bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MACS-annexin V cell sorting of semen samples with high TUNEL values decreases the concentration of cells with abnormal chromosomal content: a pilot study
Authors: El Fekih Sahar , Gueganic Nadia , Tous Corinne , Ali Habib Ben , Ajina Mounir , Douet-Guilbert Nathalie , Drapier Hortense , Beauvillard Damien , Morel Frédéric , Perrin Aurore
Published: December 2021

We question whether, in men with an abnormal rate of sperm DNA fragmentation, the magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) could select spermatozoa with lower rates of DNA fragmentation as well as spermatozoa with unbalanced chromosome content. Cryopreserved spermatozoa from six males were separated into nonapoptotic and apoptotic populations. We determined the percentages of spermatozoa with (i) externalization of phosphatidylserine (EPS) by annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling, (ii) DNA fragmentation by TdT-mediated-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), and (iii) numerical abnormalities for chromosomes X, Y, 13, 18, and 21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), on the whole ejaculate and selected spermatozoa in the same patient. Compared to the nonapoptotic fraction, the apoptotic fraction statistically showed a higher number of spermatozoa with EPS, with DNA fragmentation, and with numerical chromosomal abnormalities. Compared to the whole ejaculate, we found a significant decrease in the percentage of spermatozoa with EPS and decrease tendencies of the DNA fragmentation rate and the sum of disomy levels in the nonapoptotic fraction. Conversely, we observed statistically significant higher rates of these three parameters in the apoptotic fraction. MACS may help to select spermatozoa with lower rates of DNA fragmentation and unbalanced chromosome content in men with abnormal rates of sperm DNA fragmentation.
Gastric Fibromatosis
Authors: Abouzid Amr , Saleh Mahmoud M. , Saleh Gehad A. , Hassan Amany , Hamdy Omar
Published: December 2021

Gastrointestinal fibromatosis is a rare mesenchymal tumor. It has local invasive behaviour with low-metastatic potential. We present a 36-year-old female patient presented to Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt, with accidentally discovered gastric mass by abdominal computed tomography (CT). The mass was adherent to the posterior wall of the gastric fundus, the tail of pancreas and encasing the splenic artery. The patient underwent partial gastrectomy, distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. Pathological examination of the specimen showed bland spindle cell proliferation, with oval nuclei, scanty eosinophilic cytoplasm. There was no detected mitosis or necrosis or haemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry of tumor cells was positive with β-catenin and SMA, while Desmin, CD117, DOG-1 and S-100 were negative. The patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy. The patient underwent strict periodic follow-up every 3 months with abdominal CT for 6 months after surgery.
Gastrointestinal Motility Services During COVID Pandemic
Authors: Jain Mayank , Agrawal Vinodini
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus disease pandemic has affected the delivery of gastrointestinal endoscopy and physiology services. We highlight our experience where we maintained strict adherence to locally developed protocols based on patient demographics. This was helpful in restricting risk of disease transmission to health-care workers and keeping the cost of procedures under check.
Exploration of Electroencephalographic Signatures of Non-Dominant Handwriting Task
Authors: Singh Yogesh , Singh Jayvardhan , Kathrotia Rajesh
Published: December 2021

Background:

Handwritten language is one of the key learned expertises of the human brain and preferred modes for long-distance communication. The dexterity and hand dominance in written language are well-known phenomenon. Normally, we are accustomed to writing with one hand only. Literature suggests that the dual task of attention interferes with the performance of one task and/or the other, as these tasks use the same attentional resources.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of non-dominant handwriting (NDHW) as an attentionally demanding task.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a study on 35 male native Hindi speakers, well accustomed to reading and writing. The intervention consisted of 5-min writing with the DHW and NDHW with concurrent EEG recording. The EEG electrodes were applied according to the 10–20 international system of electrode placement. EEG signals were analysed offline. The outcome measures were fast Fourier transform transformed absolute power in delta (1–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–14 Hz), beta (14–30 Hz) and gamma (30–50 Hz) frequency bands at 19 electrode positions. Medians of 10 epochs from artefact-free regions of EEG during NDHW and DHW were statistically analysed.

Results:

The task of NDHW was associated with decreased absolute powers in frontal and occipital leads mainly in delta and theta frequency bands and at frontocentral leads in the alpha band. Absolute powers in the beta frequency band were increased mainly at frontal and decreased posteriorly, while there was a generalised increase in gamma-band power.

Conclusions:

NDHW task as compared to the DHW task has distinct EEG correlates suggestive of a stressed attentive mental state.
Rapid Survey of Psychological Status of Health-Care Workers during the Early Outbreak of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Das Anindya , Singh Vanya , Gupta Puneet Kumar , Bahurupi Yogesh Arvind
Published: December 2021

Background:

Considering the impending crisis of COVID-19 and hospitals across India and the world gearing up to manage such cases, an online survey to assess the baseline psychological symptoms in health-care workers (HCWs) of a single tertiary care hospital was designed. The survey was cleared by the institutional ethics committee.

Materials and Methods:

An online self-reported survey was designed on the Google Survey portal, COVID: A survey of stress (SOS COVID) and posted on various closed WhatsApp group of employees. A snowball sampling method was adopted. We collected self-reported data on socio-demographics and data in relation to COVID-19 patient care, depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index) and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10).

