bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges of Translating English Pragmatic Markers into Kurdish by EFL Students
Authors: Salih Rashwan Ramadan , Tahir Rawshan Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate the translation of Pragmatic Markers (PMs) by Kurdish EFL students. This study demonstrates an innovative method/practice of utilizing translation to study the linguistic phenomena, Pragmatic Markers (PMs) (cf. Fischer 2006; Fraser, 1999; Aijmer, 2002). Based on the Relevance Theoretic Framework and polysemy approach, this paper consolidates research that examines the challenges that face EFL students of English Department at Salahaddin University, Erbil. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results revealed that Kurdish EFL students use a variety of PMs in their writing, with some PMs being overused and others being underused. The study suggests that teachers should help Kurdish EFL students to use PMs effectively in their writing. Also, the results showed that the majority of participants had difficulty in recognizing the more complex adversative and causal PMs, while they had very few issues with Additive PMs. In conclusion, Kurdish EFL students may recognize Additive PMs and translate them with less difficulty than identifying more complex adversative and causal PMs.
An Investigating of Using Dictogloss as an Essential Technique for Improving Student's Listening Comprehension
Authors: Hasan Alaa Ali
Published: November 2023

The current study is an experimental one of using dictogloss as an essential technique with fifth preparatory EFL student's at Al-Saydaa Nafysaa secondary school for girls. The study is done in two classes as a sample: class one is called the experimental class which used dictogloss as an effective technique for improving listening comprehension , whereas the control class is taught by a dictation traditional method. To achieve its intended aims ,there is a test students used, then the data is collected and analyzed using SPSS. Moreover, collected data reveals that experimental class, students were taught using dictogloss which have better comprehension to information heard, and students express positive attitudes towards using dictogloss technique for improving their listening understanding.
Investigating EFL learners' writing anxiety in English class
Authors: Omar Bakhtyar Abdullah , Ismail Chaqmaqchee Zina Adil
Published: November 2023

Writing is a productive-skill that several students struggle with writing in EFL. A proper piece of writing needs appropriate writing skills. Writing skills are crucial for developing the students' academic writing. Thus, good writing is regarded as a measuring tool the performance of students' academic. Anxiety impedes students' performance in writing due to several reasons. Therefore, the prime goal of the current study is to explore the levels, the dominant type of WA and the sources of anxiety in writing English as foreign language. For this purpose, 365 university students participated. The data were collected through implementing two questionnaires. Firstly, Cheng's (2004) SLWAI was adapted to investigate the levels as well as the types of WA. Then, the CSLWAI questionnaire was adapted which were promoted by (Rezaei and Jafari, 2014) to find the causes of WA at Soran university. The findings showed that the individuals had moderate to severe degrees of WA. The findings also showed that the most provoking form of WA was avoidance behavior anxiety. In addition, the results of the CSLWAI demonstrated that low self-confidence, time limitations, linguistic incompetence, fear of tests, stress of doing a perfect work, insufficient and in effective feedback were main causes of writing apprehension.
Using Numbers in the poetry of Al-Mutanabbi and Al-Maarri
Authors: صالح حسين خلف
Published: November 2023

The poetic Signals to the figures are of an important issue , the poetic use of the figure is intentional ,the poet occasionally resort to insert hyperbole and complexity according to events in his life which Sometimes go in this direction , or there are motives behind them, may be intentional or not intentional, these made the poets to make figures as a complement to the poem elements and as the figure adds a grace fullness and influence to the poem ( AL _ Mutanabbi and AL_ Muaary )are two poets used figures conssiously to indicate to a poetic ability and creative movement, because it came as a deliberate move and awareness, but not as an improvisation or a coincidence according to this, the research tries to unveil the figure motivation and discover the poetical equations and their roles in motivating the poetical meaning . The method that the researcher depends on is build on gathering the poetic verses that indicate to the figure which linked to its poetic context this needs to look at the figure and questioning it, this means that I moved from the figure to the Poem and then to the Poet , all of that is to know the progress of the figure .
Semantic fields in the book of the Arabs by Abu Al-Mansur Al-Jawaliqi The animal as a model
Authors: صالح صالح ذيب , عبد سلمان عباس , عزيز نعمان محمد
Published: November 2023

The Flandra Road novel is one of the most famous works of the French writer Claude Simon, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1985. His novel, which dates back to 1960, is full of indications that show the extent to which the writer was affected by the horrors of war, especially the First and Second World Wars. He is a soldier who escaped  from Nazi prisons. In addition to being greatly affected by France's defeats in wars ago. This is what left its influence on the plot of Flandra Road and the linguistic style used in it.

The reader of the novel finds himself in front of unfamiliar linguistic methods, the writer's intention to include them in a way that draws attention, as if it is an implicit message that needs to be read between its lines, and this is the goal of the research that sheds light on three themes that were chosen to be studied and analyzed in order to know the motives for their appearance in this text. The writer deliberately fragmented the language in the narrative text. For example, the narrator appears once with the pronoun (I) and again with the pronoun (he), which refers to George, the main character, who is lost with his companions in the forests of Flandra.

