bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La traduction et l’interprétation au Burkina Faso : pratiques et enjeux
Authors: SANON-OUATTARA Féridjou Emilie Georgette
Published: May 2022

Cet article fait l’état des lieux de la traduction et de l’interprétation au Burkina Faso en se fondant sur une observation personnelle, des interviews, des données existantes dans la littérature, des enquêtes de terrain et sur les conclusions d’un atelier. L’analyse révèle une cohabitation entre les pratiques formelle et informelle de la traduction et de l’interprétation dans l’administration publique comme privée, de même que l’absence de traduction aux conséquences énormes dans des domaines sensibles. L’article souligne néanmoins la complexité de la distinction entre traduction formelle et informelle due à l’absence d’une réglementation conséquente dans ce domaine. Il suggère, pour finir, que plus d’attention soit accordée à la traduction qui doit faire l’objet d’une réglementation plus rigoureuse.
Le rôle de la traduction et de l’interprétation dans le développement de Madagascar
Authors: ANDRIANTSIMAHAVANDY Mino
Published: May 2022

Madagascar est la grande île située au large de la côte sud-est du continent africain. De nombreuses recherches anthropologiques et ethnolinguistiques démontrent les origines diverses de sa population. Bien que ce pays ne possède pas encore à cette date de politique claire de traduction, nous pouvons affirmer le rôle non négligeable que cette dernière a néanmoins joué dans le développement du pays, depuis la fixation de l’écriture malgache en 1823, tout au long des périodes de colonisation et de décolonisation, jusqu’à nos jours. Nous discuterons de la contribution de la traduction et de l’interprétation à l’amélioration des conditions de la vie malgache sous les aspects suivants : littéraire et culturel; religieux; diplomatique, politique, et économique; et enfin scientifique. Cette lacune dans la législation se fait sentir de nos jours par une absence de coordination et, parfois, par un amateurisme à déplorer dans le domaine de la traduction. Le pays gagnerait à formuler et à implémenter une politique traductionnelle dont l’impact concourrait certainement à un développement encore plus poussé dans les domaines sus-cités.
La dynamique de l’interprétation à l’église : les défis de la pratique et les stratégies de professionnalisation sur la base de l’expérience des interprètes en Ouganda
Authors: NATUKUNDA-TOGBOA Edith Ruth
Published: May 2022

L’interprétation de l’église, parfois appelée « traduction de l’église », est une forme d’interprétation consécutive courante dans les églises ougandaises. Même si cela prend du temps et peut entraîner le désengagement de la moitié de l’auditoire, l’interprétation de l’église continue d’être aussi vivante que jamais dans les pays en développement. Alors que son utilisation peut être réduite en Europe occidentale et aux États-Unis où ils se déplacent vers la traduction simultanée, en Afrique et en Asie, la traduction de l’église est préférée à l’option simultanée parce qu’elle est moins chère, elle est moins lourde en termes d’équipement et est plus flexible dans l’espace et le temps. Avec l’émergence de nombreuses églises pentecôtistes au cours des deux dernières décennies en Ouganda, surtout dans la capitale de Kampamla, l’interprétation de l’église est devenue l’un des moyens de communication de base dans les congrégations multiculturelles et multilingues. Les interprètes de l’église ont pratiqué l’interprétation consécutive de façon informelle et sans formation. Compte tenu de l’augmentation du nombre d’églises et de l’importance de ce domaine de compétence linguistique, il est devenu nécessaire d’examiner comment la traduction de l’église est menée et d’évaluer comment elle peut être professionnalisée dans un proche avenir. Cette étude, basée sur l’analyse critique des sermons et des enseignements des pasteur·e·s, a été conçue pour documenter la pratique, identifier les défis et proposer des stratégies pour professionnaliser l’interprétation de l’église.
Les langues nationales dans la formation des traducteurs et traductrices au Cameroun : enjeux et propositions didactiques
Authors: MANIFI ABOUH Maxime Yves Julien
Published: May 2022

Cet article, après avoir exposé les enjeux de la traduction dans les langues nationales au Cameroun, pose les jalons d’une didactique de cette discipline en invitant à la systématisation d’un certain nombre de paramètres liés aux contenus et approches pédagogiques. Il s’ensuit que, bien que la demande de formation en traduction reste portée majoritairement vers les langues internationales (l’anglais, le français, l’allemand, l’espagnol, le chinois, etc.) au Cameroun, le contexte sociopolitique et économique national et international laisse entrevoir un horizon prometteur pour des traducteurs et traductrices formé·e·s dans les langues nationales. Il y a alors intérêt à consolider les pratiques actuelles d’enseignement de la traduction dans les langues nationales, capitalisées par les programmes nationaux de formation en traduction, afin de répondre efficacement aux sollicitations en la matière. Les défis de la didactique de cette discipline, inhérents à la multiplicité des langues nationales peu dotées pour la plupart, peuvent être relevés grâce à la pédagogie hybride.
Traduction et créativité langagière dans la littérature orale eton. Une lecture plurielle de l’épopée Nnomo Ngah’Wono dans ses versions originale et traduite
Authors: ATOUGA Jean Pierre
Published: May 2022

