bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of using Brovadazol-20 for treatment and prevention of post-diplostomos
Authors:   Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsia, Berezovsky I. , Grishin B. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, Tushnitska N. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To investigate the efficacy of the prevention and treatment of post-diplostomatosis in carp using Brovadazole-20 and to provide recommendations for its use in aquaculture. Methodology. The study was conducted during 2015-2021 in pond farms of Vinnytsia region. The object of the study were age-1+ carps. The disinvasive properties of different concentrations of Brovadazole-20 were studied at the Research Laboratory of Ichthyopathology of Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University. Brovadazole-20 was used in 10 experimental groups as a part of a medicated feed mixture (MFM) containing from 0.1% to 1.0% of the product by making a granular feed. The daily dose of MFM for treatment was 2.5% by weight of fish. Subjects were clinically observed for 56 days after drug administration with an interval of two weeks. On the 14th day, samples were taken again and examined, as in the diagnosis. Examinations of skin scrapings for postodiplostomosis metacercariae in age-0+ fish were performed until the disappearance of clinical signs of the disease. The efficacy of Brovadazole-20 was determined as changes in black spots of different sizes on the body and the results of microscopy of skin scrapings for metacercariae in age-0+ fish. Findings. The study showed that administration of Brovadazole-20 at low concentrations as a part of a therapeutic feed mixture for fish in the spring and summer did not affect the presence of detected metacercariae in the study objects. The highest content of metacercariae (68.7%) was observed on the 56th day of the experiment at a concentration of 0.1%. At the same exposure regime, but at a concentration of 0.5%, the content of metacercariae of digenean trematode Posthodiplostomum cuticola in the sample was only 18.7%, and clinical signs of the disease were absent at a concentration of 0.6%. Originality. For the first time in the Vinnytsia region, a study was conducted on the use of prophylactic and therapeutic product Brovadazole-20 in postdiplostomosis in carp reared in pond conditions. Practical value. The results of this work provide recommendations on the use of prophylactic and therapeutic product Brovadazole-20 for the treatment and prevention of postodiplostomosis in carp. Key words: parasites, water bodies, monitoring, Posthodiplostomum cuticola, Brovadazole-20
Diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV): Review
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, Nazarenko M. , Rud Yu. ,   Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) causes highly contagious infectious pancreatic necrosis disease in rainbow trout and other salmonids. The limited number of preventive and curative remedies makes diagnosis and monitoring the only appropriate way to control the disease. Therefore, the aim of our work was to analyze the literature on methods of virus identification. Findings. The article presents data on some methods of diagnosis and study of the pathogenesis of infectious pancreatic necrosis. Emphasis is placed on modern molecular biological methods and sets of methods that are recommended for use in the procedure of disease surveillance, including the method of cell culture. Information on polymerase chain reaction methods is widely covered, both in classical modification (RT-PCR) and in real time PCR. Attention is also paid to the latest techniques, such as biosensors and loop isothermal amplification (LAMP). Originality. Data on the diagnosis and study of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus by modern molecular biological methods and disease monitoring are summarized. Promising ways to identify the virus in aquaculture farms in situ (in the field) are briefly presented. Practical value. The presented information will help fish pathologists to choose the appropriate method for diagnosing the disease, selection of constituent reactions or a combination of several techniques to improve sensitivity. Key words. IPNV, diagnostics, RT-PCR, cell culture, biosensors.
Associations Between Weight and Lower Respiratory Tract Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Halvorson Elizabeth E. , Saha Amit , Forrest Christopher B. , Razzaghi Hanieh , Brittan Mark , Christakis Dimitri A , Cole F. Sessions , Mejias Asuncion , Phan Thao-Ly Tam , McCrory Michael C. , Wells Brian J. , Skelton Joseph A. , Poehling Katherine A. , Tieder Joel S.
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE

To identify associations between weight status and clinical outcomes in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) or asthma requiring hospitalization.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 2 to 17 year old children hospitalized for LRTI and/or asthma from 2009 to 2019 using electronic health record data from the PEDSnet clinical research network. Children <2 years, those with medical complexity, and those without a calculable BMI were excluded. Children were classified as having underweight, normal weight, overweight, or class 1, 2, or 3 obesity based on Body Mass Index percentile for age and sex. Primary outcomes were need for positive pressure respiratory support and ICU admission. Subgroup analyses were performed for children with a primary diagnosis of asthma. Outcomes were modeled with mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression incorporating age, sex, and payer as fixed effects.

RESULTS

We identified 65 132 hospitalizations; 6.7% with underweight, 57.8% normal weight, 14.6% overweight, 13.2% class 1 obesity, 5.0% class 2 obesity, and 2.8% class 3 obesity. Overweight and obesity were associated with positive pressure respiratory support (class 3 obesity versus normal weight odds ratio [OR] 1.62 [1.38–1.89]) and ICU admission (class 3 obesity versus normal weight OR 1.26 [1.12–1.42]), with significant associations for all categories of overweight and obesity. Underweight was also associated with positive pressure respiratory support (OR 1.39 [1.24–1.56]) and ICU admission (1.40 [1.30–1.52]).

