bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Apgar score, cord blood pH, and lactate with severity of birth asphyxia in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Sharma Kuldeep Kumar , Sharma Manoj , Dhillon Gurpreet Kaur
Published: December 2024

Background:

A wide variety of clinical parameters and laboratory tests is employed to diagnose perinatal asphyxia such as Apgar score, umbilical arterial acidemia/base excess, intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring, fetal scalp pH measurement, and presence of meconium in amniotic fluid.

Methodology:

The current multicentric, cross-sectional observational study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit of Department of Pediatrics, Military Hospital Jammu and RPGMC Tanda. The study population included term neonates with evidence of birth asphyxia. The quantitative data were represented as their mean ± standard deviation categorical and nominal data were expressed in percentage. The t-test was used for analyzing quantitative data, or else nonparametric data were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test and categorical data were analyzed using Chi-square test.

Results:

Out of 115 babies with low APGAR (<7) at 1 min, the mean APGAR score was 5.09 with no hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and 3.56 with HIE, mean cord blood pH levels were 7.29 with no HIE and 7.11 with HIE. Mean cord blood lactate was 5.8 with no HIE and 2.91 with HIE. The severity of HIE was also associated with low APGAR, low pH values, and higher lactate levels in cord blood.

Conclusion:

Umbilical cord blood parameters such as pH < 7.1, low APGAR (<5), and high lactate levels (>5 mmol/l) were significantly associated with perinatal asphyxia and its severity.
Enhancing Spear Phishing Defense with AI: A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions
Authors: Mohamed Nachaat , Taherdoost Hamed , Madanchian Mitra
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a critical analysis of the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in defending against spear phishing attacks, which continue to be a significant cybersecurity threat. By examining 30 seminal studies, we provide an in-depth evaluation of current AI techniques, such as machine learning, natural language processing, and behavioural analytics, which are utilized to detect and mitigate sophisticated email threats. Our review uncovers that AI not only significantly enhances the detection capabilities against these tar-geted attacks but also faces challenges like adaptability and false positives. These findings highlight the continuous evolution of AI strategies in spear phishing defense and the need for ongoing innovation to keep pace with ad-vanced threat tactics. This paper aims to guide future research by proposing integrated AI solutions that enhance both detection capabilities and respon-siveness to new threats, thereby strengthening cybersecurity defenses in an increasingly digital world.
Stingray Injury Complicated by Vibrio alginolyticus Wound Infection and Posterior Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysm in a Returning Traveler
Authors: Carroll Amy , Chowdhury Melissa , Zheng Charlotte , Ghazali Sorfina , Palanivel Shara , Walker Steven L. , Kew Alex
Published: December 2024

Stingray injury is common in temperate and tropical waters worldwide. The majority of injuries are minor and can be managed with simple first aid at the shoreline; however, serious complications can occur. We report a case of Vibrio alginolyticus wound infection, retained foreign body, and posterior tibial artery pseudoaneurysm after stingray envenomation in a returning traveler. The patient presented with severe pain and dysesthesia associated with a puncture wound in the left lower leg 1 week after injury in Seychelles. Clinician awareness of infection and trauma-related complications of stingray and other penetrating marine injuries is important.
Piotr Lebiedziński (1860–1934). Uzupełnienia do biogramu
Authors: Kosel Bogusław
Published: December 2024

Piotr Lebiedziński was a Polish chemist educated at the Institute of Technology in Saint Petersburg, professionally associated with Warsaw at the turn of the 20th c. He came from a family with strong patriotic traditions from Podlasie. From the beginning of his career, he demonstrated extraordinary skill in developing new designs and improvements in optical and photographic instruments. He is considered the founder of the Polish photochemical industry and the designer of numerous models of photographic and projection cameras. He gained European fame for developing a specialized camera used to examine the deflection of railway rails and for his work in the field of parapsychology.
COVID-19 Tanısı İle Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Yatan Hastaların Özellikleri: Retrospektif Analiz
Authors: Erbesler Zeynel Abidin , Demir Gökçe , Zülkar Yeşim
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Çalışmada, bir üniversite hastanesinin yoğun bakım ünitesinde takip edilmiş olan COVID-19 hastalarının bazı sosyo-demografik ve laboratuvar verilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif tek merkezli çalışmada, 11 Mart -31 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında bir Üniversite Hastanesi’ndeki COVID-19 yoğun bakım ünitelerinde laboratuvar onaylı COVID-19'lu 105 hastanın kayıtları incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmada hastaların yaş ortalaması 68,83±13,04’tür. Hastaların % 40,0’ı kadın, %60,0’ı ise erkektir. Yoğun bakımda yatan hastaların %59,0’ı taburcu olurken %41,0’ı vefat etmiştir. Hastaların %45,7’sinin hemoglobin, %13,3’ünün trombosit, %72,4 lenfosit değerlerinin normalin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastaların %45,7’sinin lökosit, %68,6’sının nötrofil, %69,5’inin glikoz, %56,2’sinin üre, %60,0’ının kreatin, %30,5’inin aspartat aminotransferaz, %15,2’sinin alanin aminotransferaz, %62,9’unun C-reaktif protein, %25,7’sinin alkalen fosfataz, %54,3’ünün troponini, %15,2’sinin CK-MB, %37,1’inin ferritin, %48,6’ısının D-Dimer ve %60,0’ının fibrinojen düzeyinin artmış olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları tek bir hastanenin sonuçlarını yansıtmaktadır. Çalışmada yoğun bakımda yatan hastaların neredeyse tamamına yakını yaşlı olup %41,0’ı vefat etmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan hastaların yarıdan fazlasının lenfopeni ve nötrofili oluştuğu belirlenmiştir.
A Framework for Generating S-Box Circuits with Boyer–Peralta Algorithm-Based Heuristics, and Its Applications to AES, SNOW3G, and Saturnin
Authors: Jeon Yongjin , Baek Seungjun , Kim Giyoon , Kim Jongsung
Published: December 2024

