bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSTITUSI ONLINE DI KOTA BITUNG MENGGUNAKAN MICHAT (SEBUAH STUDI FENOMENOLOGI)
Authors: Lukas Kevin , Umaternate Abdul Rasyid
Published: July 2024

Fenomena prostitusi online yang melibatkan aplikasi MiChat telah menjadi perhatian yang semakin meningkat di berbagai kota, termasuk Kota Bitung. Artikel ini menguraikan sebuah studi fenomenologi yang bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dan memahami fenomena prostitusi online melalui MiChat di kota berkembang ini. Dalam rangka memahami fenomena ini, penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yang mengedepankan pemahaman makna dan pengalaman individu yang terlibat dalam prostitusi online. Hasil studi mengungkapkan bahwa faktor-faktor seperti tekanan ekonomi, keterbatasan pilihan pekerjaan, serta tekanan sosial dan psikologis memainkan peran kunci dalam mendorong individu untuk terlibat dalam prostitusi online melalui MiChat. Selain itu, studi ini juga menggambarkan bagaimana individu yang terlibat dalam praktik ini menciptakan identitas dan konsep diri mereka dalam konteks prostitusi online. Konsep diri ini dapat berubah seiring waktu, mencerminkan dinamika internal dan eksternal yang kompleks. Studi ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang fenomena prostitusi online melalui aplikasi MiChat di Kota Bitung. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk upaya pencegahan dan rehabilitasi, serta pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang kompleksitas masalah ini di tingkat lokal.
EKSISTENSI TRADISI SAYYANG PATTUDU ATAU KUDA MENARI PADA SUKU MANDAR PROVINSI SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Arifin Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted in the Polewali Mandar Regency in several sub-districts such as Tinambung District, Balanipa District, and Campalagian District, to study how the Sayyang Pattudu culture can still survive in the modern era, which is a cultural result of the Mandar community. Qualitative research approach using descriptive methods. Data collection through observation and document study and continued with descriptive analysis culture. Sayyang Pattuddu is a culture of the Mandar people which in ancient times was only practiced by the royal family. This culture is to give appreciation to children who have succesfully completed the Koran and then paraded around the village using dancing horses. However, even though this tradition and culture has been around for a long time, this culture is still very well preserved and exists today.
The Influence of Implementing an Online Registration System Through the Application On Reducing Queues at The Bandung Muhammadiyah Hospital
Authors: Nur Azizah Faridah , Susi Susanti Ai
Published: July 2024

This research is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach using interview and survey data collection techniques that aim to gain an in-depth understanding of the patient experience in online hospital registration. The research participants included staff, patients, and patients' families who used the online registration system at Muhammadiyah Bandung Hospital. The results of this study show that patients' experiences with the online registration system include phenomenological aspects. Patients described changes to registration, including ease of access, flexibility of scheduling, and ease of registration through the application or hospital website. It was stated that patients could register online at any time if they wanted to visit. In addition, some patients experienced difficulties in using the online registration system. For example, the clinic you want to visit has a limited quota, the doctor's schedule is not updated, or other obstacles. The use of an online registration system also has benefits in reducing queues at the hospital. Patients said they could avoid long queues and shorten waiting times by registering themselves online. The study concluded that patients' experiences with online registration involved changes in access, control, and waiting time. Although there were some challenges, patients found solutions and benefits in the online registration system. This study highlights the importance of continuously improving technical, interface, and user experience improvements to provide patients with a better experience when using the online registration system.
İLAÇ TEDAVİSİNDE HEKİMİN SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: Yalçınkaya Bahri , Atalık Burhan
Published: July 2024

İlaç tedavisi günümüzde en sık kullanılan hastalık tedavi yöntemidir. İlaç sektörü ise devasa bütçelerin ayrıldığı bir sektör haline gelmiştir. İlaçların hastalıkların tedavisinde sıklıkla kullanılması ve aynı zamanda insan sağlığı için tehlikeliliği de göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ilaç tedavisinin çok dikkatli bir şekilde yapılması gerekmektedir. İlaç tedavisinin önemli süjelerinde birisi de hekimlerdir. Hekimler hastalığı teşhis etmekte, tedavi yöntemini belirlemekte ve belirlenen tedavi yöntemine uygun ilacı, bu ilacın dozajını ve uygulama yöntemini tespit etmekte ve bu hususları içeren reçete düzenlemektedir. Bu nedenle ilaçların hastaya vermiş olduğu zarar gündeme geldiğinde gerekli koşullarda oluşmuşsa hekimlerin de sorumluluğu söz konusu olmaktadır. İlaç tedavisinin tıbbi müdahalenin bir çeşidi olması nedeniyle tıbbi müdahalede aranan hukuka uygunluk şartlarının ilaç tedavisinde de aranması gerekmektedir. Tıbbi müdahalede yapılan hatalı uygulamalar hekimlerin sorumluluğuna neden olmaktadır. Hekimler hatalı ilaç tedavisi uygulamaları nedeniyle cezai olarak şahsen, hukuki olarak ise malvarlıkları ile sebep oldukları zararı tazminle yükümlüdürler. İlaçların insan sağlığı üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi düşünüldüğünde hekimlerin ilaç tedavisinde dikkat ve özen yükümlülüklerinden taviz vermemeleri gerekmektedir.
Analisis Penanganan Sampah Guna Mencegah Pencemaran Laut di MV. Bukit Raya
Authors: Afifah Rahmi , Pranata Wibisana , Riyadi Slamet
Published: July 2024

