bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying the boundaries of the sensory space of red Bordeaux wines using an innovative machine learning approach. Application to the identification of new varieties adapted to climate change.
Authors: Plantevin Marc , Thibon Cécile , Barbe Jean-Cristophe , Tempère Sophie , Blandeau Sixtine , Lecourt Julien , Dijsktra Lucile , Lytra Georgia , Darriet Philippe , Van Leeuwen Cornelis
Published: July 2024

Climate change is likely to impact wine typicity across the globe, raising concerns in wine regions historically renowned for the quality of their terroir. Among potential changes, modifying plant material (i.e., clones, rootstocks and varieties) is considered to be one of the most promising potential levers for adaption to climate change. However, changing varieties raises the issue of how to protect the region’s wine typicity. In Bordeaux (France), extensive studies focus on the identification of varieties that would be more suitable for a warmer and drier climate, but less research has been done concerning their impacts on Bordeaux wine typicity. The present study, conducted on 26 red varieties - including traditional-Bordeaux varieties and non-Bordeaux varieties - over five vintages, aimed to characterise Bordeaux wine typicity and to identify non-Bordeaux varieties that could fit into this sensorial space. Through a random forest analysis of the results of a Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) sensorial analysis and a typicity profiling with an exceptionally large panel of experts (approximately 40 judges), the typical red Bordeaux sensory space was clearly defined with consensus among the judges. Interestingly, one non-Bordeaux variety was found to produce wines with high Bordeaux typicity. Finally, via hierarchical clustering analyses based on multiple correspondence analysis, five non-Bordeaux varieties that produce wines with similar sensorial spaces to the traditional Bordeaux varieties were identified. These results indicate that these cultivars could be introduced to the Bordeaux grape-mix without profoundly altering Bordeaux wine typicity in a context of climate change, if found to be suitable for a warmer climate than the current climate of the Bordeaux region.
2021 NATIONAL RED LIST OF FUNGI:FOCUSING ON CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES
Authors: Karadelev Mitko , Tofilovska Slavica , Rusevska Katerina
Published: July 2024

The National Red List plays a crucial role in the conservation of fungi, considering the significant threats they face, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, decline in symbiotic hosts, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. The importance of protecting fungi is evident, and although unofficial red lists were created in the past (2000 and 2010), the new National Red List of Fungi of North Macedonia holds official status. This document includes a total of 64 spe-cies, each assigned to specific categories. Among them, six fungal species are classified as Critically Endangered (CR), nineteen as Endangered (EN), thirty-four as Vulnerable (VU), two as Near Threatened (NT), two as Least Concern (LC), and one species is categorized as Data Deficient. The majority of the listed taxa (fifty-three) belong to the phylum Basidiomycota, while ten taxa are associated with the phylum Ascomycota. In this article, we will focus on the Critical-ly Endangered species, which are as follows: Bovista paludosa Lév, Galerina sphagnorum (Pers.) Kühner, Galerina tibiicystis (G.F. Atk.) Kühner, Hyphoderma etruriae Bernicchia, Xeromphalina junipericola G. Moreno & Heykoop, and Zeus olympius Minter & Diam.
The Influence of Economic Uncertainty and Social Media Use on Religious Belief: Evidence from China
Authors: Gao Shuqing , Xu Xin , Tan Manye , Yang Yuqin
Published: July 2024

Although economic uncertainty and social media use are recognized as having a significant impact on religiosity, their role in religiosity has yet to be extensively examined in developing countries. This study explored the effects of economic uncertainty and social media use on religiosity in the Chinese context. By analyzing the publicly available data from the Chinese General Social Survey and World Values Survey, the findings showed that economic uncertainty significantly increased people's religious beliefs, while social media use had no significant impact on religious beliefs. Furthermore, social media use did not significantly moderate the relationship between economic uncertainty and religious belief. In contrast, educational level positively moderated the relationship between economic uncertainty and religious belief. These findings differ in part from the results of previous studies, presenting new evidence for theoretical integration in the field and revealing potential group differences in the strength of the relationship between economic uncertainty and religious belief.
Advances in Corrosion of High-Temperature Materials: Interfacial Migration and Alloy Design Strategies
Authors: Singh Aditya Narayan , Swain S. K. , Meena Abhishek , Islam Mobinul , Nam Kyung-Wan
Published: July 2024

