bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-operative budesonide irrigations for patients with polyposis: a blinded, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rawal Rounak B. , Deal Allison M. , Ebert Jr. Charles S. , Dhandha Vishal H. , Mitchell Candace A. , Hang Anna X. , Gore Mitchell R. , Senior Brent A. , Zanation Adam M.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To compare normal saline (NS) vs. NS+budesonide irrigations in post- functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis (CRSwNP). Currently, no evidence exists for NS+budesonide irrigation over NS irrigation alone. Study design: Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Methods: Subjects were prospectively enrolled to NS or NS+budesonide arms. Patients were evaluated at pre-operative and three post-operative visits (POV): POV1 (1-2 weeks post-op), POV2 (3-8 weeks post-op), and POV3 (3-6 months post-op). Patients were evaluated by three quality of life (QOL) questionnaires (SNOT-22, RSOM-31, and RSDI) and two olfaction scores (UPSIT and the PEA test). Results: Fifty patients were randomized, with 25 patients in the NS arm and 25 patients in the NS+budesonide arm. Two patients had unexpected pathology and were excluded from the study. By POV2 and POV3, patients experienced a significant improvement in all three QOL surveys, although the degree of improvement between arms was not significant up through POV3. Neither arm experienced significant olfactory improvement up through POV3. Conclusions: While both NS and NS+budesonide treatments improve QOL for post-FESS patients, neither intervention significantly increases QOL as compared to the other. Olfaction was not significantly improved in either treatment group.
Intranasal corticosteroids do not affect intraocular pressure or lens opacity: a systematic review of controlled trials
Authors: Ahmadi N. , Snidvongs K. , Kalish L. , Sacks R. , Tumuluri K. , Wilcsek G. , Harvey R.
Published: June 2021

Background: Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are prescribed for the long-term prophylactic treatment of inflammatory upper airway conditions. Although some systemic absorption can occur via topical routes, the clinical relevance is controversial. The effects of orally administered corticosteroids on intraocular pressure (IOP) and lens opacity (LO) are well established, but the impact of the INCS is less well defined. This study aims to systematically review the literature for evidence of adverse occular events with INCS use. Methodology: A systematic review of literature from Medline and Embase databases (January 1974 to 21st of November 2013) was performed. Using the PRISMA guidelines, all controlled clinical trials of patients using INCS, that reported original measures of IOP, LO, glaucoma or cataract incidences were included. Studies with adjuvant administration of oral, inhaled and intravenous steroids were excluded. Results: 665 articles were retrieved with 137 were considered for full-text review. Of these, 116 (85%) were literature reviews and two were case reports. 19 studies (10 RCTs, 1 case-control, 8 case series) were included for the qualitative review, of which 18 reported data on IOP and 10 on cataract/LO. None (n=0) of the 10 RCT reporting data on glaucoma or IOP demonstrated changes in IOP compared to control. Also none (n=0) of the 6 RCTs reporting cataract or lens opacity demonstrated changes compared to control. Conclusion: Data from studies with low levels of bias, do not demonstrate a clinically relevant impact of INCS on neither ocular pressure, glaucoma, lens opacity nor cataract formation.
Berberine reduce allergic inflammation in a house dust mite allergic rhinitis mouse model
Authors: Kim B.Y. , Park H.R. , Jeong H.G. , Kim S.W.
Published: June 2021

Background: Berberine (Ber), used widely as an antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory drug, has long been used as a gastrointestinal remedy in Chinese traditional medicine. Recent reports have suggested that Ber suppresses Th17 responses that was mediated by direct actions on T cells and thymic stromal lymphopoietin production in primary mast cells. It has been suggested that Ber may be useful in treating allergic response. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Ber treatment on allergic inflammation in an allergic rhinitis mouse model and to examine the underlying mechanism(s). Methods: BALB/c mice were divided into control, Derf with no treated (Derf), Ber treated, and Ber with anti-C25 monoclonal antibody treated (Ber + anti-CD25) groups. All mice, with the exception of the control group, were sensitized with an intraperitoneal i.p. injection of Dermatophagoides farinae (Derf). Mice in the Ber and Ber + anti-CD25 group were treated intranasally with 10 #181;g/mL. Then, 1 week after sensitization, all mice were challenged intranasally with 20 #181;g Derf for 5 consecutive days. Mice in the anti-CD25 group were treated intraperitoneally with 250 #181;g anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody 1 day before the first intra-nasal challenge with Derf. Allergic symptom scores, eosinophil counts, and serum Derf-specific IgE levels were measured. T-bet, GATA-3, interferon-g (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-13, and Foxp3 expression was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3⁺ T cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Results: Symptom scores, serum Derf-specific IgE levels, GATA-3 mRNA levels, T-bet mRNA levels, and tissue eosinophil counts were decreased in the Ber versus the Derf group. In the Ber + anti-CD25 group, serum IL-10 levels were decreased versus the control, Derf, and Ber groups. In the Ber + anti-CD25 mAb groups, Foxp3 mRNA levels were decreased versus the control group. In the Ber group, Foxp3 mRNA levels were increased versus the control group. In the Ber group, the percentage of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3⁺ T cells was increased versus the Derf group. The percentage of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3+ T cells was increased in the Ber versus the Derf groups. Conclusions: In our study, Ber reduced allergic inflammation significantly. Moreover, our findings suggest that the mechanism of action of Ber may be via CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Foxp3⁺ Treg cells, possibly through not only by increasing their numbers but also altering their function.
Primary school children often underestimate their nasal obstruction
Authors: Occasi Francesca , Duse Marzia , Vittori Tommaso , Rugiano Anna , Tancredi Giancarlo , De Castro Giovanna , Indinnimeo Luciana , Zicari Anna Maria
Published: June 2021

