bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the geometric and material properties of lumbar endplate on lumbar interbody fusion failure: a systematic review
Authors: Yu Yihang , Robinson Dale L. , Ackland David C. , Yang Yi , Lee Peter Vee Sin
Published: April 2022

Background

Lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) is an established surgical intervention for patients with leg and back pain secondary to disc herniation or degeneration. Interbody fusion involves removal of the herniated or degenerated disc and insertion of interbody devices with bone grafts into the remaining cavity. Extensive research has been conducted on operative complications such as a failure of fusion or non-union of the vertebral bodies. Multiple factors including surgical, implant, and patient factors influencing the rate of complications have been identified. Patient factors include age, sex, osteoporosis, and patient anatomy. Complications can also be influenced by the interbody cage design. The geometry of the bony endplates as well as their corresponding material properties guides the design of interbody cages, which vary considerably across patients with spinal disorders. However, studies on the effects of such variations on the rate of complications are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a systematic review of lumbar endplate geometry and material property factors in LIF failure.

Methods

Search keywords included ‘factor/cause for spinal fusion failure/cage subsidence/cage migration/non-union’, ‘lumbar’, and ‘interbody’ in electronic databases PubMed and Scopus with no limits on year of publication.

Results

In total, 1341 articles were reviewed, and 29 articles were deemed suitable for inclusion. Adverse events after LIF, such as cage subsidence, cage migration, and non-union, resulted in fusion failure; hence, risk factors for adverse events after LIF, notably those associated with lumbar endplate geometry and material properties, were also associated with fusion failure. Those risk factors were associated with shape, concavity, bone mineral density and stiffness of endplate, segmental disc angle, and intervertebral disc height.

Conclusions

This review demonstrated that decreased contact areas between the cage and endplate, thin and weak bony endplate as well as spinal diseases such as spondylolisthesis and osteoporosis are important causes of adverse events after LIF. These findings will facilitate the selection and design of LIF cages, including customised implants based on patient endplate properties.
Acute shortening and re-lengthening versus antibiotic calcium sulfate-loaded bone transport for the management of large segmental tibial defects after trauma
Authors: Huang Qiang , Xu YiBo , Lu Yao , Ren Cheng , Liu Lu , Li Ming , Wang Qian , Li Zhong , Xue HanZhong , Zhang Kun , Ma Teng
Published: April 2022

Background

The purpose of this paper was to compare the clinical effects of acute shortening and re-lengthening (ASR) technique with antibiotic calcium sulfate-loaded bone transport (ACSBT) technique for the management of large segmental tibial defects after trauma.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 68 patients with large segmental tibial defects were included and completely followed. The bone loss was 3–10 cm. ASR group included 32 patients, while ACSBT group contained 36. There was no significant difference in demographic information between the two groups. The external fixation time (EFT) and external fixation index (EFI) were compared. Bone defect healing and limb functions were evaluated according to the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI) criteria. Complications were compared by Paley classification.

Results

The mean EFT was 9.2 ± 1.8 months in ASR group and 10.1 ± 2.0 months in ACSBT group, respectively. The mean EFI was 1.5 ± 0.2 month/cm and 1.4 ± 0.3 month/cm. According to the ASAMI criteria, in ASR group bone defect healing was excellent in 22 cases, good in 7 cases and fair in 3 cases. In ACSBT group, it was excellent in 23 cases, good in 11 cases and fair in 2 cases. In ASR group, the limb function was excellent in 15 cases, good in 7 cases and fair in 10 cases, while it was excellent in 14 cases, good in 9 cases and fair in 13 cases with ACSBT group. There was no significant difference in EFI, bone defect healing and limb functions between the two groups (p > 0.05). The mean number of complications per patient in ACSBT group was significantly lower than that in ASR group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Both techniques can be successfully used for the management of large segmental tibial defects after trauma. There was no significant difference in EFI, limb functions and bone defect healing between the two groups. Compared with ASR group, the complication incidence in ACSBT group was lower, especially the infection-related complications. Therefore, for patients with large segmental bone defects caused by infection or osteomyelitis, ACSBT technique could be the first choice.
Tapered wedge stems decrease early postoperative subsidence following cementless total hip arthroplasty in Dorr type C femurs compared to fit-and-fill stems
Authors: Ikemura Satoshi , Motomura Goro , Hamai Satoshi , Fujii Masanori , Kawahara Shinya , Sato Taishi , Hara Daisuke , Shiomoto Kyohei , Nakashima Yasuharu
Published: April 2022

Background

To compare the degree of stem subsidence between two different femoral component designs and to determine the risk factors associated with stem subsidence after cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in Dorr type C femurs.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 104 consecutive hips in 100 patients with Dorr type C proximal femoral morphology who underwent primary cementless THA using a fit-and-fill stem or a tapered wedge femoral stem at our institution between January 2012 and June 2021. A fit-and-fill stem was used in 55 hips and a tapered wedge stem was used in 49 hips. Radiologically, the distance between the apex of the major trochanter and the stem shoulder were measured at three different time points (immediately [0W], one week [1W], and six weeks [6W] after surgery) and the degrees of stem subsidence were assessed by comparing the distance between 0 and 1W, 1W and 6W, and 0W and 6W, respectively.

