bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARTICULAR ISSUES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
Authors:   Territorially Separated Branch “Kamianske branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”,  Kamianske, Ukraine, Kubrak R.M. , Seheda V.M. ,   Territorially Separated Branch “Kamianske branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”,  Kamianske, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

In the article on the basis of the analysis the authors determine the dynamic changes over the past ten years in certain indicators of juvenile delinquency. The positive dynamics of reduction of the main quantitative indicators of juvenile delinquency is determined. In particular, the author provides a criminal law characterization of criminal offenses committed by juveniles. Among the criminal offenses committed by juveniles, there is a prevalence of offenses committed for mercenary motives, which is also characteristic of adult offenders. In the structure of juvenile delinquency, a significant numerical predominance of males is noted, but despite a significant numerical decrease in the number of female juvenile offenders, their share has remained relatively stable over the past ten years. More than half of the convicted juveniles serving their sentence in an educational colony comply with the established procedure for serving their sentence, prove their correction and are released on parole. Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that the dynamics of reducing juvenile delinquency rates will remain stable in general, but the amount of annual quantitative changes will most likely decrease. At the same time, the elements of humanity and decriminalization will be further implemented in the punitive policy towards juvenile offenders. Key words: convicted juvenile, imprisonment, criminal offenses, personnel of penitentiary institutions, resocialization, educational colony, crime, prevention of criminal offenses.
CONSTITUTIONALISM TRANSNATIONALIZATION AS AN OBJECT OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
Authors:   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko, Sumy, Ukraine, Kuchuk A.M. , Pekarchuk V.M. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article covers the problems of the spread of the phenomenon of constitutionalism to interstate associations. It is noted that the phenomenon of constitutionalism is mainly characterized precisely by means of its domestic significance and, accordingly, as something that does not go beyond the borders of a specific state. Attention is focused on the fact that constitutionalism (especially in the conditions of legal positivism prevalence) is associated with the presence of a number of legislative acts. However, the essence of constitutionalism lies, first of all, in limiting public authorities. The origins of constitutionalism are laid in the contractual concept of the state origin, and in the theory of the social contract. Two main aspects of a possible consideration of the issue of constitutionalism transnationalization are distinguished. First, it is about the supranational nature of constitutionalism in the context of axiological perception. The fundamental provisions of constitutionalism find their manifestation in many states. Democratic states cannot fail to proceed from the postulate of public authority limitation and division, human rights as natural possibilities determining the limits of the state power activity, etc. It is difficult to single out those institutions that are inherent in the constitutional law of an individual state and do not exist in other states. Secondly, it is about the possibility of the constitutionalism existence at the level of interstate entities, primarily the European Union. In this aspect, the term “multilevel constitutionalism” is usually used. It is summarized that the issue of constitutionalism going beyond the domestic borders becomes the object of the intention of the domestic jurisprudence and requires a comprehensive study. Key words: state, integration, European Union, constitutionalism, human rights, international organization, public authority, sovereignty.
FORMS OF WORK ORGANIZATION ACCORDING TO THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Lytvynenko V.M.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the concepts of “labor organization” and “form of labor organization”, defines the types of forms of labor organization, in particular, according to the Code of Labor Laws. Such forms of labor organization as traditional or stationary, which have existed since the adoption of the Code of Labor Laws in 1971, are characterized. The second form of work organization is homework, which, in terms of the time it has been established in legislation, is more recent than the traditional one. Remote work, which, along with homework, became widely used and was later regulated in details by legislation due to the spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic, is the newest handicap in the organization of work according to the legislation of Ukraine. The article emphasizes the fact that such categories of labor law as the form of labor organization, working hours, working time regime should not be equated. These are different concepts that are used in this field of law to define, respectively, the system of measures of interaction of employees with each other and the employer and the organization of the production process (providing services) and the interaction of the employees with the means of production and their usage the duration of time during which the employee performs his work duties, the method of distribution of work during a certain calendar period. In addition, the article demonstrates the primacy of regulation of both home and remote work at the international level, in comparison with national legislation. Key words: labor organization, form of labor organization, traditional (stationary) form of labor organization, remote form of labor organization, home form of labor organization.
LATEST DIRECTIONS OF PREVENTING MOBILIZATION AVOIDANCE AS ONE OF THE ELEMENTS OF STATE SECURITY
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Sokorynskyi Yu.V. , Leonenko О.A. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Shatylo S.O. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the characteristics of latest ways of preventing avoidance of mobilization as one of the elements of state security. Theconcept of “security” is defined as a multifaceted and complex socio-political, economic phenomenon, which objectively has a historical character and is associated with various forms and directions of interaction during the entire person’ life. It is noted that in order to ensure the state and society citizens, property, etc security, the question of the need to support the bodies functioning that are called to perform the functions of ensuring state security becomes relevant. One of such bodies engaged in this activity is Territorial center of recruitment and social support. As a result of the conducted research, it is possible to determine certain aspects that negatively affect the activities of these bodies. The Law of Ukraine “On Military Duty and Military Service” provides for medical examinations of conscripts and service men during conscription for military service. Re-examinations of conscripts are provided for by the Regulation on military medical examination in the Armed Forces of Ukraine once every five years. At the same time, the procedure for financing repeated inspections is not defined by departmental regulatory documents and other legislative acts. The article notes that the study of the activities of the Territorial center of recruitment and social support in conducting mobilization and preventing its evasion is relevant and necessary in today’s conditions. It is proposed at the legislative level to develop a mechanism for summoning conscripts to Territorial recruitment and social support centers without issuing summonses. After analyzing the results of the conducted research, it was proposed to include in the list of reasons “Verification of the fulfillment of military duty under the conditions of the legal regime of martial law’, which will allow to carry out qualitative measures to search for conscripts who evade military duty. Key words: security, mobilization, conscripts, criminal responsibility, administrative responsibility.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЇХ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ
Authors: Попело Ольга , Дубина Максим
Published: October 2023

