bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEMMEX: an agile approach to service design consultancies
Authors: Viola Helouíse Hellen de Godoi , Braglia Israel de Alcântara
Published: February 2021

This article deals with the application of an agile approach to projects in service designused in consultancies of the LEMME -UFSC group in partnership with Sebrae/SC. The methodological procedure used for the case study (LEMMEX) adapts an adaptation of the flowchart of Teixeira, Henrique, Braglia & Gonçalves (2018); developed from the approaches of Garret (2010) and Teixeira, Benedet and Hoppe (2015). The standardized method of optimization in the analysis time, greater depth in the relevant items for the proposed solution and more security for decision making.
Ascensi Duart y el mapa de la particular contribución de la ciudad de Valencia (1695) de Francisco Antonio Cassaus
Authors: Cisneros Álvarez Pablo
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar documentación inédita sobre Ascensio Duarte y el mapa Huerta y contribución particular de la ciudad de Valencia (1695) del jesuita Francisco Antonio Cassaus. Los trabajos de investigación llevados a cabo en el Archivo Histórico Municipal de Valencia y en el Archivo del Reino de Valencia permiten entender el proceso de impresión del mapa de Cassaus y a Ascensio Duarte, una figura que, hasta este momento, no había sido estudiada por la historiografía en profundidad y que, en parte, es una gran desconocida. En este texto se aporta información sobre Duarte que ayuda a conocerle mejor y que abren nuevas e interesantes vías futuras de investigación.
Transporte público y despoblación en el medio rural: el caso del interior castellonense
Authors: Marco Dols Pablo , Soriano Martí Javier
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años ha cobrado actualidad el problema de la despoblación rural, que ha llevado a muchos núcleos a su efectiva desaparición. Entre los que todavía subsisten, algunos padecen una progresiva reducción de servicios públicos y dotaciones, como el transporte en autobús, que juega un papel relevante. Esto acaba obligando a muchos residentes a emigrar a zonas más pobladas para acceder a los servicios básicos. Este trabajo pretende estudiar la paulatina desaparición y/o disminución del servicio de autobuses en el interior de la provincia de Castellón y mostrar las alternativas existentes que permitan revertir o atenuar este éxodo a partir de propuestas sostenibles que garanticen una calidad de vida equitativa en todos los territorios. El análisis se ha realizado mediante una reconstrucción de la evolución demográfica y de la oferta de servicios de autobús existente en la provincia, a partir de diversas fuentes estadísticas del INE y la consejería regional, mientras que las propuestas se inspiran o apoyan en la bibliografía existente sobre el transporte en el medio rural. Los resultados confirman la disminución del servicio de transporte paralelamente a la despoblación en numerosas zonas, sin que se haya aplicado ninguna de las medidas existentes para garantizar su eficiencia y sostenibilidad.
El relleu de la ciutat de Mallorca a través de la cartografia (1596-1871)
Authors: Rosselló Verger Vicenç M.
Published: February 2021

Es tracta de comparar el reflex en la cartografia històrica del  relleu de la Ciutat de Mallorca ?ara Palma? entre els segles XVI i XIX. Comença el 1596 amb una planimetria absolutament indiferenciada on s’anota el curs de sa Riera que separa la vila d’Amunt de la vila d’Avall amb els ponts successius. Un cop desviat el curs fluvial (1613), la distinció entre les dues meitats de la ciutat aprofita una faixa ombrejada que introdueix l’enginyer militar Jeroni Cànoves (1726 ca.) i és reproduïda pels cartògrafs de l’òrbita de Pròsper Verboom. La primera planimetria amb isohipses es deu a l’enginyer militar anglès-mallorquí, Leopold Scheidnagel (1871) que, malgrat actuar a les ordres del coronel Ibáñez de Ibero, contradiu el sistema mètric decimal, adoptat el 1864.
Nuevos enfoques sobre la transferencia de conocimiento en Educación. Reseña de Santos Rego, Miguel A. (Ed). (2020). La transferencia de conocimiento en Educación. Un desafío estratégico. Madrid: Narcea.
Authors: García-Aracil Adela
Published: February 2021

Reseña de Santos Rego, Miguel A. (Ed). (2020). La transferencia de conocimiento en Educación. Un desafío estratégico. Madrid: Narcea.
25 años de la presencia de Paulo Freire en tierras valencianas...De la esperanza a la espera
Authors: Veiga Gómez José A.
Published: February 2021

Se ofrece un estudio que permite contextualizar la conferencia que impartió Paulo Freire en Valencia en marzo de 1995, hace veinticinco años. Se realiza una aproximación a algunos de los hechos mediante una historia de vida elaborada a partir de experiencia vivida como director del seminario junto a las personas ponentes en esas jornadas de trabajo y con la suma de la importante documentación existente: programas, textos, fotografías, agendas, anotaciones, copias de escritos oficiales y oficiosos... Freire pronunció su conferencia dentro de un seminario que tuvo un gran éxito, al que se inscribieron más de 700 personas y que supuso un acontecimiento de primer orden en la historia educativa valenciana.
The study offered contextualize the conference given by Paulo Freire in Valencia in March 1995, twenty-five years ago. An approach is made to some of the facts by means of a life story elaborated from the experience lived as director of the seminar together with the speakers in those days of work and with the sum of the important existing documentation: programs, texts, photographs, agendas, notes, copies of official and unofficial writings... Freire gave his lecture as part of a very successful seminar, which was registered by more than 700 people and was a first-rate event in the history of education in Valencia.
Freirismo, desigualdad social y educativa
Authors: Hernàndez Francesc J.
Published: February 2021

