bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The density and diversity of endophytic bacteria and fungi of drought stress-resistant plant: Case study in Karanganyar District, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sudadi  , Rosariastuti MMA Retno , Hadiwiyono  , Luthfi Irham
Published: January 2025

This study explored the density and diversity of bacteria and fungi in three soil types: Alfisol, Entisol and Vertisol in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia. The aim of the study was to understand the effect of various soil types on endophytic populations. Samples were collected from drought-tolerant plants in each soil type and analysed by the Total Plate Count. The results showed significantly different at the density of bacteria, with Alfisol having the highest density, followed by Entisol and Vertisol. However, there was not significantly different in fungi. The microbial characterization showed several genera in each soil type. The result has revealed several genera of bacteria and fungi collected from drought-tolerant plants in each soil type. These results provide information about the distribution of endophytic bacteria and fungi in various soil types and their potential use as biofertilizer. The study highlights the need for further investigation of the factors that influence microbial distribution and the development of soil-specific management strategies to optimize microbial activity and increase plant productivity.
A hierarchical Bayesian approach to assess the impact of environmental factors on soybean yield and yield components
Authors: Nur Habibi Luthfan , Matsui Tsutomu , Tanaka Takashi S.T.
Published: January 2025

Dividing soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) yield into several yield components, including the seeds per area and seed weight, offers better identification of the driver of yield variation, especially that is affected by environmental factors. The objectives of this study are to understand the relationship among yield, yield components, and environmental factors using a hierarchical Bayesian model, and to determine the potential limiting factors for soybean yield production. A hierarchical Bayesian approach offers a natural mechanism of the eco-biological system through a multi-level model. Precipitation data was used to represent the environmental factors during the key stages of soybean development. Yield in seven soybean environments, defined as the combination of location and year, was surveyed from 2018 to 2023. The results indicated that soybean yield varied between environments. Seed numbers per area was the main driver of the soybean yield. Moreover, precipitation during the early reproductive stages, where the seed was being developed, also significantly affected the final yield. Seed weights also contributed to the increase in soybean yield, even though the environmental factors during the seed-filling stage were not substantial. In summary, this study provides evidence of environmental conditions as a potential limiting factor of soybean yield.
The effect of biochar and liquid organic fertilizer to Mentha spicata physiological activities
Authors: Rahayu Muji , Rahmawan Bayutama , Sakya Amalia Tetrani , Setyawati Andriyana , Handoyo Gani Cahyo , Anggraini Rissa Kurnia
Published: January 2025

Mint (Mentha spicata L.) is a medicinal plant that produces essential oils usually used in medicines, food, toothpaste, and cosmetics. Mint leaves are the primary organ taken as an essential oil production material. Increasing leaf production, which is studied through the physiological activity of mint, can be done by meeting plant nutrient needs. Biochar and liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) can be used as alternative soil conditioners and fertilizers to meet plant nutrient needs. This research was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture’s Greenhouse using a factorial Randomized Complete Group Design (RCGD), which consists of two factors, namely biochar and liquid organic fertilizer of fish waste. The type of biochar consists of no biochar treatment, palm fiber biochar, and rice husk biochar. Fish waste liquid organic fertilizer consists of no LOF treatment, 5 ml/L water, 10 ml/L water, and P3 15 ml/L water. The results of biochar types increased the chlorophyll content of mint, which were 1.14, 0.51, and 1.14 mg.g-1. The treatment of fish waste liquid organic fertilizer increased the transpiration rate of mint, which were 1.27 CO2-1.L-1.minute-1.
Impact assessment of volcanic tsunamis in coastal regions for disaster risk reduction
Authors: Juanara Elmo , Lam Chi Yung
Published: January 2025

