bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial Perspective: Are treatments for childhood mental disorders helpful in the long run? An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Roest Annelieke M. , de Vries Ymkje Anna , Wienen Albert W. , de Jonge Peter
Published: August 2022

Mental disorders may have severe consequences for individuals across their entire lifespan, especially when they start in childhood. Effective treatments (both psychosocial and pharmacological) exist for the short‐term treatment of common mental disorders in young people. These could, at least theoretically, prevent future problems, including recurrence of the disorder, development of comorbidity, or problems in functioning. However, little is known about the actual effects of these treatments in the long run. In the current editorial perspective, we consider the available evidence for the long‐term (i.e., ≥2 years) effectiveness and safety of treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, behavior disorders, and anxiety and depressive disorders for children between 6 and 12 years old. After providing an overview of the literature, we reflect on two key issues, namely, methodological difficulties in establishing long‐term treatment effects, and the risk–benefit ratio of treatments for common childhood mental disorders. In addition, we discuss future research possibilities, clinical implications, and other approaches, specifically whole‐of‐society‐actions that could potentially reduce the burden of common childhood mental disorders.
Sterols of Amphidinium species in the Operculatum Clade: Predominance of cholesterol instead of Δ8(14) sterols previously considered Amphidinium‐specific biomarkers
Authors: Leblond Jeffrey D. , Elkins Lindsey C. , Sabir Kyra
Published: August 2022

The dinoflagellates Amphidinium carterae and Amphidinium corpulentum have been previously characterized as having Δ8(14)‐nuclear unsaturated 4α‐methyl‐5α‐cholest‐8(14)‐en‐3β‐ol (C28:1) and 4α‐methyl‐5α‐ergosta‐8(14),24(28)‐dien‐3β‐ol (amphisterol; C29:2) as predominant sterols, where they comprise approximately 80% of the total sterol composition. These two sterols have hence been considered as possible major sterol biomarkers for the genus. Here, we have examined the sterols of four recently identified species of Amphidinium (Amphidinium fijiense, Amphidinium magnum, Amphidinium theodori, and Amphidinium tomasii) that are closely related to Amphidinium operculatum as part of what is termed the Operculatum Clade to show that each species has its sterol composition dominated by the common dinoflagellate sterol cholesterol (cholest‐5‐en‐3β‐ol; C27:1), which is found in many other dinoflagellate genera, rather than Δ8(14) sterols. While the Δ8(14) sterols 4α‐methyl‐5α‐cholest‐8(14)‐en‐3β‐ol and 4α,23,24‐trimethyl‐5α‐cholest‐8(14),22E‐dien‐3β‐ol (C30:2) were present as minor sterols along with another common dinoflagellate sterol, 4α,23,24‐trimethyl‐5α‐cholest‐22E‐en‐3β‐ol (dinosterol; C30:1), in some of these four species, amphisterol was not conclusively observed. From a chemotaxonomic perspective, while this does reinforce the genus Amphidinium's ability to produce Δ8(14) sterols, albeit here as minor sterols, these results demonstrate that caution should be used when considering Δ8(14) sterols, especially amphisterol, as Amphidinium‐specific biomarkers within these species where cholesterol is the predominant sterol.
ERIC-PCR-based molecular typing of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from houseflies (Musca domestica) in the environment of milk and meat shops
Authors: Chandrakar C. , Shakya S. , Patyal A. , Jain A. , Ali S.L. , Mishra O.P.
Published: August 2022

The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance have become a major global public health concern. A component of this problem is the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Flies move freely between habitats of food-producing animals and human beings and thus have great potential for dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from a contaminated environment to milk and meat markets, posing potential hazards for consumers. During the present study, a total of 150 houseflies were captured from milk and meat shops located in Durg and Raipur city of Chhattisgarh, India. The Escherichia coli were isolated from houseflies and characterized on the basis of cultural and molecular tests. Further, the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against frequently used antibiotics using the disk diffusion method. The antibiotic resistance genes and int1 gene were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 45 E. coli isolates were obtained from the fly samples with an overall prevalence rate of 30·0%. Antibiogram results confirmed that E. coli isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Out of the (45) isolates of E. coli, 17 (37·8%) isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producer and multi-drug-resistant (MDR). Out of the ESBL and MDR E. coli isolates, blaCTX-M (24·4%), blaTEM (11·1%), tetA (28·8%), tetB (26·7%), gyrA (26·7%), parC (31. 1%) and int1 genes (15·5%) were detected but none of the isolates were found positive for blaSHV gene. Findings of the present study confirm that MDR E. coli are widely distributed in houseflies and play an important role in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from contaminated environments to milk and meat shop environment.
Identification of the ejecta deposit formed by the Australasian Tektite Event at Huai Om, northeastern Thailand
Authors: Tada Toshihiro , Tada Ryuji , Carling Paul A. , Songtham Wickanet , Chansom Praphas , Kogure Toshihiro , Chang Yu , Tajika Eiichi
Published: August 2022

