bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mindful Eating and Food Intake: Effects and Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Seguias Lana , Ferriday Danielle , Hinton Elanor , McCaw Tina , Tapper Katy
Published: May 2024

A key component of mindful eating is paying attention to the sensory properties of one’s food as one eats (‘sensory eating’). Some studies have found that sensory eating reduces subsequent food intake whilst others have failed to replicate these effects. We report four laboratory studies that (a) examine effects of sensory eating on subsequent intake, and (b) explore potential mechanisms of action underlying any effects. In each study, participants ate a small high calorie snack with or without sensory eating and, 5-15 minutes later, were given larger snack portions from which they could eat freely. Sensory eating reduced intake of the second snack and could not be explained by increased sensory-specific satiety or by priming of health-related goals. However, this effect disappeared when we controlled the eating rate for the first snack. Given previous research linking slower eating to increased satiation and reduced intake, we conclude that sensory eating reduces intake by slowing eating rate. Exploratory analyses also revealed that (among non-dieters) effects of sensory eating were pronounced when participants reported higher hunger. The results help explain inconsistencies across previous studies. They also suggest that, in relation to weight management, sensory eating will be most beneficial for those who are naturally fast eaters and/or in situations where people are inclined to eat more quickly, for example when hungry, when in a hurry or when eating a highly palatable food. The research highlights the value of taking a dismantling approach toward mindfulness and mindful eating practices.
Units first or Tens first: How bilingualism affects two-digit auditory-visual number matching
Authors: Lachelin Rémy , Poncin Alexandre , Van Rinsveld Amandine , Schiltz Christine
Published: May 2024

In German the number word for 42 is inverted such that “forty-two” is “two-and-forty”, while this is not the case in French. German and French monolingual and bilingual speakers’ number processing might be impacted by this inversion between Arabic digits and number word formats. We compared German-French bilinguals who sequentially learned mathematics first in German (LM1, until 7h grade) and then in French (LM2 until the end of secondary school) with language matched monolinguals. In an auditory-visual number matching task participants heard a number word which had to be matched with a visually presented Arabic number among three distractors. In two additional sequential conditions, we first presented tens (4_) or units (_2) before presenting the entire number (42). While we did not observe performance differences between both monolingual groups, bilinguals displayed a similar behavioural pattern in all conditions in their LM1 (German). But they were overall slightly slower than German monolinguals, hence displaying a bilingual lexical cost. Bilinguals were also impacted by a global LM2 processing cost, being overall slower in the LM2 (French) than the LM1. Furthermore, in the LM2, the conditions interacted with language. On the one hand relatively enhanced interference from the Unit-first condition performed in LM2 is suggesting an influence from LM1’s inverted morpho-syntactic structure. On the other hand an increased facilitation in the Ten-first condition indicates a relative enhanced facilitation when the LM2 is transparent with regards to Arabic number’s positional order. These interference effects suggest that bilingual’s processing strategies can flexibly transfer across LM1 and LM2 and adapt to the morpho-syntactic features of their spoken languages.
Empiema subdural postraumatico: a propósito de un caso, Hospital General Puyo 2022.
Authors: Peñaloza Ortiz Oscar Vladimir , Tubón Sarmiento Jonathan Andrés , Chiliquinga Cando María Ximena , Guevara Parra Lisette Anabel , Alvarado Cajas Mireya Patricia
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 17 años con el antecedente de haber sufrido un traumatismo craneoencefálico tres semanas antes de su ingreso al servicio de Emergencia , con un diagnóstico de empiema subdural, el cual suele ser una complicacion de la sinusitis, o la otitis media, pero pueden producirse tras otras infecciones óticas, traumatismo o cirugía de cráneo y, pocas veces, bacteriemia. Objetivo: Describir un caso clínico de empiema subdural post-traumático, conocer el cuadro clínico, métodos diagnósticos y manejo terapéutico. Metodología: Reporte y análisis de caso clínico con un enfoque observacional y retrospectivo, con apoyo en la revisión de bibliografía actualizada.Resultados: Se pudo establecer que el cuadro clínico de un empiema subdural post-traumático es variado, conocer los signos, síntomas y factores de riesgo, permiten incrementar la sospecha diagnóstica en el área de emergencia e implementar su tratamiento oportuno. Conclusiones: El empiema subdural intracraneal es poco común, la morbilidad y la mortalidad son significativamente altas, es necesario un diagnóstico oportuno y la posterior implementación de antibióticos y drenaje quirúrgico con el propósito de reducir la mortalidad. Se requiere un equipo multidisciplinario que incluya emergencia, unidad de cuidados intensivos, neurocirugía, muchos requieren medicamentos antiepilépticos a largo plazo y fisioterapia para una mayor recuperación.
Diabulimia y redes sociales
Authors: Moncayo María Vanessa , Pozo David Alejandro , Alvarez María Belén
Published: May 2024

