bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORS ON THE DYNAMICS OF LIVESTOCK DISTRIBUTION BY REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Chimitdorzhieva Ekaterina , Garmaev Dylgyr , Bardahanova Taisiya , Sanzhina O. , Vanchikova Elena
Published: March 2024

Changes in the number of livestock in the regions of the Russian Federation are uneven; according to Rosstat, in 2021 the number of livestock increased compared to 1991 only in three republics - Dagestan, Tyva and Altai. In the process of studying the dynamics of livestock in the regions of the Russian Federation, an assessment was made of the influence on the region's place in the Russian Federation in terms of livestock in 2021 of various factors such as: the number of livestock in the region in 1991 (starting conditions); livestock growth rate; distribution of livestock by farm categories; ranking of regions by socio-economic status and quality of life. The ranking position of the Russian region in terms of total livestock in 2021 is largely unchanged compared to 1991, with the exception of its position, distributed according to the growth rate of livestock in the region. The distribution of livestock by farm category does not have a significant impact on the total number of livestock in the region. However, the study showed that in such categories of farms as agricultural organizations and households, the growth rate of livestock is higher, the higher the position of the region in terms of livestock in the corresponding category of farms. In the process of studying socio-economic factors on changes in livestock numbers in the region, it was revealed that the development of the livestock industry in the regions is not the basis for the well-being of the territory. When assessing the relationship between the number of livestock and the quality of life of the population, it was revealed that the growth of livestock occurs in regions not with the highest level of economic well-being.
VARIETY STUDY OF SESAME SAMPLES IN THE CONDITIONS OF ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: Myagkova Elena , Eremin Vladimir
Published: March 2024

The research was carried out in 2020–2022 in the south of Chernoyarsk district of Astrakhan region in order to identify promising and adaptive sesame breeding material to the conditions of the region for its further involvement in the creation of new varieties of this crop. The work was carried out on an irrigated plot, the soil of the experimental plot in terms of granulometric composition was heavy loamy, the soil type was light chestnut. The meteorological conditions that developed during the study period were typical for the cultivation zone. The material for the study was 70 collection samples of sesame from All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I.Vavilov (VIR). The Solnechny variety was chosen as the standard. During the work, the following samples were identified: K-188 (Turkey), K-1060 (India), K-239 (Greece), K-1506 (Venezuela), K-594 (Tajikistan). Their yield varied over the years as follows: in 2020 – 2.2…3.1 t/ha, while the value of this indicator for the standard was 1.7 t/ha; in 2021 – 1.3…2.5 t/ha and 2.7 t/ha; in 2022 – 1.3…2.8 t/ha and 2.4 t/ha, respectively. For these samples, environmental plasticity and stability were calculated according to Eberhart and Russell. The high-intensity group (bi>1, σ2d→0) includes samples K-239 (Greece, bi=2.05 and σ2d=0.08); K-1506 (Venezuela, bi=2.18 and σ2d=0.10); K-594 (Tajikistan, bi=1.91 and σ2d=0.09). The standard indicators of environmental adaptability were as follows: bi=-2.39 and σ2d=0.09. Considering that in addition to adaptability, the samples K-1506 (Venezuela) and K-594 (Tajikistan) had an average yield of 2.0 t/ha in the conditions of Astrakhan region for 2020-2022, and the sample K-188 (Turkey) for the study period exceeded the value of this indicator for the standard by an average of 0.53 t/ha, they can be recommended as a promising breeding material for creating sesame varieties.
THE EFFECT OF FUNGICIDES MIXED WITH GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF NEW VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Khromova Lyudmila , Shabatukov Anzor , Malkandueva Aminat
Published: March 2024

Research was carried out to study the possibility of reducing the harmfulness of pyrenophorosis, increasing the yield and quality of winter wheat grain using growth regulators and fungicides. The work was carried out in 2020-2022 in conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture in the steppe zone of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Two experiments were carried out using growth regulators (without treatment; Albit, TPS; Bigus, VR; Tsircon, R; Epin-Extra, R; Ribav-Extra, R), as well as chemical (Spirit, SK) and biological fungicides (Fitolavin, VRK Baksis, Zh Kasumin 2L, VR Vitaplan, SP) in combination with the growth regulator (Gumi, R). As a result of the studies, the following indicators were studied: biological productivity, weight of 1000 grains, gluten content, susceptibility to yellow spot - Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler, biological effectiveness of drugs. When using Epin-Extra, P, the weight of 1000 grains in the Yuzhanka variety was 40.7 g, when applying Bigus, BP on Pamyati Shatilov’s wheat - 42.4 g, Albit, TPS on the Taulan variety - 42.1 g with an average value of the indicator in the variant without drugs for all studied varieties was 37.8 g, with drugs – 40.4 g. On the Pamyati Shatilov variety, the growth regulator Albit, TPS, stood out, with the use of which the productivity was 6.0 t/ha, the increase over the control was 0.6 t/ha. The biological effectiveness of the chemical fungicide Spirit, SK on the Yuzhanka variety was 84.8%, and on the Pamyati Shatilova variety 89.1%. For the biofungicides Kasumin 2 L, VR and Fitolavin, VRK against pyrenophorosis, it was equal to 9.6% and 18.4%, respectively, which is much lower than for the chemical fungicide.
DETERMINATION OF THE QUANTITY OF MOVEABLE MATERIAL BY THE SCREW DISPENSER IN BRAKING MODE
Authors: Bulatov Sergey , Isupov Aleksey , Nechaev Vladimir , Tareeva Oksana , Pronin Aleksey
Published: March 2024

