bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Value of Autoantibodies in Determining Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) Severity
Authors: Shahramian Iraj , Pishdadian Abbas , Afshari Mahdi , Salarzaei Morteza , Khodadust Mohadese , Aminisefat Alireza , Javadifar Amin , Tahani Masoud , Rakhshaninasab Shiva , Parooie Fateme
Published: July 2023

Background: The presence of autoantibodies is a prerequisite for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, most autoantibodies are not disease-specific, and serological overlap between AIH and other chronic liver diseases is common. Since the prognostic parameters of AIH are limited, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between histopathological findings on liver biopsy with different types of autoantibodies associated with AIH and how autoantibodies can predict the severity and extent of disease. Methods: The present study was performed on 30 patients with a definite diagnosis of AIH according to the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) criteria. Pediatric AIH patients underwent liver tissue examinations at the time of diagnosis at accession, which confirmed characteristic histological changes. AIH-related serologic major and minor autoantibodies were measured using indirect immunofluorescence assays and ELISA kit (EUROIMMUN, Germany), respectively, and were compared within all patients, and the results were recorded. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS V25 software. Results: Out of 30 patients, 17 (56.66%) were female, and the age range of patients was 17-11 years (8.46±6.95). Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) (73.3%), smooth muscle antibody (SMA)-anti-smooth muscle actin antibody (ASMA) (70%), perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) (63%), and liver kidney microsomal (LKM) (43.3%) were the most common autoantibodies found in children with AIH. There was a significant relation between the severity of histological findings and the presence of LKM antibodies (P<0.05). The highest sensitivity for predicting severe AIH based on histopathological findings was ANA autoantibody positivity and the presence of at least two primary autoantibodies (LKM and SMA-ASMA). On the other hand, positive LKM antibodies had the highest specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) in AIH severity prediction. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that there might be a significant correlation between the presence of primary LKM autoantibodies and biopsy results, so it can possibly act as an accurate autoantibody for predicting the severity of AIH, while other AIH-related autoantibodies did not seem to have a significant correlation with biochemical and histological findings.
The Relationship between Plasma Osteopontin Level and Proteinuria in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Najafi Farzaneh , Namiranian Nasim , Razavi Delaram , Mohiti-Ardakani Javad , Rahmanian Masoud , Razavi Roghaye , Gholami Somayeh
Published: July 2023

Background: Elevated serum levels of osteopontin (OPN) have been associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, and autoimmune disease activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between OPN serum levels and renal damage in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in Yazd, Iran from April to September 2017. Micro-albuminuria and creatinine (Cr) in 750 patients were measured and 180 included patients were divided into the three groups of 60 subjects based on the level of micro-albuminuria; normal (group A), micro proteinuria (group B) and macro proteinuria (group C). Body weight, height, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), HbA1c and OPN were assessed. Results: Among 179 patients, 60 of them were normal for proteinuria, 59 patients had micro-proteinuria and 60 ones had macro-proteinuria. The mean age of participants was 58.96 (±11.10) years (range 26-80 years), 90 patients (50.8%) were males and 88 ones (49.2%) were females. The mean OPN levels were significantly higher in group C compared to group B, and in group B compared to group A (P=0.0001). Serum OPN was correlated positively with HbA1c (P: 0.012), Cr (P=0.010) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (P=0.002). There was a significant difference in the mean of OPN level among the subgroups with the history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and HbA1C (P=0.035, and 0.047 respectively). Conclusion: These findings suggest that OPN is involved in chronic disease activity, and there is an independent association between plasma levels of OPN, and nephropathy in diabetic patients.
The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Hormonal and Histopathological Changes in Female Wistar Rats with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Pak-Hashemi Mohammad , Taghipour Zahra , Fatemi Iman , Hassanipour Mahsa
Published: July 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one the most common diseases in women in the fertility age. PCOS alters ovarian follicles and affects blood lipid profiles, liver enzymes and hormones. In this study, we tried to investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on PCOS pathological conditions. Methods: Twenty-four female rats were randomly divided into the three groups; 1: control group, 2: PCOS group (received 1 mg/ kg letrozole daily for 21 days, PO) and 3: PCOS+CoQ10 group (received 1 mg/kg letrozole with 10 mg/kg of CoQ10 for 21 days orally). Blood lipid profiles, liver enzymes, blood glucose and testosterone levels were measured and ovarian histopathology was evaluated. Results: Histological examination showed reduced number of antral follicles in PCOS+CoQ10 group as compared with PCOS group (P<0.001). PCOS increased the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme by acting on the liver (P<0.01). Administration of CoQ10 during PCOS induction was able to reduce ALT levels (P<0.01). PCOS increased the cholesterol (P<0.05), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P<0.05), triglyceride (P<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P<0.05) and testosterone levels (P<0.001) compared to the control group. However, CoQ10 treatment significantly reduced the above-mentioned parameters compared to the PCOS group. Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm that CoQ10 has a therapeutic potential for PCOS-induced lipid and hormonal changes and ovarian tissue damages. CoQ10 supplementation and its concomitant use with letrozole could inhibit the development of PCOS in rats. Testosterone reduction could be an important mechanism for CoQ10 beneficial effects.
The Effect of Age-Threshold on COVID-19 Patients Cure Rate: A Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Ghelmani Yaser , Fallah Tafti Tahere , Shamsi Farimah
Published: July 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had caused unexpected strain on healthcare systems in most countries in 2020. Although different survival models were used in clinical decision-making for COVID-19 patients, the effect of different risk factors in patients has not been identified clearly. Elderly patients, especially with comorbidities, were introduced as the most susceptible group at the risk of death. This study aimed to determine the threshold of age that influences chronic diseases and other factors that increase the cure rate of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This observational study was conducted at Shahid Sadoughi hospital in Yazd, Iran. All participants were older than 18 years old with confirmed COVID-19 and completed the day-30 and day-180 follow-ups. The Bayesian method was used through the cure rate models, practical models in survival with a single change-point to detect the threshold of age, illustrating each risk factor’s effect on the cure rate of patients. Results: The analysis included 901 confirmed COVID-19 cases with a mean age of 54.93±17.37 years. From all, 58.7% (n=529) were men and 9.9% (n=83) death occurrences were recorded. Sixty-five years of age was estimated as the effective changepoint that could change the cure rate of patients at the end of the follow-up times. Conclusion: The cure rate at any time during 30 and 180 follow-up days was noticeably higher in COVID-19 patients younger than 65 years who had cancer.
Cephalometric Evaluation of Age-dependent Craniofacial Skeletal Changes in Iranian Population with Class II Malocclusion: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Anbiaee Najmeh , Rashed Roozbeh , Bagherpour Ali , Nasehi Atefeh , Goudarzi Fereshteh
Published: July 2023

