bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to intensive care units in Uganda: a descriptive nationwide multicentre prospective study
Authors: Atumanya Patience , Agaba Peter. K. , Mukisa John , Nakibuuka Jane , Kwizera Arthur , Sendagire Cornelius
Published: May 2024

Intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rates have decreased over time. However, in low-and lower-middle income countries (LMICs), there remains an excess ICU mortality with limited understanding of patient characteristics, treatments, and outcomes from small single centre studies. We aimed therefore, to describe the characteristics, therapies and outcomes of patients admitted to all intensive care units in Uganda. A nationwide prospective observational study including all patients admitted Uganda’s ICUs with available daily charts was conducted from 8th January 2018 to 1st April 2018. Socio-demographics and clinical characteristics including worst vital signs in the first 24 h of admission were recorded with calculation of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS-2) and quick Sequential Organ Function Assessment (qSOFA) score. ICU interventions were recorded during the ICU stay and patients were followed up to 28 days in ICU. The primary outcome was 28 day ICU mortality. Three-hundred fifty-one patients were analysed with mean age 39 (24.1) years, 205 (58.4%) males with 197 (56%) surgical admissions. The commonest indication for ICU admission was postoperative care (42.9%), 214 (61%) had at least one comorbidity, with hypertension 104 (48.6%) most prevalent and 35 (10%) HIV positive. The 28 day ICU mortality was 90/351 (25.6%) with a median ICU stay of 3 (1–7) days. The highest probability of death occurred during the first 10 days with more non-survivors receiving mechanical ventilation (80% vs 34%; p < 0.001), sedation/paralysis (70% vs 50%; p < 0.001), inotropic/vasopressor support (56.7% vs 22.2%; p < 0.001) and renal replacement therapy (14.4% vs 4.2%; p < 0.001). Independent predictors of ICU mortality included mechanical ventilation (HR 3.34, 95% CI 1.48–7.52), sedation/paralysis (HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.39–5.16), inotropes/vasopressor (HR 3.17,95% CI 1.89–5.29) and an HIV positive status (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.14–4.56). This study provides a comprehensive description of ICU patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in Uganda. It not only adds to the global body of knowledge on ICU care in resource-limited settings but also serves as a foundation for future research and policy initiatives aimed at optimizing ICU care in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Status of self-medication and the relevant factors regarding drug efficacy and safety as important considerations among adolescents aged 12–18 in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Diyue , Ge Pu , Li Xialei , Hong Wenying , Huang Mengjie , Zhu Lijun , Kaierdebieke Ayidana , Yu Wenbian , Qi Jiale , Pu Keping , Ling Rong , Pan LuTong , Sun Xinying , Wu Yibo , Feng Qiqin
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate self-medication behavior among Chinese adolescents aged 12–18 years and explore the factors associated with whether adolescents prioritize drug efficacy or safety when engaging in self-medication behavior. In 2021, a questionnaire investigation was conducted in the Chinese mainland using a multi-stage sampling approach. After a statistical description, logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with considering drug efficacy and safety. The self-medication rate among Chinese adolescents aged 12–18 years was 96.61%. Of these, 65.84% considered drug safety to be essential, while 58.72% prioritized drug efficacy. Regression analysis showed that individuals with better healthcare were more likely to consider drug efficacy an important factor. Additionally, those with a healthier family lifestyle were more likely to prioritize efficacy. When individuals engage in self-medication, those residing in urban areas and possessing advanced preventive health literacy and ample family health resources tend to prioritize drug safety to a greater extent. Conversely, those with higher monthly household incomes and only children exhibit a decreased inclination towards prioritizing safety during self-medication. Self-medication is a frequently observed practice among Chinese adolescents aged 12–18. Several factors, such as demographic and sociological characteristics, health literacy, and family health status, have been found to be associated with the extent to which adolescents prioritize medication safety and efficacy when engaging in self-medication practices. Higher levels of health literacy and better family health status were positively correlated with considering both the efficacy and safety of drugs as important factors when self-medicating.
Impact of cow, buffalo, goat or camel milk consumption on oxidative stress, inflammation and immune response post weaning time
Authors: Amr Maryam , Farid Alyaa
Published: May 2024

Milk is a whitish liquid that is secreted from mammary glands; and considered as the primary source of nutrition for newborns since they are not able to digest solid food. However, it contains primary nutrients, as well as growth and immune factors. Early weaning is a critical issue that face women and their babies in developing countries. To avoid infant malnutrition, they tend to use other milk types instead of baby formula. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of cow, buffalo, goat or camel milk consumption on oxidative stress, inflammation and immune response in male and female Sprague Dawley rats post weaning time. The amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and vitamins in the tested milk types were evaluated. Animals were divided into 5 groups (control, cow, buffalo, goat and camel milk administrated groups) (10 rats/group); each animal was administrated by 3.4 ml/day. Rats were administered with milk for 6 weeks; at the end of the 5th week, five animals of each group were isolated and the remaining five animals were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) and kept for another week to mount immune response. The effect of different milk types on rats’ immune response towards SRBCs was evaluated through pro-inflammatory cytokines, antioxidants, ESR and CRP measurement; together, with the histopathological examination of spleen samples and hemagglutination assay. Camel milk consumption reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in spleen that resulted from SRBCs immunization; in addition to, B cell stimulation that was apparent from the high level of anti-SRBCs antibodies. Camel milk is recommended for newborn consumption, due to its high-water content, unsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin C, as well as low lactose and fat content.
Post-Covid-19 condition (Long Covid) in children and young people 12 months after infection or reinfection with the Omicron variant: a prospective observational study
Authors: Pinto Pereira Snehal M. , Nugawela Manjula D. , Stephenson Terence , Foret-Bruno Paul , Dalrymple Emma , Xu Laila , Whittaker Elizabeth , Heyman Isobel , Ford Tamsin , Segal Terry , Chalder Trudie , Ladhani Shamez N. , Mensah Anna A. , McOwat Kelsey , Simmons Ruth ,   CLoCk Consortium, Buszewicz Marta , Crawley Esther , Garg Shruti , Hargreaves Dougal , Harnden Anthony , Levin Michael , Poustie Vanessa , Semple Malcolm , Sharma Kishan , De Stavola Bianca , Swann Olivia , Shafran Roz
Published: May 2024

