bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of the genus Typhloiulus Latzel, 1884 in the Dinaric region, with a description of four new species and the first description of the male of Typhloiulus insularis Strasser, 1938 (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae)
Authors: ANTIĆ DRAGAN Ž. , DRAŽINA TVRTKO , RAĐA TONĆI , LUČIĆ LUKA R. , MAKAROV SLOBODAN E.
Published: August 2018

A review of the genus Typhloiulus Latzel, 1884 (Julida: Julidae) in the Dinaric region is given. Previously published and new faunistic records are provided for each species, together with notes for some of them. Four new species are described: T. clavatus sp. nov., T. gracilis sp. nov., T. opisthonodus sp. nov., and T. parvulus sp. nov., all from caves in Dalmatia and Herzegovina. In addition, we provide the first description of the male of T. insularis Strasser, 1938. Some taxonomic relationships among Typhloiulus species and biogeographical aspects (with distribution maps) of the genus are discussed.
A new species of Pygoluciola Wittmer with unusual abdominal configuration, from lowland dipterocarp forest in Peninsular Malaysia (Coleoptera: Lampyridae: Luciolinae)
Authors: NADA B. , BALLANTYNE L. A.
Published: August 2018

A new species of firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) Pygoluciola dunguna Nada sp. nov. is described from males and reliably associated females, collected mainly from lowland dipterocarp forests of Peninsular Malaysia at elevations below 300 m a.s.l. This species is found to be terrestrial, flying at low heights between 10−15 m above ground in between the herbaceous plants. Males are intermediate between the two types of Pygoluciola Wittmer known until now. A list of species, and a key to males and known females of Pygoluciola is given. The female bursa has paired elongate hook like bursa plates.
Taxonomy of Oceanapia Norman, 1869 (Demospongiae: Haplosclerida: Phloeodictyidae) from the Brazilian coast
Authors: NETO CARLOS SANTOS , NASCIMENTO ELIELTON , CAVALCANTI THAYNÃ , PINHEIRO ULISSES
Published: August 2018

The genus Oceanapia Norman, 1869 comprises 95 species worldwide, 20 from the Atlantic Ocean and seven from Brazil. Oceanapia includes sponges with hollow body and numerous fistulae; spicules are oxeas or strongyles and microscleres, if present, are sigmas or toxas. Specimens were collected by trawl at Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco and Pará States, Brazil. Two new species are described from the Northeast Region of Brazil: Oceanapia cordia sp. nov. and Oceanapia magna sp. nov. For two preoccupied combinations, new names are proposed, Oceanapia hechteli nom. nov. and Oceanapia topsenti nom. nov. Oceanapia stalagmitica (Wiedenmayer, 1977) is recorded and described for the first time from Brazil. A taxonomic study of seven specimens of Oceanapia from the North and Northeast region (Brazil) is given, including description, illustrations and geographical distribution. The two new species are compared with all other descriptions of Oceanapia from the Atlantic Ocean.
Void reduction in VARTM composites by compaction of dry fiber preforms with stationary and moving magnets
Authors: Amirkhosravi Mehrad , Pishvar Maya , Altan M Cengiz
Published: August 2018

Voids are the most common process-induced defects in composite laminates fabricated by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Reduction or total elimination of these defects is essential for the improved performance and long-term durability of the structural composites. This study introduces a novel method that reduces the void content in VARTM laminates to below 1% by compacting the fibrous mat before infusion. The compaction is achieved by applying magnetic pressure on the vacuum bag by either stationary or moving magnets which are removed before the resin infusion. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, 6-, 12-, and 18-ply random mat glass/epoxy laminates are fabricated by VARTM using compacted and uncompacted mats and their properties are compared. In addition, different sets of magnets are used to investigate the effect of compaction levels on the resin flow and the quality of the final part. The placement of stationary magnets on the entire vacuum bag surface is practical for fabrication of small parts. For medium to large parts, however, magnets with a smaller footprint can be moved to apply the compaction pressure over a larger vacuum bag surface. The results show that by applying compaction pressure of 0.2 MPa or higher either by stationary or moving magnets on the dry preforms, the void volume fraction was decreased by 65%–95% to 0.1%–0.8% in all laminates.
Experimental investigation on fabrication and thermal-stamping of woven jute/polylactic acid biocomposites
Authors: Du Siqi , Peng Xiongqi , Gu Hailin
Published: August 2018

Jute woven fabrics in as-received and alkali-treated conditions were respectively combined with polylactic acid resin to fabricate completely biodegradable composites by compression molding in one step. Scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry and tensile tests were conducted to estimate the surface morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of jute fabrics and the composites manufactured. The formability of the composites was evaluated by a thermal-stamping experiment. The results demonstrate that alkali treatment removes the surface impurities of fabrics and refine the fiber structures, lifting the thermal property of composites. As for the mechanical properties, the strength of the fabrics and composites declines while the modulus increases after alkali treatment of fabrics. Although some defects occur, the thermal-stamping experiments confirm the possibility of shaping jute/polylactic acid composite into complicated geometries. And the formability of the composites is influenced by many factors including sample sizes, the holding time of temperature, layup sequence, and so on while the number of layer makes no obvious difference to it.
Politics of Pursuing Justice in the Aftermath of Civil Conflict
Authors: Kim Nam Kyu , Hong Mi Hwa
Published: August 2018

