bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation and evaluation of bio compounds of berberis aristata compressed tablets in psoriasis treatment
Authors: Bandarapalle Kishore
Published: July 2023

The objective of the research is to design and evaluate the bio compounds of Berberis aristata (BCBA) compressed tablets in psoriasis treatment. BCBA of dose 300 mg was compressed into tablets by employing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as superdisintegrant and necessary excipients by employing direct compression method. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results depicts no incompatibility among the drug and excipients. The study results of pre compression parameters have excellent flow qualities and compressibility. The post-compression parameters show that the results are within the specified standard deviations. SSG exhibit better disintegrating property than MCC. The optimized formulation F6 showed better disintegrating property and In vitro drug release studies in comparison with marketed formulation.
Effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with flour/starch containing resistant starch on macaroni quality
Authors: Too B.C. , Thuy N.M.
Published: July 2023

The present study aimed to add high resistant starch (RS) flours including black beans, mung beans, green bananas and purple sweet potatoes as well as potato starch starches into the macaroni formulation. The RS of the materials used was analyzed. The physical, chemical, textural, qualitative and organoleptic values of macaroni products were measured and determined. A significant difference (P<0.05) in RS content of food ingredients was obtained, in which potato starch was the highest at 56.43% and black turtle beans powder was at least 16.59%. Swelling and water absorption showed an inverse relationship with RS content. The RS content of macaroni increased significantly with the replacement of wheat flour with flours and starches of high RS content in their formulation. The L* lightness and yellowness b*(+) of the macaroni were significantly reduced with the high RS flours/starch in the formulation. Scanning electron microscopy images showed an increase in pore sizes in macaroni with high RS flour in comparison with the control sample. Analysing of sensory values by principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the sample from formulation M2 with 19.2% powder containing RS substitute was a highly accepted product by the panellists with desirable properties. Food processors have incorporated various highly nutritious foods in many conventional foods, therefore, high RS flours and starch in macaroni have been shown to improve RS consumption, which essentially has many health benefits.
Microstructure and technological properties of cooked meat sausages prepared with emulsions of vegetable oils as substitutes for animal fat
Authors: Momcilova M.M. , Gardinarska-Ivanova D.N. , Yordanov D.G. , Zsivanovits G.I.
Published: July 2023

This paper investigated the functional possibilities of using two types of vegetable oil emulsions of chia and grape seeds, as substitutes for animal fat in the cooked sausage formulation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and texture profile analysis (TPA) were used to assess the effect of different levels of fat substitution with the chia and grape seed oils emulsions on the structural changes and the emulsion stability of sausages. A direct correlation was observed between the hardness index in the TPA analysis and the addition of the chia oil emulsion. A decrease in the adhesiveness of the test samples in relation to the control sample (Р˃0.05) was observed when the fat was fully or partially replaced by a grape seed oil emulsion and, contrariwise, adhesiveness increased in the samples to which a chia oil emulsion had been added, the increase being directly proportional to its quantity. SEM images of sausages showed that the samples in which the porcine adipose tissue was partially substituted by pre-emulsified chia and/or grape seed oils exhibited a more compact network with smaller fat droplets compared to the control sample and the emulsified grape seed oil sample. To sum up, the use of chia and grape seed oil emulsions was found to be a possible alternative for the substitution of animal fat in emulsified meat sausages; pre-emulsified chia oil addition resulted in products that were close to the standard one in terms of texture, microstructural indices and emulsion stability, along with improved nutritional image and wholesomeness of the end product.
The correlation between the serum calcium/magnesium level ratio, body composition and sarcopenia in older adult women using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Sukmaningtyas H. , Ngetstiningsih D. , Probosari E. , Hananingtyas A.
Published: July 2023

Sarcopenia is characterized by a loss of muscle mass and strength, as well as a decrease in physical performance. Furthermore, it can occur in old age and also in various pathological conditions. Ageing can lead to a deficiency of certain minerals, such as Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg), which contribute to muscle metabolism and function. The amount of these minerals consumed in the diet plays a vital role in reabsorption, inflammation and various physiological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the correlation between the serum Ca/Mg ratio in elderly women with sarcopenia. A crosssectional design was employed with an observational approach, which included twentyeight participants aged 60 years and above. Subsequently, the body composition was determined using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), while the gait speed and handgrip tests were performed using the Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS) algorithm, which identified ten participants with sarcopenia and eighteen participants without the condition. The results showed that the mean serum calcium levels, mean serum magnesium levels and mean serum Ca/Mg ratio in participants with and without sarcopenia were 9.42±0.50 mg/dl and 9.63±0.42 mg/dl, 2.34±0,08 mg/dl and 2.22±0,04 mg/dl and 4.20±0.10 and 4.27±0.11 mg/dl, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the serum Ca/Mg ratio and body composition with the occurrence of sarcopenia in older adult women (p = 0.47; r = 0.146).
Lise Öğrencilerinin Dijital Ayak İzi Farkındalık Düzeylerinin ve Dijital Ayak İzi Yaşantı Durumlarının İncelenmesi (Examination of Digital Footprint Awareness Levels and Digital Footprint Experience Status of High School Students)
Authors: Karal Eser , Kaçmaz Şükrü
Published: July 2023

