bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of an Artificial Intelligence Tool in the Detection of Incidental Pulmonary Embolism on Oncology Assessment Scans
Authors: AMMARI SAMY , Camez Astrid Orfali , Ayobi Angela , Quenet Sarah , Zemmouri Amir , Mniai El Mehdi , Chaibi Yasmina , Franciosini Angelo , Clavel Louis , Bidault François , Muller Serge , Lassau Nathalie , Balleyguier Corinne , Assi Tarek
Published: September 2024

The incidence of venous thromboembolism is estimated at around 3% of cancer patients. However, a majority of incidental pulmonary embolism (iPE) can be overlooked by radiologists in asymptomatic patients, performing CT scans for disease surveillance, which may significantly impact the patient's health and management. Routine imaging in oncology is usually reviewed with delayed hours after the acquisition of images. Nevertheless, the advent of AI in radiology could reduce the risk of diagnostic delay of iPE by an optimal triage immediately at the acquisition console. This study aimed to determine the accuracy rate of an AI algorithm (CIN A-iPE) in detecting iPE and the duration until the management of cancer patients in our center in addition to describing the characteristics of patients with a confirmed pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of the role of Avicenna's CE-certified and FDA-cleared CINA-iPE algorithm in oncology patients treated at Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus. The results obtained from the AI algorithm were compared with the attending radiologist's report and analyzed by both a radiology resident and a senior radiologist. In case of any discordant results, the reason for this discrepancy was further investigated. The duration between the exact time of the CT scan and analysis was assessed as well as the duration from the result’s reporting and the start of active management. RESULTS Out of 3047 patients, 104 alerts were detected for iPE (prevalence of 1.3%) while 2942 had negative findings. 36 of the 104 patients had confirmed PE while 68 alerts were false positives. Only one patient reported as negative by the AI tool was deemed to have a PE by the radiologist. The sensitivity and specificity of the AI model were 97.3% and 97.74% while the PPV and NPV were 34.62% and 99.97% respectively. Most causes of FP were artifacts (22 cases, 32.3%) and lymph nodes (11 cases, 16.2%). Seven patients experienced delayed diagnosis, requiring them to return to the ER for treatment after being sent home following their scan. The remaining patients received prompt care immediately after their testing with a mean delay time of 8.13 hours. CONCLUSION The addition of an AI system for the detection of unsuspected PEs on chest CT scans in routine oncology care demonstrated a promising efficacy in comparison to human performance. Despite a low prevalence, the sensitivity and specificity of the AI tool reached 97.3% and 97.7% respectively with detection of all the reported clinical PEs except one single case. This study describes the potential synergy between AI and radiologists for an optimal diagnosis of iPE in routine clinical cancer care.
Mitigating Effect of the Sea on Temperatures along Mediterra-Nean Coastal Areas: The Case of the Vine Territory of the Matera DOP – Basilicata (Italy)
Authors: Cirigliano Pasquale , Esposito Stanislao , Di Giuseppe Edmondo , Cresti Andrea
Published: September 2024

The temperature variations caused by the climate changes taking place in the Basilicata region, southern Italy - Ionian Seaside of the Gulf of Taranto - on the territory of the DOP Matera vineyard, were studied by means of an analysis of temperature trends considering both the period of the vegetative-productive season of the vineyards and the whole year. Two datasets were analyzed for this study: data from ERA5-Land of the C3S Climate Data Store -relative to the 1981-2022 window- and data from 5 weather stations belonging to the agrometeorological network of the Lucanian Agency for Development and Innovation in Agriculture (SAL-ALSIA), relative to the 2000-2023 window. From the results of this study, it can be deduced that, for the historical period analyzed, the Matera DOP area showed a clear and worrying trend of increasing temperatures and, in par-ticular, minimum temperatures. This increase, moreover, is more evident at higher elevations than at lower elevations close to the sea. At lower altitudes, in fact, temperatures are strongly “buffered” by the thermoregulatory activity of the bordering Ionian Sea. It follows that the DOP Matera viticultural areas, and in particular the areas furthest from the coastal strip, will already have to adapt to severe climatic conditions that will undoubtedly affect the quality and typicality of the wines.
A Machine Learning approach to Determine Risk Factors for Respiratory Bacterial/Fungal Coinfection in Critically Ill Patients with Influenza and SARS CoV-2 Infection: A Spanish Perspective
Authors: Rodríguez Alejandro , Gómez Josep , Martín-Loeches Ignacio , Claverias Laura , Díaz Emili , Zaragoza Rafael , Borges-Sa Marcio , Gómez- Bertomeu Frederic , Franquet Álvaro , Trefler Sandra , González Garzón Carlos , Cortes Lisset , Alés Florencia , Sancho Susana , Solé-Violán Jordi , Estella Ángel , Berrueta Julen , García-Martínez Alejandro , Suberviola Borja , Guardiola Juan José , Bodí María
Published: September 2024

