bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mirror mechanism in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Valizadeh Amir , Amlashi Nazanin Hedayati , Rasooli Anita , Mbwogge Mathew , Haadi Ainaaz
Published: March 2021

Rationale: Mirror neurons are visuomotor neurons that perform mirror mechanisms, meaning each time an individual observes another individual performing an action, these neurons which encode that action, are activated in the observer’s cortical motor system. One of the cognitive domains of controversy in schizophrenia is Motor Resonance, also known as the Mirror Neuron System (MNS). In the current paper, we aim to review all the available literature regarding mirror mechanism examination in patients with schizophrenia and present an explicit summary of the available findings up to this date.Objectives: To investigate the mirror mechanism in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders (psychosis spectrum disorder) and present an explicit view of available findings regarding this manner up to the date.Data sources: We will search MEDLINE (through PubMed), Embase, Science Citation Index – Expanded (Web of Science), and Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science (Web of Science). We won’t consider any timeframe, language, or geographical restrictions.Methods: Standard systematic review protocol methodology is employed. Eligibility criteria is reported in line with SPIDER guideline. Sample is limited to Adults of any age and sex with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychosis spectrum disorders in general confirmed by a physician according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) guidelines, irrespective of the severity of disease and duration of illness. Participants with any other confirmed structural or functional neurologic disorders will be excluded. Phenomenon of interest is the mirror neuron system (MNS) functional integrity. Study designs will be restricted to observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. Means of evaluation will be Electroencephalography (EEG), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Eye-tracking, and muscle activation (EMG). Research types of interest will be qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods researches. All included studies will be assessed for the risk of bias using NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. We will perform a meta-synthesis based on vote counting methods on the included studies. We will also evaluate the publication bias using Funnel plots and assess the confidence in cumulative evidence using CERQual.
Income Inequality, Economic Growth and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Hundie Shemelis Kebede
Published: March 2021

The relationship between income inequality, economic growth and CO2 emissions is ambiguous both theoretically and empirically. Hence, this study examines the link between income inequality and CO2 emissions in Ethiopia for time span covering 1979–2014 using ARDL bounds test and DOLS approach to cointegration. The Zivot-Andrews unit root test and Clemente-Montanes-Reyes unit root test reveal that some of the variables under consideration are stationary at level while others become stationary after first differencing. Both ARDL and DOLS approaches confirm that there is a long-run relationship among the series during the study period. The long-run empirical results show that a 1% increase in economic growth accounts for a 1.05% increase in CO2 emissions while a 1% increase in economic growth squared reduces CO2 emissions by 0.11%. The U-test result reveals that the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth confirms existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. The effect of income inequality on CO2 is not robust to alternative estimation techniques; it is statistically insignificant under the ARDL estimation, but DOLS estimates show that a 1% increase in income inequality increases CO2 emissions by 0.21% in the long-run during the study period. In the long-run a 1% rise in urbanization, population size, energy intensity and industrialization each positively contribute to environmental degradation in Ethiopia by 0.38%, 0.22%, 0.07% and 0.11% respectively. Results from the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality show a bidirectional causal relationship between CO2 emissions and all other variables except economic growth. CO2 emissions granger causes economic growth with no feedback effect. Results suggested important policy implications in the light of achieving its 2030 targets of low-carbon economy for Ethiopia.
Atomic Scale Mixing between MgO and H2O in the Deep Interiors of Water-rich Planets
Authors: Lee Yongjae , Kim Taehyun , Chariton Stella , Prakapenka Vitali , Pakhomova Anna , Liermann Hanns-Peter , Liu Zhenxian , Speziale Sergio , Shim Sang-Heon
Published: March 2021

Water-rich planets are common in our galaxy: Uranus and Neptune in our solar system and some of the sub-Neptunes in extrasolar systems1. These planets may have a thick water-rich layer above the rocky interior. Recent models2-4 have invoked possible existence of heavier elements in the water-rich layer of Uranus based on need for explaining the low luminosity5-6. However, it is not well understood how heavy elements can exist and be stabilized in the low-density layer for a sufficiently long period of time. Here we report the results of laser-heated diamond-anvil cell (LH-DAC) experiments on two rock-forming minerals, olivine ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4) and ferropericlase ((Mg,Fe)O), in a H2O medium at the pressure and temperature conditions expected for the interiors of approximately 1-6 Earth-mass water-rich planets. The X-ray diffraction patterns and the morphology of the recovered samples in electron microscopy indicate a selective leaching of MgO from starting olivine during heating and large solubility of MgO in H2O peaking between 20-40 GPa and above 1500 K. The observed reaction can chemically stabilize heavier elements (such as Mg and O) in water-rich layer, providing a key chemical process for explaining the hypothesized heavier element presence at shallow depths in Uranus and possibly other water-rich planets. In addition, the H2O layer of hot and smaller water-rich planets7 (Earth-size) is more likely to have a wider MgO-rich layer than cold and larger water-rich planets where the depth range of the MgO-rich layer is likely to be narrower, enabling a range of geochemical evolution among water-rich planets.
Reducing Adversarial Vulnerability through Adaptive Training Batch Size
Authors: Sasongko Ken , Krisnadhi Adila Alfa , Fanany Mohamad Ivan
Published: March 2021

