bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paraneoplastic dermatoses
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Djuanda Stephanie Natasha , Sandhika Willy ,   Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Published: November 2024

The skin is a window to changes deep organ. Several skin lesions indicate a deep organ malignancy. An abrupt onset of multiple seborrheic keratosis indicates a deep organ malignancy, acanthosis nigricans can be a sign of malignancy at another organ. There is a form of pemphigus that occurs in corresponding to lymphoma or other neoplasm. Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease that involves skin and muscle, however it can be a sign to other organ malignancy. Sweet syndrome can indicate a myeloproliferative or lymphoproliferative disorder. Pyoderma gangrenosum can be a sign to other neoplastic disease. Understanding skin lesion would help us to seek and identify other organ malignancy in early stage.
Integrated Ethnomedicine Study in Silico of Medicinal Plants for Hypertension
Authors: Lestariningrum Wahyu Titis , Kintoko Kintoko , Farid Muhammad
Published: November 2024

This study aims to discover a new formula from natural ingredients that are effective as antihypertensive agents through ethnomedicine research and in silico testing. The study was conducted at the Beringharjo Jamu Market in Yogyakarta by identifying the three most commonly used plants by vendors: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), Akar Pule Pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina), and Seledri (Apium graveolens). Ethnomedicine studies used quantitative parameters such as Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Subsequently, in silico tests were conducted with a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach to analyze protein-target interactions and test the potential of active compounds from these three plants. The results showed that Sambiloto had the best affinity through the compound Andrographolide with an affinity value of -561 kcal/mol. This study confirms that the three plants have the potential to contain key active ingredients for hypertension therapy using the Ethnomedicine Driven Reversal Approach System (EDRAS), which has proven to be effective and efficient.
Robust Low Pass Filter-PID Controller for 2-DOF Helicopter System
Authors: Abd Al Kareem Mohammed Shatha , Hussien Mary Ali
Published: November 2024

In this article, a robust control technique for 2-DOF helicopter system is presented. The 2-DOF helicopter system is 2 inputs and 2 outputs system that is suffering from the high nonlinearity and strong coupling. This paper focuses on design a simple, robust, and optimal controller for the helicopter system. Moreover, the proposed control method takes into account effects of the measurement noise in the closed loop system that effect on the performance of controller as well as the external disturbance. The proposed controller combines low pass filter with robust PID controller to ensure good tracking performance with high robustness. A low pass filter and PID controller are designed based H∞ weighted mixed sensitivity. Nonlinear dynamic model of 2-DOF helicopter system linearized and then decoupled into pitch and yaw models. Finally, proposed controller applied for each model. Matlab program is used to check effectiveness the proposed control method. Simulation results show that the proposed controllers has best tracking performance with no overshot and the smallest settling time with respect to standard H∞ and optimized PID controller.
Design and Implementation of the Soft Robot's End-Effecter
Authors: A. Al-Ibadi Shahad , A. T. Al-Abeach Loai , A. Al-Ibadi Mohammed
Published: November 2024

Soft robotics is a modern technique that allows robots to have more capabilities than conventional rigid robots. Pneumatic Muscle Actuators (PMAs), also known as McKibben actuators, are an example of soft actuators. This research covered the design and production of a pneumatic robot end effector. Smooth, elastic, flexible, and soft qualities materials have contributed to the creation of Soft Robot End-Effector (SREE). To give SREE compliance, it needs to handle delicate objects while allowing it to adapt to its surroundings safely. The research focuses on the variable stiffness SREE's inspiration design, construction, and manufacturing. As a result, a new four-fingered variable stiffness soft robot end effector was created. SREE has been designed using two types of PMAs: Contractor PMAs (CPMAs) and Extensor PMAs (EPMAs). Through tendons and Contractor PMAs, fingers can close and open. SREE was tested and put into practice to handle various object types. The innovative movement of the suggested SREE allows it to grip with only two fingers and open and close its grasp with all of its fingers.
Study on the Engineering Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Modified with Palm Stalk Fiber as an Additive
Authors: Othuman Mydin Md Azree
Published: November 2024

The escalation of agricultural waste in Malaysia has emerged as a significant focal point today. Agricultural trash is typically disposed of in landfills without regard for environmental considerations. Prior studies have demonstrated that highly reactive silica-containing debris can interact with calcium hydroxide in concrete, resulting in a thick microstructure. This study examines the possible application of palm stalk fibre (PSF) as an additive in lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) to enhance its engineering properties. The assessed engineering properties include compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, shrinkage and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Four distinct PSF percentages of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 % were utilized as additions to the LFC mix. The findings indicated that incorporating 0.45 % PSF into LFC yielded optimal outcomes for compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, shrinkage and ultrasonic pulse velocity of LFC. The surface roughness of PSF enhances fiber-to-matrix interfacial bonding, since a rougher surface facilitates the interlocking of SBK fibre with the matrix within the LFC cementitious matrix.
Construction Waste Management Strategies Towards Sustainable Practices in Malaysia
Authors: Lim Chun Han , Norazman Norsafiah
Published: November 2024

Malaysia has witnessed substantial rapid growth in construction waste management (CWM). However, this expansion has brought with it an obvious dilemma, namely an increasing amount of construction waste. The main aim of this study was to examine the critical issues of CWM in Malaysia, considering its various impacts on the environment, economy and society. Waste from various building materials increases with time, placing a heavy burden on ecosystems, public health and the economy. This study develops a strategic approach to CWM in Malaysia. The study focuses on identifying the common practices of construction waste and its’ relevant future strategies for enhancing sustainability. The method approach for this study was qualitative research, which consists of observation and semi-structured interview techniques. Respondents were from developers, management teams, contractors and site supervisors with expertise in CWM. Open-ended questions were designed and distributed to the respondents during the interview session to achieve information related to the current practice, challenges and solutions for improving CWM practices in Malaysia. The study highlights the importance of incorporating safety, health and environmental factors into CWM to facilitate the transformation of Malaysia's construction industry into a more ecologically conscious and productive sector. This will ultimately lead to a future characterized by enhanced security, improved sanitation and greater sustainability.
Communication and Disaster Education in The Perspective of Learning Theory: A Literature Review
Authors: Ode Sitti Nurhaliza Wa , Yasya Wichitra , Ayuningtyas Qurota
Published: November 2024

Indonesia is known as a supermarket disaster country. Responding to various disasters that have occurred, and even potential disasters, has prompted various parties to take concrete steps as disaster mitigation efforts. Communication plays a crucial role in disaster information flow. Communicators, in this case, the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) and authorized parties, are key to the smooth dissemination of disaster messages/information. However, the community, as the affected party in disasters, also needs to be provided with clear information on how to deal with disaster situations. This article aims to identify and explain the application of learning theories in the context of disaster communication, describe the development of disaster communication research in Indonesia, and discuss the implementation of disaster education concepts in various countries. The method used is a literature review from related ebooks and journals. The results obtained are as follows: First, communication and disaster education are interrelated in order to enhance disaster literacy across all regions. Second, communication plays a primary role in disaster education programs from the government's policy-making perspective, institutions observing disaster issues, and the community (disaster victims). Effective, efficient, and targeted information flow is crucial both in pre-disaster, during a disaster, and post-disaster phases. Third, there is a need to integrate disaster education into the curriculum, both at the school and university levels. This ensures that each individual knows and understands what to do when a disaster occurs, how we perceive disasters, and so on. Additionally, various theoretical approaches can be used to study disaster communication in an educational context, including: Behavioral learning, which focuses on observable behaviors, Cognitive Learning, which views learning as a mental process, Affective learning, which is related to emotions and affection and plays a role in learning, and Social learning, which views disaster learning as a social process where knowledge is collectively built within a specific social environment.
Mid-term report of case studies
Authors: Viti Martina , Fernandez Miguel , Schinegger Rafaela , Seliger Carina , Gruber Georg , Borgwardt Florian , Meyer Hildegard , Lucius Irene , Kujala Heini , Hällfors Maria , Heikkinen Risto , Cavalcante Thiago , Määttänen Aino-Maija , Prima Marie-Caroline , Si-Moussi Sara , Tzivanopoulos Marianne , Deschamps Gabrielle , Barnier Florian , Thuiller Wilfried , Araújo Miguel , Pais Bárbara , Moreira Francisco , Tablado Zulima , D'Amico Marcello , Evers Sanne , Hermoso Virgilio , Navarro Laetitia , Paniw Maria , Revilla Eloy , Haase Dagmar , Wolff Manuel , Sebastian Scheuer Sebastian , von Döhren Peer , Labohm Banjamin , Visconti Piero , Pereira Henrique
Published: November 2024

This milestone report compiles mid-term findings from the six case studies of the NaturaConnect project, each serving as a critical testing ground to understand the practical implications of TEN-N across diverse environmental and socio-political contexts and different spatial scales. These mid-term reports represent a starting point for identifying commonalities and challenges among case studies, offering guidance on the design and implementation of TEN-N.
New molecular evidence of the genus Hydrurus (Chrysophyceae) and descriptions of Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan on the basis of morphology and phylogeny
Authors: Hao Junxue , An Yalu , Nan Fangru , Lv Junping , Liu Qi , Liu Xudong , Xie Shulian , Feng Jia
Published: November 2024

The genus Hydrurus contains a solitary species, Hydrurus foetidus. Its thalli exhibit a remarkable structure, consisting of a firm central axis surrounded by peripheral branches, all enveloped within a viscous, gelatinous coating. Molecular data pertaining to the genus Hydrurus are scarce, necessitating further investigation into its phylogenetic relationships.

A new site with benthic freshwater alga Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan has been discovered in the Fenhe River in Shanxi Province, China. The physical and chemical parameters of water were meticulously measured and documented. Detailed morphological observations were conducted on the specimen, measuring different cell categories. The SSU, LSU, ITS and rbcL DNA sequence data of H. foetidus collected from Shanxi were determined. An extensive three-gene phylogenetic tree was constructed, revealing a strong relationship between the specimen in this study and H. foetidus specimen from Norway. Time-calibrated molecular phylogenetic analysis further indicated that the genus Hydrurus diverged approximately 125 million years ago (Early Cretaceous), while the two H. foetidus strains from Shanxi, China and Norway diverged approximately 6 million years ago (Neogene). The results of this study supplement new molecular evidence for H. foetidus and contribute significantly to our understanding of the geographical distribution and evolutionary history of the genus Hydrurus.
Disparities in Time to Diagnosis of Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ferrandiz-Espadin Renato , Rabasa Gabriela , Gasman Sarah , McGinley Brooke , Stovall Rachael , Jafarzadeh S. Reza , Liew Jean W. , Dubreuil Maureen
Published: November 2024

Objective

Radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) has a 7-year average diagnostic delay. Although the effects of sex or gender on time to diagnosis have been evaluated, the role of social determinants of health remains understudied. We assessed whether time from initial clinical documentation of r-axSpA symptoms to r-axSpA diagnosis (diagnostic delay) varies based on sex, race, ethnicity, and/or the presence of social needs.

Methods

We studied patients with r-axSpA from a tertiary center from 2000 to 2022. The cohort was built with the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) network. For the primary analysis, we assessed the time from back pain and/or spinal pain to r-axSpA diagnosis and, secondarily, the time to r-axSpA from any other r-axSpA–related condition. To estimate differences in diagnostic delay, we employed an accelerated failure time parametric survival model.

Results

We included 404 patients (mean age 49 years; 38.6% female), with 25.5% identifying as Black, 31.1% as other or unknown race, and 14.1% as Hispanic. Patients with a documented social need had a 21% increase in time from back pain to r-axSpA diagnosis (95% CI 0.93-1.56). In patients with any r-axSpA–related condition, time to diagnosis similarly increased by 21% (95% CI 0.92-1.57). Considering that there is an average time to diagnosis of 34 months, a social need increased time to diagnosis by 7 months.

Conclusion

This study reveals a trend toward diagnostic delay in r-axSpA related to social need, sex, race, and ethnicity. Future studies should focus on referral strategies to enable prompt diagnosis and optimize care.
Infected Tumoral Calcinosis Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Sugawara Eri , Ninagawa Keita , Katsumata Kazuaki
Published: November 2024

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a syndrome of unknown etiology characterized by calcium salt deposition in soft tissues.1A case of infected TC with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is described.
Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma as a Rare Mimicker of Relapsing Polychondritis
Authors: Tada Norihisa , Oguro Nao , Yajima Nobuyuki
Published: November 2024

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a low-grade B cell extranodal lymphoma characterized by clonal marginal zone lymphocyte proliferation. We report a case of MALT lymphoma with a relapsing polychondritis (RP)-like phenotype, manifesting as rapidly progressive tracheal stenosis requiring tracheotomy.
Ritual connections: altars and installations of Late Bronze Age Cyprus and Iron Age Philistia as examples of continuity, change and nostalgia
Authors: Harris-Schober Madaline
Published: November 2024

The two-horned Philistine altar from the site of Tell es‑Safi/Gath is a hallmark find. Whilst this altar is the earliest of its kind in the Iron Age Levant, there are remarkable Late Bronze Age connections to the Cypriot horns of the consecration and slaughtering blocks/altars from Late Cypriot cult sites. The Philistine altar is hewn from stone and unworked on the back and rear sides, bearing resemblance to these Late Bronze Age Cypriote cult and ritual furnishings in both aesthetic design and possible use. Slaughtering blocks from Late Bronze Age Cyprus are rectangular stone blocks with shallow concave surfaces usually set into the floor. They have been historically interpreted as blocks for ritual slaughter of animals due to their proximity to faunal remains, however there is no concrete evidence which would suggest sacrificial use, such as blood or residue atop the surfaces. This paper will further investigate and illuminate these connections between the Levant and Cyprus as possible Philistine symbols of nostalgia, prestige and status emulating (or remembering) both the Aegean and Cyprus, a process which was prevalent up until around the 9th century BCE in Philistia and the wider Mediterranean. This paper will further analyze the Area D altar from Tell es‑Safi/Gath which may be an attempt at imitating the basic form of a Cypriot LC IIC/IIIA stepped altar with horns of consecration as a way of remembering parts of the Philistine Mediterranean past.
Membra disiecta of historic information concerning the necropoleis of Kition
Authors: Schmid Stephan G.
Published: November 2024

This paper deals with historical information from the 19th century relating to various aspects of the necropoleis of ancient Kition. Although the diary entries of Lorenzo Warriner Pease from 1834 to 1839 are not specifically concerned with the study of ancient remains, they provide interesting information on the distribution of rock‑cut chamber tombs, particularly in the area of Sotiros and further west. During his visit to Cyprus in 1845, Ludwig Ross carried out a small excavation in essentially the same area. The two contributions therefore shed additional light on the extent and furnishings of these characteristic burials. A short passage from Paul Schröder’s travel diaries reports the discovery of a richly decorated sarcophagus in March 1870. As this object is a well-known specimen from the Cesnola collection, Schröder’s description is important because it allows a fairly accurate contextualisation of the sarcophagus. Finally, unpublished archive material by Max Ohnefalsch-Richter describing his excavations of three built chamber tombs offers the opportunity to reconsider the number and location of these elite burials.
Stratégies et politique durant les sièges de Nicosie et Famagouste (1570‑1571)
Authors: Grivaud Gilles
Published: November 2024

La guerre de Chypre s’est achevée par les sièges des deux principales villes fortifiées, Nicosie et Famagouste, mais tandis que la capitale de l’île a été prise par les Ottomans après un siège de sept semaines, le grand port a résisté au blocus pendant treize mois avant de se rendre. Face aux forces considérables mobilisées par l’Empire Ottoman Venise a adopté une stratégie inappropriée qui révélait la faiblesse de son organisation militaire, ainsi que les contradictions de sa gestion sociale et politique de l’île.
Attention Mechanism Model Combined With Adversarial Learning for E-Commerce User Behavior Classification and Personality Recommendation
Authors: Rana Sharif Uddin Ahmed
Published: November 2024

In traditional e-commerce websites, consumers' evaluation of products will affect new customers' decisions on whether to buy the products. Some fraudulent merchants manipulate consumers' online comments for their interests, and multitudes of fake comments abuse consumers' rights and interests and the development of traditional e-commerce. The purpose of the present work is to detect and identify fake comments through user behavior classification. A series of innovative researches are carried out around the user behavior recognition task from four aspects: extraction and description of low-level behavior feature, spatial representation of high-level user behavior, design of behavior classification model, and user behavior detection in unsegmented text. A feature extraction model based on the super-complete independent component analysis algorithm and a behavior classification model via attention mechanism are proposed. Moreover, a feature source discriminator is designed, and adversarial learning is used to optimize discriminator loss and generator loss.
A New Technology of Jute Geotextiles Developed for River Bank Protection in Different Geographical Places of Bangladesh
Authors: Rana Sharif Uddin Ahmed , Cheok Adrian David
Published: November 2024

Jute geotextiles have shown a great potential for numerous applications including civil engineering, agriculture, construction, drainage and river bank protection. The samples of jute geotextiles were supplied by Bangladesh Jute Mills Corporation (BJMC). The samples were treated with bitumen, natural additive, chemicals (resin) and copper-sulphate in the Pilot Plant Processing Division of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI). Physical and mechanical properties of jute geotextiles (JGT) were measured at the Testing Laboratory of BJRI. It was found that tensile strength of natural additive treated jute geotextiles increased up to 38% whereas the tensile strength of bitumen treated jute geotextiles may increase up to 14% depending on the treatment conditions. It was noted that tensile strength of the copper sulphate and resin treated jute geotextiles was found insignificant. The treated jute geotextiles were used in the river bank protection in five sites of Bangladesh with a view to control soil erosion.
Agribusiness Innovation
Authors: Rana Sharif Uddin Ahmed , Cheok Adrian D.
Published: November 2024

Bangladesh is an Agro-based country. It is a great delta-comprises with hundreds of rivers, plane lands and hills. The length of its coast beside Bay of Bengal is about 1700 km. Due to its geographical location Bangladesh is always disaster prone. Flood, storm, drought, tidal search etc are the part of its existence. On the other hand the country has been ruled by the different outsider resume since long. Resulted, poverty and famine were, the long-lasting feature of the livelihoods of the people of this land. Therefore, the history of introduction of modern agriculture in Bangladesh is not too old. This history is very much related with famine and poverty. After series of famine the British Government took some steps for introducing agricultural services sector. They have established Dhaka farm and Laboratory Building in the early 1900. The Chief Minister of greater Bengal Sher-e-Bangla A K Fazlul Huq established Agriculture college in Dhaka in the year 1937 for equipping our earlier generation with modern agriculture education and research.
Beyond the Screen
Authors: Kose Busra Ozdenizci
Published: November 2024

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, the boundaries of User Experience (UX) design extend far beyond traditional screens. As we navigate through this era of innovation, the focus shifts toward more intimate, immersive, and integrated experiences offered by wearable devices, the Internet of Things (IoT), and cutting-edge technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). This chapter explores the unique challenges and opportunities these platforms present, highlighting key usability principles that ensure meaningful, accessible, and engaging interactions. This exploration of advanced UX design prepares designers with the knowledge and tools for current challenges and future opportunities, encouraging a design approach that is innovative and inclusive.
Sustainable Development in Wearable Internet of Medical Things
Authors: Kumar D. Maruthi , K. S. Shreenidhi , Anandaram Harishchander , Krishna Gopal , B. S. Hari
Published: November 2024

The integration of wearable IoMT in healthcare systems throws wide-open the potential for patient care, real-time monitoring, and personalized medicine, but sustainability brings its own set of challenges and opportunities. This chapter discusses the environmental impact, efficiency in energy consumption, and lifecycle management for sustainable development in wearable IoMT. Some of the major challenges are electronic waste, energy consumption, data security, and privacy. Sustainability in wearable IoMT offers opportunities in the adoption of renewable energy, the development of low-power devices, and robust data protection mechanisms. Reduction in the ecological footprint of wearable IoMT devices can be served by considering the importance of sustainable practice in manufacturing, recycling, and biodegradable materials. It seems that innovative solutions can improve sustainability while maintaining quality care for patients.
Integrating Learning Management System With Dynamic Composition of Distributed Web Services
Authors: Pawar Sumathi , Nair Suma K. , B. S. Vandhana , Ankitha K. , Reddy Hemanth Kumar
Published: November 2024

E-learning and its management is essential during pandemic situations, which require integration and management of learning management web services in the universities. This necessitates adapting service-oriented architecture (SOA) in higher education. There are several categories of users such as administrators, researchers, teachers, students, and maintenance team of different computer systems. If these systems are exposed as web services, then it can be utilized or consumed by other applications. Due to distributed web services, a student record from student information system may provide services for library management system or learning management system. It is very good practice to distribute the services using available computing facilities of laboratory Pcs and due to this existing lab resource facilities shared and utilized. This chapter is focused on integrating e-learning methods according to user requirement for flexible user interface. Apriori algorithm is used to train the machine and performance of the system is measured during testing the system.
Human Resource Development (HRD) Strategies for Emerging Entrepreneurship
Authors: Somasundaram R. , Chandra Saurabh , Tamilarasu J. , Kinagi Archana M. , Naveen Shreevamshi
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the strategic use of HRD for sustainable growth in emerging entrepreneurial ventures focusing on UX designs, highlighting the challenge of building agile teams in competitive digital markets, founded by innovators. By integrating HRD practices with UX design principles, startups can enhance creativity, improve collaboration, and focus on customer-centered product development. The chapter aims to enhance the company's vision through talent acquisition, continuous learning, and team empowerment, while incorporating UX methodologies for intuitive, user-centered digital solutions. Connecting HRD and UX design will lead to faster innovation, better alignment of business goals and user needs, promoting long-term growth and sustaining digital change. This chapter suggests that strategic HRD and thoughtful UX design can significantly enhance the competitive advantage of emerging startups in the digital era.
Touchdowns to Take-Off
Authors: Pal Amitava , Mathad Kavita
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the field of sports entrepreneurship, specifically examining the process of incubation and its impact on innovation. Sports companies have a significant role in fostering economic growth and community development. However, achieving success in this field necessitates strategic support and access to resources. Business incubation offers a well-organized setting for ambitious sports entrepreneurs to enhance their ideas, develop robust strategies, and attain sustainable success. Conducting qualitative research with sports entrepreneurs offered valuable insights for entrepreneurs and incubation practitioners, shedding light on effective strategies and the typical obstacles.
An Exploration in the Zones of Business Disruption and Economic Growth
Authors: Roy Debasish
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, business innovation and disruption; both in tandem, are the two major features of the global economy, albeit completely contradictory in nature. The first part of this research work is aimed at analytical derivations and demarcation of Zone of Business Disruption (ZBD) and Zone of Economic Growth (ZEG) for 6 sample countries for the time series study of 30 years (1990 – 2019) by considering 2020 as the ‘benchmark' year of pandemic to estimate the quantum of business disruption as a function of two major variables, i.e., Per capita productivity growth rate and GDP growth rate respectively, and the second part consists of the formulation of Business Survival Index (BSI) based on two attributes of Adaptability to Business Disruptions (ABD) and Alternative Business Strategy (ABS) respectively which would help to project the efficiency level of a country to effectively survive the adverse effects of business disruptions from a normative point of view.
Role of Data Analytics and Big Data in Operational Decision-Making and Performance Improvement
Authors: Subrahmanyam Satya
Published: November 2024

In the contemporary business landscape, data analytics and big data are crucial for operational decision-making and performance enhancement. This chapter, “Role of Data Analytics and Big Data in Operational Decision-Making and Performance Improvement,” explores the transformative impact of data-driven strategies. It covers the foundational concepts of data analytics and big data, their technological advancements, and tools for analysis. Through case studies, it illustrates optimization of supply chain management, customer experience, and process innovation. The chapter highlights predictive analytics, machine learning, and real-time data processing in decision-making, addressing data quality, integration, and privacy challenges. It underscores the role of big data in performance measurement, making it essential for business leaders and scholars.
Human Capital Challenges in Sustainability Start-Ups
Authors: Yadav Preksha , Kureethara Joseph Varghese
Published: November 2024

Sustainability start-ups address pressing global challenges but face human capital issues in attracting, retaining, and developing talent. Challenges include lack of brand awareness, competition with established firms, high turnover, burnout, limited career growth, resources, and expertise. This chapter reviews literature on these challenges, identifies unique issues in sustainability start-ups, and evaluates strategies to address them. It examines the impact of human capital challenges on performance, noting the need to attract passionate employees, offer competitive benefits, and foster a positive work environment. Recommendations include investing in brand awareness, offering unique benefits, supporting professional growth, and transparency in career paths.
Development of Advanced Instruments for Spectroscopic Analyses of Nanoparticles/Nanobioparticles
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Bali Alka
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in particles with sizes between 1 and 100 nm because of their many uses in fields including drug delivery, cancer diagnosis, and therapy. There are many different chemical compositions of nanobioparticles, ranging from micelles to metal oxide, from synthetic polymers to large biomolecules. Characterizing nanoparticles is crucial after they are synthesized. Size, shape, dispersity, and surface area are the main characteristics of nanoparticles. Numerous methods have been employed to assess the dimensions, crystallographic arrangement, elemental composition, and several other physical attributes of nanoparticles. Multiple techniques can be used to evaluate physical attributes in various cases. Each technique has different strengths and limitations, which complicate the choice of the most suitable method. The common techniques for the characterization of nanoparticles are as follows: XRD, UV-Vis, FTIR, DLS, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, & TGA. This chapter aims to review the various types of techniques for the characterization of nanoparticles.
Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Panwar Deepak , Sharma Parul , Sharma Shweta , Malik Manoj , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment. As the most common form of dementia, AD affects millions of individuals worldwide and poses significant challenges for diagnosis and management. Early and accurate detection of AD is critical for effective intervention and management, which has led to increasing interest in identifying and utilizing biomarkers. Biomarkers for AD include neuroimaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins, and blood-based markers. Neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) are instrumental in visualizing structural and functional changes in the brain associated with AD. CSF biomarkers, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau proteins, provide valuable insights into the pathological processes underlying the disease. Recent advancements in blood-based biomarkers offer promising non-invasive alternatives for early detection.
Predictive Precision Harnessing AI for Early Alzheimer's Detection
Authors: Sriman B. , Vigneshkumar M. , Dhinesh Kumar K. S. , Praveenkumar J. , Suganya K.
Published: November 2024

The early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a critical challenge in neurology and geriatrics, with significant implications for patient outcomes and healthcare systems. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) offer promising avenues for enhancing predictive precision in identifying early-stage AD through biomarker analysis. This paper explores the integration of AI methodologies with biomarker data to improve early detection rates of Alzheimer's disease. Utilizing the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset, which includes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, neuroimaging data, and clinical assessments, we evaluate the performance of two AI algorithms: the Random Forest Classifier (RFC) and a novel deep learning model named NeuroCognitionNet (NCN). The RFC achieved an accuracy of 87%, sensitivity of 85%, and specificity of 89%, . In contrast, NCN achieved superior results with an accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 94%, highlighting its ability to effectively synthesize and interpret complex biomarker data.
The Theoretical Foundations of Supplier Selection
Authors: Messaoudi Laila , Mahdhi Minyar
Published: November 2024

This chapter looks at the issue of choosing suppliers through of multicriteria decision-making. This chapter examines the theoretical underpinnings of supplier selection in the context of supply chain management. The objectives of supply chain management are delineated, underscoring the criticality of effectively coordinating the myriad company undertakings. Traditional techniques of selecting suppliers, with a focus on the increasing integration of social, environmental, and sustainability concerns. Finally, the integration of these variables into the supplier selection process, demonstrating multi-criteria programming models and decision support methods such as stochastic and fuzzy goal programming (GP). The chapter highlights how crucial it is to make informed, comprehensive supplier selections in order to improve the supply chain's overall performance, sustainability, and competitiveness.
Strategic Management and Multicriteria Decision Making in Healthcare System
Authors: Shaikh Zuber Peermohammed
Published: November 2024

Strategic planning and MCDM in healthcare system and pandemic entails asking where an organization wants to go and what it hopes to achieve, then charting a path to get there. By defining the goals, vision, and mission of a healthcare organization, a strategic plan helps to keep management's responsibilities simple, measurable, and realistic. Moreover, effective strategic management in healthcare can keep healthcare staff on same page, working toward shared goals. Healthcare managers develop their organization's strategy best of all. Individuals interested in an administrative career in healthcare should explore educational options that support this career path, such as earning Master of Health Administration (MHA) degree. Aggregating the final weight values in the decision matrix and decision information were implemented differently in literature. The aggregation procedure of the decision information in the context of healthcare studies were analyzed for choice, strategy, policy.
Fuzzy Logic in Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Bhavana K. , Samnatha M.
Published: November 2024

This study aims to explore the application of fuzzy logic in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) processes, particularly in complex environments. A fuzzy logic framework was developed, integrating fuzzy sets, membership functions, and fuzzy rules to evaluate diverse criteria and enhance decision-making. The findings demonstrate that fuzzy logic effectively manages uncertainty and imprecision, leading to improved decision outcomes. A case study conducted in a private hospital in Istanbul validated the framework's applicability, showcasing its ability to handle non-homogeneous information and facilitate informed decisions. The implications of this research highlight the potential of fuzzy logic methodologies to enhance decision-making accuracy and robustness in various fields, including healthcare and engineering.
Governance and Leadership
Authors: Bohlens Christopher
Published: November 2024

This chapter investigates the pivotal functions of governance and leadership in facilitating change and promoting sustainability within higher education institutions. It evaluates diverse governance frameworks—traditional, collegial, corporate, and hybrid—and examines leadership methodologies such as transformational, distributed, and servant leadership. The assessment underscores the difficulties of reconciling academic autonomy with institutional governance, managing stakeholder heterogeneity, and addressing financial and regulatory constraints. It further recognizes opportunities for innovation, including the utilization of technology, the encouragement of collaboration, and the adoption of internationalization. The study offers practical strategies and exemplary practices for fortifying governance frameworks, improving leadership efficacy, enhancing transparency, and executing data-informed decision-making.
Leveraging Technology for Organizational Efficiency and Effectiveness in Higher Education
Authors: Chasokela Doris , Ncube Chantell M.
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores how higher education institutions can leverage technology to improve organizational efficiency and effectiveness. By examining the role of technology in streamlining processes, enhancing collaboration, and improving student outcomes, this chapter provides practical insights and strategies for leaders to drive institutional excellence. The chapter focuses on the strategic use of technology to enhance operational efficiency, improve communication, and drive innovation, highlighting best practices and case studies from institutions that have successfully implemented technology-based solutions.
Spotlighting Leadership Competencies in Small Businesses
Authors: Olubiyi Timilehin Olasoji
Published: November 2024

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises play a critical part in the majority of the world's economy and academic research on leadership has continued to evolve significantly. But in Nigeria, they are challenged in many areas such as management and leadership competencies, profitability, sales growth, competitive advantage, increased market failures, and many other obstacles. This chapter therefore aims to investigate the effect of leadership competencies on SME profitability, in selected SMEs in Lagos state, Nigeria the most populous and biggest consumer market in Africa. A multistage sampling technique was used for this study because SMEs are scattered across the five geo-political zones of Lagos State. Thus, SMEs in Nigeria require improved knowledge, sound management, and the development of leadership competencies to improve their profitability. The study therefore recommends that the management of SMEs including the owners/managers need to increase their leadership and entrepreneurial competencies, driven by the need for achievements.
Social Media Influencers Marketing in the Tourism Industry
Authors: Zeno Junaidah , Zhang Chunxiao
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores consumer and advertising-related laws in Malaysia and China that regulate social media influencers (SMIs) marketing in the tourism industry and aims to educate consumers in Malaysia and China on the potential risks of blindly trusting SMIs' posts while empowering them to make informed transactional decisions. It also seeks to inform key stakeholders, such as SMIs, brands, and tourism agencies, about the importance of complying with marketing and consumer laws in the tourism industry. The chapter emphasizes transparency, accuracy, and impartiality in all promotional activities. It highlights the crucial roles of enforcement authorities in monitoring compliance and enforcing laws related to SMIs marketing in the tourism industry. This chapter proposes several strategic recommendations while identifying possible challenges that may assist relevant regulatory bodies in Malaysia and China.
Future of Travel
Authors: Kakkar Ruchi , Kakkar Amit , Riyat Manpreet Kaur
Published: November 2024

The travel, tourism, and hospitality industries can find hope in the metaverse, which is more than just a catchphrase. It offers creative solutions for sustainability and promises to transform these sectors. This chapter examines how the metaverse reshapes tourism and hospitality industries by incorporating innovative, sustainable tourism and hospitality concepts. An understanding of sustainability and the metaverse is given in this chapter. Sustainability refers to methods that guarantee the long-term viability of resources and reduce their adverse environmental effects. There is also a discussion of the challenges of integrating the metaverse with tourism and hospitality. A team collaboration is needed to overcome the difficulties of incorporating the metaverse into travel and hospitality. Each stakeholder has a specific role to play, and their contributions are vital to the success of this transformation. This fascinating trend toward virtual tourism is more than simply a transition; it has the potential to make the sector more robust and sustainable.
AI in Nature Reserves
Authors: Al-Romeedy Bassam Samir
Published: November 2024

This chapter examines the multifaceted impacts of AI adoption in natural reserves, exploring both the benefits and challenges. On the positive side, AI-powered tools can assist in real-time monitoring of wildlife populations, habitat conditions, and visitor numbers, enabling timely and data-driven decision-making for conservation. AI-based personalization of visitor experiences can also improve engagement and education. However, relying on AI algorithms raises issues related to data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the potential disruption of natural ecosystems through excessive monitoring and interventions. Through a review of academic literature, this chapter provides a balanced analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of AI integration in natural reserves. The findings aim to guide policymakers, conservation practitioners, and technology researchers in navigating the complex landscape of AI-enabled nature conservation.
Technology-Driven and Personality in the Travel Experience Within a Destination
Authors: Aarabe Mourad , Bouizgar Meryem , Ben Khizzou Nouhaila , Alla Lhoussaine , Benjelloun Ahmed
Published: November 2024

The rapid advancement of technology has had a significant and far-reaching impact on the tourism industry, affecting not only the travel experience, but also the practices and procedures associated with tourism. This study examines the relationship between personality and applied technology in the travel experience, investigating the determinants of the travel experience within a destination. This chapter presents the findings of a systematic literature review conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. It offers a comprehensive conceptual and theoretical framework and provides an overview of the current research trends and implications in this field. The findings illustrate the intricate and reciprocal relationship between technological tools and travelers' personality characteristics, and their influence on the tourism experience.
Travel the World From the Comfort of Your Own Home
Authors: Çizer Ece Özer , Köse Şirin Gizem , Akgül Arzu Karaman
Published: November 2024

Virtual place applications (VPA) have increased their popularity especially with the interest of innovative people. VPAs provide the opportunity to visit anywhere in the world without leaving home. In addition, the electronic world of mouth encourages people to use VPA. However, there is still a question of whether the virtual visitors will want to visit these places later, and how the price cost of the physical visit will affect this intention. In the light of these, data were collected online from the participants by questionnaire method and analyzed with structural equation model. The results of the analysis show that the relationships between entertainment, education, innovation, and e-WOM with customer satisfaction and visitor satisfaction with travel intention were significant and positive. Furthermore, the study presents the moderating role of price cost in the relationship between visitor satisfaction and travel intention.
Next-Gen Healthcare
Authors: Parkar Trupti Vinayak , Shashank Kamath K. M.
Published: November 2024

This chapter will delve into the transformative potential of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare, highlighting future trends, challenges, risks, and opportunities. As healthcare systems evolve, the convergence of AI and IoT offers unprecedented opportunities for enhancing patient care, improving operational efficiency, and enabling predictive and preventive medicine. This chapter will examine how real-time data from wearable technologies, medical devices, and virtual health interactions can be synthesized through advanced predictive models to detect early signs of disease and optimize treatment plans.
Performance Evaluation of LLM-Based Security Systems
Authors: Shamoo Yara
Published: November 2024

This chapter delves into the performance evaluation of large language model (LLM)-based security systems, focusing on their effectiveness, scalability, and adaptability in dynamic threat landscapes. By examining various performance metrics, including accuracy, speed, and resource utilization, the chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of how these systems compare to traditional security approaches. Furthermore, it explores the challenges of evaluating LLMs in real-world scenarios and discusses potential improvements to enhance their robustness. This evaluation aims to guide future developments in LLM-based security systems, ensuring they meet the rigorous demands of modern cybersecurity.
Integration of LLMs With Traditional Security Tools
Authors: Jones Rebet Keith , Jones Angel Justo
Published: November 2024

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with traditional security tools represents a significant advancement in the cybersecurity domain. This chapter explores the potential of combining LLMs with established security mechanisms to enhance threat detection, response, and overall system resilience. By analyzing the complementary strengths of LLMs and traditional tools, this chapter highlights how LLMs can augment existing security frameworks, improve anomaly detection, automate security workflows, and address evolving cyber threats. The discussion also includes challenges such as computational complexity, ethical considerations, and integration complexities, offering insights into future research directions.