У статті проаналізовано стан будівельних підприємств за 2016-2022 рр., визначено динаміку базових економічних показників, які характеризують діяльність підприємств будівельної галузі стосовно будівництва як інженерних споруд, так і будівель. Специфічними проблемами визначено невідповідність якості та погіршення логістики постачання будівельних матеріалів, кризовий стан вітчизняного виробництва будівельної сировини, руйнування виробничих потужностей, нерівномірність завантаження наявних виробничих потужностей, збільшення логістичних витрат. Охарактеризовано особливості базових складників економічної безпеки будівельних підприємств, які мають найбільший вплив на конкурентоспроможність. Запропоновано авторський підхід до визначення конфігурації триєдиної складової економічної безпеки підприємства, яка нерозривно поєднує її технологічну, адаптаційну та інформаційну компоненти.
РОЛЬ МІЖНАРОДНОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ У СВІТОВОМУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВІ
Authors: Гаврилюк Іванна
Published: October 2023

Сьогодні зміцнення та налагодження відносин між країнами в усьому світі стає все більш важливим, а міцна взаємодія між ними сприяє розвитку всієї економіки. Потреба компаній у використанні міжнародного маркетингу визначається збільшенням відкритості країн до зовнішніх ринків і необхідністю покращення відносин компаній з цими ринками. Чітко вказано роль і значення міжнародної торгівлі, яка є першочерговим у формуванні зовнішньоекономічних відносин між країнами. Проаналізовано визначення концепції внутрішнього маркетингу як основу для уточнення концепції міжнародного маркетингу. У статті досліджено сутнісні характеристики поняття корпоративної «маркетингової стратегії». Проаналізовано особливості формування корпоративної маркетингової стратегії. Досліджено, що структура маркетингового плану складається з елементів, реалізація яких забезпечує конкурентоспроможність підприємства. Описано основні етапи розробки маркетингової стратегії. . Обґрунтовано сутність та значення маркетингової політики із сторони запровадження управлінських технологій в умовах посилення ресурсних вимог та невизначеності ринкового середовища зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємства. Було доведено, що глобальний маркетинговий успіх компанії демонструється через репутацію бренду її продукції; підкреслюється важливість вивчення національної культури країни, в якій компанія має намір впроваджувати свою продукцію у світовий бізнес.
Pengaruh Moralitas Individu Dan Efektivitas Pengendalian Internal Terhadap Kecurangan Akuntansi Di LPD Kecamatan Kerambitan
Authors: Cipta Dewi Ni Putu Dina Ayu , Padnyawati Kadek Dewi , Arie Pramuki Ni Made Wisni
Published: October 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of individual morality and the effectiveness of internal control on accounting fraud at the Village Credit Institution in Kerambitan District. The population in this study were 90 respondents consisting of the LPD chairman, secretary, treasurer, and LPD supervisory body from 26 LPDs located in Kerambitan District. The analytical technique used in this research is SEM-PLS. The results of this study are individual morality has a positive and significant influence on accounting fraud, the higher the individual's morale, the higher the chance of accounting fraud, allegedly because the respondents involved in this study are still in the pre-processing stage. conventional theory, where according to Kohlberg's moral theory, someone who has individual morality at the preconventional stage, then the opportunity for accounting fraud to occur will be higher. the occurrence of accounting fraud is getting bigger. Allegedly this happened due to the low regulation in an organization (LPD) and the low sanctions given to perpetrators of fraud, so that it did not provide a deterrent effect to the perpetrators.
Analisis Efektivitas Penerapan Sistem Keuangan Desa di Desa Tusan Kecamatan Banjarangkan Kabupaten Klungkung
Authors: Junika Sari Ni Komang Ayu Sindi , Hutnaleontina Putu Nuniek
Published: October 2023

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of implementation of the village financial system "Siskeudes". Managing village finances in Tusan Village, Banjarangkan District, Klungkung Province, using five indicators as measures of Siskeudes effectiveness, including planning, implementation, management, reporting, and accountability. Methods used this study is a qualitative method. Data for this study were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation techniques. As a result of the analysis, 1) introduction of Siskeudes in Tusan village was not effective and not optimal in terms of introduction. This is because Tusan Village has not fully implemented the system and is balancing between handwritten manual reports and Microsoft Excel. 2) The implementation of Siskudes in Tusan village has the problem that not all personnel involved have the same competence and understanding of the operation of system. 3) The low planning capacity of Tusan Village meant that the reporting results of information on implementation of activities carried out by the village were not sufficiently reported due to the lack of planning. 4) The phase of entering financial reports is not ideal. At this stage, Tusan village government still running the reporting phase in manual format, which could lead to financial reporting manipulation and budget abuse.
Giustizia riparativa a Casa Gianni - Open Group. Progetto Kairos C'è dell'altro. Nell'intreccio di narrazioni troviamo l'altro.. troviamo noi stessi
Authors: Brandalise Nadia
Published: October 2023