Teknoloji alanındaki hızlı değişim ve gelişim, beraberinde her yaş grubundaki bireyin internet ve sosyal medya kullanımını arttırmıştır. İnternet, günlük hayatta birçok ihtiyacı karşılamakla birlikte sosyal ortamlarda gerçekleştirilen her eylemin takip edildiği ve ardında bir iz bıraktığı gerçeği gözden kaçırılmaktadır. Bu durum, veri kırıntılarından oluşan dijital ayak izi farkındalığını önemli bir konu haline getirmiştir. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacı; lise öğrencilerinin dijital ayak izi farkındalıklarını ve dijital yaşantı durumlarını incelemektir.Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, farklı kademelerdeki 612 lise öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile Sürmelioğlu ve Seferoğlu (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Dijital Ayak izi Farkındalık ve Yaşantı Durumları Anketi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklemler için T-testi, tek faktörlü varyans analizinden (ANOVA) ve fark beliren grupların dağılımı için SCHEFF testinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, katılımcıların dijital ayak izi farkındalığının orta düzeyde (X̄=3,60), dijital ayak izi yaşantılarının düşük düzeyde (X̄=1,80) olduğunu göstermektedir.
Nörogastronominin Duyular ve Lezzet ile İlişkisi (The Relationship Between Neurogastronomy, Senses and Teste)
Authors: Şengül Ayşe , Adabalı Mesut Murat
Published: July 2023

İnsan yaşamı süresince doğar, büyür, yaşar ve ölür. Geçmişten günümüze sürekli bir değişim içerisinde olan gastronomi alanına M.Ö. I. yy. ile M.S. III. yy. tarihleri arasında yaşadıkları düşünülen ve Latin Apiciuslar tarafından ortaya çıkartılan ilk yemek tariflerinin bu değişime öncülük ettiği düşünülmektedir. Günümüzde yiyecek ve içeceklerden alınan zevklerin arttırılması için ortaya pek çok yeni akımlar çıkmaktadır. Bunlardan birisi dünya genelinde tükenmekte olan kaynakların ve her geçen gün hızla artmakta olan insan nüfusunun beslenme sorunlarına çözüm üretmek adına ortaya çıkan gastronomi akımlarından birisi de “nörogastronomi”dir. Nörogastronomi beş duyu organına hitap ederek farklı algılar yaratmaktadır. İnsanlar aynı yemekleri yemelerine, aynı içecekleri içmelerine rağmen farklı lezzetler algılayabilir. Bunun en büyük sebebi beynimiz ile lezzet algısı arasındaki ilişkidir. Gordon M. Shepherd “insan beyni lezzet sistemi” ile gıdalar ve duyular arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamıştır. Yakın bir geçmişe sahip olan nörogastronomi insan beyni ile yiyecekler arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek bilim ve gastronomiyi yakınlaştırmıştır. Bu sayede nörogastronomi insan hayatının daha kaliteli bir hale gelmesine katkı sağlamakta ve duyularımızla lezzet algılarımızda değişiklikler olabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada nörogastronomi alanında hazırlanmış olan çalışmalar literatür taraması yöntemiyle bir araya toplanmaya çalışılmıştır ve ilgili alan yazına katkı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, nörogastronomi alanında yapılan araştırmalarda son yıllarda artış gözlemlendiği ve hem pazarlama hem de gastronomi alanında öneminin giderek arttığı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Lisans bitirme tezinden üretilmiştir.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE ENSINO PROMOTOR DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO E CONCEPÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Lizzi Maria Sandreana Salvador da Silva , Sforni Marta Sueli de Faria
Published: July 2023

