bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An atomistic Monte Carlo simulation of precipitation in a binary system
Authors: Binkele Peter , Schmauder Siegfried
Published: February 2022

An atomistic Monte Carlo simulation of coherent precipitation on a body-centred cubic crystal lattice is presented. A binary system with atom types A and B is considered, while the ‘diffusion’ of the atoms is realized via a vacancy mechanism. Starting with a random distribution of 91% A atoms and 9% B atoms, the formation and growth of precipitates is simulated at a constant temperature of 773 K. As a result of the simulation, the precipitate radii distributions at different states of the system and the time evolution of the precipitate mean radii have been calculated. The results of the simulation are compared with the predictions of the classical Lifshitz – Slyozov–Wagner (LSW) theory. At the beginning of precipitation the mean radius

R
¯

(
t
)

$\bar{R}(t)$

grows proportional to t
0.180, while at later states the growth exponent approaches the classical value of 1/3. In order to reveal the growth exponent’s exact value, an even larger simulation is required, which remains as an interesting task for the future.
Combined scanning probe microscopy and electron microscopy study of microstructure evolution in copper processed by equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Rabkin Eugen , Gorni David , Gutman Itamar , Buchman Eli , Kazakevich Michael
Published: February 2022

We produced submicrocrystalline Cu using the equal channel angular pressing technique with four passes. The as-deformed samples exhibited a high yield strength > 400 MPa and a poor elongation before failure < 20%. The majority of the grain boundaries after equal channel angular pressing were of the low-angle type. A series of heat treatments in the temperature range 220 – 300 °C was performed and partly recrystallized microstructures with different fractions of recrystallized grains were obtained. The microstructures were analyzed by a combination of transmission electron microscopy, orientation image microscopy, light microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. The increase in ductility in partly recrystallized samples was accompanied by a decrease in the yield strength. It was suggested that to obtain a bulk nanocrystalline material which is both strong and ductile the majority of the grain boundaries should be of the high-angle type. It is shown that the scanning probe microscopy technique allows one to determine the microstructure of partly and fully recrystallized samples and to draw qualitative conclusions about the defects density and their distribution in the sample.
Thermodynamics of liquid Al–In, Ag–In and In–Sb alloys from a four-atom cluster model
Authors: Akinlade O. , Hussain L. A. , Awe O. E.
Published: February 2022

A model based on a cluster of four atoms has been used to obtain higher-order conditional probabilities that describe the atomic correlations in Al–In, Ag–In and In–Sb liquid alloys. Using the value of the ordering energy obtained from the model, some thermodynamic quantities such as Gibbs energy of mixing and concentration-concentration fluctuations in the long wavelength limit were calculated for these alloys. Our study of the energetics of these liquid alloys reveals that while In–Sb and Ag–In are both chemically ordered or heterocoordinated systems, Al–In is a segregating system. Furthermore, the degree of order in liquid In–Sb alloys is higher than that in liquid Ag–In alloys.
Effect of microstructural variation on the Cu/CK45 carbon steel friction weld joint
Authors: Lee W. B. , Jung S. B.
Published: February 2022

The mechanical properties of friction-welded pure Cu/CK45 carbon steel joints have been studied. The joint strength increased with increasing upset pressure till it reached a critical value. However, the joint strength was fixed at a low strength with increasing friction time, compared to that of the Cu base metal. The hardness near the interface at the Cu side was softer than that of the base metal due to the dynamically recrystallized and annealed grain. The width of the softened region became wider with increasing friction time and decreasing upset pressure. But the hardness of the CK45 carbon steel side showed a slightly higher value than that of the base metal. This result was explained by the formation of martensite structure at the CK45 carbon steel side during the welding process.
Effect of modes of rolling on evolution of texture in pure copper and some copper base alloys
Authors: Suwas Satyam , Singh A. K. , Rao K. Narasimha , Singh T.
Published: February 2022

The present study was aimed at examining the effect of modes of rolling and subsequent annealing on yield locus anisotropy and its dependence on microstructure and texture. The materials, pure Cu, Cu(Cr) alloy and Cu(P) alloy, have been subjected to equal amount of cold rolling reductions by unidirectional, two-step cross rolling and multistep cross rolling and consequent changes in yield loci has been examined. The yield loci have been determined by the Knoop hardness method. The results show that the alloys exhibit marked anisotropy after direct as well as cross rolling. Annealing of the rolled materials brings down the extent of anisotropy.
Comparison of hardness and Young’s modulus by single indentation and multiple unloading indentation
Authors: Schiffmann Kirsten I. , Küster Rolf L. A.
Published: February 2022

