bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЖУРНАЛДАР МЕН КӨРСЕТКІШТЕР НЕГІЗІНДЕ БАҒДАРЛАМАЛЫҚ ҚАМТАМАСЫЗ ЕТУДІҢ ІСТЕН ШЫҒУ ТӘУЕКЕЛДЕРІН БАҒАЛАУ
Authors: Валяев Денис , Мухаммеджанова Динаргуль , Мукашева Асель , Суйменбаева Жанна
Published: August 2024

Бұл мақалада әртүрлі уақыт кезеңдері бар деректер жиынтығында бағдарламалық жасақтаманың істен шығу қаупін бағалау моделін қолдану қарастырылады. Модель мәтіндерді салыстыру модельдерін (Джаро-Винклердің ұқсастығы) бөлісуге, уақыт қатарындағы ауытқуларды анықтауға (Фридманның супер тегістеуі, MST ыдырауы, квартиларалық ауқым) және тәуекелдерді талдауға (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) негізделген. Құрамдас бөліктер ретінде тәжірибеде белсенді қолданылатын жақсы зерттелген модельдер қолданылады. Осы модельдерді қатар қолданудың арқасында журнал жазбалары мен қосымшаның орындалу көрсеткіштері негізінде тәуекел параметрлерін есептеу мүмкіндігі пайда болады. Бұл зерттеу орындалу көрсеткіштерінен жедел жадты тұтынуды қарастырады. Зерттеу аясында авторлар алдыңғы мақалада келтірілген экспериментті аяқтады, соның арқасында осы модельдің тұрақтылығы туралы қорытынды жасауға мүмкіндік туды. Эксперимент кездейсоқ аралықтарда жүйенің одан әрі жұмыс істеуі үшін қауіпті мінез-құлықты имитациялайтын қосымшаны қамтиды, атап айтқанда қате туралы жазбалар журналына шығарылатын жедел жадты тұтынудағы күрт шығарындылар. Талдаудың өзі R және Kotlin бағдарламалау тілі құралдарының көмегімен жүргізілді. Зерттеу нәтижесі қатені анықтап, онымен байланысты тәуекелді бағалай отырып, мінез-құлықтың әртүрлі уақыт кезеңдеріндегі модельдің өнімділігін көрсетті және модельді одан әрі зерттеу және жетілдіру мүмкіндігін ашты
КҮРДЕЛІ ЖАҒЫДАЙЛАРДАҒЫ ҰШҚЫШСЫЗ ҰШУ АППАРАТТАРЫНЫҢ ТРАЕКТОРИЯСЫ АЛГОРИТІМІН ҚҰРУ
Authors: Хабай Анар , Абдижалел Куаныш , Ибекеев Серикбек , Жумахан Нуржан
Published: August 2024

Күрделі жағыдайларда ұшқышсыз ұшу аппараттарының траектория алгоритімін құру маңызды міндет болып табылады. Бұл мақалада күрделі үш өлшемді ортада ұшқышсыз ұшу аппараттарының қауіпсіздік талаптары мен ұшу шектеулерін қанағаттандыра отырып кеңейтетілген жаңа алгоритм ұсынылады.  Біріншіден, траекторияның екі түйіні арасындағы байланысты кеш енді бағалау үшін қауіп төндіретін күштермен мен жолдың ұзындығын қамтитын ұшу функциясы құрылады. Екіншіден, алдыңғы қатардағы ұшқышсыз ұшу траекториясын жоспарлау мәселесін шешу үшін жаңа түйіндердің кеңеюін ынталандыру мақсатында ұшу функциясы мен ұшу шектеулері таңдалады. Үшіншіден, әзірленген функцияларды негізгі түйінді жаңартуға пайдаланылды, осылайша алгоритм құру кезінде қауіп пен жолдың ұзындығы ескерере отырып модельдеу жүргізіледі. Алынған салыстыру нәтижелері бұл алгоритімнің кемшіліктерді тиімді жеңетінін көрсетеді.  Бұл жаңартылған  алогритім ҰҰА қауіпсіздігін едәуір жақсартып, сондай-ақ күрделі ортада ұшу шектеулерін қанағаттандыратын ең қысқа қашықтықты сақтайтын оңтайлы жолды жоспарлауға қабілетті болады.
CORRELATION AND RELATIONSHIP OF POLITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS, POLITICAL CULTURE AND POLITICAL BEHAVIOR
Authors: Berezynskyi L.
Published: August 2024

Deepening the understanding of the phenomenon of political culture poses two important questions: 1) what is the content and essence of political culture and 2) how to define the boundaries of this phenomenon? The questions asked require analyzing the relationship between the concepts of "political culture", "political consciousness" and "political behavior". Do political consciousness and political behavior contain what is not in political culture (and vice versa). This very question is discussed in the article and becomes relevant at the moment of destabilization of the political situation in our country.
PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS OF THE FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXISTING CHALLENGES AND THREATS
Authors: Maistro S. , Fedosova K.
Published: August 2024

