bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate warming and vegetation response at the end of Heinrich event 1 (16 700–16 000 cal yr BP) in Europe south of the Alps
Authors: Samartin S. , Heiri O. , Lotter A. F. , Tinner W.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. Chironomids preserved in a sediment core from Lago di Origlio (416 m a.s.l.), a lake in the foreland of the Southern Swiss Alps, allowed quantitative reconstruction of Late Glacial and early Holocene temperatures using a combined Swiss-Norwegian temperature inference model based on chironomid assemblages from 274 lakes. We reconstruct July air temperatures of ca. 10 °C between 17 300 and 16 000 cal yr BP, a rather abrupt warming to ca. 12.0 °C at ca. 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP, and a strong temperature increase at the transition to the Bølling/Allerød Interstadial with average temperatures of about 14 °C. During the Younger Dryas and earliest Holocene very similar temperatures are reconstructed as for the interstadial. The rather abrupt warming at 16 500–16 000 cal yr BP is consistent with sea-surface temperature as well as speleotherm records, which indicate a marked Pre-Bølling warming after the end of Heinrich event 1 in southern Europe and the Mediterranean Sea. The pollen record of Origlio and other sites from southern Switzerland and northern Italy indicate an early reforestation of the lowlands prior to the large-scale afforestation at the onset of the Bølling period at 14 700 cal yr BP in Central Europe. Our results suggest that these afforestation processes in the formerly glaciated areas of southern Switzerland and Northern Italy have been promoted by increasing temperatures.
Assessing water footprint at river basin level: a case study for the Heihe River Basin in northwest China
Authors: Zeng Z. , Liu J. , Koeneman P. H. , Zarate E. , Hoekstra A. Y.
Published: May 2012

Abstract. Increasing water scarcity places considerable importance on the quantification of water footprint (WF) at different levels. Despite progress made previously, there are still very few WF studies focusing on specific river basins, especially for those in arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of this study is to quantify WF within the Heihe River Basin (HRB), a basin located in the arid and semi-arid northwest of China. The findings show that the WF was 1768 million m3 yr−1 in the HRB over 2004–2006. Agricultural production was the largest water consumer, accounting for 96% of the WF (92% for crop production and 4% for livestock production). The remaining 4% was for the industrial and domestic sectors. The "blue" component of WF was 811 million m3 yr−1. This indicates a blue water proportion of 46%, which is much higher than the world average and China's average, which is mainly due to the aridness of the HRB and a high dependence on irrigation for crop production. However, even in such a river basin, blue WF was still smaller than green WF, indicating the importance of green water. We find that blue WF exceeded blue water availability during eight months per year and also on an annual basis. This indicates that WF of human activities was achieved at a cost of violating environmental flows of natural freshwater ecosystems, and such a WF pattern is not sustainable. Considering the large WF of crop production, optimizing the crop planting pattern is often a key to achieving more sustainable water use in arid and semi-arid regions.
Effect of Motivation and Trust on Knowledge Sharing and Effect of Knowledge Sharing on Employee’s Performance
Authors: Javadi Mohammad Hossein Moshref , Zadeh Nasim Darvish , Zandi Moeide , Yavarian Javad
Published: May 2012

Knowledge sharing is a process in which individuals exchange their knowledge (implicit and explicit) and they create new knowledge together. Knowledge is an Unlimited; unfailing and valuable source for organizations that cause to survive in competitive environment and can be used to achieve competitive advantage. We can say that survival power of today’s Organizations is depending on their use of knowledge. Knowledge can be available to individuals and organizations, therefore, there must exit conditions in the organization that people be able to share their knowledge with other individuals. In such situation, organizations can improve employees performance and also organizations performance. Given that the gas company performs and provides services to the citizens, achieving such goals requires employees to have certain knowledge and sharing that with other employees. So the objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting on knowledge sharing (motivation and confidence) and its impact on employees performance in the Gas Company of Kurdistan Province. This study provides a model that includes variables such as motivation, confidence, knowledge sharing and performance in which the first two variables have been studied as the factors affecting on knowledge sharing. Statistical population of this study includes all of the executive employees in the Gas Company of Kurdistan province and statistical sampling included 124 people which were selected randomly. For collection of data a questionnaire was used. The standard questionnaire was used to design questions related to motivation, trust and knowledge sharing and to assess the employee’s performance. The results showed that the factors of motivation and confidence are considered as factors affecting on knowledge sharing behavior and they enhance knowledge sharing, therefor they should be taken into consideration. In addition, the overall indices of model showed that the presented pattern is a good theoretical model for determining the effect of knowledge sharing on employees performance in which the data supported the model.  Generally the effect of above factors on knowledge sharing behavior and the effect of knowledge sharing on employees' performance in Gas Company was confirmed. Keywords: Knowledge Sharing, Motivation, Trust, Employees' Performance
Qualification of Staff, Organization of Services, and Management of Pregnant Women in Rural Settings: The Case of Diema and Kayes Districts (Mali)
Authors: Dogba Maman , Fournier Pierre , Berthe-Cisse Safoura
Published: May 2012

In Mali, a poor sub-Saharan country, maternity referral systems were implemented to combat the still-high rates of maternal mortality. This qualitative study was aimed at understanding the relationships between the qualification of staff in community health centres, the organization of services, and the management of pregnant women in the maternity referral system in Kayes, a rural region of Mali. Physicians who managed CHCs actively or passively modified work organization, the level of technology, their obstetric skills, and staffing. They also created a competitive environment and developed relationships of trust with patients and with the district health centre. These findings are helpful in orienting decision-making for better personnel management.
Association of vitamin D with cardiometabolic risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Haque Uzma J. , Bathon Joan M. , Giles Jon T.
Published: May 2012

Objective

Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for CVD and metabolic syndrome. Since patients with RA have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, we investigated the association of vitamin D levels with cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of RA patients with no prior history of CVD.

