bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cosmological constraints from the power spectrum and bispectrum of 21cm intensity maps
Authors: Karagiannis Dionysios , Maartens Roy , Randrianjanahary Liantsoa F.
Published: November 2022

The 21cm emission of neutral hydrogen is a potential probe of the matter distribution in the Universe after reionisation. Cosmological surveys of this line intensity will be conducted in the coming years by the SKAO and HIRAX experiments, complementary to upcoming galaxy surveys. We present the first forecasts of the cosmological constraints from the combination of the 21cm power spectrum and bispectrum. Fisher forecasts are computed for the constraining power of these surveys on cosmological parameters, the BAO distance functions and the growth function. We also estimate the constraining power on dynamical dark energy and modified gravity. Finally we investigate the constraints on the 21cm clustering bias, up to second order. We take into account the effects on the 21cm correlators of the telescope beam, instrumental noise and foreground avoidance, as well as the Alcock-Paczynski effect and the effects of theoretical errors in the modelling of the correlators. We find that, together withPlanckpriors, and marginalising over clustering bias and nuisance parameters, HIRAX achieves sub-percent precision on the ΛCDM parameters, with SKAO delivering slightly lower precision. The modified gravity parameter γ is constrained at 1% (HIRAX) and 5% (SKAO). For the dark energy parametersw0,wa, HIRAX delivers percent-level precision while SKAO constraints are weaker. HIRAX achieves sub-percent precision on the BAO distance functionsDA, H, while SKAO reaches 1 - 2% for 0.6 ≲z≲ 1. The growth ratefis constrained at a few-percent level for the whole redshift range of HIRAX and for 0.6 ≲z≲ 1 by SKAO. The different performances arise mainly since HIRAX is a packed inteferometer that is optimised for BAO measurements, while SKAO is not optimised for interferometer cosmology and operates better in single-dish mode, where the telescope beam limits access to the smaller scales that are covered by an interferometer.
Possibility of experimental study on nonleptonic

weak decays*
Authors: Yang Yueling , Wang Liting , Huang Jinshu , Chang Qin , Sun Junfeng
Published: November 2022

The ground vector

meson has not yet been experimentally discovered until now. Besides the dominant electromagnetic decays, nonleptonic weak decays provide another choice to search for the mysterious

mesons. Inspired by the potential prospects of

mesons in future high-luminosity colliders, nonleptonic

weak decays induced by bottom and charm quark decays are studied within the SM by using a naive factorization approach. It is found that for

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

and

decays, a few hundred and even thousands of events might be observable in CEPC, FCC-ee and LHCb@HL-LHC experiments.
The Unusual AGN Host NGC 1266: Evidence for Shocks in a Molecular Gas Rich S0 Galaxy with a Low Luminosity Nucleus
Authors: Chen Peibin , Zhao Yinghe , Wang Junfeng
Published: November 2022

NGC 1266 is a lenticular galaxy (S0) hosting an active galactic nucleus (AGN), and known to contain a large amount of shocked gas. We compare the luminosity ratio of mid-J CO lines to IR continuum with star-forming galaxies (SFGs), and then model the CO spectral line energy distribution (SLED). We confirm that in the mid- and high-J regions (J
up = 4–13), the C-type shock (v
s = 25 km s−1, n
H = 5 × 104 cm−3) can reproduce the CO observations well. The galaxy spectral energy distribution (SED) is constructed and modeled by the code X-CIGALE and obtains a set of physical parameters including the star formation rate (SFR, 1.17 ± 0.47 M
⊙ yr−1). Also, our work provides SFR derivation of [C ii] from the neutral hydrogen regions only (1.38 ± 0.14 M
⊙yr−1). Previous studies have illusive conclusions on the AGN or starburst nature of the NGC 1266 nucleus. Our SED model shows that the hidden AGN in the system is intrinsically low-luminosity, consequently the infrared luminosity of the AGN does not reach the expected level. Archival data from NuSTAR hard X-ray observations in the 3–79 keV band shows a marginal detection, disfavoring presence of an obscured luminous AGN and implying that a compact starburst is more likely dominant for the NGC 1266 nucleus.
Immersion bioprinting of hyaluronan and collagen bioink-supported 3D patient-derived brain tumor organoids
Authors: Clark Casey C , Yoo Kyung Min , Sivakumar Hemamylammal , Strumpf Kristina , Laxton Adrian W , Tatter Stephen B , Strowd Roy E , Skardal Aleksander
Published: November 2022

