bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convalescent plasma operations during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Turkish Red Crescent’s experience
Authors: Çetiner Eda , Canpolat Şeyda , Çöplen Sıdıka Selin , Kaya Zeynep , Karadere Begül , Kalender Metin , Hafizoğlu Nurettin , Kınık Kerem , Yılmaz Fatma Meriç
Published: March 2022

After COVID-19 was first observed in Wuhan at the end of 2019, it spread all over the world and became a pandemic which has yet to end. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) suggested that convalescent plasma obtained from individuals who’ve recovered from COVID-19 might be helpful in treating COVID-19 infections, and this treatment has started to be applied in various countries. Convalescent plasma started to be used in Turkey to treat COVID-19 as per a decision of the Ministry of Health. The Turkish Red Crescent has been placed in charge of the convalescent plasma supply. In this scope, objectives for recruiting convalescent plasma donors have been set in motion. The supply of convalescent plasma required for COVID -19 treatment has been conducted in three main stages: managing the course of operations, determining donor selection criteria, and recruiting donors. For the course of operations, convalescent plasma donation centers have been founded, and a national reference guide has been prepared about convalescent plasma donations in addition to documents for providing standard practices in line with this guide. Convalescent plasma donor selection criteria have been defined, followed by convalescent plasma donor recruitment strategies. This study summarizes the Turkish Red Crescent’s experiences and the strategies used to encourage individuals to donate convalescent plasma.
Analisis Makna Bahasa dalam Prosesi Kesenian Jaran Jenggo Aswo Kaloko Joyo dalam Tradisi Khitanan
Authors: Zawawi Abdullah , Hadi Abd.
Published: March 2022

Jaran Jenggo Art is a traditional art of the Solokuro Village community that has long lived and developed in the community of its supporters. This art is a procession of art combined with attractions performed by horses and handlers. This study aims to determine the signs, symbols, and meanings contained in Jaran Jenggo art. Secondary data is obtained from several literature literature. Such as books, internet sites, and others related to the object of a research. This study uses a qualitative approach. Search data process begins with observing  participation in Jaran Jenggo art performances in Solokuro Lamongan Village. Search data was carried out starting Agusts 27 - Oktober 28 2020. This study used in-depth interviews with art owners Jaran Jenggo, teams, and spectators. The results of this study discuss the signs, symbols, and meanings of each activity process using semiotic studies.
Sistem Bagi Hasil dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Antara Pemilik Kapal Nelayan dan Anak Buah Kapal di Desa Paloh Paciran Lamongan
Authors: Mushthofa R. Zainul , Aminah Siti
Published: March 2022

The Muslim fishing community in Paloh Village, Paciran District, Lamongan Regency chooses and makes the sea a halal livelihood besides trading, because they liveon the coast of the Java sea. Almost all the men in the village work as crew members of fishing boats. For those who have capital, all the facilities and infrastructure at sea have been fulfilled, but for those who do not have capital, they are only members of a fishing boat. For those who do not have capital and want to become the leader of a fishing boat (Javanese: Jeragan), they seek capital not by borrowing money from banks or highrisk moneylenders, but looking for capital from rich people who want to build fishing boats for work. The principle of cooperation between fishing boat owners and skippers and their members already has arguments, which guide their lives as Muslims. The principle of cooperation that applies is whether it is completely in accordance with Islamic teachings or only partially or is it deviating, that is what the author needs to explore more deeply, so that the author intends to conduct this research.
Pengaruh School Well-Being terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa di Madrasah Aliyah Ma'arif 7 Sunan Drajat Lamongan
Authors: Hasanah Muhimmatul , Sutopo Sutopo
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of school well-being on student motivation at Madrasah Aliyah Ma’arif 7 Sunan Drajat Lamongan. The hypothesis proposed is that there is an effect of school well-being on student motivation at Madrasah Aliyah Ma’arif 7 Sunan Drajat Lamongan. The subjects in this study were 150 students at Madrasah Aliyah Ma’arif 7 Sunan Drajat Lamongan. Taking the subject using purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique uses a school well-being level measurement tool and a learning motivation measurement tool that is arranged with a modified likert scale model. The analysis technique used to analized the data in this study is Simple Linier Regression with SPSS statistical programe. The result showed that the value of R square or the coefficient of determination was 0,565 from school well-being variable.  The R square value of  0,565 indicate the effect of the independent variable (school well-being) on the dependent variable (learning motivation) of 56,5% while the remaining 43,5% is influenced by other variabels not examined.
An Experimental Study Related to School Adjustment of Children in the Preschool Period
Authors: Karaman Omer
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to support the resolution of problems experienced due to preschool children not adjusting to school at the start of first schooling. Thus, problems leading to school rejection and many other probable issues will be prevented. The experimental study about orientation problems occurring in students newly starting preschool used a semi-experimental method with implementations to ensure school adjustment. The study included 53 students with ages between 60-72 months with frequent school absenteeism due to a variety of reasons. Parents of selected students were given information and the general lines of the Designed Adjustment Program (DAP) were explained. The study applied to the students who could not adapt to the school and have experienced school refusal included a preparation phase for a maximum of 1 week. Afterwards, it covers a minimum of 8 and a maximum of 12 days of application. Accordingly, all students in the experimental group to whom DAP implemented adjusted to school, while 66.7% of students in the placebo group and 61.5% of students in the control group were identified to adjust to school. In conclusion, it was identified that the parental training about duties falling to parents during school adjustment provided positive results, individual studies actively including parents, school and teachers were more effective, peer acceptance was important for adjustment to school, there was a need to use social skill acquirements, and girls were more successful at adjustment to school compared to boys.
Teaching in Tough Times: Examining EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Online Learning Challenges in the Context of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saleh Alaa Mamoun , Meccawy Zilal
Published: March 2022

