bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decoding type 2 diabetes mellitus genetic risk variants in Pakistani Pashtun ethnic population using the nascent whole exome sequencing and MassARRAY genotyping: A case-control association study
Authors: Jan Asif , Zakiullah  , Ali Sajid , Muhammad Basir , Arshad Amina , Shah Yasar , Bahadur Haji , Khan Hamayun , Khuda Fazli , Akbar Rani , Ijaz Kiran
Published: February 2023

Genome-wide association studies have greatly increased the number of T2DM associated risk variants but most of them have focused on populations of European origin. There is scarcity of such studies in developing countries including Pakistan. High prevalence of T2DM in Pakistani population prompted us to design this study. We have devised a two stage (the discovery stage and validation stage) case-control study in Pashtun ethnic population in which 500 T2DM cases and controls each have been recruited to investigate T2DM genetic risk variants. In discovery stage Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was used to identify and suggest T2DM pathogenic SNPs, based on SIFT and Polyphen scores; whereas in validation stage the selected variants were confirmed for T2DM association using MassARRAY genotyping and appropriate statistical tests. Results of the study showed the target positive association of rs1801282/PPARG (OR = 1.24, 95%Cl = 1.20–1.46, P = 0.010), rs745975/HNF4A (OR = 1.30, 95%Cl = 1.06–1.38, P = 0.004), rs806052/GLIS3 (OR = 1.32, 95%Cl = 1.07–1.66, P = 0.016), rs8192552/MTNR1B (OR = 1.53, 95%Cl = 0.56–1.95, P = 0.012) and rs1805097/IRS-2 (OR = 1.27, 95%Cl = 1.36–1.92, P = 0.045), with T2DM; whereas rs6415788/GLIS3, rs61788900/NOTCH2, rs61788901/NOTCH2 and rs11810554/NOTCH2 (P>0.05) showed no significant association. Identification of genetic risk factors/variants can be used in defining high risk subjects assessment, and disease prevention.
High fat diet is protective against kidney injury in hypertensive-diabetic mice, but leads to liver injury
Authors: Cheff Véronique , Trentin-Sonoda Mayra , Blais Amélie , Thibodeau Jean-François , Holterman Chet E. , Gutsol Alex , Kennedy Christopher R. J. , Hébert Richard L.
Published: February 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health burden with increases risk of end-stage renal function if left untreated. CKD induced in the context of metabolic syndrome (MS) increases risks of hypertension, hyperglycemia, excess body fat and dyslipidemia. To test if combining a high-fat diet (HFD) regimen onto the hypertensive/ diabetic phenotype would mimic features of MS induced-CKD in mice, hyperglycemia was induced in genetically hypertensive mice (Lin), followed by HFD regimen. For that, 8-week-old male were subjected to streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections (50 mg/kg, 5 days consecutive). LinSTZ were fed a 60% kCal HFD for 8 weeks. Lin mice treated with STZ developed polydipsia, became hypertensive and hyperglycemic. HFD induced weight gain, protected against glomerular hypertrophy, scarring, and albuminuria at endpoint compared to regular diet fed LinSTZ. On the other hand, HFD induced steatosis, liver fibrosis, inflammation, and increase in AST/ALT ratio, characteristics of non-alcoholic liver disease. Taken together, our results show that LinSTZ mice fed a HFD did not lead to a more robust model of MS-induced CKD, protected against kidney injury, but inducing liver damage. More studies are necessary to understand the kidney protective mechanisms of HFD when superimposed with hypertension and type 1 diabetes.
Micronutrients and cognitive functions among urban school-going children and adolescents: A cross-sectional multicentric study from India
Authors: Singh Shweta , Awasthi Shally , Kumar Divas , Sarraf Seema Rani , Pandey Anuj Kumar , Agarwal Girdhar G. , Awasthi Avivar , T. S. Anish , Mathew Joseph L. , Kar Sonali , Nair Suma , Rao Chythra R. , Pande Harsh , Mahanta B. N. , Bharti Bhavneet , Singh C. M. , Singh Kuldeep , Bhat Mushtaq A. , A. R. Somashekar , Awasthi Rajiv , Mahdi Abbas Ali
Published: February 2023

Background

Micronutrient deficiency (MD) is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning of children. However, no comprehensive multicentric study has been conducted in India to explore the role of multiple MD in cognition of children and adolescents. The present study aimed to explore association of MD with level of general intelligence and specific cognitive functions, in urban school-going children and adolescents across ten cities of India.

Method

Cross-sectional multicentric study, enrolled participants aged 6–16 years. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis of calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, folate, vitamin A, D and B12. Colored Progressive Matrices / Standard Progressive Matrices (CPM/SPM), Coding, Digit Span and Arithmetic tests were used for the assessment of cognitive functions of participants. Height and weight measures were collected along with socio-economic status.

Results

From April-2019 to February-2020, 2428 participants were recruited from 60 schools. No MD was found in 7.0% (134/1918), any one MD in 23.8% (457/1918) and ≥ 2 MD in 69.2% (1327/1918) participants. In presence of ≥ 2 MD, adjusted odds ratio (OR) for borderline or dull normal in CPM/SPM was 1.63, (95% CI: 1.05–2.52), coding was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.02–2.71), digit span was 1.55 (95% CI: 1.06–2.25) and arithmetic was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.17–2.53), controlling for gender, socioeconomic status and anthropometric indicators.

Conclusion

Since ≥ 2 MD were found in more than 2/3rd of participants and was associated with impairment in cognitive function, attempts must be made to ameliorate them on priority in school going children in India.

