bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Angio Behçet in a child
Authors: Chamtouri Ikram , Besbes Habib , Abdelali Mabrouk , Chouchene Slaheddine
Published: September 2024

Behçet’s disease (BD) is rare in children. Herein, we report a case of 12-year-old male child with a history of left superficial femoral vein thrombosis and bilateral pulmonary embolism, admitted for multiple thrombosis located in the inferior vena cava, right atrium and ventricle associated with multiple pulmonary artery aneurisms and fissurations concomitant to oral aphthosis, which was suggestive of BD. Despite corticoids and immunosuppressive therapy, the child had a massive hemoptysis resulting in his death. The association between intracardiac thrombosis, pulmonary aneurism and venous thrombosis should raise suspicion of angio-Behçet, which could be lethal.
(Semi)automated approaches to data extraction for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in social sciences: A living review
Authors: Legate Amanda , Nimon Kim , Noblin Ashlee
Published: September 2024

Background An abundance of rapidly accumulating scientific evidence presents novel opportunities for researchers and practitioners alike, yet such advantages are often overshadowed by resource demands associated with finding and aggregating a continually expanding body of scientific information. Data extraction activities associated with evidence synthesis have been described as time-consuming to the point of critically limiting the usefulness of research. Across social science disciplines, the use of automation technologies for timely and accurate knowledge synthesis can enhance research translation value, better inform key policy development, and expand the current understanding of human interactions, organizations, and systems. Ongoing developments surrounding automation are highly concentrated in research for evidence-based medicine with limited evidence surrounding tools and techniques applied outside of the clinical research community. The goal of the present study is to extend the automation knowledge base by synthesizing current trends in the application of extraction technologies of key data elements of interest for social scientists. Methods We report the baseline results of a living systematic review of automated data extraction techniques supporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the social sciences. This review follows PRISMA standards for reporting systematic reviews. Results The baseline review of social science research yielded 23 relevant studies. Conclusions When considering the process of automating systematic review and meta-analysis information extraction, social science research falls short as compared to clinical research that focuses on automatic processing of information related to the PICO framework. With a few exceptions, most tools were either in the infancy stage and not accessible to applied researchers, were domain specific, or required substantial manual coding of articles before automation could occur. Additionally, few solutions considered extraction of data from tables which is where key data elements reside that social and behavioral scientists analyze.
COVID-19 lockdown and lifestyles: A narrative review
Authors: Doraiswamy Sathyanarayanan , Cheema Sohaila , Al Mulla Ahmad , Mamtani Ravinder
Published: September 2024

Background The primary objective worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. We explored the impact of lockdown measures on six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances. Methods We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed. Results Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Conclusions The lockdown associated with COVID-19 has largely had a negative impact on the lifestyles of individuals and communities across many countries and cultures. However, some individuals and communities also initiated positive lifestyle-related behavioral changes. If the knowledge generated by studying the impact of COVID-19-related lockdowns on the six lifestyle factors is further consolidated, it could improve chronic disease outcomes. This will help better understand lifestyle behaviors amidst crises and assist in redesigning extreme public health measures such as lockdowns.. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.
Chromosomal reference genome sequences for the malaria mosquito, Anopheles coustani, Laveran, 1900
Authors: Bouafou Lemonde B. A. , Ayala Diego , Makanga Boris K. , Rahola Nil , Johnson Harriet  F. , Heaton Haynes , Wagah Martin G. , Collins Joanna  C. , Krasheninnikova Ksenia , Pelan Sarah E. , Pointon Damon-Lee B. , Sims Ying , Torrance James W. , Tracey Alan , Uliano-Silva Marcela , Wood Jonathan M.D. , von Wyschetzki Katharina ,   Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective, McCarthy Shane A. , Neafsey Daniel E. , Makunin Alex , Lawniczak Mara K N
Published: September 2024

We present genome assembly from individual female An. coustani (African malaria mosquito; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Culicidae) from Lopé, Gabon. The genome sequence is 270 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into three chromosomal pseudomolecules with the X sex chromosome assembled for both species. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the mottled worm, Allolobophora icterica (formerly Aporrectodea icterica) (Savigny, 1826)
Authors: Sherlock Emma , Fletcher Chris ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual mottled worm, Allolobophora icterica (Annelida; Clitellata; Crassiclitellata; Lumbricidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,117.80 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 16 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.33 kilobases in length.
Semiosis and embodied cognition: The relevance of Peircean semiotics to cognitive neuroscience
Authors: Andrews Edna , Bierman Hayes , Hannon Brogan , Ling Huijuan
Published: September 2024

