bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Care Patient Interest in Multi-Cancer Early Detection for Cancer Screening
Authors: Myers Ronald , Hallman Mie , Shimada Ayako , DiCarlo Melissa , Davis Kaitlyn , Leach William T , Jackson, BSc Hattie , Indictor Amanda , Chambers Christopher
Published: September 2023

Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests are being developed, but little is known about patient receptivity to their use for cancer screening. The current study assessed patient interest in such testing. Our team conducted a prospective, observational study among primary care patients in a large, urban health system. They were asked to complete a telephone survey that briefly described a new blood test in development to identify multiple types of cancer, but was not currently recommended or covered by insurance. The survey included items to assess respondent background characteristics, perceptions about MCED testing, and interest in having such an MCED test. We also used multivariable analyses to identify factors associated with patient interest in test use. In 2023, we surveyed 159 (32%) of 500 identified patients. Among respondents, 125 (79%) reported a high level of interest in having an MCED test. Interest was not associated with personal background characteristics, but was positively associated with the following expectations: testing would be recommended for cancer screening, be convenient, and be effective in finding early-stage disease (OR=11.70, 95% CI: 4.02, 34.04, p < 0.001). Research is needed to assess patient interest and actual uptake when detailed information on testing is presented in routine care.
Sports Club Membership in Children. Gender Differences, Consequences through the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Implications for Future Promotion Strategies.
Authors: Jarnig Gerald , Kerbl Reinhold
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic globally had worrisome effects on health-promoting behaviors of children. Currently, the impact on primary school children's membership in sports clubs, especially considering gender differences, is poorly studied. The main objective of this study was to analyze the status of sports club memberships among children in Austria after the stringent COVID-19 restrictions in June 2021 and to identify gender differences. 755 Austrian school children (mean age 9.9 years, 49.9% girls) were interviewed about their sports club memberships. Our results show significantly lower self-reported sports club membership in June 2021 compared to pre-pandemic studies. 50% of boys reported being a member of a sports club, while the percentage for girls was only at 29.7% (p<0.001). Besides, a significant gender difference in the type of sports club membership was observed with most boys being members of ball sports clubs, while girls were more likely to be members of other sports clubs (p<0.001). Reduced rates of sports club membership after the COVID-19 pandemic underline the need of intervention programs. Health authorities, schools, sports clubs and families should form an alliance to promote an overall increase of physical activity and thus to support the long-term healthy development of children.
Improving Stability of Transformer-based Named Entity Recognition Models with Combined Data Representation
Authors: Marcińczuk Michał
Published: September 2023

This study leverages transformer-based models and focuses on data representation strategies in the named entity recognition task, including "single" (one sentence per vector), "merged" (multiple sentences per vector), and "context" (sentences joined with attention to context). Performance analysis reveals that models trained with a single strategy may not perform well on different data representations. A combined training procedure is proposed to address this limitation, using all three strategies to enhance the stability and adaptability of the model. The results of this approach are presented and discussed for various datasets for four languages (English, Polish, Czech, and German), demonstrating the effectiveness of the combined strategy.
Alkaline Leaching for Arsenic Removal in Gold-Bearing Ore from Miraflores Mine, El Oro, Ecuador
Authors: Epinoza-Ramón Washington , Reyes-Rodríguez Oscar , Peña Carpio Elizabeth , Jiménez-Oyola Samantha , Escobar-Segovia Kenny , Menendez-Aguado Juan M , Barzola Daniela Paz
Published: September 2023

In Ecuador, particularly in the El Oro province, gold mining has been historically hampered by arsenic contamination in the ores. This research addresses the persistent issue of arsenic in gold-bearing ores from Miraflores Mine in Cerro Azul, Atahualpa Canton, and the challenges it presents to mining operations. The study's purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of an alkaline leaching process for arsenic removal. The ore underwent thorough characterisation, employing advanced techniques like fire assay and atomic absorption. Once the ore's nature was discerned, an arsenic extraction experiment using a leaching solution was conducted. The implemented process achieved an arsenic removal efficiency of 90.54%. This enhanced ore quality facilitates efficient metallurgical applications and, more notably, reduces the environmental footprint by diminishing the need for harmful reagents like sodium cyanide. However, a significant implication of this method is the added cost due to the need for heat during the leaching test, amounting to an approximate $30 per ton increase. The alkaline leaching process emerges as a promising solution for arsenic challenges in El Oro’s mining sector. While the findings are encouraging, further expansive tests are recommended to validate the results and underscore the urgency for sustainable and hazard-conscious mining practices.
Material Selection and Assessment of Electric Two-wheeler Battery Enclosure: Structural Study
Authors: Chidambaram Ramesh Kumar , Pedapati Prithvi Raj , Kanna P. Rajesh , Taler Dawid , Sobota Tomasz , Taler Jan
Published: September 2023