Why do some states pursue transitional justice (TJ) in the immediate aftermath of armed conflict while others do not? What drives a state to select a particular type of justice mechanism over another? Building on the political explanations of TJ, we argue that postconflict justice (PCJ) decisions are driven by the interests and power of political elites shaped by recently ended conflicts. Our empirical analysis shows that conflict outcomes and their subsequent impact on the balance of power between the government and rebel groups are the most important determinants of PCJ decisions. Domestic trials are most likely to emerge out of a decisive, one-sided victory while truth commissions and reparations are most likely to occur after a negotiated settlement. We also find that conflict severity interacts with conflict outcomes to affect PCJ decisions.
Hybrid and Alternating Identity Styles as Strategies for Managing Multicultural Identities
Authors: Ward Colleen , Ng Tseung-Wong Caroline , Szabo Agnes , Qumseya Tamara , Bhowon Uma
Published: August 2018

The article introduces the concept of cultural identity styles, strategies that individuals use for decision making about identity-relevant issues, and proposes that blending and alternating are two strategies that acculturating individuals activate to manage multiple cultural identities. Drawing on diverse samples from New Zealand, Mauritius, and Israel, we present two studies. The first describes the construction of the Multicultural Identity Styles Scale (MISS) and the validation of its Hybrid Identity Style (HIS) and Alternating Identity Style (AIS) subscales. HIS was associated with greater blendedness as assessed by the Bicultural Identity Integration Scale (BIIS-1) and was more prominent in second-generation immigrants compared with their first-generation peers. AIS was associated with less BIIS harmony and was stronger in first-generation immigrants. In the second study, we propose, test, and replicate a mediational model, whereby cultural identity outcomes mediate the impact of cultural identity styles on well-being. Path analysis demonstrated that the motivation to integrate predicted the use of both HIS and AIS; however, HIS led to greater cultural identity consolidation and on to higher levels of well-being. In contrast, AIS predicted greater cultural identity conflict and poorer psychological adaptation. The studies advance our theorizing on biculturalism and integration by adopting a process-oriented approach to cultural identity negotiation.
English Consonant Identification in Multi-Talker Babble: Effects of Chinese-Native Listeners’ English Experience
Authors: Tao Sha , Chen Yingyue , Wang Wenjing , Dong Qi , Jin Su-Hyun , Liu Chang
Published: August 2018

The identification of English consonants in quiet and multi-talker babble was examined for three groups of young adult listeners: Chinese in China, Chinese in the USA (CNU), and English-native listeners. As expected, native listeners outperformed non-native listeners. The two non-native groups had similar performance in quiet, whereas CNU listeners performed significantly better than Chinese in China listeners in babble. It is concluded that CNU listeners may benefit from English experience, for example, better use of temporal variation in noise and better capacity against informational masking, to perceive English consonants better in babble. Possible explanations regarding the differential noise effect on the three groups are discussed.
Differential organic DNA extraction of semen sample contaminated with blood for the identification of a serial sexual offender: A case report
Authors: Puri Pooja , Kumar Naresh , Sharma Dhruv , Shukla SK
Published: August 2018

In many cases of sexual assault, traces of semen are left behind on the victim’s body, clothes and the area in which the assault has taken place. The positive identification of semen is instrumental in supporting such cases. There are several methods of forensic examination of semen reported in literature, but the presence of blood complicates the identification of semen stains. This paper presents one such case study where the presence of blood makes DNA profiling more challenging as the PCR amplification becomes complicated, and the absolute differential isolation is the only way to get the clear profile using identifiler kits.
Does Undercoverage on the U.S. Address-based Sampling Frame Translate to Coverage Bias?
Authors: Amaya Ashley , Zimmer Stephanie , Morton Katherine , Harter Rachel
Published: August 2018

Address-based sampling (ABS) refers to the use a list of addresses derived from the U.S. Postal Service’s Computerized Delivery Sequence File as a sampling frame. While most residential addresses are included on an ABS frame, it still suffers from undercoverage. Undercoverage is problematic only if the uncovered units have different attributes than covered units. In this article, we assess the risk of observing coverage bias on a variety of univariate point estimates in an in-person survey. We accomplish this task using a combination of survey data and Monte Carlo simulation models to vary the coverage rate and the target geography. For some variables, we found low risk of observing coverage bias. But, for others, the risk of observing bias was high for nearly all levels of coverage. Finally, we did not observe any trends by variable type that would give us the ability to predict a priori which variables may suffer bias.
Rethinking Industrial Relations, or at least the British radical frame
Authors: Kaufman Bruce E
Published: August 2018