The article examines the results of expert-analytical monitoring of levels and threats to economic security and its components in the conditions of Russian military aggression. The peculiarities of the formation and implementation of state policy in the sphere of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine in modern conditions are determined. The problems and contradictions of the formation and implementation of state policy in the sphere of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law are characterized. Directions for the formation and implementation of state policy in the sphere of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine in modern conditions are proposed.
DEVELOPMENT OF STATE POLICY MECHANISMS IN THE SPHERE OF DIGITALIZATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lunyak V.
Published: August 2024

The directions of the development of public management mechanisms in the field of digitalization in Ukraine from the standpoint of ensuring innovative activity have been determined. Among these directions, knowledge management, big data management, effective and balanced use of digital technologies, etc. are singled out. It has been established that there are several options for the development of public administration in the field of digitalization (centralized, decentralized, etc.). It was revealed that Ukraine is primarily characterized by centralized management. Evidence of this is the functioning Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine, which is the central body of executive power in the relevant field. This authority sets the tone in the development of the national system of public administration at all its levels. At the same time, the work identifies the need to improve the concept of digital development of the public administration system in Ukraine.
INFLUENCE OF SOME SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE NATURAL ATTENUATION OF ATRAZINE IN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SOILS
Authors: Yuguda A. U. , Tafida U. I. , Ibrahim A. S. , Yahaya A. , Adamu H. , Maijama’a S. , Sabo A.
Published: August 2024

Understanding environmental factors that help to optimize the natural attenuation of atrazine in agricultural soils is necessary to minimize contamination risks and human health risks, as well as support a healthy soil ecosystem. This study, therefore, investigated the influence of pH, temperature, soil organic matter content, often measured as total organic carbon (TOC), and moisture content on atrazine attenuation by soil microbes. Agricultural soil with a history of atrazine application was spiked with the herbicide. The effects of pH (3, 7, 10), moisture content (10%, 15%, 25%), total organic carbon (TOC, 2%, 3%, 4%), and temperature (15°C, 25°C, 45°C) on atrazine attenuation and bacterial count were evaluated at the interval of 30 days each for 60 days of incubation in nutrient agar. The residual concentrations of atrazine attenuation were determined using GC-MS analysis at the interval of 30 days each for 60 days of incubation. The results indicate that higher bacterial counts (Arthrobacter sp.) were observed at neutral pH (7.0) and moderate moisture (10%). At a neutral pH (7), only 52.1% of the initial atrazine concentration remained after 60 days due to attenuation processes. Also, Atrazine natural attenuation increased with increasing TOC where only 25.8% attenuation residual concentration was left at 4% TOC and reached a maximum of 15% moisture content with a residual concentration of 20.13% after 60 days. Similarly, the concentration of atrazine decreased as the temperature increased, with only 29.01% of the residual concentration remaining at 45ºC treatment after 60 days. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in natural attenuation between 30 and 60 days, but not after 30 days. These findings suggest that natural attenuation was favoured by higher organic matter content and moderate moisture levels, highlighting the importance of soil properties for atrazine fate in tropical soils and emphasizing the importance of studying natural attenuation processes as a viable strategy, particularly in tropical agricultural settings to minimize unnecessary contamination of soil to ensure a healthy and safe agricultural environment.
Complex means for the prevention of combined mycotoxicosis of birds
Authors: Ermolaeva O. K. , Tarasova E. Yu. , Matrosova L. E. , Tanaseva S. A. , Sofronova A. V. , Erokhondina M. A.
Published: August 2024

Poultry meat is in great demand in the food market. The main method of producing poultry meat is raising broilers. The growth of broiler chickens is largely determined by balanced feeding. In recent years, poultry diets have increasingly included biologically active additives with a pronounced positive effect on the viability and productivity of poultry. In this regard, the purpose of our study was to study the effectiveness of the use of complex preventive measures for experimental combined T-2 and aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens, taking into account the clinical, hematological status and organ weight. Broiler chickens were divided into 4 groups: birds of the first group (biological control) received only complete feed that did not contain mycotoxins; the second group served as a toxic control (feed was contaminated with a mixture of mycotoxins); the third group received a basic diet contaminated with a mixture of mycotoxins with the addition of complex agent No. 1 (plant glucans, hepatoprotector, vitamins E and C, immunostimulant); the fourth group is the main diet, contaminated with a mixture of mycotoxins with the addition of complex agent No. 2 (natural mineral bentonite, succinic acid, immunostimulant, vitamin A, probiotic based on bifidobacteria and lactobacilli). The duration of administration of toxins and prophylactic agents is 21 days. Complex agents were administered at a dose of 0.25% of the diet. As a result of the use of these agents, a decrease in the toxic load on the body was noted, which was manifested by an improvement in the clinical condition of chickens and normalization of morphological blood parameters. These results suggest that the complexes can be an effective means for reducing the toxic effects of mycotoxins on the body of broiler chickens with combined mycotoxicoses.
Immunometabolic risks in calves during the period of changing the type of feeding and the possibility of their pharmacological adjustment
Authors: Popova O. S. , Parshin P. A. , Alеkhin Y. N.
Published: August 2024

