bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Insights into the Measurement of Carbon Dioxide Concentrations for Clinical Practice in Respiratory Medicine
Authors: Umeda Akira , Ishizaka Masahiro , Ikeda Akane , Miyagawa Kazuya , Mochida Atsumi , Takeda Hiroshi , Takeda Kotaro , Fukushi Isato , Okada Yasumasa , Gozal David
Published: August 2021

In the field of respiratory clinical practice, the importance of measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations cannot be overemphasized. Within the body, assessment of the arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) has been the gold standard for many decades. Non-invasive assessments are usually predicated on the measurement of CO2 concentrations in the air, usually using an infrared analyzer, and these data are clearly important regarding climate changes as well as regulations of air quality in buildings to ascertain adequate ventilation. Measurements of CO2 production with oxygen consumption yield important indices such as the respiratory quotient and estimates of energy expenditure, which may be used for further investigation in the various fields of metabolism, obesity, sleep disorders, and lifestyle-related issues. Measures of PaCO2 are nowadays performed using the Severinghaus electrode in arterial blood or in arterialized capillary blood, while the same electrode system has been modified to enable relatively accurate non-invasive monitoring of the transcutaneous partial pressure of CO2 (PtcCO2). PtcCO2 monitoring during sleep can be helpful for evaluating sleep apnea syndrome, particularly in children. End-tidal PCO2 is inferior to PtcCO2 as far as accuracy, but it provides breath-by-breath estimates of respiratory gas exchange, while PtcCO2 reflects temporal trends in alveolar ventilation. The frequency of monitoring end-tidal PCO2 has markedly increased in light of its multiple applications (e.g., verify endotracheal intubation, anesthesia or mechanical ventilation, exercise testing, respiratory patterning during sleep, etc.).
Numerical Investigation of Multifunctional Plasmonic Micro-Fiber Based on Fano Resonances and LSPR Excited via Cylindrical Vector Beam
Authors: Liu Min , Yu Lan , Lei Yunze , Fang Xiang , Ma Ying , Liu Lixin , Zheng Juanjuan , Lin Ke , Gao Peng
Published: August 2021

Function expansion of fiber sensor is highly desired for ultrasensitive optical detection and analysis. Here, we present an approach of multifunctional fiber sensor based on Fano resonances and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excited via cylindrical vector beam with ability of refractive index (RI) sensing, nano-distance detection, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Silver (Ag)-nanocube modified microfiber is theoretically proved to enable to detect RI of the nearby solids and gases based on Fano resonances with a sensitivity of 128.63 nm/refractive index unit (RIU) and 148.21 nm/RIU for solids and gases, respectively. The scattering spectrum of the Ag nanocube has the red-shift response to the varies of the nano-distance between the nanocube and the nearby solid, providing a detection sensitivity up to 1.48 nm (wavelength)/nm (distance). Moreover, this configuration is theoretically verified to have ability to significantly enhance electric field intensity. Radially polarized beam is proved to enhance the electric field intensity as large as 5 times in the side-face configuration compared with linear polarization beam. This fiber-based sensing method is helpful in fields of remote detection, multiple species detection, and cylindrical vector beam-based detection.
PtOEP–PDMS-Based Optical Oxygen Sensor
Authors: Penso Camila M. , Rocha João L. , Martins Marcos S. , Sousa Paulo J. , Pinto Vânia C. , Minas Graça , Silva Maria M. , Goncalves Luís M.
Published: August 2021

The advanced and widespread use of microfluidic devices, which are usually fabricated in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), requires the integration of many sensors, always compatible with microfluidic fabrication processes. Moreover, current limitations of the existing optical and electrochemical oxygen sensors regarding long-term stability due to sensor degradation, biofouling, fabrication processes and cost have led to the development of new approaches. Thus, this manuscript reports the development, fabrication and characterization of a low-cost and highly sensitive dissolved oxygen optical sensor based on a membrane of PDMS doped with platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) film, fabricated using standard microfluidic materials and processes. The excellent mechanical and chemical properties (high permeability to oxygen, anti-biofouling characteristics) of PDMS result in membranes with superior sensitivity compared with other matrix materials. The wide use of PtOEP in sensing applications, due to its advantage of being easily synthesized using microtechnologies, its strong phosphorescence at room temperature with a quantum yield close to 50%, its excellent Strokes Shift as well as its relatively long lifetime (75 µs), provide the suitable conditions for the development of a miniaturized luminescence optical oxygen sensor allowing long-term applications. The influence of the PDMS film thickness (0.1–2.5 mm) and the PtOEP concentration (363, 545, 727 ppm) in luminescent properties are presented. This enables to achieve low detection levels in a gas media range from 0.5% up to 20%, and in liquid media from 0.5 mg/L up to 3.3 mg/L at 1 atm, 25 °C. As a result, we propose a simple and cost-effective system based on a LED membrane photodiode system to detect low oxygen concentrations for in situ applications.
Intra-Day Solar Power Forecasting Strategy for Managing Virtual Power Plants
Authors: Moreno Guillermo , Santos Carlos , Martín Pedro , Rodríguez Francisco Javier , Peña Rafael , Vuksanovic Branislav
Published: August 2021

