bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Organizational Supports on Nurses’ Occupational Stress in COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Partial Least Squares Multigroup Analysis
Authors:   Department of Health Economics and Management, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Yousefi Mehdi , Salehi Fatemeh ,   Department of Medical Records and Health Information Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Ebrahimi Zahra ,   Department of Management, Faculty of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Jamali Jamshid ,   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Mashhadi Leila ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: The safety and mental health issues of frontline nurses working during the coronavirus global outbreak must be a first/top priority. The present study aimed to investigate the association between nurses’ occupation stress and organizational support in both infectious and non-infectious intensive care units (ICUs) wards during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. The study population comprised nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients in Imam Reza Hospital complex in Mashhad City, Iran. The sample size was 129 nurses selected through random quota sampling and examined with a standard questionnaire. To analyze the information and test the hypothesis, the structural equation modeling approach using Smart PLS 2.0 software has been used. Descriptive and analytical statistical tests were used in this study. Results: The results indicated a significant negative correlation between stress and perceived organizational support for ICU nurses (P<0.001). Considering subscales in stress, the highest mean occupational stress scores were related to the “death and dying” dimension (n=21, 13.98%). Also, the difference between the two groups of nurses was statistically significant in different workloads (P<0.001) and lack of support (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study highlighted the importance of organizational support to reduce stress in nurses. To get through this unprecedented situation, nurses need their employers and organizations to support them with action, planning, and resources.
Structural Modeling of the Role of Attachment Styles on Students’ Academic Motivation Mediated by Academic Self-efficacy
Authors:   Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Sciences, Qaenat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaenat, Iran., Haji Vosoogh Najme Sadat , Tavakolizadeh Jahanshir ,   Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Sciences, Qaenat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaenat, Iran., Pakdaman Majid ,   Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Sciences, Qaenat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaenat, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Academic motivation has always been considered by researchers and specialists in educational psychology as a critical and essential aspect of education. With motivation, students follow the necessary mobility to successfully finish an assignment and reach a goal by demonstrating a specific level of proficiency in their work to finally acquire the essential learning and academic success. This study aimed to evaluate the structural modeling of the role of attachment styles among students mediated by academic self-efficacy. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional research was conducted using structural equations. The research population included all high school students (n=3057) in the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades living in Gonabad City, Iran, in 2019-2020, of whom 1646 were girls and 1411 boys. A total of 250 students were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method based on principles of structural equations sampling. After obtaining informed consent, all participants completed the situational motivation scale, the Morgan-Jinks student attachment styles, the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, revised adult attachment scale, and the classroom environments questionnaire. Then, the data were collected and analyzed through the Pearson correlation method and structural equations in SPSS software version 19 and AMOS version 20. Results: Academic self-efficacy (0.20) and attachment styles (-0.15) directly and significantly affected academic motivation. In addition, attachment styles (-0.23) had a direct and significant effect on academic self-efficacy. There was an indirect relationship between emotional regulation (-0.07) and mediated academic self-efficacy on academic motivation (P<0.01). Conclusion: The attachment styles model owes a good fit to students’ academic motivation with the mediating role of academic self-efficacy. Therefore, the awareness of teachers, parents, principals, and other educational experts can improve students’ academic motivation.
Identification of Patients With Schizophrenia: Immediate Action to Control COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mousavi Mohammad Reza , Besharatpour Mahboobeh ,   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2022

The characteristics of schizophrenia, including delusions, hallucinations, poor insight, cognitive impairment, and disorganized behavior [1] and demographic characteristics including homelessness and living in communal homes [1] have provided the basis for COVID-19 infection in patients with schizophrenia. Due to impairments in insight and decision-making capacity, people with schizophrenia are less likely to adhere to protective measures [2].
The Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccination Program in Duhok Province, Iraqi Kurdistan: Challenges and Solutions
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq., Abdulkader Manhal Ahmed , Aghali Merza Muayad ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq.
Published: November 2022

