bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis of Deaths and Mortality in the Over 50 Population Due to COVID-19 in Italy
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro
Published: September 2022

Introduction. COVID-19 has spawned the largest global health crisis of our time. However, part of the scientific community doubts the actual estimate of deaths and the effectiveness of the countermeasures adopted. This paper investigates these aspects in Italy.Methods. A retrospective longitudinal analysis from 2015 to 2021 was conducted to estimate monthly and annual excess deaths and mortality due to COVID-19 in the over 50 age group. Differences between 2020 and 2021 were explored to assess the long-term impact of countermeasures. Surprisals were adopted to measure statistical surprise (e.g., “S = 10” is as surprising as 10 consecutive heads). Effect size and statistical surprise were judged separately.Results. COVID-19 led to a large and unexpected increase in annual (March – December) deaths (excess 2020 = 109519, excess 2021 = 56197, SE = 2229, S > 52) and mortality (excess 2020 = 0.42%, excess 2021 = 0.24%, SD = 0.012%, S > 52). The disease caused relative increases in deaths in almost all months (median = 9%, IQR: 7-21, S = 12) but was more severe in the non-summer periods (median = 9%, IQR: 7-12, S = 12). In 2021 there was a drastic reduction in annual mortality (difference = 681%, SE = 4%, S = 18) and monthly deaths during the periods with the higher epidemiological risk (difference = 47114, SE = 1115, S = 19).Discussion and conclusions. In light of the comparison with the complementary literature, these findings strongly support the dangerousness of COVID-19 – the severity of which increases in the colder seasons but does not disappear in the warmer ones – and the effectiveness of the containment and prevention countermeasures adopted in Italy (especially vaccines). Further studies could investigate counterfactual scenarios to search for more optimal public health interventions.
Dasar Pemikiran Moneter Dalam Sistem Keuangan Islam
Authors: Muhajir
Published: September 2022

Dasar dari pemikiran moneter islam berujuan agar terciptanya stabilitas permintaan uang dan mengarahkan nya pada tujuan uang yang penting dan produktif. Uang dijadikan sebagai alat untuk berjaga-jaga dalam artian dapat berupa tabungan maupun investasi, dimana investasi ini terbagi lagi menjadi berwujud dan tidak berwujud. Ada beberapa jenis dalam investasi berwujud ini salah satunya berupa ilmu yang dimana tujuannya membawa kita kepada kebahagian dunia maupun akhirat.
DASAR PEMIKIRAN MONETER DALAM SISTEM KEUANGAN ISLAM
Authors: NOER MUH. AFTA
Published: September 2022

Dasar Pemikiran dari moneter Islam yaitu Terciptanya stabilitas permintaan uang dan mengarahkannya dalam tujuan yang penting dan produktif. sehingga menciptakan Kesejahteraan ekonomi dengan kesempatan kerja penuh, Keadilan sosio-ekonomi dan distribusi pendapatan dan kekayaan, serta Stabilitas nilai uang.
PENGARUH EKSPOR IMPOR TERHADAP PDB DI PERANCIS DAN ITALIA PERIODE 2011-2022
Authors: Fajriyah Nilta Rosyada
Published: September 2022

Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan salah satu indicator yang sangat penting dalam mengukur keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi yang terjadi pada suatu negara. Dalam judul Pengaruh Ekspor Impor dan GDP terhadap PDB di Perancis dan Italia pada masa periode 2011-2022 yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan : 1. Pengaruh ekspor terhadap PDB di Prancis dan Italia pada tahun 2011-2022, 2. Pengaruh Impor terhadap PDB di Prancis dan Italia pada tahun 2011-2022. 3. Pengaruh GDP terhadap PDB di Prancis dan Italia pada tahun 2011-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa data time series, menggunakan jenis metode kuantitatif, dengan membatasi waktu penelitian dari tahun 2011-2022 data kuartalan yaitu dengan data Ekspor, Impor, dan GDP terhadap PDB. Terdapat beberapa kesamaan dalam analisis data uji validitas antara negara Perancis dengan Negara Italia pada periode tahun 2011-2022.
Taxon cycles in Neotropical mangroves
Authors: Rull Valentí
Published: September 2022

