bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Improvement Incorporating a Feedback Loop for Accurate Medication Reconciliation
Authors: Russ Christiana M. , Stone Susan , Treseler Jennifer , Vincuilla Julie , Partin Lindsay , Jones Elyse , Chu Esther , Currier Denise , Kelly Daniel P.
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Medication reconciliation errors on hospital admission can lead to significant patient harm. A pediatric intermediate care unit initiated a quality improvement project and aimed to reduce errors in admission medication reconciliation by 50% in 12 months.

METHODS:

From August 2017 to December 2018, a multidisciplinary team conducted a quality improvement project with plan-do-study-act methodology. Continuous data collection was achieved by reviewing medications with home caregivers within 18 hours of admission to identify errors. Cycle 1 consisted of nursing training in accurate and thorough medication history documentation. Cycle 2 was aimed at improving data collection. Cycle 3 was aimed at improving pediatric housestaff processes for medication reconciliation. In cycle 4 intervention, the reconciliation process was redesigned to incorporate the bedside nurse reviewing final medication orders with the patient’s home caregivers once the medication reconciliation process was complete. Intermittent maintenance data collection continued for 12 months thereafter.

RESULTS:

Cycle 1 and 2 interventions resulted in improvement in the medication reconciliation error rate from 9.8% to 4.7%. In cycle 2, the data collection rate improved from 61% to 80% of admissions sustained. Cycle 3 resulted in a further reduction in the medication error rate to 2.9%, which was sustained in cycle 4 and over the 12-month maintenance period. A patient’s number of home medications did not correlate with the error rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

Reductions in admission medication reconciliation errors can be achieved with staff education on medication history and process for medication reconciliation and with process redesign that incorporates active medication order review as a closed-loop communication with home caregivers.
La idea de libertad en la literatura romántica rioplatense
Authors: Drozdowicz Maksymilian
Published: November 2020

Argentina was born from the crossing of the ideas of “culture” and “barbarism”. Freedom was recognized as a driving force for its development from the beginning. Both works, Martin Fierro and Facundo, value and praise it (especially the first one), but always as a part of the civilization process undertaken by President Sarmiento, who accepted some people, forgetting about the victims of the Desert Campaign (1878-1885). The article reflects on freedom expressed by such authors as Sarmiento, Echeverría, Mármol or Gutiérrez. One of the lesser known authors, Lucio V. Mansilla, the author of Una excursión a los indios ranqueles (1870), is the one who sees the situation of the Indians with his own eyes, observing how the concept of freedom changes into its opposite when efforts are made to “civilize” Pampa and the border with the Andes by force. In the 19th century, only he was aware of the hypocrisy of the expected “progress”. Then, in the 20th century, there appear authors who want to renew patriotic consciousness. They suggest putting on a post -romantic “civilization” that is of little benefit to the nation. They see the falsehood in the concept of “freedom” when building an Argentine national identity, not including indigenous communities.
Oral Manifestations of Histiocytosis of Langerhans Cells: a Pediatric Case Involving Mandible Bone
Authors: Montero-Sánchez René Abdiel , Velázquez-Martínez José Andrés , Lecourtois-Amézquita Mariana Gabriela
Published: November 2020

Langerhans cells histiocytosis is a rare disease characterized by monoclonal proliferation and migration of special dendritic cells in a variety of organs, most commonly appears eosinophilic granuloma localized, often solitary, and bone lesions that occurs predominantly in pediatric patients. Although is most prevalent in children under the age of 15, this disorder presents in all ages and occurs at a rate of 2 to 5 cases per million per year. LCH is a complex entity; the clinic manifestations can mimic other common conditions and therefore a comprehensive evaluation is indicated. Since oral manifestations are frequent, the early diagnose of this pathology could be detected by dental professionals. The aim of this case report is to describe a case of LCH who initially was misdiagnosed and treated for a dental infection. This disease requires accurate histopathological diagnosis and timely treatment; hence it is necessary to raise awareness among dentists to avoid misdiagnose of oral manifestations of LCH.
The Challenge for Engineering Pharmaceutical Crystalline Solids: Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Perspectives for Crystal Structure Design and Prediction
Authors: Cvetkovski Aleksandar
Published: November 2020

