bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is the Mean Platelet Volume a Predictive Factor for Atrial Fibrillation Developing After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Elderly Patients?
Authors: PALA ARDA AYBARS , URCUN YUSUF SALIM
Published: November 2020

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) is the most common arrhythmic complication detected after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly patients. Mean platelet volume (MPV) shows the activation of platelets effective in the inflammatory and thrombotic process. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between the preoperative MPV levels and development of PoAF in isolated CABG in elderly patients.
Methods: A total of 103 elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years), who underwent isolated CABG and were at preoperative sinus rhythm, were included in the study. Patients who did not have PoAF were identified as Group 1 (N = 74), and those with PoAF were identified as Group 2 (N = 29).
Results: PoAF incidence was 28.2%. Preoperative MPV level was 8.41 ± 1.13 fL in Group 1, and 9.28 ± 1.00 fL in Group 2. The difference was statistically significant (P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, preoperative hemoglobin, and preoperative MPV were independent predictive factors for PoAF development (OR [odds ratio]: 1.149, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.043-1.265, P = .005; OR: 1.334, 95% CI: 1.013-1.758, P = .040; OR: 2.103, 95% CI: 1.324-3.339, P = .002, respectively). The cut-off value for MPV as the predictor of PoAF development was found to be 8.43 (sensitivity: 82.8% and specificity: 55.4%).
Conclusion: This study showed that MPV levels are associated with PoAF development in elderly patients, and other independent predictive factors include age and preoperative hemoglobin levels for POAF development.
On a nonclassical problem for the heat equation and the Feller semigroup generated by it
Authors: Kopytko B.I. , Novosyadlo A.F.
Published: November 2020

The initial boundary value problem for the equation of heat conductivity with the Wenzel conjugation condition is studied. It does not fit into the general theory of parabolic initial boundary value problems and belongs to the class of conditionally correct ones. In space of bounded continuous functions by the method of boundary integral equations its classical solvability under some conditions is established. In addition, it is proved that the obtained solution is a Feller semigroup, which represents some homogeneous generalized diffusion process in the area considered here.
Sensitivity of Cercospora beticola to fungicides in Slovakia
Authors: Hudec Kamil , Mihók Milan , Roháčik Tibor , Mišľan Ľudovít
Published: November 2020

The fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc. is the one of the most important pathogens on the sugar beet. The frequent application of fungicides with the same mode of action increase a risk of development of resistant strains of the pathogen. Occurrence of C. beticola resistant strains has been never researched in Slovakia. In this work, C. beticola isolates were collected from 10 localities of Slovakia and analysed for fungicide resistance in laboratory conditions. Nine fungicides with different mode of action were tested – trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole, kresoxim-methyl + epoxiconazole, azoxystrobin + cyproconazole, thiophanate-methyl + tetraconazole, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz + propiconazole, picoxystrobin, tetraconazole, and difenoconazole. The results confirmed, that occurrence of fungicide resistance in C. beticola population was established in Slovakia. Different criteria of assessment of fungicide resistance (based on EC50 and on growth rate – inhibition percentage) showed slightly different results, but both criteria confirmed resistant C. beticola strains to thiophanate-methyl, picoxystrobin and difenoconazole. Fields with higher frequency of application of these fungicides significantly supported the development of resistant strains. Assessment of any C. beticola strains have not confirmed reduced sensitivity to active ingredients tetraconazole and prochloraz + propiconazole. The lowest level of risk of fungicide resistance was confirmed in the locality Oslany. It is very important to focus on anti-resistant strategy and reduce of using fungicides on localities, where the occurrence of resistant C. beticola strains was confirmed – Dolné Saliby (thiophanate-methyl and picoxystrobin) and Senec (picoxystrobin and difenoconazole).
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients and the main nursing diagnoses
Authors: De Souza Laurindo Pereira , Vasconcellos Cidia , De Lima Marcia Guerino , Romanholo Rafael Ayres
Published: November 2020

AIMS: to present a reflection on the clinic of patients infected by COVID-19 and to propose the main nursing diagnoses based on International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP©).
METHOD: this is a reflection study, in which the selection criteria used were articles indexed in the MEDLINE, LILACS and BDENF databases published between December 2019 and April 2020, in English and Portuguese.
RESULTS: 10 scientific articles were part of the study, which made it possible to know the symptomatologic profile of the disease, with emphasis on the classic triad of COVID-19, which is cough, shortness of breath and fever. It revealed that the basic human need most affected in this patient profile is oxygenation in view of hypoxemia being the main complication, for which the clinical outcome was negative, especially in elderly patients.
CONCLUSION: there was a shortage and studies related to nursing in the face of this pandemic, but it was possible to conclude that ICNP© is one of the taxonomies that can be used to implement nursing diagnoses and intervention, the most frequent nursing diagnoses are related to the basic human and social need for oxygenation and vascular regulation.
Background for the new PCI recommended practice on strand bond
Authors: Brewe Jared
Published: November 2020