Solar energy penetration has been on the rise worldwide during the past decade, attracting a growing interest in solar power forecasting over short time horizons. The increasing integration of these resources without accurate power forecasts hinders the grid operation and discourages the use of this renewable resource. To overcome this problem, Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) provide a solution to centralize the management of several installations to minimize the forecasting error. This paper introduces a method to efficiently produce intra-day accurate Photovoltaic (PV) power forecasts at different locations, by using free and available information. Prediction intervals, which are based on the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), account for the forecast uncertainty which provides additional information about the VPP node power generation. The performance of the forecasting strategy has been verified against the power generated by a real PV installation, and a set of ground-based meteorological stations in geographical proximity have been used to emulate a VPP. The forecasting approach is based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and shows similar errors to those obtained with other deep learning methods published in the literature, offering a MAE performance of 44.19 W/m2 under different lead times and launch times. By applying this technique to 8 VPP nodes, the global error is reduced by 12.37% in terms of the MAE, showing huge potential in this environment.
The Recent Advancement in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Tracking Antenna: A Review
Authors: Kelechi Anabi Hilary , Alsharif Mohammed H. , Oluwole Damilare Abdulbasit , Achimugu Philip , Ubadike Osichinaka , Nebhen Jamel , Aaron-Anthony Atayero , Uthansakul Peerapong
Published: August 2021

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) antenna tracking system is an electromechanical component designed to track and steer the signal beams from the ground control station (GCS) to the airborne platform for optimum signal alignment. In a tracking system, an antenna continuously tracks a moving target and records their position. A UAV tracking antenna system is susceptible to signal loss if omnidirectional antenna is deployed as the preferred design. Therefore, to achieve longer UAV distance communication, there is a need for directional high gain antenna. From design principle, directional antennas are known to focus their signal energy in a particular direction viewed from their radiation pattern which is concentrated in a particular azimuth direction. Unfortunately, a directional antenna is limited by angle, thus, it must always be directed to the target. The other limitation of a UAV mechanical beam steering system is that the system is expensive to maintain and with low reliability. To solve this problem, we are proposing the use of MIMO technology as a readily available technology for UAV beyond line of sight technology. Although UAV antenna tracking is domiciled in the mechanical beam steering arrangement, this study shows that this native technology could be usurped by MIMO beam forming.
Comparisons of Differential Filtering and Homography Transformation in Modal Parameter Identification from UAV Measurement
Authors: Zhang Jiqiao , Wu Zhihua , Chen Gongfa , Liang Qiang
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes a differential filtering method for the identification of modal parameters of bridges from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurement. The determination of the modal parameters of bridges is a key issue in bridge damage detection. Accelerometers and fixed cameras have disadvantages of deployment difficulty. Hence, the actual displacement of a bridge may be obtained by using the digital image correlation (DIC) technology from the images collected by a UAV. As drone movement introduces false displacement into the collected images, the homography transformation is commonly used to achieve geometric correction of the images and obtain the true displacement of the bridge. The homography transformation is not always applicable as it is based on at least four static reference points on the plane of target points. The proposed differential filtering method does not request any reference points and will greatly accelerate the identification of the modal parameters. The displacement of the points of interest is tracked by the DIC technology, and the obtained time history curves are processed by differential filtering. The filtered signals are input into the modal analysis system, and the basic modal parameters of the bridge model are obtained by the operational modal analysis (OMA) method. In this paper, the power spectral density (PSD) is used to identify the natural frequencies; the mode shapes are determined by the ratio of the PSD transmissibility (PSDT). The identification results of three types of signals are compared: UAV measurement with differential filtering, UAV measurement with homography transformation, and accelerometer-based measurement. It is found that the natural frequencies recognized by these three methods are almost the same. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of UAV-differential filtering method in obtaining the bridge modal parameters; the problems and challenges in UAV measurement are also discussed.
Physical Tampering Detection Using Single COTS Wi-Fi Endpoint
Authors: Chan Poh Yuen , Lai Alexander I-Chi , Wu Pei-Yuan , Wu Ruey-Beei
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes a practical physical tampering detection mechanism using inexpensive commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) Wi-Fi endpoint devices with a deep neural network (DNN) on channel state information (CSI) in the Wi-Fi signals. Attributed to the DNN that identifies physical tampering events due to the multi-subcarrier characteristics in CSI, our methodology takes effect using only one COTS Wi-Fi endpoint with a single embedded antenna to detect changes in the relative orientation between the Wi-Fi infrastructure and the endpoint, in contrast to previous sophisticated, proprietary approaches. Preliminary results show that our detectors manage to achieve a 95.89% true positive rate (TPR) with no worse than a 4.12% false positive rate (FPR) in detecting physical tampering events.
Monocular Visual Position and Attitude Estimation Method of a Drogue Based on Coaxial Constraints
Authors: Zhao Kedong , Sun Yongrong , Zhang Yi , Li Hua
Published: August 2021