Pembuangan sampah di laut merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji yang seharusnya tidak terjadi. Penanganan sampah kapal perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk semakin meningkatnya pencemaran laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengelolaan sampah di kapal sesuai Marrine Pollution 73/78 serta upaya meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran awak kapal dalam penanganan sampah. Marrine Pollution (Marpol) merupakan aturan mengenai International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships atau Konvensi Internasional tentang Pencegahan Polusi dari Sampah Kapal. Penelitian merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Data primer melalui observasi yang berupa data lapangan dan wawancara yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan narasumber sedangkan data sekunder yang melalui dokumentasi dan studi pustaka yaitu berupa buku-buku literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan aturan Marpol Annex V dikapal MV. Bukit Raya tergolong cukup baik, namun sebagian para awak kapal belum memahami tentang prosedur penanganan sampah di atas kapal, sehingga masih terjadi pencemaran laut. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yakni penanganan sampah kapal sangat penting dilakukan untuk meminimalkan pencemaran laut.
Optimalisasi Kinerja Sea Water Service Pump di Kapal MV. Perkasa
Authors: Ingwar Rafly , Yatno Langandriansyah Dwi , Kurniawan Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang yang mendasari penulisan penelitian ini adalah pentingnya perawatan Sea Water Service Pump untuk mengoptimalkan kinerja Sea Water Service Pump dikapal MV. PERKASA, dengan dasar pemikiran tersebut penulis memberikan rumusan masalah apa faktor penyebab kinerja Sea Water Service Pump tidak optimal, bagaimana cara mengatasi Sea Water Service Pump yang tidak optimal dan bagaimana sistem perawatan yang tepat pada Sea Water Service Pump. Data yang diperoleh adalah data yang dikumpulkan dari hasil observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kurangnya perawatan pada sea water service pump yang diakibatkan oleh kurangnya penerapan PMS, Dampak dari kurang optimalnya perawatan Sea Water Service Pump adalah Kurangnya Tekanan Isap Pada Sea Water Service Pump, kotornya filter sea chest, menurunnya kinerja impller dan kebocoran pada bagian gland packingyang mengakibatkan sistem pendingin menjadi tidak sempurna. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah melakukan perawatan sesuai dengan PMS, Membersihkan filter suction pompa, Membersihkan saringan utama Sea chest, Membersihkan sudu sudu impeller dan mengganti gland packing yang bocor sesuai ketentuan dari pompa
Early Online
Authors: Jacobson B F , Louw S , Schapkaitz E , Laher F
Published: July 2024

Background. Long-haul flights have been associated with a two- to four-fold increased risk of aviation-related thrombosis (ART). Several studies have investigated the extent to which hypoxic hypobaric exposure, dehydration and prolonged immobilisation during air travel induce changes in haemostasis.
Objective. To investigate the role of high altitude as a risk factor for ART.
Methods. Healthy volunteers aged ≥18 years (N=40), without risk factors for venous thromboembolism, were exposed to an exacerbated altitude of 18 000 feet (5 486 m) for 1 hour. During the flight, the oxygen (O2) levels of the participants, who received supplemental O2, were measured by pulse oximetry and maintained at >92%. Venous blood and urine samples were collected prior to departure and immediately after flying in an unpressurised twin-engine airplane. D-dimer levels, thromboelastography (TEG) parameters, von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity and urine osmolality were measured.
Results. The participants were 19 men and 21 women, with a mean (standard deviation) age of 46 (14) years. A significant difference in D-dimer levels, VWF activity, urine osmolality and TEG parameters (reaction (R) time, kinetic (K) time and maximum amplitude (MA)) before and after the 1-hour flight was observed (p<0.001). Urine osmolality correlated positively with VWF activity levels (r=0.469; p<0.002).
Conclusion. Air travel at high altitude induced a hypercoagulable state in healthy volunteers. Future research should focus on whether thromboprophylaxis can significantly obviate the activation of coagulation in response to high altitude.
Seminoma difuso bilateral em equino
Authors: Dutra Cirne Leticia , Fabres de Toledo Caroline , Guterres Azevêdo Mathias Isadora , Maria Feitosa Ribeiro Luiza , Da Silva Alves Andressa , Alessandra Di Filippo Paula
Published: July 2024

