bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiohemodynamics and gas analysis rearrangements in response to re-breathing in young males of Russia’s Fareast
Authors: Averyanova Inessa V.
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study was to examine the changes occurred in the heart rate variability, cardiovascular system and gas analysis in response to the test with return breathing in young Caucasian and Native men residing in Magadan region and Chukotka Autonomous District. Methods — Total 345 young men were examined; of them 65 were Native people from Chukotka Autonomous District (ChAD) and 35 Natives from Magadan Region (MR) as well as Caucasians (48 from ChAD and 197 from MR, respectively). Results — Studies have shown that in response to the hypoxic-hypercapnic effect, there were changes in the cardiovascular system, heart rate and gas analysis, with a number of differences depending on ethnicity and the region of residence. Region-related features of cardiohemodynamics were manifested by a more pronounced increase in the systolic blood pressure and heart rate in response to the re-breathing test in the two ethnic groups living in ChAD, which was observed against the background of higher values of the difference “baseline-test” in carbon dioxide levels in the exhaled air. Ethnic differences in our studies were seen due to the pronounced increase in response to the test for the activity of the parasympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system (increased TP and HF), at the background of a decrease in VLF observed only among Caucasians, which was associated with the lowest oxygen concentration in the exhaled air at the peak of the test. It was found that the significant differences in gas analysis identified at rest and at the peak of the test as well as rearrangements of the heart rate and cardiovascular system characteristics in response to the re-breathing in the young subjects residing in different regions of northeast Russia and belonging to different ethnic groups can serve as informative criteria reflecting the region caused ethnic characteristics of the organism. Conclusion — It was found, the most visible and informative parameters for the differences in dynamics of the studied systems demonstrated by the subjects of the two ethnic groups in the two observed regions of the Far East in response to a hypoxic-hypercapnic test with return breathing have been the spectral characteristics of the heart rate (TP, HF, VLF) and gas analysis with the calculation of the difference between the baseline and the peak values (difference in the CO2 and O2 concentration of the test-baseline).
Analysis of the effect of pneumonia on mortality (ORACLE-RF)
Authors: Arutyunov Alexander G. , Sokolova Anna V. , Arutyunov Grigoriy P. , Dragunov Dmitry O.
Published: July 2020

Objective — To analyze the effect of pneumonia on mortality among patients with circulatory decompensation. Material and methods — The study was based on the ORACLE-RF registry containing information obtained from 20 cities in Russia. Patients were monitored for one year. The research included men and women with symptoms of chronic heart failure during circulatory decompensation period. The patients' average age was 67±13 years. Final analysis included 2404 patients. Results — Hospital mortality was at 9%. By the 30th day of observation, overall mortality rate stood at 13%. Within the year, the overall mortality rate was 43%. Pneumonia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) had the most pronounced effect on death risk – 49.5% and 47.2%. The study showed that patients who do not have pneumonia and CKD among other associated diseases were 2.5 times more likely to survive after 360 days of observation than patients who have them among other associated diseases. The chances of favorable prognosis in patients without pneumonia are 1.7 times higher than in patients with pneumonia among other diseases. Conclusion — Pneumonia probably triggered the decompensation mechanism and significantly increased mortality in these patients.
Mini-invasive technique of implanting the first domestic wireless epicardial pacemaker with a MEMS-converter
Authors: Bockeria Olga L. , Biniashvili Mikhail B. , Le Tatyana G. , Satyukova Anna S. , Zhiengaliev Daniyar K. , Shvartz Vladimir A.
Published: July 2020

This article describes a minimally invasive surgical technique for implanting the pacemaker with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) converter of kinematic energy into electrical energy in patients with life-threatening rhythm disorders. This kind of technique is recommended for patients with cardiac pathology who are preparing for surgical treatment of the main pathology with simultaneous implantation of the pacemaker with MEMS-converter of kinematic energy into electrical energy. Implantation of the pacemaker should be performed in the most energy-efficient zone of the epicardium, determined in advance by the method of tissue echocardiography.
Evidence of Hypertension in Healthy Children and Its Association with Body Composition and Aerobic Capacity
Authors: Tetteh Aaron Azzu , Moses Monday Omoniyi
Published: July 2020

Hypertension is mostly associated with adulthood and old age with little attention on children. This study provided evidence of hypertension in healthy children and its association with body composition and aerobic capacity (VO2max). 266 healthy children aged 8-11 years were recruited for the study. Blood pressure, heart rate, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat free mass, bone mass, visceral fat, total body water (TBW), and VO2max were measured. 18.79% were pre-hypertensive and 9.40% overweight at least, while 65.42% underweight. Correlation between blood pressure and maxVO2 was significant (P < 0.05). VO2max significantly correlate with body mass index (r = -.415, P < 0.05), fat mass (r = -.385, P < 0.05) negatively and visceral fat (r = -.267, P < 0.05) and positive with fat free mass (r =.385, P < 0.05) and bone mass (r =.077, P < 0.05). Gender differences were significant in BMR, TBW, VO2max and heart rate (P < 0.05). Evidence of hypertension in relatively healthy children is a clarion call to avert unprecedented decline in future life expectancy rate. Physical activity interventions are suggested antidotes to avert the risk factors of hypertension and excess body fat in children
Physical Exercises By Giving Glutathione for Changes of Leukocytes, Neutrophils, and Lymphocytes Amounts
Authors: Yanuarti Tuty , Sugiharto Sugiharto
Published: July 2020

