bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self‐Splittable Transcytosis Nanoraspberry for NIR‐II Photo‐Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy in Deep Tumor Tissue
Authors: Wang Li , Jiang Wei , Su Yanhong , Zhan Meixiao , Peng Shaojun , Liu Hang , Lu Ligong
Published: September 2022

Cancer photo‐immunotherapy (CPIT) as an ideal strategy can rapidly release hostile signals by appropriate dosage of focal laser irradiation to unmask primary tumor immunogenicity and can activate adaptive immunity to control distant metastases. However, many factors, including disordered immunometabolism, poor penetration of photothermal agents and immuno‐regulators, inadequate laser penetration into the deep tumor region, restrict the therapeutic outcomes of CPIT. Here, a second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) photo‐immunometabolic cancer therapy (PICT) by a programmed raspberry‐structured nanoadjuvant (PRNMT) is presented that can potentiates efficient immunogenic cell death (ICD) in deep tumor tissue and alleviates immunometabolic disorder. The PRNMT is architected through self‐assembly of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO‐1) inhibitor modified small‐sized CuS nanoparticles (CuS5) and tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive cationized polymeric matrix. The TME can trigger the splitting and surface cationization of PRNMT into small cationized CuS5 that feature high transcytosis potential and TME immunometabolic regulation. Upon NIR‐II irradiation, CuS5 induce homogeneous ICD and release immunometabolic regulator in deep tumor tissues, which ameliorates IDO‐1 mediated immunometabolic disorder and further suppresses regulatory T cells infiltration. PRNMT mediated PICT effectively delays the primary murine mammary carcinoma 4T1 tumor growth and inhibits the lethal pulmonary metastasis in combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) blockade.
Ultrahigh‐Output Triboelectric and Electromagnetic Hybrid Generator for Self‐Powered Smart Electronics and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Rana S. M. Sohel , Salauddin M. , Sharifuzzaman Md , Lee Sang Hyun , Shin Young Do , Song Hyesu , Jeong Seong Hoon , Bhatta Trilochan , Shrestha Kumar , Park Jae Yeong
Published: September 2022

Biomechanical energy harvesting shows great potential in the fields of smart electronics and biomedical Internet of Things. However, it is a significant challenge to develop a biomechanically driven energy harvester with high output power and fast charging as a sustainable power source for extended practical applications. Herein, an ultrahigh‐output triboelectric and electromagnetic hybrid generator (UHO‐TEHG) is developed to efficiently harvest biomechanical energy and provide self‐powered systems for numerous applications. The Halbach magnet array is used to concentrate additional magnetic flux in the coil and significantly enhance electromagnetic performance, while the novel poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers enhance the triboelectric performance. Through the implementation of a mechanical spring‐mass model, and rational integration of electromagnetic and triboelectric generators, the UHO‐TEHG can provide an excellent output power of 1.02 W. Compared with existing mechanical energy harvesting devices, the fabricated device exhibits a much faster battery charging performance. Experimental results reveal remarkable performance related to biomechanical energy harvesting during walking, running, hiking, mountaineering, and self‐powered wireless human motion sensor. Real‐time charging of smartphones, smartwatches, Buds Live, and iTag via customized power management circuits is demonstrated. In addition, the fabricated UHO‐TEHG demonstrates the capability to power healthcare monitoring systems using a laser‐induced hierarchical carbon nanofiber‐based e‐tattoo sensor.
Polarity‐triggered anti‐Kasha system for high‐contrast cell imaging and classification
Authors: Gong Junyi , Wei Peifa , Liu Junkai , Chen Yuncong , Zhao Zheng , Zhao Weijun , Xie Huilin , Ma Chao , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Wong Kam Sing , Li Ying , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: September 2022

Kasha's rule, which states that all exciton emissions occur from the lowest excited state and are independent of excitation energy, makes high‐energy excitons difficult to use and severely hinders the widespread applications of organic photoluminescent materials in the real world. For decades, scientists have tried to break this rule to unleash the power of high‐energy excitons, but only minimal progress has been achieved, with no rational guiding principles provided, and few applications developed. So far, breaking Kasha's rule has remained a purely academic concept. In this paper, we introduce a design principle for a purely organic anti‐Kasha system and synthesise a series of compounds based on the design rule. As predicted, these compounds all display evident S2 emissions in dilute solutions. In addition, we introduce a highly accurate (over 90%) convolutional neural network as an assistant for the classification of cells using anti‐Kasha luminogens, thereby providing a new application direction for anti‐Kasha systems.
Engineering the direct Z‐scheme systems over lattice intergrown ofMOF‐on‐MOFfor selectiveCO2photoreduction toCO
Authors: Li Jian , Yu Xinmiao , Xue Wenjuan , Nie Lei , Huang Hongliang , Zhong Chongli
Published: September 2022

