bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Praktik Pencabutan Pembebasan Bersyarat Pada Narapidana Residivis di Rutan Kelas IIB Pangkalan Brandan
Authors: Sibagariang Iana Tresia A , Ritonga Raja
Published: February 2024

The Class IIB State Detention Pangkalan Brandan is Technical Implementation Unit that has duties and functions of Corrections in accordance based Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning of Corrections. Even though did service for prisoner, The Class IIB State Detention Pangkalan Brandan also provides service for inmates, one of which is Parole program consisting of Conditional Exemption (PB). Conditional Exemption (PB) is more likely to be revoked due to the long probation period. When Conditional Exemption (PB) got released, the inmates who violate general conditions and special conditions in accordance with the provisions of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation Number 7 of 2022 can be revoked. This research type of normative legal was carried out to answer the process of revocation of Conditional Exemption and get the accurate results by drawing from several sources. In the case of revocation of Conditional Exemption, it starts sending a request letter by Class IIB State Detention Pangkalan Brandan Officer then examined by the Community Counselor (PK) to be brought to the Correctional Observation Team session so that the results are reported to the Director General via SPION. The decision to revoke Conditional Exemption is conveyed to the prison and state detention officer to be implemented in accordance with the decision. However, the revocation of Conditional Exemption have problems.
Analisis Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang KUHP Terhadap Batas Minimal Usia Perkawinan
Authors: Robianti Masayu , Rachman Fathur , Kartadinata Andriansyah
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze the reasons for the legislators to change the setting of the minimum age for marriage for women according to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code Amendment to Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage. The choice of this theme is based on the constitutional background in the previous Marriage Law, the contents of Article - Marriage Law Number 16 of 2019 are not in line with the law that was born later, namely Law 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 on Child Protection. Based on the above, this paper raises the formulation of the problem: what are the reasons for the legislators to change the minimum marriage limit based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code for Amendments to the Marriage Law.

This research is a normative juridical research, using historical approach (historical approach) and statutory approach (statue approach). and the statutory approach. Primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials obtained by the author were analyzed. The results of this study the reasons for the legislators to change the minimum marriage limit for women based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code Amendment to Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Marriage is the result of this research. Philosophically, this is to eliminate discrimination in the acquisition of basic rights and constitutional rights arising from differences in the minimum age limit for marriage as stipulated in Law no. 16 of 2019. Sociologically, this is to prevent the occurrence of early marriage which will have a further impact on the occurrence of pregnant women and childbirth at an early age which are at high risk for the health of the mother and baby. Juridically, this is a fulfillment of the mandate of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 22/PUU-XV/2017 related to the unification of the minimum age for marriage between men and women, synchronizing the law alongside the Child Protection Act, and part of ensuring the ability to act within the law.
Diversi Oleh Pengadilan Negeri Kotabumi Sebagai Bentuk Penyelesaian Perkara Anak
Authors: Mardianto Andi Barkan
Published: February 2024

Furthermore, the Children's Judge in its implication has an obligation and realizes a balanced Diversity Agreement for both parties, in which the agreement of diversia is an agreement on the results of the Diversion deliberation process as outlined in the form of documents and signed by the parties involved in the Diversion deliberation. handling children as perpetrators of crime is one form of attention of judges to the conditions of children who are different from adults, the nature of children as individuals who are still unstable, the future of children as assets of the nation and the position of people in communities who still need protection can be used as a basis for searching alternative solutions on how to avoid children from a formal criminal justice system.

The method used in this study is an empirical approach derived from data collection obtained from primary data and secondary data, then analyzed by qualitative analysis methods.

The results of this study ultimately provide the answer that diversion as a form of settlement of child criminal cases through the Restorative justice approach by Judges of Children in the Kotabumi District Court can be implicated because of observing 1) The best interests of the Child, 2) The survival and growth of the Child. The suggestion from this research is that the role of the Facilitator needs to be socialized more intensively to the community because there are still many people who do not understand correctly the implementation of diversion.
Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Oleh Badan Pertanahan Nasional Terkait Sertifikat Pengganti Hak Milik Atas Tanah
Authors: Prakasa Nugraha Medica
Published: February 2024

Land registration is a government task carried out in order to ensure legal certainty in the land sector (a "Rechts Kadastre" or "Legal Cadastre"). The purpose of land registration is stated in Article 3 of Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997. To achieve this orderly administration, every plot of land and apartment unit including transfer, encumbrance and write-off must be registered in Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997. Article 1 paragraph (20) states: "Certificate is a certificate of proof of rights as intended in Article 19 paragraph (2) letter c UUPA for land rights, management rights, waqf land, ownership rights to apartment units and mortgage rights, each of which has been recorded in the relevant land book.

The method used in this research is a normative approach and a Socio Legal approach which originates from collecting data obtained from primary data and secondary data, then analyzed using qualitative analysis methods.