Structural and functional materials are subjected to harsh oxidizing environments that lead to a rapid decline in their surface chemical stability. At high-temperatures, the diffusion of atoms is erratic; thus, the reactive elements (REs) get a chance to migrate to the surface and look for oxygen-reactive sites. Their migration from the lattice sites creates vacancies in the matrix and thus weakens the bond, making the material prone to environmental degrading factors. Subsequently, the inward diffusion of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, or carbon may occupy these vacancies, resulting in undesired precipitation at the grain boundary, which is usually brittle. The solubility and dissociation of attacking species and corrosion products play the most critical role in corrosion in high-temperature water. To evade such situations, Ti, Al, and Cr are added in Ni/Fe-based alloys, forming a dense oxide layer on the surface that impedes further surface migration of ions. The stability of the alloys is then determined by the capability of these oxide layers to heal or reform during spalling/cracking. This review attempts to understand the migration of REs at the interfaces to prepare structural materials in any unexpected set of oxidizing service conditions. This review will also try to establish the interaction mechanism of REs novel/conventionally added in the alloys with the oxidizing elements in the environments to design better degradation-resistant high-temperature alloys.
Bibliometric Insights into Balancing Efficiency and Security in Urban Supply Chains
Authors: Jinor Emmanuel , Bridgelall Raj
Published: July 2024

This study examines the balancing between urban transportation security and supply chain efficiency amid global disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic, attacks on maritime lanes, and geopolitical conflicts. The authors combine bibliometric network analysis and natural language processing (NLP) to review scholarly literature from 2017 to 2023. This approach identifies and visualizes evolving thematic trends. Findings reveal a shift towards integrating advanced technologies such as blockchain, AI, and IoT to enhance security without compromising efficiency. This study highlights the significance of integrating urban planning principles and sustainable practices to enhance transportation security and supply chain efficiency within urban environments. Actionable insights for policymakers and supply chain managers emphasize the adoption of integrated, technology-driven security solutions to foster resilient and sustainable supply chains. This research contributes to academic discourse by refining the understanding of evolving priorities in transportation security and supply chain management, offering both theoretical and practical implications for secure and efficient global supply chains.
Economic Impacts of the Electric Road System Implementation on Rotterdam-Antwerp Corridor
Authors: Aronietis Raimonds , Vanelslander Thierry
Published: July 2024

Electric road systems (ERS) are a group of technologies that allow powering adequately-equipped road transport vehicles with electricity from the road infrastructure while in motorway traffic. They can be categorised in three technology groups: overhead catenary, ground conductive and ground inductive, depending on the used mode of power transfer. The supplied energy is used for propulsion and for charging the vehicle batteries to be used once the vehicle leaves the electrified road section. Also, another energy source, e.g. diesel, natural gas or hydrogen, can be used while away from ERS. This research investigates the potential impacts of implementing the different ERS technologies on the Rotterdam-Antwerp motorway corridor that links the two largest ports in Europe. The aim is to identify which of the routes between the ports is best suited for implementation of ERS, whether there are substantial differences in economic performance of the different ERS technologies, see what ERS vehicle traffic volumes are required and potentially available for successful implementation, what investment is required to build the system and whether the ERS operator can be profitable, and could transport operators operate their trucks on ERS profitability in this corridor setting. The research shows that that the route between Rotterdam and Antwerp that runs on motorway E19 is the best to be electrified from an economic standpoint. Our calculations show that the traffic on Rotterdam-Antwerp corridor is sufficient for economically justifying ERS infrastructure rollout and operation. For transport operators, that happen to have specific client base, e.g. where they usually serve clients from one of the ports along the electrified route, the construction of ERS on the route can prove to be very lucrative if they adopt the technology early.
Reducing the Rebound Effect in Microscale Laser Dynamic Forming Through Multi-pulse Laser Shock Loading
Authors: Wang Fuliang , Liu Boyu , Sun Yujie , Shen Zongbao
Published: July 2024

Microscale laser dynamic forming, as a novel high-speed microforming technique, can overcome the shortcomings of traditional microforming methods. However, in practical applications, laser dynamic microforming technology is often affected by the rebound behavior of the workpiece surface, limiting the further improvement of processing quality and efficiency. This paper aims to reduce the rebound effect in laser dynamic microforming by using multi-pulse laser shock loading. The forming results of workpieces under different laser energies and laser impact numbers were studied using experimental and numerical simulation methods. Numerical simulations of the forming results after multiple laser shocks were conducted using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. These numerical simulation results were then experimentally validated and compared. Surface morphology and microstructure of the workpieces were characterized using a confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the chemical element content changes in the collision regions at the bottoms of the workpieces after multi-pulse loading, revealing the collision behavior patterns during the forming process. Finally, the forming laws of workpieces under multiple laser shocks were summarized.
Super-quantum Correlations in Local Systems With Incompatible Properties
Authors: Mardari Ghenadie N.
Published: July 2024

Quantum theory predicts violations of Bell’s inequality. This implies a contradiction with at least one of three statistical conditions, known as “Realism” (joint distribution of relevant observables), “Locality” (conditional separability of pairwise observations, given a set of hidden variables), and “Free Will” (statistical independence between hidden variables and measurement settings). Here we describe a classical system with “clockwork” properties that is unquestionably local. It produces maximal violations of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. It contradicts every one of the three listed formal conditions. Nonetheless, it expresses the qualitative markers of ontological Realism, ontological Locality, and ontological Free Will, all at the same time. In other words, the three listed conditions do not correspond to the three ontological concepts with the same names. Therefore, there is no conflict between quantum theory and Local Realism.
Technical-Economical Study on the Optimization of FDM Parameters for the Manufacture of PETG and ASA Parts
Authors: Iacob Dragos Valentin , Zisopol Dragos Gabriel , Minescu Mihail
Published: July 2024