Volcanic tsunamis are complex natural hazards triggered by a series of cascading effects, beginning with volcanic activity and culminating in massive ocean waves that can have catastrophic impacts on coastal communities. This paper presents an impact assessment of volcanic tsunamis in coastal regions aimed at enhancing disaster risk reduction efforts. The study begins with an exploration of volcanic tsunamis globally, focusing on the cascading effects and the impacts on coastal. Historical cases of volcanic tsunamis are analysed to understand their underlying mechanisms. The assessment draws on a detailed analysis of variables such as cascading effects, tsunami heights, wave travel distances, and fatalities. Monte Carlo simulations was used to quantify the risks of future tsunamis, emphasizing the variability in wave heights across different coastal regions. These insights help to inform the development of more effective early warning systems and disaster risk reduction strategies, particularly in vulnerable coastal areas. By understanding the unique risks posed by volcanic tsunamis, this research contributes to building stronger, more resilient communities prepared to face these rare but catastrophic events.
Evaluating the cooling potential of green open spaces in urban environments
Authors: Dwi Setyawan Ahmad , Suhardono Sapta , Indrawan Muhammad , Afzanaya Rarasti Khansa , Wijayanti Sovia
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the cooling potential of Green Open Spaces (GOS) in Surakarta City, focusing on three parks: Sekartaji Park, Pucang Sawit Park, and Balaikambang Park. The aim was to measure the correlation between vegetation indices and land surface temperature (LST) to evaluate the influence of urban green spaces on the adjacent thermal environment. Using satellite imagery, various vegetation indices, including NDVI, SAVI, and EVI2, were calculated alongside LST assessments. The findings revealed that Balaikambang Park exhibited the most significant cooling impact, with a maximum cooling intensity of 2.55 at a buffer distance of 300 meters, while Pucang Sawit Park recorded a high of 2.14 at 400 meters. Sekartaji Park demonstrated a diminished cooling intensity, reaching a maximum of 1.31 before seeing a substantial decline at 500 meters. Correlation research indicated a substantial negative correlation between vegetation proportion and land surface temperature, especially in Pucang Sawit Park. The findings underscore the significance of vegetation in regulating urban temperatures and stress the necessity for efficient management of Green Open Spaces to optimize their cooling capacity.
Urban heat island distribution, transformation, and projection (Case study: Jakarta City in 2000, 2020, and 2040)
Authors: Fabiola Candraningtyas Callista , Arkan Maulana Fikri , Suhardono Sapta
Published: January 2025

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon occurs when urban areas experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural regions due to urbanization, land use changes, and reduced green spaces. In cities like Jakarta, UHI worsens climate change impacts, increases energy consumption, and threatens public health and quality of life. This study analyzes changes in UHI intensity and distribution in Jakarta between 2000 and 2020 and projects its impacts by 2040. The methodology includes analyzing Landsat satellite data to map surface temperature and land use changes, processed using geographic information system (GIS) tools. A 2040 projection is made using an urban climate model simulating temperature trends based on urbanization and land use patterns. Findings suggest that UHI intensity in Jakarta increased significantly from 2000 to 2020, particularly in densely built areas with limited green space. The 2040 projection indicates that without strong mitigation efforts, UHI will continue to rise, negatively affecting public health and increasing energy demand. However, strategies such as expanding green spaces and adopting eco-friendly building technologies can significantly reduce UHI intensity, helping mitigate climate change impacts. This research provides critical guidance for urban planners and policymakers to implement effective UHI mitigation strategies, promoting sustainable urban development and enhancing the resilience of Jakarta’s urban environment against future climate challenges.
Decomposition of air pollution in Indonesia
Authors: Shohibul Manshur Al Ahmad Ana , Suryanto Suryanto , Sarjiyanto Sarjiyanto
Published: January 2025

The impact of environmental damage and pollution on health and the economy has become a global concern in recent years, including in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the average number of deaths caused by air pollution is 123,000 yearly, and a decrease in life expectancy by 1.4 - 2.4 years by WHO guidelines. This study investigates the decomposition of air pollution (CO2 emissions) in Indonesia from 1995 to 2022. We imposed structural variables comprising urbanization, liberalization, and fossil-based energy. We also associate renewable energy and environmental policy stringency index to describe the decarbonization skeleton. This study uses a dynamic autoregressive distributed approach to examine the interaction between independent variables and carbon emission levels. The results show a diverse influence of urbanization, liberalization, and fossil fuel when associated with skeleton variables that impact the pattern of pollution shaping. Renewable energy is the most critical factor in promoting inclusive decarbonization, while institutional quality is central to generating robust environmental policies. The implication is that a firm commitment is needed to achieve carbon neutrality through clean technology innovation and renewable energy.
Climate change, economic security, and macroeconomic stability: Insights from the EU
Authors: Lobonț Oana-Ramona , Vătavu Sorana , Nicolescu Ana-Cristina , Trip Andrei , Costea Florin
Published: January 2025

This research examines the impact of climate change risks on the macroeconomic situation and the security of the economic system in the EU-27 during the 2002-2020 period. By employing methodologies such as the Ordinary Least Squares and Principal Component Analysis, the study evaluates the interrelationship between Climate Change Risk (CCR), Macroeconomic Situation (MS), and Economic System Security (ESS). The research develops composite indicators to analyse these phenomena in detail, while results reveal significant variations in CCR, MS, and ESS among EU member states, indicating a heterogeneous response to climate risks and economic stability and highlighting the need for differentiated policy approaches. Our research contributes to understanding the impacts of climate change on economic structures by providing insights into policy formulation and strategic planning to strengthen economic resilience and emphasising the need for an interdisciplinary approach that connects climate variables with economic indicators. The strategic alignment at national levels supports global sustainability efforts and ensures a unified and effective response to climate risks within the European economic system.
Impact of climate change on small-scale fishers and adaptation strategies in Bengkulu, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyasari Gita , Cahyadinata Indra , Irham
Published: January 2025