The Breakthrough into solid-state research has become emerging approach for structure determination of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and excipeents that consequently influence their physic-chemical properties, biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic profiles. The concept of conventional pharmaceutical salts has been extended to multicomponent crystals which diversity in nature of the non-covalent intermolecular interactions determine the crystal packing patterns within the structures, and thus modulate the native properties of APIs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight how accomplishments in crystallographic research on molecular crystal have influenced their classification and how these new solid phases have been recognized by the regulatory bodies. The advantage to explore the pharmaceutical crystalline solids of one API implies the selection of the form with favorable properties for the development of formulations for pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Impact of thermal processing methods on the composition and content of 4'-O-methylpyridoxine analogues in Ginkgo biloba seeds
Authors: Gong Hao , Wu Cai-e , Kou Xiao-Hong , Fan Gong-Jian , Li Ting-Ting , Wang Jia-Hong , Wang Tao
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the effect of thermal processing methods, namely, boiling, microwaving, baking, and frying, on the 4'-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN) analogues of Gingko biloba seeds. All thermal processing methods decreased MPN, pyridoxine, and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, total MPN (TMPN), and total vitamin B6 (VB6) contents but increased MPN-5'-glucoside and pyridoxamine contents. Baking and frying reduced TMPN content by 46.54%–54.67% and 46.54%–54.67%, respectively. Frying was identified as the optimal thermal processing method that maintains the VB6 compound content of G. biloba seeds at high levels (72.92%–84.62%). Principal component analysis revealed the different effects of thermal processing methods on MPN analogues in G. biloba seeds. The results of this study demonstrate that compared with other thermal processing methods, frying can better reduce the toxic compound content (TMPN) of G. biloba seeds and promote VB6 retention.
Persistence and dissipation behavior of pesticide residues in parsley (Petroselinum crispum) under field conditions
Authors: Heshmati A , Komacki H.A. , Nazemi F , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin
Published: November 2020

The residue level, dissipation behavior, and dietary intake risk of chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in parsley (Petroselinum crispum) were investigated under field conditions. Extraction and determination of pesticide residues were carried out by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method and a gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) system, respec-tively. Dissipation of chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in pars-ley followed the first-order kinetics with a half-life (t1/2) of 3.33, 3.30, 2.94, 3.52, 4.10, and 3.38 days, respectively. Based on the dissipation pattern and the maximum residue limits (MRL), preharvest intervals (PHI) of 25, 13, 18, 24, 1, and 16 days are suggested for chlorpyrifos-methyl, dimethoate, permethrin, iprodione, metalaxyl, and propargite in parsley, respectively. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of pesticides ranged from 7.37E-05 (dimeth-oate) to 8.00E-04 (metalaxyl) mg/kg. The chronic risk assessment showed that the hazard quotient (HQ) was <1 and Hazard Index (HI, indicating the cumulative exposure to pesticide residues) was <100%, demonstrating that an intake of pesticide residues from parsley was safe for humans.
Entre o enclausuramento e a desinstitucionalização: a trajetória da saúde mental no Brasil
Authors: Sampaio Mariá Lanzotti , Bispo Júnior José Patrício
Published: November 2020

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a trajetória das políticas de saúde mental no Brasil. Realizamos a sistematização dos períodos históricos com base na análise dos contextos sociopolítico, de organização do sistema de saúde e das características da atenção em saúde mental. Identificamos sete períodos desde a institucionalização da loucura, no período imperial, até 2019. A trajetória da política revela um processo de disputa de concepções epistemológicas e simbólicas sobre a loucura e o adoecimento mental, que em interação com outros fatores contextuais influenciam os modelos assistenciais e as práticas de cuidado. Posteriormente, discutimos a pluralidade de abordagens da desinstitucionalização no cenário internacional e as influências sobre o modelo de saúde mental proposto pela Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira. Apresentamos uma síntese da ideia de desinstitucionalização considerando as várias dimensões que envolvem a perspectiva abrangente do termo. Por fim, refletimos sobre os avanços e desafios da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira. Apesar das significativas conquistas, persistem problemas relacionados ao financiamento, à estigmatização, à frágil articulação intersetorial e à reprodução da lógica manicomial nos serviços substitutivos. Além disso, as atuais mudanças na Política Nacional de Saúde Mental constituem-se como principais ameaças ao modelo desinstitucionalizante.
Effect of seed coat rupture on the germination of Mimosa flocculosa Burkart (Leguminosae) seeds
Authors: Ribeiro Maiara Iadwizak , Rodrigues Guilherme Almeida Garcia , Mathias Gabriele Larissa , Silva Shirley Martins , Corsato Jaqueline Malagutti , Fortes Andréa Maria Teixeira
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Mimosa flocculosa Burkart is a native species used for the recovery of degraded areas. Large scale seedling production in nurseries is hindered due to seed physical dormancy. This study evaluated the germination and seed coat anatomy of M. flocculosa seeds subjected to dormancy overcome treatments. Seeds of M. flocculosa were subjected to: control with distilled water, heated water at 50, 80 and 100 °C, and H2SO4 for 1, 3 and 5 minutes. Germination tests were conducted with four replicates of 25 seeds in an entirely casualized delineation, analyzing germination percentage, mean germination time and germination speed index. Moreover, anatomical analysis of the seed coat was conducted. The treatments with heated water at 80 ºC, and sulfuric acid for 3 and 5 minutes promoted benefic anatomical alterations in the seed integument, reflecting in higher and faster in germination rates. Heated water at 80 ºC is recommended because of its efficiency and safety.
Os desafios do tratamento multidisciplinar da dor pós-pandemia ocasionada pelo vírus Sars-CoV-2
Authors: Teixeira Lucas , Freitas Renato Leonardo de , Carvalho Leonardo Cesar
Published: November 2020

