bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrographical and petrophysical rock typing for flow unit identification and permeability prediction in lower cretaceous reservoir AEB_IIIG, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Abo Bakr Abdelraheim , El Kadi Hassan H. , Mostafa Taher
Published: March 2024

The primary objective of this study is to identify and analyze the petrophysical properties of the newly investigated AEB_IIIG member reservoir in Meleiha West Deep (MWD) Field and to classify it into different rock types. Additionally, this research intends to develop mathematical equations that may be utilized to estimate permeability in uncored sections of the same well or in other wells where core samples are unavailable. The analysis focused on the pore hole records of ten wells that were drilled in MWD Field. The reservoir levels were identified, and their petrophysical parameters were evaluated using well logs and core data. We were able to recognize seven different types of rocks (petrophysical static rock type 1 (PSRT1) to PSRT7) using petrography data, the reservoir quality index (RQI), the flow zone index (FZI), R35, hydraulic flow units (HFUs), and stratigraphy modified Lorenz (SML) plots. The analysis of the petrophysical data shows that AEB_IIIG has unsteady net pay thicknesses over the area. It has a range of 8–25% shale volume, 12–17% effective porosity, and 72–92% hydrocarbon saturation. The RQI results show that psrt1, psrt2 and psrt3 have a good reservoir quality as indicated by high R35 and helium porosity, respectively. They contribute with more than 75% of the reservoir production. The equation derived for each rock type of AEB_IIIG reservoir can be employed to forecast the permeability value distribution inside the reservoir.
Be prepared for interruptions: EEG correlates of anticipation when dealing with task interruptions and the role of aging
Authors: Ülkü Soner , Getzmann Stephan , Wascher Edmund , Schneider Daniel
Published: March 2024

Dealing with task interruptions requires the flexible use of working memory and attentional control mechanisms, which are prone to age-related changes. We investigated effects of age on dealing with task interruptions and potential advantages of anticipating an interruption using EEG and a retrospective cueing (retro-cue) paradigm. Thirty-two young (18–30 years) and 28 older (55–70 years) participants performed a visual working memory task, where they had to report the orientation of a target following a retro-cue. Within blocks of 10 trials, they were always, never, or randomly interrupted with an arithmetic task before the onset of the retro-cue. The interruption-induced decline in primary task performance was more pronounced in older participants, while only these benefited from anticipation. The EEG analysis revealed reduced theta and alpha/beta response to the retro-cue following interruptions, especially for the older participants. In both groups, anticipated interruptions were associated with increased theta and alpha/beta power prior and during the interruption, and stronger beta suppression to the retro-cue. The results indicate that interruptions impede the refocusing of attention on the task-relevant representation of the primary task, especially in older people, while anticipation facilitates preparation for the interruption task and resumption of the primary task.
Unraveling cradle-to-grave disease trajectories from multilayer comorbidity networks
Authors: Dervić Elma , Sorger Johannes , Yang Liuhuaying , Leutner Michael , Kautzky Alexander , Thurner Stefan , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Klimek Peter
Published: March 2024

We aim to comprehensively identify typical life-spanning trajectories and critical events that impact patients’ hospital utilization and mortality. We use a unique dataset containing 44 million records of almost all inpatient stays from 2003 to 2014 in Austria to investigate disease trajectories. We develop a new, multilayer disease network approach to quantitatively analyze how cooccurrences of two or more diagnoses form and evolve over the life course of patients. Nodes represent diagnoses in age groups of ten years; each age group makes up a layer of the comorbidity multilayer network. Inter-layer links encode a significant correlation between diagnoses (p < 0.001, relative risk > 1.5), while intra-layers links encode correlations between diagnoses across different age groups. We use an unsupervised clustering algorithm for detecting typical disease trajectories as overlapping clusters in the multilayer comorbidity network. We identify critical events in a patient’s career as points where initially overlapping trajectories start to diverge towards different states. We identified 1260 distinct disease trajectories (618 for females, 642 for males) that on average contain 9 (IQR 2–6) different diagnoses that cover over up to 70 years (mean 23 years). We found 70 pairs of diverging trajectories that share some diagnoses at younger ages but develop into markedly different groups of diagnoses at older ages. The disease trajectory framework can help us to identify critical events as specific combinations of risk factors that put patients at high risk for different diagnoses decades later. Our findings enable a data-driven integration of personalized life-course perspectives into clinical decision-making.
Diversity of sugar-diphospholipid-utilizing glycosyltransferase families
Authors: Meitil Ida K. S. , Gippert Garry P. , Barrett Kristian , Hunt Cameron J. , Henrissat Bernard
Published: March 2024