The article begins by giving a normative framework related to Restorative Justice, a topic contained in the Legislative Decree no. 150 of October 10th 2022, effective as of December 20th 2022, in implementation of Law no. 134 of September 27 2021, delegating to the Government for efficiency of the criminal trial, as well as on Restorative Justice and provision for the expeditious settlement of judicial proceedings.After giving this necessary premise, the article goes on by defining and characterizing the restorative paradigm within its multiple fields of application (not only focusing on the judicial-penal one), and eventually comes to describe a project that informs and sensitizes on the issues of Restorative Justice, which was realized by a therapeutic community from Open Group, a social Cooperative based in Bologna.
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) — Fibrous substrates
Authors: NEWLAND ASHLEY , KHYUM MIRZA MOHAMMAD OMAR , HALAMEK JAN , RAMKUMAR SESHADRI
Published: October 2023

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been implemented during the finishing process of textiles such as upholstery, clothing, personal protective equipment, and sports gear to provide water resistance. Currently, PFAS are still present at quantifiable levels in consumer products and food, even though many companies have started to phase out PFAS treatment with non-toxic water repellant replacements given the possible detrimental health effects suggested by current research. This paper is a detailed review that focuses on how PFAS are implemented in textile production and sources of PFAS contamination during chemical treatments. This review also addresses current legislation on PFAS emissions and trade regulations to decrease exposure of consumers due to toxicokinetics and mechanisms of action throughout the body that are still not well understood. This paper includes a literature review on possible PFAS related health conditions shown from past research and contains suggested toxicity levels, exposure routes, duration, and pathways detailed to the best of our ability.
Filtration efficiency and breathability of selected face masks
Authors: AFOLABI RACHEAL T. , RAMKUMAR SESHADRI
Published: October 2023

Face masks have been used as physical barriers to stop respiratory infections for many years. Due to insufficient and low supply of certified masks, alternative face covers such as face shields, neck gaiters, and fabric reusable masks gained attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, for these alternate face masks to fulfill their intended function, they must be effective. Additionally, the level of breathability provided by the makeshift masks must be at a certain level.
The work reported in this paper was carried out to determine the relationship between filtration efficiency (FE), breathability, and important physical characteristics of mask substrates. The fiber diameter of the core filter layer was determined using a scanning electron microscope. Five types of face masks (two types of N95, two types of surgical masks, and a 100% knitted cotton fabric) were tested for their FE and breathability using moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR). The cotton knitted mask had the lowest FE (5.10%–26.47%), while the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-certified N95 mask had the highest FE values (92.10%–99.65%). However, the cotton mask outperformed the N95 in terms of the pressure drop, meaning higher comfort. In general, the N95 face mask provided the best protection against aerosolized particles.
According to the regression analysis, the fiber diameter of the mask filter substrate serves as an important predictor of FE of mask substrates. In this study, it was confirmed that fiber diameter is inversely related to the filtration ability. Results show that compact structure with finer fibers will enable higher filtration efficiency. The study lends itself to developing layered face masks to obtain optimum filters with good filtration, better fit, and acceptable comfort for the wearer.
The Justifications for Saddam Invading Kuwait and the World Reaction
Authors: Hairi Nur Atika
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This study examines the justification of Saddam in the Gulf War I. After settling the war with Iran, Saddam continues his action with the invasion of Kuwait by Iraqi forces. These actions got many reactions and responses, especially from Arab states, Iran, the Libyan Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), the United States (US), and United Nations (UN). This paper also tends to analyze the reaction towards the violence afflicted Kuwait, the UN’s role to overcome this conflict, as well as the reasons why Saddam invaded Kuwait. The impacts of this war will be highlighted in terms of domestic and global aspects. The highlighted chronology of this war assists the researcher to evaluate and justify the situation of the war as well as the impact on Iraq’s economy, rebellions of ethnics, politics in the Middle East, international economics, and the relationship between Iraq and Iran. This research uses the qualitative method of content analysis. Analysis indicated that the factors behind the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait are closely related to the economic problems after the eight-year war with Iran. Therefore, by invading Kuwait, Saddam Hussein hopes to take a shortcut to immediately recover the poor economic situation in Iraq. However, this step taken by Saddam Hussein was a disaster for Iraq. At the same time, the very slow action of United Nations (UN) to put pressure on this war and insisting Iraq to stop the war, have made things become worse.
 
Abstrak: Kajian ini mengkaji kewajaran Saddam dalam Perang Teluk I. Selepas menyelesaikan perang dengan Iran, Saddam meneruskan tindakannya dengan pencerobohan tentera Iraq ke Kuwait. Tindakan ini mendapat banyak reaksi dan tindak balas terutama daripada negara Arab, Iran, Majlis Perintah Revolusi Libya (RCC), Amerika Syarikat (AS), dan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB). Kajian ini turut menganalisis reaksi terhadap keganasan yang menimpa Kuwait, peranan PBB untuk mengatasi konflik ini dan sebab-sebab Saddam menceroboh Kuwait. Kesan perang ini akan diketengahkan dari segi domestik dan global. Kronologi perang yang ditonjolkan ini membantu penyelidik menilai dan mewajarkan situasi perang serta kesan terhadap ekonomi Iraq, pemberontakan etnik, politik di Timur Tengah, ekonomi antarabangsa, dan hubungan antara Iraq dan Iran. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif analisis kandungan. Analisis menunjukkan bahawa faktor di sebalik pencerobohan Iraq ke atas Kuwait berkait rapat dengan masalah ekonomi selepas perang lapan tahun dengan Iran. Oleh itu, dengan menceroboh Kuwait, Saddam Hussein berharap dapat mengambil jalan pintas untuk segera memulihkan keadaan ekonomi yang lemah di Iraq. Namun, langkah yang diambil oleh Saddam Hussein ini sebenarnya merupakan satu malapetaka bagi Iraq. Manakala, tindakan yang sangat perlahan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu (PBB) untuk memberi tekanan kepada perang ini dan mendesak Iraq menghentikan semua ini telah memburukkan lagi keadaan.
Sejarah “Raja Tua” dan Mengkabong yang Terletak di Pantai Barat Borneo Utara pada Abad ke-18
Authors: Sulaiman Yusry , Tarsat Mosli , Idris Rizal Zamani , Abdullah Mohammad Firdaus
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Terdapat pelbagai versi penceritaan yang dikaitkan dengan asal usul Mengkabong menurut generasi lama yang menetap di Mengkabong secara turun-temurun. Pada tahun 1741, Mengkabong menjadi pengkalan laut utama yang terawal semasa pemerintahan Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I. Antara individu yang bertanggungjawab untuk menjaga keamanan di kawasan Mengkabong ialah Raja Tua. Raja Tua dilantik sebagai ketua panglima tentera laut di Mengkabong. SOAS I telah menitahkan Raja Tua untuk membina pengkalan laut lalu menyerang, membanteras isu golongan pemburu hamba dan menjaga keamanan di Mengkabong. Kajian ini memfokuskan asal-usul dan peranan Raja Tua sebagai ketua panglima tentera laut di Mengkabong. Raja Tua banyak membantu rakyat di Mengkabong semasa pemerintahan SOAS I. Tambahan pula, Raja Tua telah berjaya mengumpul dan menyatukan bala tentera seperti Bajau dan Dusun demi menjaga keamanan di Mengkabong. Raja Tua melatih empat orang anak yang turut membantunya seperti Embo Ilang, Embo Pat, Embo Kudrat dan Embo Anting. Kajian ini menggunakan beberapa sumber primer, sumber sekunder, temu bual, salasilah dan koleksi peribadi untuk membincangkan asal usul dan peranan Raja Tua di Mengkabong. Selain itu, kajian ini menumpukan kajian lapangan bagi melawat lokasi di Mengkabong seperti makam terbiar dan bekas kubu bagi mengukuhkan fakta yang selari mengikut sumber yang dijelaskan berdasarkan sumber arkib dan koleksi peribadi.
Abstract: There are various versions of the storytelling associated with the origins of Mengkabong according to the older generations who settled in Mengkabong for generations. In 1741, Mengkabong became the earliest major naval base during the reign of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin I. Among the individuals who was responsible for maintaining peace in the Mengkabong area is the Raja Tua. Raja Tua was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the navy in Mengkabong. SOAS I has ordered the Raja Tua to build a naval base and attack, eradicate the issue of slave hunters and maintain peace in Mengkabong. This study focuses on the origins and role of the Raja Tua as the commander-in-chief of the navy in Mengkabong. Raja Tua helped the people in Mengkabong during the reign of SOAS I. He managed to gather and unite Bajau and Dusun ethnics and maintained peace in Mengkabong. Raja Tua also trained four of his children named Embo Ilang, Embo Pat, Embo Kudrat and Embo Anting to help him governing Mengkabong. This study uses primary sources, secondary sources, interviews, genealogies and personal collections to discuss the origins and role of the Raja Tua in Mengkabong. In addition, this study also involved fieldwork at Mengkabong to see the abandoned tombs and former forts to strengthen the evidence and facts on Mengkabong.
Kaedah Pendidikan Kerohanian Insan dalam Manuskrip Hidayah al-Salikin
Authors: Hussin Shohana
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan mengemukakan pendekatan kerohanian yang terkandung dalam manuskrip Hidayah al-Salikin sebagai kaedah pendidikan kerohanian insan yang boleh dijadikan asas kepada penyempurnaan pendekatan pendidikan Islam yang sedia ada, disamping mengukuhkan kefahaman pemikiran pendidikan Islam menerusi warisan sejarah keintelektualan ulama Melayu Nusantara. Kaedah pendidikan kerohanian Islam telah di angkat sebagai satu pendekatan pendidikan insan yang berjaya dikemukakan oleh Syeikh Abdul Samad al-Falimbani menerusi manuskrip Hidayah al-Salikin. Khazanah keilmuan ulama Melayu yang terkandung dalam manuskrip ini adalah sesuatu yang perlu diberi perhatian dan dijadikan asas penting kepada usaha memenuhi tuntutan  Falsafah Pendidikan Islam dan Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan kini, yang turut menekankan sentuhan elemen pendidikan yang sama iaitu aspek pembinaan kerohanian  dan emosi insan yang seimbang. Bagi menyempurnakan kajian ini, metodologi kajian kepustakaan menerusi analisis kandungan telah digunakan. Hasil dapatan kajian membentangkan sejumlah kaedah dan pendekatan pendidikan kerohanian insan dalam manuskrip Hidayah al-Salikin yang boleh diterapkan dalam usaha mengembalikan adab kesantunan kepribadian insan berteraskan pendidikan kerohanian Islam sebenar.
 
Abstract: This article aims to present the spiritual approach contained in the Hidayah al-Salikin manuscript as a method of human spiritual education that can be used as a foundation for refining the existing approach to Islamic education, as well as enhancing the understanding of Islamic educational thought through the intellectual legacy of Malay Nusantara scholars. The method of Islamic spiritual education has been accepted as an approach to human education, as presented by Sheikh Abdul Samad al-Falimbani in the Hidayah al-Salikin manuscript. The scholarly treasure of Malay scholars contained in this manuscript must be taken seriously and utilised as an important basis for efforts to meet the requirements of Islamic Education Philosophy and the current National Education Philosophy, both of which emphasise the same educational element, namely the aspect of fostering spirituality and balanced human emotions. The content analysis of the literature review methodology was applied to complete this study. The study found that the Hidayah al-Salikin manuscript contains a variety of ways and approaches that the human spiritual education can be applied to restore the manners of human personality based on the true Islamic spiritual education.
Komponen dalam Pembangunan Model Kurikulum Agro Menurut Perspektif Islam
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Yusuf Marlon
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Pertanian merupakan kerjaya yang memenuhi keperluan ekonomi negara mampu menyelesaikan keperluan masyarakat seperti bekalan daging, sayur-sayuran dan perkara-perkara yang melibatkan penternakan dan pertanian. Sebanyak 551 ayat atau bersamaan 8.8% dari keseluruhan al- Qur’an berkaitan dengan bidang agro. Allah SWT telah memerintahkan manusia agar memakmur dan memajukan bumi ini termasuklah bidang agro. Kertas kerja ini ingin mengenal pasti komponen-komponen penting dalam membangunkan model kurikulum agro menurut perspektif Islam. Metodologi kajian ini adalah berbentuk kualitatif iaitu menggunakan tinjauan  iaitu  kaedah temu  bual.  Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa antara komponen penting dalam membangunkan kurikulum agro menurut perspektif Islam adalah pengurusan kandang, pengurusan induk/anak, pengurusan makanan, pengurusan penyakit/rawatan, pengurusan baja organik dan pengurusan pemasaran. Impak daripada kajian ini akan memberikan gambaran awal terhadap komponen-komponen penting dalam membangunkan kurikulum agro daripada perspektif Islam yang boleh digabungkan dengan bidang lain seperti bidang tahfiz atau sains sosial untuk menaik taraf kehidupan masyarakat di Malaysia.
 
Abstract: Agriculture is a career that meets the needs of the country's economy, able to meet the needs of the community such as the supply of meat demand, vegetables and anything which involve livestock and agriculture. A total of 551 verses or equivalent to 8.8% of the entire Holy Al- Qur'an are related to agriculture. Allah SWT has ordered humans to prosper and develop this world including agro field. This paper wants to identify the important components in developing an agro curriculum model according to the Islamic perspective. The methodology of this study is qualitative, which uses a survey which is an interview method. The results of the study found that among the important components in developing an agro curriculum according to an Islamic perspective are barn  management, parent/offspring management, food management, disease/treatment management, organic fertilizer management and marketing management. The impact of this study will provide an initial overview of the important components in developing an agro curriculum from an Islamic perspective that can be combined with other fields such as the field of tahfiz or social science to upgrade community life in Malaysia.
Kedudukan Ilmu Falsafah dalam Islam Menurut Al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 M)
Authors: Abd. Rahman Kamal Azmi
Published: October 2023

Abstrak: Abū Hamīd al-Ghazālī merupakan ilmuwan Islam yang telah menguasai pelbagai bidang ilmu Pengajian Islam seperti fiqh, akidah, akhlak dan tasawuf. Penulisan Iḥyā’ ʿUlūm al-Dīn yang mengharmonikan cabang-cabang keilmuwan Islam telah membuktikan kesarjanaan al-Ghazālī. Walaupun begitu, beliau juga telah memberikan sumbangan yang signifikan dalam bidang falsafah dan pemikiran. Antara karya beliau dalam bidang falsafah ialah Maqāṣid al-Falāsifah, Tahāfut al-Falāsifah dan al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. Karya-karya tersebut menjelaskan kritikan beliau terhadap falsafah terutamanya falsafah Yunani. Oleh yang demikian, artikel ini akan membincangkan tentang kedudukan falsafah dalam Islam menurut pandangan al-Ghazālī. Penulisan ini akan merujuk kepada karya al-Ghazālī terutamanya autobiografi beliau yang terkenal iaitu al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. Dalam membincangkan tentang kedudukan falsafah dalam Islam, al-Ghazālī telah meletakkan satu neraca pertimbangan yang adil dan berhikmah. Beliau telah memberikan peringatan kepada mereka yang meminati falsafah dan bersikap lunak terhadapnya bahawa terdapat bahaya dalam menerima falsafah secara total, manakala terdapat bahaya menolak falsafah bagi mereka yang lantang mengkritik dan menolak falsafah. Ini kerana menurut al-Ghazālī, terdapat manfaat dalam ilmu falsafah dan pada masa yang sama terdapat mudaratnya. Oleh itu, sikap kritis dan pendekatan berhikmah yang telah dibentangkan oleh al-Ghazālī dalam falsafah ini boleh dijadikan panduan bagi cendiakawan Islam pada hari ini dalam menghadapi ilmu asing terutamanya yang datang daripada Barat.
 
Abstract: Abu Hamīd al-Ghazālī is an Islamic scholar who has studied various fields of Islamic Studies such as fiqh, theology, ethics and sufism. The writing of Iḥyā' ʿUlūm al-Dīn which harmonizes the branches of Islamic science has proved al-Ghazālī’s scholarship. Even so, he has also made significant contributions in the field of philosophy and thought. Among his works in the field of philosophy are Maqāṣid al-Falāsifah, Tahāfut al-Falāsifah and al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. The works explain his criticism of philosophy, especially on the Greek philosophy. Therefore, this article will discuss the position of philosophy in Islam according to al-Ghazālī. This writing will refer to al-Ghazālī’s work, especially his famous autobiography, al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. In discussing the position of philosophy in Islam, al-Ghazālī has put a fair and wise balance of judgment. He has warned those who are interested in philosophy and are lenient towards it that there is a danger in accepting philosophy in total, while there is also a danger in rejecting philosophy for those who loudly criticize and reject philosophy. This is because according to al-Ghazālī, there are benefits in philosophy and at the same time there are harms. Therefore, the critical attitude and wise approach presented by al-Ghazālī in philosophy can be used as a guide for Islamic scholars today in facing foreign knowledge, especially from the West.
Colecistectomía laparoscópica difícil: una revisión del estado del arte
Authors: Mora Ocampo Selena Beslyth , Verdugo Tapia Juan Carlos
Published: October 2023

Introducción. A nivel de Latinoamérica se habla que la enfermedad por cálculos biliares afecta entre el 8.9% y el 27.7% de las personas durante la adultez. Con respecto al Ecuador, se estima que la prevalencia de la colelitiasis es del 10%, siendo más común en mujeres y personas mayores de 50 años. Objetivo. Definir la colecistectomía laparoscópica difícil. Metodología. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo mediante una revisión bibliográfica o conocida también como revisión de la literatura, del tipo narrativa, permitiendo recopilar y analizar información de calidad de diferentes bases de datos de alto impacto. Resultados. La colecistectomía laparoscópica difícil enfrenta obstáculos derivados de condiciones anatómicas y patológicas, como adherencias, anatomía biliar anómala y cálculos grandes. Riesgos incluyen obesidad, cirugías previas e inflamación vesicular aguda. Las estrategias quirúrgicas abarcan abordajes alternativos y herramientas especializadas. Evaluación de estudios indica variabilidad en eficacia y seguridad. Avances tecnológicos, como cirugía robótica y técnicas de imagen avanzadas, están influyendo en la práctica. Identificar riesgos, adaptar enfoques y considerar tecnología prometen mejorar planificación y resultados en esta compleja cirugía. Conclusión. La Colecistectomía Laparoscópica Difícil es una intervención que enfrenta desafíos derivados de condiciones anatómicas y patológicas específicas. La revisión de estrategias y técnicas quirúrgicas, junto con la evaluación de su eficacia y seguridad, proporciona una base sólida para tomar decisiones informadas en la práctica clínica. La identificación de avances tecnológicos y quirúrgicos recientes subraya la importancia de la adaptación constante a la evolución médica y quirúrgica. En última instancia, estas conclusiones apoyan la necesidad de una aproximación individualizada y basada en la evidencia en la colecistectomía laparoscópica difícil, con el objetivo de optimizar los resultados y garantizar la seguridad de los pacientes. Área de estudio general: medicina Área de estudio específica: medicina general
Effects of semen quality on pregnancy rate in artificially inseminated dairy cows
Authors: Hossain MK , Howlader MMR , Alam MGS
Published: October 2023

The study aimed to evaluate the quality of fresh and frozen-thawed semen of five adult Holstein-Friesian crossbred bulls and the pregnancy rate of cows inseminated with frozen semen of those bulls. The fresh semen of breeding bulls collected for artificial insemination (AI) programme in the field was of good quality with volume (6.7 ± 0.2 ml - 8.9 ± 0.5 ml), concentration (904.2 ± 56.4 million/ml), mass activity (3.3 ± 0.2-3.6 ± 0.2), total motility (77.0 ± 1.1% – 92.1 ± 0.6%), progressive motility (67.0 ± 1.2% – 87.4 ± 0.6%) and semen viability (73.0 ± 0.6% to 85.4 ± 0.7%). The computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) results showed that diluted pre-freezing semen had good sperm total motility (50.1 ± 3.8 % to 59.0 ± 4.7%), progressive motility (30.0 ± 1.2%-39.0 ± 1.6%), the velocity traits of straight linear velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL) and average path velocity (VAP) of sperm ranged from 48.0 ± 1.3 - 71.3 ± 0.7 μm/s,118.1 ± 2.8-181.3 ± 10.9 μm/s and 68.4 ± 2.5 to 91.0 ± 2.9 μm/s, respectively. Bull 1 showed significantly higher VSL (71.3 ± 0.7 μm/s), VCL (181.3 ± 10.9 μm/s) and VAP (91.0 ± 2.9 μm/s) compared to others. Viability of frozen-thawed semen was lower in Bull 5 (73.0 ± 1.71%) compared to others. Although in frozen-thawed semen these parameters declined, the semen was sufficiently good to be used in AI in the field. The overall pregnancy rate using frozen semen was 55.6% and the highest pregnancy rate (62%) was in cows that were inseminated with frozen semen of Bull 1, but the differences between bulls was not significant. The pregnancy rate had positive correlation with sperm count, total motility, progressive motility, VCL, VSL, VAP, amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), beat cross frequency (BCF), linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), sperm viability. In artificially inseminated cows, the intensity of oestrus of cows, timing of AI, site of semen deposition and season had a significant effect on pregnancy rate. In conclusion, the fresh and frozen-thawed semen of breeding bulls supplied in North-East Bangladesh for AI programme were good quality. Heat detection and insemination timing need to be improved to increase the pregnancy rate.

Bangl. vet. 2022. Vol. 39, No. 1-2, 1–15
Management of pregnancy failure in cows with vaginal stimulation and hormone therapy
Authors: Biswas S , Swarna M , Biswas D , Paul AK
Published: October 2023

The focus of this study is to improve the pregnancy rate of cattle using different interventions with the analysis of associated risk factors. A total of 180 cows with pregnancy failure after one insemination were selected, which showed normal oestrous behaviour and vaginal mucus discharge. The animals were divided into six groups: A [control: with only Artificial Insemination (AI)]; B [penis-like device (PLD) used after AI]; C [intramuscular injection (im) of 2 ml prostaglandin-F2α at day 7 of the oestrous cycle and AI at observed oestrus], D [AI at natural oestrus followed by 2.5 ml GnRH im, repeated 4-6h after AI], group E [As group C and PLD used after AI], group F [as D and PLD used after AI]. The overall pregnancy was 55.6%. Group F had the highest pregnancy rate (70.0%). Higher pregnancy rates were in older animals of more than 4.6 years of age with parity of more than two. A significant correlation was found between age and parity; age and Artificial Insemination Technician (AIT); Body Condition Score (BCS) and breed; Reproductive Health (RH) and AIT. It is suggested that the use of hormonal treatments (with or without PLD) improved the pregnancy rate in cattle.

Bangl. vet. 2022. Vol. 39, No. 1-2, 16–25
EUROPEAN STANDARDS OF THE RIGHTS OF THE PARTIES TO THE CASE IN THE APPLICATION OF CIVIL ACTION ENFORCEMENT MEASURES AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: ROSŁOŃ DOMINIKA , LUKIANCHENKO DANYLO , ZLENKO SERHII , KULIBABA OLEKSANDR , AKIMOV OLEKSANDR , AKIMOVA LIUDMYLA
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the problems of applying in practice the civil procedural institution of securing a claim, the possibility of its extension to a wide range of circumstances. The grounds for interim measures satisfied by the court, as well as the issues of proving the need for their application in Ukraine and the EU countries, are highlighted. It is shown that although the institution of securing a claim contributes to the creation of optimal conditions for the real protection of the rights and legitimate interests of persons in civil proceedings, and namely the institution of securing a claim acts as a guarantee of the execution of a court decision, one cannot consider the meaning and essence of the definition of “interim measures” separately from such a fundamental concept as “a measure (form) of state coercion”, and the proportionality of the type of security is aimed mainly at protecting the rights of persons against whom measures are taken to secure a claim. The powers of the court to secure a claim in the civil process of Ukraine and the EU are considered, the current doctrinal provisions regarding the grounds and procedural order for securing a claim are analyzed, attention is focused on the essence of the discretionary powers of the court when taking measures to secure a claim. It is concluded that the application of measures to secure a claim should take place if there are grounds for this and justifications for the specified circumstances, taking into account the judicial practice of the EU countries as part of the need for judicial reform in Ukraine in the direction of ensuring its compliance with EU standards for potential member states.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF A MUSICIAN-PERFORMER
Authors: SAPSOVYCH OLEKSANDRA , ZHENYU LIANG , ZIYU LI , YANFEI LI , ZHICHAO LI
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the research presented in the article is to reveal some features of the differentiation and integration of emotions in music and musical performing activities. The article reveals the multifaceted nature of the psychological concepts of “emotional intelligence” in relation to musical performing creativity. An attempt is made to search for the significance of the development of emotional intelligence in achieving the unity of technical and artistic-imaginative, logical-constructive and emotional-sensual, reflective and intuitive, reproductive and creative principles in musical and instrumental performance. It is shown that in the conditions of musical performance, emotional intelligence receives a specific refraction, determined by the characteristics of musical and artistic activity. This is manifested in the development of such qualities as managing own emotions, self-motivation, empathy, etc.
High-flow nasal oxigénterápia alkalmazása Covid-19-pneumonia okozta légzési elégtelen betegek kezelésében az intenzív osztályon kívül
Authors: Szántó Árpád , Rodek Gyula , Falvai Ádám , Czigány Gréta
Published: October 2023

Bevezetés és célkitűzés – Jelentős mennyiségű szakirodalom foglalkozik a Covid-19 okozta légzési elégtelenség kezelésében a high-flow nasal oxigénterá pia (HFNO) előnyeivel. Mindazonáltal az intenzív osztályon kívüli alkalmazásáról szóló tanulmányok száma jóval kevesebb. Jelen tanulmány célja a Covid-19 okozta légzési elégtelen betegek HFNO-val, nem intenzív osztályos körülmények között történt kezelési eredményeinek értékelése, illetve három hasonló tematikájú nemzetközi és egy hazai tanulmánnyal történő össze hasonlítása. Módszer – Ezen retrospektív kohorsztanulmányba 2021. március 16. és 2021. május 31. között, a Tolna Megyei Balassa János Kórház Fertőző Osztályának Őrző Kór termeiben kezelt, Covid-19 okozta tüdőgyulladásban szenvedő légzési elégtelen betegeket (n = 47) válogattuk be. A HFNOterápia megkezdésének kizáró kritériumai az alacsony GCS (<13), intenzív terápiát igénylő többszervi elégtelenség és a hypercapnia (paCO2 > 50 Hgmm) volt. Kigyűjtöttük a vizsgálatban részt vevő betegek általános demográfiai adatait, továbbá értékeltük a kezelés kimeneteleit és a mortalitást. Összehasonlítottuk a kezelés időtartamát és az átlag kórházi tartózkodási napok számát, a többi nem HFNO-val kezelt beteg esetén összegyűlt ápolási napok számával a vizsgálat időtartama és a járvány előző hulláma alatt. Eredmények – A betegek átlagéletkora 66 év volt (medián: 67). A HFNO-kezelés ideje átlagban 6,829 nap volt, mely a 47 beteg esetében ez összesen 321 napnyi kezelési napot jelent. A betegek 45%-át otthonába lehetett bocsátani, 25%-át intenzív osztályra kellett helyezni invazív lélegeztetés szükségessége miatt, melynek eldöntésében a national early warning score (NEWS) pontrendszer módosított változatának alkalmazása segített. A kezelés alatti mortalitás 30% volt. Az intenzív osztályra áthelyezett betegek mortalitása elérte a 83%-ot. Következtetés – Másik három nemzetközi és egy hazai tanulmánnyal összevetve, illetve saját tapasztalataink alapján súlyos Covid-19 okozta nem hypercapniával társuló légzési elégtelen betegek kezelésében a HFNO hatékonynak bizonyult, mivel a betegek visszajelzései és az ápolási dokumentáció alapján növelte a betegkomfortot a konvencionális oxigénterápiás eszközökkel szemben. Összehasonlítva az előző hullám adataival lecsökkentette az átlag kezelési napok számát, illetve tehermentesíteni tudta az intenzív osztályt.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 using a laboratory-developed ultra-fast NextGenPCR test versus a conventional RT-PCR test
Authors: Čurová Katarína , Lovayová Viera , Nagyová Mária , Siegfried Leonard , Donič Viliam , de Vos Gert
Published: October 2023

The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is considered the gold standard method for the detection of viruses in a clinic. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of conventional RT-PCR test (FTDTM SARS-CoV-2 Test) and laboratory-developed ultra-fast PCR test (NextGenPCRTM SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Reagent Kit) to detect the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. A total of 318 nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected from people under investigation for COVID-19. Despite the collection of two swab specimens from each patient and their different processing, the analysis showed an overall agreement of 95.9% between the conventional and laboratory-developed tests. The positive percentage agreement was 90.5% (114/126) and the negative percentage agreement was 99.5% (191/192). The ultra-fast NextGenPCR method does not require the isolation of RNA, provides a result of 20–96 specimens within 57–82 min after sampling, and offers a simple procedure of sample processing, analysis, and evaluation. Our results indicate that this method can be considered a potential diagnostic method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitals, healthcare facilities, and research laboratories.
Advancements in the synergy of isothermal amplification and CRISPR-cas technologies for pathogen detection
Authors: Mao Xiaolei , Xu Minghui , Luo Shuyin , Yang Yi , Zhong Jiaye , Zhou Jiawei , Fan Huayan , Li Xiaoping , Chen Zhi
Published: October 2023

In the realm of pathogen detection, isothermal amplification technology has emerged as a swift, precise, and sensitive alternative to conventional PCR. This paper explores the fundamental principles of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and recombinase-aid amplification (RAA) and reviews the current status of integrating the CRISPR-Cas system with RPA/RAA techniques. Furthermore, this paper explores the confluence of isothermal amplification and CRISPR-Cas technology, providing a comprehensive review and enhancements of existing combined methodologies such as SHERLOCK and DETECTR. We investigate the practical applications of RPA/RAA in conjunction with CRISPR-Cas for pathogen detection, highlighting how this integrated approach significantly advances both research and clinical implementation in the field. This paper aims to provide readers with a concise understanding of the fusion of RPA/RAA and CRISPR-Cas technology, offering insights into their clinical utility, ongoing enhancements, and the promising prospects of this integrated approach in pathogen detection.