bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing SCR Switching Performance of Gas Drilling Rigs in Humid Climates Using Sensor and Relay-Based Control Circuitry with Failure Prevention and Warning Feedback Methodology
Authors: Islam Muhammad Shefaul , Islam Md. Samin Safayat , Jaman Asif
Published: October 2024

Bangladesh’s economic ascent, marked by robust GDP growth fueled by investments across diverse industries, hinges significantly on the deployment of modern automatic process control technologies. Among these technologies, silicon-controlled rectifiers SCRs play a pivotal role, particularly in critical sectors such as petroleum, chemicals, and manufacturing. However, the nation’s tropical climate, with its soaring humidity levels, presents a formidable challenge to the reliability of SCRs. This research endeavors to unravel the intricate interplay between humidity and SCRs performance within Bangladesh’s industrial landscape. The primary objectives encompass the prevention of SCR failure, enhancement of circuitry performance, and development of a humidity variation warning system. Strategies will be explored to mitigate humidity-induced issues and improve overall SCR reliability based on real-time data collected from the oil drilling plants. Additionally, innovative approaches will be devised to bolster circuitry performance, addressing the unique challenges posed by humid environments. Furthermore, a sophisticated warning system will be engineered to detect fluctuations in humidity levels, enabling proactive intervention to avert SCR failures. By addressing these challenges head-on, this research seeks to fortify Bangladesh’s industrial ecosystem against the vagaries of humidity, fostering resilience, sustainability, and productivity in the face of dynamic environmental conditions in power supply system.
Fiscal Policy from Keynes to Lucas
Authors: en H , Kaya Ay
Published: October 2024

There are two crucial turning points in the history of modern macroeconomics. The first is the period from the 1940s to the 1970s, during which Keynesian Macroeconomics was the domi¬nant theory. The second turning point is the emergence of New Classical Macroeconomics in the early 1970s, which became the prevailing paradigm from the 1980s onwards and still holds significant influence today. The aim of this paper is to analyze the transformation of discretionary economic policies in general and fiscal policy in particular, in the process from the Keynesian revolution to the Lucasian revolution.
Evolution of Home Ownership of Households in Turkey
Authors: an Kurma , lu Evren , lu Ayt
Published: October 2024

Home ownership rate has been declining steadily since 2004. This decrease is remarkable during a period when the construction sector is growing and that growth is reflected to the house sales. In this study, the reasons behind the decline in the home ownership rate are examined with descriptive statistics and econometric analysis using data from Household Budget Survey. The results show that the probability of home ownership of households is positively related to income level and age and negatively related to price-income ratio, price-rent ratio as well as female household head. On the other hand, when the responsiveness of home ownership to interest rate is analyzed by group of income levels of households, it is observed that households in the upper income level quintile are more responsive to interest rates than those in the lower income level quintile. This indicates that some of the house purchases may be made by the upper income level group for investment purposes and that households in low-middle income level quintiles are not sensitive to interest rates. In other words, the surge observed in house sales in recent years cannot be observed in home ownership rates. Therefore, it is believed that policies such as increasing the income assurance and public housing projects where the down payment and monthly payments are kept low, will be beneficial in order to increase the home ownership of low and middle income groups of households.
NATIONAL DEFENCE EXPENDITURES, INTERNAL SECURITY EXPENDITURES AND REAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Ouseibai Seperegha , Tombofa Stephen
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the influence of government defence and security expenditures on economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series data for the period 1981-2021. The study used government recurrent and capital defence expenditures, and as well as government recurrent and capital internal security expenditures as the main explanatory variables. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag approach was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that the shares of government recurrent defence expenditures in GDP and recurrent internal security expenditures in GDP had negative and insignificant impact on economic growth. The share of government capital defence expenditure in GDP had positive and insignificant impact on economic growth. Similarly, the share of government capital internal security expenditures in GDP had a positive but insignificant impact on economic growth. The study recommends that government should encourage the adequate implementation of the budgetary provision for defence and internal security expenditures, and also that government should device a means to technologically monitor the disbursement of funds for national defence and internal security in the fight against the security challenges.
Effect of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cucurbita maxima seed on fasting blood glucose in alloxan-induced rats
Authors: Muchirah Peninah , Waihenya Rebecca , Muya Shadrack , Makokha Anselimo , Laila Abubakar , Mogaka Simeon , Ozwara Hastings
Published: October 2024