The Australasian Tektite Event, approximately 0.8 Ma, is the youngest record of a large impact event on Earth. Although it is estimated that it occurred somewhere in Indochina based on the distribution of tektites, the crater has never been located. Here, we report the discovery and occurrence of shocked quartz with planar deformation features (PDFs) in the Quaternary depositional sequence at Huai Om in northeastern Thailand. Measurements of the orientation of lamellae using a universal stage microscope as well as observation using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to confirm the presence of PDFs. Together with the occurrence of in situ layered tektite fragments, we identify the depositional sequence as the ejecta deposit formed by the Australasian Tektite Event. We further describe the detailed lithostratigraphy of the ejecta deposit, which will allow the tracing of its distribution and lateral changes in its thickness, grain size, and grain composition. Further investigation of the lateral distribution of the ejecta deposit would provide information about the location, magnitude, and target rocks of the Australasian Tektite Event.
How we talk about smells
Authors: Martina Giulia
Published: August 2022

Smells are often said to be ineffable, and linguistic research shows that languages like English lack a dedicated olfactory lexicon. Starting from this evidence, I propose an account of how we talk about smells in English. Our reports about the way things smell are comparative: When we say that something smells burnt or like roses, we characterise the thing's smell by noting its similarity to the characteristic smells of certain odorous things (burnt things, roses). The account explains both the strengths and limitations of our smell discourse, and has implications for philosophical discussions of the relation between language and appearances.
Taxonomic studies of Araceae in Myanmar V: a new Alocasia species from Myanmar and Thailand
Authors: Hein Khant Zaw , Naive Mark Arcebal K. , Serebryanyi Michael M.
Published: August 2022

A species new to science, Alocasia epilithica Serebryanyi, K.Z.Hein & Naive discovered in Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar, is herein described and illustrated. This new species was also found to occur in the provinces of Nakhon Si Thammarat and Surat Thani of Peninsular Thailand. Detailed description, color plates, discussion of similar taxa, phenology, distribution map and a preliminary conservation status assessment are provided.
Compare the performance of multiple machine learning models in predicting tacrolimus concentration for infant patients with living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Song XueWu , Liu FangHao , Gao HuiEr , Yan MeiLing , Zhang FeiYu , Zhao Jia , Qin YinPeng , Li Yue , Zhang Yi
Published: August 2022

Background

This study aims to establish multiple ML models and compare their performance in predicting tacrolimus concentration for infant patients who received LDLT within 3 months after transplantation.

Methods

Retrospectively collected basic information and relevant biochemical indicators of included infant patients. CMIA was used to determine tacrolimus C0. PCR was used to determine the donors' and recipients' CYP3A5 genotypes. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis and stepwise elimination covariates were used for covariates selection. Thirteen machine learning algorithms were applied for the development of prediction models. APE, the ratio of the APE ≤3 ng ml−1 and ideal rate (the proportion of the predicted value with a relative error of 30% or less) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

Results

A total of 163 infant patients were included in this study. In the case of the optimal combination of covariates, the Ridge model had the lowest APE, 2.01 (0.85, 3.35 ng ml−1). The highest ratio of the APE ≤3 ng ml−1 was the LAR model (71.77%). And the Ridge model showed the highest ideal rate (55.05%). For the Ridge model, GRWR was the most important predictor.

Conclusions

Compared with other ML models, the Ridge model had good predictive performance and potential clinical application.
Micro‐morpho‐anatomical transitions at various stages of in vitro development of Crinum malabaricum Lekhak and Yadav: A critically endangered medicinal plant
Authors: Mani M. , Mathiyazhagan C. , Dey A. , Faisal M. , Alatar A. A. , Alok A. , Shekhawat M. S.
Published: August 2022

Crinum malabaricum Lekhak & Yadav is a recently discovered and critically endangered aquatic bulbous plant of the family Amaryllidaceae. It gained attention as a wild source of the acetylcholinesterase inhibiting alkaloid ‘galanthamine’ used to treat Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. The bulbs of this plant contain the highest amount of galanthamine among Crinum species.

In vitro regeneration systems were developed to produce quality uniform plantlets of C. malabaricum. Bright field light microscopy was used to analyse micro‐morpho‐anatomical developments taking place in the leaves and roots during in vitro, ex vitro and in vivo transitions of plantlets.

Leaves and roots of plants raised in vitro possessed a higher degree of microscopic structural anomalies, such as underdeveloped epicuticular wax deposition, immature and non‐functional stomata, more aquiferous parenchyma with a reduced lumen. Roots developed in vitro were characterized by extremely large, uneven cortical cells and reduced intercellular spaces. The vascular tissues were under‐developed and only primary vascular tissues were observed. As a result of ex vitro acclimation, there was a significant acceleration in the improvement of tissue systems in leaves and roots. Such plantlets can tolerate elevated temperatures and light under in vivo conditions.