The article presents the results of the technical-economical study regarding the optimization of the FDM parameters (Lh – the height of the layer deposited in one pass and Id – the filling percentage) for the manufacture of PETG and ASA parts. To carry out the technical-economical study, we used the fundamental principle of value analysis, which consists in maximizing the ratio between Vi/Cp, where Vi - represents the mechanical characteristic, and Cp - represents the production cost. The results of the study show that for the tensile specimens made of PETG, the parameter that significantly influences the results of the Vi/Cp ratios is Lh, and in the case of the compression specimens made of PETG, the parameter that significantly influences the results of the Vi/Cp ratios is Id. In the case of specimens manufactured by FDM from ASA, the parameter that decisively influences the results of the Vi/Cp ratios of the tensile and compression specimens is Id – the filling percentage. By performing optimization of the process parameters with multiple responses, we identified the optimal parameters for FDM manufacturing of parts from PETG and ASA: Lh = 0.20 mm and Id = 100%.
Coupled solution of the borehole-reservoir problem in modeling acidic effects in a fractured-pore reservoir
Authors: Kazakov Artyom Vyatcheslavovich , Vasekin Boris Vasilyevich , Vorobyov Nikita Andreevich , Borisov Vitaly Evgenyevich
Published: July 2024

The main purpose of this work is to model and study the physical processes that occur during acid exposure to the bottomhole zone of a well, taking into account the presence of fractures and the characteristics of well completion. To achieve this goal, a set of new computational algorithms has been created that allow modeling the process of chemical exposure to a productive reservoir using acid compositions. The simulation of the acidic effect process was carried out using special computational methods that allow us to jointly solve the system of well-formation equations. The application of this approach on a number of synthetic and real-world tests is described. The influence of key effects occurring in fractured-pore reservoirs on the effectiveness of acid exposure is demonstrated.
Pengaruh Vegetasi di Perkebunan Kopi Robusta terhadap Keanekaragaman Kumbang Tanah (Ground Beetle)
Authors: Salamah Kunni Lailatus , Haryadi Nanang Tri , Aldini Gracia Melsiana , Kurnianto Agung Sih , Dewi Nilasari
Published: July 2024

Coffee cultivation is inseparable from the threat of pests and diseases. This problem became a polemic that until now has yet to be resolved properly. Chemical control using pesticides that farmers have carried out makes pests more resistant. Pest control on coffee plants can utilize insects that act as predators, like the ground beetle. This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, the Agrotechnology Laboratory, and The Laboratory for Pest and Plant Disease Protection at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center from October 2022 to February 2023. Sampling was done by purposive sampling using the pitfall trap method. The results are then calculated in the importance value index, diversity index, dominance, and evenness. Researchers also analyzed the relationship between vegetation at the study site and the diversity of ground beetles found by vegetation types present at the study site and calculated the value of each ecological index including diversity, dominance, evenness, and importance value indexes. Kaliwining experimental garden, the acquisition of ground-level arthropods obtained a high score with a diversity level of 1.333, and for the Wirolegi experimental garden 0.975.
Beauveria bassiana untuk Pengendalian Bemisisa tabaci pada Budidaya Kedelai Organik
Authors: Erdiansyah Iqbal , Suwardi Suwardi , Wulandari Geby
Published: July 2024

The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) pest is one of the obstacles in soybean cultivation; it can reduce yields by up to 80%, even resulting in crop failure if not controlled. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of the bioinsecticide Beauveria bassiana on whitefly death and the effect of B. bassiana and soursop leaf pesticides on pests, growth, and production in organic soybeans. The design used was non-factorial RAL with six treatment levels and four replications to determine the value of mortality and a comparison method between the treatments of B. bassiana and soursop leaf pesticide. The effective concentration of B. bassiana against whiteflies was 10%, with 85% mortality. The application of B. bassiana and soursop leaf pesticides showed no significant effect in suppressing attack and pest populations but also had no significant effect in increasing the growth and production of soybean plants on the observation variables of plant height, number of pods per sample, weight of 100 seeds, and total production, and the use of B. bassiana is not harmful to the survival of beneficial predators. The effective concentration of B. bassiana against whiteflies is 10%, with 85% mortality. The results of a comparison of B. bassiana with soursop leaf pesticides showed results that showed no different effect on all variables of pests as well as soybean growth and production. B. bassiana has potential as a biological agent for pest control because it is relatively safe against non-target insects such as natural enemies and beneficial arthropods.
Potensi Komunitas Bakteri Simbion Cacing Tanah Vermiwash dalam Memproduksi Fitohormon IAA pada Jagung
Authors: Oktafian Akhmad Rizal , Septia Erfan Dani , Nursandi Fatimah
Published: July 2024

