bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIDIARE EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physallis minima L.) TERHADAP MENICT JANTAN (Mus musculus)
Authors: Gultom Evi Depiana , Rambe Robiatun , Paramitha Ratih , Ginting Ovalina Sylvia Br.
Published: June 2021

Daun ciplukan (Physallis minima L.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan tanin. Senyawa tanin bersifat adstringent untuk mencegah disentri dan diare. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas antidiare ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan pada mencit jantan(Mus musculus). Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vivo dengan menggunakan hewan mencit. Pengujian aktivitas antidiare ekstrak etanol daun ciplukan (EEDC) diinduksi dengan minyak jarak 0,5 ml dan diamati parameter yang terdiri dari, onset, frekuensi diare, konsistensi dan berat feses, serta durasi diare setiap 30 menit selama 5 jam. Metode antimotilitas dilakukan untuk mengukur panjang usus yang dilintasi marker. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One-way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Tuckey. Uji efek antidiare EEDC pada mencit jantan menunjukkan bahwa dosis 50,100, 200 dan 400 mg/kg bb memiliki efek sebagai anti diare dengan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dengan kontrol negatif (p<0,05). Uji efek antidiare dengan metode induksi oleh minyak jarak menunjukkan bahwa EEDC dosis 200 mg/kg bb dan 400 mg/kg bb efektif sebagai antidiare dan tidak berbeda signifikan (p>0,05) dengan kontrol positif sedangkan metode antimotilitas EEDC dosis 400 mg/kg bb efektif sebagai antidiare karena tidak memiliki perbedaan siginifikan (p>0,05) dengan kontrol positif.
The Current Situation, Problems, and Suggestions for Forage Crops in Muş Province
Authors: KURT Ayşe Nida , GÜLLAP Mehmet Kerim
Published: June 2021

With this study, the current situation in terms of forage crop cultivation in Muş province and offered solutions for the problems are discussed. The agroecological characteristics of the province and its current situation regarding forage crop cultivation have been investigated. Although most of the roughage requirement is met in the province of Muş, whose economy is based on livestock, it is determined that the number of forage plant species grown in the province is small, and the yield is low. The first thing that should be initiated in the province of Muş is quality and sustainable forage cultivation. All animal breeders should be informed about the importance of roughage to livestock. Concerning the current problems in the province, the solutions of narrowing the fallow areas by increasing forage crop cultivations areas with suitable crop alternations, increasing the use of certified seeds for quality production, reducing the grazing pressure on the meadow range, and providing necessary information at every stage of forage crop cultivation were offered for more and higher quality production.
UPAYA MENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI BANGUN RUANG SISI LENGKUNG MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY PADA SISWA KELAS IX DI SMP NEGERI 70 JAKARTA
Authors: NURKOMARIA NURKOMARIA
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran Inquiry  diharapkan peserta didik mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika terhadap materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Lengkung  melalui penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas  tindakan siklus I, siklus II dan  siklus III. Data yang diambil dalam penelitian ini merupakan data hasil observasi, tindakan siklus I,siklus II  dan siklus  III serta data pendukung lainnya. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh data telah terjadi peubahan tingkat prestasi peserta didik menjadi lebih baik. Hal ini terlihat dari perubahan hasil nilai rata-rata kelas dari 60,4  pada siklus 1 hampir sama   yaitu 63,1 dengan  ketuntasan  14,3% pada siklus II  rata –rata  hasil belajar menjadi 72,7 dengan ketuntasan 62,5% sedangkan pada siklus III  jumlah  ketuntasan naik  menjadi 87,5 % dengan rata-rata hasil belajar 83,4 . Dengan demikian dapat dikemukakan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan  pembelajaran Inquiry  mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajar  peserta didik terhadap materi Bangun  Ruang Sisi Lengkung pada mata pelajaran Matematika  di kelas IX  SMP N . 70  semester genap  tahun pelajaran 2019-2020
POPULATION OF KAZAKHSTAN AT THE END OF THE XX CENTURY: ETHNO-DEMOGRAPHIC EVOLUTION AND DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOVEREIGN SYSTEM
Authors:   candidateof Historical Sciences, Docent, SarsenAmanzholov East Kazakhstan University,Altaytanu Research Center,Director, Aubakirova Zh. , Alekseyenko А. ,   doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, SarsenAmanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Altaytanu Research Center, Chief researcherUst-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The collapse of the USSR and the creation of New Independent States led to a crisis of political, socio-economic, and demographic phenomena in the post-Soviet space. The demographic system of Soviet Kazakhstan was largely based on the European component. The emigration of representatives of the most numerous European Nations, which coincided with a decrease in the natural growth rates of the Kazakhs, led to the fact that the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan began to decline. At the same time, in the 1990s, there was a trend towards the formation of a sovereign demographic system, the defining role in the functioning of which was played by Kazakhs.
KAZAKH BATYRY BECOMING AN EXAMPLE OF COURAGE AND HEROISM
Authors:   Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Karaganda State Technical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Sagatova A.S.
Published: June 2021

