bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Pre‐Harvest Sprays as an Aid in Field Drying Corn1
Authors: Crane Paul L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In experiments conducted in 3 years, spraying nearly mature corn with endothal did not increase significantly the rate of moisture loss. Hand defoliation showed only temporary effects in 1955, whereas a small but statistically signifiant difference was indicated in 1956. No interaction was found between hybrids with inherently different rates of drying and treatments used.
Measuring Palatability Differences in Tall Fescue by Grazing Sheep1
Authors: Petersen R. G. , Weswig P. H. , Cowan J. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Consistent differences in apparent palatability among 20 genotypes of tall fescue were demonstrated by observing the behavior of a number of sheep grazing a replicated small‐plot nursery. This observational technique was found to be preferred to clipping a sample of forage before and after grazing and estimating palatability by difference.
Factors Affecting Absorption of Foliar‐Applied Manganese by Soybean Plants1
Authors: Mederski H. J. , Hoff D. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Manganese concentration in soybean plants increased 200 ppm. after 15 minutes contact between plant surfaces and applied manganese sulfate solution. Manganese absorbed by the leaves and stems increased with increasing manganese concentration in the applied solution, and with an increase in plant temperature and the length of time the manganese remained in solution on the leaf surface. A portion of the accumulated manganese appears to be held by adsorption at the leaf surface.
Photoperiod, Temperature, and Competitive Ability as Factors Affecting the Seed Production of Selected Clones of Ladino Clover1
Authors: Laude Horton M. , Stanford Ernest H. , Enloe J. Alton
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Parental clones of Pilgrim Ladino clover differed in response to overwintering condition and to photoperiod with respect to earliness and persistence of flowering. The clones differed markedly in vegetative vigor when grown at Davis. These differences were of sufficient magnitude to materially affect the constitution of seed lots harvested under diverse environmental conditions.
Performance of Narragansett and Vernal Alfalfa from Seed Produced at Diverse Latitudes1
Authors: Smith Dale
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Natural selection brought about measurable changes during one generation of seed increase in a latitude differing greatly from that wherein the variety originated. A high association was found also between plant growth types and winter survival.
Effect of Size and Type of Pot on Relative Precision, Yields, and Nutrient Uptake in Greenhouse Fertilizer Experiments1
Authors: Armiger W. H. , Dean L. A. , Mason D. D. , Koch E. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Containers that ranged in capacity from 1 gallon to 3 gallons were as satisfactory as larger containers for greenhouse fertility studies.
Plant Height Times Ground Cover versus Clipped Samples for Estimating Forage Production1
Authors: Evans Raymond A. , Jones Milton B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Plant height times ground cover (HG) can be used to estimate relative forage production and differentiate treatment effects on fertilizer plots in the annual range type of California. HG and clipping values were highly comparable for estimating relative forage productivity on these plots. A quantitative relationship between clipped samples and HG values was indicated, within fairly broad limits, at two growth stages of the vegetation. This relationship was erratic on lodged vegetation.
The Effectiveness of Selection for the Hard Seeded Character in Crimson Clover1
Authors: Bennett Hugh W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Two mass‐screening technics were effective in increasing the range of hard seededness in common crimson clover so that progeny lines with a higher percentage of hard seed were obtained. Reselection within the lines by the water‐soak method increased the average percentage of hard seed and the upper limit of the range of hard seededness.
Establishment of Grasses on Sandy Soil of the Southern High Plains of Texas Using a Mulch and Simulated Moisture Levels1
Authors: Moldenhauer William C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Emergence of seven grasses occurred at a much lower moisture level when a mulch covered the seeded area. The mulch was much less beneficial with cool temperatures during the period of germination. Weather records show that a mulch would have been helpful in 31% of the years at Big Spring, Texas, and 36% of the years at Seminole, Texas.
The Genetic Inheritance of Cytoplasmic‐Genetic Male Sterility in Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Maunder A. B. , Pickett R. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Male sterility in grain sorghum was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene interacting with sterile cytoplasm. Male sterility, as determined by lack of seed set on bagged heads, was analyzed with 27 stocks in testcrosses, selfed testcrosses, and F2 populations. The designation ms, is suggested for this gene.
Response of Meyer Zoysia to Lime and Fertilizer Treatments
Authors: Juska Felix V.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Most rapid growth of Meyer zoysia was obtained when the soil pH approached a range between 6 and 7 and adequate amounts of a complete fertilizer were used. Response to nitrogen was more pronounced than to either phosphorus or potassium; however, phosphorus significantly increased top, stolon, and root growth. An optimum supply of potassium in combination with other fertilizer elements increased stolon development.
Continuation of Long‐Time Field Experiments by Transference to Cement Frames1
Authors: Odland T. E. , Sheehan J. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Comparison with the results obtained on the field plots during the earlier periods indicated that this is an excellent method for continuing the original experiments on a much smaller area.
Pasture Soil Compaction by Animal Traffic1
Authors: Tanner C. B. , Mamaril C. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Animal traffic caused serious compaction of fine textured pasture soils, severely decreased pore‐space open to aeration, and caused a 20% decrease in alfalfa‐brome‐Ladino yields during the first pasturing year on Ontonogan clay loam.
