bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic rolling mass wave energy harvester for oceanic drifter applications
Authors: Carandell Matias , Tichy Jiri , Smilek Jan , Toma Daniel Mihai , Gasulla Manel , del Río Joaquín , Hadas Zdenek
Published: March 2022

Ocean monitoring requirements have fomented the evolution of sensor platforms such as Lagrangian drifters, whose autonomy is a critical factor in the design process. Energy Harvesting (EH) has proven to be a sound option as an autonomous power source for sensor platforms. This paper deals with the design and simulation of a kinetic energy harvester (KEH) that captures energy from a drifter’s motion under wave excitation. This KEH is based on a rolling mass resonator with permanent magnets that oscillate with respect to a frame which includes a coil system. The induced current on the coil results from the relative motion of the rolling mass, whose natural frequency is tuned to match the drifter’s to achieve resonance. Preliminary simulations using OrcaFlex provide the motion vectors of the drifter, used to excite the KEH’s frame. A multi-body MSC.ADAMS model has been developed consisting of a simple DOF mass-spring-damper system that includes the frame motion and the electrical and electromagnetic models. Results provide an estimation of the power generated on a resistive load, showing 23 mJ harvested during a one-minute simulation.
BONE DEFECT MANAGEMENT AND AUGMENTATION OF DISTAL FEMORAL FRACTURES WITH POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE BONE CEMENT
Authors: Corró Sebastián , García-Albó Enrique , Andrés-Peiró José Vicente , Teixidor Jordi , Tomás Jordi
Published: March 2022

Fragility distal femoral fractures are often associated to deficient bone stock and bone defect. Frail patients, who are characterized by their coexisting comorbidities, low functional status and frequent cognitive impairment, benefit from early intervention and mobilization. The use of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement in the case of distal femoral fractures with decreased screw purchase and bone defect is a valid option in frail non-ambulatory patients. Given an accurate patient selection, the immediate postoperative mobilization provided by the one-shot surgery presented in this paper procures substantial advantages.
Lorentzian distance functions in contact geometry
Authors: Hedicke Jakob
Published: March 2022

An important tool to analyse the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold is given by the Lorentzian distance function. We define a class of Lorentzian distance functions on the group of contactomorphisms of a closed contact manifold depending on the choice of a contact form. These distance functions are continuous with respect to the Hofer norm for contactomorphisms defined by Shelukhin [The Hofer norm of a contactomorphism, J. Symplectic Geom. 15 (2017) 1173–1208] and finite if and only if the group of contactomorphisms is orderable. To prove this, we show that intervals defined by the positivity relation are open with respect to the topology induced by the Hofer norm. For orderable Legendrian isotopy classes we show that the Chekanov-type metric defined in [D. Rosen and J. Zhang, Chekanov’s dichotomy in contact topology, Math. Res. Lett. 27 (2020) 1165–1194] is nondegenerate. In this case, similar results hold for a Lorentzian distance functions on Legendrian isotopy classes. This leads to a natural class of metrics associated to a globally hyperbolic Lorentzian manifold such that its Cauchy hypersurface has a unit co-tangent bundle with orderable isotopy class of the fibres.
Development of Cloud Computing Platform Based on Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Liwei Wang  , Liu Ruiying , Fan Jinghang
Published: March 2022

Aiming at the problems of small data storage, small platform throughput, and high energy consumption in the development of existing cloud computing platforms, this paper develops a cloud computing platform based on neural networks. In the design of the platform, firstly, the functions of the cloud computing platform are determined. Based on the function design, the hardware and software of the cloud computing platform are designed. In the hardware design, the topology of cloud computing platform, data acquisition module, single-chip microcomputer, node deployment, and other types of functional hardware are designed. In the software design, the neural network is mainly used to remove the redundancy of data stored in a cloud computing platform, design the data processing flow of cloud computing platform, and complete the development of cloud computing platform based on neural network. The experimental results show that the cloud computing platform based on the neural network designed in this paper runs faster, the throughput of platform data has been significantly improved, and the operating energy consumption of the platform is low.
Hypoxia Enhances HIF1α Transcription Activity by Upregulating KDM4A and Mediating H3K9me3, Thus Inducing Ferroptosis Resistance in Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Xiong Jing , Nie Meifang , Fu Chun , Chai Xiaoshan , Zhang Yongjing , He Ling , Sun Shujuan
Published: March 2022

