bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Post Office IT scandal – why IT audit is essential for effective corporate governance
Authors: Christie James
Published: November 2022

The Post Office Horizon scandal is possibly the most serious corporate failure in the United Kingdom in living memory, and possibly for more than a century. This is because of its disastrous consequences for hundreds (perhaps thousands) of individuals who were wrongly prosecuted by the Post Office and who lost their livelihoods, and often their homes, on the basis of incomplete and misleading evidence from its Horizon computerized accounting system. That corporate failure has given rise to the most extensive miscarriage of justice in English legal history, with an unprecedented number of wrongful convictions now in the process of being reversed.The Post Office Horizon scandal had many features and causes, but a significant contributory failure was that of corporate governance. There were many warning signs over the years, which should have been acted upon by Post Office Internal Audit and in particular, by specialist IT auditors. The evidence is clear that the Post Office failed to live up to its commitment to corporate governance, and that this failure was neither detected nor acted upon by the government, if civil servants and ministers were aware of the failure, until too late. An effective IT audit function would have contributed significantly to a prevention of the scandal.

Index words: Post Office, Horizon, Fujitsu, IT audit, internal audit, corporate governance, Three Lines of Defence, Institute of Internal Auditors, IIA, AICPA, IAASB, SSAE 16, SSAE 18, ISAE 3402, SAS 70, ISAE 3000, SOC-1, SOC-2, SOC-3, Trust Services Criteria, processing integrity, Justice for Subpostmasters Alliance, Ernst & Young
Implementing the electronic signature law in Tanzania – successes, challenges, and prospects
Authors: John Ubena
Published: November 2022

Abstract 

In a bid to implement the Electronic Transactions Act 2015, Tanzania initiated the adoption of a National Public Key infrastructure (PKI) framework. However, the plan has not been executed as expected because of certain gaps and ambiguities in the laws. This article examines the existing laws providing for the legal validity, admissibility and enforceability of electronic signatures especially using PKI; identifies the weaknesses of the existing laws and recommends new laws relevant to PKI that should be considered, and their rationale. 

Index words: Tanzania, electronic signature, PKI, cryptography, certification
Métodos aplicados a la estimación de gases de efecto invernadero en los embalses de hidroeléctricas
Authors: Pérez-Cedeño Rhonmer Orlando , Vásquez Stanescu Carmen Luisa , Torres-Samuel Maritza , Ramírez-Pisco Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

Introduction/objective: Emissions of naturally occurring greenhouse gases (GHG) have increased due to anthropogenic actions, threatening the planet with environmental imbalance. Reservoirs for storing water, which is later used to drive the turbines of hydroelectric power plants, accumulate sediments generating GHGs. This paper analyzes the methods used to estimate GHG emissions in reservoirs, classifying the scientific publications found in the ScienceDirect and Google Scholar search engines. Methodology: The analytical method uses a Boolean expression to collect information in the indicated search engines and extract the relevant literature considering factors such as water temperature, geographic location, type and surface area of the reservoir, type of gas and technology, attributing a relevance value to each characteristic to elaborate a matrix of results. Results: The results show that more than 50% are based on GHG estimates and the rest on direct measurements in the reservoirs. In addition, the contribution of artificial intelligence as an estimation technique is less than 6 %. Conclusions: Finally, the world regions where studies are conducted are proportionally distributed and the analysis of scientific literature indicates versatility in GHG estimation methods in hydropower reservoirs.
Combined use of shear-wave elastography and Doppler ultrasonography in equivocal fibroepithelial lesions of the breast diagnosed by core needle biopsy
Authors: Choi Ji Soo , Ko Eun Young , Kim Min-Ji , Ko Eun Sook , Han Boo-Kyung
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of shear-wave elastography (SWE) combined with Doppler ultrasonography (US) in selecting equivocal breast fibroepithelial lesions (FELs) for follow-up without further excision.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 88 patients with equivocal breast FELs (FELs with the possibility of both fibroadenoma [FA] and phyllodes tumor [PT]) diagnosed by core needle biopsy (CNB). For post-CNB treatment, surgical or vacuum-assisted excision was performed on 88 equivocal FELs, of which 56 were diagnosed as FAs and 32 as PTs on histopathology. Mean elasticity (Emean) and vascularity were determined using SWE and Doppler US. The diagnostic performances of B-mode US, SWE, and Doppler US were calculated to differentiate FAs and PTs in the excised equivocal FELs.Results: In the excised equivocal FELs diagnosed by CNB, FAs showed significantly lower median Emean values (36.4 vs. 66.7 kPa, P=0.005) and more frequent low vascularity (0–1 vessel flow signal) (P<0.001) than PTs. For the differentiation of FAs and PTs, the combination of Emean of >60.9 kPa and high vascularity (≥2 vessel flows) showed a sensitivity and negative predictive value of 100%, as well as better performance in other diagnostic values than B-mode US alone (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System ≥4A) (all P<0.05).Conclusion: Equivocal breast FELs showing both low elasticity and low vascularity were not upgraded to PTs upon further excision. Therefore, the combination of SWE and color Doppler US mode might help select patients with equivocal FELs for whom further excision is unnecessary.
problema no ensino de ciências
Authors: Pacheco Décio
Published: November 2022

Resumo: A partir de uma experiência pedagógica que ilustra um dos principais problemas do ensino de ciências, podemos neste artigo, confrontar duas das direções metodológicas possíveis para se assumir a organização conceitual do conteúdo, que traduz uma forte característica do ensino tradicional, ou o estudo dos fenômenos, que se abre para uma postura inovadora.
Palavras-chave: ensino de ciências; metodologia do ensino.
 