Factors Associated with Lodging Resistance in Oats1
Authors: Norden A. J. , Frey K. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Large culm diameter and large cross section area of tissue were the most closely associated with high lodging resistance, and genotypic correlations in the F3 generation showed a sizeable common genetic association between lodging resistance and these two characters. A significant negative association was obtained between culm height and lodging resistance. The correlation between yield per panicle and lodging resistance was relatively low and should be of little importance in a plant breeding program.
Alfalfa Irrigation for Maximum Seed Production1
Authors: Taylor Sterling A. , Haddock Jay L. , Pedersen Marion W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Equivalent mean soil moisture suction between 2 and 8 bars is optimum for alfalfa seed production provided the soil is kept continuously moist until time of blossoming and irrigation water is not applied during the period of heavy bloom.
Acceleration of Water Uptake and Germination of Sugarbeet Seedballs by Surface Coatings of Hydrophilic Colloids1
Authors: Dexter S. T. , Miyamoto Takao
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Water uptake from sand and emergence of seedlings from soil were accelerated.
Performance of Crested Wheatgrass Synthetics in Advanced Generations1
Authors: Knowles R. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Synthetics of crested wheatgrass did not outyield check varieties at close row spacings. As spaced‐plants, however, synthetics outyielded checks in the Syn.1 generation. Lower yields in the Syn.2 and Syn.3 generations indicated inbreeding. Outcrosses of the Syn.2 generation of synthetics showed slight hybrid vigor.
The Influence of Light Reduction Upon the Production, Persistence and Chemical Composition of Coastal Bermudagrass, Cynodon Dactylon1
Authors: Burton Glenn W. , Jackson James E. , Knox F. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Three degrees of shade reduced forage yields, stands, root and rhizome yields, underground reserves, and available carbohydrates but increased moisture, lignin, crude protein, true protein, P, Ca, and Mg contents of forage fertilized with 200 pounds of N per acre. Rate of yield reduction was much higher in heavily fertilized grass (1600 pounds N) and paralleled light reductions. Heavily fertilized grass showed much less change in chemical composition due to shade.
Effect of Intensity and Quantity of Light on the Growth of Alfalfa, Red Clover, and Birdsfoot Trefoil1
Authors: Rhykerd C. L. , Langston Ruble , Mott G. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An increase in dry weight of the tops and roots of seedlings was obtained with an increase in light quantity from 1,200 to 38,400 foot‐candle‐hours per day. The magnitude of the increase, with increasing foot‐candle‐hours per day, was dependent upon the manner in which light was received by the plants.
Influence of Plant Spacing of the Jumbo Runner Peanut on Fruit Development, Yield, and Border Effect1
Authors: Shear G. M. , Miller L. I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Planting Jumbo Runner peanuts at variable spacings as close as six inches between plants resulted in higher yields as the space between plants was decreased. The closer spacing retarded the rate of fruit development. Border effect with close spacing was found to extend through two rows and the error from failure to eliminate an adequate number of border rows increased as the space between plants decreased.
The Production and Botanical Composition of Alfalfa‐Grass Combinations and the Influence of the Legume on the Associated Grasses1
Authors: Tewari G. P. , Schmid A. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Alfalfa‐grass mixtures yielded more forage with slightly higher alfalfa content than the same combinations with alfalfa and grasses in alternate rows, six inches apart. Growing the alfalfa and grasses as alternate double or triple rows resulted in considerable yield reduction as compared to alternate single rows or mixtures. Grass in rows 6 inches from an alfalfa row had higher yield and protein content than in rows 12, 18, or 24 inches from an alfalfa row.
The Effects of Soil Moisture Stress at Different Stages of Growth on the Development and Yield of Corn1
Authors: Denmead O. T. , Shaw R. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Moisture stress prior to silking reduced grain yield by 25%, moisture stress at silking reduced grain yield by 50% and moisture stress after silking reduced grain yield by 21%. The interactions between different growth stages were not statistically significant.
Utilization of Fertilizer by Six Pasture Grasses1
Authors: Duell Robert W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

All 6 grasses responded to 3 rates of 10–10–10 fertilizer with increases in yields and uptake of plant nutrients in the first 2 of 4 cuttings. Interactions indicated that orchardgrass and Kentucky bluegrass were more responsive to fertilization in terms of yield. Kentucky bluegrass was lower yielding early each season, but superior thereafter. Nitrogen and potassium removal by the harvested grasses exceeded that applied annually as 10–10–10. Severe soil mining of potassium was indicated.
Effect of Cropping Systems on Runoff, Erosion, and Wheat Yields1
Authors: Horner G. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Crop rotations that include legume‐grass sod crops are more effective for runoff and erosion control, soil organic matter maintenance, and high wheat yields than the unfertilized pea‐wheat and fallow‐wheat systems. Summer fallowing causes the largest erosion losses and the most rapid depletion of organic matter.
The Effect of Row Spacing, Fertilizer and Planting Rate on the Yield and Water Use of Irrigated Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Porter K. B. , Jensen M. E. , Sletten W. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Irrigated grain sorghum grown in 12‐ or 20‐inch rows produced significantly higher grain yields and produced more grain per inch of water used than in 30‐ or 40‐inch rows. This was attributed to a more uniform spacing of plants which resulted in more efficient use of moisture, nutrients, and solar energy.