Our previous study in children and young people (CYP) at 3- and 6-months post-infection showed that 12–16% of those infected with the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of SARS-CoV-2 met the research definition of Long Covid, with no differences between first-positive and reinfected CYP. The primary objective of the current study is to explore the impact of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection on young people 12 months post infection. 345 CYP aged 11–17 years with a first laboratory-confirmed infection with the Omicron variant and 360 CYP reinfected with the Omicron variant completed an online questionnaire assessing demographics, symptoms, and their impact shortly after testing and again at 3-, 6-and 12-months post-testing. Vaccination status was determined from information held at UKHSA. Comparisons between groups were made using chi-squared, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The most common symptoms in first-positive and reinfected CYP 12-months post-testing were tiredness (35.7 and 33.6% respectively) and sleeping difficulties (27.5 and 28.3% respectively). Symptom profiles, severity and impact were similar in the two infection status groups. Overall, by 12-months, 17.4% of first-positives and 21.9% of reinfected CYP fulfilled the research consensus Long Covid definition (p = 0.13). 12-months post Omicron infection, there is little difference between first-positive and reinfected CYP with respect to symptom profiles and impact. Clinicians may not therefore need to consider number of infections and type of variant when developing treatment plans. Further studies are needed to assess causality of reported symptoms up to 12-months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Mendelian randomisation and mediation analysis of self-reported walking pace and coronary artery disease
Authors: Timmins Iain R. , Zaccardi Francesco , Yates Thomas , Dudbridge Frank
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationship between habitual walking pace and cardiovascular disease risk using a Mendelian randomisation approach. We performed both one- and two-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses in a sample of 340,000 European ancestry participants from UK Biobank, applying a range of sensitivity analyses to assess pleiotropy and reverse causality. We used a latent variable framework throughout to model walking pace as a continuous exposure, despite being measured in discrete categories, which provided more robust and interpretable causal effect estimates. Using one-sample Mendelian randomisation, we estimated that a 1 mph (i.e., 1.6 kph) increase in self-reported habitual walking pace corresponds to a 63% (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.25–0.55, P = 2.0 × 10–6) reduction in coronary artery disease risk. Using conditional analyses, we also estimated that the proportion of the total effect on coronary artery disease mediated through BMI was 45% (95% CI 16–70%). We further validated findings from UK Biobank using two-sample Mendelian randomisation with outcome data from the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium. Our findings suggest that interventions that seek to encourage individuals to walk more briskly should lead to protective effects on cardiovascular disease risk.
Time-bin entanglement at telecom wavelengths from a hybrid photonic integrated circuit
Authors: Thiel Hannah , Jehle Lennart , Chapman Robert J. , Frick Stefan , Conradi Hauke , Kleinert Moritz , Suchomel Holger , Kamp Martin , Höfling Sven , Schneider Christian , Keil Norbert , Weihs Gregor
Published: May 2024

Mass-deployable implementations for quantum communication require compact, reliable, and low-cost hardware solutions for photon generation, control and analysis. We present a fiber-pigtailed hybrid photonic circuit comprising nonlinear waveguides for photon-pair generation and a polymer interposer reaching $${68}\,\hbox {dB}$$

68

dB

of pump suppression and photon separation based on a polarizing beam splitter with $$>{25}\,\hbox {dB}$$

>
25

dB

polarization extinction ratio. The optical stability of the hybrid assembly enhances the quality of the entanglement, and the efficient background suppression and photon routing further reduce accidental coincidences. We thus achieve a $$\left( 96_{-8}^{+3}\right) \%$$

96

-
8

+
3

%

concurrence and a $$\left( 96_{-5}^{+2}\right) \%$$

96

-
5

+
2

%

fidelity to a Bell state. The generated telecom-wavelength, time-bin entangled photon pairs are ideally suited for distributing Bell pairs over fiber networks with low dispersion.
Software implementation of systematic polar encoding based PKC-SPE cryptosystem for quantum cybersecurity
Authors: Redhu Ritu , Narwal Ekta , Gupta Shivani , Hooda Reena , Ahlawat Sonika , Khurana Rupali
Published: May 2024

