bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dining in Utopia: A Taste of the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast under Socialism
Authors: Neuburger Mary
Published: November 2017

This article explores the ways in which the Bulgarian socialist regime integrated a newly elaborated culture of food and drink into its promises for the “good life” and a utopian future. With a focus on Black Sea coast tourism, it argues that the development of more refined food and drink offerings and public dining venues played a dual role of shaping and serving a modern socialist citizenry. With tourism as a major engine of the Bulgarian economy, catering to Bulgarian, Bloc, and Western tourists meant that creating a gastronomic utopia by the sea was part and parcel of “building” and showcasing socialism. This was intimately tied to bolstering state legitimacy through the provision of leisure and abundance, but also to a newly minted Bulgarian national cuisine. By the late 1970s and 1980s, however, the Black Sea tourist phenomenon both exhibited and exacerbated the problem of growing shortages and hence the deep crisis of the system, which collapsed in 1989.
Blending Between Bassoon and Horn Players
Authors: Lembke Sven-Amin , Levine Scott , McAdams Stephen
Published: November 2017

Achieving a blended timbre between two instruments is a common aim of orchestration. It relates to the auditory fusion of simultaneous sounds and can be linked to several acoustic factors (e.g., temporal synchrony, harmonicity, spectral relationships). Previous research has left unanswered if and how musicians control these factors during performance to achieve blend. For instance, timbral adjustments could be oriented towards the leading performer. In order to study such adjustments, pairs of one bassoon and one horn player participated in a performance experiment, which involved several musical and acoustical factors. Performances were evaluated through acoustic measures and behavioral ratings, investigating differences across performer roles as leaders or followers, unison or non-unison intervals, and earlier or later segments of performances. In addition, the acoustical influence of performance room and communication impairment were also investigated. Role assignments affected spectral adjustments in that musicians acting as followers adjusted toward a “darker” timbre (i.e., realized by reducing the frequencies of the main formant or spectral centroid). Notably, these adjustments occurred together with slight reductions in sound level, although this was more apparent for horn than bassoon players. Furthermore, coordination seemed more critical in unison performances and also improved over the course of a performance. These findings compare to similar dependencies found concerning how performers coordinate their timing and suggest that performer roles also determine the nature of adjustments necessary to achieve the common aim of a blended timbre.
Can You Tell a Prodigy From a Professional Musician?
Authors: Comeau Gilles , Vuvan Dominique T. , Picard-Deland Claudia , Peretz Isabelle
Published: November 2017

Little empirical research has been conducted on prodigies, in no small part due to the fact that there exists no agreed-upon definition with which to identify them. The most widespread definition characterizes a prodigy as a child who, at a very young age (typically before 10) performs at an adult professional level (Feldman & Goldsmith, 1986). We tested this definition by asking musicians and nonmusicians to (1) judge whether audio clips were played by a prodigy or a professional, and (2) identify which of two clips of the same piece was played by a prodigy. Listeners performed above chance in both tasks but by a very modest margin, and musicians performed better than nonmusicians. Their low performance implies that prodigies perform well enough to be judged in terms of the most demanding criteria of performance in the field. Yet older prodigies (11 to 14) were harder to distinguish from professionals than younger prodigies (under 10), suggesting a protracted developmental trajectory for prodigy performance. Furthermore, the rate at which prodigies progressed in their playing appears higher than for regular students, suggesting that rate of progress might be used as an additional criterion for defining music prodigy.
The Implementation of Constructivism-Based Student Worksheets within The Theme ‘The Prevention of Land and Forest Fire’ in Science Education for Grade VII of Secondary Schools in Riau
Authors: Yustina Y. , Kapsin K.
Published: November 2017

The issues of land and forest fire require a comprehensive effort, one of which is through the dissemination of educational values, such as science education. This verification study aims to examine the truth of the stage competence on the constructivism approach of the advanced test on student woksheet 1 and 2 and compare it with the test results 2 on the theme of forest and land fire and peat swamp ecosystem as well as global warming and its impact. The study was conducted in the laboratory of Biology department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Riau and SMPN 1 Bungaraya in September-December 2016. This type of research is verivication research of advanced test results with test results on 2 sets of developed student worksheet. The data were collected from student worksheet. The results from this study indicate that students’ competence in constructing ideas through constructivism approach is ‘good’ at student worksheet 1 (mean score=3.27) and ‘very good’ at student worksheet 2 (mean score=3.43). The data also show that there was a consistency between the advanced test to the experimental test II. This study concludes that student worksheet 1 and student worksheet 2 can improve the students’ competence in building their knowledge on the topic of forest and land fires, and both worksheets (student worksheet 1 and 2) are eligible to be used as a reference for teaching science subject for Grade VII.
Project- Based Learning and Problem-Based Learning: Are They Effective to Improve Student’s Thinking Skills?
Authors: Anazifa R. D. , Djukri D.
Published: November 2017

