bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Platinum on Electrical Propertires of Silicon Schottky Diode
Authors: Ueamanapong Surada , Srithanachai Itsara , Nararug Budsara , Janprapha Supakorn , Suwanchatree Ai Lada , Niemcharoen Surasak , Klunngien Nipapan , Poyai Amporn
Published: September 2013

The purpose of the paper is present the new result of electrical properties of Pt-doped silicon Schottky diodes that are fabricated by using CMOS technology. The results show the comparison of electrical properties namely current-voltage and capacitance characteristics between undoped and Pt-doped Schottky diode. The current characteristics of Pt-doped diode are decreased about 2 to 3 orders in term of reverse bias. As well as in case of forward bias, the current is slightly decreased. Schottky barrier height after Pt doping was increased from 0.84 eV to 0.86 eV. The built-in voltage of Pt-doped diodes was increased from 0.38 V to 0.42 V. The C-V characteristics after Pt doping is decreased about 5 pF. The change of electrical properties are caused by Pt because Pt atoms in silicon can occupy interstitial sites and change the trapping center. This paper will study and analyze the effect of Pt atom in silicon bulk of Schottky diode.
Minority Carrier Lifetime Controlling of Mesa Diodes by Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Titthikusumarn Wiwa , Jakpetch Wittaya , Titiroongruang Wisut
Published: September 2013

Mesa diodes were irradiation by electron beam at various doses of 25, 50 and 75 kGy to find optimum dose for controlling minority carrier lifetime. The experiment result shows that electron beam can reduce minority carrier lifetime from 24.3 ns to 14.8, 9.5 ns and 7.9 at dose of 25, 50 and 75 kGy, respectively. However, the result of electron beam is not only reduce the lifetime but also effected to other electrical properties such as increasing in saturation current density about 2-3 times, increasing in reverse leakage current density about 3 times. Dominant cause of reverse leakage is increasing in generation current via center traps which formed by the irradiation.
The Effect of Coarse Aggregate Gradation Degradation on the Mechanical Behavior of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Ye Yong , Chen Hong Kai , Cai Yi Zhou
Published: September 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effect of coarse aggregates (aggregate size bigger than 2.36 mm) on the compressive strength and creep behavior of asphalt mixture. The variable that is mainly considered in the study is the gradation degradation of coarse aggregates. A kind of standard aggregate gradation and three kinds of degraded aggregate gradation mixture specimens are used. Uniaxial compression and static creep tests were realized at different loading conditions and temperatures. The test results on asphalt mixture showed that the compressive strength and creep behavior of asphalt mixture are significant affected by the different coarse aggregate gradations.
Study the Micromechanical Behavior of PLA Film
Authors: Douadji L. , Benkhenafou Fethi , Du Wei Wei , Tcharkhtchi A. , Madani M.
Published: September 2013

The objective of this work is the study of the mechanical stress influence on the structural evolution. In particular, we studied the initiation and the plasticity mechanisms propagation of a semicrystalline polymer at small scales. The material is polylactic acid (PLA) film with average molar mass of 199 kg/mole and a thickness of 200 μm. The lamellate morphology of this material is very heterogeneous: in given area and packages of different orientation plates, they are spherulites α and β which have a different mechanical behaviour on a lamellate scale.
Extended Innovative Product Design with Hosiery Materials
Authors: Xie Jing Chen
Published: September 2013

According to the requirements of the extended innovative product design with hosiery materials from the manufacturer, this study adopted the purposive sampling method with the students from two first-grade classes of the Department of Design in a university of science and technology in Taiwan who entered the university in 2011 as the research subjects, in the teaching and learning processes of a professional design curriculum performed idea inspiration and creative method applications though the cooperative teaching methods with the teachers, discussed and modified the works through individual discussion teaching methods, scored the works based on the pre-set criteria, and selected more representative creative works as the references of product extended design and R&D for the manufactures.
Mechanical Behavior of the Spacing between Two Dental Implants
Authors: Sifi M. , Benkhenafou Fethi , Bennacer D. , Benaissa M. , Serier B.
Published: September 2013

Replace lost teeth by artificial prosthetic has been a preoccupation since the dawn of human time. The aim of our work is to study mechanical behavior of the interaction distance between two dental implants, in order to serve as support for a crown, a bridge element or an attachment of the prosthesis.Our purpose is to make a comparative study of five models that is different only by the interaction distance between 0.5 mm and 2 mm spacing two implants, to clarify the mechanical behavior of this interaction distance. The used materials are the biomaterials which are intended to be in contact with biological systems. Modeling of dental implant and the various components is done using Solidworks.We studied the static mechanical behavior of the implant using numerical methods.
Study on the Efficient Cognition of Disaster Prevention Signs for Library Buildings
Authors: Chen Yan Ran , Niu Li Chao
Published: September 2013

This paper is an research concentrated on the efficient cognition of disaster prevention signs for library buildings, considering the relevance between the domestic and foreign public buildings disaster and disaster prevention signs, with a site investigation and a questionnaire investigation of library public buildings. Proposals we raised for the efficient cognition of library public buildings in order to strengthen the design of the disaster prevention signs in the forms, details and humanization, improve and perfect the systematic settings of disaster prevention signs to achieve the effect of optimizing the efficient cognition of the disaster prevention signs.
Effective Elastic Moduli of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites Filled with Nanoparticle
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Zong Fu , Xu Jia Chu
Published: September 2013