Most diseases of young animals are initiated by pathologies of non-contagious etiology, such as disorders of degenerative processes, the imbalance of metabolism in the occurrence of which the leading role belongs to negative environmental factors. The purpose of our work was to study the state of the immune system and metabolism in calves during the period of changes in the type of feeding and the possibility of pharmacological correction of their disorders. An experiment was conducted on a dairy farm located in the Pscov’s region, the object of which was clinically healthy heifers. To conduct the experiment, using the method of selecting analogues, two groups of clinically healthy calves were formed at the age of 52 days: № 1 (control, n = 60) animals received feed in accordance with the technology, № 2 (n = 62) - in addition to basic diets, calves received three courses of 7 days with an interval of 5 days of sorption-metabolic premix at a dose of 0.20 g/kg per day. This feed additive has the properties of an enterosorbent, hepatoprotective and ruminoprotective agent, and its constituent flavonoids and humic acid affect the immune system. During the period of the experiment, i.e., from 53 to 86 days of life, calves undergo metabolic restructuring, which puts a functional load on all body systems with a corresponding risk of disruption of their functions. In particular, there is a risk of biochemical deficiency syndrome in the rumen, toxic liver dystrophy and anemia, the initiating factor of which, as our research has shown, is endogenous toxins, including proinflammatory interleukins. The administration of the phytopos-rum premix eliminated the accumulation of endotoxins and has a hepatoprotective effect, which reduces the risks of metabolic disorders, liver and bone marrow functions and digestive processes in the rumen, and increases the metabolic and immunological uniformity of the livestock.
The epizootic situation of bovine leukemia in the Republic of Dagestan in 2023
Authors: Mustafaev A. R.
Published: August 2024

Bovine enzootic leukemia (EBLV) remains an acute problem for animal husbandry in many regions of Russia. Based on this, the goal was set: to study the epizootic situation of bovine leukemia in the Republic of Dagestan. The material for the study was taken from the official source of the Veterinary Committee of the Republic, as well as supplemented with our own serological blood tests for bovine leukemia virus (bovine leukemia). Laboratory tests for the detection of antibodies to BLV in RID were carried out according to the "Guidelines for the diagnosis of bovine leukemia" (2000). Research results: the spread of BLV has been established in some municipal districts and urban districts throughout the republic. In 2023, from all veterinary laboratories (stations), serological studies were conducted in the amount of 1101,689 animal blood samples for BLV. Of the animals studied, antibodies to the BLV antigen in RID were obtained in 2,778 (0.25%) samples. A high percentage of animal HCV infection was detected in the following districts and cities: Kizlyarsky – 2% (388), Tlaratinsky – 1.3% (341), Botlikhsky – 1.2% (450), Babayurt – 1.1% (188), Gunibsky – 0.8% (228) and in Makhachkala – 0.9% (180). In 16 districts and in Khasavyurt, the percentage of infection of animals with BLV was at the level of 0.3% or lower. We obtained 440 animal blood samples from sample farms, which were examined in the RID. 37 (8.4%) animal blood samples gave a positive result for BLV. Thus, the general epizootic situation in EBLV remains relevant, but the prevalence of BLV among animals is decreasing in the republic.
The biological role of chromium is the rationale, experience and prospects of its application to cattle
Authors: Voronina O. A. , Sivkina O. N. , Zaitsev S. Yu.
Published: August 2024

The biological effect of chromium on the body of farm animals is primarily due to the chemical form of the compound and the duration of use. Chromium is one of the most important ultramicroelements, but its essential role in the body was experimentally proven only in the second half of the 20th century. The kinetic inertness of the ions of three-valence chromium does not allow the element to be involved in many biochemical reactions, at the same time, this effect ensures the prolongation of specific cellular processes associated with the entry of glucose into the cell. Among the most commonly used feed additives are: ultrafine or nanoparticles of trivalent chromium oxide, picolinate, acetate or propionate of chromium, complex compounds of amino acids with chromium. The issues of regulating their use depend on the specific country and the requirements for the maximum permissible concentrations of chromium content in feed and agricultural products obtained, as well as on the regulatory legislative framework. Numerous experimental data on the effects of chromium deficiency indicate the development of glucose tolerance, a decrease in the rate of its cellular utilization and a slowdown in energy metabolism. The effects observed when additional sources of chromium are introduced into the diet of cattle are expressed in increasing the digestibility of dry matter, acting on the activity of digestive enzymes, stimulating the species diversity of the rumen microbiota, increasing milk yield, etc. The experimental data obtained and the results of the meta-analysis confirm a significant increase in the productivity of dairy cows with the introduction of chromium supplements into the diet, which is an important achievement in the practice of dairy farming. Most of the work described in this review was carried out abroad, which requires intensification in Russia of both experimental research and work on correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between chromium supplements and productivity indicators of dairy cows.
Anatomical and topographic patterns of the thymus of black-and-white calves in prenatal ontogenesis
Authors: Vasiliev D. V. , Shchipakin M. V.
Published: August 2024