CONCLUSIONS

Both underweight and overweight or obesity are associated with increased severity of LRTI or asthma in hospitalized children.
Impact of Routine Childhood Immunization in Reducing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States
Authors: Talbird Sandra E. , Carrico Justin , La Elizabeth M. , Carias Cristina , Marshall Gary S. , Roberts Craig S. , Chen Ya-Ting , Nyaku Mawuli K.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Current routine immunizations for children aged ≤10 years in the United States in 2019 cover 14 vaccine-preventable diseases. We characterize the public-health impact of vaccination by providing updated estimates of disease incidence with and without universally recommended pediatric vaccines.

METHODS

Prevaccine disease incidence was obtained from published data or calculated using annual case estimates from the prevaccine period and United States population estimates during the same period. Vaccine-era incidence was calculated as the average incidence over the most recent 5 years of available surveillance data or obtained from published estimates (if surveillance data were not available). We adjusted for underreporting and calculated the percent reduction in overall and age-specific incidence for each disease. We multiplied prevaccine and vaccine-era incidence rates by 2019 United States population estimates to calculate annual number of cases averted by vaccination.

RESULTS

Routine immunization reduced the incidence of all targeted diseases, leading to reductions in incidence ranging from 17% (influenza) to 100% (diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae type b, measles, mumps, polio, and rubella). For the 2019 United States population of 328 million people, these reductions equate to >24 million cases of vaccine-preventable disease averted. Vaccine-era disease incidence estimates remained highest for influenza (13 412 per 100 000) and Streptococcus pneumoniae-related acute otitis media (2756 per 100 000).

CONCLUSIONS

Routine childhood immunization in the United States continues to yield considerable sustained reductions in incidence across all targeted diseases. Efforts to maintain and improve vaccination coverage are necessary to continue experiencing low incidence levels of vaccine-preventable diseases.
Os sonhos e a vida dos jovens das periferias
Authors: Araujo Eveline
Published: July 2022

As artes são formas de atuação dialógica no mundo, potencializadas pela popularização das tecnologias comunicacionais. Para os jovens, os territórios “real” e “virtual” são complementares na produção fílmica em multiplataformas. Este artigo analisa em 48 filmes do acervo das Oficinas Kinoforum os elementos socioculturais predominantes na produção de jovens (15 a 25 anos) das periferias de São Paulo. Identificou-se as respectivas narrativas sociais, investigando o conteúdo (retórico) e poético (funcional) de cada filme. Nos resultados, emergiram três eixos temáticos: religião-espiritualidade; lazer-utilização do tempo livre; mobilidade-afetividade. As narrativas sociais marcam diferenças entre territórios, bem como a conscientização sobre a falta de infraestrutura e equipamentos sociais básicos inerentes às localidades. Concluiu-se que os filmes evidenciam os modos de vida e os códigos sociais específicos de cada periferia, engendrando uma potente lógica alternativa que busca legitimar direitos sociais, inclusive o de compartilhar suas realidades em filmes, nas telas e na internet.
What’s Metaverse Film? Sci-fi, DAO or Digital installation?
Authors: Linuo Zhao
Published: July 2022

“Metaverse” has been gaining popularity since 2021 and the term has observably inextricable relation with cinema. But the implication of Metaverse film should be far more than a sci-fi subgenre. Following Deleuze and Manovich’s discourse of intermediality analysis, this paper discusses how Metaverse influences cinema with its connotation, cultural principles as well as its technologies, argues that it may bring about a fundamental change to cinema, especially when it is integrated with video installations, which will change cinema in all aspects of its aesthetics, narrative and distribution, and explores these revolutions from both the aesthetic and material perspectives of cinema.
Gamification in a textbook for Brazilian learners of English
Authors: Franco Claudio de Paiva
Published: July 2022

Gamification, i.e. the use of game design elements in non-game settings, has attracted an increasing academic interest with numerous research papers having been published on the application and evaluation of gamification in education. The strenuous effort to introduce innovation to textbooks and improve student engagement in the classroom has allowed gamification to gain ground in English language teaching. This article aims to present and discuss the strategies implemented to gamify a textbook for young Brazilian learners of English. In addition, it also intends to contribute to materials writing by describing some game design principles. Pedagogic and design implications stemming from the strategies adopted in the examined textbook include providing a variety of game design elements on varying levels of abstraction (game interface design patters, game design patterns and mechanics, game design principles and heuristics, and game models). Finally, the text shares some reflections on the importance of creating a student-centred learning environment based on meaningful gamification.
Patterns of wildlife hunting and trade by local communities in eastern Amazonian floodplains
Authors: Bastos da Silva André , E. R. Pereyra Paula , R. El Bizri Hani , M. S. Souto Wedson , Sá Leitão Barboza Rafael
Published: July 2022

