bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЗМІНИ ВМІСТУ ОКИСНО МОДИФІКОВАНИХ ПРОТЕЇНІВ У ЩУРІВ-САМИЦЬ З ПАТОЛОГІЄЮ ЯЄЧНИКІВ ТА КОРЕКЦІЯ ЇХ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ ІНОЗИТОЛУ
Authors: Терлецька Н. Ю. , Денефіль О. В.
Published: October 2023

РЕЗЮМЕ. Проблема безпліддя є на сьогодні досить актуальною. Серед факторів його розвитку є вік, стреси, малорухомий спосіб життя, токсична дія солей важких металів. При цьому відбувається руйнування клітинних мембран, до складу яких входять білки і фосфоліпіди. Застосування інозитоловмісних препаратів сприяє відновленню білків, що покращує репродуктивну функцію.
Мета – оцінка розвитку карбонільного стресу у щурів-самиць з патологією яєчників та проведеної корекції препаратами інозитолу (Ін).
Матеріал і методи. Досліди виконано на 144 білих щурах-самицях лінії Вістар, яких поділено на 4 серії: 1 – контроль, 3,5–4-місячні щури, 2 – щури 7,5–8 місяців, 3 – щури, яким 15 днів інтрагастрально вводили розчин ацетату свинцю у дозі 0,05 мг/кг, 4 – гіподинамічний стрес. У кожній серії було по 6 груп тварин: А – контроль (К), Б – Ін, В – FT 500 plus (FT), Г – вагітність, Д – вагітність + Ін, Е – вагітність + FT. Ін та FT вводили інтрагастрально 15 днів з розрахунку 400 мг/кг Ін. Визначали у сироватці крові та яєчниках окисно модифіковані протеїни при довжинах хвиль 370, 430, 530 нм.
Результати. У сироватці крові К Ін спричинив зростання ОМП370 і ОMП430, а FT – зменшення ОMП430. У 2А, 3А, 4А, порівняно з 1А, зросли всі ОМП. У 2Б, 3Б, 4Б і 2В, 3В, 4В, порівняно з 2А, 3А і 4А, зменшилися усі ОМП, але вони не досягали 1Б і 1В.
При розгляді яєчників тварин 1 серії, яким уводили Ін, порівняно з К, відмічено гіперемію. Ін і FT спричинили зростання ОМП370 і ОMП430, зменшення ОMП530, а FT – зменшення ОMП430 у сироватці крові. У 2А, 3А і 4А, порівняно з 1А, зросли всі ОМП. У 2Б, 3Б, 4Б і 2В, 3В, 4В, порівняно з 2А, 3А і 4А, зменшилися усі ОМП, але вони не досягали значень щурів 1Б і 1В.
У К самиць-породіль, яким до вагітності уводили Ін і FT, ОМП у сироватці крові були значно меншим. У 2Г, 4Г, порівняно з 1Г, зросли усі ОМП, у 3Г – ОМП370. У 2Д, 4Д і 2Е, 3Е, 4Е, порівняно з 2Г, 3Г і 4Г, зменшилися усі ОМП, а у 3Д – О??МП370.
У К самиць-породіль, яким до вагітності уводили Ін і FT ОМП у яєчниках були значно меншими. У 2Г, порівняно з 1Г, зросли ОМП370  і ОMП430, у 3Гі 4Г – усі ОМП. У 2Д, 4Д і 2Е, 3Е, 4Е, порівняно з 2Г, 3Г і 4Г, зменшилися усі ОМП, а у 3Д – ОМП370 і ОMП430.
Висновок. Препарати інозитолу у дозі 400 мг/кг не доцільно використовувати в експерименті у здорових молодих щурів-самиць. У 7,5–8 місячних самиць, у тварин, які зазнали впливу нанодоз ацетату свинцю, гіподинамічного стресу оптимальними для зменшення руйнування білків є як інозитол, так і FT 500 plus, хоча й останній ефективніший. Ефективність при застосуванні перед вагітністю як інозитолу, так і FT 500 plus висока, що проявляється меншим накопиченням окисно модифікованих протеїнів як у сироватці крові, так і у яєчниках щурів після пологів.
Detetives da comida: o que comemos e por que comemos o que comemos?
Authors: Koffler Sheina ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Estudos Avançados, Laham Beatriz Sinelli ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências, Goes Vanessa ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Química, Saraiva Antonio Mauro ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica
Published: October 2023