The study aims at finding (1) the effect of project-based learning and problem-based learning on student’s creativity and critical thinking and (2) the difference effect of project-based learning and problem-based learning on student’s creativity and critical thinking. This study is quasi experiment using non-equivalent control-group design. Research population of this study was all classes in eleventh grade of mathematics and natural science program of SMA N 1 Temanggung. The participants were 102 students. This study used three classes as research sample which implemented three different kinds of learning models in respiratory system. XI MIPA 3 was as an experimental group implementing project- based learning and XI MIPA 5 was as an experimental group implementing problem- based learning, while XI MIPA 1 was as control group. Data was collected using two instruments to measure student’s creativity and student’s critical thinking. Data was analysed using t- test, multivariate analysis, and univariate analysis. The results reveal that (1) project-based learning and problem-based learning affect student’s creativity and critical thinking; (2) there is a difference effect of project-based learning and problem- based learning on student’s creativity; and (3) there is no difference effect of project-based learning and problem-based learning on student’s critical thinking.
Complex History and Differentiation Patterns of the t-Haplotype, a Mouse Meiotic Driver
Authors: Kelemen Reka K , Vicoso Beatriz
Published: November 2017

The t-haplotype, a mouse meiotic driver found on chromosome 17, has been a model for autosomal segregation distortion for close to a century, but several questions remain regarding its biology and evolutionary history. A recently published set of population genomics resources for wild mice includes several individuals heterozygous for the t-haplotype, which we use to characterize this selfish element at the genomic and transcriptomic level. Our results show that large sections of the t-haplotype have been replaced by standard homologous sequences, possibly due to occasional events of recombination, and that this complicates the inference of its history. As expected for a long genomic segment of very low recombination, the t-haplotype carries an excess of fixed nonsynonymous mutations compared to the standard chromosome. This excess is stronger for regions that have not undergone recent recombination, suggesting that occasional gene flow between the t and the standard chromosome may provide a mechanism to regenerate coding sequences that have accumulated deleterious mutations. Finally, we find that t-complex genes with altered expression largely overlap with deleted or amplified regions, and that carrying a t-haplotype alters the testis expression of genes outside of the t-complex, providing new leads into the pathways involved in the biology of this segregation distorter.
Obituario - Dr. Eduardo Santini Araujo
Authors: Ayerza Miguel Ángel , Muscolo Domingo Luis
Published: November 2017

Obituario.
Infant Neuromotor Development and Childhood Problem Behavior
Authors: Serdarevic Fadila , Ghassabian Akhgar , van Batenburg-Eddes Tamara , Tahirovic Emin , White Tonya , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , Verhulst Frank C. , Tiemeier Henning
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:

Research of adults and school-aged children suggest a neurodevelopmental basis for psychiatric disorders. We examined whether infant neuromotor development predicted internalizing and externalizing problems in young children.

METHODS:

In Generation R, a population-based cohort in the Netherlands (2002–2006), trained research assistants evaluated the neuromotor development of 4006 infants aged 2 to 5 months by using an adapted version of Touwen’s Neurodevelopmental Examination (tone, responses, and senses and other observations). We defined nonoptimal neuromotor development as scores in the highest tertile. Mothers and fathers rated their children’s behavior at ages 1.5, 3, 6, and 10 years with the Child Behavior Checklist (n = 3474, response: 86.7%). The associations were tested with generalized linear mixed models.

RESULTS:

Overall, neuromotor development predicted internalizing scores, but no association was observed with externalizing scores. Nonoptimal muscle tone was associated with higher internalizing scores (mothers’ report: β = .07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01 to 0.13; fathers’ report: β = .09, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.16). In particular, nonoptimal low muscle tone was associated with higher internalizing scores (mothers’ report: β = .11; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.18; fathers’ report: β = .13; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.22). We also observed an association between senses and other observations with internalizing scores. There was no relationship between high muscle tone or reflexes and internalizing scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

Common emotional problems in childhood have a neurodevelopmental basis in infancy. Neuromotor assessment in infancy may help identify vulnerability to early internalizing symptoms and offer the opportunity for targeted interventions.
Simulation of Migration and Forecast of Population in the Baltic Countries by the Year 2096 / Имитационное моделирование миграций и прогноз численности населения в странах Балтии до 2096 года
Authors: Manakov Andrey , Suvorkov Pavel , Stanaitis Saulius
Published: November 2017

The aim of the study is the forecast of the migration and population to 2096 in Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania). This article is prepared on the basis of several Bayesian probabilistic projection according to the Population Division of the Department of economic and social Affairs of the UN Secretariat. The main research method is a simulation of multifactor modeling. In general, migration in the Baltic States adversely affecting the projected population. However, the influence of net migration differs between the countries. It is necessary to take into account what according to the main provisions of UN and Eurostat net migration should be minimized until 2035. If the expected minimization of net migration will not happen, decrease in population of the Baltic States could be catastrophic.
Potential Areas of Ecological (Green) Tourism in Ukmergė District
Authors: Atkocevičienė Virginija , Valčiukienė Jolanta , Juknelienė Daiva , Matulionytė Neringa
Published: November 2017