Local people living in the Amazon rainforest rely heavily on wild meat as a source of protein and income. While the patterns and drivers of wildlife hunting and trade by local communities are well-known for upland forests, such aspects have been poorly explored in Amazonian ﬂoodplains. This study aims to describe wild meat hunting and trade patterns and assess the hunting dynamics of local communities in Amazonian ﬂoodplain areas. For this purpose, we interviewed 121 hunters in 36 communities living in white-water ﬂooded forests in the lower Amazon River, Brazil. Thirty taxa were cited as hunted by interviewees, who used a repertoire of 13 hunting techniques. Aquatic and semi-aquatic taxa were the most prevalent, especially Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Cairina moschata, and Podocnemis uniﬁlis. Eight taxa were cited as traded; wild meat was sold at 2.57 ± 2.22 USD/kg, while eggs of birds and turtles were sold at 0.37 ± 0.27 USD/unit. We found an inverted-U relationship between the body mass and the number of citations per taxa, with species weighing between 10-40 kg presenting the highest number of citations. The hunting patterns found here are diﬀerent from those frequently found in the literature for upland environments. Understanding these hunting and trade patterns will help develop tailored wildlife conservation and management strategies for Amazonian ﬂoodplains.
Participación comunitaria, acción política y transformaciones urbanas en perspectiva socioestética
Authors: Iazzetta Di Stasio Esteban Pedro , Pérez Jiménez César Augusto
Published: July 2022

La participación comunitaria y acción política en la transformación urbana es el planteamiento central en esta discusión, además, surgida de las prácticas, imágenes y saberes sociales en el encuentro entre la arquitectura de la ciudad como escenario y la vida urbana cotidiana como el componente simbólico que desvela identidades en la trama de significaciones interculturales. El propósito es fundamentar procesos de diseño urbano participativo comunitario a partir del análisis socioestético de la vida urbana, entendido como enfoque epistemológico, teórico y metodológico para la transformación urbana desde el diálogo colectivo. Entre los hallazgos se obtuvo una serie de categorías de análisis, a saber: análisis histórico socio cultural, análisis de la vida urbana como praxis cotidiana, caracterización de la calidad ambiental del espacio dadas las condiciones territoriales locales, ordenamiento de las tecnologías de seguridad y control, y la producción popular de políticas públicas del espacio urbano, considerando las políticas públicas. La investigación realizada en el casco histórico de Santa Lucía enfatiza la relación entre el espacio-tiempo, la cotidianidad y la arquitectura urbana, determinante para pensar un urbanismo intercultural centrado en diálogos comunitarios construidos con, desde y para la gente, fortaleciendo la participación y acción política en la creación de espacios urbanos respondientes a las necesidades y demandas de las comunidades.
La circulación y apropiación del principio de la planificación integral en Costa Rica (1949-1980)
Authors: Bonilla Castro Alejandro
Published: July 2022

El propósito de este artículo es analizar, desde el marco de los programas de asistencia técnica internacional, la circulación del principio de la planificación integral en Costa Rica entre 1949 y 1986. Se comprenderán los programas de asistencia técnica como reflejos de la “globalización solidaria” que promovió las Naciones Unidas después de 1945 y que posibilitaron, a través de diversas modalidades como las misiones de asesoría, las becas, la difusión de investigaciones y la organización de congresos, la cooperación entre las naciones en numerosos campos, entre ellos, la planificación urbana. A través de la metodología del análisis estructural de redes, se determinarán cuáles actores y eventos internacionales fueron fundamentales en ese proceso para Costa Rica. Seguidamente, se determinará la forma en cómo el Instituto Nacional de Vivienda y Urbanismo (INVU) se apropió del principio y lo aplicó en los proyectos de la Ciudad Satélite de Hatillo y el Centro Cívico Nacional.
El doble valor del análisis tipológico en la protección del Ensanche de Valencia
Authors: Alonso De Armiño Pérez Luis Carlos , Vicente-Almazan Pérez De Petinto Gonzalo
Published: July 2022

El presente texto aborda dos estudios tipológicos, realizados consecutivamente, sobre el conjunto de edificios que componen el "Ensanche" histórico de Valencia. El primer análisis, llevado a cabo con motivo de la redacción de los Planes Especiales de Protección (PEP) del Ensanche, tuvo como objetivo determinar las capacidades y los límites de los edificios para admitir una actualización deseable y necesaria de su valor de uso y, al mismo tiempo, garantizar la preservación de su identidad en términos de forma percibida. Por su parte, el segundo análisis está centrado, con mayor precisión y profundidad, en el estudio de la evolución histórica de los tipos de edificio, conjugando su diseño con el establecimiento de las modalidades de propiedad y negocio inmobiliario a lo largo de más de medio siglo. Cada uno de los dos análisis siguió una metodología propia, tal como se señala en el texto. La presentación de aspectos relevantes de ambos estudios pretende ofrecer una perspectiva sobre la hipótesis del doble carácter que ofrece el análisis tipológico: por un lado, en tanto que herramienta de trabajo propositiva, de proyecto, orientada a una acción normativa de protección ambiental y patrimonial, para controlar la transformación mediante el rediseño. Por otro lado, como herramienta de indagación y conocimiento de base científica sobre la lógica de la evolución histórica de los tejidos urbanos. Uno y otro han demostrado ser complementarios y de utilidad para discernir sobre el doble sentido del patrimonio: el control formal y la percepción cultural.
El paisaje de nuestros sueños, reconociendo la Ciudad Lineal de la Costa Daurada
Authors: Royo Bareng Anna , Fabregat González Jaume , Santacana Portella Francesc , Sardá Ferran Jordi
Published: July 2022

