bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF HEPATOCELLULAR INJURY DURING ACUTE PHASE OF INFECTION IN MARMOSETS INOCULATED WITH HEPATITIS A VIRUS
Authors: Inoue Osami
Published: December 2008

The histological changes during the acute phase of infection in the livers of marmosets inoculated with hepatitis A virus were examined. The acute phase was divided into four stages according to the liver enzyme changes and ser‐ological markers for the viral infection (Stage I, II, III, IV). Round cell infiltration in the portal tracts was first recognized in Stage I. Localization of parenchymal changes was predominantly periportal in Stage I, II, and IV, whereas the lesion was diffuse in Stage III. Hepatitis A virus antigen (HAVA) was widely distributed but spotty and the largest amount of HAVA was found in Stage II by immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase study. By electron microscopy the endoplasmic reticulum was altered in the liver cells and in some area there was interaction between the hepatocytes and lymphocytes. These findings suggest that hepatocellular damages seen in this model are the result of immune response rather than cytotoxic effect. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1319–1331, 1985.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE BILE SECRETORY APPARATUS AND BILE DUCTULE IN EXPERIMENTAL HEPATITIS B WITH NEITHER APPARENT BIOCHEMICAL NOR LIGHT‐MICROSCOPIC CHOLESTASIS
Authors: Karasawa Tsutomu , Shikata Toshio , Abe Kenji , Kanayama Saburo , Kondo Ryuichi , Oda Toshitsugu
Published: December 2008

An ultrastructural study on the hepatic bile secretory apparatus and bile ductules was carried out using liver biopsy specimens of six chimpanzees with experimental hepatitis B. Although biochemical cholestasis was very mild or lacking and light‐microscopic evidence of cholestasis was not evident, various ultrastructural changes which had been described in association with cholestasis were detected. The significance of these ultrastructural changes in relevance to cholestasis was difflcult to determine, nevertheless electron‐microscopic examination could possibly be the most sensitive means for the diagnosis of cholestasis. These ultrastructural changes appeared to be indifferent to the necrotizing process of liver cells in experimental hepatitis B. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 1343–1358, 1985.
PREPARATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY TO HEPATOCELLULAR MEMBRANES AND ITS APPLICATION TO INDUCTION OF LIVER CELL MEMBRANE DAMAGE
Authors: Sato Keiki , Ikeda Takuya , Katami Kazuei , Ogawa Hidemasa
Published: December 2008

Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to rat liver plasma membranes was prepared by hybridization of mouse immune lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells, and was identified by the immunodiffusion method in a fraction of IgM secreted from the hybridoma thus obtained. In indirect immunofluorescence tests, specific fluorescence was detected only on the surface of rat hepatocytes, but neither on the cells from other organs of the rat nor on the hepatocytes of other species of animals, suggesting that the antibody may be organ‐ and species‐specific. When the primary culture rat hepatocytes, labelled with isotopic cromium (51Cr), were treated with the MoAb together with complement, a specific release of 51Cr from the cells was found shortly after treatment, accompanied with bubbling of the cell membranes, and a significant release of 51Cr was observed at an MoAb concentration of 15μg/ml or more. Without complement, or with inactivated complement, these reactions were not observed. These facts suggest strongly that the cell surface of the hepatocytes was damaged by the MoAb in the presence of complement. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1375–1383, 1985.
MORPHOLOGICAL MATURATION OF TUMOR CELLS INDUCED BY ETHYLNITROSOUREA (ENU) IN RAT BRAINS
Authors: Yoshino Tadashi , Motoi Makoto , Ogawa Katsuo
Published: December 2008

Sequential changes in the development of ethylnitrosourea (ENU)‐induced rat brain tumors were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, electron microscopically and autoradiographically. In 47 Sprague‐Dawley rats transplacentally administrated with ENU, 95 brain tumors developed, including 76 microtumors less than lmm in diameter. Microtumors were found mainly in the paraventricular area, but some were found in the peripheral brain tissue. They were composed of small tumor cells which had round dark nuclei and scanty cytoplasm immunohistochemically negative for Leu 7 and glial Abrillary acidic protein (CFAP). The 19 macrotumors were mature gliomas, 3 of which histologically corresponded to oligodendrogliomas and 16 to mixed gliomas. The tumor cells of the former had small round nuclei with distinct perinuclear halos and a small amount of cytoplasm positive for Leu 7. The latter were chiefly composed of polygonal cells having large round nuclei and rich cytoplasm positive for CFAP. An autoradiographic study using 3H‐thymidine revealed that the labeling index of the tumor cells was high in mixed gliomas and microtumors, but low in oligodendrogliomas. It may be concluded that the constituent cells of microtumors correspond to glioblasts or migrating neuroglias, which gradually mature to form oligodendrogliomas or astrocytomas. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 1385–1396, 1985.
PROMOTING EFFECTS OF BILE ACID TO INTESTINAL TUMORIGENESIS IN GNOTOBIOTIC ICR MICE
Authors: Iwasaki Isao , Iwase Hirosato , Yumoto Norio , Ide Genshiro
Published: December 2008

