bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um ensaio sobre mortes violentas e incidências criminais no Brasil: uma análise descritiva do panorama nacional
Authors: Carneiro Leonardo de Andrade
Published: January 2022

Este trabalhou tem como escopo apresentar o panorama dos agentes privados de liberdade (APL) e as vítimas de mortes violentas no Brasil, evidenciando características sociais e tipos penais. Diversos estudos no Brasil enfatizam que a criminalidade está intrinsecamente relacionada a diversos fatores como o uso de armas de fogo, tráfico de drogas e estrutura urbana precária. Dessa maneira, os procedimentos adotados para atingir os objetivos dessa pesquisa são os descritivos e a abordagem quantitativa. Os dados e informações foram coletados nos relatórios e documentos do Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada/Atlas da Violência (2021), Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Departamento Penitenciário Nacional e Sistema de Informação do Departamento Penitenciário Nacional. Os achados sugerem que a criminalidade violenta no Brasil possui características e circunstâncias que afetam todas as cidades e vitima diversas pessoas, de crianças a idosos, através de homicídio, latrocínio ou lesão corporal seguida de morte, com o uso de arma de fogo, arma branca ou agressão. Os agentes que cometem os crimes e estão presos são adultos com idade entre 18 e 34 anos, são solteiros, autodeclarados pardos, com baixa escolaridade e as maiores incidências criminais são o tráfico de drogas.
Na trilha dos Transposons: a proposta de uma atividade lúdica de baixo custo para facilitar a aprendizagem na Genética
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago Maretti , Karasawa Marines Marli Gniech
Published: January 2022

No ensino superior, na área de Ciências Biológicas, os tópicos de Genética são abstratos, sendo encarados por muitos alunos como complexos. O tema de elementos móveis (transposons) detém uma grande quantidade de informações e termos novos que devem ser muito bem contextualizados pelos discentes. Para vencermos tais obstáculos, facilitando a aprendizagem do conteúdo, o presente artigo possui como principal objetivo propor, construir e abordar uma atividade lúdica denominada “Na trilha dos Transposons”. Utilizando materiais simples e de baixo custo, o jogo se torna um aliado para a busca do conhecimento, atraindo a atenção do aluno e proporcionando uma aula mais lúdica e didática aplicado no ensino superior dentro de disciplinas de Genética Clássica e Biologia Molecular.
Avaliação da Vulnerabilidade Social à ameaça de Fogo na Microrregião Tomé-Açu
Authors: Souza Helena Joseane Raiol , Andrade Milena Marília Nogueira de
Published: January 2022

O fogo no Brasil tem apresentado recentemente números expressivos, atingindo fortemente a floresta tropical úmida, onde vários municípios do Pará lideram o número de queimadas e incêndios florestais, deixando consequências graves no bioma amazônico, elevando a vulnerabilidade dos habitantes das regiões mais afetadas. Logo, é necessário otimizar mecanismos de prevenção dos riscos e preparar comunidades para o enfrentamento a possíveis desastres, capacitando lideranças para tomada de decisões, elevando suas capacidades de resposta para a construção de comunidades resilientes. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a vulnerabilidade social da Microrregião Tomé-açu (MRTA) à ameaça de fogo. Utilizou-se Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) e o ARCMAP 10.5 para elaboração dos mapas; para análises estatísticas multivariadas (K-Means clustering e PCA) usou-se o software R, versão 4.03. Fez-se a análise socioambiental considerando as variáveis demográficas (densidade demográfica e população rural), sociais (vulneráveis por faixa etária e grau de escolaridade) e ambientais (número de focos de calor, precipitação pluviométrica, uso do solo). Os principais resultados apontam o município de Concórdia do Pará com alta vulnerabilidade socioambiental à ameaça de fogo. Com média vulnerabilidade socioambiental aparece Acará, cujas varáveis ambientais favorecem a redução dessa vulnerabilidade, entretanto, as sociais contribuem negativamente para a construção desse indicador. Os demais municípios da MRTA (Moju, Tailândia e Tomé-açu) possuem parâmetros ambientais e sociais muito equivalentes e colaboraram para a construção do indicador de baixa vulnerabilidade socioambiental à ameaça de fogo. Essa pesquisa reforça a necessidade de elevar a escolaridade dessa população para o enfrentamento a possíveis desastres.
Implicações cardiorrespiratórias, por coinfecção bacteriana, em pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 – Revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Antônio Rogério da , Freitas Érisson Rubens Araújo , Batista Maria Luiza Barbosa , Araújo Izabel Cristina Lobo de , Porfirio Marlon Agostinho da Silva , Silva Júnior Roque Ribeiro da , Mello Claudia Vaz Pupo de , Castro Juliana Ramiro Luna , Lima Felipe Crescêncio , Souza Filho Jose Ossian Almeida
Published: January 2022

