bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truncal Demodex Folliculitis
Authors: Orlowski Timothy Jay , Reynolds Hoyt Harris , Graham Lauren V
Published: July 2020

Demodex brevis and Demodex folliculorum are two species of ubiquitous parasites whose role in human disease continues to be fully elucidated. Demodex most commonly causes symptomatic infestations confined to the head and neck. Clinically, symptoms may mimic acne vulgaris, papulopustular rosacea, perioral dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis, among others. Practitioners must maintain a high level of suspicion to avoid a misdiagnosis.
Recurrent Keratoacanthoma
Authors: Kest Isabella , Fisher Kaylee , Shihab Nahla , Lebwohl Mark
Published: July 2020

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a cutaneous squamoproliferative tumor with multiple etiologies suggested. KA can have a benign course, resolving spontaneously, but because it can rarely metastasize, some consider it to be a form of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We report a 65-year-old Caucasian male diagnosed with KA in the conch of the left ear, which initially resolved with intralesional methotrexate, but eventually recurred.
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the Scalp Arising De-Novo in an Elderly Female
Authors: Dick Mary , DiMaio Dominick , Finnegan Mary
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
Dermatology and Virtual Realities with Industry: “It’s Not Your Father’s Pharma Anymore”
Authors: Bhatia Neal
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
Successful Treatment of Recurrent Epithelioid Sarcoma-like Hemangioendothelioma with Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Xiong David Dayi , Wong Christina
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
A 65-Year-Old Male with a Large Plaque of Retiform Purpura with Impending Necrosis on the Right Lower Abdomen
Authors: Omorodion Itohan H , Flowers Richard H , Cropley Thomas G
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
Cyclosporine for Severe Drug Eruption in a Psoriasis Patient
Authors: Singer Sarina , Shihab Nahla , Lebwohl Mark
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
To Our Brown Skin Girls
Authors: Karri Padmavathi V , Charles Datonye O , Bui Brina V
Published: July 2020

Abstract not available.
Hermann Pinkus – Influencing an Entire Generation of Dermatopathologists
Authors: Brady Joshua M , Kashlan Reem , Moossavi Meena
Published: July 2020

abstract not available.
A Survey Based Study on Maintenance of Certification Programs during Grand Rounds at UT Southwestern Medical Center
Authors: Guda Anisha , Vandergriff Travis , Mauskar Melissa
Published: July 2020

Background: Maintenance of Certification (MOC) is a recertification program required by the American Board of Dermatology (ABD). The program was created because continuing medical education (CME) was viewed as inadequate in keeping physicians’ knowledge up to date. In July 2016, UTSW incorporated MOC content into Grand Rounds.Objective: To identify whether dermatologists at UTSW find MOC Grand Rounds to be useful and whether this process could be utilized in other institutions.Methods: A five question survey was piloted by a few dermatologists at UTSW. The survey was emailed to dermatologists who attended the MOC Grand Rounds. Three questions were scored on a scale of 1-6 (1= strongly disagree, 2=moderately disagree, 3= neutral, 4= mildly agree, 5= moderately agree, 6=strongly agree) with 2 free response questions.Results: 13/20 dermatologists responded to the survey (65% response rate). 11/13 dermatologists (84.6%) reported that MOC at Grand Rounds is valuable to them. 11/13 dermatologists (84.6%) reported that other dermatology programs should incorporate this method of obtaining MOC credit. 9/13 dermatologists (69.2%) reported audience response sessions improve the Grand Rounds experience.Conclusion: Dermatologists found the MOC content to be useful when incorporated into Grand Rounds.
Considerations for Dermatologic Patient Care during COVID-19
Authors: Cockerell Clay J , Heibel Haley D , Workman Ashleigh
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous challenges in dermatology.  Here, we discuss our experience of diagnosing multiple metastatic cutaneous cancers during the COVID-19 era and consider how perceived and existing barriers for patients receiving dermatologic care in the pandemic may have led to the progression of cancer.  In Texas, the attorney general issued a statement that dermatologists could not perform “routine” procedures.  Unfortunately, many dermatologists delayed biopsies and surgeries for skin cancer due to misinterpreting the ambiguous nature of the term “routine.”  Dermatologists provide valuable expertise and crucial services to society at all times, including during life-threatening pandemics, and this should be emphasized to the public and governmental agencies.
Acute Urticaria in a Young Female with COVID-19
Authors: Kakar Rohit , Wesley Naissan
Published: July 2020

