bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POWER OF TRUTH OF PARRHESIA AND PARRHESIASIST IN THE POETRY COLLECTION OF ARAKIAN BALLAD
Authors: Banda Maria Matildis
Published: April 2022

According to power of their truth, poets have a responsibility in expressing the truth through their works. Therefore, the personal relationship between poets and their works is an absolute thing that can be examined from both personal and cultural point of view. This paper analyzes it through the poetry collection of Ballada Arakian (Arakian Ballad) (2014) written by Yoseph Yapi Taum (Yapi) with the main issue of how are the actual forms of personal relationship between Yapi and Arakian Ballad? This paper was written by using expressive approach to answer the issue. The theory used was the theory of power and truth by emphasizing parrhesia (fearless speech) and parrhesiasist (the one who uses parrhesia) according to M. Foucault. The method used was literature review and written interview to the poet. The result shows that the power and the truth owned by Yapi in the parrhesia implementation in his poetry collection, Arakian Ballad, express general themes about humanisms, religious, and reflection based on parrhesia: the poets personal relationship and the truth, the risk he faced in conveying the truth, and the poets responsibility as the parrhesiasist.DOI:10.24071/ijhs.2019.030111
APOCALYPTIC NARRATIVE SCHEMAS IN DYSTOPIAN FILMS
Authors: Muwaffaq Thafhan , Komar Nurul , Armandaru Rio
Published: April 2022

This research investigates the way dystopia as film genre is attributed with catastrophe or, what will be regarded here as apocalyptic events. We question the way in which the genre represents state of affairs of humanity in the face of catastrophe, in catastrophe, and after catastrophe. We conducted a narrative analysis under the account of semiotic cognitive approach, by identifying narrated events, and actions of the protagonist as constituting parts of event. We argue that narrative in dystopian films represent three types of apocalyptic schema (i.e. pre-apocalyptic, apocalyptic, and post-apocalyptic). Each schema seems to have distinct model of storyline, regardless of the predefined genre of the film (e.g. adventure, sci-fi, fantasy, etc.). Despite the distinct schemas, the analyzed films illustrate typical tone of hopefulness wherein humanity prevails over catastrophe and dystopian state of affairs. Another typical representation in dystopian films analyzed here is portrayal of collective fear among the protagonist. Our study leads to a point that humanity is portrayed adaptive to catastrophic situations, therefore it is able somehow to survive. Here we offer narrative standard in dystopia genre with the light of cognitive semiotics perspective, which differs to a great degree with theories offered by classical literary studies.
TETUN LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE IN EAST TIMOR FORMER REFUGEE COMMUNITY
Authors: Rafael Agnes Maria Diana
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted with the aims of: (1) describing the use of Tetun Language in East Timor former refugees community Manusak village and (2) describing the factors of Tetun Languages maintenance in Manuasak village. This research uses the sociolinguistic approach, the method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results of the study show that: (1) Tetun is still survives so far as it has migrated for 20 years from its native land. Of the 132 informants interviewed, 86.36% of informants used Tetun Language as a lingua franca with different age categories. For partner selection, 71.21% of informants use Tetun Language when communicating with family members and neighbors. Then 58% of informants use Tetun Language when communicating with family members, neighbors, and coworkers, while 21.21% of informants use the language when communicatin with family members, closest neighbors and game friends. The topics chosen were: (1) 59.09% of informants chose topic about daily life activities, 9.1% chose topics about daily life and some topics that are related to work, 14.4% of informants chose topics about daily life, economic topics, political topics, religious topics, and work topics, 6.81% of informants chose topics about daily life, topics about education, economic topics, political topics, topics about religion, and topics about work, and 10 , 60% of informants chose topics about daily life, topics about education, religious topics and work topics. For the domains of using Tetun Language, then Tetun Language is used in the family domain, neighborhood and at the workplace. Next are the factors caused the maintenance of Tetun Language: loyalty to mother tongue, pride in using Tetun Language , family supporting environment and regional conservation.
BEYOND THE PASTORAL: ENVIRONMENTAL IMAGINATION IN O.A BUSHNELL�S KA�A�AWA
Authors: Indriyanto Kristiawan
Published: April 2022