Neural networks possess an ability to generalize well to data distribution, to an extent that they are capable of fitting to a randomly labeled data. But they are also known to be extremely sensitive to adversarial examples. Batch Normalization (BatchNorm), very commonly part of deep learning architecture, has been found to increase adversarial vulnerability. Fixup Initialization (Fixup Init) has been shown as an alternative to BatchNorm, which can considerably strengthen the networks against adversarial examples. This robustness can be improved further by employing smaller batch size in training. The latter, however, comes with a tradeoff in the form of a significant increase of training time (up to ten times longer when reducing batch size from the default 128 to 8 for ResNet-56). In this paper, we propose a workaround to this problem by starting the training with a small batch size and gradually increase it to larger ones during training. We empirically show that our proposal can still improve adversarial robustness (up to 5.73\%) of ResNet-56 with Fixup Init and default batch size of 128. At the same time, our proposal keeps the training time considerably shorter (only 4 times longer, instead of 10 times).
Comparison of FairMOT-VGG16 and MCMOT Implementation for Multi-Object Tracking and Gender Detection on Mall CCTV
Authors: Somaldo Pray , Chahyati Dina
Published: March 2021

The crowd detection system on CCTV has proven to be useful for retail and shopping sector owners in mall areas. The data can be used as a guide by shopping center owners to find out the number of visitors who enter at a certain time. However, such information was still insufficient. The need for richer data has led to the development of more specific person detection which involves gender. Gender detection can provide specific information on the number of men and women visiting a particular location. However, gender detection alone does not provide an identity label for every detection that occurs, so it needs to be combined with a multi-person tracking system. This study compares two tracking methods with gender detection, namely FairMOT with gender classification and MCMOT. The first method produces MOTA, MOTP, IDS, and FPS of 78.56, 79.57, 19, and 24.4, while the second method produces 69.84, 81.94, 147, and 30.5. In addition, evaluation of gender was also carried out where the first method resulted in a gender accuracy of 65\% while the second method was 62.35\%.
3D Information from Scattering Media Images
Authors: Rahadianti Laksmita
Published: March 2021

Scattering media environments are real-world conditions that occur often, in daily life. Some examples of scattering media are haze, fog, and other bad weather conditions. In these environments, micro-particles in the surrounding media interfere with light propagation and image formation. Thus, images that are captured in these scattering media environments will suffer from low contrast and loss of intensity. This becomes an issue for computer vision methods that employ features found in the scene. To solve this issue, many approaches must estimate the corresponding clear scene prior to further processing. However, the image formation model in scattering media shows potential 3D distance information about the scene encoded implicitly in image intensities. In this paper, we investigate the potential information that can be extracted directly from the scattering media images. We demonstrate the possibility of extracting relative depth in the form of transmission as well as explicit depth maps from single images.
Uso de la ictiofauna para la evaluación de la condición ecológica y ambiental de un complejo cenagoso en el Caribe colombiano
Authors: Valdelamar Villegas Juan Carlos , García Pacheco Lissy Carolina , Cuadro Alzamora Sonia María , Torres Benítez José David , Arciniegas Suárez Cesar Augusto
Published: March 2021

Con el propósito de evaluar la condición ecológica y ambiental del complejo cenagoso Juan Gómez Dolores, ubicado al norte del Caribe colombiano, se realizaron muestreos de peces con atarraya y trasmallo. Luego, los peces fueron clasificados tanto taxonómicamente como por gremio trófico. Posteriormente, se analizaron los índices ecológicos de diversidad, equidad y dominancia, y además se desarrolló un modelo conceptual de red trófica, basado en los gremios tróficos establecidos. Los resultados de estos análisis permitieron conocer que el ecosistema no solo posee bajos valores de riqueza (12 especies), baja diversidad (0-1,90) y equidad (0-0,98), así como una alta dominancia (0,16-1,00) de peces omnívoros, en comparación con otros humedales del Caribe colombiano. Esto indica que este sistema cenagoso atraviesa un potencial proceso de degradación de la base alimentaria de los peces, posiblemente a causa de las condiciones ambientales desfavorables por las que atraviesa actualmente este ecosistema, en el que incluso podría estar comprometiéndose la sostenibilidad de sus poblaciones ícticas en el mediano y largo plazo.
Astrocytes and Inflammasome: A Possible Crosstalk in Neurological Diseases
Authors: Nourbakhsh Fahimeh , Read Morgayn I. , Barreto George E. , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: March 2021

Inflammasome research has primarily focused on neurological tissue, particularly
on damaged tissue. Most current neurological literature involves in vivo and in vitro
studies utilizing astroglia, as astroglia express the cytoskeletal glial fibrillary acidic protein
(GFAP), which is used as a hallmark of neuropathological disorders. Research
suggests that astrocytes respond to all forms of neurological damage or disease through
reactive astrogliosis. Additionally, there is a consensus among scientists that inflammasomes
play an important role in neuroinflammation. This review focuses on the latest developments
in inflammasome biology, describing the current understanding of how inflammasomes
can be triggered in the brain and summarizing the literature on the relevance
of inflammasome NLR in prevalent neurological diseases.
Rapid Identification of Commercial Frankincense Products by MALDITOF
Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Chen Hao-Ping , Wu Chunhung , Lai Shang-Chih , You Ren-In , Chen Tz-Ting , Chang Yu , Liu Chao-Zong
Published: March 2021

Background:

Frankincense is a resin secreted by the Boswellia tree. It is used in perfumery, aromatherapy, skincare, and traditional Chinese medicine. However, all Boswellia species are under threat owing to habitat loss and overexploitation. As a result, the market is getting flooded with counterfeit frankincense products.