O seminoma é uma neoplasia testicular, originado das células germinativas do epitélio testicular espermático, classificado histologicamente em difuso e intratubular. Os animais acometidos apresentam aumento de volume testicular, dor local, dificuldade na locomoção, infertilidade, anorexia e letargia. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, um equino macho, não castrado, da raça Mangalarga Marchador, com 15 anos de idade, tendo como queixa principal um aumento de volume do testículo e emagrecimento progressivo com evolução de cinco anos. No exame clínico, o animal apresentou escore corporal magro, mucosas pálidas e desidratação leve. Na palpação do testículo esquerdo foi possível observar uma massa de formato ovoide, consistência endurecida, aderida à bolsa escrotal, ulcerações na face ventral da bolsa escrotal e ausência de dor à palpação. O testículo direito apresentava consistência e formato preservados à palpação. Realizou-se exame ultrassonográfico, no qual foi possível visualizar o testículo direito com morfologia preservada e o testículo esquerdo com alterações significativas, sugestivo de processo neoplásico. O animal foi encaminhado para orquiectomia bilateral, pela técnica aberta, em decúbito dorsal, sob anestesia geral inalatória. Na avaliação macroscópica, as dimensões do testículo esquerdo foram de 41 cm de comprimento, 22 cm de largura e 16 cm de altura. O testículo direito mostrou-se atrofiado e de coloração amarronzada ao corte, sendo enviados fragmentos para exame histopatológico. Na avaliação histopatológica, observou-se pleomorfismo celular, citoplasma discretamente acidófilo, infiltrado linfocitário multifocal e alto índice mitótico, classificado como seminoma difuso bilateral. No pós-operatório foi instituída terapia convencional baseada em flunixina meglumina e penicilina benzatina. Curativos diários da ferida cirúrgica foram realizados com iodo polvidine 2%. Após 10 dias do procedimento cirúrgico, o animal recebeu alta médica com prognóstico favorável.
Systematic evaluation of intratumoral and peripheral BCR repertoires in three cancers
Authors: Krasik SV , Bryushkova EA , Sharonov GV , Myalik DS , Shurganova EV , Komarov DV , Shagina IA , Shpudeiko PS , Turchaninova MA , Vakhitova MT , Samoylenko IV , Marinov DT , Demidov LV , Zagainov VE , Chudakov DM , Serebrovskaya EO
Published: July 2024

The current understanding of humoral immune response in cancer patients suggests that tumors may be infiltrated with diffuse B cells of extra-tumoral origin or develop organized lymphoid structures, where somatic hypermutation and antigen-driven selection occur locally. These processes are thought to be significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment in the form of secretory factors and biased cell-cell interactions. To address the manifestation of this influence, we used deep unbiased immunoglobulin profiling and systematically characterized the relationships between B cells in circulation, draining lymph nodes (draining LNs), and tumors in 14 patients with three human cancers. We show that draining LNs are differentially involved in the interaction with the tumor site and that there is significant heterogeneity even between different parts of a single lymph node (LN). Next, we confirmed and elaborated upon previous observations of intratumoral immunoglobulin heterogeneity. We identified B cell receptor (BCR) clonotypes that were expanded in tumors relative to draining LNs and blood and observed that these tumor-expanded clonotypes were less hypermutated than non-expanded (ubiquitous) clonotypes. Furthermore, we observed a shift in the properties of complementarity-determining region 3 of a BCR heavy chain (CDR-H3) towards less mature and less specific BCR repertoire in tumor-infiltrating B-cells compared to circulating B-cells, which may indicate less stringent control for antibody-producing B cell development in tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition, we found repertoire-level evidence that B-cells may be selected according to their CDR-H3 physicochemical properties before they activate somatic hypermutation (SHM). Altogether, our work outlines a broad picture of the difference in the tumor BCR repertoire relative to non-tumor tissues and points to the unexpected features of the SHM process.
Serum proteomic profiling of physical activity reveals CD300LG as a novel exerkine with a potential causal link to glucose homeostasis
Authors: Lee-Ødegård Sindre , Hjorth Marit , Olsen Thomas , Moen Gunn-Helen , Daubney Emily , Evans David M , Hevener Andrea , Lusis Aldons Jake , Zhou Mingqi , Seldin Marcus Michael , Allayee Hooman , Hilser James R , Viken Jonas Krag , Gulseth Hanne L , Norheim Frode , Drevon Christian A , Birkeland Kåre I
Published: July 2024

Physical activity has been associated with preventing the development of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, our understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remains incomplete and good biomarkers to objectively assess physical activity are lacking.We analyzed 3072 serum proteins in 26 men, normal weight or overweight, undergoing 12 weeks of a combined strength and endurance exercise intervention. We estimated insulin sensitivity with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, maximum oxygen uptake, muscle strength, and used MRI/MRS to evaluate body composition and organ fat depots. Muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were used for mRNA sequencing. Additional association analyses were performed in samples from up to 47,747 individuals in the UK Biobank, as well as using 2-sample Mendelian randomization and mice models.Following 12 weeks of exercise intervention, we observed significant changes in 283 serum proteins. Notably, 66 of these proteins were elevated in overweight men and positively associated with liver fat before the exercise regimen, but were normalized after exercise. Furthermore, for 19.7% and 12.1% of the exercise-responsive proteins, corresponding changes in mRNA expression levels in muscle and fat, respectively, were shown. The protein CD300LG displayed consistent alterations in blood, muscle, and fat. Serum CD300LG exhibited positive associations with insulin sensitivity, and to angiogenesis-related gene expression in both muscle and fat. Furthermore, serum CD300LG was positively associated with physical activity and negatively associated with glucose levels in the UK Biobank. In this sample, the association between serum CD300LG and physical activity was significantly stronger in men than in women. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested potential causal relationships between levels of serum CD300LG and fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test, and HbA1c. Additionally, Cd300lg responded to exercise in a mouse model, and we observed signs of impaired glucose tolerance in male, but not female,
Cd300lg
knockout mice.Our study identified several novel proteins in serum whose levels change in response to prolonged exercise and were significantly associated with body composition, liver fat, and glucose homeostasis. Serum CD300LG increased with physical activity and is a potential causal link to improved glucose levels. CD300LG may be a promising exercise biomarker and a therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes.
Nocturnal substrate association of four coral reef fish groups (parrotfishes, surgeonfishes, groupers and butterflyfishes) in relation to substrate architectural characteristics
Authors: Nanami Atsushi
Published: July 2024

