bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of HVDC System and Subsynchronous Oscillation
Authors: Zhang Peng Fei , Liu Lian Guang
Published: March 2015

With the application and development of Power Electronics, HVDC is applied more widely China. However, HVDC system has the possibilities to cause subsynchronous torsional vibration interaction with turbine generator shaft mechanical system. This paper simply introduces the mechanism, analytical methods and suppression measures of subsynchronous oscillation. Then it establishes a power plant model in islanding model using PSCAD, and analyzes the effects of the number and output of generators to SSO, and verifies the effect of SEDC and SSDC using time-domain simulation method. Simulation results show that the more number and output of generators is detrimental to the stable convergence of subsynchronous oscillation, and SEDC、SSDC can restrain unstable SSO, avoid divergence of SSO, ensure the generators and system operate safely and stably
Improving the Utilization Rate of Wind Power Based on the Thermal-Electricity Combined Operation Technology
Authors: Hao Wen Bo , Zhao Lei Lei , Xu Bing Liang , Sun Cheng Zhi , Zhao Zhi Gang , Lei Cheng Rui , Ren Guo Rui , Wan Jie , Guo Yu Feng
Published: March 2015

As large scale integration of wind power generation into grid, the fluctuation of wind power must be stabilized with fast response complementary power source such as gas and oil power generation. However entire power system is dominated by thermal power plant in China, moreover the proportion of heating units is more and more high. Therefore, expanding the peak regulating capacity of heating units to take in wind power on a large-scale is an inevitable choice. This research proposed the heat load and wind power forecast approach, meanwhile, the analysis strategy of forecasting uncertainty is also be put forward. Then, a thermal electricity combined (TEC) operation technology, which based on making the best use of the heat transfer and thermal storage characteristics of heating network and electric heating, is proposed in this paper to enhance the utilization of wind power. Final, a practical system block diagram is proposed for practical application.
The Technical Features and the Architecture Design of Software for the Troubleshooting Simulation of Distribution Automation and Training Systems
Authors: Shi Yu , Su Biao Long , Song Yu Fei , Liu Xiao Hang
Published: March 2015

The simulation of distribution automation troubleshooting and the functional design of training system software is discussed by this article, Including: basic platform capabilities, the decision analysis of auxiliary power failure, Power operation mode for load transfer analysis, the ring analysis of grid operation mode , the training simulator of distribution network and the data synchronization of the simulation system diagram and mode. The simulation of distribution automation troubleshooting and the effect of training system operation show the validity and effectiveness of the method.
The Study of Dielectric Strength of External Insulation Substations in Polluted and Humid Condition
Authors: Glushkov Daniil A. , Baranov Mikhail A. , Yakovenko Svetlana R. , Khalyasmaa Alexandra I. , Bliznyuk Dmitry I.
Published: March 2015

Comparative study of impact of insulators surface pollution by magnesium silicious proppant powder and cement flour was performed in the present article. Studies were performed both for the case of charge development along polluted surface and polluted wetted surface of the insulators.
An Implementation of Demand Side Energy Management for Refined Load Control
Authors: Jin Xiao Ming , Zhao Xue Lin , Jia Kun Qi , He Guang Yu
Published: March 2015

Demand Side Energy Management System (DSEMS) manages energy demand by controlling end-use appliances in a refined, energy-saving, cost-efficient and user-friendly way. The DSEMS runs on an Android tablet computer, which serves as energy gateway to communicate with two types of controllers via ZigBee network. Smart sockets connected to the ZigBee network will monitor and control plug-in loads and IR remote controller (IRRC) for air-conditioner temperature setting. The proposed system has been installed in an apartment with over 24 rooms as a paradigm, which proved that the DSEMS can realize the autonomous energy-saving via real-time surveillance and control on household appliances.
Power Grid Emergency Management Capability Assessment Based on the Fuzzy-AHP Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Wei Jia Xiong , Yang Ding Li , Du Peng Hui , He Pu Yu
Published: March 2015

According to the characteristics of power emergencies and integrating the realities of grid emergency management, the paper established grid emergency management capability evaluation indexes system, which is consist of 1 first grade indexe,15 second grade indexes. First, the paper determined the weight of each index with AHP and then evaluated the indexes system by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation in two levels. In numerical example, the paper took a provincial grid company emergency management capability assessment as an example, obtained scientific analysis results, proved the usefulness of the evaluation system, and pointed a clear direction for the grid companies’ emergency management construction in the future.
Negative Impacts on the Smart Distribution Grid Caused by New Energy
Authors: Qin Li Jun , Yang Wan Tao
Published: March 2015

The access problem of new energy is one of the core content of the smart grid. New energy such as wind, solar, electric vehicle charging stations have strong intermittent and fluctuations. Their technical performance is poor to access to the grid.They inject harmonics into grid and have other issues. This paper describes the impact on the distribution network after the wind, photovoltaic power generation, electric vehicle charging stations connected to the grid.It is hoped that you can build smart grid distribution model,research in-depth and analysis the combined effects of smart distribution grid after new energy sources accessed, to achieve the monitoring of the various components of the distribution network and the best combination for electricity.
Design of Microgrid Energy Supply and Management System with Economic Operation for Charging of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Shoaib , Lin Xiang Ning , Sun Jin Wen , Adio Owolabi Sunday , Dawoud Sameer , Mohsin Qasim Kamil , Waqar Asad
Published: March 2015

