bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of Emergency Surgical Outcomes for Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: A Ten-Year Single-Institute Retrospective Study in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Yu , Kuo Keng-Liang , Wu Chieh-Hsin , Tsai Tai-Hsin , Su Hui-Yuan , Lin Chih-Lung , Lieu Ann-Shung , Kwan Aij-Lie , Su Yu-Feng , Loh Joon-Khim
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: Pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) remains a major pediatric public health problem, despite well-developed injury prevention programs. The purpose of this study is to analyze the emergency surgical outcomes of pTBI in a single institute ten-year retrospective study to offer a real-world clinical result. Materials and Methods: Our institute presented a clinical retrospective, single-institute research study of 150 pediatric TBI cases that were diagnosed and underwent emergency surgical treatment from 2010 to 2019. Results: The incidence of radiological findings is detailed as follows: brain edema (30%, 45/150), followed by acute subdural hematoma (27.3%, 41/150), epidural hematoma (21.3%, 32/150), chronic subdural hemorrhage (10%, 15/150), skull fracture (6.7%, 10/150), and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (4.7%, 7/150). Surgical intervention data revealed that decompressive craniectomy was still the main effective surgical method. The results showed longer hospital stays and higher morbidity rates in the brain edema, acute subdural hematoma, and chronic subdural hemorrhage groups, which were viewed as poor surgical outcome groups. Epidural hematoma, skull fracture and traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage were categorized into good surgical outcome groups. Notably, the data revealed gross improvement in Glasgow Coma Scale/Score (GCS) evolution after surgical interventions, and the time to cranioplasty was a significant factor in the development of post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH). Conclusions: Our study provided real-world data for the distribution of etiology in pTBI and also categorized it into six groups, indicating disease-orientated treatment. In addition, our data supported that decompressive craniectomy (DC) remains a mainstay surgical treatment in pTBI and early cranioplasty could decrease the incidence of PTH.
Self-Reported Gastrointestinal Symptoms Associated with NSAIDs and Caffeine Consumption in a Jordanian Subpopulation
Authors: Al Shboul Sofian , Maloul Omar , Al-Trad Hamza , Maloul Yazan , AlHarahsheh Wa’ed , Mosallam Doa’a , Al-Sarayreh Sondos , AlRashaydah Rania , AlSarayreh Aya , Khasawneh Ashraf I. , Saleh Tareq
Published: September 2024

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and caffeine-containing beverages are widely consumed but their impact on gastrointestinal (GI) health requires further investigation. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between NSAIDs use, caffeinated drink consumption, and the prevalence of self-reported GI symptoms in a Jordanian subpopulation. Methods: An online survey was administered to 400 Jordanian individuals aged 18–65 years. Data on sociodemographics, NSAIDs use, caffeine consumption, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) history, and GI symptoms were collected. Contingency tables were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between exposures and outcomes. Results: The prevalence of self-reported PUD-related GI symptoms was 6.0%. NSAID users had higher odds of PUD (OR = 2.431) and related GI symptoms, including abdominal pain (OR = 4.688, p < 0.001) and discomfort (OR = 8.068, p < 0.001). Caffeine consumption was associated with self-reported burning stomach pain (OR = 14.104, p < 0.001), fullness (OR = 8.304, p = 0.010), and bloating (OR = 8.304, p = 0.010). Coffee, tea, soft drinks, and energy drinks were associated with increased odds of various GI symptoms (ORs 2.018-12.715, p < 0.05). Conclusions: NSAIDs use and caffeine consumption were independently associated with the increased prevalence of self-reported PUD and related GI symptoms. Despite the lack of adjustment for necessary confounders, our findings highlight the importance of considering the potential GI effects of NSAIDs and caffeine. Public health strategies promoting their safe use may help reduce the burden of GI disorders.
Intravital Position Study of the Clinical Anatomy of the Middle Lobe and Superior Poles of the Thyroid Gland
Authors: Tatarkin Vladislav V. , Shchegolev Andrey I. , Bakunov Aleksandr M. , Vasil’ev Yuriy L. , Chernyshev Mikhail D. , Serebryakov Evgeniy A. , Kaplieva Ksenia L. , Stetsik Egor O. , Pulotova Tahmina , Velichko Ellina V. , Trunin Evgeniy M.
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: This study analyzes the issues of position dislocation of the head of the superior poles and lateral points of the outer edge of the middle divisions of each of the thyroid lobes (TL) changes. The purpose was to provide an intravital position study of the clinical anatomy of the middle and superior poles of the thyroid gland (TG). Materials and Methods: We used data on anthropometry obtained during the study and data from MRI of the neck organs and anatomical formations of 100 healthy individuals, comprising 55 (55%) female and 45 (45%) male participants. To evaluate the data obtained in the examined group, the minimum probability value was 0.95 (95% confidence interval or p < 0.05). Results: Maximum flexion of the neck the distance from the center of the jugular notch to the lateral points of the outer edge of the middle parts of the TL decreases in all groups of but mostly in male ectomorphs; the same distance to the superior poles of the TG changes most in ectomorphic males on the right by 38.9% (p value < 0.001) and mesomorphic females on the left by 37.8% (p value < 0.001); in rotation to the left, the maximum was found in male ectomorphs, which decreased by 9.5% on the left (p value < 0.001) and by 7.3% on the right (p value < 0.001). Conclusions: this study provided new information about the intravital anatomy of the TG position, of the superior poles, and the lateral points of the middle part of its lobes.
Photocurable Hypervalent Fluorinated Sulfur Containing Thin Films with Remarkable Hardness and Modulus
Authors: Bonetti Kelly A. , Rende Deniz , Murphy Michael , Welch John T.
Published: September 2024

