bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sugar beet pulp with medium water binding capacity and high fermentability improves the intestinal health and growth performance of weaned piglets
Authors: Huang Shuangbo , Cui Zhijuan , Cheng Chuanhui , Hao Xiangyu , Chen Jianzhao , Wu Deyuan , Luo Hefeng , Deng Jinping , Tan chengquan
Published: March 2022

Background
This study was aimed to investigate the hydration and fermentation characteristics of fibrous materials through an in vitro study to screen out dietary fibers with varying water binding capacity (WBC) / fermentability, and evaluate their effects on the growth, diarrhea, and intestinal health of weaned piglets.
Methods
The hydration properties of 13 commercially available fibrous materials were first compared in terms of in vitro viscosity, WBC and water swelling capacity, followed by enzymatically hydrolysis of all the fibrous materials with pepsin and pancreatin, and in vitro fermentation of the enzymolyzed residues, during which gas and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production were monitored. Subsequently, 40 weaned piglets were randomized to five experimental dietary groups (8 piglets per group): (1) the control diet (a basal diet without dietary fiber, CON), a basal diet supplemented with (2) 5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), (3) 5% wheat bran (WB), (4) 5% moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP), and (5) 5% sugar beet pulp (SBP), and their growth performance and diarrhea rate were calculated. At the end of feeding experiments, anaesthetized piglets were killed, and their intestinal and colonic digesta or plasma samples were analyzed in terms of intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, inflammatory cytokines, SCFAs, and bacterial population.
Results
In vitro studies revealed a similar low WBC (2.1–2.3 g/g), but different fermentability (MCC < WB) for MCC (low WBC, low fermentability) and WB (low WBC, high fermentability) as well as a similar medium WBC (4.4–4.9 g/g), but different fermentability (MOLP < SBP) for MOLP (medium WBC, low fermentability) and SBP (medium WBC, high fermentability). In vivo studies showed that: 1) Compared with the MOLP group, the SBP group showed improved G/F ratio and reduced diarrhea rate in the first two weeks after weaning. Moreover, the SBP-fed weaned piglets were higher than the MOLP-fed weaned piglets in total SCFA concentration as well as the relative levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, but lower in the level of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in colonic digesta. 2) Compared with the medium WBC groups (MOLP and SBP), the low WBC (MCC and WB) groups were showed increased diarrhea and reduced apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. 3) Compared with the WB group, the MCC group showed increased crypt depth and mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor-α, but impaired jejunum barrier.
Conclusions
Both the WBC and fermentability of fibrous materials affected the intestinal health and growth performance of weaned piglets. The overall
Knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs in a local population in Switzerland using the Stroke Awareness Questionnaire
Authors: Correia Pamela Noella , Meyer Ivo A. , Salmen Stephan , Rapun Irene Aìcua
Published: March 2022

Aims To ascertain the degree of awareness of stroke risk factors, response in case of symptoms as well as the knowledge of stroke treatments in a local Swiss population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey questionnaire-based study using a validated stroke awareness questionnaire. Enrollment was done over six months including patients who had suffered a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Results69 patients were included, of whom 35% (n=24) correctly defined a TIA and only 29% (n=20) considered a TIA to be equally serious as a stroke. There was a statistically significant positive relationship (p=0.006, 95% CI: 0.1-0.53, r =0.3) between interpretation of stroke and TIA as a serious event. 56.5% (n=39) of patients were able to correctly identify a minimum of 3 stroke symptoms and 47.8% (n=32) patients responded that they would call an ambulance immediately at symptom onset. The decision to call an ambulance was significantly associated with a good knowledge of stroke risk factors (p=0.03, 95% CI: 1.09-9.92) and stroke therapies (p=0.05, 95% CI: 0.99 -7.36). 37% (n=26) of patients were able to cite 3 or more acute stroke therapies or secondary treatment medications and only 8.7% (n=6) were able to name thrombolysis as being one of these therapies.ConclusionsKnowledge of stroke risk factors and treatments significantly influences the immediate response to stroke symptoms. Patients who recognise a stroke as a serious medical emergency are more likely to consider a TIA to be the same. Knowledge of acute stroke treatments should be emphasised in future public health programs.
New Insights on the Evolutionary Relationships Between the Major Lineages of Amoebozoa
Authors: Tekle Yonas , Wang Fang , Wood Fiona , Anderson O. Roger , Smirnov Alexey
Published: March 2022

The supergroup Amoebozoa unites a wide diversity of amoeboid organisms and encompasses enigmatic lineages recalcitrant to modern phylogenetics. Deep divergences, taxonomic placement of some key taxa and character evolution in the group largely remain poorly elucidated or controversial. We surveyed available Amoebozoa genomes and transcriptomes to mine conserved putative single copy genes, which were used to enrich gene sampling and generate the largest supermatrix (824 genes) in the group to date. We recovered a well-resolved and supported tree of Amoebozoa, revealing novel deep level relationships and resolving placement of enigmatic lineages congruent with morphological data. In our analysis the deepest branching group is Tubulinea. A recent proposed major clade Tevosa, uniting Evosea and Tubulinea, is not supported. Based on the new phylogenetic tree, paleoecological and paleontological data as well as data on the biology of presently living amoebozoans, we hypothesize that the evolution of Amoebozoa probably was driven with the need to disrupt and graze on microbial mats - a dominant ecosystem of the mid-Proterozoic period of the Earth history.
Effect of High-Pressure D2 and H2 Annealing on LFN Properties in FD-SOI pTFET
Authors: Shin Hyun-Jin , Eadi Sunil Babu , Song Ki-Woo , An Yeong-Jin , Ryu Tae-Gyu , Kim Do-woo , Lee Hi-Deok , Kwon Hyuk-Min
Published: March 2022

