bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In situ measurements of O2 and CO eq.  in cement kilns
Authors: Driesner Olga , Gumprecht Fred , Guth Ulrich
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The simultaneous in situ measurement of O2 and CO eq.  in cement kilns is a great challenge due to the high process temperatures and high dust load. The standard method for measurement for flue gas in cement kilns is extractive. Extractive measurements have a higher response time due to the flue gas conditioning including the length of heated extraction lines for electrochemical or optical analysis. This delayed response is not optimal for fast process control.A probe was developed for this purpose in which the in situ solid electrolyte oxygen sensor and an in situ CO eq.  mixed potential sensor are implemented. Due to the high temperatures, the probe is cooled by a water–coolant mixture. In order to prevent deposits of raw material forming and sintering on the probe, it rotates 90° in programmable intervals. In addition, an automated probe plunger pneumatically removes plugging at the probe flue gas entrance, also in programmable intervals. These self-cleaning functions allow the probe to continually stay in the process for combustion optimisation (low excess O2 and CO) and enable the plant operator to measure additional process-related gas components (NO, SO2, HCl etc.) and optimise the SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) for NOx reduction. Combustion air supply can be adapted very quickly due to the in situ sensors, which has been demonstrated by a CEMTEC® probe over years (Märker Cement Harburg, 2017).
New methodology to estimate Arctic sea ice concentration from SMOS combining brightness temperature differences in a maximum-likelihood estimator
Authors: Gabarro Carolina , Turiel Antonio , Elosegui Pedro , Pla-Resina Joaquim A. , Portabella Marcos
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Monitoring sea ice concentration is required for operational and climate studies in the Arctic Sea. Technologies used so far for estimating sea ice concentration have some limitations, for instance the impact of the atmosphere, the physical temperature of ice, and the presence of snow and melting. In the last years, L-band radiometry has been successfully used to study some properties of sea ice, remarkably sea ice thickness. However, the potential of satellite L-band observations for obtaining sea ice concentration had not yet been explored. In this paper, we present preliminary evidence showing that data from the Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission can be used to estimate sea ice concentration. Our method, based on a maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE), exploits the marked difference in the radiative properties of sea ice and seawater. In addition, the brightness temperatures of 100 % sea ice and 100 % seawater, as well as their combined values (polarization and angular difference), have been shown to be very stable during winter and spring, so they are robust to variations in physical temperature and other geophysical parameters. Therefore, we can use just two sets of tie points, one for summer and another for winter, for calculating sea ice concentration, leading to a more robust estimate. After analysing the full year 2014 in the entire Arctic, we have found that the sea ice concentration obtained with our method is well determined as compared to the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) dataset. However, when thin sea ice is present (ice thickness ≲ 0.6 m), the method underestimates the actual sea ice concentration.
A Literature-Based Approach on International Perspectives of Bilingual Education
Authors: Ozfidan Burhan , Burlbaw Lynn
Published: August 2017

