bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Magnetic Protection of the Atmosphere of Proxima Centauri b
Authors: Garcia-Sage K. , Glocer A. , Drake J. J. , Gronoff G. , Cohen O.
Published: July 2017

The discovery of exoplanets orbiting red dwarfs, such as Proxima Centauri b, has led to questions of their habitability and capacity to retain liquid surface water. While Proxima b is in a “temperate orbit,” i.e., an Earth at that location would not freeze or boil its oceans, its proximity to a parent star with quite high magnetic activity is likely to influence its atmospheric evolution and habitability. Planetary magnetic fields can prevent direct stripping away of the planetary atmosphere by the stellar wind, but ion escape can still occur at the magnetic poles. This process, the polar wind, is well known to occur at Earth and may have contributed to the habitability of Earth’s early atmosphere. The polar wind is highly variable and sensitive to both ionizing radiation and geomagnetic activity. The higher ionizing radiation levels of M dwarfs at habitable zone distances are expected to increase the polar wind by orders of magnitude and, instead of helping create a habitable atmosphere, may strip away enough volatiles to render the planet inhospitable. Here, we compute the ionospheric outflow of an Earth-twin subject to the enhanced stellar EUV flux of Proxima b, and the effect on atmospheric escape timescales. We show that an Earth-like planet would not survive the escape of its atmosphere at that location, and therefore the pathway to habitability for Proxima b requires a very different atmospheric history than that of Earth.
Dos fragmentos en arameo cristiano-palestinense del libro del Génesis procedentes de la Mezquita de los Omeyas de Damasco
Authors: Monferrer-Sala Juan Pedro
Published: July 2017

En este artículo analizamos dos fragmentos que contienen los textos de Gn 19,1-5 y Gn 19,7-10. Se trata de dos traducciones realizadas en dialecto arameo cristiano palestinense a partir de un texto griego perteneciente a la versión de la Septuaginta. Sin embargo, como tratamos de demostrar los traductores de estas versiones hubieron de utilizar más textos junto con su Vorlage griega con los que revisaron la traducción destinada a la población del medio rural entre los que desarrollaban su labor pastoral los monjes que utilizaron esta versión.
Las Extractiones de Talmud y su relación con las manuscritos hebreos del Talmud de la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale de Florencia ( Ms Magl. Coll. II.I.7, 8 y 9)
Authors: Cecini Ulisse
Published: July 2017

Los manuscritos talmúdicos Magl. coll. II.I.8 y 9 de la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale de Florencia contienen traducciones latinas marginales del Talmud que corresponden a la traducción del siglo XIII conocida como Extractiones de Talmud. En este trabajo se describen los dos manuscritos y su evidencia textual es comparada tanto con la tradición manuscrita de las Extractiones como con el texto talmúdico hebreo/arameo que contienen, tratando de responder la pregunta de si los manuscritos de Florencia constituyen, o no, la Vorlage de la traducción latina del Talmud. La cuestión se presenta compleja: las sorprendentes analogías parecen sugerir una respuesta afirmativa a la pregunta en cuestión; sin embargo, también pueden encontrarse evidencias que apoyan una conclusión contraria. Aun así, los manuscritos florentinos ciertamente pertenecen a una tradición hebreo-aramea que está muy cercana a la Vorlage de las Extractiones. Además, el texto latino que ofrecen en sus márgenes refleja un estadio de trabajo anterior en la producción de las Extractiones, conteniendo variantes y pasajes únicos que se corrigen u omiten en el resto de la tradición latina manuscrita.
Nota sobre la procedencia de los manuscritos hebreos del monasterio de San Martín de Madrid
Authors: Varela-Orol Concha
Published: July 2017

Se presenta la edición de un texto inédito de Martín Sarmiento que permite conocer la procedencia de los manuscritos hebreos de la Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Martín de Madrid, en parte hoy en la Biblioteca Nacional de España.
Mobile Road Traffic Management System Using Weighted Sensor
Authors: Akinboro Solomon Adegbenro , Adeyiga Johnson A , Omotosho Adebayo , Akinwumi Akinwale O
Published: July 2017

Vehicular traffic is continuously increasing around the world, especially in urban areas, and the resulting congestion has become a major concern to automobile users. The popular static electric traffic light controlling system can no longer sufficiently manage the traffic volume in large cities where real time traffic control is paramount to deciding best route. The proposed mobile traffic management system provides users with traffic information on congested roads using weighted sensors. A prototype of the system was implemented using Java SE Development Kit 8 and Google map. The model was simulated and the performance was assessed using response time, delay and throughput. Results showed that, mobile devices are capable of assisting road users’ in faster decision making by providing real-time traffic information and recommending alternative routes.
The Effect of Privacy Concerns on Smartphone App Purchase in Malaysia: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Belkhamza Zakariya , Niasin Mohd. Adzwin Faris
Published: July 2017