Objective. Cervical cancer (CC) is a prevalent cancer in women. Hypoxia plays a critical role in CC cell ferroptosis resistance. This study explored the mechanism of hypoxia in CC cell ferroptosis resistance by regulating HIF1α/KDM4A/H3K9me3. Methods. Cultured SiHa and Hela cells were exposed to CoCl2 and treated with Erastin. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and concentrations of iron ion, MDA and GSH were determined using corresponding kits. Expressions of KDM4A, HIF1α, TfR1, DMT1, and H3k9me3 were detected by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ChIP assay. The correlation of KDM4A and HIF1α was analyzed on Oncomine, UALCAN, and Starbase. CC cells were co-transfected with shKDM4A or/and pcDNA3.1-HIF1α. Iron uptake and release were assessed using the isotopic tracer method. The binding relationship between HIF1α and HRE sequence was verified by dual-luciferase assay. Results. Cell viability and GSH were decreased while iron concentration, MDA, KDM4A, and HIF1α levels were increased in hypoxia conditions. The 2-h hypoxia induced ferroptosis resistance. KDM4A and HIF1α were highly-expressed in CC tissues and positively correlated with each other. KDM4A knockdown attenuated cell resistance to Erastin, increased H3K9me3 level in the HIF1α promoter region, and downregulated HIF1α transcription and translation. H3K9me3 level was increased in the HIF1α promoter after hypoxia. HIF1α overexpression abrogated the function of KDM4A knockdown on ferroptosis in hypoxia conditions. Iron uptake/release and TfR1/DMT1 levels were increased after hypoxia. Hypoxia activated HRE sequence in TfR1 and DMT1 promoters. Conclusion. Hypoxia upregulated KDM4A, enhanced HIF1α transcription, and activated HRE sequence in TfR1 and DMT1 promoters via H3K9me3, thus inducing ferroptosis resistance in CC cells.
Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Rice (Oryza sativa. L) Grains Cultivated in Three Major Industrial Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan G. M. M. Anwarul , Das Anuj Kumer , Satter Mohammed A.
Published: March 2022

Human exposure to nonessential trace elements occurs from food crops that are contaminated by the soil. The present study aimed to determine the level of heavy metals in soil and rice samples using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer from three major industrial areas in Bangladesh: Savar, Gazipur, and Ashulia. Heavy metals were detected in the order Fe > Zn > Ni > Cr > Pb > Co > Cu > Cd > As and Zn > Cu > Cr > Co > Fe > Cd > Pb > Ni > As in the soil and rice samples, respectively. From this analysis, it was observed that the detected concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr, and Co were higher than the WHO/FAO recommended maximum tolerance values. The transfer factor of the detected heavy metals from soil to rice was detected in the following order: Zn > Cu > Cr > Co > Cd > Pb > Fe > As > Ni. The accumulation of heavy metals in rice is a major public health concern. Therefore, we recommend strict regulations for the safety of food crops grown in the study areas.
Modest Dietary Protein Requirement for Sea Urchin Gonad Production Demonstrated by Feeding Trials with Consideration of Protein Leaching
Authors: Takagi Satomi , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Kaneta Tomonori , Sugawara Akira , Narita Masanao , Kato Shinji , Akino Masaki , Takeda Hirofumi , Hasegawa Natsuki , Machiguchi Yuji , Unuma Tatsuya
Published: March 2022

This study is aimed at revealing the dietary protein requirement for gonad production in the sea urchin Mesocentrotus nudus, with consideration of protein leaching from diets during seawater immersion. Feeding trials were performed on M. nudus using two diet types with low capacities for protein leaching: starch diets (STG) containing 0–40% gluten in 10%, 5%, and 4% increments (experiments 1–3) and alginate diets (ALG) containing 5–25% gluten in 5% increments (experiment 4). The protein content in the diets was determined after they were immersed in seawater for 24 h or 72 h. The gonad indices of urchins fed STG with 11.4–19.3% protein were significantly higher than those fed STG with 7.8% protein. The protein requirement was estimated to be 12% based on a broken-line regression analysis of urchins fed STG in experiments 1–3. In experiment 4, the gonads became larger as dietary protein content increased from 4.5% to 12.0%, and the sizes were similar to those of urchins fed ALG with 12.0–21.1% protein. The estimated value of 12% was much lower than that reported previously (>20%), indicating that the protein requirement for sea urchin gonad production is modest when the protein-leaching problem is addressed.
Deep Transfer Learning Approaches in Performance Analysis of Brain Tumor Classification Using MRI Images
Authors: Srinivas Chetana , K. S. Nandini Prasad , Zakariah Mohammed , Alothaibi Yousef Ajmi , Shaukat Kamran , Partibane B. , Awal Halifa
Published: March 2022

Brain tumor classification is a very important and the most prominent step for assessing life-threatening abnormal tissues and providing an efficient treatment in patient recovery. To identify pathological conditions in the brain, there exist various medical imaging technologies. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is extensively used in medical imaging due to its excellent image quality and independence from ionizing radiations. The significance of deep learning, a subset of artificial intelligence in the area of medical diagnosis applications, has macadamized the path in rapid developments for brain tumor detection from MRI to higher prediction rate. For brain tumor analysis and classification, the convolution neural network (CNN) is the most extensive and widely used deep learning algorithm. In this work, we present a comparative performance analysis of transfer learning-based CNN-pretrained VGG-16, ResNet-50, and Inception-v3 models for automatic prediction of tumor cells in the brain. Pretrained models are demonstrated on the MRI brain tumor images dataset consisting of 233 images. Our paper aims to locate brain tumors with the utilization of the VGG-16 pretrained CNN model. The performance of our model will be evaluated on accuracy. As an outcome, we can estimate that the pretrained model VGG-16 determines highly adequate results with an increase in the accuracy rate of training and validation.
Evolution of Mining-Induced Stress in Downward Mining of Short-Distance Multiseam
Authors: Yang Ke , Fu Qiang , Liu Qinjie , He Xiang , Lyu Xin
Published: March 2022