The global spread of online learning is noticeable and has further expanded due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this mode of learning is effective, several concerns have been raised by teachers. This qualitative study aimed to explore English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ perceptions of the online learning environment in order to uncover the challenges they face while teaching online. To achieve this objective, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 EFL teachers from the Preparatory Year Program (PYP) at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia to examine their perceptions of online teaching. The transcribed interviews were coded using NVivo®, after which a thematic analysis was employed to reveal the emerging themes. The results showed challenges related to four main themes: students; institution; teachers; and the system, as well as a number of sub-themes. This study found that the most significant challenge that EFL teachers faced in an online learning environment was related to students, specifically their participation, motivation, tendency to cheat during online exams, and not taking responsibility for their learning. Another major challenge was the result of copying face-to-face learning to the online learning environment without making suitable adjustments. This research also shed light on some of the negative consequences of online learning for EFL teachers; its findings could help institutions and policymakers to modify content and support teachers by training them to develop their online teaching skills.
The Relief in the Context of the Teaching of Physical-Natural Themes in the Teaching of Geography
Authors: Carvalho Bruna Lima , Sobrinho José Falcão , Araújo Raimundo Lenilde de
Published: March 2022

This work aims to understand the importance of relief and how it is addressed in geography teaching. Supporting, including its different meanings. To carry out this work, a wide bibliographic research was carried out on the theme. As results it was possible to perceive that the theme relief presents a significant contribution to the student’s education, in addition this theme can be studied at different levels and contexts, having the possibility of even relating to the reality of the student, in order to situate it and provide a critical and reflective thought of the environment in which it lives. It is concluded that the use of teaching practices auxiliary to the textbook are necessary for a significant predizing.
A Study On Python Web Application Framework
Authors: Thoutam Vivek
Published: March 2022

Django is an accessible information web functionality framework for building internet
applications in Python. An internet function platform in its entirety is an option of options,
set as well as finest techniques that permit the growth of internet functionalities along with compelling internet site. Django is based upon the Model-Template-View style as well as also provides a dividing of the version of the report coming from business rules as well as also the interface. This paper provides a detailed study on python web application
framework.
Practical Approach Of Implementing Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Vasista Kola
Published: March 2022

Machine Learning(ML) is conducted in various fields such as pc point of view, speech verification, natural language processing, internet hunt, biotech, risk control, cyber safety and security as well as security, and also a bunch of others. It is the clinical analysis of obtaining computers to respond without being programmed, nonetheless somewhat is actually "set up through example."
Physical Design, Origins And Applications Of Iot
Authors: Thoutam Vivek
Published: March 2022

While The Condition "Internet Of Things" Is Relatively Brand-New, The Concept Of
Integrating Pcs As Well As Added Bodies To Track As Well As Control Units Have Been Around For
Decades. Due To The Past Due 1970s, As An Example, Tools From Another Location Checking Out
Meters On The Power Platform Via Telephone Lines Were In Fact In Industrial Consumption. In The
1990s, Developments In Cord-Free Contemporary Innovation Made It Possible For "Machine-- To--
Machine" (M2m) Project As Well As Industrial Remedies For Device Tracking As Well As Likewise
Techniques To End Up Being Wide-Spread. This Paper Provides The Information About Physical
Design And Applications Of Iot.
Poor Sleep Quality And Associated Factors Among Individuals In COVID-19 Quarantine Center, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
Authors: kassaw Chalachew , Eskeziya Alem , Endashaw Habtamu
Published: March 2022