The rise of m-commerce has brought the intention to the privacy concerns among mobile users, and studies showed that it is an important factor that affects attitude and intention to purchase smartphone apps. The objective of this paper is to investigate the issue of privacy concerns on the attitude and purchasing intention among Malaysian smartphone users. This paper employed the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to investigate the role of privacy concerns in influencing the decision making process. The paper provides significant insights on the issue of privacy concerns in the usage of smartphones which can help developers such as Google and Apple to improve their apps stores to provide better protection for users’ privacy and security in Malaysia.
Sustainability, Social Impact, Learning and Training Innovation in Online Experimentation
Authors: Bochicchio Mario A. , Vaira Lucia
Published: July 2017

Experimentation is an essential ingredient in any learning strategy about Sciences and Technologies (SciTech in the following). That is why the research on online experimentation is paramount to help confront the skill shortage in SciTech disciplines, by stimulating the development of more effective online learning and training approaches. Nonetheless, in this sector "functional" aspects are often overrated by researchers and no specific attention is paid to the sustainability of their proposals or to the possibility to analyze and improve the achieved social impact. A better integration among these aspects is then essential to move online experimentation research out of its infancy, to improve its perceived value and to increase its diffusion.
Technology and Innovation in Agriculture: The Azores Case Study
Authors: Silva E. L.D.G.S. , Oliveira C. M.M. , Mendes A. B. , Guerra H. M.G.F.O.
Published: July 2017

A growing population world might exceed its food supply in the future. Food availability needs an increasing agricultural productivity and production through technology and innovation. European concerns about innovation policies reflected on the Lisbon Agenda include the European program PROPRURAL+ for the Portuguese Azores Islands. The agricultural innovation in the Azores started with the Green Revolution, which increased agricultural production, using seeds, fertilizers, chemical products and agricultural equipment. But much more innovation is needed for the Azores to became a well-sustained and competitive European region in this economic sector. For example, concerning milk, the region is responsible for more than 30% of the national production. But, since the liberalization in EU imposed by the global markets, a crisis in the sector is installed. Dairy producers are now facing many difficulties in trying to enhance the profitability of their farms, by reducing costs and improving efficiency. A characterization of the Azorean agriculture, emphasizing the milk production sector is presented. The specificities and the potential of the region are discussed and some agricultural innovations with IoT technologies are pointed out.
Non-Prescription Medicine Mobile Healthcare Application: Smartphone-Based Software Design and Development Review
Authors: Thinnukool Orawit , Khuwuthyakorn Pattaraporn , Wientong Purida
Published: July 2017

The challenge of this research is to answer the question of what the real need of users regarding the development of a smartphone-based software for healthcare application. This study aimed to develop the non-prescription drugs mobile health application (NMMHA) to support users in the initial medication. The application has been released to evaluate tested its usability and acceptance. To ensure the NMMHA is going to perform well, a survey has been conducted to collect data about the opinions of two groups of responders (pharmacists and general people). An attitude test and statistical analysis have also been accomplished for both groups to determine the differentiation between the two groups. The impressive results indicate that the group of general peoples tend to use the application more than the group of pharmacists, whereas the overall attitude test results of the two groups are not different. 
Special Focus: The Use of Emerging Technologies on the Internet of Everything
Authors: Cardoso Alberto , Restivo Maria Teresa , Guerra Hélia , Palma Luís Brito
Published: July 2017

The Internet of Everything is an interdisciplinary concept that involves technology, applications and people in a framework where emerging technologies can give a relevant contribute in education and in different application areas, namely in the scope of the interactive mobile technologies. This Special Issue collects a set of contributions to this topic resulting from the works presented in the Experiment@ International Workshop 2016 “The Emerging Technologies on the Internet of Everything” – ETIoE’16, held at University of the Azores (Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal). These articles comprise different perspectives in this field from research work and application development to case studies.
An Efficient and Effective Approach to Developing Engineering E-Training Courses
Authors: Tseng Judy C.R. , Tsai Wen-Ling , Hwang Gwo-Jen , Wu Po-Han
Published: July 2017

In developing traditional learning materials, quality is the key issue to be considered. However, for high technical e-training courses, not only the quality of the learning materials but also the efficiency of developing the courses needs to be taken into consideration. It is a challenging issue for experienced engineers to develop up-to-date e-training courses for inexperienced engineers before further new technologies are proposed. To cope with these problems, a concept relationship-oriented approach is proposed in this paper. A system for developing e-training courses has been implemented based on the novel approach. Experimental results showed that the novel approach can significantly shorten the time needed for developing e-training courses, such that engineers can receive up-to-date technologies in time.
Organizational Knowledge Sharing in ERP Implementation
Authors: Jones Mary C. , Price R. Leon
Published: July 2017