The strong disturbance of upward mining of the short-distance multiseam results in frequent fractures in the coal seam to be mined, jeopardizing the operation safety due to the instability of the surrounding rock of the overlying stope and risks of coal and gas outburst. A lucrative alternative is the downward mining of multiseam, which wide implementation is limited by the lack of reliable data on stress evolution characteristics. In this paper, the evolution, nonlinear interaction, and superposition characteristics of mining-induced stress after multiple pressure relief in the short-distance multi-seam were investigated by the numerical simulation and physical simulation, taking the endowment and mining technology characteristics of group B short-distance multiseam in Pan’er Coal Mine in Anhui Province of China as an example. The numerical and physical models of multiple (2—5 times) mining activities in pressure relief multiseam (with five main coal layers) under downward mining are constructed and implemented with the FLAC3D software and 1 : 100 scaling, respectively. The results showed that a pressure relief arch, which bears and transfers stresses, is formed on the coal seam’s roof and floor. In downward mining, the local arch expands to the long arch, which bearing capacity within the influence range of multiple mining disturbances is weak, and the arch structure is prone to instability. If a coal pillar is left in the upper coal seam after its mining, the lower coal seam mining will switch from the large-scale low-stress area under the goaf to the small-scale high-stress area of nonlinear interaction of the multiple mining stresses with the stress under the coal pillar.
A Famous Chinese Medicine Formula: Yinhuo Decoction Antagonizes the Damage of Corticosterone to PC12 Cells and Improves Depression by Regulating the SIRT1/PGC‐1α Pathway
Authors: Xu Hongdan , Xing Shurong , Lei Xia , Yi Jinyue , Liu Shuang , Du Yanqiu , Yang Bo , Zhang Ning
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to explore the antidepressant effect of Yinhuo Decoction and further to explore its underlying molecular mechanism acting on depressant. Here, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to the composition analysis. Postmenopausal depression (PMD) model and corticosterone (CORT)‐induced cell model were constructed. Adrenal coefficient and hematoxylin and eosin staining were applied to assess changes in the adrenal glands. MTT staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, and JC‐1 fluorescence staining were used to detect the PC12 activity and apoptosis. CORT and oxidative stress indicators were measured using commercial kits. Western blot and immunohistochemical were used to detect the protein expression of GCR. In addition, genes related to SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway were also tested. In PMD model mice, Yinhuo Decoction evidently increased adrenal coefficient and relieved adrenal lesions. Meanwhile, we observed that Yinhuo Decoction reduced the CORT and GCR levels. In CORT‐treated PC12 cells, Yinhuo Decoction remarkably reduced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Besides, Yinhuo Decoction attenuated the oxidative stress response. Mechanically, we confirmed that Yinhuo Decoction reduced CORT‐induced PC12 damage by regulating SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway. Thus, we concluded that Yinhuo Decoction antagonized CORT‐induced injury in PC12 cells and improved depression in PMD mice. This provided a new direction for the treatment of depression.
Effects of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Combined with Budesonide Treatment on Nasal Cavity Function and Serum Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Chronic Sinusitis
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Jiang Chenyan , Wu Qingwei , Shi Runjie
Published: March 2022

In this article, we have explored the effects of endoscopic sinus surgery together with budesonide treatment on nasal function and serum inflammatory factors on patients with chronic sinusitis. We retrospectively analyzed 120 patients with chronic sinusitis who were admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to March 2021 and were eligible for this study. They were separated into 2 groups according to different treatments, that is, the control group (treated with endoscopic surgery alone) of 58 cases and observation group (treated with endoscopic sinus surgery combined with budesonide) with 62 cases. Treatment efficacy, surgical status, overall symptom score before and after treatment, nasal mucociliary clearance function, serum eosinophils (EOS), serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), serum inflammatory factors, and occurrence of adverse reactions of both groups were recorded and compared. Total effective rate in the observation group presented strikingly more positive compared with that among patients in control group (P<0.05), as well as the data recorded in terms of operation time, blood loss during surgery and postoperative improvement time of patients (P<0.05). Overall symptom score, nasal mucociliary clearance, EOS, IgE and serum inflammatory factors in both groups were improved notably after treatment, while the observation group held a more obvious improvement. And it also had a markedly lower incidence of adverse reaction (P<0.05). Endoscopic sinus surgery combined with budesonide in the treatment of chronic sinusitis could effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, reestablish the function of the nasal cavity and improve their inflammation level. Meanwhile, it was of high safety and is worthy of clinical promotion.
A Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Relief-F Algorithm for Fault Power Line Recognition in Internet of Things-Based Smart Grids
Authors: Yuqing Zhang
Published: March 2022