Climate change presents a significant global challenge for developing countries, especially Indonesia. However, this challenge also presents an opportunity for positive change, particularly in determining long-term investment decisions, including climate change adaptation and resilience measures. Uncertainty about future climate conditions makes the design of climate-supportive adaptive structures difficult and expensive, but it also opens the door for innovative solutions. This study reflects the perspective of small-scale fishers regarding the impacts of climate change and identifies the primary adaptation strategy. A survey was conducted in 700 small-scale fishery households to collect data on socioeconomic factors, climate change perceptions, and adaptation strategies. The research results show that 100% of small-scale fishers in the Bengkulu coastal area perceive climate change as harming their capture fisheries businesses. The level of adaptation carried out by small-scale fishers in the coastal regions of Bengkulu City could be significantly higher, as evidenced by the fact that only 15% of fishers have made efforts for climate change adaptation. Age, formal education, organizational membership, and access to climate information are crucial factors for adapting small-scale fishers to climate change. This research found that small-scale fisher’s awareness of climate change is deficient. Maximizing the use of fisher’s organizations and access to climate information can be helpful to climate change.
Global scientific performance and research trends of the interrelation between climate change and economic growth
Authors: Lobonț Oana-Ramona , Varadi Ana-Elena , Vătavu Sorana , Tao Ran , Moldovan Nicoleta Claudia
Published: January 2025

This paper conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the existing literature on the interrelation between climate change and economic growth through the prism of environmental policies. Utilising both VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software, we analyse 2,131 articles from the Web of Science database between 2000 and 2024, focusing on the fields of Economics, Social Sciences, and Environmental Science. Our investigation identifies key trends, research hotspots, patterns, and gaps in the literature, highlighting the significant impact of climate change on the macroeconomic environment. Bibliometric networks created on account of keywords such as “climate change risks,” “macroeconomy,” and “environmental policy” reveal strong interconnections among research clusters, particularly emphasising the role of public policy in managing climate-related risks. Notably, our findings evidence the geographical distribution of research on this topic, which is more prominent in non-EU countries despite the European Union’s recent policy focus on sustainability. This paper underscores the necessity for targeted research and policy measures to address the economic implications of climate change, emphasising the role of consumer behaviour, uncertainty, and expectations with a country-specific focus. Our research contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed mapping of the intellectual landscape and suggesting directions for future research to support effective climate policies.
Sustainability and lives of coffee farmers in Magetan Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Endang Siti , Widadie Fanny , Irianto Heru , Handayani Sugiharti Mulya , Setyowati  , Sundari Mei Tri
Published: January 2025

The lack of knowledge of farmers about efforts to manage coffee plantations with environmental and conservation views is believed to have the effects of microclimate change which are likely to impact coffee farmers in the future. The purpose of the research is to (1) identify ecological aspects on the sustainability of coffee cultivation patterns in the Magetan region, (2) find ecological factors on coffee production, and (3) describe the lives of coffee farmers related to ecological aspects. The research method was carried out by a multistage sampling method starting from the determination of subdistricts, villages, farmer groups, farmer group members, and coffee farmer samples. The data used are primary data, with a method of collecting direct survey data on 80 coffee farmers randomly in two districts of Panekan and Poncol. An analysis method to see the relationship of environmental variables to coffee production with multiple linear regression analysis and descriptive analysis for ecological aspects. he results showed that the ecological factors significantly affecting coffee production included the number of protective trees, the application of manure, and farmers' knowledge of conservation practices. Conversely, pruning and the eradication of coffee borer pests were found to have an insignificant impact. The study concludes that while efforts toward coffee sustainability have been initiated by farmers, they have not yet achieved full success. Sustainability efforts include protecting the environment through the use of manure, planting shade trees, and adopting conservation-oriented coffee cultivation practices.
Universitas Sumatera Utara Arboretum of Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, Indonesia: Revealing the potency
Authors: Nuryawan Arif , Rahmawaty  , Susilowati Arida , Zaitunah Anita , Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan Poppy , Irawan Bambang , Fadillah Achmad
Published: January 2025

Growth, development, and structural changes within the Universitas Sumatera Utara Arboretum since its establishment in 2005 should be recognized, observed, and investigated. Previously, the site of this arboretum was oil palm plantation. The objective of this study is to map, classify, identify, and calculate the potency of the vegetation within the arboretum. Method of this research is combination of literature study and field work. In this research, literature study, site visit, and inventory work were reported. Results of literature study revealed that at least 56 species of forestry plants were found in 2008 and increased up to 77 species of tree were found in 2023. Present research conducted in 2024 using a systematic sampling with random start with 36 plots revealed only 53 species of tree. The result was lower due to differ in method. To promote climate change mitigation, it is still necessary to optimize the potency as a source of bio-energy, food and feed, herbal medicine, carbon reserves, and creative economy (natural dyes and craft materials).
Women’s contribution to climate change action: A gender analysis
Authors: Setyowati Retno , Rusdiyana Eksa , Widiyanto  , Sugihardjo  , Lestari Eny , Arwindianti Micelle Lovinia
Published: January 2025

