bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BRIGADE RESPONSIBILITY – WAY TO RECOVER A LACK OF ASSETS
Authors: Staneva Valentina
Published: January 2020

In the activity of each enterprise, there may be a need to seek brigade responsibility in cases where the accounting activity is carried out on shifts within a team (brigade). Brigade responsibility is a concept of financial law, which has its historical explanation from the time of the planned economy and the activity of the trade union organizations. As a preventive coercive measure in the past, it undergoes a transformation in modern times that leads to the emergence of labor-law relations leading to almost unlawful sanctioning of workers under conditions when the activities of exchange are carried out in shifts within a separate labor force.The objective of brigade responsibility in today's conditions is to reduce the losses for the owners of the economically separate reporting units at the expense of the workers under the changed working hours regime.The purpose of this report is to determine the prerequisites for the search for property liability within a working group working at a changing organization of working time. A review of the conditions for the realization of property liability is made in the presence of prerequisites for seeking joint and several liability. Employee insecurity in terms of remuneration received, reduced by the amounts due under a british liability contract, is the main reason for the high turnover in those enterprises where the demand for british liability of employees is being applied. The analysis shows that unfair practices by employers apply to workers for whom the state should provide the necessary legal and institutional protection.
INFRASTRUCTURE OF FINANCIAL SYSTEM AND BANKING OPERATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Mrvić Tatjana
Published: January 2020

The Financial system has a very important and specific role in the adequate development of a particular national economy. Its key role is essential for the development of the entire national economic activity, which is reflected in the fact that it forms the basis of all financial or cash flows in it. Within the financial system of the Republic of Serbia, the banking system plays a dominant role, and therefore the operations of banks as depository credit institutions. In order for the banking system to develop steadily with less risky transactions, to be trustworthy, it must meet the conditions of publicity and business transparency and to operate in a rounded and complete infrastructure of the financial system and market. The goal and purpose of this study is to present the tendency of the development of the banking sector and the necessity of forming complete infrastructure within the financial system for banking operations and financial stability of the banking sector.
CURRENT STATUS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND STATE
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Nichev Nikolay , Georgiev Marin
Published: January 2020

In the last decade the concept of development and promotion of social economy and social entrepreneurship are part of EU policy to tackle the social exclusion of persons in a vulnerable position. Also, the model of social economy is one of the key instruments for achieving social objectives within the framework of the sustainable and inclusive growth. Social benefits are measured by integration and employment of disadvantaged people, the contribution to the process of social inclusion of other vulnerable people, and the economic indicator is expressed by saved public funds for social welfare, on the one hand, and the additional funds compensating the social costs of long-term unemployment.What is important to happen is to create suitable conditions for the development of social enterprises with the widest possible range - vulnerable groups themselves and their problems are diverse and different, and the „answer“ to their needs must be flexible in order to be efficient and effective; „way to solutions“ is not important (the path may be different, as are diverse and vast opportunities for economic initiatives) that leads to the result itself, the result is important - better integration and sustainable tackling of social exclusion.
THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS IN SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EXPERT ASSESSMENT
Authors: Bencheva Nelly , Stoeva Teodora
Published: January 2020

Social entrepreneurship is a paradigm that can be seen as one of the solutions to reduce poverty, migration, depopulation and retention of the working population in Bulgaria.The aim of the article is to analyze the role of management skills and the training needs as a difference between the current and desired state of knowledge, skills and qualifications of business advisors to provide the necessary consulting services to social intermediaries and social enterprises. Professional profiles of social business consultants are presented on the basis of published job requirements in organizations providing business consulting to social enterprises and by some organizations outside the country due to the poor development of these activities at national level.Business advisors usually provide financial and strategic advice to small and mid-sized companies, cooperatives, social enterprises and other formats of company formations.
IMPORTANCE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS (FDI) IN KOSOVO AND CREATION OF FAVORABLE POLICIES IN ATTRACTING THEM
Authors: Brava Feim
Published: January 2020

