bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing an algorithm to identify individuals with psychosis in secondary care in England: application using the Mental Health Services Data Set
Authors: de Oliveira Claire , Matias Maria Ana , Aragon Aragon María José , Anaya Montes Misael , Osborn David , Jacobs Rowena
Published: February 2025

Background

There is currently no definitive method for identifying individuals with psychosis in secondary care on a population-level using administrative healthcare data from England.

Aims

To develop various algorithms to identify individuals with psychosis in the Mental Health Services Data Set (MHSDS), guided by national estimates of the prevalence of psychosis.

Method

Using a combination of data elements in the MHSDS for financial years 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 (mental health cluster (a way to describe and classify a group of individuals with similar characteristics), Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) scores, reason for referral, primary diagnosis, first-episode psychosis flag, early intervention in psychosis team flag), we developed 12 unique algorithms to detect individuals with psychosis seen in secondary care. The resulting numbers were then compared with national estimates of the prevalence of psychosis to ascertain whether they were reasonable or not.

Results

The 12 algorithms produced 99 204–138 516 and 107 545–134 954 cases of psychosis for financial years 2017–2018 and 2018–2019, respectively, in line with national prevalence estimates. The numbers of cases of psychosis identified by the different algorithms differed according to the type and number (3–6) of data elements used. Most algorithms identified the same core of patients.

Conclusions

The MHSDS can be used to identify individuals with psychosis in secondary care in England. Users can employ several algorithms to do so, depending on the objective of their analysis and their preference regarding the data elements employed. These algorithms could be used for surveillance, research and/or policy purposes.
Hope in a Warming World: Rereading Adorno on Progress
Authors: Frelek Andrzej
Published: February 2025

This article argues for the value inherent in rereading Theodor Adorno’s 1962 essay “Progress,” placing his thoughts in the context of the climate crisis and arguing for the necessity of retaining a form of negative hope in critical theory. First, the article retraces his analysis of the relation between history and catastrophe, itself indebted to the writings of Walter Benjamin. Second, the article shows how Adorno relates the aforementioned idea to the historical genealogy of philosophies of progress and their theological inheritance. Third, the article focuses on his critical reworking of the concept of progress and its relation to the dialectic of freedom and unfreedom. Finally, the article attempts to place Adorno’s ideas in the context of the dangers posed by the climate crisis, showing that his thought remains extremely relevant to the present historical situation.
Precise photopharmacological eradication of metastatic tumor cells
Authors: Varady Adam , Grissenberger Sarah , Wenninger-Weinzierl Andrea , Poplimont Hugo , Sturtzel Caterina , Schmitner Nicole , Gao Li , Kimmel Robin A. , Distel Martin
Published: February 2025

Owing to their high efficacy, antimitotic chemotherapeutics are the mainstay for most cancer treatments. However, these drugs do not discriminate between tumor and healthy cells, thus show dose-limiting toxicity and severe adverse effects. To improve treatments, rendering chemotherapeutics tumor-cell specific is highly desirable. Although various strategies, such as targeted antibody–drug conjugates, aim to achieve this goal, the identification of a tumor-specific ‘Achilles' heel’ remains a challenge. Here, we followed an alternative approach, which does not rely on tumor-specific characteristics, but rather uses spatially confined illumination of the light-activatable microtubule inhibitor SBTubA4P to target its cytotoxic activity to tumor cells. We demonstrate that localized illumination of SBTubA4P allows for precise eradication of disseminated sarcoma cells in zebrafish xenografts without inducing systemic toxicity. In addition to the already-described light-dependent inhibition of microtubule dynamics by SBTubA4P, our data indicate that this molecule creates reactive oxygen species upon UV illumination, which significantly increases its cytotoxic effects. SBTubA4P is a valuable addition to the precision oncology toolbox, and zebrafish xenografts constitute a well-suited model to investigate photoactivatable compounds in vivo.
Does Turnover Inhibit Specialization? Evidence from a Skill Survey in Peru
Authors: Atencio-De-Leon Andrea , Lee Munseob , Macaluso Claudia
Published: February 2025

We design, pilot, and field a new survey of job skills in Peru to investigate human capital differences between poor and rich countries. Peruvian jobs have markedly more uniform skill profiles than jobs in the United States. On the other hand, matching frictions are no more severe than in the United States, and recruiting technology is largely equivalent as well. We propose a stylized model in the O-ring tradition, in which a labor demand preference for unspecialized workers can endogenously arise when there is uncertainty about labor availability. (JEL J22, J23, J24, J41, J46, O15)
Assessment of occupational noise‐related hearing impairment among dental health personnel
Authors: Afroz Mohammed , Akhter Fatema , Bitar Road , Sarhan Esmat , Alidan Faisal , Alahmed Esraa
Published: February 2025