Methods

Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured among RA patients enrolled in a cohort study of subclinical CVD. The cross‐sectional associations of 25(OH)D levels with traditional CVD risk factors such as insulin resistance (IR; estimated using the homeostatic model assessment [HOMA]), adipokines, markers of systemic inflammation, and endothelial activation were explored, adjusting for pertinent sociodemographic, lifestyle, and RA characteristics.

Results

Among 179 RA patients, 73 (41%) had a 25(OH)D level <30 ng/ml. Only 23 patients (13%) had a 25(OH)D level ≥45 ng/ml. After adjusting for demographics and body mass index (BMI), 25(OH)D remained significantly associated with high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and inversely associated with HOMA‐IR, fibrinogen, E‐selectin, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1). Significant associations with HDL cholesterol, E‐selectin, and sICAM‐1 were maintained after adjusting for the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) and autoantibody status. These associations were similar between the groups subdivided by sex, ethnicity, BMI, DAS28 level, and autoantibody status.

Conclusion

These data suggest that vitamin D deficiency is common in RA and may be independently associated with several cardiometabolic intermediates in this population.
Muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the hypermobility type of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome
Authors: Rombaut Lies , Malfait Fransiska , De Wandele Inge , Taes Youri , Thijs Youri , De Paepe Anne , Calders Patrick
Published: May 2012

Objective

To investigate lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (EDS‐HT).

Methods

Forty‐three women with EDS‐HT and 43 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy control subjects participated. Muscle mass was determined by dual x‐ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength and muscle strength endurance were measured with isokinetic dynamometry at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 240°/second. Static muscle endurance during posture maintenance was also assessed. Pain and fatigue were simultaneously evaluated by visual analog scale and the Borg scale, respectively. In addition, the chair rise test for assessment of functional performance and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) for physical impairment evaluation were used.

Results

Compared to control subjects, EDS‐HT patients showed substantial lower extremity muscle weakness, reflected by significantly reduced knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and endurance parameters, with differences ranging from −30% to −49%; reduced static muscle endurance time; and diminished functional performance. Lower extremity muscle mass was similar in both groups and unlikely to affect the muscle strength results. By contrast, pain and fatigue were omnipresent and increased remarkably due to the tests. Furthermore, the EDS‐HT group was physically impaired, especially in the AIMS domain walking and bending.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates severely reduced quantitative muscle function and impairment in physical function in patients with EDS‐HT compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The muscle weakness may be due to muscle dysfunction rather than reduced muscle mass. Whether muscle strength and endurance can be improved by appropriate exercise programs needs evaluation in further studies.
Understanding the Nano‐topography Changes and Cellular Influences Resulting from the Surface Adsorption of Human Hair Keratins
Authors: Taraballi Francesca , Wang Shuai , Li Jian , Lee Fiona Yann Yann , Venkatraman Subbu S. , Birch William R. , Teoh Swee Hin , Boey Freddy Yin Chiang , Ng Kee Woei
Published: May 2012

Recent interest in the use of human hair keratins as a biomaterial has grown, fuelled by improvements in keratin extraction methods and better understanding of keratin bioactivity. The use of keratins as a bioactive coating for in vitro cell culture studies is an attractive proposition. In this light, the surface adsorption of human hair keratins onto tissue culture polystyrene surfaces has been investigated. Keratin density, nano‐topography and hydrophobicity of keratin coated surfaces were characterized. To understand the cellular influence of these coated surfaces, murine L929 fibroblasts were cultured on them and evaluated for cytotoxicity, proliferation, metabolic activity and detachment behaviors compared to collagen type 1 coated surfaces. Keratins were deposited up to a density of 650 ng/cm2 when a coating concentration of 80 μg/ml or higher was used. The surface features formed by adsorbed keratins also changed in a coating concentration dependent manner. These surfaces improved L929 mouse fibroblast adhesion and proliferation in comparison to uncoated and collagen type 1 coated tissue culture polystyrene. Furthermore, the expression of fibronectin was accelerated on surfaces coated with solutions of higher keratin concentrations. These results suggest that human hair keratins can be used as a viable surface coating material to enhance substrate compliance for culturing cells.
A Highly Efficient Tandem Reaction of 2‐(gem‐Dibromovinyl)phenols(thiophenols) with Organosilanes to 2‐Arylbenzofurans (thiophenes)
Authors: Liu Jie , Chen Wei , Ji Yong , Wang Lei
Published: May 2012

2‐Arylbenzofurans(thiophenes) were prepared through an efficient tandem elimination–intramolecular addition–Hiyama cross‐coupling reaction. In the presence of tetra‐(n‐butyl)ammonium fluoride (TBAF), palladium(II) acetate [Pd(OAc)2] and triphenylphosphine (PPh3), the reaction of 2‐(gem‐dibromovinyl)phenols(thiophenols) with phenyl(trialkoxy)silanes proceeded smoothly and generated the corresponding products with good yields in one‐pot. It should be noted that TBAF plays an important role in the tandem reaction.
Enantiomere Naturstoffe: Vorkommen und Biogenese
Authors: Finefield Jennifer M. , Sherman David H. , Kreitman Martin , Williams Robert M.
Published: May 2012

In der Natur werden chirale Substanzen meist in enantiomerenreiner Form synthetisiert – manchmal entstehen aber auch beide Enantiomere. Solche enantiomeren Naturstoffe können von einer Art oder von verschiedenen Gattungen und/oder Arten gebildet werden. Intensive Forschungen wurden über viele Jahre durchgeführt, um die Biogenese natürlich vorkommender Enantiomere zu verstehen, doch viele faszinierende Rätsel und stereochemische Anomalien sind nach wie vor ungelöst.
Effect of high‐temperature degumming on the constituents and structure of cotton stalk bark fibers
Authors: Zhou Lan , Shao Jian‐Zhong , Feng Xin‐Xing , Chen Jian‐Yong
Published: May 2012