This is the first known case of a young female (18 years old) with widespread urticaria amid active Covid-19 infection at a drive-up testing facility. Covid-19 should currently be on the differential diagnosis for urticaria seen in both the inpatient and outpatient setting.
Over-Indebtedness of Rural Micro-credit Financing in Bahawalpur: An Impediment to their Social & Financial Mobility
Authors: Owais Shafique  , Maria Habib
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of micro-credit finance on over-indebtedness and social & financial mobility of micro-credit finance participants. The objectives of this research is to investigate that micro-credit finance participation leads to over-indebtedness of micro-credit finance and over-indebtedness of micro-credit finance effect the social and financial mobility of micro-credit finance participants. The study also investigates the role of women participation in those financial decisions through which over-indebtedness exist. The study is quantitative and the research design is explanatory in nature. The data was collected from 266 current and ex-micro-credit finance participants through questionnaire and interview were also conducted in order to facilitate respondents. The data was analyzed through different statistical software I.e. Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings of the study indicate that micro-credit finance participants experience over-indebtedness by participation in micro-credit finance program but it does not affect the social and financial mobility of micro-credit finance participants. It also evaluate that women involvement has weak mediating relation with over-indebtedness and financial mobility. This study has important implications because it provides insights regarding over-indebtedness of micro-credit finance participants that effects their social & financial mobility. This study also helps policy makers in formulating new regulations in the area of micro-credit finance sector in Pakistan. The new policies may target the aspect of over-indebtedness among micro-credit participants in future.
Antibiotic resistance: a comparison between inpatient and outpatient uropathogens
Authors: Akhavizadegan Hamed , Hosamirudsar Hadiseh , Pirroti Hedayatolah , Akbarpour Samaneh
Published: July 2020

Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections and its treatment is complicated by the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Resistance patterns of organisms differ between community-acquired and hospitalassociated urinary tract infections. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the most effective antibiotics against uropathogens and if antibiotic resistance differed by setting (inpatient versus outpatient). Methods: This 2016–2017 cross-sectional study examined 300 midstream clean-catch urine samples with positive culture (150 outpatient and 150 inpatient samples) for the uropathogens isolated and the resistance of these pathogens to different antibiotics. Samples were obtained from the laboratory of Baharloo hospital, Tehran. The differences in antibiotic resistance between inpatient and outpatient uropathogens were analysed using the chi-squared test. Results: Escherichia coli (72.0% of the 300 samples) and Klebsiella spp (13.0%) were the most common uropathogens isolated. A greater proportion of inpatient samples showed resistance to ceftriaxone, cefixime, sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid than the outpatient samples (P < 0.05). The most effective antibiotics for Gram-negative uropathogens were imipenem (only 6.0% of these uropathogens overall were antibiotic-resistant), amikacin (6.3%) and nitrofurantoin (10.3%). Conclusions: Uropathogen resistant rates in inpatients were higher than outpatient rates. The use of imipenem and amikacin instead of traditional first-line empirical therapy (fluoroquinolone and sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim) is advised for hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections.
Features of structure formation of surface layers with high content of boron on steel 15Х11МФ in the conditions of furnace and induction heating
Authors: Knyazev S.A.
Published: July 2020

The results of obtaining borated layers on 15H11MF high-alloy steel under equilibrium and non-equilibrium heating conditions are presented. Equilibrium conditions were achieved by slow furnace heating (with a heating rate of 0.1 oC/s), non-equilibrium – by induction heating (with a heating rate of 100 oC/s). The heating was controlled by measuring the thermoelectric power by a thermocouple welded to the surface of the sample by electric contact welding. The signal from the thermocouple was digitized by the ADC and transmitted to a computer where, at high speed, an array of data of temperature-time dependence of the process was formed. Furnace heating was carried out in a laboratory electric furnace at 1130 оС ± 5 оС, 1150 оС ± 5 оС and 1160 оС ± 5 оС. Induction heating was carried out to temperatures of 1180 oC ± 20oC, 1200 oC  ± 20oC, 1220 oC ± 20oC. The possibility of significant reduction of the treatment process from 3 hours to 2 minutes due to the intensifying action in non-equilibrium conditions of structure formation is shown. Boron saturation came from the paste. Saturating paste consisted of 60% boron carbide, 30% NaF, 10% CaF2. The method of metallographic research shows not only the morphological differences of the obtained surface layers, but also established the predominant mechanism of boron diffusion into high-alloy martensitic steel. During furnace heating (1150оС), a solid boron with a thickness of up to 50 μm and a hardness of 15100 MPa is formed. At a depth of up to 150 μm, grain boundary diffusion is noticeable, which obviously dominates in the processes of boron saturation of high-alloy steels. At temperatures of 1160 oC and furnace heating under a solid layer of boride with a thickness of 110 μm, a two-phase zone is formed, which consists of boride and a solid solution with a thickness of 70 μm. This layer is more defective. Induction heating with boron saturation forms a thick (up to 200 μm) layer of coarse boride crystallites (18900 – 9270 MPa) with an eutectic structure (6440 MPa), which becomes coarser with increasing temperature from 1180 to 1220 оС. The ability to obtain solid hardened layers in a short treatment time makes boron saturation from pastes a more attractive alternative among other chemical-heat treatment technologies.
Special Features of Idioms Interpretation at the Stage of Eye-Mindedness in the Cognition Process of a Subject (as exemplified in L. Carroll «Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland»).
Authors: Kalashnikova Larisa V.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the investigation of the specific features of idiom interpretation at the eye-mindedness stage. The ability of a subject to perceive the external resemblance of objects makes their hidden features invisible. In the cognitive process the subject learns to perceive and to interpret the outside world as the complex of objects, situations as a whole for self-identity and developing the capability to identify himself regarding this reality. It is a matter of common observation that one of the most complex forms of metaphorical thinking is the subject ability to interpret a figurative meaning. In the course of the imagination intentional development the acquired ability to think metaphorically influences the comprehension of many aspects of language, including the correct interpretation of idioms. Integrated meaning of phraseological units and idioms causes serious problems in the process of the child language aquisition. Due to limited background knowledge and corresponding cognitive structures, the child tries to interpret each component separately, losing the figurativeness, but at the same time giving the idiom or phraseological unit an individual and unusual sense. Young researchers, relying on objective thinking, perceive idioms as sentences where words are freely combined. The study revealed that the idioms interpretation depends on a number of internal and external factors, as well as the background knowledge about the reality and the rules of successful speech interaction. Various language means reflect the children’s speech dynamics within the process of formation of the subject’s ability to interpret a figurative meaning. When interacting with the surrounding reality, the subject’s awareness of his personal “Ego” inevitably generates contradictions of the reality cognition priority and new information. Integration of the old and new information results in creation of a problem situation and its comprehension. Scarcely ever new facts fit the framework of known concepts and behavior algorithms. Efforts to resolve the problem situations by search and creation of the new ways and solution methods, images and senses discovering the outworld new features, show the subject’s cognitive activity.
Questioning the Usage of Generic Masculine and Reflection of Objective Reality
with Regard to the Function of Language (Demonstrated on the Slovak and English Examples)
Authors: Jesenská Petra
Published: July 2020

