bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An AI-Driven Framework for Automated Human Violence Detection Using Advanced Deep Learning Model and IoT Systems
Authors: H. J Dr. Vidyarani
Published: January 2025

Human violence poses a significant threat to public safety, making its early detection critical in preventing harm and
ensuring timely intervention. In today's world, it is a growing necessity that public safety can be achieved through intelligent
surveillance systems. In this paper, we propose an AI driven framework on automated human violence detection through the
combination of advanced deep learning techniques with IoT technologies. The system relies on YOLO (You Only Look Once)
object detection model from processing live video feeds to determining violent actions like fights and assaults. A custom dataset,
recorded and augmented by myself, was used to improve model reliability and performance. The framework was able to achieve
92% accuracy, proving its ability to produce real time results at low computational cost. A Telegram bot is used to transmit
notifications and alerts instantly, boosting the level of security and intervention in time. The framework is designed for
scalability and adaptability, being deployable in offices, schools or public areas. In the future, predictive analytics will be
embedded, multi camera support will be added, and by using Cloud storage, system efficiency and scalability will further be
enhanced. AI and IoT facilitates smart, responsive violence detection surveillance systems is a transformative piece of this
research.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SHARI'AH INSURANCE INVESTMENT ACCORDING TO FIQH MUAMALAH
Authors: Badri Hasan  , Kautsar Rizqi Safrizal
Published: January 2025

The principle of Sharia insurance is mutual assistance or mutual protection, where members set aside their funds as contributions related to tabarru' (charitable donations). Investments in insurance companies can be represented in the form of portfolios. A portfolio is a collection of integrated investment forms aimed at gaining investment returns. The primary objective of an investment portfolio is to achieve high returns with low risk levels to meet obligations to policyholders and for the growth of the company. Meanwhile, profitability depicts the company's ability to generate profits through all available capabilities and resources. Sharia-compliant insurance companies like Sunlife Sharia Insurance offer investment opportunities to customers through various insurance products. Each product has different contractual agreements, some requiring customers to make investments while others do not. Since Sharia-compliant insurance products containing investment elements are still relatively new, detailed explanations regarding the contracts and implementation of investments in the insurance company are necessary.The author uses a research method that includes qualitative research, which is descriptive in nature. The Fatwa of the National Sharia Council Number 21/DSN-MUI/X/2001 Regarding General Guidelines for Sharia Insurance states that Sharia insurance (ta'min, takful, or tadhamun) refers to mutual protection and assistance among individuals or parties through investments in the form of tabarru' funds that provide a return pattern to address specific risks through contracts (agreements) that comply with Sharia. Therefore, being insured is permitted in Sharia law because its fundamental principles encourage everything that strengthens the bonds among humans and alleviates their disasters, as mentioned in the Quran, Surah Al-Maidah, verse 2.
The Story of a Thing: A Frame-Analytic Perspective on a Biographical Approach to Materiality
Authors: Semovskikh U. S. , Davletov D. R.
Published: January 2025

The article focuses on the integration of a frame-analytic approach into the research field of the biography of material objects, whose main representatives were originally situated in classical anthropology and archaeology. The main aim of the article is the introduction of a sociological perspective to the study of the history of things. To achieve this goal, frame analysis is used as a tool of conceptual translation, based on a synthesis of key assumptions of existing approaches. The article is divided into two parts. The primary part undertakes a review of existing biographical concepts in disciplines related to sociology. Among their shortcomings is the anthropomorphizing of the biography of an object, which leads to linearity and the desire to establish the beginning and end of its ‘life’. We argue that a thing can have ‘a number of different simultaneous lives’ without specific dates. In addition, in the presented approaches, exchange appears to be the primary means of endowing an object with meaning, although it is not the only possible way. In contrast, we highlight the concept of ‘itineraries of an object’ as a preferable alternative. The first part of the work also formulates the epistemic horizon of a frame-analytical biography of the material. The unit of analyzing the history of a thing — its biographical event — is the transformation of the frame of the social situation given by the object under study. In the second part of the paper, the conceptual points are illustrated by the ‘life’ stories of several telephone booths: their transposition into a city Wi-Fi hotspot, their reframing into a work office, and their transposition into a complex facility at a scientific conference. It is argued that frame theory has a conceptual apparatus relevant for explaining changes in biography, which considers the relationality of meaning-making, the qualities of a thing per se, and the dispersed (as opposed to linear) nature of these changes.
Ordinal Society and Its Future. Book Review: Fourcade M., Healy K. (2024) Ordinal Society, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Authors: Zhikharevich D. M.
Published: January 2025

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Wing Morphology and Echolocation of Rhinopoma hardwickii (Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat, Gray, 1831)
Authors: Singh Shaktivardhan , Elangovan Vadamalai , Bharti Sanjay Kumar , Misra Pawan Kumar
Published: January 2025