Background: Covid -19 is continuing as world health emergency issue and quarantine centers are still serving suspected cases of the pandemic in different parts of the country. Being isolated from the community for a certain period of time due the pandemic disturbs the sleep physiology of an individual. Sleep is vital for preventing the occurrence of mental illness and susceptibility to infection. So, this study aimed to measure the magnitude and determinants of poor sleep quality among individuals in quarantine center of Dilla town, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods: This study was a quarantine based cross sectional study design conducted from Apr 10 - 30, 2020. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the participants. Face-to-face interviewer-administered methods was used to collect the data from the participants. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-7) standard assessment tool was used to measure the poor sleep quality of each participant. Variables with p-value < 0.05 will be considered at multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Finally Adjusted odds ratio (AOR), with 95% Confidence interval was estimated and interpreted for significant predictors of the outcome variable.
Results: This study enrolled 203 participants with 100 % response rate. The average age of the participants was 35 years old and nearly half 112 (55%) of participants were females. Among all participants, 85 (41.8%) of them had poor sleep quality. Being married (AOR= 2.84, 95% CI: 1.23- 6.21), age 35+ (AOR= 8.16, 95% CI: 4.03-15.1) and > 15 KM residence distance from the quarantine center (AOR= 4.12, 95% CI: 2.35- 8.89) were positively associated with poor sleep quality.
Conclusions: This study revealed that poor sleep quality was a major psychological problem identified among communities living in the quarantine center. The most affected groups were married, age 35+, and > 15 kilometer residence distance from the quarantine center. Therefore, Intervening sleep in the quarantine center is vital to enhance their mental and physical wellbeing.
Role Of Family Environment And School Environment In Depression Among Adolescents
Authors: Kaur Khushpreet
Published: March 2022

Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among every age group. It has a negative effect on physical as well as mental health of adolescence. Depression is a state of low mood that can affect a person’s thoughts, behavior, feelings, and sense of well-being. Depression is curse in which a person loses his interest in daily life. Depression among adolescents is rising in all over world. Depression could be genetic as well as environmental. One in every five adolescents is likely to experience depression by the age of 18. Depression is the most common problem among adolescents. There are many factors that determine depression but the most important among them are School environment and family environment. In this paper, we are discussing about role of school and family environment in depression. The school provides well-organized environment to a child that ensures the all-around development of the child. School’s environment provides a great number of activities on a campus. A child spends a significant amount of time in school for acquiring knowledge and skills that helps him to be ready for future. The school has an important impact on the life of child and also has an influence on growth and development of child. The school gives a shape to the life of child. Family especially mother is the first school for a child and also a miniature society for children. The children’s experiences in family affect their expectations and capacities for social living in different stages of life. Family is the most important variable which influences the development of a child. Family environment is the first social setting in which an infant takes birth and start learning. Family is the second place in which a child spends most of his time after school. Informal learning of a child starts from his family.
Het leefklimaat in penitentiaire inrichtingen: een overzicht van onderzoek uit de Lage Landen
Authors: Goossens Elien , Daems Tom
Published: March 2022

The prison climate: an overview of research in the Netherlands and Belgium

In recent years scientific interest in various aspects of prison climate has increased exponentially. At first, such research was being initiated and undertaken predominantly within Anglo-Saxon penology but, more recently, research into prison climate is also increasingly taking place elsewhere, including in the Netherlands and Belgium. In this article the authors offer an overview of Dutch and Belgian research on prison climate. They discuss the literature from two broad angles: first, the characteristics of prisons and incarcerated individuals that determine the quality of prison climate; and, second, research on the impact of prison climate on inmates themselves.
An Implementation of Self-Driving Car
Authors: R Patil Dr. Shobha , Parvatikar Kishor , P Chetana Prathiksha , Biradar Bhagyawant , Mudagal Vidyashri
Published: March 2022

In the era of automation, car manufacturers have been at their technological peak. While companies like Tesla and BMW are out there testing driverless cars, their main aim is to make the technology a household thing in years to come. The Self Driving Car project is a small scaled project designed to run a miniature car using technology like machine learning. The project consists of both hardware and software aspects, from building it from the scratch to making it run on the homemade track. This project will include object detection, lane detection, traffic signal lights processing, turn indicators and many more. To put all of these in a nutshell, it is a vehicle that is capable of sensing it’s environment and navigating without human input. a team of four guys will be working hard to make a miniature car run on itself without a driver, using the present-day technologies such as machine learning and IOT.
Review – ISO/IEC 24760-3:2016 Information technology — Security techniques — A framework for identity management — Part 3: Practice
Authors: Bago Espen
Published: March 2022

The document reviewed here is the third and final part of the ISO/IEC 24760 standard, focusing on “Practice”, which in the abstract is described as providing “guidance for the management of identity information and for ensuring that an identity management system conforms to ISO/IEC 24760-1 and ISO/IEC 24760-2”. Parts 1 and 2 covers “Terminology and concepts” and “Reference architecture and requirements”. ISO/IEC 24760-3 is in its first edition, dated 2016-08.
Terminology in the IDPro Body of Knowledge
Authors: Flanagan (Editor) Heather
Published: March 2022

Editor’s Note: This is a consolidated list of the terminology highlighted in each of the articles published in the BoK. It is not, by any means, a definitive or even broadly supported set of definitions; the context an individual reader brings to the table will influence how accurate the terminology for their use case. We offer the consolidated list here as a touchpoint for discussion. Please consider offering feedback to the articles that use these terms via the IDPro GitHub repository: https://github.com/IDPros/bok
A Peek into the Future of Decentralized Identity (v2)
Authors: Sorokin Leo
Published: March 2022

As digital transformation sweeps across the globe, it has affected everyone – from citizens to employees, from corporations to governments. Digital identity is a foundational enabler for business processes in the digital economy. Decentralized identity is the next evolution of digital identity capabilities and brings with it an opportunity to streamline how people interact with other institutions, physical objects, and with one another. This paper considers the future world of decentralized identity and offers clarity around the benefits of decentralized identity, terminology, sample scenario, and a sample technical implementation, while also addressing some of the limitations of this model. This paper further grounds the reader in the current state of decentralized identity capabilities while outlining the evolution of identity practices from past to present.
Federation in the Enterprise
Authors: Lunney Patrick
Published: March 2022

This article describes the fundamentals of enterprise identity federations, focusing on SAML and OpenID Connect (a protocol built on OAuth2.0). It will also contain common scenarios where federations are used and high-level terminology. Academic identity federations are out of scope but are mentioned briefly for comparison.
"Laws Governing Identity Systems" Has Been Updated
Authors: Flanagan Heather
Published: March 2022

The article "Laws Governing Identity Systems," originally published on 30 March 2020, has been updated as of 30 June 2021.
Authentication and Authorization
Authors: Epping Michael , Morowczynski Mark
Published: March 2022

This article describes the fundamentals of authentication and authorization, two core components of Identity and Access Management. It also delves into federation and Identity Providers, common tools for performing authentication and authorization in an organization.
Laws Governing Identity Systems (v2)
Authors: Smedinghoff Thomas J.
Published: March 2022

Identity systems and their participants are governed by a myriad and complex set of laws, regulations, and contractual requirements. This article offers a high-level overview of the legal environment that governs identity systems, focusing on three different levels of legal rules: General Law, Generic Identity System Law, and Individual Identity System Rules.
Editor's Note
Authors: Flanagan Heather
Published: March 2022

Editor's Note for Issue 6 of the IDPro Body of Knowledge
Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang ASI Ekslusif di Klinik Bersalin Tanti Depok
Authors: Firdaus Anisa , Siringoringo Lince , Hunun Widiastuti Sri , Butarbutar Samsinar
Published: March 2022

Anak mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkan air susu ibu secara ekslusif selama 6 bulan pertama kehidupannya, karena memiliki komposisi gizi yang seimbang untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang air susu ibu eksklusif di Klinik Bersalin Tanti Depok. Desain penelitian adalah one group pre-test dan post-test dengan pendekatan metode Action Research. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 30 responden, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data didapatkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, dianalisis dengan analisis univariate. Hasil penelitian didapatkan: ibu yang mempunyai pengetahuan cukup sebelum diberi pendidikan kesehatan 14 responden (46,7%) dan setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan meningkat menjadi 30 responden (100%). Peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 36,7 %. Kesimpulan penelitian adanya pengaruh setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan pada tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang ASI Ekslusif. Diharapkan bagi klinik dapat bermanfaat agar bisa meningkatkan cakupan pemberian ASI Ekslusif dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya dengan mencari hubungan atau analisa faktor yang mempengaruhi pemberian ASI Ekslusif
Pengaruh Kompres Hangat Terhadap Suhu Tubuh pada Pasien Hipertermi di Rumah Sakit PGI CIKINI
Authors: Tiyel Ardianson , Aji Yohanes Gamayana Trimawang , Yemina Loritta , Yenny Yenny
Published: March 2022

Peneliti menjelaskan tentang hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan yaitu tentang pengaruh kompres hangat terhadap suhu tubuh pada pasien hipertermi. Penjelasan tersebut meliputi gambaran karakteristik responden yaitu umur responden, jenis kelamin,. Selain itu, peneliti juga menyajikan tentang analisis bivariat dengan uji statistik paired sample    T- Test.

