bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of stresses in soils with modernized sensors
Authors: Kulikov Aleksandr
Published: July 2019

This article is devoted to the modernization of handicrafts manufactured to measure the stress in the ground (messdose). Today, when designing buildings and structures, an important task is to determine the amount of expected precipitation. The calculated values are not always objective, especially in the conditions of Western Siberia, where weak organic-mineral soils are common. Based on the experience of the introduction of sensors measuring the voltage in the ground, the author identified a number of factors by which they most likely fail. According to approximate calculations, until the end of the average natural experiment, about 25 % of the messdose remain operable. The author proposed options for upgrading sensors to minimize the risks of their failure. The main causes of sensor failure: contact breakdown, depressurization, short circuit. They are eliminated by inserting fiberglass boards and two-stage sealing into the sensor body. The body of the sensors was made of titanium. Cyanoacrylate glue was used for sticking the strain gauges onto the body of the messdose. Sealing was performed with epoxy resin. As a signal cable used 4-core cable KSPV. Calibration of the sensors was carried out in an aerostatic tank. Upgraded sensors were tested during a laboratory experiment. The author tested a sample of weak organic soil in compression conditions. No total pressure sensor has failed. The convergence of the sensor readings with the load applied to the sample is very high. The measurement error did not exceed 10 %. The author also attempted to make handicraft sensors to measure pore pressures in the ground, but during the implementation they all failed.
The need for an integrated use of the tools of territorial marketing and branding at the regional and municipal levels of government (for example, the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Akhmetov Vilyur , Isyanbaev Mazgar , Sharipova Nelya
Published: July 2019

In this article, on the example of the districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the need for a comprehensive use of marketing and branding tools at the municipal level is actualized.
The marketing approach in municipal management is considered as one of the effective mechanisms in increasing the investment and tourist attractiveness of depressed territories.
Designated foreign and domestic experience in the field of territorial marketing and branding.
The problems and prospects of applying the tools of territorial marketing and branding in relation to the Uchalinsky municipal district – one of the south-eastern regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan – are analyzed in detail.
The conclusion is made about the need to diversify the economy of the region and the feasibility of developing a comprehensive program – the “Marketing Concept of Uchaly District of the Republic of Bashkortostan”, aimed at increasing its investment attractiveness and competitiveness.
A number of territorial brands for the Uchalinsky district of the Republic of Belarus are proposed – “Uchalinskaya Jasper”, “Uchalinsk Gold”, “Uchalinsky Silver”, “Uchalinsky Kumys” and others.
The necessity of introducing in the Department of Economic Development, Investments and Entrepreneurship of the District Administration additional staff units of specialists in the field of territorial marketing and branding, which would supervise more clearly the issues of patenting, branding of local products, is substantiated.
As a result of the study, the authors prove the necessity of organizing in the future in the Republic of Bashkortostan a tourism and recreation zone with a preferential taxation for subjects of ethnic business, including agricultural and ethnic tourism, primarily in the south-eastern regions.
It was concluded that the integrated application of the marketing approach in the regional and municipal management will contribute to increasing the investment and tourist attractiveness of rural areas, more efficient development of the rural economy, growth of employment, incomes and quality of life of villagers.
DA DOCÊNCIA PRESENCIAL À DOCÊNCIA ONLINE: APRENDIZAGENS DE PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: CARMO RENATA DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA , FRANCO ALÉXIA PÁDUA
Published: July 2019

RESUMO: Este estudo trata de como vem ocorrendo, para professores com experiência na docência universitária presencial, a aprendizagem da prática docente na sala de aula online em um programa de EAD de uma instituição de ensino superior. Seu objetivo é investigar as aprendizagens desses professores para ensinar quando, da modalidade presencial, passaram a atuar como professores-tutores online em cursos de graduação a distância. A metodologia usada foi a da história temática oral, para a qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco professores com o perfil delimitado pelo estudo. Esta pesquisa evidencia que a aprendizagem do ensinar em cursos de graduação na modalidade a distância representa uma ressignificação daquilo que esses professores universitários comumente realizavam no contexto presencial devido às especificidades do tempo e do espaço da sala de aula online e ainda quanto ao relacionamento com o corpo discente, à construção do conhecimento e ao trabalho docente.
A PRODUÇÃO DAS IDENTIDADES/DIFERENÇAS PELA PEDAGOGIA DA ALTERNÂNCIA NO CEFFA DE JI-PARANÁ/RO
Authors: Valadão Alberto Dias , Backes José Licínio
Published: July 2019

RESUMO O artigo analisa o processo de produção das identidades/diferenças no contexto da Pedagogia da Alternância. O estudo está inscrito nos Estudos Culturais, em sua interface com a Psicologia Social. No primeiro momento, argumenta-se que as identidades/diferenças não são naturais, mas produzidas; no segundo, mostram-se os caminhos investigativos e instrumentos utilizados (entrevistas, observações e análise de documentos curriculares); por fim, apresentam-se os resultados, que indicam que a Pedagogia da Alternância, ao ter como objetivo valorizar o sujeito do campo e sua identidade, produz algumas diferenças como indesejáveis e desviantes, portanto, a serem corrigidas ou excluídas.
MCF-7 ve PC-3 Hücre Hatlarında, Hücre Canlılığı ve DNA Hasarı Üzerine TRPV4 Antagonisti RN 1734'ün Etkileri
Authors: ÇAKIR Murat , Erden Yavuz
Published: July 2019

