bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of microbiota and secretory Ig-A in the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos) small and large intestine
Authors: SUSANTI R. , UTAMI NUR RAHAYU , YUNIASTUTI ARI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Susanti R, Utami NR, Yuniastuti A. 2023. Characterization of microbiota and secretory Ig-A in the domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos)small and large intestine. Biodiversitas 24: 2458-2466. The Microbiome composition could affect the duck's intestines' microenvironment, which may shape the microstructure's anatomy, metabolism, and immune system. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the intestinal microbiome's abundance, diversity, and IgA distribution in ducks' intestines. This study took 15 healthy domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchosLinnaeus, 1758) from an intensive duck farm in Central Java, Indonesia. Five grams of each small and large intestine content were collected aseptically for metagenomic analysis. Then, the intestine organs were taken for immunohistochemistry preparations to depict the IgA distribution. The results showed that the small intestine has a greater bacterial abundance community, with 18 phyla, while only 13 are found in the large intestine. Interestingly, three phyla: Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, were found dominantly in both organs. However, the comparison of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes ratio was higher in the small intestine (2357.76) than large intestine (10.64). The IgA distribution in the small and large intestines showed intermediate staining intensity (score: 2.07-2.20) and a final Allred score of 5.0 (positive). Even though dysbiosis microbiome was present in intestines with dominant species Streptococcus and Enterococcus, it seems no significant IgA over secretion. Understanding duck's gut immune response is important because it is highly tolerant to the pathogens that make them play an important role as an environmental reservoir for pathogenic viruses and bacteria and may potentially comprehend future infectious disease outbreaks.
Abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystem
Authors: MUTALA’LIAH MUTALA’LIAH , MANAN ABDUL , BAYYINAH LAFI NA’IMATUL
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Mutala’liah, Manan A, Bayyinah LN. 2023. Abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystem. Nusantara Bioscience 15: 129-136. The presence of terrestrial free-living nematodes in agroecosystems is frequently overlooked. However, these microorganisms in agroecosystems soil are beneficial for supporting plant growth. These microorganisms could recycle the nitrogen in soil, decomposition and mineralization of organic matter, and suppress the densities of plant parasitic nematodes through their life strategy. Terrestrial free-living nematodes are classified according to trophic groups such as bacterivores, fungivores, predators, and omnivores. Reports on the abundance and diversity of terrestrial free-living nematode populations in agroecosystems, especially on potato plantations, were limited. They usually focused on the plant parasitic nematode’s attack on potatoes. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the diversity and abundance of terrestrial free-living nematodes in potato agroecosystems. The current study was conducted in two potato fields in Pratin Village, Serang, Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected from two potato fields planted with different varieties (Granola and Atlantik) and extracted using the Whitehead-tray method. The variables observed were the diversity of genera and the abundance of terrestrial free-living nematode populations from each field. Population density data were analyzed by T-test, and diversity (H'), evenness (E), and dominance index (D) were also calculated. The results showed that the mean population densities of terrestrial free-living nematodes in the two fields were significantly higher at 918.40 individuals/ 100 g of soil in the Atlantik field than in the Granola field 76.53 individuals/ 100 g of soil. However, the diversity, evenness, and dominance index were not significantly different in both fields. Genera of nematode found in the Granola field were Diplogaster, Dorylaimus, Trypilla, and Lotonchus, while in the Atlantik field were Rhabditis and Dorylaimus.
Optimal allocation of scarce PCR tests during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gandjour Afschin
Published: June 2023

Background/aim

During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Germany and various other countries experienced a shortage of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory tests due to the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant that drove an unprecedented surge of infections. This study developed a mathematical model that optimizes diagnostic capacity with lab-based PCR testing.

Methods

A mathematical model was constructed to determine the value of PCR testing in relation to the pre-test probability of COVID-19. Furthermore, the model derives the lower and upper bounds for the threshold pre-test probability of the designated priority group. The model was applied in a German setting using the PCR test-positivity rate at the beginning of February 2022.

Results

The value function of PCR testing is bell-shaped with respect to the pre-test probability, reaching a maximum at a pre-test probability of 0.5. Based on a PCR test-positivity rate of 0.3 and assuming that at least two thirds of the tested population have a pre-test probability below, lower and higher pre-test probability thresholds are ≥ 0.1 and 0.7, respectively. Therefore, individuals who have a 25% likelihood of testing positive because they exhibit symptoms should be a higher priority for PCR testing. Furthermore, a positive rapid antigen test in asymptomatic individuals with no known exposure to COVID-19 should be confirmed using PCR. Yet, symptomatic individuals with a positive RAT should be excluded from PCR testing.

