bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Simultaneous Imaging Scheme of Stationary Clutter and Moving Targets for Maritime Scenarios with the First Chinese Dual-Channel Spaceborne SAR Sensor
Authors: Yang Junying , Qiu Xiaolan , Zhong Lihua , Shang Mingyang , Ding Chibiao
Published: September 2019

The technique of azimuth multichannel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system has become a potential solution to the irreconcilable conflict between high-resolution and wide-swath (HRWS) confronted with in a traditional SAR system. Unambiguous imaging, especially for a scene with moving targets, is one of the crucial research topics in the HRWS SAR system. This paper proposes a simultaneous imaging scheme of moving targets and stationary clutter for maritime scenarios. First, the moving target echoes are extracted from the stationary clutter. After that, two methods working in completely different principles are used to estimate the radial velocity of each moving target, and the estimated result is used for phase compensation. After that, the moving target echoes are added back to the stationary scene echo and sent to the reconstruction filter. Lastly, the reconstructed echo can be processed by the classical Chirp Scaling (CS) algorithm. Experiments are carried out using the Chinese GaoFen-3 dual-channel data. The estimated velocities of the moving targets are verified by automatic identification service (AIS) information, and the imaging results show that the false targets are effectively suppressed and the moving targets also return to their correct positions along the azimuth.
Comparison and Assessment of Regional and Global Land Cover Datasets for Use in CLASS over Canada
Authors: Wang Libo , Bartlett Paul , Pouliot Darren , Chan Ed , Lamarche Céline , Wulder Michael A. , Defourny Pierre , Brady Mike
Published: September 2019

Global land cover information is required to initialize land surface and Earth system models. In recent years, new land cover (LC) datasets at finer spatial resolutions have become available while those currently implemented in most models are outdated. This study assesses the applicability of the Climate Change Initiative (CCI) LC product for use in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) through comparison with finer resolution datasets over Canada, assisted with reference sample data and a vegetation continuous field tree cover fraction dataset. The results show that in comparison with the finer resolution maps over Canada, the 300 m CCI product provides much improved LC distribution over that from the 1 km GLC2000 dataset currently used to provide initial surface conditions in CLASS. However, the CCI dataset appears to overestimate needleleaf forest cover especially in the taiga-tundra transition zone of northwestern Canada. This may have partly resulted from limited availability of clear sky MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) images used to generate the CCI classification maps due to the long snow cover season in Canada. In addition, changes based on the CCI time series are not always consistent with those from the MODIS or a Landsat-based forest cover change dataset, especially prior to 2003 when only coarse spatial resolution satellite data were available for change detection in the CCI product. It will be helpful for application in global simulations to determine whether these results also apply to other regions with similar landscapes, such as Eurasia. Nevertheless, the detailed LC classes and finer spatial resolution in the CCI dataset provide an improved reference map for use in land surface models in Canada. The results also suggest that uncertainties in the current cross-walking tables are a major source of the often large differences in the plant functional types (PFT) maps, and should be an area of focus in future work.
A Durkheimian Theorization of Scottish Suicide Rates, 2011–2017
Authors: Holligan Chris , McLean Robert
Published: September 2019

This article examines recent aggregate statistical data generated by Scottish Government medical bodies concerning suicide rates and the social contexts of those who die by suicide. It compares rates and trends with international studies. Inherent in the data sets explored are indications suggesting that suicide is patterned by variables such as gender, employment, class and marital status. Neoliberalism increases social disparities that influence patterns of suicide, resulting in anomie and alienation, disproportionately impacting the already disenfranchised. Using recent statistical data (2011–2017), the article offers a theorization of suicide through the lens of Emile Durkheim’s social causation model of suicide. Suicide is associated with risk factors inherent in social structures and political processes.
How to Attract Talented Expatriates: The Key Role of Sustainable HRM
Authors: Hong Gahye , Kim Eunmi
Published: September 2019

Retaining talented expatriates is important for multinational enterprises (MNEs) to maintain knowledge sustainability between their headquarters (HQ) and subsidiaries. However, depending on the host country image of a subsidiary, the attractiveness of the subsidiary may make it challenging to recruit prospective expatriates. Based on the sustainable human resource management (HRM) perspective, this study examines the direct effect of the host country image of a subsidiary and the moderating effect of family support policies on a subsidiary’s attractiveness, by comparing subsidiaries in the US and Vietnam. The results are based on data from 434 Korean potential expatriate applicants and show that the host country image of a subsidiary has a direct effect on the subsidiary’s attractiveness. Specifically, expatriate applicants are less attracted to a Vietnam-based subsidiary than to a US-based one. Further, the positive moderating effect of family support policies on subsidiary attractiveness is more relevant for the Vietnam-based subsidiary. This result suggests that family support policies can be a key strategy for overcoming the less preferred host country images of subsidiaries in emerging markets, thus improving subsidiary sustainability in the long term. The implications of these findings are provided in the context of sustainable HRM and the existing expatriate literature.
Sustainable Business Models through the Lens of Organizational Design: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Lemus-Aguilar Isaac , Morales-Alonso Gustavo , Ramirez-Portilla Andres , Hidalgo Antonio
Published: September 2019