Multiple partial unloading indentation is a useful technique for depth-dependent nanoindentation yielding up to 20 hardness and modulus values of different depth with one single measurement. A comparison between multiple partial unloading indentation and conventional single unloading technique is presented. A representative selection of materials (sapphire, TiN, DLC, tool steel, Ti alloy and aluminium) has been tested and it is found that both methods give comparable results. Soft materials as Al or Ti show certain deviations of about + 11 ± 4% in hardness and + 3.1 ± 1.2% for the modulus. For all other materials, the difference is + 2.2 ± 1.0% for the hardness and –2.1 ± 2.2% for the modulus. Possible reasons for these small systematic deviations will be discussed.
Nanomechanical characterization of Ti-base nanostructure-dendrite composite
Authors: Alcalá G. , Mato S. , Woodcock T. G. , Eckert J. , Gebert A. , Schultz L. , Hangen U.
Published: February 2022

The present work represents the first localized nanomechanical analysis of the single phases present in an alloy, providing a better understanding of the macroscopic behaviour of the material. The Ti60Cu14Ni12Sn4Nb10 and Ti60Cu14 Ni12Sn4Ta10 alloys under investigation show a very similar elastic response of the nanostructured matrix in spite of a slightly higher hardness in the latter. Nevertheless, the dendritic phase exhibits substantially higher values of hardness for both alloys, with an increase of about 32% in both cases. The elastic modulus increases by up to 36% in the Ta-containing alloy and by up to 23% in the Nb-containing alloy, compared to the matrix. The different nanomechanical response explains, together with the effect of the dendrites restricting crack propagation, the increased ductility of the Nb-containing alloy compared with the Ta-containing alloy.
Surface topography and nanomechanical/tribological behaviour of ultrathin nitride films on silicon
Authors: Wyrobek J. T. , Malyska K. , Wrzesinska H. , Rymuza Z.
Published: February 2022

Surface topography and roughness characteristics were studied based on the analysis of three dimensional atomic force microscopy images of several multilayer ultrathin-film samples. TiN, CrN and NbN (200 nm thick) were deposited on single crystal n-type silicon without or with a 200 nm thick underlayer of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. The nitride films were deposited by physical vapour deposition technique and the underlayer films by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. Nanomechanical studies and nanotribological tests were also conducted to investigate the properties of such films as possible candidates for protective layers on rubbing elements of micro-electromechanical systems. The effect of the underlayer on the surface properties and the mechanical/tribological behaviour was evaluated as well.
Technique for measuring the residual strain in strained Si/SiGe MOSFET structures using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Dobrosz P. , Bull S. J. , Olsen S. H. , O’Neill A. G.
Published: February 2022

A measurement technique for studying the strain in Si/SiGe layers has been developed based on Raman spectroscopy using a laser microprobe. The Si/SiGe layers were grown by ultra-low pressure chemical vapour deposition in a modified molecular beam epitaxy system. The structures consisted of a strained Si grown on relaxed Si1– x
Ge
x
(x = 0.1, 0.15 . . . 0.35), where the Si channel thickness was varied between 5 and 10 nm. Raman spectroscopy using a 514 nm laser indicated a significant shift in the Si peak from the SiGe layer; the position of this peak is related to the strain in the layer and strongly depends on Ge content, decreasing with increasing Ge in the virtual substrate. However, the strained Si peak shows a considerable overlap with the Si in SiGe peak and is difficult to deconvolute by conventional peak fitting approaches. The residual strain in the thin heterostructure Si/SiGe layers was, therefore, investigated before and after selectively etching the Si. The strain in the channel increased with Ge content in the underlying SiGe as expected, confirming that the high-temperature device processing did not degrade the channel macrostrain.
Twin-roll cast Al–Mg –Si sheet for automotive applications
Authors: Birol Yücel
Published: February 2022

Twin-roll casting (TRC) is well established as an economical method for producing aluminum foil and sheet for various applications. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in using TRC as a method to produce low-cost/high-quality aluminum sheet for automotive structural applications. The potential of TRC process in the manufacture of AA5XXX sheet for automotive structural applications has recently been demonstrated. The present work was undertaken to implement TRC technology and to develop processing cycles for the manufacture of twin-roll cast AA6016 sheet for inner and outer panel applications.
Microstructural characteristics of 3-d networks
Authors: Glicksman M. E. , Rios P. R.
Published: February 2022

The structural characteristics of three-dimensional (3-d) irregular networks, such as random polycrystals, are described using scaling arguments based on the properties of Average N-hedra (ANH’s). ANH’s comprise a special set of highly symmetric polyhedral cells that satisfy topological and geometrical criteria demanded in 3-d space-filling networks. All the geometrical properties of ANH’s may be obtained from exact analytical expressions already derived in [1]. The utility and ease of use of these formulas have been carefully checked against accurate simulations of the excess free energy and evolution kinetics of foams and polycrystals. The vertex-to-vertex distance is chosen in this paper as the consistent gauge to estimate an important microstructure feature set presented here for irregular 3-d networks. In the case of annealed polycrystals this includes the total grain boundary area and its associated stored energy per unit volume, the triple line length per unit volume, and the number density of triple lines and quadra-junctions – all of which may be expressed in terms of the polycrystal's grain number density.
The influence of triple junction kinetics on the evolution of polycrystalline materials during normal grain growth: New evidence from in-situ experiments using columnar Al foil
Authors: Piazolo S. , Sursaeva V. G. , Prior D. J.
Published: February 2022