Bacteria living in the digestive system of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) can play a role in transforming organic compounds found in the organic matter digested by the worms into simple compounds, including compounds containing indole. During the fermentation process in vermiwash, bacteria will consume the organic matter in worm waste and produce IAA as a byproduct of metabolism. This research aims to analyse the potential symbiotic bacterial communities in vermiwash from earthworms (African Night Crawler) in producing the plant hormone IAA (Indole Acetic Acid). The research method involves collecting vermiwash from earthworms and analysing its symbiotic bacterial composition. Symbiotic bacterial isolates from vermiwash were tested for their ability to produce IAA through biochemical techniques, followed by bioinformatic analysis. The research results show that vermiwash contains a potential symbiotic bacterial community capable of producing IAA. Three isolates out of 10 types of symbiotic bacteria yielded positive results by showing a pink colour change after adding the Salkowski reagent. Therefore, these symbiotic bacteria can be utilized as a source of the plant hormone IAA, which can be used as organic fertilizer. Increased IAA production in vermiwash, can accelerate plant growth, enhance root formation, and optimize overall plant production. The application of a bacterial consortium can significantly influence the plant height, leaf area, and root length while having a non-significant impact on the stem diameter of corn.
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Leverage, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Kualitas Laba dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Manufaktur
Authors: Aprilianti Dhea , Kismayanti Respati Dwi , Fauzi Achmad
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Liquidity, Leverage, and Profitability on Earnings Quality, with Company Size as a moderating variable. This research was conducted on food and beverage sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2020-2022 period. Purposive sampling was used as a sampling technique, with 53 selected companies from all food and beverage sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for that period. The data in this study were processed using moderated regression analysis with the IBM SPSS 26 software program. The results of this study show that liquidity and leverage have a negative and significant effect on earnings quality, while profitability has a positive and significant effect on earnings quality. Additionally, company size can moderate the effect of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on earnings quality. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide an overview for management and company owners to evaluate and improve the quality of company profits, attracting investors' interest in investing their capital. Furthermore, these findings may impact suppliers and creditors in making decisions regarding providing credit to the company, and investors may consider them when making investment decisions.
Residential Proximity to Oil and Gas Development and Mental Health in a North American Preconception Cohort Study: 2013–2023
Authors: Willis Mary D. , Campbell Erin J. , Selbe Sophie , Koenig Martha R. , Gradus Jaimie L. , Nillni Yael I. , Casey Joan A. , Deziel Nicole C. , Hatch Elizabeth E. , Wesselink Amelia K. , Wise Lauren A.
Published: July 2024

Objectives. To evaluate associations between oil and gas development (OGD) and mental health using cross-sectional data from a preconception cohort study, Pregnancy Study Online.

Methods. We analyzed baseline data from a prospective cohort of US and Canadian women aged 21 to 45 years who were attempting conception without fertility treatment (2013–2023). We developed residential proximity measures for active OGD during preconception, including distance from nearest site. At baseline, participants completed validated scales for perceived stress (10-item Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and depressive symptoms (Major Depression Inventory, MDI) and reported psychotropic medication use. We used log-binomial regression and restricted cubic splines to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results. Among 5725 participants across 37 states and provinces, residence at 2 km versus 20 to 50 km of active OGD was associated with moderate to high perceived stress (PSS ≥ 20 vs < 20: PR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.18), moderate to severe depressive symptoms (MDI ≥ 20 vs < 20: PR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.45), and psychotropic medication use (PR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.97, 1.28).

Conclusions. Among North American pregnancy planners, closer proximity to OGD was associated with adverse preconception mental health symptomatology. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(9):923–934. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307730 )
Central Tendon Tenotomy for Management of Extrinsic Extensor Tightness of the Hand
Authors: Chughtai Morad , Parrish Ryan , Tabarestani Arman , Dougherty Courtney , Matthias Robert C. , Dell Paul C.
Published: July 2024

Case:

We present a 67-year-old woman with long finger extrinsic extensor tightness and a 56-year-old man with limited index finger flexion due to extrinsic extensor tightness secondary to tendon transfers for radial nerve palsy. Both patients underwent prior surgical procedures that led to limited range of motion (ROM). Subsequently, they elected for central tendon tenotomy (CTT), which demonstrated postoperative ROM improvement and satisfactory patient outcomes.

Conclusion:

Surgical management of extrinsic extensor tendon tightness of the hand is generally addressed by performing tenolysis to improve tendon excursion. We present a novel and simple technique of CTT with pertinent anatomy, descriptive cases, and a cadaveric video.
Machine Learning–Assisted Decision Making in Orthopaedic Oncology
Authors: Rizk Paul A. , Gonzalez Marcos R. , Galoaa Bishoy M. , Girgis Andrew G. , Van Der Linden Lotte , Chang Connie Y. , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A.
Published: July 2024

» Artificial intelligence is an umbrella term for computational calculations that are designed to mimic human intelligence and problem-solving capabilities, although in the future, this may become an incomplete definition. Machine learning (ML) encompasses the development of algorithms or predictive models that generate outputs without explicit instructions, assisting in clinical predictions based on large data sets. Deep learning is a subset of ML that utilizes layers of networks that use various inter-relational connections to define and generalize data.

