bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sporting Activities for Individuals Who Experienced Trauma During Their Youth: A Meta-Study
Authors: Massey William V. , Williams Toni L.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to critically examine the qualitative research on childhood trauma survivors’ experiences of sporting activities. A comprehensive search of health and social science databases, manual journal searches, and contact with experts yielded 7,395 records. Full-text screening resulted in a final sample of 16 studies. Meta-study methodology was used as a diagnostic tool to rigorously analyze the theory, methods, and findings of the included studies. Studies with explicit connections between philosophy, theory, and methodology resulted in a more robust and critical contribution to the literature. There was much diversity in terms of methodological approaches and qualitative methods which was important in revealing the multifaceted nature of experiences in sporting activities following trauma. Findings from the reviewed studies indicated that a sense of belonging, psychological escape, embodied experience, and the physical and social environmental are important considerations in the study of sporting activities for trauma survivors.
Promoting Healthy Relationships and Families: An Exploratory Study of the Perceptions of Resources and Information and Skill Needs Among Couples, Single Adults, and Parents
Authors: Cannon Jennifer L. , Murray Christine E.
Published: June 2019

As there is growing awareness of the importance of healthy relationships among helping professionals and the general population, there is a need to gain a greater understanding of the types of supportive resources and services that can help people build and maintain healthy relationships across different areas of life. This article addresses the findings from an exploratory research study that utilized a mixed-methods approach to examine couples, single adults, and parents’ perceptions of what resources are needed to promote healthy relationships and what barriers currently hinder them from seeking and obtaining such services. Results are discussed in context of the study’s limitations, and implications for practice and future researchers are addressed.
Much changes, much remains the same: Icelandic parents’ perspectives on preschool education
Authors: Einarsdottir Johanna
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study was to shed light on Icelandic parents’ views on their children’s preschool educations and explore if their views have changed over the last decade. In 2005/2006, focus group interviews were conducted with parents of 5- and 6-year-old children in three preschools in Iceland. In 2016, the same preschools were revisited, and now 26 parent participants were interviewed. Several challenges have been facing Icelandic early childhood education and care in the last decade. Iceland is faced with academic pushes and pressures to increase accountability. In addition, society is moving from a homogeneous to a multicultural nature. Therefore, it was of interest to explore if parents’ views had changed over the last decade. However, mostly parents of Icelandic origin were willing to participate. The findings from the present study therefore show the views of dominant Icelandic parents. The views of those parents have not changed much over the last decade, in spite of changes in the societal and educational landscape. They endorsed play as well as social and personal competences. The findings indicate that socio-cultural discourses are influential in shaping the narratives of participating parents. It seems that the parents were expressing ideas proposed by the Icelandic National Curriculum Guidelines for Preschools and their views reflect the dominant cultural values that are presented in the curriculum guidelines. One can assume that these cultural values reflected in the curriculum are stronger than the current neoliberal, global emphasis since the ideas of the participating parents had not changed significantly from the views of parents a decade ago, in spite of an international trend emphasising the academification of preschools and increasing multiculturalism in the country. Hence, the study shows clearly that despite neoliberal pressures, play and child-centred preschools remain a priority for Icelandic parents.
Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Nammour Michael , Desai Bhumit , Warren Michael , Sisco-Wise Leslie
Published: June 2019

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.
Preparation for Objective Structured Clinical Examination: A student perspective
Authors: Brown James
Published: June 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to explore how student Operating Department Practitioners prepared for an Objective Structured Clinical Examination.

Methods

A mixed methods design was used; questionnaires were used to gather data from a group of student Operating Department Practitioners on their Objective Structured Clinical Examination experience.

Results

The study found coping with anxiety and the level of information students receive are important issues in preparing for Objective Structured Clinical Examinations.

Discussion

Whilst preparation with the manikin is important, it may not be enough to fully prepare students for an Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Students also need to be given sufficient information so they fully understand the competencies they will be assessed against and receive support to cope with anxiety during the Objective Structured Clinical Examination.