This paper explores the environmental imagination in O.A Bushnells Kaaawa through his representation of pastoralism. A Hawaiian novelist, Bushnell conceptualizes his idea of pastoral based on the Hawaiians traumatic experience with the Western colonial powers. Different with the Anglo-American discourse of pastoralism which emphasizes more on the individual self and the reorientation toward the natural world in rural area, Bushnell foregrounds the far-reaching impact of colonialism which affects even the periphery of Oahu island. The titular village of Kaaawa, previously a sacred place where the inhabitants with the blessing of Hawaiian gods lived bountiful with nature also suffers the outbreak of Western diseases. Instead of a place for reorientation and rejuvenation, Bushnells concept of pastoralism in Kaaawa evoke the traumatic experience of the islanders in which the picturesque landscape of Hawaii represents the silent witness towards the desolation of Hawaiian archipelago. To reiterate, this paper argues how Bushnell orients his work within the socio-historical background of Hawaii and deliver a critique towards the impact of colonialism towards the islanders through his conception of pastoral.
THE ROLE OF CULTURAL HEGEMONY IN MARIPOSA IN MAINTAINING GENDER COLOR ASSUMPTION
Authors: Fauziyah Nur Nabilah
Published: April 2022

The development of technology has a big contribution to creating cultural phenomena of global citizens. A movie as part of cultural products in this matter is not only considered as a cultural phenomenon, but it also can takes a significant role in shaping the culture itself. Specifically, this paper was conducted to discover denotative and connotative meaning of pink and blue color of school uniform in Mariposa and its relation of practicing hegemony in the context of gender color. In analyzing the meaning of color use in school uniform and the relation between pink and blue uniform with hegemony, the author uses Barthes semiotic and Gramscis hegemony as the theory. The data were collected from the images of movie scenes in Mariposa when the characters wear their school uniform. After analyzing the data, this study found that (1) The use of pink and blue color as a color of school uniform in Mariposa represents masculinity and feminity, (2) Mariposa movie is considered as a medium in operating hegemony, and (3) The hegemony is represented through pink and blue color of the movie characters uniform.
EXAMINING WOMANHOOD: NARRATIVES OF WOMEN’S SUBJUGATION AND NON-SURVIVAL IN FIVE SHORT STORIES FROM ASIA
Authors: Dionaldo Shara Rose Virgini Olaya , Soluta Andrea Gomez
Published: April 2022

This paper explores the discourse on womanhood in the Asian context by delving into the narratives of women characters in five short stories by three Asian writers. Specifically, it attempted to determine the images associated with Asian women based on the portrayal of the main protagonists in the selected short stories. It then analysed how these images construct womanhood and perpetuate such ideal in the Asian mindset. Viewed from both formalist and constructionist lenses, findings show that the women protagonists are relegated to their three-pronged traditional roles/images: daughter, wife, and mother. These images, in turn, shape how these characters behave and are seen by other characters - submissive, self-sacrificing and subjugated. However, despite an unrelentingly difficult life, all the five women still struggle to survive. Such act seems inconsistent with the above stereotypical construct of womanhood, though a closer look actually shows a different side to the said construct: strong, steadfast and resilient/survivalist. Not all of the protagonists overcome their tragic lives. Nonetheless, all five women manage to convey that the concept of womanhood is more complex than how it had been perceived in the past. This complexity is clearly illustrated in the lived realities of many Asian women today.
A STUDY OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY ERIN GRUWELL IN FREEDOM WRITERS MOVIE
Authors: Leihitu Sharly Prisca Maria , Triprihatmini Veronica
Published: April 2022

This study aims to identify and describe the four politeness strategies and the factors which are proposed by Penelope Brown and Stephen C. Levinson as seen in an American movie entitled Freedom Writers. It is qualitative research since the focus is on analyzing the utterances of the main character. The data is taken from the movie script. There are two research questions discussed in this study: (1) what are politeness strategies used by Erin Gruwell in the Freedom Writers movie? And (2) what factors influencing the politeness strategies? The findings show that Erin Gruwell applied the four politeness strategies, which are bald-on record, off-record, negative and positive politeness. However, the dominant strategy used by Erin is positive politeness, where Erin wants to get close and satisfy the hearer’s face. Related to the factors influencing the politeness strategies, the finding shows that there are two factors that affect Erin in choosing the politeness strategies: the payoffs and the sociological variables. In addition, sociological variables have three sub things: social distance, relative power, and rank of imposition.
INVESTIGATING EFL LEARNERS’ “INDONGLISH” USAGE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Riadil Ikrar Genidal
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the specific vocabulary in the Indonglish phenomenon that the Tidar University students use in the educational environment at Tidar University, the meaning that exists in Indonglish at Tidar University, and the impact Indonglish usage in the use of Indonesian is correct and right in the environment education in universities in Tidar University in a signification effort Indonesian. Indonglish is a term often used for the use of the English language which is nuanced by Indonesian culture. Indonglish study focuses on environmental education, particularly in higher education that is not only limited to the academic setting but also non-academic. The researchers used qualitative research, the data of this research were a wide range of speeches acquired in an educational environment, especially in Java, in which there are forms of language linguistically mixed Indonesian and English. Locational data source of this research were the perpetrators of students in environmental education at Tidar University. The result is the 5th semester students produced 35 Indonglish vocabulary and the 7th semester students produced 31 Indonglish vocabulary. The basic assumption for determining the locational data sources was the consideration that the students, faculties, and staffs had a varied background of social, economic, cultural so that it was expected to describe the condition of society. The data analysis was conducted by applying the distributional method that was commonly done in linguistics. The method of analysis was done after the data were collected and properly classified. Furthermore, the interpretation of the data was done.  Then, the interpreted data were presented informally.
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON TAYLOR SWIFT’S YOU NEED TO CALM DOWN MUSIC VIDEO WITH SEMIOTIC APPROACH
Authors: Max Jonathan Irene Sartika Dewi , Utomo Aries
Published: April 2022

