bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Typology of Green Entrepreneurs Based on Institutional and Resource-based Views
Authors: Nikolaou I. E. , Tasopoulou K. , Tsagarakis K.
Published: January 2018

This article examines the key factors that stimulate entrepreneurs to invest in green entrepreneurship. To answer this, a typology has been developed to first clarify the general categories of green entrepreneurs and second to identify the types of incentives that affect each category of green entrepreneurs to move into green entrepreneurship. The proposed context of theoretical analysis is based on two schools of thought: the resource-based view (RBV) and institutional theory. The findings offer various interesting types of green entrepreneurs and incentives that affect their decisions which are dependent on the extent of significance of institutional and resource-based factors. Some types of green entrepreneurs seem to be purely affected by institutional context, while other types of green entrepreneurs invest in green entrepreneurship merely to reach individual strategic, innovation and competitive advantage goals (i.e., RBV). Finally, some entrepreneurs prefer to engage in green entrepreneurship ventures mainly to satisfy idealistic expectations.
Predictive Modelling for Turn Around Time (TAT) of Discharge Process for Insured Patients in a Corporate Hospital of Pune City
Authors: Shukla Kasturi , Upadhyay Shrishti
Published: January 2018

Background:

Delayed discharge is a frequent issue in majority of the hospitals as discharge Turn Around Time (TAT) for insured patients is higher than uninsured patients. The present study was conducted on insured in-patients to identify the predictors of discharge delays. Second, the impact of TAT of various steps of discharge process was analyzed on the overall discharge TAT. Finally, the intermediate TATs having highest predicting effect on the overall TAT were identified.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was done on insured in-patients of a corporate hospital in Pune city from May to July 2015. TAT of the six steps of discharge process and the overall TAT was tracked and analyzed across Length of Stay (LOS) and discharge type using independent t-test. The six TATs were analyzed for predicting effect on overall TAT using correlation and linear regression.

Results:

The mean discharge TAT for insured patients ( n = 443) was 390 (±122.03) minutes. Intervening TATs for submitting discharge summary to TPA department and the final bill approval from insurance company had highest predicting effect on overall TAT through statistical analysis. Discharge TAT did not vary significantly for planned/unplanned discharge but significantly increased by 1 hour for high LOS patients ( p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Discharge delay for insured patients is a common phenomenon. Hospitals and insurance companies must make combined efforts to control the delay. Further the delay from hospitals must be checked by timely submission of discharge summary and required reports as well as sending a quick reply to the generated queries.
Book Review: Bhangya Bhukya, The Roots of the Periphery: A History of the Gonds of Deccan India
Authors: Nathan Dev
Published: January 2018

Bhangya Bhukya, The Roots of the Periphery: A History of the Gonds of Deccan India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2017, ₹750, xvii + 209 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-946808-9.
Constitutional courts as European Union courts
Authors: Paris Davide
Published: January 2018

In principle, constitutional courts do not review questions of domestic compliance with EU law, as these are considered to be outside their jurisdiction. But there are several exceptions in which EU law serves as a yardstick for constitutional review. This article focuses on these exceptions from a comparative perspective. First, it describes the ‘state of the art’ by examining whether and to what extent constitutional courts already use EU law as a standard for their decisions and invalidate domestic legislation or courts’ decisions that conflict with EU law. Then, it explores the limits within which EU law can be invoked as a yardstick for constitutional review without jeopardizing the principle of primacy of EU law. Finally, it argues that constitutional courts should not be afraid to embrace EU law as a standard for review: Doing so would not only contribute to a better protection of fundamental rights and the rule of law in Europe, but would also further the interests of constitutional courts.
Blending In While Standing Out: Selective Conformity and New Product Introduction in Family Firms
Authors: Mazzelli Ambra , Kotlar Josip , De Massis Alfredo
Published: January 2018

Research on the conformity-distinctiveness trade-off in family firms is divided. Examining the product innovations of Spanish manufacturing firms between 1998 and 2012, we hypothesize that family and nonfamily firms conform selectively and are driven by different motivations. Family firms align with their closest peers to avoid social losses while nonfamily firms conform to firms with different attributes to pursue social gains. Moreover, propensity to conform leads to more substantive organizational responses in family firms. We contribute to understanding how family firms navigate the conformity-distinctiveness trade-off, unveil the cognitive dimension of conformity, and address the puzzling evidence on family firm innovation.
An Institution-Based View of Large Family Firms: A Recap and Overview
Authors: Peng Mike W. , Sun Wei , Vlas Cristina , Minichilli Alessandro , Corbetta Guido
Published: January 2018