Background: Bacterial/fungal coinfections (BFC) are associated with antibiotic overuse, poor outcomes such as prolonged ICU stay and increased mortality. Our aim was to develop machine learning-based predictive models to identify respiratory bacterial or fungal coinfections on ICU admission.
Methods: Secondary analysis of two prospective multicenter cohort studies with confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and COVID-19. Multiple logistic regression (MLR) and random forest (RF) were used to identify factors associated with BFC in the overall population and in each subgroup (influenza and COVID-19). Performance was assessed by area under the ROC curve (AUC) and out-of-bag (OOB) for MLR and RF, respectively.
Results: Of the 8,902 patients, 41.6% had influenza and 58.4% had SARS-CoV-2 infection. The median age was 60 years, 66% were male and the crude ICU mortality was 25%. BFC was observed in 14.2% of patients. Overall predictive models showed modest performance with AUC of 0.68 (MLR) and OOB 36.9% (RF). Specific models did not show improved performance. However, age, procalcitonin, CRP, APACHE II, SOFA and shock were factors associated with BFC in most models.
Conclusion: Machine learning models for predicting respiratory BFC in patients with pandemic viruses are not able to predict adequately. However, the presence of factors such as advanced age, elevated procalcitonin or CPR and high severity of illness should alert clinicians to the need to rule out this complication on admission to the ICU.
The Entourage Effect in Cannabis Medicinal Products: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: André Rebeca , Gomes Ana Patrícia , Pereira-Leite Catarina , Marques-da-Costa António , Monteiro Rodrigues Luis , Sassano Michael , Rijo Patricia , Costa Maria do Céu
Published: September 2024

This study explores the complementary or synergistic effects of medicinal cannabis constituents, particularly terpenes, concerning their therapeutic potential, known as the entourage effect. A systematic review of the literature on cannabis entourage effects was conducted using the PRISMA model. Two research questions conducted the review: (1) What are the Physiological Effects of Terpenes and Terpenoids found in Cannabis? (2) What are the proven Entourage Effects of Terpenes in Cannabis? The initial approach involved an exploratory search in electronic databases using predefined keywords and Boolean phrases across PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Analysis of published studies shows no evidence of neuroprotective or anti-aggregatory effects of α-pinene and β-pinene against β-amyloid-mediated toxicity, however, modest lipid peroxidation inhibition by α-pinene, β pinene, and terpinolene may contribute to the multifaceted neuroprotection properties of these C. sativa-prevalent monoterpenes and their triterpene friedelin. Myrcene demonstrated anti-inflammatory proprieties topically, however, in combination with CBD did not show significant additional differences. Exploratory evidence suggests various therapeutic benefits of terpenes, such as myrcene for relaxing; linalool as sleep aid, exhaustion relief and mental stress; D-limonene as an analgesic; caryophyllene for cold tolerance and analgesia; valencene for cartilage protection, borneol for antinociceptive and anticonvulsant potential; and eucalyptol for muscle pain. While exploratory research suggests terpenes as influencers in the therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids, the potential for synergistic or additive enhancement of cannabinoid efficacy by terpenes remains unproven. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm these constituents' individual and combined effects.
Aetiology, Clinical Profiles, Laboratory Parameters, Radiological Findings and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Admitted with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Center During 2023 in Myanmar
Authors: Kyaw Aung Kyaw , Ohnmar Ohnmar , Win Zin Nwe , Win Sai Kyaw , Shwe Zarni Myint , Show Kyaw Lwin , Oo Nan Aye Thida , Win Mya Thandar , Aung Khin Zarchi , Naing Win Pa Pa , Lay Phyu Phyu , Thu Hlaing Myat , Htun Zaw Than
Published: September 2024

Diagnosis of encephalitis is a challenging problem due to the heterogeneity of clinical presentations and the myriad of aetiology. The objective was to determine the aetiology, clinical features, laboratory parameters, radiological findings and in-hospital outcome of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) cases in Myanmar. Methods: A prospective analytic study was conducted at Neuromedical Ward of Yangon General Hospital during March to August 2023. 81 AES cases were enrolled and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) samples were collected. Qiastat ME Panelwas used to detect viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. Results: 17 out of 81 (21%) cases were non-encephalitis with alternative definite diagnosis. Among the remaining 64 encephalitis cases, the exact infectious and immune aetiologies were identified in 31/64 (48.4%); 26/31 cases (83.9%) were infectious causes and 5/31 patients (16.1%) were immune encephalitis. Among the infection causes, six Herpes Simplex Virus-1, one bacteriologically confirmed and seven probable Mycobacterium tuberculosis, three Haemophilus influenzae, two Streptococcus pneumoniae, one Streptococcus pyogenes, one Varicella-Zoster Virus (Ramsay Hunt Syndrome with meningoencephalitis), two Cryptococcus neoformans infected patients and rare causes such as Listeria monocytogenes, Burkholdelria cepacia, Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Aspergillus were identified. One case was dual infection with Haemophilus influenzae and Cryptococcus neformans. Abnormal protein levels and CSF pleocytosis were significantly higher among bacterial causes (P<0.05). 6.45% (2/31) of encephalitis patients with identified causes and 12.12% (4/33) of those without organism identified had bad outcome. Conclusions: Herpes encephalitis and tuberculous meningoencepalitis were the commonest. This study highlighted that molecular testing with multidisciplinary approach is required to ensure the right treatment on time.
Placental Homeostasis of Oxytocin and Its Ability to Affect the Biological Activity of Retinal Cells
Authors: Adegboro Claudette , Luo Wenxiang , Kabra Meha , McAdams Ryan M. , York Nathaniel , Wijenayake R I , Suchla Kianna Mary , Pillers De-Ann M , Pattnaik Bikash Ranjan
Published: September 2024