Although numerous coral reef fish species utilize substrates with high structural complexities as habitats and refuge spaces, quantitative analysis of nocturnal fish substrate associations has not been sufficiently examined yet. The aims of the present study were to clarify the nocturnal substrate associations of 17 coral reef fish species (nine parrotfish, two surgeonfish, two grouper and four butterflyfish) in relation to substrate architectural characteristics. Substrate architectural characteristics were categorized into seven types: (1) eave-like space, (2) large inter-branch space, (3) overhang by protrusion of fine branching structure, (4) overhang by coarse structure, (5) uneven structure without large space or overhang, (6) flat and (7) macroalgae. Overall, fishes were primarily associated with three architectural characteristics (eave-like space, large inter-branch space and overhang by coarse structure). The main providers of these three architectural characteristics were tabular and corymbose Acropora, staghorn Acropora, and rock. Species-specific significant positive associations with particular architectural characteristics were found as follows. For the nine parrotfish species, Chlorurus microrhinos with large inter-branch space and overhang by coarse structure; Ch. spilurus with eave-like space and large inter-branch space; Hipposcarus longiceps with large inter-branch space; Scarus ghobban with overhang by coarse structure; five species (Scarus forsteni, S. niger, S. oviceps, S. rivulatus and S. schlegeli) with eave-like space. For the two surgeonfish species, Naso unicornis with overhang by coarse structure; N. lituratus with eave-like space. For the two grouper species, Plectropomus leopardus with eave-like space; Epinephelus ongus with overhang by coarse structure. For the four butterflyfish species, Chaetodon trifascialis with eave-like space and large inter-branch space; C. lunulatus and C. ephippium with large inter-branch space; C. auriga showed no significant associations with any architectural characteristics. Four species (Ch. microrhinos, H. longiceps, S. niger and N. unicornis) also showed clear variations in substrate associations among the different fish size classes. Since parrotfishes, surgeonfishes and groupers are main fisheries targets in coral reefs, conservation and restoration of coral species that provide eave-like space (tabular and corymbose Acropora) and large inter-branch space (staghorn Acropora) as well as hard substrates with coarse structure that provide overhang (rock) should be considered for effective fisheries management in coral reefs. For butterflyfishes, coral species that provide eave-like space (tabular Acropora) and large inter-branch space (staghorn Acropora) should also be conserved and restored for provision of sleeping sites.
Acute clomipramine exposure elicits dose-dependent surfacing behavior in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Shafiq Adeel , Andrade Mercedes , Matthews Richanne , Umbarger Alexandria , Petrunich-Rutherford Maureen L.
Published: July 2024

Chronic treatment with clomipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant drug, reduces symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and can influence the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, little is known regarding the effects of acute clomipramine on the immediate expression of stress responses. Serotonergic drugs can elicit surfacing, a behavioral profile potentially related to toxicity in fish, although surfacing has not yet been observed after clomipramine exposure. The present study investigated the impact of acute exposure to clomipramine on basal and stress-induced behaviors in the novel tank test and cortisol levels in mixed-sex, wild-type, adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). The findings show clomipramine-exposed groups (regardless of stress exposure) spent much more time in the top of the novel tank and had significantly less overall motor activity in the behavioral task compared to the fish not exposed to the drug. Then, the dose-dependent effects of acute clomipramine on activity in the surface of the novel tank (top third of the top half) were investigated further. Clomipramine dose-dependently increased surface-dwelling and elicited a dose-dependent hypoactivity in overall motor behavior. There were no statistically significant differences in whole-body cortisol levels in either experiment. Like other serotonin-acting drugs, clomipramine strongly elicited surface-dwelling and depressed motor behavior in adult zebrafish. Additional testing is needed to elucidate whether surfacing represents a toxic state and how serotonin regulates surfacing.
Avanços e aplicações de drones na gestão de recursos naturais e monitoramento ambiental no semiárido brasileiro
Authors: Sousa Misael Pinho , Cavalcanti Rafael Costa , Oliveira Keithy Juliane de , Costa Magaly Morgana Lopes da , Cursino Junior Odias , Silva Severino Moreira da , Carvalho Kelson da Silva , Vieira Rodrigo Braga Fernandes , Silva Francisco Gledson da , Silva Cicero Adriano da , Silva Antônio Veimar da , Silva Carla Michelle da
Published: July 2024

O artigo "Avanços e Aplicações de Drones na Gestão de Recursos Naturais e Monitoramento Ambiental no Semiárido Brasileiro" investiga como drones, definidos como veículos aéreos não tripulados, podem contribuir para a preservação ambiental e práticas de conservação no semiárido brasileiro. Justifica-se pela necessidade urgente de soluções tecnológicas avançadas para enfrentar a escassez de água e a degradação do solo nessa região. Objetiva-se analisar os benefícios e aplicações dos drones na gestão de recursos naturais e monitoramento ambiental, respondendo à questão: "Como os drones podem melhorar a gestão e a conservação dos recursos naturais no semiárido brasileiro?". Utilizando-se de metodologias que incluem voos autônomos, sistemas de propulsão, sensores de alta resolução e geolocalização precisa, integrados com sensoriamento remoto e imagens de satélite, o estudo demonstra que drones podem identificar áreas degradadas, monitorar fauna e flora e detectar incêndios florestais. Os resultados mostram a eficácia dos drones na ampliação do conhecimento sobre recursos naturais e no estímulo à economia local por meio do turismo sustentável, enfrentando desafios de regulamentação e segurança. Conclui-se que a adoção de drones é essencial para uma conservação eficiente e sustentável, requerendo a colaboração entre instituições governamentais, científicas e a sociedade civil.
Influence of Crack Inclination Angle and Thickness on Mode-Mixity Using FEM
Authors: Rani Nisha , Bisht Neeraj
Published: July 2024

