bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ciência, Tecnologia e Sustentabilidade
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Pereira Boscolli Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Não podemos mais aceitar a polarização binária entre os campos do desenvolvimento social e do desenvolvimento econômico. Também, temos que pensar em como temos entendido o desafio da Sustentabilidade. Nesse caminho, um referencial importante para nortear o deslocamento, rumo a um modelo mais sustentável de vida e produção, passa pela ressignificação dos conceitos e dos papeis atribuídos à Ciência e à Tecnologia. Assim, a Academia e as instituições públicas precisam reconhecer a necessidade de uma agenda não utilitária e imediatista do conhecimento. Ciência e Tecnologia constituem um arcabouço que, para ser a base do desenvolvimento sustentável, requer a promoção de mecanismos de financiamento também sustentáveis. É importante, portanto, reconhecer a importância da Pesquisa Básica e ampliar o acesso à transferência tecnológica que advém da Pesquisa Aplicada, com favorecimento à inovação de grande impacto socioeconômico, alta viabilidade, ampla difusão e baixo custo. Nesse sentido, as iniciativas de produção de conhecimento, divulgação pública da Ciência e o compartilhamento de informações confiáveis devem ter prioridade para, assim, subsidiar políticas públicas mais eficientes, inclusivas e participativas. Na presente obra, intitulada ‘Ciência, Tecnologia e Sustentabilidade’ foram reunidos estudos que representam o engajamento de diferentes pesquisadores em apresentar resultados de pesquisas que vão, desde a reflexão sobre os próprios processos de construção do conhecimento, até diferentes aplicações do saber científico, em experimentos voltados para atender a diferentes necessidades e demandas socioambientais.
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM PENGENALAN TANDA NOMOR KENDARAAN DENGAN METODE LEARNING VECTOR QUANTIZATION (LVQ)
Authors:   Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif, Rohma Rohma
Published: February 2021

Sistem pengenalan citra pola tanda nomor kendaraan bermotor (TNKB) merupakan salah satu aplikasi dalam ilmu komputer, aplikasi ini dapat membantu proses pengolahan data pola tanda nomor kendaraan. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Learning Vector Quantization sebagai pembantu yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja dari sistem kontrol dan informasi, khususnya dalam membantu suatu komputer untuk bisa meniru kegiatan manusia seperti melihat dan membaca suatu tulisan (angka dan huruf). Ada beberapa tahap dalam sistem pengenalan citra pola tanda nomor kendaraan bermotor yaitu citra pola plat nomor dihasilkan melalui proses pemotretan dari kamera handphone, kemudian dipotong secara manual, proses selanjutnya dilakukan Grayscale (derajat keabuan), Gaussian, Threshold, Deteksi contour, Segmentasi, Ekstrasi Ciri, dan Pengklasifikasian ke Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ). Pada proses pengenalan pola plat nomor, setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap 25 data uji, kemampuan sistem dalam mengenali pola karakter semakin baik jika jumlah data (training) yang menyimpan bobot vektor semakin banyak, serta pencahayaan yang merata. Dari pengujian sistem ini mampu mengenali pola sebesar 66,15%.
Escritura ritualizada, memoria para la eternidad: Dípticos y Libri Vitae en la Europa altomedieval
Authors: Sánchez Prieto Ana Belén
Published: February 2021

Muchas culturas desarrollan algún mecanismo para recordar aquellos que han fallecido ya. En el cristianismo esa necesidad de recordar adquiere una dimensión sobrenatural, en tanto que la Iglesia es la comunidad de todos los creyentes (communio sanctorum), tanto aquellos que viven físicamente en la tierra como los difuntos cuyas almas o bien gozan de la presencia divina o bien necesitan pasar por un periodo de expiación de los pecados. Como la oración es el medio principal que los cristianos utilizan para interceder los unos por los otros, es natural que la Iglesia desarrollara desde época muy temprana algún instrumento para recordar a aquellos por los que especialmente debían ofrecerse oraciones durante la celebración litúrgica. Los dos instrumentos más antiguos que conocemos son los dípticos y los libri vitae. Los dípticos son originariamente tablillas de madera o de marfil, donde se escribían los nombres que debían recitarse durante la misa. Como las listas de nombres fueron creciendo, en algún momento debió de resultar evidente que era imposible recitarlas, y probablemente a partir de ellas se desarrollaron los libri vitae. Depositados en algún lugar del recinto sagrado, acaso cerca del altar, los nombres escritos en el libro de algún modo representaban a las personas que los habían llevado, de modo que a través de ellos podían seguir participando en el sacrificio de la misa.
Impact of Profit Tax on Employment in the Private Non-agricultural Sector in Albania
Authors: Cela Shpresa , Gjoni Albana
Published: February 2021

In this paper we will analyze the employment rate in Albania, how it has changed over the years starting after the 1990s. For research reasons we have detached to analyze the employment rate in the private non-agricultural sector. Based on an analysis made by the World Bank and many other official sources such as the Labor Force Survey, the International Labor Organization (ILO) and official data such as INSTAT, we have noticed that employment in the Albanian market has become a problematic issue over the years because the employment rate has decreased. What are the factors that affect the employment rate? Does the profit tax rate have an effect on employment or not? We used an econometric model, linear regression to see the interdependence between these two variables using official data from 1995-2018. We have studied this period of time until 2018 where the situation has been normal, not including the COVID 19 crisis, which is an unusual period that in our opinion should be treated separately.
Normalizar la excepción en la respuesta antiterrorista: el caso de Francia
Authors: Serrano-Sanz Adrián
Published: February 2021

