bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesesuaian Perairan Madong untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Rumput Laut Caulerpa sp
Authors: Razai Tengku Said , Putra Imam Pangestiansyah
Published: December 2020

Rumput laut Caulerpa sp merupakan komoditas unggulan yang memiliki potensi ekonomi cukup besar. Pengembangan budidaya rumput laut Caulerpa sp. tidak terlepas dari kondisi parameter kualitas perairan. Keberhasilan kultur rumput laut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, terutama terkait dengan kondisi lingkungan perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis kesesuai kualitas perairan Madong untuk kegiatan budidaya rumput laut Caulerpa sp.. Penentuan lokasi sampling dilakukan secara acak untuk mewakili lokasi dari berbagai aktivitas masyarakat yang ada. Jumlah titik sampling ditentukan sebanyak 10 lokasi. Pembobotan parameter perairan dilakukan untuk mengatahui nilai kesesuaian dalam pengembangan budidaya rumput laut  Caulerpa sp. Parameter-parameter yang diukur, diberi bobot dan skor sesuai dengan nilai hasil pengukurannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perairan Madong sesuai untuk pengembangan  budidaya rumput laut Caulerpa sp. Nilai kesesuaian diperoleh pada kisaran 46-49 dengan persentase kesesuaian antara 80,7-85,9 %. Seluruh lokasi sampling dinyatakan tergolong pada tingkat kesesuaian yang tinggi (sesuai).
Profil Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) pada Mata Kuliah Konsep Biologi
Authors: Dewi Tisrin Maulina , Muhiri Muhiri
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) mahasiswa Program Studi Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar (PGSD) pada mata kuliah konsep Biologi SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 6 Prodi PGSD Universitas Karimun berjumlah 25 orang mahasiswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipilih secara Purposive Random Sampling.  Data pada penelitian ini diperoleh melalui instrumen tes keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa dan kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa masih sangat rendah dengan nilai 13,8. Faktor yang mempengaruhi keterampilan proses sains terhadap proses pembelajaran memperoleh nilai 72,83% dengan kategori tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa profil keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa PGSD masih rendah dan harus ditingkatkan.
Propuesta de modelo para el emprendimiento de base universitaria a través del estado del arte
Authors: Benavides Díaz Ana Patricia , Guevara Dalys
Published: December 2020

En la actualidad, las naciones a nivel mundial se encuentran afectadas por una creciente recesión económica que trae desempleo y desmejoramiento de la calidad de vida de las poblaciones. Como respuesta a estos problemas, los economistas proponen el emprendimiento como una alternativa altamente beneficiosa; el cual no solamente amplía la cantidad de plazas de trabajo, sino que, a su vez, sirve para brindar soluciones alternas que satisfacen las necesidades de las comunidades que actualmente se encuentran cubiertas y, muchas veces, generar ideas que solucionen aquellas que no eran atendidas antes. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo elaborar un “estado del arte” sobre el emprendimiento de base universitaria, haciendo un enfoque en la relación que existe entre la educación superior y el emprendimiento. Para esto, se desenvuelven como temas centrales, el desarrollo de las habilidades emprendedoras por medio de programas y modelos de enseñanza, las motivaciones principales que llevan a los individuos a crear proyectos emprendedores y los factores que influyen en la decisión del individuo de emprender o no. Además de esto, se propone un modelo que puede ser validado en la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá (UTP) para desarrollar una cultura emprendedora entre los estudiantes y promover la generación de ideas innovadoras, con miras a la creación de nuevas empresas.
PARBATH: Aplicación móvil para localizar baños y estacionamientos
Authors: Carballeda Guelda , Domínguez Pablo , Sánchez Samuel
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se presenta el desarrollo de la aplicación PARBATH, basada en el sistema operativo Android, la cual es una propuesta para localizar baños y estacionamientos públicos. La aplicación ha sido diseñada para ser utilizada por personas con discapacidad, incluyendo la discapacidad visual, ya que cuenta con diversas funciones de accesibilidad para su uso. No obstante, dada su versatilidad, también puede ser utilizada por otros usuarios que no tengan discapacidad. Adicionalmente, en este artículo, se hace una revisión breve de la literatura relacionada, la cual ha sido tomada como base para el desarrollo de la aplicación PARBATH. Finalmente, se hace una explicación detallada del funcionamiento de esta aplicación y se presenta los resultados experimentales obtenidos durante su validación.
Diseño conceptual de sistema alternativo para la estabilización de taludes con neumáticos usados
Authors: Pérez Manuel Isaac , Jiménez Emmanuel , Arcia Manuel
Published: December 2020