The results of this research answer that the form of unlawful action by the National Land Agency regarding land ownership certificates based on Decision Number 169/Pdt.G/2022/PN.Tjk is not carrying out community requests regarding Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration Article 57 paragraph (1) which explains that at the request of the right holder a new certificate is issued as a replacement for a certificate that is damaged, lost, still uses a blank certificate that is no longer used or that was not handed over to the auction buyer in an execution auction. Meanwhile, the analysis of the judge's considerations regarding unlawful acts by the National Land Agency regarding certificates of ownership of land based on Decision Number 169/Pdt.G/2022/PN.Tjk is from a normative aspect because Certificate of Ownership Number 926/Kd, issued on May 9 1977, is located in Sukarame Village, Kedaton District, Bandar Lampung City with Measurement Letter Number 2931/1977 dated 7 February 1977 with an area of 8,400 (eight thousand four hundred) square meters in the name of Purwanto, which is a legal product of State Administrative Officials and is owned by the Plaintiff based on a gift from his parents.
Pendekatan Restorative Justice Dalam Menyelesaikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Indonesia Dalam Hal Pemulihan Keuangan Negara
Authors: Purnomo Andi
Published: February 2024

In an effort to realize the effectiveness and efficiency of law enforcement in cases of eradicating criminal acts of corruption, the Deputy Attorney General for Special Crimes issued Letter Number: B-1113/F.Fd.1/05/2010 dated 18 May 2010 concerning Priorities and Achievements in Handling Criminal Cases Corruption Crime, which in the letter contains one of the points that instructs every Head of the High Prosecutor's Office in Indonesia so that in cases of suspected criminal acts of corruption, the public's sense of justice will be prioritized, especially for people who, through their awareness, have returned state financial losses (restorative justice), especially in relation to cases Corruption crimes involving relatively small losses to state finances need to be considered not to be followed up.

This research uses a normative juridical approach and an empirical juridical approach. The normative juridical approach is carried out by examining library materials or library research.

The results of the research explain that the restorative justice approach in criminal acts of corruption as an effort to recover state losses is considered capable of returning state losses and saving state assets. The concept of restorative justice has not been clearly regulated in the justice system in Indonesia, thus placing law enforcers in a difficult and dilemmatic position.
THE ROLE OF PERSUASIVE DIALOGUE IN THE NEGOTIATION OF THE SALE OF GOODS AT SIMPUR CENTER, BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY
Authors: Dewi Ponita , Maja Meri Andani , Hakiki Virgiana Mahar
Published: February 2024

This study discusses the role of persuasive dialogue in negotiating the sale of goods at the Simpur Center in Bandar Lampung City. This shopping center has a significant role in meeting consumer needs and in the context of intense competition, the ability to conduct effective sales negotiations becomes important. This study uses a qualitative approach with the case study method to explore a deep understanding of how persuasive dialogue contributes to the outcome of sales negotiations. The main findings of this study include persuasive dialogue strategies used by sellers, customizing messages according to buyer profiles, managing rejection, and building customer relationships. This study shows that the seller's ability to use persuasive dialogue influences the success of sales negotiations. Tailoring messages based on local preferences and culture, as well as being able to overcome resistance with relevant solutions, also contribute to successful negotiations. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of understanding local culture in persuasive dialogue, because adaptation to cultural values can strengthen communication. Persuasive dialogue plays a central role in negotiating the sale of goods at the Simpur Center in Bandar Lampung City. In a competitive environment, product knowledge, tailored persuasive dialogue strategies and the ability to manage rejection wisely are all important factors in achieving success in sales. In closing, suggestions are given to improve the seller's ability to apply effective persuasive dialogue in order to achieve success in the sales negotiation process.
INTERNALIZATION CHARACTER EDUCATION IN STUDENTS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL THROUGH THE STORY OF CHILDREN
Authors: Widayati Sri , Elizar Elizar
Published: February 2024

One way to form elementary school students is to characterize the school environment, through literary learning (children's stories). Children's stories have a very fundamental role in character education. Children's stories can be used as teaching materials to form good characters for elementary students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the value of character education contained in the collection of children's stories on Peci and KKPK. To know this case in this research used qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicate that children's stories contained in Peci and KKPK can be used as teaching material because it has the value of character education as desired by the curriculum 2013. In addition, Peci and KKPK also have a story appropriate to the contextual life of children so that elementary students will be easy to internalize These values at once realize in everyday life.
Effect Of Work Experience And Work Environment On Employee Satisfaction In The Nusantara Estate 7 Sector Vii Kedaton
Authors: Yusa Viola De , Lilyana Besti , Lubis Lamtiurmaida
Published: February 2024