In aerial refueling, there exists deformation of the circular feature on the drogue’s stabilizing umbrella to a certain extent, which causes the problem of duality of position estimation by a single circular feature. In this paper, a monocular visual position and attitude estimation method of a drogue is proposed based on the coaxial constraints. Firstly, a procedure for scene recovery from one single circle is introduced. The coaxial constraints of the drogue are proposed and proved to be useful for the duality’s elimination by analyzing the matrix of the spatial structure. Furthermore, we came up with our method, which is composed of fitting the parameters of the spatial circles by restoring the 3D points on it, using the two-level coaxial constraints to eliminate the duality, and optimizing the normal vector of the plane where the inner circle is located. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the method proposed in this paper are verified, and the influence of the coaxial circle’s spatial structure on the method is explored through simulations of and experiments on a drogue model. Under the interference of a large amount of noise, the duality elimination success rate of our method can also be maintained at a level that is more than 10% higher than others. In addition, the accuracy of the normal vector obtained by the fusion algorithm is improved, and the mean angle error is reduced by more than 26.7%.
Building a Connected Communication Network for UAV Clusters Using DE-MADDPG
Authors: Zhu Zixiong , Xie Nianhao , Zong Kang , Chen Lei
Published: August 2021

Clusters of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are often used to perform complex tasks. In such clusters, the reliability of the communication network connecting the UAVs is an essential factor in their collective efficiency. Due to the complex wireless environment, however, communication malfunctions within the cluster are likely during the flight of UAVs. In such cases, it is important to control the cluster and rebuild the connected network. The asymmetry of the cluster topology also increases the complexity of the control mechanisms. The traditional control methods based on cluster consistency often rely on the motion information of the neighboring UAVs. The motion information, however, may become unavailable because of the interrupted communications. UAV control algorithms based on deep reinforcement learning have achieved outstanding results in many fields. Here, we propose a cluster control method based on the Decomposed Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DE-MADDPG) to rebuild a communication network for UAV clusters. The DE-MADDPG improves the framework of the traditional multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (MADDPG) algorithm by decomposing the reward function. We further introduce the reward reshaping function to facilitate the convergence of the algorithm in sparse reward environments. To address the instability of the state-space in the reinforcement learning framework, we also propose the notion of the virtual leader–follower model. Extensive simulations show that the success rate of the DE-MADDPG is higher than that of the MADDPG algorithm, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Adaptation and Virulence of Enterovirus-A71
Authors: Kobayashi Kyousuke , Koike Satoshi
Published: August 2021

Outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus-A71 (EV-A71) can result in many deaths, due to central nervous system complications. Outbreaks with many fatalities have occurred sporadically in the Asia-Pacific region and have become a serious public health concern. It is hypothesized that virulent mutations in the EV-A71 genome cause these occasional outbreaks. Analysis of EV-A71 neurovirulence determinants is important, but there are no virulence determinants that are widely accepted among researchers. This is because most studies have been done in artificially infected mouse models and because EV-A71 mutates very quickly to adapt to the artificial host environment. Although EV-A71 uses multiple receptors for infection, it is clear that adaptation-related mutations alter the binding specificity of the receptors and allow the virus to adopt the best entry route for each environment. Such mutations have confused interpretations of virulence in animal models. This article will discuss how environment-adapted mutations in EV-A71 occur, how they affect virulence, and how such mutations can be avoided. We also discuss future perspectives for EV-A71 virulence research.
Study of Pressure Drops and Heat Transfer of Nonequilibrial Two-Phase Flows
Authors: Belyaev Aleksandr V. , Dedov Alexey V. , Krapivin Ilya I. , Varava Aleksander N. , Jiang Peixue , Xu Ruina
Published: August 2021

Currently, there are no universal methods for calculating the heat transfer and pressure drop for a wide range of two-phase flow parameters in mini-channels due to changes in the void fraction and flow regime. Many experimental studies have been carried out, and narrow-range calculation methods have been developed. With increasing pressure, it becomes possible to expand the range of parameters for applying reliable calculation methods as a result of changes in the flow regime. This paper provides an overview of methods for calculating the pressure drops and heat transfer of two-phase flows in small-diameter channels and presents a comparison of calculation methods. For conditions of high reduced pressures pr = p/pcr ≈ 0.4 ÷ 0.6, the results of own experimental studies of pressure drops and flow boiling heat transfer of freons in the region of low and high mass flow rates (G = 200–2000 kg/m2 s) are presented. A description of the experimental stand is given, and a comparison of own experimental data with those obtained using the most reliable calculated relations is carried out.
Numerical Investigation of Surge Waves Generated by Submarine Debris Flows
Authors: Dai Zili , Xie Jinwei , Qin Shiwei , Chen Shuyang
Published: August 2021