This review aims to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccination program in Duhok, determine its negative and positive points, and subsequently improve it. In Duhok, across the 59 mass vaccination centers, vaccination coverage rates were investigated for all populations aged ≥18 years and populations aged ≥12 years receiving the three available vaccines, namely: Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer, by the end of the year 2021. By December 2021, the total number of vaccine doses provided was 621430, of whom 72.92% were Pfizer receivers. At the end of 2021, 35.92% of people aged ≥18 years were vaccinated with at least one dose, whereas the rate was reduced to 25.15% after including people aged ≥12 years. Notably, this rate is higher among health care workers (HCWs), showing that 9474 (60%) of 12000 HCWs were vaccinated with at least one dose. COVID-19 vaccination education highlights its importance in disease prevention and attenuation. Although the average vaccination coverage in Duhok is better than in other cities in Iraq, it remains below the World Health Organization (WHO) standard; hence, urgent action is indicated to increase the coverage rate and to expand the vaccines to include 5-11 years old children. The coverage rate among HCWs is fairly good in Duhok Province. Furthermore, it is important to strengthen the vaccination program in Duhok by improving staff experience, implementing infection preventive measures, and improving the registration system.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Compassion-focused Therapy and Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction in Reducing Type D Personality Traits in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors:   Department of General Psychology, School of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran., Karimi Maryam , Emadi Seyedeh Zahra ,   Department of Health Psychology, School of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran., Zadeh Yazdan Mohsen ,   Department of Medical Emergencies, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran., Izanloo Maryam ,   Department of General Psychology, School of Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Coronary patients with type D personality have high stress and inhibit negative emotions. Despite receiving similar medical procedures as other coronary patients they show a slower recovery process and recurrent heart attacks. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in reducing type D personality traits in patients with coronary heart disease. Materials and Methods: The present research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest- post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all patients with coronary heart disease in Rajai Alborz Hospital in Karaj City, Iran, in 2019. A total of 45 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups under the title of CFT, MBSR, and control group. Subjects responded to the type D personality scale by Denollet (2005) for pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. CFT and MBSR were each held in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. In the present study, the statistical method of repeated measure analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 18, was used to analyze the data with 0.05 and 0.01 significance levels. Results: After the intervention, the average score of type D traits symptoms of the test group (73.26 with a standard deviation of 4.49) was significantly lower than the control group (53.36 with a standard deviation of 27.4). CFT and MBSR had a reducing effect on type D personality traits over time (P<0.001). Also, a significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of CFT and MBSR in reducing type D personality traits (P=0.020). Conclusion: CFT and MBSR are both effective in treating patients with type D personality but CFT is more effective.
Frequency of ABO Blood Groups in Patients With COVID-19 Referred to Ali Ibn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan in 2020
Authors:   Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Rezvan Sajjad , Nasiri Bozorgmehr ,   Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Farahmand Habib ,   Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Ahmadi Jafar ,   Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran, Noori Enayatollah ,   School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Bazmandegan Gholamreza ,   Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran., Kamyab Zahra ,   Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: The Coronavirus causes severe contamination and disease by targeting cell antigens. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of ABO blood groups in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A total of 343 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Ali Ibn Abi Taleb in Rafsanjan City, Iran, in the first half of 2020 were selected upon their availability. The study included a demographic checklist, blood group, pulmonary involvement by high-resolution CT scan, and severity of the disease based on clinical symptoms. Chisquare tests and logistic regression were used to analyze data with a 0.05 significant level. Results: Of 343 patients studied, 108 patients (31.5%) had blood group B, 102 patients (29.7%) blood group O, 98 patients (28.6%) blood group A, and 35 patients (10.2%) had blood group AB. Regression analysis showed that disease severity in patients with blood group O was 31.9% compared to patients with blood group A. Also, in comparison to blood group A, the pulmonary involvement in patients with blood group B was 16%, blood group AB was 20.6% more, and blood group O was 39.8% less. Conclusion: The non-significant odds of COVID-19 severity were lower in blood group B and higher in blood group O in comparison to blood group A. Also, the severity of pulmonary involvement was lower in blood group O and higher in blood group AB in comparison to blood group A.
Updates in Nursing Interventions of Pediatric Angiography: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran., Heidari Haydeh , Heidary Shima ,   Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Children with heart defects who need angiography are increasing. They have high anxiety and stress. Implementing an effective program for children undergoing angiography is one of the tasks of nurses. This article aims at reviewing nursing interventions for children under angiography. Materials and Methods: Elsevier, SID, Magiran, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched using keywords such as coronary angiography, nonpharmacological interventions, nursing interventions, pediatric, infant, children, and complementary therapies during 19842021. From 60 studies in the initial search, 12 studies were maintained. Results: Several solutions can reduce stress in children under angiography including music therapy and play therapy such as digital games, distraction, and relaxation therapy. Conclusion: Pediatric nursing interventions under angiography can play an effective role in the recovery process. Children undergoing angiography have interventions to reduce stress according to their developmental age. Depending on the environmental, psychological, and social conditions of the child, solutions can be adopted and implemented so that children and their parents experience less stress.