Mode mixity is common in fatigue growth problems to assess the integrity of components by obtaining the fracture parameters as stress intensity factor, T-stress, J-integrals etc.  Present study aims to investigate the effects of fracture parameters in a modified Compact Tension (CT) specimen using finite element methods (FEM) with ANSYS 2022 software. Crack orientation angle (α) and thickness (t) have their effects on crack growth which affect the life of a mechanical component. With increasing the crack inclination angle (0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°), an increase in mode III stress intensity factor is noticed while mode I showed a significant decrement. Pure mode I is notice at 0°. With further increase in the angle mode-mixity (mode I and mode III) is obtained.  Also, with an increase in the thickness (8mm, 10mm and 12mm) of component there is a noticeable decrease in all modes of stress intensity factor. This mode-mixity play a crucial role in the cracked model of the specimen.
Analysis of Determinants of Performance Appraisal in Relation to Staff Productivity in University Libraries in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Omarayen Gloria , Akwang Nse Emmanuel , Udoh Inemesit Udom , Ekpenyong Glory Effiong
Published: July 2024

This study analysed the determinants of performance appraisal in relation to staff productivity in university libraries in Akwa Ibom State. A correlational research design was adopted. Three (3) specific objectives and three (3) null hypotheses were framed to guide the study. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and ninety-nine (199) library staff across all categories from four (4) university libraries. A sample size of 101 library staff, which represented 50% were selected, using proportionate stratified sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire, designed in two (2) sets to examine the independent and dependent variables. The sets of questionnaire were validated by three (3) research experts, and subjected to reliability test, which yielded 0.82 and 0.79 reliability coefficients using Cronbach’s Alpha. The data collection processes yielded a response rate of 87%, and the data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) Coefficient to answer research questions while the null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using the linear regression statistics. The study revealed that clearly defined goals, staff growth plans and reward for excellence in performance appraisal have strong positive relationship with staff productivity in the university libraries. It also showed that staff feedback in performance appraisal has a weak significant relationship with staff productivity in university libraries. It was recommended among other measures, that management of university libraries should set more-specific, clear and challenging goals for library staff and the timeframe for executing such goals so as to guide staff in their responsibilities for enhanced productivity toward attainment of the mission of the university libraries.
Multiple Drug Resistance in Burn Patients
Authors: Rasool Abeer Mansour Abdel , Karmoosh Ahmed Shoaib
Published: July 2024

Infections, the most frequent outcomes and the leading cause of death in burn patients, reproduce in milieux generated by burn lesions, Severely burned patient’s immunity is weakened, thus systemic infections such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections are likely to develop. New diseases which have come up and are hardly combatted by many drugs offer a major threat in therapy; new antimicrobial medicines and effective measures that prevent infection have to be used. Due to their high mortality, these infections form a major concern to the increasing cases of MDROs in burn victims. Given that the surfaces of burn related injuries are broad, the patients’ immune systems are compromised, while they require several surgeries and lengthy hospitalization, they are easy targets for MDROs. Among the published studies, it is revealed that multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are on the rise among burn patients, which poses a threat to patient outcomes as well as the treatment of the condition. As a result of skin degeneration, long-term hospitalizations, and the necessity for invasive procedures, all of which contribute to the development of infections, burn patients are particularly vulnerable.
Retroviral Gene Expression Control in Primary Organoid Cultures
Authors: Koo Bon‐Kyoung , Sasselli Valentina , Clevers Hans
Published: November 2013

In this unit, we describe a protocol for regulated gene expression in primary endodermal organoid culture using retroviral vectors. The study of gene function in endodermal epithelia such as those lining the stomach, small intestine, and colon has so far mainly relied on the generation of transgenic mouse lines. Establishing such animal models is laborious, expensive, and time‐consuming. Ever‐expanding endodermal organoids, grown in an in vitro 3‐D epithelial culture system, faithfully recapitulate the in vivo counterpart and represent a sustainable alternative. Gene overexpression and knockdown can be achieved in organoids by retroviral transduction. The technique can also be applied to organoids derived from pre‐established mutant mouse lines or used in combination with chemical and biological inhibitors or activators. This method provides a novel, versatile tool for phenotypic analysis of endodermal epithelium in vitro. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 27:5A.6.1‐5A.6.8. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Halides with Arylboron Compounds
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Suzuki Kentaro , Miura Norio
Published: November 2013

The rhodium(I)‐catalyzed reaction between arylboronic esters and excess 1,2‐dichloroethene selectively afforded (2‐chlorovinyl)arenes. Double arylation yielding 1,2‐diarylethenes was observed when 1,2‐dibromoethene was reacted with 2.5 equivalents of arylboronic acid.