The new PCI “Recommended Practice to Assess and Control Strand/Concrete Bonding Properties of ASTM A416 Prestressing Strand” specifies two new threshold limits for pullout tests conforming to ASTM A416 and new equations for the transfer and development length of prestressing strand. This article provides a summary of more than 30 years of research and knowledge advancement on the bond between concrete and prestressing strand related to the development of the new recommended practice. Discussions regarding the adoption and incorporation of the new recommended practice into structural design, strand production, and precast concrete fabrication and quality control practices are ongoing.
Characterization and identification of flavonoids from Bambusa chungii leaves extract by UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS
Authors: Yuan Ting , Guo Xue-Feng , Shao Si-Yue , An Rong-Miao , Wang Jin , Sun Jia
Published: November 2020

Bamboo leaves extract (BLE) has a variety of physiological functions such as antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and blood fat reduction activities and the flavonoids of bamboo leaves are the major active constituents. To profile the flavonoids in the complex BLE, a rapid and sensitive analytical method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was developed for the structural identification of the flavonoids in Bambusa chungii leaves extract using accurate mass measurements and characteristic fragmentation patterns. After separation on an Agilent SB-C18 Rapid Resolution High Definition (RRHD) column (2.1 mm × 150 mm, 1.8 μm) by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase, the sample was analysed by ESI-QTOF-MS/MS in the negative mode. A total of 22 flavonoids were detected, and eight of these were identified by comparison with reference standards, while the other fourteen were tentatively identified according to their MS/MS data. The main fragmentation pathways of flavonoid C-glycosides (compounds 1, 5 and 10), flavonoid di-C,O-glycosides (compound 4), flavonoid di-C-glycosides (compound 7) and flavonoid C,O-di-glycosides (compounds 2 and 14) are shown in this article. This is the first report on the analysis of the flavonoids in the extract of B. chungii leaves. The present work demonstrates that UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS is an efficient technique for identifying multiple flavonoids of BLE.
Simultaneous quantification of five bioactive 16-deoxybarringtogenol C triterpenoid saponins in rat plasma by HPLC-MS: Application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge husks extract
Authors: Rong Weiwei , Sun Zheng , Guan Yina , Liu Ran , Li Qing , Bi Kaishun
Published: November 2020

In this study, a simple and rapid liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously determinate five 16-deoxybarringtogenol C triterpenoid saponins with the potential of neuroprotection in rat plasma following the oral administration of the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge husks extract. With digoxin as the internal standard, the plasma samples were pre-treated by ethyl acetate-isopropanol (1:1, v/v). The chromatographic separation of the five analytes was performed using a Phenomenex C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 mm) with a mobile phase of 0.05% formic acid (A)-acetonitrile (B). The mass spectrometric detection was carried out in the selected ion mode in positive ionization. The extraction recoveries of the five analytes were all over 71.28%. The established method was fully validated in line with the ICH and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study on the five analytes in rat plasma. The terminal half-life (t1/2) of the five analytes was 2.92 ± 0.57, 5.52 ± 1.75, 2.48 ± 0.62, 2.95 ± 0.94, and 2.34 ± 0.81, respectively. This study was purposed to investigate the oral pharmacokinetic parameters and gain an in-depth insight into the reasonable preclinical use of the husks extract derived from X. sorbifolia Bunge.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory and antibacterial activities of low molecular weight peptides derived from spent brewer’s yeast
Authors: Hien Pham Thi Thu , Hai Yen Cao , Thi Hang Nga Pham , Le Ha Quan , Thi Thu Dang
Published: November 2020

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases. Cardiovascular disease causes 17.5 million deaths each year, in which hypertension is a direct cause to the death of up to 40%. This hypertension is caused by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). ACE inhibitors consider as an effective therapy in  hypertension treatment.Many ACE inhibitors are synthesized by chemical pathways to control high blood pressure, however, these drugs often cause side effects. Therefore, in the last two decades, many authors have been interested in studying and producing a variety of ACE inhibitory peptides, which are naturally derived (plants, animals, and microorganisms) that help reduces blood pressure and less cause side effects. On the other hand, biologically active peptides that are resistant to pathogenic bacteria are also of special interest. In this study, we refer to the limited hydrolysis of spent brewer's yeast by proteases to collect peptides with a molecular size of ≤ 10, 5 and 3 kDa. Peptide fraction with molecular size  ≤ 10 kDa have ACE inhibitory activity. The results showed that smaller peptide fractions had higher ACE inhibitory activity. At concentration of 30 µg/mL, inhibitory activitiy of peptides with molecular sizes ≤ 10, 5, 3 kDa was 16.3, 27.7 and 32.7%, respectively, and the best IC50 was 48,85 µg/ml. The lowest peptide concentration for completely inhibition bacteria after 24 h of incubation was 30 mg/mL (V. cholerae), 35 mg/mL (E. coli) and 50 mg/mL (S. typhi).
Honeybee products as potential bioindicators of heavy metals contamination from Northern Vietnam
Authors: Ngat Tran Thi , Xuan Lam Truong , Gia Minh Hoang , Thi Phuong Lien Nguyen
Published: November 2020