For harmony with nature, eco - green tourism is getting more popular. Eco - Green tourism - is kind of tourism, where the main purpose is to observe nature and local cultural manifestations, without adversely affecting the environment and giving local residents an opportunity for social and economic activities. Lithuania potential for such traveling is very high, because we have a lot of natural, nature conserved, human unspoiled areas and opportunities for waching birds and wildlife.
Universal eco-tourism is considered to escalate at the beginning of 1983. An examination of the statistics of the incoming flow of tourists in Ukmergė region, reveals that this number is likely to increase. Ukmergė region extremely rich in natural attractions, so the analysis had been done by selected 4 areas: mansions and park, mounds, water and active water tourism, rural tourism and educational centers.
In summary, the results suggest that the majority of Ukmerge district natural resources can be attributed to the personalized eco - green tourism. Adapting mounds (11 of 15) and educational centers (4 out of 4) are the strongest. A bit less is in rural tourism (10 of 14) and only 5 of 14 mansions. Sventoji and Siesartis rivers and pond Kadrėnų are mostly developed for green tourism. In order to develop the Green - eco-tourism area in Ukmerge it is appropriate to fix Leonpolis mantion and Obeliai lakes‘ areas.
Conditions and Possibilities of Undertaking Physical Activity in the “Beskidzka 5” Tourism Cluster / Fizinio aktyvumo „Beskidzka 5“ turizmo klasteryje sąlygos ir galimybės
Authors: Chudy Wojciech , Krutikov Valeri
Published: November 2017

The content of reports is summarized part of the doctoral thesis, incurred as a result of years of research of the author. The study was conducted in the field of physical activity of the society carried out in specific geo-spatial boundaries which is called the tourist cluster “Beskidzka 5”. For these reasons, the “Beskidzka 5” tourism micro-region is an appropriate area for measurement, analysis and evaluation of possibilities of undertaking physical activities. Thus, the subject matter of this thesis results on one hand from the need to develop all aspects of physical activity in order to promote active attitude towards exercises in everyday life, and on the other hand - from the need to define the role of the tourism cluster in strengthening of physically proactive attitudes. Analysis of empirical material gathered as a result of the study confirmed that the spatial diversity of the infrastructure makes the existing possibilities of undertaking physical activity in the area of the “Beskidzka 5” cluster complementary to each other and act together as highly attractive tourist product of the discussed area.
The Fish that Disappeared
Authors: Arntsen Bjørn
Published: November 2017

Fifty years ago Lake Chad was one of the largest inland lakes of Africa. It was also extraordinarily well stocked with fish. Neither is the case anymore. Gudja and the other fishermen of the Gilam quarter of Blangua face great difficulties in surviving from fishing. But is it so, as claimed by some, that the reduced fish stocks of today can be explained by the lack of water? By joining Gudja and his fishing pals in their work out on the lake, and through encounters with traditional authorities and modern administration, the underlying causes of the fish scarcity are revealed.
First Prospective Multicenter Italian Study on the Impact of the 21-Gene Recurrence Score in Adjuvant Clinical Decisions for Patients with ER Positive/HER2 Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Dieci Maria Vittoria , Guarneri Valentina , Giarratano Tommaso , Mion Marta , Tortora Giampaolo , De Rossi Costanza , Gori Stefania , Oliani Cristina , Merlini Laura , Pasini Felice , Bonciarelli Giorgio , Griguolo Gaia , Orvieto Enrico , Michieletto Silvia , Saibene Tania , Del Bianco Paola , De Salvo Gian Luca , Conte PierFranco
Published: November 2017

Background

The Breast DX Italy prospective study evaluated the impact of the 21-gene recurrence score (RS) result on adjuvant treatment decisions for patients with early breast cancer.

Materials and Methods

Nine centers (two Hub and seven Spoke centers of the Veneto Oncology Network) participated. Consecutive patients with estrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth receptor negative, T1–T3, N0–N1 early breast cancer were prospectively registered; only those meeting protocol-defined clinicopathological “intermediate risk” criteria were eligible for the RS test. Pre-RS and post-RS physicians’ treatment recommendations and treatment actually received were collected.

Results

A total of n = 124 N0 and n = 126 N1 patients underwent the RS assay. The majority had Grade 2 tumors (71%); median age was 55 years, median tumor size was 16 mm, and median Ki67 expression was 20%. Patients enrolled at Hub centers presented higher-risk features. The distribution of RS results was <18 (60.8%), 18–30 (32.4%), and >30 (6.8%). The indication before RS was hormonal therapy (HT) alone in 52% of cases. An indication before RS of chemotherapy (CT)+HT was more frequent for patients with N1 versus N0 tumors (57% vs. 39%, p = .0035) and for patients enrolled at Hub versus Spoke centers (54% vs. 36%, p = .007).

The overall rate of change in treatment decision was 16% (n = 40), mostly from CT+HT to HT (n = 30). According to nodal status, rate of change in treatment decision was 12% for the N0 cohort and 20% for the N1 cohort. The proportion of patients recommended to CT+HT was significantly reduced from before to after RS (48% to 40%, p < .0016), especially in the N1 cohort (57% to 45%, p = .0027) and at Hub centers (54% to 44%, p = .001).

Conclusion

Despite frequent indication of HT before RS, the use of the RS assay further contributed to sparing CT, especially for patients with N1 tumors and at Hub centers.

