bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Abuse of Children and Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar
Published: August 2018

This chapter describes the incidence of sexual abuse is often reported in children and adults, but these incidences are not uncommon in the individual with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This heinous behavior carries a negative impact not only on the individual but also on their family. The purpose of the chapter is threefold, first is to present a brief review of the available literature on sexual abuse in children and adults with IDs, second is to discuss preventive, supportive and intervention strategies for clinical practice and third is to report a case series, where five cases are described. The intent is to provide mental health professionals and clinicians' information about consequences of sexual abuse and strategies for prevention and intervention. These strategies have clinical utility and can be incorporated while dealing individual with IDs and their parents or caregivers.
Sexual Assault and Students With Disabilities
Authors: Gibbon Thomas C. , Taylor Nicole , Scheckler Elyse R. , Stagmer Michelle , Bateman David F.
Published: August 2018

This chapter reviews the special vulnerabilities of students with disabilities to sexual assault. The relationship between the characteristics of specific disability categories and the delivery system that is special education is explored. Historical and philosophical trends such as institutionalization, forced sterilization, and the Eugenics Movement that created the environment for sexual abuse of students with disabilities are discussed. The authors provide a case study about a recent sexual assault and a discussion of the Willowbrook institution where well documented sexual abuse of people with disabilities took place. Age and disability specific sex education, teacher training, and ongoing monitoring are recommended to improve the safety of some of our most vulnerable students.
Violence Against Women Programmes in a North-Eastern French City
Authors: Herzog-Evans Martine
Published: August 2018

In 2013, the author was commissioned by the mayor of City A, North East France, by the prosecutor and the main local social work and reentry charity, Association A, with the mission to evaluate the host of local programmes addressing violence against women (VAW). This qualitative study is still ongoing for one more year, but has already yielded very significant findings, for if at first glance, the desire to do tackle VAW is shared by most practitioners (with the notable exception of family courts), in the field, the reality is quite disheartening. Our first finding is that most practitioners are oblivious to the dangers incurred by battered women and virtually no efficient measure is taken in this respect. Another finding is that practitioners are not organized in collaborative networks and operate sequentially or parallel to each other with virtually no collaboration or information sharing. We also worryingly found a systematic denial of the gendered nature of VAW, with many practitioners clearly believing they are essentially situational with shared responsibility.
An Overview of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Authors: Casarin Annalisa , Tangkiatkumjai Mayuree , Walker Dawn-Marie
Published: August 2018

A treatment that is not recognised as conventional medicine is frequently referred to as part of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods. This Chapter will provide an overview of the several CAM definitions currently proposed and the types of CAM methods. The prevalence of CAM use and the characteristics and attitudes of CAM users will be also explored with a focus on patients with kidney diseases. The reasons for CAM use and the literature on the placebo effects as a debated hypothesis of CAM mechanism of action is presented.
Integrative Medicine and Prospective Research on CAM
Authors: Tangkiatkumjai Mayuree , Casarin Annalisa
Published: August 2018

There is a link between integrative medicine (IM) and prospective research on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). IM is the future direction of CAM and research is needed to support clinical practice. Meaning of IM, proposed models of IM, and existing research on IM will be presented. Prospective research on CAM will cover methodologies presenting randomised controlled trials, harms studies of CAM in kidney disease, and a gap of CAM research. Study design and outcome measures are current challenges in CAM/IM research. Several networks of CAM research worldwide are still working on them and have proposed possible alternative approaches, such as pragmatic clinical trials and cohort multiple randomised controlled trials. These approaches would solve some limitations of randomised controlled trials in CAM research.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Hypertension
Authors: Shatnawi Aymen , Shafer Alison , Ahmed Hytham , Elbarbry Fawzy
Published: August 2018

Thirty six percent of people in USA and Canada regularly use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the prevention and treatment of different diseases, including hypertension. Generally, majority of the hypertensive patients do not disclose the use of such remedies, and also health care providers do not usually ask their hypertensive patients if they use CAM. The widespread consumption of CAM in hypertension requires clear understanding of their underlying mechanism of action, efficacy and safety. This chapter will provide a comprehensive list of CAM commonly used by Americans for the prevention and treatment of hypertension as well as their postulated mechanism of action. Modulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and their safety will also be covered along with the clinical consequences, i.e. drug-herb or herb-disease interactions. patients and healthcare providers should also be careful with using CAM therapies, because not only is there minimal evidence that several CAM products work to treat hypertension, but their safety hasn't been well-established.
Consumers Attitude Towards Healthy Food
Authors: Hosni Hanin , Periklis Drakos , Baourakis George
Published: August 2018