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A Associação Internacional para o Estudo da Dor recomendou a revisão da definição de dor para "Uma experiência sensorial e emocional desagradável associada com, ou semelhante àquela associada a dano real ou potencial do tecido”. De fato, a dor é uma experiência pessoal influenciada em vários graus por fatores biológicos, psicológicos e sociais1. A pandemia provocada pela (SARS-CoV-2) expôs profissionais de saúde que não estavam preparados para os desafios sem precedentes. Muitos se concentraram em ventiladores, leitos de terapia intensiva, mas outros permaneceram na vanguarda do tratamento da dor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão sobre o impacto da pandemia por COVID-19 no tratamento da dor, além da proposição de uma alternativa frente ao presente contexto, como a telereabilitação. CONTEÚDO: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados: LILACS, Scielo, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PubCovid e bases de dados dedicadas a publicação de Preprints sobre a temática COVID-19, como Psyarxiv e Preprint MedRxiv. Na presente revisão pretendemos evidenciar os prejuízos cognitivos, emocionais e comportamentais relacionadas à dor durante a pandemia causada pela COVID-19. CONCLUSÃO: O contexto pandêmico e isolamento social pode interferir negativamente nas respostas de sensibilidade e no tratamento da dor, seja pelo aumento em eventos de dor na população, impactados pelos prejuízos sociais e psicológicos ou pela interrupção do atendimento presencial durante a pandemia. Neste ponto, recomendamos o avanço gradual na abordagem das limitações atuais do tratamento e propomos um roteiro futuro para enfrentar possíveis desafios que possam se apresentar.
Effect of CeO2 concentration on the microstructure and wear behavior of Co–WC composites
Authors: Zhang Ya-gang , Sun Wan-chang , Ma Min , Liu Yu-wan , Tian Sha-sha , Xiao Yan
Published: November 2020

A novel tungsten carbide (WC)- and ceria (CeO2)-reinforced cobalt (Co) matrix composite coating was synthesized through a one-step co-electrodeposition method. The growth mechanism of the coating and the formation mechanism of the protrusion and gully structure on the coating surface were explored. Furthermore, the mechanism of the influence of ceria concentration on the deposition rate and content of tungsten carbide is discussed. The results revealed that the coating fabricated at 6 g/l ceria achieved a dense structure, a fine grain size, a high content of tungsten carbide (19.9 wt.%) and a high deposition rate (78.2 μm/h). The average thickness of the coating was 118.48 μm, and the composite coating had a preferred orientation of cobalt (101) texture. In addition, the maximum microindentation hardness of the coating deposited at 6 g/l ceria was obtained as 627 HV. The electrodeposits possessed a superior anti-wear behavior, which was mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect of tungsten carbide and ceria in improving the mechanical properties of the cobalt matrix composite coating.
COMPARISION BETWEEN DISSECTION AND CT MEASUREMENTS OF THYROID AND CRICOID CARTILAGES IN ADULTS
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences affiliated to Adichunchanagiri University, B.G Nagara,  Karnataka, India., Savitha V  , Menasinkai Sharada B. ,   Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences affiliated to Adichunchanagiri University, B.G Nagara, Karnataka, India.
Published: November 2020

Background: The increasing application of sophisticated electro-physiological & radiological methods for the diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal disorders requires an extensive knowledge of the size and proportions of the human larynx & its cartilaginous components. Aims: To study the various morphometric measurements of the Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages in male & female in dissection & CT method and to compare the measurements of Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages between living (CT measurements) & Cadaver (dissected specimens). Materials and Methods: The present study was carried on 62 (31 Male, 31 Female) patients undergoing CT neck attending the Department of Radiology, K.R Hospital attached to Mysore Medical College & Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India. In the Computerized Tomography of Neck, measurements of Thyroid & Cricoid cartilages were taken at two levels by using Radiant Dicom Viewer software. Thyroid and Cricoid cartilages from 62 cases (Male: 31, Female: 31) of postmortem in the department of Forensic medicine, MMC and RI, Mysore were studied. Various parameters on thyroid and cricoid were measured using vernier caliper. Results: The results by two methods showed significant differences after death i.e. by dissection method the AP measurements of both thyroid & cricoid cartilages are less compared to AP measurements of both cartilages by CT method in both sexes i.e. in living. Conclusion: We can conclude that there is decrease in AP distance of both thyroid & Cricoid cartilages in both the sexes after death. These morphological differences have important clinical and surgical implications. KEY WORDS: Larynx, Thyroid Cartilage, Cricoid Cartilage, Morphometry, Sex determination.
Acromegalia y adenomas hipofisarios: una revision de la literatura
Authors: Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Caamaño Villafañe Paola Andrea , Gil-Barrera Sihara , Corrales-Santander Hugo , Ramos Villegas Yancarlos , Picon Jaimes Yelson Alejandro , Pacheco Hernández Alfonso
Published: November 2020