During grain growth in 2D systems triple junction kinetics may significantly influence not only the rate of grain growth but also the geometric evolution of the grain boundary network. In this contribution we analyse results from in-situ heating experiments coupled with electron backscatter diffraction analysis using a columnar Al foil. It is shown that (a) the von Neumann– Mullins relation is not always satisfied, (b) there is a marked discontinuity and heterogeneity in TJ motion in space and time and (c) grain boundaries evolve from predominately curved to straight boundaries. To interpret these results we introduce 3 main types of triple junctions Tc, Tp, and Ts, which are made up by at least 2 concave, 2 convex, and 3 straight boundaries, respectively. Analyses show that triple junction drag plays a significant role during grain growth. Data suggest that the drag effect of Tp is higher than that of Tc. In addition, triple junctions with 3 low-angle boundaries are exceptionally stable, while those with at least 2 high-angle boundaries are unstable and tend to disappear during grain growth. Only ~ 20% of grain boundaries exhibit steady state triple junction motion.
A mechanism of plane matching boundary-assisted α/γ phase transformation in Fe–Cr alloy based on in-situ observations
Authors: Watanabe Tadao , Obara Kouichi , Tsurekawa Sadahiro , Gottstein Günter
Published: February 2022

On the basis of in-situ observations of the α/γ phase transformation in an iron-4.2 at.% Cr alloy, it was found that triple junctions with more random boundaries can be preferential sites for nucleation and that a two-stage migration of α/γ interphase boundaries can occur with highly different velocities, i. e. of 0.23 ~ 0.43 μm/sec for the α/γ two phase temperature region and 2.6 ~ 44 μm/sec for the c single phase region. The origin of the observed high migration velocities of α/c interphase boundaries and the generalized K-S orientation relationship between a new phase and the matrix are discussed on the basis of a possible role of {111}γ//{110}α plane matching interphase boundaries in the α/γ phase transformation.
Nanoindentation investigation of solid-solution strengthening in III-V semiconductor alloys
Authors: Bourhis Eric Le , Patriarche Gilles
Published: February 2022

III-V semiconductor alloys have been grown onto lattice-matched substrates. These systems correspond to In
x
Ga1 –x
As with x ≈ 0.5 grown on InP, and to In
y
Ga1–
y
P with y ≈ 0.5 grown on GaAs and were used in order to produce epitaxial layers free of structural defects (threading dislocations). InGaP alloys, in contrast to InGaAs, are known to order partially to a degree η that can be controlled by the growth temperature and substrate orientation (here, η could be adjusted in the range 0 – 0.5). Nanoindentation tests were carried out to measure the mechanical response of the heteroepitaxial layers. Transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the structure as well as the plastic zones generated into the specimen by nanoindentation. Comparison of the alloys with binary references (InAs, InP, GaAs, GaP bare substrates) showed strengthening, with the hardness and flow-stress values being much larger than those of binary softer reference materials (InP and InAs).
Adhesive and nanomechanical properties of polymeric films deposited on silicon
Authors: Falkowska D. , Zielecka M. , Balabanava N. V. , Nowek A. , Rymuza Z.
Published: February 2022

Silicone polymeric films were deposited on silicon substrate, and their adhesive and nanomechanical properties were studied. The surface characterization and tribological (wear) behaviour were investigated using atomic force microscopy. The surface Gibbs energy was estimated locally, using a special test rig where the contact angle of very small (with a diameter of about 100 μm) sessile drops was measured by processing of the image from a camera. The nanomechanical properties of the films were tested by using Hysitron’s test instruments. Such films seem to be interesting for application on contact surfaces of microgrippers used in assembly processes in micro electro mechanical systems and nanotechnologies.
Modelling of the nanoindentation process of ultrathin films
Authors: Zimmerman J. , Majewski T. , Rymuza Z.
Published: February 2022

A model of the nanoindentation process was elaborated using the finite-element method. The ADINA software was used in the computation of the load – displacement curve. The distribution of stresses in the TiN film on a smooth substrate (Si) was found. The influence of mechanical material properties of the film and substrate on the process of indentation and the stress distribution was considered. The effect of yield stress, tip’s radius and hardening modulus was discussed. The results were compared with the results of experimental nanoindentation tests performed for ultrathin films.
SCARF: a biomedical association rule finding webserver
Authors: Szalkai Balázs , Grolmusz Vince
Published: February 2022