Conclusion

Further research is needed to identify mechanisms for coping with anxiety and stress in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations.
Synthesis of cadmium hydroxide nanostructure via composite-hydroxide-mediated approach
Authors: Adnan J , Arfan M , Shahid T , Khan MZ , Masab R , Ramish AH , Ahtasham S , Wattoo AG , Hashim M , Zahoor A , Nasir MF
Published: June 2019

Polycrystalline cadmium hydroxide nanomaterials have successfully been synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated approach with growth time variation. The influence of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental, and optical properties was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of cadmium hydroxide along with rhombohedral impurity phase of cadmium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further endorsed the X-ray diffraction results and confirmed the Cd–O bonding vibrations. Time-dependent uniform distribution of spherical morphology was observed in the scanning electron micrographs of the product. The presence of cadmium and oxygen in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results fingerprinted the purity and formation of the desired nanomaterials. Crystallite size was decreased with the increase of growth time as estimated by the Debye–Scherrer method. Furthermore, the optical bandgap was measured by Tauc’s relation using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and found to be in the range of 3.2–3.5 eV.
Extreme Wind Events Influence Seed Rain and Seedling Dynamics of Guam’s Serianthes nelsonii Merr
Authors: Marler Thomas E. , Cruz Gil N.
Published: June 2019

The seasonal aspects of Guam’s Serianthes nelsonii seed rain quantity, new seedling emergence, and lifespan of newly emerged seedlings were determined by direct observations. Two high wind events in January and September 2013 generated 63% of the annual number of new seeds collected in litterfall. A defoliating tropical cyclone in May 2015 generated an abrupt increase in seedling emergence with 17% of the annual new seedling count emerging during the 4-week period after the tropical cyclone. Of the annual count of seedlings that lived longer than 2 weeks, 8% of them emerged during the 7 months prior to the tropical cyclone in May 2015. In contrast, 92% of these long-lived seedlings emerged during the 5 months immediately after the tropical cyclone. Mitigating the limitations to regeneration and recruitment of Serianthes nelsonii will likely require a change in approach for species recovery such that holistic habitat restoration becomes the goal rather than species recovery per se.
State–Media Consensus on Going to War? Australian Newspapers, Political Elites, and Fighting the Islamic State
Authors: Mulherin Peter E. , Isakhan Benjamin
Published: June 2019

This article assesses the link between the state and the media in their coverage of foreign policy decisions. It holds up to empirical scrutiny the claim that genuine press criticism can only occur within the bounds of political-elite debate. Taking the Australian government’s 2014 decision to fight the Islamic State as its case study, it explores areas of consensus and dissensus between political discourse and the media. Conducting a qualitative analysis of three media frames used by major newspapers, it tests the “indexing hypothesis” and concludes that some press coverage went beyond the parameters of political-elite debate. This finding of independent criticism has implications beyond the present case study, as it helps us better understand the role of the media in democracies—specifically, holding governments to account when sending their nations to war.
Eco-Moms and Climate Change: The Moderating Effects of Fertility in Explaining Gender Differences in Concern
Authors: Price Carmel E. , Bohon Stephanie A.
Published: June 2019

Women typically report greater concern for the environment, including climate change, than men. The eco-mom theory—the belief that women have greater environmental concern than men because mothers primarily care about the health and safety of their children, while fathers primarily care about the economic support of their household—is often proffered as an explanation for this difference. Researchers who have previously tested the eco-mom theory have narrowly operationalized parenthood; we are skeptical of this theory and believe it needs additional testing. We look at fertility in relation to concern for climate change using the 2010 General Social Survey. Modeling parenthood like previous studies, we find no differences in concern for climate change between women who have children and those who do not. Modeling fertility, we find that having more children is associated with less concern for climate change for women but not men. Additionally, we find no gender difference in concern for climate change for those with many children, but these findings are complicated by education. Overall, we refute the eco-mom theory and call for new climate change survey data that better capture gender roles and identity as well as more qualitative inquiries into public concern for climate change.
VUCA World: The Road Ahead for HR …
Authors: Sharma Amit , Sharma Lavina
Published: June 2019

In today’s volatile, complex and challenging times, organisational focus on employees requires a paradigm shift. Since the expectations and needs of the people living in this world is continuously changing, it becomes important to re-align the internal organisational processes in order to function effectively in the business. The purpose of the article is to identify the key areas in the domain of Human Resource which needs to be focused upon in these times. These focus areas can help HR professionals engage the talent better. The article also recommends that the HR professionals have to harness the power of human capital in order to bring transformation in the organisation.
Substance use and inhalation injury in adult burn patients: retrospective study of the impact on outcomes
Authors: Klifto Kevin M. , Quiroga Luis , Hultman C. Scott
Published: June 2019

Background

Substance use, alcohol use, and smoking use have all been associated with burn injury. Few studies have investigated associations with substances, alcohol, smoking, inhalational only burns, and patient outcomes. The purpose of the study was to identify risk factors for pulmonary failure in patients suffering inhalation injury, focusing on the impact of substance, alcohol, and cigarette use.

