bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) germplasm in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers
Authors: Ninh Thao Thi , Doan Hien Thi , Nguyen Mai Thi , Tran Tran Tu , Dang Phong Dinh Duc , Dinh Son Truong , Nguyen Hai Thanh , Nong Hue Thi , Nguyen Canh Xuan
Published: February 2023

Avocado is a significant cash crop in Vietnam, while little is known about its genetic diversification. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were performed to investigate the genetic diversity of twenty-eight imported and domestic avocado cultivars being maintained at Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Dak Lak, Vietnam. 18 RAPD and 15 ISSR primers produced 3183 and 2807 scorable bands, of which 83.92% and 71.72% were polymorphic, respectively. The RAPD markers exhibited an average PIC of 0.27 and Rp index of 12.63 whereas the mean PIC and Rp values of ISSR primers were 0.21 and 13.37, respectively. The correlation between RAPD and ISSR markers was low (r = 0.338), suggesting that the ability to resolve genetic variation among varieties may relate to the number of detected polymorphisms rather than the marker employed. Nevertheless, the correlation between ISSR and combined data was high (r = 0.791) and the correlation between RAPD and combined matrices was even higher (r = 0.897). This indicates that RAPD markers have slightly higher efficiency over ISSR to resolve genetic variation among 28 avocado cultivars. High genetic diversity among 28 avocado cultivars was revealed with the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranging from 0.623 to 0.913 based on combined data analysis. The UPGMA dendrogram generated from combined RAPD and ISSR data grouped Vietnamese domestic and imported avocado cultivars into three different groups at 72% similarity. These results could be applied to the avocado conservation and breeding programs
Removal of cationic dyes from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant
Authors: Teixeira Yago Neco , Filho Francisco José de Paula , Bacurau Vinícius Pereira , Menezes Jorge Marcell Coelho , Silva Daniel Bernardes , Santos Jober de Queiroz dos , Teixeira Raimundo Nonato Pereira , Nunes João Victor Serra
Published: February 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the removal efficiency of two types of cationic dyes of different classes – methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) – from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant (CaSF) originated from used frying soybean oil. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that the functional groups present on the surface of CaSF can form surface complexes or bonds with the dye molecules and, consequently, promote their adsorption. The adsorption kinetics studies indicated that the equilibrium point of the process is reached in 90 min for both dyes. Equilibrium studies indicated that the adsorption isotherm models that best fit MB and MG were the Langmuir and the Dubinin–Radushkevich models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB and MG, according to the Langmuir model, were 199 and 123 mg·g−1, respectively. In the sight of the high MB and MG removal efficiency (84 and 100%, respectively), the use of CaSF is an excellent alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated by cationic dyes. The adsorption–desorption cycle studies showed that CaSF maintains a good dye removal efficiency for up to three cycles.
Spatial evaluation of groundwater quality using factor analysis and geostatistical Kriging algorithm: a case study of Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Thomas Emmanuel Oluwafemi
Published: February 2023

Necessity calls for the environmental aspects of groundwater to be evaluated and properly managed based on the observed spatial distribution with respect to quality, as it contributes to a significant portion of average water usage globally. Variations in groundwater quality in the Ibadan Metropolis might be a result of physical and chemical trends in the region leading to a decline in quality. The study was geared towards the spatial evaluation of groundwater quality using factor analysis and the Kriging algorithm. The parameters examined include pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, carbonates, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium, which were sampled and analysed from the existing municipal deep wells in the Ibadan Metropolitan area; and distribution maps of each parameter were created using a geostatistical approach. Factor analysis examined the relationship between human activities and concentration levels. Semi-variograms were tested to ascertain the best-fitted model accuracy measures, average standard error, root mean square error, and root mean square error standardised. The groundwater index was calculated to ascertain the drinkability of the water in the study area. Overall, the result shows that the groundwater in the study area is suitable for consumption; drinking, and other uses. Kriging is a suitable assessment tool for modelling environmental parameters.
Selecting renewable desalination using uncertain data: an MCDM framework combining mixed objective weighting and interval MARCOS
Authors: Liu Zhongfang
Published: February 2023

