bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined thoracic and hepatobiliary surgery for iatrogenic bronchobiliary fistula
Authors: Mauduit Marion , Rouze Simon , Turner Kathleen , de Latour Bertrand , Verhoye Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2017

Bronchobiliary fistula is a rare pathology mainly caused by hepatic tumors, bile duct obstruction, or hepatic hydatid disease. A 70-year-old man developed a bronchobiliary fistula after biliary stenting. After failure of conservative treatment including endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage, he underwent a combined operation with a two-level approach. Both a thoracotomy and laparotomy were performed, allowing pulmonary resection, diaphragmatic repair, and bile duct reconstruction during the same operation. Postoperative follow-up at one year showed optimal healing of the fistula.
(Re-)imagining the ‘Self’ of Ontological Security: The Case of Brazil’s Ambivalent Postcolonial Subjectivity
Authors: Vieira Marco A.
Published: November 2017

In this article, I critically engage with and develop an alternative approach to ontological security informed by Jacques Lacan’s theory of the subject. I argue that ontological security relates to a lack; that is, the always frustrated desire to provide meaningful discursive interpretations to one’s self. This lack is generative of anxiety which functions as the subject’s affective and necessary drive to a continuous, albeit elusive, pursuit of self-coherence. I theorise subjectivity in Lacanian terms as fantasised discursive articulations of the Self in relation to an idealised mirror-image other. The focus on postcolonial states’ subjectivity allows for the examination of the anxiety-driven lack generated by the ever-present desire to emulate but also resist the Western other. I propose, therefore, to explore the theoretical assertion that postcolonial ontological security refers to the institutionalisation and discursive articulation of enduring and anxiety-driven affective traces related to these states’ colonial pasts that are still active and influence current foreign policy practices. I illustrate the force of this interpretation of ontological security by focusing on Brazil as an example of a postcolonial state coping with the lack caused by its ambivalent/hybrid self-identity.
Social geography I: Intersectionality
Authors: Hopkins Peter
Published: November 2017

Intersectionality is an approach to research that focuses upon mutually constitutive forms of social oppression rather than on single axes of difference. Intersectionality is not only about multiple identities but is about relationality, social context, power relations, complexity, social justice and inequalities. This report reflects upon the use of intersectionality in social geography and emphasizes the complex histories of intersectionality that are often overlooked in geography. I argue for a greater embrace of the contribution of black feminists and some of the earliest work in geography taking an intersectional perspective. I also argue for intersectionality to be used ethically and with care in geography, rather than it being deployed in a way that unwittingly reproduces a white, colonialist, racist and masculinist discipline. I explore possible avenues for future research about intersectionality in social geographies including a focus upon residential segregation, transnational migration and embodiment.
Sumoylation of the Plant Clock Transcription Factor CCA1 Suppresses DNA Binding
Authors: Hansen Louise L. , Imrie Lisa , Le Bihan Thierry , van den Burg Harrold A. , van Ooijen Gerben
Published: November 2017

In plants, the circadian clock regulates the expression of one-third of all transcripts and is crucial to virtually every aspect of metabolism and growth. We now establish sumoylation, a posttranslational protein modification, as a novel regulator of the key clock protein CCA1 in the model plant Arabidopsis. Dynamic sumoylation of CCA1 is observed in planta and confirmed in a heterologous expression system. To characterize how sumoylation might affect the activity of CCA1, we investigated the properties of CCA1 in a wild-type plant background in comparison with ots1 ots2, a mutant background showing increased overall levels of sumoylation. Neither the localization nor the stability of CCA1 was significantly affected. However, binding of CCA1 to a target promoter was significantly reduced in chromatin-immunoprecipitation experiments. In vitro experiments using recombinant protein revealed that reduced affinity to the cognate promoter element is a direct consequence of sumoylation of CCA1 that does not require any other factors. Combined, these results suggest sumoylation as a mechanism that tunes the DNA binding activity of the central plant clock transcription factor CCA1.
Health Care Utilization Following Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients From a Pediatric Accountable Care Organization
Authors: Patel Anup , Wang Ling , Gedela Satyanarayana
Published: November 2017

Background:

Vagus nerve stimulation has been a therapy for epilepsy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients 4 and older and shown efficacy and safety in younger pediatric patients.

Methods:

The authors performed a retrospective analysis utilizing Medicaid claims from an accountable care organization to measure the intervention of vagus nerve stimulation therapy in regard to unplanned health care utilization. Thirteen unique patients were included who had vagus nerve stimulation therapy who had at least 6 months of continuous enrollment in a managed Medicaid health plan. Comparison with 12 months of data before and after vagus nerve stimulation implantation was performed.

Results:

Patients had statistically significant fewer unplanned inpatient visits per patient per enrollment month after vagus nerve stimulation implantation.

