bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criteria for Rational Use of Antibiotics in Over Aggregated Bacterial Infection in Covid-19
Authors: Humberto Vásquez Cubas
Published: November 2021

The use of antibacterials, in almost all COVID cases that require hospitalization, has been widespread throughout the planet despite being a viral infection verified by molecular biology and tomographic images characteristic of bilateral atypical pneumonia. The WHO recommended using empirical antibiotic therapy "against all the most frequent pathogens" in cases of COVID pneumonia that require hospitalization. This abuse will have dire consequences on the bacterial flora due to selection pressure, mainly of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii and other multi-resistant bacteria. Some criteria or guidelines are proposed to decide or not the administration of antibacterials to cases of COVID with respiratory failure and need for hospitalization.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINS TEKNOLOGI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SIKAP ILMIAH DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA PADA SISWA KELAS V SDN GUGUS BANYUNING
Authors: Handayani Ni Nyoman Lisna , Muliastrini Ni Ketut Erna
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat (STM) terhadap sikap ilmiah dan prestasi belajar IPA pada Siswa Kelas V SDN Gugus Banyuning. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan The Posttest-Only Control-Group Desain. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas V gugus Banyuning dengan jumlah populasi 198 siswa. Sebanyak 33 siswa dipilih sebagai sampel yang ditentukan dengan teknik random sampling. Data sikap ilmiah dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan prestasi belajar IPA menggunakan tes pilihan ganda. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA (Multivariat Analysis of Variance) berbantuan SPSS 17.00 for windows. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, sikap ilmiah antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat  secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 114,22 dan p < 0,05). Kedua, prestasi belajar IPA antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 7,786 dan p < 0,05). Ketiga, secara simultan sikap ilmiah dan prestasi belajar antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran sains teknologi masyarakat secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional (F sebesar 61,175 dan p < 0,05).  Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi informasi bagi lembaga pendidikan untuk mengambil kebijakan yang tepat, yang berkaitan dengan upaya menumbungkembangkan sikap ilmiah dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Effect of Seed Size on Germination and Seedling Fitness in Four Tropical Rainforest Tree Species
Authors: Deb Panna , Sundriyal Rakesh
Published: November 2021

Dipterocarpus macrocarpus, Canarium strictum, Beilschmiedia assamica and Ostodes paniculata are important tree species of tropical humid forests of northeast that have significant value for timber and various other uses. Little is known about their germination behaviour particularly in relation to the effect of intra-specific variation in seed-size. The present study describes seed weight, days to germination, seedling viability and seedling growth as affected by seed weight variation for the above-mentioned species. Significant variation was recorded in seed weight for all the studied species (p<0.001). Seed weight was strongly correlated with days to germination (P<0.001). High germination was recorded with increase in seed size for O. paniculata (P<0.01) and D. macrocarpus (p<0.01), though it decreased slightly in heavier seeds for C. strictum and B. assamica (p<0.05). Lighter seeds showed earlier germination, however heavier seeds had higher germination percentage. Effect of seed mass on growth performance of seedlings for all investigated species showed a strong positive correlation. The seed weight significantly affected seedling-growth until 180 days after germination and thereafter the differences were not significant.The study highlights that seed weight plays an important role in rapid germination and early seedling establishment in forest stand.
Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Lejeuneaceae: Marchantiophyta) – A Newly Recorded Species from Northeast India
Authors: Kumar Shashi , Singh Sushil , Bondya Sutanu
Published: November 2021

Drepanolejeunea ternatensis (Gottsche) Steph., earlier reported from Tamil Nadu only in Indian bryophyte, is reported here for the first time from Meghalaya in Northeast India. The taxonomic description and illustration of the species is provided.
Typhonium inopinatum Prain (Araceae) : An Addition to the Flora of South India
Authors: Rasingam Ladan , Swamy Jetti
Published: November 2021

Typhonium inopinatum Prain (Araceae) is reported here as an addition to the Flora of South India, collected from Rangareddy district of Telangana state. A detailed description and colour photographs are provided to facilitate identification.
FRAGMENTASI PARTAI-PARTAI ISLAM PASCA ORDE BARU
Authors: Mas'ad Ali
Published: November 2021

Spektrum politik Indonesia diwarnai oleh pergulatan elit  politik yang terpilah dalam banyak kelompok, Kelompok islam dan yang memakai simbol-simbol islam merupakan salah-satu kelompok yang ikut andil dalam pertarungan politik, ketika orde baru masih eksis, partai yang ada hanya terdapat tiga partai yaitu Golkar, PDI dan PPP. Dari ketiga partai tersebut yang berafiliasi dan bernafaskan islam hanya PPP. Namun begitu bola reformasi menggelinding maka PPP melahirkan partai-partai islam lainnya, semisal PKB, PBB, PKS dan lainnya,

Khusus kasus politik islam pasca orde baru Kaum formalis memang meluncurkan partai-partai islam formal. Bahkan PPP yang semula berasaskan pancasila berganti berasaskan Islam, dan gambar ka’bah menggantikan gambar bintang segi lima, tetapi dari sejumlah partai yang menjamur di pasca orde baru, hanya ada satu partai yang menjadi dambaan dan tetap melekat di hati kaum santri yaitu Partai Persatuan Pembangunan.
PREDIKSI PEMINATAN PROGRAM STUDI PADA PENERIMAAN MAHASISWA BARU STMIK ROYAL MENGGUNAKAN NAÏVE BAYES
Authors: Handoko Wiwin , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: November 2021

STMIK Royal memiliki 2 Program Studi yaitu Sistem Informasi dan Sistem Komputer. Hampir tiap tahun pada saat penerimaan mahasiswa baru, terjadi penurunan minat calon mahasiswa yang memilih Program Studi Sistem Komputer sedangkan untuk Program Studi Sistem Informasi menunjukkan tren yang terus meningkat. Khusus untuk Program Studi Sistem Komputer, penurunan ini tentunya akan berdampak bagi perkembangan dan kualitas Program Studi tersebut kedepannya. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan prediksi peminatan Program Studi pada penerimaan mahasiswa baru. Apabila prediksi yang muncul adalah Program Studi Sistem Komputer, maka calon mahasiswa tersebut akan diberikan reward khusus sehingga diharapkan minat untuk calon mahasiswa yang lain akan semakin meningkat. Naïve Bayes merupakan salah satu Algoritma klasifikasi dalam data mining yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi hal tersebut. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, sistem dapat memberikan prediksi dengan tingkat akurasi 65%.
Persepsi Mahasiswa tentang Implementasi Blended Learning di Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu
Authors: Saputra Rio , Yuniarti Rina , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: November 2021

Implementasi Blended learning baru diterapkan satu tahun terakhir di Universitas Muhamamdiyah Bengkulu. Pemanfaatan model pembelajaran ini perlu dievaluasi pelaksanaannya untuk melakukan peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran secara berkelanjutan. Persepsi Mahasiswa sebagai pengguna blended learning menjadi penting untuk melakukan perbaikan sistem dan pemanfaatan blended learning. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi mahasiswa tentang implementasi blended learning di Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif survey. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu sebanyak 1.204 dari berbagai program studi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu (1). Mahasiswa lebih suka menggunakan model pembelajaran daring menggunakan kelas kito dibandingkan model pembelajaran yang lain, seperti zoom, google meet, whatapss call (2). Mahasiswa dapat belajar di lingkungan yang nyaman, sesuai dengan kecepatan mereka sendiri dan dapat belajar berulang kali, (4) terdapat 856mahasiswa berpendapat bahwa kelas kito lebih baik daripada metode lain,(5) sebagian kecil 348mahasiswa berpendapat bahwa mereka merasa bosan dan sulit untuk belajar melalui kelas kito.
ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI, AKSIOLOGI DALAM PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Rahmadani Elfira , Armanto Dian , Syafitri Ely , Umami Reza
Published: November 2021

Abstract: Character education is useful for building the character of each individual so that they can become individuals who can have benefits for the individual and the surrounding environment. This study examines and describes how to conceptualize the theoretical basis of character education and how to implement the theoretical basis of character education. This study examines and describes how to conceptualize the foundation of character education theory and how to implement the foundation of character education theory. The foundation of character education theory includes the foundation of ontology, epistemology foundation and axiology foundation. In this case the researcher can explain how the conceptualization and implementation of the foundation of ontology, epistemology and axiology of character education  Keyword: Ontology Platform, Epistemology, Axiology and Character Education
AKSIOLOGI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS (Kajian Tentang Manfaat dari Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis)
Authors: Syafitri Ely , Armanto Dian , Rahmadani Elfira
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This study discusses the axiology of critical thinking, how the benefits of critical thinking skills in education and using the literature study method are carried out only based on written works, including research results, both published and unpublished. The purpose of this article is to provide additional knowledge for teachers and other researchers that critical thinking skills have many benefits for education so that later in the education unit they are able to realize their abilities to produce competent students according to educational goals. The results of the literature study on critical thinking skills seen in axiological studies related to ethical and aesthetic values show that by utilizing critical thinking skills students are able to build quality thinking so as to produce good learning. Developing thinking skills is very important because it will have an impact on students' daily lives.  Keywords: Critical Thinking Ability, Axiology Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang Aksiologi berpikir kritis, bagaimana manfaat dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pendidikan dan menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan yang dilakukan hanya berdasarkan atas karya tertulis, termasuk hasil penelitian baik yang telah maupun yang belum dipublikasikan. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk memberi penambahan pengetahuan bagi guru maupun peneliti lain bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis memiliki banyak kebermanfaatan untuk pendidikan agar  nantinya  ketika  di  satuan  pendidikan  mampu  merealisasikan kemampuan yang dimilikinya untuk menghasilkan peserta didik yang berkompeten sesuai tujuan pendidikan. Hasil dari studi kepustakaan kemampuan berpikir kritis dilihat dalam kajian aksiologi yang berkaitan dengan nilai etika dan estetika menunjukkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan  kemampuan  berfikir  kritis siswa mampu  membangun kualitas berfikir sehingga menghasilkan pembelajaran dengan baik. Mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir sangat penting  dikarenakan  akan  berdampak  kepada  kehidupan sehari-hari siswa.  Kata kunci: Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis, Aksiologi
PERANCANGAN SISTEM DAN DESAIN UNDANGAN DIGITAL MENGGUNAKAN METODE WATERFALL BERBASIS WEBSITE (STUDI KASUS: ASCO JAYA)
Authors: Fachri Barany , Surbakti Risky Wahyu
Published: November 2021

PT. Asco jaya adalah salah satu perusahaan perorangan yang bergerak dalam menyediakan jasa desain dan cetak undangan kertas, buku dan cetak kertas lainnya yang berada di jalan Mesjid Medan. Dalam persaingan dimasa industri 4.0 dalam dunia percetakan PT. Asco Jaya mengembangkan undangan kertas menjadi undangan digital website yang mana konsumen melakukan pemesanan sesuai desain undangan yang dipilih konsumen dari website. Untuk menjawab pengembangan PT. Asco jaya maka penulis membangun sistem pemesanan dan desain undangan digital menggunakan metode waterfall. Metode waterfall merupakan metode yang dianggap pantas dan tepat dalam mengembangkan sistem pemesanan dan desain undangan digital PT. Asco jaya dikarenakan metode waterfall merupakan metode yang mempermudah dalam melakukan kontrol dan menjadwal proses pengerjaan pengembangan sistem. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah membangun sistem pemesanan dan desain undangan digital menggunakan metode waterfall.
The Telemetry Control System on Omni wheel Enemy Infiltrator Robot Based on Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Syabana Badrus Umam , Yulisusianto Gatut , Setiawan Riyant Budi
Published: November 2021

The development of sophisticated technology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, namely the collaboration between automation technology and the internet, causing changes in the combat and reconnaissance model to be remotely. The internet of things based omni wheel robot is divided into three module units, the main module, the data processing module, and the drive module. This concept uses a telemetry control system that is integrated with computers and the internet for data processing. The omni wheel robot is used in urban terrain for autonomous mobile surveillance operations and webcam monitoring via a web server. The omni wheel robot is designed to use four omni wheel controls and a trajectory as the main autonomous drive for the robot, the raspberry pi 3 is a microcontroller for processing programs on the robot and the webcam is used to take pictures of the terrain the robot passes through. All controls on the omni wheel robot use a telemetry system by using Wi-Fi internet network access remotely to minimize losses for TNI soldiers’ personnel in carrying out reconnaissance tasks.
Algorithmic bias and Māori
Authors: Stratton Sara , Angeli-Gordon Joni
Published: November 2021

on algorithmic bias and Māori with Joni Angeli-Gordon (Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Whātua, Te Roroa).
Estructura fiscal y protección social: Economía política de los privilegios en Paraguay
Authors: Ortiz Luis
Published: November 2021

El efecto de incertidumbre generado por la emergencia sanitaria debido a la pandemia, con sus restricciones impuestas por el confinamiento, llevó a los sectores sociales desfavorecidos a caer en situaciones de extrema vulnerabilidad. La incapacidad del poder público de atender las necesidades que surgieron en este escenario, puso al desnudo la estructura de los privilegios en Paraguay, resultante de la concentración económica y la captura del Estado por los sectores sociales dominantes. La fragilidad de los servicios públicos, en especial los previsionales, para responder las demandas de protección social se explica especialmente por su bajo financiamiento con recursos genuinos del tesoro público, dado un sistema impositivo regresivo cuyo diseño es impuesto por los sectores dominantes reflejando la estructura social. La posibilidad de modificar los rasgos de esta última, es presionando por cambios en la estructura fiscal, constituyendo el principal desafío de las acciones colectivas.
Maltrato infantil: opiniones del personal de salud de un hospital universitario
Authors: García Oscar , Torales Julio
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las opiniones que tiene el personal de salud de un hospital de tercer nivel sobre el maltrato infantil. El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo, temporalmente prospectivo, con muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Se encuestó a personal de salud que prestaba servicios en el Hospital de Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, por medio de un cuestionario estandarizado. Se entrevistó a 77 profesionales. En lo que hace a los resultados acerca de las creencias sobre los hijos, las opciones “no mostrarle afecto” y “no atender sus necesidades básicas” fueron significativamente más graves para las mujeres. En cuanto a las creencias relacionadas con los padres, los comportamientos más observados en la vida cotidiana fueron “gritos” y “amenazas”. En cuanto a la gravedad y frecuencia de la conducta, se observó que el mayor acuerdo estuvo en que “los padres que usan drogas tienen más probabilidades de maltratar a sus hijos”. Para hacer frente a la problemática del maltrato infantil, desde el ámbito de la salud pública, es fundamental conocer si los profesionales tienen las herramientas y conocimientos suficientes para abordar esta situación, y establecer planes para mejorar dichos conocimientos. En Paraguay, el maltrato infantil no es infrecuente. La negligencia o abandono es el maltrato más frecuente, seguido por abuso sexual.
Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Medical Students in a Southern Nigerian University
Authors: Chikezie Uzoechi Eze , Okoro Tamaraemumoemi Emmanuella
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION: Medical students may be vulnerable to depression and other psychiatric morbidity. This study sought to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among medical students in Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

METHODS: Using a self-administered, author-developed questionnaire with adaptations from the Patient-rated version of Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-PR) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), data including socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use/abuse, cigarette smoking, features of depression and anxiety were collected from 243 medical students in this descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of 4months.

RESULTS: Of the 243 participants, 52.7% were male, mostly aged 18 to 24 years (67.1%). The incidence of depression, suicidal ideation, alcohol use, and psychoactive substance use as defined by the MINI questionnaire was 30.5%, 14.8%, 14.8%, and 9.9%, respectively. As defined by DASS 21, almost a third suffered different levels of anxiety (29.6%), and less than one-fifth reported different levels of stress (17.7%). Female gender and year of study showed a significant association with the diagnosis of depression (X2=15.75;p–0.008). Living arrangement (X2=11.43;p–0.022), perception of accommodation condition (X2=16.35;p–0.001), academic performance (X2=18.02;p–0.001), and experience of academic failure (X2=5.13;p–0.023) all had a significant relationship with depression among the study population.

CONCLUSION: Prevalence of depression among medical students is high; its diagnosis showed a significant association with female gender, year of study, and perception of social and academic factors. Several comorbid psychiatric conditions may coexist with depression among medical students; therefore, the approach to their mental health should be holistic with attention paid to associated factors and psychiatric comorbidities.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Concerning Travel Health among Hajj Pilgrims (1439 H- 2018 G) at Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International Airport in AL-Madina, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abd-Ellatif Eman Elsayed , Alhomidan Lamya , Al-Assaf Lujain , AlGhamdi Lamees , Alharbi Alwaleed , Albeladi Omar Audah , AlQusibri Asmaa , El Rahman Shady Abd , Almudarra Sami Saeed
Published: November 2021

AIM: The Hajj pilgrimage, the world's largest annual mass gathering, is held in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health (MoH) issues entry visa requirements and recommendations for Hajj pilgrims visiting the country. Vaccinations, health checks, and specific immunizations are all recommended either at or before entering KSA.

We assessed Hajj pilgrims’ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding preventive, curative, hygienic and health promoting measures.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We administered a questionnaire to a cross-section of Hajj pilgrims(2018 G)traveling through Prince Mohammad bin Abdulaziz International Airport in Al-Madina, KSA. Variables collected included demographics, Hajj health preparations, and knowledge and attitudes towards travel-related health behaviors.

RESULTS: Of 101 respondents, 20% were Saudi and 64%were male. Regarding travel profile, 75% were attending hajj for the first time. About half (52%) stayed in KSA for more than 2 weeks.  Knowledge regarding travel heath of respondents was high: 82% scored as excellent and 11% scored as good. Positive attitude toward travel medicine was reported by 60% of participants; 56% of them sought pre-travel advice.  Regarding health protection behaviors, 79%reported using protective measures against respiratory infections, 70%for insects, 95%for food and waterborne Diseases, 99%against heat-related conditions and 100%for injuries.

CONCLUSION: Despite the health criteria for obtaining Hajj visas and the documented health risks associated with attending Hajj, we discovered that less than half of participants received pre-travel advice. To ensure that Hajj pilgrims have a secure and healthy experience in the Kingdom, we recognized the need for continued education and promotion of health preventive measures. This research could be used to help countries establish Hajj health systems, which would be immensely helpful and would go a long way toward reducing Hajj mortality and morbidity, as well as associated burdens.
An Evaluation of Local Mentor Support in AE E-Teacher Educational Technology Integration Online Teacher Training Course
Authors: Yelbay Yilmaz Yasemin , Balbay Seher
Published: November 2021

This study addressed a different approach to online language teacher training programs. The researchers investigated the pros and cons of having local mentor support for an online course titled Using Technology in the English Language Classroom provided by the AE E-Teacher Program. The course was offered to preservice teachers from 24 different universities across Turkey. The study collected data through a pre- and post-online survey and individual semistructured interviews. The results revealed that while local mentoring as a supplement to the main course content contributed to teacher candidates’ emotional and professional attachment to their profession by helping them relate theory to contextualized educational settings, it can still be improved by the integration of more interactive tasks that would help the attendees refer to specific practical implementation of the educational technology tools introduced in the program.
Virtual Faculty Strategies for Supporting Motivation of Online Doctoral Students
Authors: Jameson Crissie M. , Torres Kelly , Mohammed Shereeza
Published: November 2021

Our study focused on online faculty members and their perceptions of the strategies and activities they use to promote progress for and motivation in their online graduate students, particularly at the dissertation/doctoral study phase of the program. Results show high-achieving faculty members vary their strategies according to each students’ needs. High-achieving faculty members reach out to students often, offer encouragement throughout the process, and establish realistic goals.
Mathematical modelling of professional risk at Ukrainian metallurgical industry enterprises
Authors: Kruzhilko O. , Volodchenkova N. , Maystrenko V. , Bolibrukh B. , Kalinchyk V. , Zakora A. , Feshchenko A. , Yeremenko S.
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To develop a more advanced methodology, the application of which will provide an informational and computational and analytical basis for planning and implementing effective preventive measures aimed at minimizing occupational risks with limited resources, as well as in the absence of organizational and technical capabilities to create absolutely safe working conditions
Design/methodology/approach: For the study, statistical data were used that obtained from enterprises of the metallurgical industry of Ukraine. Research methods: analysis and generalization of known scientific results, methods of statistical analysis, mathematical modelling, expert assessments and decision theory.
Findings: The results of experimental studies have confirmed the possibility of an objective assessment of various options for the OSH management strategy, which allows justifying the allocation of funds for OSH in the required amounts. It is shown that professional risk management strategies are characterized by different efficiency in the use of available financial resources, and the most effective strategy is one that allows you to minimize the level of risk (in comparison with other strategies) with the same amount of funding.
Research limitations/implications: The study focuses on enterprises of the metallurgical industry in Ukraine.
Practical implications: The application of the developed mathematical models demonstrates the effectiveness of financing certain preventive and protective measures, and stimulates the head to ensure industrial safety.
Originality/value: The developed mathematical models allow justifying the allocation of funds for OSH in the required amounts.
Home education in the face of the XXI century plague first „waves”
Authors: Budajczak Marek
Published: November 2021

The article presents, along with the necessary definitions and a sketchy, pre-pandemic history of home education, its quantitative and qualitative situation in the conditions of a pandemic in Poland and several other countries, against the background of a few selected dimensions of the functioning of state education systems and schools.
Education network pirates, corporate control and the inverted panopticon: about the unfulfilled pandemic promise
Authors: Szwabowski Oskar
Published: November 2021

There are two issues in the article. The first concerns the educational dimension of the pandemic in social spaces. The second issue is about the possibility that the pandemy opens up for academic education. I believe that the pandemic crisis could have provided a progressive lessons and an impetus for a pro-democratic change, both in society and in institutionalized education. However, this lesson has not been learnt, and the pandemic itself has been used to intensify authoritarian tendencies in the womb of the (post)neoliberal world.
Wastewater-based epidemiology: current uses and future opportunities as a public health surveillance tool
Authors: O’Keeffe Juliette
Published: November 2021

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) seeks to use biological or chemical indicators in sewage to provide information on the overall health of a community. This paper provides an overview of the range of applications of WBE over the past two decades, how it has been used to inform public health responses, and considerations for more integrated approaches to WBE based on a review of the literature. The review finds that WBE has been used extensively around the world for the estimation of consumption patterns of illicit drugs and other substances, but a range of novel applications also exist. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many communities used WBE for the first time as a complementary public health surveillance tool, monitoring trends in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in large cities, and for micro-surveillance on a more targeted level. WBE may continue to be a useful public health surveillance tool in the future; however, several limitations and challenges exist. Consideration of how information obtained through WBE can be used to inform public health responses is essential to understanding the potential costs and benefits compared with conventional public health surveillance techniques.
Audiodescrição como ferramenta do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem: inclusão de crianças com deficiência visual na Educação Infantil
Authors: Menezes Aguijane Lopes , Alves Cândida Beatriz
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho visa contribuir para o processo de inclusão de crianças com deficiência visual na Educação Infantil, a partir da perspectiva histórico-cultural. A audiodescrição (AD) é uma tecnologia assistiva, que foi criada para tornar cinema e teatro acessíveis às pessoas cegas. Com o passar das décadas, a sua utilização em espaços educativos tem se mostrado de fundamental importância no processo de inclusão escolar de pessoas com deficiência visual. O objetivo deste trabalho, é apresentar a AD como uma ferramenta do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA) que, ao promover a inclusão de crianças com deficiência visual na Educação Infantil, traz benefícios ao desenvolvimento de toda a turma. Metodologicamente, passamos inicialmente pelo levantamento de Políticas Públicas de Inclusão de alunos com deficiência, que dialogam com o DUA e buscam construir um ambiente propício para a aprendizagem do maior número possível de alunos. Em seguida, apresentam-se estudos sobre o processo de inclusão, especificamente da criança com deficiência visual, e demonstra-se como a AD pode ser decisiva para que o aluno que não enxerga tenha mais, e melhores, oportunidades de aprender. Diante dos estudos, conclui-se que o docente que adota estratégias bem delineadas, com foco na inclusão de crianças com deficiência visual na Educação Infantil, contribui para o aprendizado e desenvolvimento de todos.
Downregulation of mapk/mak/mrk overlapping kinase 1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sopić Miron , Ninić Ana , Ostanek Barbara , Bojanin Dragana , Milenković Tatjana , Munjas Jelena , Mihajlović Marija , Vekić Jelena , Marc Janja , Spasojević-Kalimanovska Vesna
Published: November 2021

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in children. T-cell autoreactivity toward b-cells is controlled by significant changes in metabolism of T cells. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important intracellular regulator of metabolism and cell growth. MAPK/MAK/MRK overlapping kinase 1 (MOK1) is one of the less known regulators of mTOR. We sought to investigate if MOK1 and mTOR mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of T1DM pediatric patients are different compared to healthy subjects. Methods: This study included 172 adolescents with T1DM and 36 healthy adolescent volunteers designated for control group (CG). MOK1 and mTOR mRNA levels were determined in PBMCs by qPCR. Results: T1DM patients have significant downregulation of MOK1 mRNA levels in PBMCs compared CG (P=0.018), while there was no significant difference in mTOR mRNA levels (P=0.891). Furthermore, in T1DM patients, MOK1 significantly correlated with age, triglycerides and mTOR, while mTOR correlated significantly with BMI and systolic blood pressure. Overweight T1DM subjects had significantly lower MOK1 (P=0.034) and mTOR (P=0.017) mRNA levels, together with significantly higher levels of systolic blood pressure (P<0.001), total cholesterol (P=0.001), LDL-cholesterol (P=0.001) and CRP (P<0.001). Multi - variate analysis showed that MOK1 was independently negatively associated with T1DM when adjusted for sex, age, HDL-C and CRP (OR=0.417 (95%CI: 0.175-0.997), p=0.049). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated for the first time that T1DM is associated with MOK1 downregulation. In addition, downregulation of both mTOR and MOK1 gene expressions was associated with cardiovascular risk factors in overweight T1DM patients.
Using Shared Story Reading in Mathematics
Authors: Smith Erin , Hawkins-Jones Jo , Cooley Shelby , Smith R. Alex
Published: November 2021

Teachers can use shared story reading with interdisciplinary lessons to simultaneously advance students’ mathematics, literacy, and social-emotional competencies. In this article, we use the book, Two of Everything, to illustrate how this routine can be used in K–2 classrooms.
Bridging Modeling and Environmental Issues
Authors: Jung Hyunyi , Wickstrom Megan H. , Piasecki Chris
Published: November 2021

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch activity involves an urgent environmental issue that students can discuss. It engages students in the interpretation of visual data, measurements, units, and the area of regular and irregular figures.
Estágio curricular no ensino remoto: concepções e percepções dos professores em formação inicial
Authors: Felcher Carla Denize Ott , Sousa Daniel Keglis de
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar as concepções e percepções de professores em formação inicial sobre a realização de um estágio no ensino remoto, considerando que o estágio curricular tem caráter obrigatório e prepara o acadêmico para o exercício da docência. Com a paralisação das aulas presenciais em decorrência da pandemia causada pelo COVID-19, os estágios curriculares ficaram suspensos até a publicação do Parecer nº 5/2020 do Conselho Nacional de Educação, o qual possibilitou a retomada das atividades educacionais, em todos os âmbitos, através do formato de ensino remoto. A metodologia adotada foi predominantemente qualitativa e a produção de dados foi proveniente de um questionário online respondido por treze estagiários e interpretados sob a ótica da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que as concepções prévias apresentadas pela maioria dos estagiários não foram positivas, inclusive alguns pensaram em desistir do estágio neste formato. Após a finalização do estágio no ensino remoto, os participantes da pesquisa apresentaram percepções positivas, considerando que foi uma experiência produtiva e de grandes aprendizagens. As tecnologias digitais receberam destaque entre os resultados, uma vez que, foram apontadas como relacionadas às aprendizagens construídas, mas também como dificuldades, no que diz respeito ao emprego nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. É essencial investimentos na formação de professores para um uso inteligente das tecnologias digitais, visto que, o cenário educacional é incerto, mas, não pode parar.
A escola fechou. E agora? Discutindo as práticas pedagógicas em Matemática em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Carius Ana Carolina , Rosa Thiago Leite Cabrera Pereira da
Published: November 2021

A pandemia de COVID-19 que atingiu a sociedade em escala global em 2020 promoveu mudanças drásticas em comportamentos e formas de vida, associadas sobretudo ao distanciamento social, adotado como política pública de enfrentamento ao problema. Em função do distanciamento social, instituições públicas e privadas de ensino adotaram práticas pedagógicas mediadas por tecnologias, a fim de minimizar os efeitos do fechamento das escolas. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho discute, a partir de um estudo de caso, as práticas pedagógicas adotadas pelos professores de matemática do ensino médio da rede estadual de educação do Rio de Janeiro, envolvendo alunas de uma escola estadual da rede e a professora de matemática destas. Considerando a legislação que amparou as decisões da rede estadual sobre a oferta das aulas mediadas por tecnologias, realizaram-se entrevistas com os atores envolvidos a fim de verificar a percepção destes sobre as atividades docentes e discentes durante a vigência desse regime extraordinário. Pode-se concluir, a partir da análise das entrevistas e de material obtido no site e nas redes sociais da Secretaria Estadual de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, que as diferentes práticas pedagógicas mediadas por tecnologia realizadas nesse contexto resultaram benéficas, mas em geral insatisfatórias, em função de dificuldades para docentes e discentes ligadas ao acesso, à escassez de recursos e a limitações da formação prévia. Por fim, a questão que se coloca é quanto à validação das atividades mediadas por tecnologias como horas letivas, apesar da precariedade das práticas pedagógicas em matemática apontadas pelo estudo de caso.
A resilient architecture for the realization and distribution of coordinated universal time to critical infrastructure systems in the United States :
Authors: Sherman Jeffrey A , Arissian Ladan , Brown Roger C , Deutch Matthew J , Donley Elizabeth A , Gerginov Vladislav , Levine Judah , Nelson Glenn K , Novick Andrew N , Patla Bijunath R , Parker Thomas E , Stuhl Benjamin K , Sutton Douglas D , Yao Jian , Yates William C , Zhang Victor , Lombardi Michael A
Published: November 2021

The Time and Frequency Division of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), an agency of the United States Department of Commerce (DOC), was tasked with fulfilling Section 4, Part (i) of the Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) Executive Order that was signed by the President on February 12, 2020. The Executive Order states that Within 180 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce shall make available a GNSS-independent source of Coordinated Universal Time, to support the needs of critical infrastructure owners and operators, for the public and private sectors to access. Although the Executive Order does not specifically provide an accuracy requirement, this report assumes an accuracy requirement of 1 ?s with respect to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). This specification is assumed because numerous critical infrastructure timing systems in the United States are now heavily dependent on signals received from the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites that routinely provide sub-microsecond accuracy, and other UTC sources that deliver time at comparable accuracy levels are needed to alleviate or reduce these dependencies. This report was written to describe, propose, and recommend technical methods that NIST has already implemented, or can potentially implement, to fulfill Section 4, Part (i) of the PNT Executive Order.
Technical Change and Social Revolution
Authors: Ferrarotti Franco
Published: November 2021

The concept and the term “industrial revolution” are far from being universally accepted. Historians and economists with a conservative inclination tend to criticize them more or less severely. My general theses is that the “industrial revolution” has been, in the first place, a true revolution, that is an epoch making break with the past. In the second place, that such a break has not been so far fully analyzed in its impact on the global society. The “industrial revolution” has been undoubtedly explored and discussed especially by the economic historians in its social, economic, and political terms. This is necessary, but not sufficient. The critical examination of its broad culture and scientific impact is lagging behind. In particular, it has not been fully recognized that power and science, as a result of the industrial revolution, have changed their nature. The bases of legitimacy for power have shifted from traditional or democratic acceptance to rational accountability.
Culture and counter-culture
Authors: Ferrarotti Franco
Published: November 2021

A curious paradox must be faced at the very outset: nothing is perhaps more culturally inclined than the various counter-culture movements. In other words, writing and working against the prevailing culture amount to an essentially cultural enterprise. Culture seems to be inescapable. A supposedly dying declining or simply inadequate or wrong culture is usually criticized and fought against by a culture that is in a hurry to take its place. To use the famous formulation of Vilfredo Pareto, one could say that the whole human history is nothing but the ongoing struggle of a “repressed “elite against a power elite through a variety of means which can, however, be summarized and symbolized, as it were, by two animals, the lion and the fox, that is to say force and shrewdness.
Intellectuals and Society
Authors: Ferrarotti Franco
Published: November 2021

If one conceives of modern society as a society that strives to free itself from the hand of tradition and conventional wisdom, then it seems difficult to overestimate the role of the intellectuals. Undoubtedly, the concept of the intellectual. It’s an ambiguous one. Its elusive character becomes apparent even from a linguistic point of view: the term intellectual is both a substantive and an adjective. Functionally speaking, one could perhaps define the intellectual as a person that uses professionally his or her own intellect. As such, it is hard to believe, as some authoritative scholars have maintained (dr. Wolf Lepenies among others), that the figure of the intellectual emerges historically at the end of the XIX century in France with Emile Zola and his famous article in the paper Aurore, entitled “J'accuse in defense” of Charles Dreyfus, as a case destined to shaken the third French Republic lining up the militarist and anti-Semitic right wing against the progressive political and cultural groups. A different view can be positively argued.
Max Horkheimer: The struggle against Total Bureaucratization
Authors: Ferrarotti Franco
Published: November 2021

In July 1973, at the age of 78, Max Horkheimer passed away In the Swiss town of Montagnola. If not the founder, he has at least the most important director of the Institute of Social Research at the University of Frankfurt, from which the famous name “Frankfurt School” is derived. Actually, if we can believe Habermas, who began his academic career as Adorno’s assistant, there was never a Frankfurt ‘’school’’ in the strict sense of the word, except of course in its first year in exile from Germany after the escape from Nazism. At any rate, Horkheimer, more than Adorno and with grater incisiveness than Marcuse and Fromm, represents a basic point of reference for an intellectual climate that has had, despite obvious limitation, a crucial influence on both Marxist and non-Marxist thought. More rigorous than Adorno, and more open to economic and practical reality than Marcuse, the cautious Horkheimer was throughout the secure point of reference, especially after his return in Frankfurt.
Covid-19 no Brasil: cenários epidemiológicos e vigilância em saúde
Authors: Barcellos Christovam , Villela Daniel Antunes Maciel
Published: November 2021

Apresentar um diagnóstico e constituir uma memória sobre a evolução da pandemia no Brasil, a partir de registros e análises de dados, sistemas de monitoramento e vigilância em saúde. É com esse intuito que o Observatório Covid-19 Fiocruz e a Editora Fiocruz publicam, em coedição, mais um e-book gratuito. Em três partes, que englobam um total de 25 capítulos, o título agrega os muitos desafios da comunidade científica brasileira - especialmente das equipes técnicas da Fiocruz - para a avaliação de cenários epidemiológicos diante da chegada do vírus Sars-CoV-2 ao país. Em um contexto que inclui dados reportados nos sistemas de vigilância epidemiológica, uso de modelos matemáticos e estatísticos, painéis de acompanhamento dos dados e sistemas de informação em saúde, o volume detalha os esforços e contribuições para a formulação de estratégias de mitigação e supressão da transmissão da doença. Este é o terceiro livro da série "Informação para Ação na Covid-19", que tem como objetivo reunir o conjunto de respostas, pesquisas e ações técnicas produzidas pela Fiocruz durante a pandemia. Com apoio da rede SciELO Livros, a iniciativa disponibiliza as obras exclusivamente em formato digital e acesso aberto.
Discriminating Data
Authors: Chun Wendy Hui Kyong , Barnett Alex
Published: November 2021

How big data and machine learning encode discrimination and create agitated clusters of comforting rage.

In Discriminating Data, Wendy Hui Kyong Chun reveals how polarization is a goal—not an error—within big data and machine learning. These methods, she argues, encode segregation, eugenics, and identity politics through their default assumptions and conditions. Correlation, which grounds big data's predictive potential, stems from twentieth-century eugenic attempts to “breed” a better future. Recommender systems foster angry clusters of sameness through homophily. Users are “trained” to become authentically predictable via a politics and technology of recognition. Machine learning and data analytics thus seek to disrupt the future by making disruption impossible.

Chun, who has a background in systems design engineering as well as media studies and cultural theory, explains that although machine learning algorithms may not officially include race as a category, they embed whiteness as a default. Facial recognition technology, for example, relies on the faces of Hollywood celebrities and university undergraduates—groups not famous for their diversity. Homophily emerged as a concept to describe white U.S. resident attitudes to living in biracial yet segregated public housing. Predictive policing technology deploys models trained on studies of predominantly underserved neighborhoods. Trained on selected and often discriminatory or dirty data, these algorithms are only validated if they mirror this data.

How can we release ourselves from the vice-like grip of discriminatory data? Chun calls for alternative algorithms, defaults, and interdisciplinary coalitions in order to desegregate networks and foster a more democratic big data.
Conformational dynamics of auto-inhibition in the ER calcium sensor STIM1
Authors: van Dorp Stijn , Qiu Ruoyi , Choi Ucheor B , Wu Minnie M , Yen Michelle , Kirmiz Michael , Brunger Axel T , Lewis Richard S
Published: November 2021

The dimeric ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1 controls store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) through the regulated binding of its CRAC activation domain (CAD) to Orai channels in the plasma membrane. In resting cells, the STIM1 CC1 domain interacts with CAD to suppress SOCE, but the structural basis of this interaction is unclear. Using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) and protein crosslinking approaches, we show that CC1 interacts dynamically with CAD in a domain-swapped configuration with an orientation predicted to sequester its Orai-binding region adjacent to the ER membrane. Following ER Ca2+ depletion and release from CAD, cysteine crosslinking indicates that the two CC1 domains become closely paired along their entire length in the active Orai-bound state. These findings provide a structural basis for the dual roles of CC1: sequestering CAD to suppress SOCE in resting cells and propelling it toward the plasma membrane to activate Orai and SOCE after store depletion.
Population receptive fields in nonhuman primates from whole-brain fMRI and large-scale neurophysiology in visual cortex
Authors: Klink P Christiaan , Chen Xing , Vanduffel Wim , Roelfsema Pieter R
Published: November 2021

Population receptive field (pRF) modeling is a popular fMRI method to map the retinotopic organization of the human brain. While fMRI-based pRF maps are qualitatively similar to invasively recorded single-cell receptive fields in animals, it remains unclear what neuronal signal they represent. We addressed this question in awake nonhuman primates comparing whole-brain fMRI and large-scale neurophysiological recordings in areas V1 and V4 of the visual cortex. We examined the fits of several pRF models based on the fMRI blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal, multi-unit spiking activity (MUA), and local field potential (LFP) power in different frequency bands. We found that pRFs derived from BOLD-fMRI were most similar to MUA-pRFs in V1 and V4, while pRFs based on LFP gamma power also gave a good approximation. fMRI-based pRFs thus reliably reflect neuronal receptive field properties in the primate brain. In addition to our results in V1 and V4, the whole-brain fMRI measurements revealed retinotopic tuning in many other cortical and subcortical areas with a consistent increase in pRF size with increasing eccentricity, as well as a retinotopically specific deactivation of default mode network nodes similar to previous observations in humans.