bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DYNAMICAL INVESTIGATION AND DISTRIBUTED CONSENSUS TRACKING CONTROL OF A VARIABLE-ORDER FRACTIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK USING A MULTI-AGENT NEURAL NETWORK-BASED CONTROL METHOD
Authors: SUN TIAN-CHUAN , YOUSEFPOUR AMIN , KARACA YELIZ , ALASSAFI MADINI O. , AHMAD ADIL M. , LI YONG-MIN
Published: April 2022

In today’s sophisticated global marketplace, supply chains are complex nonlinear systems in the presence of different types of uncertainties, including supply-demand and delivery uncertainties. Though up to now, some features of these systems are studied, there are still many aspects of these systems which need more attention. This necessitates more research studies on these systems. Hence, in this study, we propose a variable-order fractional supply chain network. The dynamic of the system is investigated using the Lyapunov exponent and bifurcation diagram. It is demonstrated that a minor change in the system’s fractional-derivative may dramatically affect its behavior. Then, distributed consensus tracking of the multi-agent network is studied. To this end, a control technique based on the sliding concept and Chebyshev neural network estimator is offered. The system’s stability is demonstrated using the Lyapunov stability theorem and Barbalat’s lemma. Finally, through numerical results, the proposed controller’s excellent performance for distributed consensus tracking of multi-agent supply chain network is demonstrated.
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF FRACTIONAL ORDER IMPERFECT TESTING INFECTION DISEASE MODEL
Authors: KHAN ZAREEN A. , KHAN AZIZ , ABDELJAWAD THABET , KHAN HASIB
Published: April 2022

These days the whole world is facing a serious problem of infectious maladies and how to control the endemic of these diseases. Testing correctly is one of the most important procedures in preventing the spread of infectious diseases, as incorrect testing can turn a susceptible person into an infected person. In this paper, we study the dynamics of imperfect testing and diagnostics of infectious diseases model by replacing the integer order derivative in the sense of fractional order Atangana–Baleanu operator coupled with Caputo operator. This AB-fractional operator is the generalization of classical derivative and gives more data of the factors of the nonlocal dynamical frameworks. Fixed point theorems have been used for the verification of existence results and Picard’s stability technique utilized for the stability study of a fractional order imperfect testing infectious disease (ITID) model. Finally, numerical computations are implemented for the fractional order ITID model to illustrate the results graphically.
A NEW FRACTIONAL-ORDER STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SIR MODEL FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF BURULI DISEASE: A BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION
Authors: AHMAD RIAZ , FAROOQI ASMA , FAROOQI RASHADA , BARY GHULAM , BASIT MUHAMMAD ABDUL , KHAN ILYAS , MOHAMED ABDULLAH
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a new computing technique is investigated for the cause of Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU) with the help of differential equations through the SIR model. This study is carried out to find the cause between the ulcer and the environment for the spread of Buruli ulcer (BU). Fractional-order SIR model is applied to discuss in detail the BU disease. The construction and development of this given numerical scheme are performed for the SIR epidemiological model concerning the transmission dynamics of BUs. Mathematical modeling of the presented scheme with the help of stability techniques is accomplished. Further, the behavior of the scheme is accessed by the evaluation of the different parameters of interest. The attained numerical results are observed for the illustration of the benefit of introducing a fractional model. Finally, we profound that the presented numerical scheme maintains all required control measuring features of the corresponding dynamical system and decreases the ancillary cost when studied over a long time. With the help of a given novel and unique approach, a significant observation is noted and recommended for other epidemiological fractional-order models. In future, this novel fractal technique will be appertained in chemical and biomedical engineering applications.
Advances in Gender-Transformative Approaches to Health Promotion
Authors: Fisher Jane , Makleff Shelly
Published: April 2022

Gender is an important determinant of health, but explicit attention to gender is often missing in health promotion. We build on Pederson and colleagues’ gender-transformative framework for health promotion to propose four guiding principles for gender-transformative health promotion. First, health promotion must address gender norms directly if it is to improve health outcomes. Second, it should move beyond individual change to engage explicitly with structural and social determinants of health. Third, it should address underlying gender-related determinants in order to influence health outcomes. And fourth, it requires complexity-informed design, implementation, and evaluation. We provide background on key concepts that are essential for designing, implementing, and evaluating gender-transformative health promotion: gender norms, socioecological approaches, and the gender system. We give examples of the four principles in practice, using the case of postnatal mental health promotion in Australia and sexuality education in Mexico. These four principles can be applied to health promotion efforts across contexts and outcomes to address the harmful gender norms that contribute to poor health as a part of broader efforts to improve health and well-being.
A human Barrett’s esophagus organoid system reveals epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity induced by acid and bile salts
Authors: Zhang Qiuyang , Bansal Ajay , Dunbar Kerry B. , Chang Yan , Zhang Jianning , Balaji Uthra , Gu Jinghua , Zhang Xi , Podgaetz Eitan , Pan Zui , Spechler Stuart Jon , Souza Rhonda F.
Published: April 2022

