bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tandem Carbon Hollow Spheres with Tailored Inner Structure as Sulfur Immobilization for Superior Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ma Hongwei , Yu Zhisheng , Li Haocheng , Guo Daying , Zhou Zheyang , Jin Huile , Wu Lianhui , Chen Xi'an , Wang Shun
Published: December 2023

The construction of lithium–sulfur battery cathode materials while simultaneously achieving high areal sulfur‐loading, adequate sulfur utilization, efficient polysulfides inhibition, rapid ion diffusion, etc. remains a major challenge. Herein, an internal regulatory strategy to fabricate the unique walnut‐like yolk–shell carbon flower@carbon nanospheres is presented (WSYCS) as sulfur hosts. The internal carbon flower, suitable cavity, and external carbon layer effectively disperse the insulate sulfur, accommodate volumetric expansion, and confine polysulfides, thus improving the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries. The finite element simulation method also deduces the enhanced Li+ diffusion and lithium–sulfur reaction kinetics. More importantly, WSYCS2 is grafted onto carbon fiber (CF) by electro‐spinning method to form a tandem WSYCS2@CF 3D film as a sulfur host for the free‐standing electrode. The corresponding battery exhibits an extremely high areal capacity of 15.5 mAh cm−2 with a sulfur loading of 13.4 mg cm−2. Particularly, the flexible lithium–sulfur pouch cell delivers a high capacity of 8.1 mAh cm−2 and excellent capacity retention of 65% over 800 cycles at a relatively high rate of 1C, corresponding to a calculated energy density of 539 Wh kg−1 and 591 Wh L−1. This work not only provides guidance for tailoring thick carbon/sulfur electrodes but also boosts the development of practical lithium–sulfur batteries.
Catalytic Deoxygenative Reduction of Hydrazides to Hydrazines via B(C6F5)3‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation
Authors: Wang Heyu , Yang Ji , Luo Zhenli , Yao Zhen , Yang Jianbo , Li Huanrong , Xu Lijin
Published: December 2023

The catalytic deoxygenative reduction of hydrazides to the corresponding alkyl hydrazine with PhSiH3 via B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed hydrosilylation is reported. This metal‐free protocol is compatible with various acylhydrazides and diacylhydrazides, giving rise to a variety of structurally diverse alkyl hydrazine products in 63–95% yields. The proper selection of borane catalyst and hydrosilane reductant is essential for catalysis. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the reaction involves a hydrazone intermediate.
Design and Characterization of a Novel eEF2K Degrader with Potent Therapeutic Efficacy Against Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhong Changxin , Zhu Rongfeng , Jiang Ting , Tian Sheng , Zhao Xiaobao , Wan Xiaoya , Jiang Shilong , Chen Zonglin , Gong Rong , He Linhao , Yang Jin‐Ming , Ye Na , Cheng Yan
Published: December 2023

Dysregulated eEF2K expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of many human cancers, including triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), making it a plausible therapeutic target. However, specific eEF2K inhibitors with potent anti‐cancer activity have not been available so far. Targeted protein degradation has emerged as a new strategy for drug discovery. In this study, a novel small molecule chemical is designed and synthesized, named as compound C1, which shows potent activity in degrading eEF2K. C1 selectively binds to F8, L10, R144, C146, E229, and Y236 of the eEF2K protein and promotes its proteasomal degradation by increasing the interaction between eEF2K and the ubiquitin E3 ligase βTRCP in the form of molecular glue. C1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of TNBC cells both in vitro and in vivo and in TNBC patient‐derived organoids, and these antitumor effects are attributed to the degradation of eEF2K by C1. Additionally, combination treatment of C1 with paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug, exhibits synergistic anti‐tumor effects against TNBC. This study not only generates a powerful research tool to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting eEF2K, but also provides a promising lead compound for developing novel drugs for the treatment of TNBC and other cancers.
Ultrasensitive Colorimetric Luminescence Thermometry by Progressive Phase Transition
Authors: Suo Hao , Guo Dongxu , Zhao Peihang , Zhang Xin , Wang Yu , Zheng Weilin , Li Panlai , Yin Tao , Guan Li , Wang Zhijun , Wang Feng
Published: December 2023

Luminescent materials that display quick spectral responses to thermal stimuli have attracted pervasive attention in sensing technologies. Herein, a programmable luminescence color switching in lanthanide‐doped LiYO2 under thermal stimuli, based on deliberate control of the monoclinic (β) to tetragonal (α) phase transition in the crystal lattice, is reported. Specifically, a lanthanide‐doping (Ln3+) approach to fine‐tune the phase‐transition temperature in a wide range from 294 to 359 K is developed. Accordingly, an array of Ln3+‐doped LiYO2 crystals that exhibit progressive phase transition, and thus sequential color switching at gradually increasing temperatures, is constructed. The tunable optical response to thermal stimuli is harnessed for colorimetric temperature indication and quantitative detection, demonstrating superior sensitivity and temperature resolution (Sr = 26.1% K−1, δT = 0.008 K). The advances in controlling the phase‐transition behavior of luminescent materials also offer exciting opportunities for high‐performance personalized health monitoring.
Can digital transformation promote the improvement of regional food security? Empirical findings from China
Authors: Yao Shunyu , Fu Zitian
Published: December 2023

