bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endophragmiella jiulingensis sp. nov. and two new records from China
Authors: Li Hao-Hua , Zhang Kai , Yang Chun-Ling , Xia Ji-Wen , Zhang Xiu-Guo
Published: January 2018

A new species, collected on dead branches of an unidentified broadleaf tree from southern China, is described and illustrated. Endophragmiella jiulingensis is distinguished by branched conidiophores producing cylindrical, smooth, 0-septate, 6–8 × 4.5–5.3 μm
conidia. Botryomonilia scheeleae and Camposporium ramosum are newly recorded from China.
Bactrodesmiastrum domesticum sp. nov. and Conioscypha varia from indoor environments
Authors: Li De-Wei , Yang Chin S. , Jalsrai Ariunaa
Published: January 2018

Two hyphomycetes were collected from residences: a new species, Bactrodesmiastrum domesticum, with turbinate or obtriangular conidia and Conioscypha varia, reported for the first time from an indoor environment.
Russula brunneovinacea sp. nov., from northeastern China
Authors: Jiang Xu-Meng , Li Yang-Kun , Liang Jun-Feng , Wu Jian-Rong
Published: January 2018

Russula brunneovinacea is described as a new species from northeastern China. It is characterized by its deep brownish vinaceous to Etruscan red or Kaiser brown pileus with a slightly depressed center, incurved margin with striate, Naples Yellow context that dries with a greyish
tinge, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with an amyloid plage and isolated warts that are connected at base or in ridges warts but do not form a reticulum. The new species is supported by ITS phylogenetic analyses and tentatively placed in Russula subsect. Integroidinae
based on morphological analyses.
Colpoma guadueticola sp. nov. in a guadual forest from Quindio Department, Colombia
Authors: Raymundo Tania , Soto-Agudelo Ricardo , Valenzuela Ricardo
Published: January 2018

Colpoma guadueticola is described as a new species growing on fallen culms of Guadua angustifolia from Colombia. The specimens were collected in a guadual forest from the Natural Reserve 'La Montaña del Ocaso', municipality of Quimbaya, Quindio Department, Colombia.
A key to the species of Colpoma is presented.
A contribution to the study of Helotiales and Rhytismatales in Turkey
Authors: Erdoğdu Makbule , Doğan Gökhan , Hüseyin Elşad , Suludere Zekiye
Published: January 2018

Naemacyclus fimbriatus, Lophodermium juniperinum, and Marssonina daphnes have recently been discovered in Turkey. This is the first record of Naemacyclus from Turkey. Morphological data obtained by light and scanning electron microscopy of these fungi are
presented.
New records of Amanita from Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, México
Authors: Pérez-Silva Evangelina , Medina-Ortíz Abraham J.
Published: January 2018

Specimens of Amanita caesarea, A. flavoconia, A. flavorubescens, A. fulva, A. onusta, A. pantherina, A. rubescens, A. vaginata, and A. verna are described as new records from Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve.
There were no records of mycetism produced by the consumption of those species in the reserve.
Three new combinations in Drepanopeziza for species on poplar
Authors: Rossman Amy Y. , Allen W. Cavan , Castlebury Lisa A. , Verkley Gerard
Published: January 2018

—Three species of Drepanopeziza that cause diseases of poplars have been known under different scientific names for their sexual and asexual morphs, which is no longer allowed with the change to one scientific name for fungi. For each of these species, the oldest epithet
is provided by the asexual morph; however, neither of the generic names available for the asexual morphs can be used for these species. As a consequence new combinations for the three species are required and can be accomplished by applying the oldest asexual morph epithet in the genus
Drepanopeziza. The following new combinations are made: Drepanopeziza brunnea, D. castagnei, and D. populi.
Book reviews and notices
Authors: Norvell Lorelei L. , Vellinga Else
Published: January 2018

Books reviewed include: Basidiomycetes—Agaricus of North America (Kerrigan 2016), Hebeloma (Fr.) P. Kumm. (Beker et al. 2016); Lichens—Lichens of Mexico (Herrera-Campos et al. 2016).
Impact of the bird-manure caused eutrophication on the abundance and diversity of chironomid larvae (Diptera; Chironomidae) in lakes of the Bolshoy Aynov Island (Russia, Barents Sea)
Authors: Baranov Viktor , Nekhaev Ivan
Published: January 2018

We report on the perceived impact of bird faeces as an agent of organic matter transfer on the density and species richness of the Chironomidae in the lakes of the Bolshoy Aynov island (Barents Sea, Northern Russia). In total we recorded 15 species of Chironomidae. Highest species richness and specimen numbers were recorded in Lake Severnoe, closest to the large bird colony.
MODELOS LINEALES GENERALES Y MIXTOS EN LA CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA VARIABLE CALIFICACIÓN, INGENIERÍA AGROINDUSTRIAL, UNI-NORTE
Authors: Dicovskiy Riobóo L. M. , Pedroza Pacheco M. E.
Published: January 2018

