bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Hypocalcaemia in Term Neonates and the Clinical Characteristics of the Affected Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   University Teaching Hospital, Zyambo Khozya D. , Sinyangwe Silvester ,   The University of Zambia, Chabala Chishala ,   University Teaching Hospital
Published: September 2021

The burden of neonatal hypocalcaemia remains unknown in Zambia. Convulsions with concurrent hypocalcaemia are a common complication seen in very ill neonates at The University Teaching Hospital (UTH) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), now known as Women and Newborn Hospital. The unit admits close to 4000 neonates per year with various neonatal conditions. Meanwhile, studies around the globe have shown prevalence levels of neonatal hypocalcaemia ranging from 17% to 39%. This study endeavoured to determine the prevalence of hypocalcaemia in term neonates, the clinical characteristics of the affected neonates and to establish the proportion of neonates with seizures who also had hypocalcaemia. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 174 neonates enrolled into the study by simple random sampling methods out of 240 screened neonates. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 2. The relationship between study variables and the outcome variable of interest (hypocalcaemia) was examined using a logistic regression model. The prevalence of neonatal hypocalcaemia was found to be 26.4% (46/174) and 50% (23/46) of hypocalcemic neonates presented with abnormal neurological features such as convulsions, hypertonia and hypotonia. Of the neonates who presented with convulsions in this study, 26.8% (19/71) were also found to have hypocalcaemia. However, there was no statistically significant association between convulsions and hypocalcaemia. The prevalence of hypocalcemia in term neonates admitted to NICU at UTH is high with half of the hypocalcemic neonates manifesting neurological signs.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Renal Dysfunction in HIV Positive Paediatric Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at the Paediatric Centre of Excellence of the University Teaching Hospital, in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   University Teaching Hospital, Zimba Mabvuto K. , Chipeta James ,   The University of Zambia, Kankasa Chipepo ,   University Teaching Hospital
Published: September 2021

Background: Although sub-Saharan Africa has the largest number of children living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), little is known about the prevalence of HIV related kidney disease in these children despite the recognition of HIV infection as a strong risk factor for kidney disease. This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with renal dysfunction in HIV positive paediatric patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy at the Paediatric Centre of Excellence (PCOE) of the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka, Zambia. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted at the PCOE of the UTH in Lusaka, Zambia. Enrolment of all eligible participants was from April to September 2014. The Inclusion criteria were patients aged 18 months to 16 years who consented or and assented to the study and were on HAART. Renal dysfunction was defined as at least abnormal renal laboratory values in at least 1 of 3 measures of proteinuria, serum creatinine or Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) 60mL/min/1.73m2 for the age and height-adjusted value as defined by The Kidney Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 on two occasions. A file review and clinical evaluation was done by the study physician to determine the factors associated with renal dysfunction. Blood was drawn for CD4 count, Haemoglobin (HB), Creatinine and Urine was taken for dipstick urinalysis. Results: Of the 209 participants enrolled in this cross-sectional study, 105(50.2%) were females. This study found a prevalence of 8.1% (CI=5.0-12.5), of renal dysfunction among paediatric HIV patients, followed up at PCOE. Children aged 13 and above had on average 23 times greater odds for renal dysfunction [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 23.76, and 95% confidence interval (CI) = (5.30 – 106.53), P-value <0.01] compared to children under 13 years old. Children receiving nephrotoxic HAART had on average 6 times greater odds for renal dysfunction [OR=5.55, CI= (1.57 – 19.65), P-value = 0.01] compared to children receiving Non-Nephrotoxic HAART. Conclusion: The prevalence of renal dysfunction among paediatric HIV infected patients followed up at the PCOE at UTH in Lusaka Zambia is 8.1%, at 95% CI= (5.0-12.5) and associated factors include an increase in age and nephrotoxic HAART.
“Sexing African Time and Space”: The Fetish of the Colonial Gender
Authors:   Kenyatta University, Wachira Ibrahim , Muhia Mugo ,   Kenyatta University, Kaiga Kimani ,   Kenyatta University
Published: September 2021

This article examines how Alain Mabanckou uses sexual allegories in his novel Broken glass (2010) to express (neo)-colonial realities in which Africa is charmed by the West into assuming the role of the sexual subaltern. Mabanckou appears to reinvigorate the sexual allegories of rape and prostitution for expressing the penetrative tendencies of colonialism by affixing their connotations of exploitation to the harsh socio-economic and political realities of (neo)-colonialism, thus creating a motif which is termed in the article as the fetish of colonial gender. Its coalescent value might be of great interest in postcolonial studies since it reveals how neocolonialists ascribe the subaltern’s time and space with exploitable sex through the charm of the global economy. The critical discussion is built on textual research methods and it highlights on the fabric that holds the neo-colonial relationship between the West and Africa.
Rheological, Baking and Sensory Characteristics of Bread from Wheat-Cassava Composite Dough
Authors: Manano John , Ogwok Patrick , Byarugaba-Bazirake George William , Mugampoza Ediriisa
Published: September 2021

