bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pt-TiO2 Nanocomposites in Alginate for Enhancing Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wang Yun Run
Published: June 2014

A new sol-gel method was employed to synthesize Pt-containing titania composite with varied dopant concentrations using alginate as an template for preventing inorganic materials conglomeration. During the calcination process, the Pt nanoparticles, which had been loaded in alginate porous networks, were doped into the titania system. The morphology and crystallization behavior of titania were characterized. HAAD-STEM image and EDX spectroscopy of Pt/TiO2 composites confirmed that Pt was well embodied into the TiO2 mesoporous network. The UV-vis diffuse reflection spectra at room temperature shown that the Pt/TiO2 composite exhibited a marked visible light adsorption compared with a pure TiO2 sample. The photocatalytic activities were tested using phenol as the model compound, and the results demonstrated that higher photocatalytic activity was observed at higher levels of Pt added to the titania system. The optimum dopant concentration was found to be 0.37 mol % for Pt/TiO2 sample.
Preparation of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Magnetic Nanoparticles and Separation of Chinese Medicines Components
Authors: Xie Yi Hui , Zhang Yu Tian , Huang Xiu Zhen , Ding Yan Hua , Huang Li Ping
Published: June 2014

Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation method. Microwave synthesis method changed the property of the surface of chitosan, and the carboxymethyl chitosan was prepared. The carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanoparticle was prepared by microwave synthesis. Carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by IR and SEM methods. The application conditions are discussed. Using this material to separate the alkaloid of Evodia rutaecarpa will greatly shorten the time than traditional separation method. The components will be more pure.
The Improvement of Pd Nanoclusters Electro-Catalytic Properties for FAO by the Addition of Co Element
Authors: Lei Meng , Wang Lai Sen , Liu Xiao Long , Wang Jun Bao , Xu Rui , Lei Cai Xia , Yue Guang Hui , Chen Y. , Peng Dong Liang
Published: June 2014

Near-monodisperse Pd and PdCo nanoclusters were synthesized by physical vapor deposition using a plasma-gas-condensation cluster deposition system and tested for catalyzing formic acid oxidation. Under the condition of high vacuum and inert gas, NCs with clean surface and uniform size were obtained. The cyclic voltammetry tests revealed that the electrochemical surface area was increased from 49.7 m2 g-1 to 51.7 m2 g-1 and the peak current density of catalyzing FAO was raised from 0.115 mA cm-2 to 0.125 mA cm-2 when about 12wt. % Co element was added. Additionally, the tolerance to CO poisoning of Pd could also be improved by the addition of Co. The result indicated that this method offered a chemical-free way to prepare clean and efficient Pd-based nanoscale catalytics and encouraged deeper exploration for electrochemichal catalytic reactions.
Controlled Synthesis of Core-Shell Structure SiO2 /NaGdF4:Eu3+ Magnetic and Optical Bifunctional Composite
Authors: Wu Yan Li , Liao Min , Ding Hai Xin , Yang Ru Chun , Xiong Dan Dan , Xiao Qiang
Published: June 2014

The SiO2/NaGdF4:Eu3+ core/shell composite was prepared by a template-mediated method, making monodispersed SiO2 as core and NaGdF4:Eu colloids as shell, the morphology and the core-shell structure of the resulting particles were analyzed by SEM,X-ray diffraction, and the photo-luminescence and magnetic properties of the microspheres were investigated too. The results shows the composite have great potential to be used as homogeneous magnetic/optical bifunctional material.
Electrochemical Properties of Graphene Nanosheet/Polyaniline Nanocomposite as Electrode for Supercapacitors
Authors: Yao Ran Ran , Yao Ning Na , Zhao Dong Lin , Xu Li
Published: June 2014

A graphene nanosheet/polyaniline (GNS/PANI) nanocomposite was synthesized using in situ polymerization. The morphology and microstructure of GNS/PANI nanocomposite were examined by transition electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical properties were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge. GNS as a support material could provide more active sites for nucleation of PANI as well as excellent electron transfer path. The GNS was homogeneously coated on both surfaces with PANI, and a high specific capacitance of 331 F g-1 was obtained at a current load of 0.02 A g-1. The kinetics properties of GNS/PANI electrodes were investigated by AC impedance measurements. GNS/PANI electrode exhibited higher electrochemical activity and more favorable kinetic properties during charge and discharge process.
Preparation and Characterization of Magnesium Oxide Aerogels
Authors: Wu Jia Wen , Yao Lan Fang , Shen Jun , Zu Guo Qing , Wang Fang
Published: June 2014

Magnesium-based aerogels were prepared by sol-gel technology and drying with supercritical fluid dry process in 245°C. The structure and properties of the magnesium-based aerogels were featured by TEM, XRD and BET. The densities of the prepared samples were about 0.34~0.59 g/m3. The results show that the MgO aerogel has a high surface area.
Enhanced Field Emission Characteristics of ZnS Dentalation Nanostructures
Authors: Qi Jun Jie , Deng Zhan Qiang , Wu Zhao , Zhang Yue
Published: June 2014