Abstract: This article is based on an educational experience that illustrates one of the main problems concerning the teaching of sciences. From this experience we can assume one of the two different methodological orientations: the conceptual content organization, that is strongly connected to traditional teaching, or the study of phenomena, that leads to an innovate posture.
Keywords: science teaching; teaching methodology.
Concepções de mundo veiculadas no ensino de história do curso ginasial em Minas: 1954 - 1964
Authors: Nunes Silma do Carmos
Published: November 2022

Resumo: Este artigo busca discutir as concepções de mundo veiculadas no ensino de História no estado de Minas Gerais no período de 1954-1964, no antigo urso Ginasial, hoje, 5ª a 8ª séries do 1° grau.
Procura mostrar também as suas relações e influências no ensino de História do referido Estado em épocas posteriores, inclusive nos dias de hoje. Pesquisa recente revelou que aquelas concepções de mundo caracterizam-se por serem tradicionais, conservadoras e liberais-burguesas, o que aqui se pretendeu investigar.
Palavras-chave: ensino de história; concepções de mundo; conservadorismo.
 
Abstract: This article has an aim of discussing the conception of the world in History teaching in the state of Minas Gerais from 1954 to 1964, at the old “Curso Ginasial” which is now “5ª, 6ª, 7ª and 8ª” of “1° grau”.
It also tries to show its relations and influences of History teaching in Minas Gerais afterwards up to nowadays. Recent researches reveled that those conceptions were characterized ad being traditional and conservative, and this was what we intended to discuss here.
Keywords: teaching history; worldviews; conservatism.
FORQUIN, Jean-Claude. Escola e cultura: as bases sociais e epistemológicas do conhecimento escolar. Trad. Guacira Lopes Louro. Porto Alegre, Artes Médicas, 1993, 208 p.
Authors: Franco Aléxia Pádua
Published: November 2022

Jean-Claude Forquin é professor da UFR de Psychologie, Sociologie et Sciences de l'Education da Universidade de Rouen, na França, e desde a década de 70, tem elaborado uma série de escritos sobre educação. Seu livro Escola e Cultura é uma versão abreviada de sua tese de doutorado de estado em Letras e Ciências Humanas, defendida em 1987, na Universidade de Ciências Humanas de Estrasburgo, cujo título é Le débat sur l 'école et la culture chez les théoriciens et sociologues de l'education en Grande-Bretagne (1960-1985).
A problemática central desta obra é discutir o que a escola deve ensinar, que cultura ela deve transmitir, quais conteúdos devem fazer parte do currículo escolar. O autor preocupa-se com estas questões porque considera que o fator essencial da crise da educação, desde os anos 60, é a crise na sua função específica de transmissão cultural - os professores não têm mais certeza do que devem ensinar para seus alunos. Por isso, ele defende que a teoria da educação, além de examinar as relações entre a escola e fatores externos a ela como o contexto econômico, político-administrativo, deve deter-se mais na análise interna desta instituição social, dos conteúdos e saberes escolares.
Breve Exame do Conceito de Tempo na Tradição Filosófica e Cultural do Ocidente até a Idade Média
Authors: Chaves-Tannus Márcio
Published: November 2022

[…] Desde sua mais remota época a filosofia do ocidente se ocupou com a problemática expressa por um par de conceitos: os conceitos da permanência e da mudança. Conceitos opostos, mas que para nós humanos, apenas são concebíveis, psicologicamente captáveis, passíveis apenas de definição por um movimento, que refere um ao outro. De fato: por um lado, aquele que afirma a permanência, suprime no mesmo ato a ideia secular de tempo, a ideia do tempo trifásico: o tempo passado, o tempo presente e o tempo futuro. Pois para o que permanece, não se altera, não há diferença entre o hoje e o amanhã, entre estes e o ontem. A permanência passa, por assim dizer, intocada pelo tempo, tem a propriedade de ignorá-lo de fato. Por outro lado, é impossível concebê-la, isolá-la como conceito, fora de um movimento, que a contrapõe aos processos da mudança. Sejam eles marcados positivamente, os de natureza evolutiva, sejam eles os da degenerescência. Também assim, a consciência da mudança: ela nasce a partir do momento em que sua negação torna-se concebível. […]
Palavras-chave: Tradição; Tradição filosófica; Idade média; Ocidente; Tempo.
Em busca dos fundamentos filosóficos da educação nova
Authors: Araújo José Carlos Souza
Published: November 2022

[…] O objetivo deste é interrogar sobre os fundamentos filosóficos da Escola Nova, movimento educacional cujas origens remontam ao fim do século XIX. A questão fundamental que se pretende examinar é a relação da Escola Nova com o racionalismo e com o empirismo, correntes filosóficas emergentes nos séculos XVII e XVIII, as quais embasam uma das mais significativas visões de mundo contemporâneas, o liberalismo. Afirma-se que o ideário escolanovista não é mais "modismo" educacional. Apesar disso, este estudo pretende contribuir para o aprofundamento do sentido da crítica ao Escolanovismo, particularmente no Brasil em nossos dias. […]
Palavras-chave: Educação nova; Fundamentos filosóficos; Racionalismo; Empirismo; Liberalismo.
Mito
Authors: Lara Tiago Adão
Published: November 2022

