bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA, KERAGAMAN PANGAN, ASUPAN MAKAN, DAN PENYAKIT INFEKSI SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO GIZI KURANG PADA BALITA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sari Hesti Permata , Sulistyaning Afina Rachma , Farida Farida
Published: October 2024

WHO has declared the COVID-19 pandemic a worldwide emergency, and has implications for Indonesia’s economy. This situation affects household food security, energy and protein intake, food diversity, and infectious diseases in children under five, and leads to a decrease in their nutritional status. This study aims to examine the risk factors that cause malnutrition in children under five during the COVID-19 pandemic in Karanglewas Village, Jatilawang, Banyumas. This study uses a case-control design. Total sampling was used to identify the sample of 66 children aged 1 to 5 years in Karanglewas Village, Jatilawang, Banyumas as a locus stunting. Case and control groups were matched 1:1 by age and address. Data were collected using an HFSSM, DDS, and a 24-hour Recall questionnaire. Data analysis using Chi-square Test (X2). The results show that household food security (p=0.047; OR=2.833; 95%CI 1.015-7.906) and energy intake (p=0.025; OR=3.320; 95%CI 1.163-9.477) were associated with the nutritional status of children under-five. While protein intake (p=0.196), food diversity (p=0.255), and infectious disease history (p=1.000) were not associated with the nutritional status of children under-five. Household food security and energy intake are risk factors associated with undernutrition among children under-five during the COVID-19 pandemic.ABSTRAKPandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) telah ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai kedaruratan global berdampak pada perekonomian Indonesia. Keadaan ini berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan pangan rumah tangga (household food security), kecukupan asupan energi dan protein, keragaman pangan serta penyakit infeksi pada balita serta akan mengakibatkan penurunan status gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti faktor risiko penyebab kejadian gizi kurang pada balita masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control. Sampel berjumlah 66 balita berusia 1-5 tahun di Desa Karanglewas, Jatilawang, Banyumas yang merupakan desa lokus stunting, ditentukan menggunakan total sampling. Perbandingan kelompok kasus dan kontrol 1:1 dengan matching usia dan tempat tinggal. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner HFSSM, DDS dan formulir Recall 24 jam. Analisis data menggunakan Kai Kuadrat (X2). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketahanan pangan rumah tangga (p=0,047; OR=2,833; 95%CI 1,015-7,906) dan kecukupan asupan energi (p=0,025; OR=3,320; 95%CI 1,163-9,477) berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi balita, sedangkan kecukupan asupan protein (p=0,196), keragaman pangan (p=0,255) dan riwayat penyakit infeksi (p=1,000) tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi balita. Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dan kecukupan asupan energi merupakan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian gizi kurang pada balita di masa pandemi COVID-19.Kata kunci: balita, gizi kurang, COVID-19, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, kecukupan asupan energi
Estresse oxidativo em Oenocarpus bacaba e Oenocarpus mapora submetidas à deficiência hídrica
Authors: Baptista Karollyne Renata Silva De Paula , Moraes Milena Pantoja De , Marcelina da Silva Tamirys , Jesus Kamilla Melo De , Nogueira Glauco André Dos Santos , Bronze Antonia Benedita Da Silva , Oliveira Neto Cândido Ferreira De
Published: October 2024

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do estresse oxidativo gerados pela deficiência hídrica e reidratação das espécies Oenocarpus bacaba Mart. e Oenocarpus mapora H. Karsten. Para isso, foram utilizadas mudas de seis meses de idade, provenientes do Banco de Germoplasma da Aimex transplantadas para vasos de 6,0 kg de substrato. Após isso, as plantas passaram por aclimatação durante 85 dias, iniciando-se o tratamento de estresse hídrico. As coletas para análise bioquímica foram realizadas com 0, 15, 30, e 35 dias. Foi utilizado delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (DIC) em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 4, sendo duas culturas (Bacaba e Bacabi), dois tratamentos (estresse e controle), quatro tempos e cinco repetições. O estresse hídrico reduziu os níveis de CRA e carotenóides e aumentou os níveis de vazamento de eletrólitos. De modo geral, a atividade das enzimas dismutase do superóxido (SOD), peroxidase do ascorbato (APX) e catalase (CAT) aumentou nas plantas durante o estresse e diminuiu após os 5 dias de reidratação. A Oenocarpus mapora foi mais sensível ao estresse, por ser pouco domesticada, diferente da Oenocarpus bacaba que é mais cultivada. Ambas se recuperaram após o período de reidratação.
Perfil epidemiológico da população masculina que vive com HIV/AIDS
Authors: Flores Cezar Augusto da Silva , Nepomuceno Matheus Donato , Silva Amanda Gabrielly da , Sartori Andréa Kopper , Maier Suellen Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