Después de los atentados en Francia en noviembre de 2015, el Gobierno decretó el estado de excepción durante dos años, para ser derogado en octubre de 2017 en favor de una nueva ley antiterrorista. Al analizar la ley antiterrorista, se observa la traslación de algunas de las medidas del estado de excepción al periodo de normalidad. El objetivo de este artículo es señalar qué medidas concretas han pasado de un periodo a otro. Con base en el análisis, puede afirmarse que la nueva legislación antiterrorista francesa es, en suma, una normalización del estado de excepción decretado en noviembre de 2015.
Bullying, pertenencia a bandas y consumo de drogas en adolescentes
Authors: Inmaculada Méndez  , Ruiz Esteban Cecilia , López García Juan José
Published: February 2021

Las relaciones entre el grupo de iguales suponen un potente pronosticador de la implicación del adolescente en el consumo de drogas y las conductas antisociales. El estudio tiene el objetivo de analizar el consumo de drogas en función de que el adolescente pertenezca o no a una banda violenta o no violenta y los roles de bullying. Los participantes fueron 1.264 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. La pertenencia a bandas con carácter violento se asociaba a consumos de drogas significativamente superiores frente a los que no estaban vinculados a bandas, así como con los adolescentes de bandas no violentas. Los agresores de acoso escolar pertenecían a una pandilla. Es fundamental hacer hincapié en la prevención del consumo de drogas y otras conductas de riesgo.
Influence of Addition Contents of Iron Ore Tailings on Structural Mortar
Authors: Castro Nara Linhares Borges de , Almada Bruna Silva , Fajardo Abner Araújo , Oliveira Carlos Augusto , Santos White José dos
Published: February 2021

This study discusses and analyzes an alternative of IOT reuse as addition in structural mortars, evaluating the influence of IOT addition contents. The material was physically and chemically characterized. Structural mortars were molded with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of addition of IOT in relation to cement mass. We investigate physical properties, mechanical indicators, durability indicators and microstructure. The tailings are composed of predominantly quartz, hematite and goethite, and no components were found that could compromise the cementitious composites. The addition of IOT provided a tendency to reduce open porosity. The addition of 30% IOT was the most efficient in closing pores. All addition contents led to the maintenance or gains in mechanical properties, and a 10% gain in flexural tensile strength was observed for the addition of 10% IOT. The addition of 40% IOT promoted a 14% gain in compressive strength and maintenance of flexural tensile strength. This addition content evidences that the carbonation depth was not significantly affected. Based on the results, the addition percentages of 30-40% are interesting as to the analyzed properties.
Content and distribution of some chemical elements in the poplar leaves (Populus laurifolia) in Ulaanbaatar
Authors: Tsagaan Byambasuren , Ganbaatar Ochirbat , Darizav Tsedenbaljir , Byambaa Khuukhenkhuu
Published: February 2021

In the last more than two decades, technogenic environmental pollution of Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) has become a critical issue due to the rapid growth of the city’s population and environmental objects such as soil, plant and water in Ulaanbaatar territory have been heavily contaminated through air. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine the toxic and biophilic elements in the leaves of laurel poplar (Populus laurifolia) in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) and to study the behaviour and interdependence of its distribution, (2) and to assess the ecological state of laurel poplar (Populus laurifolia). In the leaves of laurel poplar (Populus laurifolia) on the territory of Ulaanbaatar, the distribution of most of the studied toxic and biophilic elements is even, but only Mg, Ca, and Mn are not evenly distributed. The biogeochemical feature of laurel poplar (Populus laurifolia) on the territory of Ulaanbaatar was studied by comparing it with the value of the world clarke and with the average content of elements in plant ash according to Alekseenko and with the background value. Our study revealed the accumulation of Zn, Ni, Cd, Pb and the scattering of Fe, Mn, Co, Cu in the leaves of laurel poplar (Populus laurifolia) in Ulaanbaatar In Populus laurifolia leaves in Ulaanbaatar area the median value of Fe/Mn ratio is 4.2-2.7 times, and the median value of Pb/Mn ratio is 6.7 times higher the normal and Cu/Zn ratio is at an equilibrium. The highest Fe/Mn ratios are found along the main highway (10.45) and in the city centre (11.09).
Double Carbapenem Regimen Used As Salvage Therapy to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Kaur Lakhvir , Bajaj Renuka , Arodhia Sumeet
Published: February 2021

Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging threat worldwide. The appropriate therapy for infections due to these multidrug-resistant pathogens is not well defined and depends upon the susceptibilities of individual isolates, and the choices are often severely limited. We report a case of a 8-year-old male child with ARDS with left-sided tubercular pleural effusion who developed ventilator-associated pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae treated successfully with a regimen comprising a combination of colistin and double carbapenem.
Customização da Regulação Emocional de acordo com a Personalidade dos Estudantes em Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes
Authors: Reis Helena Macedo , Alvares Danilo , Jaques Patrícia A. , Isotani Seiji
Published: February 2021