This study examines organizational knowledge sharing in enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation. Knowledge sharing in ERP implementation is somewhat unique because ERP requires end users to have more divergent knowledge than is required in the use of traditional systems. Because of the length of time and commitment that ERP implementation requires, end users are also often more involved in ERP implementations than they are in more traditional ERP implementations. They must understand how their tasks fit into the overall process, and they must understand how their process fits with other organizational processes. Knowledge sharing among organizational members is one critical piece of ERP implementation, yet it is challenging to achieve. There is often a large gap in knowledge among ERP implementation personnel, and people do not easily share what they know. This study presents findings about organizational knowledge sharing during ERP implementation in three firms. Data were collected through interviews using a multi-site case study methodology. Findings are analyzed in an effort to provide a basis on which practitioners can more effectively facilitate knowledge sharing during ERP implementation.
Contractual Obligations between Mobile Service Providers and Users
Authors: Willis Robert , Serenko Alexander , Turel Ofir
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the effect of contractual obligations between users and providers of mobile services on customer loyalty. One of the unique characteristics of mobile commerce that distinguishes it from most other goods and services is the employment of long-term contractual obligations that users have to accept to utilize the service. In terms of over-the-counter products, sold in one-time individual transactions in wellestablished markets, a strong body of knowledge exists that suggests that businesses may enhance loyalty through the improvement of quality and customer satisfaction levels. With respect to mobile commerce, however, this viewpoint may not necessarily hold true given the contractual nature of business-customer relationships.
A Critical Review of Online Consumer Behavior
Authors: Cheung Christy M.K. , Chan Gloria W.W. , Limayem Moez
Published: July 2017

Empirical research on online consumer theory has been examined under diverse contexts over the years. Although researchers from a variety of business disciplines have made significant progress over the past few years, the scope of these studies is rather broad, the studies appear relatively fragmented and no unifying theoretical framework is found in this area. In view of this, this study attempts to provide an exhaustive review of prior theoretical literature and to provide an integrative model of online consumer behavior. This framework not only provides us with a cohesive view of online consumer behavior, but also serves as a salient guideline for researchers in this area. The paper is concluded with a research agenda for future studies.
Classifying Web Users
Authors: Lee Wei-Na , Choi Sejung Marina
Published: July 2017

In today’s global environment, a myriad of communication mechanisms enable cultures around the world to interact with one another and form complex interrelationships. The goal of this chapter is to illustrate an individual-based approach to understanding cultural similarities and differences in the borderless world. Within the context of Web communication, a typology of individual cultural value orientations is proposed. This conceptualization emphasizes the need for making distinctions first at the individual level, before group-level comparisons are meaningful, in order to grasp the complexity of today’s global culture. The empirical study reported here further demonstrates the usefulness of this approach by successfully identifying 16 groups among American Web users as postulated in the proposed typology. Future research should follow the implications provided in this chapter in order to broaden our thinking about the role of culture in a world of global communication.
Software Use Through Monadic and Dyadic Procedure
Authors: Truman Gregory E.
Published: July 2017

Our research objectives are to provide a theoretical discussion on how software may impact user performance in ways contrary to designers’ intentions and users’ desires, and to empirically evaluate user performance impacts that derive from ostensibly performance-enhancing software features. We propose that dyadic procedure is associated with higher levels of user performance when compared to monadic procedure. Using word-processing software utilization as the research context, we test the proposition on data from 46 participants. Contrary to expectations, the results suggest that dyadic procedure may decrease the accuracy of users’ work. We conclude that software design features that are intended to improve user performance may have opposite effects, which raise questions about these features’ utility and desirability.
Concoction of Ambient Intelligence and Big Data for Better Patient Ministration Services
Authors: Jain Arushi , Bhatnagar Vishal
Published: July 2017

The term Ambient Intelligence (AmI) encompasses other technologies such as ubiquitous communication, pervasive computing and ubiquitous computing. Hospitals can improve their working by monitoring the health of the patients and performing automatic analysis of various and health parameters inside the room. Security mechanisms can also be enhanced by only allowing authorized hospital staff and attendants in the ward. With the advent of Ambient Intelligence and the congenial political environment, the focus is now shifting to providing better healthcare at homes than at traditional medical centers. In this paper, we implemented an algorithm in which we consider a specific room of a hospital as the environment, with a patient monitored for health and security reasons. If anything is not allowed for the particular patient or there are some unwanted variations in the health parameters of the patient, the alarm was rang and the patient's assistants were notified.
Why Do People Resist Patient Portal Systems?
Authors: Samhan Bahae
Published: July 2017

