bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LIGHTING DESIGN FRAMEWORK; RECOMMENDATION STUDY FOR NEWCASTLE MOSQUE, NEW SOUTH WALES
Authors: Hanapi Nur Amalina , Rodzi Khairul Asyraf Mohd
Published: June 2022

This research explores the analysis method of the current situation and injects direct design proposal analysis to the mosque from the existing condition. The exploration of lighting fundamentally and significantly impacts holistic and ritual performance in any religious building. However, regarding the conversion of typology to the mosque, there were a few research that focus on the existing condition in lighting design performance for Newcastle Mosque. Therefore, this study explores approximately four designs of three-dimensional recommendations as a methodology which include passive and active design implications used recorded as part of the discussion. The result shows that the proposed design helped in repairing the conditions of the mosque through the implementation of the skylight, curtain, designated window, and sunbreak for the best rectification recommendation. Furthermore, the result of the study suggests such minimum glare and effective lighting distribution contribute to the amount reduction of energy consumption, improve the quality of reading, and properly enlighten the religious congregational activities and other exercises carried out to optimum brightness of the mosque.
MADRASA OF MUSTAFA PASHA AL-NASHAĀR IN ZABĪD, YEMEN; ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHEOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Enab Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Madrasa of Mustafa Pasha Al-Nashaār is considered one of the most prominent buildings of Ottoman architecture in Yemen. It has commissioned by Mustafa Pasha al-Nashaār, the first Ottoman governor of Yemen, in 962-963AH/1554 AD. The Madrasa is built on the south side of Zabīd to spread the Hanafite and Shafite Sunni doctrines, replacing and eliminating the Zaydi Shiite doctrine. It contains a mausoleum dome for Mustafa Pasha Al- Nashaār and his family. The Madrasa's apparent Ottoman style is displayed through a main domed section and a multiple-domed portico. In this paper, the researcher provides a short biography of Mustafa Pasha Al-Nashaār, a descriptive and analytical study of The Madrasa and its distinctive architectural and artistic features. The paper sheds some new insights on the history of The Madrasa regarding its historical importance and distinctive architectural style as an excellent example of the Ottoman style in Yemen. The paper also aims to raise concerns about its exposure to demolition threats and ruin due to Yemen's current war and conflict.
A TAXONOMY STUDY OF MOSQUE ROOF DESIGN IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohamed Nur Amalina Syairah , Shari Zalina , Dahlan Nur Dalilah
Published: June 2022

Energy is the most important issue to focus on as it contributes to economic development and social growth. Buildings were identified to significantly impact energy usage, where 40% of global energy comes from buildings.  Nowadays, many buildings in a tropical climate are equipped with air-conditioners as it is seen as the fastest way to cool down buildings. However, this action impacts the environment. One of the affected buildings that are equipped with air-conditioners is a mosque. However, minimal attention has been given to mosques even though this type of building has a significant total space as other commercial buildings. Furthermore, mosques have a unique pattern of occupancy and energy use. While the major contributor to buildings' energy consumption comes from the roof, scarce information is found regarding roof design and energy consumption for air-conditioned mosques in Malaysia. The study aims at exploring the roof types of mosques in the Klang Valley. The objectives are 1) to identify mosques with air-conditioners in the Klang Valley built between 1998 and 2018, 2) to characterize and classify the specific roof types designed for these identified mosques, and 3) to investigate building energy intensity for mosque buildings in the Klang Valley. This paper presents a taxonomy study to classify roof design for air-conditioned mosques in Klang Valley. The study showed that the flat roof demonstrated high energy consumption and cost. The use of HVLS fans and the association with air-conditioners probably increased the building energy.
AWARENESS AND USE OF VITAMIN AND MINERAL COMPLEXES BY DIFFERENT POPULATION GROUPS (ACCORDING TO QUESTIONNAIRE DATA)
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Жданова Л.А. , Шишова А.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Бобошко И.Е. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации
Published: June 2022

Программа формирования здоровья ребенка закладывается до его рождения и значительную роль в этом процессе играет достаточная микронутриентная обеспеченность пищевого рациона самого ребенка, а также его матери во время беременности и в период кормления грудью. Представлены результаты анкетирования беременных женщин (n=612), родителей (n=80), детей подросткового возраста (n=100), а также медицинских работников детских поликлиник (n=124) по проблеме микронутриентного дефицита и его влияния на процессы формирования здоровья детей. Выявлена высокая осведомленность беременных женщин о пользе витаминов (87,5%), которая определяет их приверженность к дотации микронутриентов. В процессе грудного вскармливания эта тенденция была недостаточной (19%), что требует активизации санитарно-просветительной работы с кормящими матерями. Ни подростки (54%), ни их родители (60%) в большинстве случаев не ориентированы на регулярную продолжительную дотацию микронутриентов, что объясняет дальнейший редкий прием витаминно-минеральных комплексов во взрослой жизни, в том числе на этапе планирования беременности. Установлено, что у педиатров нередко имеется недостаточная осведомленность по вопросам оптимального использования витаминноминеральных комплексов, а среди населения отмечается явный дефицит квалифицированной информации от специалистов. Учитывая, что наибольшим доверием в качестве источника информации у населения пользуется медицинский персонал, очевидна необходимость организации его дополнительного обучения.
La religión de los romanos en la construcción de la religión civil de Maquiavelo
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Mexico, Jiménez Jiménez Luis Felipe
Published: June 2022