Effective moduli of fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites filled with nanoparticle considering the effect of linear change of interphase are presented in this paper. The three-phase inclusion problem for matrix-interface-particle is equivalent to the Eshelby two-phase inclusion problem. According to the result of the Eshelby inclusion problem, the effective modulus tensor of unit cell of equivalent particle is derived. The effective moduli of equivalent matrix are given based on Mori-Tanaka method. Using two fundamental equation of micromechanic theory, the three-dimensional bridged formulation of unidirectional composites is derived. The quantitative relationship between the macroscopic elastic parameters and the structural parameters of the fiber-reinforced polymer composites filled with nanoparticles is investigated. Effects of the thickness of interfacial layer, the particle size and the volume fraction of nanoparticles on the effective elastic moduli of the composites are also discussed.
Compact Printed Antenna for Mobile Phone
Authors: Hsieh Tsang Yen , Wang Jyh Liang , Hwang Chuan Chou , Chen Wei Chuan
Published: September 2013

A small-size printed antenna is proposed for the application of mobile phones. The antennacomprisesan outer strip, an inner strip, and a common section.It not only occupies a compact area of 25 × 20 mm² butalsosupports two wide bandswithinthe resonantmodes. Prototypes of the antenna had been constructed and experimentally verified. The measured results of the antenna show the bandwidth cover the existing service bands of GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS within 6 dB return loss specification, and also have good radiation patterns and antenna gains.This antenna is well suitable to be used for mobile phone application.
Program for Verification of the Specification Form "Circularity"
Authors: Mangouchi A. , Cheikh A. , Benkhenafou Fethi
Published: September 2013

As part of the verification of geometric specifications of manufactured parts by the conventional method "of marble and dial gauge" variability measurement deviations probing points is highlighted in several swings of the test piece.Often metrologist cannot really confirm that the part is good or bad.To overcome this problem of acceptance or rejection of the mechanical part, we offer a CAD computer program for checking the specification form for circularity following experimental study.
Emissivity Estimation Using Thermographic Camera
Authors: Nunak N. , Roonprasang K. , Suesut T. , Nunak T.
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a method based on the spectra response of IR detectors mounted on thermographic camera for emissivity measurement at various target surface temperatures, while the reflected temperature istaken into account, and also studies on the effect of surface roughness on the emissivity value. The emissivity (ε8-14μm) of general engineering material such as iron, stainless steel, brass, copper and aluminum obtained in this paper are in agreement with other literatures. Finally, results found that the roughness and emissivity of equipment increases with increasing of the operating time.
A New BP Algorithm and its Application
Authors: Liu Fang , Li Yue Guang
Published: September 2013

In this paper, based on the combination of Genetic algorithm and BP algorithm, a new algorithm is proposed in this paper. The BP operator is embedded in the genetic operation in the algorithm, the algorithm effectively assimilates the global optimization of genetic algorithm and fast convergence of BP algorithm, and it encodes the construction and the weights hybrid with real code and binary code, achieving the same step optimization of structure and weights. The simulation results show that, the new algorithm can quickly converge to the global optimal solution, but also can obtain the best approximation of weights in the network structure.
Authentication Based on Eyes-Closed EEG
Authors: Zhang Xue Min , Xiong Zeng Gang , Mu Zhen Dong
Published: September 2013

Authentication more prominent characteristics of self-control, identify the relative characteristics and identification, data analysis more difficult, phase synchronization method of this paper, a set of EEG data collected for analysis to each experimenter as a sample set for feature extraction, and then in a group of experimenters internal identification, the recognition rate up to 45%, and the use of event evoked potentials for the accuracy of the identification has a large gap, but in some less demanding recognition rate under a certain value.
A FPGA-Based Design of Floating-Point FFT Processor with Dual-Core
Authors: Ding Jun , Li Na
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a dual-core floating point FFT processor design based on CORDIC algorithm, enabling high-speed floating-point real-time FFT computation, and its time complexity is (N / 4) Log (N / 2). The design unifiesthe floating complex multiplication and the evaluationof twiddle factors into an iteration, which not only reduces the complexity of complex multiplication but also reduces the difficulty when the butterfly unit deals with floating-point in fast Fourier transform. The butterfly unit unaffected by the size of external memory can handle the Fourier transform with high sample number, both having wider handling range and high handling precision. It uses two logical cores and pipeline technology to improve overall system throughput, with simple hardware structure and system stability.At the end, it does the post-simulation on the Altera chip EP2C35F672C6, and its timing simulation can be run properly under the 50 MHz clock frequency.
A Real Time Adaptive Monitoring Method for Power Signal Harmonic Analysis
Authors: Li Tao , Pi Xue Jun , Liu Rui
Published: September 2013