Large quantities of ZnS dentalation nanostructures were synthesized successfully at low temperature using a simple chemical vapor deposition method, and the microstructures and field emission properties of the dentalation structures were investigated. The results indicated that the stem of the dentalation structures is single-crystalline but the surfaces of the teeth are amorphous. The photoluminescence properties show a strong green emission at 520.89 nm due to S vacancy. Investigations on the field emission properties of the ZnS dentalation nanostructures imply that the turn-on field is about 5.56V/μm at an anode-cathode distance of 150μm, which should be attributed to the specific sharp tips and high aspect ratios of the present needle-shaped structure. The field emission behavior of the ZnS obeys Fowler-Nordheim relationship. The results could be valuable for using the ZnS nanostructure as cold-cathode field-emission materials.
Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene-Graft-Cardanol by Reactive Extrusion
Authors: Chen Qin Hui , Lin Jin Huo
Published: June 2014

The polypropylene-graft-cardanol (CAPP) was prepared by reactive extrusion with polypropylene (PP) and natural renewable cardanol which could improve the inherent defects of PP such as chemical inertness and hydrophobicity. Moreover, the cardanol grafted onto PP could resolve the degradation of PP during the process of reactive extrusion. In this paper, CAPP was prepared in the presence of three different kinds initiator. The compatibilization and the anti-aging performance of cardanol grafted onto PP were studied. Results showed that the initiator dicumyl peroxide (DCP) exhibited the optimum initiated efficiency. Cardanol grafted onto PP was benificial for the composite of bamboo powder and PP.The initiator of DCP caused the degradation of PP chains during the aging processing. After aged for 24 h, the yield strength decreased from 28 MPa to 15 MPa and the elongation at break reduced by 795 %. The CAPP possessed outstanding anti-aging performance owing to the cross-linking and entanglement of the side chains of cardanol grafted onto PP. The yield strength, tensile strength and the elongation at break of CAPP-DCP changed lightly even when it was in long-term irradiation for 480 h.
Effect of Grain Size on the Fracture Toughness of Bimodal Nanocrystalline Materials
Authors: Liu Ying Guang , Mi Xiao Dong , Tian Song Feng
Published: June 2014

To research the effect of grain size on the fracture toughness of bimodal nanocrystalline (BNC) materials which are composed of nanocrystalline (NC) matrix and coarse grains, we have developed a theoretical model to study the critical stress intensity factor (which characterizes toughness) of BNC materials by considering a typical case where crack lies at the interface of two neighboring NC grains and the crack tip intersect at the grain boundary of the coarse grain, the cohesive zone size is assumed to be equal to the grain size d of the NC matrix. Blunting and propagating processes of the crack is controlled by a combined effect of dislocation and cohesive zone. Edge dislocations emit from the cohesive crack tip and make a shielding effect on the crack. It was found that the critical stress intensity factor increases with the increasing of grain size d of the NC matrix as well as the coarse grain size D. Moreover, the fracture toughness is relatively more sensitive to the coarse grain size rather than that of NC matrix.
Particle Swarm Optimization Technique for DNA Sensor Model Based Nanostructured Graphene
Authors: Popov Vladimir
Published: June 2014

DNA biosensors has received significant attention. In particular, we can mention the model of a graphene-based DNA sensor which is used for electrical detection of DNA molecules. In this paper, we consider a method of selection of PSO parameters for optimization of the analytical model of a graphene-based DNA sensor. In particular, we consider genetic algorithms, multilayer perceptron networks with gradient learning algorithm, recurrent neural networks with gradient learning algorithm, and 4-order Runge Kutta neural networks with different learning algorithms. Also, we present experimental results for different intelligent algorithms.
Preparation and Mechanics Properties of the EP/SiO2 Nanocomposites
Authors: Zeng Wen Fu , Jiang Yong , Bu Shao Fen , Ding Yan Huai , Yin Jiu Ren
Published: June 2014

The EP/SiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by using epoxy resin as matrix, nanoSiO2 as the modifier, polyamide as curing agent. The surface morphology of nanoSiO2 was observed,the average particle diameter of nanoSiO2 is 20nm. Their mechanics properties were studied and the experiment results were analyzed. The results indicated that the compressive stress-strain curves of the nanocomposites had obvious three phases characters, i.e., linear elastic phase, plastic yield flat phase and compact phase. Along with the nanograins content of the nanocomposites increasing, the compressive elastic modulus and compressive strength of the nanocomposites augmented. When the nanograins content is 5% and the transfiguration speed is 10mm/min, the compressive elastic modulus and compressive strength of the nanocomposites respectively improved 22.7% and 35.2% comparing with their of the pure epoxy resin. At the same nanograins content, with the transfiguration speed increasing, their compressive strength added.
Analysis and Experiment of Compressive Residual Strength of Composite Laminates with Holes
Authors: Kong Xiang Hong , Wang Zhi Jin
Published: June 2014

Experiment and Finite element analysis were used to study the strengths of composite laminates with and without holes. Finite element progressive damage analysis with Tsai-Wu criteria was applied to calculate the compressive residual strength of composite laminate. Abaqus and its user subroutine USDFLD were used for the finite element analysis. Tsai-Wu criteria as the failure criteria was realized in USDFLD as a Fortran program segment, and the stiffness degradation for the damaged elements was also realized by USDFLD. Analytic results gotten by progressive damage method were very close to the experimental results.
Microstructures of ZnO Electrospun Nanofibers on AZO Glass
Authors: Lu Xin Zhen , Chang Yan Yan , Xu Ming Tao , Peng Bo
Published: June 2014