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Galvanic deposition of silver on 80‐μm‐Cu‐fiber for gas‐phase oxidation of alcohols
Authors: Zhao Guofeng , Li Yakun , Zhang Qiaofei , Deng Miaomiao , Cao Fahai , Lu Yong
Published: November 2013

Microstructured Ag‐based catalysts were developed by galvanically depositing Ag onto 80‐μm‐Cu‐fibers for the gas‐phase oxidation of alcohols. By taking advantages including large voidage, open porous structure and high heat/mass transfer, as‐made catalysts provided a nice combination of high activity/selectivity and enhanced heat transfer. The best catalyst was Ag‐10/80‐Cu‐fiber‐400 (Ag‐loading: 10 wt%; Cu‐fiber pretreated at 400 °C in air), being effective for oxidizing acyclic, benzylic and polynary alcohols. For benzyl alcohol, conversion of 94% was achieved with 99% selectivity to benzaldehyde at 300 °C using a high WHSV of 20 h−1. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation and experimental result illustrated significant enhancement of the heat transfer. The temperature difference from reactor wall to central line was about 10–20 °C for the Ag‐10/80‐Cu‐fiber‐400, much lower than that of 100–110 °C for the Ag‐10‐Cu‐2/Al2O3 at equivalent conversion and selectivity. Synergistic interaction between Cu2O and Ag was discussed, being assignable to the activity improvement. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1045–1053, 2014
Fatal evolution of a huge right atrial free‐floating thrombus
Authors: Bodian Malick , Ba Fatimata G. , Jobe Modou , Ndiaye Mouhamadou B. , Kane Adama , Sarr Simon A. , Mbaye Alassane , Gaye Abdou M. , Thiam Ibou , Diao Maboury , Sarr Moustapha , Bâ Serigne A.
Published: November 2013

Key Clinical Message

Right atrial thrombus is a rare medical emergency that should be suspected in all cases of pulmonary embolism, and rapid action should be taken to ensure a timely, proper management.
A high‐throughput assay for the determination of acyltransferase activity of lipase CAL‐A
Authors: Müller Janett , Fredrich Birte , Kohlmann Christina , Maksym Lukas , Bornscheuer Uwe T.
Published: November 2013

Certain lipases such as Candida antarctica lipase A (CAL‐A) are known to possess acyltransferase activity, which allows ester synthesis even in the presence of water. Discovery of novel lipases and identification of lipase variants with improved acyltransferase activity is laborious using standard methods such as gas chromatography. To overcome this limitation, an enzyme cascade was established based on quantification of the alcohol consumed in fatty acid ester synthesis from plant oils. For this, an alcohol oxidase converts the remaining alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde with concomitant formation of hydrogen peroxide. This is then quantified by the action of horseradish peroxidase leading to the oxidation of the co‐substrate ABTS, which is determined spectrophotometrically at 695 nm. The conversions thus determined correspond well to data measured by off‐line gas chromatography analysis and the assay could be adapted to the microtiterplate format.

Practical applications: Fatty acid esters are valuable compounds in various industrial applications, i.e., fatty acid methyl esters are used as biofuels and ethyl esters can serve as fragrance or flavoring compounds in the cosmetic industry. The enzymatic synthesis of these compounds is possible, but often enzymes need to be adapted to meet process requirements. This assay simplifies the identification of suitable enzymes. Moreover, substrate specificities of a lipase for a certain alcohol or acyl acceptor can also be easily studied with this assay.
Total Synthesis of Cercidinin A
Authors: Yamada Hidetoshi , Ohara Kenya , Ogura Takahito
Published: November 2013

An ellagitannin, cercidinin A, was synthesized through both intramolecular coupling of gallates on a glucose moiety and double esterification of protected hexahydroxydiphenic acid to a diol. The total synthesis confirmed the revised structure of cercidinin A as 1,2,6‐tri‐O‐galloyl‐3,4‐(R)‐hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) β‐D‐glucose. This is the first synthesis of 3,4‐HHDP‐bridged ellagitannins and was achieved after overcoming two challenges: (1) full galloylation of β‐glucose hindered the formation of the 3,4‐HHDP group, and (2) the fully benzylated galloyl group, which is a routine component in ellagitannin synthesis, was not always appropriate. The solutions to these problems can be used to form a strategy for the synthesis of complex ellagitannins.
Selective Detection of Hydrazine in the Presence of Excess Electrochemically Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using Boron Doped Diamond Metal Nanoparticle Functionalised Electrodes
Authors: Channon Robert B. , Newland Jonathan C. , Bristow Anthony W. T. , Ray Andrew D. , Macpherson Julie V.
Published: November 2013

Detection of the genotoxic impurity hydrazine (HZ) in the presence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) represents a significant challenge to the pharmaceutical industry. Here we show how the use of electrochemical strategies in conjunction with metal nanoparticle (NP) functionalised polycrystalline boron‐doped diamond (BDD) electrodes enables detection of HZ in the presence of two different electrochemically active APIs. By simply changing the chemical identity of the metal NP, which shifts the detection potential for HZ, it is possible to selectively screen out the API signature from the HZ current – voltage response. HZ detection limits of 11.1 µM (Au NP BDD) and 3.3 µM (Pt NP BDD) in the presence of excess acetaminophen and promazine respectively, were determined using differential pulse voltammetry in quiescent solution.
Evaluation of donor factors contributing to plateletpheresis yields among apheresis platelet donors
Authors: Woodall William J. , Nguyen Vinh Q. , Tran Minh‐Ha
Published: November 2013

Background

The University of California, Irvine Blood Donor Center operates a plateletpheresis donor program utilizing the Amicus Cell Separator. Plateletpheresis donors may donate one or more apheresis platelet (PLT) units per collection event. This study seeks to characterize UC Irvine's donor pool by identifying biometric and demographic attributes predictive of double product (DP) collections.