With wider deployments of smart meters, smart grids, and distributed generation, power quality monitoring has become increasingly important. It is well known that fast Fourier transform (FFT) is a powerful tools for power signal harmonic analysis, but leakage effect, picket fence effect, and aliasing effect make FFT suffer from specific restrictions. In this paper, we proposed a new method for power signal harmonic analysis. The major components of this method are a frequency and phasor estimating algorithm, a real time procedure and an adaptive monitoring. To verify this method, we provided the comparisons of this method with FFT.
The Specific Binding between Aptamer and its Target Molecules Investigated by Microcantilever Sensor
Authors: Zhang Hui Yong
Published: September 2013

Cantilever with modified aptamers on the gold surface was employed to detect platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and cocaine. The deflection increased when PDGF-BB and cocaine were added into the flowing cell, respectively. The defection depended on the concentration of PDGF-BB and cocaine. It was also found the microcantiver went back to the same position as without cocaine after adding cocaine aptamer in situ, which proved that the cantilever could be reused. The deflection arose from the specific interaction between aptamer and its target.
Design of a Reflective Type Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Multiple Total-Internal Reflections Theory in Heterodyne Interferometry
Authors: Wang Shinn Fwu , Liu Che Yu , Lay Shyh Rong , Chu Yi , Liao Yu Pin , Kao Fu Hsi , Liu An Li
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a reflective type optical fiber sensor (OFS) based on multiple total internal reflections in heterodyne interferometry is proposed. The sensor is made of a multimode optical fiber which cladding was removed and polished as a top shape. And the end surface of the sensor is designed as a micro-mirror. As a heterodyne optical source is launched into the optical fiber sensor at a suitable incident angle, we can obtain the phase difference between s-and p-polarizations at the output of the optical fiber sensor. By numerical simulation, it is clear that the resolution of the system by using the intensity method can reach refractive index unit (RIU) at least in the measurement range of. The OFS could be valuable for chemical, biological and biochemical sensing. It has some merits, such as, high resolution and stability, small size and real-time measurement.
A Curled Piezoelectric Cantilever for Two Dimensional Vibration Energy Harvesting
Authors: He Xue Feng , Cheng Yao Qing , Gao Jun , Zhu You
Published: September 2013

To harvest ambient vibration energy of different directions, a micromachined vibration energy harvester which can harvest two-dimensional vibration energy was proposed. The harvester is composed of a curled piezoelectric cantilever, a proof mass and the substrate. One end of the cantilever is fixed onto the substrate and the other end is connected with a proof mass. It is the residual stress of micromachining processes that causes the cantilever to curl. A proof-of-concept prototype of the two-dimensional vibration energy harvester was assembled and tested to evaluate the performance. Experimental results show that the vibration direction with the highest energy scavenging efficiency changed with the frequency of the ambient vibration. The vibration energy of any direction in the neutral plane of the curled cantilever can be harvested by using the first two natural vibration modes of the prototype.
A Multi-Objective PSO Algorithm Based Niche Technique for Service-Workflows Scheduling
Authors: Zhang Xiao Dong , Zhang Jin Cheng , Zeng Fan Yu
Published: September 2013

Time-cost optimization problem in service-workflows is a widely existing problem hard to be solved in practical systems. In this paper, an Niche Technique multi-objective PSO method is proposed. Generating initial optimal solutions with single-objective. External Population and Niche Technique and Meshing hybrid method is introduced to obtain an evenly distributed Pareto set. Experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm is efficient and effective. For various characteristic instances, more evenly distributed Pareto Sets are obtained with high quality.
Perception Interactive Terminal Software Based on Android Platform
Authors: Qin Xiao Min , Xu Kun Peng , Qi Xue Qing
Published: September 2013

This article is to design and implement a perception interactive terminal software based on android platform. Its main function is appliance control, energy consumption analysis, timing tasks, electricity alert, device management and system settings. The software provides the perception interface and function to grid companies and consumers. It achieves the inquiry of electric bill, electricity price and electricity consumption, the intelligent appliance control and the electricity management of household. It also has some practical value for smart grid construction. This paper mainly describes the functional architecture and implementation of the perception interactive terminal software.
Two-Staged Load Balancing Mechanism in LTE Self-Organization Networks
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Jing Jing , Chen Jian Ya
Published: September 2013

In mobile communication system, the traffic is time-varying and unpredictable, so there will be some hot-spot cells. It means that, the number of service request is much higher than an acceptable level in some cells, which may result in call-blocking with a large probability. But in other cells of system there are still resources available to serve more users. How to avoid the imbalance to effectively improve the system's resource utilization is what load balancing need to solve. In this paper, a new kind of event-trigger mechanism using cell load status information exchange between eNBs via X2 interface is presented. Additionally, based on it, a novel load balancing algorithm, named TSLB(two-staged load balancing), for LTE systems is put forward. Using this algorithm, eNBs can start corresponding load balancing procedure accurately according to the cell load status in real-time without any manual intervention. Simulation results show that the method is valid and it can increase the system throughput significantly as well as decrease the network delay.
A DRM Interoperability Architecture Based on Local Conversion Bridge with Proxy Re-Cryptography
Authors: Su Li Hao , Zhang Wei Wei , Zhang Ru , Liu Jian Yi
Published: September 2013