Antes de começar nossa caminhada no tema da alimentação, é importante que você compreenda um pouco mais sobre quem somos e o que estamos abordando aqui neste livreto. Quem somos? As pessoas que começaram a escrever este livreto fazem parte do Clube Brasileiro de Saúde Planetária (CBSP). Fazem parte desse clube estudantes universitários de todo o país e de praticamente todas as áreas de estudo! E tem mais: essa iniciativa só construiu esse material por causa do apoio de muitas pessoas, inclusive de fora do clube. E isso já nos leva a responder à segunda pergunta. O que estamos abordando aqui? Este livreto é fruto de uma decisão coletiva, baseada na união de pessoas que decidiram agir em defesa da saúde das pessoas e do planeta. E sim, esse é um trabalho gigante! Mas, trabalhando em equipe, não é tão difícil assim! Inclusive porque já existem cientistas falando que, na verdade, a saúde das pessoas e a do planeta é a mesma! Olha o que eles falam: Saúde Planetária é sobre alcançar o maior padrão possível de saúde, bem-estar e equidade em todo o mundo, com atenção aos sistemas humanos — políticos, econômicos e sociais — que definem o futuro da humanidade e dos sistemas naturais da Terra, estabelecendo limites ambientais para que a humanidade possa florescer. Essa grande aliança pela saúde planetária é o que faz a nossa força. E isso nos leva a entendermos o porquê de produzirmos este livreto: porque precisamos cada vez mais de pessoas defendendo o meio ambiente e a saúde das pessoas. Hoje, começamos nossa caminhada abordando o tema alimentação e onde plantamos nossa comida. Contamos com a sua ajuda para somar esforços nesse percurso!
Cartilha para quem ensina: material de apoio do livreto didático: “Detetives da comida: o que comemos e por que comemos o que comemos?”
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências, Laham Beatriz Sinelli , Arruda Luís Gustavo ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências, Koffler Sheina ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Estudos Avançados, Goes Vanessa ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Química, Saraiva Antonio Mauro ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica, Carvalho Aline Martins de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública
Published: October 2023

"A Saúde Planetária é uma área de estudo que reúne de forma interdisciplinar a saúde humana e suas relações com a saúde dos ecossistemas. Embora seja um campo em grande expansão frente aos desafios das mudanças globais recentes, trata-se de um assunto ainda pouco abordado no ensino básico e em escolas. Para suprir esta lacuna, nesta cartilha tratamos o tema da Segurança e Soberania Alimentar sob a perspectiva da Saúde Planetária. O material serve de apoio ao livreto didático “Detetives da comida: o que comemos e por que comemos o que comemos?”, que traz uma Sequência Didática para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II. Assim, a presente cartilha traz subsídios teóricos e práticos para aplicação da sequência didática por professores em sala de aula, bem como possibilita adaptações ao contexto e realidade de cada escola. Os temas abordados incluem: ciência cidadã, ensino por investigação, educomunicação, segurança e soberania alimentar e nutricional."
Information-Restricted Neural Language Models Reveal Different Brain Regions’ Sensitivity to Semantics, Syntax, and Context
Authors: Pasquiou Alexandre , Lakretz Yair , Thirion Bertrand , Pallier Christophe
Published: October 2023

A fundamental question in neurolinguistics concerns the brain regions involved in syntactic and semantic processing during speech comprehension, both at the lexical (word processing) and supra-lexical levels (sentence and discourse processing). To what extent are these regions separated or intertwined? To address this question, we introduce a novel approach exploiting neural language models to generate high-dimensional feature sets that separately encode semantic and syntactic information. More precisely, we train a lexical language model, GloVe, and a supra-lexical language model, GPT-2, on a text corpus from which we selectively removed either syntactic or semantic information. We then assess to what extent the features derived from these information-restricted models are still able to predict the fMRI time courses of humans listening to naturalistic text. Furthermore, to determine the windows of integration of brain regions involved in supra-lexical processing, we manipulate the size of contextual information provided to GPT-2. The analyses show that, while most brain regions involved in language comprehension are sensitive to both syntactic and semantic features, the relative magnitudes of these effects vary across these regions. Moreover, regions that are best fitted by semantic or syntactic features are more spatially dissociated in the left hemisphere than in the right one, and the right hemisphere shows sensitivity to longer contexts than the left. The novelty of our approach lies in the ability to control for the information encoded in the models’ embeddings by manipulating the training set. These “information-restricted” models complement previous studies that used language models to probe the neural bases of language, and shed new light on its spatial organization.
Asymmetric Error Correction in the Synchronization Tapping Task
Authors: Tomyta Kenta , Ohira Hideki , Katahira Kentaro
Published: October 2023

In synchronization tapping tasks, tapping onset often precedes metronome one by a few tens of milliseconds, which is known as negative mean asynchrony. However, the mechanism by which negative mean asynchrony occurs remains incompletely understood. This study hypothesized that one of the mechanisms was the asymmetric error correction process for asynchrony. We examined this hypothesis using a generalized linear mixed model. The results suggested that the error correction rate for the positive asynchrony was larger than that for the negative asynchrony. This finding may contribute to improving mathematical models of the synchronization tapping task.
Bellactis lux n. sp. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Aiptasiidae), a new sea anemone from the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: DELGADO ALONSO , LARSON PAUL , SHERIDAN NANCY , DALY MARYMEGAN
Published: October 2023