La constitution de la littérature orale africaine en domaine d’étude à part entière a bénéficié de l’apport de la linguistique et de la traductologie. Si les sciences du langage ont rendu possible la transcription et l’analyse totale des textes oraux, la science de la traduction, elle, a contribué au transfert du sens d’une langue à l’autre. Dans cette opération, le traducteur ou la traductrice reste confronté·e aux défis de la restitution des culturèmes et des non-dits. Aussi l’exercice soulève-t-il la question de l’apport de la traduction dans le champ d’études de la littérature orale. Comment le traducteur ou la traductrice déblaye-t-il/elle les arcanes et dénoue-t-il/elle l’enchevêtrement des poétiques orales africaines? L’analyse des stratégies déployées par ce médiateur linguistique amène à observer que la réussite de cette entreprise passe par une créativité langagière. Ici, la pertinence de la skoposthéorie et de la théorie interprétative est mise en évidence.
Texte et contexte à la recherche de la compréhension en traduction littéraire
Authors: AWA Samuel Onyemaechi Orji , CHIMUANYA Ngele
Published: May 2022

En traduction littéraire, le traducteur ou la traductrice établit un lien entre le texte et son contexte dans sa quête du sens. Pour ce faire, il ou elle doit travailler non seulement le texte en tant qu’entité linguistique, mais aussi le contexte situationnel dans l’optique de dégager le vouloir dire de l’auteur. Dans cet article, notre approche théorique privilégie la recherche du sens par le biais de la compréhension du texte dans son rapport au contexte. Étant donné que le message littéraire dont on parle n’est pas issu de la signification linguistique des mots isolés, mais du signifié des mots en usage dynamique, l’approche contextuel du sen s’impose davantage comme une nécessité pour les professionnel·le·s de la traduction. Notre méthodologie s’appuie sur l’explication de la compréhension dans le cadre de la théorie du sens appliquée au domaine littéraire.
E-Interviews by Ngozi Obiajulum Iloh with Tunde Fatunde, author of La Calebasse cassée, and Jamary Matlaselo Molumeli, translator of the English version
Authors: ILOH Ngozi Obiajulum
Published: May 2022

Cette contribution comporte deux e-entretiens menés par Ngozi O. Iloh avec Tunde Fatunde, l’auteur de La Calebasse cassée (2002), et Jamary M. Molumeli qui a traduit l’œuvre littéraire en anglais sous le titre Shattered Calabash (2005). Bien que les deux entretiens aient été menés séparément, ils ont été utiles dans l’évaluation critique de la traduction anglaise de la pièce. Il est donc pertinent de rendre disponibles ces entretiens comme une contribution au concept du lien auteur-traducteur en traductologie. S’il est pertinent d’analyser une œuvre littéraire sans recourir à la fois à l’auteur et au traducteur, les entretiens sont aussi des éléments efficaces pour valoriser la pièce littéraire en raison des informations métalinguistiques acquises lors de l’exercice.
USLOVI ZA PRUŽANjE USLUGA OD STRANE TRENERA PREMA ZAKONU O SPORTU REPUBLIKE SRBIJE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Đurđević Nenad
Published: May 2022

In the professional staff hierarchy performing expert activities in sport, sports coaches are on the number one place forming basic professional staff. Sports coaches play central role in contemporary sports concerning development of every sports branch and their skills are of special importance for all participants in the system of sport. According to the Law on Sport of the Republic of Serbia (2016) sports organisations must have sports coaches engaged in their activities and a coach should provide services to the other participants in the system of sport doing expert coaching work if certain conditions are met under professional and inspection supervision. In his paper, the author deals with legislative solutions on the condition referring to: obligation of the organisation in the area of sport to engage a coach, sports coaching position, working license, professional education, health ability, mandatory insurance, categorisation, prohibition of discrimination and taking part in doping.
MEDIJI I ETIKA U KRIZNIM SITUACIJAMA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Kijevčanin Ružica
Published: May 2022

Good behavior is a dimension unlimited in time and an eternal aspiration of mankind. In every field of life, whether private or professional, people need decent and adequate behavior. The greatest number of postulates should be gained by growing up, but if not, the right will, as a permanent guarantor of a stable and regulated society, offer its rules which are respected twice. Bearing in mind the specific nature of the issues that regulate, sanctions are not only criminal, but also moral, because the person encounters a disqualification and condemnation of the environment. Considering the ethical code of conduct in the media field is a very interesting issue to be devoted to in the next section.
PRETPOSTAVKE ZA POSTUPANjE PO ANTICIPIRANOJ NAREDBI PACIJENTA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Živojinović Dragica
Published: May 2022

