bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of duration of youth/parent communication on depression and anxiety during COVID-19 isolation in China
Authors: Hu Weijian , Deng Cuiyun , Wu Mengyao , Cao Menglu , Liu Zhaoquan
Published: December 2022

The current study examines the mediating roles of self-efficacy and sleep disturbance and the moderating role of gender in the association between the duration of youth/parent communication on depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 isolation period in China. We used the self-designed demographic variable questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale with 1,772 youths aged 15–24 from 26 provinces in China during the COVID-19 lockdown. We performed demographic variable analysis, correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and moderated analysis. The duration of daily communication with parents was significantly positively correlated with self-efficacy and significantly negatively correlated with sleep disturbance, depression, and anxiety. The chain mediation analysis revealed that the duration of communication with parents directly affected depression and anxiety. Self-efficacy, sleep disturbance, and self-efficacy sleep disturbance had significant mediating and chain-mediating effects on the duration of communication with parents, depression, and anxiety. The interactions between sleep disturbance and gender (B = 0.35, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.64, p = .02 < .05) were significant. The duration of parent/youth communication directly affected depression and anxiety and indirectly affected depression and anxiety via the chain-mediating effect of self-efficacy and sleep disturbance. Gender moderates the relationships between sleep disturbance and depression.
Diplopia Secondary to Gastric Adenocarcinoma Metastasis to the Superior Oblique Muscle
Authors: Sellami Moncef , Ayadi Syrine , Abbes Asma , Mnejja Malek , Hammami Boutheina , Boudaouara Tahia , Zouche Imen , Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Charfeddine Ilhem
Published: December 2022

While gastric cancer often metastasizes to the liver, lymph nodes, and lungs, skeletal muscle metastasis is a rare event. The most common primary tumor metastasizing to the extraocular structures is breast cancer. Gastric carcinoma metastatic to the extraocular muscles is a rare event announcing a spreading disease with a bad prognosis. Here, we report a case of an asymptomatic gastric carcinoma metastasizing to the superior oblique muscle diagnosed via an endoscopic endonasal biopsy.
Balancing Breadth and Depth in Qualitative Research: Conceptualizing performativity through multi-sited ethnography
Authors: Prasad Ajnesh , Shadnam Masoud
Published: December 2022

While performativity, as a theoretical concept, has gained much purchase in the field of management and organization studies (MOS), there remains a dearth of empirical work operationalizing the idea. In this article, we argue that empirical studies on performativity in organizational settings have been scarce mainly due to two methodological challenges: (1) the problem of breadth, and (2) the problem of depth. In terms of breadth, to study how a cultural/symbolic construction becomes performative, researchers need to follow threads of meanings and practices that stretch in time and space beyond the scope of what most methodologies afford. In terms of depth, studying performativity requires an in-depth, contextualized understanding of how people live in and through the symbolic world, which few methodologies possess the analytical resources to unravel. We offer multi-sited ethnography as a promising methodological approach that has the potential to concomitantly overcome both challenges. Through a vignette of a study that one of the authors conducted in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, we illustrate how multi-sited ethnography enables empirical research on performativity in MOS.
Aberrant gray matter structure in neurosyphilis without conventional MRI abnormality: a pilot study with voxel and surface-based morphology
Authors: Lu Zi-Ning , Yao Sheng-Juan , Cao Yu , Cheng Yue , Li Xiao-Tian , Guo Hong-Shuai , Zhang Xiao-Dong
Published: December 2022

Background

The underlying mechanism of neurosyphilis was not fully understood.

Purpose

To assess gray matter (GM) microstructure in patients with early-stage neurosyphilis without overt conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormality using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM) analyses.

Material and Methods

Three-dimensional high-resolution T1-weighted imaging data from 19 individuals with neurosyphilis and 19 healthy controls were analyzed. A battery of neuropsychological tests was performed before each MRI examination. The differences of GM volume and cerebral cortical morphological data between the two groups were compared. The correlations between MRI metrics and neuropsychology/laboratory tests in the patient group were investigated.

Results

Regional decreased GM volumes in patients with neurosyphilis were found in the left frontal cortices (Rolandic operculum, middle frontal, and precentral) and bilateral temporal/occipital cortices (bilateral middle temporal, left lingual, and right middle occipital) ( P < 0.05, FDR correction). SBM analysis showed significant cortical thickness reduction in the right medial orbitofrontal lobe, and reduced gyrification index in the left insula in patients with neurosyphilis ( P < 0.05, FDR correction). Additionally, in the patient group, the GM volume in the middle frontal gyrus, the cortical thickness of right medial orbitofrontal lobe, and the gyrification index in the left insula were negatively correlated to the number connection test-A scores. The gyrification index was also negatively correlated to cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count.