Organoids, and in particular patient-derived organoids, have emerged as crucial tools for cancer research. Our organoid platform, which has supported patient-derived tumor organoids (PTOs) from a variety of tumor types, has been based on the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen, or gelatin, hydrogel bioinks. One hurdle to high throughput PTO biofabrication is that as high-throughput multi-well plates, bioprinted volumes have increased risk of contacting the sides of wells. When this happens, surface tension causes bioinks to fall flat, resulting in 2D cultures. To address this problem, we developed an organoid immersion bioprinting method—inspired by the FRESH printing method—in which organoids are bioprinted into support baths in well plates. The bath—in this case an HA solution—shields organoids from the well walls, preventing deformation. Here we describe an improvement to our approach, based on rheological assessment of previous gelatin baths versus newer HA support baths, combined with morphological assessment of immersion bioprinted organoids. HA print baths enabled more consistent organoid volumes and geometries. We optimized the printing parameters of this approach using a cell line. Finally, we deployed our optimized immersion bioprinting approach into a drug screening application, using PTOs derived from glioma biospecimens, and a lung adenocarcinoma brain metastasis. In these studies, we showed a general dose dependent response to an experimental p53 activator compound and temozolomide (TMZ), the drug most commonly given to brain tumor patients. Responses to the p53 activator compound were effective across all PTO sets, while TMZ responses were observed, but less pronounced, potentially explained by genetic and epigenetic states of the originating tumors. The studies presented herein showcase a bioprinting methodology that we hope can be used in increased throughput settings to help automate biofabrication of PTOs for drug development-based screening studies and precision medicine applications.
Daytime warming during early grain filling offsets the CO2 fertilization effect in rice
Authors: Zhang Guoyou , Ujiie Kazuhiro , Yoshimoto Mayumi , Sakai Hidemitsu , Tokida Takeshi , Usui Yasuhiro , Wakatsuki Hitomi , Arai Miwa , Ikawa Hiroki , Nakamaura Hirofumi , Hasegawa Toshihiro
Published: November 2022

Increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2 are projected to have positive effects on crop photosynthesis and yield (CO2 fertilization effect, CFE). High-temperature events, such as heatwaves, during sensitive periods can have significant negative impacts on crop yield and quality; however, the combined effects of elevated CO2 (EC) and short-period elevated temperature (ET) have not been determined in the open field. Here, we show a strong negative interaction between EC and ET obtained from a temperature-free-air controlled enhancement treatment embedded in a season-long free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiment on a japonica rice cultivar, Koshihikari, over three seasons at the Tsukuba FACE facility in Ibaraki, Japan. CFE was 15% at ambient temperature, but it was reduced to 3% by ET, where canopy surface temperature (Tc) was elevated by ∼1.6 °C for 20 d after flowering. Reductions in CFE mainly arose from poor grain setting at Tc above ∼30 °C. High Tc also increased the percentage of chalky grains and substantially decreased the grain appearance quality, although the threshold temperature varied between the seasons. Simultaneous increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration and air temperature are expected to increase daytime canopy temperatures more than air warming alone, thereby affecting grain yield and quality. Crop models without these processes are likely to underestimate the negative impacts of climate change on crop yield and quality. The development of adaptation measures against heat stress, particularly during reproductive and grain-filling periods, needs to be enhanced and accelerated.
Bioaccumulation of silver nanoparticles in marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus under waterborne and dietary exposure
Authors: Liu Chenge , Liu Wenxia
Published: November 2022

At present, the emission of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) will affect a variety of aquatic organisms. AgNPs may be transferred to the food web through the bioaccumulation or biomagnification of the food chain, which is harmful to at higher trophic level organisms, and even threatens human health. Therefore, in this study, we tested the acute toxicity effect of AgNPs to marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus, and analyzed the Ag bioaccumulation in T. japonicus under short-term waterborne (exposure of AgNPs to T. japonicus) and dietary exposure (AgNP-accumulated algae cells of Isochrysis galbana are used to feed T. japonicus). The results showed that, after 48 h exposure, significant effects of AgNPs on the mortalities were observed (LC50=6.330 mg·L−1). The bioaccumulation of Ag by T. japonicus under different exposure modes was positively correlated with exposure concentration and time, and the bioaccumulation level under waterborne exposure was significantly higher. The biomagnification of T. japonicus was not observed under 24 h dietary exposure of different AgNP concentrations (BMFs<1), but the transfer efficiency was higher under low exposure concentration (BMFlow concentration>BMFhigh concentration). This study is helpful to understand the toxicity mechanism and effect of AgNPs on aquatic organisms.
Reaction of Japanese media to discharging Fukushima nuclear waste water into ocean and the analysis----taking relevant reports of Japanese media as examples
Authors: Li Guangzhen , Li Zilong
Published: November 2022

Japanese government published the decision that the stored nuclear waste water in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant would be discharged into ocean, which met with violent objection from surrounding countries. Japanese domestic media reported in succession, and expressed a strong disagreement. And Fukushima local media were full of worries. They believed that local life and fishery production would be influenced for long. Being made a general observation of Japanese media, million tons of treated nuclear waste water discharged into ocean would be quite harmful to the environment. Japanese domestic attitude presented a distinct objection to the decision about discharging nuclear waste water into ocean made by Japanese government.
Comparison and study of several methods for solving the hydraulic jump values in pumping well
Authors: Zhang Xuezhen , Huo Aidi , Wang Jucui
Published: November 2022

