bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Preoperative Evaluation of Infective Endocarditis via 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Yong Matthew S. , Saxena Pankaj , Killu Ammar M. , Coffey Sean , Burkhart Harold M. , Wan Siu-Hin , Malouf Joseph F.
Published: August 2015

Transesophageal echocardiography continues to have a central role in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis and its sequelae. Recent technological advances offer the option of 3-dimensional imaging in the evaluation of patients with infective endocarditis. We present an illustrative case and review the literature regarding the potential advantages and limitations of 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of complicated infective endocarditis.

A 51-year-old man, an intravenous drug user who had undergone bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement 5 months earlier, presented with prosthetic valve endocarditis. Preoperative transesophageal echocardiography with 3D rendition revealed a large abscess involving the mitral aortic intervalvular fibrosa, together with a mycotic aneurysm that had ruptured into the left atrium, resulting in a left ventricle-to-left atrium fistula. Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography enabled superior preoperative anatomic delineation and surgical planning. We conclude that 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography can be a useful adjunct to traditional 2-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography as a tool in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis.
KINETIKA REAKSI SINTHESIS BIOMATERIAL HIDROXYAPATITE DENGAN JENIS PREKURSOR NITRAT DAN ASETAT
Authors: Setiawan Adhi , Widiyastuti W , Winardi Sugeng , Nugroho Agung
Published: August 2015

Hidroxyapatite (HAp) merupakan salah satu biomaterial yang banyak diaplikasikan dalam dunia medis untuk membuat implant jaringan tubuh terutama tulang dan gigi sehingga kemurnian produk HAp memegang peranan yang cukup penting. Agar diperoleh HAp dengan kemurnian tinggi, kinetika reaksi pembentukan HAp harus diketahui secara jelas. Metode yang digunakan untuk memperoleh kinetika reaksi HAp adalah dengan analisis TG-DTA  yang dilakukan pada dua jenis prekursor HAp yaitu asetat dan nitrat. Metode TG-DTA tersebut dilakukan dengan memanaskan prekursor HAp dengan variasi laju pemanasan 10, 15, 17, dan 20 oC/menit. Hasil analisis TG-DTA menunjukkan bahwa reaksi dekomposisi prekursor asetat dan nitrat membentuk HAp masing-masing terjadi pada suhu 659 oC dan 560 oC. Hasil fitting parameter kinetika menunjukkan bahwa energi aktivasi pembentukan HAp pada prekursor asetat sebesar 161,56 kJ/mol  dengan model kinetika Normal Grain Growth sedangkan pada prekursor nitrat sebesar 374 kJ/mol dengan model kinetika Johnson-Mehl-Avrami. Kata kunci: Biomaterial, hidroxypapatite, Dekomposisi, Energi Aktivasi ABSTRACT KINETIC STUDY OF THE BIOMATERIAS HIDOXYAPATITE SINTHESIS WITH PRECURSOR NITRATE AND  ACETATE. Hidroxyapatite (HAp) is one of the biomaterials widely applied in the medical world to make implant tissues of the body, especially bones and teeth so that the purity of the HAp plays a fairly important. In order to obtain high purity HAp, reaction kinetics should be known clearly. TG-DTA  is method used to obtain the reaction kinetics of HAp.TG-DTA analyzes were conducted on precursors acetate and nitrate. TG-DTA method is carried out by heating HAp precursor with variation heating rate 10, 15, 17, and 20° C/min respectively. The results of TG-DTA  showed decomposition precursor acetate and nitrate formed HAp occurs on temperature 659° C and 560° C respectively. The results of the fitting kinetic showed activation energy of  the HAp formation on acetate precursors about 161.56 kJ/mol with Normal Grain Growth kinetic model whereas the nitrate precursor about 374 kJ/mol with Johnson-Mehl-Avrami  kinetic model.
PENGOLAHAN PRIMER LIMBAH TEKSTIL DENGAN ELEKTROKOAGULASI
Authors: Riadi Lieke , Ferydhiwati Whenny , Loeman Liok Dimas Sanjaya
Published: August 2015

Limbah industri tekstil di area pinggir kota Surabaya mempunyai karakteristik perbandingan COD dan BOD = 5.57. Limbah jenis ini sulit untuk dibiodegradasi. Studi ini mempelajari tekonologi elektrokoagulasi untuk mengolah limbah tekstil dengan menurunkan intensitas warna, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Percobaan batch pada suhu kamar dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pH, jarak elektroda terhadap penurunan warna,TSS dan COD dan membandingkan biaya operasinya jika menggunakan pengolahan kimia.Effisiensi penurunan tertinggi untuk warna (91.96%),  TSS (49.17%), dan COD (29.67%) terjadi pada pH awal 4.0 dan jarak elektroda 2 cm dengan  elektroda Al/Al. Waktu optimum penurunan intensitas warna dalah 10 menit. Laju penurunan COD adalah : -dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056 , dengan C adalah konsentrasi COD. Jumlah sludge yang dihasilkan daripengolahan elektrokoagulasi  3.4 % lebih kecil dibandingkan menggunakan bahan kimia. Biaya yang digunakan untuk pengolahan dengan elektrokoagulasi 52.35 % lebih murah dibandingkan jika menggunakan koagulasi dengan bahan kimia ( tawas). Kata kunci : elektrokoagulasi, penurunan warna, penurunan TSS, laju degradasi COD, imbah tekstil Abstract Waste water from textile industry which is located in one suburb of Surabaya city as characteristic which the ratio of COD to BOD was 5.57. This type of waste water is difficult to be biodegraded. This study investigated elektrokoagulasi technology to treat textile waste water by removing color, total suspended solid, and Chemical Oxygen Demand. Batch experiment at room temperature was carried out to study the effect of pH, electrode distance for color, TSS and COD removal. This study also tried to compare the operation cost between elektrokoagulasi and chemical processes. The best removal efficiencies by Al electrodes was 91.96 % for color, 49.17 % for TSS and 29.67 % for COD which were under initial pH 4.0 and electrodes distance 2 cm. The optimum operation time for color removal was  found 10 minutes.The COD degradation rate was - dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056, with C= COD concentration. Sludge result from elektrokoagulasi was 3.4 % less than that by chemical treatment.The operation cost for elektrokoagulasi is 52.35 % less than that for chemical coagulation.
Produksi Bioetanol dari Bahan Baku Singkong, Jagung dan Iles-iles :Pengaruh Suhu Fermentasi dan Berat Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kusmiyati K. , Shitophyta Lukhi Mulia
Published: August 2015