Results:

Two hundred and twenty-seven participants responded to the online survey. The mean age was 28.77 years, 64% were female, mostly (74.9%) resided outside the campus and approximately half (46.7%) were frontline worker. On average, participants had low scores on all the scales, but approximately 23% scored above the cut-off for either moderate to severe depression, anxiety or insomnia. Those scoring higher (lower) in one scale also scored similarly on other scales. The chances of scoring above cut-off were significantly higher in females (P = 0.022), postgraduate educated (P = 0.018), physicians (P = 0.006) and residents of the campus (P = 0.011), though being a female and a physician persisted as significant predictors on logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic created considerable anxiety and stress among the HCWs. The most vulnerable HCWs are women and physicians who may require special support services to address the extra burden of psychological distress.
Manifestation of Panuveitis after Intraocular Surgery in a Child with Blau Syndrome
Authors: Magliyah Moustafa S. , Khan Abdullah M. , AlShamrani Mohammed , Schatz Patrik , Dhibi Hassan A.
Published: December 2021

Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare granulomatous disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. It is characterized by a triad of dermatitis, arthritis, and recurrent uveitis. This case presents the onset of panuveitis in BS after intraocular surgery. A 10-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic with retinal detachment in the left eye after 6 years following early-onset cataract surgery. Bilateral panuveitis occurred 3 weeks after surgical repair and resulted in a total visual loss in the left eye and was persistent to conventional treatment in the right eye. Genetic testing revealed a mutation in NOD2 gene. The addition of adalimumab to the treatment regimen resulted in long-term uveitis control and maintenance of 20/70 vision in the right eye. We propose that NOD2-mediated inflammatory cascade can be activated by intraocular surgery and results in the manifestation of BS.
The Ahmed versus Baerveldt Study at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital
Authors: Alzendi Nouf Abdulkalq , Alshahwan Sami , Alwehaib Areej , Alzaben Khawlah , Alhilali Sara , Alkahtani Abeer
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of two frequently used surgical valves in treating refractory glaucoma.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective and nonrandomized study comparing patients aged 18 years or older who underwent implantation using standardized surgical techniques.

RESULTS:

A total of 86 patients were included in the study, 48 in the Ahmed group and 38 in the Baerveldt group. The overall success rate was 63.1% in both the groups. At the 3-year follow-up, the Ahmed group had a mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of 14.0 ± 4.8 mmHg (60% reduction) compared with 15.8 ± 6.2 mmHg (53.3% reduction) in the Baerveldt group (0.536). The Ahmed group required an average of 1.6 ± 1.3 medications (59% reduction) compared with 2.1 ± 1.7 (40% reduction) in the Baerveldt group (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Despite a high failure rate, both devices were effective in lowering IOP and the need for medications. Lower IOP and medications were needed in the Ahmed group.
The Potency of Anadara nodifera Shell as Natural Testosterone Booster for Male Canary (Seriunus canaria)
Authors: Astuti Pudji , Putra Muhammad Naufal Prayitno , Shiddiq Muhammad Fariz Ash , Yuneldi Rizki Fitrawan , Airin Claude Mona , Sarmin Sarmin
Published: December 2021

Anadara clam shell contains high Zinc. This microelement is recognised as acting natural aromatase blocker (NAB) that capable of boosting testosterone level. The aim of this study was to evaluates the testosterone level of Canaries following Anadara nodifera administration. Adult male Canaries (n = 27) were group into 3 with 9 repetition of each i.e T0 [control, was given by Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium (Na-CMC)], T1 (Zinc Sulphate 0.013 mg/30 g BW), and T2 (NAB 0.3 mg/30 g BW). The T2 treatment was NAB or shell powder of Anadara nodifera which was diluted 1:1 in Na-CMC. The birds were treated orally for 21 days. The complete blood cell count was performed in a haemo analyser except the erythrocyte was calculated manually in the Improved Neubauer counting chamber. Testosterone level was measured in ELISA. Subsequently gen CYP19 aromatase in syrinx, brain and testis were identified employing IHC and descriptively analysed. The result indicated significant elevated level of testosterone (p<0.05). The expression of CYP19 aromatase receptor was depressed in syrinx, brain and testis. However there was no significant changes on the blood profile (p>0.05). To conclude, Anadara nodifera at 0.3 mg/30 g BW was capable of acting as NAB to promote testosterone level. This was confirmed by the reduction of CYP19 aromatase gene receptors in syrinx, brain and testis. However NAB treatment was not significantly affecting routine blood profile.
A Behavioural Study of Free Ranging Ceylon Spotted Deer (Axis axis ceylonensis) in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gowrithasan Kalpphana , Ahamed Ahamed Muhaideen Riyas , Dharmaretnam Meena
Published: December 2021

Axis axis ceylonensis (Ceylon spotted deer) is a sub species endemic to Sri Lanka. Ecological observations in wild populations of this subspecies have been reported but there is no published research on its behaviour. We report here a behavioural study on a free ranging population of A. a. ceylonensis inhabiting a temple surroundings in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Behaviour was quantified by focal sampling on sex age groups in three time zones: 6:30 to 7:30, 12:30-13:30, and 17:00 to 18:00 hours. The deer were more active in the hour after dawn and an hour before dusk. The main activities were feeding and play, the latter common in juveniles. There was a preference to graze on grasses and browse on Ficus sp. leaves. Resting was highest in the afternoon across all groups. This bimodal activity pattern is similar to that of both wild Ceylon and Indian A. axis subspecies despite the absence of predators in the study area. The bimodal activity may be related to thermoregulatory functions while grazing in open grass areas.
Serum HMGB1, DKK1, and ACE2 as a Function of Lung Injuries in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Al-Hakeim Hussein Kadhem , Hammooz Jawad Kadhim , Ali Muntadher Mohammed
Published: December 2021