A success of companies is strongly affected by employee job satisfaction. Every company always attempts to improve employee satisfaction so that it is expected that the companies goals are achieved. Several factors improving the job satisfaction are the work experience and work environment. The objective of this research was partially or simultaneously to determine the effect of the work experience and work environment to employee job satisfaction in the Nusantara State 7 sector VII Kedaton. Type of this research was a quantitative research with the associative method. Setting of this research was in the Nusantara State 7 sector VII Kedaton. The sampling technique used in this research was non-probability random sampling using the disproportional stratified random sampling. The respondents of this research was 57 employees. Data analysis technique used in this research was a multiple linear regression. The hypothesis test used in this research was t-test and f-test. The result of this research showed that (1) the work experience affected the job satisfaction, (2) the work environment affected job satisfaction and work experience, and (3) the work environment affected employee job satisfaction.
THE INFLUENCE OF WORKING DISCIPLINE AND JOB DESCRIPTION OF PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEE IN REGIONAL REVENUE OFFICE
Authors: Joni Rafian
Published: February 2024

The hypothesis in this study is that there is  an influence of work discipline and job descriptions both partially and simultaneously on employee performance.The population in this research were 47 employees, the sample used in this study amounted to 46 employees. Data collection techniques include observation, documentation and questionnaires. Methods of data analysis using qualitative and quantitative approaches with the help of statistical tools SPSS version 21.0 include the calculation of the validity test, reliability test, regression test and the coefficient of determination test.The results of testing the hypothesis of the influence of work discipline on performance partially shows that work discipline has a positive influence on performance with a contribution of 73.9%. Other partial Hypothesis Testing, obtained job description results have a positive influence on performance with a contribution of 62.9%. Simultaneous hypothesis testing shows that work discipline and job descriptions together have a positive influence on performance with a contribution of 74.1%, while the remaining 25.9% is a variation of other variables not examined.
Urgensi Hukum Dagang Dalam Penegakan Jual Beli Barang Online
Authors: Muslih Muslih
Published: February 2024

In the digital era, online shopping is increasingly popular and has become the main choice for many people. However, as online commerce develops, many problems emerge that need attention, such as fraud, transaction security, sending goods that do not match the description or are damaged when they arrive at the buyer. To solve this problem, it is important for sellers and buyers to communicate clearly with each other about the description of the goods, delivery conditions, etc. Commercial law has a very important role in enforcing online trade. Commercial Law is a regulation that regulates commercial activities between business entities, both in the form of buying and selling goods and services. In the field of online shopping, commercial law plays a role in protecting the rights and obligations of sellers and buyers as well as ensuring security and fairness in online transactions
Entre inexistencias y visibilidades: la agencia sociopolítica de travestis y mujeres transexuales negras en Brasil (1979-2020)
Authors: Araújo dos Passos Maria Clara , Cristina Garcia Carla
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre las disputas sociopolíticas realizadas por travestis y mujeres negras transexuales en Brasil, correspondiendo al período de 1979 a 2020. Aunque Brasil sea el país líder en asesinatos de personas trans, una vez que aproximadamente 80% de esos asesinatos fueron cometidos contra travestis y mujeres transexuales negras, este mismo país presenció en el pleito legislativo de 2020 la victoria electoral de más de 30 personas trans. En un momento en que Latinoamérica observa una articulación neoconservadora transnacional, el reto planteado a las/los investigadoras/es brasileñas/os es desmenuzar las trayectorias que culminan en los resultados electorales de la población trans en las elecciones de 2018 y 2020. De carácter cualitativo, este artículo fue construido a través de revisión bibliográfica y análisis documental. Al identificar diferentes momentos en los cuales las actrices experimentaron formas de participación social y compromiso sociopolítico, destacamos que estas disputas están siendo desarrolladas de forma continua hace más de cuatro décadas. De este modo, estamos descorriendo las inexistencias e invisibilidades imputadas y trayendo visibilidad para los otros proyectos políticos que surgen a través de las prácticas realizadas por las travestis y mujeres transexuales negras brasileñas.
Strategic Capabilities and Its Influence on Small and Medium Enterprises Competitive Performance: The Moderating Role of Dynamic Business Environment
Authors: Idolor Elohor Katherine , Adebisi Sunday Abayomi , Ifere Simeon, E.
Published: February 2024