Thus, the microscopic evaluation of the structural trajectory in different stages of plantlet development provides an understanding of the acclimation process and structural adaptations, which could help enhance survival of in vitro raised plantlets under ex vitro and in vivo conditions.
Toward the understanding of the constituents of organizational culture: The embedded topic modeling analysis of publicly available employee‐generated reviews of two major U.S.‐based retailers
Authors: Gupta Manjul , Gupta Amulya , Cousins Karlene
Published: August 2022

Organizational culture is considered an important factor affecting several operations‐oriented functions in an organization. However, the research surrounding organizational culture and what constitutes organizational culture remains understudied in the operations management (OM) discipline. This study utilizes 24,965 employee‐generated (EG) text reviews of two major U.S.‐based retailers and applies an advanced embedded topic modeling technique to identify prevalent cultural elements that retail operational workers in these organizations deemed most important. Overall, the analysis yielded 19 distinct cultural elements across the two retailers with unique elements belonging to each organization. The study provides a novel way to study organizational culture in the OM discipline and describes the workings of different text analytics methods in detail. In addition to making a methodological contribution to the field, this study provides actionable insights to practitioners and lists several avenues of future research for OM scholars interested in utilizing text analytics to study organizational culture and other operations‐oriented research problems using text data.
External drivers of participation in regional collaborative water planning
Authors: Bell Emily V. , Fencl Amanda , Mullin Megan
Published: August 2022

What drives participation in collaborative planning? How does this vary across different institutional contexts? Public managers must navigate emerging challenges in public service provision; perceived risk and capacity to act can play a pivotal role, shaping managerial behavior. In water management, for example, issues stemming from climate change and water‐intensive growth create new concerns about continued water supply. Strategic decisions may improve local public service provision, but can also have cascading effects on other systems, as water is a mobile—and subtractable—resource. Many public water systems have participated in collaborative planning to overcome collective challenges for this reason, but participation is not feasible for all prospective participants. Using data from administrative records and surveys, we fit a binomial logistic model to examine the roles of capacity and perceived risk among water service providers as drivers of participation in collaborative planning forums. By evaluating this relationship in California and North Carolina, we find similar results across unique institutional contexts: participation in regional water planning is associated with perceived risk to water supply from changing climatic conditions, but not from perceived risk of changing patterns of demand. Also, system capacity—as measured by the size of the population served—corresponds to increased likelihood of participation.
Moore′s paradox generalized
Authors: de Almeida Claudio
Published: August 2022

Moore′s paradox came of age when John N. Williams gave us a simple paradoxical argument according to which the Moorean believer must hold false belief while believing contingent propositions. Simplicity was key; it was groundbreaking for the topic. On Williams′s account, given only the notions of inconsistency and self‐refutation, the thesis that belief distributes over conjunction, and a tiny bit of classical logic, we can derive a paradox from the Moorean propositional schemata. But, as argued here, it′s easy to overestimate the significance of his argument to a proper understanding of the problem. His fundamental claim can be established in a way that shows how the paradox arises for any propositional attitude that distributes over conjunction, which gives us the opportunity to reconsider the problem we have been calling “Moore′s paradox”, and to conclude that all of the available analyses of the problem are, at best, incomplete. On this new approach, we lose a little formal simplicity vis‐à‐vis Williams′s approach, but make conceptual economy, as we gain a farther‐reaching problem than the one we have known.
Energy-Optimal Impedance Control of Cooperative Robot Manipulators
Authors: Ghorbanpour Amin , Richter Hanz
Published: August 2022

An impedance-based control scheme is introduced for cooperative manipulators grasping a rigid object. The position and orientation of the payload are to be maintained close to the desired trajectory, trading off tracking accuracy by low energy consumption and maintaining stability. To this end, the augmented dynamics of the robots, their actuators, and the payload are formed, and an impedance control is adopted. A virtual control strategy is used to decouple torque control from actuator control. An optimization problem is then formulated using energy balance equations. The optimization finds the damping and stiffness gains of the impedance relation such that the energy consumption is minimized. Furthermore, L2 stability techniques are used to guarantee the stability of the controller. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the results.
Machine-Learning Clustering Methods Applied to Detection of Noise Sources in Low-Speed Axial Fan
Authors: Tieghi Lorenzo , Becker Stefan , Corsini Alessandro , Delibra Giovanni , Schoder Stefan , Czwielong Felix
Published: August 2022