Este artículo pretende dar respuesta a las siguientes cuestiones: ¿Por qué el presidente de Brasil, J. Bolsonaro, criticó la presencia de freiristas en la universidad? ¿Qué enuncia el freirismo que merezca el reproche de la primera autoridad de la república?¿Por qué sobrevive el freirismo? Para ello, se elabora un argumento genera, a partir de pruebas matemáticas, que pone el acento en la vigencia y en la centralidad de la desigualdad educativa, que Freire ya había desvelado y denunciado en la expresión de “pedagogía del oprimido”.
This article seeks to answer the following questions: Why did the president of Brazil, J. Bolsonaro, criticize the presence of Freiristas in the university? What does Freirismo say that deserves the reproach of the first authority of the republic? Why does Freirismo survive? To this end, an argument is developed, based on mathematical proof, that emphasizes the validity and centrality of educational inequality, which Freire had already revealed and denounced in the expression “pedagogy of the oppressed”.
La última conversación con Paulo Freire
Authors: Torres Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2021

La última conversación con Paulo Freire
Breaking female stereotypes: Bianca Pitzorno’s girls and the power of literature on gender socialization
Authors: Forni Dalila
Published: February 2021

Bianca Pitzorno is one of Italy’s most famous children’s writers. Her works – more than forty books translated into different languages – often address topics linked to gender identity and femininity. Pitzorno’s novels for children usually depict non-canonical female characters: rebel, dynamic and intelligent young girls that fight against adult injustice in order to affirm their agency.
The paper aims to explore female portrayals in Pitzorno’s novels and their potential educational impact in reconsidering gender stereotypes and roles from an early age. Literature is one of the most influential tools in the construction of gender ideals and gender socialization. Consequently, positive female models – as Pitzorno’s characters – should be offered to young readers from an early age in order to foster an inclusive collective imagination about femininity.
For instance, Extraterrestre alla pari [Aliens on par] (1979) directly focuses on gender issues telling the story of a young alien coming from a planet where young boys and girls do not know their sex until they reach adulthood. For this reason, they are considered as gender-neutral beings. Likewise, L’incredibile storia di Lavinia [Lavinia and the magic ring] (1985) ironically retells Hans Christian Andersen’s The Little Match Girl working on humor and female agency. Finally, Principessa Laurentina [Princess Laurentina] (1990) deals with adolescence and family dynamics, offering different portrayals of female identity, from a young age to adulthood.
Because of the brilliant and nontraditional depiction of female figures and the deconstruction of gender canon in a simple but captivating way, Pitzorno’s novels should be internationally considered in primary school curriculums as a starting point to introduce gender diversity in reading programs and to discuss gender issues with the help of adult figures such as teachers, educators and parents.
De bosques, sueños, galaxias y mares: poemas y narrativas para niños y adolescentes
Authors: Hidalgo de Jesús Amarilis
Published: February 2021

Hablar de literatura infantil y juvenil en Latinoamérica es hablar de la historia del mestizaje, la geografía y la cultura de nuestras naciones. Las fronteras culturales latinoamericanas, con distintivos rasgos geográficos, han dado pie a la creación de una literatura para niños y una literatura juvenil permeada por la riqueza lingüística e histórica de nuestras naciones; la que, inclusive, ha llegado hasta la creación de espacios siderales en los cuales los niños puedan soñar. Latinoamérica no puede ni debe ser vista como un conglomerado homogéneo de naciones, puesto que la diversidad lingüística y cultural de los países que la conforman va mucho más allá de la idea generalizadora que se ha creado de estas naciones. Todo este conjunto de naciones heterogéneas ha creado una literatura infantil que, si bien se ha arraigado en las culturas regionales latinoamericanas, también se ha universalizado.  Por ende, no es de extrañar que en la literatura infantil se destaquen una serie de temas, que no solo se adhieren a distintos aspectos regionales, sino que asimismo se mezclan con elementos temáticos que son también parte de literaturas infantiles y juveniles mundiales. Todos estos temas son parte fundamental de los poemas y cuentos que se estudian en este trabajo, cuyas temáticas giran en torno a las imágenes de la fauna y la flora latinoamericana y viajes intergalácticos. Asimismo, los temas se interrelacionan con tópicos contemporáneos, como la sexualidad, la marginación, la destrucción del ambiente y el acoso personal; temas no muy tratados en la literatura para niños latinoamericana.
L’abito immaginato. Abbigliamento e identità nell’albo illustrato moderno
Authors: Pazzini Claudia
Published: February 2021