La diabulimia se describe como el trastorno alimentario en el que se hace un mal uso de la insulina con fines de pérdida de peso. Se ha informado de restricción/omisión de insulina en una de cada tres mujeres con diabetes tipo 1 en el Reino Unido. Se ha descrito que los factores psicológicos y socioculturales influyen en el desarrollo de esta práctica. La evidencia ha demostrado una combinación entre la restricción de insulina y otros comportamientos como los atracones. Hoy en día, las redes sociales juegan un papel vital en las interacciones diarias y la descarga emocional de esta población. La concentración en una apariencia física ideal mostrada en las plataformas virtuales influye negativamente en la autopercepción del cuerpo, aumentando el riesgo de prácticas nocivas de pérdida de peso. Existe una gran comunidad en línea sobre diabetes, entre las diferentes redes sociales, en la que las personas confían para conectarse con otros y compartir sus propias experiencias. Las personas con Diabulimia se enfrentan constantemente a la combinación de estos dos tipos de contenidos online. Aún no se ha establecido bien una asociación entre el uso de las redes sociales y la diabulimia
Infecciones tropicales parasitarias. Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Hidalgo Acosta Javier Aquiles , Alarcón Zambrano Oscar Alberto , Macias Cedeño Mariuxi Stefanía , Bejarano Macias Jorge Eduardo
Published: May 2024

Introducción : Las infecciones tropicales, son un conjunto de enfermedades, cuya denominación se debe, por su afinidad de presentación en zonas intertropicales, además por situación geográfica, climática, medioambiental o vectores y reservorios necesarios para su ciclo evolutivo, habitando en zonas del trópico y que afectan la salud de los humanos, por cuanto, se justifica esta investigación, describiendo la situación actual de las infecciones tropicales más frecuentes, sus agentes causales, distribución geográfica y su manejo. Objetivos: Describir las infecciones tropicales más comunes, su agente etiológico y los avances de su manejo. Materiales y métodos:  Se revisaron bases de datos como Latindex, LILACS, Pubmed, Mendeley, ScienceDirect, registros de la NLM, sitios web de revistas como NEJM, PMC, organizaciones como la OMS, para identificar los estudios, se utilizó el tema de investigación infecciones tropicales, en idioma inglés y español obteniendo 31 artículos que cumplieron con la inclusión, abordaron la epidemiología, etiología, diagnóstico, distribución geográfica, tratamiento y avances en el manejo de las infecciones tropicales parasitarias, recurso de búsqueda última vez 05 de abril  2024. Resultados: En Poblaciones de riesgo para enfermedad de Chagas, las pruebas inmunocromatográficas rápidas para el diagnóstico en poblaciones de riesgo demostraron ser lo suficientemente precisas como para recomendar su uso para la detección en áreas endémicas, incluso como pruebas independientes. Otros estudios epidemiológicos sugieren una asociación entre la oncocercosis con el síndrome de cabeceo y epilepsia, siendo la oncocercosis un problema grave en las zonas tropicales, considerado como un factor asociado a enfermedades neurológicas. Respecto a la prevalencia global de la fascioliasis humana, en América del Sur, África y Asia fue del 9,0%, 4,8% y 2,0%, respectivamente, encontrándose el porcentaje más alto en Bolivia (21%), seguido de Perú (11%) y Egipto (6%). Conclusiones: En general, la patología tropical, incluye infecciones parasitarias de diagnóstico epidemiológico con sospecha clínica, cuya certeza depende del estudio del agente mediante uso de anticuerpos, pruebas como reacción de cadena de polimerasa y examen microbiológico.   Existe tratamiento preventivo principalmente en las patologías más frecuentes en todo el mundo como la malaria, con el uso de los mosquiteros insecticidas de larga duración con butóxido de piperonilo, disminuyendo la incidencia de Plasmodium vivax y Plasmodium falciparum, así como también el tratamiento curativo con primaquina oral de corta duración, en dosis de 7 mg /kg, durante 7 días consecutivos. Dentro   las infecciones más frecuentes en America tropical, se destaca la leishmaniasis cuyo tratamiento intralesional con Antimoniato de meglumina resulta alentador con mejor reepitelizacion y menos efectos adversos.
Prevalencia y principales factores de riesgo asociada la obesidad pediátrica
Authors: Martínez Santander Carlos José , Cueva Lalangui Jossek Elian , Durán Ayavaca Jonnathan Mauricio
Published: May 2024

