bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF ENDODERMAL SINUS TUMOR (TEILUM) TO HUMAN YOLK SAC and A PROPOSAL OF ENDODERMAL CELL TUMOR
Authors: Okamoto Tsukasa
Published: December 2008

Histological criteria of 8 pure and typical endodermal sinus tumor (EST) were compared with the morphological features of 8 human yolk sacs from 5 to 13 weeks of pregnancy. No common features were found with regard to endodermal sinus structure (ESS) and clear‐cell entoblastic pattern (CCEP), but magma reticulare (MR) and eosinophilic hyaline globules (EHG) were detected as common findings. As to the morphology and synthesis of a‐feto‐protein (AFP), some tumor cells with eosinophilic‐granular cytoplasm lining ESS had similarity to the endodermal cell of human yolk sac. Histological features of EST mimicked the morphological structure of endodermal sinus in rodent yolk sac. Pathological study on an ovarian and a gastric adenocarcinoma with high level of AFP concentration demonstrated two cell patterns with eosinophilic‐granular and clear cytoplasm showing analogousness to the endodermal cell of human yolk sac. It was suggested that these tumors showed a selective differentiation to the endodermal cell of human yolk sac and might be called ECT. Further study clarified that ovarian embryonal carcinoma or teratocarcinoma with higher AFP concentration had vitelline component of EST or ECT or both.
SYNOVIAL SARCOMA
Authors: Tsuneyoshi Masazumi , Yokoyama Koichiro , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: December 2008

This clinicopathologic study concerns 42 cases of synovial sarcoma (13 biphasic and 29 monophasic), including electron‐microscopic examination of five cases, among 753 cases of soft tissue sarcomas. The age of the patients ranged from 9 to 70 years, with a median of 35 years. Tumors occurred most commonly on the extremities with 31 on the lower extremities. Histologically the monophasic type on this occasion included tumors with focal or minimal biphasic differentiation (9 cases) in addition to totally monophasic tumor (20 cases). A comparative light microscopy revealed otherwise inappreciable differences in histologic characteristics between the monophasic synovial sarcoma and certain other spindle cell sarcomas. Ultrastructurally, the cells composing the spindle‐cell area of the synovial sarcoma contained basically the same elements as did the cells forming epithelioid or gland‐like structures, and as the cells in the areas of gradual transitions of the two. One exception was that the cells lining the gland‐like lumina had microvillar projections. Characteristic secretory‐like granules, similar to those seen in the synovial type B cell of the normal human synovium, were evident in all five cases studied electron microscopically. In contrast to the findings of others, patients with monophasic tumors had a better prognosis, 58% surviving 5 years compared to 36% for those with biphasic tumors.
HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF CONGENITAL and ACQUIRED CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Hamazaki Minora
Published: December 2008

Of 180 autopsied cases in children, of which 85 infants were less than one month of age, seven cases of cytomegalovirus infection are described here. Two patients died of congenital cytomegalovirus infection with generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease and one of them was associated with leukemoid mononucleosis. Five cases, 2,8 per cent of 180 cases, were acquired cytomegalovirus infection with localized lesions of cytomegalic cells in the lungs, incidentally found at postmortem examination. The youngest case of acquired cytomegalovirus infection was one month of age. These spontaneous pulmonary infectious changes early in life, associated occasionally with cytomegalic cells in the vascular wall, may suggest that the lung is one of the initial sites of the acquired cytomegalovirus infection preceeding viruria or elevation of antibody titer at later period of life.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF INTRADUCTAL PAPILLOMA OF THE BREAST
Authors: Tsuchiya Shin'ichi , Takayama Shoujiro , Higashi Yasuhiro
Published: December 2008

Intaductal papillomas, papillary carcinomas, and normal mammary large ducts were studied by electron microscopy. The intraductal papillomas were divided into two subtypes: fibrous and glandular. Comparative ultrastructural analysis of these two subtypes revealed definitive differences in the nucleus, chromatin, and presence of myoepithelial cells. An irregularly shaped nucleus, aggregated heterochromatin, and prominent myoepithelial cells were the conspicuous features of the fibrous type which appeared to be almost absent in the glandular type. Moreover, the fibrous type possessed intact basal laminae, various differentiations of the cell surface, desmosomes, terminal bar, intrastromal projections of crab‐finger‐like appearance of the myoepithelial cells, and a two cell layer arrangement of epithelial cells. In these features, the ultrastructural appearance of the fibrous type closely resembled that of the cells of the normal mammary large duct. The glandular type, on the other hand, more or less lacked myoepithelial cells, well‐developed organelles and showed a euchromatin pattern in the nucleus. This type resembled the papillary carcinoma in its histological characters. An absence of basal laminae (infiltrating carcinoma only) and the presence of intracytoplasmic lumina were characteristic of papillary carcinomas, and these two features were not found in the intraductal papillomas.
PRIMARY FIBROSARCOMA OF THE LIVER WITH HYPOGLYCEMIA
Authors: Gen Eisei , Kusuyama Yoji , Saito Koji , Nagasaki Yasuhiko , Nakatani Toshihide , Yataka Isao , Oku Atsushi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of primary hepatic fibrosarcoma with severe hypoglycemia is reported. Only two cases have been previously reported. Histological features were well differentiated and partly indistinguishable from those of fibrous mesothelioma.
GENERALIZED SARCOIDOSIS WITH “SARCOID AORTITIS”
Authors: Maeda Sakan , Murao Shinichi , Sugiyama Taketoshi , Utaka Isao , Okamoto Ryozo
Published: December 2008