Advance directives of patients are binding statement of will where an individual beforehand permits or forbids the application of certain medical procedures which are not imminent at the moment of giving these directives, but are rather given in case of future incapacity for making independent decisions. They constitute the expression of the right to self-determination in relation to one’s own body and the significance of the personal right resorts to in this case calls for the necessity for better regulation of the effects this right entails once it is implemented into legal systems. The subject of this paper is to review which preconditions must be met so that an advance directive can produce legal effects, what requirements constitute each of these prerequisites, as well as the problems and dilemma which may arise in relation to this matter. The author of the paper analyzes the preconditions for legal effects of advance directives from the aspect of contemporary laws which regulate this issue in Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Great Britain, etc. Following the evaluation of these provisions, their advantages and weaknesses, the author presents her suggestions how this matter should be regulated in future Serbian legislation.
Book Review: Moser, K. (2022). Contemporary French Environmental Thought in the Post-COVID-19 Era. Palgrave Macmillan
Authors: Manolescu Dan
Published: May 2022

In the global Covid-19 pandemic aftermath comes Keith Moser’s transdisciplinary project in which the author calls for a reassessment of humanity’s relationship with itself and the surrounding world by resorting to a careful analysis of bioethics. Organized in seven chapters, including an introduction and a conclusion, and using a plethora of fact-based references, the book provides a valuable lesson in the obvious public health crisis that might help us in understanding what science and philosophy could teach us about our place in the biosphere. To do so, the author of Contemporary French Environmental Thought in the Post-Covid-19 Era draws on ecological theories developed in conjunction with biosemiotics principles purported by the French philosophers Michel Serres, Edgar Morin, Jacques Derrida, Dominic Lestel, and Michel Onfray. The obvious purpose of the book, based on the human understanding of the communication (i.e., semiosis) throughout the universe, is to make us aware of the possible future pandemics and, at the same time, provide a unique biosemiotic perspective of the world.
knowledge and attitude of Iraqi women in reproductive age group about risk factors in pregnancy
Authors: Thamer Yahyaa Badeaa , Ali Altaha Mahasin , Abdulhadi Al-Rawi Ru’ya , Ali Mustafa Al-Samarrai Mustafa , Ali Jadoo Saad Ahmed
Published: May 2022

Improved knowledge among women about maternal risk factors significantly reduced the likelihood of adverse events in pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to explore Iraqi women's knowledge and attitudes about maternal risk factors in pregnancy. A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from 01 January to 31 March 2019 among women of the reproductive age (15-49 years). A convenient sampling technique using a semi-structured questionnaire was recruited to interview the sample. SPSS version 16.0 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test) were used to present data with the significance level considered at <0.05. Data of 250 women underwent final analysis. The mean age of respondents was 27.76 (±6.3 years). Most of the respondents (79.9%) correctly knew the maternal risk factors in pregnancy. A large percentage of women knew that poor nutrition, anemia (95.6%), smoking and passive smoke (95.6%), and obesity (85.2%) during pregnancy are risk factors affecting the fetus’ health. However, about 40.0% of women thought there was no harm during pregnancy, and therefore there was no need for medical check-ups regularly. In bivariate analysis, there was a significant association between knowledge and level of education. The higher the level of education, the greater the women's knowledge about risk factors such as malnutrition and anemia (P=<0.001), obesity (P=0.04), diabetes (P=0.002), repeated urinary tract infection (P=0.017), Rh incompatibility (<0.001), history of previous cesarean section (P=0.010), smoking and passive smoking (P=0.014) and evidence of bleeding (P=0.001). In conclusion, Iraqi pregnant women demonstrated a good level of knowledge about the risk factors during the pregnancy.
Peacebuilding and Social Work: The Narratives of Community Organizers in Conflict-Affected Areas in Maguindanao
Authors: Mamucao Princess Sheryn
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the challenges experienced by the social workers as community organizers in peacebuilding-related community organizing in armed conflict-affected areas in Maguindanao. It sought to know the peacebuilding initiatives of the community organizers in community organizing and the experiences encountered by the community organizers in peacebuilding–related community organizing and in working with conflict-affected areas. Phenomenological method of qualitative research was used. The participants were community organizers working in Community and Family Services International (CFSI) and Ministry of Social Services and Development (MSSD) - Maguindanao. Purposive sampling was used in identifying the target participants. Findings show that community organizing contributes to promoting peacebuilding in the conflict-affected areas through the programs and services being implemented by the community organizers by conducting Family Development Sessions which fosters family development, promotes healthy family life, responsible parenthood, parent effectiveness, cultural solidarity, and environmental awareness. Peacebuilding does not only revolve around initiatives at the macro level but starting in advocacy in responsible parenthood and parent effectiveness could lead to the prevention of peace-related issues and community problems. It is concluded that the participation of the people is the major challenge encountered by the community organizers. The peace and order situation of the community is also vital in the successful flow of the community organizing process.