This article sketches the contours of an institution-based view of family ownership and control in large firms, with a focus on institutional roots, institutional relatedness, and institutional transitions. The institution-based view brings considerable continuity to family-firm research. It also offers significant novelty in helping resolve some puzzles. Specifically, it answers why the Berle and Means hypothesis on the “inevitability” of separation of ownership and control has not received support in many parts of the world. Finally, its broad scope enables us to integrate institution-based arguments with an important recent debate on the socioemotional wealth (SEW) priorities of family firms.
Organizational Employment versus Self-Employment: Reasons for Career Choice Intentions
Authors: Kolvereid Lars
Published: January 2018

This research developed a classification scheme of reasons given for preferring self-employment versus organizational employment. Using an open-ended approach, data were collected from persons who had obtained a master's degree in business from a Norwegian business school during the 1987–1994 period. The classification scheme that emerged questions the relevance of earlier models, which have been used to explain and predict occupational status choice.
Judicial Appeal of Due Process Hearing Rulings: The Extent and Direction of Decisional Change
Authors: Zirkel Perry A. , Skidmore Cathy
Published: January 2018

Extending the scope of two exploratory single-state studies, this empirical analysis determined the extent and direction of the outcome change from the impartial hearing officer (IHO) decision to the final court decision for a national sample of cases under the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act. Based on a random sample of 116 published court decisions from 1998 through 2016, the authors identified the rulings for “issue categories,” such as eligibility, free appropriate public education, and tuition reimbursement, in the final court decision and, via its published opinion, the preceding adjudicative levels down to the IHO. The primary finding for the 183 issue category rulings was that 70% had only slight or no change from the IHO to the final court level. Other findings included the following: (a) the net change was higher for states with a second administrative tier, which is a review officer, than for those with only the single tier of an IHO; (b) the net change was also higher for cases reaching the appellate rather than only the trial court level; and (c) the most frequent issue categories were free appropriate public education (55%) and tuition reimbursement (18%), both with a slight net outcome change in the district’s direction.
German Version of the Inventory of Motivations for Hospice Palliative Care Volunteerism: Are There Gender Differences?
Authors: Stelzer Eva-Maria , Lang Frieder R. , Hörl Melanie , Kamin Stefan T. , Claxton-Oldfield Stephen
Published: January 2018

The present study examined gender differences in motivations for volunteering for hospice using a German version of the Inventory of Motivations for Hospice Palliative Care Volunteerism (IMHPCV). The IMHPCV was translated into German and back-translated into English following the World Health Organization’s guidelines for the translation and adaptation of instruments. In an online survey, 599 female and 127 male hospice volunteers from hospice organizations throughout Germany completed the translated version of the IMHPCV, the Scales of the Attitude Structure of Volunteers as well as questions pertaining to their volunteer experience. Based on an exploratory structural equation modeling approach, adequate model fit was found for the expected factor structure of the German version of the IMHPCV. The IMHPCV showed adequate internal consistency and construct validity. Both female and male hospice volunteers found altruistic motives and humanitarian concerns most influential in their decision to volunteer for hospice. Personal gain was least influential. Men rated self-promotion, civic responsibility, and leisure as more important than women. Analyses provided support for the use of the IMHPCV as a measurement tool to assess motivations to volunteer for hospice. Implications for recruitment and retention of hospice volunteers, in particular males, are given.
What We Do
Authors: Friebel Thessa R. , Morris Paul , Thorburn Guy
Published: January 2018

The Hynes pharyngoplasty is the second most often performed procedure for velopharyngeal insufficiency in the United Kingdom and Ireland. A crucial step of the procedure is reliable fixation of the flaps onto the posterior pharynx wall. We prefer to fix the flaps to the prevertebral fascia. By using a manually straightened needle and a skin hook, in our hands, placement of this stitch can be made easier and faster.
Warfarin Dose Adjustment After Biliopancreatic Diversion/Duodenal Switch Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Bolduc Catherine , Flamand-Villeneuve Joëlle , Giroux Isabelle , Lebel Stéfane , Simard Serge , Picard Frédéric
Published: January 2018

