bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production Sustainability via Supermarket Location Optimization in Assembly Lines
Authors: Fathi Masood , Nourmohammadi Amir , Ghobakhloo Morteza , Yousefi Milad
Published: June 2020

Manufacturers worldwide are nowadays in pursuit of sustainability. In the Industry 4.0 era, it is a common practice to implement decentralized logistics areas, known as supermarkets, to achieve production sustainability via Just-in-Time material delivery at assembly lines. In this environment, manufacturers are commonly struggling with the Supermarket Location Problem (SLP), striving to efficiently decide on the number and location of supermarkets to minimize the logistics cost. To address this prevalent issue, this paper proposed a Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm for minimizing the supermarket cost, via optimally locating supermarkets in assembly lines. The efficiency of the SA algorithm was tested by solving a set of test problems. In doing so, a holistic performance index, namely the total cost of supermarkets, was developed that included both shipment cost and the installation cost across the assembly line. The effect of workload balancing on the supermarket cost was also investigated in this study. For this purpose, the SLP was solved both before and after balancing the workload. The results of the comparison revealed that workload balancing could significantly reduce the total supermarket cost and contribute to the overall production and economic sustainability. It was also observed that the optimization of material shipment cost across the assembly line is the most influencing factor in reducing the total supermarket cost.
Human Capital and Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Kim Dohyung , Go Sun
Published: June 2020

Human capital has been shown as an important determinant of environmental performance at the firm and province levels. We try to identify the impact of human capital on environmental performance at the country level. To address potential endogeneity and measurement errors regarding human capital, we use the primary school enrollment rate a century ago as an instrument for today’s human capital stock. The instrumental variable estimation, based on a sample of 72 countries, shows that human capital has a statistically significant effect on the Environmental Performance Index, a composite measure of national environmental performance, primarily through improving biodiversity, habitat, and sustainable agriculture, all of which are the indicators related to environmental sustainability. These findings from cross-country analysis are broadly consistent with those of firm-level or province-level studies, emphasizing the role of human capital in enhancing the awareness of and compliance with environmental regulations, thus leading to an improvement in environmental performance.
Predicting Residual Adsorbable Organic Halides Concentrations in Industrial Wastewater Using Typical Wastewater Parameters
Authors: Milh Hannah , Van Eyck Kwinten , Bastiaens Bert , De Laet Steven , Leysen Dirk , Cabooter Deirdre , Dewil Raf
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to predict the residual adsorbable organic halides (AOX) concentration in an industrial wastewater using conventional, easy-to-measure wastewater parameters. In a pilot test unit, the wastewater was subjected to ozonation at various intensities, resulting in an AOX-removal and hence varying AOX concentrations. In first instance, the parameters used for modeling were selected using Pearson and Spearman correlations. Secondly, multiple linear regression (MLR) was used as a modeling tool to predict both the soluble and total AOX concentration in wastewater samples. To prevent overfitting, a 10-fold cross-validation was carried out. It was found that both the soluble and the total AOX concentration can be predicted using typical wastewater parameters. The measured parameters were pH, chloride concentration, Water-Soluble Organic Carbon concentration (WSOC), UV-VIS spectrum, turbidity, and Solids Removable by Filtration (SRF). Out of these parameters, the following parameters were found to be significant for prediction of the total AOX concentration: turbidity; SRF; UV-VIS absorbance at 200; 227, and 250 nm; and pH. UV-VIS absorbance at 200 and 227 nm and turbidity of the wastewater were found to contribute significantly to the final model. For the soluble AOX concentration, the significant parameters were turbidity; SRF; absorbance at 200, 227, and 250 nm; pH, and chloride concentration. Here, UV-VIS absorbance at 200 and 227 nm were found to contribute significantly to the final model. The obtained final models had an adjusted R2 of 0.921 and 0.916 for the total and soluble AOX, respectively. As a result of the obtained models, both AOX concentrations can be predicted using parameters that are easier to determine. This allows for a significant reduction in wastewater sampling and analysis time and offers the opportunity to optimize the ozone dosing in the wastewater treatment process in the future.
Agenda Setting in Water and IWRM: Discourse Analysis of Water Policy Debate in Pakistan
Authors: Arfan Muhammad , Ansari Kamran , Ullah Asmat , Hassan Daniyal , Siyal Altaf , Jia Shaofeng
Published: June 2020

This article explores the water policy narrative in Pakistan, and identifies its historical trajectories and influences, as well as the impact of the global agenda setting of water for 2030. For this purpose, water sector reforms in Pakistan are examined as a case study. The National Water Policy (NWP) 2018 and Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) reforms are critically evaluated and loopholes identified, in terms of both theoretical aspects and constraints in their practical implementation. The overall analysis reveals that the engineering narrative is dominant in policy circles and large-scale infrastructure construction is seen as an exceptional measure to overcome the current loss of storage potential due to sedimentation. On the other hand, the adoption of the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) framework reflects the desire of state institutions to imbue water policy reform with international credibility. The IWRM framework has been adopted as isomorphic mimicry to appease international financing institutions and donors. PIM reform is thus far from delivering the desired results due to ideological battles among new (i.e., the Participatory Farmers Institution) and traditional bureaucratic irrigation institutions. As adopted, the global agenda setting of water, in the shape of IWRM, is a repackaging of existing activities, and prevents alternative thinking in the setting of water priorities according to developmental needs.
Water Chemistry of Arctic Lakes under Airborne Contamination of Watersheds
Authors: Moiseenko Tatyana I. , Gashkina Natalia A. , Dinu Marina I. , Kremleva Tatiana A. , Khoroshavin Vitaliy Yu.
Published: June 2020

The data on the metal contents and acidification of small lakes caused by airborne contamination of the watershed in three industrial regions of the Arctic—European Russia (Kola region), Western (Yamal-Nenets region) and Eastern Siberia (Norilsk region)—have been presented for the first time. It has been proven that acidification and enrichment by metals of water connect with sulfur dioxide and metals emissions from copper–nickel smelters, contaminating the catchments, with associated gas burning during raw hydrocarbon production. To assess the effects of acid deposition, critical loads and their exceeds were calculated: exceeded by 56% and 12.5%, respectively, in lakes in the Kola region and in the north of Western Siberia; the catchments of the East Siberian region are resistant to acidification. Water enrichment factors (EF) by elements were calculated to show that the waters of the Norilsk and Kola regions are enriched with Ni, Cd, As, Sb and Se as a result of emissions from copper–nickel smelters. The oil and gas industry in the northern regions of Western Siberia lead to the increase in V, Pb and Mo concentrations in the waters. The high values of EF and excess of acidity critical loads for water are explained by the local and transboundary pollution impacts on the catchment of small lakes.
Assessment of pain and pain relief in children at a dental appointment
Authors: Anisimova E. N. , Anisimova N. Yu. , Kovylina O. S. , Kravchenko I. A.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Subjective assessment of pain in children is traditionally implemented using visual analogue scales. The need for comfortable dental treatment in children is obvious, therefore, in order to obtain the most reliable data, it is necessary to develop pain rating scales and the effectiveness of pain management in accordance with the age of the child.

Purpose. Development of visual analogue scales designed to assess the effectiveness of pain relief when performing outpatient dental interventions in children, depending on the age of the child.

Materials and methods. A visual analogue scale was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief in children at an outpatient dental appointment, in accordance with the age of the child. 100 patients aged 4 to 12 years were examined.

Results. The reaction and behaviour of the child during dental treatment using local anesthesia were the basis of the designed pain rating scales. In the age group of 4-7 years, the visual analogue scale was filled in by the doctor, the child and the parent, and in the second group of patients aged 7 to 12 years, the scale was filled in by the child and the doctor, since in this age category children could independently correlate themselves with the picture on the scale.

Conclusions. The designed scales of subjective assessment of the effectiveness of local anesthesia in children allow to determine the quality of the studied methods and means of local anesthesia in pediatric dental practice.
Osteoplastic material from demineralized of allocate in the treatment of primary and acute pulpitis in children
Authors: Kirillova I. A. , Zhelezny P. A. , Zheleznaya A. P. , Chebakova T. I. , Sharkeev Yu. P.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Initial and acute forms of pulpitis are fairly common diseases and require urgent treatment. Existing methods of endodontic treatment do not have sufficient efficiency and the introduction of new methods and drugs is required to improve the effectiveness of the treatment.

Purpose. Improving the effectiveness of treatment of initial and acute pulpitis of permanent teeth in children using allogeneic demineralized plastic material (CPM).

Materials and methods. The surface structure of a demineralized bone graft (DCT) and an allogeneic composite plastic material (CPM) were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM Philips SEM 515) with an EDAX microanalysis prefix . In the clinic, CPM was used in 10 patients aged 9 to 15 years in the treatment of pulpitis of permanent teeth with unformed roots.

Results. The morphological structure of alloplastic material is fine-pored , with pore sizes of 10-20 microns, uneven, with protrusions and depressions, sometimes with a pore size of up to 250 microns. Clinical laboratory and radiological methods of research in children in the long term up to 3 years have confirmed the effectiveness of CPM in the biological method of treatment of pulpitis in children. In 9 patients, a positive result was obtained with the preservation of pulp viability and the formation of dental roots.

Conclusions. Allogeneic bone-plastic material, which has osteoplastic and antimicrobial properties in the treatment of pulpitis in children, allows to preserve the viability of the pulp and the possibility of full-fledged formation of tooth roots.
Development of paediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region (in memory of Litovkina L. S.)
Authors: Maslak E. E. , Fomenko I. V.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. The role of pediatric dentistry in younger generation health improvement is undeniable; therefore, developing pediatric dental service is an important health care issue.

Purpose. To present the contribution of Lubov Sergeevna Litovkina to paediatric dental service development in connection with her death on December, 23, 2019.

Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of professional activity and scientific works of L.S. Litovkina the achievements that have contributed to the development of pediatric dentistry service in Volgograd Region were identified.

Results. Public, clinical and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina were highlighted. Special attention was paid to such areas of her work as the organization of epidemiological dental examinations of children’s population, the implementation of milk fluoridation program for prevention of dental caries in preschool children, school dentistry improvement and applying the dental educational program for the elementary schoolchildren.

Conclusions. The organizational and scientific activities of L.S. Litovkina contributed to the development of the paediatric dental service and oral health improvement of children’s population.
Modern trends in the choice of tactic and method for the treatment of growing patients with distal occlusion (literature review)
Authors: Ayupova F. S. , Khotko R. A.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. According to the latest data the distal occlusion of the dentition is considered first in the structure of dental anomalies on the sagittal plane reaching 40-45% of the total number of deformations of the dental system.

Purpose. Study of information about management and methods of treatment and intended indications for their use in patients with distal occlusion in different periods of bite formation.

Materials and methods. We studied the publications of recent years by both Russian and foreign authors which were devoted to the choice of management and methods of treatment of growing patients with distal occlusion.

Results. The variability in the manifestations of distal occlusion indicates the urgency of improving the management and methods of orthodontic treatment in patients with this pathology. In this case the determining factors are the severity of the pathology and the age of the patient. It is considered that the potential growth of the dento-maxillofacial area of the patient should be determined according to its individual characteristics. They are based on the stage of formation of the cervical vertebrae. It is noted that treatment during the second dentition has significant effects which are associated with the possibility of modifying the growth of the dental complex. This allows you to achieve a stable result in the long term.

Conclusions. Different opinions of specialists determine the relevance of further study of methods of orthodontic treatment and analysis of the efficiency of their application, the necessity to improve the tactics of comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with distal occlusion during the formation of the bite taking into account the direction of the type of growth of the facial skeleton in growing patients.
Anatomical features of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle as a plastic material in reconstructive surgery of facial paralysis
Authors: Askerov E. D. , Topolnitsky O. Z. , Zayratyants O. V.
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Facial paralysis is a common neurological illnesses of the maxillofacial region. Gold standard of dynamic correction of permanent facial paralysis is gracilis muscle transfer. However, using this flap is impractical or impossible in some cases. There are few domestic and international publications about extensor digitorum brevis muscle for facial reanimation surgery.

Purpose. Assessment of muscle variability on the dorsum of the foot; analysis of blood supply and innervation of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle.

Materials and methods. Operations performed on 10 unclaimed corpses: dissection of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle, as well as the blood vessels and nerves of the dorsum of the foot. The legal and ethical requirements for such studies were observed planning the design of the study and during work.

Results. As a result, in 80% of cases, was found a typical anatomy of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves in the dorsum of the foot. In 10% was found a typical anatomy of muscles and nerves, but there was no lateral tarsal artery – the branch of the dorsal artery of the foot. Blood supply to the extensor digitorum brevis muscle performed by perforating branches of the peroneal artery. In 10% was found subtotal atrophy and fibrous degeneration of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle.

Conclusions. The use of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle is a perspective method for the treatment of facial paralysis. Harvesting of this flap is complicated.
PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF RED STEPPE CROSSBRED HEIFERS
Authors: ЧАВТАРАЕВ Р.М. , ХОЖОКОВ А.А. , АЛИЛОВ М.М. , ШАРИПОВ Ш.М.
Published: June 2020

Приведены результаты исследований роста и развития чистопородного красного степного и помесного (красная степная × англерская) молодняка и воспроизводительной способности телок. Помесные телки при рождении превосходили чистопородных на 2,9 кг, или на 11,2%. Различия в показателях живой массы сохранились и в последующие периоды роста. В 18-месячном возрасте они составили 15,5 кг, или 5,1%. Живая масса бычков была выше у помесей на 10,9%, а в 18 месяцев — на 8,4%. Помесные телки имели преимущество по высоте в холке на 0,2 и высоте в крестце на 2,2 см, а по ширине, глубине и обхвату груди на 2,2; 2,2 и 4,0 см, соответственно, в 18-месячном возрасте. Продолжительность стельности чистопородных нетелей была в среднем на 2,8 дня больше, чем у помесных нетелей. Крупноплодность помесных бычков и телок, соответственно, выше на 0,03 и 0,18%, чем чистопородных. Прилитие крови англерского быка красным степным коровам способствует увеличению живой массы помесных бычков и телок, промеров экстерьера и улучшению воспроизводительных качеств телок.

The results of research on the growth and development of purebred red steppe and crossbred (red steppe × angler) young animals and the reproductive capacity of heifers are presented. Crossbred heifers at birth outnumbered purebred ones by 2.9 kg, or 11.2%. Differences in live weight indicators persisted in subsequent growth periods. At the age of 18 months they were 15.5 kg, or 5.1%. The live weight of bulls was higher in crossbreeds by 10.9%, and in 18 months — by 8.4%. Crossbred heifers had an advantage in height at the withers by 0.2 and height at the rump by 2.2 cm, and in width, depth and chest circumference by 2.2; 2.2 and 4.0 cm, respectively, at 18 months of age. The duration of pregnancy of purebred heifers was on average 2.8 days longer than that of cross-bred heifers. Large-fecundity of cross-bred bulls and heifers, respectively, is higher by 0.03 and 0.18% than purebred ones. The infusion of angler bull blood to red steppe cows increases the live weight of cross-bred bulls and heifers, measures the exterior and improves the reproductive qualities of heifers.
THE IMPACT OF THE FORM OF PROTECTED FATS ON THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE INDEXES OF MILK
Authors: ПОГРЕБНЯК В.А. , ТРУБЧАНИНОВА Н.С. , ДУЮН А.А.
Published: June 2020

Проведены сравнительные испытания применения гидрогенизированного защищенного жира, произведенного в России (опытная группа) и импортного фракционированного защищенного жира (контрольная группа). Установлено улучшение жирнокислотного состава молока в группе получавшей гидрогенизированный жир в части приближения его состава к параметрам ГОСТ Р 52253–2004 на фоне ранее использовавшегося фракционированного жира  при отсутствии ухудшения по количественным показателям молочной продуктивности и использования корма. Отмечено снижение содержания в молоке пальмитиновой кислоты в опытной группе на 1,5% относительно пограничного верхнего значения по ГОСТу, тогда как в контрольной группе содержание пальмитиновой кислоты было выше верхней границы ГОСТа (33%). По количеству стеариновой кислоты в молоке показатели после применения в опытной группе находились на уровне ГОСТа. Переваримость защищенного жира в этой группе составляла 67—70% против 69—71% в контрольной группе, что обусловлено более высоким содержанием стеариновой кислоты в гидрогенизированном защищенном жире в сравнении с импортным фракционированным (31,2% против 5,3%). Переваримость стеариновой кислоты составляла 56—65%, тогда как у пальмитиновой кислоты была на уровне 72—74%. Применение гидрогенизированных защищенных жиров может быть рекомендовано для предприятий, к молочной продукции которых предъявляются требования со стороны переработчиков по жирнокислотному составу молока.

Comparative tests of the use of hydrogenated protected fat produced in Russia (experimental group) and imported fractionated protected fat (control group) were conducted. An improvement in the fatty-acid composition of milk in the group having received hydrogenated fat was found in terms of approximation of its composition to the parameters of GOST R 52253-2004 against the background of previously used fractionated fat in the absence of deterioration in quantitative indexes of milk productivity and feed use. It has been observed a decrease in the content of palmitic-acid in milk in the experimental group by 1.55% relative to the upper limit of GOST, while in the control group the content of palmitic-acid was higher than the upper limit of GOST (33%). According to the amount of stearic-acid in milk, after application in the experimental group the indexes were satisfactory the level of GOST. The digestibility of protected fat in this group was 67—70% in comparison with 69-71% in the control group, due to the higher content of stearic-acid in hydrogenated protected fat compared to imported fractionated fat (31.2% vs. 5.3%). The digestibility of stearic-acid was 56—65%, while palmitic-acid was at the level of 72—74%. The use of hydrogenated protected fats can be recommended for enterprises that have requirements of the fatty-acid composition of milk for dairy products from processing companies.
Comparing international postgraduate training and healthcare context with the UK to streamline overseas GP recruitment: four case studies
Authors: Fletcher Emily , Campbell John , Pitchforth Emma , Freeman Adrian , Poltawski Leon , Lambert Jeffrey , Hawthorne Kamila
Published: June 2020

Background

There are ambitious overseas recruitment targets to alleviate current GP shortages in the UK. GP training in European Economic Area (EEA) countries is recognised by the General Medical Council (GMC) as equivalent UK training; non-EEA GPs must obtain a Certificate of Eligibility for General Practice Registration (CEGPR), demonstrating equivalence to UK-trained GPs. The CEGPR may be a barrier to recruiting GPs from non-EEA countries. It is important to facilitate the most streamlined route into UK general practice while maintaining registration standards and patient safety.

Aim

To apply a previously published mapping methodology to four non-EEA countries: South Africa, US, Canada, and New Zealand.

Design & setting

Desk-based research was undertaken. This was supplemented with stakeholder interviews.

Method

The method consisted of: (1) a rapid review of 13 non-EEA countries using a structured mapping framework, and publicly available website content and country-based informant interviews; (2) mapping of five ‘domains’ of comparison between four overseas countries and the UK (healthcare context, training pathway, curriculum, assessment, and continuing professional development (CPD) and revalidation). Mapping of the domains involved desk-based research. A red, amber, or green (RAG) rating was applied to indicate the degree of alignment with the UK.

Results

All four countries were rated ‘green’. Areas of differences that should be considered by regulatory authorities when designing streamlined CEGPR processes for these countries include: healthcare context (South Africa and US), CPD and revalidation (US, Canada, and South Africa), and assessments (New Zealand).

Conclusion

Mapping these four non-EEA countries to the UK provides evidence of utility of the systematic method for comparing GP training between countries, and may support the UK’s ambitions to recruit more GPs to alleviate UK GP workforce pressures.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on lung cancer screening in the UK: a qualitative study
Authors: Margariti Charikleia , Kordowicz Maria , Selman Gillian , Nair Arjun , Akande Yvonne , Saleem Azhar , Rua Tiago
Published: June 2020

Background

Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been shown to decrease mortality. Low lung cancer survival rates in the UK, driven primarily by late-stage presentation, provide the impetus for implementing screening. Nascent guidance on screening in the UK recommends primary care case-finding. However, the potential impact and acceptability on primary care, and the opportunistic utilisation of other case-finding routes, such as pharmacies, smoking cessation services, and respiratory clinics, have not been fully explored.

Aim

To explore healthcare professionals’ views and perspectives about lung cancer screening and their preparedness and willingness to be involved in its implementation.

Design & setting

A qualitative study was carried out with semi-structured interviews conducted with GPs, pharmacists, staff from smoking cessation services within Southwark and Lambeth in London, and staff from respiratory clinics in Guys’ and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in London between April 2018 and December 2018.

Method

Sixteen participants were interviewed and the interview transcripts were analysed thematically.

Results

Participants described lung cancer screening as an important diagnostic tool for capturing lung cancer at an earlier stage and in increasing survivorship. However, the majority expressed a lack of awareness and understanding, uncertainty and concerns about the validity of screening, and the potential impact on their patients and workload.

Conclusion

Study participants had mixed opinions about lung cancer screening and expressed their concerns about its implementation. Addressing these concerns by providing resources and effective and detailed guidelines for their use may lead to greater engagement and willingness to be involved in lung cancer screening.
Percepção ambiental dos frequentadores do Parque Ambiental Adhemar Monteiro, Paragominas (PA)
Authors: Junior Antonio Pereira , Sá Raissa Jennifer da Silva , Silva Letícia Picanço da , Moura Ana Julia da Silva , Assunção Sabrina Pereira de , Pereira Lucimar Costa
Published: June 2020

A percepção ambiental dos usuários quanto a importância da existência e manutenção dos parques ambientais municipais ainda é insuficiente. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificação do perfil dos frequentadores do Parque Ambiental Municipal Adhemar Monteiro, em Paragominas (PA). O método utilizado foi o quantitativo com investigação básica. A obtenção de dados primários ocorreu com a aplicação de 338 formulários semiestruturados com sete questões objetivas e três subjetivas, durante 30 dias do mês de janeiro de 2019. Quanto aos secundários, eles foram obtidos em bases armazenadoras de informações científicas como a Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Google Scholar, WebScience e periódicos especializados. A análise dos dados obtidos indicou que os usuários do parque são adultos (144 = 42,6%), a maioria é residente em Paragominas a quase 20 anos (112 = 33,1%) com isso, evidenciaram o surgimento e a evolução dessa Unidade de Conservação; atualmente, a manutenção do mesmo é considerada boa (165 = 48,8%). Por isso, utilizam esse espaço verde para lazer (208 = 61,5%). Todavia, foram efetuadas sugestões de melhorias como incrementar a diversidade de animais (133 = 39,3%), e segurança (9 = 2,7%). Logo, a percepção ambiental sobre a importância do parque à comunidade está atrelada a melhorias que podem ser efetuadas nesse local.
Análise da Educação Ambiental em uma escola estadual no município de Araripina (PE)
Authors: Torres Francisca Aline de Oliveira , Souza Danilo Diego de
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os conceitos e fundamentos da Educação Ambiental (EA) de professores e alunos de uma escola estadual de Araripina-PE. Nesse estudo, constatou-se que os docentes entrevistados demonstraram ser sensíveis a causa ambiental e orientar os alunos em relação aos cuidados com o ambiente escolar é um passo inicial para formar um cidadão consciente. Para a maioria dos alunos entrevistados, o meio ambiente é o seu meio de sobrevivência, pois sem a natureza não tem vida, enquanto para melhorar e\ou conservar o meio em que vivem, a maioria entende que, é necessário reduzir a poluição. A EA deve estar presente nas escolas, pois é uma ferramenta transformadora que contribuiu para formar cidadãos críticos.
La traductologie russe de la Révolution d’Octobre à la Russie post-soviétique
Authors: Garbovskiy Nikolay
Published: June 2020

La traductologie russe du XXe siècle a été étudiée à l’étranger, notamment dans l’univers francophone. Elle commence par un stade empirique et le premier texte théorique verra le jour en 1919 sous la plume de Tchoukovsky et Goumiliov. Il faudra attendre les travaux de Fedorov, de Kachkin et de Komissarov pour qu’elle acquière une dimension proprement traductologique. Elle a été marquée par une volonté programmatique décidée dans un premier temps par Gorki qui souhaitait une théorie de la traduction littéraire, afin d’éduquer les masses populaires. Plus tard, la traductologie russe se développera exclusivement dans le contexte universitaire et sous le contrôle de l’État. Après la Seconde guerre mondiale, la théorie russe de la traduction s’élargira à une conception généraliste où la linguistique occupera une place prépondérante. Ce sont les soucis de traduisibilité et d’équivalence qui dominent alors les débats. Parallèlement, se développera dans les années 1940 l’école soviétique d’interprétation, incarnée par des figures de proue comme Goffman, Minjar-Belorutchev ou Tchernov. On peut donc affirmer l’existence d’une véritable traductologie soviétique qui coïncide avec la majeure partie du XXe siècle.
O que se aprende e se ensina no processo de mútua formação de professores de Salas de Leitura?
Authors: Ometto Cláudia Beatriz de Castro Nascimento , Cunha Renata Cristina Oliveira Barrichelo
Published: June 2020

O artigo analisa o processo de formação de um grupo de professores de Salas de Leitura da rede estadual paulista no contexto de um projeto de pesquisa que articula a universidade pública e uma Diretoria Regional de Ensino. A pergunta orientadora da pesquisa é: como os professores se apropriam das experiências de formação e (re)organizam suas concepções e práticas nas Salas de Leitura? Parte-se do pressuposto de que o desenvolvimento profissional docente ocorre por meio da socialização das teorias práticas dos professores e da problematização de seu próprio conhecimento e o dos outros. O material analisado é composto por seis entrevistas com professoras e os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que pela interação e interlocução nas atividades de formação de e para leitura os professores aproximaram-se de outros olhares não só para as práticas pedagógicas vividas, mas também para os modos de se relacionarem com os colegas no cotidiano escolar, a favor da leitura.
Hanefî Usûl Düşüncesinin Gelişimi: Eser İnceleme
Authors: AKAN Yasin
Published: June 2020

İlmî disiplinlerin her alanında olduğu gibi fıkıh usûlü alanında da birçok ekolün ortaya çıkması ve ortaya çıkan bu ekollerin süreç içerisinde gelişerek belli noktalarda değişikliğe uğraması doğal karşılanmıştır. Ekollerin kronolojik gelişimini tarih ve tabakât türü kaynaklardan takip etmek mümkün olsa da ekollere ait düşüncenin muhtevasına dair gelişim, değişim ve dönüşüm seyrini bu kaynaklardan takip etmek oldukça zordur. Zira muhtevâ ile ilgili ortaya konulacak sonuçlar için çoğu kez tarih ve tabakât türü eserlerin yanı sıra ilgili ekole ait eserleri, hatta ulaşılabildiği kadarıyla sahada ortaya konulan bütün birikimi değerlendirmek gerekecektir. Modern dönem usul çalışmalarıyla adından söz ettiren Haitham Khazneh’nin, yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerini gözden geçirerek tek kitap halinde Tatavvuru’l-Fikri’l-Usûlîyyi’l-Hanefî adıyla yayıma hazırladığı ve Hanefi usûl düşüncesinin ortaya çıkışını ve gelişimini ele alma iddiasını taşıyan bu çalışmasını incelemeye çalışacağız.
Kinematics of assisted and unassisted plyometric training of vertical jumping and rebounding in youth male football players – A six-week training study
Authors: L. Bakker Christopher , F. Watson Matthew , A. Moody Jeremy
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematics of assisted and unassisted plyometric training of vertical jumping and rebounding activities following a six-week training intervention. 13 youth males from a professional football academy completed six weeks of either unassisted (n = 6) or band-assisted (n = 7) plyometric training sessions twice a week during their competitive season. Pre- and post-assessments of counter-movement jump (CMJ) height, 50 cm drop-jump (DJ50) ground contact time (GCT), jump height and reactive strength index (RSI), and submaximal-hopping (SMH) GCT, jump height and RSI were compared. Pre- and post-assessment ankle angle at touch-down (TD), peak flexion (PF) and mid-flight (MF) were also analysed for the submaximal-hop test only. Following training, significant main effects of time were observed for CMJ height, DJ50 GCT and MF ankle angle (p < 0.05) and a significant effect of group was observed for DJ50 RSI (p < 0.05). These results suggest that both unassisted and assisted plyometric training may be useful for enhancing the kinematics and technical performance of plyometric activities in a youth male football population.
Combustion Characteristics of High density Briquette produced from Sawdust Admixture and Performance in Briquette Stove
Authors: R. S Bello , M. A. Onilude
Published: June 2020

Combustion characteristics of high-density briquettes produced from sawdust admixture at three moisture contents of 12%, 10%, and 8% using screw press extruder was investigated in this work. The briquettes were burnt in free air and developed briquette stove and the combustion characteristics data collected and analyzed. The burn characteristics investigated include ignition time, total burning time, mass reduction, normalized burn rate, the effects of density on briquette characteristics, and stove performance. The results indicated that briquettes’ self-ignition time in open air and stove was slow, however, burns with a steady flame. High density of the briquette was responsible for slow flame propagation resulting in a longer time to burn out while lower density briquettes reach the burning phase faster than higher-density briquettes. The normalized burn rate increases with an increase in briquette density. The stove performance characteristics most depend on the quality of fuel material. There is an inverse relationship between specific fuel combustion and thermal efficiency of the stove. The specific fuel consumption increases with decrease in moisture content. From these results, the higher the briquettes particle moisture, the higher the specific fuel
combustion and the lower the stove thermal efficiency and vice versa.
Estructuras mentales en la construcción de aprendizaje significativo
Authors: Vallejo Valdivieso Patricio Alfredo , Zambrano Pincay Graciela Hernestina , Vallejo Pilligua Patricio Yosue , Bravo Cedeño Gelen Melissa
Published: June 2020

Se trabajó con una investigación tipo correlacional transeccional en procura de determinar la relación de las estructuras mentales en la construcción de aprendizaje significativo a partir de la aplicación de estrategias basadas desde el enfoque de la  neurodidáctica en estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería de la universidad Técnica de Manabí, sede Portoviejo – Ecuador. La correlación de ,038 se encuentra en el rango positiva baja, lo que implica que las estrategias para la estimulación de las estructuras mentales se relacionan con el aprendizaje significativo, siendo pertinente profundizar en el tiempo la aplicación de las mismas. Las estructuras mentales al ser estimuladas adecuadamente desde la identificación en el estudiante del hemisferio cerebral dominante, se hace posible la conjugación de acciones cognitivas – conductual en favor de promover el aprendizaje significativo en virtud de posicionar un estudiante en capacidad de analizar el contexto global desde su localidad.
Liderazgo sistémico en las competencias gerenciales docentes universitarias
Authors: Aldana Julio , Salón Mariannys , Guzmán Nelson
Published: June 2020

El liderazgo sistémico como eje integrador de las competencias gerenciales en la Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda (UNEFM), representa una alternativa epistémica emergente para coadyuvar teóricamente en la comprensión de un fenómeno que tiende a ser utilizado con mayor frecuencia en las organizaciones, por cuanto permite trabajar sistemática y sinérgicamente entre los miembros de la misma, hasta convertirse en un equipo de trabajo que transita hacia lo “inteligente”, es decir, aprenden constantemente desde sus propias fortalezas y potencialidades para generar praxis gerenciales con base en un liderazgo integrador en procura de obtener la mayor efectividad posible en el cumplimiento de las metas propuestas. De allí que el propósito principal sea “generar reflexiones sobre los hallazgos del liderazgo sistémico del docente como eje integrador de las competencias gerenciales en la Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda”. Ante lo cual se trabaja con un diseño cualitativo de investigación, sustentando en el paradigma interpretativo y método hermenéutico. Desde las vivencias, experiencias, de los informantes claves, se develarán los significados otorgados al liderazgo sistémico como un ente motivador y generador de conocimientos para aprender haciendo y consolidar la organización hacia una visión integradora de la realidad en procura de una gerencia que fomente las potencialidades de las personas hacia el logro de las metas comunes de la organización, bajo premisas de eficacia, calidad. Es de destacar que esta es una investigación en construcción, ante lo cual, no existen aportes finales, sino, la visión teleológica de los investigadores.
Implementación de un sistema de recolección y cloración para la potabilización automatizada
Authors: Orozco-Ramos Jhonny Marcelo , Cayán-Martínez Juan Carlos , García-Cabezas Eduardo Francisco , Pilataxi-Contreras Gabriel
Published: June 2020

La investigación se planteó como objetivo general diseñar e implementar un sistema de recolección y cloración para la potabilización automatizada en Mollepamba, Ambato–Tungurahua. Se trabajó mediante  el método de clorado. El sistema de clorado debe ajustarse a las necesidades requeridas por parte de los habitantes por lo cual se plantearon tres sistemas considerando para el caserío los aspectos más representativos para la selección como costo, modo de funcionamiento, número de habitantes, según los sistemas existentes en el mercado. Al ser un sistema desarrollado para el consumo humano se realizó pruebas de funcionabilidad de todos los elementos, sometiéndolo a pruebas de campo antes de su instalación final, para asegurar su correcto funcionamiento se montó los elementos en placas de baquelita fenólica. Una vez cubiertas las pruebas de campo se procedió a su instalación final.
La auditoría gubernamental y la emisión de informes: Una aproximación descriptiva para el Ecuador
Authors: Aguirre-Quezada Juan Carlos , Coronel-Pangol Katherine Tatiana , Jiménez-Yumbla Jonnathan Andrés
Published: June 2020

La investigación tuvo por objetivo general: Analizar la auditoría gubernamental desde la  emisión de informes emitidos por la Contraloría General del Estado del Ecuador en el período 2014 – 2018. Se basó en una investigación documental - descriptiva con diseño bibliográfico, empleándose la técnica de análisis de contenido sobre los documentos poblacionales. Ante los resultados en términos relativos se determina que los indicios de responsabilidades penales (IRP) se encuentran presentes en el periodo de análisis;  a pesar de la volatilidad de los informes generados los IRP no se muestran correlacionados. Por tal motivo un incremento en los informes generados en un año, no necesariamente debería corresponderse con un incremento en los IRP; de tal forma que, los resultados, a pesar que encuentran un desplome en el año 2018, muestran coherencia con el entorno social, económico, político e institucional del Ecuador.
Aprendizaje basado en proyectos y destreza oral en inglés de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Mantilla-Cabrera Luis Francisco , Larrea-Vejar Maritza Lucia , Tapia-Salinas Jaime Alberto
Published: June 2020

La investigación tuvo por objetivo general determinar la eficacia de una propuesta de intervención fundamentada en el método de Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) para desarrollar la habilidad del habla inglesa en estudiantes de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH). Metodológicamente, se sustenta en un nivel causal, tipo explicativo, con un diseño cuasi experimental de pre y post prueba para grupo control – experimental. La población estuvo formada por 54 estudiantes cursantes del III período básico de la ESPOCH, sede Riobamba – Ecuador. Entre los resultados se evidencia que la significancia bilateral en el grupo experimental al momento de la post prueba, marca 0,001, distanciándose estadísticamente del grupo control, lo cual permite indicar que el tratamiento aplicado tuvo efectos positivos en los estudiantes, mejorando así sus competencias de habla inglesa. Como conclusión, los estudiantes del grupo experimental también despertaron sus intereses y motivaciones hacia el uso oral del idioma inglés, lo cual permitió reafirmar la efectividad del ABP.
La suspensión condicional de la pena en delitos contra la Administración aduanera
Authors: Barrazueta-Carrión Pablo Roberto , Payares-Hurtado José Luis
Published: June 2020

La investigación tuvo por objetivo describir la importancia de la suspensión condicional del procedimiento en los delitos aduaneros y su relación con los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención penal en el Ecuador. Se elaboró desde el tipo descriptiva con diseño de campo no experimental, aplicándose una encuesta, el formulario de encuesta fue aplicado a una población de treinta profesionales del Derecho especializados en Ciencias Penales, todos ellos relacionados con el Distrito Judicial de Loja. El Derecho Aduanero tiene como esencia propia un conjunto de normas jurídicas que regulan el origen, recaudación y finalidades del tributo en las zonas fronterizas. Existe la necesidad de proponer cambios en el régimen penal aduanero para garantizar los derechos de las partes, al acogerse el procesado a la suspensión condicional del procedimiento, previo a garantizar un debido proceso.
The Diagnoses and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Children and Adolescents Treated in a University Hospital Psychiatry Inpatient Service
Authors: AYAYDIN Hamza
Published: June 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to perform a retrospective file examination of the sociodemographic characteristics, symptoms leading to admission, length of stay in the inpatient unit, diagnoses, and psychotropic drugs used by children and adolescents who were treated in the psychiatric inpatient unit.Materials and Methods: The records of patients aged under 18 (n=85) receiving treatment on an inpatient basis at the Harran University Medical Faculty Psychiatry Department inpatient unit between 1 August, 2016, and 1 September, 2018, were screened retrospectively. Case data were assessed using a data form produced by the author in terms of age, sex, parental ages, symptoms resulting in admission, diagnoses received, length of hospitalization, presence of multiple hospitalizations, and psychotropic drug use. Case diagnoses were based on clinical interviews using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria. SPSS 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.Results: Fifty-six of the patients included in the study were female and 29 were male. Major depressive disorder was the most frequent diagnosis among the patients (n: 30, 35.3%). The mean duration of hospitalization was 20.6±19.6 days. Eighty-five (100%) of the 85 patients had used one psychotropic agent during treatment. Antipsychotics were the most preferred drug group in our study (87.6%).Conclusions: Mood disorders constituted the most common reason for hospitalization. Psychotropics were used by all patients during hospitalization. Schizophreniform disorder and substance-related disorders were significantly higher in boys, while rates of conduct disorder and borderline personality disorder were significantly higher in girls. Since child and adolescent in-patient units are not available in all provinces, in clinical practice treatment is administered on an inpatient basis in adult psychiatric units. It is important for patients to be followed-up by child and adolescent psychiatry specialists in terms of being treated under emergency conditions without having to wait in line for treatment by being hospitalized in adult psychiatric units in places where there are no in-patient ünits for children and adolescents.
Çocuklarda Henoch-Schönlein Purpurası: 2 Yıllık Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: AKBALIK KARA Mehtap , DEMİRCİOĞLU KILIÇ Beltinge , BUYUKCELİK M , BALAT Ayşe
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Henoch-Schönlein purpurası (HSP) tanısı ile izlenen hastaların demografik, klinik ve laboratuvar özelliklerini değerlendirmek ve böbrek tutulumu riski açısından karşılaştırmak
Materyal ve metod: Ocak 2015-Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz çocuk nefroloji-romatoloji polikliniğinde HSP tanısı konup en az 1 yıl süre ile izlenen hastaların dosyaları gözden geçirildi. Demografik veriler, öykü, tanı yaşı, fizik muayene, laboratuvar tetkikleri, organ tutulumları, böbrek biyopsileri, tüm tedavi rejimleri ve izlemleri değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda 2 yıllık süre içinde 57’si erkek (% 48.3) 61’i kız (% 51.7) toplam 118 hasta vardı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 7.9 ± 2.81, kız: erkek oranı 1: 0.93 idi. 10 yaş altında 98 hasta (% 83.1) varken, 10 yaş üzeri hasta sayısı 20 (% 16.9) idi. Hastalarda yaş, cinsiyet, hastalık tekrarı, eklem tutulumu yeri ve süresi, döküntünün yeri ve süresi, gastrointestinal tutulum, testis tutulumu, laboratuar parametreleri ile böbrek tutulumu karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı.
Sonuç: İki yıllık süre içinde HSP tanısı ile izlediğimiz hastaları geriye dönük olarak değerlendirdiğimizde böbrek tutulumu açısından risk faktörlerine baktığımızda anlamlı bir faktör tespit edemedik. Aslında bu durum bize tüm HSP hastalarının dikkatli bir biçimde renal tutulum açısından takip edilmesi gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and compare the risk of renal involvement
Materials and Methods: The files of the patients who were diagnosed as HSP in the pediatric nephrology-rheumatology clinic of our hospital between January 2015 and January 2017 and followed for at least 1 year were reviewed. Demographic data, history, age at diagnosis, physical examination, laboratory tests, organ involvement, renal biopsies, all treatment regimens and follow-up were evaluated.
Results: There were 118 patients 57 male (48.3%), 61 female (51.7%) in a 2-year period. The mean age of the patients was 7.9 ± 2.81 and the female: male ratio was 1: 0.93. While there were 98 patients (83.1%) under 10 years of age, the number of patients over 10 years of age was 20 (16.9%). There was no significant relationship between age, sex, recurrence of disease, location and duration of joint involvement, location and duration of rash, gastrointestinal involvement, testicular involvement, laboratory parameters and renal involvement.
Conclusion: When we retrospectively evaluated the patients whom were followed up with the diagnosis of HSP over a two-year period, we did not find any significant factor in the risk factors for renal involvement. In fact, this suggests that all HSP patients should be carefully monitored for renal involvement.