bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated assessment of the potential for cardiovascular prevention according to the screening results and its prognostic significance
Authors: Kalinina A. M. , Gorny B. E. , Kushunina D. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic significance of the integrated assessment of the potential for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in regions based on the results of screening programs.

Material and methods. We analyzed cardiovascular mortality for 2016- 2018 according to the data of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics. Based on the results of pair correlation analysis, indicators were selected that directly or indirectly reflect the quality of CVD prevention as a part of screening. Of these, indicators reliably associated with the cardiovascular mortality rate were selected for calculating the integrated index for CVD prevention potential. Taking into account these data, regional integrated indices were calculated, the value of which was ranked from 1 (highest quality) to 0 (lowest quality). The prognostic significance of the integrated index was assessed by the regional standardized CVD mortality rates in the next 3 years. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed.

Results. In regions with a low index, which characterized by lower early diagnosis rate of CVD and lower coverage of such patients with screening, significantly higher mortality from CVD in the next 3 years was observed (r=-0,72, p<0,001; r=-0,65, p<0,001; r=-0,62, p<0,001). The integrated index showed high informativeness regarding the potential of primary and secondary prevention of CVD in primary health care for each region of the Russian Federation. The integrated index, which includes 3 indicators of the screening results and 2 resource indicators, demonstrated high short- and medium-term prognostic significance as an indicator of screening quality.

Conclusion. The proposed integrated index includes accessible and informative indicators characterizing the screening program as a preventive technology, and can be recommended for the prospective assessment of the effectiveness of CVD prevention in regions.
COVID-19 and nutrition: new emphases, old priorities (review of guidelines)
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Currently, the relevance of nutritional issues is due to two significant reasons: an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and prolonged stay at home (self-isolation). As part of the first block, guidelines on healthy eating are supplemented by the rules of personal hygiene, sanitary-andhygienic food processing, food technology, the proper storage temperature, etc, and of the second — by maintaining the healthy diet assortment: planning purchase products with long shelf life, complaining with the recommended composition, amount of food consumed and diet. The latter are aimed at monitoring the development of macro- and micronutrient deficiency and the prevention of nutrition-dependent risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases, given the low physical activity during self-isolation period. The article provides an overview of expert additions to the guidelines on healthy eating during the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19: urgent questions for estimating morbidity, prevalence, case fatality rate and mortality rate
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Samorodskaya I. V. , Sivtseva M. G. , Kakorina E. P. , Briko N. I. , Cherkasov S. N. , Zinserling V. A. , Malkov P. G.
Published: July 2020

During epidemics, the usual statistical approaches will not allow determining the readiness of the public health system to take urgent measures to counteract the increase in morbidity, spread and mortality of the population. The quality of the medical, socio-economic and managerial decisions at all levels will depend on the accuracy of statistical data and the possibility of creating adequate prognostic models. However, there are still problems with the identification of COVID-19 cases and the diagnostic accuracy of the methods used. Complex analytical efforts require in order to determine the COVID-19 impact on the health status and case fatality rate/mortality rate.
Novel coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 in elderly and senile patients: prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Expert Position Paper of the Russian Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Authors: Tkacheva O. N. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Aleksanyan L. A. , Milto A. S. , Naumov A. V. , Strazhesko I. D. , Vorobyeva N. M. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Malaya I. P. , Krylov K. Yu. , Tyukhmenev E. A. , Rozanov A. V. , Ostapenko V. S. , Manevich T. M. , Shchedrina A. Yu. , Semenov F. A. , Mkhitaryan E. A. , Khovasova N. O. , Yeruslanova K. A. , Kotovskaya N. V. , Sharashkina N. V.
Published: July 2020

A novel coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) is especially dangerous for elderly and senile patients. Preventive measures for elderly people should cover three areas: 1) direct prevention of the viral infection, 2) preservation of the functional status and prevention of geriatric syndromes, including the use of social support measures, 3) control of comorbidities. The clinical pattern of COVID-19 in older patients may be atypical, while the mildness of symptoms (no fever, cough, shortness of breath) may not correspond to the severity of the prognosis. Delirium may be the first manifestation of COVID-19, which requires special care in its screening. Management of elderly and senile patients with COVID19 should include measures for delirium prevention, the detection and improvement of nutrition. The risk of malnutrition with sarcopenia increases with hospitalization of a patient, especially when using artificial ventilation, is associated with an unfavorable prognosis during hospitalization, accelerates the progression of senile asthenia and reduces the quality of life. Geriatric assessment is the cornerstone of determining the management of an elderly patient.
Tobacco smoking and COVID-19: an old enemy in a new guise. Review of current publications
Authors: Gambaryan M. G. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