Background Dental professionals are exposed to either high level of noise which often becomes annoying over a time, and it is largely related to turbines and suctions used during the procedure. We performed this study with an aim to examine the occupational noise related hearing impairment among dentists and to know the need for efforts to reduce its impact on young dentists. Methods The study group comprised of 102 dentists (53 males and 49 females) final year dental students, interns and board students of family dentistry, endodontics, prosthodontics was enrolled between the age of 22 years to 33 years having a mean age of 25.60 years. The sound level meter is switched on to know the base noise level in the clinics and to know hearing ability of the dentist through a pre – recorded verbal communication. When the dentist starts the procedure, the same verbal communication is re-introduced and based on his reaction the decibel level is increased to a point where he can understand it. The same is followed after the procedure. Results Using T – test the age and gender mean was assessed, while ANNOVA test was used to know the hearing impairment and its mean before, during and after procedure. We have found that before the procedure has started the mean general sound level in the clinics is 61.70 dB while during the procedure this mean sound level rises to 73.38dB suggesting there is an imminent increase of sound during the procedure and thereby associated impairment as males had a hearing mean of 58.37dB before the start of procedure which increased to 63.36dB during the procedure and after the procedure the mean is 61.91dB; while for the females it was 58.60dB before the start of procedure while during the procedure the mean increased to 64.51dB and after the procedure the mean is 61.03dB suggesting an eminent impairment in the hearing ability even though the procedure is completed. Discussion and Conclusion We have highlighted few guidelines from various studies which range from reducing multiple turbine usage at a given point of treatment wherever possible to a recommendation to use ear plugs for those procedures related to high noise levels. Although there are few noise cancellation devices in the market, dental professionals need something that is specific to their requirements, because commercially available products are built and developed for other purposes. Our study was not able to highlight which procedures have a greater noise impact to suggest specific recommendations.
Validation of the Thai version of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI) among Thai nursing students in northeast Thailand: A multi-centre study
Authors: Summart Ueamporn , Sangruangake Monthida , Charoensaen Jumrusluk , Suebsoontorn Wiraporn , Songthamwat Metha
Published: February 2025

Background The Thai version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI) has been verified among a variety of populations. However, there is a lack of existing research on its comprehensive psychometric properties, specifically when used with nursing students. This study examined the WHOQOL-BREF’s unique psychometric features with Thai nursing students in northeast Thailand. Methods In this cross-sectional study, Thai nursing students were recruited using multi-stage simple random sampling from universities located in the northeast of Thailand. The data was collected via self-assessment questionnaires, and the 3,570 participants were then randomly split into two subsamples (group 1, n=2,000, and group 2, n=1,570). After reducing the number of items using statistical methods, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out on group 1 to explore the factor structure of the WHOQOL-BREF-THAI. Finally, group 2 was used in a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the EFA’s modified structure along with an assessment of the construct validity of the WHOQOL-BREF-THAI. Results Principal component analysis on a random subsample supported a four-factor model with 24 items, originally suggested for factorial construct validity; these 24 items were distributed across the original four domain. The domain structure for the purpose showed a good fit in the CFA on the other subsample. Internal reliability was satisfactory (Cronbach’s alpha was greater than 0.70) for both the total scale and subscales. In terms of convergent validity, average variance extracted (AVE) revealed that all WHOQOL-BREF-THAI subscales achieved convergence, with AVE values ranging from 0.50 to 0.69. Conclusion These results reveal that the WHOQOL-BREF-THAI is a valid and reliable tool which health care providers can utilize to measure QOL among Thai nursing students. Therefore, the WHOQOL-BREF can serve as an essential tool for researching the factors influencing nursing students’ QOL, with implications for nursing education.
How walkable are our cities for older adults? Mediation of comfort, convenience, and aesthetics
Authors: Rao Akshatha , Nandineni Rama Devi
Published: February 2025

Background This study investigates the mediating role of comfort (CMT), convenience (CNV), and aesthetics (AST) in the relationship between the enablers of an age-friendly built environment for walkability (BEW) and outcomes such as increased physical activity level (IPL), increased socialization (ISL), and improved quality of life (IQL) in older adults. The research emphasizes the importance of creating age-friendly environments to support the well-being and quality of life of older adults, with implications for urban planners and policymakers to promote sustainable and inclusive design. Methods The research follows a positivist paradigm using a quantitative approach and survey strategy with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 333 older adults was selected using the convenience sampling technique, and data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire. Results Findings from hypothesis testing indicate that, among the enablers, age-friendly urban design policies (AUP) are the most significant construct, positively impacting all three mediating variables. AST was found to have a significant positive effect on IPL and ISL, while CMT and CNV significantly influenced IPL and IQL, respectively. Conclusion These results suggest implications for urban planners and policymakers to enhance the contribution of BEW toward IPL, ISL, and IQL for older adults. The research offers valuable insights for academics and practitioners, emphasizing the importance of sustainable design while ensuring inclusivity to promote the well-being and quality of life of older adults.
Estudiar el periodismo en contextos inestables
Authors: Amado Adriana , García Ramírez Diego Alonso
Published: February 2025