As a mode of expression, music video involves the process of meaning-making. Its unique method of assembling symbolic codes should be apprehended differently from films even though some film technical terms are found applicable. This research takes Taylor Swift’s music video for her song You Need to Calm Down (YNTCD) which won two MTV VMA as Video of the Year and Video for Good in 2019. Barthes’s theory of semiotics is firstly applied to scrutinize the music video which is done by answering how the denotation and connotation meaning is made to respond to these issues. Discourse analysis is then applied to study what discourses are influential in the signification system of the music video. As a response to issues of hate speech, LGBTQ, and media toxic contestation, meaning in this video is built by (1) the objects symbolizing personal experiences, (2) borrowing meaning from the iconic show, (3) cameos demonstrating social conflict, (4) stage-setting exemplifying media toxic contestation, and (5) the painting indicating historical context. Thus, the YNTCD music video symbolically voices a counter-discourse to the mentioned social problems.
ENGLISH TEACHER PARTICIPANTS� ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE LEARNING SESSION OF TEACHING PROFESSION CERTIFICATION PROGRAM
Authors: Prihatin Pius N.
Published: April 2022

This research analyzes the engagement of English teachers who participated in the preparation of Teaching Profession Certification Program (TPCP/PLPG) in Sanata Dharma University. There were 70 English teachers from many schools in the Province of Central Java who participated in the online learning session before they follow the workshop session. The result of this analysis indicated that the level of active participation of the participants in the online learning session is very low. Although the mean score of the frequency of access (= 42.39) is above the expected frequency of access (24), the mean score of frequency of message (= 9.32) is far below the expected frequency of message (72). In addition, there are no significant differences between the engagement of male and female participants in both the frequency of access and the frequency of messages. Furthermore, the frequency of access indicates a weak correlation with the scores of final examination (r = 0.21, p .05), but the correlation between the frequency of access and the final examination scores does not significantly exist (r = 0.02, p .05). It is recommended that future attempts to carry out the online activities in professional development programs for English teachers should be focused on encouraging instructors and participants to be more engaged in the online learning environment.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2018.020201
ENGLISH PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS� IDENTITY DURING TEACHING PRACTICE: NARRATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Hapsari Brigitta Shinta , Ena Ouda Teda
Published: April 2022

This research attempts to discover the identities of pre-service teachers in a private university in Yogyakarta, in relation to their positioning of their students. In addition, this research also aims to study to what extent positioning can construct identities of the pre-service teachers. The participants of this research were two pre-service teachers of a private university in Yogyakarta. The data were obtained through interview. The findings of this research first showed that the pre-service teachers perceived various identities in relation to positioning of their students. However, it was found that there were different identities between the two participants even though they faced similar problems. Last, positioning might have a force for the pre-service teachers in constructing their identities.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030102
IMPLEMENTATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY IN NATURAL SCIENCES LEARNING OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TO OPTIMIZE THE STUDENTS� LEARNING RESULT
Authors: Fakhrudin Ali , Sri Yamtinah , Riyadi Riyadi
Published: April 2022

In this research, the researcher developed new innovation in natural sciences learning of elementary school by implementing augmented reality technology. The method that used in this research was research and development method based on Borg and Gall theory which consists of ten stages: 1) research and information collecting, 2) planning, 3) develop preliminary form of product, 4) preliminary field testing, 5) main product revision, 6) main field testing, 7) operational product revision, 8) operational field testing, 9) final product revision, 10) dissemination and implementation. The result of this research is learning media of natural sciences learning in elementary school by utilizing augmented reality technology. Based on the implementation of experiment, it is obtained the data that learning process using augmented reality which is developed can optimize the students learning result.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.2019.030101
REDEFINING IDENTITY: THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL LANGUAGE TEACHERS� NARRATIVES OF THE PAST AND PRESENT ENTERPRISE
Authors: Swanti Veronika
Published: April 2022