The object of this paper is to establish the meaning and relevance of recovering the contents of pagan religion practiced by ancient Roman Republic, as the basis of the civil lifestyle conceived by Machiavelli in his idea of a mixed republic, through Discourses on Livy, one of his most mature political works. Here we can determine that Machiavelli, while searching to establish a civil religion model, found that not all Roman tradition was equally useful to him. Thus, ruminations on Roman religious tradition by authors such as Cicero or Lucretius, enable him, on the one hand, to sharpen his critical thinking regarding to the role played by religious beliefs and practices as forms of domination achieved through manipulation of fear and superstition. On the other hand, through Roman history and tradition while following Titus Livy, he finds that such critical stances are the expression of the crisis of the Republic, lead towards a dead-end, weaken legitimate authority, cause turmoil, and culminate in tyranny. Consequently, within the narrative of the Paduan historian, Machiavelli finds the model he was seeking for, an instrumentum regni that brings together all levels of society, helps to recognize authority, legitimizes hierarchies, and educates both dominated people and dominators, civitas becoming the beginning and end of all things. By following the search undertaken by Machiavelli it is possible to understand his purpose, that is to say, to refine his criticism of the period’s dominant religion: Christianity. Therefore, far from seeking a reestablishment of paganism (something that would have been absurd at the time), his goal was not to destroy or replace Christianity, but to reform and adapt it to the conditions and needs of the new concept of a mixed republic.
On Current Situation and its Possible Consequences
Authors: Chernysh Mikhail
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the crisis of Russian science associated with the reduction of international contacts between Russia and developed countries in the scientific and technological sphere. In the current situation, we can only state that Russian scientific institutions, Russian science as a whole, weakened by failed reforms, are in state of economic (equipment, reagents), information (journals and other scientific publications) and symbolic (“assignment” of scientific statuses) dependence on science in Western countries. The main risks for Russian science are associated with (1) a sharp reduction in funding, (2) a narrowing of the demographicbase and the outflow of scientists from the profession, as well as (3) a general decline in the quality of ongoing research. The article proposes a number of interrelated measures to support the Russian scientific and technological sphere, which make it possible to preserve science as a resource for the country’s development.
On the Matter of Russian Science Significance in the Renewal of the Centralized State Planning
Authors: Krivoruchko Vladimir
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the actuality and problematic issues of the transition to the qualitatively new form of strategic planning in the Russian Federation – centralized development state planning of the state social and economic development and national security protection. Potentiality of this kind of planning for improvement of the strategic management effectiveness and Russia survival provision in the face of new threats and challenges from collective West is noted. Certain possibilities are considered and actual issues of national science in the terms of the centralized state planning renaissance on the new methodological and science and technology base are outlined.
Towards a New Science and Technology Policy
Authors: Kozlov Gennady
Published: June 2022

The upcoming stage of scientific and technological development of Russia will make significant adjustments to the scientific and technological policy (STP), associated with a sharp break in international cooperation and restrictions on the supply of new technologies, equipment and goods to the country. Under such conditions, the principles and methods for the formation and implementation of the STP must undergo fundamental changes, up to its radical transformation. There is a need for a serious reassessment of the entire complex ofSTP management, along with the formation of a new system of STP priorities. It is expedient to form a system of such priorities both from below – from the side of the scientific community, and from above – from the side of government bodies. The STP funding system should also undergo significant changes: it is expedient to keep project funding, but budgetary scientific funds should have their own strategy and performance indicators, based on which the next year’s budget will be formed. It is equally important to provide appropriate information support for the revision of the STP, including a serious revision of the list of paper and electronic journals included in the VAK, with the exclusion of all publications with paid publication fromit. It is expedient to develop international cooperation only on an equal basis with potentially promising and politically adequate partners.
The Crisis of Confidence in the Authorities and the Lack of Effective Feedback Channels in Russian Science. Review of the Report “Nauchnaya Politika Rossii – 2021” [Science Policy of Russia – 2021]
Authors: Malakhov Vadim
Published: June 2022