Pre-nutritional Effects of Hot (Cinnamon) and Cold (Lentil) Temperaments on the Animal Model of Stroke
Authors:   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Ghassemifard Leila , Khavasi Narjes ,   Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Hejazi Seyed Amir ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Bahrami Mohsen ,   Department of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Hosseini Masoumeh ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Najjari Solmaz ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Yoosefi Sadegh ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Mostafavi Hossein ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Stroke, mainly caused by atherosclerosis, is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis may be caused by spleen dysfunction, and oxidative stress intensifies the brain damage induced by cerebral ischemia. According to the studies, cinnamon and lentils as hot and cold temperaments, respectively, contain antioxidant compounds and affect spleen function. This study investigated and compared the effect of cinnamon and lentils in preventing stroke. Materials and Methods: Cinnamon and lentil extracts were injected intraperitoneally daily to adult male Wistar rats for 30 days, and at the end, a rotarod test was carried out. Then, blood samples were taken from their eyes. The rats were submitted to the ischemic stroke, and the activity level of Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant were measured. The ischemic stroke model was implemented using the MCAO method. Infarct area and ischemic tolerance were measured by the MCAO (Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion) method, and infarct volume was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride. Results: Chronic use of lentil extract decreased motor function, CAT, SOD, and total antioxidant activity compared with cinnamon extract. The cinnamon extract improved the ischemic tolerance and reduced the infarct size. The group receiving lentil extract could not tolerate ischemia and died during the experiment. Conclusion: It seems that diet adjustment can effectively reduce the incidence of stroke or its complications. Awareness of food temperament and its relationship with various diseases can reduce disease burden, though further studies should be conducted on this topic.
The Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Plasma Levels of Thyroid Hormones During Hemorrhagic Shock in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshar, Iran., Faraji Shahrivar Farzaneh , Khani Samira ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Mehdipour Aida ,   Department of Pediatric dentistry, School of dentistry, Saheli St, Qom University of medical sciences, Qom, Iran., Farahani Hamid ,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is one of the most important causes of death. In this study, we investigated the benefits of therapeutic hypothermia (32°C) during HS on blood pressure (BP) and the role of thyroid hormones during HS. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two normothermic hemorrhagic (NH) and hypothermic hemorrhagic (HH) groups (32°C during shock); the animals were then anesthetized, a microcatheter was inserted into the femoral artery, and one into the femoral vein. The arterial samples were centrifuged, and plasma was isolated to measure thyroid hormones later. The microcatheter was fixed to a physiograph to record BP. Animals were exposed to HS for 90 minutes by withdrawing blood from the femoral vein and BP was assessed during HS. Results: The BP of HH animals was significantly higher in most times of HS and at 40 minutes (56.8±4.2 mmHg) in comparison to NH rats (45.4±3.8 mmHg) (P<0.05). In addition, the amount of BP in HH animals at the end of the shock period at 90 minutes (63.8±5.5 mmHg) was significantly (P<0.001) higher in comparison with the NH groups (39±3.2 mmHg). Levels of thyroid hormones T4 and T3 at the end of shock were lower in the HH group compared to the NH group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Therapeutic hypothermia indirectly reduces the level of thyroid hormones and directly reduces the metabolism of non-vital tissues, preserves blood in the central arteries, and increases BP.
The Effect of an Aerobic Exercise Course on Cardiac Tissue Apoptosis in Adult Male Rats Poisoned With Oxygenated Water
Authors:   Department of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran., Rezaei Seyed Mostafa , Abedi Bahram ,   Department of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran., Fath Elahi Hossein ,   Department of Physical Education, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran., Fath Elahi Hossein
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Exercise is a strong physiological stimulus that can directly or indirectly affect the process of cardiac apoptosis by affecting some extracellular and intracellular signaling pathways. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on cardiac tissue apoptosis in rats poisoned with oxygenated water. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats with a weight range of 200-220 g and a mean age of 8-10 weeks were divided into 3 groups, each group containing 8 rats: (1) healthy control (HC), (2) toxicant control (TC), and (3) toxic aerobic exercise (AE). To induce apoptosis, a 9% oxidant, with a large amount of oxygenated water was used by inhalation for 3 hours daily. Twenty-four hours after the last exercise, rats were sacrificed, and their tissue samples were isolated and kept at -80 ° C. Then, the expression of BAX, Caspase 3, and BCL2 genes in cardiac tissue was measured using RTPCR. Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test and one-way analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc test in SPSS software v. 22 were used to analyze the data (P≥0.05). Results: Exposure to oxygenated water significantly increased BAX (P=0.001) and Caspase 3 (P=0.002) and significantly decreased BCL2 gene expression (P=0.001) in cardiac tissue. While aerobic exercise decreased levels of BAX (P=0.001) and Caspase 3 (P=0.001) and increased BCL2 (P=0.000) in the cardiac tissue of rats poisoned with oxygenated water. Conclusion: It seems that a period of aerobic exercise with significant changes in the expression of genes involved in oxygenated apoptosis can be used as a complementary therapy and other methods to modulate the apoptosis of cardiac tissue.
Comparison of Independent Female Images in Chinese and American Literature: A Case Study of Jia Tanchun in A Dream of Red Mansions and Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind
Authors: Wang Sirui
Published: November 2022