Rhinopoma hardwickii is currently classified as a member of the Yinpterochiroptera suborder, which includes frugivorous and some insectivorous bats. This species is the smallest in the Rhinopomatidae family and easily identified by its long tail. The wing morphology and echolocation calls of this species were studies to see if there were any changes in wing morphology between sexes, echolocation calls across different environments such as natural (roost and field) and controlled (captive), as well as different geographical areas. In this study, a total of 41 individuals (27 male and 14 female) of R. hardwickii were captured and their wing morphology was measured. The results show that there were no statistically significant variations in their morphometric characteristics or in wing morphology between the sexes. This species has with high wing loading and a high aspect ratio, as well as pointed wing tips. The echolocation calls consisted up to five harmonics of FM and CF- FM sweeps. Peak frequencies, start frequency, end frequency, and IPI of three separate environment parameters (roost, capitative, and field recording) differed significantly (p > 0.001).Moreover, we compared the frequency at maximum energy with four different geographical regions such as Kerala, Gujrat, and Israel to current study, and found that the frequencies of bat calls do not vary with geographical region (H=0.667, df=3, p=0.881). Therefore, the current study provides accurate identification of R. hardwickii on the basis of echolocation call in a different environment. The echolocation call and wing morphology data clearly show that this species is a fast flyer with limited manoeuvrability that feeds on forest canopy or over water bodies.
Temporal Patterns of Cicada Emergence in Two Urban Parks
Authors: Kang Jae-Yeon , Lee Heejo , Kwon Yong-Su
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the relationship between cicada emergence patterns and climatic variables (temperature and humidity) in two urban parks in Seoul, Asian Park and Cheongdam Park. Weekly collections of cicada exuviae were conducted during the summers (June to August) from 2015 to 2017 to analyze emergence rates and their associations with climatic factors. A total of six cicada species were identified, with Hyalessa maculaticollis being the dominant species in Cheongdam Park (76.2%) and Cryptotympana atrata in Asian Park (54.3%). Emergence rates increased from mid-July, peaked in early August, and exhibited an overall upward trend during the study period. The observed differences between the parks appear to stem from variations in microclimatic conditions. Asian Park, characterized by open and flat urban landscapes, consistently recorded higher average temperatures over the three years. In contrast, Cheongdam Park, with its cooler oak-dominated, semi-forested environments, maintained more consistent microclimatic conditions within the urban setting. This study highlights the role of cicada emergence patterns in reflecting urban microclimatic conditions and provides baseline data for understanding the ecological impacts of urbanization and climatic variability.
Data on Time-series Observation of Ground Subsidence in South Korea Using Sentinel-1 SAR Observations
Authors: Lee Chanuk , Ju Jeongheon , Kang JangHun , Kim Seowon , An HeeJin , Hong Yuna , Hwang Seokyeong , Hong Sang-Hoon
Published: January 2025

Ground subsidence is a phenomenon where surface materials sink due to a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. South Korea has experienced human casualties and economic losses due to ground subsidence, such as sinkholes. Moreover, with the recent increase in earthquakes in the country, the importance of collecting and analyzing data for monitoring ground subsidence and surface displacement for disaster prevention is growing. This study monitored ground subsidence that occurred in South Korea from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022, while also observing other surface displacements. The study utilized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite data, which, due to its high penetration capabilities of microwaves, is relatively unaffected by weather and day-night conditions, enabling wide-area observation with high spatial resolution, making it suitable for monitoring surface displacements. A total of 321 C-band Sentinel-1 SAR images, obtained between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2022, were analyzed. Based on a perpendicular baseline distance of 200 meters and a time interval of 100 days, small baseline subset network were created. Time-series surface displacement data and velocity maps were produced to analyze the overall displacement patterns in the study areas.
St. Nikephoros of Antioch - a nominal warrior saint. A note on the interplay of onomastics and iconography in Eastern Christian art
Authors: Zivkovic Milos
Published: January 2025

The paper explores the cult and iconography of St. Nikephoros, focusing on
his representations as a soldier. Such representations, previously unnoticed
in studies on the iconography of warrior saints in Eastern Christian art,
have survived on several Byzantine seals and in post-Byzantine painting. It
also draws attention to examples that feature this saint with warrior saints
shown in patrician clothing. The hagiographic sources on St. Nikephoros
offer no grounds for including this early Christian martyr in the military
saint category. This was probably the result of a visual interpretation of
the highly suggestive meaning of his name (?Bringer of Victory?).
The interest of apple orchard vegetation for the pollen supply of honey bees in South Tyrol (Italy)
Authors: Geier Jacob , Bucher Edith , Wolf Manfred , Mair Benjamin , Kofler Werner , Haas Jean Nicolas
Published: January 2025

Fruit cultivation is one of the main economic sectors in South Tyrol (Italy) with one of the largest fruit production areas in the EU. In some parts of South Tyrol, more than 75% of the agricultural land is used for the cultivation of fruit trees, such as apples (Malus domestica). Almost 3500 beekeepers are managing 38 000 honey bee colonies, mainly in the valleys between 200 and 600 m a.s.l.. In this article, we aim to elucidate to what extent these fruit tree areas are visited and used by honey bees, especially outside the apple tree blossom period. We investigated the importance of apple orchards for the supply of pollen to honey bees during a period of five years (2016-2020), using palynological analyses of honey bee pollen pellets combined with vegetation surveys inside apple orchards. The results clearly indicate that the local apple orchards were the major pollen source for honey bees during the four weeks of apple tree blossom. However, in the weeks before the beginning of the apple blossom, and in the six weeks after, the apple orchards played a minor role in the supply of pollen to honey bees. Throughout the seasons investigated, flowers of a wide range of entomophilous and anemophilous plant species were the main sources of pollen. Broadleaved trees and shrubs contributed major parts of the pollen supply,whereas herbaceous plants, such as Veronica sp., Plantago lanceolata and Verbascum sp. were frequented far less by the honey bees. This suggests, that the honey bees may prefer pollen sources that provide large quantities of pollen, even though their flowers may not always produce nectar.
Why There Were Exceptional Recreational Coho Salmon Catches in the Strait of Georgia in 2023
Authors: Neville Chrys , Beamish Richard
Published: January 2025