ZnO electrospun nanofibers were considered to be potential novel materials in applications of photovoltaic devices and sensors. AZO glass was usually used in those devices as transparent electrodes. ZnO nanofibers on AZO glass were synthesized by electrospinning and calcination process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum was employed to investigate the morphology, structure and optical performance of ZnO nanofibers. Network structure composed of sheet ZnO was observed. Raman spectra and PL spectrum indicated the existence of defect states in the ZnO nanofibers.
Electrochemical Investigation of La0.2Sr0.8TiO3+δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ Composite Cathode for the Direct High Temperature Steam Electrolysis
Authors: Wu Guo Jian , Xie Kui , Wu Yu Cheng
Published: June 2014

This paper investigates a composite cathode La0.2Sr0.8TiO3+δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ (LSTO-SDC) for the direct steam electrolysis in an oxide-ion-conducting solid oxide electrolyzer. The dependences of electrical conductivity of the reduced LSTO on temperature and oxygen partial pressure are studied and further correlated to the electrochemical properties of the cathode in symmetric cell LSTO-SDC/YSZ/LSTO-SDC and solid oxide electrolyzer LSTO-SDC/YSZ/LSM-SDC, respectively. Current efficiencies of the solid oxide electrolyzer with LSTO-SDC cathode were found to be 92.38% and 91.17% with or without reducing gas flowing over them under the applied voltage of 1.8 V at 800 °C, respectively.
Highly Hydroxylated Graphite Felts Used as Electrodes for a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Li Wen Wen , Chu You Qun , Ma Chun An
Published: June 2014

The highly hydroxylated graphite felts (GFs) were obtained by treating in mixed acids (V(HNO3)/V(H3PO4)=3:1) for different time at 80°C, and used as the electrodes for all vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). The physical, chemical and electrochemical characteristics of these GFs are characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltametry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge/discharge test. The excellent electrochemical properties of the treated GFs to VRB electrode reactions can be ascribed to the enhancement of the interaction between vanadium ions with –OH groups introduced by acid treatment. Using GFs treated in the mixed acids for 8 h as electrodes, the VRB exhibits excellent performance under a current density of 20 mA/cm2. The average current efficiency, voltage efficiency and energy efficiency are about 97%, 83.3% and 78%, respectively.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performances of LiFePO4/C Cathode Materials by Deposited with Ge Film
Authors: Huang Yan Dan , Lin Ying Bin , Huang Zhi Gao
Published: June 2014

LiFePO4/C-Ge electrodes were prepared with vacuum thermal evaporation deposition by depositing Ge films on as-prepared LiFePO4/C electrodes. The effect of Ge film on the electrochemical performances of LiFePO4/C cells was investigated systematically by charge/discharge testing, cyclic voltammograms and AC impedance spectroscopy, respectively. It was found that Ge-film-surface modified LiFePO4/C showed excellent electrochemical performances compared to that of the pristine one in terms of cyclability and rate capability. At 60°C, LiFePO4/C-Ge film exhibited outstanding cyclability with less than 5% capacity fade after 50 cycles while the pristine one suffers 15%. Analysis from the electrochemical measurements showed that the presence of Ge film on the LiFePO4/C electrode would protect active material from HF generated by the decomposition of LiPF6 in the electrolyte and stabilize the surface structure of active material during the charge and discharge cycle. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results indicated that Ge film mainly reduced the charge transfer resistance Rct of LiFePO4/C electrode, resulting from the suppression of the solid electrolyte interfacial (SEI) film.
A Novel Synthesis of Nanometer Spherical β-Ni(OH)2 Cathode Materials with High Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Chen Li , Wang Yan Ming , Liu Juan , Wang Xing Yao
Published: June 2014

A novel hydrothermal stripping technique synthesis route, in which the nickel-loaded organic phase of naphthenic acid was directly stripped by water at 140-240 °C for 2.0 h to recover nickel as hydroxide precipitates, has been firstly developed. The nickel hydroxide powders synthesized by this route was the spherical β-Ni(OH)2 and had a small particle size in the range of 20-100 nm shown by XRD and TEM test. The results of electrochemical performances show that the nanometer β-Ni(OH)2 cathode materials have much higher discharge specific capacity, excellent capacity retention and cycle performances.
Hydrogen Storage Mechanism of Fe3O4: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Zhang Hao , Cheng Nan Pu , Chen Zhi Qian , Hui Qun
Published: June 2014

The adsorption and dissociative adsorption of a hydrogen molecule on Fetet1- terminated Fe3O4 (111) surfaces are investigated within the framework of density function theory. The surface Fetet1 atom site with the parallel mode of hydrogen molecule is found to be the most stable equilibrium adsorption state. The most possible dissociative adsorption pathway of a hydrogen molecule needs an energy barrier of 2.85 or 2.87 eV at the surface Oa or Oc atom site, and generates a water molecule, remarkably in agreement with Otsuka.K’s conclusion on the reaction condition and hydrogen storage mechanism of Fe3O4 from microscopic point of view. The calculation of the electronic properties of the termination states with the adsorption and dissociative adsorption of a hydrogen molecule shows strong interactions between atomic hydrogen and Fe3O4 (111) surface.
A First-Principles Study on Electronic Properties of Ce/N Codoped Anatase TiO2
Authors: Yang Si Yu , Yao Lan Fang , Chen Hao
Published: June 2014