Screw conveyors have found application in the food, processing and chemical industries. Depending on the characteristics of the transported raw materials, conveyors of various designs are used. Due to a number of advantages in the production of dry bulk feed mixtures for farm animals, it is rational to use horizontal screw dispensers of a closed type driven by asynchronous electric motors. To increase the life of asynchronous motors, their operating mode provides for smooth braking, which affects the accuracy of dosing feed components. In this regard, the purpose of the research was formulated – to determine the influence of the structural and technological parameters of screw dispensers on the amount of material to be moved during the braking of the screw. Calculations were performed for a standard DSh-60 auger using well-known laws of mechanics. When considering the calculation scheme, it was revealed that in the screw braking mode, the mass of the dosed materials is influenced by the material supply and the screw rotation frequency. The permissible ranges of the screw rotation frequency have been experimentally established when it changes in the braking mode, which are in the range from 94.8 min-1 to 18.7 min-1. As a result of the calculations carried out, it was revealed that as the screw rotation frequency increases in the specified range, the amount of material moved by it increases by 3.7 times. The lowest feed value for the screw in question is set, which is 0.8 kg/min (at = 18.7 min-1), and the minimum mass moved by the DSh-60 screw in braking mode is 19 g. Calculated values of the mass of the dosed component can be entered into the screw control program to adjust the dosing accuracy.
RADIANTS FOR MICROWAVE - CONVECTIVE INSTALLATIONS. SIMULATION RESULTS
Authors: Vasilev Aleksey , Vasil'ev Aleksey , Budnikov Dmitriy , Sobchenko Yuriy
Published: March 2024

The studies were carried out to simulate the distribution of the electromagnetic field to assess the efficiency of three types of emitters according to the following parameters: standing wave coefficient, which makes it possible to compare the consistency of emitters; radiation efficiency, showing the amount of energy transferred to the grain layer; microwave field radiation pattern, which allows one to evaluate the uniformity of the field distribution in the grain layer. For evaluation and comparison, three types of waveguides were considered: horn, rectangular with slot emitters; semicircular with slot emitters. The distribution of the electromagnetic field was modeled using the CST Microwave Studio program. The use of horn waveguides in ultra-high-frequency convective installations makes it possible to produce fairly simple devices for grain processing. The standing wave coefficient for the operating frequency in this case is 1.3, with a radiation efficiency of 78 dB. However, they do not ensure uniform distribution of the ultrahigh frequency field at the exit from the waveguide, which affects the efficiency of grain processing. The use of rectangular waveguides 55 mm × 110 mm with slot emitters ensures more uniform radiation of the electromagnetic field across the entire spectrum of wave types. The standing wave ratio is 1.0 and the radiation efficiency is 94.43 dB. However, their use requires additional design developments to ensure the supply of coolant to the processing zone. Semicircular waveguides with slot emitters provide a standing wave ratio of 1.0 over the entire frequency range from 2 to 3 GHz. Radiation efficiency is 94.28 dB. The uniformity of the electromagnetic field distribution along a semicircular waveguide is better than along a rectangular one.
MICROWAVE ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGICAL INSTALLATION FOR MICROWAVE PROCESSING OF TIMBER AND POLYCAPROMIDE THREADS
Authors: Tukhvatullin Midkhat
Published: March 2024

Research was carried out to determine the optimal modes for the simultaneous processing of lumber and polycaproamide threads in a hybrid microwave electrotechnological installation. The work was carried out on an installation with a hybrid-type chamber with adjustment of the microwave power level of the magnetrons and the duration of exposure. Two possible designs of a hybrid installation for processing lumber and polycaproamide threads are presented, differing in that in one the lumber was processed inside the chamber, and the polycaproamide threads were pulled through waveguides using bobbins and an electric motor installed outside the chamber, and in the second, both materials were processed inside the installation chamber. The object of research is lumber and polycaproamide threads. Lumber was loaded into the working chamber in the form of a stack, which rotated along its axis, and a structure was examined in which polycaproamide threads were pulled through a waveguide extending from a source of microwave energy outside the chamber. The time of exposure to microwave radiation on lumber and half-caproamide threads was measured using electronic stopwatches; temperature and humidity were measured using a Testo 905T2 thermometer, a Testo 830T1 pyrometer, and a Testo 606-1 digital hygrometer. The use of a hybrid microwave electrotechnological installation reduced the processing time of lumber due to rotation in the microwave field to 15 hours, while ensuring the required quality of the dried material (final moisture content - 7.1%, reduction in chipping and impact bending strength within 5%). The relative breaking elongation of polycaproamide threads increased by 48.2%, and the breaking load – by 27.6%. Thanks to the simultaneous processing of lumber and polycaproamide threads, it is possible to reduce metal consumption and increase the energy efficiency of the installation.
DIGITAL SOLUTIONS IN AGRIBUSINESS: DEVELOPING A METHODOLOGY FOR MONITORING GRAIN PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS
Authors: Arinichev Igor' Vladimirovich , Sidorov Viktor , Arinicheva Irina
Published: March 2024

