bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of progressive muscular relaxation and stretching exercises combination on blood pressure among farmers in rural areas of Indonesia: a randomized study†
Authors: Susanto Tantut , Purwandari Retno , Wuryaningsih Emi Wuri , Watanabe Hirohito , Kazawa Kana , Moriyama Michiko
Published: January 2022

Objective

Maintaining blood pressure (BP) could improve the quality of life among farmers in agricultural health. The study aims to evaluate the effects of progressive muscular relaxation and stretching exercises (SEs) for BP in farmer subjects in rural areas.

Methods

A randomized controlled design was applied for this study. We performed a method, which is the combination of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and SEs for participants (30 in the control group and 60 in the intervention group). The intervention group self-practiced PMR and SEs through a video that providing instructions for 15 min. PMR practiced before going to sleeping in the night, and SEs practiced before going to farms in the morning per day for 3-months. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to measure the difference between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) as one pre- and post-test comparison of baseline and 3 months data in control and intervention groups.

Results

There were no significant differences between SBP and DBP pre- and post-test in control group (P > 0.050). Meanwhile, there were significant differences in reducing SBP (M = 126.67; SD = 18.07; 95% CI = 120–147.5 mmHg) and DBP (M = 80.67; SD = 6.91; 95% CI = 80–90 mmHg) pre- and post-test combination of PMR and SEs in intervention group (P < 0.001). After 3-months of follow-up data, number type SBP and DBP still remained at the same levels of baseline and 3-month data in control group. While, there was an increased number of normal and prehypertension for SBP and DBP (10% vs. 10% and 20% vs. 31.6%) and reduced of hypertension stage I for SBP and DBP (30% vs. 41.6%).

Conclusions

This pilot study demonstrated effectively to reduce SBP and DBP among farmers using the combination of PMR and SEs in the agricultural health setting.
Emotional intelligence and its impacts on the clinical performance of nurses in general public hospitals
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Piro Rasoul Sabri , Yaseen Yousif Ali
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The nursing profession is considered to be at a high risk of workplace stress, workload, and burnout due to the high job demands. The nurses require the appropriate and prompt coping mechanisms to relieve the effects of stress. The nurses have to be emotionally intelligent to overcome the work-related stress to meet the clinical-based duties. But there is a paucity of the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) on the clinical performance of nurses in the literature. Therefore, the role of dimensions of EI in the improvement of clinical performance of nurses was explored in this study.

Methods

A total of 194 nurses with different education levels and experiences were included from various clinical departments and shifts of public hospitals in Iraqi Kurdistan.

Results

The mean age of the nurses was 29.44 years, with ages ranging from 23 years to 36 years. The nurses were men (56.70%), married (53.10%), non-smokers (86.10%), physically active (55.70%), and irregular physically active (63.90%). Nurses were able to appraise their own emotions but not the emotions of other nurses. They regulated their own emotions but were weak in regulating the emotions of other nurses. They did not utilize emotions in coming up with new ideas and facing obstacles in clinical settings. Generally, the nurses reported that a little clinical performance is required in medical settings. The levels of interpersonal communication and problem solving were improved with an increasing appraisal and regulating own emotions. The level of problem solving was improved with appraising own emotions and utilizing emotions in facing obstacles.

Conclusions

Nurses need to know how to regulate others’ emotions and utilize these emotions in coming up with new ideas and facing the obstacles positively in medical settings.
Depressive symptoms and their associated factors in heart failure patients
Authors: He Deng-Xin , Pan Ming-Hao
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Depressive symptoms are common in heart failure (HF) patients and they may exacerbate the progression of HF. Thus, identifying associations with depressive symptoms is essential to develop effective interventions to alleviate patients’ depressive symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the factors related to HF patients’ depressive symptoms.

Methods

Potential hospitalized patients were recruited from a university-affiliated hospital by convenience sampling. This study included 321 HF patients who had completed information about depressive symptoms, functional capacity, social support, dispositional optimism, self-care confidence, and health literacy. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample. Independent group t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to assess the difference in depressive symptoms score in demographic and clinical characteristics, while Pearson's correlation was used to assess the associations among continuous variables.

Results

The scores for functional capacity, social support, dispositional optimism, self-care confidence, and health literacy were negatively associated with the score for depressive symptoms. The interaction effect between the functional capacity and the dispositional optimism on depressive symptoms was significant.

Conclusions

Interventions targeted improving the above-mentioned factors may be beneficial to reduce depressive symptoms in HF patients.
Factors associated with active aging in Chinese elderly in rural areas of Xiangtan County, China†
Authors: Fu Xue-Lian , Li Jian-Guang , Su Yin-Li , Wang Hong-Hong , Guo Yang , Liu Li-Qiong , Zeng Chun-Yan
Published: January 2022

Objectives

To explore the level of active aging and correlates among rural elderly in Xiangtan County, China.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to November 2019. A total of 945 rural elderly from 3 towns in Xiangtan County, China, were investigated by using the positive aging evaluation questionnaire (PAEQ), the activity of daily living scale (ADL), and the depression in old-age scale (DIA-S).

