bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Model Numbered Heads Together Secara Daring dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Nilai Pancasila dan Pembentukan Karakter Disiplin
Authors: Huninhatu Absalom Frets , Pudjiastuti Sri Rahayu , Sutisna Mohamad
Published: April 2021

Model mengajar dapat dipahami sebagai kerangka konseptual yang mendeskripsikan dan melukiskan prosedur yang sistematik dalam mengorganisasikan pengalaman belajar dan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan belajar tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data empiris dengan penggunaan model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) secara daring. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D). Subyek penelitian  adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Ignatius Slamet Riyadi Jakarta yang terdiri dari 28 peserta didik sebagai informan, dan sebagai kay informan adalah guru bidang study PPKn. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober  2020. Hasil penelitian  menunjukan bahwa model NHT secara daring efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan membentuk karakter peserta didik SMP Ignatius Slamet Riyadi, keberhasilan tindakan ditandai dengan 75% dari jumlah siswa yang mengikuti proses pembelajaran telah memperoleh nilai 73. Hal ini terbukti dari rata-rata nilai kelas pada pretes=62; pada ujicoba produk I=54; ujicoba produk II=73; dan ujicoba produk III=88. Dengan prosentase ketuntasan dari pretes peserta didik=7,14% meningkat menjadi 14,2% pada ujicoba produk I, kemudian pada ujicoba produk II=46,4% meningkat lagi menjadi 100% pada ujicoba produk III. dan dikategorikan tuntas atau tercapai dengan KBM sebesar 73.
Nanotechnology for Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis: Current Design and Approaches
Authors: Maslizan Mardhiah , Mat Azmi Intan Diana , Mohamad Jaafar Adila , Haris Muhammad Salahuddin
Published: April 2021

Atherosclerosis complications such as myocardial infarction or stroke is still one of the most critical causes of death worldwide. Advance and innovative diagnostic technologies are urgently required to discover an early stage of the disease, such as plaque instability and thrombosis. A combination of molecular imaging probes based on well-designed nanomaterials with leading-edge imaging methods is currently concreting the direction for novel and distinctive approaches to examine the inflammatory growth in atherosclerosis. Over the past several decades, an exceptional understanding of the biological nature of atherosclerosis provides unique opportunities to better treat atherosclerotic disease with targeted imaging and nanomedicines. Consequently, tremendous development has been initiated in the nanotechnology application; the leading engineering tools working at molecular range, which is designed for diagnostic and therapeutic approach, called theranostic. This review underlying ideas involving the potential and development of molecular imaging technologies that had been invented for studying atherosclerosis. We envisage that many molecular imaging methods will become valuable assistants to the clinical management of targeted treatment in the atherosclerosis disease together with their challenges and future perspective in clinical translation.
Energy Profiling for Residential College Buildings
Authors: Mohammed Usman Abdullahi , Mohammed Akmal Nizam , Mohideen Mohd Faizal , Mohd Ali Mas Fawzi , Abdullah Kamil , Taweekun Juntakan
Published: April 2021

The present study aims to provide insight on energy profiling of a residential college in public university. The study involves electrical energy monitoring for six months from the month of March until August 2017. The data utilized to derive the average monthly consumption for both semester period and semester break. The consumption during semester break has been recorded to increase as much as 88% from the consumption during the semester break. The building energy index of the residential college has been recorded to be at 22.90 kWh/m2/year meanwhile the energy intensity was recorded to be at 1,932.08 kWh/occupant/year.
Аналитический метод расчёта и оптимизации параметров измерительных узлов автоматизированных систем контроля
Authors: Вилесов А. В. , Гуревич Е. И. , Ивченко В. Д.
Published: April 2021

Рассматриваются методы контроля и схемотехнические решения устройств для измерения электрических параметров в области малых токов и напряжений, применяемых в автоматизированных системах контроля систем управления. Предлагается аналитический метод оптимизации параметров измерительных узлов на базе теории чувствительности. Приводится сравнение полученных результатов с графическим методом.
Повышение точности наведения зенитных управляемых ракет на участке самонаведения
Authors: Джеванширов П.  Ф. , Молоканов К. В.
Published: April 2021

Предложен закон управления ракетой на этапе самонаведения, использующий информацию об ускорении цели. Получены результаты моделирования процессов наведения ракеты на цель, подтверждающие преимущество предложенного закона управления.
Application FloEFD computer system to calculate the aerodynamics of aircraft with gas-jet controls
Authors: Gurov L. V. , Dumnov G. E. , Ivanov A. V.
Published: April 2021

Numerical modelling of supersonic flow around aircraft models with gas-jet control authority exercising single jet blowing from the side surface. To solve this problem, including the construction of the estimated grid and numerical integration of the equations of gas dynamics, computer system used FloEFD. Based on comparison of computer simulations with experimental data on the aerodynamic characteristics of the requirements to the estimated grid to adequately predict the efficiency of the gas jet controls
Application of supercomputer technologies for solving allocation of space objects in a digital image
Authors: Konovalchik A. P.
Published: April 2021