Various DRM standards curb users freedom to transfer and share digital contents among rendering devices. Several interoperability schemes that accommodate devices DRM compatibility have been raised through content distribution or sharing channel, these approaches are usually implemented by domain management or third party transformation services. Most of these schemes emphasize their advantages over others on trust level, security, cost, efficiency and flexibility. Our proposal integrates previous work to maintain the basic requirement of DRM system, we stick to local third party as the foundation for interoperability, we also use proxy re-encryption scheme to protect raw content from disclosure during content translation. And we try to enhance the system by bringing in three principles: security of content encryption key, fewest participants in conversion and minimum calculation requirements for end device. Finally, Statistical demonstration is presented with comparison to other schemes in our analysis to prove performance improvements.
Analysis and Application of Three Methods of Fault Diagnosis Problem
Authors: Wang Hong Xu , Zhang Kun , Wang Hai Feng , Wang Hui
Published: September 2013

The problem of fault diagnosis of steam turbine used three methods of generating units, the results show that not only the method in this paper is multiple fault diagnosis method, and the formula is more simple, more practical application results.
Overview of Distribution Network Automation Technology
Authors: Zhou Xue Song , Hou Zhao Hao , Ma You Jie
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a general overview of distribution network automation technology. With the continuous development of society and economy, the distribution network automation has become the trend and developing direction of electric power system. As the end part of the electric power system, the distribution network is directly connected to the consumers and plays a vital role in improving the quality and reliability of power supply. In order to provide reference for improving the reliability of distribution network and to speed up the development of distribution network automation, this paper analyses the system structure, development status and trend of distribution network automation technology.
Review of Control Methods for Active Power Filters
Authors: Ma You Jie , Yuan Hong De , Zhou Xue Song
Published: September 2013

With the wide application of power electronic equipments in power system, more and more harmonic are poured into the power system, which cause power pollution and make the power quality problem increasingly serious. Active power filter (APF) is an important equipment to compensate harmonic and reactive current in power system. One of the key technologies lies in the real-time and accurate control. The fundamental principles of several control strategies of compensate current were presented, and the respective merit and demerit of these control strategies were pointed out with contrast analysis in this paper. Active power filter will achieve a higher performance and a wider application with the continuous development of the control strategy.
Overview on Distribution Network Service Restoration Methods
Authors: Ma You Jie , Zhou Kun , Zhou Xue Song
Published: September 2013

After a distribution network failure occurs, how to correctly and quickly restore power supply to non-fault zone is of great significance to meet the user's power supply requirement and to improve power supply reliability. At first, this paper introduces the research status of service restoration algorithm of distribution network, and then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms. At last, it expounds the problems existing in the current distribution network service restoration and makes prospect of research on the distribution network service restoration.
Construction of Comprehensive Budget Management System Based on EVA
Authors: Xia Bin , Zhuo Jia
Published: September 2013

Comprehensive budget management as the important tool of enterprise internal control and management goal achieving gradually expose some problems like out of touch with strategy, budget work become a mere formality in the long running process. This thesis puts the concept of EVA into the comprehensive budget management, find out the dominant position of the comprehensive budget management based on EVA, discuss on the comprehensive budget management system building, and seek a new way for the enterprise comprehensive budget management.
Coupled Control of Chlorobenzene and NO over V2O5/TiO2 Catalyst in NH3-SCR Reaction
Authors: Wang Xue , Wang Jian , Zhu Ting Yu
Published: September 2013

The V2O5/TiO2catalyst is used to control chlorobenzene and NO simultaneously in NH3-SCR reaction. XRD characterization of the catalyst is carried out. The effect of NO and NH3on the chlorobenzene catalytic conversion is studied and opposite results are concluded. NO slightly increases the catalytic conversion rate of chlorobenzene under 250oC while NH3 obviously declines the chlorobenzene catalytic degradation at 300oC. The best coupled control efficiency can be achieved at 350 oC.
Heat Treatments Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Industrial Drawn Copper Wires
Authors: Boumerzoug Zakaria , Boumerzoug Zakaria , Ji Vincent
Published: September 2013

In this present investigation, the mechanical properties of industrial drawn copper wires have been studied by creep tests, tensile tests and hardness Vickers. The effect of prior heat treatments at 500°C for different time on the drawn wires behavior was the main goal of this investigation. We have found that these heat treatments influenced the creep behavior of drawn wires and recorded shape curves. The creep tests were applied under ambient atmosphere at 240 °C. The creep duration before rupture decreased with the prior heat treatment time. The creep tests results were confirmed by tensile tests. A relationship between the hardness and the ultimate tensile strength of this industrial material has been established. Optical and scanning electron microscopy observations have been also used. Cross section observations of the wire after tensile or creep-rupture tests have shown that the mechanism of rupture was mainly controlled by the void formation.
High-Temperature Oxidation of WC-20%TiC-10%Co Carbides
Authors: Hwang Yeon Sang , Lee Dong Bok
Published: September 2013

