bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community Mentoring: A Tool for Successful Communities
Authors: Dodge Kathryn
Published: July 2023

Mentoring occurs in an ad hoc and largely invisible manner in communities. This mentoring happens through modeling, storytelling, and asking open-ended questions. If Extension specialists and agents were more conscious and intentional about teaching community members and leaders about community mentoring, we would also likely be more successful in resolving community problems and creating prosperous communities with strong economies.
In the Field: Increasing Undergraduate Students' Awareness of Extension Through a Blended Project-Based Multimedia Production Course
Authors: Loizzo Jamie , Lillard Patrick
Published: July 2023

Undergraduate students at land-grant institutions across the country are often unaware of the depth and breadth of Extension services and careers. Agricultural communication students collaborated with an Extension programmatic team in a blended and project-based course at Purdue University to develop online videos about small farm agricultural topics. Student journaling and post-interviews showed working within a real-world context increased their awareness of Extension, the roles and potential careers in Extension, and video production skill development. The authors present details of the course design, student perceptions, and the implementation benefits and challenges of blended project-based learning within an Extension context.
Evaluation of On-Farm Food Safety Programming in Pennsylvania: Implications for Extension
Authors: Nayak Roshan , Tobin Daniel , Thomson Joan , Radhakrishna Rama
Published: July 2023

Penn State Extension conducted on-farm food safety workshops statewide to train fruit and vegetable growers on Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs). These workshops were evaluated using pre- and post-tests to assess the impact of the training on participating growers. Results indicate overall increases in produce growers' knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and intentions on GAP-related activities. However, few respondents (20%) intended to seek third-party certification (TPC) for their farms. Future evaluations should collect information on the challenges that growers face in implementing GAPs on their farms. Extension should tailor its food safety programs to meet growers' GAPs needs.
The Jungle Capitalism
Authors: Horedt G. P.
Published: July 2023

Any theory of a social system should be based on a very realistic, sober, largely incorrigible picture of human race – otherwise its application into practice will fail. Our theory of a new, wholly democratic, social system is primarily based on the negative human characteristics and their mitigation within the limits of feasibility. Evidently, man can also be ”noble, helpful, and good” (J. W. Goethe ”The Divine”), but this fact is generally of lesser importance in the present context. Good positive characteristics need no further improvement or discussion, as they are absolutely perfect.
Workplace Spirituality, Employee Engagement and Employee Loyalty: A Conceptual Study on their Interconnection
Authors: Kumari Anita , Ubnare Unnati
Published: July 2023

As opposed to the early modern time, the variety of work has remarkably changed in the contemporary era. Today’s workforce experiences greater desolation and disassociation from associates due to distance working, and continual use of business technology like emailing, and sharing files through various platforms may also make personnels feel less akined in their nest. The level of subjective effort employees are willing to put forth on behalf of their employer is a key indicator of how committed they are to their jobs. This is what is meant when we talk about employee engagement. Highly engaged employees surpass the bottom line commitment marked off in their work specification,bringing in new ideas and thinking unconventionally making headway for the organisations which is very progressive in nature, as has been observed in many prior research results. This is similar to how people make one self-available for handing their time and energy to accommodate a cause they are genuinely zealous about. The idea that each person has internal logics,rightness, and inclination to engage in professions that offer their lives and the lives of others more purpose is included in the concept of spirituality. According to a PwC India report, up to 37% of millennials plan to change jobs in the upcoming year. The goal of the current paper is to investigate the relationship between employee engagement, workplace spirituality (purposeful work, a sense of belonging , and alignment with organisational values) and employee loyalty (intention to stay) {JOUR Aboobaker, Nimitha Edward, Manoj K.A., Zakkariya 2020/01/02 Workplace spirituality and employee loyalty: an empirical investigation among millennials in India } particular relation to millennials, who are three times as likely than other generations to move occupations.
Passengers’ Reflections on Railway Amenities
Authors: Shunmugaselvi R. , Darling Selvi V
Published: July 2023

Indian Railways is the largest railway network in Asia. With a modest beginning in India on April 16, 1853, when the first wheels rolled on rails from Bombay to Thane, the Indian Railways has emerged today as the main vehicle for socio-economic development of the country. Some of the services provided by Indian Railways are freight services, parcel carrier and catering, tourism services and other related services owned by the Government of India. Indian Railways is the largest railway network in Asia. With 1.3 million employees, it is the largest employer in the organized sector in India. The main objective of this study is to analyse the passenger satisfaction and problems regarding the service provided by the Indian railways. Primary data were collected by interviewing 75 passengers of Rail transport in Tirunelveli with a specially prepared interview schedule. The researcher has applied Simple Percentage analysis, Weighted Average and one sample t- test with the help of SPSS. It is observed from the study that the sample group mainly consists of female respondents from the age group of 20-40. Most of the respondents are unmarried and graduates and are living in urban area. Most of the respondents are students and they prefer train travel because of comforts. Passengers are highly satisfied of A/C class fare. If the fare is fixed on the basis of distance, the passengers will be more satisfied.
A Study on Employee Stress Management in BSNL, Madurai
Authors: Kumar A , Anitha M , Thansi Fathima , Kavya Mrs , Abdul Javad K P
Published: July 2023

Stress is defined as the pattern of emotional states and physiological reaction occurring in response to demand from within or outside on organization.   A stressor, on the other hand, is considered to be a condition or situation that elicits a negative response such as anger, frustration, anxiety or tension.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (known as BSNL, India Communications Corporation Limited) Is a public sector communications company in India.  It is the largest telecommunication company in India and the sixth largest in the world.  Its headquarters are at Bharat Sanchar Bhawan, Harish Chandra Mathur Lane, Janpath, New Delhi.  It has the status of Mini-ratana a status assigned to reputed Public Sector companies in India.  The Government of India corporatizedthe operations wing of Dot on October 01, 2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).BSNL operates as a public sector.