Contamination of heavy metals (As, Cd, Hg, Pb and Sn) in honeybee products (Apis cerana) from Northern Vietnam is determined. The study was carried out in two main harvesting seasons of beekeeper farms (April and October), over two years (2018-2019). A total of 72 samples from 24 honeybee hives from 8 provinces and one city were collected. The results showed that the quality of three products in nearly all research sites were met the standards in accordance with the national technical regulation on the limits of heavy metal contamination in food of the Vietnamese Health Ministry, except for the pollen and beeswax from HY2 site. The concentration of Pb was most notably value in this study, which was determined at fairly high levels in pollen (3,767 mg/kg) and beeswax (5,840 mg/kg) from HY2 site. This can be a warning for this metal significant contamination in the habitat. Specially, Hg was not detected in most samples or only recorded without significant. For the environmental types, the mean value of As and Sn in all honeybee’s product types in semi-rural area were higher than that in rural area. Thus, the detection of the heavy metals proves that honeybee’s products could be good indicators to detect the environmental contaminants and monitor the habitat quality of a particular area
Characterization of kappa-carageenan from the red alga Kappaphycus striatum
Authors: Hung Le Dinh , Thi Huong Dang
Published: November 2020

The red alga Kappaphycus striatum is an economically important species and extensively cultivated in Vietnam as a material source for carrageenan production. To evaluate carrageenan quality, the characterization of carrageenan extracted from this alga was investigated. As a result, chemical composition of carrageenan consists of 32.4% of 3,6 anhydrogalactose and 24.3% of sulfate. Gelling and metling temperatures are 34.4oC and 55.6oC, respectively. Gel strength of 1.5% is 615 g/cm2 and average molecular weight is about 267 kDa. Furthermore, FT-IR spectrum showed intense absorption bands at 930 cm-1 and 850 cm-1 that attributed to 1,4-linked 3,6 anhydro-α-D-galactose and 1,3-linked β-D-galactose-4-sulfate of kappa-carrageenan, respectively. 13C NMR spectrum indicated the signals for anomeric carbon of β-D-galactose-4-sulfate at 102.6 ppm and anomeric carbon of 3,6-anhydro-α-D-galactose at 95.3 ppm. 13H NMR spectrum showed peak signals at 3.57 ppm and 5.1 ppm that corresponds with O-methyl proton of 1,3-linked 6-O-methyl-D-galactose and α-anomeric proton of 3,6 anhydro-α-D-galactose residues, respectively. The results show that the carrageenan from the red alga Kappaphycus striatus is kappa-carrageenan with the repeating disaccharide unit consisting of 1,3-linked 6-O-methylated, β-D-galactose-4-sulfate and 1,4-linked 3,6 anhydro-α-D-galactose and did not contain iota-carrageenan. Therefore, this alga may promise to be a good source for carrageenan production for application in food or medicine.
Transgenic soybean overexpressing GmNAC085 enhanced expression of important genes under salinity stress condition
Authors: Hoang Phuong Van Pham , Dang Minh Trang Le , Nguyen Chuong Nguyen , Phuong Thao Nguyen , Thi Lan Xuan Hoang
Published: November 2020

Climate change has made abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity bigger threats to ecosystem and global food security. In response to unfavorable conditions, physiological, biochemical and molecular activities in plants are altered. Particularly, various members of NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcriptional factor family have been reported to be the key regulators in modulating multiple biological processes of plant responses to osmotic stress conditions caused by drought and salinity. Previously, transgenic studies have shown the positive regulatory role of GmNAC085, a NAC transcription factor from soybean (Glycine max), in plant resistance against drought stress. Therefore, in this study, we extended the investigation on its contribution to salinity stress. According to our RT-qPCR analyses, expression of several important stress-related genes was significantly induced in the transgenic soybean plants in comparison with the wild-type plants, including antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes (GmSOD, GmAPX and GmCAT), sodium-proton antiporter encoding gene (GmNHX1) and proline metabolic gene (GmP5CS). Furthermore, biochemical results were also in agreement with the molecular data, with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities of peroxidase and catalase, and in couple with lower cellular content of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide in the transgenic plants. Taken these altogether, the transgenic plants might acquire advantages in dealing with oxidative stress using enzymes and proline, as well as cellular Na+ removal under salinity stress conditions. Therefore, underlying mechanisms of GmNAC085 associated with salinity stress should be fully elaborated to find out its potential utility in crop improvement.
Pengaruh Facebook dan Instagram Terhadap Pilihan Konsumen untuk Berbelanja di Toko Basmalah Cabang Sidogiri
Authors: Abadi Rukhul
Published: November 2020

This research examines the effect of Facebook and Instagram on consumer options to shop in the Toko Basmalah Sidogiri branch. The research method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis to the data carried out by dividing the questionnaire of 150 persons to buy products at the Toko Basmalah Sidogiri branch. The results of the questionnaire were tested using the SPSS version 20.0 program. The data collection technique used is distributing questionnaires to 50 respondents while the sampling technique used to calculate the size of the sample size is Non Probability Sampling. The results of the study used the method of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Validity Test, Reliability Test, Coefficient of Determination, Partial Hypothesis Test, Simultaneous Hypothesis Test. The results of the study used the method of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, Validity Test, Reliability Test, Coefficient of Determination, Partial Hypothesis Test, Simultaneous Hypothesis Test. The results showed that promotion variables through Facebook and Instagram together had an effect on consumers' choices for shopping at Toko Basmalah Sidogiri Branch. But partially, the promotion variable through Facebook has no effect on consumers 'choices to shop at Toko Basmalah Sidogiri Branch, other than the promotion variable via Instagram which has an influence on consumers' choices to shop at Toko Basmalah Sidogiri Branch.
Key Words : Social media, Puchase interest, Toko Basmalah
 
