bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the inequalities experienced by health and care workforce and their bases – A scoping review protocol
Authors: Aziz Roomi , Kapilashrami Anuj , Majdzadeh Reza
Published: April 2024

Planning for investment in human resources for health (HRH) is critical to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and establish a sustainable health system. Informed planning warrants a better understanding of the health labour market (HLM) to tackle a variety of health and care workforce challenges: from addressing critical supply shortage, to ensuring optimal skills mix and distribution, and addressing motivation and performance challenges. Scant evidence around the overall role of socioeconomic and cultural factors like gender, race, marital status, citizenship (migrant) status, workplace hierarchy etc. in determining workforce composition, deployment, distribution, retention, un- and underemployment, sub-optimal work environments and other factors in the ‘HRH crisis’ warrants further exploration. This scoping review protocol aims to map and present the available evidence on inequalities experienced by health and care workforce, the socio-economic, cultural and other bases of these inequalities, and their outcomes/ consequences. PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and SCOPUS will be used to identify relevant literature. All types of published study designs in English language will be included if they discuss any inequality experienced by any category of health and care workers. Elaborate keyword categories for health and care workers and inequalities context have been developed, tested and reduced to the near-final search string. Eligible articles will be charted using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The sample data extraction chart in JBI manual will be used as a basic skeleton with fields added to it to serve the needs of the scoping review. Descriptive analysis will be performed, depicting basic frequencies. While no further analysis has been advised in the JBI and PRISMA protocol, thematic analysis will be undertaken; following the Braun and Clarke’s method with some modification and open coding as suggested by Maquire and Delahunt.
Development of a PCR-based assay for specific and sensitive detection of Fusarium buharicum from infected okra plant
Authors: Paul Swapan Kumar , Gupta Dipali Rani , Ino Masatoshi , Ueno Makoto
Published: April 2024

Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium buharicum, is an emerging disease of okra in Japan. The disease was first reported in Japan in 2015, causing significant damage to okra seedlings. Due to the potential threat in okra cultivation, the development of an accurate detection method for F. buharicum is needed for the surveillance and management of the disease. In this study, we designed a primer set and developed conventional and nested PCR assays for the specific detection of F. buharicum in infected okra plants and contaminated soil, respectively. We compared the diversity of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α) gene of F. buharicum with 103 other fungal species/isolates to design a species-specific primer. This primer pair successfully amplified approximately 400 bp of PCR product that was only detected in the F. buharicum isolate, not in the other fungal isolates. The developed nested PCR method was highly sensitive and could detect the fungus from a 0.01 fg DNA sample. The primer successfully detected the pathogen in artificially infected plants and soil by conventional and nested PCR, respectively. This is the first report of the development of the F. buharicum-specific primer set and detection assays, which can be used for the specific and sensitive detection of F. buharicum in field samples and for taking early control measures.
The musical past revives in the present: An investigation into the cultural heritage of a community
Authors: Piccone Francesca
Published: April 2024

This article explores how two specific musical performances, drawing respectively on the rich repertoire of Italian sacred music and a specific sound environment of a region, can promote cultural participation and ingenuity in the Italian countryside amidst uncertainty and demographic change due to depopulation and the loosening of traditional communal ties. The first study focuses on a specific case in the town of Ortona dei Marsi in the Italian province of L’Aquila. A seemingly everyday experience – participation in community singing – is considered and appreciated from a musicological perspective, while its importance for the revitalisation of a community is recognised. The rediscovering of a forgotten musical heritage contributes to an evolving, prosaic sense of rural cultural resources. The particular case of the community of the small rural town of Ortona dei Marsi, overcoming isolation, distance and new circumstances through the revitalisation of a musicologically significant object, sheds light on how a community serendipitously uses the opportunity to make and maintain music together to demonstrate social and cultural resilience. The second study looks at the experiences of middle school students in the Italian city of Biella of a specific sound memory that guides and paves the way to a diverse learning environment.
The Films of Konrad Wolf: Archive of the Revolution, Larson Powell (2020)
Authors: Morgan Ben
Published: April 2024

Review of: The Films of Konrad Wolf: Archive of the Revolution, Larson Powell (2020)

Rochester, NY: Camden House, 320 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-64014-072-1, h/bk, $99.00
Isolation of 60 strains from fermented milk of mares and donkeys in Algeria and identification by 16S rRNA sequencing of lactobacilli: Assessment of probiotic skills of important strains and aromatic productivity power
Authors: Benameur Fouzia , Belkaaloul Kawthar , Kheroua Omar
Published: April 2024

Background and Aim: Donkey and mare milk have high nutritional and functional values, but their lactic acid bacteria (LAB) content remains poorly studied and undervalued in the Algerian dairy industry. This study aimed to isolate and select LAB strains that produce antimicrobial substances during fermentation and to characterize the probiotic profiles of each extracted strain to indicate their potential for antioxidant and proteolytic activity.