Domestic investments are essential to develop of each country, but sometimes insufficient, in most countries that aim for sustainable and long-term growth. Hence, most countries, and Kosovo, have a continuing need for additional capital, which, with adequate institutional policies, can be provided through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).While in developed countries there are debates about and against FDI (especially about the type of FDI when an investment can be made from domestic capital), in underdeveloped and developing countries there is a consensus on the need for FDI to meet the need for investments that can not be realized through local investment.Several emerging countries and Kosovo have made constant efforts to increase these investments but have faced significant problems in attracting foreign investors. Disadvantaged institutional policies, including monopoly policies and fiscal policies, have been one of the limiting factors.This paper aims at analyzing current policies related to attracting FDI and identifying and analyzing institutional policies that are facilitating FDI, but the main focus will be on current and potential policies that can will negatively impact on FDI withdrawal. At the end of the paper, some conclusions will be drawn based on research on the current situation as well as some recommendations on policies that may advance attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
STARTUP COMPANIES, CHALLENGES IN POLAND
Authors: Konsek-Ciechońska Justyna
Published: January 2020

130,000 enterprises are created every day all around the world, some of them are startups, of which nine out of ten are liquidated, 60% in the second year of operation211. The aim of the article is to present the essence of a startup-type enterprise as the subject most often associated with new technologies and characterized by higher risk than traditional enterprises, but also a higher chance for above-average development and profits.Research on startups is of great importance. Many of these enterprises end their operation at a very early stage. These enterprises fail because, among other things, they have problems with raising capital, maintaining reputation, securing supplies, they are subject to limitations related to premises and high labor costs. However, many startups that survive and develop their businesses transform into successful enterprises that have an important role in the economy, an example may be Google, Apple or Microsoft. Therefore, this article attempts to define start-up enterprises operating in Poland and to recognize the challenges they must face.Only five years ago in Poland, the business model based on startups was small. Today, their potential was noticed not only by originators and founders of startups, but also by state authorities. In recent years, many measures have been taken in Poland to improve the conditions in the field of innovation at the government level. The Act on Innovation was adopted; the Polish Development Fund implements programs allowing to increase long-term economic and investment potential.In order to show that research on startups is important, four main issues were discussed: start-up enterprises were defined and described, startups' life cycles were explained, startups operating in Poland were presented using descriptive statistics and finally, analysis of problems related to starting and development of startups was made.The research method used in the study is a review of literature, reports and websites as well as descriptive statistics. Startup is a venture that can change the face of the Polish economy so far associated with low labor costs, and which has a chance to turn into an economy competing with companies around the world with innovation and highly qualified human resources.Researchers can develop each of these stages of company development and analyze the challenges faced by the company at each of these stages in different areas. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the development of a comprehensive startup theory.
WORLDWIDE GOODS PRODUCED IN SERBIA AND THE 100% TAX EFFECT ON THEIR IMPORTS TO KOSOVO
Authors: Havolli Refik , Uka Havolli Bastrie
Published: January 2020

The imposition of a 10% defensive measure by the Kosovo Government, pursuant to Decision No. 01/74 dated 06.11.2018, for product imported from Serbia and Bosnia Herzegovina, had a big impact on the brands trademarks of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.On 21.12.2018, the Government of Kosovo raised the tax rate from 10% to 100% as well as for the international brands it produces in these countries. Only a few of these international brands had been deployed.On December 28, 2019, the Kosovo Government also took the decision to ban all non-produced trademarks produced in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, which entered into force on 01.01.2019. So to supplement and amend the decision No. 01/76 dated 21.11.2018 was passed, from which paragraph 2 of the basic decision was removed.The reason why the government of Kosovo took the decision for 100% tax was the wartime campaign for denying the state and the fights against Kosovo for the membership in Interpol.This tax was decided without any analysis, benefiting only the intersects of different groups. Where is the lack of coordination between MTI-Customs, Finance Ministry, Government of Kosovo (Prime Minister).There were statements against this matter for the imposition of this tax. Making this decision had positive effects on politics, but had far greater impact on the economy.The pressure to remove the tax from the international community fell when the government decision banned the import of international trademarkThe reasons why international brands were deployed in Serbia, and none of them in Kosovo was because there was much greater institutional support, while in Kosovo there was a deficiency in the privatization process.
SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND THEIR IMPACT IN BULGARIA
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Nichev Nikolay , Georgiev Marin
Published: January 2020