Novel tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl-containing oligomers prepared by visible light-promoted addition of 1,4-(bis-chlorotetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl) benzene or 1,3-(bis-chlorotetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl) benzene to either 1,4-diethynyl benzene or the 1,3-diethynyl isomers form hard, stress resistant thin films on spin casting. The isomeric oligomers were utilized to establish a structure-function relationship for the mechanical properties of films prepared from the oligomers. The Young’s moduli of 145-nm-thick cured films could reach 60 GPa. The measured hardnesses, between 1.57 and 2.77 GPa, were more than double those of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films. Curing of the tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl-containing polymer films by UV irradiation resulted in coatings that exhibited remarkable hardness and modulus with good surface adhesion to silicon.
Recent Development of Functional Bio-Based Epoxy Resins
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Liu Xuemei , Wan Mengting , Zhu Yanjie , Zhang Kan
Published: September 2024

The development of epoxy resins is mainly dependent on non-renewable petroleum resources, commonly diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy monomers. Most raw materials of these thermoset resins are toxic to the health of human beings. To alleviate concerns about the environment and health, the design and synthesis of bio-based epoxy resins using biomass as raw materials have been widely studied in recent decades to replace petroleum-based epoxy resins. With the improvement in the requirements for the performance of bio-based epoxy resins, the design of bio-based epoxy resins with unique functions has attracted a lot of attention, and bio-based epoxy resins with flame-retardant, recyclable/degradable/reprocessable, antibacterial, and other functional bio-based epoxy resins have been developed to expand the applications of epoxy resins and improve their competitiveness. This review summarizes the research progress of functional bio-based epoxy resins in recent years. First, bio-based epoxy resins were classified according to their unique function, and synthesis strategies of functional bio-based epoxy resins were discussed, then the relationship between structure and performance was revealed to guide the synthesis of functional bio-based epoxy resins and stimulate the development of more types of functional bio-based epoxy resins. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the development of functional bio-based epoxy resins are presented.
Enhanced Three-Axis Frame and Wand-Based Multi-Camera Calibration Method Using Adaptive Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares and Comprehensive Error Integration
Authors: Yuhai Oleksandr , Cho Yubin , Choi Ahnryul , Mun Joung Hwan
Published: September 2024

The accurate transformation of multi-camera 2D coordinates into 3D coordinates is critical for applications like animation, gaming, and medical rehabilitation. This study unveils an enhanced multi-camera calibration method that alleviates the shortcomings of existing approaches by incorporating a comprehensive cost function and Adaptive Iteratively Reweighted Least Squares (AIRLS) optimization. By integrating static error components (3D coordinate, distance, angle, and reprojection errors) with dynamic wand distance errors, the proposed comprehensive cost function facilitates precise multi-camera parameter calculations. The AIRLS optimization effectively balances the optimization of both static and dynamic error elements, enhancing the calibration’s robustness and efficiency. Comparative validation against advanced multi-camera calibration methods shows this method’s superior accuracy (average error 0.27 ± 0.22 mm) and robustness. Evaluation metrics including average distance error, standard deviation, and range (minimum and maximum) of errors, complemented by statistical analysis using ANOVA and post-hoc tests, underscore its efficacy. The method markedly enhances the accuracy of calculating intrinsic, extrinsic, and distortion parameters, proving highly effective for precise 3D reconstruction in diverse applications. This study represents substantial progression in multi-camera calibration, offering a dependable and efficient solution for intricate calibration challenges.
Analysis of the Temperature Field Characteristics and Thermal-Induced Errors of Miniature Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscopes in a Vacuum Environment
Authors: Wang Zicheng , Xia Xiuwei , Gao Wei , Zhang Xiangjun
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the mechanism of thermal-induced errors in interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes (IFOGs) caused by temperature changes in a vacuum environment, proposing a method for calculating thermal-induced errors in small fiber coils. Firstly, based on the Shupe effect and the thermal stress caused by temperature changes around the fiber coil, a three-dimensional thermal-induced error model for small fiber coils is established. Secondly, a spatial fiber optic inertial measurement unit (IMU) model is designed using the Creo 3D modeling software (creo 7.0.0). The model is then imported into the Ansys finite element simulation software (ANSYS Workbench 15.0), where a temperature field is applied to the IMU based on actual temperature profiles to obtain the temperature distribution of the fiber coil at different times in a vacuum state. These data are then used in the three-dimensional thermal-induced error model to calculate the thermal-induced error of the FOG. Finally, a thermal vacuum experimental platform is set up to collect temperature variation data from the inertial measurement components. The experimental data are compared with the three-dimensional error model proposed in this paper as well as traditional error models. The root mean square error is approximately 33% lower than that of traditional error calculation methods, which also proves the theoretical accuracy.
Micro–Nano 3D CT Scanning to Assess the Impact of Microparameters of Volcanic Reservoirs on Gas Migration
Authors: Gao Xiangwei , Yu Yunliang , Xu Zhongjie , Liu Yingchun
Published: September 2024