As emoções influenciam os processos cognitivos e são essenciais durante o aprendizado. Algumas emoções podem afetar negativamente o aprendizado, como a frustração e o tédio; outras, como o engajamento, podem ter um efeito positivo. Por outro lado, algumas emoções, como a confusão,  podem ter um papel duplo, influenciando negativamente ou positivamente. A confusão ocorre quando há discrepâncias entre a informação recebida e as estruturas mentais do indivíduo ou quando há inconsistências no fluxo de informação. Quando experimentam confusão, os estudantes podem se sentir incentivados a buscar seu próprio conhecimento, através do foco e atenção na atividade, resultando em um impacto positivo no aprendizado. No entanto, quando sentem a confusão por um longo período e não conseguem resolvê-la, a confusão pode gerar uma sobrecarga cognitiva nos estudantes e levar a emoções mais negativas à aprendizagem, tais como frustração e tédio. Além disso, o tempo que os estudantes conseguem lidar com a confusão é influenciado por seu traço de personalidade e conhecimentos prévios sobre o assunto. Portanto, a confusão deve ser regulada para maximizar o aprendizado, promovendo um maior envolvimento, e evitar o abandono do exercício ou conteúdo. O problema investigado neste trabalho é como e quando um sistema inteligente de tutoria poderia apoiar a regulação da confusão quando sentida por um longo período por um estudante. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um algoritmo com o objetivo de apoiar na escolha de elementos multimídia (por exemplo, vídeo, figura ou texto) para regular a confusão. A escolha dos elementos considera o conhecimento prévio do estudante e são apresentados de acordo com seu nível de detalhamento (por exemplo, de elementos com poucos detalhes de resolução a elementos apresentados com muitos detalhes). Além disso, quanto tempo o algoritmo espera para regular a confusão do estudante considera a sua personalidade. Para avaliar o algoritmo desenvolvido, foi realizado um experimento com estudantes (N = 111) do ensino fundamental e superior de duas escolas e uma faculdade, durante três meses. Foram analisadas a capacidade do algoritmo de influenciar na regulação da confusão durante a resolução de equações de primeiro grau em um Sistema Tutor Inteligente (PAT2Math), em indivíduos com personalidades de extroversão e neuroticismo. Os resultados mostram que os estudantes que usaram o PAT2Math com o algoritmo desenvolvido de regulação de confusão (grupo experimental) cometeram menos erros e resolveram os exercícios mais rapidamente do que os estudantes que não receberam assistência com relação à regulação de confusão. Os resultados indicam que o sistema estaria regulando a confusão ou emoção negativa decorrente da confusão.
Towards a Fuzzy Context Logic
Authors: Schmidtke Hedda
Published: February 2021

A key step towards trustworthy, reliable and explainable, AI is bridging the gap between the quantitative domain of sensor-actuator systems and the qualitative domain of intelligent systems reasoning. Fuzzy logic is a well-known formalism suitable for aiming at this gap, featuring a quantitative mechanism that at the same time adheres to logical principles. Context logic is a two-layered logical language originally aimed at pervasive computing systems for reasoning about and within context, i.e., changing logical environments. Both logical languages are linguistically motivated. This chapter uncovers the close connection between the two logical languages presenting two new results. First, a proof is presented that context logic with a lattice semantics can be understood as an extension of fuzzy logic. Second, a fuzzification for context logic is proposed. The resulting language, which can be understood as a two-layered fuzzy logic or as a fuzzified context logic, expands both fields in a novel manner.
Medical Management in Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Uransilp Nattaphol , Puengcharoen Sirinat , Muengtaweepongsa Sombat
Published: February 2021

Medical treatment seems to be not entirely helpful in the treatment of Moyamoya disease. No evidence supports the benefits of any drug treatment in Moyamoya disease. The ischemic or hemorrhagic event in Moyamoya disease is not preventable with any medical treatment. However, most of the physicians still prescribe the antithrombotic drug for Moyamoya patients with an ischemic event. Moreover, the standard guidelines recommend administering antithrombotic medications to treat Moyamoya with the ischemic event, even the risk of hemorrhagic complication. Antihypertensive drugs are routinely prescribed in Moyamoya patients with or without elevated blood pressure. A literature review about medical treatment in Moyamoya disease should help determine its use in this pathologic condition.
Experimental Investigations on Fuel Spray and Impingement for Gasoline Direct Injection Engines
Authors: Luo Hongliang
Published: February 2021

Spray-wall impingement is a widespread phenomenon applied in many fields, including spray-wall cooling system, spray coating process and fuel spray and atomization in internal combustion engines. In direct-injection spark ignition (DISI), it is difficult to avoid the fuel film on the piston head and cylinder surfaces. The wet wall caused by impingement affects the air-fuel mixture formation process, which finally influence the subsequent combustion efficiency and performance. Therefore, the fuel spray and impingement under gasoline engine-like conditions were characterized. Mie scattering technique was applied to visualize the spray evolution and impingement processes in a high-pressure and high-temperature constant chamber. Meanwhile, the adhered fuel film on the wall was measured by refractive index matching (RIM) under non-evaporation and evaporation conditions considering the effects of different injection pressures, ambient pressures and ambient temperatures. Additionally, the fuel film formation and evaporation evolution models were proposed with the help of these mechanisms.
Internet Connectivity in Building Interiors: Architecture and Sustainability Considerations
Authors: Nasreen Ahmed Zebun , Tanvir Kawser Mohammad
Published: February 2021