This article provides a short overview of the analysis in John Kelly’s 1998 book Rethinking Industrial Relations ( RIR) of long-run cycles and trends in worker collective mobilization and conflict, Kelly’s development of a model to explain these patterns, the model’s integrative combination of ideas drawn from Kondratiev long wave theory, Marxian political economy, and Tilly’s sociological model of social mobilization theory, and the book’s central prediction – a resurgence in union growth and industrial conflict. The second part of the article provides a critical evaluation of RIR as a general work in industrial relations theory, the strengths and weaknesses of Kelly’s theoretical model, and an assessment of its empirical explanatory power. The conclusion is that RIR provides an insightful conceptual framework for studying worker mobilization but falls short in both theory and empirical explanation because of defects in its Marxian/long wave foundation and overly British-centric focus.
Rethinking Industrial Relations: Appraisal, application and augmentation
Authors: Gall Gregor , Holgate Jane
Published: August 2018

This extended introduction to the special issue on John Kelly’s Rethinking Industrial Relations comprises three sections. First, reflections on the changes in employment relations and the way employment relations have been studied since Rethinking Industrial Relations was published in 1998. Second, a critical reading of the initial reviews and reception to Rethinking Industrial Relations. And, third, a commentary on the articles in this special issue in terms of the significance of their contributions and their inter-linkages. The introduction ends by suggesting a revised and updated edition of Rethinking Industrial Relations would make a further very welcome and substantial contribution to the understanding of contemporary employment relations.
Adolescents’ Expectations About the Timing of Family Life Events: Unraveling the Role of Value Transmission and Modeling
Authors: Keijer Micha G. , Liefbroer Aart C. , Nagel Ineke
Published: August 2018

Intergenerational continuity in family behaviors partly results from socialization processes in the parental home. However, socialization is a multidimensional process. This article tests hypotheses about the relative importance of value transmission and modeling in explaining expectations of adolescence concerning the timing of leaving home, and entry into cohabitation, marriage, and parenthood. Structural equation modeling on multiactor data from over 1,000 parent–adolescent child couples in the Netherlands is used to test hypotheses. Results suggest that, in general, both value transmission and modeling are important predictors of adolescents’ expectations concerning the timing of major family events. Moreover, no differences between mothers and fathers and between boys and girls are observed in the strength of the intergenerational relationships studied.
Retroperitoneal malignant schwannoma in a child
Authors: Wang Jun , Yu Mingming , Zhu Haobo , Huang Liqu , Zhu Xiaojiang , Chen Chenjun , Shi Yaqi , Ma Geng , Guo Yunfei , Yu Zhongqin
Published: August 2018

Retroperitoneal malignant schwannomas are extremely rare. Only a few cases have been reported, only one of which occurred in a child. We herein report a case of retroperitoneal malignant schwannoma in a 2-year-old boy who presented with a painless mass in the right lumbar region. The mass had gradually enlarged during a 1-year period, and it was about the size of the patient’s fist at the time of consultation. Whole-abdomen computed tomography revealed a space-occupying lesion in the retroperitoneum infiltrating from the L1 to L4 spinal canal. A preoperative diagnosis of a retroperitoneal tumor was made, and complete tumorectomy was performed. Postoperative pathological examination showed a malignant schwannoma. The tumor recurred 1 month after the first operation, and a second complete excision was carried out; the postoperative pathologic examination findings were similar to the previous findings. The patient recovered well and continued to undergo close follow-up.
Exploring the Impact of an AVRS Curfew Program on Recidivism of Juvenile Probationers in Korea
Authors: Cho Younoh , Mellow Jeff
Published: August 2018

Community corrections agencies across the world have adopted biometric technologies as a security tool and cost-effective monitoring strategy. This study investigates the effectiveness of the automated voiceprint recognition supervision (AVRS) curfew program for 386 Korean juvenile probationers from the Seoul Probation Office. Although the AVRS curfew program in Korea has been in effect for more than 14 years, effectiveness of the program has not been fully tested. A propensity score analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the AVRS program, controlling for potential covariates of referring juveniles to the program. Contrary to expectations, a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the innovative curfew program is a statistically significant factor in increasing the odds of recidivism. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for court-ordered juvenile curfew programs.
dSPACE implementation for a proportional–integral-based root mean square voltage controller used in stand-alone wind energy conversion systems
Authors: El Akhrif Rachid , Abbou Ahmed , Laoufi Chaymae , Ferfra Mohamed
Published: August 2018

The induction machine and the synchronous machine are very promising in renewable energy production for uses in wind turbines to produce energy in remote areas, and we note that self-excited induction generator is more adapted due to difficult geographical conditions and best cost; on the other hand, permanent magnet synchronous generator works without any excitation system; all of these have a major problem in use which is the stability of voltage. To solve this problem, we propose in this article the examination of a control plot for keeping the produced root mean square voltage steady. This article presents an experimental comparative study of performances in terms of root mean square voltage on two possible small wind turbine systems. One of the systems is based on permanent magnet synchronous generator and the other is based on self-excited induction generator. Taking into account the parameters of load and wind speed, experimental test benches for both systems are implemented using the dSPACE card for controlling the pulse width modulation inverter to impose the Vrms value of the desired output voltage.
A person-centered, latent profile analysis of psychological capital
Authors: Bouckenooghe Dave , De Clercq Dirk , Raja Usman
Published: August 2018