Food security is an important guarantee for people's lives and national security, and digital transformation provides a new approach to improving the level of food security. Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2021, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of digital transformation on food security using fixed effects model, mediation model, moderation model, and spatial Durbin model. The research results show that: (1) digital transformation has a promoting effect on the level of food security, and there is regional heterogeneity in this promoting effect; (2) digital transformation has a mediating effect on the level of food security, which can improve the level of food security by promoting technological innovation, agricultural scale management, and marketization levels; (3) environmental regulations play a positive moderating role in the process of digital transformation promoting the level of food security; (4) there is a spatial spillover effect of digital transformation on the level of food security, which has a positive spillover effect on surrounding areas. Therefore, moving forward, it is imperative that we prioritize the digital transformation of the entire food industry chain, promote the coordinated development of digital industries in various regions, further improve the R&D innovation capability of digital technology, promote the integration of farmland to achieve large‐scale agricultural operation, and enhance the level of marketization, and at the same time improve environmental monitoring standards, fully tap the promoting effect of digital transformation on regional food security level. [EconLit Citations: Q16, Q18, R15].
Full‐Spectrum Responsive Naphthalimide/Perylene Diimide with a Giant Internal Electric Field for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Meng Lingjun , Zhang Jian , Yang Shaogui , Sun Cheng , Li Hui , Li Junshan , Zhu Yongfa
Published: December 2023

The co‐assembly naphthalimide/perylene diimide (NDINH/PDINH) supramolecular photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a rapid solution dispersion method. A giant internal electric field (IEF) in co‐assembly structure was built by the larger local dipole. NDINH coated on PDINH could reduce the reflected electric field over PDINH to improve its responsive activity to ultraviolet light. Resultantly, an efficient full‐spectrum photocatalytic overall water splitting activity with H2 and O2 evolution rate of 317.2 and 154.8 μmol g−1 h−1 for NDINH/PDINH together with optimized O2 evolution rate with 2.61 mmol g−1 h−1 using AgNO3 as a sacrificial reagent were achieved. Meanwhile, its solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency was enhanced to 0.13 %. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was primarily attributed to the IEF between NDINH and PDINH, significantly accelerating transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers. Additionally, a direct Z‐Scheme pathway of carriers contributed to a high redox potential. The strategy provided a new perspective for the design of supramolecular photocatalysts.
Photocatalytic Generation of Trifluoromethyl Nitrene for Alkene Aziridination
Authors: Baris Norbert , Dračínský Martin , Tarábek Ján , Filgas Josef , Slavíček Petr , Ludvíková Lucie , Boháčová Soňa , Slanina Tomáš , Klepetářová Blanka , Beier Petr
Published: December 2023

N‐Trifluoromethylated organics may be applied in drug design, agrochemical synthesis, and materials science, among other areas. Yet, despite recent advances in the synthesis of aliphatic, cyclic and heterocyclic N‐trifluoromethyl compounds, no strategy based on trifluoromethyl nitrene has hitherto been explored. Here we describe the formation of triplet trifluoromethyl nitrene from azidotrifluoromethane, a stable and safe‐to‐use precursor, by visible light photocatalysis. The addition of CF3N to alkenes via biradical intermediates afforded previously unknown aziridines substituted with trifluoromethyl group on the nitrogen atom. The obtained aziridines were converted into either N‐trifluoromethylimidazolines, via formal [3+2] cycloaddition with nitriles, mediated by a Lewis acid, or into N‐trifluoromethylaldimines, via ring opening and aryl group migration mediated by a strong Brønsted acid. Our findings open new opportunities for the development of novel classes of N‐CF3 compounds with possible applications in the life sciences.
Fused‐Ring Pyrrole‐Based Near‐Infrared Emissive Organic RTP Material for Persistent Afterglow Bioimaging
Authors: Zhao Yeyun , Yang Jianhui , Liang Chao , Wang Zhongjie , Zhang Yongfeng , Li Gengchen , Qu Jiamin , Wang Xi , Zhang Yahui , Sun Peng , Shi Jianbing , Tong Bin , Xie Hai‐Yan , Cai Zhengxu , Dong Yuping
Published: December 2023

Organic near‐infrared room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials offer remarkable advantages in bioimaging due to their characteristic time scales and background noise elimination. However, developing near‐infrared RTP materials for deep tissue imaging still faces challenges since the small band gap may increase the non‐radiative decay, resulting in weak emission and short phosphorescence lifetime. In this study, fused‐ring pyrrole‐based structures were employed as the guest molecules for the construction of long wavelength emissive RTP materials. Compared to the decrease of the singlet energy level, the triplet energy level showed a more effectively decrease with the increase of the conjugation of the substituent groups. Moreover, the sufficient conjugation of fused ring structures in the guest molecule suppresses the non‐radiative decay of triplet excitons. Therefore, a near‐infrared RTP material (764 nm) was achieved for deep penetration bioimaging. Tumor cell membrane is used to coat RTP nanoparticles (NPs) to avoid decreasing the RTP performance compared to traditional coating by amphiphilic surfactants. RTP NPs with tumor‐targeting properties show favorable phosphorescent properties, superior stability, and excellent biocompatibility. These NPs are applied for time‐resolved luminescence imaging to eliminate background interference with excellent tissue penetration. This study provides a practical solution to prepare long‐wavelength and long‐lifetime organic RTP materials and their applications in bioimaging.
Thermolysis of Biphenylene toward Cyclo‐ortho‐phenylenes
Authors: Ehjeij Daniel , Rominger Frank , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Freudenberg Jan , Müllen Klaus
Published: December 2023