The integration of rotating machineries in human-populated environments requires to limit noise emissions, with multiple aspects impacting on control of amplitude and frequency of the acoustic signature. This is a key issue to address and when combined with compliance of minimum efficiency grades, further complicates the design of axial fans. The aim of this research is to assess the capability of unsupervised learning techniques in unveiling the mechanisms that concur to the sound generation process in axial fans starting from high-fidelity simulations. To this aim, a numerical dataset was generated by means of large Eddy simulation (LES) simulation of a low-speed axial fan. The dataset is enriched with sound source computed solving a-posteriori the perturbed convective wave equation (PCWE). First, the instantaneous flow features are associated with the sound sources through correlation matrices and then projected on latent basis to highlight the features with the highest importance. This analysis in also carried out on a reduced dataset, derived by considering two surfaces at 50% and 95% of the blade span. The sampled features on the surfaces are then exploited to train three cluster algorithms based on partitional, density and Gaussian criteria. The cluster algorithms are optimized and their results are compared, with the Gaussian Mixture one demonstrating the highest similarity (>80%). The derived clusters are analyzed, and the role of statistical distribution of velocity and pressure gradients is underlined. This suggests that design choices that affect these aspects may be beneficial to control the generation of noise sources.
Using a Service Ontology to Understand What Influences Older Adults’ Outdoor Physical Activities in Nanjing
Authors: Li Yashi , Liu Lu , Diao Yiran , Dong Hua
Published: August 2022

Older adults are not actively participating in outdoor physical activities. An understanding of what factors influence older adults’ outdoor physical activities is important for informing interventions. This study aims to examine the potential effect of service ontology on the intention of outdoor physical activities in older adults. Face-to-face surveys were conducted with 421 older adults from eight districts in Nanjing, China. One-way analysis of variance and ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that seven of the 20 factors have a positive effect on intention of outdoor physical activities, including gender, health self-assessment, family structure, accessibility, exercise instructors, emergency service, and staff in outdoor space. To further improve the intention of outdoor physical activities, governments and service designers should focus on providing age-friendly community infrastructures. Moreover, specific attention should be paid toward older females and people with low-income/poor health conditions, and strategies should also be adopted to significantly improve the quantity and instruction efficiency of exercise instructors.
Philippe Tissié’s Psychopedagogical Conceptions of Physical Education: Franco-Swedish Hybridity (1886–1935)
Authors: Lebecq Pierre-Alban , Moralès Yves , Saint-Martin Jean , Travaillot Yves , Bazoge Natalia
Published: August 2022

Swedish gymnastics has been reduced to a directory of progressive analytical movements intended to form the basis of what is known in French physical education as a global gymnastics. This article explains how Philippe Tissié was inspired by Swedish gymnastics in his development of a hybrid vision between the Swedish method of physical education and the French model that was largely derived from the works of Jean Saint-Martin Amoros and Philippe Sarremejane. The paper demonstrates how Tissié’s French gymnastics was not only limited to analytical movements but also included the practice of sports. At the same time, it explains how the creation of this hybrid model meshed scientific findings from life sciences (biology and physiology) with human and social sciences (psychology and sociology). Between 1886 and 1935, Tissié’s appropriation, thus, enabled him to structure his conceptions of physical education and to move from the Swedish to the Franco-Swedish method.
The drug efflux pump MDR1 promotes intrinsic and acquired resistance to PROTACs in cancer cells
Authors: Kurimchak Alison M. , Herrera-Montávez Carlos , Montserrat-Sangrà Sara , Araiza-Olivera Daniela , Hu Jianping , Neumann-Domer Ryan , Kuruvilla Mathew , Bellacosa Alfonso , Testa Joseph R. , Jin Jian , Duncan James S.
Published: August 2022

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a promising new class of drugs that selectively degrade cellular proteins of interest. PROTACs that target oncogene products are avidly being explored for cancer therapies, and several are currently in clinical trials. Drug resistance is a substantial challenge in clinical oncology, and resistance to PROTACs has been reported in several cancer cell models. Here, using proteomic analysis, we found intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms to PROTACs in cancer cell lines mediated by greater abundance or production of the drug efflux pump MDR1. PROTAC-resistant cells were resensitized to PROTACs by genetic ablation of
ABCB1
(which encodes MDR1) or by coadministration of MDR1 inhibitors. In MDR1-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells, degraders targeting either the kinases MEK1/2 or the oncogenic mutant GTPase KRAS
G12C
synergized with the dual epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB)/MDR1 inhibitor lapatinib. Moreover, compared with single-agent therapies, combining MEK1/2 degraders with lapatinib improved growth inhibition of MDR1-overexpressing KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer xenografts in mice. Together, our findings suggest that concurrent blockade of MDR1 will likely be required with PROTACs to achieve durable protein degradation and therapeutic response in cancer.
Withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids from patients with COPD with mild or moderate airflow limitation in primary care: a feasibility randomised trial
Authors: Harries Timothy H , Gilworth Gill , Corrigan Christopher J , Murphy Patrick , Hart Nicholas , Thomas Mike , White Patrick T
Published: August 2022

Background

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are frequently prescribed outside guidelines to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with mild/moderate airflow limitation and low exacerbation risk. This primary care trial explored the feasibility of identifying patients with mild/moderate COPD taking ICS, and the acceptability of ICS withdrawal.

Methods

Open feasibility trial. Outcome measures included prevalence of suitable participants, feasibility of their identification, their willingness-to-accept open randomisation to ICS withdrawal or continuation over 6 months follow-up.