Desde os registros do surgimento do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV) na China, em 2019, observa-se o processo de aumento de variantes (Alfa, Gama, beta e Delta) e complicações oriundas dela como a coinfecção, situação em que um vírus e um grupo de fungos ou bactérias agem concomitantemente complicando ainda mais o estado de saúde do paciente. O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar as implicações cardiorrespiratórias, por coinfecção de bactérias, em pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19. Este é um estudo caracterizado por uma revisão Integrativa da literatura. Foram localizados 127 artigos a partir da busca avançada e foram selecionados 05 artigos. Como critério de inclusão foram elegíveis periódicos publicados entre 2020 e 2021 no idioma português e inglês, nas bases de dados: PubMed, Cochrane Library e Science Direct. Como critério de inelegibilidade, excluiu-se manuscritos que não respeitaram o objetivo e a pergunta norteadora, monografias, dissertações e teses, cartas ao editor e artigos pagos. Pela análise dos referenciais apresentados, verificou-se uma alta incidência de casos de coinfecção, sendo um dos fatores do agravamento dos pacientes acometidos pela COVID-19. No entanto, pela escassez literária, são necessários mais estudos para aprofundamento sobre o tema.
Avaliação de um programa de curso de Medicina utilizando o módulo lógico
Authors: Paula Stefânia Moreira de , Damázio Laila Cristina Moreira
Published: January 2022

O presenta artigo apresenta avaliação de programas educacionais, mais precisamente o modelo lógico de avaliação, Context a Input a Process a Product (CIPP), para verificar a qualidade do ensino-aprendizagem do curso de medicina de uma instituição pública no interior de Minas Gerais. Dessa forma, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o programa educacional do curso de medicina de uma instituição pública do interior de Minas Gerais utilizando o instrumento de Modelo Lógico ou CIPP. Para isso, foi realizada análise da Diretriz Curricular Nacional (DCN) dos Cursos de Medicina, o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC), as atas do Núcleo Docente Estruturante (NDE) e posteriormente foi realizado levantamentos de dados das entrevistas com os técnicos, discente e docentes do curso. O modelo lógico analisou o programa do curso de medicina apontando para questões que promovem o melhor ensino-aprendizado dos discentes e questões estruturais que necessitam ser melhoradas no município e na instituição de ensino superior.
ANALISIS PERMASALAHAN SIKAP PROFESIONALISME DALAM KINERJA GURU PADA SATUAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Susanti Fani , Rizal Afan Alfian , Febrianti Dwi Erni
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to find out the problem of professionalism in teacher performance in the education unit. This writing uses a descriptive qualitative approach in which to find relevant and valid reading sources to collect accurate data in an effort to support this writing. Basically the problem with professional attitudes arises a lot because of the number of teachers who only master knowledge but do not master some other aspects. So it only teaches but ignores the most important value in education itself. These problems arise due to a lack of self-awareness in an educator. Professionalism is an aspect of expertise in the field that is run. So that efforts to develop, improve, and self-evaluation in educators must be pursued and must be continuously improved. Considering educators are a central and key aspect in achieving educational goals. Teachers with good performance will produce human resources and outputs that will be very beneficial to the nation and the country. Some of the problems in this case are about professionalism towards legislation, professionalism towards peers, profeionalism attitude towards learners, and professionalism attitude towards superiors or leaders. That will be analyzed in this paper to find out the magnitude or small impact that resulted from this.
SASTRA HIJAU PENYELAMAT BUMI
Authors: Sholihah, Utia Putri Utami, Venty Saskia Rohmalita Risa Yanuarti
Published: January 2022

Natural conditions are getting worse. Damage to nature is everywhere. The water is no longer clean, the air is dirty, and the environment is no longer green. Unfortunately, human awareness of the preservation of nature is low. In the name of modernization and development, humans take massive actions regardless of their impact on the environment. This habit is considered normal. Now, nature, which is the carrying capacity for human survival, has become a killing force. Two different views, namely anthropocentrism and ecocentrism, are presented in interpreting nature. Green literature is here to campaign for saving the earth. Green literature not only contains beauty, but also brings people to reflect on the greatness and piety of humans towards the environment. The movement to save the environment through green literature is increasingly being echoed. The idea raised in this article is in the form of a green literary literacy movement. Through the green literary literacy movement, the call to love and care for nature is echoed. A noble act in response to increasingly sad natural conditions.
Kadar Albumin Ikan Glodok Segar Boleophthalmus boddarti dengan Metode Biuret
Authors: Belqis Farah Nabila , Santosa Hari , Syauqi Ahmad
Published: January 2022