Alfalfa Response to Irrigation Frequencies in the Presence of a Water Table1
Authors: Campbell R. E. , Larson W. E. , Aasheim T. S. , Brown P. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Alfalfa produced nearly as much forage under arid conditions without irrigation as with 6 irrigations per year when the water table was 5 to 9 feet below the soil surface. However, appreciable salt accumulation occurred in the 3‐ to 7‐foot soil depth.
Relation of Seed Dormancy of Green Needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.) to Age and Treatment1
Authors: Rogler George A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seed dormancy of green needlegrass decreased with increasing age of seed. Peak germination was reached at 7 years of age with a gradual decrease for 21 years. Stratifying seed in moist sand for 60 days at 2° to 4° C. resulted in high germination of new seed. Stratified seed was stored for one year without loss in germination.
Tensile Strength Variations in Leaves of Weeping Lovegrass (Eragrostis Curvula (Schrad.) Nees.) and Certain Other Grasses1
Authors: Kneebone William R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Significant leaf tensile‐strength differences were found among strains of weeping lovegrass and among clones of bermudagrass, sideoats grama, and sand bluestem. Wide within‐strain variations (leaf to leaf and plant to plant) made precise comparisons difficult. Reasons for this variation were investigated and procedures for increasing precisions of estimate are discussed. Principal source of nongenetic variations was age or growth stage of individual leaves tested.
Recurrent Selection for Seed Weight in Bromegrass, Bromus Inermis Leyss1
Authors: Christie B. R. , Kalton R. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Among 203 bromegrass clones grown in a topcross nursery, the range in mean seed weight was 0.60 to 1.26 g. per 300 seeds. Ten clones of high and 10 of low seed weight were selected and recombined in separate, isolated polycross blocks. The range in mean seed weight among 986 progeny plants was 0.44 to 1.62 g., and the means of the 2 groups of polycross progenies were significantly different. Almost 50 progeny plants were superior to the best parent clone in seed weight.
A Graphical “Regression Selection” Technique for Maturity‐Related Characters in Field Corn1
Authors: Gorsline G. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A graphical “regression selection” technique for grain yield as related to maturity is described and illustrated. It is shown that more appropriate positive and negative selection results from its use than when maturity is not adequately considered.
Root Development of Coastal Bermudagrass with High Nitrogen Fertilization1
Authors: Holt Ethan C. , Fisher F. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Coastal bermudagrass root weight per acre remained at a high level while nitrogen content of the roots, and organic matter content of the soil increased slightly as fertilizer nitrogen rates increased from 0 to 1600 pounds per acre. Hay yields were greatly increased with the same treatments resulting in an 8‐fold change in the root‐top ratio. Stands and yields have been maintained over a 6‐year period with nitrogen treatments ranging from 0 to 1600 pounds per acre.
Soil Moisture Use by Soybeans1
Authors: Peters Doyle B. , Johnson Leonard C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

From one‐fourth to one‐half of the moisture loss from soybean plots was due to evaporation directly from the soil surface, depending on the nature of the season and the plant population. Soybeans used large amounts of moisture stored in the lower part of the rooting zone. Planting in 20‐inch rows increased yields of soybeans, especially where the soil surface was left open to evaporation.
Photosynthesis Under Field Conditions. II. An Aerodynamic Method for Determining the Turbulent Carbon Dioxide Exchange Between the Atmosphere and a Corn Field1
Authors: Lemon Edgar R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Rates of exchange calculated from measurements of wind velocity and CO2 gradients in the turbulent air stream were in the same order of magnitude as those calculated by another method and the aerodynamic method does not alter the crop environment. Turbulence may be a limiting factor in supply of CO2 to an active crop on sunny days. Photosynthesis efficiency was 5% at midday and nearly 8% for total daylight period on a single day.
Yields and Stands of Orchardgrass Compared Under Clipping and Grazing Intensities
Authors: Bryant H. T. , Blaser R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of orchardgrass with comparable defoliation intensities were found to be significantly higher under clipping than grazing. The yearly clipping yields may be adjusted to yields obtained for grazing by the value b = 0.7445 if there is a linear relationship and the slope of the line passes through the origin.
Effect of Cultural Treatments on the Yield and Protein Content of Oats Cut for Silage1
Authors: Pendleton J. W. , Brown C. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Spring oat forage yields were favored by an early seeding date, heavy seeding rate, nitrogen application, and the growing of a medium or late maturing variety. When plants were harvested at the early dough stage, the leaves contained 37% of the total protein; the stems, 21%, and the grain, 42%.
Differential Responses of Grasses and Legumes to Liming and Phosphorus Fertilization1
Authors: Shoop G. J. , Brooks C. R. , Blaser R. E. , Thomas G. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Species showed a differential response to lime and phosphorus rates on an acid subsoil material. There was a tendency for lime and phosphate to compensate for each other to some degree. The yield increase due to lime was apparent up to the point at which the exchangeable aluminum was immobilized.