Results

The mean degree of stem subsidence (0W vs. 1W) was 0.24 mm (standard deviation [SD] 0.36) in the fit-and-fill stem group, and 0.23 mm (SD 0.41) in the tapered wedge stem group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.4862). However, the mean degrees of subsidence were significantly higher in the fit-and-fill stem group (1W vs. 6W, 0.38 mm [SD 0.68]; 0W vs. 6W, 0.65 mm [SD 0.87]) than in the tapered wedge stem group (1W vs. 6W, 0.16 mm [SD 0.32]; 0W vs. 6W, 0.24 mm [SD 0.38]) (P < 0.05 for both). In addition, the rates of > 3 mm subsidence (in which instability can be observed) were 18.2% (10 of 55 hips) and 2.0% (1 of 49 hips), respectively. There was also a significant difference between the two stems (P = 0.0091). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that fit-and-fill stem was a risk factor for > 3 mm subsidence after THA in Dorr type C femurs (P = 0.0050).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the tapered wedge stem is more suitable for Dorr type C femurs than the fit-and-fill stem to avoid early postoperative subsidence in cementless THA.
Clinical effect of arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis on irreparable rotator cuff tear
Authors: Ma Min , Pan Zhangyi , Lu Liangyu
Published: April 2022

Objective

To explore the clinical effect of arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis for on irreparable rotator cuff tear.

Methods

A total of 18 patients with irreparable rotator cuff tear who were treated in the Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine from April 2018 to March 2020 were included in this study. They all underwent arthroscopic long head of biceps transfer and tenodesis. Shoulder joint motions (forward flexion, abduction, and external rotation angle) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed. Moreover, visual analogue scale (VAS) and university of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score were conducted during follow-up.

Results

Preoperative symptoms lasted from 3 to 16 months, with an average duration of 10 months. All patients healed in the first stage without obvious complications were included. All patients were followed up for 4 to 14 months after the surgery, with an average duration of 11.1 months. The range of shoulder joint motions, including forward flexion (80.52° ± 31.19° vs. 149.47° ± 28.36°), abduction (65.13° ± 37.59° vs. 152.46° ± 28.64°) and lateral rotation (30.17° ± 15.15° vs. 71.49° ± 11.42°) was significantly improved after operation (P < 0.05). The VAS score was notably decreased after operation (8.46 ± 0.80 vs. 1.55 ± 0.70), but the UCLA score was markedly increased (15.27 ± 2.89 vs. 31.17 ± 2.36). MRI imaging showed that 15 patients had good tissue healing, with a healing rate of 83.3% (15/18).

Conclusion

Arthroscopy of the biceps long head tendon transposition can significantly relieve pain in patients with large rotator cuff tears, improve joint mobility, and restore joint function.
External validation of the 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm after cardiac arrest
Authors: Youn Chun Song , Park Kyu Nam , Kim Soo Hyun , Lee Byung Kook , Cronberg Tobias , Oh Sang Hoon , Jeung Kyung Woon , Cho In Soo , Choi Seung Pill ,   the Korean Hypothermia Network Investigators
Published: April 2022

Purpose

To assess the performance of the post-cardiac arrest (CA) prognostication strategy algorithm recommended by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) in 2020.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of the Korean Hypothermia Network Prospective Registry 1.0. Unconscious patients without confounders at day 4 (72–96 h) after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were included. The association between the prognostic factors included in the prognostication strategy algorithm, except status myoclonus and the neurological outcome, was investigated, and finally, the prognostic performance of the prognostication strategy algorithm was evaluated. Poor outcome was defined as cerebral performance categories 3–5 at 6 months after ROSC.

Results

A total of 660 patients were included in the final analysis. Of those, 108 (16.4%) patients had a good neurological outcome at 6 months after CA. The 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm identified patients with poor neurological outcome with 60.2% sensitivity (95% CI 55.9–64.4) and 100% specificity (95% CI 93.9–100) among patients who were unconscious or had a GCS_M score ≤ 3 and with 58.2% sensitivity (95% CI 53.9–62.3) and 100% specificity (95% CI 96.6–100) among unconscious patients. When two prognostic factors were combined, any combination of prognostic factors had a false positive rate (FPR) of 0 (95% CI 0–5.6 for combination of no PR/CR and poor CT, 0–30.8 for combination of No SSEP N20 and NSE 60).