The Strait of Georgia is a large inland sea between coastal British Columbia and Vancouver Island. Historically, it supported a large recreational and commercial fishery for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and it was believed that the limiting factor for getting even higher catches was the number of juveniles entering the ocean. However, in the 1990s there were dramatic declines in escapement and by the end of the decade the coho salmon fisheries in southern British Columbia were closed. It is now known that changes in productivity were related to a combination of declining marine survival and changes in winter distribution of the sub-adults (fish that had spent one winter at sea). In this paper we examine a more recent change in the winter and early summer distribution of age 1+ coho salmon that has resulted in exceptional fishing in the Strait of Georgia in 2023 with similar opportunities expected in 2024. We provide a hypothesis for what is regulating the distribution of these fish and suggest that these results support the hypothesis presented by Beamish and Neville (2021) that there is a carrying capacity for juveniles in the strait and that these periods can change rapidly.
The Puget Sound Offshore Monitoring Program: An Essential Management Tool for Salmon in a Changing Climate
Authors: Duffy Elisabeth , Crewson Mike , Beauchamp David , White Jacques
Published: January 2025

Juvenile salmon experience rapid change during early marine stages in estuarine, nearshore, and offshore marine habitats. Size and growth, particularly in offshore habitats, strongly influence survival to adulthood and are linked to food supply, predators, and environmental conditions. The Salish Sea Marine Survival Project (SSMSP) found that food supply and predation during early marine residence are the primary factors contributing to the persistent low marine survival for Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho (O. kisutch) salmon in Puget Sound and the Strait of Georgia (Pearsall et al. 2021). Further, climate change appears to be driving shifts in the food web that will likely exacerbate conditions. For salmon to survive in the long run, managers and recovery planners need time-series data that helps connect the dots between climate, plankton, forage fish, and salmon—both locally and across the greater Puget Sound ecosystem.
Tracking the Marine Migrations of Coho and Chinook Salmon
Authors: Quindazzi Micah , Duguid Will , Brown Tanya , Juanes Francis
Published: January 2025

During their marine life stage, Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) from watersheds connected to the Salish Sea display two distinct migration phenotypes; Strait of Georgia resident and out-migrant. Knowledge of Chinook and coho salmon marine migrations has been limited to tagged individuals caught by anglers and researchers. Microchemical techniques, specifically trace element and stable isotope analyses, can be used to identify the movement of fish in their marine environment. The goal of this study was to identify the microchemical signatures of different marine regions and to predict the proportion of escapements from Southern BC hatcheries that were residents or migrants. Initial results on coho salmon samples indicate that otolith trace elements can be used to determine differences between marine regions with over a 90% classification success rate. In 2017, roughly 70% of coho from Southern BC were Strait of Georgia residents, and in 2018 roughly 40% of coho from a few Southern BC river systems remained as residents. Otolith microchemistry shows promise as a technique to identify marine migration life history types amongst salmon.
Description of Mitochondrial Gene Mutations in Pakistani Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: An Investigation of Genetic Susceptibility
Authors: A Rehman
Published: January 2025

Background: Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were the important causes of cardiovascular diseases. However, little
was known regarding the role of mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) mutations in coronary artery disease (CAD). To investigated
the association between mitochondrial genes mutations and CAD in Pakistani population.
Methods: Approximately, 11 related CAD patients and 29 control subjects were recruited in this study; we performed PCRRFLP to amplify mitochondrial genes and subsequently sequenced the PCR products. In addition, the pathogenicity scoring
system was used to evaluate the deleterious roles of these genes mutations. We also used real-time PCR method to determine
the mtDNA content in CAD patients carrying these mutations.
Results: Three mutations were identified by PCR-Sanger sequencing; these mutations included mt-ND4 12133C>T, mt-ND5
12372G>A and mt-CYB 15884G>C. These mutations were localized at the highly conserved nucleotides, may cause the failure
in mt-DNA metabolism. Furthermore, CAD group showed a clear reduction in mitochondrial copy number by comparing with
the controls.
Conclusions: Mutations in mt-DNA genes were the important causes of CAD, our findings provided novel insight into the
pathophysiology of CAD that were manifested by mitochondrial dysfunction.
Adjunctive Antimicrobials in Nonsurgical Periodontitis Treatment: A Review of Recent Trials and Indications
Authors: G Boivin William , I Kormas , LF Wolff
Published: January 2025

This review collected the latest evidence from clinical trials on antimicrobials used as adjunctive medications for the
mechanical management of periodontitis, a common condition affecting teeth that leads to tooth loosening and tooth loss.
A search was conducted on PubMed in May 2024 to identify human clinical trial reports published in the last five years in
English with a follow-up time of at least six months. This review included 29 randomized clinical trials. Nine trials studied
the adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics, five investigated topical agents, and fifteen applied various antimicrobial
photodynamic therapy (aPDT) protocols. The results of the included studies are discussed in the context of the latest evidencebased guidelines for the treatment of periodontitis. Adjunctive systemic antibiotics may benefit patients in selected severe
periodontitis cases, providing clinical and subgingival microbiological improvements lasting more than six months when used
with subgingival instrumentation. Localized treatment investigated in these studies demonstrated that aPDT and new locally
delivered antimicrobials like ozone, 1% melatonin and 5% tea tree oil gel may provide benefits. Further research is needed
to ensure more efficient uses for local delivery to provide a clinically significant improvement to the outcome of subgingival
instrumentation in the treatment of periodontitis.
A Study of Relationship between Maternal Serum Vitamin D Level with Hydatidiform Mole
Authors: Binte Rashid Ferdous Jahan , FA Badal , SN Akhter , R Pervin , AS Smita , RJ Bithi , N Naher , S Siddika
Published: January 2025