La corta vida útil de los neumáticos y su mala disposición resulta ser un problema para el medio ambiente. Este artículo propone un diseño conceptual para la retención de taludes con neumáticos usados, arbustos como medida de protección a la erosión y un drenaje francés para el desalojo del agua. Se derivan ecuaciones para definir la geometría del talud con el diseño propuesto y se realizaron ensayos para la caracterización de una muestra de suelo perteneciente a un talud en Capira, Panamá Oeste, siguiendo las normas ASTM. Adicionalmente, se realizó un ensayo a tracción con tiras de neumático usado y se hicieron modelos 3D en el software SkecthUp. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran el modelo 3D del muro propuesto, el suelo ensayado que corresponde a un limo elástico con arena; con humedad óptima de 33% y densidad máxima de 13,3 kN/m³, límite líquido y plástico de 63% y 33,7% respectivamente, ángulo de fricción de 22° y cohesión de 36,7 kPa. Con el ensayo a tracción se obtuvo un promedio a rotura de 12,55 kN. También se presenta un Windows Form App para el diseño geométrico del talud y se propone un ensayo a fricción como trabajo futuro.
Experimento de Física de baixo custo para o Ensino Médio: Estimando a resistividade elétrica de tubos de metais não-ferromagnéticos utilizando ímãs de neodímio e um cronômetro
Authors: Silva Charles da Rocha , Pampolha Jr João Bosco Soares , Alves João Paulo da Silva , Germano Renato , Paschoal Jr. Waldomiro
Published: December 2020

O desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico da sociedade exige técnicas de medidas de grandezas físicas cada vez mais precisas, tornando assim os processos experimentais na Física bastante importantes. Neste sentido, a determinação de padrões de medidas internacionais torna os resultados de um experimento particular, facilmente reprodutível. No entanto, devido à impossibilidade da realização de determinados experimentos, faz-se necessário obter estimativas das grandezas envolvidas, a fim de saber se cálculos mais precisos ou aparatos mais sofisticados serão necessários. Na unidade curricular de Eletromagnetismo – materiais e equipamentos, por exemplo, podemos citar a resistividade elétrica dos metais, grandeza importante em vários ramos da óptica. Diante disso, neste trabalho, propomos um método experimental simples e baixo custo para se estimar a razão das resistividades elétricas de dois metais (cobre a alumínio) utilizando ímãs de neodímio e um cronômetro. Esta atividade experimental pode ser facilmente realizada em qualquer laboratório de Física tanto no nível de Ensino Médio quanto à nível de graduação nos cursos de ciências exatas.
Alimentação saudável sob o olhar da Educação Ambiental
Authors: Vieira Lorena Almeida , Santos Maria Mirtes Cortinhas dos , Vieira Thiago Almeida , Oliveira Jorgiene dos Santos , Alves Helionora da Silva
Published: December 2020

O desenvolvimento hegemônico no campo, que hoje se define pela matriz ideológica do agronegócio, tem como base principal a monocultura e uso de agrotóxicos, com objetivo de aumentar a produção de alimentos com o discurso de atender a demanda para a população mundial. Porém, várias problemáticas surgiram devido a essa lógica de produção, como danos irreversíveis ao meio ambiente, problemas na saúde humana, perdas em campo, desperdício de alimentos, entre outros. Considerando esse contexto, é crescente na sociedade reflexões, discussões e ações que visem a conservação do ambiente, e um importante instrumento para a sensibilização em prol da utilização racional dos recursos presentes na natureza, é a Educação Ambiental. Por meio desta, é possível proporcionar a articulação entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento, no sentido de se levar conhecimentos e reflexões, apresentar experiências e sensibilizar quanto a necessidade de preservar, conservar e recuperar áreas, dentre muitos outros aspectos ligados à relação estabelecida entre ser humano e a natureza. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar como a Educação Ambiental pode contribuir na promoção da alimentação saudável, apontando os reflexos do processo de produção alimentar no desenvolvimento sustentável. Dessa forma, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura acerca de Educação Alimentar e Alimentação Saudável. Os resultados dos estudos foram analisados, propiciando uma síntese sobre a temática em questão. Constatou-se que alguns autores apontam êxito da Educação Ambiental como instrumento para sensibilizar pessoas a um espírito ecológico, sendo assim, é importante instrumento na tentativa de minimizar os impactos negativos decorrentes da alimentação.
A escola atual “competente”, sob o impasse ético entre (apenas) instrumentalizar ou humanizar na mediação com as Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação
Authors: Carotenuto Filipo Maluf , Estevam Humberto Marcondes , Pereira Otaviano José , Marques Welisson
Published: December 2020