The report “Science Policy of Russia – 2021” published last year aroused wide interest in the scientific community, and its conclusions were actively discussed at many specialized platforms. The report presents the results of a sociological survey of Russian scientists conducted in the spring of 2021 and devoted to science policy issues. Thanks to a large and representative sample of respondents, readers are presented with a picture reflecting a wide range of opinions of Russian scientists on all major issues in the life of the Russian scientific community in recent years. The report presents the consolidated opinion of the respondents on the ongoing reforms in Russian science, the major government initiatives, the existing system for evaluating the work of scientists, as well as on the role of scientists in modern Russian society and their career prospects. The report exposes a number of existing problems in Russian science related to the crisis of trust in most of the governing bodies of the scientific system in Russia and the lack of working feedback channels between them and the scientific community of Russia. The review notes the importance of the report as one of the first domestic sociological studies of this scale, devoted to science policy in Russia. The report is addressed to the developers of the state science and technology policy and to all those interested in the scientific life in the country.
How to Ensure the International Publication Activity of Russian Researchers: Risks, Development Opportunities, Threats.
Authors: Barabashev Alexey
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the problems of the publication activity of Russian scientists in connection with the growing sanctions pressure. In the changed international conditions, the Russian strategy of international publishing activity needs to be revised and reassessed risks. The article proposes a number of measures to support the international publication activity of Russian researchers and to preserve the recognition of Russian research in the world. Firstly, this is the creation of specialized journals, regulated by the Russian scientific communities themselves. The inclusion of journals in the quality lists should take place on the decision and at the initiative of the Russian research communities, carried out by their professional associations. Secondly, it is necessary to organize the accounting of collective and individual monographs in leading Russian publishing houses, as well as series of scientific preprints, publications in publication knowledge bases and archives (as decided by specialized research communities). Thirdly, it is necessary, if possible, to preserve international private scientific contacts, transferring their center, if necessary, to those countries and organizations that did not support the international sanctions. Fourthly, international institutional contacts should be refocused on the remaining friendly countries and organizations, procedures for registering and maintaining such relations should be simplified, as well as transfer their management toscientific and educational organizations in Russia. Fifth, it is necessary to develop a network of joint graduate schools with friendly foreign graduate schools in priority countries and regions of the world, encouraging joint conferences and publications is a possible tool to counter the exclusion of young researchers in general, from international contacts and publication activity.
Temptation of Autarky
Authors: Egerev Sergey
Published: June 2022

Technological self-sufficiency is understood as the complete or partial withdrawal of the technological chain(s) from external cooperation. Definitions of the types of scientific and technological self-sufficiency of individual countries are introduced. The optimal R&D management model for the countries of catch-up modernization involves the creation of conditions for technological self-sufficiency where necessary, and the full stimulation of international scientific collaborations where possible. The conditions for the successful progress of countries towards technological self-sufficiency are formulated. The main danger for projectsof technological independence is the risk of “falling” into autarky. The rebirth of projects into autarkic constructions has repeatedly scared off the diaspora, caused a crisis of research and information exchanges, as well as a loss of trust on the part of partner countries.
A Respected Individual: Self-Identification Dynamics and Specifics, 1994–2020
Authors: Kozyreva Polina , Smirnov Aleksandr
Published: June 2022

This is an article on the dynamics and specifics of people’s self-evaluation of the respect they receive from others, based on data from the “Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS–HSE)” (1994–2020). It shows that in recent years the dynamics of respect self-assessments have become somewhat shaky as opposed to them having been positive for quite a long period of time. In the minds of Russian people respect is rather vaguely linked to evaluation of financial status and possession of power. However there is a marked connection between where people place themselves on the scale of respect on one hand and such closely tied and unilateral components as tolerance and trust on the other. The influence of specific, personified interpersonal trust on the self-evaluations that were subject to analysis is more pronounced than that of general trust, which is still pretty low in Russian society. Association with the type of people who are generally respected by society depends more on one’s professional, civic and national identity than on political affiliation. Scores on the respect scale improve when a person partakes in work activity and has a positive outlook on their own professional qualities and achievements. People’s evaluation of how respected they are is boosted by professional growth and diminished by elevated anxiety on account of possibly becoming unemployed or facing difficulties trying to find a job, and in conditions of economic instability and uncertainty.
Factors that Lead to Leaving the Labor Market at the Age of 45 and up in Russia: Role of Job Characteristics, Labor Mobility and Life-Long Learning
Authors: Sinyavskaya Oksana , Cherviakova Anna , Gorvat Elizaveta
Published: June 2022

