bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of bariatric surgery on cardiac function, 10-year and lifetime arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with obesity: a retrospective study in Chinese population
Authors: Wang Qianyun , Yang Wah , Chen Yuan , Liu Junqing , Zhou Chaofan , Dong Zhiyong , Wang Cunchuan , Guo Jun
Published: June 2022

Background
Obesity contributes to cardiac dysfunction and has an impact on arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) may not only influence cardiac function, but also ASCVD risk. Very few studies considered the Chinese population. The primary objective was to examine the effect of surgical weight reduction on cardiac function and structure in Chinese subjects with obesity. The secondary objectives was to evaluate the impact of BS on ASCVD risk, employing the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equation.
Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis of 143 patients with obesity were included in the analysis. According to the follow-up time, the enrolled patients were divided into three groups: < 12 months were defined as T1 group (n = 52); 12–24 months was defined as T2 group (n = 53); > 24 months was defined as T3 group (n = 38). The effects of BS on the cardiac function were evaluated by analyzing the echocardiographic parameters. The China-PAR equation was used to calculate ASCVD risk. Assessed the differences in variables before and after surgery. Linear regression analyses were used to find potential determinants associated with an LV function and geometry change.
Results
After BS, body mass index decreased (39.7 ± 8.0 kg/m2 to 28.4 ± 6.4 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased (152.0 ± 19.9 mmHg to 116.5 ± 13.6 mmHg, P < 0.001, and 94.1 ± 12.6 mmHg to 76.8 ± 12.2 mmHg, P < 0.001, respectively). Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) decreased (43.7 ± 16.4 g/m2.7 to 37.8 ± 13.4 g/m2.7, P < 0.001). The change in LVMI was correlated with the change in BMI (R2 = 0.14, P < 0.001). 10-year and lifetime ASCVD risk decreased [3.7% (1.0-11.2) to 0.2% (0.1–0.8), P < 0.001, and 44.2% (34.5–56.9) to 10.7% (9.0-13.7), P < 0.001, respectively].
The pressure field as a methodology for fluid management and red cell preservation during cardiac surgery
Authors: Woodford Stephen F , Butlin Mark , Wei Bai , Chao Wei , Avolio Alberto
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Anemia and red cell transfusion contribute to morbidity and mortality of surgery. The concept of patient blood management to mitigate preoperative anemia, optimize coagulation, conserve red cells intraoperatively and accept lower post-operative transfusion thresholds has recently gained widespread acceptance across a range of surgical disciplines. Fluid administration is likely to contribute significantly to perioperative anemia and red-cell transfusion requirements, yet a robust basis for managing fluid administration in this context has not been articulated. There is an urgent need for this. Methods:We developed ‘the pressure field method’ as a novel approach to guiding the administration of fluid and drugs to optimize tissue perfusion. The pressure field method was used for the intraoperative management of 67 patients undergoing semi-elective cardiac surgery. We retrospectively compared intraoperative anemia and transfusion requirements in this cohort with a conventional group of 413 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Results:In the pressure field group, no patients required transfusion whereas in the conventional group, 16% required transfusion during bypass with an average of 2.4 units of packed red cells (P < 0.0001). The average decrease in hemoglobin in the pressure field group was only 13 g/L, whereas in the conventional group it was 52 g/L (P < 0.0001). 80% of the pressure field group received no intravenous fluid during cardiac surgery, and the average intraoperative fluid load was 160 mL.Conclusion:The pressure field method appears to significantly reduce transfusion requirements due to decreased intraoperative fluid loading.
Distal aortic replacement followed by endovascular repair for the management of severe intra-pleural adhesions accidentally detected during open surgery for chronic type B aortic dissection: A report of two cases
Authors: Daimon Masahiro , Shimada Ryo , Motohashi Yoshikazu , Uchida Hiroaki , Ozawa Hideki , Katsumata Takahiro
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOpen repair is the most promising curative treatment option for patients with chronic type B aortic dissection. However, based on our experience, following the accidental detection of intra-pleural adhesions during open surgery for chronic type B aortic dissection, complete replacement of the diseased aorta cannot be accomplished. To overcome this problem, we switched the procedure to create a distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair by replacing the distal aorta with a vascular graft. Case presentationWe report two cases in which open repair was attempted; however, the proximal descending thoracic aorta could not be exposed due to the presence of severe adhesion in the pleural cavity. In these patients, we accessed the lower descending thoracic aorta or thoracoabdominal aorta and created a distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair by replacing the aorta with a vascular graft. Thereafter, endovascular repair was performed with good outcomes.ConclusionsReplacement of the distal aorta, which is typically easy to access despite the presence of intra-pleural adhesions, with a vascular graft serves as a reliable distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair. This method may be a viable option for the management of severe adhesions accidentally detected in the pleural cavity during open repair for chronic type B aortic dissection.
The validation of the Arabic Version of the Resilience Scale 14 (RS-14)
Authors: Honein-AbouHaidar Gladys , Bou-Hamad Imad , Dhaini Suzanne , Davidson Patricia , Reynolds Nancy R , Zaru Ibtisam Al , Gharaibeh Muntaha , Dumit Nuhad Y
Published: June 2022