[…]  Não é fácil desincumbir-se da tarefa de falar ou de escrever sobre o mito. Em primeiro lugar, porque o termo mito reveste-se. hoje, de significado bem diverso daquele que ele tinha antigamente quando a única forma de teorizar sobre a realidade eram os mitos. Para os povos antigos, o mito era palavra verdadeira. Esses povos sabiam distinguir bem entre as histórias, às quais atribuíam valor de explicação, sobre a origem do universo, da vida, dos grupos humanos, das instituições... e as outras histórias, com valor puramente ficcional. Esses povos não dispunham ainda de teorias elaboradas, com o rigor da lógica filosófica e, muito menos, de teorias científicas, convalidadas pelos testes experimentais. A fantasia predominava, nas explicações, com as quais tentavam elucidar os fenómenos da natureza e as situações existenciais. Em linguagem de hoje, podemos dizer que, para os antigos, mitos não eram fábulas. Os mitos são verdadeiros, as fábulas são puras ficções. […]
Palavras-chave: Mito; Linguagem; Lógica filosófica.
Educar: Para Quê?
Authors: Fleuri Reinaldo Matias
Published: November 2022

Esse texto emergiu em um momento do processo pedagógico que se realizou numa turma de Pedagogia, na disciplina de Didática I na UNIMEP, durante o primeiro semestre de 1984. A proposta apresentada no início do curso pelo professor, foi a que o grupo-classe fosse o sujeito das decisões quanto ao planejamento, desenvolvimento e avaliação das atividades dessa disciplina. [...]
Palavras-chave: Alunos; Educação; Opressão; Modelo autoritário; Liberal.
Dinámica de contaminación de pasturas con huevos de nematodos gastrointestinales de bovinos en el Valle de Lerma, Salta
Authors: Olmos Leandro H. , Lloberas María M. , Moreno Ramiro D. , Aguirre Daniel H. , Suárez Víctor H.
Published: November 2022

El Valle de Lerma (VDL) es una región ubicada en la parte central de la provincia de Salta, República Argentina, la cual da origen a la mayor parte de la producción láctea provincial. La nematodiasis gastrointestinal es uno de los problemas sanitarios de mayor impacto económico en los sistemas productivos de base pastoril. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la variación estacional de la eliminación de huevos y géneros de nematodos al medio ambiente. Mensualmente se tomaron muestras de materia fecal en bovinos de recría para conteo de huevos por gramo (HPG) y coprocultivo para determinación de géneros en tres establecimientos ganaderos de la región. En todos ellos se observaron dos picos en los valores medios de HPG, que ocurrieron entre principios de verano y fines de otoño. Los géneros/especies más prevalentes fueron Cooperia pectinata, Haemonchus spp. y Cooperia punctata, seguidos por Oesophagostomum spp., Trichostrongylus spp. y Ostertagia spp. Estos resultados aportan nueva evidencia al conocimiento de la epidemiología de los nematodos gastrointestinales de los bovinos en la región del VDL.
Primer registro de nematodos zoonóticos de transmisión alimentaria (Nematoda: Anisakidae) en músculo de Cynoscion guatucupa (pescadilla de calada) y Macrodon ancylodon (pescadilla de red) comercializado en Uruguay
Authors: Crosi Martínez Gonzalo , García Federico , Viera Gerardo , Correa Ivette , Martínez Valentina , Pizzorno Pablo , Vidal Gustavo , Galli Carina , Trujillo Lucía , Díaz Santiago , Friss de Kereki Cristina , Dragonetti José Pedro , Armúa Fernández María Teresa
Published: November 2022

En los últimos 4 años, Uruguay ha experimentado una creciente demanda por el consumo de alimentos a base de pescado crudo, tales como sushi, sashimi y ceviche. Este escenario generó la necesidad de evaluar la presencia y concentración de parásitos zoonóticos (Nematoda: Anisakidae) en porciones comestibles de especies de pescado comercializadas en el mercado local. Se analizaron 233 ejemplares de tres especies de pescado comercializadas en Uruguay: Macrodon ancylodon, Micropogonias furnieri y Cynoscion guatucupa. Se cuantificaron e identificaron, a nivel de género, nematodos en cavidad celómica y músculo, estableciendo finalmente los descriptores ecológicos para cada género encontrado y para cada especie de pescado evaluada. Dos de las especies evaluadas se encontraban parasitadas a nivel de cavidad celómica y tejido muscular, M. ancylodon y C. guatucupa. Cynoscion guatucupa resultó la especie mayormente parasitada con una prevalencia de 46%, mientras que el género de anisákido más prevalente fue Contracaecum (prevalencia de 35,1% en C. guatucupa y 32,4% en M. ancylodon). El hallazgo de anisákidos en la especie M. ancylodon representa un nuevo registro de hospedador en Uruguay. Por otra parte, se reporta por primera vez en el país la presencia de estos parásitos zoonóticos en porciones comestibles (músculo).
Rendimiento académico de los estudiantes según las modalidades de enseñanza de Facultad de Veterinaria, Uruguay
Authors: Martínez Silvia , Passarini José , Borlido Claudia
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la relación y el comportamiento entre el rendimiento que obtienen los estudiantes al final de los cursos y las modalidades de enseñanza que aplican los docentes, teniendo en cuenta que el rendimiento es considerado principal indicador de resultado del aprendizaje y referencia para evaluar la calidad de enseñanza y los logros académicos y por ser las modalidades de enseñanza un factor interno que puede incidir en el aprendizaje. Se colectaron los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes al finalizar los cursos de 1° a 4° año y las modalidades de enseñanza más utilizadas por los docentes. Se determinó la relación que existe entre ambas variables y cómo estas se comportan en los diferentes años. Los resultados indicaron que hay una correlación de dependencia entre el rendimiento y las modalidades de enseñanza. Los estudiantes obtienen mejores rendimientos con las modalidades teóricas, las cuales predominan en casi todos los cursos y a medida que avanzan en la carrera.
El intento de copamiento de La Tablada (1989): problemas teórico-metodológicos y nuevos abordajes
Authors: Pontelli Lorena Maribel
Published: November 2022

