bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leucoedema em fumantes de maconha (cannabis sativa-lin.)
Authors: Ebling Hardy , Nesi Waldir , Wagner Edgar M.
Published: December 2021

Estudo clínico e histológico da mucosa bucal de 29 fumantes habituais de maconha e que tinham, na mucosa oral, manchas persistentes e esbranquiçadas. Em 27 as manchas eram leucoedema, como foi demonstrado histologicamente. Estudou-se clínica e histologicamente a mucosa oral de 29 fumantes de maconha, encarcerados em penitenciárias do Rio de Janeiro. Todos eram de raça negra, com idade de 18 a 38 anos e o hábito de fumar maconha variava entre 6 a 21 anos.

Para exame microscópico foi obtido material observando-se os cuidados preconizados por Sanstaed e Lowe (5), da face interna da bochecha, zona mais representativa. O material foi processado e corado por H.E., P.A.S., e Van Gieson.
Lactobacilos e germes sintetizadores de amilopectina na saliva e placa dental
Authors: Tovo Luiz Carlos
Published: December 2021

Foi investigado o tipo de correspondência existente entre os lactobacilos e os germes sintetizadores amilopectina, da saliva e placa dental. Utilizou-se de 40 indivíduos, de idade entre 18 e 25 anos, divididos em quatro grupos, considerando-se os índices CPOS e a presença e ausência de caviades de cárie, estatìsticamente diferentes.
Luxação da articulação têmporo-mandibular: tratamento cirúrgico
Authors: Wagner João Ephraim , Wagner João Carlos Birnfeld
Published: December 2021

Os autores apresentam uma técnica cirúrgica de fácil execução para corrigir a luxação que consiste, basicamente, na pasagem de um fio de aço inoxidável na parte inferior da arcada zigomática, cincunscrevendo-a.
The Chirality of Isotopomers of Glycine Compared using Next-Generation QTAIM
Authors: Nie Xing , Yang Yong , Xu Tianlv , Biczysko Malgorzata , Kirk Steven , Jenkins Samantha
Published: December 2021

The effect of the presence of a deuterium (D) or tritium (T) isotope
bonded to the alpha carbon of glycine is determined without the need to
apply external forces e.g. electric fields or using normal mode
analysis. Isotopic effects were accounted for using the mass-dependent
diagonal Born-Oppenheimer energy correction (DBOC) at the CCSD level of
theory. We calculated the stress tensor trajectories of the dominant C-N
bond within next generation quantum theory of atoms in molecules
(NG-QTAIM). S-character chirality was discovered using the stress tensor
trajectories, instead of the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog (CIP) rules, for
ordinary glycine. The S-character chirality was preserved after the
substitution of the H on the alpha carbon for a D isotope but
transformed to R-character chirality after replacement with the T
isotope. This reversal of the chirality depending on the presence of a
single D or T isotope bound to the alpha carbon adds to the debate on
the nature of the extraterrestrial origins of chirality in simple amino
acids. We demonstrate that NG-QTAIM is a promising tool for
understanding isotopic induced electronic charge density changes, useful
in analysis of infrared (IR) or circular dichroism (CD) spectra
explaining changes in mode couplings and bands intensities or sign.
SARS CoV-2 Variants and Spike Mutations Involved in Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Radhakrishna Muttineni , R Binitha , Putty Kalyani , Marpakala Kavitha , Jaslin Panyam , Aravind Vemula , Singh Shashi Mohan , Balachandran Subin , K Sandra , Kondapi Anand Kumar
Published: December 2021

Against the backdrop of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India
that started in March 2021, we have monitored the spike (S) protein
mutations in all the reported (GISAID portal) whole genome sequences of
SARS CoV-2 circulating in India from 1 January 2021
to 31 August 2021. In the 43,102 SARS-CoV-2 genomic
sequences analysed, we have identified 24, 260 mutations in the S
protein, based on which 265 pango lineages could be categorised. The
dominant lineage in most of the 28 states of India and its 8 union
territories was B.1.617.2 (the delta variant). However, the states
Madhya Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Punjab had B.1.1.7 (alpha variant)
as the major lineage, while the Himachal Pradesh state reported B.1.36
as the dominating lineage. A detailed analysis of various domains of S
protein was carried out for detecting mutations having a prevalence of
>1%; 70, 18, 7, 3, 9, 4, and 1 (N=112) such mutations were
observed in the N -terminal domain, receptor binding domain, C -terminal
domain, fusion peptide region, heptapeptide repeat (HR)-1 domains,
signal peptide domain, and transmembrane region, respectively. However,
no mutations were recorded in the HR-2, and cytoplasmic domains of the S
protein. Interestingly, 13.39% (N=15) of these mutations were reported
to increase the infectivity and pathogenicity of the virus; 2%(N=3)
were known to be vaccine breakthrough mutations; and 0.89%(N=1) were
known to escape neutralising antibodies. Biological significance of 82%
(N=92) of the reported mutations is yet unknown. As SARS-CoV-2 variants
are emerging rapidly, it is critical to continuously monitor local viral
mutations to understand national trends of virus circulation. This can
tremendously help in designing better preventive regimens in the
country, and avoid vaccine breakthrough infections.
Large-scale lateral saturated soil hydraulic conductivity as metric for the connectivity of the subsurface flow paths at hillslope scale
Authors: Pirastru Mario , Iovino Massimo , Awada Hassan , Marrosu Roberto , Prima Simone Di , Giadrossich F.
Published: December 2021

