bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semântica de Frames e tradução: um estudo da equivalência de tradução de termos culturalmente marcados
Authors: Bertoldi Anderson
Published: August 2016

Este artigo discute a equivalência de tradução de termos culturalmente marcados sob o viés da Semântica de Frames. Os termos culturalmente marcados, também chamados de marcadores culturais na literatura dos Estudos de Tradução, causam dificuldades aos tradutores devido à falta de um equivalente na língua para a qual a tradução está sendo realizada. Para investigar a equivalência de tradução desses termos, foram selecionados na obra Casa-grande & senzala, de Gilberto Freyre, termos relacionados à estrutura escravocrata da produção açucareira, como senzala, casa-grande, engenho e senhor de engenho, e comparados com os equivalentes de tradução da versão em inglês, The master and the slaves. A metodologia deste trabalho seguiu os princípios da Linguística de corpus. Os textos foram digitalizados, manualmente corrigidos e alinhados com ferramentas de gerenciamento de corpora eletrônicos. Os resultados observados sugerem que a tradução de termos culturalmente marcados se dá por meio de empréstimos interculturais de estruturas conceptuais, que neste trabalho são chamadas de frames semânticos.
As palavras-chave tiempo/tempo: um estudo empírico-descritivo em corpus literário traduzido
Authors: Novodvorski Ariel
Published: August 2016

Este trabalho está inserido nos Estudos da Tradução baseados em Corpus (ETBC) e, em especial, nos estudos sobre Estilo em Tradução, entendido como atributo textual, na análise de um corpus paralelo de textos literários, no par linguístico espanhol/português. O estudo aborda a identificação das palavras-chave do corpus e, particularmente, a análise dos itens tiempo/tempo. O corpus de estudo está formado por três obras do autor argentino Ernesto Sabato, traduzidas ao português brasileiro por Sérgio Molina. Os procedimentos metodológicos usam subsídios da Linguística de Corpus, especialmente a utilização de ferramentas e utilitários do programa para análise lexical WordSimth Tools, 5.0 (SCOTT, 2008). A partir das semelhanças e diferenças analisadas, foram constatadas mudanças no ponto de vista narrativo, com implicações sobre a representação mental dos leitores nos textos traduzidos.
Production rate and cost comparison of ceramic block solar desalination unit (CBSDU) with basin type solar still (BSS)
Authors: Islam Md Hamidul , Bari Quazi Hamidul , Islam Md Shafiqul
Published: August 2016

Distilled water for drinking purposes is vital especially in semi or arid countries where surface water is limited and groundwater is saline. The ceramic block solar desalination unit (CBSDU) is significant for single household in developing countries like Bangladesh. The aims of this study are to monitor daily production and cost compared with basin type solar still (BSS). The materials and installation cost of the ceramic block solar unit was estimated Tk.40 per solar desalination unit. The field experiment was carried out on the roof top of the civil engineering building, KUET from 24th February to 11th June, 2012. The CBSDU was installed perpendicular to the surface, from 2 feet above the surface, on a concrete base. The collection bottle was put under the concrete base. The distilled water was collected every day at least two hours after sunset. The average production was found 4.26 lit/m2/day. The CBSDU offers 12% less cost than BSS. Single household can easily use CBSDU for their drinking water in coastal belt of Bangladesh.
New K–AR ages of tchabal mbabo alkaline volcano massif, Cameroon volcanic line and adamawa plateau (central Africa)
Authors: Aminatou Fagny Mefire , Oumarou Faarouk Nkouandou , Robert Temdjim , Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff , Herve Guillou , Dan Stumbea , Abdelhak Boutaleb
Published: August 2016

Tchabal Mbabo in Central Africa is a voluminous volcano massif composed of alkali lava series. K-Ar geochronology data obtained from three samples of basanite - trachyandesite composition defined at least two volcanic activities. The first at end Eocene (38.22 ± 0.80 Ma) and the second during Oligocene (28.88 ± 0.61 and 28.60 ± 0.60Ma). The distribution of different ages along the Cameroon Volcanic Line is difficult to council with any migration of magmatic activity, as previously suggested. The most realistic scenario for the formation of Cameroon Line is that the ascent of lavas has been favored by the crustal discontinuities inherited from the Pan-African orogeny and reactivated during Mesozoic and Cenozoic. ICP MS and ICP AES analyses show that basanite lavas are the result of 2 % melting of sub-lithospheric mantle source containing garnet and phlogopite phases; the trachyandesites are formed by fractional crystallization of K-feldspar, amphibole, clinopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxides.
Acetylcholinesterase activity and oxidative stress indices in cerebellum, cortex and hippocampus of rats exposed to lead and manganese
Authors: Afolabi Olusegun , Sulaiman Oladele , Adeleke Gbadedo , Wusu Dorcas
Published: August 2016