Background: Class II malocclusion is one of the most prevalent occlusion discrepancies. Knowledge of growth changes in craniofacial components can help clinicians plan orthodontic treatment, determine the proper timing to initiate the treatment, and predict the treatment outcome, especially in growth modification protocols. This study evaluates craniofacial skeleton changes in class II malocclusion subjects compared to class I malocclusion. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, cephalograms of 858 individuals aged between 7 and 23 were investigated. The samples were divided into the class I group (ANB angle 0–4) and class II group (ANB angle≥4 degrees), including 426 and 432 cephalograms, respectively, and each group was divided into seven subgroups considering age. Cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph software, and statistical analyses of variance, mean, paired t test, and independent samples t test were performed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed no significant differences between class I and class II groups in variables related to the cranial base and vertical facial height. In class II groups, the SNA angle was significantly greater. The total mandibular height (Co-Gn), facial angle (Npog-FH), and SNB angle were significantly greater in class I compared to the class II group. Conclusion: Protrusion of the maxilla affects the formation of class II malocclusion, but an underdeveloped mandible is the main component of Class II malocclusion formation. With increasing age, especially after puberty, the mandible may become more retruded in class II patients.
Hairy Cell Leukemia with Marrow Reactive Plasmacytosis and Mast Cell Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Jafari Elham , Kalantari Khandani Behjat , Baghershahi Melika
Published: July 2023

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) and HCL-like disorders, including HCL-variant, are disorders of heterogeneous mature lymphoid B-cells known for their hairy cell infiltration accompanied by a specific genetic profile, various clinical presentations, and, as they are uncommon hematological malignancies characterized by pancytopenia, the need for appropriate therapy. Sometimes HCL creates diagnostic challenges for clinicians, and its coincidence or association with mast cell and plasma cell infiltration is a rare condition. Herein, we report a case of HCL with confusing manifestations. A 44-year-old man was referred to the hospital for weakness, fatigue, and watery, non-bloody diarrhea. The laboratory tests showed pancytopenia, leading to a referral for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Medium to large cells exhibiting widespread cytoplasm, oval nuclei similar to monocyte nuclei (kidney-shaped) accompanied by an increased number of mast cells, and plasma cells were observed in the biopsy sample. In flow cytometry, the neoplastic cells were positive for CD19, FMC7, and the co-expression of the CD20/CD25, CD11C/CD22, and CD103 markers. In immunohistochemical staining, the mast cells were positive for CD117, the plasma cells were positive for CD138, and the hairy cells were positive for CD20. Overall, hematopathologists must be aware of various morphologic confounding factors such as lack of typical cell morphological features and increased plasma cell and mast cell infiltration in the diagnosis of patients with HCL.
Fluoride; An Updated Review
Authors: Jahanimoghadam Fatemeh , Shokrizadeh Mahboobeh
Published: July 2023

Background: Fluoride can arrest dental caries and prevent its progression. The most important advantage of fluoride is that there is no need for cavity preparation; in this respect, it eliminates the utilization of air motors. Furthermore, it provides a good choice for younger children without cooperation ability and patients requiring special care. This study aimed to review the literature about fluoride and to advise public health specialists about the types of fluoride and that fluoride is still a right and safe choice in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Through a search in electronic databases containing Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, a total of one hundred forty-two systematic reviews and original articles in the period of 2008-2021 were selected. The following keywords were used: pediatric dentistry, coronavirus, oral health, tooth remineralization, COVID-19, fluoride, dental fluorosis, and preventive dentistry. Results: Data from selected papers was extracted and classified to evaluate the importance of fluoride in the prevention of dental caries. Fluoride has been selected as a good choice for the prevention and control of dental caries during the coronavirus pandemic. Conclusion: The research has focused on increasing the awareness of public health specialists, advising them that any type of fluoride use is expedient and safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Knowledge and awareness about HPV-related oral cancer among dentists and dental students: A systematic review
Authors: Kazeminejad Ezatolah , Mirzaei Fatemeh , Ghasemi Shohreh , Dashti Mahmood , Esmaily Mohammadreza
Published: July 2023