Introducción: La obesidad en el continente americano se ha convertido en una problemática sanitaria, si no se controla a tiempo se prevé una pandemia que pone en riesgo la vida de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, existen muchos factores de riesgo entre los cuales están los modificables como el estilo de vida. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo que están asociados a la malnutrición pediátrica causando la obesidad. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica mediante la búsqueda de artículos de rigor científico de las principales bases de datos como: Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct y Scielo se procedió a analizar y sistematizar los artículos que respondieron a las interrogantes de investigación planteadas en este estudio. Resultados: El país con mayor prevalencia de obesidad pediátrica es EE.UU., los principales factores de riesgo son la mala conducta alimentaria y el sedentarismo propios de la modernidad. Por otra parte, en Ecuador existe un 8,6% de niños que muestran un exceso de peso, del mismo modo, tres de cada 10 infantes padecen de sobrepeso y obesidad. Discusión: De acuerdo a los análisis de las diferentes fuentes bibliográficas, los autores concuerdan que, de no frenar las cifras altas de obesidad, habrá graves repercusiones a nivel de salud, y economía para los estados, además, que muchos de los factores de riesgo pueden ser intervenidos. Conclusión: La obesidad es una problemática que está en incremento, investigadores la han considerado como una epidemia moderna que está ligada al sedentarismo y malnutrición, además esta patología está asociada con el desarrollo comorbilidades. Identidad la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo asociada a la obesidad pediátrica, es necesario implementar intervenciones efectivas y políticas sanitarias integrales dirigidas a la prevención y tratamiento de esta patología
Tissue- and Cell-Specific Dysregulations of ACE2 may put Patients with Diabetes at Higher Risk for COVID-19
Authors: Marhl Marko
Published: May 2024

Hypertension and diabetes are the major risk factors for patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The physiological link between the diseases is still obscure. A growing body of evidence indicates that Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) could be one of the critical agents linking diabetes with hypertension and COVID-19. Whether an up- or rather a down-regulation of ACE2 is responsible for the higher risk for COVID-19 is not clear. Experimental evidence and theoretical models exist for both. We show here that in addition to the overall up-/down-regulation of ACE2 at the whole-body level, we need to consider the tissue- and cell-specific dysregulations of ACE2, determining the risk of patients with diabetes for COVID-19.
Prevalence and associated factors of Female genital mutilation among reproductive age women’s of Wolayita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Anjulo Bargude Balta , Lambebo Amanuel Fanta
Published: May 2024

Background : Female genital mutilation (FGM) is estimated to have been practiced on at least 200 million girls and women in 30 countries around the world. Clitoridoctomy is the most common type of FGM in Ethiopia. Objectives : The aim of the study was to assess the magnitude of Female Genital Mutilation and associated factors among women’s of Wolayita zone. Methods : A community-based quantitative cross-sectional study was used. Face-to-face interviews with prepared questionnaires were used to collect data. SPSS version 20 software was used to analyze the data. The prevalence of FGM was determined using descriptive statistics. The researchers utilized a bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model to find independent determinants of FGM. Result : 296 women were undergone FGM out of a total of 333, indicating that FGM is prevalent in the research area (88.9%). Age (AOR-1.86, 95% CI: 0.42-0.98) and hyperactivity (AOR: 14.595, 95% CI: 3.391-6.807) were all independently linked to FGM. Conclusion : An integrated effort administrative and surrounding community intervention to be initiated to alleviate FGM practices through empowering women, discouraging risky factors like traditions; and sensitizing parents, community members and the public focusing on the rejecting of FGM.
Women’s Access to Post-Secondary Education and Structural Inequalities
Authors: ALNAA Samuel Erasmus , MATEY Juabin
Published: May 2024

UN Sustainable Development Goal No.5 urges the attainment of gender equality and women empowerment by 2030. This has intensified the fight for gender parity and female empowerment in Africa with some successes. Despite this, changes in Ghana's educational system have not dispelled the widespread belief that men are better equipped for careers. This is especially in the technical and vocational fields. This misconception has hampered disadvantaged young women's motivation, making them less likely to pursue careers in technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Entrenchments of gendered divisions in higher education and the labour market contribute to structural inequality in society. This study looks at women’s access to post-secondary education and structural inequalities. Additionally, the article updates recent changes in the ratio of female students enrolled in university programs and employment statistics in Ghana. The paper argues that although there are improvements in female enrolment numbers in post-secondary institutions, there is a need for a deliberate policy to increase female intake into tertiary institutions, especially technical universities by granting female-favoured scholarships and opening more online/distance learning platforms for degree programs as well as services to support online enrolment. Employment opportunities should favour the female for a deepening supplementary role at all levels of their participation. Besides, to encourage women to gradually shift from conventional roles, it is necessary to invest in their human capital.
Surgical Management of a Giant Compound Odontoma with 52 Denticles and Impacted Canine in the Maxilla of a Non-syndromic Child: A Case Report
Authors: Jayaraman Jayakumar
Published: May 2024

Supernumerary tooth (ST) refers to any tooth or odontogenic structure that is formed excess of usual number for any given region of the dental arch. The treatment of ST usually involves surgical removal to avoid further complications to the developing dentition. This report presents a rare case of a giant compound odontoma that was observed in the left maxillary region of a 10-year-old child during routine dental examination. Surgical removal of the compound odontoma was performed in the dental setting under Nitrous oxide sedation. In total, 52 denticles were removed from the left maxillary region. Additionally, exposure, bonding, and orthodontic traction was performed in the contralateral impacted maxillary canine. Both surgical procedures were successful and well tolerated by the patient with adequate behavior management technique.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Aspergillus Niger Isolated from Soil and Studying its Antimicrobial Effect Against Some Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Species and Candida Albican
Authors: Hussein Thaer Ali , Abbass Ismail J. , Abd– Al Razaq Afrodet , Hamady Sabah Raheem
Published: May 2024