The development of fetal organs can be impacted by systemic changes in the mother's circulation, and the placenta is essential for pregnancy homeostasis and feeding. In clinical obstetrics, oxytocin (OXT) is used to induce labor. To further explore the placental homeostasis of OXT, we compared OXT levels in neonatal cord blood among newborns whose mothers either received OXT prenatally or underwent natural labor. Our previous study revealed that the oxytocin receptor (OXTR), a vital component of the neural retina that forms the blood-retina barrier, is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We hypothesized that.
the formation of the neural retina and vessels within it may be impacted by perinatal OXT injection, which suggests that it may be used as a therapeutic intervention for developing eye illnesses such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We first studied the amounts of OXT in neonatal cord blood. To investigate this subcellular activity, we administered OXT to mature RPE cells. With the aid of network analysis, our results suggest that perinatal administration of OXT may affect the growth of the neural retina and its corresponding retinal vessels, making it a potential therapeutic intervention for developmental eye diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Amino Acid-based Protein-mimic Hydrogel Incorporating Pro-regenerative Lipid Mediator and Microvascular Fragments Promotes the Healing of Deep Burn Wounds
Authors: Lu Yan , Su Shanchun , Chu Chih-Chang , Kobayashi Yuichi , Masoud Abdul-Razak , Peng Hongying , Lien Nathan , He Minghu , Vuong Christopher , Tran Ryan , Hong Song
Published: September 2024

Pro-regenerative lipid mediator 1 (PreM1) is a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator capable of promoting wound healing and regenerative functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), en-dothelial cells, and macrophages. The third-degree (3o) burn healing and regenerative functions of MSCs are also enhanced by ACgel1, an arginine and chitosan-based protein-mimic hybrid hy-drogel. Adipose-tissue derived microvascular fragments (MVFs) are native vascularization units and a rich source of MSCs, endothelial cells, and perivascular cells for tissue regeneration. Here we describe an innovative PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 construct that incorporates PreM1 and MVFs into ACgel1 via optimal design and fabrication is capable of delivering PreM1 to 3o burn wounds at least up to 7 days post-burn (dpb), and of scaffolding and delivering MVFs, which promoted 3o burn the healing in mice, including vascularization and collagen formation. The re-epithelization and closure of 3o burn wounds were promoted by ACgel1, MVFs, PreM1, MVFs-ACgel1, PreM1-ACgel1, or PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 at certain time-point(s) while PreM1-MVFs-ACgel1 was most effective. The PreM1-ACgel1 and MVFs-ACgel1 also promoted blood vessel regeneration of the 3o burns. These PreM1- and/or MVFs- functionalized ACgel1 have nonexistent or minimal graft-donor requirements and are promising adjuvant therapies for overcoming the drawbacks of current skin grafting or substituting for treating severe deep burns.
Therapeutic Options for Crigler-Najjar Syndrome: A Scoping Review
Authors: Sambati Vanessa , Laudisio Serena , Motta Matteo , Esposito Susanna
Published: September 2024