Women’s participation in the Climate Village Program will not only strengthen village resilience to climate change, but also accelerate the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially those related to gender equality, poverty alleviation, and environmental protection. This research aims to analyze the women’s participation and role in proklim in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, field observation, documentation, and focus group discussion (FGD). Informants consisted of local activist, forestry extensionist, agricultural extensionist, health care service office, village government, farmer group, female farmer group, Family Welfare Program (FWP), and youth organization (Karang Taruna). Data validation was carried out using source and method triangulations. The finding of research indicates that women are present not only to help but also to be the main activist of proklim activities. This movement is embodied into such institutions as female farmer group, Family Welfare Program (FWP), and waste bank driven by women through activities food production from the surrounding environment, healthy (organic) farming practices, health education and environmental hygiene, basic health services (posyandu for toddlers, adolescents and elderly), prevention of infectious diseases through “Jumantik”, waste reduction education, education on circular economy utilization of waste, making biopores and utilizing organic waste (magot cultivation).
Climate change mitigation through biodiversity conservation of wild nutmeg (Myristica spp.) and its habitat (case study in Halmahera Forest, North Maluku)
Authors: Mandea Abdul Rahmat , Nandariyah  , Yuniastuti Endang , Parjanto  , Melati Rima
Published: January 2025

Changes in the growing environment (habitat), including the habitat of wild nutmeg (Myristica spp.) due to deforestation, land degradation due to mining, erosion of soil fertility, reduced density of flora, fauna, and microorganisms can increase the risk of climate change. The role of the wild nutmeg plant environment is that its canopy can absorb CO2 from the air, and its roots effectively store water and prevent erosion so that it can mitigate climate change. Vegetation analysis is used as an approach to climate change mitigation through managing wild nutmeg habitat biodiversity as a single function of the Halmahera forest against the impacts of climate change. The results of vegetation studies on the natural habitat of wild nutmeg have shown that the composition and structure of the natural habitat vegetation of wild nutmeg in the Halmahera forest have been disturbed although still in the moderate category. The composition and structure of the natural habitat vegetation of wild nutmeg (Myristica spp.) in the Halmahera forest, North Maluku with abundant diversity and high species richness can play a role in mitigating climate change as long as the biodiversity of vegetation in this area is maintained stable. Further studies based on this research can provide deeper insight into wild nutmeg conservation strategies and their role in mitigating climate change.
The status and challenges of irrigation infrastructure performance in supporting the agricultural sector: A case study of Kediri Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Budi Santoso Eko , Siti Humaira An Nisaa , Fitri Larasati Aida
Published: January 2025

The increase in population in rural and urban areas has an impact on food availability and security. Agriculture, as a major contributor to food security, faces increasing challenges, such as the decline in the area planted for agricultural commodities, the availability of labor, and the water provision for crops. Climate change will affect water availability, planting patterns, and agricultural production. The government has provided irrigation infrastructure services to increase agricultural production. Limited budget, authority, irrigation water sources, and irrigation service areas have not been able to meet farmers’ needs for irrigation water. This study aims to assess the performance of irrigation infrastructure services based on farmers’ perceptions of these services. Measuring irrigation infrastructure services is based on indicators of physical availability, physical quality, appropriateness, utility, and contribution to the economy. The level of satisfaction with irrigation infrastructure services was measured using a Likert scale. The data are used to compare expected values and perceived values. This measurement obtains service gaps, as mentioned in the IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) method. The respondents to this research are farmers or farmer groups who receive irrigation infrastructure services. The results show significant gaps in several indicators, namely the reliability of the irrigation system, application of irrigation technology, regular irrigation infrastructure checks (O&M), and resilience to climate change.
Artificial intelligence and the internet of things in environmentally building water consumption model: Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wijayaningtyas Maranatha , Lomi Abraham , Nursanti Ellysa , Sebayang Nusa , Istiqhoma Maria
Published: January 2025

Environmentally friendly houses are a solution to reduce the negative impact of buildings on the environment. One of the criteria is water conservation in housing, the implementation of which is heavily influenced by the behaviour of residents. The inhabitants' behaviour varies and affects how much water conservation and conservation are applied in the building. This study performs a thorough bibliometric analysis of the scientific output concerning using artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things in water consumption and conservation in environmentally friendly or sustainable buildings. The research is based on data from Scopus, covering the period from 1996 to 2024. The study found research collaborations among diverse institutions and nations, highlighting prominent research achievements in this sector. The network visualisation analysis was conducted using a VOS viewer. The results of this study can provide valuable insights for scholars, experts, politicians, and funding organisations seeking a comprehensive overview of the current trends and objectives in this field. The results from this study provide a valuable framework for future research directions and underscore the importance of continued investment in implementing Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things to achieve water conservation in the future.
Mitigating physical climate risks: ESG budgeting approaches as risk boundaries for companies
Authors: Putri Wika Harisa , Bakhtiar Irfan , Mahasabha Ni Luh Ayounik
Published: January 2025