Recently, Electric Two-Wheelers ETW are changing the face of the global automotive market. This study focused on selecting proper material and mechanical isolation gap to design a protective enclosure for the battery pack of ETW. The integration of the Failure, Modes, Mechanism and Effect Analysis (FMMEA) method is utilized to develop the interface matrix and the severity index of different components of the enclosure. By analyzing different forces from the road conditions, dynamics during turn, acceleration, and deceleration with the enclosure, it becomes a crucial load-bearing element. Employing Finite Element Modeling (FEM), structural strength using materials like AL6061, Q235, C22000, DC 01 and Teflon are assessed under varying static, dynamic and thermal conditions. Modal analysis is conducted to observe the excitation frequencies where the maximum deformation for the metal enclosure is observed beyond 500Hz. AL6061 material that can withstand the stresses and deformations that are under allowable stress limits with negligible deformation is most preferable material based on the results. Minimal of 2.5 mm gap to be provided in case of metal casing and 10mm in case of Teflon is proven.
Title: Growth of germanium thin film on sapphire by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Wangila Emmanuel , Lytvyn Peter , Stanchu Hryhorii , Gunder Calbi , De Oliveira Fernando Maia , Saha Samir K. , Das Subhashis , Eldose Nirosh M , Li Chen , Alavijeh Mohammad Zamani , Mazur Yuriy I , Yu Shui-Qing , Salamo Gregory J
Published: September 2023

Germanium films were grown on c-plane sapphire with a 10 nm AlAs buffer layer using molecular beam epitaxy. The effects of Ge film thickness on the surface morphology and crystal structure were investigated by ex-situ characterization techniques. The nucleation of Ge proceeds by forming (111) oriented three-dimensional islands with two rotational twin domains about the growth axis. The boundaries between the twin grains are the origin of 0.2% strain and tilt grains. The transition to a single-grain orientation reduces the strain and results in a better-quality Ge buffer. Understanding the role of thickness on material quality during the Ge(111)/Al2O3(0001) epitaxy is vital for achieving device quality when using group IV material on the sapphire platform.
Personality Changes Associated with Organ Transplants
Authors: Carter Brian , Khoshnaw Laveeen , Simmons Megan , Hines Lisa , Wolfe Brandon , Liester Mitchell
Published: September 2023

Personality changes have been reported to occur following organ transplantation, and most commonly among heart transplant recipients. We set out to examine whether personality changes do occur following transplantation, and specifically, what types of changes occur among heart transplant recipients compared to other organ recipients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022, in which 47 participants (23 heart recipients and 24 other organ recipients) completed an online survey. In this study, 89% of all transplant recipients reported experiencing personality changes after receiving their organ transplant, which was similar for heart and other organ recipients. With the exception of physical attributes, the types of personality changes reported were similar between the two groups. These finding indicate that heart transplant recipients are not unique in their reported experience of personality changes following organ transplantation. Further studies are needed to deepen our understanding of what causes these personality changes following organ transplantation.
Crosstalk between the Subiculum and Sleep-Wake Regulation: A Review
Authors: Rahimi Sadegh , Joyce Leesa , Fenzl Thomas , Drexel Meinrad
Published: September 2023

This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the neural systems involved in regulating wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS), and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in mammals. Specifically, we focus on the anatomical connections between the subiculum, a component of the hippocampal formation, and the regions responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle. The subiculum exhibits direct connections with key areas involved in sleep regulation, such as the lateral hypothalamus, tuberomammillary nucleus, basal forebrain, ventrolateral preoptic nucleus, ventrolateral tegmental area, and suprachiasmatic nucleus. Additionally, second-order projections from the subiculum are received by the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and locus coeruleus, suggesting potential involvement of the subiculum in the regulation of circadian rhythms, particularly the circadian sleep-wake cycle. We also discuss alterations in the subiculum observed in individuals with sleep disorders and sleep-deprived mice, underscoring the significance of investigating neuronal communication between the subiculum and pathways promoting both sleep and wakefulness.
Effects of Using Sitting position versus Lithotomy position during the second stage of labour on maternal and neonatal outcomes and the Childbirth experience of Chinese women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fu Li , Huang Jing , Li Dan xiao , Wang Huide , Xing Li li , Wei Tao , Hou Rui , Lu Hong
Published: September 2023

Existing research concerning the effects of the sitting birth position during the second stage of labour on maternal and neonatal outcomes remains controversial, and there is a lack of studies to explore its effect on the childbirth experience. The objective of this study is to explore whether the sitting birth position would influence maternal and neonatal outcomes, as well as the childbirth experience reported by Chinese women using the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). A total of 296 women (including primiparous women and multiparous women) were enrolled in our study, and they were divided into the sitting position cohort (n=106) or the lithotomy position cohort(n=116). The study found that primiparous women in the sitting position cohort had a shorter duration of the second stage of labour, higher spontaneous vaginal birth rates, lower episiotomy rates and better childbirth experience (p<0.01). There was no significant difference for perineal lacerations, 2h-postpartum haemorrhage (P>0.05) between the two cohorts of primiparous women. After adjusting for confounding factors through multiple linear and logistic regression analyses, the results remained consistent with those reported above. No neonate in each cohort had Apgar scores at 1min and 5 min postpartum less than 7 or the Cord artery pH less than 7.00, regardless of parity. In addition, among multiparous women, there was no significant difference in any maternal and neonatal outcomes and women’s CEQ scores (p>0.05) between two cohorts. Based on the findings, we recommend that women could take the sitting birth position into account when giving birth for a positive childbirth experience, especially for primiparous women. The study could also serve as a reference for healthcare providers in the management of childbirth positions and the development of high-quality maternal care.
Tescalcin knockdown inhibits osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Dong , Piao Longhuan , Wang Guangbin
Published: September 2023

Background: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the functions of self-renew and differentiating into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes, which are regarded as one of the greatest bioscientific achievements in the regenerative medicine field. Tescalcin (TESC), an EF-hand Ca2+ binding protein, plays a vital role in cell proliferation and differentiation. However, what the role of TESC in BMSCs still is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the functions.