The active penetration of digital technologies into human economic activity objectively poses the task of forming an informational space and a new technological base across the entire economic space of society. The appearance of key sectors of the national economy is changing, with an increasing portion of business processes moving into the digital environment, thereby forming a barrier-free character of exchange and consumption relationships. Among the sectors of the domestic economy, the agricultural sector (AIC) has the highest rates of digital activity growth in recent years, with its indicator in 2023 amounting to 200% relative to the average level across the economy – 131% (compared with 2016), indicating the beginning of fundamental transformations within the mode of production. The leader of the AIC is the production of grain and its processing products, collectively accounting for more than a third of the total volume of the agri-food market, hence the processes of digital solutions penetration into grain production require close attention. The key business process of grain production is the monitoring of all its elements, ensuring the quality and timeliness of management decisions at each level of added value production. The spread of business models based on digital technologies requires a new methodology of platform solutions not only at the level of technological adaptation but also restructuring, modification of established ways of conducting agribusiness, and significant organizational changes. Systematization of digital solutions approaches shows that the use of artificial intelligence significantly accelerates the digital transformation of grain production; however, for a widespread transition to intelligent monitoring methods of grain production, a number of objective conditions must be met, among them: data handling, the ability to choose a computer vision model, creation of neural network architecture, organization of training for personnel capable of making decisions on digital platforms, and the formation of corresponding psychological-behavioral client content. The implementation of these conditions, based on ongoing institutional transformations, is capable of ensuring stable growth of grain production, reducing its energy intensity, and preparing personnel with digital economy competencies.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY TECHNOLOGIES AS A DIRECTION FOR INCREASING THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENTS
Authors: Dyatlova Angelina , Klychova Guzaliya , Svirina Marina
Published: March 2024

. In the context of a sharp decline in the country’s budget revenues and an increase in its expenses, it is very important to organize the effective use of available resources, including financial ones. Therefore, it is very important to organize a system for regulating the use of budget funds through the system of organizing public procurement. Many enterprises consider this sector of activity economically profitable for themselves, since public procurement is associated with the provision of quality services in the healthcare sector, the agricultural sector and the social sphere, is a motivator of innovative development, a lever to combat environmental pollution, and also provides a factor in sustainable development. Starting in 2020, government procurement was transferred to electronic format. In a study conducted by the Institute of State and Municipal Management of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, which was published on December 20, 2021, an anonymous survey revealed that most representatives of business structures participating in public procurement encounter corruption during the competitive procedures. Based on the results of the analysis, it was revealed that open competition in electronic form and procurement from a single supplier (performer, contractor) are the most susceptible to corruption. And the best from the point of view of anti-corruption is an electronic auction, since it takes place in real time, which creates public control over the auction. As a result of the research, directions for openness and accessibility of information on public procurement for all interested parties, automation of the process of selecting a winner in a limited time without the influence of the customer with the participation of artificial intelligence were proposed. This will help increase the level of economic security of Russia in the field of public procurement.
Increasing formalization of tasks of verification of topology and electrical diagram for CAD-CAM design systems
Authors: Poluektov Aleksandr , Zolnikov Konstantin , Achkasov A. , Chevychelov Yu.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the study of methods for checking the conformity of the topology and electrical circuit in electronic devices. The authors present a new approach to the analysis and verification of topological structure taking into account electrical characteristics, which leads to increased formalization of problems and provides better optimization of interaction between a person and a computer CAD system. The study includes an analysis of modern methods and tools used in the electronic device design process, and also proposes innovative approaches to ensure consistency between topology and electrical functionality. LVS verification of the project using Caliber, xRC extraction of the project, physical verification of the project using CAD software Cadence Physical Verification System (PVS), LVS verification of the project using PVS are performed. Presents a detailed analysis of the integrated circuit verification process performed using modern CAD tools. The work examines the key stages of verification, including LVS verification of the project using the Caliber tool, xRC extraction of the project, as well as physical verification of the project using the Cadence Physical Verification System (PVS). Particular attention is paid to LVS checks, which are an important design step to ensure compliance with the topology and electrical design. The features of using Caliber to perform LVS checks are discussed, as well as the xRC extraction process to extract parameters of resistors and capacitors. For physical verification of the project, the capabilities of Cadence PVS were used, which provides analysis of compliance of the physical implementation of the circuit with the specified rules. The results obtained and the experience presented in the article can be useful for engineers and researchers involved in the design of integrated circuits, as well as for those interested in the application of modern CAD tools in the field of verification and validation of electronic devices.
Selecting an optimality criterion when making management decisions in complex technical systems
Authors: Skrypnikov Aleksey , Vysotskaya Irina , Evdokimova Svetlana , Zinov'eva Vera , Nikul'cheva Oksana
Published: March 2024