Here we describe a new species of sea anemone from the family Aiptasiidae based on specimens collected from the Gulf of Mexico (USA: Florida & Alabama). Accounts of this species have been known since the early 1990’s, primarily from an underwater field guide and hobbyist aquarium literature under the name “Lightbulb Anemone.” We describe it as a new species from the genus Bellactis based on anatomy, histology, and cnidom. Members of this species are small in size, with a smooth, typically contracted column divided into regions based on color and bearing rows of two or three elevated cinclides in the mid column. Their tentacles are distinctive, translucent, distally inflated and can be bulbous in shape, with sub annular rings. This description synthesizes information about Bellactis and contextualizes what is known about its diversity in light of other members of the Aiptasiidae.
Multi-period empty container repositioning approach for multimodal transportation
Authors: Chi Meiyan , Zhu Xiaoning , Wang Li , Zhang Qin , Liu Wenqian
Published: October 2023

Due to the trade imbalance and poor management, a large number of empty containers are piled up after unpacking in importing regions, while the export-oriented areas are in urgent need of empty containers for replenishment. This paper aims to determine the volume of empty containers transferred from the surplus area to the shortage area and the inventory of each node from the operational level. We subdivide container freight stations into rail stations and road stations and consider using sea, road, and railway as transportation modes to transfer empty containers. A multi-period linear programing model of multimodal empty container repositioning is established aiming at minimizing the cost of empty container repositioning. A real case study of the transportation network in Northeast China is conducted to demonstrate that using multiple modes of transportation can significantly reduce the cost of empty container repositioning compared to using a single mode of transportation.
The Harwood Manufacturing Corporation and the International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union: A Case of Role Reversal
Authors: Burnes Bernard , Warner Burke W.
Published: October 2023

In the 1940s, Alfred Marrow and the Harwood Manufacturing Corporation played a key role in laying the foundations of participative management. Concurrently, they were also accused of being antitrade union. These accusations resurfaced in the 1960s with the publication of five articles in Trans-Action, which were initiated by William Gomberg, a former International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union (ILGWU) official. This paper examines those articles and Gomberg's relationship with Harwood. It draws particular attention to the “a role reversal in the running of factories” whereby Harwood sought to democratize many of its practices by giving some control to workers, whilst the ILGWU sought to act more like an employer by taking on the industrial engineering role of managers in determining methods and times for jobs. The paper concludes that there is little evidence of antitrade unionism, there was a clash between Harwood's worker-centered approach to industrial democracy and ILGWU's industrial engineering-centered approach.
BEYOND RELIGION
Authors: Pelizzo Riccardo , Kuzenbayev Nygmetzhan
Published: October 2023

By equating the traditional mindset with traditional beliefs (in magic, ritual, superstitions, etc.), several studies have consistently shown that such beliefs significantly influence people's political behavior and preferences. While these studies have highlighted the political consequences of a traditional mindset in several countries from the Global South, they nevertheless have little to say as to whether holding superstitious beliefs (e.g., believing in fortune tellers, horoscopes, or lucky charms) has certain political implications for countries in the Global North. In this article, we explore whether the traditional mindset has political consequences even in an industrially advanced Germany. We present an analysis of data from the German General Social Survey (GESIS 2019) showing that superstitious voters have less trust in the political system, are more inclined to think that Hitler would be remembered as a good stateman if he had not perpetrated the Holocaust, that the Nazi regime also had a good side, and that the Jews are different and, in any case, have too much influence. Hence, dissemination of superstitious beliefs could make right‐wing populists more electorally appealing and successful than they once were. We believe our findings to be of some importance as they show that if the proliferation of superstitious beliefs continues unchecked, they may transform our political systems in ways that policy makers and democratic forces should strive to avoid.
Less than ideal victims: Understanding barriers to Queer men’s recognition of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence through Christie’s ‘Ideal Victim’ framework
Authors: McAulay Joseph Patrick
Published: October 2023

Queer men who experience Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) from male romantic partners have long struggled to recognise that they are being abused or to identify themselves as victims. I argue that Nils Christie’s framework of the Ideal Victim can help us to understand the cultural and social dynamics which work to prevent these men from identifying their experiences as forms of victimisation. This paper uses data gathered from interviews with Queer male victims of male-perpetrated IPV to investigate this potential relationship, attempting to find out how the men understood their experiences of violence and abuse in relation to wider cultural norms and images of victimisation. This analysis reveals two key themes. First, within the men’s accounts, the images of the Ideal Victim and Offender are heavily gendered and because of this, the men struggled to relate their own experiences of victimisation to what they perceive to be the heavily feminised figure of the Ideal Victim. Second, within the men’s account, there was a ‘Public Story’ of IPV in which relationship abuse had to be physical, frequent, and all-consuming to be taken seriously. This ‘Public Story’ constrained the men’s ability to understand their partner’s actions as IPV and made them doubt the validity and legitimacy of their own experiences in which emotional manipulation and psychological abuse were often more frequent and devastating than physical assault. From these findings, I argue that there is an urgent need to confront the Public Story of IPV and its related Ideal Victim to craft more inclusive public narratives of relationship abuse in which Queer male victims can find legitimacy and support for their experiences.
Multidimensional Analysis of Willingness to Share Rides in a Future of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Magassy Tassio B. , Batur Irfan , Mondal Aupal , Asmussen Katherine E. , Bhat Chandra R. , Pendyala Ram M.
Published: October 2023