Methods: Adenovirus was constructed to decrease the expression of TESC. BML-284 was used to active Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. qRT-PCR and western blot was used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein levels. ALP staining and activity were used to detect the change of ALP. ARS staining and quantitative analysis were used to determine the mineralization capacity. Immunofluorescence was used to show the expression of protein.

Results: Firstly, we found that the mRNA and protein levels of TESC was increased during the osteogenic differentiation. Next, we determined that TESC knockdown inhibited the expression of osteogenic-related genes and decreased the capacity of mineralization. Then, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling was inhibited after TESC Knockdown by detecting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related protein expression. Afterwards, BML-284 was demonstrated to active Wnt/β-catenin signaling successfully and utilized to rescue the negative osteogenic differentiation of TESC knockdown.

Conclusion: In summary, our study indicated that TESC knockdown inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. We supposed that TESC acted in the progress of osteogenic differentiation as a key regulator. We provided a new target for the application of BMSCs in regenerative medicine.
Dehydration of Diaspore and Goethite during low-Temperature Heating as Criterion to separate Unheated from Heated Rubies and Sapphires
Authors: Krzemnicki Michael S. , Lefèvre Pierre , Zhou Wei , Braun Judith , Spiekermann Georg
Published: September 2023

A Gem-quality rubies and sapphires are often commercially heat treated at about 800°C or higher temperatures to enhance their colour and clarity, and hence quality. For this study, selected corundum samples containing diaspore- and goethite inclusions were heated step-by-step to a maximum of 1000 °C with the aim to monitor the dehydration and phase transformation of these oxyhydroxides to corundum and hematite during heating. Based on our experiments and in agreement with literature, the dehydration of diaspore in corundum occurs between 525 to 550 °C, whereas goethite transforms to hematite already between 300 and 325 °C. As both, diaspore and goethite are common inclusions in rubies, sapphires, and other corundum varieties, these dehydration reactions and phase transformations can be considered important criteria to separate unheated stones from heated ones, specifically in cases in which other methods (e.g. microscopy, FTIR) are unsuccessful.
Effect of Variation of Location of the Blowing on the Aerodynamic Characteristics over the Delta Wing
Authors: Gupta Sugandh , Kumar Sanjeev , Kumar Rakesh
Published: September 2023

The flow field around a delta wing is substantially altered by the impact of the active flow control technique. The present study involves the sharp-edged delta wing of 65 deg sweep angle with different active flow control configurations. The blowing was employed as an active flow control method on the airfoil surface. The various configurations considered are the baseline delta wing, delta wing with blowing holes located at 1.62%, 3.24% and 4.86% of root chord from the leading edge to the centre of the blowing holes. The computation is performed using the commercial software ANSYS Fluent. Unsteady, incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation and the shear-stress transport k-ω turbulence model are employed. The angles of attack varied in the range of 0 deg. < α < 35 deg. and Reynolds number is 2.64 x10^6 and the jet momentum coefficient is fixed at 0.05. The blowing of air from the injection region enhances the strength of the leading-edge vortices resulting in the delay of the vortex breakdown. The performance of the delta wing is greatly improved while using the blowing method specifically for the blowing holes located at 3.24% of root chord from the leading edge as compared to without the blowing method.
Shaping the Future of Antimicrobial Therapy: Harnessing the Power of Antimicrobial Peptides in Biomedical Applications
Authors: TRIPATHI Amit K , Singh Jyotsana , Trivedi Rucha , Ranade Payal
Published: September 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promising class of bioactive molecules with the potential to combat infections associated with medical implants and biomaterials. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of antimicrobial peptides in medical implants and biomaterials, along with their diverse clinical applications. The incorporation of AMPs into various medical implants and biomaterials has shown immense potential in mitigating biofilm formation and preventing implant-related infections. We review the latest advancements in biomedical sciences and discuss the AMPs that were immobilized successfully to enhance their efficacy and stability within the implant environment. We also highlight successful examples of AMP coatings for the treatment of surgical site infections (SSIs), Contact lenses, Dental Applications, AMP-Incorporated Bone Grafts, Urinary tract infections (UTIs), Medical Implants, etc. Additionally, we discuss the potential challenges and prospects of AMPs in medical implants, such as effectiveness, instability and implant-related complications. We also discuss strategies that can be employed to overcome the limitations of AMP-coated biomaterials for prolonged longevity in clinical settings.
Influence of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth and Yield of Cotton (Gossypium sp.)
Authors: Stoyanova Antoniya , Dinev Toncho , Sirakov Ivaylo , Velichkova Katia
Published: September 2023