Conclusion

Early-stage neurosyphilis without conventional MRI abnormality presented regional GM volume reduction and cortical morphological changes, which might be related to cognitive impairment and intra-cranial infection. VBM and SBM analyses might be useful for understanding the underlying neural trait of neurosyphilis.
Slow motion bias: Exploring the relation between time overestimation and increased perceived intentionality
Authors: Hüttner* Norman , Sperl* Laura , Schroeger Anna
Published: December 2022

Recent research on time perception has revealed that actions which are replayed in slow motion are perceived to take longer and rated to be more intentional (e.g., foul plays). Interestingly, the bias on duration estimations seems to disappear when information on the slow motion factor (i.e., the degree the video was slowed down) was provided. Here, we scrutinize the question whether also the intentionality bias disappears when explicit information about the slow motion factor is provided. To this end, two groups watched the same video clips, all displaying foul situations in a basketball match, in different video speeds. While the uninformed group saw the videos without further information, the informed group received additional information about the current slow motion factor. This study replicated the overestimation of original duration with increasing slow motion and indicated that this effect might be reduced when information about the slow motion factor is provided. However, despite generally lower intentionality ratings in the informed group, video speed information was not able to reduce the rise in intentionality ratings with increasing slow motion. Potential reasons and open questions regarding the nature and mechanisms behind these perceptual temporal biases (e.g., different time processing systems) are discussed.
Pedestrians’ Road Crossing Behavior at Unprotected Mid-Blocks among Adolescents and Adults
Authors: Soathong Ajjima , Chowdhury Subeh , Wilson Douglas , Ranjitkar Prakash
Published: December 2022

Traffic crashes involving pedestrians often occur when the gap acceptance selected is below the minimum critical gap. Social cues and situational awareness play a key role in pedestrians’ choices when crossing roads at unprotected mid-blocks. This paper investigates the effects of conformist behavior on pedestrians’ cautiousness relative to their age group. In particular, we examine differences between adolescents (aged 13–18 years) and adults (aged 18 years or over). Video cameras were set at three urban locations in Auckland City, New Zealand. A total of 1,330 pedestrians were divided into four age groups, with adolescence used as the reference group. Risk ratios and regression analysis were used to measure the association between variables. The key finding from the observed behavior shows that group dynamics can reduce individuals’ attention to the road crossing regardless of age and gender. Although both adolescents and adults display self-regulation with various cautious behaviors, the presence of others affects their selection of the safety margin (time left to spare after crossing). Differences in the safety margins for groups of adolescents and adults largely involved the relationship amongst the group members rather than the number of people. Such findings present evidence that injury prevention strategies need to reflect the instincts and behavioral habits of different pedestrians. Encouraging a safety culture targeted specifically at various age groups that aligns with road design facilities and recognizes these behaviors will assist in the reduction of crashes involving pedestrians.
Application of a sustainable location index approach to landfill site selection in Monterrey, Mexico
Authors: Rueda-Avellaneda Juan Felipe , Gomez-Gonzalez Ricardo , Rivas-García Pasiano , Benitez-Bravo Reyes , Botello-Álvarez José Enrique , Wang Zhao
Published: December 2022

Landfilling is the main method to manage municipal solid waste (MSW) in Latin America due to the economic, technological and political characteristics of the region. The disposal of MSW in landfill sites may affect the quality of the environment and compromise a considerable share of the municipal budgets. The selection of suitable sites reduces the environmental and economic impact of landfills. In the present study the sustainable location index (SLI) is proposed as a methodology to assess environmentally, and economically, sanitary landfill site selection in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, a representative large-size city of Latin America. EVIAVE methodology was modified to include administrative and economic dimensions, which are assessed as a sustainable approach using together the SLI integrated with geospatial and multicriteria analysis tools. The assessment showed that the zones with the lowest SLI changes drastically when the importance of the economic or environmental factor varies. This result suggest that the inclusion of sustainability in landfill site selection decision-making is complex and it may requires the inclusion of local particularities such as municipal budgets, policies of MSW management and public perception about environmental deterioration.
Use of a novel water separation process for the recovery of the mineral fraction from the stabilized organic fraction found in municipal waste
Authors: Połomka Jacek , Dronia Wojciech , Jędrczak Andrzej
Published: December 2022