Abstract

At present majority of firms are operating in an evolving and vibrant environment that threatens their survival in the competitive economies. Also the increasing globalisation of business is being accelerated around the world and succeeding within a highly competitive environment calls for aggressive deployment of firms’ business strategy, core competences, resources allocation and utilisation that result to the firm attaining a comparative advantage over its competitors. However the erratic market and increasing competitions from multinational firms offering similar homogenous products is challenging to SMEs operation. Similarly, the market landscape for business operating locally or globally is relatively a complex one and a highly competitive avenue for SMEs to operate efficiently, because SMEs do have fewer resources and capabilities to deal with the market challenges as they arise. The study aimed at empirically analysing the influence of strategic capabilities on SMEs performance by developing a framework that takes into consideration the moderating effect of the business environment. The identified framework was validated from the empirical data gathered through the explorative questionnaire survey of 288 managers of manufacturing SMEs in Lagos State, Nigeria. The findings suggest that SMEs firms are able to address business environment challenges when they understand and explore the relevant strategic capabilities that can result to business growth and expansions. As a survival measure entrepreneurs and SMEs owners must be able to identify the pre-eminent capabilities i.e. resources, skills, competencies, knowledge that can be exercised operationally and utilised to achieve competitiveness and sustainability in the long run.
Comparative Analysis of Super Nations’ Pre and Trade War Periods on Nigeria
Authors: Ebegbetale Christopher Idemudia , Olayemi Olufemi Olabode
Published: February 2024

There is no contention that the contemporary world has been reduced to a global village but of great concern is how policies that were made in other distant economies affect other places’ economy, politics, culture, education, etc. This study primarily investigated whether US-China trade war had any impact on their trade with Nigeria. This is because the US and China are Nigeria’s important trading partner and it is expected that whatever happened in these two leading world economies would have impacts on other countries. The period Q12014-Q42019 was adopted for the study because it allowed the researcher to compare the performance of the Nigeria’s trade with the two countries before trade war with the performance during the trade war period. The pre-trade war period adopted for this study was Q12014 to Q42016 while the trade war period was Q12017 to Q42019. The study used secondary data from Nigeria’s export and import trade with US and China. All the data were quarterly data and obtained from the website of National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) quarterly bulletin. The study was delimited to export and import trade between Nigeria and US-China because trade tariff policies have significant impact on imports and exports and the effect is strongest on trade. The paired-samples t-test techniques were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that there was a significant difference in Nigeria’s trade flow with the US and China during the trade war periods when compared to the periods before the trade war.
Determinan Self-Efficacy terhadap Job Satisfaction melalui Work Engagement pada Karyawan PT. Asuransi
Authors: Utama Rony Edward , Nor Lailla Nor Lailla , Tarmizi M. Irfan , Chudri Intan Rizkia
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of self-efficacy on job satisfaction through work involvement. This research uses a quantitative approach, the sample was selected using a sampling technique, namely Purposive Sampling. The sample used was 100 insurance employees. Structural Equation Modeling is used to process data that has been collected using the help of the SmartPLS application. The research results show that: (1) Self-efficacy has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction; (2) Self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on employee work engagement; (3) Work engagement has a significant positive effect on employee job satisfaction. The level of work engagement among PT Asuransi employees can be said to be good in increasing the job satisfaction of each employee; (4) work involvement mediates the influence of self-efficacy on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is influenced by self-efficacy for each person in the organization
The Consequences of Social Responsibility: A Study of Fast Fashion Brands
Authors: Ekasari Ayu , Fajaray Ariani
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the positive impact of social responsibility carried out by fast fashion brand on consumers’ attitude, trust, perceived consumer effectiveness and brand awareness. Using purposive sampling method, there were 175 respondents participated in the survey. The data was analyzed using structural equation model. The results revealed that brand’s social responsibility activities influence attitude, trust, perceived consumer effectiveness and brand awareness. However, the authors did not find any significant effect of perceived consumer effectiveness and brand awareness on purchase intention. This research can help fast fashion marketers to design a comprehensive message to convey to public that they carry out CSR programs. This study contributes to the literature of green marketing by examining the effect of CSR conducted by fast fashion brand on various response of consumers. The findings can help companies to design and communicate appropriate CSR initiatives in order to enhance consumers’ positive perception.

 

Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, attitude, trust, perceived consumer effectiveness, brand awareness, purchase intention.
Linguistic Impoliteness, and Reputation and Personality in Kurdish Language
Authors: Mohammed Rokan Abdullah
Published: February 2024

This paper entitled “Linguistic Impoliteness, and Reputation and Personality in Kurdish Language” mentions a negative aspect of using the Kurdish language through unethical language usage and linguistic impoliteness by the people who have reputations in Kurdish society and use language in a wrong way that cannot correlate with their personality and reputation. This study discusses those speeches and writings that embody impoliteness of language. Then, the methods and means of spreading this phenomenon and its reasons are discussed with the analysis of this phenomenon in the field of sociolinguistics. Later, this phenomenon is indicated in those who have reputations in Kurdish society mentioning its negative impact on the Kurdish official language and the people’s reputations. Eventually, recommendations and solutions for this phenomenon are presented. This study is related to the field of sociolinguistics which is related to applied linguistics, and it is conducted through the method of descriptive analysis.
The Correlation between Syntactic Awareness of EFL University Teachers and Students' Writing Performance
Authors: Abdullah Elaf Subhi , Mousa Manal Omar
Published: February 2024