This inquiry seeks to clarify whether and how various combinations of the four core components of psychological capital (PsyCap)—self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience—differentially affect workplace outcomes. To gain such in-depth understanding, this study undertakes a person-centered, latent profile analysis of PsyCap. Several distinct PsyCap component profiles emerge and remain consistent across two studies; these profiles in turn exert significantly different effects on work engagement and job performance. Compared with a more commonly used variable-centered approach, this person-centered approach represents a valuable complement that can expand the understanding and implications of PsyCap.

JEL classification: M10, M19
Comparative Outcomes of Radial and Bucket-Handle Meniscal Tear Repair: A Propensity-Matched Analysis
Authors: Wu Isabella T. , Hevesi Mario , Desai Vishal S. , Camp Christopher L. , Dahm Diane L. , Levy Bruce A. , Stuart Michael J. , Krych Aaron J.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Full-thickness radial meniscal tears render the meniscus nonfunctional and have historically been treated with partial meniscectomy. As preservative techniques evolve for radial repair, comparisons with other tear patterns are necessary to evaluate repair efficacy and prognosis.

Purpose:

To assess clinical outcomes and reoperation rates of radial meniscal repair and to compare them to bucket-handle meniscal repair.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Radial and bucket-handle meniscal tears without concurrent root injuries undergoing surgical repair at a single institution between 2007 and 2015 were analyzed, including both all-inside and inside-out suturing techniques. Propensity matching was performed on the basis of age at surgery, sex, meniscus laterality, body mass index (BMI), and concomitant anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using a comparison pool of 70 bucket-handle repairs. Reoperation-free survival rates and Tegner, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were analyzed.

Results:

Twenty-four patients (18 male, 6 female; mean age, 22.8 ± 11.9 years) who underwent repair of a radial meniscal tear were followed for a mean of 3.5 years (range, 2.0-6.3 years). Significant postoperative improvements in VAS scores at rest and with use and IKDC scores were noted postoperatively ( P < .001). Five patients (20.8%) required a reoperation. Subsequently, 18 patients with radial tears (mean age, 19.1 ± 9.1 years; 12 male; mean BMI, 27.0 ± 6.2 kg/m2; 3 medial; 11 ACLR) were propensity matched to 18 patients with bucket-handle tears (mean age, 20.8 ± 5.1 years; 13 male; mean BMI, 25.0 ± 3.5 kg/m2; 3 medial; 11 ACLR). The matched radial and bucket-handle groups demonstrated similar ( P = .17) reoperation-free survival rates at 2 years (88.9% and 94.4%, respectively) and 5 years (77.8% and 87.7%, respectively). VAS and IKDC scores improved significantly after surgery ( P < .001), with no difference noted between the groups ( P ≥ .17). Patients with radial and bucket-handle meniscal repairs achieved mean postoperative Tegner scores (6.6 and 6.6, respectively) not significantly different from their preinjury levels (6.9 and 6.7, respectively) ( P ≥ .32).

Conclusion:

Satisfactory clinical outcomes are achievable for radial meniscal tear repair at short-term follow-up. In a robustly matched comparison, radial and bucket-handle meniscal tears demonstrate similar improvements in VAS and IKDC scores, restoration of preoperative Tegner scores, and acceptable reoperation rates. Full-thickness radial meniscal tears should be considered for repair.
Are We Permitting Pediatric Athletes With Sports-Related Concussion to Return to Play Too Soon After Concussion?
Authors: McAbee Gary N.
Published: August 2018

Current guidelines permitting return to play for athletes who have sustained a concussion rely on resolution of cognitive and physical symptoms. Evolving evidence suggest that vascular, radiologic and cerebral metabolic abnormalities persist in some athletes beyond the period of clinical recovery. This commentary addresses these issues and raises a question as to whether physicians are permitting pediatric athletes with concussion to return to play too soon after concussion.
From Exposure to Family Violence During Childhood to Depression in Adulthood: A Path Analysis on the Mediating Effects of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Chan Ko Ling , Lo Ruby , Ip Patrick
Published: August 2018