Background: The absorption of drugs and fat-soluble vitamins is impaired after bariatric surgery on which intestinal length and function are altered. In this context, the anticoagulant effect of warfarin is difficult to predict in the postoperative period. Objective: This study aimed at describing the average weekly warfarin dose required to maintain a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) before and up to 1 year after sleeve gastrectomy with biliopancreatic diversion and duodenal switch (BPD/DS). Secondary end points included the number of patients requiring a minimal 20% reduction in their weekly dose of warfarin following the BPD/DS. Methods: This descriptive and retrospective longitudinal population study included 20 patients using warfarin who underwent BPD/DS. An INR was considered nontherapeutic if it was below or above 15% of the targeted therapeutic range for any given patient. Results: One month after the surgery, the median weekly dose of warfarin was 55% lower than the preoperative dose ( P < 0.0001). In the 9 patients with full follow-up data, the warfarin dose at 1 year was still 39% lower than the preoperative dose ( P < 0.05). At that time, all patients presented a minimal dose reduction of 20%. Conclusions: BPD/DS robustly reduced the requirement of warfarin, which resulted in lower doses after surgery. This persisted over the first year after the surgery, likely because of enhanced sensitivity. The mechanisms for this effect remain multifactorial, and the exact extent of change in dose cannot be predicted.
Radiographic Measurements Associated With the Natural Progression of the Hallux Valgus During at Least 2 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Lee Seung Yeol , Chung Chin Youb , Park Moon Seok , Sung Ki Hyuk , Ahmed Sonya , Koo Seungbum , Kang Dong-wan , Lee Kyoung Min
Published: January 2018

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the radiographic measurements associated with the progression of hallux valgus during at least 2 years of follow-up.

Methods:

Seventy adult patients with hallux valgus who were followed for at least 2 years and underwent weightbearing foot radiography were included. Radiographic measurements included the hallux valgus angle (HVA), hallux interphalangeal angle, intermetatarsal angle (IMA), metatarsus adductus angle, distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), tibial sesamoid position, anteroposterior (AP) talo–first metatarsal angle, and lateral talo–first metatarsal angle. Patients were divided into progressive and nonprogressive groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors that significantly affected the progression of hallux valgus deformity. The correlation between change in HVA and changes in other radiographic indices during follow-up was analyzed.

Results:

The DMAA ( P = .027) and AP talo–first metatarsal angle ( P = .034) at initial presentation were found to be significant factors affecting the progression of hallux valgus deformity. Change in the HVA during follow-up was significantly correlated with changes in the IMA ( r = 0.423; P = .001) and DMAA ( r = 0.541; P < .001).

Conclusion:

The change in the HVA was found to be significantly correlated with changes in the IMA and DMAA. A future study is required to elucidate whether this correlation can be explained by the progressive instability of the first tarsometatarsal joint. We believe special attention needs to be paid to patients with pes planus and increased DMAA.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Returning Home: Incarceration, Reentry, Stigma and the Perpetuation of Racial and Socioeconomic Health Inequity
Authors: Tyler Elizabeth Tobin , Brockmann Bradley
Published: January 2018

This article describes overlapping links among incarceration, poor health, race, and stigma, and stigma's impact on the health of former prisoners and their families and communities. The authors include policy recommendations to reduce the impact of incarceration and stigma.
A New Framework for Evaluating the Potential for Drug Law to Produce Stigma: Insights from an Australian Study
Authors: Seear Kate , Lancaster Kari , Ritter Alison
Published: January 2018

Alcohol and other drug-related stigma is a growing concern. Many organizations have called for a reduction in such stigma through law reform, but there is little sense of how, precisely, this might be achieved. This paper reports on a new method to examine the relationship between stigma and the law and establish a framework that can guide and inform future law reform efforts.
Improvement in Existing Chest Wall Irregularities During Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Huber Katherine M. , Zimmerman Amanda , Dayicioglu Deniz
Published: January 2018

Mastectomies for both cancer resection and risk reduction are becoming more common. Existing chest wall irregularities are found in these women presenting for breast reconstruction after mastectomy and can pose reconstructive challenges. Women who desired breast reconstruction after mastectomy were evaluated preoperatively for existing chest wall irregularities. Case reports were selected to highlight common irregularities and methods for improving cosmetic outcome concurrently with breast reconstruction procedures. Muscular anomalies, pectus excavatum, scoliosis, polythelia case reports are discussed. Relevant data from the literature are presented. Chest wall irregularities are occasionally encountered in women who request breast reconstruction. Correction of these deformities is possible and safe during breast reconstruction and can lead to improved cosmetic outcome and patient satisfaction.
Scientific Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Science in South Korea: Does Knowledge Lead to Favorable Attitudes?
Authors: Lee Soobum , Kim Sei-Hill
Published: January 2018

According to the scientific literacy model, enhancing the public’s knowledge of science will dispel misperceptions, which in turn can promote more favorable attitudes toward scientists and their research. Using data from a national survey of South Koreans, our study closely examines how different types of scientific knowledge (factual vs. procedural) are associated with different predictors of attitudes ( perceived level of risk, uncertainty of risk, controllability of risk, and perceived trust in scientists), which in turn mediate the link between knowledge and attitudes. Unlike the findings from other countries, we found that scientific knowledge, both factual and procedural, was overall negatively—rather than positively—associated with South Koreans’ attitudes toward science. Findings also demonstrated that knowledge could have either a positive or negative indirect effect, depending upon the types of mediators and the types of knowledge involved in producing such an effect. Implications of the findings are discussed in detail.
Experimental study on the dynamic properties of the dual-chamber solid and liquid mixture vibration isolator
Authors: Li FS , Chen Q , Zhou JH
Published: January 2018