Background: No consensus has ever been reached about the correlation between nasal resistance and the subjective sensation of nasal patency. The aim of the present study was to better de ne whether primary school and secondary school aged children correctly estimate their nasal obstruction. Materials and methods: Two hundred eighty four children (168 males and 116 female) aged between 6 and 14 years (9.5+2.9 years) affected by Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis underwent Rhinomanometry and they were considered as correctly estimating their nasal obstruction when the grade of nasal patency corresponded to the severity of the NOSE score, overestimating when the grade of nasal patency was <1 when compared to the severity of the score, underestimating when the grade of nasal patency was >1 when compared to the severity of the score. Results: Correlation between NOSE score and nasal patency was statistically significant (r -0.74; p<0.001). Children between 6 and 9 years of age underestimate (43.7%) and children >12 overestimate (34.7%) their symptoms more frequently than children among other age ranges (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although NOSE score approximately allow to quantify nasal obstruction, in children, especially between 6 and 9 years of age, an objective measurement of nasal patency should be performed to better define the therapeutic approach.
Identifying the most important outcomes for systematic reviews of interventions for rhinosinusitis in adults: working with Patients, Public and Practitioners
Authors: Hopkins Claire , Philpott Carl , Crowe Sally , Regan Sandra , Degun Aneeka , Papachristou Iliatha , Schilder Anne G.M.
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Promoting the assessment of health interventions using outcomes that matter to patients and practitioners is a key principle of Cochrane. Cochrane UK therefore commissioned the OMIPP project: Outcomes that are Most Important for Patients, Public and Practitioners to identify the outcomes they felt most important and should be evaluated in Cochrane reviews of health interventions for Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methodology: Using direct emailing, social media and printed cards, an online survey was distributed to a wide range of people involved in the care of patients with CRS. Patients and practitioners were asked to list the 3 outcomes from treatments most important to them. Responses were analysed through development of a thematic framework based on the data. Results: Two hundred and thirty-five people completed the survey; 155 practitioners and 80 patients. Respondents provided 653 suggestions of important outcomes. 73% concerned symptoms of CRS, (nasal discharge or drip, facial pain, nasal blockage, headache, impaired sense of smell, congestion and breathing difficulties); 9% concerned quality of life, 4% reducing the need for further treatment and 4% side effects of treatment. Objective measurements of disease formed only 3% of responses. There was high level of agreement between patients and practitioners. Of 10 current Cochrane reviews on CRS, 9 include symptomatic outcomes identified by our survey as most important to patients and healthcare practitioners. Conclusions: We have identified outcomes that both patients and their doctors consider should be included in reviews evaluating treatments of rhinosinusitis. We recommend that primary outcomes in future reviews focus on symptom-based outcomes. The ability to extract these data from relevant trials is dependent upon their inclusion in trials, and so it is important that building on this work a core outcome set for rhinosinusitis research is developed.
The impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: Jiang Rong-San , Liang Kai-Li , Hsin Chung-Han , Sun Mao-Chang
Published: June 2021

Background: The nose plays an important role in sleep quality. Very little is known about sleep problems in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of CRS on sleep-disordered breathing. Methodology: CRS patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery were collected between July 2010 and May 2015. Before surgery, they filled 20-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test and Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaires, were asked about the severity of nasal obstruction, and received acoustic rhinometry, smell test, an endoscopic examination, sinus computed tomography, and a one-night polysomnography. Sleep quality was evaluated in these patients and was correlated with the severity of rhinosinusitis. Results: One hundred and thirty-nine CRS patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, 38.1% complained of daytime sleepiness, and this sleep problem was correlated with the symptom of nasal obstruction. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was diagnosed in 64.7% of the patients, but there was no correlation with the severity of rhinosinusitis. Nasal polyps did not worsen sleep problems in the CRS patients. Conclusions: This study showed that CRS patents had a high prevalence of OSAS, and worse OSAS in CRS patients was not correlated with the severity of rhinosinusitis.
Management of rhinosinusitis during pregnancy: systematic review and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Lal Devyani , Jategaonkar Ameya A. , Borish Larry , Chambliss Linda R. , Gnagi Sharon H. , Hwang Peter H. , Rank Matthew A. , Stankiewicz James A. , Lund Valerie J.
Published: June 2021

