bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the Potential of La/Bi2S3 Catalyst for Photodegradation of Acid Yellow 42 Dye under Visible Light
Authors: Fenelon Ernso , Ni’am Achmad Chusnun , Wang Ya-Fen , You Sheng-Jie
Published: October 2022

The new catalyst (La/Bi2S3) applies for the photodegradation of Acid Yellow 42 (AY42) dye under visible light in this study. The La/Bi2S3 material is the motivating catalyst due to the excellent ability of Lanthanum (La) to increase the adsorption capacity and electron‐hole separation of Bi2S3 for enhancing the degradation of AY42. The characterization analysis of the prepared material confirms a successful synthesis using the hydrothermal method. The efficiency of photodegradation AY42 using La/Bi2S3 is higher than pure Bi2S3. La on Bi2S3 (doped at 3%), which is devised on adsorption (40.24%) and photodegradation (51.86%), has the best degradation efficiency (92.1%). The trapping experiment and the analysis of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra explain that the hydroxyl radical is the most active species in this photocatalytic process due to the total degradation efficiency decreasing from 92.1% to 57.16% by the scavenger using isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The hole (h+) shows its importance in the photodegradation of AY42 by detecting that OH- is the intermediate species. The new material (La/Bi2S3) also shows excellent photostability in the reusability test. Finally, the result confirms that La is a suitable doping metal for Bi2S3 and is interesting for practical application under visible light. The new catalyst (La/Bi2S3) applies for the photodegradation of Acid Yellow 42 (AY42) dye under visible light in this study. The La/Bi2S3 material is the motivating catalyst due to the excellent ability of Lanthanum (La) to increase the adsorption capacity and electron‐hole separation of Bi2S3 for enhancing the degradation of AY42. The characterization analysis of the prepared material confirms a successful synthesis using the hydrothermal method. The photodegradation efficiency of AY42 using La/Bi2S3is higher than pure Bi2S3. The doping of 3% weight of La on Bi2S3 shows the optimum degradation efficiency of 92.1%, devised on adsorption (40.24%) and photodegradation (51.86%). The pure Bi2S3 (46.7%) contains 17.1% of adsorption and 29.6% of photodegradation. The trapping experiment and the analysis of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra explain that the hydroxyl radical is the most active species in this photocatalytic process due to the total degradation efficiency decreasing from 92.1% to 57.16% by the scavenger using isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The hole (h+) shows its importance in the photodegradation of AY42 by detecting that OH- is the intermediate species. The new material (La/Bi2S3) also shows excellent photostability in the reusability test. Finally, the result confirms that La is a suitable doping metal for Bi2S3 and is interesting for practical application under visible light.
Effect of Rape Straw Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Fly Ash Concrete
Authors: Lu Xiao-yu , Zhao Zhuang
Published: October 2022

As a renewable resource, rape straw has rich fibrous tissue on the surface and woody parts, which can provide high toughness and tensile strength. However, rape straw is usually treated by on‐site incineration, causing severe damage to the ecological environment and resources. Rape straw fiber (RSF) is added into fly ash concrete (FAC) to reuse rape straw effectively, protect the environment, and develop green and renewable building materials. In this test, RSF is divided into 4 volume additions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% and 3 length intervals of 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 mm to study the mechanical properties and microstructure of FAC. Results showed that RSF with a volume content of 0.1%–0.2% and a length of 30–40 mm can effectively improve the mechanical properties of FAC. Still, the excessive incorporation of large RSF can reduce the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and ultrasonic velocity of FAC. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and sound velocity of specimens with a volume content of 0.2% and size length of 30–40 mm increased by 8.73%, 11.37%, and 7.60%, respectively, compared with those of the control group. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that RSF mixed with the appropriate amount of FAC presented the absence of agglomeration, the presence of bifurcation cracking, and other phenomena, and the ability to combine closely with FAC to fill internal pores and improve the mechanical properties of the FAC effectively.
Convergence Analysis of a Modified Forward-Backward Splitting Algorithm for Minimization and Application to Image Recovery
Authors: Kankam Kunrada , Cholamjiak Watcharaporn , Cholamjiak Prasit
Published: October 2022

Many applications in applied sciences and engineering can be considered as the convex minimization problem with the sum of two functions. One of the most popular techniques to solve this problem is the forward-backward algorithm. In this work, we aim to present a new version of splitting algorithms by adapting with Tseng’s extragradient method and using the linesearch technique with inertial conditions. We obtain its convergence result under mild assumptions. Moreover, as applications, we provide numerical experiments to solve image recovery problem. We also compare our algorithm and demonstrate the efficiency to some known algorithms.
Performance Enhancement of Hybrid Energy Devices Using Cooling Patches
Authors: Lee Jaehwan , Cho Kyoungah , Park Yoonbeom , Park Sungeun , Song Hee-eun , Kim Sangsig
Published: October 2022