Trace Elements in Agricultural Limestones of the United States1
Authors: Chichilo P. , Whittaker Carlo W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Trace element contents of agricultural limestones vary widely and are highest in samples from the West North Central States. At normal liming rates many limestones contribute significant amounts of certain trace elements and a few limestones contain amounts sufficient for correction of deficiencies. Contamination from overburden and milling equipment causes agricultural limestone to be higher in trace elements than unquarried rock. Contents of several elements are proportional to silicon content or total impurity.
Effect of Fertilizer Nitrogen on Yield and Nitrogen Uptake by Grass‐Legume Pastures1
Authors: Doll E. C. , Hatfield A. L. , Todd J. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of grass‐legume pasture on Manitou silt loam were increased in only 1 of 3 years by nitrogen fertilization. On Pembroke silt loam, yields of a pasture composed mainly of grass were increased in each of 4 years by nitrogen fertilization; yields of a grass‐legume mixture were increased in 3 of 4 years. Total uptake of nitrogen was closely correlated with yields.
Effects of Mechanical Abuse of Navy Bean Seed at Various Moisture Levels1
Authors: Barriga Celio
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seed differed in susceptibility to both visible and cryptic injury, the major factors responsible for the differences being variety and moisture levels of the seed at time of treatment.
Placement of Fertilizer in Relation to Soil Moisture Supply1
Authors: Eck Harold V. , Fanning Carl
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Phosphorus uptake by grain sorghum decreased with decreasing moisture content of the fertilizer zone and became inconsequential when the soil reached the vicinity of wilting point. Nitrogen uptake was less sensitive. It continued after phosphorus uptake ceased.
Efficiency of Legume Residue Nitrogen and Inorganic Nitrogen in Corn Production1
Authors: Sutherland W. N. , Shrader W. D. , Pesek J. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Estimates of the amount of N supplied by legumes in a corn‐oats‐meadow rotation on Edina silt loam ranged from 123 to 200 pounds per acre in 1957 and from 54 to 83 pounds in 1958. The beneficial effect of the meadow crop was due primarily to N. Analyses of soil carbon indicated that carbon levels increased during the 1953–58 period on the highly fertilized continuous corn plots and rotation plots but not on the unfertilized continuous corn plots.
Effect of Amount of Mulch on Soil Temperature and Early Growth of Corn1
Authors: Burrows W. C. , Larson W. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Early growth of corn was progressively retarded by increasing amounts of mulch.
Beef Gains from Differentially Fertilized Summer Grasses in the Coastal Plain1
Authors: Suman R. F. , Woods S. G. , Peele T. C. , Godbey E. G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Maximum beef gains from summer grazing were produced with Coastal bermudagrass fertilized with 400 pounds per acre of nitrogen. Rotational grazing of Coastal bermudagrass increased beef gains very little. Protein content of the grasses varied according to season and fertilization rate but was not the factor limiting production.
Influence of Sod Treatment and Nitrogen Placement on the Utilization of Urea Nitrogen by Coastal Bermudagrass1
Authors: Jackson James E. , Burton Glenn W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Laboratory studies comparing urea and ammonium nitrate demonstrated a significant gaseous loss of urea nitrogen when applied to Coastal bermudagrass sod. This loss was insignificant when these materials were applied in March to freshly burned Coastal bermudagrass stubble or were placed 6 inches below the soil surface with special applicators.
Moisture and Nitrogen Effects on Irrigated Spring Wheat1
Authors: Robins J. S. , Domingo C. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yield depressions of 10 to 35% in irrigated spring wheat resulted from severe soil moisture stress. Reductions were greatest when stress was imposed during or after heading. Grain yield responses to nitrogen were due largely to increased head population. There appears to be no benefit in the irrigation of spring wheat prior to the boot stage unless moisture stress as indicated by wilting or curling of leaves is observed.
Ladino Clover‐Tall Fescue Association as Affected by Soil Treatment and Grass Population Variables1
Authors: Paden W. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Highly significant differences were found in the effects of variable rates of nitrogen, rates of potassium, and spacing of fescue on survival of stands of clover as determined by counting the numbers of live stolons per meter line in spring and fall. The change in numbers between seasons was less with the potassium treatments. The intermediate stand of fescue, or 12″ spacing, produced higher yields of forage and forage of more desirable composition than the thinner or thicker stands. The medium rate of nitrogen and high rate of potassium treatments were the most favorable for survival of clover in the association.
Wear Resistance of Cool Season Turfgrasses. Effects of Previous Mowing Practices1
Authors: Youngner Victor B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Studies using an “accelerated wear” machine showed significant differences in wear resistance among several grass mixtures. One‐half‐inch mowing for 3 years prior to the tests was found to reduce wear resistance compared to mowing at 2 inches. Restricted grass development under close mowing is suggested as a possible cause of the reduced wear resistance.
Mowing of Turfgrass. III. The Effect of Rest on Seaside Bentgrass Turf Mowed Daily1
Authors: Madison John H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

On a Seaside bentgrass turf mowed daily, 1 to 5 days a week rest from mowing were used. All rest periods resulted in increased yield. Two or 3 consecutive days of rest were more effective than the same time spread through the week. Grain as indicated by population density was not increased by 1 or 2 days a week rest.