Results

The average score in the PAEQ among the rural elderly of Xiangtan County was 72.81 (range = 21–105). A moderate negative correlation was found between the score in the PAEQ and those in the ADL (r = −0.361) and DIA-S (r = −0.495). Symptoms of depression (β: −0.321, P = 0.001), number of chronic diseases (β: −0.281, P = 0.001), subjective economic status (β: 0.239, P = 0.001), ADL (β: −0.196, P = 0.001), education (β: 0.126, P = 0.001), number of children (β: 0.097, P = 0.001), and marital status (β: −0.060, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with levels of active aging in rural elderly, whereas gender and age were not independently related to active aging.

Conclusions

The level of active aging is at a moderately high level in the Chinese elderly in rural areas in Xiangtan County. The focus group of active aging in rural areas should be elderly people suffering from chronic diseases, physical decline, poor education and economic conditions, childlessness, and those without partners.
Rescue of a patient with a 50 cm broken PICC tube retracted and wrapped in pulmonary artery: a case report
Authors: Yang Sha , Yu Ren-Tao , Zhang Hui-Lan , Jiang Xue , You Jian-Ping
Published: January 2022

Objective

With the increasing use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in clinical application, the breaking of the PICC is increasing as well, which would turn into the emboli and drift to the heart and pulmonary artery, causing severe consequences. However, few cases have been reported on the rescue of patients with a broken PICC.

Patient concerns

A 33-year-old man, diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B-related decompensated cirrhosis and cryptococcal meningitis, was treated with amphotericin B combined with flucytosine and fluconazole by means of PICC catheterization. The patient was discharged with a catheter; when he returned for re-examination, a 50cm length of PICC broke and slipped into the vein after his sudden dysphoria. First aid was immediately administered, and then the intervention therapy to extricate the tube, including pulmonary artery angiography and intravascular removal of foreign matter, was performed based on the consensus of the in-hospital vein treatment group. At last, the broken PICC fragment was successfully taken out of the vessel. Re-examination after surgery showed that he recovered well.

Conclusions

Once the catheter is broken, the X-ray examination should be performed at the first instance and re-examined frequently. Moreover, the involvement of a multidisciplinary team should be formed to decide the appropriate method of treatment to ensure a successful rescue.
Germinoma occurring 9 years after surgical resection of a mature pineal teratoma: a case report
Authors: Meouchy Paul El , Bejjani Noha , Nader Maroun Abou , Farah Roula
Published: January 2022

Background:

Mature teratomas are common tumors in the pediatric population. They can arise in the central nervous system and often require surgical resection. They are classified as non-germinomatous germ cell tumors and their recurrence are extremely rare.

Case Presentation:

We are reporting the case of a 6-year-old boy who was diagnosed with mature pineal teratoma after he presented with signs of acute hydrocephalus. Histopathology did not reveal any other germ cell tumor component. He underwent a complete resection of the mass, with no adjuvant chemotherapy. Nine years post-operatively, magnetic resonance imaging results showed recurrence of the pineal tumor as a germinoma. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy resulted in significant shrinkage of the mass and resolution of the clinical symptoms.

Conclusion:

This case illustrates the possibility of the late recurrence of a germinoma after the complete removal of a mature intracranial teratoma. It also raises the issue of whether mature teratomas should be treated with adjuvant therapy after surgical resection to prevent their recurrence as another germ cell tumor.
PEMBELAJARAN DARING BERBASIS GOOGLE CLASSROOM PADA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT SISWA KELAS 6 MI MUHAMMADIYAH 5 SURABAYA
Authors: Mardiana Mardiana , Dian Ayu Afiani Kunti , Martati Badruli
Published: January 2022

Pandemi virus corona-19 telah memberikan dampak yang luar biasa bagi banyak negara yang ada di dunia dan memengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satunya pendidikan. Dikarenakan pandemi wabah ini, pendidikan tidak lagi dapat dilakukan di sekolah melainkan diharuskan melalui daring untuk memutus rantai penyebaran virus tersebut. Pembelajaran daring yang peneliti lakukan ialah dengan menggunakan aplikasi google classroom karena dirasa paling mudah digunakan untuk anak-anak sekolah dasar kelas 6 di MI Muhammadiyah 5 Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Mendeskripsikan respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring menggunakan aplikasi google classroom dan whatsapp (2) Menganalisa hasil belajar kelas menggunakan pembelajaran daring dengan google form. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripsi kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring  dan pengumpulan data penilaian harian untuk mengukur pemahaman materi bilangan bulat. Adapun hasil penelitian antara lain (1) Respon siswa dengan indikator pertama terkait minat siswa terhadap pembelajaran daring berbasis google classroom cukup tinggi dan merasa bahwa pembelajaran berbasis google classroom sangat mudah digunakan serta dapat diakses kapan saja. Selanjutnya indikator kedua terkait fasilitas yang memadai dalam mendukung pembelajaran daring berbasis google classroom ini sudah cukup baik, meskipun masih ada beberapa siswa yang terkendala jaringan yang tidak stabil. Indikator ketiga terkait peran serta orang tua dalam pembelajaran daring berbasis google classroom ini masih perlu ditingkatkan karena masih sekitar 50 % lebih saja yang sudah mendampingi putra putri dalam pembelajaran daring (2) Hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran daring berbasis google classroom untuk materi bilangan bulat sudah baik dengan rata-rata nilai per kelas sekitar 76, sehingga dapat disimpulkan siswa kelas 6 sudah memahami materi bilangan bulat melalui pembelajaran daring.