In this study, we demonstrated the enhancement of the output power of a hybrid energy device (HED) using a cooling patch that does not consume any external electric power. The HED consisted of a photovoltaic cell (PVC) and a thermoelectric generator (TEG); the cooling patch was attached to the TEG. When the PVC was exposed to solar irradiance, the cooling patch lowered the temperature of the PVC and increased the thermal gradient across the TEG, thereby increasing the output power. For an HED with a cooling patch at an irradiance of 1000 W/m2, the output power increased to 24.2 mW, as compared to the output power of 19.9 mW for an HED without any cooling patch.
Numerical and Analytical Simulations of Nonlinear Time Fractional Advection and Burger’s Equations
Authors: Khan Hassan , Khan Qasim , Tchier Fairouz , Ibrarullah  , Hincal Evren , Singh Gurpreet , Tawfiq F. M. O. , Khan Shahbaz
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the higher nonlinear problems of fractional advection-diffusion equations and systems of nonlinear fractional Burger’s equations are solved by using two sophisticated procedures, namely, the q-homotopy analysis transform method and the residual power series method. The proposed methods are implemented with the Caputo operator. The present techniques are utilised in a very comprehensive and effective manner to obtain the solutions to the suggested fractional-order problems. The nonlinearity of the problem was controlled tactfully. The numerical results of a few examples are calculated and analyzed. The tables and graphs are constructed to understand the higher accuracy and applicability of the current method. The obtained results that are in good contact with the actual dynamics of the given problem, which is verified by the graphs and tables. The present techniques require fewer calculations and are associated with a higher degree of accuracy, and therefore can be extended to solve other high nonlinear fractional problems.
Effects on Autophagy of Moxibustion at Governor Vessel Acupoints in APP/PS1double-Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mice through the lncRNA Six3os1/miR-511-3p/AKT3 Molecular Axis
Authors: Jia Yu-Mei , Zhu Cai-Feng , She Ze-Yu , Wu Meng-Meng , Wu Yang-Yang , Zhou Bing-Yuan , Zhang Na
Published: October 2022

Objective. To explore the effect and mechanism of moxibustion at acupoints of the governor vessel on lncRNA Six3os1 in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin1 (APP/PS1) double-transgenic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice. Methods. Twenty-four specific pathogen-free and APP/PS1 double-transgenic male mice were randomly allocated into the AD model and moxibustion groups, with 12 cases in each group. Twelve syngeneic C57BL/6J mice were selected as the control group. Mice in the moxibustion group received aconite cake-separated moxibustion at the Baihui acupoint. Suspension moxibustion was applied at Fengfu and Dazhui for 15 minutes each day. All treatments were conducted over two weeks. Control and AD model mice were routinely fed without any intervention. Behavioral observation tests were conducted before and after the intervention. The autophagosome in the hippocampus was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect Aβ1-42 expression. LC3B and P62 expressions were evaluated by immunofluorescence. The expression levels of the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3 were detected by qRT-PCR. The differential expression of PI-3K, AKT3, mTOR, LC3B-II/I, and P62 proteins in the hippocampus was detected by western blot. The dual-luciferase assay was undertaken to examine the targeting relationships of the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3. Results. Compared with the control group, the AD model showed higher escape latency in the Morris Water Maze and reduced autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hippocampal neurons (both

p
<
0.01

). Compared with the control group, the AD model showed higher expression of Aβ1-42, the lncRNAs Six3os1, PI-3K, mTOR, P62, and AKT3 protein (all

p
<
0.01

); but lower mir-511-3p and LC3B (both

p
<
0.01

). Compared with the AD model group, the moxibustion group had a shorter escape latency, more autophagic bubbles in the hippocampus, and lower expression of positive Aβ1-42, the lncRNAs Six3os1, PI-3K, mTOR, P62, and AKT3 protein (all

p
<
0.01

). In contrast, the levels of miR-511-3p and LC3B proteins were considerably increased in the moxibustion group compared to the AD model group (both