Kebutuhan bahan bakar di masa sekarang semakin bertambah besar sehingga berdampak pada menipisnya sumber bahan bakar dan meningkatnya polusi udara di lingkungan. Penggunaan bahan bakar alternatif dari sumber non fosil merupakan pilihan terbaik sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil. Bioetanol merupakan salah satu energi alternatif yang tepat digunakan baik di masa sekarang ataupun di masa yang akan datang. Bahan baku etanol yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah singkong, dan iles-iles.Variabel penelitian yang diamati temperatur fermentasi (30°C; 40°C;­­ 50°C) dan komposisi Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2,5 g; 5 g; 10 g; 15 g) Proses pembuatan bioetanol terdiri dari hidrolisis enzim yaitun likuifikasi menggunakan a-amylase1,6% v/w (t = 1 jam; T = 95-100°C; pH 6) dan sakarifikasi menggunakan b-amylase 3,2% v/w (t = 4 jam; T = 60°C; pH 5) serta proses fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( t = 120 jam; pH 4,5; yeast 5 g). Kadar etanol tertinggi dihasilkan pada temperatur fermentasi 30°C untuk semua bahan baku dengan kadar etanol masing-masing 83,43 g/L untuk singkong,80,77 g/L untuk jagung,dan 79,94 g/L untuk iles-iles.
In vitro comparison of two changeover methods for vasoactive drug infusion pumps: quick-change versus automated relay
Authors: Genay Stéphanie , Décaudin Bertrand , Lédé Sébastien , Feutry Frédéric , Barthélémy Christine , Lebuffe Gilles , Odou Pascal
Published: August 2015

This study aimed to compare
Gender comparisons of adolescents’ anthropometry and blood pressure in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Omisore Bridget , Omisore Akinlolu G. , Abioye-Kuteyi Emmanuel Akintunde
Published: August 2015

Background: Adolescents are in their formative years, and they experience several changes including anthropometric changes. Significant weight gain occurs in adolescence, and increasingly, obesity and consequent increase in blood pressure (BP) are found in adolescents.

Objective: This study compared anthropometric and BP measurements in male and female adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1000 adolescents (510 males and 490 females) were selected by multi-stage sampling from eight secondary schools. Pertinent information was collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 version, and the means of anthropometric indices and blood pressures in males and females were compared using independent t-test.

Results: The mean age for male respondents was 13.83 years (SD 2.12) and for females 13.62 (SD 1.96). Generally, anthropometric indices gradually increased from the lower ages to the higher ages in both males and females. The mean height was the same for both males and females (1.54 m), while the mean weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were significantly higher in females than in males (p<0.05). A significantly higher proportion of females compared with males were overweight (10.2%, 5.3%) and obese (3.9%, 2.0%), respectively. The overall prevalence of “hypertension,” was 4.1% and more females (70.7%) had “hypertension” than males (29.3%).

Conclusion: Females were heavier and constituted the greater proportion of those who had elevated BP. Adequate attention needs to be given to the challenging problems of overweight and obesity to forestall development of hypertension in adolescents, especially female adolescents.
Prevalence and incidence of mental health problems among Dutch medical students and the study-related and personal risk factors: a longitudinal study
Authors: Borst Jorien M. , Frings-Dresen Monique H.W. , Sluiter Judith K.
Published: August 2015

Background:

A high prevalence of mental health problems (i.e. depression and/or anxiety) has been found in medical students in comparison with the general population. Therefore, the objective was first to study the prevalence and 1-year incidence of symptoms of depression, anxiety and any mental health problems among Dutch medical students and, second, to study which study-related and personal factors present a risk of these mental health problems.

Methods:

A 1-year prospective longitudinal study was performed among medical students of two medical faculties in the Netherlands (n=951). Health problems and study-related and personal factors were measured with an online questionnaire. Mental health problems were assessed by depression and/or anxiety symptoms (BSI-DEP and BSI-ANG). Univariate and multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to examine which of the study-related and personal factors predict mental health problems.