Conclusion

A mathematical model that allows for the optimal allocation of scarce PCR tests during the COVID-19 pandemic was developed.
The velvet family proteins mediate low resistance to isoprothiolane in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Meng Fan-Zhu , Wang Zuo-Qian , Luo Mei , Wei Wen-Kai , Yin Liang-Fen , Yin Wei-Xiao , Schnabel Guido , Luo Chao-Xi
Published: June 2023

Isoprothiolane (IPT) resistance has emerged in Magnaporthe oryzae, due to the long-term usage of IPT to control rice blast in China, yet the mechanisms of the resistance remain largely unknown. Through IPT adaptation on PDA medium, we obtained a variety of IPT-resistant mutants. Based on their EC50 values to IPT, the resistant mutants were mainly divided into three distinct categories, i.e., low resistance (LR, 6.5 ≤ EC50 < 13.0 μg/mL), moderate resistance 1 (MR-1, 13.0 ≤ EC50 < 25.0 μg/mL), and moderate resistance 2 (MR-2, 25.0 ≤ EC50 < 35.0 μg/mL). Molecular analysis of MoIRR (Magnaporthe oryzae isoprothiolane resistance related) gene demonstrated that it was associated only with the moderate resistance in MR-2 mutants, indicating that other mechanisms were associated with resistance in LR and MR-1 mutants. In this study, we mainly focused on the characterization of low resistance to IPT in M. oryzae. Mycelial growth and conidial germination were significantly reduced, indicating fitness penalties in LR mutants. Based on the differences of whole genome sequences between parental isolate and LR mutants, we identified a conserved MoVelB gene, encoding the velvet family transcription factor, and genetic transformation of wild type isolate verified that MoVelB gene was associated with the low resistance. Based on molecular analysis, we further demonstrated that the velvet family proteins VelB and VeA were indispensable for IPT toxicity and the deformation of the VelB-VeA-LaeA complex played a vital role for the low IPT-resistance in M. oryzae, most likely through the down-regulation of the secondary metabolism-related genes or CYP450 genes to reduce the toxicity of IPT.
Techni kai psychropolemiki diplomatia: Diethneis eikastikes ektheseis stin Athina (1950–1967) (‘Art and Cold War diplomacy: International art exhibitions in Athens [1950–1967]’), Areti Adamopoulou (2019)
Authors: Lalaki Despina
Published: June 2023

Review of: Techni kai psychropolemiki diplomatia: Diethneis eikastikes ektheseis stin Athina (1950–1967) (‘Art and Cold War diplomacy: International art exhibitions in Athens [1950–1967]’), Areti Adamopoulou (2019)

Thessaloniki: University Studio Press, 420 pp.,

ISBN 978-9-60122-444-2, p/bk, €32.00
Factores asociados al apego de anticonceptivos orales en usuarias del centro de salud Pedro Escobedo
Authors: Ortiz López Luz Mariana , Juárez Lira Alberto , Calixto Gonzáles Hugo
Published: June 2023

Introducción: El desarrollo de los anticonceptivos hormonales marcó un punto decisivo y alcanzo una popularidad global rápidamente (Castro, L. 2015). A pesar de las mejoras en ellos, las reacciones adversas muestran una influencia negativa en las usuarias (Flores-Cortez et al., 2019). Aun con el proceso evolutivo de estos compuestos se ha descrito repetidamente la experimentación de reacciones adversas como la causa más importante de cambio o abandono de estas terapias hormonales (Flores-Cortez et al., 2019) el apego farmacológico limitado representa una barrera de gran relevancia dentro de la salud global (Ortega Cerda et al., 2018).
Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados al apego de métodos de planificación familiar en usuarias del Centro de salud Pedro Escobedo en el estado de Querétaro, México.
Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico que considero 180 registros de usuarias de anticonceptivos orales en el 2021. Se elaboraron tablas de frecuencia, se realizó cálculo de razón de momios y prueba de chi cuadrada para los factores analizados.
Resultados: De los registros obtenidos, las edades de mayor prevalencia se identificaron entre los 20-29 años en el 56.6%. El estado civil de mayor frecuencia en las participantes fue soltero con 40.0%. Se identificaron 3 factores que se asociaron al apego; ansiedad, sangrado uterino anormal, malestar general.
Conclusión: Los datos recabados de las usuarias de métodos anticonceptivos orales en el centro de salud Pedro Escobedo en relaciona al apego, revelan factores asociados como ansiedad, sangrado uterino anormal y malestar general, es necesario continuar investigando en esta línea para confirmar los hallazgos.
Contextual Urdu Text Emotion Detection Corpus and Experiments using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Khan Vardag Muhammad Hamayon , Saeed Ali , Hayat Umer , Farhat Ullah Muhammad , Hussain Naveed
Published: June 2023