Diabetes is a chronic disorder marked by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and insufficient insulin action, or both. Synthetic antidiabetic drugs available on the market are associated with severe effects, necessitating the need for alternative antidiabetic drugs. This investigation aimed to determine the antidiabetic potential and phytochemical profiles of aqueous and ethanol seed extracts of Cucurbita maxima. The seeds of C. maxima were airdried, milled, and extracted using distilled water and ethanol. The antidiabetic effect of the extracts was performed using Wistar rats weighing 160-180 g. Thirty-five rats were assigned to 7 groups: non-diabetic (control), diabetic, glibenclamide-treated, and aqueous or ethanol extract-treated (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight). Alloxan monohydrate was used to induce experimental diabetes. The treatments were orally administered for 28 days. Blood glucose levels and histopathological analysis were performed. The phytochemical screening was conducted utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). In diabetic rats, the effects of the two extracts revealed a substantial reduction in levels of fasting blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting an antidiabetic effect. The histopathological analysis revealed the restoration of pancreatic β-cells by the extracts. The LC-MS analysis identified phytocompounds in the extracts belonging to classes of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids that are associated with antidiabetic effects. Interestingly, the ethanol extract had a better antidiabetic effect compared to the aqueous extract. In conclusion, the aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. maxima seed possess phytocompounds that can be used to develop novel antidiabetic agents with less severe effects.
The distribution of allele frequencies of the 15 Short Tandem Repeats loci in Elaziğ population, Türkiye
Authors: Aksoy Aziz , r Mehmet , Konar Vahit
Published: October 2024

The DNA within the Human Genome involves loci with high polymorphism such as short tandem repeats (STR). The STR polymorphism analysis is extensively used for numerous purposes such as identification studies in forensic sciences, paternity tests, genome mapping, and population studies. In this study, blood and swab samples were obtained from 200 unrelated healthy individuals living in Elazig province. DNA was amplified via the AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems, USA) to analyze the 15 STR loci. Using the ABI PRISM310 Genetic Analyzer capillary electrophoresis, the samples were analyzed and the allelic ladder was used to compare and identify the alleles of the samples, the distribution of the allele frequencies and peak values were examined. For statistical analysis Arlequin v.3.11 and PowerStats v.1.2 were used to assess the data. To determine if the allele frequencies were compatible with the Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium, the Markov chain and the Fisher's exact test p-value (p<0.05) were examined. It was determined that the D8S1179 (0.00002), D21S11 (0.00593) and vWA (0.04939) loci were not compatible with the HW equilibrium, but the rest of the loci were compatible. For the loci, the combined power of exclusion is 0.9999995, the combined power of discrimination is 0.9999999999998. The probability of matching for the 15 STR loci was calculated to be 1 in 1.364x10ˉ17. The power of discrimination was quite high when all the loci were considered. The results of this study indicate that the populations residing in the Elaziğ province may benefit from paternity testing, forensic identification, and genomic mapping using the data as an appropriate marker.
Investigation of glenoid fossa roof thickness in patients with and without TMJ disorders in a Turkish Subpopulation
Authors: Altun Oguzhan , Sobi Elif , Dedeoglu Numan
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the minimum thickness of the glenoid fossa (GFMT), the discontinuity of the roof of the glenoid fossa, and degenerative bone changes (DBC) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and to compare these findings between the patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) and patients witout TMD. CBCT images of 72 patients with TMD and 72 patients with non-TMD were evaluated for DBC and GMFC in the TMJ. The obtained data were compared between TMD group and non-TMD group, between DBC group and non-DBC group and between genders. Chi-square, fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the data. The frequency of DBC was statistically different between the TMD group (79.2%) and non-TMD group (55.6%) (p=0.000). There was no statistical difference in the GFMT between in the TMD group (0.873 mm) and non-TMD group (0.853 mm). GFMT was statistically higher in DBC group (0.92 mm) compared to non-DBC group (0.738 mm) (p<0.05). There were no statistical differences between all groups for fossa discontuniuty and nutrition canal (p>0.05). The mean GFMT was found to be statistically higher in males than in females (p<0.05). Moreover, in the TMD group, the mean GFMT was found to be statistically higher in males than in females (p<0.05). The frequency of DBC was higher in TMD group than in non-TMD group. While TMD status had no effect on GFMT, it was found that GFMT increased in the presence of DBC. It was found that TMD and DBC had no effect on glenoid fossa discontinuity.
Plant improvement and metabolite production in Cannabis sativa: Recent biotechnological advances
Authors: Ahsan S , Hoque Md , kumar Ashim , Shaffique Shifa , Rahman Md , Choi Hyong
Published: October 2024

The Cannabis sativa plant is an excellent source of metabolites, fiber, and medicinal properties. Phytocannabinoids are the secondary metabolites naturally derived from Cannabis plant species. These metabolites are promising and can be used in producing phytomedicine or plant-based therapeutics. However, many of these compounds are produced in low quantities across different Cannabis species. To solve this limitation, in vitro, biotechnological methods offer promising solutions for enhancing the production of secondary metabolites in Cannabis. This review highlights the biotechnological approaches for enhancing Cannabis secondary metabolite production through in vitro plant improvement techniques such as plant regeneration, elicitor-responsive metabolite induction, polyploidy manipulation, protoplast culture, bioreactor-based hairy root culture, genetic transformation, and genome editing. These biotechnological approaches might be useful for improving Cannabis plants and increasing plant capacity to produce potential metabolites. These phytochemical and bioactive compounds found in Cannabis species could be used as alternative resources for pharmaceutical and industrial production.
The Healing Power of the Ocean : the Positive Effects of Ocean Environments on Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Ising Anja , Kerényi Zsófia , Becker Mariana , Tomićević-Dubljević Jelena , Lidfors Lena , Pálsdóttir Anna María
Published: October 2024