p
<
0.01

). Based on the dual-luciferase assay, there was a targeting link among the lncRNAs Six3os1, miR-511-3p, and AKT3. Conclusion. Moxibustion at acupoints of the governor vessel can suppress the lncRNA Six3os1 expression, promote cell autophagy, accelerate Aβ1-42 clearance and alleviate cognitive dysfunction of AD mediated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway through the lncRNA Six3os1/miR-511-3p/AKT3 axis.
Effectiveness of Need-Based Teacher’s Training Program to Enhance Online Teaching Quality
Authors: Ahmmed Suman , Saha Jashodhan , Tamal Maruf Ahmed
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically transformed the global education system forever. To sustain the education system, e-learning has been adopted as an alternative teaching-learning strategy in most countries. Due to this sudden transition, teachers had practically no time to prepare themselves for distance learning, especially in developing countries. Consequently, teachers faced numerous challenges while teaching online. The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of need-based teachers’ training programs to address online teaching challenges faced by primary and secondary level teachers. Adopting a mixed-method research approach, this study was conducted between January and July 2021 at 6 primary and secondary level institutions in 4 different districts of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through face-to-face surveys, electronic surveys, and one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis and bivariate correlational analysis were carried out for quantitative data exploration. On the other hand, qualitative data were coded and analyzed thematically. Findings highlight that less familiarity with online teaching tools, lack of digital skills, unstable Internet connectivity, difficulties with time management, insufficient teaching materials, lack of satisfaction, heavy workload, and poor self-confidence were the key barriers to online teaching. However, in this study, a proper need-based teacher training program is found to be considerably effective in improving online teaching quality by increasing teachers’ technological skills, confidence, satisfaction, motivation, time management skill, and behavioral changes. The overall findings of this study are expected to assist the devolved authorities in implementing synchronized policies to improve online teaching quality.
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Hinder Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis via METTL3 Mediated m6A Methylation of COL10A1
Authors: Li Yuchan , Li Xiaoxue , Deng Muwen , Ye Changda , Peng Yuanhong , Lu Yan
Published: October 2022

Background. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within the tumor microenvironment are key players in tumorigenesis and tumor development. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of CAFs on lung squamous cell carcinoma- (LUSC-) associated remain poorly elucidated. Methods. The microarray dataset GSE22874, containing 30 specimens of primary culture of normal fibroblasts (NFs) and 8 specimens of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) samples derived from LUSC, was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and then calculated by using the R language (limma package) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CAF-conditioned medium (CAF-CM) was collected and used to culture LUSC cells, followed by assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress levels by using CCK-8, annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and ELISA assays. Subsequently, COL10A1 was knocked down in CAFs to assess the role of COL10A1 in CAF regulation of LUSC behavior. Bioinformatics online analysis and MeRIP were applied to predict and test the m6A modification of COL10A1 mRNA and the regulatory relationship with METTL3. Rescue experiments were next performed to explore the effects of METTL3 and COL10A1 in CAFs on LUSC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. LUSC tumor cells with or without (COL10A1-silenced) CAFs were subcutaneously inoculated in nude mice to evaluate the effect of COL10A1 in CAFs on LUSC tumor growth. Results. Elevated expression of COL10A1 was found in LUSC-derived CAFs by GSE22874 dataset analysis. We discovered that COL10A1 and METTL3 was expressed in both LUSC cells and matched CAFs, while COL10A1 expression was prominently higher in CAFs than in LUSC cells. CAF-CM memorably encouraged LUSC cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis-induced oxidative stress, which was reversed by interfering with COL10A1 expression in CAFs, suggesting that COL10A1 might be secreted by CAFs into the culture medium to exert its effects inside LUSC cells. Global m6A modification was decreased in METTL3 knocked down CAFs. M6A modification, expression levels, and stability of COL10A1 mRNA were impaired upon METTL3 knockdown in CAFs. Overexpression of COL10A1 in CAFs partially reversed the effect of METTL3 knockdown on the malignant behavior of LUSC cells. In vivo studies confirmed that CAFs accelerated LUSC tumor growth, and this effect was counteracted by COL10A1 silencing. Conclusions. COL10A1 secreted by CAFs could facilitate LUSC cell proliferation and repress apoptosis-induced oxidative stress, and the mechanism was due to elevated expression mediated by METTL3 promoting its mRNA m6A modification, thereby accelerating tumor growth.
Lane-Changing Model of Intelligent Connected Vehicle Considering the Factor of Turn Signal
Authors: Shao Yi , Deng Xuefeng , Song Jiaxin , Wu Hui
Published: October 2022

Unsafe lane-changing behaviors can easily lead to traffic accidents. Drivers usually turn on their turn signals to signal surrounding vehicles before changing lanes. At present, there is a lack of consideration of the impact of turn signals on the lane-changing behavior of intelligent vehicles. Therefore, based on the cellular automata theory, this paper improves the lane-changing rules in the STNS model and proposes a vehicle safe lane-changing model. The model considers the priority scheduling problem of different vehicles’ driving behavior when changing lanes, the influence of driver’s subjective factors on the driving speed when changing lanes, and the relationship between vehicle speed and safe lane-changing distance. After discussion and analysis, the model can reduce the number of lane changes of vehicles, increase the average speed of vehicles, and increase the traffic flow. It provides theoretical support for the safe lane-changing behavior of intelligent networked vehicles in the new era.
Automatic Monitoring System for Seed Germination Test Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Peng Qi , Tu Lifen , Wu Yunyun , Yu Zhenyu , Tang Gerui , Song Wei
Published: October 2022