Textual emotion detection aims to discover human emotions from written text. Textual emotion detection is a significant challenge due to the unavailability of facial and voice expressions. Considerable research has been done to identify textual emotions in high-resource languages such as English, French, Chinese, and others. Despite having over 300 million speakers and large volumes of literature available online, Urdu has not been properly investigated for the textual emotion detection task. To address this gap, this study makes two contributions: (1) the creation of a novel dialog-based corpus for Urdu (Contextual Urdu Text Emotion Detection Corpus). CUTEC contains 30,160 training and 5,509 testing labelled dialogues, where each dialogue consists of three Urdu contextual sentences. In addition, all dialogues are labelled using four emotion classes, i.e., Happy, Sad, Angry, and Other. As a second contribution (2) five deep learning models, i.e., RNN, LSTM, Bi- LSTM, GRU, and Bi-GRU have been trained and tested using CUTEC with different parametric settings. The highest results (Accuracy = 87.28 and F1 = 0.87) are attained using a GRU-based architecture.
Content Analysis of Prospective Professional Counseling Teachers’ Educational Practice Experience
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Park Hyeyoung , Chung Hyunhee
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the educational practice experience of prospectiveprofessional counseling teachers and to explore ways to improve their educational practice experience. Methods: To achieve the objectives of the study, a Focus Group Interview(FGI) was conducted forprospective professional counseling teachers who had completed teaching courses in the bachelor'sor master's programs. The data collected through interviews were analyzed according to Krippendorff's(2013) qualitative content analysis procedures and methods. Results: As a result of the analysis, eighteen semantic contents, nine categories, and three dimensionswere identified. The three dimensions were the ‘individual dimension,’ the ‘relational dimension’ and the‘administrative dimension.’ For the individual dimension, the categories of ‘giving various meanings toeducational practice,’ ‘career planning preparation,’ and ‘personal meaning recognition’ were derived,and at the relational dimension, the categories of ‘conflicting experiences of student guidance,’ ‘perceptionof educational practice instructors’ and ‘experiences with peer trainee’ were derived. At the administrativedimension, the categories of ‘desire for various matters of educational practice,’ ‘guidance content ofvarious aspects of educational practice,’ and ‘perception of institutional improvement and supplementation’were derived. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that the role of educational practice instructors is importantand that it is necessary to reflect on the specificity of school counseling to educational practice. Basedon the results, this study suggested what should be considered in the educational practice of prospectiveprofessional counseling teachers.
Effects of the Customized Program for Middle School English Learners with High Ability: Focusing on Creativity and Coh-Metrix Analysis
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee Juyeong , Kim Jeongryeol
Published: June 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to examine a program effectiveness, focusing on creativity and languagechanges after applying an English integrated curriculum model program developed for middle schoolEnglish learners with high ability. Methods: The customized program for middle school English learners with high ability was implementedfor 14 weeks with twenty students in the experimental class participating in the English Gifted andTalented Program. The same program was not applied to twenty participants in the control class,and the existing program was conducted as it had been previously. Before and after the program,a 30-minute narrative creative writing test was given to both sets of students to examine changesin creativity scores using a creative narrative rubric to measure creativity, and the writings producedby the students were then analyzed with the Coh-Metrix. Results: Among them, as a result of a paired-sample t-test using 28 before-and-after data from 14participants in the experimental group and 32 data from 16 participants in the comparison group, theoverall creativity score showed a statistically significant difference in the experimental group. Especially,image, voice, creativity, ideation, immersion and clarity were all significantly improved. In the controlgroup, only voice and ideation from the post-test were statistically significantly improved upon comparedto the ones from the pre-test. As a result of a paired-sample t-test on the measured values obtainedby analyzing the texts produced by the experimental group with the Coh-Metrix language tool, thenumber of words representing the amount of writing increased significantly, and the difficulty of thetexts shown in a reading readability index and syntactic complexity has increased. Although the typetoken ratio, which represents lexical diversity, decreased with a statistically significant difference, thefrequency of words that students felt familiar with was low, indicating that students' actual lexicaldiversity improved. Cohesion and narrativitiy did not change significantly in either group. Conclusion: The developed program not only aroused interest in understanding and using the superficialcharacteristics of language, but also interest in idea generation and creativity, inducing a high-level creativethinking process, and through this, it was concluded that the program was effective in improving creativityand English proficiency. These results have useful implications for the field of English education.
Sound on Display
Authors: Grulke Sonja
Published: June 2023

In jüngerer Zeit haben populäre Songs wie ›Heroes‹ von David Bowie, klangkünstlerische Werke wie ›Forty Part Motet‹ von Janet Cardiff und mit ›Lao Khamhom‹ eine der ersten Tonaufnahmen von 1900 Einzug in den Museumskontext gehalten und markieren damit einen Trend: Zunehmend rücken Klangartefakte in den Mittelpunkt von Ausstellungen. Unter welcher Prämisse geschieht dies und welche kuratorischen Schwierigkeiten und Chancen ergeben sich daraus? Oder in Björks Worten gefasst: How do you hang a song on the wall? Sound on Display bietet erstmals einen Überblick über neue Potenziale auditiven Ausstellens und profitiert dabei von dem Umstand, dass sich insbesondere Klang- und Medienkünstler*innen experimentell mit dem Akustischen auseinandergesetzt haben. Den Erkenntnissen, die sich daraus für die Darstellung von akustischen Aufnahmen ableiten lassen, stehen drei Fallbeispiele akustischer Kurationen gegenüber, die allesamt 2018 in Berlin verschiedene Gattungen akustischer Aufnahmen ›on Display‹ stellten: [laut] Die Welt hören, Oh Yeah! und Radiophonic Spaces.
Contribution of the nurses to the clinical practice training according to nurses and students' perspectives
Authors: Akbıyık Ayşe
Published: June 2023

Background: Achievement of clinical learning outcomes in clinical practice training (CPT) is closely related to the support given to education by clinical nurses.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the contribution of nurses to the CPT according to nurses' and students' perspectives.

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional research.

Methods: This research was after the completion of the 2021-2022 academic term. The sample of the study included 277 students who performed CTP in the internal and surgical clinics of a university hospital and 177 nurses actively working in these clinics.  A data collection tool that included nurse behaviors to determine the contribution of the CPT was used.

Results: The proportions of students and nurses who reported that the level of nurses' contribution to students' knowledge and skills had good and excellent were 64.6% and 75.9%, respectively (p<0.05). According to 56% of the students and 81.1% of the nurses, nurses were a good and excellent role model for the student (p<0.001).The proportions of performing nursing behaviors including providing clinical orientation, clarification of expectations, encouragement of asking questions, establishing helpful communication, and observation of the skills varied between 26.0% and 54.5% for students and 61.5% and 94.3% for nurses, respectively  (p<0.001). 

