bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Maize Phenotypic Traits With Genomic and Environmental Predictors Using Gradient Boosting Frameworks
Authors: Westhues Cathy C. , Mahone Gregory S. , da Silva Sofia , Thorwarth Patrick , Schmidt Malthe , Richter Jan-Christoph , Simianer Henner , Beissinger Timothy M.
Published: November 2021

The development of crop varieties with stable performance in future environmental conditions represents a critical challenge in the context of climate change. Environmental data collected at the field level, such as soil and climatic information, can be relevant to improve predictive ability in genomic prediction models by describing more precisely genotype-by-environment interactions, which represent a key component of the phenotypic response for complex crop agronomic traits. Modern predictive modeling approaches can efficiently handle various data types and are able to capture complex nonlinear relationships in large datasets. In particular, machine learning techniques have gained substantial interest in recent years. Here we examined the predictive ability of machine learning-based models for two phenotypic traits in maize using data collected by the Maize Genomes to Fields (G2F) Initiative. The data we analyzed consisted of multi-environment trials (METs) dispersed across the United States and Canada from 2014 to 2017. An assortment of soil- and weather-related variables was derived and used in prediction models alongside genotypic data. Linear random effects models were compared to a linear regularized regression method (elastic net) and to two nonlinear gradient boosting methods based on decision tree algorithms (XGBoost, LightGBM). These models were evaluated under four prediction problems: (1) tested and new genotypes in a new year; (2) only unobserved genotypes in a new year; (3) tested and new genotypes in a new site; (4) only unobserved genotypes in a new site. Accuracy in forecasting grain yield performance of new genotypes in a new year was improved by up to 20% over the baseline model by including environmental predictors with gradient boosting methods. For plant height, an enhancement of predictive ability could neither be observed by using machine learning-based methods nor by using detailed environmental information. An investigation of key environmental factors using gradient boosting frameworks also revealed that temperature at flowering stage, frequency and amount of water received during the vegetative and grain filling stage, and soil organic matter content appeared as important predictors for grain yield in our panel of environments.
Identification of Conserved and Divergent Strigolactone Receptors in Sugarcane Reveals a Key Residue Crucial for Plant Branching Control
Authors: Hu Anqi , Zhao Qiaoqiao , Chen Li , Zhao Jinping , Wang Yuehua , Feng Kuiliang , Wu Ling , Xie Miao , Zhou Xuemei , Xiao Langtao , Ming Zhenhua , Zhang Meng , Yao Ruifeng
Published: November 2021

Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of important plant hormones mainly regulating plant architecture such as branching, which is crucial for crop yield. It is valuable to study SL signaling pathway and its physiological function in sugarcane, the most important sugar crop, for further molecular breeding. Here, two putative SL receptors SsD14a/b and the interacting F-box protein SsMAX2 were identified in Saccharum spontaneum. SL induced both SsD14a and SsD14b to interact with SsMAX2 in yeast. SsD14a, but not SsD14b, could bind with AtMAX2 and AtSMXL7/SsSMXL7. Overexpression of SsD14a or SsMAX2 rescued the increased branching phenotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana d14-1 or max2-3 mutants, respectively. Moreover, the crystal structure of N-terminal truncated SsD14a was solved, with an overall structure identical to AtD14 and OsD14 in the open state, consistent with its conserved branching suppression capacity in Arabidopsis. In line with the biochemical observations, SsD14b could not completely complement in d14-1 although these two SsD14 proteins have almost identical primary sequences except for very few residues. Complement with the combination of SsD14b and SsMAX2 still failed to rescue the d14-1 max2-3 double mutant multi-branching phenotype, indicating SsD14b–AtSMXL7 complex formation is required for regulating branching. Mutagenesis analyses revealed that residue R310 at α10 helix of SsD14a was crucial for the binding with SsSMXL7/AtSMXL7 but not SsMAX2. The site-equivalent single-residue P304R substitution enabled SsD14b to bind with AtMAX2 and AtSMXL7/SsSMXL7 and to rescue the phenotype of d14-1 max2-3 together with SsMAX2. Moreover, this conserved Arg residue across species including rice and Arabidopsis determined the activity of SL receptors through maintaining their interaction with SMXL repressors. Taken together, our work identified conserved and divergent strigolactone receptors in sugarcane core SL signaling pathway and revealed a key residue crucial for plant branching control.
Twist-to-Bend Ratios and Safety Factors of Petioles Having Various Geometries, Sizes and Shapes
Authors: Langer Max , Kelbel Mark C. , Speck Thomas , Müller Claas , Speck Olga
Published: November 2021