Nowadays the consumer's health consciousness drives the agri-food market. Superfoods or foods with health-related claims, including organic and functional foods, are the latest trend in the food industry. Since entering the market these products are rapidly gaining a remarkable market share worldwide. In this article, the authors conducted a survey of 300 Greek consumers to better understand attitudes towards these products, through the implementation of factor and cluster analysis and linear regression. Analyzing consumers' perception of healthy food products, in particular, organic and functional foods, is the best way to determine the market orientation and to have a clear market segmentation.
Anti-Inflammatory Functional Foods
Authors: Gupta Charu , Pacheco Consuelo , Prakash Dhan
Published: August 2018

Chronic inflammation is caused by an over-expression or lack of control of the normal protective mechanisms and has been linked to heart disease, osteoporosis, cognitive decline and Alzheimer's, type-2 diabetes and arthritis. Current medications include treatment with steroids that reduce inflammation or swelling. Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can cause several side effects and in extreme cases can cause severe haemorrhage and renal effects. There are other various anti-inflammatory nutrients which reduce the level of these biomarkers. The polyphenols show significant anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-DNA damaging effects. Anti-inflammatory foods such as whole grains, fruits and vegetables, which provide valuable antioxidant polyphenols, resveratrol, lycopene, phytosterols, curcuminoids, quercetin, epigallocatechin gallate, phenolic acids, alleviates inflammation, as well as strengthening the immune system. The present chapter would thus focus on the phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance for combating inflammation naturally.
Exploring the Potentials of Antioxidants in Retarding Ageing
Authors: Kesheri Minu , Kanchan Swarna , Sinha Rajeshwar P.
Published: August 2018

In retrospect to the rise in the occurrence of ageing related disorders and the everlasting desire to overcome ageing, exploring the causes, mechanisms and therapies to curb ageing becomes relevant. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are commonly generated during normal growth and development. However abiotic and biotic stresses enhance the level of ROS which in turn pose the threat of oxidative stress. Ability to perceive ROS and to speedily commence antioxidant defenses is crucial for the survival as well as longevity of living cells. Therefore living organisms are bestowed with antioxidants to combat the damages caused by oxidative stress. This chapter aims to elucidate an overview of the process of ageing, generation and enhancement of reactive oxygen species, damages incurred by oxidative stress, its amelioration strategies, therapeutic and biotechnological potentials of antioxidants and various sources of bioactive compounds significant in retardation of aging process.
Brassica Meal as Source of Health Protecting Neuraceutical and Its Antioxidative Properties
Authors: Punetha Himanshu , Kumar Satendra , Mudila Harish , Prakash Om
Published: August 2018

Rapeseed-mustard belongs to the Brassicaceae family and is an important group of oilseed crops, used as spices, medicine and as a source of edible oil since ancient times. Brassica seed meal could be highly regarded as an important component of human nutrition and animal feed due to its good protein content (45-48%), desirable amino acid profile rich in lysine with adequate amount of sulphur containing amino acids and low antinutrient content. The defatted meal is a rich in bioactive principles responsible for health protection such as tocopherol, glucosinolates, phytic acid, carotenoides, folic acid, ascorbic acid, polyphenols and flavonols. The seed meal is characterized by appreciable antiradical activity along with better meal stability properties. The antioxidative properties of edible portions of Brassica are due polyphenolic components. The present review focused on literature available from the neutaceutical component of Brassica meal and its antioxdative properties.
Functional Foods and Cardiac Health
Authors: Passi Santosh Jain
Published: August 2018

Functional foods containing physiologically-active components, have been reported to confer several health benefits. Longitudinal cohort studies indicate that certain foods and dietary patterns play an important role in primary prevention of numerous disease conditions and this has led to the identification of putative functional foods. Research is necessary to substantiate the potential health benefits of various functional foods for which the diet–health relationships have yet not been scientifically validated. The term ‘functional foods' may include health/functional health foods, foods fortified with minerals/vitamins, dietary supplements or even the traditional medicines (Zawistowski, 2014).
Importance of Biotechnology in the Development of Functional Foods in Emerging Countries
Authors: Oliu Carolina Alejandra
Published: August 2018

This chapter seeks to highlight the qualities of functional foods, in relation to those called traditional foods and, from this perspective, the contribution that the use of techniques based on biotechnology can provide to increase the quality of foods, while seeking to reduce diseases derived from a bad or insufficient nutrition in the population. To that end, a brief overview has been prepared on the diverse categories of healthy foods, before delving deeper into the definitions of functional foods. This paper addresses the existing relation and impact of using biotechnology for processing them and, at the same time, it provides a short description of the potential market for functional foods in Chile.
Moderating Effect of Races Towards Consumers' Feeling of TCM Usage
Authors: Chang Dyana Mui Ling , Tam Adeline Yin Ling , Suki Norazah Mohd
Published: August 2018