The necessity of using supercomputers in the implementation of labor-intensive computational algorithms in the data processing systems of aerospace defence. For example, the algorithm selection in the optical digital image of cosmic objects show the feasibility of supercomputer technologies.
Stages of development of automated control systems for aircraft and air defence
Authors: Bezel Y. V.
Published: April 2021

A brief overview of the work performed at the Research Institute 5 (MNIIP) in the 1923-2010 biennium. to establish and improve radar, communication and automation devices, automated control systems of real time.
Reverse monopulse Doppler direction finder with the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Authors: Grigoryan D. S. , Barsukov S. N. , Shmonov S. V.
Published: April 2021

The principle of construction of the digital reverse sum-difference monopulse Doppler direction finder with the orthogonal frequency division sum and difference channels. It is shown that this principle of construction in receive mode to compensate for interference from the direction of the principal maximum pattern without distortion of information about angular mismatch targets laid down in the probing signal by the simultaneous emission of the sum and difference channels. The dependence of the phase error measurement of angular misalignments on the difference between the sum and difference frequencies of channels.
Functioning and development of defence industrial complex in the conditions of modern challenges
Authors: Novikov Y. V.
Published: April 2021

We give a brief analysis of the results of the development of the domestic defense industry in recent years in its relation to communities of issues and problems of development of Russian industry in general and mechanical engineering segment in particular. The necessity of the transition from the maintenance of the reduced level of industrial and technological base to implement the model of modernization of high-tech sectors of the engineering sphere, built on the targets and the development of mutual guarantee system for each participant.
Creep of materials in special structures
Authors: Goryushkin D. S. , Zuev Yu. S. , Stakheev A. V.
Published: April 2021

The study proposes a technique for calculating characteristics of knowledge-intensive devices subjected to static mechanical loads at room temperature. Numerical computations carried out for inert material samples provide preliminary estimations of buckling and creep strain levels in structures. A possibility of transferring numerical simulation results onto scale models is investigated.
Employing supercomputer technology for aircraft accident investigation
Authors: Konovalchik A. P. , Malyshevskiy M. V.
Published: April 2021

We consider a software package for simulation and visualisation of surface-to-air guided missile flight and target defeat. We illustrate the research with the results of investigating the aircraft accident that took place in July 2014 in Ukraine.
Semi-physical simulation method and technology for on-board phase-Doppler short-range radio systems
Authors: Antipov V. Yu. , Metelnikov A. Yu. , Tokarev E. G.
Published: April 2021

The article examines methods and technology behind semi-physical simulation of short-range radio systems, accounting for performance features and usage specifics of on-board phase-Doppler systems. An example of implementing a semi-physical test bench is shown, along with its structural and functional chart and a sample of simulation results for one of the short-range radio systems.
On the possibility of employing a surveillance radar station to solve the problems of locating points of aim (points of impact)
Authors: Blyakhman A. B. , Matyugin S. N. , Prokhorov A. G.
Published: April 2021

We consider the possibility of employing a surveillance radar station to recognise ballistic targets (projectiles) and locate points of aim. We present the results of full-scale live-fire trial data analysis and a method for implementing ballistic target (projectile) recognition by radar stations of the surveillance type. We developed a mathematical model, an algorithm for ballistic target recognition, as well as algorithms and software to locate the point of aim
Estimating angular velocities of a ballistic object using radial acceleration
Authors: Porsev V. I. , Sivkov A. I. , Voroshilin E. P.
Published: April 2021

We developed an algorithm for estimating the total velocity vector of a ballistic object based on its radial acceleration, without employing numerical optimisation methods. We supply a comparison between the efficiency of the algorithm functioning and an existing optimisation method.
Knoware and hardware of boresight error compensation in «antenna – radome systems»
Authors: Stolbovoy V. S. , Turko L. S. , Zaletin P. V.
Published: April 2021

We consider solutions to improve the bearing and tracking accuracy of on-board radar objects by radars with “antenna – radome” systems. We developed algorithms for instrumental boresight error compensation according to the nodal data. We propose a method of forming the nodal data using the results of experimental measurements performed with the help of automated systems. Moreover, we give practical recommendations for the method implementation. On the basis of the difference matrices we developed a design procedure for errors in presenting the data by different methods and obtained analytical relations for the informed choice of the form of compensating arrays.
Quick calculation of Luneberg lens scattering signature
Authors: Panchenko B. A. , Ponomarev O. P. , Denisov D. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper focuses on solving the problem of diffraction of a linear polarization electromagnetic wave on multilayer bodies of a spherical shape, i.e. a metal sphere with a dielectric cover and Luneberg lens. For this purpose tensor Green function method was used. Within the research we described the electrodynamic system verifying the expressions obtained for the calculation of electromagnetic fields. Furthermore, we compared the obtained results of calculations with the results of simulation of a similar problem in the software package ANSYS HFSS . Finally, we estimated the computational burden and computing time for solving the problem in two ways
On the possibility of using a surveillance radar station to solve the problem of determining the starting point (firing position)
Authors: Blyakhman A. B. , Matyugin S. N. , Prokhorov A. G.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article was to study the application of a surveillance radar station for solving the problem of determining the coordinates of field artillery when detecting missiles. The experimental data of trajectory tests of field artillery gunnery are analyzed, the parameters of the pattern of change in missile altitude are determined using the developed two-stage approach
Process modeling in sensor - object system when scanning underwater communications
Authors: Cherny S. G. , Zhilenkov A. A.
Published: April 2021