Gnotobiotes were produced by administrating Lactobacillus plantarum IAM 1041 in ICR strain male germfree mice which were fed by ordinary or high fat diet. Both groups were orally administered 0.3 mg/10 g of body weight (B. W.) of methylazoxymethanol (MAM) acetate. The oral administration of 0.3 mg/10 g/B.W. once a week for 11 consecutive weeks caused a total of 68 adenomatous polyps in the large intestine (an average of 11.4/mouse) of gnotobiotic high fat diet mice and a total of 32 adenomatous polyps (an average of 5.3/mouse) of the ordinary diet mice. There were no malignancies in either of the groups. Bile acids in the feces showed higher values in the high fat diet group than in the ordinary group. Bile acids are a factor which promotes the appearance of intestinal tumors. It was also assumed that the L. plantarum promoted the activation of β‐glucuronidase and alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver and intestine. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1427–1433, 1985.
FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE ADRENOCORTICAL GLOMERULAR ZONE BY INCOMPLETE LIGATION OF BILATERAL URETERS OF RATS: An Experimental Model for Secondary Aldosteronism
Authors: Shigematsu Kazuto , Kawai Kioko , Tsuchiyama Hideo
Published: December 2008

We studied the adrenal cortex, particularly the glomerular zone of an experimental model for secondary aldosteronism produced in rats by incomplete ligation of both ureters. The experimental animals developed characteristic manifestations of the disease such as ascites and high serum potassium, PRA, and aldosterone content in the adrenal tissue. Microscopically, the width of the glomerular zone was markedly increased and this was related to hypertrophy of the cells of the glomerular zone. Lipid droplets in these cells were decreased. The enzymic activity of 3β‐HSD showed a moderate increase in the transitional zone and a slight increase in the glomerular zone. Ultrastructural‐ly, well‐developed mitochondria and SER were seen in swollen cytoplasm and numerous microvillous projections were noted in the plasma membrane. These results suggest that the adrenal cortical cells in the glomerular zone are stimulated by high concentrations of serum potassium and renin‐angiotensin. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1435–1444, 1985.
DIFFUSE MALIGNANT PERICARDIAL MESOTHELIOMA
Authors: Nomori Hiroaki , Shimosato Yukio , Tsuchiya Ryosuke
Published: December 2008

A 67 year‐old male case of pericardial mesothelioma is reported. The diagnosis was established by the gross appearance at autopsy and its his‐tological findings. The tumor arising from the anterior epicardium of the right half of the heart was located within the pericardial sac, and displaced and compressed the heart to the posterior direction. Histologically, large areas of the tumor were composed of spindle‐shaped malignant cells which were arranged in interlacing bundles. The other areas showed the presence of tubular structures and ill‐defined solid nests. Distant metastasis was found only in a small focus of the 8th vertebral bone marrow composed of spindle‐shaped cells. A meticulous search failed to find any tumor in other organs. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as diffuse malignant mesothelioma of biphasic type. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 1475–1481, 1985.
CREUTZFELDT‐JAKOB DISEASE: An Autopsy Case of the Panencephalopathic Type and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Ueda Norifumi , Miyazaki Kichihei , Imai Shiro , Fukunishi Ryo
Published: December 2008

This is a case report of a purported panencephalopathic type of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob (C‐J) disease in a 61‐year‐old Japanese farmer. He died nine months after the onset of clinical symptoms. This variety of C‐J disease was named and reported in 1981 by Mizutani. The characteristic feature is extensive degeneration of cerebral white matter not related to cortical damage in addition to the spongiform changes in the cortical gray matter. The case was diagnosed clinically and at post mortem marked neural loss, astrocytic macrogliosis, and degeneration of subcortical white matter were found. Senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were virtually absent. Degeneration of the white matter is uncommon in C‐J disease, and when it occurs is usually mild, and limited in distribution. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1483–1494, 1985.
TRANSSYNAPTIC DEGENERATION IN THE INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS ASSOCIATED WITH PONTINE GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiro , Sato Tomohiko , Tanaka Tatsuo , Kinjyo Toshihiko , Tanimura Akira , Nagayama Kazuhiko , Yanai Toyohide , Masaike Kozue , Sibao Noriko
Published: December 2008

A case of glioblastoma arising in the pons of a 14‐year‐old boy in whom transsynaptic degeneration was found in the inferior olivary nucleus is reported. The tumor occupied most of the pons including the tegmental tract and invaded into the midbrain, medulla oblongata, cerebellar peduncles, thalamus, basal ganglia, and meninges. The right inferior olivary nucleus was devoid of the tumorous lesion, but many neurons were severely vacuolated. An im‐munohistochemical study using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), and S‐100 protein was performed. GFAP and S‐100 protein were positive in the reactive glia of the nucleus and NSE gave a faint reaction in some degenerated neurons. These degenerative changes found in neurons of the inferior olivary nucleus were considered to be transsynaptic degeneration due to the destruction of the tegmental tract at the pons and of cerebellar peduncles by invasive pontine glioblastoma. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1495–1500, 1985.
ADULT‐ONSET ACID MALTASE DEFICIENCY IN SIBLINGS
Authors: Miyamoto Yuichi , Etoh Yasuyuki , Joh Ryuichiro , Noda Kazuyoshi , Ohya Ippei , Morimatsu Minoru
Published: December 2008

Two siblings who developed adult form acid maltase deficiency (AMD) are reported. The elder sister, a 30‐year‐old Japanese woman whose parents are cousins was admitted because of respiratory disturbance which she noticed two years previously. The muscle histology demonstrated numerous acid phos‐phatase positive vacuoles filled with PAS positive materials, and the muscle enzyme assay demonstrated a reduction of acid maltase activity, thus confirming a diagnosis of acid maltase deficiency of adult form. Her younger sister, a 25‐year‐old woman who had no obvious history of muscle weakness was admitted because of coma due to subarachnoideal hemorrhage and died two days later. Postmortem examination revealed the rupture of a fusiform aneurysm of the basilar artery whose wall showed vacuolar degeneration, and the histological and biochemical examination revealed that she had also AMD of the adult form. It is considered that the fragility of arterial wall, caused by vacuolar degeneration due to AMD, resulted as the rupture of aneurysm. Immunologically cross reactive material against acid maltase antibody was not detected. To our knowledge, this family is considered to be the third of AMD of the adult form reported in Japan. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1533–1542, 1985.
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA WITH GRANULAR CELLS, MIMICKING A GRANULAR CELL TUMOR: Light, Electron Microscopic and Immunohistochemical Observation of a Case
Authors: Tanimura Akira , Nagayama Kazuhiko , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Tanaka Syunichi , Tanaka Tatsuo
Published: December 2008