A sustainable transportation future is one in which people eschew personal car ownership in favor of using autonomous vehicle (AV)-based ridehailing services in a shared mode. However, the traveling public has historically shown a disinclination toward sharing rides and carpooling with strangers. In a future of AV-based ridehailing services, it will be necessary for people to embrace both AVs as well as true ridesharing to fully realize the benefits of automated and shared mobility technologies. This study investigated the factors influencing willingness to use AV-based ridehailing services in the future in a shared mode (i.e., with strangers). This was done through the estimation of a behavioral model system on a comprehensive survey data set that included rich information about attitudes, perceptions, and preferences pertaining to the adoption of AVs and shared mobility modes. The model results showed that current ridehailing experiences strongly influenced the likelihood of being willing to ride AV-based services in a shared mode. Campaigns that provide opportunities for individuals to experience such services firsthand would potentially go a long way to enabling a shared mobility future at scale. In addition, several attitudinal variables were found to strongly influence the adoption of future mobility services; these findings provide insights on the likely early adopters of shared autonomous mobility services and the types of educational awareness campaigns that may effect change in the prospects of such services.
Is Childhood Trauma a Risk Factor for Resistant Epilepsy?
Authors: Yilgör Abdullah , Kurhan Faruk
Published: October 2023

Childhood traumas have been considered risk factors for many psychiatric disorders. Recent studies demonstrated that childhood traumas can also be considered risk factors for neurological diseases. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the effects of childhood traumas on treatment resistance in patients with epilepsy. The study sample consisted of 85 epilepsy patients, 40 male and 45 female, who were diagnosed and followed up by a neurologist. Of these patients, 45 were being followed up with the diagnosis of refractory epilepsy, and 40 were being followed up with the diagnosis of treatment-responsive epilepsy. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography were performed on all patients. In addition, all patients were administered childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D). Epilepsy patients included in the study were divided into refractory epilepsy and treatment-responsive epilepsy groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in sociodemographic characteristics. On the other hand, total CTQ and all CTQ subscale scores and HAM-D scores were significantly higher in the refractory epilepsy group than in the treatment-responsive epilepsy group. This study demonstrates that childhood traumas may contribute to treatment resistance in epilepsy patients. Therefore, it is recommended that a history of childhood traumas be routinely queried in the treatment of epilepsy patients.
Frankfurt School Legacy and the Critical Sociology of Media: Lifeworld in Digital Capitalism
Authors: Bilić Paško
Published: October 2023

Just as the Frankfurt School responded to the radicalisation of the working class in Germany and the rise of post-war consumerism in the United States, today, we are confronted by platform monopolies, automated hyper-consumption and technological control. Critical approaches to digital media have exposed the structural coupling of Internet use and capital accumulation for almost two decades. However, many authors building on this tradition can struggle to understand how online social interaction is controlled beyond the worn-out critique of false consciousness or beyond conceptualising all digital activity mediated by data as labour. This paper will attempt to theoretically untangle the Marxian ontology of labour and the Frankfurt School-inspired critique of everyday life. This is not just theoretical nit-picking. Society becomes completely dominated if we accept no difference between wage labour and lifeworld activities. Each contains its internal struggles. The value form regulates both in different ways.
Decentralised information transmission in the shadow of conflict
Authors: Wolton Stephane
Published: October 2023

Miscalculations due to lack of information are often seen as one of the main causes of war. Yet, a privately informed country has multiple channels to share information and avoid a costly conflict. I study three ways information can be transmitted – sunk cost signals, audience costs, and military build-up. In a fully decentralised setting, where the uninformed country can perfectly adjust its response to the information it learns, the three channels produce very different outcomes. Sunk cost signals never transmit any information. Information transmission is possible with audience costs when the uninformed country sufficiently values peace. With military build-up, information transmission occurs by accident. It is a by-product of the privately informed country’s attempt to increase its strength. I contrast these findings with the case of a constrained uninformed country that can only choose between a limited number of offers.
Holocene summer temperature record based on branched tetraethers in Northeast China
Authors: Zhu Zeyang , Wu Jing , Lu Jiaxin , Chu Guoqiang , Rioual Patrick , Wang Luo , Liu Jiaqi
Published: October 2023

The temperature evolution during the Holocene shows conflicting patterns and yields the controversy regarding whether the Holocene followed a warming or cooling trend. Resolving this controversy is critical for understanding the underlying mechanisms of climate change and evaluating global warming on a longer timescale. Here we present a quantitative summer temperature reconstruction based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers analyzed from a sedimentary sequence retrieved from the volcanic lake Kielguo crater lake in Northeast (NE) China. Our record revealed that the summer temperature in NE China followed a rough cooling trend during ~10–2.2 cal ka BP and increased after ~2.2 cal ka BP. The warmest period appeared at ~10–8.8 cal ka BP with ~15.8°C, and the coldest time occurred at ~2.3 cal ka BP with ~13.4°C. Compared with other temperature records from NE China, we conclude that the summer and winter temperature change trends in NE China were probably controlled by the summer and winter insolation respectively, and the ice volume. The mean annual temperature changes in NE China resulted from the superposition of summer cooling and winter warming during the Holocene, and the decrease in ice volume forcing the increase in mean annual temperatures before ~7–6 cal ka BP. The switch in mean annual temperature changes was probably linked with the collapse of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets.
Virtual Practitioner Training and Coaching of a Triadic Approach in Early Intervention: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Authors: Harbin Shawna G. , Fettig Angel , Kelly Elizabeth M.
Published: October 2023