Malaysia has a multiple number of traditional medical systems that represent of several ethnic varieties of its community. These can be cluster into four main group namely, traditional “native”, traditional Indian, traditional Chinese, and modern medicine. This study was conducted to identify the moderating effects of races on the relationships between safeness, efficacy, trust, holistic view and health awareness, and feeling of TCM usage. About 288 self-administered questionnaire data analysis was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling Approach to the public in Labuan and Sabah, East Malaysia. The moderating effect of races on the relationships between predictor variables such as safeness, efficacy, trust, holistic view and health awareness and criterion variable (i.e. feeling) was evaluated. The study showed that holistic balance view of TCM not significantly influences the TCM usage. Thus, the results of this study are importance to the practical industry application and future research.
Effecting Superior Pain Management Strategies by Combining Technology With Tradition
Authors: Foo CK
Published: August 2018

Today we are witnessing a significant rise in chronic diseases and chronic pain. Modern medicine appears not to be sufficient to relieve symptoms and reduce or eliminate discomfort. The following proffers the need to look at alternate strategies. In particular, it suggests that a solution might lie if we combine modern technology with ancient wisdom and traditional approaches. This chapter serves to highlight strategies for prudent pain management. “Pain is not just from physical disorders but also from combinations of physiological, pathological, emotional, psychological, cognitive, environmental, and social factors. The keys to successful pain control are the mechanisms that initiate and maintain pain.” “Now, the public and health professionals expect to control pain by using preventive and active strategies, including drugs and physical and psychosocial interventions.” (Holdcroft & Power, 2003).
Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Management of Atherosclerosis-Related Chronic Conditions in an Aging Population
Authors: Chan Enoch , Seto Sai Wang , Au Yeung Tsoi Ming , Chan Gabriel Hoi Huen
Published: August 2018

Chronic conditions are important problems for an aging society. They impede on healthy aging and increases the cost of living due to increased medical cost. The most prevalent chronic conditions faced by the elderly population are hypertension, high cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. They increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis, a chronic condition which causes heart attack and stroke. This chapter provides a review on existing therapeutics for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and briefly discusses their side effects. This chapter also provides a brief introduction to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and its development in ancient China. This will be followed by a discussion on the recent research on the use of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and the potentials and challenges of incorporating CHM in mainstream healthcare system.
On the Implementation of a Fragile Medical Image Watermarking Technique Using Saliency and Phase Congruency
Authors: Basu Abhishek , Dutta Soumadeb
Published: August 2018

The recent developments of enormous computer networks have invoked insecurities related to copyright theft of digital media. To be precise, the virtual sharing of medical images over networks with a novel desire of improved medical diagnosis has led to the tampering of sensitive patient identity information. In this chapter, the authors have exemplified the need of watermarking with fragile medical image watermarking using saliency and phase congruency. Initially, the saliency and phase congruency methodologies are applied on the original medical image to highlight the object features. Based on the feature map, a mask is generated which segregates the area of interest from the portions containing visual medical information. An encrypted text, containing identity of the patient, is embedded into the area of interest of the image. The results of imperceptibility and fragility criteria are satisfactory towards the implementation of a fragile watermark as the extracted watermark is found to be corrupted upon unfaithful image processing modifications.
Commutative Watermarking-Encryption of Multimedia Data Based on Histograms
Authors: Schmitz Roland , Li Shujun , Grecos Christos , Zhang Xinpeng
Published: August 2018

Histogram-based watermarking schemes are invariant to pixel permutations and can thus be combined with permutation-based ciphers to form a commutative watermarking-encryption scheme. In this chapter, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for audio data and still image data. Typical histogram-based watermarking schemes based on comparison of histogram bins are prone to desynchronization attacks, where the whole histogram is shifted by a certain amount. These kind of attacks can be avoided by synchronizing the embedding and detection processes, using the mean of the histogram as a calibration point. The resulting watermarking scheme is resistant to three common types of shifts of the histogram, while the advantages of previous histogram-based schemes, especially commutativity of watermarking and permutation-based encryption, are preserved. The authors also report on the results of testing robustness of the still image watermark against JPEG and JPEG2000 compression and on the possibility of using histogram-based watermarks for authenticating the content of an image.
A Tool for Creating Community Knowledge Objects
Authors: Mikolajuk Zbigniew
Published: August 2018