The direct Z‐scheme provides a potential strategy for highly efficient CO2photoreduction, whereas the heterointerface contact resistance is significantly limited the interfacial electron transfer kinetic. Herein, we build the directional charge‐transfer channels in a direct Z‐scheme system over metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), that is, the lattice‐guided MOF‐on‐MOF hybrids, to facilitate CO2photoreduction. The heteroepitaxial lattice growth along thec‐axis of MIL‐88B(Fe) via the high‐activity (001) facet over the stable (111) facet of UiO‐66‐NH2. Theoretical calculations and experimental results provide direct evidence that engineering direct Z‐scheme of these MOFs hybrids can induce the electrons migration from UiO‐66‐NH2to the holes of MIL‐88B(Fe) by directional charge‐transfer channels owing to their lattice match. This can dramatically boost photocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO selectivity up to nearly 100%, with a rate of 2.26 μmol g−1 h−1. This work demonstrates that the efficiently selective CO2photoreduction processes can be achieved by engineering Z‐scheme via lattice intergrown of MOF hybrids strategy.
Hypothesis: Symbrachydactyly
Authors: Holmes Lewis B. , Nasri Hanah Z.
Published: September 2022

The term symbrachydactyly has been used for the phenotype of two or three short fingers or toes, hypoplasia of the middle and distal phalanges and variable syndactyly of the affected digits. Some clinicians have extended this diagnosis to include other phenotypes, specifically cleft hand, terminal transverse limb defects, hypoplasia of the thumb and fifth finger with nubbins for fingers 2, 3, and 4 and the hand deformity of the Poland anomaly. A malformations surveillance program can identify enough affected infants to characterize a phenotype. In the Active Malformations Surveillance Program in Boston (1972–2012) among 289,365 births, all infants and fetuses with structural abnormalities were identified from reading the examination findings by the pediatricians and pathologists and the results of diagnostic tests. Liveborn and stillborn infants were included, as well as fetuses from elective terminations because of anomalies identified in prenatal testing. We present the findings in 14 infants, all liveborn, who had symbrachydactyly of one or both hands (n = 12) or feet (n = 2). We suggest restricting the term symbrachydactyly to this single phenotype to improve counseling and to focus future research on identifying the cause(s).
Coumarin‐based Chemosensors for Metal Ions Detection
Authors: Pooja  , Pandey Harsh , Aggarwal Sarika , Vats Monika , Rawat Varun , Pathak Seema R.
Published: September 2022

Coumarins, due to their intense and persistent emission of fluorescence, structural flexibility, and excellent biocompatibility, have become a popular choice in developing new fluorescent chemosensors. Coumarins have long been used for sensing anions, cations, chemically reactive nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur‐containing species, and small molecules. They have also been shown to have applicability in imaging, biology, and medical research. Due to the widespread use and excellent biological activity, hundreds of such coumarin motifs have either been isolated from nature or synthesized in a laboratory. This review covers all the developments pertaining to the synthesis and use of coumarin for sensing a variety of metal ions (alkali, alkaline earth, transition, heavy, and noble metal ions). This comprehensive review includes an overview of the coumarin‐based chemosensor‘s pH limit, detection limit, and binding mode. A brief explanation of the stoichiometric ratio between metal and chemosensor moiety and the applicability of each chemosensor is also given.
Two‐Magnon Non‐Locality and Coherence Induced by an Open Microwave Cavity: Generation and Robustness
Authors: Mohamed A.‐B. A. , Eleuch H.
Published: September 2022

The generation and robustness of two‐magnon non‐locality and coherence dynamics induced by an open microwave field cavity are investigated in this work. The studied system consists of a two‐sublattice ferrimagnet coupled to a microwave field within an open cavity through its magnetic field component. The robustness of the two‐magnons non‐locality dynamics is analyzed using various non‐locality and coherence measures (namely, uncertainty‐induced non‐locality [UIN], maximal Bell function, and log‐negativity entanglement [L‐NE]) in the presence of the spontaneous emission and the electromagnetic‐wave dissipation. It is shown that photon‐magnon couplings, two‐magnon couplings, and dissipation all have an impact on the dynamical aspect of two‐magnon non‐locality and coherence. This work reveals that the two‐magnon non‐locality and coherence can be generated. For an initial maximal correlated two‐magnon state, the initial UIN non‐locality is shown to be more resilient than the maximum Bell function and log‐negativity. The amplitudes of the two‐magnon non‐locality quantifiers decline as a result of the two‐magnon coupling. The Bell non‐locality and L‐NE are reduced via spontaneous emission and dissipation, but the two‐magnon UIN‐coherence is preserved. These findings contribute to a better understanding of such dynamics and may shed light on measurement estimation in open quantum systems.
Gradient Heating Epitaxial Growth Gives Well Lattice‐Matched Mo2C−Mo2N Heterointerfaces that Boost Both Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Water Vapor Splitting
Authors: Zhang Youzi , Guo Peng , Guo Shaohui , Xin Xu , Wang Yijin , Huang Wenjing , Wang Maohuai , Yang Bowen , Jorge Sobrido Ana , Ghasemi Jahan B. , Yu Jiaguo , Li Xuanhua
Published: September 2022