Lateral saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks,l, is the soil
property governing subsurface water transfer in hillslopes, and the key
parameter in many numerical models simulating hydrological processes
both at the hillslope and catchment scales. Likewise, the hydrological
connectivity of lateral flow paths plays a significant role in
determining the intensity of the subsurface flow at various spatial
scales. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship
between Ks,l and hydraulic connectivity at the hillslope spatial scale.
Ks,l was determined by the subsurface flow rates intercepted by drains,
and by water table depths observed in a well network. Hydraulic
connectivity of the lateral flow paths was evaluated by the
synchronicity among piezometric peaks, and between the latter and the
peaks of drained flow. Soil moisture and precipitation data were used to
investigate the influence of the transient hydrological soil condition
on connectivity and Ks,l. It was found that the higher was the
synchronicity of the water table response between wells, the lower was
the time lag between the peaks of water levels and those of the drained
subsurface flow. Moreover, the most synchronic water table rises
determined the highest drainage rates. The relationships between Ks,l
and water table depths were highly non-linear, with a sharp increase of
the values for water table levels close to the soil surface. Estimated
Ks,l values for the full saturated soil were in the order of thousands
of mm h-1, suggesting the activation of macropores in the root zone. The
Ks,l values determined at the peak of the drainage events were
correlated with the indicators of synchronicity. The sum of the
antecedent soil moisture and of the precipitation was correlated with
the indicators of connectivity and with Ks,l. We suggest that, for
simulating realistic processes at the hillslope scale, the hydraulic
connectivity could be implicitly considered in hydrological modelling
through an evaluation of Ks,l at the same spatial scale.
Variations in δ13CDIC and influencing factors in a shallow macrophytic lake on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: implications for the lake carbon cycle
Authors: Jin Yanxiang , Jin Xin
Published: December 2021

The primary sources of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in water are
carbonate materials and CO produced during the
biological processing of organic matter. The application of carbon
isotope techniques to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems can accurately
elucidate carbon fluxes and other carbon cycle processes in these
systems. Lake ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are fragile and
sensitive to changes in climate and environment. This study explored the
relationship between the carbon isotopic composition
(δC) of the DIC
(δC) in the Genggahai Lake, the
lake environment, and the climate of the watershed based on the observed
physicochemical parameters of water in areas with different types of
submerged macrophyte communities, combined with changes in the
temperature and precipitation during the same period. Overall, the
δC of the Genggahai Basin
exhibited a large range of values, with an average
δC for inflowing spring water
(δC) of –11.1 ‰, which was the
most negative, followed by an average
δC value of –10.8 ‰ for that
from the Shazhuyu River (δC)
and an averageδC value of –6.91
‰ for lake water (δC).
Variations in the photosynthetic activity intensity of different aquatic
plants yield significantly changing
δC values in areas with varied
aquatic plant communities. Hydrochemical observations revealed that
δC and aquatic plant
photosynthesis primarily affected the differences in the
δC values of the Genggahai
Lake, thereby identifying them as the key components of the lake carbon
cycle.
Interpreting chemistry and technology of lime binders and implementing it in the conservation field _ Interpretação da química e da tecnologia de ligantes à base de cal e sua implementação no campo da conservação
Authors: Zacharopoulou Georgia
Published: December 2021

The objective of the paper is the compilation, review and dissemination
of updated scientific knowledge on lime theory and technology in the
field of heritage conservation.The strong evidence of the last decade’s
research on the positive effect of the-not demonstrable by a chemical
equation-‘key’ missing link of the maturation process is highlighted. It
is demonstrated that the exceptional performance characteristics of
durable lime based mortars predominately rely on the capacity for rapid,
efficient and extensive carbona-tion of the air-hardening phase of
limes, in particular when matured (nanoparticle wet slaked) lime putties
are used; and on the chemical and mechanical stability of the strength
components (principally CSHs) of the hydraulic phase of limes, which is
higher in their more crystalline forms of historical lime-pozzolan
mixtures than in their amorphous forms of modern cements. Hence,
physicochemical adhesion and cohesion bonds both at the lime matrix and
at the binder/aggregate interfaces are ensured imparting minimization of
cracks and durability to lime based mortars and historic masonries.The
comprehensive documentation of the former leads to optimal materials and
procedures to preserve our cultural heritage.