Peptidoglycan polymerases, enterobacterial common antigen polymerases, O-antigen ligases, and other bacterial polysaccharide polymerases (BP-Pols) are glycosyltransferases (GTs) that build bacterial surface polysaccharides. These integral membrane enzymes share the particularity of using diphospholipid-activated sugars and were previously missing in the carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy;www.cazy.org). While the first three classes formed well-defined families of similar proteins, the sequences of BP-Pols were so diverse that a single family could not be built. To address this, we developed a new clustering method using a combination of a sequence similarity network and hidden Markov model comparisons. Overall, we have defined 17 new GT families including 14 of BP-Pols. We find that the reaction stereochemistry appears to be conserved in each of the defined BP-Pol families, and that the BP-Pols within the families transfer similar sugars even across Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Comparison of the new GT families reveals three clans of distantly related families, which also conserve the reaction stereochemistry.
Identification and characterization of CIM-1, a carbapenemase that adds to the family of resistance factors against last resort antibiotics
Authors: Wang Yu , Sapula Sylvia A. , Whittall Jonathan J. , Blaikie Jack M. , Lomovskaya Olga , Venter Henrietta
Published: March 2024

The increasing rate of carbapenem-resistant bacteria within healthcare environments is an issue of great concern that needs urgent attention. This resistance is driven by metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), which can catalyse the hydrolysis of almost all clinically available β-lactams and are resistant to all the clinically utilized β-lactamase inhibitors. In this study, an uncharacterized MBL is identified in a multidrug resistant isolate of the opportunistic pathogen, Chryseobacterium indologenes. Sequence analysis predicts this MBL (CIM-1) to be a lipoprotein with an atypical lipobox. Characterization of CIM-1 reveals it to be a high-affinity carbapenemase with a broad spectrum of activity that includes all cephalosporins and carbapenems. Results also shown that CIM-1 is potentially a membrane-associated MBL with an uncharacterized lipobox. Using prediction tools, we also identify more potentially lipidated MBLs with non-canonical lipoboxes highlighting the necessity of further investigation of lipidated MBLs.
Enhancing antioxidant properties of CeO2 nanoparticles with Nd3+ doping: structural, biological, and machine learning insights
Authors: Ceballos-Sanchez Oscar , Navarro-López Diego E. , Mejía-Méndez Jorge L. , Sanchez-Ante Gildardo , Rodríguez-González Vicente , Sánchez-López Angélica Lizeth , Sanchez-Martinez Araceli , Duron-Torres Sergio M. , Juarez-Moreno Karla , Tiwari Naveen , López-Mena Edgar R.
Published: March 2024

The antioxidant capabilities of nanoparticles are contingent upon various factors, including their shape, size, and chemical composition.
Effect of steviol glycosides as natural sweeteners on glucose metabolism in adult participants
Authors: Bai Xuerui , Qu Hongying , Zhang Jingyi , Li Likang , Zhang Changfa , Li Shuai , Li Guowei
Published: March 2024

SGs as safe natural sweeteners, may yield significant improvement in glucose metabolism in adult participants when compared with the control.
Enhanced sensitivity in electrochemical detection of ochratoxin A within food samples using ferrocene- and aptamer-tethered gold nanoparticles on disposable electrodes
Authors: Argoubi Wicem , Algethami Faisal K. , Raouafi Noureddine
Published: March 2024

A highly sensitive yet simple-to-preare electrochemical aptasensor was designed for OTA biosensing in real samples. Ferrocene was introduced as a transducing agent, eliminating the need for a solution-based approach.
How the AI-assisted discovery and synthesis of a ternary oxide highlights capability gaps in materials science
Authors: Montoya Joseph H. , Grimley Carolyn , Aykol Muratahan , Ophus Colin , Sternlicht Hadas , Savitzky Benjamin H. , Minor Andrew M. , Torrisi Steven B. , Goedjen Jackson , Chung Ching-Chang , Comstock Andrew H. , Sun Shijing
Published: March 2024

Exploratory synthesis has been the main generator of new inorganic materials for decades. AI-assisted discovery is possible, but human-AI collaboration should be refined according to their respective strengths.
Disrupting the Hofmeister bias in salt liquid–liquid extraction with an arylethynyl bisurea anion receptor
Authors: Fargher Hazel A. , Delmau Lætitia H. , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Haley Michael M. , Johnson Darren W. , Moyer Bruce A.
Published: March 2024

Host-mediated liquid–liquid extraction is a convenient method for the separation of inorganic salts.
Ab initio investigation of tunable CO2 reduction reaction on the two dimensional ferroelectric Y2CO2
Authors: Li Mo , Young Joshua
Published: March 2024

The limiting scaling relationships preventing efficient catalytic reduction of CO2 to value-added fuels can be tuned by switching a ferroelectric polarization.
A Li+-flux-homogenizing separator for long-term cycling of Li metal anodes
Authors: Ji Yuanpeng , Dong Liwei , Liu Jipeng , Xie Haodong , Zhong Shijie , Yang Chunhui , Han Jiecai , He Weidong
Published: March 2024

A facilely prepared PVDF-HFP/SN separator homogenizes the Li+ flux through the formation of SN⋯PF6−⋯Li+ structures between the SN agent and the electrolyte, resulting in even Li deposition and stable performances of Li metal batteries.
Exopolysaccharide production by Lactobacillus plantarum T10 is responsible for the probiotic activity in enhancing intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Tao Ting , Zhang Li , Yu Tianfei , Ma Jiaxue , Lu Shuang , Ren Jing , Li Xiangyu , Guo Xiaohua
Published: March 2024