The dual-chamber solid and liquid mixture (SALiM) isolator exhibits multiple stiffness and damping properties with various parameters. As a passive isolation device, the dual-chamber SALiM isolator can also obtain a variable stiffness property by substituting the valve with an active throttle device. Before that, the dynamic properties of the isolator need to be further investigated. Sine sweep tests under different valve openings were implemented to analyze the frequency response characteristics of the system. Two hydro pressure sensors were added into the two chambers to record the pressure signals, with which the equivalent stiffness, equivalent damping, fluid damping, and equivalent mass of the liquid column were identified. Based on the test results, numerical and theoretical analysis, the dynamic properties of the isolator including the influence of the fluid damping and inertia mass on the equivalent stiffness, the relation between the isolator's equivalent damping and the fluid damping, the fluid capacity of the linking tube, and the equivalent mass of the liquid column were analyzed in depth. Conclusions about stiffness and damping obtained from the test results correspond well with those from the theoretical analysis, but the identification results of the equivalent mass, which show that the negative correlation of equivalent mass of the liquid column with its response amplitude seems controversial. An assumption is proposed to explain the abnormal characteristics of the liquid column. However, the exact model of the inertia track needs further exploration and verification.
Mother–Child Coregulation of Parasympathetic Processes Differs by Child Maltreatment Severity and Subtype
Authors: Lunkenheimer Erika , Busuito Alex , Brown Kayla M. , Skowron Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2018

Parasympathetic processes appear to underlie maladaptive parent–child interactions in maltreating families, but it is unknown whether parent–child coregulation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) differs by child maltreatment severity and subtype. RSA coregulation in maltreating and nonmaltreating mother–child dyads ( N = 146; age 3–5 years) during two dyadic tasks was analyzed using dynamic time series modeling. Nonmaltreating dyads showed positive RSA concordance but maltreating dyads (when examined as one group) did not. However, when examined separately by subtype, physically abusive dyads showed positive concordance and neglectful dyads no concordance, in dyadic RSA. Patterns were further modified by maltreatment severity, which predicted discordant RSA (one partner’s RSA predicting decreases in the other’s) in both groups. Specifically, higher physical abuse severity predicted lower resting child RSA, declining mother RSA over time, and mother RSA predicting declines in child RSA over time, suggesting a mother-driven dyadic stress response. Higher neglect severity predicted increasing child RSA over time and child RSA predicting declines in mother RSA over time, suggesting a child-driven maternal stress response. These findings show there are distinct patterns of RSA coregulation in nonmaltreating, physically abusive, and neglectful mother–child dyads, which may inform etiology and intervention with respect to stress regulation in maltreating families.
If It Wasn’t Rape, Was It Sexual Assault? Comparing Rape and Sexual Assault Acknowledgment in College Women Who Have Experienced Rape
Authors: Donde Sapana D. , Ragsdale Sally K. A. , Koss Mary P. , Zucker Alyssa N.
Published: January 2018

The present study investigated (a) comparisons in rates of rape and sexual assault acknowledgment and (b) a comprehensive multivariate multinomial logistic model predicting rape and sexual assault acknowledgment in a sample of 174 college women who had experienced rape. Significantly more women acknowledged having experienced sexual assault than rape. Greater perceived perpetrator force was associated with increased likelihood of rape and sexual assault acknowledgment. Increased age and greater perceived emotional impact were associated with increased odds of rape acknowledgment. Implications for policy, education, and practice within university settings are discussed.
Campus Sexual Assault: Future Directions for Research
Authors: McMahon Sarah , Wood Leila , Cusano Julia , Macri Lisa M.
Published: January 2018

Campus sexual assault (CSA) has received unprecedented attention over recent years, resulting in an abundance of federal guidance and mandates. In response, efforts to address and prevent CSA at Institutions of Higher Education (IHE) across the country have grown quickly, including the development and implementation of programs and policies. Because the changes on campuses have occurred at such a rapid pace, a number of gaps exist within the field of CSA research. To ensure that changes on IHE are evidence-based, there is a need to review the existing research available and the inquiry still needed, based on key areas outlined in federal guidance, the expressed needs of campus community members, survivors, and students who commit sexual offenses on college campuses. The purpose of this review is to summarize the empirical research related to CSA gained from the past two decades and identify areas in which further work is needed, specifically related to key areas identified in recent guidance provided to IHE. This article concludes with guidance for research moving forward to help strengthen response and prevention efforts.
Increasing Home Health Face-to-Face Certification: Impact of a Hospital-Based Intervention
Authors: Pelland Kimberly , Cooper Emily , DaCunha Alyssa , Calandra Kathleen , Gardner Rebekah
Published: January 2018