A 52‐year‐old man with a clinical diagnosis of aortitis and heart failure died of brain thrombosis. Autopsy revealed many non‐caseous sarcoid granulomas scattered in lymph nodes, lungs, heart, testes, liver, and meninges. An unusual finding of this case was the presence of sarcoid lesions in abdominal aorta and subclavian and common iliac arteries.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC SUB‐CLASSIFICATION OF SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE LUNG
Authors: Hage Esther , Hansen Mogens , Hirsch Fred E.
Published: December 2008

An electron microscopic study of 28 small cell carcinomas of the lung is presented. Cytoplasmic secretory granules, characteristic of endocrine cells of the human foetal lung were observed in a variable number of tumor cells. Two groups of tumors could be distinguished based on the morphology of the cytoplasmic secretory granules. Twenty‐three tumors showed cells with granules resembling type 1 or P1 cells of the human fetal lung, and 5 tumors with granules resembling type 3 cells of the human fetal lung. No relationship was found between the light microscopic WHO classification of small cell carcinoma of the lung and the results obtained by electron microscopy. Increased serum calcitonin as well as inappropriate ADH secretion may be correlated with one of the two types of small cell carcinoma, but further investigations are needed.
ATROPHIC GASTRITIS INDUCED BY INJECTION OF XENOGENEIC STOMACH ANTIGEN IN MICE
Authors: Watanabe Hiromitsu , Naito Masashi , Ito Akihiro
Published: December 2008

Wistar/Furth rat stomach antigen emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant was subcutaneously injected into several strains of mice. Atrophy of the glandular stomach was produced in A/HeJ mice, but not in CF1, C57BL/6J or ICR/JGL mice. Atrophy of the glandular stomach was found to become most severe in 4‐month‐old animals. In 6‐month‐old mice and 12‐month‐old mice, atrophy was not observed. The increase in atrophy corresponds with the dose of antigen.
ATYPICAL ACINAR CELL NODULES OF THE HUMAN PANCREAS
Authors: Kodama Takaya , Mori Wataru
Published: December 2008

The earliest morphological evidence of altered growth potential of pancreatic acinar cells of the rats treated with carcinogen, such as azaserine, is the development of nodules of atypical acinar cells, some of which are considered to appear, eventually, as acinar cell carcinomas. On the other hand, there exist nodular lesions in the human pancreas, which are similar to atypical acinar cell nodules of the rats, in the sense of nodularity, multiplicity, size, and cytological features, such as pale cytoplasm. To clarify the plausibility of the human nodular lesions as a precursor of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, light and electron microscopical studies were performed, using pancreases of 115 semi‐consecutive series of autopsy cases and 20 surgical cases. Multiple nodular lesions were found in 3 autopsy cases and one surgical cases. Ultrastructurally, markedly dilated cysterna of rough‐surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and intracisternal granules were the most prominent characteristics of the atypical cells of the nodules. These features are neither reported in chemically induced atypical acinar cell nodules and carcinomas nor in human acinar cell carcinomas. The human lesions were considered to be of degenerative nature rather than neoplastic.
EXTRACTION OF FERRUGINOUS BODIES FROM LUNG TISSUE OBTAINED AT SURGERY and AUTOPSY
Authors: Kimizuka Goro , Hayashi Yutaka
Published: December 2008

Ferruginous bodies were extracted quantitatively from 508 patients; operated 242 with lung cancer and 94 with non‐lung cancer, and autopsy 51 from hepatomas, 42 from stomach cancers, and 79 from non‐cancer diseases. The bodies were divided morphologically into 4 types; 2 types may be from asbestos and the other 2 types from carbon and silicate which were very rarely found. The incidence of the bodies was the highest in hepatoma 96.8, followed by lung cancer 90.8%, non‐lung cancer 80%, stomach cancer 76.2%, and non‐cancer 74.2% in the years 1975–1981. Distribution of count of asbestos bodies was characteristic in patients with lung cancer, i.e. the cases who had asbestos bodies above 100/5 g of wet lung were found in 36 of 242 patients with lung cancer (14.8%) who were all smokers and 15 of 266 patients with the other diseases (5.6%) with significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, out of 14 patients who had the bodies above 300/5 g of wet lung, 9 were patients with lung cancer and also smoked heavily, and remaining 5 patients with diseases other than lung cancer consisted of 2 heavy smokers, a moderate and a mild smoker, and a non‐smoker. These evidences may suggest the existence of some relation between occurrence of lung cancer and low degree of asbestos exposure with addition of smoking.
POLYPLOID MESOTHELIAL CELLS IN PLEURAL FLUID
Authors: Isoda Kōtarō , Hamamoto Yōji
Published: December 2008

The Feulgen‐DNA content of the mesothelial cells In non‐malignant pleural fluids was cytophotometrically examined on 21 autopsy cases, In 13 of which (62%) polyploid mesothelial cells with greater than tetraploid nuclear DNA content were found. In 7 the polyploid cells appeared at the rate of 6 to 14%, 6 of which had suffered from uremia or congestive cardiac failure. The appearance rate was closely related to such pleural pathologic changes as prominent edema, diffuse hemorrhage, and fibrin precipitation. The occurrence of these polyploid cells was considered to be the result of mitotic abnormalities in the affected pleural area. Since polyploid mesothelial cells are not rare in certain non‐malignant pleural fluids, a trial to establish the diagnosis of malignancy based on DNA cytophotometry alone is not recommended.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE
Authors: Umihara Junko , Tanaka Mitsugu , Tanaka Hisako , Saito Kaoru , Ishikawa Eisei
Published: December 2008

Enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical study was carried out on 16 cases of Hodgkin's disease in order to elucidate the origin of Hodgkin's cell and Reed‐Sternberg cell. Both Hodgkin's cell and Reed‐Sternberg cell do not have tumor markers such as lysosome enzyme, α‐fetoprotein, and fibronect‐in, and these cells do not form either Es or EoxACm rosettes. A great number of cells in most cases contained intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin and showed γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase activity on the cell membrane and in cytoplasm. Since γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase is an enzyme related to the transport of amino acid into cell, it is assumed that there is an intake of amino acid in these cells followed by synthesis of protein. Enzyme histochemically, both Hodgkin's cells and Reed‐Sternberg cells resemble multiple myeloma cells rather than B‐cells in acute lymphocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia and T‐cells or monocytes.
EFFECTS OF FIBRINOLYTIC TREATMENT ON RABBIT MASUGI NEPHRITIS
Authors: Akiba Tomohide , Tanaka Kenzo
Published: December 2008

We investigated the effects of administration of urokinase (UK) and trans‐4‐aminomethylcyclohexane carboxylic acid (t‐AMCHA) on the development of experimental rabbit Masugi nephritis. Treatment with lOOOU/kg of UK, 5000U/kg of UK and 100 mg/kg of t‐AMCHA twice a day intravenously was initiated on the 7th and continued for 7 consecutive days. Concomitantly with the nephrotoxin injection, 5000U/kg of UK was also given twice a day intravenously for 14 days. The administration of 5000U/kg of UK twice a day for 7 days and 14 days suppressed the increases in BUN values and the decreases in urinary fibrinolytic activity. Fibrin‐flbrinogen degradation products (FDP) were detected more frequently in the urine of rabbits given UK than in the control. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed a decrease in intra‐and extra‐glomerular fibrin deposition, and a decrease in fibrin or fibrinoid deposits in Bowman's space by 5000U/kg of UK was demonstrated electron microscopically. Light microscopy revealed that the accumulation of fibrin in glomeruli, crescent formation, and progressive glomerular disorganization by 5000U/kg of UK were prevented.

On the other hand, treatment with t‐AMCHA enhanced the increase in BUN values and there was a decrease in urinary fibrinolytic activity. Dense fibrin deposits in the glomeruli, were observed immunopathologically by treatment with t‐AMCHA and histopathologic changes were found to be even more severe.
A CONSIDERATION ON HISTOPATHOLOGIC VARIABILITY OF DIFFUSE PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA BASED ON DNA CYTOPHOTOMETRY
Authors: Isoda Kōtarō , Sobajima Tōru , Kin Hojin , Fukdda Haruki , Hamamoto Yōji
Published: December 2008

Nuclear DNA cytophotometry of the tumor cells was performed for an autopsy case of malignant diffuse pleural mesothelioma diagnosed histologically as a mixed type. The DNA distribution of these tumor cells confirmed bimodality, one being situated in the triploid and the other in the pentaploid DNA range, thus Indicating two stemline cell populations. In the former, the majority were epithelial mesothelioma cells resembling the normal mesothelial cells. The latter were mesenchymal tumor cells with spindle and occasionally bizarre shaped nuclei. This cytophotometric data strongly suggests that the histologic variability in mesotheliomas results probably from the change in number and ploidy level of the stemline cell population accompanied by neoplastic development.
PARATESTICULAR RHABDOMYOSARCOMA
Authors: Kage Masayoshi , Kojiro Masamichi , Arakawa Masahiro , Nakamura Yoshifumi , Kawada Hideo
Published: December 2008

Two cases of paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma were reported. One was a 53‐year‐old male, who was admitted to the Hospital because of swelling of the scrotum, hemosputa, and complete left hemiplegia. Clinical diagnosis was testicular tumor with remote metastases to lung, brain, liver, and paraaortic lymph nodes. At operation, tumor of 340 g of the paratesticular appendage was removed. Pathological findings of the tumor revealed rhabdomyosarcoma of mixed pleomorphic and embryonal types. The other was a 32‐year‐old male, who was admitted to the Hospital because of left inguinal and scrotal masses. The patient had a history of bruise at the left inguinal region about 5 years prior to admission. An orchiectomy and an excision of the inguinal tumor were performed. Histologically, the tumor was rhabdomyosarcoma of pleomorphic type. Clinical and pathological features of this rare tumor were discussed with a review of literature.
POSTINFARCTION CARDIAC RUPTURE
Authors: Shin Phyjou , Sakurai Masami , Minamino Takazo , Onishi Shunzo , Kitamura Hajime
Published: December 2008

Eight fatalities due to cardiac rupture, of 40 consecutively autopsied myocardial infarctions, were clinicopathologically examined. Total duration of infarctions in 8 cases ranged from 9 hours to 14 days. The longer the period, the more the infarction extended, and aneurysmal dilatation of infarcted wall and tissue weakness were striking. The weakness was caused by the lack of replacement of necrotic muscle fibers by granulation, and was related to aneurysmal structure per se and also to its paradoxical pulsations. Postinfarction cardiac rupture occurring in relatively later phase was considered to be mainly due to weakness of infarcted wall, with less influence factors of mechanical stress such as physical exertion, hypertension, or intracardiac pressure. In the case where cardiac rupture took place in a relatively early stage of the episodes, infarction covered only a small range and aneurysmal change of the ventricle was slight, for which dynamic factors, represented by the degree of a localized strain elicited by myocardial contraction of non‐infarcted site, seemed to play a significant role.
IMMUNODEFICIENCY‐MALIGNANCY ASSOCIATION AT AUTOPSY IN JAPAN
Authors: Yoshitomi Fumiaki , Tanaka Kenzo
Published: December 2008