Implications for Practice

This study shows that, although a high proportion of patients were recommended to receive endocrine treatment alone before knowing the recurrence score (RS) assay, the RS test further contributed in sparing chemotherapy for some of these patients, especially in case of the N1 stage or for patients enrolled at referral centers. These data highlight the need for further work in collaboration with health authorities and companies in order to define strategies for the implementation of the use of RS testing in clinical practice in the Italian setting.
Phase II Study of Bevacizumab and Vorinostat for Patients with Recurrent World Health Organization Grade 4 Malignant Glioma
Authors: Ghiaseddin Ashley , Reardon David , Massey Woody , Mannerino Alex , Lipp Eric S. , Herndon James E. , McSherry Frances , Desjardins Annick , Randazzo Dina , Friedman Henry S. , Peters Katherine B.
Published: November 2017

Lessons Learned

Combination regimen with bevacizumab (BEV) and vorinostat is well tolerated in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Treatment of recurrent glioblastoma remains challenging as this study and others attempt to improve progression-free survival and overall survival with BEV-containing regimens.

Background

Recurrent glioblastoma (GBM; World Health Organization grade 4) continues to have a very poor prognosis. Bevacizumab (BEV) has been shown to improve progression-free survival (PFS) in recurrent GBM and is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of recurrent GBM. Combination regimens have been explored, and in this phase II nonrandomized trial, we evaluated the efficacy of BEV combined with histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (VOR) in recurrent GBM.

Materials and Methods

In this phase II, single-center, nonrandomized study, subjects with recurrent GBM received BEV 10 mg/kg intravenously (IV) every 2 weeks combined with VOR 400 mg p.o. daily for 7 days on, 7 days off, in a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was 6-month PFS (PFS6).

Results

Forty patients with recurrent GBM were enrolled and evaluated. PFS6 was 30.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.8%–44.4%). Median overall survival (OS) was 10.4 months (95% CI 7.6–12.8 months). Overall radiographic response rate was 22.5% based on 9 partial responses. The most common grade 2 and above treatment-related adverse events were lymphopenia (55%), leukopenia (45%), neutropenia (35%), and hypertension (33%). Grade 4 adverse events were leukopenia (3%), neutropenia (3%), sinus bradycardia (3%), and venous thromboembolism (3%). Two deaths occurred in this study, with one due to tumor progression and another possibly related as death not otherwise specified.

Conclusion

Combination treatment of BEV and VOR was well tolerated. This combination therapy for this study population did not improve PFS6 or median OS when compared with BEV monotherapy.
Applicability of Timoshenko, Euler–Bernoulli and rigid beam theories in analysis of laterally loaded monopiles and piles
Authors: Gupta B. K. , Basu D.
Published: November 2017

In various analytical, semi-analytical and numerical studies on laterally loaded piles, the pile is conventionally modelled as an Euler–Bernoulli beam. Modelling large-diameter monopiles and piles using the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory may not be appropriate, because the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is strictly valid for long, slender piles and does not account for shear deformations, which may have a significant effect on the lateral pile response of large-diameter piles. In order to investigate the effect of shear deformation in the modelling of monopiles and piles, a framework for static analysis of laterally loaded piles is developed, in which the monopile/pile is modelled using the Timoshenko beam theory and the soil as an elastic continuum. A rational soil displacement field is assumed and the differential equations of pile and soil displacements are obtained using calculus of variations. Solutions are obtained analytically and numerically following an iterative scheme. The analysis framework also incorporates the Euler–Bernoulli and rigid beam theories as progressive simplifications of the Timoshenko beam theory. Pile responses obtained using the three beam theories are compared with three-dimensional finite-element analysis to establish the relative accuracies of each beam theory in predicting lateral pile response. Systematic parametric studies are performed to establish which beam theory is most appropriate to model laterally loaded monopiles and piles, particularly the large-diameter piles, and to find out the range of applicability of the different beam theories in predicting lateral pile response. The Timoshenko beam theory can be used for all cases of laterally loaded piles to produce the most accurate results, particularly for piles with hollow cross-sections. The Euler–Bernoulli beam theory produces accurate results for most piles with solid cross-sections. The rigid beam theory can be used for a quick initial estimate of pile head displacement, particularly for piles with high values of relative pile–soil stiffness ratio.
Building material price differentiation across geographic locations in South Africa
Authors: Windapo Abimbola , Moghayedi Alireza
Published: November 2017

This study examined the price of building materials and whether there are significant differences in the prices across South Africa and between retailers. The rationale stems from reports that there is a differential in building material prices across South Africa. However, it is not known whether location is a key factor in the price differentials. The research employed a quantitative approach. The data gathered were analysed using geographic information system (GIS) technology. The research established that there was significant variation in building material prices across South Africa and between retailers, and that when distributed by provinces, the relationship between price and distance varies between inverse and direct and is somewhat significant. Based on these findings, the research concludes that the distance of the retailer from the manufacturer is a weak predictor of price in a location, and recommends that further studies be undertaken to develop a model for use in explaining location differentials in national project procurement. The study contributes to the discussion on how recent developments such as the GIS technology can be used in identifying the areas in which there are building material price differentials, leveraging more economical infrastructure projects and proposing alternative innovative construction technologies.
The Potential Increase in Corporate Debt Interest Rate Payments from Changes in the Federal Funds Rate
Authors: Kumbhat Ashish , Palomino Francisco , Perez-Orive Ander
Published: November 2017