Conclusion:

Utilizing claims data, vagus nerve stimulation implantation demonstrates a reduction in unplanned hospitalizations.
Tissue Edema, Fluid Balance, and Patient Outcomes in Severe Sepsis: An Organ Systems Review
Authors: Jaffee Will , Hodgins Spencer , McGee William T.
Published: November 2017

Severe sepsis and septic shock remain among the deadliest diseases managed in the intensive care unit. Fluid resuscitation has been a mainstay of early treatment, but the deleterious effects of excessive fluid administration leading to tissue edema are becoming clearer. A positive fluid balance at 72 hours is associated with significantly increased mortality, yet ongoing fluid administration beyond a durable increase in cardiac output is common. We review the pathophysiologic and clinical data showing the negative effects of edema on pulmonary, renal, central nervous, hepatic, and cardiovascular systems. We discuss data showing increased morbidity and mortality following nonjudicious fluid administration and challenge the assumption that patients who are fluid responsive are also likely to benefit from that fluid. The distinctions between fluid requirement, responsiveness, and tolerance are central to newer concepts of resuscitation. We summarize data in each organ system showing a predictable increase in morbidity and mortality with nonbeneficial fluid administration, providing a better framework for precision in volume management of the patient with severe sepsis.
Weight reduction of the train by applying a new construction and testing process of the train car bogie
Authors: Lipski Adam , Piotrowski Michał , Mroziński Stanisław
Published: November 2017

The algorithms and procedures of the train car bogie design which have been used so far are mainly based on the iterative approach: theoretical modeling—experimental studies of entire structures, until the assumed life is achieved. Such approach usually results in over-designing of the structure and the need for numerous expensive laboratory tests. Depending on the scale and nature of the object, more or less complex research systems are used for that purpose, but in the case of primary structures of the means of transport, usually multi-axial stands are used to apply load variable in time corresponding to the input function adopted in the design process. This approach is very costly, which is mainly caused by a high cost of preparing test objects for fatigue tests and a high cost of fatigue tests performed by using multi-axial testing stands. It should be noted that because of the nature of the fatigue, drawing conclusion on the correctness of the developed structure based on individual trials is associated with a significant uncertainty. Therefore it is often necessary to perform at least a few repetitions of fatigue tests. Thus there is a need to develop the design and testing methodology for complex technical objects such as bogies of railway vehicles, in order to limit the costs of research. The paper presents the proposal of method by which it is possible to optimize weight of railway vehicle bogies while limiting of costs of research by reducing the costs of test objects and the complexity of the test stand.
A novel integrated suspension tilting system for narrow urban vehicles
Authors: Tang Chen , Goodarzi Avesta , Khajepour Amir
Published: November 2017

Narrow vehicles are proposed to resolve urban transportation issues such as congestion, parking, fuel consumption and pollution. They are characterized by a high ratio of centre of gravity height over track width. Such vehicles are vulnerable to rollover and stability issues when negotiating curves at a normal operating speed. Therefore, the tilting capability is crucial to such vehicles. Existing solutions, which mechanically connect the wheel module on both sides and synchronize their movement, still have room for further improvement. The extra links for synchronization not only take up space on compact urban vehicles, but also introduce additional mass to the light-weighted body. The novel tilting mechanism introduced in this work utilizes hydraulics to replace mechanical connections to generate the tilting motion. An interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension system is adopted to provide the desired bump and roll stiffness for narrow urban vehicle applications. Two independently controlled hydraulic pumps are connected to the hydraulic suspensions to provide the tilting, as well as riding height change capabilities. The integration of the tilting system with suspension reduces the system weight and packing size, both of which are vital to the success of narrow urban vehicles. All the functionalities are illustrated, modelled and examined in the simulation studies, which prove the feasibility of the proposed system on narrow urban vehicle applications resulting in more functionalities with lower complexity and weight.
Data science in data librarianship: Core competencies of a data librarian
Authors: Semeler Alexandre Ribas , Pinto Adilson Luiz , Rozados Helen Beatriz Frota
Published: November 2017

Currently, data are stored in an always-on condition, and can be globally accessed at any point, by any user. Data librarianship has its origins in the social sciences. In particular, the creation of data services and data archives, in the United Kingdom (Data Archives Services) and in the United States and Canada (Data Library Services), is a key factor for the emergence of data librarianship. The focus of data librarianship nowadays is on the creation of new library services. Data librarians are concerned with the proposition of services for data management and curation in academic libraries and other research organizations. The purpose of this paper is to understand how the complexity of the data can serve as the basis for identifying the technical skills required by data librarians. This essay is systematically divided, first introducing the concepts of data and research data in data librarianship, followed by an overview of data science as a theory, method, and technology to assess data. Next, the identification of the competencies and skills required by data scientists and data librarians are discussed. Our final remarks highlight that data librarians should understand that the complexity and novelty associated with data science praxis. Data science provides new methods and practices for data librarianship. A data librarian need not become a programmer, statistician, or database manager, but should be interested in learning about the languages and programming logic of computers, databases, and information retrieval tools. We believe that numerous kinds of scientific data research provide opportunities for a data librarian to engage with data science.
Accounting for Accounting History: A topic modeling approach (1996–2015)
Authors: Ferri Paolo , Lusiani Maria , Pareschi Luca
Published: November 2017