Exopolysaccharide production by Lactobacillus plantarum T10 exerted probiotic activity against ETEC infection through the TLR-mediated p38 MAPK pathway.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quinazoline and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as TLR7 agonists for antiviral agents
Authors: Song Yue , Fan Wenjie , Yao Chen , Wang Heng , Lu Xiuxiang , Wang Yumin , Liu Pengxiang , Ma Yanjie , Zhang Zhen , Wang Jiang , Chu BeiBei , Shi Lijun , Yang Guoyu , Wang Mengdi
Published: March 2024

3 kinds of quinazoline derivatives and 5 kinds pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives targeting TLR7 were synthesized. The antiviral efficacy of these compounds was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
Synthesis of trifluoroethoxy/aryloxy cinnolines, cinnolinones and indazoles from o-alkynylanilines via metal-free diazotization reagent
Authors: Kumar Madan , Goswami Avijit
Published: March 2024

Regioselective access to trifluoroethoxy/aryloxy cinnolines, cinnolinones, and indazoles using metal-free diazotization reagents is documented.
Visible-light-induced C–S bond formation in the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiazoles through cascade difunctionalization of acetophenone: a greener approach
Authors: Rajput Khushbu , Singh Vishal , Mahaur Priya , Singh Sundaram , Srivastava Vandana
Published: March 2024

A novel approach for the synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiazoles from methyl aryl ketones, N-bromo-succinimide (NBS), and thioamide in water as a green reaction medium through visible-light irradiation is reported.
Possible Hycean conditions in the sub-Neptune TOI-270 d
Authors: Holmberg Måns , Madhusudhan Nikku
Published: March 2024

The JWST has ushered in a new era in atmospheric characterisations of temperate low-mass exoplanets with recent detections of carbon-bearing molecules in the candidate Hycean world K2-18 b. We investigated JWST observations of the TOI-270 system, with two sub-Neptunes simultaneously transiting the nearby M dwarf during the visit. We report our atmospheric characterisation of the outer planet TOI-270 d, a candidate Hycean world, with JWST transmission spectroscopy using the NIRSpec G395H instrument in the 2.7–5.2 μm range, combined with previous observations obtained with the HST WFC3 spectrograph (1.1–1.6 μm). The spectrum reveals strong signatures of CH4 and CO2 at 3.8–4.9σ and 2.9–3.9σ confidence, respectively, and no evidence of NH3. The abundant CH4 and CO2, at ∼0.1–1% mixing ratios, and the non-detection of NH3 are similar to the findings reported for K2-18 b and consistent with predictions for a Hycean world with a planet-wide ocean under a H2-rich atmosphere. We also report evidence of CS2 at a 2.3–3.0σ confidence and a potential inference of H2O at 1.6–4.4σ, depending on the data analysis approach, and discuss possible interpretations of these results. The spectrum does not provide strong constraints on the presence of clouds or hazes in the observable atmosphere, nor any evidence for the effects of stellar heterogeneities, which is consistent with previous studies. For the smaller inner planet TOI-270 b, we find that the spectrum is inconsistent with a featureless spectrum at ∼3σ, showing some preference for an H2-rich atmosphere in a super-Earth. We discuss the implications of our findings and future prospects.
ZTF SN Ia DR2: Searching for late-time interaction signatures in Type Ia supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Terwel Jacco H. , Maguire Kate , Dimitriadis Georgios , Smith Mat , Reusch Simeon , Lacroix Leander , Galbany Lluís , Burgaz Umut , Harvey Luke , Schulze Steve , Rigault Mickael , Groom Steven L. , Hale David , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kim Young-Lo , Purdum Josiah , Rusholme Ben , Sollerman Jesper , Anderson Joseph P. , Chen Ting-Wan , Frohmaier Christopher , Gromadzki Mariusz , Müller-Bravo Tomás E. , Nicholl Matt , Srivastav Shubham , Deckers Maxime
Published: March 2024