Este texto propone una breve reflexión sobre el paisaje del litoral mediterráneo cuya imagen actual es el explícito resultado de los cambios de paradigma que, con la llegada del turismo masivo, se producen a lo largo del siglo XX. A menudo, el estudio del desarrollo residencial en la costa mediterránea parte del análisis de los primeros modelos de implantación de Ciudad Jardín-Balneario, cuyas directrices –importadas– fueron claras y, en cierta medida, acertadas. Paseando por el laberinto de la ciudad, hoy invertebrada, coleccionamos espacios, objetos y vivencias mediante fotografías, dibujos, cartografías y relatos. En contraste con materiales de archivo, presentamos documentos-radiografía para conseguir comprender un paisaje dibujado tanto por el planeamiento funcional como por el kitsch personal. Seguimos con la investigación que iniciamos en Recomponiendo fragmentos. Hoy, con la intuición de que mantener un ojo atento al detalle de lo doméstico mientras el otro mira desde lejos el fenómeno que lo abraza –una mirada a dos escalas– nos puede revelar algunas claves esenciales para poder comprender nuestro paisaje próximo e interactuar con él. Un paisaje tan irracional en apariencia –visto de lejos– quizá podría –mirado de cerca– entenderse como algo lógico y natural pues no es más que el paisaje de nuestros sueños, materializado, convertido en realidad.
Reference values for the cross sectional area of normal tibial nerve on
high-resolution ultrasonography
Authors: Singh Kunwar Pal , Kaur Sumanjeet , Arora Vijinder
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of the study was to establish reference values for the
cross-sectional area of the tibial nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography and to
investigate the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the tibial nerve and
subject’s age, gender, height (in cm), weight (in kg) and body mass index. Methods: Two
hundred subjects of either gender and over 18 years of age with no history of peripheral
neuropathy or trauma to the lower limb were evaluated with high-resolution
ultrasonography. Mean cross-sectional areas of tibial nerves were measured at two
different levels in both lower limbs, first at 1 cm below the bifurcation of the sciatic
nerve into tibial and common peroneal nerves (level I) and the second at 1 cm superior
and posterior to the medial malleolus (level II). Results: The mean cross-sectional area
measured at level I (0.196 + 0.014 cm2) was larger than the one measured at level II
(0.111 ± 0.011 cm2 ). A positive correlation was found between the mean cross-sectional
area and height, weight, and body mass index (p <0.05). Women had smaller
cross-sectional areas of the tibial nerves than men at both sites. In addition, no
significant relationship was found with the age of the subjects (p >0.05).
Conclusion: The established reference values of the cross-sectional area of the tibial
nerve will aid in early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy.
B-mode and color Doppler imaging of different types of branchial cleft cysts in
children. A multicenter study and review of the literature
Authors:   Department of Oral Surgery,
            Implant Surgery, and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of
            Thessaloniki, Greece, Delantoni Antigone , Onder Merve ,   Faculty of Dentistry,
            Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey, Orhan Kaan ,   Faculty of Dentistry,
            Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
Published: July 2022