The essay focuses on the examination of a selection of children’s picture books on the theme of clothing as an element of identity and as a means of personal and social transformation. The gender stereotype has always deprived children of the freedom to imagine themselves different from the imposed social model. Modern quality literature aims to free childhood from these constraints through stories that encourage the free expression of one's personality. "Clothing and childhood" is one of the binomial in which these themes appear most evident. While developing different plots, each selected book tells a story enriched by several levels of reading, more or less evident, and this is also due to particularly accurate illustrations, capable of adding further nuances to the text. Furthermore, even if characterized by the symbolic presence of clothes,  these picture books do not make them the narrative fulcrum. In each of these case studies, clothing becomes a pretext for a journey of self-discovery and affirmation of one's individuality in the world. These case studies are a concrete example of the potential of the picture book as a vehicle of complex concepts and stratifications of complementary or parallel meanings that emerge from the dynamic relationship of the text with the image. Each double page opens multiple, free interpretative paths that can be taken at each reading, as the eye catches new aspects and the thought opens up to new discoveries. The imaginary dress is therefore one of the many parallel topics that it was possible to address through these books, with which the possible interpretations of clothing in children's literature have been explored, highlighting above all how much garments are objects charged with metasignification or with projections of a identity in formation such as the one of children.
Socio-cultural Positioning of Age Identities in Picturebooks
Authors: Murray Johari
Published: February 2021

This study explores literal and metaphorical narrations of age by looking closely at two picturebooks published at the turn of the twenty-first century. The evolutionary Western understanding of the child, childhood and children’s literature is briefly periodized as a tension between pragmatic and philosophical concerns. Representations of age are taken to be embedded in socio-cultural positions that implicate historical periods, geographic locations, and economic structures. Ethnicity and gender are similarly discussed as immanent features. Age is presented as much a biological phenomenon as a performative social act of a given culture. The ideas, feelings and events depicted in each picturebook are approached from a structuralist and a postmodernist perspective with the aim of providing a complementary analysis of child representations in alignment with the adult presence, and not necessarily through the lens of aetonomativity. My analysis points to possible applications of the design of age narrations to current and future literacies.
Chasing Remarkable Lives: a Problematization of Empowerment Stories for Girls
Authors: Garcia-Gonzalez Macarena
Published: February 2021

This article explores the question of how to assess children’s literature as feminist. Drawing upon a revision of the concept of postfeminism as a gendered neoliberalism that cultivates the ‘right’ disposition for succeeding in a neoliberal society, I bring together two possible objects of study upon which I outline some problematic aspects. I begin by focusing on a publishing phenomenon of the last few years: the biography compilations, such as the crowdfunded Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls, that, in a more or less explicit manner, aim to provide younger generations with new repertoires of gendered agencies. Then I analyze two picturebooks that have been recommended by reading promotion agencies and praised for their anti-sexist values: Tirititesa and La bella Griselda. In both these picturebooks, we find two protagonists tran sgressing gender norms and heteronormative ideals of romantic love. Yet, I argue that they reproduce systems of exclusions that are quite problematic if read from feminist intersectionality. The texts analyzed  are modeled by a postfeminist sensibility in which a celebratory “girl power” is put forward, while obscuring how (gendered) exclusions work.
Single molecule microscopy reveals key physical features of repair foci in living cells
Authors: Miné-Hattab Judith , Heltberg Mathias , Villemeur Marie , Guedj Chloé , Mora Thierry , Walczak Aleksandra M , Dahan Maxime , Taddei Angela
Published: February 2021

In response to double strand breaks (DSB), repair proteins accumulate at damaged sites, forming membrane-less sub-compartments or foci. Here we explored the physical nature of these foci, using single molecule microscopy in living cells. Rad52, the functional homolog of BRCA2 in yeast, accumulates at DSB sites and diffuses ~6 times faster within repair foci than the focus itself, exhibiting confined motion. The Rad52 confinement radius coincides with the focus size: foci resulting from 2 DSBs are twice larger in volume that the ones induced by a unique DSB and the Rad52 confinement radius scales accordingly. In contrast, molecules of the single strand binding protein Rfa1 follow anomalous diffusion similar to the focus itself or damaged chromatin. We conclude that while most Rfa1 molecules are bound to the ssDNA, Rad52 molecules are free to explore the entire focus reflecting the existence of a liquid droplet around damaged DNA.
The relationship between (sub)tropical climates and the incidence of COVID-19
Authors: Prata David , Rodrigues Waldecy , De Souza Bermejo Paulo Henrique , Moreira Marina , Camargo Wainesten , Lisboa Marcelo , Rossone Reis Geovane , de Araujo Humberto Xavier
Published: February 2021

This work explores (non)linear associations between relative humidity and temperature and the incidence of COVID-19 among 27 Brazilian state capital cities in (sub)tropical climates, measured daily from summer through winter. Previous works analyses have shown that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, finds stability by striking a certain balance between relative humidity and temperature, which indicates the possibility of surface contact transmission. The question remains whether seasonal changes associated with climatic fluctuations might actively influence virus survival. Correlations between climatic variables and infectivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 were applied by the use of a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and the Locally Estimated Scatterplot Smoothing LOESS nonparametric model. Tropical climates allow for more frequent outdoor human interaction, making such areas ideal for studies on the natural transmission of the virus. Outcomes revealed an inverse relationship between subtropical and tropical climates for the spread of the novel coronavirus and temperature, suggesting a sensitivity behavior to climates zones. Each 1 °C rise of the daily temperature mean correlated with a −11.76% (t = −5.71, p < 0.0001) decrease and a 5.66% (t = 5.68, p < 0.0001) increase in the incidence of COVID-19 for subtropical and tropical climates, respectively.
Jasmonic acid biosynthesis by fungi: derivatives, first evidence on biochemical pathways and culture conditions for production
Authors: Eng Felipe , Marin Jorge Erick , Zienkiewicz Krzysztof , Gutiérrez-Rojas Mariano , Favela-Torres Ernesto , Feussner Ivo
Published: February 2021

Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives called jasmonates (JAs) are lipid-derived signalling molecules that are produced by plants and certain fungi. Beside this function, JAs have a great variety of applications in flavours and fragrances production. In addition, they may have a high potential in agriculture. JAs protect plants against infections. Although there is much information on the biosynthesis and function of JA concerning plants, knowledge on these aspects is still scarce for fungi. Taking into account the practical importance of JAs, the objective of this review is to summarize knowledge on the occurrence of JAs from fungal culture media, their biosynthetic pathways and the culture conditions for optimal JA production as an alternative source for the production of these valuable metabolites.
Микробиом человека: особенности использования данных секвенирования из открытых источников, "Природа"
Authors: Никитин М.С. , Захаревич Н.В. , Ковтун А.С. , Артамонова И.И.
Published: February 2021

Как известно, микроорганизмы, населяющие тело человека, влияют на здоровье хозяина, поэтому их исследования чрезвычайно важны и перспективны. Современные методы секвенирования позволяют исследовать микробиом напрямую, т.е. минуя стадию культивирования микроорганизмов. Ставя перед собой научную задачу сравнительной характеристики микробиома больных и здоровых людей или предсказания ответа на существенное изменение диеты и применение пероральной терапии, стоит ли сразу начинать искать финансовые средства, необходимые для полногеномного анализа микробиомных проб Открытые источники уже предлагают доступ к огромному массиву данных микробиомного секвенирования, полученных за последнее десятилетие. Но приемлемы ли эти данные для независимого исследования практических характеристик микробиома
Игра в карты, или Почему чесночница Палласа не идет на восток, "Природа"
Authors: Берман Д.И. , Алфимов А.В. , Булахова Н.А.
Published: February 2021

Вскрыты причины, препятствующие восточно-европейской амфибии — чесночнице Палласа (Pelobates vespertinus) — продвинуться в Азию далее долины Тобола. Она зарывается осенью в землю и тем избегает непереносимые ею отрицательные температуры зимовки. Меридиональных географических рубежей на восточной окраине ареала неизвестно. На карты нанесены средние многолетние температуры грунтов за самый холодный месяц на глубинах 80, 120, 160 и 240 см по данным 390 метеостанций, построены изотермы, с которыми сравнивали абрис границ распространения чесночницы. Глубина положения изотермы 0°C увеличивается от 80 см в Европе до более 160 см — на юго-западе Западной Сибири и в Казахстане, и с ней отчетливо совпадает восточный край ареала. Последующий рост температур с глубиной мал, и на 240 см они приближаются лишь к 2°C, тогда как для проявления активности чесночницы нужно, как считается, 3–4°C. Совокупный эффект выражается в виде «закопанного рубежа», препятствующего распространению этой амфибии. Описанный феномен может быть полезен как пример формирования границ ареалов при смене условий не на поверхности, а глубоко в грунтах.
Следствия столкновения, породившего Луну: эволюция осколков на орбитах Солнечной системы, "Природа"
Authors: Бялко А.В. , Кузьмин М.И.
Published: February 2021

Мы продолжаем описание осколков образования Луны, которые после Гигантского столкновения оказались на орбитах Солнечной системы. В предыдущей статье мы рассмотрели их траектории, теперь речь пойдет об эволюции осколков. В результате радиационного охлаждения температуры их поверхности быстро снижаются до уровня, допускающего конденсацию паров воды. При многократных пролетах осколков через ту точку Солнечной системы, где произошло Гигантское столкновение, происходят их столкновения между собой, которые вызывают сублимацию льда и локальный разогрев. Эти процессы, возможно, ответственны за формирование тех грануляционных структур, которые наблюдаются у хондритов.
Лауреаты Нобелевской премии 2020 года. По физиологии или медицине — Харви Алтер, Майкл Хаутон, Чарльз Райс, "Природа"
Authors: Иванов А.В.
Published: February 2021

Нобелевская премия 2020 г. по физиологии или медицине присуждена трем ученым: Харвей Алтеру, Майклу Хаутону и Чарльзу Райсу «за открытие вируса гепатита С». Это решение отметило важность открытия и исследования опасного и распространенного патогена человека, которые привели к созданию высокоэффективных лекарственных препаратов, излечивающих заболевание почти у всех пациентов.
О ПРИРОДЕ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ ВОЛН В ОКЕАНЕ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Чаликов Д.В.
Published: February 2021