Crigler-Najjar Syndrome (CNS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the UGT1A1 gene, leading to impaired bilirubin conjugation and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. CNS presents in two forms: CNS type 1 (CNS1), the more severe form with a complete absence of UGT1A1 activity, and CNS type 2 (CNS2), with partial enzyme activity. CNS1 requires aggressive management, including phototherapy and plasmapheresis, but liver transplantation (LT) remains the only definitive cure. The timing of LT is critical, as it must be performed before the onset of irreversible brain damage (kernicterus), making early intervention essential. However, LT poses risks such as graft rejection and lifelong immunosuppression. CNS2 is milder, with patients re-sponding well to phenobarbital and having a lower risk of kernicterus. Recent advancements in gene therapy and autologous hepatocyte transplantation offer promising alternatives to LT. Gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors has shown potential in preclinical studies, though challenges remain in pediatric applications due to liver growth and pre-existing immunity. Autologous hepatocyte transplantation avoids the risks of rejection but requires further research. These emerging therapies provide hope for more effective and less invasive treatment options, aiming to improve the quality of life for CNS patients and reduce reliance on lifelong interven-tions.
Immunogenicity and Safety of the Recombinant Adjuvanted Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Diamantopoulos Panagiotis T. , Stafylidis Christos , Labropoulou Vassiliki , Kontandreopoulou Christina-Nefeli , Vlachopoulou Dimitra , Smilakou Stavroula , Patsialos Iraklis , Syriopoulou Stavroula , Gkikas Alexandros , Athanasopoulos Eleftherios N , Vogiatzakis Anastasios , Panousi Eleni , Kyriakakis Georgios , Anastasopoulou Amalia , Mantzourani Marina
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM) are susceptible to viral infections, including varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation due to both disease-related and treatment-induced immunosuppression. The recombinant adjuvanted herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) has shown high efficacy in immunocompetent adults, but immunogenicity data in CLL and MM patients is limited. This study evaluates the immunogenicity and safety of RZV in this population. Methods: Patients with CLL and MM vaccinated with RZV (administered in two doses at least one month apart) were included in the study. Pre- and post-vaccination anti-VZV IgM and IgG antibody levels were measured to assess immunogenicity, and adverse events (AEs) were captured for safety evaluation. Results: Seventy-eight patients received both vaccine doses, and 71 had post-vaccination samples. Most of the patients were IgM seronegative and IgG seropositive before vaccination. Pre-vaccination IgG levels were higher in CLL compared to MM patients (p=0.001), while post-vaccination IgG levels significantly increased in both CLL (p<0.0001) and MM (p<0.0001) patients. In actively treated CLL patients, the pre-vaccination IgG levels were significantly lower than in not actively treated patients (p=0.002). Post-vaccination IgG levels were lower in MM patients receiving antiviral prophylaxis concurrently with the vaccination (p=0.013). AEs were reported in 49.4% after the first dose and 48.7% after the second dose, mostly mild (local or low-grade systemic). One case of immune thrombocytopenia was noted. Conclusion: RZV demonstrated strong immunogenicity and acceptable safety in CLL and MM patients, significantly boosting IgG levels, even in actively treated or heavily pretreated patients.
The Sixth Mass Extinction and Amphibian Species Sustainability Through Reproduction Biotechnologies, Biobanking, Species Restoration, and Conservation Breeding Programs
Authors: Browne Robert K. , Lou Qinghua , Wang Pei , Mansour Nabil , Kaurova Svetlana A , Gakhova Edith N , Shishova Natalia V , Uteshev Victor K , Kramarova Lyudmilla I , Venu Govindappa , Bagaturov Mikhail F , Vaissi Somaye , Heshmatzad Pouria , Janzen Peter , Swegen Aleona , Strand Julie , McGinnity Dale
Published: September 2024

Primary themes in intergenerational justice are a healthy environment, the perpetuation of Earth’s biodiversity, and the sustainable management of the biosphere. However, the current rate of species declines globally, ecosystem collapses driven by accelerating and catastrophic global heating and a plethora of other threats, preclude the ability of habitat protection alone to prevent a cascade of amphibian and other species mass extinctions. Reproduction biotechnologies, biobanking, and conservation breeding programs (RBCs), enabling species restoration, offer a critical transformative change that can economically and reliably perpetuate species irrespective of environmental targets. These capacities extend indefinitely into the future and satisfy humanities needs as the biosphere expands into space. Currently applied RBCs include the hormonal stimulation of reproduction, the collection and refrigerated storage of sperm and oocytes, sperm cryopreservation, in vitro fertilisation, along biobanking. Advanced biotechnologies such as assisted evolution and cloning for species adaptation or restoration have yet to be fully realised. We broaden our discussion to include genetic management, broad political and cultural engagement, and future applications. The development and application of RBCs, and particularly assisted evolution and species restoration, raise intriguing ethical, theological, and philosophical issues. We address these themes with amphibian models to introduce the MDPI Special Issue, The Sixth Mass Extinction and Species Sustainability through Reproduction Biotechnologies, Biobanking, and Conservation Breeding Programs.
Severity Patterns in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Spain. I-MOVE-COVID-19 Study
Authors: Latorre-Millán Miriam , Rodríguez del Águila María Mar , Clusa Laura , Mazagatos Clara , Larrauri Amparo , Fernández María Amelia , Rezusta Antonio , Milagro Ana María
Published: September 2024

In the frame of the I-MOVE-COVID-19 project, a cohort of 2050 patients admitted in two Spanish reference hospitals between March 2020 and December 2021 was selected, and a range of clinical factors data were collected at admission to assess their impact on the risk COVID-19 severity outcomes through a multivariate adjusted analysis and nomograms. The need for ventilation and ICU admission were found directly associated with a higher mortality risk (OR 6.9 and 3.2, respectively). The clinical predictors of mortality were need for ventilation and ICU, advanced age, neuromuscular disorders, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminaemia, dementia, cancer, elevated CPK and neutrophilia (OR between 1.8 and 3.5), whilst the presence of vomiting, sore throat and cough diminished risk of death (OR 0.5, 0.2 and 0.1 respectively). Admission to ICU was predicted by the need for ventilation, abdominal pain and elevated LDH (OR 371.0, 3.6 and 2.2, respectively) as risk factors; otherwise, it was prevented by advanced age (OR 0.5). In turn, the need for ventilation was predicted by low oxygen saturation, elevated LDH and CPK, diabetes, neutrophilia, obesity and elevated GGT (OR between 1.7 and 5.2), whilst prevented by hypertension (OR 0.5). These findings could enhance patient management and strategic interventions to combat COVID-19.
The Lower Pre-Transplant Hepatitis C Antibody in Il-28B RS8099917 Tt Genotype with Higher miRNA-122 Expression May Correlate to the Acute Cellular Rejection After Ldlt
Authors: Chiu King-Wah , Lin Yu Cheng , Li Wei Feng , Huang Kuang Tzu , Hsu Li-Wen , Wang Chih-Chi
Published: September 2024