The high‐temperature degumming technology of cotton stalk bark fiber was studied, and the effects of the caustic soda concentration on the constituents, structure, and thermal degradation of the cotton stalk bark fiber were examined. The morphology, structure, and thermal degradation of the cotton stalk bark fiber after high‐temperature degumming were investigated through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicate that the high‐temperature degumming process was effective for removing hemicelluloses and lignin and could improve the thermal stability of the cellulose. The raw and degummed cotton stalk bark fibers both showed the structure of cellulose I, according to the FTIR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction results. It was interesting to note that the crystallinity and crystallinity index were related to the caustic soda concentration. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Intumescent flame‐retarded building parts manufactured from polyolefines as well as from composites of polyolefines and bismaleinimides
Authors: Horacek Heinrich
Published: May 2012

Commercial intumescent flame retardants and intumescent compounds were tested as flame retardants for polypropylene. Their routes of decomposition were followed up by thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry as well as thermal mechanic analysis and described by chemical formula, balances of weight, and heats of formation. These investigations showed that the combination of ammonium polyphosphate, polyols, and melamine exerted intumescence at 400°C and melamine was no blowing agent but reacted to melamine polyphosphate. Further they made clear that bisethylenediamine phosphate exerted intumescence at 350°C and degraded to piperazine phosphate. Intumescent flame‐retarded building parts exemplified the advantage of intumescent flame retardance by the time delay until they still fulfilled their function. F15 classification was achieved for thick walled intumescent polypropylene pipes and thin walled electrical boxes consisting of a flame‐retarded glass reinforced bismaleinimide core and an intumescent polyolefine shell in furnace fire tests. The difference in temperatures inside and outside of the building parts was calculated and compared with measurements in fire tests. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
β‐Turn Analogues in Model αβ‐Hybrid Peptides: Structural Characterization of Peptides Containing β2,2Ac6c and β3,3Ac6c Residues
Authors: Basuroy Krishnayan , Rajagopal Appavu , Raghothama Srinivasarao , Shamala Narayanaswamy , Balaram Padmanabhan
Published: May 2012

The effect of gem‐dialkyl substituents on the backbone conformations of β‐amino acid residues in peptides has been investigated by using four model peptides: Boc‐Xxx‐β2,2Ac6c(1‐aminomethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid)‐NHMe (Xxx=Leu (1), Phe (2); Boc=tert‐butyloxycarbonyl) and Boc‐Xxx‐β3,3Ac6c(1‐aminocyclohexaneacetic acid)‐NHMe (Xxx=Leu (3), Phe (4)). Tetrasubstituted carbon atoms restrict the ranges of stereochemically allowed conformations about flanking single bonds. The crystal structure of Boc‐Leu‐β2,2Ac6c‐NHMe (1) established a C11 hydrogen‐bonded turn in the αβ‐hybrid sequence. The observed torsion angles (α(ϕ≈−60°, ψ≈−30°), β(ϕ≈−90°, θ≈60°, ψ≈−90°)) corresponded to a C11 helical turn, which was a backbone‐expanded analogue of the type III β turn in αα sequences. The crystal structure of the peptide Boc‐Phe‐β3,3Ac6c‐NHMe (4) established a C11 hydrogen‐bonded turn with distinctly different backbone torsion angles (α(ϕ≈−60°, ψ≈120°), β(ϕ≈60°, θ≈60°, ψ≈−60°)), which corresponded to a backbone‐expanded analogue of the type II β turn observed in αα sequences. In peptide 4, the two molecules in the asymmetric unit adopted backbone torsion angles of opposite signs. In one of the molecules, the Phe residue adopted an unfavorable backbone conformation, with the energetic penalty being offset by a favorable aromatic interaction between proximal molecules in the crystal. NMR spectroscopy studies provided evidence for the maintenance of folded structures in solution in these αβ‐hybrid sequences.
Cooperation through the Decades
Authors: Erker Gerhard , Iwasawa Yasuhiro , Okuda Jun , Tatsumi Kazuyuki
Published: May 2012

No Abstract
Pancolonic motor response to subsensory and suprasensory sacral nerve stimulation in patients with slow-transit constipation
Authors: Dinning P G , Hunt L M , Arkwright J W , Patton V , Szczesniak M M , Wiklendt L , Davidson J B , Lubowski D Z , Cook I J
Published: May 2012

Background

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is emerging as a potential treatment for patients with constipation. Although SNS can elicit an increase in colonic propagating sequences (PSs), the optimal stimulus parameters for this response remain unknown. This study evaluated the colonic motor response to subsensory and suprasensory SNS in patients with slow-transit constipation.

Methods

Patients with confirmed slow-transit constipation were studied. Either a water-perfused manometry catheter or a high-resolution fibre-optic manometry catheter was positioned colonoscopically to the caecum. A temporary electrode was implanted transcutaneously in the S3 sacral nerve foramen. In the fasted state, three conditions were evaluated in a double-blind randomized fashion: sham, subsensory and suprasensory stimulation. Each 2-h treatment period was preceded by a 2-h basal period. The delta (Δ) value was calculated as the frequency of the event during stimulation minus that during the basal period.

Results

Nine patients had readings taken with a water-perfused catheter and six with a fibre-optic catheter. Compared with sham stimulation, suprasensory stimulation caused a significant increase in the frequency of PSs (mean(s.d.) Δ value − 1·1(7·2) versus 6·1(4·0) PSs per 2 h; P = 0·004). No motor response was recorded in response to subsensory stimulation compared with sham stimulation. Compared with subsensory stimulation, stimulation at suprasensory levels caused a significant increase in the frequency of PSs (P = 0·006).