one of which is mudskipper. The species Boleophthalmus boddarti is able to survive outside the water for long periods, spending time outside the surface of the water walking, wallowing in mud, and entering burrows it creates. The purpose of this study was to analyze the albumin levels in fresh mudskipper meat of Boleophthalmus boddarti species using the biuret method. The research method is descriptive and is repeated three times. Using the biuret method with the spectrophotometer technique the standard curve equation y = 0.0482x + 0.0036. The highest albumin yield was found in the head meat, weighing 0.085 g with the absorbance in the spectrophotometer was 92.80 nm. Compared with the tail meat, the weight of albumin is 0.080 g and the absorbance is 70.08 nm. The greater the absorbance effect on albumin levels, the average measurement of albumin content of mudskipper species Boleophthalmus boddarti, the highest was found in the head meat, namely 93.667% and the albumin content in the meat of the tail was lower, namely 65.97%.Keywords: Albumin, Protein, Boleophthalmus boddarti ABSTRAK Albumin merupakan komponen protein dalam  plasma yang dapat larut dalam air. Albumin dapat di jumpai dalam sebagian besar protein dalam ikan, salah satunya yaitu ikan glodok. Spesies Boleophthalmus boddarti mampu bertahan hidup di luar perairan dalam waktu yang lama, menghabiskan waktunya di luar permukaan air dengan berjalan, berkubang di lumpur, dan memasuki liang yang dibuatnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa kadar albumin pada daging ikan glodok segar spesies Boleophthalmus boddarti dengan metode biuret. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif dan pengulangan tiga kali. Menggunakan metode biuret dengan teknik spektrofotometer persamaan kurva standart y = 0,0482x + 0,0036. Hasil albumin tertinggi di dapatkan pada bagian daging kepala yaitu seberat 0,085 gr dengan absorbansi dalam spektofotometer adalah 92,80 nm. Dibandingkan dengan bagian daging ekornya  berat albumin yang di dapatkan seberat 0,080 gr dan absorbansi  70,08 nm. Semakin besar absorbansi berpengaruh terhadap kadar albumin, rata – rata pengukuran kadar albumin ikan glodok spesies Boleophthalmus boddarti paling tinggi terdapat pada daging bagian kepala yaitu 93,667 % dan kadar albumin pada daging bagian ekornya lebih rendah yaitu 65,97 %. Kata kunci : Albumin, Protein, Boleophthalmus boddarti
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH OF CHEMISTRY OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IN V.I. VERNADSKY INSTITUTE OF GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY NAS OF UKRAINE: FROM THE 30'S TWENTIETH CENTURY (part 2)
Authors: Koval Larisa , Trunova Elena , Pekhnyo Vasyl
Published: January 2022

The review considers the main stages of development of the chemistry of coordination compounds at the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry. VI Vernadsky National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of its founding. An overview of complex compounds of p, d, f-me­tals with different classes of ligands (inorganic and organic), features of their synthesis, study of the structure and properties of the obtained compounds, contains current material on the use of synthesized complexes to create functional materials for different purposes. Me­thods of synthesis have been developed, do­zens of new coordination compounds with derivatives of hydrazones, amines, azomethanes, and thiosemicarbazones have been synthesized and isolated in the individual state. Their composition, structure and physicochemical pro­perties are determined. The general regularities that take place in the process of comp­lexation of metals with ligands, as well as factors influencing the composition, structure and physico­chemical properties of the obtained coordination compounds are established.
For the long history of the Institute has accumulated a huge amount of material on the problems of modern coordination chemistry. Significant research in this area belongs to Ukrainian scientists who have worked long and fruitfully at the Institute: A.K. Babko, К.B. Yat­si­mirsky, Ya.A. Fialkov, I.A. Sheka, S.V. Volkov, N.A. Kostromina, and who created scientific schools, known not only in Ukraine but also abroad. To date, the attention of scientists of the Institute has shifted from classical monomeric to bigeteronuclear, polynuclear, multiligand complexes, which is primarily due to intensive research of new functional materials: optical and magnetic, biologically active substances, as well as effective adsorbents, che­mical sensors, catalysts, catalysts, catalysts and biochemical processes.
Speak of the Devil and (S)he Appears: The Role of Academic Administrators During Graduate School and Beyond
Authors: Bell Lauren
Published: January 2022

Graduate students, job candidates, and new faculty members encounter administrators in a variety of spaces, and the dizzying array of titles and job descriptions can make it difficult to know exactly who does what. This chapter offers a “who’s who” of administrators on college and university campuses, explains some of the reasons that tensions often exist between faculty members and administrators, and offers graduate students a guide for interacting with administrators during their time in graduate school and as they navigate the academic job market. This manuscript is part of Strategies for Navigating Graduate School and Beyond, a forthcoming volume for those interested in pursuing graduate education in political science (Fall 2022 publication).
The Kanerva Model for Sparse Distributed Memory and the Architecture of the Cerebellum
Authors: Prager Richard
Published: January 2022

It is interesting to compare the connectivity in Kanerva’s sparse distributed memory model with the connectivity in the cerebellum.
Precise Pick & Place System of 7-DoF KUKA Robot, Remote Control, Plotting & Computation of Trajectories, Cartesian Positions and Jacobian Matrices.
Authors: Ansari Ammar Arif , Akbar Shayma , Sankaranarayanan Shravan
Published: January 2022

Using Robotic arm without precise calibration within its working environment can be extremely hazardous to human-life if working in the vicinity of the robot. The paper describes the Robotic and conveyor platforms and presents an algorithm for their design and optimization with autonomous trajectory plotting and intelligent pick & place system. The dependency on the dimensions of the platform, the maximum optimized calibration of the robotic arm is worked out to sense and pick up objectified boxes from the conveyor whilst the keyboard control feature is also added for improvising the calibration process in working of the model. The data matrices obtained from movements of the robot allows us to choose the best of trajectory planning methods and sizing the elements according to the beneficiary's requirements.
Exact Calculation of Ellipse Perimeter by Analytical Method
Authors: Soltani Abolfazl
Published: January 2022

As you know, we do not have any exact equation for calculating the perimeter of an ellipse. In this article, we obtain this equation analytically.
Building vs. Rebuilding Epidermis: Comparison Embryonic Development and Adult Wound Repair
Authors: Park Sangbum
Published: January 2022