Today our independent country is following the path of self-development, paying attention to the cognitive foundations and roots of our national history. The beginning of the striving for the realization of great goals - reveals its essence in connection with the study of the history of the country, native land. Having analyzed the past history, the author in his article, referring to the merit and activities of great personalities who have left a bright mark and contributed to great historical achievements, focuses on the role of their worldview. This marked the beginning of the study of the personality of Kazakh batyrs, who were messengers of spirit and honor on the way to the unity of our country, an example of courage and heroism - an example of the steppe.
NATIONAL POLICY IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 40-90-IES OF XX CENTURY: SUCCESSES AND EXTRACTIONS.
Authors:   Doctor of History, Professor, Atyrau University named after Kh. Dosmukhamedova,Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Sarsen A.S. , Berdyguzhin L.B ,   Doctor of History, Professor, Atyrau University named after Kh. Dosmukhamedova,Atyrau, Kazakhstan, Khamidullina D.U. ,   PhD.,Atyrau University named after Kh. Dosmukhamedova, Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article examines the personnel potential of rural areas of Kazakhstan in 1950-1980: National composition, quantitative and qualitative indicators. There is information about the personnel deployed in connection with the political situation in the country. Personnel issues among peoples who came to Kazakhstan as a result of different leftist policies of the state, the influx of people of different nationalities, their competitive work in various sectors of the economy, despite their low social status, their impact on the demographic situation. As a result, the influence of the national team in the economic, educational, cultural and sports spheres is taken into account. The contribution of scientists who came to the territory of Kazakhstan to the development of science and the development of the social sphere as a result of the work of different nationalities is also important
HISTORICAL ORIGINS AND PREREQUISITES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL TOWNS IN EAST KAZAKHSTAN DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD
Authors:   Kazakh Innovative University of Humanities and LawPhD student, (Semey, Kazakhstan), Amanbekova N.D
Published: June 2021

The article historically studied the history of small towns in East Kazakhstan Ayagoz, Zaysan, Shar, Shemonaikha, Zyryanovsk, Kurchatov, Ridder, Serebryansk and the impact of these cities on the socio-economic situation in the region. In addition, by analyzing the socio - economic state of single - industry towns in East Kazakhstan in Soviet times, their industrial production efficiency was determined. The article attempts to fill in the empty pages of the history of small towns in the region, as well as to historically convey the significance of small towns during the period of a long totalitarian system. The priority industries are monotowns Ridder, Zyryanovsk, Serebryansk and Kurchatov. Significance was attached to the data reflecting the economic opportunities of single-industry towns of the East Kazakhstan region in Soviet times. In the center of attention, it was noted that the formation and development of small towns in East Kazakhstan took place through the decisive influence of the formation of the specifics of the basic industries.
EMPEROR JUSTINIAN AND HIS "CODE OF CIVIL LAW": HISTORY AND SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   Doctor of history sciences, Professor. KazNunamed al-Farabi. Kazakhstan, Almaty.e-mail:kalkaman.zhumagulov@kaznu.kz, Zhumagulov К.Т , Mukhametkali A.E. ,   2st master student. KazNunamed al-Farabi. Kazakhstan, Almaty, e-mail: Ainash.ermekkyzy@gmail.com
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the history of the Byzantine emperor Justinian and his collection of laws, known as the Collection of Civil Rights, published as a result of his reforms, and his significance in the life of the empire. Of course, first of all, the author describes the historical period before the reign of Emperor Justinian. After all, the history of early medieval Europe and important issues of public life are closely related to the process of the Great Migration of Nations. In the article, the author evaluates the achievements of Emperor Justinian in the field of government. Above all, these achievements are characterized by a collection of laws called the "Code of Civil Rights" adopted by the Emperor Justinian. Of course, the "Code of Civil Rights" adopted by Emperor Justinian gave impetus to the development of all spheres of society in the early Middle Ages. This collection of laws is the result of a great search. Because qualified specialists and well-known lawyers of that time took part in the development of the collection of laws. As a result, a collection of laws appeared, which aroused interest for subsequent researchers, his articles and influence on the development of society became the basis of research work.
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION: NEWS AND MEDIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION OF CULTURE
Authors:   Aktobe State Regional University named after K.Zhubanov,teacherAktobe,Kazakhstan, Amaniyazova B.A.
Published: June 2021

The only urgent task facing universities today is, of course, to ensure the highest quality of education. In his annual Address to the Nation, the First President Nursultan Nazarbayev said that, first of all, the education system should be raised to a new level. The proposed article considers the role of theoretical and methodological issues of education in the context of media culture in Kazakhstan. The impact of media education on the development of distance learning in the context of media culture is reflected.
RELIGIOUS MOTIVES OF CULTURAL IDENTIFICATION
Authors:   C.h.s, associate professors of the Karagandа technical university,Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Nugman B. , Kassimova S.S. ,   C.h.s, associate professors of the Karagandа technical university,Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Suleymenova M.Zh. ,   C.h.s, associate professors of the Karagandа technical university,Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article deals with some features of religious identities and as a form of significant culture, which characterize essence of the objective reflection of the world. Includes the meaning of origin and the goals of confrontation with human history. This is the origin of history and its purpose in the development of the culture of the nomads of the Great Steppe. The peculiarities of the region are comprehensively considered in the unity of processes: historical, economic, political, structural and cultural transformation, starting from the primitive society. The main attention is paid to the theoretical development of the process of evolution of nomadic culture as one of the unique enclaves of different civilizations; identification of the origins of statehood and consolidation of tribal structures in the structural community. And it is expressed in everything, outlook and world view.
ARTISTIC CONCEPT IN THE EPIC NOVEL “PATH OF ABAY”
Authors:   Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zaikenova R. , Sagymbekova F. ,   Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

In the novel "The Path of Abay", which reveals the way of Abay’s conscious life for 50 years,, the national idea and national interests, national tastes and national psychology are deeply formulated in the realities of life and artistic reality. In this way, the work depicts the personality of Hakim Abay. The artistic concept is determined by the originality of national identity. The use of the literary word used by M.Auezov reflects the rich language of our people. In the epic novel "The Path of Abay", one can find all kinds of concepts related to the customs and traditions of the Kazakh people. For example, such types of rituals as marriage, urynbaru, food, hospitality, etc., as well as many types of hunting and hunting activities are widely mentioned in the novel. In the article, it is scientifically formulated that the concept "uryn baru" is a long-standing tradition of our nation.
THE ARTISTIC WORLD OF NESIPBEK DAUITAYULY'S STORY “АЙҒЫРКІСІ”
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Imangali O.
Published: June 2021

The great writer Nesipbek Dauitayuly occupies a special place in our literature. Evidence of this is the owner of many literary awards, a sought-after writer. The writer's works, written in the years following independence, are valuable because the problems of Kazakh society are rooted in them. One of the main tasks of the writer is to familiarize himself with the work of national interest. The author takes upon himself the story “Айғыркісі”, which makes this task the main one in terms of content. The article provides an analytical analysis of the story of the writer “Айғыркісі”, based on the laws of the theory of literature. The study of the subject matter, content and form of the story, the system of artistic images, plot and composition, the language of the work, the use of means of expression, grinding has been carried out. The story analyzes the details of modernist, folklore, magical motives. The ways of presenting the author's concept and trends are analyzed. The author explains the purpose of the use of human-animal contact in a work of art. The analysis of the characters helpless aesthetics is carried out. The ways of conveying the concept of good and evil in the content of the story are analyzed. Thus, they determined the aesthetic value, the artistic world, and the stylistic nature of the narrative.
SOCIO-POLITICAL VIEWS OF TURKISH THINKERS AS A BASIS OF RELATIONS
Authors:   Higher Medical College” of the Akimat of the city of Nur-Sultan PVC GKK, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Kulakhmetova R.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the fact that when studying the content, nature and types of modern relations, ignorance of the main historical stages of their development leads to many difficulties. The main goal of the author is to determine the foundations of indirect communication between people according to the views expressed in the works of the thinkers of the Turkic world and Kazakh scientists. The article considers the scientist as a developer of new knowledge that unites the past and the future, revives the material and spiritual culture, and analyzes his individuality, assessing the period after his death. Determine its impact on the work of the next generation of scientists; A scientist has three different characteristics: the definition of the field in which his scientific work is applied in practice, and the relationship of his scientific heritage at different stages. As a result, the future creativity of the scientist will be assessed. In this regard, the works of al-Farabi, J. Balasagun, K.A. Yassaui, M. Kashgari, A. Yu. Yugnaki, S. Bakyrgani, M. Kh. Dulati are analyzed.
HISTORICAL POEMS OF THE PERIOD OF INDEPENDENCE OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Institute of Literature named after N. Ganjavi of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Baku, Azerbaijan, Mamedova B.H.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the poems of the popular Azerbaijani poets Sabir Rustamkhanly and Nurangiz Gyun, who occupy a special place in modern Azerbaijani literature. The poem “Meeting with Orhan” by Sabir Rustamkhanly reflects the historical period of the formation of the Turkic ethnos. The work presented in fiction prose historical facts about the heroic pages of the formation of the great Turkic world, their genealogy, roots, and historical realities of Turkism. The work "Firefly" is dedicated to Mahmudali Chiraganly from South Azerbaijan, his fight against lawlessness and social injustice. Poems Nurangiz Gyun shows the course of the war and its impact on human life. The article also assesses the research of scientists who have determined their views on these works. An analysis of these works suggests that Azerbaijani writers and poets have always sought to embody the basic needs of people in artistic expression in their work. In the period of becoming independent, the first plan included issues of the integrity of the motherland and the problem of independence.
THE CONSCIENCE THAT UNITED ABAY AND SHAKARIM
Authors:   Kazakh American Free University, Ust Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan, Nurlanova А. , Meshimbaeva B. ,   Kazakh American Free University, Ust Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The work of Abay and Shakarim is a unique phenomenon that requires a careful examination of the various aspects. The article addresses the problem of spiritual harmony, literary continuity and spiritual integrity in the works of the two poets, by analyzing Shakarim's poem "Enlik-Kebek". The author composed works for the plot "Enlik-Kebek" - two stories "One word that the Kazakhs cannot forget" and "A tale of Kazakh language" and poems by Magauiya, Shakarim's «Enlik-Kebek» and M. The analysis of Auezov's play "Enlik-Kebek" reflects the creative approach, ideological and aesthetic requirements of each artist, the taste of the epoch and the environment in which he lived, and the author's attitude to the incident, along with his own judgment. During the research all of these variants were considered from the perspective of the Abay tradition, from the poetic circle of Abay.
CONCEPTUAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARRAY OF COLOURS IN A WORK OF FICTION
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Seitenova A. , Bolatova G. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Based on the novels of Sherkhan Murtaza - “The Moon and Aisha”, “The Red Arrow”, “War with no Weapons”, and “A Black Pearl”, the article discusses the concept-forming significance of the nature of colors in the narrative system. In the course of the analysis, the emotional, psychological, philosophical, and mythological foundations of colors in portraying the hero's spiritual world, the author's ideas, and historical reality are being comprehended. The analysis was carried out on the basis of textual and typological systemic functional techniKues. The research results reveal multifold prospects of the concept-forming potential of the array of colors in a semiotic aspect. The psychological and ideological conceptual significance of the color array in the piece of work was contemplated within the framework of the literary poetic style of Sherkhan Murtaza.
TO THE DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF "READING COMPETENCE" AND THE DIFFERENTIATION OF ITS DESCRIPTORS
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Khavaidarova М.М. , Ekibaeva А.А. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article addresses the problem of competence-based approach in solving the problem of reading. The problem of defining competence and various approaches to its solution is considered. The concepts of "competence / competence" at the present stage have become key and determining the goals and content of training. The main ability of the graduate is the ability to form his speech utterance for special purposes. For this reason, the main category of linguodidactics becomes communicative competence. The establishment of a new paradigm of education, on which the updating of the content of education in school is based, requires the development of new approaches to planning the expected learning outcomes. This aspect determines the relevance of the described issue. The authors determine the theoretical basis for the formation of reading competence. At the same time, an attempt is made not only to give its own definition of the term, but also to draw a line between the concepts of "reading competence", "literary competence", "reading literacy". In the course of addressing the problem of the formation of reading competence, the article defines the descriptors of reading competence, which give the teacher a direction that requires the application of efforts. Functional literacy, which is one of the results of learning at school, also includes structural elements of the competence under consideration.
ONLINE TEACHING OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE TO LAW STUDENTS
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Bekishev R.
Published: June 2021

This article deals with the application of ZOOM and TIAMS online learning platforms in the higher education system. The author notes both the advantages and disadvantages of the listed online services. In order to increase the motivation of students to study the Russian language in the online format, the author proposes the use of advanced tasks technology using ICT in the educational process, namely computer presentations. The article describes in detail examples of advanced assignments in the Russian language, which enable law students to master the educational material in an individual format, contribute to conscious study and stronger memorization. Among the proposed advanced tasks, there are those that are designed, on the one hand, to consolidate the knowledge, skills and abilities acKuired in the classroom, and on the other, allow the student to show independence, to find a solution to a non-standard issue or task himself.
TEXT ON SPECI ALTY AS AN I MPORTANT UNI T OF TEACHI NG RUSSI AN LANGUAGE AT THE UNI VERSI TY
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Yermekbayeva G. , Alieva M. ,   Kazakh Medi cal uni versi ty of conti nui ng educati on Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

This article deals with the application of ZOOM and TIAMS online learning platforms in the higher education system. The author notes both the advantages and disadvantages of the listed online services. In order to increase the motivation of students to study the Russian language in the online format, the author proposes the use of advanced tasks technology using ICT in the educational process, namely computer presentations. The article describes in detail examples of advanced assignments in the Russian language, which enable law students to master the educational material in an individual format, contribute to conscious study and stronger memorization. Among the proposed advanced tasks, there are those that are designed, on the one hand, to consolidate the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the classroom, and on the other, allow the student to show independence, to find a solution to a non-standard issue or task himself.
PEDAGOGIGAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Authors:   South-Kazakhstan university named after M.Auezov, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Yermekbayev М.А.
Published: June 2021

The main result of the learning process in primary school depends on how many competencies the student has mastered. a student who has developed linguistic and cultural competencies is immersed in the grammatical structural secrets of the Kazakh language, understands the laws of applying certain grammatical rules in speech, and learns the mechanism of sentence formation. And without competence, the undocumented skills of theoretical complementarity are transformed into the preparation of a single plateau. On a conscious scale, students ' language competencies become a necessary condition for organizing their language skills and abilities. Properly formed language and cultural competencies help students to understand the studied phonetic, lexical, grammatical phenomena in depth, to understand the mechanism of Word formation, correct spelling rules, the presence of certain types of speech in the language presence, syntactic structures, etc.
USE OF “LETTER AND THINKING” TECHNOLOGY AS A METHOD FOR DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING IN STUDYING DISCIPLINES OF THE GENERAL EDUCATIONAL CYCLE
Authors:   Non-profit joint stock company “Narxoz University”, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Zholdassova A. , Khairgeldina A. ,   Non-profit joint stock company “Narxoz University”, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the use of the technology “Writing and Thinking” in studying disciplines of the general education cycle in non-linguistic universities. In the last decade, modern education has been undergoing transformation and rethinking both in the field of the educational process and its role in the development of modern society as a whole. Education based on the model of liberal arts and sciences meets modern requirements for university graduates who must have a full range of socio-cultural, communicative and value-semantic competencies. This teaching model also changes the role of the teacher, who was traditionally perceived as a one-sided translator of educational information. Central to this approach to education is working with text. Most often, such a text is not paragraphs from textbooks and teaching aids, but original texts (articles by authors on the topic under study, documentary primary sources, etc.).
SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Osmanova Z. , Seysenbayeva Zh. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

The scientific article analyzes the importance of studying the technology of project-based learning. It is concluded that the technology of project-based learning has a direct impact on the humanization of the individual as a person, forming the intellectual, professional, moral, spiritual, civic and other qualitative qualities of the student. The role of the student in the formation of personality is determined. Briefly about the history of project-based learning. The design method consists in finding, finding and solving students ' problems in any situation, organizing independent work, activities. As the advantages of project training, it is proposed to show the results of the knowledge obtained on the basis of logical thinking of the student, increasing his self-confidence and capabilities, working on the project and realizing the responsibility assigned to them. The goals and objectives of project-based learning are defined, and the ways of their application in the educational process are outlined. The types of project-based learning technologies used in preschool education are offered. Scientific research related to the technology of project-based learning is updated, updated, supplemented and developed over time.
CULTURAL CODE IN THE MEDIA DISCOURSE OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Aimagambetova M. , Sadykova A. ,   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

This article substantiates the presence of informative and communicative nature of the cultural code in the media discourse of the Kazakh press. The historical experience of forming a multinational society in Kazakhstan has had a huge impact on the national code. Considering the reflection of the national code of the Kazakh people in the modern media discourse, we note that the words "consent"," tolerance", "hospitality" and "respect" are most often found in the Kazakh media space when describing various phenomena of the cultural code. The process of digitalization and convergence, which affects the media space of Kazakhstan, along with other countries, provides a technical opportunity for communication between press readers and authors. The tendency to increase feedback from readers contributes to optimizing the entire communication and activity process and obtaining higher-quality information. The presence of information and communication component helps the dialectical development of the national cultural code of the Kazakh people, the opposition against the challenges of globalization in preserving the national identity and the best traditions of the people.
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL-COGNITIVE ASPECT IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATION
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ashirova B. , Nabidullin A. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the cultural-cognitive approach has played an important role in linguistics. This approach also has an important position in translation theory. In the process of translation, oral or written, the translator is obliged to make certain a me ndme nts to  the  te xt, ta ki ng i nto  a cco unt so ci o -cultura l, psycho lo gi ca l, li nguo cultura l a spe cts. He /she  sho uld ta ke  i nto  a cco unt the  pe culi a ri ti e s o f bo th la ngua ge s, culture s, na ti o ns, e thni c gro ups i nvo lve d i n the  tra nsla ti o n pro ce ss. Wo rds a nd a cti o ns tha t wi ll ma ke  o ne  pe o ple  smi le , ca n i nfuri a te  o the rs, due  to  di ffe re nce s i n culture  a nd li ngui sti c pi cture s o f the  wo rld. A  mo de rn tra nsla to r ha s kno wle dge  o f fo re i gn la ngua ge s, but a lso  i s a  be a re r o f the  culture s o f the se  la ngua ge s a nd a cts a s a  tra nsmi tte r o f thi s culture  i n tra nsla ti o n. I n thi s a rti cle , we  ha ve  tri e d to  a na lyze  the  ro le  o f the  cultura l a nd co gni ti ve  a spe ct i n tra nsla ti o n.
Investigating homeopathic potencies with membrane bound solvatochromic dyes
Authors: Cartwright Steven
Published: June 2021

Background Solvatochromic dyes have demonstrated themselves to be useful probes in the molecular-level study of homeopathic potencies. The range of dyes available, and their broad division into two main electronic structural groups, is permitting a detailed investigation of the fundamental nature of potencies. The immobilisation of solvatochromic dyes on transparent membranes takes these investigations to a new level of investigative precision. Aims To attach as many different solvatochromic dyes as possible to triacetylcellulose membranes, and where successful, to observe in detail the spectroscopic changes that occur on exposure to potencies. Immobilisation of dyes onto membranes de-couples the initial dye-potency interaction from later aggregation processes, thereby allowing a host of questions to be asked about what exactly potencies are doing to solvatochromic dyes and in turn indicating what the identities of potencies are likely to be. Methodology A number of methods have been explored for covalently linking dyes to membranes, which at the same time maintain the integrity of the solvatochromic chromophore. Immobilised dyes, in contrast to dyes in solution, behave differently, which means water-insoluble dyes for instance, can be used under a range of solution conditions that were not possible previously. Results and discussion Results from three positively solvatochromic dyes show that potencies cause a bathochromic shift in their spectra, confirming what has been seen previously with encapsulated dyes but with greater clarity. Results can be explained by invoking a polarising effect of potencies and differential stabilisation of the dyes’ ground and excited electronic states. The kinetics of the dye-potency interaction indicate the effect of potency reaches a maximum and then declines. Conclusion Immobilisation of solvatochromic dyes presents a significant step forward in the ability to investigate homeopathic potencies at the physico-chemical level.
Treatment of severe thrombocytopenia with platelet biotherapic and Phosphorus
Authors: Scardoeli Bruna , Aith Natália José , Von Ancken Adalberto , Coelho Cidéli Paula
Published: June 2021

Background Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood resulting from disorders of production, distribution or destruction, leading to bleeding. The respective treatment of thrombocytopenia is usually based on corticotherapy and platelet transfusion. Aims Report the evolution of homeopathic treatment in a 12 years old Maltese canine cardiopathic patient with thrombocytopenia associated with the diagnosis of Ehrlichia canis. Methods Replacement of corticoid and transfusion by Platelet Biotherapic, to stimulate platelet production and high diluted Phosphorus to contain the bleeding. Results On 01/28/19, the patient presented thrombocytopenia of 5.000/mm³ with large platelets, petechials and suffusion hemorrhages in dorsal and ventral regions, extensive acute cervical hematoma due to blood collection; anisocytosis, polychromasia and Howell Jolly corpuscle in red series; and also reactive lymphocytes, monocytes active and toxic neutrophils in white series. On 01/30/19, initiated the administration of 3 globules of Platelet Biotherapic 12CH every 12 hours; 3 globules of Phosphorus 6CH every 24 hours, both oral; and topical phytotherapeutic use of Arnica montana once daily. Three days later, it was observed the complete absence of petechials and suffusion hemorrhages, with elevation of platelets count to 74.000/mm³ and mild leukocytosis with improvement in overall patient well-being. On 02/06/19, there was regression of hematoma and leukocytosis, in addition to the platelet count in 95.000/mm³. On 02/14/19, due to slight decrease in platelets to 92.000/mm³, the frequency of Phosphorus 6CH was changed every 12 hours. On 02/20/19, the new platelet count reached 126.000/mm³ with standardized morphology and no Howell Jolly record. Conclusion The homeopathies (High dilution medicine) have proven to be successful in the treatment of thrombocytopenia without causing side effects.
Research protocol for homeopathic treatment of congenital zika virus infection
Authors: Mendes Maria Filomena Xavier , Junior Romeu Carillo , Cabo Domingos José Vaz , Gosik Maria Solange , Lino Renata Rodrigues Garcia , Kalile Raquel Bruno , Tavares Davisson , Lacerda Giselle Iannarella , Capobianco Maria Helena , Martins Sandra Motta , Oliveira Paulo Guilherme Leandro , Santos Letícia Werneck dos
Published: June 2021

Background The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus and the human disease caused by this virus has been described in the Americas in 2015. ZIKV has been identified as an etiological agent of acute exanthematous disease in Brazil. In the same year, an epidemic of microcephaly with images suggestive of congenital infection raised the suspicion of a relationship between these alterations and ZIKV infection. Epidemiological and histopathological studies point to a strong relationship between prenatal Zika virus infection and microcephaly. Newborns with microcephaly, may also present auditory and visual changes, seizures and severe neurodevelopmental impairment. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Zika virus (ZIKV) infection a public health emergency of international concern. Aims Clinical observation in the ambulatory school of ABRAH (Brazilian Association of Recycling and Homeopathy Assistance) of patients with encephalopathy of various origins, using the medicine Helleborus niger as equalizer of the NS (Nervous System), as described in the Complex Systems of Carillo, shows improvement in motor, cognitive and seizure disorders. Based on this observation, we propose to use this method in patients with ZIKV congenital infection. Methodology To evaluate 15 patients in follow-up at the AFR (Fluminense Rehabilitation Association), through homeopathic anamnesis, clinical, diathesic, biotypological and temperamental classification. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) will be used. All patients will receive Helleborus niger 6 Ch daily for 6 months. Results and discussion This study was forwarded to the research ethics committee and will begin in July 2019.

Will be evaluated the use of Helleborus niger in patients with congenital infection by ZIKV, as equalizer of NS. The expected result is overall neurological improvement. Conclusion Helleborus niger, probably stimulating self-regulation through uninjured neurological pathways, will promote autopoiesis and construction of new programs of action, and will enable the improvement of patients with congenital ZIKV infection.
Metabolomic analysis of Viscum album L homeopathic tinctures and antitumor studies in 3D spheroid models
Authors: Holandino Carla , Melo Michelle Nonato de Oliveira , Oliveira Adriana Passos , Garret Rafael , Grazi Mirio , Ramm Hartmutt , Jaeger Tim , Baumgartner Stephan
Published: June 2021

Background The antitumoral efficacy of aqueous Viscum album extracts is attributed to the presence of lectins and viscotoxins. However, previous studies demonstrated an antitumoral activity of European V. album ethanolic homeopathic tinctures (VAHT) prepared according to homeopathic methodology. Aims To investigate the seasonal influences (summer and winter) in the metabolomic profile of V. album ssp. homeopathic mother tinctures (VAHT) and to evaluate the antitumoral activity of some VAHT in 3D tumor spheroid models. Methodology The following VAHT were prepared by ethanolic maceration: V. album ssp. album growing on Malus domestica, Quercus sp. and Ulmus sp.; V. album ssp. austriacum from Pinus sylvestris; V. album ssp. abietis from Abies alba. Chemical analyses were performed using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Data was submitted to multivariate statistical analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) in Metaboanalyst platform. The antitumor potential of VAHT (0.5% v/v) was conducted in 3D tumor spheroid models (MDA-MB-231 cell line) by MTT for 72 hours. Results and discussion The PCA analysis explained 40% of data variation and clustered VAHT samples into 3 groups, emphasizing the chemical similarity between the botanical subspecies of V. album. Some key compounds were mainly responsible for this separation: pinobankasin hexose-pentose (V. album ssp. abietis); citric acid (V. album ssp. austriacum); malic acid (V. album ssp. album). The chemical differences among summer and winter samples, detected by PLSDA, were related to the Viscum album host trees. A significant reduction of 50% and 41% (p
A Study of the Philosophy of Science and Spirituality
Authors: Honeycutt Richard A.
Published: June 2021

Are religion and spirituality in conflict? The prevailing opinion in today’s world seems to be that they are. But a careful examination of ontological, epistemological, and teleological factors may lead to a surprising answer: there need not be a conflict if we clearly define our terms and understand the pivotal importance of metaphor in human thought. If science and spirituality (or religion) are carelessly defined with claims of absolute truth, and if the unsupportable assumption is made that reality consists only of matter-energy, a dramatic conflict will result between science and spirituality. But these logical flaws invalidate much of what we think we know in the fields of science and spirituality themselves. If we examine Kuhn’s work on paradigms, the revelations of Quantum Mechanics, and consider the topic in the light of Process Philosophy and Transpersonal Process Philosophy, we will be prepared to evaluate the philosophical ideas that underpin the work of Goswami’s “Science within Consciousness” and also the groundbreaking thought of Ken Wilber, Rupert Sheldrake, Owen Barfield, and Eric Weiss. We will discover that essentially all human thought depends upon metaphor, though usually not recognized as such. While necessary, metaphors must not be confused with absolute truth. Comprehension of the nature and proper role of metaphor will clarify our thinking about religion, spirituality, and many other essential matters. The egregious error that is fundamentalism in religion or science will be revealed and can then be avoided. The resulting dawn of understanding can lead us into a new meta paradigm that can eradicate almost all the supposed war between science and spirituality.
The Relation between the Consciousness and the Phenomenal World. A metaphysical understanding in the view of Advaitic tenet
Authors: Vasantharaman Raghuraman
Published: June 2021

"The inquisitiveness about the relation between Consciousness and the phenomenal world has long existed in the area of philosophy and science. Philosophy tries to understand it subjectively whereas science tries to understand it materially. The nature of inquiry differs in both fields. In this paper, I will try to explain the relationship between Consciousness and the phenomenal world from a metaphysical aspect in the view of Advaitic Tenet. The Advaitic tenet is the essence of the Upanishadic explanation. The Upanishads generally form the last portions of the Veda and are the positive culmination of its philosophy.
The consciousness and its relation to actions can never be understood only philosophically unless the power and form of will are properly understood. According to the Upanishads, the whole apparatus of perception is distinct from the Self (Consciousness) and is a manifestation of the physical. Since superimposition of the spirit and non-spirit on each other is the root cause of transmigration , we are unable to distinct ourselves (Consciousness) from the phenomenal world.
Philosophy, religion, and ethics deal with only human beings. The Upanishads assert their independence in action but since they are limited in their apparatus of perception and expression, they are limited as well. Knowledge is the limiting factor. With the help of knowledge, we will be able to remove misery and bring a happy and relaxed state. Since we are identified with our body-mind complex, we are unable to remove misery and bring a happy relaxed state. This ignorance leads us to misery again. Here comes the significance of the scriptures.
In this paper, I will try to define, how to discriminate Consciousness from the phenomenal world? I will define the nature of Consciousness and the phenomenal world according to the Advaitic tenet. The main topic i.e., the relation between Consciousness and the phenomenal world will be discussed according to the Advaitic tenet. The main purpose of knowing this is to realize Self Consciousness. Hence, this paper will be concluded by introducing the methods to discriminate the Consciousness and the phenomenal world and to realize Self Consciousness.
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Polymethylmethacrylate cranioplasty implant customized using a polylactic acid mold and prepared with a 3D printer: an example case
Authors: GÜRKAN Gökhan , HUSEMOGLU R. Bugra , YUCEER Nurullah
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the use of three-dimensional imaging and modeling methods has become increasingly frequent, replacing two-dimensional studies. Three-dimensional images, which are widely used in medicine, provide surgical facilities, especially in neurosurgical practice. Surgery for epilepsy, cranioplasty, vascular and intracranial lesions could be shaped based on three-dimensional images.
The main purpose of cranioplasty is to replace bone tissue loss due to previous surgery or trauma to protect brain tissue. For this purpose, autologous grafts could be used as well as materials such as polymethylmethacrylate.
In this study, a PLA mold was produced using a three-dimensional printer for the patient who was planned for cranioplasty and cranioplasty was performed with PMMA. The perioperative observation of the patient revealed that the mold was fully seated. The patient was satisfied cosmetically in the follow-up.
With the advancement of technology, the use of three-dimensional printers in neurosurgery practice will further increase, individual treatment methods will be developed and better results will be obtained with less cost and complication rates.
Evaluation of the CMIP6 marine subtropical stratocumulus cloud albedo and its controlling factors
Authors: Jian Bida , Li Jiming , Wang Guoyin , Zhao Yuxin , Li Yarong , Wang Jing , Zhang Min , Huang Jianping
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The cloud albedo in the marine subtropical stratocumulus
regions plays a key role in regulating the regional energy budget. Based on
12 years of monthly data from multiple satellite datasets, the long-term,
monthly and seasonal cycle of averaged cloud albedo in five stratocumulus
regions were investigated to intercompare the atmosphere-only simulations
between phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP5
and AMIP6). Statistical results showed that the long-term regressed cloud
albedos were underestimated in most AMIP6 models compared with the
satellite-driven cloud albedos, and the AMIP6 models produced a similar
spread as AMIP5 over all regions. The monthly averaged values and seasonal
cycle of cloud albedo of AMIP6 ensemble mean showed a better correlation
with the satellite-driven observations than that of the AMIP5 ensemble mean.
However, the AMIP6 model still failed to reproduce the values and amplitude
in some regions. By employing the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for
Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data, this study estimated the relative
contributions of different aerosols and meteorological factors on the
long-term variation of marine stratocumulus cloud albedo under different
cloud liquid water path (LWP) conditions. The multiple regression models can
explain ∼ 65 % of the changes in the cloud albedo. Under
the monthly mean LWP ≤ 65 g m−2, dust and black carbon dominantly
contributed to the changes in the cloud albedo, while dust and sulfur
dioxide aerosol contributed the most under the condition of 65 g m−2 < LWP ≤ 120 g m−2. These results suggest that the
parameterization of cloud–aerosol interactions is crucial for accurately
simulating the cloud albedo in climate models.