bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Efficient Electric Vehicle Fast Charging System Using Dual Active Bridge Converter
Authors: Aung Myint Myat , Win Soe , Thar Hla Aye , Tun Hla Myo
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the electric vehicle charging model with fast DC charging technology based on the mathematical modelling and theoretical studies. The problem in this study is to model the fast charging system in order to describe the control and stability of DC bus voltage. The research direction in this study is to design a novel charger in reality. A novel 200 kW fast charger was designed for modeling of fast charging system. The proposed fast charger consists of two portions such as an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter using dual active bridge (DAB) technique performing a charging function. The parameters of consumable devices used in the model are mentioned for performance specifications. The main section is a design of transformer that used in the DC-DC converter in order to obtain isolation between the AC system and electric vehicle. This leads to achieve the improvements in the power quality on the AC grid. The performances of the proposed fast charger system were verified through simulations results. The modeling and simulations are performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK and all results confirm the feasibility of proposed design for experimental studies. The recommendation of the system was also given based on the comparison of recent works which were met the objectives of the studies.
Feature Extraction and Segmentation Methods in Plant Disease Detection: A Multimodal Approach
Authors: Njoroge Thomas Kinyanjui , Sindu Kevin Mugoye , Rachael Kibuku
Published: February 2025

Plant disease detection is essential for improving agricultural productivity. Deep learning models have shown great potential in identifying plant diseases because they can leverage large datasets. However, while efficient, traditional machine learning methods often face challenges with generalization when trained on small datasets using basic features like shape, color, and texture. A promising approach to overcome this is the combination of deep feature extraction with machine learning classification, enabling more accurate disease detection. Traditional classifiers trained on smaller datasets can still offer viable solutions in resource-limited environments. By extracting critical features and employing classical techniques, these models remain practical for constrained settings. Integrating deep learning models with traditional methods allows for better handling of disease variability across plants and conditions, enhancing adaptability and accuracy. This review explores deep learning and traditional machine learning approaches for feature extraction and segmentation in plant disease detection. It highlights how combining deep feature extraction with machine learning classification improves accuracy and addresses the challenges posed by limited datasets. The potential of multimodal techniques for enhanced detection is also discussed, leading to more robust and scalable solutions for plant disease management.
Prediction of the Residual Compressive Strength of Rice Husk Ash Concrete after Exposure to Elevated Temperatures Using XGBoost Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ang'ang'o Elvis , Abuodha Silvester , Mumenya Siphila
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to assess the applicability of XGBoost in determining the residual compressive strength of rice husk ash concrete exposed to elevated temperature, reducing the need for costly, time-consuming laboratory experiments. Data was collected from the available literature, with 75% used for training and 25% for testing. Synthetic data was created using the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network with Gradient Penalty (WGAN-GP). The model accuracy was checked using statistical scores: coefficient of determination (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). SHAP values were used for feature importance analysis. Coding was done in Python using Jupyter Notebook. With the original data, the model produced RMSE, R2, and MAE test values of 3.351, 0.939, and 2.994, respectively, indicating excellent performance. The combined original and synthetic dataset gave RMSE, R2, and MAE values of 0.071, 0.941, and 0.053, respectively, signifying improved performance. The feature analysis identified higher temperature, unheated compressive strength, and water-cement ratio as the most significant factors in the XGBoost prediction. The exposure duration, alumina content, and iron oxide had minimal influence.
The effects of an SDT-based training program on teaching styles adapted to inclusive Physical Education. Does previous contact with students with intellectual disabilities matter?
Authors: Ocete Carmen , González-Peño Alba , Gutiérrez-Suárez Andrea , Franco Evelia
Published: February 2025

The promotion of physical activity between people with disabilities has been pointed out as an important issue since they have a higher risk of serious health problems. However, the participation of people with disabilities do not meet the recommended physical activity guidelines. Based on the existing literature, the first aim of the study was to analyse how an inclusive sport training program could affect the intention of physical education (PE) teachers to develop different teaching styles in their classes. The second aim was to explore whether teaching students with disabilities could alter the effect of the intervention. A paired t-test revealed that participants had higher intentions to display autonomy (5.29 vs. 5.50; p<.001) and structure-supportive (5.78 vs. 5.92; p<.001) teaching styles after the intervention. Regarding the influence of having contact with students with disabilities (SWID), it was found that the intervention had slightly different effects on teachers with and without experience teaching SWD. Findings are discussed in terms of inclusion, motivation, and teaching behaviours in PE contexts with SWID, suggesting the existence of a parallelism between teaching behaviours that favour the inclusion of students with disabilities and those that favour motivation between students.
Resumen
La promoción de la actividad física en personas con discapacidad es un tema de gran relevancia, ya que este grupo enfrenta un mayor riesgo de sufrir problemas de salud graves. Sin embargo, su participación en actividades físicas no alcanza los niveles recomendados. Basándose en la literatura existente, el primer objetivo del estudio fue analizar cómo un programa de entrenamiento deportivo inclusivo puede influir en la intención de los profesores de educación física (EF) de adoptar diferentes estilos de enseñanza en sus clases. El segundo objetivo fue explorar si la experiencia previa en la enseñanza de estudiantes con discapacidad podría modificar el efecto de la intervención. Los resultados de una prueba t pareada indicaron que, tras la intervención, los participantes mostraron una mayor intención de emplear estilos de enseñanza que fomentan la autonomía (5.29 vs. 5.50; p<.001) y el apoyo estructural (5.78 vs. 5.92; p<.001). Además, se observó que la intervención tuvo efectos ligeramente distintos en docentes con y sin experiencia previa en la enseñanza de estudiantes con discapacidad. Los hallazgos se discuten en términos de inclusión, motivación y comportamientos docentes en contextos de EF con estudiantes con discapacidad., sugiriendo la existencia de un paralelismo entre los comportamientos docentes que favorecen la inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad y aquellos que fomentan la motivación entre los estudiantes.
Online Identification and Detection of Manual Control Adaptation with Recursive Time Series
Authors: Plaetinck Wouter , Pool Daan M. , van Paassen Marinus M. , Mulder Max
Published: February 2025