The study focuses on the modeled processes describing the interaction of the scanning sensor with the element of underwater communication. This task is relevant in constructing the systems for automated monitoring of underwater objects by means of unmanned underwater vehicles. A simple model has been obtained that makes it possible to describe the structural properties of the object’s material or damage on its surface. The mathematical model of interaction between the object and the scanning sensor is presented as a sum of two series. The study shows that in problems of controlling the local structure of the object’s surface, it is possible to present the mathematical model in Kotelnikov expanded form. The obtained results are of high practical importance in solving the problems of laying specialized lines and highways in the territory of the Crimean water area of the Azov-Black Sea basin and regular monitoring their condition
Radar station with digital axisymmetric active phased antenna array as a promising direction for the development of surveillance radars
Authors: Indenbom M. V. , Makhlin R. L.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the study was to build a surveillance radar station (radar) with an axisymmetric (i.e. cylindrical, conical, etc.), multibeam receiving-transmitting active phased array (APAR) and investigate its characteristics. The radar station makes it possible to shorten the surveillance time, increase the rate of updating information, provide flexibility in changing operating modes, increase the reliability and service life of a radar station as compared to a radar station with mechanical rotation of antenna systems. The radar station is compared with electronic circular scanning based on cylindrical, three- and tetrahedral APAR
Modified printed two-band dipole radiators
Authors: Alekseytsev S. A. , Gorbachev A. P. , Tarasenko N. V.
Published: April 2021

The study describes the modified two-band printed dipole radiators, which are implemented as integrated radiating modules containing a compact printed version of a new coaxial dovetail balancing system, and two printed dipoles implemented as corresponding continuations of a feeding strip line and an open loop. We considered some features of structural implementation and technological completion and showed the optimized geometric parameters of the printed version topology. The approach introduced is confirmed by experimental results contributing to the estimation of the maximum achievable radiator performance
Electrodynamic method in bistatic radar - real and artificial targets
Authors: Yatsyshen V. V. , Gordeev A. Y.
Published: April 2021

The research shows that the real aerial weapon, i.e. hypersonic missile warhead and the target simulator of the MALD type, in bistatic radar result in significantly different topological scattering patterns when taking into account the radiation polarization. Radiation with p -polarization allows for a more expressive topological scattering pattern than in the case of s -polarization, and the θ angle change of the place gives a brighter relief pattern with alternating maxima and deep minima, which leads to an assumption about a high resolving power when identifying the objects by means of the gradient method. A special difference between the two objects, i.e. the target simulator and the missile warhead, can be observed in the case of s -polarization: the patterns differ significantly in topology, the missile maxima regions occupy a larger area, while the minima are much deeper
Application of methods of conditional multidimensional minimization to the ballistic trajectory calculation problem
Authors: Dubrovina A. A.
Published: April 2021

The paper focuses on the problem of calculating the approximate ballistic missile trajectory, the calculation ensuring that the missile travels from a given launch point to the finish point and covering the entire range rate for the missiles of the type considered. The missile trajectory is defined by a system of nonlinear differential equations. A different range is achieved by changing the initial values of the flight-path angle and the operating time of the missile stages. Due to the physical significance, these variables are constrained. The problem of multidimensional conditional minimization by the method of barrier functions with minimization of Nelder - Meed method
Electrolytic plasma processing of complex products from aluminum alloy D16
Authors: Zakharov S. V. , Korotkikh M. T.
Published: April 2021

The study analyzed scientific resources, collected statistics on composition of electrolytic solutions for electrolytic plasma processing of aluminum alloy D16. Moreover, a procedure for determining the potential components of the electrolytic solution has been found and there has been developed an electrolytic solution that excludes surface etching and provides the required quality of the surface layer. Finally, rational technological regimes have been determined
Comprehensive methodology for identifying incompatible radioelectronic facilities in a grouping
Authors: Pilkov A. V. , Radomskiy A. N.
Published: April 2021