Human exposure to metals is a major health concern in the world as a result of increased industrialization. The present study was designed to investigate the toxic effect of lead and manganese alone and in combination on different regions of rat brain, namely cerebellum, cortex and hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 100 ppm lead as lead acetate, 100 ppm manganese as manganese chloride, and lead and manganese in combination in their drinking water for 4 weeks. Following either lead or manganese exposure, acetylcholinesterase activity and the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were inhibited. Likewise, malonylaldehyde level, a marker of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl groups used to assess oxidatively modified proteins were markedly increased by exposure to either metals. The non-enzymatic antioxidants, reduced glutathione and total thiol groups were significantly (p < 0.05) depleted by these metals. However, these aspects were more pronounced in animals exposed to the mixture of both lead and manganese. The metals displayed additive, as well as, potentiation effect in their interactions in the brain regions. It can thus, be concluded that the mixture of lead and manganese demonstrated a higher neurotoxic effects than does either metals alone.
Contexts for teacher practice: (Re)Considering the role of context in interventions in early childhood teacher engagement with new approaches to shared book reading
Authors: Delaney Katherine K. , Neuman Susan B.
Published: August 2016

Although the randomized controlled trial has been regarded as the sine qua non in recent years, we argue that understanding contexts for teacher practice is a critical factor in the implementation of intervention, but has often been overlooked in educational research design. In this paper, we argue that randomized trials may not be ideal for educational contexts that are multi-faceted, complex and often part of other community-based initiatives. To make this argument, we describe a study from “the context out,” a different lens than is typical in education research. In doing so, we consider how varied contexts create both constraints and affordances for teachers to engage in an intervention. Examining how teachers engage with new curricular practices, we focus closely on five early childhood centers in high poverty neighborhoods, using mixed methods to understand both the influence of the intervention as well as the conditions that either supported or thwarted changes in practice. Our findings suggest that context plays a major role in educational practice, which has important implications for approaches to research in the future. Given this reality, we argue that an understanding of the context in which an intervention takes place must be considered in any calculation of “what works” in classrooms.
Social and political role of ulema in Al-Andalus
Papel social y politico de los ulemas en Al-Andalus
Authors: Şeyban Lütfi
Published: August 2016

The resources containing information about the Islamic scholars including their identity, personal traits, educational background, and educational institutions where they were raised, their own masters and scholars and their disciples are labelled as tabakât or a’lâm books. The records of scholars in Andalusian tabakât books furnish us with detailed information as to the concept of learning and education prevalent in Spain under the influence of Andalusian or Islamic culture in addition to providing invaluable information about the political, social, economic, and especially cultural life at that period.The rich Islamic lifestyle prevalent in the Islamic Spain with all its components is known to have acquired remarkable characteristics thanks to the effect and contribution of cultural components of Iberian Peninsula. The scholars played a great role in the formation of such a diversified and rich social environment in all respects as they did in all other aspects of Andalusian culture. ResumenEn la historia del Islam, las fuentes de las que obtenemos datos sobre la identidad, la personalidad, la vida escolar, los lugares de formación, los tutores y discípulos de los ulemas se denominan libros de tabakát (anales onomásticos biográficos oficiales) o a’lám. Las anotaciones hechas por los ulemas en dichos libros nos ofrecen informaciones concretas sobre la vida intelectual y la educación en Al Ándalus, la España musulmana, además de darnos detalles importantes de la vida política, social, financiera y, especialmente, de la vida cultural de aquella sociedad.Hemos de tener en cuenta el papel que ejercieron los ulemas en todos los ámbitos de la vida andalusí, en todos aquellos asuntos que conciernen íntimamente a los valores, en la vida de las gentes de todas las clases sociales y en la creación de todas las formas y etapas de adquisición de dichos valores.
Adaptation to Turkish of Nurse – Nurse Collaboration Scale
Authors: Çelik Durmuş Serpil , Yıldırım Aytolan
Published: August 2016

Background: Nurse-nurse collaboration increases occupational satisfaction and the health care quality, decreases medical errors. Aim: This research was performed for the adaptation to Turkish of Nurse – Nurse Collaboration Scale to determine the collaboration level between nurses.Methods: The research was planned methodologically (N=496) to test validity and reliability of “Nurse-nurse collaboration scale”. Original scale consists of 35 item and 5 sub-dimensions (problem solving, communication, process sharing, coordination and professionalism). The research was performed in one public, one university and four private hospitals. Content validity, construct validity and internal consistence were used to evaluate scale.Results: Scale's content validity index was 0.98, Cronbach α reliability coefficient was 0.93, α values in sub-dimensions were respectively 0,75, 0,71, 0,80, 0,78 and 0,93. Turkish version of the scale was consisted of 26 items and 5 subscales.Conclusion: It is reported that nurse-nurse collaboration scale is validated and reliable. Nurse-nurse collaboration directly affects the quality of nursing services and nursing occupation.Collaboration is very important for nurses. If collaboration happens job satisfaction will be happen because of quality of care and patient safety increase.
Maximization Network Throughput Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm and Network Coding for Optical Multicast Networks
Authors: Wei Chengying , Xiong Cuilian , Liu Huanlin
Published: August 2016