Background/Objectives:
Nurses in Lebanon are facing multiple crises and the severity of the situation calls for an empirical examination of their resilience status. Evidence indicates that resilience can buffer the negative effect of workplace stressors on nurses and is associated with favorable patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Arabic Resilience Scale-14 that was utilized to measure resilience among Lebanese nurses,
Methods
Data was collected from nurses working in health care centers using a cross-sectional survey design. We estimated the confirmatory factor analysis using the Diagonally Weighted least Squares. Fit indices for the confirmatory factor analysis model included Model chi-square, root-mean squared error of approximation and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
1,488 nurses were included in the analysis. The squared multiple correlations values ranged from 0.60 to 0.97 thus supporting the construct validity of the originally hypothesized five factor model (self-reliance, purpose, equanimity, perseverance, and authenticity).
Conclusions
The Arabic version of the Resilience Scale 14 tool is considered a valid tool for measuring resilience in any situation involving Arabic speaking nurses.
Stavovi zaposlenika ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih o kompetencijama edukatora u radu s odraslima
Authors: Staničić Elena , Zovko Anita
Published: June 2022

Uloge edukatora u obrazovanju odraslih kontinuirano se mijenjaju, a sve ih se češće naziva mentorima, savjetnicima, motivatorima i evaluatorima, odnosno pridaju im se uloge za koje je nužno posjedovanje širokog spektra generičkih i specifičnih kompetencija. S obzirom na oskudan broj provedenih studija o kompetencijama edukatora u Republici Hrvatskoj, provedeno je istraživanje s ciljem ispitivanja i analiziranja stavova zaposlenika ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih o ključnim kompetencijama koje su potrebne za rad s odraslima te utvrđivanja stavova o važnosti pojedinih skupina kompetencija. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 91 ispitanik, a podaci su prikupljeni mrežnim anketiranjem. Rezultati istraživanja sugeriraju da zaposlenici ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih smatraju da je za rad s odraslima potrebno posjedovati društvene kompetencije, kompetencije savjetovanja odraslih polaznika, osmišljavanja i razumijevanja procesa učenja, poučavanja i vrednovanja, kompetencije razvoja obrazovnih programa i korištenja novih tehnologija te kompetencije kontinuiranog profesionalnog razvoja, kao i da razumiju njihovu važnost za proces obrazovanja odraslih.
Izvanučionička nastava u kurikulumima osnovnih škola
Authors: Zelembrz Ema , Žižanović Senka , Lukaš Mirko
Published: June 2022

Izvanučionička nastava poveznica je života i škole i neizostavna sastavnica suvremenog odgoja i obrazovanja. Obzirom na njezinu iznimnu pedagošku vrijednost, cilj je ovoga rada analizom školskih kurikuluma dobiti uvid u zastupljenost i oblike provedbe izvanučioničke nastave u osnovnim školama. U tu svrhu analizirana su 73 školska kurikuluma osnovnih škola na području Osječko-baranjske županije. Analiza sadržaja kurikuluma obuhvatila je različite oblike provedbe izvanučioničke nastave, njihovu zastupljenost u okviru razredne i predmetne nastave i u odgojno-obrazovnim područjima propisanim Okvirom nacionalnog kurikuluma. Ovim se radom ukazuje na prednosti i nedostatke različitih oblika izvanučioničke nastave koji se ostvaruju unutar pojedinih odgojno-obrazovnih područja. Detektirana su odgojno-obrazovna područja u kojima je potrebno unaprijediti planiranje i realizaciju izvanučioničke nastave. Zaključuje se kako je didaktičko-metodička rješenja za unaprjeđenje potrebno tražiti unutar pojedinih odgojno-obrazovnih područja u kojima su uočene različitosti u učestalosti integracije izvanučioničke nastave.
Interests of Croatian primary school pupils about elective Technology Teaching and school activities
Authors: Purković Damir , Delač Dino , Kovačević Stjepan
Published: June 2022

Allowing pupils to choose the content of their learning is an important step towards individualized development. Despite the need proclaimed by society for the development of competences in STEM area, educational cycles in this field are the least represented in the Croatian general education curriculum. This research was conducted in order to gain insight into pupils’ interests in the contents of technical culture and for school activities. The research was conducted on a stratified sample of primary school pupils in Croatia (N = 2155) aged 11 to 15 years. The analysis of the research results showed that the activities from ICT, robotics, programming and woodworking are the most attractive. When it comes to school activities, pupils most prefer sports activities, computer activities, experiments in science subjects and then technical activities. This result suggests that the school curricula needs to be redesigned so that pupils can develop according to their interests.
Making humanoid robots teaching assistants by using natural language processing (NLP) cloud-based services
Authors: Lekova Anna , Tsvetkova Paulina , Tanev Tanio , Mitrouchev Peter , Kostova Snezhana
Published: June 2022