A Aids é uma doença causada pelo HIV, que ataca o sistema imunológico. O termo "grupo de risco" foi substituído por "comportamentos de risco", como sexo desprotegido e compartilhamento de agulhas. No Brasil, a maioria dos casos de HIV ainda ocorre entre homens. Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico da população masculina que vive com HIV/Aids, correlacionar as variáveis raça-etnia com a escolaridade e a forma de transmissão da doença com a orientação sexual. Metodologia: estudo epidemiológico descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, através de análise dos prontuários. Os dados foram analisados através de método estatístico descritivo, utilizando média para as variáveis numéricas e frequência absoluta, relativa e percentual para as variáveis nominais. Resultados: foram analisados 270 prontuários, onde constatou-se que a população apresenta as seguintes características: idade entre 21 e 30 anos, solteiros, homossexuais, de raça/cor parda, ensino médio completo e a principal forma de transmissão do HIV por via sexual. Conclusão: houve um aumento no número de casos notificados no ano de 2021, período pós-pandemia, sendo que tais resultados auxiliam no delineamento do perfil epidemiológico da doença, contribuindo nas decisões e estratégias para o diagnóstico situacional da região estudada. Constatou-se também que na população masculina o HIV/Aids ainda é uma infecção que afeta majoritariamente homossexuais.
Model for estimating red mulberry leaf area using a genetic algorithm
Authors: Albuquerque Alejandra Semiramis , Souza Leandro Mendes de , Guedes Kassilio José , Silva Oliveira Gabriella Roberta
Published: October 2024

The success of sericulture depends directly on the quality and quantity of mulberry leaves, as it is essential for the feeding and development of silkworm caterpillars and, consequently, influences the quality of the silk thread manufactured. The estimation of mulberry leaf area is important to have plant development and growth indicators, such as transpiration intensity, net assimilation rate, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area and leaf area index, which allow predicting crop productivity. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and test a model capable of estimating the red mulberry leaf area using a genetic algorithm. The model was adjusted with the proposed stochastic optimization method. The mean error found for the tested dataset was approximately 228.17 mm2 in sample space with mean leaf area of 6515.55 mm2. The information generated allows applying the model to estimate red mulberry leaf area in future studies.
The Vochysiaceae family in a Cerrado fragment in the Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Silveira Graciele Lurdes , Nogueira Lucas Alencar da Silva , Campos Érica Pereira de , Shimizu Gustavo Hiroaki , Vieira Larissa Fonseca Andrade
Published: October 2024

The family Vochysiaceae A.St.-Hil. (Order: Myrtales) has been reported to occur in South and Central America and the equatorial region of West Africa. Six genera and approximately 160 species belonging to this family occur in Brazil. The objective of the present study was to morphologically describe the species of Vochysiaceae that occur in the Cerrado fragment of the Federal University of Rondonópolis (UFR), to present identification keys and boards with images and illustrations, in addition to include taxonomic comments and on the distribution of species. For this, monthly surveys and collections were carried out in the area, which resulted in the description of five species: Qualea grandiflora Mart., Qualea multiflora Mart., Qualea parviflora Mart., Vochysia cinnamomea Pohl and Vochysia divergens Pohl. The present study contributed to expand knowledge about the Vochysiaceae family and the flora of the region, in addition to being able to serve as a subsidy for discussions on the preservation of the Cerrado.
Understanding the challenges of learning disabilities and psychosocial disorders
Authors: Galitskaya Viktoriya , Drigas Athanasios , Antoniou Αlexandros-Stamatios
Published: October 2024

Students with learning disabilities often experience a complex range of internal and external challenges that can significantly impact their overall well-being and development. Internally, these students may grapple with intense feelings of anxiety, depression, and physical complaints, which can lead to social withdrawal and diminished self-esteem. They may also face higher rates of bullying and social rejection, further exacerbating their psychosocial difficulties and negatively affecting their sense of belonging and acceptance. These learners are more likely to exhibit attention problems, poor concentration, and a wide range of emotional difficulties, which can further hinder their ability to engage effectively in academic and social settings. Behaviorally, students with learning disabilities may exhibit issues like attention deficits and socialisation challenges, stemming from underlying processing difficulties and challenges in understanding social cues and norms. They may also experience feelings of anger, frustration, and even aggressive behaviours, often as a result of their negative experiences and struggles with academic demands. Emerging research suggests that executive function deficits can contribute to these students' complex relationship between temperament and psychological difficulties. Problems with executive functions, such as attention, planning, memory, and flexibility, can significantly impact their cognitive and social-emotional development. Early interventions, such as video games, mobile apps, or STEM-oriented approaches, are crucial for addressing these multifaceted challenges and supporting the holistic growth and well-being of students with learning disabilities
Clustering of tropical species through multivariate analysis of the bonding properties of edge-glued panels (EGP)
Authors: Keffer Josiane Fernandes , Trianoski Rosilani , Behling Alexandre , Koehler Henrique Soares , Iwakiri Setsuo , Zamarian Esoline Helena Cavalli
Published: October 2024