A Dream of Red Mansions and Gone with the Wind both feature many prominent female characters. Among them, Jia Tanchun in a Dream of Red Mansions and Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind both have independent female thoughts. In spite of different time backgrounds and cultural tradition soil, the characters they portray have certain similarities. Comparing the similarities and differences of their independent thoughts can reveal the influence of social background on the development of feminism. The objective of the study is to make a comparison of these two characters and explore the inner link between the development of feminism and social background.
Economic immigration in the secondary segment in Poland taking the example of employees from Ukraine
Authors: Kruk Marzena Sylwia
Published: November 2022

The article aimed to analyse the labour market in Poland in relation to the employment of foreigners, especially immigrants from Ukraine, showing not only the dimensions of economic immigration over the period 2009-2019 but also the impact on the Polish economy. An analysis of the changes in the situation of foreign workers in the labour market over the last decade shows that despite an increase in employment among foreigners, they are not competition for native employees, which means that they “do not take jobs”, on the contrary – they fill the gap where there is a shortage of native employees, because, for example, they went abroad or do not want to take niche, low-paid jobs.
Segregation, education, and inclusion of European Roma: A demographic analysis
Authors: Czaderny Krzysztof
Published: November 2022

The isolation of Romani people is rooted both in discrimination by non-Roma and in Romani informal institutions known as romaniya. Residential desegregation is a sectoral objective in the European Union public policies for Roma. The current study is based on the EU-MIDIS II study of 20,375 Romani adults from south-western and south-eastern Europe. A logistic regression with fractional polynomial transformation is used to model hypothesised relationships between education and residential segregation on the one hand and economic outcomes and discrimination on the other among segregated and non-segregated Roma. The analysis demonstrates that among Roma, more years of education were related to a higher likelihood of adult employment, living above the at-risk-of-poverty threshold, and the ability of households to make ends meet irrespective of the ethnic composition of the neighbourhood. In densely populated areas residential segregation was not significantly associated with the economic performance of the Roma. Education and residential segregation were not significant predictors of self-perceived discrimination.
Examining the cyclical pattern of remittance flow, migrants stock, and income of 31 pairs of countries with India
Authors: Padhan Hemachandra , Behera Deepak Kumar , Sahu Santosh Kumar , Dash Umakant
Published: November 2022

This study has examined the cyclical pattern of remittances, migrants’ stock, and income of 31 pairs of countries with India for the period from 2010 to 2016. The main motivation was to examine whether immigration and emigration policies play an influential role to improve welfare between the host and origin country or not in terms of bilateral remittance flows.  As our bilateral remittance and migrant stock data follow a binomial distribution, so we have applied both ordered logit and ordered probit regression models to examine the smoothing hypothesis which was a new addition to the literature. Our result shows that remittance and migrant stocks show a counter-cyclical movement with an income of country origin while it shows a pro-cyclical movement with an income of country destination. The study concludes that financial constraint is a major issue for immigrants’ movement that leads to low remittances flows and should be alleviated. Further, immigration and emigration policies should be determined by looking at the unemployment rate, the magnitude of migration, and the population size of both host and origin countries.
Gender and the career trajectories of highly skilled Syrian refugees in Switzerland
Authors: Cangià Flavia , Davoine Eric , Tashtish Sima
Published: November 2022

This article looks at the role of gender relations and norms in the (re)making of career trajectories of highly skilled Syrian refugees in Switzerland. We explore how refugees encounter gender regimes while making sense of their present work situation vis-à-vis their career plans. We draw upon a qualitative study conducted with 27 highly skilled Syrian refugees in Switzerland. How do refugees encounter different gender regimes in Switzerland? What is the significance of gender in their transition to a new labour market? How do they re-negotiate gender meanings and roles following the displacement? Our findings show that refugees (re)make sense of gender norms, roles and meanings across space and time vis-à-vis their career trajectories. The gender regimes these people refer to are highly diversified and shape people’s negotiation of family roles and identities in complex and at times ambivalent ways, also along multiple lines of belonging.
Out-migration from the Hills of Garhwal Himalaya: a Case Study
Authors: Kumar Saurav
Published: November 2022

Throughout history, out-migration has significantly impacted the Garhwal Himalaya. This is a common phenomenon, and people have used it to diversify their risk and livelihood options. This paper evaluates the extent of out-migration in the Garhwal Himalaya and examines the different types, patterns, reasons, and implications of out-migration. The study was conducted by gathering data from the 12 villages of the Garhwal Himalaya. A total of 560 households were surveyed from the villages, covering 100% sample from each village. The authors constructed a structured questionnaire and asked the heads of each surveyed household about the types of migration they practice, the locations of migration, the reasons for migration, and the consequences of such migration. In addition, the authors asked about migrants' age, sex, education, income, and occupation. The study reveals that out-migration in the Garhwal Himalaya has become a major problem since it has led to many socio-economic problems in the region. And if it is not addressed at its earliest, a large number of villages will become depopulated. Additionally, this study suggests some policy measures to curb out-migration from the Garhwal Himalaya.
Towards a post-autonomy of migration: (Young) refugees between belligerent and peaceful agency
Authors: Otto Laura , Hoffmann Felix
Published: November 2022

Contemporary research on migration and border regimes emphasizes that migration produces effects beyond border control, as migrants act (partially) autonomously as individual or collective agents. On the discursive level, many representations tend to foster fantasies of refugees as autonomous political fighters, which overlooks their frequently peaceful aims and ignores non-violent (micro-)politics. Based on an example from Laura Otto’s fieldwork with young migrants in Malta, we claim that it is important for critical migration theory not to subsume diverse forms of agency and concrete actions of migrants too easily under the umbrella of the autonomy of migration, as autonomy is a highly ambivalent concept – not an end in itself. We propose to distinguish clearly between belligerent and peaceful forms of political agency. Beyond an understanding of autonomy as combative by principle, a post-autonomous viewpoint takes constructive interdependencies among migrants and non-migrant EU-populations into consideration, too.
The ‘inconfinables’ or the creation of ‘superfluous lives’ in times of crisis
Authors: Fornalé Elisa , Laura Odasso
Published: November 2022

Gender, class, ethnicity and generation played a determining role in exposure to the COVID-19 virus and in access to care. This translated into differences in communicability, morbidity and mortality. Migrants and ethnic minorities have been over-represented among serious cases, just as they are often also disproportionately affected during natural disasters and crises. We focus on a segment of vulnerable population defined by the French term ‘inconfinables’. Related to the term ‘confinement’, used in France to mean lockdown, the ‘inconfinables’ are those individuals that, due to personal, socio-economic and administrative factors, may not respect the governmental measures proposed to contain the spread of the pandemic. The article presents an comparative analysis of different approaches implemented at the domestic level (in France and Italy) to gain original insights into the practice of lockdown regimes. These insights are used to explore the nexus between ethnic social inequalities, governmental capacity to ensure effective protection of the whole population and human rights.
Can collaborative knowledge production decolonize epistemology?
Authors: Nimführ Sarah
Published: November 2022