Uganda produces cassava, which has potential as a raw material for agro-industry. In this study, wheat flour was blended with high quality cassava flour in the ratios 100:0, 90:10; 80:20; 70:30; 60:40; 50:50 and 40:60 and the composite dough used to prepare bread. The doughs were subjected to rheological analysis using mixolab, consistograph and alveograph. Bread physical properties were measured and sensory qualities evaluated to correlate rheological characteristics of flour/dough with bread quality. Inclusion of cassava flour in the composite dough negatively affected the quality of the composite bread compared to the control. Bread volume (631.0 to 516.7 cm3) decreased, specific volume (2.065 to 1.574 cm3/g) decreased, bread density (0.49 to 0.63 g/cm3) increased. Mean scores for sensory quality parameters reduced: crust colour (6.88 to 4.63), taste (7.13 to 4.25), crumb texture (6.5 to 4.63) and overall acceptability (8.13 to 4.5). Bread quality was positively correlated with mixolab parameters protein weakening (C2), dough stability and dough development time (DDT); alveograph parameters tenacity (P) and deformation energy (W); and consistograph parameter maximum pressure (PrMax). Results showed that bread of acceptable quality can be processed using wheat composite containing 20 % cassava flour. Rheological properties can be used to assess suitability of flour for bread making.
O AUXÍLIO DAS FERRAMENTAS EDUCOMUNICATIVAS NO ENSINO DE LIBRAS PARA OUVINTES
Authors: Pereira Renata Quinhone , Pereira Michele Quinhones , Ghisleni Taís Steffenello
Published: September 2021

Nesse registro assumimos a concepção atual de inclusão. Independentemente dos conceitos para a palavra inclusão, todos os usos produzem verdades e circulam no nosso cotidiano. Apresentamos inicialmente as alterações legislativas ocorridas no ano de 2005 que determinaram a inserção da disciplina de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) nos currículos dos cursos de formação de professores de todo o Brasil. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo relata a experiência do Playlibras, um projeto desenvolvido pelos alunos da disciplina de Projeto de Extensão e Comunicação Comunitária do Curso de Publicidade e Propaganda da Universidade Franciscana de Santa Maria (UFN), a partir da demanda suscitada pela Professora da disciplina de Libras da instituição, em razão da escassez de materiais na área. O artigo situa-se na interface da educomunicação, no ensino de Libras para ouvintes e apoia-se na perspectiva da pesquisa exploratória.
Zmiany w organizacji przestrzennej
obiektów opieki zdrowotnej
spowodowane zagrożeniem epidemicznym
Authors: Tomanek Michał
Published: September 2021

Do zeszłego roku funkcjonował
standardowy rozdział obiektów szpitalnych
– na zakaźne, w których leczono pacjentów
ze stwierdzonymi zakażeniami chorobami
zakaźnymi, oraz przeznaczone dla osób niezakażonych.
Rok 2020 przyniósł poważną
zmianę. W minionym roku w naszym kraju
zarejestrowano ponad milion zakażeń SARS-
-CoV-2. Niniejszy artykuł odpowiada na pytanie,
w jakim stopniu architektura obiektów
opieki zdrowotnej powinna wspomagać przeciwdziałanie
zakażeniom oraz jakie rozwiązania
organizacyjne i techniczne należy w tym
celu stosować. Celem badań jest znalezienie
rozwiązań, w ramach organizacji struktur
obiektów opieki zdrowotnej, minimalizujących
ryzyko zarażenia jako odpowiedź na pytanie,
w jaki sposób oddzielić pacjentów zakażonych
lub podejrzanych o zakażenie od pacjentów
zdrowych. Wynikiem badań jest zaproponowanie
nowej struktury stref przyjęć, szczególnie
nagłych i wypadkowych w szpitalach.
Metodologia opiera się na analizie przypadków
oraz badaniach literaturowych prowadzonych w medycynie metody Evidence Based Medicine.
Analizie poddano istniejące obiekty szpitalne,
których działalność jest w największym
stopniu narażona na duży napływ pacjentów –
czyli szpitale i wyodrębnione w nich strefy przyjęcia
pacjenta planowego oraz wypadkowego.
Przeprowadzono badania jakościowe potrzeb
i funkcjonowania personelu oraz pacjentów
stref przyjęć na podstawie studium przypadków,
a także badania POE (Post Occupancy
Evaluation) rozwiązań doraźnych stosowanych
w sytuacji pandemicznej w tego typu
obiektach.
wg metodyki tzw. systematycznego przeglądu
bibliografii naukowej i przeglądu danych statystycznych
stanowiących podstawę stosowanej
Subiektywna analiza porównawcza technologii CAD i BIM
w świetle projektowania
architektoniczno-urbanistycznego
Authors: Borkowski Andrzej Szymon , Kruk Magdalena
Published: September 2021