The English language uses dual gender which is an umbrella term for including fe/males, e.g. student, doctor, teacher, president, minister, opponent, etc. In Slavic languages, e.g. in the Slovak language it works differently. Suffixes reflect grammatical and natural gender of lexemes referring to occupation, activity or the position of a person in the public sphere. And so the gender is recognized by means of a masculine or feminine suffix. In effort to become economical with language and to avoid misunderstandings as well, generic masculine (GM), i.e. preferring dominant masculine gender whereever possible, was introduced in the past. It used to be working for some time without doubting or questioning GM. However, this is no longer true as far as females realize that there is no real existence without their real presence in language. And so what is inherently present in English due to its typological type of language known as analytical, must be reconsidered in some Slavic languages due to their flexive nature. This was investigated by several means: approach of professional language workers for dictionary, appearances of frequencies in the Slovak National Corpus, Google and Census which took place in 2011 in Slovakia. The Census reveals the real numbers of fe/males in their public positions (i.e. occupations and jobs). The analysis and further comparison bring both relevant information and uncover discrepancies between language and reality. It turns out that reality is manipulated via language which has appropriate means to include both genders in public discourse in order to avoid gender stereotypes which are present in more or less sexist society. Remark: In the paper Slovak examples are left without specific Slovak signs in order to avoid misinterpretation by formal publishing mistakes and problems.
Topos of irony in the receptive-interpretative space of the postmodern literary text
Authors: Kuznetsova Anna V.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the main semantic and text-forming mechanism for organizing a literary text - the topos of irony from the standpoint of establishing its role in the reception and interpretation of the postmodern worldview embodied in such a text. Since reality is not conceived of postmodernly outside of the language (text), the need for receptive competence and the handling of information defined by a specific area of ​​communication and possessing accuracy increases. The recipient focuses only on the necessary part of the information flow, so the text is the basis of the methodology of world perception. Cultural codes and cultural competencies acquire the properties of regulatory mechanisms capable of selecting perceived facts. The relevance of the article consists in establishing those correlative relationships and factors that determine the reception and interpretation of the postmodern literary text. These factors include topos of irony, the correct decoding of which is due to presuppositions characteristic of the representative of a particular socio-linguistic and cultural collective. All postmodern literary texts are characterized by a playful character, which, in turn, now determines the foundation of artistic creativity in general, and not just those texts that put comic or only satire as part of the comic in the center of the art world, determining their aesthetic tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the ontological status of the topos of irony in the receptive-interpretative space of the postmodern literary text. The topos of irony in the postmodern literary text is the textual and style-forming principle of the aesthetic practice of a particular author, the purpose of which is to engage the recipient in the dialogue, co-creation in receptive and interpretive activities, “unrolling” the literary text itself in the coordinates of the ironic and game scenario. Since irony is a kind of intellectual provocation that allows the author to identify “his” reader, there is also the need to consider the topos of irony in relation to the specifics of a socio-linguistic and cultural collective.
Some linguistic peculiarities of the English and Russian rap texts: a comparative study drawing on the material of texts of grime microgenre
Authors: Mukhtarova A.S. , Alimuradov O.A.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the linguistic characteristics of the English- and Russian-language song discourse of the late XXth – early XXIst centuries drawing on the material of music works of rap genre. Today, rap is one of the most popular music genres around the world. This musical genre is developing dynamically, comprehending various aspects of modern life, people’s problems, and therefore it has a fairly wide audience. The topicality of the research is determined by the need to deepen the linguistic understanding of creolized texts, the lacunarity of the concept of genres of polycode texts, as well as a high degree of intertextuality of the studied texts. The English and Russian-language texts of rap music works by such artists as Skepta, Oxxxymiron hae served as the material for the research. The Genius website was the source of the texts. Special attention is paid to the classification of subgenres and microgenres of rap with the allocation of the grime microgenre, which has been taken as the key genre for the study. On the basis of the results of the empirical analysis of the discursive material, the authors claim that the Russian- and English-language grime microgenres have some common and differential features. Common features include the use of precedent names, explicit citations, the use of metaphors, antitheses, repetitions, pun, slangisms, obscene lexis, and edlibs. In the English-language grime, there are no allusions to mythology, biblical text, or other literary works that are frequently present in the tracks of the Russian-speaking artist. The authors conclude that various ways of implementing intertextuality are represented in a wider spectrum in the Russian-language grime than in the English-language grime
The Correlation Between Metaphor Density and the Message Persuasive Power
Authors: Kalinin Oleg I.
Published: July 2020