Одномерная конформная и трёхмерная фазоразрешающие численные модели использованы для исследования природы экстремальных волн в океане. Расчёты с конформной моделью проведены на период равный 7120 периодов волны пика. Небольшие потери энергии, возникающие за счёт её перехода в подсеточную область, компенсируется интегральным притоком энергии, так что полная энергия сохраняется с точностью до 4-х знаков. Рассчитаны вероятности полной высоты волны от подошвы до пика, а также возвышения от среднего уровня. Оценивается неопределённость (дисперсия) вероятности. Подтверждено, что вероятность полной высоты волны равной двум высотам характерной волны приблизительно соответствует высоте от среднего уровне равной 1.2. Экстремальные волны появляются случайным образом в виде групп, разделенных большими интервалами времени. Гипотеза, предполагающая, что экстремальные волны возникают как суперпозиция пиков нескольких мод в окрестности преобладающей волны, оказывается неверной. Специальным анализом распределения фаз доказано, что высота волны не коррелирует с плотностью концентрации фаз (представленной как сумма высот мод в окрестности пика доминантной волны). Вероятность высот больших волн монотонна по высоте. Это позволяет предположить, что возникновение больших волн является естественным свойством нелинейного волнового поля и такие волны представляют собой типичное, хотя и сравнительно редкое явление. Спектр волнового поля, состоящего из небольшого числа мод, может отражать присутствие экстремальной волны, но этот эффект полностью исчезает, когда длина такой волны значительно меньше, чем размеры области. Для Фурье аппроксимации экстремальной волны требуется много мод, как для аппроксимации импульсной функции. Быстрый рост экстремальной волны выглядит как фокусировка энергии в волне, сопровождающаяся концентрацией энергии в окрестности волнового пика. Можно предположить, что экстремальные волны близки по природе к бризерам.
СРАВНЕНИЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ, ВЫПОЛНЕННЫХ В БАРЕНЦЕВОМ МОРЕ, С ДАННЫМИ ИЗ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ОКЕАНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БАЗ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Зимин А.В. , Атаджанова О.А. , Коник А. А. , Гордеева С.М.
Published: February 2021

Приведены результаты количественного сравнения полей температуры и солености, полученные по результатам океанографических судовых измерений, с данными из глобальных океанологических баз. Измерения выполнялись на полигоне с регулярным расположением океанографических станций в юго-западной части Баренцева моря с 29.10.2018 по 02.11.2018 г. в рамках 74-го рейса на НИС «Академик Мстислав Келдыш». Для сравнения привлекались продукты MERCATOR PSY4QV3R1, CMEMS GLORYS12v1, World Ocean Atlas 2013, GHRSST OSTIA и данные Suomi NNP VIIRS на горизонтах от 0 до 100 метров. Проводились сравнения по средним и дисперсиям; относительно данных наблюдений оценивались: аномалия, пространственная корреляция и функция расхождения; для выбранных изолиний рассчитывалось модифицированное расстояние Хаусдорфа. Сравнения результатов судовых наблюдений и продуктов показали, что в последних отсутствуют наборы данных, достоверно описывающие термохалинные характеристики всей водной толщи на акватории Баренцева моря в осенний период времени. Основные различия проявляются в описании распределения температуры, а поля солености воспроизводятся в целом лучше. Наилучшее соответствие результатам измерений отмечено у продукта GHRSST OSTIA, описывающего только поверхностную температуру океана. Проведенный анализ свидетельствует о том, что при описании изменчивости гидрологических условий в арктических морях еще рано полностью опираться на данные глобальных продуктов, несмотря на их пространственный охват и регулярность обновления.
РАЗЛОЖЕНИЕ ГАЗОВЫХ ГИДРАТОВ В ОСАДОЧНОМ ЧЕХЛЕ ОЗЕРА БАЙКАЛ, ВЫЗВАННОЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЕМ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ЕГО ВОДЫ В ГОЛОЦЕНЕ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Гольмшток А.Я.
Published: February 2021

Исследуется изменение термобарического режима слоя гидратсодержащих отложений, вызванное повышением температуры придонной воды в озере Байкал в эпоху голоцена. Исследование выполняется путем решения задачи о фазовом переходе гидрат метана — метан-газ + вода. Показано, что газ, выделяющийся при диссоциации гидратов метана в пористой среде, чья исходная проницаемость типична для верхних слоев осадочного чехла на озере Байкале, не создает аномально высокого давления и успевает эффективно отфильтровываться из зоны разложения. В этом случае задача о фазовом переходе становится чисто тепловой. Ее численное решение позволяет легко оценивать смещения фазовой границы при повышении температуры воды в озере, а следовательно, и массу свободного газа, выделившегося при этом из гидрата. Результаты такого решения с использованием данных о глубине озера и мощности гидратсодержащего слоя во многих пунктах Южной и Центральной впадин озера показали, что величина удельной массы выделившегося газа, приходящейся на единичную площадь озера, изменяется от примерно 50 до 110 кг/м. Минимальные значения соответствуют максимальным как глубинам озера, так и мощностям гидратсодержащего слоя. Максимальные значения, напротив, соответствуют участкам с минимально возможными глубинами озера при минимальных там мощностях слоя с гидратами. Построены карты распределения таких масс. Общее количество метана, выделившегося в голоцене в осадках озера из газогидратов, оценивается приблизительно в 500 млн т (примерно 800 млрд м при нормальных условиях на поверхности). Это значение получено путем интегрирования вычисленных масс по площади двух областей в Южной и Центральной впадинах и последующей экстраполяции результатов на всю акваторию этих впадин (в осадках Северной впадины газогидраты отсутствуют).
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ТЕЧЕНИЯ НОВОЙ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ С ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Эргешов А.Э. , Ovsyankina E.S. , Губкина М.Ф. , Петракова И.Ю. , Панова Л.В. , Хитева А.Ю. , Крушинская E.A.
Published: February 2021