Giriş
ve Amaç: Hücre içi kalsiyum (Ca2+) sinyali; hücre
proliferasyonu ve farklılaşması, gen transkripsiyonu, apoptozis gibi birçok
hücresel süreçte rol oynar. Yapılan çalışmalarda Ca2+ sinyalinin
kanser ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) kanalları hücre zarında
bulunan Ca2+  geçirgen
non-selekif katyon kanalıdır. TRPV4 kanalları vücutta birçok dokuda yaygın
olarak eksprese edilmektedir. Hücre içi Ca2+ miktarının
düzenlenmesinde etkisi olan TRPV4 kanallarının kanser hücrelerinin
proliferasyonu, apoptosizi, migrasyonu ve tümor anjiogenezi ile ilgili önemli
rolleri olduğu görülmüştür. Biz bu çalışmada TRPV4
antagonisti olan RN 1734’ün, insan prostat (PC-3) ve insan meme (MCF-7) kanseri
hücre hatlarında hücre canlılığı ve DNA hasarı üzerine etkilerini araştırdık.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda insan prostat (PC-3)
ve insan meme (MCF-7) kanseri hücre hatları kullanıldı. RN 1734 1, 5, 25, 50 ve
100 μM’lik konsantrasyonlarda, 24 saatlik A-2780 ve MCF-7 hücre canlılığına
olan etkisi 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromid (MTT)
yöntemiyle ölçüldü. RN 1734’ün DNA hasarına etkisi Comet Assay yöntemine göre belirlendi.

Bulgular: 24 saat süreyle RN 1734’ün
özellikle 50 ve 100 μM’lik konsantrasyonlarıyla inkübe edilen PC-3 ve MCF-7
hücrelerde canlılık düzeyi önemli ölçüde azaldı (p<0.05). Ayrıca RN 1734
uygulaması sonrası hücre DNA hasarı düzeyinde anlamlı artışın olduğu görüldü
(p<0.05).

Sonuç:
Biz
bu çalışmada TRPV4 antagonisti olan RN 1734'ün, PC-3 ve MCF-7 hücre hatlarında
hücre canlılığını azalttığını ve DNA hasarına 
neden olduğunu bulduk. Bizim bulgularımız, TRPV4 antagonisti
uygulanmasının kanser hücrelerine karşı yeni bir tedavi yaklaşımı olabileceğini
düşündürmektedir.
Azalmış over reservi olan olgularda long GnRH Agonist, GnRH Antagonist ve Mikrodoz Flare-up Agonist protokollerinin IVF sonuçları üzerine etkisi
Authors: ÖZELÇİ Runa , ALDEMİR Oya , YENİGÜL Nefise Nazlı , DİLBAZ Serdar , MORALOĞLU TEKİN Özlem
Published: July 2019

Amaç: Düşük  over rezervi tanısıyla IVF programına alınan
hastalarda uygulanan  mikro doz flare up
, GnRH antagonist  ve long GnRH
agonist  gibi farklı  protokollerin IVF başarısındaki etkinliğinin
karşılaştırılması.

Gereç
ve yöntemler: Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Ankara
Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi IVF Kliniğine Ocak 2009 ve
Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran ve düşük over reservi tanısı alan
hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. 713 kadın 
kullanılan kontrollü ovarian stimulasyon protokellerine göre 3 gruba
ayrıldı: Grup A(n=327)  GnRH antagonist
protokol, Grup B(n=184), long GnRH agonist protokol ve Grup C (n=202) mikrodoz
flare-up protokol olarak belirlendi. Gruplar arasında ovarian stimulasyon
karekteristikleri ve klinik gebelik sonuçları karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular:713
olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Long GnRH agonist protokol grubu, Grup A ve Grup C
ile  karşılaştırıldığında  stimulasyon süresi anlamlı olarak daha uzun
ve  matur oosit sayısı daha fazla
bulundu(p=0.001).Total gonadotropin dozu ve siklus iptal oranları grup C de
anlamlı olarak yüksekti(p=0.001).Gruplar arasında toplanan oosit sayısı
açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Klinik gebelik oranları bakımından gruplar
arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi(p=0.337).

Sonuç:
Düşük
over reservi olan kadınlarda tedavi süresi maliyeti azaltması nedeniyle , GnRH
antagonist protokolü tedavi seçeneği olabilir.
Determinação de compostos fenólicos e avaliação do potencial genotóxico e antiproliferativo de extratos aquosos das folhas de Psidium cattleianum Sabine (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Hister Carmine Aparecida Lenz , Trapp Kassia Cauana , Boligon Aline Augusti , Tedesco Solange Bosio
Published: July 2019

Psidium cattleianum é uma espécie nativa do Brasil valorizada pelo seu uso na medicina popular. O trabalho visou avaliar a atividade genotóxica e antiproliferativa do extrato aquoso de P. cattleianum usando o teste de Allium cepa, bem como testar sua capacidade de reverter mutações ocasionadas pela exposição ao glifosato e ainda determinar os compostos fenólicos presentes nesse extrato. Folhas foram coletadas em quatro acessos: Cerro Largo, Segredo, Tupanciretã e Silveira Martins. Os extratos foram preparados por decocção das folhas em duas concentrações: 15 g.L-1 e 75 g.L-1. Água destilada foi utilizada como controle negativo e glifosato 2% como controle positivo. Foram analisadas 8000 mil células de raízes de cebola por tratamento. Amostras dos extratos aquosos foram analisadas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência – CLAE. A análise estatística foi realizada pelos testes Qui-quadrado e Scott-Knott (p < 0,05). Os resultados mostraram que os extratos inibiram a divisão celular de raízes de cebola. Apenas o acesso de Cerro Largo na concentração 15 g.L-1 apresentou genotoxicidade. Os extratos testados na recuperação reverteram parcialmente as alterações cromossômicas. A CLAE mostrou a predominância de quercitrina em um acesso e quercetina nos demais. Conclui-se que os extratos aquosos de araçá possuem atividade antiproliferativa sobre a divisão celular de A. cepa, o que pode ser extrapolado para outros tipos celulares eucarióticos.
Low-Dose Streptozotocin Induction Protocol (mouse) v1
Authors: Brosius Frank
Published: July 2019