 

Kata kunci : Pembelajaran Daring, Google Classroom, Respon Siswa, Hasil Belajar
The Effects of Electrical Conductivity on Fluid Flow between Two Parallel Plates in a Porous Medioum
Authors: Hammodat Alaa , Algwauish Ghanim , Al-Obaidi Iman
Published: January 2022

This paper deals with a mathematical model of a fluid flowing between two parallel plates in a porous medium under the influence of electromagnetic forces (EMF). The continuity, momentum, and energy equations were utilized to describe the flow. These equations were stated in their nondimensional forms and then processed numerically using the method of lines. Dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles were also investigated due to the impacts of assumed parameters in the relevant problem. Moreover, we investigated the effects of Reynolds number , Hartmann number M, magnetic Reynolds number , Prandtl number , Brinkman number , and Bouger number , beside those of new physical quantities (N , ). We solved this system by creating a computer program using MATLAB.
Concealing a Secret Message in a Colour Image Using an Electronic Workbench
Authors: Ali Maysa Abdel , Al-Abayji Ashwaq
Published: January 2022

Steganography is the art of concealing security data in media, such as pictures, audio, video, text, and protocols. The objective of this paper is hiding a secret message in a colour image to prevent an attacker from accessing the message. This is important because more people use the Internet all the time and network connections are spread around the world. The hidden secret message uses two general algorithms that are embedded and extracted. This paper proposes a new algorithm to conceal a secret message in a colour image in LSB. This algorithm includes three phases: 1) dividing the colour image into a number of blocks, 2) concealing the secret message, and 3) transmitting the stego-image from the sender in a multiplexer network and receiving it through a demultiplexer network using an electronic workbench. The outcome of the new algorithm demonstrates good efficiency, high security, and robustness and is executed quickly. The system is evaluated through the measurements of mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, correlation, histogram, and capacity.
The impact of Environmental Disclosure on Cleaner Production Techniques/an Exploratory Study
Authors: Hamad Shahla Abdulwahid
Published: January 2022

The study deals with the extent of the impact of environmental disclosure on cleaner production techniques, and in order to prove the hypothesis of the study, a link to the questionnaire was published on social networking sites and it was answered by 54

respondents, and then the researcher analyzed the results by relying on the SPSS statistical program, and the study found To a series of results, the most important of which is that environmental disclosure has an impact on the reliability of cleaner production, and at the end of the study a set of recommendations were developed, the most important of which is that companies disclose their environmental performance because they have a role in the reliability of cleaner production and the introduction of the issue of accounting in the curricula of universities and institutes.
العلاقة بين التحفظ والتحوط المحاسبي دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من المصارف العراقية
Authors: عماش مصطفى بدر , حسين علي
Published: January 2022

The research aims to test the relationship between accounting conservatism and hedging in the Iraqi banking sector. The research dealt with a sample of (12) banks listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange from 2009-2019, with (132) views, and the(unconditional) accounting conservatism was identified. As an independent variable andaccounting hedging as a dependent variable, the (unconditional) accountingconservatism was measured through the market value model to the book, while the accounting hedging was measured as a dummy dust, and the results indicated a statistically significant correlation between accounting conservatism and accounting hedging.  orientation of the study sample towards proactive accounting conservatism according to its unconditional scale leads to a reduction in the adoption of accounting hedging tools in managing the risks of financial instruments. The reason for this may be due to the presence of a high level of accounting conservatism that makes the bank safe sort of a lot of dangers. Which contributes to reducing reliance on accounting hedging tools.However, this relationship turns out to be negative, that is, the increasing
Feldstein-Horioka Bulmacası (FHB): G8 Ülkeleri üzerine bir analiz
Authors: BERKMAN Ayberk Nuri
Published: January 2022

