bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of Vero cytotoxin-producing E.coli O157 linked to milk in Denmark
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

In an outbreak which lasted from September 2003 to March 2004 in Denmark, 25 people became ill with disease caused by Vero cytotoxin-producing E.coli (VTEC) O157. The outbreak was limited to the Greater Copenhagen area.
Further evidence that vCJD incidence in the UK is currently in decline
Authors: Andrews N J
Published: October 2017

In the first quarter of 2004 there was only one death from variant CJD reported in the United Kingdom. This follows a total of 18 deaths reported in 2003.
Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Hungary
Authors: Csohán Á
Published: October 2017

The Országos Epidemiológiai Központ (Hungarian National Centre for Epidemiology) was established on 1 January 1998
An outbreak of hepatitis B in an elderly care home in Antwerp, Belgium
Authors: De Schrijver K
Published: October 2017

In mid-December 2002, a case of hepatitis B in an 83 year old female resident of an elderly care home in the province of Antwerp
Increase in hepatitis A in MSM in the Netherlands
Authors: de Jager C M ,   J Heijne
Published: October 2017

It is unusual for an upsurge in hepatitis A incidence to be seen in spring or early summer in the Netherlands. A recent increase in the number of notifications of hepatitis A has, however, been detected through the Dutch data collection system for notifiable diseases
German study looks at prevalence of Salmonella in sesame seed products
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

In 2001, there was an international outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 due to consumption of a particular brand of halva, a sweet made from sesame seeds, honey and flavourings, which was produced in Turkey
Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Latvia
Authors: Bormane A , Lucenko I , Perevoščikovs J
Published: October 2017

The Latvian public health service dates back to 1947. The Sanitary Epidemiological Service, created in Soviet times, provided two main functions – assessment of health risk factors, including surveillance of communicable diseases, and inspection.
Swedres 2003: report on Swedish antibiotic utilisation and resistance in human medicine
Authors: Lundh K ,   K Ekdahl
Published: October 2017

There has been close collaboration between human and veterinary medicine regarding antibiotic resistance for several years in Sweden
Tuberculosis in Portuguese migrant workers in Wales, June 2004
Authors: Carnicer-Pont D , Russell Rachel , Walapu M , Morgan S , Williams A , Llewellyn-Jones C , Hope-Gill B , El-Zimaity D , Salmon R
Published: October 2017

On June 2004, CDSC Wales received reports of two cases of smear and sputum culture positive pulmonary TB
2004 update on the global AIDS epidemic from UNAIDS
Authors: Blackham J
Published: October 2017

AIDS has claimed 20 million lives since the first case was diagnosed in 1981, according to the 2004 Report on the global AIDS epidemic, published this week by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Estonia
Authors: Kutsar K , Varjas J
Published: October 2017

The surveillance of communicable diseases in Estonia dates back to the 18th century
Tickborne encephalitis in Europe: basic information, country by country
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

On 24 June, Eurosurveillance Weekly published overviews of the tickborne encephalitis (TBE) situation in the Czech Republic, Lithuania and Latvia
Two linked cases of West Nile virus (WNV) acquired by Irish tourists in the Algarve, Portugal
Authors:   J Connell,   P Mckeown,   P Garvey,   S Cotter,   A Conway,   D O'Flanagan,   B P O’Herlihy,   D Morgan,   A Nicoll,   G Loyd
Published: October 2017

On 21 July 2004, Ireland’s National Virus Reference Laboratory reported two suspected cases of West Nile virus infection to the National Disease Surveillance Centre. It is thought that both patients were exposed in the Algarve region of Portugal
Ciprofloxacin resistant gonorrhoea in England and Wales - a changing epidemiology
Authors:   E Rudd,   K Fenton,   C Ison
Published: October 2017

The prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in England and Wales has stabilised after a rapid increase observed in 2002
Q fever outbreak in Botevgrad, Bulgaria: May-June 2004
Authors: Kamenov G , Tiholova M
Published: October 2017

Q fever is a widespread zoonosis in Bulgaria, caused by Coxiella burnetii. The major route of transmission from animals to humans is by infected aerosols. Over the past decade, the number of both sporadic cases and outbreaks in Bulgaria has increased
Isolation of drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Maltese Islands
Authors:   C Micallef,   C Barbara,   P Cuschieri,   R Cassar
Published: October 2017

Infections due to drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae were reported for the first time in the Maltese islands in a recently published study
EpiNorth website updated with 2003 data: decline in HIV infections seen in Baltic and some Russian regions
Authors:   V R Gundersen
Published: October 2017

The EpiNorth website has just been updated with data from the 2003 annual surveillance reports from the eight Baltic and Nordic countries, and the seven neighbouring regions of northwest Russia
MED-VET-NET: bringing together veterinary, medical and food scientists across Europe
Authors:   D Newell,   A Jestin
Published: October 2017

MED-VET-NET is a network of excellence which aims to integrate veterinary, medical and food scientists
MRSA cases continue to increase in Finland
Authors:   O Lyytikäinen,   N Agthe,   A Virolainen-Julkunen,   J Vuopio-Varkila
Published: October 2017