В статье проведен анализ диагностики и течения новой коронавирусной инфекции у 53 детей и подростков, находившихся в клинике с туберкулезом (ТБ) органов дыхания. Установлено, что инфекция быстро распространяется в замкнутом коллективе – 86,8% заболевших. В то же время у большей части пациентов (41 – 89,1%) наблюдалось бессимптомное или легкое течение заболевания. Клинические симптомы не отличались от таковых при других респираторных вирусных инфекциях, что не позволяло заподозрить коронавирусную инфекцию. Для диагностики COVID-19 в замкнутом коллективе при подозрении на инфекцию важно проводить всем пациентам исследование мазков на РНК SARS-CoV-2 и крови на наличие специфических IgG антител к SARS-CoV-2 после снятия карантина, так как по наличию РНК SARS-CoV-2 в мазках из зева и носа диагноз был установлен в 45,7% случаев, у остальных пациентов (54,3%) судить о перенесенной инфекции можно было только после выявления в крови повышенного уровня специфических IgG к SARS-CoV-2. Случаи среднетяжелого течения заболевания (10,9%) диагностированы при обнаружении характерных для вирусного поражения изменений в легких на КТ ОГК при плановом обследовании пациентов в период карантина и не сопровождались клинической картиной вирусной инфекции, или отмечены минимальные ее проявления без нарушения общего состояния пациентов. Новая коронавирусная инфекция не повлияла на течение туберкулезного процесса, ни в одном случае не было отмечено прогрессирования ТБ, не было оснований для продления основного курса лечения. В целом, коинфекция протекала без взаимного отягощения заболеваний.
Investigation of Groundwater Contamination from Septic Tank Siting in Umungasi/Abayi, Abia State
Authors: Nkem K. O. , Eze C. L. , Ini I. U.
Published: February 2021

The investigation of groundwater contamination from septic tank siting was done in Umungasi/Abayi, Abia State. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of siting septic systems on the quality of groundwater in Umungasi, Abayi, Aba. Twenty (20) water samples were randomly collected from boreholes located less than 30 m away from septic systems in Umungasi, Abayi Aba, Nigeria to determine their physico-chemical and heavy metals characteristics. While three (3) water samples at distances ranging from 60 m from the nearest septic system were sampled for analyses as controls. Standard analytical techniques were employed in the investigation. The result showed that most of the physicochemical parameters analysed in the borehole water samples were within the WHO/SON/NAFDAC recommended limits except for pH in BH4 and BH7 which had values of 6.3 respectively and were not within the WHO/SON/NAFDAC standard limit of 6.5-8.5. Some of the heavy metals analysed during the period of study were within the permissible limits except for iron in BH5 (0.443 mg/L), BH7 (0.367 mg/L), BH8 (0.511 mg/L), BH9 (0.31 mg/L), BH15 (0.41 mg/L), BH16 (0.327 mg/L), BH17 (0.337 mg/L) and BH18 (0.315 mg/L) that were above the permissible limits of WHO standards of 0.3 mg/l. There was no influence of septic tank siting to the boreholes on groundwater quality during the period of study even though the distance of septic tanks from boreholes in the areas investigated did not conform with that recommended by WHO of 30 – 40 m. The contamination is from the general unhygienic condition of the environment.
The Impact of Academic Procrastination, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation on Academic Performance: Among Undergraduates in Non-State Universities in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rajapakshe Wasantha
Published: February 2021

The aim of this research study is to identify the relationship between Academic Procrastination, with students’ personality traits such as self-efficacy and motivation to determine the impact on academic performance among undergraduates in non-state universities in Sri Lanka. Data obtained from 381 students from three non-state universities in Sri Lanka were selected through Simple Random Sampling. Structural Equation Model was adopted to determine relationship between self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance mediating with academic procrastination. The findings revealed that Academic Procrastination is a mediator between self-efficacy and motivation and has a direct impact on academic performance.  Moreover, the results revealed that self-efficacy and motivation do not have a direct impact on academic performance.
Efficacy of Probiotics and Bioflocs on the Production Performance of Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon and Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei during Polyculture Operation
Authors: Sirisha K. , Aparna Y. , Reddy M. Srinivasulu
Published: February 2021

Shrimp culture has been developed during the last three decades and the production of farmed shrimp reached its peak. However, the shrimp production was decreased all over the World including in Asian Countries because of the mass mortality due to the outbreak of several diseases predominantly White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) which caused extensive economic damage to the shrimp culture industry. Various Polyculture technologies of shrimp with shellfish, finfish or seaweeds have been implemented to reduce economic damages by mass mortality of shrimp. The present study was conducted with Tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon and Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei through Polyculture operation to determine optimum stocking ratios for induction of best performance and highest production rates. Initially, the experiments were conducted with different ratios and combinations of stocking densities 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 ratios of Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei with control group feed with commercial feed, the other group certain Probiotic bacteria such as Bacillus licheniformis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus added in feed, the third group both the Probiotic bacteria and the addition of external Carbon source from sugarcane molasses in the form of Bioflocs for 100 days. To ascertain further interaction of ratios influence, 20:10, 20:12, 20:15 ratios of stocking and Monoculture experiments were conducted. In both the experiments the Survival rate, Final body weights, Weight Gain, Feed conversion ratio, Specific growth rates, Average daily growth rates, Protein efficiency ratio, and Productivity rates were significantly different (P<0.05) in all the different treatments both for P. monodon and L. vannamei. From the results obtained 20:10 ratio of P. monodon and L. vannamei was considered as the best ratio of stocking, which yielded the highest production rates in all the Control, Probiotic added and both Probiotic & Biofloc added groups. The results obtained in the present study clearly demonstrate that the rearing of taxonomically similar species with optimum stocking ratios seems to improve the efficiency of shrimp farming and substantially increasing the production rates. So, this polyculture of P. monodon and L. vannamei can be considered as an alternative approach towards the establishment of sustainable shrimp farming activity which will yield good economic returns.
Neurodegenerative Observations on the Cerebral Cortex of Adult Wistar Rats Following Mercury Chloride Induced Cortical Damage in Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Ajibade A. J. , Fakunle P. B. , Owolabi T. S.
Published: February 2021