This paper presents the design of energy supply and management system to achieve minimum cost of charging the electric vehicles and to reduce the peak power drawn by all electric loads in a microgrid. We consider energy management function at different levels of microgrid like, at stand-alone EV parking lot, at residential loads and at commercial building loads, etc. The energy supply and management system is not only connected to the power grid but also with a combination of fixed Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Local Area Network (LAN). First we perform load balancing among different kinds of loads in a microgrid such that extra electrical resource may be transferred to resource constrained loads by using game theoretic approach, and later we propose a distributed algorithm for load scheduling of electric vehicles parked in stand-alone parking lot in microgrid to minimize the sum of total energy cost for charging the battery of electric vehicles and spreading out the charging power equally over the charging time using interior point method (IPM). This results in reduction of peak charging power based on EVs own consumption schedule while they select the best response in energy consumption game.
Economic Analysis of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization System with the Application of Low Pressure Economizer for Waste Heat Recovery
Authors: Song Jing Hui , Lin Yan , Liao Yan Fen , Ma Xiao Qian , Wu Shu Mei
Published: March 2015

The data of wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) power and water consumption, from two different coal-fired power plants (100 MW and 1000 MW) under full load operation, are studied for the WFGD economic analysis of waste-heat-recovery transformation with the installation of low pressure economizer (LPE). The results of 100MW unit show that, WFGD inlet flue gas temperature drops from 155°C to 110°C, the benefits generated include power consumption of fans declines by 23.85% and water consumption of the smoke desulfurization absorption tower declines by 34.88%. In another case, the temperature of inlet flue gas from WFGD of 1000 MW unit drops from 130°C to 84°C, power consumption of fans increases by 15.04% while water consumption of the smoke desulfurization absorption tower declines by 73.1%. Besides, the flow resistance is increased in LPE water side due to the installation of LPE. This makes power consumption of condensate pump enhanced, which slightly decreases the benefits from waste heat recovery.
Effects of λ on the Combustion Characteristics of HCCI Engine Fueled with N-Butanol
Authors: Zhou Jia Wang , Zhang Chun Hua , Li Gang , Shen Ye Chun
Published: March 2015

The combustion characteristics of an HCCI engine fueled with n-butanol were investigated on a modified two-cylinder, four stoke diesel engine. The experiments were conducted on the HCCI engine with λ of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0, and the intake air temperature and engine speed were kept at 140 °C and 1000rpm, respectively. Effects of λ on combustion characteristics including in-cylinder pressure rise rate, heat release rate, CA05 and combustion duration of HCCI combustion engine are discussed in details based on the recorded in-cylinder pressure. The results indicate that in-cylinder pressure and the rate of pressure rise both decrease with the increase of λ, the maximum heat release rate also decreases with the increase of λ but occurs at late crank angles. In addition, as λ increases, the combustion phasing retards and combustion duration becomes longer.
Multi-Dimensional Flamelet Manifolds for Laminar Partially Premixed Flame
Authors: Cao Chang Min , Ye Tao Hong , Wu Yu Xin , Wei Wei
Published: March 2015

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of thermo-chemistry tabulation approaches for numerical simulation of laminar partially premixed flame by comparing with the results of detail chemistry. Two thermo-chemistry tabulation approaches are considered: the multidimensional flamelet manifolds (MFM) method and Flame Prolongation of Intrinsic low-dimensional manifold (FPI) method. The fuel streams with different equivalence ratios (ΦF=1.8,ΦF=2.464) are analyzed. In both of the equivalence ratios the results obtained from MFM method are in closer agreement with the direct calculation than FPI method. It is concluded that multi-dimensional flamelet manifolds can capture more precisely partially premixed characteristic of the multi-regime flame structure, comparing to single-dimensional flamelet model FPI.
Thermal Response and Ablation Research of EPDM Thermal Protection Material in Ramjet
Authors: Chen Xiong , Xue Hai Feng , Liang Hua
Published: March 2015

Thermal protection materials are required to preserve the metal components of motor that suffer severe heat load. The research on thermal response of insulation of ramjet combustion chamber was carried out by the ground test and numerical simulation. During the working time of the ramjet, the back-face temperature of the thermal protection material was measured. The scanning electron microscope of samples was investigated. The calculation of thermo-chemical flow was solved by the CFD software FLUENT to provide the heat load boundary for simulation of heat transfer of EPDM insulation. The heat transfer model was solved by the FEA software ANSYS. Comparison of the temperature profile at the ablating surface between calculation and measurement shows the two results agree with each other. The simulation results can provide the temperature rising trend of insulation in a certain extent.
Thermal Analysis on Symmetric Rectangular Stackable Supercapacitors
Authors: Zheng Mei Na , Li Yan Song , Liu Jun
Published: March 2015