This paper addresses the issue of connectivity and its relationship to the architecture of spaces. The internet of things and wifi technology is coming into the forefront of lifestyles in present times. We tend to spend much of our life activities using devices that need internet connectivity, wifi coverage, both indoors and outdoors. The technology behind it is also in the process of shifting gears, from 3G to 4G to 5G soon. However questions arise: How suitable are existing buildings for the sorts of internet technology that are predicted for the future? And how can the coverage and connectivity issue be addressed to give greater efficiency to new buildings? Will we require greater open layouts that give more visual connectivity within interior spaces to permit efficient connectivity between routers, boosters and appliances? The expertise of both Architects who design spaces, as well as RF Engineers who are responsible for setting up the internet systems within the spaces are involved in efficiently handling these queries. The paper incorporates recent studies have revealed that certain building materials may be more suited to Wifi penetration, while others act in a more opaque way. Architects are the main decision-makers regarding the final choice of such questions, but they have very little grounding in the technicalities involved related to connectivity issues. It is important to have them focus on these questions and seek answers through multi-disciplinary forums, thus also to deepen collaboration between the related professionals, in order to create more Wifi connectivity in building interiors. From the user perspective, this is a vital need, as the user of today spends enormous amounts of time at these electronic, computing devices that require uninterrupted and quality connectivity. It thus also becomes a question of sustainability.
Thaumazein at the Nuclear Anthropocene
Authors: Kazashi Nobuo ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

This reflective essay brings to light the career and thought of nuclear chemist Jinzaburo Takagi (1938–2000), who devoted his whole career to the critique of nuclear power generation and the promotion of citizen-centered science. Looking at his life history, one recognizes some clear turning points. However, Takagi’s true engagement with the nuclear question began when he came face-to-face with the ubiquitous contamination of the earth by human-made radiation. It was a deep, revelatory astonishment that shook Takagi into radical questioning of his vocation as a scientist. It was, so to speak, an experience of “thaumazein at the nuclear anthropocene,” involving his whole person as a human being. In 1975 Takagi co-founded Citizens’ Nuclear Information Center in Tokyo, and he became a catalytic “citizen scientist” in the anti-nuclear power movements through his nation-wide and international activities spanning over a quarter-century. Takagi was a prolific and engaged writer, and he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award in 1997. Soon after, however, he was diagnosed with a variety of last-stage cancers. He penned books entitled To Live as a Citizen-Scientist, Liberation from Nuclear Power: Nine Spells that Would Annihilate Japan, and Why Are Nuclear Accidents Repeated? These books would be read widely, though quite belatedly and with deep regret, after the Fukushima disaster in 2011. This essay is a look at the warning messages Takagi emphasized in the books he left as his testaments not to repeat the disaster.
On Hearing the Daughters’ Call
Authors: Orozco Mendoza Elva ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

This article offers an interpretation of anti-feminicide maternal activism as political in northern Mexico by analyzing it alongside Hannah Arendt’s concepts of freedom, natality, and the child in The Human Condition. While feminist theorists often debate whether maternalism strengthens or undermines women’s political participation, the author offers an unconventional interpretation of Arendt’s categories to illustrate that the meaning and practice of maternalism radically changes through the public performance of motherhood. While Arendt does not seem the best candidate to navigate this debate, her concepts of freedom and the child provide a productive perspective to rethink the relationship between maternalism and citizenship. In making this claim, this article challenges feminist political theories that depict motherhood as the chief source of women’s subordination. In the case of northern Mexico, anti-feminicide maternal activism illustrates how the political is also a personal endeavor, thereby complementing the famous feminist motto.
In the News
Authors: Free David
Published: February 2021

Welcome to the February 2021 issue of C&RL News. Wanda Marsolek, Shannon L. Farrell, Julia A. Kelly, and Kristen Cooper start out this month’s issue with “Grey Literature: Advocating for diverse voices, increased use, improved access, and preservation,” the latest installment of our Scholarly Communication column.
The 2019 ACRL Academic Library Trends and Statistics Annual Survey: Mapping results to the ACRL Standards for Libraries in Higher Education
Authors: Kuntz Janine A. , Pierce Jeannette E.
Published: February 2021

The editorial board of the ACRL Academic Library Trends and Statistics Survey is pleased to announce response rates have improved over the past five years with 51.6% of U.S. libraries responding in 2019 compared to 48.2% in 2015. Thank you to all libraries that contributed fiscal year 2019 data as well as prior years. Increased participation leads to a more comprehensive understanding of what is happening in academic libraries and generates more robust data for benchmarking and impact analysis. Survey participants receive complimentary access to the summary data via the ACRLMetrics platform. Those who wish to dive deeper into the data can subscribe to ACRLMetrics, an online tool providing access to all ACRL survey data from 1998 to present. Additionally, a print edition of the 2019 data is also available for purchase through the ALA Store. This article highlights some of the key findings from the 2019 survey with respect to the principles in the Standards for Libraries in Higher Education to illustrate how the data can be used by institutions to demonstrate impact and influence. ACRLMetrics also offers a rich body of data for researchers investigating trends across the profession.
People in the News
Authors: Galloway Ann-Christe
Published: February 2021

Vicki BloomEverett Wilkie
Fenomenología lingüística y filosofía práctica para la paz en la trayectoria intelectual de Vicent Martínez Guzmán
Authors: Conill Jesús
Published: February 2021