Conclusion: Student and nurse perspectives were significantly different from each other. This raises the question of "why there is such an inconsistency?". Using routine checklists that determine the contribution level of nurses to CPT may be effective in providing self-control. Sharing the results obtained with both groups can create a driving force for self-awareness and improvement.
Study on antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of chemically profiled essential oils extracted from Juniperus phoenicea (L.) by use of in vitro and in silico approaches
Authors: Chelouati Tarik , Lafraxo Soufyane , Bouslamti Mohammed , El Barnossi Azeddin , Chebaibi Mohamed , Akhazzane Mohamed , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Bourhia Mohammed , Lyoussi Badiaa , Benjelloun Ahmed Samir
Published: June 2023

Juniperus phoenicea (L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used in phytotherapy as a treatment of certain pathological infections. In this context, the present work aimed to valorize the essential oil of J. phoenicea seeds (EOGP) by studying its chemical composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The EOGP was extracted by use of hydrodistillation and characterized by gas chromatography (GC–MS). The antioxidant power was evaluated by three methods (TAC, DPPH, and FRAP). The antimicrobial power was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6633), Escherichia coli (K12), Bacillus subtilis (DSM6333), Proteus mirabilis (ATCC29906), Candida albicans (ATCC10231), Aspergillus niger (MTCC282), Aspergillus flavus (MTCC9606), and Fusarium oxysporum (MTCC9913). The GC/MS results revealed a total identification of 99.98% with a dominance of carvacrol (39.81%) followed by p-cymen-3-ol (34.44%) and o-cymene (13.60%). Findings showed that EOGP exhibited important antioxidant power as IC50 was determined to be 26 µg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, while EC50 was 216.34 µg/mL for ferric reducing antioxidant power and total antioxidant capacity was 720 mg AAE/g. The antimicrobial power on solid medium revealed that the inhibition diameters ranged from 11.30 ± 0.58 to 20 mm for the bacterial strains and from 9.33 ± 0.57 to 54.43 ± 0.29 mm for fungi. Notably, minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 18 to 19 µg/mL for bacterial strains and from 5.04 to 10.09 µg/mL for fungal strains. Overall, our results demonstrated the importance of EOGP as a source of natural antioxidant and antibacterial medicines against clinically relevant pathogenic strains.
Basil’s Use of Oppian in
Homilia in hexaemeron
7: His Source of Zoological Knowledge Reconsidered
Authors: Yam Colten Cheuk-Yim
Published: June 2023

In analyzing the discussion of fish in Homilia in hexaemeron 7, this article attempts to shed light on the source that Basil of Caesarea used in his exposition of Gen 1:20. It will first critically review the old (but widely accepted) thesis of Jean Levie that Basil’s knowledge of natural history comes solely from an Aristotelian epitome. In rejecting this view, this paper will argue that Basil’s materials, in fact, draw on a more complex tradition than simply being directly extracted from Aristotle’s work. In the second part, four sources that are adduced in relation to Homilia in hexaemeron 7, namely Pliny, Aelian, Oppian, and Plutarch will be examined. By analyzing the similarities and differences between Basil and these sources, I will demonstrate that Oppian’s Halieutica is the most likely source that Basil consulted and used as a framework for composing the examples of fish in Homilia in hexaemeron 7,3–6, despite the apparent similarities among the four sources. I will also propose ways of interpreting the apparent similarities between Basil and the three other sources.
Between Nature and Spirit: Lucretian Resonances in Paulinus’
Carmen
23
Authors: Wang Yingxue
Published: June 2023

This paper contributes to the reassessment of the role of Lucretius’ De rerum natura and Epicurean philosophy in early Christian writings by conducting a close study of Carmen 23 composed by the poet Paulinus of Nola. While previous scholarship has examined classical influences on Paulinus’ poetry, especially from Vergil, no existing study has attended to Paulinus’ incorporation of Epicurean elements. This paper argues that in Carmen 23 Paulinus incorporates Epicurean doctrines and Lucretius’ poetic imagery to appeal to an audience familiar with Epicurean ideas. Through the creative fusion of Epicurean physics with Christian metaphysics, Paulinus conjures up a poetic world in which the natural and spiritual realms constantly interact. While using Lucretian imagery to direct his audience’s gaze toward the natural world, Paulinus nevertheless reveals a higher reality in which the invisible operation of God’s spirit governs and perfects the mechanism of nature. In thus stretching his poetic imagination to encompass the working of nature and spirit, Paulinus invents a new eclectic literary form and a kind of physiological miracle account that blends naturalism and mysticism. As such, Carmen 23 attests to Paulinus’ literary achievement in repurposing a classic of Epicurean philosophy and Latin poetry for Christian panegyric and hagiography.
ULTRASONİKASYON VE SOKSALET YÖNTEMLERİYLE EKSTRAKTE EDİLEN KETENCİK TOHUM YAĞLARININ OKSİDATİF ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: MUTLU Ceren , KORKMAZ Fatma
Published: June 2023