Editorial: Volumen 18, Número 1 (enero-junio, 2025)
Strategic Idling in Appointment Systems with Sequential Servers
Authors: Goh You Hui , Li Zihao , Yan Zhenzhen
Published: February 2025

Problem definition: This paper addresses an appointment scheduling problem involving multiple sequential servers using a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) approach. Two decisions are optimized: the schedule for patient visits and an adjusting policy to rebalance customers’ waiting time across servers. Methodology/results: We formulate the distributionally robust appointment scheduling problem in sequential-servers systems using conic optimization, incorporating service time correlations. We find that the traditional cost-minimization approach results in imbalanced waiting times, concentrated at downstream servers. To address this, we propose strategically idling upstream servers, inspired by queueing literature, and develop a DRO model to jointly optimize the schedule and strategic idling (SI) policy. Through extensive numerical studies, we thoroughly examine the role of SI in a system’s performance and the effect of correlation information on the optimal schedule and SI policy. Finally, using data from a clinic, we conduct a case study to demonstrate the performance advantage of our SI policy, over existing SI policies in the literature. Managerial implications: First, our SI model provides a jointly optimal schedule and SI policy that is effective in balancing waiting times across servers, in some scenarios, and also reduces total waiting time, with the cost borne by the service provider’s overtime. Second, the typical dome-shaped schedule provides an advantage in systems with multiple congested servers, as it evenly distributes congestion across servers. Finally, incorporating correlations lessens the expected cost and improves the patients’ waiting experience with balanced waiting time across servers.

Funding: Z. Yan received financial support from the Ministry of Education, Singapore [AcRF Tier 1 Grant RG20/23] and the School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Collaborative Research Award (2024).

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0278 .
The Stochastic Dynamic Postdisaster Inventory Allocation Problem with Trucks and UAVs
Authors: van Steenbergen R. M. , van Heeswijk W. J. A. , Mes M. R. K.
Published: February 2025

Humanitarian logistics operations face increasing difficulties due to rising demands for aid in disaster areas. This paper investigates the dynamic allocation of scarce relief supplies across multiple affected districts over time. It introduces a novel stochastic dynamic postdisaster inventory allocation problem (SDPDIAP) with trucks and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) delivering relief goods under uncertain supply and demand. The relevance of this humanitarian logistics problem lies in the importance of considering the intertemporal social impact of deliveries. We achieve this by considering social costs (transportation and deprivation costs) when allocating scarce supplies. Furthermore, we consider the inherent uncertainties of disaster areas and the potential use of cargo UAVs to enhance operational efficiency. This study proposes two anticipatory solution methods based on approximate dynamic programming, specifically decomposed linear value function approximation (DL-VFA) and neural network value function approximation (NN-VFA) to effectively manage uncertainties in the dynamic allocation process. We compare DL-VFA and NN-VFA with various state-of-the-art methods (e.g., exact reoptimization and proximal policy optimization) and results show a 6%–8% improvement compared with the best benchmarks. NN-VFA provides the best performance and captures nonlinearities in the problem, whereas DL-VFA shows excellent scalability against a minor performance loss. From a practical standpoint, the experiments reveal that consideration of social costs results in improved allocation of scarce supplies both across affected districts and over time. Finally, results show that deploying UAVs can play a crucial role in the allocation of relief goods, especially in the first stages after a disaster. The use of UAVs reduces transportation and deprivation costs together by 16%–20% and reduces maximum deprivation times by 19%–40% while maintaining similar levels of demand coverage, showcasing efficient and effective operations.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on TSL Conference 2023.
Formulation and sensory characterization of andean bread enriched with olluco flour (ullucus tuberosus)
Authors: Cárdenas-Jarama Martín , Bohórquez-Medina Andrea L. , Bohórquez-Medina Sofía L. , Cardenas Agurto Carlos , Guillen Rojas Karen
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Bread is a staple food that provides carbohydrates, proteins, and essential micronutrients. Recently, there has been an increased interest in alternative flours, such as those from tubers, due to their health benefits, such as higher fiber and resistant starch content, which promote satiety and improve glycemic control.  Methodology: This study evaluated the sensory acceptability of olluco flour, a Peruvian tuber, in bread making. Three samples were prepared with 30%, 50%, and 70% olluco flour, assessed by a panel of ten experts using a 9-point Likert scale and a 10-point star diagram. For the analysis of the sensory evaluation data, the spps and excel programs were used.  Results: The sensory analysis showed that the inclusion of olluco flour is viable, but concentrations above 50% negatively affected overall acceptability. The bread with 30% olluco flour achieved the best balance between nutritional value and sensory quality.  Conclusion: The incorporation of olluco flour in bread is a promising strategy to enrich baked products with nutritious ingredients. The properties of olluco also allow for its application in other recipes, reducing calories and improving texture. Future studies should explore optimal formulations and broader applications.
From Manual to Digital: Transforming Hospital Nutrition with Nutri-has-Pro Application
Authors: MUSNADY  , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , SYAUKI Andi Yasmin , AMINUDDIN  , BUKHARI Agussalim , ASHARI Nur
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Background: Hospital malnutrition is a serious issue, often caused by inadequate food intake and underlying diseases. In Makassar, malnutrition in hospitals is 28.1%, higher than provincial and national levels. This can lead to more extended hospital stays, higher costs, and increased risks of complications. To improve care, the Nutrihas-Pro app was developed to help plan patient meals more efficiently. Automatically calculating an individual's energy requirements saves time and reduces errors, leading to better patient outcomes.; Methods: The study uses an experimental design with repeated measures to compare two methods (manual vs. app). The research was conducted over four weeks at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. A sample of 30 participants (Residents from the Clinical Nutrition Specialist Program) were selected based on purposive sampling. In stage 1, each sample was given 2 cases of malnutrition patients to perform according to the manual calculation procedure; 2 weeks later, the same participants performed the same cases by application.; Results: The study revealed a significant difference in time efficiency between the Nutrihas-Pro app and the manual method (89.53 ± 17.52 seconds vs. 297.5 ± 39.08 seconds, p=0.000). However, both methods showed similar accuracy in calculating energy requirements, with no statistically significant difference in results (p=0.096), demonstrating that the Nutrihas-Pro app is both faster and equally accurate. Conclusions: The Nutrihas-Pro App reduced the time required for meal planning by more than 60-70%, making it a valuable tool for clinical nutritionists, especially in time-constrained environments.
Concurrent validation and reliability of the silhouette scale to assess body image in adolescents living in a high altitude region of Peru
Authors: Sanchez Macedo Lucila , Fuentes-Lopez Jose , Villegas-Abril Claudia , Ayala-Pineda Kelly
Published: February 2025