This note studies the response of interest expenses of U.S. nonfinancial corporations to an increase in interest rates.
A inaplicabilidade imediata do regime disciplinar diferenciado com base no controle de convencionalidade
Authors: Lopes Ana Maria D´Ávila , Tomé Semiramys Fernandes
Published: November 2017

O presente trabalho objetiva demonstrar a relevância do controle de convencionalidade na defesa dos direitos humanos do apenado perante as medidas atentatórias contra a dignidade humana previstas no Regime Disciplinar Diferenciado (RDD). Desse modo, com base numa pesquisa bibliográfica, legislativa e jurisprudencial na doutrina, legislação e jurisprudência nacional e internacional, foram inicialmente delimitados os contornos conceituais do RDD, para seguidamente discutir a sua constitucionalidade e convencionalidade em face dos direitos previstos na Constituição Federal de 1988 e na Convenção Americana sobre Direitos Humanos de 1969. Com esse objetivo, foram analisados os argumentos invocados pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça por ocasião do julgamento do HC 40.300/RJ, verificando-se o desrespeito ao princípio constitucional da dignidade humana. Por fim, a partir da análise da jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, evidenciou-se que o isolamento celular atenta contra os direitos do apenado, devendo, via controle de convencionalidade, deixar de ser aplicado no Estado brasileiro, sem necessidade de aguardar pelo julgamento da ADI no 4.162, na qual a constitucionalidade da lei que dispõe sobre o RDD é questionada.
Breve análise dos aspectos processuais que envolvem questões relacionadas à judicialização da sáude: a tutela antecipada
Authors: Rodrigues Cavalcanti de Alencar Rosmar Antonni , Lozada Claudia De Oliveira
Published: November 2017

Neste artigo trazemos à luz a discussão sobre os aspectos processuais que envolvem ações judiciais relacionadas ao direito à saúde, mais precisamente aquelas que abrangem as patologias raras que não são assistidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Para tanto, fazemos uma análise crítica de um dos instrumentos jurídicos que permeiam as questões relacionadas à judicialização da saúde: a antecipação da tutela, inclusive com apontamentos trazidos com base no Novo Código de Processo Civil (2015). Além do mais, dada a pertinência do tema deste artigo, são feitas colocações acerca do mínimo existencial, que norteia o Princípio da Dignidade Humana, e do efeito multiplicador, que tem figurado em muitos casos, como fundamento para suspensão de decisões judiciais em virtude da repetição de causas conexas que venham trazer prejuízo aos cofres públicos.
Para uma crítica humanista da sociedade racional e do direito moderno
Authors: Cunha Jose Ricardo Ferreira
Published: November 2017

O artigo apresenta como o projeto da modernidade se destacou como uma sociedade racional, onde a racionalidade instrumental se tornou a base da maior parte das relações e das instituições sociais. Razão e ciência se converteram no fundamento maior do direito moderno e tudo isso serviu para reduzir o potencial criador e transformador dos seres humanos. Por isso faz uma crítica da sociedade racional e afirma a importância de se recuperar uma concepção humanista de democracia, por meio da qual as pessoas possam ser vistas e respeitadas no seu potencial criativo sobre a própria realidade. Recupera a centralidade do conceito de práxis na vida social, inclusive no direito.
Editorial
Authors: Denier Louisa , Du Plessis Willemien
Published: November 2017

On Sunday 3 July 2011 the Research Committee of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law, the IUCN Environmental Law Centre, Bonn and the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law organised a pre-conference workshop entitled “Towards the legal recognition and governance of ecosystem services” at Mpekweni, Eastern Cape, South Africa. At this workshop, papers were delivered on various aspects of ecosystem services. These included an introduction to ecosystem services from a legal perspective by Alejandro Iza of the IUCN Environmental Law Centre, and an introduction from a scientific perspective, by Christo Marais of the South African Department of Water Affairs. Justice Antonio Benjamin from the High Court of Brazil gave a presentation on Jurisprudential experiences in Brasilia and the importance of the legal recognition of ecosystem services; Alistair Rieu Clarke (University of Dundee) spoke on “The 1997 UN Watercourses Convention and Ecosystem Services: Can a Combined Reading Ensure that International Watercourses are Utilised in an Equitable and Reasonable Manner?”; Jamie Benidickson (University of Ottawa) presented the new IUCN “Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation” and David Hodas (Widener University) gave a presentation entitled “Seeing into Law's Blindspot: Ecosystem Energy Services”. The discussions during the workshop enabled participants to realise that there were numerous angles to the topic of ecosystem services and that the discussion had not been fully explored, in particular concerning the human livelihoods aspect and the intricate relationship between ecosystem services and rights. It was therefore decided that there would be an open call for papers for publication on these issues, which would contribute to furthering this important discussion in the light of the major world conferences that would have taken place from 2012 onwards.
Vanaf die Dekaan / From the Dean
Authors: Smit Nicola
Published: November 2017