La acromegalia es una condición que engloba determinadas manifestaciones clínicas ocasionadas por altos niveles séricos de la hormona del crecimiento que, en la mayoría de los casos es debida a la presencia de adenomas hipofisarios. La temprana sospecha clínica de esta entidad y su oportuno diagnóstico permite que el tratamiento genere tasas altas de remisión de la enfermedad. Los productores de la hormona de crecimiento representan del 10 al 25%, sus manifestaciones clínicas inespecíficas, sumadas al comportamiento insidioso de la enfermedad, conducen a retraso en su diagnóstico y tratamiento, de tal forma que la sospecha de esta condición en el comienzo de aparición de signos y síntomas resulta relevante para disminuir su morbilidad.
Biomechanics of the dorsolumbar region during manual patient handling
Authors: Olaya Mira Natali , Soto Cardona Isabel Cristina , Ciro Vargas Karla Cristina , Rodríguez Buitrago Paola Andrea
Published: November 2020

Background: Many work-related accidents and diseases that affect nursing assistants’ health and the economy of companies are attributed to manual load handling. Among the available methods to analyses these tasks, NIOSH is one of the most commonly adopted. Furthermore, the implementation of biomechanical techniques enables to create and assess records that quantify the complexity of injuries. The objective is to evaluate the biomechanics of manual patient handling by the NIOSH method complemented with electromyography of the lumbar region and videogrammetry of the gesture. Methods: In a simulated work environment a patient was lifted to a gurney while the stability of the dorsolumbar region was calculated using electromyography. At the same time, the kinematics of the main joints involved in the gesture were recorded using videogrammetry. These data were compared with those of the NIOSH method to establish the main factors that may have an influence on the performance of manual load lifting. Results: The maximum recommended weight was found to be above the lifted weight. Besides, the lifting index suggested that the task could cause musculoskeletal issues. The coactivation of the pairs of medial muscles presented values under 50%. The kinematics of all the joints exhibited points of inflection during lifting and a wide variation of the amplitude of movement throughout the gesture. Conclusions: The variables that affect lifting depend on the design of the work environment. Moreover, they are closely related to articular kinematics and the height of the participants, who demonstrated good stability in the dorsolumbar region.
The Analysis of Key Provisions of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of 09.07.2020 No. 18 “On Judicial Practice in Cases of Illegal Crossing of the State Border of the Russian Federation and Crimes Related to Illegal Migration”
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Akimenko P. A.
Published: November 2020

The norms introduced at different times into Russian criminal legislation and enshrined in Articles 322, 3221, 3222 and 3223 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation have a number of legal defects, resulting in a controversial practice that has generated a lot of debate in the scientific community regarding this research issue. There was a need to accumulate and analyze the existing judicial practice, taking into account advanced scientific views. As a result, the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation issued a Resolution aimed at regulating criminal liability for violations of migration legislation. After that, the author of the article conducts a detailed analysis of the said judicial act and on this basis draws conclusions about the set of positive and negative aspects contained in it in order to help create a uniform law enforcement practice.
The Phenomenon of Cybercrime in the 21st Century
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia, Plotnikova T. V. , Kotelnikova O. V. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia
Published: November 2020

The spread and development of the “Internet” has erased the boundaries of communication and the dissemination of information. With the massive spread of computers, the world community is faced with such phenomena as illegal activities using a computer (and / or against computers), as well as this activity through the Internet. Many scientists and experts distinguish between cybercrime as a legal category and as a social phenomenon. The first is characterized by a specific unlawful act using a computer, computer network or the Internet. The qualification of these acts within the framework of cybercrime is not in doubt and complexity, because here are clearly expressed signs of a virtual illegal act. These illegal acts are aimed at all spheres of public life. There is no clear division into specific types of cybercrime. For cybercriminal prosecution, it is necessary to prove their involvement in this illegal act. The “virtual traces” of an illegal act are easy to hide due to the ease of changing and destroying computer information. A procedure for processing and seizing evidence is quite complicated, and sometimes impossible. These facts make it difficult to prove the guilt and involvement of a person in a virtual crime, thereby contributing to an increase in the percentage of unsolved crimes. Cybercrime has become a threat to security of man, society and the government. It poses a real threat not only to individual states, but also to the entire world community as a whole.
Developing Law Students’ Communicative Competence: the ESP Perspective
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Voyakina E. Yu. , Korolyova L. Yu. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia, Gunina N. A. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the essence of the communicative competence and ways of its development in law students. Teaching and learning of a foreign language is presented in the context of developing the communicative competence as a combination of linguistic, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competences. The content and the structure of the course in English for Law Students are described. Sample assignments to improve the language skills for professional communication in Legal English are given.
Russian Multi-Cycle System of Professional Specialists’ Training
Authors:   Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, Russia, Suslov A. G. , Fedonin O. N. ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, Russia, Petreshin D. I. ,   Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, Russia
Published: November 2020