Valentina Cuccio and Vittorio Gallese stimulated renewed interest in semiotic contributions to the cognitive neurosciences by bringing C. S. Peirce and his theory of signs to elucidate important notions that provide the foundation for understanding embodied cognition and its critical role in explaining both literal and figurative (abstract and concrete) concepts from phylogenetic and neurobiological perspectives. This is not surprising since Peirce always framed his theory of signs in terms of cognition, a point noted by many Peircean scholars (including David Savan, Ivo A. Ibri, Piotr Konderak and others). Cuccio and Gallese focus on Peirce at the level of Firstness, and include the important principle of abductive inference as well as iconicity (a principle of Peirce’s sign–object triad). In the following analysis, we identify other important contributions of Peirce for cognitive neuroscience and modelling of embodied cognition by shifting the lens from Firstness to Thirdness, from abduction and iconicity to Peirce’s theory of interpretants. Our analysis will include a presentation of the Peircean sign complex and its relevance in defining signification, semiosis, and synthesis (including acquisition, maintenance and production) of knowledge. Finally, we will argue that Peircean interpretants are essential to explicating the notion of embodied cognition as presented by Gallese and George Lakoff in their 2005 seminal work.
Guiding interpretation towards deproblematization: A video interview with a Climate Change denier analysed as conspiracy theory
Authors: Piva Heidi Campana
Published: September 2024

Climate Change disinformation is causing lasting damage to both sociopolitical spheres and our very own biosphere. The present article identifies the meaning-making mechanisms of Climate Change conspiratorial discourse on social media by analysing the YouTube video Why I Said Global Warming is the Biggest Fraud in History, which had reached more than 758,000 views (May 2023) before the channel was deleted (August 2023). A qualitative empirical semiotic analysis was carried out focusing on discourse in which Climate Change denial is understood as conspiracy theory, that is, a mode of interpretation. The analysed conspiracy discourse creates identities and shapes social relations in the form of dichotomic oppositions/conflicts between those who spread illegitimate information (the enemy) and those with access to the truth (a symbolic elite). In this context, the fragmentation of science into “real” and “fake” is as dangerous as the scientific community’s loss of authority. The analysis of this video shows how Climate Change is represented as a fraud and how possible policy responses to it are therefore represented as scams. The main effect of such discourse is deproblematization, for it provides people with reasons to reject proposals for actions that seek to mitigate the climate crisis.
Mapping the Wuling vehicle market with K-Means Clustering: An effective digital marketing strategy
Authors: Ardiansyah Giri Teguh , Hasibuan Muhammad Satir , Santosa Suhari , Heikal Jerry
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on Indonesia’s automotive industry sector, which is currently experiencing growth, particularly in terms of Wuling's contribution to the economy through sales. The aim is to identify customer clusters for Wuling vehicle and the marketing mix strategy after the most dominant customer cluster for Wuling vehicle. The research method used was a quantitative survey, which involved collecting data from 111 potential Wuling customer using purposive sampling and data collection through questionnaires. The analysis included an F-Test to examine the differences between clusters. The results show that the clustering of Wuling customer using the K-Means Clustering method successfully divided them into three different clusters, namely Perfectionist, Easy Going, and Beginner, with the Easy Going being the most dominant. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust marketing strategies to focus more on the needs and preferences of the Easy Going, including optimizing the use of promotion channels that have been proven effective, such as direct marketing and sales websites. Thus, this study emphasizes the importance of applying the K-Means Clustering method in automotive market segmentation, providing valuable insights for Wuling to formulate more effective and relevant marketing strategies to meet the diverse needs of customer in a dynamic market.
Community involvement as a mediating variable: How social media marketing activities affects customer loyalty?
Authors: Yasmin Annisa , Helmi Arief , Komaladewi Rita , Deborah Irene , Naufal Ariq Zulfahmi
Published: September 2024

The cosmetics industry in Indonesia has great potential, posing great challenges to maintain competitiveness. This research examines community engagement's role as a mediating factor between social media marketing activities and customer loyalty. 194 respondents completed questionnaires to provide study data, which was then analyzed using Smart PLS version 3.0. The findings showed the beneficial effects of social media marketing activities on community engagement and customer loyalty. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that community engagement increases customer loyalty. However, the results show that community engagement does not mediate between social media marketing activities and customer loyalty. This research highlights the importance of integrating social media into marketing campaigns to foster customer relationships and boost loyalty.
The mediating role of work motivation: The effect of leadership, workload, and reward on employee performance
Authors: Rahmadhon Gilang , Firdaus Vera , Sumartik Sumartik
Published: September 2024