The present study was conducted at BSNL Madurai.  The aim was to find the stress levels, personality type of the employees.  This was done using a detailed questionnaire.  The study reveled that fall under low stress category only a small percentage is highly stressed & needed prevailing in the organization to some extent.  Chi-square is statistics to list the goodness of fit the theoretical distribution.  It is developed within an initial hypothesis.  The study tries to reveal the about the stress of employees with some suggestion which will be of immense aid for the employees as well the organization to reduce the stress level.
Role of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) in Employment Generation in India
Authors: Uma R , Anbuselvi R
Published: July 2023

The importance of 65 million MSMEs, which account for about 120 million jobs and 30% of the country’s economic output, cannot be underestimated as it forms the backbone of the industrial landscape of the country contributing 49 % to the exports and 45% to the manufacturing sector and also responsible for around 30% of total employment generationin India.The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy over the last fewdecades. It contributes significantly in the economic and social development of the country by fostering entrepreneurship and generating largest employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost, next only to agriculture. MSMEs are complementary to large industries as ancillary units andthis sector contribute significantly in the inclusive industrial development of the country.
The Impact of Macro Economic Variables on Crude Oil Pricing in India from the Years 2000 to 2021
Authors: Preetha M , Joseph Kaviya Nijaritha
Published: July 2023

Crude oil is a necessary commodity for all the economies across the Globe. Demand for it is rising and more so witnessed in developing countries like India. Demand for crude oil has a lot of influential and counter reactive consequences such as increase in oil import, dependence of oil, exchange rate, trade deficit etc. The study examines the current state of crude oil pricing and crude oil imports into India. Annual time series data for the years 2000 to 2021 were used in this study. A variety of data analysis tools have been used with an effort to identify the key factors that influence crude oil prices. The macroeconomic variables considered for the study are foreign exchange rate, inflation, production, imports, consumption, and carbon emissions of crude oil which has greater influence on Oil pricing in India.
Consumer Perception towards Cashless Economy with Special Reference to Unified Payments Interface (UPI)
Authors: Vidhya I V , Prem Sankar C
Published: July 2023

Cashless transactions are not new to India, and there are various ways for cashless transactions available to customers. A unified Payments Interface (UPI) is one of the fastest-growing digital payment systems through which users can send and receive money through a Virtual Payment Address (VPA). In 2021, UPI processed around 39 billion transactions totaling $940 billion, equivalent to 31% of India’s GDP. The study’s main objectives are to understand the unified payment system’s (UPI) growth and its progression over the years and to know consumer awareness, perception, and satisfaction towards UPI. The researcher gathered data from both primary and secondary sources. Through an online survey process, respondents’ primary data was gathered. The sample size is 105. The secondary data were gathered from publications like books and journals and websites like https://www.npci.org.in
Individual Demand for Higher Education in Tamil Nadu: A Choice between Degree Courses and Diploma Courses
Authors: Jegan Annamalai
Published: July 2023

Increasing individual demand for higher education due to achievement of higher secondary schooling and the first-generation learner try to improve their life-pattern. In this situation, the government has unable to spend for higher education due to heavy burden of School education. On the other hand, Economic reforms and liberal education policies have encouraged private sector in providing higher education. Existence of privatization has been working as de-facto commercialism. In this condition, who can affordable the high cost of higher education with long-term. This paper is focuses on the individual student’s enrolment choice between Degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses.For the purpose, the study has been taken sample area of Villupuram district in Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire survey schedule is used for data collection. The study made the logit model to estimate the individual (student) enrolment choice between Degree courses and Diploma courses. The model explains the student enrolment choice between degree courses in higher education and Diploma courses. The result of the study reveals shows that scholastic ability-I (secondary level), Management of Institutions, Number of siblings in the family and scholarship influencing the individual demand to choose the degree courses in higher education.
Effective Management Strategies for Women Employer in Today’s Dynamic Workplace
Authors: Nivetha P , Prasanth S
Published: July 2023

This paper explores effective management strategies for women employers in today’s dynamic workplace. Women employers face unique challenges in leadership roles, including bias and discrimination, unequal pay, lack of opportunities for career advancement, and work-life balance issues. To succeed in the dynamic workplace, women employers must develop their leadership skills, communicate effectively, set clear goals, seek feedback, develop mentoring relationships, embrace diversity, and build a support network. This paper reviews the literature on effective management strategies for women employers in the dynamic workplace, including studies on leadership development, communication, mentoring, diversity and inclusion, and work-life balance. The paper highlights the importance of prioritizing well-being, resilience, adaptability, and innovation in leadership. By implementing these strategies, women employers can overcome obstacles, achieve their goals, and promote a positive work environment that fosters collaboration, innovation, and success.
Descriptive Insight on the Impact of Sales Organisation
Authors: Mishra Tapeesh , Raj Abhilasha
Published: July 2023

Sales organisation is a critical aspect of any business that aims to achieve success in the market. This research paper aims to explore the importance of sales organisation in a business and its impact on sales growth. The study focuses on the role of sales organisation in creating effective sales strategies, implementing sales plans, and measuring sales performance. The paper also discusses the factors that influence sales organisation effectiveness and provides recommendations for businesses to improve their sales organisation.
A Study on Crowdfunding as an Innovative way to Finance Startups
Authors: Vyas Atharv , Ramakanth H , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: July 2023