The article considers the problem of the communicative power of a metaphor, namely, how the density of metaphors in a message affects the persuasiveness of a given message. The author analyzes the research in the field of the speech impact of metaphorical messages, as well as studies that are aimed at analyzing the density of metaphors in the text. An empirical study based on the original technique checks the hypothesis that a larger number of metaphors in the text increases the power of speech exposure. In this case, the relationship of speech exposure with the metaphor perceived aptness is also investigated. As a research methodology, a survey of 80 respondents is used, who, after reading high-metaphorical, low-metaphorical and non-metaphorical texts, should have made a choice. An important feature of the methodology is the fact that the texts used in the experiment were almost identical in content, but at the same time they were distinguished by metaphor density and perceived aptness. The results showed that metaphorical expressions in all cases were more persistent than non-metaphorical ones. The correlation coefficient between the number of metaphors and the persistence of the message was 0.69, and taking into account perceived aptness - 0.73. The main conclusion of the study is that the higher the density of metaphors in the text, the higher the persuasiveness of a given speech message. However, to achieve a high level of speech exposure, the number of metaphors in the text should be consistent with the perceived aptness, that is, the specific density of metaphors in the text is determined by the genre and style features of the speech message. If the level of perceived aptness of metaphors is low, then increasing the number of metaphors has the opposite effect on persuasiveness. Communication with a low level of metaphor aptness becomes less pervasive, despite the number of metaphors.
Stylistic Interpretation of English Football Vocabulary Items and Set Expressions in Publicistic Discourse
Authors: Štulajterová Alena , Laluška Ivan
Published: July 2020

The paper dwells upon the study of English football vocabulary items and set expressions from the stylistic point of view. We applied Galperin´s model of stylistic analysis in our research,therefore football expressions and phrases are evaluated in terms of their stylistic significance at the phonetic-phonological, lexical and syntactical levels. The linguistic corpus of research material of 670 excerpts comes from printed and online British media, namely the Guardian and its websites. In initial chapters, the paper outlines the past and present of football on the British Isles. As football vocabulary items and set expressions are used by sports journalists and reporters too, we present a concise diachronic and synchronic view of the British sports journalism as the sub-style of publicistic style. The core of the paper is focused on quantitative and qualitative stylistic analysis of the corpus. Furthermore,the corpus of the language material has been analysed according to the football activities related to the most popular sport worldwide. Our research revealed that the scope of the most frequent stylistic devices included in the English football vocabulary has been mainly focused on the lexical level (namely metonymy, metaphor, hyperbole and periphrasis). The results provide some interesting insights into the two-fold application of meaning (primary and transferred/contextual meaning) in the analysed expressions.
Ontological metaphors as a tool for representation of concept ZORN in the German language
Authors: Budaev Eduard V. , Yuzhaninova Elena V.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of ontological metaphors, actualized for the conceptualization of anger in the German language. The vast majority of modern research into metaphorical representation of emotives are carried out on the example of structural metaphors, which undeservedly underscores the role of ontological metaphors, which belong to the earlier stage of categorization of the world in ontogenesis, and therefore require primary attention in the analysis of metaphorical conceptualization of basic emotions. Based on German lexicographic sources, the article reveals the main ontological metaphors involved in describing the emotions of anger. The first ontological metaphor ZORN IST CONTAINER describes anger as an object of the material world with an internal space into which an angry person is placed. The second conceptual metaphor ZORN IST SUBSTANZ interprets anger as a liquid or gaseous substance. This understanding of anger is usually combined with the MENSCH IST CONTAINER conceptual metaphor, creating the image of a person as a container that is filled with anger. The third version of the ontological metaphorization of the concept under consideration is ZORN IST WESEN. This conceptual metaphor represents anger either as an active agent, as an ontological unit that can generate a casual series of events (ZORN IST AKTIVES WESEN), or as an object that can be manipulated, or which is exposed to external forces (ZORN IST PASSIVES WESEN).
Institutional Concept “Mission”: Evaluative Characteristics
Authors: Karasik Vladimir I. , Kalykova Ervena A.
Published: July 2020