The nature of the progenitor systems and explosion mechanisms that give rise to Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are still debated. The interaction signature of circumstellar material (CSM) being swept up by the expanding ejecta can constrain the type of system from which it was ejected. However, most previous studies have focussed on finding CSM ejected shortly before the SN Ia explosion, which still resides close to the explosion site resulting in short delay times until the interaction starts. We used a sample of 3628 SNe Ia from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) that were discovered between 2018 and 2020 and searched for interaction signatures greater than 100 days after peak brightness. By binning the late-time light curve data to push the detection limit as deep as possible, we identified potential late-time rebrightening in three SNe Ia (SN 2018grt, SN 2019dlf, and SN 2020tfc). The late-time optical detections occur between 550 and 1450 d after peak brightness, have mean absolute r-band magnitudes of −16.4 to −16.8 mag, and last up to a few hundred days, which is significantly brighter than the late-time CSM interaction discovered in the prototype, SN 2015cp. The late-time detections in the three objects all occur within 0.8 kpc of the host nucleus and are not easily explained by nuclear activity, another transient at a similar sky position, or data quality issues. This is suggestive of environment or specific progenitor characteristics playing a role in the production of potential CSM signatures in these SNe Ia. Through simulating the ZTF survey, we estimate that < 0.5% of normal SNe Ia display a late-time (> 100 d post peak) strong Hα-dominated CSM interaction. This is equivalent to an absolute rate of 8−4+20 to 54−26+91 Gpc−3 yr−1 assuming a constant SN Ia rate of 2.4 × 10−5 Mpc−3 yr−1 for z ≤ 0.1. Weaker interaction signatures of Hα emission, more similar to the strength seen in SN 2015cp, could be more common but are difficult to constrain with our survey depth.
Recovered supernova Ia rate from simulated LSST images
Authors: Petrecca V. , Botticella M. T. , Cappellaro E. , Greggio L. , Sánchez B. O. , Möller A. , Sako M. , Graham M. L. , Paolillo M. , Bianco F. ,   the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration
Published: March 2024

Aims. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will revolutionize time-domain astronomy by detecting millions of different transients. In particular, it is expected to increase the number of known type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) by a factor of 100 compared to existing samples up to redshift ∼1.2. Such a high number of events will dramatically reduce statistical uncertainties in the analysis of the properties and rates of these objects. However, the impact of all other sources of uncertainty on the measurement of the SN Ia rate must still be evaluated. The comprehension and reduction of such uncertainties will be fundamental both for cosmology and stellar evolution studies, as measuring the SN Ia rate can put constraints on the evolutionary scenarios of different SN Ia progenitors.

Methods. We used simulated data from the Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) Data Challenge 2 (DC2) and LSST Data Preview 0 to measure the SN Ia rate on a 15 deg2 region of the “wide-fast-deep” area. We selected a sample of SN candidates detected in difference images, associated them to the host galaxy with a specially developed algorithm, and retrieved their photometric redshifts. We then tested different light-curve classification methods, with and without redshift priors (albeit ignoring contamination from other transients, as DC2 contains only SN Ia). We discuss how the distribution in redshift measured for the SN candidates changes according to the selected host galaxy and redshift estimate.

Results. We measured the SN Ia rate, analyzing the impact of uncertainties due to photometric redshift, host-galaxy association and classification on the distribution in redshift of the starting sample. We find that we are missing 17% of the SN Ia, on average, with respect to the simulated sample. As 10% of the mismatch is due to the uncertainty on the photometric redshift alone (which also affects classification when used as a prior), we conclude that this parameter is the major source of uncertainty. We discuss possible reduction of the errors in the measurement of the SN Ia rate, including synergies with other surveys, which may help us to use the rate to discriminate different progenitor models.
Study on graphs of electrical load and analysis of power consumption modes
Authors: Abdulkhay Rasulov , Khilola Nazirova , Abdumalik Badalov , Maftuna Saidova
Published: March 2024

The issues of planning and managing power consumption modes are considered, using electrical load schedules, comparisons of the declared maximum load with the actual one are presented, the main directions for increasing the efficiency of rational use of electricity and regulating electrical load schedules are given.
Technology advancement of maintaining reservoir pressure in oil carbonate fields
Authors: Agzamov Аtabek , Аbbasova Saidakhon , Karshiev Аbdukhoshim , Razzakov Otabek , Sonaev Sanjar
Published: March 2024

In the work, based on a comprehensive analysis of geological and field information and the dynamics of technological indicators of field development, the effectiveness of the applied waterflooding system was evaluated and the results obtained were compared with the theoretical foundations of the method.The study used a set of well-known geological technological methods used in oil and gas production: mathematical modeling to establish the dependence of the oil displacement ratio by water on the permeability of the reservoir and the average annual water cut of well production from the volume of injected water; hydrodynamic calculations in determining the oil recovery factor in natural conditions; mathematical statistics to determine the accumulated oil production over the entire development period and its recovery factor; experimental studies in determining the coefficient of oil displacement by water.It is shown that: productive horizons confined to a single reef complex significantly differ in the degree of geological heterogeneity; due to the isolation of the aquifer, the natural mode of operation of productive horizons is closed-elastic with a transition to the mode of dissolved gas; the dynamics of the growth of water cut and oil production indicate an insignificant role of fracturing in the process of its extraction; a development system with areal water injection under the oil-water contact and a dense grid of production wells, where a phased transfer of sampling intervals was carried out, made it possible to more than double the oil recovery factor; the effect of waterflooding was obtained due to the achieved high values of sweep efficiency and waterflooding sweep efficiency.
Study of hydrodynamics of the condensation process in heat exchanger devices
Authors: Khurmamatov Abdugoffor , Ismailov Oybek , Yusupov Rustam , Isamatova Jamila , Aminova Guljakhon
Published: March 2024