Using renewable energy to drive desalination is increasingly favored to augment water supply, given its cost advantage and energy saving. Divergent renewables can be integrated into different desalination technologies, resulting in the selection of an appropriate renewable desalination being a challenge. This work proposes a multi-criteria decision-making framework to evaluate renewable desalination alternatives from the perspective of multi-dimensional consideration and data uncertainty by developing a mixed objective weighting (MOW) method and extending the method of MARCOS (measurement of alternatives and ranking according to a compromise solution) into uncertain conditions. Mathematical contributions can be found in the two methods, i.e. the MOW improves the objectivity and fairness in the weighting result by considering the dispersions and correlations among the criteria's performances, and interval MARCOS guarantees stability in the ranking result while well preserving the uncertain data. An illustrative case concerning four renewable desalination alternatives is used to test the feasibility of the framework. After implementing comparisons regarding the weighting result and ranking sequence, the effectiveness of the involved methods is confirmed. In conclusion, by fully utilizing objective data concerning renewable desalination while eliminating subjective interference, the developed framework can offer a rational and reliable decision output.
Los desafíos de una bioética global
Authors: Acevedo-Merlano Álvaro
Published: February 2023

Desde que Van Rensselaer Potter escribió su libro Global Bioethics: Building on the Leopold Legacy (1988), la idea de una bioética global, concebida en el marco de un sistema mundo, ha ganado gran popularidad en las últimas décadas (García-Rodríguez et al., 2009); sustentándose en los alcances globales de la tecnociencia y sus posibles impactos en las diversas manifestaciones de la vida (Herrera, 2008; Sayago y Amoretti, 2021), y demandando decisiones agenciadas partiendo de articulaciones entre centros y periferias (Wallerstein, 2005). De acuerdo con esta perspectiva, los humanos no son considerados superiores a las demás especies que habitan la biosfera (Pinto et al., 2018), priorizando la protección y el respeto por la diversidad biológica y cultural (Sarrazin y Redondo, 2022). Como se afirma en la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos Humanos, DUBDH (UNESCO, 2006): la bioética podría ser un instrumento eficaz como propuesta inicial para lograr un respeto ecosistémico (Borgoño, 2009).

La bioética debe propiciar la deliberación para que diversas perspectivas puedan estar en consenso (Parra, 2018). Así, mientras se mantenga la horizontalidad y el respeto por cada una de las cosmologías o epistemes que participan en este concierto de construir una bioética global intercultural, será posible que representantes de diferentes países participen y contribuyan para lograr tal propósito; como lo muestra la DUBDH, por medio de la cual se ha avanzado sobre acuerdos bioéticos desde el respeto por la diferencia (UNESCO, 2006). Con todo, se corre el riesgo de reproducir, privilegiar o defender sutilmente la lógica hegemónica, situación que se debe analizar para no caer en lo mismo que se desea evitar.
Cyclopeptide-based Anti-liver Cancer Agents: A Mini-review
Authors: Li Tingting , Li Tong , Wang Zhiqiang , Jin Yingxue
Published: February 2023

Chemotherapy is one of the most important treatment modalities for liver cancer, especially
for those who are judged as being unsuitable for surgical resection, local ablative therapy, or
transarterial chemoembolization. However, the efficacy of chemotherapy is still unsatisfactory due to
the long duration, side effects and the tendency to develop drug resistance. The development of novel
anti-liver cancer drugs remains imperative. Cyclopeptides have been recognized as new chemical
modalities in drug design due to their unique constrained structures, extensive biological activities,
higher metabolic stability, cell permeability and bioavailability than linear peptides. A lot of cyclic
peptides have been found with potential anti-proliferative activity against malignant cells, and many of
them showed excellent anti-liver cancer activity. In this review, we will discuss in detail the structures
and the anti-liver cancer activity of small and medium-sized cyclopeptides, aiming to offer some
elicitation to chemotherapeutic drug design based on cyclopeptides.
The Synthetic Progress of Fused Bicyclic N,O-acetals
Authors: Yu Shuyan , Liu Zeyu , Lan Hongbing , Qian Kun , Ding Xiaohua , Yin Zhigang
Published: February 2023

Owing to the prevalent occurring in natural products and abundant bioactivities, the effective synthetic methods of fused bicyclic N,O-acetals skeletons are of great interest to chemists. This mini-review summarized the thus far synthetic progress of fused bicyclic N,O-acetals. These works were elaborated according to the different reaction types, including a) hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition of cyclic enamines with oxadienes; b) step-by-step reactions between cyclic enamines and electrophiles with pendant hydroxyl groups; c) [3+2] cycloaddition of indole with quinone or its equivalent and d) other novel strategies. The catalytic systems and reaction mechanisms are mainly described.
Examining the Role of Histaminergic, Orexinergic, and Cannabinergic
Systems in Redox Regulation in Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Torres-Román Ana Laura , Rodríguez-Flores Karla Lucero , Hernández-Mora Víctor Manuel , Ruiz-García Erika , Prospero-García Oscar , Guijosa Alberto , Molina Anayansi , Morales-Mulia Marcela , Aschner Michael , Santamaría Abel , Ortega-Gómez Alette
Published: February 2023