An online pilot manual control behavior identification method, based on recursive low-order time-series model estimation, is presented and validated using experimental data. Eight participants performed compensatory tracking tasks with time-varying vehicle dynamics, where, at an unpredictable moment during a run, a sudden degradation in dynamics could occur. They were instructed to push a button when they detected a change in dynamics. Two methods to automatically detect the moment when pilot adaptation occurs from online estimated parameter traces are discussed. Results show that pilots are more accurate in detecting changes than either algorithm. But when the algorithms are correct, they are often quicker to detect pilot adaptation than pilots themselves. The presented techniques have potential but need improvements.
Maneuver Detection with Two Mixture-Based Metrics for Radar Track Data
Authors: Montilla Jose M. , Vazquez Rafael , Di Lizia P.
Published: February 2025

In the context of space situational awareness, orbit determination and maneuver detection pose considerable challenges given the ever increasing number of noncooperative satellites that perform unspecified maneuvers at unknown epochs. A new metric is proposed for maneuver detection here, based on measurements from a single surveillance radar. Data from the radar track are leveraged to derive this metric; it can flag the occurrence of a maneuver since the last time a satellite was observed. In the scenarios considered in this work, the main challenge is having just a few available observations in between long propagations. Thus, a realistic quantification of uncertainty becomes crucial; Gaussian mixtures are chosen for this work. The propagated state is compared against the radar track data to compute a well-known cost metric, the evidence in Bayes’s update, similar to the Mahalanobis distance (MD). The contribution of this work lies in using the variation of the cost metric across track points to define a new maneuver detection metric. The focus is on testing this new metric in diverse and realistic scenarios to gain practical intuition about its performance and limitations. The preliminary results are promising, simultaneously improving upon the classical MD at maneuver detection and reducing false positives.
Predefined-Time Enhanced Antidisturbance Attitude Control for Rigid–Liquid Coupled Launch Vehicles
Authors: Meng Yan , Zhu Yukai , Cui Yangyang , Qiao Jianzhong
Published: February 2025

High-precision and fast-response attitude control of launch vehicles plays an increasingly important role in numerous space launch missions, ensuring the efficiency of space transportation. However, disturbances caused by liquid sloshing and external environments degrade the control performances seriously. Because of the complicated coupling with control inputs and angular acceleration, the dynamics of liquid sloshing disturbance are highly uncertain. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel disturbance estimation methods for launch vehicles by thoroughly analyzing disturbance dynamics. In this paper, an observer-based predefined-time attitude control method aimed at achieving precise and rapid estimation of liquid sloshing disturbance and other external disturbances is proposed. More specifically, a prescribed-time reduced-order state observer is proposed for estimating the liquid sloshing disturbance and the unmeasurable system state, leveraging the specific characteristics and inherent coupling relations of liquid sloshing disturbance. Additionally, a prescribed-time extended state observer is introduced for estimating external disturbances and nonlinear terms. Subsequently, by employing a predefined-time output feedback controller, a composite control law is proposed to enhance the antidisturbance capabilities of rigid–liquid coupled launch vehicles. Finally, simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Surveillance Guidance Using Lamé Curve Paths
Authors: Shivam Amit , Ratnoo Ashwini
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces a new approach for efficient rectangular boundary surveillance guidance for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using a continuous-curvature path described by a Lamé curve. Curvature and path length characteristics of the Lamé curve paths are analyzed, and conditions are deduced for the Lamé-curve-based circumscription of rectangular boundaries. Given the maximum turn rate capability of the UAV, a comparative study highlights significant reduction in path length as compared to the widely used elliptic circumscription. In conjunction with the desired Lamé curve path, a vector field guidance method is proposed for path-following. The vector field around the path is generated using a commanded heading angle, which encapsulates a tangent vector along the path and an arcsine shaping function of the UAV position error with respect to the desired path. Asymptotically converging behavior of the UAV position error is ascertained, and simulation studies illustrate the accurate following of the desired path for arbitrary UAV initial conditions. Indoor experimental studies utilizing a quadrotor UAV platform present the practical applicability of the proposed surveillance guidance solution.
Near-Optimal Evasion from Acceleration Bounded Modern Pursuers
Authors: Mishley Adi , Shaferman Vitaly
Published: February 2025