Teniendo en cuenta las recientes investigaciones sobre el intento de copamiento de La Tablada (23 y 24 de enero de 1989, La Matanza, Buenos Aires), el trabajo se propone relevar el estado del arte, haciendo hincapié en los problemas teórico-metodológicos que surgen en el abordaje del acontecimiento. En la primera parte del escrito se problematizará la representación de La Tablada como un hecho “setentista” y no transicional. En la segunda parte, se explorarán dos dimensiones de análisis de la violencia de Estado en La Tablada: la legitimidad y la legalidad y el “régimen de visibilidad” como condición de legibilidad del acontecimiento.
“Ay, Guatemala, vamos a caminar, yo te acompaño”. Entrevista a Gustavo Meoño
Authors: Ramos Hugo , Tell María Gracia , Vicentin Enzo
Published: November 2022

La presente entrevista intenta reponer la memoria de la experiencia como militante de Gustavo Meoño a través de sus sentidos, sentires y reflexiones sobre el pasado reciente de Guatemala, un país atravesado por la represión y la violencia política. Gustavo nació en 1949 en la ciudad de Guatemala, fue integrante de un grupo de reflexión y acción social orientado a las comunidades indígenas de origen católico denominado CRÁTER, hasta su disolución a finales de los 60. La mayoría de los integrantes de CRÁTER confluiría con otros militantes en la fundación del Ejército Guerrillero del Pueblo entre los años 1972/74, una de las principales organizaciones político-militares del país. A continuación se despliegan algunos tramos de la memoria de un itinerario de resistencia y lucha política construido a través de un diálogo e interpelación del pasado desde el presente.
Configuración textual del topos cuevas en las literaturas apócrifa, bíblica y rabínica. El caso del libro de Janój (Henoc)
Authors: Efron Andrés Julio
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo propone una ruta de lectura que presenta al topos “cueva” como una construcción textual y simbólica, arraigada a diversas fuentes religiosas, místicas y literarias. La cueva en estas fuentes se configura como un espacio iniciático, como umbral y como pasaje que produce una transformación epistémica en quienes la transitan. En este sentido, el propósito de este trabajo será indagar de qué maneras se construye el topos cuevas en diversas fuentes textuales a partir de un recorrido más amplio que buscará comprender las nociones de espacio- santidad- espacio sagrado- textos en la antigüedad, en particular de la antigüedad del Pueblo de Israel. Para ello, se realizará un recorrido textual por diversas fuentes bíblicas canónicas, por textos bíblicos apócrifos, como los manuscritos de Janój (Henoc), por escritos que pertenecen a la tradición rabínica oral (Talmud, Midrash y Agadah), entre otros. Lo oculto, lo revelado, lo sagrado, lo profano, la luz, la oscuridad, la verdad, la mentira, la maldad y la justicia, la transmisión y la cultura son algunas de las categorías que serán abordadas en el presente texto.
Characteristics and karyotype analysis of a patient with turner syndrome complicated with multiple-site tumors: A case report
Authors: Yang Li , Yang Yu , Qin Yao , Feng Ya-Qin , Xie Li-Ling , Zhang Dong-Guang
Published: November 2022

Turner syndrome (TS) is a congenital chromosomal abnormality that affects approximately 1 in 2,500 people. Both in China and abroad, few studies exist on the incidence of tumors in patients with TS. Most reported cases are complicated with gonadal germ cell tumors, and extragonadal tumors are rare, with the latter not yet being reported in China. Through chromosome karyotype analysis and surgical exploration, a pediatric patent was diagnosed with TS complicated with gonadoblastoma and adrenal neuroblastoma. The patient was short in stature and had a facial deformity. After admission, adrenal computed tomography was conducted, and a right adrenal mass was identified as a neurogenic tumor. After surgical resection and gonadal exploration, the pathological results revealed left gonadoblastoma, right gonadal stromal cell hyperplasia, and ganglion neuroblastoma (mixed type) in the right adrenal gland. Pediatric patients with TS have an increased likelihood of developing neuroblastoma and adrenal-related tumors, and changes in adrenal hormone levels and clinical manifestations are often not obvious when combined with adrenal-related tumors. To avoid missed diagnosis and delayed treatment, screening for adrenal tumors is therefore recommended for patients with TS before the initiation of growth hormone treatment.
Testing and Evaluating the High-Temperature Rutting Development of Steel Deck Asphalt Pavement Using Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Testing
Authors: Shi Jiachen , Cong Lin
Published: November 2022