In this paper, thermal model of the symmetric rectangular stackable supercapacitors are established. By using the finite element method, the temperature distribution of the supercapacitor is simulated. Then the supercapacitor's thermal behavior under the ambient temperature, but with different current density is analyzed. The simulation results show that the maximum temperature during the discharge process occurs in the center of the supercapacitor. The maximum temperature is associated with the applied current, and the higher the applied current is, the higher the maximum temperature is. It's necessary to control the maximum temperature within the allowable values, by establishing reasonable thermal management systems and cooling systems.
A System of Energy Consumption Based on Infrared Images in Building and Environmental Detection
Authors: Han Ling Yan , Cheng Guang He , Zheng Xiao Shi , Zhang Rang Yong , Hao Feng Qi , Han Lu Yue , Sun Xiang , Meng Qing Long , Wang Zheng Wei , Tang Ping , Sun Rui Rui
Published: March 2015

This paper shows a multifunctional and real-time control system of environment and building. It includes wireless data acquisition terminal, wireless ad-hot network module, inspection device, data acquisition gateway, software of energy consumption analysis, system of infrared thermal imaging analysis.
Building Integrated Photovoltaic Design
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yu Tian Qi
Published: March 2015

This paper mainly introduces the advantage of the building integrated photovoltaic technology, characteristics of the main solar materials. Through understanding the barrier and the advantages of solar materials existing in the architectural design, the role of solar energy materials can be played better in building. This paper also introduces the form of the concrete application of building integrated photovoltaic in different building sites, explains the design of building integrated photovoltaic not only take part in the technical level, more involved in architectural form and space.
Interpreting Solar House-Using International Solar Decathlon Works as Example
Authors: Li Yang Lu Xi
Published: March 2015

The international Solar Decathlon competition, or SD, is known as the "Solar Energy Olympics". It was launched and organized by the United States Department of Energy for colleges and universities around the world to participate in building with solar power technology. The competition has been successfully held five times. With the help of the world’s top research and development, teams of technical and creative background design with solar energy utilization for building energy savings, automation and other technologies, to build and run a functioning, zero carbon, sustainable solar house. Tongji University and Tianjin University recently represented China at the Solar Decathlon competition, and achieved gratifying results. This paper will take the Tongji University's "Bamboo House" and Tianjin University's "Sunflower" as examples to introduce international solar house development trends.
Experimental Study on Stiffness and Energy of Modified Recycled Columns with Silica Fume and Hybrid Fiber
Authors: Li Tao
Published: March 2015

For the sake of compensating the defect of recycled aggregate and making full utilization of the mineral admixture’s unique characteristics, six recycled concrete columns with silica fume and hybrid fiber were tested under cyclic loading, the main variable of which was the different content of silica fume and fiber. Through the comparison of experimental phenomena analysis, the general rules of coefficient stiffness and energy dissipation capacities were obtained, and the corresponding theories could be analyzed with the experimental data. The results showed that the silica fume decreased early regeneration concrete column stiffness, the fiber of which increased, both the attenuation speeded increasingly with the increase in volume. Before the peak load, the energy consumption increased along with the lateral displacement’s increase, but after, the addition of fibers could make energy consumption increasing amplitude, which was better than silica fume.
Applications of EPR Spectrometer in Environmental Samples
Authors: Liao Shao Hua , Yang Fang , Li Fang Fang , Yang Jing , Wu Min
Published: March 2015

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer was widely applied to physics, chemistry and biomedicine. This research provided possible electron and valence information of environmental samples interaction through high sensitivity. The EPR signals of transition metals and organic radicals were distinguished well. Three kinds of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (MW50, MW30 and MWG) had strong EPR signals. Addition of transition metals may be a suitable way to decrease environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs). The potential risks of EPFRs in BC and the reactive free electron in transition metals must be addressed to ensure their safe and scientific absorption application.
Present Situation and Future Development Trend Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pump
Authors: Li Wei Bin , Liu Zhan Hong , Cai Qi Chang
Published: March 2015

Energy shortage and environmental pollution, has become the primary topic in today's social development to be solved. Remote parts of the animal husbandry and water problems tend to have also been regional restrictions. In view of the above problems, photovoltaic water pump arises at the historic moment. This paper the basic principle and composition of photovoltaic pump system were summarized, and research progress on light volt pump and the status quo, explore photovoltaic water pump for the next research direction was analyzed,By photovoltaic water pumps in the world market demand and operation cost, economic benefit and social benefit of photovoltaic water pump products were analyzed, and the validation of the advantage and feasibility of photovoltaic water pump, prospects the application prospect of photovoltaic pump system.
Chemical Characteristics Research on Karst Water in Jinan Spring Area
Authors: Zhou Juan , Xing Li Ting , Zhang Feng Juan , Han Zhao , Peng Tong Qiang , Xu Min Tian , Yang Yi
Published: March 2015

For the protection of Jinan springs, based on the monitoring data of groundwater quality during dry seasons in 2013, the chemical characteristics evolution of karst water was analyzed by RockWare Aq·QA software, combined with hydrogeological conditions in jinan spring area. According to the groundwater quality standard, the present situation of karst water was evaluated. On the basis of the F value of evaluation, the groundwater quality zone is partitioned by ArcGIS software. The results show that: (1) the groundwater chemical types complicated from the single type (HCO3–Ca and HCO3–Ca·Mg) in 1950s to some new types (HCO3·SO4-Ca,Cl·HCO3-Ca and Cl·SO4-Ca); (2) karst water chemical environment has changed, so that karst erosion rate accelerated; (3) the groundwater quality partition shows most of this area is good water, only part of this area is IV,V type water (poor water). Research suggests Jinan karst water quality has been deteriorating.
Effect of Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Coupling on the Yield and Panicle Architecture of Japonica Rice in Cold Area
Authors: Feng Yan Jiang , Zhang Wen Zhong , Bian Jing Yang , Sun Yu , Wang Qi , Song Qiu Lai , Zeng Xian Nan
Published: March 2015