Medicare requires that home health patients have a face-to-face visit with a physician when services are initiated and that physicians provide certification of this encounter before home health agencies (HHAs) can be reimbursed. We assessed an intervention to increase completion of face-to-face certification by hospital physicians at discharge using a retrospective chart review. We found a shift in the source and timeliness of certification among intervention hospitals. Pre-intervention, hospital physicians completed face-to-face certifications for 18.7% of patients and community physicians completed certifications for 47.2% ( p < .001), compared with 44.4% and 24.3% ( p < .001) post-intervention. Shifting the source of certification from community to hospital physicians helped HHAs by reducing the burden of tracking down certification from community physician offices and facilitating timely care for recently hospitalized patients.
Geometrical nonlinear characteristics of functionally graded structure using functionally graded piezoelectric materials
Authors: Susheel CK , Sharma Anshul , Kumar Rajeev , Chauhan Vishal S
Published: January 2018

In the present article, a parametric study on the geometric nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of thin functionally graded structure sandwiched between functionally graded piezoelectric materials is presented. The properties of functionally graded material are graded in the thickness direction according to a power law distribution and variation of electric field is assumed to be quadratic across the thickness of functionally graded piezoelectric materials layers. The structure is modeled using finite element modeling. The finite element formulation is derived using Hamilton’s principle using full geometric nonlinearities. This is done by using Green-Lagrangian strains instead of von-Karman strains which are usually used by most researchers while conducting similar studies. The ensued non-linear algebraic equations are then solved using the modified Newton–Raphson method. A fuzzy logic controller is used to attenuate the vibration occurring in the host structure.
The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor 22 (PTPN22) R620W Functional Polymorphism in Psoriasis
Authors: Bin Huraib Ghaleb , Al Harthi Fahad , Arfin Misbahul , Rizvi Sadaf , Al-Asmari Abdulrahaman
Published: January 2018

Background:

Psoriasis is a complex autoimmune disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. PTPN22 gene polymorphism has been reported to affect psoriasis susceptibility; however, no data are available for Middle Eastern populations.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of PTPN22 (1858C/T) R620W polymorphism with psoriasis in a Saudi cohort.

Methods:

Saudi subjects (n = 306) including patients with psoriasis (n = 106) and matched controls (n = 200) were studied for PTPN22 variants using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction method. The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of PTPN22 (1858C/T) polymorphism were compared between patients and controls.

Results:

The frequency of CT genotype of PTPN22 (1858C/T) polymorphism was significantly higher, whereas that of CC genotype was lower in patients with psoriasis than in controls ( P < .001, relative risk [RR] = 7.151). The homozygous genotype TT was absent in both the patients and healthy controls. The frequency of allele T encoding tryptophan (W) was significantly increased ( P < .001, RR = 5.76), whereas that of allele C encoding arginine (R) decreased in psoriasis cases as compared with controls ( P < .001, RR = 0.173) indicating that individuals carrying allele T are more susceptible to psoriasis than noncarriers.

Conclusions:

PTPN22 (1858C/T) polymorphism is positively associated with susceptibility of psoriasis in Saudis and can be developed as biomarker for evaluating psoriasis risk. However, further studies on PTPN22 polymorphism in larger samples from different geographical areas and ethnicity are warranted.
Awareness of ‘Systolic Anterior Motion’ in Different Conditions
Authors: Raut Monish , Maheshwari Arun , Swain Baryon
Published: January 2018

Perioperative echocardiography, especially transesophageal echocardiography, is of paramount importance in evaluating and managing refractory hypotension, a potential cause of which is systolic anterior motion (SAM) of anterior mitral leaflet. Dynamically moving anterior mitral valve leaflet towards the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is described as SAM. Although SAM was initially observed in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, it can also be seen in patients with complex dynamic anatomy of the left ventricle. Interestingly, SAM may or may not give rise to clinically significant LVOT obstruction. Hence, it is of paramount importance for perioperative physician to know such ‘dynamic SAM’ which can potentially and significantly affect and alter perioperative management.
Rethinking coalition size and trade policies in authoritarian regimes: Are single-party dictatorships less protectionist?
Authors: Wu Wen-Chin
Published: January 2018

Recent studies find that single-party dictatorships are more open to trade due to their larger coalitions than other types of dictatorships. However, this line of research assumes that the preference for trade policies is homogeneous among members of the coalition. This assumption means existing studies fail to explain why single-party dictatorships have more dispersed and complex tariffs rates, an alternative form of protectionism. In this article, I argue that the heterogeneous preferences for free trade among social groups lead to tariff complexity under dictatorships with large coalitions. When dictators need to build larger coalitions, they do not need to exclude all special interest groups but to respond to heterogeneous demands of trade policies in a more selective way. Thus, politicians under single-party dictatorships are more likely to set ad hoc tariffs to favor different members in their coalitions, resulting in complex tariff schedules.
Moving upstream in health promoting policies for older people with early frailty in England? A policy analysis
Authors: Drennan Vari , Walters Kate , Avgerinou Christina , Gardner Benjamin , Goodman Claire , Frost Rachael , Kharicha Kalpa , Iliffe Steve , Manthorpe Jill
Published: January 2018

Objectives

Globally, populations are rapidly ageing and countries have developed health promotion and wellbeing strategies to address increasing demand for health care and old-age support. The older population is not homogeneous however, and includes a large group in transition between being active and healthy to being frail, i.e. with early frailty. This review explores the extent to which policy in England has addressed this group with a view to supporting independence and preventing further progression towards frailty.

Methods

A narrative review was conducted of 157 health and social care policy documents current in 2014–2017 at three levels of the health and social care system in England.

Findings

We report the policy problem analysis, the shifts over time in language from health promotion to illness prevention, the shift in target populations to mid-life and those most at risk of adverse outcomes through frailty, and changes to delivery mechanisms to incentivize attention to the frailest rather than those with early frailty. We found that older people in general were not identified as a specific population in many of these policies. While this may reflect a welcome lack of age discrimination, it could equally represent omission through ageism. Only at local level did we identify some limited attention to preventative actions with people with early frailty.

Conclusion

The lack of policy attention to older people with early frailty is a missed opportunity to address some of the demands on health and social care services. Addressing the individual and societal consequences of adverse experiences of those with the greatest frailty should not distract from a more distinct public health perspective which argues for a refocusing upstream to health promotion and illness prevention for those with early frailty.
Exploring the market appeal of Indigenous tourism: A netnographic perspective
Authors: Holder Afiya , Ruhanen Lisa
Published: January 2018

Indigenous tourism in Australia continues to decline in spite of the global marketing efforts of the country’s national tourism organization. One suggestion is that social desirability bias in previous visitor demand studies has been masking the underlying causes for this low market appeal. A netnographic approach was adopted in this exploratory study that utilized 4684 online reviews from international visitors to elicit qualitative insights into visitor’s satisfaction and dissatisfaction with their Indigenous tourism experiences in Australia, with the aim of uncovering the underlying factors which may account for declining visitor demand. The netnographic approach provided a wealth of insights into the aspects of the experience that visitors viewed both favourably and unfavourably. In fact, it is demonstrated that international visitors are overwhelmingly positive about their experiences, a finding not typically supported in the existing research. As such, this study has highlighted that there is a dissonance between those who actually participate in an Indigenous experience and non-visitors; a number of potential reasons for this are discussed, as are the marketing implications.
Be creative for the state: Creative workers in Chinese state-owned cultural enterprises
Authors: Lin Jian
Published: January 2018

This article studies creative labour in Chinese state-owned cultural enterprises (SOCEs). Based on the empirical analysis of fieldwork data, it analyses the governmentality of creative labour in Chinese SOCEs through an investigation of the condition of autonomy and the discourse of self-realization within selected Chinese media companies. The autonomy of creative work within the system is made contingent by the party state’s ideological concern, while since the commercialization reform of SOCEs, creative workers are also expected to ‘be creative for the state’ under the discourse of self-realization. In practice, as the case of loafing on the job illustrates, the system causes marked contradictions that furnish creative individuals with possibilities to distance themselves from the expected subjectivity of ‘being creative for the state’. This article offers an exemplary case study of how the governance of creativity and creative labour works in Chinese SOCEs, and of how it distinguishes itself from the creativity dispositif in the West. It suggests that the theorization of creative labour needs to go beyond the western neoliberal perspective and take into account the diversity of socio-political contexts across the world.
Turning challenges into design principles: Telemonitoring systems for patients with multiple chronic conditions
Authors: Sultan Mehwish , Kuluski Kerry , McIsaac Warren J , Cafazzo Joseph A , Seto Emily
Published: January 2018