This article analyses all articles published in Accounting History using a topic modeling technique. Previous studies focus on the content of accounting history, but not how the field has evolved. The article complements prior assessments of the research published in Accounting History by providing measures of the relative prevalence of research areas and their evolution over time. The analysis offers insights into accounting history by refining previous categorisations, uncovering overlooked topic areas and substantiating trends, such as the demise of interest in the technical core of accounting in favour of more variegated and fragmented approaches. The findings are discussed in light of the claimed pluralisation of methodological and theoretical approaches in this field.
Conservative interpretations of the ‘bullied at work’ test?
Authors: Stojanova Nadia
Published: November 2017

The introduction of the anti-bullying provisions of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) comes at, and heralds, a time of change in the legal regulation of workplace bullying in Australia. This article explores decisions of the Fair Work Commission which indicate that conservative interpretations of elements of the ‘bullied at work’ test under s 789FD may be partly responsible for the low number of stop-bullying orders that have been made to date. This article concludes by acknowledging this issue as a matter for the Full Bench of the Fair Work Commission and by determining that a more assertive approach to the ‘bullied at work’ test by the Fair Work Commission may lead to an increase in stop-bullying orders in the future.
ASIO’s ‘official history’: More unanswered questions
Authors: Head Michael
Published: November 2017

The Secret Cold War, Volume 3 of the official history of the Australian Security Intelligence Organisation (ASIO), leaves many unanswered questions, particularly about the 1978 Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing and the ongoing lawlessness of ASIO’s activities. These questions undermine the central claim of Volume 3, that ASIO has become a reformed and accountable agency, shedding the notorious record of politically motivated surveillance, victimisation, harassment and ‘dirty tricks’ that the agency acquired in its first quarter century.
A Sclerosing Perineurioma With Collagen Rosette Formation: Benign Mimic of Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma
Authors: Creytens David , Ferdinande Liesbeth , Van Dorpe Jo
Published: November 2017

We report the case of a sclerosing perineurioma with conspicious collagen rosette formation in a 20-year-old male presenting with a firm, painless nodule on the palmar side of his right ring finger. The main differential diagnosis is a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma. The distinction between these entities is important because low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma has a metastatic potential, while, as a rule, perineuriomas are benign. The presence of collagen rosettes in this current case makes this distinction even more difficult given that approximately 30% of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma cases show the focal presence of collagen rosettes. The demonstration of the characteristic t(7;16), t(11;16) or t(11;22) translocations (resulting in the FUS-CREB3L2, FUS-CREB3L1 or EWSR1-CREB3L1 fusion genes, respectively) or immunoreactivity for MUC4, a recently described sensitive and specific marker for low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, remain the gold standard in the diagnosis of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, differentiating it from perineurioma. This case is, to our knowledge, the first report on collagen rosettes in sclerosing perineurioma, extremely well mimicking low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, and further expanding the morphological spectrum of this rare subtype of perineurioma.
Deformity and Clinical Outcomes Following Operative Correction of Charcot Foot: A New Classification With Implications for Treatment
Authors: Pinzur Michael S. , Schiff Adam P.
Published: November 2017

Background:

The historic treatment of Charcot foot arthropathy has been immobilization during the active phase of the disease process, followed by accommodative bracing of the acquired deformity. Evidence derived from modern patient-reported outcomes investigations has convinced many surgeons to attempt operative correction of the acquired deformity with a goal of improving quality of life.

Methods:

Over a 12-year period, 214 patients (9 bilateral) underwent reconstruction of the acquired deformity associated with midtarsal Charcot foot arthropathy. Over time, 3 patterns of deformity were observed based on weight-bearing pattern, relationship of the forefoot to the hindfoot, and integrity of the talocalcaneal joint. A valgus deformity pattern was present in 138, varus in 48, and dislocation of the talocalcaneal joint in 37. A consistent operative strategy was employed. Surgery included percutaneous tendon-Achilles lengthening, resection of infection when present, attempted correction of the structural deformity by wedge resection at the apex of the deformity, and immobilization with a 3-level static circular external fixator. Additional deformity pattern-specific procedures were added over time. Clinical outcomes were based on the historic metrics of limb salvage and resolution of infection and the functional metric of the ability to walk with commercially available therapeutic footwear.

Results:

Seven patients died within a year of surgery, and 15 underwent partial- or whole-foot amputation. Overall, 173 of 223 feet (77.6%) achieved a favorable clinical outcome. Patients with a valgus deformity pattern were most likely to achieve a favorable clinical outcome (120 of 138, 87.0%). Patients with a dislocation pattern were less likely to achieve a favorable clinical outcome (26 of 37, 70.3%), and those with a varus deformity pattern were least likely to achieve a favorable clinical outcome (27 of 48, 56.3%).