Histaminergic, orexinergic, and cannabinoid systems play a role in both physiologic and
oncogenic mechanisms in digestive tissues. These three systems are important mediators of tumor
transformation, as they are associated with redox alterations, which are key aspects in oncological
disorders. The three systems are known to promote alterations in the gastric epithelium through intracellular
signaling pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased
Akt, which might promote tumorigenesis. Histamine promotes cell transformation through
redox-mediated alterations in the cell cycle, DNA repair, and immunological response. The increase
in histamine and oxidative stress generates angiogenic and metastatic signals through the VEGF receptor
and H2R-cAMP-PKA pathway. Immunosuppression in the presence of histamine and ROS is
linked to a decrease in dendritic and myeloid cells in gastric tissue. These effects are counteracted by
histamine receptor antagonists, such as cimetidine. Regarding orexins, overexpression of the Orexin 1
Receptor (OX1R) induces tumor regression through the activation of MAPK-dependent caspases and
src-tyrosine. OX1R agonists are candidates for the treatment of gastric cancer by stimulating apoptosis
and adhesive interactions. Lastly, cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor agonists increase ROS, leading
to the activation of apoptotic pathways. In contrast, cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor agonists
decrease ROS formation and inflammation in gastric tumors exposed to cisplatin. Overall, the repercussion
of ROS modulation through these three systems on tumor activity in gastric cancer depends
on intracellular and/or nuclear signals associated with proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and cell
death. Here, we review the role of these modulatory systems and redox alterations in gastric cancer.
Roles of Microglia in AD Pathology
Authors: Rong Gao , Hongrong Wu , Qingqi Li , Jianfeng Zhao
Published: February 2023

Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are two main characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As cerebral resident phagocytes, microglia have different roles in Aβ pathology and tau pathology. In this review, we discuss microglial functions in the formation, clearance, and spread of Aβ and tau. Many receptors and enzymes, which are related to microglia, participate in AD pathologies and thus are thought to be potential targets of AD. So, making use of microglia can be beneficial to confine AD pathologies. To sum up, we review the roles of microglia in AD pathology and possible corresponding treatments.
Neurobehavioral Profiles of Six Genetically-based Rat Models of Schizophrenia-
related Symptoms
Authors: Oliveras Ignasi , Cañete Toni , Sampedro-Viana Daniel , Río-Álamos Cristóbal , Tobeña Adolf , Corda Maria Giuseppa , Giorgi Osvaldo , Fernández-Teruel Alberto
Published: February 2023

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder with high heterogeneity in its symptoms
clusters. The effectiveness of drug treatments for the disorder is far from satisfactory. It is widely
accepted that research with valid animal models is essential if we aim at understanding its genetic/
neurobiological mechanisms and finding more effective treatments. The present article presents an
overview of six genetically-based (selectively-bred) rat models/strains, which exhibit neurobehavioral
schizophrenia-relevant features, i.e., the Apomorphine-susceptible (APO-SUS) rats, the Low-prepulse
inhibition rats, the Brattleboro (BRAT) rats, the Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR), the Wisket
rats and the Roman High-Avoidance (RHA) rats. Strikingly, all the strains display impairments in prepulse
inhibition of the startle response (PPI), which remarkably, in most cases are associated with
novelty-induced hyperlocomotion, deficits of social behavior, impairment of latent inhibition and cognitive
flexibility, or signs of impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) function. However, only three of the
strains share PPI deficits and dopaminergic (DAergic) psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion
(together with prefrontal cortex dysfunction in two models, the APO-SUS and RHA), which points out
that alterations of the mesolimbic DAergic circuit are a schizophrenia-linked trait that not all models
reproduce, but it characterizes some strains that can be valid models of schizophrenia-relevant features
and drug-addiction vulnerability (and thus, dual diagnosis). We conclude by putting the research based
on these genetically-selected rat models in the context of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)
framework, suggesting that RDoC-oriented research programs using selectively-bred strains might
help to accelerate progress in the various aspects of the schizophrenia-related research agenda.
An Efficient Multi-Functionalized Synthesis of N-Arylated Indole-3-
Substituted-2-Benzimidazoles as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Basha Shaik Firoj , Reddy Yeruva Pavankumar , Settipalli Poorna Chandrasekhar , Prasad Tangella Nagendra , Kumar Vadiga Shanthi , Basha Gajula Mahaboob , Aruna Varimadugu , Mulakayala Naveen , Anwar Shaik
Published: February 2023