Los modelos mixtos son una propuesta de modelación estadística avanzada, que permiten mejorar la calidad del análisis de los factores fijos y factores aleatorios, modelando la variabilidad aleatoria y la correlación de los errores, siendo muy útiles en el análisis de datos desbalanceado, datos con pseudoréplicas, o datos con algún tipo de estructura jerárquica o de agrupación. En esta investigación, con el software InfoStat se realizó una aplicación de los modelos generales y mixtos, sobre la variable “Calificación de los estudiantes Aprobados”, de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, con datos de 11 años. Se respondió preguntas estadísticas sobre el comportamiento del rendimiento académico, en función del Año académico y del Género de los estudiantes. Al modelar el Año Académico, el Género y la interacción como factores fijos, en relación con la nota de los estudiantes aprobados, se determinó que la inclusión de los factores aleatorios: Estudiante y Docente, mejoraron los: AIC, BIC del modelo, la normalidad y homocedasticidad de los residuos, mejorándose así la calidad del análisis estadístico. El modelo con factores mixtos, encontró diferencias significativas en las notas de los estudiantes aprobados por los factores: “Año Académico” y “Género”. Sin embargo, no se determinó efecto de interacción entre ambos factores.
DISEÑO DE PLANTA PILOTO PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE PLATA GRANALLA UTILIZANDO UN SISTEMA DE ELECTRODEPOSICIÓN CILÍNDRICO CERRADO (Artículo profesional)
Authors: Zevallos Vargas A.A. , Sánchez Vargas L.R. , Aguilar Franco J.A.
Published: January 2018

Las empresas mineras artesanales se caracterizan por un deficiente diseño de planta para la implementación de procesos actuales y/o alternativos de obtención de minerales; por ello se diseñó e implementó una planta piloto para la obtención de plata granalla mediante un sistema eco amigable de electrodeposición. El prototipo de planta se encuentra dividido en cuatro secciones: la primera, Preparación de Mineral, corresponde la unidad de chancado y la unidad de molienda del mineral; la segunda, sección de Lixiviación y Filtración, comprende las unidades de preparación de solución, lixiviación y unidades de filtración; la tercera sección Electrodeposición, comprende una unidad de electrodeposición; y por último la sección de Fundición que contiene la unidad de secado de cátodos y la unidad de fundición. Dado el proceso alternativo a implementar, es que del proceso de obtención se obtienen relaves que serán aprovechados para la producción de fertilizante.
An Investigation of Music Teacher Candidates’ Performance Anxiety Levels in Piano Examinations
Authors: Kilic Deniz Beste Cevik
Published: January 2018

Examination anxiety in piano education, one of the important courses in music education, can negatively affect both success in examinations and the education of students. This study aimed to determine the anxiety levels of students in the music education departments of universities in western Turkey regarding their piano examinations and their significance according to different variables. The study sample consisted of 174 female and 107 male students. The study found the students’ performance anxiety levels related to piano examinations to be moderate. There were no statistically significant differences in their anxiety levels by gender or age. Students with their own pianos were less likely to have performance concerns regarding piano examinations than those without. It was also found that the students’ year of study had a significant effect on their performance anxiety levels in piano examinations.
Comportamento de Consumo de Moda: Motivações e Atributos no Descarte de Roupas Usadas
Authors: Calíope Thalita Silva , Paris Ilze Eneida , Leocádio Áurio Lúcio
Published: January 2018

O ciclo de vida das roupas torna-se mais curto à medida que surgem novas tendências a preços mais baixos, podendo ocasionar o aumento do consumo e, consequentemente, de peças descartadas com mais facilidade. A escolha dos meios de descarte - vender, doar, customizar e jogar no lixo - depende de atributos e motivações. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é identificar as motivações e os atributos que influenciam no descarte de roupas. Foram aplicados questionários on-line com 257 respondentes, sendo as respostas analisadas por meio de teste de médias e ANACOR. Encontrou-se que a motivação socioambiental está associada ao descarte de roupas
CONCESSÃO DE AEROPORTOS NO BRASIL: A TRANSFERÊNCIA DA GESTÃO DO AEROPORTO DE CONFINS PARA A INICIATIVA PRIVADA
Authors: Davanzo de Paiva Izabela , Ribeiro Wesllay Carlos
Published: January 2018

Esse artigo estuda o processo de transferência da gestão do Aeroporto Internacional Tancredo Neves- Confins do poder público para a iniciativa privada por meio da concessão. O edital do leilão e o contrato de concessão do Aeroporto de Confins foram os principais documentos estudados. Discute-se principalmente os pontos dessa concessão que destoam do regime de concessão previsto na legislação brasileira. Destaca-se que o alto valor de outorga no leilão é oposto à modicidade de tarifas, transformando a concessão em forma de o Estado arrecadar divisas e exigindo que o parceiro privado faça investimentos no setor aéreo como um todo. Outro ponto é a participação da Infraero, com 49% do capital social da concessionária, que cria um novo modelo de concessão, um híbrido que faz com que a União despenda e arrecade recursos de maneira concomitante. Com esse estudo pode-se concluir que a concessão do Aeroporto de Confins possui diversos aspectos controversos que deveriam ser profundamente discutidos pela academia e sociedade.
Univerzitní basketbal v kontextu globalizace sportu
Authors: Sekot Aleš , Pětivlas Tomáš
Published: January 2018