The effect of high-pressure deuterium annealing and hydrogen annealing on the electrical performance and the low-frequency noise properties in fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator p–type tunneling field-effect transistor (pTFET) was investigated. The electrical performance and the low-frequency noise properties were improved by high-pressure deuterium annealing. The typical noise power spectral density without high-pressure annealing exhibited two Lorentzian spectra, which were affected by one fast trap site and one slow trap site. The interface trap density related to the fast trap sites was reduced by using high-pressure deuterium and hydrogen annealing. Because the traps near the tunneling junction that contributed to the LFN were passivated using high-pressure deuterium and hydrogen annealing, high-pressure H2 and D2 annealing have the potential to be significant and necessary for future integrated tunneling field-effect transistor technology.
Analgesic effects of Terminalia Chebula is mediated by suppression of brain protein expression of NGF and NF-κB and oxidative markers following neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Haghani Mostafa , Jaafari Mahvash , Meftahi Gholam Hossein , Behzadnia Mohammad Javad , Bahari Zahra , Jangravi Zohreh
Published: March 2022

Background: Due to the complications related to the use of the current pharmacological approach for relief of neuropathic pain, searching for effective compound with less complication is need of present era. Since, the pathophysiology mechanism of neuropathic pain is related to excessive inflammation in nervous system. Hence, the present study focuses on whether the potential analgesic effects of Terminalia Chebula (TC) extract is mediated by the changes of brain protein expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in a rat model of sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI).Method and Results: Neuropathic pain induced by left sciatic nerve CCI. Male wistar rats assigned into sham, CCI, and CCI+TC (40mg/kg) groups. Animals received normal saline (1 ml) or aqueous-alcoholic extract of TC (40 mg/kg) for 30 days via gavage needles once a day. Cold allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors examined on one day before CCI surgery (day -1) and also on days 2, 7, 14 and 30 following CCI. We also assessed TC extract effects on oxidative stress markers on day 30 following CCI. Furthermore, western blot study performed on day 30 following CCI for evaluation of TC extract effects on protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain. Orally gavage of TC extract significantly decreased cold allodynia on days 2 and 14 following CCI. Additionally, CCI model of chronic pain significantly increased protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain on day 30 following CCI. Furthermore, TC extract significantly decreased protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain. The TC extract significantly increased brain glutathione (GSH) content and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Conclusions: It is suggested that analgesic effects of TC extract is mediated by suppression of brain NGF, NF-κB, and also its antioxidant activity in the brain following neuropathic pain in rats.
Preoperative idiopathic CRP and ESR elevation increase the risk of PJI within 90-day after primary total knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Cao Li , Yusuyin Abudusalamu , Maimaitiyiming Asihaerjiang , Li GuoqQing , Zhang XiaoGang , Xu BoYong , Ji BaoChao , Wang Yang
Published: March 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between preoperative idiopathic serum CRP and ESR elevation in KOA patients with 90-day PJI after primary TKA.Methods: We reviewed our center’s database over a 60-month study period from November 2016 to October 2021. After excluding those with known diseases that elevate CRP and ESR, 882 KOA patients who met the initial screening criteria, namely, 293 males and 589 females aged 67.00±7.91 (range, 43-91) years, were divided into four groups based on the preoperative CRP level and ESR: 44 patients, CRP+ESR+; 27 patients, CRP+ESR-; 176 patients, CRP-ESR+; and 635 patients, CRP-ESR-. All patients underwent primary TKA, and the prevalence of PJI was evaluated based on the 2014 MSIS acute diagnostic criteria. The risk factors for CRP and ESR elevation were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results: The total infection rate was 1.59% (14/882); infection rates in the CRP+ESR+, CRP+ESR-, CRP-ESR+ and CRP-ESR- groups were 6.82% (3/44), 0 (0/27), 2.27% (3/176), and 1.10% (7/635), respectively. There was a significant relationship between preoperative idiopathic ESR or CRP elevation and the prevalence of 90-day PJI (P=0.022). Diabetes mellitus (P=0.0004) and an elevated body mass index (BMI) (P<0.0001) were risk factors for CRP elevation; being female (P<0.0001) and having an elevated BMI (P<0.0001) or diabetes mellitus (P=0.0036) were risk factors for ESR elevation.Conclusion: Preoperative idiopathic CRP and/or ESR elevation increase the risk of 90-day PJI after primary TKA. Demographic characteristics and complications should be considered before deciding whether surgery can be performed, or additional perioperative treatment is needed to reduce the occurrence of PJI.
Mothers Infant Sunlight Exposure Practice And Associated Factors At Dejen District, Amhara, Ethiopia 2021
Authors: Bekalu Amare , Molla Abebaw , Asmare Bayachew , Hune Yidersal , Temesgen Habtamu
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Currently, nutritional rickets has become a concern of many nutrition experts in many countries. Sunlight is the best and most reliable Source of vitamin D. since there is scarce information regarding infant sunlight exposure practice and the determinant factors. The study assessed mothers’ infant sunlight exposure, practice level, and associated factors. Methods: a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 884 mothers from March 20 to April 04/2017. Through the multi-stage simple random sampling method, the study areas had selected. The data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression at a 95% CI odds ratio. Finally, P-value < 0.05% was declared statistically significant.Results: Out of the study participants, 866 (97.9%) were interviewed. Only 44% of mothers had good practice of infant sunlight exposure. In multivariate analyses; Knowledge status [AOR=1.4, 95% CI: (1.0-1.9)], Attitude status [AOR=1.4, 95% CI: (1.1-1.9)] , mothers age group [AOR= 8.6, 95% CI:(5.1-14.4)] ,mothers educational status [AOR= 5.2, 95% CI: (1.6-16.9), delivery at health facility [AOR= 1.5, 95% CI: (1.0-2.1)], and friend influence [AOR= 1.6, 95% CI: (1.2-2.1)] were significantly associatiated with the practice level of infant sunlight exposure. Conclusion: This finding showed that the majority of the mothers did not expose their infants to sunlight appropriately. The mother's knowledge, attitude, educational status, institutional delivery, and friend influence were the significant factors and needs to work on these.
Comparative study of the growth parameters of cowpea bean plants inoculated with Azotobacter sp. and urea.
Authors: Puca-Pacheco Mercedes , Medina Erika Yovana Gonzales , Rios Elizabeth Ernestina Jayos , Miranda Kelva Nathally Llanos
Published: March 2022

