bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and In-vitro Evaluation of Timolol Maleate Loaded Ocular inserts by using various polymers
Authors: A. Dayoub Raghad , Laham Antoun
Published: April 2023

The anatomy physiology and biochemistry of the eye render this organ impervious to foreign substances. Ocusert system was firstly developed in 1975 in the USA. It is a flat, flexible, solid and semisolid device which consists of drug reservoir by using various polymers. In the present study Timolol maleate loaded ocular inserts were prepared using different polymers (Methylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Eudragit, Ethyl cellulose, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone) by solvent casting method for the treatment of glaucoma. Glycerin, Polyethylene glycol and Dibutyl phthalate were used as plasticizers in different ratios. The prime objective of ocuserts formulating is to enhance therapeutic effect through continuous controlled delivery of ophthalmically active drug to the eye. The physiochemical parameters like thickness, weight, surface pH, folding endurance, % moisture absorption, % moisture loss and drug content were evaluated. In-vitro drug release studies were carried out using a Franz diffusion cell like model. Drug-polymer interactions were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that the higher the polymer percentage in the formula, the greater the weight and thickness of the film. The mechanical properties of the films reveal that the formulations (F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, F7 and F8) were strong, elastic with smooth surface and appropriate weight for ocular use. In addition to having surface pH that matches the requirements of the ocular dosage forms. It has also been shown that the formulas with hydrophobic polymers have low ability to absorb moisture as well as low moisture content. F4 (Eudragit RL 100 10%) gave sustained drug release with most of the drug being released after 8 hours (95.331%). The release profile of F4 followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model and correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.992). FTIR studies did not show any evidence of interaction between the drug and the polymers.
Antitumor activity of Metformin through p53 and Cyclin D1 in the Urothelial Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Setijo Rahaju Anny , Mustika Arifa , Adi Wiratama Priangga , Hakim Lukman , M. Soebadi Doddy
Published: April 2023

Bladder cancer is considered as one of the main drivers of cancer related mortality in adult men. Data from Global Cancer Statistics 2018 (GLOBOCAN) showed that the bladder cancer was included among the Top 10 cancer incidence in worldwide. Meanwhile, metformin, an antidiabetic agent, is believed to be able to impede the varying cancer cells expansion. Many examinations had displayed that metformin interferes via the AMPK/mTOR axis pathway, thereby suppressing tumor growth. AMPK activation can also increase stromal cell survival through p53 activation. Metformin also disrupts the cell cycle by decreasing the cyclin D1 protein in cancer cells. The human cell line 5637 was treated with metformin 15 mM, examined for cyclin D1 and p53 by immunohistochemical staining and assessed for the viability of cancer cells. The Statistic test was utilized to make a comparison of tumor viabilities and other variables. No significant differences were found in the expression of wild type p53 and cyclin D1 but significant differences were observed in the viability between the control and metformin groups. We have proven in our study that the anti-tumor effect of metformin in reducing the viability of urothelial carcinoma tumor cells not only through p53 and cyclin D1.
Evaluation of Two Assays Immunochromatography and RT-PCR for detection of Rotavirus in Iraqi Children
Authors: H. Zaboon Zahraa , M. Mohammed Shaimaa , A. Muhammed Hayder , A. Faraj Jabar
Published: April 2023

The lack of dedicated RV treatment makes early detection and effective vaccines important to prevent increased mortality and morbidity, as they can only be treated with fluid and electrolyte replacement. The study's goal was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of Reverse transcriptase PCR and Rapid immunochromatography techniques for Rotavirus detection. Between November 2020 and June 2021, 320 stool samples from children under the age of five were obtained at Babylon Teaching Hospital. Primary detection of Rotavirus contamination has executed the use of immunochromatography test (rapid test) LumiQuickAdeno-RotaVirus Antigen Comb takes a look at(Netherlands) and opposite transcriptase PCR in the detection of Rotavirus infection by means of using structural gene (vp4), the results discovered that Rotavirus became detected at a high rate in male stool samples (67.5%) rather than a girl (32.5%). December and Januarywere observed the biggest number of cases, with (46.6%) and (28.3%), respectively.The rural area had the highest rate of Rotavirus infection (56.6%), compared to (43.4%) in the urban area.The RT-PCR assay's excellent overall performance was also considered in its capability to identify Rotavirus RNA in 84 of 320 children's prevalence (26.25%).
Optimization of Tacrolimus Loaded Reconstituted Nanoparticles by QbD Method
Authors: Chaudhari Prafulla , Jadhav Snehal , Chaudhari Priyanka , Wankhede Sagar , Chandewar Shital
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present study is to implement QbD approach for development and optimization of Tacrolimus Loaded Reconstituted Nanoparticles. Tacrolimus-loaded nanoparticles were prepared by using Kollisolve PEG 300, Kolliphor ELP, Citrate buffer solution and Tween 80. The aqueous medium was added drop by drop into the organic phase at continuous stirring on a magnetic stirrer for half an hour. The solution then homogenized at high pressure that reduced particle size. Drying was done by using Low Endotoxin Lactose Monohydrate as a carrier. The final reconstituted powder stored in a closed container and assessed for zeta potential, drug loading, FT-IR Studies, Particle Size Analysis, SEM, X-Ray Diffraction, DSC etc. Optimization was performed by using Design Expert 8 software, 3 Level Factorial design was selected from Response Surface Design. The drug was found to be 98.65% w/w by assay. The particle size was found to be in the range of 263nm - 500nm. Tacrolimus powder shows O-H stretching vibration at 3374.91cm−1, C = O stretching vibrations at 1733.38 cm−1, and C = C stretching vibration at 1631.55 cm−1, C–O (ester) stretching vibration at 1248.11 cm−1. Tacrolimus nanoparticles were optimized by QbD method, Methanol: Phosphate Buffer (80:20) solvent phase was used having pH 6. The maximum wavelength of Tacrolimus was found to be 293nm. The desirability value of that optimized method was found to be 1. Tacrolimus Loaded Reconstituted Nanoparticles leads to enhanced solubility and we can conclude that an increase in pH was responsible for increment in absorbance and thus showed the direct relationship between them.
Molecular Dynamic Simulation Approach to Predict the Compatibility of Formulation Components of Salbutamol Sulfate Metered Dose Inhaler Free off Ethanol
Authors: Alaa Aldabet , Mohammad Haroun , Marof Alkhayer , Wassim Abdelwahed
Published: April 2023