Conclusions:

Operative correction of the acquired deformity of Charcot foot arthropathy was performed with a goal of improving quality of life. Stratification of patients by deformity pattern allowed alterations of the basic surgery to afford improved outcomes. In addition to achieving historic goals of resolution of infection and limb salvage, almost 80% of the patients were able to achieve the functional goal of independent ambulation with commercially available therapeutic footwear. The clinical outcomes achieved in this retrospective case series appear to support the modern paradigm of operative correction of deformity in this complex patient population. This realistic appreciation of outcome expectations should both be helpful in counseling patients on the risk-benefit ratio associated with surgery and provide a benchmark to measure newer strategies of treatment.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
A consultation journey: developing a Kaupapa Māori research methodology to explore Māori whānau experiences of harm and loss around birth
Authors: Stevenson Kendall
Published: November 2017

Kaupapa Māori (by Māori, for Māori, with Māori) researchers have provided a space to undertake research that is culturally responsive, ensures the voices of Māori (Indigenous peoples of Aotearoa New Zealand) are heard, and challenges structural barriers to Māori health and wellbeing. This article describes my journey to develop a Kaupapa Māori methodology appropriate for exploring whānau (families) experiences following the harm or loss of their infant around birth. Guidance from key informants was sought and a Kaupapa Māori methodology was then developed based on their wisdom, expertise, and experience. The five components of this methodology are designed to keep all involved in this research safe: whānau (family), wāhi haumaru (providing a safe space), whakaaro (engaging in Māori philosophies), kaitiaki (being empathetic), and hononga (building and maintaining relationships). Researchers undertaking Kaupapa Māori research are invited to use this methodology, or follow a similar process to develop their own expert-informed methodology.
Glucose Tolerance Testing and Anthropometric Comparisons Among Rural Residents of Kyiv Region: Investigating the Possible Effect of Childhood Starvation—A Community-Based Study
Authors: Khalangot Mykola D , Kovtun Volodymir A , Okhrimenko Nadia V , Gurianov Vitaly G , Kravchenko Victor I
Published: November 2017

A relationship between childhood starvation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in adulthood was previously indicated. Ukraine suffered a series of artificial famines between 1921 and 1947. Famines of 1932 to 1933 and 1946 were most severe among them. Long-term health consequences of these famines remain insufficiently investigated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus screening was conducted between June 2013 and December 2014. A total of 198 rural residents of Kyiv region more than 44 years of age, not registered as patients with T2D, were randomly selected. In all, 159 persons answered the question about starvation of parental family, including 73 born before 1947. Among them, 62 persons answered positive. Anthropometric measurements and glucose tolerance tests were performed. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate results. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was detected in 7 of 62 persons (11.3%), who starved during childhood vs 6 of 11 (54.5%) who did not ( P = .002), age-adjusted and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval): 0.063 (0.007-0.557). Analysis of the anthropometric data revealed a negative connection between adulthood height and neck circumference (cm, continued variables) and childhood starvation: age-adjusted and sex-adjusted ORs 0.86 (0.76-0.97) and 0.73 (0.54-0.97), respectively. Individuals who starved during famines of 1932 to 1933 and 1946 in Ukraine had a decreased T2D prevalence several decades after the famine episodes.
‘Never call me a mercenary’: Identity work, stigma management and the private security contractor
Authors: Brewis Joanna , Godfrey Richard
Published: November 2017

Organisation studies has paid little attention to the contemporary private security industry, despite its enormous recent growth as a supplement to or replacement for state military services in theatres of conflict. To address this neglect, we investigate the workers at the heart of the industry: private security employees or contractors. Amidst widespread and extremely critical media coverage of their activities, we consider the individual contractor as a central agent of contemporary conflict, identifying three main objections to their deployment: a lack of just cause, virtue and professional legitimacy. Using scholarship on identity work and stigma management more specifically, we analyse contractors’ accounts of their employment to identify the communicative strategies they employ to challenge the stigma attributed to their occupation and/or to them as incumbents. Our data set is memoirs written by five British contractors, published between 2006 and 2011. We also suggest that data such as these are under-utilised in organisation studies’ treatment of identity work, because they represent a distinctive form of this work which we label identity writing.
Amiloride does not protect retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in optic neuritis in a phase 2 randomised controlled trial
Authors: McKee Justin B , Cottriall Charles L , Elston John , Epps Simon , Evangelou Nikos , Gerry Stephen , Kennard Christopher , Kong Yazhuo , Koelewyn Abigail , Kueker Wilhelm , Leite Maria Isabel , Palace Jacqueline , Craner Matthew
Published: November 2017

Background:

Recent basic and clinical evidence suggests amiloride may be neuroprotective in multiple sclerosis (MS) through the blockade of the acid sensing ion channel (ASIC).

Objective:

To examine the neuroprotective efficacy of amiloride in acute optic neuritis (ON).