The analysis of enormous datasets with missing data entries is a standard task in biological and medical data processing. Large-scale, multi-institution clinical studies are the typical examples of such datasets. These sets make possible the search for multi-parametric relations since from the plenty of the data one is likely to find a satisfying number of subjects with the required parameter ensembles. Specifically, finding combinatorial biomarkers for some given condition also needs a very large dataset to analyze. For fast and automatic multi-parametric relation discovery association-rule finding tools are used for more than two decades in the data-mining community. Here we present the SCARF webserver for generalized association rule mining. Association rules are of the form: a AND b AND … AND x → y, meaning that the presence of properties a AND b AND … AND x implies property y; our algorithm finds generalized association rules, since it also finds logical disjunctions (i.e., ORs) at the left-hand side, allowing the discovery of more complex rules in a more compressed form in the database. This feature also helps reducing the typically very large result-tables of such studies, since allowing ORs in the left-hand side of a single rule could include dozens of classical rules. The capabilities of the SCARF algorithm were demonstrated in mining the Alzheimer’s database of the Coalition Against Major Diseases (CAMD) in our recent publication (Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Vol. 73, pp. 300–307, 2017). Here we describe the webserver implementation of the algorithm.
Influence of imagery-based suggestions on performance during the training of professional firefighters
Authors: Coutté Alexandre , Harle Agathe , Dias Da Silva Laura
Published: February 2022

Objectives

For several decades, a growing number of studies have highlighted that imagery-based suggestions, can efficiently influence motor control and perception. In the present study, we tested whether imagery-based suggestions without hypnotic induction might influence physical resistance performance and effort perception in the context of French firefighters’ usual training.

Methods

A group of 18 male firefighters had to keep the wall-sit posture as long as they could while listening to different scripts. In the first condition, imagery was related to Lightness. In the second one, it was related to Heaviness. In the Control condition, they just had to listen and pay attention to series of two-digit numbers.

Results

Results showed that the participants kept the posture longer in the Lightness condition than in the Heaviness one. Furthermore the effort was perceived as less difficult in the Lightness condition in comparison to the Heaviness and the Control ones. Moreover in the Lightness condition, the higher the participants scored in visual and kinesthetic imagery tasks (MIQ-R), the less they rated the exercise as difficult.

Conclusions

Imagery-based suggestions significantly influenced both physical resistance performance and effort perception without any prior hypnotic induction. Further studies are necessary to better understand the factors that modulate this influence.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with delivery techniques for impacted fetal head at cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rada Maria Patricia , Ciortea Răzvan , Măluțan Andrei Mihai , Prundeanu Ioana , Doumouchtsis Stergios K. , Bucuri Carmen Elena , Blaga Ligia Daniela , Mihu Dan
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Late first-stage or second-stage cesarean section is commonly associated with fetal head impaction, leading to maternal and neonatal complications. This situation requires safe delivery techniques, but the optimal management remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with delivery techniques via cesarean section.

Methods

An electronic search of three databases, from inception to June 2021, was conducted. Cohort and randomised comparative studies on maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with techniques to deliver an impacted fetal head during cesarean section were included. The methodological quality of the primary studies was assessed. Review Manager 5.4 was used for statistical analyses.

Results

Nineteen articles, including 2,345 women were analyzed. Three fetal extraction techniques were identified. Meta-analyses showed that the “pull” technique carries lower risks as compared to the “push” technique and the “Patwardhan” technique is safer compared to the “push” or the “push and pull” technique.

Conclusions

In the absence of robust evidence to support the use of a specific technique, the choice of the obstetrician should be based on best available evidence. Our study suggests that the “pull”, as well as the “Patwardhan” technique represent safe options to deliver an impacted fetal head.
Goodness-of-Fit Tests for SPARMA Models with Dependent Error Terms
Authors: Boubacar Maïnassara Yacouba , Ilmi Amir Abdoulkarim
Published: February 2022

In this paper we consider tests for lack of fit in a class of seasonal periodic autoregressive moving average (SPARMA) models under the assumption that the errors are uncorrelated but non-independent (i.e. weak SPARMA models). We derive the asymptotic distributions of residual and normalized residual empirical autocovariances and autocorrelations of these weak SPARMA models. We then deduce the modified portmanteau statistics. We establish the asymptotic behavior of the proposed statistics, which can be quite different from the usual chi-squared approximation used under independent and identically distributed (iid) assumptions on the noise. We also propose another test based on a self-normalization approach to cheek the adequacy of SPARMA models. A set of Monte Carlo experiments and an application to the daily returns of the SP500 are presented.
Crystal structure of bis[hydrido-hexaphenylcarbodiphosphoran][tetra-trifluoromethyl-(μ-diiodo)-diplatinat]
Authors: Petz Wolfgang , Neumüller Bernhard
Published: February 2022