Conclusion

The 2020 ERC/ESICM prognostication strategy algorithm predicted poor outcome without an FPR and with sensitivities of 58.2–60.2%. Any combinations of two predictors recommended by ERC/ESICM showed 0% of FPR.
A challenging case of an adolescent and young adult patient with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the need for a multidisciplinary approach: a case report
Authors: Kranjčec Izabela , Matijašić Nuša , Abdović Slaven , Hižar Gašpar Iva , La Grasta Sabolić Lavinia , Jadrijević-Cvrlje Filip
Published: April 2022

Background

Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are treated according to pediatric-based regimens to achieve better results. However, implementation of intensive chemotherapy protocols in this age group is associated with increased treatment-related toxicities, affecting almost every organ and system. In this case, the focus of our interest was on rather rare entities: steroid-induced psychosis that seldom develops in children and adolescents, and choroid plexus hemosiderosis, infrequently identified as a first sign of iron overload.

Case presentation

The aim of this paper is to present a challenging case of a 15-year-old Caucasian male patient treated for high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia and who experienced various adverse incidents during intensive chemotherapy, thus necessitating a high-quality multidisciplinary approach. Slow minimal residual disease clearance was an additional concerning issue. Induction and re-induction were complicated by steroid-induced hyperglycemia that required multiple-week insulin. During consolidation, acute kidney injury on the basis of chronic kidney disease was verified, demanding subsequent drug dose modifications. By the end of re-induction, after dexamethasone cessation, infrequent steroid-induced psychosis, presented as incoherent speech, aggressive behavior, and mood swings, required intensive psychiatric support. Neurological evaluation of seizures revealed uncommon choroid plexus hemosiderosis by brain magnetic resonance imaging, warranting appropriate selection of iron chelation therapy in the context of preexisting nephropathy. Ultimately, iron deposits of moderate intensity were verified by liver magnetic resonance imaging, while heart tissue remained intact. The early diagnosis and adequate treatment of aforementioned difficult toxicities resulted in complete recovery of the patient.

Conclusions

Treating adolescents with high-risk acute leukemia and multiple therapy-related morbidities remains a challenge, even in the era of extensive and effective supportive therapy. Superior survival rates might be achieved by prompt recognition of both frequent and rarely encountered adverse episodes, as well as well-timed and appropriate management by a well-coordinated multidisciplinary team.
Pain catastrophizing, pain sensitivity and fear of pain are associated with early life environmental unpredictability: a path model approach
Authors: Simon Eszter , Zsidó András N. , Birkás Béla , Csathó Árpád
Published: April 2022

Background

Socioeconomic disadvantages in the childhood environment might strongly influence beliefs and behavior characterizing the adult years. When children experience unpredictable and adverse situations, they develop an unpredictability schema with the core belief that situations are unpredictable.

Methods

In two studies, we examined the association of childhood socioeconomic disadvantages with self-reported pain sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, and pain-related fear. Multidimensional survey measures were used to assess environmental conditions experienced in childhood. In addition, participants completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire, Body Awareness Questionnaire, Unpredictability Schema Questionnaire, and Fear of Pain Questionnaire. In Study 1 (N = 252), in separate models, we examined pain sensitivity and pain catastrophizing of a community sample of pain-free young individuals in association with their childhood experiences. In Study 2 (N = 293), in a new sample, but with a wider age range, we examined the association of early life socioeconomic disadvantages with pain-related fear. In both studies, the predictions were tested with Structural Equation Modeling. Our models constituted a path from childhood socioeconomic status and household unpredictability to pain variables via the factors of family resources, unpredictability schemas, and body awareness.

Results and conclusions

The findings converged on the conclusion that individuals experiencing disadvantageous early life conditions tended to have an elevated level of pain catastrophizing, higher perceived sensitivity to pain, and higher level of pain-related fear. These associations were mediated by an unpredictability schema and body awareness.
Accuracy evaluation of orthodontic movements with aligners: a prospective observational study
Authors: Bilello G. , Fazio M. , Amato E. , Crivello L. , Galvano A. , Currò G.
Published: April 2022

Background

Since their introduction in orthodontics, clear aligners have been appreciated by patients, including adults, for their comfort and low aesthetic impact. Despite the enormous mobilization of financial resources all over the world aimed at producing new product lines, few clinical studies or high-quality evidence have been produced regarding the real effectiveness of such treatment. Given the few limited kinds of research on the subject, this study aims to produce and critically evaluate other data, to establish the concrete reliability of clear aligners in orthodontic therapy.

Results

Significant sample sizes were obtained for intrusion, vestibulo/lingual (V/L) crown tipping, and rotation. The overall accuracy for rotation resulted in 86%, ranging from 96% for maxillary central incisors to 70.4% for mandibular first premolars. The intrusion was registered only for anterior teeth; mean predictability was 92%, with the worst result being 86.7% for mandibular canines and the best being 98% for mandibular central incisors. V/L tipping was the most accurate movement: 93.1% of the prescribed movement was completed. Maxillary central incisors showed the lowest accuracy (80.7%), while mandibular central incisors were the highest (97.5%).