There is a need for a biomarker for lung injury in COVID-19 patients. In the present study, an attempt was carried out to examine the role of Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a function for the lung abnormalities in CT-scan (LACTS). To perform the goals, DKK1, HMGB1, and ACE2 were measured in patients and controls using the ELISA technique. In contrast, other parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. The results showed decreased SpO2 and albumin and an increase in the serum biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, creatinine, D-dimer, ACE2, DKK1, and HMGB1) in COVID-19 patients compared with the control group. In COVID-19 patients, the percentages of the lung abnormalities in CT-scan% are 40.67±11.84. The results showed that those patients with LACTS patients are slightly older and have lower SpO2 than the patients without the LACTS group. ACE2 shows a significant correlation with SpO2 (ρ = 0.336, p<0.01) and a negative correlation with albumin (ρ = -0.197, p<0.05). Other parameters showed no significant correlation with the measured biomarkers. In conclusion, COVID-19 patients have higher ACE, DKK1, and HMGB1 indicating the involvement of the pathways of these biomarkers in the disease progression including lung injury.
Quality Improvement of White Pepper with Processing through Optimizing the Ratio of Starter Culture from Acetobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus
Authors: Sasmitaloka Kirana Sanggrami , Hernani Hernani
Published: December 2021

Fermentation process using known microbial species can be exploited for the processing of white pepper. It is expected to generate quality of white pepper in a short period soaking time. This research aimed to study characteristics of white pepper through a fermentation process by addition of combination isolates of Acetobacter sp., B. subtilis, and B. cereus. After threshing, 2 kg of fresh pepper berries was soaked in water mixed with starter culture. The experiment used a completely randomized design, two replications. The treatment consisted of: A) starter culture ratio of Acetobacter sp.: B. subtillis: B. cereus (A1 = 0:0:0; A2 = 1:1:1; A3 = 2:1:1; A4 = 1:2:1; and A5 = 1:1:2) and soaking time (B1 = 5 and B2 = 7 days). Fermented pepper was decorticated, washed, and dried. The best treatment was fermented for 7 days with the combination isolates of Acetobacter sp., B. subtilis, and B. cereus with ratio 2:1:1. This condition produced white pepper in fulfilling in requirement of SNI standards with piperine and essential oil contents and TPC of 5.95%, 2.95% and 1.1 x 102 CFU/g, respectively. This process is expected to generate high quality of white pepper in a short soaking time.
Modeling the Wintering Habitat Distribution of Oriental Honey Buzzards in West Java Indonesia with Satellite Tracking Data Using Logistic Regression
Authors: Syartinilia Syartinilia , Mulyani Yeni Aryati , Makalew Afra Donatha Nimia , Higuchi Hiroyoshi
Published: December 2021

Oriental honey buzzards (OHBs, Pernis ptilorhynchus) are one of migratory raptor from Japan to Indonesia which is widely recognized as indicator species reflecting the conditions of their habitat. Since 2003, OHBs have been satellite-tracked in their wintering grounds in Indonesia. Less information available on wintering areas in the west Java, which hampers the OHB conservation efforts. This paper proposes a new approach for predicting the probability models of the wintering habitat distribution of OHBs with the presence data derived from satellite tracking using logistic regression analysis coupled with RAMAS GIS. This spatial model was locally constructed from the data concerning Talaga Bodas and its surrounding areas and extrapolated for the entire West Java region. The best predicted probability model successfully characterized the distribution of the OHB wintering habitat using slope (25–40%), elevation (0–300 m and >1,000 m), and land cover (forest, paddy field, and water body). The extrapolation model generated potential areas of the wintering habitat distribution covering an area of 3013.13 km2 (8.11% of West Java). These areas were predominantly located outside the protected areas (94.04%). The modeling approach proposed herein may be used to study other migratory species that are tracked using satellite or other navigation technologies.
Characteristics and Activity Anti Qourum Sensing Bacillus spp. Isolated from Penaeus vannamei Shrimp Ponds
Authors: Rusmana Iman , Hastuti Yuni Puji , Alfisah Rizal Khoirun , Akhdiya Alina
Published: December 2021