C86H78F12I2O2P4Pt2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 11.520(1) Å, b = 12.196(1) Å, c = 15.382(2) Å, α = 73.20(1)°, β = 75.18(1)°, γ = 86.81(1)°, V = 2000.1(4) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0631, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1759, T = 193(2) K.
A numerical study on the low-velocity impact behavior of the Twaron®fabric subjected to oblique impact
Authors: Huang Canyi , Cui Lina , Xia Hong , Qiu Yiping , Ni Qing-Qing
Published: February 2022

In this study, a finite element low-velocity impact model of Twaron®plain-woven fabric was created and analyzed using the commercial code ANSYS®-AUTODYN, and then was validated by drop-weight impact experiments. As a bullet or a fragment can strike a protective system from any angle in space, it is necessary to investigate fragment impact behavior response to impact threats from all angles of space. Therefore, in-plane obliquityθ, and spatial obliquityφ, were employed in this study and 17 different simulation test impact scenarios with different impact obliquity values were carried out using a standard hemispherical-head impactor. Results showed that the energy absorption of Twaron®fabric decreases with increasingθ, whereas under the sameθ, the energy absorption increases with increasingφ. This study also evaluated and compared the low-velocity impact performance of Twaron®fabric as a function of impactor shape, such as hemispherical, flat, and ogival heads, with differentθ. The results showed that under the same density, volume, and diameter conditions and at the normal impact scenario of a flat-head impactor, the fracture mechanism of the yarn is the same with all impact scenarios for a hemispherical-head impactor; the contacted yarns of the fabric fractured almost simultaneously. For the other oblique impact scenarios of the flat-head impactor, as well as impact scenarios of the ogival-head impactor, the yarns of the fabric fractured intermittently. Additionally, for the impact scenario with the ogival-head impactor, the effect of impact obliquity on energy absorption of the fabric was completely opposite to that of the hemispherical-head impact scenario. This is because in the hemispherical-head impact scenario, the fabric yarn tends to be damaged by tension, whereas in the ogival-head impact scenario, the fabric tends to be damaged by out-of-plane shear. These findings provide important guidance for the engineering of soft body armor and composite materials.
GAN-regularized augmentation strategy for spectral datasets
Authors: Anastasiadis Johannes , Heizmann Michael
Published: February 2022

Artificial neural networks are used in various fields including spectral unmixing, which is used to determine the proportions of substances involved in a mixture, and achieve promising results. This is especially true if there is a non-linear relationship between the spectra of mixtures and the spectra of the substances involved (pure spectra). To achieve sufficient results, neural networks need lots of representative training data. We present a method that extends existing training data for spectral unmixing consisting of spectra of mixtures by learning the mixing characteristic using an artificial neural network. Spectral variability is considered by random inputs. The network structure used is a generative adversarial net that takes the dependence on the abundances of pure substances into account by an additional term in its objective function, which is minimized during training. After training further data for abundance vectors for which there is no real measurement data in the original training dataset can be generated. A neural network trained with the augmented training dataset shows better performance in spectral unmixing compared to being trained with the original dataset. The presented network structure improves already existing results obtained with a generative convolutional neural network, which is superior to model-based approaches.
Monitoring the efficiency of microwave channels for receiving telemetry information using indirect parameters
Authors: Chmil V. V.
Published: February 2022

The paper presents an analysis of existing methods of controlling the efficiency of multipart radio engineering systems and their individual components. The authors consider the situations when traditional methods do not allow controlling the efficiency of the system in operational mode. The study substantiates the practicability and possibility of estimating the efficiency of microwave channels for receiving telemetry information from artificial space objects according to indirect criteria.
The principle of forming a list of indirect control criteria is demonstrated on the example of the functional diagram of the radio receiver system of the RT-32 C, X, K radio telescope. The study formulates the principles of creating a system designed to control the parameters of the information channel of such a microwave radio receiver system by controlling indirect parameters which correspond to the chosen criteria and the list of the basic parameters. A list of indirect parameters affecting the performance of the entire system by controlling the characteristics of its main parameters has been created. The paper carefully considers the problems that arise when equipping the radio receiver system with built-in tools for controlling and managing the indirect parameters. A system of nominal equations is designed for estimating the state of the basic parameters of the components of the radio receiver system. Each of the indirect parameters is codified in digital form. An example of a block diagram of a distributed control and management system for complex radio devices is presented.
The authors determine acceptable deviations for the indirect parameters relative to the nominal values of the direct parameters for controlling the state of both individual devices and the whole multipart system. It is proposed to implement a control and management system of a complex system by using a specialized controller-based circuit board built into each functional device of the radio receiver system. One possible version of such board, its design and all functional units are considered in detail.
The proposed methods of controlling and managing the state of a multipart radio-technical system when receiving telemetric information directly in the working mode has been successfully approved during a series of radio astronomical studies on RT-32 C, X, K radio telescope at the Space Researches and Communications Center of the State Space Agency of Ukraine.
Revised Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Acute Pancreatitis: Severity Assessment
Authors: Jo Jung Hyun , Jang Dong Kee , Lee Sang Hyub , Jung Min Kyu , Lee Dong Ho
Published: February 2022

The severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) is classified into mild, moderately severe, and severe, considering the presence and duration of organ failure and local complications. Since patients with AP show a large difference in mortality and morbidity according to AP severity, evaluation of the severity of patients with AP in the early stage is important for predicting the prognosis and determining treatment plans including transfer to the intensive care unit or advanced facilities. In order to evaluate the initial severity of AP, it is necessary to confirm the presence of organ failure and objective evaluation using imaging or clinical examinations. In this guideline, it is recommended that evaluation using various severity indices such as bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE)-II scores be considered.
Revised Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Pancreatobiliary Association for Acute Pancreatitis: Treatment of Local Complication and Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Authors: Choi Young Hoon , Kim Tae Hyeon , Seo Hyung-Il , Han Sung Yong
Published: February 2022

In severe acute pancreatitis, accompanied by local complications such as acute peripancreatic fluid collection, pancreatic pseudocyst, acute necrotic collection and walled-off necrosis, the mortality rate is as high as 12-25%. In many cases, interventional procedure or surgical treatment are required at an appropriate time. Conservative treatment is considered for acute peripancreatic fluid collection. Endoscopic drainage could be considered preferentially for the treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts with clinical symptoms or complications. In the case of necrotizing pancreatitis, conservative treatment is preferred, but therapeutic intervention should be considered if infectious pancreatic necrosis with clinical deterioration is suspected. For therapeutic intervention, it is recommended to proceed with a step-up approach in which drainage is first performed and, if necessary, necrosectomy is performed. The optimal timing of intervention is considered 4 weeks after the onset of pancreatitis when necrosis become walled-off, but early drainage within 4 weeks can be considered depending on the patient's condition. This guideline provides an overview of current treatment strategies for local complications of acute pancreatitis.
Diagnosis and Management of Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Yoon Jai Hoon
Published: February 2022

Biliary tract cancer (BTC) are highly aggressive and fatal malignancies. As one of the leading cause of death in Republic of Korea, BTC amoung various malignancies has been one of major public health concerns in the country. Although BTCs, including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma, are relatively low-incidence malignancies compared to other cancer, but they represent a major health problem in endemic areas like Korea and Asia contries; moreover, the incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is rising globally. Surgery is the only curative treatment. The optimal surgical approach depends on the anatomical site of the primary tumour, and the best outcomes are achieved through management by specialist multidisciplinary team. Unfortunately, most patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. Only up to 20% of patients are diagnosed in early-stage, suitable for the curative surgery. Despite the surgery performed with potentially-curative intent, recurrence rates are high, around 60-70% of patients expected to have disease recurrence. In this review, we present an update of the causes, diagnosis, and treatment with a focus on chemotherapy of BTC.
The Provision of the Protection of the Rights of Internally Displaced Persons
Authors: Nikolenko Liudmyla
Published: February 2022

This article is devoted to the protection of the rights of internally displaced persons. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the current state of the rights of internally displaced persons, to identify problems in their implementation and to propose effective mechanisms for their protection. The author considers the rights of internally displaced persons depending on their specification, such as: social and pension assistance, housing, education and employment. The problem of the protection of the property of internally displaced persons is considered. It is determined that the protection of the property rights of internally displaced persons should be entrusted to the state, and effective mechanisms should be established at the legislative level to ensure the return of property or reimbursement of its value in the case of destruction or damage. The author draws attention to the fact that the realization of the rights of internally displaced persons is possible with the support not only of the state, but also of local authorities. The following scientific methods were used in writing the article: analysis and synthesis, the method of specific sociological research, systemic, structural-functional, synergetic, comparative-legal and other methods.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ТРІЩИНИ НА КОНТУРІ ОТВОРУ З ВКЛЮЧЕННЯМ
Authors: Дзюба А. П. , Пацюк А. Г.
Published: February 2022

Моделюється процес утворення тріщини в зразках із оптично активного матеріалу на контурі кругового отвору пластини із полікарбонату з використанням включень з матеріалу, виготовленого на основі епоксидної смоли. Дослідження проводились шляхом спільного використання поляризаційно-оптичного методу та методу каустик. Досліджено крихке і пластичне руйнування зразків в результаті появи і розвитку тріщини. Отримані залежності J-інтегралу від величини навантаження зразка на згинання. Вивчено вплив закріплення включень жорстким та еластичним клеями. Викладена методика експериментальних досліджень. Результати подані у вигляді графіків та картин ізохром і каустик.
ВПЛИВ КАРБІДОТИТАНОВИХ ПОКРИТТІВ НА ЗНОСОСТІЙКІСТЬ ТОРЦЕВИХ ФРЕЗ ЗІ ШВИДКОРІЗАЛЬНОЇ СТАЛІ
Authors: Каіров О. С. , Лимар O. O , Ошовський В. Я.
Published: February 2022