The international master’s program, Outdoor Environments for Health and Well-Being, leads to a Master of Science degree specializing in environmental psychology. The program covers health-promoting outdoor environments throughout the lifespan, evidence-based health design, occupational aspects, and the One Health concept. One of the courses offered is Nature and Animal-Assisted Interventions (MP0009), which focuses on occupations, occupational performance, and values performed with natural elements and/or animals in indoor or outdoor settings, i.e., a place independent occupational performances for health promotion. This fact sheet is a final assignment of the student´s work, presented at the NAAI course conference in 2024.
Anxiety, depression, and family dysfunction among COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital and isolation facilities in the Philippines
Authors: Tabios Ian Kim , Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus , Limpoco Anna Guia , Domingo Gabriele Dominique , Ornos Eric David , Apostol-Nicodemus Leilanie
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 patients are prone to developing psychosocial distress during and after admission to healthcare facilities. This prospective cohort study determined the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and family dysfunction among COVID-19 patients discharged from health facilities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Data was collected through phone interviews with COVID-19 patients two weeks and eight weeks after discharge. The questionnaires were based on validated tools such as HADS-P for screening anxiety and depression symptoms and Filipino Family APGAR and SCREEM Family resources survey for the perceived family function and resource, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Factors associated with anxiety, depression, and family function were analyzed using logistic regression. Approximately 31.6% (23.8 – 40.2%) presented with anxiety symptoms, and 12.0% (7.3 – 18.4%) had depression symptoms two weeks after being discharged from COVID-19 infection. From two weeks after discharge, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms decreased to 19.8%, while depression increased to 13.5% eight weeks after discharge. The percentage of patients with a perceived moderate family dysfunction was 12.8% at two weeks and most inadequate resources for the patients. The patient's anxiety was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.034) and moderately inadequate family resources (p = 0.034). Depression most inadequate resources for the patients. The patient's anxiety was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.034) and moderately inadequate family resources (p = 0.034). Depression was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.020) and low income (p = 0.036). This is one of the first studies to determine how COVID-19 infection affects the mental health status of Filipino patients. The study’s results highlight the importance of holistic care for COVID-19 patients and the need to include mental health in the management of COVID-19 patients.
Nasir Shehzad as a Preface Writer
Authors: Kamran Dr Nasir , Dr Majid Mushtaq
Published: October 2024

Nasir Shehzad is a notable literary figure of the 20th century. He wrote down many books: “Kon Dais Gyo,” “Pukarti Rahee Bansi, andd "Ban Bas." He not only wrote the prefaces of his own books but also the books of his contemporaries. Nasir Shehzad creates a unique pleasure with his style of narration in the prefaces. The book and the author are introduced by him in a good manner. In these prefaces, a glimpse of his literature, ideas, and personality is also seen. He has written prefaces only on poetry genres. Along with songs, ghazals, and poems in these poetry genres, he has shed light on the tradition and narration of coffee and couplets in the form of a preface. The main purpose of the preface is to make the contents of the book clear in such a way that the person interested in the subject is drawn to read it because it makes the outline of the book clear to the reader, which makes the reader interested in the study. The prefaces of Nasir Shahzad meet this standard to a great extent. In this article, effort is made to analyze his preface writing in detail.
Reference:
1. Ibadat Barelvi, Dr., Compiler, Qadar Abdul Haq (Extended Edition), Lahore: Urdu Center, 1964, p. 862. All Ahmad Surur, Professor, What is criticism, Karachi: Urdu Academy Sindh, Sun Darhad, p. 7.1963. Nasir Shehzad, Bin Bas, p. 7. 364. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, Preface (Lyric Setting of Gita Geet) by Nasir Shahzad, Karachi: Pakistan Writers Guild Sindh,2006, p.:175. Also, p. 2.116. Also, p. 157. Tahir Saeed Haroon, Dr., Megh Malhar, Foreword: Megh Malhar and her First Phuwar by Nasir Shahzad, Lahore: Sang-e-Mail Publi.cations, 700 2, p. 58. Jameel Azimabadi, Doha Sansar, Foreword: Gyan Darpan by Nasir Shahzad Contents: Doha Sansar, Karachi: Rashid Publications,2004, pp. 1-209. Shaukat Hashmi, Hal Dhamaal, Foreword: Nasir Shehzad, Lahore: Al-Hamd Publications, 1995, p. 510. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yaar Da Vihra, Preface: Punjabi Kafi An Additional Case by Nasir Shahzad, Okara:Sound-e-Hadi Sheikho Sharif Institute, 2009, pp. 27-811. Javed Batsh, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, Preface: Musafat-e-Shib-Tab by Nasir Shehzad, Sahiwal: Tamehol Publications, 2002, p. 1612. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yar Da Vehra, p. 2813. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, p. 1614. Jameel Azeemabadi, Doha Sansar, Preface: Gyan Darpan by Nasir Shahzad, including Doha Sansar, p. 2015. Abid Ali Abid, Syed, Style, Lahore: Sangmail Publications, 2001, p. 6016. All Ahmad Suroor, Professor, Visions and Ideas (Prose Style), New Delhi: New Delhi Maktaba Jamia Limited, 1973, p. 4917. Moinuddin Aqeel, Dr., Pakistani Ghazal, Formative Period Attitudes and Trends, Karachi: Abul Kalam Azad Research Institute, 1997, p. 10718. Tahir Saeed Haroon, Dr., Megh Malhar, p. 1219. Nasir Shehzad, Who Des Gayo (Backflap) by Joginder Pal20. Ahmad Umar Sharif, Gita Geet, p. 1621. Javed Batish, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, p. 2022. Afzal Hussain Geelani, Syed, Kafi A Yar Da Vihra, p. 2723. Ibid, p. 2124. Ibid, p. 2525. Javed Batish, Dr., Dreams of Waking Eyes, p. 13.4
Trifurcação da artéria coronária esquerda: relato de caso
Authors: Pimenta Helder Bindá , Ferreira Jéssica dos Reis Lima , Vieira Larissa da Silva , Lizana Nancy Fiorella Raymondi , Oliveira Rafael Pinto Martins de , Everton Sonaira Castro , Torres Julia Kalene Saraiva , Pinheiro Fábio Rodrigo da Silva , Silva Ana Carolina Maia de Sequeira e , Salem Samanete Travessos Silva , Quércia Bárbara Oliveira , Assad Michele Maia , Rebouças Rafael Costa , Arce Ayslan Barros , Lima Natália Barroso
Published: October 2024