Results:

At follow-up, 36%, 28% and 48% of the medical students reported symptoms of depression, anxiety and mental health problems, respectively. The incidence between 2010 and 2011 for depression was 20%, 17% for anxiety and 25% for mental health problems. Students who are worried about their own health during medical education are at an increased risk of future mental health problems (OR 2.0 [1.3–2.9], p=0.00). Excessive drinking behavior is a protective factor in this study (OR 0.7 [0.5–0.9], p=0.02).

Conclusion:

This study shows that only two out of nine factors are significantly associated with mental health problems among Dutch medical students, one risk factor and one protective factor.
Optimal Placement of Distributed Generation Units in a Distribution System with Uncertain Topologies using Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Donadel Clainer Bravin , Fardin Jussara Farias , Encarnação Lucas Frizera
Published: August 2015

In the literature, several papers propose new methodologies to determine the optimal placement/sizing of medium size Distributed Generation Units (DGs), using heuristic algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). However, in all methodologies, the optimal placement solution is strongly dependent of network topologies. Therefore, a specific solution is valid only for a particular network topology. Furthermore, such methodologies does not consider the presence of small DGs, whose connection point cannot be defined by Distribution Network Operators (DNOs). In this paper it is proposed a new methodology to determine the optimal location of medium size DGs in a distribution system with uncertain topologies, considering the particular behavior of small DGs, using Monte Carlo Simulation.
Student Engagement: A Principle-Based Concept Analysis
Authors: Bernard Jean S.
Published: August 2015

A principle-based concept analysis of student engagement was used to examine the state of the science across disciplines. Four major perspectives of philosophy of science guided analysis and provided a framework for study of interrelationships and integration of conceptual components which then resulted in formulation of a theoretical definition. Findings revealed student engagement as a dynamic reiterative process marked by positive behavioral, cognitive, and affective elements exhibited in pursuit of deep learning. This process is influenced by a broader sociocultural environment bound by contextual preconditions of self-investment, motivation, and a valuing of learning. Outcomes of student engagement include satisfaction, sense of well-being, and personal development. Findings of this analysis prove relevant to nursing education as faculty transition from traditional teaching paradigms, incorporate learner-centered strategies, and adopt innovative pedagogical methodologies. It lends support for curricula reform, development of more accurate evaluative measures, and creation of meaningful teaching-learning environments within the discipline.
Re-thinking language conflict: challenges and options
Authors: Vetter Eva
Published: August 2015

This paper looks at language conflict through a multilingual and super-diverse lens. The objective is to re-think some of the theoretical assumptions of conflict research and to suggest new lines of thought. In a first step, conflict research is described against the background of some common assumptions. It is then argued that the common understanding behind the notion of language and community is being increasingly challenged. In doing so, the focus is on questioning the separatedness and boundedness of these notions.Furthermore, it is claimed that the concept of “hybridity” does not present a simple solution to the dilemma. The new lines of thought address issues of research as well as language policy and seek to combine postmodern notions such as translingual practice with conflict research.
Language and identity in the context of conflict: the case of ethnolinguistic communities in South Darfur State
Authors: Garri Dhahawi S. A. , Mugaddam Abdel Rahim Hamid
Published: August 2015

This study investigates the patterns of self-assertiveness by using Arabic and other native languages among the ethnic groups characterised by ethnolinguistic vitality in Nyala, the capital of South Darfur State, and the satellite internally displaced persons’ camps. The study also looks into how these communities perceived the role their native languages could play in the construction of their ethnic identities. In addition, factors influencing the construction of ethnic identities were investigated. Data pertaining to language perceptions on identity, and the role of conflict in the process of identity construction were collected. To this end, four tools were employed to collect the data: a thirteen-item questionnaire administered to 711 respondents; 12 focus group discussions held with 112 participants; in-depth interviews with 20 persons; and participant observations. The study came to a number of conclusions, the most important of which were: (a) the communities investigated were found to have revitalised their native languages by taking pride in them in different domains; (b) there was a perceived aversion towards Arabic across the groups studied; (c) there was a conscious revitalisation of ethnolinguistic identities; and (d) the current conflict has played an important role in the emergence of revitalised ethnolinguistic identities.
An Experimental Comparison of Modeling Techniques and Combination of Speaker – Specific Information from Different Languages for Multilingual Speaker Identification
Authors: Jayanna H.S. , Nagaraja B.G.
Published: August 2015

Most of the state-of-the-art speaker identification systems work on a monolingual (preferably English) scenario. Therefore, English-language autocratic countries can use the system efficiently for speaker recognition. However, there are many countries, including India, that are multilingual in nature. People in such countries have habituated to speak multiple languages. The existing speaker identification system may yield poor performance if a speaker’s train and test data are in different languages. Thus, developing a robust multilingual speaker identification system is an issue in many countries. In this work, an experimental evaluation of the modeling techniques, including self-organizing map (SOM), learning vector quantization (LVQ), and Gaussian mixture model-universal background model (GMM-UBM) classifiers for multilingual speaker identification, is presented. The monolingual and crosslingual speaker identification studies are conducted using 50 speakers of our own database. It is observed from the experimental results that the GMM-UBM classifier gives better identification performance than the SOM and LVQ classifiers. Furthermore, we propose a combination of speaker-specific information from different languages for crosslingual speaker identification, and it is observed that the combination feature gives better performance in all the crosslingual speaker identification experiments.
Structures, Stabilities, and Electronic Properties of Small-Sized Zr2Si
n
(n=1–11) Clusters: A Density Functional Study
Authors: Wu Jing-He , Liu Chang-Xin , Wang Ping , Zhang Shuai , Yang Gui , Lu Cheng
Published: August 2015