A marked rise in MRSA isolates has been detected between 2003 and 2004 in Finland
Measles increase in Ireland, 2004
Authors: Gee S , Carton M , Cotter S
Published: October 2017

Since the beginning of 2004, 293 cases of measles have been reported in Ireland (incidence: 7.5/100 000 population). The increase in measles activity, particularly since May, has been widespread in the country
Wound botulism: increase in cases in injecting drug users, United Kingdom, 2004
Authors: Hope V , Ncube F , Dennis J , McLauchlin J
Published: October 2017

Twenty seven suspected cases of wound botulism in injecting drug users were reported to the Health Protection Agency (England and Wales) between 1 January and 25 August 2004.
Salmonella Enteritidis non-phage type 4 infections in England and Wales 2000-2004: Report from a multi-agency national outbreak control team
Authors: Gillespie I A
Published: October 2017

An increase in reports of laboratory confirmed infections caused by Salmonella Enteritidis phage types other than PT4 has been observed in England and Wales since 2000
Eighth case of vCJD identified in France was a blood donor
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

Another case of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease has been identified by the surveillance system set up by the Institut de Veille Sanitaire and the National Institute of Health and Medical Research in France. This is the eighth case to have been identified in France since 1996
Waterborne outbreak of giardiasis in Bergen, Norway
Authors: Nygård K , Schimmer B , Søbstad Øystein , Tveit I
Published: October 2017

An outbreak of Giardia lamblia has been identified in the city of Bergen (approximately 250 000 inhabitants), a popular tourist destination on the western coast of Norway.
Imported case of rabies in Germany from India
Authors: Summer Rudolf , Ross Stefan , Kiehl W
Published: October 2017

An imported case of rabies was recently notified in Germany. At the beginning of May 2004, a 51 year old Bavarian man became ill six weeks after returning from a five month trip to India.
International outbreak of Salmonella Thompson caused by contaminated ruccola salad - update
Authors: Nygård K , Lassen J , Vold L , Aavitsland P , Fisher I. S.T.
Published: October 2017

We recently reported an outbreak of Salmonella Thompson associated with ruccola salad* in Norway. Almost all of patients interviewed mentioned having eaten ruccola from a pre-prepared salad mix in pre-packed plastic bags.
BSE agent in goat tissue: precautions discussed
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

On 28 October 2004, the European Commission announced the possible finding of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent in a goat, slaughtered in France in 2002
High number of norovirus outbreaks associated with a GGII.4 variant in the Netherlands and elsewhere: does this herald a worldwide increase?
Authors: Kroneman A , Vennema H , van Duijnhoven Y , Duizer E , Koopmans M
Published: October 2017

An increasing number of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks have been reported in the Netherlands since October 2004. The early onset of the ‘winter vomiting disease’ season and the high number of reports are unusual.
Considerable progress in European preparations for a potential influenza pandemic
Authors: Editorial team Collective , Paget W J
Published: October 2017

The threat of an influenza pandemic has been heightened in the past two years by outbreaks of avian influenza concentrated in South East Asia which have resulted in human deaths. So far, the avian influenza virus seems difficult to transmit from human to human, but changes in the virus genome may well increase transmissibility
Watching the detectives: celebrating the 10th year of EPIET
Authors:   N Crowcroft
Published: October 2017

The European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) is ten years old, and an open day is being held at the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections in London on 18 January 2005 to celebrate this
Final analysis of Netherlands avian influenza outbreaks reveals much higher levels of transmission to humans than previously thought
Authors: Bosman A , Meijer A , Koopmans M
Published: October 2017

Recent alerts demonstrate that the transmission of avian influenza to humans, which re-emerged at the beginning of 2004, is far from over in South East Asia
Seven PhD fellowships in Denmark available for non-human use of antimicrobials through the EC Marie Curie programme
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Seven three-year PhD fellowships are currently available for multidisciplinary early-stage research training in Denmark on the identification, characterisation and assessment of public health risks associated with non-human use of antimicrobials.
New WHO influenza vaccine recommendations for 2005-2006 season, northern hemisphere
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The World Health Organization recently published new influenza vaccine recommendations for the 2005-6 season, for the northern hemisphere
Large outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis in north east London
Authors: Anaraki S , Giraudon I , Cathcart S
Published: October 2017

Public health officials are investigating an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 1 linked to a shop selling kebabs in north east London
Five case histories of tularaemia infection in Oppland and Hedmark Counties, Norway
Authors: Hagen I  J , Aandahl E , Hasseltvedt V ,   L Bevanger
Published: October 2017

From the middle of June 2003 to 10 October 2003, six cases of tularaemia were confirmed in the Norwegian central and eastern counties of Oppland and Hedmark
Health complaints linked to surface water recreation in the Netherlands, 2000- 2003
Authors: Schets F. M. , de Roda Husman A  M
Published: October 2017

Public bathing water-related health complaints are reported each summer in the Netherlands. Water quality at the monitored sites may temporarily drop as a result of untreated sewage contamination
Preventing and controlling disease outbreaks in a complex emergency situation: discussion of the tsunami aftermath
Authors: Nicoll A , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The effects of the tsunami tidal wave which hit countries in south Asia and east Africa on 26 December 2004, presented a potential communicable disease threat immediately after the initial physical devastation
AIDS in Africa: Three scenarios in 2025
Authors: Dougan S
Published: October 2017