Conclusions

The present study provided reassuring data in support of the accuracy of the Invisalign® system. Vestibulo/lingual tipping was the most predictable movement, while rotation of canines, premolars, and lateral incisors were the least predictable. Intrusion resulted highly predictable up to 2 mm. When careful treatment planning follows a correct diagnosis, together with the use of auxiliary features and refinements, the planned results can be achieved in a clinically successful way. Authors believe that there is a major need for greater samples to overcome bias related to variables if we want to answer the unsolved questions, such as the predictability of severe malocclusions treatment.
Heat pre-treatment can abolish anti-drug antibody interference in ligand binding pharmacokinetic assays
Authors: Poulsen Svend , Jørgensen Louise , Galle Pia Søndergaard
Published: April 2022

Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can interfere with ligand binding assays (LBAs) by binding to epitopes recognized by the assay antibodies or by preventing assay antibody binding through steric hindrance. This can lead to underestimation of total drug concentration in pharmacokinetic (PK) samples which can confound decisions during drug development. We hypothesized that ADA interference in LBAs can be removed by sample heat pre-treatment. We heat pre-treated ADA-spiked samples by incubating them in a shallow water bath at 56–100 °C for 5–30 min prior to measuring the samples by a traditional electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay. Heat pre-treatment at minimum 85 °C for 5 min completely removed the ADA interference. We then compared the analyte concentrations measured with and without heat pre-treatment of blood samples from toxicology studies performed for two different analytes in 60 cynomolgus monkeys and 29 minipigs, respectively. The overall difference in measured concentration of ADA-positive samples was significantly different from the overall difference in measured concentration of ADA-negative samples. For the cynomolgus monkey study samples, the ADA titer was determined, and the difference in measured concentration, when comparing heat pre-treatment to no heat pre-treatment, was significantly correlated to the ADA titer. Additionally, heat pre-treatment removed parallelism issues observed in a subset of study samples. Our data suggest that sample heat pre-treatment can abolish ADA interference in an LBA and could serve as a tool to assess the degree of ADA interference and the total drug concentration in a PK sample. Of note, before utilizing this strategy on a new analyte, it is necessary to assess whether heat pre-treatment negatively affects the detection of the analyte by the assay antibodies.
The effects of socioeconomic status, oral and dental health practices, and nutritional status on dental health in 12-year-old school children
Authors: Aslan Ceylan Jiyan , Aslan Yusuf , Ozcelik Ayse Ozfer
Published: April 2022

Background

This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, oral, and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren.

Methods

The sample of the study consisted of a total of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews via a questionnaire form. Dentist determined DMFT and dmft indices of the children. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) package program was used to analyze the data.

Results

It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The number of girls with caries in permanent teeth and boys with caries in milk teeth was higher (p < 0.05). The frequency of seeing a dentist and changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing (p < 0.05). It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are lower (p < 0.05). There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements.

Conclusion

Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and socioeconomic status were shown to be effective on caries. Caries risk assessment and determining leading risk factors enable effective prevention programs to be implemented at different levels.
The relation between adipose-derived stem cells and wound healing process - the review
Authors: Gruca Dariusz , Zając Marlena , Wróblewski Wiktor , Borowiecka Monika , Buksak Dagmara
Published: April 2022

Introduction and purpose: Wound healing is a process including complex overlapping stages requiring many components. Adipose tissue is an organ that is responsible for maintaining homeostasis through inflammatory responses, signal transmission, energy expenditure connected with different organs. Fat tissue is a rich and readily available source of multipotent stem cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have the potential in tissue regeneration because of their self-renewal and ability to differentiate in various types of cells. This review discusses ADSCs in terms of basic knowledge, methods of acquisition, prospects for use in healthcare, focusing mainly on the potential application in the wound healing process.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: The article contains current knowledge about biology, specific properties of adipose-derived stem cells and also shows the relationship to the wound healing process. The review presents research that points to the possibility of using ADSCs in future medicine.
Conclusions: Adipose-derived stem cells may constitute a prominent role in tissue regeneration owing to the secretion of various cytokines, the ability to differentiate into multiple lineages, their immunomodulatory effects, and the ease of cell obtaining. Further studies are required to explore the accurate mechanism of ADSCs action and their long-term safety in clinical application. Stem cell therapy brings new hope for the repair of chronic and refractory wounds and skin defects.
The significance of ‘loud’ and ‘quiet’ forms of audience participation to community radio in Niger and Mali
Authors: Heywood Emma , Ivey Beatrice
Published: April 2022

Community radio in Mali and Niger represents important hubs through which organized groups (such as listening clubs or associations) access information and participate in broadcasting through active and formalized channels. Drawing on radio listener focus groups conducted in Mali and Niger between 2018 and 2020, this article discusses the importance, to community radio, of ‘loud’ participation (formalized spaces) and ‘quiet’ participation (informal discussion spaces) amongst audiences. We argue that these ‘quiet’ forms of participation are important as they reinforce and support existing networks of solidarity in the community. Community radio stations rarely ‘hear’ listener participation via these informal spaces of discussion – which are more closely associated with women – but they are nonetheless crucial, yet overlooked, alternative forms of audience participation.
Prison papers: Between alternative and mainstream
Authors: Stiernstedt Fredrik , Kaun Anne
Published: April 2022

