bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Working motivation of nurses at Luc Ngan Health Centre, Bac Giang province in 2021
Authors:   Luc Ngan Medical Centre, Pham Huy Hiep , Luu Thi Kim Oanh ,   Hanoi University of Public Health, Le Hai Yen ,   Thai Nguyen Medical College
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The study aims to describe the working motivation of nurses at Luc Ngan Health Centre, Bac Giang province in 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through interviews 100 nurses from March to June 2021. Results: Most of, nurses was female (73%) and 84% of participants was under 40 years old. The rate of nurses with intermediate and college degree was 58%. There was 91% of nurses who were married and 44% having a monthly income over 7 million. Most of all were working mainly in clinical departments (89%). The proportion of working motivation among nurses was relatively high, about 79%. The working motivation with job satisfaction factor, organizational commitment factor and dedicated factor was 75%, 84% and 89% correspondingly. Conclusion: It is necessary to implement specific measures to improve the working motivation of nurses, especially creating better environmentfor nurses to have the opportunity to study, to develop professional qualifications and career promotion.
Si tu veux la paix, prépare la paix !
Authors: Bouveret Patrice , Lamy Rachel
Published: June 2022

L’Observatoire des armements intervient sur deux axes principaux : l’industrie et les transferts d’armement, les armes nucléaires et leurs conséquences. P. Bouveret nous aide à considérer comment penser la reconversion des usines d’armement est directement lié au fait de reconsidérer notre rapport au monde.
Ma rencontre avec Maurice Capul et ce qui s’en est suivi
Authors: Diatkine Gilbert
Published: June 2022

L’itinéraire d’un jeune psychiatre : par sa rencontre en 1968 avec Suzanne et Maurice Capul, il découvre la prise en charge des enfants dans les centres d’observation et les principes qui orientaient cet accueil. Il en évoque la création dans un contexte intellectuel dynamique de critique des traditions d’enfermement et de punition, l’émergence du métier d’éducateur, des dynamiques institutionnelles et la place de la psychanalyse. Cinquante ans plus tard, la logique gestionnaire a altéré ces ambitions.
Éducation spécialisée, travail social et relation éducative
Authors: Ranchin Bruno
Published: June 2022

Il s’agit d’une rencontre avec un homme peu commun, Maurice Capul. Par son intermédiaire, il s’agit d’une mise en lumière de l’histoire (récente) de l’éducation spécialisée. Une histoire qu’il a participé à construire. Il s’agit d’un débat qu’il a porté entre éducation spécialisée et travail social. Traversé par nos expériences en (ré)insertion, il s’agit de la relation éducative avec les personnes accompagnées. Il s’agit enfin de faire trace avec un homme empreint d’humanisme et d’humilité.
Soigner l’institution. Shadow line
Authors: Morlhon Laurent , Ponet Blandine
Published: June 2022

À partir d’un extrait d’entretien avec Maurice Capul, deux soignants en psychiatrie dressent un état des lieux de l’hôpital psychiatrique et s’interrogent sur ce qui a provoqué la catastrophe actuelle.
Construire un lieu de soins aujourd’hui
Authors: Grillet Baptiste
Published: June 2022

Quels liens entre la relation de soin et l’espace dans lequel elle se déroule ? L’architecture ne se réduit pas à l’acte de construire. C’est d’abord prendre le temps du débat entre une maîtrise d’ouvrage qui énonce un besoin et une maîtrise d’œuvre qui doit répondre à cette attente. Dans un projet de réhabilitation d’un espace existant, l’architecte doit valoriser, par son action, l’harmonie du site et la qualité des bâtiments existants en s’inscrivant dans une continuité novatrice au service des usagers.
La terre comme « marchandise fictive ». Une lecture polanyienne des mesures compensatoires
Authors: Petitimbert Rémy
Published: June 2022

Parmi les travaux scientifiques s’intéressant au concept de « marchandise fictive » développé par Karl Polanyi, peu se consacrent à la terre. C’est l’objet de cet article qui entend discuter des mesures compensatoires à partir de l’étude de la « terre » polanyienne. Cette perspective favorise l’appréhension des mécanismes politiques de marchandisation des processus naturels opérée à travers les mesures compensatoires. Elle démontre ainsi toute l’actualité de la pensée de l’auteur pour examiner les entreprises politiques de marchandisation du vivant.
Le moment Möhler de la théologie française (1938-1939)
Authors: Fouilloux Étienne
Published: June 2022