Results

392 (13%) of 2967 patients with COPD from 20 practices (209 618 population) identified as eligible for ICS withdrawal by electronic search algorithm. After individual patient record review, 243 (62%) were excluded because of: severe airflow limitation (65, 17%); one or more severe or two or more moderate COPD exacerbations in the previous year (86, 22%); asthma (15, 4%); and severe comorbidities (77, 20%). After exclusion, 149 patients with COPD were invited to participate and 61 agreed to randomisation. At clinical assessment, 10 patients exhibited undocumented airflow reversibility (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) reversibility >12% and >200 mL); 2 had suffered two or more undocumented, moderate exacerbations in the previous year; 7 had severe airflow limitation; and 2 had normal spirometry. Finally, 40 were randomised. One patient died and one was lost to follow-up. 18 (45%) of the 38 (10 withdrawal and 8 usual care) exhibited previously undocumented FEV1variability suggestive of asthma, supported in the withdrawal group by significant associations with elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (p=0.04), elevated symptom score (p=0.04), poorer quality of life (p=0.04) and atopic status (p=0.01).

Conclusions

Identifying primary care patients with mild/moderate COPD suitable for ICS withdrawal is feasible but requires real-time verification because of unreliable recording of exacerbations and lung function. Suitable patients accepted randomisation to ICS withdrawal or continuation for the purposes of future studies. Follow-up compliance was high. Nearly 50% of participants with a diagnosis of mild/moderate COPD demonstrated previously undocumented FEV1variability during follow-up, mandating monitoring for at least 6 months following withdrawal to exclude undiagnosed asthma.
The spectrum of Hawking radiation in Tsallis statistical mechanics
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: August 2022

Hawking radiation is one of the cores in modern gravitational theory. Several articles have calculated the spectrum of Hawking radiation in Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical mechanics. However, based on recent researches, gravitational systems cannot be studied by the standard statistical mechanics. In this article, we calculate the modification to the spectrum of Hawking radiation in Tsallis statistical mechanics. We obtain the modified Stefan–Boltzmann’s law and modified power of Hawking radiation. We confirm the conclusion proposed by Giddings, namely, the radiation should originate from the effective radius, which extends well outside the horizon of black-hole. The lifetime of black hole and the effect of large q are discussed as well.
Ring theoretic properties of partial skew groupoid rings with applications to Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Bagio Dirceu , Marín Víctor , Pinedo Héctor
Published: August 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a group-type partial action of a connected groupoid [Formula: see text] on a ring [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be the corresponding partial skew groupoid ring. In the first part of this paper, we investigate the relation of several ring theoretic properties between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. For the second part, using that every Leavitt path algebra is isomorphic to a partial skew groupoid ring obtained from a partial groupoid action [Formula: see text], we characterize when [Formula: see text] is group-type. In such a case, we obtain ring theoretic properties of Leavitt path algebras from the results on general partial skew groupoid rings. Several examples that illustrate the results on Leavitt path algebras are presented.
A new subsurface record of the Pliensbachian–Toarcian, Lower Jurassic, of Yorkshire
Authors: Trabucho-Alexandre João P. , Gröcke Darren R. , Atar Elizabeth , Herringshaw Liam , Jarvis Ian
Published: August 2022

Here, we describe the upper Pliensbachian to middle Toarcian stratigraphy of the Dove's Nest borehole, which was drilled near Whitby, North Yorkshire, in 2013. The core represents a single, continuous vertical section through unweathered, immature Lower Jurassic sedimentary rocks. The thickness of the Lias Group formations in the Dove's Nest core is approximately the same as that exposed along the North Yorkshire coast between Hawsker Bottoms and Whitby. The studied succession consists of epeiric-neritic sediments and comprises cross-laminated very fine sandstones, (oolitic) ironstones, and argillaceous mudstones. Dark argillaceous mudstone is the dominant lithology. These sediments were deposited in the Cleveland Basin, a more subsident area of an epeiric sea, the Laurasian Sea.

We present a set of geochemical data that includes organic carbon isotope ratios (

δ

13
C
org
) and total organic carbon (TOC). The

δ

13
C
org
record contains a negative excursion across the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary and another in the lower Toarcian that corresponds to the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). Below the T-OAE negative excursion,

δ

13
C
org
values are less
13
C-depleted than above it. We find no evidence of a long-term

δ

13
C
org
positive excursion. TOC values below the T-OAE negative excursion are lower than above it.

Sedimentary evidence suggests that, during much of the Pliensbachian–Toarcian interval, the seafloor of the Cleveland Basin was above storm wave-base and that storm-driven bottom currents were responsible for much sediment erosion, transport, and redeposition during the interval of oceanic anoxia. The abrupt shifts observed in the

δ

13
C
org
record (lower Toarcian) are likely to reflect the impact of erosion by storms on the morphology of the

δ

13
C record of the T-OAE.

Supplementary material:
stratigraphic and geochemical data [organic carbon isotope ratios (