Background: Oral cancer is one of the most prevailing neoplasms globally, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the risk factors for this condition. Knowledge and awareness about HPV-related oral cancer can lead to a better diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. This systematic review aimed to evaluate knowledge and awareness about HPV-related oral cancer among dentists and dental students. Methods: We searched Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest databases with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH keywords to find related articles. Our eligibility criteria were: 1) cross-sectional studies including knowledge and awareness about HPV-related oral cancers, 2) publication date up to August 18, 2021, 3) studies containing dentists or dental students as the main participants, or as part of the participants. The Joanne Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist was used for quality assessment. Results: A total of 10 studies were included in this systematic review. Five studies have shown that over 80 percent of dental students know HPV can cause oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). More than three-quarters of dentists reported HPV as a cause of oral cancer. Less than half of patients in two studies mentioned biopsy for adequate diagnosis. Conclusion: HPV-related oral cancer knowledge and awareness need to be improved through focusing on academic and public education. For dental students, it is necessary to identify HPV as a risk factor for oral cancer. Moreover, the significance of routine checkups should not be ignored.
The efficacy of different immersion times in chlorhexidine for reducing the Lactobacillus acidophilus contamination of the toothbrush
Authors: Fallahi Fereshteh , Mohebian Mina , Zeighami Habib , Gholami Neda , Yousefi Jordehi Atefeh
Published: July 2023

Background: Lactobacillus acidophilus is involved in plaque formation and progression of caries, and studies show that it can be transmitted through the toothbrush. Thus, decontamination the toothbrush is necessary for oral health. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of different immersion times in chlorhexidine (CHX) for reducing the L. acidophilus contamination of the toothbrush. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 84 dental students. Primary saliva samples were obtained from the students, and the salivary count of L. acidophilus was measured. The students were assigned to four groups, and the groups were standardized in terms of primary salivary L. acidophilus count: (I) simple rinse of toothbrush with water, (II) simple rinse of toothbrush with CHX, (III) immersion of toothbrush in CHX for 10 minutes, and (IV) immersion of toothbrush in CHX for 24 hours after use. Saliva samples were collected again from the dental students after 3 weeks of practice. The mean L. acidophilus colony counts of primary and secondary saliva samples were calculated. Also, the mean L. acidophilus colony counts of toothbrushes were compared among the four groups. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The mean L. acidophilus colony count of toothbrushes was significantly different between the four groups (P<0.05). Groups 3 (P=0.040) and 4 (P=0.012) showed significantly lower toothbrush microbial count compared with Group 1. No significant difference was noted in the salivary colony count of the four groups after the intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion: Immersion of toothbrush in CHX for 24 hours and 10 minutes was more effective than other methods for the reduction of L. acidophilus count of the toothbrush. In order to prevent corrosion of bristles, 10 minutes of immersion is recommended.
Determinants of oral health-related quality of life and its affecting factors in preschool children: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Soltani Raheleh , Barzegar Mohammad , Ghaffarifar Saeideh
Published: July 2023

Background: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is the main aspect of children’s oral health. In this study, it was intended to explore OHRQoL and its pertinent factors in pre-school children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was directed on 352 mothers with children (aged 3–5 years) based on stratified random sampling in health centers in Tabriz, Iran. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire completed by the caregiver, which includes socio-demographic data, OHRQoL (13 items), caregiver-reported children’s oral health status, and tooth brushing. The one-way ANOVA, independent samples t test, and linear regression were applied to define the predicators of OHRQoL using SPSS 16 at 95% significance level. Results: Mothers’ mean age was 31.5 (SD=4.9). It was 4.1 (SD=0.82) for children. According to the results, the majority of the mothers (88%) were homemakers and 25% had higher education. The mean (SD) of OHRQoL was 18.8 (7.9) out of 65. The items most related to OHRQoL were feeling guilty (25%), dental pain (35%), and difficulty eating (14.8%). According to the results of multiple regression, OHRQoL had significant relationship with economic status (P=0.046), caregiver-reported children’s oral health status (P=0.0001), children’s frequency of tooth-brushing (P=0.001), and their age (P=0.0001). In total, these factors described 0.22% of the variance in children’s OHRQoL. OHRQoL did not have a statistically significant relationship with mothers’ education level or children’s gender. Conclusion: According to the findings, the key predictor of OHRQoL was children’s oral health status, tooth brushing, and age. Effective educational interventions could be designed based on these predictors to improve the OHRQoL of children.
Prevalence of pulp stones in a selected population in South-east Iran
Authors: Jahanimoghadam Fatemeh , Parirokh Masoud , Motaghi Reza , Nakhaee Nozar , Shamsadini Fatemeh
Published: July 2023