Background: miRNA-122 has been reported to be a useful tool for monitoring ACR after LT. IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotype is known to contribute to the control of HCV infection. We sought to investigate the relationship between IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotype and miRNA-122 expression and immune mechanism of ACR after LT using hepatitis C antibody calibration. Patients and Methods: A total of 45 patients with chronic hepatitis C received LDLT. IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotyping was used to divide TT and GT groups. The relative expression levels of miRNA-122 were calculated by quantitative PCR as 2[(Ct of miR-122) (Ct of U6)] normalized to a reference gene and compared to a control sample, and the anti-HCV titers before and after LT were tracked to observe the relationship with ACR. Results: In the genotype of rs8099917, TT was significantly more associated with higher serum miRNA-122 levels than GT (p = 0.029). The ACR was significantly higher in genotype TT than in GT (p = 0.002). TT was significantly associated with low levels of pre-LT anti-HCV compared with GT (p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis with 95% confidence intervals showed a significant association between rs8099917 genotype TT, lower pre-LT and higher post-LT anti-HCV and ACR. Conclusion: Based on our current data, IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotype TT may express higher miRNA-122 and correlate with lower Pre-LT and higher Post-LT anti-HCV titers, and may correlate to the pathogenesis of ACR after LT.
Influence of Patient Position-Related Differences in Intra- and Postoperative Implications on Major Anesthesia Parameters in Posterior Fossa Surgery
Authors: Radu Oana Maria , Balaci Georgeta Magdalena , Leucuța Daniel Corneliu , Moisescu Vlad Ioan , Munteanu Cristina , Florian Stefan Ioan
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Patient positioning during surgery can influence intra- and postoperative complications. Therefore, we assessed the impact of the sitting and park-bench positions on anesthetic parameters and complications in neurosurgical patients. Methods & Patients: For this retrospective study, 314 adults who underwent neurosurgical procedures for posterior fossa pathologies were divided into two groups: sitting (n=231) and park bench (n=83). The following data were collected, monitored, recorded and compared: age, sex, tumor type, surgical approach, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, and postoperative surgical complications. The association of hypotension with position was further investigated through multivariate logistic regression models by adjusting for CO2 decrease, desaturation and documented gas embolism. Results: The average age was significantly lower in the sitting group (55 years, interquartile range (IQR)=43-63; female proportion=59.74%) than in the park-bench group (62 years, IQR=45-74; female proportion=57.83%) (p<0.001). Cerebellopontine angle tumors were detected in 37.23% of the patients who underwent operation in the sitting position and in 7.26% who underwent operation on in the park-bench position (p<0.001). Patients in the sitting position had significantly greater anesthetic complication (91.77% vs. 71.08%, p<0.001), hypotension (61.9% vs. 16.87%),and >2-mmHg CO2 decrease (35.06% vs. 15.66%, p<0.001) incidences. Hypoxemia and death occurred more frequently in the park-bench group (8.43% vs. 1.73% and 6.03% vs. 1.3%, respectively). Conclusions: Compared with the park-bench position, the sitting position was associated with a greater specific anesthetic complication incidence and lower postoperative mortality rate, indicating a need for careful risk‒benefit assessment when selecting each individual patient’s surgical position.
Exploring the Application of Advanced Chromatographic Methods to Characterize the Surface Physicochemical Properties and Transition Phenomena of Polystyrene-b-Poly(4-vinylpyridine)
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir
Published: September 2024

The linear diblock copolymer polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-P4VP) is an important copolymer recently used in many applications such as optoelectronics, sensors, catalysis, membranes, energy conversion, energy storage devices, photolithography, and biomedical applications. (1) Background: The surface thermodynamic properties of PS-P4VP copolymer are of great importance in many chemical and industrial processes. (2) Methods: The inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at infinite dilution was used for the experimental determination of the retention volumes of organic solvents adsorbed on copolymer surfaces as a function of temperature. This led to the variations of the free energy of interaction necessary to the evaluation of the London dispersive and polar acid-base surface energies, the polar enthalpy and entropy, the Lewis acid-base constants, and the transition temperatures of PS-P4VP copolymer. (3) Results: The application of the thermal Hamieh model led to accurate determination of the London dispersive surface energy of the copolymer that showed non-linear variations versus the temperature highlighting the presence of two transition temperatures. It was observed that the Lewis’s acid-base parameters of the copolymer strongly depend on the temperature and the Lewis base constant of the solid surface was showed to be higher than the its acid constant. (4) Conclusions: Un important effect of the temperature on the surface thermodynamic properties of PS-P4VP was proved and new surface correlations were determined.
Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Penetapan Klasifikasi Predikat Kumuh Berat pada Kawasan Permukiman Desa di Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Abas Amir , Swasto Deva Fosterharoldas
Published: September 2024