Employee performance is considered key in achieving company goals, reflecting commitment, dedication and contribution to the company's vision. Motivation, as the main driver in the work environment, is a key factor in motivating employees to contribute optimally. Effective leaders have the ability to influence employee behavior. Heavy workloads, especially for drivers and helpers, can have a negative impact on employee motivation. Companies are advised to seek an optimal balance in workload to ensure employee well-being and productivity. Recognition and reward strategies are expected to maintain high quality employees. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship and influence of leadership, workload and rewards on employee performance with work motivation as a mediating variable at liquefied petroleum gas distributors in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. This research used a cluster sampling technique with a total of 105 respondents. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The findings demonstrate leadership, workload and rewards have a positive effect on employee performance, however work motivation cannot mediate leadership, workload and rewards on employee performance.
The influence of leadership and entrepreneurial orientation on organizational agility mediated by motivation
Authors: Sentoso Antony , Chou Cindy , Nelson Alden
Published: September 2024

The hotel sector has started to recover after the post pandemic. The sudden change has forced hotel management to respond quickly to market changes. Since the hotel sector interacts directly with consumers, it needs to be extremely flexible in order to enhance product management and improve productivity. Organizational agility enables it to respond to the constantly shifting integrated environment and adapt to new knowledge. The research aims the study of motivation, entrepreneurial orientation, and leadership as factors to increase organizational agility are significant in the hotel industry. The population in this study was hotel employees in Batam, Indonesia. The data collection method used in the research was to create a questionnaire as a medium for collecting data obtained from respondents. In total, 268 responses were collected. The sample selection method used in this research was purposive sampling. This research was tested using the partial least squares with structural equation model. Result of the research shows that both entrepreneurial orientation and leadership has positive effect on motivation and organizational agility. However, motivation has no significant effect on organizational agility. The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and leadership which motivation as the mediator, doesn’t has a significant effect on organizational agility.
Technology acceptance model theory on intention to use e-recruitment
Authors: Azzatillah Azzatillah , Nada Lifatin , Rahmadina Dean Seshar , Chairunnisa Chairunnisa , Savira Dhelvianti Azni
Published: September 2024

Currently, e-recruitment activities are human resource digitalization activities that not only change the perspective of job seekers about finding and applying for jobs but also change the way organizations attract new candidates to job positions. This study examines and analyzes the intention to use e-recruitment using the development of the theory of technology acceptance model 2. The quantitative method is the research method used in this study. The sample collection used purposive random sampling through an online questionnaire to obtain a sample of 177 respondents. The analysis in this study uses a variant-based structural equation model  with partial least squares. The analysis results indirectly show that someone with a subjective norm will have a higher perceived usefulness of e-recruitment, affecting the higher intention to use e-recruitment. This also happens to someone who has a perceived ease of use of e-recruitment, which will increase the perceived usefulness of e-recruitment, increasing the intention to use e-recruitment. Subjective norm will directly affect someone's intention to use and perceived usefulness of e-recruitment; perceived usefulness will affect intention to use e-recruitment; and perceived ease of use will influence perceived usefulness and intention to use e-recruitment.
A Experience of the Psychiatric Nurse• A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Jeung lee Bai
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore and de scribe the experience of psychiatric nurse. The qualitative research method used was phenomeno logical approach.The interviewees were eight psychiatric nurses who had experienced. The data were collected through in-depth unstructureed interviews with audiotape recording done by the investigator over a period of eight months.The data were analyzed according to the Colaizzi's method.The interview data organised by themes irUo seven categories emerged from the analysis. The categories were varies ambivalent feeling, motiv ation to apply, awareness of the limitation, conflict, discover of valuing, negative percept ion and desire for development.This study will prove helpful understanding psy chiatric nurses.
Concept Analysis of Forgiveness
Authors: Lee Kyoung Soon
Published: September 2024