Objective:

This study aims to establish a high-throughput method to screen and identify the authenticity of commercial frankincense products. We report, for the first time, a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)-based method for rapid and high-throughput screening of frankincense samples.

Methods:

MALDI-TOF MS, HPLC, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity assay were used to examine the frankincense samples.
Results: Well-resolved peaks of frankincense triterpenoids in the spectra were observed in the crude extract of commercial samples, including α-boswellic acids (αBAs), β-boswellic acids (βBAs), 11-keto-β-boswellic acids (KBAs), acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acids (AKBAs), and their esters. These compounds can be used as indicators for determining the authenticity of frankincense.

Conclusion:

Unlike LC–MS, which is a time-consuming and expensive method, and TLC, which requires a reference sample, our inexpensive, rapid high-throughput identification method based on MALDI-TOF MS is ideal for large-scale screening of frankincense samples sold in the market.
Imaging of Spinal Bone Tumors: Principles and Practice
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinji , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Langevelde Kirsten van , Vucht Niels van , Kido Akira , Errani Costantino
Published: March 2021

:

Age, location of the tumor, and detailed patient history can narrow the differential diagnosis
of spinal bone lesions, including metastasis and primary benign and malignant bone tumors.
Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are both crucial in evaluating the characteristics
of spinal bone tumors. Growth speed and Lodwick margin description can differentiate malignant
from benign tumors to a certain degree. Positron emission tomography has a limited ability
to differentiate malignant from benign tumors. A biopsy is often required for a definitive diagnosis.
To select the optimal treatment for spinal metastasis, neurological status by epidural spinal cord
compression grade (axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance image), radiosensitivity of tumor histology,
mechanical instability by Spine Instability Neoplastic Score (sagittal and axial computed tomography
image), and systemic disease should be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. This review
article summarizes the role of imaging for diagnosis and treatment of spinal bone tumors.
Recent Progress in Self-sensing Probe Technology in Atomic Force Microscope
Authors: Xu Ke , Ji Chenghao , Wei Fanan , Zhai Zhushan
Published: March 2021

The imaging speed of atomic force microscope (AFM) is limited by the cantilever mechanical
bandwidth, which can be increased by reducing the size of the cantilever. However, the
ordinary laser reflection method cannot measure the deflection of a small cantilever. Moreover, some
samples are sensitive to light detection and not suitable for the laser reflection method. Therefore, the
self-induction probe technology was developed to solve this problem. This article reviews the latest
AFM self-induction probe technology and introduces three types of self-induction probes. Firstly, it
is introduced that the current self-sensing probes can be divided into piezoresistive type, piezoelectric
type and tuning fork type according to the working mechanisms and preparation materials. Then,
the latest materials and structures of various self-sensing probe technologies are introduced to improve
imaging performance and their applications in various fields. Moreover, compared with traditional
laser reflection methods, the self-sensing probe technologies have a simpler structure, take up
less space and can be integrated in a large cantilever array and adopted for imaging of photosensitive
products. Finally, some prospects of the novel imaging and sample characterization techniques and
new applications of atomic force microscopy are also discussed.
A Mini Review on the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment Options for
COVID-19
Authors: Rahmani Farzad , Ziaeemehr Aghigh , Alijannejad Sajede , Ferns Gordon A , Khazaei Majid , Shahidsales Soodabeh , Avan Amir
Published: March 2021

:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2,
associated with high morbidity and mortality, and represents a significant public health crisis worldwide.
Despite recent efforts for developing novel antiviral agents, no specific drugs are approved for
the management and treatment of COVID-19. The immune responses to viral infection followed by
cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome are serious issues that may cause death in patients
with severe COVID-19. Therefore, developing a novel therapeutic strategy for the management
of COVID-19 is urgently needed to control the virus spread and to improve the patient survival rate
and clinical outcomes.
In this mini-review, we summarize the symptoms, pathogenesis, and therapeutic approaches currently
being used to manage the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
In Vivo Antidepressant Efficacy of 3-Substituted Thietane-1,1-dioxide Derivative - A Preliminary Study for Novel Anti-Depression Therapy in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Nikitina Irina L. , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Gaisina Gulnara G. , Bulygin Kirill V. , Galimova Elmira F. , Galimov Shamil N. , Nikolenko Vladimir N. , Mikhaleva Liudmila M. , Somasundaram Siva G. , Kirkland Cecil E. , Avila-Rodriguez Marco , Aliev Gjumrakch
Published: March 2021

Background:

Psychosocial stress-induced depressive behavior is linked to the etiology
of several neurological diseases viz., PTSD, and neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer's Disease
(AD). The repeated bouts of social stress defeat can be induced using Resident-Intruder-
Paradigm (RIP) and Chronic Mild Social Stress (CMSS) animal models to assess the stress-induced
depressive behavioral patterns.