A hydatidiform mole (HM) is a gestational trophoblastic disease that originates from the placenta. The exact cause of it is
still unknown. Failure in the early detection of the condition may expose women to a higher rate of severe complications
including persistent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Vitamin D deficiency is common in women of reproductive age
and its lower level is presumably related to abnormal implantation, uncharacteristic fetal growth patterns, adverse birth
outcomes, and reproductive failure. The present study is designed to evaluate the association of maternal serum vitamin
D level with hydatidiform mole. The knowledge of which expected to be used for the prevention of hydatidiform mole and
its complications and correction of deficiency during pregnancy. This was a case-control study among purposively selected
pregnant women attending the outpatient and inpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Child and
Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka from January 2021 to December 2021. A total of 70 pregnant women between 18-45 years
of age were included in this study in their first trimester (up to 13 weeks) of gestation. Among them, 35 diagnosed women
with hydatidiform mole were considered as the cases and the rest of the 35 matched healthy pregnant women were selected
as controls. After taking consent and matching eligibility criteria, data were collected from patients on variables of interest
using the predesigned semi-structured questionnaire by interview, observation, relevant clinical examination and laboratory
investigation of the participants. Their maternal serum vitamin D level was investigated. Descriptive analysis was done using
Microsoft Excel 2010 and the analytic software SPSS v27.0, where required. The overall average maternal serum vitamin
D levels were significantly low among the cases compared to controls (18.27±8.89 vs. 26.29±8.01 ng/mL, P<0.001). The
difference in serum vitamin D levels between partial and complete moles was not significant (p>0.05). Maternal serum vitamin
D deficiency and insufficiency were noted more in the cases 45.7% and 31.4% respectively, while 57.1% of the controls had sufficient levels of vitamin D level (P=0.010). Considering maternal serum vitamin D level of 30 ng/mL as a cut-off value, odd’s
ratio calculation showed HM was 4.5 times more likely in women with low maternal serum vitamin D level (<30) than those
with ≥30 ng/dL (OR=4.50, CI95%=1.599-12.664; P=0.003). In conclusion, a low level of maternal serum vitamin D level was
found associated with hydatidiform mole
Female Sexual Functioning during Postpartum Period: A SingleCenter Survey on Polish Women
Authors: Szymanska Edyta , R Kisielewski , L Kisielewska , J Tomaszewski
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Numerous physical, psychological and sociocultural factors affect both the sexual function and the quality of
woman’s life during postpartum period. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate female sexual functioning during the
first year after childbirth.
Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective survey study on women in postpartum period using an anonymous
questionnaire including 73 inquiries concerning intimate relationship and sexual functioning during the first year after
childbirth. The following statistical test were used: chi-square test of independence, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient,
Wilcoxon and U Mann-Whitneya tests. The significance level of p = 0.05 was assumed.
Results: The study included 150 women, majority of them (60%) were at the age between 31-40 years old and were married
(87%). During the postpartum period, most women had a low need for intercourse (65%), which was lower than before
pregnancy (in 72% of participants) and statistically significant (p < 0.001). In 68% of cases, a decreased satisfaction with sex
was declared during the first year after the childbirth, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). In the first year after giving
birth, 74% of respondents decreased the average number of intercourses, and this difference was statistically significant (p
< 0.001). Also, after giving birth, the number of women who did not experience genital disorders decreased (75%). The most
common time to return to intercourse after childbirth was 6-12 weeks (67%), and it was either a joint decision (46%), or a
male partner choice (44%) in majority of cases.
Conclusion: Postpartum period has significant negative impact on woman’s sexuality. After the childbirth most women
declare less need for sexual intercourses, decreased number of intercourses with less satisfaction.
Effectiveness of Molasses, Washed Rice Water, and Coconut Water in Baglog Media on Production of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleorotus ostreatus)
Authors: Ali Fahri , Yeni Yeni , Rahhutami Ratih , Darma Wika Anrya , Sesanti Rizka Novi
Published: January 2025

Pleourotus ostreatus, well known as an white oyster mushroom is  the most popular edible mushroom in Indonesia. Baglog (sawdust as main substrat) is usually used to cultivating them. In the cultivation, it often occurs that the growing media in the baglog is not able to support the growth of oyster mushroom optimally. It is possible to add some supplements in the middle of cultivation period. The study aims to obtain information on the potential of molasses, washed rice water, and coconut water as nutritional supplements in white oyster mushroom cultivation to increase the production of it. This research was conducted from August to December 2022 at mushroom plant house (kumbung), Lampung State Polytechnic. This research used descriptive method with couple of parameter, like yield and form of white oyster mushroom. The results of this study shown that washed rice water can be used as supplement materials and has given the highest of white oyster mushroom yield (90.008 g). followed by coconut water (63.661 g), and molasses (51.102 g). On the other hand, the addition of washed rice water affect in productivity period if compared to molasses and coconut water addition.
Prediksi Umur Simpan Keripik Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) dalam Kemasan Plastik Polipropilen
Authors: Waluyo Sri , Damayanti Eko Regita , Tamrin Tamrin , Kuncoro Sapto
Published: January 2025