Background: Pulp stones are calcified masses with unknown etiology in the dental pulp complicating access to the pulp and root canals during root canal therapy. Aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pulp stones in patients referring to Kerman University School of Dentistry. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 4413 teeth in 852 patients and 1052 bitewing and periapical radiographs. The patients were 3–60 years old and had been referred to the Kerman School of Dentistry for various reasons. Data were collected by radiographic evaluations and the use of a checklist and were then analyzed using SPSS version 19 and the chi-square test with the significance level set at 0.05. Results: The prevalence of pulp stones was estimated at 13.4% in the patients, significantly increasing with age (P=0.001). Most pulp stones were 12.2% in the maxilla and 10.4% in the mandible, indicating a significant difference between the two jaws (P=0.001). The highest prevalence of pulp stones was related to the permanent first molars. Most pulp stones were significantly higher in female subjects than in males (P=0.004), with no major difference between the left and right sides (P=0.07). No significant relationship was found between the prevalence of pulp stones with tooth restoration and dental caries (P=0.130). Conclusion: The prevalence of pulp stones increased significantly with age. In this study, the youngest participant was a 4-year-old male, and the oldest was a 60-year-old female.
Comparison of the efficacy of tadalafil in three different groups; patients on hemodialysis, first kidney transplant recipients, and second kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Dehghani Mehdi , Alirezaei Amir-Hesam , Javid Amir , Borumandnia Nasrin , Aliasgari Majid , Gholipour Farshad
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) on the improvement of erectile dysfunction (ED) in second kidney transplant (KT) recipients has not been studied before. Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficacy of tadalafil in three groups: hemodialysis (HD) patients, first KT recipients (KT1) and second KT recipients (KT2) with bilaterally ligated internal iliac arteries (IIAs). Patients and Methods: Age-matched men with ED were included in the study. Patients divided into three groups; HD, KT1 and KT2. The international index of erectile function 15 (IIEF-15) questionnaire was used to assess the baseline erectile function. Tadalafil was administered in a dose-escalation method for three months. Patients were reevaluated by the questionnaire at three months. The mean score evolution was compared between the study groups by Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Total number of 106 patients in three groups was included in the final analysis. There was no significant difference between the study groups in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and frequency of smoking, opium, or alcohol use. Tadalafil was safe and effective in all three groups. The mean IIEF score evolution in HD, KT1 and KT2 groups was 16.4 (58.7% increase from baseline), 19.3 (45.0% increase) and 20.4 (52.7% increase), respectively. Conclusion: Tadalafil is effective and safe in the management of ED even after the second kidney transplantation when the IIAs are cut bilaterally. The response rate is similar to first KT recipients and HD patients. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220310008, ethical code# IR.SBMU. UNRC.1396.43).
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE MODIFIED METAL AUXETIC STRUCTURE
Authors: ÖZKAN Erkan , KHOSRAVI Farshıd
Published: July 2023

Humans have always sought the optimal use of materials around them and, in this field, inspired by nature, have succeeded in inventing various structures. As one example, lattice structures, which are lightweight, strong, and stiff, are used widely in various applications, including energy absorbers. Lattice structures with a negative Poisson's ratio have been developed as a new type of lattice structure. As a result of this feature, auxetic structures have unique properties like shear strength, penetration resistance, fracture toughness, crack resistance, and high energy absorbability. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of the auxetic panels made using the 3D metal printer method is investigated by experimental tests and finite element methods. Experiments are used to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. Using the DMLS method, samples were prepared from metal-based AlS10Mg Aluminum composition. The 3D printing method was used to fabricate samples. Afterwards, experimental tests were made and the mechanical properties of these materials were determined by tensile test and used in finite element simulations. Following the confirmation of the model's accuracy, the finite element simulation results are used to perform a parametric study and determine the appropriate geometry. The numerical analysis is conducted using ABAQUS software, which uses the nonlinear finite element method.
COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT K VALUES WITH K-FOLD CROSS VALIDATION IN A GRAPH-BASED LEARNING MODEL FOR IncRNA-DISEASE PREDICTION
Authors: BARUT Zeynep , ALTUNTAŞ Volkan
Published: July 2023

In machine learning, the k value in the k-fold cross-validation method significantly affects the performance of the created model. In the studies that have been done, the k value is usually taken as five or ten because these two values are thought to produce average estimates. However, there is no official rule. It has been observed that few studies have been carried out to use different k values in the training of different models. In this study, a performance evaluation was performed on the IncRNA-disease model using various k values (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10) and datasets. The obtained results were compared and the most suitable k value for the model was determined. In future studies, it is aimed to carry out a more comprehensive study by increasing the number of data sets.
ASANSÖRLER İÇİN HATADA GÜVENLİ BİR ELEKTRONİK KART TASARIMI
Authors: KAYMAKÇI Özgür Turay , KARABAYIR Furkan
Published: July 2023