Researchers have been studying pre-service and in-service language teacher identity for more than two decades across countries. However, there is few research conducted in Indonesia regarding in-service language teacher identity in an international school. The present study aims at investigating international school language teachers prior experience and current teaching enterprise in redefining their professional and personal identity. The study employs qualitative method embracing questionnaire and in-depth interviews. There are 6 participants including teachers of Indonesian, English, Chinese, French, and Spanish language subjects. This study found that language teachers at AHS perceived their professional identity through the production of metaphors and the recalling of past and present teaching enterprise. Further exploration on the language teacher identity construction in Indonesia is then needed.DOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040110
CULTURAL FACTORS IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS: THE CASE ON ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL AMONG BADJAO STUDENTS
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich , Camulte Maria Cecilia , Raagas Darwin , Riña Teresita S.
Published: April 2022

This study focused mainly on the cultural factors such as beliefs, value practices and exposure to technology-related instructional materials in learning mathematics in regards to their level of achievement among Badjao students. At present, there are limited studies on the learning factors in regards to the level of achievement in mathematics among Badjao students in Bato, Leyte, Philippines. The study employed 71 Badjao elementary and high school students in four selected schools in the municipality of Bato, Leyte using a complete enumeration. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square Contingency Coefficient were used to characterize the variables of interest and to capture its relationships, respectively. Result reveals that the belief of Badjao students is high which indicates that mathematics is important to their daily lives and well-being. However, when it comes to their value practices, Badjao students rated average, which implies that they have mediocre study habits towards mathematics. Findings revealed that almost all of the Badjao students are beginners in their proficiency level in learning mathematics. Result shows that there is a significant relationship between mathematics achievement of the Badjao students and their beliefs about mathematics as well as their value practices in learning mathematics. Furthermore, their level of achievement in mathematics and level of exposure to technology-related instructional materials has no relationships.
SINGLE-SEX EDUCATION: DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE TO STUDENTS� ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT?
Authors: Nuraeni Surya Fajar Cahyo
Published: April 2022

Gender gap in education has been Indonesian governments big concern (Bappenas, 2013). The Ministry of National Development Planning of Republic of Indonesia has reflected data showing gender gap in academic achievement among boys and girls in Indonesia. They also realize the importance of catering for gender differences during teaching and learning process. They believe that providing single-sex education is an effective way to narrow gender academic achievement gap in schools. In this paper, single-sex education, coeducational education, and academic achievement become the core concepts to analyse this issue. The result of this investigation proves that single-sex education enables teachers to address gender differences in their classroom, enhances students motivation, and increases students participation in learning process. Finally, these are beneficial to students academic achievement. The discussion of this investigation brings implications for education practitioner to promote the implementation of single-sex education as it has positive impacts on students academic achievement. In addition, the discussion is expected to have implications for policy makers to consider the needs of implementing single-sex education to narrow gender academic achievement gap.Corresponding author: SuryaFajar Cahyo NuraeniDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040212
THE USE OF QUIZIZZ AND KAHOOT! IN THE TRAINING FOR MILLENNIAL GENERATION
Authors: Suharsono Agus
Published: April 2022

Digital transformation marked with internet and information technology use has entered into government apparatus learning, particularly the new employees constituting millennial generation inherent to gadget. Kahoot! and Quizizz are online quiz application that can be the choice to make the learning attractive and joyful. This research employed a quasi-experimental method only on the studied group, and the data was collected using questionnaire, observation, and documentation. Data was analyzed using logico-inductive method encompassing thee stages: coding, describing main characteristics and interpreting data. The result of research showed that Quizizz is more preferable to Kahoot! to the participants because in Quizizz question and answer appear on cell phone/laptop screen of individual participants so that they should not see the screen before the class just like that in Kahoot!; the answer in Kahoot! constitutes symbols while in Quizizz the real answer constitutes word, number, or figure; after the quiz has been completed, the questions answered can be checked in order to find out the ones answered incorrectly and mastered poorly by the participants.Corresponding author:AgusSuharsonoDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040215
SOCIAL NETWORK FOR LEARNING: AL-HIKMAH UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS� PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Makinde Semiu Olawale
Published: April 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the awareness and utilization of social network for learning among undergraduate students at Al-hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria. Gender, technology background, age, level, and area of specialization are the variables involved. The descriptive survey research design was employed to draw responses with the use of a self-structured questionnaire. All Al-hikmah university students are the population of the study while the target population are 200leve to 400level students from which a sample size of 400 undergraduate students was selected via random sampling techniques from six out of seven faculties available. The instrument was validated by experts and the reliability co-efficient using a split-half test was 0.86. Four research questions and one hypothesis were used for the study. Frequency distribution, charts, and t-test were the statistical tools used to analyse the data. The findings indicated that social network is used for educational purposes with improved engagement, better understanding of the subject matter as it helps to reinforce learning with technology because 80.0% of learners were digital native. Despite the benefits, the social network can interrupt personal study, distract the conventional classroom learning, loss of privacy and exposure to cybercrimes as indicated by the respondents with 82%, 68%, and 55% respectively. Hence, Tertiary Institutions should organize series of seminars, workshops, conferences to update, enlighten and encourage students and lecturers on the good and not forgetting the not too-good and disadvantages attached with the use of the social network as a tool for learning and interaction.Corresponding author:Semiu Olawale MakindeDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040204
JOB SATISFACTION AND INTERPERSONAL RELATION: A DETERMINANT OF JOB PERFORMANCE OF ACADEMIC STAFF OF COLLEGES OF EDUCATION IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Lewis Modupe Bosede , Olowo Busuyi Francis , Okotoni Comfort Abosede
Published: April 2022

