bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slovenska priporočila za rabo nujne kontracepcije
Authors: Pinter Bojana , Bokal Vrtačnik Eda , Srnovršnik Tinkara , Erak Vesna
Published: April 2022

Nujna kontracepcija (KC) je kontracepcija za zaščito pred neželeno nosečnostjo neposredno po nezaščitenem spolnem odnosu kot izhod v sili. Na voljo sta dve metodi nujne KC: oralna nujna KC in nujna vstavitev materničnega vložka z bakrom. V priporočilih so pojasnjene indikacije za nujno KC, vrste nujne KC, mehanizem delovanja, učinkovitost nujne KC ter previdnostni ukrepi, medsebojno delovanje z zdravili in neželeni učinki. Posebej je predstavljeno svetovanje nujne KC ter raba nujne KC pri različnih stanjih in boleznih žensk. Slovenska priporočila za rabo nujne KC povzemajo mednarodna priporočila in vključujejo prilagoditve za naše razmere.
Creativity, Productivity, Aging
Authors: Hutcheon Linda , Hutcheon Michael
Published: April 2022

British composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) died at the age of only six- ty-three, but ill health in his last years parachuted him into what he himself saw as older age and its consequences. His story of challenge and adaptation allows us to examine the particular impact of illness and impairment on the role of productivity in definitions of creativity. Composing was the life blood of this prolific artist, known for his work ethic and professionalism. Though he completed only nine independent works after his operation, the last works stand as some of his best creations.

Britten’s sense of selfhood depended to a large extent upon this self-iden- tification as an active working composer. While he retained this to the end, his other life narrative had to be abandoned with his sudden entry into older age: that of being ever youthful. His self-fashioning as youthful and his tastes— in food, humor, habits—were formed in boyhood and never changed. Yet, through his letters and creative work, Britten reconstructed in the face of the challenges of aging that evolving life narrative of himself as the professional “working composer” that enabled his continuing creativity.
Intergenerative Transdisciplinarity in a Future of Aging Professions
Authors: Whitehouse Peter J.
Published: April 2022

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Poised to Pass the Torch
Authors: Achenbaum Andy
Published: April 2022

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The Importance of Aging Studies
Authors: Baker Tamara A.
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Aging by the Book' by Kay Heath
Authors: Looser Devoney
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Constituting Old Age in Early Modern English Literature from Queen Elizabeth to King Lear' by Christopher Martin
Authors: Munro Lucy
Published: April 2022

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Another Kind of Intimacy
Authors: Kunow Rüdiger
Published: April 2022

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Feeling Frail and National Statistical Panic
Authors: Woodward Kathleen
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Ageing, Ritual and Social Change: Comparing the Secular and Religious in Eastern and Western Europe' edited by Peter Coleman, Daniela Koleva, and Joanna Bornat
Authors: Edmondson Ricca
Published: April 2022

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Silk Court Ladies and Gents
Authors: Stewart Keara
Published: April 2022

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Books of Forgetfulness
Authors: Branco Rita Maldonado
Published: April 2022

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Modeling as an Older Woman
Authors: Lopez y Royo Alessandra Bruni
Published: April 2022

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Of Young/Old Queens and Giant Dwarfs
Authors: Wohlmann Anita
Published: April 2022

In 2012, the story of Snow White was retold twice in major Hollywood productions, featuring Charlize Theron and Kristen Stewart in Snow White and the Huntsman and Julia Roberts in Mirror Mirror. Why do we keep retelling this particular fairy tale? Researchers have argued that the tale speaks to current anxieties about old age and aging. While critics have been disappointed by the retroactive ways in which age, aging and gender are represented, this article argues that both movies negotiate these topics more ambivalently than one might assume at frst. This idea is explored, on the one hand, through an analysis of the role of hyperbole, masquerade and performativity, which are read as instances of potential counternarratives or subtexts of parody and resistance. On the other hand, the article zooms in on how the representation of the dwarfs in the two movies contributes to a deconstruction of age norms. In applying concepts of liminality, the article demonstrates in the last section how the dwarfs challenge stereotypical notions associated with youthfulness and adulthood by revealing the artifcial nature of age stages and thus allowing for a different access to some of the ageist implications of the 2012 representations of the tale.
Growing Old in Utopia
Authors: Brand Mark R.
Published: April 2022

Utopian Studies and Age Studies, as disciplines, have traditionally had little to do with one another despite a great deal of shared scholarly “territory.” This essay examines one such nexus of shared territory: the changing representa-tion of age as a component of social formation in American utopian fictions of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. A perceptible shift in Anglophone utopian depictions of aging can be identified in the approximate years 1890-1914, before which aging was largely figured as a non-othering, normative characteristic, and after which aging became a particularlizing and potentially othering feature of identity. Using a “stage” vs. “state” theoretical approach modeled on the work of Andrea Charise, the analysis here focuses on the brief interim where narrative figurations of age became noticeably unstable in utopian literature, fluctuating between othering and non-othering configurations (sometimes both simultaneously) in well-known American utopias such as Ignatius Donnelly’s Caesar’s Column (1890), Jack London’s The Scarlet Plague (1912), and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Herland (1915).
Rereading Simone de Beauvoir’s The Coming of Age
Authors: Woodward Kathleen
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Ageing, Gender and Illness in Anglophone Literature: Narrating Age in the Bildungsroman' by Heike Hartung
Authors: Looser Devoney
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Ageing, Insight and Wisdom: Meaning and Practice across the Lifecourse' by Ricca Edmondson
Authors: Velten Julia
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'How Pop Culture Shapes the Stages of a Woman’s Life: From Toddlers-in-Tiaras to Cougars-on-the-Prowl' by Melissa Ames and Sarah Burcon
Authors: Wohlmann Anita
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Contemporary Cinema and “Old Age”: Gender and the Silvering of Stardom' by Josephine Dolan
Authors: Gravagne Pamela
Published: April 2022