Physical exercise changes the antibody endurance of each person. This study aims to determine in depth changes in the number of leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes using physical exercise after being given glutathione. The method used experimentally using a posttest randomized control group design. The study was conducted in three groups where each group consisting of men and women who are in the age range of 20-30 years. Each group consisted of 10 people (n), K1 was given a placebo, K2 was given glutathione 54 mg / kg BW, K3 given 108 mg / kg BW. All treatments are given intraperitoneally twice a day until the third day. Maximum physical exercise is swimming. On the third day after 3 hours of treatment (placebo or glutathione), then participants take a leukocyte profile measurement. The findings show that the number of leukocytes: K2> K1; P = 0.005; K2 - K3; P = 0.168; - K3; P 0.105, neutrophils: Kl, K2 and K3 are not different, even though K2 is highest, lymphocyte: K2> K1; P = 0.003, K1 - K3 and K2 - K3 is not different even though K2 is highest. The conclusion of this study is the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes treated with glutathione 54 mg / kg BW (K2) is significantly higher than K1 after strenuous physical exercise. Thus, the content of glutathione must be balanced with the body’s needs so that the body is healthy and is able to do the heavy activities.
Fighting liver fat
Authors: Koeckerling David , Tomlinson Jeremy W , Cobbold Jeremy F
Published: July 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic liver disease which is closely associated with components of the metabolic syndrome. Its high clinical burden results from the growing prevalence, inherent cardiometabolic risk and potential of progressing to cirrhosis. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease show variable rates of disease progression through a histological spectrum ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis. The presence and severity of fibrosis are the most important prognostic factors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This necessitates risk stratification of patients by fibrosis stage using combinations of non-invasive methods, such as composite scoring systems and/or transient elastography. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is advised, centred on amelioration of cardiometabolic risk through lifestyle and pharmacological interventions. Despite the current lack of licensed, liver-targeted pharmacotherapy, several promising agents are undergoing late-phase clinical trials to complement standard management in patients with advanced disease. This review summarises the current concepts in diagnosis and disease progression of non-alcoholic liver disease, focusing on pragmatic approaches to risk assessment and management in both primary and secondary care settings.
Bimetallic nanocatalysts PtCu and PtNi for fuel cells
Authors: Chernikova O. M. , Ogorodnik Y. V.
Published: July 2020

We review the physical mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic oxidizing reactions methanol oxidation using bimetallic film layered mechanically strained PtNi and PtCu-based catalysts. The main research methods are theoretical calculations based on the density functional theory and the ˝ab initio˝ pseudopotential method. The work illustrates that the mechanical stress and the presence of dissociated oxygen have the greatest impact on increasing electron bimetallic catalyst activity during the oxidation of methanol with using bimetallic layered mechanically strained PtNi and PtCu-based catalysts. The compression of the platinum film pushes the electron density outside the film and it gives the density an elongated form and increases the chemical and absorption activity of the film.
Kinetic effects in cadmium antimonide crystals before and after gamma-irradiation
Authors: Fedosov S. A. , Zakharchuk D. A. , Кoval Y. V. , Yashchynskiy L. V. , Urban O. A.
Published: July 2020

The influence of large doses of 60Co gamma-quanta on the electrical properties of cadmium antimonide crystals with different electrical conductivity has been investigated. It is revealed that radiation defects of both donor and acceptor types are introduced into the lattice of the material with gamma-irradiation. Their influence depends on the level of doping and the type of conductivity of the starting material. The effectiveness of removal of carriers is a consequence of the involvement of impurity atoms in the formation of corresponding radiation defects with deep energy levels.
Physical-topology modeling of silicon/gallium arsenide Schottky transistor of submicron technology LSI
Authors: Novosyadliy S. P. , Lukovkin V. M. , Melnyk R. , Pavlyshyn A. V.
Published: July 2020

In this paper described researched essentials and physical mechanisms of MESFET on epitaxy layers of GaAs with monocrystalline silicon wafer. Conducted computer modeling of MESFET with p-channel: distributions of potential, volumetric charge, current in channel and its characteristics. Based on conducted modeling discovered new effect in MESFET, shielding of volumetric charge, which sufficiently influences on current distribution in channel.
Para una economía política del conocimiento desde el sur global: condiciones, método, conexiones
Authors: Vásquez Jorge Daniel
Published: July 2020