This thesis has listed rice as the research object, and by way of water treatment (water-saving treatment and CK treatment) and nitrogen-fertilizer treatment (N0, N1, N2, N3, N4), to analyze the effects of water and nitrogen fertilizer coupling on the yield and panicle architecture of rice. Results show that compared with CK, water-saving irrigation is more effective in promoting the yield. Under N-fertilizer treatment of N1, N2 and N3, the rice yield was increased by more than 10%; while under N0 and N4, the yield difference was not significant. With the increased apply of Nitrogen, under the two watering means, the yield both showed a tendency of firstly increase and later decrease. The yield hit the highest point in water-saving irrigation under N3, followed by water-saving irrigation under N2, and CK under N3.Under N2 and N3, the yield increased in water-saving irrigation was mainly contributed by the increase of the second rachis branches. The yield was increased by 30.69% and 30.37% under N2 and N3 separately. With water-saving irrigation, the yield under N3 is more than that under N2, this is mainly contributed by the increase of the grain number per panicle and the thousand seed weight. Under N3, the yield difference was not significant in either watering treatments, but water-saving irrigation has increased the average value of yield traits. Analysis of the panicle architecture has revealed that compared with CK, water-saving irrigation is more effective in increase the rice yield, which was mainly realized by the significant increase in the number of second rachis branches.
Research on Sensitivity of Soil Acidification in Hebei Plain, North China
Authors: Li Xiao Yu , Fu Sheng Xia , Gao Tai Zhong
Published: March 2015

Through soil samples collecting and analysis in Hebei plain, we studied acidity characteristics and acidification sensitivity in Hebei plain. Results showed that the main reasons for decline in soil pH value is the atmospheric acid deposition, the excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, crop base ion absorption. The dissolve of calcium carbonate is the main process plain cushion soil acidification in Hebei plain, its content is the decisive factor of soil acidification sensitivity.
Research on Separation and Purification of Total Anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei  by D301 Macroporous Resin
Authors: Li Cui Ping , Lv Ping
Published: March 2015

D301 resin was used to separate and purify total anthraquinones in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. It was found that the optimized dynamic adsorption conditions is pH7.0, flow velocity of 1.0 BV/h and extracting solution with concentration of 0.3g/mL and optimized dynamic elution conditions is hydrochloric acid with concentration of 0.15mol/L, 75% ethanol, and flow velocity of 1.0 BV/h. Under the above conditions,the average adsorption rate and desorption rate are respectively 89.75% and 91.15%, indicating that extraction efficiency of total anthracenone of emodin is relatively high and that the technology enjoys strong stability.
The Inhibitory Effect of Salinity Anaerobic Microorganism Based on Kinetics Model
Authors: Zou Xiao Ling
Published: March 2015

This paper compares the inhibitory effect of high CaCl2and MgCl2content on anaerobic microorganism based on kinetics model. Salt inhibition kinetics experiments were performed at granular sludge and activated sludge in order to investigate salt inhibition effects on kinetic constants. Half-velocity constantvalues considerably increased when CaCl2or MgCl2concentration increased from 0 to 35g/L for granular sludge and activated sludge. Salt inhibition biokinetic coefficients (Kρ) were obtained by using Ghose and Tyagi model. For granular sludge,Kρof CaCl2was found to be 130.3 g/L, andKρof MgCl2was found to be 86 g/L. For activated sludge,Kρof CaCl2was found to be 92.8 g/L, andKρof MgCl2was found to be 77.6 g/L. Results showed that the inhibitory CaCl2limit was higher than the inhibitory MgCl2limit for anaerobic microorganisms.
A HPLC-UV Method for Simultaneous Determination of Hypocrellin A and B from Fermentation Broth of Shiraia Bambusicola LPHP-89
Authors: Zhang Sai Dan , Lv Ping , Zhu Xiu
Published: March 2015

A rapid, sensitive and reproducible high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of hypocrellin A, hypocrellin B from Fermentation Broth of Shiraia bambusicola LPHP-89. Isocratic RP-HPLC system with C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm i.d., 5 μ particle size) and a detector UV-VWD was employed. The mobile phase consisted of methanol、water and acetic acid (60:40:1, v/v/v) and was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The injection volume was5 μL. The quantitation wavelength was set at 254 nm.Total run time was 20 min and retention times for hypocrellin A and hypocrellin B were 10.06 and 15.38 min, respectively.
Research of Accidents due to Human Factor in Coal Mine Based on GM Model
Authors: Ma Shang Quan , Fu Jing
Published: March 2015