The Economic and Social Council of the Republic of Bulgaria (ESC) believes that social enterprises in Bulgaria are still an untapped business model. Current social enterprises are mainly non-governmental organizations by applying the relevant legislation creating social enterprises whose business is focused on the realization of the social purpose and mission of the organization. Social enterprises in Bulgaria operate in various sectors, the most serious part are in: the delivery of social services; providing jobs for people with disabilities; mediation in finding employment of unemployed persons; provision of health services; аctivities in the field of education and others.In realizing these activities the leading is not the end product but the achieved social effect on individuals themselves expressed in obtaining the necessary support to integrate into society. In this sense, there are three basic models of social enterprises:The most common model is the one that creates jobs and develops the workforce. By business jobs are created primarily for people with disabilities. Most often the social enterprise is the employer of people with disabilities in order to achieve the integration of persons with disabilities in the labor market and create conditions for a better life.Another popular model of a social enterprise is the one in which the enterprise produces goods and seeks markets, also engaging with their distribution. Most often social enterprises involve persons with disabilities in the form of occupational therapy involved in the production of certain goods. Existing social enterprises in Bulgaria within this model are engaged in the manufacture of certain products by persons who are unemployed or socially excluded. The aim is to enable them to work and improve their social inclusion.The third existing model in Bulgaria is related to the provision of social services generally through payment of external customers, while social enterprise provides social services to its members. Payment is under contract with the state or a municipality. Within this model, services are provided to different users paid directly to social enterprise for direct service.
DIGITAL ECONOMY - PRESENT AND FUTURE TRENDS
Authors: Milenkovski Bozidar , Markovska Monika , Asani Arijan
Published: January 2020

With the advancements in technology there is a significant growth in our societies. The phenomenon known as digitalization brought us the possibilities to develop the digital economy as a new trend with huge possibilities. Digitalization is the key factor to successful business and production of new goods. In this paper we will include some of the most crucial aspects of the digital economy and its key roles in the new era of digital products and internet.
THE CLOUD COMPUTING – AN APPLICATION OF GOOGLE APPS IN E-LEARNING
Authors: Andreeva Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Cloud computing is the next stage in the web service evolution, providing computing power, applications, business processes etc., delivered as a service on demand. Nowadays the online service delivery progresses and gets into different areas of life. The information and communication technologies thrust permanently in the education. It is quite natural for the cloud computing to find their application.In a cloud computing system, there's a significant workload shift. Local computers have no longer to run applications. Instead of them the network of computers, which forms the cloud, handles it. Besides, the hardware and software requirements on the user's computer decrease. The only thing that the user needs to run the cloud computing service is a Web browser and an Internet connection.E-learning is popularized and enforced in many training institutions, especially in the distance and part-time learning. It is universal and can be used both in the education process and in training employees, enhancing their qualification, competence check, and more.In the paper is discussed the cloud model, which has five essential characteristics, three service models and four deployment models.Google Apps is popular public Software as a Service (SaaS) cloud service model, which provides software applications developed by Google. The Google Apps package includes communication tools – Gmail, Calendar, Hangout and Google+, personal disk space, which can be shared – Drive, applications for collaborative work – Docs, Sheets, Slides, Forms and Sites. All applications are costless after free registration and login to the platform. The Google Apps can be used to develop shared Web-based learning materials. The main advantage is that they are free, accessible at any time, from anywhere and any device. Another feature is that they do not have specific hardware and software requirements. A device with an Internet connection and a browser is enough.A detailed overview of Google Apps tools is made in the article and their application in the e-learning is proposed. In conclusion of the study is summarized that the Google Apps package can be: 1) used to prepare and share learning materials; 2) used to create knowledge tests, quizzes and receive any feedback information; 3) used for collaborative work with the tools; 4) used to manage and share events calendar, timetables, to-do-lists and more; 5) used for practical exercises to work with office tools. All this is free and publicly accessible at any time, from any device.
THE ROLE OF MANAGERS AND LEADERS IN MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Authors: Koleci Redon
Published: January 2020

Leadership is a mutual relationship between people, not imposed on one person to another person. Leadership is when people believe that a leader is capable of meeting their needs. The American School of Leadership at the University of Columbia surveyed 1500 people from different sectors found in leading positions in their own firms. Answers from 20 countries have been received, including America, Japan, European countries, Latin America, etc. Answers were given to what are the most important features It is important that people who in the near future can be entrusted with the role of the leader in any enterprise or system. Do these people have the people who decide on the fate of these leading companies?To be truly effective, leaders of large bureaucracies (large in number) should bring time to many activities within an agency. For many scholars, the key to leadership lies in the features or features that lead to this task, while other scholars describe what features feature theory has. According to them is the belief or the assumption that leadership is based on unique characteristics, qualities or characteristics that have the leaders and that enable them to assume responsibilities. Trust in the theory of features assumes that there is the quality of "born leadership", an assumption that led to the emergence of research on leadership skills and something else of a tradition within the public administration. The authors of this theory try to differentiate and describe the essential features and characteristics of all good leaders.For some time and mostly before the Second World War, public administration scholars interested in leadership aspects of those who handle large bureaucracies assumed that leaders had the gift or the attribute that separated them from the others who followed them. They believed leaders were born like that. Leaders had charisma, and their leadership was based more on their personality than on formal leadership positions or on any rational or legal authority.Any agreement which features were exactly essential to a good leadership did not exist. All of these features are useful to a leader, but no set of features could be demonstrated theoretically as essential. Since the 1960s, the importance of features has been increasingly seen as obsolete. Other factors have been seen to be at least as important or even more important than any other personal qualities of the leader. Some of the qualities suggested above as essential can be seen as counterproductive in some contexts.
CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH ORGANIZATION
Authors: Kocev Stojan , Kocev Dusko
Published: January 2020