Araştırmada ketencik tohumundan farklı sıcaklık (30, 45, 60°C), süre (15, 30, 45 dk) ve güç (%30, 65, 100) koşullarında ultrasonikasyon yöntemi ile yağ ekstraksiyonunun optimizasyonu amaçlanmıştır. Optimum koşullarda elde edilen yağ, soksalet ekstraksiyonu ile elde edilen yağ örneği ile verim, yağ asidi kompozisyonu ve oksidasyon özellikleri bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Ultrasonikasyon yönteminde yağ verimi açısından optimum koşullar 38.16°C, 15 dk ve %30 ultrasonikasyon gücü ve bu koşullarda yağ verimi 24.44 g/100g olarak bulunmuştur. Oksidasyon analizleri sonuçlarına göre ise soksalet ve ultrasonikasyon yöntemleri ile elde edilen yağların peroksit değerlerinin sırasıyla 3.39-69.25 ve 2.15-54.19 meqO2/kg yağ, konjuge dien değerlerinin ise sırasıyla 2.14-9.71 ve 1.79-7.22 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca uygulanan ekstraksiyon yöntemleri ketencik yağının yağ asidi kompozisyonunda önemli bir farklılığa neden olmamıştır. Ketencik yağının ekstraksiyonunda ultrasonikasyon tekniğinin bir alternatif olabileceği ve bu yağın fonksiyonel gıdaların üretiminde kullanılma potansiyelinin bulunduğu değerlendirilmiştir.
Compendio y análisis de la experimentación arqueológica con vistas al megalitismo
Authors: Tirado Salazar Rodrigo Octavio
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo es un trabajo que busca sintetizar varios elementos relacionados con las construcciones megalíticas, además hablar de los diversos experimentos que se han realizado en los últimos 30 años con relación a estas mismas y por medio del análisis tecnológico poder comprender algunos rasgos de estas sociedades tanto en el ámbito económico como en el social. Además concluimos con la problemática mediática que existe con relación a la construcción de los megalitos ya que al estar, los factores económicos, llevando el timón de la divulgación científica. La sociedad tiende a manejar las teorías más disparatadas y menos fundamentadas de todas y esto se ve reflejado en la falta de fomento ara la investigación científica.Palabras clave: megalitismo, construcciones megalíticas, materias primas, experimentación megalítica, neolítico, Megalitismo europeo, extraterrestres y megalitos. ABSTRACTThis article is a work that seeks to synthesize several related elements with the megalithic constructions, also talk about the various experiments made in the last 30 years and through the technological analysis to understand some features of these societies in economically and socially sense. We also conclude with the problematic media that exists with regard to the construction of the megaliths that being, economic factors, taking the helm of scientific communication. Society tends to handle the wildest and least informed of all theories and this is reflected in the lack of building ara scientific research.Key words: Megalithism, Megalithic construction, Megalithic experiments, Neolithic, Megalitism in Europe, UFO megalithism.
El escudo de piel con escotadura en «V» durante el Bronce Final Atlántico: elaboración y funcionalidad a través de la arqueología experimental / The leather shield with a «v» cut-out during atlantic late bronze age: production and functionality through experimental archeology
Authors: Del Reguero González Jorge
Published: June 2023

Los escudos con escotadura en «V» constituyen uno de los elementos de referencia de las conocidas estelas del Suroeste, que pese a su ausencia en el registro arqueológico peninsular, conocemos un único ejemplo en Irlanda realizado en piel. A través de este trabajo de Arqueología Experimental, hemos acometido un ensayo práctico de este tipo de escudos, con aportaciones en torno al tipo de soporte, fabricación y funcionalidad de los mismos. Los resultados de este estudio nos han permitido establecer una hipótesis sobre la elaboración de escudos con piel animal sin ningún soporte suplementario durante el Bronce Final atlántico.Palabras Clave: Escudo; Piel; Estelas; Bronce Final; Arqueología ExperimentalAbstract:The «V» cut-out shields constitute one of the references of the known stelae of the Southwest, although its absence in the archaeological peninsular record, we only know one example in Ireland made in Ireland. Thanks to this Experimental Archaeology project, we have undertaken a practical test of this type of shields, with contributions concerning the type of support, manufacture and functionality of the same ones. The results of this study have allowed us to establish a hypothesis on the production of shields with animal leather without any supplementary support during the Atlantic Late Bronze Age.Keywords: Shield; Leather; Stelae; Late Bronze Age; Experimental Archaeology.
Una propuesta didáctica: el tratamiento de pieles. Útiles, elaboración y difusión / A didactical proposal: The leather processing. Tools, elaboration and divulgation
Authors: Villanueva Alonso-Bernaola Guillermo , Esteban Payno Miguel , Fernández López Laura
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer una propuesta didáctica que posibilite la difusión del conocimiento científico-histórico que tenemos sobre la Prehistoria de una forma adecuada al público al que va dirigido, utilizando para ello la manufactura del cuero como eje vertebrador.Palabras clave: Divulgación; didáctica; Prehistoria; curtido de pieles; cuero.Abstract:This research pretends to offer a didactical proposal to enable the divulgation of our current scientific-historical knowledge about Prehistory. Our overriding objective will be to adapt that knowledge to the public that is going to receive it, using for that leather processing as key backbone.Key words: Divulgation; didactics; teaching; Prehistory; tanning; leather.
El uso de pigmentos naturales en el tratamiento de cueros: Identificación bajo microscopia electrónica (sem-edx) en piezas líticas experimentales
Authors: Lynch Virginia , Barreto Natalia G.
Published: June 2023