This study examines the bilingual education in Spain and in Canada, and discusses their historical backgrounds, current bilingual education programs in use, and teacher proficiency within their bilingual education programs. The purpose of this study is to examine these two countries’ bilingual education programs and find a way to implement a bilingual education program in Turkey. Because of innovative legal conditions and the establishment of special programs in Basque Country in Spain, the potential for increasing learners and speakers of the language is greater than ever before. Bilingual education models in the BAC have increased the number of well-educated young students and allowed them to have a better future. French is taught as a foreign language in Canada, and English is usually accepted as a first language, which has hindered the development of diverse types of immersion programs. Immersion programs have helped students learn other subjects and have also allowed them to acquire an additional language. This study presents a comparison of the situation of minority languages in Turkey with Canada and Spain offers many lessons. The purpose of this discussion is to establish the benefits and shortcomings of these bilingual education programs and the suitability of their models for minority groups living in Turkey. To provide an efficient education system, the differing needs of various areas should be considered. This can be demonstrated in examples drawn from Canada’s consideration of the French language and Spain’s consideration of the Basque language.
Reabilitação estética após fratura mandibular unilateral e perda precoce de dentes anteriores: relato de caso
Authors: Ripplinger Tamara , Pinto Gabriela Dos Santos , Spessato Deisi , Pavinato Larissa Corrêa Brusco , Riffel Caroline Dias Tams
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: discutir reabilitação de um caso clínico de avulsão precoce de dentes decíduos com fratura mandibular unilateral ocorrida após uma queda de três metros de altura. Relato de caso: paciente do gênero masculino, leucoderma, 2 anos e 5 meses de idade, apresentou-se na emergência do Hospital São Vicente de Paulo na cidade de Passo Fundo - RS com história de queda da laje da casa que estava em reforma. Ao exame físico intraoral, observou-se ausência dos elementos dentários 51 e 61, equimose em região mandibular unilateral e fratura mandibular. Como tratamento adotado utilizou-se um mantedor de espaço estético-funcional após a redução da fratura mandibular. Considerações finais: a ausência dos padrões de sorriso das crianças influencia a saúde e qualidade oral de vida de duas maneiras, no aspecto psicológico que inclui autopercepção da criança do seu próprio sorriso e o aspecto social que inclui a utilização do sorriso para demonstração de sentimentos. No caso relatado, o paciente embora jovem valorizava a questão estética e solicitou a reabilitação, fator importante a ser considerado, pois a autoimagem e a autoestima estão em formação e se não bem trabalhadas podem trazer consequências psicológicas para a vida adulta.
Interrelação entre sensibilidade pulpar e quantidade de dentina remanescente antes e após preparos cavitários em dentes posteriores
Authors: Dias Joselúcia Da Nóbrega , Lima Isabela Pinheiro Cavalcanti
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: relacionar a sensibilidade pulpar frente a estímulos térmicos e mecânicos com o remanescente dentinário, antes e após preparos cavitários classe I em dentes posteriores. Materiais e método: foram analisados 50 dentes, pré-molares e molares, de pacientes entre 20 e 40 anos. Os dentes foram submetidos a testes térmicos e mecânicos, bem como a tomadas radiográficas (bissetriz, paralelismo e interproximal), antes e após o preparo cavitário. Foi utilizado o software SPSS para tabulação dos dados, apresentando as médias dos remanescentes dentinários distribuídos por sexo e a relação entre a quantidade de dentina remanescente e a sensibilidade pulpar utilizando o Teste de Mann-Whitney, bem como a distribuição dessas médias de acordo com a técnica radiográfica, através do Teste de Wilcoxon e período da tomada radiográfica, através do Teste de Friedman, com pós teste de Wilcoxon e penalização com o ajuste de Bonferroni. Resultados: houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a quantidade de dentina remanescente quanto ao sexo no momento pós-preparo para todas as técnicas, principalmente na técnica interproximal (p=0,01). Foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as três técnicas radiográficas quanto às espessuras da dentina remanescente no momento pré-preparo, destacando-se a diferença entre as técnicas bissetriz e paralelismo. Os testes térmicos apresentaram uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a espessura de dentina remanescente e a sensibilidade da dor quanto à intensidade, no momento pré-preparo. Conclusão: a quantidade de dentina remanescente no assoalho das cavidades Classe I de Black não influencia a sensibilidade pulpar aos testes de vitalidade.
Efetividade de agentes químicos na desinfecção de tubetes anestésicos
Authors: Pauletti João Ricardo Alves , Lauermann Francine Daiane , Savy Gabriela Marchesan , Corsetti Adriana , Freddo Angelo Luiz
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade da desinfecção de tubetes anestésicos, in vitro, para procedimentos cirúrgicos ambulatoriais, utilizando álcool 70% (A), composto de iodo (I) solução aquosa de digluconato de clorexidina 0,12% (CA 0,12%), solução aquosa de digluconato de clorexidina 2% (CA 2%), solução alcoólica de digluconato de clorexidina 0,12% (CAL 0,12%), solução alcoólica de digluconato de clorexidina 2% (CAL 2%). Método: Como grupos controles utilizou-se a água destilada (D) e nenhum agente (SN). Após os tempos de exposição de cinco, dez e 15 minutos aos agentes desinfetantes realizou-se coleta das amostras com Swab que foram embebidas em caldo de tripticase de soja (TSB) e os tubos incubados a 37°C por 24 horas. As amostras foram inoculadas em placas de Petri contendo meio tripticase de soja ágar (TSA) e incubadas a 37°C por 48 horas, verificando a presença ou ausência de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias (CFU). Resultados: o estudo revelou que A e CA 0,12% foram efetivos apenas após 15 minutos de exposição. As soluções CA 2%, CAL 0,12%, CAL 2% e I foram efetivos nos tempos experimentais de cinco, dez e 15 minutos. Nos grupos controles (D e SN) houve crescimento bacteriano em todos os tempos experimentais. Conclusões: os agentes testados que demonstraram eficácia de desinfecção já em cinco minutos, associada ao baixo custo e facilidade de manipulação, foram: I, CA 2%, CAL 0,12%, CAL 2%. O resultado do grupo controle evidencia a necessidade de desinfecção dos tubetes previamente ao seu uso.
A rare case of cytomegalovirus presentation in a hemodialysis patient
Authors: Waele Liesbeth De , Wierckx Katrien , Bogaert Anne-Marie
Published: August 2017

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common viral infection in humans with a diverse manifestation, mostly dependent on the host. CMV infection in the immunocompetent host is generally asymptomatic or may present as a mononucleosis syndrome. Infection in immunocompromised patients cause substantial morbidity and mortality.Case representation: We report a rare manifestation of a CMV infection in a 87-year-old male with end-stage renal failure with dialysis dependency and diabetes who presents with diffuse abdominal pain and nausea. Further assessment with a CT scan of the abdomen showed a thickening of the wall of the preterminal ileum, suggestive of focal enteritis. Ileocolonoscopy showed a partial circular ulcerated mucosa of the preterminal ileum, biopsies showed ulcerations, etiology was unknown. A few days later he develops melena and anemia of 7.2 g/dl. Further exploration with gastroscopy was normal. A new colonoscopy showed no abnormalities; however the terminal ileum could not be visualized. An urgent laparotomy was performed because of hemodynamic instability and showed an ulcus of 7 cm with a thickened terminal ileum. An enterectomy of the inflammated part of the ileum was performed. Histopathology of the ulceration showed the presence of CMV inclusions in the vascular endothelium of the capillaires of the ileal segment. Serologic examination showed nonreactive CMV IgM antibodies and IgG antibodies were positive. PCR CMV showed 300 copies/ml (whole blood). Treatment with intravenous ganciclovir was started with good clinical and biochemical response.Conclusions: In the differential diagnosis CMV disease should be considered in any ulceration in the gastro-intestinal tract in the immunocompromised patient.
Perforated appendicitis in a preterm neonate: A case report with literature review
Authors: Bose Sanuja , Wakeman Derek
Published: August 2017