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The Utopian Potential of Aging and Longevity in Bernard Shaw’s Back to Methuselah (1921)
Authors: Adiseshiah Siân
Published: April 2022

George Bernard Shaw’s five-part play cycle Back to Methuselah (1921) has not been fully appreciated for its utopian criticality, a criticality that offers a profound reframing of longevity and old age. That it is a utopia in dramatic (rather than prose) form, deploys an unusual mix of largely comic genres and styles, pursues eccentric ideas of Creative Evolution, and is exceptionally long and unwieldy in production has led to a mostly limited and perplexed scholarly reception from within both utopian and Shaw studies. Against this context, this article unearths the utopian potential of Back to Methuselah, where aging and longevity serve to make possible the emergence of superior human capacity, which is uniquely able to establish and sustain a better world because of the qualities acquired through extended life. In particular, it argues that taking account of the play as a utopian text—with its radical representation of old age as cumulative value—expands to include age in addition to existing progressive narratives familiar from utopian literature since Thomas More’s Utopia (1516), which fundamentally rethink identities of class, gender, race, and sexuality.
Review of 'Ageing Femininity on Screen' by Niall Richardson
Authors: Aitaki Georgia
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Sexuality, Disability, and Aging' by Jane Gallop
Authors: Bush Leah
Published: April 2022

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Review of 'Embodied Narration' edited by Heike Hartung
Authors: Oró-Piqueras Maricel
Published: April 2022

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Aging Faces and Gowland’s Lotion in Austen’s Persuasion (1817)
Authors: Oh June
Published: April 2022

Sir Walter Elliot, a conceited aristocrat in Jane Austen’s Persuasion (1817), takes it as a personal affront when he sees an aging face. For him, an aging face is a physical manifestation of one’s lowly breed. In his obsession with youthful and “superior” looks, the concept of aging is explicitly entangled with class. Quite unlike Sir Walter’s essentialist belief, the era’s advancing scientific and medical knowledge of the human body began to understand aging as a material phenomenon rather than a cosmic fate. The era witnessed a thriving anti-aging skincare industry that promised ways to treat the physical signs of aging, to guard against decay, and even to restore “bloom” to all who may subscribe to its application. This article focuses on one historical anti-aging skincare product and a personal favorite of Sir Walter, Gowland’s Lotion. Reading popular medical texts and beauty regimens alongside Persuasion, this article shows how Austen captures the significance of daily practices of anti-aging skincare routines, exposing the faltering class system in Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
Analogy as a rhetorical device and a linguocognitive phenomenon in a public lecture
Authors: Rudneva Ol'ga Viktorovna
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the features of the functioning of analogy in socio-scientific texts based on the material of public lectures on history. Analogy is considered as a linguocognitive phenomenon and a rhetorical device. The purpose of the article is to study the functions of analogy in the structure of a public lecture, the features of its use in describing historical events. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of description, interpretation, comparison and classification, and highly specialized methods of component and stylistic analysis are also used within the framework of communicative-pragmatic, functional-semantic and linguocognitive approaches. The object of the study is the representation of analogy as a way of processing objective information, as a means of interaction with the audience and as a component of the linguistic worldview of the lecturer's personality. The subject of the study is the mechanisms of implementation of the analogy, its structural and stylistic specificity and functional characteristics. The novelty of the research consists in the application of the comparative aspect in the study of the general features of the use of analogy on the material of historical materials. It is concluded that the use of analogy depends on the scope of application to a greater extent than on the peculiarities of the lecturer's linguistic personality. Using the example of the analysis of the corpus of public lectures, it can be concluded that the use of techniques in a public lecture is standardized, and the methods of logical construction of scientific presentation, which are one of the features of the scientific style, are combined with expressiveness and clarity in this genre. The variation of stylistic means depends not only on the goals of communication, the peculiarities of addressing, but also on the specific linguistic personality and the nature of the content of the lecture. The range of ways to attract attention and activate interest in the proposed problem is expanding, which leads to the use of expressive means that are not characteristic of the scientific style proper, realizing the author's communicative goals.
Spectral resolutions for non-self-adjoint block convolution operators
Authors: Zalot Ewelina
Published: April 2022

The paper concerns the spectral theory for a class of non-self-adjoint block convolution operators. We mainly discuss the spectral representations of such operators. It is considered the general case of operators defined on Banach spaces. The main results are applied to periodic Jacobi matrices.
Nonreciprocal transmission of vortex beam in double Laguerre-Gaussian rotational cavity system
Authors: Zhu Xue-Song , Liu Xing-Yu , Zhang Yan ,   National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
Published: April 2022