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Facebook dan Instagram terhadap pilihan konsumen untuk berbelanja di Toko Basmalah cabang Sidogiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagi kuesioner kepada 150 konsumen yang membeli produk di Toko Basmalah. Data kuesioner kemudian di uji menggunakan SPSS. Penelitian ini menggunakan 50 sampel yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. sedangkan Teknik sampling yang digunakan untuk menghitung besarnya ukuran sampel adalah Non Probability Sampling. Hasil penelitian mengunakan metode Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda, Uji Validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Koefisien Determinasi, Uji Hipotesis Parsial, Uji Hipotesis Simultan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial khususnya Instagram mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pilihan konsumen untuk berbelanja di Toko Basmalah cabang Sidogiri. Hasil uji secara simultan (bersama-sama) Facebook dan Instagram berpengaruh signifikan dan posituf terhadap pilihan konsumen untuk berbelanja di Toko Basmalah. Sedangkan hasil Uji t menunjukkan secara parsial hanya Instagram yang memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pilihan konsumen untuk berbelanja di Toko Basmalah. Sedangkan Facebook tidak berpengaruh terhadap pilihan konsumen untuk berbelanja di Toko Basmalah. 
Kata Kunci: Media sosial, Keputusan pembelian, Toko Basmalah
Penyusunan Strategi Pemasaran Islam dalam Berwirausaha di Sektor Ekonomi Kreatif Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Khoiri Abdi Moh , Febriyanti Novi
Published: November 2020

Abstract: In the middle of the development of UMKMs that were not too good in early 2020, UMKMs in Indonesia were again tested with the Covid-19 outbreak in the middle of the Indonesian people. The spread of the Covid-19 virus has a direct impact on the drastic decline in the economy of UMKMs, because every citizen, even school students, has a day off to stay at home, as a result, UMKM companies are hampered in sales and production. This article intends to analyze how the preparation of a Islamic marketing strategy that can be done during the Covid-19 pandemic and supporting factors in entrepreneurship in the creative economy sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using qualitative research methods with a library research approach. The results of this study prove that the preparation of a Islamic marketing strategy in entrepreneurship in the creative economy sector can be planned through STP (Segmenting, Targetting and Positioning) to attract consumers with the concept of halal market, namely halal activist, active customers, and passive customers. While the supporting factors in entrepreneurship in the creative economy sector during the Covid-19 pandemic to run effectively and efficiently include the concept of promotion, service excellet customer rewards, affiliations or partnerships and social capital.
Keywords: Islamic Marketing Strategy, Business, Creative Economy.
 
Abstrak: Di tengah perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) yang belum terlalu baik di awal tahun 2020, UMKM di Indonesia kembali diuji dengan wabah Covid-19 ditengah masyarakat Indonesia. Penyebaran virus Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang berimbas langsung terhadap penurunan secara drastis ekonomi UMKM, karena setiap warga bahkan murid sekolah pun diliburkan agar tetap berada didalam rumah, akibatnya perusahaan UMKM terhambat dalam penjualan dan juga produksi. Artikel ini bermaksud ingin menganalisis bagaimana penyusunan strategi pemasaran Islam yang dapat dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dan faktor pendukung dalam berwirausaha di sektor ekonomi kreatif pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penyusunan strategi pemasaran dalam berwirausaha pada sektor ekonomi kreatif dapat direncanakan melalui STP (Segmenting, Targetting dan Positioning) untuk menarik konsumen dengan konsep halal market, yaitu halal activist, active customers, dan passive customers. Sedangkan faktor pendukung dalam berwirausaha di sektor ekonomi kreatif pada masa pandemi Covid-19 agar berjalan secara efektif dan efisien diantaranya adalah konsep promotion, service excellet customers rewards, afiliasi atau kemitraan dan modal sosial.
Kata Kunci: Strategi Pemasaran Islam, Bisnis, Ekonomi Kreatif
Analisis SWOT dengan Model Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) Pada Layanan Fintech Bank Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Mazza Basya Maziyah , Utami Silfia Ayu Betty
Published: November 2020

Fintech has great potential to encourage the development of Islamic economics and finance in Indonesia, especially now that fintech-based services have been widely applied in the Islamic finance industry in various countries. Fintech can be applied to Islamic banking to encourage the development of the Islamic financial industry by providing more efficiency and fast service to customers, however the existing fintech services have not fully met the expectations of its customers. Basically, SWOT analysis is used as a tool to formulate strategic planning based on the top managerial brainstorming process. Nowadays, some experts criticize the subjectivity of SWOT analysis for being too high, so this research uses the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method to determine the perceptions of fintech financing customers in Islamic banks in Indonesia so that it can be taken into consideration in managerial decision making for the development of Islamic bank fintech financing. in Indonesia.
Key Words: Fintech; Islamic Bank; SWOT analysis; Importance Performance Analysis
 