Currently, the Stabilized Organic Fraction (SOF) 0–80 mm separated from the municipal waste stream is sent in its entirety to landfill in the mechanical-biological treatment plants operating in Poland. Such action does not align with the adopted EU strategy focused on waste management in the circular economy. This study aimed to assess the technical feasibility of the process of purification of mineral fractions with a grain size of 10–80 mm separated from SOF on a technological installation designed for glass recovery, built at the Marszów Plant. In terms of material, mineral fractions are a mixture of stones, rubble and glass, contaminated with various components, mainly organic. In 2020, the glass recovery installation was expanded with an innovative process of gravity separation to separate mineral fraction from SOF with the use of a jigging machine. A pulse jig used in the mining industry for coal enrichment processes was used for the first time in municipal waste management. The installation allows for the recovery of between 71.1 and 96.6% of mineral fractions contained in the input (84.8 ± 9.5% on average). The proportion of organics, plastics and other impurities in the waste is 4.1 ± 2.1% of the fraction mass. The process consumed water at an average rate of 0.34 ± 0.10 m3 tonnes−1 of treated waste and generated 0.26 ± 0.09 m3 tonnes−1 of wastewater. Electricity consumption averaged 1.20 kWh tonne−1 input.
Not Ideal, But Still Acknowledged: A 10-Country Survey on Empathy for Victims of Anti-LGBT Violence
Authors: Godzisz Piotr , Mazurczak Jacek
Published: December 2022

Using data from a cross-national survey conducted on representative samples of populations from 10 European countries ( n = 10,766), the present study is the first one to empirically measure the validity of Christie’s influential ideal victim model. We use a range of scenarios built around common types of anti-LGBT violence to verify the extent to which the public’s empathy for victims is contingent on the victim’s identity and the circumstances of the crime. The results provide strong evidence that, when applied to this group of victims, the rules of the ideal victim work, adequately moderating the public’s emotional reactions. We found that all victims receive relatively high levels of empathy, but the further the victim is from the ideal, the less support they can count on. Thus, even though no victim is “rejected,” a clear hierarchy of victimization emerges. As a group, LGBT people suffer from an empathy deficit, but there also are considerable variations within this group, with a lesbian attacked by extremists receiving the most, and a drunk transgender person receiving the least empathy from the public. The study contributes to the development of theory by embedding the ideal victim model in a broader sociological paradigm of dramaturgical analysis. Since our research shows that the victim’s LGBT status decreases the levels of empathy (being seen as a type of stigma), we call for more attention to be paid to the actor’s identity in Goffman’s framework. Implications for practice and further research are offered.
Impact of Implementing Screening and Interventions to Target Prevention of Opioid Misuse and Accidental Overdose in the Inpatient Setting
Authors: Bjornson Siri , Grindeland Carlina J. , Werremeyer Amy B.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: There are limited publications supporting the use of screening tools to implement upstream prevention of opioid-related problems. Opioid and Naloxone Education (ONE) is utilized in outpatient pharmacies to screen and identify patients at risk of opioid-related problems and make interventions. Objectives: To implement ONE in the inpatient setting to promote prevention of opioid-related problems and overdose risk mitigation. Methods: For this pilot, ONE screening tool was completed via chart review and patient interview for inpatients prescribed an opioid. Risk scores were calculated and recommendations were provided. Outcomes evaluated included morphine milligram equivalents (MME) prior to hospitalization, inpatient screening pre-, post-, and at discharge; naloxone orders at discharge; and comparison of overdose risk from different sources. Results: The control group (n = 44) had a mean MME decrease of 1.5, and following implementation of pharmacist interventions, the experimental group (n = 45) observed a mean MME decrease of 28.6 ( P = .0001). For the threshold of 50 MME, 8.6% of patients in the control group had a change from >50 MME to <50 MME at 24 hour follow up. This change occurred in 29% of patients in the experimental group ( P = .03). For non-opioid analgesics, 6.8% of patients in the control group had non-opioid analgesic orders added or increased compared to 26.6% in the experimental group ( P = .01). Conclusion: Screening for opioid misuse and accidental overdose risk appears impactful in the inpatient setting. Screening and appropriate risk-based intervention was associated with decreases in total daily MME and increased non-opioid analgesics.
Influence of sulfonated SBA - 15 on fuel cell performance of sulfonated polysulfone electrolyte membranes
Authors: V Prabhu N
Published: December 2022

The prepared mesoporous SBA-15 (Santa Barbara Amorphous-15) was sulfonated and used as filler for the preparation of sulfonated polysulfone based composite electrolyte membranes. The SBA-15 and polysulfone were sulfonated using 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane and trimethylsilyl chlorosulfonate, respectively. The different weight percentages (1, 3, and 5 wt%) of sulfonated SBA-15 (SSBA-15) were used to prepare composite electrolyte membranes. Water uptake, ion exchange capacity, swelling ratio and proton conductivity of the composite membranes were studied for assessing the suitability of the electrolyte membranes for use in fuel cells. Characterization techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM and Brunauer–Emmett– Teller were used to study the physico-chemical properties of the electrolyte membranes. TEM and BET analysis showed that SBA -15 retained its mesoporous structure even after sulfonation process. The prepared membranes were then tested in an in-house built single-cell fuel cell using hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as the oxidant. The fuel cell study showed that the presence of Sulfonated SBA-15 in the polymer matrix provided additional ion exchange sites and retained water for proton transfer which resulted in higher power density of 815 mW/cm2 with SPSU + 3% SSBA-15 membrane as compared with Nafion 117®.
The comprehensive effect of friction self-excited and modal vibration on polygonal wear of high-speed train wheels
Authors: Dong Yahong , Cao Shuqian
Published: December 2022