In many lightweight cryptography applications, low area and latency are required for efficient implementation. The gate count in the cipher and the circuit depth must be low to minimize these two metrics. Many optimization strategies have been developed for the linear layer, led by the Boyer–Peralta (BP) algorithm. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) has been a focus of extensive research in this area. However, while the linear layer uses only XOR gates, the S-box, which is an essential nonlinear component in symmetric cryptography, uses various gate types, making optimization challenging, particularly as the bit size increases.In this paper, we propose a new framework for a heuristic search to optimize the circuit depth or XOR gate count of S-box circuits. Existing S-box circuit optimization studies have divided the nonlinear and linear layers of the S-box, optimizing each separately, but limitations still exist in optimizing large S-box circuits. To extend the optimization target from individual internal components to the entire S-box circuit, we extract the XOR information of each node in the target circuit and reconstruct the nodes based on nonlinear gates. Next, we extend the BP algorithm-based heuristics to address nonlinear gates and incorporate this into the framework. It is noteworthy that the effects of our framework occur while maintaining the AND gate count and AND depth without any increase.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we apply it to the AES, SNOW3G, and Saturnin S-box circuits. Our results include depth improvements by about 40% and 11% compared to the existing AES S-box [BP10] and Saturnin super S-box [CDL+20] circuits, respectively. We implement a new circuit for the SNOW3G S-box, which has not previously been developed, and apply our framework to reduce its depth. We expect the proposed framework to contribute to the design and implementation of various symmetric-key cryptography solutions.
The Methodology for Calculating and Analyzing the Parameters of the Tripod Robot to Ensure Controllability in the Workspace
Authors:   Stary Oskol Technological Institute n.a. A.A. Ugarov NUST MISiS, Stary Oskol, Russia, Khalapyan Sergey , Rybak Larisa ,   Belgorod State Technological University VG Shukhov, Belgorod, Russia, Cherkasov Vladislav ,   Belgorod State Technological University VG Shukhov, Belgorod, Russia, Voloshkin Artem ,   Belgorod State Technological University VG Shukhov, Belgorod, Russia
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses the methodology for calculating and presenting to the developer and end user of robotic systems the technical characteristics of a tripod robot (its working area, taking into account the need to ensure controllability), depending on the geometric dimensions of the structural elements of the mechanism. The developer will have the opportunity to choose the best configuration of the robot, which allows solving the tasks; the user will be able to explore the functionality of the mechanism used, to ensure safe control of the robot.
Design and Implementation of a Web-based Energy Data Visualization Platform Using Supabase and NextJS Frameworks
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia, Nejković Valentina , Cvetković Stevica ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia, Stojadinović Luka ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia, Đorđević Đorđe ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Niš, Serbia
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the development of a web-based application designed for real-time monitoring and analysis of energy consumption in district heating systems (DHS). The primary objective is to create a platform that enables users to intuitively visualize energy data through dynamic graphs and tables, thereby facilitating more efficient energy resource management. The application leverages Next.js for the frontend development, ensuring a responsive and seamless user interface, while Supabase serves as the backend solution, providing real-time data synchronization and database management capabilities. The results demonstrate that the proposed solution enhances the analysis of energy data, equipping users with actionable insights to optimize operational performance, reduce costs, and improve overall energy efficiency in DHS. The platform’s ability to provide real-time feedback and data-driven decision-making tools underscores its potential as a valuable resource in energy management systems.
Farm Assistant Counts Sheep
Authors: Boğa Mustafa , Karabıyık Muhammed Abdulhamid
Published: December 2024

Small livestock farming in our country is mostly based on pasture. The most important advantage of this situation is that it reduces feed expenses and increases our profitability within the farm. However, the most important problem is in the counting of animals when they come from the pasture to the pen and when they go from the pen to the pasture. This situation depends on the shepherd's attention and follow-up. However, finding experienced shepherds in our country is becoming more and more difficult every day. It may be difficult or even impossible for a sheep giving birth in the pasture to follow the herd when the geographical conditions become difficult. Quick counting of sheep and lambs as the animals enter and exit the pen depends on the shepherd's practice and experience. In order for this situation to be more realistic and to prevent personal mistakes, different alternatives should be considered. For this reason, a system has been developed using deep learning techniques to automatically count the animals in the herd when entering the pen. This system will automatically count the animals at the entrance and exit of the farm, and in case of missing animals, the system users will automatically notify the system users via web and mobile applications. With the implementation of this system, it will be possible to determine the losses that will occur on the farm with an early warning system. In our study, animals will be detected with the deep learning-based YoloV8 pre-trained model on images taken from fixed cameras that will be placed at the entrance and exit of the pen. Counting results obtained from the developed system can be used on different devices by providing multi-platform support. By disseminating this practice, losses of sheep and lambs in the pasture can be prevented.
7464 SAYILI KONUTLARIN TURİZM AMAÇLI KİRALANMASINA DAİR KANUN ÇERÇEVESİNDE KONUTLARIN KISA SÜRELİ KİRALANMASI
Authors: Altınkan Onur
Published: December 2024