A critical engagement with representation, positionality, and power inequalities has become increasingly common in research and publication projects in the field of forced migration studies. Indeed, the field has drawn on decolonial frameworks to move towards more inclusive perspectives. Nevertheless, the challenge in decolonizing knowledge production is to consider the rich spectrum of knowledges and knowledge production, while remaining aware of complexities and tensions, to avoid further marginalizing already-marginalized actors. This article stimulates a discussion that critically reflects on the structures and power relations in which collaboration processes form. I draw on forms of collaboration applied in my research, primarily co-authorships with refugee research partners, to reflect on methodological challenges and questions of legitimacy, from positions of hegemonic academic knowledge production. An epistemic decolonization through collaborative knowledge production can only occur if researchers practise emancipatory and ethical scholarship that revalues marginalized actors’ perspectives and agendas, while also actively decentring the western hegemonic academy.
Proximity-Sensitive Relative Deprivation and International Migration Intentions
Authors: El Anshasy Amany A. El , Shamsuddin Mrittika , Katsaiti Marina-Selini
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to re-examine the relation between relative deprivation (RD) and international migration intentions when people demonstrate asymmetric proximity preferences towards higher-income reference individuals on the income ladder. We consider three cases: the conventional linear case, in which all comparisons with higher-income individuals have equal weight; the rising proximity preferences, in which individuals assign increasing weights to reference groups as they get closer on the income ladder; and when individuals are more sensitive to income changes of the far wealthier. We use Gallup’s individual-level survey data on 129 countries, between 2009 and 2017. We find that the international migration-RD relation depends on the proximity preferences along the income distribution and across risk-tolerance levels. The common wisdom that people migrate to enhance their relative positions is found robust only among the poorest and the more risk-tolerant populations, under different proximity preferences assumptions. This paper provides deeper understanding on how policies directed to reducing income inequality and poverty may impact migration outcomes in sending countries when the target population exhibits proximity-sensitive RD.
Educated Syrian Working Women: Evaluation of the Acculturation Process
Authors: Şeker Betül Dilara
Published: November 2022

Turkey is the country with the largest Syrian refugee population in the world. This research examines how Syrian-educated refugee women perceive their acculturation experiences and their life experiences pre- and post-migration. Women (ten participants) who were educated in their country and had working experience participated in the study. The study in the qualitative research method is in the phenomenological design. Research data were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. The experiences of the participants have evaluated seven titles. Migration and post-migration; interaction in the post-migration process; relations in the post-migration process; social identity, intersectionality, and discrimination; professional life; life satisfaction and adaptation; expectations. As a result of the research, it has been determined that participants' lives pre- and post-migration changed, and women's education facilitated their language learning, acculturation, and adaptation.
A Missing Piece: The Absence of Discussion About Integration Policy in the Slovak Migration Discourse
Authors: Stefancik Radoslav , Stradiotova Eva , Seresova Terezia
Published: November 2022

In the current paper, we will explain how and why Slovak politicians have been largely unwilling to articulate the topic of migrant integration in recent years, even though up until 2015, international migration was at least a marginal topic of public debate in Slovakia. To this day, this topic remains mostly unexplored by both Slovak politicians and voters. Since migration policy is a synthesis of immigration, asylum, and integration policies, we assume that the migration discourse will be equivalently structured. Although the integration of foreigners has traditionally been an important part of migration policy in the larger world, we have found that this topic has been marginalised in Slovak public discourse, i.e. it is usually not part of the political discussion here. Integration is a marginal topic of this political discourse because Slovak politicians prefer to articulate migration as a threat to public order, identity, culture, and religion. Slovak politicians reject migration because they assume that migrants are unable or unwilling to integrate.
What to Consider While Researching Young Refugees and Migrants: Takeaways from a Field Research in Turkey
Authors: Ozerim Gokay
Published: November 2022

The youth perspective still has not been sufficiently included in the relevant research processes although research on young refugees becomes even more important to analyze this group's situation and needs, produce policies, and meet their needs. Conducting research on young refugees, as a subject at the intersection of youth research and migration research, requires a series of sensitivities regarding methods, approaches, and other components of the research processes. In this study, the research process, major takeaways, and prominent insights concerning doing research about young refugees will be shared based on the experience of a field study which was completed in 2019 in Turkey. In addition to the methodological and ethical discussions, the study also aims to share the elements that are recommended to consider while integrating young refugees into the processes and the inferences obtained from the experience within the scope of the field research.
Book Review: Loftsdóttir, K (2022) We Are All Africans Here: Race, Mobilities, and West Africans in Europe
Authors: Karan Olgu
Published: November 2022