Objectives:

The aim of this study to examine the anti-depressive efficacy of 3-methoxythietane-
1,1-dioxide (N-14) in RIP models of behavioral alterations.

Methods:

In this study, we have used Sprague-Dawley rats in Resident-Intruder-Paradigm (RIP),
where intruders interacted with residents Day 0 to Day +5 for 10 minutes to invoke CMSS in intruders
and became defeated/submissive rats due to the depressive-like behavioral alterations in social
activity, explorations, grooming, defense, aggressive behavior, social interaction, freeze, rearing
etc., with residents. Control intact animals are included in group I, group II received N-14
alone; group III received CMSS, and group IV received cotreatment of N14 with CMSS. N-14 (2
mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally from Day 0 to Day +5 to intact animals and intruder animals
under conditions of CMSS.

Results:

Several behavioral tests viz., forced swim test, open field test, and elevated-plus maze test
were used to examine the above behavioral dynamic parameters. The dynamic interaction between
Residents and Intruders during the study showed substantial alterations in exploratory activity, aggressiveness,
defensive behavior, body weight, and thymus mass in stressed animals. N-14 cotreatment
has mitigated sociability, exploratory activity, aggressiveness increased social adaptability
and defensive behavior. An extensive rise in active forms of defense and submission latency indicates
that N-14 has induced antidepressant activity with a psycho-sedative component of action.

Conclusion:

Serendipitously, we observed the ameliorative capability of N-14 cotreatment to mitigate
depressive-behavioral symptoms in intruders.
Connection between JAK/STAT and PPARγ Signaling During the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis: Insights into the Modulation of T-Cells and Immune Responses in the Brain
Authors: Kumar Nitish , Sharma Nidhi , Mehan Sidharth
Published: March 2021

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a severe brain and spinal cord condition with a diverse autoimmune
response and a wide variety of demyelination symptoms that primarily affect young
adults. The primary reason for this disease is inflammation of white and grey matter caused by increased
production of proinflammatory cytokines, which further damages the progenitor oligodendrocytes
and appears to induce hypertrophy of the astrocytes and gliosis. Overexpression of the
JAK/STAT signaling pathway contributes directly to physiological and pathological results in motor
neuron diseases. Cytokines such as IL-17, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and INF-ϒ use JAK/STAT signaling
to trigger self-reactive CD4+ T-cells and differentiate them into Th1 phenotypes that overactivate
immune reactions in the brain. Similarly, PPARγ plays a critical role in regulating the immune
response by providing an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting macrophage and cytokine
production activation. PPARγ also mediates the intrinsic molecular process of the T-cell, which selectively
regulates the differentiation of Th17. Various studies indicate the neuroprotective function
of PPARγ agonists by attenuating the JAK/STAT mediated activation of glial cells, inhibiting
interleukin, and the differentiation of Th1 cells. Therefore, to maintain the brain's immune system,
both PPARγ and JAK/STAT oppositely regulate each other. Dysregulation in JAK/STAT and
PPARγ signaling contributes to several physiological changes leading to neurological disorders, including
MS. Based on the above view, we have summarized the combined role of JAK/STAT-PPARγ
signaling in MS and explored potential therapeutic strategies for disease improvement by the
use of pathway modulators.
Investigating the Factors Affecting Depression By Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Firat Meryem , Kanbay Yalçın , Demir Gökmen Burcu , Utkan Mehmet , Okanli Ayşe
Published: March 2021

The objective of the research was to study the factors affecting depression in general population.
Materials and Methods. A total of 1,291 individuals at the age of 15-68 years participated in this cross-sectional study. The Demographic Information Form, the Beck Depression Inventory for Primary Care and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used as data collection tools. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS 23 package program. Missing data were validated for extreme values, and, then, tested for normality and homogeneity. Testing for the research model was implemented by structural equation modeling using the AMOS program.
Results. The following goodness-of-fit values were determined for the revised model predicting the factors influencing depression: χ2 = 535.62, χ2/df = 4.74, the normed fit index = 0.95, the Tucker-Lewis index = 0.95, the comparative fit index = 0.96, the goodness-of-fit index = 0.95, the adjusted goodness-of-fit index = 0.94, the root-mean-square error of approximation = 0.05, the root mean square residual = 0.12, which were within acceptable limits. According to our model, the generalized anxiety disorder-7 (t = 15.923; p < 0.001), gender (t = -5.866; p < 0.001), age (t = -8.193; p < 0.001) and marital status (t = -6.107; p < 0.001) had a significant effect on depression. However, there was no significant relationship between depression score and educational status, place of residence, family type, and smoking.
Conclusions. In this model of our study, generalized anxiety disorder was found to have the greatest effect on depression, followed by age, marital status, and gender, respectively.
Styloid Process: What Length Is Abnormal?
Authors: Shah Omair , Shera Faiz , Choh Naseer , Gojwari Tariq , Shafi Fahad , Suhail Jan , Rafiq Musadiq
Published: March 2021