Using Barrett’s esophagus (BE) biopsies, we established organoids recapitulating key BE features. During early stages of organoid development, a GERD-like wound environment-induced features of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) in Barrett’s progenitor cells, suggesting that reflux-induced EMP can enable Barrett’s cells to migrate underneath squamous epithelium to form subsquamous intestinal metaplasia, a condition that may underlie Barrett’s cancers that escape detection by endoscopic surveillance, and recurrences of Barrett’s metaplasia following endoscopic eradication therapy.
Impaired nitrergic relaxation in pyloric sphincter of the 6-OHDA Parkinson’s disease rat
Authors: Fan Yan-Yan , Zhang Yue , Fan Rui-Fang , Wang Tao , Yu Xiao , Zheng Li-Fei , Zhu Jin-Xia
Published: April 2022

Reduced nitrergic neurons in pyloric myenteric plexus potently contributed to the attenuated relaxation in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rats, subsequently affecting gastric emptying. SNP could well improve the relaxation of pylori in 6-OHDA rats. The present study provides new insight into the diagnosis and treatment of delayed gastric emptying in patients with PD.
Continuous but not pulsed low-dose fetal betamethasone exposures extend the durability of antenatal steroid therapy
Authors: Takahashi Tsukasa , Takahashi Yuki , Fee Erin L. , Saito Masatoshi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Usuda Haruo , Bridges James P. , Milad Mark A. , Furfaro Lucy , Carter Sean , Schmidt Augusto F. , Newnham John P. , Jobe Alan H. , Kemp Matthew W.
Published: April 2022

Antenatal steroid (ANS) therapy is the standard care for women at imminent risk of preterm labor. Despite extensive and long-standing use, 40%–50% of babies exposed antenatally to steroids do not derive benefit; remaining undelivered 7 days or more after ANS treatment is associated with a lack of treatment benefit and increased risk of harm. We used a pregnant sheep model to evaluate the impact of continuous versus pulsed ANS treatments on fetal lung maturation at an extended, 8-day treatment to delivery interval. Continuous low-dose ANS treatments for more than 72 h in duration improved fetal lung maturation at 8 days after treatment initiation. If fetal ANS exposure was interrupted, the beneficial ANS effect was lost. Truncated treatments, including that simulating the current clinical treatment regimen, did not improve lung function. Variable fetal lung maturation was correlated to the amount of saturated phosphatidylcholine present in the lung fluid. These data demonstrate that 1) the durability of ANS therapy may be enhanced by employing an extended, low-dose treatment regimen by reducing total dose and 2) interrupting the continuity of fetal exposure by allowing it to fall below a minimal threshold was associated with comparably poor functional maturation of the preterm ovine lung.
Folic acid-mediated fibrosis is driven by C5a receptor 1-mediated activation of kidney myeloid cells
Authors: Sahu Ranjit K. , Xavier Sandhya , Chauss Daniel , Wang Luopin , Chew Claude , Taylor Ronald , Stallcup William B. , Ma Jennie Z. , Kazemian Majid , Afzali Behdad , Köhl Jörg , Portilla Didier
Published: April 2022

This study used novel green fluorescent protein C5a receptor 1 floxed mice and the model of folic acid-mediated kidney fibrosis to demonstrate the pathogenic role of increased expression of this complement receptor on macrophages.
Toll‐Like Receptors/TNF‐α Pathway Crosstalk and Impact on Different Sites of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Patients
Authors: Li Xia , Guo Dianxuan , Chen Ying , Hu Youdong
Published: April 2022

Background. Recurrent myocardial infarction is associated with increased mortality. Risk and predictive factors of recurrent myocardial infarction in elderly patients after coronary stenting are not well known. This research sought to investigate the effects of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptor on recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stenting in elderly patients. Methods. We measured the levels of toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2), toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), soluble tumor necrosis factor‐α receptor‐1 (sTNFR‐1), soluble tumor necrosis factor‐α receptor‐2 (sTNFR‐2), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in elderly patients with recurrent myocardial infarction and assessed the changes of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptors in elderly patients with recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stenting. Results. Levels of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TNF‐α, sTNFR‐1, and sTNFR‐2 were remarkably increased (P < 0.001), and EPCs and VEGF were remarkably lowered (P < 0.001) in the elderly patients with recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stent implantation. Increased expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptors induced recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stenting. Elevated expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptors may be used to identify elderly patients who have an increased risk of developing recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stenting. Conclusion. The increase levels of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptors were associated with recurrent myocardial infarction after coronary stenting. Increased expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and toll‐like receptors may be clinically useful biomarkers for predicting recurrent myocardial infarction in the elderly patients after coronary stent implantation.
Effects of Different Hypothermia on the Results of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Cardiac Arrest Rat Model
Authors: Xu Shaohua , Miao Hui , Gong Liming , Feng Lijie , Hou Xuliang , Zhou Manhong , Shen Hong , Chen Wei
Published: April 2022