Target evasion from modern missiles is a very challenging task because modern interception missiles usually have substantial agility and maneuver advantages over the target. This paper proposes novel near-optimal evasion strategies from any linear missile guidance law that exploit the pursuer’s two main weaknesses: the inherent time delay of the evader’s acceleration estimate and the pursuer’s acceleration bound. In the derivation, the pursuer and the evader are assumed to have arbitrary-order linear dynamics with bounded acceleration commands. The pursuer is assumed to have a delayed evader acceleration estimation, and the evader is assumed to know the pursuer’s guidance law. The problem is posed as a bounded optimal control problem with the miss distance as the performance index, and the necessary analytical optimality conditions are derived. The problem is then solved iteratively using backward and forward propagation of the costate and state dynamics until the solution converges. Furthermore, an additional gradient-descent-based algorithm is derived to improve the performance and robustness of the solution. The evasion strategies are extensively evaluated in deterministic and stochastic Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that the proposed evasion strategies have substantially better evasion performance than state-of-the-art evasion strategies that only exploit the pursuer’s estimation delay.
Eksplorasi dan Identifikasi Agen Antagonis dari Lahan Organik Sebagai Implementasi Pengendalian Hayati
Authors: Miftahurohman Muhammad , Utari Amilia Ayu Jen , Mahendra I Gede Rio , Simbolon Novita Dong Mariris , Annisa Septina Nur , Priyadi Priyadi , Nuryanti Ni Siluh Putu , Maharani Juwita Suri , Budiarti Lina
Published: February 2025

Sektor pertanian memiliki peran strategis dalam ketahanan pangan dan keberlanjutan lingkungan, namun menghadapi tantangan seperti penurunan produktivitas dan pencemaran akibat penggunaan bahan kimia sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jamur antagonis dari lahan organik dan menguji efektivitasnya dalam mengendalikan patogen Fusarium sp. sebagai bagian dari pengendalian hayati. Metode yang digunakan meliputi eksplorasi, isolasi, identifikasi, dan uji antagonis jamur pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat jenis jamur yang teridentifikasi, yaitu hijau muda, coklat, dan hitam, termasuk dalam spesies Aspergillus sp. dan hijau tua adalah Trichoderma sp. Jamur antagonis hijau muda mampu menekan pertumbuhan patogen Fusarium sp. sebesar 57,84%, sedangkan hijau tua sebesar 32,32%. Penelitian ini menegaskan potensi jamur antagonis sebagai agen biokontrol yang efektif dalam pertanian berkelanjutan.
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bibit Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Jenis Bud Sett pada Berbagai Masa Tunda Penanaman
Authors: Zaqyah Irene , Adimiharja Jamaludin , Wahyuni Reza , Aprianto Eko
Published: February 2025

Bud sett merupakan salah satu jenis bahan tanam tebu yang efisien dari segi ukuran sehingga memungkikan proses distribusi dalam jumlah cukup banyak dari produsen varietas ke penggunanya. Namun ukurannya yang lebih kecil dari bahan tanam bentuk bagal akan mengakibatkan kesegaran bahan tanam jenis bud sett akan lebih cepat menurun selama penyimpanan akibat masa tunda tanam.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak penundaan penanaman pada berbagai lama masa simpan bibit tebu jenis bud sett terhadap pertumbuhan awal dan produksi bibit tebu.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan masa tunda tanam sebanyak 5 taraf yaitu tanpa masa simpan (T0), masa simpan 1 x 24 jam (T1), masa simpan 2 x 24 jam (T2), masa simpan 3 x 24 jam (T3) dan masa simpan 4 x 24 jam (T4 ).  Data dianalisis ragam dan diuji nilai tengah menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bobot dan perkecambahan bud sett menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya lama masa tunda penanaman.  Secara umum lama penyimpanan bibit bud sett tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap petumbuhan bibit dan produksi bibit.
“Eu ouvi os clamores do meu povo”
Authors: Aquino Júnior Francisco de
Published: February 2025

No dia 06 de maio de 1973, bispos e superiores religiosos do Nordeste lançaram o documento “Eu ouvi os clamores do meu povo”. Trata-se de um documento histórico que aborda a situação do Nordeste e o compromisso da Igreja com os pobres e com a transformação da sociedade, tendo sido publicado em plena ditadura militar. Esse artigo tem um duplo objetivo: 1) situar o documento no contexto de transformação eclesial desencadeado pelo Concílio Vaticano II e sua recepção latino-americana, bem como no contexto sociopolítico de ditadura militar e de acirramento das tensões entre setores da Igreja e os militares; 2) apresentar, a partir do documento, os fundamentos teológico-pastorais que justificam e exigem essa tomada de posição da Igreja sobre a realidade do povo nordestino.
A cidade da justiça e a cidade fiel
Authors: Rossi Luiz Alexandre Solano , Kleinibing Guilherme
Published: February 2025