Methods

This is a single-center retrospective analysis of 115 patients admitted to the Johns Hopkins Bayview Burn Center with inhalational injury from January 1, 2010, through September 30, 2018. Patients were excluded if they were under the age of 18 years or had burn involvement of the skin > 5%. Primary outcome variables measured were if patients were intubated, length of total time intubated, substance use, alcohol use, and smoking use. Secondary outcome variables measured were types of substances used (amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, methadone, codeine/morphine), total number of substances used, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, secondary complications, and patient mortality. Analysis was performed with Fisher’s exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test. A sub-group analysis for each substance, alcohol, smoking, and control sub-group was compared to its respective sub-group without substance, alcohol, smoking, and control within the no intubation and intubation group. A sub-group analysis of substance use, alcohol use, smoking use, and control was further analyzed with binomial logistic regression within the intubation group.

Results

Following inhalation injury, 50/115 (43%) patients required intubation. Forty-two of the 50 (84%) patients intubated had substance use (p < 0.001). Thirty-one of the 50 (62%) patients intubated had history of smoking (p = 0.038). Among the specific substances used, 26/50 (52%) patients intubated were using benzodiazepines (p < 0.001) and 7/50 (14%) patients were using cocaine (p = 0.022). The lengths of intubation, ICU LOS, and hospital LOS with no substance use were shorter than with substance use (p < 0.001). Following the adjusted sub-group analysis, patients with substance use (odds ratio (OR) 6.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) [2.5–16.3]; p < 0.001) and smoking use (OR 2.5, 95% CI [1.2–5.1]; p = 0.013) were more likely to be intubated on admission than those without substance or smoking use.

Conclusions

In patients admitted with an inhalational injury with less than or equal to 5% external burns, the presence of a substance and smoking use on admission provides a further risk of intubation and respiratory compromise. Substance use on admission poses a greater risk of longer intubation, ICU LOS, and hospital LOS. A higher potential for substance use should be suspected in this patient population with prompt treatment.
Everything you wanted to know about e-cigarettes and vaping but were afraid to ask: a guide for mental health clinicians
Authors: Ker Suzy , Peckham Emily , Gilbody Simon , Bonner Susan
Published: June 2019

Mental health clinicians are expected to offer support and advice to patients to promote smoking cessation. Alongside this is the relatively new and increasingly popular phenomenon of electronic cigarette use. The absence of any long-term evidence regarding safety is recognised and clinicians' awareness of e-cigarettes may be limited to personal experience or media publications, leading to uncertainty in their confidence discussing e-cigarettes with patients, both in general and as an aid to quitting smoking. This article provides a historical and contemporary overview of e-cigarettes and vaping. The reader will gain an understanding of e-cigarette usage, risks and benefits, the current position on use of e-cigarettes in mental health settings, and tips on how to take an e-cigarette/vaping history and how to offer advice about use. This is achieved in the context of recent publications and national recommendations. Although the focus is primarily on the mental health patient, the article is of benefit to all health and social care professionals to help them develop an understanding of e-cigarettes as a tobacco-smoking cessation or harm-reduction aid.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After reading this article you will be able to:

•

provide a balanced overview of e-cigarette use

•

understand the risk reduction approach in the use of e-cigarettes versus tobacco smoking in people with mental illness

•

demonstrate the principles of taking a vaping history.

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

S.G. was chief investigator for the Smoking Cessation Intervention for Severe Mental Ill Health Trial (SCIMITAR) (HTA 11/136/52) and is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Yorkshire and Humber Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC YH). S.K. received an NIHR grant to part fund her research time for SCIMITAR. This article evolved from the SCIMITAR study.
F5-Peptide and mTORC1/rpS6 Effectively Enhance BTB Transport Function in the Testis—Lesson From the Adjudin Model
Authors: Mao Baiping , Li Linxi , Yan Ming , Wong Chris K C , Silvestrini Bruno , Li Chao , Ge Renshan , Lian Qingquan , Cheng C Yan
Published: June 2019