Volcanic rock reservoirs for oil and gas are known worldwide for their considerable heterogeneity. Micropores and fractures play vital roles in the storage and transportation of natural gas. Samples from volcanic reservoirs in Songliao Basin, CS1 and W21, belonging to the Changling fault depression and the Wangfu fault depression, respectively, have similar lithology. This study employs micro–nano CT scanning technology to systematically identify the key parameters and transport capacities of natural gas within volcanic reservoirs. Using Avizo 2020.1software, a 3D digital representation of rock core was reconstructed to model pore distribution, connectivity, pore–throat networks, and fractures. These models are then analyzed to evaluate pore/throat structures and fractures alongside microscopic parameters. The relationship between micropore–throat structure parameters and permeability was investigated by microscale gas flow simulations and Pearson correlation analyses. The results showed that the CS1 sample significantly exceeded the W21 sample in terms of pore connectivity and permeability, with connected pore volume, throat count, and specific surface area being more than double that of the W21 sample. Pore–throat parameters are decisive for natural gas storage and transport. Additionally, based on seepage simulation and the pore–throat model, the specific influence of pore–throat structure parameters on permeability in volcanic reservoirs was quantified. In areas with well–developed fractures, gas seepage pathways mainly follow fractures, significantly improving gas flow efficiency. In areas with fewer fractures, throat radius has the most significant impact on permeability, followed by pore radius and throat length.
Particle Properties and Flotation Characteristics of Difficult-to-Float Lean Coal
Authors: Li Yihong , Tang Ligang , Yao Lei , Gao Bo , Yuan Xue , Shi Changsheng
Published: September 2024

The flotation effect of lean coal is crucial for its clean utilization. Therefore, the flotation characteristics of difficult-to-float lean coal were studied. The analysis results of the feed properties showed that the ash content of the feed was high and the particle size was very fine. The minerals in the gangue mainly included sericite, kaolinite, quartz, white mica, and other substances. After flotation, the functional groups of the coal particles in the tailings decreased, and the absorption peak intensity weakened. Furthermore, the results of multi-factor flotation experiments showed that the dosages of the collector and the frother were significant factors affecting the yield of clean coal. The clean coal yield gradually increased with an increase in the two factors. The ash content of the clean coal increased with an increase in the frother dosage. Within the range of feed concentrations used in this work, the feed concentration was not a significant factor affecting the clean coal’s yield and ash content. Prediction models for the clean coal yield and ash content were proposed. Under optimized experimental conditions, the clean coal yield and the flotation perfection index were 72.15% and 46.63%, respectively, indicating a good flotation effect.
Development of a Real-Time Radiation Exposure Estimation Method Using a Depth Camera for Radiation Protection Education
Authors: Fujibuchi Toshioh , Arakawa Hiroyuki , Anam Choirul
Published: September 2024

X-ray fluoroscopy causes relatively high radiation exposure to physicians, radiation professionals, and patients. Understanding the behavior of scattered radiation is crucial for reducing occupational exposure. We developed a system for estimating radiation exposure during fluoroscopy by monitoring the position of the physician using a depth camera for radiation protection education. The dose distribution of scattered radiation in an X-ray room was simulated using Monte Carlo code. The data were displayed using augmented reality markers, and the dose at each joint point location was estimated using body tracking. Additional functions were created, such as displaying arbitrary two-dimensional cross-sections. The system performance ranged from 9.0 to 11.0 FPS with or without motion and a protective apron. The estimated doses were 0.93 to 1.21 times the measured doses for all joint points, except for the chest and pelvis. The estimated doses for the chest and pelvis were lower than the measured dose, with the minimum values being 0.72 and 0.60 times lower for the chest and pelvis, respectively. The system provides valuable insight into the estimation of radiation dose at joint points based on the physician’s position and movements, the physician’s optimal fluoroscopy location, and warning of dangerous exposure doses.
Prevalence of Lower Back Pain and Associated Workplace and Ergonomic Factors among Mineworkers in a Nickel Mine, Zimbabwe
Authors: Zenda Kumbirai P. , Rathebe Phoka C. , Moto Tshepo P. , Masekameni Daniel M. , Mbonane Thokozani P.
Published: September 2024