Literature shows a link between adverse childhood experiences and subsequent depression, but there is a lack of concrete evidence on whether victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) in adulthood plays significant roles in that link. This study aimed to test the mediating effect of adulthood IPV victimization in the associations between exposure to family violence in childhood and adulthood depression. Exposure to family violence in childhood was operationalized as one’s experiences of child abuse and witnessing parental IPV in childhood. This study also tested the effects of other violence-related factors from the Personal and Relationships Profile, including one’s antisocial personality, borderline personality, dominance, posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, and violence approval, on the associations. A path analysis was conducted a cross-sectional survey study sample recruited between 2009 and 2010. The sample was 8,807 adults selected with a multistage stratified sampling procedure from six cities in China (43.4% male; M age = 40.61 years, SD = 8.93). The main outcome was participants’ depressive symptoms during the past 2 weeks. As predicted, the path model suggests that IPV victimization significantly mediated the associations between exposure to family violence in childhood and adulthood depression. Violence approval and PTS symptoms, but not the other violence-related factors, significantly mediated the above associations. Findings warrant the need to identify individuals with exposure to family violence in early stages, and to provide them with suitable intervention programs to prevent subsequent IPV as well as to minimize the negative impacts of the exposure to family violence in childhood.
“A Person I Cared About Was Involved”: Exploring Bystander Motivation to Help in Incidents of Potential Sexual Assault and Dating Violence
Authors: Casper Deborah M. , Witte Tricia , Stanfield Matthew H.
Published: August 2018

The purpose of the present study was to examine what motivates college students to put themselves in harm’s way and help their peers in risky situations involving sexual assault and dating violence. College students reported on the frequency of witnessing a wide range of potentially dangerous incidents, whether or not they intervened, why they chose to intervene, what their relationship was to the victim, and reactions to their intervention. A sample of 182 (59.5% female) college students ( Mage = 19.3 years) participated. We coded and analyzed narrative responses to the question regarding what influenced their decision to get involved. For female students, relationship to the victim, and, for males, the severity of the situation, were key motivational factors for bystander involvement. Some students reported positive feelings while others reported negative feelings directly related to their involvement. Tapping into the motivations underlying college students’ helping behavior will be particularly informative for those designing and implementing bystander intervention programs on college campuses. A better understanding of bystander behavior will not only improve bystander intervention programs but it will also put students in the best position to make informed and responsible choices when faced with a difficult situation.
Linking Abusive Supervision to Psychological Distress and Turnover Intentions Among Police Personnel: The Moderating Role of Continuance Commitment
Authors: Saleem Sharjeel , Yusaf Saquib , Sarwar Noreen , Raziq Muhammad Mustafa , Malik Omer Farooq
Published: August 2018

In this study, we examine the linkages between abusive supervision, psychological distress, and turnover intentions. In addition, we aim to investigate whether continuance commitment moderates the effects of abusive supervision and psychological distress on turnover intentions. The sample of the study comprised 250 police personnel from one of the largest cities of Pakistan. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and hypotheses were tested with linear regressions using the PROCESS macro. We found that abusive supervision positively predicts psychological distress that, in turn, positively predicts turnover intentions. Furthermore, continuance commitment attenuates the impacts of abusive supervision and psychological distress on turnover intentions. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that sustained exposure to abusive supervision affects subordinates’ turnover intentions directly as well as indirectly through psychological distress, and that the positive impacts of abusive supervision and associated psychological distress on turnover intentions are weaker among individuals who are high in continuance commitment compared with those who are low. A number of practical implications are also discussed.
How Do Adolescents Get Their E-Cigarettes and Other Electronic Vaping Devices?
Authors: Pepper Jessica K. , Coats Ellen M. , Nonnemaker James M. , Loomis Brett R.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

More adolescents “vape” (use e-cigarettes and similar devices) than smoke, but little is known about how underage users obtain vaping devices. This knowledge could inform efforts to prevent youth access.

Design:

Original cross-sectional survey with social media recruitment.

Settings:

Online.

Participants:

A total of 1729 adolescents (2809 qualified on screener; completion rate 61.6%) aged 15 to 17 years who vaped in the past 30 days.

Measures:

Adolescents’ vaping attitudes, ownership of vaping devices, how they obtain devices, and frequency of borrowing others’ devices.

Analysis:

Logistic regression.

Results:

Most adolescents (78.2%) owned a vaping device. The most common sources were purchasing from a store or online (31.1%), buying from another person (16.3%), or giving someone money to purchase for them (15.0%). The majority (72.8%) had used someone else’s vaping device in the past 30 days. Adolescents who vaped more often, did not own a vaping device, vaped in social situations, and had previously been refused purchase were more likely to frequently borrow others’ devices.

Conclusions:

Despite high rates of ownership, many adolescents borrowed devices, suggesting that borrowing is part of users’ social experience, not just a means of acquisition. Although better enforcement of age restrictions could lessen purchasing, future research is needed to understand why adolescents borrow and how their acquisition sources shift over time. That information could be harnessed for targeted, borrowing-related antivaping campaigns.
Condom Availability Programs in Schools: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Andrzejewski Jack , Liddon Nicole , Leonard Sandra
Published: August 2018

Objective:

This review synthesizes findings from the peer-reviewed evaluation literature on condom availability programs (CAPs) in secondary schools.

Data Source:

Peer-reviewed evaluation literature indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, ERIC, CINAHL, Sociological Abstracts, SCOPUS, and POPLINE.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

Manuscripts had to be, written in English, and report evaluation data from a US school-based CAP.