The ever-growing threats in cybersecurity growing with the rapid development of quantum computing, necessitates the development of robust and quantum-resistant cryptographic systems. This paper introduces a novel cryptosystem, Public Key Cryptosystem based on Systematic Polar Encoding (PKC-SPE), based on the combination of systematic polar encoding and public-key cryptographic principles. The Systematic Polar Encoding (SPE), derived from the well-established field of polar codes, serves as the foundation for this proposed cryptographic scheme. Here, we have used MATLAB Software to introduce and implement the PKC-SPE Cryptosystem. The paper examines key generation, encryption, and decryption algorithms, providing insights into the adaptability and efficiency of systematic polar encoding in public-key cryptography. We assess the efficiency of the PKC-SPE Cryptosystem in three aspects: key size, computational complexity, and system implementation timings. In addition, we compare the PKC-SPE Cryptosystem with PKC-PC cryptosystem and find that it has reduced key sizes ($$P_{r}$$Pr= 0.8436 kbytes). The results obtained through simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed cryptosystem and highlighting its potential for integration into real-world communication systems. Thus, in the paradigm shift to quantum computing, the PKC-SPE cryptosystem emerges as a promising candidate to secure digital communication in the quantum computing era.
Comparing the clinical applicability of wavefront phase imaging in keratoconus versus normal eyes
Authors: Belda-Para Carolina , Velarde-Rodríguez Gonzalo , Velasco-Ocaña Miriam , Trujillo-Sevilla Juan M. , Rodríguez-Méndez Iván , Rodríguez-Martin Javier , Alejandre-Alba Nicolas , Rodríguez-García Silvia , Rodríguez-Ramos José M.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this work is to quantitatively assess the wavefront phase of keratoconic eyes measured by the ocular aberrometer t·eyede (based on WaveFront Phase Imaging Sensor), characterized by a lateral resolution of 8.6 µm without requiring any optical element to sample the wavefront information. We evaluated the parameters: root mean square error, Peak-to-Valley, and amplitude of the predominant frequency (Fourier Transform analysis) of a section of the High-Pass filter map in keratoconic and healthy cohorts. Furthermore, we have analyzed keratoconic eyes that presented dark–light bands in this map to assess their period and orientation with the Fourier Transform. There are significant statistical differences (p value < 0.001) between healthy and keratoconic eyes in the three parameters, demonstrating a tendency to increase with the severity of the disease. Otherwise, the quantification of the bands reveals that the width is independent of eye laterality and keratoconic stage as orientation, which tends to be oblique. In conclusion, the quantitative results obtained with t·eyede could help to diagnose and monitor the progression of keratoconus.
Diagnosing an overcrowded emergency department from its Electronic Health Records
Authors: Marzano Luca , Darwich Adam S. , Jayanth Raghothama , Sven Lethvall , Falk Nina , Bodeby Patrik , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: May 2024

Emergency department overcrowding is a complex problem that persists globally. Data of visits constitute an opportunity to understand its dynamics. However, the gap between the collected information and the real-life clinical processes, and the lack of a whole-system perspective, still constitute a relevant limitation. An analytical pipeline was developed to analyse one-year of production data following the patients that came from the ED (n = 49,938) at Uppsala University Hospital (Uppsala, Sweden) by involving clinical experts in all the steps of the analysis. The key internal issues to the ED were the high volume of generic or non-specific diagnoses from non-urgent visits, and the delayed decision regarding hospital admission caused by several imaging assessments and lack of hospital beds. Furthermore, the external pressure of high frequent re-visits of geriatric, psychiatric, and patients with unspecified diagnoses dramatically contributed to the overcrowding. Our work demonstrates that through analysis of production data of the ED patient flow and participation of clinical experts in the pipeline, it was possible to identify systemic issues and directions for solutions. A critical factor was to take a whole systems perspective, as it opened the scope to the boundary effects of inflow and outflow in the whole healthcare system.
Large-scale analysis of small molecule-RNA interactions using multiplexed RNA structure libraries
Authors: Nagasawa Ryosuke , Onizuka Kazumitsu , Komatsu Kaoru R. , Miyashita Emi , Murase Hirotaka , Ojima Kanna , Ishikawa Shunya , Ozawa Mamiko , Saito Hirohide , Nagatsugi Fumi
Published: May 2024

The large-scale analysis of small-molecule binding to diverse RNA structures is key to understanding the required interaction properties and selectivity for developing RNA-binding molecules toward RNA-targeted therapies. Here, we report a new system for performing the large-scale analysis of small molecule–RNA interactions using a multiplexed pull-down assay with RNA structure libraries. The system profiled the RNA-binding landscapes of G-clamp and thiazole orange derivatives, which recognizes an unpaired guanine base and are good probes for fluorescent indicator displacement (FID) assays, respectively. We discuss the binding preferences of these molecules based on their large-scale affinity profiles. In addition, we selected combinations of fluorescent indicators and different ranks of RNA based on the information and screened for RNA-binding molecules using FID. RNAs with high- and intermediate-rank RNA provided reliable results. Our system provides fundamental information about small molecule–RNA interactions and facilitates the discovery of novel RNA-binding molecules.
The collective photothermal effect of silver nanoparticles probed by a microbolometer
Authors: Zhu Hanliang , Gablech Evelína , Gablech Imrich , Neuzil Pavel
Published: May 2024