The implementation of patient portal systems (PPS) has potential benefits to both healthcare providers and their patients. However, evidence shows that PPS are being resisted by patients. Little research in IS has addressed this phenomenon. To understand PPS resistance, this study uses the dual factor model of IT usage to develop an integration of the user resistance model (URM) with the universal theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). Survey data were used to test the integrative model. A total of 265 responses were gathered from patients at a large international hospital. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (EQM). The results revealed resistance to change as an inhibitor to intentions to use the PPS. This study demonstrated the importance of integrating resistance to change with the technology use research, especially in healthcare settings. Moreover, this study is considered to be among the few studies in IS to incorporate patients' perspectives regarding new healthcare technology.
An Assessment of the Impact of a Collaborative Didactic Approach and Students' Background in Teaching Computer Animation
Authors: Sanna Andrea , Valpreda Fabrizio
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare different students' backgrounds and two different didactic methodologies to profitably teach computer animation in Italian schools of design and engineering. Teachers and instructors have long been engaged in discussions to define effective curricula for teaching computer animation. Various multidisciplinary and collaborative methodologies have been proposed. This manuscript assesses both the impact of a collaborative teaching approach and the curriculum. Two equivalent learning paths are compared; both of them encompass courses of photography, storytelling and computer animation and require prerequisites in 3D modeling and rendering. The learning path of the “Systemic Design” degree is taught by the collaborative Open Space Technology (OST) approach, whereas the path of “Cinema and Media Engineering” is taught more conventionally (independent courses). The results clearly show how effective teaching methodologies cannot completely compensate for a nontechnical background; on the other hand, as expected, students appreciate and can take advantage of collaborative forms of teaching.
Cultural Conceptions of Flipped Learning
Authors: Skelcher Shannon
Published: July 2017

The use of flipped learning as a pedagogical approach has increased in the 21st century. While there is an existing survey of literature regarding the development in American educational institutions – and fewer in an Asian context – there are some unique cultural considerations that may need to be examined regarding flipped learning's adoption and adaptation in Asia. This paper serves as a literature review focusing on several Asian nations with respect to three major considerations in comparison to the United States: geographical, educational, and cultural. After the comprehensive review, which comments on the number of relevant publications available per nation, this paper concludes that there is no significant barrier to the implementation of flipped learning in Asia beyond the existing considerations apparent in the United States (access, time, and institutional support). Additionally, the prevalence of flipped learning in Asia, and the purposes of various studies surveyed, indicate that cultural barriers, at least in this area, are becoming less notable or authoritative as national or historical distinctions are diminishing through Millennials' tendencies toward globalization.
Identifying Key Stakeholders in Blended Tertiary Environments
Authors: Tuapawa Kimberley
Published: July 2017

Although key stakeholders in blended tertiary environments (BTEs)fulfil an extraordinary role in higher education, significant gaps in knowledge about their identities may be impeding the provision of stakeholder support, limiting their ability to promote effective learning and teaching. As online growth intensifies, it is critical that tertiary education institutes (TEIs) address these gaps in knowledge by developing their understandings of key stakeholder identities. This paper re-evaluates the identity of key stakeholders in BTEs, and describes their contributions. Through qualitatively designed semi-structured interviews with 13 blended learning experts from New Zealand, Australia and Canada, and a 5-step analysis of data, it verified and proposed a current list of key stakeholders in BTEs. This included teachers, senior management staff, students, technical support staff, educational support staff, the institute, other support staff, government bodies, technology infrastructure providers, communities, and the public. Some were considered to be among those who contributed most significantly to BTE success. As learning spaces evolve and technology usage accelerates, the outcomes from this research will provide a basis from which TEIs can develop new understandings about their key stakeholders, to help them deliver informed, relevant, and meaningful support.
Factors Affecting Internet Advertising Adoption in Ad Agencies
Authors: Abtahi Masumeh Sadat , Behboudi Leila , Hasanabad Hamideh Mokhtari
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting adoption of Internet advertising in advertising agencies. The paper provides preliminary insights into why ad agencies are reluctant to recommend Internet advertising to their clients. A theoretical framework was developed by scrutinizing the body of literature. The gathered date was verified by 294 academic and practical experts in the field of marketing and advertising. In pursuing this goal, a questionnaire was designed to validate factors affecting the adoption of Internet advertising. Results indicate that 18 variables in the form of three key factors, namely “technical knowledge of account manager,” “e-commerce readiness of country” and “agencies' ability of Internet adoption” affect adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. It was found that e-commerce readiness of a country is the critical factor in adopting internet advertising in ad agencies. This is the first study which addresses the adoption of Internet advertising in ad agencies. This study reports that while government does not provide infrastructure required for the advancement of e-commerce (readiness), the ad agencies still will recommend previous ad channels to their clients.
Interactive Agencies and Digitalization Readiness
Authors: Behboudi Leila
Published: July 2017