Trial registration number

CTRI/2019/02/017783.
Lung deflation while placing a subclavian vein catheter: Our experience in minimizing the risk of pneumothorax
Authors: Rabadi Daher K. , Abubaker Ahmad K. , Almasarweh Sami A.
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Lung deflation may reduce the risk of pneumothorax based on the assumption that the distance between the subclavian vein and the lung pleura would increase as well as the diameter of the vein. We aim to provide evidence to support the suggested desideratum of deflation in adults.

Methods

A prospective database was created that included patients who underwent subclavian vein catheterization for monitoring and therapeutic reasons from January 2014 to January 2020. Measurements using ultrasonography of the diameter of the subclavian vein were taken while the patient’s breathing was controlled by a ventilator and then repeated after disconnecting the mechanical ventilation and opening the pressure relief valve.

Results

A total of 123 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 41.9 years. The subclavian vein diameter was measured during controlled breathing with a mean average of 8.1 ± 0.6mm in males and 7.1 ± 0.5mm in females. The average increase after lung deflation with the pressure relief valve closed was 8.0± 5.1mm in males and 13.9 ± 5.4mm in females. An increase was noticed after opening a pressure valve, and the means were 5.5 ± 2.8mm in males and 5.1 ± 3.3mm in females. The catheter malposition rate was 0.8%

Conclusion

The benefit of interrupting mechanical ventilation and lung deflation lies within possibly avoiding pneumothorax as a complication of subclavian vein catheterization. These findings support the need for evidence regarding the curtailment of pneumothorax incidence in spontaneously breathing patients and the suggested increase in first-time punctures and success rates.
Item response theory analysis of the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16 (DBAS-16) scale in a university student sample
Authors: Castillo Louise I. R. , Hadjistavropoulos Thomas , Tan L. Odell , MacNab Ying C.
Published: February 2023

Unhelpful beliefs about sleep have been shown to exacerbate distress associated with sleep-related difficulties. University students are particularly vulnerable to experiencing sleep-related problems. The Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16 (DBAS-16) scale is a widely used instrument that assesses for sleep-disruptive cognitions. Although psychometric support for the DBAS-16 is available, Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis is needed to examine its properties at the item level. Psychometric investigation in non-clinical samples can help identify people who may be at risk for developing sleep problems. We examined the DBAS-16 using IRT on a sample of 759 university students. Our results identified items and subscales that adequately/inadequately differentiated between students who held unhelpful beliefs about sleep and those who did not. The DBAS-16 is a valuable instrument to assess unhelpful beliefs about sleep. We outline recommendations to improve the discriminatory ability of the instrument. Future investigations should establish cross-validation with a clinical sample.
Vaccination with short-term-cultured autologous PBMCs efficiently activated STLV-1-specific CTLs in naturally STLV-1-infected Japanese monkeys with impaired CTL responses
Authors: Hasegawa Atsuhiko , Murata Megumi , Fujikawa Tomoka , Katagiri Kuniko , Nagano Yoshiko , Masuda Takao , Kuramitsu Madoka , Nakajima Shinsuke , Fujisawa Jun-ichi , Okuma Kazu , Grover Poonam , Kidiga Maureen , Akari Hirofumi , Kannagi Mari
Published: February 2023

A small proportion of human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-infected individuals develop adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, a chemotherapy-resistant lymphoproliferative disease with a poor prognosis. HTLV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), potential anti-tumor/virus effectors, are impaired in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patients. Here, using Japanese monkeys naturally infected with simian T-cell leukemia/T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (STLV-1) as a model, we demonstrate that short-term-cultured autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can serve as a therapeutic vaccine to activate such CTLs. In a screening test, STLV-1-specific CTL activity was detectable in 8/10 naturally STLV-1-infected monkeys. We conducted a vaccine study in the remaining two monkeys with impaired CTL responses. The short-term-cultured PBMCs of these monkeys spontaneously expressed viral antigens, in a similar way to PBMCs from human HTLV-1 carriers. The first monkey was subcutaneously inoculated with three-day-cultured and mitomycin C (MMC)-treated autologous PBMCs, and then boosted with MMC-treated autologous STLV-1-infected cell line cells. The second monkey was inoculated with autologous PBMC-vaccine alone twice. In addition, a third monkey that originally showed a weak STLV-1-specific CTL response was inoculated with similar autologous PBMC-vaccines. In all three vaccinated monkeys, marked activation of STLV-1-specific CTLs and a mild reduction in the STLV-1 proviral load were observed. Follow-up analyses on the two monkeys vaccinated with PBMCs alone indicated that STLV-1-specific CTL responses peaked at 3–4 months after vaccination, and then diminished but remained detectable for more than one year. The significant reduction in the proviral load and the control of viral expression were associated with CTL activation but also diminished 6 and 12 months after vaccination, respectively, suggesting the requirement for a booster. The vaccine-induced CTLs in these monkeys recognized epitopes in the STLV-1 Tax and/or Envelope proteins, and efficiently killed autologous STLV-1-infected cells in vitro. These findings indicated that the autologous PBMC-based vaccine could induce functional STLV-1-specific CTLs in vivo.
Too much reality? Reflections on the educational-observational film world of Tammy Cheung and Augustine Lam
Authors: Ingham Mike
Published: February 2023