Background: To verify the validity and reliability of the silhouette scale to assess self-perception of body image in adolescents living in a high altitude region.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed in 1149 adolescents (366 males and 783 females) with an age range of 12 to 17 years from an altitude region of Peru. The actual weight and height of the adolescents were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI) and Tri-ponderal Index (TPI) were calculated. Body image was evaluated through the silhouette method proposed by Stunkard (scale from 1 to 9 silhouettes).
Results: There was a moderate correlation between the silhouette scale and anthropometric indicators (BMI and TPI) in both sexes. In females it was (R= 0.52 to 0.56, p<0.000) and in males (R= 0.34 to 0.47, p<0.000). The limits of agreement of the Bland-Altman plot reflected a high degree of agreement between the measures (retest). The correlation coefficient of agreement in males was R=0.83. In females it was R= 0.90 and in both sexes it was R= 0.88. The mean differences in males were 0.18 points, in females 0.08 points and in both sexes 0.11 points.
Conclusion: The Stunkard silhouette scale is valid and reliable to assess body image in adolescents of both sexes in a high altitude region of Peru. The results suggest its use and application in contexts where anthropometric equipment is lacking
Wildlife disease surveillance from village to peak: Trypanosome infections of mammals on Sulawesi revealed higher prevalence in intact montane forests
Authors: Adams Amy L. , Achmadi Anang S. , Mursyid Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Zoonotic diseases, including those carried by mammalian hosts, pose a significant threat to human health worldwide and substantial investment in wildlife disease surveillance is aimed at identifying the risk of spillover from wildlife to human populations where they interact. However, host species diversity is highest in the most intact habitats away from human habitation and most of the potential host species within these habitats are unsampled for infections. This is particularly true in biodiverse tropical ecosystems where the prevalence and identity of infections are the least known. We screened for presence of trypanosomes in 2,335 specimens from 66 species of rodents and shrews sampled from 11 mountain areas on the tropical island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Our sampling spanned from the edge of human occupation into the most intact forests available on the island with sampling elevations ranging from 220 to 2,700 m. The two most common Trypanosoma species we detected were a native species from the Theileri clade (19.0 % of samples) and an introduced species from the Lewisi clade (5.1 % of murid rodent samples). Both species were detected at all elevations, extending from village edges to mountain peaks, but both reached their highest prevalence above 2,000 m elevation in the most intact forest away from human habitation. If these patterns with trypanosome infections are typical of other zoonotic diseases, wildlife disease surveillance would need to shift resources to study host-pathogen dynamics in more remote ecosystems. Sampling focused on the breadth of biodiversity, such as collected by and housed in natural history collections, is needed to further our understanding of zoonotic diseases and their prevalence.
Mammals of Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, Utah: assessing diversity, and effects of long-term wetland management on native and introduced species
Authors: Rickart Eric , Rowe Rebecca J. , Coconis Alexandra C. , Robson Shannen L.
Published: February 2025

Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, one of the most isolated wildlife refuges in the lower 48 US states, was established with the singular purpose of transforming a natural desert wetland into managed habitat for migratory waterfowl. The longitudinal effects of wildlife management on non-target species are rarely examined. In this study, we used specimen-based evidence from historical and modern surveys to 1) compile a list of the mammal fauna of Fish Springs NWR, 2) identify other regional species from within the eastern Great Basin that may occur on the refuge but have yet to be detected, and 3) assess how 60 years of intensive waterfowl management may have affected mammal diversity and abundance. Results document 33 species of mammals currently (or formerly) present at Fish Springs. It is likely that several additional species, primarily small mammals (shrews, bats, and rodents), are present on the refuge. One species thought to have been introduced during the 20th century, was in fact present prehistorically, and one non-native species that was introduced appears to have suffered a recent population crash. Changes in species’ abundance were evident as a result of habitat modifications and management practices, but otherwise, there is no evidence of major impact on native mammals.
Riparian woodrat and black rat competition: investigating the role of an exotic species in the decline of a native endangered species
Authors: Cypher Brian L. , Kell Patrick A. , Sproull Karen L. , Williams Daniel F. , Phillips Scott E.
Published: February 2025

Competition from non-native species constitutes a significant threat to numerous native species worldwide. Endangered riparian woodrats (Neotoma fuscipes riparia) may be restricted to a single population occupying approximately 100 ha at Caswell Memorial State Park (CMSP) in central California. This population is vulnerable to a number of threats including from non-native black rats (Rattus rattus) that co-occur at CMSP. Black rats potentially engage in both interference and exploitative competition with woodrats. From September 2001 to September 2004, we investigated interactions between riparian woodrats and black rats to determine whether competitive interactions were reducing woodrat abundance or reproductive success. Two sites with riparian woodrats were identified at CMSP. Between January 2003 and September 2004, 179 black rats were removed from one site. Abundance of both species and woodrat reproductive success were assessed through live-trapping and radio-telemetry. Mean litter size, mean number of young for litters with emerged young, and mean number of young per female were all higher on the black rat removal site compared to the control site. Also, mean number of young for litters with emerged young increased on the removal site from 2003 to 2004 and decreased on the control site between years. Woodrat abundance trends were more equivocal and actually were higher on the control site during most of the period of black rat removal. The results of this investigation suggest that black rats may indeed suppress reproductive success of riparian woodrats, and that black rat removal could benefit woodrats. Black rats have been implicated in the declines and even extinction of other native rodents, including other woodrat species. Thus, black rats may constitute a significant threat to riparian woodrats, particularly in concert with other threats such as flooding, wildfires, and continued habitat loss and degradation. Therefore, we recommend that black rats be removed quarterly from highly suitable woodrat habitat in the CMSP. We also recommend that surveys be conducted to identify additional riparian woodrat populations and that black rat removals be conducted in those populations as well.
Eavesdropping on bats in Peninsular Thailand: a trial application of automated recorders to monitor habitat changes
Authors: Yu Grace Rui-Tong , Dejtaradol Ariya , Karapan Sunate , Soisook Pipat , Lee Chia-Yun , Tuanmu Mao-Ning , Yu Hon-Tsen
Published: February 2025

We deployed automated bat recorders for one week in the southern part of Peninsular Thailand in an attempt to monitor bat species diversity and activities.  Two sites were chosen: one on a forested slope adjacent to urban development, the campus of Prince of Songkla University (PSU), and the other in a natural tropical rainforest, the Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary (Bala).  From PSU, we analyzed 9,744 5s time windows of recordings that were obtained from the dry season (June 2023) and the wet season (October 2023); from Bala, we analyzed 4,692 5s time windows in the wet season (October 2023).  Among a total of 14,436 time windows, we detected bat acoustic signals in 1986 (13.8 %) representing 10 species of bat: eight species at PSU and six species at Bala.  The recordings permitted analyses of diel activity patterns for the four species with the most acoustic records, as well as estimates of relative species abundance in accordance with forest type and season.  Our results demonstrate that using automated bat recorders can help unravel bat diversity, activity patterns, and the potential for interspecific interactions.  Nonetheless, independent efforts to collect and verify acoustic signals by catching and observing live bats are needed to ensure accurate species identification.
El lento retorno del perrito llanero a Zacatecas
Authors: Valdez Alarcón Manuel , Monroy Sánchez Maximiliano , Cruz Romo Lizardo
Published: February 2025