Conclusion

In patients with slow-transit constipation, suprasensory SNS increased the frequency of colonic PSs, whereas subsensory SNS stimulation did not. This has implications for the design of therapeutic trials and the clinical application of the device.
Modeling of Ethane Thermal Cracking Kinetics in a Pyrocracker
Authors: Ranjan P. , Kannan P. , Al Shoaibi A. , Srinivasakannan C.
Published: May 2012

The kinetics of ethane thermal cracking in industrial pyrocrackers was investigated using Aspen Plus. The radiant coils were modeled as a 1D plug‐flow reactor in which ethane is subjected to steam cracking. An improved reaction scheme for ethane cracking was proposed to predict product distribution which was compared with industrial data to validate the model. Further, the model was used to assess the effects of various process parameters, including coil outlet temperature, residence time, and steam‐to‐ethane ratio, on yield and composition of the cracked gas.
COPROX Fixed Bed Reactor – Temperature Control Schemes
Authors: Giunta P. , Moreno M. , Mariño F. , Amadeo N. , Lobarde M.
Published: May 2012

Different temperature control schemes for the COPROX stage of a 5‐kW fuel cell system were analyzed. It was found that, among the schemes proposed, i.e., co‐ and countercurrent heat exchange, single adiabatic reactor and series of adiabatic reactors with interstage heat exchange, the best choice for temperature control was the series of adiabatic reactors with interstage heat exchange. This scheme represented the best way to keep the average temperature around 443 K, which was found to be the most suitable temperature for selectivity towards CO oxidation. If hydrogen is produced from ethanol steam reforming, the heat withdrawal can be carried out by the water/ethanol reformer feed mixture, thus contributing to the energy integration of the overall system.
ChemInform Abstract: A 3D Purely Inorganic Porous Framework Based on Keggin Polyoxoanions.
Authors: Han Xin‐Bao , Zhang Zhi‐Ming , Wang Zhi‐Shu , Zhang Huan , Duan Hui , Wang En‐Bo
Published: May 2012

K2NaH2 [BW12O40]·12H2O, prepared by the conventional aqueous method, is characterized by single crystal XRD and IR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and a Giant Magnetoresistance Effect in the New Zintl Compound Eu3Ga2P4.
Authors: Tsujii Naohito , Uvarov Catherine A. , Klavins Peter , Yi Tanghong , Kauzlarich Susan M.
Published: May 2012

Single crystals of the new title compound are prepared by a molten flux method from mixtures of the elements in the atomic ratio Eu:Ga:P = 3:120:4 (alumina crucible, 1370 K, 16 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhancement of Localization Phenomena Driven by Covalency in the SrBiMn1.75Ti0.25O6 Manganite.
Authors: Asensio de Lucas E. , Alvarez‐Serrano I. , Cuello G. J. , Garcia‐Hernandez M. , Lopez M. L. , Pico C. , Veiga M. L.
Published: May 2012

The new title manganite (prepared by a citric acid route) is characterized by electron, X‐ray, and neutron diffraction between 4 and 700 K, and conductivity and magnetization measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Isotypic Transition Metal Germanophosphates M4II(H2O)4 [Ge(OH)2(HPO4)2 (PO4)2] (MII: Fe, Co): Synthesis, Structure, Moessbauer Spectroscopy, and Magnetic Properties.
Authors: Huang Ya‐Xi , Zhang Xin , Huang Xuan , Schnelle Walter , Lin Jun , Mi Jin‐Xiao , Tang Mei‐Bo , Zhao Jing‐Tai
Published: May 2012

The title compounds are synthesized from mixtures of CoCl2 or FeCl2, GeO2, H3PO4, H2O, triethylamine, and 1,2‐propanediol (autoclave, 150 °C, 4 d, 85% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(III) Phosphates Obtained by Thermal Treatment of the Tavorite‐Type FePO4·H2O Material: Structures and Electrochemical Properties in Lithium Batteries.
Authors: Marx Nicolas , Bourgeois Lydie , Carlier Dany , Wattiaux Alain , Suard Emmanuelle , Le Cras Frederic , Croguennec Laurence
Published: May 2012

Thermal treatment of tavorite‐type FePO4·H2O leads to the formation of H0.8FePO4.4 (space group C2/c) and H0.4FePO4.2 (space group I41/amd).
ChemInform Abstract: Octahedral Pd2+ Coordination and Ferromagnetic Ordering in Pd(S2O7).
Authors: Bruns Joern , Eul Matthias , Poettgen Rainer , Wickleder Mathias S.
Published: May 2012

Blue crystals of the title compound are prepared in nearly quantitative yield by the reaction of elemental Pd with SO3 at 120°C (2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereodivergency in Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition Reactions of Glycine (Ket)imines.
Authors: Kim Hun Young , Li Jian‐Yuan , Kim Sungkyung , Oh Kyungsoo
Published: May 2012

Glycine imine (I) undergoes syn‐selective conjugate addition with nitroalkenes (II) in the presence of chiral catalyst systems consisting of a copper(I) salt and a ligand derived from a multidentate amino alcohol.
ChemInform Abstract: New Hydrazine‐Based Organocatalyst for Asymmetric Diels—Alder Reaction of 1,2‐Dihydropyridines.
Authors: Okuyama Yuko , Osone Kenichi , Nakano Hiroto , Takeshita Mitsuhiro
Published: May 2012

Enantioselective Diels—Alder reaction to synthesize optically active isoquinuclidine derivatives is accomplished using a new chiral hydrazinoalcohol as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Conversion of Silyl Enol Ethers to α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Employing Oxoammonium Salts.
Authors: Hayashi Masaki , Shibuya Masatoshi , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu
Published: May 2012