Background: Management of rhinosinusitis during pregnancy requires special considerations. Objectives: 1. Conduct a systematic literature review for acute and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) management during pregnancy. 2. Make evidence-based recommendations. Methods: The systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and relevant search terms. Title, abstract and full manuscript review were conducted by two authors independently. A multispecialty panel with expertise in management of Rhinological disorders, Allergy-Immunology, and Obstetrics-Gynecology was invited to review the systematic review. Recommendations were sought on use of following for CRS management during pregnancy: oral corticosteroids; antibiotics; leukotrienes; topical corticosteroid spray/irrigations/drops; aspirin desensitization; elective surgery for CRS with polyps prior to planned pregnancy; vaginal birth versus planned Caesarian for skull base erosions/ prior CSF rhinorrhea. Results: Eighty-eight manuscripts underwent full review after screening 3052 abstracts. No relevant level 1, 2, or 3 studies were found. Expert panel recommendations for rhinosinusitis management during pregnancy included continuing nasal corticosteroid sprays for CRS maintenance, using pregnancy-safe antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis and CRS exacerbations, and discontinuing aspirin desensitization for aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease. The manuscript presents detailed recommendations. Conclusions: The lack of evidence pertinent to managing rhinosinusitis during pregnancy warrants future trials. Expert recommendations constitute the current best available evidence.
Long term effects of olfactory training in patients with post-infectious olfactory loss
Authors: Konstantinidis I. , Tsakiropoulou E. , Constantinidis J.
Published: June 2021

Background: There is evidence of the effectiveness of repeated exposure to odours on short-term olfactory function. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of olfactory training. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 111 patients with post-infectious olfactory dysfunction. Two groups of patients performed olfactory training for 16 and 56 weeks, respectively, and were compared with a control group. The training was performed twice daily using four odours (phenyl ethyl alcohol, eucalyptol, citronellal, eugenol). Olfactory testing was performed by means of the Sniffin Sticks test as a baseline assessment and then every 8 weeks for 56 weeks. Subjective ratings were performed using a visual analogue scale (0-100). Results: Both training groups presented significantly higher scores than the controls. The long-term group had better results than the short-term group. Short-term training patients sustained their improvement within the follow-up period. Subsets analysis showed that training patients mainly increased identification and discrimination. Subjective ratings were in accordance with the olfactory test results. Conclusion: Long-term olfactory training seems to be associated with better results in patients with post-infectious olfactory loss than a short-term scheme. Short-term training provides sustainable results at 56 weeks follow-up assessment.
Cellular phenotyping of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Lou Hongfei , Meng Yifan , Piao Yingshi , Zhang Nan , Bachert Claus , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo
Published: June 2021

Background: Defining the phenotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with prognosis may lead to delivery of personalized treatment. This study aimed to identify cellular phenotypes of CRSwNP using cluster analysis and define an algorithm for different clusters associated with polyp recurrence. Methods: Overall, 366 patients with CRSwNP were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Eighteen variables, including clinical characteristics and tissue/peripheral inflammatory cells assessments, were selected for factor analysis. Unsupervised cluster analysis was performed after variables reduction and standardization and differences in polyp recurrence during follow-up for a minimum of 24 months were analysed among clusters. Discriminant analysis was further used to develop a clinically useful algorithm for predicting clustering. Results: Five phenotypic clusters were identified. Clusters 1 and 2 were plasma cell-dominant and lymphocyte-dominant phenotypes, respectively. Cluster 3 revealed a mixed inflammatory pattern. Cluster 4 was characterized by infiltration of predominantly neutrophils. Cluster 5 was characterized by a marked tissue eosinophilia and highest recurrence rate of 98.5%. The clinical algorithm predicted clustering with 93.7% accuracy. Conclusions: Chinese CRSwNP patients may be classified into five phenotypes with different polyp recurrence rates, based on the presence of predominantly plasma cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils or mixed inflammatory cells in polyps.
Ultrasound diagnosis of acrania with major low–lying placenta and polyhydramnios; case report
Authors: N. Oblitey Jared , K. Antwi William , O. Botwe Benard , K. Oblitey Mary
Published: June 2021

Acrania is a rare foetal anomaly in which the calvaria is absent, and the meninges come into direct contact with the amniotic fluid. Acrania is the most common anomaly in the acrania – exencephaly – anencephaly spectrum, with anincidence of 3.68 to 5.4 per 10,000 live births. We present a case of a primigravida who presented for an ultrasound on account of vaginal bleeding in early cyesis. Transabdominal ultrasound showed a viable foetus at 13 weeks without a calvaria, with the brain in direct contact with amniotic fluid. There was a low-lying placenta extending from the posterior to anterior part of the lower uterine segment, completely covering the internal cervical os (major low–lying placenta), a placental cyst and polyhydramnios (amniotic fluid index, AFI of 17 cm). A diagnosis of acrania with major low–lying placenta and polyhydramnios was made. Detailed ultrasound is required to detect acrania at 13 weeks. The diagnosis of acrania is required to help direct patient counselling and maternal expectation. When acrania and major low–lying placenta occur in the same patient, both diagnoses must be promptly made concurrently, regardless of gestational age and without waiting for placental trophotropism and migration to occur first.
Comparative Legal History
Authors: Tomlins Christopher
Published: June 2021

This research review has been written to serve two purposes. The first is to explain the coming-to-be of comparative legal history as a scholarly practice in both its European and its extra-European emphases. The second is to present exemplary research representing not only the comparative perspective’s concrete achievements to date, but also, and more pronouncedly, to stimulate the scholarly imagination. The review selects a key sampling of texts, which demonstrate how comparative legal history may be pursued and what it may achieve.
Multi-Classification of Fetal Health Status Using Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: KASIM Ömer
Published: June 2021