Maximal multicast stream algorithm based on network coding (NC) can improve the network’s throughput for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks, which however is far less than the network’s maximal throughput in terms of theory. And the existing multicast stream algorithms do not give the information distribution pattern and routing in the meantime. In the paper, an improved genetic algorithm is brought forward to maximize the optical multicast throughput by NC and to determine the multicast stream distribution by hybrid chromosomes construction for multicast with single source and multiple destinations. The proposed hybrid chromosomes are constructed by the binary chromosomes and integer chromosomes, while the binary chromosomes represent optical multicast routing and the integer chromosomes indicate the multicast stream distribution. A fitness function is designed to guarantee that each destination can receive the maximum number of decoding multicast streams. The simulation results showed that the proposed method is far superior over the typical maximal multicast stream algorithms based on NC in terms of network throughput in WDM networks.
Our Soul in Place
Authors: Heßbrüggen-Walter Stefan
Published: August 2016

The majority of Kant scholars has taken it for granted that for Kant the soul is in some sense present in space and that this assumption is by and large unproblematic. If we read Kant’s texts in the context of debates on this topic within 18th century rationalism and beyond, a more complex picture emerges, leading to the somewhat surprising conclusion that Kant in 1770 can best be characterised as a Cartesian about the mind. The paper first develops a framework for describing the various positions on the place of the soul in space as varieties of ‘localism’, since German philosophers of the 18th century all agreed on the fact that the soul is in some sense present in space. Strong localists (Crusius, Knutzen) maintain that the soul occupies a place that cannot at the same time be occupied by a material substance. The Königsberg Wolffian Christian Gabriel Fischer is an ‘epistemic localist’ defending the view that our knowledge about the presence of the soul in space is limited. Bilfinger holds that the soul only represents itself as being present in space, he is a ‘representational localist’. The Cartesians, including Leonhard Euler and his teacher Samuel Werenfels, assume that the soul is effective in a region of space without truly being present there. They are ‘virtual localists’. Kant’s attitude towards this problem before the 1760s is a bit unclear. But his writings in this period are at least compatible with the strong localism defended by Knutzen. In the Herder transcripts (1762-1764) and other texts after 1760, Kant begins to distance himself from this view, but he does not articulate clearly his own position. This trend culminates in Dreams of a Spirit Seer (1766), where Kant oscillates somewhat uneasily between epistemic and virtual localism and criticises explicitly the Cartesian thesis that the soul’s presence in the body is limited to a determinate region. The dissertation from 1770 marks another radical change in Kant’s views on the place of the soul. Here, he subscribes to virtual localism and its concomitant thesis that the soul itself is, properly speaking, nowhere. Together with the thesis that the soul knows that it belongs to the mundus intelligibilis this makes Kant in 1770 a Cartesian about the mind.
Kantian Space, Supersubstantivalism, and the Spirit of Spinoza
Authors: Messina James
Published: August 2016

In the first edition of Concerning the Doctrine of Spinoza in Letters to Mendelssohn, Jacobi claims that Kant’s account of space is “wholly in the spirit of Spinoza”. In the first part of the paper, I argue that Jacobi is correct: Spinoza and Kant have surprisingly similar views regarding the unity of space and the metaphysics of spatial properties and laws. Perhaps even more surprisingly, they both are committed to a form of parallelism. In the second part of the paper, I draw on the results of the first part to explain Kant’s oft-repeated claim that if space were transcendentally real, Spinozism would follow, along with Kant’s reasons for thinking transcendental idealism avoids this nefarious result. In the final part of the paper, I sketch a Spinozistic interpretation of Kant’s account of the relation between the empirical world of bodies and (what one might call) the transcendental world consisting of the transcendental subject’s representations of the empirical world and its parts.
Reason, Induction, and the Humean Objection to Kant
Authors: Busch Kevin R.
Published: August 2016

While Kant does not address the problem of induction often attributed to Hume, he does, by way of a transcendental deduction of an a priori principle of reflecting empirical judgment, address a distinct problem Hume raises indirectly. This problem is that induction cannot be justified so long as it presupposes some empirical concept applying to or some empirical principle true of more than one object in nature, a presupposition neither determined by nor founded on reason. I draw on Hume’s positive account of induction to motivate the following objection to Kant: in so far as induction can be justified, there is reason to doubt that it would be so in virtue of any a priori feature
Empiricism and Rationalism: The Failure of Kant’s Synthesis and its Consequences for German Philosophy around 1800
Authors: Sperber Peter
Published: August 2016

Kant’s synthesis of empiricism and rationalism is often considered to be one of his most important contributions to philosophy. In this article I investigate the reception of this synthesis in the late 1780s and early 1790s. I show that during this early reception Kant’s attempt at a synthesis, and its empiricist side in particular, proved to be a failure when it was confronted with a powerful challenge from the side of Gottlob Ernst Schulze, Salomon Maimon and Karl Leonhard Reinhold. This failure, I argue, resulted in a break within the Kantian movement itself between a rationalist and an empiricist Kantianism
Hegel, Kant and the Antinomies of Pure Reason
Authors: Houlgate Stephen
Published: August 2016