This paper was envisaged to provide deeper insights of the hydraulic jump value in pumping well in the loess aquifer. Herein, we discussed the research status and problems of the value, compared the differences between the analytical solution method and the empirical formula method. Subsequently, we proposed a fitting method with improvement and the tangent method to estimate the hydraulic jump value, and quantitatively analyzed the linear variation rule of the water level curve around the well. The results show that the value calculated by the traditional empirical formula was about one tenth of the theoretical value in constant flow and the water level around the well was found to be logarithmic in the range of N1∼N3. When the range was extended, the water level curve changed to a parabolic nature and power function in turn. The hydraulic jump value obtained by h-r extension of the modified water level curve fitting equation was improved greatly, and the average error was found to be less than 1 m. The stability of the hydraulic jump value using the tangent method was poor, and the estimated horizontal distance was larger than 3 m. The results show that the reliability of the improved curve fitting method was better, while the empirical formula method and the tangent method exhibited a larger error and poor stability. When the error correction was performed, the improved curve fitting method could be used to estimate the hydraulic jump value under the same conditions, and can replace the theoretical calculation value.
Simulation study on pollutant emission characteristics of 1000MW coal-fired boiler blended with sludge
Authors: Chen Linfeng , Li Fangqin , Li Kejun , Liu Xin , Cai Jianming
Published: November 2022

Fluid calculation simulation software was used to simulate the sludge blending in a 1000MW coal-fired power station boiler to study the effect of different blending ratios on the generation and emission of NOx, SO2, and CO. In this paper, the total calorific value of blending is kept constant for blending. The results show that the furnace chamber temperature decreases with increasing blending ratio. NOX concentration also decreases with increasing blending ratio. SO2 and CO concentrations gradually increase at the burner nozzle of the blended sludge, and the SO2 concentration at the furnace outlet is on the rise.
Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration zoning control method of surface water in the Haihe River Basin
Authors: Duan Maoqing , Zhang Shilu , Liu Qi , Gao Wei , Xu Mingxia , Zhang Jun
Published: November 2022

Various uncertain influencing factors and incomprehensible mechanisms have posed daunting challenges to the management and treatment of regional surface water environment quality. The unified measures and the “one-size-fits-all” management approach limit the treatment effectiveness. Therefore, considering natural and human activities which are major factors affecting the surface water environment quality, the present study proposed a set of zoning management and control schemes for nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in surface water based on its natural attributes. Selecting DEM, rainfall, vegetation type, soil type, and land use, and employing “grid transformation”, “data extraction”, “attribute superposition” of GIS software and “correlation analysis”, “cluster analysis”, and “principal component analysis” of SPSS software, the Haihe River Basin was divided into the prevention zone, the control zone, and the non-control zone with different natural attribute sets by the correlation coefficient R2 and the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution therein. Based on the nitrogen and phosphorus data of 276 surface water quality monitoring sites, the multiple nonlinear stepwise regression analysis was conducted to construct the relationship between a single water quality indicator and its natural attributes in the three zones. The results are of essential practical significance to surface water environment quality zoning management and survey in the Haihe River Basin. Meanwhile, it provides innovative insights into environmental zoning management in other regions.
Study of Unio shells in the Quaternary deposits, southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Jaberi Mohanad Hamid , Al-Saad Harith A. , Hussain Ghazi A. , Lafta Hiba Khalid
Published: November 2022

Shells are useful in evolutionary biology and paleobiology. Freshwater shells compose the main types of mollusks, and can use as a key for ecological variations. Shell samples in the present study were collected on the highway of Nasyriah city-Samawa city, southern Iraq. The study area contains a large accumulation of shells at 6-7m depths, especially at 7m depth. The main types of these shells are Unio, Corbicula, and Melanoides tuberculata. Unio was the most species common in the study area. Unio species were used to detect the paleoenvironment in Quaternary deposits, in southern Iraq. Calcite and aragonite are the common minerals in the Unio shells. According to the distribution and percentage of calcite and aragonite in the Unio shells, it was found the calcite at 6m is more than 7m, whereas the aragonite at 7m is highest compared to 6m. Under X-Ray Fluorescence analyzers, found that calcium oxide, silica, magnesium oxide, and phosphor oxide are the major oxides in the Unio shells, while Zn, Sr, Pb, and Rb are the main trace elements. Strontium (Sr) has a high concentration in the Unio shells at 7m than 6m, while magnesium (Mg) is found in a high concentration at 6m than 7m. According to trace and some of the major elements concentrations, the paleotemperature, paleosalinity, and water contamination of rivers at 6m are more than 7m, and the river water at 7m depth was fresh water with a high abundance of nutrients and climate was suitable to growth mollusks shells like Unio shells.
Management of inorganic nitrogen compounds in a closed aquaculture system during imitation for nursery of Litopenaeus vannamei under brackish condition
Authors: Huang Haihong , Li Chaoyun , Lei Yanju , Yang Pinhong
Published: November 2022