My article reassesses the direct cinema documentaries of respected and influential documentarians, festival organizers and documentary teachers Tammy Cheung and Augustine Lam in the light of the profound changes Hong Kong has experienced since their work was produced and distributed in the first decade of the new millennium. The present commentary on their body of work is conceived primarily as a critical retrospective, although it seems highly like they will continue to make films in self-imposed exile related to the new Hong Kong diaspora. In this article I am interested in tracing a through-line in their work and connecting the subject-matter of their sociological documentaries with the profound changes that have taken place in Hong Kong society and culture over the past few years.
The ‘We’ in two pairs of documentaries about protests by The 70’s Biweekly syndicate and the 2019 Hong Kong Documentary Workers
Authors: Yeung Jessica
Published: February 2023

In the history of Hong Kong, the two largest and most impactful waves of social movements took place in the 1960s–70s and in the 2010s. The two documentaries-pair, 香港保衛釣魚台示威 (The Protect Diao Yu Islands Protest in Hong Kong) (1971) and 給香港的文藝青年 (To Hong Kong Intellectual Youths) (1978) produced by the anarcho-pacifist 70年代雙週刊 (The 70’s Biweekly) syndicate, and 佔領立法會 (Taking Back the Legislature) (2020) and 理大圍城 (Inside the Red Brick Wall) (2020) produced by Hong Kong Documentary Filmmakers effectively construct a ‘We’ of the protesters in alliance in the Butlerian sense. In the case of the 2020 films, this ‘We’ is unwittingly expanded by the government by imposing censorship on them, thus creating another layer of alliance with some Hong Kongers who might not have even watched the films, but stand in solidarity with the filmmakers in defending freedom of expression.
Hong Kong independent political documentary under the regulating dispositif: Inside the Red Brick Wall and beyond
Authors: Tam Enoch Yee-Lok
Published: February 2023

Building upon the momentum of protests, Hong Kong independent documentarians have made efforts to record the past decade’s social movements. From the 2014 Umbrella Movement to the 2019–20 Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement, more than a dozen feature-length and short documentaries of different social movements were produced. As political pressure has grown increasingly intense in recent years, the media landscape has been changing rapidly. This article applies the Foucauldian concept of dispositif to analyse these changes. If dispositif can be understood as pertaining to the regulation of power relations, then the dispositif of recent Hong Kong independent political documentaries can illuminate a crucial aspect of the changes: Mainland China and Hong Kong’s closer relationship as a regulating dispositif. Through the case of Inside the Red Brick Wall () and the implementation of the Hong Kong version of the National Security Law, the article shows how this regulating dispositif has recently pushed the deterritorialization of Hong Kong independent political documentary.
Documentary and democracy: An interview with Evans Chan
Authors: Marchetti Gina
Published: February 2023

Gina Marchetti’s interview with NewYork-based Hong Kong independent filmmaker Evans Chan took place after Chan had said goodbye to his former home and to nearly three decades of filmmaking in the city, following the introduction of Hong Kong’s National Security Law in 2020. Her interview focuses on Chan’s non-fiction filmmaking, particularly his recent films dealing with Hong Kong’s two protest movements of 2014 and 2019, namely Raise the Umbrellas 撐傘 () and We Have Boots 我們有雨靴 (). While the latter part of the interview concerns Chan’s thoughts on the relationship between documentaries and democracy, it also explores the signature aesthetics of his films and an underlying ‘story of Hong Kong’, which the interviewer sees as a consistent thread running through his fiction and non-fiction filmography. A wide range of cinematic, literary, sociopolitical and philosophical influences in his work emerge in the course of this in-depth interview with the filmmaker.
Capital político y patrones de carrera en sistemas multinivel. Un análisis exploratorio de las trayectorias de la élite local en perspectiva comparada.
Authors: Barragán Mélany
Published: February 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar los recursos con los que cuenta la élite política y cómo estos influyen en los patrones de carrera que desarrollan. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que el tipo de capital poseído condiciona las oportunidades y decisiones de carrera, se asume que los recursos disponibles influyen en que los políticos desarrollen su carrera en un solo ámbito territorial o se muevan entre niveles. En concreto, esta investigación toma como unidades de observación a alcaldes de las ciudades más pobladas de cada entidad territorial en sistemas multinivel y plantea que la esfera local constituye un fin en sí mismo en la carrera, apuntando a un proceso de reinversión de capital político para el mantenimiento de la posición dominante de los alcaldes en el escenario municipal. A partir de una revisión de la literatura sobre capital político y mediante una base de datos original, el trabajo aporta evidencia empírica sobre los tipos de capital que están más y menos presentes en el desarrollo de diferentes tipos de carreras políticas en el ámbito local en sistemas multinivel con distintos grados de descentralización.
“I Used to Think We Were the Same Person:” Disrupting the Ideal Nuclear Family Myth through Incest, Adultery and Gendered Violence in Taboo (2017-)
Authors: Pedro Dina
Published: February 2023