Wound repair is essential to restore tissue function through the rebuilding of pre-existing structures. The repair process involves the re-formation of tissue, which was originally generated by embryonic development, with as similar a structure as possible. Therefore, these two processes share many similarities in terms of creating tissue architecture. However, fundamental differences still exist, such as differences in the cellular components, the status of neighboring tissues, and the surrounding environment. Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics, in vivo lineage tracing, and intravital imaging revealed subpopulations, long-term cell fates, and dynamic cellular behaviors in live animals that were not detectable previously. This review highlights similarities and differences between adult wound repair and embryonic tissue development with a particular emphasis on the epidermis of the skin.
Development of an Inflammation-Related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network Based on Competing Endogenous RNA in Breast Cancer at Single-Cell Resolution
Authors: Liu Jingxing , Xiao Shuyuan , Chen Jing
Published: January 2022

The role and mechanism of inflammation in breast cancer is unclear. This study aims to probe the relationship between inflammation and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and to stablish an inflammation-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in breast cancer. Inflammation-related lncRNAs and target genes were screened based on the data from four single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies and miRNAs were bioinformatically predicted according to ceRNA hypothesis. A series of in silico analyses were performed to construct an inflammation-related ceRNA network in breast cancer. Consequently, a total of seven inflammation-related lncRNAs were selected, after which LRRC75A-AS1 was identified as the most potential lncRNA in view of its expression and prognostic predictive value in breast cancer. Finally, an inflammation-related ceRNA network in breast cancer at the single cell level was established based on lncRNA LRRC75A-AS1, miR-3127-5p, miR-2114-3p, RPL36 and RPL27A mRNAs. Collectively, the lncRNA LRRC75A-AS1 and the LRRC75A-AS1-based on ceRNA network may exert crucial roles in modulating inflammation response during the initiation and progression of breast cancer.
Gli Phosphorylation Code in Hedgehog Signal Transduction
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Jiang Jin
Published: January 2022

Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins governs many key processes in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis in species ranging from insects to human. Deregulation of Hh signaling has been implicated in a wide range of human diseases including birth defect and cancer. Hh signaling pathway culminates in the conversion of the latent transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci)/Gli from a repressor form (CiR/GliR) into an activator form (CiA/GliA). Both the production of CiR/GliR in the absence of Hh and the formation of CiA/GliA in response to Hh are regulated by phosphorylation. Whereas previous studies demonstrated that sequential phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), and casein kinase 1 (CK1) at multiple Ser/Thr clusters in the C-terminal region of Ci/Gli targets it for proteolytic processing to generate CiR/GliR, recent studies revealed that phosphorylation of Ci/Gli by the Fused (Fu)/Unc-51 like kinase (Ulk) family kinases Fu/Ulk3/Stk36 and other kinases contributes to Ci/Gli activation. Fu/Ulk3/Stk36-mediated phosphorylation of Ci/Gli is stimulated by Hh, leading to altered interaction between Ci/Gli and the Hh pathway repressor Sufu. Here we review our current understanding of how various Ci/Gli phosphorylation events are regulated and how they influence Hh signal transduction.
Risk Management and Adaptation for Extremes and Abrupt Changes in Climate and Oceans: Current Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Bouwer Laurens M. , Cheong So-Min , Jacot Des Combes Hélène , Frölicher Thomas L. , McInnes Kathleen L. , Ratter Beate M. W. , Rivera-Arriaga Evelia
Published: January 2022

Perspectives for risk management and adaptation have received ample attention in the recent IPCC Special Report on Changes in the Oceans and Cryosphere (SROCC). However, several knowledge gaps on the impacts of abrupt changes, cascading effects and compound extreme climatic events have been identified, and need further research. We focus on specific climate change risks identified in the SROCC report, namely: changes in tropical and extratropical cyclones; marine heatwaves; extreme ENSO events; and abrupt changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Several of the socioeconomic impacts from these events are not yet well-understood, and the literature is also sparse on specific recommendations for integrated risk management and adaptation options to reduce such risks. Also, past research has mostly focussed on concepts that have seen little application to real-world cases. We discuss relevant research needs and priorities for improved social-ecological impact assessment related to these major physical changes in the climate and oceans. For example, harmonised approaches are needed to better understand impacts from compound events, and cascading impacts across systems. Such information is essential to inform options for adaptation, governance and decision-making. Finally, we highlight research needs for developing transformative adaptation options and their governance.
Modeling of Overpressure Generation–Evolution of the Paleogene Source Rock and Implications for the Linnan Sag, Eastern China
Authors: Li Chao , Zhang Likuan , Luo Xiaorong , Wang Bing , Lei Yuhong , Cheng Ming , Luo Hongmei , Wang Changjiang , Yu Lan
Published: January 2022