Tropical woods have high added value, and the use of waste for panel production is an initiative to add more value to this material, typically consisting of various species. The use of raw materials from tropical solid wood waste in the Amazon region contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions associated with the burning of this material. In this context, this study aimed to cluster species based on the bonding properties of Amazonian woods by applying multivariate analysis. The apparent density 12% and strength of finger joint and edge-glued joints of Cedrela odorata, Enterolobium schomburgkii, Erisma uncinatum and Qualea paraensis was evaluated which were joined in homogeneous and hybrid configurations with the adhesives PVA and EPI, as spreading rate of 180 g/m2. The treatments were compared by multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant analysis. The discrimination of species and combinations based on wood density (low, medium, and high) revealed that this is the most important characteristic for grouping different species that make up tropical hardwood waste for the production of EGP panels. In practice, the separation of species into groups according to wood densities can contribute to a better definition of the indications for use of edge glued panels of each density class, and assertive targeting for applications according to the strength ranges required. In the static bending, parallel tensile and shear tests all species and their combinations met the minimum requirements normative, indicating the approval of species and combinations studied for the production of EGP panels.
VIJAY TENDULKAR AND MAHESH DATTANI'S SELECT PLAYS: VOICING THE MARGINALIZED
Authors: Preeti Sharma  , Dr. J.P. Singh
Published: October 2024

The paper is an attempt to discuss how Mahesh Dattani and Vijay Tendulkar have highlighted the miseries of women folk in society. The cruelty inflicted on women exposes the intricate working of a patriarchal system that is instrumental in marginalizing them by giving them neither the rights nor access to resources. Dattani and Tendulkar, have written at different times and their canvass has been different but both have raised this issue through their plays. Both reflect on role change and rise of the feminine gender struggling with the dominant discourses of the system to gain the respect and a space of their own. Issues and problems associated especially with females- have been staged with the motive of changing the socio-cultural psyche conditioned by the dominant discourses.
The Privatization and Deregulation of Healthcare in India with an Emphasis on Oversight, COVID-19, and Liberal Policy
Authors: ROHAN GOEL
Published: October 2024

The quasi-notion of the centralized and privatized nature of healthcare anent the familiar juxtaposition of the latter in India upon the post-liberal and welfare-esque socio-economic context of the aforementioned institution in the West provides an inherently conclusive but convoluting interpretation and dissertation into the documented and instituted proto-struggles of those latterly employed. The menial and oppositionary treatment and subjugation of doctors and other healthcare staff is a reference id est apropos in the positional setting of the perspective of the neo-polity situated in the post-industrial Indian context. The government, both locally and federally, has an implicitly embedded responsibility toward the political essence of its representation in the view of its constituents and also the latterly employed.
This paper creates an extraversion scale and similarly an extraversion test entitled, the ‘L/R Extraversion Scale’. The L/R Extraversion Scale judges the perspectives of its respondents in a defined pair of grading/scoring scales, id es namely, the ‘Left Extraversion Scale’ (LES), and the ‘Right Extraversion Scale’ (RES); scored out of 8 and represented on the X-Y axes alongside the accompanying intensity and frequency of the received variable responses on the test. When represented as the latter, and upon the presentation of the median at four, the delineation of the results in the second and fourth quadrants allows for an analysis of the scores on the LE and RE Scales.
A multi-label text classifier: application on an Italian public tender procedure, project ISCOL@
Authors: Locatelli Mirko , Tagliabue Lavinia Chiara , Di Giuda Giuseppe M.
Published: October 2024

The main means of communication during the pre-design phase is natural language. Effective communication during the pre-design phase through text documents and reports is essential to the success of a design and construction project. The study develops and evaluates a Natural Language Processing (NLP) tool called ArchiBERTo to process textual data related to design tender documents in the Italian public procurement process. Documenti di Indirizzo alla Progettazione (DIPs) are key documents, as they outline the demands, needs, and objectives of the public appointing party. ArchiBERTo is developed to process and convert DIP quality objective sentences into a hierarchy of objectives and criteria. The performances are evaluated by comparing the tool’s rankings with those provided by a group of domain experts. The results demonstrate ArchiBERTo's capability to reflect the collective ability of a panel of experts and to properly reflect the different contents of the DIP in the objectives hierarchy. The proposed system aims to address the issue of information asymmetry and potential misunderstandings, or varying interpretations, among the key actors of the Italian tendering procedure, namely the public appointing party, the design teams, and the external committee, regarding the relative importance of quality objectives and evaluation criteria. The utilization of the NLP systems ArchiBERTo to establish a shared hierarchy of objectives is expected to enhance communication and promote consensus during the pre-design phase. The minimization of the consensus issue among the actors can have a positive impact on the overall quality of the design proposals and facilitate the evaluation process conducted by the external committee, bridging the gap between expected and actual quality, ensuring that design proposals align with the quality objectives and demands of the public actor.
Artificial Intelligence, Copyright Registration, and the Rule of Doubt
Authors: James Thomas B.
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (“AI”) technology has detonated an explosive burst of seemingly creative expression. Stories, images, music, and even entire books are now being generated very quickly. This development is a major headache for copyright registrars because the copyrightability of works created in this way is uncertain. The almost limitless variability in the extent of human involvement in the creation of a work using an AI tool compounds the uncertainty. In some cases, copyrightability is easy to determine, such as where an author only claims rights in the selection and arrangement of AI-generated output rather than the output itself. But in many cases the registrability of a work created with the aid of an AI technology is far from certain. In these situations, the Copyright Office should apply a rule of doubt to allow registration. This solution appears to be a novel idea, at least as a permanent solution to the problems AI has generated. Nevertheless, approaching the problem in this way would protect authors’ rights to any original contributions they make to AI-assisted works, authors’ interests in the privacy of their creative processes, the interests of authors whose works may have been used without their consent to train AI, and the ability of alleged infringers to challenge the existence and scope of claimed copyrights in AI-generated and AI-assisted works. It would also ease the burden on copyright examiners.
Pizza Hut L.L.C. v. Pandya: Exploring the Validity of Pre-Dispute Jury Waivers
Authors: Allen Logan
Published: October 2024