Grey forecast can master the developing law of system through dealing with incomplete information of system at present. On the basis of actual data of Feng Feng Coal Mine, the grey forecasting model for coal mine accidents due to human factor in Feng Feng by using the grey system theory in this paper, it is shown that models which are built have good precisions. Safety and production of Feng Feng Coal Mine are forecasted by using grey forecasting models which are built. The results show that the forecasting models will help coal mines to forecast accidents due to human factor next year and generally tally with development tendency of Feng Feng Coal Mine.
An Assessment Model of Oil Spill Accident Probability in Zhoushan Port
Authors: Xia Lei lei , Ding Wang Ping , Zheng Peng Jun
Published: March 2015

The oil spill accidents from ships are sudden random events which usually great loss when one happens. In order to response to these sporadic events and prepare equipments in advance, there is a need to estimate the oil spill accident probability and its quantity in a port. This paper mainly takes Zhoushan Port as the example and uses the discrete convolution method to calculate the oil spill probability of the single ship, the joint oil spill probability and its quantity, thus to provide a support for the preparation for the government.
Review on Pyrolysis Carbonization Technology of Biomass
Authors: Si Hui Ping , Wu Zhen Dong , Wu Jun Hui , Chen Jie , Lin Kai Yan
Published: March 2015

The mechanism of biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology was introduced. Then the stage and characteristic of pyrolysis carbonization technology were expounded. The research status of the biomass pyrolysis carbonization and biomass pyrolysis carbonization equipment were reviewed. Finally, these people point out that the fixed bed pyrolysis carbonization equipment and new heating technology shall be the main focus for future research and development.
Identification of Slope Debris Flow Based on Fisher Discriminated Criterion
Authors: Yang Jun
Published: March 2015

On the basis of analyzing formation condition of slope debris flow, optimize four indexes as the discriminated factors: the loose material reserves weighted by area (),effective particle size of the loose material ,geomorphic super entropy (),meteorological and hydrological index which is composed of indirect and direct antecedent precipitation and short duration rainfall (),use the basic data of slope debris flow in Beishan of Longnan City, build the Fisher discriminated analysis model , find out the discriminated function of debris flow and non-debris flow on slope is,critical value is 1.305,give the new method of identification on the slope debris flow.
Hydrogen-Bond Acid Group Functionalized Mesoporous-Silica MCM-41 as Sensing Material to Detect Trace Level Organophosphorus Vapor
Authors: Guo Shuan Bao , Cheng Zhen Xing , Zhu Hai Yan , Wang Lian Yuan , Zhou Chao Hua
Published: March 2015

The hydrogen-bond acid compound 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexafluoropropane (BHPHFP) has been used as the sensing group progressively grafted on the mesoporous-silica MCM-41 carrier featured higher BET surface area via chemical coupling reaction by trimethoxysilanebutyraldehyde. Furthermore, it is successfully characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), flourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and N2 sorption isotherms. Then taking the quartz crystal microbalance sensor (QCM) as platform to form the organophosphorus vapor detection sensor, the sensing date of QCM sensor obtains the high sensitivity, repeatability and selectivity properties to detect the ppb-level concentration of organophosphorus vapor, which strongly testify the new material is a suitable sensing material for detecting organophosphorus trace-level vapor.
Progress in Analysis of Neptunium in Environmental Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Lu Cai Hong , Nie Ya Feng , Lu Sheng Li , Gao Ying , Liu Bo , Qu Xiu Wen
Published: March 2015

In recent years, radionuclide monitoring and contamination control have been attached great importance. Wide attention has been paid to the measurement and analysis of Neptunium (237Np) as one of the radio-nuclides. With the development of mass-spectrometry technique, the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique, with its outstanding advantage, has been widely applied to the measurement of237Np in environmental and biological samples. In this paper, the progress in analysis of237Np in environmental samples with ICP-MS technique is overviewed.
A Novel Air Purifier for Trace SO2 Removal and Simulation of the Purification Effect
Authors: Xie Dong Lai , Luo Jin Hui
Published: March 2015

With the large-scale usage of coal and gasoline, China has been the most serious SO2-polluted country in the world. SO2 can cause respiratory and cardiovascular disease, which does great harm to human health. Therefore, developing an air purifier to absorb trace SO2 is very necessary. According to the mechanism of SO2 absorption with the alkaline solution, we developed an air purifier with an purification capacity of 80m3 -100m3 per hour. The purification effect with different gas flow rates, absorbing liquids and initial SO2 concentration was tested. Test results indicated that the purifier had a very good absorption of trace SO2 for indoor air. A SO2 purification model in confined space was established and the purification effect of the purifier was simulated with ANSYS FLUENT 14.0.
Analysis Flue Gas Denitration Technology for Small and Medium Sized Coal-Fired Industrial Boilers
Authors: Ling Shao Hua , Jing Chang Yong , Zhang Li Juan
Published: March 2015

In this paper, flue gas denitration technology in the application of small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers are analyzed and discussed. To 65t/h CFB(Circulating Fluidized Bed) industrial boiler, study small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers flue gas SNCR denitration technology solutions, and analyzes economic and environmental benefits for small and medium sized coal-fired industrial boilers flue gas SNCR denitration technology.
Copper Ion in Water Quality Analysis Testing Modification of Complexing Agent and the Application
Authors: Yang Juan , Zhang Xiao Ju
Published: March 2015