By constructing an optorotational system composed of two linearly coupled Laguerre-Gaussian rotational cavities, we realize the nonreciprocal transmission of the vortex beam with the orbital angular momentum. Two vortex beam cavity modes driven by strong fields are coupled with a rotational mirror via the torsion, and two cavity modes interact with each other via the optical fiber. A weak probe field is incident from one side of the system for examining the optical response along one propagating direction. With the Hamiltonian of the system and the Heisenberg-Langevin equation, we can obtain the transmission of the output light field from the input-output theory. The result shows that the optical nonreciprocity of the vortex beam arises from the quantum interference between the optorotational interaction and the linear coupling interaction between two vortex beam modes, and the phase difference can be used to adjust the optical nonreciprocity. The phase difference can determine not only the occurrence of the nonreciprocity but also the direction of nonreciprocity. Moreover, the ratio of the topological charges carried by the two vortex beam fields has an influence on the transmission. Under an appropriate topological charge ratio, the unidirectional transmission of the vortex beam can be realized in such a system. It is found that whether the topological charge ratio is positive or negative, i.e. whether the vortex beam is left-hand beam or right-hand beam, does not affect the transmission; the influence of the topological charge on the transmission amplitude actually comes from the topological charge number carried by the vortex beam, due to the fact that the coupling strength between the rotating mirror mode and the cavity mode depends on the topological charge number. In addition, we also obtain the condition that the system damping rates should meet for realizing the perfect nonreciprocal propagation of the vortex beam. Finally, we can achieve the nonreciprocal group velocity of the slow light. The direction of the nonreciprocal slow light can be controlled via phase modulation. Our work provides a possible application in manipulating the vortex beam propagation. Furthermore, we extend the nonreciprocity of ordinary beams in the optomechanical system to the nonreciprocity of the vortex beam in the optorotational system. The results are expected to be applied to fabricating the ideal optical isolators for the vortex beam carrying the orbital angular momentum in optical communication.
CGCNImp: a causal graph convolutional network for multivariate time series imputation
Authors: Liu Caizheng , Cui Guangfan , Liu Shenghua
Published: April 2022

Background

Multivariate time series data generally contains missing values, which can be an obstacle to subsequent analysis and may compromise downstream applications. One challenge in this endeavor is the presence of the missing values brought about by sensor failure and transmission packet loss. Imputation is the usual remedy in such circumstances. However, in some multivariate time series data, the complex correlation and temporal dependencies, coupled with the non-stationarity of the data, make imputation difficult.

Mehods

To address this problem, we propose a novel model for multivariate time series imputation called CGCNImp that considers both correlation and temporal dependency modeling. The correlation dependency module leverages neural Granger causality and a GCN to capture the correlation dependencies among different attributes of the time series data, while the temporal dependency module relies on an attention-driven long short term memory (LSTM) and a time lag matrix to learn its dependencies. Missing values and noise are addressed with total variation reconstruction.

Results

We conduct thorough empirical analyses on two real-world datasets. Imputation results show that CGCNImp achieves state-of-the-art performance when compared to previous methods.
The influencing factors for distribution patterns of resident and migrant bird species richness along elevational gradients
Authors: Kim Jin-Yong , Yoon Jongmin , Choi Yu-Seong , Eo Soo Hyung
Published: April 2022

The latitudinal and elevational patterns of species richness of resident and migrant birds have been of interest to researchers over the past few decades, and various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the factors that may affect these patterns. This study aimed to shed light on the elevational distribution patterns of resident and migrant bird species richness by examining biotic and abiotic factors such as climate, and habitat heterogeneity using a piecewise structural equation model (pSEM). The overall pattern of resident species richness showed a decreasing trend with increasing elevation, whereas that of migrant species richness showed an increasing trend. The mid-peak pattern of species richness was affected by a combination of resident and migrant species and not by either resident or migrant species. Our results showed that resident species were distributed in lower elevation regions with higher mean spring temperatures, whereas migrant species were found in higher elevation regions with lower mean spring temperatures and higher overstory vegetation coverage. Although high elevation conditions might adversely affect the reproduction of migrant birds, higher overstory vegetation coverage at high elevations seemed to compensate for this by providing a better nesting and roosting environment. Despite the significance of habitat diversity and understory vegetation coverage in univariate linear regression models, multiple regression models of the interconnection of ecological processes demonstrated that mean spring temperature and overstory vegetation coverage were more explanatory than other variables.
Contribution of Longitudinal and Circumferential Shortening to Stroke Volume and Ejection Fraction in Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Migliore Ricardo Alberto , Adaniya Maria Elena , Dorsch Jeremías Daniel , Barranco Miguel , González Silvia Consuelo , Miramont Guillermo Miguel
Published: April 2022