An optimized approach to producing lattice‐matched heterointerfaces for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution has not yet been reported. Herein, we present the synthesis of lattice‐matched Mo2C−Mo2N heterostructures using a gradient heating epitaxial growth method. The well lattice‐matched heterointerface of Mo2C−Mo2N generates near‐zero hydrogen‐adsorption free energy and facilitates water dissociation in acid and alkaline media. The lattice‐matched Mo2C−Mo2N heterostructures have low overpotentials of 73 mV and 80 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in acid and alkaline solutions, respectively, comparable to commercial Pt/C. A novel photothermal‐electrocatalytic water vapor splitting device using the lattice‐matched Mo2C−Mo2N heterostructure as a hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst displays a competitive cell voltage for electrocatalytic water splitting.
Pseudo‐heterolepticity in Low‐Symmetry Metal‐Organic Cages
Authors: Lewis James E. M.
Published: September 2022

Heteroleptic metal‐organic cages, formed through integrative self‐assembly of ligand mixtures, are highly attractive as reduced symmetry supramolecular hosts. Ensuring high‐fidelity, non‐statistical self‐assembly, however, presents a significant challenge in molecular engineering due to the inherent difficulty in predicting thermodynamic energy landscapes. In this work, two conceptual strategies are described that circumvent this issue, using ligand design strategies to access structurally sophisticated metal‐organic hosts. Using these approaches, it was possible to realise cavity environments described by two inequivalent, unsymmetrical ligand frameworks, representing a significant step forward in the construction of highly anisotropic confined spaces.
Salting‐Out Aldehyde from the Electrooxidation of Alcohols with 100 % Selectivity
Authors: Xu Leitao , Huang Zhifeng , Yang Ming , Wu Jingcheng , Chen Wei , Wu Yandong , Pan Yuping , Lu Yuxuan , Zou Yuqin , Wang Shuangyin
Published: September 2022

Selective electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols to value‐added aldehydes has attracted increasing attention. However, due to its higher reactivity than alcohol, the aldehyde is easily over‐oxidized to acid in alkaline electrolytes. Herein we realize the selective electrooxidation of alcohol to aldehyde on NiO by tuning the local microenvironment to salt out the aldehyde from the reaction system. The origin of the high selectivity was found to be the inhibition of the hydration of aldehydes, which is the result of the decreased alkalinity and the increased cation and substrate concentration. This strategy could salt out the aldehyde at the gas|electrolyte interface from the electrooxidation of alcohol with 100 % selectivity and be easily extended to other selective oxidation reactions, such as 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) to 2,5‐furandicarboxaldehyde (DFF) and amine to an imine.
Heteroatoms Induce Localization of the Electric Field and Promote a Wide Potential‐Window Selectivity Towards CO in the CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Cai Chao , Liu Bao , Liu Kang , Li Pengcheng , Fu Junwei , Wang Yanqiu , Li Wenzhang , Tian Chen , Kang Yicui , Stefancu Andrei , Li Hongmei , Kao Cheng‐Wei , Chan Ting‐Shan , Lin Zhang , Chai Liyuan , Cortés Emiliano , Liu Min
Published: September 2022

Carbon dioxide electroreduction (CO2RR) is a sustainable way of producing carbon‐neutral fuels. Product selectivity in CO2RR is regulated by the adsorption energy of reaction‐intermediates. Here, we employ differential phase contrast‐scanning transmission electron microscopy (DPC‐STEM) to demonstrate that Sn heteroatoms on a Ag catalyst generate very strong and atomically localized electric fields. In situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐IR) results verified that the localized electric field enhances the adsorption of *COOH, thus favoring the production of CO during CO2RR. The Ag/Sn catalyst exhibits an approximately 100 % CO selectivity at a very wide range of potentials (from −0.5 to −1.1 V, versus reversible hydrogen electrode), and with a remarkably high energy efficiency (EE) of 76.1 %.
Validation of reliability and predictivity of membrane septum length measurements for pacemaker need after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Hioki Hirofumi , Watanabe Yusuke , Kozuma Ken , Ryuzaki Toshinobu , Goto Shinichi , Inohara Taku , Katsumata Yoshinori , Tsunaki Tatsuya , Kawahata Ryotaku , Kobayashi Toshihiro , Asami Masahiko , Otsuka Toshiaki , Yamamoto Masanori , Hayashida Kentaro ,   OCEAN‐TAVI Investigators
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To assess the inter methodological agreement of membrane septum (MS) length measurement and additive value for risk stratification of new pacemaker implantation (PMI) over the established predictors after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background

Recent studies have suggested MS length and implantation depth (ID) as predictors for PMI after TAVR. However, the measurement of MS length is neither uniform nor validated in different cohort.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent TAVR at five centers. The MS length was measured by two previously proposed methods (coronal and annular view method). Predictive ability of risk factors, including MS length and ID, for new PMI within 30 days after TAVR were evaluated.

Results

Among 754 patients of study population, 31 patients (4.1%) required new PMI within 30 days of TAVR. There was a weak correlation (ρ = 0.47) and a poor agreement between the two methods. The ID and the difference between MS length and ID (ΔMSID), were independent predictors for new PMI, whereas MS length alone was not. Further, for predicting new PMI after TAVR, discrimination performance was not significantly improved when MS length was added to the model with ID alone (integrated discrimination improvement = 0, p= 0.99; continuous net‐reclassification improvement = 0.10, p= 0.62).