Kısa süreli kiralama ilişkileri, özellikle teknolojinin ve kısa süreli kiralama yapmak isteyen kişiler ile kullanıcıları bir araya getiren AirBnB gibi sistemlerin gelişmesiyle ülkemizde de oldukça yaygın hale gelmiştir. Mukayeseli hukukla paralel şekilde ülkemizde de bu alanın düzenleme altına alınması ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Söz konusu ihtiyaç; kayıt dışılığın giderilmesi, vergi kayıplarının önlenmesi, turizm sektöründeki rekabette yer alan dengesizliğin giderilmesi ve kullanıcıların sağlığı ile güvenliği gibi sebeplerden ileri gelmektedir. Ülkemizde yürürlüğe giren 7464 sayılı kanun ve buna dayanılarak yayınlanan yönetmelik, mukayeseli hukukta yer alan düzenlemelerle benzerlik gösterse de, konutun sadece bir odasının kiralanmasının açıkça yasaklanması gibi noktalarda ayrışmaktadır. Bununla birlikte kiraya verenin profesyonel bir şekilde ve ticari bir amaçla hareket ettiği durumlar ile ticari bir iş niteliği taşımaksızın bir konutun kiralanması durumuna ilişkin yükümlülükler mukayeseli hukukta çok daha belirgin şekilde ayrılmaktayken, ülkemizde yürürlüğe giren mevzuatta ayrım bu kadar belirgin değildir. Ülkemizde yürürlüğe giren mevzuatta, her ne amaçla olursa olsun en fazla yüz gün süreyle yapılan kiralamalar kısa süreli kiralama kapsamına girmekte ve bu şekilde kiralanacak olan konutlar için izin belgesi alma zorunluluğu düzenlenmektedir. Konutlar ve yüksek nitelikli konutlar arasında ayrıma gidilmiş ve farklı şartlara tabi kılınmıştır. İzin belgesi alınabilmesi için, apartmanlar bakımından tüm kat maliklerinden ve siteler bakımından diğer bloklar da dahil olmak üzere tüm kat maliklerinden muvafakatname alınması zorunlu kılınmıştır. Bununla birlikte bazı şartların gerçekleşmesi halinde işyeri çalışma ruhsatı alınması zorunlu kılınmış durumdadır. Aynı zamanda kısa süreli kiralama yapılacak olan konutların asgari bir nitelikli yatağa sahip olması, tuvalet ve banyosunun bulunması ve sıcak soğuk suyun mevcut olması, yaşam alanı ve mutfak düzenlemesi ihtiva etmesi gerekmektedir. Bununla birlikte yangın güvenliği gibi konularda da asgari bazı standartların sağlanmış olması aranmaktadır. Aynı zamanda kısa süreli kiralama ilişkisi kapsamında aynı anda konaklama yapabilecek azami kişi sayısı dahi düzenleme altına alınmıştır.
Pembayaran Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah Dan Bangunan Pada Pembuatan Akta Hibah Wasiat
Authors: Paerunan Olivia Gloria , Kuspraningrum Emilda , Utomo Setiyo
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Balikpapan City Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2023 expressly regulates that the obligation to pay BPHTB (Land and Building Rights Acquisition Fee) for bequests is payable when the grantee officially obtains rights to the inherited land and/or building. Based on research results, it shows that there are significant differences in interpretation among land deed making officials (PPAT) regarding this provision. Research findings reveal that there are differences in BPHTB payment practices carried out by PPAT. Some PPATs make payments at the beginning of the process, while others pay at the end. This difference reflects a misunderstanding among PPATs regarding when the tax liability is actually due.Purposes of the Research:  This research aims to analyze the implementation of BPHTB (Land and Building Rights Acquisition Fee) payments on will grants in Balikpapan City.Methods of the Research: This research uses socio-legal methods with primary data obtained directly through on-site interviews, as well as secondary data which is divided into three groups: primary legal materials (legislation), secondary legal materials (books, journals, papers, research results), and tertiary legal materials (law and Indonesian dictionaries). The choice of socio-legal method does not rule out support for the doctrinal approach studied in other laws and regulations.Results of the Research: The existence of differences in interpretation of the provisions when BPHTB is owed for testamentary grants in Balikpapan City Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2023 reflects a significant gap between written legal norms and implementation practices in the field. Misunderstanding by land deed officials regarding the timing of BPHTB payments indicates that there are obstacles in implementing the law, which can give rise to legal problems related to violation of norms.
Evaluation of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Herpes Zoster
Authors: Sezer Tuna , Ağır Güler Zehra Şafak , Özdemir Verdanur , Ülger Salih , Jawad Jawad Taif Mohammed , Uçar Tuğba , Çalışır Gülistan Melda , Özkargın Eda , Uysal Medine
Published: December 2024

Objective: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections result in two distinct clinical entities: varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (HZ). VZV, the causative agent of chickenpox, remains latent in the dorsal root or cranial nerve ganglia and reactivates due to suppression of the cellular immune system, leading to HZ. Risk factors for HZ include advanced age, stress, concomitant infections, use of immunosuppressive drugs, and comorbid conditions.
This study retrospectively evaluates patients diagnosed with HZ who presented to our hospital. The aim is to determine the frequency of herpes zoster based on age, gender, season, and months, as well as the accompanying diseases, complications, and treatments provided.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with HZ (ICD10 code B02) who presented to our hospital’s dermatology outpatient clinic between December 1, 2022, and November 30, 2023, were included in this study using our hospital's automation system.
Results: A total of 211 patients were included in the study, consisting of 115 women (54.50%) and 96 men (45.50%), with a female/male ratio of 1.19. The average age of the patients diagnosed with HZ was found to be 53.38 years. It was observed that HZ occurred more frequently in march (12.32%), august (11.37%), and april (9.95%), and seasonally, it was more common in the spring (29.86%). The most commonly affected body region was the trunk (54.5%), and the most frequently involved dermatome was thoracic (46.4%). The most common comorbidities in patients diagnosed with HZ were hypertension (32.05%) and diabetes mellitus (12.82%). The most frequently administered treatment was valacyclovir (47.87%). Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) was observed in 37 patients (17.53%) with HZ.
Conclusion: As the frequency of HZ increases with age, early recognition and treatment are crucial for reducing pain, viral spread, and complications. There is a need for large-scale studies on the clinical and demographic data of HZ.
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Atasoy Mustafa Selçuk , Yüksel Ahmet , Guven Hakan , Badem Serdar , Kılıç Ali Önder , Müdüroğlu Ayhan
Published: December 2024

Coronary artery bypass surgery has remained the gold standard of coronary revascularization for many years in many patients with coronary artery disease, especially in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. In this paper, basic information, history and indications related to coronary bypass surgery, as well as preoperative, operative and postoperative approaches and complications are concisely reviewed in the light of current literature and presented to the readers.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF SMEs
Authors: Hızarcı Ayça Kübra , Tarier Alara , Özgen Özge , Kurt Gümüş Gülüzar
Published: December 2024

This study provides a systematic review of the literature on the operationalization of artificial intelligence (AI) within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to develop an integrated conceptual framework for understanding AI adoption. The findings indicate that Technological readiness plays a pivotal role, with SMEs requiring knowledge of AI applications, methods, and capabilities to adopt AI effectively. AI adoption yields diverse outcomes, including enhanced operational efficiency, improved customer engagement, and greater innovation, but these vary based on industry, firm size, and resource capacity. The study emphasizes that AI is not a unitary concept but a multi-dimensional construct, with operationalization requiring alignment with organizational dynamic capabilities. This review offers a framework for understanding AI adoption, helping to bridge fragmented findings in the literature.
Handwritten Malayalam Word recognition Based on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Ms. Shaharbana T  , Mr. Gireesh TK  , Mr. Anurag TV  , Ms. Divya M
Published: December 2024

This research paper presents a system that can recognize handwritten Malayalam characters and words through the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Handwritten character recognition (HCR) is a complex area of study that involves identifying human handwriting in different languages. While HCRs have been developed for languages such as English, Japanese, and Chinese, the task remains challenging for the languages in India, especially in south Indian languages due to the large character sets, compound characters, modifiers, and curvature shapes of characters in these languages. The main objective of this research is to convert the handwritten Malayalam characters and words containing in the input image into corresponding digital text form. This is achieved by utilizing a trained convolutional neural network (CNN) for converting the handwritten characters and words in the image to corresponding digital form. The recognition system is implemented in Python, with the TensorFlow and Keras frameworks used for developing the CNN model. Additionally, the Open-Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV) is utilized for performing various operations on the input image. The proposed method also includes a technique for segmenting words and characters from an input image, and predicting characters using the CNN model. Initially, the system aims to identify characters and words, with plans to extend it to recognize complete sentences in the future
Malária em Distritos Sanitários Especiais Indígenas – DSEIs da Região Amazônica, 2019 a 2022
Authors: De Oliveira Carneiro Lucas , Albuquerque de Jesus Letícia , Paula do Amaral Zaitune Maria
Published: December 2024

Objetivos: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico da malária notificada por Distritos Sanitários Especiais Indígenas (DSEIs) da Região Amazônica no período de 2019 a 2022. Método: Os dados coletados em fontes abertas foram padronizados e processados ​​utilizando a linguagem de programação R. Foram então criados mapas cartográficos para identificar áreas com elevada incidência de malária. Este mapeamento envolveu o cálculo do Índice Parasitário Anual (IPA), que indica o número de novos casos de malária entre residentes de 2019 a 2022, expresso em casos por 1.000 habitantes por ano. Resultados: No período analisado, foi relatada uma prevalência notável no sexo masculino, atingindo uma proporção de 54,3%. No ano de 2019, entre os 21 DSEIs analisados, dez foram classificados como de alto risco. Nessas localidades, as taxas anuais de malária variaram de 53,22 a 650,75 casos por mil habitantes. Em 2020, dez DSEI foram identificados como de alto risco, apresentando taxas que variaram de 75,15 a 766,62. Este cenário caracterizou um aumento substancial do risco de infecção nestas áreas. Até 2021, observou-se que nove DSEIs apresentavam risco elevado, com taxas oscilando entre 57,03 e 704,21, indicando ligeira redução em relação aos anos anteriores. No último ano de análise, 2022, oito DSEI permaneceram classificados como de alto risco, com taxas variando entre 83,96 e 507,58. Conclusões: Estes resultados destacam a persistência de desafios significativos relacionados com a incidência da malária nas regiões analisadas.
Saúde e ambiência no local de trabalho: um relato de experiência em uma UBS do Distrito Federal
Authors: Grimes Lorrana Nascimento , Lima Neldiane Moura , Costa Aline Beatriz de Jesus , Lopes Cleide Alves de Andrade
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: descrever o processo de planejamento, captação de recursos e implementação de um espaço de convivência em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no Distrito Federal. Método: o relato de experiência foi estruturado conforme as etapas do Arco de Maguerez, com base na Metodologia da Problematização e envolveu residentes do programa de Saúde da Família e Comunidade, além de outros profissionais de saúde da UBS. O processo de implementação ocorreu entre 2022 e 2023, seguindo etapas de planejamento, levantamento de recursos e implementação. Resultados: a implementação da área de convivência na UBS demonstrou que pequenas mudanças podem ter um grande impacto na promoção da saúde e no bem-estar dos profissionais de saúde, contribuindo, inclusive, na melhoria do atendimento prestado à comunidade. Conclusão: este relato de experiência destaca a importância da colaboração entre diferentes partes interessadas na promoção de ambientes de trabalho saudáveis e na busca por soluções para desafios estruturais.
Trend Analysis of Admission, Enrolment and Completion Rates in Primary Education in Bongo District, Ghana (2012-2021)
Authors: Quansah Joseph Yaw Dwamena , Aboagye Dacosta , Alagbela Alaric Awingura
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in primary education admission, enrolment and completion rates in the Bongo District from 2012 to 2021. The study was grounded on the Theory of Justice developed by John Rawl in 1971. A descriptive exploratory design was used. This study used secondary data from the Ghana Education Office of the Bongo District in the Upper East region of Ghana to analyse trends in access to and participation in primary education within the district during the period studied. Data were analysed using appropriate formulae to calculating ratios for the educational indicators. Findings revealed that a significant number of children enrolled in primary education were not in the appropriate grade for their age; the majority were either below or above the age range of 6 to 11 years for primary education in Ghana. Additionally, the percentage of the out-of-school population within the appropriate age range for primary education (NER) increased by 1.1 percentage points, from 15.4% in 2012 to 16.5% in 2021. The study concluded that despite recognisable efforts by the country and district to widen access to education through free education policy, the education system has not yet absorbed all school-age children in the district due to several barriers. This study therefore recommends community outreach programmes by the district education office to address sociocultural factors affecting pupils’ participation in primary education.
Distribution characteristics of the summer precipitation raindrop spectrum on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Fuzeng , Duan Yuanyu , Huo Yao , Cao Yaxi , Wang Qiusong , Zhang Tong , Liu Junqing , Cao Guangmin
Published: December 2024

Abstract. To enhance the precision of precipitation forecasting in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau region, a comprehensive study of both macro- and micro-characteristics of local precipitation is imperative. In this study, we investigated the particle size distribution, droplet velocity, droplet number density, Z–I (radar reflectivity–rainfall intensity) relationship, and gamma distribution of precipitation droplet spectra with a single precipitation duration of at least 20 min and precipitation of 5 mm or more at four stations (Nyalam, Lhasa, Shigatse, and Naqu) in Tibet during recent years from June to August. The results are as follows: (1) in the fitting relationship curve between precipitation raindrop spectral particle size and falling speed at the four stations in Tibet, when the particle size was less than 1.5 mm, the four lines essentially coincided. When the particle size exceeded 1.5 mm, the speed in Nyalam was the highest, followed by Naqu, and the speed in Lhasa was the lowest. The falling speed of particles correlated with altitude. (2) The five microphysical characteristics (mean diameter (Dm), average volume diameter (Dv), mode diameter (Dd), dominant diameter (Dp), and median diameter (Dnd)) at the four stations have different correlation relationships with altitude under different rainfall intensities. Dm exhibits a negative correlation with altitude at the same rainfall intensity; in contrast, Dv shows a positive correlation with altitude. For microphysical parameters such as Dd and Dp, a rainfall intensity of 10 mm h−1 serves as the boundary line, and they have different correlation relationships with altitude under the same rainfall intensity level. (3) The Z–I relationships at the four stations exhibited variations. Owing to the proximity in altitude between Lhasa and Shigatse, as well as between Nyalam and Nagqu, the coefficient a and index b in the Z–I relationships of the two groups of sites were relatively similar. (4) The fitting curves of the exponential and gamma distributions of the precipitation particle size at the aforementioned four stations are largely comparable. The exponential distribution fitting exhibits a slightly better effect. The parameter μ in the gamma distribution decreases with an increase in altitude, while N0 and λ in the exponential distribution show a clear upward trend with altitude.
A Flexible ROMS-based Hybrid Coupled Model for ENSO Studies–Model Formulation and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Yu Yang , Li Yin-Nan , Zhang Rong-Hua , Chen Shu-Hua , Tseng Yu-Heng , Zhang Wenzhe , Wang Hongna
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) constitutes the most prominent interannual climate variation mode in the climate system, originating from ocean-atmosphere interactions in the tropical Pacific. Accurately modeling ENSO variation has consistently posed a great challenge, exhibiting strong model-dependent representations and simulations of ENSO. This study presents a novel Hybrid Coupled Model (HCM), denoted as HCMROMS, built upon the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) that has been widely used for regional modeling studies. For basin-wide applications to the tropical Pacific, here, the ROMS is incorporated with a statistical atmospheric model, which is based on singular value decomposition (SVD), capturing interannual relationships of atmospheric perturbations such as wind stress and freshwater flux anomalies with sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. The model is constructed in a flexible way so that various components representing atmospheric forcing and oceanic biogeochemistry can be easily included as a module in the HCMROMS. Results demonstrate that the HCMROMS can simulate a stable quasi-three-year ENSO cycle when the interannual wind stress coupling coefficient, ατ , is set at 1.5. The HCMROMS reproduces the three-dimensional (3D) evolution of ENSO-related anomalies, revealing that the most pronounced temperature anomalies occur beneath the surface at 150 m. The interannual temperature anomaly budget highlights the dominance of the advection process in the simulated ENSO. Vertical mixing contributes negatively to ENSO anomalies, damping temperature anomalies from the surface due to the turbulent heat flux feedback. This newly developed HCMROMS is poised to serve as an efficient modeling tool for ENSO research in the future.
The Influence Of Product Quality, Price, And Custumer Value On Custumer Satisfation Mediated By Product Competitiveness At The Golden Kids Shop Bandar Lampung
Authors: Bahari Simarmata Yogi Putra , Rahayu Niputu Widhia
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted at Toko Golden Kids Bandar Lampung, a children's fashion store founded in 2022 at Simpur Center Mall. This shop offers various types of children's clothing with a wide variety of products. Even though it faces tough competition, Toko Golden Kids Bandar Lampung must continue to innovate to maintain a large customer base. Product competitiveness's function as a mediator in the relationship among product fine, customer value, and fee and purchaser pleasure is the situation of this take a look at. It also ambitions to ascertain the impact of product first-class, customer cost, and rate on product competitiveness and client satisfaction. crucial information became gotten through notion, meets and conveying surveys to 109 respondents selected making use of purposive testing strategies. The data analysis method uses a quantitative approach with SmartPLS. The research results show that product quality, customer value, and price each have a positive and significant influence on product competitiveness and customer satisfaction. Apart from that, product competitiveness is proven to mediate the relationship between product quality, customer value, and price on customer satisfaction. All research hypotheses are accepted. Based on the research results, it is recommended that the Golden Kids Bandar Lampung Store continue to improve product quality, optimize customer value, set competitive prices, and strengthen product competitiveness strategies. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of the influence of these variables is also important to support more appropriate decision making and the development of more effective strategies.
Pression Foncière Et Défis D’Aménagement Dans La Commune D’Adjarra Au Sud-Est Du Bénin
Authors: Akanni HESSOU Mariano Angelo Nonvignon
Published: December 2024

La commune d’Adjarra est confrontée depuis quelques années à une pression foncière sans précédent du fait de l’évolution démographique et des besoins accrus en terres en matière de logement. Cette situation est aussi due aux coûts liés à l’installation humaine. Ces phénomènes ne sont pas sans effets sur l’environnement. La présente recherche vise à étudier les principaux facteurs de la pression foncière dans la commune d’Adjarra.L’approche méthodologique adoptée s’est construite autour de trois étapes essentielles : la collecte des données, leur traitement et l’analyse des résultats au moyen du modèle SWOT. Au total, 267 ménages ont été enquêtés et 38 personnes ressources interviewées. Les données collectées ont subi des traitements appropriés. Les logiciels ArcGIS 10.8 et SPSS ont servi à la réalisation des différentes cartes et aux traitements statistiques.L’analyse des résultats montre que plusieurs facteurs sont à la base de la pression foncière dans la commune d’Adjarra. Il s’agit de la croissance démographique, les travaux de lotissement, la disponibilité des infrastructures sociocommunautaires, l’extension du réseau d’énergie électrique et d’adduction d’eau potable et la modernisation du réseau routier. Ces différents facteurs démontrent la pression humaine sur les terres et les ressources ligneuses dans la commune d’Adjarra. Cette situation favorise l’augmentation du prix d’achat des parcelles. La gouvernance locale et les pratiques de gestion des terres contribuent aux dynamiques spatiales. Ainsi, la commune d’Adjarra est marquée par la régression des espaces naturels et des terres agricoles au profit des surfaces bâties dont la superficie est passée de 692 ha en 2002 à 4 329 ha en 2024 en l’absence des documents de planification territoriale (schéma directeur d’aménagement communal, plan directeur d’urbanisme). C’est pourquoi, on observe l’installation anarchique des habitats, l’insuffisance d’infrastructures sociocommunautaires et la consommation accrue de plus en plus des terres pour les besoins de construction.
Littératie Interculturelle Critique A Travers La Publicité: Analyse Comparative De L'idéologie Dans Le Spot Publicitaire De Toyota Yaris Version « Allez Les Blues » Et « C'est Très Français »
Authors: Handayani Sri , Sudardi Bani , Widodo Sahid Teguh , Hardini Tri Indri
Published: December 2024

Besides having function as a promotional media, advertisement also contributes to the transfer of messages and ideologies. Advertisement not only has commercial value, but also contains political, social, moral and ideological messages. In case of foreign language learning, the transfer of ideology in advertising could be expressed through critical intercultural literacy. This article aims to describe and reveal ideology in two French versions of Toyota commercials: “Les Bleues” and “C'est Très Français”. To achieve this objective, an interpretative qualitative method is applied which aims to explain and interpret the phenomena that occur in depth by applying semiotic theory to analyze, reveal and explain the meaning and myths of the commercials. The analysis results show that both commercials contain nationalism represented through the symbols of French identity that appear, such as the tricolor flag, the national anthem La Marseillaise, cheese and the kiss on the cheek. This type of advertisement could then be explored as a support for critical intercultural literacy, by comparing French ideology and cultural values with those that apply in Indonesia.
Étude De L’influence Des Débris De Coquillages Non Calcinés Et Calcinés Sur Les Remblais Routiers De La Zone Littorale EST De Madagascar
Authors: Rakotomalala Miarintsoa Fetraniaina , Rakotomalala Zolimboahangy , Ranaivoniarivo Velomanantsoa Gabriely , Ratsimbazafy Hery Mikaela
Published: December 2024

Notre étude consiste aux essais de stabilisation des sols de remblais routiers de la RN5 sur la zone littorale EST de Madagascar en valorisant des débris de coquillages qui sont des déchets biologiques en abondance pendant toute l’année. Les différentes déformations et dégradations de cette route sont attribuées à la construction de la route RN5 sur des sols à faible profondeur (Site 1 : Ambodiatafana, à environ 0,85m de profondeur, et Site 2 : Ambinany Sahavary, à environ 0,65m de profondeur). La présence d'eau peut entraîner une instabilité du sol. Le sol est susceptible de subir une saturation par l'eau, ce qui réduit sa capacité portante et accroît le risque de mouvements de terrain, d'affaissements ou d'érosion. Afin de remédier, il sera nécessaire de prendre en compte des mesures visant à garantir la durabilité de ces routes, notamment. Les essais de caractérisation des échantillons de sol prélevés sur 2 milieux différents permettent de dire que les sols donnent des caractéristiques géotechniques médiocres aux routes en terre situant dans la zone d’étude. Ils ont une texture limoneuse mal graduée. Les débris bien nettoyés, dépourvus d’impuretés, entre autres, reste de chairs, des boues, etc. sont utilisés sous 2 formes : en poudre fine non calcinée et en poudre fine calcinée. La calcination des débris de coquillages se fait à une température d'environ 800°C. À cette température, le carbonate de calcium se décompose en oxyde de calcium (CaO) et en dioxyde de carbone (CO₂). Des études de formulations sur le rapport poudre/sol ont été effectuées selon les pourcentages des poudres allant de 5, 10, 15 et 20%. Les résultats avec les débris calcinés montrent une efficacité évolutive sur l’indice de portance CBR du sol. L’ajout de 15% de débris de coquillages calcinées présente une augmentation de la portance CBR jusqu’à 56% à 0h (zéro heure) et 106% à 96h (après immersion dans l’eau), par rapport à la portance CBR du sol à l’état naturel. Cette formulation a permis d’atteindre une valeur de la résistance à la compression de 3,75MPa. On a observé une diminution remarquable du gonflement relatif du sol, donc améliore la performance de la route sous diverses con ditions climatiques. La stabilisation par l'utilisation de poudre de coquillage calcinée et non calcinée a des conséquences importantes sur les caractéristiques des sols. Le sol stabilisé avec de la poudre broyée calcinée semble présenter une portance supérieure (Indice CBR plus élevé) et que le potentiel de gonflement relatif est devenu faible. Par ailleurs, le sol stabilisé à l'aide de la poudre non calcinée présente aussi une résistance légèrement moindre mais un comportement plus stable face à la présence d'humidité.
Prévalence Et Diversité Des Souches De Vibrio Dans Les Eaux Et Les Poissons Des Fermes Aquacoles De La Lagune Ebrié
Authors: TOULE Aubin Cyrille , ANOMAN Adjo Thérèse , ASSI-Clair Brice Judicaël , DJEKE Paul Simplice , ADINGRA Ama Antoinette , KOUSSEMON Marina
Published: December 2024

La lagune Ebrié servant de source d’eau pour de nombreuses stations aquacoles, abrite de nombreux microorganismes pathogènes tels que les Vibrio, ce qui constitue une menace pour les ressources halieutiques et la santé humaine. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la prévalence et la diversité des souches de Vibrio dans les eaux et les poissons des fermes aquacoles de la lagune Ebrié. Des échantillons d’eau et de poissons ont été prélevés dans stations aquacoles de Layo et Jacqueville ainsi que dans la lagune Ebrié, pour analyses. Les charges en Vibrio ont été déterminées par la technique des membranes filtrantes pour les échantillons d’eau et par la méthode du nombre le plus probable (NPP) pour les échantillons de poissons. L’identification des espèces Vibrio a été réalisée à l’aide de tests biochimiques. Dans les stations aquacoles et la lagune, les charges de Vibrio des eaux variaient de 3,3 à 4,26 log UFC/100 mL et celles des poissons de 5,1. 103 à 5,29. 104 UFC/g. Environ 49,4 % des poissons analysés étaient contaminés par Vibrio. Les souches de Vibrio isolées des eaux et des poissons appartiennent à six espèces dont V. cholerae, V. mimicus, V. fluvialis, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus et V. vulnificus regroupées en 23 biotypes différents. La diversité de souches de Vibrio dans les milieux aquacole et lagunaire indique un risque sanitaire pour les activités d’élevage ainsi que pour les consommateurs.
Spasmolytic Effects Of Kauranoid And Ester Of Linear Alkaloid From The Aerial Part Of Croton Borarium (Euphorbiaceae) Endemic In South Part Of Madagascar
Authors: Barthelemy Fiatoa , Larios Princis Ratiankavana Benjamin , Jipaty Tiandreny Hazara , Jenosusbel Rainimanantsoa , Miller Herindrainy Audiat , Andrianjara Charles , Ruphin Fatiany Pierre
Published: December 2024

The aerial part of the plant known under the vernacular name Somorombohitse (Malagasy name) and scientifically named Croton Borarium (Euphorbiaceae) endemic in the South part of Madagascar, is used by the local communities to treat asthma and hypertension. The biologic test result riddling of the isolated trachea of guinea pig stimulated by the acetylcholine in 210-2M showed antiasthmatic activity with the CE50= 0.85±0.001µg/ml (n=6). Effet concentration of carbachol from 10-9M to 10-3M have been realized in absence and in presence of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Cr. Borarium to 0.1mg/ml, verapamil to 10µM and atropine to 10nM. The relaxing activity of hydro-ethanolic extract from 0.1 to 3 mg/ml has been executed on the isolated aorta and jejunum of rabbit stimulated with the KCl to 50nM. White the using of the extract technic by partitioned liquid-liquid to permitted localizing the active fraction (Hex/DCM: 3/1) with CI50= 0.275±0.003µg/ml (n=6).The bioassay-guided fractionation of the active fraction using repeated silica gel column chromatography resulted in the isolation of two pure compounds active as evidenced by analytical TLC and HPLC analysis. The elucidation of pharmacologic mechanism of these active principles has showed that, to first and active principle bring into play the calcic movement through the cellular membrane of vascular and polished muscle and the second is the by way of NO intermediate. Their chemical structures of two pure compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and spectroscopy High-resolution MS.
Investigating the Potential of Indica Canna Rhizome for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Randriambahoaka Anjoanina Elia , Rafanjanirina Eulalie , Andrianaivoarivelo Jaolalaina , Randrianirainy Huchard , Randriamanantany Zely Arivelo
Published: December 2024

Madagascar's energy landscape is heavily reliant on finite fossil fuels and charcoal, raising concerns about sustainability and environmental impact. The burgeoning industrial sector and escalating energy demands necessitate a shift towards eco-friendly and renewable alternatives. This research delves into the potential of Canna indica, a rhizomatous plant, for bioethanol production.Bioethanol extraction was achieved by harnessing the starch content of Canna indica rhizomes through a multi-step process involving enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. The starch content of the peeled dry extract was found to be 74.5% basis on dry matter, yielding 72.30 ml of bioethanol ranging from 6° to 45°. The unpeeled dry extract produced 64.67 ml of bioethanol ranging from 5° to 30°, while the fresh rhizome yielded 64.79 ml of bioethanol ranging from 6° to 44°. The remaining waste biomass, including leaves, stems, and distillation residues, was utilized for the production of biochar and briquettes, as detailed in another article.
Les Accidents De La Route A Cotonou Et Abomey-Calavi Au Sud Du Bénin : Causes, Manifestions Et Suggestions.
Authors: Issihako ZIME LAFIA
Published: December 2024

La mobilité croissante due à la pression démographique et à l’intensification des activités économiques favorise des cas d’accidents de la route à Cotonou et Abomey-Calavi. Ces situations constituent des blocages à la libre circulation des biens et des personnes. Ce travail vise à mettre en relief les causes et manifestations des cas d’accidents dans le milieu d’étude.La méthodologie de recherche adoptée est basée sur une enquête de terrain réalisée auprès de 130 personnes réparties sur 13 sites à raison de 10 enquêtés par site. L’observation directe a permis de voir des cas d’accidents. Le questionnaire, les guides d’entretien, un appareil photo numérique et un appareil GPS (Global Positioning System) sont les outils et matériels utilisés pour la collecte des données. L’analyse des résultats a été faite par le modèle PEIR. Il ressort de l'analyse que des cas d’accidents sont enregistrés de 2003 à 2018 avec un pic en 2014 soit 100 morts et 2523 blessés pour Cotonou, 29 morts et 2783 blessés pour d’Abomey-Calavi. Il urge pour des autorités d’adopter des mesures conséquentes afin que la route tue moins.