The paper deals with an institutional concept “mission” which includes three main components: the purpose of a certain social institute, the image of this institute in mass consciousness and key values of that social organization. We argue that the basic characteristic feature of the concept “mission” in mass consciousness is the emphasized idea of importance of a certain evaluative position. The material of the article includes dictionary definitions, texts from the National corpus of the Russian language and mission verbalizations of leading universities and world companies developing information technologies.
Notional, situational and evaluative characteristics of the concept in question have been analyzed. A notional approach to explanation of the concept “mission” makes it possible to characterize its topical features which include the ideas of importance of the purpose the organization must realize, predestination of the chosen way and id its sacral value, projecting the future and the distinction of collective and individual identity. Situational features of the concept “mission” as verbalized in textual corpus examples contain either explicit or implicit positive evaluation of the action characterized as a mission, but in certain contexts describe it ironically.
There are two main types of promoted values attributed to and specified by educational and business institutions: the former express terminal values (knowledge, verity, enlightment, etc.) whereas the latter appeal to both terminal and utilitarian values (progress, success, wealth, etc.). The main conclusion is that the political aim of a mission verbalization expresses the purpose of the social institute to design the future.
STJ e a união homoafetiva
Authors: Vecchiatti Paulo Roberto Iotti
Published: July 2020

A luta judicial dos casais homoafetivos para terem suas uniões afetivas reconhecidas como famílias conjugais perpassou a jurisprudência do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. Em um entendimento inicial, de 1998, o STJ afirmou que a união entre pessoas do mesmo gênero deveria ser enquadrada como “sociedade de fato”, com comprovação da contribuição para a formação do patrimônio comum para possibilitar a divisão deste. Em 2008, tivemos o primeiro julgado que reconheceu o cabimento da analogia para se reconhecer a união homoafetiva como união estável legalmente e constitucionalmente protegida. Outros precedentes reforçaram esse entendimento, até que se consolidou no Tribunal o direito de casais homoafetivos acessarem os regimes jurídicos da união estável e do casamento civil, além da adoção conjunta de crianças e adolescentes. O método utilizado para o presente artigo foi o de revisão de jurisprudência, concluindo-se que o STJ superou uma visão heterossexista de família, que só vê dignidade (ou vê maior dignidade) da união heteroafetiva, para uma visão efetivamente democrática e pluralista, coerente com o princípio constitucional da pluralidade de entidades familiares, fazendo jus ao nome de Tribunal da Cidadania.
The correlation between maternal mealtime behaviors and children’s body mass index
Authors: USLU Nevin , PAZARCIKCI Fahriye
Published: July 2020

Aim: The purpose of study was to determine the correlation between mothers’ mealtime behaviors (MMTBs) and children’s body mass index (BMI).Materials and Methods: The study was done with 112 mothers whose children were hospitalized in a pediatric service of a public hospital for diagnosis and treatment. To collect data; Information Request Form and The Parent Mealtime Action Scale were used. The data were assessed with descriptive statistics, Shapiro-Wilk, Man-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, Bonferroni correction Dunn test and Spearman correlation test.Results: It was identified that among MMTBs, the most demonstrated behaviors were consumption of daily fruit and vegetable availability, using positive persuasion and setting snack amounts. In study it was found that children’s BMI values were positively correlated with cooking child-selected meals while they were negatively and weakly correlated with fat reduction-subscale.Conclusion: It is recommended that different prospective studies be done in order to compare mothers and fathers’ behaviors.
The Russian Arctic seas ice age composition and thickness variation in winter periods at the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Egorov A. G.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the large-scale peculiarities of ice age composition and thickness in winter period (October–May) along the entire stripe of the Russian Arctic seas from the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago to Alaska, as well as to assess the multi-year changes taking place in early 21st century. The source of the information used for the present paper is the electronic ice charts at the end of every month, developed in the AARI from 1997 to 2018.

