bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O COMEÇO DO RADIOJORNALISMO NA AMAZÔNIA: o mapeamento das primeiras iniciativas nos estados da região Norte
Authors: SANTIAGO Abinoan , Melani ROCHA Paula
Published: August 2020

Se no Brasil o marco inicial do rádio é datado de 1922, na Amazônia demorou cinco anos para que seus habitantes pudessem ouvir pela primeira vez as ondas radiofônicas. Do primeiro ao último dos sete estados da região Norte a ter radiojornalismo, existe o lapso temporal de 42 anos. Cada unidade da federação tem sua peculiaridade sobre o início do rádio em seus territórios, porém, percebe-se que em sua maioria, a mão do estado/política local está presente. Este artigo é resultante de pesquisa de mestrado defendida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Jornalismo da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG) e se ancora no jornalismo regional e história positiva. A coleta se deu por meio de pesquisa documental e história oral, e mostrou semelhanças e diferenças entre os estados sobre o início do rádio em cada um deles.

Palavras-chave

Radiojornalismo; Jornalismo; História do Jornalismo; Amazônia; Região Norte.
RADIOJORNALISMO PÚBLICO: reflexões sobre aspectos tensionadores do serviço à luz do método compreensivo
Authors: PINHEIRO Elton Bruno Barbosa
Published: August 2020

Resumo

O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo a reflexão analítica sobre os aspectos históricos, sociopolíticos e culturais que tensionam o radiojornalismo público brasileiro na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, metodologicamente, faz uso do método compreensivo weberiano. Como eixos de articulação teórica elege o conceito, os princípios, objetivos e missão da Radiodifusão Pública presente em dispositivos legais como a Constituição Federal brasileira, a Lei nº 11.652, assim as diretrizes da Unesco para o serviço. Além disso, o estudo fundamenta-se na própria trajetória do SRP brasileiro e nas orientações que emissoras públicas do país encontram no manual de jornalismo da Empresa Brasil de Comunicação (EBC). Como resultado, aponta-se que são as próprias condições de origem do Serviço de Radiodifusão Pública do país os aspectos que mais tensionam e comprometem as práticas hodiernas do radiojornalismo público brasileiro.

Palavras-chave

Radiojornalismo Público.  Radiodifusão Pública. Comunicação Pública. Rádio no Brasil. Método Compreensivo.
RÁDIO WEB UFN: práticas e perspectivas de uma web rádio universitária
Authors: Doyle TORRES Carla Simone
Published: August 2020

Este artigo traz um estudo sobre dados de 2007 a 2019 da programação da Rádio Web UFN, Laboratório dos cursos de Jornalismo e de Publicidade e Propaganda da Universidade Franciscana (Santa Maria-RS). O conceito de gêneros radiofônicos (BARBOSA FILHO, 2009) colabora para classificação do material, e analisaram-se rotinas do gênero jornalístico (FERRARETTO, 2001). Em 2007, a maioria dos programas era do gênero Jornalístico; em 2019, do gênero Entretenimento. A partir disso, reflete-se sobre como transitar pelo ensino e pela prática do radiojornalismo em um panorama de crescente encontro da informação com o entretenimento.

Palavras-chave

Radiojornalismo; Rotinas produtivas; Rádio Web; Interdisciplinaridade; Entretenimento
O RADIOJORNALISMO NA CIDADE DE PALMAS: uma análise da atuação de seis rádios sobre suas contribuições para cidadania
Authors: Guimarães da SILVA Valquíria
Published: August 2020

Esta pesquisa buscou compreender como o rádio contribui para o entendimento de mundo indispensável à formação de opiniões sobre questões relevantes ao exercício da cidadania. Entendemos ser fundamental discutir o papel da mídia como um dos principais fóruns de discussão em sociedades democráticas e consideramos o rádio como um veículo privilegiado para a promoção da cidadania, uma vez que reúne um conjunto de elementos favoráveis a esse fim, dentre eles: a proximidade com o público e a linguagem utilizada. Desta forma, analisamos neste trabalho a relação entre cidadania e rádio na cidade de Palmas-TO. Para isso, estudamos as grades de programação de seis rádios com sintonia na cidade durante dois anos (2017 e 2018). Observamos que o rádio continua a ter um grande potencial cívico, mas neste momento, de um modo geral, a programação das seis rádios participantes do estudo, pouco contribuiu para a promoção de uma cidadania efetiva.

Palavras-chave: Cidadania; Palmas-TO; Jornalismo; Radiojornalismo. Democracia
RÁDIOS DA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO BRASIL: as histórias narradas nos artigos da Alcar
Authors: MUSTAFÁ Izani , ARCANJO Roseane , De BRITO Nayane
Published: August 2020

Resumo

O artigo exploratório, de caráter descritivo, sistematiza um levantamento das pesquisas sobre as rádios na região Nordeste do Brasil, apresentadas em 12 encontros nacionais e em quatro da Região Nordeste, realizados pela Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em História da Mídia (Alcar). Os objetivos foram identificar as produções sobre alguma rádio do Nordeste e compreender as perspectivas teóricas e as abordagens adotadas pelos autores. A análise teórica tem contribuição de Haussen (2004) e Ferrarreto (2012) que apontam a necessidade de reflexão crítica dos estudos sobre o rádio. O mapeamento registrou 79 trabalhos, 62 apresentados nos eventos nacionais e 17 nos regionais.