Cardiotocography (CTG) is used for monitoring the fetal heart rate signals during pregnancy. Evaluation of these signals by specialists provides information about fetal status. When a clinical decision support system is introduced with a system that can automatically classify these signals, it is more sensitive for experts to examine CTG data. In this study, CTG data were analysed with the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm and these data were classified as normal, suspicious and pathological as well as benign and malicious. The proposed method is validated with the University of California International CTG data set. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated with accuracy, f1 score, Cohen kappa, precision, and recall metrics. As a result of the experiments, binary classification accuracy was obtained as 99.29%. There was only 1 false positive.  When multi-class classification was performed, the accuracy was obtained as 98.12%.  The amount of false positives was found as 2. The processing time of the training and testing of the ELM algorithm were quite minimized in terms of data processing compared to the support vector machine and multi-layer perceptron. This result proved that a high classification accuracy was obtained by analysing the CTG data both binary and multiple classification.
Energy calculations of the (2P2 1D); (3D2 1G) and (4F2 1I) doubly excited states of helium isoelectronic sequence (z ≤ 20) via the modified atomic orbital theory
Authors:   Department of Physics, Atomes Lasers Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Sow Malick
Published: June 2021

We report in this paper the total energies of the 2p2 1D, 3d2 1G, 4f2 1I doubly excited states of Helium isoelectronic sequence with nuclear charge Z ≤ 20. Calculations are performed using the Modified Atomic Orbital Theory (MAOT) [1;2] in the framework of a variational procedure. The purpose of this study required a mathematical development of the Hamiltonian applied to Slater-type wave function [3] combining with Hylleraas-type wave function [4]. The study leads to analytical expressions which are carried out under special MAXIMA computational program. This proposed MAOT variational procedure, leads to accurate results in good agreement as well as with available other theoretical results than experimental data. In the present work, a new correlated wave function is presented to express analytically the total energies for each 2p2 1D, 3d2 1G, 4f 2 1I Doubly Excited States (DES) in the He-like systems. The present accurate data may be a useful guideline for future experimental and theoretical studies in the (nl2 ) systems.
Potentiel érosif de la pluie : identification du meilleur estimateur d’énergie cinétique de la pluie à partir des données de Drop Size Distribution (DSD) de pluies mesurées au nord-ouest du Bénin
Authors:   Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphere, Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou, Bénin, Adjikpe Loïc Saturnin ,   Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques, Natitingou, Bénin, Moumouni Sounmaïla , Kougbeagbede Hilaire , Massou Siaka
Published: June 2021

Le potentiel érosif de la pluie est sa capacité à provoquer l’érosion du sol. Son étude s’appuie sur l’énergie cinétique (KE) de la pluie qui peut être obtenue à partir de la distribution granulométrique des gouttes de pluie (en anglais Drop Size Distribution : DSD). Ce travail propose deux stimateurs de l’énergie cinétique de la pluie (KE) au Nord-Ouest du Bénin, l’un à partir de l’intensité de pluie (I) et l’autre à partir du facteur de réflectivité radar (Z) dans l’approximation de Raleigh. Les deux relations climatologiques KE-I et KE-Z sont établies à partir des données de DSD mesurées sur trois sites au Nord-Ouest du Bénin. L’énergie cinétique de la pluie a été évaluée par l’utilisation des relations KE-Z et KE-I. Ainsi, il est noté que la relation KE- Z est plus performante que la relation KE - I. Par ailleurs, en évaluant la sensibilité de ces relations KE- I et KE - Z au pas de temps d’intégration des spectres de DSD, il ressort que la performance de ces relations augmente avec le pas de temps d’intégration.
Modélisation du rayonnement solaire global incident sur un plan horizontal et incliné par quatre modèles semi-empiriques sur le site de la ville de Ouagadougou.
Authors:   Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Ouédraogo Souleymane , Zongo Augustin S , N’Zihou Jean-Fidèle , Daho Tizane ,   Laboratoire de Recherche Énergétique et de Météorologie de l’Espace(LAREME), Université Norbert ZONGO de Koudougou, Burkina Faso, Béré Antoine
Published: June 2021

Les paramètres météorologiques et radiométriques tels que le rayonnement solaire influencent fondamentalement la rentabilité et la performance des systèmes de conversion de l’énergie solaire. L’optimisation des convertisseurs d’énergie solaire dépend du modèle de rayonnement solaire utilisé. Cette étude porte sur l’estimation du rayonnement solaire incident global sur le plan horizontal et incliné sur le site de la ville de Ouagadougou. L’étude des quatre modèles de rayonnement solaire permet d’estimer le rayonnement solaire global incident sur un plan horizontal et incliné. Les différents modèles sont évalués sur une base graphique et statistique, en utilisant les indicateurs du coefficient de détermination de R^2, de l’erreur quadratique moyenne (RMSE) et le pourcentage de l'erreur absolue moyenne (MAPE). Les résultats obtenus avec les quatre modèles semi-empiriques ont été comparés avec les valeurs expérimentales instantanées mesurées sur le site de Ouagadougou. Les résultats montrent que le modèle semiempirique d’Eufrat présente la meilleure estimation du rayonnement solaire global pour le site de Ouagadougou.
Recherche de tendances récentes dans les séquences sèches : cas des stations synoptiques du Bénin
Authors:   Laboratoire de Physique du Rayonnement, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin, Gnihatin Darius B. A. , Lawin Agnidé Emmanuel , Akpo Aristide B. ,   Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
Published: June 2021