Humanoid robots have a substantial potential to serve as teaching and social assistants. However, the expectations of the children from robots to interact like humans are huge. This study presents a general model for understanding the natural language in human-robot interaction by applying Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) language models as a service in the Internet of Things. Thus, the physical presence of the robot can help in fine-tuning the GPT model by prompts derived from the environmental context and subsequent robot actions for embodiment understanding of the GPT outputs. The model uses web or cloud services for Natural Language Processing (NLP) to produce and play human-like text, question answering or text generation. Verbal questions are processed either via a local speech recognition software or via a Speech-to-Text (STT) cloud service. The converted question into machine-readable code is sent to one of the GPT language models with zero- or few-shot learning prompts. GPT-J model has been tested and deployed either in the web or cloud with options for varying the parameters for controlling the haphazardness of the generated text. The robot produces human-like text by using Text-to-Speech (TTS) cloud services that convert the response into audio format rendered on the robot to be played. Useful requirements how the model to be used in order to be feasible were determined based on the evaluation of the outputs given from the different NLP and GPT-J web or cloud-services. We designed and implemented the model in order to be used by a humanoid NAO-type robot in the speech language therapy practice, however it can be used for other open-source and programmable robots and in different contexts.
Changes in heart rate during electrical stimulation of the atrium in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at low temperature
Authors: Kibler Natalya , Nuzhny Vladimir , Shmakov Dmitry
Published: June 2022

In this work, we investigated the effect of high heart rate (HR) in vivo on the electrical properties and pumping functions of the heart ventricle of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at low ambient temperatures. HR was altered by atrial pacing. The electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters and hemodynamic parameters of the heart ventricle of rainbow trout adapted to a temperature of 5–7 °C were studied from the normal sinus rhythm (21.6 ± 4.9 bpm) to the maximum possible HR. Results show that a HR of about 60 bpm is the upper limit of the normal functional activity of the ventricle of the heart. An increase in heart rate up to 60 bpm leads to an increase in the PQ interval and QRS complex, a decrease in the QT interval on the ECG, and a violation of the rhythmic activity of the heart (i.e., the occurrence of extrasystole), as well as to a considerable change in the hemodynamic parameters of the ventricle of the heart and a decrease in its contractile properties. After a period of ventricular extrasystole for several minutes (10–15 min), the activity of the sinus node resumes but with a lower HR compared with the initial HR. The duration of the QRS complex recovers to the initial one, and the PQ and QT intervals increase. Maximum systolic pressure and end-diastolic pressure also return to their original values after extrasystolic contraction. After the experimental extrasystole, the phenomenon of the absence of an increase in HR is observed. The arising extrasystole probably has a functional nature and is one of the mechanisms of electromechanical homeostatic control in the heart.
The Impact of Socioeconomic, Racial, and Ethnic Disparities on Pulmonary Hypertension Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Talwar Abhinav , Morel Karla C. , Perez Vinicio D.J. , Talwar Arunabh
Published: June 2022

Health disparities have a major impact in the quality of life and level of clinical care received in minority populations in the United States. Underrepresented patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) may be at risk for worse outcomes. Furthermore, advances in biomedical research have provided extensive knowledge on the genetic role in the pathogenesis of PAH but whether these also impact minorities is incompletely understood. Health disparities in patients with PAH create an enormous barrier in health care delivery. Understanding the contributors to health disparity represent a fundamental step towards personalized medicine and further improvement in PAH care.
Biosynthesis and Detection of Domoic Acid from Diatom Pseudo-nitzschia:
A Review
Authors: Liu Hong-chang , Nie Zhen-yuan , Long Xiao-ping , Bouroubi Nour EI Houda , Cao Si-ting , Chen Yu-xin , Zheng Xing-fu , Xia Jin-lan
Published: June 2022

The domoic acid (DA) produced by certain species of the marine pennate diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia is highly neurotoxic and can induce nerve excitability and neurotoxicity by binding with ionotropic glutamate receptors, causing amnesic shellfish poisoning in humans who consume seafood contaminated with DA. In recent years, poisoning to humans caused by DA has occurred around the world, which has attracted increasing attention, and studies on DA production by Pseudo-nitzschia have become the hotpot. This article reviews the progress on the biosynthesis of DA by the typical diatom Pseudo-nitzschia, in which the metabolic pathway of the biosynthesis of DA and its precursors, i.e., geranyl pyrophosphate and L-glutamate, and the various environmental factors affecting DA production including temperature, light intensity, nutrients, trace metals, and alien bacteria are discussed. The detection methods of DA (including bioassays, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and biosensors), as well as the morphology and toxigenicity of Pseudo-nitzschia are also presented.
Cellular Therapeutics for Chronic Wound Healing: Future for Regenerative
Medicine
Authors: Kumar Arun , Sharma Preety , Dey Asmita Deka
Published: June 2022