Aim: The term “branchial cleft cyst” refers to the lesions that can be considered
synonymous with cervical lymphoepithelial cysts. Although relatively rare, they
constitute the second major cause of head and neck pathologies in childhood. This study
aimed to report the clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management of pediatric
patients with the pathological diagnosis of branchial cleft cyst. Material and methods:
This study was a retrospective analysis of the records of 33 patients with the diagnosis
of branchial cyst, in two different university hospitals, in two different populations.
Results: Thirty-three cases of branchial cleft cysts were seen in 33 patients: 17
females and 16 males. The majority (16 patients) were 2nd branchial cleft cysts.
Accurate diagnosis of branchial cleft malformation was made via imaging in 20 of the 21
(95%) patients that underwent preoperative surgical ultrasonographic imaging.
Conclusion: Branchial cleft cysts are frequently incorrectly diagnosed and ignored in
the differential diagnosis. Thus, the diagnosis is often delayed, resulting in the
mismanagement of affected patients. A branchial cyst should be suspected in any patient
with a swelling in the lateral aspect of the neck, regardless of whether the swelling is
solid or cystic, painful or painless. The use of ultrasonography can dramatically help
clinicians with distinguishing branchial cleft cysts from other similar lesions of the
head and neck.
Sonographic findings of a gynecological cause of acute pelvic pain – a systematic
review
Authors:   University Institute of Radiology
            and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan, Talat Hafsa , Murrium Syeda Khadija Tul-Sughra ,   University Institute of
            Radiology and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore,
            Pakistan, Suleman Taiba ,   University Institute of
            Radiology and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore,
            Pakistan, Tallat Easha ,   Allied Health Professionals,
            Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Naveed Fatima ,   University Institute of
            Radiology and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore,
            Pakistan, Shah Syed Joun Hussain ,   University Institute of
            Radiology and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore,
            Pakistan, Zulfiqar Gull E Hina ,   University Institute of
            Radiology and Medical Imaging Technology, The University of Lahore,
            Pakistan
Published: July 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use ultrasonographic data to rule out
and distinguish diseases that cause acute pelvic pain. Material and method: The
literature was reviewed using a systematic search of the databases Google Scholars and
PubMed, as well as through hand searching. We looked through a total of 35 articles, but
only 26 were selected after preliminary screening. Furthermore, 14 articles were left
out because they required a membership, copyright clearance, or featured non-English
references. There were a total of 12 articles included in the final revuew. Among all
the study-related articles, only original research studies and one systematic review
that sonographically explored the gynecological etiology of acute pelvic pain were
selected. Results: Acute pelvic pain in women might be difficult to identify between
gynecologic and non-gynecologic causes based solely on patient history and examination.
Advanced imaging, like ultrasound, aids in determining the reason. Pelvic inflammatory
disease can be difficult to diagnose, and clinicians should use a low threshold for
starting presumptive treatment in order to avoid significant long-term effects such as
infertility. Conclusions: Pelvic pain can be acute, chronic or functional. Imaging
investigations such as CT, ultrasonography, and MRI can assist in establishing a
diagnosis. Particularly ultrasound scanning makes it possible to arrive at a diagnosis
with a high degree of precision.
Blind-ending bifid ureter – a case report of rare congenital anomaly and its
sonographic appearance
Authors:   Department of Ultrasound
            Diagnostics and Mammography, Mazovian Brodnowski Hospital, Poland, Łyczek Wojciech , Migda Bartosz ,   Diagnostic Ultrasound Lab,
            Department of Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Medical Faculty,
            Poland
Published: July 2022

Aim of the study: We report a case of a blind-ending bifid ureter in a 67-year-old
woman with ascites initially diagnosed with B-mode and Color Doppler ultrasonography and
afterwards verified with contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography. A literature
review of the pathogenesis, sonographic appearance with differential diagnoses and
clinical significance is also presented and discussed. Case description: The patient was
referred for an abdominal ultrasound due to enlarged abdomen circumference. Ultrasound
revealed signs of chronic pancreatitis with cavernous transformation of the portal vein
and large ascites resulting in bilateral pelvicalyceal system dilatation. Additionally,
we have preliminarily diagnosed right-sided, dilatated blind-ending bifid ureter with
associated contralateral complete duplication of the ureter and the collecting system.
These findings, initially revealed with ultrasound, were confirmed with
contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is
the first detailed description of sonographic appearance of blind-ending bifid
ureter.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of osteochondroma of the mandible: a case report
Authors:   Oral Surgery, Implant Surgery and
            Radiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Delantoni Antigoni , Matiakis Apostolos ,   Oral Pathology, Aristotle
            University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Andreadis Dimitrios ,   Oral Pathology, Aristotle
            University of Thessaloniki, Greece, Poulopoulos Athanasios ,   Oral Pathology, Aristotle
            University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: July 2022

Aim of the study: The aim of the present paper is to determine the diagnostic
features of the rare presentation of osteochondroma in the mandible. The unusual aspect
in this case is that the diagnosis was not established with cone beam computer
tomography, which is a commonly used radiographic technique in dentistry, but with the
use of ultrasonography. Case description: Ultrasonography is very useful for initial
examinations, avoiding patient exposure to additional radiation and setting the
diagnosis in debatable soft tissue involvement of various lesions. In the presented
case, even though the clinical presentation was indicative, the cone beam computer
tomography evaluation could not confirm the diagnosis, so the final diagnosis was made
by ultrasonography. Conclusions: With the latest advances in the applications of
ultrasonography in the maxillofacial region, an examination of lesions on the floor of
the mouth or in the neck area may set the diagnosis in cases where hard tissue imaging
does not provide enough information.
First faunistic report of limno-terrestrial tardigrades (Tardigrada Doyère, 1840) from the Maltese Islands
Authors: Camarda Daniele , Lisi Oscar , Mifsud David
Published: July 2022