Objective. To investigate the optimal temperature of hypothermia treatment in rats with cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation (VF) after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods. A total of forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by VF through the guidewire with a maximum of 5 mA current and untreated for 8 min. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed for 8 min followed by defibrillation (DF). Resuscitated rats were then randomized into the normothermia (37°C) group, milder (35°C) group, mild (33°C) group, or moderate (28°C) group. Hypothermia was immediately induced with surface cooling. The target temperature was maintained for 4 h before rewarming to

37
±

0.5

°

C

. Moreover, at the end of the 4 h, a rat in each group was randomly selected to be sacrificed for the cerebral cortex electron microscopy observation (

n
=
1

). The other resuscitated animals were observed for up to 72 h after ROSC (

n
=
7

). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) were measured. Survival time, survival rate, and neurological deficit score (NDS) were recorded for 72 h. Results. During hypothermia, higher LVEF was observed in the hypothermia groups when compared with normothermia group (35°C vs. 37°C,

p
<
0.05

, 33°C and 28°C vs. 37°C,

p
<
0.01

). Among the hypothermia groups, LVEF was higher in the 28°C group than that of 35°C (

p
<
0.05

). However, both the heart rate (HR) (

p
<
0.01

) and LVEDV (28°C vs. 35°C,

p
<
0.01

, 28°C vs. 37°C and 33°C,

p
<
0.05

) were lowest in the 28°C group when compared with the other groups. There were no significant differences of LVEF and LVEDV between the group 35°C and 33°C (

p
>
0.05

). After rewarming, the LVEF of 35°C group was higher than that of group 37°C, 33°C, and 28°C (35°C vs. 37°C and 28°C,

p
<
0.01

, 35°C vs. 33°C,

p
<
0.05

). Group 35°C and 33°C resulted in longer survival (

p
<
0.01

), higher survival rate (

p
<
0.01

), and lower NDS (35°C vs. 37°C and 28°C,

p
<
0.01

, 33°C vs. 37°C and 28°C,

p
<
0.05

) compared with the group 37°C and 28°C. The extent of damage to cerebral cortex cells in group of 35°C and 33°C was lighter than that in group of 37°C and 28°C. The 35°C group spent less time in the process of cooling and rewarming than the group 33°C and 28°C (

p
<
0.01

). Conclusions. An almost equal protective effect of milder hypothermia (35°C) and mild hypothermia (33°C) in cardiac arrest (CA) rats was achieved with more predominant effect than moderate hypothermia (28°C) and normothermia (37°C). More importantly, shorter time spent in cooling and rewarming was required in the 35°C group, indicating its potential clinical application. These findings support the possible use of milder hypothermia (35°C) as a therapeutic agent for postresuscitation.
The Efficacy of Double-Heart Nursing in Combination with Seaweed Polysaccharide for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Complicated with Diabetes: A Pilot, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hu Yulei , Wang Yan , An Fengwei , Dai Nini
Published: April 2022

Objective. To study and explore the effect of double-heart nursing combined with seaweed polysaccharide on improving the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes. Methods. Eligible 214 patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital between year 2017 and 2020 were randomized at a ratio of 1 : 1 to either control group (seaweed polysaccharide) or observation group (double-heart nursing combined with seaweed polysaccharide). The self-efficacy and quality of life of the two groups of patients after treatment were compared. Results. The observation group reported a lower blood glucose level after treatment vs. the control group [(

6.28
±
4.49

/

8.24
±
2.01

) vs. (

7.74
±
4.18

/

11.41
±
3.12

)] (

p
<
0.05

); a lower incidence of lesions in the observation group versus the control group after treatment (

p
<
0.05

); and significantly lower SAS and SDS scores of the observation group vs. the control group was observed [(

41.27
±
4.08

/

43.81
±
2.93

) vs. (

62.74
±
3.48

/

61.58
±
3.85

)] (

p
<
0.05

). Regarding the self-efficacy, the observation group was superior to the control group after treatment (

p
<
0.05

). The treatment with double-heart nursing combined with seaweed polysaccharide was associated with the improvement of the quality of life with respect to social function, psychological function, and material life (each