More than 50 years since the first introduction of metered dose inhaler (MDI) by Riker laboratories 1956. The major development in MDI manufacturing was the transformation from chloroflouro carbon (CFC) to hydroflouro alkane (HFA) which required a new engineering design to the MDI components and reformulation of existing MDI to fit the new propellant. Evolution of MDI formulation was challenging due to the low solubility profile of most excipients in HFA propellants and the limitation of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) excipients that could be delivered to the lung. The main purpose of this study was to develop a new salbutamol sulfate (SS) MDI using PEG400(1%) w/w as suitable alternative co-solvents to ethanol (10%)w/w. PVP-k30(0.001-0.0001%) w/w and Brij72(0.001-0.005-0.01%) were used separately as suggested stabilizer. In silico molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was carried out to investigate the compatibility of new excipients with SS and PEG400 before adding the HFA134a. Differential scanning calorimeter(DSC) was also run to evaluate the compatibility between formulations components that passed the visual observation test. Content per actuation was also used to estimate the developing formulation at accelerated stability conditions (40°C/75%RH).(N=10). MD simulation results demonstrated the compatibility of PVP-k30(0.0001%) w/w with other formulation's components before adding HFA134a propellant(small or negative value for and ). MD simulation results were also confirmed by DSC thermograms which indicate the compatibility between PVP-k30 based formulation due to a small change in endothermic maximum melting point compared with Brij 72 based formulation.Content per actuation of PVP-k30(0.0001%)w/w based formulation passed the accelerated stability test and there is a significant effect of stabilizer type and concentration on the emitted dose (p-value >0.05). This work confirms that MD simulations could save time and reduce the cost of experiments during the early stage of reformulation process of MDI.
Novas interações entre a mariposa Oiketicus kirbyi e plantas hospedeiras
Authors: Danielle Pinheiro Karen , Manuel Fogaça João
Published: April 2023

Oiketicus kirbyi (Guilding, 1827) é uma mariposa pertencente à família Psychidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera). Essa espécie possui uma característica em seu ciclo de vida diferente das demais da sua ordem, onde apenas o macho adulto sofre a metamorfose e a fêmea adulta mantém a sua forma de lagarta (larva neotênica). Com um cesto bastante resistente contra inimigos naturais e inseticidas, o bicho do cesto possui um ciclo de vida longo (140 dias para machos e 151 dias para fêmeas) na fase larval o que o faz ser considerado uma praga desfolhadora de muitas culturas, visto que é uma espécie polífaga e de fácil adaptação a novas espécies hospedeiras.  Já há registros em 40 famílias botânicas onde a lagarta pode ser encontrada. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo apresentar novas interações e registros de O. kirbyi no município de Tangará da Serra/MT, e por meio de observações e pesquisa bibliográfica esse estudo resultou no registro de interação já conhecidas, que se trata da Ipomoea coccinea L., além de também ter registrado quatro novas interações entre O. kirbyi e suas plantas hospedeiras: Cattleya spp., Ruta graveolens, Piper hispidum e Malpighia spp.
Job Stress and Its Effects on Job Performance of Employees: Ghana Revenue Authority in Tamale Metropolis as a Case Study
Authors: Issahaku Adams , Ruhana Sein Alhassan
Published: April 2023