The concept of taxon cycle involves successive range expansions and contractions over time through which a species can maintain indefinitely its core distribution. Otherwise, it becomes extinct. A typical taxon cycle can be subdivided into four stages: (I) expansion, (II) population differentiation, (III) local extinction and incipient speciation (eventually initiating a new cycle), and (IV) relictualization and extinction. Taxon cycles have been defined mostly for tropical island faunas. Examples from continental areas are scare and similar case studies for plants remain unknown. Most taxon cycles have been identified on the basis of phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies, straightforward empirical evidence of expansion and contraction phases based on the fossil record are still lacking. Here empirical fossil evidence is provided for recurrent Eocene to present expansion and contraction cycles in a mangrove taxon (Pelliciera), after a Neotropical-wide study of the available pollen records (~80 sites). This recurrent behavior is compatible with the concept of taxon cycle from biogeographical, chronological and ecological perspectives. Evolutionary predictions are more difficult to evaluate with the available evidence. The biotic (dispersal, competition, facilitation, niche segregation) and abiotic (environmental shifts) drivers potentially involved in the initiation and maintenance of the Pelliciera expansion/contraction cycles are analyzed, and the ecological and evolutionary implications for Neotropical mangroves are discussed. Two main expansion/contraction Pelliciera cycles have been identified, the first during the Eocene and the second between the Oligocene and the present. It is suggested that the Eocene cycle would have led to the extinction of Pelliciera but the Late-Eocene arrival of a gerenalist long-distance disperser that dominates the extant Neotropical mangroves (Rhizophora) provided the conditions for its survival and further Oligo-Miocene expansion. After a drastic Mio-Pliocene contraction, Pelliciera is restricted today to a small relict patch similar, in extension and location, to its original Eocene range. Whether this could be a trend toward extinction is considered, under the predictions of the taxon cycle theory. The recurrent expansion and contraction cycles identified for Pelliciera from the Eocene to the present have strong potential for being the first empirically and unequivocally documented taxon cycles, and likely the only taxon cycles documented to date for plants.
Adolescent user behaviors on short video application, cognitive functioning and academic performance
Authors: Xu Ziyan , Gao Xinqiao , Wei Jun , Liu Huiqin , Zhang Yu
Published: September 2022

Despite the soaring popularity of short video applications (SVA) among adolescents worldwide, little is known about its potential impact on adolescent users. This study aimed to examine whether and how adolescents’ user behaviors regarding SVA, including daily usage and reliance on algorithmic recommendations, predict their cognitive functioning and academic performance. A sample of Chinese adolescents from two age cohorts (Mage=12.25, SD=0.02, N=454; Mage=15.21, SD=0.02, N= 368) completed the survey on SVA user behavior and cognitive ability test regarding academic delay of gratification (ADOG), working memory and verbal ability. The findings reveal that daily usage of SVA is negatively correlated with users’ ADOG and academic performance for both age cohorts. And the dependency on algorithmic personalization negatively predicts the working memory, verbal ability and academic performance of the younger cohort only. Also, their SVA daily usage negatively correlates with working memory and verbal ability, which both simultaneously mediate between their user behavior and poorer academic performance. Considering the age differences in SVA-related effects, the study further points out the higher susceptibility of younger adolescents to SVA use compared to their older counterparts, which should be noted by students, parents, educators and researchers to prevent the potentially negative impact.
Pro-Environmental Behavior Triggers Moral Inference, Not Licensing by Observers
Authors: Urban Jan , Bahník Štěpán , Braun Kohlová Markéta
Published: September 2022

Several studies have shown that, through a phenomenon known as moral licensing by observers, a person’s prior good deeds will make observers more lenient in their judgment of subsequent immoral behaviors committed by that person. Environmental behavior is generally perceived as moral behavior, but it is not known whether it can trigger moral licensing by observers. In two registered experimental laboratory studies (N1 = 198, N2 = 501), we have tested whether prior engagement in pro-environmental behavior triggers licensing by observers and thus makes observers judge more positively actors’ subsequent immoral behavior (Study 1) and their subsequent anti- and pro-environmental behaviors (Study 2). We found that people who engaged in pro-environmental behavior were subsequently rated as more pro-environmental and moral and their subsequent pro- and anti-environmental behaviors (but not outright immoral behavior) were rated as more moral by observers. Given that the effects of prior pro-environmental behavior affect the morality rating of not only subsequent anti-environmental but also pro-environmental behavior, these effects are not simple licensing effects as they do not “license” a person’s immoral behavior or character. Such effects are consistent with theories of moral judgment whereby character judgment is updated based on prior morally significant events, which then affect subsequent judgments of the morality of behavior.
How much cultural variation around the globe is explained by ecology?
Authors: Wormley Alexandra , Kwon Jung Yul , Barlev Michael , Varnum Michael E. W.
Published: September 2022

How much cultural variation is explained by the physical and social ecologies people inhabit? Here, we provide an answer using nine ecological variables and 66 cultural variables (including personality traits, values, and norms) drawn from the EcoCultural Dataset. We generate a range of estimates by using different statistical metrics (e.g., current levels, average levels across time, unpredictability across time) of each of the ecological variables. Our results suggest that, on average, ecology explains a substantial amount of human cultural variation above and beyond spatial and cultural autocorrelation. The amount of variation explained depended on the metrics used, with current levels and average levels of ecological conditions explaining the greatest amounts of variance in human culture on average (16% and 20% respectively).
Revitalisasi Gedung Bioskop Ria Di Kota Pematangsiantar Dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Ekspresionis
Authors: Intan Desy , Rijal Muhammad , Faisal Gun
Published: September 2022

Keberadaan bangunan peninggalan sejarah pada masa kolonial Belanda di kota Pematangsiantar menjadi salah satu potensi destinasi pariwisata sejarah. Saat ini terdapat Bioskop Ria sebagai salah satu bangunan tua yang tidak difungsikan dan terbengkalai. Revitalisasi dengan pengalihan fungsi sebagai solusi untuk memanfaatkan kembali bangunan terabaikan yang memiliki nilai sejarah. Melalui pendekatan Arsitektur Ekspresionis dengan analogi konsep â€œekspresi dari memutar masa lalu untuk dikenangâ€ yang digambarkan pada pemutar film. Revitalisasi dengan penambahan, dan perbaikan fungsi Bioskop Ria dapat meningkatkan sektor pariwisata di kota Pematangsiantar.
L’hospitalité en milieu associatif : entre idéal et praxis. Imaginaire postcolonial et relations entre les participants à un cours de français
Authors: Padiou Iris
Published: September 2022