This Note analyzes a 2023 Fifth Circuit opinion concerning whether a contractual pre-dispute jury waiver is enforceable utilizing the knowing and voluntary factors and when challenged under general fraud allegations. The Fifth Circuit incorrectly weighed two of the voluntary and knowing factors—conspicuousness and unequal bargaining power—to be in favor of enforcing the jury waiver when the facts of the case and prior case law prove otherwise. The Fifth Circuit should have first applied a historical analysis in analyzing a constitutional right, but the court was reasonable in applying the arbitration rule to jury waiver provisions because waiving a jury right compromises fewer constitutional rights than an arbitration clause.
Inservice needs of selected Arkansas agriculture teachers related to precision agriculture
Authors: Akwah Henry , Johnson Donald M. , Wardlow George , Koparan Cengiz , Poncet Aurelie
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine selected Arkansas school-based agricultural education (SBAE) teachers’ perceptions of the importance, ability to teach, inservice needs, and barriers relative to incorporating precision agriculture (PA) into their programs. A non-probability sample (n = 44) of teachers participating in an introductory PA workshop completed the survey. Teachers rated each of the  PA competencies as being above average or high importance but rated their ability to teach each competency as being none or below average. When competencies were grouped into seven PA topics, teachers had inservice needs for each topic with mean weighted discrepancy scores (MWDSs) ranging from 8.16 (guidance and autosteering systems) to 11.81 (geographic information systems). Years teaching experience, row-crop experience, and experience with PA had negligible to substantial negative correlations with inservice needs in each PA topic. A majority of teachers rated the lack of equipment (86.3%), curriculum materials (84.1%), personal knowledge (81.9%), and inservice opportunities (63.7%) as being either moderate or serious barriers to incorporating PA into their programs. These results indicated a perceived need for inservice education in PA, provided insight into priority topics, and identified potential barriers to incorporating PA into the curriculum.
DEVELOPING MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION ABILITIES FOR VIETNAMESE PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Tran Ngoc Dr. Bich , Pham Thi Hai Dr. Chau , Viet Ha Dinh , Thi Men Pham
Published: October 2024

Mathematical communication is an essential component of math lessons. It facilitates the exchange of mathematical information between teachers and students. Moreover, effective mathematical communication can enhance students' understanding of Mathematics. However, both teachers and students face numerous challenges in this area. Therefore, developing mathematical communication skills in students is a critical responsibility for Vietnamese teachers under the 2018 General Education Program. This article examines the challenges related to mathematical communication faced by teachers and primary school students in Vietnam. Additionally, it proposes solutions to address these challenges while contributing to the development of mathematical communication skills among Vietnamese elementary school students.
THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM IN RUSSIA
Authors: Солдаткина Ольга Александровна , Лесунова Юлия Алексеевна
Published: October 2024

Возникновение и развитие системы экономической безопасности в России представляет собой постоянный процесс эволюции и совершенствования механизмов, цель которых - обеспечение стабильности и защиты экономики страны от внутренних и внешних угроз. В контексте современных вызовов и изменений данная проблематика остается крайне актуальной и важной.
PRINCIPLES OF ACHIEVING TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY OF AN INDUSTRIALLY DEVELOPED REGION
Authors: Баландин Дмитрий Аркадьевич
Published: October 2024

В работе актуализированы задачи импортозамещения и обеспечения технологического суверенитета России в условиях современного обострения геополитического и экономического противостояния. Отмечена роль индустриально-развитых регионов в преодолении последствий турбулентности внешней среды. Дополнены принципы достижения технологического суверенитета индустриально-развитых регионов.

The work updates the tasks of import substitution and ensuring technological sovereignty of Russia in the conditions of the current aggravation of geopolitical and economic confrontation. The role of industrially developed regions in overcoming the consequences of turbulence in the external environment is noted. The principles of achieving technological sovereignty of industrially developed regions are supplemented.
DIGITAL TOOLS FOR MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Authors:   Chief Developer at Marketplace-Technologies LLC, Nalchik, Russia, Vologirov Kantemir
Published: October 2024

The digitalization of agricultural production has led to the widespread use of mobile technologies for monitoring and managing agricultural processes. Applications and devices such as drones and satellites allow you to receive real-time data on soil conditions, humidity, plant growth, and pest threats. This data helps farmers to make quick decisions on irrigation, fertilization, and crop forecasting. Modern mobile solutions such as AgroMonitor integrate with various data sources and provide accurate information, which increases the efficiency of resource management and reduces production risks. The introduction of these technologies not only helps to increase yields but also ensures the sustainable development of agricultural operations, minimizing the impact of external factors. Thus, digital tools are becoming an important element of the modernization of the agro-industrial sector, contributing to its competitiveness at the global level.
Juventude urbana e os territórios (des)ocupados
Authors: Dos Santos Luana Fernandes Sales , Marconsini Cynthia
Published: October 2024