p
<
0.05

). The observation obtained a significantly higher satisfaction rate in comparison with the control group [107 (98.13%) vs.95 (88.80%)] (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Seaweed polysaccharide and double-heart nursing might be practical in improving the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus, compared with conventional clinical treatment alone.
The Relationship of Internet Abusive Use with Academic Burnout and Academic Performance in Nursing Students
Authors: Jafari Faranak , Janatolmakan Maryam , Khubdast Safura , Azizi Seyyed Mohsen , Khatony Alireza
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim. Internet abuse use among students is a common phenomenon that can have many negative effects on their academic and social life. This study was aimed at investigating the correlation of Internet abuse use with academic performance and academic burnout in nursing students. Materials and Methods. A total of 184 nursing students were recruited by simple random sampling. Data collection tools included a demographic information form, the Internet Abusive Use Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Student Survey. Data were analyzed by the SPSS‐18 software using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results. The abusive use of the Internet in nursing students was lower than the average level. There was a positive correlation between Internet abusive use and academic burnout (r = 0.305, p < 0.001), but there was a negative correlation between Internet abusive use and academic performance (r = −0.478, p < 0.001). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that Internet abusive use could predict the variance of academic burnout and academic performance. Conclusions. Internet abusive use was correlated with increased academic burnout and decreased academic performance in nursing students. Educational interventions are required to increase students’ awareness of the consequences of Internet abusive use.
The PARP1 Inhibitor Niraparib Represses DNA Damage Repair and Synergizes with Temozolomide for Antimyeloma Effects
Authors: Shen Hong-Yuan , Tang Hai-Long , Zheng Yan-Hua , Feng Juan , Dong Bao-Xia , Chen Xie-Qun
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is necessary for single-strand break (SSB) repair by sensing DNA breaks and facilitating DNA repair through poly ADP-ribosylation of several DNA-binding and repair proteins. Inhibition of PARP1 results in collapsed DNA replication fork and double-strand breaks (DSBs). Accumulation of DSBs goes beyond the capacity of DNA repair response, ultimately resulting in cell death. This work is aimed at assessing the synergistic effects of the DNA-damaging agent temozolomide (TMZ) and the PARP inhibitor niraparib (Nira) in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Materials and Methods. MM RPMI8226 and NCI-H929 cells were administered TMZ and/or Nira for 48 hours. CCK-8 was utilized for cell viability assessment. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected flow-cytometrically. Immunofluorescence was performed for detecting γH2A.X expression. Soft-agar colony formation assay was applied to evaluate the antiproliferative effect. The amounts of related proteins were obtained by immunoblot. The combination index was calculated with the CompuSyn software. A human plasmacytoma xenograft model was established to assess the anti-MM effects in vivo. The anti-MM activities of TMZ and/or Nira were evaluated by H&E staining, IHC, and the TUNEL assay. Results. The results demonstrated that cotreatment with TMZ and Nira promoted DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic death in cultured cells but also reduced MM xenograft growth in nude mice, yielding highly synergistic effects. Immunoblot revealed that TMZ and Nira cotreatment markedly increased the expression of p-ATM, p-CHK2, RAD51, and γH2A.X, indicating the suppression of DNA damage response (DDR) and elevated DSB accumulation. Conclusion. Inhibition of PARP1 sensitizes genotoxic agents and represents an important therapeutic approach for MM. These findings provide preliminary evidence for combining PARP1 inhibitors with TMZ for MM treatment.
Spectroscopic Studies for Rhodium (III) Binding to Apo-Transferrin
Authors: Al Bratty Mohammed , Alhazmi Hassan Ahmad , Najmi Asim , Alam Md Shamsher , Shubayr Nasser , Khudishi Hussain , Javed Sadique A.
Published: April 2022

Transferrin belongs to a class of monomeric glycoproteins, which sequestrate and transport iron inside the body. Apart from iron, transferrin binds with various other metal ions and is assumed to deliver medicinally important metal ions to cells. Hence, the investigation of binding characteristics may provide crucial information for new drug developments. To study the biological impacts of medicinally important metal ions, in this work, we explored the binding behavior of Rh(III) ion with serum apo-transferrin (ApoHST) using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. In FT-IR, interaction of Rh(III) with ApoHST was studied at three concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) of metal ion at different time intervals (15, 30, and 60 min). The IR spectra of Rh(III)-ApoHST coordinates revealed a marked reduction in amide I and II band intensities with alterations in band positions. The α-helical part of protein secondary structure reduced considerably (from 53% to 49%, 42%, and 39%), followed by an increment in β-sheet and β-turn components with the increasing concentrations of metal ion. Saturation level reached at 1 mM concentration of Rh(III) ion. In the UV-Vis spectroscopic study, absorption of metal ion-protein coordinates successively raised as concentration of Rh(III) ion increased. The binding constant (K) was calculated as

1.16
×

10

4

 

M

−
1

, which showed a strong binding of the test metal ion with the protein. Upon coordination with a metal ion, the microenvironment of aromatic protein residues changed, which was detected by these spectroscopic techniques. The results revealed the existence of a significant interaction between Rh (III) ion and ApoHST. These research outcome may present new insight into the possible utilization of Rh(III) ion-based compounds in biomedicine. However, more investigations are needed to interpret the exact cellular mechanism.
Sports Target Tracking Based on Discriminant Correlation Filter and Convolutional Residual Network
Authors: Linlin Yuan , Liu Yao
Published: April 2022