Competition among businesses in today’s ever-dynamic environment places a high demand and burden on employees. These demands induce stress on employees with the consequences of individual health challenges, family breakdown, pressure on social amenities, low productivity and profitability of firms. This study was undertaken to establish the implications of job-related stress on employees’ job performance. The sample comprises all workers of Ghana Revenue Authority (GRA) in Tamale, the Northern Region of Ghana. All employees (census) were used for the study and data was collected using both primary and secondary sources. The findings revealed that stress is a normal occurrence at the workplace that affects all people, regardless of their gender or socioeconomic class, hence, the need for management to formulate a good policy directed at reducing stress among workers, and encouraging high performance among workers. This will help reduce job-related stress. Managers must be dedicated to making adjustments that will assist workers to cope with some of the known stressors. It is recommended that managers should match individual capabilities with the tasks and duties allocated to avoid both physical, emotional and psychological pressure on the employee. Management should establish a congenial and collegial atmosphere for working and operate an open-door communication policy as a management style because this will ease pressure and tension since leadership style was cited as a stressor.
Assessment of the Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks from ECOWAS Member Countries to Nigeria
Authors: Ohaegbu Nnaemeka Emmanuel. , Akanegbu Benedict Ndubuisi.
Published: April 2023

The paper evaluated the effects of monetary policy shocks from ECOWAS Member Countries to Nigeria using a combination of quarterly, annual time-series and panel data spanning from 1995–2021. The Standard Global Vector-Autoregressive (GVAR) Model of analysis was used to draw structural inference for the study using data on: consumer prices, international commodity prices (oil, agricultural raw material and metal ore), exchange rate, interest rate (short and long run), real output, money supply, and export diversification index. The result of the Impulse Response Function (IRF) revealed that shocks resulting from monetary policy transmission from the ECOWAS member Countries to Nigeria has diverse effects on Nigeria and is largely determined by the extent of monetary policy accommodative stance. The shock that may occur is likely to be country-specific because ECOWAS is an economic union that hardly has the foundation to share common economic or monetary risk. Additionally, the extent of trade flow between Nigeria and the rest of ECOWAS, determines the tendency that such shocks affect Nigeria. Finally, whether ECOWAS is a shock source, or a channel of transmission determines how much of an impact shocks from that region will have.
Choice of Study and Profession by Greek Secondary Education Students: A Study of the Factors Influencing Their Choices
Authors: Saragatsi Stella , Kyridis Argyrios , Christos Zagkos , Ioannis Kamarianos
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, students are required to make some decisions at quite a young age, first of all, regarding their education, followed by a series of career decisions that will be critical for them later in life. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the social and personal factors that affect students in making their education and career related decisions, with a focus on students attending the country's high schools.In the first part, which is the theoretical part, the concepts of professional development, maturity, and career choice are presented. After that, the factors are presented that determine both the education and career related decisions of students. In specific, various personal factors are analyzed; for example, biological factors, such as gender, physical characteristics, aptitudes, etc. In addition, acquired factors, such as skills, values, interests, and so on, are presented.The second part of the article follows, which is the research part. In order to investigate the factors that affect adolescents in their education and career related decisions, qualitative research was conducted. More specifically, 35 interviews were taken from students attending the 3rd Grade of High School, which were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Compared to earlier research, where there was direct and strong involvement of parents in the decisions made by young people, nowadays, there is evidence of young people's effort to differentiate from their parents' beliefs, and become independent from the family environment. As a final word, in the end of the article, the conclusions of our research will be listed.
Rezension von: Prinzing, Marlies, Strom für das Neckarland
Authors: Arnold Kerstin , Prinzing Marlis
Published: April 2023

Marlies Prinzing: Strom für das Neckarland. Die Geschichte der Neckarwerke von 1900 bis 1945. Scripta Mercaturae Verlag St. Katharinen 2000. 539 Seiten. Broschiert € 44,00. ISBN 3-89590-097-4
REFLEXOS DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 EM PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA
Authors:   LITERACIA CIENTÍFICA EDITORA & CURSOS, Cavalcante Alice Ribeiro , Ferreira Thiago Santiago , Sousa Cleiciane da Silva , Feitosa Valéria de Albuquerque Sousa
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a narrative, descriptive and qualitative review, based on electronic databases, applying the descriptors: “COVID-19”, “Diabetes mellitus” and “Pandemic”, inserted in combination with the controlled Boolean operator “AND” . Only studies published in English and Portuguese between 2020 and 2022 were considered. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: According to the findings, it was observed that diabetic patients, in the pandemic context, were an impacted group, especially with regard to the mental health and lifestyle of the population, especially in terms of diet and physical activity. Thus, the pandemic strongly demonstrated the need for multidisciplinary care for patients with diabetes. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Individuals with diabetes, during the COVID-19 pandemic, showed increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, changes in sleep and eating disorders, associated with social isolation measures. In view of this, the creation of strategies and comprehensive lines of care aimed at promoting health and adequately coping with the current context in which we live and that can minimize the psychosocial impacts caused by the pandemic in this population segment becomes essential.
Conclusive forms for present and future tenses
Authors:   Institute for Bulgarian Language, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Moskova Mihaela
Published: April 2023

The conclusive (inferential) is one of the controversial categories in Bulgarian, the most obvious being the disagreements on its the temporal paradigm, and at the center of this dispute stands the question of the existence of conclusive forms in the present and future tense plan. This work examines uses of the conclusive (inferential) forms in these tenses in order to explore and describe their specificities and to demonstrate that, although often admirative, such forms do exist. The first part of the work presents the accepted views on the semantics of the conclusive, the second part offers some analysis of examples, containing conclusive present and future, and in the last part, brief conclusions are drawn.
Empirical research among 8th grade students to determine their opinion and attitude towards the studied plots in Old Bulgarian Literature and Biblical texts in the curriculum
Authors:   Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Smailov Radoslav
Published: April 2023