The thymus is the main organ of the immune system, which is responsible for the formation and maintenance of immunogenesis, as well as the proliferation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes. In embryogenesis, the growth and development of the thymus occurs earlier than other peripheral organs of the immune system. Its laying in cattle is carried out in the early period of embryonic development (25-27 days), according to the periodization of life and critical phases of ontogenesis. By the time of birth, the thymus is fully formed and functional. Due to the successful development of immunology, information about the morphofunctional patterns of the organs of the immune system is significantly supplemented. However, despite significant advances in this field of morphology and physiology of immunocompetent organs, many questions, in particular about the structure of the thymus, remain insufficiently studied, especially in productive animals of different species and breeds. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The material was the corpses of the fruits of black-and-white calves in the amount of seven pieces at the age of 8-9 months of intrauterine development, with an average weight of 20.0 kg. Fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, weighing, and photographing were used as research methods. The aim of the study was to establish anatomical and topographic patterns of the thymus of black– and-white calves in prenatal ontogenesis, as well as to obtain morphometric data. As a result of the study, it was found that the thymus topographically begins from the thirteenth tracheal ring and goes to the third rib and consists of three lobes: cervical, middle, thoracic. The cervical lobe prevails over the middle and thoracic in all linear parameters, except for the width of the thoracic lobe. The intensity of growth of the cervical and thoracic lobes is asynchronous.
S100ß are immunopositive glial cells of the rat heart in early postnatal ontogenesis
Authors: Chumasov E. I. , Petrova E. S. , Korzhevskii D. E.
Published: August 2024

The study of the innervation of the main organ of the cardiovascular system, the heart, is an important problem of modern neurobiology. Most research on this topic is devoted to the study of nervous structures in humans and animals; glial cells are studied less. Nevertheless, glia plays an important role in maintaining the metabolism of the nervous apparatus and, by producing biologically active substances, affects the state of tissues and organs, both normally and in pathology. The purpose of this work is to study glial cells in the rat heart in the early postnatal period of development using an immunohistochemical marker, the S100β protein. The object of the study was the heart of Wistar rats at the age of seven days of postnatal development (P7) (n=12). Using immunohistochemical detection of a neural marker - the PGP 9.5 protein, the neural structures of the heart of P7 rats were studied. To identify glial cells, immunohistochemical detection of the S100β protein was used. The S100β protein belongs to the group of calcium-binding proteins and is expressed in glial cells of the central and peripheral nervous system. The study revealed a significant difference in the innervation of the upper and middle parts of the heart of P7 rats. Only in the right atrium was a pronounced concentration of nerve structures found, mainly in the region of the sinus node. It was established that in P7 rats, proepicardial cells express the S100β protein, characteristic of neurolemmocytes. A hypothesis has been put forward about the pos sibility of developing part of the glial cells of the myocardium of the right atrium and right ventricle from progenitor multipotent cells of the proepicardium through epithelialmesenchymal transformation.
Obtaining cattle embryos using ready-made media of the scientific and production enterprise "Paneco"
Authors: Homenko V. A. , Borodina S. V. , Svetlik M. V. , Tomova T. A. , Moshkina M. V.
Published: August 2024

The development and widespread practical application of in vitro embryo production technology will make it possible to replenish the herd population in a short time, preserve and replicate valuable genotypes, as well as create new genotypes using the method of genome editing. Livestock breeding is tasked with providing agriculture with a high–value herd in a fairly short time, while farmers are charged with replenishing the herd in a short time, which is possible only with the active introduction of assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro embryo production (IVP technology). The use of domestically produced cultural media in technology will ensure greater accessibility, reduced economic costs and the rapid development of breeding workin Russia. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the IVP technology when using culture media from the domestic manufacturer SPE “PanEco” (Russia) to obtain cattle embryos in vitro. Our own protocol for obtaining cattle embryos was based on the protocols of culture media manufacturers SPE “PanEco” and IVF Bioscience (UK). Thus, for the first time using the line of media from the domestic manufacturer “PanEco” to obtain cattle embryos in vitro under incubation conditions at temperatures from plus 38.6 ◦C to plus 38.9 ◦C, CO2 content 6.2-6.8 % and uncontrolled humidity, on 6-8 days after a period of time from 140 to 182 hours from the moment of fertilization, 30.4 % of embryos were obtained at the blastocyst stage in relation to the total number of fertilized oocytes that reached the stage of 2 – 4 blastomeres.
Evaluation of anatomical and radiological measurements of the proximal phalanx of the horse
Authors: Chernigova S. V. , Suchkov M. V. , Zubkova N. V. , Dochilova E. S.
Published: August 2024

When performing osteosynthesis by screw fixation, it is important to carry out operational planning (choosing the screw of the optimal length and diameter). Choosing the optimal osteosynthesis tactics and the correct screw size allows you to stimulate regeneration and prevent possible complications. The X-ray examination method is included in the mandatory criterion of preoperative examination, which allows you to determine the size of the deformation and bone parameters. The present study is based on the hypothesis that the lifetime X-ray measurement of the bone of the proximal phalanx of a horse (longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the proximal and distal epiphysis and diaphysis, bone length), allows us to justify the size and technique of fixing the screw in the treatment of fractures. Morphometric studies included macroscopic dissection; morphometry of bone preparations; Xray measurement of the putus bone; documentation of the data obtained, photographing. A morphometric study was performed on 20 bone preparations (10 thoracic and 10 pelvic) and 40 X-ray images (20 in lateromedial and 20 in dorso-palmar/plantar projections) of the proximal phalanx of the horse. As a result of the work performed, it was found that the variability of parameters (longitudinal and transverse size of the proximal epiphysis, longitudinal and transverse size of the distal epiphysis; the longitudinal and transverse size of the diaphysis, bone length) of the fetal bone of the thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses for average values has no significant deviations (up to 1%), while the differences between the minimum and maximum values range from 20.0% to 66.6% for values obtained by anatomical method; from 12.2% and 33.3% for the Xray method.
Analysis of the causes of sheep endoparasites in farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region
Authors: Palavkov E. S.
Published: August 2024