Subsurface pore pressure affects the direction of hydrocarbon migration, determines the distribution of the hydrocarbon reservoir, and provides scientific reference for drilling planning. Overpressures are widespread in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Linnan Sag, which is closely related to the distribution of oil reservoir. However, the overpressure generation mechanisms are undefined, let alone the relationship between the evolution of paleo-overpressure and hydrocarbon migration in the Linnan Sag, which brings great challenges for the understanding of oil accumulation and future oil exploration. Basin modeling was carried out to solve the issue of quantitative evaluation of overpressure mechanisms and to restore the overpressure evolution of the Paleogene source rocks. The implications for the pore pressure prediction and oil migration in the Linnan Sag were further discussed. The modeling results show that the disequilibrium compaction of mudstones is a dominated overpressure mechanism of source rocks in the Linnan Sag, which accounts for approximately 90% of the measured overpressure in the region. The remainder part of overpressure was generated by hydrocarbon generation; however, the effects of hydrocarbon generation on overpressure evolution were limited in the intervals deeper than 4000 m. The significance of the overpressure mechanism is that the porosity-dependent method will give a satisfactory pressure prediction result in the current exploration depth range (3800–4300 m). The overpressure evolution of the source rock has undergone a cycle of “accumulation-dissipation-reaccumulation,” which corresponds to the age of 45.5–24.0 Ma (Es3-Ed period), 24.6–14.0 Ma (Ed period), and 14.0–0 Ma (Ng-Qp period). The oil potential of the Es3l shows good inheritance with the overpressure in the source rock, indicating overpressure increased the driving force for oil migration. The oil released from the source rock has a trend to migration from the center of the sag to the uplift belt, which is also indicated by the physical properties of crude oil. The knowledge of the generation and evolution of overpressure has great significance for further exploration in the Linnan Sag and other extensional basins.
Approaches to History Teaching According to a Structural Equation Model
Authors: Guerrero-Romera Catalina , Sánchez-Ibáñez Raquel , Miralles-Martínez Pedro
Published: January 2022

Approaches to the teaching and learning of history imply a series of changes and improvements which are adapted to the new epistemological and disciplinary contexts. This calls for a series of transformations in teaching approaches and methodological strategies in order to bring them more into line with the current model of history education. The purpose of this article is to analyse the validity of a questionnaire designed to identify the perceptions of in-service teachers regarding the teaching approaches they believe to be most appropriate for teaching history in primary and secondary/baccalaureate education in Spain. The research methodology employed was quantitative with a non-experimental design based on a Likert-type questionnaire. The sample is non-probabilistic and consists of 332 active teachers who teach history in primary and secondary/baccalaureate education in Spain. For the analysis of the data, a structural equation model was used based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The results indicate that the teachers surveyed identify three teaching approaches in accordance with the theoretical approach underlying the research. Specifically, a traditional approach based on the memorisation of content; an intermediate model in which there is interaction between teachers and students, through strategies such as discussion, and a third focused on students and the development of historical and critical thinking. These results have important implications for the initial and on-going training of teachers, especially in terms of content.
Clinical and Neonatal Outcomes of Children Born After ICSI With or Without Surgically Acquired Sperm: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Du Mingze , Zhang Junwei , Li Zhen , Liu Yang , Wang Kexin , Guan Yichun
Published: January 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of different methods of obtaining sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles on the live birth rate (LBR) and neonatal outcomes.

Methods

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2016 to December 2019. A total of 3557 ICSI cycles were included in the analysis, including 540 cycles in the surgically acquired sperm group and 3017 cycles in the ejaculated sperm group. The main outcome measure was the LBR.

Results

The clinical pregnancy rate in the surgically acquired sperm group was 69.4%, which was significantly higher than the 59.7% clinical pregnancy rate in the ejaculated sperm group (P=0.01). The LBR of the surgically acquired sperm group was significantly higher than that of the ejaculated sperm group (63.1% vs. 51.2%, P<0.01). Similarly, the singleton LBR was also higher in the surgically acquired sperm group than in the ejaculated sperm group (45.4% vs. 39.2%, P=0.04). Due to differences in the baseline characteristics of the two groups, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. After multiple logistic regression analysis, the different methods of obtaining sperm were independent risk factors influencing the clinical pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.73, 95% confidence (CI)=0.56-0.95, P=0.02) and LBR (AOR=0.69, 95% CI=0.54-0.89, P=0.01). The preterm birth rate (AOR=1.42, 95% CI=0.62-3.25, P=0.41) and the incidence of low birth weight (AOR=1.03, 95% CI=0.45-2.34, P=0.95), small for gestational age (AOR=0.81, 95% CI=0.39-1.68, P=0.57), macrosomia (AOR=0.88, 95% CI=0.47-1.66, P=0.70) and large for gestational age (AOR=1.08, 95% CI=0.65-1.82, P=0.76) were not affected by the different methods.

Conclusion

The clinical pregnancy rate and LBR of the surgically acquired sperm group were higher than those of the ejaculated sperm group. There was no significant difference between the neonatal outcomes of the two groups.
Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8/Leptin Crosstalk Influences Cardiac Mass in Youths With Cardiometabolic Risk: The BCAMS Study
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Feng Dan , Wang Yuhan , Dong Peiyu , Wang Yonghui , Zhong Ling , Li Bo , Fu Junling , Xiao Xinhua , Speakman John R. , Li Ming , Gao Shan
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The link between excess adiposity and left ventricular hypertrophy is multifaceted with sparse data among youths. Given that adipokines/hepatokines may influence lipid metabolism in myocardium, we aimed to investigate the relation of the novel hepatokine angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and other adipokines with cardiac structure in a cohort of youths and explore to what extent these adipokines/hepatokines affect cardiac structure through lipids.