Effects of Season and Location on Quality of Cookies from Several Wheat Varieties1
Authors: Yamazaki W. T. , Lamb C. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Season was found to be considerably more important than location in causing variability in cookie baking potential of flours within a variety. However, certain varieties showed significant locational effects.
Effect of Whey on Soil and Plant Growth1
Authors: Sharratt W. J. , Peterson A. E. , Calbert H. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Whey was effective in increasing corn yields the first and second growing season after application. If, during one season more than 4 acre‐inches of whey are applied sufficient salts may accumulate to temporarily inhibit plant growth. The protein in whey is readily converted to nitrates. Whey also benefited the soil physical status.
Availability of Soil Water to Plants as Affected by Soil Moisture Content and Meteorological Conditions1
Authors: Denmead O. T. , Shaw R. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Actual transpiration decreased with decreasing soil moisture content and increasing potential transpiration. Average soil suction in the root zone when the actual transpiration rate fell below the potential rate varied from 12 bars when the potential transpiration rate was 1.4 mm. per day to 0.3 bar when the potential rate was 6 to 7 mm. per day.
Phenological Observations: The Dependent Variable in Bioclimatic and Agrometeorological Studies1
Authors: Newman James E. , Beard James B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

This paper discusses some methods of obtaining phenological measurements as well as some criteria for selecting the proper observation, so that measurement of dependent variables will have a magnitude of accuracy similar to that of independent variable measurements, particularly with respect to time.
Effects of High Nitrogen Fertilization and Lodging on Rice Yield1
Authors: Basak M. N. , Sen S. K. , Bhattacharjee P. K.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Application of 100 pounds N per acre gave optimum yield of rice, provided plants did not lodge before heading. Pre‐heading lodging reduced level of nitrogen consumption and response and the yield. Lodging seemed to be a physiological phenomenon rather than a varietal character. It originated from structural weakness development in culm tissues and was caused primarily by deeper submergence of plants during vegetative growth aided by high nitrogen concentration in soil.
Evaluation of Forage Crops by Chemical Analysis. A Critique1
Authors: Sullivan J. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Methods for the analysis of forages are evaluated as to their suitability in predicting quality of forages, particularly as to their digestibility to ruminants. Some methods are partly satisfactory in rating forages within the same type but not in comparing grasses with legumes or mixtures. From the standpoint of the agronomist lignin and crude protein are good criteria of quality. It is also recommended that the moisture content of the standing crop be recorded.
Effect of Age of Seed on Performance of Several Oat Varieties1
Authors: Brown C. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Age of seed had a small effect on germination and on test weight in 1959. It had no significant effect on yield, on variety × age interaction for yield, or on test weight in 1960. There was a variety × age interaction for stand count in 1959 and for heading date in 1960 but not for test weight in either year. There was a small, but significant, difference in heading dates of the several ages of seed in 1960.
Effects of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Legume Composition of Seven Grass‐Legume Mixtures
Authors: Hunt O. J. , Wagner R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Potash greatly increased yields of legumes and percent legume in grass‐legume mixtures. Legume percentage was increased almost 100% in mixtures containing ladino clover by high potash fertilization. Birdsfoot trefoil was the only legume which produced significantly more under low lime levels than under high lime and also increased in legume composition of the forage.
Seasonal Nitrate‐Nitrogen Content of Cotton Petioles as Affected by Nitrogen Application and Its Relationship to Yield1
Authors: MacKenzie A. J. , Spencer W. F. , Stockinger K. R. , Krantz B. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrate‐nitrogen content of cotton petioles was found to be related to the rate of nitrogen applied and the total yield. Yield reductions were related to the length of time petiole nitrate‐nitrogen fell below minimum levels of 1000 and 2000 parts per million.
Evaluation of Forage Species on Organic Soil1
Authors: Tesar Milo B. , Shepherd L. N.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Legumes were unproductive and were severely invaded by other species after the first year. Reed canarygrass, Alta tall fescue, and orchardgrass were the most productive grasses. Northern bromegrass was more productive and persistent than southern bromegrass. Orchardgrass had high yield, persistence, and resistance to invasion by other species; its performance warrants its being tested for pasture in comparison to other species such as reed canarygrass and bromegrass.
Properties of Soil in Orchard as Influenced by Travel and Cover Crop Management Systems1
Authors: Miller D. E. , Bunger Wm. C. , Proebsting E. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In a peach orchard subjected to equipment travel and 4 cover crop management systems the bulk density of the' surface soil was markedly increased by travel with the effect decreasing with soil depth. Soil organic matter levels were increased by all cropping treatments compared to those obtained on chemicallymaintained bare soil. Travel reduced water intake to approximately one‐third that obtained on nontraveled areas. Infiltration rates were greater in nontraveled trashy furrows than in clean furrows.
Production of Regrowth Forage on Native Flood Meadows1
Authors: Rumburg C. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Meadows of rush, sedge and grass were managed to produce two crops in the same growing season. Irrigation stimulated regrowth and produced 300 to 600 pounds of dry matter per acre. N with irrigation added 9 pounds dry matter per pound N. N also increased hay yields the following year. P had no effect on regrowth or on hay yields the following year. Advancing the date of hay harvest increased regrowth yields without decreasing hay yields.