Loftsdóttir, K (2022) We Are All Africans Here: Race, Mobilities, and West Africans in Europe. New York: Berghahn Books, 192 pages, ISBN: 9781800733275 Reviewed by Olgu Karan, Department of Sociology, Başkent University,Turkey. E-mail: olgukaran@gmail.com
Fluorescence Competition Assay for the Assessment of ATP Binding to an Isolated Domain of Na+, K+-ATPase.
Authors: Kubala M , Plášek J , Amler E
Published: November 2022

An equation allowing estimation of the dissociation constant for binding of a non-fluorescent ligand to the enzyme is presented that is based on the competitive replacement of the ligand by its fluorescent analog. We derived an explicit formula for the probe fluorescence intensity, which is suitable for nonlinear least-squares analysis. We used this formula to evaluate the binding of ATP to the large cytoplasmic loop of Na+,K(+)-ATPase. The estimated value of KD (6.2+/- 0.7 mM) is comparable with the results from other laboratories for similar constructs obtained by a different method.
Somatostatin: Beneficial Effects on Remission in Adult Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Type 1.
Authors: Vondra K , Voborská M , Kvapil M , Weber P , Dvořáková H , Stanická S , Zamrazil V
Published: November 2022

To assess a possible influence of short-term administration of somatostatin on remission development in adult patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1, the somatostatin analog octreotide was given for two weeks after the establishment of the diagnosis at the daily dose of 150 microg subcutaneously in addition to the regular insulin and metabolic therapy. When compared to the control group, the remission was achieved earlier in the octreotide group (6+/-4 weeks vs. 11+/-12 weeks in the control group, p 0.05) and its duration was longer (99+/-49 weeks vs. 49+/-31 weeks in the control group, p 0.05). Moreover, remission also appeared in patients from the octreotide group with lower endogenous residual secretion of insulin (basal C peptide at the time of diagnosis in patients who later entered remission was 0.23+/-0.16 nmol/l vs. 0.34+/-.18 nmol/l in the control group, p<0.05). The increase of 24-h urine excretion of C-peptide after the therapy with octreotide was predictive for remission development. It can thus be concluded that octreotide administration in adults with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1 positively influences both the onset and duration of remission.
The impact of ESG principles on corporate reporting
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Plekhanov Russian University of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Plaskova N.S.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to solving a number of issues related to the procedure for disclosure of information regarding the environmental, social and managerial components of the strategic development of business entities for the purposes of ESG-rating of Russian companies according to integrated corporate reporting. The review of foreign and domestic methodological recommendations and special publications on the formation of the content of corporate reporting on sustainable development is presented. Methodological approaches and regulations for the preparation of reporting sections containing ESG information necessary to determine the rating of companies are described, which ensures an increase in their investment attractiveness, eliminates the asymmetry of disclosure of results and forecasts of business development in relation to various groups of interested users.
Features of recognition of doubtful debt in the tax accounting of medical organizations
Authors:   ", Shinkareva O.V. ,   Moscow City Pedagogical University",   , Moscow, Russia, Dikikh V.A. ,   "Moscow City Pedagogical University", Moscow, Russia, Kormacheva S.A. ,   "Moscow City Pedagogical University", Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of recognition of dubious debt in order to calculate the provision for dubious debts in the tax accounting of medical organizations. It is noted that the reserve can be created only by taxpayers who apply the accrual method when recognizing income and expenses on corporate tax. The concept of doubtful debt in tax accounting is considered. It was noted that the amount of doubtful debt includes overdue debt, taking into account value added tax, while according to Article 266 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, this debt should arise exclusively in connection with the provision of medical services, the performance of work or the sale of goods — other types of debt (for example, loans or paid raw materials) are not included in the amount of doubtful debt. Analyzed situations in which the organization has both overdue receivables and payables for the same counterparty. Practical examples of determining the amount of doubtful debt in tax accounting are considered.
Time to change the terms of the contract for the provision of paid medical services: a note to the accountant
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G. Plekhanov”, Ministry of Science and Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I. ,   Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2022