El trabajo sobre cuero ha sido ampliamente documentado en Patagonia meridional, pudiendo identificarse el uso de sustancias colorantes en su tratamiento, no sólo por cuestiones decorativas sino también para una mejor preservación del material. A nivel arqueológico, la evidencia de este tratamiento muchas veces resulta en una posible identificación a partir del estudio de otros materiales (líticos, óseos, etc.). Por lo tanto, el siguiente trabajo tiene por objetivo presentar los resultados obtenidos de una serie experimental para identificar residuos generados en el tratamiento del cuero y el uso de sustancias colorantes. La metodología aplicada incluye el análisis funcional y de residuos, a partir de estudios morfológicos y de composición elemental (SEM-EDX).Los resultados obtenidos permitieron registrar caracteres morfológicos diagnósticos y composicionales para la identificación de los residuos observados; al igual que comenzar a generar una colección de referencia para indagar acerca de las posibilidades técnicas de esta metodología y su aplicación a diferentes conjuntos líticos arqueológicos.
Evaluando el uso de herramientas metálicas para la talla lítica en la Patagonia Austral a través del análisis funcional de base microscópica
Authors: De Angelis Hernán , Huidobro Consuelo , Huidobro Consuelo
Published: June 2023

La información etnográfica y etnohistórica, al menos desde los relatos de navegantes y las expediciones científicas desde fines del siglo XVIII y durante todo el siglo XIX (por ej. King 1839, Fitz-Roy 1839, Hyades y Denniker 1891), pasando por las monografías etnográficas de principios del siglo XX (por ej. Gusinde 1982 [1931), así como algunos datos arqueológicos del período post-contacto con los europeos (Legoupil 1989, Mansur y Pique 2012; Parmigiani et al. 2013), dan cuenta del uso de materiales provenientes de occidente, como el metal o el vidrio, obtenidos directa o indirectamente por las poblaciones originarias de Patagonia austral para la confección de una variedad de herramientas.En este contexto, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es presentar los resultados preliminares de un programa experimental que se está desarrollando para estudiar las huellas tecnológicas producidas por el uso de compresores de metal en el trabajo de formatización de diversos artefactos por presión. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los criterios diagnósticos macroscópicos y microscópicos de la utilización de estas herramientas de talla, y poder diferenciarlos de los producidos por los compresores de hueso o asta y madera. Hemos utilizado dos materias primas presentes en contextos arqueológicos diferentes de momento post contacto en Patagonia Austral Batchelor 1, Punta Baja 1 y Ewan: obsidiana y vidrio respectivamente, que tienen propiedades muy similares para la talla. Analizamos macro y microscópicamente los rastros producidos en los artefactos retocados y restos de talla, así como algunos de sus atributos técnicos.En términos generales hemos podido observar una mayor cantidad de daño (abrasión, estrías, resquebrajaduras y trituramiento) tanto en los instrumentos fabricados como en los talones de las microlascas obtenidas en la talla al utilizar el compresor metálico. De igual modo, se identificaron residuos de metal observables tanto a bajos aumentos (lupa) como a altos aumentos (microscopio) en un porcentaje importante de los artefactos.Los resultados obtenidos servirán para la interpretación de los conjuntos líticos de los sitios mencionados. En ellos está representada la técnica de la presión para la fabricación de instrumentos.
La explotación de grasa ósea como recurso nutritivo. Una aproximación experimental y sus implicancias para el registro arqueofaunístico /
Authors: García Añino Eloisa , Marchionni Laura
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal presentar los resultados preliminares obtenidos a partir de un protocolo experimental que permitió evaluar la eficacia de obtener grasa ósea del tejido esponjoso presente en las distintas unidades anatómicas de los ungulados. Dicho recurso se encuentra almacenado principalmente tanto en las trabéculas de las epífisis de los huesos largos como en los elementos del esqueleto axial, siendo necesario para su extracción el hervido de estas partes. Para llevar adelante el experimento se utilizaron elementos tanto axiales (costillas y vertebras) como apendiculares (fémur) de un espécimen subadulto de Ovis aries, los cuales fueron hervidos tanto enteros como fragmentados hasta que no fue posible obtener de ellos más grasa ósea. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron contrastar algunas de las hipótesis planteadas con anterioridad para elementos apendiculares, avalando la idea de que el tejido esponjoso contiene mayor cantidad de grasa ósea y que los fragmentos de menor tamaño presentan mejores rendimientos. Asimismo, los nuevos datos indican que la selección de elementos o porciones de ellos, constituidas en su mayoría por tejido esponjoso, permite potenciar notablemente la obtención de este recurso. Sin embargo, cabe destacar que los valores totales de grasa ósea registrados, siempre fueron bajos, por lo que es esperable que este recurso haya cumplido un rol secundario dentro de la dieta de los cazadores recolectores.
On the Possibilities for Future communisms: Rethinking Communism as Biocommunism
Authors: Hojme Philip
Published: June 2023