Chronic wounds are associated with significant morbidity and mortality which demands long-term effective treatment and represents a tremendous financial strain on the global healthcare systems. Regenerative medicines using stem cells have recently become apparent as a promising approach and are an active zone of investigations they hold the potential to differentiate into specific types of cells and thus possess self-renewable, regenerative, and immune-modulatory effects. Furthermore, with the rise of technology various cell therapies and cell types such as Bone Marrow and Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Cell (ADMSC), Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs), Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs), and Pluripotent Stem Cells (PSCs) are studied for their therapeutic impact on reparative processes and tissue regeneration. Cell therapy has proven to have substantial control over enhancing the quality and rate of skin regeneration and wound restoration. The literature review brings to light the mechanics of wound healing, abnormalities resulting in chronic‐wound and the obstacles faced by wound care researchers thus exploring the multitude of opportunities for potential improvement. Also, the review is focused on providing particulars on the possible cell-derived therapeutic choices and their associated challenges in healing, in the context of clinical trials, as solutions to these challenges will provide fresh and better future opportunities for improved study design and therefore yield a substantial amount of data for the development of more specialized treatments.
The Key Roles of Makorin RING Finger Protein 3 (MKRN3) During
the Development of Pubertal Initiation and Central Precocious
Puberty (CPP)
Authors: Liu Jiang , Li Tangluo , Peng Mindan , Luo Min , Gui Zihao , Long Shuanglian , Mo Zhongcheng , He Weiguo
Published: June 2022

Puberty is initiated from the continuous and growing pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus and then the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Numerous factors involve pubertal initiation whose abnormality may come from dysfunction of these regulators. Makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) inhibits the secretion of GnRH and plays indispensable roles during the development of pubertal onset, and mutations of MKRN3 showed the commonest genetic cause of central precocious puberty (CPP). Recently, growing studies have revealed the functional mechanisms of MKRN3 in the pubertal initiation and the occurrence of CPP. In this review, we mainly summarized the research advances on the roles of MKRN3 in the development of pubertal onset and their underpinning mechanisms, contributing to the better understanding of the precise mechanisms of pubertal initiation and the pathogenesis of CPP.
Assessing Long Non-coding RNAs in Tobacco-associated Oral Cancer
Authors: Sehgal Shelly , Mishra Manish Kumar , Gupta Sachin , Shivangi
Published: June 2022

Cancer is one of the compelling and pegged diseases battled by clinicians and researchers
worldwide. Among different types of cancer, oral cancer holds the sixth position globally. With an
escalating prevalence in Asian countries, India, China, and Pakistan constitute a large proportion of
total incidents of oral cancer patients in terms of new cases or deaths. This mounting prevalence is
ascribed to poor oral hygiene and rampant use of substances earmarked as potential risk factors for
the disease. Risk factors (dietary/lifestyle habits/occupational/environmental) trigger the activation of
oncogenes, dysregulation of lncRNA and miRNA, and silence the tumor suppressor genes, which
robustly contributes to the onset and progression of tumorigenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Evidence suggests that specific carcinogens identified in tobacco and related products alter many
cellular pathways predisposing to advanced stages of oral cancer. Long non-coding RNAs represent a
broad group of heterogenous transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides which do not translate to form
functional proteins. They regulate various cellular pathways by specifically interacting with other
RNAs, DNA, and proteins. Their role in the pathogenesis of OSCC and other cancer is still being
debated. In this review, we discuss the molecular insights of significant lncRNAs involved in some
crucial deregulated pathways of tobacco-associated OSCC. The implications and challenges to
harnessing the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers in early diagnosis and targeted treatment have also
been analyzed.
Recent Progress in Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) 1 Inhibitors as Anticancer
Agent
Authors: Patel Preeti , Wahan Simranpreet K. , Vishakha S. , Kurmi Balak Das , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Rajak Harish , Asati Vivek
Published: June 2022

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are essential for maintaining homeostasis by catalyzing histone
deacetylation. Aberrant expression of HDACs is associated with various human diseases. Although
HDAC inhibitors are used as effective chemotherapeutic agents in clinical practice, their applications
remain limited due to associated side effects induced by weak isoform selectivity. HDAC1 displays
unique structure and cellular localization as well as diverse substrates and exhibits a wider range of biological
functions than other isoforms. HDAC1 displays a unique structure primarily found in the nucleus
and involved in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. HDAC1 is ubiquitously expressed and associated
with Sin3, NuRD, and CoRest transcription repressive complexes responsible for distinct cellular
processes like cell proliferation and survival. HDAC1 inhibitors have been effectively used to treat
various cancers such as gastric, breast, colorectal, prostate, colon, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, and inflammation
without exerting significant toxic effects. In this review, we summarize four major structural
classes of HDAC1 inhibitors (i.e., hydroxamic acid derivatives, benzamides, hydrazides, and thiols)
with their structural activity relationship. This review is a comprehensive work on HDAC1 inhibitors to
achieve deep insight of knowledge about the structural information of HDAC1 inhibitors. It may provide
up-to-date direction for developing new selective HDAC1 inhibitors as anticancer agents.
Ethnomedical Applications and Conservation Status of Leguminosae- Caesalpinioideae Plants in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Pandey Shivaraman , Singh Lav , Srivastava Ravi Prakash , Kushwaha Arun Kumar , Dixit Pooja , Saxena Gauri , Chaudhary Lal Babu
Published: June 2022

Background:

This review highlights the folklore, ethnomedicinal uses and conservation status of Caesalpinioideae in Uttar Pradesh (India).