Palavras-chave

Rádio; Eventos Alcar; Comunicação; Nordeste; Metapesquisa
RADIOJORNALISMO E OS VÁRIOS MODOS DA EXPERIÊNCIA SONORA: identidade, diversidade e pesquisa acadêmica nos novos contextos tecnológicos. Entrevista com Madalena Oliveira.
Authors: MEIRELES Norma , PRATA Nair , LOPES Paulo Fernando
Published: August 2020

Entrevista concedida à Revista Latino-americana de Jornalismo Âncora por Madalena Oliveira, professora do Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade do Minho e pesquisadora do Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Sociedade. É doutora em Ciências da Comunicação pela Universidade do Minho (2007) e ensina habitualmente nas áreas de Semiótica, Linguagens e Jornalismo (especialmente Radiojornalismo). Seus interesses de investigação se situam no campo dos estudos de rádio e som, com particular enfoque na linguagem sonora e na produção de sentido a partir da experiência acústica. Coordena o projeto “Audire: guardar memórias sonoras”, financiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (agência portuguesa de financiamento das atividades científicas). Fundou em 2013 o Grupo de Trabalho de Rádio e Meios Sonoros da Associação Portuguesa de Ciências da Comunicação (Sopcom) e foi chair da Radio Research Section da European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA), entre 2014 e 2018. É vice-presidente do Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade do Minho (desde 2019) e vice-presidente da Sopcom.

Para citar esta entrevista: MEIRELES, Norma; PRATA, Nair; LOPES, Paulo Fernando. RADIOJORNALISMO E OS VÁRIOS MODOS DA EXPERIÊNCIA SONORA: identidade, diversidade e pesquisa acadêmica nos novos contextos tecnológicos. Entrevista com Madalena Oliveira. Revista Âncora, v.7, n.1, p. 474-492, 2020.
EFEITOS NÃO PREVISTOS DE UMA POLÍTICA NACIONAL
Authors: Ramos Maria Elizabete Neves , Muylaert Lima Naira da Costa
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar efeitos não previstos do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC), que tinha como eixo principal a formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores. O PNAIC foi uma política de âmbito nacional baseada no regime de colaboração envolvendo os três entes federados. A política, embora formulada pelo governo federal, era materializada nos municípios, o que acabou gerando um efeito não previsto na formulação da política: os professores alfabetizadores participantes do PNAIC, por causa de seus incentivos, foram em busca de mais formação para além da formação continuada oferecida pelo programa, tanto em nível de graduação como de pós-graduação. Isso gerou efeitos simbólicos e materiais para as gestões municipais, que precisam lidar com esses efeitos localmente. Para a realização deste estudo, recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, utilizou-se análise documental, entrevistas com atores da política e um levantamento estatístico com os dados de diferentes anos do Censo Escolar sobre a mudança no nível de escolaridade dos professores alfabetizadores de redes municipais do estado do Rio de Janeiro.
TORRE DAS DONZELAS: MEMÓRIAS DAS EXPERIÊNCIAS DE LIBERDADE E RESISTÊNCIA NO CÁRCERE
Authors: Vanda Lúcia Praxedes  , Haydenée Gomes Soares Manso
Published: August 2020

