bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problem‐Solving Skills and Relationship Attributes Among Women With Eating Disorders
Authors: Holt Melissa K. , Espelage Dorothy L.
Published: December 2011

This study examined interpersonal problem solving, relationship conflict, and social support among women with and without subclinical eating disorders. Thirty‐nine women scoring above the clinical cutoff on the Eating Attitudes Test‐26 (D. M. Garner & P. Garfinkel, 1979) and 39 matched controls completed self‐report Relationship Quality, Perceived Social Support, Depression, and Interpersonal Problem Solving inventories. Contrary to predictions, groups did not differ on relationship conflict and social support measures. As hypothesized, disordered eating symptoms were associated with less effective problem solving in eating and weight and interpersonal relationship situations. The discussion focuses on implications for counseling interventions among college women.
Advocacy for Counseling and Counselors: A Professional Imperative
Authors: Myers Jane E. , Sweeney Thomas J. , White Victoria E.
Published: December 2011

Although advocacy both for clients and for the profession is essential for the future of counseling and counselors, advocacy for the profession has received little systematic attention. A national plan for advocacy is needed, the effectiveness of which depends on achieving consensus concerning professional identity, promoting a positive public image, establishing effective intraprofessional and interprofessional collaboration, and obtaining the participation of each counselor in advocacy activities. Specific professional advocacy skills and techniques are described.
Learning Journals as a Counseling Strategy
Authors: Burnett Paul C. , Meacham David
Published: December 2011

This article explores the use of learning journals as a counseling strategy that can be used to complement a counselor's therapeutic orientation. The authors postulate that learning journals will have therapeutic effects on clients that will lead to enduring positive changes, discuss the development of appropriate learning taxonomies to evaluate learning journals, and make recommendations for practice.
A Model of Depression in Adult Children of Alcoholics and Nonalcoholics
Authors: Lease Suzanne H.
Published: December 2011

This study investigated the relationships between levels of depression in a sample of adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) and non‐ACOAs and patterns of parental drinking behaviors, intergenerational family interactions, attachment behaviors, and self‐esteem. Drinking behaviors directly influenced family processes and indirectly influenced self‐esteem but did not influence depression. An angry/violent drinking style influenced family processes and attachment styles supporting the hypothesis that certain drinking behaviors disrupt family functioning. The findings contribute to explanations of resilience in ACOAs; ACOAs termed as resilient might have been exposed to a less violent drinking style with resultant healthier familial interactions and adult attachments.
Hope‐Focused and Forgiveness‐Based Group Interventions to Promote Marital Enrichment
Authors: Ripley Jennifer S. , Worthington Everett L.
Published: December 2011

The authors report a clinical trial (N = 43 couples) that compares a hope‐focused marital enrichment (E. L. Worthington et al., 1997) with empathy‐centered forgiveness‐based marital enrichment (M. E. McCullough, 1997; E. L. Worthington, 1998a) and a wait‐list control. Treatment group couples improved relative to the wait‐list control group in observational measures of communication. Hope‐focused marital enrichment produced clinically relevant changes in marital communication, increasing the ratio by 3 to 5 positive to negative interaction ratio units. Hope‐focused marital enrichment is discussed in comparison with previous research, which was conducted with couples meeting conjointly. The forgiveness‐based marital enrichment psychoeducational group is one of the 1st studies of forgiveness interventions in couples research.
The Cross‐Cultural Relevance of Person‐Centered Counseling in Postapartheid South Africa
Authors: Spangenberg Judora J.
Published: December 2011

In this article, the need for effective cross‐cultural counseling in South Africa is emphasized against the background of the country's sociocultural context. The characteristics of person‐centered counseling that make it cross‐culturally suitable in the South African situation are discussed. Rogers's cross‐cultural group work during his visits to South Africa is briefly described. The ways in which specific cross‐cultural obstacles can be overcome by means of the person‐centered approach are pointed out. The relationship between person‐centered counseling and traditional African healing practices is described. Finally, ways to address the language barriers in cross‐cultural counseling in South Africa are discussed.
Career Concerns for People Living With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Hunt Brandon , Jaques Jodi , Niles Spencer G. , Wierzalis Edward
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the career concerns of people living with HIV/AIDS. The authors used qualitative research methodology to ask participants to discuss the impact their diagnosis has had on their career development concerns and their career goals. Based on participants' interview responses, the authors classified their concerns as relating to career or workplace issues, medical issues, or coping resources. Career counseling implications for each category are discussed.
The Effect of Gender and Self‐Care Behaviors on Counselors' Perceptions of Colleagues With Depression
Authors: Carroll Lynne , Gilroy Paula J. , Murra Jennifer
Published: December 2011