From a mechanical viewpoint, petioles of foliage leaves are subject to contradictory mechanical requirements. High flexural rigidity guarantees support of the lamina and low torsional rigidity ensures streamlining of the leaves in wind. This mechanical trade-off between flexural and torsional rigidity is described by the twist-to-bend ratio. The safety factor describes the maximum load capacity. We selected four herbaceous species with different body plans (monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous) and spatial configurations of petiole and lamina (2-dimensional, 3-dimensional) and carried out morphological-anatomical studies, two-point bending tests and torsional tests on the petioles to analyze the influence of geometry, size and shape on their twist-to-bend ratio and safety factor. The monocotyledons studied had significantly higher twist-to-bend ratios (23.7 and 39.2) than the dicotyledons (11.5 and 13.3). High twist-to-bend ratios can be geometry-based, which is true for the U-profile of Hosta x tardiana with a ratio of axial second moment of area to torsion constant of over 1.0. High twist-to-bend ratios can also be material-based, as found for the petioles of Caladium bicolor with a ratio of bending elastic modulus and torsional modulus of 64. The safety factors range between 1.7 and 2.9, meaning that each petiole can support about double to triple the leaf’s weight.
Insight Between the Epigenetics and Transcription Responding of Cotton Hypocotyl Cellular Elongation Under Salt-Alkaline Stress
Authors: Rui Cun , Zhang Yuexin , Fan Yapeng , Han Mingge , Dai Maohua , Wang Qinqin , Chen Xiugui , Lu Xuke , Wang Delong , Wang Shuai , Gao Wenwei , Yu John Z. , Ye Wuwei
Published: November 2021

Gossypium barbadense is a cultivated cotton not only known for producing superior fiber but also for its salt and alkaline resistance. Here, we used Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) technology to map the cytosine methylation of the whole genome of the G. barbadense hypocotyl at single base resolution. The methylation sequencing results showed that the mapping rates of the three samples were 75.32, 77.54, and 77.94%, respectively. In addition, the Bisulfite Sequence (BS) conversion rate was 99.78%. Approximately 71.03, 53.87, and 6.26% of the cytosine were methylated at CG, CHG, and CHH sequence contexts, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptome data showed that the methylation level of the promoter region was a positive correlation in the CHH context. Saline-alkaline stress was related to the methylation changes of many genes, transcription factors (TFs) and transposable elements (TEs), respectively. We explored the regulatory mechanism of DNA methylation in response to salt and alkaline stress during cotton hypocotyl elongation. Our data shed light into the relationship of methylation regulation at the germination stage of G. barbadense hypocotyl cell elongation and salt-alkali treatment. The results of this research help understand the early growth regulation mechanism of G. barbadense in response to abiotic stress.
Saccadic Eye Movements in Elderly Depressed Patients With Suicidal Behaviors: An Exploratory Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Barsznica Yoan , Noiret Nicolas , Lambert Bérénice , Monnin Julie , De Pinho Claire , Hickel Julia , Masse Caroline , Richard-Devantoy Stephane , Morgny Cynthia , Bennabi Djamila , Haffen Emmanuel , Laurent Eric , Vandel Pierre , Chopard Gilles
Published: November 2021

Suicidal behaviors (SBs) are often associated with impaired performance on neuropsychological executive functioning (EF) measures that encourage the development of more specific and reliable tools. Recent evidence could suggest that saccadic movement using eye tracking can provide reliable information on EF in depressive elderly. The aim of this study was to describe oculomotor performances in elderly depressed patients with SB. To achieve this aim, we compared saccadic eye movement (SEM) performances in elderly depressed patients (N = 24) with SB and with no SB in prosaccade (PS) and antisaccade (AS) tasks under the gap, step, and overlap conditions. All participants also underwent a complete neuropsychological battery. Performances were impaired in patients with SB who exhibited less corrected AS errors and longer time to correct them than patients with no SB. Moreover, both groups had a similar performance for PS latencies and correct AS. These preliminary results suggested higher cognitive inflexibility in suicidal patients compared to non-suicidal. This inflexibility may explain the difficulty of the depressed elderly in generating solutions to the resurgence of suicidal ideation (SI) to respond adequately to stressful environments. The assessment of eye movement parameters in depressed elderly patients may be a first step in identifying high-risk patients for suicide.
Entrepreneurial Passion and Venture Capitalists’ Willingness to Invest: The Role of Relational Capital
Authors: Yang Hongtao , Shi Hangyu , Wu Yenchun Jim , Zhang Lei , Xie Shuting
Published: November 2021

Venture capital investment has serious conflicts of interest and information asymmetry. Venture capitalists often make investment decisions on the basis of the passion of entrepreneurs, including enthusiasm and preparedness, in the process of interacting with them. Most of the previous research on relational capital have focused on the cooperative relationship between suppliers and buyers. However, the role of relational capital in the process of partnership between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs has not been revealed. On the basis of signaling theory, we explore the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and venture capitalists’ willingness to invest. We also examine the mediating and moderating roles of relational capital. This study takes 79 projects between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs as samples for empirical analysis to verify our hypothesis. Results show that entrepreneurs’ enthusiasm and preparedness have a significant positive impact on venture capitalists’ willingness to invest. Relational capital plays a mediating role between entrepreneurial passion and venture capitalists’ willingness to invest. Relational capital positively moderates the relationship between preparedness and venture capitalists’ willingness to invest but has no moderating effect between enthusiasm and venture capitalists’ willingness to invest. Results deepen the understanding of the relationship between entrepreneurs’ passion and venture capitalists’ willingness to invest, which has guiding significance for venture capital practice in China.
EEG Signal Complexity Is Reduced During Resting-State in Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Proteau-Lemieux Mélodie , Knoth Inga Sophia , Agbogba Kristian , Côté Valérie , Barlahan Biag Hazel Maridith , Thurman Angela John , Martin Charles-Olivier , Bélanger Anne-Marie , Rosenfelt Cory , Tassone Flora , Abbeduto Leonard J. , Jacquemont Sébastien , Hagerman Randi , Bolduc François , Hessl David , Schneider Andrea , Lippé Sarah
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1). FXS is associated with neurophysiological abnormalities, including cortical hyperexcitability. Alterations in electroencephalogram (EEG) resting-state power spectral density (PSD) are well-defined in FXS and were found to be linked to neurodevelopmental delays. Whether non-linear dynamics of the brain signal are also altered remains to be studied.