Chemical Composition of Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) as a Function of Applied Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium1
Authors: Walker William M. , Pesek John
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The mean percentages of N, P, and K in clippings were determined and expressed as functions of the applied fertilizer by multiple regression methods. The coefficients of determination for the 3 functions were all above 0.97, indicating that quadratic functions with linear × linear interactions served to express the relationships well.
Grazing Production Curves. I. Comparison of Steer Gains on Gulf Ryegrass and Tall Fescue1
Authors: Riewe Marvin E. , Smith J. C. , Jones John H. , Holt E. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Maximum gain per steer was higher on Gulf ryegrass than on tall fescue. As the stocking rate was increased gain per steer decreased at a faster rate on the ryegrass. With a stocking rate producing maximum gain per acre, gain per steer and per acre was higher on the ryegrass; however, the carrying capacity was greater on tall fescue.
Influence of Pasture Type and Management Practice Upon Subsequent Barley Yield1
Authors: Cooper Clee S. , Eslick R. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Barley yield increases following pasture were in all cases a reflection of the percentage legume previously present or of residual N from previous fertilization. Grazing management affected barley yield indirectly through its effect on legume composition. Yields were greater following legumes grown in pure stand than following pure stands of grass or grass‐legume mixtures fertilized with high levels of N.
Influence of Soil Temperature on Transpiration Under Various Environmental Conditions1
Authors: Tew R. K. , Taylor S. A. , Ashcroft G. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil temperature had a significant influence on transpiration. In growth chambers, variations in air temperature and relative humidity had little influence on transpiration when the soil temperature was low. Under the experimental conditions, low soil temperature was a major factor in controlling transpiration rates.
Agricultural Science and the High School Science Program1
Authors: Dawson M. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil and crop scientists have a great opportunity of working with high school science teachers and students through various programs especially those sponsored by NSF funds. Current changes which are being invoked in both high school science courses and agricultural schools suggest considerable effort should be made by soil and crop scientists to associate themselves more closely with high school science teachers and students.
Selection of Competitive Strains of Soybean Nodulating Bacteria1
Authors: Johnson Herbert W. , Means Ura Mae
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Competitive relationships of six strains of Rhizobium japonicum with chlorosis‐inducing strain 76 identified under essentially sterile conditions in greenhouse tests were confirmed in the more complex environment of a field soil containing few soybean nodulating bacteria. Thirteen of 299 strains evaluated for competitiveness had a competitive advantage over strain 76 in greenhouse tests. Six strains ranked for competitiveness with strain 76 had similar ranks when evaluated in all combinations with each other.
Importance of Stored Soil Moisture to the Growth of Corn in the Dry to Moist Subhumid Climatic Zone1
Authors: Holt R. F. , Timmons D. R. , Voorhees W. B. , Van Doren C. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil moisture recharge data, moisture use patterns, and soil moisture‐corn yield relationships point to the critical dependence of corn on stored soil moisture in western Minnesota and eastern South Dakota. Significant correlations between stored soil moisture and yield of corn were found. Above‐average rainfall during the critical growth period minimized the effect of stored soil moisture. These results emphasize the need for moisture conservation in the 19‐ to 26‐inch rainfall area of the North Central States.
Influence of Advective Energy on Transpiration1
Authors: Abdel‐Aziz M. H. , Taylor S. A. , Ashcroft G. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The Penman formula and several modifications thereof were tested under semi‐arid conditions. Neither the Penman formula nor any of the modifications adequately accounted for advective energy. Their deficiencies were particularly noticeable when high winds brought in energy during the night while other sources were supplying little or no heat.
Salinity Effects on the Growth of Corn at Different Stages of Development1
Authors: Kaddah Malek T. , Ghowail Salma I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Tolerance of corn grown in field plots to salt was shown to be moderate and to increase with stage of development. Chlorides of Na, Ca, and Mg and sulfates of Na and Mg induced differential growth responses to corn seedlings. Contents of Ca, Mg, K, Na, and Cl in the seedling tops depended on kind and concentration of added salts, whereas total cations and N and P contents were little affected under the various treatments.
Effect of Various Fertilizers on Turfgrass Yield, Color, and Composition1
Authors: Waddington D. V. , Troll J. , Hawes D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Three fish by‐product fertilizers used for turfgrass fertilization gave results comparable to fertilizers having other natural or synthetic organic nitrogen sources. Yield, visual color rating, chlorophyll content, and percent N in leaf tissue were satisfactory criteria for evaluating the turfgrass area under fertilizer treatments.
Photosynthesis Under Field Conditions. VI. Solar Radiation Balance and Photosynthetic Efficiency1
Authors: Yocum C. S. , Allen L. H. , Lemon E. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A spectrophotometer with a sensitive range lying between 0.3 and 1.0 μ and its calibration and use are described. The spectrophotometer was used to measure the spectral characteristics of 0.3‐ to 10‐μ radiation penetrating a dense stand of corn 300 cm. high (26,000 plants/acre, 29‐inch rows, LA1 = 4.3) planted in north‐south oriented rows. Transmission was quite low for the visible range, but was 30 to 40% from 0.75 to 0.9 μ. Efficiency of photosynthesis was 0.42 times the yield obtained from laboratory‐grown Chlorella.