This study examined the effects of gender and self‐care behaviors on counselors' perceptions of depressed colleagues. Three hundred and six respondents completed 1 of 8 versions of vignettes describing either a male or female counselor responding to his or her depressive symptoms through the use of antidepressants, counseling, alternative therapies, or no course of action. Target counselors who took antidepressants were perceived as more competent than counselors who practiced holistic measures and those who chose no course of action. Target counselors who sought personal counseling were perceived as more ethical than those choosing no course of action.
Counseling the Client With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Curtis Russell C. , Juhnke Gerald A.
Published: December 2011

Prostate cancer is prevalent in the United States today and has a far‐reaching effect on men and their relationships. Being diagnosed with and treated for prostate cancer often causes men to experience side effects that induce physical, emotional, and social change. Counselors need to be aware of prostate cancer's impact on men and their families.
School Counselors' Ethnic Tolerance Attitudes and Racism Attitudes as Predictors of Their Multicultural Case Conceptualization of an Immigrant Student
Authors: Constantine Madonna G. , Gushue George V.
Published: December 2011

This study examined the extent to which school counselors' ethnic tolerance attitudes and racism attitudes were predictive of their multicultural case conceptualization ability (i.e., ability to conceptualize the mental health concerns of an immigrant student in light of salient cultural information). Results revealed that, after accounting for prior multicultural counseling training, higher ethnic tolerance attitudes were associated with greater multicultural case conceptualization ability, while higher racism attitudes were related to lower multicultural case conceptualization ability. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Ego Identity Status: A Step in the Differentiation Process
Authors: Johnson Patrick , Buboltz Walter C. , Seemann Eric
Published: December 2011

This study examined the relationship between identity development and differentiation levels in young adults. A total of 259 participants completed the Extended Version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (H. D. Grotevant & G. R. Adams, 1984), the Differentiation of Self Inventory (E. A. Skowron & M. L. Friedlander, 1998), and demographic questions. Results showed that each identity status had a unique effect on the various components of differentiation. Implications of the results for counselors and for future researchers are provided.
Effect of Client and Counselor Ethnicity on Preference for Counselor Disclosure
Authors: Cashwell Craig S. , Shcherbakova Julia , Cashwell Tammy H.
Published: December 2011

Preferences for counselor self‐disclosure based on the ethnicity of both the respondent and the counselor were examined for African American and Caucasian students. Results suggested that respondent ethnicity affected preferences for certain types of information about the counselor (personal feelings, sexual issues, professional issues, and success/failure) and that there were interaction (respondent by counselor ethnicity) effects on preference for disclosure in other areas (interpersonal relationships and success/failure). Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Report of the ACA Ethics Committee: 2001–2002
Authors: Sanders Jo‐Ann Lipford , Freeman Larry T.
Published: December 2011

This report summarizes the activities of the American Counseling Association (ACA) Ethics Committee during the period of July 1, 2001, through June 30, 2002. An overview of the mission of the Ethics Committee, Ethics Committee membership, educational activities, review of policies and procedures, and adjudication activities is presented.
Psychological Time in Later Life: Implications for Counseling
Authors: Shmotkin Dov , Eyal Nitza
Published: December 2011

Psychological time consists of cognitive constructs, images, and symbolic representations. It has different dimensions such as the experience of time, time perspective, attitudes and beliefs toward time, and the individual's behavior relating to time. Psychological time undergoes changes throughout the life span and is an integral part of the psychological developmental processes. In later life, it may be particularly dissonant with environmental rhythms and require re‐integration of the individual's past, present, and future. This article suggests several guidelines for counseling practice that address the many facets of psychological time in later life and their implications for the mental health and well‐being of older people.
A Historical Review of Counseling Theory Development in Relation to Definitions of Free Will and Determinism
Authors: Wilks Duffy
Published: December 2011

This review traces the development of counseling theory in relation to the philosophical constructs of free will and determinism. Problems associated with free will are discussed, and an analysis of related theoretical trends and convergent paradigms is provided. Results indicate that (a) no major theory of counseling addresses the free will versus determinism problem or includes indeterminate free will as a component; (b) no grand, comprehensive theory of counseling currently exists; and (c) recent findings relating to free will suggest the need for research along theoretical lines of inquiry. The relevance of such research to counseling professionals is emphasized.
Preparing Rural Adolescents for Post‐High School Transitions
Authors: Lapan Richard T. , Tucker Bradley , Kim Se‐Kang , Kosciulek John F.
Published: December 2011

In this study, the authors evaluated the impact of 4 career development curricular strategies and emotional/instrumental support in preparing rural adolescents to make successful post‐high school transitions. Curriculum strategies and perceived support helped 8th‐, 10th‐, and 12th‐grade students attain critical aspects of career development, enhanced student satisfaction that their education was better preparing them to achieve future educational and career goals, and increased student intentions to enter post‐high school settings that required greater levels of education and training. Girls reported earning higher grades and participating in more work‐based learning activities and intended to enter post–high school training settings that required more education than did boys.
Applying Social Cognitive Career Theory to the Empowerment of Battered Women
Authors: Chronister Krista M. , McWhirter Ellen Hawley
Published: December 2011