The nuclear family consolidated its social status as the institution upholding the national, capitalist and moral values of Western societies in the long nineteenth century (Kohlke and Gutleben 2010, 1). Consequently, neo-Victorian literary and screen texts often try to challenge the idealised conceptualization of this institution by bringing to the fore its potential dysfunctionalities, such as monstrous or negligent parents, domestic violence, incest or adultery. This is the case of the TV series Taboo (2017-), which portrays a dysfunctional family whose foundations are based on colonialism, patriarchal violence and Oedipal relations. In this article, I examine Taboo as a neo-Victorian narrative of family trauma, which foregrounds and criticizes gendered violence, a phenomenon that was silenced in nineteenth-century literary and historical records (Lawson and Shakinovsky 2012a, 1). Moreover, I also scrutinise the incest trope, following Llewellyn’s three-fold approach (2010), based on a triangulation between ethics, aesthetics and psychoanalysis. Finally, I consider how Taboo reproduces the most characteristic traits of nineteenth-century adultery novels, so as to expose the sexual dissatisfaction of its female protagonist, Zilpha Delaney, and her desire to escape from her abusive and oppressive husband. As I show in this article, Taboo manages to disrupt the myth of the nuclear family as a natural and indisputable moralising institution. Likewise, at first, the series shows potential feminist and post-colonial drives, as it attempts to denounce nineteenth-century imperialist and misogynistic ideologies within the family. However, Taboo fails to grant its heroine independence and female empowerment in the end. This is so because it replicates the ending of nineteenth-century adultery novels, where the adulterous wife committed suicide after being rejected by her lover.
Locating Violence in Kusum Kumar’s Suno Shefali (Listen Shefali)
Authors: Thakur Vikram Singh
Published: February 2023

India has a long tradition of social dramas that dates back to the 19th century. Such plays have been instrumental in raising social and political awareness among the masses. Located within this strong tradition of ‘socials’, is Kusum Kumar’s hard-hitting play Suno Shefali (Listen Shefali). Originally written in Hindi in 1975 and published in 1978, the play is significant for it engages with violence and oppression at the intersection of caste, class and gender at a time when feminist scholars had not theorized intersectionality as an important analytical tool of analysis. The play also predates several important Indian plays, especially by the male playwright, that deal with the problems of caste system in India. In this essay, I will attempt to study various forms of violence committed on a Dalit woman at the intersection of gender, caste and class in Kumar’s Listen Shefali using theoretical concepts like Kimberle Crenshaw’s ‘intersectionality’, Johan Galtung’s ‘structural violence’, M. Weigert’s ‘personal violence’, Pierre Bourdieu’s ‘symbolic violence’ and Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak’s ‘epistemic violence’.
Dramaturgy and the Plausible Wonder in Restoration Fiction, 1660–1670
Authors: Monterrey Tomas
Published: February 2023

Mackenzie’s roman-à-clef Aretina (1660) seems to foresee or, indeed, to capture the reopening of theatres when, at the end of Book 1, a group of actors present a monster (and a show) “upon a stage, whereon the Commedians used to act,” and the narrator subsequently summarises the performance taking place on the palace’s neglected stage. Nevertheless, the reopening of theatres had little or no immediate influence on the new English prose fiction published in the 1660s. As far as prose fiction is concerned, scholarly criticism about the Restoration theatre–novel interface addresses the period after—not before—1670. Yet, if areas of intersection are investigated, then a spectrum of quite different, isolated instances will emerge; from Margaret Cavendish’s remarks on her contemporary plays to events inspired by theatrical contrivances. This article therefore seeks to explore the presence of theatre and dramaturgy in the new English fiction published in the early years of the Restoration. The first part offers a comprehensive survey of theatrical thumbprints in this corpus of texts by considering the issues raised in literary criticism on the topic, such as dialogues, epistles and soliloquies, historical novels and first-person narratives. The second part pinpoints the episodes in high romances where wonder is no longer caused by magic, enchantment or any other supernatural intervention, but arises from calculated staging effects and devices. Authors of romances in the early years of the Restoration period contributed to the development of the English novel by making the moments of wonder more spectacular for characters, and more credible for readers, in line with the emerging scientific culture.
Análisis de procedencias del depósito de Lloseta (Mallorca) y fenómenos de hibridación en el Bronce Final balear
Authors: Llull Estarellas Bartomeu , Perelló Mateo Laura , Calvo Trias Manuel
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se presentan los análisis de isótopos de plomo del depósito de Lloseta, Mallorca, y se estudian las posibles procedencias de la materia prima con la que fueron elaborados estos objetos. Este depósito del Bronce Final está considerado uno de los más importantes de las Islas Baleares, debido al marcado carácter local de los diseños de las piezas y, probablemente, uno de los más antiguos documentados. Los resultados de los análisis muestran una procedencia del metal mayoritariamente del archipiélago, con buenas coincidencias con los minerales de cobre de Menorca y los minerales de plomo de Mallorca. Aunque existe la posibilidad de algún caso elaborado a partir de metales foráneos, todo hace pensar que estos materiales no procederían de regiones geográficamente alejadas. El resultado del estudio nos muestra un conjunto de piezas en el que se ve reflejada la convivencia de praxis y tradiciones locales con nuevas ideas e innovaciones tecnológicas, siendo un buen ejemplo de hibridación.
As ações afirmativas para ingresso no Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro: uma análise de caso dos cursos técnicos do Campus Uberlândia
Authors: Melo Sthéfany Araújo , Costa Ana Clara Santos , Martins Adriano Eurípedes Medeiros , França Robson Luiz de
Published: February 2023