Wheel polygon wear has emerged as a critical issue in the development of high-speed trains in China, but the mechanism underlying its formation remains unknown. The formation mechanism and its effect factors of wheel polygonalization are investigated in depth in this paper using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. A longitudinal self-excited vibration and vertical modal vibration coupling model of wheel-rail is established, considering the comprehensive effects of wheelset flexibility, vehicle spring mass, and foundation under rail. The critical condition of the system Hopf bifurcation is determined by theoretical analysis, and the longitudinal vibration characteristics of the wheel are studied using numerical simulation. Furthermore, the influence factors on wheel polygonalization are investigated. The research method makes a useful attempt to unify the relevant viewpoints of resonance theory and self-excited vibration theory, and the research results have theoretical guiding significance and engineering reference value for the prediction and suppression of wheel polygonal wear.
The New Paradigm Shift of Green Entrepreneurship Through Work Passion Among the Young Generation
Authors: Francis C. Rekha , Fraga F. X. Virgin
Published: December 2022

Eco-friendly company practices provide beginning entrepreneurs with new technology opportunities to thrive in the field of entrepreneurship. Green entrepreneurship is emerging as a driving force or power by offering cutting-edge green goods to the society in order to get more attention and to enhance the Indian economy. The organisation’s most recent stride is towards green entrepreneurship. The eye-catching technologies and expanding inventive trends in green entrepreneurship have given our economy a ‘new face’. A large array of techniques are still present in the globe, even if trends have drastically altered. Find a new path that nobody has utilised or a U turn from the current difficult situation if you want to keep ahead of the curve in the competitive period. Never show up to work unprepared. The uttermost enthusiasm, passion and commitment should be put into all the work. This research focuses on leaving your ‘mark’ in today’s cutthroat marketplace and offers guidance on how to avoid the frequent traps all encounter by combining passion with perseverance. Resilience comes from within, and by using the passion quotient, we may inspire, enable, motivate, empower and encourage people resources to be the greatest versions of themselves. So, this study claims that through the passion quotient, each young entrepreneur creates a new wave of greenhouse effect to retain our natural resources. The most valuable resource in a country is its human resource, particularly its youth. Therefore, addressing the issue of young unemployment demands prioritising contemporary employment policies connected with the economic environment, to which the EU is attaching growing priority, namely creating green employment in a green economy. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of passion through perceived organisation support, self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and personal signature strength and personality.
“I’ve Really Let Go of the Language Thing.”: Language Learning in Transracial Adoptive Families in South Africa
Authors: Luyt Jean , Swartz Leslie
Published: December 2022

In South Africa, transracial adoption could result in the loss of birth language for the adopted child. Language is an important part of racial and cultural identity in South Africa. Not being able to speak a local African language causes Black African transracial adoptees to be judged by outsiders. Lack of fluency in an appropriate language limits social circles associated with biological family and makes reunion more complex. Many transracial adoptive parents wish to facilitate the learning of a local language for their adopted children or the entire transracial adoptive family. However, despite their best intentions, most transracial adoptive families fail in this endeavor. Reasons for this and recommendations for practice are discussed.
Guidelines of Serious Game Design for Promoting Reframing
Authors: Gao Lanlan , Ward Rupert , Fabricatore Carlo
Published: December 2022

Background.

Reframing could be considered to represent individual and collective twofold values in social learning. When reframing is promoted, it benefits to generate learning processes involving collective inquiry occurring in inter and outer formal education. Digital games, popular as an application for the young generation, are considered a specific community in which social learning occurs by playing games. Serious games (SG) are a type of digital game involving educational purposes. Hence SG is selected as a suitable educational strategy to promote reframing. The previous research investigated features of a gameplay experience associated with reframing. This study develops further based on these game features to examine if/how they improved reframing capabilities. From an educational perspective, specific guidelines were proposed as the research findings to assist serious games in designing and applying game features to enhance the gameplay experience of reframing.

Methods.

An expert evaluation was used to assess the guidelines. The seven experts with experience in game design and teaching were chosen to review the designed guidelines. These experts were required to rate the guidelines using a 5-point Likert scale. All experts offered positive feedback on the finding.