The law enforcement practice is considered, including in the field of paid medical services, concerning violations of consumer rights, including misleading the consumer about the actual quality and volume of additional services, the alternative possibility of their provision free of charge, limitation of the contractor’s liability, changes in the pre-trial procedure and jurisdiction of the dispute. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of legislation aimed at protecting consumer rights has been carried out: amendments to Article 16 of the Law “On Consumer Rights Protection” since September 1, 2022, concerning the clarification of unacceptable conditions of the consumer contract, prohibitions and obligations imposed on the performer infringing on consumer rights, have been considered. The analysis of the content of the contract for the provision of paid medical services is carried out.
“Brain Drain”: Causes, trends and their consequences in healthcare
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State University of Law (MSAL), Moscow, Russia, Chkhutiashvili L.V.
Published: November 2022

The author analyzes the causes, trends and their consequences of “brain drain” in healthcare. Today, the greatest brain drain is characteristic of the former European colonies of Africa and the Caribbean Islands, the socialist countries of Eastern Europe and the Russian Federation. The consequences of the “brain drain” can be attributed, for example, the loss of young minds, keeping pace with the times; the loss of cultural and scientific figures who could glorify their homeland in their activities; the receipt by other countries of highly qualified minds from other countries with foreign work experience; the decline in the level of scientific development of the emigrant country. The forms of “brain drain” are different. At the same time, a new form of emigration of the intelligentsia was born. In order to stop the brain drain, the Russian Federation offers scientists and experts to create additional opportunities to create their own research groups, increase academic mobility, strengthen the economy of small towns, increase the number of jobs and the number of modern research centers.
To the 20th anniversary of the labor code of the Russian Federation: results, problems and ways of improvement
Authors:   Faculty of Law of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Shuvalova I.A.
Published: November 2022

The article reveals a brief history of the creation and development of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The advantages, as well as some problems and contradictions of legal norms are considered, their practical solution is presented taking into account modern reality. It is impossible to cover all the issues in one article, so the emphasis is on the most significant aspects, according to the author.
Federal Sectoral Agreement on Higher Education Educational Organizations Needs Improvement
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, ATiSO, Moscow, Petrov A.Ya.
Published: November 2022

The article, based on the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the doctrine of modern labor law, analyzed the Federal Sectoral Agreement on educational organizations of higher education under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, identified duplicate and conflict norms, as well as other controversial aspects
Institutional principles of the employment contract
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Krasnoyarova E.V.
Published: November 2022

This article considers the meaning of the principles of law, their classification, the ratio of generally recognized principles of international labor law and national. The author made an attempt to formulate the basic institutional principles of the employment contract, analyze the norms of law, judicial practice, and also formulate proposals for improving labor legislation.
Comparative legal analysis of disciplinary measures of customs officials in the EAEU member states. Part 1
Authors:   Yaroslavl State University named after P.G. Demidov, Maksurov A.A.
Published: November 2022

The article highlights the peculiarities of bringing to disciplinary responsibility officials of the customs authorities of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Legal status of “unaffiliated” strikes in Germany
Authors:   Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Shemyakin R.K. , Izbienova T.A. ,   Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola
Published: November 2022

The article examines some issues in determining the legal status of 'unaffiliated' strikes in Germany. The German right to strike is extremely limited. Under German case law, 'unaffiliated' or 'wild' strikes — work stoppages not involving trade unions — are prohibited in Germany. The European Social Charter allows such work stoppages, and the Committee of Experts urges the German legislator to take into account the interests of workers who have joined together to defend their collective rights and take part in a strike even without the involvement of trade unions. Through long negotiations and attempts by workers to defend their professional interests the first court decisions on the relative legality of such strikes and the revision of the precedents of the Federal Labour Court of the last century are emerging.
Entrevista com a historiadora Mary Del Priore
Authors: Aquino Teles Ferreira Julio Cesar
Published: November 2022

Nessa entrevista, a historiadora brasileira Mary Del Priore (1952-) expõe sua trajetória acadêmica enquanto mulher. Ficamos imensamente agradecidos em ouvir uma historiadora que produziu trabalhos que transcendem o tempo e o espaço e que estão conectados com o universo feminino e feminista.