A partir de algunos aspectos en el pensamiento de Marx, se trabajan conceptos que han acompañado el análisis de la economía política, y se problematizan las condiciones y el método para una economía política del conocimiento. También se plantean las conexiones necesarias para un análisis desde el Sur Global. Así, este artículo se refiere a la devaluación de la fuerza de trabajo en los patrones de acumulación del capital y en las formas de desposesión en el siglo XXI, además de incorporar la crítica a las perspectivas eurocéntricas.
Pensar el acontecimiento. Una aproximación a la propuesta traumática de Slavoj Žižek
Authors: Sánchez Quintana Esteban Andrés
Published: July 2020

El presente texto tiene como propósito abordar la categoría conceptual acontecimiento, siguiendo la perspectiva de Slavoj Žižek, quien sostiene que éste es un suceso traumático, porque en él, se hace patente el poder de lo real que condiciona la existencia y la realidad del ser humano. Para desarrollar el planteamiento anterior, se propone la siguiente estructura: para empezar, se busca definir, redefinir y enmarcar la categoría conceptual, luego, se pretende reflexionar cómo sucede este fenómeno en relación con la psiquis, en donde lo real es mediado por lo simbólico y lo imaginario. Finalmente, se busca pensar con el filósofo esloveno, qué se entiende por la condición traumática del acontecimiento.
David Harvey y la locura de la razón compleja
Authors: Alfaro Vargas Roy
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza algunas ideas de David Harvey, en relación con el fundamento epistemológico de su propuesta. Se estudia además la relación entre la teoría de la complejidad, la noción de modelo y el marxismo, con el fin de comprender las contradicciones que derivan de esto, no solo para el marxismo sino para el estudio del capitalismo. En contraposición, se establece un retorno a la dialéctica y a su noción de Wissenschaft como medio para superar las tergiversaciones que la propuesta de Harvey hace del pensamiento de Marx.
Reseña del libro Decolonizing Dialectics, de George Ciccariello-Maher (2017). Durham y Londres: Duke University Press
Authors: García Quesada George
Published: July 2020

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¿Ukamau antes de Ukamau? Nuevos acercamientos a la historia del cine en la Bolivia de los años sesenta
Authors: WOOD DAVID M. J.
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza la labor de promoción, teorización, producción y exhibición del cine en Bolivia a principios de la década de 1960 por parte del grupo de cineastas que posteriormente establecerían el Grupo Ukamau hacia finales de ese decenio. En primer lugar, el artículo debate las implicaciones del uso del término «Ukamau» por los propios realizadores y por la comunidad crítica y académica, para historizar y periodizar un episodio clave de la historia del cine boliviano. A continuación, el texto propone una interpretación de las actividades fílmicas de Jorge Sanjinés y de sus colaboradores que demuestra los vínculos culturales, políticos y estéticos entre la cultura cinematográfica en Bolivia a inicios de los años sesenta y otros modos nacionales y transnacionales de concebir el cine. Por último, el artículo insta al desarrollo de nuevos enfoques descentrados del estudio de tales materiales que trasciendan una historia del cine centrada en películas canónicas o en la figura del autor.
Las mujeres del Grupo Ukamau: dentro y fuera de la pantalla
Authors: Seguí Isabel
Published: July 2020

El recorrido histórico del Grupo Ukamau supera los sesenta años. Los registros orales reconocen que en sus diferentes etapas hubo mujeres llevando a cabo tareas cruciales delante y detrás de la cámara. Sin embargo, esta participación ha sido eclipsada debido al uso mayoritario de enfoques «autoristas» y formalistas a la hora de analizar los filmes de Ukamau. Con el fin de recuperar y destacar la contribución de estas participantes, este artículo plantea el uso de una metodología feminista y centrada en los procesos de producción. Para ello, propone un cambio en el valor adscrito al trabajo creativo y no creativo en las prácticas del Tercer Cine boliviano y reivindica la necesidad de considerar las relaciones personales como parte fundamental de este modo de producción. Además, analiza la participación de las mujeres bolivianas de clases subalternas tanto como públicos activos como en la realización de las películas.
Zum Verhältnis der §§ 125, 126 GWB zur Durchsetzung kartellrechtlicher Schadensersatzansprüche
Authors: Jaeger Wolfgang
Published: July 2020

Der am 18. 4. 2016 in Kraft getretene § 125 GWB regelt für ein an öffentlichen Aufträgen interessiertes Unternehmen die Möglichkeit einer sog. Selbstreinigung nach einem schwerwiegenden Fehlverhalten anstatt des sonst zu erwartenden Ausschlusses vom Vergabeverfahren. § 125 GWB formuliert die Voraussetzungen für eine Selbstreinigung in so überzeugender, selbstverständlich erscheinender Art, dass man glauben könnte, keine nennenswerten Schwierigkeiten bei der Anwendung der Vorschrift zu haben. Hinter der Fassade des Vorschriftstextes verbergen sich aber gravierende Probleme, insbesondere dann, wenn die Vortat aus einem Kartellrechtsverstoß besteht. Der nachfolgende Aufsatz versucht, einen Beitrag zur Aufklärung zu leisten, ob und wie man die Probleme lösen und das Instrument der Selbstreinigung nebenher auch zur Durchsetzung von Kartellschadensersatzansprüchen wirken lassen kann.
El masón Simón Bolivar entre el mito y la verdad histórica
Authors: Benimeli José Antonio Ferrer
Published: July 2020