The limited availability of water resources worldwide presents obstacles, to the progress of ag-riculture. This situation calls for the implementation of water saving technologies to address these challenges effectively. The quest for technologies that conserve water in agriculture, par-ticularly within the context of cotton production, is related to the study of the impact of drought on the growth, leaf surface area, accumulation of dry matter, boll number, and productivity. The benefits of local drip irrigation have been established. Various models and strategies for opti-mizing and improving the efficiency of how we use water for irrigation purposes. In a market driven economy the effective utilization of water assetsis closely linked to the improvement of managing mineral nutrients. To enhance both the quantity and quality of production, nitrogen is the key factor element that plays a role in the process. The formation of highly efficient cotton crops by adapting the growing technology to the specific soil-climatic conditions of the area, in-cluding controlling nitrogen fertilizing and irrigation, is the primary method to achieve con-sistent harvests. The results of irrigation with water deficit and feeding plants with different fer-tilizer rates are presented. This matter is presently significant, in achieving dependable crop harvests supporting the economic growth of farms and safeguarding the well being of agricul-tural environments.
DNA damage response & senescence-associated secretory phenotype pathway: Emerging targets for anti-aging
Authors: Nadeem Jawad , Parveen Amna , Kim Sun Yeou
Published: September 2023

Cellular aging has drawn the attention of researchers, scientists, and biotech businesses for the treatment of a number of medical conditions. Cellular aging is primarily defined by consistent cessation of proliferative development in response to internal and external stressors, including DNA damage, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Disturbances involving these factors may contribute to age-related disease development. Therefore, the current review aims to explore anti-aging factors targeting DNA damage response and SASP regulation and their detailed signaling networks. In addition, it provides an opportunity for researchers to identify not only anti-aging targets, but also anti-aging therapeutic strategies based on identified and non-identified targets.
The 2′,4′-Dichloro-Chalcone Inhibits the In Vitro Growth and Pathogenicity of Fusarium tricinctum and Trichothecium roseum by Activating Cyanide-Resistant Respiration and Disrupting Respiration
Authors: Zhu Fu peng , Zhu Yan , Zhao Yuan shou , Chen Fu , Sheng Wen jun , Zhang Wei , Wang Peng qing , Deng Jiang wen , Sun Yun yu , Zhang Wei bing , Li Yong cai
Published: September 2023

Chalcones are a class of flavonoids possessing a variety of biological activities, including antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Therefore, chalcones and their derivatives have potential use in the control of postharvest diseases. In this work, the effects of 2ʹ,4ʹ-dichloro-chalcone on the in vitro growth and in vivo pathogenicity of F. tricinctum and T. roseum were investigated. The results showed that 100 µM of 2ʹ,4ʹ-dichloro-chalcone strongly inhibited mycelial growth and conidial production of F. tricinctum (32.3%) and T. roseum (65.2%) in vitro. This treatment also significantly inhibited the expansion of potato dry rot from F. tricinctum (48.6%) and apple rot spot from T. roseum (36.2%). The incubation of F. tricinctum and T. roseum conidia with this agent for 2 h increased their cell membrane permeability by 25% and 22.5%, respectively and conidial membrane permeability by 41.7 and 65.4%, respectively. This treatment also significantly inhibited the total respiration rate and activated the cyanide-resistant respiratory pathway in both pathogens. Protein immunoblotting showed that the treatment increased alternative oxidase (AOX) levels after 4 h in F. tricinctum and T. roseum by 52.76% and 39.13%, respectively. Conclusion: 100 µM 2ʹ,4ʹ-dichloro-chalcone significantly inhibited mycelial growth and spore production in F. tricinctum and T. roseum in vitro and reduced their pathogenicity in postharvest potato and apple crops. Further analysis indicated that 2ʹ,4ʹ-dichloro-chalcone disrupted the integrity of cell membranes and the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain which leaded to ROS burst and oxidative stress, AOXs were induced directly or indirectly, and the cyanide resistant respiratory pathway was activated. The in vitro growth and pathogenicity of F. tricinctum and T. roseum were inhibited.
Is Bell’s Experiment Really Telling Us Something?
Authors: Geurdes Han
Published: September 2023

Bell’s correlation formula is based on a classical Kolmogorov probability theory. It is tested in experiment with an estimate correlation. The latter is the raw product moment (rpm) correlation that is classical Kolmogorov based as well. We note that the famous Bell inequalities are derived from Bell’s correlation formula. The problem is that the hypothesis: “is it possible that in experiment Bell’s correlation is equal to quantum”, can only found to be false. This is not because the data generating process does not produce the required data. Or that the inequalities sufficiently show that the data cannot violate the inequalities. It is because the statistics of the Bell experiment is flawed. The rpm correlation in experiment cannot be equal to the quantum value in principle. This is because it requires the classical Kolmogorov rpm correlation to be not Kolmogorov.
Chemical Composition and Color of Short-Rotation Teak Wood Thermally Modified in Closed and Open Systems
Authors: Gomes Felipe da Silva , Reis Miquéias de Souza , Rupf Anna Clara Oliveira , Silvares Paulo Henrique dos Santos , Ferreira Jessica Sabrina da Silva , Dias Luciano da Costa , Fantuzzi Neto Humberto , Cademartori Pedro Henrique Gonzalez de , Sardo Madi João Paulo , Paes Juarez Benigno , Batista Djeison Cesar
Published: September 2023