The concept of forgiveness was analyzed by Walker and Avant's method to make a theoretical framework for nursing.As the result of concept analysis, ‘voluntariness’， •reciprocality’, ‘hurt’，* healing*, 4 working of divine power’，and 1 elapse of time' were identified as the essential elements and characteristics of forgive ness.‘Voluntariness’ includes voluntary act, choice or decision making to deal with the past events.' Reciprocal it3 z， indicates the mutual, not unidirectional, attitute or reaction. ‘Hurt’ means a kind of emotional pain or suffering caused by one person to another. * Healing* means cure of emotion al pain or suffering. 'Working of divine power* indicates that it is not possible to solve the problem only by his/her own power, but through God’s help.1 Elapse of time' means that it needs much of time tosolve the problem.Further research is needed to develop forgiveness scale.
A Study on Middle and High School Teacher's Opinion about Mental Illness
Authors: Rho Eun Sun , Kim Sung Hee
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the re lationship between middle and high school teacher’s opinion about mental illness and their general characteristics. The subjects were a sample of 213 teachers selected from three middle schools and three high schools in Seoul. Data was collected from January to March in 1998 through questionnaires.The questionnaire was developed by Cohen and Struening referred to as the “Opinions about Mental Illness(OMI) Scale”. The scale has 51 Likert-type items. Data analysis include means, percentages, t-test, and ANOVA.The finding of the study are as follows :1. Authoritarianism(Factor A) was found to be sig nificantly related to such variables as age, sex, existence of mental patien； in the family or rela tive.2. Benevolence(Factor B) was found to be signifi cantly related to such variables as age, the niiniber of years of service, existence of mental patient in the family or relative.3. Mental Health Ideology (Factor C) was found to be significantly related to such variables as age, marriage state, existence of children, the number of years of service.4. Social Restrictiveness(Factor D) was found to be significantly related to such variables as age, mar riage state, existence of children, the number of years of service.5. Interpersonal Etiology (Factor E) was found to be significantly related to such variables as age, the number of years of service.
The Effects of Art Therapy Program on Psychiatric Patients’ Self-Esteem and Interpersonal Relationship
Authors: Lee Sang Yun , Lee Kyung Hee
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study, ts to systematically evaluate and varify the effe( ts of the art therapy program on the self-esteem, interpersonal relation ship of psychiatric patients.The data were collected from ten samples in the experimental group and twelve samples in the con trol group hospitalized at the Dept, of Psychiatric in Yeungnam University Medical Center from July ().1998 to September 26, 1998.At first, the experimental group was met to make rapport and to set mutual goals a week before the beginning of the program. And then the art therapy program was applied three or four times a week for three weeks, total ten times.Three weeks later, the evaluation of the program was performed which is based on the questionaire.interviews of patients and observations. The instruments of the study were measured by Self-Esteem Scale developed by Rosenberg(1 $)(55) :Relationship Change Scale of Schlein and Guerney translated by Moon, Seon Mo(1980) arid modified by Cheon. Suk Kyunl. 1994).The questionaires on the art therapy program were distr ibuted in order to evaluate the programs.The data were analysed by Mann-Whitney Tests, and the answers of each question were numbered.The results of this study were summarized as follows :1. The first hypothesis, 'The experimental group which received the art therapy program would have a higher score from the self-esteem scale than the control group, was supported(p =.0(X)).2. The third hypothesis. experimental group which received the art therapy program would have a higher score frem the interpersonal re lationship scale than t:ie control group', was supported i p = .029).3. The program was positively evaluated from tlic questionairs, interviews and analysis of the program.In conclusion, throughout trie study, the art ther apy program shows positive effects on the self -es teem, interpersonal relationship of psychiatric patients.
Transactional Analysis of Verbal Communication Patterns Between Nurse and Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Lee Kyung Hee
Published: September 2024

This study was attempted to explore structures and characteristics of verbal communication in nurse -patient interactions.Berne’s Transactional Analysis theory was used to analyse the verbal processes.The subjects selected for this study were two patients able to communicate wkh the nurse, ones diagnosis was bipolar disorder, manic, the other’s major depression(DSM — IV).Data collection was done from February 18 to February 23，1999.The results were as follows.1. From the descriptive dimensions 1) When the nurse commundite with the manic patient, the patient tended to use Free Child (45.61%), the nurse Adult(57.89%).2) When the nurse communicate with the de pressed patient, the patient tended to use Free Chiki(30.26%), the nurse Adult(76.32%).3) When the manic and depressed patient were compared. Free Child(45.61%). was used by both patients (manic : 43.61%, depressed :3(》.2나%) but Nutunng Parent was scarecely used (both 2.63%).2. From the result of hypothesis testing 1) When the nurse communicate with the bipolar disorder, the hypothesis that the nurse tended to use Adult was accepted(X2 = p.826, P<«01).2) The hypothesis that the depressive patient tended to use Parent more than the manic was refused(Z= —1.666, P>.05).3) The hypothesis that, the manic patient tended to use Child much morn than the depressive was accepted (Z = 2.772, p <. 05).From the above result, tin suggestions would be presented.1. The research which is based on TA theory would applied to the transactions with not only patients but also their relatives, colleagues and other health care colleagues.2. The research should be rep icated, so TA theories and ways of doing psychiai ric nursing care could Yk? constantly expanded and examined 3. A transactional model of nurse-patient interac tion should be proposed and tested repeatedl;
The Comparative Study of Family Communication and Function between Schizophrenic Adolescents and Normal Adolescents
Authors: Lee Kyung Ho
Published: September 2024