Germination test is an irreplaceable step in seed selection and breeding. The current traditional germination test method must rely on experienced professional technicians to repeatedly classify and count the germination status of seeds and count the germination rate at different moments during the whole test process (usually takes 2 to 10 days). Currently, only the German seed germination detection system (Germination Scanalyzer) can solve this problem, but it is so expensive that it has not been practically promoted. In order to improve breeding efficiency, an automatic monitoring system for seed germination tests based on deep learning was designed. It includes a modified germination thermostat, connected with a three-dimensional movable camera bin with built-in camera; a multifunctional software system capable of online, offline, and sentinel mode monitoring; a dense distributed small target detection algorithm (DDST-CenterNet) for seed germination monitoring systems. The system test results show that the seed germination test automatic monitoring system is low cost, does not depend on the seed background, light, camera model, and other usage environments, and has high scalability. The DDST-CenterNet algorithm proposed in this paper can still maintain high accuracy and good stability in the process of seed target detection and classification as the number and density of seeds increase, which is suitable for a special application scenario of seed germination test. In addition, the algorithm has high computational efficiency and can give detection results at a frame rate of not less than 10fps, which can be used in practical applications.
A Lightweight Stereo Visual Odometry System for Navigation of Autonomous Vehicles in Low-Light Conditions
Authors: Li Jie , Kuang Zhenfei , Lu Guangman , Peng Yuyang , Shang Wenli , Li Jun , Wei Wei
Published: October 2022

Localization of vehicles in a 3D environment is a basic task in autonomous driving. In the low-light environments, it is difficult to navigate independently using a visual odometry for autonomous driving. The main reason for this challenge is the blurred images in the scenes with insufficient illumination. Although numerous works focused on this issue, it still has a number of inherent drawbacks. In this paper, we propose a lightweight stereo visual odometry system for navigation of autonomous vehicles in low-light situations. Contrary to the existing recovery methods, we aim to divide the captured image into the illumination image as well as the reflectance image and only estimate the illumination one, where the enhanced map of the low-light image is acquired by using the retinex theory. In addition, we further utilize a simplified and rapid feature detection scheme, which reduces the computation time by about 85% but maintaining the matching accuracy similar to that of ORB features. Finally, the experiments show that our average memory consumption of our proposed method is much less than the conventional algorithm.
Broadening the Research Pathways in Smart Agriculture: Predictive Analysis Using Semiautomatic Information Modeling
Authors: Sharma Komal , Sharma Chetan , Sharma Shamneesh , Asenso Evans
Published: October 2022

Agriculture has become more industrialized and intensive due to the rising demand for food in quality and quantity. Agricultural modernization will be made possible by the Internet of Things (IoT), a technology with a great promise for revolutionizing the industry. Agricultural products will be in high demand by 2050 due to a 30% increase in the global population, so there is a need to devise new mechanisms for agriculture, and smart agriculture is one of those mechanisms; however, smart agriculture needs to be explored further to realize its potential fully. So, to explore the potential of this field, the researchers have used a corpus that is extracted from the Scopus database from the year 2008 to the year 2022 and applied the LDA technique. A corpus of 4309 articles was selected from the Scopus database to apply the latent Dirichlet analysis (LDA) model to predict research areas for smart agriculture. Using IoT technology, farmers and producers may better manage their resources, such as fertilizer consumption and the number of trips made by farm vehicles, while minimizing waste and maximizing productivity, including water, electricity, and other inputs. This data-driven experimental study identifies smart agriculture research trends by implementing a topic modeling technique previously used in smart agriculture. The authors have created seventeen research themes in smart agriculture based on the LDA topic modeling. This analysis suggests that the indicated areas are in the growth phase and require further research and exploration.
Deep Insight into IoT-Enabled Agriculture and Network Protocols
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Zulkifl , Hanapi Zurina Mohd , Hussain Muhammad Zunnurain , Hussin Masnida , Sarwar Nadeem , Akhlaqi Mohammad Yahya
Published: October 2022

In recent years, research has combined the connection of agricultural equipment to increase crop growth rates and lower planting costs by refining the entire planting process. IT-enabled agriculture has beneficial effects on this industry and is yet a source of debate in academic circles. Trending network technologies like WSN and IoT have never been easy to develop and use in agriculture. The growth rate was not increased using outdated, conventional methods and technologies. Additionally, the rapid population expansion cannot meet human demands and expectations. Survey Methodology. The existence of IoT in agriculture was investigated and reported in this review. The paper describes the different IoT-agriculture network protocols. This study clarifies how the Internet affects agriculture and its underlying mechanisms. It also discusses how the growth rate is boosted when both sectors work together. This study intends to explore a platform that offers an infrastructure to link devices using the network protocol used in agriculture. In this study, several contemporary network difficulties relating to agriculture are also covered. Conclusion. The results of this study can be used as a guide for creating particular network protocols for the agriculture industry.
Modeling Network Capacity for Urban Multimodal Transportation Applications
Authors: Jiang Xiaowei , Shan Xiaonian , Du Muqing
Published: October 2022