Results.

Research data were analysed and validated via the Content Validity Index. The results showed that a total of 5 guidelines was remained and updated.

Conclusion.

These guidelines can be applied to assist students, game designers, related educators, and researchers who use games to promote reframing or require evidence to link game features with social learning.
Impact of Online Learning on Teachers’ Authority During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Raharjo Raharjo , Abdullah Irwan , Indiyanto Agus , Mariam Siti , Raharjo Firdaus Himawan
Published: December 2022

The aim of the article is to address how online learning is implemented in schools, how teacher competencies influence online learning experiences, and what implication of online learning for teachers’ authority. The data collection uses in-depth interviews with teachers and parents about their experiences with online learning, as well as observations of the learning process at three levels of schools in Indonesia. The findings indicate that the teacher's authority has been fundamentally decreased. This can be evident in the diminishing opportunities for modeling students’ personalities that result in students’ poor enthusiasm for learning and their low obedience to teachers.
Role of Video Lectures in Engineering Education
Authors: Bhardwaj Aashish , Gupta Anu
Published: December 2022

Videos have come-up as self-learning tool in all forms of engineering education, including the formal, informal, and nonformal education. The article presents the different perspectives of using videos in teaching engineering courses. Most popular video lecture series have been discussed with their specific applications and popularity concerns. Along with this, the role of videos in flipped classroom and virtual personal learning environment has been seen from the engineering perspective. Both the theory and the practical perspectives have been considered in the article. The article will serve as a pathway of understanding and applying videos in the engineering education.
Ocular Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Critical Review of Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation and Autoimmune Retinopathy
Authors: Weppelmann Thomas A. , Khalil Sabrina , Zafrullah Nabeel , Amir Sabah , Margo Curtis E.
Published: December 2022

Background: Dozens of paraneoplastic syndromes affect the visual system ranging from conjunctival pemphigoid to encephalopathy of the occipital cortex. The most profiled ocular syndromes are bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and the autoimmune retinopathies.

Purpose: To review the critical features of these 2 entities then concentrate on advancements in treatment made within the last 10 years.

Study Design: Literature review with structured data abstraction.

Results: Major insights into pathogenesis have been wanting. Plasmapheresis appears to improve vision in a substantial proportion of patients with BDUMP. The number of clinical variables that influence visual outcome in paraneoplastic retinopathies combined with the variety of local and systemic treatment options makes interpretation of clinical effectiveness difficult.

Conclusions: The rarity of these disorders makes randomized clinical trials unlikely. It may be time for a clinical professional organization to use a modified Delphi method to establish a consensus algorithm for the diagnosis and management of retinal paraneoplastic syndromes to augment clinical communications and clinical trials.
Managing Diastolic Dysfunction Perioperatively
Authors: Cios Theodore J. , Klick John C. , Roberts S. Michael
Published: December 2022

Preoperative cardiac evaluation is a cornerstone of the practice of anesthesiology. This consists of a thorough history and physical attempting to elucidate signs and symptoms of heart failure, angina or anginal equivalents, and valvular heart disease. Current guidelines rarely recommend preoperative echocardiography in the setting of an adequate functional capacity. Many patients may have poor functional capacity and/or have medical history such that echocardiographic data is available for review. Much focus is often placed on evaluating major valvular abnormalities and systolic function as measured by ejection fraction, but a key impactful component is often overlooked—diastolic function. A diagnosis of diastolic heart failure is an independent predictor of mortality and is not uncommon in patients with normal systolic function. This narrative review addresses the clinical relevance and management of diastolic dysfunction in the perioperative setting.
TULIP: An RNA-seq-based Primary Tumor Type Prediction Tool Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Jones Sara , Beyers Matthew , Shukla Maulik , Xia Fangfang , Brettin Thomas , Stevens Rick , Weil M Ryan , Ranganathan Ganakammal Satishkumar
Published: December 2022

Background:

With cancer as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, accurate primary tumor type prediction is critical in identifying genetic factors that can inhibit or slow tumor progression. There have been efforts to categorize primary tumor types with gene expression data using machine learning, and more recently with deep learning, in the last several years.

Methods

In this paper, we developed four 1-dimensional (1D) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to classify RNA-seq count data as one of 17 highly represented primary tumor types or 32 primary tumor types regardless of imbalanced representation. Additionally, we adapted the models to take as input either all Ensembl genes (60,483) or protein coding genes only (19,758). Unlike previous work, we avoided selection bias by not filtering genes based on expression values. RNA-seq count data expressed as FPKM-UQ of 9,025 and 10,940 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were downloaded from the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) corresponding to 17 and 32 primary tumor types respectively for training and validating the models.