δ

13
C
org
) and total organic carbon (TOC)] are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6154436
Boundary/border
Authors: de O. Martins Luiza Prado
Published: August 2022

This forum is dedicated to exploring the notion of meaningfulness in design processes, taking the perspectives of community groups, nongovernmental organizations, and those who are marginalized in society as starting points. Authors will reflect conceptually and methodologically on practical engagements.
--- Rosanna Bellini and Angelika Strohmayer, Editors
Practical routes in the UX of AI, or sharing more beaten paths
Authors: Cramer Henriette
Published: August 2022

This forum provides a space to engage with the challenges of designing for intelligent algorithmic experiences. We invite articles that tackle the tensions between research and practice when integrating AI and UX design. We welcome interdisciplinary debate, artful critique, forward-looking research, case studies of AI in practice, and speculative design explorations.
--- Juho Kim and Henriette Cramer, Editors
University Educational Administration Management Platform Integrating Distributed Real-time Cloud Computing System
Authors: Miao Yiner
Published: August 2022

The prosperity of the economy has made the society develop rapidly, and the traditional education management system can no longer meet the needs of the modern society. Under the background of college enrollment expansion, it has brought new challenges to school management and development. In recent years, the evolution and widespread adoption of virtualization, service-oriented architecture, autonomous, and utility computing have converged to give birth to a new paradigm: cloud computing. Cloud computing allows on-demand delivery of software, hardware, and data as a service. Cloud computing has the characteristics of massive processing and storage capacity, high efficiency, virtualization, and low cost. It has changed the traditional way of accessing software and hardware, providing users with convenient services and computing resources, which has achieved remarkable results in the related fields. Meanwhile, cloud computing plays an important role in education and teaching through its wide application in various fields. Based on this, this paper aims to study the application of distributed real-time cloud computing system in educational administration management in colleges and universities. This paper establishes a university educational administration management platform based on the cloud service computing system, and applies the management technology and distributed storage technology of the cloud computing platform. The system constructed in this paper significantly improves the utilization of CPU and memory. The research results of this paper showed that the response speed of the educational administration management system built through cloud computing has been significantly improved, with an average response time of 1.3s and an error of less than 0.4.
The Expression of miR-205 in Prostate Carcinoma and the Relationship with Prognosis in Patients
Authors: Guo Zhuifeng , Lu Xuwei , Yang Fan , Qin Liang , Yang Ning , Cai Peiran , Han Conghui , Wu Jiawen , Wang Hang
Published: August 2022

Purpose. We aimed to investigate the changes of serum and cell exosome miR-205 levels in patients with prostate carcinoma and its clinical significance. Materials and Methods. Firstly, pronouncement of miR-205 in normal and prostate carcinoma tissues was analyzed by using UALCAN database. The relationship between miR-205 in tumor tissues and the pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with prostate carcinoma were analyzed. Consequently, 60 people with prostate carcinoma were collected to the Minhang Hospital from August 2016 to August 2021. Serum of patients in the two groups was collected, and RNA in serum exosomes was extracted, and qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of miR-205 mediated by serum exosomes. Meanwhile, the relationship among the clinical as well as pathological aspects and bodement of patients with prostate carcinoma and the pronouncement level of miR-205 mediated by exosome was compared. Next, assays like wound healing and CKK-8 were used to investigate the effects of miR-205 in exosomes extracted from prostate carcinoma on the augmentation and metastasis of prostate carcinoma. Results. The results showed that the pronouncement level of miR-205 in tissues with prostate carcinoma was significantly lower than that in normal prostate tissues. In addition, the pronouncement level of miR-205 in fluid exosome of people with prostate carcinoma and exosomes derived from the lines of prostate carcinoma was considerably less than that in serum exosomes of healthy patients and that of normal cell lines of prostate. The pronouncement level of miR-205 in fluid exosomes of people with prostate carcinoma was negatively associated with cancer phase, uncontrolled cell division in lymph nodes, distant metastasis, and PSA level at initial diagnosis. Analysis (multivariate and univariate) showed that miR-205 pronouncement was a sovereign threat cause for prognosis of prostate cancer patients. Additionally, the pronouncement and metastasis of prostate carcinoma can be restricted by the overexpression of miR-205. Conclusion. The pronouncement of miR-205 in liquid derived exosomes is correlated with the prediction of people with prostate carcinoma and may be a new marker for identification and cure of prostate carcinoma.
Evaluation of the Optimal Protein Required in Granulated Microdiets for Rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) Larvae
Authors: Jang Bok Il , Olowe Olumide Samuel , Cho Sung Hwoan
Published: August 2022