Hegel argues that Kant’s antinomies of pure reason are important because they implicitly show the categories of thought to be contradictory. In so doing Hegel disregards much of what interests Kant about the antinomies and interprets the latter “against Kant’s intention”. He also gets Kant wrong when he claims that Kant’s “trivial” resolution of the antinomies simply shifts contradiction from things in themselves to appearances. Nonetheless, I contend that Hegel’s interpretation is defensible, insofar as the antinomies do, indeed, show (what Hegel regards as) the categories of the “infinite” and the “finite” to be both opposed to and inseparable from one another. I also argue that Hegel is right to maintain that Kant’s proofs of the theses and antitheses in the antinomies assume what they are meant to prove and that Kant’s resolution of the antinomies is unsatisfactory.
Spontaneity and Cognitive Agency
Authors: Valaris Markos
Published: August 2016

Cognitive agency - the idea that our judgments and beliefs are manifestations of agency on our part - is a deeply entrenched aspect of our self-conception as persons. And yet it has proven hard to give a satisfying account of what such agency might consist in. In this paper I argue that getting clear about Kant’s notion of spontaneity might help us make progress in that debate. In particular, I argue that the very same assumption - namely, that agency must be understood on the model of production - has been holding us back in both areas.
The Contributions of Library and Information Science Education to the Development of Competencies in Determining Information Needs: An Iranian Case Study
Authors: Derakhshan Maryam , Singh Diljit , Nazari Maryam
Published: August 2016

An important role of library and information professionals is in assisting others to find the information they need. As such, these professionals are themselves expected to have the necessary competencies to identify, access and communicate the required information, i.e. to be information literate. The foundations for these competencies are laid during their library and information science (LIS) education programs. This study investigated the role and contributions of LIS programs in Iran to the development of information literacy (IL) competencies among LIS students. It also examined the challenges in the development of these competencies and approaches to overcome the challenges. Taking an exploratory approach, the study used semi-structured interviews to gather the data. Using the 2000 ACRL standards as a framework, the fieldwork questions were designed around the five areas of IL competencies, viz. determining information needs, locating information, evaluating information, using information ethically, and using information for a specific purpose. A total of 15 academics teaching 18 different LIS courses from six universities were interviewed. They were asked to reflect on the IL competencies in the context of their teaching experience and dealing with students’ projects, and to identify how their course(s) contributed to the development of these competencies. A thematic approach was used to analyze the data. The findings suggest that the existing LIS curriculum does contribute sufficiently to the development of “determining information needs” competency explicitly. Through the module outline, students just learn how to develop a research statement in the “Methodology in Library and Information Science” course. Although the educators took some effective approaches, such as getting students to find and select a topic, scoping and breaking it down, making presentations, using journal clubs and having interactions, further considerations are needed to equip students with this competency. The main challenges facing educators were a lack of clear understanding of LIS as a discipline, the gap between the way students learn in schools and the expectations in a university, shortcomings in teaching styles, and the fixed nature of the LIS education system.
The Collaboration Conundrum between School Librarians and Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Subramaniam Mega M. , Edwards Ann Ryu
Published: August 2016

With the unveiling in the United States of the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics that value inquiry, cross-curricular connections, and the use of technology in instruction, school librarians may be best positioned to collaborate with mathematics teachers to instill these practices into mathematics teaching and learning. However, the mathematics curriculum is often perceived as challenging or even impossible for librarians to connect with. Consequently, such collaboration is often not pursued by either party. This paper examines the factors that shape or hinder collaboration between school librarians and mathematics teachers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with mathematics teachers, school librarians, and school leaders in four middle schools in a highly resourced school district in the mid Atlantic region of the United States. We find several factors that influence the nature and opportunities for collaboration, including: perception; comfort with technology; institutional structures; testing pressure; and knowledge about mathematics teaching and learning. Our analysis reveals pivotal transformations that need to take place in order to strengthen the collaborative relationship between these two domains: (1) changes in the perceptions mathematics teachers and school librarians have of each other, and of various aspects of technology integration in mathematics teaching and learning and collaborative relationships; (2) enhanced structural support at the school district level; and (3) enhanced structural support at the school level to support collaboration. By examining the connections and contexts of these emerging themes from our study, we reveal the impact that school librarians can have in mathematics learning in middle schools.
Creepy-ass cracker in post-racial America: Don West’s examination of Rachel Jeantel in the George Zimmerman murder trial
Authors: Slobe Tyanna
Published: August 2016