Aims:

It aims at compiling available data on traditional medicine, biological activity, phytochemical information and assessing the regional red list status of Caesalpinioideae in Uttar Pradesh. The information provided would help in formulating new drugs and medicines and addressing global conservation issues of such medicinally exploited species.

Methods:

The current study included an extensive and systematic review of available literature, the study of previous collections of herbarium specimens, random interviews with locals and tribals, field surveys, and GeoCAT tool-based assessment during 2016-2020. The study reports that the majority of species of Caesalpinioideae are used for curing digestive problems (about 20 species) and skin diseases (19 species).

Result:

Almost all the species have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These pharmacological activities can be attributed to the presence of various types of anthraquinones in plants.

Conclusion:

The regional conservation status reveals that eight species qualified for the status of regionally threatened category while two species fall under the near threatened category.
Fabrication and Optimization of Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers
Loaded with 5-Fluorouracil and Rosemary Extract
Authors: Jamali Reza , Ghassami Erfaneh , Dinani Masoud Sadeghi , Ghasemi Razieh , Mirian Mina
Published: June 2022

Background:

Topical 5-fluorouracil (5FU) is one of the most prescribed medications
for different types of skin cancer; however, it is associated with drug resistance and adverse effects.
Rosemary extract has promising dose-dependent antitumor effects, as well as a synergistic
effect in combination with 5-fluorouracil, besides sensitization of the 5-FU-resistant cells.

Objective:

Polymeric nanofibers loaded with 5FU and rosemary extract were optimized to combine
both ingredients in one controlled release drug delivery system, aiming to enhance the efficacy
while retaining the adverse effects.

Method:

Polymeric nanofibers loaded with 5-FU and rosemary were fabricated via electrospinning
technique. Design expert software was utilized to study the effect of independent variables,
including polymer concentration, voltage, and feeding rate on the characteristics of the resulting
nanofibers. Afterwards, the FTIR spectrum and release kinetic of the drug and extract from the
optimized nanofibers and their cytotoxic effect against A375 cell line were investigated.

Results:

The formulation composed of 6.65% PVA electrospun at 1 mL.h-1 and 17.5kV was chosen
as the optimum fabrication condition. The mean diameter of the optimized nanofibers was 755
nm. The drug and rosemary extract contents were 75.38 and 93.42%, respectively. The fabrication
yield was 100%, bioadhesion force was 1.28 N, and bead abundance was 10 per field. The cytotoxicity
of the optimized formulation was significantly higher than the control groups.

Conclusion:

According to the appropriate loading percentage, release efficiency and release kinetics,
bioadhesion force, and cytotoxicity, these nanofibers could be further investigated as a topical
treatment option to increase the efficacy of 5-FU.
Composición y estructura de la comunidad de carábidos de las Sierras de Taxco-Huautla, México (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Ordóñez-Reséndiz María Magdalena , Zaragoza-Caballero Santiago , Ballesteros-Barrera Claudia , Corcuera-Martínez Del Río Pablo
Published: June 2022

Se analizó la composición y estructura de Carabidae en la región terrestre prioritaria Sierras de Taxco-Huautla. Entre abril de 2007 y octubre de 2017 se recolectaron carábidos adultos en 71 localidades mediante métodos directos e indirectos, con un esfuerzo de captura de 10 horas por localidad. Se encontraron 185 morfoespecies y 57 géneros, agrupados en 29 tribus y nueve subfamilias. Harpalinae fue la subfamilia más diversa con 164 morfoespecies, 41 géneros y 17 tribus. Platynini, Lebiini y Harpalini fueron las tribus más diversas y abundantes, con géneros como Platynus (42 morfoespecies), Lebia (25 morfoespecies) y Selenophorus (13 morfoespecies). La composición de carábidos estuvo integrada en mayor proporción por géneros geófilos (19), hidrófilos (15) y arborícolas (11); sin embargo, el mayor número de las morfoespecies se agrupó en pocos géneros capaces de habitar dos o más ambientes. Se registraron más especies arborícolas (56) que hidrófilas (50). La estructura de la comunidad estuvo dominada por los géneros Platynus y Onypterygia. A nivel genérico, la fauna de carábidos muestra una afinidad mucho mayor con América del Sur (63.2 %) que con América del Norte (29.8 %) y el 7 % están ampliamente distribuidos en América. Se documentan nuevos registros para Guerrero (14 especies), Morelos (10 especies) y el Estado de México (2 especies).
Analysis of current trends in introverted design: Changing the extraverted paradigm
Authors:   Department of Environmental Design, Faculty of Design, Mykhailo Boichuk Kyiv State Academy of Decorative and Applied Arts and Design, Kyiv, Ukraine, et al. Hleba
Published: June 2022