La figura de Simón Bolívar con relación a la masonería, así como del resto de los próceres de las independencias hispanoamericanas sigue controvertida a pesar de las investigaciones que se han venido sucediendo estos últimos años para aclarar la cuestión. Se trata pues de actualizar los conocimientos históricos –no masónicos ni antimasónicos- sobre esa relación a través de los últimos estudios.
De impresos y constituciones
Authors: Chanta Martínez René
Published: July 2020

El investigador René Antonio Chanta Martínez ha defendido una tesis doctoral, cuyo título es “De impresos y constituciones: la formación de un espacio público ante el debate sobre la laicidad del Estado salvadoreño (1944-1950)”, en la Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas en El Salvador, el 5 de noviembre de 2019, bajo la dirección del Dr. Ricardo Roque Baldovinos. René Antonio Chanta Martínez nació en 1981 en El Salvador.
Sociedad civil y masonería en la ciudad de Zacatecas (1959-1977)
Authors: Gutiérrez Rojas César Eduardo
Published: July 2020

El concepto sociedad civil fue calificado prodemocrático y encasillado a las ONG y a las OSC, condicionando su interpretación. Situación similar fue el vínculo conceptual con los grupos políticos disidentes del gobierno mexicano en las décadas de 1950 a 1970, consecuencia del contexto autoritario-corporativo y las restricciones político-partidistas, provocando el uso de máscaras civiles para realizar sus agendas. Ambas posturas nulificaron otras posibilidades de análisis, radicando en ello la importancia de nuestra investigación, pues se conformó un concepto a partir de debates ideológicos, identificando en la asociación masónica de la ciudad de Zacatecas una propuesta de sociedad civil a desarrollar.
Los primeros pasos de la masonería en Puerto Rico desde 1746-1867
Authors: Otero González Luis Antonio
Published: July 2020

El investigador Luis Antonio Otero González ha defendido una tesis doctoral, cuyo título es “Los primeros pasos de la masonería en Puerto Rico desde 1746-1867: Un análisis evidenciar sobre su procedencia, sus integrantes y desenlaces de sus acciones y consecuencias en el asentamiento de la masonería en Puerto Rico” en la Universidad de Interamericana de Puerto Rico Recinto Metropolitano en Puerto Rico, el 17 de mayo de 2019. Luis Antonio Otero González nació en 1953 en Puerto Rico.
Redes masónicas transatlánticas
Authors: Flores Závala Marco Antonio
Published: July 2020

En la ciudad de Zacatecas (centro-norte de México) se realizó en la universidad estatal, en octubre de 2019, el VI Simposio Internacional de Historia de la Masonería y los Movimientos Asociativos Latinoamericanos y Caribeños: Nuevos acercamientos y perspectivas, siglos XVIII-XXI. Los actos académicos reunieron investigadores, escritores, profesores y estudiantes de diferentes centros universitarios de Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, España, Estados Unidos, Francia, Italia, Venezuela, y el país anfitrión, México.
Creación del Programa de Educación Continua de la Universidad de Costa Rica, Sede de Occidente: Retos y Logros
Authors: Vargas Solís María Antonieta , Álvarez Fuentes Carolina
Published: July 2020

Este artículo es una sistematización de experiencias sobre el Programa de Educación Continua de la Sede de Occidente (PECSO) de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El objetivo es dar a conocer los retos y logros del primer año de trabajo. Para la metodología se utilizaron cinco tiempos: Punto de Partida, Preguntas Iniciales, Recuperación del Proceso Vivido, Reflexiones de Fondo y Puntos de Llegada. En las reflexiones de fondo se explicaron por qué pasaron los cambios en cuanto a la ubicación geográfica, población meta del proyecto, los objetivos del programa y asuntos de gestión administrativa. El mayor logro del PECSO fue ofertar más cursos de los establecidos en los objetivos y su mayor reto fue lidiar con la gestión administrativa que conlleva abrir un programa de este tipo.
"Centrum et peripheria": imagen y autorrepresentación del poder de la "domus Licinia Augusta" (253-268 d. C.) a través de su epigrafía en las provincias hispanas
Authors: Serrano-Ordozgoiti David
Published: July 2020

El siguiente artículo propone el estudio, a partir de los datos proporcionados por la epigrafía latina de las provincias hispanas, de una de las familias imperiales más importantes del período de la anarquía militar, como es el caso de la domus Licinia Augusta (253-268). Se examinarán, por tanto, las técnicas autorrepresentativas de los emperadores Valeriano, Galieno y sus familiares, Salonina, Valeriano el Joven y Salonino, mediante el análisis estadístico de su corpus epigráfico hispano. De esta manera, se estudiarán los tipos, la procedencia o los títulos imperiales más significativos, además de identificar dos fases cronológicas diferentes y subrayar la importancia de las comunidades en las dedicatorias imperiales de la época.
Changes in pattern of complications in acute myocardial infarction over a ten-year follow-up: gender specificities
Authors: Okrugin S. A. , Repin A. N.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To compare changes in pattern of complications in acute myocardial infarction (MI) among Tomsk population at the age of >20 years over a ten-year follow-up period (2008-2017).

Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the World Health Organization Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry. In 2008, 800 MI cases were recorded (62,4% — men; 37,6% — women (p<0,001)). In 2017, acute MI was restarted in 906 patients (58,1% — men; 41,9% — women (p<0,05)). According to age pattern in 2008, there were 62,1% of patients >60 years of age (among men — 49,1%; among women — 83,7% (p<0,0001)), which after 10 years were 74,5 % (p<0,001).

Results. In 2008, a complicated course of MI was observed in 49,9% of patients, in 2017, much more often — in 80,4% of patients (p<0,001). Over the analyzed period, incidence of acute aneurysm, myocardial rupture, and recurrent MI decreased. At the same time, the number of patients with post-MI heart failure (HF) significantly increased. In 2008, there were no significant differences in the incidence of MI complications in men and women. The most common complication in both men and women was arrhythmias and conduction disorders. After 10 years, the statistics remained virtually unchanged, with the exception of pulmonary embolism, which was significantly more common in women. Noteworthy is a significant increase in the number of HF patients (among men and women).

Conclusion. Over a ten-year follow-up period, significant changes in patterns of MI complications in Tomsk were not revealed. It should be noted that MI became more severe and was more often accompanied by complications, the most common of which was HF. This is due to an increase in the age pattern of elderly and senile patients.
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in patient with dilated cardiomyopathy and concomitant cardiac conduction defects: a case report and discussion
Authors: Utsumueva M. D. , Mironov N. Yu. , Shlevkov N. B. , Kiktev V. G. , Gupalo E. M. , Kashtanova S. Yu. , Mironova N. A. , Golitsyn S. P.
Published: July 2020

Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often have intraventricular conduction disorders, which contribute to aggravation of heart failure, are progressive in most cases and can specify the prognosis of the disease. Paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmias in such patients proceed with severe clinical manifestations, often accompanied by hemodynamic instability and syncope. A case report of patient (59 years old) with DCM, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (35-37%), left bundle branch block, and paroxysmal orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia is presented. When an electrode was inserted on the right ventricular (RV) apex during the radiofrequency ablation, a third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block was recorded. This was maintained during the operation and was recurrent when trying to remove the electrode from the RV apex, and therefore there was a need for temporary and then permanent cardiac pacing therapy. Given DCM, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, left bundle branch block, and the expected high percentage of RV pacing, a decision was made to implant a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator. The literature review considers risk factors for formation of third-degree AV block during cardiac catheterization, methods of its prevention, as well as discusses the prognostic significance of catheter-induced conduction disorders, and indications for temporary and permanent cardiac pacing therapy.
Analysis of the relationship between systemic inflammation and diastolic dysfunction in patients with heart failure and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ankudinov A. S. , Kalyagin A. N.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To study the relationship of the systemic inflammation with the morphological and functional myocardial parameters in patients with heart failure (HF) due to hypertension and coronary artery disease in combination with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Material and methods. The study included 57 women with NYHA class I-II HF. Patients were divided into two comparable groups: group 1 (n=31) — patients with HF and seropositive RA (Steinbrocker X-ray stage I-III); group 2 (n=26) — HF patients without RA.

Results. A comparative analysis of morphological and functional parameters did not reveal significant differences: left ventricular ejection fraction in groups 1 and 2 were 51,06±5,6% and 51,6±6,4%, respectively (p=0,7); the ratio of peak velocity blood flow in early diastole to peak velocity flow in late diastole (E/A) was 0,9±0,1 and 0,8±0,1, respectively (p=0,7). For other echocardiographic parameters, differences were also not detected (p>0,05). Nevertheless, significant regression model was created between the RA activity score (DAS28), rheumatoid factor, and E/A was created: R=0,5; R2 =0,3; F=2,6; p=0,04.

Conclusion. As a result of the study, significant direct moderate correlation of the RA activity score (DAS28) with E/A ratio was revealed in the group of patients with HF and RA. The data obtained may indicate an unfavorable prognosis of HF with an increase in RA activity.
Clinical and pathogenetic characteristics and management of patients with atrial fibrillation in a cardiology department at the present time
Authors: Kurashin V. K. , Borovkova N. Yu. , Borovkov N. N. , Kurashina V. A. , Bakka T. E.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) hospitalized in cardiology department of the regional clinical hospital, and to clarify the related management strategy.

Material and methods. A total of 1164 patients were hospitalized in cardiology department of N.A. Semashko Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital in 2017, of which 331 (28,4%) had AF. These patients were included in the study. We analyzed history data of all patients, standard diagnostic tests were carried out. The CHA2DS2-VASc score was used to determine the risk of thromboembolic events, and the HASBLED score — to determine the bleeding risk.