The oxidation characteristics of WC-20%TiC-10%Co sintered carbides were studied by oxidizing at 700, 800 and 900 °C for 3 h in air. The samples oxidized fast with large weight gains, displaying quite poor oxidation resistance. The formed oxide scales that consisted primarily of CoWO4, WO3, and TiO2 were porous, and prone to cracking.
Tensile Properties of Aminosilane Treated Rice Husk/ Recycled PVC Composite
Authors: Ramle Mohd Syazwan , Romli Ahmad Zafir , Abidin M.H.
Published: September 2013

Rice husk is an agricultural waste produced in bulk quantity as a part of rice milling. There have been many approaches in utilizing rice husk as fillers in polymer composite. However, recycled PVC has not been reported to be used in PVC/rice husk composites yet. In this research, a good interfacial interaction between rice husk and recycled polyvinylchloride has been achieved by incorporation of aminosilane as coupling agent. The aminosilane treated recycled polyvinyl chloride was mixed with rice husk and then fabricated by using hot compression moulding. Three different ratio of rice husk to recycled polyvinyl chloride were used which is 65/35, 55/45 and 45/55 as shown in Table 1. The positive effect of rice husk reinforcement as well as surface treatment has been reflected in the improved tensile properties of the resulting polyvinyl chloride based composite. However, flexural stress of the treated composite drops with increasing filler percentage. The incorporation of aminosilane as coupling agent increases the tensile stress of 45 wt% of rice husk significantly. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to understand the failure mechanisms of aminosilane modified rice husk filled recycled polyvinylchloride composites. The findings can be used to increase the effort in recycling rice husk and PVC.
Effect of Calcium Carbonate on Thermal Properties of CaCO3/Kenaf/HDPE and CaCO3/Rice Husk/HDPE Composites
Authors: Noor Zuhaira Abd Aziz , Rahmah Mohamed
Published: September 2013

In this research, the thermal properties of 30% filler loading of natural fibers with varying filler loadings of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were studied. CaCO3was compounded using twin-screw extruder with rice husk/high density polyethylene (HDPE) and kenaf/HDPE composites to produce composites. Compounded composites were prepared and tested for thermal properties. The thermal stability of the components was examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) to identify the influence of CaCO3filler loading on thermal properties of the composites. The cycle heating for TGA was 30-800°C while for differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) was 30-300°C. Melting temperature (Tm) of kenaf/HDPE hybrid composites increased slightly with addition of 10% CaCO3. However, decreasing Tmwas found for all CaCO3filler loading in rice husk/HDPE composites. The DSC analysis showed that the degree of crystallinity (Xc) of hybrid composite decrease with the addition of CaCO3filler loading. From TGA result, CaCO3/kenaf/HDPE hybrid composite showed better thermal stability compared to CaCO3/rice husk/HDPE hybrid composite.
Mechanical Properties of Green Recycled Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene (MAPP) Coupling Agent
Authors: Zulkifli Nur Izzati , Samat Noorasikin
Published: September 2013

Recycled polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose (rPP/MCC) composites were prepared by adding different loadings of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) coupling agent. The tensile, impact and morphological properties of the composites were investigated. The obtained results show that the tensile and impact strengths of the composites were significantly enhanced with the addition of MAPP loading from 2 to 5 wt%, as compared with unfilled rPP/MCC composites. However, it was found that at low filler content, different amounts of MAPP resulted in no appreciable change in the tensile strength and modulus. Moreover, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results indicated that, increasing the amount of MAPP loading from 2 to 5 wt% in rPP/MCC provide better stiffness of the composite compared to those neat rPP and neat PP. Field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM) has shown that the composite, with MAPP loading, promotes better fibermatrix interaction.
Effect of Epoxidized Oil on Tensile and Tear Strength of NR Vulcanizate and its Comparison with Aromatic Oil NR Vulcanizates
Authors: Rahmah Mohamed , Norazira Wan Zain , Mohd Ahmad Faiza , Norizan Mohd Nurazzi
Published: September 2013

Epoxidized oil (EO) is a sustainable oil that can be obtained form edible or non-edible naturals oil. The incorporation of epoxidized oil can increase the green component in rubber compound. It can contributes to worldwide technology specially in green tyre manufacturing. Epoxidized oil has the potential to replace aromatic oil (AO) to rubber and polymer industry. The effect of incorporation of EO and AO into natural rubber vulcanizates (NR) was studied via tensile and tear strength tests according to ISO 31-1977 and ISO 6133, respectively. Tensile strength of AO value showed greather value compared to EO. Gradual increases of elongation were observed form both AO and EO. Both moduli at 100% and 300% elongation, showed reductions as oil loading were increased. The tear strength results showed that tearing energy insignificantly increased with oil loading. EO compound was found to possess higher tearing energy compared to AO compound for most composition except for 15 pphr EO.
Thermal and Tribological Properties of Phenolic/CNT-Alumina Hybrid Composites
Authors: Mohd Saleh Siti Shuhadah , Hazizan Md Akil , Md. Nasir Ramdziah , Hasmi Herza
Published: September 2013

Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced polymer composites are of great interest, because their superior properties can produce composite materials with high strength, light weight, and multifunctional features. In this work, the thermal and tribological properties (wear) of Phenolic/CNT-Alumina Hybrid composites were studied. The CNT-alumina hybrid (chemically hybrid) was produced via Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD). The Phenolic/CNT-Alumina Hybrid composites were fabricated using hot mounting moulding. The tribological properties were monitored using a Ducom TR-20 pin-on-disk tester, under dry sliding conditions. The thermal conductivity was measured using the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method, using a Hot-DiskTM Thermal Constant Analyzer. The results show that CNT-Alumina hybrid enhanced the thermal and tribological properties of the polymer composites.
Electrical Properties of Graphene Filled Natural Rubber Composites
Authors: Srinivasarao Yaragalla , Ri Hanum Yahaya Subban , Chan Chin Han , Nandakumar Kalarikkal , Sabu Thomas
Published: September 2013

Thermally reduced graphene oxide (graphene) filled natural rubber (NR) composites were fabricated by melt mixing method. Dielectric constant, dielectric loss and a.c conductivity data of the NR composites are reported. Highest conductivity of 3 x 10-4 S/m was obtained for the composite with 3 wt. % graphene with initial electrical percolation at a loading of 0.5 wt. %. High conductivity in the composite with 3 wt. % graphene is accounted by its homogeneity as observed in SEM micrographs.
Comparative Study on Effect of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants on Curing Characteristic and Properties of Different Natural Rubber Origin Compounds
Authors: Shuhaimi N.H.H. , Othman Nadras , Ismail Hanafi , Sasidharan S.
Published: September 2013

Effect of natural and synthetic antioxidants on curing characteristic and properties of different natural rubber (NR) origin compounds were performed in this study. The evaluations of natural antioxidant (NA) performance in different NR origins were conducted and the changes in curing characteristic, crosslink density, fatigue life and compression set were recorded. The results indicated that Standard Thailand Rubber (STR) compound has longer processing time in curing characteristic due to a longer chain which is high molecular weight. Because of that, crosslink density, fatigue life cycle (Kc) and compression set (%) of STR compound show better result compared to other origins. On the other hand, NR compounds with NA have show better fatigue and compression set compared with trimethylquinoline (TMQ) especially for STR 5L. Thus, NA can be used as an alternative to the commercial antioxidant in all rubber compounds.
High Temperature Oxidation of Al-Alloyed SiMo Cast Iron in CO2-Containing Atmospheres
Authors: Chandra-ambhorn Somrerk , Tummaporn Thublaor , Jiradech Pongpankasame
Published: September 2013

The SiMo cast iron with 5.45 wt% of Al has been developed for using as an automotive exhaust manifold. Cyclic oxidation test of that alloy and the conventional SiMo cast iron was conducted at 850 oC in 5%CO2+12%O2+83%N2 and 10%CO2+12%O2+78%N2. It was found that oxidation kinetics of the SiMo cast iron alloyed with 5.45 wt% of Al was lower than that of the SiMo cast iron. An X-ray diffraction technique and a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy were performed for characterisation. Thermal oxide scale on the SiMo cast iron consisted of hematite, magnetite and silica, while it was mainly alumina, additionally with hematite and magnetite, for the SiMo cast iron alloyed with 5.4 wt%. Formation of the alumina promoted oxidation resistance of the later cast alloy.
Multi-Layer Metal Matrix Alloy Surfacing Composite Material Fusion Research on the 45Mn-Austenitic Stainless Steel-(Cr-Ni) System
Authors: Zhao Yu Ping , Xu Yu Hai
Published: September 2013

This article in view of the 45Mn-austenitic stainless steel-(Cr-Ni) system composed of metal alloy surfacing multilayer composite materials of the fusion mechanism research, through the hardness testing, impact test and analysis of the abrasion resistance testing, the results show that: Cr-Ni surfacing welding metal alloy system has good abrasion resistance, but the fusion welding the gender is poorer, as long as the matrix in martensite properly morphology of carbon dioxide, its hardness &abrasion resistance may achieve in, high carbon equivalent to achieve performance, show that the alloy elements Mn composite materials plays an important role in improving the wear resistance. Then define the matrix with 45Mn as metal materials, with austenitic stainless steel as sandwich bond, Cr-Ni system alloy metal as surfacing welding surface layer, a new multi-level composite material with excellent comprehensive performance. For multilayer compound material field research provides a theoretical basis.
Hydrometallurgical Pretreatment Process for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from the Lead Anode Slime
Authors: Wu Wen Hua , Wang Zhi Jian , Liu Ji Bo
Published: September 2013

After stacking pre-oxidation treatment, lead anode slime was leached in sulfuric acid added with sodium chloride and oxidant of sodium chlorate. The leaching rates of As, Te, Sb, Bi and Cu are more than 98% with potential controlled at 500mV. And noble metals are left in the residue, which are separated from the base metals effectively. Through cooling and crystallizing out arsenate, the solution is reduced with potential controlled. According to reducing slag, the recovery rate of Te is 96.52%. Sb is recovered by neutralizing hydrolysis and the recovery rate is 95.2%. By the effect of iron powder, As, Bi and Cu are entirely reduced with the recovery rates of Bi and Cu to be 91.56% and 83.49%, respectively. The total recovery of As from the crystalline product and reducing slag achieves 91.56%.
Philosophy and Application on Circulating Economy for Contemporary Steel Plant
Authors: Zhang Fu Ming , Meng Xiang Long , Cao Chao Zhen , Li Lin
Published: September 2013