Methods:

A total of 48 patients were recruited to a phase 2, double blind, single site, randomised controlled trial. Scanning laser polarimetry (GDx) at 6 months was the primary outcome measure and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual and electrophysiological measures were secondary outcome measures. Participants aged 18–55 years, ≤28 days of onset of first episode unilateral ON, were randomised to amiloride (10 mg daily for 5 months) or placebo ( clinicaltrials.gov , NCT 01802489).

Results:

Intention-to-treat (ITT) cohort consisted of 43 patients; 23 placebo and 20 amiloride. No significant drug-related adverse events occurred. No significant differences were found in GDx ( p = 0.840). Visual evoked potentials (VEP) were significantly prolonged in the amiloride group compared to placebo ( p = 0.004). All other secondary outcome measures showed no significant difference. Baseline analysis of OCT data demonstrated a significant pre-randomisation thinning of ganglion cell layer.

Conclusion:

Amiloride has not demonstrated any neuroprotective benefit within this trial paradigm, but future neuroprotective trials in ON should target the window of opportunity to maximise potential neuroprotective benefit.
Telehealth for the management of blood pressure in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review
Authors: Luo Li , Ye Meiqin , Tan Jiaowang , Huang Qiong , Qin Xindong , Peng Suyuan , Wang Yikun , Zou Tao , Jie Xina , Liu Xusheng , Wu Yifan
Published: November 2017

Background

Most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) fail to achieve blood pressure (BP) management as recommended. Meanwhile, the effects of promising intervention and telehealth on BP control in CKD patients remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of telehealth for BP in CKD non-dialysis patients.

Methods

Databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials or quasi-randomised controlled trials on telehealth for BP control of CKD3-5 non-dialysis patients. We analysed systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with a fixed-effects model.

Results

Three studies, with total 680 subjects, were included in our systematic review and two were included for meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed decreased SBP (pooled mean difference (MD), −5.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), −11.34, 1.14; p > 0.05, p = 0.11), increased DBP (pooled MD, 0.45; 95% CI, −4.24, 5.13; p > 0.05, p = 0.85), decreased serum creatinine (pooled MD, −0.38; 95% CI, −0.83, 0.07; p > 0.05, p = 0.10) and maintained eGFR (pooled MD, 4.72; 95% CI, −1.85, 11.29; p > 0.05, p = 0.16) in the telehealth group. There was no significant difference from the control group. MAP (MD, 0.6; 95% CI, −6.61, 7.81; p > 0.05, p = 0.87) and BP control rate ( p > 0.05, p = 0.8), respectively, shown in two studies also demonstrated no statistical significance in the telehealth group.

Conclusions

There was no statistically significant evidence to support the superiority of telehealth for BP management in CKD patients. This suggests further studies with improved study design and optimised intervention are needed in the future.
Perceived social support and life satisfaction in drug addicts: Self-esteem and loneliness as mediators
Authors: Cao Qilong , Liang Ying
Published: November 2017

This study was designed to investigate the mediation effects of both self-esteem and loneliness on the relationship between social support and subjective well-being in drug addicts. In all, 110 participants, all drug addicts from Guangdong Fangcun Brain Hospital, completed the questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that perceived social support was positively related to self-esteem and life satisfaction and was negatively correlated with loneliness in drug addicts. Structural equation modeling estimated by the Bootstrap method indicated that loneliness and self-esteem partially mediated the association between perceived social support and life satisfaction. These findings provided insights into the association between perceived social support and life satisfaction in drug addicts.
Bridging the Gap: Racial concordance as a strategy to increase African American participation in breast cancer research
Authors: Frierson Georita M , Pinto Bernardine M , Denman Deanna C , Leon Pierre A , Jaffe Alex D
Published: November 2017

Lack of African American females in breast cancer research has been receiving substantial attention. This study seeks to identify research perceptions and motivating factors needed to increase racial/ethnic minority participation in breast cancer research. A total of 57 African American women (Σ = 47.8 years), from Rhode Island and Texas, completed a questionnaire and focus group. While many participants were not breast cancer survivors, they reported knowledge of their racial group’s risk for breast cancer. One major finding that could be seen as both a facilitator and barrier is racial concordance between participant and researcher. Cultural sensitivity and trust building is recommended to increase minority participation.
Understanding the impact of adaptations to a parent-mediated intervention on parents’ ratings of perceived barriers, program attributes, and intent to use
Authors: Pickard Katherine , Rowless Seth , Ingersoll Brooke
Published: November 2017

Within the autism spectrum disorder field, rates of attrition in parent-mediated interventions have highlighted the need to engage families around improving the delivery of these services. The primary goal of this study was to approximate the impact of adaptations to an evidence-based, parent-mediated intervention, Project ImPACT (Improving Parents as Communication Teachers), that had been made in collaboration with families in a Medicaid system. A total of 103 parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder were randomized to watch a presentation of either the original or adapted Project ImPACT program. After watching the presentation, participants rated (1) demographic information, (2) perceived structural barriers, (3) Project ImPACT attributes, and (4) intent to use the program. Results from hierarchical linear regression models demonstrated that program type alone predicted parents’ ratings of perceived structural barriers. Additionally, both program type and the interaction of program type and annual household income were unique predictors of parents’ ratings of program attributes and intent to use. Qualitatively, although many parents reflected positively on both Project ImPACT programs, parents who viewed the adapted program appeared more likely to report positive program attributes. Results suggest the importance of engaging families in improving the fit of parent-mediated interventions for use within a variety of community settings.
Conceptualizing consumption in the imagination
Authors: Jenkins Rebecca , Molesworth Mike
Published: November 2017