O artigo discute as relações entre cinema, história e memória de mulheres, presas políticas que fizeram oposição e resistência ao regime militar brasileiro na década de 1970, com base na análise do documentário Torre das Donzelas (2018). O documentário reúne depoimentos de mulheres que foram perseguidas, presas e confinadas no Presídio Tiradentes, na ala feminina, denominada ‘Torre das Donzelas’. No que se refere ao campo das relações entre Cinema e História, apresenta-se a obra cinematográfica, ao mesmo tempo, como ‘fonte, sujeito, tecnologia e meio de representação’ para a análise histórica. A utilização da fonte fílmica como corpus documental, a análise dos discursos e práticas cinematográficas têm permitido, aos historiadores da área de história cultural, política, bem como aos cientistas sociais, observarem, também, os usos, recepções e apropriações dos discursos em obras cinematográficas. Quanto à memória entendida como de relações de poder ‒ como um campo de conflitos, disputas, embates e disputas de narrativas de um determinado evento, entre grupos e/ou comunidades, que pode ser observado na construção de uma ‘memória oficial’ procurando silenciar e se sobrepor às chamadas ‘memórias subterrâneas’ ‒, a análise fílmica possibilitou a reflexão sobre a  construção de outra memória sobre as graves violações dos direitos humanos vividas por um grupo de mulheres no período do regime militar. A prisão, as torturas vivenciadas por essas mulheres, certamente, constituíram traumas permanentes, mas, também, foram construídas, nesse processo, várias formas de resistências no cárcere, sem perder a própria humanidade e a importância da luta.
CIÊNCIA E ADMINISTRAÇÃO: A PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DE ADMINISTRADORES DOCENTES DE FACULDADES PÚBLICAS DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Minto Ludmila Passos , Dos Santos Magno Guzzo , De Oliveira Elisa Fabris
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo mapear, analisar e avaliar o caráter aplicado da produção científica dos docentes formados em Administração que lecionam nas faculdades públicas do estado do Espírito Santo, sendo elas, a Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), o Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (IFES) e a Faculdade de Ensino Superior de Linhares (FACELI). Através de procedimentos metodológicos descritivos e de caráter documental, como resultado, foram identificados 406 artigos completos publicados em periódicos escritos em língua portuguesa, estando a produção, principalmente, concentrada entre os acadêmicos com titulação de doutor, com vínculo de dedicação exclusiva e pertencentes à UFES. Quanto ao tipo das pesquisas, verificou-se que 52% delas apresentam caráter aplicado, enquanto 48% revelaram ser de caráter não aplicado. Por fim, observou-se que o desafio da produção científica em Administração, no Espírito Santo, está primordialmente em promover a real aproximação entre a academia e o mercado, e em incentivar as produções e publicações científicas para além do âmbito acadêmico e para além da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Desenvolvimento Econômico Local (DEL) e Políticas Públicas (PPSs)
Authors: Lima Marcos Antonio Martins
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo objetiva conhecer e disseminar o processo de maturidade em políticas públicas por parte do setor do varejo brasileiro, tendo como pressuposto a necessidade de considerar as suas peculiaridades, bem como a sua multiplicidade e diversidade de perfis de negócios para a elaboração, articulação e gestão de agendas de políticas públicas. O processo continuado e histórico de integração entre as Políticas Públicas (PPs) e o Desenvolvimento Econômico Local (DEL) no Brasil vem conquistando melhores momentos do que no passado, porém ainda requer avanços na qualificação de todas as lideranças envolvidas (políticas, governamentais, jurídicas, sociais e empresariais) e permitindo que as políticas públicas do varejo sejam implementadas em paralelo com o desenvolvimento econômico e social da comunidade local e regional no qual está inserido.
The Informal Labor Market and The Costs of Sovereign Borrowing
Authors: Dus Poiatti Natalia
Published: August 2020

The informal labor market or informal sector is responsible for an economically significant fraction of GDP production in emerging economies. Taking the informal sector to be all economic activity intentionally concealed from tax authorities to avoid tax payments, an increase in the sector adversely impacts the government ability to collect tax revenues and may increase the probability of sovereign default. In turn, higher probability of sovereign default makes borrowing in international financial markets more costly. However, the current macro-finance models do not properly account for the role of the informal sector in explaining sovereign default risk. In this paper, I estimate a vector autoregressive model measuring the causal relationships between sovereign spreads, a measure of default risk, and the size of the informal sector. The results indicate that the size of the informal sector is as important as formal output variations in explaining sovereign spreads. Therefore, policies designed by emerging economies to reduce the size of the informal labor market are important to decrease the costs of borrowing in international financial markets and increase the financing options for productive investment.
Movimentos Sociais, Institucionalização e Políticas Públicas
Authors: Serafim Lizandra
Published: August 2020

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Effect of Tribochemical Coating on Composite Repair Strength
Authors: Ritter AV , Sulaiman T , Altitinchi A , Baratto-Filho F , Gonzaga CC , Correr GM
Published: August 2020

Clinical Relevance

Tribochemical treatment of existing composite surfaces is highly effective for composite repair. When repairing an old composite restoration, the clinician should try to use the same composite originally used for the restoration. If the information about the original restoration is not known, a composite with strong mechanical properties should be used for the repair restoration.

This study evaluated the effect of tribochemical coating on composite-to-composite repair interfacial fracture toughness (iFT). Sixty beam-shaped specimens (21×4×3 ± 0.2 mm) were prepared with a nanofill composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra [FSU]) and a nanohybrid composite (Clearfil Majesty ES-2 [CME]) and aged for 50,000 thermocycles (5°C-55°C, 20-second dwell time) and then sectioned in half. The resulting 120 hemispecimens (60 for each composite) were randomly assigned to different repair methods (n=10): universal adhesive (Clearfil Universal Bond Quick [CUB]), sand-blasting followed by CUB, or tribochemical coating (CoJet, CoJet sand, Espe-Sil, and Visio-Bond). The repair surface was prepared with a diamond bur (Midwest #471271), rinsed, and dried. Each aged composite brand (FSU, CME) was repaired with either the same composite or the opposite composite. All adhesives and composites were light cured with a high-irradiance LED curing light (Elipar DeepCure-S). After postrepair storage in 100% humidity and at 37°C for 24 hours, iFT was measured as KIc (MPa m½). Data were analyzed for statistical significance using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey honest significant difference post hoc test (α=0.05). Regardless of the substrate composite, ANOVA showed significant differences for surface treatment (p<0.0001) and repair composite (p<0.0001). Mean iFT values (SD) ranged from 0.91 (0.10) MPa·m½ to 2.68 (0.12) MPa·m½. Repairs made with FSU after CoJet resulted in significantly higher iFT (FSU: 2.68 MPa·m½; CME: 2.21 MPa·m½) when compared to the other experimental groups. The repair iFT was higher with CoJet treatment and when the nanofill composite FSU was used as the repair composite.
Substrate Temperature Effect on the Spectrum Emission in Superconductor Heterostructure BiPbSrCaCuZnO
Authors: Shakouli Suzan Malek
Published: August 2020