Crowdfunding is a budding concept that links entrepreneurs and investors. It helps raise funds for entrepreneurs for individual projects online with devoted sites. For the past few years, the crowdfunding industry has grown exponentially to raise billions of funds for individual art projects for start-ups. The crowdfunding model has the potential to increase the financial environment for small entrepreneurs to big business enterprises. This research article aims at providing insight into whatcrowdfunding is, its types, and how it is an innovative way to finance startups.
Digital Payment A Way Forward for Urban Dwellers
Authors: Gayathri A , Shanmugam P
Published: July 2023

A Digital payment, sometimes called an electronic payment is the transfer of value from one account to another using a digital medium. Digital payment has provided opportunity for India to empower its people and make them to use it and overcome the outdated banking system. Digital payments have changed people’s financial behaviour. Now days online becomes daily part of our lives, mainly because it is so convenient. It offers payments satisfaction, convenience, time savings, safety, availability of various vendors and services to the customer. Majority of the vendors prefer G-pay. Students and homemaker also using digital payment service. Applying frequencies and percentages this paper found that usage of online features of digital payments by the respondents and vendor preference on digital payment also offers that customer prefers to digital payment.
Cosmic Dance and The Universe
Authors: Subbulakshmi S
Published: July 2023

Hindu religion is the only one in the world has the idea that Cosmos itself undergoes an infinite number of death and rebirths. It is the only religion in which the time scales correspond to those of modern scientific cosmology. The cosmic dance of Nataraja is not a random motion but it is beautifully choreographed movement by law of nature. Nothing in the universe has been created but only transformed from one form to another. So creation and destruction is only a transformation. It is said that the Nataraja is the embody of inner process of human being. The galaxies are moving just like the movement of cosmic dance. It is like the birth and death and our consciousness forming and reforming. Nataraja is called the Cosmic Dancer because it is the most powerful form of dance intriguingly eclectic, keeping everything in the Universe intact. In Physical Science a Subatomic Particle is a particle that composes an Atom. Every subatomic particle not only does an energy dance but is also a pulsating process of creation and destruction without end. The electrons by diffusing around the nucleus forms the unstopped dancing movement. So for the modern physics the dance of cosmic dancer is a dance of subatomic matter. His dance symbolizes the daily rhythm of birth and death and the cosmic cycles of creation and destruction. Cosmic dancer seems to be real as he continually keeps creating and dissolving the forms in the external flow of his dance.
Rag Picking Children – A Study in A City
Authors: Jothivenkatesan D
Published: July 2023

Many of the street children who have run away from home have done so because they were beaten or sexually abused. Tragically, their homelessness can lead to further abuse through exploitative child labour and prostitution. Not only does abuse rob runaway children of their material security, it also leaves them emotionally scarred. Many of the abused children in India encounters are traumatised and some refuse to speak for months. To aggravate matters, children often feel guilty and blame themselves for their mistreatment. Such damage can take years to recover from in even the most loving of environments; on the streets it may never heal.
تعويضات التعويل على العقد في القانون الإنكليزي دراسة تحليلية مقارنة بالقانون المدني العراقي
Authors: علي يونس
Published: July 2023

تعد تعويضات التعويل على العقد نوعاً من أنواع التعويضات المترتبة على الإخلال بالعقد, والتي تدخل ضمن نطاق معالجات قانون الأحكام العام الإنكليزي للضرر والخسارة التي تلحق بالطرف غير المخل بالتزامه التعاقدي, وهي معالجات نقدية خلافاً للمعالجات الإنصافية كالتنفيذ العيني والأمر القضائي ذات الطبيعة العينية. ويُكرس هذا البحث لدراسة مفهوم تعويضات التعويل في القانون الإنكليزي وحالاتها والمبادىء التي تقوم عليها وكيفية قيام المحكمة بتقديرها, ومقارنتها بموقف القانون المدني العراقي رقم (40) لسنة 1951 الذي أخذ بمفهوم التعويض عن الخسارة اللاحقة والكسب الفائت. وتكمن مشكلة البحث في دراسة هذا النوع من أنواع التعويضات التي لم يتضمنها القانون المدني العراقي, ولا سيما تعويضات التعويل على العقد قبل إنعقاده, ومحاولة إقتراح بعض التوصيات ذات الصلة للمشرع العراقي, لتلافي القصور الناتج عن عدم تنظيم بعض أنواع التعويضات, وإقتراح تنظيم قانوني لها.
تقدير التعويض المستحق للمتضررين من الأعمال الإرهابية
Authors: الأمين عائشة
Published: July 2023

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة تقدير التعويض المستحق للمتضررين من الأعمال الإرهابية بالاسترشاد بالأنظمة القانونية في المملكة العربية السعودية وتجربة المشرع الفرنسي والمصري بداية بالخلاف حول تعريف العمل الإرهابي، وتحليل مدى التزام الدول بتعويض المضرور من الأعمال الإرهابية، والأساس القانوني لتعويض الضرر، وكيفية استحقاق المضرور للتعويض وعلاقته بمعايير التعويض وكيفية تقديره.

             وتوصل البحث إلى عدة نتائج منها تعدد الاتجاهات القانونية في  تعريف العمل الإرهابي ومن أبرز تلك الاتجاهات الاتجاه المادي والذي يركز على السلوك المؤدي للجريمة أو المكون لها، والاتجاه المعنوي والذي يهتم بالهدف من العمل الإرهابي، ونجد في المملكة العربية السعودية قانوناً لمكافحة الإرهاب وتمويله بينما لم يفرد المشرع الفرنسي قانوناً خاصاً في هذا الغرض ولكنه ألزم صندوقاً لتمويل التعويض المستحق عن أضرار الأعمال الإرهابية، وعلاوة بالقانون المصري وضع تعريف للأعمال الإرهابية، ويتنوع الاتجاه نحو تحديد أساس الالتزام بتعويض الضرر من الاعمال الارهابية بين ثلاثة اتجاهات الاتجاه الشرعي والأساس الاجتماعي والأساس القانوني.