Criteria for the optimality of a management decision make it possible to predict possible options for solving a problem, analyze the influence of various factors and optimize the operation of the system. An effective management decision implies the choice of an option for solving a given problem that corresponds to the best achievement of the goal, in terms of initial information about the problem. Automating the search for multiple valid management decisions can significantly speed up the design process and provide more effective interaction between humans and systems. The use of a rational optimality criterion, taking into account the various stages of the system’s operation, will help to select optimal management decisions and achieve the goals of the project. Thus, the correct choice of optimality criterion ensures an effective search for solutions and helps to determine the set of optimal solutions for the designed technical system. This in turn allows you to increase the efficiency and quality of the organization. The purpose of this work is to substantiate the choice of optimality criterion for a management decision when designing a complex system - a logging highway. An analysis of existing criteria was carried out. An optimality criterion has been proposed and justified, denoting the effect of the construction of a logging road, calculated over the period from the beginning of its construction to the start of the first major repair. A system for automated search for management decisions is described.
Justification of methods for searching for principles of operation of complex technical systems and objects
Authors: Vysotskaya Irina
Published: March 2024

The design of technical systems is a complex process that requires taking into account many technical and engineering aspects. In modern conditions, problems arise in the development of complex technical systems and objects. To improve the quality of the designed systems and their economic feasibility can be achieved thanks to the operating principle model. The correct choice of the fundamental principles of the functioning of a technical system ensures the efficiency and quality of the management decision made. The principle of operation of a complex technical system is a sequence of actions that are based on certain physical effects that are necessary for the functioning of the system. When searching for optimal design solutions, it is necessary to consider various options for operating principles. Using a variety of physical effects, you can create different versions of the operating principles of complex technical systems and objects. One of the most famous methods for finding solutions is the morphological box method. The paper examines various ways to formalize the morphological box method and draws conclusions about the features of its application. The operating principle of a complex technical system is described, based on the concept of coupling of physical effects. The presented description of the set of technical solutions (tree of possible solutions), in contrast to the morphological box model, provides a complete hierarchical representation of the operating principle and allows us to identify feasible solutions using graph methods.
Comparative analysis of PROMETHEUS methods and fuzzy relations in decision-making conditions
Authors: Gorbunov V. , Bordyuzha Oleg , Pak A.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the issues of researching two decision-making methods. The paper provides an algorithm for selecting various types of criteria for preference functions that give pairwise assessments of alternative values. Preference indices for all criteria are determined, and a matrix of these indices is constructed. The graph of weighted superiority is used for all alternatives based on the index matrix. Input and output flows are determined to assess the domination of alternatives. These flows ensure ranking of alternatives in complete order. Another method involves evaluating alternatives using fuzzy relations. Definitions of utility functions for given alternatives are given. Distributions of normalized assessments on an ordered scale are shown. Pairwise assessments of alternatives are considered. Decision-making for the two methods is demonstrated using the example of designing a workshop section, which is evaluated against six criteria for three alternatives. In this example, preference indices for each pair of alternatives are presented, assessments of output and input flows are provided, and a series of alternative preferences are shown. Utility functions and pairwise assessments of alternatives are presented for fuzzy relations. Assessments of the dominance share for criteria by various methods are given. The structures of criteria for methods where equivalence of values is observed and differences in the decision-making process are shown. Conclusions are drawn regarding the features that lead to discrepancies in assessments and at which stages for different methods. Recommendations are provided for using the analysis results for decision-making support. The application of the results of this research in practice will significantly enhance the efficiency of decision-making.
Modeling of heat and mass transfer systems in industrial nuclear power plants
Authors: Karelin Andrey
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the work is to carry out the necessary theoretical research and practical research for the possibility of using modern methods of ventilation of premises or using these methods in various technical installations of a nuclear reactor. The study is based on the study of the aerodynamic characteristics of an object (a crowded ship room or a nuclear reactor) at reference points. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the use of patented technologies (originally proposed by the author, and then patented by the responsible executor of the topic, a hydroaerodynamic transformer) and equipment for solving these problems for use in nuclear energy. The results of scientific research may be of interest to a wide range of specialists and scientists, mainly for nuclear energy. The research methods are based on the methods of similarity theory (Reynolds similarity criterion) and differential equations. A mathematical approach to modeling the system under study and heat and mass transfer processes occurring in an industrial nuclear power plant or spatial objects of ship premises has been formed. A general methodological approach and a scheme for the research installation of a nuclear reactor have been developed, and a model based on second-order regression equations has been constructed. Based on mathematical models and confirmed theoretical results, the distribution of gas-liquid flows is empirically visualized in experimental studies. The intensification of heat and mass transfer in the fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor is considered.
Architectural solution for service design space-time navigation in educational institutions
Authors: Kuripta Oksana , Minakova O. , Pocebneva Irina
Published: March 2024