The review summarizes the current data on the relationship of tobacco smoking, e-cigarette use and the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. The socio-demographic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and associated diseases, which indicate a possible relationship between smoking and the disease, are analyzed. Recent large meta-analyzes demonstrating the increased risk of progression, the development of severe complications and adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in smokers, as well as in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, for which smoking is a leading risk factor, are shown. It is believed that tobacco smoking and e-cigarette use causes dose-dependent activation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, by which virus penetrates to host cell. This may explain the higher risk of complicated COVID-19 in smokers and vapers. There is conflicting data because some studies showed some relatively low smoking prevalence among patients with COVID-19 compared with general population. This, in particular, was associated with poor-quality data collection about smoking, but, nevertheless, was the basis for hypotheses about the protective effect of nicotine against COVID-19. This issue needs further large independent studies, but it is clear so far that smoking is associated with the progression and adverse outcomes of COVID-19.
Health promotion and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Consensus of experts of the National society of evidence-based pharmacotherapy and the Russian society of the prevention of non-communicable diseases
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Gambaryan M. G. , Gorny B. E. , Karamnova N. S. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Novikova N. K. , Popovich M. V. , Rybakov I. A. , Kalinina A. M.
Published: July 2020

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Working conditions at a regional university in assessments of faculty
Authors: Boguslavsky Mikhail , Ladyzhets Natalya , Neborsky Egor , Sannikova Olga
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which was to determine the assessment of the working conditions at the regional university by the professor-staff. The study was carried out as part of the project “Transitive University in the face of global, national and regional challenges” at the Udmurt State University in September – October 2019. The sample consisted of 204 full-time professors (28 % of the total – 717 people). The results are divided into the following groups: assessment of various aspects of working conditions; assessment of the activities of university services; the most important problems of the faculty. Professors tend to highly appreciate those working conditions that are associated with their own contribution to the educational process: the moral and psychological climate in the team and observance of labor discipline. The lowest ratings were received: the opportunity to participate in field conferences, the effectiveness of the effective contract, the ability to provide benefits for the professors-staff, which, in turn, indicates an insufficient level of satisfaction with the incentives for professors. The main claims of the faculty to university services are reduced to excessive bureaucratization of management and educational processes. The most frequently mentioned requirements for the administration of the university regarding the improvement of working conditions are improving the efficiency of workflow, creating an electronic educational and managerial environment of the university. Among other problems that concern professors, there is a low interest of students in studying and the need to take exams and tests several times. Further clarification and separate studies require two issues identified as potentially problematic – this is the diagnosis of professional burnout of teachers and the provision of conditions to minimize its risks and consequences, as well as the difficulty in developing mechanisms to increase the effectiveness of interaction between professors and foreign students, overcoming language and cultural barriers.
TEACHING ENGLISH TO SPEAKERS OF OTHER LANGUAGES – A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES, METHODS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Hira Ms. Shewli
Published: July 2020

This paper critically examines how teaching English with the “communicative approach” is better than grammar and translation method. Why do administrators love communicative approach? Market research says people want to speak English fluently to look confident and important.
People want to learn English faster and that’s why emphasis on communication comes with many drawbacks as it ignores the grammatical rules required in academic and other situations. The positive side of Communicative approach is that it lays importance on pattern; and sensitivity towards
pattern in language acquisition is very helpful.In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) teachers belong to various linguistic backgrounds. In KSA people speak Arabic of various shades. In fact, the progress of English learning of Saudi students should have been spectacular with Arabic speaking
Egyptian, Sudanese and Moroccan teachers through bilingual methods but the expected learning outcome has not been achieved. Many of our students see learning English as Pennycook says, “an unpleasant but sadly necessary occupation” (Harmer, page 5).It is always assumed that
education is very boring and the ESL teachers like other teachers in other departments have the onus of making classes interactive and vibrant. It is also said that teacher-centred education is a traditional method which is one-sided because students remain passive. In order to have a vibrant
class there is more and more focus on learner-centred education which requires students to learn and apply with small intervention and support from the teacher. However, learner-centred approach has many challenges because it works best in small classes or in an environment where learners
have geared up themselves to learn and take the challenge to learn. It is noted that Olsen and Kagan’s collaborative approach or team-based learning is quite successful in handling learning in large classes.This study is a descriptive research of the mixed results of various approaches
and methods. In this paper, I will talk about the best practices like how the Think/pair/share method in a collaborative manner had shown some success in language learning through participation among students, and also helped in finding the reasons of poor performance of students in language
learning classes.
ERRORS IN INDIAN ENGLISH: INTERLANGUAGE AND FOCUS CONSTRUCTIONS
Authors: Sahoo Anindita , Palit Pratiti
Published: July 2020