Nanoparticles have become a significant area of research, offering properties that bridge the gap between bulk materials and atomic structures. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), specifically, have shown promise due to their plasmonic properties. Despite extensive studies, capturing the photon-to-heat conversion efficiency of individual nanoparticles has been challenging. Here, we present an approach to determine these properties using an ultra-sensitive bolometer with a power resolution of ≈26 pW. Our investigations reveal that a single AgNP can dissipate power with a magnitude between ≈101.3 fW and ≈205.3 fW, an observation that underscores the potential of these particles for efficient energy conversion. This finding enhances the understanding of AgNPs’ behavior and pushes the field of nanoparticle plasmon physics forward. Therefore, the refined use of such nanoparticles could bring advancements across a range of applications, from high-resolution imaging and advanced spectroscopy to environmental surveillance and innovative medical treatments.
Carbon-coated nickel phosphide with enriched surface Niδ+ sites enables an exceptionally high productivity of 2-methylfuran from biomass upgrading
Authors: Yang Xu , Liu Wu , Su Shuyi , Li Jinfeng , Wang Xiaoyang , Lian Mengjie , Miao Lei
Published: May 2024

A carbon-coated nickel phosphide composite catalyst, Ni2P@C, was fabricated by a PVP-assisted pyrolysis–phosphidation of Ni-MOF, affording an exceptionally high-efficiency production of 2-methylfuran via HDO of furfuryl alcohol at mild temperature.
A large-capacity, superhigh-rate integrated lithium metal anode with top-down composition gradient enabled by polyantimonic acid
Authors: Zhang Yueying , Guo Yi , Yong Kai , Wang Qian , Yao Meng , Zhang Yun , Wu Hao
Published: May 2024

Lattice-water-containing polyantimonic acid is found to favor the construction of a large-capacity and superhigh-rate integrated Li-metal anode with unique top-down composition gradient of Li2O–LiOH–Li3Sb/Li via spontaneous phase separation process.
A highly efficient and reusable amorphous Pd(ii)/crystal Pd(0)-grafted porous polymer framework for catalytic CO2 cycloaddition
Authors: Sarkar Somnath , Ghosh Swarbhanu , Mondal Titu , Khan Aslam , Islam Sk. Manirul
Published: May 2024

Herein, we have developed an elegant strategy to heterogenize a homogeneously active Pd-based catalyst via decoration on a porous polymer framework for the cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides to cyclic carbonates under mild and solvent-free conditions.
Facile assembly of BiOI/GO composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity for NO photooxidation under visible light irradiation
Authors: Nava-Núñez M. Y. , López-Cuéllar E. , Martínez-de la Cruz A.
Published: May 2024

Mechanisms of photocatalytic dye degradation on a BiOI/GO photocatalyst.
Collagenase motors in gelatine-based hydrogels
Authors: Wang Nanying , Floriano Marcelino Thaís , Ade Carina , Pendlmayr Stefan , Ramos Docampo Miguel A. , Städler Brigitte
Published: May 2024

Motors equipped with collagenase trapped in polymer brushes exhibit high speeds of up to ∼15 μm s−1 in stiff gelatine hydrogels when activated with calcium, showing potential as effective carriers for drug delivery across the extracellular matrix.
Modulating luminescence through anion variation in lead-free Cs2NaInX6 (X = Cl, Br, and I) perovskites: a first-principles study
Authors: Yin Desheng , Gao Zhenren , Xu Changfu , Lyu Pengbo , Sun Lizhong
Published: May 2024

The luminescence performance of A2B+B′3+X6-type lead-free halide perovskite Cs2NaInCl6 can be effectively modulated and enhanced through anion variation.
Unleashing the promise of emerging nanomaterials as a sustainable platform to mitigate antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Rahman Sazedur , Sadaf Somya , Hoque Md Enamul , Mishra Akash , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar , Malafaia Guilherme , Singh Jagpreet
Published: May 2024

The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant (AR) bacterial strains and biofilm-associated diseases have heightened concerns about exploring alternative bactericidal methods.
Bacterial cell death to overcome drug resistance with multitargeting bis-naphthalimides as potent antibacterial agents against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Luxami Vijay , Paul Kamaldeep
Published: May 2024

The increasing frequency of drug-resistant pathogens poses serious health issues to humans around the globe, leading to the development of new antibacterial agents to conquer drug resistance and bacterial infections.
Mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for simultaneously imaging viscosity and sulfite in inflammation models
Authors: Peng Zixiong , Zhang Dan , Yang Hang , Zhou Zhe , Wang Feiyi , Wang Zhao , Ren Jun , Wang Erfei
Published: May 2024

A dual-response fluorescent probe (ES) was developed for efficient detection of viscosity and sulfur dioxide while targeting mitochondria well.
Remediate and sense: alginate beads empowered by portable electrochemical strips for copper ion removal and detection at environmental sites
Authors: Raucci Ada , Metitiero Mayla , Cuzzi Chiara , Kalligosfyri Panagiota M. , Messina Marianna , Spinelli Michele , Amoresano Angela , Woo Sheridan L. , Cacciotti Ilaria , Cinti Stefano
Published: May 2024

The combination of portable electrochemical strip, alginate spheres and 3D-printing architecture is able to remediate and sense polluted area at the point of need.
Electroactive polymer tag modified nanosensors for enhanced intracellular ATP detection
Authors: Kang Yi-Ran , Jiao Yu-Ting , Zhao Chen-Fei , Zhang Xin-Wei , Huang Wei-Hua
Published: May 2024

We developed a simple and effective electrochemical signal amplification strategy for intracellular ATP quantification, which replaces the regular ATP aptamer-linked ferrocene monomer to a polymer on electrochemical nanosensors.
Uniform colloidal synthesis of highly branched chiral gold nanoparticles
Authors: Song Qing , Liu Bing
Published: May 2024