           ويعتمد تقدير التعويض في المملكة العربية  السعودية على لجنة تسوية تشكل لهذا الغرض وما لم يحدد القانون أحكاماً لحساب التعويض يتم الخضوع للتقدير القضائي للتعويض وينصب تقدير التعويض على الضرر اللاحق وفقاً لتوافر عدة عناصر أساسية ويُعد تقدير التعويض عن الضرر المادي أسهل نسبياً عن غيره حيث أدرجت المحاكم في أغلب الحالات تعيين خبير لأداء تلك المهمة وبالرغم من أن رأي الخبير غير ملزم للمحكمة لكنه غالباً ما يتم الاسترشاد به ويعد سبباً للحكم كما تأخذ المحكمة بجسامة خطأ المسؤول ومدى تأثيره على المضرور في تقدير التعويض.
الفساد الإداري في الأنظمة المعاصرة ودور التنظيم الإداري الإسلامي في مكافحته
Authors: عبد الهادي سرمد
Published: July 2023

الفساد الإداري مفهوم يشمل استغلال السلطة الموكلة للمنفعة الشخصية، أصبح مشكلة معاصرة بارزة تؤثر في جميع الأنظمة الحكومية عبر العالم. وهو يتضمن الضرر الواسع النطاق والتأثير السلبي على التقدم والتنمية، ويعد تهديدًا على المستوى الدولي لأنه يعرقل البرامج الإنمائية ويقوض مصالح الجمهور. الفساد الإداري يهدد الحكومات الحديثة، يشوه السياسات العامة، يسبب الضعف في نظام الرقابة، ويؤثر في توزيع الموارد.

تعتبر الشريعة الإسلامية رائدة في تشخيص هذا النوع من المشكلات، حيث تقدم حلولاً واضحة للقضاء على الفساد الإداري, إذ توصي الشريعة الإسلامية بتطبيق الرقابة كاستراتيجية أساسية لتصحيح إجراءات الإدارة وتحقيق العدل والمساواة. كما تنصح بتعيين القادة الأخلاقيين القويين، الذين يعتبرون قدوة حسنة، في الأدوار المناسبة، حيث سيكونون أداة فعالة للحد من الفساد الإداري.
ولاية القضاء الدستوري على ضمان الملكية المستقبلية
Authors: الهلالي علي
Published: July 2023

تكفل الدساتير الملكية العامة للمواطنين جميعاً (1)، كما تصون الملكية الخاصة (2)، والملاحظ بجلاء أن الدستور في اطار حمايته للملكية العامة والخاصة يطلقهما دون مقيد، ويعممهما دون مخصص، ومؤداه أن الأصل هو ضمان الملكية بنطاقها الشخصي والموضوعي المطلق أما الاستثناء عليهما يستوجب التصريح ولا تغني الدلالة أو التأويل دون نص مخصص أو مقيد يرد في الدستور، مما يتطلب من القضاء الدستوري أن يبسط ولايته على حماية هذا النطاق الرحب والفضفاض دون تردد.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Perceived Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Systemic Barriers to Success for University Student Parents
Authors: Franklin Khadeejah T. , Saval Alexa J. , Cafer Anne M. , Reinemann Dana N.
Published: July 2023

Student parents, both undergraduate and graduate, face the difficult task of balancing their studies and raising children, and they are population often neglected or forgotten by higher education administration. The COVID-19 pandemic enhanced already present issues student parents face through the implementation of virtual schooling, increased daycare costs and closings, staying home with sick children, and a lack of local support system, among others. Further, many students who are performing research that require physical campus space and equipment to fulfill their educational requirements had their research progress come to a halt when the country locked down. This study explored the struggles student parents faced prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, what issues the pandemic exacerbated, and what new problems have since arisen. Participants completed surveys assessing the consequences of being a student parent during the pandemic, coping resources available to them, the effect of being a student parent during the pandemic on their mental health, and demographic information. Prevalent themes include substantial declines in mental health, feelings of inadequacy in regards to both their parenting and academic abilities compared to their non-student parent peers, and a striking lack of resources or acknowledgement from their institution. The survey results are framed within the social-ecological model to better understand the systemic implications of student parent conditions. Finally, we formulate a set of recommendations to higher education administrations to inform them about the unique struggles student parents face and suggest strategies for mitigation.
Investigating the Effect of Creative Mathematical Reasoning Tasks on Student Achievement: A Causal Inference Machine Learning Approach.
Authors: McJames Nathan , Parnell Andrew , O'Shea Ann
Published: July 2023

In this study we investigate the impact of regularly assigning creative mathematical reasoning tasks on student achievement. Using a causal inference machine learning approach applied to Irish eighth grade data from TIMSS 2019, we find that assigning challenging questions requiring students to go beyond the instruction has a clear positive effect on mathematics achievement. Asking students to decide their own problem solving strategies is also found to have a positive effect. In contrast, frequently asking students to practice procedures on their own is not associated with a positive increase in achievement. These results were consistent across all three cognitive domains of “knowing”, “reasoning”, and “applying”. We therefore recommend the incorporation of creative mathematical reasoning tasks into most classes by teachers as an effective way to improve student achievement.
Pengontrolan Trafik Light Menggunakan Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Siemens S7-1200 CPU 1214C
Authors: Azizah Andi , Rusli Rusli
Published: July 2023

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) adalah suatu alat elektronik yang beroperasi secara digital yang menggunakan suatu memory yang dapat diprogram sebagai media internal penyimpangan instruksi untuk menerapkan fungsi yang spesifik, seperti logika,peruntunan, pemilihan waktu, pencacah dan perhitungan untuk pengendalian input/output modul analog atau digital, berbagai jenis dari mesin atau proses. Metode yang digunakan dalam perancangan ini menggunakan metode sekuensial, yang menggunakan inputan dalam menentukan keputusan dalam sebuah sistem yang terprogram sehingga perancangan peralatan ini didesain beberapa kondisi yang dapat terjadi didalam sistem. Menganalisa tingkat kepadatan kendaraan pada traffic light agar tidak terjadi waktu tunggu yang lama.