. This paper is devoted to analyzing the impact of labor mobility and life-long learning on employment termination, as well as to revealing the work characteristics that keep individuals on the labor market. It contributes to the discussion about factors associated with a person leaving the labor market to become economically inactive in retirement. In foreign and domestic literature most of the research is devoted to studying how personal and familial characteristics, as well as human capital influence employment. The impact of employment characteristics, labor mobility and life-long learning on a person’s chances to maintain a job has not been sufficiently studied, and the studies that do exist often come to contradictory conclusions.
The research is based on 10 annual waves of the “Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS–HSE)” conducted from 2010 to 2019. Using the Cox regression with time-varying covariates, we obtained the hazard ratios of leaving the labor market for people at the age of 45 and older, for men and women.
The results show that participation in life-long learning increases the chances of continuing to be employed by 19,1%, with that being more important for women. Labor mobility increases the risk of unemployment by more than 3,5 times for the target group, especially for men. The most common characteristics of employment in Russia — formal employment, full-time work, working in medium-sized or large enterprises — contribute to maintaining employment by 42, 19, 28–36%, respectively. Types of work outside of enterprises or organizations, as well as in private companies, accelerate the transition to unemployment.
To the Understanding of the City: the Role of Theory. Review on: Vershinina I.A. Contemporary Theories of the City: A Sociological Analysis [Monograph]. Moscow: Kanon + ROOI “Rehabilitation” publ., 2019
Authors: Thakahov Valeri
Published: June 2022

The review considers the scientific monograph by I.A. Vershinina as the first domestic systematization and description of the key sociological theories that dominate modern urban sociology. The undoubted merit of the author consists of the following points. Into scientific circulation, the author introduces foreign sources on the topic previously for the most part not translated in Russia. Scientific novelty of Vershinina’s research lies in the fact that she identifies similarities and differences in theoretical approaches to the analysis of cities. Finally, the author determines the contribution of theories of the city to the development of modern sociological theory. At the same time, the reviewer draws attention to a number of omissions in the work of I.A. Vershinina such as the following: predominant research focus on neo-Marxist theories of the city, no description of A. Lefebvre’s process of production of space and its typology, the analysis’ exclusion of M. Castells’ theory of space in terms of his reasoning behind the process of the space of places transitioning to the space of flows, which generates significant social consequences in today’s world.
Actor-network theory: innovative aspects of sociological methodology
Authors: Denisova Galina , Polonskaya Irina , Susimenko Elena
Published: June 2022

In recent years, a discussion about the dissatisfaction of scientists with the current state of sociology has intensified in the world sociological community. In this situation, various ways of raising the scientific level of sociology as a whole are proposed. One of them was proposed by B. Latour in the framework of the actor-network theory (ANT), the theoretical concepts of which were further developed in the works of his like-minded colleages. Representatives of the Russian sociology are actively involved in a versatile study of the contribution made by the ANT to the development of sociology. The article studies the basic provisions of the actor-network theory concerning the subject specifics of sociological knowledge, the fundamental difference between the definition of understanding the subject of ANT sociology and the definitions given by traditional sociological trends and paradigms, as well as the consequences of this innovative understanding for the formation of methodological principles for studying social reality. The authors also dwell on the consideration of the most fundamental and controversial methodological innovation of ANT - the “turn to things” and the introduction of the concept of heterogeneity of agents into the understanding of social processes.

Particular attention in the article is paid to the analysis of the meaning of the term “actant”, innovative for sociology, borrowed by the ANT from the semiotic theory of narrative and incorporated into sociology and ontology of the network of associations of heterogeneous actants. Concerning the disagreements between the actor-network theory and the sociological mainstream of our time, the authors dwell on the criticism by ANT theorists of the sociological "metaphysics of social forces", understood as a way of theoretical legitimation of social inequality. The purpose of the article is to clarify the unity and interconnection of the key innovative positions of ANT in sociological methodology, and through this, to substantiate the significance and heuristic potential of the innovations proposed by the actor-network theory for raising the scientific level of sociology in the study of social reality. As a result, the authors demonstrate the methodological turn of ANT, that makes possible overcoming the gap between sociological theory and social and political practice, thus opening the way for building a new attitude of sociology to reality, returning it to solving not only scientific, but also social and practical problems.
The social status of Russian youth: ideas and reality
Authors: Mareeva Svetlana
Published: June 2022

This article examines the features of the social status of modern youth in its objective and subjective dimensions. The objective social statuses of young people are characterised by the position of their representatives in the key hierarchies in terms of education level, professional positions and income level. It is shown that the level of education of the Russian youth has increased noticeably over the past twenty years; the socio-professional structure of the youth group also underwent certain changes, reflected in a decrease in the proportion of the unemployed, as well as workers of various skill levels, in its composition. The space of socio-professional statuses of young people does not demonstrate significant differences compared to Russians of middle and older ages, and this is also typical for models of income stratification of these groups. In general, speaking about the space of the objective statuses of young people in modern Russian society, it can be stated that young people are not in a disadvantaged position in this respect due to the specifics of this stage of the life cycle - on the contrary, already in the youth group one can observe the existing configuration of the social structure, that is also characteristic of Russians of working age as a whole (that is reflected, in particular, in a similar share of the middle class in these groups). With regard to subjective statuses, young Russians, like citizens in general, tend to place themselves in middle positions in society. However, the position they consider “fair” for themselves, as well as their desired position, turn out to be much higher than the current one, that can also lead to the accumulation of discontent, since it reflects obviously unrealistic expectations regarding social mobility. And although young Russians are quite positive about the medium-term future, their expectations for the next 2-3 years are more restrained. A negative indicator is the fact that young people share with adult Russians a sense of the unfairness of the structure of Russian society, and these perceptions have little to do with their objective statuses. At the same time, young Russians see principles related to the instrumentalisation of the principle of equal opportunities as key elements of a just society.
Dynamics and structure of youth preferences in the information space of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Chigrin Victor , Zotkin Andrey , Gorodetskaya Elena , Uzunov Vladimir
Published: June 2022