Neonatal appendicitis is a rare entity, with a mortality rate that has decreased in past decades but remained high. Of cases reported in the literature, more than 50% occur in preterm neonates, and none have been diagnosed preoperatively. Here, we report the case of a female infant of 27-4/7 weeks’ gestational age, who presented with perforated appendicitis on day of life (DOL) 30. She was thought to have medically refractory necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but was found, instead, to have perforated appendicitis during an exploratory laparotomy. A thorough literature search indicates she is the second youngest neonate to survive perforated appendicitis to date.
A variation of colon cut off sign in acute pancreatitis and its mechanism: Double cut-off sign
Authors: Ören Nisa Cem , Cancuri Osman , Kocaoğlu Murat , Bulakbaşı Nail
Published: August 2017

The colon cutoff sign is a single air-filled loop of transverse colon with abrupt termination of the distal colon. We report an acute pancreatitis case with colon “double” cut-off sign appears both on abdominal radiograph and computed tomography.
On the Fundamental Physical Constants: I. Phenomenology
Authors: Obande Ogaba Philip
Published: August 2017

The fundamental physical constants (FCs) are parametrized. The results reveal that: 1) FCs are field coupling constants. With the exception of ratio of identities such as μ = mp/me, there are no dimensionless constants – all FCs, including Alpha and pi, are dimensional. 2) The constant k = 1.6022 x 10-19 implicates: i) atomic unit of torque, it causes matter’s intrinsic rotation on all (atomic to cosmic) scales; ii) motion of unrestricted bodies through free space and random thermal (Brownian) motion in condensed matter; iii) superluminal space expansion, i.e., Hubble effect is not an acceleration but tangential velocity (pi c) of free space; and iv) common parametric definition of radioactivity and stellar explosion/supernova. 3) Newtonian gravitation comprises two potentials, a spherical pneumatic torque field G1 acts to inflate the gravitational envelope and a combination of force fields G2 impacts an acute hydrostatic pressure on the individual and common envelopes of the gravitating bodies; the two contrary force fields function to create a coherent rigid system in dynamic equilibrium. 4) The bosonic unit mass gravitational acceleration constant, gw = 7.9433 x 1059 m s-2 kg-1 is associated with the strong nuclear force (SNF), it binds matter on all (atomic to cosmic) scales. 5) Although the classical electron radius (CER) formulation re = e2/mec2 yields correct value, it is nonetheless fortuitous as me deviates from the theoretical value by twenty orders of magnitude and theory does not link spatial dimension to electrostatics charge quantum. 6) Successful evaluation of re by three alternative methods implies that an attempt to relegate the CER as currently obtains in the Standard Model seeks to re-engineer reality. 7) Electron bosonic radius identifies with the astronomical unit, it accounts for “spooky” action at a distance and “entanglement” effects. 8) Planck length fails to relate to atomic spatial dimension indicating that Planck space does not refer to the atom. 9) Electric, magnetic and gravitational effects are all motivated by torque but its magnitude differs according to the order: electrical (N m) > magnetic (N m)0.75 > gravitational (N m)0.25. It is submitted that even if the atom degraded with cosmological epoch, values of the FCs would remain fixed because they are parametric relative quantities.
A Journey of Self-Actualization of Amir in The Kite Runner
Authors: Du Juan
Published: August 2017

The Kite Runner is Khaled Hosseini’s debut novel, which not only shows a person’s spiritual growth, but also the history of the soul of a nation, and of a country’s suffering. It is about a journey of salvation and return of humanity. This journey can be viewed as going beyond religious, social and economic acceptance; it is a journey of self discovery while accepting the past. Through the analysis of the experiences of Amir from innocence to maturity, from betrayal to salvation, this paper attempts to reveal that on Amir’s way to redemption for what he did to Hassan, he has obtained the power of pursuit of love, loyalty, responsibility, dignity and courage. His cowardice and selfishness as well as suffering from conscience and condemnation and torture transform gradually into strong qualities. Therefore, this journey cannot merely be seen as self actualization of the protagonist himself but also the return of humanity of the whole human race.
Elizabeth Jane—An Independent Woman
Authors: Liu Qin
Published: August 2017

Thomas Hardy is one of the most important British novelists who have made great contribution to the English literary history. In his life, he created many impressive literary figures, most of whom are men with tragic endings, including Henchard the mayor in the Mayor of Casterbridge. Hardy is not a feminist, but with a detailed reading of his novels, his concern for the women in the patriarchal society is obvious. He really cares about women’s destiny in his novels. Both New and Traditional women are described in his works; however, most of the women in his works have tragic endings except Elizabeth Jane in the Mayor of Casterbridge. This paper will interpret the novel from the perspective of Elizabeth Jane. It will explore the factors that lead to the happy ending for Elizabeth. Her unique upbringing, her passion for knowledge, her fighting spirit all make her a remarkable independent woman in the novel.
Simulation and Calibration Between Parameters of Continuous Time Random Walks and Subdifusive Model
Authors: Pereira Ana Paula De Paiva , Fernandes João Paulo , Atman Allbens Picardi Faria , Acebal José Luiz
Published: August 2017