International organizations and government agencies have developed and collected a wealth of knowledge resources relevant to poor communities; however, the people who need these resources most often do not know these materials exist or are unable to access or understand them. Electronic sources of knowledge materials and means of communication are rarely integrated with traditional methods of knowledge delivery. This chapter addresses the issue of knowledge sharing with poor communities and presents a software tool for developing multimedia knowledge materials suitable for people with little or no formal education. A multimedia editor uses a data structure composed of multimedia objects (texts, images, video and audio clips) to generate the knowledge browser. Local specialists with a basic knowledge of computing can modify and customize how the knowledge is presented by adding new materials relevant to the local environment.
A Family of Invisible Friends
Authors: Visaiz Ramon , Skinner Andrea M , Wolfe Spencer , Jones Megan , Van Ostrand Ashley , Arredondo Antonio , Jenkins J. Jacob
Published: August 2018

E-communities (i.e., virtual communities that are established and interact primarily via the internet) are more significant than ever in today's modern workplace. Despite the potential advantages offered by e-communities, however, their formation and maintenance are often hindered by feelings of mistrust, unclear group processes, and limited technical expertise. This study analyzed nearly 2,500 survey responses from 600 students spanning 25 colleges/universities in order to develop practical implications for cultivating a sense of e-community among virtual work teams. Thematic results of our study revealed the significance of brand awareness, interpersonal facilitation, user-friendly design, fiscal barriers, and mobile accessibility. Based on these results, this study concludes with five corresponding implications for cultivating a sense of e-community in the modern workplace: increased integration, expanded physicality, supplemental training, financial entrée, and utilized flexibility.
Consumer Value Trumps Perceived Privacy Risk
Authors: Kukard Wesley A. , Wood Lincoln C.
Published: August 2018

This chapter reviews past radio frequency identification (RFID) literature within the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry and the impact of consumer benefits on the perceived risks of item-level RFID. Two new categories are used to measure this impact; the separation of consumers' interactions with the technology to in-store and after-sales allows the consumers expectation of privacy to changes depending on the surrounding environment. A quantitative survey on primary household grocery purchasers within the USA revealed that while consumers are aware of the associated privacy risks after sale, they would be willing to use the technology, given sufficient benefits. This important step in RFID literature changes the conversation from a privacy risk management focus to a balanced integration of the technology, focusing on consumer benefits to manage the roll-out within the FMCG industry.
Play It Like Burberry!
Authors: Khelladi Insaf , Castellano Sylvaine
Published: August 2018

Some firms and industries were not willing to take full advantage of the internet and its endless opportunities, mainly because they rather focused on the inherent risks and challenges. However, when taking into consideration the specificities of the connected generation, the question is not anymore whether to go online or not, but rather to understand how, when, and where, especially in a luxury context. More specifically, the digital natives represent tomorrow's customers. This new market segment represents a main reason for luxury firms to adopt online strategies. Still, further analysis is needed to uncover the main objectives when firms decide to engage in digital activities. The authors herein investigate the concept of e-reputation. The authors expand on their initial study that focused on brand image and social media as determinants of online reputation. Recommendations and future research directions are suggested.
Management and Operations of Transfusion Medicine
Authors: Sibinga Cees Th. Smit , Oladejo Maruff A.
Published: August 2018

Healthcare includes supportive services like blood transfusion. To manage blood supply and transfusion services, leadership development is paramount. E-learning has become a common global approach in teaching. However, there are limitations. Some are difficult to influence and eliminate. E-learning packages are promoted to effectively deliver education but are still not penetrated in clinical transfusion. Most clinicians have little knowledge of risks and benefits of hemotherapy. E-learning found its way into the field of blood transfusion. However, audits of clinical transfusion practice have demonstrated deficiencies in knowledge and practice that impact patient safety and in some cases result in death. WHO initiated a post-academic master course, “Management of Transfusion Medicine,” focused on leadership in restricted economy countries. This chapter focuses on bridging the knowledge gap in management and operations of transfusion medicine.
What Will Entail Adoption of a Mobile Coaching Service?
Authors: Cacho-Elizondo Silvia , Shahidi Niousha , Tossan Vesselina
Published: August 2018

There is a growing tendency to use smartphones or other mobile devices for healthcare purposes, which offers a huge opportunity to improve public health worldwide and at the same time generates cost efficiencies and higher performance. In that vein, mobile devices make it easier to provide enhanced coaching and follow-up services through text or video messages and also through two-way interaction via social networks (e.g., Facebook) or virtual reality devices (e.g., Oculus). This delivery mode supports individuals or patients trying to break addictions, such as smoking or drinking. The authors propose and validate an explanatory model for the intention to adopt a mobile coaching service and applied it in the context of helping people in their smoking cessation efforts. This chapter uses the concepts of vicarious innovativeness, social influence, perceived monetary value, perceived enjoyment, and perceived irritation as key variables explaining the adoption patterns of this type of mobile coaching service.
The Principle and Process of Digital Fabrication of Biomedical Objects
Authors: Choi S. H. , Cheung H. H. , Zhu W. K.
Published: August 2018

