with the help of a questionnaire titled “scale of intercultural sensitivity”, developed by G. Chen and J. Starosta. This questionnaire consists of 24 statements and covers 5 factors which its authors attribute to the concept of intercultural sensitivity: involvement in interaction, respect for cultural differences, degree of confidence when communicating, pleasure from interaction, an analytical approach towards conversing. The study was conducted among bachelor and masters degree students at the Nizhny Novgorod campus of the Higher School of Economics in 2017-2019. The following aspects were subject to analysis: attitudes towards cultural traits and people from other nations, self-evaluation of the perception of one’s own and foreign cultures, predicting behavioral reactions when finding oneself in an international environment. In the process of analysis, the dependence was considered between the level of intercultural sensitivity and the respondents’ gender, grade points, experience of interacting with people from foreign cultures. Openness, willingness to communicate and respect towards one’s partner in communication, and conversely suspicion and even prejudice towards people of foreign cultures were all identified within the sample. The results of this study will allow for finding a more efficient approach towards resolving issues associated with enhancing intercultural competencies as part of the education process.
Increasing universality of tank wagons designed to transport petrochemical cargoes
Authors:   BaltTransServis LLC, Fomin A. N. , Suvernev M. N. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Bitiutskii N. A. ,   Railcar-Building Engineering Centre LLC, Pesliak A. V. ,   Railcar-Building Engineering Centre LLC
Published: December 2020

Objective: Characterise the methods for optimisation of tank wagon fl eet. Determine the advantages obtained by the proprietor from wagon modernization. Establish the opportunity for increasing universality of rolling stock on the example of modernisation of tank wagons designed to transport petrochemical cargoes. Methods: Parameters of tank wagons for petrochemical cargo transportation in operation were compared to those of a modernised wagon. Structural elements of a wagon that require modernisation to be consistent with current regulatory requirements were identifi ed. Results of calculations and tests were analysed, and wagon certifi cation was carried out. Results: Ways of modernisation of tank wagons are shown. Primary wagon structural elements that require modernisation are described. Strength, fatigue strength and stability calculations were carried out. Safety valve throughput capacity is calculated, and requirements for this index during transportation of petrochemical cargoes. Optimum design for a drain device is established. A series of engineering prototype verifi cation tests in situ was run, including durability tests which confi rmed the possibility of safe operation of a modernised wagon throughout its service life. The wagon was certifi ed for compliance with railway rolling stock safety requirements. Practical importance: The studies conducted confi rm possibility of modernisation of petroleum and oil tank wagons for transportation of a wide range of cargoes. This would allow create a project for tank wagon modernisation. The novel wagon type is included in the Cargo Wagon Design Reference Guide. Proprietor can implement modernisation of wagons in accordance with the developed modernisation project
Experimental studies of new design solutions for the fencing of refrigerated car and container bodies
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Boronenko Yu. P. , Abdullaev B. A. ,   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University
Published: December 2020

Objective: To choose materials and technical solutions for thermal insulation in the structure of the fencing of refrigerated car and container bodies. Methods: Experimental studies of the thermal properties of the selected materials were carried out on a physical model using climatic and test chambers, analytical calculations using thermal conductivity equation. Results: The thermal properties of the thermal fencing structures of the body of refrigerated cars and containers were determined. Practical importance: New materials reduce the heat transfer coeffi cient of the fence, which will reduce fuel consumption and increase the safety of perishable goods, reduce weight and increase the volume of the body
Construction of a descriptive model of the logistics chain for the delivery of goods in the interaction of rail and sea transport
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Nikiforova G. I.
Published: December 2020

Objective: To consider the issue of phased modeling of the logistics chain for the delivery of goods using rail and sea transport. To establish the goal and results of each stage of the simulation. To move to the construction of a descriptive model of the process under study. Methods: The analysis of the logistics chain of cargo delivery in multimodal transport, modeling of the logistics chain of cargo delivery with the construction of a descriptive model at the initial stage is applied. Results: A detailed diagram of the modeling stages is presented with the set goals and results of each stage. A fragment of the descriptive model was built at the stage of dispatching cargo traffi c from a railway station. Practical importance: The importance of consistent modeling of the logistic process is shown in compliance with the principles of the adequacy and effi ciency of the model. The importance of routing cargo fl ows to seaports is estimated
Ensuring integrated safety in railway transport in the context of strategic development
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I Petersburg State Transport University, Plekhanov P. A.
Published: December 2020