Resumo

O objectivo do presente artigo é a compilação, revisão e disseminação do
actual conhecimento científico sobre teoria e tecnologia da cal no campo
da conservação do património. Com base na investigação da última década,
são destacados os fortes indícios do efeito positivo-não demonstrável
por equação química-do elo perdido ‘chave’, o processo de maturação. É
demonstrado que as excepcionais características de desempenho das
argamassas à base de cal mais duráveis dependem predominantemente das
suas capacidades para uma rápida, eficiente e extensa carbonatação da
fase de presa aérea da cal, em particular quando é usada cal em pasta
com maior tempo de maturação (extinção húmida ao nível das
nanopartículas); e da estabilidade química e mecânica dos com-ponentes
de resistência (principalmente silicatos de cálcio hidratados (CSHs)) da
fase hidráulica da cal, que é mais elevada nas for-mas mais cristalinas
das misturas históricas de cal e pozolana do que nas formas amorfas dos
cimentos modernos. Deste modo são asseguradas as ligações
fisico-químicas por adesão e por coesão, quer na matriz de cal, quer nas
interfaces ligante/agregado, conferindo minimização de fissuras e
durabilidade a argamassas à base de cal e alvenarias históricas. Uma
abrangente documentação destes proces-sos permitirá a obtenção de
materiais e procedimentos progressivamente mais adequados à preservação
do nosso património cultural. Palavras-chave Maturação; Cal em pasta;
Argamassa de cal; Componentes de resistência; Estabilidade estrutural.
Mapping and monitoring genetic diversity of an alpine freshwater top predator by applying newly proposed indicators
Authors: Andersson Anastasia , Karlsson Sten , Ryman Nils , Laikre Linda
Published: December 2021

Genetic diversity is the basis for population adaptation and long-term
survival, yet rarely considered in biodiversity monitoring. One key
issue is the need for useful and straightforward indicators of genetic
diversity. To test newly proposed indicators, we monitored genetic
diversity over 40 years (1970-2010) in metapopulations of brown trout
inhabiting 27 small mountain lakes representing 10 water systems in
central Sweden. Three of the indicators were previously proposed for
broad, international use for the Convention on Biological Diversity
(CBD) context, while three others were recently elaborated for national
use by a Swedish science-management effort and applied for the first
time here. The Swedish indicators use molecular genetic data to monitor
genetic diversity within and between populations and assess the
effective population size (Ne). We used a panel of 96 SNPs and
identified 29 discrete populations retained over time. Over 40 percent
of the lakes harbored more than one population indicating that brown
trout biodiversity hidden as cryptic, sympatric populations are more
common than recognized. The Ne indicator showed values below the
threshold (Ne≤500) in 20 populations with five showing Ne<100.
Although statistically significant genetic diversity reductions occurred
in several populations, they were mostly within proposed threshold
limits. Metapopulation structure appears to buffer against diversity
loss; when applying the indicators to metapopulations most indicators
suggest an acceptable genetic status in all but one system. The CBD
indicators agreed with the national ones but provided less detail. We
propose that all indicators applied here are appropriate for monitoring
genetic diversity within species.
Políticas de educação infantil: desafios a partir da criança e suas especificidades
Authors: Silva Douglas Henrique Rodrigues , Holmo Graziela Cristina de Oliveira , Nogueira Ione da Silva Cunha
Published: December 2021

A educação infantil, primeira etapa da educação básica, tem a finalidade de cuidar e educar de crianças de 0 a 5 anos e adquiriu caráter educativo com as concepções que emergiram da Constituição Federal de 1988. Por outro lado, historicamente a infância é vista como período de fragilidade e dependência, porém, a Sociologia da Infância lança luz a uma nova visão das crianças e das infâncias, percebendo-as como ativas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a legislação que serve como base para a realização de políticas para a Educação Infantil, buscando perceber os conceitos de criança (s) e infância (as) ali presentes. Partindo dos pressupostos epistemológicos da Sociologia da Infância buscou-se identificar o reconhecimento social da infância e dimensionar os principais atos legais e norteadores da Educação Infantil no Brasil, delimitando os desafios para a realização do trabalho na educação da primeira infância.
The Women’s Leadership Gap in Diabetes: A Call for Equity and Excellence. Diabetes 2021;70:1623–1633
Authors: Tse Gary , Liu Tong , Roever Leonardo , Lee Sharen
Published: December 2021

Recently, a series of articles on women’s leadership in diabetes, which reflects the gender disparity in academic medicine, was published in Diabetes (1–3), centered around the article by Dunne et al. (1). The underrepresentation of female talent in the field of clinical medicine has been a longstanding and well-established issue. Women in academia are disproportionately disadvantaged in terms of first author and senior author publications, representation on editorial boards of journals, and leadership roles within academic societies (4). Different strategies that enable leadership development and remove barriers have been proposed to attract and retain female talent (3).
Pregnancy Outcomes in Young Women With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Followed in the TODAY Study
Authors: Tryggestad Jeanie B. , Kelsey Megan M. , Drews Kimberly L. , Chernausek Steven D. , Escaname Elia N. , Isganaitis Elvira , Macleish Sarah , McKay Siripoom , Sprague Jennifer , Willi Steve , Group the TODAY Study
Published: December 2021

Objective: To assess pregnancy outcomes in young
women with youth-onset type 2 diabetes followed in the TODAY study.

Research
Design and Methods: Pregnancy
information (outcome, any maternal or fetal complications) was obtained from
the female participants by self-report. Additionally, medical records for the
pregnancy and the child’s neonatal course were obtained with data abstracted
into standardized forms.