A artéria coronária esquerda normalmente se divide em dois ramos principais: o ramo interventricular anterior e o ramo circunflexo. No entanto, além desse padrão de ramificação comum, podem ser observados outros padrões, com ramos adicionais conhecidos como ramos intermédios. Este estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de trifurcação da artéria coronária esquerda, observado durante uma dissecção rotineira em um coração do laboratório de anatomia humana da UEA. Durante a exposição dos vasos coronários, foi identificada a trifurcação da coronária esquerda. Para uma análise mais detalhada, foi realizada a morfometria do ramo intermédio utilizando um paquímetro digital, registrando-se medidas de 1,8 mm de diâmetro, 39,2 mm de comprimento e uma distância de 14,2 mm da origem da artéria coronária esquerda. Embora a bifurcação seja o padrão de ramificação mais comum da artéria coronária esquerda, a presença de um ramo intermédio, mesmo que menos frequente, destaca a complexidade e a diversidade anatômica dessas estruturas. A literatura sugere que, apesar de geralmente não causarem efeitos hemodinâmicos adversos, variações como o ramo intermédio podem, em certos casos, estar associadas a um risco aumentado de aterosclerose e eventos isquêmicos.
Penerapan senam aerobic low impact dalam mengontrol risiko perilaku kekerasan: Sebuah studi kasus
Authors: Riyanda Teuku , Dineva R Farah , Alfiandi Rudi
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Risiko perilaku kekerasan merupakan kondisi dimana suatu keadaan seseorang melakukan tindakan yang dapat membahayakan baik secara fisik kepada diri sendiri maupun orang lain. Sehingga seseorang dengan risiko perilaku kekerasan cenderung menunjukkan perubahan perilaku seperti mengancam, gelisah, dan agresif. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dengan risiko perilaku kekerasan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus yaitu dengan penerapan strategi pelaknaan selama 2 hari dimana hari pertama diberikan strategi pelaksanaan 1 dan 2 kemudian di hari kedua diberikan strategi pelaksanaan 3 dan 4, pada hari selanjutnya diberikan intervensi senam aerobic low impact selama 4 hari terdiri dari 4 sesi yang dilakukan dengan durasi selama 15-30 menit pada tiap pertemuan. Hasil: Setelah menerapkan strategi pelaksanaan dan terapi senam aerobic low impact ditemukan adanya penurunan tanda-tanda dari risiko perilaku kekerasan dari sebelum diberikan strategi pelaksanaan dan terapi senam aerobic low impact yaitu mata tidak lagi melotot, intonasi bicara rendah dan tangan tidak  mengepal, dan setelah diberikan strategi pelaksanaan dan terapi senam aerobic low impact tanda tanda dari risiko perilaku kekerasan itu menurun. Kesimpulan: Pemberian intervensi strategi pelaksanaan dan senam aerobic low impact mampu menurunkan tanda dan gejala risiko perilaku kekerasan.
New Teachers’ Perceptions of Induction: Insights Into Principled Practices
Authors: Cherubini Lorenzo
Published: October 2024