Steel is an important and indispensable foundational material of human social development. Modern iron and steel production is not only a single function of steel product manufacture, also must have two functions of highly efficient energy conversion and disposal the waste and realize the function of resource recovery. Under the condition of shortage of the current resources, inadequate energy supply, and the ecological environment constraint, the modern steel plant have to build a circulating economy development mode, to achieve reduction, recycling and reusing. Combining with the Shougang Jingtang steel plant design and construction, the application and effect of development of circulating economy in modern steel plant has been expatiated in this paper.
Advantages of MEMS and its Distinct New Applications
Authors: Chen Ying Jian
Published: September 2013

In this paper,we first discuss the main distinct advantages of MEMS as well as the important differences between MEMS and IC,then some latest research progresses on biomedical, optical and automotive applications of MEMS are briefly reviewed. Finally,possible future developments of MEMS are prospected.
The Preliminary Results of Rock Physical Properties in Yudu-Ganxian Ore Concentration Area
Authors: Zhao Bin , Li Jian Guo , Sun Shao Wei , Zhou Xin Peng , Wang Zhen Bin , Xiang Biao , Liu Dong Ming , Xiao Kun , Liu Jie Qiong
Published: September 2013

As the lack of work on comprehensive rock physical properties in deep geophysical exploration in Yudu-Ganxian ore concentration area, this paper focuses in comprehensive and systematic study about the comprehensive rock physical properties in this area. Known from the rock (ore) actual distribution in this area, this paper presents the comprehensive rock physical properties research method of the area, which use varieties of techniques to collect specimens systematic, determine the physical parameters, and even study the distribution characteristics and variation law of rock (ore) integrated rock physical properties parameters. In this paper, the results can provide the new information about integrated rock physical property parameters for understanding and explaining the integrated geophysical anomaly, providing the basis for the future in Nanling to carry out deep geophysical three-dimensional exploration and deep metallogenic prognosis.
Roughing Conditions Research to Recover a Nickel Ore
Authors: Ge Bao Liang , Li Qing , Liu Jie , Fu Yan Xiong , Hu Guang Hua
Published: September 2013

The ore from Jingping contains 0.634% nickel, 0.329% copper, 0.047% cobalt, 30.18% SiO2and 19.72% MgO. In order to obtain satisfying beneficiation results, a lot of tests were taken out before, and this article main focus on roughing flotation conditions. Finally find that when the sodium carbonate dosage is 2000g/t, carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC) dosage is 200g/t, sodium silicate dosage is 100g/t, the combinational effect can depressing the gangue minerals as well as the slime. The final concentration contains 3.03% nickel, 2.01% copper and 2.40% cobalt, the recovery of the nickel, copper and cobalt is 73.03%, 92.58%, 77.62% respectively.
Preparation and Study of Rare Earth Oxide Nanoparticles with Core-Shell Structure
Authors: Ou Mei Gui , Yang Chun Lin , Cai Shao Han , Zhu Qi Wei
Published: September 2013

Core-shell nanoparticles Gd2O3:Tb3+/SiOx were obtained by encapsulating Gd2O3:Tb3+ in a polysiloxane shell. We studied the influence of two kinds of reagents (NaOH and Bu4NOH) reacting with precursor solution on size and luminescent property of nanoparticles. The result showed that the reaction involving NaOH was more favorable to the growth of nanoparticles, thus enhanced the energy transfer between the core and the shell of particles and improved their luminescent intensities.
Performance of Vertically Aligned MWCNTs/Ni/Ti/Au/Si Electrode for Supercapacitors by CVD
Authors: Hsieh Tung Feng , You Mei Li
Published: September 2013

Using chemical vapor deposition in this study to grow vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on Ni/Ti/Au/Si as electrodes for supercapacitor is simpler and reproducible than other methods. Nanoparticles on Ni/Ti/Au/Si substrate proceeded by e-beam evaporation were less than 15 nm, vertically aligned MWCNT are distributed uniformly on the substrate, and the number of nanotubes per square centimeter is 6.3×1010. Morphologies and structures of the composite electrode were examined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectrum. This straightforward process can fabricate high specific surface areas of other nanoparticles on the MWCNTs.
High Sensitive Capacitive Touch Panel with Chain or Mountain-Shaped ITO Electrodes
Authors: Huang Hsi Ting , Chen Huai Yi , Yeh Kuan Chih
Published: September 2013

This paper used COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate and design two kinds of new touch panels with chain and mountain-shaped ITO electrodes, respectively. These two touch panel electrodes were both designed using parallel and vertical capacitance configurations. Compared with traditional common rectangular and diamond-shaped electrodes, it was found in simulation results that parallel and vertical capacitive gains for chain and mountain-shaped electrodes were 30% and 6%, respectively, higher than those for traditional rectangular and diamond-shaped ones. In addition, when the ratio of glass thickness (H) to indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode thickness (h) was larger, the corresponding capacitive gain was smaller.
Study on Micro-Fracture Chaotic Evolution under External Loading Rock
Authors: Wang Ting Ting , Zhao Wan Chun , Liu Yuan Hong , Yang Li , Gao Hong Yu
Published: September 2013