Lower back pain is a common occurrence among mine workers due to the nature of their work. Globally, workplace (occupational) and ergonomic risk factors have been reported to influence the prevalence of lower back pain among workers. This study aimed to determine ergonomic risk factors associated with lower back pain and associated risk factors (workplace and ergonomics) among mineworkers in a nickel mine in Zimbabwe. A cross-sectional study design was employed, and participants were randomly selected to complete a questionnaire that included the Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (DMQ). A total of 420 mine workers were interviewed, with the majority being male (n = 259, 61.7%) and aged between 31 and 44 years old (n = 159, 37.9%). The study found that the prevalence of lower back pain was 41.43% (n = 174). Several risk factors were found to be associated with lower back pain, including working overtime (AOR = 1.13, p < 0.01; 95% CI: 0.07–0.22), performing repetitive tasks (AOR = 8.06, p < 0.01; 95% CI: 4.67–13.93), bending (AOR = 7.77, p < 0.01; 95% CI: 3.97–15.22), and twisting (AOR = 3.32, p < 0.01; 95% CI: 1.83–6.03). Based on these findings, it is recommended that an ergonomic risk assessment and prevention program be implemented, which should include educational awareness about lower back pain and its prevention among mine workers.
Factor Analysis of Ordinal Items: Old Questions, Modern Solutions?
Authors: Marôco João
Published: September 2024

Factor analysis, a staple of correlational psychology, faces challenges with ordinal variables like Likert scales. The validity of traditional methods, particularly maximum likelihood (ML), is debated. Newer approaches, like using polychoric correlation matrices with weighted least squares estimators (WLS), offer solutions. This paper compares maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) with WLS for ordinal variables. While WLS on polychoric correlations generally outperforms MLE on Pearson correlations, especially with nonbell-shaped distributions, it may yield artefactual estimates with severely skewed data. MLE tends to underestimate true loadings, while WLS may overestimate them. Simulations and case studies highlight the importance of item psychometric distributions. Despite advancements, MLE remains robust, underscoring the complexity of analyzing ordinal data in factor analysis. There is no one-size-fits-all approach, emphasizing the need for distributional analyses and careful consideration of data characteristics.
The Analysis of NPP Changes under Different Climatic Zones and under Different Land Use Types in Henan Province, 2001–2020
Authors: Cao Yi , Wen Xingping , Wang Yixiao , Zhao Xuanting
Published: September 2024

Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is a crucial indicator of ecological environment quality. To better understand the carbon absorption and carbon cycling capabilities of Henan Province, this study investigates the trends and driving factors of NPP across different climatic zones and land use types. The Theil–Sen Median trend analysis method and the Mann–Kendall trend test are employed to monitor NPP changes from 2001 to 2020. The average annual NPP in Henan Province during this period was 414.61 gC·m−2·year−1, showing a significant increasing trend with a growth rate of 3.73 gC·m−2·year−1. Spatially, both the annual average NPP and its increase rate were higher in the western part of Henan compared to the eastern part, and NPP variability was more stable in the southern region than in the northern region. By classifying climatic zones and using the Geodetector method to assess NPP sensitivity to natural factors, the results show that climate and vegetation factors jointly influence NPP variations, with annual precipitation being the primary natural factor affecting NPP trends in Henan Province from 2001 to 2020. By analyzing the NPP gain and loss matrix, the impact of land use changes on NPP was evaluated. Forests had the highest average annual NPP at 483.52 gC·m−2·year−1, and the conversion of arable land to urban areas was identified as the primary land change type leading to NPP reductions. In the subtropical zone of Henan, forests, croplands, and grasslands exhibited higher NPP values and increase rates compared to those in the warm belt. This study provides new insights into the spatial variation of NPP caused by changes in climatic zones and land use types.
Research on Comprehensive Evaluation Indicators and Methods of World-Class Open-Pit Coal Mines
Authors: Li Jinze , Ding Rijia
Published: September 2024

Since the 20th century, with the rapid development of the global economy, human demand for fossil energy such as coal has been increasing. In the face of fierce competition, the state and various ministries and commissions have put forward the goals and requirements of building a world-class enterprise, and how to become a world-class open-pit coal mine and establish the corresponding evaluation standards has become an urgent scientific problem to be solved. According to the characteristics of open-pit coal mine production and operation, from the perspective of benchmarking world class, the key factors affecting the construction of world-class open-pit coal mines are extracted by using the fuzzy DEMATEL method, and the comprehensive evaluation index system, evaluation standards, and methods of open-pit coal mines are established, which provides benchmarks and guidelines for the construction of world-class open-pit coal mines and improves the construction level of world-class open-pit coal mines.
Adaptive Curve Passing Control in Autonomous Vehicles with Integrated Dynamics and Camera-Based Radius Estimation
Authors: Wang Bin , Liao Zhichuang , Guo Sijing
Published: September 2024