Successfully inducting new teachers creates professional alliances to sustain learning organizational cultures. This research involved 30 beginning teachers from a large school board in southern Ontario. The theoretical frame of the study consists of a mixed qualitative data analysis methodology of grounded theory and discourse analysis. The findings elaborate on the value of induction programs that are modeled on individual differentiation according to teachers’ unique capacities. The new teachers who benefited most from their induction were those who were part of school cultures that integrated their professional development in meaningful endeavors. New teachers readily shared their self-declared accomplishments in induction experiences wherein they resolved their dilemmas through critical reflection and professional collaboration.
Alcance del principio de legalidad en la regulación del plazo de prescripción de las sanciones en el orden social.
Authors: Molina Gutiérrez Susana
Published: October 2024

En la sentencia comentada se analiza por la Sala Cuarta cuál ha de ser el plazo de prescripción aplicable a las sanciones muy graves del orden social, si el de tres años establecido con carácter general por el ordenamiento contencioso administrativo en el artículo 30 de la Ley 40/2015 de 1 de octubre, de Régimen Jurídico del Sector Público para las sanciones muy graves, o por el contrario el fijado en el artículo 7.3 del RD 928/1998 de 14 de mayo, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento general sobre procedimientos para la imposición de sanciones por infracciones de orden social y para los expedientes liquidatorios de cuotas de la Seguridad Social.

In the judgment commented on, the Fourth Chamber analyses what the limitation period for very serious social sanctions should be, whether the three-year period established by the contentious-administrative system in Article 30 of Law 40/2015 of 1 October, on the Legal Regime of the Public Sector for very serious sanctions, or the one established by article 7.3 of RD 928/1998 of 14 May, which approves the General Regulations on procedures for the imposition of sanctions for social infractions and for the settlement of Social Security contributions.
The role of positive thinking in overcoming stress a cognitive-behavioural approach
Authors: Diachkova Olha , Yeremenko Larysa , Donets Ivan , Klymenko Ivan , Kononenko Anatoliy
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the role of positive thinking in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for treating psychological disorders. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing use of CBT in psychotherapeutic practice and the need for a better understanding of its effectiveness, including the role of positive thinking. This work highlights the importance of positive thinking in promoting mental health and well-being. It argues that positive thinking is a practical tool for developing adaptive cognitive strategies, rather than an unattainable ideal. In CBT, positive thinking is not just about replacing negative thoughts with positive ones, but is a component of a comprehensive approach to re-evaluating an individual's experience. Such an approach contributes to the formation of a more realistic and adaptive perception of oneself and the world. The main methods and techniques of CBT, including cognitive restructuring and behavioral experiments, utilize positive thinking as a tool for correcting destructive thoughts and behaviors. This article discusses different perspectives on the effectiveness of positive thinking in CBT, weighing the arguments for and against its potential limitations. It contributes to improving an individual's psychological well-being and developing psychological resilience, which enables more effective coping with life challenges and stresses. However, to achieve maximum effectiveness, the application of positive thinking must be closely integrated with a comprehensive treatment strategy that considers the individual needs and characteristics of each client. This approach requires a profound understanding of the mechanisms of cognitive distortions and their impact on a person's emotional state.
Diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia - a review article
Authors: Fadelelmoula Tarig Eltoum Yagoub
Published: October 2024

This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature on recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP). A thorough review of relevant literature was conducted. Data were sourced from electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Medline, focusing on articles published within the last ten years. The review included 41 articles. The diagnosis of PCP has evolved with the development of molecular techniques, advanced imaging modalities, and artificial intelligence models. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) remains the mainstay of treatment. Corticosteroid adjunctive therapy (CAT) has demonstrated efficacy in improving outcomes, while emerging research suggests a potential role for immunomodulatory agents. Chemoprophylaxis with TMP-SMX remains the main stay of prevention in populations at risk. Despite advances in diagnostic technologies, treatment options for PCP have largely remained unchanged. There are currently no vaccines, and chemoprophylaxis remains the mainstay of prevention. Practical Immediate treatment is essential. New ELISA techniques are viable, while real-time PCR proves superior to nested PCR. Clinical judgment plays a critical role in supporting laboratory diagnoses. High-resolution CT scans may be warranted for evaluating immunosuppressed patients with suspected pneumonia when chest X-rays appear normal. Radiomics can assist in distinguishing PCP from other types of pneumonia in non-HIV patients. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole remains the preferred treatment, with alternative options including dapsone with trimethoprim, clindamycin with primaquine, atovaquone, or pentamidine. Corticosteroid adjunct therapy (CAT) is beneficial in treating PCP, and chemoprophylaxis is essential for high-risk populations.
Fostering Pragmatic Proficiency: The Influence of Explicit Instruction on Plurilingual EFL Learners’ Mastery of Hedging Devices in Canadian Academic Writing Context
Authors: Jafary Mohamadreza , Wu Joyce , Dashtaki Nasrin Abbasi
Published: October 2024

Hedging academic claims is a crucial aspect of scholarly writing that presents challenges for many non-native English-speaking academic authors. Scholars, such as Hyland (2021), have emphasized the vital role of explicit instructional interventions in raising awareness about hedging devices among Plurilingual non-native English writers. This is particularly relevant considering the nuanced nature of certain hedging devices, characterized by polysemy and polypragmatics. This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of explicit instruction in enhancing the pragmatic competence of non-native English-speaking learners, with a specific focus on the acquisition and application of English modal auxiliaries as hedging mechanisms within an academic context.