During spermatogenesis, the blood–testis barrier (BTB) undergoes cyclic remodeling that is crucial to support the transport of preleptotene spermatocytes across the immunological barrier at stage VIII to IX of the epithelial cycle. Studies have shown that this timely remodeling of the BTB is supported by several endogenously produced barrier modifiers across the seminiferous epithelium, which include the F5-peptide and the ribosomal protein S6 [rpS6; a downstream signaling molecule of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)] signaling protein. Herein, F5-peptide and a quadruple phosphomimetic (and constitutively active) mutant of rpS6 [i.e., phosphorylated (p-)rpS6-MT] that are capable of inducing reversible immunological barrier remodeling, by making the barrier “leaky” transiently, were used for their overexpression in the testis to induce BTB opening. We sought to examine whether this facilitated the crossing of the nonhormonal male contraceptive adjudin at the BTB when administered by oral gavage, thereby effectively improving its BTB transport to induce germ cell adhesion and aspermatogenesis. Indeed, it was shown that combined overexpression of F5-peptide and p-rpS6-MT and a low dose of adjudin, which by itself had no noticeable effects on spermatogenesis, was capable of perturbing the organization of actin- and microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons through changes in the spatial expression of actin- and MT-binding/regulatory proteins to the corresponding cytoskeleton. These findings thus illustrate the possibility of delivering drugs to any target organ behind a blood–tissue barrier by modifying the tight junction permeability barrier using endogenously produced barrier modifiers based on findings from this adjudin animal model.
Association Between Statin Use and Sex Hormone in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Cohort
Authors: Oluleye Oludamilola W , Kronmal Richard A , Folsom Aaron R , Vaidya Dhananjay M , Ouyang Pamela , Duprez Daniel A , Dobs Adrian S , Yarmohammadi Hirad , Konety Suma H
Published: June 2019

Purpose

Based on the 2018 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cholesterol guidelines, the number of individuals eligible for statin therapy to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk has greatly expanded. Statins inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis, which can impair gonadal steroidogenesis. We evaluated the effect of statins on endogenous sex hormones in a large epidemiological study.

Methods

A total of 6814 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants underwent the baseline examination. Of these, 6171 had measurements of serum sex hormones available: dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), SHBG, estradiol, and total and bioavailable testosterone. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the relationship of statin use with each sex hormone.

Results

A total of 345 women (17.4%) and 464 men (14.7%) were statin users (mean age, 67 years; 41% white, 29% black, 11% Chinese, and 19% Hispanic). Among the users vs nonusers of statins, the mean SHBG was 3.54 nmol/L (P < 0.01) lower in women and 3.37 nmol/L (P < 0.001) lower in men; the mean DHEA was 1.06 nmol/L (P < 0.05) lower in women and 0.70 nmol/L (P < 0.01) lower in men, after adjustment for potential confounders. With further propensity score adjustment, the mean DHEA and SHBG levels were 0.67 nmol/L (P < 0.05) and 3.49 nmol/L (P < 0.001) lower, respectively, for statin users vs nonusers. No statistically significant association was noted between estradiol, total testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone and statin use.

Conclusion

Statin users have lower levels of SHBG and DHEA. This is especially relevant owing to the increasing use of statin therapy.
Highly Aggressive Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Bowen James D.
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Newly introduced disease-modifying therapies offer greater efficacy than previous therapies but also have serious side effects. This article reviews factors useful in identifying those at risk of developing aggressive relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) and therapies available for treatment.

RECENT FINDINGS

Several factors predict aggressive MS, including demographic factors, relapses, symptom characteristics, MRI activity, and other biomarkers. These can be used to select patients for more aggressive therapies, including natalizumab, alemtuzumab, fingolimod, and ocrelizumab. Additional off-label treatments are available for patients with severe disease. The benefits and side effects of these treatments must be considered when making therapeutic decisions.

Selecting patients who are most appropriate for aggressive therapy involves considering risk factors for poor outcomes, early recognition of treatment failure, balancing treatment efficacy and side effects, and sharing the decision with patients to assist them in making optimal treatment choices. Vigilance for signs of treatment failure and early switching to more aggressive therapy are important components in optimal care.
Controversies in the Postoperative Management of the Critically Ill Heart Transplant Patient
Authors: Shen Tao , Huh Marc H. , Czer Lawrence S. , Vaidya Ajay , Esmailian Fardad , Kobashigawa Jon A. , Nurok Michael
Published: June 2019

Heart transplant recipients are susceptible to a number of complications in the immediate postoperative period. Despite advances in surgical techniques, mechanical circulatory support (MCS), and immunosuppression, evidence supporting optimal management strategies of the critically ill transplant patient is lacking on many fronts. This review identifies some of these controversies with the aim of stimulating further discussion and development into these gray areas.
Non–Antithrombin-Mediated Heparin Resistance During Cardiac Surgery: Two Case Reports
Authors: Edwards J. Kirk , Sniecinski Roman M. , Scott Korrin J.
Published: June 2019

It is well known that antithrombin (AT) deficiency results in decreased heparin sensitivity, also known as “heparin resistance.” However, non–AT-mediated causes of heparin resistance are generally poorly characterized and less prevalent in the literature. We present 2 case reports of non–AT-mediated heparin resistance during cardiac surgery due to paraproteinemia and hyperfibrinogenemia. These cases highlight the challenges posed by unusual conditions in achieving adequate anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The pros and cons of the treatment selections for these cases are discussed, and the potential complications of large doses of unfractionated heparin are considered.
Peripheral Nerve Block Efficacy on Refractory Neuralgia Complicating Ramsay Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Jacques Nicolas , Karoutsos Simon , Aubry Karine , Nathan-Denizot Nathalie
Published: June 2019

Several case studies have suggested the usefulness of peripheral nerve blocks in the management of various types of chronic pain that are unresponsive to standard medical treatment. We report here the case of a patient with severe neuralgia, secondary to Ramsay Hunt syndrome that was refractory to standard drug therapy. As a last resort, a block of the terminal branches of nervus intermedius was performed. Despite transient facial paralysis, pain was markedly reduced for 3 months with self-reported improved quality of life. To our knowledge, this block has never been described previously.
Tfap2a is a novel gatekeeper of nephron differentiation during kidney development
Authors: Chambers Brooke E. , Gerlach Gary F. , Clark Eleanor G. , Chen Karen H. , Levesque Anna E. , Leshchiner Ignaty , Goessling Wolfram , Wingert Rebecca A.
Published: June 2019

Renal functional units known as nephrons undergo patterning events during development that create a segmental array of cellular compartments with discrete physiological identities. Here, from a forward genetic screen using zebrafish we report the discovery that transcription factor AP-2 alpha (tfap2a) coordinates a gene regulatory network that activates the terminal differentiation program of distal segments in the pronephros. We found that tfap2a acts downstream of Iroquois homeobox 3b (irx3b), a distal lineage transcription factor, to operate a circuit consisting of tfap2b, irx1a, and genes encoding solute transporters that dictate the specialized metabolic functions of distal nephron segments. Interestingly, this regulatory node is distinct from other checkpoints of differentiation like polarity establishment and ciliogenesis. Thus, our studies reveal insights into the genetic control of differentiation, where tfap2a is essential to regulate a suite of segment transporter traits at the final tier of zebrafish pronephros ontogeny. These findings have relevance for understanding renal birth defects, as well as efforts to recapitulate nephrogenesis in vivo to facilitate drug discovery and regenerative therapies.
Type-B response regulators of rice play key roles in growth, development, and cytokinin signaling
Authors: Worthen Jennifer M. , Yamburenko Maria V. , Lim Jeewoo , Nimchuk Zachary L. , Kieber Joseph J. , Schaller G. Eric
Published: June 2019

Cytokinins are plant hormones that play critical roles in growth and development. Although cytokinin signaling is well characterized in the model dicot Arabidopsis, we are only beginning to understand its role in monocots such as rice and other cereals of agronomic importance. Here, we employed primarily a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing approach to characterize the roles played by a key family of transcription factors—the type-B response regulators (RRs)—in cytokinin signaling of the major crop species rice. Results from the analysis of single rr mutants as well as higher-order rr21/22/23 mutant lines reveal functional overlap as well as subfunctionalization within members of the gene family. Mutant phenotypes associated with decreased activity of rice type-B RRs include effects on leaf and root growth, inflorescence architecture, flower development and fertilization, trichome formation, and cytokinin sensitivity. Development of the stigma brush involved in pollen capture is compromised in the rr21/22/23 mutant, whereas anther development is compromised in the rr24 mutant. Novel as well as conserved roles for type-B RRs in the growth and development of a monocot as compared to dicots were identified.
Improved Rheological Properties of Organophilic-Clay Suspensions by a Simple Pretreatment with a Wet Type Jet Mill
Authors: Minase Makoto , Hayakawa Takayuki , Oya Mitsuru , Fujita Ken-ichi , Ogawa Makoto
Published: June 2019

Bentonite was purified using a dispersion-sedimentation method for the preparation of organically modified clays toward the possible optimization of their material performance as rheology controlling reagents. It was possible to classify bentonite into fractions of purified montmorillonite from aqueous suspension. Organic modification with dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride was done by a conventional ion exchange procedure applied for aqueous suspension of the purified bentonite, which was prepared by alteration of raw bentonite by the addition of sodium carbonate and subsequent jet milling. Organic modification of the raw bentonite without the pretreatment using jet milling was also done for comparison. This careful pretreatment followed by the ion exchange with dimethyldioctadecylammonium ion resulted in organophilic clay with improved viscosity and transparency of the suspension in toluene compared with those observed for dimethyldioctadecylammonium-bentonite prepared without the present jet-milling process. Moreover, the modified organophilic clay showed unique temperature dependent variation of viscosity, which is very important for practical application. The present jet-milling process is useful for other applications of organophilic clays and to the pretreatment of different materials.
Two-Dimensional Film Growth of Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin with the Aid of Solvent Coordination
Authors: Tomita Kazutaka , Shioya Nobutaka , Shimoaka Takafumi , Eda Kazuo , Hasegawa Takeshi
Published: June 2019

Since the performance of an organic film device largely depends on the molecular arrangement in the film, control of the arrangement is crucial. Low molecular-weight organic semiconductor compounds, however, tend to have the edge-on orientation spontaneously due to crystallization on an inert surface. In fact, orientation control of a high-crystallinity compound is often difficult especially on an inert surface. In the present study, a face-on crystalline thin film of zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) has readily been obtained on an inert surface by using solvent annealing (SA) with an appropriate solvent, formamide (FA). The prepared film is carefully analyzed by using the infrared (IR) p-polarized multiple-angle incidence resolution spectrometry (pMAIRS) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) techniques. The measurements show that an FA molecule coordinated on a zinc atom blocks the stacking interaction sites of the porphyrin ring, and instead the side to side interaction between the C–H group of the porphyrin rings and π orbital of the phenyl rings forms a two-dimensional sheet-like structure realizing face-on orientation.
Surface-Based Nanoplasmonic Sensors for Biointerfacial Science Applications
Authors: Jackman Joshua A , Ferhan Abdul Rahim , Cho Nam-Joon
Published: June 2019

The design and application of surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors has spurred broad interest from the chemical science community, touching upon diverse topics such as plasmonics, nanoscience, surface chemistry, measurement analysis, and interfacial science. One of the most exciting areas involves taking advantage of the simple instrumental requirements and high surface sensitivity of these sensing devices to study biomacromolecules and biological nanoparticles. In this Account, we present a narrative summary describing our recent work to explore surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors for biointerfacial science applications and outlining our perspective on possible future directions. After introducing the basic design concepts and measurement principles behind surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors, we focus on critically discussing recent application examples from our laboratory, where the high surface sensitivity of surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors proved useful for studying lipid vesicles, supported lipid bilayers, virus-like particles, proteins, and peptides. The potential of integrating surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors with other surface-sensitive measurement techniques is also discussed. Looking forward, there is excellent potential to continue using surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors for biointerfacial science applications and numerous innovation opportunities exist from fundamental and applied perspectives.
The Project «Healthy Kindergarten» as a Social and Pedagogical Innovation
Authors: Семенова Татьяна , Semenova Tatiana
Published: June 2019

The author reveals the content of the project «Healthy kindergarten – 2035» and analyzes the results of the research conducted in the framework of this project by teachers of the Department of Theory and methodology of preschool education of Moscow state pedagogical University (MSU). The purpose of the study: to identify the opinion of teachers of preschool educational organizations in Moscow and the Moscow region on the possibility of implementing the project «Healthy kindergarten – 2035»?

Research problem:

1) identification of ideas of teachers of preschool organizations on the relationship of modern education with social values;

2) assessment of opportunities for the introduction of innovative technologies while maintaining traditional approaches to the implementation of the educational process in kindergarten, the definition of barriers;

3) designing the image of a «Healthy kindergarten» of the future.
The Mass Media and Its Role in the Formation of Moral Values of Students
Authors: Абоимов К. , Aboimov K.
Published: June 2019

Relevance is determined by the fact that reporting information, the media cause young people certain feelings, views, impressions, according to which young people are formed certain behaviors. Problem: in the media, methods of subconscious influence on people are widely used, when the attitude of society to certain phenomena is formed with the help of stereotypical ideas that are introduced into the news flow, automatically causing a negative or positive reaction to a particular event in the mass consciousness. The author examines the state of moral values of students and their use of the media. It was found that the main value for today's youth is the family (57% of respondents), in second place – a business career (41%), the third – profession and education (39%), material wealth (29%), followed by orientation to values such as health (25%), love and favorite work (22%), creativity (4%) and "sport and service to the Motherland" (3%). The subject of information sites tends to converge with the needs of the audience, but not in all its sections. The most interesting topics for young people are domestic policy (32.4%), family (18.3%) and culture (8.9%). Modern youth in their assessments of the media agree that they are one of the determining in the process of socialization and the formation of value orientations of each individual. As the main consumer of mass media products, young people to some extent force them to shape their work in accordance with their interests and tastes.
The interaction of educational science and the system of national education as a controlled process
Authors: Турбовской Яков , Turbovskoy Yakov
Published: June 2019

On the basis of a systematic study, the regularities of managing the process of interaction between pedagogical science and education, ensuring the advanced functions of pedagogical science, the objective existence of the level of perception and the use of scientific knowledge in the teaching process are revealed.
Russian language: between dislike and love
Authors: Турбовской Яков , Turbovskoy Yakov
Published: June 2019

In modern conditions, no one needs to convince anyone how relevant everything is connected with the Russian language, how unacceptably low is the effectiveness of his teaching in school. And we, following the author, cannot but ask ourselves a set of questions that are crucial in the full sense of the word. Do we want the Russian language not only to be inferior in the number of speakers of the most common languages, but also to occupy a leading place in the modern world? Do we want to. for the state Russian language to become native for every citizen of our country? Do we consider the current situation to be normal when Russians and Russian-speaking flyers receive unsatisfactory marks in the Russian language? And, finally, why is the efficiency of teaching Russian in school so low, and what should and can be done to change the situation radically?
It is extremely important that in this book the well-known teacher Ya.S. Turbovsky not only analyzes the current state of Russian
language, and these are undoubtedly relevant to each of us questions are put, but the countries, school, each family need answers and, which is especially significant and vital, the ways of achieving them are revealed.
The language of the book, its undisguised publicism, adequate to the relevance of the modern state not only of the Russian language itself, but of the whole complex of problems connected with the teaching and knowledge of this great language, will undoubtedly strengthen its influence not only on specialists, methodologists, teachers, but also on mass reader.
Hydrogeology
Authors: Серебряков Олег , Serebryakov Oleg , Ушивцева Любовь , Ushivtseva Lyubov , Жигульская Оксана , Zhigul'skaya Oksana , Серебряков Андрей , Serebryakov Andrey
Published: June 2019

The relevance of the present textbook is that it conforms to modern requirements of the training program of the last generation of discipline "Hydrogeology" and is intended to students of secondary professional education in the Hydrogeology direction, specialties of Science about Earth.
The underground waters making one of earth covers - the hydrosphere of a subsoil, play an important role in transfer of various substances, in particular components of mineral deposits, in activity of people. The person uses underground waters as a water supply source (fresh waters), in the medical purposes (mineral and balneological waters), in production activity for power production and heating (hydrothermal waters), for extraction of rare and valuable components (industrial waters), in technological processes, for melioration, etc.
The textbook accompanies development of knowledge of disciplines "The general hydrogeology", "Lithology", "Structural geology", "Minerals", "Hydrogeology and engineering geology" and to other Sciences about Earth.
Międzykulturowe typy tożsamości – pomiędzy integracją a asymilacją
Authors: Paleczny Tadeusz
Published: June 2019

INTERCULTURAL TYPES OF IDENTITY – BETWEEN INTEGRATION AND ASSIMILATIONThe article is an atempt to systematise dominating approaches in sociology and cultural studies how to describe relations present in societies – today becoming to much lesser extent monoethnic. The cultural, national, ethnic, religious or linguistic diversity constitute exemples of areas where the diverse elements are present. Assimilation, accommodation, integration or separation are a start point in the study on contemporary intercultural identity types.
Медже памятю і історийом
Authors: Nora Pierre
Published: June 2019

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Finding out the truth
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: June 2019

Lying is a natural part of children's developing communication skills and self awareness, and can be both pro and anti-social. Paula Brown explores why children might lie and how it affects their self-esteem.
Saying thank you to Dad
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: June 2019

Make the most of Father's Day on 16 June to organise Personal, Social and Emotional Development activities which encourage children to talk about their fathers and their family life at home.
Buttercups and daisies
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: June 2019

Wild flowers such as daisies, buttercups and dandelions may be considered weeds but they have a special place in childhood and provide a great resource for Expressive Arts and Design projects.
Tantrums, tears and fun
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: June 2019

The books of Tony Ross are packed with humour and misdeeds that are engaging to young children. Use them to develop Communication and Language skills that involve attentive listening and self-expression.
Generic implant classification enables comparison across implant designs: the Dutch Arthroplasty Register implant library
Authors: Denissen Geke A. W. , van Steenbergen Liza N. , Lollinga Wouter T. , Verdonschot Nico J. J. , Schreurs Berend W. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H.
Published: June 2019

In the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI), the product and batch number of prosthetic components and cement are registered for traceability. Registration of the product number provides opportunities to extend the information about a specific prosthesis. All product numbers used from the beginning of the registration in 2007 were characterized to develop and maintain an implant library. The Scientific Advisory Board developed a core-set that contains the most important characteristics needed to form an implant library. The final core-set contains the brand name, type, coating and material of the prosthesis. In total, 35 676 product numbers were classified, resulting in a complete implant library of all product numbers used in the LROI. To improve quality of the data and increase convenience of registration, the LROI implemented barcode scanning for data entry into the database. In 2017, 82% of prosthetic components and cement stickers had a GS1 barcode. The remaining product stickers used HIBCC barcodes and custom-made barcodes. With this implant library, implants can be grouped for analyses at group level, e.g. evaluation of the effect of a material of a prosthesis on survival of the implant. Apart from that, the implant library can be used for data quality control within the LROI database. The implant library reduces the registration burden and increases accuracy of the database. Such a system will facilitate new designs (learning from the past) and thus improve implant quality and ultimately patient safety.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180063
Orthopaedic registries: the German experience
Authors: Jansson Volkmar , Grimberg Alexander , Melsheimer Oliver , Perka Carsten , Steinbrück Arnd
Published: June 2019

National joint registries are gaining more and more importance in the fields of implant monitoring/outlier detection and quality of care. The German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD) was established in 2010 for the purpose of observing the impact of primary hip and knee arthroplasty on the German population. Having now over one million documentations, we introduce the structure of the EPRD and detail the process of data collection. We report on some preliminary trends and contrast these with findings from other joint registries. We introduce the overhauled Arthroplasty Library, that resulted from an international collaboration with National Joint Registry of England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180064
MoM total hip replacements in Europe: a NORE report
Authors: Pijls Bart G. , Meessen Jennifer M. T. A. , Tucker Keith , Stea Susanna , Steenbergen Liza , Marie Fenstad Anne , Mäkelä Keijo , Cristian Stoica Ioan , Goncharov Maxim , Overgaard Søren , de la Torre Jorge Arias , Lübbeke Anne , Rolfson Ola , Nelissen Rob G. H. H.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip replacement (THR) in European registries, to assess the incidence of revision surgery and to describe the national follow-up guidelines for patients with MoM THR including resurfacings. Eleven registries of the Network of Orthopaedic Registries of Europe (NORE) participated totalling 54 434 resurfacings and 58 498 large stemmed MoM THRs. The resurfacings and stemmed large head MoM had higher pooled revision rates at five years than the standard total hip arthroplasties (THA): 6.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.3 to 6.8 for resurfacings; 6.9%, 95% CI 4.4 to 9.4 for stemmed large head MoM; and 3.0%, 95% CI 2.5 to 3.6 for conventional THA. The resurfacings and stemmed large head MoM had higher pooled revision rates at ten years than the standard THAs: 12.1%, 95% CI 11.0 to 13.3 for resurfacings; 15.5%, 95% CI 9.0 to 22 for stemmed large head MoM; and 5.1%, 95% CI 3.8 to 6.4 for conventional THA. Although every national registry reports slightly different protocols for follow-up, these mostly consist of annual assessments of cobalt and chromium levels in blood and MRI (MARS) imaging.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180078
Meniscal allograft transplants and new scaffolding techniques
Authors: Pereira Hélder , Fatih Cengiz Ibrahim , Gomes Sérgio , Espregueira-Mendes João , Ripoll Pedro L. , Monllau Joan C. , Reis Rui L. , Oliveira J. Miguel
Published: June 2019

Clinical management of meniscal injuries has changed radically in recent years. We have moved from the model of systematic tissue removal (meniscectomy) to understanding the need to preserve the tissue. Based on the increased knowledge of the basic science of meniscal functions and their role in joint homeostasis, meniscus preservation and/or repair, whenever indicated and possible, are currently the guidelines for management. However, when repair is no longer possible or when facing the fact of the previous partial, subtotal or total loss of the meniscus, meniscus replacement has proved its clinical value. Nevertheless, meniscectomy remains amongst the most frequent orthopaedic procedures. Meniscus replacement is currently possible by means of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) which provides replacement of the whole meniscus with or without bone plugs/slots. Partial replacement has been achieved by means of meniscal scaffolds (mainly collagen or polyurethane-based). Despite the favourable clinical outcomes, it is still debatable whether MAT is capable of preventing progression to osteoarthritis. Moreover, current scaffolds have shown some fundamental limitations, such as the fact that the newly formed tissue may be different from the native fibrocartilage of the meniscus. Regenerative tissue engineering strategies have been used in an attempt to provide a new generation of meniscal implants, either for partial or total replacement. The goal is to provide biomaterials (acellular or cell-seeded constructs) which provide the biomechanical properties but also the biological features to replace the loss of native tissue. Moreover, these approaches include possibilities for patient-specific implants of correct size and shape, as well as advanced strategies combining cells, bioactive agents, hydrogels or gene therapy. Herein, the clinical evidence and tips concerning MAT, currently available meniscus scaffolds and future perspectives are discussed.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180103