The length of the styloid process varies greatly in different populations and depends on ethnicity and geographical background. The elongated styloid process may be associated with Eagle’s syndrome. Therefore, the mean normal length of the styloid process in different population groups needs to be calculated and the upper cutoff limit for elongated styloid process should be found. The objective of the research was to evaluate the styloid process length in the Kashmiri population using multidetector computed tomography. Materials and Methods. We retrospectively evaluated 304 patients who underwent computed tomography of the head and paranasal sinuses, and the mean styloid process length was calculated on both sides. The mean of three measurements of styloid process length was taken. The study population was grouped as follows: Group I included patients at the age of 21-30 years; Group II comprised patients at the age of 31-40 years; Group III included 68 patients at the age of 41-50 years; Group IV comprised patients > 50 years old. Results. The mean length of the styloid process in the studied population varied from 20 to 51 mm (mean 31.3 ± 4.5 mm). There was no significant difference in the length on both sides (p=0.835). The mean length of the styloid process was 30.1 ± 4.2 mm in females and 32.3 ± 4.8 mm in males (p< 0.034). The lengths of the styloid process in different age groups were as follows: in Group I - 30.9 ± 4.4 mm; in Group II - 31.2 ± 4.8 mm; in Group III - 31.6 ± 4.3 mm; in Group IV - 31.5 ± 4.5 mm. Conclusions. The mean length of the styloid process in our population was higher as compared to many other ethnic groups. The styloid process in males was longer. The elongated styloid process on computed tomography scan should not be labeled as Eagle’s syndrome unless clinical symptoms are present.
Bifocal Tuberculosis with Adalimumab Revealed by Laryngeal Involvement: Case Report
Authors: El Ouardi Najlae , Taoubane Laila , Zegmout Adil , Balouki Marouane , Sadni Siham , Achemlal Lahsen
Published: March 2021

Introduction. Anti-TNF treatment has transformed the treatment of chronic inflammatory rheumatism. Although the therapy can be highly effective, anti-TNF drugs are associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis, especially extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.
Laryngeal tuberculosis is rare and its symptoms are not specific. Laryngeal tuberculosis is often secondary to another localization, particularly pulmonary. In the use of anti-TNF therapy, its development is unusual.
Case report. We report a case of bifocal tuberculosis: laryngeal and pulmonary tuberculosis revealed by laryngeal involvement in a patient aged 41 years with axial spondylarthritis treated with Adalimumab.
Conclusion. This presentation highlights the importance to consider the rare possibility of laryngeal tuberculosis in the presence of atypical otorhinolaryngologic signs under anti-TNF therapy and underlines the importance of looking for other tuberculosis involvement.
A visitor in your house? Letters about non/normative family lives from sisters becoming mothers
Authors: Vandecasteele Marieke , Oonk Ted , De Schauwer Elisabeth , Van Hove Geert
Published: March 2021

Two women have become mothers. They both make art. They both grew up in a family with a sibling labelled as disabled. Ted, a visual artist, has made photographic and video work about her youngest sister. Marieke, an ethnographic filmmaker, created a short film about her eldest brother which fuelled her PhD about non-normative family lives. Intrigued by motherhood and sisterhood they start writing letters, through which they bring their memories, thoughts, artistic creations into life. This arts-based study is about entangled motherhood—i.e., the entanglement of mother-sister-daughter roles and the intergenerational entanglement of the present, past, and future—in the context of encounters with difference and care. By writing letters as a way of acting on the world and situating themselves within things, they intend to open up new forms of knowledge production, moving away from medicalized and binary ways of studying (growing up in) families with a labelled family member.
Editorial - Parenthood: Norms and experiences
Authors: Segers Seppe , Cavaliere Giulia
Published: March 2021

Editorial
TPACK-RELATED PROGRAMS FOR PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS ON EFFORTS AND ISSUES OF ICT INTEGRATION
Authors: Kusuma I Putu Indra
Published: March 2021

As the advances of technology bring some changes in education, technology affects teacher training institutions, especially on the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) that supports Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) programs for English pre-service teachers. Regarding the ICT integration in TPACK-related programs, this study was then conducted to investigate the efforts done by the universities and lecturers and issues faced by the lecturers during the integration processes. This case study was conducted in Indonesia. The participants were 79 lecturers from 25 teacher education institutions implementing TPACK-related programs. This study employed an explanatory sequential mixed-method design in which the data were collected by means of questionnaires consisting of 23 items and interviews containing 5 questions. The results revealed that in general, almost all universities had provided ICT resources, accessibilities, ICT competence development programs, and policies on ICT implementation. On the one hand, for the sake of ICT integration in TPACK related programs, the lecturers provided students with accessibilities, knowledge of ICT, and classroom regulations. However, there are problems faced by those lecturers to integrate ICT in TPACK-related programs. Thus, some possible implications of ICT integration are presented in this study.
THE PRINCIPALS’ EFFORTS IN FACILITATING THE FREEDOM TO LEARN BY ENHANCING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Maisyaroh Maisyaroh , Juharyanto Juharyanto , Bafadal Ibrahim , Wiyono Bambang Budi , Ariyanti Nova Syafira , Adha Maulana Amirul , Qureshi Muhammad Imran
Published: March 2021