An empirical study is being conducted among 8th grade students to establish opinions and attitudes towards the studied plots in Old Bulgarian literature. In the non-representative survey conducted among 24 Bulgarian students of the 8th grade in the “Vasil Levski” PPMG, the city of Smolyan, it was established that their attitudes are related to a positive attitude towards the material studied in the “Middle Ages” section, and that the old Bulgarian works help to build of a valuable worldview related to faith as a fundamental and most important value in human life. In this way, worldview ideas and ethical and moral postulates are incorporated in the students, which they transfer to modern society for the realization of effective and successful social-communicative practices.
The language situation in the classroom and models of Bulgarian language learning in the initial stage
Authors:   New Bulgarian University, 21, Montevideo Blvd., Topolska Evgeniya
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the role of the language situation in the classroom for learning the Bulgarian language. The characteristics of a bilingual and multilingual classroom are indicated, which have a key role in planning and organizing the language learning. Various normative documents are presented, which provide support for a smooth transition to Bulgarian language learning at the primary stage for students with a different native /family language, and possibilities for implementing different models for language learning in a bilingual and multilingual classroom are discussed.
The classic writer's epistolary voice - with the rhythm of its time
Authors:   9th French Language High School “Alphonse de Lamartineˮ 35, Patriarch Evtimiy Blvd., Sofia, Bulgaria, Ignatov Vladimir
Published: April 2023

The article suggests an attempt to comment the book “Letters by Ivan Vazov” through three conceptual lines which are revealed in the personalistic approach of the compiler Prof. Nikolay Chernokozhev: the social and cultural atmosphere, the issues of works of art, personal experience. Thus, through the role and meaning of the letter as a genre, the poet’s social roles and inner world are analyzed.
Study guide with prominent functionality for the education of future teachers of Bulgarian language and literature
Authors:   Plovdiv University “Paisii Hilendarski”, Boykova Fani
Published: April 2023

The text presents the study guide Students' written texts in the junior high school stage of basic education” authored by Snezhanka Georgieva and is intended for students who are preparing to acquire a professional qualification for teachers of Bulgarian language and literature. Modern methodological research and productive innovative solutions for practice are presented. The theoretical statements are supported by rich illustrative material.
A prática da hospitalidade urbana e a perspectiva das Cidades Educadoras
Authors: Alves Alceli Ribeiro , Czajkowski Adriana
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de identificar e analisar publicações que demonstrem a aplicação da prática da hospitalidade urbana em espaços designáveis como hospitaleiros e acessíveis as pessoas, e sua relação com a perspectiva das Cidades Educadoras. A metodologia consiste de Revisão Sistemática de literatura. Os resultados nos mostram que as pesquisas sobre a hospitalidade urbana se concentram em países como Israel, Bélgica, Ucrânia, Brasil e Polônia. Em contrapartida, os estudos sobre cidades educadoras, majoritariamente, tiveram como base a Espanha. Constata-se que não há uma visão hegemônica entre os autores estudados, mas que é possível aproximar ambas as perspectivas. Apesar das descobertas, o estudo da hospitalidade urbana e de sua interseção com a perspectiva das Cidades Educadoras ainda é uma arena pouco explorada, necessitando que pesquisas futuras possam demonstrar o potencial dessa conexão, permitindo o desenvolvimento de práticas inovadoras e exitosas paras as cidades envolvidas.
Theoretical Framework of Knowledge Representation for Information Sharing
Authors: Bagatto Susan
Published: April 2023

Since information from enterprises should be shared and exchanged in order to be understood and recognized, whereby unambiguous and transparent data is considered a vital requirement, information sharing has become crucial to the correct use of information assets. Sharing information may be seen as the most significant component of a company. Sharing or integrating information is used to bring together seemingly unrelated bodies of knowledge in an effort to enhance creativity. Development and training programs, reports, Information Technology (IT) platforms, official papers, and collaborative teams are all instances of information integration. It is possible to boost product and service quality, customer service responsiveness, innovation, and environmental sustainability via pervasive information integration. In this article, we take a look back at the revolutionary idea underpinning internal communication networks for Knowledge Management (KM), and Knowledge Representation (KR).
Mind the Gap
Authors:   Character Lab, Mazar Asaf
Published: April 2023

My wife, Michelle, came downstairs with weary eyes. She had every right to be miffed. I’m a morning person and she’s a night owl, so every day I wake up before she does. As I go through my morning routine in the kitchen, grabbing pans, bowls, and spoons, I tend to loudly slam the cabinet doors.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO SENTIMENTO DE PERTENCIMENTO AO MEIO AMBIENTE: ESTADO DA ARTE
Authors: Furtado Dutra Carlos Antonio , Sousa Aguiar Thayslanne , Gonçalves Maria Claudia , Dziedizic Maurício
Published: April 2023