Although the effect of thermal modification (TM) on teak wood color is well documented, a few studies were carried out in closed system processes, as well as it remains unclear the effect of different processes on the same material. This work aimed to verify the effect of closed and open system processes of TM on the color of fast-growing teak wood. Thermally modified wood was evaluated in a closed system at 160 °C (CS160) and in an open system at 185 °C and 210 °C (OS185 and OS210). We measured the moisture content (initial and final) of wood, and the corrected mass loss (CML). The chemical analyses encompassed the contents of alpha-cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives (total, in acetone and dichloromethane). Wood color was measured before and after TM according to the CIEL*a*b* color space. It was possible to achieve the same color using different processes of thermal modification (CS160 and OS210). TM reduced wood lightness (L*), red-green chromaticity coordinate (a*), and yellow-blue chromaticity coordinate (b*). L* and a* had the bigger and lower variations, respectively. The color of thermally modified wood was significantly changed, even at the mildest condition tested (OS185, 0.33% CML).
Mitochondrially Targeted Gene Therapy Rescues Visual Loss in a Mouse Model of Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Chou Tsung-Han , Hao Zixuan , Alba Diego , Lazo Angelina , Gallo Afflitto Gabriele , Eastwood Jeremy D , Porciatti Vittorio , Guy John , Yu Hong
Published: September 2023

Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a common mitochondrial genetic disease, causing irreversible blindness in young individuals. Current treatments are inadequate, and there is no definitive cure. This study evaluates the effectiveness of delivering wildtype human NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit 4 (hND4) gene using mito-targeted AAV(MTSAAV) to rescue LHOH mice. We observed declining pattern electroretinograms amplitudes as mice aged across all groups (P< 0.001), with significant differences among groups (P = 0.023, Control vs. LHON, P = 0.008; Control vs. Rescue, P = 0.228). Inner retinal thickness and intraocular pressure do not change significantly with age or groups. Compared to LHON mice, those rescued with wildtype hND4 exhibit improved retinal visual acuity (0.29± 0.1 cy/deg vs.0.15 ± 0.1 cy/deg) and increased functional hyperemia response (effect of flicker, P<0.001, effect of Group, P=0.004; Interaction Flicker x Group, P<0.001). Postmortem analysis shows a marked reduction in retinal ganglion cell density in the LHON group compared to the other groups (Effect of Group, P<0.001, Control vs. LHON, P<0.001, Control vs. Rescue, P=0.106). These results suggest that MTSAAV-delivered wildtype hND4 gene rescues, at least in part, visual impairment in an LHON mouse model and has the therapeutic potential to treat this disease.
Pendekatan Konstruktivisme dan Miskonsepsi: Keterkaitannya dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Mutiah  , Juwita Ratna , Syahdatunnisa Anis Amalia , Makmuri Makmuri , Aziz Tian Abdul
Published: September 2023

Kaitan antara miskonsepsi dan konstruktivisme belum terungkap secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keterkaitan antara konstruktivisme dan miskonsepsi siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika. Kajian literatur ini menganalisis 14 artikel terpilih. Artikel-artikel tersebut berasal dari jurnal nasional terindeks SINTA dan jurnal internasional dengan tahun terbit 2015 – 2023. Konten dalam artikel-artikel tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan metode, sampel, strategi/pendekatan, topik, dan keterkaitannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterkaitan antara konstruktivisme dan miskonsepsi dapat dideskripsikan ke dalam tiga hal, yaitu: konstruktivisme dapat mendeteksi miskonsepsi siswa, konstruktivisme dapat mengurangi miskonsepsi siswa, dan miskonsepsi siswa menghambat konstruksi pengetahuan. Selain itu, topik yang banyak dibahas adalah Geometri, Aljabar, dan Bilangan. Implikasi penelitian akan disajikan.
Osmanlı Belediyelerinde Bir Sağlık Hizmeti: Ebelik [Kabilelik]
Authors: YADİ Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Tarihin eski devirlerinden beri ebeler toplum sağlığı için önemli bir rol üstlenmiştir. Türk tarihinde de ayrıcalıklarını korumuşlardır. Ancak ebelik daha çok nesilden nesile geçen ilkel usullerle devam etmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin bazı zamanlarında bu konu üzerine çalışmalar yapılsa da 19. yüzyıla kadar herhangi bir eğitime tabi tutulmamışlardır. Bu yüzyılda devletin modernleşmeye başlaması ebelikle ilgili bazı değişimleri beraberinde getirdi. Ebelik kursları ve okulları açılarak diplomasız ebelerin önüne geçilmek istendi. Yine bu dönemde Osmanlı coğrafyasında teşkilatlanan belediyelerde ebeler istihdam edilmeye başlandı. Bundaki amaç doğumlarda yaşanan ölümleri azaltarak bu işi ehlinin yani eğitimli kişilerin yapmasını sağlamaktı. Fakat diplomalı ebelerin sayısının az olması aynı zamanda ekonomik şartlar nedeniyle maaşları karşılamaktaki imkansızlıklar istenilen seviyede bir başarı sağlanmasını engelledi. Balkan ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı gibi hadiselerin yaşanması da bu durumda önemli etkendi. Yaşanan olumsuzluklara rağmen bu çalışmaların ebelik konusundaki atılacak adımlar için bir tecrübe sağladığı aşikardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Osmanlı Devleti’nde ebelik eğitimi, ebelerin belediyelerde istihdamı ve yaşanan sorunları ortaya koymaktır.
The Cold War Computer Arms Race
Authors: Leese Bryan
Published: September 2023