Steel deck asphalt pavement (SDAP) significantly differs from traditional pavement in terms of substructure and service environment, so its rutting development is unique. Indoor tests and the finite element method cannot competently simulate service environment and accurately show the rutting development of SDAP. In this study, the rutting development of SDAP was evaluated using full-scale accelerated pavement testing (APT). First, a steel bridge with two different pavement structures was constructed and a heating system was installed to keep the high temperature. Second, three indoor tests—dynamic stability (DS), hardness number (HN), and indentation—were conducted to quantify the rutting resistance of pavement materials, and the Mobile Load Simulator 66 executed the APT. The indoor results showed that DS and HN correlated well with the APT rut depth. With the increase of APT loading cycles, the rutting depth, the ratio of sag area to uplift area, and the ratio of sag area to full areas were increased. Meanwhile, the rutting depth changing speed and the ratio of uplift area to full areas declined with the loading. A rutting depth prediction model (RPM) was proposed based on the number of loading cycles and the initial rutting depth at 5,000 loading cycles. The RPM applied well to the previous study’s test data, indicating that rut development can be evaluated by its early status.
Pituitary-testis axis dysfunction following adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy
Authors: Abildgaard Julie , Vincent Stroomberg Hein , Kirstine Bang A , Albrethsen Jakob , Smedegaard Kruuse Laura , Juul Anders , Brasso Klaus , Røder Andreas , Jørgensen Niels
Published: November 2022

Men with high-risk, non-metastatic prostate cancer receive adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for at least 2 years according to Danish guidelines. It remains unclarified if patients regain the function of the pituitary–testis axis after cessation of ADT. Thus, we aimed to investigate the function of the pituitary–testis axis following adjuvant ADT. In this study, we included men who underwent external beam radiation therapy and ADT for high-risk prostate cancer. All patients underwent assessment of testosterone deficiency (TD) symptoms, full biochemical assessment of the pituitary–testis axis, and dynamic stimulatory tests of gonadotropin (gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) test) and testosterone production (human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) test). Patients were diagnosed with TD based on a combination of TD symptoms and testosterone below age-specific reference ranges. TD was characterized as primary, secondary, or mixed based on serum gonadotropins and stimulatory tests. We found that among the 51 patients included in the study, the median time on ADT was 3.2 years and median time since ADT cessation was 3.8 years. Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed with TD; 10 had primary TD (testicular dysfunction), 11 secondary TD (pituitary dysfunction), and 7 mixed TD (combined pituitary and testicular dysfunction). An inadequate testosterone response to hCG stimulation was shown in 42 patients, whereas only 11 patients had a subnormal gonadotropin response to GnRH. We conclude that persistent TD is a common long-term consequence of adjuvant ADT in prostate cancer survivors, equally distributed between pituitary and testicular dysfunction. The study emphasizes the necessity for systematic follow-up of full pituitary–testis axis function in patients receiving adjuvant ADT.
Intraventricular meningiomas and their troubling surgical approach: a case report
Authors: Drapkin Allan J
Published: November 2022

Intraventricular meningiomas require a cautious surgical preoperative planning in an attempt to avoid unwanted postoperative neurological déficits. Despite that better surgical approaches exist, the posterior parietal transcortical approach to intraventricular trigonal lesions, with its unavoidable damage to the posterior parietal white matter pathways, is still popular in clinical practice, at times,like in the following case report, without any electrophysiological support.
A New Species, New Synonymy, and Additional Records of Gyrophaena (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from the Palaearctic Region
Authors: Glotov S. V.
Published: November 2022

Gyrophaena anastasiarum Glotov, sp. n. is described from Primorskiy Kray (Russian Far East). New synonymy is proposed: Gyrophaena triquetra Weise, 1877 = Gyrophaena fl ammula Pace, 2007 syn. n. Lectotypes are designated for Gyrophaena hanseni A. Strand, 1946, G. korbi A. Strand, 1939, G. munsteri A. Strand, 1935, G. pseudonana A. Strand, 1939, G. semipunctata Bernhauer, 1926, and G. transversalis A. Strand, 1939. Gyrophaena kaunshanchiensis Pace, 2007 is recorded from Russia (Primorskiy Kray) for the first time.
To Registrations of Bottom Macroinvertebrates, Fish, Amphibians and Reptiles of the upper Tskhenistskali River Basin (Georgia, Lower Svanetia)
Authors: Marushchak O. , Afanasyev S. , Lietytska O. , Golub O.
Published: November 2022