The current study is aimed at finding out the correlation between syntactic awareness level of EFL university teachers  and students' writing  performance. The problem of this study is most of teachers as language teachers do not recognize the importance of syntax in teaching their students . Accordingly, students' problems in writing lie in their lack of understanding the nature ,  process,   and requirements of academic writing . The problems of the current study are best identified by answering the following  research question : To what extent can an efficient writing of college students be affected by the level of  syntactic awareness of EFL university teachers?  The sample of the study consists of (30) teachers from different specializations ,  and (100) students from fourth year at University of Tikrit , College of Education for Women , English Department.  The current study includes three instruments after being validated and approved by a jury of experts. These are: 1) a questionnaire  and a diagnostic test  are  applied to measure teachers' syntactic awareness  ,  and  2)  a diagnostic test is used to measure the  performance of students in writing.  The obtained results have shown that there is a positive correlation between teachers' syntactic awareness and the performance of students in writing . In the light of the obtained results , some conclusions are drawn .
The Application of IRF Discourse Model on EFL University Students in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Dawood Salwan Maulood , Sultan Amra Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

This study aims at finding out the application of IRF discourse model on EFL University students' in reading comprehension (RC). To achieve the aim of the study, a quasi-experimental nonrandomized control, pretest-posttest design is employed. Two groups are randomly selected from the second class in College of Education for Women during academic year (2021-2022). The sample of the study included (60) students divided into (30) for control and (30) for experiment. The two groups are submitted to the same pretest in RC to ensure equivalence. Then the first group is taught according to of IRF discourse model, whereas the second group is taught according to the conventional method. After achieving the validity of the test, a pilot study is conducted to (30) students of College of Education for Humanity. Then the two groups are subjected to the same achievement post-test in RC. The data are analysed statistically that show that there are statistically significant differences between groups in achievement post-tests of RC, in favour of the experimental group.
Analysis of code-switching from French to Arabic among teachers of the French department at the University of Mosul
Authors: Mohamed Amin Abdulrahim Abdulrahman
Published: February 2024

In bilingual societies, code-switching is a communication tool and an inevitable phenomenon among bilinguals. For a long time, this phenomenon has attracted the attention of many linguists.  In this research, we study the code switching among teachers of the department of French language at the University of Mosul.  This study exposes evidence that code-switching from French into Arabic is present at different levels of the language in the teaching process, at the level of words and sentences.  The code-switching also indicates that we can also know the types of code-switching and the functions that it checks.  The teaching of French to teachers is characterized by code switching from French into Arabic for reasons of which the most important are clarification, insistence on important aspects in the classroom, proverbs and the delivery of  the letter for most students in an easy and simple way.
اختيارات ابن عاشر الأندلسي (ت. 1040 هـ) في الرسم القرآني من خلال كتابه فتح المنان المروي بمورد الظمآن.
Authors: طياوي هاشم محمد
Published: February 2024

الحمد لله ربّ العالمين، وبعد
 فهذا البحث بعنوان: (اختيارات ابن عاشر الأندلسي (ت. 1040 هـ) في الرسم القرآني من خلال كتابه فتح المنان المروي بمورد الظمآن)، تناولت فيه التعريف بهذه الامام وبكتابه، وبشيوخه وبتلاميذه، وبعدها علقت على بيان اختياراته في الرسم القرآني من خلال كتابه.
 وأهم النتائج التي خلصت اليها في هذا البحث ان أكثر اختياراته في الرسم جاءت في باب الحذف والاثبات كونه الباب الأوسع في الرسم القرآني.
 وآن اختياراته في الرسم كانت تستند إلى أسس راعاها في الاختيار، كالحمل على النظائر، واتباع الرواية على أئمة السلف، وتعدد أوجه القراءة وغيرها. والحمدّ لله أولاً وأخراً.
Unmet Healthcare Needs and Their Determining Factors: Addressing Inequalities in Access to Healthcare in Myanmar
Authors:   Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Thailand, Tinn Chit Su , Paek Seung Chun ,   Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Thailand, Meemon Natthani ,   Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Thailand
Published: February 2024

Myanmar aims to achieve universal health coverage by 2030 through the 2017–2021 National Health Plan while providing nearly cost-free healthcare services at public facilities. Nonetheless, concerns regarding healthcare access persist. This study examined healthcare access in Myanmar by identifying the prevalence, determinants, and reasons behind unmet healthcare needs (UHN), which occur when an individual needs healthcare but cannot access it. Descriptive statistical analysis and binary logistic regression were employed using data obtained from 318 residents of Tat Kon Township, Nay Pyi Taw. Among the participants, 23.6% experienced UHN. Specifically, individuals with low income, daily-waged workers, rural residents, younger individuals, and females reported high UHN. The primary reason was the unavailability of healthcare facilities (46.7%), followed by competing personal priorities (19%) and treatment or transportation costs (14%). The government could consider expanding public healthcare infrastructure and implementing a nationwide health insurance system. Continuing the geographic expansion of health services to address the needs of rural residents and extending service hours to accommodate individuals engaged in daily-waged or full-time employment are recommended. These efforts could be complemented by improving public transportation infrastructure, promoting income security, and supporting gender equity to facilitate access to healthcare services.
Unconscionability and Poverty
Authors: Kelman Mark G.
Published: February 2024