The study introduces comprehensive methodology for identifying incompatible radioelectronic facilities in a grouping, with provision for the effect of radio interference of various types operating in different spatial directions. The research also focuses on the characteristic features of radio-wave propagation in the area where radioelectronic facilities are used. In view of the results obtained, it is possible to determine a plan for ensuring electromagnetic compatibility when designing radioelectronic facilities. Moreover, findings of the research allow us in real time to receive data on radio electronic facilities which have harmful interference impact, in the presence of basic data on real electromagnetic environment in the area where radioelectronic facilities are used.
On the question of solid-propellant rocket engine design preventing unstable operation in the combustion chamber
Authors: Glebov G. A. , Vysotskaya S. A.
Published: April 2021

The paper presents results of a numerical investigation concerning the effect that the flow duct shape and combustion rate equation have on the gas dynamic vortex flow pattern and self-excited pressure oscillations in the combustion chamber of a solid-propellant rocket engine. We provide guidelines on upgrading solid-propellant rocket engines in order to decrease the magnitude of pressure pulses in the case of pulsating combustion.
Mathematical model of radio engineering ship system errors in the autolanding problems studies
Authors: Amelin K. B. , Sauta O. I. , Shatrakov Yu. G. , Baburov S. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper describes the results of statistical processing of flight path errors recorded on board aircraft during aircraft carrier landing approaches using the S-band radar system and the microwave radio-beacon landing system. The analysis and statistical processing data averaging is carried out. A mathematical model of a random (noise) component of the measurement error of radio engineering landing systems used on aircraft carriers is built.The study introduces a mathematical model based on actual data of full-scale tests, which allows us to carry out a wide range of studies to determine the accuracy of various types aircraft landing approaches, including the presence of ship rocking and spatial evolution of the aircraft. The results of mathematical simulation are presented.
Detection and classification of small-scale objects in images obtained by synthetic-aperture radar stations
Authors: Kazachkov E. A. , Matyugin S. N. , Popov I. V. , Sharonov V. V.
Published: April 2021

The investigation deals with the problem of simultaneous detection and classification (that is, recognition) of several classes of objects in radar images by means of convolutional neural networks. We present a two-stage processing algorithm that detects and recognises objects. It also features an intermediate sub-stage that increases the resolution of those zones where objects have been detected. We show that a considerable increase in detection and recognition probabilities is possible if the recognition module is trained using high-resolution data. We implemented the detection and recognition stages using deep learning approaches for convolutional neural networks.
Problems of evaluating development testing quality of missile prototypes in full-scale experiments at the development testing stage and ways of solving these problems
Authors: Doronin V. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper analyses whether the volume of new generation missile testing is sufficient for a given development timescale. We consider development testing specifics for the new generation of missiles. The paper cites labour input estimates for debugging the software used in contemporary surface-to-air missiles. We present an approach to estimating missile design and development process quality according to a combination of indices, taking into account how urgent the problem under consideration is for a range of leading developers, as well as for the benefit of the customer.
Using knowledge-intensive technologies to master magnesium alloy casting for surface-to-air missile bodies of the S-400 Triumf anti-aircraft weapon system
Authors: Moiseev V. S. , Bobryshev B. L. , Popkov D. V. , Koshelev O. V. , Moiseev K. V.
Published: April 2021

For the first time ever, the paper presents an original scientifically informed approach to manufacturing process design for magnesium alloy casting of large body parts using combined moulds (a permanent mould with an internal sand core). This approach involves solving a system of problems to ensure directional solidification and a steady feeding rate. To solve these problems at each stage of mould filling and casting formation, we used methods of foundry hydraulics and thermal theory of casting to derive expressions for computing the necessary manufacturing parameters, from the pouring temperature to the duration of keeping the finished casting in the mould. We combined these computational techniques into a single software package, which was successfully tested in practice at the JSC Moscow Mechanical Engineering Plant AVANGARD and Public stock company “Dolgoprudny Research Production Enterprise” while manufacturing surface-to-air missile compartments for the S -400 Triumf and Buk-M3 anti-aircraft weapon systems.
Investigation into the dependence of ballistic characteristics of rockets on atmospheric parameters
Authors: Pravidlo M. N. , Korolev A. Y. , Bykov L. V.
Published: April 2021

When calculating the ballistic characteristics of a tactical missile, the atmospheric parameters have a significant impact on determining possible launch and missile engagement zones. The paper introduces the results of comparing the standard atmospheric parameters according to the State Standard GOST 4401-81 “Standard atmosphere. Parameters” and four empirical models of the atmosphere obtained from radio sounding data in different climatic zones and at different times of the year. By the example of a hypothetical air-to-air missile, we demonstrate possible launch and missile engagement zones for the considered atmospheric models. The main purpose of the work is to establish the relationship between atmospheric parameters and ballistic characteristics of missile engagement in general and air-to-air missiles in particular
Application of the “counterflow diffusion flame” method in simulating the final ballistics of ammunition based on reaction materials
Authors: Khmelnikov E. A. , Zavodova T. E. , Smagin K. V. , Dubinina S. F.
Published: April 2021