This paper shows the applied voltage effect on the superconductor substrate sample. The substrate temperature (Ts) increases the activation energy of the substrate atoms. Thus, the injecting of minority carriers (holes) increased in ZnO semiconductor. These carriers recombine with electrons of 4S1 shell for Cu atom. The recombination occurs by two ways from band to band (direct recombination) or via traps (indirect recombination). The recombination mechanisms produce photons emission in the ultraviolet and visible spectrum. The calibration between voltage and temperature achieved using Variac device. The applied voltages were 60, 65, 70, and 80 Volt, and the recorded substrate temperatures were 300, 320, 350, and 400 °C, respectively.
Significance of gene polymorphysm in development of colorectal cancer
Authors: Kulikov Evgeniy P. , Sudakov Aleksey I. , Nikiforov Aleksandr A. , Mertsalov Sergey A. , Grigorenko Vladimir A.
Published: August 2020

Aim. To determine the significance of polymorphism of MTHFR (Ala222Val), XPD (Lis751Gln), XRCC1 (Arg194Trp), XRCC1 (Arg399Gln), XRCC1 (Arg208His), APE1 (Asp148Glu), hOGG1 (ser326Ces), P53 (Pro47Ser), VEGF (C654G), EGFR(A2073T), TNF(G308A), CHEK2 (Ile157Thr), MMP1 (1607 1G2G), TIMP1(C53CT) genes in development of colorectal cancer.
Materials and Methods. 106 Cases of colorectal cancer in patients who were on treatment in Ryazan Clinical Oncological Dispensary (Ryazan) were analyzed. Genotyping in all patients was performed using the method of isolation of DNA from leukocytes of venous blood with subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with electrophoretic detection of the result.
Results. No interrelation between the age of patients and polymorphism of any studied gene was recorded at the moment of verification of the diagnosis (р0.05). Statistically significant relationship was identified between polymorphism of TNF (G308A) gene and the stage of cancer: its homozygous major genotype G/G more commonly occurred in the group of patients with III-IV stage (р=0.047). In the presence of allele of G/G TNF (G308A) gene together with homozygous mutant allele of MMP1 (1607 1G/2G) gene, a direct relationship with increase in the number of patients diagnosed with III-IV stage was noted. This combination of two polymorphisms showed a statistically significant difference in the studied groups (р=0.025). In 8 out of 10 patients with IV stage, the presence of G/G polymorphism in VEGF (C654G) gene was noted. This mutant homozygous variant was much more rare in patents with I (37.5%), II (40%) or III stages (37.5%) (р=0.0147).
Conclusions. The studied genes do not influence the age of manifestation of colorectal cancer and occur at the same frequency in patients of both genders irrespective of the age group. Localization and the extent of differentiation of the tumor do not depend on polymorphism of the studied genes either. The presence of G/A polymorphism of TNF (G308A) gene should be considered a favorable criterion associated with lower aggressiveness of the tumor (р0.05), whereas identification of the major G/G genotype especially in combination with homozygous mutant allele of MMP1 (1607 1G/2G) gene is an unfavorable factor (р0.05). The presence of G/G mutant genotype of VEGF (C654G) gene may directly correlate with rapid progression of tumor and with active metastatic spreading (р0.05).
A study of influence of progesterone on activity of Glycoprotein-P in vitro
Authors: Erokhina Pelageya D. , Abalenikhina Yulia V. , Shchulkin Alexey V. , Chernykh Ivan V. , Popova Natalia M. , Slepnev Alexandr A. , Yakusheva Elena N.
Published: August 2020

Background. Glycoprotein-P (Pgp, АВСВ1) is a transporter protein participating in pharmacokinetics of medical drugs, and also in development of resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy.
Aim. To study the influence of progesterone on the activity of Pgp in vitro on a cell model of human small intestinal epithelium.
Materials and Methods. The work was conducted on Caco-2 cells. The activity of Pgp was evaluated by transport of fexofenadine in a special transwell-system. Concentration of fexofenadine was analyzed by HPLC method. The amount of Pgp was determined by EIA method. Four series of experiments were conducted: control cells preincubated with clean transport medium without addition of any substances; influence of rifampicin on the activity and synthesis of Pgp in the concentration 10 mol/l in preincubation for 3 days (induction control); influence of progesterone on the activity of Pgp in concentrations 1, 10 and 100 mol/l in preincubation for 30 min; influence of progesterone on the activity and synthesis of Pgp in concentrations 1, 10 and 100 mol/l in preincubation for 3 days.
Results. Progesterone in the concentrations 1 and 10 M in incubation with cells within 30 minutes did not show any reliable influence on the activity of Pgp, however, in concentration 100 M it reduced the activity of the transporter protein.
In incubation of Caco-2 cells with progesterone in concentrations 1, 10 and 100 M within 3 days the activity of Pgp remained unchanged. Progesterone in concentration 100 M in incubation within 3 days significantly increased synthesis of Pgp in enterocytes by 114.3% as compared to control, and in other used concentrations (1 and 10 M) it produced no reliable effect.
Conclusion. In in vitro experiments on Caco-2 cells progesterone in concentration 100 M produces a direct inhibiting effect on the activity of Pgp; however, in incubation within 3 days it increases synthesis of the transporter protein, which cancels out its inhibitory activity.
Las redes de investigación en el marco de la revolución industrial 4.0 y la Cuarta Transformación
Authors: Gómez Ortíz Rosa Amalia , González Lozano Alma Arcelia , Ávila Gómez Patricia Ruth
Published: August 2020