Since the diversity of urban transport modes and the growth of public transport demands recently, it is essential to consider the multiple mode options in the network capacity problem. This paper derives a comprehensive network capacity model from a single-mode transportation network with only route choice to a multimodal transportation network with both mode choice and route choice. To avoid biases in the evaluation of the multimodal network capacity, two characteristics of the multimodal transportation system are considered in modeling and formulating the problem: (1) the mode interaction between cars and buses is explicitly reflected when they share the same link; (2) the correlation of travel alternatives (modes or routes) is measured by developing a combined modal split and traffic assignment (CMSTA) problem, in which the nested logit (NL) model is employed to account for mode similarity in mode split, while the path-size logit model (PSL) is employed to account for route overlapping in traffic assignment. Numerical experiments demonstrate the characteristics of the new model. It also shows how planning schemes or management strategies affect the multimodal transportation network capacity via a real network case.
Rumor Detection Based on Knowledge Enhancement and Graph Attention Network
Authors: Wang Wanru , Lv Yuwei , Wen Yonggang , Sun Xuemei
Published: October 2022

Presently, most of the existing rumor detection methods focus on learning and integrating various features for detection, but due to the complexity of the language, these models often rarely consider the relationship between the parts of speech. For the first time, this paper integrated a knowledge graphs and graph attention networks to solve this problem through attention mechanisms. A knowledge graphs can be the most effective and intuitive expression of relationships between entities, providing problem analysis from the perspective of “relationships”. This paper used knowledge graphs to enhance topics and learn the text features by using self‐attention. Furthermore, this paper defined a common dependent tree structure, and then the ordinary dependency trees were reshaped to make it generate a motif‐dependent tree. A graph attention network was adopted to collect feature representations derived from the corresponding syntax‐dependent tree production. The attention mechanism was an allocation mechanism of weight parameters that could help the model capture important information. Rumors were then detected accordingly by using the attention mechanism to combine text representations learned from self‐attention and graph representations learned from the graph attention network. Finally, numerous experiments were performed on the standard dataset Twitter, and the proposed model here had achieved a 7.7% improved accuracy rate compared with the benchmark model.
The Quality Evaluation of Business English Classroom Teaching Using Improved DA-BP Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Minglei
Published: October 2022

With the international development of China’s economy, there is an increasing demand for complex talents who are proficient in English and familiar with business operation and management of enterprises. However, it is worth exploring how to explore a proven teaching quality monitoring model for business English (BE) majors. The evaluation system of business English classroom teaching quality should not focus on the effect of teachers’ “teaching,” but on students’ “learning” experience and the effect of “learning.” English teaching should take into account the actual situation of students, especially that some students have a poor English foundation and insufficient understanding of English learning. They can improve their English cultural literacy and enhance their intercultural communication skills from learning English. Therefore, when evaluating teaching quality, indicators such as teaching methods and learning strategies should be introduced and emphasis should be placed on motivating students’ learning attitudes, emotions, awareness, and experiences to promote cooperative inquiry learning. In this paper, we propose an improved DA-BP algorithm to measure the teaching quality of BE, which has achieved good evaluation results with an accuracy rate of 93%, enriched the content of business English classroom teaching and cultivated more comprehensive and better composite talents for the society.
Coronavirus Host Genomics Study: South Africa (COVIGen-SA)
Authors: May Andrew K. , Seymour Heather , Etheredge Harriet , Maher Heather , Nunes Marta C. , Madhi Shabir A. , Sokhela Simiso M. , Venter W. D. Francois , Martinson Neil , Nabeemeeah Firdaus , Cohen Cheryl , Moyes Jocelyn , Walaza Sibongile , Tempia Stefano , Kleynhans Jackie , von Gottberg Anne , Nel Jeremy , Dawood Halima , Variava Ebrahim , Tollman Stephen , Kahn Kathleen , Herbst Kobus , Wong Emily B. , Tiemessen Caroline T. , van Blydenstein Alex , Murray Lyle , Venter Michelle , Fabian June , Ramsay Michéle
Published: October 2022

Host genetic factors are known to modify the susceptibility, severity, and outcomes of COVID-19 and vary across populations. However, continental Africans are yet to be adequately represented in such studies despite the importance of genetic factors in understanding Africa’s response to the pandemic. We describe the development of a research resource for coronavirus host genomics studies in South Africa known as COVIGen-SA—a multicollaborator strategic partnership designed to provide harmonised demographic, clinical, and genetic information specific to Black South Africans with COVID-19. Over 2,000 participants have been recruited to date. Preliminary results on 1,354 SARS-CoV-2 positive participants from four participating studies showed that 64.7% were female, 333 had severe disease, and 329 were people living with HIV. Through this resource, we aim to provide insights into host genetic factors relevant to African-ancestry populations, using both genome-wide association testing and targeted sequencing of important genomic loci. This project will promote and enhance partnerships, build skills, and develop resources needed to address the COVID-19 burden and associated risk factors in South African communities.
Analysis of the Questioning and Dialectical Relationship between the Pursuit of Intensity in School Physical Health Education
Authors: Yuan Shuli
Published: October 2022