As interações do homem com a natureza, sua percepção acerca desta e como esse relacionamento ocorre necessitam ser melhor entendidas a fim de melhor informar estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável. O artigo apresenta as discussões acerca do sentimento de pertencimento e apego e as relações destes com o meio ambiente. Procurou-se estabelecer as referências teóricas sobre o sentimento de pertencimento ao meio ambiente, os princípios de pertencimento em geral e ao meio ambiente. Foram consultadas as bases de dados da CAPES, Scopus e SciELO. Os resultados mostram que as concepções acerca dos sentimentos de pertencimento podem ser empregadas como meio de análise em qualquer tipo de meio ambiente e não somente relacionados aos espaços verdes. Constatou-se, ainda, que o sentimento de pertencimento das pessoas ao meio ambiente ainda é um tema pouco explorado, principalmente em relação aos espaços verdes urbanos.
ANÁLISE DE IMAGENS BASEADA EM OBJETOS GEOGRÁFICOS: COMPARAÇÃO DE REGRAS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO DA COBERTURA DA TERRA
Authors: De Araujo Agnes Silva , Queiroz Alfredo Pereira
Published: April 2023

Os níveis de automação do processo de classificação das imagens de satélite variam muito entre as diferentes pesquisas. Contudo, inúmeros trabalhos demonstraram que os procedimentos semiautomáticos, como a Análise de Imagens Baseada em Objetos Geográficos (GEOBIA), produzem melhores resultados. Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar os parâmetros de classificação desenvolvidos por quatro analistas distintos, que se basearam na mesma chave de interpretação, aplicados em duas cenas de Marília - SP. Visa avaliar o potencial de transferência das regras de classificação entre as diferentes áreas. Os resultados mostraram que os analistas optaram por diferentes: conjuntos de regras, atributos quantificáveis, limiares e níveis hierárquicos. No entanto, os índices kappa das classificações foram considerados muito bons. E, os conjuntos de regras produzidos por três analistas apresentaram elevada capacidade de transferência entre as cenas analisadas. Essa constatação ressalta a relevância de criar bibliotecas específicas para compartilhar os referidos procedimentos.
O USO DO ÍNDICE ESPECTRAL DELTA ΔNBR UTILIZANDO DADOS SENTINEL 2 PARA IDENTIFICAR E DELIMITAR ÁREAS QUEIMADAS, UTILIZANDO COMO MODELO UMA ÁREA DO PANTANAL DE NHECOLÂNDIA, MATO GROSSO DO SUL
Authors: Pirajá Rennan Vilhena , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck , Matias Rosemary , Rezende Filho Ary Tavares
Published: April 2023

O Pantanal vem sendo atingido pelas piores secas na última década, além de incêndios florestais significativos que ameaçam a biodiversidade e as populações locais. Levando-se em consideração sua rica biodiversidade, objetivou-se realizar a análise e monitoramento do grau de severidade das queimadas, por meio da mensuração dos danos causados por incêndios florestais, em outubro de 2021, na Fazenda São Roque, localizada na área mais rica em ambientes heterogêneos do Pantanal: a Nhecolândia. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizaram os índices espectrais de queimadas Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) e o Delta Normalized Burn Ratio (ΔNBR), para avaliar os impactos ambientais ocorridos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a utilização das imagens do satélite Sentinel 2, na composição RGB, falsa-cor das bandas 12, 08 e 04, e o mapa de Grau de Severidade das Queimadas foram eficientes na identificação e análise da devastação relacionada ao incêndio ocorrido na propriedade. O uso destes índices permitiu distinguir as variações do incêndio florestal por intensidade de suas cicatrizes, além de sua quantificação. A aplicação dos índices também destacou de forma eficiente, no mapa temático de Grau de Severidades das Queimadas ΔNBR, as áreas não queimadas, como as lagoas, das áreas atingidas pelo fogo, sendo necessário apenas o ajuste na legenda para as classes “Alta Regeneração” por “Superfície Hídrica” e “Baixa Regeneração” por “Fitomassa Aquática”. Deste modo, a metodologia foi eficiente na avaliação dos danos causados por incêndios em regiões alagadas, permitindo identificar e quantificar tais eventos, tornando possível o mapeamento, de incêndios florestais e direcionando ações de monitoramento e recuperação de áreas afetadas.
CENTRALIDADE E O DINAMISMO SOCIOECONÔMICO DA MESORREGIÃO DIFERENCIADA BICO DO PAPAGAIO
Authors: Garcia Uelson Serra , Ferrera de Lima Jandir
Published: April 2023

Esse artigo teve como objetivo analisar a centralidade e o desenvolvimento socioeconômico da Mesorregião Diferenciada Bico do Papagaio. O procedimento metodológico foi a estimativa do Indicador de Centralidade e o Indicador de Disparidade Socioeconômica. Para a estimativa desses indicadores foram utilizados dados de Produto Interno Bruto, população e o Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM), de 2005 a 2016. Os principais resultados apontaram que a dinâmica do desenvolvimento municipal nem sempre é acompanhada do crescimento econômico, haja vista os municípios distinguirem-se quanto aos indicadores conforme a participação do PIB e do IFDM. Porém, a dinâmica do desenvolvimento socioeconômico é sustentada pela geração de emprego e renda. Isso significa que para os municípios mais desenvolvidos manterem seus indicadores de desenvolvimento socioeconômico, o crescimento do PIB acima das taxas de crescimento da população será necessário para garantir expansão da produção e, consequentemente, a arrecadação de impostos necessária para manter os investimentos com saúde e educação.
ANÁLISE DO EFEITO TOPOGRÁFICO SOBRE ÍNDICES DE VEGETAÇÃO UTILIZANDO IMAGENS RAPIDEYE NA SERRA DO MAR – PR
Authors: Frick Elaine De Cacia de Lima , Sampaio Tony Vinicius Moreira , Breunig Fabio Marcelo
Published: April 2023