The article actualises the issues of information security in the conditions of transformations of the media space in the regions of Russia (on the example of the Republic of Crimea). Attention is focused on the preferences of young people regarding the sources of obtaining and usage the information received. The main contours of preferences in the choice of information source are determined. The specificity of the choice of information sources typical for young people in the Republic of Crimea is shown. In addition to the Internet, an important source of information for regional youth is direct social contacts and personal communication. In the list of Internet sources, social network information resources have an advantage. It is proved that the information preferences of young people and older generations do not always coincide. For this purpose, the results of sociological studies conducted in 2018-2020 in the Republic of Crimea (before and during the coronavirus pandemic) are presented. Studies have shown that it is distance learning and self-isolation that are factors undermining the existing system of social relations, social subordination and social control. Particular attention is paid to the study of the manifestation of youth interest in information sources of extremist content. The gender and age structure of those interested in Internet sources of extremist content has been revealed. Despite the fact that the identified "risk groups" are relatively small, they significantly increase the likelihood of participating in various kinds of informal organisations, including those of a radical nature. The problem is exacerbated by the secrecy and vagueness of the existence of such groups that function in the information space as flexible and combinatorial social formations capable of rapid structural change and renewal. As the results of the research showed, the tendency of young people to “leave” into the virtual space was intensified by the factor of social isolation and the introduction of forms of distance learning, that contributed to the erosion of strong social ties and their replacement with weak ones (in accordance with the terminology of network analysis theory). It is shown that the state and society in the interests of ensuring internal stability and security, should, undoubtedly, must seriously take into account the processes of transformation of the media space, where a significant proportion of the activity of today's youth is transferred.
El racismo y la crisis de la conciencia moderna. Cuestiones epistemológicas e historiográficas
Authors: Burgio Alberto
Published: June 2022

En estas páginas abordamos el problema estructural del ámbito de referencia del concepto “racismo”. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar cómo es posible (y apropiado) formular, contrariamente a lo que se suele afirmar, todo el macrotexto racista en un modelo lógico unitario (§ 2) y en un sentido común compartido, en conexión con su génesis moderna (§ 3). A este respecto, proponemos considerar la “for­mación discursiva” racista (en el sentido de Foucault) la antítesis de los prin­cipios éticos modernos fundamentales (§ 4). Sobre esta base, formularemos una hipótesis en torno a las razones de su arraigo en el sentido común y su creciente generalización (§ 5-6). Finalmente, destacaremos las consecuencias negativas de la fragmentación del campo de investigación correspondiente (§ 7).
Una propuesta de concepto y fundamento de los derechos humanos
Authors: Campoy Cervera Ignacio
Published: June 2022

En nuestras sociedades, estructuradas conforme al tradicional modelo del Estado de Derecho, se establece como núcleo de Justicia el reconocimiento y la protección de los derechos humanos. Por consiguiente, es evidente que una de las cuestiones más trascendentales, y por ello también más tratadas, es deter­minar cuál es su concepto y fundamento. El objetivo de este artículo es contri­buir a dicho debate haciendo una propuesta de concepto y fundamento de los derechos humanos, partiendo para ello de la exposición y eventual superación de los tradicionales problemas que, conforme a la doctrina, afectan a la posible determinación del concepto y el fundamento de los derechos.
El precio de una paz sin derechos. Los desplazados/retornados en Kosovo y Bosnia Herzegovina
Authors: Jara Gómez Ana M.
Published: June 2022

Kosovo y Bosnia Herzegovina son países completamente diferentes y al mismo tiempo semejantes en lo tocante a la situación de las personas retornadas tras los conflictos armados y adquieren relevancia por el gran número de personas que fueron desplazadas, por la dimensión étnica de los desplazamientos y por­que los cambios políticos producidos tras los conflictos son de tal calado que reconfiguran el mapa de Europa. Es un lugar común afirmar que la intercul­turalidad social y política es sinónimo de tolerancia y paz social, especialmente en periodos de posguerra, en los que se hace imprescindible hablar de reconci­liación para garantizar que es posible una vuelta a la normalidad. Este artícu­lo trata de cuestionar, al menos como verdad autoevidente y generalizable, la bondad sin reservas de la interculturalidad impuesta inmediatamente tras un conflicto violento. Se debe dar, en estos contextos, mayor importancia a las et­nias que han quedado en los márgenes de la exclusión. En Bosnia Herzegovina y Kosovo, el colapso del comunismo, los cambios políticos y los conflictos han tenido enormes consecuencias socioeconómicas en las etnias romaníes.
Privacidad, intimidad y protección de datos
Authors: Polo Roca Andoni
Published: June 2022