This article provides insights into the outcomes of developing an experimental device tailored for the condensation of both water and hydrocarbon vapors in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The experimental phase involved conducting a series of experiments along the length of the condenser pipe to thoroughly investigate the condensation process. The experimental device facilitated the transition of gas condensate, with a volume of 15 liters, from a liquid state to vapor. Subsequently, the vapor was subjected to condensation within the shell-and-tube experimental heat exchanger. This rigorous experimentation allowed for a detailed examination of the condensation dynamics, providing valuable data on the performance and efficiency of the heat exchange process. The focus on both water and hydrocarbon vapors underscores the versatility of the experimental device, making it applicable to scenarios involving diverse condensable substances. The findings contribute to the understanding of condensation mechanisms in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, offering insights that can be valuable in various industrial applications, including energy production and environmental engineering.
Study on modeling roller squeezing semi-finished leather products
Authors: Khurramov Shavkat , Rasulev Akmal , Saliyev Abdumajit
Published: March 2024

This study is devoted to the analysis of moisture content in a two-roll module of a machine for squeezing semi-finished leather products after chrome tanning. An analytical relationship was obtained that describes the patterns of variation in moisture content during the roller pressing of semi-finished leather products; inequalities were derived for estimating the residual moisture content of semi-finished leather products. It was revealed that with a decrease in the thickness and initial moisture content of the semi-finished leather product, its moisture content decreases. It was stated that with an increase in the initial moisture content of the semi-finished leather product, its residual moisture content increases and asymptotically approaches a certain value.
Study on coupled problems of thermoelasticity in Strains
Authors: Khaldjigitov Abduvali , Djumayozov Umidjon , Khasanova Zebo , Rakhmonova Robiya
Published: March 2024

In the work, within the framework of the strain compatibility conditions of Saint-Venant, two equivalent dynamic boundary value problems of thermoelasticity with respect to strains are formulated. In the case of the first boundary value problem, the dynamic equations of thermoelasticity are obtained from the compatibility conditions, in the second case, instead of the first three equations of thermoelasticity, the equations of motion expressed with respect to deformations are considered. Discrete analogues of boundary value problems are constructed using the finite-difference method in the form of explicit and implicit schemes. The solution of explicit schemes is reduced to recurrent relations with respect to deformations and temperature. Implicit schemes are solved by sequential application of the elimination method. The validity of the formulated thermoelastic boundary value problems is substantiated by comparing the numerical results of the problem of a thermoelastic parallelepiped obtained by different methods, as well as solving a similar problem in displacements.
Application of waste paper in composite materials based on mineral fibers
Authors: Egamberdiev Elmurod , Khaydullaev Khurshid , Shomurodov Doston , Atakhodjaev Abdubosit , Mengliev Sherzod , Igamkulova Nargisa , Mukhamedjanov Marat , Turabdjanov Sadritdin
Published: March 2024

Abstract. In this study, a composite material was successfully produced by incorporating waste paper and basalt fibers. The utilization of waste paper as a raw material contributes to sustainable practices and waste reduction. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained composite material were comprehensively investigated to evaluate its potential for various applications.The physical parameters of the composite material, such as density and porosity, were measured to assess its structural characteristics. Density provides insights into the compactness and mass per unit volume of the composite, while porosity indicates the presence of voids or open spaces within the material. These parameters play a crucial role in determining the overall performance and suitability of the composite for specific applications.Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the composite material were examined to evaluate its strength, stiffness, and durability. Tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance were among the key mechanical parameters studied. Tensile strength determines the material's ability to withstand pulling forces, while flexural strength measures its resistance to bending or deformation. Impact resistance evaluates the material's ability to absorb energy when subjected to sudden or dynamic loads.
Geodynamic issues of ore deposits in Central Asia
Authors: Zhanibekov Bobir , Kamalovich Mirali , Toshmukhamdov Bakhtiyar , Abdunabieva Munira , Abdusamatova Dilafruz
Published: March 2024

The focus of this study is on a pressing issue in ore geology, specifically the geodynamics of ore formation. The paper delineates a comprehensive methodology for examining the geodynamic context in regions hosting endogenous mineralization. The foundation for reconstructing geodynamics lies in geological and structural investigations into the circumstances surrounding mineralization, complemented by outcomes from physical modeling. Tectonic tension and deformation analyses of ore fields and deposits further contribute crucial insights. The study underscores that understanding the geodynamic setting is paramount for elucidating the processes leading to ore formation. This involves a detailed examination of geological structures, conditions of mineralization, and physical modeling results. By adopting this approach, the research provides a robust framework for reconstructing the geodynamic conditions prevalent during the period of ore formation. As a practical application of this methodology, the paper presents results from the reconstruction of the geodynamic situation during the ore formation period in a gold deposit situated in Western Uzbekistan. These findings contribute to a deeper comprehension of the geodynamic processes associated with the formation of valuable mineral deposits, thereby enhancing our ability to interpret and potentially predict similar occurrences in ore geology.
Research new type of cation-exchange resin for waste water treatment
Authors: Pulatov Khayrulla , Nazirova Rano , Sharipova Umida , Yuldashev Alisher , Usmonova Aziza , Sattorov Shakhriyor , Ergashev Yorkinjon
Published: March 2024