Physical climate risks are currently an urgent concern for companies. Many still consider this risk part of operational risk and manage it by transferring it to third parties. However, this method is still used to calculate the potential loss of assets due to physical climate risks. This paper explores ongoing literature and publications to address mitigating physical climate risk, and finds that companies increasingly turn to ESG budgeting approaches as a more comprehensive tool for managing direct and indirect physical climate risks. This study aims to synthesize the current literature and present a definition of ESG budgeting. This article will explore the various concerns regarding ESG budgeting and provide a technical overview of how companies manage and disclose these risks in their corporate statements. As a conceptual paper, no data was collected to provide empirical evidence to support ESG budgeting practices; instead, the concept of ESG-related cost or sustainable budget tagging was described. Technical steps are needed by companies, especially for those who still understand ESG in the initial phase. Apart from concerns about budget allocations that will increase, doubts that ESG spending will directly impact company financial performance are strong in implementing ESG in companies. This exploration found that the clear concept of ESG budgeting or ESG budget tagging is still rare and needs advanced discussion. A supportive ecosystem, a strong tone from the top and adequate ESG literacy are needed to ensure companies' readiness to mitigate physical climate risks.
Potential Sustainability of Integrated Household Constructed Wetlands (IHCWS) implementation in small island as an effort to mitigate marine pollution due to greywater domestic wastewater (A case study in Bungin Island, Indonesia)
Authors: Maliga Iga , Purwono Suryo , Endang Sutariningsih Agnes , Harini Rika
Published: January 2025

The potential for surface marine water pollution from domestic greywater wastewater poses a threat to small, densely populated islands. This condition will affect the sustainability of the ecosystem in the surrounding environment. This research was conducted on Bungin Island, located in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia. The island is one of the most densely populated islands with an area of only 8.5 ha and a population of 3,400 people. This research aims to map the potential sustainability of the application of Integrated Household Constructed Wetlands (IHCWS) on Bungin Island, Indonesia as an alternative to managing greywater from household activities. There are six dimensions and thirty sustainability attributes studied including ecology, socio-culture, economy, technology, policy, and public health. The data obtained were analyzed using the RAPFISH MDS method. The results showed that the potential application of IHCWS on Bungin Island in each aspect, ecology (88.68%), socio-culture (79.13%), economy (99.66%), technology (99.71%), policy (99.71%), and public health (88.68%). In conclusion, the IHCWS is classified as sustainable. The application of technology that requires maintenance is not by the conditions of small island communities. This is one of the sustainable solutions to mitigate environmental pollution, especially marine in small islands that have a high population density.
Livelihood transition from mountain to the sea in Eastern Indonesia: A case study in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai
Authors: Rubiyanto Cahyo Wisnu , Hirota Isao
Published: January 2025

Coastal livelihoods in Indonesia have undergone significant transitions, communities historically reliant on forests have shifted their focus toward coastal and marine resources. However, research has largely overlooked the historical progression of these livelihoods and the persistent challenges. This study examines the historical transition from mountain to coastal and the current conditions of livelihoods in Eastern Indonesia. The study conducted in Nampar Sepang Village in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai. Using a qualitative approach, we conducted Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) and In-Depth Interviews with 12 randomly selected key informants to gather insights into the evolving nature of livelihood activities. The results reveal that while agriculture and forest-based activities remain vital, fishing has emerged as a significant livelihood component, especially during the fishing season. Households now strategically combine low-risk activities, like sea foraging, with higher-risk investments in commercial farming or livestock, allowing them to buffer against uncertainties while maximizing returns. This combination of livelihood strategies demonstrates an adaptive and forward-looking approach, where past experiences inform current practices. By fostering diverse yet complementary livelihood portfolios, rural households not only sustain themselves but also contribute to the broader goals of sustainable rural development.
Electrochemical sensor for bisphenol A detection in the environment to prevent human health problems
Authors: Nisa Ulfiatun , Putri Salsa Saloma , Heryanto Rudi , Putra Budi Riza , Wahyuni Wulan Tri
Published: January 2025

Bisphenol A (BPA) is increasingly released into water, soil, and air, becoming an environmental pollutant. Since BPA is persistent in the environment, it remains there for a considerable amount of time and allows bioaccumulation, potentially affecting ecosystems and human health. For that reason, the detection of BPA in the environment is essential. In this study, we develop an electrochemical sensor for simple and rapid detection of BPA in a water environment. The sensor was developed using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with conductive materials. The detection of BPA was carried out based on the oxidation of BPA on modified GCE using a differential pulse voltammetry technique. The developed sensor performs acceptable analytical performance with a detection limit of 0.5 μM and sensitivity of 0.22 μA μM-1. The developed sensor also has the potency for BPA detection in water samples.
The impact of environmental factors on the immunopathogenesis of osteoporosis: A systematic review
Authors: Prabowo Nurhasan Agung , Soetrisno  , Nurwati Ida , Ardyanto Tonang Dwi , Poncorini Eti , Nurudhin Arief , Dirgahayu Paramasari
Published: January 2025