We address the problem of subdiusion or normal diusion to perform a calibration between the parameters used in simulation and the parameters of a subdifusive model. The theoretical model is written as a generalized diusion equation with fractional derivatives in time. The data is generated by simulations consisting of continuous-time random walks with controlled mean waiting time and jump length variance to provide a full range of cases between subdiusion andnormal diusion. From the simulations, we compare the accuracy of two methods to obtain the diusion constant, the order of fractional derivatives: the analysis of the dispersion of the variance in time and the optimization tting of theoretical model solutions to histogram of positions. We highlight the connection between the parameters of the simulations the parameters of the theoretical models.
Fabrication of Pure Electrospun Materials from Hyaluronic Acid
Authors: Pabjańczyk-Wlazło Ewelina , Krucińska Izabella , Chrzanowski Michał , Szparaga Grzegorz , Chaberska Agata , Kolesińska Beata , Komisarczyk Agnieszka , Boguń Maciej
Published: August 2017

The aim of the research was to develop optimal conditions for manufacturing materials based on hyaluronic acid by the electrospun method. The studies were composed of three stages: the process of selection of the optimal solvent (mixture of solvents), the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid, and the concentration of biopolymer in the spinning solution. The influence of variable parameters on the rheological properties of the spinning solutions and electrospinning trails was tested. Depending on the electrospinning regime applied, the fibers obtained were characterised by a diameter of the order of 20 to 400 nm. As a result of the development works presented, an optimal molecular weight of the polymer, its concentration and system of solvents were determined, together with process parameters, ensuring a stable electrospinning process and relatively homogeneous nanofibers. Additionally studies on the residues of solvents used during electrosun formation were done and parameters of drying of the final materials were examined. This approach (verification of the presence oforganic solvent residue in the nanofibrous formed) is important for the suitability of nanofibres as scaffolds for regenerative medicine. This study provides an opportunity for the understanding and identification of process parameters, allowing for predictable manufacturing nanofibers based on natural biopolymers, which makes it tremendously beneficial in terms of customisation.
Analysis of the Inhomogeneity of an Electrospun Mat Produced Using Static and Dynamic Collectors of Different Template Design, Including its Mitigation
Authors: Pathalamuthu Pitchaimuthu , Shahana Shamsheer , Nivedha Uthayakumaran , Siddharthan Arjunan , Giridev Venkateshwarapuram
Published: August 2017

In an electrospinning process, as the deposition of fibres occurs randomly over the collector, the mats produced are generally expected to have homogeneous properties throughout the mat. This study compares the ultimate tensile strength, porosity, thickness and morphology of the different portions of mats sectioned at various angular locations. The influence of the template design and mode of operation of the collectors on the properties of electrospun mats were investigated. The inhomogeneity in the properties of the electrospun mat produced using stationary collectors was significant, irrespective of the different template design of the collectors. However, the collectors operated in the dynamic mode decrease variations in the properties among the different sections of the electrospun mats. By choosing a particular template design and mode of operation of the collector, an electrospun mat of desired orientation can be achieved.
High Efficiency Covering Technology for Covered Yarns Production: Equipment and Experimente
Authors: Feng Pei , Feng Pei , Zhang Ronggen , Gan Jiajia , Yang Chongchang , Yang Chongchang
Published: August 2017

A new covering technology for producing covered yarns is proposed in this article. On a traditional yarn covering machine, a hollow spindle rotates with a bobbin of the outer wrapping yarn. In the new equipment, the turntable rotates with only one single outer wrapping yarn. With a magnetic device, the bobbin of core yarns is suspended in a balloon formed by outer wrapping yarns. The rotation speed of the turntable can reach 40000 rpm. A series of experiments on the new equipment were conducted and some covered yarn samples were obtained. The performance of these samples were tested and compared with that produced by traditional machines.
Antibacterial and Wrinkle Resistance Improvement of Nettle Biofibre Using Chitosan and BTCA
Authors: Arık Buket , Yavaş Arzu , Avinc Ozan
Published: August 2017

In this study, the possible improvement of the antibacterial and wrinkle resistance performance of 100% nettle fabrics was investigated. To realise this aim, antibacterial and wrinkle resistance finishing processes were applied. 1,2,3,4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and sodium hypophosphite (SHP) were used to impart the wrinkle resistance property. Moreover chitosan was incorporated in the finishing bath for the antibacterial property. The effects of respective treatments on the physical properties were determined and compared along with their antibacterial activity. BTCA concentration in the solutions influenced the physical properties of the nettle fabrics and 6% BTCA usage was found to be the optimum concentration rate. The addition of BTCA to the chitosan caused an improvement in the wrinkle resistance and slightly softer handle, in comparison with pure chitosan treatment; however, the strength loss slightly increased, as expected. The FTIR-ATR spectra showed a new peak that confirmed the ester linkage formation and crosslinking reaction.
Influence of Teeth Manufacturing Tolerances of Cylindrical Geared Wheels on GearOperating Characteristics Based on Spinner Stretching Apparatus
Authors: Rysiński Jacek , Drobina Robert , Praszkiewicz Marek
Published: August 2017