Ab initio methods based on density functional theory at B3LYP level have been applied in investigating the equilibrium geometries, growth patterns, relative stabilities, and electronic properties of Zr2-doped Si
n
clusters. The optimisation results shown that the lowest-energy configurations for Zr2Si
n
clusters do not keep the corresponding silicon framework unchanged, which reflects that the doped Zr atoms dramatically affect the most stable structures of the Si
n
clusters. By analysing the relative stabilities, it is found that the doping of zirconium atoms reduces the chemical stabilities of silicon host. The Zr2Si4 and Zr2Si7 clusters are the magic numbers. The natural population and natural electronic configuration analyses indicated that the Zr atoms possess positive charge for n=1–6 and negative charge for n=7–11. In addition, the chemical hardness, chemical potential, infrared, and Raman spectra are also discussed.
Making Sense of Urban Gardens
Authors: Ott Cindy
Published: August 2015

The basic question guiding this article is what do people living in an underserved neighborhood in St. Louis, Missouri, think about the urban gardens that have sprouted up around them during the last ten years. The question arose because of the mixed success of a produce market that was meant to target the nutritional needs of this African American community. Based on interviews conducted at two garden sites created by the nonprofit HopeBUILD, the author found that the community members valued the gardens less for the nutrition they offered than for the values and sense of heritage they conveyed. The ways they spoke about the gardens and produce resonated with old agrarian myths about the cultural importance of working the land to build a strong sense of character and independence. Many have relatives who took part in the Great Migration from the rural South in the early twentieth century. Although African Americans suffered devastating hardships from corrupt and racist tenant and farm policies, many held fast to the agrarian myth that to own a farm, or produce one’s own food, enabled self-determination and full rights of citizenship. These inner-city African Americans, therefore, stake claim to one of the longest-lasting and most potent symbols of American national identity—the American farmer. The symbol of the farmer is as relevant in urban lots as it is in the countryside. The point is that healthy food and nutritious food are not necessarily the same thing. Healthy foods are ones that sustain cultures, not just bodies.
The Power-geometry of Food Business Research
Authors: Jackson Peter
Published: August 2015

In a funding environment where commercial collaboration and “user engagement” are increasingly encouraged, this paper explores the ethical, political, and methodological challenges of various forms of partnership between academic researchers and food businesses. Drawing on two recently completed projects, the paper assesses the variable “power-geometry” of such partnerships, including the process of negotiating access, securing informed consent, and conducting and disseminating the research. The paper distinguishes between publicly funded academic research, where independence is more easily maintained, and market research and consultancy, where conflicts of interest are more likely to arise. Commercial collaboration is academically valuable in providing access to data and insights that are not publicly available, but can be treacherous if researchers are unaware of the uneven power-geometry of such partnerships.
Archives, Academy, and Access
Authors: Russell Polly
Published: August 2015

This paper draws from a collaborative research project between the British Library, the University of Sheffield, and the British food retailer Marks & Spencer. The project collected oral history recordings of poultry producers to contribute to a national archive of food production history and to be used as the basis for analysis of the politics of contemporary poultry production. The paper demonstrates how partnerships across the archive, academy, and industry, though challenging, provide an opportunity for researchers to critically engage with the complexities of contemporary food production.
Milking It
Authors: Bladow Kyle
Published: August 2015

Images of Califia, a fictional queen and the namesake of California, serve as the focus for this inquiry into the influence of pastoral imaginaries on the production of dairy and nondairy milk, especially almond milk. With effectively all US almond production occurring in California, almond milk is a uniquely Californian product. Milk, in both its traditional dairy and newer nondairy varieties, offers a rich aesthetic as well as agricultural history. These pastoral trends emphasize the vision of a tamed, benevolent nature and the faith in technological innovation to resolve agricultural struggles. From the establishment and expansion of dairy farms and almond groves, to recent dairying and drought crises, consumers have associated milk with the bounty of California's land and the skill and dedication of its farmers, a sentiment also apparent in depictions of Califia in California murals and in the packaging of Califia Farms almond milk.
Effect of magnetic field on the formation of macroporous silicon: structural and optical properties
Authors: Antunez E. E. , Estevez J. O. , Campos J. , Basurto M. A. , Agarwal* V.
Published: August 2015

The conventional method to fabricate porous silicon with n-type substrates requires light assisted generation of holes used in the electrochemical reaction. Recently, two different methods have been proposed to fabricate some similar structures: Hall effect [1] and lateral electrical field [2]. Hall effect assisted etching involves the application of a perpendicular electric and magnetic field to achieve the concentration of holes at the HF/silicon interface to assist the electrochemical reaction, while the other involves the application of a lateral electrical field across the silicon wafer. In this work, the electrochemical etching of high resistivity n-type silicon wafers under the combined effect of magnetic and lateral electrical field to produce photoluminescent macroporous structures under dark conditions, is reported. A lateral gradient in pore sizes as well as in light emission is observed. Optical and structural properties were studied for their possible applications as a biosensor.
A Quantitative Study of the Adhesion Between Copper, Barrier and Organic Low-K Materials
Authors: Lanckmans F. , Brongersma S. H. , Varga I. , Bender H. , Beyne E. , Maex K.
Published: August 2015