This paper referred to primary Immunodeficiency diseases (PID)‐malignancy association in autopsy cases in Japan. The occurrence of malignant neoplasms almost centered upon ataxia‐telangiectasia among PID in Japan. It seems to be due to extremely shorter life span in Japanese patients with PID except for in those with ataxia‐telangiectasia, compared with that in European and American patients. Most of the malignant neoplasms seen in Japanese patients with PID were epithelial and were seen mostly in older patients, while lymphoreticular tumors were rare. Gastric cancer was the most frequent of the epithelial tumors.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE FLOATING LIPIDS OF HUMAN LIVER
Authors: Hayashi Hisao , Hotta Yasuhiro , Sakamoto Nobuo
Published: December 2008

Using fractionation, subcellular pathogenesis of the fatty liver was investigated. Floating lipids were isolated from a small amount of the liver obtained by needle biopsy. The volume of the floating lipids was correlated to the grading of fat infiltration of the intact tissue. Of lipid‐rich particles bound by membranous structures, the volume of lipolysosomes in the patients with liver damage associated with diabetes mellitus was greater than that of alcoholics. Hypercholesterolemia was another feature characteristic of the liver disease exhibiting lipolysosome proliferation. These observations suggest a lysosomal involvement in fatty degeneration of the liver in diabetics through an overload of cholesterol.
LIPID STORAGE DISEASE: PART I infrastructure of Xanthoma Cells in Various Xanthomatous Diseases
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoshi , Naito Makoto
Published: December 2008

The fundamental infrastructure of lipid storage in the xanthoma cells of various xanthomatous diseases, including familial hyperlipoproteinemia type Ha, III, and V, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, Wolman's disease, Tangier disease, Hand‐Schiiller‐Christian disease, and normolipidemic cutaneous xanthomatosis, revealed lipid vacuoles, either membrane‐bound or with no single unit membrane, cholesterol crystals, multivesicular or multi‐locular lipid bodies, myelin‐like bodies, and ceroid granules (residual bodies). According to the presence or absence of such a single unit membrane and enzyme cytochemical demonstration of acid phosphatase activity, these lipid storage inclusions were largely classified into lysosomal and non‐lysosomal ones; the former included membrane‐bound lipid vacuoles, cholesterol crystals, multivesicular or multilocular lipid bodies, myelin‐like bodies, and ceroid granules and the latter was lipid vacuoles with no limiting membrane. The ultrastructural relationship on formation of these lysosomal and non‐lysosomal lipid storage inclusions and pathogenesis of the lipid storage in the xanthoma cells of the disorders were presented. As for the origin of the xanthoma cells, the majority of them were considered to be derived from macrophages in many of the diseases; however, transformation of fibroblasts into xanthoma cells was confirmed in xanthomatous diseases, such as Hand‐Schiiller‐Christian disease.
NEPHROGENIC ADENOMA IN FEMALE URETHRA
Authors: Furusato Masakuni , Takaki Keizo , Joh Kensuke , Suzuki Masafumi , Chiba Satoru , Nakata Yoshiko , Kakimoto Shinichi , Aizawa Shigeo , Ishikawa Eisei
Published: December 2008

A case of a 66 years old female who had a nephrogenic adenoma recurring three times during a 6 months course of her illness is reported. With each recurrence, the lesion moved toward the urethral orifice, suggesting an intimate relationship between the recurrent process and physical stimuli to the mucosa. Electron microscopy revealed merely non‐specific morphological features of epithelial cells in the lesion.

There were no positive morphological clues in the lesion for supporting the lesion to resemble mesonephric and/or mesodermal tissue. The diagnostic term of tubular metaplasia for the lesion is preferable instead of nephrogenic adenoma.
AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE MORPHOGENESIS OF MEMBRANOCYSTIC LESIONS IN BONE MARROW
Authors: Toshima Muneatsu , Kitazawa Mikio , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Kaneko Hiroshi , Kusano Tsunesuke
Published: December 2008

A biopsy case of a man aged 30 years, who was admitted to the hospital for the fracture of his right talus, was reported. The X‐ray analysis of his extremities revealed multifocal cystic lesions in bilateral tali, and carpal bones. Pathological examination of the cystic lesions of the bilateral tali showed the membranocystic lesion (MCL), which morphologically resembled that of “membranous lipodystrophy” reported by Nasu et al. Minute tubulovesicular structure of the MCL observed in this case was proved to arise at the lipid ‐cytoplasmic‐interface of degenerated fat cells and enter into the interstitium to form MCL, concurrently with collapse of the fat cells. Thus, at least one process responsible for the morphogenesis of MCL could be determined by our electron microscopic examination.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOEPITHELIAL LESION OF THE SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
Authors: Tada Toyohiro , Wakabayashi Takashi , Kishimoto Hidemasa
Published: December 2008

A case of maligant lymphoepithelial lesion affecting the submandibular gland of a 48‐year‐old Japanese man is described. Histologically, a well‐encapsulated tumorous mass replacing almost the whole gland was composed of lymphoid and epithelial elements, and the latter revealed severe anaplasia with frequent mitotic figures indicating malignant changes. There is no sign of recurrence up to now, 32 months after the operation. Ultrastructural studies on a formalin‐fixed sampling from the gland demonstrated the squamous nature of the epithelial component. This is the first case of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion of the submandibular gland detected in Japan.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES OF THE MOUSE AORTA AND ITS ENDOTHELIAL PINOCYTOSIS IN DIETINDUCED ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
Authors: Fujino Motohiro
Published: December 2008