Teniendo como telón de fondo tanto la revolución industrial 4.0 como la Cuarta Transformación, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar los retos que enfrentan los coordinadores de redes de investigación en las organizaciones educativas en México. La investigación surgió ante la necesidad de crear nuevas redes de este tipo en el Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN). Se analizaron las características relacionadas con la innovación y la generación de nuevo conocimiento de la revolución industrial 4.0 y la Cuarta Transformación, las cuales tienen algunas similitudes aun cuando sus diferencias son más que patentes. En medio de estas dos corrientes, y ante la necesidad resolver problemas de gran envergadura, las redes de investigación son una herramienta imprescindible. El método fue inductivo-deductivo, con un estudio diagnóstico que contó con la aplicación de una guía de entrevista bajo la modalidad de debate. La muestra fue de 16 expertos. La información se manejó mediante el software Atlas.ti, con análisis reflexivo y de frecuencias. Entre los retos identificados se encuentran la falta de conocimiento del coordinador cuando se inicia una red sobre la variedad de investigadores y sobre las orientaciones respecto a un mismo tema, así como retos de comunicación y de organización. Como parte de las conclusiones, se aporta nuevo conocimiento teórico y propuestas para establecer políticas de acción para la creación y operación de redes de investigación institucionales; propuestas que pueden ayudar a mejorar la gestión y dinámica de las redes de investigadores formales e informales.
Warlords to Politicians: The Transformation of Rebel Leaders in Africa (on the Example of Sierra Leone)
Authors: Denisova T. S. , Kostelyanets S. V.
Published: August 2020

The paper analyzes the processes of transformation of leaders of rebel movements and tribal militias (warlords) into leaders of political parties and senior government officials after the end of the Civil War (1991‑2002) in Sierra Leone. It is argued that the opportunities for an anti‑government (or, on the contrary, pro‑government) armed group to become an officially recognized political organization, and for erstwhile field commanders to become its leaders, emerge either in the event of a rebel victory or after the signing of a peace agreement (as it happened in Sierra Leone) and the beginning of the integration of former militants into the post‑war society. It is usually the implementation of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs that allows former rebels and their leaders to escape punishment for crimes committed during conflicts. At the same time, the opportunity to “earn forgiveness” is not the only incentive for a warlord to evolve into a peacetime politician. Indeed, gaining political power in African countries entails access to various sources of enrichment, and since running armed groups requires their leaders to possess organizational and entrepreneurial skills and charisma ‑ naturally, along with less positive character traits ‑ many warlords who have not yet fulfilled their political ambitions or secured their financial situation try to “adapt” their wartime skills and experience to peaceful life. A proven way of gaining power peacefully is by participating in presidential and parliamentary elections. It is assumed that the development of a political career by former rebels in the context of peacebuilding should prevent the unfolding of another spiral of violence, but this is far from always the case: accustomed to achieving goals by military means, they often attempt to solve political issues through violence in peacetime. The paper considers the reasons for certain former rebel leaders to remain committed to peacebuilding and for other warlords to prove unable to achieve political goals by peaceful means.
Problems of Regionalization in Post-Soviet Central Asia
Authors: Malysheva D. B.
Published: August 2020

Different interpretations of the concept of “Central Asia” (CA) as well as mutual definitions of its geographical borders indicate the incompleteness in the process of forming Central Asia as a region. Regionalization as an effective form of upholding and promoting by Central Asian countries their national interests is distinguished in Central Asia by a multilevel characterization. It includes the desire of the republics to promote their national interests as sovereign states, then to develop their trade, economic and political interaction within the framework of integration processes, and to join various integration initiatives and supranational projects with a wide range of non‑regional participants. Central Asian states’ attempts to develop intra‑regional cooperation in the period from 1994 to 2005 ended in failure. Since 2017, the idea of a “new integration” has been gaining popularity in Central Asia, and it is considered to be a part of the construction within the framework of the Union of Central Asian States which is planned for creation. Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan claim for the role of “region‑forming” countries and two cores around which the development of hypothetical regional integration is possible. At the same time, the foreign policy of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, their approaches to security problems have a kind of differences, while their regional neighbors are also differ from each other in their approaches to some economic and social issues; the resource base of Central Asian states is incomparable either. Therefore, there are many factors that hinder a regionalization as well as an integration. Among them are the centripetal aspirations of the Central Asian countries/ They prefer, instead of neighbors in the region, external partners and markets, international financial institutions and donor structures. There are objective obstacles that impede regionalization, including the fact that the five republics of the region reluctant to share the sovereignty acquired after the collapse of the USSR in favor of supranational structures, whether they operate on the scale of the post‑Soviet space or they are planned to be created within the region.
Improvement of power efficiency and environmental safety of ship boilers
Authors: Stenin Valery Alexandrovich , Ershova Irina Valer’yevna
Published: August 2020