¿Te has puesto a pensar en todo el esfuerzo que se requiere para regresar a una especie a su hábitat natural, una vez que fue eliminada de su entorno natural por nosotros mismos? El esfuerzo es mucho más grande de lo esperado, debe ser sostenido a largo plazo, interdisciplinario, y es fundamental que participen las comunidades. Ahora les contaremos el largo camino del regreso del perrito llanero mexicano al norte de Zacatecas, México.
O MISTERIOSO Φ “PHI”
Authors: Huacasi Mamani Wilma Dora , De Saboya Luiz Antonio
Published: February 2025

Resumo: A Biomimética é uma nova ciência multidisciplinar que, embora recente enquanto campo do saber, jáacumula vestígios de observações empíricas ao longo dos séculos. Uma das suas linhas de estudo estádirecionada para as formas e proporções da natureza. Na busca da perfeição das grandes obras arquitetônicas éque a milhares de anos a proporção divina ou razão áurea foi utilizada como uma estratégia no vínculo com anatureza. Neste trabalho, relembraremos a razão áurea e a sequência de Fibonacci, da evolução das aplicações darazão áurea, a sua relação com a sequência de Fibonacci e espiral logarítmica, da presença destes elementos nanatureza, inspiração como modelo perfeito na busca de soluções em áreas multidisciplinares como naengenharia, arquitetura, arte e design, pois é rica em estratégias eficazes e ainda sustentáveis aos problemas dodia a dia, por tanto, demonstramos matematicamente a existência da proporção divina “Phi” e apresentamosexemplos de abrangência significativa.Palavras Chaves: Biomimética, Proporção divina, Sequência de Fibonacci, Aplicações.
Global Consumer Culture and Halal Consumption: Insights from Indonesian Youth
Authors: Putra Yudho Novandhika , Dewantara Norman , Noer Lissa Rosdiana
Published: February 2025

The halal market is expanding rapidly, driven by the growing Muslim population. At the same time, young Muslims are experiencing changes in their consumption habits as they engage more with global trends. This study explores how acculturation to global consumer culture (AGCC) interacts with ethnic identity (EID) in shaping their choices between halal and non-halal products. A survey of 123 young Muslim respondents in Indonesia was conducted, and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that exposure to global consumer culture does not weaken ethnic identity. Instead, young Muslims develop a bicultural identity, maintaining their commitment to halal consumption while embracing global influences. These findings highlight the need for businesses to adopt localization or glocalization strategies to better connect with Muslim consumers. Policymakers should also ensure that the halal market continues to evolve while staying true to Islamic values and meeting modern consumer needs.
Evaluative study on the impact of university health and wellbeing support strategies on health student retention
Authors: Hill Rebekah
Published: February 2025

Background:

Retention of nursing students is a national problem, with studies revealing several factors as influencing attrition. Many strategies have been implemented, but little is known about their effectiveness or the student experience of accessing support services.

Purpose:

To explore the experiences of pre-registration students who have accessed university-based support services.

Methods:

Face-to-face qualitative interviews were held with 18 students from a variety of healthcare and allied professions.

Results:

The experiences of support were categorised into the subthemes of seeking support, sources of support, and specialist support. Support improvements were subcategorised into the subthemes of profile of support, streams of support, and timing.

Conclusion:

Students engage with existing support services to varying degrees. They often find support difficult to access or inadequately publicised, so lacking visibility and accessibility. Support provision is usually reactive, rather than proactive. Peer support is valued, yet buddy placement support could enhance the student experience. Students may also benefit from personalised streamlined communication strategies.
A bilayer scaffold of collagen and nanohydroxyapatite promotes osteochondral defect repair in rabbit knee joints
Authors: Guo Yayuan , Peng Xueliang , Cao Bin , Liu Qian , Li Shen , Chen Fulin , Zhi Dalong , Zhang Shequn , Chen Zhuoyue
Published: February 2025

Aims

A large number of surgical operations are available to treat osteochondral defects of the knee. However, the knee joint arthroplasty materials cannot completely mimic the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, which may bring some obvious side effects. Thus, this study proposed a biocompatible osteochondral repair material prepared from a double-layer scaffold of collagen and nanohydroxyapatite (CHA), consisting of collagen hydrogel as the upper layer of the scaffold, and the composite of CHA as the lower layer of the scaffold.

Methods

The CHA scaffold was prepared, and properties including morphology, internal structure, and mechanical strength of the CHA scaffold were measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a MTS electronic universal testing machine. Then, biocompatibility and repair capability of the CHA scaffold were further evaluated using a rabbit knee cartilage defect model.

