bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ways to optimize the risk communication between specialists on radiation safety and population: recommendations on communication language
Authors: Arkhagelskaya Genrietta V. , Zelentsova Svetlana A.
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the features inherent in the language of communication of specialists in radiation safety among themselves and with the public. Despite the confidence expressed by the population to specialists, their communication is difficult not only for organizational reasons, but also for their languages of communication. The population best understands the language not of the source of information on radiation safety issues (specialists), but of the transmitter of this information – journalists. It is necessary to take into account the difference in the tasks of specialists and journalists in conveying information to the population on the urgent problems of radiation safety, in particular, projects of the nuclear industry. It is shown that taking into account the peculiarities of the language characteristic of the population (or any of its groups) helps in a large degree to optimize information support for risk communication of the population on radiation safety issues. This is necessary for the development of an adequate attitude to the work of the nuclear industry. The article also considers the stages of risk- communication and the factors contributing to its optimization.
Trends in the doses of the population of the Russian Federation in 2003–2018
Authors: Barkovsky Anatoly N. , Bratilova Anzhelika A. , Kormanovskaya Tatyana A. , Akhmatdinov Ruslan R. , Akhmatdinov Rustam R.
Published: January 2020

In the last years radiation-hygienic passportization and Joint state system of control and accounting of the individual doses of the citizens have become a trusted source of the validated data on the state of the radiation safety in the Russian Federation and have become the basis of the Russian system of the information provision of the radiation safety. Annual analysis of that data is presented in the annual information bulletin “Doses of the population of the Russian Federation”. The current study is focused on the analysis of the data from the information bulletins to evaluate the trends in the doses of the Russian population from main sources of ionizing exposure in 2003–2018. It is indicated that the mean annual doses from man-made exposure of the group A staff in that period varies from 1,0–1,4 mSv per year, group B – 0,65–0,8 mSv per year. The number of exceedances of the annual dose limits from group A staff varied from 5 to 52 per year; for group B – 0–22 per year. For the whole investigated period there were only three cases of the exceedance of the 50 mSv annual individual dose for group A staff and four cases of the exceedance of the 12,5 mSv annual effective dose for group B staff. Mean effective dose per X-ray examination in 2006–2013 was decreasing from 0,56 mSv to 0,26 mSv and started to slowly increase leading to 0,29 mSv in 2018. The same trends were identified for the mean dose from medical exposure per citizen: reduction in 2003-2013 from 0,86 mSv to 0,45 mSv with the subsequent increase up to 0,56 mSv. The biggest contributor for the dose from medical exposure is computed tomography: the number of CT examinations increased from 1,3 mln in 2003 to 11,7 mln in 2018; contribution to the collective dose – from 5,7% to 54%. Mean annual effective doses from natural exposure of the population of the Russian regions varied from 1,6 to 15,1 mSv per year with the mean value for Russia of 3,11 – 3,79 mSv/year. The highest mean annual doses exceeding 5 mSv in each year were observed in Republic of Altay, Jewish Independent Region, Stavropol and Zabaikalskiy Krai, Republic of Tyva and Irkutsk region. Total effective doses exceeding 10 mSv/year were observed in Republic of Altay and Jewish Independent Region. For ten subjects of the Russain Federation (Republics of Buryatia, Altay, Tyva, Stavropol and Zabaikalskiy Krai, Irkutsk and Chita regions, Jewish Independent Region, Aginsko-Buryatskiy and Ust’-Ordinskiy independent districts) they exceed 5 mSv/year for the whole assessed period.
Spatial-temporal evaluation of water quality in Brazilian semiarid reservoirs
Authors: Rossiter Karina Waleska Lopes , Marques Erika Alves Tavares , de Oliveira Cláudia Ricardo , Matta Elena , Morais Maria Manuela Queiroz Martins Mantero
Published: January 2020

Reservoirs are used in the Brazilian semiarid for human supply, power generation, irrigated agriculture and more recently, intensive fish farming, the Sobradinho reservoir being the largest of this region. In the last decade, the semiarid region has suffered a strong drought, in opposite direction to the increasing demand of multiple water uses. The present work aims to study the spatial-temporal variation of water quality in two reservoirs in the Brazilian semiarid region (Sobradinho and Itaparica reservoirs). For this, samples were collected in the dry and wet periods between 2011 and 2014, and the results were analyzed through boxplot charts and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). For both reservoirs, our results showed that the PCAs did not evidence a specific seasonal change in the water quality characteristics, distinguishing the wet and dry periods through the four years studied. A clear temporal pattern was detected in both reservoirs, with higher values of turbidity, dissolved oxygen and total phosphorus in the wet period and higher values of pH and alkalinity in the dry period. An upstream reduction of nutrients and turbidity was not found in this study, as is reported in literature for consecutive reservoirs, probably due to the irrigation and aquaculture activities, mainly in Itaparica reservoir.
Infracciones penales en espacios transfronterizos. El narcotráfico en la provincia del Tamarugal, Chile
Authors: Corder Tapia Alejandro , Ruiz Tagle Viena
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo da cuenta de la situación del narcotráfico en la provincia del Tamarugal durante los años 2003 a 2010 a través del análisis de estadísticas delictivas de instituciones de control penal (Ministerio Público y Gendarmería) y policiales (Carabineros y Policía de Investigaciones de Chile). El análisis de la situación del narcotráfico se hace situando la problemática del tráfico de drogas en el contexto internacional de la globalización y de la emergencia de espacios de frontera que no responden necesariamente a la definición tradicional de los Estadosnación. El trabajo se propone situar esta problemática delictual en los procesos de orden mundial, atendiendo a las características específicas de la región de Tarapacá y su condición de espacio transfronterizo, así como al contexto regional y los esfuerzos de orden internacional por controlar el tráfico ilegal de estupefacientes.
Consecuencias de las políticas neoliberales en los mercados laborales de Estados Unidos y Alemania
Authors: Casais Padilla Enrique
Published: January 2020