Abstrak: Fintech sangat potensial untuk mendorong perkembangan ekonomi dan keuangan Syariah di Indonesia, terlebih saat ini layanan berbasis fintech telah banyak diterapkan dalam industri keuangan Syariah di berbagai Negara. Fintech dapat diaplikasikan pada perbankan Syariah untuk mendorong pengembangan industri keuangan Syariah dengan lebih memberikan efisiensi dan pelayanan jasa dalam waktu cepat kepada para nasabah, namun layanan fintech yang ada belum sepenuhnya memenuhi harapan nasabahnya. Analisis SWOT pada dasarnya digunakan sebagai alat untuk merumuskan perencanaan strategis berdasarkan proses brainstorming top manajerial. Dewasa ini, beberapa ahli mengkritisi subjektivitas analisis SWOT yang terlalu tinggi, sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan metode Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) untuk mengetahui persepsi nasabah pembiayaan fintech pada bank Syariah di Indonesia sehingga dapat dijadikan pertimbangan dalam pengambilan keputusan bagi manajerial untuk pengembangan pembiayaan fintech bank Syariah di Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Fintech; Bank Syariah; Analisis SWOT; Importance Performance Analysis
(De)constructing Imagination
Authors: Davis Jewel
Published: November 2020

This critical content analysis examines representations of race and ethnicity in three young adult speculative novels: Children of Blood and Bone, The Black Witch, and Carve the Mark. This study utilizes Critical Race Theory to closely analyze texts to find and critique elements of bias and highlight counter-stories. Three major themes emerged from the analysis: BIPOC characters as dark aggressors, the construction of systems of oppression in worldbuilding, and the transformation of characters encountering racism. In the discussion and implication, the author argues for supporting counter-storytelling and provides questions for analyzing representation in speculative fiction.
Research on Diversity in Youth Literature, edited by Sarah Park Dahlen and Gabrielle Atwood Halko
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: November 2020

Terri Suico reviews the bi-anual journal,Research on Diversity in Youth Literature, edited by Sarah Park Dahlen and Gabrielle Atwood Halko.
Perubahan Waktu Reaksi terhadap Stimulus Visual pada PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung setelah Bertugas Selama 24 Jam
Authors: Hidayat Lukman , Fuadi Iwan , Rachman Iwan Abdul
Published: November 2020

Waktu reaksi dibutuhkan oleh dokter anestesi karena harus berpikir dan bertindak cepat serta tepat dalam situasi kritis mengancam jiwa pasien. Jaga malam selama 24 jam dapat meyebabkan kelelahan dan gangguan tidur sehingga waktu reaksi menjadi lebih lambat. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perubahan waktu reaksi terhadap stimulus visual pada PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif FK Unpad setelah bertugas selama 24 jam di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini berlangsung pada bulan Oktober–November 2019 merupakan pretest and posttest control group design dilakukan pada 58 peserta dengan menilai waktu reaksi sebelum bertugas dan setelah bertugas selama 24 jam diperiksa menggunakan metode Ruler Drop. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon karena data distribusi tidak normal berdasar atas hasil Uji Kolgomorov Smirnov. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh median waktu reaksi setelah bertugas selama 24 jam menjadi lebih lama dibanding dengan sebelum bertugas. Nilai median waktu reaksi sebelum bertugas adalah 0,20 detik (range 0,10–0,25 detik), sedangkan waktu reaksi setelah bertugas selama 24 jam adalah 0,23 detik (range 0,17–0,32 detik), dengan rerata lama jam tidur selama bertugas 24 jam adalah 2,32±1,552 jam. Simpulan, waktu reaksi lebih lama pada peserta PPDS Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif FK UNPAD setelah bertugas selama 24 jam.
Pengaruh Premedikasi Midazolam 0,04 mg/kgBB sebelum Anestesi Spinal terhadap Respons Tubuh Saat Insersi Jarum Spinal dan Kepuasan
Authors: Christanti Anna , Oktaliansah Ezra , Indriasari Indriasari
Published: November 2020