Aims
There is a growing interest in developing ecological agriculture in order to achieve cleaner production and pollution reduction related to the use of chemical fertilizers. The present research goal is to compare the effects of chemical fertilizer such as urea, in comparison to biofertilizer based on bacterium Azotobacter sp., on the growth of cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp).
Method
A small block experimental design was used, in which the concentrations of chemical fertilizer such as urea and biological fertilizer Azotobacter sp. The dosages of the fertilizers were varied to evaluate the dependent variables such as the length of the aerial part (LAP), root length (RL), fresh weight of the aerial part (FWAP), dry weight of the aerial part (DWAP), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW) and stem thickness (ST).
Results
It was demonstrated that the optimal dosage was 1.9x109 total cells contained in 1 mL of biofertilizer Azotobacter sp getting an average length of aerial part (LAP) of 16.333 ± 0.757 cm. While with urea, we have obtained length values of aerial part of 14.267 ± 0.850; 15.767 ± 0.987; 15.567 ± 1.041cm for fertilizer dosage volumes of 1, 2 and 3 mL respectively. A control test without fertilizers was carried out for comparison.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the replacement of urea with the biofertilizer Azotobacter sp. is feasible, being a viable alternative to reduce soil and environmental pollution.
Fly-Casting with Ligand–Sliding and Orientational Selection to Support the Complex Formation of a GPCR and a Middle-Sized Flexible Molecule
Authors: Higo Junichi , Kasahara Kota , Bekker Gert-Jan , Ma Benson , Sakuraba Shun , Iida Shinji , Kamiya Narutoshi , Fukuda Ikuo , Kono Hidetoshi , Fukunishi Yoshifumi , Nakamura Haruki
Published: March 2022

A GA-guided multidimensional virtual-system coupled molecular dynamics (GA-mD-VcMD) simulation was performed to elucidate a binding mechanism of a middle-sized flexible molecule, bosentan, to a GPCR protein, human endothelin receptor type B (hETB). GA-mD-VcMD is one of generalized ensemble methods and produces a free-energy landscape of the ligand-receptor binding by searching large-scale motions accompanied with stably keeping the fragile cell-membrane structure. All molecular components (bosentan, hETB, membrane, and solvent) were represented with an all-atom model, and sampling was carried out from conformations where bosentan was distant from the binding site in the hETB’s binding pocket. The deepest basin in the resultant free-energy landscape was assigned to the native-like complex conformation. The obtained binding mechanism is as follows. First, bosentan fluctuating randomly in solution is captured by a tip region of the flexible N-terminal tail of hETB via nonspecific attractive interactions (fly-casting). Bosentan then occasionally slides from the tip to root of the N-terminal tail (ligand–sliding). In this sliding, bosentan passes the gate of the binding pocket from outside to inside of the pocket with accompanying a quick reduction of the molecular orientational variety of bosentan (orientational selection). Last, in the pocket, ligand–receptor attractive native contacts are formed, and eventually the native-like complex is completed. The bosentan-captured conformations by the tip- and root-regions of the N-terminal tail correspond to two basins in the free-energy landscape, and the ligand–sliding corresponds to overcoming a free-energy barrier between the basins.
Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium Glutamicum for Efficient Production of Optically Pure (2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol
Authors: Kou Mengyun , Cui Zhenzhen , Fu Jing , Dai Wei , Wang Zhiwen , Chen Tao
Published: March 2022