This article deals with the construction of interpersonal relations between participants in French courses organized in a French association specializing in welcoming migrants and homeless people. We first emphasize the connections between colonialism and the practices linked to institutional hospitality and language teaching. We then present, based on the analysis of excerpts of conversations and interactions recorded during French classes, the transversal and shared nature of the postcolonial imagination. We demonstrate how participants in French courses update, reaffirm or challenge it, in processes of alterization and identification. We emphasize how this imagination structures the didactic context, (re)produces social stratification and establishes power relationships.
Incorporating MOOC and COVID-19-Related Scientific Papers into Veterinary Microbiology Teaching to Enhance Students’ Learning Performance and Professional Recognition
Authors: Zhang Hongna , Liu Jingbo
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a huge adverse influence on global teaching activities and students’ psychological status. Veterinary microbiology is mainly concerned with bacterial and viral diseases, including coronavirus diseases. An innovative online-to-offline teaching approach for this course was established to stimulate students’ learning initiative and mitigate their anxiety about COVID-19. A well-established massive open online course (MOOC) was first adopted as preview material before class, followed by in-person teaching. Additionally, COVID-19-related scientific papers were used as pre-class reading material in veterinary microbiology and were further explained in class. The effect of this innovative teaching mode was systematically evaluated by final examination scores and questionnaires. The average score (81.75) and excellence score rating (> 85 scores, 37.3%) resulting from this blended teaching mode were not statistically higher than those of the online-only (79.19, p = .115; 28.6%, p = .317) or offline-only (79.47, p = .151; 27.9%, p = .269) teaching modes. This may be due to the sample size investigated; however, the results indicate that the innovative teaching mode did not decrease teaching quality. Additionally, most subjects (72.9%) were satisfied with the blended mode and supported its future use. Intriguingly, the introduction of COVID-19-related scientific papers helped students understand virology, relieve their anxiety, and increase their professional identity. Collectively, the innovative approach to teaching veterinary microbiology in this study provides a beneficial reference for other teachers to maintain and improve teaching quality.
uso de metodologias ativas no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Wetterich Caio Bruno , Costa Lidinei Santos
Published: September 2022

As metodologias ativas estão em voga e refletem uma demanda da educação por um ensino que envolva o discente e o torne ativo no processo de aprendizagem. A partir desses pressupostos, este estudo objetiva analisar a influência da gamificação no engajamento e na motivação dos discentes em relação à disciplina Eletrônica Digital, do curso Técnico em Eletroeletrônica do IFNMG-Campus Avançado Porteirinha. A pesquisa classificou-se como qualitativa, utilizando a entrevista estruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados, a qual foi analisada por meio da análise de conteúdo. Foi desenvolvida durante a pandemia da covid-19, em 2020, quando se suspenderam as aulas presenciais, as quais passaram a ser mediadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação. A partir do conteúdo da disciplina Eletrônica Digital, foram desenvolvidas atividades gamificadas com os alunos, obtendo-se os seguintes resultados: destaque para o dinamismo da metodologia; maior motivação para participarem das aulas da disciplina; maior facilidade na aprendizagem dos conteúdos complexos e maior interação entre os discentes e desses com os docentes. Tais resultados apontam a importância da diversificação das metodologias de ensino, principalmente, considerando o contexto pandêmico e as dificuldades do ensino remoto. Observou-se impacto positivo na motivação e engajamento dos discentes, servindo de parâmetro e reflexão para transformar o ensino tradicional em momentos de interação e aprendizagem ativa.
Application of Carrageenan and Non-Alcoholic Anthocyanin Extraction of Rosa sp. on The Physic-Chemical Characteristics of Annona muricata L. Fruit Leather
Authors: Elfi Anis Saati  , Sri Winarsih  , Ratih Maulidha Aryani  , Devi Dwi Siskawardani
Published: September 2022

Fruit leather is a healthy food with higher nutrition, but it has low plasticity. Annona muricata L. has potential as raw material due to high fibre and low pectin. Rosa sp. acts as the antioxidant and anthocyanin sources, while carrageenan as plasticity improvement. This research aimed to analyse the interaction of anthocyanin (10%; 15%; 20%) and carrageenan (0.1%; 0.2%; 0.3%) to the fruit leather physic-chemical characteristics. The research consisted of 2 main steps: (i) anthocyanin extraction from Rosa sp. used aquadest:citric acid (98:2) at 85°C for 30 mins. (ii) Application of anthocyanin on fruit leather. Randomised completed block design factorial was applied. The best fruit leather resulted by combination of anthocyanin 15% and carrageenan 0.3% with pH 3.65, water content 13.08%, antioxidant activity 87.61%, TDS 26.03°Brix, total acid titrated 4.23%, lightness (L) 41.07, redness (a+) 7.03, and yellowness (b+) 2.63.
Proximate Composition and Determination of Epigallocatechin Gallate Content in Melon Manis Terengganu
Authors: Shahidan Norshazila , Ong Ying Qian , Harith Sakinah , Shahril Mohd Razif , Hapidin Hermizi
Published: September 2022

Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT), Cucumis melo L., is a newly developed variety of melon introduced specifically for Terengganu. MMT has been claimed to have a high antioxidant value. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has become one of the leading naturally derived polyphenols studied for its potential health benefits. In the present study, the proximate composition and EGCG content of MMT were determined and compared among the fruit parts (flesh, seeds, and peels). The powdered samples have undergone proximate analyses followed by the determination of EGCG concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result revealed that MMT seed has highest protein (27.99 ± 0.36%), fat (28.79 ± 0.32%) and crude fibre (31.64 ± 1.25%) contents as compared to peel and flesh. MMT peel contained the highest carbohydrate (67.48 ± 0.37%) as compared to flesh and seed. The EGCG concentrations of MMT seed, flesh and peel were significantly different (p < 0.05) among one another with MMT peel as the highest EGCG concentration (0.042 ± 0.003 mg/mL). Therefore, MMT peel has the potential to consider as new sources of natural antioxidants for food and nutraceutical products as it contained the highest EGCG concentration as compared to seed and flesh
Authentication of Rusa timorensis DNA Using Sequencing Assay with Modified Extraction Method
Authors: Ishak Nooratiny , Mat Lazim Azwan
Published: September 2022

A technique to isolate DNA from deer meat was established to authenticate the deer species and was successfully extracted from deer meat. The method was based on the Epicentre MasterPureTM Complete DNA and RNA Purification Kit extraction kit with slight modification by increasing the volume of Proteinase K and RNase from 5 µL to 20 µL each. The recovery of deer DNA was then analysed by Polymerase Chain Reaction using cytochrome b gene oligonucleotide primers for the deer family, which targeted the mitochondrial DNA. The increasing volume of Proteinase K and RNase resulted in clean DNA and no smearing after performing Polymerase Chain Reaction. Furthermore, the amplified DNA product was extended to sequence assay to authenticate deer species above 95% maximum identification. The result showed that the increasing volume of Proteinase K and RNase offered a high yield of DNA recovery, which provided more than 100 ng per μL and was useful in validating animal-based sources, especially in deer products.
Travel Behaviour Impact on Muslim Identity and Halal Consumerism among Malaysian Young Travellers
Authors: Mohamed Ismail Risyawati , James Noh
Published: September 2022

Muslim travellers continue to impact the tourism and hospitality industry significantly. This study attempted to study 121 Muslim travellers’ consumption behaviour and how it affected their travel behaviour. The research used a quantitative approach via structured questionnaires. The study's motivation was to understand Muslim travellers' travel behaviour better to offer adequate support, particularly when heading to non-Muslim countries. Issues regarding the inability to find payer’s rooms and Halal food have always presented challenges to these travellers while they are on the road. Findings indicated that Muslim identity positively impacted Halal travel behaviour and Halal consumerism. Despite being far from home and in a new environment, Muslims will ensure to consume Halal products and services on the road. In conclusion, this study indicated that travelling Muslims would look for products and services that comply with Syari’ah and enable them to practise their Islamic faith while on the road. This outcome solidified the importance of Islamic tourism and hospitality, apart from catering to the Halal food supply in various nations, including non-Muslim countries, which also received throngs of Muslim travellers all year.
Halal Cosmetics: A Review on Halalan Toyyiban Concept in Soap Production
Authors: Nur Azira Tukiran  , Ahmad Anuar Nurul Aina
Published: September 2022

Soap is the oldest skin cleaner in the world. In the last few years, many people have been more concerned about the use of soap as the world faces the Covid-19 pandemic. In general, soap is also a cosmetic product that has been widely used among male and female consumers. Therefore, as a Muslim consumer, it is essential to know about the Halal cosmetic products used. In accordance with Halal cosmetics standards, the products must comply with the Halalan Toyyiban concept to ensure product quality and safety. Although cosmetic products have gained scientific advancement, the development of cosmetics such as Halalan Toyyiban products must be probed further to fulfil global demand adequately. Hence, this paper is aimed to study the concept of Halalan Toyyiban in soap production. The finding of this study shows that the Halal concept of soap can be determined through its ingredients and production process, whereas the Toyyiban concept is based on the safety and quality of the product. Furthermore, the finding of this study might benefit cosmetic manufacturers in promoting the Halalan Toyyiban concept in the global market.
PELATIHAN PROGRESSIVE MUSCLE RELAXATION TRAINING UNTUK MENGURANGI STRESS ACADEMIC REMAJA DI LINGKUNGAN LAHAN RAWA PANTI ASUHAN PUTERI INTAN SARI BANJARMASIN
Authors: Hayati Sri Ayatina , Aminah Aminah , Prasetia Muhammad Eka
Published: September 2022