Six‐ and five‐membered ring substrates bearing aryl, alkyl and alkenyl substituents are converted to ketones, while a cycloheptene substrate leads to formation of an α‐aminooxylated ketone.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Base Catalysis by Thiourea: N‐Bromosuccinimide‐Mediated Oxidation of Alcohols.
Authors: Tripathi Chandra Bhushan , Mukherjee Santanu
Published: May 2012

The thiourea allows chemoselective conversion of secondary alcohols in the presence of primary ones.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneously Catalyzed Synthesis of Primary Amides Directly from Primary Alcohols and Aqueous Ammonia.
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuya , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Oishi Takamichi , Mizuno Noritaka
Published: May 2012

Formation of primary amides (II) is only observed in the presence of manganese oxide‐OMS‐2 independent of the starting material.
ChemInform Abstract: Terminal Alkyne Addition to Diazodicarboxylates: Synthesis of Hydrazide Linked Alkynes (Ynehydrazides).
Authors: Beveridge Ramsay E. , Batey Robert A.
Published: May 2012

A new and widely applicable access to the title compounds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Strategy for the Perfluoroalkylation of Arenes and Arylbromides by Using Arylboronate Esters and [(phen)CuRF].
Authors: Litvinas Nichole D. , Fier Patrick S. , Hartwig John F.
Published: May 2012

A wide range of aryl perfluoroalkanes is synthesized from arenes (I) and aryl bromides (IV) via in situ generated aryl boronate esters which undergo subsequent perfluoroalkylation in air with (phen)CuR (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Re2O7‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Synthesis of Protected Secondary and Tertiary Homoallylic Amines.
Authors: Pramanik Suman , Ghorai Prasanta
Published: May 2012

A mild, chemoselective, open‐flask, and one‐pot protocol for the synthesis of the title compounds (IV), (VI), (VIII), and (X) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Copper‐Promoted Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Anilines and Alkylboranes.
Authors: Naya Leticia , Larrosa Marta , Rodriguez Ramon , Cruces Jacobo
Published: May 2012

Optimized conditions for the Cu‐catalyzed coupling of trialkylboranes (slight excess), generated in solution from styrenes and BH3·THF, with anilines are developed to allow the synthesis of highly functionalized substituted N‐phenylethyl‐anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymeric PEG35k‐Pd Nanoparticles: Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for Reduction of Nitro Compounds.
Authors: Yadav Veena , Gupta Shweta , Kumar Rupesh , Singh Gajendra , Lagarkha Rekha
Published: May 2012

The conditions render possible the preparation of various functionalized anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: A PdCl2—Ionic Liquid Brush Assembly: An Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Mizoroki—Heck Reaction in Neat Water.
Authors: Shi Xianying , Han Xiaoyan , Ma Wenjuan , Fan Juan , Wei Junfa
Published: May 2012

Addition of a phase‐transfer catalyst is avoided and the reaction can also be performed under aerobic conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cross‐Esterification of Dithiolanes with Alcohols Through a Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC)/Deprotection Sequence.
Authors: Fu Liang , Yao Chang‐Jiang , Chang Ning‐Jie , Chen Jia‐Rong , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Xiao Wen‐Jing
Published: May 2012

The one‐pot cross‐dehydrogenative coupling—deprotection of dithiolanes with primary and secondary alcohols proceeds smoothly in the presence of CuI as catalyst to give the corresponding carboxylic esters in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rh(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,2‐Addition to α‐Diketones with Chiral Sulfur—Alkene Hybrid Ligands.
Authors: Feng Xiangqing , Nie Yanzhao , Yang Jing , Du Haifeng
Published: May 2012

The sulfur derivative SAH efficiently promotes the process to produce a number of tertiary α‐hydroxy ketones with good to high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Directing Group Assisted Rhodium‐Catalyzed Aryl C—H Addition to Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Xi‐Sha , Chen Kang , He Ke‐Han , Pan Fei , Li Bi‐Jie , Shi Zhang‐Jie
Published: May 2012

Arenes containing a quinoline‐2‐yl unit undergo efficient direct C—H addition to aromatic aldehydes to afford diarylmethanols.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,2‐Diaryldiketones by Oxidative Cleavage of 1,3‐Diaryldiketones with DMSO.
Authors: Yuan Yu , Zhu Haitao
Published: May 2012

The metal‐free method is performed under air.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild, Highly Efficient Addition of Alkynes to Aldehydes Catalyzed by Titanium Dioxide‐Supported Silver Nanoparticles.
Authors: Yu Min , Wang Yong , Sun Weijiang , Yao Xiaoquan
Published: May 2012

Silver nanoparticles supported on TiO2 are used as a highly efficient catalyst for the preparation of propargylic alcohols (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Cyclization of Aromatic Ketones with Alkynes: An Efficient Route to Indenols and Benzofulvenes.
Authors: Chinnagolla Ravi Kiran , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: May 2012

The title reactions are catalyzed by Ru(II)/Ag(I)/Cu(II) mixtures.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dihydrofuran‐Fused Perhydrophenanthrenes Having a Phenolic Hydroxyl Group as a Novel anti‐Alzheimer′s Disease Agent.
Authors: Sugimoto Kenji , Tamura Kosuke , Ohta Naoki , Tohda Chihiro , Toyooka Naoki , Nemoto Hideo , Matsuya Yuji
Published: May 2012

Novel mono‐protected catechol derivatives of perhydrophenanthrene are synthesized utilizing hypervalent iodine oxidation and original o‐quinodimethane chemistry of benzocyclobutenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Chiral 3,3′‐Disubstituted Oxindoles via an Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael Addition of Nitroalkanes to Indolylidenecyanoacetates.
Authors: Liu Lu , Wu Deyan , Zheng Shu , Li Tengfei , Li Xiangmin , Wang Sinan , Li Jian , Li Hao , Wang Wei
Published: May 2012