Today, energy management based on the digitalization of smart grids by the Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm for power line systems. There are several environmental hazards to break down high-voltage power cables such as lightning, severe voltage fluctuations, and incorrect design of electric field distribution. So, identifying faulty high-voltage power lines is one of the most emerging challenges in smart grids to avoid disruption of the power distribution networks. This paper presents a new hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Relief-F (CNN-RF) algorithm for an energy-aware collaborative learning approach to detect power line systems in smart grids. This hybrid approach ensures the stability and reliability of the defective power line system and improves the energy efficiency of the smart grids. This approach can detect the defective power line recognition using damaged power line images concerning automatic monitoring using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control system and IoT communications. By applying UAV control system and IoT communications on gathering damaged power line images, human faults and environmental hazards for extra data transmission are avoided. Experimental results show that the proposed CNN-RF model represents a high accuracy rate of 92.2% for recognizing damaged power lines. Also, the precision of damaged line detection ratio is higher than other prediction methods by the rate of 92.5%. Finally, the performance of the damaged line prediction approach in the CNN-RF method has a daily minimum cost in the IoT-based smart grids.
A Study of Feature Construction Based on Least Squares and RBF Neural Networks in Sports Training Behaviour Prediction
Authors: Qiu Chunyan , Su Changhong , Liu Xiaoxiao , Yu Dian
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the problem of athletes’ training in sports, exploring the methods and means by which athletes can perform difficult movements in which they normally make minor training errors in order to achieve better competition results and placements. To this end, we test the explanatory and predictive effects of a theoretical model starting with planned behaviour and then use exercise planning, self-efficacy, and support as variables to develop a partial least squares regression model of sports to improve the explanation and prediction of sporting athletes’ intentions and behaviour. An improved RBF network-based method for player behaviour prediction is proposed. On the basis of the RBF analysis, the number of layers and the number of neurons in the hidden layer of the network are adjusted and optimised, respectively, to improve its generalisation and learning abilities, and the athlete behaviour prediction model is given. The results demonstrate the advantages of the improved algorithm, which in turn provides a more scientific approach to the current basketball training.
Altered Expression of RB and pRB in Tissue Arrays of Primary Breast Cancers and Matched Axillary Lymph Node Metastases
Authors: Leser Carmen , Reiner Angelika , Dorffner Georg , Kastner Marie-Theres , Igaz Martin , Singer Christian , König-Castillo Deirdre Maria , Deutschmann Christine , König Daniel , Holzer Iris , Gschwantler-Kaulich Daphne
Published: March 2022

Objectives. The retinoblastoma (RB) pathway is crucial in the development and progression of many cancers. To better understand the biology of progressive breast cancer (BC), we examined protein expression of the RB pathway in primary BCs and matched axillary lymph node metastases (LM). Methods. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate cyclin D1, CDK4/6, RB, phosphorylated RB (pRB), and E2F1 expression in tissue arrays containing cores of 50 primary BCs and matched LM. The number of positive tumor cells and staining intensity were scored. Results. The proteins were localized in the nucleus, while CDK6 was detected in the cytoplasm and CDK4 was found in both. pRB and E2F1 showed higher expression in matched LM than in primary tumors. Expression of these proteins differed significantly by the percentage of positive tumor cells, while proteins in the proximal portion of the RB pathway showed no significant differences. The main path of alteration consisted of high pRB in primary BC, remaining pRB high in the majority of LM, variations occurring in fewer cases. All matched LM of the few primary tumors that had unaltered RB and pRB expression showed changes in RB or pRB expression. Conclusion. Expression of pRB and E2F1 was significantly higher in LM than in primary BC. A majority of cancers with LM showed altered RB or pRB expression, suggesting that proteins downstream in the RB pathway play a critical role in metastatic BC and disease progression. So looking at the RB pathway could be an option for chemotherapy decisions in patients with only few LM.
Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Glucocorticoid for the Treatment of IgA Kidney Disease
Authors: Sun Jieqiong
Published: March 2022

Purpose. To explore the effect of glucocorticoid on immune globulin A (IgA) nephropathy by meta-analysis. Method. Search the data and literature libraries of ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Wiley, PubMed, CBMdisc, and CNKI and collect the literature on the treatment of IgA nephropathy with glucocorticoids as randomized controlled trials published at home and abroad from 1995 to 2021. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by fixed-effects model. RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis of the subgroups of overall curative effect, different degree of proteinuria, different course of treatment, different creatinine level, and combined ACEI. Result. ① The overall efficacy of glucocorticoid in the treatment of IgA nephropathy was better than that in the control group (

P

 = 0.00001). ② The efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment in patients with IgA nephropathy with proteinuria greater than 1.50 g/d and less than 1.50 g/d was better than that in the control group (

P

 < 0.01). ③ For IgA nephropathy patients with serum creatinine less than 1.50 mg/dl, the curative effect of glucocorticoid treatment was better than that of the control group (