The deficit of last decade rain in West Africa and particularly in Benin pushes us to make the analysis of tendencies of the dry sequences of the tabular stations from daily raining data. The general objective of this survey is the research of rupture and tendency in the dry sequence sets in the period from 1970 to 2009 from daily raining data of the tabular stations of Benin. We have extract of data daily raining of six stations of Benin, the maximal dry sequence length and the dry sequence average in the period from1970 to 2009 and we analyzed the variation of maxima of length of dry sequences and their average on the period from 1970 to 2009.Then, to deepen analyses of tendency, we achieved some statistical tests have been applied to the set of the maxima dry sequence with the help of the software Khronostat. From the results, we can retain the existence of a reduction tendency of the dry sequence with breakpoint in 2006 in the station’s Cotonou. In opposition, an increase tendency with breakpoint in 1978 in the station’s Natitingou. And, a stationary tendency without breakpoint in the set of maxima of dry sequence length to the station of Bohicon, Savè, Parakou and Kandi.
Penghitungan Waktu Standard Pelaksanaan Inspeksi Phase 1 Pesawat Beechcraft King Air B 200 di Balai Besar Kalibrasi Fasilitas Penerbangan
Authors: Kurniawan Reja , Esthi Riyanti Lilies , Herwanto Djoko
Published: June 2021

Penelitian dilakukan di hanggar C Balai Besar Kalibrasi Fasilitas Penerbangan dengan objek penelitian pada inspeksi phase 1 pesawat King Air B 200 series. Observasi menggunakan metode stopwatch time study dengan instrument Westinghouse rating dan penambahan faktor-faktor allowance. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, maka didapatkan data rata-rata yang paling tinggi nilai rata-ratanya adalah pada section outboard wing dengan waktu rata-rata 1057,5 menit dan waktu rata-rata paling rendah adalah section operational check dengan waktu rata-rata 30 menit. Setelah memproses data waktu rata-rata dari hasil observasi menggunakan metode Westinghouse rating didapat waktu normal pada setiap section pengerjaannya. Dengan memperhatikan faktor penyesuaian (p) dari metode Westinghouse maka didapat waktu normal paling tinggi pada section outboard wing dengan waktu 1194,97 menit dan waktu paling rendah pada section operational check dengan waktu 33,9 menit.Setelah melakukan observasi di hanggar C Balai Besar Kalibrasi Fasilitas Penerbangan (BBKFP) pada pengerjaan inspeksi phase 1 pesawat King Air B200 diperoleh allowance pada setiap section pengerjaan task card inspeksi phase 1. Dengan nilai allowance terbesar adalah pada engine cowling area dan cabin section sebesar 40,50%. Sedangkan untuk nilai allowance terkecil adalah pada section rear fuselage and empennage sebesar 22,50%..Dari waktu normal setiap section pengerjaan inspeksi phase 1 dan penambahan faktor penyesuaian (p) dan allowance maka diperoleh waktu standard pada setiap section pengerjaan inspeksi phase 1. Dengan menjumlahkan waktu standard dari setiap section maka diperoleh total waktu standard dari inspeksi phase 1sebesar 6208,661 menit atau 103, 5 jam.
Las prácticas sanitarias en tiempos de epidemia en la Sevilla del siglo XVII según los enfermeros Obregones
Authors: García Martínez Antonio Claret
Published: June 2021

En 1635 fundan los enfermeros Obregones en Sevilla el Hospital de Convalecientes de Ntra. Sra. del Buen Suceso y desarrollaron una ingente actividad asistencial, que se hizo especialmente difícil con las sucesivas epidemias que sufrió la ciudad. Con estos enfermeros llegó a Andalucía una forma de entender la Enfermería que poseía ya a comienzos del siglo XVII un reconocimiento social muy importante. Dentro de su ideal de vida como enfermeros, los hermanos Obregones incluyeron la asistencia a los pobres enfermos hasta en las condiciones más difíciles y dramáticas, como eran las epidemias que asolaron a toda Andalucía entre los siglos XVI y XVII y lo hicieron con los conocimientos, cuidados enfermeros, terapéutica y remedios existentes en la época.
Reflexões sobre uma oficina virtual sobre a história e silenciamento da epidemia de HIV/AIDS no Brasil.
Authors: Freitas Ítalo Rocha , Prado Nina Garcia de Almeida , Labat Larissa de Miguel , Oliveira Danilo Santos de , Souza Marina Ventura Alves de , Bardella Mariana Ungaro , Kauano Rafael Vitame
Published: June 2021

Este relato descreve uma oficina virtual problematizando, através de uma ótica não cientificista, o atual silenciamento e opressões associadas à epidemia de HIV/AIDS no Brasil. A oficina foi mediada por licenciandas em Ciências Biológicas em um projeto de estágio supervisionado e fora estruturada em dois encontros síncronos e assíncronos. No primeiro encontro, foi construída uma nuvem de palavras e houve exibição de um videoclipe sobre a temática. Durante a semana intermediária, um conjunto de documentos históricos e trechos de documentário foram postados para discussões nos comentários. Por fim, estes materiais foram retomados para embasar a discussão final. Destaca-se como ponto positivo a troca de experiências e conhecimentos entre participantes e educadores o que consolidou a oficina como espaço de diálogo, aproximando-a das proposições da pedagogia Freireana.
ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK EKONOMİ AÇISINDAN BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİNİN ÖNEMİ VE BİLGİ YEDİEMİNLİĞİ KAVRAMI
Authors: AL Arzu , AKGÜNDÜZ Bilal
Published: June 2021