In this article we extend theory relating to the imagination and markets by reviewing explicit and implicit work in marketing, consumer research and sociology, drawing on a broader literature that provides a more comprehensive characterization of imagining. We map consumption in the imagination in order to better define the concept and to differentiate forms of imagining according to a number of characteristics that are identified in the literature. These are as follows: (1) temporal location, (2) range of emotions, (3) degree of elaboration, (4) level of abstraction (5) purpose, and (6) prompts. We also consider the role of consumption in terms of its level of presence and absence in the imagination. We then present a trajectory of consumption in the imagination that seeks to account for the relationships and movements between forms of imagining and the marketplace, noting the importance of the imagination in terms of implications for macro-level market structures and individual consumption practice.
Sequencing and timing of strategic responses after industry disruption: Evidence from post-deregulation competition in the US railroad industry
Authors: Pettus Michael L , Kor Yasemin Y , Mahoney Joseph T , Michael Steven C
Published: November 2017

This article examines the sequencing and timing of firms’ strategic responses after significant industry disruption. We show that it is not the single strategic choice or response per se, but the sequencing and patterns of consecutive strategic responses that drive a firm’s adaptation and survival in the aftermath of a shift in the industry. We find that firms’ renewal efforts involved differential adaptability in finding balance at the juxtaposition of responding to demand-side pressures and choosing a path of new capability acquisition efficiently. Our study underscores the importance of taking a sequencing approach to studying strategic responses to industry disruption.
An Empirical Clarification on the Assessment of Engagement at Work
Authors: Gupta Manish , Shukla Keerti
Published: November 2017

The Problem

The attachment of a person’s “self” to “role” has been studied from a variety of perspectives by numerous social scientists since 1990. However, scholars are divided on the issues of definition and measurement of engagement. Also, the incremental validity of one engagement measure over the other in predicting performance has not been examined. Therefore, this study attempts to review, test, and examine the incremental validity of different operational definitions of engagement in light of the self and role theory.

The Solution

ANOVA conducted using 317 knowledge workers from different companies in India indicates that personal engagement, work engagement, and job engagement differ significantly from each other. Next, the results of step-wise regression indicate incremental validity of work engagement over other types of engagements in predicting task performance. However, personal engagement remains the strongest predictor of task performance.

The Stakeholders

The results of this study are expected to help human resource development (HRD) scholars make more informed decision while choosing a particular engagement measure. The results also encourage practitioners to use work engagement scale to explain their employees’ performance, at least in the Indian context.
Studies on Foam Decay Trend and Influence of Temperature Jump on Foam Stability in Sclerotherapy
Authors: Bai Taoping , Chen Yu , Jiang Wentao , Yan Fei , Fan Yubo
Published: November 2017

Objectives:

This study investigated the influence of temperature jump and liquid–gas ratio on foam stability to derive the foam-decay law.

Methods:

The experimental group conditions were as follows: mutation temperatures (10°C, 16°C, 20°C, 23°C, 25°C, and 27°C to >37°C) and liquid–gas ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). The control group conditions were as follows: temperatures (10°C, 16°C, 20°C, 23°C, 25°C and 27°C) and liquid–gas ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). A homemade device manufactured using the Tessari DSS method was used to prepare the foam. The decay process was videotape recorded. In the drainage rate curve, the temperature rose, and the liquid–gas ratio varied from 1:1 to 1:4, causing faster decay.

Results:

In the entire process, the foam volume decreased with increasing drainage rate. The relationships were almost linear. Comparison of the experimental and control groups shows that the temperature jump results in a drainage time range of 1 to 15 seconds. The half-life ranges from 10 to 30 seconds. The maximum rate is 18.85%. Changes in the preparation temperature yields a drainage time range of 3 to 30 seconds. The half-life varies from 20 to 60 seconds.