This study aims to appreciate the differences be tween schizophrenic adolescenis and normal ones iri view of family communication and functioning, which will be of great service to find out the ways for maintaining harmonious family relationship.Data for this research was collected from December, 1997 till August, 1998. One hundred eighty nine high school normal students(73 families in Seoul) and one hundred twenty three problem adolescents (42 farm I ies) were chosen for sampling. The tools employed in this study are David H. Oisen et al’s Parent -Adolescent Communication Scale (PAC. 20 items), Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES, 20 items). 1'he reliabilities on P/XC, FACES, and the tools for measuring schizophrenic adolescents are Chronbach a. 889, Chronbach a. 845.The data were analysed by SPSS program and the hypotheses were tested using 】nean score, percent age, X 2 -test, t-test, Pearson Correlation Coef ficiency.The results of this study are as follows :1. The first hypothesis that the mean score of schizophrenic adolescents would be lower than that of normal adolescent s in view of parent-child communication proved to be true.2. The second hypothesis tha'. the mean score of schizophrenic adolescents would be lower than that of normal adolescents in view of family functioning was supported. 3. The third hypothesis that the mean score of parent -child communication would be consistent with that of family functioning turned out to be true.Finally, all family member s mutual love and care are most important for the prevention of adoles cents 1 schizophrenia. It is certain that family ther apy is more effective than individual therapy to solve the adolescents’ problems.The following suggestions can be derived from the above-mentioned results. 1，Now that the adaptability effect of the familyoriented intervention upon the adolescents suf fering from schizophrenia proved remarkable, similar studies for schizophrenia intervention in terms of family treatment effect are needed.2) The further studies to identify the family characteristics of the abnormal adolescents and the normal ones are needed.3) The further development of a systematic tech nique for family treatment to solve mental pro blems is needed.
High School Students’ Alcohol use and Related Factors
Authors: Yang Soo , Park Ho Ran , Sohng Kyeong Yae , Kim Nam Cho , Jo Sun Jin , Moon Jung Soon
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to offer some scopes that is needed to develop an strategy for preventing of drinking in high school students. For this, we analysed the factors affecting on high school students' alcohol use. Methods: An survey was conducted from 5, Nov. 2002 to 11, Nov. 2002 to the high school students( 1,551) of the 1st and 2nd grade at S-gu at Seoul based on the self-reported questionnaires. The data were analyzed by the SPSS for Windows 10.0 with multiple logistic regression to determine the factors aftecting on aocohol use.Results: The drinking rate of life-time was 82.1%, and current drinking rate was 70.2%. Mother's drinking(OR=l .89, P=.019), having drinking friend(s)(OR=3.74, P=.005), drinking alone or with friend(s) at the first experience(OR=l .87, P=.031), current smoker(OR=l 1.42, P=.02) increased the possibility of being current drinkers.Conclusions: With comprehensive regards to family, friend-school life, and health risk behavior factors, a program of drinking prevention for high school students should be developed.
Ana e as carrancas de uma vida
Authors: Alves Dias Thiago
Published: September 2024

O ano 2023 é dedicado às efemérides e comemorações do centenário de nascimento de Ana das Carrancas. A mesma foi uma ceramista negra pernambucana, nascida em 1923, no mesmo ano em que foi promulgada no Brasil a Lei de Regulamentação de Locação dos Serviços Domésticos, além da criação do Conselho Nacional do Trabalho. Em consequência, surgiram nas Câmaras Legislativas Estaduais e Municipais do Brasil diversas propostas de regulação das relações do trabalho das pessoas que alugavam seus serviços domésticos, tendo como características comuns a necessidade de matrícula e o uso de uma identificação profissional com repercussões criminais. Amparados nas proposituras de Sueli Carneiro sobre a estrutura ocupacional brasileira racista e misógina, aliado aos pressupostos teóricos de François Dosse em O desafio biográfico (2009), tendo como fontes as legislações trabalhistas das primeiras décadas do século XX e as notícias de jornais das últimas décadas do mesmo século. O presente artigo discute, a partir de fatos e processos concernentes à vida de Ana das Carrancas, paralelismos históricos que evidenciam a luta pelo trabalho, as migrações internas vividas por sua família e a dignidade social de mulheres negras no Brasil durante o século XX.
Família, morte e cultura material na era das rebeliões
Authors: Belmonte Alexandre
Published: September 2024