The interest in sustainable business models has grown rapidly in recent years. Although some progress has been made in identifying this concept and making the practices more sustainable, little is known about the organizational design that is most appropriate for creating new business models or implementing changes in existing ones towards a sustainability approach. This paper presents a review of sustainable business models in terms of the key factors that influence firm design based on organization theory. We retrieved 394 Journal Citation Reports papers from the WoK and Scopus databases, identifying 19 papers that have addressed the interplay between both constructs. We used the Galbraith Star Model to analyze the selected papers. We discuss three key findings for the cross-fertilization of both literatures: (i) the extension of the design elements outside the firm boundaries at the inter-organizational and ecosystem levels; (ii) the emphasis on certain design elements (strategy, process, people, structure) rather than others (rewards); and (iii) the use of the organizational design construct as a tactic tool for strategy execution of the sustainable business model. We also present theoretical and practical implications for the use and further development of this framework, as well as future avenues of research.
Risk Assessment of Additional Works in Railway Construction Investments Using the Bayes Network
Authors: Leśniak Agnieszka , Janowiec Filip
Published: September 2019

The implementation of railway infrastructure construction projects including sustainable development goals is a complex process characterized by a significant extension of individual investment stages. The need for additional works has a big impact on construction railway projects, representing a risk which is the result of many different factors. During the execution of works, both the design assumptions and the conditions of the project’s implementation can be changed. An attempt to eliminate potential risks is a key element of construction projects. The article proposes a proprietary management method for the risk of additional works in railway projects. A methodology for creating risk management strategies using a standard algorithm that includes risk identification, risk analysis, and risk assessment is presented. The original elements of the work include risk identification followed by analysis using Bayesian networks. Using the example of a scenario of events, it is shown that a well-programmed network can be used to implement risk mitigation methods. Using the network, it is possible to compare different ways to reduce risk, check the effect of reducing the risk factors, and determine a satisfactory level of effects, e.g., increased financial resources as a result of additional works.
Delineating Urban Growth Boundaries with Ecosystem Service Evaluation
Authors: Wei Fang , Zhan Xiaowen
Published: September 2019

China’s rapid urbanization over the past decades has been accompanied by ecological deterioration. This decline in the provision of vital ecosystem services now poses a significant threat to urban area sustainability. Accordingly, the evaluation of ecosystem services has gained greater importance in ecological and sustainable development over the past decade. However, little information about ecosystem services is factored into urban planning and management decisions and limited studies to date have incorporated conservation prioritization when making decisions about urban growth boundaries. In this study, we proposed an initial framework to illustrate its application in Hangzhou. We modeled and mapped five ecosystem services (i.e., habitat quality as a proxy of biodiversity, carbon storage, water yield, sediment retention, nutrient retention) using the InVEST model and evaluated the overlaps among them. Zonation, a systematic conservation planning tool, was applied to explicitly spatialize conservation prioritization, and we proposed an analytical framework to define priority areas for ecosystem services conservation and delineated a rigid urban growth boundary. Our study integrated ecosystem service evaluations into the urban land-use decision-making process and addressed compromises in decisions regarding conservation prioritization.
Objective Measurement of the Mode of Commuting to School Using GPS: A Pilot Study
Authors: Villa-González Emilio , Rosado-López Sergio , Barranco-Ruiz Yaira , Herrador-Colmenero Manuel , Cadenas-Sánchez Cristina , Santos Maria Paula , Chillón Palma
Published: September 2019

Background and objectives: Active commuting to school (ACS) is a promising strategy to increase the daily physical activity (PA) in youths. However, more studies are required to objectively quantify the mode of commuting to school, as well as the health impact of this behavior. Thus, the aims of this study were: (1) to objectively determine the mode of commuting to school using GPS; (2) to quantify the sedentary time, PA levels, energy expenditure, and the steps derived from each mode of commuting; and (3) to analyze the associations between ACS trips and sedentary time, PA, energy expenditure, and steps. Participants and Methods: A total of 180 trips to school were detected, which corresponded to 18 adolescents (12 girls, mean age = 15 ± 0.0 years old). Mode of commuting to school was detected using a novel method merging GPS data in the Personal Activity Location Measurement System (PALMS), whereas sedentary time, PA levels, energy expenditure, and steps were objectively evaluated through accelerometry. Logistic regressions were used to analyze the associations of these variables with walking trips. Results: A total of 115 trips were recorded. Most trips were performed by walk (49.5%), followed by vehicle (39.1%) and mixed transport (11.3%). In the active school trips, youths were less likely to spend minutes in sedentary behaviors (OR: 0.481, p = 0.038), a higher increase on Metabolic-Equivalent of Task (METs) (OR: 5.497, p = 0.013), and greater steps (OR: 1.004, p = 0.029) than in the passive school trips (both active and passive modes were objectively measured). Conclusions: ACS (mainly walking) contribute to higher METs and steps in adolescents. GPS could be an appropriate method to objectively evaluate the PA variables related to the ACS trips.
Effect of Stand Density and Soil Layer on Soil Nutrients of a 37-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantation in Naxi, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Lei Jie , Du Hailun , Duan Aiguo , Zhang Jianguo
Published: September 2019