Data Extraction:

Articles were coded independently by 2 authors. Discrepancies were resolved through open discussion.

Data Synthesis:

We grouped findings into outcome evaluation and process evaluation findings. Outcome evaluation findings included sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pregnancy rates, condom use, contraception use, sexual risk, and substance use. Process evaluation findings included awareness of CAPs, attitudes toward CAPs, attitudes toward condoms, and receipt of education and instruction.

Results:

Of the 138 citations reviewed, 12 articles published between 1995 and 2012 met the inclusion criteria, representing 8 programs. Evaluations indicate CAPs yield condom acquisition rates between 23% and 48%, have mixed results related to condom use, and are not associated with increases in sexual and other risk behaviors. One program found CAPs were associated with a decrease in a combined rate of chlamydia and gonorrhea. One program found no association between CAPs and unintended pregnancy. Students’ attitudes toward CAPs were favorable and awareness was high.

Conclusions:

Condom availability programs are accepted by students and can be an appropriate and relevant school-based intervention for teens. Condom availability programs can increase condom use, but more evaluations are needed on CAP impact on rates of HIV, STIs, and unintended pregnancy.
Does the knowledge economy advance the green economy? An evaluation of green jobs in the 100 largest metropolitan regions in the United States
Authors: Lee Taedong , van der Heijden Jeroen
Published: August 2018

Institutions of higher education are significant economic engines and innovative places in local economies: they directly employ large numbers of people, often with well-paying jobs; they are magnets for businesses that service the student population; they educate and often assist students in securing first jobs; and they partner with local organizations and businesses to provide students with hands-on experiences while “giving-back” to the community. In this article, we examine the impact that institutions of higher education have as an engine of growth for the green economy and, specifically, assess their impact on the development of green jobs. Green jobs have been touted as an important strategy to simultaneously address both the economic downturn and environmental degradation. This article empirically assesses the impact that the knowledge economy has on the presence of green jobs in the 100 largest metropolitan regions in the United States. Our findings suggest that enhanced higher education and sustainability-oriented departments and centers have a positive impact on green job development in urban regions.
Measuring willingness to pay for electricity: The case of New Brunswick in Atlantic Canada
Authors: Yevdokimov Yuri , Getalo Viktor , Shukla Dhirendra , Sahin Tugcan
Published: August 2018

Recently, electricity markets around the world have been going through transformation process that eventually leads to a higher competition among electricity providers. In this regard, the role of consumer preferences increases, especially if new electricity products are offered. Traditionally, consumer preferences have been expressed in terms of customers’ willingness to pay. Therefore, the goal of this study is to provide a practical framework for estimation of customers’ willingness to pay for electricity. Specifically, dynamics of regional residential willingness to pay for electricity in the province of New Brunswick in Atlantic Canada is analyzed. First, theoretical framework to evaluate consumer preferences is developed followed by empirical approach to define willingness to pay over period of 1991–2013 on the basis of revealed preferences method. Finally, dynamics of the residential willingness to pay for electricity is analyzed with the help of advanced time series analysis. Our study shows that residential willingness to pay for electricity in the province of New Brunswick had been increasing over study period. Moreover, it has accelerated significantly since 2005. The designed methodology and empirical work will help electricity providers identify new electricity products with the highest willingness to pay by consumers. Overall, implementation of the results of this study can improve economic efficiency of provincial electricity market.
Abrupt climate change at ~2800 yr BP evidenced by a stalagmite record from peninsular India
Authors: Sinha Nitesh , Gandhi Naveen , Chakraborty S , Krishnan R , Yadava MG , Ramesh R
Published: August 2018

This study presents an analysis of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall variations for a 1460-year period (1720–3180, Before Present BP: 1950 AD), based on a long record of stable isotopic variations (δ18O) with high temporal resolution (~annual) obtained from a U-Th dated stalagmite from the Kadapa cave in peninsular India. This stalagmite proxy record captures variations associated with wet and dry monsoons on decadal to centennial time-scales, together with a general declining trend in the ISM during the 1460-year period. It is noted that the declining trend of the ISM follows the northern hemispheric summer insolation, which is known to influence the location and strength of the Inter tropical convergence zone (ICTZ). The stalagmite record also indicates an abrupt climate change, characterized by the decline of ISM around 2800 yr BP, as manifested in the enrichment of 18O values. Furthermore, the enriched 18O values around 2800 yr BP are corroborated by changes in the stalagmite growth rate, its trace elemental ratios (Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and U/Ca) and crystallographic structure. In addition, the decline of ISM around 2800 yr BP coincides with a sudden rise in the atmospheric Δ14C, indicative of reduced solar activity. This period around 2800 yr BP is widely reported as the cold European climate associated with ice debris events in the North Atlantic (also known as the Iron Age Cold Epoch), which were reportedly forced by low solar activity. Syntheses of other available stalagmite records from the Indian region, during the common time-frame, show coherent variations with the Kadapa stalagmite and also the Dongge cave stalagmite (southern China), pointing to synchronous variations of the Indian and the East Asian monsoon systems.
Molluscan benthic communities at Brijuni Islands (northern Adriatic Sea) shaped by Holocene sea-level rise and recent human eutrophication and pollution
Authors: Schnedl Sara-Maria , Haselmair Alexandra , Gallmetzer Ivo , Mautner Anna-Katharina , Tomašových Adam , Zuschin Martin
Published: August 2018