The latest ‘freedom to learn’ policy, issued by the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, must be implemented by educational institutions at various levels. The principals played significant roles such as community empowerment to utilize all resources in the schools to support the policy. The research aimed to describe the principals’ efforts in improving community participation in the school and to describe the social involvement in facilitating the freedom to learn at schools. This study employed a qualitative approach with a multi-case research design, and it was conducted in Indonesia, particularly in Tana Tidung Regency in North Kalimantan, Bondowoso Regency in East Java, and Malang City in East Java. The data collection techniques included in-depth interviews and document studies, and to validate the data used a credibility technique. The data validation through the credibility technique was carried out by conducting triangulation, checking members, and improving the persistence and adequacy of reference materials. The cross-case data analysis in this study applied a constant comparative method. The analysis was conducted in all three cases resulted in the provisional findings, continued by data comparison that would later be found by the three cases. The results of this research were the principals’ efforts in enhancing community participation through cooperation with several related parties. The principals were regarded as role models in supporting the ‘freedom to learn’ policy and building cooperation with related partners. The kind of community participation varied based on the uniqueness of each region.
An integrative framework of retailscape: Case of grocery retail stores in Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Management Department, College of Business, Majmaah University, Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia, Alflayyeh Saad , Naeem Haseebullah Abdul ,   Department of Marketing, College of Business, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of retailscapes and their elements and how these elements can enhance customer patronage. The study, therefore, considered customer mood as moderating between retailscapes and customer joy that further leads to customer patronage. Past studies considered some retailscapes elements in a different context such as pure services industries. In contrast, this study considered the retail industry. In order to obtain study findings, a convenient sampling technique was used to collect data from targeted respondents. Respondents were the visitors of different retail stores. Since the study was limited to a single city, therefore data were collected in the capital city Riyadh of Saudi Arabia. 300 questionnaires were distributed among the customers, 289 responses were valid and the rest were discarded due to incomplete information. Collected data were analyzed using Smart-PLS and SPSS. Considered hypotheses were tested and found a significant relationship. Results clearly indicating that retailscapes have the ability to influence customer’s patronage by considering retailscape elements in the retail industry.
Apps for Promoting Children’s Oral Health: Systematic Search in App Stores and Quality Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Ho Teresa C Y , McGrath Colman , Yiu Cynthia K Y , Lee Gillian H M
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Increasingly, mobile apps are being used to promote oral care. Many of them are aimed at children.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to systematically search and evaluate apps that promote oral care and hygiene for children.

METHODS

A broad search strategy (13 keywords) was developed to identify apps from Apple’s App Store and the Google Play Store in April 2019. After reviewing the apps’ titles and summaries, potentially relevant apps were downloaded for viewing. The quality of the apps that met the inclusion criteria was assessed by the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) criteria for medical and health websites and the Scientific Basis of Oral Self-care (SBOSC).

RESULTS

More than 3000 Apps were identified and 54 relevant apps informed the review. The quality of the apps according to the HONcode criteria was generally low. The mean HONcode score was 1.8/8.0. One-quarter of the apps had a HONcode score of 0 (14/54, 26%). The SBOSC score of the apps was evaluated based on a 6-point scale. The mean SBOSC score was 1.5/6.0; 19% (10/54) of the apps had a score of 0. There was a significant and positive correlation between HONcode and SBOSC scores (r=0.37; P<.01). More recently uploaded apps had significantly higher HONcode scores (P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

There are many apps aiming to promote oral self-care among children. The quality and scientific basis of these apps are low. Newer apps are of higher quality in terms of scientific basis. There is a need to ensure high-quality and evidence-based apps are available. The effectiveness of apps in terms of oral care and clinical outcomes among children needs to be evaluated.
Validasi Metode Analisis Logam Merkuri (Hg) Terlarutn pada Air Permukaan dengan Automatic Mercury Analyzer
Authors: Harmono Heri Dwi
Published: March 2021