The tumor that occurred subcutaneously in the left hypochondriac region of an 87‐year‐old female is reported. Light microscopically, this tumor was composed of two kinds of cells, spindle cells and granular cells. The spindle cells showed various pictures such as fascicular arrangement, pleomorphic giant cells in the myxoid stroma and areas with abundant blood vessels. The granular cells contained PAS positive and diastase‐resistant granules, and these granules, being electron microscopically phagocytic lysosomes, showed the same findings as the granules seen in the granular cell tumor. The immunohistochemical studies for S‐100 protein, neuron specific enolase, CEA, myoglobin, and lysosome were negative, but α‐antichymotrypsin was positive. From the microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a malignant fibrous histiocytoma with granular cell changes of tumor cells. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 1555–1560, 1985.
LECTIN HISTOCHEMISTRY IN A CASE OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS COMPLICATING RECTAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Yonezawa Suguru , Nakamura Takao , Tanaka Sadao , Kuroki Katsuro , Sato Eiichi
Published: December 2008

The large bowel from a patient with ulcerative colitis complicating a rectal carcinoma was histochemically investigated by using two lectins; Ulex eur‐opaeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I) and peanut lectin (PNA). Much UEA‐I binding glycoantigen and PNA binding glycoantigen appeared in the carcinoma and dysplastic lesion, whereas only a small amount of both antigens was found in the non‐dysplastic regenerating epithelium. Consequently, a very sharp contrast between the dysplastic lesion and non‐dysplastic regenerating epithelium was demonstrated by the lectin staining. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35: 1571–1579. 1985.
HUMAN DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS
Authors: Tada Toyohiro , Wakabayashi Takashi , Nakao Yoshitaka , Ueki Reiko , Ogawa Yunosuke , Inagawa Akira , Shibata Takashi , Kishimoto Hidemasa
Published: December 2008

The present study deals mainly with the ductus arteriosus of preterm infants of gestational age less than 29 weeks, birth weight less than 1200 g, and postnatal age less than 72 hours. Excised ductus were histologically examined postmortem and compared to those of infants of more advanced gestational age. Intimal cushion and duplication and/or interruption of the internal elastic lamina of the ductus arteriosus were employed as the indicators of the maturation of the ductus arteriosus. The ductus arteriosus of infants with gestational age more than 29 weeks showed histologically more mature features than those of 28 weeks or less. It is considered that there is a relation between gestational age and histologic maturation of the ductus arteriosus.
THE THIRD (C3) AND FOURTH (C4) COMPONENTS OF COMPLEMENT IN HUMAN LIVER
Authors: Nagura Hiroshi , Hasegawa Hideaki , Yoshimura Shinichi , Watanabe Keiichi
Published: December 2008

We localized the third (C3) and fourth (C4) components of complement by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry in liver biopsy specimens from patients without overt liver disease or with chronic hepatitis. In both groups it was found that almost all hepatocytes contained the two complement proteins in protein‐generating organelles, i.e., the perinuclear spaces, cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and cytoplasmic transport vesicles. In addition, the sinusoidal membrane and vesicles that appeared to be fused with the membrane were positive for C3 and C4. The complement proteins were absent from the protein‐synthesizing apparatus of other kinds of cells, but they were present in phagosomes of Kupffer cells. We conclude that hepatocytes but not other cells in the human liver synthesize C3 and C4. In addition, a plausible pathway for transport of the complement proteins from hepatocytes into the blood circulation was identified.
PROTRACTED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGE OF THE LIVER NECROSIS INDUCED BY SHWARTZMAN REACTION
Authors: Shiga Junji , Mori Wataru
Published: December 2008

Severe pathological fibrotic change of rabbits treated with endotoxin was produced. The liver of the rabbits that died within 14 days showed severe architectural distortion through wide fibrotic band which could be called morphologically post necrotic liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in the liver of the rabbits that remained alive more than 14 days thin septal nodular structures were observed. This experimental model is proposed as a tool for the further study of the pathogenesis of human liver cirrhosis.
SMOOTH AND SKELETAL MUSCLE MYOSINS IN SPINDLE CELL TUMORS OF SOFT TISSUE
Authors: Saku Takashi , Tsuda Nobuo , Anami Masanobu , Okabe Haruo
Published: December 2008

Histological localization of myosins of the smooth and skeletal muscles was investigated in comparison with that of myoglobin by immunoperoxidase technique using the antibody against each of them in surgical specimens from spindle cell tumors and tumor‐like lesions of the soft tissue. Skeletal muscle myosin was demonstrated in all of the cases of rhabdomyosarcoma, whereas myoglobin was found in 75% of the examined cases. Smooth muscle myosin was widely distributed not only in the tumor cells of smooth muscle origin such as leiomyosarcoma and angioleiomyoma, but also in the tumor cells showing myofibroblastic differentiation such as malignant fibrous histiocytoma and in the epithelial components of synovial sarcoma. The results showed that skeletal muscle myosin can be regarded as an excellent marker in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma and that smooth muscle myosin is a useful marker of leiomyosarcoma and leiomyomas, and of tumors with myofibroblastic differentiation.
PRIMARY NEUROBLASTOMA OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Hirano Toshikazu , Aida Takeo , Moriyama Masaki , Asano Goro , Suzuki Isao , Yuge Kurata
Published: December 2008