The paper presents an architectural solution to the problem of including navigation services in the already existing information system of the university. The relevance of the study is due to the modern development of indoor navigation technologies and the widespread prevalence of mobile services. The problem statement considers the multi-level architecture of the university IS and its functional logical model in relation to the concept of creating an adaptive educational environment. Based on this, the need to use microservices and APIs for space-time navigation in a university environment is justified. The presented justification of the selected design solutions is based on the proposed generalized scenario of internal navigation in the university, including the setting and construction of routes. Movement at the university is determined by the schedule of events, which implies space-time tracking depending on the role of the user and the infrastructure of buildings. The generalization of our experience in implementing various applications using navigation and location, as well as the results of the modeling of use cases from various points of view, allowed us to build a domain model. It has been proven that such an organization of the data model can be generated from the information structure of the portal and other external systems. Based on the described design solutions, a microservice architecture for a space-time navigation system with a public API has been developed. The key advantage of this approach is not only ample opportunities to support various university activities, but also the creation of infrastructure mechanisms for the modernization and development of the information and educational ecosystem.
Development of an automated control system for a mobile robot
Authors: Mescheryakova Anna
Published: March 2024

In modern conditions, when automation is becoming universal, there are many different names and manufacturers of automated control systems on the market. These systems include various devices such as communication facilities, multifunctional signal input/output boards, a variety of controllers, intelligent and non-intelligent sensors, actuators, single-board computers for industrial use and other devices. There are many companies and names in this field offering their products and solutions. Companies such as Siemens, Schneider Electric, ABB, Rockwell Automation, Honeywell and many others. The automated control system of the mobile robot allows for manual and automatic control under the direct supervision of a qualified employee. The main idea in the development of an automatic control system for mobile robots is that the robot moves through the warehouse premises of the enterprise without human intervention, transporting loads of different sizes and choosing the optimal trajectory of movement. The main advantage of mobile robotic platforms is their versatility. Mobile platforms can be used to perform a variety of tasks, such as transporting goods in a confined space or mapping an area. Depending on the characteristics of each mobile platform, you can create control systems to perform a specific task.
Improving the efficiency of work in Open Source projects based on architectural analysis (using the example of the Sakhan project)
Authors: Minakova O. , Pocebneva Irina , Gusev Pavel
Published: March 2024

The paper presents a methodology for entering an open source project using architectural analysis to develop programming skills and volunteer activities using architectural analysis. The relevance is due to the difficulty of entering into joint projects. As a method for solving this problem, it is proposed to use architectural analysis according to the C4 model. Using the example of the Sahana EDEN software project from the source code repository, the application of this method is described. Interest in this project is due to both its humanitarian goal and the large number of active participants, which makes it a significant example of intellectual volunteering. For each step of the architectural analysis, a detailed description of the results is presented - context, container and component diagrams. An analysis of the repository of an open source project should begin with an overview of the project structure and a study of the description, open questions, rules for making changes, current problems and technical debt. The importance of assessing one's own capabilities through studying the project's coding standards, problems and technical debt is substantiated. The conducted research showed that project work with open source software allows one to improve programming skills in practice, gain experience in joint activities and production communications, which allows us to recommend the comprehensive use of open source projects as an important educational activity for students.
Paroxysmal rush of intrusive eidetic images – diagnostic doubts. Case report
Authors: Świerzy Krzysztof , Tatar Dominika , Leksowska Aleksandra , Badura-Brzoza Karina
Published: March 2024

Wyobrażenia ejdetyczne są stosunkowo rzadkim zjawiskiem w praktyce lekarza psychiatry. Opisywane są w kategorii zaburzeń percepcji jako wyobrażenia lub wspomnienia, które dzięki swej plastyczności, żywości i szczegółowości bardzo zbliżają się właściwościami do aktualnie przeżywanych spostrzeżeń zmysłowych. Należy jednak pamiętać, że ich występowanie nie wiąże się z żadnymi zaburzeniami psychicznymi, a obserwuje się je również u niektórych zdrowych. Niniejsza praca przedstawia opis przypadku pacjenta ze skargami na „ugłośnione”, plastyczne wyobrażenia – przebieg jego hospitalizacji psychiatrycznej oraz prowadzoną wówczas diagnostykę psychologiczną. Autorzy zwracają uwagę na trudności w różnicowaniu przede wszystkim z pseudoomamami słuchowymi oraz podejmują próbę psychopatologicznej klasyfikacji objawów występujących u pacjenta. Dyskusja na temat możliwych mechanizmów chorobowych tego zjawiska oparta jest o doniesienia, a także badania dotyczące fenomenu wyobraźni i wyobrażeń ejdetycznych, a celem niniejszego opracowania jest zwrócenie uwagi diagnostów na kategorię zjawisk psychicznych o nacechowaniu ejdetycznym, co być może pozwoli im unikać nieprawidłowego rozpoznawania ich jako elementu psychotycznych zaburzeń percepcji.
Validation of the Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ) in a representative Polish sample
Authors: Wardęszkiewicz Jan , Holas Paweł
Published: March 2024

Cel pracy

Celem badania była walidacja Krótkiego Kwestionariusza Unikania Doświadczania (Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire) w języku polskim oraz ocena jego własności psychometrycznych.