Objective: Defi nition of the concept and components of integrated safety in railway transport, description of approaches to ensuring integrated safety. Methods: The general methods of empirical (observation and comparison) and theoretical (analysis and synthesis) research were applied. Results: Drawing on the analysis of the national regulatory framework in the fi eld of safety, it is proposed to defi ne the concept of integrated safety in railway transport as the absence of an unacceptable risk of hazardous events associated with damage to human life and health, damage to the environment and material values. The main types of safety that constitute integrated safety in railway transport are identifi ed, which include traffi c safety, transport security, fi re safety, sanitary and epidemiological safety, information security, cybersecurity, labor safety, environmental safety, industrial safety, safety in emergency situations. On the basis of international experience, the necessity of forming an integrated management system for integrated safety in railway transport is shown. The concept of a situational center for managing the integrated safety of the transportation process in railway transport is described. Practical importance: The proposed characteristics of the concept of integrated safety in railway transport and mechanisms for its ensuring can be used to organize practical activities to achieve the strategic goals of increasing the level of safety on domestic railways
L' Attention et la justificationdes croyances perceptives
Authors: Thalabard Émile
Published: December 2020

L’objectif de cet essai est de défendre la thèse selon laquelle l’attention endogène est une condition nécessaire de la justification des croyances perceptives. Je critique l’approche phénoménale selon laquelle c’est le caractère phénoménal (ou la phénoménologie) des expériences perceptives qui confère à celles-ci leur rôle dans la justification. Je prendrai pour cible principale la version qu’en offrent Siegel et Silins (2014 ; 2019). Contre cette approche, je défends que la notion de justification ne peut se comprendre sans référence aux mécanismes cognitifs par lesquels le sujet peut mobiliser une raison à l’appui de ses attitudes propositionnelles – mécanismes que les approches phénoménales négligent et pour lesquels l’attention est nécessaire. En m’appuyant sur la distinction entre justification propositionnelle et justification doxastique, je critique d’abord les cas supposés de justification en l’absence d’attention avant d’élaborer un argument en deux temps. Dans un premier temps, je montre que l’attention endogène, en raison de son rôle fonctionnel, est nécessaire pour la justification doxastique. Dans un second temps, en m’appuyant sur les analyses de Turri (2010), j’établis que la justification propositionnelle a également pour condition nécessaire l’attention.
Konvergensi dan Perubahan Sosial: Interaksi Penonton Asian Games 2018 pada Kanal Digital Emtek Grup
Authors: Santoso Teguh Setiawan Imam , Witarti Denik Iswardani
Published: December 2020