» ML algorithms can enhance radiomics techniques for improved image evaluation and diagnosis. While ML shows promise with the advent of radiomics, there are still obstacles to overcome.

» Several calculators leveraging ML algorithms have been developed to predict survival in primary sarcomas and metastatic bone disease utilizing patient-specific data. While these models often report exceptionally accurate performance, it is crucial to evaluate their robustness using standardized guidelines.

» While increased computing power suggests continuous improvement of ML algorithms, these advancements must be balanced against challenges such as diversifying data, addressing ethical concerns, and enhancing model interpretability.
Imaging Modalities in the Preoperative Assessment of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Hip Dysplasia: Determining Best Practices
Authors: Bischoff Caleb J. , Woodard David R. , Pringle Lauren Clough , DeFroda Steven F.
Published: July 2024

» In the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding hip pain, especially related to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hip dysplasia (HD), which collectively affect over 20% of the population.

» Preoperative imaging, including plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US), plays a pivotal role in diagnosing FAI and HD. Imaging precision, standardized techniques, and accurate interpretation are crucial for effective treatment planning.

» The continual advancements in imaging techniques, especially seen in MRI (arthrograms, application of leg traction, and delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage), represent important strides in the precise assessment of pathology associated with FAI and HD.

» By incorporating these advancements into routine imaging protocols, healthcare providers can ensure a comprehensive understanding of hip joint dynamics, enabling more accurate diagnosis and effective management strategies for patients with FAI and HD, ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes.
The Philosophy of Gustav Teichmüller and His Treatise “On the Immortality of the Soul” (Dedicated to the 190th Anniversary of the Thinker’s Birth)
Authors: Shevtsov Aleksandr ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the philosophical concept of the German thinker of the second half of the 19th century Gustav Teichmüller (1832–1888), professor at the University of Dorpat. As a result of a comprehensive study of the treatise On the Immortality of the Soul (1874) by Gustav Teichmüller, the author of this article came to the con­clusion that Teichmuller’s philosophy is a variant of criticism. According to Teich­müller, the treatise was supposed to crown by itself a long philosophical tradition of writing treatises on this topic. The philosophy of Teichmüller, expanded by him in this treatise, is shown in the context of critical reading of prominent thinkers of the past, his ideological predecessors, philosophers of the century of the German Enlightenment and representatives of critical philosophy, such as Moses Mendelssohn, Immanuel Kant, Ludwig Heinrich von Jakob. The study of Teichmüller’s ideas was also carried out in the two paragraphs he added to the second edition (1878) in the context of his criticism of idealism and positivism. The final point of consider­ation of Teichmüller’s philosophy in this article is the demonstration of a certain translation of the ideas of German philosophy on Russian philosophical soil, as well as the creative processing and assimilation of Teichmüller’s ideas in the history of Russian philosophy of the 20th century. The author also examines the relationship of Teichmüller’s philosophical heritage to the logical and epistemological trend in the history of philosophy.
Coupled Simulation of Fracture Propagation and Lagrangian Proppant Transport
Authors: Wen Zhicheng , Tang Huiying , Zhang Liehui , Chen Shengnan , Zeng Junsheng , Qin Jianhua , Wang Linsheng , Zhao Yulong
Published: July 2024

The distribution of proppant within hydraulic fractures significantly influences fracture conductivity, thus playing an essential role in oil and gas production. Currently, small-scale and static fracture problems have been successfully simulated with high accuracy using Lagrangian proppant transport models. Field-scale problems are often simulated with the mixture model, the accuracy of which still requires improvement. In this work, a novel model that couples fracture propagation and proppant transport using an Eulerian-Lagrangian framework is proposed. The displacement discontinuity method (DDM), the extended Poiseuille’s equation, and the multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method are used for fracture deformation and propagation, fluid flow, and proppant transport simulations, respectively. The fluid flow is fully coupled with the fracture equations and then coupled with the Lagrangian proppant model using a two-way coupling strategy. The proposed model is carefully validated against published numerical and experimental results. Then, we use the model to investigate the fracturing process in a layered reservoir. The impacts of fluid leakoff and proppant injection order are discussed. Special phenomena such as proppant bridging and tip screenout are captured. This study provides a novel and reliable way for simulating proppant transport in practical problems, which is of great importance to fracturing designs.
Neuroligin 1 regulates autistic-like repetitive behavior through modulating the excitability of striatal D2 expressing medium spiny neurons
Authors: Liu An , Ren Qiaoyun , Yi Ziyue , Mu Mingdao , Wu Miao , Li Xingcan , Cao Kun , Li Junru , Liu Ruining , Jia Zhengping , Han Junhai , Xie Wei
Published: July 2024