This study investigated the influence of job satisfaction and interpersonal relations on job performance of academic staff of colleges of education in Lagos State. A quantitative approach with survey design was used for the study. Population for the study comprised 516 academic staff and 6042 students of all the colleges of education in Lagos State. Sample for the study comprised 51 lecturers and 604 students. The sample was selected using multistage sampling procedure. Two research instruments were used for the study. Data were analysed using percentage and ANOVA statistics at 0.05level of significance. The results showed that there was a high level of job satisfaction among the academic staff of the colleges of education in Lagos State (58%). The results also showed that there was a moderate level of interpersonal relations between the academic staff and the students (69.7%) and there was a moderate level of interpersonal relations between the staff and management of the institutions (48%). The study further showed that job satisfaction (F=3.026, df=20, 29, P 0.05) and interpersonal relations (F=3.026, df = 20, 29, P 0.05) had a positive significant influence on job performance of academic staff. The study concluded that job satisfaction and interpersonal relations positively influenced job performance of academic staff of colleges of education in Lagos State.Corresponding author:Busuyi Francis OlowoDOI: 10.24071/ijiet.2020.040214
ON THE DARK SIDE OF LEARNING CALCULUS: EVIDENCE FROM AGRIBUSINESS STUDENTS
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F , Tavera Ginna F
Published: April 2022

This study focused on evaluating the agribusiness students negative experiences in learning Calculus. The study employed 121 agribusiness students in the first semester of school year 2019-2020 in Visayas State University, Baybay City, Leyte, Philippines. A selected secondary data from the study of Casinillo and Casinillo (2020a) was utilized in this study. With the aid of correlational research approach, this study stresses to explain the nature and characteristics of negative effects of learning calculus which is very helpful for improving the level of achievement of students and modifying the strategy of mathematics teachers. Results showed that most of the agribusiness students dont have enough background in pre-calculus topics since there are only 9% of them took a STEM strand during senior high school. Seemingly, it is revealed that students are experiencing extreme stress, natural emotional exhaustion and frustration, and average absenteeism, somatic burden and laziness in learning Calculus. It is found out that the negative experiences of these agribusiness students are significantly related to each other. This suggest that these negative experiences are inter-correlated and dependent to each other which is wearisome to their studies and leads to poor academic performance. However, these students are driven to pursue studying calculus since its part to their requirements in their degree program. Hence, by proper motivation and appropriate teaching strategy in Calculus, these students can progress their level of achievement.
DEVELOPMENT OF MICROALGA DIVERSITY MODULE AS A BIOLOGICAL LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF X GRADE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN PROTISTA MATERIAL
Authors: Akbar Shohifa Aulia
Published: April 2022

Microalgae is a biological material that has an abstract nature, meaning that it cannot be directly observed by the five senses and must use certain tools to see it. The objectives of this study were: 1. Producing biology learning media in the form of modules, 2. Knowing the practicality of the module based on the activities and responses of students, 3. Knowing the effectiveness of using modules based on the achievement of indicators and 4. Knowing the feasibility of the module of microalgae diversity as a learning medium biology to improve the learning outcomes of class X high school students on protist material. This research method uses development research or R D with the development model of Borg and Gall, 1983. The results of the study based on the N-gain value showed that the experimental class got a higher score than the control class and had moderate effectiveness. Based on the validity test conducted by 3 validators, the results stated very valid so that it was suitable for use as a learning medium.Key word: Module, Microalgae, Learning Media
AN EVALUATION OF ENGLISH PROGRAM: A DEEP ANALYSIS OF EFL LEARNERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS ENGLISH PROGRAM
Authors: Sari Maria Puspa
Published: April 2022