In order to study the characteristics of soil nutrient elements and the changes in biomass under different densities and soil layers of forest stand, this paper considers Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) density test forests with five densities (A: 1667 trees·ha−1; B: 3333 trees·ha−1; C: 5000 trees·ha−1; D: 6667 trees·ha−1; E: 10,000 trees·ha−1) as the research objects, located in Naxi District, Sichuan Province, China. Eleven soil physical and chemical property indicators, understory vegetation, and litter biomass were measured. The results were as follows: (1) The stand density had a significant effect on the soil nutrient content, understory vegetation, and litter biomass. A low density is conducive to the accumulation of soil organic matter, hydrolytic N, available P, available K, and total Ca. (2) With the increase in soil depth, the contents of soil organic matter, total N, hydrolytic N, and total P decreased gradually; pH and total Ca decreased gradually; and available P showed a trend of decrease-up-decrease. The soil layers had no significant effect on the total K, total Fe, and total Mg concentrations. (3) Low density (density A or B) was found to be beneficial to the growth of undergrowth vegetation and forest trees, the return of nutrients, long-term soil maintenance, and the stable high yield of Chinese fir plantations.
A New Extension to a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model for Sustainable Supplier Selection under an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Phochanikorn Patchara , Tan Chunqiao
Published: September 2019

The increase of environmental pollution has led to the rise of sustainable awareness in recent years. This trend has motivated various industries to recognize the importance of implementing sustainable supply chain practices to seek economic, environmental and social advantages. From a sustainability perspective, selecting a suitable supplier is the main component of modern enterprises. It is also a challenging problem since several criteria concerning supplier selection are interdependent with a complex character. Therefore, the contribution of this paper is a new extension to multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) under an intuitionistic fuzzy environment for sustainable supplier selection (SSS) based on sustainable supply chain management SSCM practices. It consists of intuitionistic fuzzy set theory (IFS) with a decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) combined with an analytic network process (ANP) to identify uncertainties and interdependencies among criteria as well as analyzing the criteria weights. We modified Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) to evaluate and rank the desired level of sustainable supplier performance. The suggested approach is conducted by a case study from the Thailand palm oil industry. Results show that the proposed model not only can find the most suitable sustainable supplier, but also the enterprises can aid their suppliers in improving sustainability by using the proposed method and can improve enterprises’ socio-environmental performance, which is key to achieving sustainable development.
The Derivation of Cooling Set-Point Temperature in an HVAC System, Considering Mean Radiant Temperature
Authors: Han Jinmog , Bae Jongkyun , Jang Jihoon , Baek Jumi , Leigh Seung-Bok
Published: September 2019

Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems usually have a set-point temperature control feature that uses the indoor dry-bulb temperature to control the indoor environment. However, an incorrect set-point temperature can reduce thermal comfort and result in unnecessary energy consumption. This study focuses on a derivation method for the optimal cooling set-point temperature of an HVAC system used in office buildings, considering the thermal characteristics and daily changes in the weather conditions, to establish a comfortable indoor environment and minimize unnecessary energy consumption. The operative temperature is used in the HVAC system control, and the mean radiant temperature is predicted with 94% accuracy through a multiple regression analysis by applying the indoor thermal environment data and weather information. The regression equation was utilized to create an additional equation to calculate the optimal set-point temperature. The simulation results indicate that the HVAC system control with the new set-point temperatures calculated from the derived equation improves thermal comfort by 38.5% (26%p). This study confirmed that a cooling set-point temperature that considers both the thermal characteristics of a building and weather conditions is effective in enhancing the indoor thermal comfort during summer.
Natural Disasters, Public Policies, Family Characteristics, or Livelihood Assets? The Driving Factors of Farmers’ Livelihood Strategy Choices in a Nature Reserve
Authors: Yang Lun , Liu Moucheng , Min Qingwen
Published: September 2019

Based on the summarization of previous studies, this paper constructed an analytical model on the driving factors on the choice of farmers’ livelihood strategies in nature reserves, covering the aspects of natural disasters, public policies, family characteristics, and livelihood assets, and this paper took Zhagana Village in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example to conduct an empirical study. The empirical results show that non-agricultural production strategies, especially a tourism-oriented strategy, are currently the primary livelihood preference for households in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. During the process of livelihood strategy selection, households are influenced by exogenous factors like public policies and natural disasters, as well as by endogenous factors like family characteristics and livelihood assets. Among these factors, the soil erosion as well as the tourism development policy would be the restrictive factors when choosing an agricultural production strategy, or the incentive factors if a non-agricultural production strategy were to be chosen. Meanwhile, anti-poverty development policy, location characteristic, and economic characteristic are the incentive factors for households who want to choose an agricultural production strategy, or the restrictive factors if they would like to select a non-agricultural production strategy.
Analysis of Network Structure of Urban Bike-Sharing System: A Case Study Based on Real-Time Data of a Public Bicycle System
Authors: Yao Yi , Zhang Yifang , Tian Lixin , Zhou Nianxing , Li Zhilin , Wang Minggang
Published: September 2019