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological condition characterized by social deficits and restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) as the primary symptoms. These traits pose a significant risk to individuals' health and are becoming more common. However, the specific cellular and neural circuit mechanisms leading to these abnormal behaviors are not yet clear. Here, we report that the absence of the ASD-related protein Neuroligin 1 (NLG1) leads to an increase in self-grooming and digging time and frequency in mice. Inhibition of NLG1 expression in the medium spiny neurons (D2-MSN) that express dopamine receptor D2 in the dorsal striatum is associated with the RRB phenotypes. Next, we discover that the NLG1-deficient D2-MSN is hyperactivated, which is correlated with the excessive self-grooming and digging behaviors of mice. Inhibiting the activity of D2-MSN reduces the time and frequency of these RRBs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the generation of self-grooming behavior relies on rapid silencing following high-frequency D2-MSN activity, whereas the digging behavior depends on the accumulation effect following D2-MSN activity. Finally, we reveal that the overactivated PKC in NLG1-deficient mice contributes to excessive repetitive behaviors and neuronal excitability. In this study, we investigate the molecular and cellular processes by which NLG1 influences RRBs and propose potential mechanisms for the generation of self-grooming and digging behavior, as well as suggest potential treatments and interventions for ASD.
Can GPT-4 Replace Human Examiners? A Competition on Checking Open-Text Answers
Authors: Zubaer Abdullah Al , Granitzer Michael , Geschwind Stephan , Lambsdorff Johann Graf , Voss Deborah
Published: July 2024

Under what circumstances can GPT-4 be relied upon as a safe and efficient decision-maker? To address this question we explore the performance of GPT-4 as an examiner of answers to open text questions. We formulate questions and sample solutions in the subject area of macroeconomics and collect answers from cohorts of students. Subsequently, we conduct a fair competition between GPT-4 and human experts, employing their expertise to assess the quality of the answers. We observe that the substitution of GPT-4 for a human examiner does not decrease inter-rater reliability. We run checks on potential biases (whether GPT-4 prefers AI-generated or lengthy answers). We find no consistent evidence of such biases. Our findings are robust to tilting the competition to one side's advantage, by using inferior or advanced prompting strategies. These findings suggest a broad range of potential applications for GPT-4 in university education. Overall, our study cautiously supports the utilization of GPT-4 as an assistant for automated grading systems.
Recombinant Esterase (BaCEm) Immobilized on Polyethyleneimine-Loaded Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 Exhibits Outstanding Catalytic Performance
Authors: Zhang Hongjun , Li Yichao , Wei Litian , Wang Zhao , zhang Yinjun
Published: July 2024

A recombinant esterase, BaCEm, derived from Bacillus aryabhattai and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, was successfully immobilized on polyethyleneimine-impregnated mesoporous silica SBA-15. This immobilization utilized glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. Optimal conditions were established with a PEI/SBA-15 ratio of 25% (w/w), a pH of 7.5, and a glutaraldehyde concentration of 0.5% (w/w), resulting in a loading capacity of 76.4 mg/g, a recovery activity of 43.5%, and a specific activity of 7917 U/g for BaCEm. The immobilized BaCEm demonstrated high enantioselectivity, with an 'E' value of 203.92, in the resolution assay of (R,S)-ethyl indoline-2-carboxylate. Notably, the immobilized enzyme, compared to its free counterpart, exhibited enhanced thermostability, maintaining 95.4% of its activity after 3 hours at 30°C. It also showed significant tolerance to organic solvents, retaining 48.4% and 28.7% residual activity in 10% v/v acetonitrile and acetone, respectively. Moreover, its storage stability was confirmed, with 68.5% residual activity preserved after 30 days at 4°C. Remarkably, the immobilized BaCEm retained 58.1% of its activity after 10 reuse cycles, underscoring the potential of polyethyleneimine-impregnated mesoporous silica SBA-15 as an effective support for enzyme immobilization, promising for industrial applications.
An Enhanced Feature Matching Method for Multi-modal Remote Sensing Image Registration based on Multi-dimension Constraint
Authors: Yang Hong , Jin Lu , Li Ji , Zhang Qichun , He Xiaohai , Wang Pingyu , Peng Yonghong
Published: July 2024