Mushrooms are one of the most popular foods in Indonesia because of their high nutritional value. The form of processed food that currently has a good market share is snack food chips. This study aimed to calculate the value of the water absorption constant (k) and to predict the shelf life of oyster mushroom chips in polypropylene (PP) plastics at 0.03 mm, 0.05 mm, and 0.07 mm thickness, and stored at the storage room humidity (RH) variations of NaNO2 (63%), NaCl (75%), and KCl (84%). This study was repeated three times, resulting in a total of 12 units. The results of this study showed that the higher the RH at storage and the thinner the thickness of the packaging, the higher the water content by weight (Me) of the material and the greater the contents value of its water absorption rate. Under these conditions, the shorter the shelf life of the fungal chips. The values of Me and the constant k on the variation of packaging thickness and RH range respectively from 11.5 to 26.5 and 0.05 to 0.17. The oyster mushroom chips have a shelf life of up to 17 days at a storage RH of 63% and are packaged in 0.07 mm thick PP plastic. Keywords: Mushrooms, Polypropylene Plastic, and the Water Absorption Constant (k).
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengupas Jengkol (Pithecellobium jiringa) Semi Mekanis
Authors: Arafat Muhammad Yasir , Tamrin Tamrin , Rahmawati Winda , Warji Warji
Published: January 2025

Research on jengkol peeling aims to facilitate in stripping effectively, efficiently and also minimize the organs of the body namely the injured finger at the time of stripping of the jengkol fruit. Testing this tool uses 18 samples of jengkol fruit divided into 2 types namely young and old, with diameters small, medium and large. The parameters observed in this study are the performance of the jengkol peeling tool and the success of stripping. The results of this study showed that the capacity of stripping small young jengkol fruit is 540 pieces per hour and the percentage of fruit peeling success is 100%, for young jengkol medium capacity is 300 pieces per hour and the success of stripping fruit skin is 94% and for young jengkol the capacity is 300 pieces per hour and the success of stripping 94%. Meanwhile, the small old jengkol fruit is 780 pieces per hour and the success of stripping the skin is 100%, for the old jengkol is 420 pieces per hour and the success of stripping 95% and for the large old jengkol is 300 pieces per hour and the success of stripping is 100%. Keywords: Design Build, Jengkol, Skin Jengkol.
Uji Kinerja Alat Pemotong Batang Singkong Tipe Double Block Cutter (DBC) pada Tiga Ukuran RPM
Authors: Asmara Sandi , Firmansyah Aulia Chandra , Kuncoro Sapto
Published: January 2025

This research on the performance test of the cassava stem cutting type Double Block Cutter (DBC) at three RPM sizes aims to determine the working capacity of the cassava stem cutting. The tool used in this study is a stopwatch, tachometer, measuring cup, derrigen, cassava stem seed cutter (Petokong). The materials used in this study were cassava stems and gasoline. This study used a Completely Randomized Facrorial Design (RALF) using two factors, namely the value of the cutting machine rotational speed factor and the factor of the number of inputs of cassava stems, each factor will be tested with three levels (treatment). The value of the rotational speed of the cutting tool was tested with three kinds of rpm, namely rotation speed 1 = 2600 rpm, rotation speed 2 = 3700 rpm, rotation speed 3 = 4800 rpm. The results of this study indicate that an increase in the working capacity of the tool is indicated by the increasing number of cutting seeds during testing with 4 sticks inserted, the effect of engine rpm on the performance test of the Petokong tool has no significant effect on the working capacity of the Petokong tool, the effect of the interaction between rpm and the feeder. cassava stems are only found in fuel consumption, while the working capacity and uniformity of the cut results do not occur interactions.  Keywords:  Cassava Kasesart, Cassava Seeds, Cassava Stems, Level of Uniformity. Petakong, Rpm.
Mempelajari Pengeringan Lapis Tipis Pisang Ambon
Authors: Linasari Linasari , Tamrin Tamrin , Rahmawati Winda , Kuncoro Sapto
Published: January 2025