A perícope de Is 1,21-26 contém uma crítica ácida do profeta Isaías ao funcionalismo estrutural da cidade de Jerusalém e, com isso, ele atinge de forma direta a monarquia e o rei. O texto bíblico apresenta uma perspectiva de alto teor teológico e social. A elite social de Jerusalém aliou-se ao poder político, de modo que os processos judiciais estavam sendo manipulados por aqueles que dominavam a circulação da economia na cidade. Com isso, o texto bíblico aborda de modo específico a exploração e marginalização do órfão e da viúva na cidade. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa considerou a análise teológica e social da exploração e desumanização existente na capital de Judá, a cidade de Jerusalém, no período histórico do VIII a. C., período em que Isaías atuou como profeta. Desse modo, a pesquisa focou a urgente necessidade de humanização, para que a sociedade possa consolidar a solidariedade aos mais fracos e pobres.
Contribuições teórico-metodológicas em Hans Küng para a relação entre religião, política e economia em busca da paz
Authors: Rocha Ozenildo Santos Xavier da
Published: February 2025

A pesquisa analisa as contribuições teóricas e metodológicas de Hans Küng sobre a interconexão entre religião, política e economia na busca pela paz. Inicialmente, examina as perspectivas ético-culturais e políticas da religião, ressaltando a visão de Küng acerca das religiões como fontes de valores éticos universais que favorecem a justiça social e a colaboração mundial. Em seguida, aborda a paz como um conceito ético-religioso, defendendo que ela está intrinsicamente ligada à justiça, à reconciliação e ao respeito mútuo, e deve ser promovida por meio de uma abordagem geopolítica que incorpore princípios éticos inspirados na religião. Por último, analisa o Parlamento das Religiões como um modelo teórico-metodológico para a edificação da paz global, em que os representantes de diferentes tradições religiosas trabalham juntos para estabelecer uma "Ética Mundial". A metodologia utilizada envolve revisão de literatura e análise da ética de Hans Küng como possibilidade de solução para os problemas da guerra e de conflitos na atualidade. A conclusão é que a articulação entre religião, política e economia é fundamental para um futuro pacífico, em que a paz é alcançada por meio da justiça e da cooperação internacional. As propostas de Küng proporcionam uma base valiosa para enfrentar os desafios atuais e avançar rumo a um mundo mais equilibrado e justo.
O Campo Religioso para Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Ecco Clóvis , Oliveira Laura Beatriz Alves de
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisa a relação entre religião, poder e burocracia a partir da perspectiva sociológica de Pierre Bourdieu. O tema central abordado é como a religião, vista como um fenômeno social, é moldada por dinâmicas de poder e burocracia que favorecem a manutenção das desigualdades sociais. O objetivo desse estudo é investigar como as instituições religiosas, especialmente a Igreja, utilizam burocracias para consolidar seu domínio e perpetuar a exploração de grupos subordinados, enquanto suprimem discursos alternativos representados pelos Profetas e suas seitas. Utilizou-se a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica que se baseia em teorias sociológicas clássicas e contemporâneas sobre religião, poder e burocracia, com ênfase nas contribuições de Bourdieu. O artigo revisa e compara teorias de autores como Max Weber, Karl Marx e outros estudiosos para entender como a burocracia religiosa sustenta o poder institucional e a ordem social existente. Os passos seguidos no estudo incluem uma análise das dinâmicas de poder dentro do campo religioso, uma investigação sobre o papel das burocracias na Igreja, e uma discussão sobre as implicações sociais e políticas da religião na manutenção da desigualdade. A conclusão sugere que as burocracias religiosas desempenham um papel crucial na legitimação do poder da Igreja, ao mesmo tempo que reconhece a emergência de teologias progressistas e pluralistas como potenciais formas de resistência e contestação a essas estruturas de poder estabelecidas.
Cognitive Flexibility and Sports Anxiety Among Turkish Sports High School Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Öztürk Çelik Demet , Öktem Döne
Published: February 2025