CRM is a system that the customer-patient puts at the heart of the business process, and the deployment of the best CRM practices is the key to providing loyalty from customers as an integral part of a successful business. With this system, it is possible to study the behavior of the customer, thus providing the right direction for the best service of the customer and improving the relations and connections with them. CRM is the integration of sales, marketing, services and support strategy, processes, people and technologies to maximize customer benefits, values, relationships, and customer retention and their loyalty. These data are the basis for preparing information for marketing managers who need to help them in the decision-making process. Customer behavior is put in the focus of modern companies so that the CRM system is a synthesis of more functionalities such as sales, management, marketing and communication with customers as the main feature. These are methods for collecting and accumulating data for users and their behavior, preferences, inclinations and requirements Marketing decision support systems are usually part of CRM systems, which are a broad concept covering marketing activities, sales and overall communication, and customer relationships. The data collected is adapted to the marketing activities and the needs of marketing managers. Health CRM is a Customer Relationship Management System, designed specifically for use by healthcare organizations. Health CRM involves multiple sources of data (demographic data for consumers and patients, psychography, social, behavioral, clinical, financial, websites, call center, service check, etc.) to provide a comprehensive overview of the habits and activities of patient. The primary goal of the CRM healthcare system is to increase the quality of healthcare and the lives of patients to recruit new ones, and to retain existing patients.
FUNCTIONALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF MEDIA MANAGEMENT
Authors: Milivojjevic Gojko , Boykov Daryan
Published: January 2020

Media management is at the crossroads of communications and economics, not only because of the public response from the functioning of the media, but also because of the interdisciplinary intertwining of strict economic principles and fundamental knowledge of communication science. It is a complex array of accumulated knowledge in various social sciences, confirmed by empirical research. To this, globalization is added as a relatively new phenomenon, so the field of media research is becoming even more attractive and interesting. As the media transports values, attitudes, feelings and ideas to the world, acting as mediators in the distribution of information from one to many points in its classical version and interactive, stimulating dialogue, the "new media" version of this article is also considered analyze the parameters and characteristics of the media society as a systemic entity whose structures are outlined by themselves and where the coexistence of people is influenced by them.
THE SOCIAL NATURE OF QUALITY
Authors: Mineva Darina
Published: January 2020

The article examines aspects of the quality of products and services, defines its social character and the factors that determine it. Three factors form the social character of the quality of products and services: the needs of society and individuals; market relations; the insurance of consumers against risks (health insurance and insurance).The question of the difference between consumer value and utility value and value and value is fundamental to determining the social quality of the quality. User value and utility are the two aspects of quality. Your quality is in the product or service. Consumer value is a property and value is a public property. It reflects the public nature of the work of the commodities producers through the exchange of the market. The basis of this exchange is the merciful value of the commodity.The social nature of the quality of products and services is "the commitment of producers to the needs of society and the individual", irrespective of the type of production. The social aspect is at the heart of all other aspects. Therefore, when assessing the quality of a hospital, we are actually evaluating not so much the organization itself but its commitment to the health of society.
TRENDS AND CHALLENGES TO HEALTH TOURISM CASE STUDY BULGARIA-SERBIA REGION
Authors: Staneva Krasimira
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate potential of Cross-border region Bulgaria- Serbia for development of sustainability health (medical SPA and SPA tourism) destinations, using geomedical and social –economical assessment of tourism resources.More than 30 mineral springs (13 were selected) and 180 touristic objects have been studied –13 (were selected) (2018). There are good medico-biological conditions for the development of intensive medical SPA, Wellness and SPA tourism. The combination of free spring’s flow and specific climate conditions is a big advantage for the development of high specialized tourism destination as medical SPA.An algorithm is proposed for modeling a representative tourist destination in the field of health, medical SPA and wellness tourism. It is connected to the development of new tourist services - accessible and varied, aimed to a new target group of high price customer segment, focusing on local resources - scenic views, natural landmarks, specific landscape, local traditions and preserved environment. Destination management is related to its availability and development of alternative routes. The resilience of the health tourism destination is determined by its special social focus - creation and maintenance with a view to overcoming difficulties in the local economy and improving the quality of life of the local population also. For the success of those complex tourist product, it is necessary to manage different nonditional market sources, which implies the dominant role of digital marketing and application of virtual tourism tools to attract satisfied customers.
THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN HOTELS
Authors: Kitanov Vladimir
Published: January 2020