Primary neuroblastoma of the nasal cavity is very rare, and it is one of the most difficult tumor to differentiate from other small round cell tumors. The present case was proved to be olfactory neuroblastoma by histological, electron microscopical and histochemical findings. This is the first case in which biogenic amines were proven by glyoxylic acid‐induced fluorescence in vitro. Discussions were made on the pathological differences with adrenal neuroblastoma.
LUNG CANCER AND CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC SARCOIDOSIS
Authors: Kuhara Hajime , Wakabayashi Takashi , Kishimoto Hidemasa , Ichimura Kimiko , Torii Yoshio , Yamamoto Masahiko
Published: December 2008

Lung cancer and chronic interstitial pneumonia associated with systemic sarcoidosis was detected in a 66‐year‐old woman at autopsy. Histologically, hyalinized sarcoid lesions were scattered in cervical lymph nodes, thoracic lymph nodes, abdominal lymph nodes, and spleen. Scattered non‐caseating epithelioid cell granulomas with giant cells were observed in both lungs remoting cancer and chronic interstitial pneumonia. A tumor mass occupying right hilar portion was well‐differentiated squamous cell carcimona involving right upper lobe and right hilar lymph nodes. In the lower lobe of the left lung, a small nodule of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was detected. Alveolar septa, especially in both lower lobes of the lungs were thickened diffusely with fibrosis, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Alveolar cavities contained hyaline membrane and large mononuclear cells. Atypical bronchiolar epithelial proliferation and squamous metaplasia associated with squamous cell carcinoma were detected. The clinical and pathological characteristics among eight reported cases of lung cancer associated with sarcoidosis and three reported cases of interstitial pneumonia associated with sarcoidosis were reviewed separately. There is no report describing both lung cancer and chronic interstitial pneumonia associated with sarcoidosis.
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEEMATOSUS WITH MULTIPLE CALCIFIED FIBROUS NODULES OF THE SPLEEN
Authors: Kitamura Hajime , Kitamura Hitoshi , Ito Takaaki , Kanisawa Masayoshi , Kato Kiyoshi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a 39‐year‐old woman with peculiar multiple splenic nodules is reported. Multiple calcific nodular shadows were incidentally found in the left hypochondrial region on chest and abdominal X‐ray films taken at admission. The patient died of chronic heart failure due to massive pericardial effusion as one of the manifestations of SLE with 2 and a half years' clinical course. Lupus nephritis and terminal miliary tuberculosis were the other conspicuous autopsy findings. The splenic nodules were almost evenly distributed on each cut‐surface of the spleen at the density of about 5/cm2. Each nodule was spherical in shape and 1 to 3 mm in diameter. Most of the nodules were calcified in variable degrees. Semi‐serial sectionings and reconstruction procedure of the nodules disclosed that they were formed around the central or penicillary arteries and had a close relation to so called “onion‐skin lesion” of the spleen in SLE. The true nature, pathogenesis, and relation of the nodules to SLE are discussed.
PSEUDOLYMPHOMA OF THE STOMACH NODULAR TYPE
Authors: Tokunaga Osamu , Morimatsu Minora , Nakashima Teruyuki
Published: December 2008

A case of nodular type of pseudolymphoma of the stomach was reported. The tumor measured 3.2 by 2.0 by 0.7 cm and was located astride the greater curvature of the muscularis propria. It was composed of many germinal centers surrounded by mature lymphocytes. There was no evidence of a previous peptic ulcer. The patient is now alive without any symptoms 8 years after the operation.
HEPATIC METASTASIS 17 YEARS FOLLOWING RESECTION OF LOW‐GRADE LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF THE RECTUM
Authors: Hanada Masato , Takami Motohisa , Takada Toshiaki , Kimura Masaharu
Published: December 2008

A case of histologically low‐grade leiomyosarcoma of the rectum showing an unusually late appearance of hepatic metastasis is reported. This was found at autopsy 17 years after a curative resection of the primary rectal tumor that had been diagnosed initially as a leiomyoma.
POLYCLONAL PLASMA CELL PROLIFERATION WITH SYSTEMIC CAPILLARY HEMANGIOMATOSIS, ENDOCRINE DISTURBANCE, AND PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
Authors: Ono Kenzo , Ito Makoto , Hotchi Masao , Katsuyama Tsutomu , Komiya Ichiro , Yamada Takashi
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of so‐called plasma cell dyscrasia (PCD) of a 37‐year‐old woman was reported. This case showed typical clinical symptoms of PCD, except for no abnormality in serum immunoglobulins. Besides the typical histological findings often observed with PCD, the autopsy revealed an additional finding of systemic angiomatous proliferation of small blood vessels throughout the body, especially in the skin, kidneys, brain, various lymph nodes, and soft tissue. A peculiar glomerular lesion in this case, similar to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, was likely to be a result of proliferation of glomerular capillaries. In addition, this case showed histological evidence of retroperitoneal fibrosis and osteosclerosis. These findings were also considered to be due to the vascular abnormality. Although the etiology of the vascular lesions is obscure, it is emphasized that the abnormality is probably an important cause of the clinical symptoms seen in PCD.
EFFECTS OF ACTINOMYCIN D ON LOCALIZATION OF ACRIDINE ORANGE CHROMATIN INTERACTION COMPLEX IN RAT ASTROCYTOMA C6 CELLS
Authors: Moriki Toshiaki , Hiroi Makoto , Yamane Toshiko , Hara Hiroshi
Published: December 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of actinomycin D on localization of acridine orange (AO) binding to DNA in rat astrocytoma C6 cells and to discuss briefly the significance of AO chromatin interaction products. Actinomycin D markedly inhibited 3H‐uridine incorporation into RNA and the percentage of AO positive cells was reduced to approximately 40% of that of the untreated control cells, whereas no distinct decrease of 3H‐thymidine incorporation was induced by actinomycin D. Electron microscopic radioautography combined with the AO ultracytochemistry revealed that silver grains indicating binding of 3H‐actinomycin D are located mostly over the euchromatin portion near the segregated nucleolus and heterochromatin and that no or only a few AO chromatin complex was found in nuclei labeled heavily with 3H‐actinomycin D. The results of the present study together with the results of the previous studies seem to indicate that AO might selectively bind to active or derepressed DNA template sites for DNA dependent RNA polymerase in the euchromatin portion of the cell nucleus.
AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON DIGESTIVE TRACT AMYLOIDOSIS IN FERRIC NITRILOTRIACETATE (Fe‐NTA)‐INDUCED “F1 AMYLOIDOSIS” MICE
Authors: Liu Chieh‐Wen , Ogura Motohiro , Toki Junko , Maeda Ryuei
Published: December 2008