The present study aimed to examine the cognitive flexibility and sports anxiety levels of students in a sports high school in Turkey according to the sports branch in which they were trained. The study sample comprised 240 athletes (male n=138; female n=102) from a sports high school in Osmaniye province, Turkey. Each athlete’s cognitive flexibility and sports anxiety levels were examined using the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) and Sports Anxiety Scale (SAS-2), respectively. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric hypothesis tests (Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests), and correlation analysis (Spearman’s Rank Difference Correlation Coefficient) were used for data analyses. One finding of the study was that there was no positive or negative association between student athletes’ cognitive flexibility skills and sports anxiety levels. Second finding was student athletes’ cognitive flexibility levels were statistically significantly different in terms of gender and branch of sports (p<0.05). The cognitive flexibility levels of female athletes were higher than those of male athletes. The mean value of the cognitive flexibility level was lowest in football players and highest in basketball players. One important finding of the study was that the sports anxiety levels of student athletes increased progressively as the school year increase from 1st grade to 4th grade. The sports anxiety is an important factor that negatively affects athletes’ performance, especially in the adolescent athletes. Thus, it is crucial to develop new strategies to reduce sports anxiety among adolescent student athletes and increase their mental health.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАБОТЫ ТЕПЛОВОЙ НАСОСНОЙ УСТАНОВКИ ТИПА «ВОЗДУХ-ВОДА» В СИСТЕМЕ ТЕПЛОСНАБЖЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ АРКТИКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ)
Authors: Реев В.Г. , Васильев П.Ф.
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена анализу функционирования тепловой насосной установки с низкопотенциальным источником энергии в виде окружающего воздуха в условиях Арктики Республики Саха (Якутия). Актуальность исследования заключается в необходимости внедрения энергоэффективных технологий в сфере энергетики в арктических территориях в целях снижения дорогостоящего топлива. В некоторых районах Республики Саха (Якутия), находящихся в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации, стоимость топлива с учетом доставки возрастает до 2,5 раз, при этом срок доставки в связи со сложностью транспортной схемы доходит до 2,5 лет. Цель - анализ режима работы воздушной тепловой насосной установки в системе теплоснабжения в условиях Арктики на примере Республики Саха (Якутия). Методы исследования - использованы формулы, описывающие термодинамические процессы фреонов, сравнение результатов расчета. Результаты работы - произведен анализ климата арктических территорий Республики Саха (Якутия). Определен период функционирования воздушной тепловой насосной установки в условиях расположения в арктических широтах. Произведен расчет цикла режима работы воздушной тепловой насосной установки с учетом температурного графика системы теплоснабжения. Рассчитаны значения коэффициента преобразования электроэнергии (КПЭ) при различных значениях температуры окружающего воздуха, справедливые для месяцев функционирования установки.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the functioning of a heat pumping unit with a low-potential energy source in the form of ambient air in the Arctic conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Relevance. The relevance of the study lies in the need to introduce energy-efficient technologies in the field of energy in the Arctic territories in order to reduce expensive fuels. In some areas of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the cost of fuel, taking into account delivery, increases up to 2.5 times, while the delivery time due to the complexity of the transport scheme reaches 2.5 years. Goal - to analyze the functioning of an air heat pumping unit in a heat supply system in the Arctic using the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Research methods. This article uses the laws of thermodynamics of freons, a method for comparing calculation results and a comparative analysis of the final results. The results of the work and discussion - an analysis of the climate of the Arctic territories of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was carried out. The period of operation of an air heat pumping unit in conditions of location in Arctic latitudes has been determined. The calculation of the operating cycle of the air heat pumping unit has been performed, taking into account the temperature schedule of the heat supply system. The values of the electric power conversion coefficient (KPI) at various ambient temperature values are calculated, which are valid for the months of operation of the installation.
«Дурной глаз» и «плохая нога» в греческих верованиях и ритуальных практиках Автор: Сиднева С.А.
Authors: Сиднева С.А.
Published: February 2025

Исследование посвящено двум самым распространенным и актуальным сегодня верованиям греческого народа — το κακό μάτι (дурному глазу) и το ποδαρικό — гаданию об удаче в новом году или при каком-либо начинании по первому гостю, который получает наименование το καλό πόδι (хорошая нога) или το κακό πόδι (плохая нога). Неизменными на протяжении многих веков в греческом обществе остаются и связанные с данными суевериями ритуальные практики апотропеического или лечебного характера. Особое внимание уделено тому, кто считался носителем «дурного глаза» или «плохой ноги», и эволюции этих идей, часто обусловленных религиозно-этическими представлениями, контактами с другими культурными традициями, открытостью или закрытостью сообществ. В статье также рассматриваются инновации, которые привносят в ритуальные практики технологический прогресс, глобализация и делаются выводы, что при новых формах реализации обрядов их механизм и семантика сохраняют архаичные модели. Источниками исследования стали опросы информантов, проведенные в Греции и в греческих общинах РФ, в период с 2005 по 2024 г., греческие СМИ, работы отечественных и зарубежных исследователей.