En este artículo expongo las tres etapas del pensamiento de Vicent Martínez Guzmán: 1) la fenomenología lingüística, primero en estrecha conexión con Fernando Montero y John L. Austin, y luego transformada por la pragmática trascendental (Apel) y la teoría de la acción comunicativa (Habermas); 2) la teoría filosófica de Europa, basada en Kant, Husserl, Ortega y Gasset y la Ética comunicativa o discursiva; y 3) la filosofía de la paz, que se convierte en una filosofía para hacer las paces, superando la violencia, la guerra y las injusticia: una investigación interdisciplinar basada en la intersubjetividad con sentido ético y político.In this paper I set forth the three stages of Vicent Martínez Guzmán’s thought: 1) the Linguistic Phenomenology, first closely connected with Fernando Montero and John L. Austin, but later transformed by the Transcendental Pragmatics (Apel) and the Theory of Communicative Action (Habermas); 2) the philosophical theory of Europe, based on Kant, Husserl, Ortega y Gasset and the communicative or discursive ethics; and 3) Philosophy of Peace that becomes in philosophy for making peace(s), overcoming violence, war and injustice: an interdisciplinary research based on intersubjectivity with ethical and political sense.
Educación para hacer las paces transracionales —Una perspectiva fenomenológica
Authors: Dietrich Wofgang
Published: February 2021

El ensayo rememora las raíces fenomenológicas que comparten las obras Filosofía para hacer las paces de Vicent Martínez Guzmán, La paz imperfecta de Francisco Muñoz y la filosofía de las paces transracionales en la que se enfoca la escuela de Estudios de Paz de la Universidad de Innsbruck. Sobre esta base me refiero después a la aplicación pedagógica y didáctica de dichas raíces en la educación académica para la paz. Este trabajo hace referencia a las experiencias metodológicas del aprendizaje académico en grupos, y sus consecuencias para el desarrollo del currículo de los Estudios de Paz, entendiendo estos como una formación en la construcción estratégica de capacidades y relaciones. Finalmente resalto las etapas del aprendizaje, en el sentido de ‘pelar la cebolla del Ego’ y de proveer el marco para el desarrollo libre de los grupos y los temas.This essay retraces the shared phenomenological root of Vicent Martínez Guzmán’s Filosofía para Hacer las Paces, Francisco Muñoz La Paz Imperfecta and the Innsbruck School’s Transracional Peace Philosophy. From there it forges ahead to the pedagogical and didactical application of these roots in academic peace education. It refers to the methodological experiences of academic learning in T-groups and its consequence for curricula development if Peace Studies is understood as Strategic Capacity and Rela-tionship Training. Finally, it highlights the stages of learning in the sense of `Peeling the Ego’s Onion´ and providing the frame for the team’s and the theme’s free development.
Auto-presentación del libro "La Memoria de la esperanza"
Authors: Ojea Fernando
Published: February 2021

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Ángel Xolocotzi (Coord.), "Heidegger: caminos y giros del pensar (Monográfico)". Ápeiron. Estudios de Filosofía, 9, 2018, 150 pp
Authors: Bueno Junquero Adrián
Published: February 2021

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Hacia una fenomenología de la lectura. Ricoeur y Husserl en diálogo en torno a las variaciones imaginativas en la lectura de textos de ficción
Authors: Prada Londoño Manuel Alejandro , Luna Bravo José Luis
Published: February 2021

En este texto se describe la estructura del acto de la lectura como encuentro entre la conciencia del lector y el texto de ficción —teniendo en la base la imaginación—. Con este propósito en mente, se lleva a cabo una lectura complementaria entre la hermenéutica del texto de Ricoeur y los análisis sobre la conciencia de fantasía de Husserl, en tres momentos: 1) explicitación de la autonomía semántica del texto de ficción sobre la base de la constitución de mundos de fantasía en el modo “como si”; 2) descripción de la configuración de la experiencia de tiempo en el acto de la lectura como un modo de neutralización; y 3) descripción de la escisión del yo en el modo “como sí” constitutivo de los mundos de fantasía en la experiencia de la lectura como condición de posibilidad de la comprensión del sí mismo (correlación texto-lector).This text describes the structure of the act of reading, based on imagination, as a meeting between the reader’s awareness and the fictional text. With this purpose in mind, a complementary reading is carried out between Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of the text and Husserl’s analyzes of fantasy consciousness, in three moments: 1) making explicit the semantic autonomy of the fictional text on the basis of the constitution of fantasy worlds in the “as if” mode; 2) description of the configuration of the time experience in the act of reading as a mode of neutralization; and 3) description of the splitting of the self in the “as-if” mode constitutive of fantasy worlds in the experience of reading as a condition of possibility of understanding the self (text-reader correlation).
Pasado, presente y futuro del tiempo de la conciencia: de Husserl a Varela y más allá
Authors: Gallagher Shaun , Mejía Fernández Ricardo
Published: February 2021