A complexa e gigantesca máquina burocrática da administração espanhola de suas colônias  deixou de legado um dos mais importantes espólios documentais do ponto de vista de como a sociedade hispano-americana se pensava, que bens seus diversos segmentos sociais possuíam, como lidavam com questões legais e de legitimidade, e como estavam constituídas as famílias. Trata-se dos testamentos e inventários de bens. São documentos legais, de natureza tanto espiritual quanto jurídica, escritos por um escrivão em papel timbrado do estado, conformados por diversas cláusulas que versam, dentre outras coisas, sobre a salvação da alma, o reconhecimento de filhos ilegítimos e a distribuição de bens na forma de herança. De acordo com as cláusulas dos testamentos, se podem perceber e analisar uma série de aspectos da vida cotidiana da sociedade colonial: se reconhece a proveniência geográfica e étnica do testador, sua idade, seu endereço e conformação familiar, seu estado de saúde, sua religiosidade, práticas funerárias e de enterro, seu estado civil e descendência, os bens materiais que possuía, suas relações familiares e sociais, sua relação com a Igreja etc. Evidentemente, nem todos esses elementos estão presentes o tempo todo em todos os testamentos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as diferentes configurações familiares depreendidas a partir dos testamentos, determinando a relação do testador com a morte iminente, bem como suas condições de vida enquanto indígenas, pela análise dos bens que deixa a seus herdeiros. A documentação selecionada para esta pesquisa é constituída por 30 testamentos de indígenas; 12 testamentos e inventários de criollos e padres espanhóis, da Audiência de Charcas, entre as décadas de 1750 e 1790; e 10 testamentos variados dos séculos XVI e XVII. O material foi identificado, recolhido e adquirido no Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales de Bolivia e no Archivo Histórico de Potosí-Casa de la Moneda, entre 2019 e 2021.
Heylo digital leakage notification system: improving quality of life and reducing healthcare costs for ostomates
Authors: Ndlovu Sime
Published: September 2024

Leakage is a major complication for ostomates, causing anxiety, low self-esteem and psychological distress. It also leads to an increased utilisation of healthcare services, placing a financial burden on the NHS. Despite advances in stoma products, leakage remains a primary concern for patients. Heylo, the first product to provide pre-leak notifications, aims to address this issue. This article explores the experiences of three patients who trialled Heylo after reporting a significant impact from leakage on the Leakage Impact Assessment tool.
Diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats and its associated complications
Authors: Chapman Dr Stella
Published: September 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a complex endocrinopathy, with a pathogenesis that varies between individuals. Diabetes mellitus impairs the body's ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood and urine. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease remains poorly understood. Diabetes mellitus is reported to occur as a result of the interplay between environmental and genetic factors. In veterinary medicine, human nomenclature of diabetic types cannot be applied as accurately to dogs and cats; however, both type 1 and type 2 diabetes do seem to occur. Classic clinical signs of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss result from protracted hyperglycaemia and glucosuria. Good management of diabetes mellitus is vital to minimise complications that are associated with this disease, and includes dietary measures, exercise, control of concurrent disease, oral hypoglycaemic drugs and/or insulin treatment. The goals of treatment are to eliminate signs and the life-threatening effects of hyperglycaemia. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats and discuss the complications that can arise in the management of this disease.
On Steklov eigenspaces for free boundary minimal surfaces in the unit ball
Authors: Kusner Robert , Mcgrath Peter
Published: September 2024

abstract: We develop new methods to compare the span $\Coord(\Sigma)$ of the coordinate functions on a free boundary minimal submanifold $\Sigma$ embedded in the unit $n$-ball $\B^n$ with its first Steklov eigenspace $\firsteigen(\Sigma)$. Using these methods, we show that $\Coord(A)=\firsteigen(A)$ for any embedded free boundary minimal annulus $A$ in $\B^3$ invariant under the antipodal map, and thus prove that $A$ is congruent to the critical catenoid. We also confirm that $\Coord=\firsteigen$ for any free boundary minimal surface embedded in $\B^3$ with the symmetries of many known or expected examples, including: examples of any positive genus from stacking at least three disks; two infinite families of genus $0$ examples with dihedral symmetry, as well as a finite family with the various Platonic symmetries; and examples of any genus by desingularizing several disks that meet at equal angles along a diameter of the ball.
Gifts from Dry Creek: Land as Teacher in a Place-Based Stream Ecology Curriculum
Authors: Howarth Christa M. , Miller Brant G.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This field report grounds the experience of two coaches and ten high schoolers exploring the ecology of Dry Creek, informed by the theory that land is a teacher and gift-giver. As author/coach and co-author, we share the importance of value-shifting education to address the value-system failures at the root of climate change, which threatens Dry Creek and waterways worldwide. We illustrate how a place-based and student-directed stream ecology experience integrates disciplines for climate change education. We draw upon Land Education literature to interrogate our role as settler environmental educators working to uphold multiple ways of knowing. Dry Creek shared peace, learnings, and evidence of life with participants. This field report shows how learning that foregrounds the natural world as teacher and gift-giver is a first step in the formation of reciprocal relationships with the Earth.
Street Children in European Cities during the Late Nineteenth and the Early Twentieth Centuries: Looking into the Pages of the Late Imperial Austrian Press
Authors: Papathanassiou Maria
Published: September 2024