Density function theory is performed in order to investigate the effect of Ce/N co-doping on geometry structure, electronic and optical properties of anatase TiO2. Comparing the energy band and density of states of pure TiO2 and Ce/N doped anatase TiO2. We can conclude that, the valence band of pure TiO2 is main composed of O 2p states and the conduction is mainly composed of Ti 3d states. For N-doped TiO2, the topmost part of the valence band is mainly occupied by N 2p states which is higher than that of the O 2p states which can narrowed the band gap. Ce doping will introduce 4f states which is involved in the conduction band. These may lead the conduction band move down. As for Ce and N co-doped, the top of the valence band is mainly occupied by an admixture N 2p, O 2p and the bottom of the conduction band is predominantly occupied by an admixture of Ce 4f ,Ti 3d. The strong interaction between the dopants and the ions lead the band gap get narrower. We predict that Ce+N doping is one of the best choices for enhancing the photoelectrochemical activity of TiO2.
Microstructures of Poly (9'9-Dihexylfluorene) Grown in the Non-Solvent Vapor
Authors: Xiao Xue Qing , Bai Wei Bin , Lin Jin Huo
Published: June 2014

In this research, the microspheres of poly (99-dihexylfluorene) were fabricated with dichloromethane as a good solvent by self-assembly methods. The effects of poor solvent vapor, polymer concentration, and the temperature of environment on the formation of the sphere patterns were investigated. It was found that the microsphere could be easily prepared in the ethanol non-solvent vapor atmosphere. Besides, increasing the environment temperatures was advantageous to fabricate microspheres. Furthermore, the property of non-solvent vapor was a key role to the formation of the sphere.
Effective Nuclear Field Measurement in a Single Quantum Well via Time-Resolved Kerr Rotation Technique
Authors: Yan Li Ping , Kaji Reina , Adachi Satoru
Published: June 2014

Effective magnetic field of nuclear spin polarization (NSP) under circularly polarized pumps excitation and the dephasing time of resident electron spin polarization under pump and control excitation has been detected in a single CdTe quantum well (QW) by a time-resolved Kerr rotation (TRKR) technique. We deduced that the experimental method is verified with the effect, to a certain extent, through confirming the external magnetic field results. In addition, the nuclear field is revealed to be increased with the increasing electron spin component due to the enhanced electron-nuclear hyperfine interaction. Significant nuclear field is observed as 1.85 mT with the applied magnetic field tilted by about 15 degree. What is more, we found the spin dephasing time (SDT) has little relation with the created NSP field, but it decreases largely with the increasing spin polarization magnitude under pump excitation and the spin vector dispersions induced by control pulses.
The Ideal “Defects” of the Crystal Structure of GaAs
Authors: Iskakova K.A. , Akhmaltdinov Rif , Amaonova Aisara
Published: June 2014

The current industry needs for new results require current capabilities of computer technology can solve problems on a whole new level. This article briefly describes the algorithms for obtaining the structures and the appearance of discontinuities in the growth of crystals.
Synthesis and Properties of Polypropylene Carbonate Polyol-Based Waterborne Polyurethane
Authors: Xu Cheng Shu , Tian Cheng Cheng , Zhang Wei Dong , Xing Jian Wei , Cai Zai Sheng , Ren Yan , Xu Wei Zhu , Liu Hai Yan
Published: June 2014

Different kinds of anionic polyhydric alcohols water-borne polyurethane (WPU) emulsion and films were prepared by separately taking polypropylene carbonate polyol (PPC), polyethylene-1,4-buthylene adipate glycol (PBA) and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG) with the same molecular weight as soft segment. Their structure and properties were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rigidity, adhesive power, contact angle and water absorption. Comparing their properties, it was found that the rigidity, adhesive power and water resistance of PPC WPU were similar to those of PBA WPU.
Surface Passivation of Crystalline Silicon by a-Si:H Thin Films
Authors: Wang Yin , Li Wei , Guo An Ran , Yu Feng , He Jian , Jiang Ya Dong
Published: June 2014

Surface passivation of c-Si by a-Si:H thin films has been studied. In this paper, the minority carrier lifetime of 345μs (from 85μs) is obtained at optimal hydrogen flow rate (8.0sccm) by using RF-magnetron sputtering method.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Graphene Oxide-MnO2 Composites for Supercapacitors
Authors: Duan Ying Wen , Sun Xun , Zhao Hong Yu , Liu Zhi Bo
Published: June 2014

Graphene oxide-MnO2 (GO-MnO2) was successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted method with the substrate of GO covered by MnO2. MnO2 contained disordered pore structure and aggregate of random shape. GO exhibited layer-like shape and had a large numbers of functional groups on its surface. The electrochemical measurements were employed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), the results showed that the GO-MnO2 composite had good capacitive performance, the maximum of specific capacitance was 127 F g-1 at the current density of 100 mA g-1.
The Model of Nano-Scale Cu-Particle Removal in CO2-Based Micelle Solutions with Different Surfactants
Authors: Wang Yun Run
Published: June 2014

This work focused on the analysis of static forces of a Cu particle in CO2-based micelle solutions with different surfactant, including fluorinated surfactants PFPE COO-NH4+, 8FS(EO)2and hydrocarbon surfactants L31, DiF8-PO4-Na+. Calculations demonstrated that high pressure could impose enough capillary pressure effect beneath a particle to compete with the net adhesion force and increase the particle surface separation distance. The ESD for the micelle solutions had the similar behavior, otherwise, the value of NAF for the micelle solution with surfactant DiF8-PO4-Na+ had the minimum relative to other surfactant micelle solutions, suggesting that Cu particles would be more easily removed in micelle solution with DiF8-PO4-Na+ surfactant.
The Advantages of Ga-Graded Obtained by Growth Profile Modification and Na Incorporation on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells
Authors: Sakdanuphab Rachsak , Chatraphorn Sojiphong , Yoodee Kajornyod
Published: June 2014