Tarih boyunca dünya, doğal kaynaklar etrafında cereyan eden birçok çatışmaya sahne olmuştur. Bugün ise, devlet ve çok uluslu şirketlerin farklı bir kaynaktan pay elde edebilmek için faaliyet yürüttüğü görülmektedir. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini kullanan ekipman ve hizmetlerin ürettiği bilgi, bunun en güzel örneğidir. Sanayi İnkılabı’nın üçüncü dalgasının başladığı tarihten günümüze kadar bilgi; siyasi, ekonomik, toplumsal ve ideolojik birçok tartışmanın konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, kritik bir güç kaynağı olarak bilgi ve onun politik ekonomi açısından önemi sorgulanacak, siyasi ve ekonomik gelişmeleri değerlendirmede oynadığı rol ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenecektir. Çalışmada ayrıca devlet, şirket ve toplum arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi daha iyi anlayabilmek için bilgi güvenliği, bilgi yönetimi ve bilgi akışının kontrolü ile ilgisi bulunan bilgi yedieminliği kavramı literatürdeki kıt kaynaklar dikkate alınarak açıklanacaktır.
Linfoma de colon
Authors: Zavalia Marcos
Published: June 2021

RESUMENIntroducción: El linfoma primario de colon es una enfermedad infrecuente, representando el 0.2 al 0,6% de los canceres colorrectales. El tracto gastrointestinal es donde asientan la mayoría de los linfomas extranodales. Por lo general son linfomas no Hodking. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento de una patología infrecuente del colon, a partir de un caso clínico. Lugar de aplicación: Institución privada. Paciente y método: Paciente masculino de 53 años, operado, con diagnóstico anatomopatólógico de linfoma colónica. Resultados: Se realizó colectomía derecha, por tumor de ciego perforado. Conclusiones: Es una entidad poco frecuente, que principalmente involucra el colon proximal al ángulo hepático. La combinación de cirugía y quimioterapia, es el tratamiento de elección.Palabras clave: Linfoma. Colon
DECAY WIDTH MODELING OF HIGGS BOSON WITHIN THDM MODEL
Authors: Obikhod T.V. , Petrenko E.A.
Published: June 2021

As part of the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model, we chose the determination of the Higgs boson decay width as one of the least experimentally determined values. The decay widths into the four fermions of the lightest and heaviest CP-even Higgs bosons of the THDM model were calculated, taking into account QCD and electroweak corrections in the NLO approximation. To achieve this goal, the program Monte Carlo Prophecy 4f with special scenarios of parameters, 7B1 and 5B1 were used. It was found that the decay width of the heavier CPeven Higgs boson H differs from HSM by 1227.93 times and changes to a negative value when deviating from the standard scenarios. Scale factors kZ2 and kW2 showed the predominance of the associated with Z boson production cross section of CP-even Higgs boson over the associated with W production cross section.
MULTI-PURPOSE MODES OF FORMATION OF ELECTRON BEAMS IN THE CYLINDRICAL MAGNETIC FIELD OF THE MAGNETRON GUN
Authors: Mazmanishvili A.S. , Reshetnyak N.G.
Published: June 2021

The results of the study on the formation of electron beams by the magnetron gun at various configurations of the magnetic field in the beam transport channel are presented. A technique for modeling the processes of formation of electron flows and control of the distribution of beams by collimation is presented. Numerical simulation of the dynamics of electron beams in the magnetic field of the gun for its various configurations has been carried out. Experimental data on the transportation and collimation of electron beams are presented. The possibility of stable formation of an electron beam in the axial direction during its transportation is shown. Imprints of the collimated electron beam were obtained on metal targets. The possibility of controlling the beam diameter by varying the magnetic field is shown. Comparison of the results of numerical modeling and experimental data on the motion and collimation of the tubular electron flow is carried out.
Negra Intelectual na Biblioteconomia do Cariri Cearense
Authors: Silva Dávila Maria Feitosa da , Valério Erinaldo Dias , Carmo Nicácia Lina do
Published: June 2021