In order to accurately describe the growth behavior of the micro-fracture under the action of the rock external load, this paper proposes the use of chaos theory to describe the fracture formation process, explains the chaotic characteristics of the fracture from the perspective of the growth of micro-fracture, the number of growth and fracture formation morphology, respectively. Selecting the practical block of an oilfield, the theoretical calculation and finite element software simulation results show that, theoretical calculations are accurate and reliable.
Investigate the Characteristics of 0.65(K0.5Bi0.5TiO3)-0.35BaTiO3 Films at Various Deposition Temperatures
Authors: Tzou W.C. , Kuo C.G. , Cheng P.S. , Lin Y.H. , Yang Cheng Fu
Published: September 2013

0.65(K0.5Bi0.5)TiO30.35BaTiO3 (KBT-BT3) ceramics were synthesized using a two-step calcination process that combined hydrothermal and conventional calcination processes. After sintered into ceramic target, KBT-BT3 films were deposited on Pt/Ti/Si and SiO2/Si/Al substrates by radio frequency magnetron (RF) sputtering at various temperatures. The surface morphologies and thicknesses of KBT-BT3 films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the thickness increased with increasing deposition temperature. XRD patterns showed that all KBT-BT3 films were amorphous and higher deposition temperature had no apparent effects to improve the crystalline orientation. The effects of deposition temperatures on the properties of the current-electric filed, polarization-applied electric field, and capacitance-voltage curves were also investigated. As deposition temperatures of KBT-BT3 films increased from room temperature to 400°C, the leakage current density had no apparent variation but the threshold voltage was shifted to lower value. The theorems for the effects of deposition temperature on the properties of KBT-BT3 films were also investigated.
Research on Performances of Environmentally Friendly Multi-Component Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Liu Zhen Fa , Wu Yun Juan , Zhang Li Hui , Fu Hao Lin , Liu Xuan
Published: September 2013

A new multi-component corrosion inhibitor was prepared from itaconic acid homopolymer, polyepoxysuccinic acid ,polyaspartic acid derivative and sodium gluconate. The preformances of the corrosion inhibition and biodegradability were studied by rotary hanging piece weight-loss tests,electrochemical and biodegradability tests. The corrosion test piece was observed by SEM.The results showed that the multi-component corrosion inhibitor had good performances of corrosion inhibition and biodegradability.
Corrosion and Soldering Behaviour of STD61 Coated by Arc Ion Plating Coatings
Authors: Choi Se Weon , Kim Young Chan , Kim Cheol Woo , Cho Jae Ik , Kang Chang Seog
Published: September 2013

In order to investigate corrosion and soldering behaviour of STD61, TiN and TiAlN were coated on the surface of STD61 by using Arc Ion Plating. The structure of the coatings was examined as a function of deposition conditions by X-ray diffraction, and the crystallographic orientation was determined by use of a texture coefficient. TiN coating was grown with a strong (111) preferred orientation of a typical NaCl-type crystal structure. This strong (111) preferred orientation had been commonly observed from the TiN coatings deposited by physical vapour deposition techniques. TiAlN coatings, however, showed relatively multiple orientations mainly of (111) and (200). Furthermore, TiAlN film demonstrated superior corrosion resistance in a molten aluminum alloy at 680°C. This paper described in detail the corrosion and mass loss phenomena related to this steel-cast metal interaction.
Strength Development of Soft Bangkok Clay Mixed with Cement
Authors: Piriyakul Keeratikan
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the experimental study on the strength development of soft Bangkok clay mixed with the Portland cement type 1. The soft Bangkok clay samples were mixed with 20% by weigh of Portland cement type 1 and cured for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. Then, these samples were performed the bender element and the unconfined compression tests. The research found the relationship between Vs, G0, Su and time with the maximum values of Vs of 378.79 m/s, G0 of 224.72 MPa and Su of 403.23 kPa respectively. Moreover, the research found that Vs and G0 were directly proportional to Su.
Experimental Study on Elastic Stiffness of Kaolinite Clay
Authors: Piriyakul Keeratikan
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a study on the elastic shear modulus of Kaolinite clay at very small strains under isotropic stress from triaxial tests. The Kaolinite clay sample is subjected to an isotropic stress of 100, 200 and 400 kPa. In this very small strain domain where strain is less than 10-3 %, the behaviour of clay soil shows an elastic response. In conventional triaxial test, an initial shear modulus, G0, can be measured using an external strain measurement device. Nevertheless, there is an advantage to mount local strain sensors directly on a clay sample in order to obtain more accurate measurement of G0. Also the G0 can be measured by bender elements through propagation of an elastic shear wave. Therefore in this research G0 can be obtained by external, local strain measurements and bender element tests. These results of G0 in the very small strain region are compared and show that there is a good agreement between the results from local strain measurements and bender element tests.