This study investigated EFL learners’ attitude towards English program conducted by the language institute in an engineering college in Palembang. The program consisted of 36 regular meeting where participants learn English for their field and TOEFL test. This evaluation was conducted at the end of the program to advance the English program in the college to meet their learners’ of English. As a part of evaluation, this study evaluated six aspects in program namely teaching materials, teaching methodology, course fee, course design, facilities and service provided in the program. The participants of this study were 87.9% learners who took English course in the institute. A questionnaire consisting 15 items was given to the participants at the end of the program. This study revealed that most participants had positive attitude towards the English program provided by the language institute. Clearly, they were satisfied with the English program in the college. Keywords:  EFL learners, evaluation, attitude
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GRAMMAR TRANSLATION METHOD TO BETTER SPEAKING COMPETENCE SUPPORTED BY DEVELOPING READING AND LISTENING SKILLS
Authors: Suseno Edy , Purnomo Heru , Nuryana Amiatun
Published: April 2022

Learning to talk is difficult. The students had difficulty communicating their views to others. A study was done to assist them in correcting their flaw. The treatment enlisted the participation of 30 students from three different schools. Each school assigned ten individuals at random. There were a total of 13 learning opportunities. A pre-test was completed by the students in order to conduct such a treatment. It is a method of determining their prior understanding of the English language. The teacher uses the grammar translation method to begin the learning process. The teacher used podcasts to help students improve their grammatical understanding. The information was presented in the form of short stories and conversations. Students learn vocabulary, hearing, speaking, and grammar by modifying them. The students took a post-test at the end of the treatment. To answer the research question, data from the pre-test, post-test, and document were analyzed using the mixmethod method. From the analysis, it can be concluded that employing the grammar translation approach and podcast material can assist students improve their speaking skills. Other teachers could use the same outcome to teach related subjects. Other researchers can build on them to get other results.
USING ONLINE PEER REVIEW AS A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Ula Erfa Navadiatul , Umamah Atik
Published: April 2022

This qualitative research was conducted to investigate the use of online peer review as a strategy to improve writing skills in the revision process. Two  English students of a private university in Malang were recruited based on two criteria: 1) they have passed an academic writing course with an excellent score, and 2) they use online media to conduct peer reviews. Using a semi-structured interview, the students were asked what types of online resources they use to perform online peer review, and how they do peer review online. The interview data were analyzed using content analysis. To triangulate the data, investigator triangulation was performed by involving two data analysts. The results of the study were that students mostly used WhatsApp and Zoom media to conduct online peer reviews. In addition, they used several platforms such as grammar checkers, online dictionaries to assist the revision process. The students shared their writing product in the form of a file to their peers via WhatsApp and improve the results of the feedback by utilizing online sources or obtaining reviews related to grammar, writing effectiveness, and diction errors.
INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH TEACHERS’ VIEWS ON WORLD ENGLISHES IN L2 INSTRUCTION
Authors: Franssisca Ruth Eliana , Subekti Adaninggar Septi
Published: April 2022

The present study was conducted to investigate the views of six Indonesian senior high school teachers of English on the place of World Englishes (WE) in English as second language (L2) instruction. The study used semi-structured online interviews as the method of data collection. Through Thematic Analysis, it found several main findings. The teachers introduced varieties of accents to motivate their students and nurture respect towards accented English. They, however, did so at varying degrees, several in the intra-curricular activities, one in extracurricular activities only. Though they had different perspectives on the level of importance of introducing students with varieties of accents, they uniformly believed that it was acceptable for their students to speak English with local accents. The implication of the study includes accommodating WE to a certain extent in activities and assessment and raising English teachers’ awareness towards WE through accommodating it in English education majors’ curricula. Contributions, limitations, and future studies’ directions are also suggested.
Students� Problems in Writing Paraphrases in Research Paper Writing Class
Authors: Hayuningrum Herdiansari , Yulia Made Frida
Published: April 2022

Paraphrase is one of the techniques of incorporating sources in which every writer is allowed to borrow the authors ideas and restate them into their own words. Based on the previous study, it was found that English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) students, Sanata Dharma University, were unable to paraphrase properly since they tended to copy the authors words directly. If this problem was continuously ignored, it would be dangerous for the students because they could be charged with inadvertent plagiarism. This study was intended to investigate ELESP students problems in writing paraphrases and the reasons why they produce unacceptable paraphrases by conducting document analysis and interview in Research Paper Writing class. From the findings, it could be identified that the most frequent type of problem encountered by the students was word-for-word plagiarism.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2012.150101
Reading Wars: An Overview of the U.S. Educational Policy
Authors: Budiraharjo Markus
Published: April 2022