Methods: In this study, resting-state EEG power, including alpha peak frequency (APF) and theta/beta ratio (TBR), as well as signal complexity using multi-scale entropy (MSE) were compared between 26 FXS participants (ages 5–28 years), and 77 neurotypical (NT) controls with a similar age distribution. Subsequently a replication study was carried out, comparing our cohort to 19 FXS participants independently recorded at a different site.

Results: PSD results confirmed the increased gamma, decreased alpha power and APF in FXS participants compared to NT controls. No alterations in TBR were found. Importantly, results revealed reduced signal complexity in FXS participants, specifically in higher scales, suggesting that altered signal complexity is sensitive to brain alterations in this population. The replication study mostly confirmed these results and suggested critical points of stagnation in the neurodevelopmental curve of FXS.

Conclusion: Signal complexity is a powerful feature that can be added to the electrophysiological biomarkers of brain maturation in FXS.
The Health of Firefighters Deployed to the Fort McMurray Fire: Lessons Learnt
Authors: Cherry Nicola , Beach Jeremy , Galarneau Jean-Michel
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Firefighters were working in exceptionally difficult conditions during the Fort McMurray/Horse River fire in May 2016.

Methods: From mid-May, we recruited firefighters from 13 fire services as they returned from the fire. In October 2016 we extended recruitment to all Alberta-based firefighters deployed to the fire. In December 2017–May 2018 we sent a first online follow-up: this concentrated on mental health supports. The second follow-up, in October 2018–January 2019, included screening scales for respiratory ill-health and PTSD. All three contacts included visual analogue scales for chest symptoms and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We estimated exposure to PM2.5, and calculated an exposure mitigation index from reports of respiratory protective equipment (RPE).

Results: We recruited 1,234 firefighters and examined the relation of respiratory symptoms to estimated particulate exposure. The relation was strong immediately post fire but weakened over time. We found less chest tightness and cough in those whose RPE in the first week mitigated exposure by at least 10%. We examined the relation between particulate exposure and mental ill-health from screening questionnaires and found those with high exposure (reflecting the ferocity of the fire) had poorer mental health scores. Firefighters reporting their “worst moment during the fire” was life threatening were more anxious at second follow-up. Overall both anxiety and depression scores increased at successive contacts, more so in those with mental ill-health recorded in physician billing records before the fire.

Discussion: The results from this study overall suggest on-going fire-related health effects in a substantial minority of firefighters, similar to those reported in the longitudinal follow-up of firefighters after the collapse of the World Trade Centre. Self-reports of both respiratory symptoms and mental ill-health were strongly related, soon after the fire, to estimated particulate exposures. Anxiety increased over time since the fire in those who felt their life or safety had been threatened, underlining the need for ongoing support. Our conclusions about the benefits of rapid research relate particularly to the collection of biomarkers of exposure as quickly and widely as possible, and the establishment of a nominal list of participants before they are too widely dispersed.
Understanding Stakeholder Synergies Through System Dynamics: Integrating Multi-Sectoral Stakeholder Narratives Into Quantitative Environmental Models
Authors: Tiller Rachel Gjelsvik , Destouni Georgia , Golumbeanu Mariana , Kalantari Zahra , Kastanidi Erasmia , Lazar Luminita , Lescot Jean-Marie , Maneas Giorgos , Martínez-López Javier , Notebaert Bastiaan , Seifollahi-Aghmiuni Samaneh , Timofte Florin , de Vente Joris , Vernier Francoise , de Kok Jean-Luc
Published: November 2021

To reach the global aspiration of 17 ambitious SDGs, local realities must be integrated. Often, models are developed based on quantitative statistical data sources from databases on environmental indicators or economics to assess how a given SDG can be achieved. This process however removes the local realities from the equation. How can you best include stakeholders in this mathematical modelling processes distanced from their local realities, though, and ensure higher probability of future compliance with top-down global decisions that may have local consequences once implemented? When researching stakeholder involvement and their ability to form public policy, their opinions often get reported as a single assessment, like counting the fish in the ocean once and stating that as a permanent result. Too seldom do stakeholders get invited back and given the opportunity to validate results and allow researchers to adjust their models based on on-the-ground validation or change requests. We tested the full integration of stakeholders in the modelling process of environmental topics in six different case areas across Europe, with each area holding six sectoral and one inter-sectoral workshops. In these workshops, the scope of the issues relevant to the stakeholders was driven by first the sectoral priorities of the given sector, followed by a merging of issues. In this process, we were able to identify what the commonalities between different sectors were and where synergies lay in terms of governance paths. These results were then returned to the stakeholders in a mixed session where they were able to come with feedback and advice on the results researchers presented, so that the models reflected more closely the perceptions of the regional actors. We present these methods and reflect on the challenges and opportunities of using this deep-integration method to integrate qualitative data from stakeholder inclusion in a quantitative model.
Robotic Milling of Electrode Lead Channels During Cochlear Implantation in an ex-vivo Model
Authors: Hermann Jan , Mueller Fabian , Schneider Daniel , O'Toole Bom Braga Gabriela , Weber Stefan
Published: November 2021