Dijitalleşme ve endüstri 4.0’ın etkisi ile gündelik hayatımızda kullandığımız birçok sistemde artık daha fazla elektronik ve programlanabilir elektronik bileşen bulunmaktadır. Bu artan karmaşıklık beraberinde birçok güvenlik riskini de açığa çıkartmıştır. İlgili sistemleri güvenli kılmak adına uluslararası camia birçok standart ve regülasyon ortaya koymuştur. Bu noktada IEC 61508 standardı güvenlikle ilgili sistemin hayata geçirebilmek için donanımsal ve yazılımsal açıdan gerekli özellikleri tanılamaktadır. Zaman içinde IEC 61508 temel alınarak birçok sektörel standart türetilmiştir. Bu çalışmada şehir insanının gündelik hayatında düzenli aralıklar ile kullandığı asansör sistemleri ve bu sistemlerin güvenilirliği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kapsamda asansör kuyusuna erişim sağlayan kapıların açılmasının kontrolü güvenli bir elektronik kart ile gerçeklenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu tasarlanan ve hayata geçirilen elektronik sistemin EN 81-20 standardında bulunan elektrik güvenlik tertibatları tablosundaki gerekli emniyet bütünlük seviyesine ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Tasarlanan elektronik kart kapıların pozisyonlarını güvenli bir şekilde takip etmesi ve uygun bildirimi üretmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda 1oo2 güvenlik mimarisine sahip IEC 61508’e göre SIL 3 seviyesinde bir sistem tasarlanmış ve hayata geçirilmiştir.
THE ENERGY STATES IN 〖Ga〗_(1-x) 〖Al〗_x As/GaAs QUANTUM WELL WIRE LATTICE UNDER THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL ELECTRIC FIELD
Authors: BEKAR Bahadır
Published: July 2023

In the lattice consisting of three quantum wires, the effect of the external electric field applied on the energy states of the electron is the focus of this study. The energy states and wave functions of the electron were calculated using the finite difference method with the effective mass approach. It was found that the energy states exhibit different behavior when the diameters of the quantum wires are considered as the same and different. When an electric field was applied to both quantum wire lattices, the electron's energy states showed interesting changes.
TEMEL İNCE FİLM ÜRETİM TEKNİKLERİNE BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: KARAKUŞ Erdal , KOÇ Mümin Mehmet
Published: July 2023

Malzeme bilimi ve teknolojilerinin gelişmesi daha kaliteli, sağlam ve dayanıklı malzemelerin üretilmesine imkân sağlamıştır. Bu gelişmelerin temelinde ince filmlerin yaygın olarak kullanılması ve ince film üretim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi etkili olmuştur. İnce film üretim teknikleri akademik araştırmalarda, teknolojik uygulamalarda ve birçok endüstriyel faaliyette yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hazırladığımız çalışmamızda temel ince film üretim teknikleri incelenmiş, ince film üretiminde kullanılan her bir temel tekniğin sahip olduğu avantajlar ve dezavantajlar tartışılmış ve ince filmlerin potansiyel uygulama alanlarına değinilmiştir.
PHOTOVOLTAIC INVESTIGATION OF Al/p-Si/CuPc/Al PHOTODIODES
Authors: GÖRÜNMEZ GÜNGÖR Zöhre , COŞKUN Burhan , İLHAN Mustafa , KOÇ Mümin Mehmet
Published: July 2023

Phthalocyanine is used in many scientific and industrial fields such as nonlinear optical devices, electrophotographic applications, photodynamic therapy applications, infrared applications, sensor applications and catalyst applications. The applications of the phthalocyanine molecule in hetero-compound structures have been studied before. The obtained results revealed that phthalocyanine can be used in photodetector and photodiode applications. Organic detectors can be applied to flexible surfaces and their production costs are lower than metal-based photodetectors. Considering these features of organic detectors, phthalocyanine-based organic photodiodes were produced by using copper-phthalocyanine salts in our project. The optoelectronic properties of the produced Al/p-Si/CuPc/Al photodiodes were investigated, and their I – V, I – t, and photoresponsivity behaviours were evaluated. Since I-V measurements show that the current changes with the increase of illumination intensities, our study shows that Al/p-Si/CuPc/Al structures have photodiode properties.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR İNŞAAT SEKTÖRÜ İÇİN GERİ DÖNÜŞÜM BETON AGREGASI
Authors: YAVAN Onur , BOZBEY Prof. Dr. İlknur
Published: July 2023

Dünya nüfusunun artmasıyla beraber oluşturulacak yeni yerleşim yerlerinin oluşturulması inşaat sektörünün sürekli aktif olmasını sağlamaktadır. İnşaat sektöründe de en çok kullanılan yapı malzemelerinden biri agregadır. Agrega rezervlerinin kısıtlı kaynak olması sebebiyle bu malzemenin yerine geçebilecek yeni malzeme arayışları sürmektedir. Özellikle yapı ömrünü tamamlamış ve/veya doğal afetler sonucu gibi sebeplerle oluşan inşaat yıkıntı atıklarının tekrar agrega olarak kullanılması son yıllarda çalışılan konulardandır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, doğal agrega yerine inşaat yıkıntı atıklarından elde edilen geri dönüşüm beton agregaların kullanımı ile ilgili çalışmalar incelenmiş olup, bu inşaat malzemenin sürdürülebilir kaynak olmasının önemi belirtilmiştir.
DERİN ZEMİN KARIŞTIRMA YÖNTEMİYLE İYİLEŞTİRİLEN ORGANİK ZEMİNLERİN DAYINIMI
Authors: ZORİYEH ALİGHOLİ Hossein , BOZBEY Prof. Dr. İlknur
Published: July 2023