The second theme of the research deals with the frequent use of the subject's noun and the relationship of this use with the writer's influence on drawing and photography. As for the last axis, it deals with punctuation marks that disappear in some places, such as: comma, period, and quotation marks, especially in direct speech, or those that are repeated, such as parentheses, for example, in many passages within the novel.
Reading of Latif Halmats poem(Gorany) according to the method of structural criticism
Authors: Amin Rebaz Mohammad , Rasul Hawkar Qadir , Hamakarim Kwestan Ali
Published: November 2023

Structuralism is a conceptual and methodological approach to describing and analyzing literature texts. This approach sees the text as separate entity that should be treated independently. In literature, (the author, the text, the reader) focuses on the text. Ferdinand de Saussure, a Swiss linguist, semiotician, and philosopher propounded the structuralism theory also known as structuralism. This approach focuses on the literary text, the text is the center for the analysis. It ignores the author's life and environment, i.e. in analyzing the structures of literary text, Structuralism is general theory of culture and methodology that implies that elements of human culture must be understood by the way of their relationship to a broader system. This makes it different from approaches like psychoanalysis and historical-biographical approach that focuses on the psychology the biography of the writer, the environment, and the social environment, structuralism only cares about the text and uses textual elements to understand meaning. From the perspective of Structuralism this paper tries to analyze Latif Halmat’e poem (Gorani). Dualism is a concept of structuralism, and this paper concludes that Latif Halmats poem is based on dualism. The aim of this research is to further clarify the way in which the Structuralism method is applied to poetry in order to further clarify the authority of this method over analyzing poetic texts.
Morphological analysis of the Kurdish legend "Tomatin and Narina Gulbarin" Based on the theory of Vladimir Propp
Authors: Suleiman Fehri Omer
Published: November 2023

Structuralists, in the last century, have sought to obtain narrative maps and specific narrative patterns that can be used to examine folk tales, fairy tales, and legends of nations. After a lot of effort and presentation of various models, among them, Vladimir Propp was able to discover and present a diagram and model by analyzing a hundred Russian fairy tales and legends, which can be used to describe most of the folk tales and stories. Russian and even world fairies were adapted to it. This model and method attracted the attention of many researchers and became the basis of many investigations and researches after him. The story collection Narina Gulbarin is one of the Kurdish folk works that contains ten stories. In this article, an attempt has been made to apply Vladimir Propp's autobiography diagram and his morphological model to the story "Tomatin and Narin Golbarin", which is one of the stories in this collection, in order to determine how Propp's theory is applicable to this story. After the analysis of this story, it was found that the method and pattern of the prop are generally consistent with the diagram of the actions of this story. What is certain is that this legend is consistent with Propp's method and model, and a large number of actions. The actions in the mentioned story are identical to Propp's morphological model. And the main goal of this article is, the adaptation of the prop’s pattern to prove that it is applicable to the legend of "Tomatin and Narina Gulbarin". Another goal of this research is to make more students and researchers familiar with this book and its collection of legends.
Pronunciation Errors in Second-Year University Students’ Oral Assignments
Authors: Hamad Pakhshan Ismail
Published: November 2023

Pronunciation error analyses in university students’ oral assignments, in particular, are relatively rare. This study explores and investigates EFL learners' pronunciation errors that lead to unnatural accent and miscommunication. Fifty oral assignments of second-year college students in phonology class are selected to be analyzed. The study samples are selected from students in the English department, college of Education at Salahaddin university, in the academic year 2021-2022. Various pronunciation errors are observed in the oral assignments regarding single vowels, consonants, sound clusters, stress and intonation. The findings show that the pronunciation errors are primarily due to the strong influence of students’ mother tongue, some deep-rooted learnings from their primary and elementary stage education, and other inaccurate pronunciation models.
The Role of Humour in Motivating EFL University Students in Sulaimani City
Authors: Tawfeeq Hevar Mohammed , Abbas Abbas Mustafa
Published: November 2023

A substantial body of research has been conducted on increasing EFL students’ motivation in EFL classes. Different pedagogical techniques have been defined, and humour is undoubtedly one of them. For English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom, various methods have been found effective, and humour is also one of the effective techniques to help the learning process in EFL classrooms. This paper is an extraction from the Ph.D. dissertation of the author, entitled “‘Investigating the Use of Humour in Teaching Kurdish EFL University Students in Sulaimani City’, in which it was attempted to investigate the role of humour on EFL students in Sulaimani City universities. The current article is based on the hypothesis that humour is a highly effective technique that motivates students and helps them in learning in EFL classrooms. The role of humour in EFL classrooms with Kurdish backgrounds needs more investigation. The current paper emphasizes the role of humour on motivation from the perspectives of EFL first-year students from Sulaimani Polytechnic University (SPU). A quantitative method was employed in which 100 students were given a 30-item questionnaire to explore their perspectives on the use of humour. The study finds that a considerably high number of the students were in favour of humour to be used by their teachers during their classes as they find it very helpful and motivational, which helps them in the language learning process.
Postcolonial Identity Crisis in Selected Contemporary Novels
Authors: Hussein Dizayi Saman Abdulqadir , Tahir Ary Syamand
Published: November 2023