Keywords: PLC Siemens S7-1200, Traffic Light.
Analisis Sistem Pengkondisian Udara pada Gedung Rektorat Universitas Musamus
Authors: Rahangmetan Klemens A , Parenden Daniel , Sahupala Peter
Published: July 2023

Untuk menjaga temperature dan kelembaban ruangan pada keadaan yang nyaman, panas harus dikeluarkan dari ruangan, jumlah panas yang dikeluarkan dari ruangan tersebut dinamakan beban pendingin, dari beban pendingin ini maka kita dapat merancang pengkondisian udara yang cocok pada gedung tersebut. Pada perencanaan Ac gedung Rektorat Universitas Musamus Merauke digunakan sistem Air Conditioner Central Station dengan pertimbangan biaya dan pemeliharaan yang mudah dan sistem perawatan yang lebih sederhana, dimana tiap ruangan akan dilayani dan pengaruh kebisingan dihindari, sedangkan sistem pengkondisian udara berdasarkan bentuk dipilih adalah All Air Sistem (Sistem Udara Seluruhnya) dengan sistem kontrol volume udara bervariasi (Variabel Air Volume Sistem (VAV)) jenisnya FCU Fan Coil Unit dengan dasar yaitu distribusi udara yang lebih baik, tingkat perawatannya mudah, kondisi operasi lebih tenang dan laju aliran udara yang tinggi serta sistem dapat di kontrol dengan baik.

Kata kunci: pengkondisian udara, gedung rektorat UNMUS, Ac sentral.
Inspeksi Berbasis Risiko dan Penentuan Umur Sisa Lining Reaktor UDC 101 Pt Pupuk Kujang
Authors: Naubnome Viktor , Wullur Christian Wely , Purwoko Robi
Published: July 2023

Peralatan yang digunakan pada industri petro kimia umumnya berukuran besar dan  memiliki risiko peralatan yang sangat tinggi salah satunya yang paling penting ialah bejana bertekanan yang beroprasi dengan tekanan dan temperatur yang tinggi. Dampaknya, kegagalan pada bejana bertekanan tidak dapat dihindari. Faktor keselamatan manusia serta lingkungan menjadi pertimbangan sebagai acuan untuk standar keamanan dan keselamatan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis risk level, laju korosi, remaining life time, serta merekomendasikan program inspeksi pada instrumen bejana bertekanan yang dalam hal ini reaktor amonia UDC 101 yang dimana pada reaktor ini akan dianalisis pada linin  reaktornya. Inspeksi ini menggunakan metode Risk-Based Inspection dengan menggunakan standart API 581 dengan bantuan software hitung Microsoft Excel. Kesimpulan dan hasil dari penelitian ini adalah langkah-langkah untuk menentukan Risk level pada lining reaktor menggunakan metode Risk-Based Inspection standart API 581 dan kemudian merekomendasikan perencanaan inspeksi bedasarkan Risk Level dan Remaining Life Time
Metode Pemilihan Material Tabung CNG Menggunakan Metode Performace Indexes
Authors: Indriyana Bangkit , Wullur Christian Wely
Published: July 2023

The compressed natural gas (CNG) cylinder pressure vessel become important in NGV fuel driving system because demand in CNG base as increase. The selection of material should be made effectively to reduce cost and to improve properties of the vessel. The choice of material cannot be made independently of the choice of process by which the material is to be formed, assemblied, finished, and otherwise treated. Cost enters, both in the choice of material and in the way the material is processed. Fully metal CNG pressure vessel is cheap but it is the heaviest pressure vessel compare to other materials. Composite has become an alternative material for CNG pressure vessel since it properties can be modified based on market needed. In this paper, the process of material selection for CNG pressure vessel using performance indexes have been analyzed. The result showing that material AA 6061-T6/S-Glass full wrapped has the highest Performance Indexes point.
Analisa Perbandingan Kinerja Perangkat Wireless Standar IEEE 802.11N TP-LINK TL-WR841N dengan D-LINK DIR-605L
Authors: Andika Adik Putra
Published: July 2023