People with multiple chronic conditions often struggle with managing their health. The purpose of this research was to identify specific challenges of patients with multiple chronic conditions and to use the findings to form design principles for a telemonitoring system tailored for these patients. Semi-structured interviews with 15 patients with multiple chronic conditions and 10 clinicians were conducted to gain an understanding of their needs and preferences for a smartphone-based telemonitoring system. The interviews were analyzed using a conventional content analysis technique, resulting in six themes. Design principles developed from the themes included that the system must be modular to accommodate various combinations of conditions, reinforce a routine, consolidate record keeping, as well as provide actionable feedback to the patients. Designing an application for multiple chronic conditions is complex due to variability in patient conditions, and therefore, design principles developed in this study can help with future innovations aimed to help manage this population.
The wavelet transfer function of a human body–seat system
Authors: Błażejewski Andrzej , Głowiński Sebastian , Maciejewski Igor
Published: January 2018

In the analysis of vibration systems, classical transfer functions are used. Usually, it is the ratio of Fourier or Laplace transforms. The wavelet transfer function is proposed in this work. In this paper, the wavelets transfer function is the ratio of output and input wavelet transforms. It is considered as a distinctive correlation of the output and input system signals. The wavelet transform consists of coefficients, where the first is a scale and second time shift. To get input and output signals in the human body–seat system the dedicated test stand was made. The stand consists of a seat, moved by special shaker, which is used as a mechanical vibration device. The control program included in the source file is taken to imitate angular position of the engine. Motor shaft is connected with exciter’s moving parts and stand base, which influences directly on the seat position. The disturbance signal usually simulates a horizontal road influence on a driver. It can be considered as a low-frequency signal. It is measured by accelerometers called inertial sensors, which are placed on the platform of the shaker. The output signal is measured by an accelerometer placed on a seat and on the human head. Both signals are recorded by the Inertia Studio software wireless in the real time. After the measurement, the signals are transformed into wavelet coefficients by using Matlab package functions. The transfer function and its visualization are presented in two dimensions scale-time. The scale is related to frequency (pseudo-frequency). By the transfer function it is possible to analyze the systems, evaluate safety, compare the systems, and many more.
Extending the remit of evidence-based policing
Authors: Brown Jennifer , Belur Jyoti , Tompson Lisa , McDowall Almuth , Hunter Gillian , May Tiggey
Published: January 2018

Evidence-based policing (EBP) is an important strand of the UK’s College of Policing’s Police Education Qualifications Framework (PEQF), itself a component of a professionalisation agenda. This article argues that the two dominant approaches to EBP, experimental criminology and crime science, offer limited scope for the development of a comprehensive knowledge base for policing. Although both approaches share a common commitment to the values of science, each recognizes their limited coverage of policing topics. The fundamental difference between them is what each considers ‘best’ evidence. This article critically examines the generation of evidence by these two approaches and proposes an extension to the range of issues EBP should cover by utilizing a greater plurality of methods to exploit relevant research. Widening the scope of EBP would provide a broader foundational framework for inclusion in the PEQF and offers the potential for identifying gaps in the research, constructing blocks for knowledge building, and syllabus development in higher level police education.
Sea turtles tourism in Oman: Current status and future prospects
Authors: Busaidi Mariam Al , Bose Shekar , Claereboudt Michel , Tiwari Manjula
Published: January 2018

This paper provides an overview of the current status and future potentials of nature-based tourism in the Sultanate of Oman with particular focus on sea turtles at Ras Al Hadd. The paper uses objective yardsticks such as inbound tourist arrivals, nationality and spending patterns, seasonality, employment, as well as gross domestic product contribution derived from secondary data from national and international sources to appraise the current situation. Additionally, based on the review of relevant literature, a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis is used to summarize relevant socioeconomic, political, environmental, and regulatory issues. While there is strong evidence of government commitment to develop nature-based tourism in the country, a number of key issues related to tourist facilities, human activities, environmental conditions, economic research, and capacity development are highlighted for further attention. Most importantly, the analysis suggests a potential to increase the contribution of sustainable sea turtle tourism to Oman’s gross domestic product. To realize this potential the sector needs to (1) consider the seasonal variation of tourists, (2) develop its accommodation capabilities especially at sites with ecological uniqueness while ensuring minimum negative impacts on biodiversity, (3) increase the number of Omani nationals employed in the tourism industry and improve their skills through training, (4) develop marketing tools to attract the dominant inbound ecotourism groups to the country, (5) enhance sustainable planning implementation in the Omani tourism sector, and (6) most importantly ensure an effective implementation of legislation protecting sea turtles and their habitats. It is hoped that policymakers can use these findings to set a direction on sustainable sea turtle tourism in Oman, while promoting the effective conservation of these species.
How consumers’ media usage creates synergy in advertising campaigns
Authors: Dens Nathalie , De Pelsmacker Patrick , Goos Peter , Aleksandrovs Leonids , Martens David
Published: January 2018