Due to the constant modernization of weapons and ammunition production, it has become necessary to search for new types of equipment. Within the research, we examine the possibility of using fluoroplastic as a reaction material which can replace explosives in ammunition used to destroy lightly armored and soft targets. The paper shows the results of experiments and mathematical simulation of the fluoroplastic striker penetrating into the light alloy barriers. The counterflow diffusion flame method was used to take into account the additional energy released as a result of interaction during the simulation
Ce: YAG ceramics: effect of synthesis technology on luminescent and optical properties
Authors: Lukyashin K. E. , Shitov V. A. , Medvedev A. I. , Ishchenko A. V. , Shevelev V. S. , Shulgin B. V.
Published: April 2021

The paper studies the influence of the synthesis technology on the luminescent and optical characteristics of transparent Ce doped yttrium aluminum garnet ( YAG ) ceramics synthesized in two ways. The transparency of samples with a size of Ø10×2 mm reaches 60 to 81 % in the 500-900 nm wavelength range. The effect of intermediate synthesis steps on the optical characteristics and final concentration of the Ce3+ activator in the YAG ceramic has been described and discussed
Algorithms for optimizing the aircraft flight route
Authors: Marusin V. S. , Ponamarev O. P. , Stolyarov O. G. , Temerev O. P.
Published: April 2021

The study introduces the algorithms for optimizing the flight routes of an aircraft when it is bypassing a stationary dangerous zone, which is considered to be the destruction envelope of the air defense missile system, and when it is intercepting an air target. Optimization of the bypass route involves the procedures for finding a safe corridor and building a bypass route with a minimum length. Optimization of the interception route is based on determining the analytical dependence of the penetration distance of the intercepted target on the averaged values of the altitude-velocity characteristics of each of the route segments, and on finding the conditions for the minimum distance of target penetration into the protected airspace
Using open source software in development of computer-aided design systems for radar
Authors: Konovalchik A. P. , Konopelkin M. Y. , Korchagova V. N. , Strizhak S. V. , Kraposhin M. V. , Kudrov M. A. , Martynov I. A.
Published: April 2021

The paper focuses on creation of a software component designed for the automated calculation of the stress-strain state of radar structure. The relevance of the work is shown, the statement of the problem, methods for its solution and the main development results are given
Algorithm for calculating the covariance matrix of the noise jammer estimated position
Authors: Devyatyarov I. O. , Dobrozhanskiy V. A.
Published: April 2021

The study considers an algorithm for identifying the noise jammers tracks and estimates the coordinates of the assumed position of such a jammer as a linear estimate of the true position with minimal dispersion. An algorithm for calculating the covariance matrix of the resulting estimate is proposed. Findings of the research can be used to modify and develop algorithms which ensure the operation of a promising anti-aircraft missile system for noise jamming.
On the issue of dynamic loading of supporting structures of special wheeled chassis
Authors: Tarichko V. I. , Shalupina P. I.
Published: April 2021

The paper focuses on a method for assessing the dynamic loading of the frame of a special wheeled chassis when it moves on roads of various categories. Based on the developed finite element model of the frame, we obtained and analyzed full-size patterns of the stress-strain state of the frame and oscillograms of equivalent stresses in the most loaded zones of the frame.
Marketing strategy of territorial branding in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Chukurna Оlena , Nikolaiev Dmytro
Published: April 2021

The article considers aspects of formation of marketing strategy of territory branding, yak the basis of strategic development. Attention is paid to the components of the strategy of sustainable development and its interaction with the elements of the territorial product and its influence on the image of the territory. A strategic analysis of the territory was carried out on the example of Odessa, which made it possible to form priorities for the strategic development of the territory. A marketing study was conducted by residents of Odessa regarding their attitude to the existing image of the city. Two main clusters of city residents were identified, depending on their perception of the image of the territory of residence. Proposals for the development of the territory's brand have been formed. Improved classification of marketing strategies for branding territories is proposed. This approach made it possible to formulate branding strategies for the territory in accordance with the goals of sustainable development. The classification has been expanded through the following positioning strategies: strategy of socio-economic image; strategy of environmental friendliness of the territory; strategy of a unique image of the territory; strategy for the image of a territory with a high level of comfort and safety; strategy of the territory's image as an innovation hub. This allows you to form strategies for branding the territory in accordance with the goals of sustainable development of the territory.
Banking innovations: security technology solution
Authors: Stashchuk Olena , Martyniuk Rostyslav
Published: April 2021

The article identifies the essence of the concept of banking innovations and their role in the financial security of banking institutions. Features of development of technological banking innovations in Ukraine, including in the conditions of influence of COVID-19 are considered. The characteristics of banking innovations are considered, the criteria to be met by banking innovations both on the part of the client and on the part of the bank are identified. The classification of banking innovations according to such features as: by time aspect, by novelty, by causes of occurrence, by volume of influence, by influence on behavior, by scale of innovation, etc. is given. It is proved that the financial security of a banking institution should provide protection of banks from the impact of external and internal threats, as well as minimize the level of their negative impact. The basic principles of financial security of banking innovations in order to ensure the stable development of the latter are described. It is established that the most relevant and in demand in the market in the development of coronavirus infection were such technological innovations of remote capabilities as: contactless payments, online services, mobile banking applications, electronic money transfers, virtual cards. The peculiarities of the use of technological innovations by banking institutions in Ukraine and their impact on the security of banking institutions and customers are noted.