1970’lerin sonundan itibaren Bretton Woods sisteminin çökmesi ve küresel bütünleşmenin özellikle son elli yılda önemli ölçüde artmasıyla birlikte finansal serbestleşme ve küreselleşme hız kazanmıştır. Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve portföy yatırımları açısından yabancı sermaye akımları, özellikle yüksek büyüme oranlarına sahip, nispeten ucuz ancak nitelikli işgücüne sahip gelişmekte olan piyasalarda artmıştır. Feldstein ve Horioka (1980) çalışmasında temel olarak tasarruflardan yatırımlara doğru bir içsel ilişki olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Uluslararası iktisat ve Makroekonomik süreçlerle sofistike ilişkiler silsilesi ile açıklanabilen bu ilişki literatürde Feldstein – Horioka Bulmacası (FHB) olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışma, G8 ülkelerindeki (ABD, Almanya, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Japonya, Kanada ve Rusya) ulusal tasarruflar ve yatırımlar arasındaki uzun dönemli ilişkiyi incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. 1996 – 2020 dönemleri için yıllık frekanstaki verilerden yararlanılarak yatay kesit bağımlılığı, delta homojenliği, Pesaran (2007) CIPS birim kök sınamaları ve Westerlund (2007) ve Westerlund ve Edgerton (2007) Bootstrap Panel Eşbütünleşme testleri ve son olarak Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse(2011) Nedensellik Testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar G8 ülkelerinde FHB’nin önemli ölçüde mevcut olmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Buna göre tasarruflardan yatırımlara doğru bir aktarımına ilişkin kanıtlara rastlanamamıştır.
Surrealism, an Exalting Freedom: The Sexual and Erotic Dimension
Authors: Kuçuku Bora
Published: January 2022

This article aims at exploring the sexual factor, which sensitized and even scandalized the contemporaries of Surrealism. The tendency for a different kind of freedom put the Surrealist movement at the forefront of the changes that happened in the twentieth century. The Surrealists became aware that sexuality was becoming a source of huge scandals and debates and they thought of using it as an “attack” weapon. In the Second Surrealist Manifesto, Breton calls upon every Surrealist “to level at the breed of ‘moral duties’ the long-range weapon of sexual cynicism ».
A Synthesis of Psychological Aspects with the Sociological Constrains in Arthur Miller Tragedies
Authors: Turku Marsela
Published: January 2022

This paper analyses the amalgam of psychological elements with the social realism where his characters are placed. The paper focuses on the inner conflicts of the characters and points out the literary devices that Miller uses to bring to life. Miller’s drama embodies the Freudian concept of human psychological nature and the father-son conflict which is present at his most successful works. These conflicts are evident in "The Crucible," "All My Sons," "The Death of a Commissioner," "View from the Bridge," "After the Fall," and "Descent from Mount Morgan.” In the plays where this conflict is not the primary conflict, it serves as a bases where other inner conflicts are grown.
Sustainability in the Companies Practices
Authors: Zhivkova Stela
Published: January 2022

The sustainability topic is present in our everyday life. No matter if we are traveling in the public transport, we are having coffee with friends or watching tv we hear something related to green economy, sustainable usage of resources or smart energy saving devices. All ads that we see around us, in one way or another, also are calling to be environmentally friendly and sustainable. On national and international level, there are a lot of regulations and requirements developed and enforced both for the business and for the citizens. In the general case, it is commonly accepted, that the companies are taking actions in the field of sustainable development only because they are forced to do so by legislative requirements and penalties. But is it always the case? The paper discusses the main idea standing behind the sustainable development and presents some of the models that summarizes this idea. Further, by reviewing the practices of three large companies in different economic fields, it discusses their approach and attitude towards the subject.
The “Sustainable Destination Structure” for Sustainable Tourist Demand - Selective Marketing for Sustainable Tourism Demand for Unpolluted Areas
Authors: Jaho Ines Ana Maria
Published: January 2022

Observing the recent developments of the demand for tourist products, we notice some very important changes in the tourists’ preferences of consumption toward a different sense of quality, asking for new quality models based on virginity, pure nature, highly maintained clean spaces, authenticity, cultural heritage and high responsibility and consciousness on sustainability. The natural environment represents the main resource to this demand on many tourism destinations. This is related to the fact that tourists increasingly are interested in spending their holidays in unspoiled natural territories. To this end, destination managers recently are under increased pressure to improve their eco-quality, maximize the hygiene, as well as to implement ecologically sustainable practices and systems. Based and stimulated by this evidence, a process of selective targeting/segmentation of tourist market could be an approach to sustainable destination management, both generally in the international market, but very promising to the Albanian case of the tourist sector future development, focusing at the region of Elbasan. Considering and analyzing the ecological footprint of Albania, and particularly that of Elbasan region, this paper will try to test these possibilities. To observe the feasibility of this approach, the study will be focused on tourists, between Albanians and foreign visitors, regarding their main reasons of returning in the same destinations. The questions to be treated will be mainly focused on the quality of the tourist services, the environmentally friendly behavior, as well as psychographic, behavioral, and socio-demographic personal characteristics of the tourists. Focusing and deepening in sustainable tourism destinations’ management could foster the increase in the number of day-vacations for one year, strongly also influencing the normal development of the supporting industries. This asks for techniques which focus on eco-tourism and sustainability at the destinations, even why the tourist himself generally may not necessarily be interested in protecting and caring to the local environment. In conclusion, the study confirms the increasing trend of the orientation of the tourist demand toward unpolluted destinations and attractions, as well as the tendency to safeguard the environment and to use sustainable tourist resources
Impact of Legal Incentives on “Credit Fraud” Criminal Offence
Authors: Balla Rezana , Yaakub Kamarul Bahari
Published: January 2022