Sejak adanya pandemi COVID-19 di seluruh dunia terutama di Indonesia semua pasti mendapatkan dampaknya. Salah satunya ialah lembaga panti asuhan, karena pasti akan menghambat sistem kinerja ajar mengajar di bidang pendidikan. Apalagi setiap sekolah melaksanakan pembelajaran melalui daring, dan tidak semua anak panti asuhan memiliki alat komunikasi untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Oleh sebab itu banyak terjadi stress academic pada remaja di panti asuhan dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran. Stres akademik biasanya disebabkan oleh hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan akademik yang dilakukan oleh siswa. Salah satu upaya konseling untuk mengurangi stres akademik pada siswa adalah Progressive   Muscle   Relaxation   Training. PMRT dapat digunakan untuk mengontrol kecemasan, stres atau ketegangan. Permasalahan tersebut dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) Remaja panti asuhan menunjukkan stress academic dalam menghadapi pembelajaran seperti terbatasnya media belajar daring dan jaringan untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring. (2) Belum adanya intervensi yang diberikan langsung dari pihak panti asuhan maupun lembaga lainnya. Tujuan dari pelatihan ini meliputi: (1) Memberikan informasi tentang cara mengatasi stress academic. (2) Memberikan pelatihan PMRT kepada remaja panti asuhan. Kegiatan ini mempunyai 4 (Empat) metode dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan sebagai berikut: Ceramah, Demonstrasi, Pelatihan dan Evaluasi. Khalayak sasaran pada kegiatan ini remaja panti asuhan puteri intan sari Banjarmasin. Gambaran bentuk evaluasi dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dianalisis secara umum gambaran dari tingkat stress academic remaja panti asuhan pada kategori sedang dan tinggi sebelum diberikan pelatihan PMRT. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan terjadi penurunan tingkat stress academic remaja panti asuhan puteri intan sari Banjarmasin menjadi rendah.Kata kunci : Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training, Stress Academic
Peran Fashion Blogger sebagai Gatekeeper dalam Membentuk Preferensi Pembaca terhadap Fashion Pria (Studi pada Fashion Blog Han Chandra)
Authors: Sihombing Doan Monang Yan Hero
Published: September 2022

Fashion blogger dengan memanfaatkan blog yang merupakan platform dari media baru dapat mempublikasikan beragam informasi mengenai mode dengan cepat tanpa batasan ruang dan waktu. Hal ini tentunya akan membuat khalayak dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi seputar dunia fashion terbaru yang mereka inginkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dan metode analisis studi kasus. Hasil wawancara dengan para informan, hasil observasi dan dokumen pendukung yang ditemukan di lapangan selanjutnya dianalisa dengan menggunakan teori gatekeeping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Han Chandra selaku fashion blogger melakukan proses gatekeeping dalam menentukan artikel yang akan dipublikasikan di fashion blog pribadi miliknya. Kegiatan gatekeeping dilakukan oleh Han Chandra dengan menyaring berbagai informasi yang ia temukan. Misalnya saja seperti fashion trend, inspirasi dari lingkungan sekitar, produk fashion terbaru, maupun fashion brand yang menjalin kerjasama dengannya. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa fashion blogger tidak hanya memberikan referensi fashion bagi pembacanya, tetapi juga mampu membentuk preferensi pembaca terhadap fashion pria.
Stereotip terhadap Etnis Tionghoa dalam Iklan Oronamin C Journey to The West
Authors: Ramadhan Benny Cahya , Trihartanto Febri , Pranata Zeintito
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini membahas Stereotip etnis tionghoa dalam Iklan Oronamin C Journey to West. Stereotip menjadi konsep penting dalam kajian tentang tanda, termasuk di dalamnya adalah kajian tentang tanda yang dihadirkan oleh iklan. Melalui salah satu kajian tentang stereotip dalam iklan, kita dapat melakukan kajian tentang hegemoni dari kelas berkuasa terhadap kelas yang lain. Stereotip adalah kepercayaan yang dianut  mengenai  kelompok atau individu berdasarkan pendapat dan sikap yang lebih dulu  terbentuk. Stereotip sebagai representasi terang-terangan namun sederhana yang mereduksi orang menjadi serangkaian ciri karakter yang dibesar-besarkan, dan biasanya bersifat negatif, baik secara historis dan budaya, antara masyarakat dan antara pengelompokan pria yang berbeda dalam satu masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semiotika Roland Bharthes. Setelah dilakukan penelitian dengan mengkaji iklan Oronamin C Versi  Journey to West, iklan ini menunjukan stereotip orang Tionghoa yang masih terjebak pada relasi monarki, dan membedakan antara raja yang manusia seutuhnya dan pengikutnya yang semi binatang.
Menepis Norma Standar Kecantikan Klasik dalam Iklan Adidas Edisi Find Your Right Fit
Authors: Aulia Nadia Putri , Adriansyah Ryan , Salsabila Sifa Aulia
Published: September 2022

Representasi perempuan yang ideal menjadi bagian penting dalam iklan. Hal ini diperkuat dengan adanya media sebagai ruang beriklan yang mana memiliki kekuatan besar dalam menyuburkan representasi ini. Tidak sedikit perempuan mulai mengubah penampilan dirinya agar sesuai dengan citra seorang perempuan yang ideal. Namun, seiring berkembangnya waktu, ranah iklan mulai mengalami perubahan, khususnya dalam memandang perempuan. Saat ini, iklan mulai berani mengubah persepsi mengenai representasi seorang perempuan. Maka dari itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan perlawanan terhadap representasi perempuan ideal dalam iklan Adidas Edisi Find Your Right Fit. Tinjauan teoritis dalam penelitian ini meliputi periklanan, representasi, media dan standar kecantikan, dan norma. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian semiotika Roland Barthes dengan cara menganalisis setiap adegan dalam iklan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iklan ini tidak menampilkan konstruksi iklan pada umumnya. Iklan ini menampilkan beberapa model perempuan yang berbeda dan tidak menunjukkan representasi mengenai perempuan yang ideal.
Insanity As A Legal Defense From A Historical Perspective
Authors: Khan Muhammad Siraj , Gul Noman , Farid Naghma
Published: September 2022