The study argues that postcolonial novels can offer valuable insights into the nature of identity and the challenges of living in a postcolonial world. Homi Bhabha's theoretical framework is used in this study to analyze the complexities of cultural identity and the challenges that actors face as they navigate between their background and new cultural identities. The concept of hybridity, mimicry, and cultural difference developed by Bhabha are utilized to examine and comprehend these themes. It explains how novels such as Exit West by Mohsin Hamid and Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie emphasize the contradictions between cultural hybridity and the need to adhere to mainstream cultural standards. The study also looks at the role of literature in developing our perception of cultural identity and encouraging empathy and understanding across cultures. The study employs an analytic approach for evaluating the postcolonial identity crisis in chosen contemporary novels, which entails an in-depth reading and analysis of the text. This may imply identifying essential themes and motifs relating to identity, cultural hybridity, and colonialism, as well as investigating how characters manage their sense of self in the face of cultural diversity. The study's findings emphasize the necessity of comprehending and appreciating the complexities of cultural identity in the context of globalization. It promotes constant postcolonial debate and reflection on identity as we confront the problems of cultural hybridity and try to build a more inclusive and just society that acknowledges and respects cultural differences. As a result, this study adds to our knowledge of postcolonial identity and its continuing importance within modern literature
Investigation of the Impact of Technology on the Written Production of EFL Learners in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Awla Fareeq Ghazi , Safar Sozdar Ribwar , Ade Jabbar H. , Abdullah Shamal A.
Published: November 2023

Writing is a significant manner of learning a foreign language and can be essential in facilitating second language development. Moreover, it is an essential part of language learning for L2 learners. Research has shown that many EFLs perform poorly in written language skills. Research has shown that many EFLs perform poorly in written language skills. The present study aimed to investigate technology's impact on EFL learners' written production in Iraqi Kurdistan. In this research, a single group pre-test-post-test method was utilized. The research community included Iraqi EFL learners, and the research sample included 30 intermediate-level learners. In order to measure the students' self-evaluation of their writing skills, the students completed the Self-Assessment of English Writing Skills and Use of Writing Strategies questionnaire. A descriptive writing task was used to measure students' writing performance. SPSS22 software was used for data analysis. The normality of the scores was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The Likert scale evaluation showed that Self-Assessment of English Writing Skills with an average of 69.03±25.21 was evaluated at a relatively favorable level and Use of Learning Strategies with an average of 149.83±69.38 at an unfavorable level. The results indicated that the average score of the students in the pre-test was 17.37±2.16, and in the post-test, it was 21.00±1.96. Based on the results, a statistically significant difference was observed between the pre-test and post-test results. In the present study, we found that Iraqi EFL learners' writing skills and practices improved significantly with the help of technology.
The Effect of SNIPS Strategy on Schools Pupils
Authors: Hameed Rasha Saeed , Badie Muthana Mohammed
Published: November 2023

The current study aims at investigating the effect of SNIPS strategy on EFL Iraqi pupils' achievement. To achieve the aims of this study, two hypotheses are assumed to be established. First, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group (EG) who are taught by SNIPS strategy and the control group (CG) who are taught by traditional methods in the post achievement test. Second, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group who is taught by SNIPS strategy and the control group who is taught by traditional methods in a post test.
Gayo Aceh Coffee Supply Chain Risk Dynamics Modeling
Authors: Kurniawan Dedi , Suharno Suharno , Rachmina Dwi
Published: November 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 menghadirkan risiko yang signifikan bagi pelaku kopi khusunya di petani Gayo di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. diantaranya risiko harga, permintaan dan penawaran, risiko rantai pasok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari operasi dinamis risiko rantai pasok pada kopi Gayo yang disebabkan oleh Covid-19 dengan pengukuran tingkat persedian dan keuntungan pelaku kopi Gayo. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data cross section. Data dikumpulkan untuk penelitiana ini dalam satu waktu tertentu. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara snowball dari sampel kunci koperasi/pedagang pengumpul dengan kriteria pemilihan sebagai berikut: (i) petani, pengumpul, dan koperasi kopi Arabika Gayo terhubung dengan rantai pasok ; (ii) petani, pengumpul, dan koperasi kopi Arabika Gayo sama-sama merasakan dan mengalami gangguan (disruption) rantai pasok selama pandemi Covid-19. Adapun Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan permodelan system dinamis untuk mensimulasi perubahan tingkat persedian dan keuntungan yang disebabkan oleh gangguan produksi, Pasokan, dan Penjualan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh terhadap tingkat persedian dan keuntungan pelaku rantai pasok kopi akibat gangguan dari pandemic covid-19. Dari aspek persedian semakin meningkat dengan penambahan stok kopi di koperasi. Sedangkan permintaan menurun. Dari segi keuntungan biaya yang di keluarkan oleh pelaku rantai kopi semakin meningkat dan penjualan mengalami penurunan.
Perkembangan Nilai Tukar Petani Ternak Ruminansia Besar dan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhinya di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Koylal Johny Agustinus , Kuang Stefanus M. , Abineno Jemseng C.
Published: November 2023