This article engages with the history of Swedish prison papers, situating them as alternative media within the broader media landscape shaped by the emergence and dismantling of the welfare state. The article not only aims to give a descriptive account of the history of Swedish prison papers but also builds and further develops theorizations of alternative media by constructing them not in opposition to established media but as in dialogue and exchange with them. As we show, prison papers have had repercussions for mainstream discourses beyond catering to niche audiences. Therefore, we suggest that alternative media should be understood as part of the broader media landscape rather than being situated outside of it. This also has implications for how we conceptualize newly emerging alternative media, also called alt-media, that are not progressive but populist and right-wing oriented, as well as supportive of conspiracy theories.
What’s the Point of News? A Study in Ethical Journalism, T. Harcup (2020)
Authors: Miles Caitlin Marie
Published: April 2022

Review of: What’s the Point of News? A Study in Ethical Journalism, T. Harcup (2020)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 158 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03039-946-7, p/bk, $59.99
Effects of synbiotics preparations added to Pengging duck diets on egg production and egg quality and hematological traits
Authors: Kismiati Sri , Djauhari Luthfi , Sunarti Dwi , Sarjana Teysar Adi
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Duck eggs have high cholesterol levels; inulin addition combined with probiotic is known in several studies to lower cholesterol, while maintaining egg production capacity and blood hematology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the addition of synbiotic preparations on egg production, egg quality, and hematology of Pengging ducks. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 female Pengging ducks aged 75 weeks (late production phase) and weighing 1467±90.87 g were maintained in litter cages, each measuring 1×1 ducks. The treatment included the addition of synbiotics between the inulin of gembili tuber (Dioscorea esculenta L. and Lactobacillus plantarum Ina CC B76) as follows: T0=control feed ("farmer feed"), T1=control feed+synbiotics 1 mL/100 g, T2=control feed+synbiotics 1.5 mL/g, and T3=control feed+synbiotics 2 mL/100 g in the feed. A completely randomized design was used in this study. The production performance, physical and chemical qualities of eggs, and hematological parameters of Pengging ducks were evaluated. Results: The addition of synbiotics had no significant impact on the production performance, physical and chemical qualities of eggs, and hematological parameters (p>0.05), except for the egg yolk cholesterol content. The cholesterol content decreased significantly (p<0.05) with T2 and T3 treatments, but they had no significant effect (p>0.05). A significant decrease (p<0.01) in cholesterol levels was observed when the synbiotic dose was given at 1.5 ml/100 g feed (T2). However, there was no further decrease in cholesterol level when the synbiotic dose was increased to 2 ml/100g fed (T3). Conclusion: The addition of synbiotics preparations at 1.5 mL/100 g reduced the cholesterol content but did not improve egg production, egg physical quality, and hematology of Pengging ducks.
Reporting uncertified science in the news media during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: van Schalkwyk Francois , Dudek Jonathan
Published: April 2022

Preprints have gained prominence in the dissemination of scientific findings. This development has been reinforced by the Covid-19 pandemic, which continues to require the rapid dissemination of new scientific information. However, since preprints usually have not undergone peer review, they lack the rigor of other scientific publications such as journal articles. This presents a challenge for the news media tasked with keeping the public informed about the latest scientific developments in the context of great uncertainty during a global pandemic. This research note investigates the reporting of scientific information from preprints in 80 news articles identified in news articles related to Covid-19 published in four South African online media outlets. Our results show that despite the publication of guidelines for reporting on preprints in the media, there is still a way to go regarding the judicious use of scientific information from preprints by the news media.
Resilience of the Russian Regional Economies to the 2020 Pandemic
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Malkina Marina
Published: April 2022

The study is devoted to assessing the resilience of Russian regions’ economies to the 2020 pandemic and analysing its factors. We evaluate the regional economies’ resilience using a set of per capita indicators, such as budget revenues and household incomes, production in the main sectors of the economy, and investments in fixed assets. We use two alternative methods for assessing the resilience of a region to an external shock: the modified method of R. Martin and R. Lagravinese, based on a comparison of regional trends with country-wide ones, and the author’s approach, based on a comparison of pandemic indicators with non-pandemic forecasts of the region. All particular resilience indicators are normalized and reduced to an integral indicator. The study revealed the most significant resilience to the pandemic of some underdeveloped Russian regions, which received substantial government support and several border territories and Far Eastern regions, which benefited from the increase in metal prices. The more developed and large economies and the centres of the extractive industry demonstrated the lowest resilience. The calculation of correlations between resilience indices and regional development indicators confirmed the impact of the sectoral and institutional structure of the economy on its resistance to the shock. By building an econometric model estimated by the OLS method, we confirmed the positive impact of the share of employment in government-owned and municipal enterprises and the negative impact of the degree of openness, the size of the economy and the share of the mining industry on the regional economies’ resilience. The conducted research is applicable in developing a balanced inter-budgetary, regional and sectoral policy in the context of economic crises of a pandemic type
Notes on the nomenclature and typification of eight names in Bignoniaceae
Authors: Kumar Anand , Chakrabarty Tapas
Published: April 2022