Biomedical objects are used as prostheses to repair damaged bone structures and missing body parts, as well as to study complex human organs and plan surgical procedures. They are, however, not economical to make by traditional manufacturing processes. Researchers have therefore explored the multi-material layered manufacturing (MMLM) technology to fabricate biomedical objects from CAD models. Yet, current MMLM systems remain experimental with limited practicality; they are slow, expensive, and can only handle small, simple objects. To address these limitations, this chapter presents the multi-material virtual prototyping (MMVP) technology for digital fabrication of complex biomedical objects cost-effectively. MMVP integrates MMLM with virtual reality to fabricate biomedical objects for stereoscopic visualization and analyses to serve biomedical engineering purposes. This chapter describes the principle of MMVP and the processes of digital fabrication of biomedical objects. Case studies are presented to demonstrate these processes and their applications in biomedical engineering.
Reverse Engineering in Rehabilitation
Authors: Mikołajewska Emilia , Macko Marek , Szczepański Zbigniew , Mikołajewski Dariusz
Published: August 2018

Reverse engineering is relatively novel technology, which may revolutionize clinical practice in rehabilitation. This technology may constitute a next step toward patient-tailored therapy, providing customized medical products and increasing effectivity and accessibility of rehabilitation procedures and decreasing cost of manufacturing and time of delivery. Such opportunities need separate research, assessment of associated threats, and dedicated solutions. This chapter aims at investigating the extent to which the available opportunities in the area of application of reverse engineering in rehabilitation are being exploited, including concepts, studies, and observations.
Digital Animation for Representing Architectural Design
Authors: Spallone Roberta
Published: August 2018

Since the late nineties digital movies have emerged as one of the main methods for submission of architectural designs at international competitions, public presentations, and shares on websites of contemporary masters. The chapter highlights how the ability to access the fourth dimension, through the construction of a sequence of images, constitutes a specific prerogative of digital representation, which goes beyond the static constraint imposed by conventional methods of representation. The author investigates the methods, techniques, and languages of the fourth-dimensional communication of architecture. The chapter provides analysis and critiques of the case studies collected by the author from the beginning of the phenomenon and traces an ideal interpretation path, due both to the changing technologies and the emerging specific languages.
Architecture of an Open-Source Real-Time Distributed Cyber Physical System
Authors: Scanzio Stefano
Published: August 2018

Cyber physical systems are based on a number of nodes connected through a communication network, which can interact with the environment. In this chapter, a completely open-source architecture of a cyber physical system based on off-the-shelf components will be presented. Its main characteristics are high real-time capabilities and the use of both wired and IEEE 802.11 wireless technologies for communication. The Linux operating system installed on common personal computers and communication technologies derived from the IT world make the proposed architecture highly customizable, inexpensive, and performing. Moreover, the presence of a time synchronization service allows the sharing of time between nodes. Specific software and techniques, some based on synchronized nodes, are used to increase determinism and reliability in both wired and wireless extensions.
Enhancing the Resiliency of Smart Grid Monitoring and Control
Authors: Zhao Wenbing
Published: August 2018

In this chapter, the authors present the justification and a feasibility study of applying the Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) technology to electric power grid health monitoring. They propose a set of BFT mechanisms needed to handle the PMU data reporting and control commands issuing to the IEDs. They report an empirical study to assess the feasibility of using the BFT technology for reliable and secure electric power grid health monitoring and control. The authors show that under the LAN environment, the overhead and jitter introduced by the BFT mechanisms are negligible, and consequently, Byzantine fault tolerance could readily be used to improve the security and reliability of electric power grid monitoring and control while meeting the stringent real-time communication requirement for SCADA operations.
Methodology of Climate Change Impact Assessment on Forests
Authors: Jafari Mostafa
Published: August 2018

Climate change is one of the challenging issues in various countries. Climate change and climate variability and global warming and its effects on natural resources, plants, animals, and on human life are among the subjects that received the attention of scientists and politicians in recent years. Climate change challenges need to be considered in various dimensions. To both understand the present climate and to predict future climate change, it is necessary to have both theory and empirical observation. Any study of climate change involves the construction (or reconstruction) of time series of climate data. How these climate data vary across time provides a measure (either quantitative or qualitative) of climate change. Types of climate data include temperature, precipitation (rainfall), wind, humidity, evapotranspiration, pressure, and solar irradiance. This chapter explores a methodology of measuring climate change's impact on forests.
Model for Assessment of Environmental Responsibility in Health Care Organizations
Authors: Carnero María Carmen
Published: August 2018