This article reflects current data on the assessment of the epizootic situation for the main endoparasitoses of small cattle in two peasant (farm) farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region with similar animal conditions. The level of extensive invasion (EI) of sheep by pathogens of parasitic diseases was established, and the age and seasonal dynamics of the spread were studied. The level of infection of livestock with strongylates of the gastrointestinal tract with an EI of 87-97%, protostrongylidoses of the genus Mullerius (M. capillaris) with EI – 53%, tapeworms of the genus Moniezia (M. expansa) – 69%, trematodes Fasciola hepatica with EI – 24-28% and eimeria with EI – 96-98%. The analysis of the causes of diseases in the territories of the studied farms was carried out, and the main mechanisms of transmission of pathogens to susceptible animals were considered. A number of violations of the conditions of keeping small cattle in the conditions of the farms under study were identified: crowded livestock, untimely change of bedding and manure cleaning, keeping young animals together with adult animals, as well as violations of microclimate conditions (reduced air velocity and increased concentration of inert gases harmful to animals). In addition, an important factor in the spread of pathogens of invasive diseases among animals on the farms under study is the deworming of livestock without taking into account the characteristics of the life cycle of parasites and the timing of their preimaginal stages, as well as the duration of endogenous and exogenous stages of development of protozoa of the Eimeria genus.Thus, causal relationships in the occurrence and circulation of pathogens of invasive diseases of small cattle among livestock in the territory of the farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region were studied and determined, taking into account the climatic and geographical features of the area and the seasons of the year
KANDUNGAN Na/K DALAM BUAH TROPIS DI TIGA NEGARA ASEAN: KAJIAN PUSTAKA
Authors: Andini Alfita Nur , Hasanah Aliya Nur , Mutakin Mutakin
Published: August 2024

Hipertensi pada masyarakat mengalami peningkatan prevalensi disebabkan oleh faktor gaya hidup dan pola makan. Hipertensi dapat dicegah dengan manajemen konsumsi makanan seperti buah-buahan dalam mempertahankan asupan kalium. Buah merupakan salah satu sumber makanan yang mengandung tinggi kalium. Kalium dapat mempertahankan tekanan darah dalam rentang normal jika bekerja bersama natrium. Tingginya konsumsi kalium dalam buah dapat membantu proses natriuresis sehingga tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik akan turun. Tujuan dari ulasan ini adalah mengetahui kadar natrium dan kalium dalam buah tropis di tiga negara ASEAN untuk mengontrol tekanan darah pada masyarakat. Studi ini melibatkan 12 jurnal dan artikel nasional maupun internasional sesuai dengan kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu “kadar, kalium, natrium, buah tropis”. Buah tropis mengandung lebih banyak kalium dengan rasio 0,5-100 kali kadar natrium yang dapat membantu dalam mengontrol tekanan darah. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan buah tropis dengan kandungan kalium tinggi terdapat pada durian chanee kadar mencapai 4358,6 mg/100g, sedangkan kandungan natrium tinggi terdapat pada buah merah dengan kadar mencapai 166,67 mg/100g.
OVERVIEW PRESCRIBING WITH DUPLICATED NSAID THERAPY WITHOUT GASTRIC PROTECTIVE AGENTS AT A HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nurmesa Adi , Rachman Abu , Jannah Wardatul
Published: August 2024

Pain is a defence mechanism for the body that arises when the tissues in the body are being damaged. Pain therapy can be used in the form of NSAIDs. In prescribing NSAIDs, there is a risk of drug-related problems in the form of treatment duplication without gastroprotective. This study aims to determine the description of the type of duplication of NSAIDs without gastroprotective and explain pharmacist intervention efforts in reducing drug-related problems in prescribing NSAIDs. This retrospective observational study is conducted on all incoming prescriptions at the pharmacy satellite in March-June 2022 at one of the hospitals in Indonesia. The results of this study found 53 cases of duplication of NSAID therapy without gastroprotective from a total of 3,200 prescriptions, with the most duplication of NSAID therapy between Ibuprofen 400 mg and Mefenamic Acid 500 mg 24 cases. Pharmacist intervention in the form of clinical prescription screening is beneficial to avoid the risk of drug-related problems in prescribing NSAIDs.
UJI PENENTUAN NILAI SPF (Sun Protection Factor) PADA SEDIAAN EMULGEL EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) SEBAGAI TABIR SURYA
Authors: Nurlaila Putri Saniah , Makiyatuzahro Dede Avissa , Kuncoro Aditiya , Mardianingrum Richa
Published: August 2024