Language is dynamic; it is unique, creative, complex and modifiable. It grows through permutation and combination of political, social, economic, and environmental factors. Hence, we see a lot of differences in the form of dialects and idiolects. At the same time, if we cast a glance
over the international scenario we can find variations from standard British English and American English. It’ll be a herculean task to identify and suggest one standard variety among all the varieties of English being used in the world today; as such there can be nothing that we call
‘Standard English’. Hence by keeping in view the scientific study of Indian English Language, we want to focus our study on errors in a variety of Indian English spoken by the native speakers of Bangla. The contention is that infrequent occurrence of certain linguistic constructions
(in this case relative clauses) in one’s native language (NL) leads to errors in the target language (TL).
IMPLEMENTING THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE FOR TEACHING/IMPROVING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Authors: Dastidar Ankana Ghosh , Choudhury Ria Roy
Published: July 2020

Modern day education should not only encompass the advancements in science and technology but should also aim for an increasing sense of humanity by means of empathizing with our students and other fellow humans. This calls for a change or modification of approach towards teaching.
According to Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, each human being is capable of seven different ways of information processing. This paper aims at emphasizing upon the various means by which teachers can cater towards the improvement of English Speaking skills among the Engineering
Students, by making use of several techniques of Multiple Intelligence. The paper would go on to explore naturalist, bodily kinesthetic, spatial, interpersonal and musical methods to teach Spoken English to Engineering Students.
MUSIC THERAPY: AN ART BEYOND WORDS
Authors: Saha Biswajit , Barat Sayan , Banerjee Bhaswar
Published: July 2020

Music is an abstract noun which can only be felt by soft core of the heart. Music can make a person cry, laugh and also love. It can also heal both mental and physical pain. It is a diverse way of communication that helps to deliver feelings. Now-a-days a therapy known as the music
therapy has been developed to heal mankind. Therefore, healing music is treated as similar to curing music, meditational music. Music therapy is a type of expressive arts therapy that uses music to improve and maintain the physical, psychological, and social wellbeing of individuals-involves
a broad range of activities, such as listening to music, singing, and playing a musical instrument. In this presentation we discuss various aspects of music therapy.
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION – SKILLS IN DEMAND
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sumana
Published: July 2020

Skills in language teaching are a challenge in heterogeneous classes. The article aims to describe, analyze and interpret teaching based on classroom observations, activities and narrations. Combining the classroom activities and data collection, a range of observation method and non-observation methods were considered. The observation methods are observing, noting, recording. The non-observation methods are surveying, interviewing and journaling. Significant reflections and events were captured in Checklist, Content Parameters and Framework for classroom discourse analysis. The data collected from the personal contact programs of the post graduate English Language Teaching course were recorded, analyzed and reflected. The participants in the course are teachers in various schools and colleges across the state. Reflections on personal values, theoretical assumptions and gaps of knowledge are the focus of the study. To investigate the descriptions of teaching from the perspective of a participant observer, two reflection approaches, reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action were used for data analysis. Reflection-in-action is the spontaneous reflection on the needs of the teachers. These are discussions on the gaps between their current teaching and what they would like to see happening. The open ended relaxed conversations clarify what the teachers want to know, understand and do in a better way. Reflection-on-action is meta-thinking on what happened. This is reflecting on the decisions made by my learners and my own responses, reactions and thoughts and feelings about the lesson. For a period of three years, the method of the cyclical AR model of Plan-Action-Observe-Reflect was followed. The present study offers ideas and insights that teachers can develop as skills in the service of their students’ needs and contributes to better understanding of teaching experiences and communication among teaching challenges. The findings establish that teacher-centered learning operates in reciprocal relationship binding the instructor and the teacher, both sharing resources and becoming resources themselves.
OUTCOME BASED CLOSED LOOP TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Karthick Ramesh Kumar , Dutta Sagnik , Baheti Pooja
Published: July 2020

Teaching - learning process is evolving continuously from ancient times to modern era of customized expectation. The expectation is outcome based learning, but the ongoing class room practice is input based open loop teaching- learning process, i.e. one way input by the teacher which
is ultimately dependent on the learner to reciprocate. The world has changed in all aspects, including technology, lifestyle etc.; but since there is no significant evolution in the classroom teaching- learning process, the need of the hour is to undergo seismic change in the field of teaching
learning process and venture towards new ways of teaching- learning strategies. This paper proposes outcome based closed loop model of teaching learning process by utilizing class attendance time, which can be a way out, with potential of delivering value- added teaching learning program to
the heterogeneous population of a class. The closed loop system of teaching learning process aims to inculcate, competitive urge, multi-tasking ability among learners, writing practice among pupils, the habit of recalling, time management practice, transformation of learner’s mind from
leisurely to the learning environment, by utilizing the unproductive time which goes waste in the course of taking attendance. This method has been experimented over the last four years, over a wide range of students and as per the feedback received from a survey, the methodology narrated
above, proved to be quite successful and the pupils have been able to figure out drastic changes in their performance through active participation in class room teaching- learning process, with improved outcome.
LANGUAGE LEARNING: THE MOTHER TONGUE MODEL
Authors: Mathew George
Published: July 2020