Results:

All 4 1D-CNN models had an overall accuracy of 94.7% to 97.6% on the test dataset. Further evaluation indicates that the models with protein coding genes only as features performed with better accuracy compared to the models with all Ensembl genes for both 17 and 32 primary tumor types. For all models, the accuracy by primary tumor type was above 80% for most primary tumor types.

Conclusions:

We packaged all 4 models as a Python-based deep learning classification tool called TULIP (TUmor CLassIfication Predictor) for performing quality control on primary tumor samples and characterizing cancer samples of unknown tumor type. Further optimization of the models is needed to improve the accuracy of certain primary tumor types.
Barriers and Best Practices in Disclosing a Dementia Diagnosis: A Clinician Interview Study
Authors: Wollney Easton N , Armstrong Melissa J , Bedenfield Noheli , Rosselli Monica , Curiel-Cid Rosie E , Kitaigorodsky Marcela , Levy Ximena , Bylund Carma L
Published: December 2022

The vast majority of individuals with dementia want to receive a diagnosis. Research suggests, however, that only a fraction of individuals with dementia receive a diagnosis and patients and families often feel the information is poorly explained. We thus aimed to assess clinician-reported barriers to dementia disclosure and recommendations for giving a dementia diagnosis. To accomplish this, we performed telephone interviews with 15 clinicians from different specialties using a semi-structured interview guide. Transcripts were analyzed thematically. Clinician-reported barriers fit 3 categories: patient and caregiver-related barriers, clinician-related barriers, and barriers related to the triadic interaction. Patient and caregiver-related barriers included lack of social support, misunderstanding the diagnosis, and denial. Clinician barriers included difficulty giving bad news, difficulty communicating uncertainty, and lack of time. Triadic interaction barriers included c hallenges meeting multiple goals or needs and family requests for non-disclosure. Recommendations for best practice included for clinicians to foster relationships, educate patients and family, and take a family-centered approach. Clinicians described recommendations for fostering relationships such as using empathic communication and developing and maintaining connection. Educating patients and families included tailoring communication, explaining how the diagnosis was reached, and following up. Family approaches included meeting with family members prior to delivering the diagnosis and involving the caregiver in the discussion. Findings may inform updated recommendations for best practices when communicating a dementia diagnosis.
Attachment security as an outcome and predictor of response to trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy among maltreated children with posttraumatic stress: A pilot study
Authors: Allen Brian , Brown Michelle P.
Published: December 2022

Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is a frontline intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among maltreated children. Research suggests that active caregiver participation predicts positive treatment outcomes, but these studies are often based on the perception of the caregiver. Youth perceptions of the caregiver as a source of support who might help confront distressing memories (i.e., attachment security) and how they relate to TF-CBT treatment are unexplored. This paper uses data from a small randomized controlled feasibility trial of TF-CBT to conduct a pilot examination of whether (a) attachment security may improve through the course of TF-CBT, and (b) pre-treatment attachment security predicts response to TF-CBT for the amelioration of posttraumatic stress. Results favored the conclusion that those beginning treatment with attachment insecurity may demonstrate improvement for this outcome by the end of treatment ( n = 8; t = 3.3, p = .013, Cohen’s d = 1.17). However, although significant improvements were found over the course of treatment for PTSD, there was no evidence that pre-treatment attachment security predicted PTSD outcome ( n = 29; ∆ R 2 < .01, ∆ F(1,26) = .001, p = .969). The limitations of the current pilot study are discussed, as well as directions for future research.
A simplified calculation method on the smoke back-layering length and inlet air velocity in a tilted tunnel fire without shaft
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Li Yanfeng , Li Junmei , Tian Wei
Published: December 2022

In a tilted tunnel fire, the inlet air velocity caused by the stack effect at the entrance of the tunnel would be beneficial to smoke control whether the longitudinal ventilation system is used or not. This paper conducted the simulation to investigate the smoke spread behaviours caused by fires in tilted tunnels with natural ventilation. The expression of the smoke back-layering length and the inlet air velocity induced by fires were deduced in the tilted tunnel fire scenarios by the method of dimensional analysis. The effect of various tunnel slopes (5–15%) on the smoke behaviours characteristics and the inlet air velocity were specifically considered. The proposed correlation reveals that the dimensionless back-layering length is independent of the heat release rate (HRR) and its relationship with the tunnel slope is proportional to −1.96 power. The established equation reveals that the dimensionless inlet air velocity is proportional to 0.31 power of the dimensionless HRR and it increases exponentially with the tunnel slope. This research on this topic may contribute to optimize the application of natural ventilation systems or mechanical ventilation in tilted tunnels.
Tropical algebra with high-order matrix for multiple-noise removal
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: December 2022