To better understand the characteristics of a bike-sharing system, we applied complex network methods to analyze the relationship between stations within the bike-sharing system. Firstly, using Gephi software, we constructed the public bicycle networks of different urban areas based on the real-time data of the Nanjing public bicycle system. Secondly, we analyzed and compared degree, strength, radiation distance, and community structure of the networks to understand the internal relations of the public bicycle system. The results showed that there were many stations with low usage of public bicycles. Furthermore, there was a geographical division between high-demand and low-demand areas for public bicycles. The usage of public bicycles at a station was not only related to land use but also related to the usage of bicycles at stations nearby. Moreover, the average service coverage of the public bicycle system was consistent with the original intention of “the first and last mile”, and public bicycles could meet different travel needs.
Historical H1N1 Influenza Virus Imprinting Increases Vaccine Protection by Influencing the Activity and Sustained Production of Antibodies Elicited at Vaccination in Ferrets
Authors: Francis Magen E. , McNeil Mara , Dawe Nicholas J. , Foley Mary K. , King Morgan L. , Ross Ted M. , Kelvin Alyson A.
Published: September 2019

Influenza virus imprinting is now understood to significantly influence the immune responses and clinical outcome of influenza virus infections that occur later in life. Due to the yearly cycling of influenza viruses, humans are imprinted with the circulating virus of their birth year and subsequently build a complex influenza virus immune history. Despite this knowledge, little is known about how the imprinting strain influences vaccine responses. To investigate the immune responses of the imprinted host to split-virion vaccination, we imprinted ferrets with a sublethal dose of the historical seasonal H1N1 strain A/USSR/90/1977. After a +60-day recovery period to build immune memory, ferrets were immunized and then challenged on Day 123. Antibody specificity and recall were investigated throughout the time course. At challenge, the imprinted vaccinated ferrets did not experience significant disease, while naïve-vaccinated ferrets had significant weight loss. Haemagglutination inhibition assays showed that imprinted ferrets had a more robust antibody response post vaccination and increased virus neutralization activity. Imprinted-vaccinated animals had increased virus-specific IgG antibodies compared to the other experimental groups, suggesting B-cell maturity and plasticity at vaccination. These results should be considered when designing the next generation of influenza vaccines.
A Modified IHACRES Rainfall-Runoff Model for Predicting the Hydrologic Response of a River Basin Connected with a Deep Groundwater Aquifer
Authors: Borzì Iolanda , Bonaccorso Brunella , Fiori Aldo
Published: September 2019

A flow regime is influenced by the degree of hydrologic connection between surface water and groundwater. As this connection becomes more transient and the basin’s runoff response more non-linear, such as for intermittent streams, the need for explicit representation of the groundwater component increases. The present study investigates the connection between Northern Etna groundwater system and the Alcantara river basin in Sicily (Italy). In particular, the upstream part of the basin, whose flow regime is essentially intermittent, is modeled through a modified version of the IHACRES rainfall-runoff model. The structure of the model includes a routing module formulated as a two-store model, with the upper store simulating the quick component of the runoff and recharging the lower store which, in turn, describes the slow component of the runoff and the groundwater extraction and losses. Both stores are conceptualized as simple linear reservoirs, with the lower one that maintains a continuous water balance account of groundwater storage volumes for the upstream basin area with respect to a control cross-section, assumed to be the stream gauging station. The model is calibrated at Moio Alcantara cross-section, where daily streamflow data are available. Model calibration and validation are carried out for the period 1980–1984 and 1986–1988, respectively. A first-order analysis is also performed to assess the sensitivity of model parameters. The adopted configuration is shown to improve model performance with respect to the original IHACRES model, with the proposed formulation able to better capture the interactions between the aquifer and the river.
Developing Strategy for Water Conflict Management and Transformation at Euphrates–Tigris Basin
Authors: Al-Muqdadi Sameh W. H.
Published: September 2019

Developing water technology and management systems is not sufficient to cope with the water shortage, where political decisions might be considered as a critical element in this context. The Euphrates–Tigris basin has been suffering for decades from political instability and mismanagement. The tension over the water allocation that was on the negotiating table since the 1960s ended with no substantial agreement between the riparian countries (Iraq, Turkey and Syria). The objective is to evaluate the impact of the political dimension by creating a conceptual model for the hydropolitical cycle, addressing the importance of the negotiation concepts to reach an agreement; the research also aims to develop a strategy that might support the transformation from conflict to collaboration. The approaches of situation map and systems thinking have been implemented to build the model. The tools of negotiation skills have been adopted to assist the water conflict. The results describe the challenges within different levels and demonstrating the hydropolitical cycle and adding a sustain toolkit to the theory of water conflict and transformation management. Moreover, the paper produces the structure and workflow of establishing the Global Water Security Council.
Dam Effects on Downstream Riparian Wetlands: The Nenjiang River, Northeast China
Authors: Zheng Yuexin , Zhang Guangxin , Wu Yanfeng , Xu Y. Jun , Dai Changlei
Published: September 2019