Frente às diversas discussões sobre combate às discriminações étnicas, raciais, religiosas, de gênero e tantas outras presentes na sociedade brasileira, em 2012 se iniciou uma das principais ações afirmativas no âmbito educacional, por meio da Lei nº 12.711, de 29 de agosto do mesmo ano. Tal política pretende assegurar a participação de estudantes advindos de escolas públicas, de famílias desfavorecidas com baixa renda, autodeclarados pretos, pardos ou indígenas ou com deficiência em universidades ou institutos federais. Para tanto, este artigo foi construído como resultado de pesquisas realizadas para tese de Doutorado em Educação pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) junto ao Mestrado Profissional em Educação Tecnológica pelo Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM). O estudo objetivou analisar, sob a óptica da Lei nº12.711/2012, a política de ingresso implementada pelo IFTM Campus Uberlândia nos últimos 5 anos, de 2016 a 2020. Foram analisados percentuais relativos aos 4 cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio, haja vista serem os cursos que aglutinam a maior quantidade de vagas oferecidas pela instituição. Apoiados em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, foi possível ilustrar o caso do IFTM Campus Uberlândia, que enquanto Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) atua de forma a promover educação na perspectiva de uma sociedade inclusiva e democrática.
Enhancing Disturbance Rejection of PID Controllers for DC Joint Motors of Trajectory Tracking Robots Using Disturbance Observer
Authors: Ngamsom Pinit
Published: February 2023

In this paper, disturbance rejection of DC motor PID trajectory control systems is enhanced for independent joint control of robot arms. The concept of disturbance observer is invoked to propose a linear auxiliary control that augments existing PID controllers. The design of the auxiliary control is developed using a state space approach rather than transfer function approaches commonly employed in many existing designs derived from the concept of disturbance observer. This provides new insight and leads to a compact design requiring only two design parameters. While many of the existing DC motor trajectory control systems assume the availability of current feedback from a motor coil, the proposed auxiliary control does not. This can highly facilitate its applications in the lacking situation. Realizing that the stability of the resulting control systems could be inconvenient to assert due to increased system dimension resulting from incorporating disturbance observer, compact criteria for asserting robust stability using readily available results is given explicitly. To evaluate the capability of the auxiliary control for disturbance rejection, experimental results on a DC joint motor of an articulated robot arm are given. In presence of smooth and abrupt loading variations due to gravity, it appears that the tracking error of the enhanced system can be approximately 67% of that of the unenhanced system. This result is consistent in all three rounds of experiments.
PENERAPAN HUKUM PROGRESIF SEBAGAI PARADIGMA PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM NASIONAL DALAM RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT
Authors: Julranda Rizky , Siagian Michael Geremia , Zalukhu Michael Ariel Perdana
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada bagaimana upaya optimalisasi mekanisme pengakuan masyarakat adat yang berkeadilan dan berpihak pada masyarakat hukum adat, perlindungan dan pemenuhan hak adat, serta peninjauan eksistensi peradilan adat dalam penyelesaian sengketa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan teori dengan menggunakan teori hukum progresif yang bersifat kualitatif serta berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa rancangan undang-undang masyarakat hukum adat yang ada saat ini berkenaan mekanisme pengakuan belumlah optimal dan sarat dengan prosedur yang memberatkan, perlindungan dan pemenuhan hak-hak adat belum menjamin dan menjawab kebutuhan dan perlu adanya pengakuan hak-hak dasar masyarakat adat, serta perlu adanya lembaga peradilan adat dalam penyelesaian sengketa adat.
Karakteristik Perbuatan Advokat yang Termasuk Tindak Pidana Obstruction of Justice Berdasarkan Ketentuan Pidana
Authors: Mayrachelia Difia Setyo , Cahyaningtyas Irma
Published: February 2023

Obstruction of Justice merupakan suatu perbuatan yang diklasifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana karena menghalang-halangi atau merintangi proses hukum pada suatu perkara. Advokat dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya kerap dikaitkan dengan dugaan tindak pidana menghalang-halangi proses hukum terhadap perkara yang dihadapi kliennya. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah, mengetahui pengaturan hukum mengenai obstruction of justice di Indonesia dan karakteristik perbuatan advokat yang dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana menghalang-halangi proses hukum atau obstruction of justice. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah juridis normative. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa obstruction of justice secara umum diatur dalam Pasal 221 KUHP serta dalam peraturan perundang-undangan khusus. Seorang advokat dapat kehilangan hak imunitasnya dan dikatakan melakukan obstruction of justice jika perbuatan tersebut dilakukan tidak didasari itkad baik dan tidak berkaitan dengan tugas profesinya.
Konflik Norma Antara Perlindungan Usaha Kecil Menurut Hukum Persaingan Usaha Indonesia Dengan Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Apriani Desi , Syafrinaldi Syafrinaldi
Published: February 2023

Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli Dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat mengecualikan pelaku usaha kecil yang berarti larangan menurut undang-undang tidak berlaku bagi pelaku usaha kecil. Larangan ini menimbulkan pro-kontra sejak pembahasan RUU di tahun 1998. Di sisi lain Hukum perlindungan konsumen hadir sebagai upaya untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap konsumen dari perilaku pelaku usaha yang melanggar hak-hak konsumen, dimana kerugian konsumen salah satunya disebabkan oleh persaingan usaha tidak sehat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketentuan pengecualian pelaku usaha kecil menurut hukum persaingan usaha Indonesia dengan upaya melindungi konsumen berdasarkan undang-undang perlindungan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan pengecualian pelaku usaha kecil dari hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia, berakibat pelaku usaha kecil dapat menjalankan kegiatan usaha dengan tidak sehat, seperti melakukan perjanjian penetapan harga, pembagian wilayah, dan bentuk persaingan usaha tidak sehat lainnya yang dapat merugikan masyarakat sebagai konsumen. Benturan antara upaya melindungi pelaku usaha kecil menurut hukum persaingan usaha dengan upaya melindungi konsumen dalam hukum perlindungan konsumen.   Ketentuan pengecualian terhadap pelaku usaha kecil perlu mendapat perhatian lebih mendalam, dalam rangka membangun dan menuju hukum yang berkeadilan bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia.
Analisis Kritis Perlindungan Terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga: Kajian Perbandingan Hukum
Authors: Hamida Auliya , Setiyono Joko
Published: February 2023