Conscious sedation pada pasien yang dilakukan tindakan anestesi spinal membuat pasien menjadi lebih nyaman, kooperatif selama penyuntikan, dan mengurangi respons tubuh saat insersi jarum spinal. Midazolam memiliki efek ansiolitik, sedatif-hipnotik, amnesia, melemaskan otot, dan mengurangi mual-muntah akibat pembedahan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh premedikasi midazolam 0,04 mg/kgBB yang diberikan 30 menit sebelum dilakukan anestesi spinal terhadap respons tubuh pasien saat insersi jarum spinal dan kepuasan pasien terhadap anestesi spinal. Penelitian dilakukan periode September–Desember 2019 di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian bersifat prospektif eksperimental menggunakan uji klinis acak buta ganda terhadap 46 subjek yang dibagi acak ke dalam 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (kelompok K, n=23) dan kelompok premedikasi midazolam (kelompok M, n=23). Pasca- pemberian premedikasi midazolam dinilai respons tubuh pasien saat insersi jarum spinal menggunakan prick response score dan kepuasan pasien dengan numeric rating scale. Analisis statistik untuk respons penyuntikan dan kepuasan pasien diuji dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan respons tubuh pasien saat insersi jarum spinal berkurang (p<0,01) dan kepuasan pasien meningkat (p<0,01) pada kelompok premedikasi midazolam. Simpulan, premedikasi midazolam 0,04 mg/kgBB yang diberikan 30 menit sebelum anestesi spinal menurunkan respons tubuh pasien saat insersi jarum spinal dan meningkatkan kepuasan pasien terhadap anestesi spinal
EXPERIENCES OF IMMIGRANT WOMEN ACCESSING HEALTH CARE IN PUNTA ARENAS, CHILE
Authors: Ojeda Mackarena Alejandra Antilef , Santos Evangelia Kotzias Atherino dos , Damiani Pattrícia da Rosa
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the experience of immigrant women on access to health care in the city of Punta Arenas, Chile. Method: a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach study, in which 13 immigrant women took part. Data collection was carried out between March and July 2019, through four different focus groups. A thematic analysis was carried out. Results: from the analysis of the participants' narratives, the following categories emerged, detailed and analyzed in the light of other studies related to the theme: Use of the health services; Satisfaction in using the health services, and Obstacles to the use of the health services. Conclusion: in general, the immigrant population is required to know about their rights and duties as users of the health system.
The Position of Ammonia in Decarbonising Maritime Industry: An Overview and Perspectives: Part I
Authors: Ayvalı Tuğçe , Edman Tsang S. C. , Van Vrijaldenhoven Tim
Published: November 2020

Shipping, which accounts for 2.6% of global carbon dioxide emissions, is urged to find clean energy solutions to decarbonise the industry and achieve the International Maritime Organization (IMO)’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets by 2050. It is generally believed that hydrogen will play a vital role in enabling the use of renewable energy sources. However, issues related with hydrogen storage and distribution currently obstruct its implementation. Alternatively, an energy-carrier such as ammonia with its carbon neutral chemical formula, high energy density and established production, transportation and storage infrastructure could provide a practical short-term next generation power solution for maritime industry. This paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art and emerging technologies for decarbonising shipping using ammonia as a fuel, covering general properties of ammonia, the current production technologies with an emphasis on green synthesis methods, onboard storage and ways to generate power from it.
Identification of challenges and success factors in industrialised house building design
Authors: Thajudeen Shamnath , Lennartsson Martin , Elgh Fredrik
Published: November 2020

The transformation from a traditional to an industrialised house building system requires a strong focus on the design phase, as several factors must be considered and the decisions taken impact both productivity and the value created for customers. The main purpose of this study is to explore the existing challenges and outline the critical success factors to be considered in the design phase of industrialised house building. A multiple-case study was conducted by linking five Swedish timber-based house building companies using different building systems. Empirical data were gathered from 27 semi-structured interviews. The findings contribute to an increased understanding of the existing challenges and knowledge on the critical success factors in the design phase by classifying them into internal and external factors. Moreover, the building system is considered a bridge linking both, and these factors can be used as a decision making support tool for the evaluation and validation of the design solution. Therefore, individual support for the prioritised factors is critical for achieving an efficient design process. The results show that fixed production, not the building system, is crucial for identifying success factors. Finally, manufacturability and assembly factors were identified as prioritised and generally important factors in industrialised building.
Modelling horizontally loaded reinforced-concrete piles in a geotechnical centrifuge
Authors: Louw Hendrik , Kearsley Elsabe , Jacobsz Schalk Willem
Published: November 2020

The design of pile foundations to accommodate horizontal loads is a complex soil−structure interaction problem. Current small-scale laboratory testing of pile foundations is mostly focused on metal piles, which raises the question of the validity of results from these tests, and the principles derived, for the use of analysing and designing reinforced-concrete piles, where not only the soil, but also the piles exhibit highly non-linear material behaviour. This paper describes centrifuge tests that were conducted on scaled aluminium and reinforced-concrete single piles, subjected to lateral loading, with the aim of establishing the suitability of using aluminium alloys for modelling scaled reinforced-concrete piles. With responses similar to literature, both pile types proved to model the behaviour of laterally loaded piles well as far as bending and deflection at low loads are concerned. At larger loads, the reinforced-concrete pile cracked, resulting in non-linear material response, which contributed significantly to the difference in the behaviour between the piles studied. It was observed that the behaviour of reinforced-concrete piles under serviceability loads would not be captured using materials that cannot replicate the reduction in stiffness resulting from crack formation in concrete.
Consequences for Non-Payment of PAYE and VAT Compared
Authors: Moosa Fareed
Published: November 2020