Results: Over a maximum of 15 years, 260
pregnancies were reported by 141 women (age 21.5 years ± 3.2 years, BMI 35.6 ±
7.2 kg/m2, diabetes duration 8.1 ± 3.2 years). Contraception use
prior to pregnancy reported by 13.5% of the women. Complications were reported
by 65% of the women during their pregnancy. Pregnancy loss was observed in 25.3%
and preterm birth in 32.6% of pregnancies. HbA1c ≥ 8% was observed in 31.9% of
the pregnancies and 35% of the pregnancies were complicated by chronic hypertension.
Nephropathy prior to pregnancy was observed in 25% of the women. In the
offspring, 7.8% were classified as small for gestational age, 26.8% large for
gestational age, and 17.9% in the macrosomic range.

Conclusion: Based on observations from the TODAY cohort, young
women with pre-gestational, youth-onset type 2 diabetes had very high rates of
maternal complications stemming from significant socioeconomic disadvantage. The
substantial maternal and infant complications seen in these young moms could potentially
be avoided with improved contraception rates and reproductive planning.
Lifestyle Changes and Long-Term Weight Gain in Women With and Without a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Study of 54,062 Women in the Nurses' Health Study II
Authors: Yang Jiaxi , Zhang Cuilin , Chavarro Jorge E. , Rich-Edwards Janet W. , Wang Molin , Fawzi Wafaie W. , Manson JoAnn E. , Lee I-Min , Hu Frank B. , Tobias Deirdre K.
Published: December 2021

Objective We examined
lifestyle factors with mid-life weight change according to history of
gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a large longitudinal female cohort.

Research Design and Methods In
the Nurses’ Health Study II, we categorized change in lifestyle within 4-year
periods and estimated their associations with concurrent change in body weight
(kg) among parous women after age 40 for the following: diet quality (Alternate
Healthy Eating Index [AHEI]), leisure-time physical activity (PA), alcohol, and
smoking, by GDM history status
(total n=54,062, 5.3% with a history of GDM).

Results Over a median
follow-up of 13 years, average 4-year weight gain was 1.10 kg and 1.33 kg for
women with and without prior GDM, respectively. Women improving diet quality
had favorable 4-year weight change, particularly among women with a history of
GDM (AHEI change from low to high: -2.97 kg [CI: -4.34, -1.60] vs. -1.19 kg
[CI: -1.41, -0.96] for GDM vs. non-GDM, respectively; p-heterogeneity=0.04).
Increasing PA was associated with weight maintenance for GDM women only (PA
increase from low to high: 0.26 kg [95% CI: -0.25, 0.77] vs. 0.90 kg [95% CI:
0.80, 1.01] for GDM vs. non-GDM, respectively; p-heterogeneity=0.02). For
both GDM and non-GDM women, weight change did not differ significantly with
change in alcohol, while women who quit smoking had significant weight gain
(4.38 kg for GDM and 3.85 kg for non-GDM).

Conclusions Improvements in
diet quality and PA were related to less weight gain in mid-life among parous
women, and the benefit of such improvements on weight management was
particularly pronounced among women with a history of GDM.
Impaired Insulin Clearance as the Initial Regulator of Obesity-Associated Hyperinsulinemia: Novel Insight Into the Underlying Mechanism Based on Serum Bile Acid Profiles
Authors: Fu Zhenzhen , Wu Qinyi , Guo Wen , Gu Jingyu , Zheng Xuqin , Gong Yingyun , Lu Chenyan , Ye Jingya , Ye Xuan , Jiang Wanzi , Hu Moran , Yu Baowen , Fu Qi , Liu Xiang , Bai Jianling , Li John Zhong , Yang Tao , Zhou Hongwen
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To
investigate the roles of insulin clearance and insulin secretion in the
development of hyperinsulinemia in obese subjects and to reveal the association
between insulin clearance and bile acids (BAs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In cohort 1, insulin secretion, sensitivity and endogenous
insulin clearance were evaluated with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in
460 recruited participants. In cohort 2, 81 participants underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and a
hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to assess insulin secretion, endogenous and
exogenous insulin clearance, and insulin sensitivity. Based on insulin
resistance levels ranging from mild to severe, nondiabetic obese participants were
further divided into 10 quantiles in cohort 1 and into tertiles in cohort 2. Forty
serum BAs were measured in cohort 2 to examine the association between BAs
and insulin clearance.

RESULTS

All obese participants had impaired insulin clearance,
and it worsened with additional insulin resistance in nondiabetic obese
subjects. However, insulin secretion was unchanged from quantile 1 to 3 in
cohort 1, and no difference was found in cohort 2. After adjustments for all confounding
factors, serum conjugated BAs, especially glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA, β=-0.335,
P=0.004) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA, β=-0.333, P=0.003), were negatively correlated
with insulin clearance. The ratio of unconjugated to conjugated BAs (UnconBA/ConBA, β=0.335, P=0.002) was positively correlated
with insulin clearance.