Background:2,3-butanediol is an important platform compound which has a wide range of applications, involving in medicine, chemical industry, food and other fields. Especially the optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol can be employed as an antifreeze agent and as the precursor for producing chiral compounds. However, some (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol overproducing strains are pathogenic such as Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella oxytoca.Results: In this study, a (3R)-acetoin overproducing C. glutamicum strain, CGS9, was engineered to produce optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol efficiently. Firstly, the gene bdhA from B. subtilis 168 was integrated into strain CGS9 and its expression level was further enhanced by using a strong promoter Psod and ribosome binding site (RBS) with high translation initiation rate, and the (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol titer of the resulting strain was increased by 33.9%. Then the transhydrogenase gene udhA from E.coli was expressed to provide more NADH for 2,3-butanediol synthesis, which reduced the accumulation of the main byproduct acetoin by 57.2%. Next, a mutant atpG was integrated into strain CGK3, which increased the glucose consumption rate by 10.5% and the 2,3-butanediol productivity by 10.9% in shake-flask fermentation. Through fermentation engineering, the most promising strain CGK4 produced a titer of 144.9 g/L (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol with a yield of 0.429 g/g glucose and a productivity of 1.10 g/L/h in fed-batch fermentation. The optical purity of the resulting (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol surpassed 99%.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest titer of optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol achieved by GRAS strains, and the result has demonstrated that C. glutamicum is a competitive candidate for (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol production.
Zinc-based alloy rapid tooling for sheet metal forming reinforced by SLM steel inlays
Authors: Wen Tong , Liu Longqin , Wang Xu , Zheng Yu , Yang Fan , Zhou Yin
Published: March 2022

Among the existing rapid and economical sheet metal forming technologies, stamping with a press using soft tools, especially low-melting-point alloy dies, is one of the few methods that can meet the precision requirements in industrial fields such as automobile manufacturing. However, the usability of the method is limited by the low strength of the soft base. The current study proposes a new structure of zinc-based alloy dies for sheet metal forming, where the weak features of the die blocks, such as protruding edges, are reinforced by selective laser melting (SLM) steel inlays imbedded during solid–liquid compound casting. A technical route for fabricating the new tools was developed, and a W-shaped part was formed using an SUS304 sheet with a thickness of 0.32 mm and an Al6061 sheet with a thickness of 1 mm to validate the concept. The experiment and simulation results proved that clearer localized features, such as a smaller radius, can be formed on the workpiece with the reinforcement of steel inlays, while the springback is smaller and the abrasion resistance of the tool is higher. This method can improve the forming quality and durability of traditional soft tools in a convenient and affordable way.
Oral Hydration 1 Hour After Extubation Is Safe And Effective In Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Liang Ting , Li Sailan , Peng Yanchun , Chen Qi , Chen Liangwan , Lin Yanjuan
Published: March 2022

Background: Cardiac surgery patients are at a risk of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and aspiration pneumonia, but conventional 4–6-h fasting can exacerbate thirst. Early oral hydration is recommended, but the post-extubation time for intervention remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of early thirst management on thirst, the oral environment, gastrointestinal adverse reactions, and aspiration pneumonia in cardiac surgery patients.Methods: A total of 84 cardiac surgery patients were randomly divided into two groups for either conventional oral hydration or early oral hydration. The primary outcome was thirst intensity. The secondary outcomes were adverse gastrointestinal reactions (nausea and vomiting), aspiration pneumonia, unstimulated saliva flow rates, salivary pH, oral odor, oral mucosal moisture, and patients' satisfaction. At 1 h post-extubation, patients were evaluated for thirst intensity and intervention readiness. Patients who passed the evaluation were subjected to thirst management. Results: The patient demographic and clinical characteristics did not significantly vary between the groups. The scores for thirst (3.38 versus 8.24，F=306.21, P＜0.001), oral mucosa (2.03 versus 3.90, P＜0.001), halitosis (2.77 versus 3.76, P＜0.001) were significantly lower in the early oral hydration group than in the conventional oral hydration group. The early oral hydration group was associated with significantly higher salivary pH (6.44 versus 0, P＜0.001), unstimulated saliva flow rates (0.18 versus 0, P＜0.001) and patient satisfaction (4.28 versus 3.15, P＜0.001) than the conventional oral hydration group. Gastrointestinal adverse reactions did not significantly vary (7.70% versus 4.88%, P=0.60), and aspiration pneumonia was not observed in both groups.Conclusion: The early oral hydration significantly alleviated thirst, stabilized the oral environment without exacerbating gastrointestinal adverse reactions and aspiration pneumonia, and increased patient satisfaction.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2100049206. Registered 25 July 2021.
Associations between Diet History and Symptoms in Covid-19 Recovered People
Authors: sahloul ola , Sahlou Talaat M.
Published: March 2022