Tendo em vista as diferenças entre a materialidade que deu origem à Teoria do Ensino Desenvolvimental e as condições objetivas nas quais é realizado o ensino no Brasil,  é necessário assegurar na formação de professores no contexto brasileiro, a compreensão do que é a essência dessa teoria e não a reprodução das ações didáticas propostas.  Neste sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o que é nuclear na proposição didática de Davidov para, desse modo, compreender os princípios teórico-metodológicos nos quais está assentada sua proposição didática. O texto é resultante  de uma pesquisa explicativa, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada mediante estudos bibliográficos. Os resultados apontam que o nuclear em sua teoria é a concepção de conhecimento fundamentada na lógica dialética materialista. Nessa concepção, os conceitos são entendidos como instrumentos mediadores que permitem aos seres humanos a inteligibilidade da realidade objetiva. Esse entendimento revoluciona o modo de se compreender o conteúdo de ensino, o papel do sujeito na aprendizagem e a forma de exposição/apropriação dos conceitos, dando origem a uma didática compatível com essa concepção de conhecimento. Mediante essa análise se compreende os princípios sob os quais estão assentadas as seis ações de estudo propostas pelo autor. Com isso, abre-se a possibilidade de não apenas reproduzir essas ações na educação básica ou na formação docente, mas de pensar outras que, com base  nos mesmos princípios,  sejam adequadas às condições efetivas de realização do trabalho pedagógico em outros contextos formativos.
A PESQUISA SOBRE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NO PIAUÍ: TRAJETÓRIAS E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Melo da Rocha Nogueira Barros Maria do Desterro , Brito Antonia Edna
Published: July 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar pesquisas sobre Educação Infantil produzidas no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Piauí (PPGEd/UFPI), por meio de teses e dissertações, com vistas à elaboração de uma síntese analítica a respeito do conhecimento produzido na área. A análise abrangeu os trabalhos publicados no período de 2016 a 2020. A revisão cobriu estudos produzidos no PPGEd/UFPI por ser esta a principal referência no Estado como instituição pública de ensino no que tange à formação de professores e à pesquisa na área. O levantamento evidenciou a produção de 12 (doze) dissertações e 5(cinco) teses sobre a temática pesquisada. Os estudos destacam algumas problemáticas que caracterizam as políticas e práticas de Educação Infantil no Piauí, entre as quais se destacam: prevalência de concepções tradicionais, falta de condições de trabalho, inadequações das políticas de formação de professores, formação continuada predominantemente baseada na racionalidade técnica e perfil formativo de parte dos professores investigados. Concluiu-se que a pesquisa sobre Educação Infantil, no contexto analisado, tem contribuído para o desvelamento das condições de desenvolvimento das práticas docentes e da formação de professores da Educação Infantil e que é necessária maior divulgação dos resultados para potencializar a reflexão crítica das necessidades sociais e educacionais da população atendida nas creches e pré-escolas, o que é imprescindível para a construção das bases teórico-práticas para a educação das crianças piauienses.
The effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) as a microbial diatory feed supplement for juvenile of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors:   Malaga University, Ecology Depertment, Faculty of Sciences, 29071 Malaga, Spain., Al Mahrouqi Hafidh ,   College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, P.O. Box 34, Oman., Dobretsov Sergey ,   College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, P.O. Box 34, Oman.,   Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoud 123, P.O. Box 50, Oman., Tefilo Abdala-Daz Roberto ,   Malaga University, Ecology Depertment, Faculty of Sciences, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Published: July 2023

Tilapia is the second most farmed fish in tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide. This study investigated the effect of replacing fish meal by Spirulina platensis (groups fed with 5%, 10% and 15% Spirulina) on the growth of Nile tilapia O. niloticus juveniles. Intestinal microbiota of tilapia has been studied by MiSeq Illumina sequencing. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed for the protein, carbohydrate and lipids of fish fed with control food and different concentrations of spirulina. However, the Margalef species richness of the intestinal bacteria of tilapia fed with spirulina was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the control samples. Evenness was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for tilapia fed with food substituted with the highest concentration of spirulina. Also, few potentially probiotic genera, like Bacillus and Actinomycetes were detected in the gut of the experimented Tilapia. On the other hand, the highest percent of potentially pathogenic genera was recorded for the genera Pseudomonas and Corynebacterium. In most cases, the highest abundances of potentially pathogenic species were found in control samples. As manipulation of the feed was shown to improve Tilapia microbiota, which could lead to further improvements in aquaculture production.
Assessment of the risk for cholecystitis when performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mladen Kasalovic , Aleksandar Jakovljević , Gojko Igrutinović , Nikola Miljković , Dalibor Rakić , Milica Milentijević
Published: July 2023