A cysteine-assisted seeded growth process was present for synthesizing highly branched but monodisperse gold nanoparticles, which show blackbody-like absorption and chirality simultaneously and hold great potential for photothermal applications.
Oxalic acid as a dual C1 surrogate for heterogeneous palladium-catalyzed tandem four-component quinazolinone synthesis
Authors: Sheetal  , Sharma Poonam , Kumar Ashish , Sharma Navneet , Giri Kousik , Das Pralay
Published: May 2024

A Pd-catalyzed four-component dual carbonylative approach for cascade synthesis of 2-aryl quinazolinones has been developed with ammonium carbamate as an ammonia precursor and oxalic acid as a bifunctional reagent acting as CO and C-atom surrogate.
Extension of nature's NIR-I chromophore into the NIR-II region
Authors: Siwawannapong Kittipan , Diers James R. , Magdaong Nikki Cecil M. , Nalaoh Phattananawee , Kirmaier Christine , Lindsey Jonathan S. , Holten Dewey , Bocian David F.
Published: May 2024

Two annulated bacteriochlorin isomers exhibit profoundly different spectral and photophysical features, which are attributed to the absence or presence of electronic (and vibronic) mixing of x- and y-polarized transitions/states.
One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis of Si NWs@C core/shell anodes without additional catalysts by the oxide-assisted growth mechanism for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Fang Zhou , Zhou Peng , Tian Yirong , Fang Huachan , Zhang Qianqian
Published: May 2024

Through a one-step CVD procedure, Si NPs were grown into Si NWs by an OAG mechanism and these are subsequently coated with carbon.
Valence tautomeric interconversion of bis-dioxolene cobalt complex with imino-pyridine functionalized by TEMPO moiety in solid solutions with isostructural nickel analogue: phase transitions and monocrystal destruction
Authors: Bubnov Michael P. , Zolotukhin Alexey A. , Fukin Georgy K. , Rumyantcev Roman V. , Bogomyakov Artem S.
Published: May 2024

Valence tautomeric interconversion taking place in the solid solutions of the cobalt complex in the inert nickel matrix maintains the hysteresis loop. All the crystals destruct upon cooling down to the transition temperature.
GAM-7: an organic–inorganic hybrid layered aluminophosphate crystal formed by zeolite transformation
Authors: Komura Kenichi , Nakai Gensuke , Shimizu Soki , Nomura Matsuri , Niwa Shiori , Kagari Sanae , Oka Kazuma , Imai Edo , Aoki Hisakazu , Ikeda Takuji
Published: May 2024

The interzeolite conversion (IZC) of metallo- and aluminophosphate zeolites was demonstrated using a non-cyclic secondary amine, diisopropylamine, as the organic structure-directing agent (OSDA).
Tunable photo/thermochromic properties of Cd(ii)-viologen coordination polymers modulated by coordination modes for flexible imaging films and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Huang Li , Li Xiao-Nan , Shen Yuan , Hua Yang , Song Run-Hong , Cui Wen-Bo , Li Zi-Yi , Zhang Hong
Published: May 2024

Two Cd(ii)-viologen frameworks modulated by coordination modes with tunable photo/thermochromic properties for flexible imaging films and anti-counterfeiting.
Synthesis and catalytic properties of palladium(ii) complexes with P,π-chelating ferrocene phosphinoallyl ligands and their non-tethered analogues
Authors: Škoch Karel , Antala Jakub , Císařová Ivana , Štěpnička Petr
Published: May 2024

Palladium(ii) complexes with P,η3-chelating phosphinoallyl ligands and their non-tethered analogues were prepared and tested in Pd-catalysed allylic amination and Suzuki–Miyaura reactions.
Monitoring structure and coordination chemistry of Co4O4-based oxygen evolution catalysts by nitrogen-14/-15 and cobalt-59 NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Uhlig Felix , Stammler Michael B. , Meurer Florian , Shenderovich Ilya G. , Blahut Jan , Wisser Florian M.
Published: May 2024

Unprecedented insight into the structural features of cobalt-based oxygen evolution catalysts using high-field MAS NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The isolation of the catalyst in an amorphous host causes a threefold increase in its activity.
Heterocyclic compounds as xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the management of hyperuricemia: synthetic strategies, structure–activity relationship and molecular docking studies (2018–2024)
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Debnath Rabin , Chawla Viney , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: May 2024

Hyperuricemia is characterized by higher-than-normal levels of uric acid in the bloodstream.
α-Hydroxydimethylacetal/ketal as an α-hydroxycarbonyl equivalent in interrupted Heyns/Amadori rearrangement: regioselective synthesis of substituted C2- and C3-acylindoles
Authors: Altia Minakshi , Anbarasan Pazhamalai
Published: May 2024

The in-situ generated aminoenol intermediate has been intramolecularly trapped with ketones/aldehydes for the synthesis of C2- and C3-acylindoles.
Practical synthesis of isoindolines yields potent colistin potentiators for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Dutta Somnath , Eyolfson Samantha , Zhu Yuhang , Gao Yuefeng , Wang Xiang
Published: May 2024

Implementing isoindole umpolung, diverse isoindoline derivatives are obtained with good yields via one-pot transition metal-free mild-condition reduction. 3k and 3n were found to resensitize multidrug-resistant A. baumannii to colistin.
Highly enantio- and diastereoselective construction of spirocyclic oxindoles via a palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative asymmetric [4 + 2] annulation strategy
Authors: You Pengyuan , Liu Minjie , Zhang Ke , Yang Fan , Tan Zequn , Chen Fener
Published: May 2024