During the sports tracking process, a moving target often encounters sophisticated scenarios such as fast motion and occlusion. During this period, erroneous tracking information will be generated and delivered to the next frame for updating; the information will seriously deteriorate the overall tracking model. To address the problem mentioned above, in this paper, we propose a convolution residual network model based on a discriminative correlation filter. The proposed tracking method uses discriminative correlation filters as basic convolutional layers in convolutional neural networks and then integrates feature extraction, response graph generation, and model updates into end-to-end convolutional neural networks for model training and prediction. Meanwhile, the introduction of residual learning responds to the model failure due to changes in the target appearance during the tracking process. Finally, multiple features are integrated such as HOG (histogram of oriented gradient), CN (color names), and histogram of local intensities for comprehensive feature representation, which further improve the tracking performance. We evaluate the performance of the proposed tracker on MultiSports datasets; the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed tracker performs favorably against most state-of-the-art discriminative correlation filter-based trackers, and the effectiveness of the feature extraction of the convolutional residual network is verified.
Preventing White Adipocyte Browning during Differentiation In Vitro: The Effect of Differentiation Protocols on Metabolic and Mitochondrial Phenotypes
Authors: Herbers Elena , Patrikoski Mimmi , Wagner Anita , Jokinen Riikka , Hassinen Antti , Heinonen Sini , Miettinen Susanna , Peltoniemi Hilkka , Pirinen Eija , Pietiläinen Kirsi H.
Published: April 2022

Mitochondrial dysfunction in white adipose tissue is strongly associated with obesity and its metabolic complications, which are important health challenges worldwide. Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASCs) are a promising tool to investigate the underlying mechanisms of such mitochondrial dysfunction and to subsequently provide knowledge for the development of treatments for obesity-related pathologies. A substantial obstacle in using hASCs is that the key compounds for adipogenic differentiation in vitro increase mitochondrial uncoupling, biogenesis, and activity, which are the signature features of brown adipocytes, thus altering the white adipocyte phenotype towards brown-like cells. Additionally, commonly used protocols for hASC adipogenic differentiation exhibit high variation in their composition of media, and a systematic comparison of their effect on mitochondria is missing. Here, we compared the five widely used adipogenic differentiation protocols for their effect on metabolic and mitochondrial phenotypes to identify a protocol that enables in vitro differentiation of white adipocytes and can more faithfully recapitulate the white adipocyte phenotype observed in human adipose tissue. We developed a workflow that included functional assays and morphological analysis of mitochondria and lipid droplets. We observed that triiodothyronine- or indomethacin-containing media and commercially available adipogenic media induced browning during in vitro differentiation of white adipocytes. However, the differentiation protocol containing 1 μM of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone prevented the browning effect and would be proposed for adipogenic differentiation protocol for hASCs to induce a white adipocyte phenotype. Preserving the white adipocyte phenotype in vitro is a crucial step for the study of obesity and associated metabolic diseases, adipose tissue pathologies, such as lipodystrophies, possible therapeutic compounds, and basic adipose tissue physiology.
Parallel Redundancy Protocol for Railway Wireless Data Communication Network
Authors: Wang Kaifeng , Li Hui , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2022

In order to solve the problem that the railway application services have strict requirements on the reliability, delay, and other indicators of mobile data communication, a parallel redundancy protocol for the railway wireless data communication network is proposed. By introducing a redundancy adaptation layer into the standard TCP/IP model, multi-link parallel data transmission is realized and transparent to the network layer and above. Transmitting multiple copies of the same packet through different paths makes the application systems have redundant communication capability without changing the existing data transmission mode. At the same time, according to the requirements of the receiving entity for redundant data elimination, an improved Bloom filter is proposed. By expanding the bit array and using the countdown mechanism, the elements in the data set can be dynamically inserted, deleted, and retrieved over time. Theoretical analysis and test results show that the proposed protocol can meet the requirements of data transmission between the on-board and trackside equipment and has the characteristics of simple deployment, high reliability, and high stability. Compared to using a single transmission link, the packet loss rate from field test can be reduced by 39.67% at the maximum, and the throughput and end-to-end data transmission delay are also significantly improved. The test in this paper also shows that the additional delay introduced is a maximum of 5.07 μs, which will not significantly affect the data transmission performance.
Vision Transformer and Deep Sequence Learning for Human Activity Recognition in Surveillance Videos
Authors: Hussain Altaf , Hussain Tanveer , Ullah Waseem , Baik Sung Wook
Published: April 2022

Human Activity Recognition is an active research area with several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based features extraction and classification methods employed for surveillance and other applications. However, accurate identification of HAR from a sequence of frames is a challenging task due to cluttered background, different viewpoints, low resolution, and partial occlusion. Current CNN-based techniques use large-scale computational classifiers along with convolutional operators having local receptive fields, limiting their performance to capture long-range temporal information. Therefore, in this work, we introduce a convolution-free approach for accurate HAR, which overcomes the above-mentioned problems and accurately encodes relative spatial information. In the proposed framework, the frame-level features are extracted via pretrained Vision Transformer; next, these features are passed to multilayer long short-term memory to capture the long-range dependencies of the actions in the surveillance videos. To validate the performance of the proposed framework, we carried out extensive experiments on UCF50 and HMDB51 benchmark HAR datasets and improved accuracy by 0.944% and 1.414%, respectively, when compared to state-of-the-art deep models.
Classification of Myopathy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Electromyograms Using Bat Algorithm and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Bakiya A. , Anitha A. , Sridevi T. , Kamalanand K.
Published: April 2022