In order to conduct the study, such general scientific and specific research methods were used as: the logical method, the method of analysis and synthesis, the system method, the method of theoretical generalization, the grouping method, the expert method and the method of logical analysis.
The development of integrated business structures of Ukraine on innovative and investment basis
Authors: Trusova Natalia , Hryvkivska Oksana
Published: April 2021

The article considers the directions of the development of integrated business structures based on innovation and investment in the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. The paradigm of the development and functioning of integrated business structures of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine, which intensify the innovative-investment process and network interaction of public-private partnership in a competitive environment, has been implemented. It is proved that the impact of public-private partnership on innovative-investment development and the creation of real value of business structures of the agro-industrial complex should be considered for different periods associated with the appropriate levels of evaluation of their effective cost-oriented platform. The efficiency of the functionality of business structures of the agro-industrial complex, which is characterized from the standpoint of time, level and integrated approaches, is determined. The temporal approach provides the allo-cation of three periods – short-term, medium-term and long-term, for each of which specific criteria for assessing the effectiveness of functionality is determined. A block diagram of qualitative criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of business structures in the introduction of innovations and investments in agriculture from the standpoint of the interests of a group of stakeholders in public-private partnership on a time basis is presented. The comparative characteristics of innovative-investment activity of business structures in high- and low-tech branches of the agro-industrial complex are determined. A model of integrated interaction of network interaction between business structures of the agro-industrial complex, institutes of agricultural development and stakeholders in public-private partnership has been developed. The institutional model of subsystems of the functional mechanism of harmonization of interests of business structures of agro-industrial complex and the state is offered. It is proved that the harmonious state regulation of investment activities of large agricultural producers (agricultural holdings) should be based on administrative, legal, organizational and economic methods and ensure compliance with norms and rules in the investment sphere at the level of relevant structural and functional institutions.
Analysis of approaches to determining the cost of production
Authors: Loishyn Anatolii , Shevchenko Oleksandr , Troyan Ivan , Mazur Volodymyr
Published: April 2021

The article is of interest to managers and scientists involved in the study of dealing with determining the cost of production in all economic activity areas, regardless of the organization’s ownership. The article has a theoretical nature and aims to generalize the current understanding of the formation of production costs. The article aims to analyse the production cost in further search for scientifically sound ways to clarify it. To achieve the article's goal, an analysis of many publications from the subject publication was conducted. A large number of scientific papers in this field have been established. The article analyses the components of product formation, briefly characterise them. It is determined that the cost of marketable products is calculated on the basis of cost elements reflected in the estimate. The question of the formation of the prime cost of production of the enterprise is investigated. It is determined that the cost of production is one of the most multifaceted indicators of economic activity of enterprises that characterises the work of enterprises and organisations. The article emphasises that the cost of products (services) comprehensively characterises the use of all enterprise resources of the enterprise, it is one of the most critical indicators of production efficiency at the enterprise, and it is reflected. The article is the starting point in a thorough study of the formation of production costs to improve the existing methodology of the subject area.
THE MODELING OF THE YIELDING CAPACITY OF WINTER CEREALS DUE TO SATELLITE MONITORING DATA OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Stupen Roman , Ryzhok Zoriana , Stupen Nazar , Stupen Oksana
Published: April 2021

The paper reveals the method of work in the geoinformation system Crop Monitoring on the basis of satellite monitoring data on the example of comparison of two neighboring land uses outside Bortkiv village council of Zolochiv district of Lviv region. One has determined the size of the areas of crops of winter cereals and deduced the dependence between the index of the vegetative index NDVI and their yield capacity on the basis of the estimation of the state of land use by the processing of space information. One has suggested to take into account the value of NDVI when calculating the yield of winter cereals using mathematical modeling. The results obtained from the satellite monitoring data are proposed to be used for the planning of winter cerels yields, determining the area of their sowing and optimizing the harvesting time.
METAL: The Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud Hubble Program. II. Variations of Interstellar Depletions and Dust-to-gas Ratio within the LMC
Authors: Roman-Duval Julia , Jenkins Edward B. , Tchernyshyov Kirill , Williams Benjamin , Clark Christopher J. R. , Gordon Karl D. , Meixner Margaret , Hagen Lea , Peek Joshua , Sandstrom Karin , Werk Jessica , Yanchulova Merica-Jones Petia
Published: April 2021