In the rapid development of the country and schools, physical education and health programs have gradually become an essential part of schools in order to improve students’ core physical education skills and literacy, and have a very important role and impact on students’ physical and mental health development. The school P&H program not only conveys to teachers and students the knowledge and training skills to improve school sports and enhance physical fitness but also fully develops the awareness and ability of teachers and students to work hard and collaborate with each other. This paper examines and analyzes the problems and dilemmas associated with the pursuit of health and sport‐specific intensity in school sports and combines theories of health and exercise, physical education, training, and moral education through literature review, logical analysis, and value analysis. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the different logics and orientations of specific sport intensity regulations, school sport health pursuits, and school sport teaching and to clarify and correct related issues, so as to provide theoretical and practical support for school sport to better implement the concept of “health first” and further promote school sport reform and sound development. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between exercise and health in physical education programs of teachers and schools from the perspective of natural dialectics and find out some outstanding problems that may exist in them, so as to effectively promote the development of students’ physical and mental health.
The Mechanism and Experimental Validation of Forsythoside A in the Treatment of Male Infertility Were Analyzed Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Ma Zhen , Liu Xueling , Lu Haiwang , Li Haoming , Gao Ruizhi , Wen Rong , Tang Zhiping , Yin Haihui , He Yun , Yang Hong
Published: October 2022

Chinese medicine extracts are currently the hotspot of new drug research and development. Herein, we report the mechanism of action of the traditional Chinese medicine extract Forsythiaside A in the treatment of male infertility and experimental verification. We first obtained 95 intersection genes between the target protein of Forsythiaside A and the target genes of male infertility and screened 13 key genes. In molecular docking, Forsythiaside A can each have a higher total docking score with 12 key genes and have a better combination. These 95 intersection genes are mainly related to biological processes such as response to peptide hormone, response to oxidative stress, and participation in the oxidative stress of the forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway. Therefore, we use ornidazole to induce an experimental model of oligoasthenospermia in rats and use different concentrations of Forsythiaside A to intervene. We proved that the semen quality and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of model group rats were significantly lower than those of the blank group, and semen quality and SOD activities of the low-dose group and high-dose group were significantly higher than those of the model group. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level of model group rats was significantly higher than that of blank group, while the MDA levels of the low-dose group and high-dose group were significantly lower than that of the model group. Forsythoside A is a potential drug substance for male infertility and improves the semen quality, MDA levels, and SOD activities of rats with oligoasthenospermia.
Effects of Free Amino Acids, Metallothionein, and Chemical Forms of Heavy Metals on the Accumulation and Detoxification of Cadmium and Chromium in Chinese Goldthread (Coptis chinensis Franch.)
Authors: Huang Wenli , Niu Yuting , Li Yuze , Zhang Dongdong , Jiang Yi , Zhang Huawei , Deng Chong , Yang Xinjie , Wang Wei , Song Xiaomei , Ding Meihai , Liang Zongsuo
Published: October 2022

Chinese goldthread (Coptis chinensis Franch.) is an important medicinal plant worldwide. However, its clinical safety is negatively impacted by high cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) levels. Understanding the accumulation pattern and detoxification mechanism of heavy metals, such as Cd and Cr, is important for regulating their transportation and reducing their accumulation in plants. Free amino acids (FAAs), metallothioneins, and chemical forms of heavy metals are closely associated with heavy metal accumulation and detoxification mechanisms. In the present study, we evaluated the uptake of Cd and Cr in Chinese goldthread and characterized the changes in FAA levels, CcMT2, a metallothionein gene, expression under Cd and Cr stress, and Cr chemical forms in various tissues of Chinese goldthread. The majority of Cd and Cr was retained in the roots; this might be the tolerance strategy utilized by Chinese goldthread to protect the aboveground photosynthetic tissues. A chemical continuous extraction method was utilized to analyze the chemical forms of Cr, and the results suggested that Cr was primarily fixed by oxalate in all tissues, and after Cr treatment, Cr tended to combine with phosphate to form an insoluble complex that reduced the toxicity and bioavailability of Cr in Chinese goldthread. The accumulation of Cd and Cr was significantly positively correlated with valine, histidine, threonine, tyrosine, and serine levels and significantly negatively correlated with glutamic acid and alanine levels. The variation in proline levels under Cd stress was different than that under Cr stress. FAAs might affect the accumulation of and resistance to Cd and Cr through various detoxification strategies, such as chelation with heavy metals ions and conversion into the required products. Furthermore, CcMT2 was isolated for the first time and found to be dominantly expressed in leaves. CcMT2 was induced under Cd and Cr stress in all plant tissues, indicating its role in the accumulation of and tolerance to Cd and Cr.
Network Intrusion Detection Method Based on Multi-Scale CNN in Internet of Things
Authors: Yin Xiuye , Chen Liyong
Published: October 2022