We developed an asymmetric [4 + 2] annulation reaction of methyleneindolinones with precursors of oxo-1,4-dipole, for which geometric purity of methyleneindolinones was not necessary.
Borrowing hydrogen C-alkylation with secondary saturated heterocyclic alcohols
Authors: François Jordan , Jacolot Maïwenn , Popowycz Florence
Published: May 2024

Access to functionalized saturated N- and O-heterocycles via the metal catalyzed borrowing hydrogen methodology.
Lewis acid catalyzed Markovnikov hydrobromination and hydrochlorination of alkynes using TMSX (X = Br, Cl)
Authors: Shen Dalong , Cao Dehai , Zhang Ruizeng , Bai Peiyuan , Liu Zhenxing
Published: May 2024

Lewis acid catalyzed Markovnikov hydrobromination and hydrochlorination of alkynes were achieved using TMSX (X = Br, Cl) as the halogenation reagents instead of corrosive HX (X = Br, Cl).
Recent progress of electrospun nanofibers as burning dressings
Authors: Zhang Shengwei , Yang Wei , Gong Wenjian , Lu Yuhang , Yu Deng-Guang , Liu Ping
Published: May 2024

Burns are a global public health problem, which brings great challenges to public health and the economy.
A general strategy to prepare macro-/mesoporous materials from thermoplastic elastomer blends
Authors: Griffin Anthony , Robertson Mark , Frame Parker , Ma Guorong , Green Kevin A. , Han Zhiqian , Morgan Sarah E. , Gu Xiaodan , Wang Meng , Qiang Zhe
Published: May 2024

This work demonstrates a simple method to prepare hierarchically porous materials. The introduction of macropores in mesoporous matrix enables its improved sorbent performance against pollutants for water remediation.
Guidance on the Effective Collaboration With Interpreters and Translators in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Alani Salim , Boyer Valerie E. , Harten Ana Claudia , Franca Maria Claudia , Stierwalt Julie A. G. , Pegoraro-Krook Maria Inês
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this literature review is to guide speech-language pathologists (SLPs) on how to increase effective collaboration with interpreters and translators in order to enhance communication with clients and significant others from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.

Method:

A review of definitions of interpretation and translations and practical guidance on certifications and collaborative practices within a health literacy framework approach is described. Strategies to build effective and ethical SLP–interpreter/translator working relationships are reviewed.

Results:

Findings emphasize the importance of interprofessional collaboration between SLPs and interpreters/translators. When working with professional interpreters/translators, SLPs application of a brief–intervention–debrief framework, use of plain language, and knowledge of local and national training and practice requirements, are identified as mechanisms to enhance effective and ethical collaboration.

Conclusion:

Effective collaboration with interpretation and translation services should be a key component of clinical practice to ensure that health information is clearly understood by clients and families.
Professionalism in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Consideration of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Access
Authors: Lee Sue Ann S. , Byrd Amanda Jordan , Babatsouli Elena , Gregory-Martin Kyomi , Wright Monica Echeverry
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

This tutorial aims to provide an in-depth discussion of professionalism in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) with consideration of diversity, equity, inclusion, and access. Students, practitioners, and faculty in CSD are taught and held to expectations of professionalism. However, criteria for professionalism often do not fully consider diversity, equity, inclusion, and access.

Method:

Relevant literature on professionalism and diversity, equity, and inclusion is reviewed and summarized. Case scenarios are also shared to provide examples of how these aspects are not currently considered in the discipline of CSD.

Results:

The current definitions of professionalism are vague and oftentimes exclude cultural differences. Because the majority of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association membership and leadership groups are from the mainstream culture, the definitions and attributes of professional norms have been influenced by mainstream culture.

Conclusions:

Recent publications on professionalism and professional behavior in medicine have discussed the impact of racialized professionalism norms on increasing diversity of medical students and trainees. It is imperative to resonate such issues in the CSD profession, because there is a growing number of students and practitioners from minority groups. This tutorial addresses how the discipline of CSD can reflect cultural responsiveness to the standards for students, practitioners, and faculty. Several solutions are suggested.
Deployment of a full‐size converter utilised hydropower plant to enhance inter‐area oscillation damping
Authors: Fank Daniel , Renner Herwig
Published: May 2024

Due to the increasing share of inverter‐based renewable energy sources and the increased retrofitting of conventional hydropower plants with power electronics, novel possibilities arise for providing damping power in case of occurring inter‐area oscillations in power systems. This paper presents a complete model of a variable‐speed hydropower plant (VSHP) in a single‐machine infinite bus system. The demonstrated analytical model is applied for small‐signal stability analysis that contains all relevant converter dynamics and is verified by an additional non‐linear time‐domain simulation. The damping controller approach located in the full‐size converter (FSC) consists of the classical power system stabilizer with additional phase compensation, to which an appropriate wide‐area input signal is fed via a phasor measurement unit device. Subsequently, the FSC‐VSHP with additional damping algorithm is examined with respect to the significantly higher damping performance with regard to inter‐area modes in a three‐machine model.
A fading radius valley towards M dwarfs, a persistent density valley across stellar types
Authors: Venturini J. , Ronco M. P. , Guilera O. M. , Haldemann J. , Mordasini C. , Miller Bertolami M.
Published: May 2024

The radius valley separating super-Earths from mini-Neptunes is a fundamental benchmark for theories of planet formation and evolution. Observations show that the location of the radius valley decreases with decreasing stellar mass and with increasing orbital period. Here, we build on our previous pebble-based formation model. Combined with photoevaporation after disc dispersal, it has allowed us to unveil the radius valley as a separator between rocky and water-worlds. In this study, we expand our model for a range of stellar masses spanning from 0.1 to 1.5 M⊙. We find that the location of the radius valley is well described by a power-law in stellar mass as Rvalley = 1.8197 M⋆0.14(+0.02/−0.01), which is in excellent agreement with observations. We also find very good agreement with the dependence of the radius valley on orbital period, both for FGK and M dwarfs. Additionally, we note that the radius valley gets filled towards low stellar masses, particularly at 0.1–0.4 M⊙, yielding a rather flat slope in Rvalley − Porb. This is the result of orbital migration occurring at lower planet mass for less massive stars, which allows for low-mass water-worlds to reach the inner regions of the system, blurring the separation in mass (and size) between rocky and water worlds. Furthermore, we find that for planetary equilibrium temperatures above 400 K, the water in the volatile layer exists fully in the form of steam, puffing the planet radius up (as compared to the radii of condensed-water worlds). This produces an increase in planet radii of ∼30% at 1 M⊕ and of ∼15% at 5 M⊕ compared to condensed-water worlds. As with Sun-like stars, we find that pebble accretion leaves its imprint on the overall exoplanet population as a depletion of planets with intermediate compositions (i.e. water mass fractions of ∼0 − 20%), carving an planet-depleted diagonal band in the mass-radius (MR) diagrams. This band is better visualised when plotting the planet’s mean density in terms of an Earth-like composition. This change in coordinates causes the valley to emerge for all the stellar mass cases.
Risk Analysis of Rice Farming at Volcano Semeru Area, Pronojiwo District, Lumajang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ariadi Bambang Yudi , Relawati Rahayu , Rozaki Zuhud , Rahmawati Nur , Jani Yahya , Al Zarliani Wa Ode
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to analyze the production and financial risks of paddy rice farming in Pronojiwo district, Lumajang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted in March to May 2021, after the case of Semeru eruption in December 2020. The villages sample were Oro-Oro Ombo and Supiturang, the two most affected by the Mount Semeru lava flow. Primary data were obtained from the amount of 95 respondents chosen randomly. The risk of production and financial were analyzed by Coefficient of Variation (CV). Meanwhile, the factors affecting farm risk is analyzed by using regression method. The result of production risk on paddy rice farming in Pronojiwo, Lumajang Regency shows a low risk, namely indicated by CV of 35.38 %. However, the farm income risk is much higher, indicated by CV of 79.08 %. The factors affecting production risk is usage of chemical fertilizer. The increased number of chemical fertilizer will increase production risk of rice farming.
Growth Performance of Tilapia Fed Commercial Feed with Cellulolytic Bacteria from Ruminants
Authors: Prasetyo Dony , Zubaidah Anis , Putra Rachardian Dwi Cahya , Anne Olga , Ariansyah Firdaus
Published: May 2024

Bacteria have the ability to decompose cellulose into glucose monomers and make it a carbon source and energy source. Cellulolytic bacteria are found in the digestive tract of ruminants. Utilization of cellulolytic bacteria as a producer of cellulase enzymes can be applied to fish to increase feed digestibility so that it can support growth. Cellulolytic bacteria isolated from ruminant were introduced to tilapia through feed. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. A total of 25 tilapia with a length of 10 cm were kept in each aquarium with a capacity of 250 L for 2 mo. During feed maintenance, cellulolytic bacteria were added at a dose of 1 %, 2 %, 3 % and without bacteria as a control. The specific growth rate of tilapia treated with 2 % and 3 % bacteria significantly increased. The feed was more efficiently utilized by tilapia when compared to that without the addition of cellulolytic bacteria or at a dose of 1 %. The amount of feed consumption did not differ between treatments, while the survival rate of tilapia treated with bacteria was significantly higher than without bacteria. Cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of ruminants added to commercial feed significantly improved the growth performance of tilapia.
Recent Research Progress on Sustainable Energy Management System Based on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Authors: Yandri Erkata , Pramono Kukuh Priyo , Sihombing Very , Effendi Luqmanul Hakim , Ardianto Denis , Setyobudi Roy Hendroko , Suherman Suherman , Wahono Satriyo Krido , Wibowo Haryo , Garfansa Marchel Putra , Farzana Afrida Rizka
Published: May 2024

Energy Management Systems (EMS) have become increasingly important in efforts to address global energy challenges, such as increasing energy demand and climate change. EMS can be used to improve energy efficiency; reduce greenhouse gas emissions; and increase energy security. The purpose of the research is to review the latest research progress which focuses on EMS from various sectors based on energy efficiency and renewable energy. This research method involves four steps: selecting the EMS topic, searching for related papers using keywords on Google Scholar; summarizing and categorizing the obtained papers, and creating a table for easy understanding of the collected research; followed by analysis and discussion. As a result, recent research progress on sustainable EMS has been discussed, emphasizing categories like IoT; cloud data; controllers; reinforcement learning; renewable energy sources; energy storage; energy trading; and dashboards. The focus in EMS studies lies on IoT devices; controllers; reinforcement learning; and renewable energy; with less emphasis on energy trading and dashboards. The primary objective is to facilitate energy use tracking for users in various sectors, enabling them to assess efficiency and cost-effectiveness. This review facilitates energy tracking across diverse sectors for users, enabling evaluation of efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Efforts to Control Salmonellosis Through the Supplementation of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith Extract in Feed for Broiler Chicken Health
Authors: Rahayu Imbang Dwi , Widodo Wahyu , Sutanto Adi , Mariyam Dewi , Yaro Abubakar
Published: May 2024