Derin karıştırma yöntemi bağlayıcı kullanılarak zeminin mukavemet ve oturma gibi özeliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için kullanılan zemin iyileştirme yöntemlerinden birisidir. Organik zeminlerin su muhtevası, pH, organik yüzdesi ve içerdiği organik maddeler nedeniyle bu iyileştirme işlemi daha da zorlaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada zemin derin karıştırma yönteminin organik zeminlerde uygulanabilirliğini ve ona etki eden parametreleri değerlendirmek amacıyla literatürde yer alan on beş ayrı çalışma incelenmiş ve toplamda 224 veri elde edilmiştir. Bu veriler su muhtevası, kullanılan bağlayıcı çeşidi, dozaj ve içerdikleri organik yüzdesi açısından serbest basınç mukavemetiyle olan ilişkileri incelenmiştir.
DOĞAL GAZ DAĞITIM ŞEBEKESİNDE ORİFİSMETRE ÖLÇÜM EKİPMANI TASARIMLANMASI VE ÖLÇÜM SONUÇLARININ ULTRASONİKMETRE SAYAÇ İLE DENEYSEL OLARAK KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KÖSE Ramazan , ERTURHAN Umıt
Published: July 2023

Doğal gaz dağıtım sistemlerinde, hem alım satım amacıyla hem de var olan şehir şebekesini daha verimli yönetmek ve kesintisiz gaz arzı sağlamak amacıyla “ölçüm” son derece önemlidir. Özellikle şehir dağıtım şebekelerinin, bölgelerinde dağıtım görevini üstlenen “bölge regülatörleri”, doğal gaz şebekesinin doğru yönetilmesi için sürekli olarak izlenmeli ve kontrol edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, bölge regülatörlerinde ölçme ve kontrol amacıyla yerli ve milli kaynaklarla orifismetre tasarımı yapılmış ve ortaya çıkan ürünün ölçüm sonuçları ultrasonikmetre tip sayacın ölçüm sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma boyunca farklı zaman aralıklarında ve farklı akış debilerinde elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda tasarımlanan orifismetre sayaç ile yaklaşık %98 doğrulukta ölçüm yapılmıştır.
DOĞAL GAZIN GÜVENLİ KULLANIMINDA PERİYODİK KONTROLLERİN ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: KÖSE Ramazan , ERTURHAN Umıt
Published: July 2023

Ülkemizde ilk defa 1853 yılında İstanbul’da kurulan hava gazı fabrikası ile gaz şebekesi sistemleri kurulmaya başlanmış, 1929 yılında Ankara’da kurulan hava gazı fabrikası ile devam etmiştir. Ülkemiz 1988 yılında Ankara’da, 1989 yılında da İstanbul’da ilk defa doğal gaz ile tanışmıştır. Ardından 1992 yılında Bursa, 1993 yılında Adapazarı, 1996 yılında Eskişehir ve Kocaeli şehirlerinde başlayan doğal gaz dağıtımı 2004 yılından sonra EPDK’nın ihaleleri ile ülke genelinde yaygınlaşmaya başlamıştır. Bugün 81 vilayetin tamamında ve 700’den fazla yerleşim bölgesinde doğal gaz dağıtım faaliyetleri yürütülmektedir.

Eskişehir ilinde 1996 yılından bu yana doğal gaz kullanılmaktadır. Aradan geçen 27 süresince tesisatlarda ve gaz yakan cihazlarda eskime, yıpranma ve yorulma meydana gelmiştir. Bu süreçte oluşabilecek yıpranmaların kullanıcıların can ve mal emniyetine zarar vermesini engellemek tesisatların periyodik kontrolü önemli hale gelmiştir.
Initial Coefficient Estimates for New Families of m-Fold Symmetric Bi-univalent Functions
Authors: Hassan Lafta Hussain , Al-Ziadi Najah Ali Jiben
Published: July 2023

In the present work, we define two new families of analytic and m-fold symmetric biunivalent functions in the open unit disk $\Delta$. Also, for functions in each of the classes introduced here, we prove upper bounds for the initial coefficients $\left|b_{m+1}\right|$ and $\left|b_{2 m+1}\right|$. Furthermore, we get new special cases for our results.
Application of Linear Programming on Cost Minimization of Pig Feeds (A Case Study of MOV Farms)
Authors: Aliu T. O. , Gbolagade M. G. , Adeshola A. D.
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses cost minimization for pig diet formulation. A linear programming model was formulated for minimum cost and maximum shelf life feed quality. Linear programming technique via MATLAB was employed to obtain solution using real life data collected from MOV Farms, Ilorin. The results, attained at the $7^{th}$ iteration gave an optimal value of the objective function obtained as $ \#94,226$ per 100 kg, with the corresponding values 1.5714, 0.6929, 2.8929, 0 and 0 for $x_{1}$(pig weaner), $x_{2}$(pig growers), $x_{3}$(pig finishers), $x_{4}$(pregnant sow), $x_{5}$(lactating sow) recorded respectively. Hence, the cost of pig feeds formulation can be optimized effectively.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR ALGORITHM ON VARIOUS INTRUSION DETECTION DATASETS
Authors: Riyadi Andri Agung , Amsury Fachri , Saputra Irwansyah , Pattiasina Tiska , Jupriyanto Jupriyanto
Published: July 2023