Currently, the number of financial institutions has been increased in Albania, which provides Albanian citizens with access to various financial services, mainly to obtain financing services in the form of microcredit. Given the history of our people, not all the Albanian citizens have had opportunity to have access and to benefit from various financial services. Denial of financial services is an issue that has affected not only Albania, but also other small Balkan countries. The reasons for this denial are numerous, but among them, we can distinguish the lack of lending experience, as one of the common reasons for being excluded in these countries from the development of the financial sector. Taking into consideration that, the growth of financial institutions led to the growth of financial services by raising awareness and financial education of citizens. Finally, the Bank of Albania , as the supervisor of financial activities, intends to set a ceiling on the interest of consumer loans provided by non-bank financial institutions and commercial banks in Albania. This paper aims to present through a professional legal treatment all the challenges of the legal and institutional framework of the Bank of Albania, itself in undertaking this initiative. The questions we intend to answer through this paper are: Is the Bank of Albania legitimized to set a ceiling interest rate for consumer credit? What are the benefits or challenges that this initiative will bring to the financial sector? How will this regulation affect the criminal offense of "Credit Fraud"? How will the financial industry be designed after the implementation of the initiative? Will it have any impact on customer beneficial? etc.
Informing Young Girls about the Risk of HPV Infection in Developing Cervical Cancer and Preventing
Authors: Nallbani Genta , Agolli Lindita
Published: January 2022

This study aims to provide detailed information about HPV as a widespread sexually transmitted infection, which is considered one of the most important factors in the occurrence of cervical cancer in young girls,emphasizing the connection between infection.Participants were 126 randomly choosed young girls at the master's level student at Sport University of Tirana.Date were collected using a questionnaire investigating risk factors as well as knowledge on this sexually transmitted infection of HPV where through a descriptive and informative letter which was distributed to all girls participating in this study.From this study it was observed that a significant number of them were aware of the virus and ways of transmission 81 girls (64.28%),of which 22 girls (17.46%) had in hearing that it was a sexually transmitted virus, 11 girls (8.73%) had read that this virus could cause cervical cancer, 9 (7.14%) of whom had heard of an HPV-related vaccine,while 3 of them (2.39) refused to complete this questionnaire.From the data collected in this study it was noticed that information and awareness campaigns should be carried out immediately for this age group as the most at risk in relation to sexually transmitted infections and in particular HPV,enabling in this form the ability to care more specifically for their health thus preventing very dangerous pathologies such as cervical cancer.However for this aspiration to be realized,in practice requires a greater understanding on the part of these young girls of the natural history of early HPV infection and its role in creating cervical epithelial abnormalities.
Influence of Implementation of Composite Materials in Maritime Industry on CO2 Emission’s Reduction
Authors: Koci Mirela
Published: January 2022

The future of the composites market looks attractive with opportunities in the transportation, construction, wind energy, pipe - tank, marine, consumer goods, electrical and electronics, aerospace, and others. The composite materials market is expected to reach an estimated $40.2 billion by 2024 and it is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 3.3% from 2019 to 2024. The composite materials that have started to be used in the production of tourist boats, especially those of the yacht type, have proved in practice the designers' expectations for the great advantages they have brought compared to steel. The performance of the new generation ships of this millennium, will require the ever-increasing use of new and innovative materials, to meet the also growing demands of potential buyers of these vehicles. On the other hand, based on the already sanctioned principles of the European Community for the observance of the norms set for CO2 emissions from maritime transport - (Green shipping) in respect of the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change, it becomes more necessary to produce marine vehicles that significantly reduce the weight of marine vessels, consequently engine power and fuel consumption by significantly reducing CO2 emissions. This study aims to bring a specific analysis of the impact of composite materials to the CO2 emission’s reduction.
Albanian National Museums: How to Overcome the Digital Gap Towards a Better National Heritage Promotion
Authors: Kamberi Aurora
Published: January 2022