This essay rethinks the concept of biocommunism by rearticulating it via a sensitivity towards individual suffering rather than the human species as a whole. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part outlines Marx’s concept of alienation because of the central role that the fourth kind of alienation plays in Dyer-Witheford’s original conception of biocommunism. The second part briefly elaborates on the discussion of species in the Kyoto School. These two parts lead to the third part, where a novel interpretation of biocommunism is outlined, focusing on individual suffering rather than the human species.
La Escuela Eslovena, Aportes y Debates Actuales: Una Exploración desde una Perspectiva Latinoamericana
Authors: Barria-Asenjo Nicol A. , Scholten Hernán , Gallo Acosta Jairo , Pavón-Cuéllar David , Ayala-Colqui Jesús , Letelier S Antonio
Published: June 2023

Tras una breve reflexión sobre las características de la historiografía del psicoanálisis de las últimas décadas, este artículo se propone mostrar ciertos dilemas y/o debates que atraviesan el campo psicoanalítico tanto en la región como en el mundo contemporáneo. Para ello, se colocará el foco en la campaña organizada por Nina Krajnik a favor de la clínica psicoanalítica y contra el psicoanálisis teórico de Slavoj Žižek, Alenka Zupan?i? y Mladen Dolar. Interesa especialmente examinar cómo los argumentos de Krajnik se insertan en un proyecto más amplio que apunta tanto a una expansión de la Asociación Mundial de Psicoanálisis (AMP) encabezada por Jacques- Alain Miller, como a obtener un monopolio sobre la teoría psicoanalítica y sus efectos políticos. Se mostrará que es posible hallar las primeras manifestaciones de este proceso en América Latina ya desde tiempos anteriores al proyecto de la AMP. En este sentido, a partir de las producciones de Dolar, Zupancic y Žižek, se mostrarán algunos aportes actuales de la escuela eslovena, que se retoman aquí a la luz de contexto latinoamericano, buscando iluminar las implicaciones teóricas, institucionales, políticas, ideológicas y culturales de la dominación y la hegemonía de la corriente milleriana en el terreno psicoanalítico. Esta lógica de poder, como se verá, no ha impedido el surgimiento y el desarrollo de algunas planteos radicales e irreverentes que, no obstante, parecen haber fracasado: en algunos países latinoamericanos, como Argentina, el psicoanálisis milleriano logró imponerse incluso con mayor intensidad que en la propia Francia. Esto plantea un reto y un dilema dignos de considerar y que es preciso asumir.
Planetary Memory and Trans-species Immunity
Authors: Chuang Chun-Mei
Published: June 2023

Drawing on Vladimir I. Vernadsky, Lynn Margulis, Alfred N. Whitehead, Karen Barad, and relevant immunological studies, this paper proposes a trans-species noösphere, embracing the zoe-techne of innumerable nonhuman lifeforms, especially infinitesimal microscale agents, viruses included. In doing so, I also articulate the coevolutionary perspective of diffractive mattering on planetary life, map several diffraction patterns of immunity, and present a possibility of political life as a heterogeneous co-constitution.
Interrogantes en torno de la representación de la violencia
Authors: Jofré Daniel , Cuestas Fedra
Published: June 2023

Se propone pensar los vínculos entre filosofía y política dando cuenta de la temática de la violencia. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo, se observan las elaboraciones de M. Foucault sobre subjetivación, poder y dominación, las indicaciones de J. Butler sobre las vidas invisibles, lo cual, se complementa desde las elaboraciones de S. Freud y R. Girard sobre el vínculo entre representación y comunidad, con el propósito de preguntar sobre la forma en que las pasiones pre políticas propician la configuración de lo común, pero también, impulsan el temor y rechazo del otro.
La herencia de propiedades como mecanismo inferencial en el contexto del razonamiento no-monotono
Authors: Morales Delgado Jorge Andrés
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la herencia de propiedades en el contexto de las redes semánticas como formalismo representacional del razonamiento no-monótono. En particular, se discuten las diferentes variaciones de la noción de herencia: (a) herencia simple con enlaces positivos, (b) herencia simple con enlaces positivos y negativos y (c) herencia múltiple con enlaces positivos y negativos. Asimismo, se aborda la herencia de propiedades desde una perspectiva epistemológica, y se evalúan las estrategias para utilizar este mecanismo como una forma de deducción en las redes semánticas no-monotónicas. Finalmente, se propone la tesis según la cual la dilucidación de los fundamentos de la noción de herencia de propiedades es clave para abordar problemas más complejos dentro del razonamiento no-monotóno.
Termite and decay resistances of Sumatran elephant dung-based particleboard modified with wood shavings and bamboo layering
Authors: Hartono Rudi , Sutiawan Jajang , Hermawan Dede , Wibowo Santiyo , Zulfiana Deni
Published: June 2023

Elephant dung (ED) particleboard (PB) still has subpar physical and mechanical qualities. In earlier research, adding wood shavings and bamboo layers to ED-derived PB successfully enhanced its physical and mechanical qualities. However, the resistance to termites and decay of this PB is still unknown. Therefore, this study examines the resistances to termites and decay of the PBs from ED fiber-modified with wood shavings and bamboo layering. ED and wood shavings were distributed throughout the PB in ratios of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (w/w %). Meanwhile, tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), talang bamboo (Schizostachyum brachycladum), kuning bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), belangke bamboo (Gigantochloa pruriens), and betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) were the materials used in this study. These findings demonstrated that adding wood shavings could improve PB’s resistance to termite and decay attacks. However, in this investigation, the layering of bamboo diminishes the PB’s resistance to termite and decay attack. A 50/50 ratio between ED and wood shavings achieved slightly higher termite mortality and lower weight loss than others. Meanwhile, kuning bamboo had lower termite mortality and higher weight loss than others.
Hacking as a Cyber Crime, Reviewed from the Perspective of Quran Surah An-Nur Verse 27
Authors: Warsino Warsino
Published: June 2023