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease predominantly driven by environmental variables that damage bone microarchitecture and increase the risk of fractures. This systematic study analyzes environmental variables' impact on osteoporosis immunopathogenesis. We identified studies investigating the relationship between air pollution, heavy metal exposure, and chemical exposure with immune activity in osteoporosis through searches in PubMed databases. The review's findings indicate that exposure to environmental pollutants triggers systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollutants are linked to reduced bone mineral density and a heightened risk of osteoporosis. This study underscores the importance of preventive strategies and public health policies that consider reducing environmental pollutant exposure to decrease osteoporosis risk. The results further emphasise the necessity for targeted interventions to safeguard at-risk individuals against the detrimental impacts of environmental variables on bone health.
The impact of extreme weather phenomena on public health: An analysis of Indonesia national policies on adaptation/mitigation strategies
Authors: Inayah Alfiyah Nur , Paliling Valeria Erika Sari , Maskun Maskun
Published: January 2025

Global climate change has led to an increase in the frequency of extreme weather phenomena, which have major impacts on public health. In response, Indonesia has developed the National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation (RAN-API) to enhance climate resilience. The RAN- API recognizes the health sector as a critical subject for adapting to climate change and establishes three primary goals: (a) Strengthening and updating of information on health risk and vulnerability due to climate change, (b) Development of policies, planning, networking, and cooperation among government agencies at the local, regional and national levels regarding climate change health risk, and (c) Strengthening capacity and early awareness of climate change-related threats to health in the community. However, despite the presence of national policies responding to health impacts due to climate change, the effectiveness of the RAN-API remains limited. This study will analyse the existing national policies regarding mitigation and adaptation programs designed to address climate change impacts of extreme weather phenomena on public health, and giving the contribution to strengthening adaptation and mitigation strategies, including strengthening climate resilience for vulnerable communities.
Monographie hydrologique d’Haïti : analyse et prédétermination des pluies et crues fortes à partir de données d’archives et satellitaires
Authors: Bathelemy Ralph
Published: January 2025

Cet article est un condensé de la thèse soutenue par Ralph Bathelemy le 14 décembre 2023 et récompensée par le prix Gérard Beltrando de l’Association Internationale de Climatologie au titre de l’année 2024. Cette thèse a été préparée à l’UMR Géoazur (Université Côte d’Azur, France), l’URGéo (Université d’Etat d’Haïti, Port-au-Prince, Haïti) et à l’Unité de recherche HYCAR de l’INRAE (Antony, France) entre 2019 et 2023 sous la direction de Pierre Brigode et de Dominique Boisson.
Sensibilité du schéma de surface SISVAT à la fraction verte de la végétation sur 2 sites d’Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Yao Kouassi Paul Antoine Tanoh , Gallée Hubert , Diawara Adama , Kouassi Komenan Benjamin , Yoroba Fidèle , Pellarin Thierry , Kouadio Kouakou , Ouattara Yacouba
Published: January 2025

Dans le but d’évaluer les performances du modèle de surface SISVAT (Soil Ice Snow Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer), une simulation unidimensionnelle des flux de chaleur latente et sensible sur quatre ans (2006 à 2009) est effectuée. Les résultats de la simulation sont comparés aux observations de deux stations de mesures en Afrique de l’Ouest (Nalohou au Bénin et Wankama au Niger). Ces deux sites ont été sélectionnés pour leur emplacement géographique, la différence entre leur climat respectif et la disponibilité d’une longue série de données météorologiques, permettant une analyse approfondie des sorties du modèle sur une période étendue. Afin de comprendre la sensibilité du modèle à la fraction verte de la végétation, on évalue à partir des valeurs des coefficients d’efficacité de Nash les flux turbulents de chaleur sensible et latente simulés pour une fraction verte fixe avec ceux simulés pour une fraction verte variable. L’analyse des coefficients de Nash montre dans l’ensemble une amélioration des résultats avec une fraction verte variable par rapport à ceux obtenus avec une fraction verte indépendante du temps, sauf pendant la fin de la saison sèche pour la station de Nalohou et après la saison humide pour Wankama. Malgré une paramétrisation simple de la variation de la fraction verte de la végétation, les résultats du modèle sont améliorés à cette échelle d’étude tropicale. Les biais des flux de chaleur sensible et latente sont réduits sur la période du début de saison humide jusqu’à la fin d’année (2008 & 2009). La réduction de biais est accompagnée par une amélioration des coefficients d’efficacité de Nash, indiquant une meilleure représentation des observations par le modèle sur cette période. Cette étude met en évidence l’importance de prendre en compte la phénologie végétale dans la modélisation numérique du climat de l’Afrique de l’Ouest.
Magnetocaloric effect in La1−zCez(Fe0.88−yMnySi0.12)13 with tunable, low transition temperature in high magnetic fields
Authors: Straßheim M. , Salazar Mejía C. , Bykov E. , Niehoff T. , Beyer L. , Freudenberger J. , Hübner R. , Ganss F. , Naumann T. , Wosnitza J. , Gottschall T.
Published: January 2025