La intimidad y la protección de datos han sido configurados y caracterizados de forma distinta en las diferentes tradiciones jurídicas. En Estados Unidos, el derecho a la intimidad (privacy) se ha ido construyendo progresivamente como un derecho fundamental a través de los diversos pronunciamientos de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos (SCOTUS). En Europa, el derecho a la intimidad (vida privada) ha tenido una evolución diferente. En Alemania, el derecho a la vida privada (Privatsphäre) ha sido desarrollado por el Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán (BVerfG), con pronunciamientos que han te­nido gran influencia sobre la tradición europea. En España, por su parte, el derecho a la intimidad ha tenido su propia evolución, por parte del Tribunal Constitucional, aunque es posible encontrar una clara influencia de la tradi­ción alemana. Todo ello ha influido, a su vez, sobre la protección de datos o privacidad de la información, a la que también se le ha dado una configuración distinta en estas tradiciones jurídicas.
Andrea Porciello, Diritto e morale: tre questioni. Scorci di teoria del diritto
Authors: Delgado Rojas Jesús Ignacio
Published: June 2022

Este artículo reseña: Andrea PORCIELLO, Diritto e morale: tre questioni. Scorci di teoria del diritto, Edizioni ETS, Pisa, 2021, 215 pp.
Manuel Ángel Bermejo Castrillo (ed.), Temporalidades inter/disciplinares
Authors: Mora Jesús
Published: June 2022

Este artículo reseña : Manuel Ángel BERMEJO CASTRILLO (ed.), Temporalidades inter/disciplinares, Dykinson, Madrid, 2021. 246 pp.
Miguel Poiares Maduro y Paul W. Kahn, Democracy in times of pandemic. different futures imagined
Authors: Collí Ek Víctor
Published: June 2022

Este artículo reseña:  Miguel POIARES MADURO; Paul W. KAHN Democracy in Times of Pandemic. Different futures imagined Cambridge Universitydemocracia minúscula; COVID-19; derechos humanos; división de poderes Press, UK, 2020, 218 pp.
Stratification of education systems and social mobility : empirical analyses of the moderating role of the stratification of education systems on the associations of the mobility triangle
Authors:   , Traini Claudia
Published: June 2022

The thesis investigates whether the stratification of education systems moderates the OED associations. The first empirical article (Chapter 2) is a replication study that shows that the most used indicator of the stratification of education systems (i.e., the index of tracking (Bol and van de Werfhorst, 2013)) is not positively (statistically significantly) associated with either social background inequality in educational attainment or educational gradient in occupational attainment. Besides not supporting the existence of a trade-off between labour market allocation and equality of educational opportunity, the unsuccessful predictive validity test of the index of tracking makes it clear that this strand of research needs new theoretically grounded indicators to measure the stratification of education systems. This thesis’ contribution is to address these requests. First, I theoretically identify the dimensions of the stratification of education systems that are relevant when it comes to investigating the OED associations: the age of first selection, and the extent to which the first selection is based on students’ ability. Second, I collect these two country-level indicators through expert judgements by questioning more than 200 experts who provided information on the education systems’ characteristics of 34 countries. Third, by linking these country-level data to the European Social Survey (ESS), I test whether the two dimensions of the stratification of education systems moderate a) social background inequality in educational attainment (Chapter 3), b) educational gradient in occupational attainment (Chapter 4), and c) the direct effect of social background on occupational attainment (Chapter 5).
Französische Kriegsgefangene in Franken im Zweiten Weltkrieg : die oberfränkische Verwaltungsstadt Bamberg und die unterfränkische Industriestadt Schweinfurt im Vergleich
Authors:   , Woehrle Christophe Lucien
Published: June 2022

Die vorliegende Studie soll die geringen persönlichen Archivalien mit den vielfältigen offiziellen Beständen beiderseits des Rheines untersuchen und gegenüberstellen; das individuelle Vorstellungsbild der erlebten Gefangenschaft soll verglichen werden, damit die Gemeinsamkeiten und die grundsätzlichen Unterschiede hervorgehoben werden können. Des Weiteren stellt diese Studie eine Fortsetzung meiner Masterarbeit dar, die die Situation der französischen Kriegsgefangenen in der Rüstungsindustrie von Schweinfurt behandelt. Somit ist es möglich, die Sachverhalte in zwei benachbarten bayerischen Städten während des Zweiten Weltkrieges zu untersuchen und zu vergleichen.
„Wenn du ein Schwarzer bist, bleibst du ein Schwarzer.“ : Rassismus und Integration auf dem Arbeitsmarkt
Authors:   , Ekamba Raphael
Published: June 2022