Abstract: At a time of increasing concern for poor children, the study of Austrian press records during the late imperial period shows the intensity of street children’s presence in Austrian and other European cities as well as particularly harsh aspects of child exploitation at an international level. It reveals the multiple ways in which street children in urban Austria as well as in other European countries were perceived: as victims in need of rescue; as a nuisance in everyday city life; as a threat to social and moral order; and as a threat to “civilized” Austria and Europe in general.
“Depraved and Vicious”: The Incorrigible Inmates of New Zealand’s Girls’ Reformatory 1900–1918
Authors: Blondell Delwyn
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Between 1900 and 1918, New Zealand sent its least cooperative girls and young women into a single state-run reformatory. Te Oranga’s inmates included girls raised in industrial schools, thieving domestic servants, and sexually active adolescents. Using a collective biography approach, this study examines these “incorrigible girls” to test their negative portrayal in contemporary reporting. Comparing girls’ life courses shows little difference in either precipitating factors or life outcomes. This research suggests that the moral panic about youthful sexual activity exaggerated the social dangers and that girls grew out of their troublesome tendencies during lengthy preventative detention rather than being reformed.
“There Was no Goodnight Hug or Kiss”: The Foundling Hospital and the Feeling of Family, 1900–1950
Authors: Phillips Claire
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Experiences of former foundlings have often been neglected. However, a project collecting the memories of former foundlings from 1900 to 1950 has allowed an analysis of foundlings’ experiences of family within the first half of the twentieth century. This collection of oral histories permits development in the historiography of children’s institutions in the twentieth century. This article shares experiences of family within the London Foundling Hospital and argues that while the Foundling Hospital provided foster care for children under the age of five, therefore providing them with a family, upon their return to the London Hospital this family disappeared. Family life and relationships became complicated throughout their time in the Hospital’s care.
“I Am Sure Glad I Was Not Born in the 30s”: Multigenerational Reactions to Booky’s Great Depression
Authors: Brookfield Tarah
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Bernice Thurman Hunter’s Booky trilogy depicts the economic hardships of a white, working-class girl nicknamed Booky who lived in Toronto, Canada, in the Great Depression. This article analyzes hundreds of letters sent to Hunter from two cohorts of readers: adults who grew up in the 1930s and school-age children coming of age in the 1980s and 1990s. The adult letters brim with details of their own Depression-era childhoods, while young readers express shock at how difficult things were in 1930s and compare Booky’s experiences to their own challenges and privileges. The letters’ revelations demonstrate how readers used a piece of historical fiction to grapple with the past—be it their own childhoods or the history of childhood.
Does High School Facility Quality Affect Student Achievement?: A Two-Level Hierarchical Linear Model
Authors: Bowers Alex J. , Urick Angela
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to isolate the independent effects of high school facility quality on student achievement using a large, nationally representative U.S. database of student achievement and school facility quality. Prior research on linking school facility quality to student achievement has been mixed. Studies that relate overall independently rated structural and engineering aspects of schools have been shown to not be related to achievement. However, more recent research has suggested that facility maintenance and disrepair, rather than structural issues, may be more directly related to student achievement. If there is a relationship, addressing facility disrepair from the school, district, or state level could provide a potential avenue for policymakers for school improvement. We analyzed the public school component and the facilities checklist of the ELS:2002 survey (8,110 students in 520 schools) using a two-level hierarchical linear model to estimate the independent effect of facility disrepair on student growth in mathematics during the final two years of high school controlling for multiple covariates at the student and school level. We found no evidence of a direct effect of facility disrepair on student mathematics achievement and instead propose a mediated effects model.
Periodic Fasting and Religious Calendars in China, 1700–1950
Authors: Goossaert Vincent
Published: September 2024