Salah satu produk perawatan kulit yang melindungi dari sinar UV adalah tabir surya. Kulit Manggis, yang kaya akan senyawa antioksidan seperti turunan benzofenon, dapat diformulasikan menjadi tabir surya dalam bentuk emulgel untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan dan efektivitas penggunaan. Evaluasi sifat fisik dari emulgel yang mengandung ekstrak etanol 96% Kulit Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) dengan berbagai konsentrasi dilakukan untuk menentukan nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental, dimulai dari ekstraksi kulit buah Manggis menggunakan metode maserasi, diikuti dengan pembuatan formulasi emulgel, dan penentuan SPF secara in vitro berdasarkan metode perhitungan yang dikembangkan oleh Mansur dan A.J. Petro. Hasil uji sifat fisik sediaan emulgel yang terdiri dari Uji organoleptis dan homogenitas, Uji pH, Uji Viskositas memenuhi persyaratan sediaan emulgel yang baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya SPF (Sun Protection Factor) dengan konsentrasi 2% sebesar 19,366 SPF, konsentrasi 4 % sebesar 19,906 SPF, konsentrasi 6 % sebesar 26,440 SPF. Dapat disimpulkan sediaan emulgel ekstrak kulit  Manggis mampu sebagai agen tabir surya yang memiliki nilai SPF (Sun Protection Factor) dengan kategori proteksi ultra..
Awareness of Spinal Cord Injury Among Medical Students at Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia: A CrossSectional Study
Authors: Tawakul Abdullah , Samkari Jamil , Babateen Omar , Alzubaidi Bandar , Alhuzali Mohammed , Alshinkity Mohammed , Abeeri Naif , Alshrif Alabbas , Almalki Mohammed , Alnashri Abdulrahman
Published: August 2024

Background: spinal cord injuries (scis) are known for their significant impact, often associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Effective first aid plays a pivotal role in mitigating the severity of scis and enhancing patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the understanding and awareness of first-aid measures for scis among medical students in saudi arabia.
A Comprehensive Review on Hydrocele
Authors: Dhadwal Avantika , Aniket Aniket , Kumari Priyanka , Thakur Chandani , Shikha Shikha
Published: August 2024

Hydrocele rupture is circumstances which is seen hardly ever. In this paper, we have studied about the treatments, diagnosis and other topics related with it. It is an irregular build up of fluid in the tunica vaginalis between the parietal and visceral layers. It is a very widespreadstate that causes scrotal mass and pain in men, rupture of Hydrocele is astrangecircumstance in regular clinical practice. In the modern journalism less than 10 cases have been reported. Ambroise Pare wrote a description of hydrocele testis as early as the fifteenth century. Varicocelectomy ranks second in the most common causes of hydrocele in teenagers. It is arises from an imbalance of secretion and reabsortpion of fluid from the tunica vaginalis. In the simple wording it is a kind of enlargement in the skin pouch that houses the testicles, the scrotum. The best treatment for Hydrocele is a surgical course of action which is also recognized as hydrocelectomy [it is a removal of sac lining].
Naegleria fowleri 98 Percent Fatal a Comprehensive Survey
Authors: Shirsath Sai Samadhan , Samadhan Shirsath Vaishanavi , Tanaji Bhopale Rahul
Published: August 2024

Naegleria fowleri, colloquially termed the "brain-eating amoeba," presents a formidable public health concern due to its astonishingly high fatality rate of 98%. This abstract provides a thorough examination of the various aspects surrounding Naegleria fowleri, encompassing its morphology, life cycle, transmission routes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. Naegleria fowleri, an amoeboid protist, thrives in warm freshwater environments, predominantly in regions with elevated temperatures. Infections occur when contaminated water enters the nasal passages, leading to primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), an acute and often fatal condition affecting the central nervous system. The clinical course of PAM is rapid, with symptoms escalating from initial flu-like manifestations to severe neurological impairment within days. Diagnosis of PAM remains challenging, relying on specialized laboratory techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence assays. Despite efforts to develop effective treatments, mortality rates remain alarmingly high, emphasizing the critical importance of preventive measures. Avoiding freshwater activities in warm, stagnant water bodies, utilizing nose clips or plugs during water-related activities, and ensuring proper disinfection of recreational water sources are key strategies in mitigating the risk of the risk of Naegleria fowleri infections and reducing its devastating impact on public health.
Ecoendoscopia con manómetro para el diagnostico de la hipertension portal
Authors: Maesa Márquez José María , Isabel Gómez Rebeca
Published: August 2024

• El dispositivo EchoTip Insight® consiste en una aguja de biopsias con un manómetro incorporado acoplable a un sistema de ecoendoscopia. Su utilidad es la determinación del gradiente de presión portal (GPP) mediante la medición con la aguja de la presión en la vena suprahepática y la vena porta. Se propone como método directo para el diagnóstico de la hipertensión portal. • Los dispositivos tipo EchoTip Insight® se presentan como alternativa al sistema habitual de diagnóstico de la HP: el gradiente de presión venoso hepático, GPVH, que es un método indirecto y que requiere la utilización de radiación ionizante y contraste (fluoroscopia). • Los objetivos específicos de esta revisión se centraron en la valoración de la seguridad y la eficacia de la determinación del GPP para la HP mediante EchoTip Insight®. • Se buscó en las bases de datos referenciales MedLine, Embase, WOS y ECRI (hasta junio de 2023), así como en el registro de ensayos clínicos de la Cochrane Library y la Red Internacional de Agencias de Evaluación de Tecnologías. También se revisó manualmente diversos sitios WEB relacionados con el tema. • Se seleccionaron tres estudios para ser incluidos en esta revisión. Todos ellos fueron series de casos que no incluyeron grupo control ni comparación directa con el método de referencia. • En estos estudios no se encontraron problemas de seguridad, no habiéndose registrado en los casos incluidos ningún evento adverso grave. • La eficacia del método no se ha podido obtener en términos de validez diagnóstica debido a la limitación en el diseño de los estudios localizados, que no son estudios de pruebas diagnósticas. • En resumen, los estudios publicados hasta la fecha sobre la tecnología evaluada son preliminares. Harían falta estudios de pruebas diagnósticas con diseños de fase II y III de Sackett para poder obtener datos sobre la validez diagnóstica y una conclusión sobre la seguridad. También sería importante tener en cuenta el posible efecto que la sedación profunda, necesaria en el caso de la encodoscopia, pueda tener en la presión portal.
Smart Hospitals: Integrating AI for Enhanced Patient Outcomes
Authors: Subash Chandra Nayak
Published: August 2024