Despite increasing attention to the problem of domestic violence and its multifaceted consequences, the career development needs of battered women have only sporadically been addressed in the vocational psychology literature. In this article, the scope and consequences of domestic violence are reviewed, highlighting effects on women's career and educational well‐being. Social cognitive career theory (SCCT; R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, & G. Hackett, 1994) is described and applied to the experiences of women living in domestic violence situations. A framework for empowering battered women and using SCCT to promote their career development and attainment is provided, along with recommendations for future research.
Anti‐Semitism and Insensitivity Toward Jews by the Counseling Profession: A Gentile's View on the Problem and His Hope for Reconciliation—A Response to Weinrach (2002)
Authors: Kiselica Mark S.
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this article is to suggest solutions to the problems of anti‐Semitism and insensitivity toward Jews in the counseling profession, which were discussed by S. G. Weinrach (2002). Specifically, Gentiles are urged to promote healing between Gentile and Jewish counselors by acknowledging that anti‐Semitism exists, exploring biases about Jews, learning more about Jewish history and culture, and expressing genuine appreciation for Jewish colleagues. Also, Jewish counselors are invited to assist Gentiles in these efforts by affirming the good will of potential Gentile allies. Other pressing issues the profession must address, such as clarifying the boundaries between professional duties and the expression of personal religious and political convictions, are discussed. Above all else, this article communicates hope that Jewish and Gentile counselors can achieve a reconciliation that will enhance the counseling profession.
The Rape Myth and Blame‐Based Beliefs of Counselors‐in‐Training Toward Male Victims of Rape
Authors: Kassing Leslee R. , Prieto Loreto R.
Published: December 2011

The authors surveyed counselors‐in‐training at counselor education programs nationwide, accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs, to examine trainees' acceptance of rape myths and their willingness to make blame‐based attributions toward a male victim of rape. Results suggested that male counselor trainees with no experience counseling sexually assaulted clients tended to endorse the greatest degree of acceptance of rape myths. Trainees of both sexes thought that a male rape victim who showed no resistance to his attacker should have done so. The authors discuss implications for counselor training and supervision.
How Close Are We? Measuring Intimacy and Examining Gender Differences
Authors: Hook Misty K. , Gerstein Lawrence H. , Detterich Lacy , Gridley Betty
Published: December 2011

Many theorists agree that intimacy is a multidimensional concept consisting of several specific components: love and affection, personal validation, trust, and self‐disclosure. In this investigation, the authors tried to determine if 3 popular intimacy measures actually assess these 4 components and to see if women and men differ in their experiences of intimacy. Three hundred and sixty undergraduates completed the Miller Social Intimacy Scale (R. S. Miller & H. M. Lefcourt, 1982), the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships Scale (M. T. Schaefer & D. H. Olson, 1981), and the Fear of Intimacy Scale (C. J. Descutner & M. H. Thelen, 1991). Results of factor analyses supported the 4 specific components of intimacy. Multivariate analysis of variance results corroborated that women and men did vary in their experiences of intimacy.
Self‐Injurious Behaviors: Assessment and Diagnosis
Authors: Kress Victoria E. White
Published: December 2011

This article examines the diagnosis and assessment of self‐injurious behaviors. A classification model for conceptualizing self‐injury is discussed, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text revision; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) diagnoses associated with self‐injury are addressed. Assessment questions and issues to consider when assessing clients who self‐injure are provided.
Physical Activity and Exercise: Implications for Counselors
Authors: Dixon Wayne A. , Mauzey Edward D. , Hall Charla R.
Published: December 2011

The authors address current recommendations for physical activity and health, physical activity and mental well‐being, and implications for counselors and the counseling profession. Specifically, they review a recent article (P. M. Dubbert, 2002) published in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology and examine in detail the resulting implications for counselors and the counseling profession.
Developing and Nurturing Excellence in African American Male Adolescents
Authors: Bailey Deryl F. , Paisley Pamela O.
Published: December 2011

High dropout rates and poor academic performance are too often characteristic of the educational experience for African American male adolescents. In response to this dilemma, enrichment initiatives targeting young Black men have been developed. This article provides an in‐depth description of Project: Gentlemen on the Move, a program designed to develop and nurture academic and social excellence in African American male adolescents. Recommendations for school counselors are provided.
The Developmental Origins and Treatment Needs of Female Adolescents With Depression
Authors: Hazler Richard J. , Mellin Elizabeth A.
Published: December 2011

Rates of female to male depression rapidly soar during adolescence to a 2:1 ratio despite fairly equal rates throughout childhood. The literature suggests that changes in social development, social role expectations, and/or biology may play significant roles, but research considering these factors is scarce and inconsistent. This review considers how current information about these factors can help develop more culturally and client‐appropriate treatment approaches and guide recommendations for the next steps in research.
Differentiation of Self Mediates College Stress and Adjustment
Authors: Skowron Elizabeth A. , Wester Stephen R. , Azen Razia
Published: December 2011