Apresenta uma reflexão sobre a contribuição da professora negra intelectual Dra. Joselina da Silva, para os estudos sobre as relações étnico-raciais, sociais e de gênero no curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus Cariri. Discute a importância dessa negra intelectual para a consolidação da Biblioteconomia negra brasileira. Informa que as discussões sobre as relações étnico-raciais na formação de bibliotecárias/os no Brasil têm se dado a partir das iniciativas de diferentes negras/os intelectuais brasileiras/os. Adota como metodologia a característica de pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa e coleta os dados por meio do currículo da referida professora indexado na plataforma lattes. Informa que a professora Joselina da Silva é uma intelectual negra, carioca, nascida e criada no âmbito religioso de matriz africana, possui uma trajetória notória na academia e nos movimentos sociais negros. Explica que a mesma atuou no curso de Biblioteconomia e coordenou o Núcleo Brasileiro Latino Americano e Caribenho de Estudos em Relações Raciais, Gênero e Movimentos Sociais – (N´BLAC). Cita que esta pesquisa é desenvolvida no âmbito do Alaye - laboratório de pesquisa em informação antirracista e sujeitos informacionais. Finaliza apontando que a atuação da professora tem proporcionado a formação de pessoas bibliotecárias comprometidas no fazer acadêmico, pedagógico e profissional com a educação das relações étnico-raciais, de modo que, os serviços e produtos de informação possam contemplar as necessidades informacionais de pessoas negras independente do ambiente em que estejam inseridas.
Funcionamiento familiar en relación con la conducta sexual de riesgo en adolescentes: Una revisión integradora de la literatura
Authors: Guzmán Alvaro Fabián Auquilla
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La adolescencia es reconocida como una etapa donde suceden cambios acelerados a nivel biopsicosocial en el ser humano, durante esta etapa la interacción dentro del ámbito familiar permite que el adolescente aprenda distintas actitudes con respecto a cómo vivenciar la sexualidad, sin embargo, la búsqueda de nuevas experiencias puede favorecer la manifestación de conductas sexuales de riesgo poniendo en riesgo su salud sexual y reproductiva. Objetivo: Explorar las variables correspondientes a la funcionalidad familiar y su relación con las conductas sexuales de riesgo en población adolescente. Método: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, y Google Académico. Resultados: Los hallazgos encontrados pusieron en evidencia que las conductas sexuales de riesgo más representativas en los adolescentes fueron el embarazo adolescente, las infecciones de transmisión sexual, el número de parejas sexuales, el uso inconsistente de métodos anticonceptivos y el inicio temprano de relaciones sexuales, y que la disfuncionalidad familiar está caracterizada por un clima familiar hostil, bajos niveles de cohesión, muestras de afectividad escasas, estilos de crianza permisivo y autoritario, niveles bajos de monitorización y supervisión parental. Conclusión: A partir de la literatura revisada se destaca la importancia de potenciar los programas de educación sexual dirigidos a la población adolescente que incluyan las variables del funcionamiento familiar encontradas en esta investigación con la finalidad de potenciar los recursos con los que disponen los progenitores y fortalecer los vínculos filio-parentales
El aprendizaje autorregulado y los periódicos escolares
Authors: Marrucci Claudio
Published: June 2021

Los periódicos escolares tienen una larga tradición educativa: hay ejemplos que se remontan al siglo pasado, es decir, cuando la mayoría de las teorías y de los enfoques pedagógicos modernos todavía tenían que desarrollarse. Sin embargo, la literatura científica sobre esta actividad es relativamente escasa. Esta tesis se propone investigar los periódicos escolares desde el punto de vista del aprendizaje autorregulado. En particular, el objetivo de esta investigación es comprobar si hay una relación positiva entre la autorregulación y la participación en proyectos de periódicos escolares. Para alcanzar esta meta, se estudiarán tres grupos de estudiantes que acuden al mismo centro: el IIS Luigi Enaudi, en Roma. De los tres grupos, uno realizará un periódico web, otro un periódico tradicional y el último será un grupo de control. La metodología adoptada será mixta: cualitativa y cuantitativa. El diseño del análisis cualitativo se basará en un estudio de casos a través de entrevistas abiertas a estudiantes y docentes y a través de la observación directa de unas reuniones de redacción. Para el análisis cuantitativo el diseño será cuasi experimental y se prevé el uso de una versión del Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MLSQ) validada para estudiantes italianos de secundaria por parte de un equipo de profesores de la Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. En cuanto a los resultados, se espera que el grupo del periódico web sea el que mejor logre autorregular su aprendizaje, siendo las características de su proyecto las más cercanas a las premisas teóricas de la autorregulación del aprendizaje.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR STUDYING THE SOCIAL ATTENTION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS BY THE EYE TRACKING METHOD (PRELIMINARY RESULTS)
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey N. , Belova Anna N. , Volovik Mikhail G. , Vorob’eva Olga V. , Khalak Maria E.
Published: June 2021

Development of social skills is an essential condition for the habilitation of children suffering from autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The method of eye tracking (ET) opens up great opportunities for studying social attention in this contingent of people with disabilities. The aim of the study is to form a set of stimulus materials for dynamic ET-testing of eye movement patterns that are sensitive to changes in the level of social attention in preschool-age children with ASD. The selection of stimulus content included the definition of requirements for the quality of the images presented, storage and encoding of stimuli, the development of the procedure for presenting stimuli and the methodology for processing the ET-data. The stimulus material was tested on a group of healthy adults. The developed approach to the formation of standardized stimulus content for testing the social attention of children with ASD by the eye tracking method takes into account the level of children's attention to images, the degree of differences in the results of ET obtained in children of typical development and in children with ASD, as well as the intensity of the dynamics in ET indicators in improvement of clinical indicators in children with ASD.
CHANGES IN THE INDICATORS OF THE GENERAL BLOOD TEST AND COAGULOGRAM IN A MILD COURSE OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Timofeeva Natalya Yu. , Kostrova Olga Yu. , Stomenskaya Irina S. , Bubnova Natalia V.
Published: June 2021