Until now, the tardigrade fauna of the Maltese archipelago was unknown, since only the presence of unidentified tardigrades in Malta was reported in the literature. The present study includes the analysis of 11 moss and lichen samples collected in 2015 and 2017 from the islands of Malta and Gozo, and 10 historical microscopic preparations from past fieldwork by Pilato and Binda. Eleven species are reported for the Maltese archipelago, of which, three are new to science but still to be formally described. The taxonomic and faunistic data obtained are discussed in comparison with those of Sicily and North Africa, aiming to draft preliminary faunistic and biogeographic considerations.
Problems of terminology and clinical coding of necrotizing fasciitis
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Khimich S.D. , Stoianovskyi I.V. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine, Chemerys O.M. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Purpose - to analyze the typical defects of the formulation of the diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis (NF), to verify the lexically correct term NF, to develop proposals for the correct coding of NF according to ICD-10-AM. Materials and methods. The medical records of 150 patients who during 1999-2021 were treated in two hospitals of Lviv City (Ukraine) for necrotizing fasciitis was analyzed. Compared diagnoses when referred to the hospital, preliminary and final clinical diagnoses, preoperative and postoperative diagnoses, recorded their statistical codes for ICD-10. An analysis of Ukrainian and Russian-language surgical publications available in Ukraine for the period from 1985 to 2021 on the keywords «surgical soft tissue infection», «necrotizing fasciitis», «soft tissue necrosis». Results. In 142 (95.0%) of the 150 patients operated on for NF, the diagnosis was not correctly formulated during referral. Most often NF was directed and in the initial stages was treated under the guise of other diagnoses: «phlegmon», «erysipelas», «thrombophlebitis», «gangrene», «perianal abscess». NF was suspected by the surgeon prior to the first surgery only in 53 (35.33%) patients. In other cases, it was diagnosed intraoperatively or during repeated interventions. Codes corresponding to other forms of surgical infection were often used for statistical coding of NF. We also worked on lexical variants of the term «necrotizing fasciitis» in Ukrainian language. Conclusions. It was worked out the most correct terminologically Ukrainian equivalent of the diagnosis «necrotizing fasciitis». For statistical coding of NF, it should be designated as the main active disease by code M72.6. The use of a unified term and statistical coding will allow in the future to form a single within the state diagnostic-related group for fair reimbursement of funds to health care providers for treated cases of NF. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors. Key words: necrotizing fasciitis, terminology, international classification of diseases.
Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in girls
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Korobko Y.Ye. , Konoplitskyi V.S. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Fedus V.P. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of abdominal pain, which requires immediate surgical intervention in children and is a truly urgent pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. Preliminary diagnosis is made primarily on the basis of clinical data, however, in the course of further examination an integral part of the diagnostic process are additional research methods such as general blood tests, ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity. Purpose - to determine the complex diagnostic significance of the ultrasound method of research in patients with abdominal pain. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 200 medical records of inpatients treated at the Vinnytsia regional clinical hospital (Ukraine) for appendicitis in 2021 was conducted. Our study was conducted in the conditions on the basis of the analysis of medical records of inpatients. During the above-described period, ultrasound examination was performed in Vinnytsia regional clinical hospital in 200 girls with abdominal pain. Ultrasound examination was performed with Doppler scanning on ultrasound machines «SAMSUNG H 60» (South Korea) and «SAMSUNG» LS 22 EMU 1 HS (Seoul. Korea, 2016). The age distribution of girls was as follows: 0-3 years - 8 (4%) girls, 4-12 years - 86 (43%) children, 13-18 years - 106 (53%) girls. Results. Simultaneous comparison of the dynamics of local changes in the clinical picture, hemogram, the amount of endogenous intoxication and visual findings on ultrasound of the abdominal cavity avoids unwarranted surgery in patients with abdominal pain and direct the doctor to the correct tactical course in doubtful cases. Conclusions. Only a properly collected history, assessment of physical and clinical and laboratory parameters and data of laboratory methods of examination, the involvement of the necessary narrow specialists can avoid mistakes in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. It is expedient and justified in the diagnostic assessment of the clinical picture in case of suspicion of acute appendicitis to compare the indicators of the total index of endogenous intoxication with the ultrasound method of appendix removal in the dynamics of the pathological process. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: ultrasound, appendicitis, diagnosis, surgery.
Ultrasonography of the testicles in the context of laparoscopic treatment of left-sided varicocele
Authors:   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine, Nakonechnyi Y.A. , Nakonechnyy R.A. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Purpose - to determine significant sonographic pathogenetic markers of infertility formation in left-sided varicocele of II-III grades and their dynamics after laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the context of fertility restoration. Materials and methods. In the study, 214 patients with left-sided varicocele II-III grades and 25 practically healthy men aged 19 to 33 years were examined. All patients underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy. The testes volume, the resistance index in the intratesticular arteries, and the diameter of the varicose veins of the left spermatic cord at rest in a horizontal position on the back with the head raised by 15° and during the Valsalva maneuver in a vertical position. During Valsalva maneuver also determined the duration and rate of venous blood reflux in the testes. Results. Ultrasound in patients with left varicocele II-III grades confirmed deterioration of hemodynamics in the spermatic cord and testis. According to the results of sonography in patients with left varicocele II-III grades identified significant prognostic markers of testicular lesions: RI>0.66, VD>2.4 mm, VDvm>3 mm, VRFvm>2 cm/s, and DVR>1.1 s. The negative dynamics of these indicators are an indication for the correction of varicocele, and their normalization in the postoperative period indicates the effectiveness of treatment. Conclusions. Testicular ultrasound is more informative than palpation. In patients of reproductive age with left-sided varicocele II-III grades sonography diagnoses testicular tissue damage in the early stages of the disease. It should be used as a non-invasive screening method for a comprehensive examination to determine testicular lesions and for monitoring in the context of fertility prognosis after varicocelectomy. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: varicocele, laparoscopic varicocelectomy, ultrasound examination, testicles.
Organized Sports Participation Among Children Aged 6–17 Years: United States, 2020
Authors: Black Lindsey , Terlizzi Emily , Vahratian Anjel
Published: July 2022