The article focuses on the methods of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions that are important to consider and apply in operation of ship boilers and thermal power plants, along with other activities aimed to protect the environment. Nitrogen oxide emissions can be restrained by using the technological (primary, in-process) operations. Flue gas recirculation is the most popular method of restraining nitrogen oxide emissions in oil-gas boilers, reducing the temperature and nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gases. Besides affecting the environment, the combustion products recirculation greatly lowers the technical and economic performance of the boiler by decreasing its performance that is why using the method remains limited. There has been described the scheme of flue gas recirculation in the ship auxiliary boilers that ensures reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions and increase in efficiency of boiler furnace. It has been proposed to combine steam and carbon dioxide fuel conversion with power combustion and thermochemical heat regeneration. Thermodynamic feasibility of combustion product recirculation in ship auxiliary boiler has been given. Using the power and stoichiometric analyses of reference liquid fuel combustion, the possibility of fuel conversion has been illustrated for the case when both fuel and recirculation gases are supplied into reburning zone of the furnace. The calculations determine air oxygen ratio for reburning and oxidative zones, flue gas recirculation factor and furnace efficiency change at thermochemical heat regeneration. The study results are proposed to use in non-stoichiometric and staged fuel combustion.
Variable diesel-generator power plant based on double-fed machine
Authors: Khvatov Oleg Stanislavovich , Tarpanov Ilya Aleksandrovich , Kobyakov Dmitry Sergeevich
Published: August 2020

The article considers the problem of improving power efficiency of the diesel generator power plants as one of the priority objectives for development of low power generation in Russia. Improving energy efficiency for autonomous facilities is directly related to the optimization of hydrocarbon fuel consumption by marine diesel engines. It is possible to optimize the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines by creating variable-speed diesel generators (VSDG), which are diesel-generator units with semiconductor converters, i.e. systems with valved generators. Optimization of specific fuel consumption by VSDG is provided by the forced regulation of the rotational speed of the shaft of the internal combustion engine in accordance with its multi-parameter characteristic in the shared load conditions of the power plant. The synchronous electric machine is used as a generator as part of a ship power station. Its use in the classic constant-speed diesel generators is more preferable than an asynchronous electric machine. In the development of VSDG - valved power plant - the use of an electric machine with a phase rotor as a generator is technically justified, because the installed capacity of the frequency converter in the rotor circuit of an asynchronous generator with a phase rotor is determined by the sliding power and, with a limited range of speed control, SDGV significantly reduces the installed capacity of the electrical equipment. Such power topology of a ship’s power plant is called VSDG based on a dual-power machine. There has been proposed to consider a variant of a ship power plant based on VSDG with a dual-power machine. Its functional diagram and mathematical model are developed. A structural diagram is presented and dynamic modes of the amplitude and frequency of the generated voltage are modeled during electrical load switching.
Journalists like the rest of them? A case study of journalistic work routines at a Danish free newspaper
Authors: Sparre Kirsten
Published: August 2020

Academics have paid little attention to the practice of journalism at free newspapers since the free daily press emerged in 1995. A few studies have looked at the contents of free newspapers but not at the way journalism is practiced at free newspapers and whether these practices are different from journalistic work routines in the paid press. This article addresses that gap with a case study of the Danish free newspaper Metroxpress. After identifying the economic, political and digital forces shaping the contents at Metroxpress, the article maps the newspaper’s news net, analyse efforts put into newsgathering and compare them to the newsgathering efforts of other Danish newsbrands. Findings indicate that while the news net is smaller than those of other Danish newspapers, journalists at Metroxpress have similar work routines to other journalists, and their work is routinely recognised by peers in the form of quotations and nominations for professional awards.
The ripple effects of a partisan, free newspaper: Israel Hayom as disruptive media actor
Authors: Dahan Michael , Bentham Mouli
Published: August 2020

During its 10 years of existence, the free newspaper Israel Hayom (Israel today) has come to play a pivotal role in Israeli national politics and to serve as what we define as a disruptive media actor among other, commercial, daily newspapers in Israel. The seemingly innocuous daily newspaper, founded in 2007 and distributed widely, has, since 2011, become the most widely read newspaper in Israel. We suggest that Israel Hayom be viewed as a “disruptive” actor in the areas of politics and the media in Israel. Adapted from Christensen’s (1997) concept of disruptive technology or innovation, we define as disruptive a media actor that significantly impacts the field of politics and media economy, essentially forcing a change, or changes, in the “rules of the game”. While this model is currently unique to Israel, it is likely that under similar conditions further cases shall present themselves in the future.
Sophie Lambolez. «Dites donc il fonctionne pas ce machin.» Regard sur le support informatique.
Authors: Greco Sara
Published: August 2020