It was aimed to estimate the efficiency of management of inorganic nitrogen compounds under a closed system condition, via addition of carbon source. For this purpose, an imitation experiment for nursery of Litopeanaeus vannamei postlarvae under a brackish condition was conducted, in two closed systems with a salinity of about 18‰: systems with (CS) and without (control) addition of carbon source (molasses) at a carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) of 20:1. The levels of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN, 1.39±0.14 mg L−1), nitrite (0.023±0.003 mg L−1) and nitrate (0.49±0.06 mg L−1) in CS system were significantly lower than those in the control system (6.92±0.60, 0.809±0.050 and 2.39±0.47 mg L−1, P < 0.05). The results indicated that carbon source addition to the closed system imitating nursery of L. vannamei postlarvae under a brackish condition well managed the level of inorganic nitrogen compounds during experiment, making it possible to environment-friendly culture L. vannamei at inland areas under a closed condition.
A comparative study of evaluating the ability on Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans to remove heavy metals in water in Vietnam
Authors: An Huynh The , Yi-Ching Chen , Ngoc Bich Tran Thi
Published: November 2022

Aquatic plants have high effectiveness in removing organic and inorganic contaminants, and heavy metals. Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans are both popular plants in Vietnam, with fast growth and no need to take care of because these two plants easily live in the natural environment. The focus of this study was on the utilization of Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans to treat heavy metals in water. The research was conducted on healthy, young plants from the natural environment. Selection of qualifying plants that match the criteria, such as the absence of pests and the roots were not too old. Concentrations of 0.5 mg/L Cd, 0.5 mg/L As, 2 mg/L Pb, 5 mg/L Zn, and 5 mg/L Cu were placed in five separate pots, each containing 100 g of Eichhornia crassipes. Same as above with 100g of Enydra fluctuans in each pot. After 30 days, for all heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb, Zn, and Cu), the cleaning rates of the Eichhornia crassipes ranged from from 59.4–92.5%. The cleaning rate of Enydra fluctuans for all heavy metals ranging from 40.5 – 83.4%. Besides, Plants still grow and develop well in environments with heavy metal pollution. Based on this information, it can be inferred that Eichhornia crassipes and Enydra fluctuans are aquatic plants with a high potential to remove heavy metals in water and improve the ecological environment.
Analysis of electric energy substitution potential and research on calculation method of carbon reduction under “carbon neutrality” background
Authors: Tang Wei , Liu Zhilin , Tan Qingkun , Zhang Yu
Published: November 2022

Electric energy substitution is an important means to accelerate energy low-carbon transformation, promote sustainable socio-economic development, and achieve the goal of “carbon peak, carbon neutrality”. Firstly, this paper systematically and comprehensively combs the development status of electric energy substitution, and analyzes the outstanding problems existing in the actual work. Secondly, it analyzes the potential space of electric energy substitution, focusing on the impact of “carbon neutrality” on the development of electric energy substitution, and predicts the development trend of electric energy substitution potential. Thirdly, the calculation method for carbon reduction by electric energy substitution is proposed, and the important contribution of electric energy substitution in the implementation of the “carbon peak and carbon neutral” goal is further quantified. Finally, in order to ensure the sustainable development of electric energy substitution, relevant suggestions such as improving the market mechanism are suggested. The viewpoints and conclusions obtained from the analysis can provide theoretical support for the provinces to carry out the “carbon peak” action.
Industrial applications of the composite process “biodegradation+ activated carbon adsorption” in neutralizing the waste gas emissions
Authors: Jing Guolin , Cheng Xin , Wang Zhongqing
Published: November 2022

In order to absorb and degrade odor gas and volatile organic compounds from sewage plant of refineries, waste gas was treated by the technology of compound “biodegradation and activated carbon adsorption”. Through industrialization and production calibration, emission concentration of pollutants met the GB31571-2015 and GB14554-93, and statistics suggested the cost of utilities was 57.6 yuan per 10000m3, and fixed cost within reasonable boundaries. Therefore, this compounded technology can treat the waste gas from sewage plant of refineries.
Arboreal forests growth carbon sink and assessment of carbon storage in China’s Henan Province
Authors: Liu Bingtao , Shi Yu , Mei Naxin
Published: November 2022

Henan province is located in central China and the assessment of its arboreal forests’ carbon sink and carbon storage is important to the sustainable use of forest resources. This study used 2018 forest inventory data to estimate forest biomass and carbon storage. The results showed that: (1) By origin, the carbon storage of natural forest is lower than that of artificial forest. (2) By type, Populus L. accounted for the highest proportion, and together with the carbon storage of Mixed broadleaf and Quercus spp. accounted for 80%. The carbon density of Populus L. is the highest, and that of Cupressus funebris is the lowest. (3) By region, the carbon storage of arboreal forest in Western and southern Henan is the highest, and that in Southeast is the lowest. (4) The carbon storage of the arboreal forest has increased to 8.891 million tons which is equivalent to 32.60 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. This paper’s evaluation of carbon storage is a valuable reference to forest ecosystems in mitigating global climate change.
Study on purification performance of nitrogen and phosphorus in landscape water by enhanced combined ecological floating bed
Authors: Zhao Minjuan , Duan Yu , Zhang Huan , Liu Shanshan , Li Yuji , Xiao Lin , Zhao Youyi , Zhang Hao , Gao Tianpeng
Published: November 2022