O conceito de cidades educadoras valoriza o espaço urbano enquanto um local de aprendizado, vivência social e formação de valores. Pensar na juventude urbana de baixa renda, que habita a realidade segregada, incita a refletir sobre qual é o lugar desses jovens no contexto urbano. Esta pesquisa busca compreender como ocorre a relação do jovem de baixa renda com o espaço urbano e quais são os espaços e as formas de apropriação e interação social. A pesquisa caracteriza-se pela investigação qualitativa e utiliza a metodologia de estudo de caso, que contempla uma análise realizada com estudantes do primeiro e terceiro anos, em uma escola pública de ensino médio, localizada na cidade de Vila Velha, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Na coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários (de identificação e afetivo), diálogo guiado e mapeamento afetivo como instrumentos. A partir dos relatos dos jovens, sobre seus trajetos diários, os lugares que frequentam e que constroem vínculos, objetivou-se priorizar os discursos, conhecer o modo como ocorrem as relações socioespaciais e elaborar reflexões. Os resultados revelam que a maioria não vivencia o espaço urbano enquanto local de interação social, em razão da insegurança, violência e falta de oportunidades. Eles estabelecem suas rotinas majoritariamente em lugares fechados e acessam de forma limitada, geralmente através da escola, os equipamentos culturais do bairro e do município.
Excellent English Teachers – A View from English Teachers
Authors: Mohamad Amir Muhamad Arshad , Mohamad Nor Faizah
Published: October 2024

English proficiency among Malaysians has been under highlight recently. Among the factors that are investigated are the excellent practice of Malaysian English Teachers. In order to improve teaching practices, teachers need to know what is considered excellent practice. Several researches have pointed out what criteria is considered as being excellent teachers. From meta-analysis of previous research, 16 criteria were found as being criteria of Excellent Teachers with the most common criteria relating to being Student-Centred. The objective of this research is to investigate criteria of excellence among English Teachers. A small-scale study was conducted among Malaysian English Teachers. A questionnaire was distributed among Head Panels of English from an education district with 74 items pertaining to description of being an excellent teacher. The findings have revealed an interesting insight as to what is considered excellent among English teachers. Out of 74 items, 10 items that had the highest mean scores were identified. The aspects that had the highest mean score was Personal Belief and Classroom Environment. Among the criteria with the lowest mean score was Students Centred  and Professional Development. It is hoped that this research will give an insight of what is criteria is looked at when discussing the issue of Excellence among Malaysian English Teachers.
Perception of Biology Students to Flipped Classroom Approach in Biological Control and Environment Conservation
Authors: Ridzuan Raihana , Wan Adnan Wan Nur Asyura , Zakaria Zarita , Mohd Noh Nur Izzati , Abd Manan Fazilah
Published: October 2024

Flipped classroom (FC) approach is an active, student-centered learning approach that consists of two parts - online-based individual instruction outside the classroom and active learning activities inside the classroom.
STEM Education in Malaysia: An Organisational Development Approach?
Authors: Liew Yon Foi , Teoh Hong Kean
Published: October 2024

A new breath has taken place to re-position STEM education based on its importance in providing a skilled STEM workforce, which is crucial for Malaysia. The Ministry of Education (MoE) and the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MOSTI) have launched strategic plans to boost students’ enrolment in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) to develop a STEM-literate society and high-quality and sufficient workforce in Malaysia. Institut Aminuddin Baki (IAB), the leadership training centre in MoE, collaborate with Curriculum Development Division (BPK) have piloted a Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Executive Consultation (STEMEC) project under the Malaysia Educational Blueprint 2013-2025 (MEB) Initiative #49 in 2019. The project aims to strengthen integrated STEM Education in 32 primary and secondary schools by providing pupils with continuous meaningful STEM learning experiences. The STEMEC conceptual framework is grounded in the organisation development approach to develop model STEM schools that others can benchmark on holistically implementing integrated STEM education. In addition, the pilot project introduced an instrument that can assist schools in planning, implementing and accessing integrated STEM education, which impacts their strategically crafted integrative learning experiences.
Die Verantwortungsgemeinschaft
Authors: Thomi Saskia
Published: October 2024

Als Vorschlag zur Berücksichtigung von Care-Arbeit im Schweizer Zivilrecht wird in der vorliegenden Dissertation das Institut der Verantwortungsgemeinschaft vorgestellt. Diese hat zum Zweck, finanzielle Sicherheiten für Care-Arbeit leistende Personen zu garantieren. Sofern die Voraussetzungen für die Entstehung einer Verantwortungsgemeinschaft erfüllt sind, bietet diese finanzielle Sicherheiten in Form eines (nach)gemeinschaftlichen Unterhaltsanspruchs und der erbrechtlichen Berücksichtigung von Care-Arbeit. Leben die Care-Arbeit leistende und die durch die Care-Arbeit begünstigte Person zusammen, ist auch die gemeinschaftliche Wohnung geschützt. Schliesslich werden auch Kriterien zur Festsetzung des Endes der finanziellen Sicherheiten (Auflösung der Verantwortungsgemeinschaft) vorgeschlagen.
Analyzing One- and Two-bit Data to Reduce Memory Requirements for