Methods

A total of 551 participants (aged 15-28 years) from the Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study (BCAMS) cohort underwent echocardiographic measurements plus a blood draw assayed for five adipokines/hepatokines including adiponectin, leptin, retinol binding protein 4, fibroblast growth protein 21 and ANGPTL8.

Results

Both ANGPTL8 (β = -0.68 g/m2.7 per z-score, P= 0.015) and leptin (β = -1.04 g/m2.7 per z-score, P= 0.036) were significantly inversely associated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) independent of classical risk factors. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly mediated the ANGPTL8–LVMI association (proportion: 19.0% and 17.1%, respectively), while the mediation effect of triglyceride on the ANGPTL8–LVMI relationship was strongly moderated by leptin levels, significantly accounting for 20% of the total effect among participants with higher leptin levels. Other adipokines/hepatokines showed no significant association with LVMI after adjustment for body mass index.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest ANGPTL8, particularly interacting with leptin, might have a protective role in cardiac remodeling among youths with risk for metabolic syndrome. Our results offer insights into the pathogenesis of the cardiomyopathy and the potential importance of tissue-tissue crosstalk in these effects.
Features of Lymph Node Metastasis and Structural Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Located in the Upper Portion of the Thyroid: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Heng Yu , Feng Siqi , Yang Zheyu , Cai Wei , Qiu Weihua , Tao Lei
Published: January 2022

Background

This study aims to reveal the features of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumors located in the upper portion of the thyroid.

Methods

A total of 1075 PTC patients were retrospectively reviewed, including 314 patients with a tumor in the upper portion of the thyroid. Another 103 PTC patients with upper portion diagonsis from three clinical centers were included for external validation.

Results

The results showed no difference between the patients with a tumor in the upper portion of the thyroid and those with a tumor in the non-upper portion in terms of overall LNM rates. However, patients with a tumor in the upper portion were significantly more prone to LLNM and exhibited a significantly worse recurrence outcome than those with a tumor in other subregions. Multivariate analysis showed that four factors—age no more than 40, maximum tumor diameter no less than1.0 cm, the presence of thyroid capsular invasion, and tumor with ipsilateral nodular goiter—were independent risk factors for LLNM of the tumor in the upper thyroid. A predictive risk-scoring model was established based on these factors.

Conclusions

Patients with PTC located in the upper portion may have an exclusive lymphatic drainage pathway to the lateral neck region and are more prone to suffer from LLNM and tumor recurrence than those with a tumor located in other subregions. A new postoperative strategy selection flow chart was established based on our newly created risk-scoring model that can effectively predict the individualized possibility of LLNM for PTC patients with a tumor in the upper portion.
Artificial Light as a Modulator of Mosquito-Borne Disease Risk
Authors: Coetzee Bernard W. T. , Gaston Kevin J. , Koekemoer Lizette L. , Kruger Taneshka , Riddin Megan A. , Smit Izak P. J.
Published: January 2022

Light is a fundamental cue regulating a host of biological responses. The artificial modification thereof demonstrably impacts a wide range of organisms. The use of artificial light is changing in type, extent and intensity. Insect vector-borne diseases remain a global scourge, but surprisingly few studies have directly investigated the interactions between artificial light and disease vectors, such as mosquitoes. Here we briefly overview the progress to date, which highlights that artificial light must be considered as a modulator of mosquito-borne disease risk. We discuss where the mechanisms may lie, and where future research could usefully be directed, particularly in advancing understanding of the biological effects of the light environment. Further understanding of how artificial light may modulate mosquito-borne disease risk may assist in employing and redesigning light regimes that do not increase, and may even mitigate, already significant disease burdens, especially in the developing world.
Machine Learning Revealed Ferroptosis Features and a Novel Ferroptosis-Based Classification for Diagnosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Huang Dan , Zheng Shiya , Liu Zhuyuan , Zhu Kongbo , Zhi Hong , Ma Genshan
Published: January 2022

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Early diagnosis of AMI and interventional treatment can significantly reduce myocardial damage. However, owing to limitations in sensitivity and specificity, existing myocardial markers are not efficient for early identification of AMI. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) have shown excellent performance in identifying significant gene–trait associations and several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Furthermore, ferroptosis is a major driver of ischaemic injury in the heart. However, its specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we screened three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets of peripheral blood samples to assess the efficiency of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) for early diagnosis of AMI. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, TWAS and mRNA expression data were integrated in this study to identify 11 FRGs specifically expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with AMI. Subsequently, using multiple machine learning algorithms, an optimal prediction model for AMI was constructed, which demonstrated satisfactory diagnostic efficiency in the training cohort (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.794) and two external validation cohorts (AUC = 0.745 and 0.711). Our study suggests that FRGs are involved in the progression of AMI, thus providing a new direction for early diagnosis, and offers potential molecular targets for optimal treatment of AMI.
Analysis of Immunological Characteristics and Genomic Alterations in HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Xu Sheng-ming , Shi Chao-ji , Xia Rong-hui , Wang Li-zhen , Tian Zhen , Ye Wei-min , Liu Liu , Liu Shu-li , Zhang Chun-ye , Hu Yu-hua , Zhou Rong , Han Yong , Wang Yu , Zhang Zhi-yuan , Li Jiang
Published: January 2022