This paper contains information on the records of bottom macroinvertebrates, fish, amphibians and reptiles collected during a fi eld expedition to the valley of the river Tskhenistskali (in the vicinities of town of Lentekhi and village of Sasashi) in April 2018. According to the results of the study, three fish species (Actinopterigii) of three families (Salmonidae, Cyprinidae and Nemacheilidae) inhabits three studied rivers (Kheledula, Devashi and Tskhenistskali Rivers). Seven species of reptiles (Squamata: Anguidae — 1, Colubridae — 1, Viperidae — 1, Lacertidae — 4), and five species of amphibians (Anura: Hylidae — 1, Bufonidae — 1, Ranidae – 2; Caudata: Salamandridae — 1) were registered within the investigated area. Around Lentekhi town three species of the genus Darevskia Arribas, 1999, namely Darevskia rudis svanetica (Darevsky & Eiselt, 1980), Darevskia brauneri brauneri (Mehely, 1909) and Darevskia derjugini abchasica (Bischoff , 1982) were found to live almost sympatrically, with only river serving as a natural barrier between the species. The paper also contains descriptions of habitats characteristic of the region for the species found and the results of route surveys with D. d. abchasica and P. ridibundus being the most numerous species of herpetofauna (sensu lato) — up to 35 and 20 individuals per 100 m of route. In order to illustrate the feeding base of the registered vertebrates, the study of species composition (n = 114) of bottom macroinvertebrates, that form the main component of food source for them. The recorded invertebrates belong to 16 taxonomic groups of the higher rank (up to 98.1 % of all benthic invertebrates appeared to be insects, including Ephemeroptera — 51 %, Plecoptera — 17.4 % Сhironomidae — 14.2 %, Trichoptera — 11.5 %, Diptera — 3 %). Other groups, namely Turbellaria, Nematoda, Oligochaeta, Araneida, Acarina, Collembola, Heteroptera, Coleoptera, in total form a little less than 3 % of all recorded species. Registrations of fauna from mountain regions will help to update actual maps of natural ranges of the species within the country and tend to be a valuable addition to the data that can be potentially used in GIS-modelling of species’ distribution according to predicted climate changes.
Omphalitis Hospitalizations at a US Children’s Hospital
Authors: Hester Gabrielle , King Erin , Nickel Amanda , Smedshammer Steven , Wageman Katherine
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVES

To describe demographics, presentation, resource use, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with omphalitis.

METHODS

This was a retrospective descriptive study of infants with omphalitis at a children’s hospital system between January 2006 and December 2020. Presentation, resource use, and outcomes (omphalitis complications [eg, necrotizing fasciitis], 30-day related cause revisit, and death) were described.

RESULTS

Ninety-one patients had a primary or secondary International Classification of Diseases, Ninth or 10th Revision, code for omphalitis. Seventy-eight patients were included in analysis (47 with omphalitis as primary reason for admission). Patients with omphalitis as the primary reason for admission presented with rash (44 of 47, 93.6%), fussiness/irritability (19 of 47, 40.4%), and fever (6 of 47, 12.8%). C-reactive protein was minimally elevated, with a median of 0.4 mg/dL (interquartile range 0.29–0.85).

Among all patients, blood cultures were positive in 3 (3 of 78, 3.8%) and most had positive wound cultures (70 of 78, 89.7%), with primarily gram-positive organisms. Median duration of intravenous antibiotics was 5 days (interquartile range 3–7). No patients had complications of omphalitis or death. Five patients (5 of 78, 6.4%) had a 30-day revisit for a related cause.

CONCLUSIONS

We found variation in presentation and management of patients with omphalitis at our tertiary children’s hospital system. Wound cultures, but not blood tests, were helpful in guiding management in the majority of cases. There were no complications of omphalitis or deaths.
The influence of incorporating leachate on anaerobic biodegradability of domestic sewage
Authors: Barba Luz Edith , Torres Patricia , Rodríguez Victoria Jenny Alexandra , Marmolejo Luís Fernando , Pizarro Carlos Alexander
Published: November 2022

Treating leachate is one of the most important challenges in designing and operating a sanitary landfill. Anaerobic treatment u-sing a mixture of leachate and domestic sewage represents a suitable treatment option having good potential applicability in developing countries. The influence of adding leachate from a domestic sanitary landfill on the anaerobic biodegradability of domestic sewage has been evaluated in this paper. Five samples were evaluated for the study: 100% domestic sewage (DS), 100% leachate (L) and three leachate mixtures (L) with domestic sewage (DS) as follows: 10%(L):90%(DS), 20%(L):80%(DS) and 30%(L):70%(DS). The samples anaerobic biodegradability was monitored for 30 days using methane production accumulation and variation in volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and composition. A detailed analysis of chemical oxygen demand (COD) composition was performed at the end of the monitoring period. The results of the study showed that a 10%(L):90%(DS) mixture provided the maximum leachate (L) domestic sewage (DS) combination mixture which could be anaerobically biodegradable with no significantly inhibitory effects. Mixtures using a higher percentage of leachate showed significantly potential inhibition effects on the anaerobic biodegradation of domestic sewage.
Using case-based reasoning for generating functional test procedures
Authors: Delgado Dapena Martha Dunia , López Trujillo Yucely , Chávez Valiente Indira
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a proposal for storage structure and retrieval mechanisms used for implementing case-based reasoning (CBR) in generating functional test procedures in software projects. This proposal was based on software project functional requirements and sets out the proposed algorithms for considering the similarity between each pair of projects as well as those leading to adapting the solution found in the case base.
Priority investment irrigation methodology in depressed rural areas
Authors: Díaz Ortiz Jaime E. , Ramírez Carlos Alfredo
Published: November 2022