This study presents primarily factors affecting interactive agencies in Iran. There is a kind of unwillingness among Iranian ad agencies to execute online ad campaign in compare to the global trend and the advantage of use of online ad makes it imperative to find the key factors affecting interactive agencies behavior. Accordingly, the body of literature was analyzed and eight critical factors including “Management participation,” “Organizational culture,” “Size of the organization,” “The level of organization technology,” “Communication infrastructure,” “Financial infrastructure,” “Technology infrastructure” and “Electronic readiness,” were extracted. The expert questionnaire was designed to validate the gathered factors. By analyzing 294 questionnaires, the type of management was found as key factor in adopting online ad campaign execution.
Detection of Drive-by Download Attacks Using Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Aldwairi Monther , Hasan Musaab , Balbahaith Zayed
Published: July 2017

Drive-by download refers to attacks that automatically download malwares to user's computer without his knowledge or consent. This type of attack is accomplished by exploiting web browsers and plugins vulnerabilities. The damage may include data leakage leading to financial loss. Traditional antivirus and intrusion detection systems are not efficient against such attacks. Researchers proposed plenty of detection approaches mostly passive blacklisting. However, a few proposed dynamic classification techniques, which suffer from clear shortcomings. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to detect drive-by download infected web pages based on extracted features from their source code. We test 23 different machine learning classifiers using data set of 5435 webpages and based on the detection accuracy we selected the top five to build our detection model. The approach is expected to serve as a base for implementing and developing anti drive-by download programs. We develop a graphical user interface program to allow the end user to examine the URL before visiting the website. The Bagged Trees classifier exhibited the highest accuracy of 90.1% and reported 96.24% true positive and 26.07% false positive rate.
Performance Evaluation of Web Server's Request Queue against AL-DDoS Attacks in NS-2
Authors: Kumar Manish , Bhandari Abhinav
Published: July 2017

As the world is getting increasingly dependent on the Internet, the availability of web services has been a key concern for various organizations. Application Layer DDoS (AL-DDoS) attacks may hamper the availability of web services to the legitimate users by flooding the request queue of the web server. Hence, it is pertinent to focus fundamentally on studying the queue scheduling policies of web server against the HTTP request flooding attack which has been the base of this research work. In this paper, the various types of AL-DDoS attacks launched by exploiting the HTTP protocol have been reviewed. The key aim is to compare the requests queue scheduling policies of web server against HTTP request flooding attack using NS2 simulator. Various simulation scenarios have been presented for comparison, and it has been established that queue scheduling policy can be a significant role player in tolerating the AL-DDoS attacks.
Overcoming the Quality Gap and Ethics in M-Health
Authors: Bellina Livia , Nucatola Ilenia
Published: July 2017

Image transmission systems and remote monitoring were born with the mission of bringing aid and permit the access to quality diagnosis in rural isolated areas, where people are excluded from the “global network”. Still, in rural setting, a strong obstacle is represented by the lack of education. The tool that has quickly become omnipresent even in the most hard-to-reach places is the mobile phone and more specifically the smartphone. Microscopes, ultrasound, and other point-of-care devices can utilize a smartphone for processing power or become components that can directly function with a smartphone. The main goal, since the beginning of m-health, is to provide education and health care to all in the most remote places, and to use each innovation to improve the lives. In a global way.
M-Health Telemedicine and Telepresence in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Witzke Katharina , Specht Olaf
Published: July 2017

MHealth (Mobile Health) is an innovative prehospital healthcare concept in emergency medicine. This technology offers the transfer of medical knowledge using mobile devices such as smart phone applications or real-time communication methods. Surgically active dentists in structurally weak areas can be confronted in case of an emergency to situations, that require the guidance of a remote experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon or an emergency doctor to treat potentially life-threatening conditions as early as possible. Thus, an interconnection of competence centres using real-time video communication is an appropriate technology. In the literature, various studies have been conducted to prove the huge potential of MHealth. The aim of this manuscript is to present a comprehensive MHealth concept for oral and maxillofacial surgery as well as for dentistry in the context of emergencies, something that is so far missing from the literature. The developed framework for using MHealth in oral and maxillofacial surgery opens up a new perspective of patient-centered care.
Counterobe
Authors: Koumpouros Yiannis
Published: July 2017