Autonomous vehicles frequently encounter performance degradation during high-speed cornering due to excessive speed and lateral acceleration, potentially leading to collisions or rollovers. This paper proposes a novel curve-passing control approach that first estimates the curve radius and then controls the steer and speed for smooth and comfortable handling. In particular, the curve radius is innovatively estimated using a combination of a camera-based lane detection model and a steering wheel dynamic model. The curve-passing control approach is validated on high-speed ramps and curves, demonstrating its robustness and intelligence to adapt to dynamic changes in curve curvature. The model effectively prevents vehicles from entering curves at dangerously high speeds from straight roads and mitigates sudden accelerations or decelerations when entering curves. Experimental results indicate that the vehicle speed is reduced to around 50 km/h and the corresponding acceleration is −0.6 m/s2 upon entering curves with a minimum radius of 150 m. This demonstrates that the proposed control model can ensure a comfortable and safe driving experience by autonomously decelerating the vehicle before entering various types of curves.
Homemade Diet as a Paramount for Dogs’ Health: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Pignataro Giulia , Crisi Paolo Emidio , Landolfi Elena , Belà Benedetta , Fusaro Isa , Clerico Luana , Gramenzi Alessandro
Published: September 2024

Pet nutrition awareness has risen enormously, with an increasing interest in homemade diets aimed at controlling food composition. The literature in this field is scarce, especially regarding the homemade diet’s long-term effects on pathological conditions. This prospective study encompassed 167 healthy and sick dogs subjected to a customized dietary plan based on homemade food. After an initial visit, dog owners provided questionnaires with follow-up data on their perceptions of physical sign changes or symptom modifications. A total of 104 (62%) subjects maintained the homemade diet, while 63 reverted to their previous diet. The median follow-up was 14 months. Out of 31 healthy dogs that continued the nutritional plan, 70% exhibited improvements in their coat condition and 47% a decrease in evacuation frequency. Regarding weight loss goals, 67% of dogs achieved their target. The 67 pathological dogs that completed the follow-up were primarily affected by gastrointestinal and dermatological disorders. Dogs with chronic enteropathy improved their symptoms in 95% of the cases, subjects with dermatological pathologies in 83%, and patients presenting both disorders in 100%. These clinical results are promising. Personalized and well-balanced homemade diets noticeably enhanced the overall pet’s health, with an almost complete remission of symptoms in pathological dogs.
SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE CONCEPT OF "TYPE OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY" AND THE PRACTICE OF ITS APPLICATION
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Voloshina I.A. , Novikov P.N. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia; Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Pryanishnikova O.D. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

In accordance with the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation following the results of the extended meeting of the State Council Presidium held on September 21, 2023, No. PR-2192GS (Clause 2), it is necessary to “ensure the updating of professional standards by providing for a flexible system that includes prompt specification of qualification characteristics by industry and types of professional activity, based on the unification of the process of developing professional standards using modern digital methods and optimization of the number of professional standards”. In this regard, it seems very relevant to analyze in detail the concept of “type of professional activity” in its various aspects, bearing in mind both its narrow and broad interpretation, as well as the fact that the identification of types of professional activity, determining their list is an important link in the formation of a system of professional standards, ensuring the validity of qualification characteristics. The object of the study is a system of professional standards implemented in the field of labor and vocational education. The subject of the study is the concept of “type of professional activity”, and its analysis in the field of labor and vocational education. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of approaches to the content of the concept of “type of professional activity” for the formation of a flexible system of professional standards. The research methods include system analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, and systematization. The novelty of the paper: an integrated approach and justification for various versions of the concept of “type of professional activity” are presented; the possibilities of correlating the content and scope of the concept of “type of professional activity” and the concept of “occupation” within the occupational groups of the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations OK 010-2014 (ISCO-08) are shown; it is substantiated that the system of professional standards is a flexible socio-economic system since the professional standard is both an economic and educational category. The results of the study can be used in the development of relevant regulatory legal acts on updating the system of professional standards, in the formation of a modern classifier of types of professional activity, as well as in the current activities of federal educational and methodological associations and professional qualifications councils.
INTERREGIONAL AND INTERINDUSTRY DIFFERENCES IN REMUNERATION OF PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES: CAUSES AND NEW APPROACHES TO THEIR REDUCTION AND ELIMINATION
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Agarycheva A.V. , Starokozheva V.P. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The subject of the research is the remuneration of employees in the public sector of the economy. The objective is to analyze the pay disparity for public sector employees in various aspects to develop proposals for its reduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the heterogeneity of Russian regions, the development of their infrastructure, remoteness from central Russia, the combination of supply and demand in the labor market, and other factors influence the formation of differences in the socio-economic situation of the subjects of the Russian Federation and, as a consequence, lead to social inequality, expressed, among other things, in pay disparity. A wide range of methods for analyzing interregional income inequality have been developed in the scientific literature. For the most part, they are designed to answer the question of whether there is a convergence of regions in income, i.e. whether the distribution of income across regions is becoming more uniform. In this study, the authors used a statistical method - a comparison of statistical indicators on wages published by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), i.e. the ranking method, as well as a content analysis of scientific literature. An attempt was made to explain what determines interregional, interindustry, and intra-category wage inequality. The following results were obtained in the course of the work: the interregional and interindustry differentiation in the remuneration of public sector employees that developed in 2019-2022 was examined in detail and, in particular, an analysis of the salaries of certain categories of employees in the healthcare industry was carried out in the regional context. The research results allowed us to draw a conclusion that is of interest to government authorities in terms of smoothing out interregional differentiation between the wage levels of employees of different budgetary institutions in the healthcare sector with the same qualifications and specialty.
THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS: RESERVES OF DEFINITIONS, DEVELOPMENT VECTOR AND REGULATION MEASURES
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Finance, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia, Matskulyak I.D. , Nagdaliev N.Z.-O. ,   Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: September 2024