Protein is an essential nutrient that supports fish growth, and the inadequacy in formulating their diets with an optimum protein level can deteriorate their growth performance. The protein requirement in granulated microdiets was estimated for rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) larvae. Five granulated microdiets (CP42, CP46, CP50, CP54, and CP58) containing 42% to 58% crude protein levels with a 4% increment at a constant gross energy level (18.4 kJ/g diets) were prepared. The formulated microdiets were also compared with imported microdiets, Inve (IV) and love larva (LL) from Belgium and Japan, respectively, and a locally marketed feed (crumble). At the cessation of the study, the survival of larval fish was not different (P>0.05), but the weight gain (%) of fish fed the CP54, IV, and LL diets was significantly (P<0.0001) higher than that of larval fish fed the CP58, CP50, CP46, and CP42 diets. The crumble diet achieved the poorest weight gain of larval fish. Furthermore, the total length of rockfish larvae fed the IV and LL diets was significantly (P<0.0001) longer than that of the fish fed all other diets. The chemical composition of the fish’s whole body, except for ash content, was not influenced by the experimental diets. The experimental diets affected essential amino acid profiles, such as histidine, leucine, and threonine, and nonessential amino acid profiles, such as alanine, glutamic acid, and proline of the whole body of larval fish. Conclusively, based on the broken line analysis of weight gain of larval rockfish, protein requirement in granulated microdiets was estimated to be 54.0%.
Enterprise Credit Security Prediction and Evaluation Based on Multimodel Fusion
Authors: Zhang Lei , He Jie , Zhao Zihao
Published: August 2022

Based on the industry data and enterprise data from tens of thousands of small and medium-sized enterprises, a deep learning and machine learning model of credit prediction is constructed through the division of data sets, processing, and integration of models. At first, with the help of two characteristic selection methods, several subsets separated from the dataset are analyzed based on convolutional neural network as coarse prediction. Then, combined with the tree model, the precise prediction is further made for the enterprise credit evaluation. Finally, the model fusion is carried out to obtain high-precision results. In the simulation experiment, this paper takes a data set of 14,366 small and medium-sized enterprise credit evaluations as the analysis samples to verify the results. The accuracy of the model is 97%, which is far more than 93% of single model with metadata set.
Modern and Contemporary Literature Courses in Colleges and Universities Using the Teaching Mode of Deep Learning
Authors: Jiang Hong
Published: August 2022

With the continuous promotion and development of Chinese around the world, increasingly foreign students come to China to learn Chinese. What they have learned is not only language skills but also the culture behind the language, because language and culture are integrated and inseparable. The purpose of this paper is to explore the teaching research of the teaching mode of using deep learning in contemporary literature courses in colleges and universities. This paper firstly introduces the distance and open education, which refers to a new type of education that uses modern teaching information technology to organize classroom teaching and deliver teaching content under the guidance of the concept of openness. The biggest difference between distance and open education and traditional education lies in the location and method of teaching. Then, the teaching of deep learning theory is explained, and the optimization algorithm of teaching and learning and the problem of education optimization are expounded. The algorithm successfully simulates the process of teachers passing professional knowledge to students and students’ self-learning professional knowledge. Finally, the teaching of modern and contemporary literature courses is investigated and analyzed. The results of this experimental survey show that more than 40% of the learners believe that modern and contemporary culture courses help to develop their Chinese communication skills. At the same time, this course will help foreign students to better master Chinese and understand China, which is beneficial and harmless. It can also change the world’s stereotype of China and shape a new image of China.
Crosstalk between Oxidative Stress and Exosomes
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Liu Rong , Chen Yuhua , Wang Minghua , Du Juan
Published: August 2022

Mammals have several organs comprising various cells with different functions. Furthermore, eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into functionally distinct organelles. Thus, for good organismal health, exosomes, which play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, interact closely with oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, which is recognized as a type of intracellular second signal, is aggravated by reactive species. As a subtype of reactive species, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be produced on the extracellular face of the plasma membrane by NADPH oxidases, via the mitochondrial electron transport chain, in peroxisomes, and in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. The scavenging of ROS is mainly dependent on peroxiredoxins, including GSH peroxidases, peroxiredoxins 3 and 5, and thioredoxin reductase. Intracellular ROS increase the number of intracellular multivesicular bodies (MVBs) by restraining their degradation in lysosomes, thereby enhancing the release of exosomes under the synergy of the depletion of exofacial GSH, which can be regulated by oxidative stress. In contrast, higher ROS levels can decrease the yield of exosomes by activating cellular autophagy to degrade MVBs. Moreover, exosomes can transfer the characteristics of parent cells to recipient cells. Here, we review the interaction between oxidative stress and exosomes in the hope of providing insights into their interplay.
Optimization, Structural Characterization, Thermal Properties, and Bactericidal Activity of Novel Alginate/Kaolin/Ag Bionanocomposite against Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm
Authors: Imani Mohammad Moslem , Ghorbani Fatemeh , Gorji Pourya , Mobarakeh Mohammad Salmani , Safaei Mohsen
Published: August 2022