Sustainability is considered a paradigm for businesses in the 21st century. Despite this, the existing tools for helping to introduce strategies and manage activities to promote sustainable business are few. These deficiencies become more important in healthcare organizations owing to their particular conditions of resource consumption and waste production. It is, therefore, essential to have objective tools to assist in monitoring environmental sustainability in this type of organization. This chapter therefore sets out a multicriteria assessment system constructed by extension to a fuzzy environment of the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal situation (TOPSIS) to assess the environmental responsibility of a healthcare organization. This model allows joint evaluation of a significant number of decision criteria. The aim is to provide a hospital with a model that is easy to apply, with criteria specific to healthcare, and that allows its responsibility with regard to the environment to be monitored over time. The model has been used in a public hospital.
Potential Benefits and Current Limits in the Development of Demand Response
Authors: Bruno Clementina
Published: August 2018

This chapter, after defining demand response (DR) and its potential benefits, illustrates a set of challenges to DR development. A brief review of recent contributions on DR is provided, illustrating that such challenges can come from different sources. Regulatory, technical, or socio-economic challenges are considered and discussed. Finally, inter-disciplinary research is suggested as solution to overcome challenges, and some examples of future research directions with respect to economics and social science are provided.
Application of Geospatial Mashups in Web GIS for Tourism Development
Authors: Chaudhuri Somnath , Ray Nilanjan
Published: August 2018

This chapter examines current development in Web GIS with the implementation of geospatial mashup technologies, such as Google Map, in the context of map mashups and presents a classification of map Mashups and their application in tourism management and promotion. On the Web GIS context, mashup is the process of merging multiple sources of data, both spatial and non-spatial, into a single integrated spatial display. It is about extracting spatial data from a non-spatial source and combining with other spatial data and finally displaying it on a map. This chapter demonstrates that geospatial mashup has great potential to facilitate and widen the rapid development of the future web mapping technology in Web GIS in tourism development. It also highlights on the basic architecture and working principles of map mashups in the context of tourism management. The final section of this chapter emphasizes some issues and limitations inherent to the current mashup technologies like privacy protection, copyright issues, etc., which need to be worked out before its wider adoption.
Visible Light Communication Numerous Applications
Authors: Khalifeh Ala' Fathi , Farahneh Hasan , Mekhiel Christopher , Fernando Xavier
Published: August 2018

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising research topic that aims at utilizing the visible light spectrum for data communication, which in turn off-loads the heavily utilized wireless radio spectrum. VLC can take advantage of the increased use of light emitting diodes (LED) for lighting purposes in different fields, such as automotive headlights, traffic signals, advertising, aviation, and general lighting. Utilizing solid-state LEDs for lighting purposes not only saves energy but also can be used for data communication since LEDs can be easily modulated by switching the light on and off in frequencies above the human eye perception. This data can be transmitted in addition to the main lighting functionality of these devices. VLC is relatively easy to implement and safe, as it does not have potential side effects like the radio signals. As such, this new technology has a great potential for adoption in several applications. This chapter will briefly introduce the technology and discuss some potential indoors and outdoors applications.
Brazil-United Kingdom Dance Medicine and Science Network as a Place for Poetic Preparation Research
Authors: Bittar Adriano Jabur , Figueiredo Valéria M. Chaves , Ferreira Alexandre Donizete
Published: August 2018

This article presents the Brazil-United Kingdom (BR-UK) Dance Medicine and Science (DMS) Network as a potent place for poetic-creative research. Through the BR-UK DMS Network, institutions such as the University of Wolverhampton, a leader in the DMS field, the National Institute of Dance Medicine and Science, formed by this University and Birmingham Royal Ballet, One Dance UK, Trinity Laban and University of Birmingham, started, in 2016, a broad dialogue with the Brazilian State Universities of Goiás and Campinas, Federal Universities of Goiás, São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Federal Institutes of Goiás and Brasília and Salgado de Oliveira University, as well as with other stakeholders from the private sector and individuals, in order to create an international cooperation. The main objective is to develop research and collaborative services during a 15-year period, establishing transdisciplinary ways for the advancement of the partnership between Dance, Science and Health.
Privacy-Friendly Wi-Fi-Based Occupancy Estimation with Minimal Resources
Authors: Makri E. , ten Brinke J. , Evers R. , Man P. , Olthof H.
Published: August 2018