The adhesion between several materials implemented in Cu/low-k integration is studied. Adhesion issues at different interfaces are important with regard to the reliability of back-end processing. Layered test structures are processed to study different interfaces. A tangential shear tester allows quantifying the adhesion force at the interface and provides a relative measurement to compare various materials. Failed interfaces are analyzed using auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Among all studied structures, the strongest interface is seen between a barrier (Ti(N), Ta(N), WxN) and Cu. A weaker interface proves to be between a low-k dielectric and Cu. However, the presence of a barrier increases the adhesion. The weakest interface occurs between an oxide cap and the low-k material, with a lower adhesion when the low-k material is fluorinated. The low-k/cap oxide interface forms a critical issue with regard to Cu/low-k integration processing such as chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). All test structures show no significant degradation of the adhesion after a thermal cycle up to 400°C.
EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS E EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL NO BRASIL: CAMINHOS E DESCAMINHOS NO CONTEXTO DA DIVERSIDADE
Authors: Azevedo Márcio Adriano de , Tavares Andrezza Maria B. do Nascimento
Published: August 2015

O artigo discute a educação de jovens e adultos e a educação profissional no âmbito de expansão dos Institutos Federais, nomeadamente na região do Mato Grande norte-rio-grandense, marcada por uma ampla diversidade política, socioeconômica e cultural. Resulta de pesquisa fomentada pelo CNPq, a qual mapeou e levantou indicadores acerca de ofertas, programas e projetos, como o ProJovem Campo e o Brasil Alfabetizado, tendo como público-alvo jovens e adultos pouco escolarizados ou em busca de qualificação profissional. A realização do estudo mostra que a maioria dos projetos e programas ofertados têm caráter compensatório, geralmente não têm acompanhamento pedagógico e funcionam em condições precárias. Por outro lado, a implantação de um Campus do IFRN ampliou as possibilidades de acesso à educação com qualidade e perspectivas de inserção no mundo do trabalho.
A ESCOLA PARA O JOVEM: REPRESENTAÇÕES DE ALUNOS EM SITUAÇÃO DE DISTORÇÃO IDADE-SÉRIE NO MUNICÍPIO DE AREIA BRANCA-RN
Authors: Souza Francisco das Chagas Silva , Medeiros Neta Olivia Morais , Silva Alexsandra Moura da
Published: August 2015

Este estudo visa analisar como jovens em situação de distorção idade-série e de vulnerabilidade social, alunos de uma escola pública, situada no município de Areia Branca-RN, percebem a instituição escolar em que estão inseridos. Foi adotada a abordagem da Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) para a fundamentação teórica. Foram selecionados oito alunos do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com a idade entre 11 e 13 anos. A metodologia constou de entrevistas, da aplicação da Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP) e da elaboração de desenhos pelos alunos. Foi notado que, apesar de todas as dificuldades, os alunos pesquisados têm a escola como um elemento de transformação e a representam como um elemento fundamental para se desenvolver como pessoa. Também foi observado que diante de tantos desencontros esses jovens ainda projetam um futuro cheio de sonhos e desejos.
DESISTÊNCIA E PERMANÊNCIA DE ESTUDANTES DE ENSINO MÉDIO DO PROEJA
Authors: Faria Débora S. A. , Moura Dante Henrique
Published: August 2015

Este artigo trata do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional à Educação Básica na modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos – PROEJA, desenvolvido pelo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte – IFRN – Campus Caicó. Analisa as causas da desistência e os motivos da permanência de estudantes do referido programa no âmbito da trajetória de estudos. Utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental, a entrevista semiestruturada, o grupo focal e analisamos as falas de alguns sujeitos. Concluímos que condições institucionais, socioeconômicas e pessoais, repercutiram em uma nova interrupção da trajetória escolar de parcela significativa desses sujeitos. Mediante a pesquisa, concluímos que a permanência de estudantes também é motivada por condições institucionais no que concerne à qualidade do ensino, (infraestrutura e qualificação da equipe técnica e dos professores), como também pelas condições socioeconômicas e pessoais, como o apoio dos colegas e da família. Concluímos, então, que as causas da desistência e os motivos da permanência têm sua origem nas interrelações entre aspectos institucionais, socioeconômicas e pessoais.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA E DE FILOSOFIA PARA A FORMAÇÃO DOS JOVENS NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Araújo Alexandre Medeiros de , Lima José Gllauco Smith Avelino de
Published: August 2015

O presente texto busca problematizar esse “preconceito pedagógico”, abrindo espaço para um debate endereçado ao entendimento dos conhecimentos sociológicos e filosóficos como saberes constitutivos de uma das principais funções sociais da escola, qual seja: a da educação para o exercício da cidadania. Trazemos, ainda, a discussão sobre a especificidade da Sociologia e da Filosofia no âmbito do Ensino Médio, compreendendo essas disciplinas como integrantes de um projeto educacional alicerçado na construção de um “conhecimento prudente para uma vida decente”, como nos ensina, hoje, Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2006).
Does Abutment Collar Length Affect Abutment Screw Loosening After Cyclic Loading?
Authors: Siadat Hakimeh , Pirmoazen Salma , Beyabanaki Elaheh , Alikhasi Marzieh
Published: August 2015