Background: Left ventricular (LV) stroke volume (SV) is ejected by a combination of longitudinal shortening (LS), circumferential shortening (CS) and ventricular twist. Longitudinal shortening is caused by the motion of the mitral annulus towards the apex, causing wall thickening (circumferential and radial shortening), and left ventricular cavity and SV reduction. The role of LS in aortic stenosis (AS) is not defined. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the LS and CS contribution to SV and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in severe AS. Methods: The study included 152 patients (70±12 years, 64 women) with severe AS (valve area <1 cm2 ) studied by cardiac Doppler echocardiography. The LS contribution to SV was evaluated by considering the base of the heart as a cylinder, with volume=base x height; the base was assumed as a circle with radius equal to (systolic septal thickness+systolic posterior wall thickness+end-systolic diameter)/2; and height, as an average of the mitral lateral, septal, anterior and inferior annulus systolic excursion. The CS contribution to SV was estimated as: SV - LS contribution to SV. Both contributions were expressed in absolute form and as SV percentages (% SV-LS and % SV-CS). Results: Longitudinal shortening contributed with approximately 2 thirds of SV (68±18 %) and CS with the rest. SV-LS correlated inversely with SV (r= - 0.45 p <0.001) and SV-CS had direct correlation (r=0.45 p <0.001). The % SV-LS contribution was greater in patients with LVEF < 50%. Percent SV-LS correlated inversely with relative wall thickness (RWT) (r=0.32, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The LS contribution to SV is greater than that of CS, and correlates inversely with SV. Percent SV-LS is higher in patients with LVEF <50%. The aforementioned findings could have implications when considering cut-off points for longitudinal function indices (strain) without considering LVEF and/or ventricular geometry
Immediate and Mid-term Outcomes of Blalock-Taussig Shunt versus Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Stenting in Symptomatic Neonates with Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Rocchia Fatima , Allub Alejandro , Guevara Artemio A. , De Anquin Lucrecia , Juaneda Ignacio , Contreras Alejandro , Azar Irma , Peirone Alejandro
Published: April 2022

Background: The initial management of symptomatic neonate patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) associated with unfavorable anatomy and significantly reduced pulmonary vascular flow is controversial and continues to be a clinical challenge. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical evolution and to compare branch pulmonary artery growth in symptomatic neonatal TOF patients who received a modified Blalock Taussig (mBT) shunt versus right ventricular outflow tract stent placement (RVOTs) at the Department of Cardiology, Hospital de Niños de Córdoba, between March 2011 and March 2021. Methods: A retrospective, observational study identified 113 patients with TOF, 20 of which (18%) were symptomatic neonates requiring initial palliative intervention. Categorical variables are expressed as percentage and continuous variables as median and interquartile range (IQR). A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Among the 20 patients included in the study, 11 (55%) formed the mBT shunt group and 9 (45%) the RVOTs group. In the mBT shunt group, pre-palliation right pulmonary artery (RPA) Z score was -3 (IQR 4.20) and increased to -1.6 (IQR 1.56) (p= 0.11), and left pulmonary artery (LPA) Z score of -2.5 (IQR 4.8) increased to -1.80 (IQR 2.36) (p= 0.44). In the RVOTs group, RPA Z score prior to the palliative procedure was -3.45 (IQR 3.83) and increased to -2.5 (IQR 3.58) (p= 0.021) and LPA Z score of -4.10 (IQR 2.51) increased to -2.00 (IQR 3.75) (p= 0.011). Pre-intervention O2 saturation of 75% (IQR 6) increased to 87% (IQR 9) in the mBT shunt group (p= 0.005) and from 75% (IQR 16) to 91% (IQR 13) in the RVOTs group (p= 0.008). Mean length of hospital stay after the procedure was 10 days (IQR 11) in the mBT shunt group and 6 days (IQR 2) in the RVOTs group (p= 0.095). Conclusions: In symptomatic neonates with TOF, both palliative strategies improved the clinical condition. In patients who received RVOTs, there was greater branch pulmonary artery growth. A larger number of cases and longer-term follow-up will be necessary to confirm these findings.
Digital Behaviour in Gastronomy Tourism: The Consumption Pattern of Millennial Tourists
Authors: Wachyuni Suci Sandi , Priyambodo Tri Kuntoro , Widiyastuti Dyah , Sudarmadji .
Published: April 2022

Aims: This study aims to analyse the consumption behaviour of millennial tourists in gastronomic tours starting from the stages before, during, and after gastronomic tours, especially in the use of information technology.

Place and Duration of Study: This research is done in Yogyakarta and Solo between February 2021 and March 2021.

Methodology: This research was conducted with a quantitative approach by collecting data using a questionnaire distributed through an online survey. One hundred twenty-two respondents participated and answered thoroughly. The data analysis technique used is Descriptive Statistics and Regression Analysis.

Results: This study shows that most millennial tourists use digital media intensely before, during, and after a gastronomic tour. Digital media is used to find local culinary information and share experiences. Other findings show that social media positively contributes to determining local culinary purchasing decisions in gastronomic destinations by 38.5%.

Conclusions: Millennial tourists usually use digital media pre-, on-, and post-travel. Digital media is used as a source of trusted information and a tool for determining local culinary consumption.

Implications of this Study: This research provides theoretical implications which show that millennial tourists have unique characteristics in every phase of gastronomic tourism. The practical implication of this research is that the findings of this study can be used as suggestions and input for local culinary entrepreneurs to adapt to the digital behaviour of millennial tourists. Entrepreneurs and destination administrators must focus on digital media promotions to effectively reach millennial tourists.
Assessment of Rice Hybrids on Growth, Yield and Economics under Different Agro-climatic Conditions in India
Authors: Kumar Golla Shantha , Singh Vikram , George Shruti Grace , Vivek .
Published: April 2022