In a report recently published by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), scenarios are used to explore the possible future of AIDS in Africa over the next 20 years, based on decisions taken today by African leaders and the rest of the world
Human and animal incidence of brucellosis declining in Spain
Authors: Sánchez Serrano L. P. , Ordóñez Banegas Pilar , Díaz García M  O , Torres Frías A
Published: October 2017

Human brucellosis has been a statutorily notifiable disease in Spain since 1943. Since 1992, there has been a sharp decline in the number of reported cases, marking the beginning of a new phase of low incidence that has been maintained over the last 4 years
New communicable disease notification system launched in Turkey
Authors: Bayazit Y , Buyurgan V , Tumay S
Published: October 2017

At the beginning of 2005, a new and completely revised communicable disease notification was launched nationwide in Turkey
E-alert 22 April: First probable case of vCJD reported in the Netherlands
Authors: Editorial team Collective , Bosman A
Published: October 2017

The first probable case of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob (vCJD) disease in a patient in the Netherlands
A case of cholera imported from Senegal to Rimini, Italy, June 2005
Authors: Ciofi Degli Atti M L , Finarelli A C , Pompa M G , Toni F , Bella A , Callipari O , Luzzi I
Published: October 2017

On the evening of 15 June 2005, a 45 year old Senegalese man was admitted to hospital in Rimini, northeast Italy with severe acute diarrhoea.
Cases of Salmonella Stourbridge infection in France, April-June 2005
Authors: Vaillant V , Espié E
Published: October 2017

Following the Enter-net request for information on recent cases of Salmonella Stourbridge infection reported in Europe
Larger than usual increase in cases of hantavirus infections in Belgium, France and Germany, June 2005
Authors: Mailles A , Abu Sin M , Ducoffre G , Heyman P , Koch J , Zeller H
Published: October 2017

An exceptionally large increase in hantavirus infections has been detected simultaneously in Belgium, Germany and France since spring 2005
Death from rabies in a UK traveller returning from India
Authors: Smith Alan , Petrovic M , Solomon Tom , Fooks A. R.
Published: October 2017

A fatal case of imported human rabies has been reported in England
Human bocavirus found in children with lower respiratory tract infection
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

A new parvovirus which causes lower respiratory tract infections in children has been identified for the first time, and has provisionally been called human bocavirus
Is it time to introduce hepatitis A vaccine into routine childhood immunisations?
Authors: Arumugan C , Ahmed A
Published: October 2017

The evidence for the protective efficacy of hepatitis A vaccine has been well established. Although the original recommendations for hepatitis A vaccine were that it should be given to those at greatest risk, other alternative approaches such as universal immunisation of children have also been recommended
Monitoring CA-MRSA infections in Slovenia
Authors: Grmek Kosnik I , Kraigher A , Hocevar-Grom A , Perpar Veninšek I ,   M M Premru
Published: October 2017

In July and August 2004, an outbreak of furunculosis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) occurred in members of a sports team in Slovenia.
Preventing introduction and spread of avian influenza among bird flocks in Europe: recommendations by European Animal Health Panel
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

A series of recommendations to prevent the entry and transmission of avian influenza among bird flocks in Europe has been made by the European Food Safety Authority’s Panel on Animal Health and Welfare
ECDC invites applications for further positions
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

A further position is being advertised at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in Stockholm.
Call for members of Scientific Panels for the ECDC
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is seeking members for the six panels for Scientific Advice
Avian influenza detected in Turkey and Romania
Authors: Nicoll A , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Results from the European Union reference laboratory indicate that the birds in Turkey were infected with type A(H5N1)
Study of 1918 influenza pandemic virus provides information on origin and virulence mechanisms
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The 1918 pandemic of ‘Spanish’ influenza killed up to 50 million people worldwide
H5N1 virus resistant to oseltamivir isolated from Vietnamese patient
Authors: ECDC Influenza Team Collective , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

A case of human infection with an influenza A(H5N1) virus that is resistant to oseltamivir
First isolation of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027, toxinotype III in Belgium
Authors: Joseph R , Demeyer D , Vanrenterghem D , van den Berg R , Kuijper E  J , Delmée M
Published: October 2017

Outbreaks of diarrhoea due to Clostridium difficile ribotype 027, toxinotype III have been reported
Outbreak of norovirus infections associated with consuming food from a catering company, Austria, September 2005
Authors: Lederer I , Schmid D , Pichler A  M , Dapra R , Kraler P , Blassnig A , Luckner-Hornischer A , Berghold C , Allerberger F
Published: October 2017

On 7 September 2005 a cluster of acute gastroenteritis cases was reported to a public health department in southern Austria
Outbreak of Salmonella Goldcoast affecting tourists exposed in Majorca from the UK, Ireland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark
Authors: Coia J  E , Cormican M , Ethelberg S , Fisher I. S.T. , Hernández Pezzi G , Hjertqvist M , McKeown P , Nygård K , Smith-Palmer Alison , Soler P , Ward L
Published: October 2017