A significant vertical space that is corrected with vertical ridge augmentation may necessitate selection of longer abutments, which would lead to an increased vertical cantilever. This study investigated the influence of different abutment collar heights on single-unit dental implant screw-loosening after cyclic loading. Fifteen implant-abutment assemblies each consisted of an internal hexagonal implant were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group1, consisting of 5 abutments with 1.5 mm gingival height (GH); Group2, 5 abutments with 3.5 mm GH; and Group3, 5 abutments with 5.5 mm GH. Each specimen was mounted in transparent auto-polymerizing acrylic resin block, and the abutment screw was tightened to 35 Ncm with an electric torque wrench. After 5 minutes, initial torque loss (ITL) was recorded for all specimens. Metal crowns were fabricated with 45° occlusal surface and were placed on the abutments. A cyclic load of 75 N and frequency of 1 Hz were applied perpendicular to the long axis of each specimen. After 500 000 cycles, secondary torque loss (STL) was recorded. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to evaluate the effects of abutment collar height before and after cyclic loading. One-way ANOVA showed that ITL among the groups was not significantly different (P = .52), while STL was significantly different among the groups (P = .008). Post-hoc Tukey HSD tests showed that STL values were significantly different between the abutments with 1.5 mm GH (Group1) and with 5.5 mm GH (Group3) (P = .007). A paired comparison t-test showed that cyclic loading significantly influenced the STL in comparison with the ITL in each group. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that increase in height of the abutment collar could adversely affect the torque loss of the abutment screw.
Blutgasanalyse beim Hund in der tierärztlichen Praxis – eine Übersicht
Authors: Rieker T. , Siegling-Vlitakis C. , Wagner J.
Published: August 2015

Die Blutgasanalyse ist ein nützliches Instrument, um Informationen über den Säuren-Basen-Haushalt (SBH) und den Gasaustausch in der Lunge zu erhalten. Die Interpretation basiert auf der Henderson-Hasselbalch-Gleichung, mit der sich allerdings komplexere Störungen nur unzureichend beschreiben lassen. Basenüberschuss und Anionenlücke ergänzen dieses traditionelle Modell. Peter Stewart entwickelte das Modell der quantitativen Analytik des Säuren-Basen-Haushalts, das zum Strong Ion Approach weiterentwickelt wurde und das sich vor allem bei der Beurteilung von metabolischen Störungen von der traditionellen Sichtweise in vielerlei Hinsicht unterscheidet. Beide Modelle ergänzen sich gegenseitig und haben Vorund Nachteile. Für unkomplizierte Veränderungen des SBH kann der Henderson-HasselbalchAnsatz verwendet werden. Für komplizierte Störungen des SBH, insbesondere bei Veränderungen der Albuminund/oder der Phosphatkonzentration, empfiehlt sich der Einsatz des Strong Ion Approach. Mit dem Verständnis beider Modelle und dem klinischen Bild gelingt eine optimale Therapie der Störungen im SBH.
Atomic-Scale Modelling and its Application to Catalytic Materials Science
Authors: Sarwar Misbah , Cooper Crispin , Briquet Ludovic , Ukpong Aniekan , Perry Christopher , Jones Glenn
Published: August 2015

Computational methods are a burgeoning science within industry. In particular, recent advances have seen first-principles atomic-scale modelling leave the realm of the academic theory lab and enter mainstream industrial research. Herein we present an overview, focusing on catalytic applications in fuel cells, emission control and process catalysis and looking at some real industrial examples being undertaken within the Johnson Matthey Technology Centre. We proceed to discuss some underpinning research projects and give a perspective on where developments will come in the short to mid-term.
Selected Electrical Resistivity Values for the Platinum Group of Metals Part I: Palladium and Platinum
Authors: Arblaster John W.
Published: August 2015

Electrical resistivity values for both the solid and liquid phases of the platinum group metals (pgms) palladium and platinum are evaluated. In particular improved values are obtained for the liquid phases of these metals. Previous reviews on electrical resistivity which included evaluations for the pgms included those of Meaden (), Bass (), Savitskii et al. () and Binkele and Brunen () as well as individual reviews by Matula () on palladium and White () on platinum.
Temperature Dependent Heat Transfer Performance of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube-based Aqueous Nanofluids at Very Low Particle Loadings
Authors: Wan Meher , Yadav Raja Ram , Mishra Giridhar , Singh Devraj , Joshi Bipin
Published: August 2015

Aqueous suspensions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs + deionised water) have been synthesised. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were derived by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements show the formation of MWCNTs. Three samples of CNT-based aqueous nanofluids having MWCNT concentrations of 0.01 vol%, 0.03 vol% and 0.05 vol% were prepared with the help of ultrasonic irradiation. A very small amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as a surfactant to minimise the agglomeration of the MWCNTs. An effective enhancement in thermal conductivity was observed at different temperatures. The obtained results are explained with percolation theory.
The Effects of Hot Isostatic Pressing of Platinum Alloy Castings on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures
Authors: Fryé Teresa , Strauss Joseph Tunick , Fischer-Bühner Jörg , Klotz Ulrich E.
Published: August 2015