The paper presents the design of an adaptive web/mobile platform, called Counterobe, targeting the problem of obesity and weight management. The platform incorporates several behavioral, emotional and cognitive strategy features in order to motivate and mobilize the end users more effectively, while trying to overcome the problem of engagement in the long run. The interventions implemented promote: self-monitoring, problem solving, socializing, information retrieval, social support, self-efficacy. The platform follows a responsive approach that allows the provision of valid and accurate information based on the individualities of each end user. To support the maintaining of exercise and healthy life style and behavior regime over longer periods of time Counterobe application: (i) builds a network between specialists/experts (doctors, dieticians, psychologists), patients and their friend/net-friends, (ii) utilizes an Avatar which changes appropriately as user progresses, (iii) use a multi-disciplinary approach to support the end users in a tailor-made way.
Design and Development of Remote Virtual Maintenance Training System
Authors: Hao Wang , Hao Li Na , Wang Jin Ming , Yu Zhi Ming , Tian Zhi Xing
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a remote equipment virtual maintenance training system architecture. The system function modules are designed. We use the open source software to develop the environment to build a complete system which based on ThinkPHP and MVC framework. Multisim circuit simulation software is nested for circuit board components positioning and fault diagnosis. The system can be used for fault diagnostics in electrical system and it can also be used to train maintenance staff.
Fabrication of Functional Gradient Materials Electrode and its Application in Micro-EDM
Authors: Li Xiao Peng , Wang Yuan Gang , Zhao Fu Ling , Wu Meng Hua
Published: July 2017

The concept and the primary preparation method of functional gradient materials are described in this paper. Functional gradient material is prepared as a tool electrode by electrochemical method and its performance is further tested in the micro electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) experiments. Compared with the homogeneous material electrode, the functional gradient material electrode can effectively inhibit the wearing of the tool electrode and improve the distribution trend of current density during the micro-EDM process. The results disclose the prospects for functional gradient material to be used as tool electrode in the micro-EDM process.
Experimental Evaluation of Cutting Quality of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer with Pulsed Laser
Authors: Yang Li Jun , Cheng Xiao Liang , Wang Gen Wang , Xue Qing Ming , Ding Ye , Wang Yang
Published: July 2017

To investigate the cutting quality of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) with pulsed laser, experiments of high modulus CFRP were carried out using a Nd: YAG pulsed laser with wavelength of 1064nm. Experiments with five factors and five levels were designed to apply the response surface methodologies (RSM). The influence rule of processing parameters consisting scanning speed, pulse frequency, pulse energy, pulse duration and gas pressure on the morphology of machining region including the kerf width, kerf taper and the width of heat affected zone were studied, and the interactions of these input parameters on cutting qualities were also analyzed. Parameters optimization were conducted based on the mathematical model using the optimization software Design Expert. Verification experiments were carried out to prove the adequacy of the optimization results. The infrared laser with pulsed mode was found to be an effective method in processing high modulus CFRP.
Analysis on High-Speed Spindle Online Dynamic Balancing Regulation Characteristics
Authors: Wang Zhan , Zhu Feng Long
Published: July 2017

In order to solve the spindle vibration problem which is mainly caused by the mass unbalance, the single-plane influence coefficient balancing technique was applied into the experimental study. The unbalance elimination could be done through correction weight through before adding trial weight. The coefficient magnitude, the balance weight magnitude and other parameters could be available by extracting vibration signals and measuring vibration phases. The dynamic balance effect comparison has been done under different working rotations. Results indicate that the spindle mechanical vibration decreased by 87.04%, the balancing precision also improved a lot. Such achievements would surly hold an important meaning in reducing noise, improving the equipment service life and ensuring the safely working machine.The method provides regulation strategies for the online dynamic balancing control technique.
Key words:single-plane influence coefficient balancing technique; regulation strategy; mechanical vibration
Improve the Performance of Micro Heat Pipe by Surface Modification
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Si Di , Yu Zi Cheng , Wang Xiao Dong
Published: July 2017

The appearance of high power LED has put forward higher requirements for thermal management. The micro heat pipe (MHP) has high heat transfer ability and plays an important role in high power LED and other high heat flux device cooling. In this paper, we designed and fabricated a micro heat pipe with fluoroalkyl silane (FAS) surface modified glass cover. The contact angle of the working area of glass cover reached 95.49° and made working fluid drops fall back to micro groove of silicon substrate more quickly. Thus the new glass cover can speed up the circulation of working fluid and enhance the heat transfer. The experimental results also proved that hydrophobic glass cover has a better heat transfer capability. Besides, this novel MHP reached the stable working status faster. When the input heat power was 10 W, the balance temperature of MHP with hydrophobic glass cover was 22 oC lower than traditional MHP, while the balance time is 58 seconds less. The work presented in this paper provides a new direction for optimize the MHP, not only the wick structure in substrate, but also the wettability of cover plate.
Analysis and Optimum Structure of Deformation Coordination of Crankshaft-Bearing System
Authors: You Xiao Mei , Shi Xiao Tian , Ma Xing Guo , Chai Guo Ying , Yang Gui Chun
Published: July 2017