Validasi metode analisis adalah suatu penilaian terhadap parameter tertentu, berdasarkan percobaan laboratorium, untuk membuktikan bahwa parameter tersebut memenuhi persyaratan untuk penggunaannya (Harmita, 2004). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memvalidasi metode analisis Merkuri (Hg) pada Air permukaan dengan Automatic Mercury Analyzer, sebagai syarat untuk mengajukan parameter terakreditasi International Organization for Standardization/ International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC 17025 – 2017).Validasi metode analisis yang dilakukan mengacu pada International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) dengan menentukan berbagai parameter, yaitu linieritas, sensitivitas (LOD dan LOQ), ketelitian, dan ketepatan. Sampel air permukaan disaring menggunakan kertas saring yang mempunyai pori 0,45 µm, kemudian dianalisis dengan metode Automatic Mercury Analyzer.Metode analisis yang dilakukan memberikan hasil yang linier dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) > 0,9992 dan koefisien determinasi (r²) > 0,9984. Nilai batas deteksi (LOD) dalam sampel 0,07 µg/L. Nilai batas kuantitasi (LOQ) dalam sampel 0,24 µg/L. Simpangan baku relatif (RSD) yang diperoleh untuk keterulangan sebesar 3,17 % dan presisi antara sebesar 6,75 %, nilai tersebut kurang dari batas yang diijinkan oleh Horwitz dan AOAC PVM. Penentuan akurasi dengan penetapan persen perolehan kembali sebesar 98,08 %, nilai tersebut berada pada rentang yang diperbolehkan menurut AOAC PVM. Metode yang telah divalidasi kemudian diaplikasikan untuk analisis logam Hg dalam air permukaan, sebagai penjaminan mutu dilakukan uji banding. Hasil uji banding di Badan Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Yogyakarta: A= 0,69 µg/L, B= 0,96 µg/L, C= 0,78 µg/L,di Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu (LPPT): A= 0,83 µg/L, B= 0,69 µg/L, C= 0,85 µg/L, kemudian diuji dengan independent T-Test, memberikan hasil tidak berbeda bermakna.
Modifikasi Alat Penggulung Dinamo Sistem Manual Menjadi Otomatis Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Syahwil Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat alat penggulung dinamo yang bekerja secara otomatis dengan memodifikasi alat penggulung dinamo sistem manual yang ada di bengkel kampus. Alat ini menggantikan fungsi alat manual penggulung kawat email dinamo tenaga manusia menjadi alat otomatis dengan tenaga penggerak motor stepper sehingga proses penggulungan lilitan dinamo menjadi lebih efesien dan akurat. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri atas identifikasi potensi dan masalah, studi literature (pengumpulan data), tahap desain (perancangan, validasi rancangan dan pembuatan alat), tahap pengujian (uji coba), analisis unjuk kerja alat serta tahap finalisasi (uji coba pemakaian). Hasil akhir penelitian ini didapatkan sebuah alat penggulung dinamo yang beroperasi secara otomatis sebagaimana rancangan modifikasi yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan pengujian unjuk kerja di laboratorium, menunjukan alat penggulung otomatis ini berfungsi sangat baik dengan hasil pengamatan sebagai berikut: (1) Didapatkan kesesuaian hasil antara jumlah putaran aktual dan jumlah setting gulungan dengan tingkat ketelitian sebesar 99,38 %, atau error selisih putaran sebesar 0,62 %.; (2) Alat ini bekerja dengan 4 level kecepatan yaitu tinggi, cukup, sedang dan rendah dengan konsumsi daya listrik yang rendah sebesar 20 Watt. Dengan variasi kecepatan yang tersedia, pengguna dapat menggulung belitan sesuai dengan diameter kawat email yang digunakan; (3) Efektifitas penggulungan cukup baik, untuk menggulung kumparan dinamo sebanyak 500 lilitan hanya dibutuhkan waktu 3,15 menit (level kecepatan tinggi), 6,25 menit (level kecepatan cukup), 9,15 menit (level kecepatan sedang) dan 12,3 menit (level kecepatan rendah).
Lacunary sequences of complex uncertain variables defined by Orlicz functions
Authors: Dowari Pranab Jyoti , Tripathy Binod Chandra
Published: March 2021

Using the concept of Orlicz function and uncertainty theory, some new class of lacunary convergent sequences defined by Orlicz functions have been introduced with the lacunary convergence concepts in this paper. Some topological properties of the defined sequence spaces along with the inclusion relations have been investigated.
The Potential Overview of PV System Installation at the Quarry Open Pit Mine PT. Bukit Asam, Tbk Tanjung Enim
Authors: Junaedi Ketut , Dewi Tresna , Yusi Muhammad Syahirman
Published: March 2021

South Sumatra has an established state-own enterprise exploring the Quarry Open Pit Mine. This mining process leaves some abondance open field that has a high potential to install a PV system. The Government has undertaken an initial analysis of 200 hectares of ex-mining land for this purpose. This paper analyzes the potential for PV panels to be installed at PTBA Tanjung Enim Quarry Open Pit Mine. The location of the PV panel in the open pit Quarry for this analysis is at an altitude of +140 m above sea level. Meanwhile, the PTBA Tanah Putih Township housing site where the PV comparison panel is installed is located on the altitude of +100 m above sea level, and within 2.97 km from the mine. PV panels installed in Open Pit mines generate better electricity and efficiency compared to PV panels installed outside the mine (in PTBA Township Housing). The difference of Isc between PV Panel installed in Quarry Open Pit Mine and Township is 0.0075 A. The Iload measured on the Quarry Open Pit Mine PV panel is 0.5478 A higher than the Township PV panel. Meanwhile, Voc measured on Quarry Open Pit Mine PV panel is smaller than Township PV panel, approximately 0.266 V and Vload of Quarry Open Pit Mine PV panel is 0.266 V larger than Township PV panel. The produced power of Quarry Open Pit Mine PV panel is 11.02 W larger than the Township PV panel. From the total value, the average efficiency produced by Quarry Open Pit Mine PV panels is 2.31 % higher than the efficiency produced by Township PV panels. This research shows the possibility and advantage of installing a PV system on a Quarry Open Pit Mine.
Flood Disaster and Early Warning: Application of ANFIS for River Water Level Forecasting
Authors: Faruq Amrul , Marto Aminaton , Izzaty Nadia Karima , Kuye Abidemi Tolulope , Mohd Hussein Shamsul Faisal , Abdullah Shahrum Shah
Published: March 2021