Berkembangnya teknologi WLAN, membuat salah satu konfigurasi jaringanya yaitu access point juga tumbuh semakin banyak. Setiap access point memiliki fitur dan kemampuan yang berbeda. Penelitian ini melakukan pengujian dan analisa perbandingan kinerja terhadap 2 perangkat wireless standar 802.11n yaitu access point TP-Link TL-WR841N dengan D-Link DIR-605L. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan pengujian menggunakan beberapa parameter yaitu scanning sinyal melalui aplikasi Xirrus Wi-Fi Inspector 1.2.1.4, kecepatan download melalui aplikasi Baidu Spark Browser, stabilitas dengan menguji scanning sinyal sebelum dan sesudah diberi beban data file 1,81 GB serta suhu access pointdengan menggunakan thermometer suhu. Hasil pengujian scanning sinyal, perangkat D-Link DIR-605L sedikit lebih baik dibandingkan TP-Link TL-WR841N. Selanjutnya pada pengujian stabilitas dan perubahan suhu kedua perangkat sama baiknya. Namun pada pengujian kecepatan download perangkat TP-Link TL-WR841N lebih baik dibandingkan D-Link DIR-605L. Berdasarkan seluruh hasil pengukuran dan pengujian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat wireless access point TP-Link TL-WR841N lebih direkomendasikan untuk digunakan dibandingkan perangkat D-Link DIR-605L
Simulasi Perancangan Antena Microstrip Circular Array pada Frekuensi 1800MHz
Authors: Kaikatui Rapha Nichita
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis antena microstrip yang didesain pada frekuensi 1800 MHz atau untuk aplikasi GSM (Global System For Mobile Communication). Antena microstrip dengan substrat FR-4 epoxy dengan  konstanta dielektrik 4,4 didesain dengan bentuk circular array. Parameter-parameter yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merancang antena adalah  Gain, VSWR, Retrun Loss, Bandwith dan Impedansi masukan. Simulasi antena microstrip dilakukan menggunakan Ansoft HFSS v.13. Hasil simulasi pada frekuensi kerja 1800 MHz didapat return lost sebesar -21,7684dB, VSWR sebesar 1,177 dan Gain sebesar 4,68dB.
Analisa Grounding Pada kWh Meter Prabayar
Authors: Putera Nusantara Eka , Sumbung Frederik H , Karim Johan
Published: July 2023

Meter prabayar merupakan alat ukur daya yang sensitif terhadap adanya arus hubung singkat. Pemasangan grounding pada kWh meter prabayar dapat menyebabkan terganggunya kinerja dari kWh meter tersebut. Pengukuran ini untuk mengetahui nilai pembumian dalam keadaan terhubung dengan kWh meter juga nilai grounding pada kWh meter prabayar. Menggunakan alat ukur listrik, kemudian melakukan analisa perbandingan pada data kWh meter tanpa menggunakan grounding, kWh meter dengan nilai grounding kecil dan kWh meter dengan nilai grounding besar yang terukur melalui pemakaian pulsa. Meter tanpa menggunakan grounding diperoleh pemakaian pulsa sebesar 2.18 kWh, pada kWh meter yang terhubung grounding 2,17â„¦ diperoleh pemakaian pulsa sebesar 2.18 kWh, sedangkan pada kWh meter yang terhubung grounding 6,01â„¦ diperoleh   pemakaian   pulsa   sebesar   2.24   kWh.   Penggunaan   grounding   dengan   nilai pentanahan yang besar menimbulkan
Perencanaan Cold Storage Untuk Penyimpanan Produk Ikan Mujair di Kabupaten Merauke
Authors: Berek Yulius Frengky , Sahupala Peter , Parenden Daniel , Rahangmetan Klemens A , Wullur Christian Wely , Sariman Farid
Published: July 2023

Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah Menghitung beban pendinginan pada cold storage ikan beku, Menghitung prestasi siklus kompresi uap meliputi laju aliran massa, daya kompresor, dan COP.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan teoritis. Perancangan cold storage untuk penyimpanan produk ikan mujair di daerah merauke, dengan kapasitas satu container tersebut akan dihitung berapa besar pembebanan pendingin yang harus diberikan sehingga mendapatkan efisiensi cold storage yang maksimum. Data rancangan diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dilapangan.Adapun hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa Refrigeran yang digunakan Refrigeran 12 (R-12), Produk ikan mujair = 14,04 ton = 14.040 kg, Suhu cold storage : 10Â° C,Superheated:5Â°C, Temperatur refrigeran di kondenser : 35Â° C, Temperatur refrigeran di evaporator : 5Â° C, Tekanan di kondenser : 0,80 MPa Tekanan di evaporator : 0,40 Bar serta COP : 4,7
Pemanfaatan Energy Radiasi Matahari Untuk Kebutuhan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Latupeirissa Samuel , Sahupala Peter , Wullur Christian Wely , Andriyono Andriyono , Rahangmetan Klemens A , Bako Rahab M
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini merancang alat memasak dengan pemanfaatan rediasi sinar matahari yaitu membuat rancangan kompor energi surya dan menganalisis perpindahan kalor.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan dan eksperimen, dimana kompor energi matahari dibuat dan diuji efisiennya. Analisis data menggunakan metode perhitungan perpindahan kalor secara radiasi.Dengan memanaskan air sebanyak 800 mL dengan suhu awal 28oC mencapai 84,1oC dengan temperatur kolektor 94oC pada tanggal 14 Mei 2020. Dari temperatur tersebut maka diperoleh besar pelepasan kalor pada kolektor   2,442417 Watt,  besar energi yang diterima oleh kolektor sebesar 38,463 Watt dan energi yang diterima oleh air sebesar 19,8254 Watt maka diperoleh efisiensi kolektor 53% dan efisiensi kompor 51,5%. Penelitian tanggal 15 Mei 2020, terlihat bahwa temperatur yang tinggi diperoleh pada pukul 12.10 WIT. Dimana temperatur cermin 90oC dan temperatur mencapai 82,6oC. Dari temperatur tersebut maka diperoleh besar pelepasan kalor pada kolektor 2,098828 Watt,  besar energi yang diterima oleh kolektor sebesar 38,463 Watt dan energi yang diterima oleh air sebesar  25,6564 Watt maka diperoleh efisiensi kolektor 65% dan efisiensi kompor 66,7%.
Modifikasi Alat Penyuir Daging Dengan Variasi Putaran Dan Jumlah Mata Pisau Serta Waktu Pengilingan Daging
Authors: Konakaimu Paoce M , Andriyono Andriyono , Parenden Daniel , Sahupala Peter , Wullur Christian Wely , Cipto Cipto
Published: July 2023