The subject of the research is the social and labor relations of subjects of the labor process and representatives of related segments of the social and labor sphere, underlying the formation and development of the general system. The object is the carriers of these relations in the main link of the economy and other economic entities associated with it. The paper aims to analyze the content of social and labor relations and develop recommendations for adopting regulatory measures. The research methods include scientific abstraction, comparison (contrast), and logical and dialectical approaches. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the generalization of the evolution of the formation and specification of the content of social and labor relations. The results of the scientific search were updated conclusions that deepen the understanding of the essence of the studied relations, and recommendations for the formation and implementation of the corresponding policy addressed to the main link of the economy, government authorities of different levels, as well as individual educational institutions.
CONSOLIDATION OF APPROACHES TO INTEGRATED REPORTING FORMATION IN THE NEW ACCOUNTING PARADIGM
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, Bila Yuliіa
Published: September 2024

The availability of credible and transparent information about the financial, intellectual, production, human, natural and social capital of an enterprise is a prerequisite for effective decision-making by top-level managers. Therefore, the implementation and development of integrated reporting, as one of the management tools for enterprises, are of paramount importance in shaping stability and an active position in the global market. The variability of approaches and international standards create uncertainty for enterprises in choosing the most relevant regulatory framework. Therefore, the consolidation of existing requirements for the formation of integrated reporting for Ukrainian companies is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of the research is to compare international and domestic approaches to integrated reporting formation and provide recommendations for their harmonization. The article employs general scientific and specialized analytical research methods in economic processes: system analysis for studying the main approaches to integrated reporting formation; the inductive method during data collection and processing of each regulatory document; comparison for presenting the advantages of the discussed international and domestic recommendations; deduction and generalization method in forming conclusions and proposals for consolidating approaches to integrated reporting formation. The article explores the main international and domestic approaches to integrated reporting formation. It identifies the advantages for Ukrainian enterprises in applying each of the researched regulatory documents. The suggestion is made to combine individual examined approaches and compile integrated reporting using several standards simultaneously. The analysis conducted and recommendations provided present practical value for enterprises planning to formulate integrated reporting according to international or national recommendations. Further research is needed on the transformation of the accounting paradigm in the context of integrated reporting implementation, where, based on the conducted research, information about various types of enterprise activities is disclosed. Therefore, existing accounting methods oriented towards managing financial capital cannot fully satisfy the requirements for its formation.
USE OF ANALYTICAL METHODS OF MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Sysiuk Svitlana , Kyryk Vasyl ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: September 2024

The objective basis for solving the problem of improving management efficiency is analysis, which is its important function. The analysis provides a systematic, disclosure and coverage of various aspects or elements of the system of providing medical services, a process or a situation that occurs in a health care institution. For this, it has a wide range of tools and indicators. In the process of analysis classification and interpretation of information is carried out in order to understand the structure, patterns and factors that can influence decision-making. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the elementary components and build a scheme of decision-making in medical institutions, establish their relationship and carry out a description of the analytical part and appropriate methods of analysis. In order to achieve the goal of the research, an analysis of the problems existing in the management system of medical institutions was carried out. The expediency of applying economic management methods was substantiated. A conclusion was made about the expediency of more active use of analysis in management. A scheme of the management system with elements of analysis was developed; the relationships between its elements were established. The need for the application of analytical methods for evaluating activities in the provision of medical services was substantiated. On this basis, strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats in the activity of medical institutions were formed and identified due to the SWOT analysis. Evaluation elements were proposed and their descriptions were made. Based on the results of the analysis, the tasks that should be implemented to solve the existing problems of the health care entities were proposed. Adherence to research-based schemes and methods will not only contribute to increasing the efficiency of medical institutions but will also ensure better quality of health care services. In the future, the study of the principles of the correct selection of analytical indicators and their formalization for increasing the level of quality of medical services will cause even greater interest on the part of scientists and practitioners. In addition, since analytical calculations require consideration of external and internal factors, there is an objective need for more active use of modern computer programs. The development of tasks and algorithms for the creation of new software, as well as the improvement of those programs that are already in use, by supplementing them with innovative applications with new indicators, is also an actual perspective direction of scientific research.
Eficácia de um Programa Multidisciplinar, focado na promoção da alimentação saudável e prática esportiva, para controle do sobrepeso e da obesidade em crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Lima Guilherme Almeida de Barros , Rodrigues Ramon do Val Amarilha , Oliveira Laura Vitória Fortunato de , Passos Marcela Chamusca , Silva Camila Buonani da , Weber Thabata Koester
Published: September 2024