The histological distribution and ultrastructural findings were investigated in 52 amyloid‐positive cases obtained from 80 F, mice (32 males and 48 females) receiving 126 to 502 daily intraperitoneal injections of ferric nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe‐NTA) resulting from reciprocal crossing of 20 parental mice receiving daily intraperitoneal injections of Fe‐NTA for 5 months. Of 52 amyloidotic F1 mice 49 (94%) developed a moderate degree of amyloid deposits in the gastrointestinal tract. Moderate amounts of amyloid deposits were sporadically discernible in the lamina propria of the stomach pars glandularis, the duodenal mucosa, and to a lesser extent in that of the rectal mucosa. Electron microscopic observation revealed that macrophages adjacent to amyloid mass were radiating outward abundant bundles of non‐branching amyloid fibrils from the cytoplasmic invaginations. In the cytoplasm of the macrophages there were occasionally acid phosphatase‐positive lysosomes including amyloid fibrils measuring approximately 100 Å in width. Moreover, it is discussed whether fibroblasts or fibroblast‐like interstitial cells are involved in amyloid formation.
BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN (BSA) NEPHRITIS IN RATS IV. A SEQUENTIAL EVALUATION OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM (MPS) FUNCTION
Authors: Kawasaki Katsutoshi , Miyazaki Shigeru , Yaoita Eishin , Kazama Takashi , Yamamoto Tadashi , Kihara Itaru
Published: December 2008

A clearance kinetic study of intravenously administered 125I‐labeled aggregated human IgG (125I‐AHIgG) from the circulation and its distribution in various organs was performed weekly during the course in a model of experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis which was induced in rats immunized 8 weeks previously with 6 times a week administration of 2 mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 4 weeks from week 8 to 12. The removal rates of the injected 125I‐AHIgG from the circulation were retarded in nonproteinuric rats of week 9 and 10, at almost every checked point (p‐value was <0.01). The clearance in those rats with severe proteinuria returned to the level of the control and of rats in week 8. The distribution of 125I‐AHIgG in the liver 4 hours after the administration revealed a considerable decrease in non‐overt proteinuric rats of weeks 9, 10, and 11. A similar tendency of decreasing depositions of the radioactivity was shown in the spleen at each 4 hours. In contrast, the uptakes in the kidney and lung at the final week of 12 were larger. Delayed clearance from the circulation and a decreasing handle of the injected macromolecule in the liver and possibly in the spleen may suggest the presence of some impairment of the MPS function in the course of this experimental glomerulonephritis.
BREAST CANCER WITH REACTIVE MULTINUCLEATED GIANT CELLS: REPORT OF THREE CASES
Authors: Ichijima Kunio , Kobashi Yoichiro , Ueda Yoshimichi , Matsuo Shuji
Published: December 2008

We report here three cases of breast cancer with reactive multinucleated giant cells. The patients were among the 605 patients with breast cancer seen in the past 17 years at Tenri Hospital; the incidence of this variety of breast cancer was 0.5%. Enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic examination suggested that the giant cells were of histiocytic origin. However, results of immunohistochemical technique, S‐100 protein, lysozyme, nonspecific cross‐reacting antigen with carcinoembryonic antigen, α‐1‐antitrypsin, and α‐1‐antichymotrypsin, all currently used as markers of histiocytes, were negative. Because of the rarity of this variety of breast cancer, the biological significance of these unusual findings remains unknown.
HISTOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MTV ANTIGEN IN MICE DETECTED BY IMMUNO‐PEROXIDASE STAINING
Authors: Tsubura Yoshihiko , Imai Shunsuke , Morimoto Junji , Tsubura Airo
Published: December 2008

Histological localization of mammary tumor virus (MTV/) antigen was investigated using a variety of organs high (DD/Tbr, SHN, SLN, GR) and low (BALB/c) mammary cancer mice strains and immuno‐peroxidase staining with MTV antigen. Except for BALB/c strain mice, the mammary gland and mammary tumors were generally positive. Accessory male genital organs including the prostate, seminal vesicle, and coagulating gland also demonstrated a positive reaction, but the testis and female genital organs including uterus and ovaries did not. MTV antigen was also revealed in the serous acini of the salivary gland in both sexes. The site of positive reaction in the accessory male sex organs and salivary gland was located in the apical portion of the secretory epithelial cells and their secretory substance. Localization and intensity of antigenic expression of MTV detected histologically were comparable to results obtained by immunodiffusion test and radioimmunoassay. These evidences support the idea that MTV is transmitted horizontally via seminal fluid or saliva.
PARTICIPATION OF ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
Authors: Shigematsu Hidekazu , Yano Akihiko
Published: December 2008