Human resource management and their potential and behavior in the work process or job tasks are a responsible and dynamic process that helps the organization to reach the desired abilities, quality and performance, and through its management to influence the behavior of individuals and groups in order to ensure the achievement of desired results and projected goals. Appropriate human resources management enables every person performing the tasks and tasks to provide capable and responsible persons, so that an individual or team can achieve maximum results in the given conditions.Human capital is defined as the knowledge, experience, skills, creativity, and innovation skills of employees in a company that directs them towards performing the joyful tasks.
MANAGEMENT AND STRUCTURE OF HOTELS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Saliu Kašmir , Saliu Imer , Saliu Shaban
Published: January 2020

In the conceptualization of the problem, the question of the utilization of hotel facilities in the Republic of Macedonia and the structure of the same in the Republic of Macedonia is raised. The answer to this question, as well as to many others, such as issues related to the operation of hotels, their categorization, structure, attendance, or more precise detailed hotel study, which are set as a task in the research, will be found through the extensive and detailed analysis.The scientific justification of this research refers to the theoretical knowledge of the importance of hotels as one of the key segments of tourism, ie their visit, structure, categorization and cooperation management of cooperation with travel agencies and their effects from interconnection.The practical justification of the topic is related to the application of theoretical knowledge in practice and it has wider dimensions because it mobilizes all the factors that are directly or indirectly interested in this issue in tourism.The aim of the paper is to give a complete picture of the types of hotels gravitated in the Republic of Macedonia by their activity and analysis of their division, structure, number, as well as their categorization, organization, utilization, structure, services and other.
ROAD TRAFFIC AND ITS SECURITY AS A FACTOR FOR PROGRESS OF THE TOURISM IN R. MACEDONIA
Authors: Trpeski Pavle , Korunovska Vesna
Published: January 2020

In today's world of globalization and a quicker way of life, tourism in the modern world is one of the main export industries of each country and the Republic of Macedonia. Worldwide revenues in 2017 of about 7.6 billion (10.2% of global GDP) and 292 million jobs in 2016, equivalent to 1 in 10 jobs in the global economy. Worldwide tourism revenues have led many countries to seriously think about development of this industry branch which is highly profitable. One of the main factors for the progress of tourism is road transport, its security as well as the accompanying infrastructure. The security of the road infrastructure, ie the road network, pedestrian infrastructure, traffic and tourist signalization are the basic elements that are noted by both transit tourists and tourists who have decided on one of the Macedonian tourist destinations which have provided a significant comparative advantage over others. On the other hand, the numerous circumstances with it creates increased risks for all road users and for tourists, reducing the competitive advantage of attractive tourist destinations. The tourism progress affects many economic development springs, so that travel agencies and governments of countries that see in their service activity an opportunity to economic development and endeavor to make road traffic more secure for all and for tourists. With this work we see the synergies between road safety and tourism with reference to the Republic of Macedonia.
BULGARIAN GARDENING ROAD AS A CULTURAL DESTINATION IN HUNGARY - CASE STUDY
Authors: Tutunkov Jordan
Published: January 2020

The concept of Bulgarian gardening became widespread in Hungary from the 1870s-1880s, including the complex vegetable production method used by Bulgarian horticultural farms, which meant special small-scale methods, greenhouse forcing and irrigation. Bulgarian gardening made field growing vegetable production into intensive farming which was also a revolutionary change in the production methods of the period. The first and second generations of Bulgarian gardeners in Hungary were working in a special organization of workforce imported from home, which was a kind of co-operative or association called druzhestvo or tayfa until the 1930s. The social-economic and cultural significance of Bulgarian gardening is connecting to implementation of new technologies in vegetable gardening, new management of activity and very new approaches for development of the basic economic section in Hungary. The cultural impact of Bulgarian’s gardening road is evaluated by different cultural signs in recent Hungarian history. The Bulgarian National Council announced „The road of Bulgarian gardening” project in 2015 with the aim to create such an international thematic road that shows the influence of Bulgarian gardening on the European agriculture, especially focusing on Hungary, also, to depict how the Hungarian vegetable growing landscapes were created.
Determinacion del efecto hipocolesterolemico y antiaterosclerotico de extracto acuoso de fruto Solanum Melongena “berenjena” en Rattus norvegicus var. Wistar con hiperlipemia experimental.
Authors: Moncada Bernedo Luis Enrique , Diaz-Murillo Henry
Published: January 2020