This article shows that, whereas a bilateral legal relationship exists between the South African Revenue Service (SARS) and a vendor in relation to value-added tax (VAT), a tri-partite legal relationship exists among the SARS, employees and employers in relation to Pay As You Earn (PAYE). This article shows further that employers are, as withholding agents of PAYE, in the same legal position as vendors as regards VAT, namely, they are not in a trust or agency relationship with the SARS. Rather, this article argues that PAYE is in the nature of trust funds held by employers on behalf of employees from whose remuneration it is deducted. Since the employees retain ownership of the PAYE deducted, this article argues that employees have locus standi to lay a charge of theft against employers who misappropriate PAYE. Such a charge of theft is not grounded in tax administration. This article shows further that, as the law presently stands, a charge of theft falls outside the ambit of the remedies available to the SARS against employers and vendors who default in remitting PAYE or VAT. The Tax Administration Act, 2011 read with the Income Tax Act, 1962 and Value-Added Tax Act, 1991 codified only a limited range of criminal sanctions and administrative penalties that may be imposed against a defaulting employer or vendor. If theft is to be included, then a legislative amendment is required.
Thinking-of-the-Animal-Other with Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: De Villiers Jan-Harm
Published: November 2020

This article situates the texts in which Emmanuel Levinas directly addresses questions of animality against the backdrop of his larger oeuvre and argues that, despite an explicit attempt to arrange a privileged ethical (dis)position for humans, Levinas' ethical logic opens onto a deeper conception of ethics without boundaries or a priori content. Juxtaposing Levinas' ethical subjectivity with the relational structure underlying the prominent models of animal rights, it proceeds to examine the implications of Levinas' ethics for a theory of animal rights. The article concludes that Levinas' theory is not logically consistent with a thematisation of the ethical claims of animals in the language of rights and that it is best utilised as a framework within which to deconstruct the inherent anthropocentric character of current models of animal rights.
ICDAS and dmft/DMFT. Sensitivity and specificity, the importance of the index used: a systematic review
Authors: Guiñez Coelho Marcial Andrés
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: Untreated dental caries is the most prevalent chronic disease in adults and untreated caries in deciduous teeth is the tenth most frequent chronic disease. Most of the studies do not present a representative population and there are no comparative studies between Decay - Missing - Filled in permanent teeth (dmft/DMFT) and International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). We will seek to evaluate if there are differences in sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of caries using the ICDAS and dmft/DMFT index. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the investigation is to evaluate if there are differences in the sensitivity and specificity in the detection of caries using the ICDAS and dmft/DMFT indexes. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A qualitative systematic review was performed, searching the dmft/DMFT caries index and ICDAS in the Medline, ClinicalKey and SciELO databases, finding 3,581 of which 21 were read in full and 14 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity are higher with ICDAS than with the dmft/DMFT index and provides up to 43% more information when detecting noncavitated lesions, but requires more time and resources due to the use of light, compressed air and pre-examination prophylaxis. Previous training, knowledge and experience in ICDAS are fundamental for the best result, studies showed that the more experience the sensitivity and specificity increased, unlike the dmft/DMFT index, although ICDAS was easy to understand by inexperienced professionals. CONCLUSION: More comparative studies between both indexes should be carried out and include ICDAS in children due to their ability to detect non-cavitated lesions which are the most prevalent in temporary teeth.
Recent updates in the therapeutic management of patients with co-infection of COVID-19 with other seasonal epidemics prone disease
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, ABV Government Medical College (GMC), Associated Hospital, Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh, India, Gedam D. Sharad , Verma Mrs. Mamta ,   Associate Professor, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: November 2020

COVID 19 Pandemic is most significant disease in last 100 years. It is now becoming challenging tocontrol the Pandemic in different part of world. Some countries are facing 2nd & 3rd wave of severedisease with no evidences of herd immunity in most of European and North American countries. Itbecome more challenging to treat the already co-existing morbidities, seasonal diseases along withCOVID 19.
Association between Serum Magnesium level and outcome in birth asphyxia
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Gandhi Dr. Karm chand , Singh Dr. Abhishek Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Mehta Dr. Anita ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Sharma Dr. Bhoopendra ,   Professor, Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tiwari Dr. Harish Chandra ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, BRD Medical College Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Magnesium (Mg) has been found to block the NMDA ion channel under restingconditions, occupying a binding site within the ion channel. The block is voltage-dependent and isovercome during axonal depolarization that occurs with hypoxia-ischemia. The systemicadministration of magnesium after a stimulated hypoxic ischemia insult has been shown to limitneuronal injury in several animal models. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study conductedat the Nehru Hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur (UP) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ofthe pediatric department. Result: The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 2.5%. Hypomagnesemiawas more on day 1 and day 3. Severe birth asphyxia had more prevalence of Hypomagnesaemia. Onday one 4 out of 71 patients had hypomagnesemia. On day 2 no patient had hypomagnesemia,while on day three 4 patients had hypomagnesemia out of 75. A significant difference was found inhypomagnesemia on day 1 and day 2 as well as day 2 and day 3. No patient had an antenatal high-risk factor in mother who had hypomagnesemia; there was no significant association between high-risk factors and hypomagnesemia. Conclusion: There should be more studies regardinghypomagnesemia in birth asphyxia and the association of hypomagnesemia with other parameters.
Nordic Administrative Collaboration: Scope, Predictors and Effects on Policy Design and Administrative Reform Measures
Authors: Lægreid Per , Rykkja Lise H.
Published: November 2020