Die Fakulteit Regte is nou halfpad na ŉ honderdjarige. Weens haar ouderdom is sy diep begrond en strek haar takke en vrugte wyd. Ten spyte van haar ouderdom is sy egter steeds speels met baie planne en vol entoesiasme vir die toekoms. Ons is dankbaar dat ons hierdie mylpaal kon bereik, maar tyd is relatief en daar is immers die ou waarheid dat kosbare gedagtes ewig is en nooit oud sal word nie. Daar is talle gedagtes van ons vorige personeelkorpse verewig in joernale en boeke oor die afgelope 50 jaar en hierdie bundel bou daarop voort.The Faculty of Law is halfway in her journey to becoming a centenarian.  Her age ensures that she is a well-grounded and well-respected dame with the fruits of her labour stretching far and wide. Yet, despite her age, she is still sprightly and filled with enthusiasm for the future.  We are grateful that she could reach this milestone, but time, like so many things, is relative and the ancient truth remains that precious thoughts are everlasting and will never decay, diminish or grow old.  The thoughts and ideas of our previous staff members have been immortalised in journals, books and publications during the past 50 years, and this collection builds on this fine tradition.
Editorial
Authors: Stander Leonie
Published: November 2017

Feesuitgawe 50 jarige fees / Festival Issue 50 years
Poster abstracts
Authors: . .
Published: November 2017

Poster abstracts
“A battle between lust and loathing”: The interplay between masculinity and femininity in Zakes Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior
Authors: Crous Marius
Published: November 2017

In this essay the emphasis is on the interplay between masculinity and femininity and in particular that of white masculinity versus black femininity, as well as the role played by black female sexuality in the formation of masculine identity in a rural setting in apartheid South Africa. The essay also looks at the representation of the female body and the role of the female body as site of contestation of socio-political assumptions about masculinity and femininity. The text under discussion is Zakes Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior (2002), which is based on real life events that occurred in the small Free State town of Excelsior in the 1970s.
Bodily disintegration and successful ageing in Body Bereft by Antjie Krog
Authors: Pretorius Antoinette
Published: November 2017

Antjie Krog’s Body Bereft (2006) details both the bodily changes brought about by older age and the ways in which these changes fracture a person’s previously-stable sense of self. This article reads Krog’s depiction of the ageing body in a small selection of poems from this collection in relation to the unavoidable reality of bodily decay and what is referred to in gerontological theory as ‘successful ageing’. This tension dominates large parts of the gerontological field, and can be seen in Krog’s ambivalent representation of older age in Body Bereft. Through close readings of a number of poems, I will investigate the ways in which Krog problematises the relationship between the lived experience of older age with its concomitant sense of deterioration, and the societal impetus to age well and accept ageing with magnanimity. I will demonstrate that this collection foregrounds the poet’s refusal to accept pre-existing discourses that delimit ageing as something either to bemoan or celebrate. I will conclude that this refusal finds particular expression in her poems “dommelfei / crone in the woods” and “how do you say this”.
La política educativa para la enseñanza de la historia de Colombia (1948-1990): de los planes de estudio por asignaturas a la integración de las ciencias sociales
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Alvaro , Samacá Alonso Gabriel
Published: November 2017

Este artículo se ocupa de abordar la política educativa relacionada con la invención de una memoria histórica que el Estado colombiano desarrolló y trató de implementar durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. El planteamiento central que se sostiene en estas cuartillas es que el Estado central sí se interesó por incidir en la definición de la memoria compartida desde una perspectiva que podría denominarse nacionalista, más allá de los cambios a nivel pedagógico que se acometieron en el periodo de estudio. La nación fue el referente central del proyecto de memoria compartida del Ministerio de Educación, al punto que se mantuvo en el proceso de transición de la enseñanza de las asignaturas separadas del proyecto integrado de mediados de los años ochenta. El propósito era mantener los rasgos propios de un nacionalismo cultural articulados con una formación política y cívica legitimadora del régimen democrático vigente y del sistema capitalista como meta deseable de toda la sociedad. Este artículo se basó fundamentalmente en el estudio de la documentación oficial expedida por el MEN con el fin de analizar los marcos educativos que tuvo la producción de manuales escolares en la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
Pedagogías de las memorias de la historia reciente colombiana: ¿construir memoria, en el campo de una memoria imposible?
Authors: Vélez Villafañe Gerardo
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo se plantea a modo de reflexión teórica que aborda la memoria como una herramienta teórico-metodológica y categoría social de creciente importancia en el contexto nacional transicional, donde esta tiende a su imposibilidad anfibológica y adquiere un potencial limitado. Frente a esta tendencia, se realiza una aproximación analítica desde la dimensión problematizadora de los olvidos para generar una apertura crítica desnaturalizadora, a través de la cual se afirma la posibilidad de construcción de una propuesta de pedagogía social que pretende contribuir a la urdimbre de memoria histórica emblemática con carácter ejemplar. Forma parte de los avances de la investigación Pedagogía de la memoria y enseñanza de la historia reciente sobre la violencia política, de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional.
La Unión Patriótica. Expedientes contra el olvido
Authors: Merchán Díaz Jeritza
Published: November 2017

Roberto Romero Ospina (2011). Unión Patriótica: expedientes contra el olvido. Bogotá, Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá. Centro de Memoria Paz y Reconciliación, 2011
Cine y pedagogía: aristas de la relación
Authors: Rodríguez Humberto Alexis
Published: November 2017