Abstract: A major form of meat abstinence in modern China was the observance of periodic fasting, as distinct from permanent vegetarianism. This article explores the various forms of such observances and their evolution from late imperial times to the Republican period. It describes the religious calendars that circulated widely from the late Qing onward and identifies the most common fasting regimens (and the associated gods) that people selected from a large choice of fasting days. It then draws on narrative material to tease out how and why people adopted such regimens and to discuss debates and polemics about them. Finally, it shows that periodic fasting continued to be popular during the twentieth century, exhibiting more continuities than current studies of modern changes in the discourses about vegetarianism would suggest.
Reasserting the Buddhist Tradition: Lü Bicheng and Chinese Vegetarianism in a Global Context
Authors: Schumann Matthias
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Examining the transnational activities of the famous poetess, journalist, and Pure Land Buddhist Lü Bicheng (1883–1943), this article explores how the Buddhist practices of vegetarianism and nonkilling were transformed during the early twentieth century within an increasingly globalized religious sphere. Lü traveled widely through Europe and North America, and, in her English-language writings and lectures, she presented vegetarianism and nonkilling not only as essential aspects of Buddhist practice but also as forces of social and political reform. Engaging with Buddhists and animal protection activists from around the world, she aimed to spread a more positive image of Chinese Pure Land Buddhism, which was marginalized in international discourses of the time. The activities of Lü Bicheng thereby show how Chinese Buddhists aimed to project their own ideas onto the global stage and became active voices in a global "coproduction" of Buddhist knowledge.
Fast neural network inverse model to maximize throughput in ultra-wideband WDM systems
Authors: Gan Zelin , Shevchenko Mykyta , Nallaperuma Herzberg Sam , Savory Seb J.
Published: September 2024

Ultra-wideband systems expand the optical bandwidth in wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems to provide increased capacity using the existing fiber infrastructure. In ultra-wideband transmission, power is transferred from shorter-wavelength WDM channels to longer-wavelength WDM channels due to inelastic inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering. Thus, managing launch power is necessary to improve the overall data throughput. While the launch power optimization problem can be solved by the particle swarm optimization method it is sensitive to the objective value and requires intensive objective calculations. Hence, we first propose a fast and accurate data-driven deep neural network-based physical layer in this paper which can achieve 99%−100% throughput compared to the semi-analytical approach with more than 2 orders of magnitude improvement in computational time. To further reduce the computational time, we propose an iterative greedy algorithm enabled by the inverse model to well approximate a sub-optimal solution with less than 6% performance degradation but almost 3 orders of magnitude reduction in computational time.
Human cells contain myriad excised linear intron RNAs with links to gene regulation and potential utility as biomarkers
Authors: Yao Jun , Xu Hengyi , Ferrick-Kiddie Elizabeth A. , Nottingham Ryan M. , Wu Douglas C. , Ares Manuel , Lambowitz Alan M.
Published: September 2024

A previous study using Thermostable Group II Intron Reverse Transcriptase sequencing (TGIRT-seq) found human plasma contains short (≤300 nt) structured full-length excised linear intron (FLEXI) RNAs with potential to serve as blood-based biomarkers. Here, TGIRT-seq identified >9,000 different FLEXI RNAs in human cell lines, including relatively abundant FLEXIs with cell-type-specific expression patterns. Analysis of public CLIP-seq datasets identified 126 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that have binding sites within the region corresponding to the FLEXI or overlapping FLEXI splice sites in pre-mRNAs, including 53 RBPs with binding sites for ≥30 different FLEXIs. These included splicing factors, transcription factors, a chromatin remodeling protein, cellular growth regulators, and proteins with cytoplasmic functions. Analysis of ENCODE datasets identified subsets of these RBPs whose knockdown impacted FLEXI host gene mRNA levels or proximate alternative splicing, indicating functional interactions. Hierarchical clustering identified six subsets of RBPs whose FLEXI binding sites were co-enriched in six subsets of functionally related host genes: AGO1-4 and DICER, including but not limited to agotrons or mirtron pre-miRNAs; DKC1, NOLC1, SMNDC1, and AATF (Apoptosis Antagonizing Transcription Factor), including but not limited to snoRNA-encoding FLEXIs; two subsets of alternative splicing factors; and two subsets that included RBPs with cytoplasmic functions (e.g., LARP4, PABPC4, METAP2, and ZNF622) together with regulatory proteins. Cell fractionation experiments showed cytoplasmic enrichment of FLEXI RNAs with binding sites for RBPs with cytoplasmic functions. The subsets of host genes encoding FLEXIs with binding sites for different subsets of RBPs were co-enriched with non-FLEXI other short and long introns with binding sites for the same RBPs, suggesting overarching mechanisms for coordinately regulating expression of functionally related genes. Our findings identify FLEXIs as a previously unrecognized large class of cellular RNAs and provide a comprehensive roadmap for further analyzing their biological functions and the relationship of their RBPs to cellular regulatory mechanisms.