Study Design and Methods

Biometric, demographic and procedural data from 1,786 apheresis donors were collected and entered into Excel spreadsheets. Of the 1,786 successful plateletpheresis procedures performed from January 2009 to April 2012, 1,442 of the donations were performed using double‐needle (DN) kits. Only data from DN‐kit collections were used for statistical analyses. The Classification And Regression Tree (CART) algorithm was used to help identify variables predictive of donating multiple PLT units in a single collection event.

Results

Donors weighing 75.7 kg or greater appear to be twice as likely to donate DPs as those weighing less than 75.7 kg. For donors weighing less than 75.7 kg, females appear to be twice as likely to donate DPs as males. Donors exhibiting platelet counts of 216.5 K/mcL or greater appear to be twice as likely to donate DPs as those with platelet counts fewer than 216.5 K/mcL.

Conclusion

Weight, sex, and PLT count were identified as the most predictive donor attributes that separate UCI donors into DP donors and non‐DP donors. Greater weights, greater PLT counts, and female sex confer to greater PLT yields per given amount of time. J. Clin. Apheresis 29:139–147, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Convenient One‐Pot Three‐Component Approach for Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines Using Fe+3‐Montmorillonite as Efficient Catalyst
Authors: Hossein nia Roghayeh , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Shirini Farhad , Tabatabaeian Khalil
Published: November 2013

Novel pyrazolopyrimidines derivatives were synthesized regioselectivly in one‐pot three‐component approach by Fe+3‐montmorillonite catalyzed condensation of 3‐amino‐5‐methyl pyrazole, arylaldehydes, and dimethylmalonate in THF under ultrasonic irradiations and conventional conditions. This rapid method produced the products in short reaction times and good yields.
Syntheses of New Unsymmetrical 2,5‐Disubstituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles and 1,2,4‐Triazolo[3,4‐b]‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles Bearing Thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazolo Moiety
Authors: Patil Shivaraj P. , Kanawade Shrikant B. , Bhavsar Dinesh C. , Nikam Prashant S. , Gangurde Sachin A. , Toche Raghunath B.
Published: November 2013

New series of (thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazolo‐5‐yl)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles 10a, 10b, 10c and (thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazol‐5‐yl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐3(2H)‐yl)ethanones 6a, 6b, 6c has been synthesized from thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbohydrazide 3 by multistep reaction sequence. (5‐Aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)‐1H‐thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazoles 4a, 4b, 4c were also synthesized from thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbohydrazide 3 by cyclization with various aromatic carboxylic acids. The hydrazide 3 was obtained by reaction of thieno[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carboxylate 2 with hydrazine hydrate in good yield, and compound 2 was obtained by the reaction of 5‐chloro‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde 1 and 2‐ethyl thioglycolate in presence of sodium alcoholate in good yield.
Preparation of clinical‐grade 89Zr‐panitumumab as a positron emission tomography biomarker for evaluating epidermal growth factor receptor‐targeted therapy
Authors: Wei Ling , Shi Jianfeng , Afari George , Bhattacharyya Sibaprasad
Published: November 2013

Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) positive colorectal cancer. Recently, panitumumab has been radiolabeled with 89Zr and evaluated for its potential to be used as immuno‐positron emission tomography (PET) probe for EGFR positive cancers. Interesting preclinical results published by several groups of researchers have prompted us to develop a robust procedure for producing clinical‐grade 89Zr‐panitumumab as an immuno‐PET probe to evaluate EGFR‐targeted therapy. In this process, clinical‐grade panitumumab is bio‐conjugated with desferrioxamine chelate and subsequently radiolabeled with 89Zr resulting in high radiochemical yield (>70%, n = 3) and purity (>98%, n = 3). All quality control (QC) tests were performed according to United States Pharmacopeia specifications. QC tests showed that 89Zr‐panitumumab met all specifications for human injection. Herein, we describe a step‐by‐step method for the facile synthesis and QC tests of 89Zr‐panitumumab for medical use. The entire process of bioconjugation, radiolabeling, and all QC tests will take about 5 h. Because the synthesis is fully manual, two rapid, in‐process QC tests have been introduced to make the procedure robust and error free. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduction of motion artifacts in carotid MRI using free‐induction decay navigators
Authors: Dyverfeldt Petter , Deshpande Vibhas S. , Kober Tobias , Krueger Gunnar , Saloner David
Published: November 2013

Purpose

To develop a framework for prospective free‐induction decay (FID)‐based navigator gating for suppression of motion artifacts in carotid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to assess its capability in vivo.

Materials and Methods

An FID‐navigator, comprising a spatially selective low flip‐angle sinc‐pulse followed by an analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC) readout, was added to a conventional turbo spin‐echo (TSE) sequence. Real‐time navigator processing delivered accept/reject‐and‐reacquire decisions to the sequence. In this Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved study, seven volunteers were scanned with a 2D T2‐weighted TSE sequence. A reference scan with volunteers instructed to minimize motion as well as nongated and gated scans with volunteers instructed to perform different motion tasks were performed in each subject. Multiple image quality measures were employed to quantify the effect of gating.