On the average, during the period 1997–2018, from month to month, the consecutive and ordered changes of ice area of given age take place in accordance with the general ice thickness increase. In October–December the grey-white and first year thin ice (15–70 cm) prevails in the Arctic seas, in January–February — the first-year medium ice (70–120 cm), in March–May — the first-year thick ice (more than 120 cm).

The period from 1997 to 2018 consists of two parts (1997–2003 and 2004–2018) principally differing from one another by the peculiarities of ice age composition. The basic content of the changes in the 21st century is the decrease of relatively thicker ice area and increase of that of relatively thinner ice.

On the average, in the winter periods of 2004–2018, (1) the area of ice thinner than 70 cm (nilas, grey, grey-white and first year thin) became 12 % less than in 1997–2003, and (2) the area of ice thicker than 70 cm (first year medium, first year thick, second year and multi-year) became 18 % larger than in 1997–2003. The most significant changes regard to the second year and multi-year ice, their area in winter period decreased about 10 times. Decrease of the rate of first year ice growth is accompanied with delay of the dates when the first year ice reaches the values of 70 and 120 cm.

Correspondingly, the weighted mean ice thickness also changes. On the average, in 2004–2018 ice thickness has got about 40 cm less than in 1997–2003; by the end of cold period (May), ice thickness decrease from 153 to 117 cm.

The typical feature of the observed changes is an abrupt transformation from one climatic state of ice cover to another during only one hydrological year.
Cyclical structure and the prerequisites for forecasting of the duration of Arctic invasions for the next decade
Authors: Loginov V. F. , Lysenko S. A. , Brovka Yu. A. , Mikutsky V. S.
Published: July 2020

The Duration of Arctic Invasions (DAI) is known to be connected with various climatological indexes. This paper presents the results of a study of DAI changes in various sectors of the Northern Hemisphere from 1899 to 2017. To this end, we used the classification of circulating mechanisms of the Northern Hemisphere by B.L. Dzerdzeevsky.

The basic attention was paid to the study of the trend component of the temporal variability of the duration of Arctic invasions; to the assessment of long-period cyclic fluctuations of the DAI; and to the forecasting the duration of Arctic invasions over the next decade in the Northern Hemisphere sectors.

To analyze the components of the change in the duration of Arctic invasions and its forecast, we used: a description of the initial data using a linear trend, approximation of time series by the Savitsky-Golay method, spectral analysis and spectral-time analysis, as well as the component-harmonic method.

We found a significant increase in the duration of Arctic invasions in the Pacific and Atlantic sectors and its significant decline in the European and American sectors. In deviations from the trend, a powerful quasi-fifty-year component for five sectors is clearly manifested; whereas in the European sector the deviation is rather weak and quasi-thirty-year fluctuations dominate here. What is more, quasi-20-year fluctuations in the variability of DAI were revealed, we predict DAI estimates for the next 10 years by combining the trend and two quasi-cyclic fluctuations. According to our forecast an increase in the duration of Arctic invasions will occur from 2022 in the European sector. In the Atlantic sector, DAI growth will begin in 2019 and continue until 2023, and then DAI will fall. In other sectors, there will be a decrease in the duration of Arctic invasions starting from 2016. The decrease in American sector starts only from 2022.
Monitoring of the physical and mechanical state of sea ice and short-term prediction of extreme ice phenomena
Authors: Smirnov V. N. , Kovalev S. M. , Shushlebin A. I. , Kolabutin N. V. , Znamenskiy M. S.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of studies that complement each other. New methods of instrumental studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of ice and ice cover are considered.

There is briefly described the complex system to developed in the AARI (Arctic and Antarctic research Institute) to determine the strength characteristics of ice formations in natural conditions. The results of determining the ice strength in wells (local strength) at the research station of AARI “Ice Base Cape of Baranov” are presented. The coefficient of comparison of local strength and strength of samples under uniaxial compression is obtained. This allows to determine the ice strength without sampling and testing of samples. On a large experimental material, linear and quadratic approximations for local ice strength were obtained. The influence of the indenter penetration rate on the local ice strength is studied.

There is considered the application of the contact remote method for monitoring the dynamic state of the ice cover in order to obtain new data for creating a method of predicting the phenomena of compression and destruction of sea ice in real time.

To study the large-scale mechanics of ice during dynamic processes in the air — ice — water system, a modular-block system for ice cover monitoring was developed. The layout of the system was tested in Arctic expeditions.

The developed complex system for determining the strength characteristics of ice formations in natural conditions and the modular-block system for monitoring the state of the ice cover complement each other, suggest their further development and improvement, provide wide opportunities for ice research.
Organochlorine compounds in subarctic small lakes
Authors: Kolpakova E. S. , Velyamidova A. V.
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of studies of the environmental properties of organochlorines which differ in properties and origin, in the lake ecosystems of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra (Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia). The purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the levels, distribution characteristics and composition of organochlorines in the bottom sediments of small lakes located in the Adzva river basin in Pymvashor natural boundary (the northernmost location of the exit of thermal-mineral springs of the continental Europe) and in the adjacent area, outside this unique subarctic hydrothermal zone.