Sarcasm is a statement that conveys an opposing viewpoint viapositive or exaggeratedly positive phrases. Due to this intentionalambiguity, sarcasm identification has become one of the importantfactors in sentiment analysis that make many researchers in naturallanguage processing intensively study sarcasm detection. Thisresearch is using multiple channels embedding the attentionbidirectional long-short memory (MCEA-BLSTM) model thatexplored sarcasm detection in news headlines and has differentapproach from previous research-developed models that lexical,semantic, and pragmatic properties. This research found that multiplechannels embedding attention mechanism improve the performance ofBLSTM, making it superior to other models. The proposed methodachieves 96.64% accuracy with an f-measure of 97%
Selection of Home Wifi Internet: Machine Learning Implementation With Decision Tree C4.5 Algorithm Method
Authors: Khairani Dewi , Siregar Muhammad Ammaridho Romdhan , Masruroh Siti Ummi , Azizah Miftakhul Nuuril
Published: June 2023

The multiple bandwidths that internet service providers offer make it difficult for people to choose, especially for regular people unfamiliar with the internet; therefore, most people choose because the price is reasonable. Numerous users also lament the difficulty and slow internet usage. The issue is then concentrated on internet service providers, who are thought to be poor at offering services. The quantity of bandwidth consumed, which does not correspond to the user’s needs, is one factor contributing to slow internet. As a result, the appropriate bandwidth must be chosen based on the requirements of each user. Compared to other algorithms, the C4.5 decision tree method can deliver the best and correct decision, according to the current literature. As a result, this project will develop a web application based on the C4.5 decision tree algorithm that can assist in determining bandwidth and internet following community needs. Using this C4.5 Decision Tree, decisions are based on patterns identified in previously collected data. Predictions about various forms of internet use in the neighborhood may subsequently be produced from these patterns. Based on the calculation, the accuracy obtained is 0.54, or a percentage of 54%. The black box testing indicated that the bandwidth determination application was functioning correctly
Women’s participation in political leadership: Standpoints from Central Asia and Central Europe
Authors: Lipovka Anastassiya , Yerimpasheva Aida , Rakhimbekova Zhanar , Zakirova Assem
Published: June 2023

This article aims at determining the influence of power distribution within families on women’s views of politicians. The work represents the first cross-cultural study of gender stereotypes about political leaders embracing post-socialist Central Asian and Central European countries. The responses of 6,869 women to the Life in Transition Survey III were analyzed using a quantitative research study. A multivariate linear regression model and correlation coefficients allowed us to identify the relationship between patriarchal and patrilocal families with a high level of gender stereotypes and the impact of individual women's decisions on their lower bias. No positive effect of spouses’ mutual decisions on the level of gender stereotypes was revealed. The theoretical importance of the work lies in expanding the existing knowledge about the influence of family power on women’s internal beliefs, which broadens the understanding of the Western Role Congruity Theory in emerging economies.
Development of Micro Small-Medium Business in Asian Countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand): A comparison in accounting behavior
Authors: Anggadini Sri Dewi , Luckyardi Senny , Surtikanti Surtikanti
Published: June 2023

This study examines how to support and improve micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in ASEAN countries, which have been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study employs a qualitative research method, which emphasizes observing and examining the substance and meaning of the phenomena more deeply. The research found that the success of MSMEs in Indonesia depends on factors like the business sector, size, financial management, and digital technology use. Similarly, MSMEs policies in Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Indonesia can help increase state income, but require investment in areas like human resources, finance, and marketing. The study aims to provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of MSMEs in these countries to help promote their development.
A new protocol for radio frequency heating of low-moisture, viscous sauces and its temperature uniformity optimisation
Authors: Shi H.J. , Li X.B. , Yan Z.M.
Published: June 2023

Radio frequency (RF) heating of agri-food, especially low moisture viscous sauces (LMVS), have obvious advantages. However, uneven heating is one main problem of RF heating technology that has to be solved. Due to the unclear heating mechanism and the difficulty to measure the three-dimensional temperature distribution in the heated object, computer-aided analysis method was adopted. Based on the RF heating numerical calculation model after experimental verification and the characteristics of polyetherimide (PEI) assisted RF heating of peanut butter (PB), this study proposed an improved method for an existing protocol. Meanwhile, parameters of the new protocol were optimised by the Multi-objective Global Optimisation (MGO) of its surrogate model. Results demonstrated that the best size of PEI block in the new protocol was Φ100 × 9.5 mm and the positional height was 12 mm. When the pasteurisation temperature Tp was set to 70 °C and the control temperature Tc was set to 75 °C, the temperature uniformity evaluation indices, Over-shoot Temperature Control Index (OTCI) and Targeted Penetration Depth (TPD), were 0.920% and 3.975 mm, respectively. Compared with 4.845% and 4.940 mm before improvement, the new protocol achieved significant optimisation and improved the temperature uniformity effectively. This also proved the feasibility of MGO method of surrogate model in relevant studies.