Modifikasi Mesin  Alat Penyuir Daging  dengan  variasi putaran dan menambahkan jumlah mata pisau serta menambahkan variasi waktu pengilingan daging. Mmodifikasi   mesin penyuir daging dan  ikan ini  bertujuan untuk mempermudah proses penyuiran daging dan ikan menjadi suiran yang mempunyai ukuran yang seragam sebagai bahan baku pembuatan abon. Tahapan dalam pembuatan mesin penyuir daging ini terdiri atas tahap perancangan, tahap manufaktur,tahap perakitan tahap pengujian.Spesifikasi mesin penyuir daging abon  di rancang bangun yaitu.susunan perancangan yang  di rancang . Panjang bak penampung 400 mm, lebar 300 mm dan tinggi 335 mm dengan menggunakan bahan stainless steel. Pengerak  mesin penyuir daging menggunakan motor listrik berdaya 1 HP dengan putaran 1420 rpm. Transmisi yang digunakan menggunakan puli dan sabuk-v. Poros penyuir yang digunakan berbahan baja ST 37 berdiameter 14 mm dengan putaran poros penyuir 1000 rpm dan 750 rpm. Putaran poros dan waktu penyiuran yang paling efektif adalah pada pengujian 1000 rpm dengan jumlah mata pisau 19 buah dan  lamanya waktu penyiuran adalah 60 detik untuk bahan abon ikan maupun daging dalam setiap 500 gram.
Pengaruh Penggunan Knalpot Catalytic Converter dengan Katalis Arang Kayu Bus (Eucaliptus) terhadap Gas Buang Kendaraan
Authors: Cipto Cipto , Sariman Farid , Wullur Christian Wely
Published: July 2023

Konsumsi bahan bakar fosil terus meningkat, seiring dengan perkembangan industri otomotif. Hal tersebut juga didukung dengan tingginya arus transportasi, baik oleh kendaraan roda dua, roda empat, maupun kendaraan-kendaraan besar yang menjadi moda transportasi barang dan jasa. Perkembangan industri otomotif, tingginya arus transportasi menyumbang polusi udara yang bersumber dari emisi. Emisi berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Penelitian terkait emisi dan bagaimana mereduksi emisi merupakan hal penting. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk mereduksi emisi yaitu menggunakan catalytic converter dengan catalist arang.

. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian catalytic converter dengan katalis arang aktif kayu bus, dapat menjadi adsorben penyerap gas hidro karbon (HC) sebsar 50%, dan gas karbon monoksida (CO) sebesar 37%.
Penerapan Teknologi Spread Spectrum Pada Sistem Komunikasi Seluler
Authors: Corputty Roberto , Kolyaan Yuliana
Published: July 2023

Spread spectrum adalah teknik komunikasi yang dikategorikan oleh lebar bandwidth dan  daya yang rendah. Komunikasi spread spectrum  menggunakan berbagai teknik modulasi techniques pada Wireless LANs dan mempunyai banyak keuntungan diatas penggunaanya, komunikasi Narrow band. Sinyal spread spectrum berbentuk seperti noise, sulit dideteksi, dan bahkan sulit untuk didemodulasi tanpa perlengkapan yang memadai dan disuaikan dengan teknologinya oleh sebab, spread spectrum yang memiliki bandwide yang lebar dan kebal terhadap penyadapan banyak digemari di bidang kemiliteran, serta pengunaakan pada sistem komunikasi seluler.
Implementasi Antena Penguat Sinyal Dalam Peningkatan QOS (Quality Of Service) Jaringan 3G
Authors: Corputty Roberto , Murniani M , Parapaga Triadi Agustinus
Published: July 2023

Hadirnya jaringan 3G diharapkan dapat menunjang kebutuhan aktifitas masyarakat dalam berbagai bidang namun untuk mendapatkan kualitas jaringan 3G yang baik dan berkualitas, mobile seluler harus berada pada cakupan wilayah Base Transceiver System (BTS) yang mendukung teknologi jaringan 3G. Namun kenyataannya tidak semua lokasi berada dalam cakupan wilayah BTS, Sehingga menyebabkan penerimaan sinyal yang tidak stabil. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemasangan antena penguat sinyal yang digunakan adalah antena Yagi Uda dan melakukan pengukuran parameter QoS berupa troughput, delay, jitter, dan packet loss, pada waktu pagi, siang, dan sore hari di kampung Wasur, dengan menggunakan aplikasi handphone berupa Speedtes dan Ping analyzer. Penggunaan antena penguat sinyal pada Handphone di kampung wasur yang memiliki kualitas jaringan tidak stabil dapat menstabilkan jaringan juga dapat meningkatkan Indeks dan kategori parameter QoS yaitu: Troughput pada waktu siang hari 1,8 MBps meningkat menjadi 2,3 MBps, dengan kategori Standart QOS THIPON dari Baik menjadi Terbaik. Penurunan nilai dellay terbaik terjadi pada siang hari yaitu 118,65 mn turun sebesar 108,51 ms, dengan kategori Standart QOS THIPON Sangat Bagus. Nilai jitternya mengalami penurunan terutama di pagi hari yaitu adalah 26,57 ms turun menjadi 7,44 ms, dengan kategori TIPHON Bagus.
Konverter AC/DC Sebagai Unit Pelayanan Energi Listrik Pada Peralatan Rumah Tinggal
Authors: Fernandes Antonius , Murniani M , Ponadi Acep , Letsoin Vincen
Published: July 2023