Differentiation of self involves the capacity to modulate affect, maintain a clear sense of self, and balance intimacy and autonomy in significant relationships. Given the central role of family relationships for individual functioning, the authors tested whether differentiation mediated or moderated relations between college stress and personal adjustment. Differentiation of self partially mediated effects of academic and financial stress and exerted a direct influence on adjustment. Limitations, directions for future research, and implications for counseling are discussed.
Testing and Assessment Issues With Spanish‐English Bilingual Latinos
Authors: Cofresí Norma I. , Gorman Angela A.
Published: December 2011

This article critically examines and integrates previous research in cross‐cultural and cross‐linguistic assessment. Issues that apply to the assessment of Latinos who speak both Spanish and English are examined. For ease of presentation, testing concerns with this population are divided into 3 broad areas: client issues, test issues, and clinician/assessor issues. Recommendations are made to assist in the provision of cross‐culturally and cross‐linguistically valid testing of Spanish‐English bilingual Latinos.
When Lightning Strikes: Reexamining Creativity in Psychotherapy
Authors: Carson David K. , Becker Kent W.
Published: December 2011

Creativity is paramount to the therapeutic process. This article explored the role of creativity in counseling and psychotherapy through a critical analysis of several key articles in a special issue of The Journal of Clinical Activities, Assignments, & Handouts in Psychotherapy Practice (L. L. Hecker, 2002). Implications for counselors/therapists and the future of the field are discussed.
Carl Rogers's Life and Work: An Assessment on the 100th Anniversary of His Birth
Authors: Kirschenbaum Howard
Published: December 2011

This article summarizes the life and work of America's most influential counselor and psychotherapist, Carl Rogers. He developed the client‐centered, person‐centered approach; popularized the term client; pioneered the recording of counseling cases; conducted landmark research on counseling and psychotherapy; and was a leader in the humanistic psychology movement, and more. Later, he applied the person‐centered approach to resolving intergroup and international conflict. Work on the client‐centered approach continues, and current research validates many of Rogers's earlier contributions.
Developmental Advocacy: Twenty‐First Century School Counseling
Authors: Galassi John P. , Akos Patrick
Published: December 2011

Characteristics of current and emerging school counseling program models are reviewed, and their limitations and challenges in serving students' needs in the 21st century are enumerated. The authors discuss the implications for these models of recent advances in developmental theory and research and in positive psychology, along with the integration of nontraditional counseling functions. Developmental Advocacy is described and offered as a way to enhance the effectiveness of the contemporary school counselor.
Can Knowledge of Client Birth Order Bias Clinical Judgment?
Authors: Stewart Alan E.
Published: December 2011

Clinicians (N = 308) responded to identical counseling vignettes of a male client that differed only in the client's stated birth order. Clinicians developed different impressions about the client and his family experiences that corresponded with the prototypical descriptions of persons from 1 of 4 birth orders (i.e., first, middle, youngest, and only). Once the client was viewed as exemplifying a particular birth order, clinicians' prognostic ratings differed according to the client's birth order.
Trichotillomania: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Kress Victoria E. White , Kelly Brandy L. , McCormick Laura J.
Published: December 2011

This article examines the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of trichotillomania (the recurrent desire to pull out one's hair). The authors provide a brief review both of proposed etiologies of trichotillomania and of the diagnostic and assessment issues related to this disorder, and they discuss interventions and treatments that have been shown to be most efficacious when working with clients diagnosed with trichotillomania.
Toward a Positive Perspective on Violence Prevention in Schools: Building Connections
Authors: Smith Douglas C. , Sandhu Daya S.
Published: December 2011

As concerns about the level of school violence have increased in recent years, many schools have instituted policies designed to deter or prohibit violent and aggressive acts on school campuses. Although well intentioned, most such policies tend to be reactive and punitive in nature. In contrast, this article proposes a positive approach to violence prevention based on establishing meaningful connections between students, their families, peers, and school.
Cross‐Cultural Conflict Resolution in the Schools: Some Practical Intervention Strategies for Counselors
Authors: Brinson Jesse A. , Kottler Jeffrey A. , Fisher Teresa A.
Published: December 2011

The authors present a context for understanding the increase in school violence as a function of poor conflict resolution skills. They provide counselors with selected cross‐cultural approaches for conflict resolution and problem solving. They also discuss how the methods could be implemented in a school setting. A case study is used to demonstrate the approaches in action.
JCD's Special Section on School Violence: Reactions and Thoughts of a Counselor
Authors: Ginter Earl J.
Published: December 2011