The method allows the synthesis of a broad spectrum of title compounds, which have a high potential in diversity‐oriented synthesis and drug development.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Indoles. Part 137. Rearrangement Reaction of 1‐Ethoxy‐ and 1‐Hydroxy‐2‐phenylindole.
Authors: Yamada Koji , Somei Masanori
Published: May 2012

Photoirradiation of 1‐ethoxy‐2‐phenylindole (I) and reaction of 1‐hydroxy‐2‐phenylindole with tosyl chloride provides 6‐ethoxy‐ (IV) and 6‐tosyloxy‐2‐phenylindole (VIII), resp., as minor products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Azolylindoles by Copper‐Catalyzed C—H/N—H Coupling—Annulation Sequence of o‐Alkynylanilines.
Authors: Oda Yoshiro , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: May 2012

The method provides a new method to prepare various biologically important N‐azolylindoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotection of 3,4‐Dimethoxybenzyl (3,4DMB) Group on γ‐Lactam Nitrogen Using Phenyliodine(III) Bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA): Application to Isoindolinone Compounds.
Authors: Watanabe Kazuhiro , Shibata Hiroaki , Imai Yu , Katoh Tadashi
Published: May 2012

The dimethoxybenzyl group represents an optimal protective group for the secondary amide (γ‐lactam) moiety of an isoindolinone ring with an extraordinarily high polarity and difficult handling characteristics.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium Catalyzed C—H Olefination of N‐Benzoylsulfonamides with Internal Alkenes.
Authors: Zhu Chen , Falck John R.
Published: May 2012

The title reaction proceeds via C—H olefination of benzoylsulfonamides (I) followed by C—N bond formation leading to 3,3‐disubstituted isoindolinones, e.g. (III).
ChemInform Abstract: An Original Route to Newly‐Functionalized Indoles and Carbazoles Starting from the Ring‐Opening of Nitrothiophenes.
Authors: Bianchi Lara , Giorgi Gianluca , Maccagno Massimo , Petrillo Giovanni , Scapolla Carlo , Tavani Cinzia
Published: May 2012

Nucleophilic addition of indole to nitroolefins gives the expected Michael‐type adducts (III) and (VI) as well as the carbazoles (IX) and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Antitubercular Evaluation and 3D‐QSAR Study of N‐Phenyl‐3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐4‐substituted Pyrazole Derivatives.
Authors: Khunt R. C. , Khedkar V. M. , Chawda R. S. , Chauhan N. A. , Parikh A. R. , Coutinho E. C.
Published: May 2012

A variety of substituted pyrazole derivatives is synthesized starting from chalcones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Cheap Cu(I)/Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) Catalytic System for C—N Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Cao Changsheng , Lu Zhongbo , Cai Zhengyuan , Pang Guangsheng , Shi Yanhui
Published: May 2012

Aryl halides bearing electron‐donating or ‐withdrawing groups can be used in combination with urotropin and CuCl or CuI.
ChemInform Abstract: A Green Route for the One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,2‐Disubstituted Benzimidazoles Using Iron(III) Phosphate under Solventless Conditions.
Authors: Behbahani F. K. , Ziaei Parisa
Published: May 2012

The catalyst can be recycled by filtration and reused without appreciable loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Click Synthesis of Potentially Biologically Active Triazoles Catalyzed by Copper Nanoparticles on Activated Carbon in Water.
Authors: Alonso Francisco , Moglie Yanina , Radivoy Gabriel , Yus Miguel
Published: May 2012

The preparation of triazole derivatives of phenacetin, lactic acid, (‐)‐menthol, cholesterol and D‐glucose is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 4‐Aryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles from 1,1‐Dibromoalkenes and Sodium Azide.
Authors: Wang Xiaokun , Kuang Chunxiang , Yang Qing
Published: May 2012

The optimized conditions using sodium ascorbate as promoter are compatible with a number of functional groups at the dibromo(aryl)alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxyisochromenes and 8‐Hydroxyisocoumarins from 3‐Ethoxycyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one.
Authors: Majetich George , Grove Jeremy L.
Published: May 2012

Two alternative strategies for the synthesis of 8‐hydroxyisocoumarins from substituted 3‐ethoxycyclohexenones are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiba‐G‐Catalyzed Intramolecular oxo‐Michael Addition: Synthetic Approaches to Vitamin E Skeleton.
Authors: Tokunou Sayaka , Nakanishi Waka , Kagawa Natsuko , Kumamoto Takuya , Ishikawa Tsutomu
Published: May 2012

Chroman (IX) is prepared by an intramolecular oxo‐Michael addition reaction of unsaturated ester (VIII) in the presence of a chiral imidazolidine catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: 4′‐Bromo‐5,6,7‐trimethoxyflavone (IVb) Represses Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced iNOS and COX‐2 Expressions by Suppressing the NF‐ϰB Signaling Pathway in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.
Authors: Lee Yong Sup , et al. et al.
Published: May 2012

Various analogues of baicalein and oroxylin A, flavones (IV) and (V), are synthesized with the aim to obtain derivatives that more potently inhibit the LPS‐induced production of inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl3—SiO2 as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Preparation of Dihydropyrano[3,2‐b]chromenediones.
Authors: Li Wei‐Lin , Liang Jin‐Ying , Wang Tian‐Bao , Wang Ya‐Qin
Published: May 2012

Ferric chloride on silica is used for the condensation of kojic acid, dimedone, and aromatic aldehydes under neat conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Docking and in vitro Antimalarial Evaluation of Bifunctional Hybrids Derived from β‐Lactams and 7‐Chloroquinoline Using Click Chemistry.
Authors: Singh Pardeep , Singh Parvesh , Kumar Malkeet , Gut Jiri , Rosenthal Philip J. , Kumar Kewal , Kumar Vipan , Mahajan Mohinder P. , Bisetty Krishna
Published: May 2012