This article presents the studies obtaining and research new polycondensation type phosphoric cation-exchange resin. The conditions for the phosphorylation of this polymer were selected from the experiments accumulated in relation to the phosphorylation reactions of low- and high-molecular compounds. The resulting polymer had an exchange capacity for a 0.1 N NaOH solution – 5,5-5,6 mEq/g and contained 16,5% phosphorus. Based on the studies carried out, the optimal conditions for the synthesis of the styrene-furfural polymer are assumed to be: the reaction temperature is 90°C, the concentration of the ZnCl2 catalyst is 0.07 mol per mole of furfural, and the molar ratio of styrene to furfural is 1:1. There was studied an interaction of the cation exchanger in Na- and H-forms with solutions of salts of copper sulfate, nickel, cobalt, sodium chloride, calcium and uranyl nitrate. In order to elucidate the mechanism of sorption of the cations of these metals, were taken the IR-spectra of the cation exchanger in the H- and Na- form, saturated with copper ions. The less dissociated phosphoric acid groups, the stronger hydrogen bond forms phosphoryl oxygen with OH-groups. Therefore, it can be expected that as the cation exchanger is saturated with sodium, the maximum of the band corresponding to the phosphorus-oxygen bond vibrations will slightly shift to longer wavelengths as a result of the destruction of the weaker hydrogen bond.
Effects of pollution of saline soils with oil and oil products on soil physical properties
Authors: Jabbarov Zafarjon , Nomozov Urol , Kenjaev Yunus , Abdushukurova Zamira , Zakirova Salomat , Mahkamova Aliya , Kamilov Bobir , Kurvantaev Rakhmon , Kholdarov Davronbek , Turdaliev Avazbek , Yuldashev Gulom
Published: March 2024

In the article, pollution of saline soils with oil and oil products, physical and water-physical properties depending on the level of salinity are studied. As a result of the research, it is scientifically based that the increase in the level of contamination of the soil is subject to the decrease in water permeability, and the decrease in the level of pollution is subject to the law of the increase in water permeability. In the article, weakly, moderately, strongly and very strongly contaminated soils with oil were studied. According to the results, it was determined that the water permeability of the soil was observed in 25, 45, 45, 37, 5, 3, 2 minutes, and it carried 75, 26, 44, 45, 540, 1050, 1200 ml of water, respectively, for 90 minutes. The amount of water transfer compared to the control soil for 90 minutes was less in 1%, 2%, 5% contaminated soils, and very high in 15%, 25% and 37.5% contaminated soils. The increase in the level of pollution is explained by the deterioration of water permeability and moisture retention. Also, due to the fact that oil is a viscous organic pollutant, the changes of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 mm microaggregates, which are important for soil fertility, as a result of pollution, and changes in the amount of these microaggregates were also determined. It was found that the soils around the South Mirshodi oil field were previously contaminated and the amount of microaggregates smaller than 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm in the irrigated soils increased as the distance from the source of contamination increased. This is explained by the decrease in the concentration of oil in the soil. The amount of 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm aggregates has decreased. A similar situation was observed around the Kumkurgan oil base. The effect of petroleum hydrocarbons is more noticeable in microaggregates with a diameter of 10 mm.
Study on protection of newly established forest plants in the dry zone of Aral Sea
Authors: Khujaev Otabek , Obidjanov Dilshod , Nazarova Odina , Tokhtamurodova Nafosat
Published: March 2024

The bioecological characteristics of diseases of forest and pasture plants planted in the dry part of the Aral Sea were studied, and agrotechnologies were developed based on the system of protection in their cultivation. In research, Redomil gold, 68% n.kuk (2.0-2.5 kg/ha), Fundazol, 50% em.k. (2.0 l/ha) showed high biological efficiency. According to these, the preparats Redomil gold, 68% n.kuk (2.0-2.5 kg/ha), Fundazol, 50% em.k. (2.0 l/ha) are recommended.
Study of biologically active peptides from plant materials: A succinct overview
Authors: Turatbekova Aidai , Mirzarakhmetova Dilbar , Shang Nan , Toshpulatov Nusratillo , Tajibayeva Raykhon , Sabirova Nadira , Mamarajapova Buvzaynab , Tukhtaeva Rano
Published: March 2024

The study of the biological activity of various peptide compounds is a novel research topic, as peptides have extensive applications in a wide range of sectors. Biologically active peptides can be obtained from various sources, including animals, plants, and microorganisms. Plants, on the other hand, have immense promise owing to their diverse chemical structures, each of which has unique characteristics and pharmacological actions. These characteristics set the plant world apart for the development of several drugs and insecticides. Plant-derived peptides perform a wide range of biological functions, including antibacterial, anticancer, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. This study shows that Mass spectrometry (MS) is the primary method used to identify proteins and native peptides isolated from tissues and biological fluids. Proteomics and peptidomics are two distinct peptide analysis approaches employed in this context.
The Simulated Experimental Design and Study of the Synergistic Treatment of Chicken Manure and Traditional Chinese Medicine Residues on Earthworm Growth and Soil Quality
Authors: Li Yan , Lemiasheuski Viktar , Maksimova Svetlana
Published: March 2024