Objective: Robotic cochlear implantation is an emerging surgical technique for patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Access to the middle and inner ear is provided through a small-diameter hole created by a robotic drilling process without a mastoidectomy. Using the same image-guided robotic system, we propose an electrode lead management technique using robotic milling that replaces the standard process of stowing excess electrode lead in the mastoidectomy cavity. Before accessing the middle ear, an electrode channel is milled robotically based on intraoperative planning. The goal is to further standardize cochlear implantation, minimize the risk of iatrogenic intracochlear damage, and to create optimal conditions for a long implant life through protection from external trauma and immobilization in a slight press fit to prevent mechanical fatigue and electrode migrations.

Methods: The proposed workflow was executed on 12 ex-vivo temporal bones and evaluated for safety and efficacy. For safety, the difference between planned and resulting channels were measured postoperatively in micro-computed tomography, and the length outside the planned safety margin of 1.0 mm was determined. For efficacy, the channel width and depth were measured to assess the press fit immobilization and the protection from external trauma, respectively.

Results: All 12 cases were completed with successful electrode fixations after cochlear insertions. The milled channels stayed within the planned safety margins and the probability of their violation was lower than one in 10,000 patients. Maximal deviations in lateral and depth directions of 0.35 and 0.29 mm were measured, respectively. The channels could be milled with a width that immobilized the electrode leads. The average channel depth was 2.20 mm, while the planned channel depth was 2.30 mm. The shallowest channel depth was 1.82 mm, still deep enough to contain the full 1.30 mm diameter of the electrode used for the experiments.

Conclusion: This study proposes a robotic electrode lead management and fixation technique and verified its safety and efficacy in an ex-vivo study. The method of image-guided robotic bone removal presented here with average errors of 0.2 mm and maximal errors below 0.5 mm could be used for a variety of other otologic surgical procedures.
The modern state of the problem potential mutagenic and carcinogenic activity of food products
Authors: Abdurazakova Khadizhat Nurmagomedovna , Gitinova Patimat Shuapandievna , Abakarova Arats Magomedkhanovna
Published: November 2021

The last few decades have been characterized by increased attention on the part of scientists, international organizations and the public to the problem of reducing adverse external influences on the human body and timely detection and prevention of various diseases. Food — one of the main channels of interaction between the body and the environment-can be a source of a large number of potentially dangerous chemical and biological substances for human health. The harmful effects of foreign substances that enter the human body with food are characterized by a significant variety: from damage to individual organs, general toxic effects, to the occurrence of mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, acceleration of aging processes and violations of reproductive functions. Therefore, among the many problems of environmental protection around the world, the issues of cleanliness and quality of food products are singled out as the main areas that determine the health of the population. The analysis of the current state of the problem of contamination of food raw materials and food products with chemical contaminants, which are potential mutagens and/or carcinogens, is carried out. Much attention is paid to such genotoxicants as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, N-nitrosamines, heterocyclic amines, acrylamide and some heavy metals that have different routes of entry and formation in food raw materials, food products, the human body and animals. Determining the potential genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of food chemical contaminants is not an easy task due to the fact that food is a complex mixture of compounds that have both mutagenic and antimutagenic effects. The obvious difficulty in studying the problem of chemical contamination of food products follows from numerous contradictory studies of the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of food components.
Assessment of the impact of the quality of drinking water on the primary morbidity of children in the Altai Territory
Authors: Pashkov Artem Petrovich
Published: November 2021