Caregivers are critical partners in early intervention service delivery; therefore, it is essential to ensure that early intervention practitioners (EIPs) have sufficient training in family-centered strategies to assist families with reaching targeted family and child outcomes. The triadic strategies from the Parents Interacting With Infants (PIWI) framework comprise a set of six practitioner strategies that align with family-centered caregiver coaching practices. For this mixed methods study, we used single-case research design to investigate a virtual training and coaching program for EIPs to increase their use of triadic strategies with caregivers during teleintervention sessions. We also conducted interviews to understand the experiences of EIPs and families with triadic strategy use. Results suggest practitioners demonstrated modest increases in strategy implementation, with marked decreases in directive strategy use. Participants described experiences with strategy use as well as factors potentially influencing implementation. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Efficacy and Safety of a Single-Pill Triple Combination of Olmesartan, Amlodipine, and Rosuvastatin in Hypertensive Patients with Low-to-Moderate Cardiovascular Risk: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Active-Control, Phase IV Clinical Trial
Authors: Kim Byung Jin , Cha Kwang Soo , Cho Wook Hyun , Kim Eung Ju , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Kim Moo Hyun , Kim Sang-Hyun , Park Jun-Bean , Park Seong-Mi , Sohn Il Suk , Ryu Kyu Hyung , Chae In-Ho
Published: October 2023

Introduction

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single-pill triple-combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/rosuvastatin (Olme/Amlo/Rosu) in comparison with a single-pill dual-combination of olmesartan/amlodipine (Olme/Amlo) in hypertensive patients with low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk.

Methods

This multicenter, active-control, randomized study included 106 hypertensive patients at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk who were randomly assigned to receive either Olme/Amlo/Rosu 20/5/5 mg (Treatment 1), Olme/Amlo/Rosu 20/5/10 mg (Treatment 2), or Amlo/Olme 20/5 mg (Control) once daily for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the difference of the percent change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level at 8 weeks from baseline in the 3 groups.

Results

The difference in the least square mean percent change (standard deviation) of LDL-C in the Treatment 1 and 2 groups compared with the Control group at 8 weeks was −32.6 (3.7) % and −45.9 (3.3) %, respectively ( P < .001). The achievement rates of LDL-C level <100 mg/dL at 8 weeks were significantly different between the 3 groups (65.8%, 86.7%, and 6.3% for Treatment 1, 2, and Control groups, respectively, P < .001). The results of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 were superior in the Treatment 1 and 2 groups compared with the Control group. Serious adverse drug reaction did not occur in the 3 groups. Medication adherence rates were excellent in the 3 groups (98.0% for Treatment 1 group, 99.7% for Treatment 2 group, and 96.3% for the Control group, P > .05).

Conclusion

Single-pill triple-combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/rosuvastatin was superior to the single-pill dual-combination of amlodipine/olmesartan in LDLC-lowering effects, with excellent safety profiles and adherence rates, in hypertensive patients at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk. Trial Registration: CLinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04120753.
Meet “Me” in the Field(-Notes): The Selves and Self-Relations of Autoethnography
Authors: Boll Tobias
Published: October 2023

Autoethnographers write about culture and cultural practice by primarily writing about their own experience—about themselves. This article asks who—or what—the “self” is that autoethnographers engage with, study, and write about. It argues that the ethnographic self is not just the object and agent of the autoethnographic research process but also a product of it, particularly of autoethnographic writing. Doing autoethnography is less a matter of writing up, than of writing into existence the self that is the prerequisite of the research in the first place. Drawing on Mead’s distinction of a pre-reflexive “I” and a reflexive “Me” as oscillating phases of the social self, the article develops a typology for analytically distinguishing the multiple “I”s and “Me”s that make up the autoethnographic self: in the field, in fieldnotes, and in other types of ethnographic texts. Autoethnographic Positioning Analysis is applied to fieldnotes and analytical texts from an ongoing research project to illustrate how these different selves are produced and related to each other in a way that results in fieldnotes (or other texts) passing as accounts of “the” ethnographic self. This not only helps accomplish the shift between familiarization and alienation with the field (and one’s self) that is crucial for analytic and reflexive ethnography but can give insights into the social and moral structure of the field. Far from the notion of autoethnography as self-absorbed “mesearch,” this article argues that good autoethnography is indeed a methodical search for a reflexive “Me” in the field(-notes).
Poor Respiratory Health is a Consequence of Dhaka’s Polluted Air: A Bangladeshi Perspective
Authors: Dibya Trishul Basak , Proma Amrin Yeasin , Dewan Syed Masudur Rahman
Published: October 2023