Certain strains of V. parahaemolyticus carry a gene that encodes a toxin that causes Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in P. vannamei. AHPND attacks shrimp post larvae within 20-30 days after stocking causing up to 100% mortality. The expression of these virulent genes is controlled by the quorum sensing system. This system is inhibited by an anti-quorum sensing (AQS) mechanism. Several Bacillus strains have AQS mechanism by producing AHL-Lactonase enzyme. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain Bacillus spp. having AQS activity for controlling AHPND. The study was conducted from isolation and selection of Bacillus isolates, as well as determination of AQS activity. From 22 samples consisting of shrimp intestines, water and pond sediment samples, a total of 151 isolates of Bacillus spp. were isolated. The screening test for AQS activity obtained 11 isolates that showed AQS activity on Cromobacterium violaceum. Determination of violacein pigment in liquid cultures of C. violaceum showed the index value of the pigment formation was between 0.025-0.166 and 0.026-0.567 at 24-hour and between 48-hour incubations, respectively. The quantitative analysis of violacein production showed that there were six isolates of Bacillus could inhibit the pigment production more than 75%. The isolates were identified as Bacillus cereus (four isolates), Bacillus thuringiensis (one isolate), and Bacillus velezensis (one isolate), respectively. The molecular analysis had confirmed that the isolates have aiiA genes encoding AHL-lactonase enzyme. These Bacillus isolates have potential application for controlling AHNPD disease.
Pembelajaran Audio Visual Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Di TK Kana Ungaran
Authors: Kristanti Diana , Purwanto Hary , Wenas Maria Lidya
Published: December 2021

Learning activities have an essential role in improving learning, which serves to see how understanding students receive new knowledge from the teaching and learning process, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic with audiovisual materials at Kana Ungaran Integrated Kindergarten. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative (survey). The data collection method used a questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) aspects of children's learning activities in participating in the learning process in terms of prayer (93%) were stated to be very active; (2) then the observing aspect (76%) can be noted that children are involved in online learning; (3) then the aspect of remembering (94%) can be stated that the child is very active in participating in the learning process in terms of placing; and (4) the next aspect is understanding (66%) can be stated that they are pretty active in the learning process. From the research results, the lowest aspect is understanding (66%), and the highest aspect is remembering (94%). This study suggests that teachers and parents work together and entrust the child to the supervisor during the online learning process. Aktivitas belajar memiliki peranan penting dalam proses peningkatan pembelajaran, yang berfungsi untuk melihat seberapa paham siswa menerima pengetahuan baru dari proses belajar mengajar terlebih pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan berbantuan audio visual di TK Terpadu Kana Ungaran.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah kuantitatif deskriptif (survei). Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Hasil penelitian bahwa: (1) aspek aktivitas belajar anak dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran dari dalam hal berdoa (93%) sebelumnya (53%) dinyatakan sangat aktif; (2) kemudian aspek mengamati (76%) sebelumnya (45%) dapat dinyatakan anak aktif dalam pembelajaran daring; (3) selanjutnya aspek mengingat (94%) sebelumnya (59%) dapat dinyatakan anak sangat aktif dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran dalam hal mengingat; dan (4) aspek yang keberikutnya ialah memahami (66%) sebelumnya (36%) dapat dinyatakan cukup aktif dalam proses pembelajarannya. Dari hasil penelitian menghasilkan aspek terendah ialah memahami (66%) dan aspek tertinggi ialah mengingat (94%).  Dalam penelitian ini disarankan kepada guru dan orang tua murid untuk bekerjasama dan mempercayakan anak kepada pembimbing selama proses pembelajaran daring.
Pengembangan Prodi Manajemen Pendidikan Kristen: Sebuah Studi Kasus
Authors: Lumban Tobing Lasmaria , Lumban Gaol Nasib Tua , Gultom Rogate , Situmorang Marudut , Sitio Robert Juni Tua
Published: December 2021

Since its establishment in 2018, Christian education management has begun to develop continuously in the educational context of Indonesia. However, it still requires studying more. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate how the department of Christian education management may be developed at the Christian higher education. The qualitative research, in particular, a case study was conducted to investigate the topic. Seven participants were involved and a manual book of Christian educational management department was used as the source of data. Based on the result of the study, it was found four themes that need to pay attention seriously in order to develop further the department of Christian educational management in Christian higher education, namely vision, mission, purpose, curriculum, collaboration, and alumnus. On the other side, for improving the knowledge on the management of Christian education organizations, contributions of this study for further research, practitioners and policy-makers are provided AbstrakSemenjak berdirinya pada tahun 2018, manajemen pendidikan Kristen telah mulai berkembang secara berkelanjutan pada konteks pendidikan Indonesia. Namun, bidang tersebut masih membutuhkan pengkajian lebih lanjut. Sekaitan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi bagaimana program studi manajemen pendidikan Kristen dapat dikembangkan di pergururuan tinggi Kristen. Penelitian kualitatif, sebuah studi kasus, dilakukan untuk menginvestigasi topik tersebut. Sebanyak tujuh informan dilibatkan dan sebuah buku pedoman Prodi manajemen pendidikan Kristen digunakan sebagai sumber data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, studi ini menemukan bahwa terdapat beberapa tema penting yang perlu menjadi perhatian serius untuk pengembangan sebuah program studi manajemen pendidikan Kristen di perguruan tinggi Kristen, yakni visi, misi, tujuan kurikulum, kerja sama, dan lulusan. Di lain pihak, untuk peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pengelolaan organisasi-organisasi pendidikan Kristen, kontribusi studi ini untuk peneliti selanjutnya, praktisi, dan pengambil kebijakan disajikan.
Peran dan Kendala Orang Tua Dalam Pendampingan Pembelajaran Siswa Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Wesly Desserly Krismawaty , Sujoko Edi , Riniwati R
Published: December 2021