Justificativa: A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade entre crianças e adolescentes segue em ascensão. Neste contexto, ações voltadas para uma alimentação balanceada associada à prática regular de atividade física regular podem beneficiar a prevenção do excesso de peso. Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia de um Programa multidisciplinar, híbrido, focado na promoção de alimentação saudável e prática esportiva visando o controle do excesso de peso entre crianças e adolescentes. Metodologia: O estudo incluiu 25 crianças e adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade, classificados conforme a OMS. O Programa teve duração de 20 semanas e foi composto por três encontros presenciais semanais (50 minutos) para a prática da atividade física e encontros quinzenais remotos, via Google Meet, para tratar de temas relacionados a nutrição e a prática da alimentação saudável. A massa corporal, o índice de massa corporal (IMC), e o percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) foram medidos antes e após o programa, por meio da bioimpedância bioelétrica. Resultados: Cinco crianças, com média de 11±3 anos, completaram o Programa. A média de peso inicial e final foi 74,4 ± 27,0 Kg e 75,3 ± 26,6 Kg, respectivamente, sem diferença significativa (p>0,05). O IMC médio diminuiu de 32,7 ± 6,0 Kg/m² para 31,9 ± 6,4 Kg/m² (p>0,05). A %GC médio passou de 34,0 ± 19,0% para 32,9 ± 14,1% (p>0,05). Conclusão: O Programa não resultou em redução significativa de peso, entretanto favoreceu o controle de peso e proporcionou uma leve diminuição do IMC e da %GC. O projeto possibilitou um trabalho interdisciplinar e a integração entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão na universidade.
Viabilização de fonte alternativa na alimentação de tilápias (Oreochromis niloticus) e carpas (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Rossato Suzete , Souto Mariéli Santos , Brum Patrícia Flores de , Silva Gessica Rossato da , Muler Emily de Castilhos , Janner Marcio Luís , Araújo Ivan Graça
Published: September 2024

A farinha de vísceras de aves é um coproduto da indústria de abate de aves que vem sendo utilizada na fabricação de rações, por possuir bons coeficientes de digestibilidade, tanto de proteína quanto para a energia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a inclusão dos resíduos oriundos do abate dos frangos produzidos no Instituto Federal Farroupilha, na alimentação de tilápias e carpas. Foi utilizado como principal matéria-prima as vísceras das aves abatidas, coletadas frescas no abatedouro desta instituição. Inicialmente foi realizado processo manual de limpeza, e posteriormente cozimento das vísceras. Após, foram secas em estufa de circulação de ar forçado por 72 horas a 55ºC e adicionadas aos ingredientes secos. Todos os ingredientes foram misturados e peletizados. Foram utilizadas 50 tilápias e 4 carpas Húngaras. Os peixes foram medidos e pesados no início e final do experimento para avaliação do crescimento e rendimento da carcaça. Os parâmetros de qualidade da água foram avaliados semanalmente. Ao analisar os dados, não foi observada diferenças estatísticas no crescimento dos peixes, mas a conversão alimentar e rendimento em filé foi melhor para os peixes alimentados com a ração composta de vísceras de aves. A qualidade da água se manteve dentro dos limites considerados adequados para o cultivo dos peixes. As carpas húngaras contribuíram para a limpeza e consumo do residual de ração presente nas unidades experimentais. Concluímos que o uso de farinha de vísceras de aves é um alimento alternativo viável na criação de tilápias e carpas.
Avanços na técnica de instrumentação endodôntica
Authors: Santos Vinicius Oliveira , Vera Saul Alfredo Antezana
Published: September 2024

Avanços recentes em técnica de instrumentação endodôntica têm revolucionado a prática odontológica, proporcionando maior eficiência, precisão e segurança no tratamento de canais radiculares. Novas tecnologias, como sistemas rotatórios e reciprocantes, têm simplificado procedimentos, reduzindo o tempo de tratamento e minimizando complicações. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetiva revisar a evolução dos sistemas reciprocantes na endodontia, destacando suas vantagens e desafios. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura abrangendo artigos científicos e casos clínicos relevantes. Resultados: O desenvolvimento de instrumentos de níquel-titânio com geometrias avançadas e maior resistência à fadiga tem melhorado significativamente a capacidade de limpeza e modelagem do canal, resultando em melhores resultados clínicos e prognósticos para os pacientes. Conclusão: Apesar das tecnologias e terapias avançadas, o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico depende do conhecimento do profissional e compreensão da anatomia dos canais radiculares. Manter-se atualizado é essencial para melhores resultados clínicos e qualidade de vida oral.
Tumor fibroso solitário extrapleural em coxa: um diagnóstico desafiador
Authors: Oliveira Isadora Roberta de , Silva Danielli Regina da , Vargas Mariana Silva , Furtado Júnior Luiz Carlos Almeida , Carrara Guilherme Freire Angotti
Published: September 2024