Taking Hornwort, Hydrilla verticillata, Iris, Calamus and Loosestrife as the research objects, under the static water condition of a university landscape lake in Xi’an, the combined ecological floating bed composite system of emergent plant submerged plant matrix microorganism enhancement was constructed to carry out the simulated hydroponic experiment for the investigation of the absorption to nitrogen and phosphorus in the water and the purification ability of the ecological floating bed composite system. The results showed that: (1) The best group of combined plants in the landscape lake water was calamus + Hydrilla verticillata, and their removal rate on Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen are 92.72%, 81.26%, 68.55%, 93.69% respectively. (2) Under the composite floating bed matrix system, the optimal substrate group and ratio are ceramsite and vermiculite (1:1), and their removal rates on Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia nitrogen are 61.68%, 86.96%, 79.65%, and 78.12% respectively. (3) The best residence time of AM bacteria in the enhanced combination floating bed was 25 days, and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was 67.31% and 93.20% respectively.
Research of chlorophyll-a concentration inversion at different depths in Hong Kong offshore waters based on gaussian process regression
Authors: Zhang Jie , He Hongchang , Fan Donglin , Fu Bolin , Wang Shiwen , Dong Shundan
Published: November 2022

By inverting the changes in chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration values, seawater’s pollution level and phytoplankton’s growth can be effectively assessed. In this paper, based on Sentinel-3 OLCI remote sensing image data and actual measured chl-a concentration data, the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model was used to invert the surface chl-a concentration in Hong Kong waters in 2018, and the average R2 of GPR model inversion was 0.68. The results show a clear vertical decreasing variation feature based on the GPR model to invert the chl-a concentrations in the surface, middle, and bottom layers of Hong Kong waters month by month in 2018.
Geoinformation representation of maritime knowledge flows: new frontiers of coastalization
Authors: Mikhaylova A. , Maksimenko D. , Hvaley D. , Maksimenko M. , Mikhaylov A.
Published: November 2022

Marine and coastal economies are the drivers of growth for many nations around the world. Close proximity to the sea generates positive externalities being especially strong in coastal areas, whose effective governance is a challenge. The greatest challenge to date is ambiguity in delimitation of a coastal zone, as static criteria based on density of population and industry, are limited in our understanding of the functional connectivity of the sea and land. This article studies functional boundaries of a coastal zone by focusing on the geoinformation analysis of marine-related R&D. We hypothesize that maritime knowledge flows between the customers and contractors of R&D projects can outline the actual configuration of coastal zone in its knowledge production domain. The research data is sourced from ROSRID database of 2017-2019, covering 1,773 marine-related R&D projects funded or executed by entities located across 119 municipalities of 64 regions in Russia. The results of the study showed that maritime knowledge flows are not limited to coastal municipalities or even coastal regions. Some research areas, such as Fisheries, aquaculture and marine life studies, are more localized in coastal zones than others, although featuring an overall strong interconnectedness between inland and coastal territories. Functional delimitation of coastal zone management areas using dynamic data on spatial networks can enhance the effectiveness of coastal zone management.
Earthworm invasion in Chayu River valley of Tibet under climate change
Authors: Jin Mingyue , Hou Lei , Ren Yihua , Zhou Yaozhi
Published: November 2022

Climate change affects biological invasion. To understand the invasion pattern of alien species of earthworm in Gongrigabu river watershed of Chayu river in Tibet under climate change, the participate rural appraise (PRA) was applied to investigate and analyze the peasant’s perception of the appearance time and harm of alien species of earthworm in 13 villages. The results showed that the local climate was warming and drying, and climate warming was the main reason for the invasion of alien species of earthworms. Since the appearance of alien species of earthworm at an altitude of 1528 m in 2008, they had invaded the upstream area at a climbing speed of 71.43 m·a-1 and had been outbreaking in areas below 2028 m. For the climate change adaptation measures, the local peasants should change the crop layout.
Research on ice characteristics in Bohai Bay, China based on Multi-source remote sensing images
Authors: Li Huaiyuan , Qin Longkun , Han Zhiyuan
Published: November 2022

Sea ice area accounts for about 22.9% of the global ocean area, so the research of ice plays an important role in the marine field. The ice data that can be obtained by means of site investigation is very limited, and remote sensing means has unique advantages in large-scale and multi-element feature extraction. Especially in recent years, the available remote sensing image data is becoming more and more abundant, which makes it an important supplementary data for ice research. In this paper, we took the typical sea area of Bohai Bay in China as an example, analyzed the overall characteristics of the ice condition in the target sea area by collecting the winter remote sensing image data in recent 8 years. By using the methods of target recognition, edge detection and time series analysis, four main characteristics of the ice blocks were extracted: time characteristics, spatial characteristics, scale characteristics and motion characteristics. The results enriched the research data of ice condition in the target sea area.
Spatial-Temporal distribution of cloud covers over China during 2001-2020
Authors: Shuai Yanmin , Cao Yingxin , Shao Congying , Wu Mengjin , Ma Yu
Published: November 2022