The effects of and the interplay between natural and anthropogenic influences on the composition of benthic communities over long time spans are poorly understood. Based on a 160-cm-long sediment core collected at 44 m water depth in the NE Adriatic Sea (Brijuni Islands, Croatia), we document changes in molluscan communities since the Holocene transgression ~11,000 years ago and assess how they were shaped by environmental changes. We find that (1) a transgressive lag deposit with a mixture of terrestrial and marine species contains abundant seagrass-associated gastropods and epifaunal suspension-feeding bivalves, (2) the maximum-flooding phase captures the establishment of epifaunal bivalve-dominated biostromes in the photic zone, and (3) the highstand phase is characterized by increasing infaunal suspension feeders and declining seagrass-dwellers in bryozoan-molluscan muddy sands. Changes in the community composition between the transgressive and the highstand phase can be explained by rising sea level, reduced light penetration, and increase in turbidity, as documented by the gradual up-core shift from coarse molluscan skeletal gravel with seagrass-associated molluscs to bryozoan sandy muds. In the uppermost 20 cm (median age <200 years), however, epifaunal and grazing species decline and deposit-feeding and chemosymbiotic species increase in abundance. These changes concur with rising concentrations of nitrogen and organic pollutants due to the impact of eutrophication, pollution, and trawling in the 20th century. The late highstand benthic assemblages with abundant bryozoans, high molluscan diversity, and abundance of soft-bottom epi- and infaunal filter feeders and herbivores represent the circalittoral baseline community largely unaffected by anthropogenic impacts.
Healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with long-term corticosteroid exposure in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kabadi S , Yeaw J , Bacani A K , Tafesse E , Bos K , Karkare S , DeKoven M , Vina E R
Published: August 2018

Objective

To evaluate the association between exposure to oral corticosteroids and future healthcare resource utilization and costs for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods

Adults diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (index date) between 1 January 2008 and 30 June 2013 and naive to oral corticosteroids with continuous health plan enrollment for ≥6 months pre- and ≥5 years post-index were identified from a large health plan claims database. Per-patient monthly average daily dose of oral corticosteroids (prednisone or its equivalent) was calculated for the first 2 years post-index to categorize patients into four steroid exposure cohorts: low (≤5 mg/day), medium (6–20 mg/day), high (>20 mg/day) and no steroids. Differences in healthcare resource utilization and total healthcare costs during the third year post-index across corticosteroid exposure cohorts were modeled with adjustment for baseline characteristics.

Results

The study included 18,618 systemic lupus erythematosus patients (163 high dose, 1127 medium dose, 6717 low dose and 10,611 no steroids). Compared to low-dose corticosteroid users, high-dose corticosteroid users were more likely to have emergency room visits (39.3% vs. 29.7%; p = 0.0085) and to be hospitalized (21.5% vs. 12.3%; p = 0.0005). After adjustment for baseline characteristics, they also had significantly greater average annual total healthcare costs (US$60,366 vs. US$18,777; p < 0.0001). A 1 mg increase in corticosteroid average daily dose was associated with 1.07 times the average annual costs after adjusting for baseline characteristics ( p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Long-term high-dose oral corticosteroid use was associated with significantly greater future healthcare resource utilization and costs. Judicious reduction in daily steroid dose may decrease the imminent economic burden associated with high-dose steroid use in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Exhuming the good that men do: The play of the mnemonic imagination in the making of an autoethnographic text
Authors: Goode Jackie
Published: August 2018

This paper, which is an autoethnographic text in its own right, examines class, gender and education through highlighting the processes at work and the resources drawn upon in the making of autoethnographic texts. At its centre is a poem about my father, which acts as an illustration of how such artefacts exert agency across time, through the play of what Keighley and Pickering refer to as ‘the mnemonic imagination’, enabling a re-interpretation of the past in the present and on into the future. Using the work of feminist scholars Steedman and Walkerdine, the paper offers an insight into the way cultural analyses and ‘affective histories’ make sense of the fortunes of a ‘Scholarship Girl’. At the same time, in exhuming an instance of the good that men do in the form of a crucial intervention in my life by my father, it pays homage to what the poet Robert Hayden called the performance of ‘love’s austere and lonely offices’ plus.
The Invisible Harm of Downplaying a Romantic Partner’s Aggression
Authors: Arriaga Ximena B. , Capezza Nicole M. , Goodfriend Wind , Allsop Katherine E.
Published: August 2018