The field experimental trial was carried out during kharif season 2021 at CRF SHUATS, Prayagraj, U.P. Experiment was laid out in statistically Randomized Block Design (RBD). The soil of experimental field was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.2), low in organic carbon (0.35%), available nitrogen (108 kg/ha), P2O5 (22.15 kg/ha) and available K2O (280 kg/ha). The experimental result revealed that the hybrid UR-16 has recorded significantly higher in growth and yield attributes.  Growth attributes viz., Plant height (120.57 cm), Number of tillers/hill (15.07), Maximum dry weight (55.91 g). Yield attributes viz., Panicle length (28.41 cm), Test weight (26.48 g) and yields viz., Grain yield per hill (28.37 g), Grain yield (6.85 t/ha), Straw yield (12.96 t/ha) and the same hybrid has also obtained maximum gross returns (589860.00 INR/ha), net returns (95174.00 INR/ha), and B:C ratio (1.76).
Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Levels on Growth and Yield of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Reddy Seelam Raghavender , Keerthi Bodapati , Gowthami Sompalli , Gayethri Gowriraja , C Umesha
Published: April 2022

To study the retaliation performance of Nitrogen and Zinc on growth, yield and yield attributes of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) During the Zaid season of 2021, a field experiment was carried out at the agricultural research farm of SHUATS, Prayagraj, to analyze the influence of nitrogen and zinc levels on the growth and yield of a Black gram. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) it was carried with Nine treatments, each treatment have three replications and we observed each treatment on the bases of one-year experimentation. In view of this experiment three Nitrogen levels, i.e.N1 - (15 kg/ha), N2 – (20 kg/ha) and N3 – (25 kg/ha) and Zinc levels, i.e., Zn1 – (0.25 %), Zn2 – (0.5 %), Zn3 – (0.75 %) .The results was obtained that the treatment with the application of N 25 kg/ha+ Zn 0.5% was observed significantly maximum plant height (41.50 cm), number of nodules per plant (25.50), number of branches per plant (7.65), plant dry weight (9.61 g/plant), pods per plant (37.55), seeds per pod (6.83), test weight (39.23 g), grain yield (937 kg/ha), stover yield (2418 kg/ha). Maximum net return (Rs42008.92/ha) and B:C ratio (2.22) were recorded with treatment of N 25 kg/ha+ Zn 0.5%.This study concluded that the maximum grain yield (937 kg/ha) was acquired with application N 25 kg/ha+ Zn 0.5%, significantly superior to the rest of the treatments.
Effect of Plant Spacing and Organic Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield Attributes of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Wali Aparna , Umesha C. , Meshram M. R. , Singh Vibhav
Published: April 2022

The field experiment was conducted during Zaid season of 2021 at the CRF, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.). The soil of the experiment plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.2), low in organic carbon (0.72%), available N (278.48 kg/ha), available P (27.80 kg/ha) and available K (233.24 kg/ha). The treatments included three spacing’s (20 cm × 10 cm, 30 cm × 10 cm and 40 cm × 10 cm), as well as three organic nutrient managements (4 t/ha Vermicompost + 10% Vermiwash + 10% Jeevamruth at 20 DAS, 5 t/ha Vermicompost + 12% Vermiwash + 5 kg/ha FYM + 12% Jeevamruth at 40 DAS and 6 t/ha Vermicompost + 14% Vermiwash + 6 kg/ha FYM), respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments combinations and the treatment combinations were replicated thrice. The results obtained showed that growth parameters such as plant height (63.41 cm), number of branches (6.60/plant) and plant dry weight (13.38 g/plant) were significantly higher with the application of 30 cm × 10 cm spacing along with + 5 t/ha VC + 12% VW + 5 kg/ha FYM + 12% J at 40 DAS. While yield parameters such as pods (25.52/plant) were the highest in 40 cm × 10 cm + 5 t/ha VC + 12% VW + 5 kg/ha FYM + 12% J at 40 DAS. Whereas, seed yield (1,869.82 kg/ha), haulm yield (3,888.33 kg/ha), harvest index (33.84%), gross returns (INR 2, 28,266.33/ha), net returns (INR 1, 64,206.33/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (2.89) were recorded maximum in the treatment combination of 20 cm × 10 cm + 5 t/ha VC + 12% VW + 5 kg/ha FYM + 12% J at 40 DAS.
Evaluation of Risk Factors in COVID- 19 Patients Presenting in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital
Authors: Orugbo Voke Peter , Ohaju-Obodo John
Published: April 2022

Aim: The study's goal was to look into the relationship between disease incidence, clinical symptoms, and comorbidities in COVID patients at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital Isolation Centre in Delta State, Nigeria, to see if they were COVID risk factors.

Study Design: The study relied on case notes and clinical records of 80 study participants

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the COVID-19 Isolation Centre affiliated to Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. It was a one-off sampling study.

Methodology: COVID-positive patients at the Isolation Centre were separated from the Control group. In this study, the control group refered to those who tested negative or unconfirmed. Participants were people in the community who appeared to be of a similar age and appeared to be in good health. Both groups of participants' clinical records were acquired. A total of 80 participants were thus recruited for the study. The clinical records of both groups were compiled and examined after due authorization.

Results: The results showed that 51 of the 80 participants tested positive for COVID-19 at the designated study center. The majority of COVID patients were between the ages of 30 and 59, which is human active age. The majority of COVID patients had diabetes miletus,  accounting for more than 25% of the total. The majority of the participants had normal blood pressure: 34.6% of unconfirmed cases, 52.9% of COVID patients, and 100% of those who were COVID negative.