Riset ini mengangkat tema tentang Konverter AC/DC sebagai unit pelayanan energi listrik pada peralatan rumah tinggal. Di masa yang akan datang rumah serba mandiri akan menjadi isu yang sangat menarik. Riset ini bertujuan memanfaatkan converter AC/DC sebagai pusat penyaluran daya listrik DC pada pralatan elektronik, untuk mengoptimalkan proses transfer daya listrik ke sistem baterai atau transfer secara langsung ke beban. Metode pengolahan daya listrik DC secara terpusat dapat menggabungkan energi terbaharukan dalam satu beban kerja dan dapat terhindar dari gangguan global. Penggunaan converter Ac ke DC skala rumah tangga memiki kendala dalam hal rugi – rugi daya. Oleh sebab itu, solusi penyaluran DC terpusat menyalurkan tegangan masukan dari rangkaian utama AC/DC, menghasilkan minimal 24V dengan beban penuh skala rumah sederhana, untuk skla rumah menengah sebaiknya menggunakan tegangan 48V dengan beban penuh pada skala rumah 50titik khusus peralatan elektronik, efisiensi penyaluran aliran listrik ke beban, sebaiknya menggunakan penampang kabel 2,5mm dengan rata-rata efisiensi 98%. Dari hasil yang telah ditemui, perlu penerapan tingkat lanjut litrik DC terhadap ekonomi masyrakat dan beban tertentu.
IS THE TWO-STROKE ENGINE HISTORY OR THE FUTURE OF MOTORING?
Authors: Łuszczyna Rafał , Bartoszuk Marian
Published: July 2023

The paper presents a condensed history of the development of the two-stroke engine. The various stages of implementation of the most significant design solutions are described chronologically to achieve the best technical and economic performance for this type of power unit. The review of selected design solutions is supplemented with illustrations and concise comments. Examples of practical engineering solutions, thanks to which previous techno-economic problems were optimized, such as insufficient lubrication efficiency of individual parts and components, significant lubricating oil consumption, ...) are presented. The work was concluded with an analytical summary and conclusions indicating the need to undertake more intensified research into developing the two-stroke engine (in particular, the possibility of using ecological propellants). Consideration of the presented research directions (suggestions) can help, among other things, to optimize power processes, i.e., to minimize the negative environmental impact of a two-stroke internal combustion engine.
Pattern of Biopsy-Proven Renal Dysfunction in Pakistan: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Sultan Khawar
Published: July 2023

Background: This study was conducted to determine pattern (spectrum) of renal diseases on basis of renal biopsy in a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad.

Methodology: This retrospective observational study was conducted at Nephrology department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from February 2012 to April 2020. Results of all biopsies done during this period were analyzed to determine the prevalence of different renal diseases on basis of histopathology and immunofluorescence.

Results: There were 254 kidney biopsy samples studied during the course of study. Out of total 254 patients 133 (52.4%) were male and 121 (47.6%) were female.  Mean age of participants was 34.47±7.67 years (Range:15-60 years). Primary glomerulonephritis and secondary glomerulonephritis was found in 169 (66.5%) and 48 (18.9%) respectively, while tubulo-interstitial disease was reported in 37 (14.6%) of the total biopsies. Among 169 biopsies that showed primary GN, IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common in 16% of the biopsies, followed by membranous GN in 15.4% while membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) was seen in 13.6%, and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was seen in 13% of primary GN. Among 48 biopsies with secondary GN, lupus nephritis (LN) was found to be most common in 83.3% followed by amyloidosis in 6.3%. Among 37 biopsies having tubulo-interstitial disease, acute tubular nephritis (ATN) and renal cortical necrosis was seen in 29.7% each followed by tubulo-interstitial nephritis in 18.9% and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) was seen in 16.2%.

Conclusion: This study shows that primary GN is the most common finding on renal biopsy. Among them IgA Nephropathy is the commonest lesion followed by membranous nephropathy, MPGN and FSGS. Among secondary GN, Lupus Nephritis is the commonest lesion.

Key words: Glomerulonephritis, Renal Biopsy, Renal Disease, Renal histopathology
Challenge of Multidrug-resistant Strains of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Clinical Samples
Authors: Khurshid Farhat
Published: July 2023

Background: The rising level of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens is one of the most significant public health problems worldwide. Antibiotic resistance of clinically important bacteria, the types and levels of resistance and multidrug resistance (MDR) among pathogens is extremely important. With the rise of infections caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and with their co-resistance to many other antibiotic classes, carbapenems have been considered to be the last and life-saving agents against these life-threatening infections. The current study was carried out to determine the frequency, disease burden and therapeutic challenge of infections caused by multidrug resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae with particular reference to Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and the emerging infections caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-CRE)

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Microbiology Department of Islamabad Diagnostic Centre over a period of two years, from January 2018 to December 2020. Enterobacteriaceae isolated on culture from clinical samples were identified using appropriate characterization tests including the selective use of API 20E. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and ESBL detection was performed on Vitek 2 compact system by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methodology. Isolates that were resistant to more than one carbapenem were identified as Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae ( CRE).

Results: Out of 7270 specimens that yielded the growth of Enterobacteriaceae, 2943 (40.5%) were ESBL positive (ESBL-E) and 487 (6.7%) were carbapenem resistant (CRE). Further analysis of CRE revealed 247/487 as non-ESBL-CRE and 240/487 as ESBL-producing CRE (ESBL-CRE). Maximum number of CRE isolates - both non-ESBL and ESBL CRE - were from urine specimens. Klebsiella species followed by Eschcerichia coli and Enterobacter were the dominant ESBL-CRE isolates. Admission to a health care facility was the major risk factor followed by advancing age.

Conclusion: Besides ESBL-E, Carbapenum-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), particularly those co-producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL-CRE), (wherein resistance mechanisms to both carbapenems as well as to beta-lactam antibiotics are concomitantly expressed in the same organism), have emerged as the major pathogens of concern. The later appears to have introduced a new dimension in the resistance profile of infections caused by multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae.

Key words: Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase, ESBL-producing Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Multi-drug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae.