bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importancia del cumplimiento normativo en México. Implementación del compliance en las empresas mexicanas.
Authors: Solis Gutierrez Daniela Cecilia
Published: June 2023

El cumplimiento normativo, también conocido como compliance, se ha convertido en tema importante y de preocupación para las empresas en todo el mundo. En México, el cumplimiento jurídico ha adquirido cada vez más importancia debido a la creciente complejidad del marco regulatorio y a las sanciones más severas impuestas por las autoridades en caso de incumplimiento. Los sistemas de cumplimiento normativo o compliance se establecen en la legislación mexicana como atenuantes y/o excluyentes de la responsabilidad jurídica en cualquiera de las ramificaciones que a través del derecho establecen bases de sanciones para lograr un cumplimiento al que deben acceder las personas jurídicas sin proporcionar estándares mínimos de aplicación sin unificar criterios, normativos y procedimientos. Este artículo se propone ubicar las acciones normativas con las que dispone el Estado de Derecho mexicano, su marco legal y las implicaciones para las empresas que operan en el país.
Sokakta Çalışan Çocuklara Yönelik Koruyucu ve Önleyici Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Hemşirenin Rolü
Authors: Haylı Çiğdem Müge , Avcı Mehmet Zeki
Published: June 2023

Çocuk işçiliği, dünyada yaygın olarak ve farklı boyutlarda görülen sosyal bir sorundur. Yoksulluk, muhtaçlık, işsizlik, sığınmacı göçü, bölgeler arası iç göç, kentleşme süreci doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak toplumun tüm nüfus gruplarını etkilemektedir. Bu etkilerden birisi de çocuğun sokakta gelir getirici faaliyetleri yapmasını sağlayıcı aktivitelerdir. Çocuk, sokakta gelir getirici aktiviteleri yaparken birçok riskle de karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Sokakta çalışan çocuk günlük yaşamının birçoğunu sokaklarda, caddelerde, parklarda, cami avluları, alışveriş merkezi çıkışları, restoran çıkışları gibi mekânlarda geçirmektedir. Bu durum, çocuğun sağlık düzeylerini biyolojik, fiziksel ve ruhsal olarak olumsuz etkilemekte, toplum kökenli hastalıklar riskleri ile karşı karşıya kalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın hedefi, sağlık hizmetleri kapsamında sokakta çalışan çocuklarda sık görülen sağlık problemleri, hemşirelerin sokak çocuklarına yönelik tutumları ve sağlık hizmetleri sunumunda üstlendikleri rollerin belirlenmesidir.
Increasing the Efficiency of Composite Materials Manufacturing Productivity by Using Artificial Intelligent Methods
Authors: Demir Mehmet Emin , Denizhan Onur
Published: June 2023

The manufacturing of composite materials plays a vital role in various industries due to their exceptional properties, performance and lightweight characteristics. However, the manufacturing process of composite materials involves numerous complex and time-consuming tasks, resulting in reduced productivity and increased costs. Additionally, there is a continuous need to improve the efficiency and productivity of composite materials manufacturing processes to meet the growing demands and ensure cost-effective production. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly impact the development, design, and use of composite materials. In particular, it can play crucial role in enhancing efficiency and productivity within the manufacturing process. Artificial intelligence offers various techniques and algorithms that can optimize different aspects of the manufacturing process, including predictive maintenance, real time monitoring and control, process parameter optimization, quality control, material characterization, and design and development. By leveraging artificial intelligence, manufacturers can achieve improved productivity, enhanced product quality, reduced waste, and decreased downtime. The utilization of artificial intelligence methods in composite materials manufacturing holds great potential for positioning companies at the forefront of innovation and competitiveness in the industry. This chapter explores the application of artificial intelligence methods to increase the efficiency of composite materials manufacturing productivity.
GIS-Based Evaluation of Disaster and Emergency Assembly Areas with AHP in Local Scale
Authors: Arca Deniz , Keskin Çıtıroğlu Hülya
Published: June 2023

In an area that is tectonically active and has various fault zones, earthquakes of varying magnitudes have occurred in our country both in the past and today. Like in the rest of the world, various analyses and research are being conducted in our country to eliminate or minimize the loss of life and property caused by earthquakes. In this study, the locations of existing disaster and emergency assembly areas in the Ovacık district were determined and visualized on Google Earth. Furthermore, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based analysis and weighted overlay method, a risk classification was conducted. To this end, basic inputs in the GIS environment, including slope, geology, distance to rivers, distance to roads, distance to settlements, elevation, distance to fault lines, land use, and population data layers, were used. Existing collection areas were digitized and incorporated into this framework as vector layers. The disaster and emergency assembly area sensitivity map of the study area is divided into 3 sensitivity classes. According to this map; regions of high, middle and low sensitivity were obtained as 8.35%, 76.23% and 15.42%, respectively. It is observed that both existing assembly areas are within the high sensitivity zone. The two existing assembly areas are geologically located within the Karabük formation (Teka). Because it contains coal levels, assembly areas on the Karabük formation require more detailed field studies and taking field measures. Apart from this, it has been observed that the existing assembly areas comply with the other parameters used.
Fatigue Analysis of Leaf Springs
Authors: Erkman Güven Ege
Published: June 2023

This study aims to design leaf springs, also known as scissor springs, with the help of SolidWorks 2018 program in computer environment and then analyze them with the help of Ansys Workbench 18.1 program in computer environment. In this study, we designed the parabolic leaf spring sample, which was actually produced (Type - 1), in a computer environment and then made the necessary examinations by performing finite element analysis. In addition, in order to see the difference more clearly, the analysis was made with the modified version of the sample (Type - 2). The investigations are also written in sub-headings. The main purpose of this study is to design a leaf spring in a short period of time and to start mass production of leaf springs without the need for physical tests.
Investigation of the Effects of Different Application Distances and Cutting Parameters on the Machinability of ST37 Steel for the Minimum Quantity Lubrication Method.
Authors: Usca Üsame Ali
Published: June 2023

It is very important to develop and research the machinability properties of St37 steel, which is highly preferred in the manufacturing industry. During the milling of these materials, the use of the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cooling/lubrication system is increasing day by day, but the effects of the variable parameters included in this system on the milling process have not been sufficiently investigated. In addition, the effect of spray distance, which is one of the variable parameters of this system, on the machinability metrics is also a matter of curiosity. For this reason, in this study, the cutting depth (1 mm) of St37 plain carbon steel, which has a common usage area, is kept constant, and the CNC milling process is performed by using MQL-assisted cooling at different cutting speeds (140-210 m/min) and feed rates (0.14-0.21 mm/rev) was carried out. In the study, the effects of different cutting and feed rates and different MQL spray distances (50-250 mm) on the output parameters (Surface roughness, tool wear, and cutting temperature) in machinability were investigated. According to the findings, it was seen that MQL fluid applied from a long distance had a positive effect on tool wear and cutting temperature. It was determined that the effect of MQL application distance on the surface roughness varies depending on the cutting speed.
Academic Researches in Mathematics and Science
Authors: Dağcı İsmailler Buse , Özcan Cemile , Özden Selin , Aközcan Serpil , Uygun Cebeci Yıldız , Ural Nurefşan Sultan , Yurdakadim Tuğba , Özcan Ahmet , Karabacak Gökay , Or Aykut , Yılmaz Ülkü , Taş Emre , Demirkale Sevcan , Okuyan Derya
Published: June 2023

In the field of mathematics and science, there are branches of biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics. In this wide-ranging field, there are research and inventions that cause international competition and sometimes deeply affect life. From the past to the present, science and mathematics have developed in a way that supports each other in an interactive way. The interaction of science and mathematics has also been reflected in the researches. Recently, various regulations and incentives have been introduced in order to raise a young generation in the field of research on mathematics and science; This book in your hand has been produced as a guide in the effort and aim of guiding the new studies to be made, at least formally and theoretically. These studies, especially selected from the branches of biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics, were first evaluated by an editor. These studies were then sent to expert referees. Afterwards, these studies were sent to the authors for various corrections and suggestions as a result of referee evaluations. This book is expected to be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and educators interested in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics.
Of course, I would like to thank the employees of Özgür Publishing House, who compile, collect and present these works for the benefit of the readers. Although the necessary care is taken to make the book "Academic Researches in Mathematics and Science" easy to read and understand, there may still be some errors. I would like to express my gratitude to colleagues and students who will give all kinds of warnings and criticisms in this regard.
Kind regards……..
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ferit GÜRBÜZ
Benzimidazole Zinc Complexes and Their Anticancer Activities
Authors: Yılmaz Ülkü
Published: June 2023

Cancer occurs as a result of the transformation of normal body cells into abnormal cells, uncontrolled proliferation, and tumorization because of external or internal factors. It can completely invade the tissue it is in. Cancer is the general name of the disease, which can occur in almost every type of tissue in the body and requires different treatment processes and therapeutic agents. It is among the diseases with the highest mortality rate in the world. For this reason, the search for effective methods for the treatment of the disease is one of the important issues that scientists focus on. Today, many treatment methods are used for cancer types. The most common methods are surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and the use of smart drugs. Chemotherapy means treating cancer with drugs. There are many chemotherapeutic agents currently used as drugs worldwide. Bendamustine, daunorubicin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, and floxuridine are some of these drugs. However, there are two main problems in the use of existing drugs that make cancer treatment difficult. The first of these is drug resistance and the second is the severe side effects of drugs. Platinum-based cancer drugs, which have been used for more than forty years, have very severe side effects. In this context, anticancer activities are investigated by synthesizing drug precursors with less or no side effects by researchers. Especially, in recent years, It is works on benzimidazole metal complexes, which contain transition metals and show cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, but do not harm normal body cells. In addition, zinc is one of the most important trace elements necessary for the development and functioning of living cells. On the other hand, benzimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic compound formed by the fusion of a benzene ring and an imidazole ring, and represents the class of compounds derived from the benzimidazole nucleus. The benzimidazole ring is a very important pharmacophore with various pharmacological effects such as anticancer, antibacterial, antitumoral, and anthelmintic activity. In recent studies, it has been reported that zinc complex compounds with benzimidazole ligands kill cancer cells and cause less damage to normal body cells. Therefore, particularly, benzimidazole zinc complexes and their anticancer activities was focused on this section.
Apoptotic Signaling Pathways in Cancer
Authors: Okuyan Derya
Published: June 2023

Apoptosis, called programmed cell death, is one of the most important cellular mechanisms regulating the elimination of harmful and unnecessary cells. This tightly regulated suicide program is very important in the development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Disruption of apoptosis, also called natural defense mechanism, causes abnormal cellular proliferation and the emergence of genetic defects. Disruption of the apoptotic mechanism often results in tumorigenesis. Apoptosis can be induced by signals from within the cell, such as genotoxic stress, or by extrinsic signals, such as binding of ligands to death receptors on the cell surface. Apoptotic signaling pathways are regulated by many proteins, including BCL-2 family proteins, apoptosis inhibitor (IAP) proteins, and FLICE-inhibitor protein. This book chapter includes a review of the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis.
การวิเคราะห์การขับเคลื่อนแผนปฏิบัติราชการระยะ 5 ปี (พ.ศ.2561-2565) ในวาระแรกระยะ 3 ปี (พ.ศ.2563-2565) ของกรมสุขภาพจิต
Authors:   , จอมกัน ปาริฉัตร
Published: June 2023

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ ปัญหาอุปสรรคในการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ของกรมสุขภาพจิต และให้ข้อเสนอแนะแนวทางการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์กรมสุขภาพจิต โดยผู้วิจัยดำเนินการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ด้วยการศึกษาข้อมูลจากเอกสาร (Documentary Study) และการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก (In-depth Interview) ผู้บริหารและผู้ปฏิบัติงานในสังกัดกรมสุขภาพจิต ทั้งหมด 18 คน พบว่า การกำหนดวัตถุประสงค์ของยุทธศาสตร์กรมสุขภาพจิต มีความชัดเจน สอดคล้องกัน และระบุรายละเอียดของยุทธศาสตร์เป็นไปตามมาตรฐานที่กำหนด โดยการกำหนดหัวข้อการเขียนยุทธศาสตร์ ที่แสดงวิธีปฏิบัติและสะท้อนการประเมินผลที่ชัดเจนและเป็นรูปธรรม ผ่านรูปแบบการจัดทำโครงการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ การจัดทำตัวชี้วัดคำรับรองการปฏิบัติราชการ และการจัดทำแผนที่ยุทธศาสตร์ ปัจจัยด้านทรัพยากรข้อมูล เป็นอุปสรรคสำคัญในการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ให้สำเร็จ เนื่องจากฐานข้อมูลมีความกระจัดกระจาย ขาดคุณภาพ และไม่ทันสมัย ไม่ตอบสนองต่อการสนับสนุนการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ของกรม จึงควรมีระบบจัดการทรัพยากรข้อมูลที่สามารถบริหารจัดการอย่างเป็นระบบ ส่วนปัจจัยการสื่อสารระหว่างหน่วยงานมีอุปสรรค คือ ลักษณะของการสื่อสารยุทธศาสตร์ยังไม่สามารถทำให้บุคลากรเข้าใจ และนำยุทธศาสตร์ไปปฏิบัติ ได้ตรงตามเป้าหมายของยุทธศาสตร์อย่างทั่วถึงได้ จึงควรออกแบบลักษณะของการสื่อสาร ที่สามารถผลักดันให้หน่วยงานขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ได้ ปัจจัยด้านลักษณะหน่วยงานที่ขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ คือ การออกแบบการขับเคลื่อนงานโดยเน้นตามบทบาทหน้าที่ ในรูปแบบคณะกรรมการ/คณะทำงาน โดยนโยบายจากฝ่ายการเมือง  ที่เห็นพ้องต้องกันกับยุทธศาสตร์ของกรม มีส่วนผลักดันให้เกิดการขับเคลื่อนงาน และปัจจัยด้านทัศนคติของผู้ปฏิบัติ ที่มีความเข้าใจในยุทธศาสตร์และทัศนคติที่ดีของผู้ปฏิบัติงาน จะสามารถสร้างความผูกพันให้เกิดการขับเคลื่อนยุทธศาสตร์ที่บรรลุตามเป้าหมายได้
การวิเคราะห์ประเมินผลความสำเร็จของโครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุกรณีศึกษา โรงพยาบาลตำรวจ สำนักงานตำรวจแห่งชาติ
Authors:   , มุขเพ็ชร พิมพิกา
Published: June 2023

การวิจัยครั้งนี้ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาสถานการณ์ปัญหาด้านสุขภาพของผู้สูงอายุในชุมชนวัดบรมนิวาส 2) วิเคราะห์ปัญหา และอุปสรรคในการดำเนินโครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุ และ 3) เสนอแนะแนวทาง ปรับปรุง แก้ไขในการพัฒนาโครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุ การวิจัยนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ (Qualitative research) การเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลใช้การเก็บข้อมูลจากเอกสารและการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก ผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญ คือ บุคลากรทางการแพทย์ของโรงพยาบาลตำรวจ กลุ่มภาคีเครือข่าย และผู้สูงอายุที่เข้าร่วมโครงการคนไทยไร้พุง จำนวน 12 ท่าน

ผลการศึกษาพบว่า 1) สถานการณ์การเข้าถึงสิทธิการรักษาของผู้สูงอายุในชุมชนวัดบรมนิวาส มีความทั่วถึงคนในชุมชน
2) สถานการณ์ด้านสุขภาพ การเจ็บป่วยด้วยโรคไม่ติดต่อเรื้อรัง มีความสอดคล้องกับการดำเนินโครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุ และ 3) การนำรูปแบบ CIPP Model มาประเมินผลสำเร็จของโครงการ พบว่า ด้านบริบท การดำเนินโครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุมีความสอดคล้องกับปัญหาสุขภาพของคนในชุมชน ด้านปัจจัยนำเข้า พบว่า บุคลากรทางการแพทย์สามารถถ่ายทอดความรู้ได้อย่างเข้าใจ มีรูปแบบกิจกรรมที่เอื้อต่อการจัดกิจกรรม งบประมาณที่ใช้ในโครงการไม่ได้รับจัดสรรมาจากหน่วยงานภาครัฐ แต่มีความพร้อมในการดำเนินกิจกรรม เนื่องจากได้รับการสนับสนุนเงินจากแพทย์ผู้จัดทำโครงการ ด้านกระบวนการ รูปแบบการดำเนินกิจกรรมมีความเหมาะสม แต่มีความคิดเห็นต่างกันในเรื่องระยะเวลาการดำเนินกิจกรรม เนื่องจากการออกกำลังกายต้องใช้เวลาในการเรียนรู้ จึงควรจัดกิจกรรมบ่อยขึ้น แต่การจัดกิจกรรมบ่อยขึ้นจะได้ผลลัพธ์ที่ไม่ชัดเจน ด้านผลผลิต พบว่า โครงการคนไทยไร้พุงในผู้สูงอายุมีความสอดคล้องกับความต้องการของคนในชุมชนและบรรลุตามวัตถุประสงค์ของโครงการ ทั้งนี้ในการดำเนินโครงการพบปัญหาและอุปสรรค คือ ผู้เข้าร่วมโครงการมีจำนวนน้อยและสถานการณ์การแพร่ระบาดโควิด-19 จากการศึกษามีข้อเสนอแนะ คือ การสร้างความร่วมมือกันระหว่างบุคลากรทางการแพทย์และอาสาสมัครชุมชนลงพื้นที่ประชาสัมพันธ์ เพื่อให้ผู้เข้าร่วมโครงการมากขึ้น แต่เนื่องจากการดำเนินโครงการอยู่ในช่วงการแพร่ระบาดโควิด-19 จึงควรปฏิบัติตามมาตรการป้องกันโรคโควิด-19
การศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ในการมีพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานคร
Authors:   , แก้วคุณนอก พิชชาภา
Published: June 2023

การศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ในการมีพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานคร มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาปัจจัยในการมีพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานคร และความคิดเห็นของผู้มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้องและผู้ที่มีความรู้เกี่ยวกับการจ้างงานแบบสัญญาจ้างในภาครัฐ เพื่อเป็นข้อมูลประกอบการตัดสินใจเชิงนโยบายในการพัฒนาระบบการจ้างของกรุงเทพมหานคร โดยการวิจัยในครั้งนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ใช้วิธีการศึกษาข้อมูลจากเอกสาร การสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก ร่วมกับการสังเกตแบบมีส่วนร่วม และใช้วิธีการวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลแบบผสมระหว่างการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา และการสร้างข้อสรุปแบบอุปนัย ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ปัจจัยในการมีพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานคร ประกอบด้วย ปัจจัยด้านค่าใช้จ่ายด้านบุคคล ปัจจัยด้านกฎหมายและนโยบายของกรุงเทพมหานคร ปัจจัยด้านความเหมาะสมกับภารกิจ และปัจจัยด้านความคล่องตัวและยืดหยุ่นของหน่วยงาน โดยผู้ให้สัมภาษณ์ส่วนใหญ่เห็นว่าการมีพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานครเพื่อทดแทนข้าราชการหรือลูกจ้างสามารถลดค่าใช้จ่ายด้านบุคคลได้ อีกทั้งกฎหมายและนโยบายของกรุงเทพมหานครเอื้อต่อการกำหนดพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานคร โดยมีความเหมาะสมที่จะนำมาปฏิบัติงานในภารกิจที่มีลักษณะประจำซึ่งเป็นภารกิจรองหรือสนับสนุน และทดแทนการจ้างที่ปรึกษาระดับสูงในภารกิจที่มีลักษณะชั่วคราวซึ่งอาศัยความรู้ความเชี่ยวชาญ นอกจากนี้ยังเห็นว่าพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานครจะช่วยให้การบริหารจัดการอัตราว่างในหน่วยงานมีความสะดวกคล่องตัวมากขึ้น อย่างไรก็ตามการพัฒนาระบบให้เกิดขึ้นอย่างเป็นรูปธรรมจะต้องอาศัยระยะเวลาและความต่อเนื่องในการขับเคลื่อน นอกจากนี้กรุงเทพมหานครควรมีการศึกษาภารกิจอย่างละเอียด รวมถึงระบบการจ้างขององค์การอื่น ๆ เพื่อออกแบบระบบพนักงานกรุงเทพมหานครและดำเนินการนำร่อง ทั้งนี้ต้องเป็นไปเพื่อลดภาระค่าใช้จ่ายและเพิ่มความยืดหยุ่นแก่ระบบงานในแต่ละภารกิจ
การศึกษาแนวทางการกำหนดนโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมในประเทศไทย
กรณีอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าจะไปในทิศทางใด
(เป็นผู้ประกอบแบบดั้งเดิม หรือ ผู้นำด้านการผลิตนวัตกรรม)
Authors:   , มหามงคล วุฒิ
Published: June 2023

การศึกษาแนวทางการกำหนดนโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าของประเทศไทยว่าควรจะไปในทิศทางใด จากการศึกษาค้นคว้าเอกสารที่เกี่ยวข้อง รวมทั้งสัมภาษณ์แนวทางการดำเนินงาน ปัญหาและอุปสรรคของหน่วยงานที่เกี่ยวข้อง พบว่านโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าของประเทศไทย มุ่งเน้นการนำเข้าชิ้นส่วนสำคัญและการรับจ้างประกอบ ซึ่งสะท้อนได้จากผลการวิเคราะห์ผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียประโยชน์จากนโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้า ซึ่งผลการคำนวณอยู่ในระดับ 0.35 สะท้อนถึงต้นทุนของผู้สูญเสียผลประโยชน์ในระดับที่สูง นำไปสู่การกำหนดนโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าของประเทศไทยที่ขาดความชัดเจน การใช้งบประมาณชดเชยให้กับผู้เสียผลประโยชน์ที่ส่วนใหญ่เป็นผู้ผลิตชิ้นส่วนยานยนต์ที่เกี่ยวกับเครื่องยนต์ และ ผู้ขายน้ำมันกลุ่มรัฐวิสาหกิจและภาคเอกชน จะทำให้การออกนโยบายดังกล่าวมีความชัดเจนและเป็นเอกภาพ จากการศึกษานโยบายส่งเสริมอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าของประเทศจีนและประเทศญี่ปุ่น พบว่ารัฐบาลของประเทศดังกล่าวนำเสนอนโยบายสาธารณะที่ครอบคลุม นับตั้งแต่นโยบายส่งการบริโภค นโยบายส่งเสริมการผลิต นโยบายส่งเสริมการวิจัยและพัฒนาเทคโนโลยี นโยบายการอุดหนุนจากภาครัฐ นโยบายด้านการควบคุมมลพิษ โดยผ่านมาตรการทางการค้าระหว่างประเทศ มาตรการทางการคลังและกึ่งการคลัง เพื่อสนับสนุนทุนวิจัยเพื่อสร้างนวัตกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้า ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่จะพัฒนาขีดความสามารถทางนวัตกรรมและเทคโนโลยีของอุตสาหกรรมยานยนต์ไฟฟ้าของประเทศไทย เพื่อเพิ่มมูลค่าทางเศรษฐกิจและยกระดับการพัฒนาประเทศบนพื้นฐานของความยั่งยืน
A portrait of trade in cultural goods in respect UNESCO instruments in the contexts of hard-law and soft-law
Authors: Fartousi Hassan
Published: June 2023

Cultural Goods have the dual nature of being related to both culture and economy. The WTO considers the trade aspects and UNESCO gives value to the cultural aspects of cultural goods. Therefore, there are interactions between the provisions, institutions and practices of the WTO Agreement and UNESCO CDCE on trade in cultural goods. This book examines potential conflicts between the two agreements. In doing so we are proposing three routes to enhance legal coherence between them: propose an improved interpretation of the instruments; harmonise through hard law; and foster mutual supportiveness through soft law.
Towards a Fuzzy World Order: What Role for NATO?
Authors: Higgot Richard , Reich Simon
Published: June 2023

Bi-polarity, multi-polarity, the end of globalization, or Cold War v. 2.0. New explanations of world order abound. Often, they are asserted rather than reasoned by pundits looking for their 15 minutes of fame. This paper is much more modest. It eschews grand statements about world order. Rather we demonstrate that the future is far less clear cut and predetermined. Yes, a global binary is emerging around U.S.-China competition, but it is what we describe as fuzzy bifurcation. If our analysis is accurate, then it affects the behavior of other actors differently than a tight bi-polar system. In this paper we look at the implications of a fuzzy bifurcation of world order for that most important of alliances – NATO.
Rebuilding “Greater Russia” and the Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Kanet Roger E.
Published: June 2023

This article examines Vladimir Putin's commitment to rebuilding "Greater Russia" and its implications in the context of the invasion of Ukraine. Putin's vision involves re-establishing the former Soviet Union and extending Russian dominance beyond its borders, fueled by a belief in the historical and cultural ties between Russians and Ukrainians. The article explores Russia's assertive and unilateralist approach to international politics, its military interventions in neighboring countries, and the justifications used to expand Moscow's control over former Soviet territories. Highlighting the invasion of Ukraine in 2014 and its devastating consequences, the author raises questions about Putin's long-term goals and whether they involve recreating "Greater Russia" or countering perceived threats from the West and neighboring states. The author contends that despite other factors that might play a role in influencing Russian policy, the re-establishment of Moscow’s influence/control over as much post-Soviet territory as possible – the recreation of “Greater Russia” -- is the most important role – not NATO expansion, although it no doubt was an issue. If the Russians are successful in dominating Ukraine, other former Soviet areas – for example, the Baltics – are likely to become targets of future expansion.
Foreword: Expanding NATO: What Challenges and Opportunities Wait Ahead?
Authors: Kılıçer Aybars Arda
Published: June 2023

In an ever-changing world marked by geopolitical shifts and evolving security threats, it is crucial to reassess and adapt the collective defense architecture that underpins international stability. Established more than 70 years ago, NATO has been a crucial element of global security and a demonstration of the effectiveness of collective defense. The expansion of NATO's reach has become a significant topic of debate as the world evolves. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has effectively ensured the security of its member states through a collective defense framework, making it a successful alliance. The evolving global landscape, which includes emerging threats, changing power dynamics, and evolving security challenges, has led to a reassessment of NATO's role and scope. There are those who advocate for the acceptance of NATO's expansion as a means of strengthening security and fostering collaboration among nations with similar values. The argument posits that enlarging NATO's membership can function as a deterrent against acts of aggression, strengthen democratic principles, and promote a more stable global system. This special issue, which we had the great pleasure of working together with NATO’s Public Diplomacy Divison, seeks to delve into the multifaceted dimensions of expanding NATO, exploring the challenges and opportunities that lie on the horizon. As we examine this critical issue, it is important to emphasize that the views expressed in these pages are diverse and reflect the complex and varied perspectives on NATO's expansion. Our authors, specialists from a wide-range of different fields, contributed their valuable opinions regarding this important discussion which has become further important since Russia’s aggression against Ukraine has escalated with simultaneously intensifying debates concerning the start of a new Cold-War in our time.
The Distinctiveness of NATO and the Alliance's Prehistory
Authors: Thompson William R.
Published: June 2023

This article delves into the prehistory and unique evolution of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), questioning its categorization within the realm of military alliances. While NATO can be seen as a conventional military alliance, its prehistory spanning 450 years of European balancing history sets it apart. In contrast to other regions, Western Europe resisted the emergence of regional hegemony despite numerous attempts. Major power warfare in Europe revolved around balancing coalitions organized to resist French, Spanish/Habsburg, and German advances. These coalitions exhibited commitment reluctance and slow organization tendencies, highlighting the exceptional nature of European balancing. The article emphasizes Ludwig Dehio's theory, which attributes Europe's balancing success to the flanking powers on its eastern and western flanks. The creation of NATO institutionalized the anti-regional hegemony coalition, broadening its scope to include North America. NATO's historical trajectory and its contemporary challenges are discussed, highlighting the organization's adaptability and continued relevance in an evolving geopolitical landscape.
Literary Patronage of the Albanian Vlora Dynastic Family, 1670-1764
Authors: Abazi-Egro Genciana
Published: June 2023

The powerful Albanian Vlora dynastic family, during the 17th and 18th century built a cultural and literary patronage system, which was inherited from one generation to the next. This hereditary patronage reflected both, the features of the time and the personality of the powerful members of this family. Hysen Pasha Vlora (d. 1672) demonstrated a new perspective of urban life; he oriented the urban elite towards a new cultural model, which offered strong links with the public, but outside the umbrella of religious institutions. His son Mahmut Pasha (d. 1738), reflected his benevolent nature in his relations with poets. He contributed to the installation of the professional poet’s status and the development of a court literature in Albanian language. After him, Ismail Pasha Vlora (Velabishti, d. 1764), being a poet himself, manifested a higher sensitivity to the literary environment and to the Albanian language in particular. He took on the role of the moderator in the public and cultural life in the city of Berat. This attention and support from the Vlora dynastic family towards writers and poets in particular, caused Berat to be differentiated from other Albanian cities of the time. Just like that Berat was transformed into the most important literary center of the Albanians during the 18th century. When Vlora family ruled in Berat, the Albanian literature knew great poets like Nezim Berati, followed by Sulejman Naibi. Apart from them, there were other numerous poets, such as Fejzi, Irzi, or Ismail Pasha and Ahmet Kurt Pasha themselves.
Knowledge, Power and Freedom: Case of the Albanian Society
Authors: Kurtulaj Viliem
Published: June 2023

At the core of this article are three key concepts: knowledge, power, and freedom. The backwardness of Albanian society, compared to other developed European societies, has urged me to seek and understand how the relationship of Albanian society with these three concepts stands. For a society, it is essential in which concepts it raises its existence and vision, and how much it respects those concepts. Although the everyday life of people of a society has to do with the practical side, it is difficult to find a developed society that does not initially embody the theories and concepts upon which it has chosen its own existence. The way we understand concepts determines how we respect those concepts. For this reason, it is important to understand how Albanian society conceives the concepts of knowledge, power and freedom, how it interacts with these concepts, and how these concepts relate to each other in Albanian society. This article uses qualitative methods, mainly a review of the literature of Foucault, Kant, Lyotard and Heidegger that relates to the concepts of knowledge, power and freedom, using these concepts to understand how the relation of Albanian society with such concepts is.
Within the paradigm of security studies
Authors: Spahiu Vilma , Lami Blendi , Xharo Kristaq
Published: June 2023

Security studies curriculum remains an important commitment to lecturers and academics. As the security process is becoming increasingly asymmetrical, the concept of security is constantly changing. Security is not considered only a military or diplomatic dimension, but a comprehensive process. State institutions are supposed to cooperate at local, national and international level to meet the needs of the population to mitigate and prevent security threats. Therefore, education and qualification of those dealing with security enables analysis, expertise, management and leadership. Security study programs are part of a dynamic trend in universities, colleges, military academies and other research institutions. They have transcended the traditional concept, as it was applied during the Cold War. It is encouraging, but also challenging, that the European University of Tirana is successfully developing advanced modules on security studies. These are programs where the field of security is integrated not only with international relations and political science, but also with strategic studies, crisis and conflict management, negotiation, international organizations, history, geopolitics, philosophy, methodology, etc. The paper concludes that the old curriculum in the security field in Albanian universities and institutions, focusing on traditional concept of territorial security, is challenged by the trend of innovative universities such as European University of Tirana, offering contemporary programs in this field.
Effects of deforestation on microclimate in a Cerrado-Amazonia Transition area
Authors: Machado Nadja Gomes , Biudes Marcelo Sacardi , Mützenberg Dalila Morgana de Souza , Angelini Lucas Peres
Published: June 2023

The Cerrado-Amazon Transition region has a high deforested area in Brazil. Given the importance of the forest in maintaining the climate of this region, were evaluated the patterns of micrometeorological variables in forested and deforested areas in the Cerrado-Amazon Transition region in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Precipitation, solar radiation, average, minimum and maximum air temperature, relative air humidity, soil temperature and wind speed were measured into a forest (FOR) and in a deforested area (DEF). Precipitation in the studied region has a hyper-seasonal pattern with 95% of the volume in the wet season (October to April), which influenced the seasonality of the micrometeorological variables. Solar radiation in DEF was 8-folds higher than in FOR, air temperature in DEF was up to 11% higher than in FOR, relative humidity in FOR was up to 14% higher than in DEF, soil temperature in DEF was 18% greater than in FOR and wind speed in DEF was 22-folds greater than in FOR. Deforestation significantly influenced the seasonality and magnitude of the analyzed micrometeorological variables.
Factors effecting financial risk: experimental evidence from Vietnam pharmaceutical enterprises
Authors:   Academy of Policy and Development, Lê Thị Nhung
Published: June 2023

The research assesses the impact of factors on financial risk of listed pharmaceutical companies in Vietnam. The study used a secondary data set from the financial statements of pharmaceutical companies listed in Vietnam stock market for the period from 2009 to 2021 combined with methods of analyzing static panel data and performing tests model selection. The research shows that enterprises have low debt structure; large solvency, profitability, operational efficiency, capital structure, enterprise size; long- term existence, the level of financial risk is low. The paper results are basically consistent with financial risk theory and related studies. The study makes recommendations to minimize the level of financial risk of enterprises in the survey sample.
Influence of accounting conservatism on firm performance: Evidence from listed companies on Hanoi Stock Exchange
Authors:   National Economics University, Đinh Thế Hùng , Nguyễn Lê Thuỷ , Mai Tố Quyên , Lê Yến Nhi , Vũ Diệu Linh , Nguyễn Thị Lan Anh ,   Hanoi University of Industry
Published: June 2023

This study aims to assess the influence of accounting conservatism on firm performance of listed companies on the Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) by testing multivariate regression model through software SPSS. The study was completed based on survey results of 325 non-financial companies listed on HNX from 2019 to 2021. Ahmed & Duellman (2007) indicator is used as a benchmark for measuring accounting conservatism. The firm performance indicators used in this study are Return on assets (ROA), Return on equity (ROE) and Return on sales (ROS). The results of the research show that accounting conservatism has a significant positive influence on firm performance, so listed companies on the stock exchange HNX should fully implement this important principle.
The relationship between physical activity and depression
Authors: Zejak Aleksandar
Published: June 2023

Physical activity is any movement of skeletal muscles that uses energy. The earliest records of purposeful physical activity date as far back as 2500 BC from China, which tells us that even then people knew that it was essential for maintaining health. However, today man is more and more busy and generally sits most of the day and has no time to move. All this affects our mental health. Depression as one of the main problems of today is interesting when it comes to physical activity because it is believed that movement can improve its symptoms. The aim of the study: The aim of our work is to explain what depression is, what are its symptoms and how it is generally treated. However, the main goal is to explain how physical activity affects the improvement of depression symptoms. Depression: Depression is a mental disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and loss of will and interest in most things. It is classified into five different entities. Important for our work is major depressive disorder, which, according to statistical data, occurs more and more often. The occurrence of depressive disorder is influenced by genetics and environmental factors. Physical activity and depression: The positive impact of exercise on mental health is an increasingly common subject of research and interest in the general population. There are a number of ways that regular physical activity can improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression. However, certain physical activity can also have a negative impact on the psyche. Conclusion: In order for physical activity to have a positive impact on health, it is important that it is carried out regularly and correctly. A person with depression should choose an activity that suits them, preferably in nature. It is also important to eat healthy food, get enough sleep and drink enough water.
Dyspepsia in primary health care: Case report
Authors: Stefanović Tanja , Ester Aleksander
Published: June 2023

Dyspepsia is a term originated from the Greek prefix dys-(bad) and the word pepsis (digestion) and it means indigestion. Dyspepsia is a symptom which indicates occasional or constant pain in the region of the upper abdomen or discomfort which is described in the form of early satiety or a feeling of fullness in the stomach. Sometimes it can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and heartburn. The symptoms of dyspepsia are not specific enough to indicate a particular disease. And if indicated, additional diagnostics are performed in order to prove or rule out a physical disorder. Dyspepsia is a frequent reason for visiting the doctor. About 40% of the world's population has symptoms of dyspepsia, most often the working population aged between 20-40 years, equally in both sexes. About 25% of patients seek doctor's help, while the rest seek help for their problems at a pharmacy. Dyspepsia is the reason for 40% of performed gastroenterology consultations. This article presents the clinical picture, therapeutic and diagnostic course, as well as the outcome of the treatment of a 53-year-old patient who came to the doctor with symptoms of dyspepsia. The symptoms of dyspepsia had lasted for several years before coming to the doctor. During the first examination, an anamnesis was taken, the review of systems was performed, and a basic blood test done in the local Health center. Given that there was no data on the existence of alarming symptoms in this patient, symptomatic therapy and advised change of habits were included, as well as a planned checkup in one month. At the checkup, the patient reported a decrease in frequency and intensity of abdominal pain, so it was decided to perform additional diagnostics: test for Helicobacter pylori, fecal occult blood test, and ultrasound examination of the abdomen. Requested result of FOBT was negative, but the test for Helicobacter pylori was positive. Ultrasound examination revealed the presence of small calculi in the gallbladder, but there were no other significant clinical findings. Eradication therapy for helicobacter infection was included, and an examination by a gastroenterologist for further diagnostics (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) was planned. Gastroscopy findings were described as chronic non-atrophic gastritis, predominantly antral. A follow-up gastroscopy was planned in five-year interval, the patient was given the proton pump inhibitors therapy, as well as dietary instructions. Given that dyspepsia often occurs in clinical practice, it was necessary to make a proper assessment regarding further diagnostics, on the one hand for economic reasons and on the other hand for medical reasons. Here, the decision was made to carry out further diagnostics considering the duration of the health problems, the presence of the problems during symptomatic therapy, the age of the patient and his concerns. Given the absence of alarming symptoms, appointments were scheduled for all examinations, so a complete diagnosis of organic dyspepsia was reached after 13 months.
Factors affecting development of voluntary health insurance in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Kovačević Marija
Published: June 2023

Voluntary health insurance enables a higher level of healthcare services for users and provision of healthcare services not included in the compulsory health insurance system. One of the main advantages of further development and growth of voluntary health insurance in the Republic of Serbia is a significant reduction of expenses of citizens in the entire healthcare system. A key argument in favour of voluntary health insurance is that, in the context of limited public resources for healthcare, it can advance healthcare policy goals by easing fiscal pressure on the healthcare sector. The situation and trends in the real sector influence development of the insurance sector. In order to improve voluntary health insurance, it is necessary to establish cooperation within compulsory and voluntary health insurance, work on connecting state and private healthcare institutions, provide better promotion of services and influence the increase in health literacy of citizens. Better connection of private and public healthcare institutions, compulsory and voluntary health insurance, better promotion of service packages, better information provided to citizens about this type of health insurance, as well as increasing the standard of living, influence development of the basic factors of voluntary health insurance.
The comprehension of victory in the strategic concept of total defence
Authors: Mavrak Dano
Published: June 2023