This research deals with the main characteristics of introverted design from the point of view of the modern perception of personality and its place in society. The main concepts of the personal classification of private and public space are highlighted, and the leading types of design focus on equal access to personal comfort. The essence, signs, and advantages of co-working as the latest model of interaction between people with different psychological types, worldviews, and cultural perceptions are revealed. The purpose of the study is to identify the main criteria for the formation of introverted design in modern space and to determine its impact on the emergence of new formats of interaction between the individual and the architectural space. This study used the method of systematic analysis of scientific papers and publications on the topic of research, the method of comparative analysis, as well as the generalization and systematization of the information obtained. The analysis of the source base on psychological aspects of design shows multi-vector and interdisciplinary approaches. There is a clear connection between design and psychology, caused by the increasing gravitation of artists towards individualization of projects, uniqueness, and maximum conformity with the needs of clients. The authors note a certain lack of clarity on the introverted design topic in scientific research specifically in the field of architecture and design: the growing actualization of the personal approach in all spheres of life requires a comprehensive and deep interdisciplinary analysis for further implementation in the design and architectural projects. The change of the extroverted paradigm focused on active communication between people, multitasking, openness, and non-zoning of space in a freer opened up new possibilities for the design and modeling of the interior. Thus, taking advantage of the achievements of psychology, sociology, and other related sciences, interior design can take into account the influence of a number of circumstances on the effectiveness of his work: the right choice of color scheme, taking into account for both the psycho-type of man and the purpose of the room and its location, increases productivity and increases the sense of harmony.
Ecological Burden of e-Waste in Bangladesh—an Assessment to Measure the Exposure to e-Waste and Associated Health Outcomes: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Parvez Sarker Masud , Hasan Shaikh Sharif , Knibbs Luke D , Jahan Farjana , Rahman Mahbubur , Raqib Rubhana , Islam Nafisa , Aich Nirupam , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Islam Zahir , Fujimura Masatake , Sly Peter D
Published: June 2022

Background

e-Waste is a rapidly growing waste stream worldwide, and Bangladesh is a hub of e-waste handling. Informal e-waste recycling operations involve crude methods for dismantling, repairing, sorting, and recycling electronic goods with bare hands and without personal health protections. Direct inhalation or dermal exposure to toxicants during informal recycling is common. Evidence suggests that e-waste–derived toxicants pollute the terrestrial ecosystem and have been linked with adverse health effects. However, e-waste recycling–related occupational health hazards have not been adequately explored in the context of Bangladesh.

Objective

Our study aims to expand the current understanding of exposure to e-waste. This study will measure the metal concentrations in biological and environmental samples and evaluate the relationship between heavy metals and the biochemical systems of the e-waste workers.

Methods

The study uses a cross-sectional study design consisting of an exposed site and a nonexposed control site. The trained team collected information on individual exposures, detailed work and medical history, and biological samples (blood, urine, and hair) from each subject. This study will measure heavy metal levels (lead, cadmium, and mercury) and biochemical parameters (hematological, hormonal, renal, and others) from the biological samples with reported physical function as outcomes of interest. In addition, we also collected soil and dust samples from both exposed and nonexposed control sites to measure the health risk. All the environmental samples will be analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to determine metal concentrations. We will also conduct a qualitative investigation for a deeper understanding of the e-waste management system in Bangladesh.

Results

The protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, and The University of Queensland’s Human Behavioral Ethics Committee. Informed written consent was obtained from all participants. We recruited 199 workers from the e-waste sites with at least 5 years of exposure and 104 control subjects with no industrial or e-waste exposure. Sample analysis is estimated to be completed in 2022.

Conclusions

Although many studies have identified potential adverse health outcomes from exposure to e-waste, there is a lack of published epidemiological research in Bangladesh. Research in this field is particularly pressing in the context of the current e-waste trend and the need to deepen the understanding of exposures and outcomes.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/38201
Contexts and Outcomes of Proxy Online Health Information Seeking: Mixed Studies Review With Framework Synthesis (Preprint)
Authors: El Sherif Reem , Pluye Pierre , Ibekwe Fidelia
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

High-quality online health information (OHI) can reduce unnecessary visits to health professionals and improve health. One of the ways that people use OHI is to support others with health conditions through proxy OHI seeking. Members of a person’s social circle may help them overcome information-seeking barriers and illness challenges. There are several models on proxy information seeking. Yet, we know little about the use and outcomes of OHI on behalf of someone else.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this paper are to explore and revise a framework on the context and outcomes of proxy OHI seeking

METHODS

We conducted a mixed studies literature review integrating qualitative and quantitative evidence with thematic analysis of the findings of 28 studies, followed by framework synthesis incorporating the derived themes.

RESULTS

We explored 4 main themes: (1) characteristics of proxy seekers, (2) context of proxy OHI seeking, (3) use of OHI to provide social support, and (4) outcomes of proxy OHI seeking. Our conceptual framework incorporates these themes and builds on previous work.