In mice fed on an atherogenic diet for 4 to 8 months, the aortas were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. After 8 months of being fed a high cholesterol diet, the animals developed aortic intimal lesions composed mainly of proliferated modified smooth muscle cells with an increase of connective tissues. Scanning electron microscopy showed changes in aortic luminal surface consisting primarily of altered distribition of microvilli. Quantitative analysis of these changes showed a statistically significant (P<0.001) increase in cholesterol‐fed animals compared with controls and a significant (P<0.001) difference between at 4 months and at 8 months in cholesterol‐fed mice. Ultrastructural study on the uptake of protein tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), by aortic endothelial cells in vitro was performed. The uptake of HRP was essentially the same for controls and cholesterol‐fed mice at 4 months, but a statistically significant (P<0.005) increased uptake of HRP was observed at 8 months. Additional mice were subjected to nephrectomy with DOCA administration for 4 months along with a cholesterol‐feeding. These animals showed a 2‐fold increase in HRP‐uptake compared with nephrectomized mice without a cholesterol‐feeding. These results suggest that the enhanced pinocytotic activity of aortic endothelial cells in vitro, especially in hypertensive condition, and altered distribution of microvilli might be correlated to the arteriosclerotic process.
MORPHOLOGIC STUDY ON AORTA DOT STAINED WITH EVANS BLUE IN NORMAL AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC RABBITS
Authors: Tanimura Akira , Cho Takanori , Nakashima Akihiko , Nakashima Teruyuki
Published: December 2008

When a normal rabbit is injected Intravenously with Evans blue, focal blue areas showing strong permeability appear in a region of the aortic arch and in a region distal to the orifice of the aortic branches. These blue areas consist of the dot stained area but are not homogeneous blue area.

The morphological changes in the intima of the dot stained area and the relationship between the appearance of dot stained area and lipid deposition in the aorta of cholesterol fed rabbit were investigated. Evans blue showed focal acceleration of the permeability at the region of the aortic arch as early as 10 minutes. Light and electron microscopically such dot stained areas showed the widening of subendothelial space, lifting of some endothelial cells, intracytoplasmic vacuoles and membranous structure, junctional dilatation, and enhanced permeability of peroxidase. In 2% cholesterol fed rabbits, lipid deposition showed a punctuate pattern similar to the dot stained area of normal rabbit.
IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPIC LOCALIZATION OF THYROGLOBULIN IN HUMAN FOLLICULAR ADENOMA
Authors: Nakayama Iwao , Noguchi Shiro , Yamashita Hiroto , Murakami Nobuo , Moriuchi Akira , Yokoyama Shigeo , Mochizuki Yuichi , Noguchi Akito
Published: December 2008

An electron microscopic immunohistochemical localization of thyroglobulin (TG) using PAP methods has been made in 15 cases of cold follicular adenoma. All cases of follicular adenoma showed organ specific functions such as synthesis, storage, reabsorption, and hydrolysis of thyroglobulin except for an area composed of follicular cells with trabecular arrangement. Immuno‐reaction product for TG was precisely demonstrated in follicular lumina, subapical vesicles and reabsorbed colloid droplets. The reaction product observed in the follicular lumen was clearly demarcated from the cytoplasm of the follicular cells by the apical plasma membrane. The subapical vesicles ranging approximately from 50 mμ to 300 mμ in diameter were rarely observed in follicular adenoma and some of them fused with the reabsorbed colloid droplets. The reabsorbed colloid droplets usually had the intense reaction product and hydrolyzed colloid droplets had a vacuole containing floccular low electron dense materials. There is no reaction product in rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes.
RESIDUAL GLOMERULAR LESIONS IN POSTPARTAL WOMEN WITH TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Fusukawa Takeshi , Shigematsu Hidekazu , Aizawa Takao , Oguchi Hisao , Furuta Seiichi
Published: December 2008

Renal biopsies from 10 patients who had residual symptoms of toxemia of pregnancy were examined by light, electron and immunofluorescent microscopy. The biopsies were performed 1 month to 3 months postpartum. The glomeruli showed a similar lesion, even though to a lesser degree,to that found in toxemia of pregnancy. Subepithelial swellings and endothelial cytopasmic microtubular structures were also observed. Mesangial and monocyte‐like cells contained lysosomes,cholesterol clefts and lipid‐containing vacuoles with or without myelin figures, suggesting reparative process in the glomeruli. The present study indicates that the glomerular injury persists for a few months after delivery, together with the concurrent reparative process.
MESANGIOLYSIS IN THE GLOMERULAR LESION OF CYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Sata Tetsutaro , Oonishi Tadahiro , Ishiko Toshitaka
Published: December 2008

Mesangiolysis associated with glomerulomegaly was observed in an autopsy case of an 11‐year‐old boy with cyanotic congenital heart disease, i.e. complete transposition of the great vessels with large VSD. Microscopical examination of the kidney revealed marked enlargement of glomeruli with mesangiolysis mainly found in the midzonal cortex involving 16 to 20% of all glomeruli. The glomerular basement membrane in the mesangiolytic lesion showed splitting, between which red blood cells were occasionally encountered. By reconstruction study with serial sectioning, the mesangiolysis was observed to be obviously focal and segmental. Immunofluorescent study revealed no positive results for IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and fibrinogen/fibrin. By electron microscopic study on the post formalin fixed specimens, no remarkable dense deposits were found in any structural components of the glomeruli. It was assumed that the mesangiolysis might have been provoked by some circulatory disturbances, which superimposed on the preexisting glomerular lesion of cyanotic congenital heart disease in the terminal stage of the clinical course.
GENERALIZED FIBROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH PULMONARY ASBESTOSIS
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Okamura Akiharu , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Kondo Ariyoshi , Yamamoto Toshio , Ozawa Hidehiro , Morita Takashi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of pulmonary asbestosis with fibrosis of various organs was reported. Pulmonary carcinoma and glomerulonephritis were complicated. Asbestos bodies (ABs) and fibers (AFs) were identified in the organs with fibrosis such as the lung, liver, kidney, heart, and thyroid gland by electron microscopy and digestion method. Moreover, we identified AFs in the spleen by electron microscopy which had been resected due to idiopathic portal hypertension six years previously. It is suggested that AFs can be transported to various organs and persist for a long period of time to cause pathological changes there.
HYPERPLASTIC FUNDIC GLAND POLYP OF THE STOMACH
Authors: Hanada Masato , Takami Motohisa , Hirata Kazuya , Kishi Toshio , Nakajima Toshio
Published: December 2008