Annelids conspicuously exert influence upon soil physicochemical attributes through their alimen-tary, burrowing, and excretion endeavors, thereby imparting ramifications upon soil erosion phenomena. Nev-ertheless, comprehension of the particular repercussions stemming from annelid activities vis-à-is soil erosion remains circumscribed. The primary objective of this investigation was to scrutinize the synergistic ramifica-tions of gallinaceous fecal matter and remnants of traditional Chinese medicinal substances on annelid prolif-eration and soil characteristics within a simulated experiment. In order to gauge the impact of annelid activities upon soil hydric distribution, runoff velocity, and soil erosion, a laboratory-simulated precipitation experiment was executed across three incline gradients (5 degrees, 10 degrees, and 15 degrees), featuring a uniform pre-cipitation intensity of 80 mm/h and a 60-minute precipitation duration post-runoff initiation. Findings evinced that annelids significantly heightened soil hydric infiltration and retention. In tanks inhabited by annelids, the increments in soil hydric retention were 93%, 51%, and 70% more elevated than those in control plots at incline gradients of 5 degrees, 10 degrees, and 15 degrees, respectively. Comparatively, earthworm activities led to a 70% reduction in runoff rate at a 5-degree slope, a 13% reduction at 10 degrees, and a 39% reduction at 15 degrees. However, soil erosion rates increased by 42% and 46% at slope gradients of 10 degrees and 15 degrees, respectively. Earthworms, through their feeding and burrowing activities, not only enhanced soil water infil-tration but also mitigated surface runoff while contributing to increased soil erosion. This research proffers invaluable perspicacity regarding the influence of subterranean fauna on the vicissitudes of soil erosion pro-cesses, furnishing empirical evidence amenable for assimilation into extant soil erosion simulation paradigms or as a substratum for the construction of nascent models.
Comparative evaluation conducted on the selection of the type of roller shredder for the cultivation of plowed land
Authors: Mamarasulova Manirakhon , Boltaboev Bakhadir
Published: March 2024

The results of experimental investigations into the features of the roller shredder that breaks down plowed land one by one are presented in this article. This allowed for the determination of the optimum roller parameter values and the examination of the shredder type selection. According to experimental research, selecting the right type of roller is primarily responsible for guaranteeing that the field surface is completely treated. Typically, these rollers are working parts with slats, gear-slats, or rods for installation on a reel that provide moisture feeding at the level necessary for germination in compliance with agrotechnical requirements. Slatted, toothed-slatted, and rod roller shredders with comparable diameters were designed and used in experimental investigations to confirm the results that we had acquired. In experimental studies, after using different constant diameter roller shredder, the influence of soil on the degree of abrasion, its density and drag resistance was studied. To reduce the influence of various variable factors on the results obtained, the experiments were carried out on a specially prepared agricultural background, which was first plowed and then leveled. In order to test the theoretically based parameters of the roller shredder selected for experimental research in the field, a fixed-diameter roller shredder base with a coverage width of 1.5 m and strips with gear strips and rod strips that can be installed on them were developed and prepared. Based on the results of experimental studies, the following can be noted: in order for the quality and density of soil abrasion to meet agrotechnical requirements, and the tensile resistance of the coil to be minimal, the roller shredder must be with a slatt.
Study on the effect of grain moisture on grinding efficiency
Authors: Kalandarov Palvan , Khayitov Azizbek , Sharifov Husen , Murodova Gulnoza
Published: March 2024

The quality of feed produced for cattle is one of the main factors influencing the efficiency of its keeping. The quality of the resulting feed depends to a large extent on the design features of the equipment, especially the mill. The purpose of this work is to analyze the system of grain grinding equipment and evaluate the efficiency of the developed grain grinding equipment in comparison with existing flour milling machines. A theoretical model of grinding grain material and its mathematical analysis of modeling are made, the influence of moisture on grinding, the influence on the size coefficient of the milled material is discussed. A comparative analysis of the grinding results of various researchers is analyzed. Options for grain grinding are discussed, based on the technological scheme for the production of grain and vegetable extrudate, by the method of "cold" extrusion of crushed grain and green plant mass (together). The considered variants of studies of the effect of moisture on grain grinding made it possible to draw appropriate conclusions.
Study on microprocessor control of agricultural greenhouse microclimate
Authors: Kalandarov Palvan , Murodova Gulnoza
Published: March 2024