The role of parents is a determining element of student success during the Covid-19 pandemic. Achieving success in children's education cannot be separated from the vital role of parents, who are the primary source in children's education. The research question is: What is parents' role in Christian Religious Learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at SDN 02 Kalirejo in the 2019/2020 academic year? The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that parents act as teachers, motivators, facilitators, and mentors. Then it was also found that not all parents of students have played their role in the distance learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. This is due to several factors, including an incomplete understanding of the role of parents in the distance learning process; minimal socialization about the role of parents in distance learning either from schools or educators; distance learning is new for parents; working parents cause the time allocation to be minimal. AbstrakPeran orang tua menjadi unsur penentu keberhasilan siswa di masa pandemi Covid-19.  Pencapaian suatu keberhasilan dalam pendidikan anak tidak terlepas dari peran penting orang tua yang menjadi sumber utama di dalam pendidikan anak.  Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peran orang tua pada Pembelajaran Agama Kristen di masa pandemi Covid-19 di SDN 02 Kalirejo tahun ajaran 2019/2020? Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang tua berperan sebagai guru, motivator, fasilitator, dan pembimbing. Kemudian ditemukan pula bahwa belum semua orang tua siswa menjalankan perannya dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut disebabkan beberapa faktor, diantaranya: pemahaman yang belum utuh tentang peran orang tua dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh; sosialisasi yang minim tentang peran orang tua dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh baik dari sekolah ataupun pendidik; pembelajaran jarak jauh merupakan hal yang  baru bagi orang tua siswa; orang tua yang bekerja menyebabkan alokasi waktu menjadi minim.
Amphiphilic Myopathy Induced by Hydroxychloroquine Presenting with Dysarthria
Authors: Sung Euihyun , Kim Hongil , Lee Hyesun , Lee Sanggon
Published: December 2021

Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are commonly used antimalarial agents as the treatment for a wide range of autoimmune disorders including dermatological, rheumatoid, and connective tissue diseases. These amphiphilic drugs can cause toxic myopathy in in patients which are commonly characterized as reversible proximal muscle weakness, dysphagia and dyspnea. Herein, we report a case of a patient on HCQ, who suffered from toxic myopathy presenting as proximal muscle weakness and dysarthria, which was fully recovered after the cessation.
Peranan Abbot Sebagai Representasi Kristus dan Implikasinya dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Benes Meiliana Evita
Published: December 2021

Kehadiran pemimpin rohani yang memiliki kekuasaan mutlak jelas berkaitan langsung dengan pertumbuhan spiritual orang-orang yang dilayani. Abbot (kepala biara) di masa biara adalah contoh pemimpin dengan kualifikasi yang tinggi untuk melakukan tugas instruksional terkait dengan formasi spiritual. Perkembangan sejarah kemudian menunjukkan perubahan dan kompleksitas peran ini. Peranan abbot tidak hanya penting bagi orang dewasa, tetapi juga anak-anak—bahkan anak usia dini. Sebab, pemimpin rohani hadir sebagai representasi Kristus untuk menunjukkan kasih yang benar, otentik, utuh dan seimbang. Kristus adalah otoritas utama dalam proses instruksional ini. Anak usia dini juga membutuhkan kehadiran pihak berotoritas untuk mendukung formasi spiritualitas mereka. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, maka hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan adalah melihat peranan pemimpin rohani dan kebutuhan spiritual berdasarkan perkembangan anak usia dini.
COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF KUMARIKA VATI AND MEFENAMIC ACID IN UDAVARTINI YONIVYAPAD (SPASMODIC DYSMENORRHEA)
Authors: Verma Rashmi , M Supriya , Mattur Shobha
Published: December 2021