Se evaluó la actividad hipolipemiante del extracto acuoso de fruto de Solanum melongena “berenjena” en Rattus norvegicus variedad Wistar con hiperlipidemia experimental. Se llevó a cabo en el Laboratorio de Fisiología Animal de la Univerisdad Nacional de San Agustín y Bioterio de la Universidad Católica Santa María de 1 Junio al 31 Setiembre 2015. Se utilizaron 24 Rattus norvegicus variedad Wistar distribuidas en cuatro grupos de 6 ratas cada uno: un tratamiento control hipercolesterolémico y tres experimentales tratamiento de Solanum melongena a dosis de 0.5 g/kg/día, 1 g/kg/día y lovastatina a una dosis de 3 mg/kg. Se utilizó el método de Wiener en la determinación de Colesterol Total, Triglicéridos, HDL-colesterol y LDL-colesterol. Lahiperlipidemia se logró con una mezcla de 50 g de cerebro de res hervido con 50 g de conejina más 3 ml de manteca de cerdo por rata. Se observó disminución significativa (p<0.01) en los niveles de colesterol, triglicéridos e índice aterogénico y aumento significativo en los niveles de HDL-C, en comparación al grupo control. Los resultados nos muestran que la administración de 0.5 y 1 g/kg/día de extracto acuoso de Solanum melongena “berenjena” disminuyen los niveles de colesterol total y triglicéridos en Rattus norvegicus variedad Wistar con hiperlipidemia experimental. Ademas no tiene efecto hepatotoxico y reduce las placas ateromatosas en aorta.
The Effect of Teaching Palliative Care on the Self-Efficacy of Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Modanloo Mahnaz , Tazikeh-Lemeski Ameneh , Kolagari Shohreh
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjetive: Determine the effect of teaching palliative care on the self-efficacy of elderly with Chronic Heart Failure. Material and Methods: This single-blind randomized clinical trial was done on patients with Chronic Heart Failure attending to the heart clinics of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. 48 eligible patients with class-III were selected via convenience sampling. Patients allocated into control and intervention group randomly (n=32). Palliative care training was done for intervention group for six weeks. Data was gathered through the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) on three time points (before, immediately, and one month after intervention). Data were analyzed in SPSS-18 using independent t-test, chi-squared, Fisher's exact, and repeated-measures ANOVA with corrected Bonferroni post-hoc test. Results: Finding showed that before intervention the mean scores of self-efficacy in intervention and control group was 23.95±8.34 and 24.11±9.41, respectively. Immediate and one month after intervention it was 26.30±8.30 vs. 28.95±8.53 in intervention group and 24.68±9.32 vs. 25.53±10.39 in control group. In intervention group there was no significant difference between the mean scores of before with immediate and one month after intervention. However, there was a significant difference between the two time follow up in both intervention (p<0.0001) and control (p<0.003) groups. Conclusion: Although the education of palliative care has increased the ability to care in elderly, it seems that self-managing in complex conditions is required follow-up over time.
Ehrlichiosis humana, vigente en la actualidad
Authors: Iglesias-Osores Sebastián
Published: January 2020

Carta al editor (sin resumen)
The Urgency of Radicalism Regulation in Legal Norms in Indonesia
Authors: Mery Lisa
Published: January 2020

Radicalism is a serious threat to countries in the world, Indonesia as a country that has a large area and a population that has increased the potential threat of understanding derived from radical ideology (negative), to show the efforts made by the Indonesian government in anticipating radicalism in the country then This article lightly discusses the urgency of anticipating the threat of radicalism into the rule of law and identifying the elements of radicalism to enter into a classification of crime that is different from terrorism. This research method uses a literature study that qualitatively seeks to analyze the phenomenon of rising tendencies of radicalism in Indonesia and explains the urgency of regulating radicalism into a legal norm. Discussion and analysis of research shows that radicalism is very important (urgent) to be anticipated in a rule of law so that although there are already specific rules in Law No.5 of 2017 concerning terrorism, radicalism also has urgency to be regulated by looking at elements of the pattern of crime development that different from terrorism as a crime that is more clearly characterized by actual. The results of the identification of elements of radicalism show different tendencies with more significant indicators of radicalism before the onset of terrorism.
Traditional Food Arrangements as Expressions of Traditional Culture
Authors: Adi Sukmaningsih Ni Komang Irma , Dharmawan Ni Ketut Supasti , Marwanto Marwanto
Published: January 2020