Most prior studies confirm that people who eat a balanced diet have stronger immunity. The current study aimed to identify the effect of the diet history of COVID-19 patients recovered from occurring symptoms and their severity. The study sample consisted of 346 people aged 20–65 years. The study includes (personal data and an electronic questionnaire for getting diet history and the kinds of symptoms). Then the study focused on four hardness symptoms (fever, body pain, cough, and dyspnea) to find a relationship between them and some immunity foods. In this study, we can conclude that:-Intake of some functional foods slightly affected the reduction of symptoms occurring in compared with those who did not eat any of these foods by using averages of their percent, which was 88.1% suffered from symptoms in the case of no intake of these foods, compared with symptoms in cases of little and intensive intake, which were 85.54% and 85.55%, respectively.
Factors influencing Impulse Buying Behavior.
Authors: Gupta Atantra Das
Published: March 2022

Impulse buying is a classic phenomenon of violation of homo economics. Interesting subject to study to explore the reasons for breaking the rules. Various factors have been studied in this article, quantified with the SPSS tool after collecting the data from the general population.
Assessing Community Perception on Climate Change and variability, Its Impacts and adaptation strategies in Anlemo woreda, Hadiya zone SNNPR
Authors: Ersino Alemu
Published: March 2022

The study assessed the rural community perception of climate change and variability, its impacts, and adaptation strategies in Anlemo woreda. The study was used purposive sampling techniques to select woreda and both kebeles. The sizes of the sample household respondents were 191 out of each, 30 participants were female-headed households. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis were used. A time-series analysis was used to show the trend of temperature and rainfall. The researcher used the Coefficient of variation and percent of deviation to discern rainfall variability. The findings of the study showed that both maximum and the average temperature had increased, belg rainfall had decreased, whereas annual and Meher rainfall had increased and showed inter-annual and seasonal variation. The researchers also showed that the district is experiencing increasing land degradation, spatially soil erosion, nutrient depilation, and deforestation are perceived as impacts of climate variability. The results revealed that most of the people perceived long-term variability in the pattern of rainfall amount and distribution and an increasing trend and variability of temperature. Therefore, farmers are undertaking different adaptation and coping mechanisms. Providing training, increasing accessibility to infrastructure, the credit services market, and introducing new technologies are forwarded as recommendations.
Status of the health information system in Ireland and its fitness to support health system performance assessment: A multimethod assessment based on stakeholder involvement
Authors: Ivanković Damir , Jansen Tessa , Barbazza Erica , Fernandes Óscar Brito , Klazinga Niek , Kringos Dionne
Published: March 2022

Background
A major 10-year health reform, called Sláintecare, was launched in Ireland in 2017 with aims of improving health system performance, governance and accountability, while achieving universal health coverage. To support the implementation of the reform, the Irish Department of Health requested technical support from the European Union in developing a health system performance assessment (HSPA) framework. An external team of researchers was contracted to work in close collaboration with the Irish health authorities on the “Performance accountability for the Irish health system” project. Between September 2019 and March 2021, a pilot HSPA framework for Ireland was developed and officially launched in September 2021. Routinely collected health data are needed to populate indicators in the HSPA framework. Considering the pivotal role of data, in this scope, an assessment of the health information system (HIS) in Ireland and its fitness to support the implementation of an HSPA framework was conducted, involving a broad range of stakeholders.
Methods
Between May and November 2020, over 50 informants were engaged in key informant interviews and multi-stakeholder consultation workshops as part of the HIS assessment and the broader HSPA project. Descriptive themes and data availability heatmaps were derived from interview data using thematic analysis. Indicator “passports” for the HSPA framework were populated during stakeholder consultation workshops.
Results
The HIS in Ireland was able to provide administrative, survey and registry-based data for public sector acute care services, focusing on structure, process and output metrics. Significant data availability gaps, most notably from primary care, private hospitals and community care were reported, with little availability of electronic health record and people-reported data. Data on outcome metrics were mostly missing and so were data linkage possibilities. The COVID-19 pandemic emphasised the national HIS’s shortcomings but also capacity for rapid development and improvement.
Conclusions
Assessment of the HIS in Ireland contributed to the development of a national HSPA framework but also created a momentum to further strengthen data infrastructure and governance and work towards a more data-driven and person-centred health care system.
A Trust Region Based Local Bayesian Optimization without Exhausted Optimization of Acquisition Function
Authors: Li Qingxia , Fu Anbing , Wei Wenhong , Zhang Yuhui
Published: March 2022

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an effective optimization technique for solving expensive black-box problems. Even though BO has remarkable success, its drawbacks are also obvious. First, the time complexity of the Gaussian process inference is higher than O(n3), where n is the number of samples. Consequently, the running time of BO increases rapidly with the problem size. Second, due to the non-convexity and multimodality of the acquisition function, it costs a lot to achieve good results. To address the above problems, we develop a local Bayesian optimization algorithm based on the trust region idea (TRLBO). In TRLBO, two trust regions with dynamically changing sizes are used to enhance the algorithm’s exploitation ability, while at the same time retaining the exploration ability. Specifically, one trust region is used to reduce the number of samples in the Gaussian process. The other is used to restrict the solution space of the candidates. Furthermore, some theoretical results were provided to enlighten the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Experimental results on both benchmark functions and real-world problems show that TRLBO compares favorably with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Dynamic Explicit Analysis and Prediction of Compressive Damage effects
Authors: touolak benedicte touogam
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the nonlinear finite element analysis by ABAQUS was used to predict the behavior and ultimate capacity of shaft lining steel-concrete composite structures. The numerical data for designing the shaft lining structure in coal mines; the stress-strain response and damage of steel-concrete composites is deeply explore through finite element analysis and analytical methods. The present work studies the influence of thickness-diameter ratio on the shaft lining structures performance by focusing on the stress-strain characteristics, geometry imperfections, damage and deformations occurs inside the materials structure properties. The results from the finite element simulation agree very well with the experimental observations, especially with regard to load-deflection response, crack patterns at different load stages, failure modes and stress-strain mechanisms. All these indicate that the constitutive models used for shaft linings concrete by ABAQUS are able to capture compressive behavior and stress-strain response of the different Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6, Z7, Z8, and Z9 specimens.
Transcranial electrical stimulation effects on neurovascular coupling
Authors: Arora Yashika , Dutta Anirban
Published: March 2022