Cryogenic magnetic refrigeration becomes more and more important nowadays, especially for the liquefaction of gases such as hydrogen. In this study, we have synthesized La1−zCez(Fe0.88−yMnySi0.12)13 samples and investigated their magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in order to assess their potential for cryogenic applications. By adjusting the Mn and Ce content and adding excess rare-earth elements, the first-order ferromagnetic transition was lowered from 200 to 40 K and the adiabatic temperature change of the samples was measured directly using pulsed magnetic fields. The sample with the lowest transition temperature still showed a significant adiabatic temperature change in magnetic fields up to 10 T, with an increasingly stronger first-order transition observed in samples with higher Ce substitution. In addition, we synthesized spherical powder with diameters between 20 and 120 μm using ultrasonic atomization while maintaining the magnetic transition, which is a promising starting material for future additive manufacturing of magnetocaloric materials.
A multi-scale cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at the Linac Coherent Light Source
Authors: Segal Jonathan Isaac , Hu Wan-Lin , Fuoss Paul H. , Ritter Frank E. , Shrager Jeff
Published: January 2025

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is the world’s first x-ray free electron laser. It is a scientific user facility operated by the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, at Stanford, for the U.S. Department of Energy. As beam time at LCLS is extremely valuable and limited, experimental efficiency—getting the most high quality data in the least time—is critical. Our overall project employs cognitive engineering methodologies with the goal of improving experimental efficiency and increasing scientific productivity at LCLS by refining experimental interfaces and workflows, simplifying tasks, reducing errors, and improving operator safety and stress. Here, we describe a multi-agent, multi-scale computational cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at LCLS. Our model simulates the aspects of human cognition at multiple cognitive and temporal scales, ranging from seconds to hours, and among agents playing multiple roles, including instrument operator, real time data analyst, and experiment manager. The model can roughly predict impacts stemming from proposed changes to operational interfaces and workflows. Example results demonstrate the model’s potential in guiding modifications to improve operational efficiency. We discuss the implications of our effort for cognitive engineering in complex experimental settings and outline future directions for research. The model is open source, and the videos of the supplementary material provide extensive detail.
Temporal evolution of toroidal flow during collisional merging of field-reversed configurations
Authors: Kikuchi Ryunosuke , Takahashi Tsutomu , Asai Tomohiko
Published: January 2025

The field-reversed configuration (FRC) amplification via a translation–collisional merging device was used to conduct experiments where two initial FRC-like plasmoids produced by the field-reversed theta pinch method were translated and accelerated to supersonic/Alfvénic velocities before being subjected to collisional merging. The temporal evolution of the toroidal flow was measured throughout each experimental phase. The plasmoids initially rotated in the ion paramagnetic direction relative to the open-field region and subsequently spun up in the diamagnetic direction. The toroidal angular momentum of the plasmoids was conserved during the translation and acceleration phases but not during the collisional merging process. As the reversed magnetic field reformed, a toroidal flow formed in the paramagnetic direction and then accelerated in the diamagnetic direction. This behavior appears to be a unique feature of collisional merging and cannot be solely explained by the coherent magnetic field connection between the two initial plasmoids. This paper discusses the temporal evolution of the toroidal flow and the implications for the collisional merging process.
Exploring magnetic anisotropy in garnet films at low temperatures using ferromagnetic resonance
Authors: Panin M. I. , Kupchinskaya N. E. , Bakhmetiev M. V. , Morgunov R. B. , Berzhansky V. N. , Belotelov V. I. , Polulyakh S. N. , Chernov A. I.
Published: January 2025

Ferromagnetic resonance is widely acknowledged as a robust tool for characterizing magnetic materials and studying physical phenomena. Low-temperature magnonics has recently garnered substantial attention; however, it lacks convenient methods for acquiring key magnetic material characteristics. In this study, we introduce a rapid and universal method to determine the temperature dependence of magnetic anisotropy constants of (111)-oriented garnet films using ferromagnetic resonance measurements, demonstrated specifically on the bismuth-substituted iron garnet film grown on a diamagnetic substrate. Our observations reveal a competitive interplay of different anisotropy types as temperature decreases. Notably, the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy constant Ku undergoes a sign change from negative to positive around 120 K, while the anisotropy type remains consistent.
Evaluation of the device characteristics of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ terahertz-wave emitters using wet-etching techniques
Authors: Kikuchi R. , Nakagawa S. , Enomoto Y. , Kuzumi Y. , Yamada S. , Maeshima K. , Yamauchi Y. , Minami H. , Kashiwagi T.
Published: January 2025