The technology for multiple-noise removal has triggered skyrocketing interest in both mathematics and engineering, and the tropical algebra has laid the foundation for an abundance of noise filters. However, the denoising of the filter based on the traditional algebra is inextricably complex, and its algorithm is extremely intricate and awfully inefficient, so it is necessary to estimate the statistical characteristics of noise in a novel way. Now the tropical algebra has opened the path for a new way to design optimally a denoising method, which has obvious advantages over traditional ones in denoising efficiency and simple filtering algorithm. In this paper, the idempotent of the multiplicative semigroup of [Formula: see text] tropical matrices is studied. First, the tropical algebra and the tropical matrix multiplicative semigroup are introduced. Second, the idempotent classification of the [Formula: see text] tropical matrix multiplicative semigroup is given. Finally, an example is given, in which the filter based on tropical algebra is used for denoising, and an optimization method with tropical polynomials as constraints is given.
What hinders residents’ prosocial behavior toward tourists? A social cognition perspective
Authors: Dong Xiaojing
Published: December 2022

Drawing on a social cognition perspective, this research challenges the existing comprehension of the fundamental characteristics of resident-tourist relations by proposing that residents have a preference to avoid prosocial behavior toward tourists. Data from 787 residents were analyzed across three experiments to examine residents’ prosocial avoidance effect toward tourists, as well as the mediating mechanism and boundary condition of such effect. Study 1 demonstrates that residents have a preference to avoid prosociality toward tourists. Study 2 shows that perceived cognitive load is a mediating mechanism underlying this avoidance effect in that residents may perceive tourist-oriented prosocial behavior as more cognitively effortful and aversive with less self-efficacy. Finally, study 3 indicates that the perceived cognitive load may not hinder prosocial behavior for residents with high levels of subjective well-being (SWB) because SWB can buffer the cognitive deterrents by stimulating expansive cognitive capability, and increasing inclusive and connected social categorization. This research also advances the understanding of the basics of human nature involving in tourism industry by examining the conflicting motivational dynamics of residents’ prosocial behavior. Theoretical and practical implications are presented.
Detection of near-surface defects using a coin-tap approach based on the equivalent impact stiffness of Hertzian contact theory
Authors: Chen Dongdong , Huo Linsheng , Song Gangbing , Fan Shuli
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a novel method to analyze the mechanical behavior of the coin-tap test using the principle of pounding mechanics is proposed. Based on the Hertzian contact theory, the linearized contact law is applied to simplify the mathematical model of the coin-tap test. By modeling the stiffness of the defect as an equivalent spring in a serial connection with the contact stiffness, the impact force and impact time can be theoretically derived. The derived expressions show that, the closer the defect is to the surface of the structure, the longer the impact duration time and the smaller the impact force will be. In addition, with the increase of defect radii, the peak force and duration of the impact will decrease and increase, respectively. Another innovation of this paper is that an equivalent impact stiffness (EIS)-based damage index (DI) is proposed to reveal the severity and location of the near-surface damages. Two validation experiments were carried out to validate the influences of the damage’s radii and under-surface depths. In the first experiment, the impact force and time of the central point for eight plates are measured to validate the accuracy of the proposed model. In the second experiment, 18 points on the horizontal centerline of eight specimens were tapped at an interval of 1 cm. The recorded pounding force and time were processed by EIS-based DI. Experimental results show that the EIS-based DI can effectively predict the position and severity of the defects and it holds the potential for practical application.
Ten-year incidence of post-transplant Diabetes Mellitus in renal transplant patients
Authors: Habibnia Fatemeh , Oliaei Farshid , Shirafkan Hoda , Abbasi Firoozjah Mobarakeh , Rezaei Roshan Mobina , Akbari Roghayeh
Published: December 2022

Background

Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for renal failure. Development of New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation (NODAT) significantly increases kidney graft loss and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the 10-years prevalence of NODAT in renal transplant patients.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, medical records of non-diabetic patients undergoing kidney transplant in Shahid-Beheshti Hospital of Babol, between March 2009–2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

Totally 284 patients with the mean age of 40.83 ± 12.94 years were included. New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation was identified in 57 (20.1%) patients and 92.98% developed NODAT during the first month after transplantation. New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation and non-NODAT patients were 43.8% and 34.38% female. Graft rejection occurred in 18 (31%) of NODAT and 78 (34%) of non-NODAT patients ( p = .69). Patients with NODAT were about 10 years older (47.88 ± 11.06 vs 38.96 ± 13.12 years; p = .002). The pre-transplant Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) was higher in the NODAT group (93.78 ± 13.78 vs 87.07 ± 11.56, p = .001) and post-transplantation cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was higher in NODAT group (56% vs 40%, p = .021). New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation patients had significantly higher BMI (27.16 ± 5.39 vs 23.94 ± 4.71, p < .001).

Conclusion

New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation is more prevalent in subjects with older age, higher BMI, post-transplant CMV infection, and higher pre-transplant FBS but gender, pre-transplant CMV infection, type of dialysis and smoking were not associated with it. So, these patients should be followed-up more diligently.
Effects of filament fineness and disc type of drawn textured polyester yarns on carpet resilience and appearance retention performance
Authors: Fidan Gülbin , Korkmaz Yasemin , ÇELİK Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2022

The deformation on the carpet texture is generally caused by foot traffic, furniture loading and soiling. The resistance of the carpet to texture distortion depends on the pile yarn characteristic and morphology. In this study, the resilience and appearance retention of carpet samples produced with drawn textured polyester pile yarns which are widely used in the carpet industry, were investigated. In this context, 6 pile yarns were produced with 3 different filament finenesses (3.13, 2.08 and 1.56 dpf) and 2 different disc types (polyurethane and ceramic). The carpet specimens were applied to compression/recovery, dynamic loading, hexapod appearance retention and soiling tests. According to the results, the carpet sample with 2.08 dpf filament fineness and produced by polyurethane disc type showed less thickness loss and better compression recovery results. Hexapod test results showed that the carpet samples with the finest filament had the lowest appearance retention levels. For soiling performance, it was observed that carpet samples with coarser filaments had slightly less staining and disc type had a no significance effect.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder in Adolescence: Preliminary Appraisal Based on a Case Study Approach
Authors: Alves Francisca , Figueiredo Diana Vieira , Vagos Paula
Published: December 2022

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by marked and persistent fear in social situations in which one may be exposed and/or anticipates being exposed to external evaluation and in which embarrassment/humiliation may occur. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been showing promising results in several disorders, including adult SAD. Considering this evidence and given that adolescence is typically the age of onset for SAD, we developed the ACT@TeenSAD, which is a manualized approach to adolescent SAD delivered via videoconference. It encompasses 10 weekly, 90-minute sessions targeting core pathological processes and fostering higher levels of psychological flexibility; it also includes two booster sessions. The current work illustrates the case conceptualization and therapeutic trajectory of a 17-year-old adolescent (Josie; pseudonym) with a 5-year history of SAD that underwent the ACT@TeenSAD. During the course of the intervention, Josie found purpose and learned life skills to cope with adversity, especially in socially relevant situations. This aligns with the pre- to post-intervention progress shown by Josie (using the Reliable Change Index), particularly in measures assessing acceptance, psychological inflexibility, and self-reported social anxiety. Josie’s case study gives preliminary evidence of the acceptability and feasibility of the ACT@TeenSAD, making it a helpful tool for therapists to become familiarized with. The current work also discusses the limitations of the intervention and presents practical challenges and suggestions thought to be useful for therapists.
Reporting of the Translation Process in Qualitative Health Research: A Neglected Importance
Authors: Yunus Nor Akma , olde Hartman Tim , Lucassen Peter , Barton Chris , Russell Grant , Altun Areni , Sturgiss Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

Translation in qualitative research is an essential process to accurately convey participants’ meanings between languages, thus ensuring the trustworthiness of qualitative research. However, detailed reporting of this crucial process is not included in current reporting guidelines. We will illustrate the complexity of the translation process based on our experiences across research contexts in three countries. We also provide recommendations to preserve participants’ meanings and research trustworthiness. These experiences highlight the importance of accurately reporting the translation process in cross-language qualitative health research and emphasise the need for a clear and comprehensive reporting guideline.
Tolerance analysis method considering multifactor coupling based on the Jacobian–torsor model
Authors: Yang Zhaohui , Yang Wenrong , Gao Tianshi , Zhang Yu
Published: December 2022

Assembly quality affects the performance of mechanical products and reasonable tolerance designs are central to assembly quality. Unreasonable tolerance design leads to the mechanical equipment performance degradation under complex operating conditions. This study developed a novel tolerance analysis method that considers the influence of temperature, load, and other environmental factors based on the Jacobian–torsor and skin models. First, the deformation caused by multifactor coupling was analyzed using the finite element method, and the feature surface of deformation is extracted. Second, the deformation extraction and tolerance conversion based on the new generation geometrical product specification theory was used to convert the deformation of the feature into the dimension, orientation, and form tolerance. Third, the modified Jacobian–torsor model considering multifactor coupling was constructed by superimposing the converted tolerance with the design tolerances. Finally, the abrasion problem of the airborne actuator was considered as an example to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the novel method. Through the accurate calculation of tolerances, it accurately analyzes the assembly state of the product under the influence of environmental factors, and provides more accurate guidance for the design and optimization of product tolerance in complex working conditions.