The effects of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on castings produced in a variety of platinum alloys was investigated. A number of benefits were observed, including a reduction in porosity and improvements to the microstructure and mechanical properties. Differences in the response to HIP of individual alloys is evaluated as well as some inherent limitations of the HIP process.
Field Dodder (Cuscuta campestris)—A New Model Describing Temperature-Dependent Seed Germination
Authors: Goldwasser Yaakov , Miryamchik Hadas , Rubin Baruch , Eizenberg Hanan
Published: August 2015

The members of the genus Cuscuta (common name: dodder) are obligate holoparasitic plants that are found throughout the agricultural regions of the world. Of all of the species of dodder, field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) causes the most damage to crops. This species parasitizes the shoots of broadleaf plant crops and weeds. We conducted a series of field dodder seed germination tests in controlled-temperature chambers, in order to describe the effect of temperature on field dodder germination and develop a germination model based on the obtained data. The best fit was obtained when temperature data and time were transformed to thermal time using the beta-function model. The field dodder germination model can serve as a tool for knowledge-based predictions of germination and emergence timing, to allow for the implementation of effective mechanical and chemical management measures.
Potencial Energético da Cama de Aviário Produzida na Região Sudoeste do Paraná e Utilizada como Substrato para a Produção de Biogás
Authors: Tessaro Alessandra Buss , Tessaro Amarildo Antonio , Cantão Mauricio Pereira , Mendes Maria Alessandra
Published: August 2015

O processo da criação confinada gera resíduos que causam problemas ambientais e requerem um manejo diferenciado, pois pode gerar um alto impacto ambiental. Faz-se necessária uma nova disposição para os resíduos produzidos. Este trabalho avaliou o potencial energético da cama de aviário produzida na região Sudoeste do Paraná, utilizada como substrato para a produção de biogás. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, quantitativa e exploratória onde se levantou dados em bibliografias específicas sobre o assunto e a caracterização da produção avícola da região Sudoeste do Paraná. A biomassa de frango produzida foi caracterizada quimicamente e posteriormente avaliada em três tratamentos, para se determinar a capacidade de produzir biogás. Os resultados mostraram que o Sudoeste do Paraná mantém um plantel de frangos de corte de 39.173.367 cabeças/ano em 38 municípios, gerando assim 51.219,17 toneladas de biomassa na forma de cama de aviário/ano. Essa biomassa é constituída de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio e sulfatos. A biomassa se mostrou capaz de produzir biogás nos três sistemas de tratamento avaliados sendo que o tratamento dois se mostrou mais viável. O biofertilizante produzido se mostrou rico em macro e micronutrientes, destacando-se nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, sódio, ferro, boro, cobre, zinco e manganês. O pH do biofertilizante variou de 6,58 a 8,02. Com isso, pode-se concluir que o uso da biomassa de cama de aviário é uma alternativa viável na produção de biogás, capaz de substituir os combustíveis tradicionais e a energia elétrica consumida nas propriedades avícolas da região Sudoeste do Paraná.
Qualidade de Mudas de Manjericão (Ocimum Basilicum L.) em Casa de Vegetação Submetida a Diferentes Substratos e Concentração de Ácido Indolbutírico
Authors: Francisco João Paulo , José Jefferson Vieira , Andrade Irineu Pedro de Sousa , Folegatti Marcos Vinicius , Marques Patrícia Angelica Alves
Published: August 2015

O presente trabalho foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas da ESALQ/USP, durante o período de agosto a setembro de 2013. O experimento avaliou três tipos de substratos (areia lavada, fibra de coco e substrato Plantmax®) e cinco diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB - 0, 500, 1000, 2000 e 4000 mg L-1). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o fatorial inteiramente aleatorizado 3 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os efeitos principais da interação multiplicativa, modelo AMMI, do substrato (S) e AIB (A) foram utilizados para analisar as variáveis biométricas. Os fatores substrato (S) e a interação S x A foram significativos para massa seca de folhas e raízes, comprimento radicular, diâmetro do caule, razão diâmetro-altura e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O teste de Gollob apresentou um componente principal significativo (IPCA1). A estaquia de Ocimum basilicum L. pode ser realizada tanto por substrato Plantmax® sem tratamento de ácido indolbutírico, como pelo substrato areia lavada com o tratamento de ácido indolbutírico na concentração de 2000 mg L-1.
Fatores Socioeconômicos Relacionados à Produção de Plantas Medicinais
Authors: Stremel Elenice Parizotto , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor , Stremel Dile Pontarolo , Grandi Adriana Maria de
Published: August 2015

Este estudo objetivou identificar importantes aspectos socioeconômicos e entender a dinâmica do cultivo e produção de plantas medicinais a partir de trabalhos publicados, focando as bases de periódicos, teses e dissertações, disponibilizados pela CAPES, de 2008 até 2013. A metodologia aplicada foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica comparativa. A busca das referências se deu pelas palavras-chaves: plantas medicinais; análise socioeconômica; cooperativa; fitoterapia; e outras como agricultura familiar; comercialização; e desenvolvimento rural. De acordo com os resultados, o fator políticas públicas destacou-se dos demais, mostrando ser relevante para manter os negócios das famílias de produtores rurais, principalmente por promover ações que levam a incorporar renda aos produtos de baixo valor agregado; por outro lado proporcionam programas de financiamento a juros baixos e ações de combate à desigualdade social.
Germinação e Crescimento Inicial de Plântulas de Euphorbia heterophylla L. e Glycine max L. Merril na Presença de Extratos Foliares de Salvia officinalis L.
Authors: Silva Angélica Luana Kehl da , Silva Karla Gabriela da , Paulert Roberta , Zonetti Patricia Costa , Albrecht Leandro Paiola
Published: August 2015