Understanding the device characteristics associated with the shape and size of crystal chips is a key requirement for developing high-performance terahertz (THz) wave-emitting devices made of high-temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(Bi2212) crystal chips, because these parameters reflect the emission frequency, emission power, self-heating conditions, and impedance matching. Wet-etching techniques are beneficial for creating comparable emitting chips from the same crystal fragment to further understand the above points regarding using Bi2212-crystal chips. Using wet-etching techniques, we prepared rectangular crystal chips with the same area using three different width (w) and length (L) aspect ratios and compared their emission characteristics. The range of the observed emission frequencies tended to be less dependent on the w/L ratio. However, the three samples differed significantly in terms of the excitation modes expected from the w/L ratio. When the aspect ratio approached one, the results indicated a tendency to resonate in the higher excitation modes. The excitation modes along the width of the chip were suppressed by decreasing the w/L ratio owing to the increased resonance frequencies of the transverse magnetic TM(m,0) modes. Although further studies are required, especially in terms of output enhancement, the results obtained herein are expected to aid in producing devices that can operate in the desired excitation mode.
Spin-waves propagation along planar domain wall channels with perpendicular intersection
Authors: Wang Tingting , Ding Jiayi , Guan Qingwen , Li Jianhua , Zhou Xinyue , Zhao Chen , Dai Zhiming
Published: January 2025

Spin-waves have been intensely investigated as a promising candidate for information carriers. The excitation and propagation of spin-waves along reconfigurable magnonic circuits are of much interest for the development of magnonic applications. In the present paper, the spin-wave propagation in a reconfigurable domain wall (DW) channel is investigated theoretically through micromagnetic simulations in the perpendicular ferromagnetic film. The non-linear propagation scheme with a perpendicular intersection linking the transverse and longitudinal DW channels is realized by using the coherent excitation without applying an external field. The intensity of spin-waves propagating along DW channels exhibits a significant enhancement compared to bulk-type spin-wave propagation and a nano-sized wavelength with the maximum phase velocity exceeding 2 km/s is achieved. Moreover, the DW-type spin-waves propagation presents close correlation with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and the shift angle of the pinning layer magnetization relative to wave vector, which will determine the feasibility of spin-wave propagation passing through the perpendicular intersection of DW channels under different input modes. Consequently, the available logic gates of and, or, and not A are proposed by tuning the shift angle along longitudinal DW, based on the three-terminals device with two transverse inputs and one longitudinal output.
Serine phosphorylation facilitates protein degradation by the human mitochondrial ClpXP protease
Authors: Feng Yue , Goncalves Monica M. , Jitkova Yulia , Keszei Alexander F. A. , Yan Yongran , Sarathy Chaitra , St-Germain Jonathan , Kenney Tristan M. G. , Tcheng Matthew , Trudel Vincent , Mancini Ross S. , Upadhyay Rahul , Hurren Rose , Gronda Marcela , Schultz Matthew , Soriano Kaylen , Lees Kaitlin , Pomroy Neil C. , Currie S. Quinn W. , Privé Gilbert G. , Reed Mark A. , Yudin Andrei K. , Penn Linda Z. , Arrowsmith Cheryl H. , Raught Brian , Mazhab-Jafari Mohammad T. , Vahidi Siavash , Schimmer Aaron D.
Published: January 2025

ClpXP is a two-component mitochondrial matrix protease. The caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase chaperone subunit X (ClpX) recognizes and translocates protein substrates into the degradation chamber of the caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) for proteolysis. ClpXP degrades damaged respiratory chain proteins and is necessary for cancer cell survival. Despite the critical role of ClpXP in mitochondrial protein quality control, the specific degrons, or modifications that tag substrate proteins for degradation by human ClpXP, are still unknown. We demonstrated that phosphorylated serine (pSer) targets substrates to ClpX and facilitates their degradation by ClpXP in biochemical assays. In contrast, ClpP hyperactivated by the small-molecule drug ONC201 lost the preference for phosphorylated substrates. Hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry combined with biochemical assays showed that pSer binds the RKL loop of ClpX. ClpX variants with substitutions in the RKL loop failed to recognize phosphorylated substrates. In intact cells, ClpXP also preferentially degraded substrates with pSer. Moreover, ClpX substrates with the pSer were selectively found in aggregated mitochondrial proteins. Our work uncovers a mechanism for substrate recognition by ClpXP, with implications for targeting acute myeloid leukemia and other disorders involving ClpXP dysfunction.