F

-statistic-based Gravitational Wave Searches
Authors: Clearwater P. , Melatos A. , Nepal S. , Bailes M.
Published: October 2024

Searches for continuous-wave gravitational radiation in data collected by modern long-baseline interferometers, such as the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO), the Virgo interferometer, and the Kamioka Gravitational Wave Detector, can be memory intensive. A digitization scheme is described that reduces the 64-bit interferometer output to a one- or two-bit data stream while minimizing distortion and achieving considerable reduction in storage and input/output cost. For the representative example of the coherent, maximum-likelihood matched filter known as the

F

-statistic, it is found using Monte Carlo simulations that the injected signal only needs to be ≈24% stronger (for one-bit data) and ≈6.4% stronger (for two-bit data with optimal thresholds) than a 64-bit signal in order to be detected with 90% probability in Gaussian noise. The foregoing percentages do not change significantly when the signal frequency decreases secularly, or when the noise statistics are not Gaussian, as verified with LIGO Science Run 6 data.
Role of Magma Oceans in Controlling Carbon and Oxygen of Sub-Neptune Atmospheres
Authors: Seo Chanoul , Ito Yuichi , Fujii Yuka
Published: October 2024

Most exoplanets with a few Earth radii are more inflated than bare-rock planets with the same mass, indicating a substantial volatile amount. Neither the origin of the volatiles nor the planet’s bulk composition can be constrained from the mass–radius relation alone, and the spectral characterization of their atmospheres is needed to solve this degeneracy. Previous studies showed that chemical interaction between accreted volatile and possible molten rocky surface (i.e., magma ocean) can greatly affect the atmospheric composition. However, a variety in the atmospheric compositions of such planets with different properties remains elusive. In this work, we examine the dependence of atmospheric H, O, and C on planetary parameters (atmospheric thickness, planetary mass, equilibrium temperature, and magma properties such as redox state) assuming nebula gas accretion on an Earth-like core, using an atmosphere-magma chemical equilibrium model. Consistent with previous work, we show that atmospheric H2O fraction on a fully molten rocky interior with an Earth-like redox state is on the order of 10−2–10−1 regardless of other planetary parameters. Despite the solubility difference between H- and C-bearing species, C/H increases only a few times above the nebula value except for atmospheric pressure ≲1000 bar and H2O fraction ≳10%. This results in a negative O/H–C/O trend and depleted C/O below one-tenth of the nebula gas value under an oxidized atmosphere, which could provide a piece of evidence of rocky interior and endogenic water. We also highlight the importance of constraints on the high-pressure material properties for interpreting the magma–atmospheric interaction of inflated planets.
Gravitational-wave and Gravitational-wave Memory Signatures of Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Choi Lyla , Burrows Adam , Vartanyan David
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we calculate the energy, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), detection range, and angular anisotropy of the matter, matter memory, and neutrino memory gravitational-wave (GW) signatures of 21 three-dimensional initially nonrotating core-collapse supernova (CCSN) models carried to late times. We find that inferred energy, SNR, and detection range are angle-dependent quantities, and that the spread of possible energy, signal to noise, and detection ranges across all viewing angles generally increases with progenitor mass. When examining the low-frequency matter memory and neutrino memory components of the signal, we find that the neutrino memory is the most detectable component of a CCSN GW signal, and that DECIGO is best equipped to detect both matter memory and neutrino memory. Moreover, we find that the polarization angle between the h
+ and h
× strains serves as a unique identifier of matter and neutrino memory. Finally, we develop a Galactic density- and stellar mass-weighted formalism to calculate the rate at which we can expect to detect CCSN GW signals with the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (aLIGO). When considering only the matter component of the signal, the aLIGO detection rate is around 65% of the total Galactic supernova rate, but increases to 90% when incorporating the neutrino memory component. We find that all future detectors (Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer, DECIGO) will be able to detect CCSN GW signals from the entire Galaxy, and for the higher-mass progenitors even into the Local Group of galaxies.
Energy Evolution in the Progenitor of Galaxy Shells: A Semi-analytical Model
Authors: Guo Beibei , Wu Xufen , Zhao HongSheng , Fan Lulu
Published: October 2024

The stellar shells surrounding an elliptical galaxy, as remnants of a dwarf galaxy disrupted during merging, reveal the distribution of energy and angular momentum of the progenitor dwarf galaxy. We develop a semi-analytical model to describe the changes in energy ΔE

i
and angular momentum ΔLz

i
for particles during the first infall. We show that these changes, induced by the self-gravity of the progenitor, are important in broadening the initial energy distribution of the Plummer or Hernquist progenitor model. Consequently, these changes are crucial in shaping the shells. In the freefall stage following the disintegration of the progenitor potential, particles are no longer bound by self-gravity but move within the gravitational potential of the target galaxy. We investigate the relationship between the radial period and the energy of particles undergoing radial motion. We show that an accurate model of the energy range of the dwarf galaxy at disruption is essential to predict the number of observable shells.
Up, Up, and Away: Winds and Dynamical Structure as a Function of Altitude in the Ultrahot Jupiter WASP-76b
Authors: Kesseli Aurora Y. , Beltz Hayley , Rauscher Emily , Snellen I. A. G.
Published: October 2024