Background/Aim: Acute cholecystitis most often occurs as an acute exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis. In over 90% of patients, the primary factor in the development of acute cholecystitis is the obstruction of the gallbladder or cystic duct with an impacted calculus. In less than 10% of patients, acute cholecystitis can be attributed to other causes: direct trauma to the biliary tract, torsion of the gallbladder, twisting of the vascular loop after surgical procedures on the abdominal organs, and Salmonella typhi infection. The aim of this study is to compare preoperative variables in patients with acute cholecystitis, which are not only important for diagnosis but also have significance in determining the severity of acute cholecystitis in the preoperative period.
Methods: This retrospective systematic research included all clinical cases diagnosed with acute cholecystitis from January 2019 to December 2019, totaling 56 patients at CHC Kosovska Mitrovica. For the study, data from medical records were used for statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 56 patients (mean age 53 years; 26 men and 30 women) were included in this study. Among them, 32 patients (57.15%) had characteristics of simple cholecystitis, while 24 patients (42.85%) had severe cholecystitis. The group with severe cholecystitis consisted of older patients, with equal representation of both sexes, and higher levels of WBC, NE%, PLT, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin, and CRP (P<0.05). Imaging studies showed that the group with severe cholecystitis exhibited significantly more wall distension, particularly in the stratified wall, compared to the group with simple cholecystitis (P<0.05). Severe cholecystitis was associated with statin use (79.2%) and triglyceride values of 1.55 (0.47); both variables showed a statistically significant association with severe cholecystitis (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It is extremely important to skillfully identify patients with simple or severe forms of acute cholecystitis. Possible solutions include organizing campaigns to raise public awareness for faster consultations in cases of acute abdominal pain, establishing universal health coverage (diet), and improving technical platforms.
Terminological nominations as representing expert knowledge interpretation in mind and language (illustrated by english information security terms) Part I
Authors: Drozdova Tat'yana
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the interpretative role of mind and language in creating some terminological nominations to represent expert knowledge in the field of information security. In this part of the article it is argued that the processes of conceptualization and interpretation of acquired information take place while comprehending situations which occur in the real world. The formation of cognitive structures of knew knowledge representation follow these processes.
Kozhukhova I.V. Error correction and shaming: one of the aspects of communication audit
Authors: Zabolotneva Oksana , Kozhuhova Irina
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of the article is to consider the genre of error correction in an institutionalized academic environment. Correction of errors is one of the aspects of the analysis of the communicative audit of an educational organization. Thus, the authors give different views on this aspect in both domestic and foreign literature; some moral and psychological consequences of incorrect error correction, as well as cases that go beyond institutional communication, for example, shaming. The authors of the article compare the two considered phenomena, give generalizations and recommendations, as well as outline the prospects for further research.
Features of translation of english medical abbreviations
Authors: Nefedova Liliya , Merkulova Irina
Published: July 2023

Recently, a large number of abbreviations have been used in the medical literature. Abbreviations can be found in medical protocols, reports and medical histories. The article explores the concept of abbreviation as an integral part of modern medical discourse and one of the means of effective professional communication. Abbreviations allow to convey the maximum amount of information in a compression form. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the problems associated with the translation of medical abbreviations, as well as various approaches in solving these problems. For the correct translation of abbreviations, it is necessary to analyze their structure. In some cases, it is the decomposition of an abbreviation into its constituent elements that will allow it to be correctly understood and translated. It is often impossible to do without using abbreviations dictionaries. Abbreviations in educational discourse are important for practical application in all areas of education. This topic is an important subject for educational and linguistic study.
University media discourse: towards the problem of patriotic education of youth
Authors: Oliz'ko Natal'ya
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of university media discourse as a means of attracting the attention of the younger generation in order to form an objective idea of patriotism as a significant state value. Social networks, channels and official websites of educational institutions serve as the main source of information about the university for students, and they can be used to strengthen the patriotic stance.
Restoration of tendons and ligaments of large joints using a Belarusian-made anchor fixator
Authors: Murzich A. , Sirotkin R. , Amelchenya P.
Published: July 2023

This publication presents an analytical review of the literature and analyzes the own results of surgical treatment of patients with large joints tendons and ligaments damages using a Belarusian-made anchor fixator. The implant is made of titanium alloy, has a working part length from 5 to 16 mm, a thread diameter from 3 to 6,5 mm. The original design provides for the introduction of several threads into the anchor hole, ensures its strong fixation in the bone, including during arthroscopic operations. The method proposed by the authors is low-traumatic, safe and effective both for restoring damaged structures and economically, due to a reduction in the duration of hospitalization and subsequent recovery and a reduction in treatment costs due to the lower cost of the Belarusian construction compared to imported analogues.
The Association Between Depression, Anxiety and COVID-19 Symptoms
Authors: M. Bartholmae Marilyn , M. Sill Joshua , V. Karpov Matvey , Dodani Sunita
Published: July 2023

Background: The variation of COVID-19 illness is not fully understood. There is a need for further identification of predictors for COVID-19-related health outcomes, which may improve the delivery of healthcare. The primary objective was to identify whether anxiety/depression symptoms are associated with the number of COVID-19 symptoms. The second objective was to examine differences in anxiety and depression symptoms between individuals with or without COVID-19 symptoms. Methods: 782 Virginians ages 18 to 87 years, enrolled from March to May 2021 and were followed-up for six months. Vibrent Health online platform was used to collect data. PHQ-9, GAD-7, and CDC's COVID-19 tracing form, were used to assess depression, anxiety, and COVID-19 symptoms, respectively. An MMRM test was used to examine whether anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with the number of COVID-19 symptoms. Age, race, sex, medical diagnoses, and COVID-19 related economic/social hardships were included as covariates. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to assess differences in anxiety/depression at all study time points. We conducted analyses using SAS 9.4, p-values < .05 were considered significant. Results: Depression/anxiety symptoms, COVID-19 related economic/social hardships, and medical diagnoses, were significantly associated with the number of COVID-19 symptoms (p<.05), whereas age, sex, and race were not (p>.05). Overall, PHQ9 and GAD7 scores were consistently and significantly higher for individuals with COVID-19 symptoms than those without COVID-19 symptoms (p<.05). Conclusions: The severity of depression and anxiety symptoms is linked to symptoms of COVID-19 over time. Physical and mental health integrated healthcare approaches may be necessary. Further investigation into causative mechanisms is needed.
Infant food formulations based on cereals (millet, maize) and caterpillar powder (Imbrasia oyemensis): Nutritional composition and sensory evaluation
Authors: Amandou Ouattara  , Claude Kouamé Ya  , Daouda Koné  , Kwithony William Disseka  , Jean Bedel Fagbohoun  , Gbocho Serge Elvis Ekissi  , Denis Yao N’dri
Published: July 2023