The research group Combined with purple cloud point extraction method and UV spectroscopy technology .The best extraction conditions of Cu-Glycine is: 230nm, pH value of 9.0, NaCl solution 4.0mL, Triton X-100 solution 50.0 mg/ml,1.0mL. This method is applied to environmental water samples in the separation of trace amounts of copper and measured.
Effect of EM Techniques on Aquaculture Wastewater Purification
Authors: Wang Long , Shao Ya Lu , Chen Li Hua , Liu Jie , Shao Xiao Hou , Wu Qi Jin
Published: March 2015

Through real-time monitoring of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the aquaculture wastewater, the purification effects of EM techniques by applying EM active calcium, Microbial nanoSilica Ball and both of them were studied. The results showed that the purification effect of solid preparation for Microbial nanoSilica Ball was better than that of the liquid preparation for EM active calcium. Moreover, the purification effect with the technological cooperation of Microbial nanoSilica Ball with EM active calcium reached best, indicating that the removal rate of COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP in the aquaculture wastewater was 72.12% , 73.85% , 64.99% and 67.87% respectively.
Effect of Ultrasonic Energy Density of Ultrasonic Sludge Hydrolysis
Authors: Chen Yu , Hao Lin , Wang Dong Mei
Published: March 2015

Regard the added soluble chemical oxygen demand value (SCOD), TN, TP, VFA as the evaluation index, study the hydrolysis effect of different ultrasonic intensity of sewage sludge. The results show that: with the energy density of 0.75W/L, 1.5W/L, 3W/L after ultrasonic treatment of sludge, SCOD than the original clay increased a lot. Hydrolysis of five days later, having little difference of SCOD concentration in the sludge, and the 0.75W/L SCOD reached the peak, indicating little sound energy density difference of SCOD in sludge, and the low energy density effected better, while the concentration of TN, TP, VFA were increased with the increase of the energy density.
Ground Characterization of Abandoned Open Pits Liable to Illegal Industrial Waste Dumping: A Case Study of Thailand’s Chachoengsao Province
Authors: Sirikaew Uba , Khwanpruk Kankanit , Srinin Supoj
Published: March 2015

This research has investigated the geotechnical properties of abandoned open pits in Thailand’s eastern province of Chachoengsao that could become targets for illegal industrial waste dumping. Out of a total of 11 districts, this research focuses on two districts, i.e. Plaengyao and Panom Sarakarm, due to the proximity to industrial estates and abundance of open pits. The findings reveal a very low permeability rate of Plaengyao’s surface soil, indicating that no open pits should be used as dumping sites as contaminants are captured by and deposited in the surface soil. Clay liner and surface drainage are needed to be considered for Landfills in Plaengyao district. In contrast, the surface soil of Panom Sarakarm district is of high permeability and thereby renders the utilization of open pits environmentally harmful since the dissolved contaminants can leach through the ground and pollute groundwater.
Investigation of the Activity of TiO2 Nanotubes towards the Photocatalytic Degradation of Aniline
Authors: Li Xiao Dong , An Mei Mei , Zhu Yuan Cheng
Published: March 2015

The high density and well ordered TiO2nanotube array material was successfully application in photocatalytic degradation aniline organic wastewater analog under 254 nm, 300 nm and 365 nm UV irradiation. The results exhibited that the rate of degradation of aniline reached 99% under the concentration of aniline was 0.33 mmol•L-1, PH=7, intensity of UV irradiation was 254 nm and reaction time was 120 min. The factors that influence the rate of degradation were also investigated.
Removal of BTEX Using Adsorptive Biological Reactive Barrier
Authors: Cui Kang Ping , Sun Ben Shan
Published: March 2015

Adsorptive biological reactive barrier comprising medium sand-bentonite-microorganism for removing simulated groundwater BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene) of different concentrations has been investigated with the variance of filling media ratio, and the dependence of BTEX removal efficiency in groundwater on electron acceptor was also studied through adding nitrate. The results show that the optimum volume ratio of bentonite-medium sand is 20:80, with a permeable reactive barrier permeability coefficient of 2.01 × 10-5 m/s and effective porosity of 16.71%. The addition of nitrate to biological reactive barrier stabilized BTEX removals under different concentrations, comparatively, while the control group without nitrate exhibited volatile BTEX removal efficiency. Under conditions of influent concentrations of 6, 8 and 10 mg/L, the BETX removal rates of biological reactive barrier with/without the addition of nitrate and the control group are about 94%/91%, 96%/90%, and 97%/87%, respectively. The adsorptive biological reactive barrier shows significant performance on BTEX removal, especially with the aid of nitrate additive.
Study on Hydrocyclone Part of Integration Equipment Used to Pretreatment on High Turbidity Silt Water
Authors: Wu Dao Ji , Sun Pei Shi , Shao Jian Peng , Wang Lin , Lv Cheng Long , Wang Fei
Published: March 2015