Information of cloud covers is the essential parameter to help better understand weather, climate, water cycle, and solar energy variation of the land surface, as well as the organization of effective satellite-based observations for numerous surface monitoring applications. Compared with traditional cloud information collected by limited ground stations, satellite remote sensing provides the opportunity to investigate the spatiotemporal features of cloud covers from above with actual measurements over global or regional scale. Few previous studies have explored the various cloud types globally or across China. In this work, the 20-year spatial and temporal distribution features and trends of various cloud types (clouds, cloud shadows and cirrus clouds) in China from 2001 to 2020 were investigated using MODIS daily surface reflectance product. Our results showed that: In terms of overall spatial distribution, the southeast was cloudy year-round with up to 75% cloud cover, while the northwest arid zone was mostly clear skies. Cloud shadows were mainly concentrated on complex undulating surfaces composed of high mountains, and cirrus clouds were mostly distributed in the northern regions of high latitudes. In recent 20 years, clouds showed a downward trend in North China, with an annual decreasing rate of more than 0.5% in Inner Mongolia, and a significant increasing trend of up to 0.6% in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Cloud shadows had little change in trend in most parts of China. Cirrus clouds had a decreasing trend in most areas, especially in the Greater Khingan Mountains, where the decrease can reach 0.6%.
Case study on the effectiveness of Agrometeorological Proverbs
Authors: Chen Shuo , Liu Yize , Shuai Yanmin , Shao Congying , Tian Yanjun
Published: November 2022

Many agrometeorological proverbs unique created by Chinese ancestors imply the relationship between universe, season, climate and agriculture events, which have been past considered as the valuable weather calendar to guide the agriculture events in China for thousands of years. And subject to the variation among various regions with distinguished climate or agricultural conditions, there is a requirement to examine the scientificity and applicability of agrometeorological proverbs before guiding the agriculture management. Based on the daily meteorological data of 206 meteorological stations in the Yangtze River Basin from 1966 to 2019, this paper explored the scientificity of meteorological knowledge embedded in meteorological proverbs “The Beginning of Spring at both ends resulting in hot in the dog days” and their applicability in the context of climate change. The study firstly investigated the warming rate based on the least-square method to fit the temperature data curves of the Beginning of Spring- Minor Heat in the Beginning of Spring at both Ends Years (BSEY) and Normal Years (NY), and to classify the “Fast Warming” (FW) temporal period according to the criteria that the days with a slope of warming of BSEY is greater than the slope of warming of NY in a certain temporal period, which accounts for more than 65% of the total number of days in the temporal period; Furthermore, the differences between BSEY and NY in the “Hot Dog Days ”(HDD) phase were compared and analyzed according to the inter-decadal precipitation and the different “ Heat levels” criteria defined by the difference of the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) between the two years. Results shows that: (1) all regions in the Yangtze River basin, except for the plateau areas, are in line with the “FW” characteristic, accounting for 69% of the Yangtze River basin area, and the temporal period in which the “FW” characteristic appears (46 days after the Beginning of Spring) is before the the Spring Equinox. (2) There are areas in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin that meet the “HDD” characteristics, with the strongest compliance in the lower reaches, accounting for 90% of the lower reaches, and differences in the non-compliant areas, except for the Qinghai-Tibetan alpine region, mainly due to the influence of mountain ranges and other topography. In summary, the proverb is suitable for the main circulation regions in terms of applicability, and meteorological knowledge behind the proverb is also scientificity appropriate in the region where it is used. Meanwhile, this study can provide a reference for future policy development, agriculture-related research, and proper arrangement of agricultural production.
Research on goaf treatment and geothermal comprehensive utilization technology in coal mining subsidence area
Authors: Yang Yu , Li Bo
Published: November 2022

Goaf treatment and comprehensive utilization of geothermal energy are great significance to the restoration of land resources and sustainable development of energy in coal mining subsidence areas. In this paper, goaf treatment technology and geothermal energy development technology are reviewed in detail. Among them, the goaf treatment technology mainly includes: caving treatment method, filling treatment method, support method, closed isolation method and joint treatment method. Geothermal development technology mainly includes: shallow ground source heat pump technology, coaxial casing development technology, pumping and reinjection technology, directional drilling technology, U-type precision docking drilling technology. The systematic idea of filling treatment and geothermal comprehensive utilization in coal mining subsidence area is proposed, and the technology is described in detail through three cases. The research results can provide innovative inspiration for subsidence control and comprehensive utilization of geothermal energy in coal mining subsidence area, and has broad application prospects.
Shallow geological structures building by joint waveform inversion based on curvelet decomposition
Authors: Zhang Chao , Meng Qingxiang
Published: November 2022

