bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Wind - Energy Storage Hybrid System
Authors: Liang Liang , Li Jian Lin , Hui Dong
Published: February 2011

Recently, more and more people realize the importance of environment protection. Electric power generation systems using renewable energy sources have an advantage of no greenhouse effect gas emission. Among all the choices, wind power can offer an economic and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional methods of power supply. As a result, wind energy generation, utilization and its grid penetration in electrical grid is increasing world wide. The wind generated power is always fluctuating due to its time varying nature and causing stability problem. Inserting energy storage system into large scale wind farm to eliminate the fluctuation becomes a solution for developing large scale renewable energy system connected with grid. The topology diagram and control strategy are presented in this paper. According to the simulation result, it could be indicated that embedding energy storage system into wind power system could improve the access friendly and extend system functions. This paper shows that integrating energy storage system into wind power system will build a more reliable and flexible system for power grid.
Evaluation on Cleaning Effect of Cleaning Cloths for LCD Screen Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Yang Hong Ying , Zhou Jin Li , Yuan Hai Bo , Zhu Ping Ping
Published: February 2011

In order to assess the cleaning effect of cleaning cloths for LCD screen according to their properties, several properties indices were extracted, they are flexural rigidity, the height of water transmission, hairiness fall off, electrical surface resistance, dust caught, and so on. Based on the measurement of these properties indices of ten typical microfiber cleaning cloths, an integrated index to evaluate their cleaning effect objectively was obtained by principal component analysis, which shows good agreement with the actual cleaning result of computer screen.
Structure and Properties of Superfine Coating on Cast Steel by Electro-Spark Deposition
Authors: Gao Yu Xin , Fang Zhi Gang , Wang Jian Sheng
Published: February 2011

Superfine coatings have been attempted to prepare by Electro-spark deposition (ESD) on cast steel substrate. The microstructures and properties of the coating were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microhardness tester. The results show that ultra-fine particles prevail in the coating. The primary phases of the coating contain Fe3W3C, Co3W3C, Si2W and W2C. Its average microhardness reaches 1511.75 HV. The results of abrasive test demonstrated that the coating had an excellent sliding wear resistance because the superfine particles distributed dispersedly in the coating increased the resistance to micro-cutting and plowing during the wear test, which effectively improves the surface performance of cast steel substrate.
Properties and Synthesis of α-Fe2O3/SiO2 Composite Color
Authors: Li Yun , Wang Chen Xue , Shang You , Chang Ping , Jia Lina
Published: February 2011

Iron oxide red is one of the important iron oxide pigments. Domestic iron oxide red will be shading and darkening when calcination temperature is above 800°C. In addition to it possess strong absorption of ultraviolet and can not be resistant to strong acids. In order to improve the above disadvantages, the α-Fe2O3/SiO2 core–shell particles were synthesized with hydrolysis of sodium silicate as silica source by the way of heterogeneous phase coring precipitation in the Fe2O3 suspending liquid. The surface structure of these composite particles was characterized by means of IR, XRD and TG-DTA. The heat resistance, acid resistance and anti-UV absorption capacity of Fe2O3 particles before and after modification were analyzed via X-rite color difference meter and Ultraviolet Spectrometer. Results showed that the heat resistance, acid resistance and anti-UV absorption capacity are improved significantly because of SiO2 coat.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a New Preservative, 6-O-Chitosan Ester of P-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
Authors: Zhao Xi Rong
Published: February 2011

A new chitosan ester derivative, chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate is synthesized, which is expected to have antimicrobial activity similar to parabens. The amino group of chitosan reacts well with acyl chloride to prepare a N-amic acid-chitosan. The amino group of chitosan must be protected before synthesizing a 6-O-chitosan ester. Phthalic anhydride is selected to react with chitosan to form N-phthalimide chitosan whose free amino group is protected. By six steps chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate is synthesized. FTIR,1H NMR and13C NMR spectra show that the ester bond is formed between p-hydroxybenzonic acid and chitosan. Water solubility of the ester is slightly better than that of heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate, and its solubility in alcohol is greatly improved. Chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate showes broader spectrum antimicrobial activities. It has strong antimicrobial effects against Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. The MICs of chitosan p-hydroxybenzoate for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherchia coli are 0.01% and 0.025%, respectively.
Numerical Research for the Film Surface Wave with the Different Flow Case
Authors: Wu Zheng Ren , Chen Qi , Liu Mei
Published: February 2011

The effects of different flow case, including resonant case, supercritical case and subcritical case, on the nonlinear surface waves of film with uneven bottom were analyzed. Derived from the potential flow theory, the fKdV equation on the nonlinear surface wave was obtained by the little parameter perturbation technique. The simulation was made by pseudo-spectral method, and the waterfall plot of the surface wave was illustrated with Matlab program. The flow, incompressible and inviscid, of which the surface tension and uneven boundary is considered. The results comprehensive surface waves located on the film is very different among the three flow cases.
Effects of TiO2 on the Viscocity and Solidification Temperature of Mold Fluxes for the Stainless Steel
Authors: Sun Li Feng , Wang Hong Po , Jiang Mao Fa , Lin Qi Zeng , Liu Chun Lai , Zou Yong
Published: February 2011