Objectives: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Aspergillus niger, isolated from the soil for the purpose of studying its ability to produce nanoparticles. Methods: Grown in a liquid fermentation medium in glass flasks for ten days. The biosynthesis process was detected by observing the color changes of the filtrate. The properties of silver nanoparticles were determined by UV-measurement. Use SEM to discover the size, shape and distribution of nanoparticles. The chemical groups responsible for the biosynthesis and encapsulation of nanoparticles were detected using FTIR for both the fungal biomass filtrate and the resulting particles, after turning them into powder. Silver nanoparticles produced from mushrooms using the Well-Diffusion-Method showed antibacterial activity against MDR-bacteria for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria, which are: (E. coli, K. Pneumonia, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa), at two concentrations (50, 100). mg/ml) for AgNPs. Results: The biosynthesis was detected by observing the color changes of the filtrate from transparent to light yellow to dark brown. The properties of silver nanoparticles were determined by measurement (UV). Which showed absorbance values at wavelengths (450 nm). The results showed SEM The shape was spherical with dimensions ranging from (17.84-64.03) nanometers. Conclusions: The fungus Aspergillus niger showed the ability to biosynthesise silver nanoparticles after 24 hours of incubation of the fungal filtrate treated with AgNO3.
The Effectiveness of Aqueous Extract of Ginger on Some Sex Hormones and Biochemical Parameters in Female Laboratory Mice (Mus Musculus L.)
Authors: Abd Almajeed Mustafa , Ibrahim Nawal Khalil
Published: May 2024

Objective: Ginger is a flowering tropical plant that commonly used as a spice and flavoring having various pharmacological properties, several phytochemical compounds which has biological activity. The main bioactive compound in ginger is gingerol, have a powerful anti-inflammatory effect will greatly affect on fertility. Also, it has an effective role in many laboratory experiments to study the physiological activities of ginger extract on these functions. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ginger extract on some sex hormones like estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in female mice, also its effect on total protein, albumin and globulin Methods: Thirty adult female mice of (Mus Musculus L.) weight (22-24g) were derived into three groups one control and two treated. Ginger water extract be ready to prepare with affecting doses according to experimental test on mice (3.5 and 7 mg body weight/mice). The concentration of serum female sex hormones (FSH, LH, progesterone and estrogen) were measured. Results: Ginger water extract caused a significant increase in the level of estrogen in both doses and significant increase in the level of FSH and LH in high dose only (P less than 0.01). While progesterone level show no significant changes. On the other hand, the serum total protein, albumin and globulin shows a significant increase only in total protein and globulin levels (P less than 0.01) in turn albumin level show no significant changes in comparison to control. Conclusion: The results of this study, ginger extract could increase the level of female sex hormones (estrogen, FSH and LH) and conceder as adjunctive natural therapy for improvement of female sex hormones as well as lead to increase in total protein and globulin level which is essential for boosting the immunity.
The Relationship of Blood Groups and an Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (A Subject Review)
Authors: Abd Almajeed Mustafa , Ibrahim Nawal Khalil , Abass Ismail Jamaa , AlDailme Awatif R.
Published: May 2024

Objective: Although human blood consists of the same basic parts (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma), there are a large variety of blood groups and types, each with its own different characteristics. The aim of this study to search the correlation between different types of blood groups and increase risk factor for type 2 diabetic mellitus disease. Methods: Blood is made up of several components, and all of these can be utilized to management a lot of different illness. What makes a blood type different is the combination of protein molecules called antigens and antibodies. A person's blood type is also considered to be inherited from the parents' genes. Diabetic mellitus type 2 is related with a type of a chronic illness that effect the trend of the cells in the body for receive glucose or the amount of insulin which synthesize in the pancreas, thus leads to an abnormal decrease or increase in the scale of glucose in the blood. Results: Blood type O had a low risk of diabetes for women with type A, and same for women with type A. Group AB, and low persent of type B, compared with blood group O, have poor chances of developing diabetes. Conclusions: The effect of blood types should be investigated in future clinical and epidemiological studies on diabetes, also there is a need for more research on the pathophysiological mechanism to explain why diabetes has people of group O have a low risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Evaluation Study of Petroselinum Crispum Extract Toward Pathogenic Isolates of candida
Authors: Abdullah Afrah Talib , Al-Hawash Adnan B.
Published: May 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to isolation and identify the isolated genetically if candida species from candidiasis infection and study the activity of bioactive compounds. Methods: Samples were obtained from 28 patients from the mouth of patients with oral candidiasis. Samples were collected from the Child Specialized Hospital, Al-Faiha General Hospital Dermatologist Dr. Laith Globe Lazim Al-Kinani (Master of Dermatology, PhD in Dermatology, Iraqi Ministry of Health, Al-Fayhaa Teaching Hospital) aided in the diagnosis of clinical cases and molecular analysis then tested the activity of the mint plant extract on it and compared it with the antifungal nystatin. Results: Mint leaf extract showed activity against Candida isolates. The extract was non-toxic, and C. albicans was the most common Candida. Conclusions: The methanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum in this study showed good inhibition activity against the isolated Candida species.
Clinical, seroepidemiological and hematological study of Buffaloes Babesiosis in Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Alautaish Hassanin H.N. , Abdulredha Nooralhuda Waleed , Ali Duna Hassan , Muhsen Rahman K. , AlSaad Israa Abdulwadood
Published: May 2024