Shallow geological imaging structures often play an essential role in the field of environmental and engineering geophysics. Early arrival waveform inversion (EWI) is high-resolution method to imaging near-surface structures. We proposed a joint waveform and envelope inversion method based on curvelet transform (CJWEI) to build shallow geological structures. By taking advantage of their complementary sensitivities to near-surface structure, we can constrain both low- and high-wavenumber components of structures, as well as mitigating the cycle-skipping problem. Curvelet transform was used to decompose seismic data into different scales and provide a multi-scale inversion strategy to further reduce non-uniqueness of the inversion. With synthetic test, we demonstrate that our method can constrain the anomalies and hidden layers in the shallow structure more efficiently as well as robust in terms of noise.
Effects of lime nitrogen on the fungi community of tobacco soil and its correlation analysis
Authors: Zhang Susu , Chen Yulan , Tuo Yangyang , Li Hongli , Wang Yan
Published: November 2022

Soil microorganisms are closely related to soil environmental factors. To explore the effects of lime nitrogen, lime nitrogen combined with biocontrol agents on soil environmental factors and fungi and their correlation in tobacco fields, four treatments were set: 1_1: control group; 1_2: biocontrol agents group; 1_3: lime nitrogen group; 1_4: lime nitrogen with biocontrol agents group. Soil samples were taken during four growth periods of tobacco plants, and fungi were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that both 1_3 and 1_4 group increased the soil pH, OM, available nutrients, effective copper, available zinc, fungi richness and diversity of vigorous and maturity stage, urease, acid phosphatase, invertase activity, flue-cured tobacco economic characteristics, and the relative abundance of beneficial fungi such as Chaetomium, Solicoccozyma of maturity stage. At maturity stage, available zinc, available nitrogen, urease activity was significantly positively correlated with Chaetomium; Invertase activity showed significantly positive correlation with Solicoccozyma. In short, both 1_2 and 1_3 group improved physicochemical properties, more enzyme activity of the soil, which were significantly positively correlation with some beneficial fungi. Therefore, the relative abundance of certain beneficial fungi increased so that the disease resistance of tobacco plant was improved and flue-cured tobacco economic characters were better.
Interannual variation trend of hail days in hail prone areas in Xinjiang
Authors: Fan Hongyun , Wang Xi , Zhou Liping
Published: November 2022

Hail causes significant agricultural losses in Xinjiang every year, and the study of interannual variation of hail days and its causes can provide a climatic background for hail warning and defense. This study analyzes the trends and abrupt changes in the interannual variability of hail days in the areas with frequent hail using linear trend analysis and abrupt climate change detection methods, and explains the climatic causes of these trends using atmospheric stability. The results show that areas with frequent hails in Xinjiang are located on both sides of the Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent areas, and area with the most to the fewest hail days are in the following order: Zhaosu and Bayinbruck on the Alpine Platform, Aksu region on the south side of the Tianshan Mountains, and Bortala and Kuy-Ma Basin on the north side of the Tianshan Mountains. The interannual variation of hail days in Aksu region, Bortala and Kuy-Ma Basin from 1961 - 2016 shows a linear increasing trend, but the increase is small, only 0.2 - 0.4 d per 10 a, which is contrary to the conclusion of previous studies where the number of hail days in the Chinese region showed a decreasing trend; whereas the Alpine Platforms shows a linear decreasing trend with a larger decrease of 2.5 d per 10 a. The annual number of hail days on the Alpine Platform changed abruptly in 1993 and in the Aksu region in 1978. The linear increase (decrease) in the interannual variation of the warm season modified total index leads to a linear increase (decrease) in the number of hail days on both sides of the Tianshan Mountains and on the Alpine Platform. The trend of interannual variation in the number of hail days in the hail-prone areas in Xinjiang depends on the altitude of the elevation, with a decreasing trend at higher elevations and an increasing trend at lower elevations.
Research on intelligent building greenhouse plant factory and “3-Positions and 1-Entity” development mode
Authors: Wang Xinfa , Zubko Vladislav , Onychko Viktor , Wu Zhenwei , Zhao Mingfu
Published: November 2022