In the paper, issues related to the errors and inaccuracies resulting from improper operation of the drive system of the stretching apparatus of a ring spinner are discussed. The aim of the paper was an analysis of a design solution for the driving system of a ring spinner and its operating behaviour influencing the quality parameters of the fiber jet. In the paper, modelling of the involute teeth shape by means of a BEASY package was done. Based on the model prepared, an assessment of the sensivity of geometrical teeth outline on particular dynamical quantities for the gear of the stretching apparatus was performed. An improvement in the parameters of operating of the spinner can be achieved via changing of the design characteristics of elements of the driving system; in particular, modification of the teeth shape was considered. Within the scope of the work, numerical analyses of the meshing geared wheels were conducted taking into consideration the unevenness of operating of the drive system as well as load distribution acting along the line of action. In the paper, the boundary element method was utilised for evaluation of the load distribution in relation to spectral analysis connected with the unevenness of the fibers’ jet mass.
Updates on Immunohistochemical and Molecular Markers in Selected Head and Neck Diagnostic Problems
Authors: Yi Chun-Hui , (Jim) Zhai Qihui , Wang Beverly Y.
Published: August 2017

Context.—

The head and neck regions have complex anatomic structures. They are not exempted from the rare occurrences of highly unusual, diagnostically challenging malignant neoplasms and mimickers.

Objective.—

To review and update the utility of immunohistochemistry and molecular biomarkers and to pursue diagnostic accuracy on selected rare neoplasms, especially some poorly differentiated malignancies.

Data Sources.—

Personal experience and information from the literature.

Conclusions.—

Head and neck tumors include neoplasms originating from heterogeneous tissue. Using the selected clinical cases, this review illustrates a continuous development of emerging molecular-genetic techniques to assist in the interpretation of uncommon, often poorly differentiated, highly malignant neoplasms. The diagnostic results are appropriately transmitted to the oncologists, radiation oncologists, and surgeons to create a coordinated plan of care for patients with these unusual disorders affecting the head and neck.
Giant Cell Arteritis of the Breast
Authors: Tabbarah Abeer , Voltaggio Lysandra
Published: August 2017

Giant cell arteritis is an inflammatory lesion of the large- and medium-sized arteries, usually involving the temporal arteries of older women. Rarely, the breast has been reported as the primary site of involvement. Patients usually present with breast masses that are tender or painful in most reported cases. The disease may be associated with constitutional symptoms that resemble polymyalgia rheumatica, but most reported cases do not have an established diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Clinically, giant cell arteritis of the breast may mimic breast carcinoma. Establishing the diagnosis is important because most patients achieve remission of symptoms after treatment with prednisone.
Introduction to the Thematic Section
Authors: Dam Helle V. , Zethsen Karen Korning
Published: August 2017

No abstract.
Marketscapes. Market between Culture and Globalization
Authors: Rittenhofer Iris , Nielsen Martin
Published: August 2017

What happens to market communication theory (MCT) when it embraces a global business world? MCT’s applications of the ‘global’ turn out to serve “as a magniﬁer” for modernity, when we discuss MCT and its conceptions of the market from the perspective of emergent and dynamic cultural theory. We critically discuss the conception of the market, the relation between communication and market and how globalization is integrated into the ﬁeld. We then interface selected approaches to MCT with cultural approaches to globalization. Finally, we explore and suggest new ways of bringing together market, culture, communication and the global. In the course of these critical discussions, we develop the elements of an alternative conception of the global market as marketscapes. Furthermore, we point to several consequences of our ﬁndings for MCT. MCT has to deal with a global market as a concept, that is a way of perceiving and thinking stakeholder activities in a ‘translocal’, post-national and multidirectional perspective. We conclude by pointing out areas for future MC research.
Language Is not Enough - Knowledge Perspectives on Work-Based Learning in Global Organisations
Authors: Dohn Nina Bonderup , Kjær Christopher
Published: August 2017

In many larger organisations, increased globalisation has made more acute the need for a continuing competence development of employees, collaborators and customers. For logistic and ﬁnancial reasons, companies such as Danfoss A/S and Danske Bank have chosen to deliver many of their competence development courses in a purely virtual setting, utilizing various synchronous and asynchronous ICT-tools. The aim of this article is to present a view of competence as ‘knowledge in practice’ and explore the pedagogical implications of this view for such ICT-based competence development. The ‘knowledge in practice’ of the competent employee, it is argued, is a unity of linguistically expressible and tacit (experiential and practical) aspects. The article discusses how competence development courses can be designed as work-based blended learning in order to at once support practitioners in invoking the tacit dimensions of their knowledge and in innovating the practices from which these tacit dimensions stem. A concrete example of a course design which meets these requirements is presented. The example concerns a case study conducted by C. Kjær at Danfoss in its global educational unit Danfoss Refrigeration & Air Condition Academy (Danfoss RA Web Academy).
Redewiedergabe in verschiedener Form - ein Vergleich Deutsch-Norwegisch
Authors: Solfjeld Kåre
Published: August 2017