The Cold War computer arms race illustrates the military’s role in strategic competition. The Soviets bought and stole, versus creating computer technology themselves. A U.S.-led coalition integrated economic, diplomatic, and information mechanisms, embargoing computer technology to disadvantage the Soviets. President Ronald W. Reagan’s offset strategy integrated military power, openly demonstrating computer-infused weapons lethality that jeopardized Soviet quantitative military advantage. President Reagan’s use of the computer arms race shows a way to conduct and integrate a strategic competition campaign of deterrence that includes coercive diplomacy with diplomatic efforts that can deter China and Russia while encouraging them to reverse harmful foreign and domestic policies.
Tackling Russian Gray Zone Approaches in the Post-Cold War Era
Authors: Burkholder Ryan
Published: September 2023

To undermine U.S. military strength, state actors are increasingly operating in the ambiguous environment between peace and war known as the “gray zone.” These actions test U.S. response by exploiting the West’s rigid notion of conflict. Soviet actions toward the United States and other nations during the Cold War shared many similarities with contemporary Russian strategy. There is no current uniform definition of the gray zone, and the United States has not developed doctrine to address this challenge. Russia has adapted Soviet Cold War techniques for the digital and globalized age and effectively integrates instruments of power against the United States by targeting seams within culture, maintaining ambiguity, and controlling narratives. Countering these tactics requires that the United States modify its mindset toward conflict and improve integration of its own instruments of power.
La odontología del futuro: un enfoque integrado en salud familiar y comunitaria
Authors: Cueto U. Alfredo
Published: September 2023

En un mundo en constante evolución, la odontología se enfrenta a nuevos retos y oportunidades que nos llevan a repensar nuestro enfoque tradicional. Históricamente, las universidades han desempeñado un papel crucial en la formación de profesionales de la salud bucodental, enfocándose en la docencia, investigación y vinculación con el entorno. Sin embargo, con la llegada de la odontología digital y la inteligencia artificial, vislumbramos un panorama donde ciertas actividades odontológicas podrían automatizarse, transformando la forma en que abordamos la salud oral.
Resistencia flexural de las resinas fluida convencional, fluida bulk fill y fluida de alta carga: estudio in vitro
Authors: Sulca Gonzales Edith Liliana , López-Flores Ana Isabel
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Evaluar y comparar la resistencia flexural de las resinas fluida convencional, fluida bulk fill y fluida de alta carga. Materiales y métodos: Se confeccionaron treinta especímenes de 2 mm x 2 mm x 25 mm de las resinas fluidas Tetric N-Flow (TNF), Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable Restorative (FBF) y Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (BFP), las cuales se distribuyeron en tres grupos, de acuerdo con la marca (n = 10), y se almacenaron en agua destilada durante 24 horas a 37 °C. Se realizó la prueba de flexión de 3 puntos, de acuerdo con la norma ISO 4049, en una máquina de ensayo universal a una velocidad de 0,5 mm/min hasta la fractura. Los resultados se evaluaron con las pruebas de Anova y Tukey. P < 0,05. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos con un valor de p = 0,011. Los grupos que mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas fueron los grupos BFP y TNF (p = 0,015) y los grupos BFP y FBF (p = 0,035), mientras que entre los grupos TNF y FBF no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: La resina fluida de alta carga presenta mejor resistencia flexural comparada con las resinas fluida convencional y fluida bulk fill, mientas que las resinas fluidas convencional y bulk fill no muestran diferencia estadísticamente significativa.
Changes in the position and inclination of the upper incisor and upper lip postorthodontic treatment: case reports
Authors: Chacón Moreno Alicia , Huasco Huarcaya Nelly
Published: September 2023