Language and the ability to communicate are important because of the complexities of the human interaction. Language acquisition, especially of the mother tongue is a natural process so to speak. But when it comes to the acquisition of other languages many of the learners, both the
adult and the young seems to be slow. But by using the very natural processes of the mother tongue acquisition one can overcome this difficulty. In order to understand the natural processes involved in the mother tongue learning, it is necessary to see what the four modes of language expressions
are. The four skills or modes of language expressions are listening, speaking, reading and writing. Mother tongue acquisition at least in the initial years of a person is not directly related with reading or writing. It is confined to the first two of the LSRW set, i.e. Listening and Speaking.
In the same manner an second language should also be taught. In the initial stages of the language teaching, the main focus should be on the listening and speaking skills of the learners. This applies not just to children, but also to those adult learners who are newly learning a second language.
Such kind of a language learning, which follows the patterns of the mother tongue learning process, is called as “The mother tongue model of Language learning”.
AGHA SHAHID ALI: A TRUE CHAMPION OF ENGLISH GHAZAL
Authors: Abidi S.A.R
Published: July 2020

It can be said without fear of contradiction that translation is the most widespread mode of accessing the key literary and theoretical texts from all over the world. Dante, Ghalib, Hafiz, Kafka, Tolstoy, Marquez, Rumi, Marx, Iqbal, Derrida, Julia Kristeva, Habermas, Mahasweta Devi,
Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Mohan Rakesh, Kalidas, Vidyapati, Tulidas are available to the students only in and because of translation. Literary translation is part of the larger processes of remixing and hybridization of cultures. The translation of a work not only makes that work accessible to a new
culture but also helps mend the fracture between the two cultures. Agha Shahid Ali is well known translator. Agha Shahid Ali is essentially a one-man champion of what he calls the “true ghazal”. The ghazal is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain, with each
line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. Through writing, teaching and collecting the English- language ghazal, Ali is aiming to put it on the same popular footing as
that other Asian poetic form that has jumped the East-West divide. The ghazal is an ancient Persian form of poetry and Ali uses this traditional structure to his advantage in contemplating modern life. Within the strict schema of the verse, Ali finds space to stretch his impressive linguistic
muscles. In language that is the voice of a man looking back on his life with wisdom and humour.
TO BE OR NOT TO BE.: IDEOLOGY AND PRAXIS FROM THEORY OF TRANSLATION AND ADAPTATION TO TEXTS OF HAMLET
Authors: Mukherjee Sayan
Published: July 2020

Adaptation and translation is a kind of ‘intellectual revisionism’, to use Harold Bloom.s phraseology that weaves past, present and future in one string of ‘intertextuality’. The theory of Adaptation and Translation of Master-texts as competing discourses from
classical to medieval and Renaissance to the late modern times through phases of colonialism, Imperialism and post-colonialism are one of the pivotal ideologies that focus on the text, author, reader and the historical process. In this paper, I have tried to use as a framework the body of
theories of adaptation and translation focusing on major dimensions of this ideology with specific reference to Shakespeare.s Hamlet (1601) and its select representations and analogues in the term of ‘praxis’. I have selected two modern-day post-colonial texts for the purposes
of this paper:- one is Asit Basu.s Kolkatar Hamlet (1989) and the other is Bratya Basu.s Hemlat, The Prince of Goranhata (2006) as they re-mix, re-locate and re-create Hamlet into a network of competing discourses.
PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
Authors: Roy Debanwita
Published: July 2020

According to study –Psycholinguistics or psychology of language is the study of the interrelation between linguistic factors and psychological aspects.The field is attached with psychological and neurobiological factors that help humans to acquire, use, comprehend and
produce language. The process is mainly attached with the mechanisms in which languages are processed and represented in the brain.Modern research is based on biology, neuroscience, cognitive science, linguistics, and information science. It studies in which process the brain creats language
and the known processes of social sciences, human development, communication theories and infant development among others. There are a number of techniques for studying the neurological workings of the brain. Initial forays into psycholinguistics were found in philosophical and educational
fields because of their location in departments other than applied sciences. Psycholinguistics is applicable in education and philosophy. Psycholinguistics is also useful for “cognitive processes” which generates a grammatical and meaningful sentence out of vocabulary and grammatical
structures. It helps to understand utterances, words, text, etc. Children’s ability to learn language is included in Developmental psycholinguistics studies.
Madhubani Painting as a Medium of Communication
Authors: Gaurav Prashant , Barnwal Adarsh Kumar , Pal Abhirup
Published: July 2020

Communication is an act of conveying thoughts, ideas, feelings and emotions from one entity or group to another through use of mutually understood signs and symbols. It is a medium which binds a family, society, nation, and world as a whole. There are different modes of communication
which are categorized under verbal and non-verbal communication. “A picture’s worth a thousand words” is an old saying, stresses that conveying ideas and thoughts through an art is another most efficient way to communicate. Throughout history, people have used art to communicate.
It can express religious thoughts, personal feelings, and political ideas through symbols or allegories in which each figure stands for an abstract idea. This study is an investigation of Madhubani painting as a mode of communication where it tells how each element of painting defines a massage.
Language learning Vs Language Acquisition
Authors: Chakraborty Subharup
Published: July 2020

In life, reality surrounds us. Sometimes it makes us smile, while most of the times it makes us worry and sweat. No matter how much we try to run away from it, under normal psychological conditions, it always manages to capture us. One of the harsh realities of today.s world is competition.
We are not going into the debate whether competition is good or not, or even the details of competition in school life, job market or in different realms of life. We would rather focus on a very significant portion of it: Communication. This article contains three published articles that report
on a more specific aspect of the broader topic; Communication, which is the contrast between language learning and language learning. It includes the means which hinder one to actually fall in love with learning a language and thus has to break a sweat in order to imbibe the language, and
at the same time, the reasons for which many of us are so fond of the language and hence there is no real difficulty in getting used to the ways of the particular language. It also contains the methods and the steps which should be taken, regardless by whom, in order to reduce the percentage
of simple language learning and at the same time, increase the portion of love in one.s mind for a particular language. Lastly, even though language doesn.t refer to any language in particular, this article is based on the mentioned aspects of English language.
Importance of Translation and Translation as a Means of Language Development
Authors: Saha Ankita
Published: July 2020

Translation in general terms means converting a text from one language to another. Translation plays an important role in today’s globalized world and multilingual societies in which we live in. Nowadays it is used as a means of communication, as an effective mode of learning
and practicing what is learnt. It also helps in building strong business relationship, politics etc. It’s also seen that local culture and language has the strongest effect on people than any other language. Although English is considered as the global language yet everyone prefers to
interact and communicate in their own native language. The various applications of it can be seen in the field of education, tourism, business, technology and science, literature and many more. Through this article I would like to highlight the importance of translation and how does it help
in development of language.
Smart Classroom- An Innovative Concept of Modern Education
Authors: Lall Hrithik , Biswas Sreyashi , Biswas Samapika Das
Published: July 2020

Quality education is essential in today’s competitive environment because of the rapid development of technology. The concept of “Smart Classroom” square measures a progressive methodology of education, that serves students to develop higher conceptions, educational
achievements, improved reading skills, etc. (www.vkmaheshwari.com/WP/?p=2352). The traditional approach of giving lectures and taking notes have lost its effectiveness in the modern day around education. In efforts to grow academics, it must be considered that differentiated modalities of
teaching and learning are necessary for better conceptual development. It is the responsibility of the education system to use this sort of ideas to comprehend student interests and orchestrating educational progression throughout childhood and adolescence. Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) has changed from being a technology of information & communication to a curriculum creation and transmission system for learners. With the development of technologies, new strategies of teaching are being introduced in the curriculum, one of which is known as “Smart
Classroom” It uses instructional material, 3D animated modules and videos to make students understand. Nowadays, students are excited at this idea of innovation and interactive learning method. The Smart Learning approach provides people of all ages a framework
and a bunch of Smart Thinking Tools that encourage higher levels of understanding and innovative ideas (www.vkmaheshwari.com/WP/?p=2352). Structured talks and assessment as and for learning are fastidiously woven into the method to create a thoughtful context for learning and to advance the
thinking of all learners. Both teachers and students are working on “Smart Education” projects for more development of the concept. In today’s education system “Smart Classroom” concept is a great innovation and one-stop resource for students needing
analysis and technology. Nowadays, both teachers and students have become technology inclined, students adapt to new technologies or concepts very quickly, which helps them in the professional world. Smart devices like cameras, projectors, remotes are technologies that result in a lot of engaged
learning for students and adaptation to a spread of learning designs (www.vkmaheshwari.com/WP/?p=2352). The concept of “Smart Classroom” has not only made education interesting but it created a great platform for students to enhance their performance. Besides this, it helps
students to understand the concept faster than verbal or written notes because visual concepts help them to understand the thing more clearly and easily.
Accents as Barriers in Speaking English
Authors: Hira Shewli
Published: July 2020

This paper studies how socio-cultural factors are responsible for excluding English Language Learners in academia for being carriers of regional accents which reflect their marginalized backgrounds. Most research materials that are related to English Language Learning deals with either
teachers being responsible for not being able to teach or that students are not motivated enough to read, learn and speak English. A lot of material is also available to teach the teachers the techniques of teaching or teach the students the techniques of learning English. A majority of the
studies have said little about the socio-cultural factors excluding students from learning in the academia. In my study, I have tried to point out this subtle factor as the major reason intimidating learning.
Comparison of the severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetic and non-diabetic obese patients
Authors: OTT-FONTES PAULO ROBERTO , DIEDRICH NETO JOÃO ALFREDO , GOLDONI MARCOS BERTOZZI
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease presents a broad spectrum of histopathological alterations, from steatosis to liver cirrhosis. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) present increased incidence and severity of NAFLD. Objective: determine the prevalence and severity of NAFLD in diabetic and non-diabetic obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Method: the evaluation of liver biopsies was carried out through NAFLD activity score (NAS) in order to evaluate degree of hepatic steatosis, presence of ballooning, inflammatory activity and degree of fibrosis. Results: a total of 154 patients who have undergone bariatric surgery with intraoperative biopsy were observed and divided into two BMI ranges: from 35 to 44.9 and from 45 to 54.9. 32 (20.8%) from 154 patients were diabetic and 122 (79.2%) were non-diabetic. Patients with DM were significantly older than patients without the disease, presenting 41.29 ± 9.40 years vs 36.71 ± 10.13 years in the group with BMI of 35 to 44.9 (p=0.049); and 45.13 ± 7.10 years vs 37.00 ± 9.24 years in the group with BMI of 45 to 54.9 (p=0.024). In the histological evaluation, patients with DM from the BMI group of 35 to 44.9 had a strong association with higher prevalence and severity of steatosis, balloning, inflammation, fibrosis and steatohepatitis. Conclusion: the present study confirms the high prevalence of NAFLD in patients with Morbid Obesity. Prevalence and severity increase proportionally to BMI and who have DM as comorbidity.
Surgical cancer care in the COVID-19 era: front line views and consensus
Authors: PINHEIRO RODRIGO NASCIMENTO , COIMBRA FELIPE J.F. , COSTA-JR WILSON LUIZ DA , RIBEIRO HEBER SALVADOR DE CASTRO , RIBEIRO REITAN , WAINSTEIN ALBERTO JULIUS ALVES , LAPORTE GUSTAVO ANDREAZZA , COELHO-JR MANOEL JESUS PINHEIRO , FERNANDES PAULO HENRIQUE DE SOUSA , CORDEIRO EDUARDO ZANELLA , SARMENTO BRUNO JOSÉ QUEIROZ , GUIMARAES-FILHO MARCO ANTONIO C , ANGHINONI MARCIANO , BAIOCCHI GLAUCO , OLIVEIRA ALEXANDRE FERREIRA
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to suggest a script for surgical oncology assistance in COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Method: a narrative review and a “brainstorming” consensus were carried out after discussion with more than 350 Brazilian specialists and renowned surgeons from Portugal, France, Italy and United States of America. Results: consensus on testing for COVID-19: 1- All patients to be operated should be tested between 24 and 48 before the procedure; 2- The team that has contact with sick or symptomatic patients should be tested; 3 - Chest tomography was suggested to investigate pulmonary changes. Consensus on protection of care teams: 1 - Use of surgical masks inside the hospitals. Use of N95 masks for all professionals in the operating room; 2 - Selection of cases for minimally invasive surgery and maximum pneumoperitoneal aspiration before removal of the surgical specimen; 2 - Optimization of the number of people in teams, with a minimum number of professionals, reducing their occupational exposure, the consumption of protective equipment and the circulation of people in the hospital environment; 3 - Isolation of contaminated patients. Priority consensus: 1- Construction of service priorities; 2 - Interdisciplinary discussion on minimally invasive or conventional pathways. Conclusion: the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (BSSO) suggests a script for coping with oncological treatment, remembering that the impoundment in the assistance of these cases, can configure a new wave of overload in health systems.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIAS ACADÊMICAS NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: A PRÁTICA DOCENTE EM FOCO
Authors: POLONIA ANA DA COSTA , SANTOS MARIA DE FÁTIMA SOUZA
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: O artigo caracteriza as representações sociais sobre o desenvolvimento de competências acadêmicas, no ensino superior, e os reflexos nas práticas pedagógicas. Foram entrevistados 12 professores de uma instituição do Distrito Federal, e as análises realizadas pelo software IRaMuTeQ geraram três classes: (a) enfoque na realização da tarefa (tecnólogo); (b) papel formativo do educador (licenciatura); e (c) práticas direcionadas ao desenvolvimento do aluno (bacharelado). Os resultados apontam que os docentes desenvolvem suas práticas considerando o seu habitat profissional, retratando ações ligadas à futura atividade laboral quanto à realização e à operacionalização das tarefas (tecnólogo); na licenciatura, observa-se a articulação entre conhecimentos, valores e atuação ética em uma perspectiva humanista no processo formativo; e no bacharelado, a construção de saberes pelos estudantes, no domínio de conhecimentos e atuação profissional. As representações sociais ressaltam a diversidade de práticas alicerçadas nas áreas de atuação docente, revelando mundos próximos e em conexão com a futura atividade profissional.
A COORDENAÇÃO FEDERATIVA DO MEC NO ÂMBITO DO PAR: SINAIS DE ARRANJOS E REGRAS DE DECISÃO PARA A GESTÃO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: ALMEIDA EMMANUELLE ARNAUD , CABRAL NETO ANTONIO
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: O artigo busca compreender a dinâmica de compartilhamento do poder na interdependência entre os entes federados, com foco na análise do papel do MEC enquanto coordenador da política educacional relativa ao Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR). A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, baseando-se em análise documental e de conteúdo de entrevistas semiestruturadas, organizada por meio de categorias temáticas, com a elaboração de rede semântica. Discute-se que o MEC atua para instituir a cultura de planejamento, prestar um atendimento unificado e induzir demandas. Em contrapartida, releva-se a existência de fragmentação das ações e de deficiências na resposta aos Municípios. Conclui-se que o MEC deve trabalhar para elevar o nível de conhecimento processual dos Municípios e resolver as fragilidades de seus próprios processos gerenciais.
Analisando ementas curriculares usando redes complexas
Authors: Pinto Suzane F. , Ferreira Ronan S.
Published: July 2020

Resumo Analisamos as grades curriculares do ciclo básico das engenharias em nosso instituto usando ferramentas da física estatística de redes complexas. Naturalmente, uma grade curricular estrutura-se em forma de rede (ordenamento temporal e pré-requisitos). Nessa abordagem, cada tópico dentro de uma ementa é associado a um nó que, por sua vez, são conectados por links que representam a dependência de um certo tema para a compreensão de um outro, em uma disciplina diferente. Como uma grade curricular é uma estrutura tempo-dependente, evoluindo semestre após semestre, propomos um modelo simples para assinalar ligações entre pares de nós levando em conta apenas dois ingredientes do processo de ensino-aprendizagem: a recursividade e o acúmulo de conhecimentos. Como já conhecemos nossas grades curriculares, nosso primeiro objetivo é verificar se o modelo proposto é capaz de capturar as particularidades de cada uma delas e identificar as implicações que diferentes sequenciamentos do setor de física possam ter no aprendizado dos estudantes. Nosso modelo pode ser usado como uma ferramenta sistemática auxiliando na construção de uma grade curricular interdisciplinar, articulando entre os saberes das disciplinas iniciais da graduação em ciências exatas.
Comparison of the effect of two internal fixation methods for proximal clavicle fractures
Authors: Xu Haining , Nie Yan , Han Lifang , Li Liang , Sui Haitao
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of two internal fixation methods in the treatment of proximal clavicle fractures. METHODS Fifty patients with proximal clavicle fractures received surgical treatment. They were divided into a clavicular T-plate group and a double mini-plates group. The duration of the operation, blood loss during the operation, fracture healing time, and incision infection were evaluated between the two groups. RESULTS Operation time (t=2.063, P=0.058), intraoperative bleeding (t=1.979, P=0.062), and fracture healing time (t=1.082, P=0.066) were not statistically significant in the two groups. The patients were followed up for 12-18 months; one patient in the T-plate group had early removal of nails, but no clinical symptoms. At the 2-month follow-up, the ASES score in the double mini-plates group was significantly better than in the T-plate group (P<0.001); but at the 6-month follow-up, 1-week before removal of internal fixation and the final follow-up, the two groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both internal fixations have similar clinical results in the duration of operation, blood loss during the operation, and fracture healing time. The double mini-plates fixation presents advantages by reducing complications and speeding fracture healing; thus it is a more effective method to treat proximal clavicle fractures.
Ectopic ureter associated with Zinner’s syndrome in a kidney recipient: case report and literature review
Authors: Tuncer Korhan , Kilinc Gizem , Sert Ismail , Akpinar Goksever , Tugmen Cem
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Zinner’s Syndrome is a triad of mesonephric duct anomalies comprising unilateral renal agenesis, seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. In this study, we present a kidney recipient with ectopic ureter associated with Zinner’s syndrome and a literature review. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old male with a history of chronic kidney disease and left renal agenesis underwent deceased donor kidney transplantation. After securing optimal renal functions, the patient underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan for the seroma that occurred under the incision. The final diagnosis was an ectopic distal ureter ending in the seminal vesicle cyst’s wall and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The patient was discharged without any complications and the clinical follow up was uneventful. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Congenital seminal vesicle disorders are usually associated with ipsilateral urinary duct anomalies stemming from the same embryonic structure. To our knowledge, this is the first case report that describes kidney transplantation in a patient with ipsilateral renal agenesis and ectopic ureter ending in the seminal vesicle cyst. In patients with renal agenesis, during the ipsilateral urinary tract anastomosis, the possibility of ectopic ureter should be kept in mind otherwise graft loss can occur with a high morbidity rate.
Debaixo do Tapete: A Violência Política de Gênero e o Silêncio do Conselho de Ética da Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Pinho Tássia Rabelo de
Published: July 2020