Cu (In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) compound is a p-type semiconductor that has been used as light absorber layer in high efficiency thin film solar cell. The CIGS compound can be adjusted the band gap energy by varying the ratio of [Ga]/([In]+[Ga]) ratio (x). From theoretical and simulation, it was found that band gap grading in CIGS thin films showed the advantages to increase the efficiency of solar cells. Generally, the band gap grading can be done by the growth of non homogeneous x-ratio in depth of CIGS thin films. In this work, we develop two approaches to create band gap grading in CIGS thin films; (1) modifying the growth profile and (2) using Na incorporation in the growth process. The effects of Ga-graded would be revealed and compared with homogeneous CIGS thin films. CIGS thin films were grown on soda-lime glass and Al2O3 coated soda-lime glass substrates by molecular beam deposition method. The growth process was based on 2-stage and 3-stage growth profiles. The as grown films were characterized for their structural property, chemical composition and optical transmission as well as solar cell performance. The Auger electron spectroscopy in depth profiles revealed the variation of x-ratio increasing from the surface toward the back contact in CIGS films with our modified growth profile and Na incorporation. This result indicated Ga-graded in CIGS thin films. The structural property of Ga-graded CIGS films showed the (112) preferred orientation of the chalcopyrite structure with a broad asymmetric spectrum related to the inhomogeneous structure. The optical transmission measurements of the Ga-graded CIGS film showed the broad transition near the absorption edge indicating the effect of the band gap grading as a result of the variation in depth of the Ga-content. From I-V measurements, the solar cell efficiencies significantly increase due to the advantages of Ga-graded constitute.
Near-Field Broadband Light Transparency via Tunneling and Cavity Effects
Authors: Zhang Xiang Nan , Liu Gui Qiang , Liu Zheng Qi , Chen Yuan Hao
Published: June 2014

This work presents a broadband optical transparency structure consisting of a metal film perforated by an array of strip cavities. We theoretically demonstrate the metal film with side-coupled grooves system in model structure by the coupled model theory. The transparent light with a great bandwidth is obtained as a result of the tunneling and the resonance effect of the cavities by employing the finite-difference time-domain method simulation. By changing the parameter of the grooves in the structure, the transparency property shows a great adjustment in both wavelength and bandwidth. These structures have potential applications for transparent conductor devices.
Extraction and Antifungal Activity of a Lipopeptide Biosurfactant
Authors: Fang Fan Ren , Zhong Sheng , Dong Yan , Gong Li Jing
Published: June 2014

A kind of biosurfactant produced by ascendant strain BS01 was screened by detecting the surface tension , diameter of oil spreading. The structure of the biosurfactant extracted from fermentation broth of strain BS01 was verified by IR and UV .It has superior surfactive properties. Its critical micelle concentration (CMC) is 25mg/l and the surface tension is 29.6mN/m in CMC. The biosurfactant shows excellent antibacterial spectrum against agricultural pathogenic fungi and human pathogenic bacteria. Especially, it presents good antibiotic activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ,staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach and pseudomonas aeruginosa .
Electrospinning Synthesis of PLA Fiber Film Containing Antimicrobial Silver Nanorods
Authors: Bai Jia Qi , Li Yan Hui , Duan Qian , Chang Jing Jing
Published: June 2014

Poly (L-lactide) (PLA) fiber film containing silver nanorods were prepared via electrospinning. Morphology of the PLA/Ag fibers and distribution of the silver nanoparticles were characterized. These fibers showed antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative E. coli, because of the presence of a small amount of silver nanorods.
The Content of Physiologically Active Substances in Several Medicinal Mushrooms with Various Doses of γ-Irradiation
Authors: Huang Shih Jeng , Liu Ya Ling , Mau Jeng Leun , Tsai Shu Yao
Published: June 2014

Dry samples of fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris and Agariucs blazei, mycelia of Antrodia camphorata, and hot water extracts of Ganoderma tsugae were ground and irradiated with γ-rays at doses of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 kGy. After γ-irradiation, the content of γ-aminobutyric acid, adenosine, cordycepin, and triterpenoids in medicinal mushrooms did not significantly change. Gamma-irradiation only affects A. camphorata mycelia polysaccharide content, and an increase in irradiation dose (0-10 kGy) significantly reduces its content (111.85-101.88 mg/g). The content of high molecular weight (2.7×105 Da) polysaccharide in G. tsugae by γ-irradiation with increasing doses gradually increased. Gamma-irradiation could significantly affect the content of vitamin D2 and ergosterol. However, ergosterol content in non-irradiated C. militaris, A. blazei, A. camphorata, and G. tsugae was 2.34, 1.31, 2.33, and 1.15 mg/g, and of that in 10 kGy γ-irradiated mushrooms was 2.75, 1.88, 2.19, and 0.94 mg/g, respectively. Summarily, γ-irradiation does change some medicinal mushrooms by the content of physiologically active substances. When using γ-irradiation sterilization to maintain the physiological activity of mushroom products, one should consider its impact on the physiologically active substances.
Synthesis and Characterization of Amphiphilic Copolymer Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate]
Authors: Wang Fang Ping , Yuan Ting , Li Wan Xia , Zhang Jun Ying , Wang Qi Zhao
Published: June 2014