Hasil analisis didapatkan rata-rata umur responden adalah 33,27 tahun dengan standar deviation 13,87. Pada umur 18 tahun samai 60 tahun.. Hasil confidence interval dapat disimpulkan 95 % diyakini bahwa umur rata-rata responden adalah diantara 25.58 tahun – 40,95 tahun.   Suhu tubuh wanita dan pria yang berusia 60 tahun ke atas lebih rendah dibandingkan suhu tubuh orang yang lebih muda. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 15 responden yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki 10 orang dan perempuan 5 orang, dari hasil analisis didapatkan data bahwa dari 10 responden laki-laki didapatkan presentasi sebesar 66,7% dan untuk perempuan 33,3% dengan total presentasi 100%. Suhu sebelum dilakukan tindakan kompres hangat adalah 38, 57˚C, setelah dilakukan kompres hangat adalah 38.09 ˚C. Sehingga ada penurunan sebesar 0,48°C
QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDREN WITH CRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY; REVIEW
Authors: Dewi Iga
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in children will have an impact on the quality of life in chidren, to be able to continue the growth and development of children with ESRD, renal replacement therapy, dialysis, end renal transplant, is needed. Purpose: To identify in the literature studie that evaluate the quality of life in children with CKD undergoing  renal replacement therapy end validated instruments in Pediatrics. Method: review of the literature with searches conducted in the following database: Medline, Pubmed, Proques, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases were searched from 2010 to 2020 in quality of life in children  with  CKD undergoing  renal replacement therapy. Studies were included following criteria (1) quality of life in children with CKD (2) Instruments QOL in children (3) study were included renal replacement therapy: peritoneal dyalisis, hemodialisis, and renal tranplantik. (4) the full-text article was available in English. Results: eight studies were included in this review. Included that evaluated the quality of life of children  with CKD undergoing renal replacement therapi  by means of evaluation instruments of quality of life. Conclusion: Quality of Life in Children with various QOL instruments from eight articles concluded that QOL is better in children who have undergone kidney transplantation, compared to children with PD and HD. QOL of children with PD was better than children with HD in all domains
Analisis Hukum Zakat Menurut UU.38 Tahun 1999 dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Ridwan Mohammad
Published: March 2022

This study has the aim to be formulated, namely knowing: 1) Analysis of Law No. 38 of 1999 in terms of management, and utilization of zakat; 2) Relevance of Law Number 38 of 1999 on the management of zakat. The research method uses descriptive qualitative by collecting data using observation, library research, and documentation. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that 1) Analysis of zakat based on the Act. No. 38 of 1999 explained that the management of zakat is the activity of planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling the collection and distribution and utilization of zakat, 2) The relevance of zakat law in the law no.38 of 1999 concerning zakat has links with Islamic law, especially related to Islamic law with amyl. The relationship between amil and zakat that has been legislated has many connections, namely the formation of amil zakat institutions formed by the local government as zakat houses.
Model Matematika SEIPRS Penyebaran Penyakit Pneumonia dengan Pengaruh Vaksinasi dan Pengobatan
Authors: Beta Muhammad Afrizal , Mokoginta Karmila , Nadiyyah Ana
Published: March 2022

Pneumonia is an infection or acute inflammation located in the lung tissue and is caused by several microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi and even exposure to chemicals or physical damage. In this article, we discuss the SEIPRS mathematical model on the spread of pneumonia. The SEIPRS mathematical model is formed from five interacting populations, namely the Susceptible population is healthy individuals but susceptible to pneumonia which is denoted by S, the Exposed population is latent individuals or exposed to pneumonia which is denoted by E, the Infected population is individuals infected with pneumonia which is denoted by I, and the treatment population is infected individuals who are given treatment denoted by P, and the recovered population is the recovered population denoted by R. In this article, the search for equilibrium points in the SEIPRS mathematical model and stability analysis is carried out. The analysis in this model produces two equilibrium points, namely the equilibrium point without disease at the condition R0<1, the endemic equilibrium point R0>1, and the basic reproduction number (R0) as the threshold value for the spread of disease. In this study, simulations were carried out with variations in parameter values ​​to see population dynamics. Population results show that increasing rates of vaccination and treatment can reduce the rate of spread of pneumonia.
Enhancement of band gap and electrical conductivity properties of TiO2 nanowire by Ni with hydrothermal method
Authors: Masae Mahamasuhaimi , Sririkun Witthaya , Kongsong Peerawas
Published: March 2022