Effects of TiO2 on the viscous characteristic of mold fluxes for the stainless steel were investigated by the rotary viscometer, TEM and XRD. The results showed that with the increasing amount of additive TiO2, the viscosity and solidification temperature of mold fluxes could decrease gradually, and then increase rapidly. The viscosity and solidification temperature of mold fluxes were minimum of 0.30Pa.s (1300°С ) and 1198°С respectively, as amount of additive TiO2 was 10mass%. The viscosity of mold fluxes could be decreased by the additive TiO2 which played the role of network modifier, and could be increased by the precipitation of perovskite (CaTiO3) crystals as amount of additive TiO2 was more than the critical value. The growth of cuspidine and wollastonite crystals could be restrained, and the precipitation of perovskite and melilite crystals could be promoted by the additive TiO2. In this study, the solubility of additive TiO2 was more than 20mass% in mold fluxes at 1350°С .
Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Rubber Used for Damping Bearing
Authors: Zhao Yong Xu , Hu Wen Jun , Mei Jun , Wei Niu , Xie Jian Jun
Published: February 2011

After testing on T-type rubber bearing under tensile, compression and shear mechanical properties under different temperature in this paper. Obtained load deflection curve and destructive mode under different loading conditions at -40 and normal temperature of rubber components. Analysis the impact of temperature and the loading conditions that effect on load-elongation and destructive mode of T-type damping rubber structure. It showed that T-end rubber bearing has different kinds of deformation under different force-giving methods. Under compression, the stress pattern of the rubber bearing is three-dimensional and middle rubber bear the greatest force. Under tensile loading, the middle part of the rubber contract and the side with smaller lateral section has greater shrinkage; moreover, damage occurred in the area with stress concentration and weak strength. Under shearing action, extrude faces appeared with crinkle and damage occurred in the middle part of extrude faces. At the low temperature-40 , rubber support still has great elastic properties. The low temperature has a big effect on tensile properties and has little effect on damage properties.
Prediction of Ferrite Transformation in Nb-Containing Microalloyed Steels during Continuous Cooling
Authors: Yun Bing , Sun Jian Zhi , Sun Jian Lin , Dong Xiao Lei
Published: February 2011

This paper considers for transformation behavior of Nb microalloyed steels, experiments had demonstrated the effect of Nb was obvious: lowered start temperature of ferrite transformation remarkably and forming more refined ferrite grain size. In this study, computer simulation of Nb-containing steels transformation during continuous cooling was carried out by adopting a classical nucleation and growth theory, the model was derived based on the theories and the experimental results, and the calculated start temperatures of ferrite transformation were compared with the results of experimental.
Experimental Study of Activation the Reactivity of Waste Mortar
Authors: Li Xiang Guo , Song Xue Feng , Ma Bao Guo , Jian Shou Wei
Published: February 2011

After the processes of crushing, screening and grinding, abandoned mortar powder can be used as a mineral admixture to replace cement. Physical-activating, alkali-activating and compound-activating have been used to stimulate the activity of abandoned mortar power. To get the mechanical properties and microstructure, compressive strength, flexural strength, XRD, TG-DTA and SEM were used. The results show that: Mechanical grinding and activator can greatly improve the activity of mortar power. Stimulating effect of compound activator was better than signal activator and it could promote further hydration of cement. The mortar which is stimulated by compound activator had higher strength than mortar by single activator. It can be seen from micro-test that the mortar with compound activator had more ettringite and other hydration products, and with compact structure.
Influence of Mn Doping on the Microstructure and Optical Properties of ZnS Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Hong Mei , Lian Yuan , Yuan Li Xia
Published: February 2011

ZnS nanoparticles with Mn2+doping (0–2.5%) were prepared through a simple chemical method. The nanostructures of the prepared undoped ZnS and Mn2+-doped ZnS:Mn nanoparticles had been characterized by X-ray power diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence spectra (PL) and UV–vis absorption spectra. The mean size of the particles was found to be approximately 3-5 nm through XRD measurements, TEM and the UV–vis absorption spectra. It was found that the Mn2+4T1→6A1emission intensity of ZnS:Mn nanoparticles was significantly enhanced with the increase of Mn2+concentration, which arrived a maximum value when Mn2+initial doping concentration was 1.5%. Continue increasing the Mn2+concentration, namely more than 1.5%, the Mn2+4T1→6A1emission intensity became weakened. And the resultant ZnS:Mn nanoparticles exhibited high efficiency for degrading methylene blue under UV light irradiation.
Study for Vibration Measurement and Failure Diagnostics System for CNC Milling Machines Based on LabVIEW
Authors: An Shuang Li , He Ya Fei , Qian Rui , Liu Xiao Hang
Published: February 2011