The subject of the present empirical study – based on both ﬁctional texts and newspaper texts – is direct and indirect reported speech in German and Norwegian. The focus of the study is the broader range of structural possibilities for marking reported speech in German, for instance the subjunctive mood, which can be exploited to signal reported speech in syntactically independent sentences, i.e. on discourse top-level, in a way that is not possible in Norwegian. The study shows that the structural differences create different possibilities in German and Norwegian for identifying propositions as having another origin than the actual speaker/writer. Generally, Norwegian readers must rely on pragmatic inferences to a higher degree than German readers in order to identify the source. Furthermore, direct reported speech is more frequent in the Norwegian than in the German newspaper texts.
Doenças em bovinos confinados - desafios sanitários em um confinamento de grande porte
Authors: Lopes Baptista Anderson , De Almeida Fonseca Pedro , Lobato Menezes Guilherme , Queiroz Magalhães Layane
Published: August 2017

O Brasil é reconhecido como o segundo maior exportador mundial de carne bovina (Beef and Veal Meat Exports by Country in 1000 MT CWE - Country Rankings, 2016). No ano 2016 foram abatidos 24.276.178 cabeças, segundo dados do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Apesar deste destaque no cenário mundial, o país ainda apresenta uma atividade heterogênea nos sistemas de produção e mecanismos de gestão. Coexistem dois subsistemas de produção bastante distintos: o primeiro é de alta qualidade, caracterizado pela adoção de tecnologia avançada e padrões eficientes de gestão e de comercialização; o segundo, de baixa qualidade, baseia-se na produção extensiva, pequena intensidade tecnológica e padrões precários de gestão e de comercialização do gado. O século XXI traz competitividade, e nesse cenário, as empresas precisam inovar, adaptar-se, implementando procedimentos para produzirem mais e melhor, verificando seus pontos fracos e fortes; também devem avaliar seus desempenhos, afinal, “o que não é medido não é gerenciado” . Em pecuária, a mensuração dos dados de compra e venda de animais, gastos com nutrição, sanidade, mão de obra, entre outros, são de suma importância para realizar a análise de custos e receitas.
Língua azul: desmistificando a doença
Authors: Alvarez Balaro Mário Felipe , Da Silva Paulo César Amaral Ribeiro , Zandonadi Brandão Felipe
Published: August 2017

A língua azul é uma enfermidade viral infecciosa dos ruminantes e camelídeos, cujos vetores são dípteros hematófagos do gênero Culicoides. As manifestações da doença vão desde inaparente até fatal, dependendo do sorotipo viral envolvido, da espécie, da raça e idade do animal infectado. A doença normalmente ocorre quando espécies sensíveis são introduzidas em áreas com circulação de sorotipos virulentos ou quando estes são introduzidas em populações não expostas previamente. Os sinais clínicos incluem febre, edema facial, hemorragias, ulceração de mucosa oral e coronite. Alterações patológicas incluem distúrbios como hiperemia, edema e hemorragia em sistema tegumentar, circulatório, gastrointestinal e muscular. O diagnóstico laboratorial é realizado pela detecção de anticorpos específicos no soro, detecção do antígeno viral ou do ácido nucléico e isolamento do vírus. Não existe terapêutica específica para a doença, apenas tratamento suporte e sintomático. A língua azul é uma doença de notificação obrigatória ao MAPA e o controle deve ser baseado em ações integradas envolvendo o vetor, o hospedeiro e o ambiente. Desta forma, é necessário um programa de vigilância epidemiológica permanente associado a um efetivo plano de contingência para a doença.
Access to and Use of Clinical Services and Disease-Modifying Therapies by People with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in the United Kingdom
Authors: Campbell Evan , Coulter Elaine H. , Mattison Paul , McFadyen Angus , Miller Linda , Paul Lorna
Published: August 2017

Background:

According to current UK guidelines, everyone with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) should have access to an MS specialist, but levels of access and use of clinical services is unknown. We sought to investigate access to MS specialists and use of clinical services and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) by people with progressive MS in the United Kingdom.

Methods:

A UK-wide online survey was conducted via the UK MS Register. The inclusion criteria were age 18 years or older, primary or secondary progressive MS, and a member of the UK MS Register. Participants were asked about access to MS specialists, recent clinical service use, receipt of regular review, and current and previous DMT use. Participant demographic data, quality of life, and disease impact measures were from the UK MS Register.

Results:

In total, 1298 individuals responded: 7% were currently taking a DMT, 23% had previously taken a DMT, and 95% reported access to an MS specialist. The most used practitioners were MS doctors/nurses (50%), general practitioners (45%), and physiotherapists (40%). Seventy-four percent of participants received a regular review, although 37% received theirs less often than annually. Current DMT use was associated with better quality of life, but past DMT use was associated with poorer quality of life and higher impact of disease.

Conclusions:

Access to and use of MS specialists was high. However, a gap in service provision was highlighted in both receipt and frequency of regular reviews.
Polo-like kinase Cdc5 regulates Spc72 recruitment to spindle pole body in the methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha
Authors: Maekawa Hiromi , Neuner Annett , Rüthnick Diana , Schiebel Elmar , Pereira Gislene , Kaneko Yoshinobu
Published: August 2017