P

 < 0.01). ④ The effects of short-term treatment (<1 year) and long-term treatment (≥1 year) with glucocorticoid were better than those in the control group (

P

 < 0.01). ⑤ The effect of hormone combined with ACEI drugs on IgA nephropathy was more significant (

P

 < 0.01). Conclusion. The overall efficacy of glucocorticoid in the treatment of IgA nephropathy is accurate. Hormone treatment is effective for different degrees of IgA nephropathy. Considering that there is no significant effect on the efficacy of different courses of treatment, it is suggested that the course of hormone treatment can be appropriately shortened. Hormone combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) can reduce proteinuria more effectively than ACEI drugs alone.
Benchmarking the Robustness of Object Detection Based on Near-Real Military Scenes
Authors: Zhang Yue , Ye Long , Fang Li , Zhong Wei , Hu Fei , Zhang Qin
Published: March 2022

According to the technical requirements of intelligent development of auxiliary combat system, we construct a visual intelligent test platform. A near-real military scene dataset based on physical rendering is built, which contains 11,000 remote sensing images collected by an analog camera taking pictures in different illumination, weather environment, camera shooting angle, and scene scale condition. Besides, we add a natural style transfer module for a single unmodeled military scene image’s multienvironment generation. We conduct experiments to evaluate the stability of several UAV remote sensing image object detection algorithms. Based on the quality and speed value of the tested algorithms, the adaptability scores in different environments are calculated. Furthermore, we propose a comprehensive evaluation index system of military remote object detection based on a hierarchical model. We envision that our comprehensive benchmark will play a role in the evaluation of algorithm capability for military object detection tasks and the improvement of training algorithm capability.
Mental Health Evaluation Based on Visual Analysis Technology
Authors: Kong Weifeng
Published: March 2022

In order to solve the problems existing in the current mental health assessment system and how to better help individuals analyze their mental health, propose a mental health assessment method based on visual analysis technology; through the study of mental health assessment methods, use the SCL-90 symptom self-rating scale as the mental health assessment scale of this article. Combined with the conceptual design proposed in this article, realize a mental health assessment based on visual analysis technology. The system conducts visual analysis of personal current data and historical data and helps users understand their current mental health. Evaluate the system through user surveys and system quality, and the feasibility and practicability of this method are verified.
Application and Efficacy of Melatonin Elastic Liposomes in Photoaging Mice
Authors: Hou Xueqin , Qiu Xinyu , Wang Yaping , Song Shuangshuang , Cong Yifan , Hao Jifu
Published: March 2022

Transdermal drug delivery system is a preferable choice to overcome the low bioavailability of oral medication. Elastic liposomes have shown great effectiveness for percutaneous transport of melatonin (MLT). In this study, the elastic liposomes loaded with MLT were prepared using thin-film dispersion method and optimized through the central composite design (CCD) approach. The physicochemical properties and skin permeation against UV-induced skin photoaging efficacy of the developed MLT-ELs were assessed. The average size of the MLT-ELs was about 49 nm with a spherical shape and high encapsulation efficiency (73.91%) and drug loading (9.92%). The results of FTIR, DSC, and XRD revealed that the chemical structure of MLT was not changed after prepared elastic liposomes, and the drug was successfully encapsulated in the elastic liposome membrane material. In vitro skin permeation evaluation showed that the cumulative penetration of elastic liposomes was 1.5 times higher than that of conventional liposomes, highlighting that the elastic liposomes more easily penetrated into the body. The photoaging experiment results indicated that topical MLT-EL treatment ameliorated the skin elasticity, enhanced the skin hydration level, and preserved the integrity of dermal collagen and elastic fibers. It could be concluded that the elastic liposomes might serve as a promising platform for the transdermal delivery of melatonin.
A Graph Neural Network (GNN) Algorithm for Constructing the Evolution Process of Rural Settlement Morphology
Authors: Hu Zhe , Chen Kexin , Xie Xiaofei
Published: March 2022

Traditional statistical methods were mainly used to study the evolution process of rural settlement form and scale from a qualitative perspective, but it was difficult to quantitatively analyze the evolution process of the rural settlement form. Therefore, this paper proposed an intelligent monitoring method of rural settlement morphology evolution process based on the graph neural network (GNN) algorithm. Firstly, the specific working process of image feature extraction, analysis, and processing based on the graph neural network (GNN) algorithm was described. Secondly, combined with the change characteristics of rural settlement morphology evolution and scale development, the graphical neural network algorithm was used to effectively extract the morphological characteristics of rural settlements, and the monitoring information characterizing the dynamic changes of rural settlement morphology and scale was obtained through feature clustering. Finally, through experiments and using the graph neural network algorithm, the evolution process of rural settlement morphology was monitored in real time. The experimental results showed that the monitoring data obtained by this method were basically consistent with the actual statistical results, which showed that the intelligent monitoring method of the rural settlement form evolution process based on graph neural network algorithm can better reflect the dynamic change process of the rural settlement form and scale development. This study will provide some theoretical reference and guiding significance for the quantitative analysis of the evolution process of the rural settlement morphology and its influencing factors.
The Value of Brain Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combined with APOE‐‐ε4 Genotype in Early Diagnosis and Disease Progression of Senile Vascular Cognitive Impairment No Dementia
Authors: Zhao Weina , Yin Changhao , Yu Fengbo , Wan Lifei , Che Siyao , Cui Lili
Published: March 2022