Objective: Babesiosis is one of the important diseases in cattle and buffaloes, the current study conducting to diagnoses and evaluate the infection by B.pigeamina in buffaloes during the period of November 2022 to September 2023. Methods: The study included 210 animals of both sexes and varied ages. The blood sampling from 220 water buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis) in the north of Basrah governorate during the period of November 2022 to September 2023; the samples collected from both sexes and different ages ranged between 1 to 5 years. At these ten months 20 blood samples was randomly collected each month to compared with the control 10 animals. Results: The blood smear from infected buffaloes show the parasite clearly while the clinical signs reported as: babesiosis confirm 16% (32 affected animals) represented by fever, emaciation, anorexia, low milk production, jaundice of mucous membrane, corneal opacity and hemoglobinuria. The subclinical infected buffaloes which represented 41% (82 affected animals) appear healthy with no clinical signs. Also indicate that were no significant differences (P less than 0.05) between the infected and control group. The hematological parameters show significant differences (P less than 0.05) in RBCs count, total WBC count, deferential LC, Hb concentration and PCV in the infected buffaloes compare to the control animals while there were no significant differences (P less than 0.05) between the subclinical and control buffaloes except the RBCs count. The serological examination revealed to significant differences (P less than 0.05) in the infected group in posit to the control especially the liver enzymes and kidney function test enzymes which include: AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, creatinine and TP. Moreover, According the season and months the study detects the high infection rate in the summer while there were decrease in the infection rate in the mild or cold weather months. Moreover, the study indicates the high infection percentage in females compare to the male sex. Conclusion: Babesiosis is very important disease in Buffaloes in north of Basrah and there are no significant differences in infection rates between male and female.
Практичні аспекти „шкірного рогу" крайньої плоті
Authors: Pryima O. B.
Published: May 2024

В роботі проаналізовано походження і лікування пяти хворих за останні 15 років. Це захворювання є рідкісним. Його частота серед контингенту урологічного стаціонару становить 0,0003 %. Тому це захворювання по праву можна віднести до "хворіб-сиріток". Відмічено, що суттєвими моментами у розвитку цього захворювання є механічна травма і, особливо, хронічний баланопостит. Проаналізовано результати патогістологічного дослідження "шкірного рогу" до операції та операційнога матеріалу. Мікроскопічно виявлено в " шкірному розі" потовщений багатошаровий плоский епітелій, покритий роговими масами, місцями у виді перлинок. В дермі "шкірного рогу" виявлено множинні вогнищеві мононуклеарні запальні інфільтрати. Це захворювання відносять до факультативного передраку, що засвідчує власний досвід, де серед 5-ти хворих ні разу не спостерігалося злоякісного переродження новоутворення. Хірургічне лікування, радикальне за характером, забезпечує добрий як лікувальний так і косметичний ефект.
Comparison of transforaminal and posterior lumbar interbody fusion outcomes in patients receiving a novel allograft versus rhBMP-2: a radiographic and patient-reported outcomes analysis
Authors: Hani Ummey , Farber S. Harrison , Pfortmiller Deborah , Kim Paul K. , Bohl Michael A. , Holland Christopher M. , McGirt Matthew J.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been demonstrated to achieve the highest rates of arthrodesis in multilevel lumbar fusion but is also associated with possible perioperative morbidity. A novel allograft (OSTEOAMP) is a differentiated allograft that retains growth factors supporting bone healing. The authors sought to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of rhBMP-2 and the novel allograft in lumbar interbody arthrodesis to determine if the latter may be a safer and equally effective alternative to rhBMP-2 for single- and multilevel posterior or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF or TLIF).

METHODS

Patients who underwent single- or multilevel TLIF or PLIF using either OSTEOAMP or rhBMP-2 at the authors’ institution over a 2-year period were prospectively followed for 12 months. Healthcare utilization, safety measures, patient satisfaction, physical disability (measured on the Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]), back and leg pain (on the numeric rating scale [NRS]), quality of life (on the EQ-5D scale), and return to work (RTW) were prospectively recorded. For purposes of this study, this consecutive series was retrospectively analyzed and pseudarthrosis rates were assessed at 2 years of follow-up. All patients (100%) had both 12-month patient-reported outcome follow-up and 24-month clinical and radiographic follow-up.