As plantas daninhas têm apresentado múltipla resistência devido ao uso intensivo de herbicidas. Uma alternativa adicional no manejo destas plantas seria a exploração da potencialidade alelopática de plantas para futura bioprospecção. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a bioatividade do extrato de sálvia (Salvia officinalis L.) sobre a germinação e crescimento inicial de plântulas de amendoim-bravo (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) e soja (Glycine max L. Merril). Os extratos foram obtidos por trituração de folhas frescas e secas, na proporção de 1g para 5 mL de água destilada. Os tratamentos consistiram do extrato bruto e diluído a 50%. No grupo controle foi utilizada apenas água destilada. As sementes e plântulas foram expostas aos extratos em condições controladas, em estufa do tipo B.O.D. a 25°C. Ao final de sete dias foram avaliadas as variáveis: porcentagem de germinação (%G), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), crescimento da raiz principal e da parte aérea além das biomassas frescas e secas destes órgãos. Foi observado que os extratos não afetaram a %G de ambas as espécies, no entanto, promoveram atrasos no processo. O crescimento da raiz de amendoim-bravo foi afetado pelos dois tipos de extrato bruto e diluído, e o crescimento da parte aérea foi reduzido com extrato da folha fresca. O crescimento das plântulas de soja foi estimulado na presença dos extratos. Os resultados indicam possível ação alelopática inibitória de folhas de sálvia sobre o crescimento de plântulas de amendoim-bravo, e ação estimulatória sobre o crescimento das plântulas de soja.
A Relação Peso-Comprimento e Fator de Condição para Carpa Capim (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Submetida a Diferentes Dietas
Authors: Ribeiro Marcos Otávio , Werle Sergio , Scharnoski Everton Matheus , Castoldi Rafael , Noleto Rafael Bueno
Published: August 2015

Ctenopharyngodon idella, popularmente conhecida como carpa capim, é uma espécie exótica que vem sendo bastante apreciada devido ao seu desempenho na piscicultura. O presente estudo foi conduzido na estação de piscicultura da Universidade Estadual do Paraná, campus de União da Vitória, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de três diferentes tipos de alimentação no desenvolvimento de alevinos da carpa capim. Foi utilizado um lote inicial padrão de peso médio 13,0 ± 0,58 g e comprimento total 10,0 ± 0,10 cm distribuídos em três unidades experimentais de 10 m3 cada: (1) alevinos alimentados com forragens (milheto no período verão-primavera e azevém no outono-inverno); (2) alevinos alimentados com forragem associada com ração comercial 42% de proteína bruta; e (3) alimentados exclusivamente com ração comercial. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos (p < 0,05), apesar dos tratamentos apenas com forragem e forragem consorciada com ração não diferirem estatisticamente. A relação peso-comprimento dos respectivos tratamentos foi descrito pelas seguintes equações: y = 0,013x2,990; y = 0,012x3,002; y = 0,018x2,882, e assim somente para o tratamento exclusivo com ração o crescimento foi alométrico (b < 3,0). Não houve diferença significativa no fator de condição relativo entre os tratamentos (p > 0,05). Embora para C. idella o crescimento seja melhor com dietas suplementadas com ração, no presente estudo o tratamento exclusivo com milheto ou azevém mostrou taxas de crescimento entre as superiores.
Effectiveness of Acceptance-Commitment Therapy on Anxiety and Depression among Patients on Methadone Treatment: A Pilot Study
Authors: Saedy Mozhgan , Kooshki Shirin , Jamali Firouzabadi Mahmoud , Emamipour Susan , Rezaei Ardani Amir
Published: August 2015

Background:: Substance dependence disorder is a psychiatric disorders with different factors that influence its nature, severity, outcome, and treatment options. Objectives:: This study evaluates the effectiveness of Acceptance-Commitment Therapy (ACT) to decrease anxiety and depression in patients with opioid dependencies who are undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Materials and Methods:: The present study was done in Mashhad from 2011-2012. Twenty-eight patients (18-50 yr) with opioid dependency who were on MMT were selected using purposive sampling and were divided equally between case and control groups. The case group received 8 sessions of individual psychotherapy with ACT. The level of depression and anxiety of these patients were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and Beck Anxiety Inventory before the initiation of ACT as a pretest, 2 weeks after the termination of ACT as the posttest, and 3-months after the termination as a follow-up. The collected data was analyzed with SPSS (ver. 20) using χ2, paired t-test, ANOVA, and MANOVA. Results:: The pretest-posttest-follow up of anxiety showed no significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.05); however, the case group had lower depression scores in the posttest and follow-up than the control group (P = 0.04). Evaluating the results of the case group revealed that depression significantly decreased in the posttest group when compared to the pretest (P = 0.01) and there were no significant decreases in the follow up compared to the pretest (P = 0.34). Conclusion:: Short-term ACT for opioid dependent patients on MMT are not associated with a significant decrease in the level of anxiety; however, it is associated with a significant decrease in the level of depression. Nonetheless, this reduction was not maintained long term.