Conclusion:

Decreasing the temperature jump range and liquid–gas ratio gradually enhances the foam stability. The foam decay time and drainage rate exhibit an exponential function distribution.
Nfia deletion in myeloid cells blocks expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during sepsis
Authors: Dai Jun , Kumbhare Ajinkya , Williams Danielle A , Youssef Dima , Yao Zhi Q , McCall Charles E , Gazzar Mohamed El
Published: November 2017

Sepsis-induced immunosuppression increases the risk of chronic infection and reduces survival. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand in the bone marrow and spleen during murine polymicrobial sepsis, contributing to immunosuppression. A better understanding of molecular controls of MDSC production is needed to identify treatment targets. We previously reported that miR-21 and miR-181b couple with transcription factor NFI-A to induce MDSCs during murine sepsis. Here, we expand upon these observations by showing that conditional deletion of the Nfia gene in the myeloid lineage precludes MDSC development. NFI-A-deficient Gr1+CD11b+ myeloid cells are not immunosuppressive and differentiate normally into macrophages and dendritic cells. In contrast, ectopically expressed NFI-A prevents differentiation of these immature Gr1+CD11b+ cells, while converting them into MDSCs. In addition, NFI-A-deficient Gr1+CD11b+ cells decreased, and cells transfected with NFI-A increase expression of miR-21 and miR181b. Our results support a myeloid cell loop in which NFI-A and miR-21 and miR-181b sustain Gr1+CD11b+ MDSC-dependent immunosuppression during sepsis.
Duration of the acute hepatic encephalopathy episode determines survival in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Ventura-Cots Meritxell , Carmona Isabel , Moreno Carolina , Ampuero Javier , Simón-Talero Macarena , Sanpedro Francesc , Les Iñigo , Romero-Gómez Manuel , Genescà Joan
Published: November 2017

Background:

Episodes of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) have been related to low survival rate. However, the relation between its clinical evolution and mortality has not been assessed.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 245 cirrhotic patients admitted for an acute episode of HE (⩾grade 2) or who developed an HE episode after an upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) event was performed to assess the relation between time in HE and transplant-free survival.

Results:

Median (IQR25–75) time in HE was 48 h (24–96 h) in the whole cohort. Patients who presented a longer time in HE (>48 h; n = 89) exhibited a lower transplant-free survival at 28 days (67.2% versus 88.9%, p < 0.001), 90 days (48.7% versus 73.8%, p < 0.001) and 365 days (30.3% versus 53.2%, p < 0.001), as compared to those with less time in HE (⩽48 h; n = 156). Survival rates remained significantly different, with lower percentages in the group with time in HE >48 h, when comparing patients according to baseline HE grade (2 versus ⩾3) or model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) function (⩽15 versus >15). Time in HE was also an independent risk factor for mortality at each time point, hazard ratio (HR) (95 CI%) 28 days 2.59 (1.39–4.84); 90 days 1.98 (1.28–3.1) and 365 days 1.5 (1.08–2.19).

Conclusions:

The duration of the acute HE episode determines survival in cirrhotic patients independently of liver function and baseline HE grade.
Fueling for Performance
Authors: Bytomski Jeffrey R.
Published: November 2017

Context:

Proper nutrition is crucial for an athlete to optimize his or her performance for training and competition. Athletes should be able to meet their dietary needs through eating a wide variety of whole food sources.

Evidence Acquisition:

PubMed was searched for relevant articles published from 1980 to 2016.

Study Design:

Clinical review.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4.

Results:

An athlete should have both daily and activity-specific goals for obtaining the fuel necessary for successful training. Depending on the timing of their season, athletes may be either trying to gain lean muscle mass, lose fat, or maintain their current weight.

Conclusion:

An athlete will have different macronutrient goals depending on sport, timing of exercise, and season status. There are no specific athletic micronutrient guidelines, but testing should be considered for athletes with deficiency or injury. Also, some athletes who eliminate certain whole food groups (eg, vegetarian) may need to supplement their diet to avoid deficiencies.
Reading Course-Readings in Educational Leadership for All Their Worth: Tending to the Three Worlds of the Text
Authors: Johnson Bob L.
Published: November 2017

The intent of this essay is to provoke thought on how to increase the impact of course readings on individual and group learning. A set of strategies for tapping the generative potential of texts that build on the interpretive insights of Gadamer and Ricoeur is provided. Generative potential refers to the ability of a text to generate new thoughts, insights, and possibilities for the reader. It is argued that the realization of this potential is increased as the instructor consciously encourages students to attend to the three worlds of the text as they read—the worlds behind, in, and in front of the text.
Nucleoside diphosphate and triphosphate prodrugs – An unsolvable task?
Authors: Meier Chris
Published: November 2017

In this review, our recent advances in the development of nucleoside di- and nucleoside triphosphate prodrugs is summarized. Previously, we had developed a successful membrane-permeable pronucleotide system for the intracellular delivery of nucleoside monophosphates as well, the so-called cycloSal-approach. In contrast to that work in which the delivery is initiated by a chemically driven hydrolysis reaction, for the di- and triphosphate delivery, an enzymatic trigger mechanism involving (carboxy)esterases had to be used. The other features of the new pronucleotide approaches are: (i) lipophilic modification was restricted to the terminal phosphate group leaving charges at the internal phosphate moieties and (ii) appropriate lipophilicity is introduced by long aliphatic residues within the bipartite prodrug moiety. The conceptional design of the di- and triphosphate prodrug systems will be described and the chemical synthesis, the hydrolysis properties, a structure–activity relationship and antiviral activity data will be discussed as well. The advantage of these new approaches is that all phosphorylation steps from the nucleoside analogue into the bioactive nucleoside triphosphate form can be bypassed in the case of the triphosphate prodrugs. Moreover, enzymatic processes like the deamination of nucleosides or nucleoside monophosphates which lead to catabolic clearance of the potential antivirally active compound can be avoided by the delivery of the higher phosphorylated nucleotides.
Immigrant legislation, across and within the United States
Authors: Reich Gary
Published: November 2017