En el desarrollo de una fenómenología enactivista, el análisis de la conciencia del tiempo necesita ser conducido hacia un enfoque totalmente enactivista. Así, intento impulsar este análisis hacia una fenomenología enactivista más completa de la conciencia del tiempo. Además, sostengo que el análisis de Varela motiva un examen más detallado de los aspectos fenomenológicos de la estructura temporal intrínseca de la experiencia, al entenderla en términos de una fenomenología encarnada y orientada a la acción en su manifestación más básica. Esta fenomenología totalmente enactivista continúa el análisis iniciado por Varela y sigue siendo coherente, pero también va más allá de los escritos posteriores de Husserl sobre la conciencia del tiempo. En este análisis, el carácter enactivo de la intencionalidad en general está embebido en la microestructura de la conciencia del tiempo, afectando la comprensión de la percepción y la acción. Esta explicación es coherente con la aproximación constructivista de Varela a la cognición.In developing an enactivist phenomenology, the analysis of time-consciousness needs to be pushed toward a fully enactivist account. I attempt to push this analysis towards a more complete enactivist phenomenology of time-consciousness. I argue that Varela’s analy-sis motivates a closer examination of the phenomenological aspects of the intrinsic temporal structure of experience, understanding it in terms of an action oriented embodied phenomenology in its most basic manifestation. This fully enactivist phenomenology continues the analysis initiated by Varela and remains consistent with but also goes beyond Husserl’s later writings on time-consciousness. This analysis shows that the enactive character of intentionality in general, goes all the way down; it is embedded in the microstructure of time-consciousness, and this has implications for understanding perception and action. This account is consistent with Varela’s constructivist approach to cognition.
HUSSERL, EDMUND. "Introducción a la ética". Edición de Mariana Chu, Mariano Crespo y Luis Rabanaque, Trotta: Madrid, 2020, 364 páginas
Authors: Expósito Ropero Noé
Published: February 2021

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Mª CARMEN LÓPEZ SÁENZ Y KARINA P. TRILLES CALVO (EDRAS.). "A las IMÁGENES mismas. Fenomenología y nuevos medios". Madrid: Apeiron ediciones, 2019, 266 páginas
Authors: Rotila Anca Nicoleta
Published: February 2021

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Body Mass Index and Weight Change in Patients With HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Exploratory Analysis of the ALTTO BIG 2-06 Trial
Authors: Martel Samuel , Lambertini Matteo , Agbor-Tarh Dominique , Ponde Noam F. , Gombos Andrea , Paterson Vicki , Hilbers Florentine , Korde Larissa , Manukyants Anna , Dueck Amylou , Maurer Christian , Piccart Martine , Moreno-Aspitia Alvaro , Desmedt Christine , Di Cosimo Serena , de Azambuja Evandro
Published: February 2021

Background: The association between obesity and prognosis in HER2-positive early breast cancer remains unclear, with limited data available. This study aimed to determine the impact of body mass index (BMI) at baseline and weight change after 2 years on outcomes of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. Methods: ALTTO was a randomized phase III trial in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. BMI was collected at randomization and 2 years after. WHO BMI categories were used: underweight, <18.5 kg/m2; normal weight, 18.5 to <25 kg/m2; overweight, ≥25 to <30 kg/m2; and obese ≥30 kg/m2. A weight change from baseline of ≥5.0% and ≤5.0% was categorized as weight gain and weight loss. The impact of BMI at randomization and of weight change on disease-free survival (DFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and overall survival (OS) were investigated with multivariate analyses, adjusting for baseline patients and tumor characteristics. Results: A total of 8,381 patients were included: 187 (2.2%), 3,797 (45.3%), 2,690 (32.1%), and 1,707 (20.4%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese at baseline, respectively. Compared with normal weight, being obese at randomization was associated with a significantly worse DDFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04–1.50) and OS (aHR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.01–1.60), but no significant difference in DFS (aHR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.97–1.32). Weight loss ≥5.0% at 2 years after randomization was associated with significantly poorer DFS (aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05–1.71), DDFS (aHR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.07–1.98), and OS (aHR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.18–2.84). Hormone receptor and menopausal status but not anti-HER2 treatment type influenced outcomes. Toxicities were more frequent in obese patients. Conclusions: In patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, obesity at baseline is a poor prognostic factor. Weight loss during treatment and follow-up negatively impacts clinical outcomes. Dietary counseling should be part of survivorship care programs.
Status of the Clinician Investigator in America: An Essential Healthcare Provider Driving Advances in Cancer Care
Authors: Holcombe Randall F. , Verschraegen Claire F. , Chapman Andrew E. , Gaffney David , Goldberg Richard M. , Mesa Ruben A. , Milhem Mohammed , Mims Martha , Mitchell Edith P. , Mulkerin Dan , Vijayakumar Srinivasan
Published: February 2021

Background: Translation of basic discoveries to clinical care for patients with cancer is a difficult process greatly enabled by physician-trained researchers. Three categories of physicians, with responsibilities spanning from laboratory and preclinical research to direct patient care, are involved in the translational research continuum: physician-scientist (PS), clinician investigator (CI), and academic clinician (AC). Methods: To define how protected time for research efforts is supported, the Association of American Cancer Institutes (AACI) conducted a survey of their member institutions, obtaining 56 responses documenting time spent in research and clinical activities across multiple cancer disciplines, and providing information about funding streams for the different categories of cancer physicians. Results: Responses showed that PSs and ACs are minimally involved in clinical research activities; the driver or clinical research in academic cancer centers is the CI. A significant concern was a lack of stable funding streams for nonbillable clinical research activities, putting the sustainability of the CI in jeopardy. Limited funding was derived from hospital sources, with most support derived from cancer center sources. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of the CI in translational cancer medicine and represents a call to action for institutions and research funding agencies to develop new programs targeted toward CI support to ensure continued progress against cancer.
National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan 2020
Authors: Evans Heather , Greene Kristen K , Healy William M , Hoffman Elizabeth , Rimmer Kate , Sberegaeva Anna , Zimmerman Neil M
Published: February 2021

the 2020 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through four separate lenses: Societal, Investment & Geopolitical, Political & Policy, and Technology & Science. Most of the issues discussed in the initial environmental scan conducted in 2018 are still relevant, but a number of key issues have emerged in society that will impact NIST since the writing of that report, most notably the COVID-19 pandemic and the national discourse around race. Societal, political, financial, and workforce issues will challenge NIST to maintain and advance its leadership in metrology, standards, and technology. However, a broad range of emerging technology issues present opportunities for NIST to have significant impact in advancing the nation’s innovation and industrial competitiveness.
Caught in the wave
Authors: Prata Ana
Published: February 2021