Many studies have found that damming a river can change downstream hydrology, sediment transport, channel morphology, and fish habitat. However, little is known about river dam effects on downstream riparian wetland dynamics and their quantitative relationship with hydrological alterations. In this study, hydrological time series and wetland distribution data spanning nearly 40 years (1978–2016) before and after the construction of a large dam in 2005 across the Nenjiang River in Northeast China were used to reveal the impact of dam on the downstream discharge regime and wetland degradation. Hydro-statistical and stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to quantify the relationship of riparian wetland area with a metrics of 33 hydrological indicators. Dam construction caused decline in peak discharge, flood frequency, and magnitude. Moreover, 150 km riparian wetlands along the downstream of the dam was largely reduced. The count and duration of high flow pulses, 1-day maximum, and date of maximum discharge changed significantly after the dam construction. The hydrological changes have made a significant contribution to the 44% reduction in riparian wetlands following the dam construction. Our results indicated that hydrological alterations caused by dam regulation led to the area reduction of downstream riparian wetlands. The findings provide relevant information for developing best dam operation practices to protect and restore downstream wetland ecosystems.
An Integrated Approach for Constraining Depositional Zones in a Tide-Influenced River: Insights from the Gorai River, Southwest Bangladesh
Authors: Bomer Edwin J. , Wilson Carol A. , Datta Dilip K.
Published: September 2019

The tidal to fluvial transition (TFT) of estuaries and coastal rivers is one of the most complex environments on Earth with respect to the transportation and deposition of sediment, owing in large part to competing fluvial and marine processes. While there have been recent advances in the stratigraphic understanding of the TFT, it is still unclear whether these findings are site-specific or representative of mixed tidal-fluvial systems worldwide. Yet, research from this depositional domain holds profound societal and economic importance. For instance, understanding the underlying stratigraphic architecture of channel margins is critical for assessing geomorphic change for fluvio-deltaic settings, which are generally vulnerable to lateral channel migration and resultant erosion. Findings would also benefit paleo-geographic reconstructions of ancient tide-influenced successions and provide an analog for hydrocarbon reservoir models. In the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta of Bangladesh, the Gorai River is one of two Ganges distributaries actively connected to the Bay of Bengal. With fluvial input from the Ganges and meso-scale (2–4 m range) tides at the coast, the Gorai exhibits a variety of hydrodynamic regimes across its 350-km reach, providing a unique opportunity to investigate along-channel depositional patterns across the TFT. This study integrates multiple datasets—core sedimentology, river channel bathymetry, and remote sensing—to provide a process-based framework for determining the relative position of sedimentary deposits within the tidal-fluvial continuum of the Gorai River. The results of this investigation reveal coincident, abrupt shifts in river channel morphology and sediment character, suggesting the occurrence of backwater-induced mass extraction of relatively coarse sediments (i.e., fine sand). Despite being situated in an energetic tidal environment, evidence of tidal cyclicity in cored sediments is relatively rare, and the bulk stratigraphy appears strongly overprinted by irregularly spaced cm- to dm-scale sediment packages, likely derived from monsoonal flood pulses. Such findings differ from previously-studied mixed tidal-fluvial systems and underscore the site-specific complexities associated with this depositional domain.
DAMPAK DARI WORK LIFE BALANCE TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT DOSEN SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU EKONOMI INDRAGIRI RENGAT
Authors: Fitrio Tomy , Dewi Puspa
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertempat di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat, perumusan masalah adalah apakah Work life balance berdampak pada Organizational Commitment dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis apakah Organizational Commitment di pengaruhi oleh Work Life Balance pada dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat.

Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 41 orang dosen Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Saturated Sampling. Analisis menggunakan Descriptive analysis dan kuantitative analysis dengan memakai regresi linier.

Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan organizational commitment di pengaruhi oleh work life balance secara positif dan signifikan pada dosen di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Indragiri Rengat.
PEMBUATAN PENDETEKSI OBYEK DENGAN METODE YOU ONLY LOOK ONCE (YOLO) UNTUK AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE (ATM)
Authors: Ghozali Mohammad Shiddiq
Published: September 2019

Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi begitu pesat di zaman sekarang ini. Diikuti pula dengan perkembangan di bidang Artificial Intelligence (AI) atau Kecerdasan Buatan. Di Indonesia sendiri masih belum begitu populer dikalangan masyarakat akan tetapi perusahaan-perusahaan IT berlomba-lomba menciptakan inovasi dibidang Kecerdasan Buatan dan penerapan Kecerdasan Buatan disegala aspek kehidupan. Contoh kasus di Automated Teller Machine (ATM), seringkali terjadi kejahatan di ATM seperti pengintaian nomor pin, skimming, lebanese loop dan kejahatan lainnya. Walaupun di ATM sudah terdapat CCTV akan tetapi penjahat menggunakan alat bantu untuk menutupi wajahnya seperti helm, topi, masker dan kacamata hitam. Biasanya didepan pintu masuk ATM terpampang larangan untuk tidak menggunakan helm, topi, masker dan kacamata hitam serta tidak membawa rokok. Akan tetapi larangan itu masih tetap ada yang melanggar, dikarenakan tidak ada tindak lanjut ketika seseorang menggunakan benda-benda yang dilarang dibawa kedalam ATM. Oleh karena itu penulis membuat sistem pendeteksi obyek di bidang Kecerdasan Buatan untuk mendeteksi benda-benda yang dilarang digunakan ketika berada di ATM. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menciptakan Object Detection yaitu You Only Look Once (YOLO). Implementasi ide ini tersedia pada DARKNET (open source neural network). Cara kerja YOLO yaitu dengan melihat seluruh gambar sekali, kemudian melewati jaringan saraf sekali langsung mendeteksi object yang ada. Oleh karena itu disebut You Only Look Once (YOLO). Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat sistem yang masih dalam bentuk pengembangan, sehingga menjalankannya masih menggunakan command prompt.

Keywords : Automated Teller Machine (ATM), Kecerdasan Buatan, Pendeteksi Obyek, You Only Look Once (YOLO)
MODEL e-GOVERNMENT PEMERINTAHAN DESA
Authors: Watrianthos Ronal , Nasution Ade Parlaungan , Syaifullah Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Pembangunan e-Government sudah menjadi komitmen pemerintah sebagaimana ditetapkan pada Inpres 3/2003 tentang Kebijakan dan Strategi Nasional Pengembangan E-Government. Namun kebijakan pemerintah ini belum sepenuhnya berjalan di pemerintahan lokal sehingga menjadikan e-Government sebagai ujung tombak pemerintahan tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik. Resistensi terhadap perubahan adalah salah satu faktor penghambat dalam pengembangan e-Government. Undang-Undang No.6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa menyatakan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi bisa dilakukan melalui e-Government Desa. Diperlukan kajian mendalam terhadap model yang cocok untuk e-Government desa ini. Proses identifikasi terhadap kebutuhan e-Government Desa dilakukan dengan analisis Critical Success Factor (CSF). Hasil analisis menghasilkan empat tahapan model yang terbagi atas dimensi kompleksitas teknologi dan organisasi dengan tingkat integrasi data dan informasi. Sedangkan hasil dari future portfolio dari perkembangan model ini menggunakan McFarlan’s Analyst Grid sehingga modul strategic, high potential, support, dan key operational dapat dijabarkan.

Keywords : e-Government, CSF, Desa
PEMBANGUNAN APLIKASI EXPLORE WISATA DI KOTA LANGSA
Authors: Hibabullah Aufa , Pranada Rama Handy , Adipraja Farhan Munawar , Nugroho Sigit Aryobimo , Arafad Yusmardoli
Published: October 2019

Pariwisata adalah suatu perjalanan yang dilakukan untuk rekreasi atau liburan. Kota Langsa adalah salah satu kota yang ada di Aceh, luas wilayah kota langsa  yaitu 262,4 km². Masih banyak masyarakat dalam dan luar kota Langsa yang belum mengetahui destinasi wisata yang ada dan transportasi untuk menuju ke kota Langsa, sehingga wisatawan kekurangan informasi transportasi dan destinasi wisata yang ada di kota Langsa. Dari penelitian ini akan dibuat aplikasi explore wisata berbasis android yang dapat memberikan informasi wisata serta mengestimasikan biaya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam pembangunan aplikasi explore wisata dan penyusun laporan adalah metode pengumpulan data, analisis dan perancangan, implementasi, pengujian, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Aplikasi explore wisata dibangun untuk platform android dan menggunakan ionic sebagai framework. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan aplikasi yang dibangun telah dapat memberikan informasi tentang destinasi wisata di kota langsa serta dapat mengestimasikan biaya yang akan dikeluarkan oleh wisatawan.

 

Keywords : Wisata, Kota Langsa, Explore Wisata, Android
Status and Prospects of Integrated Pest Management in Apple Production in Hungary
Authors: Apáti Ferenc
Published: October 2019

Farming methods supporting the ecological function of agriculture will play an even more dominant role in the near future than they do now, as much in Hungary as in the rest of the EU.Several farming techniques supporting sustainable development have already evolved, and in this essay, I deal with integrated production i.e. integrated fruit production in Hungary and its perspectives. I analyze both European and Hungarian regulations on integrated production and their development.It is obvious that in the orchards of Europe, integrated production is gaining ground. We can expect the increased spread of this western trend to Hungary, too, because one of the conditions for remaining on the market will be a product from integrated production. However, we cannot expect any rapid increase in the future. In my opinion, there are three ways to propagate integrated production:− changes in the approach of farmers;− vocational training of farmers because of the greater „knowledge-demand”; improving the consultant network;− strict monitoring of the production process.
The Valuation System of the National Land Fund
Authors: Czinege Anikó
Published: October 2019