A novel, well-defined, amphiphilic block copolymer was synthesized by RAFT copolymerization of 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The polymer structure was characterized by 1H NMR , GPC and TEM. It was found that the stable spherical micelles with core-shell structure are formed and good solubility in water. The copolymer would have great potential in drug delivery systems.
Assessment Antibacterial Activities on Essential Oil of Plant Extract
Authors: Shiao Chih Chung , Ma Chih Ming , Chen Bor Yann , Chen Hua Wei
Published: June 2014

Essential oils are produced by plants for many reasons including protection against various bacterial and fungal. This study provides a dose-response analysis for antibacterial activity assessment using Escherichia coli DH5 as indicator microorganism. In this work it has been shown that it is possible to extract antibacterial activities using a simple process.
Polymer Blend through Inclusion Complexation
Authors: Liu Chun Yuan , Lin Wei In , Wang Jenshi B.
Published: June 2014

A new method is proposed to improve blend compatability through inclusion complexation. The host polymer and the guest polymer are synthesized respectively and blended to form a film. The transparency of blend film increases and, at some composition, a third Tg is obsereved, indicating the inclusion complex between these two polymers
Preparation and Photocatalytic Performances of F-Doped TiO2
Authors: Diao Xian Zhen , Zhang Xi Li
Published: June 2014

Butyl acetate titanate as precursors, no water ethanol as solvent, pure TiO2 and different doping ratio of F/TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared through sol-gel method; And F doping amount on photocatalytic activity of TiO2 influences were analysed systematically through uv-vis spectrophotometer, infrared spectrometer, etc. Experimental results show that photocatalytic activity of TiO2 is better when the mole ratio of F is between 10% and 20%; When F doping amount is 20%, catalyst amount is 25g, the photocatalytic degradation rate of F/TiO2 can reach 85.74% in10%wt methylene blue solution under 250W high-voltage mercury lamp illumination after 2 hours and the area of illumination 6.94×10-3m2. In the same way, the photocatalytic degradation rate of pure TiO2 is just 35.39 %. It proves that F/TiO2 catalyst of doping amount 20% presents the best photocatalytic activity.
Experimental Advances in Effect of Waviness on Properties of Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
Authors: Zhu Jun , Wang Ji Hui
Published: June 2014

Categories, fabrication techniques, characterization techniques, and effect of waviness on properties of fibre reinforced composite materials and structures are reviewed. Waviness exerts a great affluence on properties of composite materials and structures, which leads to a significant degradation or reduction of mechanical performances, such as static compressive/tensile strength, compressive fatigue life, and so on. Various factors related to waviness nested into the composite materials and structures, including wave geometry, thickness position of the wavy layer, percentages of layers with waviness, are considered and stated in detail. Failure mode of laminate containing waviness and the reasons for their failure initiation are analytically stated. At last, some prospects about this study are presented.
Construction and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Film Sensor on Determination of Chlorpyrifos in Water
Authors: Lin Gui Feng , Wang Yan Hong , Li Guo Chen , Bai Wen , Zhang Hong , Wang Shi Cheng
Published: June 2014

Molecularly imprinted microspheres for recognition of chlorpyrifos were prepared by thermal initiation and precipitation polymerization, and were characterized using scanning electron microscope and infrared spectroscopy. Binding characteristics of the microspheres were also investigated. Sensitive film electrode of chlorpyrifos was prepared using the microspheres above on the surface of gold electrode by spin coating. Electrochemical sensor was constructed with the electrode prepared above as recognition element, and the response characteristics of the sensor to chlorpyrifos in water were investigated based on constant-current potentiometry. It was shown that a reasonable linear response curve between potential and concentration was obtained from 1.0×10-12 mol/L to 2.0×10-8 mol/L, with a detection limit of 1.0×10-13mol/L. The suitable pH was 2.2~3.4,and response time was 10 min. The imprinted electrode showed relatively high selectivity to chlorpyrifos and was applied to the analysis of chlorpyrifos in the simulated river samples with recovery rates ranging from 89% to 105%.
An Investigation of some Factors Affecting the Dispersant NNO Adsorption on Imidacloprid Particle
Authors: Hao Han , Feng Jian Guo , Guo Xin Yu , Liu Wen Jun , Wu Xue Min
Published: June 2014

Some factors such as imidacloprid dose, contact time, initial NNO concentration, stirring speed and temperature affecting the dispersant NNO (formaldehyde condensate sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid) adsorption on imidacloprid particle was investigated in this paper. It demonstrated that NNO adsorption amount decreased with the increasing imidacloprid dose and temperature, but increased with the increasing contact time, initial NNO concentration and stirring speed. The results implied that the dispersant NNO was adsorbed on imidacloprid particle physically and exothermically.
Construction of a Novel 3D Indium Phosphate–Phosphite with Extra-Large 16-MRs Channels: Synthesis, Structure and Fluorescence Property
Authors: Li Hui Duan
Published: June 2014

A novel 3D anionic indium phosphatephosphite, formulated as |(C10H10N2)1.5(H3O)3|[In18(H2O)12(HPO4)12(HPO3)16(H2PO3)6] (1), was hydrothermally prepared by using 4, 4-bipyridine (4, 4-bipy) as a structure directing agent (SDA). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 1 crystallizes in the hexagonal system space group P63/m (No. 176) having unit cell parameters a = 13.7843(19) Å, b = 13.7843(19) Å, c = 28.058(6) Å, V = 4617.0(13) Å3. Compound 1 exhibits a unique pillar-layer open-framework constructed from InO6 octahedra, HPO3 pseudo-tetrahedra and HPO4 tetrahedra, resulting extra-large 16-MRs channels. Synthesis, crystal structure and fluorescence property for compound 1 were reported in this paper.
Preparation of P(GMA-co-EGDMA) Monolithic Columns with Adjustable Porous Properties
Authors: Zhang Hao Tian , Zhang Qiu Yu , Zhang Bao Liang , Li Chun Mei
Published: June 2014