CONCLUSIONS

Hyperinsulinemia in obese subjects might be primarily induced by decreased
insulin clearance rather than increased insulin secretion. Changes in
circulating conjugated BAs, especially GDCA and TDCA, might play an important role in regulating insulin
clearance.
Medicinal Potential and Scientific Validations of Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. (Kampillaka): A Review
Authors: HGSP Hewageegana
Published: December 2021

Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) M Arg is one of the endangered plants in the central ecoregion. It belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinally important common perennial shrub used in indigenous medicine. It is distributed mainly in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Though it is a drug of herbal origin, it has been grouped into one of the eight Sadharana rasa groups [Glands and hairs of Mallotus philippinensis (Kampillaka), Arsenic (Somala), Ammonium Chloride (Navasagara), Cowri (Kaparda), Amber (Agnijaara), Red Oxide of Mercury (Girisindoora), Cinnabar (Hingula), Litharge (Muddaarashringa)] in Rasa-shastra (Ayurveda study of minerals and metals) of Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia. M. philippinensis is included in Virecana ghana (group of medicinal plants or products use to purgation therapy) of Ayurveda medicine. Especially roots, fruits (also as fruit powder) and the leaves are used for medicinal purposes. Leaves are bitter and have a cooling and appetizing nature. The glands/hairs of the fruit and the leaves are recommended for dermal problems. So far, scientific studies have been carried out to prove and look-into the pharmacological activities of M. philippinensis. Here, an attempt is taken to summarize the distribution, morphology, Ayurveda and traditional uses, and scientific investigations on M. philippinensis. Researchers have scientifically proven the Antimicrobial activity, Hepatoprotective activity, Anti-Leukemic activity, Anti-HIV activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Anti-filarial activity, Analgesic and hypnotic activity, Antiproliferative activity, Antifertility activity, Purgative activity and Anthelmintic activity and Antiallergic activity against different parts of the M. philippinensis.
Visualisation of Long in Time Dynamic Networks on Large Touch Displays
Authors:   , Lee Alexandra
Published: December 2021

Any dataset containing information about relationships between entities can be modelled as a network. This network can be static, where the entities/relationships do not change over time, or dynamic, where the entities/relationships change over time. Network data that changes over time, dynamic network data, is a powerful resource when studying many important phenomena, across wide-ranging ﬁelds from travel networks to epidemiology.However, it is very difﬁcult to analyse this data, especially if it covers a long period of time (e.g, one month) with respect to its temporal resolution (e.g. seconds). In this thesis, we address the problem of visualising long in time dynamic networks: networks that may not be particularly large in terms of the number of entities or relationships, but are long in terms of the length of time they cover when compared to their temporal resolution.We ﬁrst introduce Dynamic Network Plaid, a system for the visualisation and analysis of long in time dynamic networks. We design and build for an 84" touch-screen vertically-mounted display as existing work reports positive results for the use of these in a visualisation context, and that they are useful for collaboration. The Plaid integrates multiple views and we prioritise the visualisation of interaction provenance. In this system we also introduce a novel method of time exploration called ‘interactive timeslicing’. This allows the selection and comparison of points that are far apart in time, a feature not offered by existing visualisation systems. The Plaid is validated through an expert user evaluation with three public health researchers.To conﬁrm observations of the expert user evaluation, we then carry out a formal laboratory study with a large touch-screen display to verify our novel method of time navigation against existing animation and small multiples approaches. From this study, we ﬁnd that interactive timeslicing outperforms animation and small multiples for complex tasks requiring a compari-son between multiple points that are far apart in time. We also ﬁnd that small multiples is best suited to comparisons of multiple sequential points in time across a time interval.To generalise the results of this experiment, we later run a second formal laboratory study in the same format as the ﬁrst, but this time using standard-sized displays with indirect mouse input. The second study reafﬁrms the results of the ﬁrst, showing that our novel method of time navigation can facilitate the visual comparison of points that are distant in time in a way that existing approaches, small multiples and animation, cannot. The study demonstrates that our previous results generalise across display size and interaction type (touch vs mouse).In this thesis we introduce novel representations and time interaction techniques to improve the visualisation of long in time dynamic networks, and experimentally show that our novel method of time interaction outperforms other popular methods for some task types.
Towards MRI scanner design: the Proper Generalised Decomposition in the context of coupled magneto-mechanical problems
Authors:   , Barroso Gassiot Guillem
Published: December 2021

Latest developments in high-strength Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners, with in-built high resolution, have dramatically enhanced the ability of clinicians to diagnose tumours and rare illnesses. However, their high-strength transient magnetic ﬁelds induce unwanted eddy currents in shielding components, which result in high-frequency vibrations, noise, imaging artefacts and, ultimately, heat dissipation and boiling oﬀ of the helium used to super-cool the magnets. Optimum MRI scanner design requires the capturing of complex electro-magneto-mechanical interactions with high ﬁdelity computational tools. Moreover, manufacturing new MRI scanners still represents a computational challenge to industry due to the large variability in material parameters and geometrical conﬁgurations that need to be tested during the early design phase. This process can be highly optimised through the employment of user-friendly computational metamodels constructed on the basis of Reduced Order Modelling (ROM) techniques, where high-dimensional parametric oﬄine solutions are obtained, stored and assimilated in order to be eﬃciently queried in real time.This thesis presents a novel a priori Proper Generalised Decomposition (PGD) computational framework for the analysis of the electro-magneto-mechanical inter-actions in the context of MRI scanner design to address the urgent need for the development of new cost-eﬀective methods, whereby previously performed compu-tations can be assimilated as training solutions of a surrogate digital twin model to allow for real-time simulations. The PGD methodology is derived for coupled electro-magneto-mechanical problems in an axisymmetric Lagrangian setting, in-cluding the possibility to vary several material and geometrical parameters (as part of the high-dimensional oﬄine solution), that are relevant for the industrial part-ner of the project, Siemens Healthineers. A regularised-adaptive strategy and a staggered PGD approach are proposed in order to enhance the accuracy and robust-ness of the PGD algorithm while preserving its a priori nature. The Lagrangian adaptation of the governing equations will allow for a comparison between staggered and monolithic solvers, where the staggered approach will be shown to enhance the robustness and accuracy of the PGD technique. Moreover, geometric changes in the computational domain will be accounted for in the PGD solution by using a PGD-projection technique that will enable the computation of a separable expression even for geometrical variations, preserving thus the eﬃciency of the online PGD stage. A set of numerical problems will be presented in order to validate the PGD formula-tion, which will be benchmarked against the full order (reference) model. Moreover, a comparison between two families of ROM methods, the a priori PGD and the a posteriori Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), will also be performed in order to assess and compare diﬀerent ROM strategies.
Studying Restoration Painting
Authors: Laaksovirta Emilia
Published: December 2021