The article shows the existing system of professional training of specialists in the USSR (Russia). The developed and implemented multi-cycle system of professional training of specialists is presented. In accordance with the new law “On Higher Professional Education”, an integrated system of training technicians, bachelors, engineers and masters is presented.
Формирование системы внутреннего контроля субъектов хозяйствования в Республике Беларусь: проблемы, состояние, развитие
Authors: Голуб Лариса Константиновна , Маталыцкая Светлана Константиновна
Published: November 2020

Цель: исследование проблем, возникающих при организации системы внутреннего контроля субъектов хозяйствования, определение составляющих ее элементов, механизмов формирования системы внутреннего контроля. Обсуждение: обоснование проблем создания системы внутреннего контроля, определение системы внутреннего контроля, выделение элементов, формирующих систему внутреннего контроля, закрепление моментов создания системы внутреннего контроля в локальных нормативных актах. Результаты: исследованы подходы к определению внутреннего контроля (системы внутреннего контроля) в нормативных документах Республики Беларусь, предложен авторский подход к определению категории «внутренний контроль»; выделение основных элементов, формирующих систему внутреннего контроля; определены организационные моменты функционирования системы внутреннего контроля.
Нестоличная реновация
Authors: Голубева Яна Анатольевна , Веретенников Даниил Игоревич , Коротыч Виктор Игоревич , Крутенко Любовь Викторовна , Малышев Гавриил Николаевич , Низамутдинова Гульназ Разябовна
Published: November 2020

Крупные города России сегодня — это значительные материальные ресурсы, накопленные в недвижимости и инфраструктуре, объемы ветшания которых превосходят возможности финансирования ежегодного ремонта. Неравномерность развития страны приводит к сверхконцентрации людей и ресурсов в крупных городах и агломерациях, что, с одной стороны, усугубляет неравенство социально-экономического развития регионов, с другой — усиливает разрыв в развитии центров и периферий внутри самих крупных городов. Так, крупные города России, столкнувшиеся с массовым миграционным притоком, развиваются экстенсивно, расползаясь на периферию и оттягивая ресурсы из пределов освоенной урбанизированной территории, что приводит к деградации существующей застройки, усугублению социального и инфраструктурного неравенства. Прежде чем нас накроет волной катастрофических обрушений, разрывов сетей и других подобных проблем, следует предусмотреть новые механизмы реновации фондов, а также найти альтернативу экстенсивному развитию.

Реновация за пределами Москвы — это проблема, в рамках которой необходимо найти инструменты работы с существующими фондами без их тотального сноса. Мы в качестве базовой гипотезы принимаем, что при размещении новых объемов в границах застроенных территорий и привнесении на недосформированные территории пространственной структуры возникнут возможности развития имеющегося фонда и инфраструктур. Размещение новой застройки должно улучшать качество сложившейся среды, а не порождать градостроительные конфликты.

В рамках исследования на примере кейса Санкт-Петербурга были выделены восемь морфотипов, характерных для среды постсоветского города. Для каждого из них определены пространственные инструменты работы с застроенными территориями, предполагающие скрупулезную работу с контекстом, включающую в том числе привлечение к участию в городском развитии максимального числа собственников жилья. С помощью проектирования как исследовательского инструмента был оценен примерный емкостный ресурс освоенных урбанизированных территорий при их развитиипо предложенной компактной модели.
Simoa Extracellular Vesicle assays v1
Authors: Norman Maia , Ter-Ovanesyan Dima , Lazarovits Roey , Trieu Wendy , Hyun Lee Ju , Walt David
Published: November 2020

Extracellular Vesicles (EV) are reservoirs of biomarkers such as mRNA and post-translationally modified proteins, which may be of use in diagnosing disease. However, major challenges still remain in the isolation and characterization of EVs in complex biofluids such as plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. We developed a method for quantifying EVs in complex biofluids by measuring three commonly expressed EV transmembrane proteins (CD9, CD63 and CD81). Due to the low abundance of EVs in biofluids, we used single molecule array (Simoa) technology in order to quantify these transmembrane proteins. By using all three, we reduce the chance of missing a rare population of EVs and instead get a composite measure of total EVs. This protocol describes how to prepare the reagents necessary for Simoa analysis of EVs as well as how to set up and run the assay on the Quanterix HD-1 or HD-X instrument.
Fungal Extraction from Beetles v1
Authors: Li You , Hulcr Jiri
Published: November 2020