Malnutrition is a real public health problem, particularly in low-income households. Therefore, the objective of this work is to improve nutritional quality of complementary foods based on maize and millet flours intended for children during diversification period of low-income households. Thus, biochemical and phytochemical composition of ten cereal-based formulations (maize and millet) incorporated or not with Imbrasia oyemensis caterpillar powder were studied using standard and conventional methods. In addition, these formulations were subjected to a hedonic test by a panel of fifty people. It was found that incorporation of Imbrasia oyemensis powder improved contents of protein (11.97±0.03-16.4±0.03%), lipids (7.65±0.49-11.08±0.20%), ash (2.07±0.05-3.20±0.05%) and energy value (402.97±13.9- 483.63±35.71 kcal/100g) of maize (FMa0) and millet (FMi0) based flours. In addition, these formulations showed excellent contents of total polyphenols (160.19±2.80-256.16±0.00 mg/100g), flavonoids (10.95±0.07-25.64±0.15mg/100g) and tannins (109.45±0.68- 225.54±0.90 mg/100g). In addition, anti-nutritional contents such as phytates (97.24±0.08-128.60±0.08 mg/100g) and oxalates (215.81±1.67-370.65±9.29 mg/100g) are below the acceptable limit in human food. Thus, these incorporated formulations of Imbrasia oyemensis caterpillar powder were highly appreciated by panelists. Incorporation of Imbrasia oyemensis powder in maize and millet-based supplementary foods constitutes a cheaper and healthier alternative in children diet during diversification period of low-income households in Côte d'Ivoire.
Development and validation of new RP-HPLC method for the estimation of ceftriaxone sodium in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Lavanya Sankatala  , Manjunath Sooganna Yalagatti
Published: July 2023

A simple, rapid, accurate and precise RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of ceftrioxone sodium in parentral dosage form. Chromatographic analysis of the drug was achieved on CYBER LAB HPLC comprising of LC- 100 P pump, a variable wavelength programmable LC-UV100 UV detector and SCL system controller. Flowrosil C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μ) as stationary phase with mobile phase consisting of methanol: water : ortho-phosphoric acid in the ratio of (75 :24.5 :0.5 v/v ) . The method showed a good linear response in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.9990. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min and detection was carried out at 240 nm. The retention time was 3.788 min. The method was statistically validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, ruggedness, robustness, solution stability, selectivity and sensitivity. The results obtained in the study were within the limits of ICH guidelines and hence this method can be used for the determination of ceftrioxone sodium in parentral formulation.
Allergy-assisted cancer therapy
Authors: Michael John Dochniak  , Cherie Annette Benson  , Christian James Glancey
Published: July 2023

Cancer is a disease that overwhelms the body with harmful and excessive cellular growth. There is a deadly accessory of stage IV cancer; Staphylococcus aureus is a disease-serving bacterium that can infiltrate the tumor microenvironment to support malignancy. Furthermore, immune tolerance is acquired as the bacteria-infested cancerous mass forms a collagen-reinforced extracellular matrix. The review discusses allergy-assisted cancer therapy wherein hyper-allergenic skin creams may impede bacterial contributions and disrupt the extracellular matrix, complicit with immune tolerance.
Limnology of the Ndongo stream (South-West Cameroon): wastes management, water physicochemical quality and phytoplankton species richness
Authors: Daniel Brice Nkontcheu Kenko  , Fabiola Mba Maffo  , Aimerance Donhachi Kenfack  , Constantin Alega Amougou  , Norbert Tchamadeu Ngameni
Published: July 2023

Freshwater ecosystems are subject to anthropogenic contaminants. This study aimed at assessing waste management stratagem by the local population and implications on water abiotic variables as well as phytoplankton species richness of the Ndongo stream, South-West Cameroon. For this purpose, 144 structured questionnaires were randomly administered to inhabitants around the stream to assess wastes management practices. Water and phytoplankton analysis was done in three selected sites. The mainstream of inhabitants (67%) dumped wastes in facilities provided by the Buea Council. The sorting of wastes before disposal was not common among respondents (72%). Recycling of wastes was done by only 37.8% of inhabitants. Half of the respondents (50.7%) claimed being ready to contribute financially for waste management while 81.2% said they were aware of the consequences of poor waste management. The main source of domestic water in the area was tap water (89.6%) and the Ndongo stream was mainly utilised for washing clothes (47.9%). Water abiotic variables that exhibited significant spatial trends included conductivity, TDS, velocity, width, depth and flow rate. There was no significant difference in the spatial distribution of temperature, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. The phytoplankton community was made of 36 species distributed in 37 families. Taxa such as Lynbya sp., Oscillatoria sp. and Closterium sp. were found in all the sampling sites, making them resident species of the stream. The sampling site at the lower course of the stream had the highest phytoplankton species richness. The highest algal pollution index was found in site 3at the lower course of the stream. Species richness had a positive and non-significant correlation with temperature, conductivity, TDS, salinity, velocity, depth and discharge. Water pH, dissolved oxygen and width had a negative and non-significant correlation with species richness. The local population should be educated on wastes management and its implications on the environment.
Antiurolithiatic activity of natural remedies with emphasis on their mechanisms of action: A review
Authors: Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Published: July 2023