W artykule przedstawiono porównanie technologii wykorzystywanych w projektowaniu, które są stosowane zarówno w różnych fazach realizacji procesu inwestycyjnego, jak i pracach twórczych w dziedzinie architektury oraz urbanistyki. Tradycyjne modelowanie w znanej projektantom technologii CAD różni się pod względem architektury rozwiązań informatycznych od nowoczesnej technologii BIM. Różnice w zastosowaniu czy efektach pracy mogą być zaskakujące. W pracy dokonano próby bezpośredniego porównania CAD i BIM z perspektywy projektanta lub firmy zainteresowanej wdrożeniem BIM (na 1 poziomie dojrzałości BIM, tzw. lonely BIM). W tym celu wykorzystano narzędzia (aplikacje) dostępne na polskim rynku, dając tym samym zainteresowanym pogląd na możliwe korzyści i zalety stosowania BIM.
Projekt budynku Skyreach jako przykład
konstrukcji żelbetowej współczesnych
mieszkalnych budynków wysokościowych
w Warszawie
Authors: Goncikowski Marcin
Published: September 2021

: Beton stał się współcześnie
wiodącym materiałem służącym budowie
obiektów wysokościowych. Celem artykułu
jest zbadanie, czy sytuacja ta jest charakterystyczna zarówno w skali globalnej, jak i realizacji zlokalizowanych w Warszawie, a jeżeli tak, to jakie są typowe rozwiązania dla
tego typu budynków o funkcji mieszkaniowej w warunkach warszawskich. W tej ostatniej jedynie 2 na 23 zrealizowane po 1989 r. obiekty przekraczające 100 m wysokości były wybudowane w konstrukcji stalowej. Badania wykazują, że charakterystyczne dla realizacji mieszkalnych budynków wysokościowych rozwiązania projektowe konstrukcji są
zastosowane w przypadku wieżowca przy
Skyreach przy ul. Grzybowskiej 59 w Warszawie, przeznaczonym do realizacji w 2021 r.,
który jest przedstawiony jako studium przypadku. Budynek będzie mieć 165 m wysokości, 47 kondygnacji nadziemnych i 3 kondygnacje podziemne. Artykuł prezentuje układ
konstrukcyjny obiektu, rozwiązania materiałów konstrukcyjnych oraz wnioski dotyczące
perspektyw dalszego stosowania betonu jako materiału konstrukcyjnego budynków wysokościowych w Warszawie
Rewiev of current text representation technics for semantic relationship extraction
Authors: Gałusza Michał
Published: September 2021

Article provides review on current most popular text processing technics; sketches their evolution and compares sequence and dependency models in detecting semantic relationship between words.
MONONACIONALNE STRANKE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI I NEGACIJA ZAVNOBIH-a
Authors: Ćurak Nerzuk
Published: September 2021

Poricanje sopstvene zajedničke historije bosanskohercegovačkih ljudi koje je kulminiralo trijumfom nacionalističkih ideologija i političkom institucionalizacijom tih ideologija kroz političkopravni poredak ovovremene Bosne i Hercegovine, tretirat ćemo, u kontekstu filozofije historije, kao vrhunac nepravednosti spram sopstvenog historijskog bića. Autor će ponuditi argumentaciju kojom će tvrditi da se, nasuprot nacionalističke opresije, na tragu razumijevanja naslijeđa ZAVNOBIH-a kao vrela vrline, mogu odnjegovati principi izgradnje boljeg i pravednijeg društva. De facto sudbina Bosne i Hercegovine zavisi od sposobnosti unutrašnjih političkih, kulturnih i intelektualnih aktera da tiraniju nacionalizma zamijene društvenim konsenzusom o vrlini.
Importance of Integrating SDGs Into Business Process by Telecommunication Operators: Opinion of Estonian Customers
Authors: Gurvitš-Suits Natalie Aleksandra , Lvova Anna-Liiza
Published: September 2021

Sustainable development is recognized by the United Nations as a challenge for social and economic policy Hughes&Johnston (2005), an urgent call for action by all countries addressing all groups of stakeholders (Mio et al., 2020) and one of the main priorities for business community all over the world (Tsalis et al., 2020). Successful implementation and achievement of these goals should be a result of joint efforts of all countries and nations. And while a general success is observed in case of certain SDGs, others still require joint efforts and cooperation on both national and international level. A vital role is assigned to businesses which can also contribute to achievement of SDGs by integrating them into everyday processes. Purpose: The aim of the research was to reveal the customers opinion on the importance of embedding SDGs by businesses into everyday process in Estonia. The telecommunication operating companies were chosen due to their central role in the modern business world and huge impact on nearly every aspect of society. There was conducted a survey in a form of questionnaire among customers of these companies and 512 responses were collected in a period of September 2020 –February 2021. Results of the study demonstrate stakeholders concern on the achievement of the SDGs and revealed that the embedding of several SDGs: number 3 (good health and well-being), 4 (quality education), 6 (clean water and sanitation), 12 (responsible consumption and production), 15 (life on land) into business process is considered by customers to be the of the highest priority. Authors believe that the study with its findings intends to benefit SDG implementation by business companies in Estonia and provides a pattern for further developments of sustainable policies and strategies. This work provides one of the first studies in Estonia contributing towards understanding of whether businesses are supposed to embed the SDGs into their activities as seen by customers.
Energy Research Infrastructures in Europe and Beyond: Mapping an Unmapped Landscape
Authors: Knudsen Mikkel Stein , Ferreira-Aulu Marianna Birmoser , Kaivo-oja Jari , Luukkanen Jyrki
Published: September 2021