The infrastructure for small irrigation systems demands costly investment which may become increased as many social and technical aspects related to the concerns of regions susceptible to investment remain unknown. The lack of both information and a social network supporting planning and design tasks constitute factors affecting many irrigation projects, consigning them to failure. Some indicators were prepared for constructing an irrigation system in the north of the Cauca department in Colombia which, in turn, led to determining investment priorities and facilitated decision-making. The indicators guaranteed that the construction would benefit the greatest number of users, assuring wider irrigation coverage. The project lasted forty-two months; the basic irrigation system was designed and constructed during this time, alternating direct reception via surface water sources and digging wells to use groundwater. Investment costs were lower than estimated FAO reference ones.
Operators for reclassification queries in a temporal multidimensional model
Authors: Moreno Francisco , Arango Fernando
Published: November 2022

Data warehouse dimensions are usually considered to be static because their schema and data tend not to change; however, both dimension schema and dimension data can change. This paper focuses on a type of dimension data change called reclassification which occurs when a member of a certain level becomes a member of a higher level in the same dimension, e.g. when a product changes category (it is reclassified). This type of change gives rise to the notion of classification period and to a type of query that can be useful for decision-support. For example, What were total chess-set sales during first classification period in Toy category? A set of operators has been proposed to facilitate formulating this type of query and it is shown how to incorporate them in SQL, a familiar database developer language. Our operators' expressivity is also shown because formulating such queries without using these operators usually leads to complex and nonintuitive solutions.
OneWeb: web content adaptation platform based on W3C Mobile Web Initiative guidelines
Authors: Martínez P. Francisco O. , Uribe G. Gustavo A. , Mosquera P. Fabián L.
Published: November 2022

Restrictions regarding navigability and user-friendliness are the main challenges the Mobile Web faces to be accepted worldwide. W3C has recently developed the Mobile Web Initiative (MWI), a set of directives for the suitable design and presentation of mobile Web interfaces. This article presents the main features and functional modules of OneWeb, an MWI-based Web content adaptation platform developed by Mobile Devices Applications Development Interest Group’s (W@PColombia) research activities, forming part of the Universidad de Cauca’s Telematics Engineering Group. Some performance measurement results and comparison with other Web content adaptation platforms are presented. Tests have shown suitable response times for Mobile Web environments; MWI guidelines were applied to over twenty Web pages selected for testing purposes.
Formulating a design for a screw-type shear connector in a composite section
Authors: Molina Herrera Maritzabel , Hurtado Amézquita Xavier Fernando
Published: November 2022

Screws-type shear connectors have been most used in Colombia during the last decade; however, an expression for their design in composite sections has only recently been presented (NSR10, paragraph F.2.9.8.2.2). This paper outlines shear design formulation development for screw connectors, analysing the influence of different composite section behaviour parameters. This research studied 18 composite section models using two 42MPa concrete slabs having different arrangements of 1/2", 5/8" or 3/4" diameter 1, 2 or 3 screw shear connectors and 0.08m, 0.12m or 0.14m spacing between connectors. Three specimens were tested by push-out for each model. The laboratory results using the methodology proposed by Ollgaard revealed connector diameter and spacing influence on the model’s behaviour. A design formulation for screws in composite sections is presented.
The role of capability in Technology valuation
Authors: Jiménez Claudia Nelcy , Cristancho Andrés Darío , Castellanos Oscar Fernando
Published: November 2022

Technology valuation has traditionally been approached from an economics-based financial approach applied to project management. However, some authors have detected flaws in such approach, proposing that techniques should be included allowing technology' s qualitative and intangible aspects to be taken into account. Considering a broader definition of technology covering production systems' technological capability, this article was aimed at analysing such capability as part of technology valuation, emphasising technological resources' intangible aspects and their exploitation. The tendencies and some of the tools which have been developed for such valuation are shown, identifying the challenges involved in assessing technological capability within the context of developing countries where the creation of such capability must be promoted, implying a strategic vision of technological development.
Lifting Diffeomorphisms to Vector Bundles
Authors: Masqué Jaime Muñoz , Rosado María María Eugenia , Rodríguez Ignacio Sánchez
Published: November 2022

Criteria for a diffeomorphism of a smooth manifold M to be lifted to a linear automorphism of a given real vector bundle p : V → M, are stated. Examples are included and the metric and complex vector-bundle cases are also considered.
Debt Relief and Economic Development in Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Ayoola Adebukola Olubunmi , Segun-Olufemi Holiness Oluwafayofunmi C
Published: November 2022

Nigeria had about 60% (US$ 18 billion) of its external debt written off by its external creditors in 2005, and this was popularly celebrated in the official quarter as a dividend of democracy. In less than two decades, the country has contracted more loans by successive administrations with the current regime’s call for another debt relief in the outbreak of COVID-19. This paper critically reviewed the processes leading to the reserve and its effect on the socioeconomic well-being of the people from 2006 to 2019. The study relied on secondary data sources, which were analyzed using the content analytical method. Findings revealed that creditors gave debt relief but not necessarily with good intentions. The debtor countries also failed to maximize the benefits as it further fueled the fiscal irresponsibility of a political class, in turn, incurred more debt shortly after a relief at the expense of the people with a huge infrastructural deficit, high rate of unemployment, high poverty rate, low purchasing power, and more negativities. The study concluded that criteria for debt relief should be reviewed with stricter measures to ensure a positive impact on both the economy and the people and prevent a re-occurrence of the vicious debt circle.
Distribution of Micro Business Productive Assistance Program (BPUM) for MSMEs Affected by Covid-19 in Nagri Kidul Village
Authors: Maharani Susmita , Thoriq Arief Mulyawan , Hasanah Hana Uswatun
Published: November 2022