Submarine debris flows and their generated waves are common disasters in Nature that may destroy offshore infrastructure and cause fatalities. As the propagation of submarine debris flows is complex, involving granular material sliding and wave generation, it is difficult to simulate the process using conventional numerical models. In this study, a numerical model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm is proposed to simulate the propagation of submarine debris flow and predict its generated waves. This model contains the Bingham fluid model for granular material, the Newtonian fluid model for the ambient water, and a multiphase granular flow algorithm. Moreover, a boundary treatment technique is applied to consider the repulsive force from the solid boundary. Underwater rigid block slide and underwater sand flow were simulated as numerical examples to verify the proposed SPH model. The computed wave profiles were compared with the observed results recorded in references. The good agreement between the numerical results and experimental data indicates the stability and accuracy of the proposed SPH model.
Can Managed Aquifer Recharge Overcome Multiple Droughts?
Authors: Zhao Mengqi , Boll Jan , Adam Jennifer C. , Beall King Allyson
Published: August 2021

Frequent droughts, seasonal precipitation, and growing agricultural water demand in the Yakima River Basin (YRB), located in Washington State, increase the challenges of optimizing water provision for agricultural producers. Increasing water storage through managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can potentially relief water stress from single and multi-year droughts. In this study, we developed an aggregated water resources management tool using a System Dynamics (SD) framework for the YRB and evaluated the MAR implementation strategy and the effectiveness of MAR in alleviating drought impacts on irrigation reliability. The SD model allocates available water resources to meet instream target flows, hydropower demands, and irrigation demand, based on system operation rules, irrigation scheduling, water rights, and MAR adoption. Our findings suggest that the adopted infiltration area for MAR is one of the main factors that determines the amount of water withdrawn and infiltrated to the groundwater system. The implementation time frame is also critical in accumulating MAR entitlements for single-year and multi-year droughts mitigation. In addition, adoption behaviors drive a positive feedback that MAR effectiveness on drought mitigation will encourage more MAR adoptions in the long run. MAR serves as a promising option for water storage management and a long-term strategy for MAR implementation can improve system resilience to unexpected droughts.
A New Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane Synthesized by Integrating of Powdered Activated Carbon for Treatment of Stabilized Leachate
Authors: Abuabdou Salahaldin M. A. , Jaffari Zeeshan Haider , Ng Choon-Aun , Ho Yeek-Chia , Bashir Mohammed J. K.
Published: August 2021

Stabilized landfill leachate contains a wide variety of highly concentrated non-biodegradable organics, which are extremely toxic to the environment. Though numerous techniques have been developed for leachate treatment, advanced membrane filtration is one of the most environmentally friendly methods to purify wastewater effectively. In the current study, a novel polymeric membrane was produced by integrating powdered activated carbon (PAC) on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to synthesize a thin membrane using the phase inversion method. The membrane design was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The fabricated membrane was effectively applied for the filtration of stabilized leachate using a cross-flow ring (CFR) test. The findings suggested that the filtration properties of fabricated membrane were effectively enhanced through the incorporation of PAC. The optimum removal efficiencies by the fabricated membrane (14.9 wt.% PVDF, 1.0 wt.% PAC) were 35.34, 48.71, and 22.00% for COD, colour and NH3-N, respectively. Water flux and transmembrane pressure were also enhanced by the incorporated PAC and recorded 61.0 L/m2·h and 0.67 bar, respectively, under the conditions of the optimum removal efficiency. Moreover, the performance of fabricated membranes in terms of pollutant removal, pure water permeation, and different morphological characteristics were systematically analyzed. Despite the limited achievement, which might be improved by the addition of a hydrophilic additive, the study offers an efficient way to fabricate PVDF-PAC membrane and to optimize its treatability through the RSM tool.
Occurrence of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Water Environment of Poland: A Review
Authors: Ślósarczyk Kinga , Jakóbczyk-Karpierz Sabina , Różkowski Jacek , Witkowski Andrzej J.
Published: August 2021

The issue of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the water environment has gained increasing interest worldwide. To determine the nature and extent of this problem for Poland, this paper presents a review of research on the presence of PPCPs in Poland, looking at results for different water samples, including wastewater (before and after treatment), landfill leachate, surface water (standing water bodies and rivers), seawater, groundwater and drinking water. The review is based on over 50 scientific articles and dissertations referring to studies of PPCPs. It also briefly outlines possible sources and the fate of PPCPs in the aquatic environment. The review of Polish research has revealed that studies have previously covered at least 39 PPCP groups (270 compounds in total). These studies focused mainly on wastewater and rivers, and only a few concerned landfill leachate and seawater. They most often reported on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. The highest concentrations of the analysed PPCPs were found mainly in raw wastewater (e.g., naproxen, up to 551,960 ng/L), but they were also occasionally found in surface water (e.g., azithromycin, erythromycin, irbesartan and metoprolol) and in groundwater (e.g., N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, known as DEET, up to 17,280 ng/L). Extremely high concentrations of bisphenol A (up to 2,202,000 ng/L) and diclofenac (up to 108,340 ng/L) were found in landfill leachate. Although numerous substances have been detected, PPCPs are still not monitored regularly, which makes it difficult to obtain a clear understanding of their incidence in the water environment.
Microplastic Pollution in the Surface Waters from Plain and Mountainous Lakes in Siberia, Russia
Authors: Malygina Natalia , Mitrofanova Elena , Kuryatnikova Natalia , Biryukov Roman , Zolotov Dmitry , Pershin Dmitry , Chernykh Dmitry
Published: August 2021