The most important feature of contemporary top performance sport, as well as sport in general, is globalization. Its natural reflection, the system of global-sport labor migration exists; consequences are not only for the sport workers themselves but also for the host a donor nations, sport leagues and teams, and for the sport itself. For each there are positive effects and benefits, but there are also disappointments and drawbacks as well. A core question in ascertaining the reach and response of globalization in sport from the perspective of basketball is that of sport migration: The best basketball players in the world go to play in the United States NBA. Teams bring in immigrant athletes to gain a competitive edge over their competition who are almost exclusively relying on national, or home grown talent. One of the exclusive chance for European players to be part of such attractive system of sport carrer is to study at some US university and play in basketball team organized by National Collegiate Athletic Association. Such excellent oportunity are just taken advantage also for two young basketball players from Brno, passing strictly demanding selection for the chance to be part amateur top basketball league NCAA and study at American universities, too.
Dlouhodobé sledování úrovně výkonnostních předpokladů vybraných tenistů
Authors: Polách Michal , Zháněl Jiří , Hubáček Ondřej
Published: January 2018

Monitoring the level of individual factors or performance predispositions is an essential part of athlete´s training process. The article discusses the results of the diagnostic performance predispositions research of the selected group of tennis players. In the research, we first made a selection of players according to the criterion of the frequency of participation in testing and the other criterion was the performance level, ranking, they reached. In the next phase, we analyzed the individual test results of the players in the long-term perspective. The final step was to assess the relationship between age, the results of the test battery and game performance. Due to the small number of measurements and the complexity of sport performance in tennis we did not expect very tight dependence (correlation) of individual variables. We came to the conclusion that by all observed players a high level of motor performance predisposition were recorded which corresponds with their high performance in tennis and ranking, although statistical dependence was not proven.
Vliv SM-systému cvičení na úroveň posturální stability
Authors: Struhár Ivan , Dovrtělová Lenka
Published: January 2018

The main aim of this study was to find out if exercise with elastic cord improved postural stability in a experimental group. Postural stability was measured by electronic balancing board with variable radius and integrated feedback. The exercise regimen was undertaken twice a week for 3 months. All participants were measured at the beginning of the study and then after 3 months. Participants had to stand on the electronic balance board during 30 seconds with open eyes and kept the board balanced using feedback from the screen. The results were expressed by number from 0 to 100. Twenty-nine elite gymnasts volunteered for this study. Participants did not report any neuromusculoskeletal injuries or other diseases that may affect balance performance. Before participating in the study, all parents of gymnasts read and signed the informed consent form. The participants were assigned to a control group (15 girls; mean age = 13.78±1.62 years; mean height = 1.57±0.09 m; mean mass = 46.16±8.71 kg) and experimental group (14 girls; mean age =14.1±2.0 years; mean height =1.56±0.08 m; mean mass = 45.6±10.55 kg). The total number of time spending in training was 18 hours per week. Experimental group performed 2 hours plus of exercise with elastic cord. One of the aims of the study was to decide if the differences between pre-test and post-test in experimental group will occur. The paired samples t-test was used (p=0.006578; the significance level 95%). The intervention programme with elastic cord improved postural stability in a group of elite gymnasts.
Výskyt vadného držení těla, nadváhy a obezity u dětí mladšího školního věku: pilotní studie
Authors: Miklánková Ludmila , Štěpaníková Marie
Published: January 2018

The aim of our work was to chart and analyse the occurrence of primary school children defective body posture and its connection with obesity. The research sample was made of 204 primary school children (109 girls and 95 boys) of average age 8,1 ± 0,33 years (girls 8,3 ± 0,38, boys 7,9 ± 0,32). The probands average height was 134 ± 10,7 cm (girls 134,5 ± 11,6 cm, boys 134,1 ± 9,6 cm). The probands average weight was 31,1 ± 9,2 kg (girls 31,2 ± 9,8 kg, boys 31,1 ± 8,7 kg). The body height was measured with anthropometer, the body weight was weigh with Tanita BC571. The probands monitoring of body posture was charted by a diagnostic system DTP-3. A device analyses a body posture by a non-invasive method. We have investigated that 10 girls are obese, 9 girls have excessive weight, 15 girls are robust, 47 are proportional, 24 slim and 4 girls are thin. From research group are 9 boys obese, 9 boys have excessive weight, 11 boys are robust, 49 boys are proportional, 14 boys are slim and 3 boys are thin. From the results it is evident that in the area of a neck lordosis none of the probands is in a norm. From all the sample, 13 probands have a moderate deviation (6,4 %), 24 a substantial deviation (11,8 %) and 167 probands have a very substantial deviation (81,9 %). In the area of a loins lordosis there are 24 probands in a norm (11,8 %), 75 have a moderate deviation (36,8 %), 19 probands have a substantial deviation (9,3 %) and 86 probands have a very substantial deviation (42,2 %). In the area of a pectoral kyphosis there are 27 probands in a norm (13,2 %), 56 probands have a moderate deviation (27,5 %), 58 probands have a substantial deviation (28,4 %) and 63 probands have a very substantial deviation from the norm (30,9 %). From all the results it is obvio us that 18 % of girls and 19 % of boys are in the group of fat or obese children and that in the sample of primary school children there are very clear deviations from a good body posture. This fact was found out without any reference to their weight. A significant relation between the norm of body posture and BMI was found just in the area of neck lordosis (p ≤ 0,002).
Změny parametrů tělesného složení po akutním zatížení
Authors: Šeflová Iva , Jandová Soňa , Kosová Eliška , Hanušová Barbora , Mrázková Kristýna
Published: January 2018