Background: Mercury is a widespread environmental and industrial pollutant that is used in food preservation, cosmetics, pharmaceutical companies and laboratories. The aim of this present study was to investigate the possible effects of mercury chloride (HgCl2) exposure on the cerebral cortex of adult wista rats; and also to evaluate the effects of mercury on biochemical parameters.

Materials and Methods: Thirty six (36) adult wistar rats of both sexes, weighing between 110 g-300 g were randomly divided into four groups A, B, C and D with nine animals per group. The animals in groups B, C, and D were administered mercury chloride orally at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg, 0.4mg and 0.5 mg/kg body weights respectively while group (A) served as control and was given distilled water. The administration lasted for a period of 21 days.  The brain was carefully removed and weigh immediately with sensitive balance, part of it was homogenized for biochemical analysis (MDA, GSH and NO). The remaining part was then fixed in 10% formol calcium fluid and processed for histopathological studies using H and E stains.

Results: The results revealed a decrease in animal body weights from all the groups in comparison with the control group (A) which showed an insignificant decrease (P>0.05), group B showed an insignificant decrease (P>0.05) while group C and D showed statistically significant decrease (P<0.05). The brain weights revealed statistically insignificant decrease in the treated groups when compared with the control group. The biochemical evaluation revealed a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of MDA (Malondialdehyde) in the treated groups when compared with the control group, GSH (Glutathione) revealed statistically significant decrease (P<0.05) in the treated groups and NO (Nitric Oxide) revealed statistically significant increase (P<0.05) in the treated groups as compared to the control group. The histological observation revealed degenerative changes in the cortex of treated groups that were characterized by clustered Pyknotics pyramidal neurons that appear with fragmented cytoplasm and condensed nuclei within soma. Perineural spaces were seen surrounding degenerating neurons. Axons and dendrites are scarcely appreciable around neurons in these groups.

Conclusion:  The findings from this study showed that ingestion of mercury chloride has potentially deleterious effects on brain as shown in the histopathology, cellular loss in the brain of wistar rat.
A Study of Corrosion Combating Efficacy of Leaves and Stem Extract of Naturally Occurring Plants Solanum xanthocarpum and Salvodera persica on Aluminium in 2N HCl Solution
Authors: Manwani Neha , Upadhyay R. K.
Published: February 2021

Weight loss and gasometric methods have been used to study the inhibiting effect of extract of leaves and stem of Solanum xanthocarpum and Salvodera persica on the corrosion of aluminium in 2N HCl solution was evaluated. The results indicated that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased on increasing plant extract concentration. Percentage inhibition efficiencies obtained from weight loss were reasonably in good agreement with those obtained from gasometric method. The analysis of data shows that combating efficacy of Salvodera persica is more than that of solanum xanthocarpum. However leaves extract of Salvodera persica show more combating power than stem extract of salvodera persica.
New Kid on the Block: A First Look at the Clinical Use of Pitolisant for Narcolepsy
Authors: Castelan Andrea Cuamatzi Castelan , Skiba Virginia , Bazan Luisa , Moss Kenneth , Singh Meeta , Drake Christopher , Cheng Philip
Published: February 2021

Aims: Highlight pitolisant as an effective treatment for narcolepsy.

Case Report: We describe two patients treated with pitolisant. Patient A showed decreased daytime sleepiness and improved social functioning. Patient B struggled to find a dose that kept side effects at a minimum.

Discussion: This orphan drug has a unique mechanism of action, that combined with dosing flexibility allows for a treatment option that can better attend to individual differences in patient needs.

Conclusion: The use of pitolisant presents some benefits and challenges, nonetheless offering a promising treatment for narcolepsy.
Frequency of Low Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Rajar Ihsanullah , Aamer Nasrullah , Kumar Narindar , Kumar Prem , Raja Kapeel , Bajwa Muhammad Akram
Published: February 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methodology: This cross sectional study on 151 Liver cirrhotic patients was conducted at Liaquat

University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. This study duration was 6 months, July 2015 to December 2015. The Assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) for each relevant patient was done using ultrasound impedance Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry  (DEXA) by senior pathologist having ≥05 years of experience, across the calcaneum, at lumbar spine  (LS) and femur neck (FN),  were computed by using computer supported device. The BMD was expressed in terms of T score. The WHO standard value was utilized to define the low BMD / osteoporosis is T score -1.5.