Conclusion: Respiratory failure, AKI, cardiac arrest, hypoxic brain injury, UTI, and Gastritis were among the most common complications identified by study participants.
Proniosomes: Non-Ionic Surfactant Coated Vesicular Carrier Systems with Effective Drug Targeting
Authors: Rada Santosh Kumar , Brijitha Gokula
Published: April 2022

Proniosomes is one of the unique drug delivery technology wherein the medicament is enclosed in a vesicle and have a variety of medicinal and cosmetic applications. Vesicular drug delivery reduces the treatment cost by increasing the bioavailability of the drug, especially for sparingly soluble compounds. Proniosomes are easier to create and less expensive than other innovative formulations. Proniosomes improve medication stability and give significant accessibility in dosage, distribution, passage, and storage, demonstrating that proniosomes stand as a very promising drug carrier technology. This study emphasizes proniosome preparation procedures in general, and also its submissions in drug delivery and targeting. As well, this review broadly elucidates the potential of proniosomes in delivering drugs via different routes, such as oral, oral mucosal, dermal and transdermal, ocular, parenteral, pulmonary, intranasal, and vaginal. Lastly, a comparison of proniosomes versus niosomes demonstrates the fundamental differences between them. According to the findings, this system seems to be a prospective forthcoming drug carrier that might be scaled up for commercial use with physicochemical stability.
A Review on Impurity Profiling, Degradation Studies, and Bioanalytical Methods of Anti-diabetic Drugs
Authors: Deshpande Mahesh M. , Bhalerao Madhuri H. , Pabale Pooja D.
Published: April 2022

According to ICH Q3A(R), the impurity in a new drug substance is “any component of a new drug substance that is not the chemical entity defined as a new drug substance”. As Per ICH Q3B(R), the impurity in a new drug product is “any component of the drug product that is not the drug substance and excipients in the drug product. “The forced degradation studies are used to facilitate the development of analytical methodology, to achieve a better understanding of the drug substance and the drug product stability, and to determine degradation pathways and the degradation products. This study will help to get the most stable formulation. The bioanalytical method development and validation is an essential part in the drug discovery and development. There is need to develop and validate bioanalytical methods, as sponsors have to submit clinical pharmacology, bioavailability, bioequivalence, pharmacokinetic evaluation along with non-human pharmacology and toxicology studies and preclinical studies to regulatory authorities. There are number of spectroscopic methods includes Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Mass spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Chromatographic methods includes HPLC,HPTLC,GC,UPLC as well as hyphenated techniques like LC-MS, LC/ESI-MS, LC-NMR-MS used for identification and characterization of impurities in an API and the drug products forced degradation study to obtain stability data and bioanalytical methods.

The uniqueness of this review is that it describes the detail information and background explaining impurities, forced degradation and bioanalytical method development and validation as well as all literature available regarding development and validation of all said methods for the drugs and the drug products used to treat type 2 diabetes.
APLIKASI VALUE ENGINEERING PADA PEMILIHAN ELEMEN FASAD
Authors: Surja Anthony , Budiman Januar , Nugraha Paul
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan tampak bangunan konstruksi khususnya pada pemilihan material fasad menjadi hal yang tidak dapat diremehkan untuk mencegah kecacatan dalam sistem fasad yang terintegrasi pada bangunan. Penerapan Rekayasa Nilai pada elemen fasad secara sistematis dapat memberikan alternatif terbaik dalam pemilihan material fasad. Penerapan Rekayasa Nilai akan dilaksanakan bangunan Showroom yang memiliki sistem fasad dan pada elemen fasad tersebut akan diterapkan rencana kerja Rekayasa Analisa yaitu tahap informasi, tahap kreatif, tahap analisa, dan tahap rekomendasi. Elemen yang telah melewati rencana kerja Rekayasa Nilai selanjutnya akan dianalisa lebih detail secara keuntungan dan kerugian nya untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Dengan penerapan Rekayasa Nilai pada pemilihan elemen fasad pada bangunan Showroom Adiputro didapatkan Alternatif pengganti pada bagian Kaca Showroom adalah Laminated Glass sedangkan untuk alternatif pengganti double skin façade showroom adalah Aluminium Luxalon Miniwave.
Penjadwalan Proyek Menggunakan Monte Carlo Simulation pada Kondisi Tidak Pasti
Authors: Sampurno Michael Edwardo , Widyadana I Gede Agus , Budiman Januar
Published: April 2022

Pada makalah ini dilakukan pembahasan mengenai perencanaan penjadwalan menggunakan monte carlo simulation yang dihadapkan dengan wabah COVID-19. Penggunaan monte carlo simulation dalam melakukan perencanaan penjadwalan memperhitungkan risiko-risiko ketidakpastian yang menggunakan durasi probabilistik dalam setiap durasi aktivitas pekerjaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti penggunaan cara alternatif dalam mengestimasi durasi probabilistik apabila data historis tidak bisa didapatkan. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah penggunaan monte carlo simulation dalam melakukan perencanaan penjadwalan dapat menghasilkan model penjadwalan yang lebih sesuai dengan kondisi aktual apabila dibandingkan dengan menggunakan critical path method. Estimasi durasi probabilistik yang terbaik apabila tidak adanya data historis adalah dengan menggunakan cara kualitatif dengan three-point estimate menggunakan hasil wawancara dan diskusi dengan pihak kontraktor pada proyek studi kasus yang dilakukan pada durasi pekerjaan-pekerjaan awal dari proyek tersebut dan estimasi durasi aktivitas sisanya menggunakan hasil survei dengan pihak-pihak kontraktor lainnya selain dari proyek yang diteliti.
AN ENHANCEMENT OF KRIGING BASED FINITE ELEMENT FOR PLATE ANALYSIS BY USING MITC3+ ELEMENT
Authors: Sebastian Sebastian , Tjong Wong Foek
Published: April 2022