Rassimus- und Integrationserfahrungen Schwarzer Menschen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt. Die Soziologin Robin DiAngelo (2018) sagte in einem Interview, „die meisten Weißen sehen nur expliziten Rassismus“. Gemeint ist der Rassismus „à la George Floyd“, der per Video nachweislich festgehalten wurde und ein Menschenleben kostete. Der systemische Rassismus tötet täglich Träume und Karrieren von schwarzen Menschen und People of Color in Deutschland. „Wenn Du ein Schwarzer bist, bleibst Du ein Schwarzer“ beschäftigt sich mit den Rassismuserfahrungen von schwarzen Menschen und People of Color bei der Arbeitssuche und am Arbeitsplatz in Deutschland. Dabei wird sowohl über die Kontinuität des kolonialen Denkens auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt diskutiert als auch über die persönliche Haltung und Verantwortung von Menschen aus der Mehrheitsgesellschaft und was Unternehmen tun können, um Diskriminierung aufgrund von Herkunft und/oder Hautfarbe zu unterbinden.
Habitar (en) la pandemia
Authors: Álvarez Pedrosian Eduardo , Amado Mannise María , Bolaña Caballero Natalia , Garrido López Fermina , Moreira Selva Siboney , Sánchez Llorens Mara , Varela Martínez Alma
Published: June 2022

Este artículo es resultado de un proceso de diálogo interdisciplinario entre perspectivas de la antropología, la arquitectura y la comunicación, centrado en el habitar durante la pandemia de Covid-19. En primer lugar presentamos las claves teórico-metodológicas de este diálogo experimental. Luego, reflexionamos acerca de las mutaciones de la dimensión de lo doméstico, para después focalizarnos a partir de otros casos etnográficos en una de las tensiones principales de esta crisis en principio sanitaria, entre el cuidado y la soledad. Esto nos lleva a situaciones en las que se revaloriza el cuerpo y se buscan nuevas formas de ejercer los derechos en los espacios públicos. Por último, exploramos desde un ejercicio poético las potencialidades proyectuales en los peores momentos del confinamiento, para concluir sobre los aprendizajes etnográficos y los desafíos para la imaginación proyectual.
Facilitate the Elements of Built Architectural Environment for People with Special Needs تيسير عناصر البيئة المبنية و المعمارية لذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة
Authors: خالد محمد هيبة , محمد عايش المروعي
Published: June 2022

ترصد هذه الدراسة ما يعرف بالتفكير الذكي و تطبيقاته في مجالات ما يعرف بالبيوت الذكية التي تخدم في المقام الأول فئة المعاقين وذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة. و هو ما تحاول الدراسة رصده من خلال اختصاصها برؤية تختص بأحد أهم جهات التفعيل المادي و النفسي نحو ذلك التأهيل المطلوب بإقرار العديد من الحقوق و الاشتراطات فيما يختص بمجالات العمران والعمارة. This study monitored the so-called smart thinking and its applications in the areas of the so-called smart houses, which primarily serves the disabled and people with special needs. It try to study the most important physical and psychological activation points towards the rehabilitation that is required for the approval of many of the rights and requirements with respect to the areas of urbanism and architecture.
إتمتة اتخاذ القرار الاداري الامثل في مشكلة التخصيص باستخدام لغة السيAutomotive Optimal Administrative Decision Making for Allocation Problem using C Language
Authors: عمار محمد احمد عيسى , علي يحي الاشول , احمد محمد دبيس
Published: June 2022

يقوم البحث ببناء برنامج يبحث عن جميع الحلول الممكنة لحل مشكلة تخصيص باستخدام لغة السي مع إمكانية الوصول إلى الحل الأمثل بأقصر وقت ممكن. This paper aims to build a c language based program that looks for all possible solutions to resolve the problem of allocation with the availability to access to the best solution in the shortest possible time.
The Performance of Cooperative MIMO Scheme under Slow Fading Channel based on Fountain Code
Authors: Al Wesabi Mohammed Ahmed , Al-Arashi Waled , Al-Shadadi Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, the video calling, video on demand (VOD) and more services are desired for users. These services generate large traffic which requires special techniques for transmission without outages or failure during transmission operation. Fountain Code is the newest method in the encoding theory and it is handle designed to large data. Besides, modern MIMO channel gives higher capacity than traditional channel (SISO channel). This paper looks out of the performance of Fountain Code on MIMO Scheme under Slow Fading Channel. The results show the performance is the best on MIMO (DF). In addition, the performance increases by increasing in the number of receiver antennas.