Crime and punishment go hand in hand. A crime is human conduct, prohibited by law, which harms the community at large and is, therefore, taken more seriously than a civil wrong that affects an individual or a particular group of individuals. Itis for some reason that, unlike a civil wrong, in the case of crime, thestate moves by itself against the wrongdoer and decides whether to prosecute him or not. The 'physical force' of the state or the 'sanction behind the law' is more obvious in the form of punishment when criminal law is violated or breached.
EFFECT OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MODULATORS ON OXIDATIVE-NITROSATIVE STRESS INDICATORS IN TISSUES OF THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS AFTER LAPARATOMY UNDER LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
Authors: Taran O.V. , Solovyova N.V.
Published: September 2022

This study is devoted to investigating the effect of NF-κB and Nrf2 transcription factor modulators on oxidative-nitrosative stress indicators in the tissues of the small intestine of rats after abdominal surgical trauma (laparotomy) under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammatory response (SIR). The study was performed on 35 Wister white male rats weighing 220-250 g, divided into 5 groups: the 1st (control) group included "sham-operated" animals; the 2nd group involved rats, who underwent laparotomy following the LPS-induced SIR modelling; the animals of the 3rd, 4th and 5th groups subjected to laparotomy following LPS-induced SIR and then for 7 days received ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an NF-κB activation inhibitor, in a dose of 76 mg/kg intraperitoneally, dimethyl fumarate, an Nrf2 inducer, in a dose of 15 mg/kg in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide solution, and a water-soluble form of quercetin in a dose of 100 mg/kg that is 10 mg/kg in terms of quercetin, respectively. The measurements were carried out in 7 days after the “sham” surgical operation and laparotomy. It has been found out that the use of ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, dimethyl fumarate, and water-soluble form of quercetin in case of the combined effects of surgical trauma (laparotomy) and LPS S. typhi significantly restrains the production of superoxide anion radical by various sources (microsomes and constitutive isoforms of NO-synthase, leukocyte NADPH-oxidase), total and inducible NO-synthase activity, formation of peroxynitrite in the tissues of the small intestine of rats. The study has also demonstrated the ability of dimethylfumarate, unlike ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and quercetin, to improve the constitutive synthesis of nitric oxide under experimental conditions.
PERSPECTIVE STRUCTURE OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AS AN EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Akimov O.Ye. , Solovyova N.V. , Mischenko A.V. , Nazarenko S.M. , Kostenko V.O.
Published: September 2022

In connection with the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022, in Ukraine, the educational space of our state found itself in the difficult conditions of martial law. Therefore, the system of higher medical education in Ukraine is now facing the problem of providing students with sound theoretical knowledge and practical skills that will be useful to them as future officers and soldiers of the medical service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. This requires changes in the curricula of many theoretical and practical disciplines, which are obligatory in the curriculum of the II (master's) level of higher education in the specialty 222 “Medicine”. The purpose of this work is to develop a plan for the restructuring of Pathophysiology as an educational discipline, in accordance with the conditions of martial law. Module №2 “Pathophysiology of Organs and Systems” should remain unchanged as each topic of the module highlights essential information on pathological conditions or processes that may occur in war and martial law conditions. Module №1 “General Pathophysiology” is a kind of introduction to the discipline and aims to teach the student to think operating by such categories as etiological factor, pathogenetic link, main link of pathogenesis, principles of pathogenetic therapy, etc. Also within this module, such pathological processes and conditions as various types of shock and coma are considered. To ensure a high-quality educational process under martial law, the following changes should take place in the structure of pathophysiology as an educational discipline: 1. Three new topics should be created by branching from the topic “Extreme states and terminal states” for classroom practical classes and include: “Extreme states and terminal states. Mechanisms of shock development”, “Mechanisms of the development of comatose states”, and “Pathogenesis of crash syndrome and burn disease”. 2. In order to free up hours for three new topics of practical classes, it is necessary to combine the following topics: “Inflammation” and “Fever” and “Damage of cell membranes” and “Informational aspects of disruption in the cell”.
KAJIAN KENYAMANANAN VISUAL MELALUI PENCAHAYAAN PADA RUANG KERJA
Authors: Adji Agus Ruminto
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Basically, humans need light to visually see an object. It is the light that is reflected by these objects so that we can see it clearly and the eyes are comfortable to see. A good workspace is a comfortable workspace to do a job so that work results are optimal. Visual comfort can be achieved if the points of visual comfort are applied optimally, among others, by conformity of the design with the recommended light standards and the arrangement of room layouts in accordance with the distribution of lighting. This paper is a brief study of visual comfort through the lighting system in the room. This paper aims to analyze lighting and furniture layout arrangements in order to obtain design proposals in the process of redesigning the general and staffing subdivision space at the Tegal City DPUPR office.Abstrak: Pada dasarnya manusia memerlukan cahaya untuk melihat secara visual suatu obyek/benda. Cahaya yang dipantulkan oleh objek-objek tersebutlah maka kita dapat melihatnya secara jelas dan mata nyaman untuk melihat. Ruang kerja yang baik adalah ruang kerja yang nyaman untuk melakukan suatu pekerjaan agar hasil kerja optimal. Kenyamanan visual dapat tercapai jika poin-poin kenyamanan visual teraplikasikan secara optimal antara lain dengan kesesuaian rancangan dengan standar terang yang direkomendasikan dan penataan layout ruangan yang sesuai dengan distribusi pencahayaan. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian singkat mengenai kenyamanan visual melalui sistem pencahayaan pada ruang. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pencahayaan dan penataan layout perabot guna mendapatkan usulan desain pada proses re-desain ruang subbag umum dan kepegawaian pada kantor DPUPR Kota Tegal.
POTENSI PENERAPAN KONSEP “LINGKUNGAN 20 MENIT” PADA KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Rahdini Nuzlia , Sardjono Agung Budi
Published: September 2022