Este artigo possui abordagem predominantemente qualitativa e é de caráter epistemológico reflexivo sobre o uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação – TIC, no espaço escolar a partir das experiências dos autores.  Realizamos uma revisão crítica sobre os autores que tratam da temática, no contexto educacional neoliberal.   Assim, o texto a seguir trata do uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação – TIC, hoje TDIC, ocupando cada vez mais o espaço escolar. Olhando para um tempo pretérito marcado por práticas de ensino “magistrocêntricas” e instrucionais, ainda resistentes, diagnosticamos uma “pressão” cada vez maior sofrida pela escola, para que esta seja “moderna” - como outros equipamentos sociais, por exemplo, as empresas. Apontamos a necessidade de o professor investir em formação continuada, desde que esta não resulte em adaptações apressadas só para dar conta de uma “competência técnica” esvaziada de uma “leitura de mundo” (Freire) mais profunda, integral e humanizada, como “competência política” (Saviani). Daí, apontamos para a necessidade de uma síntese entre instrumentalização e humanização na mediação com as TDIC. Concluímos que apenas uma “ética da adaptabilidade” (Pereira) ao novo cenário tecnocêntrico e revolucionado pelas comunicações não basta. Nossa hipótese: se a escola não consegue traduzir a relação professor-aluno – foco central da abordagem - como ação de sujeitos (Severino) protagonistas de uma mediação com seus territórios de vivências intersubjetivas, a escola corre o risco de ser apenas “moderna”, mas e não “reencantada” (Assmann) e muito menos humanizada.
Psychological study of the convict’s personality depending on the number of criminal records
Authors: Bindasova Ol’ga
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to an empirical analysis of diagnostics problems study of personality traits among convicts serving sentences in prison.On the basis of the obtained data, the psychological characteristics of negative personal traits of convicts in the aspect of psychological support of educational impact on them are determined.The author of the article used the «Dark triad» questionnaire developed in 2002 by Canadian researchers Delra Paulhus and Kevin Williams. This questionnaire is aimed at measuring the subclinical personality traits included in the so-called «Dark triad»: narcissism, psychopathy and machiavellianism. This method has shown its effectiveness in the diagnostic work of prison psychologists. The key task of the study was to identify statistically significant differences in the groups of convicts serving their first sentence and those who had previously been convicted several times.The study involved 200 convicts. Comparing the differences in the groups of convicts, the author notes their specificity. In particular, high levels of dark constructs were identified from a group of repeatedly serving sentences in places of liberty deprivation.The presence of pronounced negative personality traits form a single global index of «dark personality». Scales of the «Dark triad» that reflect the negative personal core allow to quickly get the necessary indices and identify the mechanisms of convicts’ functioning serving sentences in correctional institutions.Prison psychologists need to take into account the high rates of negative constructs in order to implement psychological support measures for convicts throughout the entire period of serving their sentence.
Problems of criminal liability and execution of certain types of criminal penalties under the new legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Koombaev Abdish
Published: December 2020

As part of measures to improve the justice system and the legal system in the Kyrgyz Republic, the President’s decree No. 147 (adopted on 08.08.2013) and the decisions of the Council on judicial reform established an expert working group to develop new criminal and civil laws. After four years of work, the new Code on offences, the Code of violations, the Penal Code and other “related” laws were adopted simultaneously with the new Criminal and Criminal-procedural Codes, which allows us to see the scale of changes in the legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. In parallel, measures are being taken to reform the judicial system and law enforcement agencies. New codes have introduced rules and institutions that cannot be analyzed in detail in a single article.

In addition, for almost a year and a half, training of practical employees of law enforcement agencies and courts has been organized for the full and high-quality implementation of these institutions and rules, automated systems, separate structures and services are being created, which are equipped with appropriate equipment and office equipment.

For this reason, the author considers it premature to draw any conclusions about the effectiveness of the ongoing reforms, since technical errors and gaps in the new codes are still being corrected, regulatory legal acts are being brought into line, and new regulations and instructions are being developed. This article attempts to give a brief general description of the reform of the criminal law direction, primarily the norms related to criminal liability under the new legislation of the

Kyrgyz Republic.
Asia and Europe: So Distant So Close? The Case of Lipoptena fortisetosa in Italy
Authors: Andreani Annalisa , Giangaspero Annunziata , Marangi Marianna , Barlaam Alessandra , Ponzetta Maria Paola , Roy Lise , Belcari Antonio , Sacchetti Patrizia
Published: December 2020

In Europe, 5 Lipoptena species have been recorded, including Lipoptena fortisetosa. This species, native to Asian countries, was described as a parasite of sika deer and its appearance in Europe dates back to more than 50 years ago. Lipoptena fortisetosa has been recently reported in Italy, sharing its hosts with Lipoptena cervi. A morpho-molecular approach was developed to determine the phylogenetic interrelationship of Italian and Asian CO1 haplotypes sequenced from Lipoptena fly individuals collected in Italy, and their DNA sequences were compared with conspecifics available in GenBank; morphological key-characters (terminalia) of L. fortisetosa were compared with the original description. Two haplotypes were recorded from Italy and assigned to L. cervi and L. fortisetosa, respectively. The latter was part of the monophyletic clade L. fortisetosa, along with 2 Central European and 2 Korean haplotypes (100% identical with one of the Korean haplotypes); moreover, Italian L. fortisetosa female terminalia were consistent with the original description of Asian individuals. Pending more in-depth investigations, this study provides a first answer to the hypothesis of the recent colonization of Italy by L. fortisetosa from Asia as we did not detect any obvious and stable morphological and molecular differences in specimens from the 2 geographical areas. The presence of the sika deer in Europe was retraced and the possible route traveled by the parasite from Asia and the eco-biological factors that may have enhanced its settlement are discussed.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Dermoscopy for Scabies
Authors: Li Feng-Zeng , Chen Shuang
Published: December 2020

The diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy (DS) for scabies, a highly contagious parasitic disease, remains disputed. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of DS in scabies, analyze the factors influencing DS, and explore its role in post-treatment evaluation. Patients with suspected scabies were randomly divided into 2 groups: 71 patients in the skin scraping (SS) group and 73 patients in the DS group. The diagnostic efficiencies of SS and DS in these groups were calculated. We also analyzed the influence of body part and investigator competence on the accuracy of DS. Then 16 body parts with typical signs of scabies were monitored by DS 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. The sensitivity and specificity of DS were 98.3% and 88.5%, respectively. Hands, arms, and the abdomen had higher positivity rates than other body parts (P<0.001). The accuracy of dermatologists’ interpretations of images negative for scabies in the intermediate- and high-level groups was higher than that in the low-level group (P<0.001). At follow-up, the mites were still visible on 43.8% to 62.5% of the skin lesions 2 and 4 day after sulfur ointment treatment. These results showed that DS could significantly increase the accuracy of diagnosing scabies owing to its high sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it may be useful for monitoring clinical responses to anti-parasitic treatment.
Functional Identification of a Nuclear Localization Signal of MYB2 Protein in Giardia lamblia
Authors: Kim Juri , Shin Mee Young , Park Soon-Jung
Published: December 2020

MYB2 protein was identified as a transcription factor that showed encystation-induced expression in Giardia lamblia. Although nuclear import is essential for the functioning of a transcription factor, an evident nuclear localization signal (NLS) of G. lamblia MYB2 (GlMYB2) has not been defined. Based on putative GlMYB2 NLSs predicted by 2 programs, a series of plasmids expressing hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged GlMYB2 from the promoter of G. lamblia glutamate dehydrogenase were constructed and transfected into Giardia trophozoites. Immunofluorescence assays using anti-HA antibodies indicated that GlMYB2 amino acid sequence #507–#530 was required for the nuclear localization of GlMYB2, and this sequence was named as NLSGlMYB2. We further verified this finding by demonstrating the nuclear location of a protein obtained by the fusion of NLSGlMYB2 and G. lamblia glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, a non-nuclear protein. Our data on GlMYB2 will expand our understanding on NLSs functioning in G. lamblia.
Phylogenetic Positioning of a Strongyloides stercoralis Isolate Recovered from a Korean Patient and Comparison with Other Asian Isolates
Authors: Bae Jaeho , Jeong Mi Jin , Shin Dong hoon , Kim Hyun Woo , Ahn Sung Ho , Choi Jun Ho , Yu Hak Sun
Published: December 2020

Strongyloidiasis is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis and is one of the most neglected tropical diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. Although several strongyloidiasis cases have been reported in Korea, genetic analysis of Korean isolates is still incomplete. In this study, a parasite was isolated from a 61-year-old man diagnosed with strongyloidiasis during the treatment of lymphoma on his retroperitoneal lymph node. Diffuse symmetric wall thickening from the ascending to descending colon and a nematode-infected intestine was observed following microscopic examination. Genomic DNA was isolated from a patient tissue block, and S. stercoralis was identified by PCR and sequencing (18S rDNA). In order to determine phylogenetic location of a Korean isolate (named KS1), we analyzed cox1 gene (500-bp) and compared it with that from 47 previous S. stercoralis isolates (28 human isolates and 19 canid isolates) from Asian countries. Our results showed that phylogenetic tree could clearly be divided into 5 different groups according to hosts and regions. KS1 was most closely related with the Chinese isolates in terms of genetic distance.
Cyclophosphamide Depletes Ovarian Follicles in Mice During Both the Light and Dark Phases of the Circadian Cycle
Authors: Koch Benjamin , Roosa Kristen
Published: December 2020

The alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CY) is a potent ovarian toxicant. It damages growing follicles and causes premature activation and depletion of the resting follicles that constitute the ovarian reserve. While there is abundant information on the impact of CY on the ovary and its toxicity mechanisms, the influence of the circadian rhythm on ovarian toxicity has not been evaluated. To test the hypothesis that time of exposure affects ovarian toxicity of CY, C57BL/6 mice were treated with a single injection of CY (75 mg/kg) at either two hours after lights on (Zeitgeber time (ZT) 02) or two hours after lights off (ZT14). Toxicity was evaluated one week after treatment by counting ovarian follicles in histological sections. Fewer primordial follicles were counted in the ovaries of CY-treated animals at both treatment times, and fewer antral follicles were counted in the ovaries of animals treated at ZT02. There was no difference in the number of primordial follicles in the ovaries of CY-treated animals between the two treatment times. These results demonstrate that CY-induced depletion of the ovarian reserve occurs when mice are exposed early in the light phase and early in the circadian cycle’s dark phase. There is no impact of the circadian rhythm on follicle depletion by CY at these time points.
KEYWORDS: Cyclophosphamide; ovary; circadian; ovarian follicles; toxicity; mouse; chronotherapy; alkylating agent
Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Enhanced Agar Composites: A Biocompatible Photo-catalyst for Degradation of Organic Dyes
Authors: Dindorkar Shreyas , Mistry Jaymin , Hire Jayesh , Jain Khushi , Khona Nandini , Peddakolmi Shreya , More Paresh
Published: December 2020