A convenient, efficient method for synthesising indole-3-substituted-2-benzimidazoles and
benzothiazoles was carried out using N-arylation followed by condensation-oxidation protocol. Narylation
of 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde was carried out via CuI/DMED to yield 1-(3-((tertbutylsulfonyl)
methyl)phenyl)-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde. Condensation using various o-phenylenediamines
in the presence of CAN/DMF as oxidant furnished the desired 2-(1-(3-((tert-butylsulfonyl)
methyl)phenyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. In addition to simple o-phenylenediamines,
1,2-arylenediamines substituted with withdrawing and donating groups, heterocyclic-2,3-phenylene
diamines are well tolerated and give good yields of up to 74% yield. As simple reaction between ophenylenediamines
and 1H-substituted indole-3-carboxyaldehyde give indole-3-substituted-2-
benzimidazoles with moderate to good yields. These novel indole-derived benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles
have shown their efficacy as anti-cancer agents with various cancer K-562, MDA-MB231,
colon-205 cell lines.
Necrotizing Scleritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Clinical Case Report
Supported by A Brief Review with Risk of Bias Analysis
Authors: Busnelo Moreno Celso , Gonçalves Cruz João Carlos , Zotarelli-Filho Idiberto Jose , de Lima Batista Ribeiro Junior Maurélio , Colombo Barboza Marcello Novoa , Colombo Barboza Guilherme Novoa , Gouvêa Barioni Marta Fabiane
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Necrotizing scleritis (NS) presents 30%-40% as having a systemic auto-immune condition.

Objective:

To present a clinical case report and a systematic review of necrotizing scleritis with ocular manifestation as the first sign of rheumatologic disease.

Methods:

The present study was elaborated according to the rules of CARE.

Case Report:

A female patient, 63 years old, a white, administrative assistant, presented irritation, low visual acuity (LVA) in the left eye (LE), and headache. Biomicroscopy (BIO) in the right eye (RE) was normal, and the LE showed hyperemia and scleral thinning. After 1 month, the patient re-turns without signs of infectious diseases in the exams, and after a rheumatological evaluation with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, methotrexate and prednisone are prescribed. After 2 months, she relapsed and started treatment with anti-TNF, with remission after the 4th dose. After 1 year, she evolved with LVA in LE.

Results:

A total of 244 articles were found, 104 articles were evaluated and 10 were included in the brief review. The symmetrical Funnel Plot does not suggest a risk of bias.

Conclusion:

Both in the present case report and the literary findings, it was evidenced that the oph-thalmologic findings may precede the systemic changes of the disease for the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
Potential Bioactive Components of Manisrejo Leaf Extract Downregulate MDA and Upregulate Monocytes in Rabbits
Authors: Susatia Budi , Rahman Nur , Adelina Rany
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Antioxidants derived from herbal plants can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase monocytes in experimental animals. The administration of manisrejo leaf extract is expected to reduce MDA and increase monocytes. Manisrejo leaves, which are still closely related to berries (Vaccinium sp), have been widely studied as natural antioxidants. This study aimed to elucidate the potential bioactive of manisrejo leaf extract against MDA and monocytes in rabbits.

Methods:

This study applied the posttest-only control group design. The object of the study was 20 male broiler rabbits aged 2 months treated with manisrejo leaf extract. During the 28 days, the objects were divided into 5 groups; P0 was given normal feed, P1 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 2.5 g/kg BW, P2 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 5 g/ kg BW, P3 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 10 g/kg BW, and P4 normal feed plus manisrejo extract as much as 20 g/kg BW.

Results:

The data were processed using SPSS using OneWay ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed albumin levels (p = 0.899), AST (Aspartate transaminase) levels (p = 0.198), ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) levels (p = 0.216), cholesterol levels (p = 0.995), monocyte levels (p = 0.014), lymphocyte levels (p = 0.903), leukocyte levels (p = 0.934), neutrophil segment levels (p = 0.210), MDA levels (p = 0.001), and CD44 levels (p = 0.894).

Conclusion:

Manisrejo leaf extract may contain some potential bioactives that affect downregulating MDA levels and upregulating monocytes in rabbits.
Review on Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Characteristics
of Medicinal Plants which can be used to Design a Novel Ayurvedic
Formulation to Treat Hypertension in Multidimensional Approaches
Authors: Maurya Rahul , Boini Thirupataiah , Misro Lakshminarayana , Radhakrishnan Thulasi , Singh Ravindra
Published: February 2023

Background:

Hypertension is a cardiovascular disorder that is an incurable clinical condition.
It requires lifelong therapy for its management along with long terms application of synthetic
drugs associated with severe toxicity in multiple organs. However, the therapeutic application of
herbal medicines to treat hypertension has gained considerable attention. The limitations and hurdles
associated with conventional plant extract medications are their safety, efficacy, dose, and unknown
biological activity.