The participation of glomerular antigen presenting (la positive) cells in the development of glomerulonephritis was analyzed. Antigen‐presentation by kidney cells was evident from the assay of ovalbumin‐speciflc T cell proliferation responses by these cells. Experimental serum sickness nephritis was induced in preimmunized rats by the intraperitoneal sensitization of oval‐bumin, and the participation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the peritoneal cavity and glomeruli was studied. APCs in the peritoneal cavity progressively increased in number following the antigen stimulation, while those in glomeruli were shown to increase in correlation with the development of glomerular hypercellularity. These results imply that the role of APCs in the sensitized area is superior in this model of immune complex nephritis
ADRENOCORTICAL ADENOMA WITH CUSHING'S SYNDROME: Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations
Authors: Matsuo Kenji , Tsuchiyama Hideo
Published: December 2008

Adrenocortical adenomas with Cushing's syndrome (Cushing's adenoma) consisted of two different features, which intermingled in various proportions and were related with each other. The first feature showed long‐columnar or trabecular arrangement and a vacuolar appearance which correspond to lipid droplets of clear‐type cells. In the second feature, the sinusoid was well developed and meandering, and the perisinusoidal space was prominent and contained collagen fibrils, bleb‐like structures, and granules. The collagen fibrils were entangled with the parenchymal cells. The sinusoid was lined by a sinusoidal wall with fenestrations or pores. Bleb‐like structures and granules traversed them. Two different features were speculated to be consistent with areas of clear‐type cells and compact‐type cells, respectively, observed light and transmission electron microscopies.
ENDOCRINE CELL CARCINOMA OF EXTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT
Authors: Yamamoto Masami , Nakajo Susumu , Tahara Eiichi , Miyoshi Nobukazu
Published: December 2008

An endocrine cell carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct in a 79‐year‐old man is described. The patient had complaints of jaundice and epigastric pain due to a small tumor located at the confluence of the common hepatic duct with the cystic duct. Microscopically, the tumor showed a well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and was confined to the mucosa. Numerous tumor cells showed argyrophil and/or argentaffin reactions. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that the tumor tissue contained somatostatin‐, gaastrin‐and serotonin‐ immunoreactive cells. From these findings the tumor was diagnosed as endocrine cell carcinoma. Four years later he remains well without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis. The histogenesis of endocrine cells in the biliary tract is briefly discussed.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF AN AUTOPSY CASE WITH GOODPASTURE'S SYNDROME AND SYSTEMIC NECROTIZING ANGIITIS
Authors: Kondo Nobuo , Tateno Masatoshi , Yamaguchi Jun , Yoshiki Takashi , Itoh Tetsuo , Kawashima Noriko , Kataoka Koremitsu
Published: December 2008

A rare autopsy case of Goodpasture's syndrome with systemic necrotizing angiitis is reported. The patient, a 56‐year‐old male, died of respiratory failure with massive pulmonary hemorrhage and renal failure. The autopsy showed widespread hemorrhage In both lungs, diffuse crescentic glomerulonephrltis, and systemic necrotizing angiitis in the small arteries. Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated a linear deposition of IgG along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) as well as the alveolar basement membrane. A granular deposition of C3 was also found along the GBM. Electron microscopy showed that the GBM was Irregularly thickened and wrinkled, but electron‐dense deposits were indistinct. Anti‐GBM antibody activity was detected in the patient's serum and had cross reactivity with normal alveolar basement membrane. The renal eluates contained IgG antibody activity for normal human GBM. These results suggest that glomer‐ulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage in the present case were mediated by anti‐basement membrane antibodies. We also discussed whether antibasement membrane antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of systemic necrotizing angiitis.
INGUINAL SWEAT GLAND CARCINOMA WITH CHORIOCARCINOMATOUS DIFFERENTIATION
Authors: Nashiro Kazutaka , Iwamasa Teruo , Maeyama Masao
Published: December 2008

An inguinal sweat gland carcinoma is described including the unusual occurrence of αhCG. The αhCG was demonstrated in the tumor presenting choriocarcinomatous differentiation and undifferentiated polygonal cells in ordinary tumor nests. βhCG and SP‐1 were weakly and sporadically demonstrated in a small area of the tumor presenting choriocarcinomatous differentiation. On the other hand, hPL and histochemical reaction of placental type alkaline phosphatase were not observed in the choriocarcinomatous and undifferentiated tumor cells. CEA was observed in both ordinary sweat gland carcinoma nests and choriocarcinomatous differentiated regions. In the ordinary tumor nests, enzyme histochemical reactions of phosphorylase and SDH were positive. And S 100 protein was sporadically demonstrated. In spite of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient died after a short duration of the disease. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 621–630, 1986.
MUCOSUBSTANCE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE NORMAL MUCOSA AND EPITHELIAL NEOPLASMS OF THE LUNG
Authors: Honda Takayuki , Ono Kenzo , Katsuyama Tsutomu , Nakayama Jun , Akamatsu○ Taiji
Published: December 2008

Histochemical properties of mucosubstances in normal lung tissue and carcinoma of 30 operated cases were investigated using various histochemical methods. Epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract were characterized by their specific mucosubstances. Namely, the ciliated cells had a thick surface coat consisting of sulfomucins. Basal cells showed intense reactivity to Ulex europeus agglutinin‐I (UEA‐I) and Arachis hypogaea agglutinin (PNA). The goblet cells differed from the glandular mucous cells in their PNA and UEA‐I reactivities. The Clara cells and type II pneumocytes resembled each other in having a surface coat consisting of PNA‐ and Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA)‐reactive sialomucins. Carcinoma cells also had mucosubstances varying with cases and with cells of the same case, but surface coat‐type much of Clara cell‐type adenocarcinoma resembled that of the Clara cell and type II pneumocyte. Squamous cell carcinoma had only a small amount of mucosubstance which was histochemically similar to that of the basal cell.
A Case Report
Authors: Takubo Kaiyo , Yasui Hiroshi , Toi Keizo
Published: December 2008