Dhaka, which is the capital and largest metropolis of Bangladesh, has seen an increase in the number of documented cases of respiratory disorders. Every day in Dhaka city, a remarkable number of patients are being diagnosed with poor respiratory conditions. The majority of these patients have no other severe disease history and mostly need to be exposed to outdoor air to meet their occupational requirements, indicating that the ailment may be associated with polluted air. As this is the most pressing issue that must be addressed in order to safeguard public health, we have made an effort to focus on the current situation surrounding the sources of air pollution in the city. Since this is a viewpoint article, we gathered data from various published articles, national dailies, and international reports generated by WHO, CDC, BBC, or other environmental news/report portals to highlight the public health issue related to respiratory health. Poor respiratory health is one of the main consequences of Dhaka’s contaminated air, as determined by our analysis.
Topology optimization-based design, development and testing of steel-reinforced epoxy granite vertical machining centre column
Authors: Veluswamy Arjun , Venugopal Prabhu Raja , Mani Kalayarasan , Palanisamy Dhanabal , Marikrishnan Thivagar , Arunachalam Arun Thiyagarajan
Published: October 2023

The structural vibrations experienced by traditional machine tools made up of cast iron (CI) or cast steel material lead to premature failure of the cutting tool and poor surface finish on the manufactured components. Steel-reinforced epoxy granite (SREG), an alternate material to CI, improves the static and dynamic characteristics of the machine tool structure. However, the addition of steel reinforcement in SREG affects the damping characteristics of epoxy granite (EG). The present work focuses on optimizing both EG and steel reinforcement of the vertical machining centre column to achieve favourable damping characteristics. Initially, parametric analysis is performed to arrive at an optimum configuration of only the EG column. Then, steel reinforcement is integrated into the EG column, and topology optimization is carried out with the objective of maximizing the stiffness and natural frequencies of the SREG column while minimizing the mass of the reinforcement. The multiple design configurations for steel reinforcement evolved from topology optimization are numerically investigated using finite element analysis. The scaled-down prototype of the finalized model was fabricated, after which the dynamic characteristics of the proposed SREG column are measured and compared with that of existing CI and SREG columns. The results revealed six-fold and three-fold improvements in dynamic stiffness along X- and Y-directions, respectively, and a 33% reduction in the mass of steel reinforcement than the existing SREG column.
Smart carrot chasing guidance law for path following of unmanned surface vehicles
Authors: Ünal Osman , Akkaş Nuri , Atalı Gökhan , Özkan Sinan Serdar
Published: October 2023

Carrot chasing guidance law is one of the most widely used path following algorithms due to its simplicity and ease of implementation; however, it has a fixed parameter which leads to large cross-tracking errors during different navigational conditions. This study proposes an innovative approach to carrot chasing algorithm to minimize cross-tracking errors. Pattern search optimization technique is integrated with carrot chasing guidance law to determine unique virtual target points obtained by flexible parameters instead of a fixed parameter. Proposed smart carrot chasing guidance law (SCCGL) provides stable and accurate path following even for different navigational conditions of unmanned surface vehicle (USV). To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to apply pattern search optimization technique to carrot chasing guidance law while USV is performing multi-tasks of predefined paths. This novelty significantly reduces both cross tracking errors and computational costs. Firstly, SCCGL is tested and compared with traditional carrot chasing algorithm in the numerical simulator for several navigational conditions such as different lists of waypoints, different initial locations, and different maximum turning rates of USV. SCCGL automatically determines optimal parameters to make stable and accurate navigation. SCCGL significantly reduces cross tracking errors compared to classical carrot chasing algorithm. This is the first contribution of this paper. Secondly, genetic algorithm optimization method has been implemented to carrot chasing guidance law instead of pattern search optimization technique. Genetic algorithm causes the total simulation time to be quite long. The proposed SCCGL (pattern search integrated carrot chasing guidance law) gives optimum results 20 times faster than the genetic algorithm. This is the second and main contribution of developed SCCGL method. It is observed that SCCGL provides best navigation with minimum cross-tracking errors and minimum computational cost compared to the classical carrot chasing algorithm and other optimization technique.
Feeling Anger yet Not Speaking Up: The Role of Observers’ Cultural Values in Anger and Bystanderism in Response to Supervisor Incivility
Authors: Her Da Yeon , Sin Hock-Peng
Published: October 2023

While observer reactions to perceived supervisor incivility (PSI) have been substantially studied, observer silence (i.e., bystanderism) and the emotional mechanisms and contingencies that engender it have been empirically underexplored. Drawing on deontic justice theory and the “cultural regulation of emotion” perspective, our research offers theoretical arguments and empirical evidence to understand observers’ anger in response to PSI and the resulting bystanderism. Across three studies using an online scenario, an online experiment, and a survey, we test a mediation model, moderation models, and moderated mediation models, respectively. Study 1 demonstrates that observer anger negatively mediates the relationship between PSI and bystanderism. Study 2 substantiates the buffering moderation effect of observer power distance on the positive relationship between PSI and anger. In addition to replicating the findings from the first two studies, Study 3 shows that observer power distance and collectivism mitigate the negative relationship between anger and bystanderism and then the negative indirect relationship between PSI and bystanderism via anger. Taken together, our findings suggest that although observers feel anger in response to PSI, the expression of such anger can be suppressed by power distance and collectivism, ultimately leading to bystanderism. We also discuss the implication and limitations (e.g., generalizability of our online experiment) of our study and call for further research involving leaders and followers in real-world contexts.
Modeling a reconnaissance operation in an urban environment using a swarm of UAVs
Authors: Stodola Petr , Nohel Jan , Rybanský Marian
Published: October 2023