The reception of the international #MeToo movement in Portugal has been complex and controversial. Issues of injustice regarding sexual harassment and sexual violence were always central to feminist organizations in Portugal, but the salience of these issues increased when women started to share their personal stories under #MeToo, the country’s favorite soccer star was accused of rape, and after some polemic court rulings. This paper uses a Black Feminist Thought approach and content analysis of newspaper data, to trace the political process feminist movements engaged in regarding gender-based violence. It also analyzes how #MeToo movement contributed to the visibility and framing of the issues, what collective actions were pursued, and what outcomes were achieved. The fi ndings show that the globalized #MeToo movement has contributed to revitalize the Portuguese feminist movement. New, younger, and more diverse members have joined its ranks, new feminist organizations were created, new frames were applied, and several collective actions organized, mostly in protesting court decisions. This vitality led to a more inclusive and intersectionalactivism, but also to an increasing awareness of sexual harassment and sexual violence as targets of personal, collective, and institutional change.
Me, who?
Authors: Gullach Elisabeth Bruun , Acharya Maya
Published: February 2021

No abstract
«Vencido me tiene el dulçor de tu suave canto»: Melibea y la imagen de la sirena
Authors: Martí Caloca Ivette
Published: February 2021

En el Auto XI, Pármeno teme que el primer encuentro con Melibea desemboque en peligro, por lo que la compara con una sirena. Sus palabras resultan ser pro-féticas, especialmente si tomamos en cuenta que no solo es él quien muere. Al final, la doncella prueba ser tan fascinante, peligrosa y letal como las sirenas con las que se le compara.
Cómo los autores de Celestina concibieron el personaje de Areúsa
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

En este estudio, se ha rastreado el texto completo de la Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea para presentar a la «media ramera» Areúsa como un personaje bien caracterizado por los autores. La consideración de las influencias de su pasado determina las motivaciones de sus acciones en el presente textual, y resulta Areúsa ser una mujer independiente que busca adquirir siempre más solvencia y control de cada paso dado en su vida. Su perfil psicológico se ha trazado a partir de sus apariciones y a través de las diferentes relaciones con los personajes con los que dialoga. Hay una Areúsa pública y una privada, con lo que los autores de la obra evitan estereotipos de la prostituta y nos han regalado un retrato de una persona viva, psicológicamente coherente, que acierta en unas acciones y en otras no.
Covid-19 e direitos econômicos, sociais, culturais e ambientais (DESCA): impacto dos estandares interamericanos
Authors: Morales Antoniazzi Mariela , Piovesan Flávia , Rossi Ignácio Renata
Published: February 2021

Como compreender o impacto do COVID-19 nas Américas sob a perspectiva dos direitos humanos? Qual tem sido o papel do sistema interamericano na proteção e promoção dos direitos humanos em face de uma pandemia tão dramática e avassaladora? Três são os desafios estruturais que caracterizam a singularidade e a especificidade da América Latina: (i) a profunda desigualdade socioeconômica; (ii) o padrão histórico de discriminação em face de grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade; e (iii) os dilemas da institucionalidade democrática. Estes desafios estruturais são exacerbados, acentuados e agravados pelo impacto da presente pandemia. Este artigo visa, através da linguagem dos direitos humanos e sob a ótica do Ius Constitutionale Commune, abordar os estandares interamericanos no combate ao coronavírus, especialmente no que tange aos DESCA, e os principais desafios enfrentados pela região mais desigual do mundo, que demandam a cooperação internacional, o compartilhamento de boas práticas e o embasamento em evidências científicas.
Alterações climáticas, iminência e proteção de direitos humanos: algumas notas a propósito do caso Teitiota c. Nova Zelândia
Authors: Azeredo Lopes José Alberto
Published: February 2021

No caso Teitiota c. Nova Zelândia, apreciado pelo Comité de Direitos Humanos das Nações Unidas, discutem-se alguns dos efeitos atuais mais visíveis das alterações climáticas. O CDH avaliou uma alegada violação do direito à vida, mas, infelizmente, optou por um critério de iminência do risco demasiado exigente que se afasta, não apenas daquilo que o Tribunal Internacional de Justiça tinha, a respeito do mesmo conceito, exposto no caso Gabcíkovo-Nagymaros, como da “iminência” usada, por exemplo, nas teses atuais sobre o uso da força. Além disso, tanto como a questão grave de direitos humanos e a definição urgente e necessária de um “novo” estatuto de proteção internacional, o risco de desaparecimento do território (ou de parte significativa deste) de vários Estados por efeito da elevação do nível dos oceanos atinge o direito de autodeterminação dos povos e coloca desafios ao próprio conceito de Estado.
İndirgenmiş Grafen Oksit ile Kaplanan Pamuk Kumaşın Elektriksel İletkenlik ve Haslık Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜLTEKİN B. Cenkkut
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada, %100 grafen oksit içeren pat hazırlanarak rakle kaplama makinasında pamuk kumaş üzerine kaplama işlemi gerçekleştirildi. Bu amaçla, grafit partiküllerden kimyasal oksidasyon yöntemiyle grafen oksit sentezlendi. Herhangi bir yardımcı kimyasal kullanılmadan hazırlanan %100 grafen oksitten oluşan hidrosol ile kaplama işleminin ardından grafen oksitin elektriksel olarak iletken yapıya dönüşmesi amacıyla C vitamini ile indirgeme işlemi uygulandı. Grafen oksit ve indirgenmiş grafen oksit kaplanmış kumaşın karakterizasyonu Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile gerçekleştirildi ve yüzey özellikleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile incelendi. Elektriksel direnç, dört nokta prob tekniği ile ölçüldü. Yıkama ve sürtme haslık testleri gerçekleştirilerek indirgenmiş grafen oksit kaplı kumaşın elektriksel direnç dayanımı belirlendi. Buna göre, grafen oksit kaplanan pamuk kumaşta elektriksel direnç 4.46E+06 Ω/□ olarak elde edildi ve C vitamini ile indirgeme işlemi sonrası elektriksel direnç 2.56E+02 Ω/□ olarak ölçüldü. Yıkama sonrasında elektriksel direnç değerinde kaydadeğer bir değişim olmadığı ancak haslık testleri sonrasında bir miktar artış olduğu gözlendi. Ayrıca, indirgenmiş grafen oksit kaplı pamuk kumaşın elektromanyetik kalkanlama etkinliği de incelendi ve kumaşın katlanmasıyla kalkanlama etkinliğinin arttığı görüldü.
İş Doyumu ile İş Güvenliği Algısı Arasındaki İlişki: İnşaat İşçileri Örneği
Authors: DEMİR Erhan , ENSARİ Müge , UÇAN Rüştü , KAYHAN Hacer
Published: February 2021

İnşaat sektörü, iş kazalarının yoğun olarak görüldüğü çok tehlikeli işkollarından biridir. İnşaat sahalarında çalışan işçiler için çalışma alanlarında birçok tehlike ve risk vardır. İnşaat işçilerinin iş güvenliği konusundaki algılarının arttırılması, sektördeki iş kazası sayısının azalması ve iş kazaları sebebiyle oluşan hasarın azaltılması bakımından önem arz etmektedir. İnşaat işçileri arasında yürütülen bu araştırmayla iş doyumu ile iş güvenliği algısı arasındaki ilişki ve bu ilişkinin düzeyinin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir. Çalışanların iş doyumu ve iş güvenliği algı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi için anket yöntemi kullanılmış ve 161 inşaat işçisiyle yüz yüze görüşülmüştür. Araştırma için kullanılan anket 3 bölümden meydana gelmektedir. Birinci bölümde demografik özellikleri belirlemek için oluşturulan 6 soruya, ikinci bölümde iş doyumu düzeyi için kullanılan Minnesota İş Doyumu Ölçeğine yer verilmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise iş güvenliği algı düzeyini belirlemek için kullanılan İş Güvenliği Ölçeği bulunmaktadır. Yapılan araştırma neticesinde toplanan verilerin analizi SPSS 22 istatistik programıyla yapılmıştır. Analizler neticesinde çalışanların iş doyumu seviyesi ile iş güvenliği algısı arasında pozitif yönlü ve çok zayıf bir ilişki bulunduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca iş güvenliği algısı ile yaş grupları arasında anlamlı farklılığın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte 26-35 yaş aralığındaki işçilerin algı düzeylerinin diğer yaş gruplarında bulunan işçilere oranla daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
GraphQL için Sorgu Oluşturma Sürecinde Kullanılan Yöntemlerin Analizi ve İyileştirilmesi
Authors: AYDOĞDU İbrahim Enes , NİZAM Ali
Published: February 2021

Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmeler İnternete bağlanan toplam cihaz türü ve sayısında büyük artışa yol açmıştır. Sunucu makineler daha fazla istek almaya başlamış hem ağ trafiği hem de sunucu yanıt süresi olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Bu sorunları çözmek için geliştirilen GraphQL teknolojisi tek bir istekle birden fazla tablo, koleksiyon veya veri tabanına erişim sağlayarak toplu veri sorgulama ve değiştirmeye imkân vermektedir. Bu sayede cihaz başına düşen istek sayısı ve cihazların belleklerinde tutulacak veri boyutu azalır. Ancak GraphQL yeni bir teknoloji olduğundan henüz kod geliştirme sürecini yöneten ve kolaylaştıran araçlar tam olarak gelişmemiştir. Sunucu kısmında sorguları oluşturmak ve çalıştırmak için önemli ölçüde kodun elle yazılması gerekmektedir. Bu da yazılım geliştiricilere önemli bir iş yükü oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada GraphQL sorgu geliştirme süreci, bu süreci kolaylaştırmak veya otomatikleştirmek için kullanılan araçlar, bu araçların kullandığı yöntemler ve sorgu geliştirme maliyetleri analiz edilmiştir. Bu maliyeti azaltmak için kodları otomatik oluşturan bir yöntem önerilmiş ve bir araç geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yöntemin etkinliği diğer yöntemlerle karşılaştırılmış, sayısal olarak incelenmiş ve yazılımcıları birçok kodu tekrar yazmaktan kurtararak zamandan tasarruf sağladığı görülmüştür.