The number of environmental factors that adversely affect the health of children is growing every year, their combination is different in each territory. It is the child’s body that is most sensitive to changes in environmental conditions, reacting to this with a deterioration in health. Currently, there is a tendency to study the regional characteristics of the interaction of a set of environmental factors with the child’s body. The aim of the work was to identify trends in the primary non-infectious morbidity among children in the Altai Territory, as well as to assess the possible impact of the state of drinking water on the morbidity of children in the region. In the region, an unfavorable tendency was revealed in such groups of nosologies as neoplasms, diseases of the endocrine system, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the genitourinary system, congenital anomalies, and diseases of the respiratory system. The regularity of distribution over the territory of the region of administrative-territorial formations with a high incidence rate was revealed. The analysis of associations of morbidity in children with average annual concentrations of substances polluting the atmospheric air and drinking water showed the presence of reliable correlations in areas of critical and stressful environmental quality. The results obtained indicate the need for a detailed assessment of the influence of environmental factors on the incidence rate of children in the regional aspect, the formation of a database and the development of automated programs capable of predicting the incidence rate in each specific territory. This will improve the efficiency, including the economic, of preventive measures.
ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF PAENIBACILLUS POLYMYXA, BACILLUS AMYLOLIQUEFACIENS AND THEIR LASER STIMULATION AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENS
Authors:   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Maslova M.V. , Grosheva E.V. ,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Budagovsky A.V. ,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University,   I.V. Michurin FSC, Budagovskaya O.N. ,   Michurinsk State Agrarian University,   I.V. Michurin FSC, Kameneva I.A. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, thanks to organic farming development, particular attention is paid to the biological methods of plants protection, especially from diseases. Therefore, new biological preparations creation and studying their effectiveness are promising directions. The aim of the research was to study the antagonistic activity of the bacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against some phytopathogens (Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl.), as well as their reaction to laser irradiation. The research was carried out in the Research Problem Laboratory “Biphotonika” of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University and the Department of Agricultural Microbiology of the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea in 2016–2021. The antagonistic activity of the bacteria was evaluated by the double culture method. The effectiveness of irradiation (as a result of their treatment with coherent light) was determined by the change in the number of bacterial cells in the suspension. The study of the activity of bacteria-antagonists against pathogens showed that the suppression of P. syringae, F. oxysporum, A. alternata growth in the double culture with P. polymyxa compared to the control variants was 32.5 %; 4.0 % and 77.9 %, respectively. B. amyloliquefaciens suppressed the growth of P. syringae by 25.9 %, F. oxysporum – by 49.0 %; A. alternate – by 61.1 %. An increase in the number of cells in suspensions of P. polymyxa and B. amyloliquefaciens after coherent light irradiation by 26.6 % and 36.7 %, respectively, was also found. Thus, to control P. syringae, bacterial strain of P. polymyxa P was more effective. The bacterial strain B. amyloliquefaciens 01-1 showed antagonistic activity against F. oxysporum. Both studied microorganisms were effective against A. alternata. To increase the activity of cell division of antagonist strains of phytopathogens, it is advisable to use coherent light irradiation. In future, it is advisable to test the level of antagonistic activity of the bacteria P. polymyxa and B. amyloliquefaciens after laser irradiation.
CREATION OF LINUM USITATISSIMUM INITIAL MATERIAL WITH MARKER SIGN – YELLOW-COLORED SEEDS
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Ponazhev V.P.
Published: November 2021

Creation of the initial material of fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) with marker signs is a promising direction of breeding, which determines the efficiency of breeding varieties with improved properties. The purpose of the research was to create initial flax material for obtaining seeds with a marker sign (yellow color) and increased weight. The studies were carried out at the Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops in 2015–2018. In our work, we used flax varieties ‘Smolich’, ‘Antey’, ‘C-108’, as well as forms obtained from these varieties. These varieties were used as control. Nurseries were laid under conditions of a leveled agricultural background. Seeds were sown in a square way (2.5×2.5 cm). The experiments were conducted according to the current methods, including phytopathological testing. Soil – sod-podzolic, medium loamy, cultivated. Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) in 2015 was 1.3; in 2016 – 2.2; in 2017 – 1.8; in 2018 – 1.3. During the flax plants selection, we obtained three forms with yellow-colored seeds. Yellow-seeded form No. 1 was valuable from the breeding point of view. It exceeded standard variety ‘Smolich’ in seed weight by 0.8 mg (16.0%), in seed yield – by 0.06 t/ha (9.8%). Form No. 1 belongs to the improved fiber flax line. Form No. 3 had a higher seed mass (5.6 mg) compared to standard variety ‘C-108’. In terms of seed yield and 1000-seed weight, this form exceeded the standard by 0.08 t/ha or 14.8% and 0.49 g or 10.6%, respectively. Form No. 3 is a breeding material for creating varieties of bilateral use. Form No. 2 had signs of the oil flax line. It exceeded standard variety ‘Antey’ in seed yield by 0.18 t/ha (40%); 1000-seed weight – by 0.53 g (11.2%). The created material has a breeding value. It was transferred to the bioresource collection of flax for its replenishment, to the bank of the characteristic collection and was additionally included in the breeding process.
PRODUCTIVITY OF GREEN MANURE CROPS DEPENDING ON HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Prikhodko A.V. , Cherkashyna A.V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: November 2021

Green manuring can increase biological activity of the soil, enrich it with organic matter, nutrients and improve its agrophysical and agrochemical properties. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of green manure crops species composition on the productivity of agrophytocenoses and the input of soil organic matter under various hydrothermal conditions. The studies were conducted in 2016–2019 on the experimental fields of the Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea. Soil – chernozems southern low-humus. Average daily air temperature was: in 2016 – 11.8 °С; in 2017 – 12.7 °С; in 2018 – 12.5 °С; in 2019 – 12.6 °С (average long-term values – 10.8 °С). The amount of precipitation over the years was at the level of 162, 67, 129, 108 % of the norm. The experiments were laid according to B. A. Dospekhov “Methods of field research”. Position of the variants is systematic, triple replication. Fields square – 720 m2. The research subject is green manure crops agrocenoses. The object of the research is the process of forming the productivity of green manure crops. On average, over the years of research, the highest yield of green mass was formed by sweet clover and sainfoin (29.1 and 27.1 t/ha, respectively), winter triticale (24.5 t/ha) and winter rye (25.8 t/ha). T. pratense and P. tanacetifolia were low-yielding. The largest amount of accumulated soil organic matter was detected when rye, triticale, sainfoin and sweet clover were used as green manure; it was 5.88, 5.72, 5.56 and 5.52 t/ha, respectively. We established an average correlation (at 5 % significance level) between the amount of precipitation for the period “sowing – ripeness” in 2016–2017 and the yield of green mass of green manure crops (r = 0.52), as well as dry matter yield (r = 0.59). A negative correlation of average strength was also established between the average daily temperature of the period “sowing – ripeness” in 2017–2018 and yield of green mass (r = –0.66), as well as organic matter yield (r = –0.64).
VARIETAL SPECIFICITY OF OPTO-BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYTOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF WINTER WHEAT CROPS
Authors:   Institute of the Steppe of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences – a separate unit of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Orenburg Federal Research Center” of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gulyanov Yu.A. , Nikolaev N.A. ,   Orenburg State Agrarian University, Yakovlev I.G. ,   Institute of the Steppe of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences – a separate unit of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Orenburg Federal Research Center” of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2021