This study is dedicated to the two most widespread beliefs of contemporary Greek people — το κακό μάτι, or the “evil eye”, and το ποδαρικό — fortune-telling about luck in the New Year or at the start of any endeavor that befalls one’s first visitor, who receives either the name το καλό πόδι (“good or lucky foot”) or το κακό πόδι (“bad foot”). Ritual practices of an apotropaic or healing nature associated with these superstitions have remained unchanged in Greek society for many centuries. The article pays particular attention to those who are considered the bearers of the “evil eye” or “bad foot” and the evolution of these ideas, which are often related to religious and ethical ideas, contacts with other cultural traditions, and to the degree of a community’s openness. The article also examines the innovations that technological progress and globalization bring to ritual practices and draws the conclusion that even with new forms of ritual implementation, their mechanism and semantics generally follow archaic patterns. The sources of the study are surveys of informants conducted in Greece and in Greek communities of the Russian Federation in the period from 2005 to 2024, as well as material from Greek media and works by Greek and foreign researchers.
Сглаз у албанцев Балкан: порча, сила, дурные и добрые намерения
Authors: Новик А.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье представлены результаты многолетнего исследования феномена сглаза у албанцев Балканского полуострова (главным образом Албании, Косова и Северной Македонии). Привлекая фольклорные сюжеты и опираясь на собственные полевые материалы, собиравшиеся с 1990 по 2024 г., автор анализирует сохранение в современном обществе устойчивых представлений о преднамеренном или нежелаемом нанесении порчи людям, домашней скотине или имуществу теми, кто обладает определенными воображаемыми или реальными физическими данными, тайными знаниями и способностями. Сохранение устойчивых представлений о сглазе изучается с привлечением данных по различным конфессиональным группам албанцев: мусульман суннитов и христиан католиков и православных. Особый фокус направлен на освещение распространенных на западе Балкан «антидотов» стороннего влияния на жизнь и судьбу, здоровье и благополучие. Помимо традиционных апотропеев, к которым можно отнести рога барана, клыки и когти медведя и волка, ртуть, чеснок, драгоценные металлы, изображения глаза, священные тексты и пр., исключительное распространение в конце ХХ — начале XXI в. приобрели различные игрушки, предметы детского творчества и т. п. Инновации, происходящие в три последних десятилетия в сфере борьбы с дурным глазом на западе Балкан, демонстрируют поразительную устойчивость традиционных верований и активную сопротивляемость культурных феноменов унификации эпохи глобализма.

This article presents the results of a long-term study of the phenomenon of the evil eye among Albanians of the Balkan Peninsula (mainly Albania and Kosovo, as well as North Macedonia). Drawing on folklore stories and relying on his own field materials collected from 1990 to 2024, the author analyzes the persistence in modern society of archaic ideas about intentional or unwanted damage to people, livestock or property by those who have certain imaginary or real physical characteristics, secret knowledge and abilities. The preservation of stable ideas about the evil eye is studied using data from various religious groups of Albanians: Sunni Muslims and Catholic and Orthodox Christians. A special focus is aimed at highlighting the “antidotes” of such third-party negative influence on life and destiny, health and well-being, common in the Western Balkans. In addition to traditional apotropaia, which include ram horns, fangs and claws of a bear and wolf, mercury, garlic, precious metals, images of eyes, sacred texts, etc., the purchase of various toys and children’s art items became widespread at the end of the twentieth — beginning of the twenty-first centuries. Innovations occurring in the last three decades in the fight against the evil eye demonstrate the amazing stability of traditional beliefs and the active resistance to cultural integration in the era of globalism.
Феномен сглаза в прошлом и настоящем (пример Сардинии)
Authors: Мажиа А.
Published: February 2025

В статье автор, опираясь на результаты опросов, проводивших в 2022–2024 гг. в различных областях Сардинии — сельского региона повышенной консервативности, обладающего высокими показателями сохранности народной традиционной культуры, — делает попытку очертить современное состояние верований и магических практик, связанных со сглазом. Обращение автора к этой теме обусловлено высокой степенью веры в сглаз в исследуемом регионе, а также слабой изученностью данного вопроса. В процессе исследования внимание уделялось отличительным чертам и особенностям локального видения тех, от кого исходит сглаз как агрессия, катализаторам и триггерам сглаза (в частности, зависти), «каналам» его реализации (через хулу и похвалу), объектам этого воздействия, мерам защиты от сглаза (вербальным и невербальным способам предохранения от «агрессии», амулетам и т. д.), способам и каналам избавления от последствий сглаза, традиционным фигурам народных целительниц, оперирующим древними магическими приемами и продолжающими пользоваться широкой популярностью у населения. Обращение к живому материалу — результатам опросов — позволяет не только констатировать высокую степень консервации веры в сглаз, но и проследить уровень культурной преемственности в Сардинии, а также пролить свет на многие аспекты островной культуры.

In this article, the author outlines the current state of beliefs and magical practices associated with the evil eye. His study is based on surveys conducted in 2022—2024 in various regions of Sardinia, a conservative rural region in Italy which has preserved traditional folk culture to a high degree. The author was drawn to this topic both due to the high index of belief in the evil eye in this region as well as our poor understanding of this phenomenon. In the course of the research, he notes: the distinctive features of the local vision of those from whom the evil eye emanates as a type of aggression; the catalysts and triggers of the evil eye (in particular, envy); “channels” of its implementation (through blasphemy and through praise); the objects of this influence; the measures of protection against the evil eye (verbal and non-verbal ways to protect against “aggression”, such as amulets, etc.); methods of getting rid of the effects of the evil eye. Also examined are the traditional figures of folk healers who operate with ancient magical techniques and who continue to enjoy wide popularity. The “living material” captured in surveys allows the author not only to deduce a high degree of faith in the evil eye, but also to trace the level of cultural continuity in Sardinia, as well as to shed light on many aspects of island culture.
Климент Васильевич Квитка: комментарии к биографии (из печатных и архивных источников)
Authors: Битерякова Е.В.
Published: February 2025