Summary: This protocol is used by DiaComp members to induce diabetes in a number of the animal models developed by the consortium. STZ is toxic to the insulinproducing beta cells of the pancreas and used to induce a diabetes similar to a type I diabetic (Reference). Some reports suggest cellular toxicity outside of the pancreas. STZ also exhibits broad spectrum antibacterial properties and alters the gut microbiota. Please ensure that appropriate controls are included in all studies and complementary models considered (e.g. the Ins2Akita mouse). Diabetic Complications:
Isolation of rodent eyes for analysis of diabetic retinopathy v1
Authors: Kern Timothy
Published: July 2019

Summary: This protocol describes the procedure used by the DiaComp to isolate rodent eyes to phenotype for Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetic Complication:
Removal and Preservation of the Urinary Bladder v1
Authors: Danashgeri Firuoz
Published: July 2019

Summary: This protocol describes the proper procedure for harvesting bladders from rats or mice for use by the DiaComp Uropathy group. Diabetic Complication:
scNMT-seq v3
Authors: Clark Stephen
Published: July 2019

Here we describe the full wetlab protocol for scNMT-seq (single-cell nucleosome position, methylome and transcriptome sequencing), a plate-based single-cell multi-omic method. In scNMT-seq, a GpC methyltransferase is used to label non-nucleosome bound DNA thus encoding chromatin accessiblity information within the genomic DNA. Bisulfite conversion is then used to discriminate the two chromatin states which can be read from GpC dinucleotide positions. Endogenous DNA methylation is read from the CpG positions of the same molecules and gene expression data is obtained by capturing poly-A RNA on magnetic beads and pysically separating before the gDNA is bisulfite converted. This mRNA on beads is pocessed using Smart-seq2. The protocol is carried out in 96w plates and typically takes 3-4 days to complete.
Pozitif ve Negatif Duyguların Ayrımında Etkili EEG Kanallarının Dalgacık Dönüşümü ve Destek Vektör Makineleri ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: ALAKUŞ Talha Burak , TÜRKOĞLU İbrahim
Published: July 2019

Duygular
kişilerin yaşamlarını ve karar verme mekanizmalarını hayatının tamamında
etkilemektedir. İnsanlar duygulara kelimeleri, sesleri, yüz mimiklerini ve
vücut dillerini kullanarak istemli ya istemsiz bir şekilde, iş yaparken,
gözlemlerken, düşünürken kısacası çevresiyle iletişim kurarken başvururlar.
Bundan dolayı, duyguların davranışlarını analiz etmek ve anlamak büyük önem arz
etmektedir. Beyin sinyallerine dayalı gerçekleştirilen duygu tahmini günümüzde
Beyin-Bilgisayar Arayüzü (BBA) uygulamalarında büyük yarar sağlamaktadır. BBA
uygulamaları daha çok sağlık, eğitim, güvenlik, sanal gerçeklik, bilgisayar
oyunları olmak üzere birbirinden farklı birçok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Ancak,
beyin sinyallerinin elde edilmesi sırasında gürültülerin ortaya çıkması, EEG
kanallarının yanlış seçilmesi, verilerin yoğun olması ve uygun olmayan özellik
çıkarım yöntemlerinin kullanılması, BBA uygulamalarının yeterli seviyeye
gelememelerine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, hangi EEG kanallarının
pozitif-negatif duyguların ayrımında etkili olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılmış ve
DEAP veri setindeki 32 kanallı EEG sinyalleri kullanılmıştır. Özellik çıkarım aşamasında,
dalgacık dönüşümü, bilgi ölçüm yöntemleri ve istatistiksel yöntemler
kullanılarak etkili EEG kanallarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın
son aşamasında ise, elde edilen özelliklerden yola çıkılarak oluşturulan eğitim
kümesi DVM (Destek Vektör Makineleri) kullanılarak sınıflandırılmıştır.
Önerilen yöntemin sınıflandırma performansı, sınıflandırma kesinliği, log-kaybı
ve on kat çapraz-doğrulama) ile belirlenmiştir. Her bir EEG kanalı için
doğruluk oranı hesaplanmış ve ortalama başarım %74 olacak şekilde
gözlemlenmiştir. Önerilen yöntem ve tekniklere göre en etkili EEG kanalları
Fp1, FC6, C4, CP1, CP5, CP6, T7, P7 ve Pz olarak belirlenmiştir.
The Issue of Necessity of Determining the Category of Advenal Participants of the Russian Criminal Proceedings: Criminal Procedural Law and Criminalistic Aspects
Authors: Smirnova I. G. , Foigel E. I.
Published: July 2019

A multinational character of our state (currently more than 204 nationalities live on the territory of the Russian Federation), a considerable representation of migrants and naturalized foreign citizens among the Russian population, a large number of foreign citizens who are in Russia illegally adversely affect criminality in the country and entail difficulties for the investigation of relevant criminal cases. At the moment, we can argue that a new element has emerged in the structure of the Russian population, namely: naturalized citizens of Russia and foreign citizens who differ in their ethnicity from the titular ethnic group and the peoples of the Russian Federation having national territorial formations on the basis of their national language, culture, traditions, mentality and values. The authors of the article believe that such persons form an independent group of advenals. Difficulties with the implementation of such principles as respect for the honor and dignity of such individuals, language of court proceedings, the right to freedom of religion considered in the paper result in drawing a conclusion about the necessity of development of methods of investigation of advenal crimes. They include a set of scientific premises and practical recommendations developed on the basis of such premises used to organize and implement identification, investigation, disclosure and prevention of crimes committed by advenal persons against advenal persons or crimes perceived by advenal persons whose personal characteristics, as reflected in their activities, determine the course of conduct of investigators collecting, examining and evaluating evidence in a case.
The Cyclical Nature of Law and Legal System Transformation: Theoretical and Methodological Bases of Research
Authors: Barsukov A. Yu.
Published: July 2019