Educational scholars generally agree that educational policies are inevitably regarded as one of the most contested areas in education. On the one hand, democracy requires more involvement on the part of the citizens. At the most ideal level, democratic mechanisms have been developed to allow more people to more fruitfully participate in decision making. It follows that the political mechanisms would entail better policies, which represent the voices of any people. On the other hand, politics seems to run against this ideal. Policy making is highly convoluted with economy and political trade-offs. Drawing on debates over the phonic vs. whole-language policies in the U.S. in the past four or five decades, this paper sets to discuss the complexity of politics and language policy. A growing awareness of the complexity of politics and policy making is certainly a pressing need for those working in the area of English Education.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2012.150103
Voice Onset Time (VOT) and Vowel Duration
Authors: Veniranda Yohana
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the effects of voicing of a preceding and following plosive on the Voice Onset Time (VOT) and vowel duration. The data consist of words with CVC segments, with the four groups of samples that represent both voiced and voiceless plosives, both for the ones following and preceding the vowels. The preliminary hypothesis is that voicing of following plosives affects the length of the vowels, indicated by the vowel duration, and VOT is affected by the voicing of thepreceding plosives, not the following plosives. To compare the effects of voicing on the lengths of the vowel duration and VOT, the sound files are analyzed using the Praat program. The results of this study show that the voicing of the following plosives affects the vowel duration, while the voicing of the preceding plosives does not affect the vowel duration. The results also show that it is the voicing of the C1 plosives that affect the VOT. The word-ending plosives do not affect the VOT of the preceding plosives.This study is on English vowel duration and VOT affected by the following and preceding stops. A further study can be done to compare the results of the effects with another language.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2012.150201
Content Validity and Authenticity of the 2012 English Test in the Senior High School National Examination
Authors: Widyaningrum Frisca Ayu Desi , Prabandari Carla Sih
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses content validity and authenticity of the English testitems in National Examination (UN) year 2012. It is worth discussion because UN,which was administered nationally, was the most important standardized test toassess Indonesian students competence. The study aimed to find out how valid thecontent of the English test items of National Examination year 2012 for senior highschools isand how authentic the English test items of National Examination year2012 for senior high schools is. The writers employed a qualitative research withdocument analysis to conduct the analysis of both content validity and authenticityof the English test items. The data were obtained from the document and analyzedby using checklists. Besides, to maintain the validitiy of the analysis, a triagulationwas done by distributing aquestionnaire to four experts in language assessment.There were twofindings resulted form the analysis. First, the content of the NationalExamination year 2012 was 98.8% valid since almost all of the contents wererelevant to the test specifications. However, there were three reading test versionswhich failed to represent kinds of texts, namely explanation text. Second, theNational Examination year 2012 met the criteria of authenticity with percentage79.5% since some listening and reading test items failed to conform to authenticitycriteria. Natural language use, the relevance of the test topics, and real-worldrepresentativeness became problematic aspects to meet the higher standard ofauthenticity.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2013.160103
Question Word in the Mandarin Language
Authors: Yunyu Xu
Published: April 2022

In an interrogative sentence in Mandarin language, a question word can be placed in the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. Because of the different nationand culture, when a foreign student learns Mandarin, they find it difficult to understandthe question words and the position of the question words in that language. Because ofthat, the writer proposes to explain such problems. This research aims to find out whatare the types of question words in Mandarin, and also to explain the function and usageof question words in the Mandarin interrogative sentence. An interrogative sentence isa very important sentence. In Mandarin, the following question words: ?(shu) Who????(zi n?li) where, ???(zi n?er) where????(wi shnme) why, ??(z?nme) why????du? sh?o? how many???(du? ji?) how long????? (shnme shhu) when???(shnme) what????(zu shnme) why?? ??(gn shnme) why???(gnma) why and so on are used to ask who, where, what, how much, when, what time, and why. Those words havedifferent functions and usage.Each sentence has a certain structure and word order. A question word can beplaced in the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. When the place is changed, thereis a possibility of miscommunication.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2013.160106
Technology and Young Learners
Authors: Kastuhandani Fidelis Chosa
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, technology can be accessed by everyone easily, including young learners. This article discusses three things; the first is the discussion of what characteristics young learners have, the second discussion is about what kinds of technologies that could be integrated into classroom activities, and the third discussion is about how to weave ICT into young learners classroom setting. Employing ICT in teaching English to young learners, indeed, provides challenges for teachers to overcome. By far, the most useful resources in the classroom are the students themselves.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2014.170101
Students� Written Production Error Analysis in the EFL Classroom Teaching: A Study of Adult English Learners Errors
Authors: Sihombing Ranauli , Nissa Astri Khoirun , Estrelita Amelia
Published: April 2022