This paper presents a proposed system based on LabVIEW for data acquisition and monitoring of manufacturing process in machine tools with CNC. It was applied to evaluate work piece dimension and failure analysis in real time. The proposed system was developed and tested initially in a CNC milling machine with open architecture. Furthermore, it can be extended to other machines and processes, lines or cells of mass production as well. And it was applied in some factories and workshops now.
Research on Optic Fiber Coatings and Curing Process Monitoring of Composites Based on FBG
Authors: Sun Jiu Xiao , Ji Yun Dong , Yin Yan Zi , Wang Ji Hui
Published: February 2011

In this paper, effect of FBG coating in curing monitoring of composites was studied. In the experiment, three kinds of sensors were embedded in the composites. Excursion of the wavelength and temperature was tested in the whole curing process. 3-point bending test of composites which FBG was embedded in was done. Results showed that FBG could be exactly reflecting the relationship of stress and strain in bending state of composites. After cured, composites were heat up to 180°C for 1 hour. Sectional appearance of different optic fibers in room temperature and high temperature was got by optical microscope.
Effects of Nd on Microstructure and Properties of Spray Deposited Mg-Al-Zn Alloy
Authors: Li Zhen Liang , Ren Hui Ping , Wang Yun Feng , Wang Tong Le , Chen Wei , Xin Hai Ying , Zhang Guo Wei
Published: February 2011

Mg-Al-Zn alloys of 2% Nd and without Nd, which produced by spray deposited method, were heat treated at different solid-solution and the same aging treatment. The microstructure and hardness were analyzed by SEM , XRD and HV tester. The experimental results showed that Nd can make the spray deposited magnesium matrix grains tiny evenly, formed the second phase particle Al3Nd, and increased the hardness value. With the rise of solution temperature, the hardness of without Nd magnesium alloy show that rise firstly and then fall rapidly, but the 2%Nd magnesium alloy hardness increase all the time with the rising of solution temperature, and the hardness value increase sharply to the highest 181Hv after 448°C/3h+205°C/24h.
Effects of the Welding Process on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Ding Lian Zheng , Meng Qing Sen , Yang Zhong Wei , Wang Gang
Published: February 2011

In this study, welding of 2205 duplex stainless steel was carried out by first using plasma arc welding as root welding and then using tungsten inert-gas (TIG) welding and metal inert-gas (MIG) welding respectively as cover welding, Weldability of 2205 duplex stainless steel using two different the welding processes is investigated. Microstructure characteristics, mechanical properties, pitting corrosion resistance are made comparison between the weldment that is solution treated and that is not .Influence of heat input and the solid solution treatment on complex properties of welded joints is evaluated, and the solid solution treatment was conducted for both of the welded joints fabricated by the welding processes mentioned preciously.
Effect of Carbon Nanotubes Content on the Structure and Photo-Oxidation Behaviors of Polypropylene
Authors: Lian Yuan , Wang Hong Mei , Huang Dian Wu
Published: February 2011

Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs) were prepared via meltcompounding in a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding. The effects of MW-CNTs additions on the structure, mechanical and photo-oxidation behavior of PP were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests and FT-IR apparatus. XRD results showed that only α-PP crystals form in the PP/MW-CNTs composites. DSC results confirmed that the corporation of MW-CNTs enhanced the nucleation process on PP crystallization. Results of the tensile tests showed that before photo-oxidation, the tensile strengths of the samples increased with the increase of MW-CNTs contents when the MW-CNTs contents were less than 1% wt, whilst the tensile strength decreased at higher MW-CNTs contents (>1% wt). When subjected to photo-oxidation, the tensile strengths of the samples decreased with the increasing photo-oxidation time. The resistance to accelerated photo-oxidation of PP/MW-CNTs composites was also compared with the photo-oxidation behaviour of the original polypropylene sample. At short photo-oxidation time, such as under 250 h, the rates of carbonyl formation for the PP/MW-CNTs composites are similar to that observed for the original polypropylene but at longer photo-oxidation times the carbonyl formation increases for lower MW-CNTs contents (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8% wt), and decreases for higher MW-CNTs contents (1 and 2% wt). It was found that the MW-CNTs showed both anti-degradation and pro-degradation effects at different concentrations.
Study of Stress in TiO2 Films Grown by Electron-Beam Evaporation
Authors: Chen Tao , Wang Duo Shu , Xiong Yu Qing
Published: February 2011

TiO2 films were fabricated on Si substrate by using electron-beam gun evaporation. Influence of deposition rate, deposition temperature and ion beam bombarding on stress in TiO2 films was studied by AFM and XRD. The results show that deposition temperature of 423K and deposition rate of 0.2nm/s, the average stress in titanium oxide thin films is less than 48.2MPa. The average stress decreases to compressive stress of 16.7MPa from tensile stress of 72.9MPa by the ion beam energy of 113eV and bombarding time of 300s. The microstructure change of TiO2 films is main factors of stress development.
Study on the Corrosion Resistance and Wear Resistance of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on the Clad Plate of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Jia Rui Ling , Duan Hong Ping , Guo Feng , Zhai Xi Wei , Liang Ya Hong
Published: February 2011

Aluminium plate was cladded to magnesium alloy plate by using the explosive welding. The bonding morphology and composition of the explosive cladding plate was inspected by SEM and EDS. There is a wave bonding at the interface between aluminum plate and magnesium alloy plate. Then ceramic coatings were directly prepared on the surface of aluminum and magnesium alloy by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in the same solution and at the same time. The microstructure and composition of MAO coatings were studies by SEM and EDS. The corrosion and wear resistance of MAO coatings on the two sides of the clad plate were investigated by salt spray tests and friction-wear test. The results show that the MAO coating on the Al surface consists of Al, O and Si elements, while MAO coating on the Mg surface consists of Mg, O and Si elements. The corrosion resistance of MAO coating on the Al surface was better than that on Mg surface of the explosive clad plate. The MAO coatings both on the Al surface and on the Mg surface can obviously improve the wear resistance of substrate.
Calibration Methods of an On-Line Inspection System on a Large-Scale Turning-Milling Machining Center
Authors: Chen Ying Shu , Liu Li Bing , Jiang Qing Kai , Yang Ze Qing , Peng Kai
Published: February 2011

To improve the accuracy of the on-line inspection system used by a large-scale turning-milling machining center, its error sources were analyzed and some calibration methods were researched, including error calibration in Z, Y, -X and any angular directions. The error compensation method based on embedded HMI control and CNC variables control was proposed. The EN86N touch system with TT25G probe of Marposs is calibrated on the five-axis turning-milling machining center HTM125. The experiments improved that the calibration methods and the compensation method are reasonable and effective.
Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Antibacterial Activities and Photoactivity of N-Doped TiO2 Films by Ion Beam Assistance
Authors: Cheng Xiao Ling , Hu Yong Jun , Hu She Jun , Yu Lin , Xie Guang Rong
Published: February 2011

The N-doped TiO2films were prepared by cathode vacuum arc deposition with ion beam assisted. Influence of annealing temperature on the microstructure, optical property, photocatalytic activity and antibacterial activities of the N-doped TiO2films was studied. The experimental results indicate that annealing treatment significantly affects both microstructure and photoactivity. All the as deposited N-doped TiO2films retained an amorphous structure, the crystalline structure of N-doped TiO2films annealed in the range 400°C- 600°C were examined to be of anatase structure with a (101) preferential orientation，photocatalytic activity of the N-doped TiO2film annealed at 500°C was best under visible light, The N-doped TiO2films against E. coli and S. aureus had more than 99% antibacterial rate, and the antibacterial activity of the N-doped TiO2films stronger slightly with the increase of the annealing temperature.
A Kind of Non-Contact Measurement System for Areal Surface Texture
Authors: Wang Sheng Huai , Chen Yu Rong , Xie Tie Bang
Published: February 2011

For the measurement of areal surface texture, a non-contact measurement method for areal surface texture based on the co-integration of optical microscopy image measurement and white light microscopy interference measurement is proposed, which measures not only 2D size of length but also 3D surface texture. Based on this method, a 2D&3D optical microscopy measurement system for areal surface texture has been developed. It consists of compound optical microscopy imaging system, 3D precision displacement system, hardware circuit, and corresponding software. The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed method of measurement have been verified by the measurement results.
The Corrosion Mechanism of Zn-5%Al-0.3%Mg Coating
Authors: Gao Bo , Li Shi Wei , Hao Yi , Tu Gan Feng , Hu Liang , Yin Shao Hua
Published: February 2011

A new hot dip Zn-5%Al-0.3%Mg alloy coating was performed on cold rolled common steel. The hot-dip process was executed by self-made hot dip galvanising simulator (China patent, No.201010160353). The corrosion resistance of alloy-coated steels was detected by neutral salt spray test . SEM and EDS test results demonstrate that Mg is mainly distributed in the crystal boundary. XRD test results shows corrosion product of Zn-5%Al-0.3%Mg alloy coating is mainly Zn5(OH)8Cl2•H2O. The characteristic of Zn5 (OH)8Cl2•H2O is dense and insoluble, so it is protective. In order to study the anticorrosion mechanism, all the tests of the Zn-5%Al-0.3%Mg alloy were carried out with Zn-5%Al coating together.
The Study on Metallurgical Property of 380m3 Blast Furnace Slag of YIGANG
Authors: Yang Shuang Ping , Chi Yan Bin , Wang Miao , Duan Yu Xian , Ni Yang , Wang Zhi Yu
Published: February 2011

At the present of the material and fuel, in order to keep good fluidity and high desulfurization capacity of the slag of 380m3 blast furnace of YIGANG, the article described the influence of the contents of MgO,Al2O3 and basicity on the melting temperature and fluidity of the blast furnace slag based on the four main contents(CaO,SiO2,MgO,Al2O3) of the slag. The result shows that the Ca0/SiO2 in the slag should be controlled between 1.1- 1.2 and the temperature of slag be not lower than 1450 °C.
Research on Fault Diagnosis and Application for Rolling Element Bearing Based on Fuzzy Analysis
Authors: Yu Xiao Guang , Liu Jian
Published: February 2011

In order to simulate the fault of a single rolling bearing, this paper used the fault diagnosis lab desk to simulate some representative conditions of 30205 type of rolling element bearing, including regular condition, inner ring fault, outer ring fault and rolling body fault. It also adopted fuzzy theory to analyze signals and diagnose faults on the base of the MATLAB software desk. This paper also adopts the amplitude spectrum, the power spectrum, the envelope demodulated spectrum and the delayed correlation-envelop spectrum to diagnosis and analyze simulating signals. Comparatively, the fuzzy diagnosis theory is dependable．
High Stable Mechanism Design for Micro-Wire Transport System in WEDM
Authors: Wang Pi Wen , Yang Chun Hsien , Yan Mu Tian
Published: February 2011

A high stable wire transport system of wire-cut electrical discharge machine (WEDM) that can exercise the micro-wire machining is developed in this paper. In the wire transport system, two novel designs are proposed to improve wire tension variation during machining. 1. Active wire feeding unit: a device is used to isolate the inertia of the wire reel from the wire transport system. Hence the inertial loading of the wire can be reduced and the stability is also increased. 2. Multilayer sandwich vibration absorber: the axis of the reel is connected to a damped sandwich beam. When the perturbation occurs, the flexible motion of the beam can absorb the fluctuation of the wire. Then the wire tension can be more stable and better working precision is also achieved. Finally, two mechanisms were implemented on a micro wire-EDM machine to suppress the fluctuation of wire tension. Experimental results show that the variation of wire tension can be significantly reduced from 12.4 gf to 5.5 gf.
Research on the Temperature Field and Roast Mechanism of Blast Furnace Tap-Hole Clay
Authors: Yang Shi Ling , Zhang Jian Hua , Dong Ying , Cao Xue Jie
Published: February 2011

The temperature field of blast furnace tap hole clay was analyzed by using ABAQUS software. Samples taken from the tap-hole clay in depth of 1200mm, 2200mm, 2600mm and 2800mm after roasted for 100 minutes were studied by using XRD and SEM to investigate their roast mechanism and microstructure at different temperatures. The results show that the ore phase of the tap-hole clay in depth of 1200mm remained unchanged but only tar and asphalt appear the carbonation phenomena. There is a large number of SiC crystalline phase appears in depth of 2200mm. At the same time, porosity increases and coke structure is formed. The air permeability is enhanced. In the tap-hole clay of 2600mm～2800mm depth, elongated rod-likeβ-Si3N4 grains obviously increase while the SiC grains decrease. A large number of high-temperature flocculent mullite phase appears and the high-temperature strength of the tap-hole clay is strengthened.
Optimization of Process Parameters on Ti-6Al-4V Using Central Composite Design Method
Authors: Rahman M.M.
Published: February 2011

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is relatively modern machining process having distinct advantages over other machining processes and able to machine Ti-alloys effectively. This paper attempts to investigate the effects of process parameters on output response of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in EDM utilizing copper tungsten as an electrode and positive polarity of the electrode. Mathematical models for material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface roughness (SR) are developed in this paper. Design of experiments method and response surface methodology techniques are implemented. The validity test of the fit and adequacy of the proposed models has been carried out through analysis of variance. It can be seen that as the peak current increases the TWR decreases till certain ampere and then increases. The excellent surface finish is investigated in this study at short pulse on time and in contrast the long pulse duration causes the lowest EWR. Long pulse off time provides minimum EWR and the impact of pulse interval on EWR depends on peak current. The result leads to wear rate of electrode and economical industrial machining by optimizing the input parameters. It found that the peak current, servo voltage and pulse on time are significant in material removal rate and surface roughness. Peak current has the greater impact on surface roughness and material removal rate.
RDX Kinetic Model Evaluation by Nth Order Kinetic Algorithms and Model Simulations
Authors: Tsai Lung Chang , Wei Jian Ming , Chu Yung Chuan , Chen Wei Ting , Tsai Fang Chang , Shu Chi Min , Lin Chun Ping
Published: February 2011

A kinetic model based on the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazmane (RDX) was constructed via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), well-known kinetic equations, curve-fitting analysis, and simulations of thermal analysis. Our objective was to analyze thermokinetic parameters derived from heating rates used in DSC and compare simulations of thermal decomposition under various kinetic models. Experimental results were strongly dependent on the validity of the kinetic model, which was based on an appropriate mathematical model and a proper method for the evaluation of kinetics. Through six types of kinetic algorithms, a reasonable value of the Ea of the thermal decomposition of RDX was obtained. Finally, this study established a novel green technology for the thermal analysis of reactions and obtained information on the characteristics of thermal decomposition and reaction hazards of RDX.
Finite Element Simulation of Residual Stress in Heavy Rail
Authors: Tian Zhong Liang , Zhu Hu , Chen Lin , Wu Zhang Zhong , Duan Yong Qiang , Wang Bing Yi
Published: February 2011

The test here is to simulate the process of flat and vertical roll from Baogang heavy rail using the finite element, which analyzes the steel, the high strings, the initial stress and straightening process effect on residual stress. It is concluded that the discipline among the steel, the high strings, the initial stress, straightening process and residual stress.
Study on Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Maps of Cu-0.35Cr-0.15Zr Alloy
Authors: Dai Jiao Yan , Mu Si Guo , Wang Yong Ru
Published: February 2011

The hot deformation behavior of Cu-0.35Cr-0.15Zr (wt.%) alloy was investigated by hot compression tests using a Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator system. The tests were performed under the conditions of 700°С- 820°С temperature and 0.01-10s-1strain rate. The results show that the flow behavior of the studied alloy could be described by the hyperbolic sine constitutive equation, and an active energy of 597.53 kJ/mol was calculated. The processing maps were obtained and analyzed according to the dynamic materials model. The optimum processing parameters of hot deformation of this alloy in the range of this experiment can be attained by the maps. The hot deformation temperature was 800-820°C and the strain rate was 0.01-0.1s-1.The instability zones of flow behavior can also be recognized by the maps.
Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Pressure-Reducing Valve
Authors: Ding Jian Chun , Sun Fa Guo
Published: February 2011

The paper is to develop a new approach to analyze the reliability of pressure-reducing valve basing on commercial software Ansys. After introducing the work principle of the pressure-reducing valve containing membrane, the mechanical model of the membrane acted by pressure caused by turbulence is established, base on which the simulated model built in Ansys is made. For the stress response of the membrane is dealt as linear response, so the loads acting on the membrane which consist of two parts, one is constant pressure, and another is harmonic load, are taken as superposition of two parts, and the stress response can be taken as superposition of two kinds of cases in Ansys, that are static analysis and harmonic analysis. Then by mote simulation the statistical character of the stress response can be obtained, such as mean and variance. Using three- parameter S-N equation and constant life fatigue life curve, the equation of the equivalent mean fatigue life is established, basing on the equation and linear cumulative damage theory, the fatigue reliability during certain period can be gotten. At last an example is given to verify above approach.
Study of Contact Temperature in Polishing Surfaces
Authors: Horng Jeng Haur , Chen Yang Yuan , Wu Horng Wen , Wei Chin Chung , Chern Shin Yuh
Published: February 2011

Based on a three-body micro-contact mechanism and contact temperature theory, a micro-contact temperature model was developed to investigate the effect of particle size, particle density, and rotational speed on temperature rise between particles and workpieces. The experiments with different particle sizes and rotational speeds verified the feasibility of the micro-contact temperature analysis. The results indicate that contact temperature between particles and workpieces linear increases as particle size and rotational speed increase. The particle density has a negligible effect on maximum contact temperature between particles and workpieces.
A Novel Ultrasonic Motor Driver Based on Two Phase PWM Signals
Authors: Zhang Tie Min , Xie Zhi Yang , Zhang Jian Tao
Published: February 2011

An ultrasonic motor (USM) has been widely used in many applications since it has several advantages over the conventional electromagnetic motor, such as high torque at low speeds, no electromagnetic interference, and high holding torque without power supply. However, in order to achieve high efficiency, its electrical drive system presents unique challenges, especially in producing two-phase signal (high frequency, high voltage, phase difference of two-phase signal) input to a low impedance capacitive motor. In this paper, a novel drive system based on microcontroller (ATmega16) has been proposed for ultrasonic motor. Drive system includes power drive circuit and control system. Power drive circuit is combined from Push-Pull Inverter to provide high-frequency two-phase voltages. A microcontroller was used to control ultrasonic motor drive system. PWM signals were generated and then directly applied to the MOSFET drivers for speed control of ultrasonic motor. The frequency and phase difference of two phase PWM signals can be directly changed by microcontroller. Detailed experimental results are provided to demonstrate the successful of the proposed drive system.
3D FEM Modeling of Ball End Milling of HSM H13 Die Steel with Cutter Inclination
Authors: Wang Liang De , Zhao Jun , Jiang Yu Gang
Published: February 2011

This paper outlines the development of a 3D finite element model (FEM) for the H13 milling, Deform 3D software was used for ball end milling simulation. A milling force experiment was carried out under the same cutting conditions with the simulation. The results showed that the simulated cutting force agreed well with the experimental data. The proposed method of 3D FEM can be used to correctly simulate the HSM milling process, so as to optimize cutting parameters．
The Deformation Analysis for Flank Milling of Thin-Walled Rectangle Plate Based on Flexible Force Model
Authors: Xiao Liang Hong , Tang Liang , Hu Zi Hua , Kuang Zheng , Yuan Ju Long
Published: February 2011

By considering the effects of flank milling deformation on machining quality of thin-walled rectangle plate, the flexible force model of spiral end milling is built on the condition that the influence of part/tool on milling is considered with FE (finite element) numerical simulation method in this paper. Based on the flexible force model, the distribution curve of machining deformation is got by the FE prediction for the flank milling of the thin-walled rectangle plate, and the compensation strategy of CL (cutting location) is established. Some contrast tests between the flexible force model, the deflection simulation and error compensation values to the rigid force model and experimental values of flank milling are performed, respectively. The results indicate that both the flexible force model founded in the paper and the analyzed values of flank milling deflection of thin-walled rectangle plate are reliable, and an effective judgment is provided to advance the machining quality of thin-walled parts.
An Hybrid Expert Fault Diagnosis System for CNC System
Authors: Chen You Dong , Ye Jin Jun , Min Hua Song , Han Mei Hua
Published: February 2011

The CNC system is a complex mechatronics system, which make it difficult to diagnose fault. Expert system for fault diagnosis that utilizes domain knowledge and the profiles of experts to fix the problem of the complex system has become an important issue. A hybrid expert fault system combining the rule-base reasoning (RBR) with case-based reasoning (CBR) for CNC system is proposed. The combination can trouble-shoot rapidly, improve the CNC system reliability and maintainability. The hybrid system is implemented by using QT and SQLITE database. The experiment result of the system shows that the system diagnosis efficiently and accurately.
The Parametric Design of the External Transmission of Involute Beveloid Gear with Parallel Axes
Authors: Shen Shao Hua , Shi Xiang Dong
Published: February 2011

Involute beveloid gear is one of the involute spur gears .It can be work with parallel axes, intersecting Axes, crossed Axes. Lateral clearance of the gear transmission backlash can be controlled by adjusting the relative axial position of involute beveloid gear transmission pair between two gears. It make a very small backlash or zero backlash .It can be used in backlash-free precision transmission .Its manufacturing is easy and its load capacity and transmission is high. In different cross-section with a different modification coefficient is its geometrical characteristics. The most important par of design involute beveloid gear is to choose a reasonable modification coefficient. In this paper, the beveloid involute gear's design process is introduced to choose its modification coefficient in satisfying various conditions, such as the gear teeth not to undercut, the addendum not to sharpen, guarantees coincidence degree. And uses the VB language to establish a design platform of the external transmission of involute beveloid gear with parallel axes .It is suit for project application. First，chooses modification coefficient by not to undercut, not to sharpen, guarantees coincidence degree.Next, compute the related geometry size. Third, according to the computed result, draws up the tooth profile curve in SolidWorks. Thus produces the gear's tooth profile or the socket gallery precisely, make gear's 3D modeling. It provides the basis for gear's optimization design and advanced manufacture. A new gear is rapidly established by change gear parameter in the designs platform. It can greatly raises r the efficiency and the precision of design involute beveloid gear, which provided the precise model for its dynamic simulation, the NC processing, the interference examination as well as the finite element analysis. Introduce the use method of design platform through a practical example confirms its usability.
Head Surface Reconstruction and Correction of Reverse Engineering Based on CATIA's
Authors: Yao San Gang , Li Hang , Si Dong Hong , Xue Yu Jun , Li Ji Shun
Published: February 2011

In this paper the implementation procedure of Human Head curve reconstitution has been investigated and the curve reconstitution model has been built based on reverse engineering and pre-processing theory of data-points. The data acquisition of head curve was implemented by means of the laser scan system. The data-points were disposed, and the head curve was reconstructed, and the error and smoothness were analyzed by means of high-end CAD / CAE / CAM software CATIA V5. Those laid the foundation for late further research surface reconstruction.
Research on Complex Product Design Method Based on Knowledge Model-Driven
Authors: An Wei Jin , Song Xin , Yang Wen Ming
Published: February 2011

With the more profound requirements for knowledge resource application in the complex production collaborative design, a complex production design method based on knowledge model driven was put forward with the development trend of intelligent design theory. The knowledge mining oriented the key phases of complex production design process, knowledge modeling with its reuse are the core of the method. The system framework of the design method was structured. This method supports the whole process of product design, it truly realized sharing, reuse and seamless integration among product model, task model and process model through the ontology model as a knowledge carrier. Finally, the thrust bearing-a key component of hydropower generating units, for example verify the correctness of the design methodology and feasibility.
The Control and Dynamical Analysis on Magnetic Bearing Flexible Rotor System Combining the Whirling with Swing
Authors: Yuan Hui Qun , Li Ying , Li Dong , Wu Wen Bo
Published: February 2011

Considering gyroscopic effect and flexibility of the shaft, the eight freedoms dynamic model is established. The dynamic characteristic and control quantity in different bearing rigidity and rotation axis are studied and discussed by optimal control theory. Furthermore, the controlling and the responding are discussed. The simulation results show that the bearing rigidity has great effect on the control quantity so that the elasticity of bearing must be considered. The asymmetry rigidity of rotational axis has little influence on stability. The conclusion may bring up theoretical references for precision control for rotor magnetic bearing system.
Application of Virtual Design and Manufacturing Techniques in Large Mine Elevator
Authors: Jia Xian Zhao , Han Hong Biao , Liu Yong Gang , Pan Wei Min
Published: February 2011