Seeing the sluggish condition of the MSME economy, several programs were introduced by the government, one of which was the Productive Assistance for Micro Enterprises (BPUM). This policy is contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives, Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia number 6 of 2020 concerning BPUM and BPUM Implementation Guidelines number 98 of 2020. The distribution of the BPUM program is an activity carried out to assist micro business actors affected by COVID-19. This study aims to determine the distribution of the BPUM program in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic in Nagrikidul Village, Purwakarta District, Purwakarta Regency. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach that aims to reveal the distribution of the BPUM program. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Distribution of the BPUM Program In the distribution of the BPUM Program to recipients in Nagrikidul Village by all relevant agencies, where the list of recipients is determined by the Central Government. 2) Socio-Economic Impact The government issues a policy of limiting activities such as PSBB to PPKM level, which directly impacts the community's economy. So that it affects daily life, especially household income. Factors that affect the absence of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), Inaccurate data, and Limited authority.
Tiempos revueltos, ¿tiempos de pactos?
Authors: Álvarez José-Luis
Published: November 2022

Las últimas previsiones de crecimiento para el 2022 de la economía española se acaban de revisar a la baja. Es un dato preocupante, que se une al nuevo retraso de la posible fecha de recuperación del nivel de producción anterior a la crisis y a la alteración del escenario internacional por la invasión de Ucrania.
El debate medioambiental cincuenta años después de «Los límites del crecimiento»
Authors: Navas Alejandro
Published: November 2022

El club de Roma surgió con el propósito de mejorar el futuro del mundo a largo plazo de manera interdisciplinar y holística. En Los límites del crecimiento planteaban la tesis de que el planeta dispone de unos recursos limitados y que se ponen en riesgo por el crecimiento de la población, el crecimiento económico y el incremento de la huella ecológica. Cincuenta años después de su publicación el balance global no invita al optimismo.
Association of ACE gene polymorphisms with cardiovascular events in patients after elective percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Nalesnik E. O. , Muslimova E. F. , Afanasiev S. A. , Repin A. N.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To reveal the association of the INS/DEL polymorphism of the angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) gene with acute and long-term complications of elective percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Material and methods. This prospective study included 286 patients with chronic coronary artery disease who underwent elective endovascular myocardial revascularization in accordance with current guidelines. The ACE gene INS/DEL (I/D) polymorphism was determined in patients using polymerase chain reaction. Acute periprocedural complications were recorded. Acute myocardial injury (AMI) was detected in 30,4% of patients. Type 4a acute myocardial infarction developed in 3,1% of patients. A significant decrease in the glomerular filtration rate by more than 30% due to periprocedural acute kidney injury (AKI) was diagnosed in 6,5% of patients. Outcomes of elective PCIs were assessed after 4 years via telephone interviews. Cardiovascular and any-cause mortality was 3,6% and 5,1%, respectively. Acute coronary syndrome during the follow-up period developed in 15,2%, while cerebrovascular accident — in 5,4% of patients. Any-stent thrombosis was detected in 10%, and restenosis ≥30% — in 21,8% of patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using the STATISTICA 10. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval.

Results. Analysis of the association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with acute and long-term complications of the PCI revealed that the presence of I allele is associated with the risk of periprocedural AKI (p=0,017; OR, 2,627 (1,161- 5,947)), as well as long-term cardiovascular events, vascular complications such as acute coronary syndrome (p=0,045; OR, 1,610 (1,007-2,573)) and stent thrombosis (p=0,01; OR, 2,073 (1,178-3,650)). The presence of genotype II further increases the risk of AKI (p=0,029; OR, 5,138 (1,022-25,824)), any acute clinical complications of PCI (p=0,041; OR, 1,996 (1,024-3,980)), and stent thrombosis (p=0,018, OR, 3,498 (1,178-10,392)).

Conclusion. In patients with chronic coronary artery disease, the carriage of allele I and genotype II of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism is associated with the risk of acute clinical complications of elective PCI, periprocedural AKI, as well as the risk of stent thrombosis and acute coronary syndrome within 4-year follow-up period after PCI.
Polymorphism of inflammatory system genes in the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Sinitskaya A. V. , Khutornaya M. V. , Sinitsky M. Yu. , Khryachkova O. N. , Asanov M. A. , Ponasenko A. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To assess the contribution of polymorphic variants of inflammatory response genes to the predisposition to rheumatic heart disease.

Material and methods. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed the prevalence of 18 polymorphic variants of 8 genes involved in the inflammatory process in 251 patients with rheumatic heart disease and 300 healthy donors.

Results. We found that homozygous TT genotypes of rs1800871 (IL10) (p=0,02) and TT rs1800872 (IL10) polymorphisms (p=0,027), as well as TT genotypes of CRP gene (rs1205) (p=0,015) and GG genotypes of rs375947 (IL12RB) (p=0,037) are "risky" and associated with the development of rheumatic heart disease.

Conclusion. Associations of polymorphic variants rs1800871 and rs1800872 of the IL10 gene, rs1205 of the CRP gene, and rs375947 of the IL12RB gene can be an important link in the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease and can later be used as biological markers for a personalized assessment of the disease risk.