Настоящая публикация представляет биографию Климента Васильевича Квитки (1880–1953), составленную на основе нескольких источников — словарной статьи Л. Б. Архимович (1950), комментариев и уточнений к этой статье, написанных самим К. В. Квиткой и хранившихся в фонде Института искусствоведения, фольклористики и этнологии им. М. Ф. Рыльского (ИИФЭ) Национальной академии наук Украины (до их издания в 1989 г. В. В. Кузик), а также соответствующих черновых заметок ученого, датируемых 1950 г. и находящихся в фонде 275 Российского национального музея музыки (РНММ). В результате объединения данных из названных источников складывается весьма развернутая и подробная авторизованная биография К. В. Квитки, содержащая целый ряд неизвестных ранее деталей и фактов, сообщенных им лично. Введение этих новых сведений в научный оборот станет очередным этапом в деле создания исчерпывающего описания жизни и деятельности выдающегося этномузыколога ХХ столетия.

This publication presents a biography of Kliment Kvitka, based on several sources including: (1) the dictionary article by Lidiya B. Arkhimovich (1950); (2) Kvitka’s comments and clarifications of this article, preserved in the fund of the Maksim F. Rylsky Institute of Art History, Folklore and Ethnology (IIFE) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (published in 1989 by Valentina V. Kuzik); and (3) Kvitka’s draft notes to the same article, kept at the Russian National Museum of Music (RNMM). Combining information from these sources results in a more detailed biography of the scholar that contains previously unknown facts reported by Kvitka himself. This new information contributes to a more complete biography of this outstanding twentieth-century ethnomusicologist.
Дивеево. Образы прошлого. Образы веры
Authors: Фадеева Л.В.
Published: February 2025

Шеваренкова Ю.  М. Православная история Дивеевского края в преданиях и легендах XX–XXI вв. — Н. Новгород: Изд-во «Педагогические технологии», 2021. — 718 с.: ил. (Серия «Фольклорное наследие Нижегородского края». Т. 3: Фольклор Дивеевского района Нижегородской области. Ч. 3).

Review of: Shevarenkova Y. M. Pravoslavnaya istoriya Diveevskogo kraya v predaniyakh i legendakh XX–XXI vv. [Orthodox Christian History of the Diveyevo Region in the Oral Tradition and Legends of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries]. Nizhny Novgorod: Publishing House “Pedagogicheskie Tekhnologii”, 2021. — 718 p.; il. (Serya “FoΓklormoe nasledie Nizhegorodskogo kraya” [The Folklore Heritage of the Nizhny Novgorod Region]). Vol. 3: FoΓklor Diveevskogo raiona Nizhegorodskoi oblasti [Folklore of Diveyevo Region of Nizhny Novgorod District]. Part 3.
Фольклор родины Валерия Гаврилина
Authors: Иванова Т.Г.
Published: February 2025

Рец. на кн.: Дорога в музыку…: Фольклорно-этнографические материалы родины В.  А.  Гаврилина / Департамент культуры и туризма Вологодской обл. Центр народной культуры; Сост. И. В. Дубова; Науч. ред. С. Р. Кулева. Вологда: Центр народной культуры; Череповец: Череповецъ, 2024. — 192 с.: нот., ил.

Review of: Doroga v muzyku…: Fol’klorno-etnograficheskie materialy rodiny V. A. Gavrilina [The Road to Music…: Folklore and Ethnographic Materials from the Homeland of V. A. Gavrilin] / Departament kul’tury i turizma Vologodskoj obl. Centr narodnoj kul’tury; Sost. I. V. Dubova; Nauch. red. S. R. Kuleva. Vologda: Centr narodnoj kul’tury; Cherepovec: Cherepovec, 2024. — 192 p.: not., il.
What Happened to Initial Teacher Education in Indonesia? A Review of the Literature
Authors: Novita Pipit
Published: February 2025

This paper provides an overview of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) in Indonesia over the past seven decades (1950-2019) from some theme-related literature. The summary of the socio and geographical background which affect the quality of teachers in the national scale is briefly presented followed by the information about Indonesian student achievement and the need of improvement of ITE in the literature. This paper focuses on the impacts of some historical, political and ITE educational system background to the development of teacher education. The review also illustrates the challenges and condition of ITE nowadays. The paper suggested a program outcome evaluation study as one of the possible solutions to improve and sustain the quality of ITE and its graduates.
Some practices from STEM education and the incorporation of some SDG goals in the educational process in the Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Jashari Hasime
Published: February 2025

Interdisciplinary integration as a form of STEM(Sience, technology, engineering, mathematics) education including the combined learning of natural sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics has recently evoked interest in the involvement of this type of education to a greater extent in the educational process. STEM education still does not have the right approach in primary and secondary schools in the Republic of North Macedonia, so we will try to share some practices from working with our students. STEM education has developed with more intensity in our school since the implementation of the project ‘21st century Schools’ supported by the British Council. During this study, the activities were carried out during the academic year 2022/2023 in two primary schools in two different municipalities, namely in Ismail Qemali primary school in Nerasht village, Tearca municipality and in Simçe Nastovski primary school in Vratnica, Jegunovci municipality. As a result of the application of integrated methods in the educational process, students have shown the highest results in terms of the level of knowledge and skills obtained. In the application of the integrated methods, 250 students from two primary schools were involved, where 50 of them were active participants of the Ismail Qemali Coding Club.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence on Teaching the Course of Didactic Methodology: A Case Study
Authors: Mavropoulou Eleni , Koutsoukos M. , Oikonomou A.
Published: February 2025