Yield Components and Composition of Soybeans as Affected by Mechanical, Cultural, and Chemical Weed Control Practices1
Authors: Burnside O. C. , Colville W. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soybean yields were positively correlated (0.01) with plant height at maturity, lodging, weight of 100 seeds, seed‐bearing nodes, number of pods, and number of seeds per plant, and negatively correlated (0.01) with weed yields, height of lowest pod, bushel weights, and oil percentage of seed. Weed control treatments of tillage, row spacing, and amiben had a marked effect on the characters affecting soybean yields.
Effect of Chemical and Mechanical Weed Control in Spring‐Seeded Legumes on Establishment of Interseeded Grasses1
Authors: Mazzoni L. E. , Scholl J. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of legumes were higher following the application of the combination of dalapon and 4‐(2,4‐DB). Bromegrass establishment was superior to orchardgrass in both legumes and at all planting dates. Earliest seedings produced best results. Birdsfoot trefoil was severely injured by late summer mowing when grass seedings were made.
Water Requirement of Grain Crops as Modified by Fertilizer Use1
Authors: Olson R. A. , Thompson C. A. , Grabouski P. H. , Stukenholtz D. D. , Frank K. D. , Dreier A. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Water use efficiency of grain crops in Nebraska was increased an average 29% by optimum fertilizer treatment. This enhancement was especially associated with yield increase, and was accompanied by an approximate extra inch of water consumption by the crop. Corn and sorghum evidenced a greater capability for extracting deep subsoil moisture than small grains.
Fertilizer‐Seed Placement with Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)1
Authors: Duell Robert W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Precision placement of seed and fertilizers was conducted on soils of low fertility. Alfalfa was superior to birdsfoot trefoil in germination, seedling emergence, height, and weight. Alfalfa seedlings took up more posphorus, and birdsfoot trefoil took up more potassium. Both legumes showed reduced emergence when their seeds were close to concentrations of soluble fertilizers while soil moisture was low. Band seeding did not contribute to success in the establishment of birdsfoot trefoil to the degree that it did alfalfa.
Effects of Irrigation and Row Spacing on Grain Sorghum in the Piedmont1
Authors: Brown A. R. , Cobb Carlisle , Wood E. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Grain sorghum hybrids grown in 20‐inch row spacings produced significantly more grain and forage than hybrids grown in 40‐inch row spacings in 2 out of 3 years over all irrigation levels. In the third year 20‐inch rows gave an increase over the 40‐inch rows only when irrigated after available soil moisture had dropped to 10% in the top 2 feet of soil.
Relationship of Soil Temperature, Water Soluble Phosphorus in Applied Fertilizer, and Method of Placement to Growth of Winter Wheat1
Authors: Gingrich Joe R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Top growth total yield of P, and percentage of K in the tops were significantly lower while percentages of P and N were significantly higher in plants grown at 50° F. than in those grown at 60 or 70°. Applying phosphatic fertilizer in a zone, as compared to mixing it with the soil, increased top growth, P percentage in the tops, and total yield of P while it decreased the percentage of K in the tops. In general the amount of dry matter, percentage of P in tops, and total yield of P were increased as the percentage of water soluble P in the applied fertilizer was increased.
Soil Temperature Effects on Phosphorus Availability1
Authors: Power J. F. , Grunes D. L. , Reichman G. A. , Willis W. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Incubation temperatures above 59° F. reduced water‐ and NaHCO3‐soluble P concentrations in P fertilized soils, but had no effect over the 45 to 80° F. temperature range on P solubilities in non‐phosphated soils. Growth and P uptake by barley grown on similar cropped soils were closely associated with soluble P concentrations in the uncropped, incubated soils. At soil temperatures above 59° F., barley growth increased with increased NaHCO3‐soluble P concentrations, even at concentrations greatly exceeding 16 ppm.
Effects of Row Spacing and Fertilizer Treatment on Seed Yield and Related Traits of ‘Sterling’ Orchardgrass1
Authors: Carlson Irving T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Higher seed yields were obtained from rows spaced 24 inches apart than from 9‐ or 36‐inch rows. Nitrogen fertilization increased seed yields each year. There was a response to phosphorus in the second and third years in 9‐ and 24‐inch rows. Early April applications of fertilizer gave better yields than early September applications on 24‐inch rows.
Water Relations of Soybean Leaf Hairs1
Authors: Woolley Joseph T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soybean leaf hairs slowed wind by 40% at a distance of 0.50 mm. from the leaf surface. When the hairs were liquid‐filled they contributed slightly to the cuticular transpiration of the leaf, but when the hairs were empty they decreased transpiration by 20%. The water permeability of the hair surface was 3 ✕ 10−7 cm sec.−1 bar−1.
Effects of an Evaporation Retardant, a Surfactant, and an Osmotic Agent on Foliar and Root Development of Kentucky Bluegrass1
Authors: Roberts Eliot C. , Lage David P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

An evaluation of the effects of 3 types of solution‐modifying agents‐evaporation‐retardant, surfactant, and osmotic agent‐on the growth of Kentucky bluegrass in nutrient solutions was made. Variations in osmotic pressure and surface tension of nutrient solutions affected turfgrass production. Increasing osmotic pressure decreased growth of foliage and increased root development. Decreasing surface tension decreased growth of foliage. An evapo‐retardant added to nutrient solutions had little effect on either osmotic pressure or surface tension but increased yields of foliage.