Di era media baru, Elang Mahkota Teknologi Grup (Emtek Grup) telah melakukan konvergensi sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman. Ketika mendapatkan hak siar Asian Games 2018, Emtek Grup melakukan konvergensi media secara khusus untuk menayangkan pertandingan. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan kanal-kanal digital Emtek Grup untuk menarik penonton pertandingan olahraga selama Asian Games berlangsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis deskripstif terhadap data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Emtek Grup telah membuat kanal khusus untuk Asian Games 2018 yaitu KapanLagi Youniverse Sport, selain kanal-kanal digital yang sudah ada. Emtek Grup juga melakukan distribusi konten melalui televisi konvensional (free-to-air) dan siaran tunda (video on demand) di kanal digitalnya. Semua kanal Emtek Grup memiliki kekuatan untuk menarik penonton menyaksikan pertandingan Asian Games.
PENDAYAGUNAAN ZAKAT, INFAQ, DAN SHADAQAH BAZNAS GRESIK DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA BABAKSARI MELALUI PROGRAM GRESIK
Authors: Syafaati Nurud Diana , Rani Lina Nugraha
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendayagunaan dana ZIS dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Babaksari Kecamatan Dukun melalui program Gresik Berdaya dengan memberikan bantuan ternak bergulir yang dilakukan oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Gresik. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan strategi studi kasus. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan wawancara sepuluh mustahiq penerima bantuan ternak bergulir, dua perangkat desa, dan tiga pihak dari BAZNAS Kabupaten Gresik. Data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Adapun pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pendayagunaan dana ZIS oleh BAZNAS Kabupaten Gresik dalam hal ini Program Gresik Berdaya di Desa Babaksari Kecamatan Dukun disalurkan dalam rangka memberdayakan masyarakat dan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan ekonomi dan pengetahuan. Ternak bergulir merupakan model pendayagunaan zakat produktif oleh Program Gresik Berdaya dalam meningkatkan pendapatan mustahiq yang menurut peneliti sudah optimal. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan telah meningkatnya pendapatan serta kesejahteraan penerima bantuan ternak bergulir yang telah berhasil bergulir tiap tahunnya.Kata Kunci: Mustahiq, pemberdayaan ZIS, Pendayagunaan. ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the efficient use of ZIS funds in the economic empowerment of the Babaksari Village community, Dukun District through the Gresik Berdaya program by providing revolving livestock assistance carried out by BAZNAS Gresik Regency. The research methodology used is a qualitative approach, with a case study strategy. Data collection was carried out by interviewing ten mustahiq recipients of revolving livestock assistance, two village officials, and three parties from BAZNAS, Gresik Regency. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection was done by using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. Based on the research results, it was found that the utilization of ZIS funds by BAZNAS Gresik Regency, in this case, the Gresik Berdaya Program in Babaksari Village, Dukun District, was channeled to empower the community and provide assistance to improve the economy and knowledge. Rolling livestock is a model for the utilization of productive zakat by the Gresik Berdaya Program in increasing mustahiq's income, which according to researchers is optimal. This is evidenced by the increasing income and welfare of the recipients of revolving livestock assistance which have been successful in rolling every year.Keywords: Mustahiq, ZIS Empowerment, Utilization
DOES SUKUK, DOMESTIC INVESTMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, AND INFLATION CONTRIBUTE TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA?
Authors: Setianingsih Laela , Widyastuti Emy
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKIndikator yang menentukan keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kemajuan dan kesejahteraan suatu negara dapat dilihat melalui pertumbuhan ekonominya. Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia berfluktuasi setiap tahun dan dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi sukuk jangka pendek dan jangka panjang, penanaman modal dalam negeri, penanaman modal asing, dan inflasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dari tahun 2011 hingga 2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder time series dengan periode penelitian triwulanan dari tahun 2011 hingga 2019. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa variabel sukuk memiliki kontribusi negatif yang tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam jangka pendek dan dalam jangka Panjang, sukuk berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Variabel investasi dalam negeri dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Variabel investasi dalam negeri jangka pendek dan jangka panjang memberikan kontribusi positif yang tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dan variabel inflasi memiliki kontribusi yang negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang.Kata Kunci: Sukuk, Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri, Penanaman Modal Asing, Inflasi, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi. ABSTRACTThe indicator for determining the success of economic development is economic growth. The progress and welfare of a country can be seen through its economic growth. Indonesia’s economic growth fluctuates every year and is influenced by many factors. This study aims to determine the short-term and long-term contributions of Sukuk, domestic investment, foreign investment, and inflation to economic growth in Indonesia from 2011 to 2019. This method used in this research is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The data used in this study are secondary time series data with a quarterly research period from 2011 to 2019. The test results show that the sukuk variable has an insignificant negative contribution to economic growth in the short term and the long term sukuk has a significant positive contribution to economic growth. Domestic investment variables in the short and long term contribute positively to economic growth. The short-term and long-term domestic investment variables have an insignificant positive contribution to economic growth. And the inflation variable has a negative and insignificant contribution to economic growth in the short and long term. Keywords: Sukuk, Domestic Investment, Foreign Investment, Inflation, Economic Growth.
Beyond Journals and Peer Review: Towards a More Flexible Ecosystem for Scholarly Communication
Authors: Wood Michael
Published: December 2020

This article challenges the assumption that journals and peer review are essential for developing, evaluating and disseminating scientific and other academic knowledge. It suggests a more flexible ecosystem, and examines some of the possibilities this might facilitate. The market for academic outputs should be opened up by encouraging the separation of the dissemination service from the evaluation service. Publishing research in subject-specific journals encourages compartmentalizing research into rigid categories. The dissemination of knowledge would be better served by an open access, web-based repository system encompassing all disciplines. Reviews from peers should be supplemented by reviews from non-peers from a variety of different perspectives: user reviews, statistical reviews, reviews from the perspective of different disciplines, and so on. This should reduce the inevitably conservative influence of relying on two or three peers, and make the evaluation system more critical, multi-dimensional and responsive to the requirements of different audience groups, changing circumstances, and new ideas. Non-peer review might make it easier to challenge dominant paradigms, and expanding the potential audience beyond a narrow group of peers might encourage the criterion of simplicity to be taken more seriously - which is essential if knowledge is to continue to progress.
Antiproliferative and Antimicrobial Activity of Anthocyanins after their Isolation and Freeze-Drying
Authors: Salamon Ivan , Şimşek Sezer Ela Nur , Kryvtsova Maryna , Labun Pavol
Published: December 2020