Aiming at realizing the coordination deformation of crankshaft-bearing system for engine, the equation of coordination deformation for crankshaft-bearing system was derived based on the theory of elasticity. According to the hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the mathematical model was established to analyze the bearing characteristics; the displacement of each bearing in the vertical direction was calculated by combined solution of the two parts above. The sum of squared differences of displacements was evaluated as evaluation standard of coordination deformation for crankshaft-bearing system. Then bearing clearances were chosen as optimized variables of crankshaft coordination deformation for the optimization. The crankshaft-bearing system of one type of engine was optimized for the coordination deformation. The results indicate that the optimization scheme of crankshaft-bearing system can make a significant improvement to coordination deformation and provide reference for the design of the engine.
Effects of Imidization Process on the Electric Breakdown Strength of Polyimide Thin Film
Authors: Liang Jun Sheng , Fang Xu , Yang Jin He , Ren Tong Qun , Wang Da Zhi
Published: July 2017

The electric breakdown voltage (Vbd) is a fundamental performance index for insulation thin film in MEMS, and plays a dominant role for the operation reliability of this kind of devices. In this work, positive polyimide (PI) photoresist was used to prepare thin films by spin-coating and thermal imidization. Electric breakdown experiments were carried out under DC voltage mode. The effect of imidization temperature on Vbd was also studied by setting three different imidization temperature profiles. XRD was applied to test the composition and microstructure of the PI thin films. Results show that the imidization degree of the PI thin film will be increased with the raising of the imidization temperature from 280 to 350°C. This means that a more completed imidization process can be achieved in the PI thin film by using higher imidization temperature. The highest Vbd of about 2740V and an average Vbd of 343kV/mm can be achieved on a 8.5μm thick PI thin film imidized at 350°C.
Non-Stationary Signal Purification and Rotor Axis Orbit Feature Extraction under Machine Tool Spindle Cutting Process
Authors: Hu Zheng Bang , Yun Xia Lun , Jiang Ge Dong , Chen Chang Jianig , Mei Xue Song
Published: July 2017

Rotor axis orbit measurement of the spindle under cutting process is the important basis of cutting quality judgment and spindle fault diagnosis. In the cutting process, the non-stationary characteristics of vibration measurement signal of spindle rotor has been particularly outstanding, under such circumstances it is difficult to draw spindle rotor axis orbit accurately. To solve this problem, a new method using EEMD (Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition) and harmonic wavelet is put forward to realize non-stationary signal purification and rotor axis orbit feature extraction under machine tool spindle cutting process. In order to filter out the high frequency noise of the measurement, the EEMD method has been used, in addition that the characteristics of the original signal is preserved well. However the signal after EEMD filter still contains a variety of frequency components, in order to solve it, the harmonic wavelet method is used to decompose the signal into several signals according to the different frequency components, through the signal reconstruction achieve rotor axis orbit feature extraction. Using this method, the machined workpiece has been cut under the speed of 12000r/min, the vibration of spindle has been measured and processed. The experiment results show that the new method can effectively reduce the high frequency interference noise signal, and also apparently the rotor axis orbit obtained is more clearly than the original rotor axis orbit.
Microdroplet Detection of Precision Dispensing for Miniature Parts Assembly Technology
Authors: Zhang Qing Qing , Wang Xiao Dong , Xu Zheng , Zhu Ping
Published: July 2017

Microdroplet detection is the key for precision dispensing technology, which is widely applied in precise assembly of miniature parts, microelectronics packaging and biological tests. In order to measure droplet in micro scale for different working conditions, In this paper, an on-demand detection method--which is composed of statistical weighing detection to measure batch dispensing quality for large-scale production, real-time visual detection to measure droplet area and position accuracy for flexible production as well as pressing-plate method to measure nanoliter volume for single microdroplet detection--is presented. An automatic dispensing system to generate microdroplets is developed and the procedure of online detection based on machine vision of this dispensing system is introduced. Experimental results show that dispensing standard deviations measured by on-demand detection are 2.5 µg, 2.8 nl and 0.013 mm2 for weighing method, real-time detection and pressing-plate method, respectively. The results also prove that the pressing-plate method can measure single micro droplet of 10 nl.
Influence of Parallel and Trapezoidal Wick Structures to the Heat Transfer Capability of MHPs
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Zhi Xin , Yu Zi Cheng , Wang Xiao Dong
Published: July 2017

Heat transfer capability of micro heat pipe (MHP) is relied on the thermal resistance of material, the specific phase change latent heat of working fluid, and the pattern of micro structures which is served as wick. In this paper, parallel and trapezoidal micro Cu structures were designed and fabricated by UV-LIGA. The capillary pressure and the effective coefficient of heat transfer conductivity of the micro grooves were calculated and results showed that trapezoidal grooves with small dimension in evaporator and large dimension in condenser (forward trapezoidal) have the best performance, because this structure can generate larger capillary force of working fluid and enhance the heat transfer. Two MHPs based on the calculations were fabricated and tested, results demonstrated that forward trapezoidal groove had the lowest equilibrium temperature while the inversed trapezoidal groove had the highest equilibrium temperature, approved the numerical calculation results. When the input power was 10W, the equilibrium temperature of forward trapezoidal, parallel and backward trapezoidal grooved MHP was 67.2 oC, 73.4°C and 89.1 oC, respectively. The forward trapezoidal grooves enlarge the capillary pressure and benefit the heat transfer of MHP.
Handheld, One-Step, and Rapid Electrochemical Biosensor Platform with Smartphone Interface
Authors: Wang Jin An , Xia Zhong Liang , Su Yan , Lu Min Cong , Wan Ying , He Yong
Published: July 2017