Наведено результати експериментальних досліджень зносостійкості ріжучих зубів торцевих фрез зі швидкорізальних сталей з карбідотитановим покриттям при обробці конструкційних хромистих сталей. Показано вплив технології нанесення зміцнюючих покриттів на їх структурні параметри і властивості, працездатність ріжучого інструменту. Описана методика проведення експерименту. Виконано рентгеноспектральний аналіз хімічного складу поверхневого шару різців. Представлена структура поверхні зносу і крихкого руйнування ріжучих зубів
Gesto, rosto e morte na Joana D’Arc de Dreyer
Authors: Marcondes Ciro Inácio , Castanheira Rafael
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho faz uma análise do filme O martírio de Joana D’Arc, de Carl Dreyer, a partir de 3 vértices que compõem uma axiologia do cinema silencioso. Em primeiro lugar, o gesto, que disputa com a imagem o privilégio de fundar a expressão silenciosa. Em segundo lugar, o rosto, atuando ora como “buraco negro” deleuziano, e ora como código semiológico através de uma sintagmática demonstrada nos procedimentos fílmicos. Por fim, somos levados a uma análise da morte no filme como aporia derridiana. O corolário teórico que norteia esta abordagem são as ideias de Antonin Artaud para o cinema.
Exfoliative Cheilitis More than an Aesthetic Problem: Case Report
Authors: Boza-Oreamuno Yadira V. , Mena-Lizano Andrés
Published: February 2022

Exfoliative cheilitis (EC) is a rare and chronic inflammatory condition. It is characterized by a continuous peeling of the vermilion of the lips and abnormal production of keratin scales. Treatment is difficult due to its chronic nature and it is often refractory. The objective of this article is to describe the management of EC and its impact on quality of life through two clinical cases. Two patients with EC are reported: one 21 years old with allergic rhinitis and gastric reflux, the other 18 years old, with a history of anxiety symptoms, without medication or psychiatric control. They had chronic scaly and crusty areas on both lip vermilions.  In one of the patients, a biopsy was prescribed and he was treated with antifungals and topical vitamin E. Both patients were prescribed hydration, balanced diet, the application of moisturizing lip balm with sunscreen and modification of parafunctional habits, behavioral aid.  The treatment healed the condition and eased their daily life and improved personal perception. Nibbling and lip licking favor dryness and superinfection in patients with EC; for its part, hydration, topical vitamin E and behavioral aid, improved this condition.
Significances of Marketing Education in Reducing Poverty in Indonesia; Special Review on Quality of Life
Authors: Luckyardi Senny , Hurriyati Ratih , Disman Disman , Dirgantari Puspo Dewi
Published: February 2022

Poverty in Indonesia has become a critical issue as a result of social and economic disparities.  The phenomenon is inextricably linked to education's role as a gateway to poverty alleviation.  One of the primary causes of entrepreneurial failure, is a lack of public knowledge about marketing.  From the stated problem, the purpose of this research is to investigate how marketing education. Because most previous research focused on unemployment and income levels as indicators of poverty, which did not explain the quality of life comprehensively, a review of the quality of life is required in this study.  Additionally, Man Whitney analysis was used to compare the quality of life in the two groups of respondents using a quantitative method.  Observations were also conducted for a period of six months.  WHOQOL-BREF was used as a research instrument and was distributed to Group 1.  Each respondent is from a different province in Indonesia.  The findings indicate that marketing education can help reduce poverty, resulting in significant improvements in quality of life.  Marketing knowledge leads to positive changes that have a significant impact on human well-being.  This research contributes to our understanding of marketing education as a means of reducing poverty.
The Indonesia – China Relations in the Natuna Sea Dispute Resolution: Struggle for Sovereignty
Authors: Darmayadi Andrias , Purnamasari Ervina Nabilah
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the process of resolving the Natuna sea dispute between Indonesia and China to obtain their respective sovereignty. The Natuna Sea is one of the outermost waters in Indonesia, which is unilaterally claimed by China with a nine-dash line claim or the South China Sea. This claim overlaps with Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the Natuna Sea. As a result of this claim, many Chinese fishers are free to go in and out of catching fish in Natuna Waters with illegal fishing status. The method used in this research was qualitative and descriptive research. The data collection technique was based on a literature study and was strengthened by interviewees. The study results show that this dispute resolution process is carried out through two approaches, namely the international law approach and the diplomatic approach. Because through these two approach strategies, this dispute resolution can be achieved very comprehensively. The legal approach was taken by submitting a Diplomatic Protest Note to China, while the diplomatic approach was taken by Indonesia and other ASEAN countries within the ASEAN WAY framework.
The Role of the Indonesian Government in the Era of Banking Disruption Innovation
Authors: Kurniati Poni Sukaesih , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: February 2022