Network intrusion detection is a powerful means to identify and analyze the state of the Internet of things. For the reliability requirements of the Internet of things, an intrusion detection analysis method of the Internet of things based on a deep network model is proposed. First, based on the Inception network architecture as the backbone network, this method constructs a multi-scale convolutional neural network (M-CNN) intrusion detection analysis network model. The long-term and short-term memory network models are introduced into M-CNN to enhance the local feature extraction ability of the model. At the same time, batch normalization and global average pooling layers are introduced to make the data distribution of each layer uniform, reduce the model training time, reduce the model calculation gradient, and further improve the efficiency of the network. The simulation experiment takes the KDDcup99 data set as an example, and the results show that the M-CNN intrusion detection model can achieve better results. The precision

P
r
e

and recall

R
e

of the detection model are 93.90% and 93.59%, respectively.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of High-Intensity Interval Training in People with Cardiovascular Disease at Improving Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Gu Tingting , Hao Pengli , Chen Ping , Wu Yi
Published: October 2022

Background. To assess the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on depression and anxiety symptom in people with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) compared with usual care (UC) and traditional aerobic continuous training (CT). Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effectiveness of HIIT on depression and/or anxiety outcomes before and after treatment in people with CVDs were included. A systematic search of database containing PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, SPORTSDiscus, and CINAHL (EBSCOhost) was performed up to December 2021. The analyses of study characteristics, heterogeneity, and forest plot in analyses analogous were conducted via the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) in random- or fixed-effect models as the measure of effectiveness. Results. Twelve independent studies (515 participants) were included. One study was rated as low quality, and four studies were evaluated as high quality. The other studies were rated as moderate quality. Visual interpretation of funnel plots and Egger test indicated no evidence of publication bias. There was a statistically significant reduction in the severity of depression (12 studies, SMD = −0.42 [Random], 95% CI, −0.69 to −0.16,

p
=
0.002

, I2 = 52%) rather than that of anxiety symptoms (8 studies, SMD = −0.14 [Fixed], 95% CI, −0.35 to 0.06,

p
=
0.18

, I2 = 0%) following HIIT compared with UC and CT control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed that high-intensity treadmill training significantly improved (

p
=
0.01

) the depression symptom instead of training with a cycle ergometer (

p
=
0.07

) and strength training (

p
=
0.40

). Conclusions. High-intensity interval treadmill training can significantly improve symptoms of depression rather than anxiety in cardiovascular patients compared to usual care and conventional aerobic continuous training.
A Novel Sparse Enhancement Neural Network for Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Yong , Ye Junjie , Yang Wenhu , Shi Jinwang , He Wangpeng , Cai Gaigai
Published: October 2022

To ensure the operational reliability of machinery, rolling bearings exposed to complex and poor conditions should be monitored in real-time. Traditional bearing fault diagnosis methods are always dependent on signal analysis and feature extraction, which are complex and time-consuming. Deep learning method exhibits a good ability in extracting the fault feature, while it is limited to noise pollution and insufficient sample data during the training procedure. In this study, a new sparse enhancement neural network based on generalized minimax-concave penalty and convolutional neural network is proposed to capture fault features automatically. To this end, the generalized minimax-concave penalty is first employed to expand the dataset by pollution data denoise and sparse enhancement of the insufficient samples. Second, the amplified dataset is employed to train the fault classification. By employing the datasets of drive end and fan end derived from the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), a good prediction accuracy can be found in fault diagnosis for rolling bearings.
Cleavage of AUF1 by Coxsackievirus B Affects DDX5 Regulatory on Viral Replication through iTRAQ Proteomics Analysis
Authors: Wang Tianying , Qin Yujing , Chen Jiansheng , Chen Shuang , Wu Jingqi , Chen Xuepin , Chen Xiaomeng , Zhou Shaofei , Zou Jianhong , Guan Jun
Published: October 2022

Coxsackievirus B (CVB) 3C protease (3Cpro) plays a specific cleavage role on AU‐rich binding factor (AUF1, also called hnRNP D), which consequently disputes the regulation of AUF1 on downstream molecules. In our study, the iTRAQ approach was first used to quantify the differentially expressed cellular proteins in AUF1‐overexpressing HeLa cells, which provides straightforward insight into the role of AUF1 during viral infection. A total of 1,290 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 882 upregulated and 408 downregulated proteins, were identified. The DEPs are involved in a variety of cellular processes via GO terms, protein–protein interactions, and a series of further bioinformatics analyses. Among the DEPs, some demonstrated important roles in cellular metabolism. In particular, DDX5 was further verified to be negatively regulated by AUF1 and increased in CVB‐infected cells, which in turn promoted CVB replication. These findings provide potential novel ideas for exploring new antiviral therapy targets.
Evaluation of the Effect Coronavirus Lockdown had on Chronic Disease Management Care in Pediatrics: A Survey of Jordanian Pediatricians
Authors: Burayzat Salma M. , Kilani Muna , Al-Ghawanmeh Redab , Odeh Mohnad , Assi Omar , Alzoubi Karem H.
Published: October 2022