Occupancy estimation is becoming an increasingly popular research topic, as solutions can be deployed both to the challenges of demand-driven ambient comfort control applications, and to the challenges of building safety and security. With this article, the authors aim to estimate the number of people in a particular area of a building, using only existing infrastructure. To achieve this, information is collected from the Wi-Fi Access Points installed throughout a building, in such a way that the privacy of the persons using the Wi-Fi resources remains intact. While several approaches have been proposed to address the occupancy question, the main contribution lies in that the solution uses only standard Wi-Fi infrastructure, already deployed in any modern building. In addition, the authors claim that their solution comes at virtually zero cost, as their mechanisms add negligible network traffic, using minimal network and processing resources, and it does not require specialised hardware.
The Extraction of Metal Contaminants Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Kang Sesik , Ju Minsu , Kim Junghoon
Published: August 2018

Conventional decontamination methods utilize water-based systems, which generate high amounts of secondary wastes. Herein, the authors describe an environmentally benign decontamination method using liquid and supercritical CO2. The use of CO2 as a solvent affords effective waste reduction by its ability to be recycled, thereby leaving behind only the contaminants upon its evaporation. In this study, a CO2 solution process was assessed using t-butyl salen (t-salen), dicyclohexano-18Crown6 (DC18C6), 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQN), perfluoro-1-octanesulfonic acid tetra-ethylammonium salt (NEt4PFOSA), and pentadecafluorooctanoic acid ammonium salt (NEt4PFOA) to extract spiked radioactive contaminants (Nb, Zr, Co, Sr) from an inert sample matrix, namely with filter paper. With the static extraction method, Sr was extracted with a maximum extraction rate of 97%, and Nb was extracted with a maximum extraction rate of 75%. Additionally, the authors were also able to extract Co and Zr with maximum extraction rates of 73% and 64%, respectively.
A Framework for “Just-in-Time Learning” Decision Support in Organizations
Authors: Salisbury Mark
Published: August 2018

This article describes an integrated “Just-in-Time Learning” framework for providing decision support in organizations. The framework emerges from years of work with the national laboratories and facilities that are under the direction of the United States Department of Energy. The article begins by describing expert systems technology and how it has been used to provide decision support in organizations. This is followed by a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of expert systems technology for this purpose. Next, a “Just-in-Time Learning” framework is introduced where the theoretical foundation for the framework is described. Afterwards, the other aspects of the framework including the types of knowledge, learners it serves, and how the framework can be utilized for decision support are detailed. Finally, a discussion section summarizes how a Just-in-Time Learning Framework can achieve some of the strengths -- while overcoming some of the weaknesses -- of expert system technology for providing decision support in organizations.
Optimum Utilization of Resources Through Restricted Virtual Machine Migration and Efficient VM Placement in Cloud Data Center
Authors: Shaw Subhadra Bose , Singh Anil Kumar , Tripathi Shailesh
Published: August 2018

In infrastructure-as-a-service (IAAS) cloud platforms, it is a real challenge to provide high performance gain by the optimum utilization of resources while maintaining minimum consumption of energy. The existing research works show that reduction in energy consumption causes violation of service level agreement (SLA). In this article, the concept of probability has been used to take the migration decision of virtual machines (VM) from over-utilized as well as under-utilized nodes. A novel method has also been proposed for selecting the destination server where a migrated VM will be placed. This method is based on the current utilization of CPU, memory and network bandwidth. The proposed scheme maintains a balance between energy consumption and performance gain. Results obtained through trace driven simulation demonstrate that the probability-based migration scheme achieves energy-performance trade-off whereas the VM placement method shows a very high gain in performance.
Supporting Innovation Through Analytics Support for Market Intelligence
Authors: Jamil George Leal , Tadeu Hugo Ferreira Braga
Published: August 2018

Market intelligence (MI) has evolved as a strong concept in last years. After debates which produced various views, a stable conceptual base was reached. Here, MI is studied with the insertion of analytics. The influence of analytics insertion in market intelligence cycle potentializes MI dynamicity, delivering knowledge in a more prompter way for strategic marketing planning decisions, serving both as an example of organizational strategic alignment and fast tactical planning, specially resulting in a context where innovation – product, process, market and organizational types – and its associated management are improved. Reflections around competitive strengths and related perspectives are studied at the end of this text, enabling further discussions and application unfolding.
Cloud Based 3D Printing Business Modeling in the Digital Economy
Authors: Gwangwava Norman , Ude Albert U , Ogunmuyiwa Enock , Addo-Tenkorang Richard
Published: August 2018