A case of a solitary pedunculated gastric polyp occurring In the fundic mucosa of a 47‐year‐old woman is reported because of its unique morphology. The polyp showed a peculiar lobulated configuration supported by smooth muscle bundles, and its epithelial component was composed mainly of a proliferation of relatively normal but disorganized fundic glands containing variable numbers of mucous, parietal, argyrophile, and chief cells. Although these histologic features may suggest a hamartoma‐like quality, the lesion probably represents a peculiar form of localized hyperplastic process of the gastric mucosa exhibiting fundic glandular cell differentiation.
DISSEMINATED FUNGAL INFECTION A Review of 20 Autopsy Cases
Authors: Abe Fumihiko , Tateyama Miki , Shibuya Hiroyuki , Azumi Norio , Ommura Yuuta
Published: December 2008

In the study of disseminated fungal infection, in consecutive autopsy cases between 1974 and 1982, we have found this infection in 20 cases (2.55% in all autopsy cases and 16.8% of deep‐seated fungal infection). Candidiasis was present in 11 cases, aspergillosis in 8 cases, and mucormycosis and cryptococcosis in 1 case each. One case showed the disseminated infection by both Candida and Aspergillus. All of the 20 cases had underlying disorders. Hematologic disorders were most frequent and were present in 15 cases. In contrast to the small yellow disseminated foci of candidiasis, the lesion by Aspergillus and Mucor were relatively larger, hemorrhagic, and necrotic. Cryptococcal lesion showed a small gelatinous appearance. All of the fungal lesion were devoid of significant inflammatory reaction. Lymphocytopenia (less than 500/mm3) was present in 13 cases out of 16 cases (not examined in the remaining 4 cases). Eight cases had long‐standing indwelling intravenous catheters, including two cases in which the catheters apparently played an important role in the development of disseminated candidiasis. Ante‐mortem diagnosis was established or suspected in only seven cases. Possible means of the prevention of fungal infection is also discussed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1201–1208. 1984.
VASCULARIZATION IN INFANTILE BRAIN TUMORS INDUCED BY HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE 12 IN RATS
Authors: Fujita Toshihiro
Published: December 2008

Early vascular changes in undifferentiated infantile brain tumors induced by human adenovirus type 12 (Ad 12) in rats were studied using the India ink injection method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts, transmission electron microscopy, and the peroxidase anti peroxidase method for glial fibrillary acidic protein detection. The process of vascularization of solid type tumors was divided into five phases : Stage O, no remarkable changes; Stage I, dilatation of vessels; Stage II, formation of vascular network; Stage III, fine branching in the vascular network; and Stage IV, necrosis. SEM of vascular replica in Stage III suggested compression of the vessels by proliferating tumor cells. In the tapetum region, Stage I was recognized in solid type tumors 100 to 230 (m = 180) μm in diameter, while in the olfactory lobes and in the anterior horn of lateral ventricle closely adjacent to the vascular gray matter, Stage I occurred in much larger tumors. In the diffuse type tumors, the dilatation of vessels was first noticed when the tumors were about 1600 μm in diameter. The solid type tumors mainly developed in the poorly vascular subventricular zone, while the diffuse type ones were usually found deep in the vascular gray matter. The results indicate that vascularization is closely related to the local vascularity and the growth pattern of the microtumors, and that of the solid type tumors induced by Ad 12 may be a model of vascular changes in infantile brain tumors which mostly develop and grow rapidly in the subventricular zone which have poor vascular development. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1343–1354, 1984.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA, SMALL NON‐CLEAVED, NON‐BURKITT'S TYPE
Authors: Kobayashi Hideka , Sano Toshiaki , Hizawa Kazuo , Tamura Masakazu
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of “Malignant lymphoma, small non‐cleaved, non‐Burkitt's type” with hypercalcemia is presented. A 57‐year‐old Japanese man suffering from epigastralgia and “retroperitoneal tumor” for nine months was found at autopsy to have two large tumor masses in the retroperitoneum and pelvic cavity. Tumor cell infiltration into the liver, spleen, both kidneys, and both adrenal glands was observed on microscopic examination. The tumor cells were lymphoid cells with the characteristics of “Malignant lymphoma, small non‐cleaved, non‐Burkitt's type”. The importance of recognizing non‐Burkitt's type is pointed out. The cause of the presence of hypercalcemia is also discussed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1365–1373, 1984.
A THYMIC TUMOR WITH MASSIVE PROLIFERATION OF MYOID CELLS
Authors: Murakami Sakae , Shamoto Mikihiro , Miura Kaoru , Takeuchi Jun
Published: December 2008