Results. The average age of patients was 63,2±10,0 years. In all patients, AF was diagnosed before admission to the hospital. All patients were hospitalized according to hospital waiting lists due to underlying diseases. The most common diseases were coronary artery disease, mainly in combination with hypertension, inflammatory and dystrophic myocardial disorders. Twenty-four patients were hospitalized due to heart failure progression. Nonvalvular AF prevailed among patients. Most patients had a permanent AF (58,3%), the second place took pa - roxysmal AF (36,8%). Much less frequently (4,9%), a persistent AF was observed. Stratification of risk factors for stroke, systemic thromboembolism, as well as for bleeding when indicated for anticoagulant therapy was carried out. Based on the results, oral anticoagulants were indicated for 260 (78,8%) of participants, while only 38,8% received them before hospitalization.

Conclusion. Among patients hospitalized in the cardiology department, 28,4% had AF. The most common was nonvalvular AF, associated mainly with coronary artery disease, essential hypertension and their combination. Anticoagulant therapy was indicated for 78,8% of patients, while only 38,8% received it before. This requires further optimization of management of AF patients.
The level of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide depending on vascular wall condition and bone mass in postmenopausal women
Authors: Skripnikova I. A. , Alikhanova N. A. , Yaralieva E. K. , Myagkova M. A. , Novikov V. E. , Vygodin V. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess the relationship of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels with vascular wall condition and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.

Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 107 outpatients aged 45-82 years who signed informed consent. The inclusion criterion was a menopause during ≥1 year. The level of serum NT-proBNP was determined by electrochemiluminescence. BMD was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Intima-media thickness (IMT), the presence and number of atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated using carotid duplex scanning. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index were estimated by applanation tonometry. To assess 10-year cardiovascular risk, the SCORE high-risk charts were used. Using the Russian model of FRAX® score, 10-year fracture risk was assessed.

Results. NT-proBNP level in women with postmenopause >10 years was significantly higher than in those with postmenopause <5 years — 98,7 vs 56,3 pg/ml (p<0,001), but there was no independent relationship according to the regression analysis. According to multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, menopause duration, systolic blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, elevated C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels, there were independent relationship between the following parameters: NT-proBNP and IMT (β=2,38, p<0,03), NT-proBNP and PWV (β=1,76, p<0,001). NT-proBNP level in patients with osteoporosis was significantly higher than in women with normal bone mass (p<0,01). A negative correlation was observed between NT-proBNP and BMD of the proximal femur (r=-0,26, p<0,05), while the relationship between BMD of the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4) and NT-proBNP did not reach significance. In multivariate regression analysis, this relationship has not been confirmed. A positive correlation was obtained between cardiovascular risk (SCORE) and NT-proBNP levels (r=0,28, p<0,001). NT-proBNP levels did not differ in women with a high and low 10-year risk of both major osteoporotic fractures and femoral fractures.

Conclusion. An independent relationship of NT-proBNP with vascular stiffness and preclinical atherosclerosis was demonstrated: IMT and PWV. This indicates the participation of NT-proBNP in the atherosclerosis development. The association of elevated NT-proBNP levels with osteoporosis is significant, but not independent, and is apparently related to other factors.
Debatable points of using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Vasilyeva L. E.
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious threat to global health. The infection mechanism is the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and internalization of the complex by the host cell. ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARA) are known to increase ACE2 expression and are recommended for the treatment of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Thus, it has been suggested that treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers (RAAS) increases the viral load and the risk of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, ACE2 also converts angiotensin II into substances with cardioprotective effects. In addition, there is no evidence that RAAS inhibitors increase the severity of COVID-19 infection, while the risks of withdrawal of ACE inhibitors/ARA in patients with CVD are proven. There is also no evidence to support the idea that the administration of ACE inhibitors/ARA promotes the coronavirus’s penetration by increasing the ACE2 expression. According to the guidelines of the Russian Society of Cardiology and the consensus statements of international cardiology societies, it is necessary to continue taking RAAS inhibitors in high-risk patients with COVID-19. This review provides an analysis of foreign articles revealing the pathophysiological pathways and recommendations for using ACE inhibitors/ARA in patients with CVD and COVID-19 infection.
Formation and development Features of independent work skills at the initial stages of higher professional education
Authors: Sokolova Julia , Chalova Olga
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the pedagogical problem of developing students' independence in learning, taking into account the latest socio-cultural changes in society in relation to education and professional activity. The authors describe the features of modern trends in education and the acquisition of new professional competencies already in the course of work, which make us look at the problem of developing independence in students in a new way. The idea is put forward that it is a developed skill for independent studies that allows you to achieve success in learning and subsequently plays a crucial role in the development of personality, as well as provides a modern person with professional mobility.
The student's ability to self-study is presented in the work as an organic unity of certain qualities, the development of which should be given special attention. The most favorable period for the formation and development of these qualities in higher education, according to the authors, is the initial stage of University education.
The article analyzes the main obstacles and difficulties in developing students' independence skills at different stages of training. Based on this analysis, the ways and methods of removing obstacles in the period of training in Junior courses are proposed. The authors believe that active teaching methods are the most effective for solving the stated pedagogical problem. They allow you to intensify the educational process, increase the interest and creative activity of the student, which provides him with the role of a leading subject of the educational process. Special emphasis is placed on the role of social and humanitarian disciplines, the beginning of the student's scientific activity, the first experiences of speaking at conferences and publishing scientific papers, the importance of a large amount of contact hours in Junior courses. The empirical basis of the research is the current situation in engineering universities in Russia.
THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY IN LEARNING AND TEACHING ENGLISH: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO THE EXISTING CURRICULUM AND EVALUATION SCHEME INTHE POLYTECHNICS IN ASSAM
Authors: Mahanta Babori
Published: July 2020