This protocol describes how to extract fungal symbionts from beetles. This protocol is part of the Bark Beetle Mycobiome (BBM) Research Coordination Network. For more information on the BBM international network: Hulcr J, Barnes I, De Beer ZW, Duong TA, Gazis R, Johnson AJ, Jusino MA, Kasson MT, Li Y, Lynch S, Mayers C, Musvuugwa T, Roets F, Seltmann KC, Six D, Vanderpool D, & Villari C. 2020. Bark beetle mycobiome: collaboratively defined research priorities on a widespread insect-fungus symbiosis. Symbiosis 81: 101–113 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-020-00686-9.
Extemporaneous Intervention to Construct a Financial Education History
Authors: De Souza Jéssica Ignácio , Flores Cláudia Regina
Published: November 2020

Background: The inclusion of financial education in the mathematics curriculum of the basic Brazilian education, both in elementary and high school, has been the subject of discussion in recent academic research, as well as in propositional and normative documents, such as the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). Objective: This article aims to present the theoretical and methodological perspective used to build a history of financial education, which is part of the mathematics curriculum taught in Brazilian public schools. Design: For this, we use conceptual tools proposed by Michel Foucault, inspired by Nietzsche's writings, such as the concepts of Herkunft (provenance) and Entestehung (emergence). Scenario and Participants: We rely on the writings of Michel Foucault, studying the teaching of mathematics, in the specificity of this theme, with contributions from philosophical and historical writing, also inspiring us in the concepts of genealogy, union between philosophy and history, according to Nietzsche. Data collection and analysis: The textbooks were collected from the Museu da Escola Catarinense, while the academic works were retrieved from CAPES data bank for the qualitative analysis. Results: Hence, five methodological precautions for the analysis of power and the constitution of an object called financial education are described, namely: the financial education theme comes from a dispersion of practices, and not from an origin; we are interested in the power relations that are engendered, and that forge a financial education; the subjects are agents and effects of utterances forming a discursive network on economics; the analysis focuses on the mechanisms, techniques, and tactics, not on the centre of the power; financial education  is the topic that results from the confrontation of power relations. Conclusions: With this research, we intended to make an extemporaneous intervention so that it is possible for teachers to reflect and problematise their practice in the face of this new role they are attributed.
Mathematical Investigation Contributions for the Financial Education and Economics Teaching
Authors: Franzoni Patricia , Quartieri Marli Teresinha
Published: November 2020

Background: The proposal of financial education in classrooms is born in the expectation of changing an irresponsible consumption scenario that society is going through and should be included in all student educational contexts, from elementary to higher education, aiming to provide consumers-individuals with basic notions of economics and consumption. Objective: Analyse how investigative tasks can contribute to the financial education and economics teaching. Design: Methodology of mathematical investigation. Setting and participants: The research was carried out with twelve students in the discipline of Financial Mathematics, in a mathematics program at a university in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Data collection and analysis: This article is characterised as qualitative research and the data produced (tasks, recordings, questionnaire, forum) were analysed through discursive textual analysis. Results: Possibilities of conjectures and resolving strategies; investigative activity importance, in group, for the creativity and autonomy learning and development; critical thinking development in the decision making process; relations between the task and daily life situations; and analysis of difficulties during task execution. Conclusions: Through this study, we conclude that the investigative tasks have contributed for the teaching and learning processes, when the small groups made discoveries and followed different paths during each problem situation solving, they demonstrated enthusiasm, creativity, and autonomy. When the results were compared, at the moment of interaction with the bigger group, the groups realised they could have chosen other paths, or any important factor, which could have been part of the analysis, had not been considered, what yielded several discussions in the classroom as well as in the virtual forum, strengthening a critical and collaborative thinking development.
Comparative study on current recommendations on technologies for the Teaching of Mathematics in Brazil and Portugal
Authors: Dias Marcelo De Oliveira , Santos Leonor
Published: November 2020

Background: The general guidelines of the prescribed Mathematics curricula in force in Brazil and Portugal emphasise the use of digital technologies for Mathematics Education to meet the demands of the globalised world. Objectives: To analyse perspectives expressed in the documents and speeches that circulated in the reform processes of the curricular guidelines. Design: Comparative research for the analysis of recent reforms concerning the recommendations on the use of technologies. Setting and participants: Literature review and documentary analysis of the curriculum guidelines in Brazil for the final years of elementary school in Brazil and for the last year of the 2nd cycle and the entire 3rd cycle in Portugal. Data collection and analysis: Qualitative documentary analysis, the categories of analysis emerged from the literature review and trends that are under discussion and will compose the reference framework of the Mathematics Project 2030. Results: In the Digital Literacy category, we observed an emphasis on digital applications aiming at changing the framework, representation and unclear communication of the real objectives; and in the Computational Thinking category, we observed a focus on building algorithms in a limited and very specific way and using language, aiming at the development of mathematical logical thinking in structuring digital applications, in formulating and solving problems. Conclusions: The study raised the need to discuss issues related to the clear definition of objectives, the emphasis on the adoption of software primarily for illustration, limits on the connection between computational thinking and algebraic language, and the focus on rigour in the development of skills for control and management.
Flett Potential Spaces and a Weighted Wavelet-Like Transform
Authors:   Akdeniz University, Faculty of Education, 07058, Antalya, Turkey, Evcan Sinem Sezer , Barut Sevda
Published: November 2020