In the paper, the author notes the acceleration of dynamics of social and legal transformation in modern Russia. The need to study the constitutional and legal cycles of development of the Russian society is highlighted. The concepts of «cycle», «time» and «rhythm» of transformation of law and legal system are correlated. Attention is drawn to the problem of crisis phenomena in the process of functioning and development of the legal system of modern Russian society. The possibility and prospects of using the theoretical model of legal development cycles in the study of crisis legal phenomena are analyzed. The crisis is interpreted as an integral part of the structure of legal development of society, which carries negative and positive aspects. The causes, conditions and types of crisis phenomena of law and legal system are considered. The author concludes that it is efficient to differentiate subjects of cyclic dynamics of the Russian legal system in a relatively independent direction of state and legal research.
Conflict-Of-Law and "Non Law" Renovation of the Lex Mercatoria, Smart Contracts and Blockchain Arbitration
Authors: Mazhorina M. V.
Published: July 2019

The central institute of private international law — conflict of law — in the modern globalization and information context is evolving, which is largely due to the paradigm shifts in law, laid down and developed based on international commercial arbitration. The widely interpreted concept of «rules of law» actualizes a completely new view of conflicting arrays of rules: the law of the state and the system of non-state regulators. The medieval lex mercatoria, revived in the XX century, is modernized by cyberspace, acquires a new sound in the form of e-merchant or lex informatica, especially in the context of the parallel development of smart contracts and new decentralized forms of dispute resolution, one of which is blockchain arbitration. In particular, the issues of conflict of law, traditional for cross-border transactions, arise in relation to smart contracts, which, using blockchain technology, are inherently linked to several jurisdictions. It is important to reflect on the questions of applicability of traditional conflict-of-laws bindings to the regulation of relevant relations, including through forecasting the practice of choosing the law of a state, the substantive rules of which are adapted to the use of new technologies, or recourse to the rules of non-state regulation.
Vascular conflicts in andrology. Part 1. Upper level arteryovenous conflicts
Authors: Kapto Alexandr А. , Smyslova Zoja V.
Published: July 2019

This article presents a review of the literature on the prevalence, classification, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of upper level arteriovenous conflicts: nutcracker syndrome and posterior nutcracker syndrome.
A represión franquista en Ourense
Authors: Cid Fernández Xosé Manuel
Published: July 2019

A represión sufrida polo maxisterio en 1936 foi un proceso meditado e organizado para derrubar todo o que lembrase á escola republicana, tanto o seu soporte ideolóxico, como as innovacións metodolóxicas experimentadas nese curto período de renovación e democratización. Ourense foi unha das prazas fortes na consolidación da escola republicana –cunha poderosa asociación con conciencia de clase e unha revista vangardista–, e a resposta dos golpistas pódese cualificar de cruel e desproporcionada. Os amañados consellos de guerra, os paseos, a destitución e/ou inhabilitación para o exercicio da ensinanza, os traslados, as suspensións temporais de emprego e soldo foron as principais sancións a que se enfrontaban, e que padeceu aproximadamente un terzo dos máis de 1700 mestres da provincia. Os outros dous terzos non se libraron dun férreo control sobre a súa vida privada e o seu exercicio profesional. Moitos dos mais perseguidos evitaron o paso de “destituídos” a “paseados” aproveitando a solidariedade dos veciños, das organizacións de axuda a republicanos e das poboacións fronteirizas da raia portuguesa.Jose Antonio Afonso (2016), Escolas rurais na 1ª República portuguesa. 1910-1926. Discursos e representações sobre a periferia. Entre todas as acusacións, a pertenza á ATEO (Asociación de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza de Orense) era de alto risco, polo que os dirixentes tiraron de imaxinación para pórse a cuberto. De feito, o número de dirixentes da Asociación paseados redúcese a tres, que, ademais, non eran dos mais activos no seu funcionamento. A maior parte conseguiu exiliarse ou permanecer agochada.
Ritmos com sentido. Educar o corpo, a alma e o espírito em escolas Waldorf
Authors: Pereira Henriques Raquel
Published: July 2019

Este artigo insere-se no âmbito do projeto INOVAR – Roteiros da inovação pedagógica: escolas e experiências de referência em Portugal no século XX, financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) desde maio de 2016. Pretende-se analisar historicamente modelos pedagógicos ou experiências educativas que tenham surgido como inovadoras, ou que ainda representem formas de escolarização alternativas ao modelo escolar mais comum, perceber que metodologias de trabalho eram ou são utilizadas, que fundamentos e percursos caracterizam cada uma dessas instituições. O Jardim de Infância São Jorge é uma das escolas que faz parte desse conjunto estudado. É um estabelecimento de ensino particular e cooperativo, sem fins lucrativos, fundado em 1984 segundo os princípios da pedagogia Waldorf criada por Rudolf Steiner. Foram utilizados textos deste filósofo, diversos estudos teóricos, a documentação de arquivo na escola, testemunhos orais de educadores e pais e, também, a observação direta e participante de algumas atividades.
DOĞU AKDENİZ SEDİMANLARINDAN İZOLE EDİLEN BAKTERİLERİN FİLOGENETİK ÇEŞİTLİLİĞİ VE ANTİBİYOTİK DİRENÇLİLİĞİ
Authors: TUNÇER İlknur , BİZSEL Nihayet
Published: July 2019