Identification of varietal specificity of opto-biological properties of field crops is necessary for adequate interpretation of satellite images, rapid determination of phytometric parameters of crops, indication of the level of their development and justification of corrective technological solutions. The aim of the research was to evaluate the opto-biological properties and phytometric parameters of diverse biological varieties of winter wheat; identify their relationship and inter-variety variability in high-tech reference crops based on satellite and ground monitoring. Field studies were conducted in 2019-2020 on the site of competitive ecological variety testing laid on the experimental field of the Orenburg State Agrarian University in the zone of the southern steppes of the Orenburg Cis-Urals (Preduralye). During the study, we found that agrocenoses of different winter wheat varieties differ markedly in opto-biological properties expressed in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. Varieties ‘Grom’, ‘Don 95’, ‘Bystritsa’, ‘Spartak’, ‘Stanichnaya’ and ‘Sintetik’ were characterized by the lowest average NDVI values during the growing season (0.57-0.59). Higher NDVI values (0.67) were observed in the crops of ‘Zhemchuzhina Povolzhya’, ‘Kolos Orenburzhya’, ‘Orenburgskaya 105’, ‘Rifey’ and ‘Pionerskaya 32’ varieties. The variability between the varieties according to the lowest (0.51 – ‘Grom’, 0.52 – ‘Don 95’) and the highest (0.69 – ‘Kolos Orenburzhya’, 0.70 – ‘Pionerskaya 32’, 0.69 – ‘Orenburgskaya 105’) NDVI values during the maximum assimilation apparatus development reached 0.17-0.19 units (phase of full spring tillering). By the heading, when NDVI was 0.78–0.79 and 0.85 units, respectively, this difference somewhat leveled but, in general, remained significant – at the level of 0.08-0.11 units (10.9–14.9 %). The largest leaf area (30 thousand m2/ha) was typical for the crops of ‘Saratovskaya 17’, ‘Kolos Orenburzhya’, ‘Orenburgskaya 105’, ‘Rifey’ and ‘Pionerskaya 32’. There was no direct inter-variety relationship between the leaf area and NDVI of winter wheat crops (R 2= 0.38).
‘GVARDEETS’ – NEW SORGHUM-SUDAN HYBRID
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center, Kapustin S.I. ,   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Volodin A.B. ,   North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center, Kapustin A.S. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: November 2021

Arid conditions in Central Ciscaucasia caused a shortage of green fodder for animal husbandry. In the current circumstances, new sorghum-sudan hybrids creation and introduction into production are of great importance. The aim of the research is twofold: to assess green mass, hay and grain productivity and quality; to determine the main biomorphological characteristics and level of heterosis of the new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’. The experiments were carried out in competitive and environmental testing. In the Novgorod Oblast, the new hybrid provided 43.0 t/ha of green mass; the same indicator in the Altai FASC comprised 42.1 t/ha exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 2.6 and 0.9 t/ha, respectively. The data were obtained in a competitive test by methods of field and laboratory experiments, as well as environmental testing in various regions of Russia. On average for 2015–2020, in the conditions of the Stavropol Territory, the new hybrid provided 53.87 t/ha of green and 11.55 t/ha of dry matter exceeding standard hybrid ‘Navigator’ by 5.03 and 1.26 t/ha or 10.3 and 12.2%, respectively. ‘Gvardeets’ is a mid-ripening hybrid. The first mowing can be carried out in the booting phase or at the end of June/first half of July, the second one – in the second half of August. Furthermore, in moderately warm and humid summers, it is possible to obtain the third mowing in late September/early October. The new hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has a high rate of initial plants growth on the 30th day of vegetation (80 cm), as well as a high content of leaves in the green mass (34.7 %). The content of protein in dry matter is 11.8 %, fat – 1.9 %, fiber – 30.9%, ash – 6.3 %. One kilogram of new combination feed contains 0.67 feed units, 70 g of digestible protein, 31.9 g of sugar, 81.2 mg of carotene. The provision of one feed unit with digestible protein is 123 g. There is 8.59 MJ/kg of exchange energy, which is better than that of the standard hybrid ‘Navigator’. The stems of ‘Gvardeets’ plants have a juicy core; plants are resistant to drought, lodging, pests and diseases. The parental forms of the hybrid (‘Zersta 90C’ x ‘Sputnitsa’) are distinguished by a high combinational ability and provide a level of true heterosis of the yield of green mass in the amount of 20.81 t/ha (62.9%). The new sorghum-sudan hybrid ‘Gvardeets’ has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2021 in the North Caucasus, Lower Volga, Central Black Earth and West Siberian regions.
Sistema de gestión de la calidad y expectativas de desarrollo en docentes de una universidad privada
Authors: Hernández Castillo Ariadna , Santos Jiménez Ofelia Carmen , Ruiz Conejo Ada Gallegos , Romero Díaz Alejandra Duvina
Published: November 2021

El artículo analiza los criterios de calidad que se vienen gestionando, el objetivo fue determinar la relación entre el sistema de gestión de la calidad y las expectativas de desarrollo en docentes de una universidad privada.  La  investigación es descriptivo-correlacional, aplicativa. Muestra no probabilística conformada por 465 docentes. Para recopilar  datos se aplicó la técnica de encuesta, se utilizó dos instrumentos: escala sobre sistema de gestión de calidad (SIGECA) y escala de desarrollo docente (EXDO), validada  por  juicio   de   expertos.   Los estadísticos empleados: Rho de Spearman, Kolmogórov-Smirnov y Shapiro-Wilk. Los resultados muestran que las implicancias son discutidas en función de la realidad sociolaboral del país. Concluye que existe relación directa .781, entre sistema de gestión de calidad y expectativas de desarrollo del docente.
Competencias emocionales básicas para profesores en formación
Authors: Zambrano Mendoza Yuraima Yannine de los Ángeles
Published: November 2021

El articulo tiene tiene como finalidad determinar las competencias emocionales básicas y la relación con el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los profesores en formación en Educación Básica de la Universidad Nacional de Loja. Bajo un enfoque mixto, se aplicaron diferentes instrumentos con base en los objetivos planteados. Se realizó una integración de ambos enfoques, para ampliar la perspectiva de respuestas de docentes y de los adultos. Mediante los resultados obtenidos se identificaron elementos facilitadores y obstaculizadores del quehacer docente sobre las emociones de sus estudiantes, se logró constatar una deficiencia en el profesional en educación en cuanto al desarrollo conocimiento de la temática, la falta de estrategias aplicables a las emociones de sus estudiantes, la poca aplicación de habilidades como la empatía y la escucha. Se concluye la  pertinencia de brindar al personal docente un modelo de aprendizaje que comprende la motivación, las estrategias de aprendizaje e inteligencia emocional
Gestión organizacional de atención a la diversidad y convivencia escolar en instituciones educativas públicas
Authors: Rojas Alvarez Vicente
Published: November 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre la gestión organizacional de atención a la diversidad y la convivencia escolar en las instituciones educativas públicas de nivel de secundaria de la Selva Central. El estudio es no experimental, de nivel descriptiva; se empleó el método científico e hipotético-deductivo, con un diseño correlacional comparativo. La muestra se constituyó a parir de 480 colaboradores, de las UGELs Chanchamayo, Pichanaki, Satipo, Pangoa, Río Tambo y Río Ene Mantaro; a quienes se aplicó dos cuestionarios, que fueron sometidos a validación y confiabilidad. Los hallazgos del análisis comparativo revelan que la mayoría de encuestados por UGEL y tamaño de institución educativa perciben un nivel bueno de gestión organizacional de atención a la diversidad y un nivel favorable de convivencia escolar. Como conclusión se destaca una relación directa, fuerte (0,793) y altamente significativa (**, p < 0,01) entre la gestión organizacional de atención a la diversidad y convivencia escolar.
“Maestra Delivery” y el desarrollo de la grafomotricidad en niños, Ilave-(Perú) 2021
Authors: Maquera Maquera Yolynda , Maquera Maquera Yuselino
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar en qué medida la estrategia aprendizaje - servicio “maestra delivery” mejora el desarrollo de la grafomotricidad en niños en edad preescolar. La metodología fue cuantitativa, de tipo experimental, diseño cuasi experimental, con una población de 53 niños. Se aplicó una pre y post prueba. Los resultados se procesaron en el programa STATA16, la muestra fue una proporción considerable de 74%; con la prueba Dunnet, media aritmética  en  la  prueba   de   entrada   es   de     e=10.3 y  en  la  Prueba  de  Salida   s=16.4   de competencias desarrolladas en actividades de grafomotricidad con el test de comparación de medias a través de las escalas AD Logro destacado (20- 18), A Logro (17 -14), B Proceso (13-11) y C Inicio (10-0). Se concluyó que la estrategia delivery en tiempos de pandemia es eficiente, pues desarrolla habilidades de grafomotricidad en niños en edad preescolar, con talleres de aprendizaje.
Clima social familiar y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de las instituciones educativas de San Juan de Lurigancho, Perú
Authors: Pablo Ricra Zara Graciela , Raggio Ramírez Giuliana del Socorro , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Flores Mejía Gisella Socorro
Published: November 2021

El estudio tuvo  como  objetivo  determinar la relación entre  el  clima  social  familiar en la dimensión relación y las habilidades sociales en estudiantes de las instituciones educativas de San Juan de Lurigancho, Perú. El tipo de investigación fue una investigación básica y el diseño fue no experimental, transversal-correlacional.  Para  llevar   a cabo la investigación se empleó la técnica  de la encuesta que evalúa las dos variables estudiadas y se utilizó como instrumento un cuestionario. Para contrastar las hipótesis, se empleó la estadística no paramétrica, Rho de Spearman. Los resultados obtenidos según las pruebas de hipótesis, para la hipótesis general, el valor de error calculado entre las variables,   tiene   como   resultado (3,4207E-63) el cual es inferior al margen (0,05) por loque se puede afirmar que existe correlación. Con respecto al coeficiente de correlación  se consiguió (0,944379) por lo que se comprueba que la correlación ha sido positiva y muy alta entre las habilidades sociales  y las dimensiones del clima social familiar (relación, desarrollo y  estabilidad),  donde  se obtuvo un valor de 0,870704; 0,903853 y 0,903853 respectivamente.
Descrição do tempo de reação motora nas faixas etárias e gênero
Authors: Beatriz Oliveira Souza Sthephânia , Tomé Brendha , Márcia Magnani Rina , Martins Gervásio Flávia
Published: November 2021

Introdução. O intervalo de tempo entre um estímulo visual, audível e tátil até o início da ação motora é chamado de tempo de reação (TR), podendo ser simples ou de escolha de acordo com o número de estímulos. Objetivo. O presente trabalho visa revisar os parâmetros normativos de TR em população hígida de acordo com a faixa etária e gênero, para entender as variações decorrentes da maturação e envelhecimento cognitivo. Método. Buscou-se nas plataformas PubMed e Bireme, publicações entre 2000 e 2020, com os descritores "reaction time", "parameters", "age groups", "sex”, que apresentassem o tempo de reação em amostras saudáveis e sem alterações físico- funcionais com descrição do equipamento de coleta, com nível de evidência A; excluiu-se artigos com amostra em uso de fármacos, ou atletas. Resultados. Coletou-se 14 artigos em inglês, metodologia transversal, concentrados na área de psicologia, com TR coletado em softwares, relacionado a tarefas neurofisiológicas. Houve uma lacuna de parâmetros normativos, principalmente para crianças e adolescentes. O TR modificou-se de acordo com a idade, sendo menor na infância, adolescentes e adultos, e maior entre os idosos. A menor ativação pré-frontal justifica o atraso de resposta dos idosos. Em relação ao gênero a resposta é mais rápida entre os homens, depende do tipo de estímulo, resposta gerada no córtex, e complexidade da tarefa. Conclusão. Há menor TR em adultos jovens e maior em idosos, sendo os homens mais rápidos em comparação as mulheres e observou-se escassez de artigos e resultados homogêneos na literatura para população hígida, especialmente crianças e adolescentes e população brasileira.
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pendapatan Industri Mikro Kecil di Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019
Authors: Firmansyah Ahmad Arif , Muchlisoh Siti
Published: November 2021

Transformasi struktural di Indonesia yang lambat mengakibatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi stagnan pada angka 5,1 persen (2013-2019). Salah satu cara untuk mendorong transformasi struktural adalah dengan mengembangkan Industri Mikro Kecil (IMK). Namun, perkembangan IMK dari tahun 2017-2019 mengalami permasalahan, yaitu penurunan pendapatan IMK dan ketimpangan pendapatan IMK antarprovinsi. Provinsi dengan pendapatan IMK tinggi mengelompok di KBI terutama di Pulau Jawa. Pengelompokan ini mengindikasikan adanya keterkaitan spasial antarprovinsi. Maka dari itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keterkaitan spasial antarprovinsi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pendapatan IMK. Analisis dengan model Spatial Durbin Error (SDEM) fixed effect digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat keterkaitan spasial antarprovinsi. Kemudian, faktor-faktor yang mampu meningkatkan pendapatan IMK secara langsung adalah penggunaan internet dan penerimaan bantuan pemerintah. Disisi lain, efek dari keterkaitan spasial (spillover) penggunaan internet akan menurunkan pendapatan IMK. Efek spillover ini juga diberikan oleh error secara positif.
Perbedaan Kualitas Sekolah Unggulan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi Setelah Diberlakukannya Sistem Zonasi Studi Kasus di SMPN 1 Banyuwangi
Authors: Sinsyi Marita Mutiara , Setiadi Yaya
Published: November 2021

Setelah diberlakukannya sistem zonasi, sekolah unggulan tidak dapat lagi menyeleksi siswa yang berprestasi guna mempertahankan kualitasnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas sekolah unggulan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi setelah diberlakukannya sistem zonasi dengan analisis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan mengkonfirmasi dimensi serta indikator kualitas sekolah unggulan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi dengan CFA. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah semua guru yang sudah mengajar sejak sebelum diberlakukannya sistem zonasi dan masih aktif mengajar hingga saat ini. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu sarana dan prasarana, guru, manajemen sekolah, dan proses pembelajaran. Hasil yang diperoleh yakni hanya proses pembelajaran saja yang berbeda antara sebelum dan setelah zonasi. Dimensi guru merupakan dimensi yang paling memiliki korelasi kuat dengan kualitas sekolah unggulan SMPN 1 Banyuwangi di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.