Metoda

W internetowym badaniu wzięła udział reprezentatywna próba polskiej populacji (N = 1 216) pod względem płci, wieku, wykształcenia i miejsca zamieszkania. Adaptacja została przeprowadzona z zastosowaniem tłumaczenia wstecznego w celu zachowania wierności wersji oryginalnej. Uczestnicy wypełnili dodatkowo kwestionariusze mierzące poziom depresji, fuzji poznawczej, uważności i elastyczności psychologicznej.

Wyniki

Konfirmacyjna analiza czynnikowa wykazała, że model jednowymiarowy niewystarczająco pasował do danych. Eksploracyjna analiza czynnikowa wyodrębniła dwa czynniki nazwane unikaniem "poznawczo-emocjonalnym" i "behawioralnym" o spójności wewnętrznej (α) wynoszącej odpowiednio .78 i .74 oraz stabilności w czasie r = .79 i .75 w 21-dniowym pomiarze odroczonym. Skale wykazały zadowalającą trafność zbieżną i różnicową.

Wnioski

Polska walidacja BEAQ pokazuje, że jest to narzędzie, które może być z powodzeniem stosowane w badaniach i praktyce klinicznej, ponieważ dostarcza rzetelnej miary unikania doświadczania i jest wygodne w użyciu dzięki swojej krótkiej formie.
Self-reported changes in engagement in offline and online gambling during temporary COVID-19 restrictions on access to land-based gambling venues in Poland and their relation to the gambling disorder
Authors: Lelonek-Kuleta Bernadeta , Bartczuk Rafał P.
Published: March 2024

Cel pracy

Celem badania było prześledzenie zmian w zaangażowaniu polskich graczy hazardowych w hazard internetowy i pozainternetowy, w powiązaniu z czasowym ograniczeniem dostępności hazardu stacjonarnego na skutek pierwszego lockdownu.

Metoda

Metodą kwestionariusza internetowego zebrano wyniki od 585 graczy. Warunkiem włączenia do próby było uprawianie hazardu stacjonarnego przed 15.03.2020. Badanych zapytano o uprawianie hazardu w Internecie i poza nim w okresie przed pierwszym lockdownem (przed 03.2020), w trakcie lockdownu (15.03. – 10.05.2020) oraz sześciu miesięcy po zakończeniu lockdownu. W analizach uwzględniono także nasilenie zaburzenia hazardowego (mierzone za pomocą kwestionariusza PGSI) oraz powody ograniczenia lub nasilenia zachowań hazardowych.

Wyniki

Dominującą tendencją wśród graczy offline było utrzymanie aktywności hazardowej na tym samym poziomie lub jej ograniczenie w okresie lockdownu (blisko 95% graczy). Ograniczenie gry wyjaśniano: ograniczeniami finansowymi oraz ograniczonym dostępem do gier poza Internetem. Nasilenie gry offline tłumaczono: wolnym czasem, potrzebą odreagowania stresu i potrzebą gotówki. Spośród 394 osób uprawiających przed pandemią tylko hazard offline, 30 osób zaczęło uprawiać podczas pandemii hazard online. Inicjacja uprawiania hazardu online, jak również nasilenie hazardu online lub offline były powiązane z większym nasileniem symptomów zaburzenia hazardowego.

Wnioski

Nasilenie zaangażowania w hazard w okresie pandemii w badanej grupie było zjawiskiem marginalnym i powiązanym z problemowym wzorcem jego uprawiania.
Robust Control and Actuator Fault Detection Based on an Iterative LMI Approach: Application on a Quadrotor
Authors: Benzinane Oussama , Rauh Andreas
Published: March 2024

Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) have recently gained momentum due to the increasing performance of computing hardware. Many current research activities rely on the advantages of this growth in order to design controllers with provable stability and performance guarantees. To guarantee robustness despite actuator faults, model uncertainty, nonlinearities, and measurement noise, a novel iterative LMI approach is presented to design an observer-based state feedback controller allowing for simultaneous optimization of the control and observer gains. A comparison with a combination of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and a Linear-Quadratic Regulator (LQR) has been conducted, inherently providing guaranteed stability for the closed loop only when the separation principle holds, which is not the case in this study. Both approaches are applied on a quadrotor, where reliable detection and compensation of the faults in the presence of measurement noise is demonstrated.
The Codac Library
Authors: Rohou Simon , Desrochers Benoît , Le Bars Fabrice
Published: March 2024

Codac (Catalog Of Domains And Contractors) is a C++/Python library providing tools for constraint programming over reals, trajectories and sets. It has many applications in parameter estimation, guaranteed integration or robot localization and provides reliable outputs by computing sets of feasible solutions according to the constraints defining the problem. This paper provides a brief overview of the library and its Contractor Network approach, illustrated on a convincing robotic application.
A nemzeti identitás szűkebb és tágabb aspektusai
Authors: Pék László
Published: March 2024