Porous properties have notable effect on separating effect of organic polymer-based monolithic column. Different applications of monolithic columns require tailored pore size distributions. On account of that, P(GMA-co-EGDMA) monolithic columns were prepared with novel ternary porogenic agents. Glass tubes was chosen as polymerization mold. Moreover, factors influencing the inner pore morphology, pore size and specific surface area were investigated systematically. The results showed that the increasing of the solubility of porogenic agents and the amount of crosslinker, the decreasing of the amount of porogenic agents and temperature rising all could give rise to the decreasing of pore size. Remarkably, the effect of initiator was studied for the first time. The results showed that amount of initiator had no remarkable influence on porous properties. By controlling effect factors, P(GMA-co-EGDMA) Monolithic Columns with pore size from dozens to thousands of nanometer, which can be applied in separation of molecules with different size.
Effect of Aniline Oligomer on the Electrosynthesis of Polyaniline Fibres
Authors: Li Bao Song , Zhang Lei , Zhang Wei Wei , Yu Yang
Published: June 2014

In this paper, polyaniline (PANI) fibres were prepared by electrochemical polymerization from the solutions of aniline and hydrochloric acid in the presence of different concentrations of aniline oligomer. The influences of adding a small amount of aniline oligomeric additives, such as p-aminodiphenylamine (PADPA), p-phenylenediamine (PPDA) to the electrochemical polymerization system of aniline on polyaniline fibres have been investigated. Change in fibre diameter with the concentration of aniline oligomer were investigated. Morphologies of PANI fibres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical behaviors of PANI fibres were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results show that with the addition of PADPA, PPDA to aniline polymerization system, the rate of polymerization increases greatly, and more lower potentials can be applied to generate electroactive PANI fibres with more finer and uniform structure.
The Preparation of Starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate and its Application as Surface Sizing Agent
Authors: Tang Chen Wei , Liu Zhao Li , Cao Ya Feng , Tan Feng Zhi , Li Yuan
Published: June 2014

The preparation of Starch sodium octenyl Succinate (SSOS) and its application as a surface sizing agent in papermaking was studied in this paper. The effect of different reaction conditions on esterification of starch was firstly discussed. Based on which, SSOS with different degree of substitution (DS) was obtained and its surface sizing performance was researched. The results showed that the optimal esterification conditions were as follows: When pH is 8.5, reaction emperature is 35°C, reaction time is 3h, the maximum reaction efficiency can be achieved. The study of surface sizing performance of SSOS showed that when solid content of SSOS was 0.8613 and its DS was 0.0381, the picking speed of paper was up to a maximum value. SSOS showed a good film-forming property when its concentration was 3%.
Structure and Property Development of Polyacrylonitrile Fiber with Ionic Liquid as Solvent during Spinning Process
Authors: Cheng Hai Ming , Zhang En Jie , Yin Xue Min , Zhang Yu Mei , Wang Hua Ping
Published: June 2014

In order to study the structure and property development of polyacrylonitrile fiber during spinning process with ionic liquid as solvent, the 13 wt% PAN/[BMICl solution was prepared by dissolving polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMICl). The dry-jet wet spinning of PAN/[BMIM]Cl was carried out to obtain the samples along spinning line. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties (DMA) and supramolecular structure of PAN fiber were analyzed. It is found that along spinning line tensile strength of PAN fiber increased significantly; initially, elongation at break increased followed by subsequent decrease. The fibers glass transition temperature (Tg) drops initially and later becomes constant; however, the fibers crystallinity and orientation increased.
Application of FTA-FMEA Method in Fault Diagnosis of Tracked Vehicle
Authors: Zhang Yong Feng , Zhou Ren Bin , Yang Jie Min , Zhang Zheng
Published: June 2014

In order to diagnose the fault, the fault of the unnormal automatic shift function of tracked vehicle is diagnosed by the FTA-FMEA method, according to the step of determine the top event, FTA(Fault Tree Analysis) qualitative analysis, self-checking and self-repairing by the user unit, FMEA(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) analysis and locate the fault. The conclusion of the study can be conveniently guiding self-repairing by the user unit or repairing by the next higher level repair unit. Practice has proved, this method is simple and feasible, with high accuracy, has very important significance to guide the tracked vehicle repair.
Kinematics Analysis and Torch Pose Fitting for Welding Robot
Authors: Qu Run Xin , Zou Yuan Yuan , An Xiao Wei , Zhu Si Jun
Published: June 2014