In this article I discuss the history of restoration painting through art history and art conservation with the help of a case study. Restoration painting has a long history as a part of art conservation. The methods and theories of restoration painting have evolved along with the process of art conservation into a discipline of academic study. I discuss an old method of restoration painting called overpainting by means of a case study. Overpainting was quite a common practice, until it became viewed as unethical and unprofessional. The case study is a painting that was modified by overpainting. The modifications were done most likely at the same time as damages to the canvas were repaired, possibly sometime before the middle of the 20th century. The old overpaintings were removed during a complete restoration of the painting in 2018–2019. The removal of the overpaintings uncovered new possibilities for the interpretation of the motif of the painting. I briefly discuss the idea of the Italian tratteggio method of restoration painting, which in my view demonstrates a scientific turn in conservation. I also discuss new ways of using scientific methods of collecting data for decision making in restoration.
Havainnointia, hautomista, historioita
Authors: Elfving Taru
Published: December 2021

Muistiinpanoja kuratoriaalisesta tutkimushankkeesta Aaveet muutoksessa (2017–2022), joka tarkastelee sekä nykytaiteen ekologista kestävyyttä että saaristomeren ympäristönmuutoksia Seilin saarella.
Adolf von Beckerin identtiset Ateljeessa-maalaukset – aitoja, kopioita vai väärennöksiä?
Authors: Hiltunen Kirsi , Pennonen Anne-Maria , Tikkala Hanne
Published: December 2021

Artikkelissa esittelemme kahden Adolf von Beckerin nimiin signeeratun Ateljeessa-teoksen tutkimusta taidehistorian, maalaustekniikan ja materiaalitutkimuksen näkökulmista. Samalla pyrimme tuomaan esiin mitä uutta moniammatillinen yhteistyö ja luonnontieteessä käytetyt menetelmät on tuoneet taideteosten tutkimukseen. Tutkimuksessa voitiin osoittaa, että toinen teoksista on alkuperäinen ja toinen on kopio siitä. Kopion maalaajaksi osoittautui Hilda Granstedt. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytettiin perinteisen arkistotutkimuksen lisäksi erilaisia sähkömagneettista säteilyä tallentavia kuvantamismenetelmiä, kuten röntgen-, ultravioletti- ja infrapunareflektiokuvausta, sekä materiaalianalyyttisiin menetelmiin kuuluvaa energiadispersiivista röntgenfluoresenssispektrometriaa (EDXRF) ja polarisaatiomikroskopiaa (PLM).
Mihin suomenkielisiä käsitteitä tarvitaan?
Authors: Aaltonen Susanna , Ikkala Marja-Leena , Kemppi Hanna , Lahti Juhana
Published: December 2021

Katsausartikkeli käsittelee Suomessa tehtyä ja tekeillä olevaa taidehistorian ja kulttuuriperinnön käsitetyötä, sen haasteita ja tulevaisuuden näkymiä digiajalla. Esimerkkeinä ovat Museoviraston kulttuuriympäristön ontologiaprojekti ja Tieteen termipankki.
The Contribution of Self-Confidence and Emotional Intelligence Toward Students' Interpersonal Communication Anxiety and their Implications In Counseling and Counseling Services
Authors: Santera Teri , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Afdal Afdal
Published: December 2021

This research aims to describe the contribution of self-confidence and emotional intelligence Toward Students' Interpersonal Communication Anxiety. This research uses a descriptive correlational quantitative method. The study sample was 100 students of the Senior High School Mahdaliyah Jambi City. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. This study also uses a correlational method, with the analysis technique using simple regression and multiple regression which aims to test the contribution of two independent variables to one dependent variable. The variables in this study consisted of three, namely: self-confidence (X1) and emotional intelligence (X2) which were independent variables, and student interpersonal communication anxiety (Y) was the dependent variable. The results of this study indicate that self-confidence and emotional intelligence together have an effect on students' interpersonal communication anxiety by 164.5%. The implication of the results of this study can be used as a needs analysis in making the Guidance and Counseling service program at Senior High School Mahdaliyah Jambi City.
Parental Attention and Learning Motivation Contribution to Career Planning of Vocational School Students
Authors: Nasution Atikah Rahmah , Yusuf A Muri
Published: December 2021