Keywords: Fountain Code, Luby Transform, Cooperative MIMO, Slow Fading, Bit Error Rate, Decode and Forward (DF).
Sustainability of the Urban Housing Projects in the Yemeni Cities (An Evaluating Study – Taiz City)
Authors: Al-Amery Jameel Abdulqader , Al-Kabab Abdulaziz Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Yemeni government and some international organizations exerted some efforts as a contribution to solve the problem of housing which considered a key problem facing Yemeni cities including Taiz city. Some housing projects had been executed to provide appropriate housing for some categories, including project for people affected by floods disasters (marginalized people), housing project for low income people, housing project for cleaning laborers which all distributed in various locations of the city. Notwithstanding the efforts exerted to provide housing project in Taiz, however, there are many problems in various aspects either architectural or environmental or economic or social such as weakness of uniformity in the architectural appearance, lack of diversity of housing, difficulty of access to services, shortage of green spaces and other issues that concern sustainability. Thus, this study aims to focus on the issue of sustainability in housing projects as they represent a wide access with multiple dimensions to design and evaluate urban housing, through study and analyze concepts of sustainably and its relation with housing projects, modern planning directions, evaluation tools and extracting indicators by which we can evaluate sustainability and scale the extent of achievement in the projects of housing in Taiz city and to conclude recommendations that may assist to address failure aspects in housing projects in the future in order to contribute to raising the durability of such projects and provide adequate housing and decent life for population of Taiz and other similar cities.

Keywords: Sustainably, Sustainability evaluation, Housing projects, Taiz.
Ternary Electronic Logic Systems Automation: A Novel Study Based on VHDL Language - First Part: Ternary Logic Gates
Authors: Al-Sheikh Zakaria Mohamed H. , Qahtan Abdullah Ali Qasem , Asaad Abdul Raqib Abdo
Published: June 2022

In this scientific paper, a software library for Ternary logic gates will be built based on VHDL language to be used in the implementation of combinational Ternary logic circuits. The VHDL language had been designed to be used to automate and design Binary electronic logic systems. Therefore, several problems have been arised in adapting the VHDL language to be used with Ternary electronic logic systems. However, these problems have been solved and the result were encouragement to continue the study with the other Ternary components, so that a complete software library based on VHDL language for different Ternary components will be used as a tool in the design and simulation of Ternary electronic logic circuits and systems. 

Keywords: Ternary logic, Ternary logic gates, VHDL language.
An Efficient Routing Method for Protection Data Flow in the MPLS Network
Authors: Abdo Asaad Hasan Abdul Raqib , Al-Fuhaidi Belal
Published: June 2022

This paper presents an efficient method for rerouting traffic in the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) network, when a fault occurs in the working link. The method has been designed to handle both single and multiple faults based on the protection switching and rerouting techniques. The proposed method leads to less packets loss, has better Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), good throughput and eliminates packet disorder. The proposed method has been simulated using the Network Simulator (NS2) version 2.34 and the simulation results have shown that the proposed method significantly improves the network performance in comparison to similar existing methods.

Keywords: MPLS network, Working link, Protection switching, Rerouting, Network simulator.
The Effect Of Various Sun Time Under Exposure To Ultraviolet Light Of The Sun On Interleukin 10 Cytokine
Authors: Kuncara Rachmad Bayu
Published: June 2022

Sunbathing activities are often found to occur during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2) pandemic that causes Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID 19). IL-10 is an inhibitory cytokine for macrophages and dendritic cells that play a role in controlling non-specific and cellular immune reactions. The purpose of this study was to explain the immunosuppression by the cytokine interleukin 10 which is often found to occur due to sun exposure. This research method is an experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD). The research design used was a randomized post test only control group design. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis test with statistical test results obtained p value 0.550 (> 0.05) meaning there was no difference in the levels of cytokine interleukin 10 in each treatment group.
Anti-Wear and Anti-Erosive Properties of Polymers and Their Hybrid Composites: A Critical Review of Findings and Needs
Authors: Nisa Zaib Un , Kean Chuan Lee , Hoe Guan Beh , Ayub Saba , Ahmad Faiz
Published: June 2022

Erosion caused by the repeated impact of particles on a substance surface is a usual wear method resulting in gradual and continual loss of objects. It is a crucial problem in several modern industries because their surfaces are frequently subjected to destructive erosive situations. Polymers and their hybrid materials include several applications to be used as a coating in the form of powder for different applications. This review paper aims to provide extensive information on the erosion behavior of thermoset and thermoplastic neat resin and their hybrid materials composites. Focus is specifically paid to highlight the influence of properties of selected materials, impingnation parameters such as incident Angle of erodent, impact velocity of erodent, erodent nature, and the erosion mechanism. The review further extends the information about the erosion techniques and numerical simulation methods used for wear studies of surfaces. An investigation has been carried out for researchers to explore the selection of materials and methods in terms of conditions and parameters to meet the current and future needs and challenges for the protection of surfaces of the advanced industries. During review according to the findings achieved from the literature of the past fifty years, it has been noted that the thermoplastic nature of the composite is a key component to determine the anti-wear properties, the composites with lower glass transition, higher ductility, and greater crystallinity can provide better protection to erosion in advance surface applications.