Giant structure processes involve highly dangerous manual welding operations. aiming at the welding for giant structures, tankers and other large work pieces, a five degrees of freedom (DOF) gantry type automatic welding robot was developed which has our own property right. Forward/inverse kinematics for the mechanical structure is analyzed in which pose of the welding torch is defined as a free vector. Then kinematics equations were proposed for torch pose fitting. Finally, simulation results for robot kinematics analysis and torch pose fitting were also proposed with Matlab. The result not only proves the feasibility of torch pose fitting, but also provides a basis for further study on kinematic analysis, torch pose fitting and off-line programming about gantry type automatic welding robot.
CFD Analysis for Cooling Water Cavity of a Four-Cylinder Gasoline Engine
Authors: Liu Xiao Xu , Chen Min
Published: June 2014

s: The 3D model of cooling water cavity was set up, which was in a four cylinders gasoline engine, and the CFD analysis was done after setting the CFD calculation model and boundary conditions. The CFD analysis results shows that the structure design of engine’s cooling water cavity can meet the requirements basically, but there are some zone in which the water speed is lower than 0.5m/s, and there are some whirlpools in cylinder water jacket. In order to improve the cooling effect of the engine, the cooling water inlet channel and cylinder head should be improved.
Design of a Four-Station Translational and Rotary Worktable for Special Occasions
Authors: Li Xi Yan , Xin Yong Bao , Si Li Dong , Li Wen Feng , Jin Pei Xun
Published: June 2014

A newly developed four-station translational and rotary worktable can be applied for complex human-machine hybrid operations and dangerous heat treatment operations. And the design can guarantee closed operations without involvement of human when the worktable rotates to the concentrated area, while the installation or other manual processing when the worktable rotates to the separate area. In addition, by designing innovative rotating and track-changing mechanism and the direction-holding mechanism, the work piece remains the constant direction in the rotation process. Furthermore, the interference problem of the Geneva mechanism of the track-changing fork is analyzed. Consequently, the smaller the angle of fork notch is, the smaller the force that fork reacts on the support shaft is, meanwhile, the strength can be satisfied more easily. The optimal angle of Y-fork is 90 degree. The application of the four-station translational and rotary worktable can achieve multi-step continuous process, save workspace and improve production efficiency.
Dynamic Analysis of Spiral Bevel Gear Pair under Time-Varying Backlash
Authors: Qiu Huan Song , Yuan Jie Hong , Li Yuan , Li Xing
Published: June 2014

Neglecting the influence of static transmission error, a non-linear dynamic model of spiral bevel gear pair with time-varying backlash was presented. Through the simplification of above model, the dimensionless form of gear system was obtained. Then, the dynamic characteristics of gear system were acquired by using Runge-Kutta method under the influence of time-varying backlash and torque. The results showed primary harmonic amplitude of gear backlash and torque had a significant effect on the non-linear and vibration characteristics of gear system. With the change of that, bifurcation phenomenon, quasi periodic motion and chaotic motion were detected. In addition, the variation and fluctuation of amplitude, containing displacement amplitude and velocity amplitude, were analyzed detailedly.
Research of Pipeline Weld Detection Based on Magnetic Memory Technology
Authors: Long Fei Fei , Wang Jian Zeng , Li Li , Zhao Jun Ru
Published: June 2014

Ensuring the safe operation of pipeline and monitoring it to prevent sudden accidents are an important task of current nondestructive testing work because of our country is in the peak period of long-distance pipeline construction. Welding cracks are common and most dangerous flaw in the root of the failure of the welded joints . Metal magnetic memory method is the only viable detection , evaluation method currently used for diagnosing the stress-strain state of serving welding crack in the early stages. So this article designs weld cracks of the general pipeline, establish a method to detect pipeline weld crack by metal magnetic memory method.
Analysis and Structure Modified of Gun’s Unreliable Percussion
Authors: Wang Jian Cheng , Luo Hong Fei , Cui Qing Bin , Lei Jie
Published: June 2014

In the examination of gun’s multi-cartridge clip rapid gunnery, there exists a problem of unreliable percussion. In order to solve it, the reason for this regularity and foreseeable fault was find out, which is after the analysis of automaton’s stricture and principle it work on. Based on this, the effecting of temperature was analyzed and calculated due simulation way. After that, the modified methods were push out. And it proved that the problem has been solved due the experiment which is mean to test the feasibility of this modified way. Also, the method to overcome this problem can be referred to in design, manufacture and use in the future.
The Effect of Relative Thickness on Microstructures of TiB2/TiC Particles Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite
Authors: Guo Chang Qing
Published: June 2014

This paper introduces a process that combines a vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC with self-propagation high–temperature synthesis SHS of TiB2/TiC particles for fabricating the TiB2/TiC duplex particulates reinforced carbon steel matrix surface composite, and the effect of relative thickness δ on metallurgical quality and microstructures. FeTi-FeB-FeCr system with low cost is adopted as the SHS reactant. Experimental results show that with increasing δ, the surface composite is gradually formed and the metallurgical quality improved. The typical microstructures of the composite from surface to core are consisted of three different layers, i.e., the surface compound layer, the interim transitional layer and the carbon steel base. A certain amount of fineTiB2/TiC particles is distributed in the matrix of the surface compound layer.
Design and Analysis of Suspension Scheme for Space Manipulator Low-Gravity Test
Authors: Feng Wei , Yi Wang Min , Meng Fan Wei , Shen Xiao Peng , Song Xiao Dong
Published: June 2014

In this paper, a low gravity experimental scheme with weight-balanced suspenders is proposed to solve the problem of the low-gravity environments simulation for the space manipulators (SM), in which the optimal location of the hanging point can be obtained from theoretical analysis. In addition, according to low gravity experiment requirement and motion path of the SM, the kinematical equation in terms of D-H method is built, the suspender adaptability under horizontal and inclined conditions are studied respectively using MATLAB, and a solution for suspender interference is proposed and verified. The test results confirmed the validity of the proposed scheme.