This article examines interactions between defense attorney Don West and witness Rachel Jeantel in the 2013 State of Florida v. George Zimmerman trial following the murder of Trayvon Martin. The focus of analysis is how the defense constitutes the term creepy-ass cracker as evidence of violence and aggression on behalf of Trayvon Martin. Their argument is located within an ideological framework of a post-racial American society wherein the defense claims colorblindness (Bonilla-Silva 2014) for their client George Zimmerman. Trayvon Martin’s observation of Zimmerman’s whiteness, as indexed by the word cracker, is positioned as evidence of a culture and an individual with inherently violent, racially motivated intentions. The article examines interactional moments during the defense’s questioning of Rachel Jeantel wherein creepy-ass cracker is positioned as immoral within a post-racial ideological framework, and evidence of racism toward white people. Don West’s use of pauses, hyper-articulated Standard American English, and emblematic deictic terms discursively and linguistically segregate Martin’s and Jeantel’s community from the hegemonic white practices of the courtroom. West’s attempts to assert symbolic control over the semantic meaning of creepy-ass cracker reflect the relative unmarkedness of Standard American English and whiteness in contemporary United States judicial systems and society.
Strong Competition Equals Strong Reforms? A New Perspective on Corporate Tax Reforms in 15 EU Countries (1998–2011)
Authors: von Kulessa Alexander , Wenzelburger Georg
Published: August 2016

Although many EU countries have reduced corporate taxes in the recent years, there is still a substantial variance between the 12 oldest EU-member states. This contribution revisits this variation and analyses the determinants of corporate tax reforms and their magnitude from a perspective which is new in two respects. First, we combine logistic panel regression and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) analysis allowing for an integration of qualitative assessments of tax reforms in the QCA analysis. This adds to the existing studies on tax reform which almost exclusively rely on regression techniques. Second, we focus on the time period 1998–2011 where we expect tax competition to be especially intense. The results of our analyses confirm the major impact of tax competition on national corporate tax policies. This relationship dominates the regression analyses as well as the fsQCA. Furthermore, our findings allow nuancing the existing results on the influence of institutional constraints and partisan politics.
Analysis of potential response predictors to capecitabine/temozolomide in metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Cives M , Ghayouri M , Morse B , Brelsford M , Black M , Rizzo A , Meeker A , Strosberg J
Published: August 2016

The capecitabine and temozolomide (CAPTEM) regimen is active in the treatment of metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs), with response rates ranging from 30 to 70%. Small retrospective studies suggest that O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) deficiency predicts response to temozolomide. High tumor proliferative activity is also commonly perceived as a significant predictor of response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. It is unclear whether chromosomal instability (CIN), which correlates with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), is a predictive factor. In this study, we evaluated 143 patients with advanced pNET who underwent treatment with CAPTEM for radiographic and biochemical response. MGMT expression (n=52), grade (n=128) and ALT activation (n=46) were investigated as potential predictive biomarkers. Treatment with CAPTEM was associated with an overall response rate (ORR) of 54% by RECIST 1.1. Response to CAPTEM was not influenced by MGMT expression, proliferative activity or ALT pathway activation. Based on these results, no biomarker-driven selection criteria for use of the CAPTEM regimen can be recommended at this time.
Development of an optimized processing method for Withania frutescens
Authors: Zomborszki Z.P. , Peschel W. , Boros K. , Hohmann J. , Csupor D.
Published: August 2016

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal originates mainly from Northern and Southern India. Primarily the roots are used in the Ayurvedic medicine as tonic, sedative hypnotic, adstringent, diuretic, emetic, and aphrodisiac. In Europe, it is widely used in food supplements. Due to the many effects and uses of this plant, the analysis of the Withania somnifera and optimization of industrial processing is nowadays an important issue. In Europe W. frutescens is native, and may be interesting for industrial preparation due to its similar phytochemical profile to W. somnifera. The point of our research was to develop an effective extraction and hydrolysis method of the Withania frutescens leaves to optimize the industrial processing.
Tumorőssejtek szerepe a melanoma progressziójában és heterogenitásában
Authors: Széky Balázs , Silló Pálma , Fábián Melinda , Mayer Balázs , Kárpáti Sarolta , Németh Krisztián
Published: August 2016

Over the past decade a rare cell population called cancer stem cells has been identified in both solid tumors and hematologic cancers. These cells are reminiscent of somatic and embryonic stem cells and play a critical role in the initiation and progression of malignancies. As all stem cells, they are able to undergo asymmetric cell division and hence renew themselves and create various other progenies with heterogenous phenotypes. A growing body of literature suggested that stem cell subpopulations contribute significantly to the growth and metastatic properties of melanoma. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the current literature on melanoma stem cells, with a special emphasis on the signaling pathways responsible for the homeostatic growth of melanocytes and the uncontrolled proliferation of melanoma cells. The importance of the local microenvironment are demonstrated through summarizing the role of various cell types, soluble factors and cell adhesion molecules in the progression of melanoma and the creation of treatment resistant cancer cell clones. Last but not least, the models of melanoma progression will be introduced and a variety of cellular markers will be presented that may be used to identify and therapeutically target melanoma. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(34), 1339–1348.
Bocepreviralapú hármas kezelés hatékonyságának és biztonságosságának retrospektív elemzése előrehaladott fibrosisstádiumú, hepatitis C-vírus 1-es genotípussal fertőzött, korábban sikertelenül kezelt magyar betegeknél
Authors: Hunyady Béla , Abonyi Margit , Csefkó Klára , Gervain Judit , Haragh Attila , Horváth Gábor , Jancsik Viktor , Makkai Erzsébet , Müller Zsófia , Ribiczey Pál , Sipos Béla , Szabó Olga , Szalay Ferenc , Szentgyörgyi László , Tornai István , Újhelyi Eszter , Varga Márta , Weisz György , Makara Mihály
Published: August 2016