The virtual design platform for large mine elevators was established by using the informationization unit technology of manufacturing industry in this paper. On the basis of the virtual design and manufacture platform, 3D digital design, computer-aided analysis and computer-aided process planning under the support of network system were carried out. The informationization standard system for the design and manufacturing of the mine elevator equipments was established. The information classification code of the whole procedure of product design and manufacturing was normalized and unified. A type of multirope friction mine elevator, numbered as JKM-4.5×6, has been developed and put into practice. By means of the virtual design and manufacturing technology, the product design quality could be enhanced. Meanwhile, the manufacturing procedures of prototypes were simplified and cancelled, so that reducing the cycle and cost of the product development. This study results may be helpful for the development of large-sized equipments.
Piston Stroke Design Optimization for Linear Compressor
Authors: Zou Hui Ming , Zhang Li Qin , Peng Guo Hong , Tian Chang Qing
Published: February 2011

This paper presents a method of piston stroke design optimization for linear compressor to get high efficiency.Two linear compressor prototypes were designed and developed with the same discharge volumes and different piston strokes to compare the performance. The prototypes were operated without air load to measure the friction damping coefficient firstly. Then the prototypes were operated with air load of 0.7MPa discharge pressure. The experimental result shows that the input power of the prototype with longer stroke is lower than that of the prototype with shorter stroke although the discharge volume, the friction damping coefficient and the frequency ratio of these two prototyps are almost the same. The iron and coil loss of the prototype with longer stroke is lower than that with shorter stroke, while the mechanical loss of the prototype with longer stroke is larger than that with shorter stroke. According to the results of the performance analysis, a design optimization model for piston stroke is developed to make the energy loss be the least. Through this design optimization model, acquire the optimal piston stoke of the linear compressor on the same conditions with the experiment. The optimization results agree well with the experimental results.
Study on the Vertical Extrusion Process of Ultra-Thick Seamless Steel Pipe
Authors: Bian Yi , Zhong Zhi Ping , Ma Xiao Hui , Zhai Yue Wen
Published: February 2011

Using the method of physical simulation, the vertical extrusion process of thick-walled seamless steel pipe is studied. According to the study and analysis focusing on the die structure and lubrication condition, optimized die parameter which is used for hot extrusion of ferrous metal and a reasonable die - billet composite lubrication program are achieved. Necessary reference and basis are provided to master not only the extrusion process of large diameter thick-walled long pipe, but also the quality control technology.
Study on High-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics of Pure Vanadium
Authors: Ye Lin Sen , Xian Xiao Bin , Yang Yong
Published: February 2011

The pure vanadium specimen of 99.65% relative density was prepared by hot isostatic pressing. The initial oxidation characteristics and constructions of pure vanadium at different temperatures were analyzed by thermogravimetric test apparatus (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the oxidation process and oxygen uptake of pure vanadium follow parabolic kinetics. The activation energy for the oxidation process is 118KJ/mol. With the rising of temperature, the predominant oxide phases are VO0.03, VO2 and V2O5 in turn. Under 500°C , the specimens’ surface morphology is densely distributed. While at 600°C , the fine fish-scale-shaped morphology is evenly distributed.
Numerical Analysis and Experimental Study on Dipper Handle of W1002 Excavator
Authors: Wang Feng Hui , Jiao An Yuan , Shao Hong Zhi , Gao Xing Qi
Published: February 2011

W1002 excavator has been widely used in iron and steel corporations in northern China. As the main component of excavator, the dipper handle is the most important to design and manufacture. Because of the worse working conditions and large force, the dipper handle is still easily damaged and many fracture accidents have led to great economic losses of enterprises. The requirements of designing, if only based on the simple contracture strength calculations, are not enough. So it is necessary to study influence of the impact to service performance. In this paper the finite element method is used to analyze dipper handle and find out the weakness in the structure and factors impacting the service life of dipper handle. The improved dipper handle was used in the device and inspected by test instruments. The stresses are measured in same conditions in stall process and the results were also in consistence with the theoretical analysis. Improved model is fund out after using the 3D model to recalculate the stress. Since the improved dipper handle was used in practice to now, fracture accidents have not happened again.
High Air Pressure in MQL Deep Hole Drilling Workpiece Temperature
Authors: Tai Bruce L. , Stephenson David , White Steven , Shih Albert
Published: February 2011

This study investigates the effect of air pressure on workpiece temperature in through tool minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) deep-hole drilling. Experiments on 200 mm deep holes drilled by a 10 mm carbide drill were conducted under regular (500 kPa) and high (1000 kPa) air pressure conditions. Torque data shows that the chip clogging problem occurring under regular air pressure can be solved by the high air pressure. An inverse heat transfer method is utilized to quantify the heat fluxes and calculate the temperature distribution during drilling based on embedded thermocouples along the depth. Results show that temperature around the hole increases rapidly when the chips start accumulating in the hole under regular air pressure and cause high heat flux on the drilled hole wall surface. The high pressure condition, prevents chip accumulation, thus reducing the total heat flux.
Modelling Knot Architecture in Radiata Pine Logs and Boards
Authors: Liu Hua Wu , Xu Ping , Zhao Dang Feng
Published: February 2011

A mathematical model was derived to describe knots in radiata pine logs and the boards quarter-sawn from these logs, based on the geometrical configuration and the growth features of the knots. Scenario simulations for the shape and the location of knots are presented, and the significance of studying knot architecture is discussed in the paper.