Menstruation is a normal physiological process when it is accompanied by pain is called Dysmenorrhea. It is one of the commonest gynaecological complaints. Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation, which is the pratyatma lax- ana of Udavartini yoni vyapad i.e., spasmodic dysmenorrhea. It is a common cause of distress in women. Here the main reason for pain is the vitiation of vata dosha (apana vata), viloma/pratiloma gati leading to vedna yukta artava munchan and to manage this pratiloma vata, one needs to use drugs that have anulomana properties and vedna samak. Kumarika vati is used as vedana shamaka aushadha to give symptomatic relief. Hence the topic was selected for the study. Objectives: To compare the effect of Kumarika Vati with Mefenamic Acid in the man- agement of Udavartini Yonivyapad (Spasmodic Dysmenorrhea). Materials & Methods: 20 patients of Group A were treated with Kumarika Vati, a dose of 250mg BD 5 days before menstruation & 5 days during menstruation. 20 patients of Group B were treated with a Mefenamic Acid dose of 250mg BD for 3 days during menstruation. Result: The data of both groups were collected according to the objective and subjective parameters and analyzed using the most appropriate statistical test (repeated measures of ANOVA test and Mann –Whitney U test). The efficacy is statically significant within the group at P<0.001 and statistically insignificant between the group at P>0.05 among all the parameters. Interpretation and Conclusion: On comparison of Kumarika Vati with Mefenamic acid both have equal effectiveness in relieving the pain intensity, pain duration, site of pain, nature of pain and associated complaints.
Keywords: Udavartini Yoni Vyapad, Dysmenorrhea, Kumarika Vati, Mefenamic Acid.
REVIEW ARTICLE ON AYURVEDIC APPROACH SANDHIGAT VATA W.S.R. TO OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: C. S. Tanmane , Khan Akram Yusuf
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda the science of life, healthy and higher longevity are always desirable from it. In today's modern era due to atmosphere, lack of proper healthy diet, travelling and old age etc. metabolic and degenerative disease of connective tissue and the joint problem is quite affluent, and the disease occurrence starts early. Sandhi- gatavata (Osteoarthritis) is a disease due to vitiated Vata in various Sandhi or joints in the body. It is de- scribed under Vatavyadhi in almost every literature of Ayurveda. Clinically the description of Sandhigata Vata explained in theclassical texts is like the condition osteoarthritis in modern science. Sandhigata Vata is described under Vatavyadhi in all the Samhitas and Sangraha Granthas. Ayurveda highlighted degenerative diseases under the concepts like “Dhatu Saithilyam” and “Dhatu Kshayam”. Sandhigata Vata is one such disease, which needs a specific target of therapeutic intervention to check or slow down the process of “Dhatu Kshaya” and to pacify Vata. Sandhigatavata may be correlated with degenerative joint disease or Osteoarthritis, which in turn cripples the patient to the maximum, extends and reduces the total working ca- pacity of the person. It limits everyday activities such as walking, dressing, bathing etc., thus making indi- viduals handicapped.
Keywords: Sandhigatavata, Osteoarthritis, Joint, Vata Vyadhi.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF MEDADUSTI IN PRAMEHA W.S.R. TO ITS THERAPEUTIC MEASURES WITH MUSTAK
Authors: Ray Sukalyan , Sengupta Apala , Chattopadhyaya Abichal
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Agni (digestive and metabolic energy) is the main factor for digestion and metabolism. Meda (a type of body tissue i.e., fats) is formed from the Mamsa (a type of body tissue i.e., muscle) with its own Ushma (heat) in addition to the Snigdhatva (unctuousness) & Dravadtva Guna (liquidity) of Apa Mahabhuta (one of the fundamental components of this universe i.e., water). Due to impairment of Dhatvagni (metabolic energy), Medadusti (impair- ment of fats) takes place and in turn may result in Prameha (diabetes mellitus), Sthaulya (obesity) etc. Prameha is one of the leading diseases in the present era. The aggravated Kapha afflicts Meda, Mamsa and Kleda (moisture elements of the body) and in due course of time, Kaphaja Meha (a type of Prameha) is converted into Pittaja Meha (a type of Prameha), followed by Vataja Meha (another type of Prameha) if not treated properly. Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate the concept of Meda and the role of Medadusti in the pathogenesis of Prameha along with the efficacy of the selected drug Mustak (Cyperus rotundus Linn.) to combat the situation. Material & Methods: In selected 35 patients of Prameha having the Medadusti Lakshan based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, Mustak (Cyprus rotundus Linn.) was administered in stipulated dose (12 grams in two divided doses with plain warm water) for two months. Result: The subjective parameters for Medadusti is clinically present in a max- imum number of Prameha patients. The result also reveals the significant efficacy of Mustak on relevant subjective and objective parameters with a 'p-value <0.001 in all subjective and objective parameters. Conclusion: The Nidan (aetiology) of Medadusti has a definite role to cause Prameha. In all the patients of Prameha, Medadusti Lakshan (features of impaired fatty tissue) is clinically present. The patients suffering from Prameha can be treated with the drug response to arrest the Medadusti like Mustak.
Keywords: Medadusti, Mustak, Prameha
DIGESTIVE DISORDERS (ANNAVAHA SROTAS VYADHI) IN OLD AGE – ISSUES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Basantwani Geeta , Prasad Rajendra
Published: December 2021

Old age is the result of the natural process of ageing and the time to enjoy life. As at this time, we are almost free from all responsibilities. But it can be enjoyed only when one is free from major ailments otherwise it becomes a great burden on ourselves as well as on others too. Due to increased health awareness, the average age of people is increasing day by day and the advancement in medical science provides great help in this regard. Therefore, peo- ple live longer but the natural process of ageing and exposure to unfavourable things causes a lot of derangements and weakening of bodily systems and organs in old age. So, there is a great need for geriatric health care in day- to-day practice so that we can improve the quality of life of old age. Besides a lot of major health problems of old age like Heart Disease, Hypertension, Diabetics, Joint disorders, Dementia, Strokes, etc; some minor ailments are equally important as they are often the cause of many major ailments e.g., Gastric Upsets, Insomnia, Anxiety, etc.
Keywords: Digestive Disorders, Old age, Vriddhaavastha, Annavahasrotasvyadhi, Issues, Solutions, Agni
PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF UPADHATU AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS W. S. R. TO SNAYU
Authors: Arun Warkade Pravini , Maneesha Kothekar , Snehavibha Mishra
Published: December 2021

Updhatus are important physiological units and are derived from Dhatus and resemble Dhatus in terms of structure, function and nature. Dhatus are the seven basic fundamental principles that support the basic structure which hold the bodily elements together and the functioning of the body. Meda dhatu is fourth among seven dhatus. During the process of metabolism and formation of Meda Dhatu, ligaments (snayu) are formed as metabolic byproducts (upadhatu). Snayu is the most important structure of the human body which helps to maintain the weight carrying capacity of the joint and plays a crucial role during the movement of the joint. The Snayu is much similar to the ligament. Any injury to the ligament is known as a sprain. Sprain is most common in sportsmen and hard workers. Common ligamental injuries are to the knee, ankle, wrist, thumb, neck or back ligament with ankle injury being the most commonly occurring injury. So, the complete knowledge of snayu very essential to prevent such injuries and certain disease conditions.
Keywords: Updhatu, Meda Dhatu, Snayu
ROLE OF TRIVIDHA ROGAYATANA IN THE MANIFESTATION OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION W.S.R. TO PRAGYAPARADA - A CONCEPTUAL STUDY
Authors: Nigwal Ajay Kumar , Keswani Lajwanti , Malviya Rajesh Kumar , Yadav Arvind Kumar
Published: December 2021