Electromyograms (EMG) are a recorded galvanic action of nerves and muscles which assists in diagnosing the disorders associated with muscles and nerves. The efficient discrimination of abnormal EMG signals, myopathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, engage crucial role in automatic diagnostic assistance tools, since EMG signals are nonstationary signals. Hence, for computer-aided identification of abnormalities, extraction of features, selection of superlative feature subset, and developing an efficient classifier are indispensable. Initially, time domain and Wigner-Ville transformed time-frequency features were extracted from abnormal EMG signals for experiments. The selection of substantial characteristics from time and time-frequency features was performed using bat algorithm. Extensively, deep neural network classifier is modelled for selected feature subset using bat algorithm from extracted time and time-frequency features. The performance of deep neural network exerting selected features from bat algorithm was compared with conventional artificial neural network. Results demonstrate that the deep neural network modelled with layers 2 and 3 (

neurons
=
2

and 4) using time domain features is efficient in classifying the abnormalities of EMG signals with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 100% and also exhibited finer performance. Correspondingly, the developed conventional single layer artificial neural network (

neurons
=
7

) with time domain features has shown an accuracy of 83.3%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 71.42%. The work materializes the significance of conventional and deep neural network using time and time-frequency features in diagnosing the abnormal signals exists in neuromuscular system using efficient classification.
Toward the Nash Equilibrium Solutions for Large-Scale Pentagonal Fuzzy Continuous Static Games
Authors: Khalifa Hamiden Abd El-Wahed , Edalatpanah S. A. , Alburaikan Alhanouf
Published: April 2022

This study aims to characterize and clarify a pentagonal fuzzy continuous static game (PF-CSG) that constraints and cost functions are fuzzy numbers. Pentagonal fuzzy numbers characterize their fuzzy parameters. The

α
−

Pareto optimal solution concept has specified. The decomposition approach has applied to decompose the problem into subproblems each of them having smaller and independent subproblems. In addition, the Nash equilibrium solution concept was used to obtain the solutions of these subproblems. The advantages of this study are the players independently without collaboration with any of the others and that each player seeks to minimize the cost function. Also, the information available to each player consists of the cost function and constraints. An illustrated numerical example has discussed for proper understanding and interpretation of the proposed concept.
Protection against the Phytotoxic Effect of Mercury Chloride by Catechin and Quercetin
Authors: de Matos Yedda M. L. S. , Vasconcelos Daniel L. M. , Barreto Antonio C. H. , Rocha Janaína E. , de Araújo-Neto José B. , Campina Fábia F. , da Silva Maria Milene C. , Al Yafawi Tássia T. , Sobral-Souza Celestina E. , Pinheiro Jacqueline C. A. , Tintino Saulo R. , Sousa Amanda K. , Teixeira Raimundo N. P. , Alvarez-Pizarro Juan C. , da Silva João H. , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Kim Bonglee , Coutinho Henrique D. M.
Published: April 2022

Plants when exposed to toxic levels of metals can suffer morphological or physiological damage because toxic metals can interact with several vital molecules in the plant. One possibility to remove these contaminants from the environment is through the phytoremediation technique, since secondary metabolites produced by plants can reverse these damages. To evaluate the cytoprotective activity, the dry mass and possible damage to the membranes of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) seedlings subjected to different concentrations of mercury chloride in association with catechin and quercetin in suballelopathic concentration were determined. The coordination of mercury chloride with substances was also evaluated using vibrational spectroscopy (Raman and FTIR). The interaction of the mentioned flavonoids with mercury chloride was evidenced through vibrational spectroscopy. When the metal was associated with catechin and quercetin, there was an increase in dry mass of almost 3 times when compared with the HgCl2 alone, demonstrating that these flavonoids act as cytoprotective agents. However, in the presence of catechin and quercetin, membrane damage caused by mercury chloride has a level similar to that observed in control plants, demonstrating none statistical difference. Comparing the highest concentration with the lowest concentration of the metal associated with quercetin, it can be seen that the intensity of the peaks in this region decreases when the concentration of the metal increases, indicating an interaction between the metallic compound and the flavonoid. In this context, the use of secondary metabolites can be an alternative in the process of remediation of areas contaminated by mercury chloride, as they mitigate the effects of mercury chloride on lettuce seedlings.
The Innovation of Table Tennis Coach Post Curriculum Content under the Background of School Enterprise Deep Integration
Authors: Zhang Bo , Chen Lin
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the status and drawbacks of current table tennis curricula in higher vocational college. Literature review, questionnaire survey, and logic analysis were used to discover the discrepancy between school education and position requirements of enterprises. The results indicated that new course reformation should focus on the change of teaching concept and update of course content and evaluation methods through the guidelines characterized by professionalization, modularization, and miniaturization. This new teaching mode of course-certificate integration can favor the cooperation of faculty training in curriculum content for table tennis coach between school and enterprise, achieving a complete match among various courses and jobs. We wish this knowledge might lead to a clue toward the cultivation of applied talents for table tennis. The development of this research can not only promote the healthy development of the sports training market but also help to standardize the compensation system of the private sports training market in the field of teachers.
Explore the Mechanism of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification
Authors: Fu Lili , Wu Zhongming , Chu Yanjun , Chen Wenbin , Gao Ling , Mu Shumin , Zhao Jiajun
Published: April 2022