Security in computer networks can be vulnerable, this is because we have weaknesses in making security policies, weak computer system configurations, or software bugs. Intrusion detection is a mechanism for securing computer networks by detecting, preventing, and blocking illegal attempts to access confidential information. The IDS mechanism is designed to protect the system and reduce the impact of damage from any attack on a computer network for violating computer security policies including availability, confidentiality, and integrity. Data mining techniques have been used to obtain useful knowledge from the use of IDS datasets. Some IDS datasets that are commonly used are Full KDD, Corrected KDD99, NSL-KDD, 10% KDD, UNSW-NB15, Caida, ADFA Windows, and UNM have been used to get the accuracy rate using the k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm (k-NN). The latest IDS dataset provided by the Canadian Institute of Cybersecurity contains most of the latest attack scenarios named the CICIDS2017 dataset. A preliminary experiment shows that the approach using the k-NN method on the CICIDS2017 dataset successfully produces the highest average value of intrusion detection accuracy than other IDS datasets.
Analyzing the Level of Anxiety Disorders of Final-Year Students by Applying the Fuzzy Mamdani Method
Authors: Tasril Virdyra , Iqbal Muhammad , Yuma Febby Madonna
Published: July 2023

Anxiety disorders are included in mental health disorders that are more or less experienced by society. The focus of this study was samples of final-year students who felt this disorder both psychologically and psychologically. Disorders often experienced by the average panic disorder worry from thesis guidance to conducting the final trial due to student unpreparedness and lack of confidence. The purpose of this study is to obtain the results of an analysis of the results of the diagnosis of anxiety disorders in final-year students. The indicators used are three variables, physical, cognitive, and behavioral, each with its symptoms. The fuzzy Mamdani method is used with the help of Matlab software to analyze the results. Based on five samples of students with anxiety disorders experienced by final-year students aged 20-22, the largest was in cognitive disorders, and the lowest was in behavioral variables.
Latent Dirichlet Allocation for Uncovering Fraud Cases on Twitter
Authors: Muharomah Sallu , Ratnasari Chanifah Indah
Published: July 2023

Fraud is a phenomenon that continues to exist in society with a modus operandi that continues to evolve with the times. The mode of operation of fraud is continually evolving with technological advancements, globalization, and consumer behavior shifts. In today's digital age, social media is important in spreading information regarding fraud. Twitter is a social media platform that is widely used. Twitter provides easy and fast access to relevant information. As a result, to raise fraud awareness, it is critical to study the mode of operation of fraud spread on social media, particularly on Twitter. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) approach is used in this work to classify and identify fraud issues often addressed by Indonesian Twitter users. By applying LDA modeling, this study aims to understand more comprehensively the fraudulent topics that often appear on Twitter. The research found that seven fraud topics are most commonly discussed by Twitter users in Indonesia, with the highest cohesion value of 0.491899.
Sensitivity Analyses of The Dynamics of Covid-19 Transmission in Response to Reinfection
Authors: Putri Nurul Qorima , Sianturi Paian , Sumarno Hadi
Published: July 2023

SARS-CoV-2 brings on the pandemic known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The Covid-19 spread model developed by Bugalia et al.(2020) has been modified in this study by incorporating reinfection and covid-19-related death during medical isolation. This model has two equilibrium points: the point of equilibrium without disease and the point of equilibrium with the disease. In addition, the equilibrium point’s stability and the basic reproduction number (R0) will be discussed. A sensitivity analysis based on Covid-19 data from India was carried out to identify sensitive parameters. Lockdown’s effectiveness is one of the sensitivity analysis parameters that impact changes in R0.
Study of Mathematical Modeling for Plant Disease Transmission: A Systematic Literature Review during 2012-2022
Authors: Tresna Sanubari Tansah , Anggriani Nursanti , Supriatna Asep Kuswandi
Published: July 2023

Many models representing disease transmission have been constructed and analyzed mathematically. However, literature studies on the mathematical models for vector-borne disease are sparse, especially on the plant disease transmission model. This study aims to obtain information about the research conducted and find room for developing the model, including mathematical analysis, intervention used, and biological factors considered. We employ a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to explore all of the studies on plant disease transmission modeling collected from four digital databases. First, the JabRef reference manager helps conduct the inclusion and exclusion processing. Then, we obtain 60 selected articles that passed the criterion. Next, the VOSviewer application is resulting a bibliometric analysis of the database containing chosen articles. Finally, we classify the model constructed based on the system used and elaborate on the intervention used. The results show that the existing researcher clusters are not linked to each other, and the models only consider usual interventions such as roguing and insecticide spraying. Hence, there is much room to build collaboration between the researcher and develop models for plant disease transmission by considering the other various intervention and biological factors in the model to improve further.
Dynamics System in the SEIR-SI Model of the Spread of Malaria with Recurrence
Authors: Ahkrizal Afdhal , Jaharuddin Jaharuddin , Nugrahani Endar H.
Published: July 2023