The solvent and catalyst free thermolysis of biphenylenes at 350 °C furnishes [n]cyclo‐ortho‐phenylenes ([n]COPs, n=4–10) in one step and in high yields. At 400 °C biphenylene dimerizes into tetraphenylene, but lower reaction temperatures produce cyclooligomers. If suitably substituted, the oligomers are soluble and can be isolated and characterized. The products are exclusively cyclic. In the crystalline state, [6]COP displays an alternating crown‐shaped conformation.
Versatile Neuromorphic Modulation and Biosensing based on N‐type Small‐molecule Organic Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors
Authors: Liu Riping , Zhu Xiuyuan , Duan Jiayao , Chen Junxin , Xie Zhuang , Chen Chaoyue , Xie Xi , Zhang Yanxi , Yue Wan
Published: December 2023

The ion/chemical‐based modulation feature of organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) are critical to advancing next generation bio‐integrated neuromorphic hardware. Despite achievements with polymeric OMIECs in organic electrochemical neuronal synapse (OENS). However, small molecule OMIECs based OENS has not yet been realized. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate an effective materials design concept of combining n‐type fused all‐acceptor small molecule OMIECs with subtle side chain optimization that enables robustly and flexibly modulating versatile synaptic behavior and sensing neurotransmitter in solid or aqueous electrolyte, operating in accumulation modes. By judicious tuning the ending side chains, the linear oligoether and butyl chain derivative gNR‐Bu exhibits higher recognition accuracy for a model artificial neural network (ANN) simulation, higher steady conductance states and more outstanding ambient stability, which is superior to the state‐of‐art n‐type OMIECs based OENS. These superior artificial synapse characteristics of gNR‐Bu can be attributed to its higher crystallinity with stronger ion bonding capacities. More impressively, we unprecedentedly realized n‐type small‐molecule OMIECs based OENS as a neuromorphic biosensor enabling to respond synaptic communication signals of dopamine even at sub‐μM level in aqueous electrolyte. This work may open a new path of small‐molecule ion‐electron conductors for next‐generation ANN and bioelectronics.
Dynamic Monkey Bar Mechanism of Superionic Li‐ion Transport in LiTaCl6
Authors: Lei Ming , Li Bo , Liu Hongjun , Jiang De‐en
Published: December 2023

The LiTaCl6 solid electrolyte has the lowest activation energy of ionic conduction at ambient conditions (0.165 eV), with a record high ionic conductivity for a ternary compound (11 mS cm−1). However, the mechanism has been unclear. We train machine‐learning force fields (MLFF) on ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) data on‐the‐fly and perform MLFF MD simulations of AIMD quality up to the nanosecond scale at the experimental temperatures, which allows us to predict accurate activation energy for Li‐ion diffusion (at 0.164 eV). Detailed analyses of trajectories and vibrational density of states show that the large‐amplitude vibrations of Cl− ions in TaCl6− enable the fast Li‐ion transport by allowing dynamic breaking and reforming of Li−Cl bonds across the space in between the TaCl6− octahedra. We term this process the dynamic‐monkey‐bar mechanism of superionic Li+ transport which could aid the development of new solid electrolytes for all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.
Leveraging Radiation‐triggered Metal Prodrug Activation Through Nanosurface Energy Transfer for Directed Radio‐chemo‐immunotherapy
Authors: Ruan Feixia , Fang Hui , Chen Fangman , Xie Xiaochun , He Maomao , Wang Ran , Lu Junna , Wu Ziping , Liu Jiali , Guo Feng , Sun Wen , Shao Dan
Published: December 2023

Metal‐based drugs currently dominate the field of chemotherapeutic agents; however, achieving the controlled activation of metal prodrugs remains a substantial challenge. Here, we propose a universal strategy for the radiation‐triggered activation of metal prodrugs via nanosurface energy transfer (NSET). The core–shell nanoplatform (Ru‐GNC) is composed of gold nanoclusters (GNC) and ruthenium (Ru)‐containing organic–inorganic hybrid coatings. Upon X‐ray irradiation, chemotherapeutic Ru (II) complexes were released in a controlled manner through a unique NSET process involving the transfer of photoelectron energy from the radiation‐excited Ru‐GNCs to the Ru‐containing hybrid layer. In contrast to the traditional radiation‐triggered activation of prodrugs, such an NSET‐based system ensures that the reactive species in the tumor microenvironment are present in sufficient quantity and are not easily quenched. Additionally, ultrasmall Ru‐GNCs preferably target mitochondria and profoundly disrupt the respiratory chain upon irradiation, leading to radiosensitization by generating abundant reactive oxygen species. Consequently, Ru‐GNC‐directed radiochemotherapy induces immunogenic cell death, resulting in significant therapeutic outcomes when combined with the programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD−L1) checkpoint blockade. This NSET strategy represents a breakthrough in designing radiation‐triggered nanoplatforms for metal‐prodrug‐mediated cancer treatment in an efficient and controllable manner.
Metal Vapour Synthesis of an Organometallic Barium(0) Synthon
Authors: Townrow Oliver P. E. , Färber Christian , Zenneck Ulrich , Harder Sjoerd
Published: December 2023

A hydrocarbon‐soluble barium anthracene complex was prepared by means of metal vapour synthesis. Reaction of 9,10‐bis(trimethylsilyl)anthracene (Anth′′) with barium vapour gave deep purple Ba(Anth′′) which after extraction with diethyl ether crystallised as the cyclic octamer [Ba(Anth′′)⋅Et2O]8. Dissolution in benzene or toluene led to replacement of the Et2O ligand with a softer arene ligand and isolation of Ba(Anth′′)⋅arene. Diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY NMR ) measurements in benzene‐d6 indicate solution species with a molecular weight that equals a trimeric constitution. Natural population analysis (NPA) assigned charges of +1.70 and −1.70 to Ba and Anth′′, respectively, relating to highly ionic Ba2+/Anth′′2− bonding. Preliminary reactivity studies with air, Ph2C=NPh, or H2 show that the complex reacts as a Ba0 synthon by release of neutral Anth′′. This soluble molecular Ba0/BaII redox synthon provides new routes for the syntheses of barium complexes under mild conditions.
Optical and physical properties of zirconium dioxide reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposite films
Authors: James Jemy , Johnson Rosemary , Nair Anjali R. , Eapen Nitin George , Joseph Blessy , Vignaud Guillaume , Grohens Yves , Laroze David , Kabdrakhmanova Sana , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Thomas Sabu
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to investigate the fundamental aspects of acrylic resin and zirconia nanoparticle interaction to analyze the optical properties and subsequent changes in refractive index with incremental loading of nanoparticles. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) reinforced with zirconia nanoparticles were prepared by dip coating, spin coating and solvent casting techniques. An overall understanding of the polymer nanocomposite film has been achieved using the spectroscopic and morphological studies. The vital aspect of this whole study is to derive a simple yet an efficient nanocomposite film capable of imparting extraordinary optical properties. Within the limitations of this research a very crucial property of the material has been revealed. The RI as well as the optical transparency of the nanocomposite film has been steadily maintained with a significant increase of RI by the magnitude of 0.06 and ~100% light transmittance on incorporation of pure zirconia nanoparticles into PMMA matrix has been achieved. The best technique found was spin coating as it could yield thin films and better transparency and higher refractive index.
Combined use of drones and geophysics in enhancing cemetery studies: Two case studies in Northern Ireland, UK
Authors: Alastair Ruffell , Benjamin Rocke
Published: December 2023

The real‐time use of drone‐derived orthoimagery and ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) facilitate conjunctive ground surveying and aerial visual reference of subterranean features within cemeteries. Geospatially referenced visual outputs allow sympathetic restoration and assist in understanding historical use. Two contrasting case studies demonstrate this: The first is a subterranean wall, built to separate Catholic and Protestant burials in a civic cemetery. The second example is the accurate positioning of unmarked inhumations in an Irish Famine burial ground, which facilitated preservation as a memorial garden in a hospital complex.
Developing microRNAs as engineering tools to modulate monoclonal antibody galactosylation
Authors: Klingler Florian , Schlossbauer Patrick , Naumann Lukas , Handrick René , Hesse Friedemann , Neusüß Christian , Otte Kerstin
Published: December 2023

N‐linked glycosylation is one of the most important post‐translational modifications of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and is considered to be a critical quality attribute (CQA), as the glycan composition often has immunomodulatory effects. Since terminal galactose residues of mAbs can affect antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement‐dependent cytolysis (CDC) activation, serum half‐life, and antiviral activity it has to be monitored, controlled and modulated to ensure therapeutic effects. The ability of small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) to modulate glycosylation in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) production cells was recently reported establishing miRNAs as engineering tools for modulation of protein glycosylation. In this study, we report the characterization and validation of miRNAs as engineering tools for increased (mmu‐miR‐452‐5p, mmu‐miR‐193b‐3p) or decreased (mmu‐miR‐7646‐5p, mmu‐miR‐7243‐3p, mmu‐miR‐1668, mmu‐let‐7c‐1‐3p, mmu‐miR‐7665‐3p, mmu‐miR‐6403) degree of galactosylation. Furthermore, the biological mode of action regulating gene expression of the galactosylation pathway was characterized as well as their influence on bioprocess‐related parameters. Most important, stable plasmid‐based overexpression of these miRNAs represents a versatile tool for engineering N‐linked galactosylation to achieve favorable phenotypes in cell lines for biopharmaceutical production.
Overexpression of endogenous multi‐copper oxidases mcoA and mcoC in Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 enhances lignin bioconversion to 2,4‐pyridine‐dicarboxylic acid
Authors: Rashid Goran M. M. , Sodré Victoria , Luo Jia , Bugg Timothy D. H.
Published: December 2023

To improve the titre of lignin‐derived pyridine‐dicarboxylic acid (PDCA) products in engineered Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 strains, plasmid‐based overexpression of seven endogenous and exogenous lignin‐degrading genes was tested. Overexpression of endogenous multi‐copper oxidases mcoA, mcoB, and mcoC was found to enhance 2,4‐PDCA production by 2.5‐, 1.4‐, and 3.5‐fold, respectively, while overexpression of dye‐decolorizing peroxidase dypB was found to enhance titre by 1.4‐fold, and overexpression of Streptomyces viridosporus laccase enhanced titre by 1.3‐fold. The genomic context of the R. jostii mcoA gene suggests involvement in 4‐hydroxybenzoate utilization, which was consistent with enhanced whole cell biotransformation of 4‐hydroxybenzoate by R. jostii pTipQC2‐mcoA. These data support the role of multi‐copper oxidases in bacterial lignin degradation, and provide an opportunity to enhance titres of lignin‐derived bioproducts.
Development and validation of a stability‐indicating ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method for the estimation of ibrutinib and trace‐level quantification of related substances using quality‐by‐design approach
Authors: Prasad Shishir Kumar , Kalpana Divekar
Published: December 2023

A new ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed using quality‐by‐design principles for quantifying trace‐level impurities of ibrutinib. The method utilized an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of equal parts of 0.02 M formic acid in water and 0.02 M formic acid in acetonitrile. The critical method parameters, including mobile phase pH, column temperature, and flow rate, were optimized using the design of experiments. Statistical analysis revealed the impact of these parameters on critical quality attributes. Perturbation and response surface plots illustrated the individual and interactive effects of the parameters. The optimal parameter levels were determined to be pH, 2.5; column temperature, 28°C; and flow rate, 0.55 mL/min. Confirmation experiments demonstrated the method's robustness, with the separation of impurities and unknown degradation products within a 5‐min runtime. The optimized ultra‐performance liquid chromatography method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The method exhibited linear response within the range of 0.025–100 μg/mL for ibrutinib and 0.0187–0.225 μg/mL for impurities (r2 > 0.9995), with limits of detection/limits of quantification of 0.01/0.025 and 0.015/0.0187 for ibrutinib and four impurities, respectively. Recoveries for the drug and impurities ranged from 92.69 to 102.7%, and precision was below 2% and 8% relative standard deviation for ibrutinib and impurities, respectively.
Fostering sustainable tourism in Pakistan: Exploring the influence of environmental leadership on employees' green behavior
Authors: Ashraf Sadia , Ali Sania Zaheer , Khan Tariq Iqbal , Azam Kamran , Afridi Sajjad Ahmad
Published: December 2023

This study addresses a critical gap in the theory by exploring the impact of Environmentally Specific Servant Leadership (ESSL) on Employees' Voluntary Green Behavior (EVGB) within the dynamic framework of Pakistan's tourism industry. It also advances understanding by investigating the pivotal mediating roles of Psychological Green Climate (PGC) and Green Commitment (GC) in the relationship between ESSL and EVGB. Drawing upon the principles of Self‐Determination Theory (SDT) and Social Identity theory (SIT) we designed the research framework and collected data from employees working in various firms in Pakistan's tourism sector. We employed a multistage (phase I‐convenience; phase II purposive) sampling technique to gather data from 492 employees representing various small and medium‐sized Hotels, Restaurants, and Catering firms within the hospitality and tourism sector. The collected data underwent validation and analysis using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in SPSS AMOS and was further examined through the Andrew Hayes Process Macro model 4. The findings reveal a significant role of ESSL in fostering EVGB. Furthermore, our findings highlighted the significant mediating roles of PGC and GC in the relationship between ESSL‐EVGB. These findings underscore the potential effectiveness of promoting environmental sustainability as a means to encourage environmentally responsible behavior among individuals working in the tourism sector. The implications of our findings are particularly noteworthy for the tourism and hospitality sector. Companies in such industry can leverage ESSL as a valuable tool for inspiring green behavior in their staff, emphasizing both environmental responsibility and service to others as key drivers of environmentally friendly actions.
Revisiting the elaboration likelihood model in the context of a virtual influencer: A comparison between high‐ and low‐involvement products
Authors: Park Sungjun (Steven) , Wei Xiao , Lee Heejung
Published: December 2023

While existing research on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) has primarily focused on human influencers, the literature on virtual influencers (also known as digital humans or AI influencers) remains limited. To address this research gap, this study investigates the factors influencing consumer attitudes toward ads promoted by virtual influencers. Extending the ELM framework, we examine perceived expertise and attractiveness as antecedents, and explore consumer online‐to‐offline dynamics as consequences. Using a multigroup structural equation model, the study compares high‐ and low‐involvement product ads by analyzing questionnaires (n = 406). A novelty lies in our findings that, contrary to existing ELM research, perceived attractiveness significantly influences attitudes toward the ads across both high‐ and low‐involvement levels. We attribute this result to a shift of consumer attention towards virtual influencers, driven by their attention‐grabbing aesthetic appeals. Our study extends the ELM framework and contributes to the literature on digital marketing, advertising, and human‐computer interaction.
Exploring the Antiproliferative Potency of Pyrido[2,3‐d]Pyrimidine Derivatives: Studies on Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Evaluation, SAR, Docking, and DFT Calculations
Authors: Abd‐Alsalam Eman , Hafez Hend N. , Assay Mohamed G. , Ali Ali Khalil , El‐Farargy Ahmed F. , Abbass Eslam M.
Published: December 2023

Herein, an efficient method for the synthesis of a new series of pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives has been adopted through the reaction of hydrazinyl pyrido[2,3‐d] pyrimidine derivative (1) with different electrophilic species, such as ethyl cyanoacetate and different 1,3 diketone derivatives, gave the corresponding derivatives (2–5). Meanwhile, pyrido[2,3‐d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidines (6–11) were synthesized via reaction of hydrazine derivative 1 with phenylisothiocyanate, potassium thiocyanate, and carbon disulfide. Compound 1 was also submitted to react with different carbonyl compounds to afford pyrido‐pyrimidine derivatives (12–15). All the newly synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their antiproliferative activities against HCT‐116 and MCF‐7 cell lines. Compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8 displayed very strong inhibitory activity against the two cell lines compared with the standard drug doxorubicin. Furthermore, a docking study of the most active compounds was performed with the thymidylate synthase enzyme (PDB: Code 6qxg). Moreover, DFT calculation was carried out for the most biologically active compounds and a reference drug (Doxorubicin) using the B3LYP/6‐31G+(d,p) level of theory. The calculated EHOMO and ELUMO energies were used to calculate the global reactivity parameters. Finally, Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and structure activity relationship (SAR) were studied to correlate the relation between chemical structure and reactivity.
Biotin‐Based Strategies to Explore the World of Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin‐Like Modifiers
Authors: Merino‐Cacho Laura , Barroso‐Gomila Orhi , Hernández‐Sánchez Sandra , Ramirez Juanma , Mayor Ugo , Sutherland James D. , Barrio Rosa
Published: December 2023

A complex code of cellular signals is mediated by ubiquitin and ubiquitin‐like (Ub/UbL) modifications on substrate proteins. The so‐called Ubiquitin Code specifies protein fates, such as stability, subcellular localization, functional activation or suppression, and interactions. Hundreds of enzymes are involved in placing and removing Ub/UbL on thousands of substrates, while the consequences of modifications and the mechanisms of specificity are still poorly defined. Challenges include rapid and transient engagement of enzymes and Ub/UbL interactors, low stoichiometry of modified versus non‐modified cellular substrates, and protease‐mediated loss of Ub/UbL in lysates. To decipher this complexity and confront the challenges, many tools have been created to trap and identify substrates and interactors linked to Ub/UbL modification. This review focuses on an assortment of biotin‐based tools developed for this purpose (for example BioUbLs, UbL‐ID, BioE3, BioID), taking advantage of the strong affinity of biotin‐streptavidin and the stringent lysis/washing approach allowed by it, paired with sensitive mass‐spectrometry‐based proteomic methods. Knowing how substrates change during development and disease, the consequences of substrate modification, and matching substrates to particular UbL‐ligating enzymes will contribute new insights into how Ub/UbL signaling works and how it can be exploited for therapies.
The contributing factors to suicide in Italian prisons: An 11‐year analysis (2010–2020)
Authors: Bailo Paolo , Gibelli Filippo , Celletti Asaea , Caraffa Anna , Sirignano Ascanio , Ricci Giovanna
Published: December 2023

Background

Suicide is a leading cause of death globally, with approximately 800,000 deaths annually and accounting for 1.5% of all deaths. Risk factors are multifaceted, encompassing individual factors (such as genetics, family history and mental illnesses) and environmental factors (such as economic conditions, social support and life events). In prisons, suicide rates are markedly higher than in the general population, particularly in Italy, where the prisoner suicide rate is approximately 20 times that of the non‐incarcerated population. There is, however, little research on suicide in Italian prisons.

Aims

To analyse the characteristics of all people who died by suicide in Italian prisons between 2010 and 2020.

Methods

We carried out a records‐based cohort study analysing official data from the Italian Ministry of Justice on prison suicides between 2010 and 2020. The data were cross‐referenced and, when required, supplemented with information from Ristretti Orizzonti, a journal specialising in health and living conditions in prisons, as well as from the website of ISTAT (Italian National Statistical Institute), newspapers, radio broadcasts and news agencies.

Results

Factors associated with an increased risk of suicide in prisons were nighttime periods, the months of June, July and October, a relatively brief duration of detention (<6 months), having been convicted of murder, male gender, being about 40 years old, having access to hanging materials and being interned (i.e. subjected to the execution of custodial security measures) or awaiting trial. Prison overcrowding was not a risk factor for suicide.

Conclusion

Our findings hold substantial implications for suicide prevention in Italian prisons as they suggest both characteristics of individuals and characteristics of the institutions that could be taken as risk indicators. This knowledge can inform the development of targeted interventions to manage both individual and environmental factors better, leading to improved prison conditions and reduced suicide rates. Furthermore, our research establishes a foundation for more systematic and in‐depth investigations that could further improve suicide prevention strategies in Italian prisons, ultimately influencing policy changes in both practice and research, including perhaps establishing a national database on every completed suicide in prisons.
Bleeding and thrombotic risk of different antiplatelet regimens posttranscatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair in patients with an indication for oral anticoagulation: Results from an all‐comers national registry
Authors: Claeys Marc J. , Aminian Adel , Bartunek Jozef , Bennett Johan , Buysschaert Ian , Claeys Mathias , De Bock Dina , Delodder Lies , Debonnaire Philippe , Dewilde Willem , Ferdinande Bert , Geerinck Stéphanie , Goetschalckx Kaatje , Lambrechts Olivier , Lochy Stijn , Paelinck Bernard P. , Rosseel Liesbeth , Stroobants Didier , Vanderheyden Marc , Van der Heyden Jan , Verbrugghe Peter , Verheye Stefan , Dubois Christophe
Published: December 2023

Background

Evidence‐based recommendations for antithrombotic treatment in patients who have an indication for oral anticoagulation (OAC) after transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair (TEER) are lacking.

Aims

To compare bleeding and thrombotic risk for different antithrombotic regimens post‐TEER with MitraClip in an unselected population with the need for OACs.

Methods

Bleeding and thrombotic complications (stroke and myocardial infarction) up to 3 months after TEER with mitraclip were evaluated in 322 consecutive pts with an indication for OACs. These endpoints were defined by the Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium criteria and were compared between two antithrombotic regimens: single antithrombotic therapy with OAC (single ATT) and double/triple ATT with a combination of OAC and aspirin and/or clopidogrel (combined ATT).

Results

Collectively, 108 (34%) patients received single ATT, 203 (63%) received double ATT and 11 (3%) received triple ATT. Bleeding events occurred in 67 patients (20.9%), with access site related events being the most frequent cause (37%). Bleeding complications were observed more frequently in the combined ATT group than in the single ATT group: 24% versus 14% [p = 0.03, adjusted RR: 0.55 (0.3–0.98)]. Within the combined group, the bleeding risk was 23% in the double ATT and 45% in the triple ATT group. Thrombotic complications occurred in only three patients (0.9%), and all belonged to the combined ATT group.

Conclusions

In patients with an indication for OACs, withholding of antiplatelet therapy post‐TEER with Mitraclip was associated with a 45% reduction in bleeding and without a signal of increased thrombotic risk.
Design and Synthesis of Heterogeneous Frustrated Lewis Pairs for Hydrogenation: From Molecular Immobilization to Defects Engineering
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , Wang Min , Ji Min
Published: December 2023

The concept of “Frustrated Lewis pairs” (FLPs), which emerged from the discovery that H2 can be reversibly activated by combinations of sterically encumbered Lewis acids and bases. Since then, the field of FLP chemistry has expanded enormously. One of the most remarkable achievements is the development of FLP catalysts for hydrogenation, which are environmentally friendly and have potential industrial application prospects. In recent years, this unique catalysis concept has pushed the study of FLP chemistry to a new direction: heterogeneous FLP catalysts. This review outlines the recent research progress of new strategies to design and synthesize heterogeneous FLPs for hydrogenation reaction, and prospects the development of novel heterogeneous FLP catalysts.
Effect of ore quality on non‐aqueous oil sand extraction performance
Authors: Tamayo Carolina , Baydak Elaine N. , Yarranton Harvey W.
Published: December 2023

Current commercial aqueous based extraction processes are energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) intensive and require large tailings ponds. Non‐aqueous extraction (NAE) of bitumen from mineable oil sands is an alternative that eliminates tailings ponds with potentially lower energy requirements and GHG emissions. The economics of the NAE process depend partly on the impact of ore quality on bitumen recovery and product quality (low water and solids content). It has been claimed that NAE performance is insensitive to the quality (bitumen content) of the oil sand ores. However, the available data are ambiguous because different extraction methods and solvents were used in different studies and, in many cases, a limited range of ore qualities was examined. In this study, bitumen was extracted from eight ores of different quality with cyclohexane using a multistage method equivalent to a countercurrent process with a solvent/ore ratio of 0.67 w/w. The bitumen recovery and the water and solids content of the product bitumen were determined for each ore. It was found that bitumen recovery correlated negatively to clay content of the ore. The loss of recovery was attributed to bitumen adsorption on clays. The product quality was insensitive to the ore quality and instead depended on the density of the fluid medium, as expected with a centrifuge‐based separation method. The recovery and product quality from the NAE method were similar to those from aqueous extractions.
Polyaspers A and B, the First Ergosterol‐Polyether Adducts with Unprecedented 6/6/6/5/5/6/6/6/6 Nonacyclic Architecture from Aspergillus sp. TJ507
Authors: Hu Hong , Li Lanqin , Shi Zhengyi , Lan Xueqi , Zhang Yeting , Huang Xinye , Hao Xincai , Zhou Qun , Sun Weiguang , Qi Changxing , Zhang Yonghui
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Psoriasis is a chronic immune‐mediated inflammatory skin disease and the TNF‐α is an important therapeutic target of this disease. In our continuous study of bioactive natural products from fungi, the first ergosterol‐polyether adducts, polyaspers A (1) and B (2), along with two known ergosterols, (3β,5α,6α,22E)‐5,6‐epoxy‐3‐hydroxyergosta‐8,22‐dien‐7‐one (3) and calvasterol B (4), were isolated from Aspergillus sp. TJ507. Structure elucidation was accomplished by extensive spectroscopic analysis and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction tests. Polyaspers A and B possessing an unequalled 6/6/6/5/5/6/6/6/6 nonacyclic system, and their biosynthetic pathways were proposed to include intermolecular cyclization and Diels‐Alder reactions. Activity screen of these isolates showed that 1—3 could improve the cell viability in an actinomycin D/TNF‐α induced L929 cells death model, with the EC50 values of 49.85, 46.75 and 4.99 μmol/L, respectively, and the activity of 3 was even comparable with that of the positive control SPD304. Further bioactive investigations discovered 3 could suppress the inflammatory response simulated with TNF‐α in HaCaT cells. In an imiquimod‐induced psoriasis murine model, 3 significantly restrained the development of psoriasis symptoms and reduced the expression of IL‐17 and IL‐23, presenting an anti‐psoriatic effect. As such, those ergosterol derivatives, might serve as lead compounds for the development of novel TNF‐α inhibitory agents in the clinical treatment of psoriasis.
Occupational health and safety regulatory interventions to improve the work environment: An evidence and gap map of effectiveness studies
Authors: Bondebjerg Anja , Filges Trine , Pejtersen Jan Hyld , Kildemoes Malene Wallach , Burr Hermann , Hasle Peter , Tompa Emile , Bengtsen Elizabeth
Published: December 2023

Background

Unsafe and unhealthy working conditions lead to injuries and financial losses across the globe, resulting in a need for research into effective work environment interventions.

Objectives

The objective of this evidence and gap map (EGM) is to provide an overview of existing systematic reviews and primary studies examining the effects of occupational health and safety regulatory interventions.

Search Methods

Relevant studies are identified through searches in published and unpublished literature performed up to January 2023.

Selection Criteria

The population for this EGM is workers above the age of 15 and their workplaces within the OECD. We include randomised controlled trials, non‐randomised studies with a comparison of two or more groups of participants, and systematic reviews of effects.

Data Collection and Analysis

The map has been populated based on information about interventions and outcomes, study design, OECD country, and publication status. We have performed critical appraisal of included systematic reviews using an adjusted version of the AMSTAR‐2 tool.

Main Results

The included studies for this report consist of six systematic reviews, 28 primary effect studies, and three on‐going studies. The interactive map shows that the largest cluster of studies is located in the inspection activity domain, while the sickness absence outcome domain and the intervention categories for training initiatives and formulation of regulatory standards are only scarcely populated. Additionally, the AMSTAR‐appraisal suggests a lack of rigorous systematic reviews and meta‐analyses.

Authors’ Conclusions

More research in the form of primary studies and rigorous systematic reviews is needed to provide stakeholders with better guidance as to what constitutes the most efficient regulatory approaches to improve the work environment.
Shape‐Editable Transparent Wood Based on In‐Situ Polymerization of Epoxy Vitrimers Embedded with Luminescent BODIPY Molecules for Smart Decoration Materials
Authors: Wu Tiantian , Xu Yaning , Cui Ziwei , Wang Kaili , Kang Lixing , Cai Yahui , Li Jianzhang , Liu Zhipeng , Tian Dan
Published: December 2023

Transparent wood (TW) combining unique anisotropic structure has broad application prospects in the field of advanced building furniture materials. Many efforts have been made to add quantum dots or nanoparticles to TW to endow it with additional functionality, such as luminescent, electrochromic, and thermochromic TW. However, luminous TW with shape‐editable functionality and its new applications have yet to be explored. Benefiting from the excellent luminescence performance in a diluted solution state, BODIPY (4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diazas‐indacene) dyes have been widely used for bio‐sensing and bioimaging. In addition, vitrimers exhibit excellent stimuli‐responsive, shape‐memory, and reprocessing properties thanks to exchangeable dynamic covalent crosslinking networks, which are suitable for fabricating smart TW. Herein, combing these advantages, a dual‐functional transparent wood composite (P‐SEFTW) with photoluminescent and shape editable function was developed by introducing BODIPY dyes and vitrimers into the delignified wood (DW) templates. P‐SEFTW displays good UV luminescence, unique light guiding and directional scattering effects. Meanwhile, it shows excellent shape‐recovery, shape‐programming, shape‐erasing, and re‐programming capability under thermal‐stimulus. These characteristics enable TW to exhibit great prospect as an advanced smart and functional building material.
Applying sustainable development goals in financial forecasting using machine learning techniques
Authors: Chang Ariana , Lee Tian‐Shyug , Lee Hsiu‐Mei
Published: December 2023

This study seeks to identify the impact of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in predicting corporate financial performance (CFP) in the information communications technology (ICT) industry. Data over the period of 2016–2020 that are relevant to financial reporting and corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting have been extracted for 208 firms in the ICT industry. Important variables have been identified to help predict the financial performance in the following years upon the publication of CSR reports. Drawing on resource‐based view and stakeholder theory, the purpose of this study is to find the quintessential variables that influence the prediction accuracy of financial performance. To better forecast earnings per share (EPS), machine learning feature selection methods have been implemented. The findings suggest that certain variables such as return on total assets, SDGs adoption and whether the firm has established KPI for SDGs achievements can help enhance EPS prediction. With the various predictive models, the artificial neural network model is the most effective in predicting CFPs. Most importantly, the adoption of SDGs can be utilized to sharpen the forecast on financial performance as it enables firms to bolster stakeholder engagement and evaluate environmental, social, and corporate governance efforts.
Listening to parents caring for individuals with eating disorders through the lens of the common‐sense model of illness perception
Authors: Treasure Janet , Livanou Maria
Published: December 2023

Marchetti and Sawrikar (International Journal of Eating Disorders, 2023) used the framework of the Common‐Sense Model of the Self‐Regulation to explore the perceptions and experiences of parents caring for individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) from a systematic review of the literature. The studies they reviewed delved into the subjective experiences of parents and considered the influence of emotional and cognitive representations of AN which were predominantly negative. Parents play a key role in all stages of the management of an eating disorder and so our commentary sets the findings into the wider context of eating disorder services. It is important that we continue to forge a collaborative approach with parents that addresses their needs and insights to improve our knowledge about, and services for people with eating disorders.