Objective. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge [Fabaceae] (AMB), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used to treat liver diseases in the clinic. However, the efficacy and mechanism of AMB in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the active components and mechanisms of AMB against NAFLD based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. Methods. First, the bioactive components and relevant targets of AMB were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, and NAFLD-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards database. Then, the AMB-NAFLD protein target interaction network was built by the STRING database. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. The component targets were visualized using Cytoscape software. Finally, molecular docking and experiments were used to verify the results of network pharmacological prediction. Results. Network pharmacology predicted that quercetin may be the main active component in AMB, and the TNF and MAPK signaling pathways may be the key targets of AMB against NAFLD. Molecular docking validation results demonstrated that quercetin, as the main active component of AMB, had the highest binding affinity with TNF. Furthermore, quercetin played a distinct role in alleviating NAFLD through in vitro experiments. Quercetin upregulated the phosphorylation levels of AMPK and inhibited the expression of p-MAPK and TNF-α. In addition, we further discovered that quercetin could increase ACC phosphorylation and CPT1α expression in PA-induced HepG2 cells. Conclusions. Our results indicated that quercetin, as the main active component in AMB, exerts an anti-NAFLD effect by regulating the AMPK/MAPK/TNF-α and AMPK/ACC/CPT1α signaling pathways to inhibit inflammation and alleviate lipid accumulation.
Mechanism of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Grubthobrildkr Alleviated Gastric Ulcer Induced by Acute Systemic Hypoxia in Rats
Authors: Yang Mei , Yang Zhanting , Li Yongfang , Su Shanshan , Li Zhanqiang , Lu Dianxiang
Published: April 2022

Objective. This study was aimed at investigating the potential mechanism of Grubthobrildkr (GTB) on systemic hypoxia‐induced gastric ulcers in rats and at detecting the chemical profile of GTB. Methods. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were separated into control, hypoxia, hypoxia+omeprazole, and hypoxia+GTBs (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g·kg-1·d-1) groups. Systemic hypoxia was created in a hypobaric chamber to simulate 5000 m high altitude by adjusting the inner pressure and oxygen content for 6 days. After that, the ulcer index, pH, and volume of gastric juice were assessed. The levels of endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were detected by ELISA. The expression level of hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+‐K+‐ATPase), cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX‐1), and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) was tested by western blotting. Chemical profile of GTB was revealed by UHPLC‐Q‐exactive hybrid quadrupole‐orbitrap mass (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap MS). Results. GTB decreased the ulcer index in rats under hypoxia for six days, which was related to increased pH and volume of gastric juice, enhanced MTL and PGE2 levels, and decreased ET‐1 and PLA2 levels of gastric mucosa. Furthermore, GTB decreased the level of H+‐K+‐ATPase and COX‐2 while increased COX‐1 levels in gastric mucosal tissue. 44 constituents were identified by UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap MS in GTB. Conclusion. GTB exerted a gastroprotective effect to alleviate gastric ulceration induced by acute systemic hypoxia in rats. The effect of GTB increasing the volume and pH of gastric juice in rats under acute systemic hypoxia could be regulated by gastrointestinal hormones, including MTL and ET‐1. Mechanically, gastrointestinal protection of GTB was based on inhibition of the protons pumping H+‐K+‐ATPase and regulation of prostaglandin family in rats.
Innovation and Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce in the Context of Wireless Communication and the Internet of Things
Authors: Luo Ning
Published: April 2022