The study aims to control Salmonellosis through the addition of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith extract as a feed additive to maintain the health of broilers’ visceral organs and blood serum. An experimental method was employed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which included five treatments: T0 (basal diet), T1 (basal diet + S. enteridis infection), T2 (basal diet + S. enteridis infection + 0.33 % Z. zerumbet extract), T3 (basal diet + S. enteridis infection + 0.67 % Z. zerumbet extract), and T4 (basal diet + S. enteridis infection + 1 % Z. zerumbet extract). Each treatment was repeated five times. As a result, the treatments affected the percentage of spleen and bursa weight. The highest percentage of spleen weight was found in T1, and the highest percentage of bursa weight was indicated in T3. The treatment did not affect the serum biochemistry variables, except for globulins, whose highest level was found in T4. It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Z. zerumbet is a potentially safe feed additive for the control of Salmonellosis in broiler chickens.
Performance Evaluation on Agricultural Counseling Agents in Palopo City and Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rosa Imelda , Sapar Sapar , Sutawi Sutawi , Ariadi Bambang Yudi , Widodo Wahyu , Ekawati Ida , Neimane Leila , Pakarti Trias Agung , Tonda Rusli , Basir Adil , Harahap Burhanuddin , Putri Asgami , Hawayanti Erni , Ivana Ivana , Sebayang Nico Syahputra
Published: May 2024

Having a key part in a nation’s economy, agriculture has been striving with innovations for global needs. Competent agricultural counseling agents are among them as they function to modernize farmers in terms of knowledge, skill, and technology by transforming their ways of thinking, work ethics, attitudes, and behaviors. This study researched 117 respondents in Palopo City and Luwu Regency. Organized as per Likert scale, data was run through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by employing Smart-PLS application. The result on Hypothesis 1 came out with tStatistic 3.286 > tTable 1.986 with P value of 0.002 < 0.05 – in other words, agricultural counseling agent’s competence is positively and significantly influential towards agricultural counseling agent’s performance. As of Hypothesis 2, the result was tStatistic 2.312 > tTable 1.986 with P value of 0.021 < 0.05 – this indicates that agricultural counseling information system management is positively and significantly influential towards agricultural counseling agent’s performance. It is therefore recommended to optimize both agricultural counseling agent’s competence and agricultural counseling information system management to improve the performance of agricultural counseling agents in Palopo City and Luwu Regency.
Mapping analysis of biomass potential on Java Island for supporting power plant: A review
Authors: Triani Meiri , Nurfanani Ach. , Aditya Indra Ardhanayudha , Widayat Widayat , Susanty Aries , Kristianingsih Intan , Hasibuan Pramudita Sidik , Dalanta Febio , Silviana S.
Published: May 2024

The utilization of biomass residue for energy production holds significant importance within the context of sustainable energy initiatives in Indonesia, aligning with the guidelines set forth in Government Regulation No. 79 of 2014 on national energy development. This paper aims to comprehensively review the mapping analysis of biomass potential on Java to support fueling the steam powerplants, with biomass energy sources. This study also places emphasis on the assessment of residual resources, considering it a strategic tool to delineate their distribution and contribute to achieving the mandated target of biofuel constituting over 5% of the total energy supply by 2025. The methodology introduced in this review aims to outline a systematic approach for evaluating energy production from biomass residue, positioning it as a critical element in the country’s energy development trajectory. The estimation of overall residue availability relies on a combination of statistical data and on-site observations. Additionally, the determination of key parameters such as residue-to-product ratio, moisture content, and heating value draws insights from relevant scholarly works. Through this comprehensive analytical approach, the study seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted aspects associated with the utilization of biomass residue for energy production.
Risk Management on Sustainable Corn Supply Chains: Evidence from Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Muttaqien Zuhri Nur , Puspita Nurul , Imam Santoso Wahyu , Khamdi Ali , Maulida Suci Ayomi Nun
Published: May 2024

This study aims to assess the risks involved in sustainable corn supply chains in Central Java, Indonesia, and minimize them. To identify risk events and agents in the sustainability aspect, the House of Risk (HOR) approach was used, starting with mapping the activities of hybrid corn supply chain actors. Possible risks in the mixed corn supply chain were identified from related studies and validated by industry and academic experts. Twenty-two risk events and fifteen risk agents were identified from the findings. In the social dimension, there were five risk events and three risk agents; in the economic dimension, there were seven risk agents and fourteen risk events; and in the environmental dimension, there were three risk events and five risk agents. In HOR phase I, labor negligence (A5) has the lowest Aggregate Risk Priority (ARP) value, while high production cost (A14) is the risk agent with the highest ARP value. Fifteen mitigation solutions were also proposed in HOR phase II. Nine mitigation technique steps were selected from the recommended solutions based on effectiveness to difficulty (ETD) scores to prevent risks. The highest priority risk mitigation technique is to find another raw material supplier (PA6).