Results: The mean age of subjects was 31.32±6.18 years. Out of all, 62.9% were males whereas 37.1% were females. About 21% patients had low/abnormal bone mineral density (BMD). Among these, 17.9% had bone mineral density (BMD) of -1.5 to -2.5 and 4% had BMD of <-2.5. Rest of 78.1% patients had a normal (>-1.5) bone mineral density (BMD). Majority of patients, 63.6% had a CTP grade B of liver cirrhosis, whereas 22.5% had A grade and 13.9% had C grade of liver cirrhosis.

Conclusion: Conclusively, the risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) was evidently high for patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Male gender and age above 30 years were found at greater risk and CTP grade B of cirrhosis was most common.
Sustainability of Fiscal Policy in Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa: An Analysis Based on Panel Data
Authors: Simo Guy Noel Piam
Published: February 2021

The objective of this paper is to study the long-term sustainability of fiscal policies in CEMAC, following the pioneering approach of Hamilton and Flavin [10]. Over the period from 1992 to 2012, first and second generation panel stationarity tests suggest that total public expenditures, total revenues, the primary budget balance and public debt are stationary. As a result, fiscal policies are sustainable in the long run within the area. There is a unidirectional causality between government revenues and expenditures. Decisions to increase expenditures are made on the basis of the availability of revenues.
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM MEMPREDIKSI KUAT TEKAN BETON
Authors: Christiono Nico , Prayogo Doddy
Published: February 2021

Today, concrete quality prediction can be performed with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) to solve existing problems. However, determining the best AI method for predicting concrete compressive strength remains an open question. Therefore, this research evaluates the most accurate AI modeling for predicting various kinds of concrete mixtures. AI methods used in this study are artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), classification and regression trees (CART), and linear regression (LR). Furthermore, these four AI methods are run with several parameters and tested with 4 different kinds of concrete dataset. Four error indicators and 1 normalization indicator are used to evaluate AI and determine the best AI method. From the Obtained results, indicate that ANN has the best performance when compared with 3 other AI methods. It can be seen that from  ANN produced smaller error values when compared to the other three AI methods.
THE EFFECT OF JOB PERFORMANCE THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, WORK ENVIRONMENT, PERSONALITY, AND MOTIVATION
Authors: Virgana Virgana
Published: February 2021

The dominant factor to achieve a school's competitiveness is the performance of headmasters. This study aimed to determine the direct and indirect influence of organizational culture, work environment, personality, and motivation on the performance of principal of state senior high schools.  Research samples were 310 principals of state schools in Jakarta. Data analysis used a path analysis of which requirements were the test of normality, homogeneity, and linearity. The results of the research there were direct influence exogenous variables on endogenous, and there was indirect influence of personality through motivation on the job performance. Increased job performance could be done by coaching the headmaster about the culture, environment, and personality
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION ON SMEs PERFORMANCE IN GHANA: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND GOVERNMENT SUPPORT POLICIES
Authors: Zaato Solomon Gbene , Ismail Mohammad , Uthamaputhran Sathiswaran , Owusu-Ansah Wilberforce
Published: February 2021

The primary purpose of this study was to propose a conceptual framework on the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on SMEs performance in Ghana: The role of social capital (SC) and government support policies (GSPs). The study re­viewed existing literature pertaining the five dimensions of EO and used measures of SC, and GSPs in relation to SMEs performance in Ghana. This study would be anchored on two theories thus the resource-based view and the social capital theories stressing the need for SMEs to focus more on their unique resources that existed with­in their social network relations. The study would further provide new insight to prac­titioners to understand and appreciate the role of SC and GSPs on SMEs performance
Pleiotrophin interacts with glycosaminoglycans in a highly flexible and adaptable manner
Authors: Ryan Eathen , Shen Di , Wang Xu
Published: February 2021

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a potent mitogenic cytokine whose activities are controlled by its interactions with glycosaminoglycan (GAG). We examined the specificity of PTN for several types of GAG oligosaccharides. Our data indicate that the interaction of PTN with GAGs is dependent on the sulfation density of GAGs. Surprisingly, an acidic peptide also had similar interactions with PTN as GAGs. This shows that the interaction of PTN with anionic polymers is flexible and adaptable and that the charge density is the main determinant of the interaction. In addition, we show that PTN can compensate for the loss of its termini in interactions with heparin oligosaccharides, allowing it to maintain its affinity for GAGs in the absence of the termini. Taken together, these data provide valuable insight into the interactions of PTN with its proteoglycan receptors.
Artificial intelligence in cancer research: learning at different levels of data granularity
Authors: Cirillo Davide , Núñez‐Carpintero Iker , Valencia Alfonso
Published: February 2021

From genome‐scale experimental studies to imaging data, behavioral footprints, and longitudinal healthcare records, the convergence of big data in cancer research and the advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is paving the way to develop a systems view of cancer. Nevertheless, this biomedical area is largely characterized by the co‐existence of big data and small data resources, highlighting the need for a deeper investigation about the crosstalk between different levels of data granularity, including varied sample sizes, labels, data types, and other data descriptors. This review introduces the current challenges, limitations, and solutions of AI in the heterogeneous landscape of data granularity in cancer research. Such a variety of cancer molecular and clinical data calls for advancing the interoperability among AI approaches, with particular emphasis on the synergy between discriminative and generative models that we discuss in this work with several examples of techniques and applications.