Traditional Cultural Expressions have basically been protected through national law, but in their regulation traditional food is not included as part of Traditional Cultural Expressions even though traditional food is one of Indonesia's traditional cultures that also characterizes the Indonesian Nation. For this reason, it is important to study the norms that occur in this study. The purpose of this study is to analyze the traditional food protection arrangements as traditional cultural expressions and the legal consequences that will occur if a traditional food is not listed as part of traditional cultural expressions. The method in this study uses a type of normative juridical legal research with a statute approach that focuses on the study of statutory regulations regarding legal issues in this study. The sources of legal materials in this study consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that traditional food regulation has not been regulated as Traditional Cultural Expressions in the law in force in Indonesia precisely in Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The absence of arrangements related to traditional food as Traditional Cultural Expressions results in foreign parties or other countries easily recognizing the tradition, so it is necessary to regulate traditional food as Traditional Cultural Expressions.
Arrangement for Issuance of Certificate of Substitute of Land Rights
Authors: Ardila Yana , Kalalo Julianto Jover Jotam
Published: January 2020

The certificate is used as a valid and strong proof if there is a problem in the future. Problems are not just about land disputes, but problems such as certificates that have been issued are damaged due to not being cared for properly, the paper is damaged due to obsolescence, then natural disasters occur that sweep away or burn the certificate, and disappear due to theft or self-negligence. For that reason, the people whose certificates have been lost, damaged and so on are obliged to come to the office of the National Land Agency (BPN) to be given a certificate to replace the lost and damaged land rights. This research was conducted using empirical juridical methods that see a statutory regulation as a benchmark and see the facts and phenomena that occur in the field, especially in Merauke. Data is obtained later and processed with primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. From the results of the research conducted it can be said that the arrangement of the issuance of replacement certificates is clear and well structured. Starting from the highest regulation to the lowest regulation.
Autonomous Shuttle-as-a-Service (ASaaS): Challenges, Opportunities, and Social Implications
Authors: Bucchiarone Antonio , Battisti Sandro , Marconi Annapaola , Maldacea Roberto , Ponce Diego Cardona
Published: January 2020

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Modern cities are composed of complex socio-technical systems that exist to provide services effectively to their residents and visitors. In this context, smart mobility systems aim to support the efficient exploitation of the city transport facilities as well as sustainable mobility within the urban environment. People need to travel quickly and conveniently between locations at different scales, ranging from a trip of a few blocks within a city to a journey across cities or further. At the same time, goods need to be timely delivered considering the needs of both the users and the businesses. While most of the

mobility and delivery solutions can cover significant distances and multiple requests, they suffer when the requests come from the growing neighborhoods and hard-to-reach areas such as city centers, corporate headquarters, and hospitals. In the last few years, several cities indicated interest in using Autonomous Vehicles (AV) for the "last-mile" mobility services. With them, it seems to be easier to get people and goods around using fewer vehicles.

In this context, Autonomous Shuttles (AS) are beginning to be thought of as a new mobility/delivery service into the city center where narrow streets are not easily served by traditional buses. They allow them to serve critical areas with minimal new infrastructure and reducing noise and pollution. The goal of this article is to present an innovative vision on the introduction of

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the Autonomous Shuttles-as-a service (ASaaS) concept as the key pillar for the realization of innovative and sustainable proximity mobility. Through a set of real application scenarios, we present our view, and we discuss a set of challenges, opportunities, and social implications that this way to reimage the mobility of the future introduces.
Deep Learning-based Cooperative Automatic Modulation Classification Method for MIMO Systems
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Juan , Yang Jie , Zhang Wei , Gui Guan
Published: January 2020