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has been approved as an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response predictive biomarker; however, the clinicopathological and molecular features of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma [HPV(+)OPSCC] based on PD-L1 expression are not well studied. We aimed to characterize clinicopathological, tumor immune microenvironmental, and molecular features of HPV(+)OPSCC with different PD-L1 expression scored by combined positive score (CPS). A total of 112 cases were collected from 2008-2021 and received PD-L1 and CD8 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. 71 samples received DNA sequencing out of which 32 samples received RNA sequencing for immune-related gene alterations or expression analysis. The 32 samples were also subjected to analysis of CD20, CD4, CD8, CD68, Foxp3 and P16 by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) staining, and the immune markers were evaluated in the tumor body (TB), tumor margin (TM) and normal stroma (NS) regions separately. Our results showed that of 112 HPV(+)OPSCC tumors, high(CPS≥20), intermediate(1≤CPS<20), and low(CPS<1) PD-L1 expression was seen in 29.5%, 43.8% and 26.8% cases respectively. Non-smoking patients and patients with tumors occurring at the tonsils or having rich lymphocytes infiltration had significantly higher PD-L1 expression. Patients with CPS≥20 had significantly higher tumor mutation burden (TMB, p=0.0058), and PD-L1 expression correlated significantly with CD8+ T cells infiltration, which were ample in tumor regions than in NS in mIF. CD20+, CD4+, CD68+, Foxp3+CD4+ cells were demonstrated to infiltrate higher in TM while CD20+ and CD68+ cells were also enriched in NS and TB regions respectively. However, none of them showed correlations with PD-L1 expression. ARID1A, STK11 alterations were enriched in the low PD-L1 group significantly, while anti-viral immune associated APOBEC mutation signature and immune-related genes expression such as XCL1 and IL11 were positively associated with PD-L1 expression (p<0.05). This is a comprehensive investigation revealing immune and molecular features of HPV(+)OPSCC based on PD-L1 expression. Our study suggested that 73.2% of HPV(+)OPSCC patients may benefit from immunotherapy, and high PD-L1 expression reflects immune-active status of HPV(+)OPSCC accompanied by higher immune effect factors such as TMB, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and immune-related genomic alterations. Our study offers valuable information for understanding the immune features of HPV(+)OPSCC.
Exploiting Glutamine Consumption in Atherosclerotic Lesions by Positron Emission Tomography Tracer (2S,4R)-4-18F-Fluoroglutamine
Authors: Palani Senthil , Miner Maxwell W. G. , Virta Jenni , Liljenbäck Heidi , Eskola Olli , Örd Tiit , Ravindran Aarthi , Kaikkonen Minna U. , Knuuti Juhani , Li Xiang-Guo , Saraste Antti , Roivainen Anne
Published: January 2022

Increased glutamine metabolism by macrophages is associated with development of atherosclerotic lesions. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with a glutamine analog (2S,4R)-4-18F-fluoroglutamine (18F-FGln) allows quantification of glutamine consumption in vivo. Here, we investigated uptake of 18F-FGln by atherosclerotic lesions in mice and compared the results with those obtained using the glucose analog 2-deoxy-2-18F-fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG). Uptake of 18F-FGln and 18F-FDG by healthy control mice (C57BL/6JRj) and atherosclerotic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice expressing only apolipoprotein B100 (LDLR−/−ApoB100/100) was investigated. The mice were injected intravenously with 18F-FGln or 18F-FDG for in vivo PET/CT imaging. After sacrifice at 70 minutes post-injection, tracer uptake was analyzed by gamma counting of excised tissues and by autoradiography of aorta cryosections, together with histological and immunohistochemical analyses. We found that myocardial uptake of 18F-FGln was low. PET/CT detected lesions in the aortic arch, with a target-to-background ratio (SUVmax, aortic arch/SUVmean, blood) of 1.95 ± 0.42 (mean ± standard deviation). Gamma counting revealed that aortic uptake of 18F-FGln by LDLR−/−ApoB100/100 mice (standardized uptake value [SUV], 0.35 ± 0.06) was significantly higher than that by healthy controls (0.20 ± 0.08, P = 0.03). More detailed analysis by autoradiography revealed that the plaque-to-healthy vessel wall ratio of 18F-FGln (2.90 ± 0.42) was significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG (1.93 ± 0.22, P = 0.004). Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that 18F-FGln uptake in plaques co-localized with glutamine transporter SLC7A7-positive macrophages. Collectively these data show that the 18F-FGln PET tracer detects inflamed atherosclerotic lesions. Thus, exploiting glutamine consumption using 18F-FGln PET may have translational relevance for studying atherosclerotic inflammation.
Picturing of the Lung Tumor Cellular Composition by Multispectral Flow Cytometry
Authors: Olesch Catherine , Brunn David , Aktay-Cetin Öznur , Sirait-Fischer Evelyn , Pullamsetti Soni Savai , Grimminger Friedrich , Seeger Werner , Brüne Bernhard , Weigert Andreas , Savai Rajkumar
Published: January 2022