In this study, the Flett potential spaces are defined and a characterization of these potential spaces is given. Most of the known characterizations of classical potential spaces such as Riesz, Bessel potentials spaces and their generalizations are given in terms of finite differences. Here, by taking wavelet measure instead of finite differences, a weighted wavelet-like transform associated with Poisson semigroup is defined. And, by making use of this weighted wavelet-like transform, a new “truncated" integrals are defined, then using these integrals a characterization of the Flett potential spaces is given.
Executive Function Evaluation System Based on Wiping Desk Behavior in Virtual Space
Authors:   Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu-shi Shiga, 525-8577 Japan, Ooi Sho , Mihara Akihito , Sano Mutsuo , Tabuchi Hajime , Saito Fumie , Umeda Satoshi
Published: November 2020

In this study, we report the development of a virtual reality (VR) system that evaluates executive function based on cleaning behaviors in real-time. It is known that patients with acquired brain injuries present adverse symptoms such as attention, memory, and functional disorders, as well as aphasia. Current methods to evaluate acquired brain injuries include tests such as the behavioral assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome (BADS) and digital clinical assessment for attention (D-CAT) tests; however, these tests require special/specific toolkits, and the methods are rigorous when applied for real-time dynamic evaluation. Moreover, patients are often burdened by the need to undergo paper tests as required by the evaluation methods. In this context, we propose and verify the efficacy of a method that offers real-time dynamic evaluation of acquired brain injury based on daily-living activities such as cooking, cleaning, and shopping. In this study, we focus on executive function relating to acquired brain injury, and we propose a real-time dynamic evaluation method for executive functioning using VR, which enables the automatic evaluation of subjects’ table-cleaning behavior. Our results indicate that our system can automatically assess subjects’ table cleaning behavior based on BADS test, while affording a cleaning behavior maximum average accuracy of 75.5%.
Evaluation of WSN's Resilience to Challenges in Smart Cities
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia, Lafi Aljohani Sarah , J. F. Alenazi Mohammed
Published: November 2020

Smart cities are considered to be one of the most important applications of the IoT notion. Most smart city applications rely fundamentally on ubiquitous sensing, enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies. These sensor networks are vulnerable to different challenges that cause failures in some parts of the network, which in turn interfere with the availability of network services and weaken the user experience. In this paper, we introduce a graph-theoretic model of wireless sensor networks used in smart cities. Moreover, we present several challenges, such as natural disasters and random failures and evaluate the system's performance in terms of data delivery, end to end delay, and energy consumption. The evaluation results show that fire is the challenge that causes the most damage among the three challenges examined, while random failure has the least effect on network performance. The results also show that the modeled WSN's can cope well with the challenge of random failures.
COMPETITIVE PROCESS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN THE 2000s
Authors: Radziviliuk V. , Poliakov R.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the chronology of the legal regulation for bankruptcy in Ukraine at the stage of its economic recovery, clarifies the essence of its elements, as well as the effectiveness of the entire legal mechanism and its individual components. The authors pay attention to the legal regimentation of the bankruptcy procedure and to the legal acts that regulate its implementation. The main novelties and shortcomings of these acts and their impact on law enforcement practice and on the economy as a whole are highlighted. The article considers the approaches of the legislator to the settlement of the legal status of creditors, their representative bodies, the arbitration managers, as well as the implementation of certain court procedures applied to the debtor at different stages of bankruptcy legislation development. It was found that the Bankruptcy Law, as amended in 2002, became one of the driving forces of Ukraine's economic growth. It is determined that the Recommendations of Supreme Economic Court of Ukraine have highlighted one of the key provisions (principles), in particular the priority of the Bankruptcy Law over other legal acts and the latter can be applied in insolvency as much as necessary and possible. It is substantiated that the Bankruptcy Law, as amended in 2011, contained both the development of judicial practice as well as revolutionary provisions and the achievement of technical progress in the field of the Internet, which contributed to bringing the bankruptcy proceedings to a higher level. It is argued that a number of provisions of this law were used in the preparation of the Commercial and Procedural Code of Ukraine and the Civil Procedural Code of Ukraine. It is determined that a number of the most important provisions of the legislation of the period under study were not reflected in the latest bankruptcy legislation, in particular: clear conditions for initiating bankruptcy proceedings; variety of bankruptcy procedures applied to debtors with legal personality; indefinite circle of subjects of bankruptcy and those persons who are not included in the named circle.
Some Techniques for Translator’s Text Processing Skills Development
Authors: Enbaeva L.V.
Published: November 2020