RESULTS

One thousand one hundred fifty-four patients (654 treated with OSTEOAMP, 500 with rhBMP-2) were prospectively enrolled in the institutional registry. After propensity score matching, there were no significant baseline differences between 330 novel allograft and 330 rhBMP-2 cases. Perioperative morbidity and 90-day hospital readmission (3.3% vs 2.4%, p = 0.485) did not significantly differ between the novel allograft and the rhBMP-2 cases. At the 2-year follow-up, symptomatic pseudarthrosis requiring revision surgery occurred in 8 patients (2.4%) with OSTEOAMP and 6 patients (1.8%) with rhBMP-2 (p = 0.589). The overall fusion rate at 2 years was similar between groups (p = 0.213). Both groups showed significant and equivalent improvement in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) from baseline to 12-month follow-up, with no significant difference in 1-year mean NRS leg pain score (2.5 vs 2.7), ODI (25 vs 26), quality-adjusted life years (0.73 vs 0.73), satisfaction (83% vs 80%), or RTW (6.6 vs 7 weeks).

CONCLUSIONS

In the authors’ institutional experience, OSTEOAMP is a clinically viable substitute for rhBMP-2 for single- and multilevel lumbar fusion. This novel allograft provides clinically effective arthrodesis and improvements in PROMs comparable to rhBMP-2 with a similar safety profile. Additional indications and outcome assessment in longitudinal studies are needed to further characterize this allogeneic graft.
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Berdasarkan Tahapan Newman dan Scaffolding pada Materi Aritmatika Sosial
Authors: Susilowati Puji Lestari , Ratu Novisita
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan siswa berdasarkan Tahapan Newman dan scaffolding pada materi aritmatika sosial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Pangudi Luhur Salatiga kelas VII. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan wawancara klinis. Instrumen penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri dan dibantu oleh instrumen pendukung berupa soal tes dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan mencakup transkrip hasil wawancara, reduksi data, analisis, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa pada tipe kesalahan I (reading error) sebesar 8,33%, tipe kesalahan II (reading comprehension difficulty) sebesar 13,64%, tipe kesalahan III (transform error) sebesar 14,39%, tipe kesalahan IV (weakness in process skill) sebesar 31,82%, tipe kesalahan V (encoding error) sebesar 31,82%. Scaffolding yang digunakan untuk mengatasi semua kesalahan hanya sampai pada scaffolding level 2. Scaffolding yang diberikan pada kesalahan tipe I dan II adalah explaining, scaffolding yang diberikan pada kesalahan tipe III adalah explaining dan reviewing. Scaffolding yang diberikan pada kesalahan tipe IV adalah explaining, reviewing, dan restructuring, sedangkan scaffolding yang diberikan pada kesalahan tipe V adalah explaining.
Pengembangan Rubrik Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Menengah Atas dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Fitriani Silvia , Yarmayani Ayu
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik produk pengembangan rubrik keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika pada materi program linier dan mengetahui Kelayakan rubrik ketrampilan berfikir kreatif siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika, melalui penilaian guru matematika SMA sebagai pengguna dan pertimbangan validasi (ahli). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah  penelitian pengembangan dan model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu 4D, model pengembangan ini terdiri dari 4 tahap sesuai dengan namanya, yaitu define (pendefinisian), design (perancangan), develop (pengembangan), dan disseminate (penyebaran). Karena keterbatasan waktu maka penelitian hanya dilakukan sampai pada tahap develop (pengembangan). Berdasarkan penilaian dari validator dan guru, instrumen yang dikembangkan sudah layak dan dapat diterapkan  untuk siswa kelas XI IPA.
Kontribusi Resiliensi Matematis terhadap Kemampuan Akademik Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Statistika Matematika
Authors: Zanthy Luvy Sylviana
Published: May 2024

Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  hubungan  antara resiliensi matematis dengan kemampuan  akademik  mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Statistika Matematika. Penelitian ini didasari oleh capaian akademik pada mata kuliah Statistika Matematika yang tergolong rendah. Mahasiswa merasa kesulitan dan mudah menyerah dalam menyelesaikan soal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah  metode survey  dengan  teknik  korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa program  studi  pendidikan  matematika  IKIP Siliwangi,  sampel  penelitian  diambil  dengan  teknik purposive  sampling sebanyak  30 orang mahasiswa  yang mengambil mata kuliah Statistika Matematika. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa soal tes uraian kemampuan akademik dan soal non tes berupa skala resiliensi matematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  terdapat  hubungan  yang positif antara resiliensi matematis dengan kemampuan  akademik  mahasiswa,  dengan kontribusi resiliensi matematis sebesar 48,5 %  terhadap kemampuan akademik mahasiswa.
Student’s Metacognition: Do Intrapersonal Intelligent Make Any Difference?
Authors: Rokhima Nur , Fitriyani Harina
Published: May 2024