The status of English as a universal language is being reinforced gradually with the dawn of modern communication systems. Technical education, one of the most significant elements of the human resource advancement, stresses the building of communicative competence in the current globalized
settings. The latest drift in engineering studies can be evaluated to a great extent on the basis of the learners’ good command in English as most of the latest science and engineering theories are written in English. Moreover, in the Indian context, success in recruitments is mainly
based on the demonstration of communication skills along with subject knowledge. Progresses in technology have made it easier for teachers and learners of English to access a wide range of resources as language learning materials. Communication technologies have occupied a central role amongst
the range of technologies which are used for language teaching. In this regard, mobile technology has played a major role and widespread uses of devices such as smart phone, laptops and tablets turn out to be very attractive tools for language learning. This paper uses analytical methodology
to research on the use of Information and Communication Technologies in learning and teaching English in the polytechnics in Assam in accordance to the existing curriculum and evaluation scheme.The paper also highlights the difficulties faced by teachers and learners in the process and makes
an attempt to provide certain recommendations to meet those challenges.
TESTING AND EVALUATION: AN EFFECTIVE PROCESS OF LEARNING LANGUAGE
Authors: Das Eshita
Published: July 2020

The procedure of testing and evaluation is an indispensable whack of our educational system. The aim of this paper is to display how this process is used to learn and to teach a language. Not only that, this paper also projects the mode of testing and evaluation in Indian context. It
makes an expurgated contrast between the testing and the evaluation. Evaluators and teachers are not tantamount, specialisation in profession, student’s intuition and admissibility of this process that is also comprised. The qualities of a good and prosperous test and the techniques
of testing and the typologies of the test are necessitating by the teaching learning ecology to enhance their inclined and consolatory debenture.
CORPORATE COMMUNICATION: EXPLORING THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION AND ITS RELEVANCE IN THE CROSS CULTURAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ACROSS THE GLOBE
Authors: Datta Sohini
Published: July 2020

There has been, over the last few years, a lot of cross-cultural communication that multinational companies have to deal with. ‘Culture is communication and communication is culture’, opines Edward Hall, renowned anthropologist. This definition of culture clearly establishes
the strong influence of culture on communication. The culture and values that shape the lives of individuals are essentially different in different countries and communities. Though there may be some generalization that may be applicable across a lot of cultures, the finer difference in values
always exists. Culture governs our thought process and perception. Our dressing sense, cuisine, body language and our mannerisms are all shaped by culture.Before the invasion from the West and much before the multinationals spread their tentacles all over India, cross-cultural communication
was restricted to a few top-level managers and senior officials who used their experience and exposure to handle culture-related communication barriers. However, a young executive employed in an MNC or a fresh graduate working in a BPO has to communicate with people across the globe on a daily
basis, chiefly through telephone conversations and e-mailing. Most of them have no first-hand knowledge or information about the cultural background of their clients, thereby resulting in lack of preparedness to deal with them effectively. It often leads to misunderstanding. At times, the
other person may not even be aware that he has offended the sensibilities of his client. What may be perfectly acceptable and natural in one culture may appear strange to a person belonging to another culture. If employees therefore are trained about the culture, behaviour and values of the
people with whom they are likely to communicate, it will foster healthy and respectful relations, and difficulties arising out of cultural differences can be minimized.The present paper will try to investigate the shared values and behavioural patterns that are expected from people of
diverse cultures to be termed as corporate culture. Most of the times, it becomes difficult to identify the variations in culture and ethnicity because of overlap between groups. These differences due to language or dialect create barriers that affect communication. The value system and beliefs
of individuals also influence understanding, accepting or rejecting a message.
“THINK(ING) OUTSIDE THE BOX”: RECONSTITUTING THE PEDAGOGIC PERSPECTIVES OF M-LEARNING TO FOSTER CULTURAL AND COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Authors: Roy Debanjali
Published: July 2020