Objective: To determine the changes in the position and inclination of the upper incisor and upper lip after orthodontic treatment in a series of 3 clinical cases. Materials and Methods: The three reported clinical cases correspond to adult patients who were treated with fixed orthodontics and premolar extractions. Measurements of upper incisor position (UIP), upper incisor inclination (UII), upper lip position (ULP), and upper lip inclination (ULI) were performed on pre-treatment and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs for assessment of changes. Results: In the first case a variation of -1 mm was found for both the UIP and the ULP, as well as a variation of the UII and the ULI, although in different magnitude. Case 2 presented a 2 mm variation in the UII with minimal changes in the upper lip (Δ ULP = 0 mm and Δ ULI =-0.5 mm) and in case 3 a 2 mm variation was obtained for both IIS and ILS. Conclusions: The results obtained in this case reports show us a wide variability, so it is impossible to accurately predict changes in soft tissues as a response to tooth movement. Clinical significance: Predicting tooth movement changes in soft tissues is critical during the initial planning phase of orthodontic treatment.
Analysing problem-solving in the ICRC’s Water and Habitat Department: A humancentric approach
Authors: Kazouini Ahmad
Published: September 2023

The Water and Habitat department (WatHab) of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is an engineering department dealing with technical problems in humanitarian contexts. This paper outlines research that used humancentric design (HCD) as a framework to analyse the problem-solving process in the WatHab department. The project took a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis, with 16 interviews conducted with WatHab engineers in five countries. Viewed through a HCD lens, the research found that there are a lack of clear systems within WatHab to include beneficiaries in the problem-solving processes, issues with departmental planning processes, which focus on yearly plans, rather than the longer-term planning needed to respond to the root causes of issues, and a tendency for WatHab staff to think more with their technician hats rather than their humanitarian hats. The research advocates for the importance of creating new and more inclusive solutions, while keeping in mind the realities on the ground and the impossibility of satisfying everyone.
A New Adaptive Implicit Method for Multicomponent Surfactant-Polymer Flooding Reservoir Simulation
Authors: Batista Fernandes Bruno Ramon , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Marcondes Francisco , Delshad Mojdeh
Published: September 2023

In the oil industry, chemicals can improve oil production by mobilizing trapped and bypassed oil. Such processes are known as chemical-enhanced oil recovery (CEOR). Surfactants and polymers are important chemicals used in CEOR with different mechanisms to improve oil recoveries, such as reduction in residual saturation, oil solubilization, and mobility control. However, both surfactant and polymer may increase the cost of oil production, making optimizing these processes essential. Reservoir simulators are tools commonly used when performing such field optimization. The simulation of surfactant flooding processes has been historically performed with the implicit pressure explicit composition (IMPEC) approach. The injection of surfactants requires modeling the brine/oil/microemulsion phase behavior along with other processes, such as capillary desaturation and retention. The microemulsion phase behavior and the complex relative permeability behavior can lead to convergence issues when using fully implicit (FI) schemes. Only recently, the FI approach has been efficiently applied to simulate this process using new modeling. The adaptive implicit method (AIM) can combine the benefits of the FI and IMPEC approaches by dynamically selecting the implicitness level of gridblocks in the domain. This work presents a new AIM in conjunction with recently developed models to mitigate discontinuities in the microemulsion relative permeabilities and phase behavior. The approach presented here considers the stability analysis method as a switching criterion between IMPEC and FI. To the best of our knowledge, the approach presented here is the first AIM to consider the brine/oil/microemulsion three-phase flow in its conception. The new approach uses the finite volume method in conjunction with Cartesian grids as spatial discretization and is applied here for field-scale problems. The new approach is tested for polymer flooding and surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding for problems with several active cells ranging from about a hundred thousand to almost a million. The AIM approach was compared with the FI and IMPEC approaches and displayed little variation in the computational performance despite changes in the timestep size. The AIM also obtained the fastest performance for all cases, especially for SP flooding cases. Furthermore, the results here suggest that the gap in performance between the AIM and FI seems to increase as the number of gridblocks increases.
Development and Evaluation of a Predictive Diagnostic System for Dengue Fever using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Khan Jibran Rasheed , Raza Syed Kawish
Published: September 2023

As the world continues to evolve scientifically and climatically, the medical and healthcare sectors face new challenges in the form of newly identified diseases, insects, chemicals, and environmental effects. These new challenges are often more complex and dangerous than existing conditions, and require prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent loss of life. This paper presents a study on the development of a presumptive diagnosis system (PDS) for early dengue fever detection. The proposed system aims to assist medical professionals in determining the disease at an early stage and help unprofessional or new staff to learn and experiment better. The PDS utilizes machine learning algorithms such as Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Naive Bayes (NB), along with their combination, to classify dengue fever and its types. The dataset used in this study consisted of 400 records of 15 attributes, and the data was preprocessed to reduce noise, incompleteness and inconsistencies. The classification results showed that the PDS achieved an average accuracy of 95.6%, with the highest individual accuracy achieved by RF, DT and NB being 98%, 97% and 87% respectively. Our results demonstrate that PDS can facilitate the diagnostic process in resource-limited settings by providing an alternative to hardware-intensive solutions. Furthermore, the system can aid healthcare professionals in making early and accurate diagnoses, and can also serve as a learning tool for new staff.
Prognostic value of oxygen inhalation therapy for simple nocturnal hypoxemia in COPD: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Ling , Chang Ya-Fei , Wang Yun-Fei , Li Xiang-Rong , Ran Xian-Zhong , Xie Quan-Xin
Published: September 2023