In this study, a group of 37 non-native English-speaking College students, representing various academic disciplines, were purposefully selected from Sommet College located in Greater Montreal area, and divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group. The control group received conventional academic writing instruction, while the experimental group underwent explicit instruction on the use of modal auxiliaries for hedging in their academic writing. Both groups completed pretests and post-tests as part of the evaluation process. Analysis of the test scores and t-test results revealed a significant improvement in linguistic and pragmatic proficiency concerning the use of modal auxiliaries for hedging within the experimental group. Moreover, the findings demonstrated the superior performance of the experimental group in employing modal verbs for hedging purposes.

The findings of this study have broader implications that reach beyond pedagogical practice, resonating with educational program administrators and curriculum developers. These results underscore the importance of including explicit instruction on hedging devices, particularly modal auxiliaries, to bolster the academic writing skills of non-native plurilingual English-speaking learners.
Clinical Manifestations of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis and Its Effects on School Attendance and Access to Medical Care in School Children of Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Mitali , Mehrotra Neelima , Tripathi Shipra , Arora Paras
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic ocular condition affecting school-age children, particularly in hot, allergen-rich regions. It presents with symptoms such as intense itching, tearing, foreign body sensation, and sticky discharge, causing discomfort and management challenges in resource-limited settings. VKC impacts public health significantly due to its high prevalence and effect on academic performance and school attendance.
Method: This cross-sectional study included 1521 school children aged 6 to 16 years in Western Uttar Pradesh. Comprehensive eye examinations were conducted, and VKC was diagnosed based on conjunctival and limbal papillae. A structured questionnaire collected data on socio-demographic factors, medical care access, and VKC's impact on daily life and school attendance. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were used for analysis.
Result: Of the participants, 242 (15.9%) had VKC, with a higher prevalence among boys (56.2%). Most cases were mild (66%), with 34% severe. Symptoms included itching, stinging, tearing, photophobia, and discharge. Severe VKC resulted in higher rates of constant eye rubbing and tear production. School absenteeism was significantly higher in severe cases (78%) compared to mild cases (47%) (P<0.001). Severe VKC also led to more frequent medical consultations (52% vs. 22%, P=0.01).
Conclusion: VKC significantly affects school attendance and medical care utilization among children in Western Uttar Pradesh. Improved management practices, better access to medical care, and enhanced support systems are essential for affected children and families.
Penggunaan Plasma Darah Pada Perawatan Kecantikan PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) Perspektif Kaidah Al- Ḍararu Yuzāl (Studi Kasus ZAP Klinik Makassar)
Authors: Shabrina Syifa Salsabila  , Abd. Rauf Muhammad Amin  , Abdul Wahid Haddade  , Kurniati  , Fatmawati
Published: October 2024

Tujuan pokok penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan plasma darah pada perawatan kecantikan PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) perspektif kaidah al-Ḍararu Yuzāl studi kasus ZAP klinik Makassar. Adapun tujuan dari sub masalah, yaitu: 1) Untuk Menganalisa Urgensi Penggunaan Plasma Darah Pada Perawatan Kecantikan PRP. 2) Untuk Menganalisa Praktik Penggunaan Plasma Darah Pada Perawatan Kecantikan PRP. 3) Untuk Menganalisa Kaidah al-Ḍararu Yuzāl Dalam Penggunaan Plasma Darah Pada Perawatan Kecantikan PRP. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research). Studi lapangan dilaksanakan dengan mengumpulkan data primer melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Selain data yang diperoleh dari lapangan, diperkuat juga dengan data berupa literatur seperti buku, dan artikel-artikel ilmiah yang membahas berkaitan dengan permasalahan ini. Kemudian, teknik pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan Kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, 1) Perawatan kecantikan PRP menggunakan plasma darah sebagai media utamanya. PRP ini telah melalui proses istiḥālah yaitu perubahan dari darah utuh menjadi plasma yang sudah dipisahkan oleh alat sertigugasi maka hukum penggunaan plasma darah pada perawatan kecantikan PRP setelah istiḥālah adalah suci 2) PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) yang dilakukan di ZAP Klinik Makassar memiliki perawatan kecantikan yang hygenis dan aman. Perawatan PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) merupakan proses konsentrasi trombosit (platelet) yang digunakan untuk perawatan dermatologi dan estetika, seperti kebotakan, peremajaan kulit, dan pemulihan bekas luka. 3) Perawatan kecantikan PRP ini hasilnya sangat bergantung pada kualitas darah pasien perawatan kecantikan itu sendiri bahkan berpotensi membawa kemudaratan jika terdapat ketidakcocokan.
Evaluating the effectiveness of public-private partnership projects in health care
Authors: Кабиева Асем , Джумадилдаева Жания , Еламанова Жанар , Бейсекова Жанна
Published: October 2024