En este artículo se analizan las relaciones entre cine, escuela y pedagogía desde la perspectiva de cinco momentos cinematográficos. Se ilustran con estas piezas una serie de interrogantes sobre la alteración de la mirada, que implica la mediación de la cámara cinematográfica (el caso de Blow-Up, de Antonioni); se plantean (con Pizarras y con La clase) algunas preguntas sobre la representación que el cine hace de la escuela y de los docentes y sus funciones; igualmente, se extiende (con Doce monos y, finalmente, desde The Matrix) la mirada a los horizontes de una educación abocada a enfrentar nuevas fuentes de imaginarios.
Sujeto y política: vínculos y modos de subjetivación
Authors: Martínez Pineda María Cristina , Cubides Jualiana
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo se fundamenta en las investigaciones coordinadas por las autoras y se orienta a desentrañar los vínculos entre sujeto y política con el interés de precisar acercamientos metodológicos que coadyuven, desde la investigación, a la constitución de subjetividades políticas contemporáneas. Para su desarrollo, el texto se estructura en tres apartados: palabras previas, acercamientos a la categoría de subjetividad política en procesos investigativos y pistas para su configuración.
Subjetividad política encorpada
Authors: Díaz Gómez Álvaro , Alvarado Salgado Sara Victoria
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo presenta parte de los resultados alcanzados en la tesis doctoral “Devenir subjetividad política: un punto de referencia sobre el sujeto político”, específicamente en la categoría cuerpo. Para ello, en un primer momento, se retoman las dimensiones teórica y metodológica del problema, y se presentan los resultados sobre el cuerpo que va siendo construido en los procesos de subjetivación de los jóvenes universitarios. En segundo lugar, se parte del reconocimiento de los espacios de configuración y exhibición del cuerpo, para luego avanzar en la reflexión hacia los modos de hablar sobre este y, pasar al debate de las intervenciones sobre el mismo. Por último, se presentan unos planteamientos sobre cuerpo político, además de las conclusiones del estudio.
Políticas educativas durante el frente nacional 1958-1974
Authors: Arvone Robert
Published: November 2017

El artículo es de lo mejor que existe en la literatura sobre el desarrollo y las políticas del sector educativo durante el periodo del Frente Nacional. Se trata, fundamentalmente, de un estudio descriptivo en donde las estadísticas son muy bien utilizadas para sustentar los argumentos. El propósito del autor es, ante todo, mostrar cuál era la situación del sistema educativo colombiano antes de la iniciación de la coalición política del Frente Nacional, ver cómo se presentó esa misma situación en el período de 1958 a 1974 y cuál era el estado del sistema educativo al terminar este período. Por consiguiente, el propósito del autor es más descriptivo que explicativo, sin perjuicios de que se adelanten hipótesis y explicaciones sobre la razón de ser de determinados programas o políticas, y de que se señalen algunas de las razones posibles que llevaron a los gobiernos del Frente Nacional a manejar el sistema educativo de la forma como lo hicieron.
Conceptos básicos de tecnología educativa
Authors: Delegación Peruana Delegación Peruana
Published: November 2017

Toda sociedad tiene agencias sociales a través de las cuales trasmite o transfiere a sus miembros los conocimientos, creencias, valores, patrones de comportamiento propios de la misma. Toda educación es una agencia social especifica que puede cumplir un rol adaptativo, conservador o un rol transformador e innovador. Para cumplir estos roles hace uso de un conjunto de medios técnicos o de una tecnología educativa determinada.
Educación y clase social en Colombia
Authors: Cataño Gonzalo
Published: November 2017

El estudio de las relaciones entre educación y clase social es fundamental para la comprensión de la dinámica del sistema educativo. Es común afirmar que los diferentes estratos de la sociedad poseen distintos grados de aspiraciones educativas y que las capacidades de aprovechamiento de la educación están estrechamente relacionadas con el origen social de los alumnos. En este mismo orden de ideas, es frecuente también sostener que la educación es uno de los mecanismos más importantes para promover la igualdad social. Se cree que la expansión de la educación trae como consecuencia directa una democratización de las oportunidades ocupacionales y un acrecentamiento de los procesos de movilidad social ascendente. De esta manera se identifica desigualdad social con desigualdad de chances educativos, en tal forma que estos últimos aparecen como los causantes de las diferencias de clase dentro de la sociedad.Aquí se sostendrá una idea bien distinta y es que la estructura de clases determina las diferencias de acceso a la educación, y la dinámica del sistema educativo en general.
Elaboración de una tabla de desarrollo infantil de 0-36 meses de edad
Authors: Grupo de Investigación Grupo de Investigación
Published: November 2017

El grupo de investigación preescolar, del Centro de Investigaciones de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, después de realizar una investigación sobre la situación de la educación preescolar pública en Bogotá, encontró que no existen programas destinados a favorecer el desarrollo psicomotor y social de los niños en la primera infancia. La atención se limita a los aspectos de alimentación, salud e higiene. Frente a esta realidad, el grupo se planteó la necesidad de elaborar un currículo para los niños de 0-3 años, destinado a fomentar el desarrollo psicomotor y social.
Bases sociales para la formación de maestros a distancia algunas hipótesis
Authors: Grupo de Investigación Grupo de Investigación
Published: November 2017