Lectotype is designated for two names, Bignonia xylocarpa Roxb., Radermachera tonkinensis Dop and second-step lectotype is also designated for six names, Radermachera corymbosa Steenis, R. elegans Steenis, R. pentandra Hemsl., R. pierrei Dop, R. poilanei Dop and Stereospermum seemannii Rolfe.
Numerical and experimental investigation of two phase flow geometrical characteristics
Authors: Abdul Hussein Hyder M. , Ahmed Sabah T. , Habeeb Laith Jaafer
Published: April 2022

This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of the effect of the geometric parameter on the two-phase flow (white kerosene-water) flow pattern system. The investigation was carried out using three lengths (1, 2 and 3) m of rectangular horizontal smooth channel and three channel heights of (5, 7.5 and 10) cm respectively. The flow conditions for the input water velocity (0.2 m/s) and the input kerosene velocity (0.1 m/s) for both measurements have been investigated. Two-inlet techniques have been employed. Firstly, at the inlet, the kerosene was on top of the bath. Then, second, from the center, the kerosene inlets (water is above and below the kerosene). A numerical verification analysis was introduced using the ANSYS software using the method of volume of fluid (VOF) and mixture multiphase flow modeling coupled with the normal k-ε turbulence schemes. A collection of seven methods of CFD types is explored by running 224 instances. Comparisons were made between numerical and experimental works.
Combined effect of Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. (Chlorophyta) and silicon-containing organic fertilizer on the productivity of sweet pepper, microbiocenosis, allelopathic and agronomic characteristics of the soil
Authors:   M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska Str., Kyiv 01014, Ukraine, Zaimenko N.V. , Tsarenko P.M. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Didyk N.P. ,   M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska Str., Kyiv 01014, Ukraine, Ivanytska B.O. ,   M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska Str., Kyiv 01014, Ukraine, Ellanska N.E. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Pavliuchenko N.A. ,   M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska Str., Kyiv 01014, Ukraine, Kharytonova I.P. ,   M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden, NAS of Ukraine, 1 Tymiryazivska Str., Kyiv 01014, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

The combined effect of green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and siliceous organo-mineral fertilizer (analcite + peat (pH 5.8) in a ratio of 1 : 3) on the characteristics of growth, development, photosynthetic productivity, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L., variety "Bieloziorka"), as well as microbiocenosis, allelopathic and agronomic characteristics of the soil was studied in pot experiments. The microalgae culture medium was applied in a volume of 10 mL per a pot (0.7 L) with sifted and sterilized gray podzolic soil. Plants were grown in a phytochamber under controlled conditions of light, temperature and soil moisture. The vitality of the pepper plants was assessed by morphometric growth characteristics (shoot height, stem diameter, leaf surface area, length of roots, shoot and root dry weights, quantity and weight of fruits), content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves, protective antioxidants (carotenoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins) in fruits. At the end of the experiment, the content of phenolics, electric conductivity, redox potential, pH, the content of NH4+, NO3- and HCO3- in the soil solution were determined. A synergistic enhancement of the positive effect of microalgae and siliceous organo-mineral fertilizer on the growth, development, productivity and yield quality of sweet peppers has been established. The combined application of chlorella culture medium with siliceous organo-mineral fertilizer more effectively improved agronomic and allelopathic characteristics of the soil, stimulated the development of agronomically useful ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms, the intensity of mineralization and transformation of organic matter compared to control and treatments in which microalgae or fertilizer were applied separately.
Microphytobenthos of various reservoirs of Кіnburnska sandy braid (NPP "Biloberezhzha of Svyatоslаv", Ukraine)
Authors:   Odesa I.I. Mechnykov National University, Department of Hydrobiology and General Ecology,     2 Dvoryanska Str., Odesa 65082, Ukraine, Gerasimiuk V.P.
Published: April 2022