European research and innovation policy highlights the importance of transnational scientific collaboration, International collaborations in science concentrates and magnifies resources for conducting research and foster innovation. Often, individual institutions, or even individual European countries, cannot provide the right capabilities by themselves. Joint facilities and Research Infrastructures (RIs) are therefore of high importance, and through Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe nearly €5 bn EU funding is set aside for these institutions. Considering the large-scale funding and the perceived importance of RIs, a better understanding of their roles, functions, and usefulness is highly relevant to of European integration studies. While ‘Research Infrastructures’ has become a fixed terminology of EU-policy, conceptually defining RIs remain a matter of academic debate. We contribute to the “what is an RI?”-discussion by synthesizing existing literature and presenting novel empirical data from the energy domain mapping of the Horizon 2020-project Research Infrastructures in the International Landscape (RISCAPE). We provide insights into the process of mapping an hitherto largely unknown landscape of global Energy RIs. These insights touch upon both definitional issues relevant to the RI-field and methodological concerns for future landscape analyses. Finally, the article suggests that when it comes to energy research, RI-terminology might be misplaced as a catchall modern synonym for “gold standard world-class science”.
Financial Literacy Self-Evaluation of Young People in Latvia
Authors: Dundure Evija , Sloka Biruta
Published: September 2021

Regular and proportionate voluntary savings in private pension funds can become an important part of oldage pensions. However, this can happen if the savings are made for a long period of time. This justifies the target group of the 3rd pension level, which are young people who have started to receive a regular income from their professional activity. One of the most discussed issues in promoting voluntary pension savings is the level of financial literacy. In addition to other motivating factors, such as financial incentives, the level of knowledge of the population about the opportunities to participate in the third pillar of pensions makes them want to build up voluntary savings. Effective communication of information to a precise target audience is one of the main tasks of government agencies in formulating pension policy. In order to assess the impact of various socio-economic factors on young people's knowledge of savings for pension formation, a survey of Latvian youth was conducted in February-March 2021, addressing youth organizations and universities. The survey is designed using closed and semi-closed questions, in several questions respondents were asked to provide ratings using the Likert scale. The survey provides answers to the question about the level of knowledge of Latvian youth about the current pension system, emphasizing the investor's right to handle investments in private pension funds, as well as the basic conditions for creating savings at the 2nd and 3rd pension levels. The task of the study was to analyze the respondents' financial literacy self-evaluation answers based on the main socio-economic factors - gender, age and income. The results of the study confirm that the level of financial literacy of young people differs according to age, gender and income level.
Social Entrepreneurship Intentions Among Business Students in Latvia
Authors: Vevere Velga , Cerkovskis Edgars , Sannikova Aija
Published: September 2021

Theoretical literature has identified a number of factors that determine social entrepreneurship intentions. Social entrepreneurs play an important role in the economic and social developments of the communities in which they operate. They are a special type of entrepreneur, driven by a variety of motives, including the alleviation of poverty, hunger or illiteracy; the improvement of human health; the reparation of social, legal or economic injustice; and the preservation of the environment for future generations. The career aspiration of social entrepreneurs can be encouraged if youths are given early educational exposure when they are young. The purpose of this study is to identify social entrepreneurship intentions among business students in Latvia. The tasks are the following: (1) to accomplish analysis of special literature; (2) to work out methodology; (3) to carry out the empirical research; (4) to work out conclusions. The empirical research involves the survey of business students, applying snowball sampling method and using 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. The results are interpreted using methods of descriptive and inferential statistics. The conclusions of the research have a practical value, as they make it possible to identify the problematic areas of business education in regard to the social entrepreneurship.
Actinomycetes as An Environmental Scrubber
Authors: Devanshi Sutaria , R. Shah Kamlesh , Arora Sudipti , Saxena Sonika
Published: September 2021

Biotechnological tools engaged in the bioremediation process are in reality, sophisticated and dynamic in character. For specialized reasons, a broad variety of such devices are employed to produce a safe and balanced environment free of all types of toxins and so make life simpler for humans on planet Earth. Actinomycetes is one of these extremely important and functionally helpful groups. They can be used for a variety of bioremediation objectives, including biotransformation, biodegradation, and many more. Actinomycetes are one of the most varied groups of filamentous bacteria, capable of prospering in a variety of ecological settings because to their bioactive capabilities. They’re famous for their metabolic diversity, which includes the synthesis of commercially useful primary and secondary metabolites. They produce a range of enzymes capable of totally destroying all of the constituents. They are well-known for their ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites. Members of various genera of Actinomycetes show promise for application in the bioconversion of underutilized urban and agricultural waste into high-value chemical compounds. The most potential source is a wide range of important enzymes, some of which are synthesized on an industrial scale, but there are many more that have yet to be discovered. Bioremediation methods, which use naturally existing microbes to clear residues and contaminated regions of dangerous organic chemicals, are improving all the time. In the realm of biotechnological science, the potential of actinomycetes for bioremediation and the synthesis of secondary metabolites has opened up intriguing prospects for a sustainable environment.
Trinitarian Doctrine in Fortunatian of Aquileia’s Commentarii in evangelia
Authors: Bogataj Jan Dominik ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Fortunatian’s Christology and Trinitarian theology that can be deduced from his recently found work Commentarii in evangelia and, by doing so, to present a general re-evaluation of his role in the political-doctrinal clashes at the middle of the 4th century. By investigating Fortunatian’s (Trinitarian) theology in relation to the prior early Latin Trinitarian doctrine and to different heterodox traditions, and ascertaining his doctrinal standpoint in the Arian controversy of the middle of the 4th century, his doctrine reveals itself to be far more Catholic and “pro-Nicene” – though remaining deeply rooted in the Latin theological tradition – that it was regarded before.
Spigolature pseudodidimiane
Authors: Segneri Angelo ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

The present study, after a quick codicological investigation of the two surviving manuscripts of the De trinitate by pseudo-Didymus, in which it is concluded that one is a copy of the other, focuses on the lexical analysis of the first book of the mutilated trinitarian treatise. By showing divergences from the authentic works of Didymus, alongside parallels with the writings of the Cappadocian Fathers, Cyril of Alexandria, Theodoret, of other late patristic authors, as well as with those of the Neoplatonic philosophers, in particular Proclus, the author concludes that the chronological position of De trinitate should not be before the end of the 5th century, and suggests a possible origin from an environment of Antiochene influence.
Il De immortalitate animae di Agostino nella critica più recente
Authors: Cipriani Nello ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

In De immortalitate animae Augustine is not satisfied with completing his proof of the immortality of the soul – which had been left open in the second book of the Soliloquies –; he also answers some possible objections, demonstrating that the rational soul cannot cease to exist, it cannot die, nor can it change into an irrational body or soul. Furthermore, remaining faithful to the programmatic declaration of never wanting to stray from the authority of Christ (Acad. 3, 20, 43), he specifies the ontological status of the soul by affirming that it is, in itself, mutable and therefore not of a divine nature, as Varro had argued. Nor is it a substance foreign to the body, as the Platonists claimed, because the soul has an appetitus ad corpus and, if it questions itself, it easily discovers that it desires nothing else «except to do something, to know with intelligence or with the senses, or only to live, as far as this is in its power» (nisi agendi aliquid, aut sciendi, aut sentiendi, aut tantummodo vivendi in quantum sua illi potestas est).
Lives, Lives, and Afterlives
Authors: McLaughlin A.E.T. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

Caesarius of Arles in his role as bishop struggled to guide his growing Christian community amid the political and religious fragmentation of early sixth-century Gaul. This article examines the ways in which he shaped his pastoral pedagogy to address the ecclesiological challenges of the post-Roman world. In his own life, in retelling the lives of saints, and in publishing his sermons, Caesarius variously reconceptualized “example” in order to teach ordinary Christians how to live out their faith in a universal church – a stable, if idealized, community that brought comfort in uncertain times. His innovative pedagogy also reshaped the complex administration of the expanding Gallic church. Caesarius thus created a pedagogy of example to fit the needs of his post-Roman community.
Doing Goethean Science
Authors: Holdrege Craig ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Practicing the Goethean approach to science involves heightened methodological awareness and sensitivity to the way we engage in the phenomenal worlds. We need to overcome our habit of viewing the world in terms of objects and leave behind the scientific propensity to explain via reification and reductive models. I describe science as a conversation with nature and how this perspective can inform a new scientific frame of mind. I then present the Goethean approach via a practical example (a study of a plant, skunk cabbage) and discuss some of the essential features of Goethean methodology and insight: the riddle; into the phenomenon; exact picture building; and seeing the whole.
Place, Goethe and Phenomenology: A Theoretic Journey
Authors: Cameron John ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This essay is a journey into the phenomenology of place and Goethe's science of nature by an Australian lecturer on the philosophies and practices of place-based education. It takes the form of a series of encounters with leading figures in the field— David Seamon, Henri Bortoft and Isis Brook, as well as an application of Goethean science to some granite outcroppings on the Cornish coast of England. The profundity of the phenomenological concepts of 'natural attitude' and 'lifeworld' is discussed together with ideas behind Goethe's participative and intuitive practices. Goethean science and phenomenology have enormous potential to deepen the experience, understanding and expression of place relationships, but they put challenging demands upon students and lecturers within the structure of a university subject.
Goethe and the Poetics of Science
Authors: Sepper Dennis L. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

In Representative Men, Ralph Waldo Emerson presented Goethe as the prototype of the writer elected by nature, and he identified Goethe's specific genius as "putting ever a thing for a word." But Goethe's talents as writer and poet have long seemed to scientific readers to undermine his efforts to be a scientist, and to talk of his, or any, poetics of science would involve a category mistake. But putting things to words—that is, filling and structuring what we say about the world with the content of experience—is what Goethe's investigations of nature aimed at. Considered as a philosophy of science, his method gives robust meaning and contemporary relevance to the term "poetics of science."
The Proteus Within
Authors: Root Christina ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

The essay examines passages from Henry David Thoreau's journal and Walden as illustrations of Goethe's phenomenological approach to nature, focusing on the influence on Thoreau of Goethe's discovery of metamorphosis as the generative principle of plants, and his proclamation that "first to last the plant is nothing but leaf." The essay shows how Goethe and Thoreau bring a poet's heightened awareness of language to their scientific observation of nature, and argues that their attention to figurative language, its limits as well as its possibilities, helps them and their readers to develop the needed flexibility to think along with rather than merely about nature.
Anschauung and the Archetype
Authors: Ebach Malte C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Comparative biology is afield that deals with morphology. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe recognised comparative biology, not as a passive science obsessed with counting similarities as it is today, but as an active field wherein he sought to perceive the inter-relationships of individual organisms to the organic whole, which he termed the archetype. I submit that Goethe's archetype and his application of a technique termed the Anschauung are rigorous and significant ways to conduct delicate empiricism in comparative biology. The future of comparative biology lies in the use of the Anschauung to communicate the archetype as a set of inter-relationships of homologues that we perceive intuitively. In this essay I present how the extension of our own intuitive perception forms the foundations of a method for seeing and discovering the archetype in comparative biology.
Goethe and the Molecular Aesthetic
Authors: Flannery Maura C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

I argue here that Goethe's "delicate empiricism" is not an alternative approach to science, but an approach that scientists use consistently, though they usually do not label it as such. I further contend that Goethe's views are relevant to today's science, specifically to work on the structure of macromolecules such as proteins. Using the work of Agnes Arber, a botanist and philosopher of science, I will show how her writings help to relate Goethe's work to present-day issues of cognition and perception.
Goethe: A Science Which Does Not Eat the Other
Authors: Bywater Bill ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

In this essay I hope to demonstrate that Goethe's delicate empiricism is a science of life in all of its forms. To gain a full understanding of life, Goethe's method requires that the scientist respect and treasure life. I argue that to accomplish this goal one must become an apprentice to life. Becoming an apprentice to life requires that one refuses to eat the Other. This implies that Goethe's method can be fruitfully employed by anyone who seeks social justice. First, I elaborate on bell hooks idea of eating the Other using several African American social critics. Then, I explain Goethe's delicate empiricism by contrasting it to the science of his day which was grounded in Bacon and Descartes and elaborated by Kant. Finally, by expanding upon Elizabeth Spelman's discussion of apprenticeship, I develop the idea of a Goethean apprentice who is a practitioner of a science of life based on a morality which opposes eating the Other.
Emerging Out of Goethe
Authors: Kaplan Allan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Written by a social development practitioner, this paper applies a Goethean approach to the social sphere. The contention being that the Goethean method and understanding can be extended to working with social development processes; equally, that facilitation of social process is enhanced and deepened through a Goethean sensibility. The bulk of the paper, book ended by two obliquely apposite short stories, follows the process of a collaborative enquiry (facilitated by the author) during which participants reflected on a particular social phenomenon. The paper is an illustration of the value of the Goethean approach not only to the (social) phenomenon itself but to the sensibility of participants and groups which undertake it. It also serves to extend the realm of Goethean application into a sphere which is in desperate need of such sensibility.
Doubt as a Political Virtue
Authors: Cassam Quassim ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This article explicates the notion of doubt and the relationship of doubt to belief and conviction. It distinguishes three types of political virtue—leadership, systemic, and corrective—and considers whether doubt is a political virtue in any of these three senses. It is argued that while doubt is not a leadership virtue, it is a systemic and a corrective virtue. Specifically, it is potentially an antidote to methods, ideological, and psychological extremism. A distinction is drawn between extremism and forms of radicalism that have resulted in social progress. It is possible for doubt to play a role in countering extremism without thereby also countering progressive radicalism. The concluding section develops a theory of deradicalization and identifies the role of radical doubt in deradicalization programmes. The proposed empirically informed account of deradicalization highlights the role of narratives in radicalization and deradicalization.
Primary thrombolysis for free flap surgery in head and neck reconstruction: a case report and review
Authors: Zhang Steven Liben , Ng Hui Wen
Published: September 2021

The use of free flaps is an essential and reliable method of reconstruction in complex head and neck defects. Flap failure remains the most feared complication, the most common cause being pedicle thrombosis. Among other measures, thrombolysis is useful when manual thrombectomy has failed to restore flap perfusion, in the setting of late or established thrombosis, or in arterial thrombosis with distal clot propagation. We report a case of pedicle arterial thrombosis with distal clot propagation which occurred during reconstruction of a maxillectomy defect, and was successfully treated with thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. We also review the literature regarding the use of thrombolysis in free flap surgery, and propose an algorithm for the salvage of free flaps in head and neck reconstruction.
Evaluation and treatment of facial feminization surgery: part I. forehead, orbits, eyebrows, eyes, and nose
Authors: Dang Brian N. , Hu Allison C. , Bertrand Anthony A. , Chan Candace H. , Jain Nirbhay S. , Pfaff Miles J. , Lee James C. , Lee Justine C.
Published: September 2021

Facial feminization surgery (FFS) incorporates aesthetic and craniofacial surgical principles and techniques to feminize masculine facial features and facilitate gender transitioning. A detailed understanding of the defining male and female facial characteristics is essential for success. In this first part of a two-part series, we discuss key aspects of the general preoperative consultation that should be considered when evaluating the prospective facial feminization patient. Assessment of the forehead, orbits, hairline, eyebrows, eyes, and nose and the associated procedures, including scalp advancement, supraorbital rim reduction, setback of the anterior table of the frontal sinus, rhinoplasty, and soft tissue modifications of the upper and midface are discussed. In the second part of this series, bony manipulation of the midface, mandible, and chin, as well as soft tissue modification of the nasolabial complex and chondrolaryngoplasty are discussed. Finally, a review of the literature on patient-reported outcomes in this population following FFS is provided.
Latissimus dorsi detrusor myoplasty for bladder acontractility: a systematic review
Authors: Forte Antonio Jorge , Boczar Daniel , Huayllani Maria Tereza , Moran Steven , Okanlami Oluwaferanmi O. , Ninkovic Milomir , Broer Peter N.
Published: September 2021

Bladder acontractility affects several thousand patients in the United States, but the available therapies are limited. Latissimus dorsi detrusor myoplasty (LDDM) is a therapeutic option that allows patients with bladder acontractility to void voluntarily. Our goal was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to determine whether LDDM is a better option than clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) (standard treatment) in patients with bladder acontractility. On January 17, 2020, we conducted a systematic review of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Clinical Answers, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, without time frame limitations, to identify articles on the use of LDDM for bladder acontractility. Of 75 potential articles, 4 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The use of LDDM to treat patients with bladder acontractility was reported in four case series by the same group in Europe. Fifty-eight patients were included, and no comparison groups were included. The most common cause of bladder acontractility was spinal cord injury (n=36). The mean (±standard deviation) operative time was 536 (±22) minutes, postoperative length of hospital stay ranged from 10 to 13 days, and follow-up ranged from 9 to 68 months. Most patients had complete response, were able to void voluntarily, and had post-void residual volume less than 100 mL. Although promising outcomes have been obtained, evidence is still weak regarding whether LDDM is better than CIC to avoid impairment of the urinary tract among patients with bladder acontractility. Further prospective studies with control groups are necessary.
EMOCIÓN, BELLEZA Y AMOR… LA EDUCACIÓN ESTÉTICA EN LA REVISTA PEDAGÓGICA ESCUELAS DE ESPAÑA (1929-1936)
Authors: Ortiz de Santos Rosa , Torrego Egido Luis
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se presenta un estudio sobre la revista Escuelas de España, publicada entre 1929 y 1936, en el que se analizan las referencias a la educación estética que pueden encontrarse en los artículos de la publicación. A través de las cinco fases del modelo de investigación histórico-educativa y sirviéndose de un análisis de contenido cualitativo para la interpretación de los resultados, se analizan todos los ejemplares de la revista. Se evidencia la importancia que en la revista se concede a la educación estética y la influencia que ejerce la Institución Libre de Enseñanza en la concepción de ese tipo de educación: en un 87% de los ejemplares de la revista, y de forma continuada, se tratan aspectos relacionados con la educación estética. La educación estética se estima indispensable para lograr la educación integral, pues se considera que una educación que no contemple el respeto, el conocimiento y la interpretación de lo bello no es una educación completa.
De músico, poeta y loco… Las representaciones colectivas del artista y su vivencia en la subjetividad de su aprendiz.
Authors: Guerrero Bocanegra Borja , Mora Queipo Ernesto
Published: September 2021

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación etnográfica en la cual, a través de una muestra dirigida de sujetos tipo, se han estudiado las representaciones colectivas construidas en torno al “artista”, y la incidencia de éstas en la subjetividad, toma de decisiones e identidades de los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en las carreras de danza y creación teatral (artes escénicas), de la Universidad de las Artes (Guayaquil, Ecuador), durante el segundo periodo académico del año 2019. La realización y procesamiento de entrevistas semiestructuradas permitió determinar la presencia de cuatro elementos fundamentales en la construcción social del artista en este contexto sociocultural: 1) La determinante vocación del estudiante, 2) La presencia de estereotipos asociados al arte y los artistas, 3) La familia con sus temores y esperanzas, apoyos y oposiciones, y 4) La sociedad con sus concretas oportunidades de formación e inciertas posibilidades para el desarrollo profesional. En la totalidad de los estudiantes entrevistados, la construcción de la “persona” del artista, hace distancia de las representaciones ególatras, para remarcar su vocación de servicio.
La imagen como experiencia
Authors: Monleón Oliva Vicente
Published: September 2021

RESEÑA "La imagen como experiencia"
Analyser les pratiques professionnelles : exigences d’un accompagnement
Authors: Cifali Mireille
Published: September 2021