A development of Kriging-based finite elements method has been carried out by implementing the MITC3+ plate elements for modeling the plate structure. The MITC3+ element used is a development of the MITC3 element whose performance is considered quite good and can overcome problems that arise in the application of conventional Kriging-based finite elements, one of which is the shear-locking. The application of Kriging interpolation on MITC3+ elements is carried out with the Kriging shape function formulation in the formation of the bending stiffness matrix only. The elements are then tested with various benchmark problems such as Patch Test, hard clamped square plate, Rhombic Plate, and its ability to solve complex-shaped plates. The results showed that the MITC3+ was able to avoid the shear-locking mechanism and also produce an accurate solution. However, it appears there is an inconsistent convergence pattern on the Patch Test and Rhombic Plate.
Two‐stage gradient‐based iterative algorithms for the fractional‐order nonlinear systems by using the hierarchical identification principle
Authors: Wang Junwei , Ji Yan , Zhang Xiao , Xu Ling
Published: April 2022

This article focuses on the parameter estimation issues for a fractional‐order nonlinear system with autoregressive noise. In the process, the challenge and difficulty are to identify the parameters of the system as well as the order. To reduce the complexity of the structure, we split the system into two subsystems by utilizing the hierarchical identification principle and derive a two‐stage gradient‐based iterative (2S‐GI) algorithm by minimizing two criterion functions. Compared with the calculation amount of the gradient‐based iterative algorithm, the computation of the 2S‐GI algorithm is significantly reduced. Moreover, in order to improve the identification accuracy, we propose a two‐stage moving‐data‐window gradient‐based iterative algorithm. Finally, the simulation examples test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
High‐Temperature Ternary Oxide Phases in Tantalum/Niobium–Alumina Composite Materials
Authors: Eusterholz Michael K. , Boll Torben , Gebauer Julian , Weidner Anja , Kauffmann Alexander , Franke Peter , Seifert Hans Jürgen , Biermann Horst , Aneziris Christos G. , Heilmaier Martin
Published: April 2022

Coarse‐grained composites of refractory ceramics and refractory metals are a novel approach for materials at application temperatures up to 1500 °C. Al2O3 and the refractory metals Nb and Ta are suitable candidates for enhanced thermal shock capability, as they show similar thermal expansion. During fabrication, a key aspect to consider is the possible formation of additional phases upon interaction of the constituent phases as well as through reaction with the environment. X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) and investigations of the microstructure with scanning electron microscopy methods unveil Al2O3–Nb composite to form NbO, whereas for Al2O3–Ta the ternary compound aluminum tantalate (AlTaO4) is found. Thermodynamic calculations show that the changing oxygen solubility in Nb accounts for the formation of NbO, and explain the absence of a corresponding niobate (AlNbO4) phase. AlTaO4 is identified as the disordered tetragonal high‐temperature modification.
Fluorite‐Structured Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Materials: A Gateway of Miniaturized Electronic Devices
Authors: Ali Faizan , Ali Tarek , Lehninger David , Sünbül Ayse , Viegas Alison , Sachdeva Ridham , Abbas Akmal , Czernohorsky Malte , Seidel Konrad
Published: April 2022

Ferroelectric (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) materials are used for several memory‐related and energy‐related applications. Perovskite materials (e.g., bulk ceramics) remain the most common materials for many applications. However, due to large deposition thickness, these materials are not appropriate for future miniaturized devices. In 2011, FE and AFE properties were reported in Si‐doped HfO2 thin films. HfO2‐based FE and AFE materials have several advantages over conventional materials, such as ultrathin deposition thickness (in range of nanometers), compatibility with existing Si semiconductor technology, and suitability for the integration within 3‐D nanostructures. Therefore, fluorite‐structured materials can be appropriate for miniaturized devices. These fluorite‐structured materials are extensively studied for memory and energy‐related applications. The first review on this topic was published after four years of discovering the FE and AFE properties in these materials. From the past decade, a lot of research has been reported about the detailed mechanism and application of these materials. This review insightfully discusses the progress in the research of fluorite‐structured materials and critically discusses some potential applications. Here some challenges are also discussed, new knowledge is extracted, and promising future research directions of these materials are suggested.
Curved Photodetectors Based on Perovskite Microwire Arrays via In Situ Conformal Nanoimprinting
Authors: Li Shun‐Xin , Xia Hong , Sun Xiang‐Chao , An Yang , Zhu He , Sun Hong‐Bo
Published: April 2022