Sektor peternakan Nusa Tenggara Timur memiliki dampak pengganda yang besar terhadap kesejahteraan dan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengukur kesejahteraan petani adalah nilai tukar petani. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji perkembangan nilai tukar petani ternak ruminansia besar Nusa Tenggara Timur dengan deskriptif kuantitatif dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dengan model regresi berganda. Data yang digunakan adalah nilai tukar petani sektor peternakan dan nilai tukar petani ternak ruminansia besar selama kurun waktu Januari 2017 hingga Desember 2020 yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun rata-rata nilai tukar petani ternak ruminansia besar Nusa Tenggara Timur lebih rendah dari rata-rata Nasional tetapi kecenderungannya semakin meningkat. Secara parsial hanya upah buruh tani berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai tukar petani ternak ruminansia besar dan secara bersama-sama pengeluaran konsumsi rumah tangga; harga bibit; harga obat-obatan dan pakan; sewa lahan, pajak, dan lainnya; biaya transportasi; biaya penambahan barang modal; dan upah buruh tani merupakan penjelas yang signifikan terhadap nilai tukar petani ternak ruminansia besar.

Kata kunci: ternak, ruminansia, peternak, kesejahteraan
RESPON BAYAM BRAZIL (Alternanthera sissoo) PADA APLIKASI SUMBER CAHAYA BUATAN DENGAN MEDIA PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING DAN KOMPOS Eichhornia crassipes
Authors: Astuti Yohana Theresia Maria , Armanda Agri Fadhlillah Sukma , Ginting Candra
Published: November 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon tanaman bayam brazil pada aplikasi kompos eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dan pupuk kandang kambing dengan cahaya buatan LED dan neon. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP2 Instiper di Maguwoharjo, Depok, Sleman  pada bulan April sanpai Juni 2022. Penelitian menggunakan metode perobaan dengan rancangan split-plot. Mainplot berupa cahaya buatan terdiri dari tiga macam yaitu: Kontrol (cahaya matahari), Lampu Neon 18 Watt dan Lampu LED 36 Watt.  Subplot berupa macam pupuk organik terdiri dari tiga macam yaitu: Kontrol (tanpa pupuk), kompos eceng gondok, dan kompos kotoran kambing, sehingga diperoleh 3 x 3 = 9 kombinasi perlakuan masing-masing dengan 3 ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahwa kombinasi aplikasi berbagai sumber cahaya dan berbagai macam pupuk organik mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman bayam brazil (Alternanthera sissoo). Pertumbuhan dan biomassa bayam brazil pada kombinasi cahaya matahari maupun lampu LED 36 Watt dengan kompos eceng gondok maupun pupuk kandang kambing lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan dan biomasssa bayam brazil pada kombinasi lampu neon 18 Watt dengan berbagai macam pupuk organik.  Ada korelasi positif antara biomassa tajuk dan biomassa akar. Cahaya matahari dan LED mempunyai intensitas cahaya yang lebih sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bayam brazil dibandingkan dengan lampu neon
Efisiensi Alokatif Dan Ekonomis Usahatani Padi Organik Di Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Handayani Sri , Lestari Sri Puji , Nirmagustina Dwi Eva , Nuryanti Ni Siluh Putu
Published: November 2023

Usahatani padi organik merupakan kegiatan usahatani yang identik dengan usahatani padat karya.  Penggunaan input pada usahatani padi organik menggunakan input internal yang membutuhkan waktu dan tenaga dalam persiapan input.  Identiknya usahatani organik dengan biaya rendah karena penggunaan input internal menjadikan kegiatan usahatani padi organik lebih menguntungkan.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat efisiensi alokatif dan ekonomis usahatani padi organik di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Candipuro Kabupaten Lampung Selatan dan Desa Purwokencono di Kabupaten Lampung Timur.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menurunkan fungsi biaya dual frontier dari fungsi produksi Stochastic Frontier Cobb-Douglas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Usahatani padi organik di Provinsi Lampung belum efisien secara alokatif.  Petani belum memaksimalkan penggunaan benih dan pestisida organik, dimana kedua faktor produksi memiliki alokasi harga yang rendah.  Petani mampu memproduksi benih sendiri dan bahan-bahan pembuatan pestisida organik mudah dtemukan di sekitar lingkungan usahatani. Usahatani padi organik di Provinsi Lampung belum efisien secara ekonomis. Petani belum memperoleh penerimaan yang maksimal dari usahatani padi oranik.  Beras organik hasil panen sebagian dikonsumsi oleh keluarga petani, sehingga tidak semua beras organik hasil panen menghasilkan penerimaan.  Kelembagaan dalam menjamin penjualan produk organik dibutuhkan dalam rangka meningkatkan motivasi petani untuk menanam padi organik.
The Impact of Using Certified Seeds on The Technical Efficiency of Garling Farming In Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Lalu Hendri , Rifin Amzul , Harmini Harmini
Published: November 2023