Ideally, vocational high schools are able to produce graduates who can immediately enter the world of work. However, the reality is that there are still vocational high school graduate students who are still unemployed after graduating, this is because students do not prepare career plans beforehand. This type of research is quantitative with a correlational descriptive approach. The sample in this study amounted to 32 vocational students who were determined using purposive sampling. The instrument used was a parental attention questionnaire, a learning motivation questionnaire and a student career planning questionnaire. In addition, researchers also used a Likert scale model instrument. The analysis technique used is simple regression and multiple regression. The research results found that; 1) parental attention contributes significantly to student career planning, 2) learning motivation contributes significantly to student career planning, and 3) parental attention and learning motivation together contribute significantly to student career planning.
The differences of work stress on teachers based on demographic factors
Authors: Khairani Yunita , Marjohan Marjohan , Ahmad Riska
Published: December 2021

Work stress is an emotional state that arises because of a mismatch between the workload and the individual's ability to cope with the work stress he or she faces. The stress experienced by teachers in carrying out their duties at school cannot be separated from the demands of professional duties as professional teachers, the work done must be maximal. This can be seen from the phenomenon found in the field against equivalent high school teachers in Kerinci Regency, based on an analysis of existing documents in 2019-2020, namely, there are still teachers who are late for attendance even though they have used electronic absences, and are late for teaching in class. There are also teachers who only give assignments to students in class, but the teacher remains in the office. Some teaching teachers do not use creative learning media to attract students' interest, but teach with lecture methods that seem monotonous, boring and not conducive. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive and comparative methods with a sample of 212 teachers selected usingthe Two Stage Cluster Random Sampling technique and data collection tools using a questionnaire with a Likert scale model about work stress on teachers. The results of the study revealed that teacher work stress was in the moderate category, and there is a significant difference in work stress by gender with a significance of 0.002, a significance of age 0.049, a significance of length of work 0.00, and a significance of employment status 0.038 with a negligible < 0.05. This research has implications as input for Counselors who  operationally consult  with school principals and jointly discuss services/activities that can help teachers to minimize stress levels experienced by teachers.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF MENGGUNAKAN LECTORA INSPIRE PADA MATA PELAJARAN INSTALASI PENERANGAN LISTRIK KELAS X PROGRAM KEAHLIAN TEKNIK INSTALASI TENAGA LISTRIK (TITL)
Authors: Manalu Geneses Tarmizi , Sidabutar Uli Basa
Published: December 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini secara umum merupakan penelitian yang  bertujuan untuk mengembangkan multimedia pembelajaran. Multimedia pembelajaran termasuk hal yang sangat penting dalam proses pembelajaran, multimedia pembelajaran yang baik sangat efektif digunakan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Peneliti mencoba mengembangkan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif yang dapat digunakan dalam bentuk CD interaktif, menggunakan beberapa software yang terdiri dari Lectora Inspire, Adobe Photoshop CS5, Bandycam, dan EKTS. Bertujuan untuk memudahkan peserta didik dalam memahami pelajaran dan juga memudahkan pendidik dalam menyampaikan pelajaran. Multimedia pembelajaran pada penelitian ini menggunakan model desain Borg and Gall yang diadaptasi oleh Sugiyono.Sasaran penelitian ini adalah Dosen Ahli Universitas Negeri Medan. Pengujian terhadap multimedia interaktif oleh validator media dan validator materi menunjukkan bahwa multimedia pembelajaran yang dihasilkan baik pada validasi materi dengan skor rata-rata 4,6 dan untuk validasi media dengan skor rata-rata 4,3. Maka diperoleh kesimpulan media yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan. Kata Kunci : Pengembangan  Media Interaktif, Software Lectora, Instalasi Penerangan Listrik  Abstract This research is generally a study that aims to develop multimedia learning. Multimedia learning is very important in the learning process, good learning multimedia is very effectively used in the teaching and learning process. Researchers are trying to develop interactive learning multimedia that can be used in the form of interactive CDs, using several software consisting of Lectora Inspire, Adobe Photoshop CS5, Bandycam, and EKTS. It aims to facilitate learners in understanding the lessons and also facilitate educators in delivering lessons. Multimedia learning in this study uses borg and gall design model adapted by Sugiyono.The target of this research is Expert Lecturer of Medan State University. Testing of interactive multimedia by media validators and material validators showed that multimedia learning was generated both on material validation with an average score of 4.6 and for media validation with an average score of 4.3. Then the conclusion of the developed media is worth using.  Keywords: Interactive Media Development, Lectora Software, Electrical Lighting Installation
The effect of colloids practicum e-module to improve students’ interest on virtual lab during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Harefa Nelius , Silalahi Novia Fransisca Dewi ,   Chemistry Teacher of SMA Abdi Siswa Bintaro, Tangerang, Indonesia, Purba Leony Sanga Lamsari ,   Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, Sianipar Herna Febrianty ,   Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, Pematangsiantar, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Practical learning which is generally carried out in the laboratory is one of the important lessons in the science learning process, especially chemistry. The Covid-19 pandemic has caused practical learning activities to not be accommodated in real laboratories. This situation encourages the creation of practical learning innovations, namely the use of virtual labs. In this study, students' learning interest in the use of virtual labs is described which is integrated with the use of e-modules on colloidal material. Based on the results of data analysis, 74.55% of students were interested in using the virtual lab, 10.90% very interested, 12.73% quite interested, and 1.82% lack of interested. These data indicate that the majority of students can make good use of the virtual lab and are able to optimally elaborate on the learning process. However, virtual labs are not intended to replace real laboratories but can be used as supplements and media to support learning in real laboratories.
The effectiveness of argumentation based learning and problem based learning models in improving student’s argumentation skills about salt hydrolysis concept
Authors:   Chemistry Education Study Program, Postgraduate, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia, Sari Anisa Puspita , Harizon Harizon ,   Departemen of Chemistry Education, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia, Effendi-Hasibuan Muhammad Haris ,   Departemen of Chemistry Education, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