Errors analysis has become one of the most interesting issues in the study of Second Language Acquisition. It can not be denied that some teachers do not know a lot about error analysis and related theories of how L1, L2 or foreign language acquired. In addition, the students often feel upset since they find a gap between themselves and the teachers for the errors the students make and the teachers understanding about the error correction. The present research aims to investigate what errors adult English learners make in written production of English. The significances of the study is to know what errors students make in writing that the teachers can find solution to the errors the students make for a better English language teaching and learning especially in teaching English for adults. The study employed qualitative method. The research was undertaken at an airline education center in Bandung. The result showed that syntax errors are more frequently found than morphology errors, especially in terms of verb phrase errors. It is recommended that it is important for teacher to know the theory of second language acquisition in order to know how the students learn and produce theirlanguage. In addition, it will be advantages for teachers if they know what errors students frequently make in their learning, so that the teachers can give solution to the students for a better English language learning achievement.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2015.180205
Conversational Styles and Misunderstanding in Cross-Sex Conversations in He�s Just Not That into You Movie
Authors: Aryani Ayu Nyoman
Published: April 2022

Conversation is a social interaction among societies. In this case, gender differences in daily communication lead to mens and womens different point of views in performing styles of the conversations. Misunderstanding is likely to occur in crosssex conversations when the idea or thought are understood differently by men and women. This study was intended to analyze the use of conversational styles by men and women and also investigate the misunderstanding phenomena that happened in cross-sex conversations. The researcher identified that the conversational styles used by Alex as a male character in the cross-sex conversations were qualifiers, controlling the topics, verbal fillers, intensifiers, swear words, compound requests, tag questions, questions, interruptions, overlapping, and talk domination. Meanwhile, Gigi, as a female character used qualifiers, controlling the topics, verbal fillers, intensifiers, swear words, tag questions, questions, interruptions, overlapping, talk domination, and silence. In answering the second question, the researcher discovered factors that affected the misunderstanding in the cross-sex conversations between Alex and Gigi were involvement versus independence and message versus metamessage.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2016.190101
Students� Lived Experience on The Toughest Place to be a Binman in Critical Listening and Speaking 1 Class
Authors: Pudhika Martha Pritzanda
Published: April 2022

The use of authentic videos has been implemented in Critical Listening and Speaking 1 (CLS 1) class. For instance, the use of The Toughest Place to be a Binman video. This video gives the students meaningful experiences. The students do not only get the material but they can also get social and environment issues that appear in the video. After watching the video, the students are expected to have their own experience towards the use of The Toughest Place to be a Binman video in CLS 1. Therefore, the aim of this research was to have a better understanding on the students lived experience on The Toughest Place to be a Binman in CLS 1. This research employed phenomenology study because this research focused on the students lived experience. As a research result, the research showed the participants stories and the interpretation. There were four emerging themes that appeared from the data processed. Those were meaningfulness, compassion, motivation, and action. Those four themes connected between each other.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2016.190206
THE ROLE OF STUDENTS� MOTIVATIONAL SELF-REGULATION IN STRUCTURE III
Authors: Mukti Thomas Wahyu Prabowo
Published: April 2022

One of the important factors that influence the language learning, especially learning the basic rule of a language, is motivation. Many studies have tried to find out the correlation between motivation and self-regulation with the students' academic performance and they find out that both motivation and learning language are correlated so much. Thus, this paper specifically tried to find out the role of students motivational self-regulation with the students learning strategy. This research employed quantitative approach by employing survey method using observation sheet, questionnaire, and interview on some participants. The results of this study showed that the students motivation was high but they cannot self-regulate themselves.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200205
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING THROUGH SPEAKING ACTIVITIES DESIGNED IN A TEXTBOOK
Authors: Firiady Maryska
Published: April 2022

Abstract In pursuing the alignment between the goal of communication purpose and communicative approach, six new textbooks were designed to facilitate teaching-learning activities in Center of English for International Communication (CEIC) at Language Institute. Only an impressionistic overview was conducted as a pre-use evaluation due to limitation of time and resources. Thus, the writer attempted to do an in-depth pre-use evaluation of the recently revised textbook. This research aimed at investigating the activity variations and types of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) activities presented in the revised textbook used for teaching Level 1 students. The speaking activities in the textbook were analyzed using Littlewoods (1981) theoretical framework on suggested communicative activities. The results showed that the textbook has various learning activities accommodating CLT activities, pre-communicative activities, structural activities, listening activities, vocabulary building activities, and reading activities. The CLT activities found in the textbook were differentiated between functional communication and social interaction activities. Functional communication activities specifically sharing information with restricted cooperation, in the form of class surveys and information gaps were dominant compared to other activities.DOI: doi.org/10.24071/llt.2018.210111