By 27 October 2005, 32 cases of gastroenteritis due to Salmonella Goldcoast had been detected in tourists
Outbreak of tuberculosis in a Stockholm nursery affects 35 children
Authors: Berggren-Palme I , Larsson L. O. , Zedenius I , Gillman A , Bennet R
Published: October 2017

A female assistant at a nursery in a wealthy suburb of Stockholm was diagnosed with smear positive advanced pulmonary tuberculosis in August 2005.
Re-emergence of syphilis in Sweden: results from a surveillance study for 2004
Authors: Payne L , Berglund T , Henriksson L , Berggren-Palme I
Published: October 2017

A 7% increase on the previous year was observed in 2004, with 192 cases - the highest number of annual notifications since the mid-1980s
Europe makes progress in preparing for influenza pandemic, but further work needed
Authors: Horstick O , Kaiser R , Ciotti M , Brown C S , Coulombier D , Nicoll A , Karcher F , Ganter B
Published: October 2017

Progress has been made in influenza pandemic preparedness in Europe in the past six month
Rubella outbreak in an unvaccinated religious community in the Netherlands leads to cases of congenital rubella syndrome
Authors: van der Veen Y , Hahné S , Ruijs Helma , van Binnendijk R , Timen A , van Loon A. M. , de Melker H
Published: October 2017

The first children with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) associated with the recent rubella outbreak in
Intravenous artesunate recommended for patients with severe malaria: position statement from TropNetEurop
Authors: Jelinek T
Published: October 2017

Severe falciparum malaria is an acute emergency with a very high case fatality rate, if left untreated
Hajj 2006: communicable disease and other health risks and current official guidance for pilgrims
Authors: Shafi Shuja , Memish Z A , Gatrad A. R. , Sheikh Aziz
Published: October 2017

Hajj, the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, is the largest annual gathering of its kind in the world.
Applicants sought for training fellowships in intervention epidemiology in Europe (the EPIET programme): deadline 6 February 2006
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

The European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training
Human cases of avian influenza in eastern Turkey: the weather factor
Authors: Giesecke J
Published: October 2017

It seems clear that birds in eastern Turkey were infected with A(H5N1) in November 2005, or even earlier. There has been speculation absout why the first human cases did not appear until after Christmas.
Tularaemia outbreak in hare hunters in the Darmstadt-Dieburg district, Germany
Authors: Hofstetter I , Eckert J , Splettstoesser W , Hauri A M
Published: October 2017

In November 2005, an outbreak of tularaemia occurred among a group of thirty nine hunters and beaters who had participated in a hare hunt on 29 October in the Darmstadt-Griesheim area in the state of Hessen
Management of potential human cases of influenza A/H5N1: lessons from Belgium
Authors: Quoilin S , Thomas I , Gérard C , Maes S , Haucotte G , Gérard M , Van Laethem Y , Snacken R , Hanquet G , Brochier B , Robesyn E
Published: October 2017

Since the first human cases of influenza A/H5N1 were widely reported from Turkey in early January, many European patients with suspected influenza
Avian influenza H5N1 detected in poultry in Nigeria, further human cases reported in Iraq, Indonesia and China
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been detected in poultry in northern Nigeria, according to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the World Health Organization
New case of transfusion-associated vCJD in the United Kingdom
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

A new case of probable variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) has recently been diagnosed in a patient in the United Kingdom
More detections of avian influenza in wild birds in Europe: Commission approves limited poultry vaccination
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Wild birds with highly pathogenic avian influenza have been detected in two more European Union countries; France and Slovakia
Chikungunya outbreak on Réunion: update
Authors: Cordel H , the Investigation Group Collective
Published: October 2017

The current outbreak of chikungunya on Réunion Island is still spreading extensively
Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to the UK childhood immunisation programme, and changes to the meningitis C and Hib schedules
Authors: Cameron C , Pebody R G
Published: October 2017

Changes to vaccinations in the United Kingdom (UK) childhood immunisation programme will be implemented later this year [1].
Comprehensive guidance to reduce infection risk from spa pools and whirlpool baths
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

New guidance on practical measures to reduce the risk of infection has been published in the United Kingdom (UK) for commercial and domestic owners of spa pools (also known as hot tubs)
World TB day: European countries report over 400,000 tuberculosis cases in 2004
Authors: Falzon D , Desenclos J  C
Published: October 2017

In 2004, 414 163 tuberculosis cases were notified by 51 of the 52 countries of the World Health Organization European Region, representing 8% of notifications to WHO worldwide in the same year. Seventy per cent of all TB cases in the region were in the 12 countries of the Former Soviet Union
Worldwide distribution of HPV types in women with normal cervical cytology and in women with cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ihekweazu C
Published: October 2017

Two recently published international studies have advanced knowledge of the worldwide distribution of human papillomavirus types and of the cause of cervical adenocarcinomas – a category of disease that forms a small but important and increasing proportion of all cervical cancers
Measles outbreak in the region of Madrid, Spain, 2006
Authors: García-Comas L
Published: October 2017

Between 26 January and 16 March 2006, 59 cases of measles were notified in the Autonomous Region of Madrid, Spain
Avian influenza H5N1 detected in German poultry and a United Kingdom wild bird
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Poultry on a farm in the federal state of Sachsen, eastern Germany have tested positive for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1
H5N1 infections in cats – public health implications
Authors: Influenza team (ECDC) Collective
Published: October 2017