This research aims to study the effect of temperature and banana varieties on changes in physical and chemical properties of banana’s sale after drying.  The study was conducted by an experimental method with two treatments namely drying temperature and banana varieties.  The parameters observed were initial water content, equilibrium water content (Me), drying constants (k), vitamin C, and color.  The results showed that the banana varieties (Green Ambon and White Ambon) did not affect the drying time, equilibrium water content (Me), and drying constants but did affect the final water content, vitamin C, and the panelists' preference level towards the sale colors of bananas produced.  While the drying temperature used affects all observed parameters.  Low temperature (± 50 ℃) is the optimal temperature because the temperature produces yellowish-brown banana color (Cinnamon) on both banana varieties with a preference level of 44.45% very like, the final water content of 15.28% bb with a long drying time of 38.67 hours on Green Ambon bananas, while on White Ambon bananas are 55.56% like, the final water content of 16.55% bb and drying time of 38.50 hours. Keywords: Banana Sale, Chemical Properties, Drying, Physical, Thin Layer.
Penambahan Arang Batok Kelapa pada Produksi Biogas Campuran Kotoran Ayam dan Kotoran Sapi
Authors: Haryanto Agus , Putri Laily Rahmadani , Suharyatun Siti , Telaumbanua Mareli
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of adding coconut shell biochar on biogas production from a mixture of chicken manure and cow manure. The research was conducted using a batch type digester with an active volume of 2000 mL. The substrate consists of a mixture of chicken manure and cow manure with a weight ratio of 1:1 and 3:1. Biochar from coconut shells is mashed and added at a rate of 3 grams. Parameters observed included ambient temperature, initial and final pH, biogas production and methane content in biogas. The results showed that the addition of coconut shell charcoal had a negative effect which was marked by a decrease in cumulative biogas production. The highest cumulative biogas production was obtained in the treatment without the addition of biochar, both K1B0 and K2B0. Biogas from the K2B0 treatment has a higher CH4 content than those of other treatments. Keywords: Biogas Production, Methane, pH, Substrate Rasio, Temperature
Memperpanjang Umur Simpan Sayuran Sawi Putih Menggunakan Cairan Nutrisi
Authors: Ghufroni Muhammad Afif , Warji Warji , Amien Elhamida Rezkia , Tamrin Tamrin
Published: January 2025

Chinese Cabbage is a perishable commodity perishable because it has the characteristics of a living being and does not have the ability to sustain its life. In general, mustard greens are only stored in sacks. This method can cause damage to the mustard leaves and damage to other parts. Therefore the aim of this research is to analyze the freshness of the vegetables after they are harvested and given supply plant nutrients to extend the shelf life of vegetables. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 different treatments. In the first treatment (A) it was carried out with a box filled with clean water without nutrients. The second treatment (B) to the 5th treatment were sequentially added AB mix nutrition of 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml and 50 ml. Treatment 6 (F) was stored without water. Observations were made every 2 days for 6 days so that the total observation was 12 days and stored at room temperature. All treatments were repeated 3 times to obtain 18 experimental units. The results showed that the provision of 5 ml of nutrition had an effect on freshness as indicated by a low weight loss and root growth. Provision of more than 5 ml of nutrients in maintaining the freshness of the chinese cabbage has a bad impact because it causes rotting of the chinese cabbage. Keywords:  Chinese Cabbage, Effect, Freshness, Nutrition, Storage.
Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Kopi Robusta Specialty dan Gula Kelapa Kristal untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Kopi Robusta Lokal
Authors: Syska Kavadya , Istiqomah Kholifatun , Ropiudin Ropiudin
Published: January 2025

Formulation of specialty robusta coffee added with crystalline coconut sugar is carried out to develop archipelago coffee products. The purpose of this study was to examine the conditions for the production of the best Robusta specialty coffee-crystalline coconut sugar based on physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics. The formulation for specialty robusta coffee crystal coconut sugar uses 3 temperature ranges, namely 60-70 ℃, 70-80 ℃ and 80-90 ℃, and a combination of specialty robusta coffee: sugar 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7 :3 g. The analysis carried out included moisture content, pH, yield, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that the highest pH in the specialty robusta coffee:sugar formulation was 7:3, because the more coconut sugar was added to the specialty robusta coffee formulation, the higher the pH obtained. And the yield obtained is mostly produced in the temperature range of 60-70℃. Based on the preference test for color and aroma, it was preferred that without the addition of crystalline coconut sugar, while for the flavor the formulation with the most addition of crystalline coconut sugar was preferred. Keywords: Characterization, Crystal Coconut Sugar, Formulation, Specialty Robusta Coffee, Quality.
Green Manufacturing for Rural Tofu SMEs to Increase Global Competitiveness: Case Study in Tofu Industry Center, Banyumas Regency, Central Java
Authors: Ropiudin Ropiudin , Syska Kavadya
Published: January 2025

Green manufacturing is an integrated sustainable activity that is expected to provide benefits for small industries, especially tofu industries that have obstacles such as pollution, simple technology, suboptimal processes, inefficiency of water and energy materials and limited financial capabilities. These obstacles cause the productivity process to be suboptimal and pollution around MSMEs due to waste that is disposed of without being processed.   This research was conducted at the MSMEs center in Kalisari village, Banyumas, Central Java, which aims to obtain strategies in increasing tofu production efficiency through efforts to save the use of materials, water, energy and improve environmental quality through efforts to minimize and utilize waste with clean production options.  The research method is green manufacturing audit method by identifying problems to analyzing feasibility opportunities from several aspects, namely technical, economic, and environmental.  The results showed several counterfeits and alternatives recommendation to MSMEs in Kalisari Village, namely: gradual washing of soybeans, re-filtration of washing residues and soaking of water, use of boilers for cooking steam systems, application of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), use of automatic filtration tools for extraction, utilization of solid waste, and liquids. If green manufacturing is implemented, the total energy consumption per kg of soybeans from MSMEs in Kalisari Village can be reduced to 15.94 MJ/kg of soybeans. The percentage of liquid waste that can be lowered ranges from 59.64-71.07%. Tofu production can increase by 5.19%, the use of firewood can be reduced by 64.42% and the savings to be obtained range from 3.7-26.8 million rupiah/month. Keywords: Audit, Green Manufacturing, Rural, SMEs, Tofu.
Pengaruh Organisasi Brazil, Rusia, India, China dan Afrika Selatan (BRICS) Dalam Kerja sama Ekonomi Global
Authors: Muhammad Wilda Nurifqi  , Flori Mardiani Lubis  , Prilla Marsingga
Published: January 2025