Ao explorar dados espectrais da vegetação deve-se considerar eliminar ou reduzir os efeitos da geometria de iluminação e observação, bem como as implicações associadas aos efeitos topográficos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito topográfico sobre índices de vegetação (SR, NDVI, EVI e RENDVI) na região da Serra do Mar, no estado do Paraná, utilizando dados da constelação Rapideye, após o emprego dos métodos semiempíricos de correção topográfica Minnaert e Correção-C. Observou-se que os dois métodos de correção empregados diminuíram o efeito topográfico nas bandas, proporcionando diminuição no valor do desvio padrão, o que propiciou uma menor correlação entre o fator cosseno e a refletância. Para o método Minnaert observou-se uma diferença significativa (95% confiança) entre todas as bandas não corrigidas e as corrigidas topograficamente. Para o método da Correção-C, a diferença não foi significativa (p-value > 0,05) para as bandas Red-Edge e NIR. Na avaliação sobre os índices de vegetação calculados com as imagens sem e com correção topográfica, foi aplicado o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon, atestando que apenas a correção Minnaert apresentou uma diferença significativa de 95%, sendo para este estudo o método mais eficaz na redução do efeito topográfico. Apesar da magnitude do efeito das diferenças da métrica de Cohen (r) ter sido baixa, se faz necessária aplicação de métodos de correção topográfica para uma redução consistente do efeito topográfico nos índices de vegetação de terrenos acidentados, proporcionando a extração de informações espectrais mais fidedignas. Percebeu-se ainda que índices normalizados são menos sensíveis aos efeitos topográficos.
NOTA EDITORIAL - V.56
Authors: Sampaio Tony Vinicius Moreira
Published: April 2023

Nota Editorial
Role of Mg Gangue Minerals in Natural Analogue CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Declercq J. , Bowell R. , Brough C. , Barnes A. , Griffiths R.
Published: April 2023

Mineral carbonation reactions consume CO2 and thus have the potential for the long-term fixation of atmospheric CO2. This paper explores the possibility of integrating industrial-scale carbon storage into mining operations. Ultramafic rocks are typically considered to be one the most promising rocks for carbon capture and storage owing to their high content of Mg-bearing silicate minerals, such as forsterite (Mg2SiO4) and serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4). Beyond the thermodynamic considerations showing that magnesite (MgCO3) and quartz (SiO2) form from forsterite and serpentine alteration, the degree to which CO2 is carbonated depends on the kinetics of the reaction. For industrial carbon capture and storage to be viable, reasonable carbonation efficiency has to be achieved. To this effect, the reaction rates have to be increased, which can be achieved either by increasing the reactive surface area, increasing the reaction temperature, or using reagents to drive the reactions. However, these approaches are usually energy demanding or not efficient enough.

As part of its activities, the mining industry excavates tens or hundreds of million metric tons of rock per mine and in certain areas these mafic rock groups can represent a significant percentage of the waste material left on the surface. This could represent a locally important source of readily available material for carbon capture and storage if the conversion process is sufficiently efficient.

To test and quantify the carbonation potential of mine waste, a sample of serpentine skarn waste rock obtained from an iron ore mine in Sweden was reacted for 60 weeks in a laboratory humidity-cell test (HCT) at 20°C. The results show the dissolution of olivine, the precipitation of serpentine, an increase in the neutralization potential of the sample, and the appearance of inorganic carbon during the 60 weeks of testing. At ambient temperatures the sluggish precipitation kinetics of secondary phases will favor the formation of more hydrous Mg silicate phases, such as serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4), in place of Mg-bearing carbonates. This reaction lowers considerably the efficiency of forsterite carbonation, as only 25% of the Mg released from forsterite dissolution to form carbonate minerals. This study aims to model the carbonation efficiency of Mg silicates through the use of models supported by laboratory testwork and taking the example of a mine site in northern Sweden.