Resumo: O debate sobre a violência contra as mulheres na política tem ganhado força em âmbito internacional. No Brasil, entretanto, esta se mantém invisibilizada, mesmo diante de casos emblemáticos que seguem se multiplicando. Considerando tal lacuna no debate acadêmico e também social, as denúncias realizadas por parlamentares mulheres em relação aos abusos sofridos no Congresso Nacional, e casos amplamente noticiados pela mídia que se enquadrariam na tipologia de violência política de gênero apresentada neste artigo, buscou-se compreender o papel exercido pelo Conselho de Ética e Decoro da Câmara dos Deputados diante de representações abertas em função de denúncias de violência política de gênero. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio do levantamento da participação das mulheres no referido Conselho, e da análise dos encaminhamentos dados às denúncias supracitadas.
FIGHTING COVID-19 IN SALVADOR: cooperation and conflict in intergovernmental relationship
Authors: Pereira Carla Galvão , Arantes Rafael de Aguiar
Published: July 2020

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to analyze the intergovernmental relationship between the Government of the State of Bahia and the Municipality of Salvador, and the measures put in place by these entities to fight COVID-19. This paper also reflects on the Federal Government’s relationship with the federative units during the fight against the pandemic. It analyzes the extent to which intergovernmental relations are based on verticalization, cooperation or conflict. The paper concludes that, despite being led by politicians from groups and parties that are historically antagonistic, the governments of the State of Bahia and the city of Salvador have been adjusting actions and cooperating among themselves to implement policies to face the health crisis. Going in a completely different direction, the Federal Government of Brazil is building relationships with federal state governors characterized by verticalization attempts and conflicts.
Pandemics, cities and Public Health
Authors: Gouveia Nelson , Kanai Claudio
Published: July 2020

Abstract Public Health and urban planning, which were once strongly connected, now go separately and are practically united only in sanitation policies. New and old health threats brought by urbanization and highlighted by the current pandemic emphasized the close relationship between health and the urban environment. Measures to control the current SARS-Cov-2 pandemic resulted in cleaner urban environments, particularly with lower levels of air pollution in many cities due to drastic reduction in economic activity and mobility patterns. COVID-19 is also related to air pollution by possibly increasing susceptibility to infection and the lethality of the disease. Both aspects are discussed in view of the recent literature and empirical data for the city of Sao Paulo. In preparing for the post-pandemic, health should be back at the center of decisions regarding urban life and urban planning and Public Health re-connected.
INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN A WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIAN CITY
Authors: Dalamaria Tatiane , Pinto Wagner de Jesus , Farias Edson dos Santos , Souza Orivaldo Florencio de
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze the prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction in a sample of high school adolescents in Acre, a state in northern Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,387 adolescents between 14 and 18 years old enrolled in high schools in the city of Rio Branco, Acre. A structured questionnaire with questions about demographics, family and behavioral patterns was applied. Internet addiction was verified using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), with a cutoff equal to or greater than 70 points. The associated factors were identified by multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The overall prevalence of Internet addiction was 10.6%. Higher dependence was observed in females. The factors associated with Internet addiction were being female, using the computer for more than two hours a day during weekdays and on the weekend, not practicing physical activities and going out to dance at nightclubs and concerts at least once a month. A protective association of reading habits in relation to Internet dependence was observed. Conclusions: The present study showed a high prevalence of Internet dependence, with female adolescents being more susceptible. Behavioral aspects were associated with internet dependence in a sample of adolescents from Rio Branco, Acre.