Materials and Methods: This study focuses on isolating and identifying lactic acid bacterial strains from 10 Equid-fermented milk samples collected in two regions of El Bayed Wilaya (Algeria). Identification of LAB strains was obtained by 16S rRNA sequencing. The probiotic properties of important strains and their aromatic productivity power are assessed. To evaluate their antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Chryseobacterium joostei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, we selected 21 strains. Different induction methods have been used to amplify the antibacterial effects against these pathogenic strains.

Results: Among a total of 60 identified strains, 31 had a probiotic profile, and most were catalase-negative. Aromatic productivity power was observed in eight strains: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei, Weissella confusa, Weissella cibaria, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc lactis, and Lactobacillus sp1.

Conclusion: Our results provide insight into the considerable diversity of LAB present in fermented donkey and mare milk. To meet the expectations of the Algerian dairy industry, it is important that the probiotic skills of the nine selected strains are met. In addition, a significant number of these strains may have important probiotic activity and biotechnological potential.

Keywords: Algeria, aromatic productivity, lactic acid bacteria, mare and donkey milk, probiotic skills.
Comparison of Information on Infectious Disease Disaster Management Policies in Korea and China: Focusing on the ‘Covid-19’ Disaster Management Processs
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Yong Hoo , Park Sung Hyuk , Yeom Ji In , Lee Chang Kil
Published: April 2024

As the risk from infectious disease disasters is increasing due to climate change and globalization, this study sought to derive policy implications by reviewing the infectious disease disaster management systems of Korea and China and comparing two countries' policies over time in the COVID-19. This study conducted a comprehensive review of infectious disease disaster-related laws, organization, and management systems. It categorized the period from the occurrence of COVID-19 to the present into 'occurrence & inflow phase', 'control & management phase', and 'adaptation & mitigation phase’, comparing policies and comfirmed cases number. As a result of the comparison, the overall strictness was higher in China, and there were differences in the degree of policy stance of the two countries depending on the phase. As policy implications, suggested the establishment of crisis management system through learning from past infectious disease, finding an appropriate balance between disease prevention and individual rights, strengthening public medical infrastructure, and enhancing public awareness and education on infectious diseases.
A Study on Defense Innovation 4.0 and Welfare Policy Development Direction in Response to the Defense Manpower Crisis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Park Hyo Sun
Published: April 2024

Military welfare policies serve as an expression of the strong will of national protection at the national level by providing sufficient welfare to military personnel, and as a mechanism for introducing pride and excellent resources for military service. Accordingly, it calls for the development of individual soldiers' self-realization and welfare, as well as the advancement of the barracks environment. The purpose of this study is to suggest the development direction of defense innovation 4.0 and welfare policies in response to the defense manpower crisis, and the research results are as follows. These include ensuring housing conditions in line with the social environment, improving the remuneration system that is appropriate for sacrifice and service, guaranteeing the livelihood of military families that guarantee pride and happiness, building advanced welfare facilities and infrastructure, and ensuring the stable social settlement of veterans. In particular, policies should be prepared to identify issues that can allow the MZ generation to enter the military organization and to ensure a stable social settlement after discharge.
Impact of Disaster Response Job Demands on COVID-19 Responder Burnout
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kwak Euihyun , Lee Suk-Hyun , Sim Minyoung
Published: April 2024

This study examined the impact of job demands of responding to the COVID-19 on psychological burnout among disaster responders. Online survey data from 1163 participants from 17 public health centers across South Korea. Multiple regression and threshold regression analyses were conducted with subscales of the MBI-GS as dependent variables. Explanatory variables were categorized into the unique factor of responding to a novel infectious disease disaster and another factor of increased general job demands related to disaster response. The results showed that the unique and general job demands differentially affected on the disaster responders’ emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and sense of professional efficacy. Furthermore, the relationships of the variables with burnout differed at the threshold of three to four imposed tasks. Agency managers and policymakers should continue to recruit and train specialized personnel on an ongoing basis, reorganize job assignments, and consider avoiding overburdening a single responder during disaster response.
Readjustment of Forest Fire Danger Season according to Climate Change
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Ryu Juyeol , Kim Sung Yong , Lim Chaehyun , Kwon Chun Guen
Published: April 2024

As a consequence of the globally pervasive high-temperature and drought conditions induced by climate change. Worldwide, efforts are underway to quantitatively assess and evaluate wildfire seasons. In South Korea, despite the strategic designation of precautionary intervals during peak-risk seasons(spring and autumn), the escalating incidence of wildfires beyond these delineated periods necessitates a paradigm shift. According to this study, the past 30 years' wildfire occurrence frequency reveals an escalating ratio of wildfires during non-precautionary periods compared to designated periods. Concurrently, an examination of the variations in the Fire Weather Index(FWI) demonstrates an increase from 10.6 pre-2000 to 13.4 post-2000. The empirical evidence is substantiated by climate change scenario outcomes(HAPPI), indicating an expansion of the wildfire precautionary periods(3 days in spring and 2 weeks in autumn). Consequently, considering the mounting wildfire risk as evidenced by current and future predictive analyses, an imperative for an extension and augmentation of the wildfire precautionary periods in South Korea is underscored.
Associations of adupocutokine and metaboliv hormone level in young people aged 25-44 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity
Authors: Kashtanova E. V. , Polonskaya Ya. V. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Stakhneva E. M. , Shramko V. S. , Mustafina S. V. , Khudyakova A. D. , Ragino Yu. I.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus and obesity are two closely related diseases that are a global public health problem. Obesity is characterized by an increase in the volume of adipose tissue and a change in the production and function of adipocytokines, which leads to a violation of the regulation of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, contributing to the development of insulin resistance and diabetic pathology.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of individual adipocytokines and metabolic hormones in patients with DM2 and without diabetes, depending on the presence/absence of abdominal obesity (AO).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center observational cross-sectional study was conducted. A population subsample of men and women aged 25–44 years was examined. Socio-demographic data were collected, anthropometric measurements were performed. The levels of amylin, C-peptide, ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucagon, were determined in blood serum by multiplex analysis using a set of reagents Human Metabolic Hormone V3 (USA) and Human Adipokine Panel 1 (USA) on a Luminex MAGPIX flow fluorimeter (USA). interleukin 6, insulin, leptin, monocytic chemotactic factor 1 (MCP-1), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin-2, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and resistin.