Due to the unprecedented signal strengths offered by the newest high-resolution spectrographs on 10 m class telescopes, exploring the 3D nature of exoplanets is possible with an unprecedented level of precision. In this paper, we present a new technique to probe the vertical structure of exoplanetary winds and dynamics using ensembles of planet absorption lines of varying opacity, and apply it to the well-studied ultrahot Jupiter WASP-76b. We then compare these results to state-of-the-art global circulation models (GCMs) with varying magnetic drag prescriptions. We find that the known asymmetric velocity shift in Fe i absorption during transit persists at all altitudes, and observe tentative trends for stronger blueshifts and more narrow line profiles deeper in the atmosphere. By comparing three different model prescriptions (a hydrodynamical model with no drag, a magnetic drag model, and a uniform drag model) we are able to rule out the uniform drag model due to inconsistencies with observed trends in the data. We find that the magnetic model is slightly favored over the the hydrodynamic model, and note that this 3-Gauss kinematic magnetohydrodynamical GCM is also favored when compared to low-resolution data. Future generation high-resolution spectrographs on extremely large telescopes will greatly increase signals and make methods like these possible with higher precision and for a wider range of objects.
Identifying Subcomponents of Mean Pulse Profiles of PSR B1822–09 with Single Pulses
Authors: Liu Jie , Wang Hong-Guang , Yan Zhen , Tong Hao , Shen Zhi-Qiang , Huang Zhi-Peng , Wang Rui , Wang Xiao-Wei
Published: October 2024

Using observational data obtained with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope, we succeeded in identifying subcomponents of different pulse profile components of PSR B1822−09 by the phase-to-phase cross correlations between intensity sequences of single pulses. The determined number of the subcomponents and edges of the subcomponents are consistent with the results of Gaussian fitting on the mean pulse profiles of PSR B1822−09. According to the results, the main pulse (MP) in both the radio burst mode (B mode) and the radio-quiet mode (Q mode), the precursor (PC), and the interpulse (IP) of PSR B1822−09 are all composed of three subcomponents. The correlation coefficients between intensity sequences at different pulse phases reveal a positive correlation between the subcomponent C8 of the MP and C3 of the IP in the Q mode, and a positive correlation between C5 of the PC and C2 of the IP during the switching process from the B mode to the Q mode. These complex correlations present a challenge for the existing scenarios that describe relations between different pulse profile components. We proposed a hypothesis that different subcomponents correspond to different subpatches on the pulsar surface, and emissions from a subpatch reveal responses of the subpatch to some variations like the voltage in the magnetosphere. Therefore, correlations between different subcomponents depend on the responses of the subpatches to the variations.
At First Sight! Zero-shot Classification of Astronomical Images with Large Multimodal Models
Authors: Tanoglidis Dimitrios , Jain Bhuvnesh
Published: October 2024

Vision-Language multimodal Models (VLMs) offer the possibility for zero-shot classification in astronomy: i.e., classification via natural language prompts, with no training. We investigate two models, GPT-4o and LLaVA-NeXT, for zero-shot classification of low-surface brightness galaxies and artifacts, as well as morphological classification of galaxies. We show that with natural language prompts these models achieved significant accuracy (above 80% typically) without additional training/fine tuning. We discuss areas that require improvement, especially for LLaVA-NeXT, which is an open source model. Our findings aim to motivate the astronomical community to consider VLMs as a powerful tool for both research and pedagogy, with the prospect that future custom-built or fine-tuned models could perform better.
Database of Candidate Targets for the LIFE Mission
Authors: Menti Franziska , Caballero José A. , Wyatt Mark C. , García Muñoz Antonio , Stassun Keivan G. , Alei Eleonora , Demleitner Markus , Kennedy Grant , Lichtenberg Tim , Schmitt Uwe , Schonhut-Stasik Jessica S. , Wang Haiyang S. , Quanz Sascha P. ,   and the LIFE Collaboration
Published: October 2024

We present the database of potential targets for the Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE), a space-based mid-infrared nulling interferometer mission proposed for the Voyage 2050 science program of the European Space Agency. The database features stars, their planets and disks, main astrophysical parameters, and ancillary observations. It allows users to create target lists based on various criteria to predict, for instance, exoplanet detection yields for the LIFE mission. As such, it enables mission design trade-offs, provides context for the analysis of data obtained by LIFE, and flags critical missing data. Work on the database is in progress, but given its relevance to LIFE and other space missions, including the Habitable Worlds Observatory, we present its main features here. A preliminary version of the LIFE database is publicly available on the German Astrophysical Virtual Observatory.
Three new wood-inhabiting fungi of Botryobasidium (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) from subtropical forests of Southwestern China
Authors: Zhou Lin-Jiang , Li Xue-Long , Yuan Hai-Sheng
Published: October 2024