The silt content of inlet A, inlet flow B and underflow diameter C were the important factors on the separation efficiency of the hydrocyclone, using hydrocyclone for pretreatment of high turbidity silt water. The silt content of inlet selected 5 kg/m3, 4.5 kg/m3, 3 kg/m3, 2.5 kg/m3. Inlet flow rate selected 2.5 m3/h, 2.2 m3/h, 1.8 m3/h, 1.5 m3/h. The optimal solution selected B2A1C2,which was 2.5 m3/h, 2.5 kg/m3and 10 mm. The effects of various factors on the hydrocyclone separation were summarized objectively through the analysis of silt content of overflow and particle size. The result showed that: when the silt content of inlet was kept in a certain range, the medium diameter of overflow decreased to 18μm with the inlet flow rate increasing. Condensed bottle silt can discharged successfully, and the overflow water medium diameter decreased gradually with underflow diameter increasing.
Study on the Effect of Flow Velocity on the Denitrification of Groundwater
Authors: Jiang Xin Ran , Zheng Li Na , Ai Xing , Zhang Lin , Wu Wei Nan
Published: March 2015

Using the mixed filling reaction column, this article examines that the influence of different inlet flow rate on the removal of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater, respectively by 90mL/h, 150 mL/h, 210mL/h velocity, under 30 °C each run five days, comparativly studies the influence of velocity on denitrification. The results show that the flow rate has an important effect on the denitrification of water, when the water inlet velocity decreased from 150mL/h to 90mL/h, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen reaction column effluent decreased gradually, and the denitrification of nitrite nitrogen accumulation system has been in a low level, but the ammonia nitrogen accumulation only in the flow rate of 90mL/h, began when the flow rate decreased significantly; also increased from 90mL/h to 210mL/h, the effluent nitrate nitrogen concentration, nitrite nitrogen concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration increased significantly.
The Causes and Prevention of Chemicals Pollution
Authors: Wang Bing Qiang
Published: March 2015

Various chemicals increase greatly and new chemicals are constantly emerging with the rapid development of world chemical industry. People make full use of chemicals and produce a large number of chemical waste including toxic and harmful substances. Because the uncontrolled discharge, the environment is worsening. It is the major problem for people to understand the causes and harm of chemical pollution and strengthen environmental protection.
Switched Reluctance Wind Generation System Based on Z Source Inverter
Authors: Shao Yi Xiang , Yuan Xiao Ling , Tian Wei
Published: March 2015

This paper uses Z source inverter in switched reluctance wind power generation (SRWPG) to connect to power grid. According to operation of switched reluctance generator (SRG), requirements of grid-connection and the unique single stage buck boost feature of Z source inverter, Z source inverter with space vector pulse with modulation (SVPWM) is adopted to satisfy the voltage level of grid-connection. A control method of grid-connection inverter is developed to keep the capacitor voltage of Z source inverter stable and regulate the active and reactive power. Simulation of SRG and Z source inverter are constructed based on MATLAB/Simulink platform. Simulation results reveal that Z source inverter is feasible and valuable in wind power generation on SRG system.
Treatment of Phenol Wastewater by Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation over Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3
Authors: Lu Shu Xiang , Lu Ming Hui , Gao Lu Lu , Mo Dong Mei
Published: March 2015

Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3catalysts were prepared by the method of wet impregnation and were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), N2adsorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. The activity of Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of phenol was tested. The effects of the initial pH of the phenolic aqueous solutions and the iron content of Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3on phenol degradation have been studied. The results indicated that almost total removal of phenol and considerably high reduction of COD for the initial phenol concentration of 100-1000 mg/L were achieved under mild conditions. The leached iron from the catalyst was negligible.
Cu-Supported on Acid-Treated Sepiolite: Characterization and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NO by Propene
Authors: Qi Yun Fang , Li Yang , Zhang Zhi Hao , Liu Li Sha , Ye Qing , Wang Dao
Published: March 2015

H-Sep samples were taken from treating sepiolite with HCl solution. Cu/H-Sep samples were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The samples were characterized using XRF, XRD, and XPS techniques, and their catalytic activities were performed by the SCR of NO with propylene. The results show that the Cu/H-Sep catalyst exhibited the high performance in the C3H6-SCR of NO. After investigation by XRD and H2-TPR, the result showed that there are Cu2+/Cu+redox species as a reaction activity center over Cu/H-Sep.
Effect of Calcination Temperature on Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Cd0.6Zn0.4S/TiO2 Hierarchical Heterostructure
Authors: Chang Wei , Ren Xiao Sai , Yang Guo Rui , Yan Wei , Sun Run Jun
Published: March 2015

The Cd0.6Zn0.4S/TiO2 hierarchical heterostructures were successfully fabricated by combining the electrospinning technology and hydrothermal method. The effect of calcination temperature of TiO2 on the characteristic and photocatalytic activity of Cd0.6Zn0.4S/TiO2 were investigated. The morphology, crystalinity, composition and band gap of Cd0.6Zn0.4S/TiO2 were characterized. The results indicated the optical absorption and photocataytic properties of Cd0.6Zn0.4S/TiO2 were obviously affected by the TiO2 calcination temperature. When the calcination temperature was 500°C, the Zn0.6Cd0.4S/TiO2 exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of RhB under visible light.
Effect of Calcium Content on the Microstructure and Degradation of Mg-Ca Binary Alloys Potentially Used as Orthopedic Biomaterials
Authors: Blajan Ana Iulia , Miculescu Florin , Ciucă Ion , Cotruț Mihai Cosmin , Semenescu Augustin , Antoniac Iulian Vasile
Published: March 2015