Objective:

In the modern era, the active phytoconstituent-based formulation has come into trend.
Various extraction techniques have been reported to extract and isolate active phytoconstituents.
Pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative analytical methods were developed
for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The passage of time and changes in lifestyle also
modulate the variable cause of hypertension. Single-drug-based approach therapy cannot efficiently
control the cause of hypertension. Designing a potent herbal formulation with different active constituents
and modes of action against hypertension is necessary to effectively manage hypertension.

Methods:

This review comprises a selection of three different plants, Boerhavia diffusa, Rauwolfia
Serpentina, and Elaeocarpus ganitrus exhibiting antihypertension activity.

Results:

The objective behind selecting individual plants is their active constituents which have different
mechanisms of action for the treatment of hypertension. This review comprises the various extraction
methods of the active phytoconstituents and pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical,
and quantitative analysis parameters, respectively. It also lists active phytoconstituents present in
plants and the different pharmacological modes of action. Selected plant extracts have different antihypertensive
mechanisms. Extract of Boerhavia diffusa consisting of Liriodendron & Syringaresnol
mono β-D-Glucosidase exhibit Ca2+ channel antagonistic activity; where Reserpine is a phytoconstituent
of Rauwolfia serpentina, which depletes catecholamine, Ajmalin shows an antiarrhythmic effect
by blocking the sodium channel and the aqueous extract of E. ganitrus seeds reduces mean arterial
blood pressure by inhibiting the ACE enzyme.

Conclusion:

It has been revealed that poly-herbal formulation of respective phytoconstituent can be
used as potent antihypertensive medicine to treat hypertension effectively.
Refining Protein Interaction Network for Identifying Essential Proteins
Authors: Zhang Houwang , Feng Zhenan , Wu Chong
Published: February 2023

Aim:

The study aimed to reconstruct the protein-protein interaction network for the identification
of essential proteins.

Background:

In a living organism, essential proteins play an indispensable role in its survival and development.
Hence, how to identify essential proteins from the protein interaction network (PIN) has become
a hot topic in the field of bioinformatics. However, existing methods’ accuracies for identifying
essential proteins are still limited due to the false positives of the protein-protein interaction data.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to propose an efficient algorithm for the reconstruction of a
protein-protein interaction network.

Methods:

In this paper, a method for the refinement of PIN based on three kinds of biological data
(subcellular localization data, protein complex data, and gene expression data) is proposed. Through
evaluating each interaction within the original PIN, a refined clean PIN could be obtained. To verify the
effectiveness of the refined PIN for the identification of essential proteins, we applied eight networkbased
essential protein discovery methods (DC, BC, CC, LC, HC, SC, LAC, and NC) to it.

Result:

Based on the obtained experimental results, we demonstrated that the precision for identifying
essential proteins could be greatly improved by refining the original PIN using our method.

Conclusion:

Our method could effectively enhance the protein-protein interaction network and improve
the accuracy of identifying essential proteins. In the future, we plan to integrate more biological information
to enhance our refinement method and apply it to more species and more PIN-based discovery
tasks, like the identification of protein complexes or functional modules.
Proof of concept for incremental sheet metal forming by means of electromagnetic and electrohydraulic high-speed forming
Authors: Holzmüller M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The combination of incremental sheet metal forming and high-speed forming offers new possibilities for flexible forming processes in the production of large sheet metal components of increased complexity with relatively low forming energies. In this paper, the general feasibility and process differences between the pulse-driven high-speed forming technologies of electrohydraulic and electromagnetic forming were investigated. An example component made of EN AW 6016 aluminum sheet metal was thus formed incrementally by both processes and the forming result evaluated by an optical 3D measurement system. For this purpose, a forming strategy for electromagnetic incremental forming (EMIF) was developed, tested and adapted to the electrohydraulic incremental forming process (EHIF). The discharge energy, the tool displacement and the pressure field of the forming zone were determined as relevant parameters for the definition of an adequate tool path strategy. It was found that the EHIF process is less affected by larger distances between the tool and the blank, while this is a critical variable for force application to the component during EMIF. On the other hand, the more uniform pressure distribution of the EMIF process is advantageous for forming large steady component areas.
Numerical and experimental investigations of piercing fibre-reinforced thermoplastics
Authors: Gröger B.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The joining of continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites (TPC) by means of plastic deformation often results in a complex material structure in the forming zone. Especially process- and material-related parameters have high influence on the local deformation behaviour and therefore on the properties of the joint. In this paper, the focus is on mechanical joining processes based on the principle of moulding holes by a tapered pin. For the investigations, a simplified test is used in which the pin is pushed through a heated TPC plate in the thickness direction. By the pin movement the fibres and molten matrix are displaced radially and along the tool motion direction. Detailed investigations of the resultant material structure by computed tomography and numerical simulations are performed with varying pin tool geometries with bidirectional TPC material. For numerical analysis, the Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian method combined with a multi-filament approach is used. The result show that the tool geometry has a strong influence on the piercing force, the resultant material structure, and the occurring phenomena. It could be shown, that the simulation is capable to predict the resultant material structure.
Influence of distinct tool pin geometries on aluminum 8090 FSW joint properties
Authors: Rana H.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Aluminum Lithium alloys are recuperating substantial interest from automotive and aerospace industries owing to their extraordinary specific strength as compared to conventional aluminum (2xxx, 6xxx, and 7xxx) alloys. The goal of the present investigation is to study AA 8090 joints produced with the unique solid-state welding technique friction stir welding (FSW). Tool pin profile induces remarkable influence on friction and further plastic deformation during FSW. Therefrom, the influences of three distinct but constant dynamic area conditioned tool pin geometries namely, square trapezoidal, hexagonal trapezoidal, and threaded taper on the resulting material flow patterns, mechanical properties, and the microstructure have been studied and discussed in detail. The FSW joint produced with hexagonal trapezoidal pin geometry delivered the highest joint resistance owing to grain refinement and almost flawless microstructure.
Numerical investigation on the influence of hydroxide production on the high-cycle fatigue behavior of clinched joints
Authors: Harzheim S.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Corrosion usually has detrimental effects on the longevity of metallic structures. Several corrosion mechanisms exist, which affect the metallic structures differently. Galvanic corrosion is a major corrosion phenomenon that occurs when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other and with an electrolyte. Due to galvanic corrosion, the less noble metal dissolves which can shorten the service life of the metallic component significantly. However, recent research has shown that corrosion can have a beneficial impact on metal joints. Brief exposure of clinched specimens to a salt spray environment extends the corroded specimen’s fatigue life. The present work introduces a simulation procedure which can numerically predict the effects of corrosion product formation on the fatigue life of clinched joints.
A calibration method for failure modeling in clinching process simulations
Authors: Böhnke M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In the numerical simulation of mechanical joining technologies such as clinching, the material modeling of the joining parts is of major importance. This includes modeling the damage and failure behavior of the materials in accordance with varying occurring stress states. This paper presents a calibration method of three different fracture models. The calibration of the models is done by use of experimental data from a modified punch test, tensile test and bulge test in order to map the occurring stress states from clinching processes and to precisely model the resulting failure behavior. Experimental investigations were carried out for an aluminum alloy EN AW-6014 in temper T4 and compared with the simulative results generated in LS-DYNA. The comparison of force-displacement curves and failure initiation shows that the Hosford–Coulomb model predicts the failure behavior for the material used and the tests applied with the best accuracy.
Development of progressive tool system for ultrasonic vibration assisted microforming
Authors: Kiswanto G.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The demand for biodegradable implants is increasing as their efficiency in reducing the number of removal surgery after the healing process. However, the fabrication of magnesium miniplate by microforming is still a challenge due to its mechanical properties at room temperature and the micro-scale of the implant’s product. In this research, ultrasonic vibration is used to improve the production quality of micro-forming magnesium. The fabrication of miniplate magnesium includes micro blanking, micro punching, and micro stamping processes. The progressive system is adapted into the tool due to the constraint of design complexity. The simulation was conducted to validate the tool design and microforming process. The result of this research is a complete set of tool designs that is capable to integrate with Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Microforming (UVAM) for producing miniplate implants with desired quality and accuracy. Furthermore, micro punching and microstamping stress decreased by around 30% when assisted with Ultrasonic Vibration.
Warm forming of thermoplastic fibre metal laminates
Authors: Harhash M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In this paper, the forming behaviour of sheet-like metal/polymer/metal (MPM) and thermoplastic fibre metal laminates (TFMLs) is introduced. TFMLs are based on thin metallic cover sheets and fibre-reinforced thermoplastic matrix (here polyamide 6). With this material combination, the specific mechanical, structural, thermal and acoustic properties can be improved and designed compared to the monomaterials and laminates without fibre reinforcements. However, the restricted formability of TFMLs at room temperature is a strong limitation. Therefore, the approach of this study is concerned with the fundamental description of the influence of warm forming on the degree of the forming improvement of pre-bonded TFMLs sheets experimentally via the investigation of the deep drawability and determining the forming limit curves compared to the formability of steel and MPM sheets. Two elevated test temperatures (200 and 235 °C) besides the room temperature are considered. The results of this approach revealed that warm forming could lead to over 300 % improvement of the forming limit curve (FLC) level of TFML; however, an ignorable difference between 200 and 235 °C is found. For steel and MPM sheets, increasing the temperature showed a slight improvement. Regarding deep drawing, similar results like for FLC were found, where the drawing depth of TFML could be increased from approx. 15 mm up to at least 40 mm before cracking. However, other failure types arose like wrinkling and core squeezing-out. Therefore, a one-step deep drawing approach for TFMLs is foreseen, where the adhesion and forming processes take place simultaneously.
Experimental investigation on thinning and forming force acting on multi-stage single point incremental forming
Authors: Bari N.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This paper describes a study of thinning and forming force in multi-stage single point incremental forming. Four process parameters namely pitch, tool diameter, blank thickness and initial draw angle are considered to study their influence on maximum thinning and peak forming force. Experiments are designed using face-centered composite design (CCD). Experimental results are analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is found that initial draw angle is the most influencing parameter for maximum thinning, while peak forming force is most influenced by blank thickness. Maximum thinning decreases with decrease in initial draw angle and increase in blank thickness. Peak forming force decreases with decrease in blank thickness. Moreover, predictive models are developed for maximum thinning and peak forming force. Also, optimization of parameters is carried out to minimize thinning and forming force. The confirmation tests are performed to validate predictive model and optimization results.
Ethnographic Causality
Authors: Abell Peter , Engel Ofer
Published: February 2023