A case of thymic tumor, composed of both epithelial and myoid cells, was presented. The myoid cells occurred in clusters, and showed prominent proliferation between the nests of epithelial cells. The myoid cells had intracytoplasrnic myofibrils, and there were foci of electron dense z‐lines along the course of these fibrils. Some of these cells possessed sarcomeres identical to those of striated‐muscle cells. Histochemically, a significant amount of glycosaminoglycans was observed on the surface of the myoid cells. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1375–1383, 1984.
CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE OF CHILDHOOD AND SEA‐BLUE HISTIOCYTOSIS: A Pathologic Study of an Autopsy Case
Authors: Tanaka Toshio , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Morita Hideo , Uchida Yoshiyuki , Nagase Kei , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Yamatogi Yasuko , Kitamura Isamu , Kimoto Hiroshi
Published: December 2008

A boy, who started remittent fever reaching 40°C at the age of 4 years and 9 months and gradually developed hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia, is reported. Aspirated bone marrows contained sea‐blue histiocytes, and nitroblue tetrazolium test was abnormal. X‐ray examination revealed a tumor mass in the right lung, uremia occurred terminally, and he died at the age of 10 years and 3 months. Surgical specimens, obtained by splenectomy, and necropsy revealed the presence of characteristic sea‐blue cells in the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, liver, and kidneys, and pseudotuberculous granulomas with or without aspergillus in the lungs, epicardium, liver, and lymph nodes. Histochemically, sea‐blue granules accumulating in the cytoplasm of the histiocytes were proved to be a lipogenic ceroid‐like pigment. Electron microscopically, these granules were comprised of round or ovoid, membrane‐bound or free lipid droplets of various sizes and electron densities, occasionally containing poorly oriented, lamellar structures. The nature and possible pathogenesis of the sea‐blue histiocytosis in this case are discussed briefly. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34 : 1385–1401, 1984.
BASAL CELL ADENOMA WITH PARALLEL TUBULES IN STROMAL CELLS OF THE PAROTID GLAND
Authors: Suzuki Keiji , Kawaharada Umeko , Fukuda Toshio , Nakazato Yoichi
Published: December 2008

A case of basal cell adenoma in the right parotid region of a 51 years old male was reported. The tumor measured 2.5 cm x 3 cm, was spherical and covered with a fibrous capsule. Histologically, it was a tubular monomorphic adenoma with scant edematous interstitial tissue. The stromal cells stained positively by the PAP method using anti‐S‐100 protein serum. Electron microscopically, the tumor cells forming tubules had many microvilli at the luminal surface, many filaments in the cytoplasm and well developed des‐mosomes in the intercellular junctions. Ordinary intracellular organelles of the tumor cells were small in number, and their nuclei were oval with shallow indentation. In the dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum of the stromal cells, many straight parallel tubules were found. The tubules measured from 15 nm to 25 nm thick and 3.5 γm long in the longitudial sections and from 25 nm to 30 nm in diameter with electron lucent core and poor coat in the cross sections. Other cell organelles of the stromal cells were small in number, and filaments and dense attachments were found in the ectoplasm. Around the stromal cells there was a discontinous basement membrane. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34 : 1449–1458. 1984.
MALIGNANT LYMPHOMA OF THE PAROTID GLAND WITH MONOCLONAL CYTOPLASMIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN
Authors: Haratake Joji , Horie Akio , Yoshida Akio
Published: December 2008

A 56‐year‐old Japanese man with a malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland was reported. The tumor was located in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland, and somewhat invaded the surrounding soft tissues, but the regional lymph nodes were not involved. Histologically, the tumor was composed of round cells with plasmacytoid configurations and small lymphocytes. The plasmacytoid cells showed eccentric nuclei with fairly marked irregularities and perinuclear halos. In a large number of tumor cells, a monoclonal cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (CIg), IgG‐Kappa type, was demonstrated by the PAP method. Ultrastructurally, some of the tumor cells showed welldeveloped endoplasmic reticulum. From these findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a diffuse B‐cell lymphoma, mainly composed of lymphoplasmacytoid cells. And this tumor may bear a similar nature to an extramedullary plasmacytoma of the classical terminology. Malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland is rare but a case with the demonstration of monoclonal CIg is considered very rare. ACT A PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1459–1467, 1984.
ADENOLYMPHOMA WITH MASSIVE NECROSIS AND SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA
Authors: Weiss Lawrence M. , Brodsky Gilbert L.
Published: December 2008

A 61‐year‐old female presented with a longstanding parotid mass with recent change in size. Histologically, the mass was composed of extensively necrotic tissue with a peripheral rim of ribbons of epithelium. In one focus, a double layer of oxyphilic epithelium overlying a lymphoid stroma in a papillary configuration was present, establishing the diagnosis of adenolymphoma (AL). The possibility of infarction and/or infection complicating AL is discussed. In any parotid gland lesion clinically presenting as a longstanding tumor with recent change clinically suggestive of infarction and/or infection, the diagnosis of AL should be considered. In the pathologic specimen with extensive necrosis, areas of preserved epithelium and stroma should be searched for carefully to confirm the diagnosis. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34 : 1469–1474, 1984.
BREAST CANCER WITH OSTEOCLAST‐LIKE MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS
Authors: Kobayashi Shunzo , Tobioka Norihiko , Samoto Tsuneo , Kobayashi Manabu , Iwase Hirotaka , Masaoka Akira , Nakamura Takaaki , Shibata Hideo , Amoh Hiroyuki , Matsuyama Mutsushi
Published: December 2008

A case of breast cancer containing osteoclast‐like multinucleated giant cells was examined cytologically, light and electron microscopically to find morphological evidences suggesting the origin of the giant cells. There were multiple evidences showing the same carcinomatous origin of each cell including osteoclast‐like multinucleated giant cells. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1475–1484. 1984.
ENDOTHELIAL TUBULORETICULAR STRUCTURES IN INTRACRANIAL GERMINOMAS
Authors: Matsumura Hidekatsu , Setoguti Takao , Mori Kazuo , Ross Emanuel R. , Koto Atsuo
Published: December 2008