The use of information technology and artificial intelligence in the healthcare sector has brought about smart hospitals. These hospitals incorporate AI, IoT, big data analytics, and robotics to increase productivity, optimize patient care, and decrease expenses. This paper aims at discussing the current trends in application of advanced IT in hospitals and the role of AI in enhancing the quality of patient care, clinical outcomes and financial performance. The study used a retrospective cohort design in two large hospitals in New York City and Los Angeles to evaluate the adoption of AI technologies from 2019 to 2023. The EHRs and interviews with the healthcare providers and patients were used to assess the mortality, complication, length of stay, and readmission rates before and after the implementation of AI. The findings show that there are statistically significant positive changes in patient outcomes after the integration of AI in smart hospital solutions. Issues related to data integration, privacy, and clinicians’ acceptance of AI-generated suggestions are also considered. This research contributes to the knowledge of the changes that AI brings to the healthcare system and the directions for the development of smart hospitals.
THE FACTORS INFLUENCING SOLVENCY RATIO OF INSURERS IN THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: AKGÜL Yusuf
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes the impacts of selected financial variables on the solvency values of 918 insurance companies from 36 European countries for the period 2017-2021. The solvency indicators used in this paper are the equity-to-assets ratio, debt-to-assets ratio, and debt-to-equity ratio, respectively, which are obtained from the balance sheets of the companies. As independent variables, return on assets, liquidity level, firm size, conservation ratio, and the COVID-19 pandemic are employed. Panel two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression analysis is utilized as a solution methodology. As a result of the analysis, a strong and negative association is found between company size and solvency values. Significant linkages are found between the other independent variables, such as return on assets, liquidity, and conservation rates, and the solvency variables. Moreover, it is observed that the COVID-19 epidemic has a negative effect on the solvency factors.
UTILISING WARRANTY AND INDEMNITY INSURANCE TO ADDRESS ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION
Authors: ERDEM Fatih Buğra , ÖZTÜRK Meva
Published: August 2024

Although effective due diligence has been made in acquisitions, many legal problems arise due to the fact that there are inaccuracies and misrepresentations in the statements made by the seller after the closing due to asymmetric information. The paper mainly analyzes the importance of the spread of declaration and guarantee insurance as a solution to these problems. Merger and acquisition initiatives are gaining more and more intensity at the national and international level. Compensation responsibilities arising from the violation of declarations and warranties, which are frequently encountered in this process, are among the issues that buyers and sellers fear most. In this context, it is thought that the dissemination of declaration and guarantee insurance is one of the most effective ways to neutralize this risk. Declaration and guarantee insurance acts as a bridge between the protection demands of the buyers and the aims of the sellers to provide a clean exit. Especially in the case of mergers and acquisitions, it helps the contracting parties to minimize their risks by indemnifying the financial losse that may arise due to the declarations and warranties presented regarding the relevant share and the target company by the insurer. With the transfer of the indemnity responsibility arising from the declaration and warranty violation of the seller after the closing to the insurance company, the parties have placed the sales process on a more secure basis. While the buyer has access to the assurance of indemnifying the financial losses arising from the violation of the declarations and commitments presented to him about the share subject to the sale and the target company from the insurance company, the seller will have the opportunity to transfer his portfolio risk-free by transferring his post-sale responsibilities to the insurer. For this reason, declaration and guarantee insurance are frequently preferred by strategic investors, especially hedge funds.
THE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION OF BANGLADESHI COMMERCIAL BANKS LIQUIDITY POSITION, BANK SIZE, AND INTERNAL CAPITAL GENERATING ABILITY TO INCREASE PROFITABILITY
Authors: Al MOSHARRAFA Rana
Published: August 2024