Results

The CHA scaffold was well suited for the repair of articular cartilage and subchondral bone; the in vitro results showed that the CHA scaffold had good cytocompatibility. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the material had high biocompatibility and effectively induced cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration.

Conclusion

The CHA scaffold has a high potential for commercialization and could be used as an effective knee repair material in clinical applications.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2025;14(2):155–165.
Study on characteristics and related factors related to dental implant and partial denture retention rate in the elderly
Authors: Choi Yong-Keum , Park Hyang-Ah
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the characteristics of partial dentures supported by dental implants and to analyze related factors to provide data. This data can serve as a basis for oral health-related insurance policies for the elderly. Methods: Using data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Survey, we analyzed the data from 4,304 individuals aged ≥65 years. Based on the Andersen behavioral model, we set the antecedent, possible, and necessary factors as independent variables. We performed logistic regression analysis with dental implants and partial dentures as dependent variables. Results: Implant possession was affected by male sex, younger age, higher education, income levels, and healthy lifestyle habits. In contrast, partial denture possession was affected by older age, lower education and income levels, unhealthy lifestyle habits, and chewing discomfort. Conclusions: The factors affecting the possession rates of dental implants and partial dentures demonstrated opposite trends. Implants were more affected by health behaviors, whereas partial dentures were more affected by socioeconomic factors. Therefore, a policy to expand the dental coverage must establish a differentiated strategy that considers the characteristics of each type of prosthesis.
Impact of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) on chewing discomfort in Korean adults
Authors: Lee So-Hyeon , Byun Jin-Yee , Kim Young-Seok , Jung Yun-Sook
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the relationship between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and chewing discomfort in the adult Korean population. Methods: Data from the 9th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2022) were analyzed, and 4,512 adults aged 19 years or more were included in this study. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between GAD and chewing discomfort. Adjustments were also made for confounding factors (gender, age, education, income, smoking, and drinking). Results: The logistic regression analysis showed that participants with GAD had a 1.480 times higher risk of chewing discomfort (95% CI: 1.059–2.069). After adjusting for gender, age, education, income, smoking, and drinking, the odds ratio remained statistically significant at 1.962 (95% CI: 1.369–2.811). Conclusions: GAD was found to be associated with chewing discomfort in Korean adults. This finding could prove useful for the prevention and management of oral health problems in patients with GAD.
Correlation between oral health knowledge, demand for remote education tools, and self-efficacy among parents of children and adolescents
Authors: Park Min-Ji , Novrinda Herry , Lee Jae-Young
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study aimed to identify key components of remote oral health management for parents of children aged 5–12 years, a crucial period for developing oral hygiene habits. Methods: An online survey was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024 among 205 caregivers interested in oral health management. Participants were categorized into group A (≤7 points) and group B (＞7 points) based on their oral health scores. Results: Group B demonstrated greater experience and awareness of the importance of oral health education. Caregivers emphasized the need for distance education focused on basic oral health knowledge, dental disease information, and oral health management strategies. Higher oral health knowledge was significantly associated with an increased demand for education and enhanced self-efficacy in managing oral health. Conclusions: The f indings reveal a strong correlation between parental oral health knowledge, perceived educational needs, and self-efficacy. This underscores the importance of tailored remote education initiatives.
O ESTATUTO ONTOLÓGICO DOS CORPOS EM DESCARTES
Authors: De Almeida Campos Mariana
Published: February 2025

No presente artigo, examinarei qual é a posição de Descartes sobre o número de substâncias corpóreas e, como consequência, sobre o estatuto ontológico dos corpos. Ao examinar essas questões, mostrarei que elas se inserem em um debate existente na literatura sobre Descartes que separa os intérpretes entre pluralistas e monistas. Tendo em vista esse debate, apresentarei, primeiramente, as bases textuais da interpretação pluralista, assim como os seus principais argumentos. Argumentarei, em seguida, que se levarmos em consideração as teses metafísicas de Descartes sobre a substância, bem como algumas teses de sua física, a tese de um pluralismo de substâncias corpóreas na natureza enfrenta mais dificuldades do que a tese monista. Defenderei então a interpretação monista como solução. E examinarei, por fim, um problema que pode surgir para essa interpretação, mas que eu creio poder ser resolvido.
Intersectionality in policy: feminist breakthrough?
Authors: Vasil Stefani , Segrave Marie , Tan Shih Joo (Siru) , Cho Hyein (Ellen)
Published: February 2025