The book explores the problem of causal inference when a sufficient number of comparative cases cannot be found, which would permit the application of frequency based models formulated in terms of explanatory causal generalizations.
Acciones del Ejército Nacional para contrarrestar los daños ambientales por explotación ilícita de yacimientos mineros
Authors: Castro-Carreño Anderson , Leguizamón-Zárate Cristian Alexander , Suárez-Gaitán Víctor Alfonso , Bello-Mora Juan Pablo
Published: February 2023

Este capítulo señala que el territorio colombiano tiene un suelo y subsuelo con altas concentraciones de material mineral como oro, plata y bronce. Esto ha generado interés interna-cional y local, y ha despertado el interés de nacionales y extranjeros, para hacerse acreedores de estos materiales mineros de manera legal e ilegal. Mediante el análisis investigativo se logró determinar que muchos de estos actores buscan apoderarse del territorio y fortalecer los medios de financiación y enriquecimiento ilícito, con la extracción de oro sin contar con licencias otorgadas por el Estado, lo cual genera acciones de explotación sin los debidos controles ambientales y un abuso de los recursos propios de cada bioma, en los que se afecta la condición natural de los territorios explotados y las fuentes hídricas por el uso de sustancias químicas para la extracción de minerales.
Neural Bypasses: Literature Review and Future Directions in Developing Artificial Neural Connections
Authors: Zuccaroli Isabella , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Palla Adhith , Eremiev Alexander , Sorrentino Zachary , Zakare-Fagbamila Rasheedat , McNulty Jack , Christie Carlton , Chandra Vyshak , Mampre David
Published: February 2023

Reported neuro-modulation schemes in the literature are typically classified as closed-loop or open-loop. A novel group of recently developed neuro-modulation devices may be better described as a neural bypass, which attempts to transmit neural data from one location of the nervous system to another. The most common form of neural bypasses in the literature utilize EEG recordings of cortical information paired with functional electrical stimulation for effector muscle output, most commonly for assistive applications and rehabilitation in spinal cord injury or stroke. Other neural bypass locations that have also been described, or may soon be in development, include cortical-spinal bypasses, cortical-cortical bypasses, autonomic bypasses, peripheral-central bypasses, and inter-subject bypasses. The most common recording devices include EEG, ECoG, and microelectrode arrays, while stimulation devices include both invasive and noninvasive electrodes. Several devices are in development to improve the temporal and spatial resolution and biocompatibility for neuronal recording and stimulation. A major barrier to entry includes neuroplasticity and current decoding mechanisms that regularly require retraining. Neural bypasses are a unique class of neuro-modulation. Continued advancement of neural recording and stimulating devices with high spatial and temporal resolution, combined with decoding mechanisms uninhibited by neuroplasticity, can expand the therapeutic capability of neural bypassing. Overall, neural bypasses are a promising modality to improve the treatment of common neurologic disorders, including stroke, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, brain injury and more.
Características y ventajas de un invernadero
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip tecnológico verá las características y ventajas de un invernadero.
Vías de acceso y planos en cítricos
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip tecnológico se muestra el proceso de trazado para el aprovechamiento de terreno y producción de cultivos en cítricos.
Tutorado de mora
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