The aim of establishing a National Land Fund was to realise the rational management of land property belonging to the Hungarian State, to assist in the realisation of estate political directives, and also to support the development of a modern property structure based on family farms. During this 3 years operation the National Land Fund has become the major player of the Hungarian land market. It has arranged land trades totaling 15,000 hectares, which makes 50% of total related turnover. The NLF created the reason for the existence of land as credit security with the provision of security of mortgage credits. National Land Fund has written co-operation contracts with 11 commercial banks in order to provide long-term agricultural mortgage with the background of land security. NLF has issued almost 1,000 conditional declarations of land purchase to the banks, helping the credit system of agricultural companies.The valuation system „TÉR” created by the National Land Fund, is a many-sided, flexible system adjusted to Hungarian conditions. This evaluation system can determine the value of land in a reliable way. NLF built further controls into the process with the co-operation of independent revisers providing real determination of land value.
The Legal Rules Pertaining to Land Protection in Hungary
Authors: Fürj Zoltán
Published: October 2019

Buildings in industry, mining, transportation and for personal and commercial activities cover increasingly more valuable agricultural land. The increase of sub-urbanization and vehicular traffic and the spread of malls and other kinds of investments are causing serious harm for not only to human society, but to a whole national economy as well.The law on agricultural land (1994:LV) contains legal rules for the preservation, use and classification of agricultural land. These rules define the temporary or permanent use of land for agricultural and non-agricultural purposes; the scale of the land-protection fee and the rules of the process on cases in which land is used for non-agricultural purposes without the consent of the land registry. In the field of land classification, the law prescribes the regulations which are to be followed in order to define the net income of agricultural land in Golden Crowns.Hungarian land protection rules are unique in the European Union, because only few member-states have similar laws to ours. Community law does not regulate the member states, except in the case of land classification, because this is the basis of the tax paid on the agricultural lands, but even here, there are differences among the states.
Viability and Economies of Scale in EU Farms
Authors: Fürjész István
Published: October 2019

With this study, the author intends to draw up the main characteristics of the institutional background of the Farm Accountancy Data Network, operated by the European Union. Among the factors that contribute to the formation of the institutional background of the FADN database, special emphasis is laid on the Commission and member state level legal framework, in order to provide potential Hungarian users of the database with authentic and substantial information. Also, much attention is paid to definitional misunderstandings which cause, or might cause the farm business management type utilization of the database to be imperfect. As for this goal, some of the elements of the FADN information structure are investigated in a conventional Hungarian cost structure. In order to facilitate an easier understanding of the database, the different relations of economic size classes are also reviewed in this study. The author of this study is – in the first place – trying to analyze the meaning of Standard Gross Margin, the index used in the FADN structure to categorize farms, by localizing the position of the different cost constituents of SGM in a conventional Hungarian cost matrix. Last, but not least, the author is trying to draw all researcher’s attention on the possibilities, hidden in the FADN database by introducing some analyses from his own field of interest based on FADN information.
Agri-Environmental Issues in the National Sustainable Development Strategy of the Member States of the Enlarged EU
Authors: Gáthy Andrea
Published: October 2019

In preparation for the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg), almost all EU member-states and some accession countries presented their national strategies for sustainable development (NSSD) during the summer of 2002. Along with other countries, Hungary is only now setting up this important document. Everywhere during the last decade, as in the EU countries, the intention was to involve the environmental problems into other political questions (agricultural, energy and transport policy, etc.). Today the strategy-builders have given up the sectoral view because of difficulties and setbacks, and use a view aiming the problem.Agri-environmental issues appear as the elements of sustainability in the national strategies. For example, in accordance with the danger of global warming, the emission of green-house gasses of agriculture; in line with eco-efficiency, the production of renewable raw materials and energy sources originating from agriculture, and, in relation to changing lifestyle, food-safety and the future of biological agriculture will be disputed. With this study, I investigate the main characteristics of sustainable development strategies at both the EU level and at the level of the different member states from an agri-environmental point of view.
Result of Wine Consumption Survey
Authors: Szakál Zoltán
Published: October 2019

Wine has always played an important role in the Hungarian culture and gastronomy. Today, average wine consumption is about 33 liter per person per year, which figure, comparing with datas in Western Europe, is acceptable. However, cultured wine consumption has begun to develop only in last few years. Consumers, whose knowledges about wines have been widening, demand quality wines. The number of high standard scientific contributions on this subject has risen greatly. But comparisons of them are rather difficult because of adopting different surveying methods. This research has supported and confirmed that wine is a confidental product and previous experience could be an important determining factor during wine-purchasing. Wine is popular as a present, so the nice, elegant look, proper bottles and labels are essential for the higher rate of selling. Further, price-value rate could also be a main factor during the customers’ decision. This survey is a result of a test-research and its methodolical experience will have been used in my following researches.
PENURUNAN KONSENTRASI LOGAM Pb2+ DAN Cd2+ PADA LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI SASIRANGAN DENGAN METODE FITOREMEDIASI
Authors: Rossi Bella Santa , Paryanti Paryanti , Ristianingsih Yuli , Tuhuloula Abubakar
Published: September 2019