Annotation.
In Kazakhstan, the development of the public-private partnership (PPP) mechanism in healthcare has become relevant in the context of the strategic goals outlined in the Presidential Addresses of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the context of global competitiveness and digitalisation of various sectors of the economy, PPPs are seen as a tool to stimulate long-term investment and improve the quality of healthcare services. The Government of the RK plans to implement 201 PPP projects in the healthcare sector worth KZT 1 trillion by 2025. Despite the importance of PPPs, the COVID-19 pandemic has made adjustments to the plans, actualising the need to jointly address the issues of sanitary and epidemiological safety.
PPP research has grown significantly, leading to a diversity of topics and methods. The issues of state-business partnership are mainly researched in the English-language literature. However, in Kazakhstan the processes of scientific and methodological support of PPPs are not intensive enough, there is no standardisation of project selection and evaluation mechanisms, which prevents objective assessment of their effectiveness.
The work uses systemic and interdisciplinary approaches, qualitative and quantitative characterisation of phenomena and processes, methods of comparison, generalisation, grouping, economic analysis and modelling.
The development of a methodological framework for assessing the effectiveness of PPP projects in healthcare is an urgent task. PPPs should provide additional financing, increase project efficiency, risk sharing and improve service levels. The performance evaluation algorithm consists of three stages: qualitative assessment, conclusion on the need for partnership and quantitative analysis. The main criteria include positive net present value and financial sustainability.
There is no universal methodology for assessing the effectiveness of PPPs in healthcare, which requires further development of scientific and methodological approaches and practical recommendations for successful implementation of projects.
КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ ПОДХОД К СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЮ СИСТЕМЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АУДИТА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Ниязбекова Шакизада , Спанова Багдат , Загидуллина Зарина , Батырова Назгуль
Published: October 2024

В данной статье исследуются теоретические и практические аспекты проведения государственного аудита в Республике Казахстан. Рассмотрены вопросы влияния государственного аудита и финансового контроля на реализацию экономических реформ новой экономической политики в республике. Государственный аудит и финансовый контроль играют ключевую роль в оценке эффективного использования и распределения финансовых средств государства. От проведения качественного и эффективного государственного аудита зависят итоги проводимых социально-экономических реформ в стране. В современных реалиях быстроменяющегося мира государственный аудит, и его непрерывное совершенствование, является необходимостью и должен обеспечивать повышение эффективности государственного управления и использования бюджетных средств, активов государства и субъектов квазигосударственного сектора. Государственный аудит должен дать оценку эффективности использования налогово-бюджетных инструментов для решения социальных задач и экономической оценки их влияния на развитие экономики или реальных секторов экономики. 
В связи с чем изучение, исследование системных проблем проведения государственного аудита и финансового контроля на сегодняшний день является актуальным.
В статье рассмотрены отдельные проблемы функционирования системы государственного аудита. В целях совершенствования системы и организации государственного аудита авторами обоснованы и предложены отдельные новые экономические направления аудита эффективности и финансовой отчетности, которые могут быть использованы в разработке новой Концепции развития государственного аудита.
Aprendendo inglês no metaverso com Roblox
Authors: Bueno Felipe Ortiz , Silva Marcelo José da
Published: October 2024

O surgimento de modos de interação ancorados no uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) tem permitido o desenvolvimento de formas inéditas de ensinar e aprender, incluindo o uso do metaverso (Hang, Liu e Gao,2023). Educadores têm explorado a popularidade de mundos virtuais (Brown, Vaughn, 2011; Lewis, 2018) como o Roblox com o objetivo de auxiliar os alunos a aprimorar suas habilidades em inglês. Buscamos, portanto, investigar como o uso do Roblox como um ambiente virtual pode ser eficaz na aprendizagem da língua inglesa, proporcionando uma experiência imersiva e inovadora para os aprendizes. Para tanto, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfico e exploratório, inicialmente, efetuamos busca no portal da CAPES e Google Acadêmico para coletar trabalhos que abordassem os termos metaverso e Roblox. A partir dos trabalhos localizados verificamos aqueles relacionados ao ensino e/ou aprendizagem de inglês a fim de construir o referencial teórico. Na sequência, passamos a explorar a plataforma Roblox analisando suas características e potencialidade de uso como ambiente imersivo para o ensino de línguas, e, por fim, analisamos a eficácia da utilização de um jogo disponível na plataforma para o desenvolvimento das habilidades comunicativas dos participantes em língua inglesa. Para o ensino de inglês, as incursões ao metaverso, realizadas nesse estudo, revelaram características que possibilitam o ensino interativo, imersivo e conectado com a vida real. Ao utilizar o jogo Livetopia na aprendizagem os estudantes fazem uso da língua em simulações de contexto real, proporcionado ao aprendizado um significado menos abstrato.
O DESAFIO E A ARTE DA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO 5S NAS INDÚSTRIAS: SUPERANDO OBSTÁCULOS PARA ALCANÇAR A EFICIÊNCIA OPERACIONAL
Authors: Ferreira Danilo Aparecido , Casagrande Diego José
Published: October 2024