Perlindungan hak anak seperti yang tertuang dalam bertujuan untuk menjamin terwujudnya perlindungan hak-hak anak. Anak adalah golongan yang rentan dan merupakan harapan masa depan bangsa sehingga anak harus bertumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik secara jasmani dan rohani. Fakta empirisnya, saat ini masih terjadi kekerasan fisik terhadap anak yang dilakukan oleh orangtua yang menimbulkan permasalah terhadap perlindungan bagi anak terutama hak-hak yang dimilikinya. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan mengkaji perbandingan perlindungan hukum bagi anak korban kekerasan rumah tangga di Indonesia dengan Malaysia. Metode pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yang menekankan pada bahan pustaka atau data sekunder. Di Indonesia, perlindungan anak korban KDRT tersebar di beberapa instrumen hukum. Salah satunya diatur dalam Undang-Undang tentang Penghapusan KDRT serta Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan Anak. Sementara di Malaysia, diatur dengan Akta Kanak- Kanak 2001. Malaysia tidak memiliki badan atau lembaga nasional yang khusus untuk menangani permasalahan mengenai anak. Di India terdapat lembaga nasional untuk menangani dan melindungi korban KDRT yaitu API Institute dan NICWRC.
Surat Pernyataan Kepemilikan Manfaat: Perlindungan Terhadap Notaris Dalam Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat?
Authors: Sugiharti Kristantini , Dewi Yetty Komalasari
Published: February 2023

Notaris membutuhkan suatu perlindungan hukum ketika melaksanakan kewajibannya untuk menerapkan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat dari suatu Badan Hukum. Perlindungan tersebut menjadi penting guna meminimalisasi konsekuensi risiko hukum yang dapat terjadi serta mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan Perpres 13/2018 sebagai upaya pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dan Tindak Pidana Pendanaan Terorisme. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis isu-isu terkait Penerapan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat oleh Notaris sebagai salah satu lembaga pelaksana yang ditunjuk oleh Perpres tersebut, yaitu mengenai alasan penting Notaris menerapkan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat dan bagaimana Surat Pernyataan Pemilik Manfaat dapat memberikan perlindungan bagi Notaris yang telah menerapkan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat dari tuntutan hukum. Dengan menerapkan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan, tulisan ini menyimpulkan,  bahwa penting bagi Notaris untuk menerapkan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat, karena Notaris memiliki kewenangan untuk mengenali penghadap guna memperoleh informasi yang benar mengenai penghadap, sehingga dapat berperan sebagai gatekeeper untuk berkontribusi dalam upaya pemberantasan TPPU atau setidaknya mengurangi risiko terjadinya TPPU. Namun demikian, di sisi lain perlindungan hukum bagi Notaris yang telah melaksanakan Prinsip Mengenali Pemilik Manfaat melalui Surat Pernyataan Pemilik Manfaat yang dibuat oleh penghadap tidak sepenuhnya dapat melindungi Notaris dari tuntutan hukum, karena surat tersebut hanya memiliki kekuatan pembuktian sempurna apabila tidak disangkal oleh yang menandatanganinya.
Politik Hukum Penghapusan Hak Gugat Administratif Pada Persetujuan Lingkungan dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional
Authors: Fasha Moch Gandi Nur , Saraswati Retno
Published: February 2023

Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi benturan regulasi hukum dalam sistem hukum nasional adalah membentuk omnibus law Cipta Kerja. Implementasi berlakunya omnibus law Cipta Kerja menimbulkan persoalan, yakni hapusnya hak gugat administratif lingkungan. Upaya hukum administratif lingkungan merupakan upaya preventif hukum dalam mencegah sekaligus meminimalisir pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan hidup. Tulisan ini bermaksud membahas mengenai arah serta karakter daripada politik hukum penghapusan hak gugat administratif pada persetujuan lingkungan dalam sistem hukum nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Arah politik hukum penghapusan hak gugat administratif pada persetujuan lingkungan dalam sistem hukum nasional bertentangan dengan norma hukum Konstitusi Negara Republik Indonesia yang mengatur mengenai pelaksanaan pengelolaan dan perlindungan lingkungan hidup serta tidak mencapai nilai keadilan. Karakter politik hukum penghapusan hak gugat administratif pada persetujuan lingkungan dalam sistem hukum nasional adalah hukum konservatif/ortodok.
Batasan Imunitas Pejabat Negara dalam Melaksanakan Proses Penanganan Dampak Ekonomi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sifany Nadia Alfi , Wisnaeni Fifiana
Published: February 2023