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) can exert cerebrovascular effects, but the mechanisms are unclear. Long-term (≥3min) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can also change the extracellular ion concentrations that can modulate neuronal excitability. An increase in interstitial K+ can modulate the neurovascular system's sensitivity via Kir channels in the astrocytes and the mural cells.To gain a mechanistic understanding of the tES effects on neurovascular coupling (NVC), we used a physiologically constrained multi-compartmental model (having nested pathways) for modal analysis to study the dynamic properties of the system for the output changes in blood vessel circumference and their natural frequencies in the frequency domain. Then, we used the open-source rsHRF toolbox and the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-tDCS dataset to show the effects of anodal tDCS on hemodynamic response function (HRF) in the grey matter and at three regions of interest in the grey matter underlying anodal electrode (FC5), cathodal electrode (FP2), and an independent site remote from the electrodes (PZ). A canonical HRF model and a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) model captured the anodal tDCS effects on the temporal profile of the HRF. The modal analysis characterized the tES's vascular effects through neuronal and non-neuronal pathways, where stable modes were found for the smooth muscle cell compartment in the 0Hz-0.05Hz range.Our study showed tDCS onset effects on the neurovascular coupling (and HRF) for verum and sham tDCS conditions that were different from the no tDCS condition, which questions the validity of the placebo. Therefore, it is crucial to avoid fitting a common HRF for the whole brain, and disentangling the tES effect on the HRF is critical to the fMRI-tES studies. Future studies also need to address the trade-off between bias (in canonical HRF) and variance (in FIR HRF) that can be achieved by applying a mechanistic grey-box model.
Time-restricted eating to address cancer-related fatigue among cancer survivors: A single-arm pilot study
Authors: Kleckner Amber S. , Altman Brian J. , Reschke Jennifer E. , Kleckner Ian R. , Culakova Eva , Dunne Richard F. , Mustian Karen M. , Peppone Luke J.
Published: March 2022

Purpose
Cancer-related fatigue is a prevalent, debilitating condition that can persist for months or years after treatment. In a single-arm clinical trial, the feasibility and safety of a time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention were evaluated among cancer survivors, and initial estimates of within-person change in cancer-related fatigue were obtained.
Methods
Participants were 4–60 months post-cancer treatment, were experiencing fatigue (≥ 3 on a scale 0–10), and were not following TRE. TRE entailed limiting all food and beverages to a self-selected 10-h window for 14 days. Participants reported their eating window in a daily diary and completed the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), and symptom inventory pre- and post-intervention.
Results
Participants (n = 39) were 61.5 ± 12.4 years old and 1.8 ± 1.3 years post-treatment; 89.7% had had breast cancer. The intervention was feasible in that 36/39 (92.3%) of participants completed all questionnaires and daily diaries. It was also safe with no severe adverse events or rapid weight loss (average loss of 1.1 ± 2.3 pounds, p = 0.008). Most adhered to TRE; 86.1% ate within a 10-h window at least 80% of the days, and the average eating window was 9.33 ± 1.05 h. Fatigue scores improved 5.3 ± 8.1 points on the FACIT-F fatigue subscale (p < 0.001, effect size [ES] = 0.55), 30.6 ± 35.9 points for the FACIT-F total score (p < 0.001, ES = 0.50), and − 1.0 ± 1.7 points on the BFI (p < 0.001, ES=-0.58).
Conclusion
A 10-h TRE intervention was feasible and safe among survivors, and fatigue improved with a moderate effect size after two weeks. This study supports evaluation of TRE in randomized controlled trials to address persistent cancer-related fatigue.
Trial registration:
This study was pre-registered at clinicaltrials.gov under number NCT04243512 in January 2020.
The inhibition of proliferation and invasion of human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2 cells) by cell-free supernatants from Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Lactobacillus Acidophilus
Authors: Abroun Saeid , Shokati Ameneh , Soleimani& Masoud
Published: March 2022