Cardiovascular disease such as hypertension will be the largest cause of death and disability in India by 2020. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing globally and currently, more than 1 billion people have hypertension. About 26.4% of the world adult population in 2000 had hypertension and 29.2% were projected to have this con- dition by 2025. Elevated blood pressure affects 1 billion individuals and causes an estimated 10.4 million deaths per year. Thus, hypertension is needed to be studied. Though a lot of potent antihypertensive drugs are available today none of them is free from untoward adverse effects. Especially the elderly population poorly tolerates these drugs. The global incidence of hypertension is increasing day by day and is a very common problem nowadays. Ayurveda has classified the causes of disease into three main categories: - 1. Asatmendriyartha Samyoga 2. Pragyaparada and 3. Parinama (Kaala), these three main causes of disease enable different kinds of diseases to manifest. Firstly, they lead to the imbalance of body /or mind by vitiation the Tridosha. The consequence of the imbalance is a disturbance of the basic biological principles. Hypertension is a lifestyle disorder. Ayurveda causes of lifestyle disorders are mainly Pragyaparada. Pragyaparadha is the main cause of all noncommunicable dis- eases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cancer, hypertension etc.
Keywords: Asatmendriyartha, Pragyaparada, Parinama, Trividha Rogaayatanas, Hypertension.
IMPORTANCE AND PROCEDURE FOR ANALYSIS OF MEDA DHATU
Authors: Kaushik Kavita , Aggarwal Ruby Rani
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda, the most ancient science means knowledge of life which serves mankind by providing a comprehen- sive, natural and holistic cure for diseases related to mind and body. The aim of Ayurveda is not only to treat the disease but also to protect the health of the healthy individual as said in the classics i.e., “swasthasya swasthya rakshanam aturasya vikara prashmanam ch”. Health in Ayurveda is defined as an accurate amount of Dosha, Dhatu and Mala. Any type of variations in quantity as well as quality leads to diseases. One of the dhatus i.e., Meda Dhatu is correlated with fat and lipid in modern science. This paper is about the method by which Meda Dhatu can be assessed according to Ayurveda.
Keywords: meda, dhatu, swasthasya, assessment
GLOBALIZATION OF AYURVEDA
Authors: Narine Avvinish , Peiro Fatemeh Moazzami , Mangal Gopesh
Published: December 2021

Globalization is the process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide, causing growth in international trade and the exchange of ideas and culture. Ayurveda, the Science of Life, was in previous times, only available in the Indian subcontinent and surrounding countries. But with the advancement of time and technology, awareness of the great Science of Ayurveda has spread globally, and many nations now seek to explore this science. In 1978 the ‘Alma-Ata-Declaration’ by the WHO stated their evaluation and promotion of traditional medicine1. Which, after many policies and committees, eventually led to the birth and mainstreaming of the AYUSH Ministry in 2003. Today the globalization process of the Ayurveda system of medicine has reached many nations, due to the efforts of the AYUSH Ministry, especially in the Covid-19 pandemic situation the role of Ayurveda and AYUSH Ministry guidelines to boost immunity and the preventative aspect globally is something worth mentioning. In this article, an overview will be given as to what is being done globally, with a special focus on the status of Ayurveda in Trinidad and Tobago and Iran (Persia).
Keywords: AYUSH, Ayurveda, Globalization, MoU, WHO.
A REVIEW ON VANASURANA GHRTA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ARSHAS
Authors: A M Najiya , Subash Surej , Vinayan Shyam
Published: December 2021

Arshas is one among many diseases which are most unkind towards mankind. The incidence of Arshas increases with advancing age and at least 50% of people over the age of 50 years have some degree of hemorrhoidal symp- toms. Hemorrhoids are the dilated veins in the anal canal in the subepithelial region formed by radicals of the su- perior, middle, and inferior rectal vein[1]. In this modern era the improper diet habits, junk food intake, inhibition of natural urges and mental strain makes one susceptible to this disease. Acharya Sushrutha while detailing the treatment principles of Arshas has categorized it as Bheshajasadhya, Kshara Karma Sadhya, Agnikarmasadhya and shastra karma sadhya[2]. Surgical treatments though commonly being practised are very painful and hence will put the patients into more agony. Despite putting the patient into such a state there are high chances of recur- rence of the condition. Hence there is a need for very effective as well as less/non-agonizing treatment for Arshas. Vansurana Ghrta is an unexplored formulation that is mentioned in ChikitsaManjari[3]. The main ingredient Vanasurana is considered as Agryoushada for Arshas in Kaiyyadevanighandu.
Keywords: Arshas, Vanasurana ghrta
A REVIEW OF CORRELATION BETWEEN GRAHA-NAKSHATRA AND NAKSHATRA VRIKSHAS WITH ASTROLOGICAL AND AYURVEDIC APPROACH
Authors: Sindra Jayprakash , Shrivastava Rajeev Kumar , Devi Durgawati
Published: December 2021