Natural phytochemicals in foods, including anthocyanins, can play an important role in human health. Anthocyanins have been reported to cause many various useful effects, such as reducing cancer cell proliferation, regulating blood pressure, preventing tumour formation, improving eyesight, and preventing diabetes. In this study, we aimed to reveal the qualitative anthocyanin content, antiproliferative and antimicrobial effects of different extracts derived from Vaccinium myrtillus, V. corymbosum, Sambucus nigra and Aronia melanocarpa. The anthocyanin content of the plants mentioned in the study was characterized after the freeze-drying process. MTT assay was used to determine the antiproliferative effect of extracts on cancer cells. Antimicrobial effects of extracts were studied on typical and clinical strains of 5 different bacteria. As a result, the anthocyanin content in the extracts obtained was determined to be quite good with the freeze-drying method, and it was also determined that the extracts had various levels of antiproliferative and antibacterial effects.
Degenerate Sumudu Transform and Its Properties
Authors: Duran Ugur
Published: December 2020

Kim-Kim (Russ. J. Math. Phys. 2017, 24, 241-248) defined the degenerate Laplace transform and investigated some of their certain properties. Motivated by this study, in this paper, we introduce the degenerate Sumudu transform and establish some properties and relations. We derive degenerate Sumudu transforms of power functions, degenerate sine, degenerate cosine, degenerate hyperbolic sine, degenerate hyperbolic cosine, degenerate exponential function, and function derivatives. We also acquire a relationship between degenerate Sumudu transform and degenerate gamma function. Moreover, we investigate a scale preserving theorem for the degenerate Sumudu transform. Furthermore, we show that the degenerate Sumudu transform is the theoretical dual transform to the degenerate Laplace transform.
A Computational Survey of The Intronic Micrornas in the X Chromosomes of Human and Chimpanzee, Their Target Gene Interactions and Its Impact on Gene Regulation
Authors: Mallavarpu Ambrose Jenifer , Daniel Alex Anand , Kullappan Malathi , Hussain Sardar , James Kavin Mozhi , Sreekandan Radhika Nalinakumari , Deiva Suga Sumetha Suga , Kamaraj Devakumar , Veera Raghavan Vishnu Priya , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
Published: December 2020

The knowledge of what separates us genetically from our less-evolved relatives is crucial for gaining new biomedical insights about the human-chimpanzee relatedness for the use of appropriate stand-in towards the development of new treatments and diagnostic aids for various ailments. Although the genomes of humans and chimpanzees share 99% similarity, significant differences exist between the two species in their non-coding intronic regions. However, no work has been carried out in the aspects of target prediction concerning the ‘predicted homology’ in their microRNA sequences. Non-coding miRNAs which are post-transcriptional regulators of development, differentiation, growth, and metabolism, harboring the intronic regions may be crucial for expanding the horizons of our understanding. In this study, we proposed to perform the target prediction for the human-chimp miRNA homologs in the PHEX gene of the human X chromosome using various computational tools and databases. We identified a total of 1296 human miRNAs, 46, 957 gene targets, and 30, 563 targets of human and homologous chimp miRNAs respectively. Furthermore, we analysed gene interacting networks to identify the top interacting targets in both the species. Finally, we interpreted the biological importance of top-interacting miRNAs and their targets. The results demonstrated varying levels of multiplicity and cooperativity between the predicted miRNAs and target genes in the two genera. Such miRNAs may be responsible for the dysregulation of gene expression in several signaling pathways.
A Potential Nursing Ground for the Southern Right Whale Eubalaena australis in Northern Chile
Authors: García-Cegarra Ana M. , Malebran Maritza , Van Waerebeek Koen
Published: December 2020

The Chile-Peru subpopulation (CPe) of the southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) is classified as critically endangered following intense whaling in past centuries. Due to their very low abundance, information on breeding and feeding grounds is also scarce. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly applied in marine mammal research thanks to their low cost and relative ease of use. This case study documents a southern right whale nursing in Bahía Moreno (23ºS), Antofagasta, northern Chile, through high-resolution images taken by UAV of a lone adult in July 2019 and the same (photo-identified) whale with a neonate in August, confirming local parturition. Combined with earlier data we hypothesize that the Antofagasta Region may be a calving and nursing ground for the CPe subpopulation. Given the intense shipping traffic and fishing activities around the Mejillones Peninsula and Antofagasta port, priorly recommended marine spatial planning to help avoid net entanglements and vessel collisions of fin and humpback whales would also contribute to the conservation of the CPe stock of southern right whale.
Rapid Immunohistological Measurement of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Rat Midbrain by Near-Infrared Instrument-Based Detection
Authors: Sonne James , Seavey Corey , Groshong Jason
Published: December 2020