This study evaluates the reaction of CO2 with Mg-bearing silicate rocks and the demonstration that carbonation reactions occur with Mg silicate wastes consuming CO2. Consequently, weathering of waste rock may well represent an important sink for carbon in the environment.
Cognitive impairment among older adults with HIV: a systematic review protocol of cohort studies
Authors: Mahmud Ibrahim Clós , Lerner Erick da Rosa , Rodriguez Yindriana Laguna , Behar Paulo Renato Petersen , Schneider Rodolfo Herberto
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This review will determine whether the incidence of cognitive impairment in HIV patients aged ≥ 50 years is greater than that of their HIV-negative peers. Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases will be searched for studies with a sample of individuals aged ≥ 50 years or a mixed population with ≥ 50% aged ≥ 50 years). It will include studies that evaluate seropositive patients compared to and an unexposed control group. Study design: Cohort studies with follow-up ≥ 24 months will be included. Three reviewers will independently screen for eligibility criteria, extract data, and assess the risk of bias in the included studies, as well as evaluate the overall quality of evidence. A narrative synthesis will be prepared according to synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines. Expected results: We expect to find correlations between older age, HIV, and cognitive impairment. Relevance: The association of geriatric syndromes and HIV is becoming an important field of study. Increased life expectancy accompanied by an active sex life is contributing to this public health problem. This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022321914). This study was financed in part by the CAPES foundation (financial code: 001).
Analysis of the 996 Work System Based on the Freedom of Choice Theory
Authors: Fan Qing
Published: April 2023

In China, since a "996ICU" project released the news about the 996 work system of Internet companies in 2019, the discussion about the 996 work system has been in a craze and becomes a social topic. According to the law, the 996 work system is illegal, but even if it is illegal, the 996 work system has been adopted by many enterprises and even becomes the "mainstream" consciousness spreading from Internet enterprises to various industries. There are many reasons behind this incredible phenomenon. Freedom of choice theory is one of the main theories to explain the phenomenon of the 996 work system at present, and it is also one of the reasons promoting the 996 work system to be a "mainstream" consciousness. In fact, the 996 work system violates the law and social development trend, which will bring many negative effects to employees, enterprises and society. In this regard, the government, trade unions, enterprises and employees should take corresponding measures to curb the negative impact of the 996 work system and jointly create a normal and orderly working environment.
A Machine Learning Approach to Detecting Deepfake Videos: An Investigation of Feature Extraction Techniques
Authors:   Sheetla college of education, Rohtak, Haryana, India, Singh Preeti ,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology agra College Agra,   VIPS-TC, School of engineering and technology, Delhi, India,   School of Computer and Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India,   Cybersecurity Department, Benedict College, Columbia, USA, Chaudhary Khyati , Chaudhary Gopal , Khari Manju , Rawal Bharat
Published: April 2023

Deepfake videos are a growing concern today as they can be used to spread misinformation and manipulate public opinion. In this paper, we investigate the use of different feature extraction techniques for detecting deepfake videos using machine learning algorithms. We explore three feature extraction techniques, including facial landmarks detection, optical flow, and frequency analysis, and evaluate their effectiveness in detecting deepfake videos. We compare the performance of different machine learning algorithms and analyze their ability to detect deepfakes using the extracted features. Our experimental results show that the combination of facial landmarks detection and frequency analysis provides the best performance in detecting deepfake videos, with an accuracy of over 95%. Our findings suggest that machine learning algorithms can be a powerful tool in detecting deepfake videos, and feature extraction techniques play a crucial role in achieving high accuracy.
Enhancing Cyber Threat Intelligence Sharing through a Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning Approach
Authors:   Ministry of communication and information technology, Egypt, Sleem Ahmed ,   Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqiyah, 44519, Egypt  Emails: Ahmedsleem8000@gmail.com;  ielhenawy@zu.edu.eg, Elhenawy Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a privacy-preserving federated learning approach to enhance cyber threat intelligence sharing. Cyber threats are becoming more sophisticated and are posing serious security risks to organizations. Sharing threat intelligence information can help to detect and mitigate these threats quickly. However, privacy concerns and data protection regulations hinder the sharing of sensitive information. Federated learning is a promising approach that allows multiple parties to collaborate in building a global model while preserving data privacy. We propose a framework that utilizes federated learning to train a global threat intelligence model without compromising the privacy of individual organizations' data. Our approach also includes a differential privacy mechanism to ensure the anonymity of the participating organizations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through experiments conducted on real-world datasets, showing that it achieves high accuracy while maintaining data privacy. The proposed approach has the potential to facilitate more effective and secure cyber threat intelligence sharing among organizations.
Experiences of nurses returning to work after the second/third childbirth and organizational support in Southeastern China: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Ye Huiwen , Zou Ping , D’Souza Daniel , Xu Wenjing , Shen Xiaowen , Zhang Zhengzhou , Zhang Chunmei
Published: April 2023

Background: Since China encounters challenges of the aging population, especially a decrease in the working-age population, the Chinese government officially ended the one-child policy and has implemented the second/third child policies. This study aimed to explore nurses’ experiences, the supports they received from hospitals, and the supports they expected when returning to work after the second/third childbirth.Methods: Asynchronous focus groups and one-on-one in-person interviews were held with nurses from three hospitals in Wenzhou city who had returned to work within three months following their second/third childbirth. Data collection and analysis were conducted using Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as a guiding framework.Results: Twenty-three nurses were included in this study. Themes emerged around five needs, including physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Regarding these needs, nurses expressed receiving some support, including support from managers and colleagues and flexible scheduling assignments. However, there was also a lack of other supports, including dedicated time and space for breastfeeding, parental leave, nearby and affordable childcare, unit assignment and working schedules considering individual circumstances, mental health support, and opportunities for professional development.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the necessity to dedicate resources to support the diverse needs of returning nurse mothers such that they can balance family life and work. While longer-duration studies with larger sample sizes in other regions of China are needed, our findings also suggest future studies on exploring third childbirth experiences, evaluating supportive interventions, and creating a specific theoretical model on the comprehensive needs of nurses returning to work after childbirth.
Women and the Trauma of War in Beirut Hellfire Society: A Gender Study
Authors: Koubar Souhair Hassan
Published: April 2023