Cytoplasmic microtubules (cMT) control mitotic spindle positioning in many organisms, and are therefore pivotal for successful cell division. Despite its importance, the temporal control of cMT formation remains poorly understood. Here we show that unlike the best-studied yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, position of pre-anaphase nucleus is not strongly biased toward bud neck in Ogataea polymorpha and the regulation of spindle positioning becomes active only shortly before anaphase. This is likely due to the unstable property of cMTs compared to those in S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, we show that cMT nucleation/anchoring is restricted at the level of recruitment of the γ-tubulin complex receptor, Spc72, to spindle pole body (SPB), which is regulated by the polo-like kinase Cdc5. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed that the cytoplasmic side of SPB is structurally different between G1 and anaphase. Thus, polo-like kinase dependent recruitment of γ-tubulin receptor to SPBs determines the timing of spindle orientation in O. polymorpha.
Control of AMPA receptor activity by the extracellular loops of auxiliary proteins
Authors: Riva Irene , Eibl Clarissa , Volkmer Rudolf , Carbone Anna L , Plested Andrew JR
Published: August 2017

At synapses throughout the mammalian brain, AMPA receptors form complexes with auxiliary proteins, including TARPs. However, how TARPs modulate AMPA receptor gating remains poorly understood. We built structural models of TARP-AMPA receptor complexes for TARPs γ2 and γ8, combining recent structural studies and de novo structure predictions. These models, combined with peptide binding assays, provide evidence for multiple interactions between GluA2 and variable extracellular loops of TARPs. Substitutions and deletions of these loops had surprisingly rich effects on the kinetics of glutamate-activated currents, without any effect on assembly. Critically, by altering the two interacting loops of γ2 and γ8, we could entirely remove all allosteric modulation of GluA2, without affecting formation of AMPA receptor-TARP complexes. Likewise, substitutions in the linker domains of GluA2 completely removed any effect of γ2 on receptor kinetics, indicating a dominant role for this previously overlooked site proximal to the AMPA receptor channel gate.
Genes of the major histocompatibility complex highlight interactions of the innate and adaptive immune system
Authors: Lukasch Barbara , Westerdahl Helena , Strandh Maria , Winkler Hans , Moodley Yoshan , Knauer Felix , Hoi Herbert
Published: August 2017

Background

A well-functioning immune defence is crucial for fitness, but our knowledge about the immune system and its complex interactions is still limited. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are involved in T-cell mediated adaptive immune responses, but MHC is also highly upregulated during the initial innate immune response. The aim of our study was therefore to determine to what extent the highly polymorphic MHC is involved in interactions of the innate and adaptive immune defence and if specific functional MHC alleles (FA) or heterozygosity at the MHC are more important.

Methods

To do this we used captive house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to survey MHC diversity and immune function controlling for several environmental factors. MHC class I alleles were identified using parallel amplicon sequencing and to mirror immune function, several immunological tests that correspond to the innate and adaptive immunity were conducted.

Results

Our results reveal that MHC was linked to all immune tests, highlighting its importance for the immune defence. While all innate responses were associated with one single FA, adaptive responses (cell-mediated and humoral) were associated with several different alleles.

Discussion

We found that repeated injections of an antibody in nestlings and adults were linked to different FA and hence might affect different areas of the immune system. Also, individuals with a higher number of different FA produced a smaller secondary response, indicating a disadvantage of having numerous MHC alleles. These results demonstrate the complexity of the immune system in relation to the MHC and lay the foundation for other studies to further investigate this topic.
Platão e a Gestão da Sociedade: Contribuições da Politeia à Gestão Social
Authors: Oliveira André De , Cançado Airton Cardoso
Published: August 2017

O presente texto tem como objetivo avançar na construção do campo da Gestão Social. A proposta aqui delineada centra-se na análise da clássica obra de Platão “A República” (Politeia), buscando subsídios, tanto teóricos quanto ontológicos e epistemológicos, para esse intento. A Gestão Social é entendida neste trabalho como um modo de gestão antitético à gestão estratégica. As contribuições encontradas foram o conceito de justiça, tratado de forma análoga à compreensão contemporânea que dele possa ser feita, e a perspectiva governamental, assumida categoricamente com o significado do termo “Gestão”, do Filósofo-rei. 
A Utilização da Teoria Social do Discurso de Fairclough nos Estudos Organizacionais
Authors: Dos Santos Elisabeth Cavalcante , Bispo Danielle De Araújo , Dourado Débora Paschoal
Published: August 2017

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar como os Estudos Organizacionais brasileiros utilizam a Teoria Social do Discurso proposta por Fairclough (2008). Foram selecionados dos Anais do EnANPAD 2010, do EnANPAD 2011 e do EnEO 2010, os artigos da área de Estudos Organizacionais que trabalharam com a abordagem faircloughiana. Para o estudo, utilizouse a análise de conteúdo, considerando-se como categorias de análise as dimensões de Fairclough (2008): análise textual, prática discursiva e prática social. Concluiu-se que as três dimensões nem sempre estão presentes nos artigos, mas isso não invalida a crítica realizada aos discursos neles abordados.
Accountability na Gestão de Recursos Hídricos: O Comitê Itajaí como Instrumento de sua Ampliação
Authors: Zapelini Marcello Beckert
Published: August 2017

No Brasil, a gestão de recursos hídricos segue um modelo participativo baseado na bacia hidrográfica como unidade de gestão e adota o Comitê de Bacia como a organização fundamental para discussão e decisão de políticas para as águas. Nesse sentido, questões como a accountability dos representantes das entidades e organismos da bacia são importantes, devendo ser investigadas para verificar em que medida os Comitês se mostram responsáveis, participativos e transparentes, cumprindo com sua função de fóruns deliberativos de ampliação da participação popular. O presente artigo estuda essas questões a partir do caso do Comitê Itajaí (Santa Catarina), concluindo que este órgão, apesar de algumas deficiências, busca ampliar a accountability em sua gestão.
Moedas Sociais nos Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento: a Experiência das Conchas em Matarandiba/BA
Authors: Rigo Ariádne Scalfoni , França Filho Genauto Carvalho de , Leal Leonardo Prates
Published: August 2017