1,2,3‐Triazole tethered β‐lactam and 7‐chloroquinoline bifunctional hybrids are synthesized using Huisgen′s 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition and screened as potential antimalarial agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinoline‐Fused Heterocycles from Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Cremonesi Giuseppe , Dalla Croce Piero , Gallanti Maddalena , La Rosa Concetta
Published: May 2012

A variety of ring‐fused quinoline heterocycles [(V), (VII), (XIII), and (XIX)] is prepared by intramolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Iterative One Pot Reactions of a Chiral Sulfamidate with 2,4,6‐Trichloropyridine: Regiocontrolled Synthesis of Linear and Angular Chiral Dipyrrolidino Pyridines.
Authors: Hebeisen Paul , Alker Andre , Buerkler Markus
Published: May 2012

The method provides a rapid entry into linear and angular dipyrrolidinopyridines carrying functional groups which are useful for further derivatizations.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydropyridazines
Authors: Fernandez Maitane , Vicario Jose L. , Reyes Efraim , Carrillo Luisa , Badia Dolores
Published: May 2012

by reaction of hydrazone (I) with unsaturated aldehydes (II)
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Green Synthesis of 3,4 Dihydropyrimidin‐2‐(1H)‐ones/Thiones Catalyzed by MgO—ZrO2 under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Gawande Manoj B. , Nagrik Deepak M. , Ambhore Damodar M.
Published: May 2012

The synthesis of the title compounds via a three‐component one‐pot reaction can be efficiently promoted by MgO—ZrO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroquinazolines via Tandem Addition—Conjugate Addition Cyclization of Carbodiimides Bearing a Michael Acceptor.
Authors: Saito Takao , Nakano Hayato , Terada Hidenori , Kutsumura Noriki , Otani Takashi
Published: May 2012

The reaction of carbodiimides (VII) with malonate (VIIIa) or cyanoacetate (VIIIb) leads selectively to 3,4‐dihydroquinazolines (IX) in most cases.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Sulfur‐Linked Thieno[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐c]pyrimidine Derivatives Containing Phenylpyrazole or Thienopyrimidinylpyrazole Moiety.
Authors: Whang Jina , Song Yang‐Heon
Published: May 2012

The title compounds are evaluated for their antibacterial effects against E.
ChemInform Abstract: Highyl Efficient Thermal Cyclization Reactions of Alkylidene Esters in Continuous Flow to Give Aromatic/Heteroaromatic Derivatives.
Authors: Lengyel Laszlo , Nagy Tibor Zs. , Sipos Gellert , Jones Richard , Dorman Gyoergy , Uerge Laszlo , Darvas Ferenc
Published: May 2012

Gould—Jacobs and Conrad—Limpach‐type thermal cyclization and benzannulation reactions are investigated from readily prepared functional precursors using a high pressure and high temperature flow reactor system with very short residence times.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted‐7,8‐dihydro‐6H‐pyrano[2,3‐6]pyrazines.
Authors: Li Jian‐Cheng , Munchhof Michael , Warmus Joseph S. , Bonin Paul D. , McClure Kim F.
Published: May 2012

Title compound (VIII) is obtained from (VII) by transesterification in order to get a constrained analogue of the known drug (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Ruthenium(II) 2,6‐Bis(imino)pyridyl Complexes for C—H Amination of Sulfamate Esters.
Authors: Bon Jennifer L. , Blakey Simon B.
Published: May 2012

A series of ruthenium(II) complexes such as (I) is synthesized and tested as catalysts for C—H amination of sulfamate ester (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Azepanones and Heteroaromatic‐Fused Azepines.
Authors: Sakya Subas M. , Flick Andrew C. , Coe Jotham W. , Gray David L. , Liang Sidney , Ferri Fabiola , Van den Berg Michel , Pouwer Kees
Published: May 2012

Two independent routes to the intermediate heterocycles (VII) and (VIII) are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Novel 1,4‐Thiazepan‐3‐ones Fused with Bioactive Heterocyclic Skeletons and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities.
Authors: Shi Feng , Zeng Xiao‐Ning , Cao Xu‐Dong , Zhang Shu , Jiang Bo , Zheng Wei‐Fa , Tu Shu‐Jiang
Published: May 2012

26 Title compounds of type (IV), (VII), (X), and (XIII) are prepared and tested for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Photolabile Protecting Group for Phosphate Compounds
Authors: Zhang Youlai , Tanimoto Hiroki , Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Morimoto Tsumoru , Kakiuchi Kiyomi
Published: May 2012

The thiochromone derivative (II) is employed for the protection.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated One‐Pot Transformation of 2‐N‐Sulfonylaminoaryl Diselenides into Benzo[b][1,4]selenazines.
Authors: Viglianisi Caterina , Simone Lavinia , Menichetti Stefano
Published: May 2012

A new one‐pot procedure allows the transformation of diselenide (I) into benzo[b][1,4]selenazines by reaction with various alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Glycosylation of Unprotected Methyl Hexopyranoside by Transient Masking with Arylboronic Acid.
Authors: Nishino Takashi , Ohya Yohei , Murai Rie , Shirahata Tatsuya , Yamamoto Daisuke , Makino Kazuishi , Kaji Eisuke
Published: May 2012

Methyl α/β‐(D)‐galactopyranoside, α/β‐(D)‐glucopyranoside, α‐(L)‐fucopyranoside, and α‐(L)‐rhamnopyranoside behave as acceptors in the glycosylation reaction with donor (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Convergent Total Syntheses of the Pentacyclic Lamellarins K, T, U and W via the Addition of Azomethine Ylides to Tethered Tolans.
Authors: Flynn Bernard L. , Banwell Martin G.
Published: May 2012

Lamellarin K, and three closely related analogues are prepared in a concise and fully regiocontrolled fashion via the addition of an azomethine ylide to an ester‐linked tolan, cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Reinvestigation of the Classical Total Synthesis of Makomakine.
Authors: Furuya Makoto , Nagatomo Ayumi , Toyota Masahiro
Published: May 2012