The lung tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer, resulting from the crosstalk between cancer cells and microenvironmental cells. Therefore, comprehensive identification and characterization of cell populations in the complex lung structure is crucial for development of novel targeted anti-cancer therapies. Here, a hierarchical clustering approach with multispectral flow cytometry was established to delineate the cellular landscape of murine lungs under steady-state and cancer conditions. Fluorochromes were used multiple times to be able to measure 24 cell surface markers with only 13 detectors, yielding a broad picture for whole-lung phenotyping. Primary and metastatic murine lung tumor models were included to detect major cell populations in the lung, and to identify alterations to the distribution patterns in these models. In the primary tumor models, major altered populations included CD324+ epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and blood and lymph endothelial cells. The number of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes (Ly6C+ and Ly6C–) and neutrophils were elevated in metastatic models of lung cancer. Thus, the proposed clustering approach is a promising method to resolve cell populations from complex organs in detail even with basic flow cytometers.
Evaluation of Site Suitability for Artificial Reefs Deployment in Southeast Coast of India Using Geographical Information System as a Management Tool
Authors: Jha Dilip Kumar , Pandey Vikas , Santhanakumar J. , Sathish Kumar P. , Venkatnarayanan S. , Jebakumar J. Prince Prakash , Dharani G. , Vijaya R.
Published: January 2022

A planned artificial reef (AR) deployment program as part of a fisheries enhancement might be a useful tool for managers to supplement traditional ways to utilize available space and augment local productivity. Several AR deployment initiatives have been carried out globally, but they are rarely subjected to a rigorous site selection process. We created a site selection procedure in this study that includes systematic stages including exclusion mapping, underwater visual transect, benthic composition, seawater quality, and comparative visual mapping. This research focused on restoring the fishing grounds for artisanal fishermen by deploying AR along the southeast coast of India. The results of each stage in the procedure enabled us to choose suitable locations at a target depth with low wave action, no slope, and a good substrate capable of supporting an AR. Analysis of variance (ANOVA-one way) showed significant (p < 0.05) spatial variation for depth, slope, seawater current, salinity, chlorophyll-a, benthic density, and diversity. The geographical information system (GIS) based model output showed space allocation for AR deployment. The GIS methodology for site selection was developed to be easily adaptable to the demands of diverse artificial reef programs. The integrated strategy has proven to be a successful regulatory intervention for AR deployment practices in order to facilitate coastal restoration and management.
Mechanism of CO2 Capacity Reduction of Flexible Metal-Organic Framework Caused by Water Adsorption
Authors: Watanabe Satoshi , Hiraide Shotaro , Kunimitsu Hayato , Fujiwara Atsushi , Miyahara Minoru T.
Published: January 2022

Elastic layer-structured metal-organic framework (MOF)-11 {ELM-11: [Cu(BF4)2 (4,4′-bipyridine)2]}, which is a crystalline porous material, is a promising adsorbent for high-throughput and high-efficiency separation processes of CO2 because of its peculiar adsorption characteristics originating from the flexibility of the crystal framework. However, the exposure of ELM-11 to water vapor has been reported to reduce its CO2 capacity, which is problematic for processing feed gases that contain a certain concentration of water vapor. In this study, we investigated the stability of ELM-11 against water vapor exposure to reveal the mechanism of CO2 capacity reduction. Our combined measurements of adsorption isotherms and X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the CO2 capacity reduction was caused by the partial formation of a crystalline subphase upon adsorption of water molecules and the subsequent formation of an amorphous phase to relax the crystalline grain boundaries. Because a higher supply rate of water molecules resulted in a larger amount of subphase formation, we concluded that the structural subphase was a metastable kinetically controlled structure, formed through the rate-dependent adsorption of water molecules. These results suggest that slowing the adsorption rate is an effective approach to suppress the formation of the subphase; therefore, we proposed the covering of ELM-11 surfaces with porous shells. We used ELM-12 {[Cu(CF3SO3)2 (4,4′-bipyridine)2]} as a shell material because of its robust stability against water adsorption and affinity with ELM-11. The ELM-12 shell decreased the adsorption rate of water molecules compared with that of bare ELM-11, resulting in the suppression of subphase formation and preventing CO2 capacity reduction. Although further optimization of the shell thickness and coverage is required to keep the capacity completely unchanged, controlling the adsorption rate of water molecules is successfully demonstrated to be possible with shell formation, which is key for industrial applications of ELM-11.
Highly Efficient MoS2/CsxWO3 Nanocomposite Hydrogen Gas Sensors
Authors: Wu Chang-Mou , Shrisha  , Motora Kebena Gebeyehu , Chen Guan-Ying , Kuo Dong-Hau , Gultom Noto Susanto
Published: January 2022

Hydrogen gas sensors are important because of the significant use of hydrogen in industrial and commercial applications. In this study, we synthesized a novel CsxWO3/MoS2 nanocomposite using a solvothermal method. The samples were spin-coated on Si/SiO2 substrates, and the sensors were fabricated with interdigital electrodes. The hydrogen gas sensing properties of the sensor were investigated. CsxWO3/MoS2 exhibited an outstanding hydrogen gas sensing ability at room temperature. In particular, the nanocomposite comprising 15 wt.% MoS2 (15% CsxWO3/MoS2) showed a 51% response to hydrogen gas at room temperature. Further, it exhibited an excellent cyclic stability for hydrogen gas sensing, which is crucial for practical applications. Therefore, this study facilitates the development of effective and efficient hydrogen gas sensors operable at room temperature.