The natural reservoir of influenza viruses is generally considered to be wild waterbirds. In this animal group, many species of influenza viruses circulate without seeming to cause much disease, and are therefore known as ‘low pathogenic’ avian influenza viruses
Imported cases of chikungunya in metropolitan France, April 2005 - February 2006
Authors: Cordel H , Quatresous I , Paquet C , Couturier E
Published: October 2017

By 9 April 2006, 241 000 cases of chikungunya had been reported on the island of Reunion, and 5339 cases on the island of Mayotte. The islands of Mauritius, Seychelles, Madagascar, and Comoros are also affected
Outbreak of low pathogenicity H7N3 avian influenza in UK, including associated case of human conjunctivitis
Authors: Nguyen-Van-Tam J  S , Nair P , Acheson P , Baker A , Barker M , Bracebridge S , Croft J , Ellis J , Gelletlie R , Gent N , Ibbotson S , Joseph C A , Mahgoub H , Monk P , Reghitt T  W , Sundkvist T , Sellwood C , Simpson John , Smith J , Watson J  M , Zambon M , Lightfoot N
Published: October 2017

On 26 April 2006, the veterinary authorities in the United Kingdom reported that there had been an outbreak of avian influenza type A/H7 among a 35 000-bird housed poultry flock in eastern England, United Kingdom.
Further thoughts on the limitations of a recently published review of national influenza pandemic plans in Europe
Authors: Coker R , Mounier-Jack S
Published: October 2017

In their critique of our analysis of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans in Europe, Nicoll and Kaiser raise a number of issues
Cluster of trichinellosis cases in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
Authors: Littman M , Nöckler K , Hallauer J
Published: October 2017

Seventeen cases of trichinellosis were detected among members of an extended family living in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, eastern Germany
Avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks in Romanian and Danish poultry, and large H5N1 cluster in an Indonesian family
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Having declared the eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza type H5N1 in birds on 21 April 2006, Romanian authorities reported multiple new H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in the district of Brasov, central Romania
Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine into the Dutch national immunisation programme
Authors: van Oosten M , de Greeff S , Spanjaard L , Schouls L  M
Published: October 2017

Seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) has been added to the Dutch national immunisation programme
Universal hepatitis B screening of pregnant women in Denmark ascertains substantial additional infections: results from the first five months
Authors: Cowan S  A , Bagdonaite J , Qureshi K
Published: October 2017

In 2005, it was decided not to introduce hepatitis B vaccination into the childhood vaccination programme in Denmark
Measles vaccination advised before travel to World Cup in Germany, but risk of measles infection low
Authors: Krause G , Siedler A , Schenkel K , Steffens I , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The 2006 FIFA World Cup football tournament began in Germany on 9 June
Lyme borreliosis: Europe-wide coordinated surveillance and action needed?
Authors: Smith R. , Takkinen J , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) is an infection caused by the spirochete bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi
Lyme borreliosis in the Netherlands: strong increase in GP consultations and hospital admissions in past 10 years
Authors: Hofhuis A , van der Giessen J W , Borgsteede F , Wielinga P  R , Notermans D  W , van Pelt W
Published: October 2017

Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease) is not notifiable in the Netherlands
World avian influenza update: H5N1 could become endemic in Africa
Authors: Influenza team (ECDC) Collective
Published: October 2017

Since 2003, a stable variant of the H5N1 avian influenza virus
National increase in human Salmonella Montevideo infections in England and Wales: March to June 2006
Authors: Elson R , Outbreak control team Collective
Published: October 2017

Since 1 March 2006, the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections
Outbreak of legionnaires’ disease in Amsterdam, June-July 2006
Authors: Editorial team Collective , van den Hoek A
Published: October 2017

An outbreak of legionnaires’ disease is occurring in Amsterdam, where 23 cases confirmed by urinary antigen test were reported between 6 and 13 July 2006, and one patient has died
National outbreak of Salmonella Ajiobo infection in England and Wales, June 2006
Authors: Gillespie I  A , Adak G  K , Threlfall E  J , Outbreak Investigation Team Collective
Published: October 2017

Since 20 June 2006, 119 non travel-associated human cases of Salmonella Ajiobo infection in
US study finds that consistent condom use protects against genital human papillomavirus infection
Authors: Savage E  J , Lowndes C  M
Published: October 2017

Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection and it is estimated that at least 50%
Increase in cases of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Turkey, 2006
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Between 1 January and 30 June 2006, 323 people in Turkey underwent investigation for Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Measles outbreak in Grosseto, central Italy, 2006
Authors: Boncompagni G , Incandela L , Bechini A , Giannini D , Cellini C , Trezzi M , Ciofi Degli Atti M L , Ansaldi F , Valle L , Bonanni P
Published: October 2017

From 2003 to 2007, Italy is implementing a national plan to eliminate measles and congenital rubella
Removal of ticks: a review of the literature
Authors: Pitches D  W
Published: October 2017

Eurosurveillance recently reported that travellers who discover ticks attached to them should remove the tick by grasping the mouthpiece with tweezers (forceps) and rotating the tick
Results from the integrated surveillance system for the 2006 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Italy
Authors: Epidemiological Consultation Team Collective
Published: October 2017

An integrated epidemiological surveillance and response system was set up for the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Torino [1] between 1 February
Epidemiological surveillance implemented in southeast France during the 2006 Olympic Winter Games
Authors: Franke F , Coulon L , Renaudat C , Euillot B , Kessalis N , Malfait P
Published: October 2017

Eurosurveillance recently reported on the surveillance system set up in Italy for the 2006 Olympic Winter Games [1,2]. Some of the competitions of the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Torino, Piemonte, Italy
Large tularaemia outbreak in Värmland, central Sweden, 2006
Authors: Wik O
Published: October 2017

Tularaemia cases are being detected increasingly in southern parts of Sweden. In 1999, in the county of Värmland in central Sweden (bordering Norway), the first outbreak of more than 20 cases was detected
Outbreak of legionellosis associated with a spa pool, United Kingdom
Authors: Foster K , Gorton R , Waller J
Published: October 2017

An outbreak of legionellosis with clinical cases of both Pontiac Fever and fully-fledged legionnaire’s disease associated with use of a spa pool at a local leisure club is being investigated in northeast England, United Kingdom.
Analysis of 721 Chlamydia trachomatis-positive urogenital specimens from men and women using LGV L2-specific real-time PCR assay
Authors: Goldenberger D , Dutly F , Gebhardt M
Published: October 2017

The epidemic of rectal lymphogranuloma venereum among men who have sex with men in western Europe and other parts of the world is ongoing
Dr Margaret Chan appointed WHO Director-General
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Dr Margaret Chan has been appointed the new Director-General of the World Health Organization. This announcement was made during a special one-day session
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is efficacious against invasive disease with fewer doses than currently recommended
Authors: Nohynek H
Published: October 2017

A recent study in The Lancet reported on the effectiveness against invasive pneumococcal disease of the only pneumococcal conjugate vaccine currently available in routine American healthcare settings
Salmonella contamination in non-UK produced shell eggs on retail sale in some regions of England
Authors: Little C , Walsh S , Hucklesby L , Surman-Lee S , Pathak K , Hall Y , de Pinna E , Threlfall E  J , Maund A , Chan C  H ,   S Walsh
Published: October 2017

The Food Standards Agency for the United Kingdom has published its findings of a survey of salmonella contamination in eggs produced outside the UK and on retail sale in England
Use of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in EU
Authors: Lopalco P L , Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

Invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe as well as worldwide. Pneumococcal meningitis, septicaemia and pneumonia are particularly frequent in children
First isolation of Clostridium difficile 027 in Japan
Authors: Kato H , Ito Y , van den Berg R , Kuijper E  J , Arakawa Y
Published: October 2017

We report the first isolation of a variant strain of Clostridium difficile from a patient with pseudomembranous colitis in Japan. The strain was chararacterised as North American pulsed field gel electrophoresis type 1 (NAP1), PCR ribotype 027, toxinotype III.
VENICE: Europe’s new network for vaccination
Authors: Pastore Celentano L , Lopalco PL , O’Flanagan D , Levy-Bruhl D , Ferro A , Tridente G , Appelgren E , Salmaso S
Published: October 2017

Vaccination is an extremely effective tool in reducing the burden of infectious diseases. There are many vaccine products currently available in Europe. Vaccines developed recently have been introduced according to common European Union (EU)-wide regulatory procedures since 2003, which implies that they are licensed for common indications and population groups across the EU.
Applications sought for training fellowships for intervention epidemiology in Europe (the EPIET programme)
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

The European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) started in 1995. The programme is now funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and by various European Union member states, Switzerland and Norway. Subject to agreement for another round of funding, the thirteenth cohort of fellows is planned, starting in September 2007.
Avian influenza update: Recent outbreaks of H5N1 in poultry worldwide
Authors: Influenza team (ECDC) Collective
Published: October 2017

A resurgence of outbreaks of avian influenza (A/H5N1) has been reported recently in poultry in Vietnam, South Korea, Japan and Thailand and Hungary, as well as cases of human infection in Indonesia and China, following a period of relatively low activity. This is not unexpected, as similar trends were observed at this time of the year in 2004, 2005 and 2006 [1,2,3].
Stockpiling of anti-influenza drugs in private households: a survey in Germany
Authors: Buchholz U , Altmann D , Sagebiel D , Haas W , Reiter S , Ziese T , Kohler M
Published: October 2017

The pandemic preparedness plan for Germany published in January 2005 requires that all influenza patients have access to antiviral drugs in the event of an influenza pandemic.
Outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae strain harbouring an AmpC (DHA-1) and a blaSHV-11 in a Belgian hospital, August-December 2006
Authors: Vanwynsberghe T , Verhamme K , Raymaekers M , Cartuyvels R , Boel A , De Beenhouwer H
Published: October 2017

A hospital in the northwest of Belgium has recorded 22 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae expressing an unusual pattern of antibiotic susceptibility when testing for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) between August and December 2006.
Erratum for: Euro Surveill 2007;12(1):E070125.1
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: October 2017

A correction has been made to the article 'Measles deaths fall by 60 percent worldwide: eradication on target'.
Identification of the Swedish Chlamydia trachomatis variant among patients attending a STI clinic in Oslo, Norway
Authors: Moghaddam A , Reinton N
Published: October 2017

A Chlamydia trachomatis variant has been identified in patients in Sweden that harbours a 377 base pair deletion in the ORF1 in the C. trachomatis cryptic plasmid. There is no evidence for the presence of this new C. trachomatis variant outside Sweden, however, we wanted to assess whether this variant was circulating in Oslo, in order to implement new procedures for optimal specificity and sensitivity in detecting urogenital C. trachomatis infections.
Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infection traced to imported cured sausage using MLVA-subtyping
Authors: Nygård K , Lindstedt B A , Wahl W , Jensvoll L , Kjelsø C , Mølbak K , Torpdahl M , Kapperud G
Published: October 2017

On 28 November 2006, a patient in Norway was diagnosed with Salmonella Typhimurium infection. He contacted the district food safety office in Trondheim as he suspected the source to be Spanish-produced cured sausages he had bought on a ferry between Kiel, Germany and Oslo, Norway in October 2006.
The Stop TB Partnership for Europe: aims and principles
Authors: O’Toole J
Published: October 2017

The Stop TB Partnership for Europe was launched on 10 October 2006 at a meeting of 25 leading European organisations held in Geneva. It is a regional-level entity established under the umbrella of the Global Partnership to Stop TB and aims to accelerate progress on tuberculosis control by promoting implementation of the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006-2015 in the European region.
Outbreak of severe gastroenteritis with multiple aetiologies caused by contaminated drinking water in Denmark, January 2007
Authors: Vestergaard L. S. , Olsen K EP , Stensvold C R , Böttiger B  E , Adelhardt M , Lisby M , Mørk L , Mølbak K
Published: October 2017

On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste.
Local mumps outbreak in Hungary, 2007
Authors: Molnár Z , Szomor K , Huszti G , Ozsvárné Csepregi É
Published: October 2017

Nine cases of mumps have been reported recently in a village in Heves County in northern Hungary. The illnesses occurred between 5 January and 24 February 2007, and were epidemiologically related and laboratory-confirmed.
Universal immunisation with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among females aged 12-17 recommended in Germany
Authors: Deleré Y , Meyer C , Reiter S
Published: October 2017

In March 2007, vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) was added to the recommended routine immunisation schedule in Germany. Primary immunisation is recommended for females aged 12 to 17.
First cluster of travel-associated legionnaires’ disease detected in Bulgarian citizens
Authors: Tomova I , Marinov R , Maeva I
Published: October 2017

Since 2002, Bulgaria has been a member of the European Working Group for Legionella Infections (EWGLI), and since July 2005, legionellosis has been a mandatorily notifiable disease in our country. This paper describes the first cluster of travel-associated legionnaires’ disease detected in Bulgarian patients.
An ongoing outbreak of lymphogranuloma venereum in the Netherlands, 2006-2007
Authors: Koedijk FD , de Boer IM , de Vries HJ , Thiesbrummel HF , van der Sande MA
Published: October 2017

As reported previously, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) has emerged as a significant public health problem in the Netherlands since an outbreak among mainly HIV-positive men having sex with men (MSM) in Rotterdam in 2004 [1,2]. As of March 2007, 232 confirmed cases of LGV had been reported in the Netherlands.
Sporadic human cases of cowpox in Germany
Authors: Nitsche A , Pauli G
Published: October 2017

Cowpox has been enzootic in cattle for a long time. Over the past years, however, no cowpox virus infections of cattle were diagnosed in Germany. Instead, cowpox viruses are increasingly found in cats, which can develop lesions and secrete large amounts of virus.
Significant increase of hantavirus infections in Germany since the beginning of 2007
Authors: Koch J , Brockmann S O , Winter C , Kimmig P , Stark K
Published: October 2017

Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) are rodent-borne pathogens and occur worldwide. Hantavirus infections in Europe and Asia can result in a hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) of different severity.
Outbreak of measles in Geneva, Switzerland, March-April 2007
Authors: Delaporte E , Wyler C A , Sudre P
Published: October 2017

Between 1 March and 5 April 2007, 11 cases of measles were notified in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. The most recent cases before this cluster dated back to April 2005. In Switzerland, measles notification by physicians and laboratories to local and federal public health authorities is mandatory.
An outbreak of measles among a travelling community from England in Norway: a preliminary report
Authors: Løvoll Ø , Vonen L , Vevatne T , Sagvik E , Vainio K , Sandbu S , Aavitsland P
Published: October 2017

Between 7 and 14 May 2007, Nasjonalt Folkehelseinstitutt (the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, NIPH) was notified of six cases of measles, all occurring in a group of families from England staying at camping sites in Norway.
Increase of reported HIV infections in Sweden
Authors: Arneborn M , Blaxhult A
Published: October 2017

The number of people diagnosed with HIV in Sweden since testing began in 1984 is about 7,500. An estimated 4,000 of them are alive today and live in Sweden.
First cases of infections caused by Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Bulgaria
Authors: Nashev D , Bizeva L , Toshkova K
Published: October 2017

Infections caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) have emerged as a major public health problem worldwide.
Genetic evidence of Puumala and Tula Hantaviruses in rodents in the Jura region, France – preliminary results
Authors: Artois M , Cochez C , Van Mele R , Heyman P
Published: October 2017

Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses carried by a specific rodent species in Palearctic areas. They have been identified as etiologic agents of disease in humans: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Old World and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas.
Importation of Polish trichinellosis cases to Ireland, June 2007
Authors: McHugh G , Kiely D , Low J , Healy M L , Hayes C , Clarke S
Published: October 2017

A Polish national in his late 20s presented in June to the emergency department of a hospital in Dublin.
Ongoing measles outbreak in Switzerland: results from November 2006 to July 2007
Authors: Richard J L , Masserey Spicher V
Published: October 2017

An outbreak of measles was detected in the canton of Lucerne in November 2006. From then until 17 July 2007, 483 cases were reported by physicians or laboratories for the whole country.
Use of Gamma-interferon assays in low- and medium-prevalence countries in Europe: a consensus statement of a Wolfheze Workshop organised by KNCV/EuroTB, Vilnius Sept 2006
Authors: Drobniewski F , Cobelens F , Zellweger J- P , on behalf of the KNCV/EuroTB Workshop
Published: October 2017

Interferon gamma release assays (IGRA) offer an alternative to tuberculin skin testing (TST or Mantoux) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) latent infection (LTBI) or as an additional diagnostic method for active TB.
An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 phage type 2 infection in Paisley, Scotland
Authors: Stirling A , McCartney G , Ahmed S , Cowden J
Published: October 2017

The National Health Service’s (NHS) Greater Glasgow and Clyde Public Health Protection Unit is currently investigating an outbreak of E. coli O157 infection in Paisley.
An ongoing outbreak of measles linked to the United Kingdom in an ultra-orthodox Jewish community in Israel
Authors: Stewart-Freedman B , Kovalsky N
Published: October 2017

On 4 August, a 22-year-old male tourist from London presented at a hospital in Jerusalem, Israel with general malaise, a high fever and a blotchy maculopapular rash over his face trunk and limbs, including palms and soles.
Annual World Hepatitis Awareness Day: an opportunity to raise awareness
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: October 2017

The fourth annual World Hepatitis Awareness Day will take place on 1 October 2007.
European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe, 1998-2005
Authors: Muller A , Coenen S , Monnet D. L. , Goossens H ,   ESAC project group
Published: October 2017

The European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC) project collects data on antimicrobial consumption in ambulatory care and hospital settings from 34 European countries.
Outbreak of Salmonella Stanley in Sweden associated with alfalfa sprouts, July-August 2007
Authors: Werner S , Boman K , Einemo I ,   M Erntell,   R Helisola,   B de Jong,   A Lindqvist,   M Löfdahl,   S Löfdahl,   A Meeuwisse,   G Ohlen,   M Olsson,   I Persson,   A Runehagen,   G Rydevik,   U Stamer,   E Sellström,   Y Andersson
Published: October 2017

The Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (SMI) and the Swedish Regional Centres for Communicable Disease Control recently completed the investigation of a nationwide outbreak with 51 cases of Salmonella Stanley infection. A matched case-control study (using telephone interviews) was performed that strongly indicated an association between consumption of alfalfa sprouts produced in Sweden and S. Stanley infection (OR 28.6, 95% CI 3.8-216.4).
International outbreak of salmonellosis in a hotel in Lloret de Mar, Spain, August 2007
Authors: El Omeiri N , Puell-Gomez L , Camps N , Follia N , Simón-Soria F , Soler-Crespo P , Martin-Granado A , Echeita-Sarrionandia A , Herrera-Guibert D
Published: October 2017

On 21 August 2007, a hospital in Barcelona, Spain, informed local health authorities in Girona of the occurrence of an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness among three families who had eaten lunch at a hotel in Lloret de Mar on 14 August 2007.
STEC O157 outbreak in the Netherlands, September-October 2007
Authors: Friesema I H , Schimmer B , Stenvers O , Heuvelink A E , de Boer E , van der Zwaluw W  K , de Jager C  M , Notermans D  W , van Ouwerkerk I , de Jonge R , van Pelt W
Published: October 2017

Early in October 2007, an increase in notifications of human cases infected with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 was seen in the Netherlands.
Outbreak of tularaemia in Castilla y León, Spain
Authors: Martin C , Gallardo M T , Mateos L , Vian E , Garcia M J , Ramos J , Berjon A C , del Carmen Vina M , Garcia M P , Yanez J , Gonzalez L C , Munoz T , Allue M ,   C Andres,   C Ruiz,   J Castrodeza
Published: October 2017

In late June 2007, the Epidemiological Surveillance Network in Castilla y León, northern Spain, reported a series of cases in a rural area in the province of Palencia and in the provincial capital city of León, labelled as “fever of unknown origin”. Subsequent epidemiological investigation confirmed an outbreak of tularaemia.
First isolation of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 in Finland
Authors: Lyytikäinen O , Mentula S , Kononen E , Kotila S , Tarkka E , Anttila V J , Mattila E , Kanerva M , Vaara M , Valtonen V
Published: October 2017

On 18 October 2007, the first case of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027-associated disease was detected in Finland.