Herein we report the synthesis of graphene oxide-based agar composites using a solution casting method. Graphene oxide was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The graphene oxide-based agar composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-visible spectroscopy. Optical band gap obtained from the Tauc plot showed that the composites could be used in the photodegradation of dyes. The synthesized composite material was checked for its practical applicability in the degradation of methylene blue dye under solar irradiation; with an increase in the concentration of graphene oxide, catalyst, and H2O2, the rate constant increases. The rate constant was found to be inversely proportional to the concentration of methylene blue dye. Dosage of graphene oxide was found to be the most prominent factor in increasing the rate of photodegradation. It is clear from the data for the reaction system that the degradation reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Keywords: Composites; Ultra-sonication; Photodegradation; Methylene Blue; XRD; Graphene Oxide; Kinetics; Biocompatibility
Stripping Material from a Supported Lipid Bilayer with High Speed Buffer Flow
Authors: Ornstead Michael , Hunter Ruth , Valentine Mason , Cooper Cameron , Smith Stephen , Monson Christopher
Published: December 2020

A microfluidic device was created and used to demonstrate that supported lipid bilayers can be deposited on clean glass slides and removed using high velocity buffer flow (1-4 m/s linear velocity). This was accomplished by forcing the flow through a microfluidic channel covering an annealed glass coverslip bearing a supported lipid bilayer (SLB). The removal of bilayer material was monitored via fluorescence microscopy, and two basic regimes were observed: at 1-2 m/s smaller areas were stripped, while at 3-4 m/s larger areas were stripped. SLB removal was verified by two means. First, lipid vesicles labeled with a different fluorescent dye were added to the device and filled in holes left by the removal of the original SLB, allowing stripping to be verified visually. Second, the solutions obtained from stripping were concentrated and the fluorescence in the concentrates was measured. The ability to strip SLB from glass provides a relatively gentle method of creating spatially inhomogeneous SLB, which could be a useful tool in the continued investigation of membrane properties and components.
KEYWORDS: Supported Lipid Bilayer; Membrane Vesicle; Microfluidic Device
Mutagenesis Analysis of ABCB4 Gene Promoter of Danio rerio
Authors: YEAW ZI XUAN , LIM LEONARD WHYE KIT , CHUNG HUNG HUI
Published: December 2020

Zebrafish abcb4 gene (ortholog to human ABCB1 gene) serves primarily in multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanism by effluxing chemotherapeutic agents, chemicals, xenobiotics, and numerous anti-cancer drugs out of the cells. This study aims to identify the specific transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) within the promoter region of zebrafish abcb4 gene and determine the functional roles of these factors in abcb4 gene expression regulation via mutagenesis analysis. First, primers were designed to target and amplify the promoter region of zebrafish abcb4 gene through gradient PCR. The zebrafish abcb4 gene promoter was then cloned into pGL3.0 vector and sent for sequencing. The sequencing results revealed high similarity to zebrafish DNA sequence from clone DKEY-24I24 in linkage group 16, indicating a successful cloning of targeted gene. Thereafter, consensus sequence of zebrafish abcb4 gene promoter was generated with the length of 1,392 bp which was close to its expected size during primer design (1,500 bp). Using MATCH tool, 155 TFBSs were found within zebrafish abcb4 gene promoter region. Activator protein 1 (AP-1) TFBS at 1,255 bp was chosen to be mutated through site-directed mutagenesis. Mutagenic primers (forward primer: 5’ GGG CAA GGC AGT ATA AAC GTG 3’ and reverse primer: 5’ TTA TGT TTC TAG GGA TTA CGT CAC 3’) were designed to substitute AGT with GGG to remove the AP-1 TFBS. By mutating the zebrafish abcb4 gene promoter, the MDR phenomenon driven by zebrafish abcb4 gene can be elucidated and this might provide clues to the development of tumor and malignancy in human. The results from this study may enrich the knowledge in chemotherapy and cancer treatments.
Technical Analysis and Malaysian Banking Sector during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lee Kelvin Yong Ming
Published: December 2020

The announcements of Movement Control Order and Loan Moratorium caused a significant impact on the stock prices of Malaysian banks during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of technical analysis in predicting the stock price movement and the ability of the technical analysis in generating returns. In doing so, six moving average rules used as the proxy of technical analysis and tested in this study. Majority of the MA rules shown positive returns before the various announcements dates. Specifically, this study revealed that MA rules of (2,5) and (2,10) were among the best performing MA rules during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also recommends the investors to use the signals emitted by the technical indicator as the reference for their investment decision in the banks’ stock.
Character Education Curriculum in the Government of Indonesia Strengthening Character Education Program
Authors: Buchori Muslim Ahmad
Published: December 2020