Fenomena permukiman kumuh yang sebelumnya lebih sering terkait dengan kawasan perkotaan kini mulai merambah ke permukiman di desa. Hal ini merupakan indikasi serius tentang ketidakmerataan pembangunan dan pengelolaan wilayah. Masalah yang timbul adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara klasifikasi yang ditetapkan dengan kondisi nyata di lapangan. Banyak kawasan yang sebelumnya dikategorikan sebagai kumuh berat ternyata tidak sepenuhnya mencerminkan kondisi kekumuhan yang sebenarnya, sedangkan beberapa kawasan yang membutuhkan perhatian malah terabaikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penetapan klasifikasi predikat kumuh berat di kawasan permukiman desa Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Pendekatan deduktif dengan metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melakukan pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan serta wawancara mendalam dengan masyarakat dan pejabat pemerintah. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan triangulasi untuk memastikan keakuratan dan kredibilitas hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi infrastruktur, penggunaan indikator yang kurang tepat, pengambilan keputusan yang direktif, serta persepsi dan keterlibatan pemerintah dan masyarakat berperan signifikan dalam penetapan klasifikasi kawasan kumuh. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya penyesuaian klasifikasi kawasan kumuh dengan memperhatikan karakteristik kondisi lokal agar kebijakan dan intervensi lebih efektif dan tepat sasaran
A Literature Review of Human Resource Management in Improving Performance in Health Services
Authors: Dewi Mulyawati Sita , Setyaningsih Yuliani , Maher Denny Hanifa
Published: September 2024

Patient safety is a critical concern in healthcare, and the development and maintenance of patient safety culture are influenced by various human resource factors. This literature review aims to investigate the relationship between human resource factors and safety culture in hospital settings. The study uses a comprehensive literature search using PubMed and Science Direct, focusing on studies conducted from 2020 to 2024 with inclusion criteria based on national journals with an appropriate research scope. The review synthesizes existing research to provide valuable insights into the relationship between human resource factors and patient safety culture within the healthcare environment. The preliminary conceptual framework integrates four main factors: communication, leadership, work procedures, and human factors, providing a comprehensive guide to understanding and improving patient safety culture within the healthcare environment. The review concludes that effective communication, strong and committed leadership, clear work procedures, and the crucial role of human factors are key elements in shaping patient safety culture within the healthcare environment. The findings highlight the interconnectedness of these factors and their collective influence on the safety climate within healthcare organizations. This study contributes to the understanding of how human resource management practices can be utilized to enhance patient safety culture and patient outcomes in hospital environments.
Development of a Flipbook-based E-module integrated with GeoGebra and Genially on Similarity
Authors: Cholilah Mulik , Noor Fatirul Achmad , Harwanto
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to develop an e-module using flipbook media that is integrated with GeoGebra and Genially in Mathematics subjects, especially about similarity for class IX SMP Khadijah 2 Surabaya which can be used as interactive teaching material. The objective of this study is to develop an e-module using a flipbook for the Mathematics subject, specifically on the topic of similarity for Grade IX at SMP Khadijah 2 Surabaya, that is both effective and suitable for use. The research method employed is the R&D (Research & Development) model by Borg and Gall, which involves data collection to produce, develop, and validate the product, utilizing the ASSURE method introduced by Robert Heinich and colleagues in the 1980s. This study uses the ASSURE model, which consists of six steps: 1) Analyze Learner Characteristics; 2) State Performance Objectives; 3) Select Methods, Media, and Materials; 4) Utilize Materials; 5) Require Learner Participation; 6) Evaluate and Revise. The data used in this research includes both qualitative and quantitative data. The research data was obtained from the feasibility level assessed by learning media experts at 83%, design experts at 92%, learning material experts at 98%, peer trials at 100%, small group trials with 5 students at 88%, medium group trials with 9 students at 90%, and large group trials with 24 students at 86%.
Need Analysis of Mobile Learning Based on Problem Based Learning for Elementary School Student
Authors: Yarmi Gusti , Suntari Yustia , Usman Herlina , Yesi Yesi
Published: September 2024

Critical thinking skills of elementary school students still need to be considered again, especially in learning Social Studies. One way to improve students' critical thinking skills is by using Mobile Learning Social Studies learning media. This study aims to determine the needs analysis in developing Mobile Learning based on Problem-Based Learning in learning Social Studies in Elementary Schools where the products developed are expected to be able to improve students' critical thinking skills. The research was conducted at East Jakarta Elementary School with 30 students as research subjects. The research method used is Research and Development using the ADDIE approach including Analysis, Design, Development, implementation and evaluation. However, the implementation in this research only conducts the analysis stage to determine the analysis of student and teacher needs to develop mobile learning social studies products according to field needs. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and questionnaires. The results of this study are that the learning media used during learning still do not pay attention to the characteristics of students and the development of 21st century learning and learning models that are still fixated on classical learning models so that the development of PBL-based mobile learning media is needed.
The T4-L1-Hip Axis: Sagittal Spinal Realignment Targets in Long-Construct Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Hills Jeffrey , Mundis Gregory M. , Klineberg Eric O. , Smith Justin S. , Line Breton , Gum Jeffrey L. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Hamilton D. Kojo , Soroceanu Alex , Eastlack Robert , Nunley Pierce , Kebaish Khaled M. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Hostin Richard A. , Gupta Munish C. , Kim Han Jo , Ames Christopher P. , Burton Douglas C. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Bess Shay , Kelly Michael P. ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group
Published: September 2024

Background:

Our understanding of the relationship between sagittal alignment and mechanical complications is evolving. In normal spines, the L1-pelvic angle (L1PA) accounts for the magnitude and distribution of lordosis and is strongly associated with pelvic incidence (PI), and the T4-pelvic angle (T4PA) is within 4° of the L1PA. We aimed to examine the clinical implications of realignment to a normal L1PA and T4-L1PA mismatch.