Multi-modal remote sensing image registration is the key foundation of remote sensing image processing, which is also a significant research topic in the fields of environmental modeling and Earth detection. The characteristics of multi-modal images, such as variations in radiation, geometry, scale, viewpoint, and dimensionality present significant challenges for achieving high-precision matching. Aiming at increasing the registration points when the error is similar, this paper proposes an enhanced feature matching (EFM) method for multi-modal remote sensing images, which includes: 1) An low-complexity moment (LCM) calculation for a modified feature point extraction method; 2) Multi-dimensional space constraints (MSC) joint of phase, position and direction. The experimental results show that the EFM method has achieved significant improvement in feature point extraction and matching of multi-modal remote sensing images, with a three fold increase in registration points compared to conventional registration schemes, making it suitable for remote sensing image registration.
The predicitive effect of MGUS on the prognosis of cerebral infarction
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Niu Guanru , Liu Yuchen , Huang Guang , Miao Junjie , Shen Jun , Shen Yijun , Wang Xin
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) contributes to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and thromboembolic disorders. This study tries to investigate the relationship between MGUS and cerebral infarction; furthermore, the predictive effect of MGUS on cerebral infarction (CI) prognosis is also assessed.
METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, 60 CI patients with MGUS and 360 CI patients without MGUS were enrolled from Zhongshan Hospital and matched by propensity score. Patients were followed up for a median of 5.8 years with all-cause mortality events as the endpoint. The Kaplan-Meier model was used to explore the relationship between MGUS and the prognosis of CI patients. Subsequently, an optimal nomogram model was constructed in the train set of subjects and verified in the test set.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among elderly cancer patients in Korea: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chang Hyunyem , Im Hyea Bin , Choi Soo Jeung , Choi Dain , Han Dongwoon
Published: July 2024

Purpose As the global population ages, cancer has emerged as a leading cause of death among the elderly. Elderly cancer patients often turn to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to manage symptoms and enhance their quality of life. Despite its glowing use, the characteristics and determinants associated with CAM use remain unclear. This study aims to examine the prevalence, types, reasons, and influencing factors of CAM use among elderly cancer patients in Korea. Design This study employed a cross-sectional survey design. Setting/participants This study was conducted at the outpatient clinics of a general hospital in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The participants were elderly cancer patients visiting the outpatient clinics for treatment. Data were collected through face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. Results 60% of all participants reported using CAM. The most common CAM modalities were exercise, particularly fast walking (49.4%), followed by dietary interventions (42.9%). The primary reasons for using CAM were immune enhancement (61.6%), with the main source of information being family members or relatives (42.1%). Having a spouse, a diagnosis of prostate cancer, and having undergone surgical therapy were significantly associated with CAM use. Conclusions This study reveals the significant role of CAM in supportive care for elderly cancer patients in Korea, highlighting exercise, dietary interventions, and immune enhancement as key motivations. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive guidelines integrating CAM into conventional cancer care. Further research is crucial to understand the specific impacts on treatment outcomes, particularly among elderly male cancer patients.
Automatic Detection and Multi-Component Segmentation of BrainMetastases in Longitudinal MRI
Authors: Andrearczyk Vincent , Schiappacasse Luis , Abler Daniel , Wodzinski Marek , Hottinger Andreas , Raccaud Matthieu , Bourhis Jean , Prior John O. , Dunet Vincent , Depeursinge Adrien
Published: July 2024

Manual segmentation of lesions, required for radiotherapy planning and follow-up, is time-consuming and error-prone. Automatic detection and segmentation can assist radiologists in these tasks. This work explores the automated detection and segmentation of brain metastases (BMs) in longitudinal MRIs. It focuses on several important aspects: identifying and segmenting new lesions for screening and treatment planning, re-segmenting lesions in successive images using prior lesion locations as an additional input channel, and performing multi-component segmentation to distinguish between enhancing tissue, edema, and necrosis. The retrospective data includes 518 metastases in 184 contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRIs originating from 49 patients (63% male, 37% female). 131 time-points (36 patients, 418 BMs) are used for cross-validation, the remaining 53 time-points (13 patients, 100 BMs) are used for testing. The lesions were manually delineated with label 1: enhancing lesion, label 2: edema, and label 3: necrosis. One-tailed t-tests are used to compare model performance including multiple segmentation and detection metrics. Significance is considered as p$<$0.05. A Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 0.786 and F1-score of 0.804 are obtained for the segmentation of new lesions. On follow-up scans, the re-segmentation model significantly outperforms the segmentation model (DSC and F1 0.777 and 0.877 vs 0.559 and 0.604). The re-segmentation model also significantly outperforms the simple segmentation model on the enhancing lesion (DSC 0.761 vs 0.525) and edema (0.524 vs 0.465) components, while similar scores are obtained on the necrosis component (0.622 vs 0.627). Additionally, we analyze the correlation between lesion size and segmentation performance, as demonstrated in various studies that highlight the challenges in segmenting small lesions. Our findings indicate that this correlation disappears when utilizing the re-segmentation approach and evaluating with the unbiased normalized DSC. In conclusion, the automated segmentation of new lesions and subsequent re-segmentation in follow-up images was achievable, with high level of performance obtained for single- and multiple-component segmentation tasks.
Measurement of Inkjet Droplet Flight Speed using Interference Fringe Pattern
Authors: Shin Dong Yeol , Moon Yoon Jae , Ju Byeong-Kwon , Kang Kyung-Tae
Published: July 2024