Terciptanya suatu keadilan pada hidup berbangsa dan bernegara wajib didukung dengan kebijakan yang tidak saling bertentangan dengan peraturan yang lainnya. Pemerintah Indonesia sudah mengeluarkan beberapa aturan dalam upaya penyelesaian Pandemi Covid-19, namun aturan yang dikeluarkan tersebut menimbulkan beberapa problematika hukum seperti hak imunitas untuk pejabat pelaksana penyelesaian pandemi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hak imunitas untuk pejabat pelaksana penyelesaian pandemic tersebut. Metode yang dimanfaatkan yakni yuridis normatif, dengan tipe riset deskriptif analitik, jenis data dengan data sekunder, analisis data dilaksanakan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa imunitas pejabat negara merupakan perlindungan hukum bagi pejabat terkait, agar dalam pelaksanaan penanggulangan dampak Covid-19 pejabat tersebut tidak dapat diproses hukum akibat tindakan atau kebijakan yang dilakukan dalam penyelamatan perekonomian dan stabilitas keuangan nasional yang dibatasi oleh AUPB sebagai dasar itikad baik dan dilaksanakan berdasarkan peraruran perundangan yang berlaku. Apabila dalam penanganan dampak ekonomi Pandemi Covid-19 pejabat terkait melakukan penyimpangan dengan tidak ada itikad baik atau melakukan pelanggaran peraturan perundangan, maka pejabat tersebut tetap dapat diadili sesuai hukum yang berlaku.
Uang Kerohiman Sebagai Bentuk Ganti Rugi Untuk Penggarap Tanah Tanpa Ijin Pemiliknya
Authors: Silviana Ana , Yunita Farah Rana
Published: February 2023

Maraknya penggarapan di atas tanah milik orang lain tidak sedikit yang berujung pada sengketa karena fungsi tanah masih menjadikan objek yang vital bagi hidup dan penghidupkan manusia. Penggarapan ter bisa seijin maupun tanpa ijin pemiliknya seperti sengketa penggarapan tanah tanpa ijin pemilik tanah di perkebunan Hak Guna Usaha (HGU) milik PT Buana Estate Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis status dan kedudukan penggarap di atas tanah perkebunan PT Buana Estate, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis proses penyelesaian sengketa antara penggarap dan PT Buana Estate. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan socio-legal. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian pustaka dan lapangan di susun secara sistematis dan dianalisi secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status dan kedudukan penggarap di lokasi tanah HGU atas nama PT Buana Estate ada dua macam, yaitu penggarap dengan ijin dan penggarap tanpa ijin (liar). Penggarap di atas tanah HGU Buana Estatse sebagai penggarap dengan ijin (bukan liar) adalah penduduk lokal yang bertempat tinggal disekitar tanah tersebut. Penyelesaian sengketa antara  penggarap dengan Buana Estate untuk penggarap lokal (petani lokal/setempat) diselesaikan secara kesepakatan melalui pemberian uang kerohiman. Untuk penggarap liar  (tanpa ijin) di selesaikan dengan jalur Pengadilan.
Psychocultural Model of Transcultural Communication
Authors: SHAFIULLAH MOHAMMED
Published: February 2023

Analysis of the dynamic interplay of philosophical, social and psychological processes informs us about the underlying mechanisms of transcultural  communication. The current paper proposes a novel psycho-cultural model based on an understanding of the interplay of cultural and psychological processes in communication between cultures. Analysis of the dynamic interplay of philosophical, social and psychological processes informs us about the underlying mechanisms of transcultural communication.
The Impact of Distance Learning on Academic and Emotional Aspects of Primary School Children
Authors: Capodieci1 Agnese , Galvani Stefania , Nobili Lino , A. Ramenghi Luca , Uccella Sara
Published: February 2023

To reduce the COVID-19 spread, people have been forced to reduce social interactions and this strategy has also been applied to the school world. Italian schools were closed from February to early June 2020 (and, also, thereafter), and distance learning (DL) was adopted to maintain the teaching process. Concerns about consequences for students' learning and affective wellbeing have been risen. In the hypothesis that DL may have influenced students’ learning, we conducted, starting from November 2020 a screening for learning, reading, writing, and calculating skills in children from grade 1st to 3rd grade, to detect any differences between their performance and normative data. Moreover, a survey was carried out on adults (parents and teachers) close to the children involved in the research, to verify whether the experience of the lockdown may have caused emotional and behavioral changes through a questionnaire addressed to parents and teachers. From the analysis of the results, a general lack of performance in the writing tests emerged, with lower performances in children attending second and third-grade classes. Moreover, a consistent prevalence of children’ malaise was observed by adults close to them during the second pandemic wave, with behavioral manifestations seen by the 69.5% of teachers and by the 54.1% of parents.
The relationship between estrogen and subsequent growth restriction among adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding at menarche
Authors: Nelson Jessie M. , Compton Sarah D. , Farahzad Mina M. , Winfrey Olivia K. , Rosen Monica W.
Published: February 2023

Objectives

We sought to evaluate the impact of estrogen-containing treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) on subsequent height compared to progesterone-only or non-hormonal treatment when initiated at menarche.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of adolescent females aged 10–15 years who presented to an institution-affiliated outpatient, inpatient, or emergency setting for management of HMB within three months of menarche. Growth records over a 2 year period starting at menarche were recorded, and comparisons made among patients treated with 1) estrogen, 2) progesterone, and 3) non-hormonal methods (controls). Groups were compared using bivariate analysis with Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and linear regression.

Results

In an analysis of 80 patients at 24 months, the mean increase in height from menarche was 6.4 cm among controls (n=54), 7.2 cm among the progesterone-only group (n=10), and 3.8 cm among the estrogen group (n=16). The estrogen group’s increase in height was significantly lower than the control group’s, by a mean of 1.8 cm (p=0.04). Change in height did not differ significantly between the progesterone and control groups (p=0.87). Additionally, for every year younger at menarche, there was 1 fewer cm of growth (change in height) at 24 months after menarche (p<0.002).