The use of certified seeds can increase productivity and technical efficiency of garlic farming. This study aimed to examine the effect of using certified seeds on the technical efficiency and productivity of garlic farming. This study uses secondary data in the form of cross-sections from the Horticultural Plant Household Survey (SHR, 2014) conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The number of samples used is the same as the number of SHR 2014 samples. These data were analyzed using stochastic production frontier sample correction (SC-SPF) combined with propensity score matching (PSM) to eliminate observed and unobserved biases. The average treatment effect on the treated (ATET) used to directly calculate the effect of using certified seeds on productivity and technical efficiency. The average productivity of farmers using certified seeds was higher than that of farmers who did not use certified seeds. Meanwhile, the average technical efficiency (ET) of farmers who use certified seeds is lower than that of farmers who do not use certified seeds. This shows that the use of certified seeds has no effect on the technical efficiency of garlic farming. There are two alternative policies that can be taken, the first is advising farmers not to use certified seeds or the second alternative is improving the mechanism for distributing garlic seed assistance and developing the garlic seed industry.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DOCENTES NO TELENSINO: A REALIDADE DO MUNICÍPIO DE OCARA-CEARÁ, NOS ANOS DE 1990
Authors: Oliveira Douglas Nogueira de , Araújo Fátima Maria Leitão
Published: November 2023

Este artigo tem por objeto a análise das experiências de professoras/orientadoras de aprendizagem no âmbito do Telensino, na década de 1990, no município de Ocara. Referida escrita é parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, que se estruturou por meio de uma metodologia qualitativa, de cunho analítico, fundamentada em fontes documentais, como as legislações educacionais vigentes no período do estudo, planos educacionais do município de Ocara e em produções acadêmicas referentes ao sistema de ensino que utilizava a televisão como principal ferramenta de transmissão do conhecimento, visando cumprir a obrigatoriedade de universalizar o então ensino de 1º grau, no estado do Ceará. Além das fontes documentais, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro professoras que atuaram como orientadoras de aprendizagem nesse período. Neste sentido, foram utilizadas as narrativas docentes como opção metodológica, com intuito de obter informações sobre o Sistema de Telensino na década de 1990, no munícipio de Ocara. A partir de suas reminiscências, foram abordados os reflexos da “Universalização”, o papel e a atuação do Orientador de Aprendizagem, as dificuldades e os desafios enfrentados pelas docentes no contexto do Telensino para que os estudantes ocarenses pudessem continuar à educação escolar após a conclusão da 4ª série.
AS COMPETÊNCIAS GERAIS DA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR E A NATUREZA DA BIOLOGIA: O ENSINO DESSE COMPONENTE CURRICULAR
Authors: Cristina Cavalcante Torres Luana , Mota Maria Danielle Araújo
Published: November 2023

A Natureza da Biologia busca compreender, sobretudo, como se deu a produção dos conceitos biológicos, os paradigmas presentes nessa Ciência, como também os conflitos sócio-históricos que perpassaram o seu estabelecimento científico. Sendo assim, a Epistemologia da Biologia pode oferecer inúmeras possibilidade para o Ensino de Biologia cuja abordagem pedagógica visa a superação da fragmentação dos conhecimentos biológicos. Tendo isso em mente, o presente artigo apresenta a pesquisa que teve como objetivo investigar de que modo as Competências Gerais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular dialogam com a Natureza da Biologia. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa documental, de cunho qualitativa e exploratória, seguida de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin, para discutir e interpretar a categoria “Entrelaçamentos entre as Competências Gerais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular e a Natureza da Biologia” que emergiu. A partir do estudo das Competências Gerais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, consideramos que três delas podem permitir o diálogo com a Natureza da Biologia, por preconizarem o respeito às especificidades das Ciências. Nesse sentido discutimos a importância de considerar a Natureza da Biologia e promover a Alfabetização Científica por meio de práticas metodológicas que contemplem a Epistemologia dessa Ciência. Por fim, apontamos que esse diálogo poderia estar mais aprofundado no documento, dando possibilidades ainda mais contundentes para a superação de um Ensino de Biologia fragmentado, memorístico e sem conexão com o cotidiano dos estudantes.
A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PLANO DE EDUCAÇÃO EM PRISÕES DE RORAIMA SOB A ÓTICA DOS TÉCNICOS DA DIEJA/SEED/RR
Authors: Vieira Araújo Jucimar , Pereira Fabio de Barros
Published: November 2023

A pesquisa tem como tema central a implementação do plano de educação em prisões de Roraima sob a ótica dos técnicos da Divisão de Educação de Jovens e Adultos da Secretaria de Estado da Educação e Desporto de Roraima - DIEJA/SEED/RR para a compreensão das diretrizes educacionais da EJA implementadas no sistema prisional do estado de Roraima por meio do Plano Estadual de Educação para Pessoas Privadas de Liberdade e Egressas do Sistema Prisional do Estado de Roraima. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir destes objetivos: Analisar as políticas e diretrizes para EJA que estão sendo implementadas por meio do Plano Estadual de Educação em Prisões de Roraima. Identificar os demais programas e as políticas educacionais para EJA prisional, oriundos de outros níveis federativos e esferas do poder púbico que influenciam as políticas curriculares em Roraima. Os resultados da investigação demonstraram que não se pode perder de vista que não basta só a definição das políticas de Estado para a EJA em prisões. Devem-se criar condições para a execução das políticas em várias dimensões: logística, de segurança, material humano, qualificação profissional. A investigação mostrou que há desafios e obstáculos a serem superados a fim de garantir um melhor desempenho das ações proposta para o ensino em contextos de privação de liberdade em Roraima.
VECTORS OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISES IN THE PRE-WAR PERIOD
Authors: Kryvytska Olha , Bratash Myroslava
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the volume of capital investments of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity. Attention is focused on determining the concentration of capital investments of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity. The ranking of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of types of economic activity by the volume of capital investments in the pre-war period (for 2012-2021) was carried out. Based on the ranking of the types of economic activity of Ukrainian enterprises by the volume of capital investments, it was established that the leading positions are occupied by industry and agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The smallest amount of capital investments during the studied period was directed to education and the provision of other types of services. In the course of the conducted research, it was established that the volume of capital investments during the last ten years of the pre-war period had a stable tendency to increase. The only exceptions were 2014 (annexation of Crimea and parts of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions) and 2020 (the start of the Covid 19 pandemic), however, the rapid adaptation to challenges and threats by enterprises of almost all types of economic activity already in the following years contributed to the emergence of growing trends . The fact that Ukrainian enterprises managed to adapt to the mentioned challenges and threats in a short period of time, practically within a year, and already in the next year after the crisis to reach the volume of capital investments in the amounts observed before the crisis was noted as positive. The three leaders in the development of capital investments during the studied period were enterprises of wholesale and retail trade, agriculture, forestry and fishing, and industrial enterprises led it. Entrepreneurship entities in the educational sphere are the least interested in capital investments.
BUDGETARY AND TAX TOOLS FOR STIMULATING INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Povroznyk Petro
Published: November 2023

With a deep conviction that innovation is a key driver of economic development, this study explores the essence of the concept of innovative entrepreneurship and the role of the state in stimulating it through budgetary and tax instruments. Fiscal and budgetary instruments encompass a set of measures employed by the state to ensure the appropriate level of financing for specific sectors of the economy and to regulate the relationship between taxpayers and the state budget. In order to identify problems and propose solutions, an analysis of the level of innovation-active enterprises in Ukraine was conducted, and the structure of expenses for innovation management by sources of financing was examined. The primary budgetary and tax measures to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine are outlined. Based on the analysis, recommendations are presented to enhance the effectiveness of using budgetary and tax instruments to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship, which can contribute to ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy in the face of global technological changes and digitalization. The balanced and coordinated application of budget and tax stimulation tools, guided by a well-considered strategic vision of Ukraine's state policy measures, is one of the challenges of the current phase of economic and societal transformation in the context of ongoing challenges, including war. Prospects for future scientific research lie in a more in-depth examination of the possibilities of utilizing tax incentives, considering existing contradictions and debates, as well as grant support to foster innovative entrepreneurship and ensure the growth of the national economy amidst current security threats in Ukraine.
FEATURES OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF CAPITAL MARKETS PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Kovalenko Yuliia , Korneev Volodymyr , Belinska Yanina
Published: November 2023

Further development and intensification of investment activity in the capital markets are among the main factors behind Ukraine's intensive economic growth. Increased volumes of transactions with financial assets and other liabilities in the capital markets in the economic cycle lead to a natural interest of different groups of investors in these markets, in particular, the money market, as well as the securities and derivatives markets. At present, the capital markets of Ukraine are underdeveloped and lag far behind other markets of leading countries, failing to fulfill their main function—investment. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of investment activity of various groups of capital market participants. It is determined that the main subjects of capital markets are investors—individuals and legal entities that manage investment resources and purchase financial instruments in the capital markets to receive income/profit from investment and/or to acquire certain rights that they grant to owners of financial instruments in accordance with the law. Investors are divided into individual, institutional, and corporate investors. An important step towards studying different investors operating in the capital markets is their classification. Based on a synthesis of the work of Ukrainian and foreign researchers, the author summarizes their classification by the most important features, which are interpreted in various ways, affecting investment activity in the capital markets. Yield/profitability is necessary for attracting financial resources in the capital markets, providing consultations, and covering investment risks in the process of placing and circulating financial instruments. This function is realized by investment financial intermediaries, such as brokers, dealers, and investment banks. The real basis of any investment process is a consistently implemented investment cycle, which consists of stages. Each asset management entity is an integral part of investment processes that have their own goals and interests, without which investors lose their motivation to participate in investment activities, and therefore investment activity decreases at the macro level. Each stage of the asset management process of institutional investors is characterized by the performance of relevant works and operations carried out by various participants in capital markets, which are necessary to meet investment demand through the formation of investment proposals in such markets.
Психологічні основи соціальної перцепції майбутніх фахівців масових ­комунікацій
Authors: Костюченко Олексій
Published: November 2023

Посібник присвячений проблемі розвитку соціальної перцепції як професійно важливої характеристики майбутніх фахівців масових комунікацій. Систематизовано та узагальнено сукупність поглядів на поняття соціальної перцепції. З урахуванням психологічної структури професійної діяльності фахівців масових комунікацій запропоновано авторську концептуальну модель соціальної перцепції вищезгаданих спеціалістів та встановлено її основні структурні компоненти. За результатами емпіричного дослідження проаналізовано особливості прояву соціальної перцепції фахівців масових комунікацій відповідно до стажу роботи, віку, статі, акме-періоду та аксіологічної сфери особистості. Встановлено значущі кореляційні зв’язки між показниками самосприйняття, міжособистісного та групового сприйняття спеціалістів масових комунікацій зі змістово-стильовими особливостями соціальної перцепції. На основі порівняння соціальної перцепції майбутніх спеціалістів-медійників та фахівців акме-періоду визначено психологічні особливості розвитку соціальної перцепції майбутніх фахівців галузі масових комунікацій, які полягають у створенні сприятливих психолого-педагогічних умов. Аналіз результатів створення психолого-педагогічних умов розвитку соціальної перцепції засвідчив їх ефективність та можливість широкого використання у вищих навчальних закладах, які готують фахівців галузі масових комунікацій. Видання розраховане на студентів, науковців, аспірантів, викладачів та всіх, хто цікавиться проблемами особистісного і професійного становлення фахівців масових комунікацій.
Characterization of an N-Allylglyoxylamide Based Bioorthogonal Nitrone Trap
Authors: Lee Daniel , Latour Simon , Emblem Michael , Clark Hunter , Santos Jobette , Jang Jaewan , McGuigan Alison , Nitz Mark
Published: November 2023

Aldehydes are attractive bioorthogonal coupling partners. The ease of manipulation of aldehydes and their orthogonality to other classes of bioorthogonal reactions has inspired the exploration of chemistries which generate irreversible conjugates. Similarly, nitrones have been shown to be potent 1,3 dipoles in bioorthogonal reactions when paired with strained alkynes. Here we combine the reactivity of nitrones with the simplicity of aldehydes using an N-allyl glyoxylamide, in a cascade reaction with an N-alkylhydroxylamine to produce a bicyclic isoxazolidine. The reaction is found to be catalyzed by 5-methoxyanthranilic acid and proceeds at pH 7 with favorable kinetics. Using the HaloTag7 protein bearing a hydroxylamine we show the reaction to be bioorthogonal in a complex cell lysate and to proceed well at the surface of a HEK293 cell. Furthermore, the reaction is orthogonal to a typical strain-promoted alkyne-azide click reaction. The characteristics of this reaction suggest it will be a useful addition to the pallet of bioorthogonal reactions revolutionizing chemical biology.
Multiplying Identifiability of Clickable Peptides Using One-Pot Tagging of Homologous Biotinyl Azides
Authors: Wang Lei , Punzalan Clodette , Bajrami Bekim , Riel Louis , Deng Bin , Howell Amy , Yao Xudong
Published: November 2023

Chemical proteomics plays a crucial role in understanding protein functions and developing covalent drugs but faces challenges in accurately identifying probe-modified peptides due to the generation of only a single modified peptide per probe reaction and potential ambiguities in proteomic identification. This work introduces a novel Single-Sequence Identification (SSI) principle, addressing these challenges by enhancing the detectability of modified peptides in proteomic experiments. Our innovative SSI approach involves creating multiple versions of a modified peptide within the proteomic identification space, thereby increasing the probability and confidence of peptide identification. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method using a one-pot triplex tagging technique that attaches three homologous biotinyl azides with varying polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker lengths to clickable proteins. This tagging-triplication method not only enables confident identification of peptides carrying two forms of tags, but also leverages tag diagnostic ions and the dependency of elution time on linker length to further boost identification accuracy. Additionally, we identified and addressed variability in CuAAC-tagged proteins by suggesting a split-and-pool strategy. The ease of integrating our tagging-triplication method into existing chemical proteomics workflows showcases its potential in enhancing peptide analysis reliability in chemical proteomics. These advancements highlight the significant implications of the SSI principle for future proteomics research. Data are available through ProteomeXchange: identifier PXD037770.
A Unified Approach to (E)- and (Z)-Olefins Enabled by Low-Valent Tungsten Catalysis
Authors: Jankins Tanner , Rubel Camille , Ho Hang Chi , Martin-Montero Raul , Engle Keary
Published: November 2023

Achieving regio- and stereoselective formation of products from simple chemical building blocks is one the most important roles of catalysis in organic synthesis. Repositioning an alkene functional group through catalytic alkene isomerization represents a powerful synthetic strategy for preparing valuable alkene products from comparatively simple chemical feedstocks. The utility of this approach, however, hinges on the ability to control the positional and stereoisomerism to access a single product among numerous potential isomeric byproducts. Here, a positionally selective alkene isomerization in which modulation of the ligand environment of the homogeneous tungsten catalyst grants access to either the (E)- or (Z)-stereoisomer is described. Compared to previously reported alkene isomerization methods, this reaction offers exquisite chemo- and regioselectivity from a simple, commercially available precatalyst and ligand. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that tungsten’s ability to adopt 7-coordinate geometry is crucial for stereoselectivity and that substrate directivity prevents over-isomerization to the conjugated alkene, as is commonly observed with other catalysts. These features allows for exclusive formation of β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds that are otherwise difficult to prepare.
A G-quadruplex-binding platinum complex induces cancer mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo independently of ROS induction
Authors: Kuang Keli , Li Chunyan , Maksut Fatlinda , Ghosh Deepanjan , Vinck Robin , Wang Maoling , Poupon Joël , Xiang Run , Li Wen , Li Fei , Wang Zhu , Du Junrong , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Gasser Gilles , Bombard Sophie , JIA Tao
Published: November 2023

G-quadruplex DNA (G4) is a non-canonical structure forming in guanine-rich regions, which play a vital role in cancer biology and are now being acknowledged in both nuclear and mitochondrial (mt) genome. However, the impact of G4-based targeted therapy on both nuclear and mt genome, affecting mt function and its underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we first demonstrated that the G4-binding platinum(II) complex, Pt-ttpy, shows a highest accumulation in the mitochondria of A2780 cancer cells as compared with two other platinum(II) complexes with no/weak G4-binding properties, Pt-tpy and cisplatin. Pt-ttpy significantly induces deletion, copy number reduction and transcription inhibition of mt DNA, and it hinders the translation of mt proteins. Functional study shows that Pt-ttpy induces a potent mt dysfunction indicated by a high reduction of mt membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate and ATP synthesis, as well as toxic mt morphology switching, but without reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction. Mechanistic study by RNA-seq, Chip-seq and CUT-RUN shows Pt-ttpy impairs most nuclear-encoded mt ribosome genes’ transcription initiation through dampening the recruiting of TAF1 and NELFB to their promoter, which are highly enriched in G4 forming sequences. In vivo studies on a A2780 tumor xenograft mouse model suggest Pt-ttpy’s efficient anti-tumor effects, causing substantial disruption in mt genome function, while exhibiting less side effects compared to cisplatin. Overall, this study presents the first evidence that a G4-binding platinum(II) complex can harm cancer cell mitochondria potently without inducing ROS activity, potentially reducing side effects that shows promise in developing safer and effective platinum-based G4-binding molecules in cancer therapy.
In-situ Oxidation and Coupling of Anilines towards Unsymmetric Azobenzenes Using Flow Chemistry
Authors: Griwatz Jan , Campi Chiara E. , Kunz Anne , Wegner Hermann A.
Published: November 2023

Molecular switches, especially azobenzenes, are used in numerous applications, such as molecular solar thermal storage (MOST) systems and photopharmacology. The Baeyer-Mills reaction of anilines and nitrosobenzenes has been established as an efficient synthetic method for non-symmetric azobenzenes. However, nitrosobenzenes are not stable, depending on their substitution pattern and pose a health risk. An in situ oxidation of anilines with Oxone® was optimized under continuous flow conditions avoiding isolation and contact. The in-situ generated nitrosobenzene derivatives were subjected to a telescoped Baeyer-Mills reaction in flow. That way azobenzenes with a broad substituent spectrum were made accessible.
Highly conductive grain boundaries in cold-sintered barium zirconate-based proton conductors
Authors: Kindelmann Moritz , Escolastico Sonia , Almar Laura , Vayyala Ashok , Jennings Dylan , Deibert Wendelin , Meulenberg Wilhelm , Rheinheimer Wolfgang , Bram Martin , Serra Jose M. , Mayer Joachim , Guillon Olivier
Published: November 2023

Proton-conducting barium zirconate ceramics have shown large potential for efficient electrochemical conversion and separation processes at intermediate operation temperatures. The high energy efficiency, robustness, and intermediate-temperature operation (500-650 °C) make proton-conducting cells promising candidates for future energy conversion systems. However, the major disadvantages of these materials are the inevitable high-sintering temperatures (>1500 °C), leading to Ba-evaporation and formation of high-resistance grain boundaries, which dominate the electrochemical performance. Here, we introduce a novel processing route for proton-conducting barium zirconates, which, on the one hand, significantly lowers the maximum processing temperature and, on the other hand, overcomes the dominating influence of grain boundaries on total conductivity. The key step of this novel processing route is the cold sintering of the powder using pure water as a sintering aid to consolidate BaZr0.7Ce0.2Y0.1O3-δ (BZCY) at 350°C. We show that clean grain boundaries with a high acceptor-dopant concentration are preserved thanks to the recovery of the perovskite phase during thermal treatment at 1300 °C. This compensates the interfacial core charge, resulting in highly conductive grain boundaries, which do not limit the total conductivity. Consequently, dense BZCY electrolytes produced by our novel approach outperform the conductivity of conventionally sintered BZCY irrespective of the significantly lower maximum processing temperature and its nanocrystalline microstructure. Our presented approach opens up new possibilities for grain boundary engineering and might facilitate novel co-sintering pathways for barium zirconate-based components.