Microplastics (MPs) contaminations of freshwater and marine environments has become a global issue. Lakes in southern Siberia provide a wide range of ecosystem services and are essential elements in the annual and interannual runoff distribution of the Great Siberian Rivers. However, the extent of their MPs pollution remains unknown. In this paper, for the first time, we analyze the concentrations, composition, and spatial distribution of MPs in six lakes in southern Siberia. The studied lakes are located both in the Altai mountains and the West Siberian plain. Some of them are significantly impacted by human activities, while others are located in protected areas with no permanent population. Nevertheless, MPs were detected in all of the studied lakes. MPs concentrations ranged from 4 to 26 MPs L−1. Comparing with other inland lakes, South Siberian lakes presented moderate MPs concentrations. Among the registered MPs forms, fragments and films were dominant, with a size range between 31 and 60 nm. The MPs’ sources depend on local human activities (fishing, transport, landfilling). Therefore, sufficiently high concentrations were observed even in remote lakes. The present study set a baseline that emphasizes the need for increased attention to waste management and sustainable water use in Siberian freshwater environments.
Operative treatment of splint bone fractures in horses
Authors: SAĞLAM Mehmet , YARDIMCI Cenk
Published: August 2021

In this study; it is aimed to present the operative treatment and results, which are indicated for the continue of their racing life in splint bone fractures which are frequently occurred in race horses. The 2nd and 4th metacarpal (Mc-II and Mc-IV) and metatarsal bones (Mt-II and Mt-IV) of the horse are accessory structures that support the carpus and tarsus. Fractures of these bones in horses are called “splint bone fractures”. Splint bone fractures are relatively common in horses and usually seen in forelimbs. Fractures of the proximal part are rarer and represent 2.7-5% of all splint bone fractures, but challenging to manage. In the present study, 5 cases of splint bone fractures in different horses were evaluated. The distribution of the fractures were Mc-II in three, Mc-IV and Mt-IV in one each. Localization of the fractures were distal 1/3 in 4 and diaphyseal in 1 horse. For the management of these fractures, surgical removal of the fractured fragments were performed under general anaesthesia. Functional limb usage was achieved following the 30th day postoperatively in all cases.
Revisitando críticamente nociones de similitud en la teoría de juegos comportamentales
Authors: Senci Carlos Maximiliano
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en revisar críticamente diferentes concepciones de similitud en la teoría de juegos que se encuentran presupuestas en diversos conceptos de solución. Pasamos revista a cuatro concepciones: 1) similitud empírica, 2) la doctrina Harsanyi-Aumann, 3) Superracionalidad, y 4) pensamiento mágico. Evaluamos críticamente las diferentes nociones en función de la similitud que presuponen, la viabilidad para resolver problemas de coordinación y/o cooperación basados en ellas, y su fundamentación racional.
O PROFISSIONAL E SUA ATUAÇÃO SOBRE A OPTICA DA INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Ana Cristina Brandão Ribeiro
Published: August 2021

Analisar a atuação do secretário executivo sob a óptica da inovação a guisa da gestão do conhecimento se constitui no objetivo deste estudo. Buscou-se contextualizar historicamente a gestão do conhecimento com vistas à inovação e identificar as vantagens para o desenvolvimento dos profissionais. Dentre os autores mais citados e que servem de fundamentação para esta temática figuraram: Beal (2004), Nonaka e Takeuchi (1997), Probst; Raub, Romhardt (2002), Staub (2001), Quadros e Vilha (2007), Silva (2013), Silva e Miranda (2013). Realizou-se pesquisa qualitativa, a coleta foi por meio de revisão bibliográfica e a análise descritiva. Os resultados apontaram para indicação de mudanças nas estratégias da organização, caracterizando a inovação como impulsionador do diferencial do secretário no papel de cogestor. A conclusão principal foi à valorização das atribuições desse profissional ao gerar inovação propiciando vantagem estratégica.
Os Desafios do Combate à Dengue
Authors: Brandão Suélen Stefanoni , Alexandre Monica Micheli , Tobbin Isabella Arantes , Nunes Priscila Luzia Pereira , de Campos Wendreo Charles
Published: August 2021

O crescente número de ocorrências da dengue tem se constituído em objeto de preocupação para as autoridades públicas e sociedades em geral, em razão das dificuldades encontradas para o controle da epidemia produzida pelo vírus.
Processamento e análise de extratos de própolis verde como potencial sanitizante de uso hortifrutícola
Authors: de Campos Jessica Valéria , Assis Odílio Benedito Garrido , Bernardes Filho Rubens
Published: August 2021