Le texte présente une « posture clinique » mise en oeuvre dans l’accompagnement des pratiques professionnelles. Il développe la manière dont se construit un savoir de l’expérience. Il spécifie ainsi plusieurs repères éthiques fondamentaux, qui écartent cette posture de celle d’une transmission d’un savoir disciplinaire : notamment la présence à l’autre; une attention à des situations qui peuvent paraître insignifiantes au premier regard; une confiance chez le formateur (une « bonne veillance ») qui s’associe à l’assomption de sa propre vulnérabilité et qui mobilise une intelligence partagée permettant une compréhension originale des situations. Le texte met en garde contre les usages abusifs de l’expression « analyse des pratiques » dès lors qu’elle ne résulte pas du saut épistémologique engagé par une démarche clinique.
Recherche codisciplinaire sur les pratiques enseignantes : quels modes de coopération avec les praticiens observés?
Authors: Blanchard-Laville Claudine , Chaussecourte Philippe , Roditi Éric
Published: September 2021

La codisciplinarité ne résulte pas d’une simple juxtaposition d’approches, mais de la construction d’une coopération entre chercheures et chercheurs, respectueuse des paradigmes interprétatifs de chacun, et qui développe une éthique particulière de la relation des chercheurs aux sujets-objets de recherche. Dans notre équipe codisciplinaire, des modalités singulières sont inventées chaque fois pour nouer une relation chercheurs-praticiens authentique, respectueuse des sujets, évitant à la fois la rigidité d’une forme protocolaire et la réduction à une problématique du don et de la dette entre chercheurs et praticiens. Si la collaboration que nous construisons avec la praticienne ou le praticien comporte de nombreuses similitudes avec une recherche collaborative, il y a pour nous un souci de distinction des places et des préoccupations de chacun des partenaires qui nous conduit à affirmer davantage l’asymétrie de la relation chercheur praticien. Néanmoins nous évitons toute intrumentalisation de l’enseignante ou de l’enseignant avec lequel nous collaborons grâce à un travail spécifique mené dans nos réunions. Nous élaborons des moyens, d’une part pour rendre potentielles des évolutions latentes chez la praticienne ou le praticien en respectant leur temporalité, et d’autre part pour développer un assouplissement de ses capacités psychiques lui permettant à la fois de mieux habiter son geste professionnel et de mieux soutenir sa place d’enseignant. Enfin, nous l’accompagnons dans la réception et dans la compréhension de nos analyses.
Diffusion enhancement of the particle in disorder medium by biased force
Authors: Fan Li-Ming , Bao Jing-Dong ,   Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Published: September 2021

The diffusion dynamics of a particle in the biased disorder medium is investigated in this paper. Based on the mean first passage time (MFPT) theory, the analytical approximate expression of effective diffusion coefficient of a particle in the biased disorder potential is obtained. The results show that the effective diffusion of a particle in the biased disorder potential is significantly enhanced. We explain the enhancement mechanism by using the wave packet broadening of probability density distribution function. In addition, we propose the concepts of effective kinetic temperature and effective friction, and further find that the effective diffusion behavior of a particle strongly depends on the biased force.
Local adaptation and archaic introgression shape global diversity at human structural variant loci
Authors: Yan Stephanie M , Sherman Rachel M , Taylor Dylan J , Nair Divya R , Bortvin Andrew N , Schatz Michael C , McCoy Rajiv C
Published: September 2021

Large genomic insertions and deletions are a potent source of functional variation, but are challenging to resolve with short-read sequencing, limiting knowledge of the role of such structural variants (SVs) in human evolution. Here, we used a graph-based method to genotype long-read-discovered SVs in short-read data from diverse human genomes. We then applied an admixture-aware method to identify 220 SVs exhibiting extreme patterns of frequency differentiation – a signature of local adaptation. The top two variants traced to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, tagging a haplotype that swept to near fixation in certain southeast Asian populations, but is rare in other global populations. Further investigation revealed evidence that the haplotype traces to gene flow from Neanderthals, corroborating the role of immune-related genes as prominent targets of adaptive introgression. Our study demonstrates how recent technical advances can help resolve signatures of key evolutionary events that remained obscured within technically challenging regions of the genome.
A novel air quality monitoring and improvement system based on wireless sensor and actuator networks using LoRa communication
Authors: Truong Truong Van , Nayyar Anand , Masud Mehedi
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we study the air quality monitoring and improvement system based on wireless sensor and actuator network using LoRa communication. The proposed system is divided into two parts, indoor cluster and outdoor cluster, managed by a Dragino LoRa gateway. Each indoor sensor node can receive information about the temperature, humidity, air quality, dust concentration in the air and transmit them to the gateway. The outdoor sensor nodes have the same functionality, add the ability to use solar power, and are waterproof. The full-duplex relay LoRa modules which are embedded FreeRTOS are arranged to forward information from the nodes they manage to the gateway via uplink LoRa. The gateway collects and processes all of the system information and makes decisions to control the actuator to improve the air quality through the downlink LoRa. We build data management and analysis online software based on The Things Network and TagoIO platform. The system can operate with a coverage of 8.5 km, where optimal distances are established between sensor nodes and relay nodes and between relay nodes and gateways at 4.5 km and 4 km, respectively. Experimental results observed that the packet loss rate in real-time is less than 0.1% prove the effectiveness of the proposed system.