Decreasing the effectiveness of existing antimicrobial agents and increasing antimicrobial resistance to them is one of the major challenges of the healthcare system. This study was aimed at determining the optimal conditions for synthesizing novel alginate/kaolin/Ag nanocomposite with the highest antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm. For this purpose, silver nanoparticles and alginate biopolymer were synthesized by the coprecipitation and biological methods, respectively. In situ method was used to synthesize nanocomposites. The antibacterial activity of nanocomposites against S. mutans biofilm was measured in 9 experiments designed by the Taguchi method to determine the highest level of antibacterial performance. Nanocomposites synthesized in experiment 3 (60 mg/ml alginate, 0.9 mg/ml kaolin, and 4 mg/ml Ag) and experiment 5 (70 mg/ml alginate, 0.6 mg/ml kaolin, and 4 mg/ml Ag) had the strongest antibacterial activity against the S. mutans biofilm, which completely stopped the growth of the bacterium. Various characterization tests were used to identify nanocomposite components materials that confirmed the formation of nanocomposite with desirable properties. Thermal analysis showed that the temperature range of thermal stability of nanocomposite is higher than the temperature range of thermal stability of alginate polymer. This novel nanocomposite showed desirable antibacterial potential against the S. mutans biofilm. As a result, it can be used as an antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent in various biomedical and dental fields.
Shadow Price Approximation for the Fractional Black Scholes Model
Authors: Narcisse Dolemweogo Sibiri , Frédéric Béré , Clovis Nitiéma Pierre
Published: August 2022

In this work, we used Tran Hung Thao’s approximation of fractional Brownian motion to approximate the shadow price of the fractional Black Scholes model. In the case to maximize expectation of the utility function in a portfolio optimization problem under transaction cost, the shadow price is approximated by a Markovian process and semimartingale.
Design of an Intervention and Education System for Children with Emotional Disorders Based on Semantic Analysis
Authors: Yang Ruifang , Wang Yiqun
Published: August 2022

In this paper, a semantic analysis approach to children’s emotional disorder intervention and education is thoroughly analyzed and discussed, and a corresponding educational system is designed for application in real life. This paper acquires video data by deploying a common camera acquisition and transforms, annotates, frames, and processes the data with the help of feature engineering methods. In addition, this paper proposes a fine-grained action decomposition strategy to solve the problem of extreme imbalance in the dataset to improve the performance of the model and proposes an iterative sampling data fusion strategy, which aims to integrate and fuse data from multiple sources to make them more effective and further improve the robustness and generalization ability of the model. Since it is difficult for families to improve the emotional management skills of migrant children, and it is also difficult to obtain professional help and support from the community or schools, it is important to take advantage of the professional strengths of social work to provide professional support for migrant children and their families. From the perspective of theoretical research, most of the existing studies focus on individual migrant children and cannot give global guidance from the perspective of the family system. The comparison results show that T-SVR trained using data from all subjects outperforms the inductive method based on individual training of trainees, validating the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive emotion recognition model. Therefore, from the perspective of system integration, it is important to explore social work interventions to improve the emotional management skills of migrant children. The system network structure design is determined according to the actual situation; then from the system requirements, the system is abstracted with the help of UML entity-relationship diagram, and the database table design is completed; so far, the overall system can be divided into independent functional modules, and the boundaries of each module and the participating roles are gradually clarified, and the detailed design within each functional module is illustrated by UML timing diagram and class diagram to clarify the classes used. Finally, the system is tested end-to-end to verify whether the results of the view layer meet the design guidelines, whether the system modules work together properly, and whether the functional development meets the requirements.
Canine Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Area for Human Leishmaniasis in Nicaragua
Authors: Flores Byron , Mora-Sánchez Brenda , Torres Dayana , Sheleby-Elías Jessica , Jirón William , Balcazar José Luis
Published: August 2022

In this study, the frequency of canines infected with Leishmania spp. in an area endemic to leishmaniasis in humans was determined. A descriptive pilot study was conducted between the months of October and December 2020 on dogs from Rota, a community in the municipality of León, which included 45 specimens from the peridomestic area. Different variables from each specimen were monitored, such as age, sex, breed, body condition, and clinical characteristics, as well as information on the owners and cases of human leishmaniasis presented in less than 5 years. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein and peripheral blood was separated. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed using venous blood samples with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), as well as a conventional PCR was applied for the detection of Leishmania spp. Amastigotes were found in 22% of venous or peripheral blood samples, whereas a high prevalence of 28.89% (95% CI: 14.53–43.24) was found by PCR. Only 1/12 of positive dogs in PCR presented dry exfoliative dermatitis, therefore, there was no significant difference (

p
≥
0.05

), the age and sex of the dogs were also not factors associated with infection (

p
≥
0.05

). This study reports for the first time the molecular detection of Leishmania in dogs in an endemic area of leishmaniasis in humans in Nicaragua. The high frequency of dogs infected with Leishmania suggests that they play an important role in the transmission cycle of human leishmaniasis.