Military operations are increasingly taking place in urban environments; the effective reconnaissance of such environments is critical to their success. This paper deals with modeling the reconnaissance of a built-up area using a swarm of heterogeneous cooperating unmanned aerial vehicles. The model consists of two phases. In the first, a set of waypoints is generated from which the reconnaissance of the walls and roofs of buildings and roads located in the area of intelligence responsibility is performed; the waypoints are deployed in such a manner that the comprehensive reconnaissance of all objects takes place while keeping their number as small as possible. In the second phase, the flight trajectories of the available unmanned aerial vehicles are planned with the purpose of minimizing the overall operation time; the intention is thus to load each vehicle evenly. The proposed model is validated on a set of six scenarios with varying complexity; each scenario is based on typical tactical situations. This paper is a contribution to the research being intensively conducted in the field of robotic systems for civilian and military applications.
Simulation and optimization of square fin concentric tube heat storage exchanger
Authors: Yang Changhai , Jiang Sile , Yang Guoshan , Wang Zhuxiu , Liu Zhengying , Li Yan , Zhu Qunzhi
Published: October 2023

The square fin was used to improve the heat transfer rate of the concentric tube phase change heat exchanger. The effects of fin spacing, fin arrangement, and fin length on the melting process of phase change material (PCM) were studied. The influence and mechanism of non-uniform fin arrangement were discussed in detail. The liquid phase distribution and temperature distribution of PCM with time were analyzed. The results indicated that the heat exchanger with square fins can significantly improve the heat storage rate and shortened the complete melting time of PCM. Compared with heat exchangers without fins, the melting time of PCM in a 40 mm equidistant fin heat exchanger was shortened by 15.85%, and that in a 70 mm, non-uniformly spaced fin heat exchanger was shortened by 36.79%. Due to the different distances between the square fins and the outer boundary of the concentric tube, the temperature distribution near the square fin showed anisotropy, which enhanced the melting rate of PCM. The sensitivity order was fin arrangement > fin length > fin spacing. The research results can provide a reference for the design of phase change heat exchangers.
The effect of non-verbal mimicry on evaluations in interactions with cognitively (dis)similar individuals
Authors: Bretter Christian , Unsworth Kerrie L , Robinson Mark A
Published: October 2023

Non-verbal mimicry (i.e., being posturally similar by copying another person’s body language) has been shown to increase evaluations of the mimicker. Concurrently, extensive research in social psychology has demonstrated a negative effect on interpersonal evaluations when one perceives others as cognitively dissimilar, often resulting in interpersonal conflicts. Across two experiments (Experiment 1: N = 159, Experiment 2: N = 144), we tested our hypotheses that mimicry, compared with no mimicry, will make mimickers come across as more likable and competent regardless of whether they were perceived as cognitively dissimilar or not (Experiment 1) and regardless of the extent to which they were perceived as cognitively dissimilar (Experiment 2). Broadly, we found support for our hypotheses, and via mediation sensitivity analyses, we found that the effect of mimicry, at least for likability, was mediated by participants’ perceived personal similarity to the mimicker. Non-verbal mimicry may thus be one way of alleviating interpersonal conflicts via increasing perceptions of personal similarity regardless of initial cognitive dissimilarity.
Pregnancy in women with nephrotic-range proteinuria: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Svetitsky Shuli , Lightstone Liz , Wiles Kate
Published: October 2023

Background

Obstetric and kidney outcomes following detection of nephrotic-range proteinuria in early pregnancy have not been well described.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in pregnancy between 2008 and 2018. Outcomes in those with nephrotic-range proteinuria before 20 weeks’ gestation were compared to those without nephrotic-range proteinuria.

Results

The study included 37 women with nephrotic-range proteinuria and 62 women without. Pre-pregnancy estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was similar. Nephrotic-range proteinuria was associated with higher rates of preterm (odds ratio [OR] 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–2.92) and early preterm delivery (OR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.12–6.2), and with a requirement for renal replacement therapy at 3 years post-partum (OR 10.72, 95% CI: 2.58–44.47). Tubulointerstitial scarring on kidney biopsy was associated with early preterm delivery and progression to advanced CKD, independent of pre-pregnancy eGFR.