Extratos de própolis verde foram obtidos em proporções variadas de água/etanol (em 100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70 e 0/100 % v/v). As concentrações de fenólicos e flavonoides totais foram determinadas por método colorimétrico (Folin-Ciocalteau) e os compostos identificados por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). Registrou-se pouca variação nos teores de fenólicos nos extratos com uma maior concentração retida na proporção 50/50 % v/v, indicando um equilíbrio no teor de fenólicos polares e apolares na própolis bruta. O teor de flavonóides mostrou-se fortemente dependente da proporção de etanol no extrato, ou seja, quanto maior o volume de etanol maior foi a concentração de flavonoides extraídos. Os ensaios antimicrobianos conduzidos sobre as bactérias S. aureus e E. coli como padrões Gram-positivo e Gram-negativo respectivamente, apontou uma variação de sensibilidade a própolis entre os microrganismos, com maior inibição observada para a S. aureus. O extrato totalmente alcoólico (0/100 % v/v) foi selecionado para testes sobre bactérias imobilizadas em superfície sólida, simulando pontos de amostragem e venda de hortifrutícolas, indicando eficiência da sanitização desse extrato via aspersão.
La importancia de los derechos humanos a través del legado de Nelson Mandela
Authors: Garcés Lopez Jonathan , Luy-Montejo Carlos
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar, en los diversos escritos de Mandela la situación de los derechos humanos y su confrontación con la realidad socio-política de nuestros países. Se puede, además identificar la carencia de un nuevo humanismo que opta por el bien común, la libertad, la igualdad, la democracia. La metodología empleada fue de estudio descriptivo y tiene como objetivo la descripción de las diversas fuentes bibliográficas referidas a los derechos humanos en la vida y obra de Mandela. Se concluye valorando el preciado legado de Mandela que dejó huella en la historia.
Caracterización de las habilidades investigativas en la producción de trabajos académicos
Authors: Rojas Gutiérrez William Jesús , Tasayco Jala Abel Alejandro
Published: August 2021

En el contexto integral del hombre, actualmente, se requiere evidenciar un conjunto de competencias generales y específicas, las mismas que permiten una preparación integral de los futuros profesionales para enfrentar las expectativas del dinámico mercado laboral. En este sentido, es necesario el desarrollo de competencias investigativas en los estudiantes universitarios a fin de producir científicamente. Por ello, la presente investigación pretendió caracterizar las habilidades investigativas que debe presentar los estudiantes de educación superior para lograr plasmar constructos científicos. La metodología utilizada fue la revisión sistemática de la literatura científica con el propósito de determinar el estado de la cuestión, siendo la discusión a través de fuentes primarias que se aproximen al tema de estudio, los mismos que contribuirán al análisis crítico y riguroso. Para lograrlo, se emplearon buscadores académicos de revistas científicas de alto impacto de los últimos cinco años. En síntesis, a través del nivel sistémico se determinaron las particularidades de las habilidades investigativas respecto de la producción científica exitosa de los estudiantes universitarios.
El procedimiento administrativo y su incidencia en la Archivística
Authors: Mendoza Aida Luz
Published: August 2021

En el presente trabajo, la autora trata de encontrar la vinculación del procedimiento administrativo que forma parte del Derecho Administrativo con la Archivística, la cual comprende a los archivos y sus documentos. Los documentos de los archivos se van formando con cada actividad de la administración pública, en una secuencia ordenada por la Ley de procedimientos administrativos, que son testimoniados en los documentos públicos, y a la vez son documentos de archivo. La autora realiza un estudio jurídico comparado de las leyes de procedimientos administrativos de Chile, Colombia, México y Perú con la finalidad de encontrar las regulaciones coincidentes legisladas y su incidencia en los diversos temas de la Archivística, concretamente con las actividades relativas a los documentos de archivo. Manifiesta que de ninguna manera pretende agotar el tema, de donde se desprende que otros también podrían ser estudiados de acuerdo con la misma metodología en tanto la Administración Pública se desarrolla íntegramente sobre la base de los documentos de archivo. En esa línea, afirma que el documento público es al procedimiento administrativo (Derecho Administrativo) como el documento de archivo es a la gestión documental (Archivística).
La polarizaci�n en las democracias contempor�neas. Esbozo de un modelo anal�tico de comunicaci�n pol�tica populista
Authors: Ruiz M�ndez Alberto
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este texto es delinear un modelo de an�lisis de comunicaci�n pol�tica populista a partir de los elementos de un proceso mixto de polarizaci�n pol�tica. Para desarrollarlo, primero se define qu� debemos entender por polarizaci�n pol�tica, enseguida se describe su relaci�n con los medios digitales de comunicaci�n y, finalmente, se expone el estilo de comunicaci�n pol�tica populista como factor que completa ese proceso mixto de polarizaci�n; lo anterior llevar� a concluir que la polarizaci�n es inversamente proporcional a la estabilidad democr�tica y que el modelo de an�lisis nos permitir�a identificar sus riesgos potenciales.
A STUDY ON KINETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CHANNEL-BLOCKING MUTANTS IN BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM UTILIZATION A
Authors: Shanker Singh Anand , Radhika G. , Kumar R. Praveen , Jana Debarshi
Published: August 2021

Proline utilization A (PutA) from Bradyrhizobium japonicum (BjPutA) is a bifunctional avoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of proline to glutamate using fused proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH) domains. Recent crystal structures and kinetic data suggest an intramolecular channel connects the two active sites, promoting substrate channeling of the intermediate P5C from the PRODH domain to the P5CDH domain. In this work several mutations were made along the channel in an effort to block passage of P5C to the second active site. Analysis of several site-specic mutants in the substrate channel of BjPutA revealed an important role for D779 in the channeling path. BjPutA mutants D779Y and D779W signicantly decreased the overall PRODH-P5CDH channeling reaction indicating that bulky mutations at residue D779 impede travel of P5C through the channel. Interestingly, D779Y and D779W also exhibited lower P5CDH activity, suggesting that exogenous P5C must enter the channel upstream of D779. Replacing D779 with a smaller residue (D779A) had no effect on the catalytic and channeling properties of BjPutA showing that the carboxylate group of D779 is not essential for channeling. An identical mutation at D778 (D778Y) did not impact BjPutA channeling activity. Thus, D779 is optimally orientated so that replacement with the larger side chains of Tyr/Trp blocks P5C movment through the channel. The kinetic data reveal not only that bulky mutations at residue D779 hinder passage of P5C to the second active site, but also P5C must use the channel to efciently access the P5CDH domain. Moreover, these mutants may be used to learn more about the hydrolysis event that is thought to take place within the channel
DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIO ACTIVE COUMARIN DERIVATIVES AS PROMISING CANDIDATES FOR ANTI TUBERCULAR THERAPY AND THEIR STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (SAR) STUDIES
Authors: Bhattacharya Nilesh , Bhattacharya Suman
Published: August 2021

Tuberculosis is one the most deadliest diseases. In recent years, showed drug Mycobacterium Tuberculosis resistance
property which is a global threat in recent years. In order to get remedy of this disease, various kinds of novel drugs have
been developed. Coumarin is a compound whose chemistry has been widely researched on. Hundreds of its derivatives have been reported from
researchers across the globe. Findings amply suggest that coumarin derivatives have novel bioactive utility. Some of them have shown potent antiTB activity as well. Particularly in a country like India which is still miles away from eradicating TB and the multi-Drug resistant variety, the
search for novel compounds continues to attract researchers. This review mainly represents various kinds of bio active Coumarin derivatives as
signicant anti-TB agents, and their structure activity relationship.
A STUDY ON STABILIZATION OF COMPOUND SMALL BONE FRACTURES OF HAND AND FOOT WITH JESS FIXATOR
Authors: Sudhakar M.V. , Deepak A. , Jijulal Jijulal , Chiranjeevi Chiranjeevi , Venkateswarlu B.S.S.S.
Published: August 2021

Background : The fractures of small bones of hand and foot should not be more complicated and damaging compared to
the damage caused by the injury itself. The goal is to achieve good stability of the bone and joint, which allows early
motion without resulting in the residual instability and malunion. These fractures of small bones of hand and foot can be treated with an external
xator that allows fracture reduction attaining normal alignment. we took up the study with an aim to access the overall function and
complications in treating open small bones of hand and foot with JESS xator.
Methods: We performed a prospective study on 20 adult patients (14 males and 6 females) with small bone fractures of hand and foot, who
attended outpatient or admitted in inpatient in the department of orthopaedics, government general hospital, Kakinada from October 2017 to
august 2019. We excluded closed fractures and severely crushed fractures with neurovascular and tendon injuries.
Results: 5 Results are recorded based on Duncan et al. criteria for ngers. For toes, the results are graded based on a total active range of
movements. Most of the cases (n=17) showed radiological union within 12 weeks. Two cases took more than 20 weeks to heal. Whatever be the
radiological union, the frame is removed mostly by 15 days postop (n=18) and by a maximum period of 21 days (n=6). the results are found to be
excellent in 40% of cases, good in 44% cases, fair in 8% and poor results are seen in 8% cases. We had extensor lag as the most common
complication (60%, n=15), 2 cases with malunion (8%) and one case (4%) with supercial infection.
Conclusion: Hand serves many functions of precise movement, grip, grasp, touch etc. though these are small bones their fracture are not to be
neglected and should be managed with utmost care. Jess is simple to operate, cheap, easily available, and has less complication rate. It makes the
postoperative management simple and effective. It allows early mobilization, which prevents joint stiffness. Removing the frame at end of
second postoperative week allows good functional results and doesn't compromise the stability of fracture.
GROUP B STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION AND RPL – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Saikia Neelotparna , Bhuyan Himadri , Jain Punam
Published: August 2021

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has become an important cause of pregnancy loss, with major emotional implications to
the couple experiencing such an event. Increasing age of women, smoking, obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
and a previous history of miscarriage and various infections are also considered risk factors for RPL. A thorough clinical history and examination,
maternal serum biochemistry and ultrasound ndings are important to determine the treatment options and provide valuable information for the
prognosis. A woman who do not have a explanation for the RPL maybe subjected to ano-genital swab culture to identify infections, as chronic and
subclinical infections can cause abortion. As bacterial vaginosis has been already established with causing recurrent pregnancy loss and preterm
delivery. Here we are presenting a case of successful pregnancy outcome following treatment for GBS vaginal infection where other possible
aetiologies were ruled out.
ESTIMATION OF PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA, VITAMIN B12, VITAMIN D & FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY IN FIRST YEAR MBBS STUDENTS OF A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE IN EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Biswas Soumika , Biswas Lekha
Published: August 2021

Medical students are more vulnerable to develop nutritional anemia ( i.e. haemoglobin, iron , vit B12, folate deciency) & vitamin D deciency due to irregular eating habits & hectic study schedule. Anemia among this age group has signicant health consequences ( e.g. poor cognition, decreased attention span , depressed immunity, repeated infections, increased fatigue etc) . So the present study was planned to ascertain the prevalence of anemia , iron , folic acid ,vit B12 & D deciency among young adult female & male st medical 1 year MBBS students of Medical College Kolkata,( batch 2019-2020) ,West Bengal,India and to suggest intervention strategies. 63 % & 37% female & male students respectively were found to be anaemic & low level of hemoglobin is signicantly associated with type of family as 22% of study subject's belonged to joint family and 78% subjects belong to nuclear family. (p=0.002) & there came out to be no signicant association between socio-economic status and anemia (p=0.213) . Among these subjects with anemia 12 had iron deciency . Serum folic acid levels were normal in the 100 study subjects . 30% students had low serum levels of vitamin B12 , and there was no gender preference (9 suffered from severe deciency, 21 students were in low normal range) . In this study, moderate Vitamin D deciency was found to be present in 42% subjects, mild insufciency in 57% subjects, and adequate serum Vitamin D levels in just 1%. Periodical and routine health check-up and haemoglobin estimation of the students at the time of entrance to Medical Colleges should be done. Iron and folic acid tablets and deworming drugs in therapeutic doses should be provided to the anaemic students. Students should be motivated and educated to take balanced diet, rich in green leafy vegetables and fruits.
RIGHT TO EDUCATION IS A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT: A ROADMAP
Authors: Chowdhary Neha
Published: August 2021

Importance of education realised by the whole world after it declared as a fundamental human right by UDHR in 1948
which is the rst international legal instrument to give such recognition and paved the way for many positive changes to
attain the goals set by various international organizations like UNESCO and ILO. With the strong efforts of various social reformers and various
initiatives of government India has tried to reform its education policies time to time. The 86th amendment Act 2002, which came into effect on 1st
April, 2010, has made changes in the Constitution of India by inserting Article 21A, amending Article 45 and by inserting Article 51A(k) and
nally the Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act of 2009. With the enactment of the Act of 2009 popularly known as RTE, a strong
initiative taken by the government successfully bring hope in hearts and minds of many Indian citizens. Today education is not limited to those
having stronger economic background but after the introduction of Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 it became the right of
every child. In this research article an effort has been made to cover the journey of “education in India” and to see how successfully it can make a
difference in many lives to realise them its importance
SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT ON INFORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYEES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT JAMSHEDPUR
Authors: Thakur Rani , Tiwary Angad
Published: August 2021

Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created an unprecedented loss and disruptions over all across the world. From
developed to developing, no country has been spared from its brunt. In this paper, we have analyzed the implications of
COVID-19 on the economy and society of India so far. The informal sector, despite being a huge contributor to India’s GDP, is often neglected
when it comes to supportive policies especially in times of crises. Currently, with the spread of the COVID-19 virus, there is signicant rallying by
governments, policymakers and health professionals for ‘social distancing’ and maintenance of proper hygiene. This implies minimising contact
with the outside world and taking precautionary personal hygiene measures such as frequent use of hand sanitisers, wearing masks when ill and
other such. The all sectors of the economy has been disproportionately affected and even within a sector, there is a disproportionate loss. The
societal impacts are dire too with job losses, mental illness, increased domestic violence, and so forth. Some positive effects can be seen in terms
of improved air quality, water quality, wildlife but the sustainability of such impact is conditional upon post-COVID and people's habits and
future policies related to the environment
COMPARING SOCIOEMOTIONAL COGNITION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN REMITTED BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER
Authors: K J Nimitha , V Rajmohan , Raghuram T M
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND-Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) is characterized by abnormalities in social cognition and emotional regulation are
detrimental to psychosocial functioning and quality of life.
OBJECTIVES- To understand the sociodemographic background, clinical characteristics in BPAD in remission and its relation with social
emotional cognition and its impact on quality of life and functioning of the patient.
METHODS-A cross sectional study with a sample size of 100 consenting patients based on convenience sampling who are diagnosed to have
BPAD in remission. Sociodemographic questionnaire and clinical details of the patient were noted. SECT (cog state battery) was applied to all
patients under calm and similar environment.
RESULTS-Results showed there is a signicant difference in SECTspeed, response and stimuli based on the nature of rst and last episode, SECT
score based on severity of episodes, SECT speed and stimuli based on education, SECT responses based on occupation. Middle socio-economic
group had the best psychological QoL followed by high socio-economic group and it was worst in low socio-economic group. Physical and
psychological domain has signicant difference based on residence. WHO QoL social quality of life had signicant difference between ECT
treatments in the past, with people receiving ECT having a higher score on the social QoLscore. There was no signicant correlation seen between
SEC sub scores and QoLdomain scores.
CONCLUSION-The study concluded the QoLwas signicantly associated with socio-economic status, semi urban residence and ECT. There was
no correlation between SEC and QoLscore in remitted bipolar.