Over the last 2 decades, counselors have found themselves increasingly pulled to the forefront of an effort to find effective means to confront the challenge of school violence. In this brief opinion piece, the author comments on the contributions being made by the counseling field, exemplified in the 6 articles of the special section, and how these contributions are leading to the creation of proactive approaches that are more effective than the reactive approaches still used by many school systems.
Online Data Collection: Strategies for Research
Authors: Granello Darcy Haag , Wheaton Joe E.
Published: December 2011

Online data collection, through e‐mail and Web‐based surveys, is becoming an increasingly popular research methodology. In this article, the authors outline the benefits and limitations of this type of data collection to help researchers determine whether their data could be collected online in a way that retains the integrity of the data. A detailed procedure, including strategies to manage limitations, is given for researchers wishing to conduct their own online surveys.
Indigenous and Interdependent Perspectives of Healing: Implications for Counseling and Research
Authors: Yeh Christine J. , Hunter Carla D. , Madan‐Bahel Anvita , Chiang Lillian , Arora Agnes K.
Published: December 2011

Because of the dramatic increases of culturally diverse individuals in the United States, indigenous perspectives of healing must be understood in the context of interdependent cultural selves. The authors present an extensive review of the literature with a focus on understanding the role of spirituality, balancing energies, close social networks, and interconnectedness in indigenous healing perspectives and philosophies. Examples of indigenous healing approaches are presented, and implications for counseling and research are discussed.
Guidelines for Writing a Qualitative Manuscript for the Journal of Counseling & Development
Authors: Choudhuri Dibya , Glauser Ann , Peregoy John
Published: December 2011

Given the widespread application of qualitative research approaches and methods, it is necessary to develop guidelines for reporting qualitative research, as well as standards for assessing such research. Although qualitative research operates within a different paradigm from quantitative research, the same overarching criteria of rigor and credibility must be applied. Particular elements of background, methods, analysis, findings, and conclusions should be addressed in any qualitative manuscript submitted to the Journal of Counseling & Development.
Ethnic Match and Treatment Outcomes for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Clients
Authors: Gamst Glenn , Dana Richard H. , Der‐Karabetian Aghop , Kramer Terry
Published: December 2011

This study investigated the effects of client ethnicity and client‐counselor ethnic match on treatment outcomes (i.e., GAF‐difference [from the Global Assessment of Functioning Axis V rating of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, American Psychiatric Association, 1994] and client visitation) of 1,946 child and adolescent community mental health center clients. After controlling for 7 other variables, no differences were observed after adjustment among client ethnicities, age groups, or ethnic match on the GAF‐difference dependent measure. Ethnically matched African American child and adolescent clients had fewer mental health visits than did their nonmatched counterparts. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Challenging the Stereotypes About Only Children: A Review of the Literature and Implications for Practice
Authors: Mancillas Adriean
Published: December 2011

The negative stereotypes of only children are pervasive despite a growing trend toward single‐child families and evidence of the only child's strengths. People maintain definite beliefs about the characteristics of each ordinal position in a family, typically viewing only children as lonely, spoiled, and maladjusted. The author reviewed the literature to provide an accurate understanding of the stereotypes of only children, their assets, and the challenges they face. Cross‐cultural findings and implications for clinical practice with only children and their parents are discussed.
Understanding Adolescent Substance Abuse: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Burrow‐Sanchez Jason J.
Published: December 2011

From a developmental perspective, adolescence is a time of gaining independence, experimentation, and taking risks. One area of experimentation associated with adolescence is substance use. For counselors working with adolescents who use or abuse substances, or both, it is important to understand the scope of the problem and ways to effectively work with this population. This article provides counselors with current information on adolescent substance abuse and suggestions for clinical work.
Counseling Theories Within a Postmodernist Epistemology: New Roles for Theories in Counseling Practice
Authors: Hansen James T.
Published: December 2011

Counseling theories have traditionally been considered within a modernist epistemology. Reconsidering theories from a postmodern vantage point opens up new possibilities for theory utilization in the counseling process. The author discusses 3 of these possibilities—theories as narrative structures, theoretical truth redefined as pragmatic utility, and egalitarianism in the counseling relationship—along with their implications for counseling practice.
Resiliency Determinants and Resiliency Processes Among Female Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Authors: Bogar Christine B. , Hulse‐Killacky Diana
Published: December 2011

This phenomenological, qualitative study examined resiliency determinants and resiliency formation among 10 women who had been sexually abused as children. An examination of the determinants and processes that facilitated resiliency in participants' adult lives revealed 5 determinant clusters (interpersonally skilled, competent, high self‐regard, spiritual, and helpful life circumstances) and 4 process clusters (coping strategies, refocusing and moving on, active healing, and achieving closure).
Effects of Test Interpretation Style and Favorability in the Counseling Process
Authors: Hanson William E. , Claiborn Charles D.
Published: December 2011