Sophie Lambolez. «Dites donc il fonctionne pas ce machin.» Regard sur le support informatique. Paris: L’Harmattan, 2016, pp. 198. With a preface by Alain Trognon and Anne-Nelly Perret-Clermont. ISBN 978-2-343-09716-9

This volume, appeared for the book series « Figures de l’interaction » (figures of interaction) published by L’Harmattan, deals with communication processes within a technical professional domain: Namely, remote troubleshooting and maintenance support (in French, “dépannage informatique à distance”) in the field of informatics. The author, Sophie Lambolez, is currently a lecturer at the University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Editorial
Authors: Häussler Tom , Salerno Sébastien
Published: August 2020

This is the second issue of Studies in Communication Sciences (SComS) as a full open access journal at our new home (www.scoms.ch). Open access in the “platinum” version endorsed by SComS is most readily associated with the benefits it has for authors in making their work accessible to a global audience without any delay and without incurring any costs. At the same time, open access allows journals such as SComS to operate more independently of commercial interests, to exert greater control over their content and the production process, and to realize their visions of an academic journal.
Understanding domestic social media use among Chinese college students under the framework of uses and gratifications
Authors: Pang Hua
Published: August 2020

Although China has the world’s largest population of social media users, little is known what drives Chinese users to adopt the country’s leading media platforms, like QQ, WeChat, and Weibo, and what gratifications are satisfied by using these fastest-growing sites. In light of the literature on the uses and gratifications theory, the study explored the essential pattern of computer-mediated communication phenomena and interaction behaviors in Mainland China. In this exploratory study, 258 college students from Chinese universities were asked about their uses and gratifications of these social media sites. The factor analysis reveals five key dimensions relating to gratifications obtained from social media are identified: relationship maintenance, amusement, style, information seeking and sociability. Moreover, a hierarchical OLS regression analysis shows that there is a positive relationship between frequency of social media use and the needs of relationship maintenance and amusement. Furthermore, among the five socio-psychological values, the social related factor is revealed to be significantly and positively linked with spending time on the social media.
Technisch generalisierte Kommunikationsmedien. Kommunikation im Medium der Adresslisten
Authors: Räwel Jörg
Published: August 2020

Aus systemtheoretischer Perspektive wird die Form adresslistenbasierter Kommunikation, wie sie das Internet ermöglicht – oft unter «soziale Medien» bzw. «soziale Netzwerke» kategorisiert –, untersucht. Kommunikation also etwa in Singlebörsen, sozialen Medien wie Facebook, Netzwerken beruflicher Ausrichtung, Reisekontaktbörsen, usw. Es wird gezeigt, wie Adresslisten als Medien eine technisch unterstützte Möglichkeit darstellen, das Problem doppelter Kontingenz, im Sinne von Initiative und Stabilisierung von Interaktionssystemen, zu bewältigen. Am Fallbeispiel der Anbahnung von (romantischer) Liebe, also in Bezug auf Singlebörsen, werden die Vorteile (Hoffnungen), wie auch die Nachteile (Enttäuschungen) von Adresslistenkommunikation erörtert. So wird nachgewiesen, dass hier zwar einerseits das Problem der Initiative bewältigt werden kann, aber Adresslistenkommunikation anderseits Probleme für die Kontinuität bzw. Stabilität von Interaktionssystemen innerhalb des symbolisch generalisierten Kommunikationsmediums Liebe induziert. Nicht zuletzt wird gezeigt, dass durch Adresslisten reputationsorientierte Kommunikation an Bedeutung gewinnt.From a system-theory perspective, the form of address list based communication, as made possible by the Internet – often categorized under “social media” or “social networks” – is analyzed. Examples of address-list based communication are online dating services, online social networking sites such as Facebook, networking sites for the business community, travel networking sites, etc. The paper theorizes how address-lists as media represent a technologically supported possibility to cope with the problem of double contingency in terms of initiative and stabilization of interaction systems. The paper addresses, as a case example, the advantages (hopefulness) and the disadvantages (disappointments) of address-list based communication in the initiation of love or romantic relationships. Thus, it shows that the problem of initiative can be overcome, but address list communication creates problems for the continuity or stability of interaction systems within love as a symbolically generalized medium of communication. Last, but not least, it shows that address lists increase the importance of reputation-oriented communication.
Digital astroturfing in politics: Definition, typology, and countermeasures
Authors: Kovic Marko , Rauchfleisch Adrian , Sele Marc , Caspar Christian
Published: August 2020

In recent years, several instances of political actors who created fake grassroots activity on the Internet have been uncovered. We propose to call such fake online grassroots activity digital astroturfing, and we define it as a form of manufactured, deceptive and strategic top-down activity on the Internet initiated by political actors that mimics bottom-up activity by autonomous individuals. The goal of this paper is to lay out a conceptual map of the phenomenon of digital astroturfing in politics. To that end, we introduce, first, a typology of digital astroturfing according to three dimensions (target, actor type, goals), and, second, the concept of digital astroturfing repertoires, the possible combinations of tools, venues and actions used in digital astroturfing efforts. Furthermore, we explore possible restrictive and incentivizing countermeasures against digital astroturfing. Finally, we discuss prospects for future research: Even though empirical research on digital astroturfing is difficult, it is neither impossible nor futile.
Data stories. Rethinking journalistic storytelling in the context of data journalism
Authors: Weber Wibke , Engebretsen Martin , Kennedy Helen
Published: August 2020