Nickel doped Titanium dioxide phase B nanowires (Ni/TiO2(B) NWs) were successfully fabricated by a hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, UV-vis and XPS spectroscopy. The FE-SEM images of the surface morphology showed that the size of nickel doped TiO2(B) phase crystal was small (19 – 29 nm). The results indicated that the uniform Ni doped TiO2(B) nanowires with a length of about 5 µm and an average diameter of about ∼204.80 nm were produced. The result also showed composite with 4 mol% Ni doped TiO2(B) NWs phase exhibited optimum photocatalytic activity for the synergeric effects of electrical conductivity and band gap energy. The properties study of Ni/TiO2(B) NWs leading to a new applications of high-performance materials as solar cells, electronics batteries and many other applications.
A comparative study of one‒step and two‒step activated carbon from longan seeds by dry chemical activation with NaOH
Authors: Wanprakhon Supachai , Sukcharoen Pattamaporn , Krongchai Suteekarn
Published: March 2022

This research aims to study the effects of one‒step and two‒step activated carbon from longan seeds by dry chemical activation with NaOH. The longan seeds and their charcoal produced at carbonized temperature of 500 °C, were impregnated by dry chemical activation with NaOH at a weight ratio of 1.00:1.00, 1.00:1.50 and 1.00:2.00 at activation temperatures ranging from 500, 600 and 700 °C for 2 h. The iodine number, surface area, pore volume, functional group, crystalline phases, surface morphology and elemental composition of the activated carbons were examined. The results showed that the two-step process had the highest iodine number and BET surface area of 987.22 mg g‒1 and 975.18 m2 g‒1, respectively, which is the standard measure for liquid-phase applications.
Machinability of tool steels machined by electric-discharge machining
Authors: Kanlayasiri Kannachai , Jattakul Prajak , Mookam Niwat
Published: March 2022

SKD11 has been a widely used tool steel for cold works for many years while DC53 tool steel is intently developed to replace SKD11. In this paper, the machinability of these two tool steels was compared in terms of material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear ratio (EWR), and arithmetic mean of value of roughness (Ra) of the specimen machined by electric-discharge machining. The machining variables involved were electric-discharge time and electric-discharge peak current. The machining electrode was made from a copper alloy. Results show that both electric-discharge time and electric-discharge peak current had an influential effect on MRR, EWR, and Ra of both tool steels. MRR of SKD11 was significantly higher than that of DC53 while DC53 caused higher EWR than SKD11. It was found that SKD11 provided a better surface finish than DC53. Empirical models for MRR, EWR, and Ra were also presented in this paper.
Dual power sources with photovoltaic and small water turbine for generating electric supported flood mitigation
Authors: Pramuang Surajitr_PhD , Honghoen Penprapa , Phunphon Atchara
Published: March 2022

This study aims to investigate the electric generation systems used for flood relief by integrated photovoltaic with a small water turbine. Solar panel type of polycrystalline by size of 330 Wp and area of 2 m2 was parallel connected to the small water turbine with dimension of 1.24 m width and 2 m length. The Bankie wheel turbine has 1 m diameter with 12 blades. The flat blades has area of 0.30 m2 constructing on the floating tubes. The floating tubes fabricated across the wheel turbine dues to protect the turbine from flooding debris and it control the turbulent stream to be the laminar stream. The solar panel fabricated as the roof of the water turbine on the iron structure dimension of 1 m width, 2 m length and 1.40 m height. The photovoltaic was tested under