Introduction: During 2011 and 2013, 155 Hungarian hepatitis C genotype 1 infected patients, mostly with advanced liver fibrosis, who did not respond to prior peginterferon + ribavirin dual therapy, started boceprevir based triple therapy in an early access program. Aim and method: Efficacy and safety of the therapy was retrospectively assessed based on sustained virologic responses, as well as on frequency and type of serious adverse events and of those leading to therapy discontinuation. Results: In an intent-to-treat analysis 39.4% patients (61/155) reached sustained virologic response. Amongst pervious relapsers, partial responders and null-responders 59.5%, 41.4 % and 22.9% (p<0.05 compared to the other two categories) reached sustained virologic response, respectively, while amongst non-cirrhotics and cirrhotics 52.5% and 31.3% (p<0.05 compared to the non-cirrhotics) achieved sutained virologic response, respectively. Six out of the 33 most difficult to cure patients (previous null responder and cirrhotic) have reached sustained virologic response (18.2%). Frequency of early discontinuations due to insufficient virologic response was 31.1%, while due to adverse event 10.3%. Reported frequency of serious adverse event was 9.8%. These events represented anemia, diarrhoea, depression, agranulocytosis, elevated aminotransferases, generalized dermatitis and severe gingivitis with loss of teeth, prolonged QT interval on ECG, generalized oedema and severe dyspnoea, uroinfection, exacerbation of Crohn’s disease, Campylobacter pylori infection and unacceptable weakness and fatigue. Eight patients received transfusion, 4 patients erythropoietin and 1 granulocyte colony stimulating factor during therapy. No death has been reported. Conclusions: With boceprevir based triple therapy, one of the bests available in 2011–2013 in Hungary, a relevant proportion of hepatitis C infected patients with advanced liver fibrosis achieved sustained viral response. In this cohort, side-effects resembled those reported in registration studies, and resulted in therapy discontinuation with consequent treatment failure in a relevant number of patients. Efficacy and tolerability of boceprevir-based triple therapy are suboptimal, particularly in the most difficult to cure patient population. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(34), 1366–1374.
Sustainability assessment of earth-retaining wall structures
Authors: Damians Ivan P , Bathurst Richard J , Adroguer Eduard G , Josa Alejandro , Lloret Antonio
Published: August 2016

This paper describes a sustainability assessment methodology and example to select the best sustainable option from candidate conventional gravity and cantilever wall types and steel and polymeric soil-reinforced, mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) walls of different heights. Analyses were carried out using the value integrated model for sustainable evaluations (Mives) methodology, which is based on value theory and multi-attribute assumptions. The paper identifies how indicator issues are scored, weighted and aggregated to generate final numerical scores that allow solution options to be ranked. The final scores include an adjustment based on stakeholder preferences for the relative importance of the three sustainability pillars (environmental, economic and societal/functional). The analysis results show that MSE wall solutions were most often the best option in each category compared to conventional gravity and cantilever wall solutions and, thus, most often they were the final choice when scores from each pillar were aggregated to a final score. However, when cost was weighted most highly of the three pillars, then the conventional wall solutions gave the highest (best) Mives score for walls 3 m high. If environmental issues were the most important concern of stakeholders, then the MSE solutions were the best solution, particularly for walls 5 m high and higher.
Relationship between building intelligence and sustainability
Authors: Gadakari Tulika , Hadjri Karim , Mushatat Sabah
Published: August 2016

A number of buildings worldwide are achieving ‘sustainability scores’ on being assessed by green building rating systems. These buildings employ a range of intelligent building technologies (IBTs) to varying degrees. To determine the relationship between building intelligence and sustainability, it was strategised that the IBTs used in these buildings would be analysed to assess their impact on sustainability scores. Forty Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Methodology- and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certified buildings were chosen from the UK and Europe. The data was subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Bivariate correlation, regression analysis and fivefold cross-validation provided a best-fit logarithmic model that predicts the sustainability score of a building as an estimate value, based on the number of IBTs. Two overarching themes emerged: how the number and type of IBTs affect the sustainability score and how there needs to be an optimisation between the user’s needs, the building’s functionality and the core intelligence function of the technology against the prescriptive parameters imposed by the rating systems. A positive correlation was observed between the variables. The buildings reported reduction of 41% in energy consumption, 39% in water consumption, 36% carbon dioxide emissions and significant economic and social benefits.
Модель управления изменениями газотранспортного предприятия
Authors: Ахметова Венера Наиловна
Published: August 2016