Desde la década de 1970, las principales economías capitalistas presentan una crisis de rentabilidad que motivó al capital internacional a buscar alternativas de rendimiento. Con el objetivo de maximizar las tasas de ganancia, entre otras medidas, se proponen reformas en los mercados laborales. Esta estrategia se inicia en Estados Unidos y es rápidamente secundada por gobiernos latinoamericanos y por el Reino Unido. En Alemania este proceso tarda en imponerse unos años, debido principalmente a aspectos políticos, como la presencia de sindicatos laborales fuertemente organizados y la existencia de la extinta Unión Soviética, que ejercía un contrapoder real a la hegemonía estadunidense. El artículo aborda las consecuencias socio-económicas de las reformas laborales en Estados Unidos y Alemania, que principalmente impusieron contenciones salariales y el deterioro de la calidad de vida de la mayoría de los trabajadores unido a importantes aumentos de la desigualdad.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE FEATHER MITE GENUS CALCEALGES GAUD, 1952 (ACARIFORMES: TROUESSARTIIDAE) FROM THE LOWLAND TINY GREENBUL PHYLLASTREPHUS DEBILIS (PASSERIFORMES: PYCNONOTIDAE): MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTIONS WITH DNA BARCODE DATA
Authors: Dabert Jacek , Bąkowski Marek
Published: January 2020

A new species Calcealges bochkovi sp. n. (Astigmata: Analgoidea) is described from the lowland tiny greenbul Phyllastrephus debilis (Sclater) from Mozambique. This species is close to C. gyroplax Gaud et Mouchet, 1957 described from African bulbuls. Both sexes of these species are very similar in general body shape: in particular, in the form of the epimerites and of the opisthosomal lobes, as well as in the shape of the dorsal shields. The main diagnostic feature of the new species is the striation of dorsal shields, especially pronounced on the prodorsum (in C. gyroplax, these shields lack striae and they are uniformly dotted). The standard morphological description is supplemented by the COI barcode data.
A NEW SYRINGOPHILID MITE (ACARIFORMES: SYRINGOPHILIDAE) FROM MANAKINS (PASSERIFORMES: PIPRIDAE) IN PANAMA
Authors: Skoracki Maciej , Mironov Sergey V. , Bermúdez Sergio
Published: January 2020

A new quill mite species, Syringophilopsis bochkovi sp. n. (Acariformes: Syringophilidae), is described from two species of manakins (Passeriformes: Pipridae), Corapipo altera (type host) and Manacus vitellinus collected in Panama. Females of the new species differ from those of morphologically similar S. nitens Skoracki et Dabert, 2001 by the following features: the total body length is 960–1,010 µm (vs. 1,265–1,285 µm in S. nitens); the dorsal shields (propodonotal, hysteronotal and pygidial) and coxal fields I–IV are apunctate (vs. all these sclerites are punctate); each lateral branch of the peritremes has 11 chambers (vs. 13 chambers); and the lengths of dorsal idiosomal setae d2 and e2 are 330–350 and 330–370 µm, respectively (vs. 390–400 and 420–460 µm). Syringophilopsis bochkovi represents the first record of the family Syringophilidae on passerines of the family Pipridae.
Mathematical models forecasting the transformation of the tax path of large russian companies
Authors: Bannova Kristina A. , Aktaev Nurken E. , Tyurina Yulia G.
Published: January 2020

Digital technologies have changed the relationship between the society and business entities, taxpayers and the state. Ceteris paribus, the ability to effectively manage financial flows and make administrative decisions depends on the correct and established interaction between the state and taxpayers.
This study aims to form and develop a taxpayer’s understanding of the digital age with all its features and opportunities for information and communication technologies, including mathematical modeling methods that form the basis of the digital economy for building and sustaining business development, improving the systemic vision of business processes. The research hypothesis is that the further development of economic entities management in the digital context, as well as the coordination of these entities’ interests, is possible only in the partnership of the key economic participants, with the taxpayer at the forefront. That will allow identifying the areas for improving tax trajectories.
Using polynomial approximation, the authors have obtained the models of tax trajectories of companies that allow predicting tax burden. The data for approximations are obtained using the previously constructed mathematical model of the optimal tax path. The main input data of the model are fixed assets and human resources, the totality of which form the production function.
The analysis of the transformation of tax paths shows ways for achieving a balance of interests between both the state and the taxpayers. Finding this balance will help to overcome the crisis of confidence in the authorities, the development of adaptability and creativity of Russian society to new tax changes. A number of parameters determines the scale of this task. They include the complexity of the object of study, the long-term and multi-aspect nature of the impact which modeling the digital economy has on adaptation to the new digital realities of the state and taxpayers, as well as the absence of significant analogues of the solution to this problem in global and Russian economics.
Conceptual scheme of the analytical system of migration management based on the interests of the key territorial stakeholders
Authors: Aitova Julia S. , Nizamutdinov Marsel M.
Published: January 2020

Development of the national economy is determined by the dynamics of socio-economic processes in its regions. At the same time, a high level of territorial differentiation by a significant number of parameters can lead to increased social unrest, exacerbation of contradictions between the center and regions, the city and the rural periphery, and population conurbation in large cities. One of the key factors in the country development is human capital, in particular, its territorial distribution. The current trends of population resettlement in unregulated migration conditions determine the feasibility of implementing measures to manage migration processes in the framework of migration and economic state policy. In our opinion, migration is presented not only as a social process, but also more as an economic process because of the movement of labor resources, their professional knowledge and skills, consumers, financial resources of the population and other economic components. In this context, management involves creating the conditions for attracting the population in the territory that experiences a deficit of labor and other resources. In this regard, there is a need for systematization and generalization of knowledge about the mutual influence of migration and economic development and the formulation of a generalizing concept. Within the framework of this concept, migration management will allow taking into account the interests of all the interested parties — an individual, businesses, localities, (city, village, and region), and the macro-system (country, global territory). Effective tools for managing the territorial system and, in particular, migration processes today should include modern information analysis systems and methods based on simulation modeling among others. In this aspect, the patterns of migration, their impact on the economy, as well as the population, its types and structure, demographic behavior are considered in the studies of both Russian and Western economists. In particular, the authors study it in the framework of developing an impact model of the human capital transformation on the spatial and economic development of the territorial systems, involving the creation of appropriate model tools. An important structural element of this toolkit is the control unit for migration processes because of realization of stakeholder’s interests of the territory. The proposed conceptual approach to the development of migration management information system will provide information support in the development of practical measures in the implementation of migration and demographic policy at the regional level.
Excerpts from the biography of Michael Brody — an environmental scientist
Authors: Khuziakhmetov Roman R. , Andrianova Elena V.
Published: January 2020

This article views the problems of climate change and environmental pollution through the perception of an expert — Michael Brody, a professor at the American University in Washington. He has worked in the US Environmental Protection Agency for many years. Having vast research background in Russia, Ukraine, Central and Middle Asia, he touches upon several issues: the pragmatic approach to nature protection; the multi-disciplinary and strategically oriented character of contemporary higher education; the roles of economy and sociology in the environmental science; and the necessity of going beyond the desires of university professors when dealing with global problems.
His attention focuses on socio-economic consequences of climate change for Western Siberia and different means of adapting to them. The rise of mid-annual air temperature in this region, which, although, might be viewed as a benefit of global warming, still inevitably leads to the change of hydrological regime. That in turn may affect the perspectives of agriculture development and food security provision.
This article covers the research methodologies of leading nature-protecting organizations to develop effective regulative measures, preserving the environment. The contemporary Russian system of climate change and nature pollution control is based on the achievements of the Soviet experience, yet it attempts to become more economically relevant, which will allow the government to carry out their strategic policy.
Michael Brody’s biography, presented here, is complemented with references to the works of other researchers who have worked on these issues.
Information support of geoinformation modeling of spatial development (the case of the TASED in the Khabarovsk Territory)
Authors: Stroev Pavel V. , Kashin Vladimir K. , Pivovarova Olga V. , Reshetnikov Stanislav B. , Lapenkova Natalia V.
Published: January 2020

This article attempts to solve the problem of systematizing and structuring of the information base in relation to the activities of spatial structures on the example of the cities of Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur, which host the territories of advanced social and economic development (TASED). Collecting, storing, analyzing and visualizing the spatial data and related information has required using geographic information system (GIS). To ensure its correct functioning, it is necessary to form an information base of socio-economic indicators (the principles of their selection are explained).
The results show that contemporary Russia lacks unified approaches, a legally approved methodology for assessing the effectiveness of TASED activities, and an information base. As part of the creation of the information basis of GIS-model of spatial development centers for the formation of a pool of indicators, the authors have analyzed the results of socio-economic development of Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur and the corresponding TASED Khabarovsk and Komsomolsk. According to the results of the analysis, the following areas and indicators were determined: the geographical location of the territory and logistics conditions, the level of value added redistribution, population, labor market, wages, the volume of shipped goods of own production, investments in fixed assets, the budget of the municipality.
The authors prove that the formed information base is sufficient for building a GIS model, and it allows to describe the key parameters of the processes in the context of the Russian regions and cities which employ TASED to develop these cities as centers of spatial development, and meets the requirements with integrity and consistency.
Financial behavior and behavioral finance: differences and similarities
Authors: Danilova Elena P. , Muydinov Mukhammadsardor A. ugli
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the analysis of the foreign literature representatives’ theoretical approaches towards studying the financial behavior and behavioral finance. The purpose of this work is to develop ideas about financial behavior, as well as to identify the similarities and differences between aspects of financial behavior and behavioral finance. The topicality of the article takes place in the insufficient elaboration of theoretical aspects of financial behavior, when in the contemporary conditions, the researchers outside of Russia started studying the concept of financial behavior and behavioral finance simultaneously in three sciences: psychology, sociology, and finance. As a result, it becomes necessary to study the specifics of financial behavior and behavioral finance. The goal of the study required a comparative analysis between the concepts of financial behavior and behavioral finance, as well as asidentification of similarities and differences.
The results of the analysis show that financial behavior, being one of the types of economic behavior, is any human behavior that is related to the money management. The financial behavior is inherent in the subjects of both of the schools traditional and behavioral finance. The former, during the money management, rely on the rationality, while the latter — on the irrationality. In turn, behavioral finance is an interdisciplinary subject based on theories and methods of research from a wide range of decision-making areas, such as psychology, sociology, and finance. Financial behavior is an object of study simultaneously on several sciences, including economics, sociology, psychology, and behavioral finance among others. The similarity between financial behavior and behavioral finance lies in the fact that both concepts relate to the subject’s behavior, and they both are the subject of several areas of study, such as financial, sociological, and psychological theory.
Ionic Liquid-assisted Preparation of Two-dimensional ZnO/Fe3O4 Nano-composites and their Application in Polysubstituted Pyrroles Synthesis
Authors: Karami Hossein , Sabbaghan Maryam , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Rostami-Charati Faramarz
Published: January 2020

Aim and Objective:

Ionic liquids are a suitable medium for stabilization and
preparation of catalytic systems.

Materials and Methods:

The two-dimensional (2D) ZnO/Fe3O4 nanocomposites were synthesized
using ionic liquid [OMIM]Br as a stabilizer and soft template. The nanocomposites were
characterized via FTIR, XRD, VSM and SEM analysis.

Results:

The catalytic activity of these composites was evaluated using a multicomponent reaction
of primary amines, acetylacetone, and 2-bromoacetophenone.

Conclusion:

2D ZnO/Fe3O4 as a recyclable and green catalyst showed excellent catalytic
performance for the preparation of poly-substituted pyrroles.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Artocarpus hirsutus Seed Extract and its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Shobana Sampath , Veena Sunderam , Sameer S.S.M. , Swarnalakshmi K. , Vishal L.A.
Published: January 2020

Aims:

To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Artocarpus hirsutus mediated seed extract for
nanoparticle synthesis.

Background:

Gastrointestinal bacteria are known for causing deadly infections in humans. They also
possess multi-drug resistance and interfere with clinical treatments. Applied nanotechnology has been
known to combat such infectious agents with little interference from their special attributes. Here we
synthesize silver nanoparticles from Artocarpus hirsutus seed extract against two gastro-intestinal bacterial
species: Enterobacter aerogenes and Listeria monocytogenes.

Objective:

To collect, dry, and process seeds of Artocarpus hirsutus for nanoparticle synthesis. To
evaluate the morphological interaction of silver nanoparticles with bacteria.

Methods:

Artocarpus hirsutus seeds were collected and processed and further silver nanoparticles were
synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using
XRD, UV, FTIR, and SEM. These nanoparticles were employed to study the antibacterial activity of
nanoparticles against Enterobacter aerogenes and Listeria monocytogenes using well diffusion method.
Further, morphological interaction of silver nanoparticles on bacteria was studied using SEM.

Result:

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Artocarpus hirsutus seed extract and characterization
studies confirmed that silver nanoparticles were spherical in shape with 25-40 nm size. Antibacterial
study exhibited better activity against Enterobacter aerogenes with a maximum zone of inhibition
than on Listeria monocytogenes. SEM micrographs indicated that Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria
were more susceptible to silver nanoparticles due to the absence of cell wall. Also, the size and charge
of silver nanoparticles enable easy penetration of the bacterial cell wall.

Conclusion:

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the seed extract of Artocarpus
hirsutus for the first time exploiting the fact that Moraceae species have high phytonutrient content
which aided in nanoparticle synthesis. This nanoparticle can be employed for large scale synthesis
which when coupled with the pharmaceutical industry can be used to overcome the problems associated
with conventional antibiotics to treat gastrointestinal bacteria.
The Frequency and Risk Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Recurrence Among Jordanian Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Tabanjeh Sinan F. , Hyassat Dana , Jaddou Hashem , Younes Nidal A. , Robert Asirvatham A. , Ajlouni Kamel
Published: January 2020

Background:

Diabetic foot is a major public health problem and their complications are an imperative cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes.

Objective:

To evaluate the rate of recurrence of foot ulcers post two years of follow-up, including the associated risk factors in the patients attending the diabetic foot clinic at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics (NCDEG), Amman, Jordan.

Methods:

A historical cohort design was adopted for the patients who presented for the first time to the diabetic foot clinic at the NCDEG. Every patient who came to the clinic was reviewed by using his or her medical files with respect to diabetic foot-related complaints. Patients were classified under four categories: (1) Recurrent foot ulcers (2) chronic foot ulcer (3) free of recurrence, and (4) no foot ulcers. Among the four groups, group 1 (recurrent foot ulcers, n=76) and group 3 (free of recurrence, n=54) were included for the analysis.

Results:

Among the 141 patients who presented to the diabetic foot clinic during the two-year study period, 76 (53.9%) of them experienced ulcer recurrences, 54 (38.3%) were recurrence-free, and 11 (7.8%) had chronic ulceration. The two-year recurrence rate was 58.5%. The presence of deformity and osteomyelitis were the statistically significant independent risk factors for recurrent foot ulceration.

Conclusion:

This study of recurrences was clearly related to the type and complications of the ulcers rather than to the other variables. Recurrent foot ulceration is linked to the presence of osteomyelitis and/or deformities.
Patient Perception of Musculoskeletal MR: A Survey Research
Authors: Belloni Elena , Tentoni Stefania , Puci Mariangela Valentina , Bortolotto Chandra , Bottinelli Olivia , Cellina Michaela , Gibelli Daniele , Rosti Cristina , Oliva Giancarlo , Montomoli Cristina , Preda Lorenzo , Calliada Fabrizio , Scagnelli Paola
Published: January 2020

Background:

When undergoing magnetic resonance (MR) exams, patients need to lie
still in a noisy and enclosed environment for a long time. This condition, together with the anxiety
burden related to the possible implications of the scan results, can entail a diagnostic outcome of
poor quality.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the personal perception and experience of adult
patients undergoing unenhanced musculoskeletal MR.

Methods:

Consecutive outpatients undergoing unenhanced MR of spine, knee or shoulder were
asked to respond to a 10-item questionnaire at the end of the exam.

Results:

263 patients (54% males, mean age 50.6 ±15.8 years, range 18-83 years) completed the
questionnaire. Patients declared that the most disturbing elements of the exam were forced immobility
and noise (30% in both cases). Females perceived significantly higher degree of anxiety
than males (56% vs. 21%, p<0.001). Exam duration was correctly perceived by 83% of the population.
Patients’ satisfaction was generally high (mean above 9 over 10).

Conclusion:

Explanations and clarifications given before the exam were considered satisfactory
by the patients. Despite some negative aspects such as noise, immobility and anxiety especially in
females, patients’ satisfaction with our service was high, as well as the willingness to return.
33rd European Congress of the International Union against for Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI-Europe): a Urologist`s Point of View
Authors: Krakhotkin D. V.
Published: January 2020

The article presents a report of the 33rd European Congress of the International Union against for Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI-Europe) from September 5 to 7, 2019, as well as an advanced course on sexually transmitted infections in the framework of the Congress (IUSTI -Europe advanced course) from September 4 to 5 in Tallinn, Estonia. This article will also highlight some important points about the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections, as well as the problems of resistance of the main causative agents of STIs to standard therapy, which were voiced by various experts in their presentations, lectures during round tables, plenary sessions and symposia both during the advanced course of IUSTI-Europe, and during the main congress.

The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenol Content from Leaves of Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff.
Authors: Mahardika Robby Gus , Roanisca Occa
Published: January 2020

Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff. is a species of the Myrtaceae family and has been widely used by people of Bangka Belitung as a traditional medicine to reduce cholesterol, gastric pains, and improve cardiac performance. Extraction methods are the crucial efficacy of herbal medicine. The conventional method, like maceration, takes a long time. In this study, the leaves of Tristaniopsis merguensis were extracted using Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) to reduce extraction time. The extraction using MARS (Microwave Accelerated Reaction System) 6 by CEM Corporation with time variation times of 5, 10, 15, 30 min with temperature of 60, 80, 100oC at 1200 W. The yield using acetone extraction of Tristaniopsis merguensis leaves increases with time and temperature. The extraction dependent on solvent extraction, polar solvent like ethanol, and methanol were higher than semi-polar solvents like acetone and ethyl acetate. The polyphenol content of acetone extract using MAE (10 min, 80oC) was found to be 234.67 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent per gram (GAE/g); it was higher than acetone extract using maceration. The phytochemical results show there are no difference in the active compound using MAE and maceration, i.e. alkaloids, tannin, and flavonoids. Yield extraction, time, and phytochemical results of MAE are more favorable than a maceration.
Influence of Ethanol Concentration and Template Ion Exchange Agent on Template Recycling in Mobil Crystalline Material 41 (MCM-41) Synthesis
Authors: Lai Jia Yen , Ngu Lock Hei , Twaiq Farouq
Published: January 2020

Recycling of surfactant template for several subsequent MCM-41 synthesis is necessary to reduce substantial synthesis solution disposal. In MCM-41 synthesis, ethanol concentration and template ion exchange agent are two significant factors that affect the silicate polymerization, solvating effect on micelles formation, and MCM-41 mesostructure formation. In view of that, this study investigates recycling of surfactant template ions in extract solution in Mobil Crystalline Material 41 (MCM-41) synthesis. Effect of the ethanol concentrations in the solution gel and the types of ion exchange agents on the yield of MCM-41 material and its surface morphology were studied. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide was used as template for MCM-41 synthesis using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica reagent with ethanol-water mixture as solvent at different ethanol concentrations. Template ions of synthesis gel was exchanged with an ion exchange agent (i.e., 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride or ammonium nitrate) before it is extracted using synthesis solution. After extraction, the extracting solution was added with TEOS, used for second synthesis cycle and the process continued in an extraction. The template ions in the extract solution were further recycled up to eight synthesis cycles. Yield of calcined materials significantly influenced by ethanol solvent concentrations and however did not vary with various ion exchange agents. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms showed that the calcined materials exhibit MCM-41 characteristics with surface areas ranging from 600 – 1000 m2/g. It is possible to recycle and reuse the surfactant template for several subsequent times of preparing MCM-41 if the ethanol concentration in the solution gel controlled continuously.
Effectiveness of durvalumab versus chemotherapy in metastatic urothelial cancer: an observational, indirect comparison
Authors: Nordstrom Beth L , Oguz Mustafa , Chu Bong Chul , Ouwens Mario , Arkenau Henrik-Tobias , Klein Alyssa B
Published: January 2020

Aim:
To compare the overall survival of patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who failed platinum-based chemotherapy and received durvalumab or chemotherapy.
Patients & methods:
In an indirect comparison of patients with mUC who failed platinum-based chemotherapy, those who received durvalumab in a single-arm study were matched to patients from the Flatiron oncology electronic medical record database who received chemotherapy (n = 158 for each cohort). Matching was based on propensity scores. Kaplan–Meier methods and Cox regression models were utilized.
Results:
Median overall survival was 11.2 months (95% CI: 7.2–16.9) for durvalumab versus 8.2 months (95% CI: 6.7–9.8) for chemotherapy (hazard ratio: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.48–0.84).
Conclusion:
As a second-line therapy for mUC, durvalumab was associated with longer overall survival than chemotherapy.
The ZX calculus is a language for surface code lattice surgery
Authors: de Beaudrap Niel , Horsman Dominic
Published: January 2020

A leading choice of error correction for scalable quantum computing is the surface code with lattice surgery. The basic lattice surgery operations, the merging and splitting of logical qubits, act non-unitarily on the logical states and are not easily captured by standard circuit notation. This raises the question of how best to design, verify, and optimise protocols that use lattice surgery, in particular in architectures with complex resource management issues. In this paper we demonstrate that the operations of the ZX calculus --- a form of quantum diagrammatic reasoning based on bialgebras --- match exactly the operations of lattice surgery. Red and green ``spider'' nodes match rough and smooth merges and splits, and follow the axioms of a dagger special associative Frobenius algebra. Some lattice surgery operations require non-trivial correction operations, which are captured natively in the use of the ZX calculus in the form of ensembles of diagrams. We give a first taste of the power of the calculus as a language for lattice surgery by considering two operations (T gates and producing a CNOT) and show how ZX diagram re-write rules give lattice surgery procedures for these operations that are novel, efficient, and highly configurable.
Prácticas discursivas y pedagógicas que configuran la identidad Lasallista:
Authors: Benjumea Loaiza Cetty Carlos , Vélez Vélez Jesús Andrés
Published: January 2020

Introducción. En el afán constante de los maestros lasallistas por hacer entrar en diálogo sus prácticas discursivas y pedagógicas con la identidad lasallista y comprenderse desde esta última, emergen una serie de prácticas discursivas y pedagógicas que pueden orientar a los maestros en dicho proceso de configuración. Objetivo. Analizar las prácticas discursivas y pedagógicas que dan cuenta de la apropiación de la identidad del maestro lasallista en los maestros del área de educación religiosa del Colegio la Salle Bello. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se concibió desde el método hermenéutico el cual se apoyó en una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones participantes a los sujetos que participaron de la investigación. Resultados. Se evidenció que los maestros, a partir de sus prácticas discursivas, pueden identificar algunos elementos de la identidad lasallista integrándolos a su ser de maestros lasallistas, sin embargo, se deja ver en las prácticas pedagógicas que dicho ser, generalmente, no se manifiesta en el quehacer. Conclusiones. Los resultados encontrados permiten establecer que, si bien los maestros hacen emerger unas prácticas discursivas que los posicionan en un encuentro con muchos elementos de la identidad lasallista, se evidencia una falta concienciación con dicho encuentro pues, esto no se refleja en las prácticas pedagógicas de los mismos.
Stationary heat conduction in a solid with functionally graded thermal properties
Authors: Bagdasaryan V. , Szolucha J.
Published: January 2020

In the paper the solutions for stationary heat conduction in a two dimensional composite with functionally graded heat properties were obtained. Numerical solutions for the taken boundary conditions are shown for several types of changes of composite’s thermal conductivity. The solutions were obtained with the use of the finite-difference method.
Use of nuclear physics methods for investigation of short-range ordering and defects in iron based simulatuing alloys
Authors: Evstyukhina I.A. , Kolotushkin V.P. , Miloserdin V.Yu. , Rudakov S.G. , Stepanov S.V. , Udovsky A.L. , Chercastchenko M.V. , Funtikov Yu.V.
Published: January 2020

The changes of short range ordering and electron density were investigated by means of the nuclear gamma-resonance and the positron annihilation spectroscopies in model alloys containing tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium used as dopants. The change of the short-range ordering parameter sign was detected in alloys containing vanadium. Different ordering was also observed in binary and ternary iron alloys. It was shown that dislocations were the main defects in these materials after rolling.
Curriculum and labor market: Comparative analysis of the curricular outcomes of the study program in sociology at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade and the required competences in the labor market
Authors: Jaric Isidora , Djeric Milos
Published: January 2020

During last several decades, sociological profession has faced serious
challenges, both globally and locally. Within the context of labor market in
Serbia these challenges, along with inadequate response of professional
community; have resulted in the loss of professional monopoly for some job
positions and roles. Once respected experts, sociologists, have lost
professional monopoly on jobs recognized and affirmed by: (a) state,
governmental and independent institutions; (b) business organizations; (c)
civil society organizations; and (d) international organizations, all of
which employ sociologists with diplomas received from universities in the
Republic of Serbia. Although examples for this are numerous, we will limit
the analysis to three case studies regarding professional positions of: (1)
sociology teacher; (2) researcher in market research industry; and (3)
employees of various international organizations. Analysis will use several
different sources of empirical data: (a) various legislation and by-laws,
especially rules on employment requirements (in state, public, and
individual organizations); (b) job advertisements, where we will analyze
required competencies for particular positions; and (c) current curriculums
for BA and MA studies of sociology on the Department of Sociology Faculty of
Philosophy University of Belgrade, where we will analyze provided
professional competencies. Analysis will attempt to answer the question if
there is a gap between professional competencies provided by study programs
and those required of sociologists in the labor market. If the gap exists,
we will provide potential solutions on the way in which it can be bridged
and position of sociologists on labor market in Serbia improved.
The importance of sociological research conducted in Serbia for the development of systemic family theory and therapy
Authors: Ljubicic Milana , Dragisic-Labas Sladjana
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to present the idea of using domestic sociological studies as
educational material for future systemic family therapists and resources for
systemic family theory and therapy development in Serbia. The paper presents
domestic scientists studies dealing with different forms of families and
family relatinons. The thesis we tried to defend in this paper is that in
the emergence and development of systemic family theory and therapy,
sociological insights have had a significant place and that in the further
evolution of this psychotherapy modality, their findings cannot be
shortened. In the field of developing systemic family therapy theory, the
scientific evaluation of the impact of social factors on families and
individuals through scientific production is of considerable benefit. We
believe that an important step has been made in the foundation of the course
Introduction to Systemic Family Theory and Therapy, at the Master?s in
Sociology at the Faculty of Philosophy, the University of Belgrade, which is
intended for sociologists and future systemic family therapists.
A Mendelian Randomization Study Provides Evidence That Adiposity and Dyslipidemia Lead to Lower Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio, a Marker of Microvascular Function
Authors: Casanova Francesco , Wood Andrew R. , Yaghootkar Hanieh , Beaumont Robert N. , Jones Samuel E. , Gooding Kim M. , Aizawa Kunihiko , Strain W. David , Hattersley Andrew T. , Khan Faisel , Shore Angela C. , Frayling Timothy M. , Tyrrell Jessica
Published: January 2020

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) is a marker of diabetic nephropathy and microvascular damage. Metabolic-related traits are observationally associated with ACR, but their causal role is uncertain. Here, we confirmed ACR as a marker of microvascular damage and tested whether metabolic-related traits have causal relationships with ACR. The association between ACR and microvascular function (responses to acetylcholine [ACH] and sodium nitroprusside) was tested in the SUMMIT study. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to infer the causal effects of 11 metabolic risk factors, including glycemic, lipid, and adiposity traits, on ACR. MR was performed in up to 440,000 UK Biobank and 54,451 CKDGen participants. ACR was robustly associated with microvascular function measures in SUMMIT. Using MR, we inferred that higher triglyceride (TG) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels caused elevated ACR. A 1 SD higher TG and LDL-C level caused a 0.062 (95% CI 0.040, 0.083) and a 0.026 (95% CI 0.008, 0.044) SD higher ACR, respectively. There was evidence that higher body fat and visceral body fat distribution caused elevated ACR, while a metabolically “favorable adiposity” phenotype lowered ACR. ACR is a valid marker for microvascular function. MR suggested that seven traits have causal effects on ACR, highlighting the role of adiposity-related traits in causing lower microvascular function.
Russia of Power
Authors: Opdahl Ingerid M.
Published: January 2020

Abstract in English: Russia of PowerIngerid M. Opdahl reviews Russia of Power, a report by more than 40 Finnish researchers and experts on contemporary Russia from the perspective of security.
Development of Transit Potential of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Grigoryev M. N.
Published: January 2020

The sectoral structure of the Northern sea transport corridor is defined, the set of the transport tasks provided to them - the international transit, import and export operations, internal transportations is considered. It is shown that in relation to the water area of the sector of the Northern Sea Route both the international, and internal transportations (big cabotage and intersectoral transportations) can be referred to transit. The analysis of transit transportations across the Northern Sea Route between the countries in 2010-2018 is carried out, dynamics and commodity structure of transit is defined. Dynamics of transit transportations of main types of freights is considered: bulk freights (oil products, gas condensate), bulk cargoes (iron ore, coal). The analysis of dynamics of in-Russian transit transportations across the Northern Sea Route is carried out; dynamics of transportations of frozen fish which transportation the possibility of creation of the year-round container line between the ports of Petropavlovsk Kamchatsky, Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and St. Petersburg contacts is separately considered. Results of development of transit transportations in 2010-2018 are generalized and the factors defining demand of transit transportations of different types of freights are defined. Assessment of prospects of development of transit freight traffic by foreign shipping companies (Maersk) is given. The conclusion is drawn that a priority of development of navigation in the sector of the Northern Sea Route is providing national investment projects - transportations of mineral resources and ensuring activity of mining companies. At the same time, creation of a steady system of transportation of the Arctic mineral resources defines problems of development of icebreaking, navigation and hydrometeorological providing that will lead to reduction of risk of the Arctic navigation and will increase appeal of the sea Arctic transport system in general. It is defined that emergency conditions for development of navigation in the water area of the Northern Sea Route are: expansion of group of the domestic Arctic linear icebreaker fleet; central planning of sea freight transportation and coordination of actions of participants which could increase appeal of use of the Northern Sea Route including for transit transportations.
Çağdaş Türk Eğitim Denetimi Sistemi (Değişimler ve Yasal Dayanakları)
Authors: Durnalı Mehmet , Limon İbrahim
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı; 14 Eylül 2011 tarihinde 652 sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ile değişimi başlatılan ve sonrasında 6528 sayılı kanun, çeşitli yönetmelikler ve son olarak 6764 sayılı kanun ile değişimi sürdürülen Türkiye’nin çağcıl eğitim denetim sisteminin merke-zi ve taşra teşkilatı yapısını, işleyişi, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın hiyerarşik yapısındaki yeri, roller ve görevleri, değişen unvanları ve güncel durumunu detaylı biçimde aktarmaktır. Çalışmada, nitel yöntem çeşitlerinden doküman analizi ile toplanan veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi teknikleri ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmada, amacında belirtilen süre içerisinde ve boyutlarda, Türk Eğitim Denetimi Sisteminde çok sık ve peşi sıra gerçekleştirilen bu değişiklikler sistemli ve açık biçimde aktarılmıştır.
Artistic Heritage of A. A. Plastov as a Visual Source on the History of the Collective Farm Village of the Period of Stalinism
Authors: Khasyanov O. R. , Kabytov P. S. , Galimova L. N.
Published: January 2020

The possibility of using visual sources in the reconstruction of everyday practices of the collective farm peasantry during the Stalinism is analyzed. According to the authors, the visual turn that occurred in socio-humanitarian knowledge in the last quarter of the twentieth century, sets the task of studying everyday practices, the value world and mental attitudes of various social subjects. They believe that without involving visual sources from the period of Stalin's Soviet modernization, it is impossible to reconstruct the objective picture of the “social life world” of the collective farm village during the period of large-scale social and economic transformations. On the example of the fine heritage of A. A. Plastov, one of the most respected Soviet artists working in line with Soviet socialist realism, various aspects of the everyday life of the Soviet collective farm village are reconstructed. The study is aimed at solving a number of issues of the agrarian and social history of Russia, which until now have not attracted proper research attention. It is noted that Soviet visual sources served as the basis for the construction of a new Soviet civic identity and a means of discipline of social subjects. Attraction along with visual sources of information extracted from traditional written sources (archival documents and materials of periodicals) allows to ensure the reliability and verification of the results.