There is a huge relation between humans and plants. In Hinduism, vriksha have been considered like God. With the hope of achieving good health and accomplishment of works, the legislation for their worship and protection is very ancient. Ayurveda and astrology are proven to be an Indian heritage. They both are established with a scientific base. Nowadays they have got worldwide acceptance. The aim of both the sciences is to maintain the physical and mental health of human beings. Nakshatras have a very close relationship with nature, due to changes in nakshatras transformation occur in plants and all living beings. it has been seen that the graha and nakshatras related to our birth time have a wide impact on humans it is described in many old scriptures and Ayurveda. Indian astrology has stated 27 nakshatras with their vriksha. The nakshatra at which a person is born is considered to be his or her birth nakshatra. Each nakshatra has a relation with a vriksha, it is called nakshatra vriksha this is described in rajnighantu they are also known as aradhya vrikshas (worshipped plant). It is also described in many old scriptures and Ayurveda.1
Keywords: graha, nakshatra, nakshatra vriksha, aradhya vriksha.
MIRACLE AYURVEDIC HERB - ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA DUNAL)
Authors: Sukumar Bargale Sushant
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is successfully implemented as a primary healthcare system in India, and it is flourishing in the promotion of health around the world. Ayurveda aims to create a society happily, healthy, and peaceful. In general, the simple regimes mentioned in Ayurveda texts are of immense use faced by the present world today regarding health pro- motion. Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) is usually referred to as 'Indian winter cherry' or 'Indian Ginseng'. It is a shrub grown in India and North America whose roots have been used by Ayurvedic practitioners for thousands of years. Ashwagandha is one of Ayurveda's most essential herbs, used as Rasayana for its wide range of health benefits for centuries. Chemicals constitute of Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera)- The chemistry of Ashwagan- dha (Withania Somnifera) has been widely studied and numerous categories of chemical constituents have been described, extracted, and isolated, such as steroidal lactones, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannin, etc. More than 12 alka- loids, 40 withanolides and several sitoindosides have currently been isolated from the aerial parts, roots, and berries of the Withania species and have been recorded. The principal biochemical element of Ashwagandha (WS) root is withanolides, which are steroidal alkaloids and steroidal lactones. The pharmacological activity of Ashwagan- dha- It has been shown to have pharmacological importance as an Adaptogen, Antibiotic, abortifacient, aphrodisiac, Astringent, Anti-inflammatory, deobstructive, diuretic, narcotic, sedative, and tonic through centuries of Ayurvedic medicinal practice using Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera). Along with these Ashwagandha acts as Anti-stress,Anticarcinogenic activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Anti-aging activity, Cardioprotective activity, hypothyroid activity and Immunomodulatory activity.
Keywords: Ashwagandha, Withania Somnifera, Alkaloids, Withanoids, sitoindosides
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF PHYSICIAN ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA AND MODERN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sharma Durga Lal , Saini Shri Ram
Published: December 2021

Ethics is a collection of principles that govern proper behaviour. In Ayurveda, the concept of ethics is strongly related to the concept of Dharma. Many instructions on appropriate medical practice can be found in Ayurveda textbooks. Chatushpada describes the qualities of a good patient and a good physician. The Adhyayana Vidhi clarifies the process of medical education as well as the rules for establishing future practises. Other milestones include Sadvritta and Vaidya Vrutti, which are extensive sets of standards for professional ethical conduct. Ayur- vedic Acharyas also instruct physicians on how to communicate with patients. As Ayurveda is the oldest medical science, ethical codes in medicine have existed since the beginning. In the numerous Ayurvedic Samhitas, refer- ences to medical ethics were described, including the responsibility of a physician, ideal qualities of a physician,
surgeon qualities, medicinal dose (according to nature of individuals) and medicinal dosage for children, as well as specifics of post-mortem and anaesthetic. This paper enlightens the duties of a physician with Ayurvedic and modern perspectives.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Duties, Physician
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF SAMANA VAYU IN RELATION TO THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: Sajwan Neha , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Dinesh Chandra
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is a science that has been around for thousands of years and has proven to be beneficial to humans. Ayurveda is based on the tridosha theory. Vata, one of three doshas, plays an essential and major part in both healthy and unhealthy conditions, according to acharya sushruta dosha, dhatu and mala maintain our body. There are five types of vata- prana, udan, samana, vyan and apaan vayu. Among these five doshas samana vayu is situated near jatharagni and circulate all over the GIT tract. It helps in the division of essence and waste products, as well as the movement of the gastrointestinal tract, by stimulating the agni. In the body, jatharagni takes the form of pachak pitta, one of the pitta subtypes. Agnimandhya is responsible for all diseases, as we all know. The fire is fueled by samana vayu, who keeps it balanced. As a result, samana vayu might be regarded to play a specialized role in digestion. All of the samana vayu's functions can be compared to the physiological functions of the enteric nervous system and the sympathetic and parasympathetic supply of the Autonomic nervous system to the gastrointestinal tract. In this article, an attempt is made to correlate the physiological activity of samana vayu with the enteric nervous system.
Keywords: Samana vayu, Prana vayu, Apan vayu, Sacral Segment.