In studying three human intracranial germinomas tubuloreticular structures were observed within the cisterns of granular endoplasmic reticulum (RER), as well as occasionally within dilated perinuclear spaces of capillary endothelial cells. These tubuloreticular structures seen as a network of branching, convoluted, tubular profiles appear to originate from amorphous material. The development of these structures could be classified into three stages. In Stage I, the precursor substance appears as dense amorphous material within the cisterns of RER. Stage II is marked by the transformation of the amorphous material to coarse particulate material which aggregates to form tubular units. During the first and second stages, the distended RER that participates in the formation of these structures is accompanied by numerous attached ribosomes and is closely associated with mitochondria. In Stage III, the tubular units fuse with one another to form the tubuloreticular structure. In this third stage both ribosomes and mitochondria are almost absent. As a result of the almost complete disappearance of these organelles at this time, both the attached ribosomes and mitochondria may play an important role in the synthesis of the precursor substance as well as in its transformation to the tubuloreticular structure.
CLINICO‐PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF JUVENILE POLYP OF LARGE INTESTINE
Authors: Yamagiwa Hiroshi , Yoshimuea Hitoshi , Tomiyama Hiroki , Matsuzaki Osamu , Onishi Takehisa
Published: December 2008

Although the difference of juvenile polyps between the childhood and adult groups was investigated, no significant difference could be pointed out both clinically and histologically. Since the polyps showing similar pathological findings were examined in the present investigation, it should be considered as a matter of course that no significant difference by age was pointed out. In a sense, these facts revealed the existence of a juvenile polyp which occurs in adult patients. In fact, the incidence of juvenile polyp which occurs in adult patients beyond the age of 20 has been estimated as 0 to 44% in the literature. If the term of juvenile polyp is not preferable in the adult cases, the term adult juvenile type polyp may be useful. Although several theories like as hamartoma, inflammation, allergy, etc. have been discussed for its histogenesis, it may be difficult to understand the histogenesis of juvenile polyps by a single theory.
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC AND X RAY MICRODIFFRACTOMETERIC STUDIES ON SIALOLITH‐CRYSTALS IN HUMAN SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
Authors: Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Sakae Toshiro , Takagi Minora , Otake Shigeo
Published: December 2008

The crsytalline structures of 18 submandibular gland calculi were studied by radiomicrography, scanning electron microscope, and X ray microdiffractometeric techniques. The following observations were made by SEM: Granular or globular structure was seen on the surface of all cases and pyramidal crystal in one case. In the inside, all showed lamellar pattern with amorphous nucleus in the center, and granular, plate‐like and rhombohedral structures were also observed. X‐ray microdiffractometeric analyses: Apatite was frequently observed in both outside and inside of the calculi. Whitlockite was next frequently detected and was seen more often in the inisde. Brushite and weddellite were noted in the outside of calculi in one case each. Thus, it is suggested that brushite and weddellite were present in the front portion of calculus formation and then transformed into the more stable form e.g. apatite.
A PROLACTIN PRODUCING TUMOR ORIGINATED IN THE SPHENOID SINUS
Authors: Matsushita Hiroshi , Matsuya Shoji , Endo Yuzo , Hara Mitsuru , Shishiba Yoshimasa , Yamaguchi Hiroya , Kameya Toru
Published: December 2008

The case presented is a prolactin producing tumor originated in the sphenoid sinus of a 40‐year‐old woman. Histologically this tumor is a typical chromophobe adenoma of the pituitary gland. Human prolactin was immunohistochemically detected in the cytoplasm of most tumor cells. The tumor invaded around the pituitary gland and in the nasal cavity without distant metastasis. Clinically the patient showed hyperprolactinemia and amenorrhea.
LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF NONFUNCTIONING PARATHYROID CARCINOMA
Authors: Yamashita Hiroto , Noguchi Shiro , Nakayama Iwao , Togon Hiroshi , Moriuchi Akira , Yokoyama Shigeo , Mochizuki Yuichi , Noguchi Akito
Published: December 2008

A case of nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma in a 69‐year‐old female has been studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumor, located on the left side of the anterior neck, was well encapsulated by connective tissue but showed invasion to the capsule and to the thyroid. The tumor cells exhibited a trabecular arrangement surrounded by capillary networks but focally showed several ductal structures. They were polygonal in shape, had a large nucleus showing frequent mitosis and poor cytoplasm containing glycogen. Some tumor cells had clear and abundant cytoplasm, and resembled water‐clear cells of the parathyroid. Immunohistochemically, no thyroglobulin was demonstrated in the tumor tissue. Electronmicroscopically, the tumor cells with high N/C ratio contained poorly developed cell organelles and abundant glycogen particles. They were poor in secretory granules and had no conglomeration of lipid. Desmosomes and tonoflbrils were observed. The ratio of the reported number of nonfunctioning parathyroid carcinoma to that of functioning one in Japan was compared with that in western countries. No difference of the ratio was found between these two, when identical criteria were employed.
MALIGNANT SCHWANNOMA ASSOCIATED WITH EMBRYONAL RHABDOMYOBLASTIC FOCI IN A SINGLE TUMOR
Authors: Tanimura Akira , Nagayama Kazuhiko , Nishimura Tsuyoshi
Published: December 2008

A case of malignant schwannoma associated with rhabdomyoblastic foci is reported. The tumor was composed of two cellular elements. One was malignant schwannoma cells and the oher was embryonal rhabdomyoblast within tumor component. We suggested that this rhabdomyoblast might have been derived from ectomesenchym.