Background: The epidemiological studies indicated that colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and is considered a leading cause of cancer-related death. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of lactobacillus acidophilus(PTCC 1643) supernatant (LAS) and lactobacillus rhamnosus (PTCC 1657)supernatant (LRS) on the growth and invasiveness of the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco2) in-vitro. Methods: In this experimental study, the anti-proliferative activity and anti-invasion potential of LAS and LRS were determined by MTT and transwell chambers assays, respectively. The expression of mitochondrial membrane potential-9 (MMP-9) and matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12) genes were analyzed by real-time PCR.Results: The results indicated that supernatants of these two lactobacilli had cytotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells at a concentration of 25% v/v and higher. Thus, the minimum concentrations (25% V/V) of supernatants were chosen for further experiments. LAS and LRS could significantly suppress the invasiveness of Caco-2 cells. Also, the expression of MMP12 was significantly increased in Caco-2 cells when treated with LAS, whereas LRS had no significant effect on the invasive capacity and the gene expression levels of MMP12. The expression of MMP-9 was statistically decreased in Caco2 cells treated with LAS and LRS (P<0.00001).Conclusion: In general, it was shown that LAS and LRS exert anti-cancer activity against the growth, invasion, and metastasis of Caco2 cells in-vitro. It seems that these two bacteria could be used as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Paracelsus 10,000: A prospective cohort study based on the population of Salzburg, Austria. Rationale, objectives and study design
Authors: Frey Vanessa , Langthaler Patrick , Raphaelis Emanuel , Ring-Dimitriou Susanne , Kedenko Ludmilla , Aigner Elmar , Martinz Jennifer , Gostner Isabella , Bathke Arne , Fartacek Reinhold , Sungler Paul , Studnicka Michael , Haschke-Becher Elisabeth , Trinka Eugen , Iglseder Bernhard , Paulweber Bernhard
Published: March 2022

Background
Paracelsus 10,000 is a prospective cohort study with the objective to investigate the health status of the population in and around the city of Salzburg. The focus lies on common non-communicable diseases, mainly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and their risk factors.
Methods
Inhabitants of the city of Salzburg and the surrounding were randomly selected and underwent a preventive medical checkup. The program included medical examinations, as well as inventories on mental disorders and lifestyle including nutrition and physical activity. From all study participants biological samples were stored in a biobank at -80°C enabling future investigations of biomarkers and utilization of the whole spectrum of multi-omics.
Results
Between the years 2013 and 2020, 10,062 participants, 5,187 women and 4,875 men aged between 23 and 77 years, were investigated in the study. Participants of the age group 50-59 years, making up 42.3% of the cohort were in the focus of the study. In this group, 2620 participants underwent an extended investigation program.
Conclusion
The Paracelsus 10,000 study has attained a unique position within the framework of Austrian epidemiological research with the potential to gain new insight into the role of interactions between genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors for disease development in the Salzburg population. This report describes rationale, objectives and design of the study and provides insight into the main characteristics of the study cohort.
Fast And Robust Imputation For Mirna Expression Data Using Constrained Least Squares
Authors: Webber James , Elias Kevin
Published: March 2022

High dimensional transcriptome profiling, whether through next generation sequencing techniques or high-throughput arrays, may result in scattered variables with missing data. Data imputation is a common strategy to maximize the inclusion of samples by using statistical techniques to fill in missing values. However, many data imputation methods are cumbersome and risk introduction of systematic bias. Here we present a new data imputation method using constrained least squares and algorithms from the inverse problems literature and present applications for this technique in miRNA expression analysis. The proposed technique is shown to offer an imputation orders of magnitude faster, with greater than or equal accuracy when compared to similar methods from the literature.
Research of garlic preservation depending on treatment with hydrophobic protective coatings and growth-inhibiting substances
Authors: Pusik Ludmila , Pusik Vlаdimir , Bondarenko Veronika , Gaevaya Ludmila , Kyruchina Natalja , Kuts Oleksandr , Slobodianyk Galina , Nakloka Olga
Published: March 2022

The aim of the work was to improve the elements of garlic bulb storage technology by using hydrophobic protective coatings, growth inhibitors. The study allows you to choose protective coatings of garlic bulbs for long-term storage and extend the duration of storage.It has been found, that the loss of weight of garlic bulbs during storage depends on the method of storage and type of treatment of garlic plants. Weight loss during storage in boxes with polyethylene inserts is reduced by 2 times, bulbs, treated with paraffin, – by 3.4 times. Treatment of plants with maleic acid hydrazide (MAH) reduces weight loss by 1.7 times. After 6 months of storage, the loss due to dry matter ranged from 51.7 to 69.7 % of weight loss.It has been found, that the treatment of plants by MAH helps to reduce losses due to germination of bulbs, damage by microorganisms, drying compared to the control version and storage in boxes with polyethylene inserts. The highest yield of 91.8 % of commercial bulbs is provided by their treatment with paraffin. Analysis of variance showed that the method of storage affects the preservation of garlic by 98 %, the development of diseases – by 54 %. Treatment by MAH affected the germination of bulbs by 98 %. Based on the obtained results, a correlation analysis was performed and the linear dependence of the weight loss of winter garlic bulbs depending on the peculiarities of the storage method was established
GIANT SILENT CORTICOTROPIC ADENOMA IN AN ADOLESCENT: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition., Nkoua S.E. , Ait Si Ali Z. ,   Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition., Rafi S. ,   Mohammed VI University Hospitalcenter, Marrakech, Morocco., Mghari G. El ,   Mohammed VI University Hospitalcenter, Marrakech, Morocco., Ansari N. El ,   Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition.
Published: March 2022