Urinary calculi are the third most prevalent disorder of the urinary tract and nearly 80% of these calculi are composed of calcium oxalate. There are very few drugs available for the management of urolithiasis. Medicinal plants contained many constituents that work with minimum side effects and are available to a large population. The current review focused on antiurolithiatic of natural sources, hoping that it was beneficial for general public and it attract the researchers for antiurolithiatic drug discovery.
Medicinal plants with antiviral effect: A review
Authors: Ali Esmail Al-Snafi
Published: July 2023

Several phytochemicals exhibited high level of antiviral activity. Medicinal plant possessed antiviral activity via many mechanisms included inhibition of viral replication, inhibition of the assembly of intracellular infectious virus particles, inhibition of viral infectivity, inhibition of RNA polymerase, DNA polymerase, viral neuraminidase, protease, reverse transcriptase and viral protein expression and many other mechanisms. The current review discuss the medicinal plants with antiviral activity with their mechanisms of action.
An intelligent pattern recognition model for assessment of terrorists’ activities in Nigeria
Authors: Uduak David George  , Samuel Sunday Udoh  , Okure Udo Obot
Published: July 2023

Terrorism and its brutal tendencies constitute a major setback to the development process of the Nigerian economy leading to severe loss of lives, destruction of properties, and a decline of interest in investment by both local and foreign investors. Many models for assessment of terrorist’s activities lack the ability of learning from previous patterns in order to guide pre-emptive actions against future occurrences, and there are no established regional pattern of weaponry, types of attack, as well as types of victims of terrorists’ operations. This study seeks to build a robust intelligent model for recognizing several terrorists’ patterns in each of the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. A data set of 5,503 instances of terrorists’ activities in Nigeria was obtained and a pattern recognition model was built using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) with 70%, 15%, and 15% data splits for training, validation, and testing respectively. A 10-10-6 ANN architecture was designed and trained using the scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation algorithm. The training was carried out using Matlab’s neural network pattern recognition toolkit. In order to numerically represent categorical data, a sort-order scheme was developed by the authors and utilized. The results showed average percentage scores for accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score as 99.89, 99.96, 100 and 99.98 respectively. This showed acceptable performance. The developed model is therefore considered a robust one for recognition of terrorists’ patterns in Nigeria. This would assist security agencies to deal with terrorists’ incidences with high intelligent information and advanced preparation for prevention and control. The developed model is highly recommended for use by the security agencies in the country.
Reducing product cycle time and costing using screwed Yoke design for industrial globe valves
Authors: Kunal Chakravorty
Published: July 2023

The objective of this project is to using screwed yoke design instead of existing welding design to the reducing product cycle and cost of an Industrial Globe Valves starting from marketing, getting the order from customer, manufacturing and supplying to customer, find the bottlenecks and suggest solutions to optimize the product cycle time and reduce cost of this valve with customer satisfaction. We used screwed yoke instead of welded yoke of the valves to perform the main objective of this study.
Technical Review: Key concepts of health database management for public health workforce development in resource-limited settings
Authors: GV Fant
Published: July 2023

The academic and professional technology communities recognize that data science and big data management are essential methods for handling and using data in modern society for decision-making that ultimately leads to societal improvements. These insights are applicable to the world-wide practice of public health. The purpose of this technical review is to provide the public health decision-maker with an overview of key concepts of health database management to help guide additional individual or workforce development in order to support public health practice. This discussion is organized with the following subheading: Definition: Health Data Management; Data Preparation Actions; Basic SQL Commands in Microsoft Access; and Basic Data Management Procedures. Public health workforce development efforts that include discussion and skill-building activities dealing with issues and topics in health data management could contribute to developing the public health competencies of all public health professionals, including those in resource-limited settings, for the benefit of reporting disease outbreaks and other health outcomes of interest to local public health authorities.
Shifts in farming systems on land-use land-cover and biosphere reserve management in Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Mezgebu Senbeto Duguma
Published: July 2023