Os Tumores Fibrosos Solitários (TFS) são mais comuns nas pleuras, mas podem surgir em outras regiões como meninges, abdome, tronco, extremidades, cabeça e pescoço. Embora a morfologia dos TFS extrapleurais seja semelhante à dos pleurais, as manifestações clínicas variam conforme a localização. Esses tumores apresentam uma variedade de achados histológicos, o que dificulta o diagnóstico. TFS extrapleurais costumam ser mais agressivos, especialmente em áreas como mediastino e retroperitônio. Imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) e ressonância magnética (RNM) são úteis, mas o diagnóstico definitivo depende de biópsia e análise imuno-histoquímica. O tratamento primário é a ressecção cirúrgica completa, com acompanhamento a longo prazo devido ao risco de recorrência. A distinção entre TFS benignos e malignos não é clara, com a estratificação de risco baseada em variáveis como idade, tamanho do tumor, contagem mitótica e necrose tumoral. Descrevemos um caso que envolve uma paciente de 48 anos, que foi diagnosticada com TFS na região inguinal direita durante avaliação pré-operatória de varicectomia. Após ressecção cirúrgica e confirmação histológica, a paciente evoluiu bem, com acompanhamento contínuo sem sinais de recidiva.
Doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica: um marcador de risco de doença arterial coronariana aterosclerótica?
Authors: Consul Crisangela Cristin , Parlow Jaqueline Meert , Santos Gabriel dos , Wenglarek Karyn Maria , Silva Thais de Lima da , Justus Isabela Hess , Colmenero Flávia Cristina , Montemezzo Maurício , Sturzeneker Mário Cláudio Soares
Published: September 2024

As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) são a causa mais comum de morbimortalidade em todo o mundo e a doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) tem sido descrita como a mais frequente das doenças hepáticas crônicas. A associação significativa, frequente e muitas vezes independente entre ambas, reforça a hipótese de que a DHGNA seja pelo menos um marcador de risco para DCV. A estratificação do risco CV, permanece com limitações, portanto, pesquisas nessa linha racional são extremamente úteis para auxiliar na sedimentação de ferramentas adicionais para esse fim. Nesse sentido, realizamos esse estudo para avaliar a provável relação entre a DHGNA e a gravidade da síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). Estudo transversal e retrospectivo, baseado em registros de prontuário de pacientes com SCA, DCV e DHGNA documentadas. 99 pacientes foram divididos em 3 subgrupos: angina instável (AI), infarto agudo do miocárdio sem supradesnivelamento de segmento ST (IAMSSST) e infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento de segmento ST (IAMCSST). Comparado ao subgrupo com AI, houve associação significativa entre a DHGNA e o IAMSSST (p <0,001), sendo de forma semelhante, essa associação observada com o diagnóstico de IAMCSST (p <0,001), independentemente da presença de sobrepeso, obesidade e seus graus, diabetes, idade, sexo e no caso do subgrupo com IAMCSST, independente da presença de HAS. Contudo, essa associação não foi independente da presença de HAS nos portadores de IMSSST. Quanto a associação entre a gravidade da DHGNA e a gravidade da SCA, observou-se essa associação, com significância estatística, somente com o diagnóstico de IAMCSST (p<0,001).
Efeitos adversos do uso indiscriminado de descongestionantes nasais
Authors: Silva Jéssica de Sousa , Ribeiro Suziane Assis dos Santos , Santos Jéssica Nunes Araújo dos , Sampaio Byanca Nunes , Figueira Hávilla Clycia Oliveira Siqueira
Published: September 2024

Considerando que o acometimento da população por gripe, resfriado ou enfermidades respiratórias é comum em determinados períodos do ano, os indivíduos, por ficarem com o trato respiratório superior obstruído por muco, utilizam descongestionantes nasais para aliviar o bloqueio e restaurar a respiração, uma vez que o medicamento é específico para este fim. Entretanto, o seu uso indiscriminado pode causar efeitos adversos. Objetiva-se, portanto, descrever os riscos do uso inadequado do medicamento vinculado ao “efeito rebote” no organismo, que por sua vez favorece o surgimento de vício, tanto à sensação de alívio rápido que o medicamento causa, quanto às substâncias que o compõem. Para tanto, precede-se a coleta de dados e a revisão bibliográfica de autores que abordam a temática, com publicações contidas nas bases de dados Google Scholar e Latindex. Desse modo, observa-se que o profissional farmacêutico possui um papel fundamental no combate a tais efeitos adversos, sendo detentor também da incumbência de orientação sobre administração, conservação, suspensão e até mesmo da indicação de tratamentos alternativos que provoquem menos riscos ao organismo.