Article 53 of the Vienna Convention of 1969 states that a treaty is considered invalid if it is in conflict with existing norms of jus cogens, and under Article 64 of the treaty becomes invalid if it conflicts with a norm youngest of the same nature. The case Nicaragua against the United States made clear that the notion of jus cogens is steadily entrenched in international law, however, is still necessary to determine accurately that power rates referred to in Articles 53 and 64 of the Vienna Convention. Jus cogens norms include more those norms relating to morality or natural law than with traditional positivist rates derived from State practice. In general, this includes making aggressive war, crimes against humanity, war crimes, sea piracy, genocide, apartheid, slavery, and torture.Jus cogens norms are norms of customary international law which are so important, it can not be changed through treaties. Under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, any treaty that is contrary to jus cogens norms is invalid. Jus cogens norms are not listed, there is no catalog , their determined by any authoritative body, but these rates come from judicial practices and political and social attitudes, which are not values static. Jus cogens norm of unconditional right international, accepted and recognized by the international community norm from which no deviation is permitted. Unlike the common law, which traditionally requires the consent and It lets change obligations between states through treaties, norms jus cogens can not be violated by any state "through treaties international or local regulations or special customary, or even through general rules of customary not have the same normative force.
The Two Truths that Descartes Discovers in His Meditations on First Philosophy that Do Not Require the Divine Guarantee
Authors: Tweyman Stanley
Published: January 2022

In my paper, I show that there are two truths in Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy that do not require the divine guarantee, despite Descartes’ claim in the last sentence of the fourth paragraph in the third meditation that he cannot be certain of anything unless he knows that God exists as Descartes’ creator and that God is not a deceiver.
The Relationship Between Total Quality Management Practices and Secondary School Performance with Mediating Effect of Organizational Culture in Abu Dhabi: Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Alhosani Khaled Sultan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate the structural equation modeling to determine the relationship between total quality management practices and secondary school performance with mediating effect of organizational Culture in Abu Dhabi. Quantitative research design was adopted to obtained information from respondents. A total of 320 employees of school were selected as a sample through the stratified and quota random sampling technique. Data analysis using structural equation modelling was used. The results of the study indicated that significant relationship was found between total quality management practices and secondary school performance with value of -.01. The findings showed that significant relationship exist between total quality management practices and organizational culture with value of .86; significant relationship was also found between organizational culture and secondary school performance .87. Further, the findings reported that organizational culture showed complete mediation between total quality management practices and secondary school performance. This study believed that total quality management would yield good results if secondary school in Abu Dhabi make use of it to improve school performance.
Outsourcing and the strategy of organizations in Mexico
Authors: González Luis Fernando Muñoz , Arriaga Ana María Paredes
Published: January 2022

Outsourcing has been a very commonly used strategy to increase productivity in a variety of organizations. In Mexico, it can be said that it has had a positive impact on employment rate. Nevertheless, there is a “dark side” in this strategy, since it has been used as a way to avoid direct hiring of employees and to evade fiscal and social security regulations. This document aims to analyze outsourcing from a regulatory and contractual approach, as well as its role as a way to increase the employment rate, and from a managerial perspective. As a result of this analysis, it was found that in our country outsourcing has been a successfully used strategy by many organizations of different sizes, but at the same time, the lack of an appropriate legislation has originated a series of unethical practices. In Mexico, in 2021 a new legal framework that tries to balance the relationship between firms and employees was approved. This paper ends with a reflection of the possible impacts of this new legislation.
Temperature Control System Using Mobile Application Interface
Authors: Castro Ana Carolina Mariath Magalhães Corrêa e , Mestria Mário
Published: January 2022

Temperature control becomes increasingly necessary with each day, be it in industrial, commercial or residential environments. In a similar way, technology has become a common tool in everyday life. Thus, the technologies need to accompany advances in the controls of processes in many fields, creating applications that can be used in mobile devices alongside these processes. Therefore, this paper proposes temperature monitoring of an environment, via Bluetooth wireless communication and with interface display on a mobile application, developed in MIT App Inventor. While implementing commands via hardware and software a procedure to lower room temperature was applied through a ventilation system. The data are collected through a DHT11 temperature sensor, and the wireless communication is through a HC-05 Bluetooth module, both connected to the development board Arduino. It was possible to condition the cooler to work accordingly with a preset temperature range by using its IDE (Integrated Development Environment). Thereby, this project is a low-cost and advantageous alternative to temperature control and monitoring supported by technological advancements.
Internet use and its importance in Kosovo
Authors: Terziu Hysni
Published: January 2022

The Internet as a communication medium, with its possibilities and its rapid development, revolutionized the way of doing business, so much so that it pushed a large number of economists to declare that, in the coming years of doing business through information technology, will be one of the most preferred opportunities for businesses and consumers across the globe. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the opportunities that businesses have to influence the economic development in the Republic of Kosovo, through their ability to generate new jobs, increase exports, and contribute to improving the living standards of the citizens of the Republic of Kosovo. Kosovo, using the Internet, as a contemporary and competitive form of business development. In order to realize such an environment, of course we have to consider two main issues, one to recognize and identify the problems that business has and another issue, how much human and material capacity Kosovo has, to provide a favorable environment. doing business online. The study realizes the first issue, which means that, in a scanned way, we tell the decision-making institutions that here are the administrative barriers that concern the business, here are the obstacles that unfairly tire the business, etc. The second issue should be asked by the relevant institutions and it should be noted that, if we want a success and sustainable economic development, then Kosovo should also provide an attractive business environment by applying the Internet.We conclude that favorable conditions must be created for the development of business and the Internet, in order for it to be efficient and sustainable, which is a necessary precondition for achieving the main goals of a sustainable economy, which contributes to the generation of countries. new jobs, improving the welfare and living standards of citizens in the Republic of Kosovo.
Physical Skills in Male Volleyball Players 14-18 Years Old
Authors: Martiri Altin
Published: January 2022

During the monitoring of volleyball teams in Albania during training, it was noticed that coaches pay more attention to technical elements and not to physical abilities to ages 14-18 years. The aim of this study was to find out the trend of improvement and differences with the age on physical abilities of male’s volleyball players in Albania. Methods: Participants in this study were N=43 volleyball players from two age categories; N=21, cadet (14-16 yrs.), N= 22 and junior (16-18 yrs.) Measurement for anthropometrics (body weight, body height) and physical abilities (push up test, curl-up test, standing long jump and vertical jump test) were assessed. Results: Analysis between two age categories shows significant differences. Showed results for anthropometrics and also for physical abilities showed differences between groups of volleyball players. Data of this study for jumping performance using vertical jump CMJ test between groups for cadet vs. junior data show (mean difference= 21.3 cm; Sig= 0.004) while for vertical jump Run up test between groups for cadet vs. junior data show (mean difference= 22.3 cm; Sig= 0.003). Conclusion: In the best interest of the study, it would be good if other teams were involved from different cities of Albania. Suggestions for other studies we recommend in comparing data by positions in the field. Trainers should plan training with these age groups different coordination programs not only technical. This study has limitations with regards to the sampling number of male volleyball players, which is justified for not having sufficient funds.
Preventive and Interceptive Orthodontics Treatment
Authors: Xhemnica Rozela , Rroço Milton
Published: January 2022

Preventive orthodontics is that part of orthodontic practice which is concerned with patients and parents education, supervision of the growth and development of the dentition and cranio-facial structures. The diagnostic procedures undertaken to predict the appearance of malocclusion and the treatment procedures instituted to prevent the onset of malocclusion. Interceptive orthodontics has been defined as that phase of science that can recognize and eliminate potential irregularities and malpositions of the developing dento-facial complex. Many of procedures are common in preventive and interceptive orthodontics, but the timings are different. Preventive procedures are undertaken in anticipation of development of a problem, whereas interceptive procedures are taken when the problem has already manifested. Orthodontic problems in children can be divided conveniently into non skeletal and skeletal problems, which are treated by tooth movement and by growth modification. Such treatment may take place in deciduous or transitional dentition and may include redirection of ectopically erupting teeth, slicing or extraction of deciduous teeth, correction of isolated dental crossbites of recovery of minor space loss.
British Diplomacy on Demonstrations of March and April 1981 in Yugoslavia (Kosovo)
Authors: Iseni Fati , Jakupi Agim
Published: January 2022

Great Britain since the late 19th and early 20th centuries had increased its interest for the developments in the Balkan region. Since the Berlin Congress in June 1878, the Conference of Ambassadors in London, December 1912-May 1913, then during WWI and WWII. Her interest continued also during the Cold War. Tito's Yugoslavia as a conglomerate of peoples had special diplomatic treatment from UK because of political, economic and military interests of the latter. Mostly after 1948 the UK built good relations with Yugoslavia. Her interest was Yugoslavia to remain stable as it was the west "protected" area from any Soviet Union threat. From this perspective the predictions were that the British could approve of any kind of internal behavior towards other ethnic minority communities. Thus in 1981 riots broke out in the province of Kosovo, Yugoslavia, and they escalated widely all over Kosovo. The UK closely followed all developments through its embassy in Belgrade and reported continuously to the FCO in London. This research will be exclusively based on these Telegrams. The declassified diplomatic reports testify more to a diplomatic and political correctness since then, from the fact that they clearly write about the discrimination that has been done to Kosovo in the Yugoslav legal and political system.
The impact of economy on the fight against trafficking in human beings in Kosovo
Authors: Latifi Arjeta Shaqiri
Published: January 2022