Abstract: The 20-minute neighbourhood is becoming a popular concept today to create inclusive, livable, and sustainable residential areas. Namely by designing residential areas that are living locally, where residents can move and fulfill their daily lives just by walking for 20 minutes. To achieve this, it takes a residential area that has characteristics following the concept of a 20-minute neighbourhood. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This study aims to examine the elements of residential areas located in Krobokan Village, West Semarang District, so that its potential is known for the application of the concept 20-minute neighbourhood in Semarang City. The results of the study indicate that the residential areas have been following the characteristics of the concept of the 20-minute neighbourhood, namely an area equipped with various basic facilities with a short distance from the place of residence. It's just that the condition of the existing neighbourhood infrastructure is not yet walkable or friendly to pedestrians.Abstrak: Lingkungan 20 menit menjadi konsep yang populer saat ini untuk menciptakan suatu kawasan permukiman yang inklusif, layak huni, dan berkelanjutan. Yaitu dengan merancang kawasan permukiman yang bersifat living locally atau hidup secara lokal, dimana penghuninya dapat beraktivitas dan memenuhi kehidupan sehari – hari hanya dengan berjalan kaki selama 20 menit. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, dibutuhkan kawasan permukiman yang memiliki karakteristik sesuai dengan konsep lingkungan 20 menit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Bertujuan untuk mengkaji unsur – unsur kawasan permukiman yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Krobokan Kecamatan Semarang Barat, agar diketahui potensinya bagi penerapan konsep lingkungan 20 menit di Kota Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan permukiman telah memiliki kesesuai dengan karakteristik konsep lingkungan 20 menit, yakni kawasan yang dilengkapi dengan berbagai sarana fasilitas dasar dengan jarak yang dekat dari tempat tinggal. Hanya saja kondisi prasarana lingkungan yang ada belum walkable atau ramah bagi pejalan kaki.
IMPLEMENTASI TEORI GRIGG PADA PENGGAL JALAN ASIA AFRIKA KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Ismail Nurwidyah Azizah , Sari Suzanna Ratih
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Asia Afrika Street is often referred to as an open-air architectural museum in the city of Bandung because it has many buildings from the colonial era that are still preserved. With the potential of the placein in creasingly touris demand. So we need facilities and infrastructure can accommodate the needs of tourists. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of existing infrastructure in the field compared with Grigg's theory in the infrastructure engineering and management book. Knowing of the existing infrastructure can be used as a recommendation to improve or add facilities and infrastructure. The qualitative descriptive method by collecting data on urban infrastructure groups and conducting field observations to find out facts in the field which will then be compared with Grigg's theory. Data was collected in two ways, namely primary data collection obtained by direct observation and interviews with visitors and local communities, while secondary data has been collect from literature studies in the form of journals and books related to what was being studied. The results of this study are several shortcomings not accordance with Grigg's theory such as the unavailability of trash cans and also damage to other facilities and infrastructure.Abstrak: Jalan Asia Afrika sering disebut sebagai museum arsitektur terbuka Kota Bandung karena memiliki banyak bangunan peninggalan masa pemerintah kolonial yang masih terjaga keasliannya. Dengan potensi yang dimiliki, Jalan Asia Afrika semakin banyak diminati wisatawan. Sehingga diperlukan fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan wisatawan. Namun, yang terjadi dilapangan terdapat ketidaksesuaian infrastruktur pada Jalan Asia Afrika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi teori Grigg pada penggal Jalan Asia Afrika. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskrtiptif kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data mengenai kelompok infrastruktur kota dan melakukan observasi lapangan untuk mengetahui fakta dilapangan yang selanjutnya akan dibandingkan dengan teori Grigg. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu pengumpulan data primer yang diperoleh dengan cara observasi langsung di penggal Jalan Asia afrika dan wawancara dengan pengunjung maupun masyarakat setempat, sedangkan pengumpulan data sekunder diperoleh dari studi pustaka berupa jurnal dan buku yang terkait dengan apa yang diteliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat beberapa ketidaksesuaian infrastruktur pada Jalan Asia Afrika dengan teori dari Grigg seperti ketidaktersediaan tempat sampah, jembatan penyebrangan orang tidak dilengkapi dengan pelandaian untuk kaum disabilitas, dan juga terdapat beberapa kerusakan pada fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang lainnya.
STUDI KELAYAKAN FUNGSI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU KAWASAN PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA DEPOK
Authors: Akbar Fahmi Ali , Widjaja Hinijati , Krisantia Ina , Setiawan Eko Adhy
Published: September 2022