Small states that base their defence strategy on the concept of total defence, even if they do not defeat a stronger opponent militarily, and in the course of an armed conflict deny the enemy an absolute victory according to their criteria, and at the same time protect their national interests, can consider such an outcome victory. Victory at strategic level is conditioned, and not entirely determined, by military victories at tactical and operational level. Claiming victory at strategic level is a qualitative and political perception of state leaders, while at a lower level it is mostly the subject of quantitative analysis by military commanders. By analysing the content of strategic and doctrinal documents, scientific publications, and then by comparative and historical analysis of the concepts of strategy and victory, their relationship and understanding in different historical eras has been shown. The historical comprehension of victory in the Republic of Serbia since the restoration of statehood in the 19th century until today has been particularly analysed. A multiple study (R. Serbia 1999-2022; Afghanistan 2001-2021; Iraq 2003-2022) in which the defenders' successes were analysed after the attack by an asymmetrically stronger armed force led by the US Armed Forces, has served as the basis for scientific generalisation and making a final statement about victory and the concept of total defence. By understanding that the strategic victory of the weaker in an asymmetric conflict is achieved by relying on armed forces, and above all by the synergy of all elements of national power, the conditions are created to get out of conflicts under favourable conditions with as few human and material losses as possible.
Estado fisiológico de los ovarios en bovinos en el Cantón Morona Santiago
Authors: Condo Plaza Luis Alonso , Reyes Silva Fabián Danilo , Larrea Izurieta Carlos Octavio , Marini Pablo Roberto
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se evaluó el estado fisiológico de los ovarios de bovinos sacrificados en el camal del cantón Morona Santiago. La información obtenida se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva y se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Se determinó que el 25,7 % de las hembras estaban gestantes y el 74,3 % se encontraron vacías. En el ovario derecho se determinó la mayor proporción de cuerpos lúteos 66,7 %, los cuales difirieron significativamente del número de cuerpos lúteos del ovario izquierdo que presentó el 33,3 %. La presencia de ovarios funcionales, en mayor proporción se encontró en el izquierdo (68,9 %), el cual hace que difiera significativamente de los funcionales del ovario derecho. Se determinó únicamente un cuerpo hemorrágico en el ovario izquierdo. Se encontraron cinco animales con ovarios afuncionales de los cuales dos de ellos estaban en el ovario izquierdo equivalente al 40 % y el 60 % restante estaban en el ovario derecho, que difirieron significativamente. Se concluye que las estructuras encontradas difieren en la frecuencia de aparición entre el ovario izquierdo y el ovario derecho.
Caracterización de proteína microbiana obtenida a partir de residuos agroindustriales
Authors: Chafla Moina Ana Lucia , Espin Montesdeoca Juan Marcial , Jara Arguello Margarita del Rocio , Peñafiel Sonia E.
Published: June 2023

En el laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, se caracterizó la proteína microbiana obtenida a partir de la mezcla suero lácteo, cáscara de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis) y banano maduro (Musa paradisiaca), mediante fermentación en estado sólido (FES). Los tratamientos se asignaron bajo un diseño completamente al azar, con arreglo factorial de 4x4 y tres repeticiones. Los factores fueron: suero lácteo (SL) (0, 5, 10 y 15 %) y Tiempo de Fermentación (TF) (0, 12, 24 y 36 h). Se evaluó los indicadores bromatológicos, pH, nitrógeno amoniacal (NH3), ácidos grasos volátiles (AGVs), y conteo de levaduras. El pH se incrementó a medida que se incluyó el SL, entre 4.9 y 5.6, sin embargo con el (TF), el valor difiere significativamente en los tratamientos (P ≤ 0.001). El número de levaduras incrementaron significativamente (P< 0.001), en los tratamientos 10 y 15 % de SL, con respecto al control. Existió unarelación significativa (P<0.001), entre la producción de AGVs y el TF, el tratamiento que presentó la mayor producción de AGVs fue el tratamiento al 15 % SL a las 24 h con 13.33 meq/L. La fibra cruda (FC) disminuyó (P ≤0.0001) con el nivel creciente de SL. La proteína verdadera (PV) aumentó (P ≤ 0.0001), a medida que se incrementa el nivel de SL y el TF en cada tratamiento. La inclusión hasta un 15 % de SL sobre cáscara de maracuyá y banano maduro permitió obtener los mejores indicadores fermentativos y bromatológicos en la producción de proteína microbiana.
Logros de aprendizaje a través de la retroalimentación virtual: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Carranza Dávila Rosa Genoveva , Guevara Fernández Juan Antonio , Ríos Lozada Ricardo Nacor , Ramirez Delgado Jorge Genaro , Hernández Fernández Bertila
Published: June 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación centrada en el estudio de los procesos de resultados de aprendizaje entre docentes y estudiantes entendidos a partir de la comprensión de la retroalimentación hipotética. Se proporciona un antecedente de investigación investigando artículos relacionados con el tema que se investiga. Los resultados muestran la importancia de desarrollar, recibir y analizar la herramienta de retroalimentación así como su impacto para motivar a los estudiantes y mejorar su aprendizaje posterior. Se proporcionan datos sobre los distintos tipos y términos de retroalimentación que influyen en la evaluación dirigida al aprendizaje. El efecto de desarrollar procesos de retroalimentación en los dominios emocionales y personales de los participantes fue notable. El estudio de retroalimentación experimental ha ayudado a impulsar métodos de evaluación global, complejos y del mundo real y, por lo tanto, un aprendizaje profundo y relevante, más allá del simple proceso estratégico. Desde el punto de vista del docente-investigador, señaló los aportes de esta visión al análisis, reflexión y perfeccionamiento de sus prácticas docentes, y por ende a su desarrollo profesional.