Intensively monitoring river water level and flows in both upstream and downstream catchments are essential for flood forecasting in disaster risk reduction. This paper presents a developed flood river water level forecasting utilizing a hybrid technique called adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model, employed for Kelantan river basin, Kelantan state, Malaysia. The ANFIS model is designed to forecast river water levels at the downstream area in hourly lead times. River water level, rainfall, and river flows were considered as input variables located in upstream stations, and one river water level in the downstream station is chosen as flood forecasting point (FFP) target. Particularly, each of these input-output configurations consists of four stations located in different areas. About twenty-seven data with fifteen minutes basis recorded in January 2013 to March 2015 were used in training and testing the ANFIS network. Data preprocessing is done with feature reduction by principal component analysis and normalization as well. With more attributes in input configurations, the ANFIS model shows better result in term of coefficient correlation ( ) against artificial neural network (ANN)-based models and support vector machine (SVM) model. In general, it is proven that the presented ANFIS model is a capable machine learning approach for accurate forecasting of river water levels to predict floods for disaster risk reduction and early warning.
Upaya Kepolisian dalam Penanganan Kasus Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan yang Dilakukan WNA (Warga Negara Asing) terhadap WNI (Warga Negara Indonesia)
Authors: Rama Yudha Cokorda Gede Agung , Laksmi Dewi Anak Agung Sagung , Sutama I Nyoman
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is a law state that has a binding nature of its citizens based on the territorial principle in which the principle explains, the regulations in force in Indonesia apply to all people namely Indonesian citizens and foreigners residing in Indonesia, Police efforts in handling cases of murder committed by foreigners Indonesian Citizens based on article
338 of the Indonesian Criminal Code where the act constitutes an action by eliminating
the lives of others. Therefore the authority of the police in handling the case as investigators to maintain security and order in Indonesia. The formulation of the issues raised in this study is how the investigation process in the crime of murder by foreigners is reviewed with the territorial principle and how the Legal Settlement of Criminal Acts of Murder by Foreigners Against Indonesian Citizens Based on the judicial system in Indonesia is reviewed with the Territorial Principle. This type of research is normative legal research with the study of legal literary materials as a process for finding legal rules,  legal  principles,  and  legal  doctrines  in  order  to  address  the  legal  issues encountered and also the approach to the law is as a form to find the rules relating to an offense,  law  enforcement,  victim,  criminal  act  of  murder  committed  by  a  foreign national. The conclusion of this research is that the police have the authority as an investigator in a criminal case of a murder committed by a foreigner against a citizen, the  investigation  process  is  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Republic  of Indonesia  police  regulation  number  6  of  2019  and  also  article  6  of  the  Criminal Procedure Code concerning the provisions of the investigation with the provisions of article 2 of the Criminal Code explained that the regulations in Indonesia apply to all of its citizens residing in Indonesia and that enforcement is carried out against perpetrators of murder committed according to the judicial system in Indonesia based on the provisions of article 2 of the Criminal Code concerning territorial principles with article338 of the  Criminal Code. suggestions for foreigners and citizens to be more subject to regulations that apply in Indonesia so that the creation of justice and peace and advice to the government to pay more attention to local residents.
Uang Virtual (Cryptocurrency) Sebagai Sarana Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dalam Perdagangan Saham
Authors: Maha Rani Dewanti Arya , Gede Sugiartha I Nyoman , Sukaryati Karma Ni Made
Published: March 2021

The continuation of the electronic media that is widely discussed today is virtual money, commonly known as cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency can also be referred to as an unformed commercial object; actually in digital form which can be used in electronic transactions. This study aims to analyze the existence of virtual money (cryptocurrency) in stock trading in Indonesia and to find out the responsibilities of money laundering offenders who use virtual money (cryptocurrency) in stock trading. The research method used is normative legal research. The results show that the existence of virtual money (cryptocurrency) in stock trading in Indonesia when used as currency unification, transact, trade or as a means of payment with businesses in this case, especially stock trading in Indonesia can be said to be invalid in terms of Law Number 7. 2011 concerning Currency. Users of virtual money (cryptocurrency) in Indonesia are quite widely used in business, which can be seen in Indonesia itself that virtual money (cryptocurreny) such as Bitcoin and Centcoin are circulating. Then, the responsibility of the perpetrators of money laundering who use virtual money (Cryptocurrency) in stock trading, where this action has a very negative impact on the Indonesian State, especially in terms of business because people who have committed these crimes take advantage of technological advances unwise so that the perpetrators can be ensnared based on Law No. 8 of 2010 concerning the prevention and eradication of the crime of money laundering.