This report describes national estimates of parent-reported organized sports participation during the past 12 months among children aged 6–17 years, using data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey analyzed by sociodemographic characteristics.
The Total Cost of the Sterilisation of Materials Used During Surgery for Postpartum Haemorrhage
Authors: Castiel Didier , Bréchat Pierre-Henri
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The aim of this research paper is to determine the incomes and outgoings related to postpartum haemorrhage implementation for organisations which support prospective payment as the Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) in United States. We have to take into account surgical costs associated with care provided for these specific patients. Among these costs, surgical acts have to be calculated in association with the sterilisation of materials which can be used more than once.
Research Design & Methods: Patients’ evaluation has been held from data collected in obstetrical and sterilisation departments of a university hospital (in Paris), which provides surgical care. The research was based on data from 2014 and 2015. All estimated costs are seen from the hospital’s point of view. Surgical care is provided according to the following acts: manual exploration of the uterus (uterine cavity), exploration with valve, hysterectomy, caesarean scar, vaginal packing or unpacking, hypogastrium (iliac vascular ligation), and repair of other organs, such as bladder and embolisation. We take into account the sterilisation of materials used during surgical acts, as well as the staff which was involved in this study.
Findings: 262 patients were taken care of with regard to postpartum haemorrhage, and 255 patient files were studied. Average age was 31.42 +/- 5.5 years old. The cost of surgical procedures goes from 275 EUR for uterus exploration to 875 EUR for hysterectomy. Cost per sterilisation cycle for material used during surgical procedures was about 100 E per cycle and about 33 E per act, no matter the nature of the act.
Implications / Recommendations: The sterilisation of medical devices used in these interventions represents a significant part of the fixed cost: 7.5% to 11.4%. These results make it possible to elaborate one or more future DRGs’ “bleeding of the delivery”.
Contribution / Value added: This study is an example showing that the current reforms do not favour the quality-of-care coverage. This can contribute to the strengthening and to the recognition of the coverage of postpartum haemorrhage as one of the first causes of maternal deaths, the reduction of which is a priority for public health, as well as a concern for the users. This study is also a contribution to managed care empowerment. Managed care helped to slow down the growth of health care expenditures.
MAPPING AND IMPORTANCE OF PROJECTS FOR GENDER EQUITY IN STEM EDUCATION
Authors: Reznik Gabriela , Massarani Luisa
Published: July 2022

Abstract In this article, we mapped the projects covered in the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development] (CNPq) calls for Meninas nas Ciências Exatas, Engenharias e Computação [Girls in the Sciences, Engineering, and Computing] program, in 2013 and 2018, and we seek to understand, through interviews with five coordinators, their perceptions about the importance of projects. We identified the capillarity of projects in the country and increased female leadership in projects contemplated in 2018. We point to the social, educational and personal dimension of the projects, acting in areas of social vulnerability, training future teachers, and the university-school relationship, and for the incorporation of an intersectional feminist perspective in gender equity policies in science education.
WOMEN IN STEM: A BRAZILIAN STUDY IN THE DIÁRIO OFICIAL DA UNIÃO
Authors: Iwamoto Helga Midori
Published: July 2022

Abstract The United Nations (UN) advocates the inclusion of women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) as a pillar for the fifth Sustainable Development Goal (gender equality). Although women have, on average, reached a higher level of education than men, they still earn less in the labor market. The organization also reports that most women are in non-STEM careers, with traditionally lower pay. This study seeks to analyze Brazilian publications involving women in STEM in the Diário Oficial da União, in order to verify whether national and international guidelines are being carried out in the institution of public policies.
Construção da integralidade na Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências: o cuidado para além dos serviços
Authors: Tofani Luís Fernando Nogueira , Furtado Lumena Almeida Castro , Andreazza Rosemarie , Nasser Mariana Arantes , Chioro Arthur
Published: July 2022

A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as dimensões do cuidado e as necessidades em saúde relatadas por usuários da Rede de Atenção às Urgências e Emergências (RUE) em uma Região de Saúde. O estudo tem caráter qualitativo e foi realizado por meio da coleta de narrativas de usuários de serviços sobre suas experiências com o processo de adoecimento e a utilização da RUE. A análise considerou os referenciais da Taxonomia das Necessidades em Saúde e das Múltiplas Dimensões da Gestão do Cuidado. Observou-se nos relatos especial ênfase à busca dos usuários por autonomia e a ação do cuidado familiar. A compreensão das necessidades em saúde dos usuários e das diferentes dimensões da gestão do cuidado em ação devem ser consideradas para formulação de políticas de saúde e para a organização de redes rumo à integralidade.
Comunicação de eventos adversos e trabalho interprofissional em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: entre o ideal e o (não) realizado
Authors: Santos Maria Luiza Rodrigues dos , Correa Júnior Antonio Jorge Silva , Silva Marcos Valério Santos da
Published: July 2022

Objetivou-se conhecer a comunicação interprofissional e a notificação de eventos adversos como estratégia de promoção do cuidado e da Segurança do Paciente na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Tomou-se como método um estudo descritivo-qualitativo realizado com 31 profissionais da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto, por meio de entrevista de caráter individual com posterior análise de conteúdo. Emergiram duas macrocategorias temáticas: a) Trabalho interprofissional e potencialidades para concretizar a comunicação e b) Entraves, impedimentos e fragilidades, abordando conjuntamente a perspectiva do trabalho interprofissional, estratégias para efetivá-lo, fragilidades nas notificações, medos e desconhecimento. Considera-se que os profissionais demonstram que a comunicação é importante para a notificação de eventos adversos interprofissionalmente, porém necessitam se unificar, entre eles e com gestores, a fim de construir uma cultura de segurança e mitigar medos e desconhecimento sobre o procedimento e seus facilitadores.
Aplicação de técnicas de desenvolvimento urbano de baixo impacto no controle da poluição das águas do Riacho das Piabas, Campina Grande, Brasil
Authors: França Lorena Rayssa Cunha , Coura Mônica de Amorim , Oliveira Rui de , Rodrigues Andréa Carla Lima , Medeiros Débora Laís Rodrigues de
Published: July 2022

RESUMO O lançamento irregular de esgoto doméstico e resíduos sólidos no sistema de drenagem, resultando na poluição dos corpos hídricos urbanos, é uma realidade comumente encontrada em todo o Brasil. Este estudo analisa a aplicação de medidas de desenvolvimento de baixo impacto na área de drenagem do Riacho das Piabas, localizado em Campina Grande – Paraíba, por meio da modelagem hidrológica dos indicadores de poluição das águas, utilizando o programa Storm Water Management Model. Monitorou-se indicadores físico-químicos de qualidade de água, em períodos seco e chuvoso, e mediu-se vazões ao longo do canal e contribuições do esgoto. Na etapa de modelagem, simulou-se três cenários: a) atual em período seco; b) atual em período chuvoso; c) cenário prevendo a aplicação de medidas estruturais e não estruturais de desenvolvimento de baixo impacto. No cenário atual em período seco, verificou-se que o processo de propagação de fluxo do escoamento eleva as concentrações dos indicadores ao longo do canal. Na simulação do período chuvoso, ocorreu diluição das concentrações dos indicadores em eventos com grande volume precipitado. Por fim, a simulação do último cenário mostrou que a adoção das medidas de desenvolvimento de baixo impacto resulta na redução das cargas poluentes do escoamento superficial e na melhoria da qualidade das águas do canal.
Elementos da sociologia compreensiva de Max Weber: aplicação categorial para a pesquisa em educação
Authors: Menezes Edmilson , Crusoé Nilma Margarida de Castro
Published: July 2022

Resumo Trata-se, neste artigo, de uma introdução ao problema do sentido com o objetivo de anunciar sua aplicação em pesquisas em educação. É uma pesquisa de caráter teórico-conceitual, cuja base teórica da análise concentra-se em Max Weber, mas se remete, organicamente, à fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl e Alfred Schutz. Com base em Husserl, percebem-se os vários aspectos em que o sentido se dá: como sentido semântico, como sentido estrutural ou eidético, como sentido fundamentador ou lógico e como sentido de motivação. Na sociologia compreensiva de Weber destaca-se o sentido de motivação, que se manifesta via ações concretas do sujeito. Schutz retém de Husserl o sentido como anterior a ação, como produto da consciência, e de Weber, o sentido de motivação da ação, o que significa, em termos de aplicação categorial na noção de sentido, nas pesquisas em educação, a possibilidade de: a) apreensão do processo educativo como produção de sentido, o que significa apreendê-la na sua dimensão subjetiva; b) reflexão sobre o papel do sujeito e do objeto na relação de pesquisa; e c) potencialização da pesquisa sobre o processo educativo, na perspectiva da compreensão. Espera-se que os resultados possam ampliar o leque de expressões metodológicas nas pesquisas em educação que se ancoram na perspectiva fenomenológico-interpretativa.