Competition for Nodule Sites Between Strains of Rhizobium japonicum Applied as Inoculum and Strains in the Soil1
Authors: Johnson Herbert W. , Means Ura Mae , Weber C. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Strains of Rhizobium japonicum applied as inoculum at different rates and by different methods differed greatly in the proportion of nodules produced on soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in soils containing effective soybean rhizobia. The percentage of nodules produced by all strains applied at the standard rate of inoculation was low and averaged 5%. Increasing the amount of inoculum applied increased the percentage of nodules produced by some strains but had little effect on others.
Effect of Mulches on Microclimate and Turf Establishment1
Authors: Barkley D. G. , Blaser R. E. , Schmidt R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Moderation of soil temperature and conservation of soil moisture by straw, wood cellulose fibers, and sawdust resulted in quicker turf establishment than no mulch or elastomeric emulsion treatment of summer seedings of Kentucky 31 fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and Redtop. Irrigation improved all treatments, but was most beneficial to grasses mulched with straw, wood cellulose fibers, and sawdust.
The Growth and Yield of Corn. III. Soil Moisture and Temperature Effects1
Authors: Benoit G. R. , Hatfield A. L. , Ragland J. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Final yields decreased with late plantings independent of the soil moisture level. This phenomenon is shown to be associated with decreased temperatures during the ear‐formation stage for late‐planted corn. Yields of irrigated corn were higher in 1962 than 1963; however, the reverse was true for unirrigated corn yields. These response differences are related to soil moisture‐temperature interactions and their effect on plant moisture stress.
Effects of Bee Species and Isolation Distance on Possible Varietal Contamination in Alf1
Authors: Bradner N. R. , Frakes R. V. , Stephen W. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A recessive marker gene for white flower was used to estimate the distance alfalfa pollinating insects would carry viable pollen. The amount of contaminate pollen disseminated by bees was a function of the bee species, distance, and season. The leaf‐cutter bee did not carry pollen away from the base plot as far as the honeybee did. Endemic pollinators carried viable pollen as far as one mile.
Induction of Male Sterility in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Emend. Lam.) with Potassium Gibberellate and Other Plant Growth Regulators1
Authors: James N. I. , Lund S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Potassium gibberellate induced a usable degree of male sterility in nonvernalized Wong barley in the greenhouse. Under field conditions, induced male sterility in vernalized winter barley and spring barley was not great enough to be of practical interest in a crossing program.
Effect of Water Vapor Transmission Rates of Package Material and Storage Conditions on Seed Quality1
Authors: Ching T. M. , Abu‐Shakra S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Water vapor transmission rates of polyethylene material are inversely proportional to protective value for seed storage under tropical, temperate, and warehouse conditions in western Oregon. The rates could be used as single criterion for evaluating materials in packaging seed for safe storage.
Shading Studies on Winter Wheat1
Authors: Pendleton J. W. , Weibel R. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Sructures permitting intermittent periods of direct light and shade greatly reduced wheat grain yields. Yield reductions were correlated with amount of shade, Light is very critical during the heading stage and even slight restrictions for short periods reduced yields.
Cotton Row Spacing as It Affects Soil Water Utilization and Yield1
Authors: Bruce R. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil water as measured between July 20 and August 6 was rather uniformly removed by cotton planted with a 40‐inch row interval. In a plant‐2‐skip‐1 row pattern, which may be described as an alternate 40‐ and 80‐inch row spacing, there was 1.5 to 2.2 inches more water in the skipped row position than in the row. The yield per unit length of row from cotton planted in rows having an alternate 40‐ and 80‐inch interval was very significantly higher than that having a uniform 40‐inch row interval.
Effect of Row Spacing, Seeding Rate, and Nitrogen Fertilization on Forage Yield and Quality of Gahi‐1 Pearl Millet1
Authors: Hart Richard H. , Burton Glenn W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Gahi‐1 pearl millet planted in 24‐ or 36‐ inch rows produced more forage than millet planted in 7‐inch rows in a season of normal rainfall, less in a season with above‐normal spring rainfall, and the same in a very dry season. Forage yield, crude‐protein content, and Vitamin A content increased with increasing rates of nitrogen up to 400 pounds per acre. In 1963, crude protein was higher and crude fiber was lower in millet from wide rows. Neither nitrogen rate nor row spacing had any effect on dry‐matter digestibility.
Supplying Calcium and Magnesium for Cotton on Sandy, Low Cation Exchange Capacity Soils1
Authors: McCart G. D. , Kamprath E. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Results indicated that it would be desirable to lime sandy, low‐CEC soils to a pH of 6.2–6.5 for optimum growth of cotton. The presence of soluble Al at pH levels of 5.5 and below appeared to be an important factor in reducing the growth of cotton. It was found that soil acidity had to first be reduced before cotton benefited from the presence of higher amounts of Ca in the soil. Additions of Mg SO4 at different pH levels did not increase growth of cotton.