Organophosphorous pesticide (OP), one of the most commonly used pesticides, could have serious adverse effects on human health and the environment. As the maximum residue limit (MRL) of OPs in food and water is low, it is in great demand to develop integrated, portable, user-friendly devices for the rapid and sensitive detection of OP residue. This work aims to present a homemade handhold device and screen printing electrode (SPE) chip for rapid, sensitive, and one-step detection of OPs. A handhold device was designed and fabricated to connect with smartphone to readout the electrochemical signals. Taking advantage of a three-electrode sensor chip and the inhibiting reaction of acetylcholine esterase (AchE), Trichlorphon can be detected in a considerable low detection limit of 1 ng/mL. By using the as-fabricated device and chip, the detection time was only 5 min and each test costs less than $1. The platform will allow point-of-care testing (POCT) of OPs and other targets, which shows promise for healthy and environmental monitoring.
Feature Extraction of Rolling Bearing Based on LMD Energy Feature
Authors: Xing Bang Sheng , Xu Le
Published: July 2017

For the situation that it is difficult to diagnose rolling bearings fault effectively for small samples, so it proposes a feature extraction method of rolling bearing based on local mean decomposition (LMD) energy feature. Due to the frequency domain distribution of vibration signals will change when different faults occur in rolling bearings, so it can use LMD energy feature method to extract the fault features of rolling bearings. The instances analysis and extracted results show that the LMD energy feature can extract the vibration signal fault feature of rolling bearings effectively.
Online Dynamic Balance Detection Method of High Speed Motorized Spindle Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Wang Zhan , Tu Wei
Published: July 2017

Aiming at the dynamic unbalance problem of high speed motorized spindle, an online dynamic balance detection method based on Fourier transform, polynomial curve fitting and Hooke's law is proposed, at the same time, based on virtual instrument LabVIEW software platform, programming deal with the vibration spectrum image of the motorized spindle. Combined with the detection method, output signal of the size, displacement and vector direction of unbalance force of the motorized spindle are obtained, the output signal would be transmit to dynamic balancing device to complete regulation of high speed motorized spindle online dynamic balance and achieve the real-time monitoring, analysis and timely adjustment of dynamic balance of high speed motorized spindle by using the programming of virtual instrument. We verified detection method by the experiment of online dynamic balance adjustment of the motorized spindle. Detection method of dynamic balance of motorized spindle based on LabVIEW can intuitively test vibration characteristics, the accurate detection of online dynamic balance is helpful to improve the rotation precision of the high speed spindle and realize high quality parts processing.Key words: Motorized spindle; the dynamic balance; Online detection; LabVIEW
The Analysis and Design of Closed-Loop Control System for MEMS Vibratory Gyroscopes
Authors: Yu Jia Xin , Shi Qin , Xia Guo Ming , Qiu An Ping , Yu Xue Hao , Pei Zhong Hai
Published: July 2017

A digital closed-loop control system with all digital phase locked loop (ADPLL) is designed and optimized, in order to improve the bias stability and transient response of the gyroscope. The nonlinear mathematical models for the closed-loop amplitude and phase control system are established. The linearization method is applied to analyze the nonlinear models. The control parameters of the drive loop are optimized. The experimental results show that the phase deviation between the demodulation reference signal of the drive loop and the sense signal is less than 0.25° in the temperature range from-40°C to 60°C, within 0.15° of the variation. At room temperature, the overshoot amount of the gyroscope control system is 4.5% with setting time of 0.12s. The bias stability is 1.45°h. Compared to the analog control scheme, the digital control system has advantages of short setting time, small overshoot, short phase locked time, large locked range, high phase precision, etc.
Numerical Analysis of Thermal Error for a 4-Axises Horizontal Machining Center
Authors: Huang Yu Bin , Sun Wei , Sun Qing Chao , Ma Yue , Wang Hong Fu
Published: July 2017

Thermal deformations of machine tool are among the most significant error source of machining errors. Most of current thermal error modeling researches is about 3-axies machine tool, highly reliant on collected date, which could not predict thermal errors in design stage. In This paper, in order to estimate the thermal error of a 4-axise horizontal machining center. A thermal error prediction method in machine tool design stage is proposed. Thermal errors in workspace in different working condition are illustrated through numerical simulation and volumetric error model. Verification experiments shows the outcomes of this prediction method are basically correct.