Two styles of test interpretation (TI), delivered and interactive, were manipulated in a 1‐session counseling interview. The favorability of the interpretations (i.e., positive only and mixed) was also manipulated. After completing a well‐known personality test, 46 participants completed the TI session. Participants' thoughts and perceptions of their sessions and counselors did not differ across the 4 experimental conditions. However, their TI acceptance and helpfulness ratings did differ. Implications for TI research and practice are discussed.
Gender Self‐Definition and Gender Self‐Acceptance in Women: Intersections With Feminist, Womanist, and Ethnic Identities
Authors: Hoffman Rose Marie
Published: December 2011

The author explored the relationships among women's gender identity constructs as well as the relationships of those constructs to ethnic identity. Nine of the 12 hypothesized relationships between gender self‐definition and female identity development statuses and between gender self‐acceptance and female identity development statuses were supported. Gender self‐definition and gender self‐acceptance were also both positively correlated with ethnic identity. Analyses of the Hoffman Gender Scale (R. M. Hoffman, 1996; R. M. Hoffman, L. D. Borders, & J. A. Hattie, 2000) provided additional support for its use as a measure of gender self‐definition and gender self‐acceptance.
African American Men, Gender Role Conflict, and Psychological Distress: The Role of Racial Identity
Authors: Wester Stephen R. , Vogel David L. , Wei Meifen , McLain Rodney
Published: December 2011

Little research exists exploring the intersection of male gender role conflict (GRC), racial identity, and psychological distress. Accordingly, using a sample of 130 self‐identified African American male participants, this study explored which aspects of racial identity mediated the relationship between GRC and psychological distress. Results demonstrated that racial identity attitudes reflective of internalized racism (Self‐Hatred) partially mediated the relationship between GRC and psychological distress.
Intrapersonal and Organizational Factors Associated With Burnout Among School Counselors
Authors: Wilkerson Kevin , Bellini James
Published: December 2011

This study investigated the demographic, intrapersonal, and organizational factors associated with burnout among a population of school counselors in the northeastern United States (n = 78). Three hierarchical regression analyses were completed to determine the amount of variance that each cluster contributed to the 3 subscales on the Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Educators Survey (MBI‐ES; C. M. Maslach, S. E. Jackson, & M. P. Leiter, 1996): Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment. The final models accounted for 45%, 30%, and 42% of the overall variation on each subscale, respectively.
Creating a Future: A Study of Resilience in Suicidal Female Adolescents
Authors: Everall Robin D. , Altrows K. Jessica , Paulson Barbara L.
Published: December 2011

The authors designed this study to understand how adolescents overcome suicidality from the subjective perspective of 13 previously suicidal female participants. A resilience framework was used to conceptualize the process. Data analysis using basic interpretive qualitative inquiry revealed 4 domains of resilience: social processes, emotional processes, cognitive processes, and purposeful action. The domains were inextricably linked; improvements in 1 domain produced changes across others, adding momentum to the resilience process. Implications for practice are discussed.
Reconstruction of Adoption Issues: Delineation of Five Phases Among Adult Adoptees
Authors: Penny Judith , Borders L. DiAnne , Portnoy Francie
Published: December 2011

Five adoption‐reconstruction phases were identified in narratives of 100 adoptees ages 35 to 55 years. Phases ranged from no awareness of adoption issues (Phase 1) to acute awareness accompanied by anger, resentment, and sadness about adoption (Phase 3) to a sense of peace and acceptance (Phase 5). Consistent quantitative and qualitative differences were found among adoptees at the 5 phases on multiple measures of functioning.
You Cannot Go Home Again: A Phenomenological Investigation of Returning to the Sojourn Country After Studying Abroad
Authors: Christofi Victoria , Thompson Charles L.
Published: December 2011

The goal of the present study was to describe the structure of the experience of individuals who returned home after studying abroad, became disillusioned with their home country, and returned to their sojourn country. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with participants. The emerging bipolar themes of conflict/peace, reality/idealization, freedom/restriction, changing/static, and comfort/discomfort were grounded in the theme of cultural comparison. Implications for counseling those who study abroad are included.
Reconceptualizing Stabilization for Counseling Adolescents in Brief Psychiatric Hospitalization: A New Model
Authors: Balkin Richard S. , Roland Catherine B.
Published: December 2011

This research examined goal attainment as it related to client stability in the process of counseling adolescents admitted to a crisis residence. Data were collected from licensed master's‐level clinicians treating adolescent clients admitted to an acute care psychiatric program at 1 of 2 hospitals located in the mid‐South. There was a statistically significant relationship between the goal‐attainment model and client stability, as defined by symptom manifestation.
Career Counseling in New Zealand
Authors: Furbish Dale S.
Published: December 2011

The author examines articles published in a special issue of the New Zealand Journal of Counselling that highlight career topics in New Zealand. Parallels are drawn between these topics and similar ones identified by M. Savickas (2003a) for advancing career counseling in the United States. The author argues that the similarity of career issues in both New Zealand and the United States indicates that these issues are universal concerns and need to be addressed for career counseling to develop as a profession.
Mental Health and Career Development of College Students
Authors: Hinkelman Jeanne M. , Luzzo Darrell Anthony
Published: December 2011