the conditions of solar intensity ranged from 976.63 W m–2 to 1,139 W m–2 and ambient temperature of 29 oC. In standard conditions of solar intensity, the efficiency of photovoltaic obtained by 16.30% and fill factor of 0.96. Deep cycle battery 45 Ah and DC/AC inverter 12 V 500 Wp were connected to the generating system. The gearing ratio of wheel turbine to generator’s axle was 1:7 to generate electric from water stream. The relationship of turbine rotation and the generator rotation was performed in laboratory experiment that found to be linear. The voltage obtained by 9.30 V at the generator rotation of 174 rpm. The power producing from photovoltaic and small water turbine obtained total load by 350 W for lamps, fans, and mobile chargers. The dual power sources can be used for producing electrical supply whenever people islanding in flood disaster.
The relation of social order to economic order in the concept of sustainable development
Authors: Polcyn Jan
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study: The answer to the question whether and how variables describing the so-cial order affect - expressed in a synthetic measure - economic order.
Material and methods: One of the important areas of scientific research on sustainable de-velopment includes factors affecting this development. As the nature of sustainable develop-ment is complex, it is necessary to examine various issues related to this development within four domains: environmental, economic, social and institutional-political. Mutual interactions between these governances are particularly interesting. Data for the analysis were obtained from the website of Eurostat. Variables were assigned to individual domains and divided into stimulants, nominants and destimulants based on the description of the variables provided by Eurostat. These data were used to determine the synthetic measure of economic governance and to select those groups of variables describing social governance that most completely de-scribe economic governance. Hellwig’s taxonomic measure was used to achieve this goal.
Results: Total values for groups of variables relating to economic governance and total values for groups of variables relating to social governance were determined for 28 selected Europe-an countries based on observation conducted over successive ten years. These results were then subjected to the procedure of panel data modelling. A fixed effects model was then se-lected as the most appropriate model.
Conclusions: The econometric model determined in the study describes economic govern-ance based on four groups of variables selected from among seven groups characterizing so-cial governance. The group of characteristics related to poverty and living conditions had the strongest positive impact on the direction of economic governance in the analysed period. The group of variables relating to consumption patterns and public health also had favourable ef-fects on the synthetic measure of economic governance. Two groups of variables: ‘demo-graphic changes’ and ‘public security’ had a negative impact on economic governance.
Model of education system financing
Authors: Polcyn Jan
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study: An attempt to indicate a model of education financing taking into account the measures of the effectiveness of the education system.
Material and methods: This article shows that the effectiveness of the education system can be measured without taking into account the socio-economic environment of students. The use of AVE, which is a measure of the aforementioned effectiveness of the education system, should be accompanied by an analysis of the level of local socio-economic development. These formulations include a certain inconsistency. It stems from the fact that the modelling of AVE using previous educational achievements of students (at the preceding stage) does not take into account the impact of variables modifying these educational achievements. It is as-sumed that a student’s individual family, economic and social situations do not change so rapidly as to affect their educational attainments in the next stage of education.
Results: However, research conducted in Poland show that socio-economic variables in areas of local government units strongly modify the AVE. This phenomenon was the reason for proposing the correction in the system of education funding.
Conclusions: The proposed model of funding education takes into account the qualitative factors of educational processes. The implementation of such a model should, in the long term, improve the quality of human capital in society.
Structures of the services sector in Poland in 2009-2016
Authors: Mikołajczyk Jarosław , Partyńska-Brzegowy Barbara
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study: The aim of the article is to present the main changes in the basic structures characterizing the Polish service sector in 2009-2016.
Material and methods: The figures are from statistical yearbooks of the Central Statistical Office of the Republic of Poland. The work uses comparative and descriptive analysis.
Results: The following values and structures were analyzed: number of business entities regis-tered in the REGON system, employment and employment-related remuneration, and generated GDP. In the analyzed structures the G-section, i.e. a trade and car maintenance dominated definitely.
Conclusions: In the analyzed structures here was also a tendency to increase the significance
of sections providing services to meet the higher level needs (intellectual, informative, finan-cial), and the decrease in the importance of sections that provide living services (trade, accom-modation).
The managers motives and their communication skills as
Authors: Żuchowski Ireneusz
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study:The aim of the work was to identify the hierarchy of managerial motives and the assess of communication skills of managers from the Ostrołęka subregion.
Material and methods: Own research carried out among 200 managers working in small and medium-sized enterprises from the Ostrołęka subregion - mazowieckie voivodeship. Among the respondents, 76.5% are men and 23.5% are women. Most of the surveyed managers had higher education (79.5). The other respondents graduated from secondary schools. The research on leadership motives was carried out using the "The scale of self-assessment of managerial motives” presented in the work by Tokarski [22]. The assessment of communication skills was carried out using the "Test for communication skills" [16].
Results:The research part presents the results of own research carried out among 200 managers working in small and medium-sized enterprises from the Ostrołęka subregion – mazowieckie voivodeship. Employment security is the dominant motif among 22.5% surveyed managers. The managerial motive, which is the amount of earnings, is the dominant motif only with 11% of respondents. The vast majority of participants (78.5%) obtained the result in the category of 75 and more, which classifies them to the group of managers who deal best with communica-tion.
Evaluation of the European Union investment interventionism
effectiveness in the context of Visegrad Group countries economic
development in the years 2000-2017
Authors: Sikora Artur , Chlebisz Adam
Published: March 2022

Aim of the study: The aim of this work is an attempt to assess the effectiveness of the
European Union's investment interventionism based on the relationship between GDP per
capita and total EU expenditure for a given country of the Visegrad Group in the years 2000-
2017.