Pada era globalisasi ekonomi, kelompok negara BRICS (Brasil, Rusia, India, Tiongkok, dan Afrika Selatan) telah muncul sebagai kekuatan ekonomi yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh BRICS dalam kerja sama ekonomi global melalui analisis keterlibatannya terhadap perdagangan internasional, sistem keuangan internasional, dan dinamika kebijakan global. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menganalisis secara deskriptif pada data sekunder tentang perdagangan dan investasi dari periode waktu yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BRICS memiliki dampak yang substansial dalam mengubah pola perdagangan internasional, dengan peningkatan signifikan dalam pangsa pasar global mereka. Dalam konteks kebijakan global, BRICS juga memainkan peran penting dalam reformasi lembaga-lembaga keuangan internasional seperti Dana Moneter Internasional (IMF) dan Bank Dunia. Negara-negara anggota BRICS telah memperjuangkan representasi yang lebih adil dan pengaruh yang lebih besar bagi negara-negara berkembang dalam lembaga-lembaga ini. Meskipun BRICS telah memberikan kontribusi positif dalam ekonomi global, tantangan dan ketidakpastian juga muncul, seperti perbedaan dalam kebijakan ekonomi dan geopolitik antara anggotanya. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk terus memantau evolusi BRICS dan dampaknya terhadap dinamika ekonomi global, sehingga kebijakan yang tepat dapat dirumuskan untuk mengoptimalkan manfaat dan mengatasi potensi risiko yang mungkin timbul.
Diplomasi Budaya Multitrack: Peran Korean Cultural Center Indonesia Dalam Menyebarluaskan Budaya Korea di Indonesia
Authors: Budiman Nurazizah Lutfiah , Bahfiarti Tuti , Indrayanti
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya diplomasi budaya Korea Selatan di Indonesia yang dilakukan oleh Korean Cultural Center Indonesia (KCCI) melalui pendekatan multitrack diplomacy. Dalam konteks tingginya minat masyarakat Indonesia terhadap budaya Korea, KCCI memainkan peran penting sebagai instrumen diplomasi budaya dengan memanfaatkan jalur pemerintah, non-pemerintah, dan media untuk menyebarkan budaya Korea secara efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan realisme, dengan mengandalkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan partisipan aktif program KCCI, serta data sekunder berupa jurnal, artikel, dan publikasi dari KCCI. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman, meliputi tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diplomasi budaya yang dilakukan oleh KCCI melalui kolaborasi dengan lembaga pemerintah Korea, tokoh masyarakat, influencer, dan media sosial terbukti efektif dalam memperluas apresiasi masyarakat Indonesia terhadap budaya Korea. Kegiatan budaya yang melibatkan kolaborasi lintas instansi dan tokoh masyarakat telah berhasil menjangkau generasi muda Indonesia dan memperkuat hubungan budaya kedua negara. Melalui penggunaan media sosial dan program online dan offline, KCCI telah mampu beradaptasi dengan tren budaya populer, seperti K-Pop dan drama Korea, yang semakin memperluas pengaruh budaya Korea di Indonesia. Implikasi dari temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa diplomasi budaya yang terstruktur dapat memperkuat soft power Korea Selatan di Indonesia dan meningkatkan pemahaman lintas budaya di kalangan masyarakat. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi adanya keterbatasan dalam cakupan wilayah penelitian yang sebagian besar berpusat di Jakarta. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk memperluas cakupan geografis dan melakukan analisis longitudinal untuk memahami dampak jangka panjang dari diplomasi budaya ini. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi KCCI dan lembaga terkait lainnya dalam meningkatkan strategi diplomasi budaya yang efektif dan adaptif.
Peran United Nations High Commissioner For Refugees (UNHCR) Terhadap Pengungsi Afganistan di Indonesia Periode 2022
Authors: Kurnia Rahadi Yosafat
Published: January 2025

Artikel ini menganalisis peran UNHCR sebagai organisasiinternasional yang pada dasarnya menerima mandate langsung dari Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) dalammenangani masalah dan memberikan bentuk perlindunganbagi pengungsi, khususnya pengungsi Afganistan yang adadi Indonesia pada periode 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan. Kerangka yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah tingkat analisis yang digunakan oleh organisasi internasional UNHCR, teoriyang digunakan yaitu teori peran, konsep-konsep keamananmanusia, dan bermuara dari perspektif neoliberalisme. Dapat peneliti simpulkan bahwa organisasi internasionalUNHCR yang bertugas untuk memberikan perlindungan, dan menjalankan tugas dan perannya dalam memberikanperlindungan bagi pengungsi, khususnya pengungsiAfganistan yang ada di Indonesia, yang mana pada sektorperlindungan pengungsi, mereka mendapatkan akses dan fasilitas yang seharusnya mereka dapat, contohnya sektorlayanan sosial untuk pengungsi yang mengalami trauma dan kehilangan keluarga. Pengungsi dapat menyediakanprogram pencarian mata pencaharian dan ketahanan, yang dapat membantu pengungsi Afganistan yang ada di Indonesia untuk mendapatkan kebebasan.
Muutoksista lasten psyykkisten häiriöiden ekologiassa
Authors: Turunen Sakari
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksessa on tarkasteltu, mitä muutoksia Turussa on todettavissa lasten psyykkisten häiriöiden esiintymistiheydessä kaupungin eri alueilla. 
Aineiston muodostaa 400 kaupungin kasvatusneuvolassa tutkittua lasta v:lta 1945-47 ja 1964-65. Näistä 200:lla oli aggressiivisia oireita ja 200:lla neuroottisia oireita. 
Nämä potilaat muodostavat ekologisesti useita selviä tiivistymiä v. 1945-47, mutta vain yhden selvän tiivistymän v. 1964-65. 
Samanaikaisesti tiivistymien hajoamisen kanssa on tapahtunut muutos kaupungin viranomaisten asuntopolitiikassa ja yleistä heikkokuntoisen ja vanhan asutuksen saneerautumista.
Jäljelle jäänyt yksi potilastiivistymä alueella, jossa toimii useita lasten ja nuorten kerhoja varta vasten rakennetuissa suojissa, osoittaa, ettei organisoitunut nuorisotyö tavoita ikäluokkaa siinä määrin, että se lieventäisi esim. nuorten aggressiivisten oireiden esilletuloa.
Aggressiivisten ja neuroottisten oireiden jakautumisessa kaupungin eri alueille ei ole selviä eroja.
Psykiatristen sairaalapotilaiden arvioitu työkuntoisuus Pohjois-Hämeen mielisairaanhuoltopiirissä
Authors: Anttinen E.E , Eloranta K. T. , Stenij P.
Published: January 2025

Pohjois-Hämeen Mielisairaanhuoltopiirinsairaalapotilaista 1.4. 19.6,5 sairaalakohtaisesti lasketut työkuntoisuusarvioinnit osoittavat A-sairaalassa olevan 3,9 % työkuntoisia ja B sairaaloissa 11 %. Näistä oletetaan vapaille työmarkkinoille kykenevän vastaavasti 26 % ja 1 %, mikä kehottaa A-sairaaloissa kiinnittämään erityistä huomiota yhteistyöhön työnvälityksen kanssa. Suojatyötasoiseen (koti- ja suojatyö yhteensä) kyennee sekä A - että B-sairaaloiden potilaista vähintään 10, %, joten suojatyötoiminnan organisoiminen kuuluu myös B-sairaaloiden ohjelmaan. Esityksemme täydennyksenä olemme lopuksi tarkastelleet eri sairaaloiden potilasotoksien ikä- ja diagnostisia jakaantumia.
Työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle siirtyminen viljelijäväestön keskuudessa Suomessa vuosina 1979-1983
Authors: Notkola Veijo , Husman Kaj , Laukkanen Vesa
Published: January 2025

Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle siirtymistä viljelijäväestön keskuudessa vuosina 1979–1983. Tutkimusaineistoina ovat maatilarekisteri ja Kansaneläkelaitoksen eläkehistoriarekisteri. Tulokset osoittavat, että työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle siirtymisessä on selviä eroja viljelijäväestön keskuudessa. Peltopinta-alaltaan alle viiden hehtaarin tiloilla työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle siirtyminen on runsaat kaksi kertaa niin yleistä kuin yli 20 peltohehtaarin tiloilla. Tilakoon mukaiset erot eläkkeelle siirtymisessä ovat erityisen selviä tuki- ja liikuntaelinten taudeissa sekä mielenterveyden häiriöissä. Pienillä karjatiloilla työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen alkamisen riski on suurempi kuin muilla tuotantosuunnilla. Sosioekonomiset tekijät yhdessä työperäisten vaarojen kanssa selittävät erot eri tilaryhmien viljelijöiden välillä.
Vanhusten koettu terveydentila maaseudun haja-asutusalueella
Authors: Anttila Sari , Takala Jorma
Published: January 2025

Kuusamon kunnan laitoshoidon ulkopuolisista vanhuksista 1040 (90 % perusjoukosta) osallistui terveyskyselyyn ja -haastatteluihin vuonna 1978. Kysytyistä vaivoista vanhukset valittivat useimmin muistihäiriöitä (44 %), alaraajojen nivelkipuja (43 %) sekä yläraajojen nivelkipuja (38 %). Muistihäiriöitä ilmoittaneista oli 75 vuotta täyttäneitä enemmän kuin 65–74-vuotiaita, muita vaivoja oli vanhemmalla ikäryhmällä saman verran tai vähemmän kuin nuoremmalla. Vanhempi ikäryhmä ilmoitti yhtä usein tai harvemmin kuin 65–74-vuotiaat kysyttyjä lääkärin toteamia sairauksia.
Goldbergin General Health Questionnaire -kyselyllä kartoitettiin vanhusten kokemia mielenterveysoireita. Tutkituista 60 %:lla oli mahdolliseen mielenterveyden häiriöön viittaava löydös. Haja-asutusalueiden terveydenhuollon henkilökunnan tulisikin työssään ottaa huomioon myös mielenterveysoireilun yleisyys vanhusväestössä.
Taudin seurausten kansainvälinen luokitus
Authors: Vaaranen Vesa
Published: January 2025

Taudin seurausten luokitus (WHO 1980) ja sen sisältämät käsitteet täydentävät käyttöön tulevaa tautiluokituksen 9. laitosta. Ne tarjoavat erinomaisen pohjan terveydenhuollon tuloksellisemmalle arvioinnille ja sosiaalivakuutuksen kehittämiselle.