After continuous development and evolution, the plant growth greenhouse has developed from the original heat preservation and moisture film cover to the present multi-cross intelligent solar greenhouse, which has played an important social value in agricultural production. However, in terms of the form of the greenhouse, it has not kept pace with the pace of social development, far from meeting the needs of environmental protection, energy saving, stable, intelligent, long-term use. With the wide application of big data, artificial intelligence, block chain, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other intelligent technologies in agriculture, as well as the rapid development of soilless culture and artificial light of plant lighting technology, the intelligent building greenhouse based on modern building technology can not only completely get rid of geographical location and regional climate conditions, but also durable to achieve long-term use standards and facilitate the deployment of intelligent operation equipment, which will become a more advanced and high-end form of intelligent plant greenhouse. Therefore, this paper defines the concept of “building greenhouse” for the first time, preliminarily discusses the construction idea of “intelligent building greenhouse plant factory”, and puts forward the suggestion of “trinity” new development mode, in order to play a pioneer role. With the proposal of “intelligent building greenhouse plant factory”, we firmly believe that the intelligent building greenhouse plant factory will gradually gain social recognition and get rapid development under the promotion of the “trinity” development mode. It can be predicted that skyscrapers style “Intelligent building greenhouse plant factory” will be everywhere in the foreseeable future, no matter in the heart of the city and other extreme weather conditions desert, ruin. In the future, people living near plant factories will be able to breathe oxygen-rich air, eat clean vegetables from nearby plant factories, and enjoy a high-quality and healthy life brought by abundant fresh plant food. What’s more, the intelligent building greenhouse plant factory can better the environment of our earth to a certain extent, improve its carrying capacity, alleviate the food panic caused by outbreaks or disasters, local unrest to consolidate food security, intensive and efficient use of cultivated land resources, and rich people’s pursuit of healthy plant food raw materials.
Hydrogeological studies in the São Torcato Zone -Tabuaço with aim of optimizing the location of a special groundwater abstraction to plan a new Medical Spa in Portugal
Authors: Ferreira-Gomes L M , Machado Fonseca A M , Andrade Pais L J , Carvalho P E M
Published: November 2022

The present work presents a case study, to evaluate the possibility that in an area of the territory of the interior of Portugal, there is potential for capturing special groundwater that allows its classification as natural mineral water for thermalism. In this sense, after an initial part, with the framing of the theme and the presentation of the work methodology, the geomorphological and geological elements are shown, giving more development to the hydrogeological aspects, highlighting the results of the monthly sequential hydrological balance, namely its annual surplus, crossing it with the groundwater sampling sites, and still, the existing aquifer systems and the characteristics of their waters are identified. As a main result, the conceptual geohydraulic model of the region is presented, to show that in the São Torcato zone, and particularly in the Qta do Plácido zone, there is the possibility of exploiting groundwater in an aquifer system of granitic rocks, from fissural type, which is supplied from relatively distant areas, in hydrographical basins other than São Torcato basin, provided relatively deep boreholes are to be drilled. Finally, the main conclusions are synthesized, pointing out the most favorable area to carry out groundwater abstraction with the potential to have stability and quality suitable for a medical spa. It should be noted that these elements are only previous studies, which should be considered as initial contributions, and that further work should be carried out in the future, including geophysical studies and mechanical drilling, flow tests, as well as, among others, isotopic studies in the waters of the region to assess the recharge areas and available reserves.
Estimation of forest carbon storage and carbon sink potential in Yunnan Province under the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”
Authors: Li Long , Fu Wei , Luo Mingcan , Chen Jiancheng , Li Zhongming
Published: November 2022

Through the accounting of forest carbon reserves and resource value in Yunnan Province, the future forest carbon reserves and carbon sink potential in Yunnan Province are predicted. Using the forest stock expansion method, the forest carbon reserves and their changes in Yunnan Province from 1973 to 2018 are calculated. The GM (1,1) grey prediction model predicts the forest carbon sequestration potential in Yunnan Province. The results show that: (1) the forest carbon storage in Yunnan Province increased from 485.43 million t in 1976 to 937.01 million t in 2018, an increase of 1.9 times, with an average annual growth of 10.50 million t. In 2018, the value of forest carbon reserves was 94062.92 million yuan. (2) The forest carbon sequestration in Yunnan Province varies significantly in different periods. Between 1973-1998 and 1999-2018, the average carbon sequestration was 6.22 million T / A and 16.36 million T / A respectively. (3) The predicted values of forest carbon reserves in 2023, 2028 and 2033 in Yunnan Province are 1001.41 million t, 1103.66 million t and 1216.34 million t respectively, with an average annual increase of carbon sequestration of 17.46 million T / A. According to the research results, the forest area and the carbon storage of forest resources of Yunnan Province is increasing. forest carbon sequestration in Yunnan Province has excellent development potential, and plays a more significant role in forestry carbon sequestration for the realization of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goal.
Analysis of the current situation and suggestion of countermeasures for international standardization for power grid industry of China
Authors: Zhang Cai , Huang Yuanping , Zhao Xiaoming , Cao Lan , Zhao Liming , Lou Chaoyan , Zhang Pengyue
Published: November 2022

Facing the rapid development of China’s power industry, China actively participates in the formulation and revision of international standardization and promotes the internationalization of standards in the field of power grid. But at the same time, there are also some problems in the power grid industry, such as imperfect domestic organization and insufficient international recognition of standards. Through literature investigation and statistical analysis, starting with the current situation of standardization in China’s power grid industry, this paper discusses how to promote the establishment of better international technology and path of standards in China. Based on the discussion, promote the deep integration of standards and technology, actively carry out multi-party cooperation between industry, University and research, accelerate the cultivation of standardized talents, and realize the international cooperation of standards to a new level. Promote the research on the internationalization of standards in China’s power grid field, and make suggestions for the standardization development of China’s power grid industry, so as to promote China’s power grid industry and market to better respond to opportunities and challenges, and promote the improvement of China’s international influence and competitiveness in the power grid field.