CONCLUSIONS

By better understanding how people use information together, information providers can adapt the information to meet all users’ needs.
When heart beats differently in depression: a review of nonlinear HRV measures (Preprint)
Authors: Čukić Milena , Savić Danka , Sidorova Julia
Published: June 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Background and Objectives: Disturbed heart dynamics in depression seriously increases mortality risk. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a rich source of information for studying this dynamics. This work is a meta-analytic review with methodological commentary of application of nonlinear analysis of HRV and its possibility to address cardiovascular diseases in depression.
Methods: We systematically searched online for papers on nonlinear analyses of HRV in depression, in line with PRISMA 2020 framework recommendations. We scrutinized chosen publications and performed random-effects meta-analysis, using jamovi/esci software where standardized effect sizes are corrected to yield the proof of practical utility of their results.
Results: Twenty-six publications on the connection of nonlinear HRV measures and depression meeting our inclusion criteria are selected, examining total of 1537 patients diagnosed with depression and 1041 healthy controls (total sample 2578). Overall effect size (unbiased) is 1.03 (95% CI (0.703, 1.35), diamond ratio 3.60). We performed three more meta-analytic comparisons, demonstrating the overall effectivity of three subgroups of nonlinear analysis: DFA1 (overall effect size 0.364, CI (0.237, 0.491)), entropy-based measures (1.05, CI (0.572, 1.52)) and all other nonlinear measures (0.702, CI (0.422, 0.982)). The effectiveness of the applied methods of electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis are compared and discussed in the light of detection and prevention of depression-related cardiovascular risk.
Conclusions: We compared the effect sizes of nonlinear and conventional time and spectral methods (found in the literature) and demonstrated that the first are larger. We appeal for early screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in depressive patients to prevent possible deleterious events.
Overdose Alert and Response Technologies: State-of-the-art Review (Preprint)
Authors: Oteo Alberto , Daneshvar Hadi , Baldacchino Alexander , Matheson Catriona
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Drug overdose deaths, particularly from opioids, are a major global burden, with 128,000 deaths estimated in 2019. Opioid overdoses can be reversed through the timely administration of naloxone but only if responders are able to administer it. There is an emerging body of research and development in technologies that can detect the early signs of an overdose and facilitate timely responses.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim was to identify and classify overdose-specific digital technologies being developed, implemented, and evaluated.

METHODS

We conducted a “state-of-the-art review.” A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, ACM, IEEE Xplore, and SciELO. We also searched references from articles and scanned the gray literature. The search included terms related to telehealth and digital technologies, drugs, and overdose and papers published since 2010. We classified our findings by type of technology and its function, year of publication, country of study, study design, and theme. We performed a thematic analysis to classify the papers according to the main subject.

RESULTS

Included in the selection were 17 original research papers, 2 proof-of-concept studies, 4 reviews, 3 US government grant registries, and 6 commercial devices that had not been named in peer-reviewed literature. All articles were published between 2017 and 2022, with a marked increase since 2019. All were based in or referred to the United States or Canada and concerned opioid overdose. In total, 39% (9/23) of the papers either evaluated or described devices designed to monitor vital signs and prompt an alert once a certain threshold indicating a potential overdose has been reached. A total of 43% (10/23) of the papers focused on technologies to alert potential responders to overdoses and facilitate response. In total, 48% (11/23) of the papers and 67% (4/6) of the commercial devices described combined alert and response devices. Sensors monitor a range of vital signs, such as oxygen saturation level, respiratory rate, or movement. Response devices are mostly smartphone apps enabling responders to arrive earlier to an overdose site. Closed-loop devices that can detect an overdose through a sensor and automatically administer naloxone without any external intervention are still in the experimental or proof-of-concept phase. The studies were grouped into 4 themes: acceptability (7/23, 30%), efficacy or effectiveness (5/23, 22%), device use and decision-making (3/23, 13%), and description of devices (6/23, 26%).

CONCLUSIONS

There has been increasing interest in the research and application of these technologies in recent years. Literature suggests willingness to use these devices by people who use drugs and affected communities. More real-life studies are needed to test the effectiveness of these technologies to adapt them to the different settings and populations that might benefit from them.
A Neural Network Model Using Pain Score Patterns to Predict the Need for Outpatient Opioid Refills Following Ambulatory Surgery: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Gabriel Rodney Allanigue , Simpson Sierra , Zhong William , Burton Brittany Nicole , Mehdipour Soraya , Said Engy Tadros
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Expansion of clinical guidance tools is crucial to identify patients at risk of requiring an opioid refill after outpatient surgery.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop machine learning algorithms incorporating pain and opioid features to predict the need for outpatient opioid refills following ambulatory surgery.

METHODS

Neural networks, regression, random forest, and a support vector machine were used to evaluate the data set. For each model, oversampling and undersampling techniques were implemented to balance the data set. Hyperparameter tuning based on k-fold cross-validation was performed, and feature importance was ranked based on a Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) explainer model. To assess performance, we calculated the average area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), F1-score, sensitivity, and specificity for each model.