The basidiomycete genus Botryobasidium is a resupinate saprotrophic with a global distribution range from coniferous to broad-leaved forest ecosystems. Though numerous species have been reported from Eurasia and North America, few have been described from China. In the current work, phylogenetic analyses of Botryobasidium in China were conducted based on the dataset of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree, and three new species, namely Botryobasidium acanthosporum, B. leptocystidiatum and B. subovalibasidium, were described from subtropical forests of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. Botryobasidium acanthosporum is characterized by having yellowish white to dark yellow basidiome, clavate to tubular cystidia, and subglobose to globose basidiospores with obtuse spines. Botryobasidium leptocystidiatum is characterized by having fluffy to arachnoid, greyish white to ivory basidiome, generative hyphae with clamped, tubular cystidia, and subnavicular to navicular basidiospores. While, B. subovalibasidium is characterized by having yellowish to ivory basidiome, subovoid basidia, navicular to suburniform basidiospores, and thick-walled chlamydospores. These three new species are described and illustrated, and the discriminating characters between the new species and their closely related species are discussed. A key to known species of Botryobasidium in China is provided.
Le Thematic Apperception Test – TAT : un outil diagnostic transculturel
Authors: Touma Nathalie , Castro Dana , Matar-Touma Viviane
Published: October 2024

L’objectif de cette étude rétrospective et transculturelle France-Liban est d’explorer 1° les thèmes de la dépression et de l’agressivité aux planches 3BM et 8BM du test projectif Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) dans une population d’adultes ayant une personnalité borderline ; 2° les similitudes et les différences existant dans la perception des thématiques latentes et l’utilisation de mécanismes de défense. Quarante protocoles de sujets âgés de 18 à 35 ans, 20 Français et 20 Libanais, appariés pour l’âge et le niveau socio-économique, et diagnostiqués avec un trouble de la personnalité borderline selon les critères du DSM-V ont été analysés. Le traitement des données s’est appuyé sur une analyse qualitative du contenu des récits et une analyse quantitative incluant des statistiques descriptives et comparatives. Les résultats montrent des similitudes entre les deux populations dans la perception et la reconnaissance du contenu latent des planches, l’expression émotionnelle et l’utilisation des mécanismes de défense évitement, projection et déni. Les différences portent sur les verbalisations avec apport culturel et l’utilisation de certains mécanismes de défense (isolation) significativement plus fréquents dans la population libanaise.
Sur les traces du traumatisme, récit d’un ancien combattant français de la guerre d’Algérie. Mémoires d’un sujet âgé
Authors: Caron Rosa , Metidji Safia
Published: October 2024

Les traumatismes psychiques de guerre, à défaut d’être remémorés par le souvenir, laissent des traces résiduelles inconscientes, perceptibles dans la structure du récit qui peut en être fait. À partir du témoignage singulier d’un sujet âgé, ancien combattant de la guerre d’Algérie, les auteurs analysent le récit de son expérience subjective, en articulant un regard analytique et une approche phénoménologique. Au-delà des symptômes d’évitement post-traumatiques encore actifs et du récit des violences, difficiles à soutenir par la chercheure elle-même, les auteurs observent entre autres une densité verbale, déstructurée par le clivage, désorientée sur le plan temporel, recourant à de nombreux processus défensifs. La relation transférentielle et contre-transférentielle spécifique mobilisera la possibilité du travail de récit et de pensée.
Mettre à l’épreuve la sécurité juridique : les pratiques d’écriture d’un service de marchés publics
Authors: Forte Thomas
Published: October 2024

En prenant comme objet d’étude les marchés publics d’un Conseil départemental français, cet article vise à comprendre la place du principe de sécurité juridique dans l’activité d’écriture de ces derniers. Si elle est généralement comprise comme le risque de voir son marché annulé par un juge, elle est également prise en compte en amont par les acteurs chargés de rédiger les marchés publics au cours même de leur activité. En mobilisant une enquête ethnographique de trois ans au sein du service chargé d’écrire ces documents, j’analyse la manière dont la sécurité juridique s’inscrit dans l’activité de rédaction et de contrôle des marchés publics. Entre standardisation et expertise, la sécurité juridique repose sur la matérialité du travail, par l’intermédiaire de documents-types, sur des pratiques de jugement situées et sur un réseau d’acteurs qui la définissent au sein de l’organisation.
L’alezan et l’huître : relire La Voie cheyenne à la lumière des sagas islandaises, une incongruité méthodologique ?
Authors: Davy Gilduin
Published: October 2024

Est-il pertinent ou même raisonnable de confronter La Voie cheyenne aux sagas islandaises du Moyen Âge ? Cette question n’a de sens que si l’on se souvient que Karl Llewellyn et Edward Adamson Hoebel firent à plusieurs occasions renvoi à la mémoire de l’Islande médiévale. Ce faisant, ils mirent en parallèle deux modèles supposés de juristique, deux topoï de culture juridique primitive. Pour autant, une telle démarche reflète une méthode singulière, originale mais aussi discutable qui tente de repousser les limites du comparatisme juridique et, au final, comme l’écrivait Claude Lévi-Strauss, qui revient à comparer un alezan et une huître.