Conclusion

Compared to CKD without nephrotic-range proteinuria, nephrotic-range proteinuria early in pregnancy is associated with higher rates of pre-term delivery and progression to advanced CKD.
Structural connections of the centromedian nucleus of thalamus and their relevance for neuromodulation in generalized drug-resistant epilepsy: insight from a tractography study
Authors: Remore Luigi G. , Rifi Ziad , Nariai Hiroki , Eliashiv Dawn S. , Fallah Aria , Edmonds Benjamin D. , Matsumoto Joyce H. , Salamon Noriko , Tolossa Meskerem , Wei Wexin , Locatelli Marco , Tsolaki Evangelia C. , Bari Ausaf A.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Epilepsy is a widespread neurologic disorder and almost one-third of patients suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Neuromodulation targeting the centromediannucleus of the thalamus (CM) has been showing promising results for patients with generalized DRE who are not surgical candidates. Recently, the effect of CM- deep brain stimulation (DBS) in DRE patients was investigated in the Electrical Stimulation of Thalamus for Epilepsy of Lennox–Gastaut phenotype (ESTEL) trial, a monocentric randomized-controlled study. The same authors described a ‘cold-spot’ and a ‘sweet-spot’, which are defined as the volume of stimulation in the thalamus yielding the least and the best clinical response, respectively. However, it remains unclear which structural connections may contribute to the anti-seizure effect of the stimulation.

Objective:

We investigated the differences in structural connectivity among CM, the sweet-spot and the cold-spot. Furthermore, we tried to validate our results in a cohort of DRE patients who underwent CM-DBS or CM-RNS (responsive neurostimulation). We hypothesized that the sweet-spot would share similar structural connectivity with responder patients.

Methods:

By using the software FMRIB Software Library (FSL), probabilistic tractography was performed on 100 subjects from the Human Connectome Project to calculate the probability of connectivity of the whole CM, the sweet-spot and the cold-spot to 45 cortical and subcortical areas. Results among the three seeds were compared with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Similarly, the structural connectivity of volumes of tissue activated (VTAs) from eight DRE patients was investigated. Patients were divided into responders and non-responders based on the degree of reduction in seizure frequency, and the mean probabilities of connectivity were similarly compared between the two groups.

Results:

The sweet-spot demonstrated a significantly higher probability of connectivity ( p < 0.001) with the precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and the cerebellum than the whole CM and the cold-spot. Responder patients displayed a higher probability of connectivity with both ipsilateral ( p = 0.011) and contralateral cerebellum ( p = 0.04) than the non-responders.

Conclusion:

Cerebellar connections seem to contribute to the beneficial effects of CM-neuromodulation in patients with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy.
Extending gestures and global city-making: Analyzing extending urbanization at multiple scales
Authors: Boudreau Julie-Anne
Published: October 2023

The strength of the analysis of extended urbanization proposed in Simone et al.'s (2023) ‘Inhabiting the Extensions’ resides in its fascinating ability to bring together a focus on micro gestures and individual decisions with a structural analysis of global capital flows, geopolitics, and climate change. The collective work of ethnographically diving in nine locations across the world, and bringing together these reflections, generated a rich and complex understanding of city-making processes through spatial and temporal extensions.
Remote Patient Monitoring for Hypertension: Feasibility and Outcomes of a Clinic-Based Pilot in a Minority Population
Authors: Makutonin Michael , Dare Justin , Heekin Mary , Salancy Abby , Hood Colton , Dominguez Luis W.
Published: October 2023

Background:

In the US 48% of adults have hypertension, with direct costs in excess of $130 billion per year. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has been discussed as a useful tool in the treatment of hypertension, but few studies evaluate its cost effectiveness or efficacy in minority, lower socio-economic (SES) populations. Our study aims to evaluate the clinical and financial outcomes of RPM in hypertension management in a primarily minority, low-SES population.

Methods:

In this prospective cohort pilot study, patients with uncontrolled primary hypertension (defined via Joint National Committee 8 guidelines) were randomly selected from a single academically affiliated primary care clinic. Patients were enrolled on a rolling basis for 90 days. Patients were given blood pressure cuffs and transmission hubs and asked to transmit daily blood pressure readings. Patients were called weekly by research assistants and concerns were escalated to the primary care physician. The control group was the remaining 299 uncontrolled hypertensive patients from the same clinic population analyzed via retrospective chart records at the conclusion of the interventional study period. The primary outcome was blood pressure control. Secondary outcomes were relative improvement in systolic pressure and direct costs.

Results:

A total of 13 patients were enrolled into the RPM intervention; these patients were 54% female, 100% African American, and 77% Medicaid. When assessed via intention-to-treat analysis, patients in the intervention group had non-inferior blood pressure control at 90 days (46% experimental vs 31% control, P = .33) and average change in systolic blood pressure at 90 days (13.5 vs 3.7 mmHg, P = .174) while experiencing a significant reduction in office-based visits at 90 days (1.5 vs 5.9, P < .001) as compared to control. Results on per-protocol analysis also showed non-inferior BP control (63% vs 31%, P = .135). Financially, the program generated margins of $29 per patient at 90 days.

Conclusions:

Patients in our minority- and Medicaid-predominant cohort achieved noninferior blood pressure control as compared to retrospective control at 90 days and a significant reduction in all-cause clinic visits at 90 days. The program generated little revenue per patient, with main barriers to implementation including patient compliance and payor denial.