Character education is ethics education, character education, moral education, and value education which aims to shape each individual into a human with character, namely by planting positive character values so that they can be internalized in oneself and manifest in real action. Character education plays an important role in aspects of human life because being a human being with character will be able to live in a wider community dimension with a firm life principle. The Indonesian government has designed a program aimed at shaping cultured, quality, and character Indonesian people. In Presidential Regulation Number 87 of 2017 concerning strengthening character education, the government requires every educational institution in Indonesia both formal, informal, and non-formal to carry out the â€œPenguatan Pendidikan Karakterâ€ (PPK) movement. The values that need to be instilled in character education include aspects of religion, humanity, and citizenship. In implementing character education, the principal must also involve all elements of the family, community, and school, and this education must be carried out continuously because character education is an education that will never end.
Retrospective analysis of epizootic situation in sheep pox and goat pox
Authors:   Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory, Chernykh Oleg Yu. , Mishchenko Aleksey V. , Mishchenko Vladimir A. , Karaulov Anton K. , Petrova Olga N. ,   Federal Centre of Animal Health, Krivonos Roman A. ,   Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region
Published: December 2020

Sheep pox and goat pox are highly contagious transboundary diseases of sheep and goats caused by viruses belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus of the Poxviridae. These infections of goats are subject to mandatory notification to the OIE. Diseases cause great economic damage to sheep and goat breeding, due to the death and forced slaughter of sick animals, a decrease in productivity, the cost of conducting veterinary and sanitary, security and quarantine measures. It should also be noted social significance, since often diseased animals are the only means of subsistence for the owners. The authors carried out a retrospective analysis of the epizootic situation of sheep pox and goat pox in the Russian Federation and Mongolia. Epizootic characteristics were assessed using the OIE databases. Materials obtained by the authors during business trips, as well as information published in scientific articles were used in analyzing the data. Smallpox of sheep and goat in the Russian Federation appear as sporadic cases and mainly in the regions of the Far Eastern and Siberian federal districts, bordering with China and Mongolia. The data of the phylogenetic analysis of the causative agent that caused the outbreaks of the disease in Transbaikalia served as the basis for the conclusion that the virus was introduced from China. The results of surveys of foci of sheep pox in the Republic of Dagestan and the Republic of Kalmykia suggest the probable introduction of the pathogen from the regions of Kazakhstan that were previously unsuccessful for sheep pox. Mainly sheep pox was recorded in the Russian Federation during the analyzed period. Isolated cases of goat pox are 22 explained by the small population of these animals. Smallpox of sheep and goats are constantly reported in Central Asian countries. For the constituent entities of the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts, the border countries endemic for sheep pox pose a great threat.
Indirect hemagglutination reaction in ram infectious epididymitis for indication of Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial
Authors: Chernykh Oleg Yu. , Yanikova Elmira A. , Mikailov Mikail M. , Khalikov Akhmed A. , Gulieva Atiya T. ,   Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute
Published: December 2020

The reaction of indirect hemagglutination with an antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum is one of the promising methods for identifying the causative agent of infectious diseases or antigen. This preparation has not yet been developed for the diagnosis of infectious epididymitis of rams. The results of the preparation of an antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum in the reaction of indirect hemagglutination for the detection of the causative agent of infectious epididymitis in various biological material are presented in the article. As a result of scientific research, authors developed the method for obtaining an original Brucella ovis antibody diagnosticum for the reaction of indirect hemagglutination by sensitizing sheep erythrocytes with hyperimmune Brucella ovis serum using alizarin blue indicator of the epididymitic pathogen or antigen in biomaterial as the conjugate. Studies have shown the specificity and higher sensitivity of the indirect hemagglutination reaction with the antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum, compared with the antibody neutralization reaction and the bacteriological method, and its suitability for the indication of Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial and environmental objects. It was also found that the reaction of indirect hemagglutination with antibody diagnosticum is much faster than the reaction of neutralization of antibodies and the bacteriological method. Research to improve the diagnosis of infectious ram epididymitis caused by Brucella ovis has been completed with the development of the antibody erythrocyte diagnosticum for the indirect hemagglutination reaction.The high specificity and activity of this preparationwas established by the authors. As a result of the studies carried out to test the diagnostic value of the antibody diagnosticum, a higher sensitivity of the indirect hemagglutination reaction using the new antibody diagnosticum, compared with the neutralization reaction of antibodies and the bacteriological method, and the suitability of using the diagnosticum for the indication of the Brucella ovis antigen in biomaterial, was established, which meets the requirements for express methods for detecting antigens in pathological material.
Detection of chicken DNA in meat products sold in Moscow and Moscow region by polymerase chain reaction
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Skryabin, Menshikova Zinaida N. , Lyubkina Ksenia O. , Devrishova Zelikha S. , Preobrazhenskaya Anastasiya S. , Belousov Vasiliy I. , Nurlygayanova Gulnara A. ,   Central Scientific and Methodological Veterinary Laboratory
Published: December 2020