Digital disruption innovation in the financial services industry is an innovation that has succeeded in changing the financial industry landscape, starting from its structure, technology, and marketing model. The emergence of the Financial Technology (Fintech) industry marks a disruptive innovation in the financial services industry. This study aims to analyze the role of the Indonesian government in the era of banking disruption. The research method used was descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach—data obtained through interviews and literature study, Bank Indonesia, the Indonesian Fintech Association, and the National Bank Association. Before the research started, the validity of the data was first tested. The results of the study state that the government encourages banking and fintech to grow side by side and is directed to collaborate immediately. The role of the government as a regulator has been performed by the Indonesian Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI, Central Bank of Indonesia) by issuing various regulations. The study concluded that there are three areas that regulators need to monitor and guard, including misuse of public funds, protection of the public, private data, and money laundering.
Praktik Jasa Penitipan Mobil di Rusunawa Tanah Merah Utara Surabaya menggunakan Teori Sadd Al-Dhariah
Authors: Fiqih M. Faizal
Published: February 2022

The practice of car care services in Rusunawa Tanah Merah Utara Surabaya is a service practice that uses an ijarah contract in accordance with the pillars and conditions of ijarah in Islamic law. However, the practice of custodial services has paved the way for fraudulent service actors, fraud in the results of service payments obtained every month. Due to the initial agreement between the person in charge of the care service and the manager and all residents of the flat, 60% of the income from the service goes to the flat cash and 40% is for the person in charge of the care service. However, the fact is that the results obtained by the person in charge of the care services are greater than the cash yields of the flats, this is not in accordance with the initial agreement. Then there is the negligence of the person in charge of the care service which results in losses for the car owner. In Sadd al-Dhari'ah theory, this kind of ijarah is not allowed and must be prevented. So that, the person in charge of the care service should pay attention to the agreement that has been agreed, be responsible for his duties with trust. For managers and other internal residents of the Flats, they should participate in monitoring the performance of the care services. Car owners should give a warning to the caretaker so that they are professionally responsible.
Pemanfaatan Tanah sebagai Jaminan Praktik Qard dalam Tinjauan Ekonomi Syari’ah
Authors: Abdussakur Abdussakur
Published: February 2022

Some Madurese people realize that the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use has several negative impacts. Apart from being contrary to al-Qur’an and Hadith, this tradition is also detrimental to the community because it results the guarantee provider is no longer being able to take advantage of it. The people of Somalang, Pakong, Pamekasan, Madura are with the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use until now. Actually, there are a number of people who do not agree with this tradition. However, their arguments are often lacking in strength. Considering that this tradition has been running for decades, so it cannot be separated from the live of the Madurese in general and the Somalang people in particular. This is a descriptive qualitative research and using a case study approach. Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use in Somalang is less profitable for the second party as the recipient of the guarantee. So that, in addition to injure the actual system of credit, this tradition also contradicts the shariah concept of tradition, credit, and the taking of benefit from the land as a guarantee.
Bi-periodic $r$-Fibonacci sequence and bi-periodic $r$-Lucas sequence of type $s$
Authors: AIT-AMRANE Nacima Rosa , BELBACHİR Hacène
Published: February 2022

In the present paper, for a positive integer $r$, we study bi-periodic $r$-Fibonacci sequence and its family of companion sequences, bi-periodic $r$-Lucas sequence of type $s$ with $1 \leq s \leq r$, which extend the classical Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. Afterwards, we establish the link between the bi-periodic $r$-Fibonacci sequence and its companion sequences. Furthermore, we give their properties as linear recurrence relations, generating functions, explicit formulas and Binet forms.
Product of matrix valued truncated Toeplitz operators
Authors: KHAN Muhammad Ahsan
Published: February 2022

Let $A_\Phi$ be a matrix valued truncated Toeplitz operator -- the compression of multiplication operator to the vector valued model space $H^2(E)\ominus \Theta H^2(E)$, where $\Theta$ is a matrix valued non constant inner function. Under supplementary assumptions, we find necessary and sufficient condition that the product $A_\Phi A_\Psi$ is itself a matrix valued truncated Toeplitz operator.
Countably McCoy rings
Authors: BOUCHİBA Samir , AİT OUAHİ Abderrazzak , NAJEM Youssef
Published: February 2022

The main goal of this paper is to study the class of countably $\mathcal {A}$-rings (or the countably McCoy rings) introduced by T. Lucas in [The diameter of a zero divisor graph, J. Algebra 301, 174-193, 2006] which turns out to lie properly between the class of $ \mathcal{A}$-rings (or McCoy rings) and the class of total-$\mathcal{A}$-rings. Also, we introduce and investigate the module theoretic version of the countably $\mathcal {A}$-ring notion, namely the countably $\mathcal {A}$-modules. Our focus is shed on the behavior of the countably $\mathcal {A}$-property vis-à-vis the polynomial ring, the power series ring, the idealization and the direct products. Numerous examples are provided to show the limits of the results.