Little has been written about the reciprocal effects of the mental health and the career development of college students. Nevertheless, college students seeking services in college career and counseling centers often present both types of issues simultaneously. Service providers must, therefore, be cognizant of these potentially interactive issues. This article provides a summary of theoretical foundations and recent research regarding the interaction between psychosocial and career development. Implications for theory, research, and practice are provided.
Sibling Maltreatment: The Forgotten Abuse
Authors: Kiselica Mark S. , Morrill‐Richards Mandy
Published: December 2011

Great advances have been made in the study of family violence in the past 30 years. However, sibling abuse and its prevalence in the family have largely been overlooked. In this article, the major issues associated with sibling maltreatment are highlighted, and strategies for helping the victims and perpetrators of sibling abuse and their families are described.
Exemplary Counseling Strategies for Developmental Transitions of Young Women With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Kelley Susan D. M. , English William , Schwallie‐Giddis Pat , Jones Lisa M.
Published: December 2011

This article is intended to provide rehabilitation, career, and mental health counselors with an understanding of how attentional impairments are manifested in young women and how professional counselors may help them most effectively. Treatment guidelines and recommendations are presented for working with these young women through the developmental transition years of adolescence and young adulthood.
Focus Groups: A Practical and Applied Research Approach for Counselors
Authors: Kress Victoria E. , Shoffner Marie F.
Published: December 2011

Focus groups are becoming a popular research approach that counselors can use as an efficient, practical, and applied method of gathering information to better serve clients. In this article, the authors describe focus groups and their potential usefulness to professional counselors and researchers. Practical implications related to the use of focus groups in counseling practice are discussed, and case examples are provided demonstrating how focus groups can be useful to counselors.
Predictors of Categorical At‐Risk High School Dropouts
Authors: Suh Suhyun , Suh Jingyo , Houston Irene
Published: December 2011

The authors attempted to identify key contributing factors to school dropout among 3 categories of at‐risk students: those with low grade point averages, those who had been suspended, and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Logistic regression analysis of the data, which were derived from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth‐1997 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2002) indicated that student dropout rates were affected differently by students' membership in the 3 at‐risk categories.
Special Topics in the Journal of Counseling & Development, Volumes 66–80
Authors: Gale Arden U. , Moss Rochelle C. , Higgins Kristin K.
Published: December 2011

The authors review previous examinations of the American Counseling Association's (ACA) Journal of Counseling & Development (JCD), consider various editors' policies that shaped the Journal, and update L. W. Harmon and H. E. Harker's (1989) analysis of special interest topics featured in JCD. Studying the flagship professional journal of ACA provides insight into the evolution and development of the profession of counseling.
Report of the ACA Ethics Committee: 2005–2006
Authors: Glosoff Harriet L. , Freeman Larry T.
Published: December 2011

This report summarizes the activities of the American Counseling Association Ethics Committee during the period from July 1, 2005, through June 30, 2006. Ethics Committee membership, an overview of the mission of the Ethics Committee and goals for 2005–2006, summary data of the complaints filed and the inquiries received, and education activities of the Committee are presented.
Promoting Self‐Advocacy Among Minority Students in School Counseling
Authors: Astramovich Randall L. , Harris Katrina R.
Published: December 2011

This article presents self‐advocacy competencies developed to promote the academic, career, and personal/social success of minority students. The authors discuss challenges faced by minority students in today's educational environment and review principles of self‐advocacy. Competencies for developing self‐advocacy awareness, knowledge, and skills are discussed along with school counseling strategies for promoting self‐advocacy among minority students.
Adult Attachment and Developmental Personality Styles: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sherry Alissa , Lyddon William J. , Henson Robin K.
Published: December 2011

The current study was designed to test specific hypotheses associated with W. J. Lyddon and A. Sherry's (2001) attachment theory model of developmental personality styles. More specifically, 4 adult attachment dimensions were correlated with 10 personality scales on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory‐III (T. Millon, R. Davis, & C. Millon, 1997) with a sample of 273 men and women. Findings indicated that the adult attachment dimensions were able to predict 7 of the 10 personality styles.
A Content and Sample Analysis of Quantitative Articles Published in the Journal of Counseling & Development Between 1991 and 2000
Authors: Nilsson Johanna E. , Love Keisha M. , Taylor Kathryn J. , Slusher Anita L.
Published: December 2011

This study reviewed the content of articles and characteristics of samples in all quantitative articles published in the Journal of Counseling & Development between 1991 and 2000. The content analysis revealed that the areas that received the most attention were academic/career, multicultural issues, symptoms/disorders, and counseling process. Gender was reported in 88%, race/ethnicity in 60%, socioeconomic status in 11%, and sexual orientation in 1% of the articles. Implications for future research are addressed.
The Value of Social Constructionism for the Counseling Profession: A Reply to Hansen
Authors: Rudes James , Guterman Jeffrey T.
Published: December 2011

The authors reply to J. T. Hansen's (2005) call for the profession to revalue the inner subjective experiences (ISE) of clients. Hansen argued that social constructionism has influenced the decline of the counseling profession by obscuring its unique focus on ISE. The authors maintain that social constructionism is a useful framework for counseling, and they articulate a social constructionist position for counseling. Hansen's reasons for arguing that ISE must be revalued are discussed along with future directions for social constructionism and counseling.
The Career Decision‐Making Process of Chinese American Youth
Authors: Okubo Yuki , Yeh Christine J. , Lin Pei‐Ying , Fujita Kotoko , Shea J. Mun‐Yi
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated how negotiating two cultural expectations may influence the career decision‐making process of Chinese youth. In‐depth interviews were conducted with 8 participants addressing issues of role models, career interests, and individuals with whom they discussed career concerns. Consensual Qualitative Research (C. E. Hill, B. J. Thompson, & E. N. Williams, 1997) was used to analyze data. The findings suggest that parents' academic and career expectations influenced the career decisions of Chinese youth.
An Introduction to the Best Practices Section in the Journal of Counseling & Development
Authors: Marotta Sylvia A. , Watts Richard E.
Published: December 2011

The authors present an introduction to the Best Practices section in the Journal of Counseling & Development. The section, announced in the fall of 2003, updates counselors on the latest research evidence to support their counseling practices. Four invited experts in the counseling profession (D. Bubenzer, J. G. Garci, T. Sexton, & J. West) discuss the role of best practices in counseling.
Report of the ACA Ethics Committee: 2006–2007
Authors: Sanabria Samuel , Freeman Larry T.
Published: December 2011

This report summarizes the activities of the American Counseling Association Ethics Committee during the period from July 1, 2006, through June 30, 2007. Ethics Committee membership, an overview of the mission of the Ethics Committee and goals for 2006–2007, summary data of the complaints filed and the inquiries received, and education activities of the Committee are presented.
Multicultural and Social Justice Training for Counselor Education Programs and Colleges of Education: Rewards and Challenges
Authors: Zalaquett Carlos P. , Foley Pamela F. , Tillotson Kenyon , Dinsmore Julie A. , Hof David
Published: December 2011

This study examined the impact of a multicultural/social justice professional‐organizational development project that was implemented at 5 universities across the United States. The results indicate increased organizational support for multicultural/social justice issues and gains in the participants' multicultural competence. The limitations of the study are also discussed.
Prejudice and Racism, Year 2008—Still Going Strong: Research on Reducing Prejudice With Recommended Methodological Advances
Authors: Utsey Shawn O. , Ponterotto Joseph G. , Porter Jerlym S.
Published: December 2011

This article addresses the origins, mechanisms, and expressions of prejudice. A selective review of research finds strong support for the validity of G. W. Allport's (1954) contact hypothesis conditions in reducing prejudice. Methodological advances in the study of prejudice are reviewed, and implications of research findings for counselors are explored.
Racial Microaggressions Against Black Counseling and Counseling Psychology Faculty: A Central Challenge in the Multicultural Counseling Movement
Authors: Constantine Madonna G. , Smith Laura , Redington Rebecca M. , Owens Delila
Published: December 2011

This article reports on the results of a qualitative study of Black faculty working in counseling and counseling psychology programs. This investigation involved the use of semistructured interviews to explore the racial microaggressions Black faculty members reportedly experienced in academia. Results of the analysis indicated that 7 primary microaggression themes were perceived by the participants, including alternating feelings of invisibility and hypervisibility, receiving inadequate mentoring, and difficulties determining whether discrimination was race or gender based.
A 40‐Year Review of Multicultural Counseling Outcome Research: Outlining a Future Research Agenda for the Multicultural Counseling Movement
Authors: D'Andrea Michael , Heckman Elizabeth Foster
Published: December 2011

This study represents a 40‐year review of multicultural counseling outcome research that has been done in the mental health professions. Particular attention is directed to the outcomes that ensue from counseling situations that are composed of counselors and clients from different racial/cultural backgrounds and identities in individual, group, and family counseling settings. Recommendations are presented for the next decade of multicultural counseling outcome research.
Book Review of Adlerian Therapy: Theory and Practice
Authors: Peluso Paul R.
Published: December 2011

Book reviewed in this article:

Adlerian Therapy: Theory and Practice, by Jon Carlson, Richard E. Watts, and Michael Maniacci, 2006
Book Review of Empathy in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Perspectives and Practices
Authors: Peterson Kristina A.
Published: December 2011

Book reviewed in this article:

Empathy in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Perspectives and Practices by Arthur J. Clark, 2007