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is becoming the industry standard for manufacturing and prototyping. Although the technology is very old, it gained a huge traction in the past two decades. 3D printing favors unique once-off orders (mass customization) in contrast to mass production. This calls for innovative business models in order to realize economic gains from the technology. Increased product innovations in the global economy also contribute to wide adoption of 3D printing unlike in the old days. A transition in the manufacturing field has brought e-manufacturing and now cloud-based manufacturing. Machines, including 3D printers, in the past were not Internet-enabled but modern designs have the capability of Internet connectivity. Cloud-based 3D printing is a new model of design that has a significant impact on today's entrepreneurs. This article focuses on a business case for a cloud-based approach in consumer product niches. A cloud-based 3D printing business model (3D-Cloud) is developed based on the business model canvas, which promises major breakthroughs in e-entrepreneurship innovation. The model uses a virtual community approach to bring together technocrats, enthusiasts, and shared 3D printer facilities of common interests, whilst promoting an enterprising spirit.
Adaptive Learning in Deploying National E-District Plan of India
Authors: Pandey Sharadindu
Published: August 2018

This article focuses on developing a practical model based on adaptive governance literature for the context of the national e-district plan of the Government of India, which was launched in 2011. The plan has a three-tier implementation structure, a periodic review at a national level, monitoring, and facilitation at the state level and operation at the district level. Different states have implemented the plan in a local context. This article uses the data and minutes of the proceedings that took place over five years of time among the implementation agencies. The findings compile how the plan has contributed to diffusing accountability and bringing efficiency in governance in the context of e-governance in India.
Institutional Arrangements in E-Government Implementation and Use
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin
Published: August 2018

E-government implementation and use within local government organizations is complicated by a number of institutional arrangements. Previous studies highlight that institutional arrangements influence the success and failure of e-government. While some studies claim that institutional arrangements constrain e-government implementation and use, other studies argue that institutional arrangements enable the implementation and use of e-government. Current findings show a lack of understanding of institutional arrangements in e-government implementation and use. Present studies also tend to simplify the government organization as a subject of institutional pressure. Through the lens of institutional theory, this study intends to explain how institutional arrangements emerge and influence e-government implementation and use within two local governments in Indonesia. The findings show that institutional arrangements (legitimacy, regulation, standards, and socio-economic environment) have emerged and significantly influence the implementation and use of e-government. These findings contribute to understanding of the influence of institutional arrangements in e-government implementation and use.
Improving Polarity Classification for Financial News Using Semantic Similarity Techniques
Authors: Im Tan Li , San Phang Wai , Anthony Patricia , On Chin Kim
Published: August 2018

This article discusses polarity classification for financial news articles. The proposed Semantic Sentiment Analyser makes use of semantic similarity techniques, sentiment composition rules, and the Positivity/Negativity (P/N) ratio in performing polarity classification. An experiment was conducted to compare the performance of three semantic similarity metrics namely HSO, LESK, and LIN to find the semantically similar pair of word as the input word. The best similarity technique (HSO) is incorporated into the sentiment analyser to find the possible polarity carrier from the analysed text before performing polarity classification. The performance of the proposed Semantic Sentiment Analyser was evaluated using a set of manually annotated financial news articles. The results obtained from the experiment showed that the proposed SSA was able to achieve an F-Score of 90.89% for all cases classification.
Predictive Reactive Approach for Energy-Aware Scheduling and Control of Flexible Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Meziane Mohammed El Amine , Taghezout Noria
Published: August 2018

Manufacturing processes are responsible for a considerable amount of global energy consumption and world CO2 emissions. Reducing energy consumption during manufacturing is considered one of the most important strategies in contributing to the green supply chain. In this context, the authors propose a new predictive-reactive approach to control energy consumption during manufacturing processes. In addition to forecasting the energy needs, the proposed approach controls the uncertainty of energy volatility and limits energy waste during manufacturing processes. With the integration of this economic-environmental manufacturing efficiency in supply chains, and controlling uncertainty, this approach positively contributes to green and agile supply chains. A multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-2) is proposed as a predictive method, and a new reactive method is developed to dynamically control the energy consumption throughout the peak energy consumption in real time. The approach was tested on the AIP-PRIMECA benchmark, which reflects a real production cell.
Ordering Policy Using Multi-Level Association Rule Mining
Authors: Agarwal Reshu , Pareek Sarla , Sarkar Biswajit , Mittal Mandeep
Published: August 2018

In this article, an inventory model for a retailer's ordering policy is studied. Multi-level association rule mining is used to find frequent item-sets at each level by applying different threshold at different levels. During order quantity estimation, category, content, and brand of the items are considered, which leads to the discovery of more specific and concrete knowledge of the required order quantity. At each level, optimum order quantity of frequent items is determined. This assists inventory manager to order optimal quantity of items as per the actual requirement of the item with respect to their category, content and brand. An example is devised to explain the new approach. Further, to understand the effect of above approach in the real scenario, experiments are conducted on the exiting dataset.