Matthew Desmond made the claim in Evicted, his powerful work on housing insecurity, that those concerned with alleviating poverty should focus not merely on ensuring that poor people have higher disposable incomes, but on countering the exploitative price gouging that depresses the value of whatever income they have. This suggests the possibility that it might be a worthwhile anti-poverty strategy for courts to use the unconscionability doctrine to regulate exploitative contracts.

Three main issues follow from considering this possibility: (1) Do the poor actually pay more for goods of the same quality? (2) If they indeed pay more, do they do so because prices are exploitative? How should we define an exploitative price, and how can we identify that any particular group of buyers is indeed exploited? (3) Could courts seeking to make use of the unconscionability doctrine realistically identify cases in which poor people generally are overcharged, or will courts successfully invoke the doctrine to challenge unwarranted prices only when the price a particular seller charges exceeds some benchmark (e.g., the price charged before an emergency or the price charged to other buyers in highly similar transactions)?

While there is (reasonably) good evidence that the poor pay more for equal quality goods and it is possible (but very hard to determine) that exploitative pricing is a genuine issue as well, efforts to use the unconscionability doctrine to solve the problem of exploitative contracts are quite unlikely to succeed. Doctrinal and practical constraints make this solution a bad fit. If we worry, for example, that small stores in urban areas with high concentrations of poor residents overcharge, we should probably look to establishing and sustaining less exploitative suppliers, not to using common law courts to police price gouging.
Utilização da metodologia da problematização no ensino de enfermagem
Authors: Coutinho Juliana de Souza Lima , Salgado Patricia de Oliveira , Mendonça Érica Toledo de , Kobayashi Cecilia Akemi Bruzzi , Braga Luciene Muniz , Buonicontro Edimara Aparecida , Ercole Flavia Falci , Castro Carolina Souza , Toledo Wíves Kayan Vieira , Toledo Luana Vieira
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Identificar os estudos sobre contribuições da problematização para o desenvolvimento do estudante de enfermagem. Métodos: Revisão integrativa nos portais de pesquisa: Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, PubMed e portal CAPES. Foram incluídos artigos em português, inglês ou espanhol nos últimos 10 anos que utilizaram a problematização no ensino. Foram excluídos estudos duplicados e de revisão. Foram encontrados 992 artigos, após critérios de elegibilidade, a amostra final foi de oito estudos. Resultado: Houve predomínio de estudos em português (87,50%), do tipo relato de experiência (62,50%), com nível de evidência cinco (62,50%), publicados nos últimos cinco anos (62,50%). Foram geradas quatro categorias: “Aspectos metodológicos na execução da problematização”; “Protagonismo do estudante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem”; “Contribuição na aquisição de conhecimento e habilidades relacionadas à prática” e “O educador no processo de ensino-aprendizagem”. Considerações finais: A problematização contribui para o estímulo ao protagonismo do estudante, desenvolvimento de autonomia e ganho de conhecimento teórico-prático.
Incidência e características clínicopatológicas do câncer de boca
Authors: Santana Breno Washington Joaquim de , Alves José Victor Leal , Mendes Amanda Caroline Oliveira Henriques , Santos Lucas Renan Alves dos , Santos Diego Belmiro do Nascimento , Silva Sandy Sterfany Pereira da , Morais Diego Chaves Rezende , Silva Iran Aves da , Mota Cláudia Cristina Brainer de Oliveira , Faria Danielle Lago Bruno de
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de incidência e características clínicopatológicas dos pacientes acometidos pelo câncer de boca em um Centro de Referência no Agreste Pernambucano. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, caracterizado pela análise e quantificação dos casos de câncer de boca no período de 2010 a 2020. Resultados: Em 10 anos foram atendidos 9.345 pacientes. Destes, 349 (38,43%) pacientes foram diagnosticados com câncer de boca. O câncer de boca oral esteve mais presente em homens (67,6%), casados (46,7%), com idade entre 60 e 79 anos (43,8%), primeiro grau completo (35,2%) e pardos (49,6%). Quanto às características clinicopatológicas, a localização anatômica mais afetada foi a língua (49,9%), seguido do assoalho (15,2%). A modalidade terapêutica mais prevalente foi a radioterapia (43,6%), seguido de quimioterapia e radioterapia (30,9%). A ocorrência de metástase linfocitária e à distância foram registrados em 35,0% e 5,4%, respectivamente. O percentual de recidiva e óbito foram de 9,5 e 31,2%, respectivamente. Conclusão: Torna-se fundamental o conhecimento do perfil de incidência e os fatores sociais envolvidos na carcinogênese da cavidade oral para desenvolver políticas de saúde visando à prevenção e controle dessa doença.
Practices for respecting the newborn’s sleep-wake cycle: Interventional study in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Faez Naima , Hmami Fouzia , Boujraf Saïd , Kojmane Widade , Atmani Samir
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

Premature newborns are exposed to a great deal of over-stimulation, which can affect their cerebral development. For better sleep, certain practices should be recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a professional training program on the improvement of practices promoting respect for the newborn’s sleep-wake cycle.