This study proposes a novel methodology, mixture-amount modeling (MAM), to investigate cross-media advertising synergy based on consumers’ media usage. MAM allows to derive optimal media mixes that can be different for different types of media users. The authors provide a proof of concept by analyzing 46,852 responses to 92 beauty care advertising campaigns from 10,972 respondents from the Netherlands, Belgium, Finland, and Hungary and demonstrating the impact of consumers’ combined magazine, television, and Internet usage (i.e., how intensively they use media overall and the relative proportion of each individual medium) on their campaign-evoked brand interest, perceived brand equity, and purchase intention for advertised brands. The results suggest that different patterns of consumer media usage result in different responses to advertising campaigns.
Weather sensitivity analysis on grocery shopping
Authors: Moon Sangkil , Kang Moon Young , Bae Young Han , Bodkin Charles D
Published: January 2018

Although weather is known to impact consumer behavior and, accordingly, businesses react to weather-influenced consumer behavior, marketing scholars have not examined weather marketing as intensively as its practical importance suggests. To fill this research void, we choose the grocery shopping setting, where weather influences shoppers’ shopping trip incidence and basket size. We theorize that the weather event (i.e., rain, snow, thunder, and fog) decreases both the shopping trip and the basket size. On the shopping trip, however, the negative weather impact is mitigated for less frequent shoppers because such shoppers have a higher basic shopping need than more frequent shoppers. Similarly, in terms of the basket size, store familiarity lessens such a negative weather impact because shoppers in a familiar environment are more comfortable about unfavorable weather. Besides, when sustained bad weather is expected, shoppers may turn proactive in determining when to go shopping. Our empirical application combines rich scanner panel data and daily weather data to explain both shopping trip and basket size simultaneously in the form of a Type 2 Tobit model. Our analysis results support our weather marketing hypotheses.
Strategies to improve recruitment of people with dementia to research studies
Authors: Bartlett Ruth , Milne Richard , Croucher Rebecca
Published: January 2018

Background

Low participation in research is one of the key challenges to advancing understanding of dementia, and improving the care and treatment of those who live with this condition. Nurses and nurse researchers play a vital role in recruiting people with dementia to studies, as several countries including the United States and the United Kingdom set national targets and develop initiatives to encourage more people with dementia to take part in research.

Aim

To highlight the challenges to recruiting people with dementia to studies, and to identify strategies that nurses, and in particular, nurse researchers can use for overcoming them. Our focus is primarily on the role of nurses in recruiting people with dementia to dementia studies, but much of the discussion will apply to other health professionals involved in the recruitment of people with dementia to research more generally.

Discussion

Challenges discussed include a lack of awareness about research participation opportunities and a suitable study partner. We discuss how the nurses’ role is to ensure that recruitment practices are personalised and responsive to participants’ needs and situation, rather than target driven. The notion of responsible research is used to anchor the discussion.

Conclusion

Increasing the participation of people with dementia in research is a global priority. Nurses and nurse researchers play an important role in ensuring that people who take part in research have an optimal research experience. Implications for practice: Recruiting people with dementia to research studies is a national priority in many countries. With a greater understanding of the challenges involved and strategies that can be used to overcome them, nurses can have an effective role in the recruitment process and research experience.
Incorporation of probiotics on textile surface by sol–gel coating
Authors: Dural-Erem Aysin , Biswas Tuser , Nierstrasz Vincent
Published: January 2018

Development of biocide-based antimicrobial textiles is proving to be a concern for the economy, and more evidently, for the environment and health. On the contrary, probiotic (beneficial bacteria) can replace these traditional biocides in order to overcome the toxicity and resistance problems. This paper elaborates an adapted sol–gel coating process to embed such beneficial spores on the polyester woven surface, and their viability is studied along with the characterization of the physical properties of the coated fabric. The results illustrate successful incorporation of the beneficial spores with an adequate number of living organisms (even after repeated washing cycles), sufficient tensile strength, and good abrasion resistance properties with the opportunity to improve surface wettability maintaining sufficient adhesion between the fibre and the coated layer.
Work Engagement in Nonprofit Organizations: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Park Sunyoung , Kim Junghwan , Park Jiwon , Lim Doo Hun
Published: January 2018

Using the revised job demands–resources (JD-R) model as a theoretical framework, our article aims to develop a conceptual model of the work engagement of paid workers in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) by identifying its antecedents and outcomes discussed in the literature. We found that job resources are prevalent antecedents for work engagement, while three categories of the JD-R model are all significant with work engagement. Although some findings are similar with existing studies for for-profit organizations, others implied that we need a different approach to work engagement of NPO workers. We finally offer a proposed JD-R model of work engagement in NPOs that has a new category, ideological resources. At the end of this article, we discuss the findings and academic/practical implications, along with recommendations for future research.