This paper addresses the increased use of data and data visualization in newsrooms, which has yielded a new form of storytelling: data stories. In journalism, data stories or storytelling with data are the new buzzwords. What journalists mean by data stories, however, remains blurred. We use the emergence of data stories as an opportunity to describe the changing understanding of journalistic storytelling. Based on interviews with editorial leaders, data journalists, developers, and designers in 26 major news organizations in Europe, we focus on practitioners’ perspective on data stories. In our empirical study, we identified seven key features of journalistic data stories: data, communicative function, the textual-visual relationship, structure and design of a story, interactivity, and the meta-story. These findings contribute to rethinking the narrative approach to journalism.
The effects of public diplomacy on country identity in countries with different language regions and cultures: The case of Switzerland
Authors: Ingenhoff Diana , Richner Dominique
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the existing differences in (regional) country identity between the two biggest language regions of Switzerland, and the effects that differently-framed public diplomacy messages have on these country identities. To analyze the heterogeneous dimensions of regional country identity in the two language regions and the effects of public diplomacy messages, an experimental study with four different groups was conducted. The results show that a) even within one country, different language regions have differing country identities and give varying significance to different dimensions, b) these differences have an impact on how public diplomacy messages are perceived, and c) they also have an impact on the overall country identity of the recipients of these messages. Finally, we show that d) these impacts are moderated by the subjects’ political opinions on an issue as well as the framing of the message itself.
What plus-size means for plus-size women: A mixed-methods approach
Authors: Christel Deborah A. , Williams Née Dunn Susan C.
Published: August 2020

Western fashion is constantly evolving and in order to obtain notoriety, brands need to positively connect with consumers. Individuals who wear plus-sizes are acutely aware of their reduced clothing choices and rely on language cues to find clothing. Unfortunately, the categorisation of plus-size consumers is fraught with discord and frustration. Fashion communication should consider consumer needs and preferences. However, the language used to classify plus-size consumers has yet to be examined. Plus-size women were recruited online to rate twelve terms associated with plus-size women’s clothing. The survey collected a total of 324 responses of age, height, weight and ratings of terms used to classify plus-size apparel, such as Women’s, Curvy. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance to compare differences considering age and body mass. This study revealed 96% of the sample ranked the classification Women’s higher than Plus-Size. The study offers insights into how plus-size consumers view sizing communications. It also offers a useful ranking of terms that fashion companies can adopt to ensure they are communicating in language that the intended consumer prefers. This study contributes to research on social identity of clothing size, plus-size consumer experiences, and further validates the multidimensional challenges faced by plus-size consumers.
Body in fashion films: The new net-aesthetic era
Authors: Buffo Simonetta
Published: August 2020

With “fashion film” we mean those online videos that are peculiar to fashion industry and are developing their own language and new types of brand narration. The field of study presented here to is related to language. The objective is indeed to better understand how this new communication tool has influenced the conventional language of fashion images through the development of new codes or a transformation of the existing ones. The object under examination is, in particular, the body as a preferred communication code within this industry. This body is not viewed by fashion as a simple object to dress, but rather as a mediating channel between the individual’s individuality and their need for communication, or better to say, their need to establish a relationship within its context. To do so, it seemed appropriate to start with the examination of the history of fashion images by concisely analysing how the body has changed its communicative role over the decades. Further analysis was then conducted in order to focus on the new meaning undertaken by the body in fashion films. As a consequence, the result is a complex and extremely rich picture.
Taste-making in turbulent times: Vogue and its social networks
Authors: Matthews Rachel
Published: August 2020

Vogue is a long-standing taste-making institution, with a reputation for drawing together a selection of the most fashionable people, places, and products in its monthly magazine. In the mass-communication systems of the twentieth century, expert knowledge conveyed through monthly magazines was important and effective. However, the digital context of the twenty-first century enables instant access to fashion information, influences and influencers, allowing us to be as informed as many experts. The paper uses Actor-Networks (Latour, 2005) to examine the evolution of taste-making practices in fashion communication. Content from British Vogue May 1967 and May 2017 provides the data for a comparative analysis of changing methods of influence in fashion. This qualitative case study considers how Vogue has responded to the networked conditions of the contemporary communication environment and what its digital strategy can reveal about new methods of influence. It identifies how the ongoing structural changes to fashion communications continue to reshape institutional tastemakers such as Vogue, online and offline.
Editorial
Authors: Lobinger Katharina , Greco Sara
Published: August 2020

Dear SComS readers, We are happy to present you the first issue of 2019. As has happened quite regularly since the migration of SComS to the HOPE platform, also this issue features, beyond the general section, a thematic section. This time, our thematic section is devoted to crises seen from a perspective of political communication. We are happy and proud that many authors and contributors are willing to publish thematic sections with SComS, which propose cutting-edge research and open fresh perspectives on communication studies. You might consult our open calls for thematic sections on the journal webpage, www.scoms.ch.