Olay Csaba könyvét szempontból is fontos, hiánypótló írásnak tartom. Egyrészt a nemzeti identitáshoz szűkebben és tágabban kapcsolódó fogalmak tisztázása miatt, másrészt az implicit nemzeti identitás mint regionális identitás kihangsúlyozása miatt, harmadrészt pedig azért, mert felhívja arra a figyelmet, hogy a nemzeti identitásunk - hasonlóan a személyes identitásunkhoz - nem egy stabil, megkérdőjelezhetetlen képződmény, hanem külső és belső hatások következtében narratív módon folyamatosan alakul.
Edmund Husserl metafizika-felfogásának főbb jellemzői és korszakai
Authors: Marosán Bence
Published: March 2024

A jelen írás fő témája Husserl metafizikával kapcsolatos felfogásának főbb fejlődési korszakai, valamint metafizika-koncepciójának legfontosabb sajátosságai. Mint azt megpróbálom majd megmutatni, Husserlnél három nagyobb, többé-kevésbé egybefüggő korszakról lehet beszélni: 1) az 1890-es évek elejétől az 1906/07 körül bekövetkezett „transzcendentális fordulatig” terjedő korszakról, 2) a „transzcendentális fordulattól” a húszas évek végéig nyúló időszakról, 3) végül a harmincas évek kései metafizikai koncepciójáról, melyet, Tengelyi László értelmezését követve, bizonyos joggal nevezhetünk az „őstények metafizikája” korszakának. Szeretném megmutatni, hogy Husserlnél a metafizikával kapcsolatos töprengéseknek – egész életművén keresztülhúzódó módon – három nagyobb szintje volt: 1) a metafizika ismeretelméleti, illetve fenomenológiai előkészítése és megalapozása, 2) a metafizika mint a valóság egyetemes és végső tudománya, és végül 3) a metafizika mint a „legfőbb és végső kérdések” (Isten, halhatatlanság) vizsgálódási területe. Mint arról a tanulmányban részletesebben lesz szó, az érett Husserl ez utóbbi, a lehetséges szemléletek területén végső soron túllépő területet, a fenomenológiai konstrukció módszerével próbálta meg fenomenológiailag hozzáférhetővé tenni.
Leibniz levélváltása Christobal de Rojas y Spinolával a felekezeti reunióról Magyarországon
Authors: Gángó Gábor
Published: March 2024

A tanulmány a hannoveri Leibniz-Archívum forrásanyagának bevonásával, illetve az ismert források kritikai újrafelvételével tárgyalja Christobal de Rojas y Spinola magyarországi misszióit a Leibnizcel folytatott levelezésének a perspektíváján keresztül. Megmutatja, hogy nézetkülönbségeik egyfelől a reunió egyházpolitikai tétjeinek, másfelől a magyar politikai közösség Habsburg birodalmon belüli autonómiájának eltérő értelmezéséből adódtak. A tanulmány a Leibniz-kutatás szempontjából a hannoveri polihisztor kelet-európai tájékozódásának témájához járul hozzá. Rojas y Spinola törekvéseit új megvilágításba helyezi annak bizonyításával: számára úgy tűnt, az egyházi reunió legfőbb akadályának nem a protestánsok ellenállása, hanem a katolikus egyházon belüli belső vita az oka.
A cogito-érv mint első alapelv
Authors: Simon József
Published: March 2024

A tanulmány elemzésének forrásai Pósaházi János Syllabus (Kolozsvár 1685) című művében kifejtett Descartes-kritikája és az arra válaszként íródott, ismeretlen szerzőtől származó Vindiciae című kézirat. Pósaházi az általa bírálat alá vett 32 karteziánus kijelentés (45-76. kijelentések) közül a 68. pont alatt az ellen érvel, hogy a cogito-érv a filozófia első alapelvéül szolgálhat. Érvelése szerint ha meg is engedjük a cogito-érv konkluzivitását (amit más helyeken kifejezetten tagad), az akkor sem lehet a filozófia első alapelve, mert érvényessége más, azt megelőző alapelveken nyugszik. Az ismeretlen szerző válasza szerint azonban éppen a cogito-érvvel szembenálló bármely más rivális alapelv szorul a cogito előzetes belátására, így Descartes helyesen tekintette ezt az elvet a filozófiai első alapelvének.
Ames és Apáczai
Authors: Kiss Farkas Gábor
Published: March 2024

Kutatásom tárgya Apáczai kései természetfilozófiai összegzése, a kéziratban maradt, 1659 előtt keletkezett Philosophia naturalis, és ennek eklektikus filozófiai rendszere. Hipotézisem szerint ennek az eklekticizmusnak a keretrendszerét Apáczai nem fogalmilag próbálta megteremteni, hanem elsősorban az vezérelte, hogy a számára személyesen fontos filozófiai hagyományok mindegyikét megismertesse diákjaival. Ehhez viszont szüksége volt a karteziánus prima philosophia és a tradicionális philosophia naturalis összekapcsolására. Ezt a kapcsot pedig William Ames Technometriája biztosította számára, amely az ars, illetve a techné fogalmán keresztül az Isten által teremtett világban Isten arsához vezető utak teljességét kívánta feltérképezni. Így jut el Descartes cogito-érvétől és a megismerés-fogalmától Ames ítéletalkotás-koncepcióján keresztül (iudicium) a teljes természet megismeréséhez, ami a philosophia naturalis tárgya, és egyúttal Isten ars-ának felfedezése a világban.
Examination of Mental Resilience Levels in Veteran Tennis Players
Authors: DEMİRCAN Yasin , AYAN Vedat , YÜKSEK Selami
Published: March 2024