The banking system is the lifeblood of an economy. This study aims to inspect the extent of the impact of banks’ managerial issues in terms of liquidity position, bank size and internal capitalgenerating capacity on the profit-making ability of commercial banks in Bangladesh during the period of 2007 to 2018. To examine data, a static panel model is constructed by considering 57 commercial banks. Indicators of a bank’s profitability include return on assets, return on equity, and net interest margin. The Fixed Effect model and the Random Effect models are considered as the baseline estimations and the Ordinary Least Square estimation was performed to inspect the
robustness of the data. The study suggests that the liquidity position and internal capital generation rate have a highly positive and significant impact on bank profitability. But bank size is significantly negatively correlated with banking profit. The rivalry, as assessed by the HerfindahlHirschman Index, has a strong beneficial impact on the profitability of banks, supporting the impact of industry-specific variables. Inflation and spread are two macroeconomic factors that have a detrimental but minor effect on bank profitability. The findings might increase management’s awareness of the banking sector in Bangladesh as well as provide a proposition to policymakers.
THE SIGNIFICANCE AND USE OF TAKAFUL INSURANCE IN THE ISLAMIC FINANCE SYSTEM
Authors: ÇELİK İrem Nur , AKPINAR Özgür
Published: August 2024

In recent years, there has been a significant and swift advancement of the Islamic financial system, also known as interest-free finance. While the Islamic finance system is growing and developing so rapidly, the place and importance of takaful insurance, which is the cornerstone of the system, in the Islamic finance system are increasing day by day. The transactions carried out in the Islamic finance system, which operates in accordance with Islamic procedures and rules, can be carried out smoothly thanks to the financial protection and trust offered by takaful. Therefore, this article sheds light on how important and necessary takaful, one of the most important financing methods of the Islamic finance sector, is for the Islamic finance system.
PRESENTATION OF RISK AND RISK PERCEPTION IN INSURANCE ADVERTISEMENTS IN TURKEY: THE CASE OF 1963 HAYAT MAGAZINE
Authors: DARICI Sefer , EL OUAHABI Siham
Published: August 2024

In parallel with the development of the insurance sector in Turkey, there has been an increase in the number of print advertisements. This increase has been reflected in the content of advertisements in direct proportion to the development of both the insurance sector and the advertising sector. It is possible to see the traces of this development, especially in the presentation of risk and risk perception in advertisements. This study aims to reveal how insurance advertisements presented risk and risk perception to the public in the past. Insurance advertisements published in Hayat Magazine in 1963 were selected through convenience sampling. Then, common codes were extracted from the advertisements through content analysis conducted independently by two researchers. The advertisements emphasizing risk and risk perception presented with any visuals were determined by criterion sampling from purposive sampling methods and 3 advertisements meeting these criteria were analyzed by both content analysis and visual semiotics analysis methods. Within the framework of its limitations, the research highlights two main themes in the presentation of risk and risk perception in insurance advertisements: 1- Risk and risk perception are presented to society with content based on fear of the future. 2- The contents mostly emphasize socio-cultural elements and life practices.
A HYBRID FRAMEWORK BASED ON PSI AND CRADIS METHODS FOR ASSESSING CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: AYDIN Yüksel
Published: August 2024

The aim of the present paper is to analyze corporate financial performance in the banking industry. For this purpose, the present manuscript presents a new hybrid decisionmakingmodel consisting of PSI and CRADIS procedures. In the developed decision-making model, PSI objective weighting methods are employed to assign significance weights to the criteria, while CRADIS, a relatively new algorithm, is utilized to rank bank financial performance. The proposed decision-making model was employed to evaluate the financial performance of Kuveyt Turk Participation Bank. Sensitivity and benchmarking analyzes were conducted to check the robustness of the introduced decision-making tool. According to the findings of the study, the most important criterion in determining the financial performance of the relevant participation bank is the ratio of total loans to total assets. Furthermore, the CRADIS technique’s results show that, while financial instability is present in bank performance in general, there is a notable
improvement in bank performance following 2015. Moreover, sensitivity and comparison analyzes prove that the integrated framework in this study is a powerful, reliable and useful decision tool that can be used in assessing the financial performance of banks.
ASSESSMENT OF MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF OECD COUNTRIES PRE AND DURING COVID-19 WITH MSD, LMAW AND PIV PROCEDURES
Authors: ÇAMLIBEL Fuat
Published: August 2024

This study empirically investigates the effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic on the performance of OECD countries in terms of macroeconomic indicators using a noval integrated MCDM model with MSD as an objective weighting procedure, LMAW as a subjective weighting procedure, and PIV as a ranking method.In line with the purpose of the study, six basic macroeconomic indicators are determined to evaluate the countries’ performance. Then, these two weighting results (MSD and LMAW) are combined with the weight aggregation operator to obtain the optimal weights of the criteria. Then, optimal weights are transferred to the PIV model. The results reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in the performance of most OECD countries. The empirical results obtained from this study can contribute to both governments and policy makers in improving economic performance.
One Village in Subcarpathia: Census Data from Hungary and Czechoslovakia
Authors: Swanson John C.
Published: August 2024

Census reports—mainly the questions concerning language and nationality, as well as other similar inquiries—can be very useful to think about the everyday people of Central and Eastern Europe, in this case specifically about Subcarpathia. This examination of the census data from 1910, 1921, 1930, and 1941 (mainly from 1910 and 1930) can provide insights into the story of the Jewish (as well as non-Jewish) community of the town of Bilke. Such an examination can complicate our understanding of Subcarpathia and Central and Eastern Europe, as well as modernity in general, and at the same time it can clarify our understanding of these same regions and movements. In this case the censuses concerning Bilke allow us to view a world that is not always in focus.