Materials and Methods:

This was an interventional study with a longitudinal, single-group, and before-and-after design. The experimental design followed a three-stage time series: Eight months before, three months after, then eight months after intervention. It targeted a comprehensive sample of 66 professionals. It took place between October 2020 and March 2022 at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, Morocco. It was based on an observation grid and a self-administered questionnaire, validated and tested with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.91.

Results:

The light environment showed significant differences between the 1st and 3rd step (3.3% vs. 45.0%; P = 0.02; confidence interval [CI] = 13.644–10.456) for knowledge and (13.3% vs. 78.3%; P = 0.01; CI = 14.412–10.888) for practices; the noise environment showed a positive improvement between the 2nd and 3rd intervention (31.7% vs. 41.7%; P < 0.001; CI = 5.954–2.913) for knowledge and (65.0% vs. 73.3%; P < 0.001; CI = 3.597–1.236) for practices, with an average of (8.98 ± 0.30–28.15 ± 0.48; CI = 3.806–1.094) between the 1st and 3rd step. Practices surrounding sleep and wakefulness reported significant improvement between the three periods (14.35 ± 0.22 vs. 18.10 ± 0.35 vs. 19.90 ± 0.35; P P < 0.001; CI = 4.647–2.853) for sleep and (13.25 ± 0.48 vs. 22.27 ± 0.59; P < 0.001; CI = 10.563–7.471) for wakefulness with statistically significant correlations between knowledge and practices (0.426**) for sleep and (0.606**) for wakefulness.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated the positive impact of this sleep management and assessment program on the development of professional skills. Its implementation requires rigorous application of developmental support strategies for individualized care in neonatology.
Probing the role of acid site distribution on water structure in aluminosilicate zeolites: insights from molecular dynamics
Authors: Zheng Mingze , Bukowski Brandon C.
Published: February 2024

Water plays a pivotal role in numerous chemical processes, especially in the production of fuels and fine chemicals de-rived from bio-based feedstocks. Zeolites are porous catalysts used extensively due to their shape-selective adsorption and confinement interactions; However the kinetics of zeolite-catalyzed reactions are significantly impacted by the presence of water, which may affect product selectivity and intrinsic rate constants depending on transition state polarity. In this study, we employed machine learning force fields (MLFFs) to accelerate ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and enhance the phase space exploration of water configurations in a model Brønsted acid zeolite, H-AFI. We interrogated the structure of adsorbed water based on the Si/Al ratio and acid site distribution to disentangle the impact of acid site density and distribution on water matrix organization as a function of water loading. We integrated adsorption thermodynamics, vibrational spectroscopy simulations, and local density maps to interrogate the spatial orientation of adsorbed water clusters and their degree of hydrogen bonding. Our analysis unveiled the intricate interplay between zeolite structure, Brønsted acid site location, and water where spatially disparate acid sites nucleate extended clusters that span siliceous regions of the zeolite. We found that the length scale of ordered water regions is directly related to the Si/Al ratio and spatial distribution of Al sites. These findings provide insights into the molecular-level structure of water in microporous aluminosilicate micropores and demonstrate how acid sites can be used to control water activity which has applications to heterogeneous catalysis and adsorptive separations.
High-Throughput Liquid Chromatography- Vacuum Differential Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Isomeric Drugs of Abuse in Human Urine
Authors: Cifuentes Girard Maria Fernanda , Knight Patrick , Hopfgartner Gérard
Published: February 2024