For the correct designation of a body composition parametres by the bioimpedance methods it is important to keep all range of conditions relating to measured individuals. The often mentioned restriction is also the interval of measuring from the acute physical load for at least 8 hours. The goal of our study is to find out the amount of changes at the parameters of the body composition by the bioimpedance method before and during the process of recovery and to specify the necessary time distance between measuring and the load. Methods 45 people took part in our. For the designation of a body composition we used the device BIA 2000-M. We measured the values of the body composition right before the load test, instantly within 5 minutes after it and finally in 60th minute after the test. Tested individuals underwent the load test VO2max at the treadmill ergometer. While measuring of a body composition by the bioimpedance methods 60 minutes after the tredmill ergometer load test there werent any statistically or factually significant changes at any of the values of the body composition and so it is possible to undergo this measuring without distortion of results, e. g. by the influence of loss or redistribution of fluids as a reaction changes to the load. While measuring of parameters of body composition right after the load there were noticed significant changes on more parameters especially on resistance on 50 kHz. Despite the fact that this value comes subsequently to the prediction equation for calculating of % body fat there werent noticed any significant changes on the variable of % body fat. The outcome of our study didnt prove the necessary minimal 8 hours gap between measuring and VO2max load test.
Didaktické řídicí styly ve výuce tělesné výchovy na 2. stupni základní školy: postoje a zkušenosti učitelů
Authors: Sliacky Jiří
Published: January 2018

The paper brings the results of the second part of the research of the use of teaching styles in Physical Education lessons at the lower-secondary schools, whose objective is to analyze the attitude of the selected teachers to different teaching styles in the context of the priorities the Physical Education and their own experience of teaching. The purpose of this research is to place the results of the investigation, describing what the teaching styles are used in teaching, in the broader context teachers thinking. The data collection method for the analysis was a structured interview, which consisted of two main parts. The first debate on the priorities and objectives of Physical Education, really used of teaching styles and experiences with these styles. The second part consisted of an analysis of specific teaching situation from the video, captured for the first part of the research, focusing on the didactic grasp of subject matter. The results of interviews showed that although none of the interviewed teachers teaching styles as didactic theory doesn’t know, yet with some of the principles of this theory can intuitively operate and be aware of their benefit.
Porovnání závodní rychlosti plaveckého způsobu kraul a rychlosti dosažené během intervalů bez vlivu startu a obrátek
Authors: Šťastný Jan
Published: January 2018

The race at 50 meters in freestyle swimming technique can be divided into four main phases -start, swimming at the surface, turn, and finish. With the usage of our measuring system called Tachograph, we mainly analyse the speed of swimming at the surface. Measuring principle does not allow accurate measurement of the speed after starts and turns, for that reason we evaluate the particular sections without the influence of the start and finish. We focused on the evaluation of the ratio of the measured mean swimming speed measured by the system Tachograph with the results of the current best racing performance from the 50 metre distance. For comparison we have processed the results of swimmers who participated in the semi-finals of 2010 European Championship. Our goal was to establish which results of the swimmers measured by Tachograph are at a sufficient level. The objective of the work has been accomplished with the help of statistical methods. Furthermore, we have ascertained that our recorded results differ from the results of elite swimmers whose results have been gained from the evaluation of the sections of swimming at the European Championship. We assume that the race results of our measured swimmers will differ as well. The error may be caused not only by the lack of motivation of the swimmers but also due to the constraints that our measurement system causes.
Tvorba a struktura elektronického nástroje Videoweb tělesné výchovy
Authors: Valkounová Eva
Published: January 2018

Our paper describes creation and structure of electronic and research tool called Videoweb Physical Education (Videoweb PE – in Czech Videoweb TV), which is based on the videorecordings analysis. Videoweb PE is used to identify and to develop diagnostic competence of future physical education teachers in secondary education. This paper is also concerned with the evaluation research survey focused on feedback from students of the Faculty of Sports Studies (FSpS MU), who had the opportunity to work with Videoweb PE. During the evaluation research, we found out that students rated Videoweb PE as a very useful teaching study material. Based on the data obtained from the results of the evaluation survey there were outlined recommendations on the basis of which it is possible to optimize the Videoweb PE for its future use.
Závislost hypermobility na výskytu lehkých mozečkových dysfunkcí u závodnic v moderní gymnastice
Authors: Kapounková Kateřina , Struhár Ivan , Kopřivová Jitka
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to ascertain information upon the occurrence of hypermobility as well as the symptoms of light brain dysfunction in rhythmic gymnasts and to prove their relationship. The research sample consisted of 78 girls from rhythmic gymnastics teams from the Czech Republic with average age 12,81 ± 2,47. The study used deliberate selection on the basis of chosen criteria: women, age 10 – 18 years, at least 5 let of specialised training in rhythmic gymnastics, week load at least 10 hours. The diagnostics of hypermobility used the method of measuring joint range with the aid of goniometer. The range of the movement of hip joint was measured and Janda test. The diagnostics of mild brain dysfunction diagnostics used orientation brain tests. It is the test of tax, which is aimed upon the proper aiming of movement, test of diadochokinesis, which is aimed at the ability to perform alternating movements, and the test of stability using Romberg pose on a balance platform with open eyes. The results of the goniometric measurement showed a significant flexibility of the gymnasts, mainly in the area of their hip joint (flexe right hip joint 161,09 °; ± 14,78 and flexe left hip joint 158,54 ° ± 14,05). When diagnosing mild brain dysfunction using tax, in both the upper and the lower extremities, no pathology was ascertained, on the contrary, however dysdiadochokinesis was found in 7 gymnasts. The results of the Romberg pose on the balance platform were mildly above the norm (compared with general population), nonetheless, the 7 people with dysdiadochokinesis showed results under the values of the general population. The people with dysdiadochokinesis, also showed worse results in the Romberg pose on the balance platform, as well as the symptoms of hypermobility, which where proved by goniometric examination.
Hodnotenie rýchlostno-silových schopností profesionálnych hokejistov v trojročnom časovom intervale
Authors: Kokinda Marek , Jesenský Martin , Turek Milan
Published: January 2018

Speed and strength may be referred to as a factor determining success in ice hockey. These abilities are developed mainly during the summer preparatory period. Upon its completion players underwent testing aimed to determine body composition, strength and anaerobic alactic abilities by performing the Wingate test. The reference sample consisted of 11 senior category ice hockey players playing for the hockey teams in NHL, KHL, and Czech and Slovak national leagues. The evaluation of changes in speed and strength between 2013 and 2015 showed gains in lower-body explosive power after a one- -year period. Compared to players playing for hockey clubs abroad, Slovak players achieved higher level of explosive power and jump height as indicated by performances in lower-body explosive power test performed both with and without countermovement. Statistical analysis showed that power increases during the initial five-second interval at lower pedaling rate on the bicycle ergometer.
Aktuální stav poznání o pohybové aktivitě rozhodčích futsalu
Authors: Kresta Jan
Published: January 2018

This review study is aimed to the empirical results maps current knowledge about physical activity futsal referees in the match. Results: referee movement is intermittent character; distance, which exceeds the referee in the match locomotion is in the range of 4.5 to 5.9km; locomotion dominating physical activity is a forward locomotion (about 45 % of the time the game); referee changes the kind of locomotion on average every 3.5 seconds; the total number of acyclic physical activities amounts to an average of 5 for 1 min game time; average heart rate referees in the game is in the range of 75–81 % of their maximum heart rate; disproportion is in determining the dominant intensity level in which the referees spend most of their time during the match; blood lactate values after the match were 1.5–1.8 mmol.l–1.
Modifikace herních aktivit mezi zdravotně handicapovanými
Authors: Křiček Jan
Published: January 2018

Gaming activities are a popular zone, with wide application range. Those activities also occupy a significant position among the physical activity of disabilities. Application game activities demands in this special zone, a link to the health defect of the people, a range of didactic adaptations and modifications, especially of rules. Modification is monitored by utilization the full potential of games and their availability influence the attitudes of these people for active sport and the creation of a positive climate, assumptions as contributing to the quality of their lives.
Síla pletence ramenního a flexorů prstů v predikci lezeckého výkonu žen
Authors: Kodejška Jan , Baláš Jiří
Published: January 2018

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between the rock climbing performance and the strength of finger flexors and shoulder girdle muscles in female rock climbers. Methods. Twenty one female climbers completed six specific climbing tests focused on finger flexor and shoulder girdle muscles strength: finger hang, maximal strength in open crimp, bent arm hang on one arm, bent arm hang on two arms, diagonal reach, power slap. Relationship to the climbing performance RP (Red point) was assessed by a coefficient of determination. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relative contribution of tests’ strength in the model. Results. Diagonal reach (R2 = 0.76), power slap (0.74) and finger hang (0.72) explained the greatest part of climber’s performance variability. The test diagonal reach showed high consistency (intra-class correlation coefficient, left 0.98; right 0.97). The greatest relative strength in the regression linear model had power slap. Conclusion. This study introduced a new specific climbing test diagonal reach. It was found that this test has a high reliability and criterion validity and is to assess static shoulder girdle strength in rock climbers. It was shown that shoulder girdle strength is an important factor to achieve high performance in female rock climbers.
Komparácia vybraných rýchlostných schopností juniorov z hľadiska hráčskych postov v ľadovom hokeji
Authors: Paľov Rastislav
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to compare the current level of the selected speed abilities of juniors hockey players between defenders and forwards (n = 20, height = 182.3 ± 4.9cm, weight = 81.5 ± 6.7 kg, age = 18.44 ± .70 years; defenders = 8, height = 184.0 ± 3.8 cm, weight = 84.2 ± 6.5 kg, age = 18.60 years ± .59; attackers = 12, height = 181.2 ± 5.4 cm, weight = 79.6 ± 6.7 kg, age = 18.33 ± .77 years) in a competitive year 2014/2015. The indicators of selected speed abilities were observed by two tests: 1. Run to 40m with changes of direction and agility 2. Test – Illinois. Statistical analysis was conducted by using the software IBM® SPSS® Statistics V19. The average value of the test run to 40m with changes of the direction of the whole file was 8.52 ± .22 s, among defenders was 8.34 ± .10 s, among forwards 8.64 ± .19 s, which is a statistically significant difference between defenders and forwards (d = 1.97; p < 0.05; r = 0.70 – large effect) in favour of the defenders. In the agility test – Illinois, the average value of the whole file was 16.58 ± .33 s. For the defenders, the average finish time indicated of the value 16.32 ± .23 s and for forwards 16.75 ± .27 s, which again is statistically significant difference in favour of the defenders (d = 1.71; p < 0.05; r = 0.65 – large effect).
A revision and one new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae, Cucurbitales) in Northeast India
Authors: Camfield Rebecca , Hughes Mark
Published: January 2018

Following a taxonomic revision of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae, Cucurbitales) from Northeast India based on 332 herbarium specimens, 38 species are confirmed to occur in the region, of which ten are endemic. One new species is described, Begonia koelzii R.Camfield sp. nov., in B. sect. Platycentrum (Klotzsch) A.DC. One species is reduced into synonymy; B. barbata Wall. is now a synonym of B. thomsonii A.DC. Three species, B. difformis (Irmsch.) W.C.Leong, C.I Peng & K.F.Chung, B. labordei H.Lév. and B. handelii Irmsch., are reported new for India, and B. lushaiensis C.E.C.Fisch. is reinstated as an accepted species, having previously been synonymised under B. modestiflora Kurz. A key to the species in the region and preliminary conservation assessments are presented.
Análise de metodologias de ACV empregadas na avaliação ambiental de estações de tratamento de efluentes
Authors: Rau Karlan , Cherubini Edivan , Soares Sebastião Roberto , Filho Paulo Belli , Costa Rejane Helena Ribeiro da
Published: January 2018

Efluentes domésticos estão dentro dos poluentes lançados na natureza que causam uma depleção significativa do oxigênio dos cursos d’agua e também contribuem nos impactos regionais como globais. A avaliação do ciclo de vida (ACV) é uma poderosa metodologia utilizada para avaliar o desempenho ambiental de produtos e serviços e tem-se aplicado para analisar os impactos potenciais os sistemas de tratamento de águas residuais. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a aplicação da ACV na avaliação dos sistemas de tratamentos de águas residuais. Os resultados mostraram um interesse crescente no uso da ACV, juntamente com outras análises como os custos de operação, construção e recuperação de energia para o processo de tomada de decisão. Esta avaliação integrativa dos sistemas de tratamento de águas residuais permite obter um perfil mais confiável das tecnologias. No entanto, pode ser notado que devem ser colocados mais atenção para descrever melhor as decisões tomadas durante o estudo da ACV Definições relevantes durante a fase de objetivo e escopo de uma ACV, por exemplo, unidade funcional, e as fontes de dados na fase de inventário estavam faltando em alguns dos trabalhos analisados nesta revisão bibliográfica. Essas informações são essenciais para assegurar a transparência do estudo ACV bem como aumentar confiabilidade dos resultados.
Políticas indígenas e gestão territorial para o bem viver no Rio Negro (AM)
Authors: Cruz Jocilene Gomes , Pereira Henrique dos Santos
Published: January 2018

A análise centra-se na organização político-cultural do movimento indígena do rio Negro visando consolidar uma política indígena de gestão para a sustentabilidade e o bem viver nos seus territórios. Na coleta de dados utilizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e narrativas, e a observação participante nas assembleias indígenas. A análise dos dados deu-se mediante a codificação e categorização das informações, seguida da análise descritiva, teórica e interpretativa. Os resultados evidenciam que a proposta de gestão territorial do movimento indígena caracteriza-se pelo diálogo entre saberes indígenas e não indígenas, e parcerias firmadas com agentes sociais e instituições para além das fronteiras nacionais. No processo, reafirmam a identidade étnica e ressignificam o que está na região e que - a despeito de não ser indígena, em virtude da colonização, passou a fazer parte da vida dos povos indígenas, a exemplo, as demandas por escolarização, bens tecnológicos, dentre outros que coexistem com as práticas indígenas tradicionais.
Morphology and structure ofHomo erectushumeri from Zhoukoudian, Locality 1
Authors: Xing Song , Carlson Kristian J. , Wei Pianpian , He Jianing , Liu Wu
Published: January 2018

Background

Regional diversity in the morphology of theH. erectuspostcranium is not broadly documented, in part, because of the paucity of Asian sites preserving postcranial fossils. Yet, such an understanding of the initial hominin taxon to spread throughout multiple regions of the world is fundamental to documenting the adaptive responses to selective forces operating during this period of human evolution.

Methods

The current study reports the first humeral rigidity and strength properties of East AsianH. erectusand places its diaphyseal robusticity into broader regional and temporal contexts. We estimate true cross-sectional properties of Zhoukoudian Humerus II and quantify new diaphyseal properties of Humerus III using high resolution computed tomography. Comparative data for AfricanH. erectusand Eurasian Late PleistoceneH. sapienswere assembled, and new data were generated from two modern Chinese populations.

Results

Differences between East Asian and AfricanH. erectuswere inconsistently expressed in humeral cortical thickness. In contrast, East AsianH. erectusappears to exhibit greater humeral robusticity compared to AfricanH. erectuswhen standardizing diaphyseal properties by the product of estimated body mass and humeral length. East AsianH. erectushumeri typically differed less in standardized properties from those of side-matched Late Pleistocene hominins (e.g., Neanderthals and more recent Upper Paleolithic modern humans) than did AfricanH. erectus, and often fell in the lower range of Late Pleistocene humeral rigidity or strength properties.

Discussion

Quantitative comparisons indicate that regional variability in humeral midshaft robusticity may characterizeH. erectusto a greater extent than presently recognized. This may suggest a temporal difference withinH. erectus, or possibly different ecogeographical trends and/or upper limb loading patterns across the taxon. Both discovery and analysis of more adultH. erectushumeri are critical to further evaluating and potentially distinguishing between these possibilities.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy With Medial Segment Artery Mimicking Cystic Artery
Authors: Okui Norimitsu , Futagawa Yasuro , Shiba Hiroaki , Ishida Yuichi , Yanaga Katsuhiko
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis. However, LC is associated with a slightly higher rate of complications than laparotomy. To perform a safe LC, it is important to exercise caution regarding an abnormal course for the hepatic artery, although the incidence itself is low. Here, we report a rare case of LC in which the medial segment artery mimicked cystic artery. To the best of our knowledge, such a case has not yet been reported.

Case Presentation

A 35-year-old man visited our hospital with a complaint of epigastric pain. The symptom had continued for 2 months. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed cholelithiasis. Magnetic resonance imaging did not show any biliary abnormalities. The patient was scheduled for an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. At the time of surgery, the gallbladder was slightly inflamed. After dissection of the Calot triangle, the cystic duct and a single large artery were identified. Although the critical view of safety was confirmed at first glance, dissection of periarterial adhesions revealed that the artery ran into the medial segment of the liver. Further dissection revealed short double cystic arteries branching from the aberrant artery. After the confirmation of the abnormal course of the arteries, the operation was performed safely without arterial injury. The patient made a satisfactory recovery and was discharged 3 days after operation.

Conclusion

The knowledge of the anatomy of the cystic artery and careful dissection are an important aspect in achieving a complication-free LC.
Coupling End‐Member Mixing Analysis and Isotope Mass Balancing (222‐Rn) for Differentiation of Fresh and Recirculated Submarine Groundwater Discharge Into Knysna Estuary, South Africa
Authors: Petermann E. , Knöller K. , Rocha C. , Scholten J. , Stollberg R. , Weiß H. , Schubert M.
Published: January 2018

Quantification of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is essential for evaluating the vulnerability of coastal water bodies to groundwater pollution and for understanding water body material cycles response due to potential discharge of nutrients, organic compounds, or heavy metals. Here we present an environmental tracer‐based methodology for quantifying SGD into Knysna Estuary, South Africa. Both components of SGD, (1) fresh, terrestrial (FSGD) and (2) saline, recirculated (RSGD), were differentiated. We conducted an end‐member mixing analysis for radon (222Rn) and salinity time series of estuary water over two tidal cycles to determine fractions of seawater, riverwater, FSGD, and RSGD. The mixing analysis was treated as a constrained optimization problem for finding the end‐member mixing ratio that is producing the best fit to observations at every time step. Results revealed highest FSGD and RSGD fractions in the estuary during peak low tide. Over a 24 h time series, the portions of FSGD and RSGD in the estuary water were 0.2% and 0.8% near the estuary mouth and the FSGD/RSGD ratio was 1:3.3. We determined a median FSGD of 41,000 m³ d−1 (1.4 m³ d−1 per m shoreline) and a median RSGD of 135,000 m³ d−1 (4.5 m³ d−1 per m shoreline) which suggests that SGD exceeds river discharge by a factor of 1.0–2.1. By comparison to other sources, this implies that SGD is responsible for 28–73% of total DIN fluxes into Knysna Estuary.
Extreme Low Light Requirement for Algae Growth Underneath Sea Ice: A Case Study From Station Nord, NE Greenland
Authors: Hancke Kasper , Lund‐Hansen Lars C. , Lamare Maxim L. , Højlund Pedersen Stine , King Martin D. , Andersen Per , Sorrell Brian K.
Published: January 2018

Microalgae colonizing the underside of sea ice in spring are a key component of the Arctic foodweb as they drive early primary production and transport of carbon from the atmosphere to the ocean interior. Onset of the spring bloom of ice algae is typically limited by the availability of light, and the current consensus is that a few tens‐of‐centimeters of snow is enough to prevent sufficient solar radiation to reach underneath the sea ice. We challenge this consensus, and investigated the onset and the light requirement of an ice algae spring bloom, and the importance of snow optical properties for light penetration. Colonization by ice algae began in May under >1 m of first‐year sea ice with ∼1 m thick snow cover on top, in NE Greenland. The initial growth of ice algae began at extremely low irradiance (<0.17 μmol photons m−2 s−1) and was documented as an increase in Chlorophyll a concentration, an increase in algal cell number, and a viable photosynthetic activity. Snow thickness changed little during May (from 110 to 91 cm), however the snow temperature increased steadily, as observed from automated high‐frequency temperature profiles. We propose that changes in snow optical properties, caused by temperature‐driven snow metamorphosis, was the primary driver for allowing sufficient light to penetrate through the thick snow and initiate algae growth below the sea ice. This was supported by radiative‐transfer modeling of light attenuation. Implications are an earlier productivity by ice algae in Arctic sea ice than recognized previously.
Contribution of Surface Thermal Forcing to Mixing in the Ocean
Authors: Wang Fei , Huang Shi‐Di , Xia Ke‐Qing
Published: January 2018

A critical ingredient of the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is vertical mixing, which causes dense waters in the deep sea to rise throughout the stratified interior to the upper ocean. Here, we report a laboratory study aimed at understanding the contributions from surface thermal forcing (STF) to this mixing process. Our study reveals that the ratio of the thermocline thickness to the fluid depth largely determines the mixing rate and the mixing efficiency in an overturning flow driven by STF. By applying this finding to a hypothetical MOC driven purely by STF, we obtain a mixing rate of O(
) and a corresponding meridional heat flux of O(
petawatt, PW), which are far smaller than the values found for real oceans. These results provide quantitative support for the notion that STF alone is not sufficient to drive the MOC, which essentially acts as a heat conveyor belt powered by other energy sources.
The Impact of High‐Frequency Weather Systems on SST and Surface Mixed Layer in the Central Arabian Sea
Authors: Zhou Shenjie , Zhai Xiaoming , Renfrew Ian A.
Published: January 2018

The role of high‐frequency (subdaily time scales) weather systems in modulating the sea surface temperature (SST) and the mixed layer (ML) depth in the central Arabian Sea is investigated using one‐dimensional mixed‐layer models for different monsoon seasons. Simulations forced by subhourly sampled meteorological variables, including surface wind, air temperature, humidity, and cloud, are compared to simulations forced by daily‐averaged meteorological variables. It is found that including high‐frequency signals in the meteorological variables lowers the daily‐mean SST (by 0.8°C on average) and damps its variability (the standard deviation decreases by 1.0°C) but has little systematic effect on the SST diurnal variability. There is a small but consistent deepening of the ML depth associated with the slightly intensified wind stress and heat loss due to high‐frequency weather systems at this site. The cooling effect on the daily‐mean SST is found to be closely related to the ML depth on daily‐to‐seasonal time scales. The impact of high‐frequency weather systems is primarily driven by the high‐frequency wind via the turbulent heat and momentum fluxes.
EnOI‐IAU Initialization Scheme Designed for Decadal Climate Prediction System IAP‐DecPreS
Authors: Wu Bo , Zhou Tianjun , Zheng Fei
Published: January 2018

A decadal climate prediction system named as IAP‐DecPreS was constructed in the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, based on a fully coupled model FGOALS‐s2 and a newly developed initialization scheme, referred to as EnOI‐IAU. In this paper, we introduce the design of the EnOI‐IAU scheme, assess the accuracies of initialization integrations using the EnOI‐IAU and preliminarily evaluate hindcast skill of the IAP‐DecPreS. The EnOI‐IAU scheme integrates two conventional assimilation approaches, ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) and incremental analysis update (IAU). The EnOI and IAU were applied to calculate analysis increments and incorporate them into the model, respectively. Three continuous initialization (INIT) runs were conducted for the period of 1950–2015, in which observational sea surface temperature (SST) from the HadISST1.1 and subsurface ocean temperature profiles from the EN4.1.1 data set were assimilated. Then nine‐member 10 year long hindcast runs initiated from the INIT runs were conducted for each year in the period of 1960–2005. The accuracies of the INIT runs are evaluated from the following three aspects: upper 700 m ocean temperature, temporal evolution of SST anomalies, and dominant interdecadal variability modes, Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Finally, preliminary evaluation of the ensemble mean of the hindcast runs suggests that the IAP‐DecPreS has skill in the prediction of the PDO‐related SST anomalies in the midlatitude North Pacific and AMO‐related SST anomalies in the tropical North Atlantic.
Diphenylamine‐Substituted Carbazole‐Based Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: Influence of Isomeric Derivatives
Authors: Magomedov Artiom , Paek Sanghyun , Gratia Paul , Kasparavicius Ernestas , Daskeviciene Maryte , Kamarauskas Egidijus , Gruodis Alytis , Jankauskas Vygintas , Kantminiene Kristina , Cho Kyung Taek , Rakstys Kasparas , Malinauskas Tadas , Getautis Vytautas , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Published: January 2018

A series of new branched hole transporting materials (HTMs) containing two diphenylamine‐substituted carbazole fragments linked by a nonconjugated methylenebenzene unit is synthesized and tested in perovskite solar cells. Synthesis of the investigated materials is performed by a simple two‐step synthetic procedure providing a target product in high yield. The isolated materials demonstrate good thermal stability and majority of the investigated compounds exist in an amorphous state, which is advantageous as there is no risk of crystallization directly in the film. The highest charge drift mobility of µ0 = 4 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1, measured at weak electric fields, is by ca. one order of magnitude higher than that of Spiro‐OMeTAD under identical conditions. From the perovskite solar cell testing results, it can be seen that performance of two new HTMs (V885 and V911) is on a par with Spiro‐OMeTAD. Due to the ease of synthesis, good thermal, optical and photophysical properties, this type of molecules hold great promise for practical application in commercial perovskite solar cells.