It is known that the end of the Second World War brought numerous challenges to the combatant countries. Japan, specifically, had its economy weakened, which resulted in a crisis. Seeking alternatives for the reestablishment of the State, the country found in the industry a means of rationalizing inputs and applying philosophies, which in addition to helping the country economically, is also a source of studies and practical applications. In this sense, the objective of this work was to address the origin and application of the 5S industrial philosophy, seeking to understand how such a tool can contribute to the increase of the operational efficiency of the industry at the time. The methodology used was the bibliographic review, using articles from different themes of applications of 5S and other philosophies. The results indicate that the application of the philosophy brings, among other benefits, efficiency in cost reduction, in addition to making the environment systematized and organized for better use of employees. Finally, it is considered essential to continue new studies on the practical application of the 5S philosophy as a way to increase the visibility of this tool, which was a precursor in the industrial reestablishment and in ensuring the continuity of several Japanese industries.
DIAGNÓSTICO E MANEJO DA ANEMIA POR DEFICIÊNCIA DE VITAMINA B12 EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Borges Laís Santos Nunes , Dos Santos Bárbara Pereira , Cavalcanti João Felipe Paes de Menezes , Martins Leonardo Coca Nogueira , Tristão Maria Eugênia Alves Martins de Araújo
Published: October 2024

Objective: This systematic review article aims to compile and analyze the scientific evidence on the diagnosis and management of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia in pediatric patients, providing a comprehensive and up-to-date view, identifying gaps in research, and guiding future investigations and clinical practices. Methodology: The systematic review used the PVO strategy (population, variable and objective) to formulate the guiding question. The searches were performed in the PubMed Central (PMC) database with five descriptors combined with the Boolean term "AND": Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Child Growth, Child Development Disorders, Malnutrition, pediatrics. A total of 150 articles were found, of which 23 were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 13 were used to compose the collection. Results: Essential for DNA production, methylation, and neurotransmitter synthesis, vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in neurological and hematopoietic development. Deficiency can lead to disorders such as megaloblastic anemia and irreversible neurological damage, especially in children and during pregnancy. Laboratory evaluation should include serum cobalamin measurement, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine. Clinical trials show that supplementation improves motor development in children with suboptimal levels of vitamin B12. Conclusion: Early identification and prompt treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency are essential to prevent serious complications. Proper supplementation is crucial for at-risk populations, such as pregnant women, young children, and individuals following vegan or vegetarian diets. The relationship between maternal vitamin B12 levels and neonatal outcomes still requires further investigation. Vitamin B12 deficiency is a public health problem that needs continued attention and additional research to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Effects of cannabis oil on people with Autism Specter Disorder
Authors: Lopes Maia Rayane Larissa , Salguero Patricia Susana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction. Despite lacking a deﬁnitive cure, multidisciplinary therapeutic and pharmacological approaches are employed to mitigate their symptoms. However, the potential side effects of conventional treatments drive the search for alternatives such as cannabis derivatives for symptom relief. Objective: to analyze the eﬁcacia of cannabis derivatives in the treatment of ASD. Method: a search for information was carried out in the databases and search engines Pubmed, Embase, Google Scholar and SciELO. The inclusion criteria are oriented towards observational studies and clinical trials analyzing the effects of cannabis derivatives in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Results: the treatment of autism using cannabis oil derivatives has emerged as a contemporary research topic in the academic literature. Despite that several studies, including systematic reviews and double-blind clinical trials, have examined the beneﬁts of cannabidiol (CBD) in individuals diagnosed with ASD. Conclusion: it is feasible to infer, based on the scientific papers reviewed in this study, that treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with cannabis derivatives could be beneﬁcial. However, the current evidence is limited, indicating the need for further research in this area
GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight loss, benefits and risks: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Silva Pacheco de Moraes Diego , Estrin Marcelo Adrián
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease linked to numerous complications. Pharmacotherapy constitutes one of the therapeutic options by which people with obesity can achieve and maintain the desired weight.Objectives: to describe the mechanism of action of glucagon-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and their effect on weight loss and long-term weight maintenance. Methods: an information search was conducted using biomedical databases to gather relevant evidence on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs in weight management. Studies addressing both initial weight loss and long-term maintenance based on the use of GLP-1RAs were analyzed.Development: GLP-1RA therapy, initially developed to treat type 2 diabetes, has been shown to be effective in reducing body weight. Daily subcutaneous administration of liraglutide has been approved, and weekly subcutaneous administration of semaglutide is being investigated in phase III trials for the management of obesity. Conclusions: consideration of GLP-1 receptor agonists as a robust therapeutic option for the management of obesity in patients who have not responded adequately to other interventions is recommended. Their use should be personalized, carefully evaluating the benefit-risk ratio for each patient. It is crucial to continue research in this field to better understand the long-term effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists