bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENERAPAN GREEN ACCOUNTING PADA KINERJA KEUANGAN PT UNILEVER INDONESIA TBK
Authors: Sukmono Sigit , Kuncara Tommy , Ayanto Hana Kamilia
Published: January 2023

This research was written with the aim of analyzing the application of Green Accounting at PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. The background of this writing is because the author wants to analyze green accounting or Green Accounting at the company PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk, whether the implementation is good or not. The method used in this study is the Document Study method. The results of this study indicate that PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk has implemented Green Accounting very well and is also committed to implementing Green Accounting every year. The costs incurred by PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk in implementing Green Accounting in 2019 – 2021 amount to IDR 284,842,399,000. In implementing Green Accounting, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk only focuses on 4 aspects namely; Economic Aspect, Environmental Aspect, Social Aspect, Health Aspect. On the economic aspect, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk one of which is training and development for its employees. On the environmental aspect, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk's sustainable activities that are always carried out annually are waste banks. On the social aspect, PT Unilever Tbk carries out cleaning activities and other social activities. In the health aspect, PT Unilever Indonesia provides health education services to the community.
Comment and reply: Why are the current planning application procedures not working in the UK?
Authors: Vaughan Chris , Jolly Colin
Published: January 2023

Chris Vaughan raises a number of objections to a Viewpoint by Colin Jolly published in April, and the two debate UK planning and building control procedures.
Inventivitas Pengrajin Rencong Suevenir dalam Mewujudkan Gampong Wirausaha
Authors: Ali Masri , Machmud M. Nizar , Iskandar  , Akhyar  , Husni  , Putra T. Edisah , Thalib Sulaiman , Ibrahim Masri
Published: January 2023

In Aceh Besar, Suka Makmur and Lam Phueot villages, lotus root souvenir manufacturing faces several obstacles such as inadequate marketing strategies and lack of skill in the process. Therefore, this initiative seeks to provide partners with production-related solutions by integrating technology with Rencong souvenir molds. The implementation team also performs socialization and consulting related to internet marketing of products to increase market access and outreach. Program objectives were achieved using the Participatory Rural Assessment Act (PRA). From this initiative, his Mitra Pak Majid of Rencong Souvenir Crafts was able to provide capital support in the form of a bulk casting business.
Fracturación hidráulica y comunidades autónomas: a propósito de dos proposiciones de ley presentadas en Andalucía
Authors: Sández Arana Juan Diego
Published: January 2023

En los últimos años, el empleo de la técnica de la fracturación hidráulica –en inglés, fracking– para la explotación de hidrocarburos no convencionales ha generado largos e intensos debates en el seno de foros nacionales e internacionales. Su éxito en Estados Unidos ha ido unido a la discusión sobre sus consecuencias económicas y geopolíticas. No obstante, las mayores preocupaciones para instituciones, gobiernos y ciudadanía han sido creadas por sus posibles repercusiones medioambientales.

En España, el Gobierno central tiene una visión positiva hacia la fracturación hidráulica, pero algunas Comunidades Autónomas han publicado leyes con el objeto de prohibirla en su territorio, aunque algunas de estas normas ya han sido declaradas inconstitucionales por el Tribunal Constitucional. En la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, además, fueron admitidas a trámite dos proposiciones de ley sobre fracking, cuyo contenido es analizado en el presente artículo.
Revisión de la compatibilidad de los acuerdos medioambientales privados con el derecho de la competencia de la UE. ¿Cómo cuadrar el círculo?
Authors: de Sadeleer Nicolas
Published: January 2023

La presión sobre el medio ambiente es cada vez mayor. De hecho, a pesar de los esfuerzos por regular el impacto medioambiental que se han llevado a cabo desde Europa Occidental en los últimos 40 años, la degradación del medio ambiente es cada vez mayor. El hecho de que la legislación pública resultara insuficiente a la hora de frenar la degradación medioambiental obligó a la Comisión Europea y a las autoridades nacionales a proponer insistentemente la firma de acuerdos voluntarios. El fin de estos acuerdos es facilitar que las empresas alcancen una serie de objetivos de protección medioambiental dejando a un lado el tradicional enfoque legislativo. A pesar de que las políticas en materia de competencia y de medio ambiente se han desarrollado hasta la fecha de forma perfectamente independiente, las interacciones entre ambas se han incrementado de forma significativa en los últimos tiempos, pudiendo llegar a ser objeto de conflictos legales. De hecho, si se tiene en cuenta que algunos de estos acuerdos pueden llegar a restringir la competencia, estos plantean la posibilidad de entrar en conflicto con el derecho de competencia. En una publicación reciente sobre legislación medioambiental y mercado interior en la UE (Oxford, OUP, 2014) he analizado los diferentes conflictos que se plantean entre las medidas en materia de medio ambiente a nivel nacional, la conducta de las empresas en este ámbito, y el derecho de la competencia de la EU. Así, analicé hasta qué punto se han tenido en cuenta las consideraciones en materia de protección medioambiental en el derecho de competencia de la UE, y en qué medida una política económica tradicional puede llegar a frustrar la posibilidad de una mayor integración. Este artículo plantea una reflexión sobre el creciente impacto del derecho de la competencia en los aspectos relacionados con el medio ambiente.
Nuevo régimen de los traslados de residuos en el interior del Estado: análisis de las principales cuestiones
Authors: Serrano Paredes Olga
Published: January 2023

Recientemente, en desarrollo de la Ley 22/2011, de 28 de julio, de Residuos y Suelos Contaminados se ha aprobado el Real Decreto 180/2015, de 13 de marzo, por el que se regula el traslado de residuos en el interior del territorio del Estado, que incluye distintas novedades con respecto al régimen anterior (concepto de operador, causas de oposición a los traslados de residuos, etc.) El presente artículo analiza dichas modificaciones así como sus potenciales problemas de aplicación intentando aportar, a través del estudio de la normativa y la jurisprudencia existentes, criterios para su correcta interpretación y aplicación.
La valoración del bien ambiental como elemento del dictamen pericial en el delito contra el medio ambiente y la ordenación del territorio
Authors: Abbad Teodoro , Gutiérrez Germán
Published: January 2023

Se plantean las necesidades de una metodología clara y objetiva, de alcance completo, para la valoración dineraria de las afecciones ambientales constitutivas de delito. Se pasa revista a los diferentes métodos de valoración ambiental actual reflejando el carácter parcial o incompleto de la valoración, mostrando su insuficiencia en el dictamen pericial a instancia de juez o fiscal.
Restauración de terrenos forestales incendiados: avances y retrocesos
Authors: Ruiz Pérez Adrián
Published: January 2023

El grave problema de los incendios forestales en España, ha supuesto que en los últimos años se hayan producido cambios normativos, tanto a nivel estatal como autonómico, dirigidos a la protección del medio ambiente. En este sentido, las distintas normas han tratado la posible restauración de aquellos terrenos forestales que han sufrido un incendio, elevando o disminuyendo los niveles de protección según las circunstancias ambientales, sociales e incluso políticas del momento. Este artículo, analiza la evolución de dichas modificaciones y los problemas que se han planteado mediante el estudio de la normativa y la jurisprudencia más destacada al respecto.
The role of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty for shared water management
Authors: Passos Gomes Viviane , Delgado Piqueras Francisco
Published: January 2023

This study aims to highlight the important role of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty – ACT for the management of the Amazon shared river basin. There are challenges in the organizational and operational structure that need to be address. This article also focus on the major historical milestones during the 35 years of the treaty, which represent a breakthrough for shared water management in the region. In the last part, the rules and principles of internal and international law applicable to the ACT countries are analyzed. It concludes that, on one hand, it is important updating the internal laws of water management in the Amazon countries, and on the other, it is also important the adaptation to general principals of international law, and more specifically, to integrated and participatory principles in the field of shared river basins management is also essential to guide the economic, social and environmental development of the Amazon region.
FALSIFIKOVANJE I ZLOUPOTREBA BEZGOTOVINSKIH INSTRUMENATA PLAĆANJA I EVROPSKI STANDARDI
Authors: Pavlović Zoran
Published: January 2023

General social digitization and dynamic lifestyle changes, with the increasing use and spread of “smart” phones, with many different contents they offer, lead to the emergence of new relationships between banks, buyers and sellers, which relate to modern business with payment cards. Payments are made, regardless of whether it is a traditional or online business, and modern banking is constantly searching for the most optimal way of payment with the use of new technological and communication solutions. Payment card transactions are a frequent target for the commission of criminal acts, which is not only a challenge for the legislator to set up a legal framework for protection, but also for detection authorities and jurisprudence. The European standards that are being formulated try to respond to these challenges, which also requires implementation into domestic legislation. Directive 2019/713/EU of the European Parliament and the Council on the fight against fraud and counterfeiting in connection with cashless means of payment precisely provides the basis for the protection of cashless payment instruments, in accordance with the requirements set in connection with payments today and the criminal law reaction in domestic legislation.
DIGITAL EVIDENCE AND PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA: SOCIOLOGICAL AND LAW ASPECT
Authors: Vuković Ana
Published: January 2023

In the era of digitalization, which began in a rudimentary form since the first photograph appeared, the privacy of the individual was transformed from a right to a social privilege. By switching to digitalization of data, instead of memory and written forms, individuals have accepted the change of the right to privacy as one of the basic freedoms in the corpus of human rights. The author points out that in the process of digitalization the change of public / private axis in the use and protection of personal data at the individual level leads to an imaginary sense of universal control through the real consequence of loss of privacy. Sociological and legal aspect of the paper will include an analysis of the process and relationship among digital evidence and protection of personal data. In the conclusion of the paper the author will give an overview of consequences of the use of digital evidence on the right to privacy.
DIGITALIZATION IN GERMAN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS AND ACCOMPANYING FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS ASPECTS
Authors: Dauster Manfred , Kreutz Julia Aileen
Published: January 2023

Digitalization is also increasingly reaching the field of criminal procedure law. This contribution studies the handling of digitalization in the German Code of Criminal Procedure. The focus lies on the recent legal amendments, particularly regarding electronic file management and electronic file transfer between courts and law enforcement authorities. However, the article also covers the examination of the effectiveness of the long-established and largely unchanged procedural rules and maxims of German criminal procedure in the context of digitalization and digital evidence. The article questions if and how the digitalization of criminal procedural law is compatible with German fundamental rights, proving that many investigative measures, when applied to digital evidence, can easily violate fundamental rights, and that the digitalization of criminal court proceedings may not be exclusively beneficial. Considering the dangers to fundamental rights, it calls for a responsible and considerate approach to digitalization and proves that more digitalization-related amendments are required to protect the rights of the persons involved in digitalized criminal proceedings, particularly those of the accused or the defendant.
KRIVIČNA PRAVDA U ERI VEŠTAČKE INTELIGENCIJE
Authors: Nenadić Svetlana , Miljuš Ivana
Published: January 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI), as an extension of the digital transformation of society, is becoming an integral part of criminal justice. The paper analyzes the use of AI in criminal law, as well as the risks that its use poses for criminal law. AI is not only a simple tool of criminal justice but also a path to the transformation of criminal law. The first part of the paper analyze the concept of AI and its influence in the world of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the way of detection of criminal acts, prevention and assessment of the degree of risk of recidivism. As AI is prone to prejudice (AI bias), algorithms of “predictive justice” software can have a discriminatory effect, which needs to be identified. It is essential that algorithms are subject to independent and thorough review of whether there is bias in the data generated by the criminal justice system. In the judicial systems of technologically developed countries, AI also acquires the function of helping the judge to perform the judicial work faster and more efficiently. The application of “machine learning” technology to automatically generate judgments for judges leads to numerous risks, especially highlighted in criminal cases. Questions are raised about the reshaping of the role of the judge, and the right to be informed about the logic of decision-making and to challenge the scientific validity of the algorithm, which is an element of the principle of equality of arms. AI has the character of autonomy, so the question inevitably arises whether there is criminal responsibility for artificial intelligence, to what extent and in what way, and whether it is necessary to create new forms of responsibility and new subjects of responsibility in criminal law? In the sphere of substantive criminal law, theoretical considerations point to the potential regulation of the responsibility of producers, developers and users for actions taken by the AI.
Comparison of Syzygium Aromaticum (clove) and Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) extracts with 2% chlorhexidine in dentinal tubule disinfection against faecalis by using real-time PCR: an in-vitro study.
Authors: Meghana S.B. , Nagaveni N.B , Poornima T.P
Published: January 2023

Background: A vital and significant goal in treating a tooth with an apical infection is getting rid of the germs in the pulp space. Recurrent root canal infections are most frequently linked to Enterococcus faecalis and can happen even after endodontic therapy. E. faecalis can resist routine endodontic disinfectants and can also survive the nutrient-deprived conditions in the root filled tooth. So, an attempt has been made to eliminate the microorganisms using the herbal extracts which have antimicrobial properties and comparing it with the well accepted and excellent antimicrobial agent 2% chlorhexidine.
Aim: To compare Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) extracts with 2% chlorhexidine in dentinal tubule disinfection with Real-time polymerase chain reaction which was used to detect E. faecalis.
Methods: Thirty-six extracted premolar teeth were selected, access cavity was prepared and cleaning and shaping was done. With the help of a rotating diamond disc bur, the middle part of the root was sliced. E. faecalis was applied to the tooth specimens and left on them for 21 days. Group 1 specimens had pomegranate extract, Group 2 contained clove extract, and Group 3 contained 2% CHX. After being watered by the corresponding groups, the specimens were incubated for 5 days. A Gates-Glidden drill was used to collect the dentinal shavings, which were then subjected to DNA isolation before being subjected to real-time PCR analysis.
Statistical analysis used: The results were statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey's analysis.
Results: Threshold cycle (Ct) values showed greater inhibition of bacterial load with pomegranate extracts followed by 2% chlorhexidine. Lesser reduction of bacterial load was found with clove extract.
Conclusion: Pomegranate extract, an herbal extract with therapeutic potential which can be utilised as an efficient substitute for 2% CHX for treating E. fecalis.
 Keywords: Clove; Pomegranate; E. Fecalis; Real-time PCR.
Foreword
Authors: Vermonte Philips J. , Suryana A’an
Published: January 2023

Publishing in academic journals is an important endeavour in the academic world. Academic journals contribute immensely to the progress and accumulation of knowledge, as journals provide platforms for scholars to engage in the contestation of ideas that can spur innovation in their respective fields of study. Muslim Politics Review (MPR) is walking the path to that endeavour. Articles in this journal will reflect the unique contributions that they make in the field of political science and its sub-disciplines, such as comparative politics, public policy, political theory, and international relations. Contributions from other social sciences disciplines, including but not limited to sociology, history, anthropology, economics, and psychology, are also welcome, so long as they intersect with politics. It is important to underline this scope due to MPR’s position as a newly established academic journal focusing on politics.
Muslim Politics Between Sharia and Democracy
Authors: Kuru Ahmet T.
Published: January 2023

Out of 50 Muslim-majority countries around the world, only six are electoral democracies. This problem has multiple material and ideational causes. This essay focuses on one ideational factor: the dominant method of Islamic law. The essay explains how this method became dominant after the eleventh century and why it causes the incompatibility between sharia (Islamic law) and democracy. The essay suggests further research to be published in Muslim Politics Review and other journals about how to develop alternative Islamic legal methods, which would be open to rationalism and empirical observations.
Behavioural Approaches to Muslim Politics: The State of the Art
Authors: Mujani Saiful
Published: January 2023

The behavioural approach to Muslim politics in academic literature is a recent development. The approach emerged only in the early twenty-first century, largely as most Muslim-majority nations have been autocracies constraining the freedom of speech required to study political attitudes and behaviour. Many behaviourally driven studies have examined dimensions of Islam as predictors of political attitudes and behaviorr. These include religious affiliation, religiosity, and religious political orientation. While democracy is rare in Muslim majority nations, at the individual level, Muslim religious affiliation and religiosity only partially predict political attitudes and behaviour. Taking an expansive measure of Islamism or Islamic ideology helps us understand this, as it potentially predicts the absence of liberal democracy in Muslim countries. To do this successfully, however, more realistic external validity is required. Scholars still often define and measure Islamism differently, therefore a more standardised measure is required for comparative study.
Exploring the Social-Political Nexus in Islam: A Comparison of the Middle East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Fealy Greg
Published: January 2023

One of the fulcrums of change in political Islam is the relationship between traditional patterns of Islamic politics, which focus upon the pursuit and wielding of formal power, particularly with the aim of enacting of shari’a law, and the more recent emergence of dynamic social spheres of Islamic activism, which emphasise values and moral order and operate with considerable autonomy from Islamic parties. This article explores the nature of the interactions between political and social activism and identifies the ways in which more established form of political Islam are changing as a result of pressure from the social realm.  It compares case studies from the Middle East and Southeast Asia, paying particular attention to Muslim Brotherhood and Salafist expressions of social and political activism in both regions.  It argues that burgeoning pietistic social activism presents both challenges and opportunities to Islamic political actors, and that failure to engage with these new forces will lead to further marginalisation and the risk of declining relevance.
On the Concept of Umma in World Politics
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: January 2023

Islam Beyond Borders: The Umma in World Politics. James Piscatori & Amin Saikal. Cambridge University Press (2019)The concept of the Umma is elusive, with a wide array of meanings and interpretations. It is used differently by various circles within the Muslim community and states. To date, most Muslims comprehend Umma scripturally as a bond among Muslims everywhere, both majority and minority, with which the two entities are united by Islamic law. Furthermore, most traditional Muslims interpret the concept of Umma more spiritually as a type of family in the faith. Although departing from the doctrine of the Qur’an, the concept of the Umma has never been singular. Whereas the network of trust has driven the goal of ‘one community’ of faith, some perceive the Umma as not requiring territory, while others see it as competition with the modern nation-state. These different interpretations even go so far as an extreme interpretation of the Umma in pan-Islamism which has been suspected by the West of being an attitude of hostility and aggressiveness towards non-Muslims. Despite the diversity of interpretations of the dominant concept of the Umma being scriptural and spiritual, it has not been widely studied from the political Islam paradigm. Therefore, a thick description of the concept will enrich the literature for Muslims exposed to globalisation and social change globally.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A RULE BASED AFAAN OROMOO CONVERSATIONAL CHATBOTS
Authors: WAYESA FIKADU
Published: January 2023

Chatbot technologies are very popular one in the field of NLP and AI to process basic expressions of interaction between humans (end users) and devices as Question Answering System (QAS).  They are used in many ranges like in industry to provide customer services based on their need to reach on their desires, transportation, health, entertainment, education, psychology to monitor human emotions and in many. Messaging service is a popular means of communication as text based messaging (SMS) or through messaging applications. Chatbots are virtual assistant technologies that are designed and developed based on the user’s query and to their language. The aim of this paper is to develop and implement a rule based conversational chatbot for Afaan Oromo Language. The approach gets a simple Afaan Oromoo query as input and retrieves answers from a set of predefined rules or responses. The performance of our model is evaluated through human judgment.
EXTENSION OF A FOREST-FIRE MODEL TO SIMULATE HOW COVID-19 VIRUS CAUSES OSCILLATORY POPULATION DYNAMICS
Authors: PARK JUNGHYUN
Published: January 2023

The global spread of infectious diseases and their associated social impacts have been proved to cause havoc to humans with the recent pandemic invasion of COVID-19. Understanding the spread pattern of COVID-19 and predicting the disease dynamics have been inevitable to support government in the public and private health fields in setting up strategies for alleviating the dire seriousness of the pandemic around the World. The spread of infectious disease and the resulting population dynamics could be modeled and simulated by extending the classic "forest-fire" model with an introduction of 3 model parameters of p, q, r that control the probability of infection, immunity, and spread. Then, by applying the mathematical model of damped harmonic oscillation from physics, the effect of these parameters on the amplitude and frequency of oscillations of an epidemic could be characterized. We concluded that this model could predict a wide range of behaviors including Covid-10 that could aid epidemiologists and policymakers. Further study might be required for practical application.
Polityka pronatalistyczna w świetle katolickiej nauki społeczne
Authors: Guzikowska Patrycja
Published: January 2023

Współczynnik dzietności niezapewniający prostej zastępowalności pokoleń stanowi problem dla krajów gospodarczo rozwiniętych. Rządy starają się rozwiązać problem niskiej dzietności poprzez wdrażanie różnych instrumentów polityki pronatalistycznej, której celem jest zachęcanie do posiadania dzieci. Polityka pronatalistyczna generuje jednak duże obciążenie dla budżetu, a mimo stosowania różnych instrumentów współczynnik dzietności trwale i satysfakcjonująco nie wzrasta w żadnym z krajów. Spojrzenie na politykę pronatalistyczną przez pryzmat ekonomii głównego nurtu mogłoby doprowadzić do przekonania, że nie powinna znajdować się ona w centrum zainteresowania polityków. Istnieje wiele innych obszarów gospodarki, w których można efektywniej alokować środki z budżetu państwa (np. edukacja czy ochrona zdrowia). Ocena zasadności polityki pronatalistycznej powinna więc wykraczać poza analizę na gruncie ekonomii głównego nurtu. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje ocenę zasadności prowadzenia polityki pronatalistycznej z perspektywy katolickiej myśli ekonomicznej (szerzej: katolickiej nauki społecznej). W tym celu w artykule przeanalizowane zostaną fragmenty wybranych publikacji trzech papieży – Jana Pawła II, Benedykta XVI oraz Franciszka, w których można znaleźć nawiązania do prowadzenia polityki społecznej, rodzinnej i pronatalistycznej. Elementem dopełniającym analizę jest uzasadnienie prowadzenia polityki pronatalistycznej w zasadach katolickiej nauki społecznej.
Miłość w antropologii biblijnej małżeństwa i rodziny według opisu dziejów stworzenia człowieka w nauczaniu papieża Franciszka
Authors: Woźniak Jakub J. , Śledziewski Sławomir
Published: January 2023

Zadaniem artykułu jest ukazanie, na podstawie nauczania papieża Franciszka, że początku instytucji małżeństwa, w jej wymiarze antropologicznym, należy poszukiwać w Piśmie Świętym. Opis stworzenia mężczyzny i kobiety inicjuje proces tworzenia instytucji małżeństwa i rodziny w oparciu o antropologiczną podstawę, którą jest miłość, jako odbicie wzajemnych relacji istniejących pomiędzy Osobami Trójcy Świętej. W dzisiejszych czasach, kiedy rodzina jest tak bardzo atakowana, należy powrócić do jej fundamentów, którą jest miłość. Jest ona najważniejszym przymiotem Boga, a jej odkrywanie prowadzi do prawdziwego, wspólnotowego przeżywania życia małżeńskiego i rodzinnego w pełnej jedności z Bogiem oraz z drugim człowiekiem.
Daya Tetas Telur Hasil Persilangan Ayam Bangkok dan Ayam Ras Petelur (Isa brown) Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Sebagai Bahan Sanitasi
Authors: Nadira Wa Ode Aprili sapta , Rusdin Muh , Napirah Astriana , Has Hamdan
Published: January 2023

Abstrak. Using betel leaf extract as a sanitizer, this study aims to examine the hatchability of eggs resulting from crosses between Bangkok chickens and laying hens. This study used a randomized design with four treatments and five replications. There are five eggs in each repetition. The treatments tried were soaking eggs in 70% ethanol (P0), 5% betel leaf extract (P1), 10% betel leaf extract (P2), and 15% betel leaf extract separately (P3). in this study were organisms that had not yet developed practicality, mortality and hatchability. Analysis of variance using to tabulate and analyzed the data obtained. The Least Significant Difference Test using to continue the evaluation if the treatment has a significant effect on the variables studied. The mean embryo survival rates were 88% (P0), 91% (P1), 84% (P2), and 58% (P3), according to the findings. In each treatment, the average mortality rate was 12% (P0), 9% (P1), 16% (P2), and 42% (P3). hatchability was 56% (P0), 79.% (P1), 63% (P2), and 42% (P3). The use of betel leaf extract with different concentrations as egg cleaner from crosses between Bangkok and laying hens had a significant impact on embryo survival and mortality, but not on hatchability. The use of 5% betel leaf extract as a cleansing agent for hatching eggs showed that the embryos lived longer and died less frequently.
Karakteristik Bentuk Kepala dan Tanduk Sapi Bali di Padang Pengembalaan Alam Kecamatan Kabaena Tengah Kabupaten Bombana
Authors: Yamin Iqrahmawati Halman , Nafiu La Ode , Aka Rahim
Published: January 2023

Umumnya sapi potong yang dipelihara di Kabupaten Bombana khususnya Kecamatan Kabaena Tengah adalah sapi Bali dipelihara secara ekstensif dan dibiarkan merumput pada penggembalaan alam secara bebas sepanjang hari. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengidentiikasi bentuk kepala dan tanduk sapi Bali di Kecamatan Kabaena Tengah Kabupaten Bombana. Sampel penelitian adalah sapi Bali yang dipelihara di Desa Enano, Lengora Induk, Lengora Selatan dan Manuru sebanyak 230 ekor (48 ekor jantan dengan kisaran umur 6-30 bulan dan 182 ekor betina kisaran umur 5 bulan-15 tahun). Penentuan lokasi secara purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sapi Bali di Kecamatan Kabaena Tengah Kabupaten Bombana adalah bentuk kepala jantan dominan lebar (87,5%) dan betina dominan panjang (100%), bentuk tanduk jantan dominan tanduk silak bajeg (54,16%) dan betina tanduk silak manggulgangsa (34,62%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk kepala dan tanduk sapi Bali di Kecamatan Kabaena Tengah Kabupaten Bombana sangat bervariasi.
Evaluasi Kapasitas Tampung Padang Penggembalaan PT. Cakra Bombana Sejahtera Site Lababu di Kabupaten Bombana
Authors: Harminto Ardi , Kurniawan Widhi , Aka Rahim
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kapasitas tampung padang penggembalaan PT. Cakra Bombana Sejahtera Site Lababu Kabupaten Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, pengukuran dan pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan. Pengukuran produksi hijauan menggunakan kuadran ukuran 1 meter x 1 meter. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi dan dihitung untuk mendapatkan rata-rata produksi hijauan segar, rata-rata produksi bahan kering dan kapasitas tampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa padang penggembalaan PT. Cakra Bombana Sejahtera Site Lababu Kabupaten Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara memiliki rata-rata produksi hijauan segar sebesar 2.413 kg/ha, rata-rata produksi bahan kering hijauan 1.467 kg/ha dan memiliki kapasitas tampung yaitu 0,7 ST/ha/tahun. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah padang penggembalaan PT. Cakra Bombana Sejahtera Site Lababu Kabupaten Bombana Sulawesi Tenggara didominasi oleh rumput Panicum decompositum dan Paspalum conjugatum dengan kapasitas tampung yang relatif rendah.Kata Kunci: Kapasitas Tampung, Padang Penggembalaan, Kabupaten Bombana.
Kadar Asam Urat, Kolesterol dan Glukosa Darah Ayam Kampung Super yang Diberi Jus Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia L)
Authors: Husnah Kiki Asmaul , Malesi La , Saili Takdir
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kadar asam urat, kolesterol, dan glukosa darah ayam kampung super yang diberi jus buah pare. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan 5 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu P0 = air minum tanpa penambahan jus buah pare (control), P1 = air minum yang mengandung 2,5 % jus buah pare, P2 = air minum yang mengandung 5 % jus buah pare, P3=air minum yang mengandung 7,5 % jus buah pare. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar asam urat, kolesterol dan glukosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar asam urat darah ayam kampung super berkisar antara 4,5 mg/dl – 9,23 mg/dl, kadar kolesterol darah ayam kampung super berkisar antara 161 mg/dl – 301 mg/dl, dan kadar glukosa darah ayam kampung super berkisar antara 146 mg/dl – 293 mg/dl. Pemberian jus buah pare dengan level berbeda tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kadar asam urat, kolesterol, glukosa dan darah ayam kampung super. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu pemberian jus buah pare (Momordica charantia L) dengan level yang berbeda tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kadar asam urat, kolesterol, glukosa dan darah ayam kampung super.Kata Kunci : Kadar Asam Urat, Kolesterol, dan Glukosa.
Pengaruh Marinasi Pasta Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) terhadap Kualitas Kimia Daging Ayam Petelur Afkir
Authors: Kartini Apriliana Dewi , Hafid Harapin , Napirah Astriana
Published: January 2023

Ayam petelur afkir biasa dimanfaatkan oleh peternak sebagai ayam potong sebagai penghasil daging sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber penghasilan baru bagi peternak jika harga jual tinggi. Daging ayam petelur afkir memiliki potensi untuk menjadi produk daging olahan, karena mempunyai kandungan  nutrien tidak jauh berbeda dengan daging ayam broiler. Curcuminoid dan minyak atsiri dalam temulawak berpotensi sebagai antiseptik dan meningkatkan kualitas produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas kimia daging ayam petelur afkir yang dimarinasi  menggunakan pasta temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pasta temulawak dengan konsentrasi 0%, 20%, 40% dan 60%  pada daging ayam petelur afkir memberikan perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kadar abu.Kata Kunci: Ayam Petelur Afkir Pasta Temulawak
Evaluasi Tingkat Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada Sapi Simental di Kecamatan Wonomulyo Kabupaten Polewali Mandar
Authors: Ayyub Ayyub , Gustina Sri , Mukhlisah Andi Nurul
Published: January 2023

Indonesia belum mampu menyuplai kebutuhan daging sapi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan peningkatan populasi sapi potong dengan cara meningkatkan jumlah kelahiran pedet dan calon indukan dalam jumlah besar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan pada sapi Simental di Kecamatan Wonomulyo Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Simple Random Sampling dengan teknik wawancara. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan S/C1=1 sebanyak 25 ekor sapi betina bunting dengan pelaksanaan 1 kali inseminasi. S/C2 dengan nilai 2, adalah nilai yang didapatkan dari 2 kali inseminasi pada 31 ekor sapi betina bunting. S/C3=3 sebanyak 6 ekor sapi betina dikategorikan dalam nilai kurang baik, nilai rata,an S/C Sapi Simental betina produktif yaitu 1,5. CR1 adalah sapi betina bunting dalam 1 kali inseminasi dengan nilai 100%, sedangkan CR2 adalah sapi betina bunting dalam 2 kali IB dengan nilai 50%. CR3 adalah sapi betina bunting dalam 3 kali IB dengan nilai 33,33%, Nilai rata-rata CR pada Sapi Simental adalah 88,57%. Tingkat keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan pada induk sapi Simental di Kecamatan Wonomulyo Kabupaten Polewali Mandar sudah baik dilihat pada Conception Rate (CR1) yaitu 100%, CR2=50%, dan CR3=33,33% dinyatakan kurang baik karena <50%, dengan rata-rata 88,57%. Service Per Conception (S/C 1) yaitu 1 S/C2=2, dan S/C3=3 merupakan nilai yang  kurang baik, dengan nilai rata-rata 1,5.
The antiaging cream characteristics from extract of turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) rhizome and tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) leaves
Authors: Bambang Admadi Harsojuwono  , I Ketut Satriawan  , Sri Mulyani
Published: January 2023

Chemical-based cosmetics tend to have adverse side effects on human skin so that public awareness arises to use cosmetics made from natural ingredients that do not have side effects. Extract cream of turmeric and tamarind leaf is one of the cosmetics made from natural ingredients that has the potential to replace chemical-based cosmetics. This study aims to determine the hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value and perfume type to get the cream with the best characteristics, an extract mixture concentration of turmeric rhizome and tamarind leaves used in the manufacture of anti-aging cream, and its application. The experiment used randomized block design with HLB treatment: 9,10,11 and the perfume type : 1,5% jasmine, 2% champagne, 2% rose, while the mixed treatment of turmeric extracts and tamarind leaves extracts were used with the concentration of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5%. The application of the cream to experimental animals, using 36 wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), treated without cream, smeared with placebo cream, smeared with cream of a mixture of tamarind leaves and turmeric extracts, for 4 weeks all groups of rats received exposure chronic UV-B rays 840 mJ/cm. The results showed that the type of perfume had a significant effect on the dispersion, but HLB and the type of perfume had a significant effect on overall acceptance. HLB 10 cream in all types of perfumes showed the best cream characteristics. The lowest anti-collagenase IC50 value was obtained in the cream with a 5% concentration of turmeric extract and tamarind leaves, IC50 value: 0.36 g/ml. Application of cream mixture of turmeric rhizome extract and tamarind leaves with a concentration of 5% gave a significant effect on the decrease in MMP-1 expression up to 12.147+2.380 μg/ml and increase the amount of collagen by 23. 67% in the skin of wistar rats.
Analisis Metode Split Tensile Test Komposit Laminat Jute Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Belah Beton Kolom Silinder
Authors: Hidayat Nurul , Jusuf Zulfikar Achmad , Iswandi Iswandi
Published: January 2023

Bahan komposit telah mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat sebagai bahan baru alternatif pengganti bahan-bahan logam. Struktur beton merupakan struktur utama dari suatu bangunan dan akan mengalami penurunan kekuatan mekaniknya seiring dengan waktu pakainya. Dalam studi ini, bahan komposit laminat dari kain jute anyaman akan digunakan sebagai penguat struktur beton. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mendapatkan kekuatan tarik beton kolom silinder (BKS) yang diperkuat komposit laminat jute (KLJ) dengan metode split tensile test, analisis validitas data hasil uji dengan metode data terdistribusi normal (DTN), dan  analisis kekuatan tarik BKS yang diperkuat KLJ berdasarkan hasil uji metode split tensile test. Pengujian tarik belah menggunakan standar ASTM C496 dengan variasi lapisan dari 1 lapis hingga 4 lapis KLJ. Pada masing-masing variasi dilakukan 3 kali pengujian. Pencetakan selubung KLJ pada BKS menggunakan metode Vacuum Bagging. Sebagai perbandingan, dipersiapkan 3 buah spesimen tanpa selubung KLJ sebagai control specimen. Hasil penyelidikan memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian selubung KLJ pada BKS mengakibatkan peningkatan kekuatan tarik belah BKS pada 1, 2, 3, dan 4 selubung KLJ sebesar 62 %, 166 %, 200 %, dan 330 % secara berturut-turut. Dengan demikian, pemberian selubung KLJ berpotensi sebagai bahan penguat struktur BKS.
Analisis Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Laminat Jute Berdasarkan Pola Kerusakan Kolom Silinder Metode Split Tensile Test
Authors: Al Rasyid Mahmudin , Jusuf Zulfikar Achmad , Iswandi Iswandi
Published: January 2023

Tujuan studi ini ialah mendapatkan pola kerusakan spesimen beton kolom silinder (BKS) diperkuat komposit laminate jute (KLJ) berdasarkan hasil uji Split Tensile Test (Uji tarik belah), mengetahui fenomena pemberian penguat bahan komposit laminat jute terhadap beton kolom silinder terhadap persentase pola retak (PPR) spesimen, dan menganalisis perbandingan antara kekuatan tarik belah (KTB) dan PPR. Spesimen uji dicetak berdasarkan standar uji ASTM C496 dengan metode Vacuum Bagging. Variasi spesimen terdiri dari 1 hingga 4 lapis KLJ dan satu variasi tanpa selubung KLJ sebagai spesimen kontrol. Pengujian tarik belah menggunakan alat uji UTM dengan masing-masing variasi dilakukan 3 kali perulangan. Pengamatan dan perhitungan PPR dikerjakan dengan bantuan software Adobe Photoshop. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar nilai KTB maka semakin besar pula PPR yang terjadi. Peningkatan PPR pada masing-masing KTB dilaporkan dalam artikel ini.
Analisis Metode Split Tensile Test Komposit Laminat Hybrid Jute E-Glass Akibat Beban Tarik Beton Kolom Silinder
Authors: Tambusay M. Ibnu , Zulfikar Achmad Jusuf , Iswandi Iswandi
Published: January 2023

Dalam studi ini, penguatan struktur beton dikerjakan dengan melapisinya dengan bahan komposit laminat dari kombinasi penguat dari bahan alami (lembar kain jute anyaman) dan bahan sintetik (lembar serat kaca e-glass anyaman). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kekuatan tarik belah beton kolom silinder (BKS) dengan metode uji tarik belah (split tensile test) akibat pemberian selubung komposit laminat hibrid jute e-glass (KLHJG), analisis validitas data dengan metode data terdistribusi normal (DTN) terhadap hasil uji kekuatan geser selubung KLHJG sebagai penguat BKS, dan analisa pengaruh pemberian selubung KLHJG terhadap kekuatan tarik BKS. Spesimen dicetak berdasarkan standar uji ASTM C496 dengan perlakuan perendaman dalam air bersih selama 28 hari dan pengeringan di udara terbuka selama 28 hari. Variasi KLHJG terdiri dari JGJ, JJG, JJJG, JGJG, dan GJGJ. Tiap variasi terdiri dari 3 kali perulangan pengujian. Proses pemberian selubung KLHJG pada BKS menggunakan metode Vacuum Bagging. Validitas data menggunakan metode fungsi kerapatan probabilitas. Hasil studi memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian KLHJG mampu meningkatkan kekuatan tarik belah hingga 800 %. Dengan demikian, aplikasi KLHJG berpotensi diterapkan sebagai penguat BKS.
Analisisi Unjuk Mesin Genset Kerja dengan Bahan Bakar Kombinasi Biogas dan LPG
Authors: Hermanto Tino , Idris Muhammad , Hermawan Indra , Akhiruddin Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Energi memiliki peran sangat penting dalam mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan karena meningkatnya pertumbuhan pembangunan mengakibatkan meningkat pula kebutuhan akan bahan bakar. Dalam unjuk kerja mesin genset ada bebeapa parameter penting dalam pengambilan data seperti daya efektif, Torsi, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, dan efisiensi thermal. Didalam peneitian ini menggunakan beberapa jenis bahan bakar seperti LPG dan juga Biogas, dimana nantinya diharapkan dapat dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperinental pada mesin genset 4 langkah yang telah dilakukan perubahan pada karbulator berbahan bakar minyak menjadi memakai bahan bakar gas agar dapat digunakan dengan memakai bahan bakar gas LPG maupun Biogas, serta ditambahkan komponen tambahan pada saluran inlet bahan bakar seperti flow meter agar dapat memvariasikan bahan bakar yang msuk kedalam ruang pembakaran. Selain itu juga penelitian ini membandingkan pengaruh bahan bakar LPG dan campura Biogas dengan LPG terhadap unjuk kerja mesin yang dihasilkan. Hasil keseluruhan pengujian terbaik didapat menggunakan bahan bakar LPG dengan peningkatan Ne: 27,31%, Torsi: 0,05%, SFC: 0,34%, dan Efisiensi Thermal: 4,09%.dibandingkan menggunakan bahan bakar kombinasi Biogas dengan LPG.
Study of Material Removal Rate Process Parameter in WEDM
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Ashwani , Singh Varun Pratap , Dutt Nitesh , Kutar S.P.
Published: January 2023

Wire cut Electrical Discharge Machining is known as nontraditional machining process. It has broad application in complex part or geometry machining. It is known as a non-contact process. The main objective of this research work is to investigate the influence of process parameters of Wire cut Electrical-Discharge Machining in material removal rate. Die steel D3 has been selected as workpiece material for study. The process parameters are peak current, pulse on time and wire tension. In experimental analysis it was concluded that on MRR the most influential process parameter is peak current with contribution of 86.02 %. Pulse of time has 12.29 % contribution and wire tension has minimum contribution of 1.12 % with 0.57% error in the study.
Discrete Fracture Network Modelling for a Shallow Cover Road Tunnel System
Authors: Weir F. M. , Watton J. W.
Published: January 2023

The city of Sydney (Australia) is currently undergoing a major infrastructure construction boom, with numerous rail and road tunnels currently under construction. This paper presents DFN modelling undertaken as part of the tunnel design process for a major road tunnel system in western Sydney. The primary discontinuities controlling block formation are expected to be joints, bedding planes and seams / bedding plane shears, which were included in the DFN model. This paper presents the necessary input parameters for the modelling and derivation of these parameters, along with the model generation process.

Multiple realizations of the model were generated, with a stability analysis carried out on each. Given the complicated geometry of the tunnels in the project two representative 100 m lengths of tunnel geometries were analyzed; a wide span cavern (striking 020°) and a mined tunnel (striking 125°). The stability analyses were used to develop the unstable block volume distribution and identify the maximum likely block volume for the crown and sidewalls of the cavern. In addition, the block results were filtered relative to the proposed pattern rock bolting to assist designers with considering shotcrete loads.
Effects of Fracture Transmissivity Relationship on Repository Performance Characteristics
Authors: Smith M. , Portone T. , Swiler L.
Published: January 2023

When simulating flow and transport through sparsely fractured rocks in Earth’s subsurface, discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling has become the alternative approach to continuum approaches. In this work, DFNs are generated using dfnWorks, a parallelized computational suite developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory. The DFNs are then mapped to an equivalent continuous porous medium (ECPM) to allow for nuclear waste repository performance assessment simulations. To this end, reactive flow and transport calculations are performed in PFLOTRAN, a parallel multiphase flow and reactive transport code. For this study, the application problem is a crystalline repository reference case based on the Forsmark site in Sweden. When converting the fracture networks into ECPMs, fracture transmissivity is used to determine the continuum permeability field. New capabilities in dfnWorks have enabled the use of the depth-dependent correlated relationship. To understand the effect of adding the depth-dependent relationship, this study compares repository performance quantities of interest and ECPM permeabilities from the same DFN where the only change is the transmissivity relationship. It was found that although the permeabilities for the varying transmissivity relationships were significantly different, this did not strongly influence the quantities of interest.