The language of intersectionality has been increasingly adopted in Australia by leading gender-equality and gender-focused organisations, as well as policy makers, advocates and other stakeholders. In this article we seek to interrogate the application and operationalisation of intersectionality in policy. We examine the way the use of this terminology at times reflects the co-option of an approach that originally sought to capture the complex realities of power differentials. To do this, we explore three Australian examples and use these to interrogate how intersectionality has been operationalised with respect to migrant and refugee women and consider some of the implications this may have for policy and practice in the areas of gender equality and violence. Our key concern is that in specific contexts, including the policy sphere, the language of intersectionality has moved beyond the origins of a conceptual framework, analytical or methodological approach to speak to complex power relations and has instead become a ‘catch all’ term used to denote diversity and/or difference.
Moral panics and legal projects: echoes of Section 28 in United Kingdom transgender discourse and law reform
Authors: Duffy Sandra
Published: February 2025

A grounding in the queer history of the legal system in the United Kingdom reveals striking parallels between the moral panic leading to the enactment of Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988, and the current moment’s discourse surrounding the inclusion of transgender people in social spaces and their potential right to self-identification of gender in law. Through use of moral panic theory, this article examines and contextualizes the historical forces at play in the formation of laws around queer and trans lives in the UK, and in particular the instrumentalization of fears over the safety of children and cisgender women. The article also provides a practical example of the influence of the trans moral panic on law reform, by evaluating the debate surrounding the Gender Recognition Reform (Scotland) Bill 2022. It concludes that there is no ‘gender crisis’ in the UK, but there are powerful social forces at work to stoke a moral panic and, in doing so, stigmatize and alienate trans people in a similar manner to the stigmatization of homosexuality as an illegitimate way of life under Section 28.
The role of digitalization and ESG on financial performance: An empirical analysis on the Energy and Utilities sectors
Authors: Morea Donato , Iazzolino Gianpaolo , Giglio Carlo , Bruni Maria Elena , Baldissarro Giovanni , Farinelli Elisa
Published: February 2025

In recent years authorities and regulators around the world are showing great interest in the concept of sustainability. Sustainable practices are a growing phenomenon around the world and there is increasing research on the correlation between Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and corporate financial performance (FP). In parallel with the increasing focus on ESG, digitalization has gained a pivotal role in the business environment. The paper wants to investigate the relationship between ESG factors and financial performance. Moreover, it tries to understand how digitalization influences that relationship. We use panel data regression using pooled ordinary least squares, fixed effects or least squares dummy variables. The panel covered by our study consists of a sample of listed companies belonging to the Energy and Utilities sectors observed from the year 2019 to 2021. In particular, our data set includes financial indicators closely related to the corporate profitability, sustainability indicators and an indicator use as a proxy of digitalization. The results provide interesting insights on how digitalization can moderate the relationship between ESG and profitability goals within the business environment, and especially the correlation that exists between sustainability and profit. The results suggest that ESG integration in corporate organizations positively affects FP because a strong ESG proposition enables businesses to grow both in existing and new markets. The findings further support the need to invest in digitalization since they show a substantial gain in financial efficiency, which can eventually boost corporate revenues. The research results support the minimization of the corporate social cost and, more generally, of social well-being. We contribute to the literature by studying the moderating role of investments in digital technologies in the context of sustainability, to understand whether or not digitalization can accelerate the impact of ESG on corporate profitability.
Exploring the socioeconomic determinants of dietary diversity in rural Bangladesh: A longitudinal study
Authors: Prachee Tayaba Cheragee , Biswas Md Rasel , Islam Saiful
Published: February 2025

Despite significant progress in food and nutrition security over the past few decades, Bangladesh continues to face challenges, especially in rural areas. This study investigates the relationship between socioeconomic determinants and household dietary diversity using three waves of nationally representative longitudinal data from the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (2011/2012, 2015, and 2018/2019). Dietary diversity was measured using the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) and the Food Variety Score (FVS), both indicators of dietary diversity and food security. We employed a Poisson fixed-effects regression model with robust standard errors to model the dietary diversity indicators, appropriate for the count nature of the data. The results show that households where the head is engaged in farming have, on average, a 1.4% higher HDDS and a 2.17% higher FVS compared to non-farming households. Households where the head has primary or lower education demonstrate a 2.11% increase in HDDS, while those with secondary or higher education experience a 2.05% increase compared to households with no formal education. Additionally, each extra household member increases FVS by 5.5%. Cultivable land, as well as access to essential resources like water and electricity, significantly affects dietary diversity. Economic factors, such as higher food and non-food expenditures per capita, also exhibit strong positive associations with dietary diversity. These findings emphasize the importance of socioeconomic factors and household dynamics in shaping dietary quality. Policy interventions should prioritize educational programs to enhance nutrition knowledge and promote sustainable agricultural practices to support farmers. Aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2 on zero hunger and SDG 3 on health and well-being, these insights contribute to ongoing efforts to improve food security and dietary diversity in rural communities.