Pewarnaan pada proses produksi kain sasirangan menghasilkan limbah yang mengandung logam berat, diantaranya adalah timbal (Pb2+) dan kadmium (Cd2+). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses fitoremediasi terhadap konsentrasi logam Pb2+ dan Cd2+ dari limbah cair industri sasirangan di Kalimantan Selatan, serta mengetahui pertambahan berat basah eceng gondok. Eceng gondok yang sudah dibersihkan dan diaklimatisasi ditanam dalam reaktor berisi larutan limbah dengan konsentrasi 3% (v/v); 9% (v/v); dan 15% (v/v). Sampel diambil setiap 2 hari sekali sebanyak 100 ml dan dianalisis menggunakan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam Pb2+ dan Cd2+ dalam limbah setelah proses fitoremediasi terjadi penurunan. Kadar Pb2+ pada konsentrasi 3% (v/v) semula 0,197 ppm menjadi 0,062 ppm, pada konsentrasi 9% (v/v) semula 0,200 ppm menjadi 0,077 ppm dan untuk 15% (v/v) adalah 0,225 ppm menjadi 0,093 ppm. Sedangkan untuk Cd2+ konsentrasi 3% (v/v) semula 0,110 ppm menjadi 0,059 ppm, konsentrasi 9% (v/v) adalah 0,127 ppm menjadi 0,045 ppm dan untuk konsentrasi 15% (v/v) semula 0,144 ppm menjadi 0,047 ppm.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF MELALUI PROSES TRANSESTERIFIKASI LANGSUNG
Authors: Ristianingsih Yuli , Hidayah Nurul , Sari Fradita Wanda
Published: September 2019

iodiesel merupakan bahan bakar alternatif yang diproduksi dari senyawa kimia bernama alkil ester yang bisa diperoleh dari minyak nabati, di mana pada penelitian ini digunakan Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Biodiesel juga diperuntukkan sebagai bahan bakar pengganti solar dengan kadar emisi gas buang lebih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh rasio mol umpan CPO:metanol (1:3 ; 1:4 ; 1:5 ; 1:6) dan berat katalis (0,25% ; 0,5% ; 1%) terhadap yield biodiesel dan karakteristik biodiesel dengan bahan baku CPO. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan proses transesterifikasi langsung untuk mengkonversi trigliserida menjadi metil ester (biodiesel). Transesterifikasi dilakukan selama 1 jam pada suhu 65oC dengan menggunakan katalis NaOH. Hasil transesterifikasi dipisahkan antara biodiesel dan produk samping gliserol. Biodiesel kemudian dianalisa nilai flash point, pour point, specific gravity dan viskositas kinematik serta dilakukan analisa GC-MS untuk mengetahui komposisi dan kandungan metil esternya. Biodiesel dengan yield terbanyak diperoleh pada rasio umpan 1:3 dan berat katalis 1% dengan nilai yield sebesar 65,38%. Biodiesel dengan yield terbanyak ini mempunyai nilai flash point sebesar 81,5oC, pour point sebesar 15oC specific gravity sebesar 0,8719 dan viskositas kinematik sebesar 4,459 mm2/s. Berdasarkan analisa GC-MS, diketahui kandungan metil ester dalam biodiesel sebesar 54,75%. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa semakin besar rasio mol CPO:metanol maka semakin besar pula yield biodiesel, serta semakin besar berat katalis maka semakin besar pula yield biodiesel. Nilai pour point, specific gravity dan viskositas kinematik sudah sesuai dengan SNI, sedangkan nilai flash point masih belum memenuhi SNI. Pembuatan biodiesel dari CPO melalui proses transesterifikasi langsung dapat menghasilkan senyawa metil ester.
OPTIMASI PRODUKSI BIOBRIKET DARI KULIT BUAH KARET
Authors: Ramadhani Rachmat , Sandri Dwi , Jaya Jaka Darma
Published: September 2019

Biobriket merupakan energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar yang dihasilkan dari bahan-bahan organik atau biomasa yang kurang termanfaatkan. Beberapa jenis limbah biomasa memiliki potensi yang cukup besar seperti limbah kayu, sekam padi, jerami, ampas tebu, cangkang sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi produksi biobriket dari kulit buah karet dengan parameter pengujian meliputi analisis kadar air, nilai kalor, lama bakar dan laju bakar. Pembuatan biobriket ini berbahan baku dari kulit buah karet yang dimulai dari proses pengarangan kemudian digiling dan dicampur dengan perekat dan cetak lalu dijemur. Adapun perekat yang digunakan adalah tepung tapioka dengan konsentrasi perekat 3%, 4%, 5%, dan 6% pada pembuatan biobriket dan air yang digunakan sebanyak 250 ml dan 375 ml terhadap masing-masing konsentrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa briket dengan perlakuan menggunakan perekat 4% yang dilarutkan dengan 250 ml air mendekati SNI briket arang. Hasil tersebut menunjukan kadar air 6,12%, nilai kalor 6351,58 kal/gr, lama bakar 43 menit dan laju bakarnya 0,28 gr/menit. Melihat dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa kulit buah karet dapat dijadikan salah satu bahan baku alternatif dalam pembuatan biobriket.