Objective. To explore the value of brain structure magnetic resonance imaging combined with APOE‐ε4 genotype in the early diagnosis and disease progression of elderly patients with vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND). Methods. The first stroke patients admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to December 2018 were collected, including 130 cases of vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (VCIND group) and 50 cases of the control group (NC group). The basic information of all subjects was recorded, and APOE‐ε4 alleles of all subjects were detected. The neuropsychological test scale evaluated the cognitive psychology of the subjects, and they were scanned by multi‐parameter MRI. After follow‐up, VCIND patients were divided into the dementia group and the nondementia group. MRI scans were again performed, and the risk factors of VCIND patients developing dementia were analyzed. Results. Compared with the NC group, patients in the VCIND group had shorter years of education, more patients with hypertension, higher levels of homocysteine (Hcy), and lower cognitive ability. Patients with White Matter Volume (WMV), White Matter Hyperintensity (WMH), Lacunar Infarction (LI), elevated Fazekas scores, and APOE‐ε4 gene carriers are more likely to develop VCIND. After 12 months of follow‐up, compared with the nondementia group, the number of WMV, WMH, Fazekas scores, and APOE‐ε4 gene carriers in the dementia group was significantly increased. In addition, the progression‐free survival rate of APOE‐ε4 gene carriers was significantly lower than that of nonAPOE‐ε4 gene carriers. Conclusion. Years of education, hypertension, high levels of Hcy, elevated WMV, WMH, LI, and Fazekas scores, and carrying the APOE‐ε4 gene are risk factors for VCIND in stroke patients. Craniocerebral structural MRI combined with APOE‐ε4 genotype has a diagnostic role in the early diagnosis and disease progression of elderly patients with VCIND.
Application Research of Particle Swarm Algorithm in Bank Human Resource Management
Authors: Wu You , Wang Shengqi , Wang Xing , Wang Zheng
Published: March 2022

In the era of knowledge economy, human resources as the first resource of enterprises have long become a consensus. However, human resource management in my country is still in its infancy. There are few studies on the relationship between the two, and the research conclusions are inconsistent. There are very few subjects for research. As the core of my country is banking industry, state-owned commercial banks affect the development direction of my country’s banking industry, and their human resource management has its own unique features. However, due to my country’s special national conditions, state-owned commercial banks have not been fully market-oriented, lacking a certain degree of independence and autonomy, and the impact of administrative intervention has led to human resource management in state-owned commercial banks that have not been developed as they should be. In a series of questions, in today’s turbulent global financial environment, state-owned commercial banks need to improve their human resource management to enhance their sustainable competitiveness. Based on combing the research on the relationship between human resource management and corporate performance by domestic and foreign scholars and analyzing the status quo and problems of human resource management of state-owned commercial banks, this paper collects data through questionnaires and analyzes the reliability and validity of the data. Then use empirical analysis methods to study the relationship between human resource management of state-owned commercial banks and corporate performance. The research results show that there is a significant positive correlation between the human resource management practices of state-owned commercial banks and corporate performance, that is, improving the level of human resource management can promote the improvement of corporate performance.
Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites Based on the Regulation of MicroRNAs
Authors: Hossain Rajib , Quispe Cristina , Saikat Abu Saim Mohammad , Jain Divya , Habib Arslan , Janmeda Pracheta , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Radha  , Daştan Sevgi Durna , Kumar Manoj , Butnariu Monica , Cho William C. , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Kipchakbayeva Aliya , Calina Daniela
Published: March 2022

MicroRNA (miRNA), a noncoding ribonucleic acid, is considered to be important for the progression of gene expression in plants and animals by rupture or translational repression of targeted mRNAs. Many types of miRNA regulate plant metabolism, growth, and response to biotic and abiotic factors. miRNA characterization helps to expose its function in regulating the process of post‐transcriptional genetic regulation. There are a lot of factors associated with miRNA function, but the function of miRNA in the organic synthesis of by‐products by natural products is not yet fully elucidated. The current review is aimed at observing and characterizing miRNAs and identifying those involved in the functioning of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, with their use in controlled manipulation.
Machine Learning-Based CO2 Prediction for Office Room: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kapoor Nishant Raj , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Anuj , Kumar Aman , Mohammed Mazin Abed , Kumar Krishna , Kadry Seifedine , Lim Sangsoon
Published: March 2022

Air pollution is increasing profusely in Indian cities as well as throughout the world, and it poses a major threat to climate as well as the health of all living things. Air pollution is the reason behind degraded indoor air quality (IAQ) in urban buildings. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main contributor to indoor pollution as humans themselves are one of the generating sources of this pollutant. The testing and monitoring of CO2 consume cost and time and require smart sensors. Thus, to solve these limitations, machine learning (ML) has been used to predict the concentration of CO2 inside an office room. This study is based on the data collected through real-time measurements of indoor CO2, number of occupants, area per person, outdoor temperature, outer wind speed, relative humidity, and air quality index used as input parameters. In this study, ten algorithms, namely, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), Gaussian process regression (GPR), linear regression (LR), ensemble learning (EL), optimized GPR, optimized EL, optimized DT, and optimized SVM, were used to predict the concentration of CO2. It has been found that the optimized GPR model performs better than other selected models in terms of prediction accuracy. The result of this study indicated that the optimized GPR model can predict the concentration of CO2 with the highest prediction accuracy having

R

, RMSE, MAE, NS, and a20-index values of 0.98874, 4.20068 ppm, 3.35098 ppm, 0.9817, and 1, respectively. This study can be utilized by the designers, researchers, healthcare professionals, and smart city developers to analyse the indoor air quality for designing air ventilation systems and monitoring CO2 level inside the buildings.
Periodontopathic Microbiota and Atherosclerosis: Roles of TLR-Mediated Inflammation Response
Authors: Zou Yang , Huang Yaowei , Liu Siqin , Yang Juan , Zheng Wenxia , Deng Yiting , Zhang Miaoyu , Yan Zhenxing , Xie Huifang
Published: March 2022

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high prevalence worldwide, contributing to a series of adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Periodontal disease induced by pathogenic periodontal microbiota has been well established as an independent factor of atherosclerosis. Periodontal microorganisms have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques. The high-risk microbiota dwelling in the subgingival pocket can stimulate local and systematic host immune responses and inflammatory cascade reactions through various signaling pathways, resulting in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. One often-discussed pathway is the Toll-like receptor-nuclear factor-κB (TLR-NF-κB) signaling pathway that plays a central role in the transduction of inflammatory mediators and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. This narrative review is aimed at summarizing and updating the latest literature on the association between periodontopathic microbiota and atherosclerosis and providing possible therapeutic ideas for clinicians regarding atherosclerosis prevention and treatment.
Abstract ES11-3: Optimizing immunotherapy efficacy in the clinic through biomarkers: Advances in single cell and spatial histology analyse
Authors: Kok M
Published: March 2022

Single cell technologies and spatial analyses are emerging as powerful tools to investigate tumor heterogeneity, cell state of key effector or suppressing immune cells and detailed distribution of cells within the tumor microenvironment. Their application will undoubtedly provide further understanding of the effects of cancer immunotherapy on the tumor microenvironment, which is particularly important for the largely non-immunogenic breast carcinomas. However, analyses of clinical samples require well-coordinated, multidisciplinary teams and specific expertise. Moreover, large scale analyses have major technical challenges and is still relatively costly. We will discuss the promise and hurdles of single cell and spatial analyses on the road to find biomarker for breast cancer immunotherapy and avenues for novel immunomodulatory treatments for breast cancer patients.

Citation Format: M Kok. Optimizing immunotherapy efficacy in the clinic through biomarkers: Advances in single cell and spatial histology analyse [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES11-3.
Abstract ES12-2: Single cell analysis of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Maheswaran S , Ebright R , Micalizzi D , D  , Toner M , Haber D
Published: March 2022

Epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), an embryonic process, is reinstated in cancer and has been implicated in tumor metastasis and drug resistance. Tumor cells circulating in the blood of breast cancer patients show extensive EMP with dynamic shifts from one state to another. Comparison of the molecular characteristics of epithelial and mesenchymal circulating tumor cell (CTC) populations shows that epithelial CTCs compared with mesenchymal CTCs express multiple structural ribosomal proteins and exhibit enrichment of translational signatures; these epithelial CTCs are more proliferative and their presence in the blood correlates with poor clinical outcome. Mechanistically, overexpression of a single structural ribosomal protein, RPL15, which encodes a component of the large ribosomal subunit, increased the expression of multiple structural ribosomal proteins, global translation and cell proliferation coinciding with increased metastatic growth in multiple organs. Tumors overexpressing RPL15 were more sensitive to translational inhibitors suggesting that therapies targeting translation in this aggressive subset of epithelial CTCs may serve as potential suppressors of metastatic progression of breast cancer.

Citation Format: S Maheswaran, R Ebright, D Micalizzi, D , M Toner, D Haber. Single cell analysis of circulating tumor cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES12-2.
Abstract ES7-2: Emergent pharmacologic interventions for prevention: Non endocrine treatments
Authors: Heckman-Stoddard BM
Published: March 2022

Many agents have been examined in preclinical and early phase clinical trials for their potential to reduce the risk of breast cancer in additional to the traditional endocrine agents that have been shown in large, randomized phase III clinical trials to reduce the risk of hormone-receptor positive breast cancer. The focus on non-endocrine agents has included commonly used drugs such as statins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), and metformin. There were also many trials that have examined nutraceutical agents such as soy and omega-3-fatty acids. In addition, there is interest in target agents such as rexinoids, Her-2 targeted agents, and PARP inhibitors because of their potential to inhibit hormone-receptor negative breast cancer. Finally, there is significant interest in developing immunoprevention strategies for breast cancer risk reduction. There is a renewed focus on examining lower doses, intermittent dosing strategies, and local delivery to maximize the benefit and reduce the toxicity. Results of preclinical and clinical studies will be presented and discussed as well as ongoing clinical trials that will further inform work in this area.