Taxonomical composition of microscopic algae of different reservoirs (Dnieper estuary, Kefalny, Guryansky and Cherepashy lakes, Yagorlytsky Bay) of the Kinburn sand spit of north-western part of the Black Sea (National Nature Park “Biloberezhzha of Svyatoslav”) is studied. Material tests that is collected on sandy and silty soils served as for researches, and also in becoming overgrown with of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, Mya arenaria L., Cerastoderma lamarcki Reeve and Balanus improvisus Darwin, macroscopic algae (Ceramium virgatum Roth, Cladophora vagabunda (L.) Hoek, C. siwaschensis C.Meyer, Ulva intestinalis L., Polysiphonia elongata (Huds.) Harv.) of Kіnburnska braid from September in 2019 for October in 2021. On the whole it was collected and analysed 90 standards. 116 species of microscopic algae are educed, that to 74 genera, 52 families, 31 orders, 9 classes, 6 divisions, belong, 3 kingdoms and 2 empires. After systematic composition Bacillariophyta (76 species) prevailed above Cyanophyta (26), Chlorophyta (7), Dinophyta (3), Chrysophyta (3) and by Haptophyta (1). 86 species of algae were found in the microphytobenthos of Yagorlyk Bay, 56 in Dnieper estuary, 33 in Cherepashy, 22 in Guryansky and 17 in Kefalny lakes. As a result of researches it was educed 2 new and 4 rare species of microscopic algae for the aquatorium of the Black Sea.
Species structure of algae of the saline coastal reservoirs of the Pryazov National Natural Park
Authors:   Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University,     Department of Botany and Landscape Gardening,     20, St. Getmanska, Melitopol 72312, Zaporizhzhja Region, Ukraine, Bren O.G. , Solonenko A.M. ,   Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University,     Department of Botany and Landscape Gardening,     20, St. Getmanska, Melitopol 72312, Zaporizhzhja Region, Ukraine, Podorozhny S.M. ,   Bogdan Khmelnytsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University,     Department of Botany and Landscape Gardening,     20, St. Getmanska, Melitopol 72312, Zaporizhzhja Region, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

The paper is devoted to the researches of species composition and taxonomic structure of algae in the saline coastal reservoirs of the Pryazov National Natural Park (PNNP). It is established that species composition of algae in the studied reservoirs under modern conditions includes 153 species. These species represented 7 divisions, 11 classes, 32 orders, 61 families, 92 genera. The highest species richness at the level of divisions showed Cyanoprokaryota (43.8% of the total number of species), Bacillariophyta (32.0%) and Chlorophyta (20.9%). These divisions include 148 species and form the basis of the species composition in the studied water bodies. The leading orders of algae in the researched reservoirs were Oscillatoriales and Synechococcales (23 and 20 species respectively). The most diversely represented families were: Oscillatoriaceae (13 species), Nostocaceae, Leptolyngbyaceae, Naviculaceae (8 each), Microcoleaceae, Bacillariaceae (7 each). The top list of the genera by this parameter: Leptolyngbya (6 species), Lyngbya, Nostoc, Phormidium, Nitzschia (5 each), Calothrix, Kamptonema, Cocconeis, Navicula (4each).The highest frequency of occurrence among the identified species had also diatoms, cyanoprokaryotes and green algae: Halamphora coffeiformis (5.26%), Lyngbya aestuarii (4.21%), Cladophora siwaschensis (3.51%), Hantzschia amphioxys (3.33%), Nodularia harveyana (2.98%).Our researches demonstrate that species composition of algae of the studied saline coastal reservoirs of PNNP is quite impoverished in comparison with the partial soil algae flora, as well as the species list of algae of the freshwater reservoirs and seas of Ukraine. Specific features of the taxonomic composition of the saline coastal reservoirs are manifested in the association of organisms of fresh, marine and terrestrial habitats.
Monoraphidium sp. IBASU-A 574 (Selenastraceae, Chlorophyta) - a promising producer of biomass for bioenergy
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Tsarenko P.M. , Borysova O.V. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Kharkhota M.A. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology NAS of Ukraine 154 Acad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine, Zelena L.B. ,   D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology NAS of Ukraine 154 Acad. Zabolotny Str., Kyiv 03680, Ukraine, Konischuk M.O. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Burova O.V. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine, 2 Tereschenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Blume Ya.B. ,   Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of NAS of Ukraine, 2а Osypovskogo Str., Kyiv, 04123, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

he present studies were carried out to evaluate a potential biofuel application of the native strain Monoraphidium sp. IBASU-A 574 (Selenastraceae, Chlorophyta) adapted to the temperate zone climatic conditions. This strain was isolated from a small freshwater lake situated in Kyiv-city (Ukraine) by the reached culture method for obtaining desired strains of different species with high growth rate. It was identified based on its morphological characterization under light microscopy and 18S rRNA sequence analysis. Its culture’s growth, kinetic characteristics (specific growth rate and productivity) and biological peculiarities of the investigated strain were studied in comparison with the well-known biomass producer Chlorella vulgaris Beijer. CALU 157 under the same autotrophic cultivating conditions with using the modified Tamiya medium. It was established an active growth of Monoraphidium sp. IBASU-A 574 which was practically equal to the well-known producer and characterized by following parameters: a maximum cell density of 248 ∙ 10-6 cells ∙ mL-1, the specific growth rate of 1.4 days-1 and productivity of 72.5 ∙ 10-6 cells ∙ mL-1 ∙ days-1. The results of gas-liquid chromatography analysis showed that a fatty acid profile of this microalga included a complex of palmitic (C16: 0), oleic (C18: 1), linoleic (C18: 2) and linolenic (C18: 3) major fatty acids with suitable proportion for developing biodiesel feedstocks. Moreover, there was considerable variation in formation of its fatty acid composition depending on the stage of growth, that confirmed the necessity for such studies to determine both optimal time for growing algae and gaing maximum yield of target products. Thus, Monoraphidium sp. IBASU-A 574 was found to be the promising producer of biomass for bioenergetic industry due to obtained data of its growth characteristics and suitable fatty acid profile of lipids.
Effect of Computer Use on Tactile Perception and Dexterity of Hand in Frequent Computer Users
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Physiotherapy school and centre, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Kubal Swati , Thaker Himanshi ,   Intern, Physiotherapy School and Centre, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: April 2022