Materials and methods: The empirical study used the annual frequency data from the
European Union budget for the years 2000-2017 and World Bank data on the Gross Domestic
Product per capita in a given year. The study part uses scatter plots of selected variables and
the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results: The results of the research allowed to indicate the tendency of the occurrence of
interdependence between the EU expenditure and GDP per capita for the adopted time series.
Remunerations in the Polish services sector
Authors: Mikołajczyk Jarosław , Partyńska-Brzegowy Barbara
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The main purpose of the article is identification, comparison and assessment of the remunerations within the Polish services sector in 2005-2017. An additional goal is to predict remunerations by 2025.
Data and methods: The figures are gained from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office, and from the Office website directly. The descriptive and comparative analysis methodology was used. Least squares regression used to predict.
Results: Analyzes of the value and dynamics of wages in the Polish service sector were made against the background of data for the entire national economy. In addition, the forecast of remuneration in general and in individual sections of the services sector up to 2025 was made. Salaries in the entire service sector were only slightly lower than the average wages in the national economy. A significant variation in remuneration within the services sector was also observed. The highest salary was obtained by employees of Section J - information and communication, while the lowest - employees of Section I - activity related to accommodation and catering services.
Conclusions: Wages in the services sector were slightly lower than the average salary in the entire national economy, however, while observing the trends, the difference in the services sector may increase. The service sector is currently and will be strongly diversified in terms of remunerations in the future. The highest remunerations can be obtained by representatives of IT-related professions (section J), and the lowest will be related to accommodation and catering services (section I).
Scope of the immunity of the honorary consul in the light
of some bilateral consular conventions (case study)
Authors: Czubik Paweł
Published: March 2022

The article is regarding issues of the scope of the immunity of the honorary consul in the
treaty particular situation, when the double-sided consular convention being in force between
the sending but assuming state isn't distinguishing between professional but honorable
consular officers, at the simultaneous sweep the immunity of the consul. In such a situation a
fundamental problem is arising - how to treat the honourable consular officer sending you
under the immunity account. Theoretically the host country has two possibilities. He can
acknowledge that the silence of the bilateral convention on separating the honorable consular
service means that the bilateral convention under the immunity account refers only to
professional consuls. He/she will be marking it, that honorary consuls will be treated
according to standards of the Vienna Convention on consular relationships from 1963 He can
however accept, that sometimes very strong jurisdictional immunity guaranteed by the
bilateral convention (answering as for of one's scope for diplomatic immunity) will concern
both consular categories in the identical scope. Presenting arguments starting to speak is a
purpose of the present text too both with interpretations without ultimate determining the
correctness one or of second interpretation of norms.
Development of Renewable Energy Source in Poland on
the background of the European Union
Authors: Wyszomierski Rafał , Bórawski Piotr , Dunn James W
Published: March 2022

The European Union’s policy on environmental protection and energy security is not only a set of regulations and bans. At the same time, it introduces new opportunities for economic development, it enhances ecological safety and contributes to public health protection by limiting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This policy contributes to the development of renewable energy sources (RES) and those take an essential part in limiting consumption of basic energy sources and fossil fuels that are responsible for the current state and further deterioration of our environment. Environmental and energy education of our society has a significant impact on further development of renewable energy sources. It presents real dangers but also values derived from the development of green energy with the support of the state. It will bring a tangible improvement in the society’s quality of life.
Aim: The main purpose of the article is to attempt to determine the development of the renewable energy sector in the EU. The regulations, EU directives, laws and the current role of the state in the development of the renewable energy market were analyzed.
Materials and Methods: The source of the data was the extensive literature on the subject and Eurostat. This work used tabular, graphic and descriptive methods.
Results: Analysis show that energy safety and environmental protection are one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. With the rapid depletion of conventional energy sourcesand the continued growing demand for energy, on which the growth of GDP depends globally, causes accelerated degradation of the environment, and with it , greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As far as energy safety and environmental protection is concerned, the policy of the European Union , through its actions,strives towards development of the renewable energy market . This in turn prevents the depletion of resources and environmental pollution.
Conclusions: The current EU situation, including countries like Poland, shows that the development of renewable energy is one of the most pressing issues in modern management, where renewable energy plays a key role in protecting the environment, public health and economic growth. It also prevents resource depletion, environmental pollution and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. It sometimes occurs with the opposition of the private sector and its citizens. To a large extent it is dependent on the availability of financial support from the state.
The being and the significance of the process of the
inheritance in family enterprises in Poland
Authors: Worytkiewicz-Raś Karolina
Published: March 2022

Aim: The show of the process of the inheritance at Polish family enterprises was a purpose of
the article. In particular identification of factors which are playing the key part in the course of
this process.

Materials and methods: The article contains the critical analysis of literature and interpretation
of the accessible findings concerning the process of the inheritance in Polish family enterprises.
Data needed for analysis was taken from conducted examinations through with Poland the
Agency for Enterprise Development and the Institute of the Family Business.

Results and conclusions: A knowledge in the scope of the issue of the inheritance was
systematized in Polish family enterprises. Determinants were shown the favorable process of
the inheritance and pointers in planning this process in family enterprises. The process of the
inheritance is a crucial stage in the development of family enterprises which further lasting and
staying at the market are determining. He is complicated, time-consuming and is connected
with many problems. Owners of family enterprises should proactive plan the process of the
inheritance that is develop the plan of handing the company over for next generation. The article
contains signs for owners of family enterprises which are planning in the immediate future
undergoing the process of inheritance in one's companies.