Inkjet printers are key technologies in manufacturing organic light-emitting diodes and quantum dot light-emitting diode panels, but precise measurement and control of inkjet droplets remains challenging. The international standard, IEC 62899-302-1, uses shadow image-based measurement with high magnification microscopes to observe picoliter-sized droplets. However, high magnification lens results in a shallow depth of field or narrow optimal measurement area, causing the blurring image if the droplet does not pass through the optimal measurement area. To solve this, we propose using the interference image-based measurement with interference fringe patterns by inkjet droplets as a tool to measure the flight speed of droplets. The interference fringe patterns can be obtained simply passing the droplet through within the light beam path, providing a wider measurement area compared to the shadow image-based measurement, making it practical to use in the industry. The flight speed of droplets analyzed with the interference image-based measurement at various frequencies and amplitudes of the inkjet driving voltage were compared with the shadow image-based measurement. The interference image-based measurement showed a coefficient of variation of less than 3%, showing higher repeatability than the shadow image-based measurements.
PICLAnony: Controlled Anonymization of Face Attributes Based on Parametric Imitation Comparison Learning
Authors: Liu Hao , Ji Hongling , Liang Jiuzhen
Published: July 2024

With the ubiquitous use of mobile devices and the widespread sharing of personal photos and videos on social media, the use of anonymized images to avoid identity disclosure has become essential. Aiming at the problem of low-quality and uncontrollable anonymous faces generated by existing anonymization algorithms, we propose PICLAnony, a controllable anonymization algorithm for face attributes based on parametric imitation comparison learning. It transfers the four visual information corresponding to identity, expression, pose, and illumination of the source image to the generated anonymized face image through parametric imitation contrast learning. And it edits these attribute features that reflecting sensitive behavioral intentions in a context-controlled manner. In the parameter imitation learning stage, high-quality and pose-controllable anonymized faces are generated by imitating the semantic parameters of real images. In the parameter comparison learning stage, the semantic parameters of the edited anonymized image are compared and learned with those of the source image, which solves the problem of insufficient decoupling of expression and illumination attributes in the editing process. In addition, a background control module is designed to keep the background controllable during the editing process of anonymous face facial attributes. We show the subjective results of our algorithm on both CelebA\_HQ and FFHQ datasets, and the subjective and objective results demonstrate that PICLAnony outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of image quality and editing of facial attributes of anonymized faces.
Sensitivity and range of human gait synchronization with a machine oscillator system
Authors: Schroeder Ryan T. , Croft James L. , Bertram John E. A.
Published: July 2024

Humans sometimes synchronize their steps to mechanical oscillations in the environment (e.g., when walking on a swaying bridge or with a wearable robot). Previous studies have discovered discrete frequencies and/or amplitudes where individuals spontaneously synchronize to external oscillations, but these parameters are often chosen arbitrarily or for convenience of a successful experiment and are sparsely sampled due to time constraints on subject availability. As a result, the parameter space under which human gait synchronization occurs is still relatively underexplored. Here we systematically measure synchronization over a broad range of parameters in machine oscillations, applied vertically to the body center of mass during walking. Two complementary experiments were utilized to characterize the amplitudes (i.e., sensitivity) and frequencies (i.e., range) where gait synchronization occurs. We found that individuals were more sensitive to oscillation frequencies near their baseline step frequency and synchronized to a broader range of frequencies with larger oscillation amplitudes. Subjects also had greater sensitivity and range when they synchronized with oscillation frequencies below (rather than above) their baseline step frequencies. The results of this study provide a comprehensive mapping of parameters where synchronization occurs and could inform the design of exoskeletons, rehabilitation devices and other gait-assistive technologies.
Research on belt deviation diagnosis of belt conveyors based on deep learning
Authors: Wu Lei , Wang Yahu , Zhang Wei , Huang Shuai , Li Junxia
Published: July 2024

Due to the slow detection speed, low accuracy, and small detection range of existing methods for detecting belt deviation in belt conveyors, this paper introduces an enhanced Ultra-Fast Lane Detection (UFLD) algorithm that leverages deep learning for the detection of belt deviation. Based on the UFLD algorithm, a variable step-size row anchor division method is proposed, and the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is added to the network to enhance the feature extraction capabilities. Furthermore, improvements are made to the convolution operations in the ResNet-18 Stem and the downsampling operations in the residual modules, thereby enhancing the network's ability to detect the edges of conveyor belts. Based on the established experimental platform, a high-definition camera equipped with a track-type inspection robot was used to inspect the entire belt conveyor, covering the whole of the transmission line. The conveyor belt operation datasets collected under various working conditions were used to train and comparatively study the DHT, YOLOv5, LaneNet, SAD, and UFLD algorithms. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that the algorithm introduced in this article outperforms the other algorithms, achieving an F1-measure of 90.41%, an accuracy rate of 94.27%, and a detection speed of 39 frames per second (FPS), meeting the real-time diagnostic needs for belt misalignment in the coal mining industry.