KEYWORDS

Peacebuilding, Social Work, Community Organizing, Community Organizer, Conflict-affected areas
The Marriage Innovation Practices of the Bangsamoro: The Maguindanao Cases
Authors: Mantawil Abdulmaula U.
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the Marriage Innovative Practices of the Maguindanaon in the Municipality of Datu Piang, Province of Maguindanao. The study focused on the Personal Profile of the respondents in terms of age, Sex, Civil Status, Educational Attainment both Secular and Islamic Education, the essential requisite in Muslim marriage in terms of Age, Offer (Ijab) and Acceptance (Qabul), Solemnization and Dowry, the Innovative marriage practices of the Maguindanaon in the Municipality of Datu Piang Province of Maguindanao in terms of Marriage Negotiation, Preparation for the Wedding Ceremony, Wedding Ceremony and Entertainment, the problems encountered in the innovation of marriage practices vis-à-vis marriage in Islam, the practices on marriage system can be drawn from this study that is acceptable to the Maguindanao culture and Islam. The study utilized the descriptive design and qualitative approach in the interpretation of the data. Through this method, the respondents were able to describe the innovative marriage practices of the Maguindanaon in Datu Piang, Maguindanao. The findings of the study revealed that Sixty five (65%) of respondents are male, while the remaining thirty five (35%) were female. All of them are residence of the Municipality of Datu Piang, Maguindanao. The age bracket 30 – 39 and 40 – 49 were the same frequency rated 30%. This was followed by age bracket 25 – 29 with a frequency of 20% followed by age brackets 50 – 59 with a frequency of 15%. While the age bracket 60 above were only 5% and nobody answered that they were below 25. Out of 100% respondents only 26% of the respondents were single while 75% of them were married. Only 20% of the respondents finished there tertiary education while the 60% of them finished their Kulliyyah in Islamic Education.
Income And Welfare Analysis of Rubber Farmers of Sarolangun Regency Jambi - Indonesia
Authors: Nainggolan Saidin , Fitri Yanuar , Hutasoit Vijai
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze the income  and welfare of rubber farmers. The research was conducted in the rubber production center of Sarolangun Regency with pauh subdistrict research locus, with sample villages of Karang Mendapo Village, Pauh Village and Semaran Village. The data usedn is primary data obtained by interview method using questionnaires.  Sample withdrawal  using  Simple Random Sampling  Metohd. The technique  of determining the sample size  uses the  Slovinmethod. The sample size is 57  farmers. The research period is July - August 2021. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis, contingency tables and  chi-square tests  (x^₂). The results  showed that most farmers have below average incomes. The main source of income for farmers comes from rubber farming. Rubber farmers' income groups are in the low to moderate category. The proportion of farmers' consumption expenditure is greater on food consumption (rice, side dishes), the proportion for non-food consumption is mostly for clothing. The welfare of farmers is in the low category.  Differences in farmers' incomes cause significant differences in farmers' well-being. The degree of contingency of income on the welfare of farmers is in the moderate category. While the degree of income relationship of farmers with the welfare of farmers is positive and significant.
Situation of Professional Development via Self-Directed Learning of Social Work Students in Hanoi National University of Education
Authors:   Hanoi National University of Education, Linh Pham Ha
Published: May 2022

This article focuses on the current situation of professional development (PD) capacity through self-directed learning (including knowledge, awareness, intervention skills, professional attitudes) of social work students in Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE). To achieve this goal, we conducted a random survey of 135 students by observation methods, and questionnaires. Self-directed learning (SDL) is one effective tool to enhance professional learning (which is a key component of professional development, in addition to professional identity and professional practice) because it oriented a process for students to achieve the desired results. Research results show that students’ awareness, attitudes, and skills of professional development via self-directed learning are weak. Students are not aware of and understand how to develop their profession. The activities they did are just according to their intuition and do not have the necessary skills for PD. This leads to the recommendation for an educational group social work. This suggested group work aims to enhance awareness, attitudes, and skills of professional development through SDL of Social Work students in HNUE by providing knowledge, skills, and the way how to apply them to actual activities, promoting the capacity of the individual.
Rationing of Tire Mileage In The Operating Conditions of The Kalmakyr Quarry
Authors:   PhD, docent, Tashkent State Transport University Sergeli district, Quylyuk massif 5-21-68. 100198, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, YUSUPOV Umidbek
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of the road studies of the wear resistance of the tire size 33.00.51 in the Kalmakyr quarry. It is established that the predicted norm of the operational mileage of the tire was 30500 km (Belshina). On Kalmakyr, BelAZ-75131 dump trucks deliver cargo at the Overburden Quarry and the Central One, carrying out lifting, which averages about 60% of the length of the entire route. Based on the analysis of the characteristic causes of premature decommissioning of 23% of controlled oversized tires (ОT), it is shown that all of them failed due to cuts and punctures of the tread or side walls. It was revealed that radial tires 33.00R51 VRLS, "BRIDGESTONE" are much more resistant to cuts: on average, their cuts occur after a run of 40000km.
Archaeological Research is an Important Source in The Study of Traditional Economic Activities of The Uzbek People (On The Example of Some Researchers of The Twentieth Century)
Authors:   Assistant professor,Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies Uzbekistan, Odilov Bobir
Published: May 2022

This article discusses archeological research as an important source (on the example of some researchers of the twentieth century) in the study of traditional economic activities of the Uzbek people. Historical analysis has shown that some of the scientific works of that period were dominated by the research of historical archeology of the former Soviet period and the influence of history on the idea that the economy of the ancient peoples of Central Asia, especially the Uzbeks, was formed mainly nomadic. This is because the diversity of views and sometimes unscientific notions on the way of life of the peoples of Central Asia, which still persist in science, are sometimes linked to the fact that the economy of the Uzbek people has long been associated with the territories inhabited and now occupied by oases and valleys.
Best Practices in Implementing Modular Distance Learning to Indigenous People (IP) Students in Olongapo City
Authors:   Kalalake National High School, Schools Division Office of Olongapo City, Zambales, Philippines, Seridon Merlyn M
Published: May 2022

This study explored the best practices employed by the teacher-respondents’ strategies in implementing Modular Distance Learning to IP students amidst COVID-19 pandemic. It was conducted among Junior High School Teacher of Olongapo City that has Indigenous People (IP) students, Department of Education, Division of Olongapo during the first quarter of the school year of 2021-2022. The study utilized a descriptive quantitative research design, survey questionnaire as research instrument, and descriptive and inferential statistics for analysis of data. The researcher concluded that the teacher-respondent are female in their adulthood stage with a teaching position of Teacher I and the highest educational attainment of having units in master’s degree. The teacher-respondents always employed best practices in implementing modular distance learning to IP students in terms of assessment and instructional delivery, they often employed best practices in terms of module development and distribution and retrieval of modules. There was a significant difference in the best practices employed in terms of module development in implementing module distance learning to IP students when respondents grouped according to age and higher education attainment; in terms of distribution and retrieval and assessment when grouped according to age, teaching position and highest educational attainment; there was a significant difference in the best practices employed in terms of instructional delivery when grouped according to teaching position.
Validation of modified Children’s Health Survey for Asthma (CHSA) Questionnaire for the Sri Lankan setting
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka, AIP Samarasinghe
Published: May 2022

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the childhood in developing and developed countries. Health related quality of life has become essential part of health outcome measurement in chronic disorders. The present study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of western developed scale for use in Sri Lankan children and their care givers. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study for validation of the western developed CHSA questionnaire. Study population was 100 children who was diagnosed as having asthma. Factor analysis of the data in the present study identified seven relevant factors. Two separate factors each were extracted for physical health (child) domain and emotional health (family) domain. Two separate factors each were extracted for physical health (child) domain and emotional health (family) domain. Cronbach alpha of above 0.7 for all domains indicate the internal consistency of the measure.
Populism and its Economic Impact: What Does the Evidence Say?
Authors:   Masters in International Development, King’s College London, Bachelors in Economic, Lady Shri Ram College, University of Delhi, Singh Tanya
Published: May 2022

Populism is an essentially contested phenomenon due to its complex nature. Even more difficult is to study its economic consequences. This paper aims to study populism as an economic phenomenon by reviewing literature devoted to studying its economic impacts. The paper starts with a brief overview of the concept of populism and its history. Further, it delves into economic literature that has so far tried to study its empirical effects on economies around the world. The paper seeks to investigate whether the long-held conceptions of economic theory are corroborated by empirical evidence or not.n act of redemption, but his sacrificial death is far from being suicidal because he did not allow the powers of temptations to lead him astray.
Needs Analysis of Wasaka Character Assessment Instruments (Religious&Hard Work) in Learning in Elementary Schools
Authors:   PGSD Study Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, General Education and Character and Character Education Study Program, Indonesian Education University, Annisa Muhsinah
Published: May 2022

Character in education has become the focus of discussion at school and home, even in social settings. Character is the key to individual goals. Therefore, when children face competition with colleagues from various countries around the world, the quality of human resources in the future will undoubtedly require good character s. This research was conducted to determine the need for wasaka character assessment instruments (religious, hard work) during learning in elementary schools. Descriptive qualitative research was used as a method in this research. Interviews, observations, and document analysis were used to collect data. The purpose of the study was to analyze the need to develop a character assessment instrument for elementary school students. The subject of this research is the classroom teacher. Research data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires/questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is triangulation. The results showed that the analysis of the need for wasaka character assessment instruments (religious, hard work) in learning in elementary schools found findings on the development of assessment instruments that were expected to make it easier for users to assess wasaka character (religious, hard work) in learning in elementary schools needed. The design of the development of the Wasaka character assessment instrument is sought to improve students' self-development and can measure the Wasaka character of the students.
Experience and Advantages of Developed Foreign Countries in the Legal Regulation of Leave
Authors:   University of Public Safety, Madrakhimova Guljahon R
Published: May 2022

This article examines the experience and legislation of developed countries in regulating the rights and interests of employees in the use of leave, analyzes the problematic aspects of the application of national legislation in this area and makes recommendations for their elimination.
The Role of Management and Effective Management in Industrial Enterprises and Corporate Governance
Authors:   Master student, Namangan Engineering–Technological Institute, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Nabiev Bobur Mukhammadkosimogli
Published: May 2022

The development of the country’s economy and the successful implementation of the established plans require the coordination of enterprises and the proper management of healthy competition. Obstacles and problems that arise in the successful operation of organizations need to be addressed promptly.
PENERAPAN MODEL SOLE BERBANTUAN WHATSAPP DAN PROJECT WORK PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: MUHTAR MUHTAR
Published: May 2022

The covid-19 pandemic has an impact on face-to-face learning in class to learning from home using online and/or offline methods. The research aims to determine the implementation of learning through WhatsApp media, apply the SOLE (self organized learning environment) methode in learning and carry out learning with project work in class X SMKN 6 Palu. Primary data were obtained from students' responses through written tests and secondary data from online and offline assignment portfolios. Activities using WhatsApp media include group division, task information, disciussions, tecnical guidance/steps for completing tasks and sharing relevant learning resource links, the SOLE model is implemented by implementing stimulation question steps, group division, investigation, monitoring, presentation, and evaluation/reflection. Offline learning with projects following preparation, implementation, and results. The results show that the application of the SOLE model assisted by WhatsApp media encourages students to learn actively so that learning objectives are achieved, SOLE models develop higher-order thinking, task completion strategis, and dept of learner knowledge and project learning, enhancing discipline, coorporation, responsibility, and performance aspects of learners.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN MODUL “TAPIS” PADA PELAJARAN KETRAMPILAN PEMBUATAN SUVENIR BAGI SISWA TUNARUNGU
Authors: Rusnaili Rusnaili
Published: May 2022

Education level in SMALB aims to prepare deaf students to challenges after graduating from school. One of the skills that deaf students is souvenir skills. In the SLB N Metro, the source book or special module for souvenir skills is not yet available. To make it easier for students to make souvenirs and understanding steps of the activities, they can use module. The purpose of this study was to determine the entrepreneurial abilities of deaf students of class XII SMALB, arranging a draft of the Tapis module, determine the results of module validation and responses to modules from students. The method in this research is descriptive research and development approach. The research stage is preliminary, development and testing. The research informants were three students and five validators. The data collection techniques used observation, interview and documentation. The research results obtained data from the entrepreneurial abilities of deaf students after using the module has increased of the score. The initial draft of the module consists of 4 chapters, after being validated the module is revised into 3 chapters and changes more interest title. The students' responses included easy to read modules, attractive pictures, make it easier to make souvenir brooches. The skilled “TAPIS” module for making innovative souvenirs was successfully developed using good validation results and the module user responses could understand the contents of the module.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP BUILDING BERBASIS INSTAGRAM SOLUSI PEMBELAJARAN KREATIF DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sulistyorini Dwi Ermavianti Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Guru dan siswa dihadapkan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh, mata pelajaran produktif merupakan pembelajaran praktik yang membuat guru harus berpikir kreatif agar siswa tetap dapat melaksanakannya di rumah. Kesulitan yang dialami selama kegiatan belajar secara daring ini antara lain; 1) pembelajaran praktik Produk Kreatif dan Kewirausahaan terkendala daring; 2) siswa sering terkendala kuota dan sinyal; 3) tidak semua media sosial dapat memuat video/ gambar interaktif yang dapat merekam kegiatan yang dilakukan siswa; 4) pengumpulan tugas siswa tidak tepat waktu. Solusi pembelajaran yang dilakukan guru yakni dengan mengimplementasikan model pembelajaran blended learning berbasis Instagram pada siswa kelas XII Tata Kecantikan 2 sebanyak 27 orang. Model blended learning adalah pembelajaran yang menggabungkan berbagai teknologi berbasis web untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, atau kombinasi dari tatap muka dengan kelas online. Dalam pelaksanaannya guru menggunakan media sosial sebagai penunjang pembelajaran yakni Instagram. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan ini munculnya dampak positif pada siswa yakni menjadi lebih bertanggung  jawab  dan  disiplin  (entrepreneurship) dalam  mengikuti  pembelajaran  secara online maupun offline. Pembelajaran  praktik dapat disolusikan dengan praktik di rumah dan dipresentasikan melalui live streaming Instagram, sedangkan efektivitas yang muncul adalah; 1)  sebanyak 70% siswa merasa senang karena dapat menjadi solusi praktik di rumah yang diawasi oleh guru secara daring; 2) munculnya rasa tanggung jawab siswa terhadap jadwal praktik yang telah disusun tanpa diperintah atau dipaksa; 3) munculnya rasa mandiri atas pekerjaan atau tindakan praktik yang dilakukan secara daring; 4) pengumpulan tugas siswa yang tepat waktu secara luring.
Notes: The legitimacy of the South African Consumer Goods and Services Ombud’s Code of Conduct: An analysis of Consumer Goods and Services Ombud NPC v Voltex (Pty) Ltd
Authors: Scott Tshepiso , van Dyk Obakeng
Published: May 2022

Alternative dispute resolution is one of the mechanisms envisaged by the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 to provide consumers with access to cost-effective and speedy redress of consumer disputes. Accredited industry ombuds are one of the fora that give effect to this purpose. However, industry participants are not always willing participants, and may wish to challenge the legitimacy of such fora, particularly where the relevant forum is funded by these industry participants. This makes it challenging to give effect to the provisions of any applicable codes of conduct, and also frustrates the consumer’s pursuit for redress. These issues came to the fore in Consumer Goods and Services Ombud NPC v Voltex (Pty) Ltd [2021] ZAGPPHC 309. In this matter, the Consumer Goods and Services Ombud sought a declaratory order from the court, confirming that its code of conduct was legitimate. The judgment is significant as it has an impact on the enforcement of consumer rights by this ombud, and has wider implications for other current and future accredited industry ombuds.
CORRESPONDENCE: Cricket pitches on the Rondebosch Common
Authors: Krige Joel
Published: May 2022

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Notes: Introducing feminist legal theory as a basis for South African judicial jurisprudence: Insights from S v Tshabalala
Authors: Matlala Rorisang
Published: May 2022

In S v Tshabalala, the Constitutional Court considered an appeal about whether accused persons who were present at a rape scene, but who did not participate in the crime and who neither aided nor abetted the perpetrators, could be found guilty of rape. The court decided this question in the affirmative by developing the commonlaw doctrine of common purpose and extending its application to rape cases. The court said that it did so to remove obstacles caused by patriarchal elements of the common law found in criminal law. The most interesting aspect of the judgment is that the court used feminism as a starting point for understanding the plight of women in rape cases. It affirmed its solidarity with women facing sexual violence and introduced feminist legal theory as a viable jurisprudential consideration in the adjudication of sexual crimes. This note considers the judgment and its implications for South Africa.
Notes: Commodus usus, exclusive trade rights and public policy in lease: Masstores (Pty) Ltd v Pick ’n Pay Retailers (Pty) Ltd
Authors: September-Van Huffel Anthea-lee
Published: May 2022

In Masstores (Pty) Ltd v Pick ’n Pay Retailers (Pty) Ltd 2017 (1) SA 613 (CC) the Constitutional Court found that the personal right of exclusive trade in the lease contract was contrary to public policy and not worthy of protection. To do so, the court relied on the ‘competition principle’ — that the competitor who delivers the best or fairest (most reasonable) performance must achieve victory, while the one rendering the weakest (worst) performance must suffer defeat. The court was of the view that, as a general proposition, third parties have no legal duty not to infringe contractually derived exclusive rights to trade. According to the majority, exclusive trading rights make the competitive field uneven. The court emphasised that the boni mores must be understood in terms of the values of the Constitution, and that the values contained in the Bill of Rights are a crucial tool in the development of the common law. Although the majority judgment focused on the delict of unlawful third-party interference in a contractual relationship and the nature of interdicts, the judgment relates also to the question of the personal right to commodus usus in a lease contract, and the remedies available to vindicate this right. The intersection of these issues is investigated in this note.
‘I beg to differ’: Are our courts too agreeable?
Authors: Rogers Owen
Published: May 2022

If dissenting judgments perform a valuable function in the administration of justice, too little dissent may indicate that the administration of justice is not reaping the benefits of dissent. South Africa belongs to the common-law tradition, which has always allowed dissenting judgments. The civil-law system traditionally did not, and this is still the position in many countries. In the modern era, considerations of transparency and accountability favour the disclosure and publication of dissenting judgments. Although they can play a role in the development of the law, their most valuable function is to improve the quality of judicial output by requiring majority judgments to confront the dissenting judgments’ reasoning. Factors which may affect the extent of dissent in appellate courts include case complexity and control over rolls; panel sizes; judicial diversity, personality and turnover; court leadership; research resources; modes of judicial interaction; and protocols on the timeliness of judgments. Data on dissent in South Africa’s Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Appeal and Labour Appeal Court, as well as in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and the United States, suggest that there is less dissent in our intermediate appellate courts than might be expected. Changes in work procedures could yield a healthier pattern.
The rights of municipalities under section 118 of the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act in the case of land expropriation
Authors: Gladwin-Wood Chantelle , Brits Reghard
Published: May 2022

This article analyses the impact of s 118 of the Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000 on the rights of a municipality when land in its jurisdiction is expropriated. First, the municipality’s right under s 118(1) to embargo the transfer of a property, until it has been paid all amounts owing for the two years prior to transfer, might be undermined by a literal interpretation of the provisions of the Expropriation Act 63 of 1975 in so far as the Act provides that the expropriating authority ‘may’ (not must) pay the amounts due to the municipality concerned. We argue that a broader and more purposeful interpretation of not only the Expropriation Act but also the Expropriation Bill B23-2020 ought to be adopted, in order to assist municipalities in collecting debts owed to them. Secondly, we argue that a municipality’s security right under s 118(3) constitutes an unregistered right in land and, although the right is not protected under the current Expropriation Act, it will be protected if the provisions of the Expropriation Bill come into force, with the result that even if nil compensation is payable to the expropriated owner, the expropriating authority ought to compensate the municipality.
Clearing the CRISPR patent landscape: Towards a solution for South Africa
Authors: Naidoo Meshandren , Thaldar Donrich W
Published: May 2022

Patenting activity regarding new CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) genome editing technology has mushroomed to create a vast and complex patent landscape. However, because of South Africa’s current depository patent system, the South African CRISPR patent landscape contains foundational patents with overlapping claims, as highlighted by the ongoing litigation in the United States between the Broad Institute and the University of California. Both these parties were granted four patents in South Africa. Also, the South African landscape may contain multiple low-quality patents that have the potential to obstruct scientific research in South Africa. The solution in the South African context is threefold, but requires that the Intellectual Property Policy of South Africa: Phase I must first be operationalised to: (a) prioritise CRISPR patent applications for formal examination and substantive search and examination; (b) provide sufficient resources for extracurial patent opposition proceedings regarding all CRISPR patent applications and granted patents; and (c) create certainty by developing an obviousness standard with well-defined parameters. Although CRISPR is not yet advanced enough to fall within the class of life-saving technologies in the short-term, CRISPR may become critical in the treatment and eradication of priority diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis. Accordingly, prioritising CRISPR-related patent applications serves the public interest in access to healthcare. By using (a), (b) and (c) in tandem, a triple layer of mechanisms will counter the problems of overlapping claims and of lowquality patents, and hence remove these potential obstructions to CRISPR research in South Africa.
Civil prospectus liability under the laws of Germany and South Africa
Authors: Schmidt Damian
Published: May 2022

Civil prospectus liability is the liability for a prospectus which is published in the context of issued securities on the primary market. Both the German and South African legal systems protect investors who are induced into investing by incorrect prospectuses. Chapter 4 of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 contains rules, in s 104 and s 105, which set out the prospectus liability of directors, experts, and others. German law provides comparable provisions. The differences between the two systems become apparent in the detail. South Africa’s statutory prospectus liability clearly sets out the liability of experts and focuses mainly on the personal liability of directors. The German law has traditionally referred to unwritten legal principles in respect of experts. What both legal systems have in common is that the mutual interests of potential plaintiffs and defendants are not exclusively regulated by statute law, and that both pursue a balanced form of investor protection. This article aims to contribute to the future harmonisation of both legal systems in order to facilitate cross-border investments.
Book Review: Joseph W Dellapenna & Joyeeta Gupta (eds) Water Law (2021)
Authors: Viljoen Germarié
Published: May 2022

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Higher physical activity levels reflect better lifestyle behaviours amongst white collar workers: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Karavelioglu Burçin , Soykut Günsu , İnanç Gonca , Öniz Adile
Published: May 2022

Objective: To examine the relationship between physical activity level and healthy lifestyle behaviours of white-collar workers.

Materials and Methods: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to determine the level of physical activity, and the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Scale-II (HLBS-II) was used to evaluate the lifestyle behaviours. The researchers recorded anthropometric measurements of the participants via face-to-face method and questionnaires were implemented via online forms. Statistical analysis of the study was performed with the IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0 program. Descriptive analysis was done, and all the data were presented as means and (±) standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: In total, 229 (mean age: 35.75, 158 female) white-collar workers participated in the study. 90.4% of the participants had either undergraduate or postgraduate degrees. 55.5% of the participants were found to be inactive as stated by the IPAQ-SF scores. According to HLBS-II results, active participants had significantly higher exercise, nutrition, and stress management sub-scale scores (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between self-actualization, interpersonal relationship, and health responsibility scores of active and inactive participants (p>0.05). Overall, active participants with normal BMI had significantly higher HLBS-II scores than overweight and obese participants (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Our study shows a positive relationship between physical activity levels and healthy lifestyle behaviours in office work. In order to increase the quality of life of white-collar workers, changing their behaviours such as physical inactivity and unhealthy diet through education intervention on healthy lifestyle holds a vital place.