В статье рассмотрено современное состояние развития газовой отрасли России, на основе результатов анализа которого сделан вывод о необходимости активизации инновационной деятельности. Показано, что внедрение различных видов инноваций приводит к организационно-техническим и личностным изменениям, которым может оказываться сопротивление со стороны отдельных сотрудников и служб предприятия в целом. Предложено для управления изменениями в цепи создания инноваций для газотранспортных предприятий применять методы управления проектами, менеджмента качества и логистики инноваций. Предложенные инструменты будут интересны преподавателям и аспирантам вузов, а также специалистам, занимающихмя вопросами управления инновационной деятельности в ТЭК.
Исследование структуры мотивационных ожиданий городского и сельского населения Республики Крым
Authors: Симченко Наталия Александровна , Цёхла Светлана Юрьевна , Подсмашная Ирина Николаевна
Published: August 2016

В статье на основе анализа динамики трудовых отношений в Республике Крым исследована структура мотивационных ожиданий городского и сельского населения региона. Обосновано использование метода анализа иерархий при построении мотивационных моделей в условиях модернизации экономики. Полученные результаты структуризации мотивационных ожиданий населения Республики Крым позволяют проводить реальную оценку мотивационных предпочтений занятых в экономике по различным сегментам рынка труда региона, а также реализовывать региональную социально-экономическую политику занятости населения с учетом трансформаций в системе трудовой мотивации Крыма. Результаты проведенных исследований будут представлять интерес для ученых, занимающихся вопросами исследования рынка труда с учетом мотивационных аспектов поведения, а также руководителей предприятий и специалистов – в части понимания структуры потребностей различных категорий трудоспособного населения.
Экономические условия развития теневой занятости населения Кыргызстана
Authors: Калманбетова Гульзат Талимбековна
Published: August 2016

В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования и развития теневой занятости населения под влиянием негативных финансово-экономических условий жизни и труда в Кыргызстане и основные направления выхода из сложившейся ситуации. Материалы статьи могут быть полезными научным и практическим работникам, осуществляющим свою деятельность в области функционирования рынка труда и содействия занятости населения.
Особенности применения геоинформационных систем при экоаудите особо охраняемых природных территорий
Authors: Отбоева Сэсэгма Доржиевна , Жалсараева Екатерина Александровна
Published: August 2016

В статье рассмотрены особенности применения геоинформационных систем при экономической оценке потенциала особо охраняемых природных территорий на примере геопортала Республики Бурятия. Выявлены основные проблемы организации геоинформационных систем, обоснована необходимость дальнейшего совершенствования существующих ГИС. Статья может быть полезна не только с точки зрения теории, но и для последующего развития в регионе ООПТ на устойчивой основе.
Art For? Framing the Conversation on Art and Social Change with Steven Hill
Authors: Fraser Patti , Harrison Flick
Published: August 2016

In my role as a researcher with Simon Fraser’s University’s Art for Social Change Research Project I was charged with the task of historicalizing the work of artists who have been recognized for their contribution to the field of socially engaged art. With video artist Flick Harrison we set out and conducted a series of intimate and personal conversations with artists, many of whom I shared a history of practice. Defining the practice as meaning to take the experience one has gained, experience from the doing of it, in order to actualize a condition or event that did not exist before. The research outcome represented in this digital video piece is based on a recorded interview with director, actor, and creator Steven Hill. By disrupting the interview through visual inserts and pithy philosophical responses into the visual frame we are seeking to unpack the conventional research interview. This process in and of itself becomes an action site of research. This piece not only playfully unpacks the objectivity of the researcher but also offers a field of visual play that formally furthers Steven Hill’s theorizing on the idea of frames and what predetermines the frames we bring to the project of art ‘for’ social change. The underlying question that forms the spine of interview is based on Hannah Arendt’s (1954) theory of past and future as it relates to the education of the young. What needs to be preserved in your practice or held a responsibility as it is re-imagined in the future?
Listening to the Silences: A Teacher’s First Year in Words and Music
Authors: Vanover Charles
Published: August 2016

Listening to the Silences is an ethnodrama – an example of verbatim theatre that evokes a teacher’s first year in the Chicago Public Schools (CPS) based on the words voiced during a series of four interviews sessions conducted by the author. The protagonist, Indiana Ingelside, spent her first year in CPS in an African American school in one of Chicago’s poorest neighborhoods. The show is intended to help the audience reflect on the beginning teacher’s experiences of working in that setting. The script evokes the challenges of teaching within environments shaped by social policies that do not address, and frequently exacerbate, the poverty, racism, and other forms of injustice that shape the lives of children and families of color. The article begins with the complete playscript and then concludes with an afterword that describes what the author learned from developing and producing the show. Photos from the Philadelphia workshops are included.
The Power and Possibilities for Understanding Teaching in these Times with Ethnodramatic Inquiries into Teacher Stories: Two Reviews
Authors: Hobson Sarah Reed
Published: August 2016