Pituitary tumors in children and adolescents are dominated by craniopharyngiomas (80-90%) followed by adenomas. Silent pituitary adenomas in children and adolescents are rare represent only 4-6% of all adenomas. We present the case of a silent giant corticotropic adenoma revealed by pituitary tumoral syndrome in an adolescent. This is a 17-year-old patient operated for an invasive interstellar and suprasellar mass of 34x63x42 mm revealed by intense headaches, blindness in the left eye and a significant decrease in visual acuity in the right eye evolving for 1 month in a context of growth retardation for 4 years, without signs of associated pituitary hormonal hypersecretion. immunohistochemistry had concluded to a corticotropic adenoma. control hypothalamic-pituitary MRI showed persistence of the sellar and suprasellar mass of 33x31x34 mm. The patient had been referred for revision surgery. Silent adenomas are rare in childhood and adolescence let alone giant corticotropic silent adenomas. They are associated with significant morbidity due to their location, their mass effect and / or their interference with normal pituitary hormonal functions. Surgical treatment remains the first-line treatment. Long-term follow-up remains essential to detect recurrence and to manage the various pituitary deficits.
PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT OF NATURE IN ROMANTIC POETRY
Authors:   Associate Professor of English, Makawanpur Multiple Campus, Hetauda, Nepal., Raj Sharma Lok
Published: March 2022

Love for nature is one of the perennial characteristics perceived in Romantic poetry. English Romantic poets employ nature as an influential theme in their poetry: however their treatment of nature does not sound to be similar. This article aims at differentiating English Romantic poets preferential treatment of nature succinctly by including ten poems of five noted English Romantic poets, namely Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats. This article concludes that nature for Wordsworth is a sort of God or Goddess for Coleridge it is an expression of the mystical power for Byron it is a reï¬‚ection of mankind for Shelley it is a healing power and for Keats it is a source of sensuousness inflaming sensual pleasures.
LES POLYENDOCRINOPATHIES AUTO IMMUNES AU COURS DU DIABETE TYPE 1
Authors:   Service dEndocrinologie, Diabetologie, Maladies Metaboliques Et Nutrition CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech., Bammou S. , NKoua S.E ,   Service dEndocrinologie, Diabetologie, Maladies Metaboliques Et Nutrition CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech., Rafi S. ,   Service dEndocrinologie, Diabetologie, Maladies Metaboliques Et Nutrition CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech., Mghari G. El ,   Service dEndocrinologie, Diabetologie, Maladies Metaboliques Et Nutrition CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech., Ansari N. El ,   Service dEndocrinologie, Diabetologie, Maladies Metaboliques Et Nutrition CHU Mohamed VI, Marrakech.
Published: March 2022

Les polyendocrinopathies auto-immunes (PEAI) designent lapparition de deux ou plusieurs atteintes endocrines auto-immunes, associees ou non a dautres maladies auto-immunes non endocrines. Le diabete de type 1 saccompagne dune frequence elevee de maladies auto-immunes. Lobjectif de notre travail est determiner les differents aspects epidemiologiques, cliniques, immunologiques, therapeutiques des polyendocrinopathies autoimmunes au cours du diabete de type 1 et danalyser les resultats obtenus. Patients et methode : Il sagit dune etude retrospective portant sur 44 patients diabetiques de type 1, atteints dune polyendocrinopathies autoimmunes et suivis au service dEndocrinologie du CHU Mohammed VI ou a la consultation dediee au diabetique type 1. Resultats : Notre population comportait 32 femmes et 12 hommes. LÃ¢ge moyen a la decouverte du diabete type 1 etait de 12,77 Â± 6.26 ans. Lindice de masse corporelle moyen de nos patientes etait de 21,29 Â± 4,13 .Un terrain dautoimmunite familiale a ete retrouve chez 7 patients. Un seul patient avait une PEAI type 1 associant une candidoses cutaneo-muqueuses chroniques, hypoparathyroÃ¯die, une insuffisance surrenalienne, une insuffisance pancreatique exocrine et un diabete de type 1. Une PEAI type II a ete retrouvee chez 14 patients dont 2 patients avaient un syndrome de Schmidt. 17 patients avaient une PEAI type 3 : 15 patients avait une maladie de Hashimoto et diabete de type 1, 1 patient avait une maladie de Hashimoto, la maladie coeliaque et un diabete de type 1, un seul patient avait une maladie de Basedow associee au diabete de type 1. 12 patients avaient une PEAI type 4 associant un diabete de type 1 et une maladie coeliaque. La prise en charge therapeutique sest basee sur un traitement substitutif (hydrocortisone, levothyrox, insuline, calcium, unlfa), les antithyroidiens de synthese, le regime sans gluten et avec une education et surveillance des patients et leurs membres de famille. Conclusion : A travers cette etude, nous avons pu mettre en relief les caracteristiques epidemiologiques , cliniques, immunologiques, therapeutiques des PEA au cours du diabete de type 1et on a pu montrer que lassociation du diabete type 1 a la PEA type 3 represente lassociation la plus frequente.