RESULTS: The study included 105 people. The main group consisted of 35 people with diabetes mellitus, 11 of them without AO and 24 with AO, the control group consisted of 70 people without diabetes mellitus (35 people with AO and 35 without AO), comparable in gender and age with the main group. In individuals with abdominal obesity, regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the levels of C-peptide, GLP-1, insulin, leptin and TNF-alpha are higher than in individuals without abdominal obesity. The chance of having diabetes mellitus and AO is associated with an increase in leptin levels (OR=1.367, 95% CI: 1.050–1.779, p=0.020).

CONCLUSION: The results of our study show that the indicators of the adipocytokine profile differ significantly in individuals with the presence/absence of abdominal obesity. According to our data, leptin makes the greatest contribution to the development of SD2 against the background of AO. Further research is needed to identify causal relationships and determine whether treatment that regulates adipocytokine levels can help in personalized approaches to the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome: preventive gonadectomy, pros and cons
Authors: Starostina E. A. , Frolkova N. V. , Seidova S. M. , Przhiyalkovskaya E. G. , Platonova N. M. , Troshina E. A.
Published: April 2024

Androgen insensitivity syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by complete or partial androgen insensitivity in individuals with a 46XY genotype. It is also the most common cause of disorders of sexual differentiation in patients with a 46XY karyotype. This condition is caused by a defect in the androgen receptor gene (AR), leading to abnormal development of male genitalia, impaired formation of male secondary sexual characteristics, and phenotypic features resembling the female sex.

One of the important aspects related to the management of androgen insensitivity syndrome is the necessity of preventive gonadectomy. However, the rationale for prophylactic removal of gonads remains a subject of debate. This article presents a clinical case of a 37-year-old woman with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome who, despite recommendations for gonadectomy based on suspicious MRI characteristics of the gonads, made the decision to decline surgical intervention, justifying her choice by the positive impact of gonadal hormonal activity on her external appearance and physical characteristics. This clinical case highlights the complexity of decision-making in the management of androgen insensitivity syndrome, where patient preferences and needs may play a significant role, despite potential risks and concerns surrounding the preservation of gonads.
Content of adipokines and myokines in the blood of children and adolescents with obesity with polymorphism of the gene of liver triacylglycerol lipase rs2070895
Authors: Shestopalov A. V. , Davydov V. V. , Tumanyan G. T. , Teplyakova E. D. , Shkurat T. P. , Mashkina E. V. , Shkurat M. A. , Gaponov A. M. , Borisenko O. V. , Roumiantsev S. A.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:A special role in the development of obesity is given to the genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism enzymes, which include triacylglycerol lipase. However, there is still no information about the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of the triacylglycerol lipase (LIPC) gene and the state of the endocrine function of mesenchymal tissues in childhood and adolescence obesity.

AIM:The aim of the work was to study the relationship between snpLIPCfor rs2070895 and changes in the content of adipokines, myokines, and the values of blood lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents with different sexes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:In 96 healthy children and adolescents of different sexes and 98 obese peers, a study was conducted to assess the snp of theLIPCby rs2070895. In the blood serum of the examined, the content of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose, activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as the level of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, irisin, adipsin, myostatin, FGF21, osteocrine, oncostatin M , insulin and asprosin.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:It has been established that obesity in boys is accompanied by hyperleptinemia, the occurrence of insulin resistance and disorders of blood lipid metabolism. In carriers of the heterozygous allele -250G/A, dyslipidemia and atherogenesis decrease in obesity, but alteration of internal organs increases. In girls with differentLIPCgenotypes for rs2070895, with obesity, there is an increase in the level of leptin and apelin, as well as irisin and insulin in the blood. In girls with the homozygous allele -250G/G, in addition to that, the content of resistin, asprosin and prolactin decreases in the blood, which is not are typical for girls with the heterozygous allele -250G/A. In obese girls with the heterozygous allele, the levels of adipsin, FGF-21, oncostatin M, and osteocrine increase, which are not typical for obese girls with the homozygous allele. Against the background of changes in the content of adipokines and myokines in girls homozygous forLIPC, obesity occurs dyslipemia, which is not typical for girls with the heterozygous allele -250G/A.

CONCLUSION:The snp ofLIPCat rs2070895 has sex-dependent effects on the levels of adipokines, myokines, and parameters lipid metabolism in the blood.
The 3% hypertonic saline infusion test for the differential diagnosis of diabetes insipidus and primary polydipsia: assessment of diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Katamadze N. N. , Pigarova E. A. , Dzeranova L. K. , Rebrova O. Yu. , Troshina E. A.
Published: April 2024

AIM: assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of a 3% hypertonic saline infusion test in relation to a set of clinical and laboratory data (including a water deprivation test and MRI data) for differential diagnoses of diabetes insipidus (DI) and primary polydipsia (PP).

METHODS: An interventional cross-sectional study was carried out at Endocrinology Research Centre From September 2021 to September 2023 ninety patients with polyuria-polydipsia syndrome were included. In order to assess the diagnostic characteristics, all the subjects underwent two tests with osmotic stimulation: a 3% hypertonic saline infusion test and a water deprivation test. Adverse events were assessed.

RESULTS: Based on the results of clinical, anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental data, and the results of a water deprivation test, a final diagnosis of DI was made in 48 (53%) patients and PP in 42 (47%) patients. The agreement between the two samples is significant — Kappa = 0.823, 95% CI (0.707, 0.939). The operational parameters of the 3% hypertonic saline infusion test are: sensitivity 98% (95% CI: 89%; 100%); specificity 98% (95% CI: 87%; 100%), positive and negative predictive values 98% (95% CI: 89%–100%) and 98% (95% CI: 87%–100%). Respectively. Chills occurred significantly more often (31% vs. 12%), and dizziness and headache were more pronounced during the 3% hypertonic saline infusion test. The median duration of the water deprivation test in patients was 11 hours, and median duration of 3% hypertonic saline infusion test was 1.5 hour (P<0.001).

CONCLUSION: The 3% hypertonic saline infusion test has a high overall diagnostic accuracy 98%; 95% CI 92% to 100%)) in relation to the classical set of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data of patients (including a water deprivation test), However, it is important the advantage of the latter is its short duration and, as a consequence, better tolerability and probably better compliance, while no significant differences in adverse events frequencies during the tests were identified.
Ethnomusicology, Folklore, and Social Relevance. By Josep Martí. Translated by Peter Collins
Authors: Josep Martí  , Peter Collins
Published: April 2024

This article raises the need for (Spanish) ethnomusicology to replace rigid nineteenth century approaches with renewed anthropological and sociological concepts and analytical tools, Through the notion of “social relevance,” the author responds to this need and advocates for the study of horizontal influence (dynamic, meaningful), rather than vertical roots (ancestral, quasi-sacred) in a musical repertoire. “Social relevance” would be the academic opposite to “cultural paternity” (as ethnic ascription), prioritizing the importance that a song, instrument, or dance has for a community in a specific moment. Therefore, the main task of an ethnomusicologist is to understand the musical life of a society, because the relevance does not depend on music itself, but on its context. Consequently, the concept of social relevance rejects perceptions of popular music studies as marginal, and instead accepts the study of popular music as a discipline that deserves full scholarly attention, eliminating mythologized hierarchies of elite groups. The article discusses how social relevance manifests in three interrelated dimensions: meaning, or how a musical piece is perceived; the uses to which it is put; and its social functions. These analyses apply to different genres such as opera, jazz, rock, folk, classical, and avant-garde music, and point out the universal attributes they all share according to the principle of their social relevance.

Citation:

Originally published in Spanish as “Etnomusicología, folklore y relevancia social.” In Actas del I Congreso de la Sociedad Ibérica de Etnomusicología, edited by Jordi Raventós, 11-22. Barcelona: La mà de Guido, 1996.
Implementación de un Programa de Robótica en el Servicio de Cirugía General de un Hospital Terciario
Authors: Alías Jiménez David , Labalde Martínez María , García Villar Óscar , Rubio González Eduardo , Nevado García Cristina , Peláez Torres Pablo , Vivas López Alfredo , Gómez Sanz Ramón , García Borda Francisco Javier , Ferrero Herrero Eduardo
Published: April 2024

La cirugía robótica es la máxima expresión de cirugía mínimamente invasiva que tenemos a nuestro alcance hoy en día. En 2023 existían más de 8.285 sistemas robóticos da Vinci disponibles en centros hospitalarios de todo el mundo con más de trece millones de intervenciones quirúrgicas realizadas. Para tratar de conseguir unos aceptables resultados clínicos con el uso de la cirugía robótica, hay dos aspectos claves: adquirir las competencias adecuadas para el uso de los instrumentos y el equipo de cirugía robótica y contar con programa de entrenamiento estructurado que garantice la seguridad del paciente y la consecución de buenos resultados.
La implementación de un programa de cirugía robótica en un hospital de tercer nivel implica la toma de decisiones para ver cuales serán los servicios que comenzarán con esta actividad, y dentro de cada servicio, que secciones y cirujanos serán los encargados de ponerlo en marcha.
Una vez iniciado el programa de cirugía robótica se ha evidenciado que las curvas de aprendizaje de los cirujanos que se van incorporando son más cortas y necesitan un menor número de pacientes para alcanzarlas. Es fundamental la selección de los casos iniciales y la experiencia en cirugía laparoscópica previa, así como disponer de equipos estables que mejorarán la eficiencia y los resultados a largo plazo de los procedimientos robóticos. Los costes más elevados de estos procedimientos se pueden ver compensados por las ventajas y superioridad evidenciada en diferentes aspectos publicados en la literatura en el abordaje de patologías de alta complejidad.
Dexmedetomidine Effects on Surgical Stress Hormones
Authors: Sembada Ridzki Hastanus , Suromo Lisyani B , Harahap M Sofyan , Susanto Hardhono , Budijitno Selamat , Erwinanto Erwinanto
Published: April 2024

Background: Increased levels of cortisol and catecholamines are the reaction to tissue damage due to surgical trauma. Dexmedetomidine inhibits the synthesis of these two hormones.Objective: This study aimed to prove that dexmedetomidine reduces the endocrine response to surgical stress.Method: 40 patients who underwent Total Knee or Hip Replacement surgery with regional anesthesia were involved in the Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Pre-Test – Post-Test Design, which was divided into two research groups: the therapy group and the control group. Changes in the body's response to stress during surgery were compared by assessing blood cortisol levels, heart rates (HRs), and mean arterial pressures (MAPs). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to evaluate the level of depression. The numeric rating scale is used to evaluate perioperative pain, while the Ramsay scale is used to measure the level of sedation. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS).Results: The cortisol levels of the therapy group compared to the control group (p = 0.016) decreased significantly immediately after surgery. Hemodynamic changes in the study, the heart rate (p=0.001), and mean arterial pressure (p=0.000) were significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion: Administration of dexmedetomidine during the surgical period reduces stress hormone responses. These results indicate that dexmedetomidine administration is good to apply, especially in TKR/THR.
Perbandingan Kualitas InaCORS dan SuGAr untuk Studi Pemantauan Deformasi Kerak di Sumatera
Authors: Alif Satrio Muhammad , Siregar Ribhan Nafiz , Siburian Yesica Tumim , Anggara Ongky
Published: April 2024

Pemantauan deformasi kerak di Sumatera merupakan hal penting dalam pemahaman aktivitas tektonik dan potensi gempa bumi di wilayah tersebut. Tingginya aktivitas tektonik di Pulau Sumatera dapat dikuantifikasi dengan pengamatan stasiun kontinu. Penelitian ini membandingkan kualitas dua jaringan pengamatan stasiun kontinu yang tersedia di Pulau Sumatera yaitu Sumatran GPS Array (SuGAr) dan Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Stations (InaCORS). Data stasiun kontinu yang digunakan, diamati dari 2020 hingga 2022, dan digunakan untuk menganalisis perubahan posisi permukaan dan deformasi kerak secara kontinu. Hasil perbandingan kedua jenis stasiun kontinu menunjukkan bahwa stasiun SuGAR dan stasiun InaCORS memiliki ketelitian yang baik dengan orde milimeter. Pada hasil komponen horizontal dan komponen vertikal, nilai ketelitian stasiun SuGAR lebih baik dibandingkan stasiun InaCORS. Kedua data merupakan sumber data yang penting untuk pemantauan deformasi kerak sehingga penggunaan kedua stasiun ini secara kombinasi dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif tentang pemantauan pergerakan deformasi kerak di Sumatera.
Aplikasi Tensor Fase Data Magnetotellurik untuk Pemodelan Panas Bumi The Geysers, California dan Dikorelasikan dengan Data Gaya Berat
Authors: Irawati Selvi Misnia , Paembonan Andri Yadi , Fernanda Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Lapangan panas bumi The Geysers terletak di antara dua sesar strike-slip yang tidak aktif, yaitu Sesar Mercuryville dan Collayomi berarah barat laut tenggara. Bagian barat laut The Geysers merupakan lokasi proyek Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS), karena pada area ini lokasi zona reservoir memiliki suhu yang tinggi mencapai 400 °C dengan kedalaman sekitar 2,6 km di bawah permukaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur dan kondisi bawah permukaan barat laut The Geysers menggunakan analisis tensor fase data magnetotellurik dan dikorelasikan dengan data gaya berat. Analisis tensor fase digunakan untuk mengetahui arah geoelectrical strike yang timbul akibat adanya ketidakhomogenan konduktivitas listrik secara lateral di Bumi dan memberikan informasi tentang kondisi bawah permukaan. Arah geoelectrical strike pada daerah penelitian diperoleh sekitar N145°E. Clay cap diidentifikasi memiliki nilai resistivitas <30 Ohm.m dengan kedalaman 0,2 km dan ketebalan 0,8 – 1 km, batupasir graywacke merupakan reservoir utama pada daerah penelitian memiliki nilai resistivitas 30 – 90 Ohm.m dengan kedalaman 1 km dan ketebalan 0,4 – 1,8 km, serta terdapat area yang lebih resistif dengan nilai resistivitas 90 – 300 Ohm.m pada kedalaman 1,5 – 2 km merupakan batuan metagraywacke. Peningkatan temperatur reservoir pada kedalaman 2,6 km diduga karena adanya peran dari batuan metagraywacke sebagai Hot Dry Rock Reservoir (HDR).
TIMP4 Modulates ER-α Signalling in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Pruefer Franz , Vazquez-Santillan K. , Muñoz-Galindo L. , Cruz-Colin J. L. , Maldonado V. , Melendez-Zajgla Jorge
Published: April 2024

Tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 4 (TIMP4) contributes to poor prognosis in breast and other tumours. However, the mechanisms of how TIMP4 influences breast cancer cell behaviour are unknown. Our aim was to explore the signalling pathways modulated by TIMP4 in breast cancer cells. Human recombinant TIMP4 was added to MCF7 breast cancer cells and RNASeq was performed. TIMP4 RNASeq results were validated by RT-PCR. Network analyses of TIMP4-exposed cells showed that ER-α, HIF1A and TGF-β signalling were activated, whereas FOXO3 signalling was downregulated. ER-α protein levels were increased and concordantly, promoters of TIMP4-upregulated genes were significantly enriched in oestrogen-binding sites. We concluded that TIMP4 modulates multiple signalling pathways relevant in cancer in MCF7 cells, including the ER-α cascade.
De grupo insurgente a partido político: la construcción del enemigo y el adversario entre el Gobierno de Colombia y la antigua guerrilla de las FARC-EP en el marco del conflicto armado y el acuerdo de paz
Authors: Belalcázar Valencia John Gregory , Losada Medina Margarita Rosa
Published: April 2024

Al pensar una confrontación entre dos situados en el marco de lo que representa un conflicto armado y político como lo fuera el caso entre el Estado de Colombia y la antigua guerrilla de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), un tema en interés emerge de dicho contexto, y se trata de comprender aquello que supone la “idea de enemigo-adversario” bajo la visión de Sí - del Otro, que se fue delineando progresivamente por parte del Estado frente al grupo armado FARC-EP en lo que duró la confrontación que sostuvieron en el tiempo, considerando que esta situación se dio solo y únicamente en el plano de lo militar, sino que también se estableció una confrontación política e incluso jurídica, si se consideran las diversas circunstancias que supone un conflicto armado como este
“Una puerta a la esperanza”: iniciativas de memoria colectiva en la región del Catatumbo para resignificar y resistir al conflicto armado
Authors: Castilla Katherine Michele , Villa-Gómez Juan David
Published: April 2024

El conflicto armado colombiano, después de 60 años, sigue dejando huella sobre gran parte de la sociedad. Son millones de personas que han tenido que abandonar sus tierras y emigrar a la ciudad. Todos los colombianos de diversas maneras se han visto afectados por la confrontación, y 9.361.995 son las personas víctimas, reconocidas e incluidas en el Registro Único de Víctimas [RUV] (Unidad para las Víctimas, 2022). Podría decirse, según el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD, 2020) que este es el drama histórico más importante de los últimos 60 años en el país, porque ha causado fuertes impactos sobre el desarrollo humano y todos sus indicadores: la lucha contra la pobreza, la gobernabilidad, la transparencia, la equidad, los derechos humanos y el fortalecimiento del sentido de lo público.
Revisiting the Authorship of [Arist.] περὶ πνεύματος: The Case for Theophrastus
Authors: Torrente Luca
Published: April 2024

In this article, I claim that the treatise known as περὶ πνεύματος/De spiritu (481a-486b Bekker) was written by Theophrastus. My overall argument unfolds in three stages: first, I briefly summarize the arguments against De spiritu’s authenticity in Aristotle’s corpus. This summary will lead to my first argument which uses the very same reasons that prove the non-Aristotelian authorship to claim the Theophrastean one, in particular linguistic aspects of the text (§2). Next, I will focus on chronology, by discussing the mention of one Aristogenes to show that Aristotle could not have known this individual (§3). Third and last, I will examine various aspects of the work that demonstrate stylistic and argumentative connections (§4), as well as doctrinal affinities with the works of Theophrastus, although some have attributed it to Strato (§5). On the basis of these arguments, I conclude that the weight of the evidence makes On Breath a work by Theophrastus (or his circle) rather than one composed by Aristotle.
Natural Death and Teleology in Aristotle’s Science of Living Beings
Authors: Zemolin Lorenzo
Published: April 2024

According to most interpreters, Aristotle explains death as the result of material processes of the body going against the nature of the living being. Yet, this description is incomplete, for it does not clarify the relationship between the process of decay and the teleological system in which it occurs: this makes it impossible to distinguish between natural and violent death. In this paper, I try to fill this gap by looking at his so-called ‘biological works’ and mainly at the De Juventute. I first introduce the specific concept of life at play in this treatise and prove its complementarity with the framework of the De Anima. Then, I illustrate in detail the process of dying and the reasons why a merely material description is insufficient to account for the distinction between natural and violent death. Finally, I show that for Aristotle natural death is a by-product of teleologically directed life activities: only against the background of this teleological structure is natural death fully explained in terms of essence and causes. To support this claim, I compare death to two analogous cases in Aristotle’s biology, namely dreams and the features of GA V.
Highly specific vaginal microbiome signature for gynecological cancers
Authors: Han Mengzhen , Wang Na , Han Wenjie , Liu Xiaolin , Sun Tao , Xu Junnan
Published: April 2024

To investigate the vaginal microbiota signature of patients with gynecologic cancer and evaluate its diagnostic biomarker potential. We incorporated vaginal 16S rRNA-seq data from 529 women and utilized VSEARCH to analyze the raw data. α-Diversity was evaluated utilizing the Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices, and β-diversity was evaluated through principal component analysis using Bray-Curtis distances. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was utilized to determine species differences between groups. A bacterial co-abundance network was constructed utilizing Spearman correlation analysis. A random forest model of gynecologic tumor risk based on genus was constructed and validated to test its diagnostic efficacy. In gynecologic cancer patients, vaginal α-diversity was significantly greater than in controls, and vaginal β-diversity was significantly separated from that of controls; there was no correlation between these characteristics and menopause status among the subject women. Women diagnosed with gynecological cancer exhibited a reduction in the abundance of vaginal Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, while an increase was observed in the proportions of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Prevotella, Streptococcus, and Anaerococcus. A random forest model constructed based on 56 genus achieved high accuracy (area under the curve = 84.96%) in gynecological cancer risk prediction. Furthermore, there were discrepancies observed in the community complexity of co-abundance networks between gynecologic cancer patients and the control group. Our study provides evidence that women with gynecologic cancer have a unique vaginal flora structure and microorganisms may be involved in the gynecologic carcinogenesis process. A gynecological cancer risk prediction model based on characteristic genera has good diagnostic value.
Empagliflozin-loaded nanomicelles responsive to reactive oxygen species for renal ischemia/reperfusion injury protection
Authors: Cheng Jianjun , Zhang Xin , Zheng Qiang , Shi Shaohua , Wang Jianping
Published: April 2024

The brain, heart, liver, kidney, and other organs are susceptible to the harmful effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), where the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following IRI contributes to tissue damage and ensuing inflammation. In recent years, researchers have designed various nanoparticles that are responsive to ROS for the treatment of IRI. Empagliflozin (EMPA), an inhibitor of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 commonly used in type 2 diabetes mellitus, shows promise in mitigating IRI. However, its water-insolubility and low bioavailability present challenges in fully realizing its therapeutic efficacy. To tackle this issue, we formulated EMPA-loaded nanomicelles designed to respond to ROS, aiming to prevent renal damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion. Extensive characterization confirmed the effectiveness of the formulated nanomicelles. Through simulations and release studies, we observed structural modifications in the micelles leading to the release of EMPA upon encountering ROS (H2O2). In animal studies, rats treated with EMPA-loaded micelles showed normal renal tissue architecture, with only some remaining tubular swelling. Molecular assessments revealed that IRI triggered cell apoptosis through mechanisms involving hypoxia, metabolic stress, ROS, and TNF-α elevation. EMPA treatment reversed this process by upregulating B-cell lymphoma protein 2 and reducing levels of associated X (BAX) protein, Caspase 3, and Caspase 8. These results indicate that ROS-responsive micelles could act as a spatially targeted delivery system, effectively transporting EMPA directly to the ischemic kidney. This offers a promising therapeutic strategy for alleviating the impact of renal IRI.
Inverse homomorphisms of finite groups
Authors: Shaposhnikov Igor G.
Published: April 2024

Replacing the equality in the condition of the homomorphism of a multi-based universal algebra with inequality leads to the definition of an inverse homomorphism of a multi-based universal algebra. In this paper methods for constructing nontrivial inverse homomorphisms of finite groups are studied.
Holocaust***Gulag: Repressing, Rescuing, and Regulating Recalcitrant Legacies
Authors: Krondorfer Björn , Tolstaya Katya
Published: April 2024

Is it possible to bring into conversation two different traumatic legacies that occurred in the twentieth century in Europe? How can we engage in productive conversation about two totalitarian systems that repressed, incarcerated, dehumanized, and murdered people deemed enemies of the state or unworthy of living? These were some of the challenging questions addressed in the roundtable symposium “Holocaust***Gulag: Repressing, Rescuing, and Regulating Recalcitrant Legacies.” The symposium aimed at addressing specific aspects of the difficult and painful histories of the Holocaust and the Gulag, and to probe how these long-lasting legacies intrude into contemporary society, culture, religion, and politics.
Comparison of full fiber coupled interferometer systems under vacuum conditions
Authors: Meier Martin , Weichert Christoph , Kawohl Jan , Flügge Jens , Manske Eberhard
Published: April 2024

The PTB built a comparator setup for testing length measuring systems under vacuum conditions. The setup is equipped with a linear stage which is operated in a closed loop using the feedback of a 1.5D encoder system with three encoder heads for length and vertical rotation angle and exhibits a movement range of 150 mm. The main measurement system is a heterodyne interferometer with periodic nonlinearities with amplitudes below 10 pm. The comparator setup was characterized using a mirror mounted on the stage reflecting the measurement as well as the reference beams. By these means, the resolution, the stability of the setup as well as the influence of guiding errors on position-dependent measurement deviations of the fully fiber coupled interferometer were investigated. A position-depending error was observed which was resulting from the variation of the performance of the coupling into the multi-mode fibers used to transfer the superposed beams to the photoreceivers. The measured deviations were 1.5 nm or 0.2 nm over 70 mm travel range depending on the core diameter of the multi-mode fibers of 50 µm and 200 µm, respectively. Three different commercial fiber interferometer systems were analysed under vacuum conditions with the comparator setup. All tested systems are working with light sources with a wavelength of approximately 1535 nm but differ in the amplitude of their periodic nonlinearities in the range between 10 pm and 29 nm. The tests of their resolution and stability were limited by vibrations in the comparator setup and the lack of adequate synchronization capabilities of the data acquisition of these systems.
Resistivity and Piezoelectrical Behavior of the Smart Oil Well Cement Incorporated with Aluminum Oxide and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles—Experimental and Analytical Study
Authors: Vipulanandan C. , Mohammed Ahmed Salih , Piro Nzar Shakr
Published: April 2024

The effects of individually adding 1 % nano aluminum oxide (NA) and 1 % nano iron oxide (NF) on the curing, compressive piezoelectric, and stress-strain characteristics of cement (Class H) were studied and quantified. X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis were used to evaluate the cement (class H) with and without the 1 % NF and 1 % NA modification. The cement’s initial electrical resistivity (ER) incorporated with 0.1 % conductive filler was improved by 16 and 31 %, respectively, with 1 % NF and 1 % NA. Including 1 % NF and 1 % NA enhanced the stress at the failure of the cement paste by 26 and 39 % and 17 and 42 %, respectively, after curing times of 1 and 28 d. The nonlinear Vipulanandan p-q curing model was employed to anticipate ER change with curing age. Depending on the curing period and type of nanomaterial, the piezoelectrical (piezoresistivity) of “smart” cement containing NF and NA was more significant than normal cement by 500 times. The nonlinear curing model has been applied to model variations in ER with the curing period. The gauge factor model relating strain to resistivity changes under compressive stress was also developed using a relation model.
Characteristics of the Problems of a Patient with a Pituitary Tumour Treated Endoscopically through the Sphenoid Sinus
Authors: Królikowska Agnieszka , Birski Marcin , Ślusarz Robert
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Pituitary tumours are usually benign adenomas. Surgical treatment is most often dedicated to patients with adenomas that cause symptoms of pressure, such as visual disturbances, headaches or symptoms resulting from hormonal disorders.

Aim. The aim of this study is to present the characteristic problems of a patient with pituitary macroadenoma who underwent endoscopic surgery through the sphenoid sinus.

Case Report. An individual case study of a 42-year-old man with pituitary macroadenoma who underwent surgical treatment through the sphenoid sinus is presented. The patient’s problem before neurosurgical treatment were headaches, which impaired his functioning. The postoperative period was uneventful, but required careful monitoring of the patient for cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the nose, diabetes insipidus and electrolyte disturbances.

Discussion. The case we analyzed required intensified multi-directional observation due to the risk of complications. After surgery, the patient was relatively quickly independent in everyday activities. Additionally, he required further support and education from the nursing team.

Conclusions. Endoscopic procedure through the nose and sphenoid sinus does not externally mutilate the patient, the postoperative wound is moved deep into the nose. The patient remains physically fit, quickly becomes independent in everyday activities, and requires little assistance from the nurse. Furthermore professional nursing observation of the patient after transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery allows detecting disturbing symptoms, enabling their early recognition and effective treatment. (JNNN 2023;12(4):170–176)
Rendering of Verbal and Verbal-Visual Puns in Lithuanian-Dubbed Animated Film “Mr. Peabody and Sherman”
Authors: Brasienė Brigita
Published: April 2024

The rendering of verbal and verbal-visual puns in dubbing is a tough task that requires taking into account linguistic challenges, multimodal cohesion and dubbing synchronies. Thus, the aim of this research is to determine how verbal and verbal-visual puns are rendered from English into Lithuanian in the animated film Mr. Peabody & Sherman (2014). There have been collected 27 cases of puns including 14 verbal (52%) and 13 verbal-visual (48%) puns. The categorisation of verbal and verbal-visual puns according to the type revealed that verbal puns contained examples of homonymy, homophony and paronymy, but paronymic verbal puns prevailed the most. Almost all cases of verbal-visual puns were homonymic because of their intersemiotic construction which is usually based on polysemous words. All cases of verbal and verbal-visual puns have been rendered by employing 3 translation techniques: PUN→PUN, PUN→NON-PUN, PUN→PUNOID. The prevailing technique for transferring verbal and verbal-visual puns was PUN→PUN, which reveals the translator’s attempt to tackle linguistic challenges and consider multimodal cohesion and dubbing synchronies.