O texto propõe uma revisão do debate antropológico sobre a moeda, permitindo escapar ao reducionismo economicista que a identifica com a ideia de neutralidade. Com esta ampliação do olhar sobre a moeda, discute-se o uso de moedas sociais nas práticas dos Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento no Brasil. O intuito é refletir sobre a experiência do BCD Ilhamar e da moeda social Concha, implementados, desde 2007, na comunidade Matarandiba, no município de Vera Cruz, na Bahia. As reflexões baseadas nesta experiência permitiram identificar alguns desafios como a construção da confiança por parte dos próprios moradores no sistema de moeda social local; a capacidade de manter níveis elevados de coesão social na comunidade; o nível de organização já existente na comunidade, o que pode ser útil a outras experiências do uso de moedas sociais.
ANÁLISE DA EVIDENCIAÇÃO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE PELA CONTABILIDADE APLICADA AO SETOR PÚBLICO MUNICIPAL
Authors: Ebert do Couto Taiane , Frey Marcia Rosane
Published: August 2017

Ao encontro das discussões sobre sustentabilidade, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar como vem sendo evidenciada e divulgada a sustentabilidade pela contabilidade aplicada ao setor público municipal por meio do Orçamento Público Anual. O estudo caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como unidade de análise, 31 prefeituras gaúchas que aderiram ao Programa Cidades Sustentáveis (PCS). Em termos de resultado, verificou-se que a evidenciação das despesas por funções e subfunções estabelecidas pela Portaria n. 42/1999, identifica várias ações dos governos municipais nas dimensões social e ambiental. Na análise dos indicadores de sustentabilidade divulgados pelas prefeituras que aderiram ao PCS verificou-se que apenas quatro estão informando parcialmente seus indicadores de sustentabilidade na plataforma do PCS. Reforça-se que a contabilidade aplicada ao setor público precisa avançar e cumprir seu papel de gerar e fornecer informações que contemplam as dimensões da sustentabilidade.
Nonlinear Generation Mechanism of EMIC Falling Tone Emissions
Authors: Shoji Masafumi , Omura Yoshiharu
Published: August 2017

We have conducted a self‐consistent hybrid simulation, successfully reproducing electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) emissions with falling tone frequencies. The hybrid simulation is implemented with a parabolic ambient magnetic field. In the simulation, strong oxygen band EMIC emissions are generated through nonlinear wave growth. The cold ion density is modulated by electrostatic structures which are induced by the forward and backward propagating oxygen band EMIC waves. Along with the growth of the oxygen band, the helium band waves also grow because of the initial linear growth followed by the nonlinear growth. The nonlinear growth of the helium band waves is affected by the cold plasma density modulation, and there appear short wave packets of helium band emissions. The short wave packets entrap energetic protons efficiently, resulting in electromagnetic proton hills in the velocity phase space. The proton hill forms a nonlinear resonant current causing the falling frequency of the EMIC waves. We find strong deformation of the velocity distribution function of the energetic protons due to the proton hill being guided by the increasing resonance velocity.
Evaluation of ENTLN Performance Characteristics Based on the Ground Truth Natural and Rocket‐Triggered Lightning Data Acquired in Florida
Authors: Zhu Y. , Rakov V. A. , Tran M. D. , Stock M. G. , Heckman S. , Liu C. , Sloop C. D. , Jordan D. M. , Uman M. A. , Caicedo J. A. , Kotovsky D. A. , Wilkes R. A. , Carvalho F. L. , Ngin T. , Gamerota W. R. , Pilkey J. T. , Hare B. M.
Published: August 2017

The performance characteristics of the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) were evaluated by using as ground truth natural cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning data acquired at the Lightning Observatory in Gainesville (LOG) and rocket‐triggered lightning data obtained at Camp Blanding (CB), Florida, in 2014 and 2015. Two ENTLN processors (data processing algorithms) were evaluated. The old processor (P2014) was put into use in June 2014 and the new one (P2015) has been operational since August 2015. Based on the natural‐CG‐lightning data set (219 flashes containing 608 strokes), the flash detection efficiency (DE), flash classification accuracy (CA), stroke DE, and stroke CA for the new processor were found to be 99%, 97%, 96%, and 91%, respectively, and the corresponding values for the old processor were 99%, 91%, 97%, and 68%. The stroke DE and stroke CA for first strokes are higher than those for subsequent strokes. Based on the rocket‐triggered lightning data set (36 CG flashes containing 175 strokes), the flash DE, flash CA, stroke DE, and stroke CA for the new processor were found to be 100%, 97%, 97%, and 86%, respectively, while the corresponding values for the old processor were 100%, 92%, 97%, and 42%. The median values of location error and absolute peak current estimation error were 215 m and 15% for the new processor, and 205 m and 15% for the old processor. For both natural and triggered CG lightning, strokes with higher peak currents were more likely to be both detected and correctly classified by the ENTLN.