This article examines whether Nordic administrative collaboration is still ‘alive and kicking,’ or whether it has been marginalized by increased integration into Europe and strong international reform trajectories. We analyse the scope and intensity of Nordic administrative collaboration from a structural perspective based on the perceptions of civil servants in the Norwegian central government. We also address the implications of Nordic collaboration for policy design and reform measures. The main conclusion is that Nordic administrative collaboration can best be described as differentiated integration. The scope of Nordic administrative collaboration is rather broad, and its internal structural features vary significantly. Nordic collaboration is perceived to have more of an effect on policy design than on specific administrative reform means and measures. However, structural features also matter.
Circular Antenna Array Synthesis Using Salp Swarm Optimization
Authors: DURMUŞ Ali
Published: November 2020

Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) is used to design an optimal non uniform circular antenna arrays. Salp Swarm Algorithm which mimics the swarming behavior of salps in oceans is a nature-inspired optimization method. As it is simple and easy to apply, it has been applied to many different problems in the literature. SSA method optimally determined the positions and amplitudes of the circular antenna array elements to obtain radiation patterns with a low maximum sidelobe level (MSL) and narrow half power beam width (HPBW). Different sizes of antennas with 8, 10 and 12 elements are discussed to demonstrate the capability of the SSA algorithm. The results of MSL and HPBW obtained by SSA for the synthesis of circular antenna arrays are better than other compared optimization methods.
İLKOKUL 1. SINIF MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Gezgin İbrahim , Bal Ayten Pınar
Published: November 2020

Bu araştırma, ilkokul birinci sınıf matematik dersi öğretim programının uygulanma sürecine ilişkin öğretmen, okul yöneticisi, veli ve öğrenci görüşlerini derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim desenine göre tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Adana ili merkez ilçelerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemi ile belirlenen sınıf öğretmeni, okul yöneticisi, öğrenci velisi ve birinci sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları aracılığı ile veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmen, okul yöneticileri, veliler ve öğrencilerin matematik öğretim programının uygulanma sürecinde etkinliklerden, fiziki koşullardan ve araç gereçlerin yetersizliğinden dolayı zaman zaman sorun yaşadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu kapsamda programın etkililiğini artırmak için ders kitaplarındaki etkinliklerin tekrar gözden geçirilmesi, okullardaki fiziki ve alt yapı imkanlarının değişen ve gelişen eğitim anlayışına göre tekrar düzenlenmesi gerektiği önerilmiştir.
KÜRESEL VE BÖLGESEL KRİZLER BAĞLAMINDA RUSYA VE ABD’NİN SİLAH SATIŞ REKABETİNİN EKONOMİ POLİTİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Çelik Ahmet Hüsrev , Çaylı Şahin
Published: November 2020

Silah ticareti, ekonomik ve politik boyutlarının hacmi ve bu boyutlarının birbirleri ile kesişimi nedeniyle devletlerarası ekonomi-politik ilişkileri etkileyen, yönlendiren güçlü bir zemin olma hususiyetine sahiptir. Bu hususiyetiyle uluslararası yapının başat devletleri arasında önemli bir mücadele ve rekabete de konu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Soğuk Savaş döneminin sona erme süreci, SSCB ve Yugoslavya’nın dağılması, yeni bağımsız devletlerin ortaya çıkması, Birinci Körfez Savaşı, Gürcistan-Rusya Savaşı, Rusya’nın Kırım’ı işgali, 11 Eylül saldırıları, Arap Baharı gibi bölgesel ve küresel ölçekte etkileri büyük olan kriz ve çatışmalar ele alınmıştır. Bu ele alınan kriz ve çatışmaların uluslararası yapının başat iki aktörü ABD ve Rusya’nın silah satışlarına rakamsal ve oransal olarak nasıl yansıdığı incelenmiştir. Rakamsal bu veriler, silah alan ülkeler açısından aynı zamanda ABD ve Rusya arasında politik tercihin de bir göstergesi olmaktadır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlarda; çalışma kapsamında odağa alınan kriz ve çatışmaların ticarete ilişkin rakamsal ve oransal verilerde değişime neden olduğu, bunun yanı sıra ülkelerin ABD ve Rusya’dan yana politik mahiyet de içeren tercihlerini de etkilediği görülmektedir.
Assessment of Bayesian Ternary Gaze Classification Algorithm (I-BDT)
Authors: Zherdev I.Y.
Published: November 2020

I-BDT eyetracking data ternary classification (fixations, saccades, smooth pursuit) algorithm is investigated. Comparison with well-known Identification / Dispersion Threshold (I-DT) algorithm is held (accuracy, precision, recall, F1 measure). A novel approach for additionally filtering the algorithm output by distance/amplitude, area of convex hull is described.
More Fault Connectivity Is Needed in Seismic Hazard Analysis
Authors: Page Morgan T.
Published: November 2020

Did the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) go overboard with multifault ruptures? Schwartz (2018) argues that there are too many long ruptures in the model. Here, I address his concern and show that the UCERF3 rupture-length distribution matches empirical data. I also present evidence that, if anything, the UCERF3 model could be improved by adding more connectivity to the fault system. Adding more connectivity would improve model misfits with data, particularly with paleoseismic data on the southern San Andreas fault; make the model less characteristic on the faults; potentially improve aftershock forecasts; and reduce model sensitivity to inadequacies and unknowns in the modeled fault system.