The case of a 58‐year‐old Japanese female with strumal carcinoid of the ovary is described. Ultrastructural examinations revealed numerous neurose‐cretory‐type granules in the cytoplasm of both thyroid and carcinoid components. Immunohistochemical studies showed immunoreactivities for thyroxin and thyroglobulin in the thyroid component. Several mucous glands were also observed in the tumor tissue. These morphological findings suggested that the follicles in the thyroid component were lined with thyroid follicular, carcinoid and mucous cells, and also supported the theory that this tumor may be derived from multidirectional differentiations of endodermal origin.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE DEPOSITION AND ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE LUNG
Authors: Yamadori Ichiro , Ohsumi Shozo , Taguchi Kohji
Published: December 2008

A case of titanium dioxide pneumoconiosis accompanied by lung cancer is reported. The patient was a fifty‐three‐year‐old male, who was engaged in packing titanium dioxide for about thirteen years. At autopsy, a papillary adenocarcinoma was located in the right lung. Titanium was diffusely deposited in the lung and was engulfed by macrophages in the interstitium and alveolar spaces. Slight fibrosis of the interstitium around bronchioles and vessels was noticed as an effect of titanium deposition.
HISTOGENESIS OF THE INTRADERMAL MELANOCYTIC TUMOR IN BDF1 MICE INDUCED BY TOPICAL APPLICATION OF 9, 10‐DIMETHYL‐1, 2‐BENZANTHRACENE (DMBA) AND 12–0‐TETRADECANOYLPHORBOL‐13‐ACETATE (TPA)
Authors: Kanno Jun , Matsubara Osamu , Kasuga Tsutomu
Published: December 2008

The histogenesis of the intradermal melanocytic tumor induced in the skin of 88 female BDF1 mice by DMBA and TPA is studied light‐and electron‐micro‐scopically. Four types of melanocytes were found in the mouse skin. [1] The epidermal melanocytes transiently appeared several days after topical application of DMBA. [2] Hair follicles turned into anagen phase and follicular melanocytes became apparent by week 3. [3] After week 3, intradermal melanocytes of the perifollicular melanocytic networks (PFM), which were scattered in untreated mouse skin, proliferated to form the intradermal melanocytic tumors, and 267 tumors, composed of oval melanocytes in medullary growth, were induced in all of the 19 treated mice by week 32. [4] Large dendritic melanocytes located deep in the reticular dermis, which did not participate in the formation of the tumor. Only 3 papillomas were induced in 2 of the 19. Light‐and electron‐microscopically, there was no evidence of migration of epidermal and hair follicular melanocytes into the dermis. Additionally, melanin‐producing activity in the cytoplasm of Schwann cell and perineural epithelium was observed. The histogenesis of the intradermal melanocytic tumor was closely related to the melanocytes of the perifollicular melanocytic network (PFM).
A HUMAN VITELLINE COMPONENT IN EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA OF THE TESTIS
Authors: Okamoto Tsukasa
Published: December 2008

The correlation between increased serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and a human vitelline component of 5 testicular embryonal carcinomas (1 was one histological type, 4 were more than one histological type) with no histological features specific for yolk sac tumor (YST) or endodermal sinus tumor (EST) was presented. In all 5 cases, distinct cells simulating the human yolk sac endodermal cell (HYSEC) with eosinophilic‐granular or clear‐vacuolated cytoplasm were found. These cells contained PAS positive, diastase resistant eosinophilic hyaline globules (EHG) which were positive for AFP. In the embryoid body, the same cells with positive AFP as the HYSEC were also seen. Electron microscopic investigation of these cells revealed basement membrane‐like materials which were observed in organoid structure of YST. Positive AFP in these cells showed no binding to Concanavalin A (Con A), which was similar to AFP in YST. It was suggested that testicular embryonal carcinoma with higher serum AFP showing no histological features specific for YST had a vitelline component simulating the HYSEC and produced an increased serum AFP. Immunohistochemical staining for AFP of embryonal carcinoma with higher serum AFP is useful for detecting a human vitelline component and is important to guess the survival for the patient.
NEUROFILAMENTS OF KULTSCHITSKY CELLS IN HUMAN LUNG
Authors: Torikata Chikao , Mukai Makio , Kawakita Hirobumi , Kageyama Keizo
Published: December 2008

The immunohlstochemical localization of three triplet proteins of neurofilaments in normal Kultschitsky cells and tumourlets of the human lung has been studied using avidin‐biotin‐poroxidase complex (ABC) method. Kultschitsky cells and tumourlets have been stained with antisera against 68 K, 150 K and 200 K dalton components of the nourofilaments, respectively. Ultra‐structural observations of human Kultschitsky cells have revealed the presence of bundles of intermediate filaments as well as microtubules and neurosecretory‐type granules. In the tumourlets, similarly sized filaments were found, but were relatively scarce. Since intermediate filaments are thought to be specific to differentiated cells and neurofilament proteins are restricted to the neuronal tissues, we conclude that Kultschitsky cells of the lung are of neuronal nature.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY ON AN APPENDICEAL CARCINOID TUMOR SHOWING INTRA‐NERVE FIBER GROWTH
Authors: Hirose Takanori , Sano Toshiaki , Hizawa Kazuo
Published: December 2008

Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on an appendiceal carcinoid tumor in a 53‐year‐old man disclosed an intimate association of nerves and tumor cells. Electron microscopy revealed that the tumor nests were composed of neurosecretory cells containing neurosecretory granules and peripherally‐located Schwann cells encasing axons. Some tumor nests were continuous with nerve fibers invested in the common basal lamina. These findings suggest that at least some carcinoid tumors of the appendix show intra‐nerve fiber growth, and that the neurosecretory cells might be present in the nerve fibers from the beginning or infiltrated into the nerve fibers at a very early stage of neoplastic transformation.
A JAPANESE BURKITT'S LYMPHOMA WITH t(2;8) AND EBNA
Authors: Ishikura Hiroshi , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Okano Motohiko , Ishii Yoshifumi , Tateno Masatoshi , Abe Kenji , Nakagawa Masahiko , Nakayama Tsuguyo , Aizawa Miki
Published: December 2008

A 56‐year‐old Japanese man was admitted to the hospital with a large mass in his right axilla. Histological investigation revealed that it was a Burkitt's lymphoma. Ultrastructures of the tumor cells showed immature lymphoid features with frequent lipid droplets within the cytoplasms. Virological studies before the treatment revealed that the lymphoma was closely related to EB virus infection, being positive for EBNA (more than 95% of all tumor cells) and IgG antibodies to VCA (× 5, 120), EA (× 640), and EBNA (× 160). The tumor cells exhibited low levels of cytoplasmic IgM and other properties of B cells. They were positively stained with L26, L27, Leu 14, and HLA‐DR MAb. In cultured tumor cells, L25 and CALL? antigens were demonstrated, but no surface Ig was shown. In contrast, the tumor cells were negative for T cell markers including AcP, E‐receptor, and Leu 1, 2, and 3. Cytogenetic studies demonstrated that the karyotype of the tumor cells was 46, XY, dup (1q), t(2; 8)/46, X, ‐Y, t(2;8), +mar. VEMP therapy was immediately conducted. However, following a two‐month partial remission, a relapse with bone marrow infiltration occurred. Thus, a case of Japanese Burkitt's lymphoma with EBNA (+) and t(2;8) properties is described, and the relationships among primary sites, phenotypes, and genotypes are discussed.
CARCINOSARCOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS: An Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Ooi Akishi , Kawahara Ei , Okada Yoshikatsu , Mizukami Yuji , Sugawara Shojiro , Noto Yoshifumi , Fujita Hideharu
Published: December 2008

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic examinations were made of a carcinosarcoma of the esophagus in an 80‐year‐old man. An immunohistochemical examination showed that sarcomatous spindle cells were vimentinpositive, whereas squamous carcinoma cells were keratin‐positive. No coexistence of vimentin and keratin in a single tumor cell was found. Electron microscopically, the sarcomatous spindle cells were characterized by well‐developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, abundant intermediate filaments, and the occasional presence of peripheral aggregates of microfilaments. No definite desmosomes were identified among these cells. These results appear to indicate that most of the spindle‐shaped tumor cells assume fibroblastic cellular features and synthesize the intermediate filament protein usually expressed in mesenchymal cells, even though such tumor cells could be epithelial in origin.
INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST: An Analysis of 29 Cases
Authors: Toyoshima Satoshi , Inoshita Shun‐ichi , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: December 2008

Twenty‐nine cases of invasive lobular carcinoma were analyzed, based on three aspects of the histology: 1) cellular features such as a monotonous proliferation of uniform small cells, 2) a single file or targetoid arrangement, and 3) loss of cell cohesion or dissociation of tumor cells. Twenty‐four tumors which fulfilled these three criteria were appraised as cases of conventional lobular carcinoma, in a classic sense, while five others were a variant of this tumor. Individual tumor cells of lobular carcinoma were estimated to be well differentiated, both morphologically and functionally, revealing well developed intracytoplasmic organelles and a high percentage of α‐lactalbumin content in the cytoplasm. Nevertheless, the tumor itself was characterized by a lack of any particular structural differentiation in the arrangement of cells. Based on the observation of the histologic features, invasive lobular carcinoma was subclassified into three groups, in situ predominant, intermediate, and diffuse infiltrating and with a definite correlation to the age of the patient and to the prognosis. Validity of this classification indicates that lobular carcinoma progresses gradually, even in the invasive phase, and can be categorized as a slowly growing subset of mammary carcinoma.
MICROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HODGKIN'S DISEASE IN COMPARISON WITH ADULT T CELL LYMPHOMA
Authors: Hasui Kazuhisa , Sato Eiichi
Published: December 2008

In order to achieve a clear distinction between Hodgkin's disease (HD) and peripheral T cell lymphomas, a microphotometric analysis was made on 5 μm thick sections, by illustrating a nuclear density scattergram (NDS) and a superimposed DN? histogram (S‐DN? H) which was composed of cell populations by nuclear size versus DN? content. HD cells (including mononuclear cells, Reed‐Sternberg's cells, and lacunar cells) showed the oblique zonal cluster (OZC) on the NDS, indicating their proliferative ability. In particular, the small HD cells in lymphocytic depletion (LD) meant their high proliferation. The lymphocytes among HD cells showed an euploid diploid pattern. The HD cells of the borderline cases, having lymphocytes with twisted or distorted nuclei, proliferated with higher and wider ploidy than the HD cells in LD. The population of HD cells in the borderline cases was much larger than that of the HD cell‐like cells in adult T cell lymphoma (ATL), pleomorphic type. The distorted lymphocytes fall in the euploid diploid range and had smaller nuclei than the medium‐sized neoplastic T cells in ATL.