RESULTS

There were 1333 patients, of whom 144 (10.8%) refilled their opioid prescription within 2 weeks after outpatient surgery. The average AUC calculated from k-fold cross-validation was 0.71 for the neural network model. When the model was validated on the test set, the AUC was 0.75. The features with the highest impact on model output were performance of a regional nerve block, postanesthesia care unit maximum pain score, postanesthesia care unit median pain score, active smoking history, and total perioperative opioid consumption.

CONCLUSIONS

Applying machine learning algorithms allows providers to better predict outcomes that require specialized health care resources such as transitional pain clinics. This model can aid as a clinical decision support for early identification of at-risk patients who may benefit from transitional pain clinic care perioperatively in ambulatory surgery.
Domains, Feasibility, Effectiveness, Cost, and Acceptability of Telehealth in Aging Care: Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Leuk Jessie Siew-Pin , Teo Wei-Peng
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Aging is becoming a major global challenge. Compared with younger adults, the older population has greater health needs but faces inadequate access to appropriate, affordable, and high-quality health care. Telehealth can remove geographic and time boundaries, as well as enabling socially isolated and physically homebound people to access a wider range of care options. The impacts of different telehealth interventions in terms of their effectiveness, cost, and acceptability in aging care are still unclear.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review of systematic reviews aimed to provide an overview of the domains of telehealth implemented in aging care; synthesize evidence of telehealth’s feasibility, effectiveness, cost benefits, and acceptability in the context of aging care; identify gaps in the literature; and determine the priorities for future research.

METHODS

Guided by the methodological framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute, we reviewed systematic reviews concerning all types of telehealth interventions involving direct communication between older users and health care providers. In total, 5 major electronic databases, PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (EBSCO), were searched on September 16, 2021, and an updated search was performed on April 28, 2022, across the same databases as well as the first 10 pages of the Google search.

RESULTS

A total of 29 systematic reviews, including 1 post hoc subanalysis of a previously published large Cochrane systematic review with meta-analysis, were included. Telehealth has been adopted in various domains in aging care, such as cardiovascular diseases, mental health, cognitive impairment, prefrailty and frailty, chronic diseases, and oral health, and it seems to be a promising, feasible, effective, cost-effective, and acceptable alternative to usual care in selected domains. However, it should be noted that the generalizability of the results might be limited, and further studies with larger sample sizes, more rigorous designs, adequate reporting, and more consistently defined outcomes and methodologies are needed. The factors affecting telehealth use among older adults have been categorized into individual, interpersonal, technological, system, and policy levels, which could help direct collaborative efforts toward improving the security, accessibility, and affordability of telehealth as well as better prepare the older population for digital inclusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Although telehealth remains in its infancy and there is a lack of high-quality studies to rigorously prove the feasibility, effectiveness, cost benefit, and acceptability of telehealth, mounting evidence has indicated that it could play a promising complementary role in the care of the aging population.
To Believe in Historical Progress: On Axel Honneth’s Normative Grounding of Critique
Authors: Kim Min Seong
Published: June 2022

One of the most ambitious contributions Axel Honneth has made to critical theory consists in his attempt to ground the normativity of critique beyond communicative reason—the normative ground of critique that had been proposed by Honneth’s predecessor at the Institut für Sozialforschung, Jürgen Habermas. Defending an affirmative stance toward historical progress is critical to Honneth’s project, which attempts to pursue the aspiration of the Frankfurt School to practice a robust form of immanent critique: for preserving the idea of progress allows Honneth to derive the validity of the underlying normative presuppositions of the existing social order, thereby securing the normative grounds of critique without relying on transcendent or transhistorical principles. Through a consideration of an aspect of the relation between universality and particularity that remains undertheorized in Honneth’s account, this essay attempts to question the success of his strategy for grounding the normativity of critique.
Asal-Usul Pemikiran tentang Sekularisme di Abad Pertengahan
Authors: Suryajaya Martin
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini melacak asal-usul wacana sekularisme dalam filsafat politik Abad Pertengahan, khususnya dalam pemikiran Dante Alighieri, Marsilius Padua dan William Ockham. Pertanyaan pokok yang membimbing kajian ini adalah: sejauh mana benih pemikiran mengenai sekularisme sudah muncul pada masa Abad Pertengahan? Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut adalah telaah filosofis atas konflik antara kuasa temporal dan spiritual yang menjadi konteks perdebatan mengenai kedudukan penguasa sekuler dalam hubungannya dengan otoritas keagamaan tertinggi. Dengan memeriksa respons terhadap kekuasaan mutlak gereja, terlihat adanya sejumlah alternatif berbeda yang salah satunya adalah sekularisme. Melalui penelusuran itu ditemukan bahwa sekalipun terdapat benih-benih sekularisme dalam pemikiran William Ockham, ia tetap mengandaikan paradigma religius tentang dunia yang mengasalkan sumber pembagian kewenangan temporal dan spiritual pada Tuhan, sedangkan Dante dan Marsilius Padua justru mengklaim otoritas religius dikandung dalam otoritas sekuler. Pemisahan gereja dari negara masih dilakukan dalam pengandaian penyelenggaraan ilahi di dunia. Pengandaian inilah yang membedakannya dari sekularisme modern.