M-Learning or Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL), a successor to Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) is one of the most recent trends in Collaborative Language Learning where language facilitators are harnessing the technological mobility and user-friendliness of technical
gadgets to restructure the curriculum, approach and objective of language learning. Developed by the Stanford University learning lab in a Spanish learning program in 2001, there has been a consistent interest regarding the scope of MALL in language classrooms as language teachers, curriculum
developers and technical experts have been exploring its potential in effective situated learning and fostering “intercultural communicative competence” among learners (Byram, 1997). With innovations in internet enabled mobile phones and its mass availability, MALL is being seen
as the future of language learning where mobile phones, presently a platform for delivering contents will participate in retention, utilization and honing linguistic talents of the learners.A step ahead of CALL, MALL foregrounds a smart, mobile, ubiquitous approach and calls for effective
content designing and appropriate teacher-training to ensure maximum student competency. Easily downloadable educational apps, free e-books, e-libraries and academic podcasting form an integral part of MALL- but the real problem that has been identified is the lack of appropriate course design
and effective teaching methodology to channelize the vast resource that an internet enabled mobile phone gives access to. In a Beginner’s Guide to Mobile Learning in ELT, Amy Lightfoot explores opportunities for learning English by using mobile phones both inside and outside the
classroom- targeting both productive and retentive capacities of a language learner. My article seeks to explore ways how the language classrooms can be redesigned at intermediate and advanced levels with a change in the teaching content, instructional methodology and evaluation techniques.
The target is to sculpt the content, methodology and evaluation techniques (taking into account the unavoidable technical and pedagogical challenges) to utilize the smartness of new-generation mobile phones in the scheme of developing linguistic and communicative competence among learners
and espouse a sense of cultural awareness, thereby establishing a “sphere of interculturality” (Kramsch, 1993).
OCULAR-ELUCIDATION
Authors: Ghosh Soubir , Ghosh Debanjan , Biswas Soham , Prodhan Souvik
Published: July 2020

Photographic-visual communication research is methods both written and verbal has long dominated the communication research; a new range of non-textual strategies is gradually emerging as an alternative and highly versatile way of knowing. Digital cameras, cameraphones, photo-blogs
and other multipurpose devices seem to promote the use of images a preferred idiom of a new generation of users. Since the camera is a highly effective communicative tool, photographic communication should be encouraged to communities their understanding and how to make better society through
visual images. This research highlights whether it takes photography and its ability to change the visual conception, in which people view the world. The visual communication of photography research is based on contemporary and historical artists, organizations that have used photography to
express social Humanities communication. The aim of this researches his to promote photography to administrators, supporters, local communities, and the students.
PROMOTING PEACE EDUCATION THROUGH LOTUS MODEL IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS
Authors: Natarajan Hema
Published: July 2020

Effect of massive industrial and technological interventions of humankind has impacted the planet to a greater extent. Competition for control of resources increases conflict amidst countries and various other human units. These conflicts result in making world unsustainable for future
generations. Multilateral agencies such as UN insist upon promoting awareness on issues and problems entailing humankind. ‘Peace Education’ is envisaged as a tool for promoting inclusive thoughts among young learners to minimize the adverse effects. An English Language classroom
is real opportunity for integrating real world issues into the educational aims aimed at promoting sustainability. Key roles of ‘creativity’ and ‘critical thinking’ in English Language classroom provides for flexible accommodation of innovative methods to achieve language
learning outcomes with the specific subject mater. This paper demonstrates the possibility of integrating learning and subject outcomes through a circular LOTUS model for enhancing learning prospects on peace and sustainable education.
TEACHING ENGLISH TO A FRIEND WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Mazumder Protyasha , Mazumder Sukanya
Published: July 2020

My friend, Mahek Panesar, suffers from Cerebral Palsy. While her movement of the right limbs is restrained, her intellectual capabilities are on a borderline. To help Mahek get through her ICSE examination, certain techniques were used so that she passed her compulsory
English. The use of techniques like using visual aids, modifying speech to help comprehension, being patient with her and not expecting immediate prompt answers, paying more attention to key terms etc. helped Mahek to get more than just pass marks in the ICSE Examination, not
only in English, but also in other subjects.
PHOTOGRAPHY AND COMMUNICATION: A STUDY OF INTERRELATIONSHIP
Authors: Ghosh Debashish , Maji Aruni , Palai Debapriya , Chakravorty Niloy
Published: July 2020

Photography has arguably become one of the most potent instruments of communication for a contemporary artist. Its versatility, suggested truthfulness and the way in which artists distort or interpret “reality” has been a part of photography since the advent of the daguerreotype
in 1839. Taking photographs today are no longer primarily an act of memory intended to safeguard a family’s pictorial heritage, but is increasingly becoming a tool for an individual’s identity formation and communication. Digital cameras, camera-phones, photo-blogs and other multipurpose
devices are used to promote the use of images as the preferred idiom of a new generation of users. The aim of this article is to explore how photography has developed through time in itself and at the same time went on reshaping ideas of communication. Photography has touched and influenced
almost all the major aspects of communication; the conclusion calls for a broader consideration of the links between the history of photography and media.