Citation Format: BM Heckman-Stoddard. Emergent pharmacologic interventions for prevention: Non endocrine treatments [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES7-2.
Abstract P3-07-08: Germline mutational profiling in Indian TNBCs
Authors: Koppiker C B
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Indian women with a high incidence of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive subtype of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis. The high TNBC prevalence (>25%) in India as compared to the western population (10-15%) remains to be a challenge in clinical management. The association of germline BRCA1/2 mutations in TNBCs is well-established as a predisposing factor for hereditary breast cancer risk. However, these studies are predominantly from germline profiling of TNBCs representative of western population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the germline profiles of Indian breast cancer patients using a multi-institutional TNBC cohort based on ACMG consensus multi-gene NGS panel. In our study cohort of 193 TNBC patients, we identified 57 pathogenic mutations (diagnostic yield = 29.53%) from various genes of which BRCA1 (41/57, 71.93%) and BRCA2 (8/57, 14.03%) were most commonly mutated. We observed a high prevalence of BRCA1 mutations (41/193, 21.24%) and BRCA2 mutations (8/193, 4.14%) in our cohort as compared to published literature. Additionally, 8 pathogenic mutations were also reported in non-BRCA cancer pre-disposing genes associated with the HR pathway like ATM, CHEK2, PALB2. 10 novel mutations were identified in 3 genes namely BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2. The most common type of mutations was found to be frame-shift which may cause protein truncation and loss of function. Furthermore, we identified 48 variants of unknown significance (24.9%) of which about 7% were in the BRCA1/2 genes. Data mining from global databases like TCGA, Genome Asia indicated that the novel mutations were unique to the Indian population compared to the germline profiles of different ethnicities. Our study confirms the major contribution of BRCA1/2 genes in TNBCs as reported in the literature. A high percentage of the women were found to be associated with young age onset which may be attributed to BRCA mutations. Further analysis to investigate the association of tumor size, tumor grade, survival analysis with mutational profiles is in process. Similarly, we are also assessing. family history to underline the importance of multi-gene panel testing as recommended by NCCN guidelines. Moreover, our results also emphasize the need for designing/implementing guidelines specific to Indian population. In summary our results indicate that Indian TNBCs have a high prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations. Large scale studies in future are warranted to validate these preliminary findings.

Citation Format: C B Koppiker. Germline mutational profiling in Indian TNBCs [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-08.
Abstract P3-12-04: Extending therapy after 5-year adjuvant hormone therapy in breast cancer patients: A population-based study
Authors: Zeng Erwei , He Wei , Bergqvist Jenny , Czence Kamila
Published: March 2022

Background: Clinical guidelines have recommended breast cancer patients with certain characteristics to extend their therapy after 5-year adjuvant hormone therapy. However, no study thus far has described the prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of extending adjuvant hormone therapy in the real world. Methods: We identified 2,937 breast cancer patients who completed 5-year adjuvant hormone therapy during 2010-2019 in Stockholm, Sweden, by linking the Quality Register for Breast Cancer, Prescribed Drug Register, and Cause-of-death Register. We followed them until September 2020. Extended adjuvant hormone therapy was defined as having at least 2 prescriptions of tamoxifen and/or aromatase inhibitors after completing 5-year therapy. We used logistic regression to examine predictors of extended adjuvant hormone therapy and Cox regression to examine whether extended therapy is associated with distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival and all-cause mortality. Results: The proportion of extending therapy after 5-year adjuvant hormone therapy increased by 7 times during the past decade, from 8.8% in 2010 to 63.7% in 2019. Predictors of extended adjuvant hormone therapy included young age (≤50 years) at extension, positive lymph node status, high tumor grade and chemotherapy, among which chemotherapy was the strongest predictors [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 4.64 (95% CI, 3.64-5.92)]. Among patients with chemotherapy, extended therapy improved distant metastasis-free survival [adjusted HR, 0.34 (95 CI%, 0.15-0.78)] and disease-free survival [adjusted HR, 0.61 (95 CI%, 0.39-0.95)]. Therapy discontinuation rates were similar during the first and second five years. Conclusion: Increasing number of breast cancer patients are extending adjuvant hormone therapy, even among patients without clear recommendations in clinical guidelines. Our findings support extended adjuvant hormone therapy in breast cancer patients with chemotherapy.

Citation Format: Erwei Zeng, Wei He, Jenny Bergqvist, Kamila Czence. Extending therapy after 5-year adjuvant hormone therapy in breast cancer patients: A population-based study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-04.