Metakognisi adalah kesadaran seseorang tentang proses berpikirnya untuk merencanakan, mengamati, dan mengevaluasi. Selain itu, kecerdasan siswa memiliki peran penting untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses metakognitif siswa dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah matematika yang ditinjau dari kecerdasan intrapersonal mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subyek ini terdiri dari tiga jenis siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan intrapersonal tinggi, rata-rata, dan rendah. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, tes pemecahan masalah matematika (TPMM) dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek yang memiliki kecerdasan intrapersonal tinggi dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika melakukan perencanaan, pengamatan, dan evaluasi kegiatan di setiap tahap polya. Subyek intelijen interpersonal rata-rata berada di tahap memahami masalah, mengatur dan menerapkan rencana pemecahan masalah. Mereka telah melakukan semua kegiatan metakognitif, tetapi tidak melakukan perencanaan, mengamati, dan mengevaluasi kegiatan di tahap crosschecking. Subjek kecerdasan intrapersonal rendah berada di tahap memahami masalah, perencanaan, pengamatan, dan evaluasi. Namun, dalam mengatur penyelesaian masalah, mereka hanya melakukan perencanaan dan pengamatan tanpa mengevaluasi. Dalam tahap menerapkan rencana pemecahan masalah, mereka hanya melakukan perencanaan tanpa mengamati dan mengevaluasi.
Metacognition is the awareness of someone about his thinking process to plan, observe, and evaluate. Besides, the student’s intelligence has an important role in accomplishing the problem. The objective of this research is to know the students’ metacognitive process to accomplish mathematic problems reviewed from their intrapersonal intelligence. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. The subject consists of three kinds of students who have high, average, and low intrapersonal intelligence. The instruments are a questionnaire, mathematics problem-solving test (TPMM), and interview. The result showed that the subject who has high intrapersonal intelligence in accomplishing the mathematics problem did planning, observing, and evaluating activities in every Polya stage. The average interpersonal intelligence subject was in the stage of understanding the problem and arranging and implementing the problem-solving plan. They had done all metacognitive activities but did not do planning, observing, and evaluating activities in the crosschecking stage. The low intrapersonal intelligence subject was in the stage of understanding the problem, planning, observing, and evaluating. However, in arranging the problem-solving, they only did the planning and observing without evaluating. In the stage of implementing the problem-solving plan, they only did the planning without observing and evaluating.
Hubungan antara Self-Confidence terhadap Matematika dengan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa pada Materi Lingkaran
Authors: Dewi Senja Noviani , Minarti Eva Dwi
Published: May 2024

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui terdapat atau tidaknya hubungan antara self-confidence siswa dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada materi lingkaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan teknik korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa  SMP Negeri di Kota Bandung. Sedangkan sampel penelitiannya sebanyak 35 orang yang ditetapkan secara purposif pada salah satu SMP Negeri di Kota Bandung. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa instrumen tes dan nontes, adapun instrumen tes sebanyak 6 soal untuk menganalisa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa sedangkan instrumen nontes sebanyak 25 skala pernyataan yang digunakan untuk menganalisa self confidence siswa dalam pembelajaran matematik. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah secara signifikan Self-confidence siswa pada pembelajaran matematika berpengaruh secara positif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa.
In general, the purpose of this research is to find out whether there is a relationship between students’ self-confidence and students’ mathematic problem-solving skills. The method of this research is a survey method with a correlation technique. The population of this research is students of a state junior high school in Bandung. While the sample of this research is 35 students which is decided by purposif sampling in a state junior high school in Bandung. The instruments in this research are test and non-test instruments, in which test instrument consists of six questions to analyze students’ mathematic problem-solving skills, while the non-test instrument consists of twenty-five scale statements which are used to analyze students’ self-confidence in mathematic learning. The conclusion of the result of this research is significantly, confidence in mathematic learning influences students’ mathematic problem-solving.
Profil Penyelesaian Soal Trigonometri Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Matematika
Authors: Budiarti Vina , Lestariningsih
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan profil penyelesaian soal persamaan trigonometri siswa SMA kelas XI ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Wonoayu. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 3 siswa kelas XI, yaitu: 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi, 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang, dan 1 siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah. Instrumen pendukung yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari: 1. Tes kemampuan matematika untuk pemilihan subjek; 2. Tes menyelesaikan soal; 3. Wawancara yang diajukan pada masing-masing kategori siswa untuk mengetahui keabsahan dari jawaban yang telah dikerjakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: profil penyelesaian soal persamaan trigonometri siswa SMA kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Wonoayu ditinjau dari kemampuan matematikanya, siswa yang memiliki kemampuan matematika tinggi mampu menyelesaikan soal dengan memenuhi semua indikator secara keseluruhan, siswa yang memiliki kemampuan matematika sedang belum mampu menyelesaikan soal dengan memenuhi semua indikator secara keseluruhan (siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang mampu memenuhi 5 indikator saja), siswa yang memiliki kemampuan matematika rendah tidak mampu menyelesaikan soal dengan memenuhi semua indikator secara keseluruhan.
The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of problem-solving in trigonometry equations of high school students of class XI-based mathematics ability. This type of research is qualitative research. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Wonoayu. The subjects of this study are 3 students of class XI, namely: a student with high mathematics ability, a student with moderate mathematics ability, and a student with low mathematics ability. The main instrument is the researchers and the supporting instruments used in the study consist of: 1. Mathematics ability test; 2. solving problem test; 3. Interview guideline. The results showed that the profile of problem-solving trigonometry equations of high school students of class XI in SMA Negeri 1 Wonoayu viewed from the mathematical ability, a student who has high mathematics ability to solve the problem by fulfilling all the indicators as a whole, students who has moderate mathematics ability is not yet able to solve the problem by meeting all indicators overall (math-capable students can meet only 5 indicators), student who has low mathematics ability is not able to solve the problem by meeting all indicators overall.
Equipment design with elements of artificial intelligence and neural networks
Authors: Polshchikov Ivan
Published: May 2024