Micro/nano optoelectronic devices based on curved substrates play a significant role in the development of wearable devices, electronic skin, conformal sensors, conformal antennas, and soft robots. However, the current fabrication processes are oriented toward planar micro/nano devices, and the fabrication of such devices on curved substrates is challenging. Herein, a temperature‐gradient‐assisted nanoimprint‐based in situ micro/nano‐crystal growth method is proposed to fabricate high‐quality curved perovskite microwire crystal (MWC) arrays on curved surfaces. Based on this curved perovskite MWC array without bending‐induced defects, high‐performance curved photodetectors (responsivity = 414 A W−1, detectivity = 1.2 × 1014 Jones, and external quantum efficiency over 140 000%) with extraordinary stability (85% of original performance maintained for more than 2 years) are fabricated to realize a curved imaging device. These results provide insights into the application of high‐performance perovskite photodetectors in nonconformal optical systems.
Noninvasive and Individual‐Centered Monitoring of Uric Acid for Precaution of Hyperuricemia via Optical Supramolecular Sensing
Authors: Zhang Yaping , Yu Huijuan , Chai Shiwei , Chai Xin , Wang Luyao , Geng Wen‐Chao , Li Juan‐Juan , Yue Yu‐Xin , Guo Dong‐Sheng , Wang Yuefei
Published: April 2022

Characterized by an excessively increased uric acid (UA) level in serum, hyperuricemia induces gout and also poses a great threat to renal and cardiovascular systems. It is urgent and meaningful to perform early warning by noninvasive diagnosis, thus conducing to blockage of disease aggravation. Here, guanidinocalix[5]arene (GC5A) is successfully identified from the self‐built macrocyclic library to specifically monitor UA from urine by the indicator displacement assay. UA is strongly bound to GC5A at micromolar‐level, while simultaneously excluding fluorescein (Fl) from the GC5A·Fl complex in the “switch‐on” mode. This method successfully differentiates patients with hyperuricemia from volunteers except for those with kidney dysfunction and targets a volunteer at high risk of hyperuricemia. In order to meet the trend from hospital‐centered to individual‐centered testing, visual detection of UA is studied through a smartphone equipped with a color‐scanning feature, whose adaptability and feasibility are demonstrated in sensing UA from authentic urine, leading to a promising method in family‐centered healthcare style. A high‐throughput and visual detection method is provided here for alarming hyperuricemic by noninvasive diagnosis.
Single‐cell RNA Sequencing Identified Novel Nr4a1+ Ear2+ Anti‐Inflammatory Macrophage Phenotype under Myeloid‐TLR4 Dependent Regulation in Anti‐Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM) Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (cGN)
Authors: Chen Jiaoyi , Huang Xiao Ru , Yang Fuye , Yiu Wai Han , Yu Xueqing , Tang Sydney C. W. , Lan Hui Yao
Published: April 2022

Previously, this study demonstrates the critical role of myeloid specific TLR4 in macrophage‐mediated progressive renal injury in anti‐glomerular basement membrane (anti‐GBM) crescentic glomerulonephritis (cGN); however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this study, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), pseudotime trajectories reconstruction, and motif enrichment analysis are used, and macrophage diversity in anti‐GBM cGN under tight regulation of myeloid‐TLR4 is uncovered. Most significantly, a myeloid‐TLR4 deletion‐induced novel reparative macrophage phenotype (Nr4a1+Ear2+) with significant upregulated anti‐inflammatory and tissue repair‐related signaling is discovered, thereby suppressing the M1 proinflammatory responses in anti‐GBM cGN. This is further demonstrated in vitro that deletion of TLR4 from bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) induces the Nr4a1/Ear2‐expressing anti‐inflammatory macrophages while blocking LPS‐stimulated M1 proinflammatory responses. Mechanistically, activation of the Nr4a1/Ear2‐axis is recognized as a key mechanism through which deletion of myeloid‐TLR4 promotes the anti‐inflammatory macrophage differentiation in vivo and in vitro. This is confirmed by specifically silencing macrophage Nr4a1 or Ear2 to reverse the anti‐inflammatory effects on TLR4 deficient BMDMs upon LPS stimulation. In conclusion, the findings decode a previously unidentified role for a myeloid‐TLR4 dependent Nr4a1/Ear2 negative feedback mechanism in macrophage‐mediated progressive renal injury, implying that activation of Nr4a1‐Ear2 axis can be a novel and effective immunotherapy for anti‐GBM cGN.
Do zoo‐housed primates retreat from crowds? A simple study of five primate species
Authors: Cairo‐Evans Alexandria , Wierzal Natasha K. , Wark Jason D. , Cronin Katherine A.
Published: April 2022

An animal's welfare state is directly influenced by the mental state, which is shaped by experiences within the environment throughout the animal's life. For zoo‐housed animals, visitors to the zoo are a large part of that environment and a fluctuating influence within it. This study examines the impact of zoo visitors on the space use of five species of zoo‐housed primates (Eastern black‐and‐white colobus monkeys, Colobus guereza, n = 5, Allen's swamp monkeys, Allenopithecus nigroviridis, n = 2, DeBrazza's monkeys, Cercopithecus neglectus, n = 3, Bolivian gray titi monkeys, Callicebus donacophilus, n = 3, and crowned lemurs, Eulemur coronatus, n = 3). Specifically, we considered whether primates' distance from visitor areas changed as crowd sizes increased. Data were collected using the ZooMonitor app. Observers recorded spatial coordinates for each animal over periods ranging from 12 to 32 months. Data were analyzed using two types of regression models (linear and logistic) to examine the influence of visitors on the location of the primates. Both analyses revealed a statistically significant but small decrease in primate distance from visitor viewing glass as the number of visitors increased. Behavioral indicators of welfare were also unaffected by the presence of visitors. These results suggest that, with additional validation, distance from visitors may be one promising, simple way to evaluate the influence of visitors on primate welfare.