Methods:

A prospective multicenter adult spinal deformity registry was queried for patients who underwent fixation from the T1-T5 region to the sacrum and had 2-year radiographic follow-up. Normal sagittal alignment was defined as previously described for normal spines: L1PA = PI × 0.5 − 21°, and T4-L1PA mismatch = 0°. Mechanical failure was defined as severe proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), displaced rod fracture, or reoperation for junctional failure, pseudarthrosis, or rod fracture within 2 years. Multivariable nonlinear logistic regression was used to define target ranges for L1PA and T4-L1PA mismatch that minimized the risk of mechanical failure. The relationship between changes in T4PA and changes in global sagittal alignment according to the C2-pelvic angle (C2PA) was determined using linear regression. Lastly, multivariable regression was used to assess associations between initial postoperative C2PA and patient-reported outcomes at 1 year, adjusting for preoperative scores and age.

Results:

The median age of the 247 included patients was 64 years (interquartile range, 57 to 69 years), and 202 (82%) were female. Deviation from a normal L1PA or T4-L1PA mismatch in either direction was associated with a significantly higher risk of mechanical failure, independent of age. Risk was minimized with an L1PA of PI × 0.5 − (19° ± 2°) and T4-L1PA mismatch between −3° and +1°. Changes in T4PA and in C2PA at the time of final follow-up were strongly associated (r2 = 0.96). Higher postoperative C2PA was independently associated with more disability, more pain, and worse self-image at 1 year.

Conclusions:

We defined sagittal alignment targets using L1PA (relative to PI) and the T4-L1PA mismatch, which are both directly modifiable during surgery. In patients undergoing long fusion to the sacrum, realignment based on these targets may lead to fewer mechanical failures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Liposomal Bupivacaine Does Not Decrease Postoperative Pain in Patients with Intracapsular Femoral Neck Fracture Treated with Hemiarthroplasty
Authors: Kang Kevin K. , Voyvodic Lucas , Komlos Daniel , Swiggett Samuel , Ng Mitchell K.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is a long-lasting local anesthetic agent that was developed for use in the surgical setting to help manage postoperative pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of LB on postoperative pain, function, and overall hospital course in patients with intracapsular hip fractures who were treated with hip hemiarthroplasty.

Methods:

This was a single-center, randomized prospective double-blinded study of 50 patients with an isolated intracapsular femoral neck fracture who were treated with hip hemiarthroplasty from 2018 to 2022. The study group consisted of 25 patients who were treated with intraoperative LB and bupivacaine hydrochloride injections, while the control group consisted of 25 patients who were treated with intraoperative bupivacaine hydrochloride injections only. Primary outcomes were a visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, total morphine milligram equivalents (MME), delirium, and time to ambulation with physical therapy.

Results:

No significant differences between the study and control groups were found in any of the outcomes measured. Most notably, there were no differences in the average postoperative pain score (VAS, 2.26 versus 2.7; p = 0.34), total MME used postoperatively (11.73 versus 9.98 MME; p = 0.71), and postoperative day of discharge (4.00 versus 3.88 days; p = 0.82).

Conclusions:

The results of our study suggest that use of LB is not associated with substantially improved postoperative pain or function or with a shorter hospital course following hip hemiarthroplasty for a femoral neck fracture. Given the higher cost of LB compared with standard postoperative pain modalities, it is worth questioning its use in the setting of geriatric hip fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Pilot Study of Factors Affecting Student Veterans’ College Choice
Authors: Olt Phillip A. , Whitaker Whitney , Kastle Seth , Kriley Taylor
Published: September 2024

This study considered the factors that student veterans considered when making a choice of where to attend higher education. This report is of results from a survey implemented in a nationwide pilot study. Respondents (N = 111) gave greater weight in college choice to items generally associated with college satisfaction, such as cost, program availability, and supports, over “military friendly”-type marketing. This is of significant importance to those practitioners and institutions serving student veterans, as there is great time and financial cost to many of those military-specific marketing surveys and options.
People Don’t Quit Their Jobs; They Quit Their Bosses J. Green | Battle-Proven Leadership, Inc. 2024 | 148 pp. KDP Paperback ISBN: 9798865397038, KDP Hardcover ISBN: 9798865397427
Authors: Lewis Jennifer F.
Published: September 2024

In People Don’t Quit Their Jobs; They Quit Their Bosses, Jennifer-Ruth Green, a senior U.S. Air Force officer and CEO of Battle Proven Leadership, offers a guide to effective leadership. Published in 2024, the book is structured into three parts- Leadership Fundamentals, Leadership & You, and Leading Others. Each section provides insights and personal anecdotes from both combat and corporate contexts. Green distinguishes between leadership and management, emphasizing the importance of trust and culture in team dynamics, and explores practical strategies for decision-making, expectation management, and developing future leaders. The book is designed for leaders at all levels seeking to enhance their skills and build thriving teams. While Green could provide more in depth correlation in regard to the military to civilian transition and corporate leadership, the book can be supplemented with additional training seminars available through her company Battle Proven Leadership.
Progressive technologies of laser surfacing and gas‑thermal spraying
Authors: Panteleenko F. I. , Zheng Penchen
Published: September 2024