The potential of artificial intelligence is exploding in various aspects of daily and working life, improving the standard of living for people worldwide. In this light, it is clear that the field of education cannot remain unaffected. New research is bringing to light the advantages and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence into education with increasing frequency. With technological advancements and new opportunities emerging, the potential applications of artificial intelligence continue to expand. In order to maximize learning outcomes and promote holistic development in students, teachers must leverage AI effectively. The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of artificial intelligence in teaching the course of Didactic Methodology as part of the pedagogical education of Secondary school teachers. Using insights from relevant studies, the study examines whether Artificial Intelligence enhances the educational process. Artificial Intelligence for educational purposes will be reviewed in terms of its advantages and challenges. In the following case study, an entire didactic lesson will be described and learning materials will be provided. As part of this project, Artificial Intelligence (AI) was asked to create learning materials for a whole lesson within the course. Based on the course needs, learning materials were collected and structured. After generating the learning material, it was analysed and studied accordingly. The evaluation of the learning material will be done in relation to the course objective and the degree to which this has been achieved will be judged by the students' learning outcomes. As demonstrated in this study, Artificial Intelligence is able to provide satisfactory answers, and it can be used to customize teaching materials to meet the needs of teachers. This paper is intended to meet teachers’ needs as well as those of contemporary digital societies in the 21st century.
Implementing Islamic Marriage Rules in National Family Laws: A Case Study of Albania's Legal Framework
Authors: Nezha Kelmend , Berdufi Nertil , Qinami Aranit
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the implementation of Islamic marriage rules within the context of Albania's legal framework, focusing on the intersection between Islamic marriage practices and national family laws. It examines the issue of gender equality in marriage and divorce under Islamic law, with a particular emphasis on protecting women's rights and interests. The analysis begins by considering Islamic Law through a human rights lens, followed by a descriptive examination of Albania's Family Law as a secular state with a Muslim majority. The paper explores how Albanian Muslim couples, who enter into Islamic marriage contracts, navigate the national legal system during civil marriage registration and divorce proceedings. It aims to identify the legal challenges that may arise in such situations, considering Albanian legal regulations related to marriage and divorce. The study also delves into how family law addresses Shari'ah principles concerning marriage and divorce procedures, as well as the dynamics of gender relations in initiating divorce. Moreover, it investigates the enforcement of mahr (the husband's gift to his wife) provisions stipulated in Islamic marriage contracts and discusses how Albanian judges should respond to such requests. Ultimately, the paper explores the compatibility of enforcing Islamic marriage contracts with the law, while ensuring that their provisions do not infringe upon constitutional and human rights.
Artificial Creativity – Early Analyses of LLMs’ Creative Approaches
Authors: Pretsch Juergen , Pretsch Ekaterina , Fuchs Michael
Published: February 2025

This study explores AI creativity through a two-pronged experiment: ChatGPT for language processing and MidJourney for text-to-image synthesis. Both models focused on expressing Ekman's six basic emotions. By manipulating ChatGPT's 'temperature' to vary linguistic creativity and using these outputs to guide MidJourney's image creation, the research examines the nuanced capabilities of AI in generating emotionally resonant artworks and linguistically complex prompts. The study's findings highlight two significant contributions of AI to creative domains: firstly, AI's ability to evoke specific emotions in viewers through art, effectively bridging the gap between synthetic cognition and human emotion; and secondly, AI's development of unique artistic styles, a result of assimilating and reinterpreting diverse artistic influences. These insights not only broaden our understanding of AI's creative capabilities but also point towards its potential to significantly enrich the artistic landscape.
Argumentum ex Cartesio: A Study of Descartes’ Employment of Arguments in His Meditations on First Philosophy
Authors: Tweyman Stanley
Published: February 2025

In his Regulae (Rules for the Direction of the Understanding), Descartes focuses on Arithmetic and Geometry as the methodological model for argumentation and learning generally. As a result, it is generally assumed that his Meditations on First Philosophy employs the deductive method utilized in Mathematics. Part of the difficulty in understanding the method of the Meditations stems from the fact the nowhere in the Meditations does Descartes explain the method he employs in this work. In fact, Descartes addresses the method of the Meditations in only one place, namely, in the Replies to the Second Set of Objections, where he contrasts the method of Geometry (which he refers to as ‘synthesis’) with the method of the Meditations (which he refers to as ‘analysis’). In my paper, I turn to the Descartes’ Dreaming/ Waking argument in the fourth and fifth paragraphs of the first meditation to illustrate how scholars have erred in their critical exegetical efforts, when they regard the Meditations as utilizing a logical mathematical-type approach in arguments in the search after truth. In the second half of my paper, I focus on Descartes’ method of ‘analysis’, the only method that he insists he employs in his Meditations.