Nonphysical forms of partner aggression are common and more harmful than is widely recognized. Such aggression does not leave physical marks but nonetheless predicts invisible harm, including unhappiness and psychological distress. Most individuals do not end their relationship the moment a partner becomes aggressive. Instead they may deny, minimize, or justify the aggression, particularly when they are strongly committed to their relationship. Perceptions that downplay a partner’s aggression may protect and prolong a relationship, putting individuals at risk for greater harm. This article presents a model of the causes and consequences of downplaying partner aggression and describes the relevance of commitment for understanding aggression-related perceptions and interventions.
Assessment of Psychosocial Risk in Families of Children With Craniofacial Conditions Using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool—Craniofacial Version
Authors: Kapa Hillary M. , Litteral Jennifer L. , Pearson Gregory D. , Eastman Katherine , Kirschner Richard E. , Crerand Canice E.
Published: August 2018

Objectives:

Using the Psychosocial Assessment Tool—Craniofacial Version (PAT-CV), this study measured variation in psychosocial risk in families of children with craniofacial conditions by demographic and clinical characteristics, frequency of condition-related problems, concordance between caregivers’ report of risk, and association between risk level and psychosocial service utilization.

Design:

Caregivers (n = 242) of 217 children with craniofacial conditions completed the PAT-CV, a psychosocial risk screener. Medical records were also abstracted.

Results:

The PAT-CV scores varied significantly by insurance type and syndromic versus nonsyndromic diagnosis type. Language problems were most commonly reported on the Craniofacial Problems subscale, though 13% to 56% of parents endorsed specific problems. Mothers and fathers reported similar risk levels. Families with past social work or behavioral health consults had higher PAT-CV scores than those without consultations.

Conclusion:

The PAT-CV efficiently screens for psychosocial risk and craniofacial-specific problems. This tool may help clinicians identify families in need of intervention.
PCE Use in the Workplace: The Open Secret of Performance Enhancement
Authors: Leon Matthew R. , Harms Peter D. , Gilmer Declan O.
Published: August 2018

Increasing evidence suggests employees are turning to the nonprescribed use of stimulants to supplement their performance. We sit in a unique position regarding stimulants in the workforce. They are easily available, there is little stigma attached to use, and there is little information regarding the long-term safety effects of use. With that in mind, almost no formal research has been executed in the realm of organizational behavior. The purpose of this JMI ( Journal of Management Inquiry) Generative Curiosity article is to introduce readers to this literature and identify what we believe are the most important avenues of inquiry for management scholars.
Effect of a School-Based Activity Tracker, Companion Social Website, and Text Messaging Intervention on Exercise, Fitness, and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy of Middle School Students
Authors: Pittman Alison F.
Published: August 2018

This study examined the effect of a 10-week activity tracker, companion social website, and text messaging intervention on body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, physical fitness, and physical activity (PA) self-efficacy of children. Children ( n = 98) were assigned to one of three groups: activity tracker group, text messaging group, and activity tracker + text messaging group. Pre-/posttest fitness, BMI, PA self-efficacy, and body fat percentage were measured. The activity tracker group had a significant increase in fitness, no significant difference in PA self-efficacy, and an increase in body fat percentage and BMI ( p < .05). The text messaging group had a significant increase in BMI ( p < .05). The activity tracker + text messaging group had no significant differences in fitness, BMI, PA self-efficacy, or body fat percentage. This study gives no clear support to the hypothesis that use of activity trackers and a text messaging intervention have a positive effect on fitness, PA self-efficacy, or body fat percentage.
Medication Regimen Complexity and Hospital Readmission in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Tesfaye Wubshet H. , Peterson Gregory M. , Castelino Ronald L. , McKercher Charlotte , Jose Matthew D. , Wimmer Barbara C. , Zaidi Syed Tabish R.
Published: August 2018

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by high rates of hospital admissions and readmissions. However, there is a scarcity of research into medication-related factors predicting such outcomes in this patient group. Objective: To evaluate the effect of medication regimen complexity at hospital discharge on subsequent readmissions and their timing in older adults with CKD. Methods: This was a 12-month retrospective cohort study of 204 older (⩾65 years) CKD patients in an Australian tertiary care hospital. Medication regimen complexity was quantified using the 65-item medication regimen complexity index (MRCI). The outcomes were the occurrence of readmission in 30 days and time to readmission within 12 months. Logistic regression was used to identify factors predicting 30-day readmission, and a competing risks proportional subdistribution hazard model, accounting for deaths, was used for factors predicting time to readmission. Results: Overall, 50 (24%) patients, predominantly men (72%), were readmitted within 30 days of follow-up. MRCI was not significantly associated with 30-day readmission (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27; 95% CI = 0.94-1.73). The median (interquartile range) time to readmission within 12 months was 145 (31-365) days. On a multivariate analysis, a 10-unit increase in MRCI was associated with a shorter time to readmission within 12 months (subdistribution HR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.01-1.36). Conclusion and Relevance: Medication regimen complexity was not significantly associated with 30-day readmission; however, it was associated with a significantly shorter time to 12-month readmission in older CKD patients. This finding highlights the importance of medication regimen complexity as a potential target for medical interventions to reduce readmission risks.