Context: Frequent use of computer involves repetitive tasks of hand. As previous studies imply that repetitive tasks lead to degeneration of the sensory representation of the hand and thus have an effect on sensory motor functions of hand. Aims: The present study aimed to find out the effect of computer use on tactile perception and dexterity of hand in frequent computer users. Settings and Design: The study was cross-sectional, analytic study conducted at the physiotherapy O.P.D. at a tertiary care hospital. Forty adults participated in the study recruited on the basis of computer use. There were 20 frequent users (≥2hours/day, ≥12 months) and 20 occasional users (<2hours/day, <12 months). Methods and Material: Tactile perception was assessed by two point orientation discrimination test using an aesthesiometer and dexterity of hand was assessed by grooved pegboard test using a grooved pegboard. Statistical analysis used: Unpaired t test or Mann Whitney U test was performed according to the distribution of the data in each group. Results: The study showed significant difference for Two point orientation discrimination test in dominant hand (P=0.0033 for thenar and P=0.0043 for hypothenar) and non-dominant hand (P=0.0016 for thenar and P=0.0100 for hypothenar). There was no significant difference for Grooved pegboard test in frequent computer users when compared with occasional users. Conclusions: The present study gives evidence that early signs of deficits occur in people exposed to repetitive computer tasks. KEY WORDS: Computer Use, Repetitive Tasks, Hand Functions, Tactile Perception, Dexterity.
Effect of Functional Training on Speed Agility Explosive Power and Aerobic Endurance In Recreational Soccer Players
Authors:   Post graduate student, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India., Philip Elvin Chacko , Pulicken Rejimol Jos ,   Associate Professor, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India., Remya N  ,   Professor and HOD, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India., Alwin Chinchu ,   Associate Professor, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India., Anumol C  ,   Assistant Professor, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India., Baby Reethu Elsa ,   Assistant Professor, Little Flower Institute Of Medical Science And Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India.
Published: April 2022

Background: Recreational soccer is characterized by fewer players per side and played on a smaller field than a standard competitive soccer game. Work to date indicates that recreational soccer positively motivates individuals and facilitates social interaction, which may enhance compliance and adherence to the activity and contribute to a physically active lifestyle. Functional training is becoming increasingly popular now a days and was ranked among the top 10 most popular fitness trends. Context and purpose: The popularity of recreational soccer is increasing day by day. There is scarcity of studies regarding exercise program for conditioning recreational soccer players. Specific exercise program for conditioning the recreational soccer players may improve their performance level and reduce the risk of injury. So this study aims to determine the effect of functional training on speed, agility, explosive power and aerobic endurance in recreational soccer players. Results: The results projected a significant improvement in speed, agility, explosive power in both groups. Even though both groups showed improvement, Group A, the experimental group showed statistically significant improvement in speed, agility, explosive power and aerobic endurance than Group B, the conventional group. The improvement in movement pattern, proprioceptive loading and specific changes in the mechanism responsible for oxygen transport and utilization during Functional training may be the reason for improvement in Group A than Group B. Conclusion: The study concluded that functional training along with conventional training is effective in improving speed, agility, explosive power and aerobic endurance in recreational soccer players. KEY WORDS: Functional Training, Recreational Soccer, Speed, Agility, Explosive Power, Aerobic Endurance.
Methods of Microencapsulation of Vegetable Oil: Principles, Stability and Applications - A Minireview
Authors: da Silva Luana Carvalho , Castelo Rachel Menezes , Cheng Huai N. , Biswas Atanu , Furtado Roselayne Ferro , Alves Carlucio Roberto
Published: April 2022

In addition to being used in food, fuel and lubricants, vegetable oils are promising in many other applications such as food additives, nutritional supplements, cosmetics and biomedicine; however, their low oxidative stability can limit their use. Microencapsulation
is a well-established method for the preservation of oil against degradation, controlled
release of active ingredients, protection against external factors during storage, and enhanced durability. In this article, microencapsulation methods for vegetable oil are reviewed, including physical methods (spray-drying and freeze-drying), physicochemical
methods (complex coacervation, ionic gelation and electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition),
and chemical methods (interfacial/in situ polymerization). This article also provides
information on the principles, parameters, advantages, disadvantages and applications
of these methods.
[RETRACTED] Vissential Max BHB Keto Pills Reviews - Canada v1
Authors: not provided vissentialmaxketopills
Published: April 2022

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Vissential Max BHB Keto Pills Reviews - Canada