The most common type of falsification of animal products is the substitution of raw materials of more valuable types with less valuable ones, including poultry meat. This paper presents the results of identification of undeclared chicken DNA in meat products using real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect falsification of products sold in Moscow and the Moscow region. As a result of PCR research, chicken DNA (Gallus gallus) was found in six out of ten samples of meat products, but semi-quantitative analysis excluded one meat product, since the amount of the desired component was less than one percent. All ten samples were also subjected to organoleptic evaluation, physical and chemical studies, luminescent microscopy, and the determination of safety indicators (the number of chemical elements, pesticides, antibiotics, and radionuclides). The results of comprehensive research did not reveal any deviations. Thus, the method of polymerase chain reaction allows you to determine the type of raw materials in the composition of minced meat products, finely ground semi-finished products, including those subjected to heat treatment. To accurately confirm the presence of falsification of meat products detected by PCR-RV, not only qualitative analysis, but also quantitative analysis is necessary.
Monitoring of sanitary and hygienic state of water bodies in the republic of Dagestan for egg contamination of intestinal cestodes Triaenophorus Nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus Crassus (Forel, 1868)
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Alieva Kamilla G. , Kaloshkina Inna M. ,   Krasnodar regional station of fighting against animal diseases, Mirzoeva Nazifat M. ,   Kabardino-Balkaria State University named after Kh.M. Berbekova, Bittirov Anatoly M. ,   Kabardino-Balkaria State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov, Medvedeva Anna M. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: December 2020

Authors monitored the sanitary and hygienic state of the river and pond basin of the Republic of Dagestan for contamination of the cestodes Triaenophorus nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus crassus (Forel, 1868) eggs. The water pollution of 25 rivers and pond water bodies of Dagestan with eggs of the cestodes Triaenophorus nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus crassus (Forel, 1868) was studied in winter, spring, summer and autumn in control sections by researching 2 500 water samples using conventional methods in the laboratory of invasive diseases of animals and birds. For the presence of eggs of the cestodes Triaenophorus nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus crassus (Forel, 1868), using conventional methods in different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn), 100-200 samples of water and silt of vegetation of pond reservoirs in natural zones were examined. According to the results of the sanitary and hygienic examination of water and silt of natural and pond water bodies of the Republic of Dagestan for the contamination of the cestodes Triaenophorus nodulosus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus crassus (Forel, 1868) eggs, it is possible to state moderate and high levels of water pollution with eggs of these cestodes species. According to the sanitary and hygienic state, natural and pond water bodies of the Republic of Dagestan in all natural and climatic zones are unsuccessful foci of trienophorous fish invasion by eggs of the Triaenophorus nodulosus Triaenophorus (Pallas, 1781) and Triaenophorus crassus. (Forel, 1868).
Epizootic situation on bovine leucose in Laksky municipal district of Dagestan
Authors:   Caspian zonal research veterinary institute - branch of the Federal agrarian scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan, Budulov Nurdin R. , Salikhov Yusup S. , Shikhragimov Eldar M. ,   Caspian zonal research veterinary institute - branch of the Federal agrarian scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan
Published: December 2020

Results of the assessment of the epizootic situation on bovine leucose in Laksky district of the Republic of Dagestan for 2013-2019 are presented in the article. Authors established that the disease was recorded throughout the study period in various settlements and farms of the region. During monitoring studies in the municipal district, where the real work was carried out in 20052008, the level of infection of animals, on average, was 23,64%, the incidence rate - 2,88%. In 2013-2017 BLV infection was recorded almost every year in 35,29% of households. At the same time, the level of infection of animals annually ranged from 1,68 in 2013 to 6,74% in 2014, with a tendency to decrease to 2,68% in 2015, 1,92-2,53% in 2016-2017, making up, on average, 3,11±0.93% of the number examined for the analyzed five years. With the implementation of the republican target program in the region, cattle serological coverage increased from 4,04% in 2013-2017 to 84,27% in 2018-2019. At the same time, the incidence of new cases of seropositive animals decreased from 3,11 to 1,87%, respectively. In particular, the number of farms that were safe on BLV infection has increased, on average, from 8,8 to 60. In 2019 out of 92 agricultural enterprises, peasant farms, personal subsidiary farms, and individual entrepreneurial farms, 76 (82,61%) were prosperous on leukemia. In 16 (17,39%) households the infection of animals with leukemia virus was from 0,28 to 39,33%. Authors recommended timely removal of not only seropositive animals from the herd, but also regular serological examination of the herd to identify animals in direct contact with previously isolated virus carriers in bovine leukemia dysfunctional farms, which is the basis for recovery and control of epizootic well-being for leukemia.
Hygiene of microbiota of broiler chickens with introduction of sorbent additive based on tripoli
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - MVA named after K.I. Skryabin, Kochish Ivan I. , Krasochko Petr A. , Kapitonova Elena A. ,   Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Lysenko Aleksandr A. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Krivonos Roman A. ,   Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region, Chernykh Oleg Yu. ,   Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory
Published: December 2020

Currently, mycotoxicosis and losses of poultry farming from non-communicable diseases are not a solved problem. The microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, under the influence of the feed components, undergoes a qualitative change throughout the entire period of poultry growing. Authors in dynamics carried out studies to study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota of broiler chickens and its response to the impact of the feed additive «MeKaSorb». Introduction of various sorbent additives into the diet, including those based on tripoli, improves detoxification processes, regulates mineral, enzyme, hormonal and vitamin metabolism in the body of poultry. Ensuring maximum hygiene of the broiler microbiota allows to reduce the toxic load on the body of young poultry, ensure high safety of the livestock and get the maximum amount of products. Improving the sanitary quality and safety of food, as well as the prevention of diseases in poultry and humans is the most important task that must be addressed by the chief specialists at poultry farms. It has been established that the introduction of a patented additive-sorbent of mycotoxins based on tripoli «MeKaSorb» ensures the hygiene of the microbiota of broiler chickens, stimulates the growth and development of lacto- and bifidoflora, reduces the number of aerobic microorganisms and inhibits the reproduction and colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by bacteria of the intestinal group. Feed additive «MeKaSorb» is recommended for use in compound feeds for preventive purposes when growing poultry.
Acute toxicity of an insecticidal little containing ivermectin and fipronil for white mice
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology, Levchenko Mikhail A. , Sennikova Natalia A. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology
Published: December 2020