State governments are now the principal source of immigrant legislation in the US. Existing research presents contradictory findings concerning the sources of pro- and anti-immigration state legislation. However, research has not adequately accounted for the multidimensional nature of immigrant legislation and the fact that many variables hypothesized to affect state legislation encompass both within-state, time-varying effects and time-invariant, cross-sectional effects. Measurement and research design strategies to address these problems are applied to a dataset of state immigrant legislation approved between 2005 and 2012. The findings are important because they show that partisan, demographic, and economic effects are often different within versus across states and may differently affect the volume versus the relative tenor of legislative output.
Use of En Face Optical Coherence Tomography in a Case of Hydroxychloroquine Retinal Toxicity
Authors: Garcia Maria D. , Ventura Camila V. , Ryder Steven J. , de Oliveira Dias João R. , Berrocal Audina M.
Published: November 2017

Purpose:

To describe the case of 49-year-old woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy, who presented with findings of HCQ retinopathy on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods:

Evaluation included clinical examination with multimodal imaging findings on spectral domain (SD)-OCT, en face OCT, and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG).

Results:

The patient had nonspecific visual symptoms and an unremarkable funduscopic examination. Humphrey visual fields, fundus autofluorescence, mfERG, SD-OCT, and en face structural OCT, however, suggested HCQ retinal toxicity.

Conclusions:

This case demonstrates that the findings of HCQ retinopathy on en face structural OCT are analogous to those identified by current imaging modalities used for the screening and diagnosis of HCQ toxicity. En face structural OCT may be useful in the detection of HCQ-induced retinal toxicity.
Inhibition of heme oxygenase ameliorates anemia and reduces iron overload in a β-thalassemia mouse model
Authors: Garcia-Santos Daniel , Hamdi Amel , Saxova Zuzana , Fillebeen Carine , Pantopoulos Kostas , Horvathova Monika , Ponka Prem
Published: November 2017

Key Points

Iron released from heme by HO 1 contributes to the pathophysiology of thalassemia. Inhibition of HO 1 is of therapeutic value for the treatment of thalassemia.
Respiratory adverse effects of opioids for breathlessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Verberkt Cindy A. , van den Beuken-van Everdingen Marieke H.J. , Schols Jos M.G.A. , Datla Sushma , Dirksen Carmen D. , Johnson Miriam J. , van Kuijk Sander M.J. , Wouters Emiel F.M. , Janssen Daisy J.A.
Published: November 2017

Previous studies have shown that opioids can reduce chronic breathlessness in advanced disease. However, physicians remain reluctant to prescribe opioids for these patients, commonly due to fear of respiratory adverse effects. The aim of this study was to systematically review reported respiratory adverse effects of opioids in patients with advanced disease and chronic breathlessness.

PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL,ClinicalTrials.govand the reference lists of relevant systematic reviews were searched. Two independent researchers screened against predefined inclusion criteria and extracted data. Meta-analysis was conducted where possible.

We included 63 out of 1990 articles, describing 67 studies. Meta-analysis showed an increase in carbon dioxide tension (0.27 kPa, 95% CI 0.08–0.45 kPa,) and no significant change in oxygen tension and oxygen saturation (both p>0.05). Nonserious respiratory depression (definition variable/not stated) was described in four out of 1064 patients. One cancer patient pretreated with morphine for pain needed temporary respiratory support following nebulised morphine for breathlessness (single case study).

We found no evidence of significant or clinically relevant respiratory adverse effects of opioids for chronic breathlessness. Heterogeneity of design and study population, and low study quality are limitations. Larger studies designed to detect respiratory adverse effects are needed.
Thermal Quenching Mechanism of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ Red Phosphor
Authors: Ueda Jumpei , Tanabe Setsuhisa , Takahashi Kohsei , Takeda Takashi , Hirosaki Naoto
Published: November 2017

CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ is a widely applied phosphor in white LEDs (w-LEDs) because of strong blue absorption and efficient red luminescence with high thermal quenching temperature. The good stability against thermal quenching has been well established, but the mechanism for the luminescence quenching at high temperatures has not been elucidated yet. In this report, we investigate the possibility of thermal ionization quenching by thermoluminescence (TL) and persistent luminescence techniques. In the TL glow curve by UV charging at 100 K, two broad TL glow bands were observed around 160 and 390 K. The higher TL glow band was not observed by 550 nm charging at 300 K, but it was observed by 550 nm charging at above 400 K which corresponds to the onset temperature of luminescence quenching. Because the 550 nm light excites the lowest 5d level of Eu2+, we conclude that the luminescence quenching of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ at high temperatures is caused by the thermal ionization.