This research aimed to explore the disparities in mental resilience levels among veteran tennis players concerning age, gender, and weekly training frequency. The survey method was employed, utilizing a survey technique as part of the screening process. The study involved 358 volunteer veteran tennis players, with 85 females and 273 males, who completed the mental resilience scale. The "Sports Mental Resilience Scale" and a researcher-prepared personal information form were used. The scale showed good reliability with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.81 for Confidence, 0.74 for Persistence, and 0.71 for Control. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0. Normal distribution was confirmed through Skewness, Kurtosis values, and the Levene Test. Parametric tests, such as Independent Sample T Test and One Way ANOVA, were used when significant differences emerged between groups. The Scheffe test was applied to identify the sources of differences. Results revealed no statistically significant difference in average mental resilience scores based on gender (p>0.05). However, significant differences were found in Confidence and Persistence sub-dimensions based on age (p<0.05), as well as in the Confidence sub-dimension and total scores based on weekly training frequency (p<0.05). In summary, this study investigated the relationship between mental resilience levels and variables like gender, age, and weekly training frequency among veteran tennis players. It found that these factors indeed impact the mental resilience of veteran tennis players, contributing new insights to the field and future research.
I Was an Elite Tennis Athlete; I Played, I Won, I m Forced and I Left
Authors: YAVUZ Ülfet , BAYDAR ARICAN Özge , TÜRKMEN Ecem
Published: March 2024

Tennis players may encounter many physical and mental difficulties on the way to becoming a performance athlete by focusing on their careers and having to sacrifice their educational experiences, work opportunities and social lives. While this situation leads to an increase in their tendency to quit sports at an early age, it also shows that there is a need for studies to determine the factors that affect sports behavior. In this direction, the aim of the study is to examine and evaluate the reasons for starting and continuing tennis, the difficulties they encounter as athletes and the reasons for quitting tennis. This research, which was conducted with qualitative methodology, was carried out within the scope of phenomenology pattern. In this study, in which convenience sampling and criterion sampling, one of the purposive sampling methods, were used together, a screening was carried out according to the pre-established criteria in the process of determining the participant. In line with these criteria, the study group consists of 22 athletes, male and female, who have played elite tennis in clubs affiliated to the Turkish Tennis Federation and who have quit tennis. From the participants; They were asked to answer questions about the reasons for starting tennis, the reasons for becoming an elite tennis player, the difficulties they encountered while playing tennis, and the reasons for quitting tennis. The data obtained were coded within the framework of questions and sub-questions using content analysis, and then themes and sub-themes were determined. As a result, the majority of the participants stated that they started tennis with the support of their parents, they expected to have a reputation/status and to have social/educational opportunities thanks to tennis. In addition, it was concluded that they could not be motivated enough to train-competition due to the lack of knowledge of their trainers and they stopped playing tennis due to permanent injuries, surgical operations and mental fatigue.
Investigation of the Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Sleep Patterns, Nutritional Characteristics, and Physical Activity Levels in Young Individuals Doing Active Sports
Authors: YARAR Hakan , ÖZKAN Ali , ERVÜZ Ece , KIRKAYA İzzet
Published: March 2024

Fasting during Ramadan causes significant changes in important features of human life, such as sleep behaviors, nutrition, and physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns, nutritional characteristics, and physical activity levels in young individuals doing active sports. Twenty-six individuals (14 males-12 females) between the ages of 19-25 and doing active sports participated in the study voluntarily. In the study, the athletes' sleep patterns, nutrition, and physical activity characteristics were determined using a questionnaire. Participants answered a questionnaire about their sleep patterns, nutritional characteristics, and physical activity levels one week before and during the first week of Ramadan. Comparisons between before and Ramadan answers were made by paired t-tests. Wilcoxon’s z was calculated for comparisons between the non-parametric variables. According to the statistical comparisons, the number of workouts per week, and daily training time, were significantly (p<0.05) decreased during Ramadan. In addition, it has been determined that the sleeping and waking hours have changed. It is seen that there is no statistically significant difference in total sleep times. There was no significant difference was found in the high-intensity, moderate-intensity physical activity and sitting times of the athletes (p>0.05). Significant decreases were found in walking and total calorie (MET) parameters (p<0.001). Moreover, no significant difference was found in the total calorie, carbohydrate, fat, protein, and liquid consumption. Ramadan fasting was affected by the number of workouts per week, daily training number, bedtime, waking-up time, walking, and total calorie (MET) parameters.