In 2020 the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection spread in almost all countries of the world. The danger of this infection lies in the damage to the lungs, which can lead to fatal outcomes. The success of treatment is largely determined by the early diagnosis of the disease and its timely treatment. In order to find the ways of early laboratory diagnosis of coronavirus infection, we studied changes in peripheral blood indicators, coagulograms and C-reactive protein in 56 outpatient patients with mild course of coronavirus infection, whose average age was 49±2 years (among them, 23.2% were men and 66.8% were women). In all patients, coronavirus infection was confirmed by the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal smears. Signs of lung damage were detected in 66% of patients according to computed tomography findings. The number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin in all patients were normal. In 7% of patients, thrombocytopenia was detected, in 5.3% of patients – thrombocytosis. The most pronounced changes are foundin the leucoformula and indicators of the blood coagulation system. In 12.5% of patients without signs of viral pneumonia, leukocytosis was detected. All cases of leukopenia were noted only against the background of lung damage, at this, in 16% lymphopenia was found, 43% had relative lymphocytosis. The coagulogram of more than half of the patients with pneumonia showed shortening of blood clotting in the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test, an increase in prothrombin index(PI) and the content of fibrinogen. The level of C-reactive protein was increased in only a quarter of patients with mild lung damage. Thus, changes in the leucoformula against the background of a tendency to hypercoagulation in blood clotting indicators should cause doctors' apprehensive attitude when treating a patient with clinical symptoms similar to COVID-19.
Abtadi English Program to Improve the Production of Descriptive Texts in Peruvian Students
Authors: Díaz Abel Tapia- , Vargas Isabel Menacho- , Díaz Maribel Cubas- , Moreno Jenny Grados- , Álvarez María Ysabel Huari-
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine to what extent the Abtadi strategy and collaborative learning improve the production of descriptive texts in English. It is a study with a quantitative approach, applied type and a quasi-experimental design, it had 82 students as a population, the evaluation instrument was a rubric, for hypothesis testing the Krukal Wallis statistic was used. Likewise, from the results of the hypothesis tests, it was obtained that the average range of the 3 groups are different and whose significance is .000, with p<0.05, it is interpreted that the researcher's hypothesis must be accepted. And consequently, it is inferred that the Abtadi strategy improves the production of descriptive texts in English and in their respective dimensions through G-suite for education, in this context of a global pandemic and remote teaching.
Digital Language Teaching in Indonesia: A Framework on Covid-19 Pandemics
Authors: Muzaki Ferril Irham
Published: June 2021

This article aims to formulate the concept of learning administration made in digital format and centralized in the database of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. In this study, learning administration starting from the Sillabus, Learning Process Design and Evaluation was inputted into the Ministry of Education and Culture's database for the next process, partner teachers who collaborated in the learning process could use it. This article produces a concept, namely (1) technically, teachers can enter learning administration data online as long as the existence of a fiber optic network is adequate, (2) digitalized and centralized learning administration can be carried out as long as regulations provide room for development and (3) from the point of view of the availability of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) it can be done with web database supporting software. The results of this research are expected to be input for policy makers in implementing the administration of Indonesian language learning in thematic elementary schools in a digitalized and centralized manner in a server room at the Ministry of Education and Culture.
Muşlu Şair Nûrî’nin Adnan Menderes’e Yazdığı Kürtçe Mersiyeler
Authors: KARDAŞ Sedat
Published: June 2021

Klasik edebiyatta, ölen birinin ardından duyulan üzüntüyü dile getirmek, o kişinin iyi taraflarını anlatmak ve ölene karşı şairin ilgisini ifade etmek üzere yazılmış şiirlere mersiye adı verilmektedir. Mersiyeler, insan ölümleri çevresinde oluşmuş bir tür olmasına karşılık, savaşlarda kaybedilen yerleşim yerleri, şehirler, kedi ve at gibi çok sevilen hayvanlar için yazılmış mersiye örnekleri de mevcuttur. Mersiyeler, genellikle türün ilk örneklerine paralel olarak devlet büyüklerine yönelik yazılmıştır. Mersiye yazılan devlet büyüklerinden biri de Adnan Menderes’tir. İdamı günümüzde bile gündeme gelen ve bir dönem başbakanlık yapmış olan Adnan Menderes için mersiye yazan şairlerden birisi de Mele Nurullah Godîşkî olarak tanınan şair Nûrî’dir. Döneminde tanıklık etmiş olduğu bazı önemli siyasi, tarihi ve sosyal gelişmelerle ilgili şiirler yazmış olan şairin mersiye tarzında Adnan Menderes için yazdığı Menderes redifli üç kasidesi bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mersiye edebî türü ve özellikleri üzerinde durulduktan sonra, Muşlu şair Nûrî tarafından Adnan Menderes için yazılmış olan mersiye türündeki üç manzume çeşitli yönlerden incelenecektir.
Recommendations for Making Okada Safer and Better for Urban Mobility
Authors: ZAVA Aper
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Okada is the common name for motorcycle taxis in Nigeria. Despite its huge benefits to urban travel, its growing popularity has aroused serious public concerns bordering chiefly on the recklessness and unruly behaviour of Okada operators. These concerns have led to prohibition or restriction of Okada operation in some cities, which is not in the best interest of the public. This study was undertaken to determine what needs to be done to make Okada safer and better. The objectives of the study were to: investigate Okada operators’ characteristics; know why and how people become Okada operators; determine the prevalence rates of various Okada crash scenarios; and to propose recommendations for making Okada safer and better for urban travel. The study found that the problems associated with Okada derive mainly from lack of training of the operators and absence of regulation of its operation. To make Okada safer and better, the study recommended the following measures: introduction of a compulsory motorcycle training program for prospective Okada operators, regulation of entry into Okada, provision of a fool-proof means of identification of Okada operators, and provision of separate Okada paths/lanes on busy corridors.