We present a robust, fresh-frozen approach to immunohistochemistry (IHC), without committing the tissue to IHC via fixation and cryopreservation while maintaining long-term storage, using LiCor-based infrared (IR) quantification for sensitive assessment of TH in immunoreacted mid-brain sections for quantitative comparison across studies. In fresh-frozen tissue stored up to 1 year prior to IHC reaction, we found our method to be highly sensitive to rotenone treatment in 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and correlated with a significant decline in rotarod laten-cy-to-fall measurement by approximately 2.5 fold. The measured midbrain region revealed a 31% lower TH signal when compared to control (p<0.01 by t test, n=5). Bivariate analysis of in-tegrated TH counts versus rotarod latency-to-fall indicates a positive slope and modest but sig-nificant correlation of R2=0.68 (p<0.05, n=10). These results indicate this rapid, instrument-based quantification method by IR detection successfully quantifies TH levels in rat brain tissue, while taking only 5 days from euthanasia to data output. This approach also allows for the identifica-tion of multiple targets by IHC with the simultaneous performance of downstream molecular analysis within the same animal tissue, allowing for the use of fewer animals per study.
Trimetazidine Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via Inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD Pathway-Mediated Pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Li , He Ming-Qing , Shen Xi-Yu , Zhang Kang-Zhen , Zhao Can , Liu Li , Wang Man , Bu Yun-Ling , Li Jia-Wen , Xu Fan , He Hui-Wei , Lu Xiang , Gao Wei
Published: December 2020

Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the major side effects of high dose or sustained usage of glucocorticoids. Pyroptosis is a novel form of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death that may contribute to skeletal muscle injury. Trimetazidine, a well-known anti-anginal agent, can also improve skeletal muscle performance both in human and mice. We here showed that dexamethasone induced atrophy, evidenced by the increase of muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin-1) and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1) expression , and the decrease of myotube diameter in C2C12 myotubes. Dexamethasone also induced pyroptosis, indicated by upregulated pyroptosis-related protein NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD. Knockdown of NLRP3 or GSDMD attenuated dexamethasone-induced myotube pyroptosis and atrophy. Trimetazidine administration ameliorated dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, trimetazidine improved exercise tolerance, as evidenced by increased running distance and running time, as well as increased skeletal muscle mass in dexamethasone-treated mice. Mechanically, trimetazidine could reverse dexamethasone-induced activation of pyroptosis both in C2C12 myotubes and in mice. Taken together, our present study demonstrated that NLRP3/GSDMD pathway-mediated pyroptosis was involved in dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Trimetazidine could partially alleviate dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, and increase the diameter of C2C12 myotubes via inhibiting pyroptosis. Thus, trimetazidine might be a potential therapeutic compound for the prevention of muscle atrophy in glucocorticoid-treated patients.
Phylogeography of the Brittle Star Ophiura sarsii Lütken, 1855 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the Barents Sea and East Atlantic
Authors: Genelt-Yanovskiy Evgeny , Li Yixuan , Stratanenko Ekaterina , Zhuravleva Natalia , Strelkova Natalia , Xu Qinzeng , Nazarova Sophia
Published: December 2020

Ophiura sarsii is a common brittle star species across Arctic and subarctic regions of Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In the Barents Sea O. sarsii is among the dominant echinoderms. We studied genetic diversity of O. sarsii by sequencing the 548 bp fragment of mitochondrial COI gene. O.sarsii demonstrated high genetic diversity in the Barents Sea. Both major Atlantic mtDNA lineages were present in the Barents Sea and were evenly distributed between the northern waters around Svalbard archipelago and the southern part near Murmansk coast of Kola Peninsula. Both regions, as well as other parts of the O.sarsii range, were characterized by high haplotype diversity with a significant number of private haplotypes, being mostly satellites to the two dominant haplotypes, each belonging to a different mtDNA clade. Demographic analyses indicated that the demographic and spatial expansion of Ophiura sarsii in the Barents Sea most plausibly has started during the Bølling–Allerød interstadial, during the deglaciation of the western margin of the Barents Sea.