Conclusions

External validity and predictive accuracy of MS length for PMI after TAVR were not sufficient to provide better risk stratification over the established predictors in our cohort. Moreover, the ID and ΔMSID, but not MS length alone, are predictive of future PMI after TAVR.
Substrate‐Enabled Room‐Temperature Electrochemical Deposition of Crystalline ZnMnO3
Authors: Rettenmaier Karin , Zickler Gregor A. , Redhammer Günther J. , Berger Thomas
Published: September 2022

Mixed transition metal oxides have emerged as promising electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. To optimize the functional electrode properties, synthesis approaches allowing for a systematic tailoring of the materials’ composition, crystal structure and morphology are urgently needed. Here we report on the room‐temperature electrodeposition of a ternary oxide based on earth‐abundant metals, specifically, the defective cubic spinel ZnMnO3. In this unprecedented approach, ZnO surfaces act as (i) electron source for the interfacial reduction of MnO4− in aqueous solution, (ii) as substrate for epitaxial growth of the deposit and (iii) as Zn precursor for the formation of ZnMnO3. Epitaxial growth of ZnMnO3 on the lateral facets of ZnO nanowires assures effective electronic communication between the electroactive material and the conducting scaffold and gives rise to a pronounced 2‐dimensional morphology of the electrodeposit forming – after partial delamination from the substrate – twisted nanosheets. The synthesis strategy shows promise for the direct growth of different mixed transition metal oxides as electroactive phase onto conductive substrates and thus for the fabrication of binder‐free nanocomposite electrodes.
Artificial intelligence driven Wi‐Fi CSI data mining: Focusing on the intrusion detection applications
Authors: Qi Fang , Zhao Yingkai , Bhuiyan Md Zakirul Alam , Tao Hai , Yan Weifeng , Tang Zhe
Published: September 2022

In the past several years, a series of breakthrough research advancements have been achieved by leveraging wireless signals such as Wi‐Fi in various emerging applications, including healthcare, behavior recognition, positioning, and target detection. Compared to traditional human behavior sensing methods, Wi‐Fi signals human behavior sensing technology has many advantages, including non‐line‐of‐sight, sensor device‐free sensing, passive sensing, ease of deployment, and no need for lights. Data mining undoubtedly plays a critical role in making Wi‐Fi‐based human behavior detection intelligent enough to facilitate convenient services and environments. We study Wi‐Fi signals mining using the data mining process and review the developmental process of Wi‐Fi data mining. This covers the methods of Wi‐Fi data mining, including signal acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction to training, and classification. We then propose WHSecurity, a whole home intrusion detection and tracking system that is based on all of the methods covered above. Finally, WHSecurity includes a deep learning‐based data mining process called multiview learning for the decision‐making on intrusion detection and tracking. Experimental outcomes show that the WHSecurity approach performs superior in terms of intrusion detection and tracking performance.
Nonacidic thiophene‐based derivatives as potential analgesic and design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and metabolic stability study
Authors: Mikhail Demiana S. , El‐Nassan Hala B. , Mahmoud Sally T. , Fahim Samar H.
Published: September 2022

Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs represent one of the most popularly used classes of drugs. However, their long‐term administration is associated with various side effects including gastrointestinal ulceration. One of the major reasons of NSAIDs ulcerogenicity is direct damage of the epithelial lining cells by the acidic moieties present in many drugs. Another drawback for this acidic group is its rapid metabolism and clearance through Phase II conjugation. Three series of thiophene and thienopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized as nonacidic anti‐inflammatory agents. In vivo testing of their analgesic activity indicated that compounds 2b and 7a‐d showed higher PI values than that of the positive control drugs, indomethacin and celecoxib. The latter compounds 2b and 7a‐d were subjected to further anti‐inflammatory activity testing where they showed comparable percentage edema inhibition to that of indomethacin and celecoxib. Compounds 2b, 7a, 7c, and 7d inhibited PGE2 synthesis by 61.10%–74.54% (71.47% for indomethacin, and 80.11% for celecoxib). The same compounds inhibited the expression of rat mPGES‐1 and cPGES3 by 74%–83% (77% for indomethacin, and 82% for celecoxib) and 48%–70% (62% for indomethacin, and 70% for celecoxib), respectively. The stability of the most active compound 2b in Nonenzymatic gastrointestinal fluids and in human plasma was tested. Additionally, studying the metabolic stability of compound 2b in S9 rat liver fraction showed that it displayed a slow in vitro clearance with half‐life time 1.5‐fold longer than indomethacin. The metabolites of 2b were predicted via UPLC‐MS/MS. In silico ADMET profiling study was also included.
Frictional stability of Longmaxi shale gouges and its implication for deep seismic potential in the southeastern Sichuan Basin
Authors: Zhang Fengshou , Cui Li , An Mengke , Elsworth Derek , He Changrong
Published: September 2022

Microearthquakes accompanying shale gas recovery highlight the importance of exploring the frictional and stability properties of shale gouges. Aiming to reveal the influencing factors on fault stability, this paper explores the impact of mineral compositions, effective stress and temperature on the frictional stability of Longmaxi shale gouges in deep reservoirs located in the Luzhou area, southeastern Sichuan Basin. Eleven shear experiments were conducted to define the frictional strength and stability of five shale gouges. The specific experimental conditions were as follows: temperatures: 90–270°C; a confining stress: 95 MPa; and pore fluid pressures: 25–55 MPa. The results show that all five shale gouges generally display high frictional strength with friction coefficients ranging from 0.60 to 0.70 at the aforementioned experiment condition of pressures, and temperatures. Frictional stability is significantly affected by temperature and mineral compositions, but is insensitive to variation in pore fluid pressures. Fault instability is enhanced at higher temperatures (especially at >200°C) and with higher tectosilicate/carbonate contents. The results demonstrate that the combined effect of mineral composition and temperature is particularly important for induced seismicity during hydraulic fracturing in deep shale reservoirs.
A grid frequency control on small scale power system by introduction of variable speed diesel‐driven power plant
Authors: Takahashi Rion , Umemura Atsushi , Tamura Junji
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes the application of an adjustable speed diesel engine‐driven power plant employing a doubly‐fed induction generator to an isolated small‐scale power system including renewable power sources. This type of power plant can contribute to fast and flexible power balancing regulations under vacillating power supplies such as wind, solar, and other renewable power sources. Installation of a battery system is also considered, which can assist coordinately with the power plant to augment renewable power sources in the isolated power system.
Reduction of magnetic field by low‐order harmonics in magnetic resonant wireless power transfer system using high‐frequency switching
Authors: Nagai Sakahisa , Fujita Toshiyuki , Sumiya Hayato , Shimizu Osamu , Fujimoto Hiroshi
Published: September 2022

Recently, dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) for battery electric vehicles has been actively studied because it can enhance their cruising range and reduce their charging time. An SS type WPT circuit is simpler and more efficient than a WPT circuit with a filter, such as an LCC type WPT circuit. By contrast, the leakage magnetic field generated by the harmonic current is a problem that needs to be addressed. The leakage magnetic field is limited by the Radio Act and the Ordinance for Regulating Radio Equipment in Japan. This study aims to reduce the leakage magnetic field generated by the harmonic current using a high‐frequency switching technology. The inverter and rectifier are operated using pulse width modulation (PWM) with a high carrier frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed method was experimentally verified using a GaN inverter and rectifier. As a result, the proposed method can drastically reduce the leakage magnetic field, especially, the magnetic field generated by the current harmonics of order greater than five.
Biomarkers in heart failure clinical trials. A review from the Biomarkers Working Group of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Aimo Alberto , Jhund Pardeep , Richards Mark , de Boer Rudolf A. , Arfsten Henrike , Fabiani Iacopo , Lupón Josep , Anker Stefan D. , González Arantxa , Castiglione Vincenzo , Metra Marco , Mueller Christian , Núñez Julio , Rossignol Patrick , Barison Andrea , Butler Javed , Teerlink John , Filippatos Gerasimos , Ponikowski Piotr , Vergaro Giuseppe , Zannad Faiez , Seferovic Petar , Rosano Giuseppe , Coats Andrew J.S. , Emdin Michele , Januzzi James L.
Published: September 2022

The approval of new heart failure (HF) therapies has slowed over the past two decades in part due to the high costs of conducting large randomized clinical trials that are needed to adequately power major clinical endpoint studies. Several biomarkers have been identified reflecting different elements of HF pathophysiology, with possible applications in diagnosis, risk stratification, treatment monitoring, and even in the design of clinical trials. Biomarkers could potentially be used to refine study inclusion criteria to enable enrolment of patients who are more likely to respond to a therapeutic intervention, despite being at sufficient risk to meet pre‐determined study endpoint rates. When there is a close relationship between biomarker levels and clinical endpoints, changes in biomarker levels after a given treatment can act as a surrogate endpoint, potentially reducing the duration and cost of a clinical trial. Natriuretic peptides have been widely used in clinical trials with a variable amount of added value, which such variation being probably due to the absence of a close pathophysiological connection to the study drug. Notable exceptions to this include sacubitril/valsartan and vericiguat. Future studies should seek to adopt unbiased approaches for discovery of true companion diagnostics; with ‐omics‐based tools, biomarkers might be more precisely selected for use in clinical trials to identify responses that closely reflect the biological effects of the drug under investigation. Finally, biomarkers associated with cardiac damage and remodelling, such as cardiac troponin, could be employed as safety endpoints provided that standardization between different assays is achieved.
Case study on demand side management‐based cost optimized battery integrated hybrid renewable energy system for remote rural electrification
Authors: Rajegowda Kalpana Dhavala , Hassan NageshaRao Suresh , Siddaiah Rajanna , Mala Ramesh
Published: September 2022

Power demand of isolated villages where on‐grid power supply is not economical can be met by standalone renewable energy system. Hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) considered in the current study involves photo‐voltaic, wind turbine, diesel generator, and battery. In the present study, the demand side energy management methods are used for energy management. The load shifting and strategic conservation methods are used. The energy management schemes are applied in the stage of load estimation. It is observed in the analysis that, the net present cost (NPC) of $55 263 is reduced to $34 009 with the application of demand side energy management strategies. The two control strategies, load‐following and predictive‐dispatch strategy are incorporated. The three types of batteries like lead‐acid, lithium‐ion, and zinc‐bromide are integrated, one at a time, for analysis. The analysis results in the optimal HRES configuration solution with the combination of both load shifting and strategic conservation techniques of demand side energy management. The NPC is reduced by 37% in comparison with the HRES without the application of energy management methods. The zinc‐bromide battery integrated HRES configuration through predictive dispatch control strategy with the application of demand side energy management schemes results in optimal solution for electrification of cluster of villages located in Uralagallu panchayat, Sagar Taluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka, India. To the similar kind of geographical condition areas, the same HRES configuration with similar approach can be extended for electrification.
RETRACTED: Improving mobile cloud computing service efficiency using energy competent and federated learning process
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Mani , Shanmugapriya Prakasam
Published: September 2022

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) helps to make effective communication that is used to transmit various information like voice, data, and video. The MCC environments support different real‐time applications, including gaming and virtual reality implications. During the data transmission, energy conservation is one of the major issues for retaining the application span incorporating distributed and personalized computing and resource sharing. Ability‐sustained energy competent method (ASECM) is introduced to overcome these issues and manage energy efficiency. The ASECM approach analyzes the session span and energy requirements for managing the applications' energy factor. In addition, the federated learning and computation offloading process is incorporated to retain the energy factor for ensuring reliable services. The effective utilization of the offloading process is used to meet the application deadline and energy‐sufficient operations, preventing failures. In the recommendation process, cloud service availability with energy management constraints is considered for reducing energy expenditures. This process is nonrecurrent as the user/application requirements rely on diverse resources over different energy management techniques. The performance is measured using energy efficacy, utilization, application span, and failures.
GESLA Version 3: A major update to the global higher‐frequency sea‐level dataset
Authors: Haigh Ivan D. , Marcos Marta , Talke Stefan A. , Woodworth Philip L. , Hunter John R. , Hague Ben S. , Arns Arne , Bradshaw Elizabeth , Thompson Philip
Published: September 2022

This paper describes a major update to the quasi‐global, higher‐frequency sea‐level dataset known as GESLA (Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis). Versions 1 (released 2009) and 2 (released 2016) of the dataset have been used in many published studies, across a wide range of oceanographic and coastal engineering‐related investigations concerned with evaluating tides, storm surges, extreme sea levels, and other related processes. The third version of the dataset (released 2021), presented here, contains double the number of years of data, and nearly four times the number of records, compared to Version 2. The dataset consists of records obtained from multiple sources around the world. This paper describes the assembly of the dataset, its processing, and its format, and outlines potential future improvements.
Bonding and 13C‐NMR properties of coinage metal tris(ethylene) and tris(norbornene) complexes: Evaluation of the role of relativistic effects from DFT calculations
Authors: Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro , Dias H. V. Rasika
Published: September 2022

The π‐complexes of cationic coinage metal ions (Cu(I), Ag(I), Au(I)) provide useful experimental support for understanding fundamental characteristics of bonding and 13C‐NMR patterns of the group 11 triad. Here, we account for the role of relativistic effects on olefin‐coinage metal ion interaction for cationic, homoleptic tris‐ethylene, and tris‐norbornene complexes, [M(η2‐C2H4)3]+ and [M(η2‐C7H10)3]+ (M = Cu, Ag, Au), as representative case of studies. The M‐(CC) bond strength in the cationic, tris‐ethylene complexes is affected sizably for Au and to a lesser extent for Ag and Cu (48.6%, 16.7%, and 4.3%, respectively), owing to the influence on the different stabilizing terms accounting for the interaction energy in the formation of coinage metal cation‐π complexes. The bonding elements provided by olefin → M σ‐donation and olefin ← M π‐backbonding are consequently affected, leading to a lesser covalent interaction going down in the triad if the relativistic effects are ignored. Analysis of the 13C‐NMR tensors provides further understanding of the observed experimental values, where the degree of backbonding charge donation to π2*‐olefin orbital is the main influence on the observed high‐field shifts in comparison to the free olefin. This donation is larger for ethylene complexes and lower for norbornene counterparts. However, the bonding energy in the later complexes is slightly stabilized given by the enhancement in the electrostatic character of the interaction. Thus, the theoretical evaluation of metal‐alkene bonds, and other metal‐bonding situations, benefits from the incorporation of relativistic effects even in lighter counterparts, which have an increasing role going down in the group.
Simulation of ligand dissociation kinetics from the protein kinase PYK2
Authors: Spiriti Justin , Noé Frank , Wong Chung F.
Published: September 2022

Early‐stage drug discovery projects often focus on equilibrium binding affinity to the target alongside selectivity and other pharmaceutical properties. The kinetics of drug binding are ignored but can have significant influence on drug efficacy. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid on evaluating drug‐binding kinetics early in a drug discovery process. Simulating drug‐binding kinetics at the atomic level is challenging for the long time scale involved. Here, we used the transition‐based reweighting analysis method (TRAM) with the Markov state model to study the dissociation of a ligand from the protein kinase PYK2. TRAM combines biased and unbiased simulations to reduce computational costs. This work used the umbrella sampling technique for the biased simulations. Although using the potential of mean force from umbrella sampling simulations with the transition‐state theory over‐estimated the dissociation rate by three orders of magnitude, TRAM gave a dissociation rate within an order of magnitude of the experimental value.
Lnc2300 is a cis‐acting long noncoding RNA of CYP11A1 in ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Wang Yang , Yao Wang , Du Xing , Li Qifa
Published: September 2022

The high level of progesterone and 17β‐estradiol ratio (P4/E2) in follicular fluid has been considered as a biomarker of follicular atresia. CYP11A1, the crucial gene encoding the rate‐limiting enzyme for steroid hormone synthesis, has been reported differently expressed in the ovary during follicular atresia. However, the regulation mechanism of CYP11A1 expression during follicular atresia still remains unclear. Here, we have demonstrated that lnc2300, a novel pig ovary‐specific highly expressed cis‐acting long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcribed from chromosome 7, has the ability to induce the expression of CYP11A1 and inhibit the apoptosis of porcine granulosa cells (GCs). Mechanistically, lnc2300, mainly located in the cytoplasm of porcine GCs, sponges and suppresses the expression of miR‐365‐3p through acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), which further relieves the inhibitory effects of miR‐365‐3p on the expression of CYP11A1. Besides, CYP11A1 is validated as a direct functional target of miR‐365‐3p in porcine GCs. Functionally, lnc2300 is an antiapoptotic lncRNA that reduces porcine GC apoptosis by inhibiting the proapoptotic function of miR‐365‐3p. In summary, our findings reveal a cis‐acting regulation mechanism of CYP11A1 through lncRNA, and define a novel signaling pathway, lnc2300/miR‐365‐3p/CYP11A1 axis, which is involved in the regulation of GC apoptosis and follicular atresia.
Optimization and biochemical characterization of a thermotolerant processive cellulase, PtCel1, of Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius NBCB1
Authors: Basak Arijita , Gavande Parmeshwar V. , Murmu Nensina , Ghosh Shilpi
Published: September 2022

Vermicomposting involves enrichment of microorganisms that are able to resist higher temperatures and perform simultaneous degradation of lignocellulose, and therefore, such microbial communities are a potential source of cellulolytic enzymes. This study aimed to optimize the production of a processive cellulase by Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius NBCB1 isolated from vermicompost, under submerged fermentation of rice straw and to characterize the purified enzyme for industrial suitability. Cellulase production in basal medium (7.27 IU/mg) was enhanced to 61 IU/mg by One Factor At a Time approach, which was further improved to 78.46 IU/mg by genetic algorithm based artificial neural networking. The cellulase PtCel1 purified from bacterial culture showed a molecular weight of ≈33 kD, had activity on both crystalline (305 IU/mg) and amorphous (184 IU/mg) cellulose as substrates. It had pH and temperature optima of 5.5°C and 60°C, respectively, and retained 100% activity upon preincubation at 60°C for 1 h indicating thermostability. PtCel1 was tolerant to sodium dodecyl sulfate, glucose and mannose; and the various metal chlorides, such as sodium, magnesium, calcium and zinc, acted as inducers giving 77.54%, 45.15%, 61.10%, and 169.14% augmentation of activity, respectively. Its efficiency on cellulosic substrates and robustness against aforementioned chemical and thermal environment makes it suitable for industrial applications.
Investigating future changes in precipitation interannual variability and extremes over southern China
Authors: Liu Ying Lung , Tam Chi‐Yung , Tong Hang Wai , Cheung Kevin , Xu Zhongfeng
Published: September 2022

The Regional Climate Model system version 4 (RegCM4) has been used to dynamically downscale outputs from four different general circulation models (GCM) participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) to the horizontal resolution of 25 km × 25 km, in order to study changes in the Southern China hydrological cycle according to the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 between 2050‐to‐2099 and 1979‐to‐2003. Accompanying wetter boreal spring and summer, the interannual rainfall variability for these seasons is also enhanced. A novel moisture budget analysis shows that changes in mean background humidity (anomalous wind convergence) dominate the increase in the interannual variability in spring (summer). Extreme daily precipitation in these seasons (based on the 95th percentile) is projected to become more intense, roughly following the Clausius–Clapeyron (CC) relation for the aforementioned seasons. On the other hand, the annual number of maximum consecutive dry days (CDD) is found to increase by about 3 to 5 days over locations south of 32° N, where autumn mean rainfall rate is projected to reduce (although this might be subjected to models' ability in capturing tropical cyclone activities). Analyses of the GCM raw outputs indicate that strengthened northerlies over coastal East Asia, which is likely associated with the so‐called tropical expansion, are responsible for the drier autumn.
Optimization of enzyme‐assisted extraction of albedo extract obtained from watermelon rind (Citrullus lanatus) and its use in the enrichment of nutrients and bioactive compounds in watermelon juices
Authors: dos Santos Gielen Delfino , da Silva Haas Isabel Cristina , Arriola Nathalia Darminia Aceval , Vitali Luciano , Fritzen‐Freire Carlise Beddin , de Oliveira Petkowicz Carmen Lucia , Amante Edna Regina , Prudêncio Elane Schwinden , Amboni Renata D. M. C.
Published: September 2022

Background

Albedo residue represents approximately 54% of the total solid residue generated during watermelon juice production, this material is an excellent source of bioactive compounds and polysaccharides. This study aimed at optimizing the enzyme‐assisted extraction (EAE) to obtain a higher yield of albedo extract using response surface methodology (RSM), having in view the enrichment of watermelon juice with this material.

Results

The complete three‐level factorial design allowed the optimization of enzyme concentration, extraction time and temperature, leading to an optimal extraction of albedo extract at an enzyme concentration of 1.5 ml/Kg (w/w), extraction time of 45 min and temperature of 50°C. The watermelon juice enriched with 10% of albedo extract (WJ10) showed the highest polyphenolic potential and antioxidant capacity. The 13C NMR spectra confirmed the presence of homogalacturonans, xylogalacturonans and rhamnogalacturonans in the albedo extract. The watermelon juice enriched with 30% albedo extract (WJ30) obtained an increase of 47% and 216% in the content of galactose and uronic acids. HPLC‐RID analysis revealed that the addition of albedo extract in watermelon juice decreased the contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose. The multivariate chemometric analysis revealed the grouping of samples according to the bioactive composition and monosaccharide profile.

Conclusion

There is a global demand for reducing organic residues in food industries, that way, the elaboration of products from residues obtained from food processing, rich in polyphenols and polysaccharides, such as albedo extract, represents a promising opportunity to develop innovative products and ingredients with high added value.
Differential equations involving homeomorphism with nonlinear boundary conditions
Authors: Szymańska‐Dȩbowska Katarzyna , Zima Mirosława
Published: September 2022

We establish existence results for differential equations of the form:

where
is continuous and
is a homeomorphism, with nonlinear boundary conditions:

where
are continuous and
are continuous functionals. Our methods of proofs are based on the extension of Mawhin's continuation theorem for quasi‐linear operators.
Planar substrate integrated waveguide‐based resonators and its usage to compact X‐band small phase noise oscillator
Authors: Nimehvari Varcheh Hamed , Rezaei Pejman , Kiani Sina
Published: September 2022

This study denotes a procedure of a small phase noise (SPN) oscillator employing three different substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) resonators as a frequency stabilization‐component. The SIW resonator as modifying phase noise (PN) is investigated and branchline coupler in the feedback loop is presented. The design technique to attain SPN usage for optimized efficiency is proposed. Then, three different X‐band SIW oscillators using a packaged GaAs FET transistor are planned. Due to the PN and compacting, the miniaturized conventional SIW (MCSIW) oscillator is selected. This MCSIW oscillator operates at 8.15 GHz, mentions a PN of −169 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz frequency‐offset.
Influence of scour on the vertical response of rock‐socketed piles in layered saturated rock–soil mass
Authors: Chen Yuan Feng , Ai Zhi Yong , Ma Zhan Guo , Ye Zi Kun
Published: September 2022

The influence of scour on the vertical response of rock‐socketed piles in a layered saturated rock–soil mass is studied through the finite element‐boundary element coupling method. By utilizing the theoretical solution of layered saturated media as the kernel function, the boundary element method (BEM) is used to deduce the boundary integral equations of rock–soil mass. Meanwhile, the pile is modelled with the three‐node bar element and the global stiffness matrix of the pile is assembled by the finite element method (FEM). Then according to the scour type, the flexibility matrix of the foundation is recombined and extended, which is consistent with the stiffness matrix dimension of the pile. In consideration of the force balance and continuity conditions at the pile‐soil‐rock interface, the FEM–BEM coupling equation is established to solve the interaction between layered rock–soil mass and rock‐socketed pile that considers different scour types. A corresponding MATLAB program is compiled to verify the correctness of the present theory by comparisons with the existing literature solutions, field tests and the finite element solutions. The influences of the scour type, scour depth, socketed length as well as pile‐rock mass modulus ratio and rock mass stratification on the vertical response of a rock‐socketed single pile are further discussed through several numerical examples.
The association between body image, emotional health, relationships, and unhealthy dietary behaviors among medical sciences students: A structural equation modeling analysis
Authors: Arabi‐Mianrood Hoda , Shahhosseini Zohreh , Tabaghdehi Monirolsadate Hosseini
Published: September 2022

Aim

Although it showed that poor body image may drive an individual to unhealthy dietary behaviors, but less is known about the role of emotional health and interpersonal relationships in this regard in different age group of population. This study aimed to investigate the association between body image, emotional health, relationships, and unhealthy dietary behaviors among medical sciences students.

Methods

In this cross‐sectional study, using a three‐stage stratified sampling method, 248 Iranian medical sciences students were recruited. The participants completed self‐administered questionnaires, including Youth Risk Behavior Survey Questionnaire, Adolescent Health Concerns Inventory, and Body Image Concern Inventory. The data were analyzed using SPSS‐20 and structural equation modeling in the Amos software version 24.

Results

The results indicate the acceptability of the goodness of fit model index. Direct association of body image with emotional health (β = 0.91, p = 0.005) and relationships (β = 0.88, p = 0.009) was significant, but any direct and indirect association between body and unhealthy dietary behaviors was not found.

Conclusion

This study underlines the importance of being aware of the association between body image, emotional health, and relationships Further studies are recommended to explore the relationship between these factors and unhealthy dietary behaviors in medical sciences students.