Translator’s professional skills development occurs in many respects due to cognitive processes development. The study of their formation within professional tasks performance caters to the needs of its effectiveness enhancement. The existing research of human perception and text processing skills can provide a framework for translation guidelines and translation-oriented text analysis guidelines, but is rarely employed for the sake of text analysis techniques development. The aim of this study is to work out a set of techniques which simultaneously addresses text processing skills and development of translator’s competencies, connected with source text comprehension. The resulting set of techniques was motivated by postmodernist approach to translation and its idea of text semantics instability. A few techniques employed the design of Münsterberg experiment on attention and Schulte tables which are used to identify the attention selectiveness, concentration and performance capacity. The succession of techniques in a set is built according to the three-step strategy of foreign language reading skills development that comprises before-reading, while-reading and after-reading phases. The paper presents an example set of tasks for one text; they include author’s communicative aims identification, anticipation, predicative structures and multilevel semantic links eliciting, textual semantic field identifying, analysis of alternative and invariant structural elements as imposed by the conventions of the genre.
On Gender Marking in the English Language
Authors: Yarovikova Y.V.
Published: November 2020

The paper is concerned with a diachronic study of gender marking in the English language. The study aims to trace the evolution of markers differentiating the grammatical category of gender. It is revealed that the decay of gender in the English language resulted from that of case inflections which used to be the distinct gender markers of Old English noun and adjective paradigms. The paper also examines linguistic and extralinguistic causes of the development of third-person pronouns which are referred to as the main gender markers in Modern English. Gender aspect of pronominal reference is viewed form a sociocultural perspective associated with attempts to eliminate sexism in language. In this regard, it is shown to what extent this tendency has influenced the meaning, forms and functioning of English pronouns.
Shear Bond Strength of a Resin Composite to Six Pulp Capping Materials Used in Primary Teeth
Authors: Alhowaish Latifa , Salama Fouad , Al-Harbi Mohammed , Abumoatti Mohamad
Published: November 2020

Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure types of a resin-composite to six pulp-capping materials used in primary teeth. Study design: Eight-disc specimens from each pulp-capping material (6 groups) to bond to Filtek™ Z350 XT Flowable using a standard PVC tube (2×2mm). All groups were prepared according to the instruction of the manufacturer. The SBS was measured with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min using a universal testing machine. Failure mode evaluation was completed using Digital Microscope by two independent examiners. Results: Urbical LC® showed the highest SBS (Mean±SD) followed by ProRoot® MTA and TheraCal LC® (35.422±2.910, 22.114±2.515, and 21.175±1.983) respectively. ANOVA showed significant differences between all groups (P=0.0001). Urbical LC® and Photac™ Fil QuickAplicap™ were statistically significant different from all other pulp-capping materials groups. ProRoot® MTA was statistically significant different than Biodentine® (P=0.0001) and Photac™ Fil (P=0.0001). The total number of bond failure was recorded for cohesive B failure/cohesive in the pulp-capping material (14) and adhesive failure (14). Conclusion: Most of the tested pulp-capping materials bonded to Filtek™ Z350 XT demonstrated clinically acceptable and high SBS. Urbical LC showed the highest SBS while Biodentine® showed the lowest SBS.
Orodental, Facial and Clinical Features of Mutation-Positive Noonan Syndrome: A Monocentric Study
Authors: Gürsoy Semra , Hazan Filiz , Kaderli Bülent , Meşe Timur , Tükün Ajlan
Published: November 2020

Objective: To evaluate orodental, facial, clinical and molecular characteristics of the patients with Noonan Syndrome (NS).Study Design: The orodental, clinical and molecular characteristics of 29 mutation-positive patients with NS were recorded. Orodental examination was performed in 17 patients. All exons and exonintron boundries of PTPN11 and SOS1 genes were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. Results: A total of 29 patients with NS from 27 unrelated families were included in the study. Seventeen patients were examined by a specialist in oral medicine. The most common orodental findings were high-arched palate (n=13), gingivitis (n=6) and severe caries (n=6). Anterior open bite, posterior cross bite, Class II malocclusion, hypodontia, prognathism (maxillary or mandibular), macroglossia and gingival hyperplasia were also detected. Thirteen different mutations were observed in PTPN11 gene and exon 3 was the hotspot region. Hypodontia was detected in two patients who had the same mutation in PTPN11 gene, c.181G>A, p.D61N. Conclusion: This study indicated a high prevalance of orodental problems including high-arched palate, severe dental caries and gingivitis in patients with mutation-positive NS. The mutation in PTPN11 gene, c.181G>A, p.D61N, may be associated with hypodontia in patients with NS.