The final step of the total synthesis of makomakine (III), i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Deethyleburnamonine Using a Catalytic Cyclopropane Ring‐Opening/Friedel—Crafts Alkylation Strategy.
Authors: Patil Dadasaheb V. , Cavitt Marchello A. , France Stefan
Published: May 2012

The total synthesis of title compound (VII) is achieved with an overall yield of ~18% over six steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Autofluorescent Fused‐Pyrimidine Nucleosides: Synthesis and Evaluation as Permeants and Inhibitors of Human Nucleoside Transporters.
Authors: Nowak Ireneusz , Damaraju Vijaya L. , Cass Carol E. , Young James D. , Robins Morris J.
Published: May 2012

Nucleosides fused with five‐membered heterocycles (N, O or S) are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: 7‐Halogenated 7‐Deazapurine 2′‐C‐Methylribonucleosides.
Authors: Seela Frank , Budow Simone , Xu Kuiying , Peng Xiaohua , Eickmeier Henning
Published: May 2012

A one‐pot glycosylation strategy (Vorbrueggen conditions) is applied to the synthesis of 7‐halogenated 7‐deazapurine 2′‐C‐methylribonucleosides related to adenosine, inosine, and guanosine as well as to the immunosine derivative (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: A Tandem Enyne/Ring Closing Metathesis Approach to 4‐Methylene‐2‐cyclohexenols: An Efficient Entry to Otteliones and Loloanolides.
Authors: Betkekar Vipul V. , Panda Samaresh , Kaliappan Krishna P.
Published: May 2012

A new approach to both cis‐ and trans‐4‐methylene‐2‐cyclohexenone structures is developed based on the enyne/ring closing metathesis followed by the oxidation with Dess—Martin periodinane.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on MPC1001: A Dipolar Cycloaddition Approach to the Pyrrolidine Ring System.
Authors: Schuber Paul T. , Williams Robert M.
Published: May 2012

The approach towards the total synthesis of MPC1001 is based on disconnections across the dioxopiperazine and the diaryl ether subunit of MPC1001 utilizing a late‐stage construction of the oxepin ring via the highly substituted pyrrolidine (IV), which in turn is accessible by a novel asymmetric dipolar cycloaddition methodology involving substrates (I), (II), and (III).
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient Synthesis of Honokiol and Its Analogues as Potential Neuropreventive Agents.
Authors: Tripathi Subhankar , Chan Ming‐Huan , Chen Chinpiao
Published: May 2012

Honokiol (V) significantly decreases amyloid β peptide (Aβ)‐induced cell death.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Understanding the Growth Mechanism of One‐dimensional Nanostructures by Vapor Phase Processes
Authors: Ye Changhui
Published: May 2012

Review: 145 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Shape and Size Controlled Pt Nanocrystals as Novel Model Catalysts
Authors: Miyake Mikio , Miyabayashi Keiko
Published: May 2012

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Approaches to the Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Finn Colin , Schnittger Sorcha , Yellowlees Lesley J. , Love Jason B.
Published: May 2012

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aminonaphthoquinones in Heterocyclization
Authors: Aly Ashraf A. , Ishak Esam A. , Alsharari Musaed A. , Al‐Muaikel Nayef S. , Bedair Tarek M. I.
Published: May 2012

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclization of Acylthiosemicarbazides
Authors: Hassan Alaa A. , El‐Sheref Essmat M. , Abou‐Zied Ashraf H.
Published: May 2012

Review: 180 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial/Library Peptide Synthesis
Authors: Lebl Michal
Published: May 2012

Review: 317 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Neoglycopeptide Synthesis
Authors: Brimble Margaret A. , Miller Nicole , Williams Geoffrey M.
Published: May 2012

Review: 149 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Medicinal Chemistry of α‐Amino Acids
Authors: Bunch Lennart , Krogsgaard‐Larsen Povl
Published: May 2012

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles from Amino Acids
Authors: Calaza M. Isabel , Cativiela Carlos
Published: May 2012

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Reactivity of β‐Lactams
Authors: Page Michael I.
Published: May 2012

Review: 154 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Lactams via the Staudinger Reaction
Authors: Konaklieva Monika I. , Plotkin Balbina J.
Published: May 2012

Review: 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Difficult Peptides
Authors: Miranda Maria Teresa Machini , Liria Cleber W. , Remuzgo Cesar
Published: May 2012

Review: 175 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Communic Acids. Occurrence, Properties, and Use as Chirons for the Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Barrero Alejandro F. , Herrador M. Mar , Arteaga Pilar , Arteaga Jesus F. , Arteaga Alejandro F.
Published: May 2012

Review: 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Hydrogenation of β‐Keto Esters Using Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts: A Case Study for Comparison of Different Catalytic Methodologies
Authors: Wolfson Adi , Tavor Dorith
Published: May 2012

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: “Janus” Dendrimers: Syntheses and Properties
Authors: Caminade Anne‐Marie , Laurent Regis , Delavaux‐Nicot Beatrice , Majoral Jean‐Pierre
Published: May 2012

Review: 67 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendrimer Therapeutics: Covalent and Ionic Attachments
Authors: El Kazzouli Said , Mignani Serge , Bousmina Mosto , Majoral Jean‐Pierre
Published: May 2012

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendrimers as Non‐Viral Vectors for siRNA Delivery
Authors: Liu Xiaoxuan , Rocchi Palma , Peng Ling
Published: May 2012

Review: [41 refs.]
ChemInform Abstract: Dendrimers in Nuclear Medical Imaging
Authors: Ghobril Cynthia , Lamanna Giuseppe , Kueny‐Stotz Marie , Garofalo Antonio , Billotey Claire , Felder‐Flesch Delphine
Published: May 2012

Review: ca. 80 refs.