Sustainable agricultural development and land-use systems require the elaboration and design of proper development options, and also land use changes for agro-ecosystems. This project aimed to assess shifts and development options of major farming systems, and if and how the biosphere reserve establishment and its management have changed the natural and agricultural landscape components, and/or the forest coverage of the Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve. Focus group discussions, satellite image analysis, secondary information and personal observations were used to collect data in the four (4) kebeles (PAs) in the biosphere reserve. The result revealed that forest areas showed trends of increment as 5650.11ha, 6562.08ha and 6949.62ha in 1986, 2006 and 2016 respectively, and other green vegetation somewhat increased from 1778.76ha in 1986 to 1944.54ha in 2016. Farmlands and others decreased from 2314.35ha in 1986 to 849.24ha in 2016. Areas of natural forest decreased from 80,000 to 69,100 hectares between 2007 and 2016, while areas of plantation coffee increased from 14,720 to 34,100 hectares in the same periods. The development options such as woodlots, live fences and coffee plantations have been used to compensate services of natural forest and to address local communities’ needs. Therefore, this study concludes that the shifts and modifications in the natural landscape and ecosystem functioning to intensify certain provisioning services, for example implementation of woodlots and plantation coffee have resulted declining in agro-biodiversity and ecosystem services. Therefore, this study recommends sustainable development options and diversified farming systems need be considered in the land use changes.
Evaluating denoising performances of basic filters in the detection of microcalcifications on mammogram images
Authors: Franca Oyiwoja Okoh  , John Actor Ocheje
Published: July 2023

This research evaluates the denoising abilities of some image-processing filters used in facilitating the early detection of microcalcifications in breast tissues. The mean, median and Gaussian filters were employed to denoise mammogram images of microcalcification breast phantoms of various densities. The performances of the filters were assessed by evaluating the mean squared error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). All experiments were carried out on MATLAB R2020a platform. The results revealed that the Gaussian filter recorded optimal performance in denoising images with all 3 types of added noises compared to the mean and median filters. The PSNR value of the heterogeneous phantom (PVAL/H) was superior to those of the less dense (PVAL/E), dense (PVAL), and extremely dense (PVAL/G) phantoms for all the tested filters. The results of this work agree with the high contrast recorded by the original image of PVAL/H.
Potential bacterial pathogens associated in wound infections at University Health Centre of a Southwest in Nigeria
Authors: BA Erinle  , AO Ajayi
Published: July 2023

Healthy skin forms a formidable obstacle against microorganisms but once this defense process is altered or obstructed creating a wound, bacteria have an ideal environment for growth and reproduction. lt is hardly inevitable not to have a wound because bacteria are ambiguously present in every part of human body. Emergency cuts, wounds, burns and accident cases are common occurrence in most Teaching Hospitals, however this is not so rampant in the University Health Centre and this form the basis of the study to know the extent of potential bacterial pathogens associated in wound infections at the Health Centre of the Federal university of Technology, Akure. Nigeria. Method: One hundred and seventy wound swab samples were collected from staff and students of the university aged 1-69 years from March 2022 to August 2022.The samples were processed via microscopy and cultured on MacConkey, Blood and Chocolate Agar respectively in the Microbiology laboratory where standard cultural techniques was carried out to identify,isolate and characterize the bacteria isolated. Result: Of the 170 wound swab samples examined, 74(43.6%) was positive to bacteria growth, while 96(56.4%) had no bacteria isolated. Conclusion: The result illustrated there were potential bacterial pathogens associated in wound infections isolated from the samples that was analyzed. This indicated that potential bacterial when not properly managed and treated appropriately can complicate the healing process of wound.
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) of major drinking water sources at household level incorporating boiling treatment effect
Authors: Damiana Ada Amatobi  , Gloria Ogechi Umezuruike
Published: July 2023

This study conducted a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), incorporating the effect of boiling of water, on major sources of drinking water for households in Afikpo North LGA, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from12 drinking water boreholes (n =36), a popular spring water (n= 36) and four popular brands of sachet water (n= 36).The samples were analysed in the laboratory for colonies of microorganisms, coliform organisms, E. coli, Salmonella spp and Giardia lamblia. Data were analysed for specific parameters of the study population (n =1150). The parameters include daily water consumption per person per day (L/person/day), the fraction of thepopulatonexposed to the contaminated drinking water source under consideration, the percentage ofthe population vulnerableto pathogenic infection among the exposed population,the pathogen strike rate in each water source, and the probability that water is boiled before drinking. Quantitative microbial risk assessment was performed for concentrations of E. coli (CFU/L), Salmonella spp (CFU/L), and Giardia lamblia (Cyst/L) in the water samples. From the findings, the risk of diarrhea is significantly highin all the drinking water sources examined. The risk of diarrhea ranged between0.090 and 0.190 for borehole water source, 0.004 and 0.032 for spring water source, 0.039 and 0.125 for sachet water sources. The implication is an urgent need to regualte the operation of water boreholes, protect spring water source, and enforce standards on the processes of production, distribution and storage of sachet water in Afikpo North LGA.
Isolation, identification, antibiotic susceptibilities and SDS-PAGE protein profiles of Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from She- camel milk eastern Libya
Authors: Ebtesam M. Abdurabbah  , Nagea KA Abdalsadiq  , Nawara. M Eissa
Published: July 2023