Особенности дизайна лазерных и оптоэлектронных систем инструментов всех уровней в условиях применения в их узлах и модулях управления и контроля элементов искусственного интеллекта и искусственных нейронных сетей , включая перспективу последовательного перехода на квантовые компьютеры и их эквиваленты Надёжность надсистем базовых технических решений в оптических приборах и инструментах , полученная за счёт повышения эффективности и надёжности подсистем установки и монтажа , полученных при использовании капсулированных композитных материалов Надёжность надсистем базовых технических решений в оптических приборах и инструментах , полученная за счёт повышения эффективности и надёжности подсистем электронных блоков , полученных при использовании капсулированных композитных материалов и технологий производства электронных печатных плат , применяющих принципы иерархии построения присущие РИТМ технологиям и их комбинациям Обеспечение требуемого уровня быстродействия процессорной техники в узлах управления и контроля с использованием передовых методов производства плат тонкоплёночных микросборок в том числе с применением Гибких автоматизированных производственных модулей и скоростных методов гальванических и электрохимических покрытий , реализующих процессы без негативного влияния краевого эффекта электродов и с электрохимическими ячейками , работающими в направленном потоке электролита
The Man is the messiah
Authors: Makarov Vladimir , Nikishov Aleksandr
Published: May 2024

This lecture is dedicated to the messianic activity of Louis Pasteur, one of the most outstanding figures in humane and veterinary medicine, the founder of microbiology and immunology, who made the most significant fundamental contribution to the scientific solution of microbiological problems of global significance. Together with his colleagues and followers, he was the first to establish the role of microbes in life on Earth, including in pathology, the bacterial etiology of infectious diseases and the universal nature of anti-infective immunity, discovered the phenomenon of artificially attenuation the pathogenic properties of infectious agents and created means and methods of protection against the most malignant diseases of animals and humans - vaccines against anthrax and rabies, immediately, even during his lifetime, which found wide application in veterinary and medical practice around the world with outstanding socio-economic efficiency.
Communicating Banking Cyber-security Measures, Customer Ethical Concerns, Experience, and Loyalty Intentions: A Developing Economy’s Perspective
Authors: Mgiba Freddy Marilahimbilu , Mxotwa Thozama
Published: May 2024

AI technology-based banking services development has disrupted the way people participate in banking transactions. It has created easier and faster banking transaction possibilities with the use of electronic gadgets. However, ethical concerns about these applications have also been amplified together with the need for management communication of safety features and protocols for customer information protection, and redress when infringements occur. The study was an attempt to highlight how AI-enabled banking services safety communication affects customers’ ethical concerns and how the concerns shape their banking services value perception, attitude, and loyalty intentions. A conceptual framework based on the generic AI technology, ethical concerns, and loyalty intentions was used as a basis for this study. It attempted to test the link between management communication, ethical concerns, satisfaction/dissatisfaction, and customer loyalty to AI-based banking services in a developing economy context. The study used three theoretical grounding bases to empirically test the proposed hypotheses. The results analysis followed Structural equation modeling (SEM). The results confirmed the impact of management communication on customers’ ethical concerns of security, privacy, diversity, and discrimination, and the positive influence of privacy and security on satisfaction/dissatisfaction. However, the relationship between diversity and discrimination concerns with customer satisfaction was not confirmed. Lastly, customer satisfaction was proven to impact their loyalty intentions.
Leveraging P2P Architecture and Semantic Web for Enhanced Resource Discovery
Authors: Leonard K. Kirui  , Samuel M. Mbuguah  , Richard K. Ronoh
Published: May 2024

Web 4.0, also known as the next generation, intelligent internet, possesses the potential to become a widely and universally used communication medium for various types of information. However, its decentralized architecture lacks strong semantic support, resulting in an internet that is disorganized. The current system lacks the capacity to facilitate users' effective information discovery, extraction, and integration from multiple sources. Additionally, it fails to give consumers efficient tools for manipulating and turning acquired data into knowledge that is useful. Peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay technologies have recently come to light as a way to improve resource discovery on the internet. In dynamic and large-scale situations, these technologies provide a scalable framework for allocating, sharing, and gaining access to resources. The purpose of this research is to discuss on semantically enabled web architecture that makes use of P2P overlay technology. This architecture aims to facilitate structured and precise access to internet resources and promote knowledge sharing among community members who share similar interests. The paper examines the core elements of the semantic web architecture, which encompass the services and protocols responsible for resource advertising, discovery, and management, methods and material. It then delve into the hybrid peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay structure, specifically focusing on indexing and resource location, and explores the mechanisms necessary to facilitate scalable routing within a distributed environment.