Doğu Akdeniz'in sığ ve derin bölgelerindeki sedimanlardan izole edilen bakterilerin filogenetik çeşitliliği ve antibiyotik duyarlılığı çalışılmıştır. Dünyadaki en oligotrofik ortamlardan biri olan çalışma alanından izole edilen 153 suşun Firmicutes ve Gammaproteobacteria taksonlarına ait oldukları bulunmuştur. 16S rRNA gen dizisi analizi ile belirlendiği üzere, her sediman örneğinde Bacillus en sık görülen cins olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 10 farklı bakteri ailesinden çok çeşitli türler elde edilmiş, özellikle toplam izolatların yüzde 12’sini yeni türlerin oluşturduğu görülmüştür. En yüksek antibiyotik direncinin derin havzalara kıyasla kıyı sedimanlarda olduğu gösterilmiştir. Çevresel parametrelerin bakteri toplulukları üzerinde etkisinin olduğu belirtilmekle birlikte Doğu Akdeniz'in derin havzalarına kıyasla özellikle Kuzey Ege Denizi'ndeki daha sığ bölgeler için yüksek taksonlarda daha fazla filogenetik çeşitliliğin olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
FARKLI OLGUNLUK AŞAMALARINDAKİ ALTIN ÇİLEĞİN (Physalıs peruvıana L.) BİLEŞİM ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: BİLENLER Tuğça , KARABULUT İhsan
Published: July 2019

Physalis cinsinin meyvesi olan altın çilek, (Physalis peruviana L.) sağlık üzerine olumlu etkileri nedeni ile ilgi çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada altın çileğin olgunlaşmamış ve olgunlaşmış meyvelerinin bazı fiziko kimyasal özellikleri (kuru madde, pH, suda çözünür kuru madde (SÇKM)), antioksidan aktivitesi ve meyveye biyoaktivite kazandıran fotokimyasallarındaki (β-karoten, organik asit, şeker ve fenolik bileşiklerindeki) değişim belirlenmiştir. Olgunlaşma seviyesi arttıkça kuru madde 19.45 to 21.01’e ve SÇKM 11.99 to 14.51’e, antioksidan kapasite 3.52’den 8.07 µmol trolox/100 g kuru ağırlık (KA)’a, toplam fenolik madde miktarı 6.27’den 19.00 mg Gallik Asit Eşdeğeri/100 g KA’a ve β-karoten miktarı 20.38’den 139.57 mg/kg KA değerine artmıştır. Gallik asit ham ve olgun meyvelerde başlıca fenolik bileşen olarak sırasıyla 495.00 ve 519.30 mg /kg KA düzeylerinde saptanırken, ham meyvelerde prosiyanidin B1, kafeik asit ve rutin saptanmamıştır. Sitrik asit miktarı 96.06’dan 83.69 mg/kg KA’a düşerken, malik asit miktarı 10.33’den 14.54 mg/kg KA’a yükselmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelenen özelliklerin meyvenin olgunluk düzeyinden etkilendiğini göstermiştir.
FİTOPATOJEN BAKTERİLERE AİT SALGI SİSTEMLERİNİN GENEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: BAŞ Berna
Published: July 2019

ÖZET   Bakteriler çeşitli amaçlara hizmet eden protein/protein benzeri maddeleri kendi hücre membranlarından dış ortama veya direk konukçu hücrelerine aktaracak şekilde çeşitli salgı ve eksport sistemleri geliştirmişlerdir. Bu derleme de mevcut olan salgı sistemlerinin karmaşık yapıları, görevleri, hedefledikleri bölgeleri ve bakteri hücresi zarf yapılarının özellikleriyle beraber ele alınmıştır. Özellikle çok az sayıda çalışması bulunan fitopatojen bakterilerin mevcut olan salgı sistemleriyle ilgili bağlantılarının yanısıra yeni gelişmeler de sunulmuştur.     
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK MINERAL PIRIT PADA BATUBARA BERDASARKAN HASIL ANALISIS MIKROSKOPI, PROKSIMAT, SULFUR TOTAL, DAN X-RAY DIFRACTION
Authors: Widodo Sri , Sufriadin Sufriadin , Ansyariah Ansyariah , Budiman Agus Ardianto , Asmiani Nur , Jafar Nurlia , Babay Muh. Firman
Published: July 2019

Mineral pirit merupakan salah satu mineral sulfida yang sangat sering dijumpai di dalam batubara. Kehadiran mineral pirit sangat berpotensi menimbulkan masalah pada kegiatan penambangan dan pemanfaatan batubara. Terkhusus pada kegiatan penambangan, mineral pirit berpotensi menimbulkan air asam tambang (acid mine drainage) dan pada pemanfaatannya menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Permasalahan tersebut melatarbelakangi penulis untuk melakukan kegiatan penelitian dan analisis terhadap karakteristik mineral pirit yang terkandung pada batubara di Desa Massenrengpulu, Kecamatan Lamuru, Kabupaten Bone, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis mikroskopi (petrografi), ultimat (total sulfur) dan X-Ray Diffraction. Hasil analisis mikroskopi menunjukkan bahwa mineral pirit pada batubara di bawah mikroskop terlihat dalam keadaan bebas (tidak terikat) dan tidak terinklusi oleh mineral lain. Kenampakan di bawah mikroskop juga memperlihatkan adanya mineral kuarsa yang diinklusi oleh mineral karbonat. Kenampakan mineral pirit (FeS2) (iron sulfide) memperlihatkan warna krem pucat, isotropik, relief tinggi, berbutir halus, tersebar tidak merata pada massa maseral. Hasil pengamatan mikroskop menunjukkan bahwa bentuk mineral pirit yang dominan adalah bentuk pirit framboidal yang terdiri dari kristal oktahedral, ukuran halus dan speroidal. Hasil analisis XRD memperlihatkan mineral pirit terdeteksi dalam difaktogram pada semua conto batubara ML-1, ML-2A, ML-3, ML-4 dan ML-F. Pada sampel ML-1 terlihat peak tertinggi dengan sudut 2θ 33.26o dan  intensitas 2.6195Å. Pada Conto ML-1 juga terlihat di sudut 2θ 57.982o dengan intensitas 1.5893Å dan peak pirit masih sangat mendominasi dan mempunyai sistem kristal isometrik. Hasil analisis ultimat (total sulfur) conto batubara yang diteliti memiliki kandungan sulfur minimum 1,54% (sampel ML-F) dan  maksimum 11,86% (sampel ML-1). Rata-rata kandungan sulfur total pada sampel batubara di daerah penelitian memperlihatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 5,18%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa batubara yang dianalisis dikatagorikan sebagai batubara dengan kandungan sulfur yang tinggi. Mineral pirit merupakan mineral sulfida yang paling umum dijumpai pada batubara dan memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap kandungan sulfur pada batubara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, karakteristik pirit pada batubara yang terdapat di daerah penelitian berpotensi memicu terbentuknya air asam tambang dan dapat menimbulkan masalah dalam pemanfaatannya.Kata Kunci: batubara, mineral pirit, total sulfur, mikroskopi, XRD, air asam tambang.
STUDI AWAL PEMANFAATAN KAYU KARET SEBAGAI MATERIAL SIDE POST TEROWONGAN TAMBANG BAWAH TANAH
Authors: Mustofa Adip
Published: July 2019

Keberadaan terowongan perlu dijamin existensinya agar keselamatan kerja dan kegiatan Tambang Bawah Tanah dapat berjalan lancar. Kayu merupakan material penyangga terowongan tambang bawah tanah batubara yang sering digunakan karena banyak tersedia di sekitar area tambang, oleh karena itu studi awal pemanfaatan kayu karet untuk side post penyangga three piece set dilakukan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode uji fisik mekanik 16 potongan kayu balok sama sisi 5cm untuk mengetahui sifat fisik terutama kadar air dan berat jenis; serta metode uji sifat mekanik kuat lentur dan kuat tekan. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode penentuan dimensi lubang bukaan, perhitungan tegangan izin kayu, perhitungan tegangan pada lubang bukaan dan perhitungan tegangan pada side post beserta faktor keamanannya. Sedang analasis data dilakukan dengan penilaian terhadap faktor kemanan dan korelasi kelas keawetan kayu.Data kondisi geoteknik lokasi tambang yang diperoleh dari data sekunder yaitu: bobot isi batuan 2,3821 gr/cm3, kuat tekan 7,8234 Mpa, modulus elastisitas 156,7 Mpa, poisson’s ratio 0,395, kohesi 1,5567 Mpa dan sudut geser dalam 39,200 dengan peringkat masa batuan (RMR) 38.  Karakter fisik kayu khususnya kadar air 12%-18% dan berat jenis 0,48-0,61; karakteristik mekanik dengan kuat tekan 215,36-351,97 kg/cm2 dan kuat lentur 509,63-689,79 kg/cm2.  Plotting RMR dalam grafik Bieniawski dihasilkan rekomendasi dimensi lubang bukaan (terowongan) tambang bawah tanah 1,65-7 m dan stand up time 8 – 80 jam    Dalam olah data dipilih demensi terowongan max 4 m berkait pertimbangan kebutuhan demensi terowongan dan ketersediaan panjang kayu karet dilapangan hanya berkisar 2-4m. Hasil perhitungan tegangan izin kayu menggunakan persamaan Biron dan Arioglu diperoleh 97,575 kg/cm2.  Hasil perhitungan tegangan horizontal terowongan menggunakan persamaan Unal diperoleh 1,929-3,858 kg/cm2. Perhitungan tegangan bending side post menggunakan persamaan Biron dan Airoglu diperoleh 9,235-108,126 kg/cm2, sedang faktor kemanan menggunakan berbagai ukuran panjang kayu diperoleh 0,607- 4,626. Hasil perhitungan olah data diketahui bahwa khusus kayu dengan dimensi panjang 2-2,5m memiliki Faktor Keamanan (FK) penyangga side post  ≥1,5.
Experimental High-Resolution Forecasting of Volcanic Ash Hazard at Sakurajima, Japan
Authors: Poulidis Alexandros Panagiotis , Takemi Tetsuya , Iguchi Masato ,   Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan,   Sakurajima Volcano Research Center, Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University, Kagoshima, Japan
Published: July 2019

A high-resolution forecast methodology for the ash hazard at Sakurajima volcano, Japan, is presented. The methodology employs a combined modeling approach and utilizes eruption source parameters estimated by geophysical observations from Sakurajima, allowing for a proactive approach in forecasting. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to downscale Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) forecast data over the area of interest. The high-resolution meteorological data are then used in FALL3D model to provide a forecast for the ash dispersal and deposition. The methodology is applied for an eruption that occurred on June 16, 2018. Disdrometer observations of ashfall are used along with ash dispersal modeling to inform the choice of the total grain size distribution (TGSD). A series of pseudo-forecast ash dispersal simulations are then carried out using the proposed methodology and estimated TGSD, initialized with meteorological forecast data released up to ∼13 hours before the eruption, with results showing surprising consistency up to ∼10 hours before the eruption. Using forecast data up to 4 hours before the eruption was seen to constrain observation to model ratios within a factor of 2–4 depending on the timing of simulation and location. A number of key future improvements for the methodology are also highlighted.
Da'wah Amongst Secular Communities: Case Study on Al-Falah Mosque Indonesian Society, Berlin
Authors: Yusuf M. Yunan
Published: July 2019

As the capital city of the Federal Republic of Germany, Berlin shows shades of very thick secular life. Society perceives that religious or supernatural beliefs are not considered as key understanding the world. Therefore, religion must be separated from issues of government and public affairs. It simply seen as merely an individual problem. Inevitably the nuances of life, it will affect Indonesian who are followers of Islam in Berlin. They will be a challenge, especially the Moslem communities who interact with fellow Moslems in maintaining Islamic values is very rarely. In addition, it also felt the rise of individualism attitude that emphasizes life nafsi-nafsi among themselves. This obviously affects the religious belief that a bit much degraded in consciousness and its practice. To overcome this, Al-Falah Mosque Indonesisches Weisheitits-und Kulturzentrum (IWKZ) Berlin proselytizes enlightening discussion. These da’wah activities carried out can stem the influence of secular life faced by Indonesian who are Moslem in Berlin.
Salaam Greeting to Spread Peace in The Archipelago of Indonesia
Authors: Andriana Nesia
Published: July 2019

Maintaining peace in the world has always been a noble aim, yet it remains an endless polemic. The archipelago of Indonesia, known as Nusantara, is home to more than 600 ethnic groups and if it is not well organized, it can lead to conflicts. This study aims to examine Islamic values, especially those conveyed in the hadeeths of Saheeh Bukhari, the Chapter on Seeking Permission. The focus of this study is to examine the relevant hadeeths to identify the pillars that Muslims can use to build and nurture peace in the archipelago. This research is conducted through literature review approach. The content of the hadeeths is associated with events that occurred in Nusantara, both in the era of independence and in the era of reform to reveal the potentials of Muslims as a majority, to maintain peace and unity throughout the archipelago. The study reveals that the saheeh hadeeths related to greeting of salaam and its rules contain the basic pillars that can contribute to sustaining peace in the archipelago. These pillars ensure the security and safety of individuals’ privacy, public comfort, prevention of riots and conflicts, news monitoring, and maintain humanitarian values to always promote peace in stead of hostility. These values are still embraced in general by Muslims in the archipelago. The Muslims still observe the principles of Bhineka Tunggal Ika and Pancasila, which are key to maintain peace and unity of the homeland.
Discourse on the Characteristic of Tafsir Ruhu’l-Ma’ani
Authors: Suraju Saheed Badmus
Published: July 2019

A lot of works have been written on Tafsīr of the noble Qur’ān with their various characteristics that distinguish them from one another. Some focused on the use of traditions (Riwāyah) while some others focus on the use of acquired knowledge (Dirāyah) or opinion- based Tafsīr (Ra’y). This study focused on one of the most popular works on Tafsīr bir-Ra’y entitled Rūḥu’l-Ma’āni fi Tafsīri’l-Qur’āni’l-’Azīm was-Sab’i’l-Mathānī (The Insightful Meaning of the Exegesis of the glorious Qur’ān and the Seven Reoccurrence). The paper aimed at bringing out the hidden treasure of this encyclopedic work of Tafsīr to the English audience including its features and the sources of its information. The method adopted in this research is basically analytical and exegetical method. Findings revealed that Rūḥu’l-Ma’āni has some characteristics that stand it out among other works of Tafsīr such as logical connection between verses and chapters, grammatical analysis of verses and verification of hadīth among others. It was also revealed that the author relied on many books and scholars of different fields in his Tafsīr which makes the book a compendium of Tafsīr, and an inevitable reference material for contemporary Qur’ānic commentators. The paper concluded by recommending that the contemporary scholars and students of Tafsīr should create awareness on the significance of the tafsir book by using it in tafsir session and carrying out further research on it as well as making it an additional source of information while explaining the glorious Qur’ān.
Integration of Islam and Pendhalungan Cultural Values as an Umbrella Attitude Religious Tolerance
Authors: Arifin Ilfiana Firzaq , Musaddad Akhmad Arif , Sudiyanto S
Published: July 2019

Diversity is the initial trigger of changing attitudes among individuals. The attitude change can be negative or positive, depending on each individual whether to menfilter anything that indicates the creation of a change of attitude towards a positive or negative. Writing this article aims to provide an overview of male and female students of SMK Plus Nurul Ulum were able to create a positive change in attitude towards the tolerance with teachings based on Islamic religious and cultural values Pendhalungan. The method used in this study is a qualitative method that is by conducting indepth interviews with some of the parties in the relevant schools. Then the data were also obtained from journals and literature support.
Gas Production Optimization Using Thermodynamics Hydrate Inhibition Flow Assurance Method
Authors: Nwankwo Kenechukwu Obiajulu
Published: July 2019

Production from gas wells could be very challenging and can lead to spontaneous shutting down of wells for reasons other than known equipment or operational. Some of these wells shut in, not because of surface or sub surface pressure safety settings, but due to Joule Thompson effect. The case study well in this paper is producing but shuts down frequently.

The main aim of studying this well is because it is the fuel gas source to the flow station. It is used to run the instruments and the turbine generators, hence production sustainability of the wells in this field depends on the well. This became even more crucial when the well began to shut down frequently, without an immediate known cause.

A temperature-sensitive production performance model was developed to mimic the well's performance from the gas reservoir for various surface bean sizes. It was then compared with the thermodynamic model of the well's tubing head and flow line conditions and optimized production rule was made subject to the flow assurance and reservoir management requirements.

Chemical hydrate inhibition program was found not to be of immediate necessity after the optimization modeling, hence well was produced by increasing choke size to increase the flow line pressure. This resulted to increase in the flow line temperature and the well was then produced at the non-hydrate formation region of the thermodynamic profile.

A stable and uninterrupted production was then achieved with choke increase. Frequent choke erosion as well as the Joule Thompson effect was eliminated by the choke increase. Cost of injection of chemical hydrate inhibitor (methanol) was then saved. Well production of about 800 BOEPD was also restored even with an optimum reservoir performance outside sustaining flow for other wells in the field (4,000 BOPD).
A Novel Dual Isolation System for Deep Water Injector Standalone Screen Completions
Authors: Okpalla C. , Chaloupka V. , Okengwu V. , Williams M. , MacMillan M. , Nwankwo U. , Kalu E.
Published: July 2019

A major operator manages multiple, multi-well deep water projects in West Africa. For two such projects in Congo and Nigeria, it was determined that sand control was necessary and a standalone screen (SAS) completion was an efficient and cost-effective means for providing sand control for the majority of wells in both projects. This paper describes a new and unique feature of the SAS completion, called the Dual Isolation Assembly (DIA) that addresses many challenges and its application in Nigeria on the Egina Project.

Standard SAS completions incorporate a circulation path down the workstring, through the float shoe, and back to surface through the work string by casing annulus for circulation, pressure maintenance, and removal of the filter cake at the operation's conclusion. The capability to wash down through the toe of the system while running in the well requires washpipe seals inside the float shoe, which incorporates spring-loaded valves that open during pumping but close when pumping stops. In addition to the wash-down capability, the washpipe incorporates a shifter for closing an uphole isolation valve with the ability to reopen the valve, if necessary.

For an injector well, the flow path into the formation is through the sand control screens and float shoe from the inside. The path is the opposite for a producer well, which flows from the formation to inside the screen while the float shoe is closed. Because of the different natures of the flow paths, the float shoe is continuously exercised in an injector well as a result of injection fluid starts and stops. During injection, if the opening pressure of the float shoe spring is exceeded, it could stay open over time, causing loss of integrity of the float shoe. When pumping stops, the flow path into the screen through the float shoe could heave formation particles back into the wellbore as a result of the reservoir being energized upon injection shutdown. The DIA provides secondary and permanent isolation of the float shoe, as requested by the operator, and is capable of shifting a barrier isolation valve installed in the lower completion to comply with the operator's barrier policy for deepwater wells. The DIA and lower completion design allows the operator to safely place a filter-cake breaker treatment in the openhole after setting a lower completion packer.

In addition to fulfilling the requirements of these SAS completions, the DIA design addresses other potential challenges, such as hydraulic locks and any potential swabbing while manipulating the service tools. This paper describes the evolution of the DIA design and full quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) and operational procedures, which led to the successful deployment and excellent functionality of the DIA in 12 completions run to date in Nigeria.
Barriers from calling ambulance after recognizing stroke differed in adults younger or older than 75 years old in China
Authors: Li Shengde , Cui Li-Ying , Anderson Craig , Gao Chunpeng , Yu Chengdong , Shan Guangliang , Wang Longde , Peng Bin
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: As health behavior varies with increasing age, we aimed to examine the potential barriers in calling emergency medical services (EMS) after recognizing a stroke among 40–74- and 75–99-year-old adults.
Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional community-based study (FAST-RIGHT) that was conducted from January 2017 to May 2017 and involved adults (age ≥40 years) across 69 administrative areas in China. A subgroup of residents (153675) who recognized stroke symptoms was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed in the 40–74 and 75–99 age groups, separately, to determine the factors associated with wait-and-see behaviors at the onset of a stroke.
Results: In the 40–74 and 75–99 age groups, the rates of participants who chose “Self-observation at home” were 3.0% (3912) and 3.5% (738), respectively; the rates of “Wait for family, then go to hospital” were 31.7% (42071) and 33.1% (6957), respectively. Rural residence, living with one's spouse, low income (< 731 US $ per annum), having a single avenue to learn about stroke, and having friends with stroke were factors associated with waiting for one's family in both groups. However, unlike in the 40–74 age group, sex, number of children, family history, and stroke history did not influence the behaviors at stroke onset in the 75–99 age group.
Conclusions: Different barriers from recognizing stroke and calling an ambulance exist in the 40-74 and 75-99 age groups in this specific population. Different strategies that mainly focus on changing the “Wait for family” behavior and emphasize on immediately calling EMS are recommended for both age groups.
Statistical risk prediction models for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in severe preeclampsia in a low-resource setting, Mpilo Central Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. A PhD Research Proposal.
Authors: Ngwenya Solwayo , Jones Brian , Heazell Alexander Edward Patrick , Mwembe Desmond
Published: July 2019

This research proposal is for a PhD research project that is being done under the National University of Science and Technology in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality especially in low-resource settings. This study will address the need to develop and test statistical risk prediction models for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in low-resource settings. This will be the first time such research to produce risk prediction models would be carried out at a local or national level setting in Zimbabwe. Critically, new risk prediction models introduced for our clinical setting may reduce avoidable maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality at local, national, regional and international level.
Cerebral salt wasting in a patient with myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Orlik Lea , Venzin Reto , Fehr Thomas , Hohloch Karin
Published: July 2019

Background: Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is a rare metabolic disorder with severe hyponatremia and volume depletion usually caused by brain injury like trauma, cerebral lesion, tumor or a cerebral hematoma. The renal function is normal with excretion of very high amounts of sodium in the urine. Diagnosis is made by excluding other reasons for hyponatremia, mainly the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
Case report: A 60-year-old patient was admitted to the emergency room with pain in the upper abdomen and visual disturbance two weeks after knee replacement. The patient was confused with severe hematoma at the site of the knee endoprosthesis. Laboratory values showed massive thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, anemia, severe hyponatremia and no evidence of infection. CT scan of the abdomen was inconspicuous. Head MRI showed no ischemia or bleeding, but a mild microangiopathy. A myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) was suspected and confirmed by bone marrow biopsy. Cerebral salt wasting syndrome was identified as the cause of severe hyponatremia most likely provoked by cerebral microcirculatory disturbance. The hematoma at the operation site was interpreted as a result of a secondary von Willebrand syndrome (vWS) due to the myeloproliferative neoplasm with massive thrombocytosis. After starting cytoreductive therapy with hydroxycarbamide, thrombocytosis and blood sodium slowly improved along with normalization of his mental condition.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge this is the first description of a patient with CSW most likely caused by a microcirculatory disturbance due to a massive thrombocytosis in the context of a myeloproliferative neoplasm.