The article notes the experience of Yantai Huaheng Energy Conservation Technology Co., Ltd in applying protective anti‑corrosion polymer coatings and discusses the most promising modern recovery and strengthening technologies of thermal spraying (PAPS, AS, HVAF, HVOF) and laser cladding (LASC). Examples of installations that the company has and typical restored machine parts with protective wearand corrosion‑resistant coatings and the microstructure of coatings are given. The main stages of a typical technological process for applying coatings are noted. Using the example of the company, the feasibility and effectiveness of the development of this area in China is noted.
IMPACTO DEL NUEVO RÉGIMEN COMUNITARIO DE COMERCIO DE DERECHOS DE EMISIÓN EN LOS HOGARES
Authors: Roca Reina Juan Carlos , Volt Jonathan , Toleikyte Agne , Carlsson Johan
Published: September 2024

La calefacción de los edificios es responsable del 40% del consumo final de energía y del 36% de las emisiones totales de gases de efecto invernadero en la Unión Europea. Por esta razón, la mejora de la eficiencia energética de los edificios y la eliminación progresiva del uso de combustibles fósiles para calefacción son pilares fundamentales para alcanzar los objetivos climáticos del Green Deal. Como parte de la estrategia para alcanzar estos objetivos, se ha establecido un nuevo sistema de comercio de derechos de emisión (ETS 2), que cubrirá las emisiones de CO2 procedentes de la combustión de combustibles en los sectores de la construcción y el transporte a partir de 2027. Este estudio analiza las repercusiones del ETS 2 en los hogares, incluida su influencia en la rentabilidad de diferentes medidas de renovación y soluciones limpias de calefacción. El resultado ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre cómo influirá este nuevo régimen de comercio de derechos de emisión en el consumidor final y en las inversiones en tecnologías energéticas limpias durante la próxima década.
ESTUDIO EXERGÉTICO DEL SISTEMA DE BOMBA DE CALOR EXPERIMENTAL TQ-PLINT TE94
Authors: Castro Hernández Sergio , Lugo Mendez Helen D. , Ambriz García Juan J. , Cervantes Ruiz Judith , Lugo Leyte Raúl
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo se aplica el método exergético a la bomba de calor experimental TQ-Plint TE94, que opera como bomba de calor y enfriador de aire. El sistema opera con refrigerante R-22 y las condiciones ambientales de temperatura y presión al momento de realizar el experimento fueron de 0.78 bar y 17 °C. El método exergético se utiliza para evaluar la diferencia entre el desempeño máximo y, el real de los ciclos de bombas de calor y enfriador y, para determinar los procesos en donde se tienen las mayores irreversibilidades. Cuando el sistema funciona como bomba de calor, el coeficiente de operación (COP) máximo es de 6.53 y el real de 4.90; y cuando el sistema opera como enfriador, el COP máximo es de 8.57 y el real es de 4.06. En este punto de operación, el flujo másico de refrigerante requerido fue de 0.010 kg/s y una potencia suministrada al compresor de 394 W para la bomba de calor y, para el enfriador de 0.015 kg/s y 605 W, respectivamente. En ambos casos se utiliza un flujo volumétrico de agua de 2 L/min; cuando el sistema opera como bomba de calor el flujo de agua sirve como suministro de calor y cuando opera como enfriado sirve como sumidero de calor.
High patient acceptance of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) as part of a one-stop see-and-treat pathway within an innovative NHS cataract unit
Authors: Roberts Harry , Alsusa Maher , Ahmad Shakeel , Smith Zoe , Evans Sam , Wilkinson Elizabeth
Published: September 2024

Background
Constituting ~0.5% of all NHS cataract operations, national provision of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) is limited. Combining offering ISBCS within a novel one-stop see-and-treat (S&T) cataract pathway would offer patients the opportunity for two cataract operations in a single hospital visit. Patient acceptance of ISBCS amongst urban populations has been investigated. However, little is understood about ISBCS acceptance rurally.
Methods
Retrospective observational study at the Nightingale Hospital, Exeter investigating patient acceptance of ISBCS within S&T; following the implementation of a S&T cataract pathway entailing a pre-operative patient-clinician telephone consultation and subsequently scheduled single date of assessment and surgery. Patient acceptance and factors potentially influencing decisions were investigated.
Results
200 patient telephone consultations between 22nd August 2023 and 9th January 2024 were evaluated. 198 (99%) patients referred were suitable for S&T cataract surgery, of whom 109 (54.5%) were deemed eligible for offering ISBCS S&T cataract surgery. Of the eligible participants, 78 (71.56%) favoured ISBCS. No significant differences in age, sex, distance from hospital or refractive data were identified between ISBCS accepting and declining participants.
Conclusions
Our results illustrate a high patient acceptance rate (71.56%) of ISBCS within our population in contrast with published national rates. Offering ISBCS within a S&T model would allow patients to benefit from having both cataracts assessed and treated within a single hospital visit.