Learning model that can train students in developing their argumentative skills includes the Argumentation Based Learning (ABL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL). This study aimed to see the effectiveness of the ABL and PBL models in improving students' argumentation skills about the concept of salt hydrolysis. The study was conducted in the class XI MIA SMAN 1 Tebo Jambi with a sample consisting of two classes. Some 50 students were recruited purposively to be the participants of this study. Concurrent embedded mix method using two group pretest posttest control group design was used in this study. The results of independent t-test showed that ABL was more effective than PBL (t= 4.864; p-value=0.00 < 0.05) in improving the students' argumentation skills. This was supported by the N-gain test of ABL which was 0.82 and the N -Gain test of PBL was 0.68. The results of observations revealed that the ABL students had more intensive opportunities to debate their argumentation than those in the PBL class. This was believed as the major factor influencing the difference in the students’ argumentation skills.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PETANI GAMBIR DI DESA BANDAR BARU KECAMATAN SITELLU TALI URANG JEHE KABUPATEN PAKPAK BHARAT
Authors: Syarief Salman , Basyah Nurlina , Berutu Mawar Candra
Published: December 2021

Pendapatan petani gambir adalah pendapatan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengolahan tanaman gambir menjadi bahan baku yang dijual dengan harga yang berlaku pada pasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui luas lahan, produksi, harga, jam kerja, dan biaya produksi terhadap pendapatan petani gambir di desa Bandar Baru Kecamatan Sitellu Tali Urang Jehe Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat. Metode analisis menggunakan regresi linier bergand. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel luas lahan tidak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani gambir di Desa Bandar Baru dengan nilai t-hitung sig, 0,723 > 0,005. Sedangan variabel produksi dengan nilai t-hitung sig, 0,000 < 0,005, variabel harga dengan nilai t-hitung sig, 0,003 < 0,005, variabel jam kerja dengan nilai t-hitung sig, 0,000 < 0,005, dan variabel biaya produksi dengan nilai t-hitung sig, 0,000 < 0,005. Artinya bahwa variabel produksi, harga, jam kerja, dan biaya produksi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan petani gambir di Desa Bandar Baru Kecamatan Sitellu Tali Urang Jehe Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat.
EVALUATION OF RTH IN REGIONAL SPATIAL PLAN WITH NDVI IN KENDARI CITY
Authors: Aldiansyah Septianto
Published: December 2021

Kendari City is the capital of Southeast Sulawesi Province with a population of 345,110 people. The number of residents can trigger a narrowing of RTH (RTH) due to meeting the need for land over time. RTH in urban areas ideally is 30% of the total area with 20% public RTH and 10% private RTH. This study aims for RTH based on the comparison of the area of the RTH Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) and the actual RTH, the population, the ability to produce oxygen (O2) and absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the actual RTH. This research uses quantitative descriptive research in evaluating RTH. The results showed that public RTH in the RTRW still lacked 6.93% so that it was still necessary to review the RTRW to meet these needs. The current RTH is also still less than the minimum standard of RTH in Kendari City of 7.01% in public RTH. If it is accumulated, the current availability of RTH still does not meet the minimum standard of RTH in Kendari City. The availability of oxygen (O2) and absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) in Kendari City can still meet the needs of residents in Kendari City.
LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING IN BERASTAGI DISTRICT KARO REGENCY BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Sari Desi Permata , Simanungkalit Nahor Manahat , Novira Nina
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe the spatial distribution of landslide prone areas in Berastagi District, Karo Regency with a Geographic Information System approach. Determination of the level of landslide susceptibility is obtained based on the method of scoring and weighting and overlaying of parameters including slope, rainfall, land use, soil type, rock type, and landform. The results showed that there were 4 levels of landslide susceptibility in Berastagi District, Karo Regency, namely low level of susceptibility 1,036.76 Ha (33.16%), medium level of susceptibility 772.02 Ha (24.69%), high level of susceptibility 1,055 .53 Ha (33.76 %), and very high level of susceptibility 262.13 Ha (8.38 %). The low level of susceptibility is dominated by Guru Singa Village (10.83 %), Raya Village (8.66 %), and Rumah Berastagi Village (3.72%). The medium and high level of susceptibility were dominated by Sempajaya Village at 4.51% and 3.68%. The very high level of susceptibility to landslides is dominated by Doulu Village, which is 17.40%. Meanwhile, the other 5 (five) villages have varying levels of susceptibility to landslides. Thus, 33.16% of the Berastagi District area is still safe from landslides, while the remaining 66.83% is prone to landslides.