La legislación sobre formación de maestros que rige para las Facultades de Educación, las Normales y los Programas de Mejoramiento del Docente, no parecen haber tenido en cuenta este fenómeno. Las reformas realizadas se refieren más a la modernización del currículum que a su adaptación a las diferentes formas del desarrollo coexistentes en el país. Este fenómeno se debe a que la modernización introducida por las reformas educativas e implementadas a través del currículo se proponen básicamente compatibilizar el entrenamiento del docente con los avances y desarrollos de los sectores más dinámicos de la economía que es la que, en este momento histórico, crea el mercado de trabajo urbano industrial y la que genera demandas educativas más fuertes.
Economía, educación y emigración en el choco: informe de un funcionario del American Universities Field Staff
Authors: Sanders Thomas
Published: November 2017

El departamento del Chocó es una región periférica dentro de una sociedad que se desarrolla alrededor de centros dinámicos como Bogotá, Cali y Medellín. En sí mismo, tiene casi todas las características atribuidas a las naciones atrasadas: un alto porcentaje de su población se ocupa en agricultura de subsistencia, dependencia de la “exportación” de productos primarios, potencia y medios de transporte inadecuados, la casi evidente falta de industria, la inhospitalidad geográfica y condiciones climáticas, y la pobreza extrema que se refleja en la falta de ahorro interno y de inversión. Determinantes comunes del nivel de desarrollo —como el ingreso nacional percápita — oscurecen las diferencias entre regiones como el Chocó, donde el standard de vida se compara con los menos desarrollados del mundo, y de los centros industriales urbanos modernos, muchos de cuyos ciudadanos viven de acuerdo con un patrón europeo o americano.
Notas marginales sobre la educación preescolar en Colombia
Authors: Cerda G. Hugo
Published: November 2017

No decimos nada nuevo si afirmamos que en el diseño, planeamiento y realización de un proceso educativo tienen una importancia fundamental las bases y los puntos de sustentación teórica en donde se asienta este proceso. Estos presupuestos teóricos nos señalan el camino que se debe elegir en cada caso, las relaciones entre las distintas variables que influyen en el hecho educativo, los fenómenos, objetos y procesos relacionados con el hecho de aprender y enseñar, así como las relaciones empíricas que pueden establecerse entre ellos y los recursos e instrumentos con los cuales se ha de trabajar. Con ello estamos señalando los niveles de significación que poseen los modelos estructurales, los patrones generales y una filosofía que oficie de columna vertebral y que sirva de sustrato al proceso educativo. Pero la teoría no solo generaliza la experiencia práctica, sino que va mucho más lejos, descubre los nuevos vínculos, los aspectos del objeto y con ello contribuye a que la práctica lo domine con más éxito. —De ahí la importancia que tiene para la educación el contar con una base teórica que le sirva de apoyo y de fundamento—.
A propósito de la descentralización administrativa en educación
Authors: Romero Díaz Augusto
Published: November 2017

Los constantes y crecientes esfuerzos en educación realizados por los distintos Gobiernos particularmente en las últimas décadas, y los programas que están por cumplirse dirigidos a extender cuantitativa y cualitativamente los servicios, han puesto de relieve las deficiencias estructurales de la administración, de cuya solución depende, en gran parte, que se pueda obtener la extensión y calidad deseada de la educación a todos los niveles académicos.Durante las dos últimas décadas se han propuesto varias reformas a la estructura del Sector Educativo, tanto a nivel nacional como regional. El criterio adoptado ha sido el de crear condiciones para hacer efectivo el principio de “Centralización de la Política por Planeación Educativa y Descentralización de su Administración” Sin embargo, la administración de personal docente y la administración del financiamiento de la educación para todos los niveles del Sistema, principales factores de desorden operativo, siguen concentrados a cargo del Ministerio de Educación. Por otra parte, las Secretarías de Educación encargadas parcialmente de la educación en los departamentos depende de los Gobernadores quienes a su vez dependen del Presidente de la República siendo muy débil la relación entre el Ministerio de Educación y dichas Secretarías.
Estudio sobre la educación para el desarrollo rural
Authors: Grupo de Investigación Grupo de Investigación
Published: November 2017

Las condiciones de inferioridad en la educación rural colombiana se evidencian en una serie de factores tales como la cobertura del servicio ofrecido, calidad, condición socioeconómica de los maestros, materiales didácticos de apoyo, y aulas escolares. Estas situaciones se traducen en una baja eficiencia del sistema, según lo indican las altas tasas de deserción de la escuela rural, sin que la contribución de ese sistema al desarrollo económico social del país sea significativa. Las políticas educativas en el sector rural han sido insuficientes para aumentar la escolarización  y para producir mejoramientos reales de este servicio en el campo colombiano.
Evaluación de los planteles cooperativos
Authors: Grupo de Investigación Grupo de Investigación
Published: November 2017

Por definición, los planteles cooperativos son entidades educativas sin ánimo de lucro, en las cuales participan activamente los padres de familia y otras personas interesadas en obtener servicios educativos, bajo la forma legal de cooperativas especializadas de Educación con la orientación técnica y apoyo del Ministerio de Educación, Superintendencia Nacional de Cooperativas y algunas agencias gubernamentales y privadas.