The following is a review and commentary on two of Charles Vanover’s ethnodramatic performances of the ethnographic interviews of two teachers. At two sessions at two educational conferences, Charles staged verbatim excerpts from each interview to open conversations with teacher educators about the challenges faced by two teachers in Chicago Public Schools. With this review, I explain the structuring behind each performance and the ensuing conversations about teacher challenges and needs in these times. I illuminate how educators can use ethnodramatic inquiries into teacher stories to deepen their understandings of teacher education and to re-write narratives that scapegoat teachers as the problem.
The School Bus Symposium: A Poetic Journey of Co-created Conference Space
Authors: McLarnon Mitchell A , Richardson Pamela , Wiebe Sean , Balsawar Veena , Binder Marni , Browning Kathy , Conrad Diane , Fels Lynn , Gouzouasis Peter , Human Anja , Kim Eun-Ji , Leggo Carl , Lemieux Amélie , Mantas Kathy , Meyer Karen , Morelli Silvia , Nellis Robert , Vaudrin-Charette Julie
Published: August 2016

With the intention of disrupting and re-imagining traditional conference spaces, this article is a poetic compilation developed from a Curriculum Studies conference symposium that took place on a school bus. During the School Bus Symposium, in situ poetry writing and reading, song and storytelling occurred in response to open ended prompts and facilitation of creative activities. After the symposium, a call was issued to invite participants to submit any poetry or stories produced during, or inspired by the session. Consisting of 18 submissions including poetry, story, photography and creative essays, infused by curriculum theory and poetic inquiry, this collection offers an inclusive, reflective, participatory, and experiential rendering where participants are living and journeying poetically. Emphasizing creative engagement with personal memories, the authors collectively aimed to promote art education through imaginative approaches to curriculum studies, poetic inquiry and academic conferences.
Por una lectura filosófica del texto bíblico
Authors: De Launay Marc
Published: August 2016

Muchos filósofos se han confrontado con la Biblia y comentaron textos bíblicos, la mayor parte del tiempo sin precaución filológica. Cuanto más se afirmó la tradición filosófica al emanciparse de la tutela teológica menos se inclinó por reconocer alguna deuda intelectual con respecto a la Biblia.Ahora bien, la irrupción del texto bíblico fue un momento crucial en la historia cultural occidental en la medida en que marca el pasaje de una “forma simbólica” (que Cassirer denomina “mito”) a otra (“religión”) llevado a cabo por un lenguaje desde entonces desubstancializado; además, el texto bíblico del Pentateuco se esfuerza por destacar una nueva forma de relación con el tiempo: la de la historia, que no es ni cíclica ni tampoco profética, de la que la filosofía hereda sin reconocer, sin embargo, su verdadera deuda.
Una visión comparativa entre el rupaka de Bharata y la metáfora de Aristóteles
Authors: Rentería Alejandre Sergio Armando
Published: August 2016

Las formas del amor en la India son tan complejas como en el resto de las culturas; sobre todo cuando se reflejan en la literatura. Uno de los quehaceres de los poetas literarios indios, en torno a estas formas, se concentra en el ámbito cultural y social. La poesía lírica india refleja imágenes que van más allá de las formas estructurales lingüísticas morfosintácticas. Para los teóricos y poetas tanto indios como griegos, es muy importante no solo la forma estructural de la poesía sino también las imágenes que se hallan en ella; me refiero a los alamkaras o a las figuras retóricas como suele traducirse gracias a toda la tradición poética griega y que Aristóteles, con su Poética y Retórica, es su máximo representante. El rupaka o la metáfora es una figura muy utilizada tanto por los poetas indios como por los poetas griegos. El alcance estilístico del rupaka o de la metáfora llega a trascender dentro los textos teóricos y poéticos. En este sentido, dentro del ensayo, planteo una comparación entre la definición de metáfora en la Poética y Retórica de Aristóteles y la definición del rupaka en el Natyashastra de Bharata, tratado de dramaturgia, esencial para el estudio no solo del teatro indio sino también de la poética india. Toda esta teoría comparativa me ayuda a encontrar el objetivo de la metáfora en la poesía sánscrita a través de la visión de Aristóteles y Bharata gracias a los alcances poéticos del rupaka o de la metáfora.
Kālacakra: breves consideraciones en torno del tiempo
Authors: Muñoz Adrián
Published: August 2016

Este artículo propone una lectura comparativa entre la concepción budista del tiempo y una discusión fenomenológica occidental. Centrándose sobre todo en la escuela Madhyamaka, el texto discute cómo la cuestión de la fugacidad y la impermanencia del tiempo resulta afín a las reflexiones que Gaston Bachelard elabora en su célebre La intuición del instante. En ambos casos, lo que se destaca es el énfasis en que la duración no es sino una construcción carente de una verdadera realidad absoluta, al mismo tiempo que el ser humano posee anhelos de trascendencia, los cuales, a su vez, engendran engaño y decepción.