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is one of the most essential algorithms to identify the modulation types for the non-cooperative communication systems. Recently, it has been demonstrated that deep learning (DL)-based AMC method effectively works in the single-input single-output (SISO) systems, but DL-based AMC method is scarcely explored in the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In this correspondence, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based cooperative AMC (Co-AMC) method for the MIMO systems, where the receiver equipped with multiple antennas cooperatively recognizes the modulation types. Specifically, each received antenna gives their recognition sub-results via the CNN, respectively. Then, the decision maker identifies the modulation types with the recognition sub-results and cooperative decision rules, such as direct voting (DV), weighty voting (WV), direct averaging (DA) and weighty averaging (WA). The simulation results demonstrate that the Co-AMC method, based on the CNN and WA, has the highest correct classification probability in the four cooperative decision rules. In addition, the CNN-based Co-AMC method also performs better than the high order cumulants (HOC)-based traditional AMC methods, which shows the effective feature extraction and powerful classification capabilities of the CNN.
AC Losses Analysis in stack of 2G HTS tapes in a coil
Authors: Zubko Vasily , Fetisov Sergey , Zanegin Sergey , Vysotsky Vitaly
Published: January 2020

The model coil with the racetrack geometry based on second generation (2G) High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) tapes has been developed for an electrical machine where a winding pack is a stack of 2G HTS tapes. It is important to evaluate transport current AC losses and possible methods to reduce them in a winding. In a device made of 2G HTS tapes, the main the AC losses are the hysteresis ones. Only numerical simulation permits to predict them in full. The FEM model for calculation of the hysteresis losses developed before for 2G HTS power cables was modified for a stack of the 2G HTS tapes in a coil. In this paper the methods to increase a computational speed are presented. Possible ways to reduce AC losses are discussed also. The details of the model and comparisons of calculations with measurements of the AC loss are presented.
FREQUENCY OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Authors: OOZEERKHAN Zeeshan Khan
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is one of the most common causes of irreversible pathological visual loss. Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) is a rod that colonizes the gastric mucosa and has strong associations with diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. Frequency of H.pylori in patients of POAG has not been reported in Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE

This study is to find out the frequency of H.pylori antibody in the serum of people with established POAG.

Study Design: Cross Sectional Survey

Place of study: LRBT Free Eye Hospital, Lahore.

Duration: 6 months

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Consecutive sampling was used and informed consent and demographic information of patients was taken from 100 patients. 3ml of venous blood processed through the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay of the Immulite 2000 Systems Analyzers H.pylori Ig G detection kit. The Quantitative variables such as age were presented as mean and standard deviation while qualitative variables such as gender and H.pylori status (positive or negative) were expressed as frequency and percentage.

RESULTS

Patients’ mean age was 50.45 ± 6.16 years. There were 49 (49%) male and 51 (51%) female patients. The mean antibody level of patients was 3.80 ± 2.57 with range of 9.39. The minimum and maximum antibody level were 0.07 and 9.46 respectively. 75 (75%) patients were shown to be positive with H.pylori.

CONCLUSION

The study shows high frequency of H.pylori antibody in patients with Open Angle Glaucoma. Importance of this serious health concern should be investigated and eradicated at all stages of POAG.
Ocular Presentations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Patients undergoing highly- active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) Therapy in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Akram Muhammad Abdul Rehman
Published: January 2020

Purpose:

To detect the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related ocular manifestations in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and duration of study: A one-year retrospective study was conducted in Ophthalmology Clinic of East Jeddah Hospital in the western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during 2016-2017

Material and methods

A one-year retrospective study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Clinic of East Jeddah Hospital in the western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during 2016-2017. 47 referrals of HIV-positive patient data were collected from the Infectious Diseases Department by taking history, clinical examinations and, laboratory investigations. The ophthalmological examination included adnexal examination, bestcorrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior and posterior segment examination, B-scan and, MRI.

Results

Out of 47 referred patients from the In and Out-patient Departments in East Jeddah Hospital, patients presented as follows:

Single patient cases of retinal necrosis, anterior uveitis and neovascular glaucoma, with pterygium,sixth nerve palsy, bacterial conjunctivitis and, adenoviral conjunctivitis. Two cases presented with HIV microangiopathy, blepharitis, cortical blindness after brain abscess, herpes infection, Kaposi sarcoma and, cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Three patients presented with tuberculosis meningitis, and six with dry eyes. Eight patients presented with cataracts, and ten with refractive errors.

Conclusions

Ocular manifestations of HIV infection are relatively infrequent.HAART treatment is responsible for decreasing the HIV-related complications in ophthalmology. The CD4 T-lymphocyte result can be used to predict the beginning of certain eye infections in HIV-positive patients. Hidden indicators of complications of AIDS in patients confirm the strong rationale for alternating visits with those to an ophthalmologist and professionals discussing the best treatment accordingly.

Keywords: Ocular, HIV, AIDS, HAART