At this stage, the progress of information technology is very rapid, and it is more and more closely connected with people’s lives. Under the background that the Internet of Things technology is increasingly penetrated into all fields of social life, the extension of information and communication connection objects has achieved a high degree of expansion. In theory, almost anything can be connected via preconfigured sensors. Wireless Internet of Things is about to trigger a new wave of information technology innovation. As one of the fastest growing industries in the Internet era, in the era of change led by new technologies such as wireless communications and the Internet of Things, cross-border e-commerce is also facing huge development opportunities and challenges. Therefore, studying the innovative development of cross-border e-commerce in the context of wireless communication and the Internet of Things is of great significance for improving the service level of the latter and promoting technological upgrading. In order to ensure the smooth development of the research work, the team carried out a lot of data collection work. In this paper, the questionnaire survey method is chosen as the basis for constructing the model.Under the background of the development of wireless communication and the Internet of Things, the changes that cross-border e-commerce will encounter in the process of survival and development, and how will these changes bring those far-reaching impacts. Then, it conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of the development of wireless communications and the Internet of Things on cross-border e-commerce and puts forward pertinent opinions on the development direction of foreign industries. After research and demonstration, it is found that the progress of wireless communication and Internet of Things technology has a very good role in promoting the healthy development of cross-border e-commerce. E-commerce companies that actively adapt to the development of wireless communication and the Internet of Things have greater advantages in horizontal comparison, whether it is daily sales, product turnover rate, or work efficiency.
Intelligent Psychology Teaching System Based on Adaptive Neural Network
Authors: Pang Xiaojia
Published: April 2022

In order to study the intelligent psychology system, this paper proposes the role of adaptive neural network based on it and uses the ICAP learning method to compare with it. Firstly, the basic structure of the neural network in the teaching system is introduced, the psychological teaching algorithm based on the adaptive neural network is introduced, the ideas are formulated, and the four learning methods and the design elements of the adaptive neural network are described. The corresponding relationship between the four learning methods and the adaptive neural network is explained. The most popular and advanced adaptive neural network module usage statistics are made. The network model on the right is more advanced than the left, and the classification accuracy is higher. The interactive learning elements used by the network model from left to right gradually increase, and the performances of the network model are gradually enhanced. Among them, the number of interactive learning elements inception modules used by the network models GoogLeNet, Inception-v2, Inception-v4, and Inception-ResNet-v2 are 9, 10, 14, and 20, respectively. Inception-v4 also employs 2 interactive learning element reduction modules. Inception-ResNet-v2 uses 2 interactive learning element reduction modules and 20 residual modules. The ICAP classification method is experimentally studied. The design of the experiment adopts passive method (P), active method (A), constructive method (C), and interactive method (I), respectively, to learn a short text in materials science. By analyzing the learning effect and comparing the data before and after the test, it can be concluded that the learning performance of the four learning methods gradually increased by 8%-10%, and the learning effect increased significantly. With the gradual increase of educational psychological learning elements in the adaptive neural network, the network learning level is continuously improved, and the classification accuracy is gradually improved.
Research on Combined Frequency Regulation Control Method of Wind Storage with Storage System Optimized Intervals Considered
Authors: Ma Yulu , Yu Peng
Published: April 2022

To solve the insufficient frequency regulation capacity and inertia of the power system caused by the increase of grid-connected wind capacity, a combined wind-storage frequency regulation control strategy considering the optimized intervals of the energy storage system is proposed. This article selects the joint frequency regulation of wind turbine overspeed control and energy storage virtual synchronous control, and virtual synchronous control is used as the upper-level control of the entire wind-storage system. In the process of frequency modulation, the output power of wind turbine and energy storage is reasonably distributed through the upper control. On this basis, to ensure the long-term and stable operation of energy storage, the state of charge (SOC) partition principle of energy storage is set up, which is divided into different areas according to the size of the SOC, and the output of the energy storage device is adjusted according to the divided regions. The results of simulation analysis and verification show that the proposed strategy provides additional frequency regulation capacity and inertia during the frequency variation and greatly improves the frequency stability. Besides, the SOC zoning principle ensures the stable operation of the energy storage.
MR Image Classification for Brain Tumor Texture Based on Pseudo-Label Learning and Optimized Feature Extraction
Authors: Xu Qianqian , Xu Huachang , Liu Jie , Zhou Mingxia , Li Min , Xu Jinhui , Zhu Hong
Published: April 2022

Brain tumors are the deadliest and most difficult to treat of all forms of cancer. Preoperative classification of brain tumors is conducive to the development of corresponding treatment plan. Take pituitary tumors as an example. Precisely judging the image data of pituitary tumor texture before surgery can provide a basis for the selection of surgical plan and prognosis. However, the existing methods require manual intervention, and the efficiency and accuracy are not high. In this paper, we proposed an automatic brain tumor texture diagnosis method for uneven sequence image data. First, for the small sample of pituitary tumor MRI image data, the T1 and T2 sequence data are uneven or missing; we used the CycleGAN model to perform data conversion between different domains to obtain a completely sampled MRI spatial sequence. Then, we used texture analysis+pseudo-label learning to label pituitary tumor data of some unknown labels. After that, we used the improved U-Net model based on CBAM to optimize feature extraction for pituitary tumor image data. Finally, we used the CRNN model to classify the degree of pituitary tumor texture based on the advantages of sequence data. The entire process only needs to provide labels for the entire sequence data, and the efficiency is greatly improved, with an accuracy rate of 94.23%.