In order to meet this goal, multi-method (hydrochemical, geochemical, etc.) research was carried out using standard generally approved laboratory practices with their adaptation to the study goals. The quantitative content and composition of the target individual organochlorines were determined by gas chromatographic method with electron-capture detection.

The presence of chlorophenol compounds and polychlorinated benzenes (including persistent organic pollutants) was shown in the lakes sediments. The influence of specific microclimatic conditions of subarctic hydrothermal system on the composition and distribution of chlorophenol compounds in lake sediments was considered. In the small lake sediment core in Pymvashor natural boundary a reducing trend in the levels of organochlorines with depth has been recorded (conditioned among other things by the lithological features of bottom sediments). The chlorophenol compounds were found at highest concentrations (619.3–765.5 ng/g) in the sediment upper layers, rich in organic matter; chlorophenol composition was represented mainly by chlorinated phenols, most likely of biotic origin. A lower concentration (185.0 ng/g) of chlorophenol compounds of predominantly abiogenic origin was determined in the lake sediments outside hydrothermal system. The presence and levels of persistent organochlorine pollutants (pentachlorophenol 0.1–2.4 ng/g; hexa- and pentachlorobenzenes 0.4–3.6 ng/g) in the lake sediments were associated with long-range atmospheric transport from various origin sources in nearby regions and low-latitude territories.
Algal communities of the waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica
Authors: Smirnova S. V. , Chaplygina O. Y. , Luknitskaya A. F.
Published: July 2020

In continental waterbodies of Antarctic oases specific algal communities are forming. The structure and dominating complex of species of this communities due to different distance from the seashore and latitude, the composition of the constituent rocks, altitude and the presence in the past of periods of contact with sea water is unique for different oases. It may vary in different waterbodies within one oasis besides.

Aim of the research is to describe different types of algal communities from the continental waterbodies of Schirmacher Oasis and it’s confinement to the different types of waterbodies.

Samples were collected from 173 waterbodies: 151 with stagnant water and 22 streams.

During the study 64 species of Cyanoprokaryotes were found, and this group usually dominated in communities. Also 14 most frequent species of Chlorophyta, 12 most frequent species of Bacillariophyta, 6 species of desmid algae, 2 species of Xanthophyceae, 1 species of Eustigmatophyceae were noted in benthos. Usually resting stages and in one case — life cells of Golden algae (Chrysophyceae, Synurophyceae) were found in mats on the bottom of big lakes. Plankton algae in most of the waterbodies had very low abundance and diversity and were strongly influensed by trophic level. Benthic algal communities were much more diverse and abundant. Eight sustainable types of benthic algal communities were revealed in continental waterbodyes of Schirmacher Oasis. Form, colour, and species composition of bentic films and mats strongly depended on temperature, conductivity and pH of the waterbody and its depth.
Regions spatial development problems of the Russian Far East North: sociological analysis
Authors: Fomin M. V. , Bezverbny V. A. , Seleznev I. A. , Shushpanova I. S. , Lukashenko E. A. , Miriazov T. R.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the features and problems of spatial development of the regions of the North of the Russian Far East. The research was carried out under the project “Modeling the spatial development scenarios of Siberia and the Far East of Russia until 2030: features of the resettlement system” (RFBR grant No. 19-010-00836 A), which won the RFBR competition “Fundamental Scientific Research Projects”. The study is being conducted by the team of the Department of Geourbanistics & Spatial Development of ISPR FCTAS RAS since 2019 and is intended to last for three years. The main goal is to assess the current state of the resettlement system, develop strategic prospects and model alternative scenarios for the spatial development of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. A key feature is the use of interdisciplinary methods based on a combination of economic, mathematical, sociological, statistical and scenario approaches to research. From a practical point of view, the project results will help to plan more rationally the spatial development the spatial development of the country’s regions. The analysis shows that the sociological methods of spatial research have large reserves but are not yet used to the full capacity. This article discusses the current problems of spatial development of the north of the Russian Far East. On the basis of the authors’ development of the empirical research model by a group of scientists of ISPR FCTAS RAS, in August 2019, the survey of respondents of the Kamchatka Krai, the Magadan Oblast` and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug was conducted. The results of the opinion poll made it possible to identify differences in migration preferences, a number of features of the economic potential capacity and the quality of infrastructure, and the social sphere of the Far Eastern regions of the country.
PENGEMBANGAN BUDAYA RELIGIUS (RELIGIOUS CULTURE) DI MADRASAH: Strategi Membentuk Karakter Bangsa Peserta Didik
Authors: Mutohar Prim Masrokan
Published: July 2020

The article proposes strategies to build the nation character of students. It follows three stages. The first is socializing the accepted religious values to be implemented in the school. The second is implementing the values systematically for all components in the school. The third is giving rewards for those successfully implementing them. The strategies are done by education practitioners through providing examples, forming good habits, encouraging, and rewarding. In addition, forming religious values at school can be conducted through power strategy, persuasive strategy, normative re-educative strategy. Key words: Religious culture, Nation character
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAI DENGAN PENDEKATAN SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) UNTUK MEMPERKUAT KARAKTER DAN AKHLAK MULIA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Khilmiyah Akif
Published: July 2020

This paper aims at assessing the superiority of Islamic education learning model (PAI) with Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) to strengthen efforts of establishing the character and moral values of primary school students. Analysis of inductive method is conducted by an in-depth literature review to discover the design of PAI learning model PAI with SEL to shaping the character and moral values of primary school students. Conclusion of this paper shows that model of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) for PAI should be done in a holistic manner to foster emotional and social intelligence. Holistic learning occurs when PAI curriculum shows themes that encourage the exploration of the authentic and natural events. Through the themes, meaningful learning processes and materials occur that are designed to be interconnected with various areas of curriculum development in the PAI. Holistic learning approach, based on inquiry in which children are involved in planning, explores and shares ideas. Keywords: Character education; Social Emotional Learning; Morals noble.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAMI ANAK: Upaya Membangun Karakter Mulai Usia Dini
Authors: Zaenul Fitri Agus
Published: July 2020

The article is to raise parents’ awareness on the importance of early childhood education. It is not solely about sending their children to school to get knowledge. But the children are given space to grow and develop properly. If the children get a complete and comprehensive education, they will be an important human who becomes useful for society, nation, and religion. Education should make child healthy physically, mentalyl, emotionally.  Education must include three aspects, namely cognitive, affective, and psychomotor which is not only to accompany a sensitivity and intelligence of student but also to know God almighty.           Key words: Education, Islam, Character, Early childhood.
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM SEBAGAI SARANA PEMBENTUKAN MORAL DAN KARAKTER SISWA
Authors: Tsani Iskandar
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the role of Islamic education in shapping moral and character for students. The goal of Islamic education is to make student close to God and enlightening human being.  To make a good character in student life we have to use a right stategy in implementing Islamic education. The goal of implementing Islamic education is to develop values, good habits, and positive attitude to make student get  mature and responsible in the daily life as a result of character and moral performance. . Key words: Islamic education, Moral performance, Value, Student character
KONSTRUKSI PENGEMBANGAN KEILMUAN PROGRAM STUDI PAI PADA PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
Authors: Qomar Mujamil
Published: July 2020

The article explores the development construction of Islamic education at post graduate program both at PTAIN and PTAIS. The results show that the development construction of Islamic education at Islamic tertiary education need certain formula by considering all situation and condition related to the existence of the Islamic education. It is of paramount importance since they do contribute to the development construction of Islamic education. In addition, the emphasis of the construction should be reflected in any activity conducted by both leaturers and students. Key words: Development construction, Islamic education, Tertiary education
TRANSFORMASI SISTEM PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN DARI PESANTREN SALAF KE TERPADU: Studi Kasus Pondok Pesantren Salafiy Terpadu Ar-Risalah Lirboyo
Authors: Humaidi Anis
Published: July 2020

This article explores interesting phenomena occurring at Pondok Pesantren Lirboyo, that is transformation system. Even though it is popular with salaf tradition, Pondok Pesantren Salafiy Terpadu Ar-Risalah is successfully integrating salaf education system and modern system. The new generation of the Pondok are not always satisfied with what was established with the founding fathers of the Pondok due to the change of reality. Therefore, transformation happens. This can be seen in Pondok Pesantren Salafiy Terpadu Ar-Risalah Lirboyo, which integrates salaf tradition and modern system. Key words: Transformation, Education, System, and Pesantren.
IMPLEMENTASI KELAS AKSELERASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) DI SMA NEGERI 1 KEDIRI
Authors: Mastun Nisa' Dwi Haris
Published: July 2020

The article is intended to describe the implementation and the supporting factors of Islamic education at accelerated classes at state SMA 1 Kediri. Descriptive-qualitative was employed, and the data were elicited through interview, observation, and documentation. It was found out that the implementation of Islamic education at accelerated classes was not very much different from the regular classes in the form of curriculum, methods, and evaluation. The difference is only that accelerated classes are only for gifted and talented students. In addition, some supporting factors were good communication as well close relationship between the teachers and students, skilled teachers, sufficient facilities, good students, students’ illiterate technology, KMP. Some barriers were also found. They are teachers’ literate technology, small classes, and students’ minimum religious background. Therefore, any party related to this should contribute to overcome the barriers.  Key words: Accelerated classes, Instruction, Islamic education.