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic puts a great strain on the healthcare system, as the national and global infection rates increased rapidly. Efforts were devoted to minimizing the effects of the spreading pandemic without overwhelming the already stretched healthcare system. The study objective was to establish how coronavirus lockdown was affecting chronic disease care among pediatric patients admitted to hospitals in developing countries. For that purpose, a cross-sectional survey of registered pediatricians was carried out. Findings showed that the mortality rate from COVID-19 in children seemed to be low. However, children with chronic illnesses were likely to be gravely affected by the disturbance of repetitive healthcare services. About 79% of pediatricians treated a child with a chronic condition during the lockdown. Furthermore, 15% of patients with chronic diseases visiting pediatricians exhibited uncontrolled emerging complications. In addition, 9% of pediatricians reported one to five fatalities among children under their care due to delay or lack of appropriate medical care in the period of the lockdown. Residents (48.9%) reported a significantly (p < 0.001) higher proportion of providing face-to-face services compared with consultants (17.9%) and specialists (13.6%). In conclusion, the care of chronically ill children should be taken into consideration when implementing lockdown and/or social distancing, thus minimizing the negative effects of lockdown and/or social distancing on children with chronic diseases.
Ethylene Polymerization through Neutral Nickel Complexes Bearing Cyclic Imides
Authors: Arabi Hassan , Beheshti Maryam Sadat , Manteghi Amin
Published: October 2022

The catalyst synthesis of salicylaldimine Ni(II) complexes with bulky imide moieties, ethylene polymerization, and characterization of synthesized polyethylenes are described in this paper. These Ni(II) complexes are designed to bear 2-aminobiphenyl and 4-tritylaniline. Results confirmed relatively high activity (up to

4
×

10

4

 g PE mol Ni-1 h-1) of these catalysts in ethylene polymerization. Moreover, Ni(II) complexes demonstrated enhanced thermal stability, maintaining activity level up to 80°C. The generated polyethylenes possess moderate branching density and high melting temperatures. Less bulky 2-aminobiphenyl group resulted in higher branch content, while in Ni(II) complexes bearing 4-tritylaniline, more linear structure was observed. These semicrystalline polyethylenes showed mechanical properties similar to thermoplastics.
Expanding the Prostate Cancer Cell Line Repertoire with ACRJ-PC28, an AR-negative Neuroendocrine Cell Line Derived From an African-Caribbean Patient
Authors: Valentine Henkel , Aiken William , Morrison Belinda , Zhao Ziran , Fowle Holly , Wasserman Jason S. , Thompson Elon , Chin Warren , Young Mark , Clarke Shannique , Gibbs Denise , Harrison Sharon , McLaughlin Wayne , Kwok Tim , Jin Fang , Campbell Kerry S. , Horvath Anelia , Thompson Rory , Lee Norman H. , Zhou Yan , Graña Xavier , Ragin Camille , Badal Simone
Published: October 2022

Prostate cancer cell lines from diverse backgrounds are important to addressing disparities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates among Black men. ACRJ-PC28 was developed from a transrectal needle biopsy and established via inactivation of the CDKN2A locus and simultaneous expression of human telomerase. Characterization assays included growth curve analysis, immunoblots, IHC, three-dimensional cultures, immunofluorescence imaging, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). ACRJ-PC28 has been passaged more than 40 times in vitro over 10 months with a doubling time of 45 hours. Short tandem repeat profiling confirmed the novelty and human origin of the cell line. RNA-seq confirmed the expression of prostate specific genes alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) and NKX3.1 and neuroendocrine specific markers synaptophysin and enolase 2 (ENO2) and IHC confirmed the presence of AMACR. Immunoblots indicated the cell line is of basal-luminal type; expresses p53 and pRB and is androgen receptor (AR) negative. WGS confirmed the absence of exonic mutations and the presence of intronic variants that appear to not affect function of AR, p53, and pRB. RNA-seq data revealed numerous TP53 and RB1 mRNA splice variants and the lack of AR mRNA expression. This is consistent with retention of p53 function in response to DNA damage and pRB function in response to contact inhibition. Soft agar anchorage-independent analysis indicated that the cells are transformed, confirmed by principal component analysis where ACRJ-PC28 cells cluster alongside other prostate cancer tumor tissues, yet was distinct. The novel methodology described should advance prostate cell line development, addressing the disparity in prostate cancer among Black men.

Significance:

Cell line development continues to attract less than 10% success rate. More than 98% of prostate cancer cell lines are from White men. This may contribute to the poorer response by Black men with prostate cancer to therapy compared with White men with prostate cancer, increasing overall survivorship among White men. The methodology described here to develop ACRJ-PC28, should advance the presence of Black prostate cancer cell lines thereby addressing prostate cancer disparity.