A key component of the baryon cycle in galaxies is the depletion of metals from the gas to the dust phase in the neutral interstellar medium (ISM). The METAL (Metal Evolution, Transport, and Abundance in the Large Magellanic Cloud) program on the Hubble Space Telescope acquired UV spectra toward 32 sight lines in the half-solar metallicity LMC, from which we derive interstellar depletions (gas-phase fractions) of Mg, Si, Fe, Ni, S, Zn, Cr, and Cu. The depletions of different elements are tightly correlated, indicating a common origin. Hydrogen column density is the main driver for depletion variations. Correlations are weaker with volume density, probed by C i fine-structure lines, and distance to the LMC center. The latter correlation results from an east–west variation of the gas-phase metallicity. Gas in the east, compressed side of the LMC encompassing 30 Doradus and the southeast H i over-density is enriched by up to +0.3 dex, while gas in the west side is metal deficient by up to −0.5 dex. Within the parameter space probed by METAL, no correlation with molecular fraction or radiation-field intensity are found. We confirm the factor of three to four increase in dust-to-metal and dust-to-gas ratios between the diffuse (log N(H) ∼ 20 cm−2) and molecular (log N(H) ∼ 22 cm−2) ISM observed from far-infrared, 21 cm, and CO observations. The variations of dust-to-metal and dust-to-gas ratios with column density have important implications for the sub-grid physics of chemical evolution, gas and dust mass estimates throughout cosmic times, and for the chemical enrichment of the Universe measured via spectroscopy of damped Lyα systems.
Mapping Milky Way Halo Substructure Using Stars in the Extended Blue Tail of the Horizontal Branch
Authors: Gryncewicz Robert , Newberg Heidi Jo , Martin Charles , Donlon II Thomas , Amy Paul M.
Published: April 2021

Although blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars are commonly used to trace halo substructure, the stars bluer than (g − r) < −0.3 are ignored owing to the difficulty in determining their absolute magnitudes. The blue extension of the horizontal branch (HBX) includes BHB tail stars and extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars. We present a method for identifying HBX stars in the field, using spectra and photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14 (SDSS DR14). We derive an estimate for the absolute magnitudes of BHB tail and EHB stars as a function of color and use this relationship to calculate distances. We identify an overdensity of HBX stars that appears to trace the northern end of the Hercules-Aquila Cloud. We identify three stars that are likely part of a tidal stream, but this is not enough stars to explain the observed overdensity. Combining SDSS data with Gaia DR2 proper motions allows us to show that the majority of the HBX stars in the overdensity are on high-eccentricity orbits similar to those in the Virgo Radial Merger/Gaia–Enceladus/Gaia Sausage structure and that the overdensity of high-eccentricity orbits extends all the way to the Virgo Overdensity. We use stellar kinematics to separate the HBX stars into disk stars and halo stars. The halo stars are primarily on highly eccentric (radial) orbits. The fraction of HBX stars that are EHBs is highest in the disk population and lowest in the low-eccentricity halo stars.
Superposed Epoch Analysis of Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Wind based on ACE Observations During Two Recent Solar Minima
Authors: Guo Xiaocheng , Florinski Vladimir , Wang Chi , Ghanbari Keyvan
Published: April 2021

Based on galactic cosmic ray (GCR) and plasma observations from the ACE spacecraft, in this work, we analyze the relation between the GCR counts and the solar wind parameters during two recent two solar minima (for the years 2007.0–2009.0, and 2016.5–2018.5) by means of the superposed epoch analysis (SEA) method. The results indicate that GCRs are strongly modulated by the co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the solar wind, and that the occurrences of stream interfaces (SIs) between fast and slow solar wind are correlated with a depression in GCR counts. The so-called “snow plow” effect of GCR variation prior to SI crossing appears during the first solar minimum, and the GCR counts decrease after the crossing, corresponding to a sudden drop in the diffusion coefficient at the SIs. The gradient of GCR counts shows that the transport efficiency of GCRs is low (high), relative to slow (fast) solar wind. However, during the second solar minimum, we see a completely opposite scenario; the “snow plow” effect is not observed, and GCR transport becomes faster in slow solar wind, and slower in fast solar wind. In addition, heliospheric current-sheet crossings also correlate with GCR counts. Particles drift along the current sheet, then accumulate in a pileup structure, where diffusion and drift effects may be balanced. It is found that the drift effect rivals the diffusion and convection on the GCR transport at 1 au during the two solar minima.
Consistency Analysis of a Dark Matter Velocity-dependent Force as an Alternative to the Cosmological Constant
Authors: Loeve Karoline , Nielsen Kristine Simone , Hansen Steen H.
Published: April 2021