The use of differential mobility spectrometry at low pressure coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-vDMS-MS) was investigated for the analysis of thirteen drugs of abuse (DoA) including: cocaine, ecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, benzoylecgonine, norcocaine, tramadol, isomeric pairs of metabolites; O-desmethyl-cis-tramadol and N-desmethyl-cis-tramadol, and cannabinoids; Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabidiol, 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-nor-9carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-nor-9carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide. Different parameters were optimized for isomeric separation, such as LC mobile phase composition (20-100% methanol acetonitrile and isopropanol, flow rate: 8-100 µL/min) and DMS separation voltage. Methanol and acetonitrile significantly affected the compensation voltage of the analytes and improved DMS separation. A short trap/elute LC-vDMS-SIM/MS screening method of 1 min was developed to quantify 11 drugs of abuse (except THC/CBD), in addition to a 4 min LC-vDMS-SIM/MS method to identify and quantify 5 cannabinoids including the isomers THC/CBD and three THC metabolites. The signal responses were linear over a concentration range of 0.005-10 µg/ml for the DoA and 1-1000 ng/ml for cannabinoids. The intra- and inter-day precision were better than 12.2% and accuracy better than 115%. Urine samples from subjects who tested positive for THC and/or cocaine during roadside drug testing were evaluated to assess the performance of the methods LC-vDMS-SIM/MS and LC-MRM/MS. Results show that the developed LC-vDMS-SIM/MS method presents similar performance to LC-MRM/MS with improved sample throughput.
Efficient Access to Functionalized Mesoporous Materials with Bicontinuous Morphologies via Kinetic Approach
Authors: Yuan Jun , Liu Xiang , Wang Yingying , Wen Tao
Published: February 2024

In this work, we developed an approach that can simultaneously control the morphology and pore-surface chemistry of mesoporous materials. By introducing diols as ‘non-covalent cross-linking agents’, microphase separation of polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine)-b-polylactide triblock terpolymers can be tuned, leading to the formation of long-lived metastable phase with disordered bicontinuous morphology. After removing polylactide end-block by selectively etching, mesoporous structures can be achieved, but poly(4-vinylpyridine) mid-blocks will be preserved on the inner wall of pores. We demonstrate that the prepared mesoporous materials can be applied as adsorbents for organic dyes and metal ions. This work provides new insight into the development of functionalized mesoporous materials.
A Fluorescent Probe for Protein Misfolding and Aggregation Due to Oxidative Stress Based on a 7-Azaindole-BODIPY Derivative
Authors: Herrera-Ochoa Diego , Llano Iván , Ripoll Consuelo , Cybulski Pierre , Kreuzer Martin , Rocha Susana , García-Frutos Eva M. , Bravo Iván , Garzón Ruiz Andrés
Published: February 2024

The development of new fluorescent probes as molecular sensors is a critical step for the understanding of molecular mechanisms. Probes based on BODIPY offer remarkable versatility in molecular sensing due to their unique properties. BODIPY-based probes exhibit high fluorescence quantum yields, exceptional photostability, and tunable absorption/emission wavelengths. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a novel 7-azaindole-BODIPY derivative to probe hydrophobic proteins as well as protein misfolding and aggregation. In organic solvents, this compound exhibits two emissive excited states efficiently interconverting. In contrast, within aqueous environments, the formation of molecular aggregates induces distinct photophysical properties. The complex photophysics of this 7-azaindole-BODIPY derivate were used as a starting point to explore its sensing applications. In presence of albumin, the monomeric form of the probe is stabilized in the hydrophobic regions of the protein, leading to a significant increase of both the fluorescence emission intensity and lifetime. A similar effect was observed when the probe interacts with protein aggregates. Notably, the fluorescence emission is less sensitive to the presence of other macromolecules such as pepsin, DNA, Ficoll 40, and coconut oil. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and two-photon fluorescence microscopy performed on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and lung cancer cells (A549) incubated with this probe revealed longer fluorescence lifetimes and higher emission intensity upon oxidative stress. It is known that cellular stress leads to the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded proteins. Protein misfolding in MCF-7 cells under oxidative stress conditions was confirmed by synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy. These results show that protein misfolding and aggregation triggered by oxidative stress can be monitored using the probe here developed.
Development of Ribityllumazine Analogs as Mucosal-associated Invariant T Cell Activators
Authors: Takasaki Ryosuke , Nagae Masamichi , Takahashi Yuki , Ito Emi , Matsuoka Takuro , Yasue Wakana , Arichi Norihito , Ohno Hiroaki , Yamasaki Sho , Inuki Shinsuke
Published: February 2024

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of innate-like T cells abundant in human tissues that play a significant role in defense against bacterial and viral infections and in tissue repair. MAIT cells are activated by recognizing microbial-derived small-molecule ligands presented by the MHC class I related-1 protein. Although several MAIT cell modulators have been identified in the last decade, potent and chemically stable ligands remain limited. Herein, we carried out a structure-activity relationship study of ribityllumazine derivatives and found chemically stable MAIT cell activators with a pteridine core and a 2-oxopropyl group as the Lys-reactive group. The activators showed high potency toward a co-cultivation assay using model cell lines of antigen-presenting cells and MAIT cells (EC50 = 20 nM). The X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed the binding mode of the activator to MR1 and T cell receptor, indicating that it forms a covalent bond with MR1 via Shiff base formation. Furthermore, we found that one activator stimulated proliferation of human MAIT cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and showed an adjuvant effect in mice. Our developed activator is one of the most potent among chemically stable MAIT cell activators, contributing to accelerating therapeutic applications of MAIT cells.