Objective
The effect of oxygen therapy on the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with nocturnal hypoxemia (NOD) has been controversial. Therefore, this study systematically evaluated the relevant literature and included it into randomized controlled studies for meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and prognosis.
Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, web of science, Cochrane, China HowNet and Wanfang database for the literature on the prognosis of COPD patients with simple nod from the establishment of the database to June 30, 2022. The outcome indicators were death and aggravation of the disease. The efficacy evaluation measures were pulmonary function and arterial blood gas results. The publication bias and heterogeneity of the included studies were evaluated.
Results
A total of 621 patients from 5 studies were included in this meta-analysis, and there was no publication bias in the included studies. The total mortality of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in COPD patients with simple nod in oxygen therapy group (RR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.82–1.34, P = 0.73), mortality (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.62–1.16, P = 0.31), risk of progression to LTOT events (RR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.76–1.51, P = 0.68). PaO2 in patients with COPD and simple nod in oxygen therapy group was higher than that in non-oxygen therapy group (mean difference (MD) = 13.47; 95% CI: 3.49–23.46, P = 0.0008), the decrease of PaCO2 level was not statistically significant (MD = -10.05; 95% CI: -26.36-6.27, P = 0.23).
Conclusion
Oxygen therapy can improve the prognosis of blood oxygen partial pressure in COPD patients with simple nod, but oxygen therapy has no significant effect on the survival rate, controlling the progression of the disease to LTOT and reducing the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
Gene expression profiles of endothelium, microglia and oligodendrocytes in hippocampus of post-stroke depression rat at single cell resolution
Authors: Li Cai , Li Wentao , Wei Wenbin , Gao Han , Zhao Yanqing , Zhang Lingling , Ling Li , Shen Yifen , Shen Yihang , Shen Hao
Published: September 2023

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common but severe mental complication after stroke. However, the cellular and molecular understanding of PSD is still yet to be illustrated. In current study, we prepared PSD rat model (MD) via unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and chronic stress stimulation (DEPR), and isolated hippocampal tissues for single cell sequencing of 10x Genomics Chromium. First, we determined the presence of the increased cell population of endothelium and microglia and the compromised oligodendrocytes in MD compared to NC, MCAO and DEPR. The enriched functions of highly variable genes (HVGs) of endothelium and microglia suggested a reinforced blood-brain barrier in MD. Next, cell clusters of endothelium, microglia and oligodendrocytes were individually analyzed, and the subtypes with distinct functions were identified. The genotype of PSD displayed more similarity with DEPR compared to MCAO and NC. For endothelium, the absence of cell differentiation, but robust proliferation and fibrosis instead were observed in MD. For microglia, multiple subpopulations showed the superimposition of neurotoxic and neuroprotective functions, and DEPR could enlarge the effect of microglia in MCAO. For oligodendrocytes, the one for demyelination were elevated in DEPR and MD, while the one for remyelination were robust in MCAO, and the oligodendrocytes undergoing demyelination were processed via apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis manner. Finally, we also observed that the intercellular crosstalk among these three cells were largely elevated in MACO but compromised in DEPR, whereas was intermediate between them in MD, and depression and stroke could both activate the inflammation reaction but through different signals. Taken together, this study characterized the single cell expression profile of hippocampal PSD, and unmask the differential expressed genes of endothelium, microglia and oligodendrocytes, emphasizing the crosstalk among them to provide theoretical basis for the in-depth mechanism research and drug therapy of PSD.
Mating practices, breeding objectives and trait preferences of village chicken farmers in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Rasekgoalo Tinah Christinah , Raphulu Thomas , Sebei Phokgedi Julius , Hlongwane Nompilo Lucia , Matelele Tlou Cornelia , Chokoe Tlou Caswell , Muchadeyi Farai , Dzomba Edgar , Hadebe Khanyisile
Published: September 2023

Sustainable production improvement strategies suited for the resource-limited farmers are sought to replace the misaligned crossbreeding strategies that threaten adaptable genetic resources. This study will contribute towards bridging the knowledge gap that exists on the potential of the village chicken production system and the breeding practices applied by rural farmers in managing their flocks. A survey study on the 55 indigenous chicken farmers was conducted in Sekhukhune (n = 33) and Capricorn (n = 22) Districts of Limpopo Province with the objective to characterise the production environments in order to better understand the traditional mating and selection practices and to identify farmer breeding objectives and trait preferences. Farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to acquire general household information, breeding and flock management, purpose of keeping chickens and traits of interest to the farmers. Fifty percent of the respondents were household heads, aged ≥ 61 (49.06%). Majority (96.36%) of the farmers owned at least one cock of local breed (88.89%), that are hatched and grown in the house (88.46%). All farmers practised uncontrolled breeding. Farmers keep chickens for meat consumption (40.35%), egg consumption (19.30%), passion (19.30%), and income (16.67%). Plumage colour (25.97%), mothering ability (28.57%), and body size (23.38%) were the traits considered in selecting hens for breeding purpose while body size (50.00%) and plumage colour (41.38%) were used in the selection of cocks. The study highlights the village chicken production potential and can aid in providing recommendations for improvement strategies that are suited for the management and breeding preferences of the farmers.