This article examines the traumatic effects of the Lebanese civil war on women in Rawi Hage’s novel Beirut Hellfire Society (2018). It explores women’s madness and gender identity disorder as two effects of war trauma and examines how indulgence in orgiastic acts of self-annihilation and sexual transgression is a means of countering this trauma. The article also depicts sexuality as one cause of women’s exclusion in war making their bodies simultaneously vulnerable and defiant to all forms of sexual assault exacerbated in times of war. The gender studies approach that focuses on women identities in real wars is used to analyze the women characters in this novel. It aims to show how these traumatic effects and the civil war repercussions pertain to the gender hierarchy of power and the gendered social constructions prevailing before and not during the civil war.
Flipped Classroom: An Effective Methodology to Improve Writing Skills of EFL Students
Authors: Mohammad Taj , Khan Soada Idris
Published: April 2023

This study proposes a flipped classroom methodology in the context of a group pre/post-quasi-experimental study to improve the writing skills of EFL students, with a particular emphasis on writing topic sentences, supporting sentences, concluding sentences, adjectives, adverbs, and sentence structures correctly. The research sample consisted of 25 EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students studying the course titled “Technical Report Writing,” adopting flipped classroom methodology. The effectiveness of students' writing skills before and after the experiment was evaluated by researchers through pre- and post-experimental exams. Results for the post-test were influenced by the dependent-sample t-test. It was determined that the flipped classroom remarkably improved EFL students' writing abilities. Other EFL teaching and learning challenges may be addressed through implications with the additional study into flipped classroom approaches.
Способ получения автоклавных строительных материалов на основе промышленных отходов
Authors: Аракелян Александр , Князян Николай , Назарян Эдита , Агамян Эллада , Арустамян Аннета , Макарян Ирина
Published: April 2023

Разработан способ производства автоклавных строительных материалов на основе промыш­ленных отходов. Изучены физико-химические свойства используемых отходов и на их основе разработана технология для указанных материалов. В качестве вяжущего была использована цементная пыль, которая образуется в больших количествах при производстве цемента и загряз­няет окружающую среду. Приводятся результаты исследований по разработке составов автоклавных строительных материалов на основе осадка, полученного после мокрого улавливания цемент­ной пыли и пыли, уловленной электрофильтрами. С целью замены кварцевого песка, коли­чест­во которого в мире резко сокращается, были использованы отходы с содержанием SiO2: цемент­ная пыль, пыль после мокрого улавливания и добавка в виде отработанного бетона. Прочность полученного изделия после 28 суточного твердения на воздухе при сжатии составила 25 МПа, водопоглощение - 13%.
Isolate or combined use of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: a concise systematic review
Authors: Manna Camila Alves , Costa Monique , Alves Filho Carlos Alberto , Beneti Igor Mariotto
Published: April 2023

Introduction: In the context of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common disease in the oral and maxillofacial regions, as well as being the most severe type. The incidence of TMD is high, affecting approximately 5%-12% of the population. There is evidence for the potential superiority of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in patients with TMJOA. Objective: This study aimed to carry out a systematic review to highlight the main clinical outcomes of the minimally invasive treatment of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint through the injectable use of platelet-rich plasma. Methods: The research and development of the work were carried out from December 2022 to March 2023 in the Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scielo databases, using scientific articles from 2011 to 2022, following the PRISMA rules. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias by the Cochrane instrument (Funnel Plot). Results and Conclusion: It was found 134 studies that underwent eligibility analysis. The final sample had 48 eligible studies and only 25 studies were described in the systematic review. Most studies showed homogeneity in their results, with X2 =91.2% >50%, with p<0.05. The symmetrical funnel plot did not suggest a risk of bias among studies with small sample sizes. Based on the objective of the present study, important clinical outcomes of the treatment of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint were evidenced through the injectable use of platelet-rich plasma, alone or in combination with other types of treatment. However, it was observed that despite the extensive literature on the use of PRP in the treatment of joint disorders, its application in TMD is still largely unexplored.
Smart Inventory Management System with Forecasting Technique Applied to Efficiently Handle Industrial Asset
Authors: Chowdhury Mosaddek Hasan , Ahmed Tasfia , Rahman Md Bayazid , Islam A H M Saiful
Published: April 2023

Managing inventory has become increasingly complex and intriguing in today’s business landscape. Companies are striving to optimize their warehousing while balancing various costs. As a result, inventory management is crucial to maintain product quality and meeting customer demands. This paper outlines an effective inventory management system that incorporates demand forecasting to prevent the issues of overstocking or understocking. Furthermore, a performance analysis illustrates how the inventory management system has become essential to the industry sector.