Debido a que el hábito de crecimiento de la mora es de tipo rastrero, es necesario orientar su crecimiento. Aprenda en este clip tecnológico a hacer un tutorado de mora.
Tipos de fermentadores en cacao
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este videoclip, se muestra el paso a paso de cómo es el proceso de fermentación en cajones de madera.
Sistemas silvopastoriles
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se muestran las ventajas de los sistemas silvopastoriles, gracias a las buenas prácticas agrícolas y el consumo de carne de buena calidad.
Chinche del aguacate
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se muestran las recomendaciones tecnológicas sobre el control de la chinche del aguacate evitando problemas fitosanitarios.
Cicatrización
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se explica como hacer la cicatrización en los cultivos de aguacate hass para un mejor manejo de la producción.
Control de malezas en ají
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

Disminuir las malezas del cultivo permiten mayor rendimiento en la producción y ayuda en el control de plagas y enfermedades. En este clip se presenta el control de malezas en el cultivo de ají.
Desguasque
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se muestra el paso a paso de una buena practica agrícola en el cultivo de plátano conocido como desguasque, donde se eliminan las hojas secas con el fin de evitar las plagas.
Control de malezas en la caña panelera
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

El control de las malezas es una práctica esencial para la producción en caña panelera, el presente video clip muestra el paso a paso para su debido control.
Chronic Disease Prediction Using the Common Data Model: Development Study
Authors: Lee Chanjung , Jo Brian , Woo Hyunki , Im Yoori , Park Rae Woong , Park ChulHyoung
Published: February 2023

Background

Chronic disease management is a major health issue worldwide. With the paradigm shift to preventive medicine, disease prediction modeling using machine learning is gaining importance for precise and accurate medical judgement.

Objective

This study aimed to develop high-performance prediction models for 4 chronic diseases using the common data model (CDM) and machine learning and to confirm the possibility for the extension of the proposed models.

Methods

In this study, 4 major chronic diseases—namely, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease—were selected, and a model for predicting their occurrence within 10 years was developed. For model development, the Atlas analysis tool was used to define the chronic disease to be predicted, and data were extracted from the CDM according to the defined conditions. A model for predicting each disease was built with 4 algorithms verified in previous studies, and the performance was compared after applying a grid search.

Results

For the prediction of each disease, we applied 4 algorithms (logistic regression, gradient boosting, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting), and all models show greater than 80% accuracy. As compared to the optimized model’s performance, extreme gradient boosting presented the highest predictive performance for the 4 diseases (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease) with 80% or greater and from 0.84 to 0.93 in area under the curve standards.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the possibility for the preemptive management of chronic diseases by predicting the occurrence of chronic diseases using the CDM and machine learning. With these models, the risk of developing major chronic diseases within 10 years can be demonstrated by identifying health risk factors using our chronic disease prediction machine learning model developed with the real-world data–based CDM and National Health Insurance Corporation examination data that individuals can easily obtain.
Exploring Stakeholder Requirements to Enable Research and Development of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in a Hospital-Based Generic Infrastructure: Results of a Multistep Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Weinert Lina , Klass Maximilian , Schneider Gerd , Heinze Oliver
Published: February 2023

Background

Legal, controlled, and regulated access to high-quality data from academic hospitals currently poses a barrier to the development and testing of new artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. To overcome this barrier, the German Federal Ministry of Health supports the “pAItient” (Protected Artificial Intelligence Innovation Environment for Patient Oriented Digital Health Solutions for developing, testing and evidence-based evaluation of clinical value) project, with the goal to establish an AI Innovation Environment at the Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany. It is designed as a proof-of-concept extension to the preexisting Medical Data Integration Center.

Objective

The first part of the pAItient project aims to explore stakeholders’ requirements for developing AI in partnership with an academic hospital and granting AI experts access to anonymized personal health data.

Methods

We designed a multistep mixed methods approach. First, researchers and employees from stakeholder organizations were invited to participate in semistructured interviews. In the following step, questionnaires were developed based on the participants’ answers and distributed among the stakeholders’ organizations. In addition, patients and physicians were interviewed.

Results

The identified requirements covered a wide range and were conflicting sometimes. Relevant patient requirements included adequate provision of necessary information for data use, clear medical objective of the research and development activities, trustworthiness of the organization collecting the patient data, and data should not be reidentifiable. Requirements of AI researchers and developers encompassed contact with clinical users, an acceptable user interface (UI) for shared data platforms, stable connection to the planned infrastructure, relevant use cases, and assistance in dealing with data privacy regulations. In a next step, a requirements model was developed, which depicts the identified requirements in different layers. This developed model will be used to communicate stakeholder requirements within the pAItient project consortium.

Conclusions

The study led to the identification of necessary requirements for the development, testing, and validation of AI applications within a hospital-based generic infrastructure. A requirements model was developed, which will inform the next steps in the development of an AI innovation environment at our institution. Results from our study replicate previous findings from other contexts and will add to the emerging discussion on the use of routine medical data for the development of AI applications.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/42208