The effect of calcium addition in modifying the microstructural aspects and corrosion behavior was investigated on two different biodegradable magnesium alloys type Mg-xCa binary alloys (x = 0.8, 1.8 wt. (%)). Systematic microstructure investigations was made using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray. Following these experimental investigations, in the microstructure of the investigated Mg-Ca alloys a notable refinement was observed occurred with increasing the calcium content. The evaluation of corrosion resistance was performed both using electrochemical measurements and hydrogen release in simulated body fluid (SBF), as proposed by Kokubo and his colleagues, maintaining the temperature at 37°C. The results showed a lower corrosion resistance when the calcium content was increased, due to the increased Mg2Ca intermetallic phase in grain boundaries. Consequently, our preliminary results showed that MgCa0.8 alloy having a minimal amount of Mg2Ca appear to be a promising alloy to be used as a biomaterial for orthopedic implants.
Cooling Conditions Influence on Cortical Bovine Bones Derived Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Miculescu Florin , Ciocan Lucian Toma , Miculescu Marian , Antoniac Iulian Vasile , Purcaru Alin , Preda Oana , Maidaniuc Andreea
Published: March 2015

The aim of the study is to highlight the influence of the cooling conditions on cortical bovine bones derived hydroxyapatite. Bone samples with thicknes of 50 mm were cut from the central part of the bovine femur with a jigsaw. Then, they were processed in order to remove all the proteins and collagen traces by boiling for 4 hours and heating and holding them at 450°C for 2 hours. They were heat treated at temperatures ranging from 1000° to 1300°C, being held for 3 hours and then rapidly cooled in air atmosphere or ice-water. A natural fracture of the samples appeared after the applied heat treatments, which allowed us to analyse the fragments without a further preparation. The morphological changes that occurred during the sample processing were highlighted using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The morphological changes occurred not only between the heat treated samples at different temperature, but also in samples cooled in different environments. Also, it was noticed that crystals sizes proportionaly increased with temperature, while the porosity considerably decreased and also a condensation of the porous matrix/structure appeared.
A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Restored Deciduous Canine
Authors: Baciu Florin , Bratosin Claudia , Rusu-Casandra Aurelia
Published: March 2015

The literature reports that dental cavities are an international public health challenge and treatment of decays especially for young children is a medical problem of great importance. Early childhood caries progress rapidly and can cause functional, physical and dentofacial aesthetic impairment. Recent studies show that caries lesions can compromise children’s quality of life due to the pain and discomfort which could lead to disfigurement, acute and chronic infections and to alteration of meals and sleeping habits. Tooth decay occurs when acids in the mouth dissolve the outer layers of the tooth, stripping the tooth of important minerals. Because dental decay often goes untreated, the cavity grows and more tooth structure is lost. Restorative dentistry has the main purpose of rehabilitating the function and aesthetic of tooth. The structural integrity of the restored teeth depends on the state of stress in their different regions due to occlusal loads. The aim of this study performed with the finite element method is to evaluate the stress and strain distributions in bone structure-primary canine-restorative material assembly when a load of 120N is applied all over the upper surface of the model. Particular attention was given to an accurate computer reconstruction of the canine. Therefore with the aid of a CT scanner the tomography images obtained were processed with a special software (Mimics). Two dental restorative materials, commonly used in practice were chosen for the analysis and the results acquired are compared. Also the contact pressure at the interface bone-deciduous canine and deciduous canine-dental material is evaluated in both cases.
Comparative Study to Determine the State of Tension Using FEM in a Premolar Restored with a Composite Inlay versus a Ceramic Inlay
Authors: Vlasceanu Daniel , Stamate Andrei , Petrescu Horia Alexandru , Jiga Gabriel , Tarcolea Mihai
Published: March 2015

The aesthetic composite inlay or ceramic ones are useful for restoring posterior teeth affected by decay processes. The choice of the inlay type can sometimes be a challenge for the dentist. The aim of this study is to identify the optimal type of an inlay used for second-class cavities that can assure a good long-term prognosis of dental restoration. In order to achieve this study, it was performed an 3D analysis of stresses recorded in a premolar restored with a composite inlay and a ceramic inlay, the simulation being done by finite elements method (FEM) using Ansys program. The study results showed that stresses registered in the tooth restored through ceramic inlay are more favorable than those recorded in the case of the tooth restored with composite inlay. The aesthetic composite inlays are preferred instead ceramic ones by many practitioners because of the advantages it presents: requires minimal preparations, technique is easier thanks to the easier handling of composite material, allow future adjustment of the occlusal surface, being easily adjusted and repaired, are radiopaque and, last but not least, have a lower cost. The question that arises frequently in medical practice is related to inlays behavior in case of functional requirements, depending on the material from which they are made. Configuration of preparation, the technique and the materials used for cementing, and restorative materials can influence the type of resistance to fracture of these restorations. The ability of restorative materials to support the masticatory forces and distribution of stresses in the vicinity of the adhesive interface constitutes a decisive factor in acquiring a restoration with a high degree of resistance to fracture.