Results

There was no significant difference in lumen‐to‐wall sharpness (2.3 ± 0.3 vs. 2.3 ± 0.4), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) (9.0 ± 2.0 vs. 8.5 ± 2.0), or image quality score (3.1 ± 0.9 vs. 2.6 ± 1.2) between the reference and gated images. For images acquired during motion, all image quality measures were higher (P < 0.05) in the gated compared to nongated images (sharpness: 2.3 ± 0.4 vs. 1.8 ± 0.5, CNR: 8.5 ± 2.0 vs. 7.2 ± 2.0, score: 2.6 ± 1.2 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0).

Conclusion

Artifacts caused by the employed motion tasks deteriorated image quality in the nongated scans. These artifacts were alleviated with the proposed FID‐navigator. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:214–220. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surgical management of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: Analysis of 162 cases from 1995 to 2012
Authors: Huang Yang , Liu Zhuofu , Wang Jingjing , Sun Xicai , Yang Lei , Wang Dehui
Published: November 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

The purpose of this study was to report on a series of 162 patients presenting with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in a single academic hospital during the past 17 years, in an effort to compare outcomes between open and transnasal endoscopic approach, and to define an ideal treatment strategy.

Study Design

Patients who received either open or endoscopic surgery with a minimum follow‐up of 6 months were selected. Local control and complications were compared between groups.

Methods

Retrospectively, clinical data, surgical reports, pre‐ and postoperative images, and follow‐up information were reviewed and analyzed.

Results

All patients were male subjects from 8 to 41 years old. Ninety‐six patients were treated by transpalatal or transmaxillary approach, and the remaining 66 patients were treated using transnasal endoscopic approach with/without labiogingival incision. When compared to the open surgery group, the endoscopic surgery group showed a lower median intraoperative blood loss (800 vs. 1100 mL, P = .017) and a lower number of postoperative complications (one vs. 10). In addition, recurrence statistically correlated with Radkowski's classification and patient age.

Conclusions

Transnasal endoscopic approach can be successfully used for Radkowski's stages I‐IIb tumors and selective IIc‐IIIb lesions, allowing for less blood loss, fewer postoperative complications, and a lower percentage of recurrence in comparison to open surgery. The management of recurrent tumor is complex, should be individually tailored, and should take into account tumor location, patient age, complications of treatment, and the possibility of spontaneous involution, to better define treatment strategy.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 124:1942–1946, 2014
Emotional variability during mother–adolescent conflict interactions: Longitudinal links to adolescent disclosure and maternal control
Authors: Van der Giessen Daniëlle , Branje Susan , Keijsers Loes , Van Lier Pol A.C. , Koot Hans M. , Meeus Wim
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study was to examine relations of emotional variability during mother–adolescent conflict interactions in early adolescence with adolescent disclosure and maternal control in early and late adolescence. Data were used from 92 mother–adolescent dyads (M age T1 = 13.05; 65.20% boys) that were videotaped at T1 while discussing a conflict. Emotional variability was derived from these conflict interactions. Mothers also completed questionnaires at the start of the study (T1) and five years later (T6) on adolescent disclosure and maternal control. Path analysis showed that more emotional variability during conflict interactions in early adolescence was associated with higher levels of adolescent disclosure in early adolescence and with relative decreases in maternal control from early to late adolescence. More emotional variability of mother–adolescent dyads serves an important function in adaptively dealing with relational challenges that arise during adolescence.
Le neurofeedback comme outil de compréhension et de régulation de l’attention
Authors: Micoulaud Franchi J.-A.
Published: November 2013

Le « neurofeedback » est une technique de biofeedback, appelée également « EEG biofeedback », utilisant l’enregistrement électroencéphalographique (EEG). Cette technique existe depuis près de 30 ans. Deux grands types de protocoles de neurofeedback en fonction du type de traitement en temps réel réalisé sur le signal EEG sont retrouvés. Dans le premier, la puissance spectrale d’une bande fréquentielle EEG en regard d’une région cérébrale est calculée. Il peut être par exemple demandé au sujet d’augmenter la puissance spectrale de la bande bêta ou de diminuer celle de la bande thêta enregistrées sur l’électrode Cz, donc en regard de la région centrale médiale. Dans le second, l’amplitude d’un potentiel lent, appelé SCP pour Slow Cortical Potential, en Cz est calculé. Il est alors demandé au sujet soit d’augmenter, soit de diminuer l’amplitude du SCP. Le neurofeedback permet principalement de favoriser les capacités attentionnelles et d’éveil d’un sujet. Ainsi son application thérapeutique est principalement le trouble déficit de l’attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH), où il s’agit d’une technique désormais considérée comme valide. Il est également utilisé comme thérapeutique complémentaire non pharmacologique dans la prise en charge des troubles envahissant du développement et dans les épilepsies pharmacorésistantes. Ces applications dans d’autres troubles psychiatriques restent plus marginales. Le neurofeedback est très peu connu et développé en France. Pourtant, il permet un renouveau de la neurophysiologie clinique en psychiatrie en proposant une approche thérapeutique et ouvre des voies de recherches neurophysiologiques novatrices.