A range of cosmological observations demonstrate an accelerated expansion of the universe, and the most likely explanation of this phenomenon is a cosmological constant. Given the importance of understanding the underlying physics, it is relevant to investigate alternative models. This article uses numerical simulations to test the consistency of one such alternative model. Specifically, this model has no cosmological constant; instead, the dark matter particles have an extra force proportional to the velocity squared, somewhat reminiscent of the magnetic force in electrodynamics. The constant strength of the force is the only free parameter. Because bottom-up structure formation creates cosmological structures whose internal velocity dispersions increase in time, this model may mimic the temporal evolution of the effect from a cosmological constant. It is shown that models with force linearly proportional to internal velocities, or models proportional to velocity to power 3 or more, cannot mimic the accelerated expansion induced by a cosmological constant. However, models proportional to velocity squared are still consistent with the temporal evolution of a universe with a cosmological model.
The Effects of Large-scale Magnetic Fields on the Model for Repeating Changing-look AGNs
Authors: Pan Xin , Li Shuang-Liang , Cao Xinwu
Published: April 2021

Periodic outbursts are observed in several changing-look (CL) active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Sniegowska et al. suggested a model to explain the repeating CL in these AGNs, where the periodic outbursts are triggered in a narrow unstable zone between an inner advection-dominated accretion flow and outer thin disk. In this work, we intend to investigate the effects of large-scale magnetic fields on the limit cycle behaviors of CL AGNs. The winds driven by magnetic fields can significantly change the structure of thin disk by taking away the angular momentum and energy of the disk. It is found that the period of outburst in repeating CL AGNs can be substantially reduced by the magnetic fields. Conversely, if we keep the period unchanged, the outburst intensity can be raised by several times. These results can help to explain the observational properties of multiple CL AGNs. Besides the magnetic fields, the effects of transition radius

, the width of the transition zone ΔR, and the Shakura–Sunyaev parameter α are also explored in this work.
Revisiting Rotation Measures from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey: the Magnetic Field in the Disk of the Outer Galaxy
Authors: Van Eck C. L. , Brown J. C. , Ordog A. , Kothes R. , Landecker T. L. , Cooper B. , Rae K. M. , Del Rizzo D. A. , Gray A. D. , Ransom R. , Reid R. I , Uyaniker B.
Published: April 2021

Faraday rotation provides a valuable tracer of magnetic fields in the interstellar medium; catalogs of Faraday rotation measures provide key observations for studies of the Galactic magnetic field. We present a new catalog of rotation measures derived from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey, covering a large region of the Galactic plane spanning 52° < l < 192°, −3° < b < 5°, along with northern and southern latitude extensions around l ≈ 105°. We have derived rotation measures for 2234 sources (4 of which are known pulsars), 75% of which have no previous measurements, over an area of approximately 1300 deg2. These new rotation measures increase the measurement density for this region of the Galactic plane by a factor of 2.
A Nearby Repeating Fast Radio Burst in the Direction of M81
Authors: Bhardwaj M. , Gaensler B. M. , Kaspi V. M. , Landecker T. L. , Mckinven R. , Michilli D. , Pleunis Z. , Tendulkar S. P. , Andersen B. C. , Boyle P. J. , Cassanelli T. , Chawla P. , Cook A. , Dobbs M. , Fonseca E. , Kaczmarek J. , Leung C. , Masui K. , Mnchmeyer M. , Ng C. , Rafiei-Ravandi M. , Scholz P. , Shin K. , Smith K. M. , Stairs I. H. , Zwaniga A. V.
Published: April 2021

We report on the discovery of FRB 20200120E, a repeating fast radio burst (FRB) with a low dispersion measure (DM) detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment FRB project. The source DM of 87.82 pc cm−3 is the lowest recorded from an FRB to date, yet it is significantly higher than the maximum expected from the Milky Way interstellar medium in this direction (∼50 pc cm−3). We have detected three bursts and one candidate burst from the source over the period 2020 January–November. The baseband voltage data for the event on 2020 January 20 enabled a sky localization of the source to within ≃14 arcmin2 (90% confidence). The FRB localization is close to M81, a spiral galaxy at a distance of 3.6 Mpc. The FRB appears on the outskirts of M81 (projected offset ∼20 kpc) but well inside its extended H i and thick disks. We empirically estimate the probability of a chance coincidence with M81 to be <10−2. However, we cannot reject a Milky Way halo origin for the FRB. Within the FRB localization region, we find several interesting cataloged M81 sources and a radio point source detected in the Very Large Array Sky Survey. We search for prompt X-ray counterparts in Swift Burst Alert Telescope and Fermi/GBM data, and, for two of the FRB 20200120E bursts, we rule out coincident SGR 1806−20-like X-ray bursts. Due to the proximity of FRB 20200120E, future follow-up for prompt multiwavelength counterparts and subarcsecond localization could be constraining of proposed FRB models.