Abstract: The University of Indonesia (UI) is the benchmark for all universities in Indonesia. The University of Indonesia has several faculties and general (supporting) areas. One of them is the Library as an educational area, the University of Indonesia Library is expected to have more advantages compared to other educational areas. The incomplete supporting functions in the University of Indonesia Library Area and the untapped potential such as the Kenanga Lake in the same area can be a topic in developing the design. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the user's perception of the function of open space which is qualitative in nature and to map the user's behavioral tendencies. This is to find out the guidelines for library landscape design based on visitors' perceptions of the function of open spaces, where the knowledge, experience, and needs of visitors will be used as the basis for measuring the design of the library landscape. This study used a qualitative method with stratified random sampling using a closed Likert scale (1-5) questionnaire with primary and secondary data collection. Thus, this research and landscape design is expected to create an educational environment that becomes a better place to learn.Abstrak: Universitas Indonesia (UI) menjadi acuan bagi seluruh perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia memiliki beberapa fakultas dan umum (penunjang). Salah satunya Perpustakaan sebagai kawasan pendidikan, Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia diharapkan memiliki keunggulan lebih dibandingkan dengan kawasan pendidikan lainnya. Belum lengkapnya fungsi penunjang di Kawasan Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia dan potensi yang belum tergarap seperti Danau Kenanga di kawasan yang sama dapat menjadi topik dalam pengembangan desain. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji persepsi pengguna terhadap fungsi ruang terbuka yang bersifat kualitatif dan memetakan kecenderungan perilaku pengguna. Hal ini untuk mengetahui pedoman perancangan lansekap perpustakaan berdasarkan persepsi pengunjung terhadap fungsi ruang terbuka, dimana pengetahuan, pengalaman, dan kebutuhan pengunjung akan digunakan sebagai dasar pengukuran desain lansekap perpustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan stratified random sampling menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert tertutup (1-5) dengan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Dengan demikian, penelitian dan desain lansekap ini diharapkan dapat menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang menjadi tempat belajar yang lebih baik.
RUANG KOMUNAL UNTUK KEBERLANJUTAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU
Authors: Damayanti Resky Annisa , Jasjfi Elda Franzia
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Communal activity done by Minangkabau society until now. The need of communication and social activity with internal community and the change of places are meaningful to nation sustainability. Human needs to interior activities can be analyzed through cultural and interior design approach, to know the communal room’s role in Rumah Gadang and Minangkabau people’s house in urban area. This research aims to understand the concept of communal room in Rumah Gadang at West Sumatera including its meaning and philosophy, and to know the implementation of communal room in Minangkabau people’s house in urban area as social interaction sustainability of Minangkabau peoples nowadays. This research used qualitative method to describe the meaning, function, and philosophy of Rumah Gadang in Minangkabau and its sustainability in Minangkabau people’s houses in urban area. The data collecting method is documentation and interview with resources to know how they used the communal rooms in the Rumah Gadang Istana Basa Pagaruyung and two houses as study cases of this research. The result is description of Minangkabau people’s communal room in traditional Rumah Gadang to urban houses that carries Minangkabau philosophy in their implementation activities.Abstrak: Aktivitas komunal dilakukan oleh masyarakat Minangkabau sejak dulu hingga saat ini. Adanya kebutuhan masyarakat Minangkabau untuk tetap melakukan aktivitas komunikasi dan sosial bersama saudara sekaum, dan adanya perubahan tempat di mana kegiatan tersebut dilakukan merupakan kondisi sosial masyarakat Indonesia yang bermakna penting untuk keberlanjutan bangsa. Kebutuhan manusia dalam melakukan aktivitas di dalam ruang dapat dikaji melalui pendekatan budaya dan desain interior, sehingga dapat diketahui peran ruang komunal pada Rumah Gadang dan rumah tinggal masyarakat Minangkabau di perantauan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memahami konsep ruang komunal pada Rumah Gadang di Sumatera Barat meliputi makna dan filosofinya, serta mengetahui bagaimana implementasi ruang komunal pada rumah tinggal orang Minangkabau perantauan sebagai bentuk keberlanjutan interaksi sosial masyarakat Minangkabau saat ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan makna, fungsi dan falsafah ruang komunal Rumah Gadang di Minangkabau dan keberlangsungannya di rumah tinggal masyarakat Minangkabau di perkotaan. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode dokumentasi dan wawancara dengan narasumber untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan ruang komunal Rumah Gadang Istana Basa Pagaruyung dan dua buah rumah tinggal yang menjadi studi kasus penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah deskripsi ruang komunal masyarakat Minangkabau dari Rumah Gadang tradisional ke rumah tinggal di perantauan yang masih membawa falsafah adat Minangkabau dalam implementasi penggunaannya.