Toxicological assessment is a mandatory research step in the development of new insecticidal drugs. At the All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology, a prototype of the insecticidal bait Mukhnet IF was obtained with an active ingredient content of 0.06% ivermectin and 0.015% fipronil, which showed a highly effective effect against houseflies. This work presents the results of the study of acute oral toxicity of the above agent. For this, male white mice with a live weight of 16-26 g were selected. They were kept on a starvation diet for one day in individual houses with water. The drug was given in mg/kg body weight the next day. A total of 33 doses have been tested, ranging from 100 mg/kg to 40,000 mg/kg. The animals were observed for 14 days. According to the research results, it was revealed that at doses up to 20,000 mg/kg there were no signs of intoxication, but when tested at 25,000 mg/kg in some mice, these signs were noted, and at 30,000, 35,000 and 40,000 mg/kg deaths were recorded 20±10, 45±30 and 60±20%, respectively. It was not possible to test the drug over the last above dose due to incomplete eaten by mice. According to the degree of danger for warm-blooded animals, the drug belongs to the 4th class of low-hazard drugs (average lethal dose of 5000 mg/kg or more) in accordance with the classification of GOST 12.1.007-76. When analyzing the literature data on the toxicological characteristics of preparations containing ivermectin and chlorfenapyr, it was revealed that the insecticidal agent in its acute toxicity for warm-blooded animals is comparable to known analogues.
Morphofunctional changes in sable organs and tissues in parvovirus enteritis
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Rabbit Breeding named after V.A. Afanasyev, Semikrasova Alla N. , Petrova Irina V. , Zhilina Kseniya V. , Popov Dmitry V. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Rabbit Breeding named after V.A. Afanasyev
Published: December 2020

High resistance of the caged sable to infectious diseases was noted during the long-term practice of fur-bearing animals breeding. But in recent years, local epizootics in sables, manifested by enteritis, have increasingly begun to appear in fur farms. Parvovirus enteritis was established in the laboratory study of pathological material from sick animals by PCR and RHA. The causative agent of this disease is a virus belonging to the Parvoviridae family, the genome of which is represented by single-stranded DNA. The structure of the virion makes all parvoviruses very stable in the external environment. Carnivore parvoviruses penetrate almost all cells of the body, and reproduce only in the most mitotically active tissues, which is the constantly reproducing intestinal epithelium. Parvoviruses are characterized, on the one hand, by a high (up to 98.5%) degree of genome identity and, on the other hand, by pronounced antigenic variability and genomic polymorphism. This indicates the possibility of interspecific transmission and damage to side (random) hosts, which can serve as a reservoir for recombination and selection of strains with new antigenic properties and species tropism. Since 2017, employees of the Research Institute of Fur-Bearing and Rabbit Breeding named after V.A. Afanasyev, monitoring studies are carried out in various animal farms of the Russian Federation, where sable is bred and from pathological material from sables that have died with clinical signs of enteritis, the DNA of parvovirus is often isolated by PCR. Since the totality of the data obtained suggests the danger of the disease for the unique Russian sable with parvovirus enteritis, the study of morphological and functional changes in sables is an urgent task.
Health Beliefs Regarding Medicine Use of Mothers Whose Children Are Hospitalized in a University Hospital and Knowledge and Practices of Mothers Towards Rational Use of Medicines in Their Children
Authors: Kolukisa Tugce , Ozturk Sahin Ozlem
Published: December 2020

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the health beliefs of mothers with children hospitalized at a university hospital regarding medicine use and their knowledge and practices towards rational use of medicines in the children.

Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study was conducted between 15 July and 15 October 2018 at the Karabük University Research and Training Hospital with 260 mothers. A Participant Information Form and the Drug Use Health Beliefs Scale were used as the data collection tools.

Results: It was determined that only 10.8% (n=28) of the mothers had knowledge about rational use of medicines. The mothers’ Drug Use Health Beliefs Scale total mean score was 150.91 ± 15.13. 93.5% (n=243) of the mothers used antipyretics, whereas only 17.7% (n=43) of them used antipyretics recommended by a doctor. The mothers who read the package inserts of medicine had a significantly higher mean scale score than those who did not.

Conclusion: The mothers had insufficient knowledge on rational use of medicines, but their health beliefs related to prescription medicine use were high. However, the mothers used antipyretic, analgesic, antibiotic and cough medicines in their children without consulting a doctor, whereas the majority of them used particularly antipyretics without a doctor’s recommendation.

Keywords: rational use of medicines, Drug Use Health Beliefs Scale, children, mothers