This research is focused on the study of the phenomenon of trafficking in human beings and combating this denigrating phenomenon of society, through the development of the economic factor. The economic environment (factors; political, economic, social, technical-technological) and the development of Kosovo's economy are studied, as a development potential of standard of living, which affects the fight against trafficking in human beings in Kosovo. A special role in the study has the issue of employment, with a focus on the labor market (potential of supply and demand for work), employment opportunities, wages, and living standards, interpersonal relationships (employer-employee) as the dominant factor which affect the preservation of dignity, integrity and creating hope and perspective for a life in a healthy and sustainable society. Trafficking in human beings in Kosovo has become a major concern of Kosovar society which is developing in the form of modern slavery, through individual crime and organized crime, in order to create profitable favors for individuals or organized groups. The purpose of the research was to analyze the level of economic development in Kosovo, development trends, in order to have a clear picture of the causes and indicators that present the current economic and social situation in Kosovo, as well as the promising prospects for the younger generations. This paper presented the statistical data available from the relevant institutions, related to economic development, unemployment, living standard (poverty), etc. The thesis of this paper is: Does economic development have an impact on combating trafficking in human beings in Kosovo? For the work of this study are used the theories of various world authors, which have addressed the issue of economic development, employment, living standards and social welfare issues. This study aimed to assess the economic situation in Kosovo, economic development opportunities, employment and its consequences in combating trafficking in human beings in Kosovo. This study had identified the findings recommendations on economic factors who had a direct impact on combating trafficking in human beings and the social consequences that are reflected in society.
The History of Cardiac Services and the Establishment of a Dedicated Cardiac Centre in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Al-Badran Resan H
Published: January 2022

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Referral patterns and Outcome of Children with Perceived Arrhythmia to a Tertiary Cardiac Service
Authors: Al Amer Suad R , Agarwal Abhinav , Arulselvam Vimalarani , Alshaiji Abdulla Faisal , Kalis Neale Nicola
Published: January 2022

Background & Objectives: Arrhythmias are common in pediatric population and is suspected in patients presenting with palpitations and/or syncope. These patients are commonly referred to Pediatric Cardiology for further evaluation either after identifying rhythm abnormality or based on clinical suspicion only. The objective of this study was to assess the yield of pediatric cardiology referrals for arrhythmia evaluation. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective observational descriptive study. A total of 486 patients referred to the pediatric cardiology department from the year 1998 to 2020 were included. Patients were grouped based on referral, Group 1 consisted of patients referred with documented arrhythmia and Group 2 had patients referred on clinical suspicion. Patient’s age at presentation, gender, reason for referral, type of arrhythmias, any associated structural heart disease, interventions, and outcomes were analysed. Results: Group 1 had 156 (32.1%) patients and group 2 had 330 (67.9%) patients. The most common diagnosis in group 1 was atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia and in group 2 was premature ventricular contractions. There was no variability for the type of arrhythmia between the two groups. Among patients in group 2, 315 (95.4%) had no evidence of electrophysiological abnormalities. Positivity rates for arrhythmia were only 3.2% for palpitations and 9% for syncope. 28 (5.8 %) patients required interventions; all from group 1. Conclusion: Clinically significant arrhythmias were mostly diagnosed at the point of first contact. Patients referred on clinical suspicion were mostly normal electro-physiologically. Inappropriate referrals increase the workload on pediatric cardiology services. There is an urgent need to regularise referrals. Keywords: Cardiac arrhythmia, Heart diseases, Referral and consultation, Syncope, Tachycardia
A Case Series of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Use in Post-Infarction Left Ventricular Thrombus
Authors: Chachar Tarique S. , Yousif Nooraldaem , Ahmed Khurshid , Hussain Tajammul , Amin Haitham
Published: January 2022

Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is a known complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Vitamin K antagonists such as Warfarin showed a reduction in associated mortality and morbidity and are indicated as anticoagulants of choice in current guidelines. Since their approval for clinical use, there has been a dramatic increase in off-label use of direct oral anti-coagulants (DOAC) for LVT. In this case series, the authors share their successful experience with DOAC in the treatment of LVT. Keywords: Anti-coagulants, Heart diseases, Heart ventricles, Myocardial infarction, Thrombosis
Acute Myopericarditis in a Pediatric Patient after First Dose of Pfizer BioNTech COVID - 19 Vaccination: First Case Report in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Qassim Ghada Al , Arulselvam Vimalarani , Amer Suad R Al , Ghanem Salah Al , Kalis Neale Nicola
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease 201 9 (COVID - 1 9 ) vaccination for children over 12 years of age began on May 2021 in the kingdom of Bahrain. Very limited data is available regarding the adverse events related to COVID -19 vaccination in children. This is a case report of a 12-year-old previously healthy boy with acute myopericarditis who presented on day 5 after the first dose of Pfizer COVID - 19 vaccination. Other causes of acute myopericarditis were ruled out. He was treated with non - steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and recovered fully. This case of vaccine-induced myocarditis was reported to the national task force of Bahrain for combating COVID - 19. Keywords: Pfizer-BioNTech, COVID-19 vaccine, mRNA vaccine, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, Troponin I