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is instinctively present in milk and dairy products and associated with many outbreaks. Milk is a good substrate for S. aureus rise and toxin production. When transmitted to human body this pathogen may affect skin, brain, kidney, liver and several other vital organs. Therefore, the pathological effects of S. aureus have been the focus of several recent research works. The objective of this study was to evaluate Antibiotic Susceptibilities of S. aureus strains and to Identify their Protein Profiles using SDS-PAGE. S. aureus were isolated from different camel milk sample in Libya and identified using microbiological and molecular techniques. The AVIPATH-STAPH test was performed for detection of coagulase and Protein A, both factors are associated with S. aureus. All S. aureus strains were tested for susceptibility to a panel of 9 antimicrobial disks by the disc–agar diffusion method on Mueller -Hinton agar (oxoid), following the National Committee on Clinical Laboratory Standard. Total Soluble Protein Profiles of S. aureus strains were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Results of this study showed that, all S. aureus strains were resistance to the 9 antibiotics tested. Regarding to protein profiles results of S. aureus strains, it seems to be different from each other as in Polymorphism Analysis, protein bands and dendrogram analysis. This study confirmed the potential risk of consuming raw she-camel milk, especially upon lack of strict hygienic and preventative measures to avoid the presence of S. aureus in milk.
The extent of the impact of the surrounding environment and genetic factors on the pregnant mother and her child and its relationship to the child’s injury with autism disorder
Authors: Ola MA Abdalrahim  , Mahmoud M Adrees Hasan  , Nagea KA Abdalsadiq  , Ebtesam M Abdurabbah
Published: July 2023

Autism disorder is a complex condition that involves problems with communication and behavior and has no clear cause. but studies suggest that genes can work along with influences from the environment to influence development in ways that lead to autism. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of autism disorder in the city of Al-Bayda and the possible causes of its occurrence. The study population comprised 90 participants (69 male and 21 female, age ranges, 2-15 years) At baseline, autism disorder was more prevalent in males than female (77 % vs. 23%). Meanwhile, the prevalence of autism disorder increased with advanced the mother’s age (31%, 69%, among the mothers who were 19 to 35, 36 to 51 years of age, respectively), including the mother's conditions during pregnancy, where the percentage of autism baby deliver from mother suffered from a psychological condition was 52%, mothers constantly carried mobile phones 48%, and mother suffered from diseases during pregnancy 26%. Another cause of autism are environmental factors, as the percentage of children who watch TV constantly was 83%. Genetic factors play important rule to increase the chance of autism incidence, where 8% of autism cases came from parents of consanguinity with 33%.
Changes in income of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprise (MSME) actors in the Pahlawan Village, Tanjung Tiram Sub-District: An analysis of determinants
Authors: Rahmad Sembiring  , Uswatun Hasanah  , Anggia Ramadhan  , Annisa Ilmi Faried
Published: July 2023

The growing number of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in Pahlawan village, Coal Regency today necessitates a thorough familiarity with the Financial Accounting Standards of Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) in the Pahlawan village community of Coal Regency North Sumatra to ensure the smooth operation of businesses and the availability of reliable information for informed decision making. Financial statements generated in accordance with SAK EMKM would produce accurate and relevant financial statements, easy to comprehend, and can be compared with other comparable companies, allowing MSME participants to learn about the financial performance of their business activities. As a business development perk, SAK EMKM helps micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise (MSME) players more easily get financing from creditors as a business capital enhancer. Most functional SMEs continue to ignore widespread accounting norms in favor of more archaic practices. People in charge of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and the general public still believe that the lack of SAK EMKM will not have any effect on their business.
Comparison of the efficacy of pulsed ultrasound and laser in tooth movement: A literature review
Authors: Doménica Sofía Celi Cárdenas  , Kassandra Elizabeth Sigüenza González  , Juan Sebastián Fernández Ochoa  , María Yolanda Yunga Picón
Published: July 2023

When orthodontic treatment is performed, several cells responsible for bone remodeling are stimulated, including fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and other cells. Bone remodeling is essential as it allows us to move dental pieces from their original position to the desired location within the dental arch, correcting malocclusion, achieving functional occlusion, and, in some cases, enhancing facial harmony. One reason why patients may hesitate to undergo orthodontic treatment is the long duration, typically spanning 24 to 36 months (2-3 years). Currently, new techniques have been developed to reduce treatment time, periodontal inflammation, hyalinization and intense pain. These techniques can be classified into three categories: 1) Biochemical stimuli, 2) Mechanical or physical, and 3) Surgical intervention. A thorough search of current literature was conducted across various scientific sources to explore this topic. The objective of this literature review is to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of laser and pulsed ultrasound techniques in tooth movement. By examining the advantages and disadvantages of each physical technique, we aim to determine the most suitable and minimally invasive approach to bone remodeling, ultimately reducing orthodontic treatment time while ensuring effective tooth movement without causing unwanted pain or adverse effects for the patient.