Mathematical model is used to describe the dynamics of the spread of malaria in human and mosquito populations. The model used is the SEIR-SI model. This study discusses the stability of the equilibrium point, parameter sensitivity, and numerical simulation of the spread of malaria. The analysis shows that the model has two equilibrium points, namely the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, each of which is locally asymptotically stable. Numerical simulations show that the occurrence of disease cure in exposed humans causes the rate of malaria spread to decrease. Meanwhile, the presence of disease recurrence causes the spread of malaria to increase.
The dynamics of prisoner population model in Indonesia with a rehabilitation regulation for drug users to overcome prison overcapacity issue
Authors: Triska Anita , Dzulfikar Muhammad Haekal , Supriatna Asep K.
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses about a mathematical model of the prisoner population with a new regulation regarding punishments to the drug users in an effort to overcome the prison overcapacity issue in Indonesia. This new regulation is launched by the Indonesia government after a fact about overcapacity of prison in Indonesia is revealed through a fire incident in a prison on 8 September 2021 that causes 41 people died and a number of people were injured. Besides, prisons in Indonesia are mostly occupied by the drug user. The model is constructed by using a compartmental model approach. The stability analysis of the equilibrium points is carried out along with its existence conditions. The analytical studies are equipped by calculate the basic reproduction number. Furthermore, this study is also equipped by numerical simulations with some scenarios. The results of this study confirm that the effect of the new regulation is able to reduce overcrowded issue in prisons in Indonesia. However, if it compare to recent prison capacity, this new regulation has not been able to suppress the number of prisoner below to its capacity limit in the short time so that it is needed to consider other solutions as the additional regulation and policy
Mathematical Analysis of Sensitive Parameters on the Dynamical Transmission of HIV-Malaria Co-infection
Authors: Oladapo Asimiyu Olalekan , Olayiwola Morufu Oyedunsi , Adedokun Kamilu Adewale , Adedapo Adedapo Ismaila , Adedeji Joseph Adeleke , Kabiru Kareem Oyeleye , Yunus Akeem Olanrewaju
Published: July 2023

Malaria disease increases the mortality rate of HIV patients. In this work, a mathematical model incorporating an infected, undetected, and treated set of people was developed. The analysis showed that the model is well-posed, the disease-free equilibrium for the model was obtained, and the basic reproduction number of the HIV-malaria co-infection model was calculated. The 14 compartmental models were analyzed for stability, and it was established that the disease-free equilibrium of each model and their co-infections were locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the basic reproduction number was less than unity or endemic otherwise. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the parameter that has the greatest impact is the contact rate; therefore, it is recommended for public health policies aimed at reducing the burden of these diseases in co-endemic regions.
Qualitative analysis of a Mathematical model of COVID-19 with intervention strategies in the Philippines
Authors: Apdo Rolly Najial , Paluga Rolando Namalata
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on the development of a mathematical model to analyze the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in the Philippines, where the pandemic has significantly impacted the population despite several quarantine measures, testing, contact tracing, and vaccinations. The model considers the impact of contact tracing and vaccination campaigns on disease transmission. The model is analyzed qualitatively and numerically, and the results show that increasing the contact tracing rate and vaccination rate can effectively reduce the reproduction number of the virus. The disease-free equilibrium is found to be locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than one, and the disease-endemic equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is greater than one. The study suggests that a contact tracing rate greater than 0.08847694 is required to effectively manage the transmission of COVID-19 in the target population. These findings provide insights for policymakers and public health officials in developing effective strategies to mitigate the impact of the pandemic.
Sensitivity Analysis and Optimal Control of Covid 19 Model
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Rangkuti Yulita Molliq
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus infection is a disease that causes death and threatens human life; for prevention, it is necessary to quarantine susceptible, exposed, and infected populations and vaccinate the entire population. This kind of quarantine and vaccination is intended to reduce the spread of coronavirus. Epidemiological models are a strategy used by public health practitioners to prevent and fight diseases. However, to be used in decision making, mathematical models must be carefully parameterized and validated using epidemiological and entomological data. Epidemiological models: susceptible, symptomatic, contagious, and recovering. In this study, sensitivity analysis and optimal control were performed to determine the relative importance of the model parameters and to minimize the number of infected populations and control measures against the spread of the disease. Sensitivity analysis was carried out using a sensitivity index to measure the relative change in the basic reproduction number for each parameter, and this control function was applied to the dynamic modeling of the spread of COVID-19 using the Pontryagin Minimum Principle. We will describe the formulation of a dynamic system for the spread of COVID-19 with optimal control and then use Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle to find optimal control solutions. In this article, COVID-19 cases in the USA and India serve as examples of the efficiency of control measures. The results obtained revealed that the parameters that became the basis for reducing the number of infected with COVID-19 for the two countries, the USA and India, are effective transmission rates from S to E, (β), transmission rates from E to I, (α), and transmission rates from S to R, (ps), which are the main parameters to watch for growth with respect to Basic Reproduction rates (R0). Finally, three controls were simulated in cases I (in the USA) and II (in India) in the interval t ∈ [0, 15]. For all controls, the effectiveness was close to 50% in India and 100% in the USA to reduce the spread of COVID 19. According to the findings, if these three controls were implemented ideally from the start of the pandemic, the number of sufferers.