Conclusions

Estrogen-containing treatment for HMB initiated within three months of menarche was associated with reduced growth at 24 months compared to progesterone-only or non-hormonal methods. The clinical applicability of the estrogen group’s 1.8 cm absolute reduction in height may have considerable significance for those who are shorter at baseline.
Palladium-catalyzed activation of HnA–AHnbonds (AHn= CH3, NH2, OH, F)
Authors: Moloto Bryan Phuti , Vermeeren Pascal , Tiezza Marco Dalla , Bouwens Tessel , Esterhuysen Catharine , Hamlin Trevor A. , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias
Published: February 2023

We have quantum chemically studied activation of HnA–AHnbonds (AHn= CH3, NH2, OH, F) by PdLncatalysts with Ln= no ligand, PH3, (PH3)2, using relativistic density functional theory at ZORA-BLYP/TZ2P. The activation energy associated with the oxidative addition step decreases from H3C–CH3to H2N–NH2to HO–OH to F–F, where the activation of the F–F bond is barrierless. Activation strain and Kohn–Sham molecular orbital analyses reveal that the enhanced reactivity along this series of substrates originates from a combination of (i) reduced activation strain due to a weaker HnA–AHnbond; (ii) decreased Pauli repulsion as a result of a difference in steric shielding of the HnA–AHnbond; and (iii) enhanced backbonding interaction between the occupied 4datomic orbitals of the palladium catalyst and σ* acceptor orbital of the substrate.
Mi is az a családi vállalkozás? – A családi vállalkozások meghatározásának problematikája
Authors: Baros-Tóth Ágnes
Published: February 2023

A családi vállalkozások gazdasági szerepe és jelentősége vitathatatlan, azonban még nem sikerült pontos adatokkal alátámasztani, hogy egy adott ország gazdaságán belül milyen arányban működnek családi vállalkozások, a GDP hány százalékát állítják elő és a munkaerő hány százalékát alkalmazzák, hogy csak néhány fontos mutatóra hívjuk fel a figyelmet. A családi vállalkozások tudományos kutatása ténylegesen az 1980-as években kezdődött el, és bár az ezzel kapcsolatos kutatás mostanra magas szintű tudományos elismertséget vívott ki magának, még mindig azzal az akadállyal szembesül, hogy a különböző kutatási eredmények összevetése nem mindig lehetséges a szigorú tudományos elvárások mentén az egységesen elfogadott családi vállalkozás definíció hiánya miatt. Külön nehézséget jelent a családi vállalkozások heterogenitása, mert a kis- és középvállalkozásoktól kezdve a nagy multinacionális, tőzsdén jegyzett vállalatokon keresztül mindenféle méretű és tevékenységű vállalkozás azonosítható családi vállalkozásként.

Jelen tanulmány arra vállalkozik, hogy szakirodalmi kutatásra alapozva megvizsgálja, milyen okokra vezethető vissza ez a jelenség. Ehhez a már használatban lévő családi vállalkozás meghatározásokat több szempontrendszer alapján kategorizálja, összegyűjtve a legfontosabb definíciós kritériumokat, majd kísérletet tesz egy saját családi vállalkozás definíció megfogalmazására.
Comparison of Progressive and Conservative Representations of Men’s Mental Health in Written News Media
Authors: Pagotto Julia Solina Angelyca , Chima Manvir Kaur , Kosgoda Sashini Buddima
Published: February 2023

Men’s mental health has long been stigmatized in Western society. The media plays a substantial role in emphasizing the importance of mental health; however, a gender disparity exists as men are often less highlighted than women in regard to this subject. This study investigated whether a difference in men’s mental health portrayal exists between progressive and conservative news media in the United Kingdom. Using Factiva, eight news articles were analysed; these included: The Guardian, The Daily Mirror, The Daily Telegraph, and The Times, yielding a sample size of 32. Five criteria were established to score the articles on a Yes (1) or No (0) scale. An ANOVA and a t-test were used to determine the statistical significance of the results. The analyses showed significantly higher scores for progressive news media than conservative news media, whereby The Guardian had the highest percentage of articles that included criteria 1 through 4. The findings revealed a significant difference between how men’s mental health is portrayed in progressive versus conservative news media. Specifically, there was a better representation of men’s mental health in progressive news outlets. Since a limited number of papers were analysed, further research should be conducted to better understand the portrayal of men’s mental health in the media.
Historical Analysis of Prevalence and Public Perception of ADHD in Adults Within International News Coverage
Authors: Masood Hassan , Ziae Ryan , Waizi Waslat , Katani Nia
Published: February 2023

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder characterized by the inability to focus or control impulsive, hyperactive behaviour. The research manuscript investigates how the prevalence and language use of media coverage has changed in reporting ADHD among adults. Quantitative data was obtained from news articles published from the Nexis Uni database every 5-years from 2000 to 2020. The prevalence of the articles was determined by inspecting the number of publications during each respective period. The study investigated the language use of ADHD in adults by using the ADHD Descriptive Language (ADL) scale from 1 (derogatory) to 3 (respectful). Results showed an increase in the number of news articles published within each 5-year time frame: 62, 86, 119, and 161 news articles between 2000-2005, 2005-2010, 2010-2015, and 2015-2020, respectively. Language use, determined from the ADL scale, showed a relative percent increase of 4.55%, 9.38%, and 14.6% between each period, respectively. The trend observed for the descriptive language is associated with improved public perception used for the disorder in adults. Further research is necessary to raise awareness and decrease existing prejudice regarding the prevalence and language use of adult ADHD in the media.