A system for controlling the parameters of the habitat in a greenhouse based on the At-mega328 microcontroller is considered. The developed system simplifies the collection of information from sensors placed in greenhouses of year-round use. An algorithm for the functioning of the complex, its shape, year-round cultivation have been developed, and its implementation on the basis of the C programming language has been presented. The principles of operation of the system components are briefly described and recommendations are given for its use to automate the control of microclimate parameters in the greenhouse. This complex is more economical in terms of energy consumption and cheaper compared to stationary sensors placed in year-round greenhouses. Collecting information about the environment inside the greenhouse is possible using a bluetooth module.
Decontamination of aeration station wastewater using ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Ibragimov Nasrilla , Mirkomilov Shukhrat , Mukhamedjanov Marat , Egamberdiev Elmurod , Igamkulova Nargisa , Agzamkulov Akhror , Ergashev Yorkinjon
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the treatment and neutralization of wastewater from aeration stations (Republic of Uzbekistan) using a physical method, using ultraviolet radiation of wastewater after mechanical and biological treatment, where liquid chlorine gas is currently used to neutralize wastewater, research work has been carried out on the selection of optimal parameters for the neutralization of wastewater with ultraviolet radiation. Currently, wastewater treatment with ultraviolet radiation is successfully used in countries such as China, Russia, Canada, the USA and South Korea.
F1-F 4 cotton hybrids obtained with introgressive cotton lines
Authors: Namazov Shadman , Mamarahimov Bunyod , Matyokubov Sukhrobbek , Sodikova Ozoda
Published: March 2024

The article presents cytogenetic analyzes of introgressive lines obtained by intergenome crossing and F1 - F4 cotton hybrids obtained with their participation. According to the obtained results, the presence of open bivalents and univalents in MKP in the crossed variants of F1 - F4 hybrid plants obtained from introgressive lines showed the absence of complete conjugation in the chromosomes due to the presence of structural differences between the homologous chromosomes in the crossed forms caused by the exchange of chromosomes with foreign chromosomes . According to the results of the tetrad analysis of the studied F 1 hybrids, the average was from 95.65 % (F1T-158/16 x Sultan) to 99.61% (F1T-4747-48/16 x Sultan), tetrads in F2 hybrid plants according to the results of the analysis, the meiotic index in 16 combinations ranged from 96.76 ± 0.34 to 99.54 ± 0.19 , and according to the results of the tetrad analysis in F 3 hybrid plants, the meiotic index in 16 combinations was 96.51 ± 0.56 to 99.34 ± 0.30 and according to the results of the analysis of tetrads in F4 hybrid plants, the meiotic index in 17 combinations was from 97.14 ± 0.29 to 98.92 ± 0.12, confirming the normal course of meiosis. (monod, dyad, triad, pentad, hexad and polyad) led to an increase in the number of This negatively affects the formation of normal gametes.
Methodology and criteria for assessing the financial efficiency of agricultural clusters
Authors: Ilhom Ochilov
Published: March 2024

This article undertakes a thorough analysis of the methodology and criteria employed in assessing the financial efficiency of agricultural clusters. The focus extends to crucial metrics, such as the generalizing and economic feasibility coefficient, providing a comprehensive framework for evaluating the economic viability of these collaborative agricultural entities. Additionally, the article goes beyond analysis, offering practical proposals and recommendations aimed at refining the mechanisms for assessing financial efficiency within agricultural clusters. The article likely delves into the methodologies used to assess financial efficiency within agricultural clusters. This could involve an exploration of quantitative and qualitative indicators, financial ratios, and performance metrics relevant to the unique characteristics of agricultural clusters. The criteria used to gauge financial efficiency in agricultural clusters are likely scrutinized. This may encompass factors such as return on investment, cost-effectiveness, resource utilization, and overall economic performance. The article might also consider broader economic and social impacts beyond financial metrics. The specific roles and significance of the generalizing and economic feasibility coefficient in assessing financial efficiency are explored. These coefficients likely serve as key tools for synthesizing diverse financial and economic data to arrive at comprehensive evaluations. By combining theoretical analysis with practical recommendations, the article aims to contribute not only to the academic understanding of financial efficiency in agricultural clusters but also to offer tangible solutions for industry practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders involved in the development and management of these collaborative agricultural endeavors.
Study on mechanism and kinetics of iron removal by chlorination roasting of coal gangue
Authors: Zhang Yuhan , Zhao Xuesong , Shang Baoyue , Wang Xuesong , Wu Xiulin , Chi Shuang , Li Tingting
Published: March 2024

Utilizing the abundant kaolin resources within coal gangue is economically beneficial, although the iron-containing phase in the minerals hampers the value of its utilization. In the present study, CaCl2 served as the chlorination agent for iron removal from coal gangue through chlorination roasting. The study revealed that when the roasting temperature is below 800 °C, CaCl2 decomposes into HCl and reacts with the iron content to form chloride, which then volatilizes. Comparatively, when the roasting temperature exceeds 800 °C, CaCl2 will decompose to produce HCl and Cl2 to accelerate the volatilization of iron. Through non-isothermal kinetic analysis, the apparent activation energy for iron removal by chlorination roasting of coal gangue was found to be 82.42 KJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor was 6329.3 s−1. Correspondingly, isothermal kinetic analysis revealed the apparent activation energy of 84.2 KJ/mol and a pre-exponential factor of 6310.7 s−1. The optimal reaction kinetic mechanism function for iron removal through chlorination roasting of coal gangue was identified as the F3 chemical reaction order model via above kinetic analysis. The integral took the form g(α) = (1-α))2–1.