En 1938-1939, le centenaire de la mort de Johann Adam Möhler provoque en France un retour à l’école théologique de Tübingen piloté par le dominicain Yves Congar, professeur au Saulchoir, et par le jésuite Pierre Chaillet, professeur à Fourvière. Ils y trouvent un recours contre l’ecclésiologie intransigeante, un appui à l’œcuménisme naissant et un rempart contre la menace totalitaire. Au contraire, les théologiens romains voient dans l’œuvre de Möhler une préfiguration du modernisme condamné en 1907. Aussi son livre L’Unité dans l’Église est-il brièvement retiré du commerce en 1939 par le Saint-Office, avant d’inspirer après-guerre l’ecclésiologie du P. Congar. L’épisode est significatif des débats théologiques entre modernisme et Vatican II
Le Père Congar au Saint-Office (1939-1955)
Authors: Fouilloux Étienne , Prats Mercè
Published: June 2022

Désormais accessible du fait de l’ouverture des archives vaticanes pour le pontificat de Pie XII, le dossier de la Congrégation du Saint-Office sur le Père Congar fait toute la lumière sur les trois passages du théologien devant elle. Le premier, en janvier 1939, concerne Chrétiens désunis qui s’en tire avec un avertissement bénin, mais suffisant pour que la seconde version du livre ne soit jamais publiée. Le second, en 1951-1952, concerne Vraie et fausse réforme dans l’Église qui est interdit de réédition et de traduction. Alors que les deux premiers se sont déroulés en l’absence du Père Congar et à son insu, le troisième voit sa comparution au Saint-Office, en décembre 1954, pour un interrogatoire sur l’ensemble de son œuvre. Deux dominicains français, les Pères Garrigou-Lagrange et Gagnebet ont été mêlés de près à ces différentes procédures. En octobre 1955, le théologien est assigné à Cambridge par le maître général des dominicains, avec soumission à la censure romaine du moindre de ses écrits. Son exil ne finira qu’en décembre 1956 avec son assignation au couvent de Strasbourg.
Retour sur « La forme des droits de l’homme »
Authors: François Lucien
Published: June 2022

Le temps d’un entretien, Lucien François nous délivre sa vision, actualisée, de l’expression des droits de l’homme, trente ans après sa contribution sur cette thématique, publiée dans le premier numéro de la Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme .
La santé publique est-elle soluble dans les droits fondamentaux ?
Authors: Bioy Xavier
Published: June 2022

La Grande Chambre de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme admet la possibilité d’un système de vaccination obligatoire comme ingérence légitime dans le domaine de la vie privée, au motif de la protection de la santé publique. Elle opère un contrôle général et abstrait de la nécessité et du niveau de sanction. Elle n’écarte pas la mise en cause de la liberté de conscience mais ne la sanctionne pas en l’espèce.
Satire ou apologie du terrorisme, peut-on rire de tout ?
Authors: Berrendorf Alyson , Midrez Lydia , Monaco Louna
Published: June 2022

Dans l’arrêt Z.B. c. France du 2 septembre 2021, la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme a conclu à l’absence de violation de l’article 10 de la Convention. Le requérant se plaignait d’une ingérence injustifiée dans son droit à la liberté d’expression du fait d’avoir été condamné pour apologie de crimes d’atteintes volontaires à la vie pour avoir offert à son neveu de trois ans un t-shirt avec les inscriptions « je suis une bombe » et « Jihad, né le 11 septembre », qu’il porta dans l’enceinte de l’école en septembre 2012. Selon la Cour, le requérant ne pouvait se prévaloir d’une simple plaisanterie, et ne pouvait non plus ignorer la résonance particulière qu’allaient impliquer de telles inscriptions dans l’enceinte d’une école, surtout vu le contexte terroriste qui régnait au moment des faits. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’analyser le raisonnement de la Cour lorsqu’elle a conclu que la France a fait un usage adéquat de sa marge d’appréciation. Une attention particulière sera portée aux critères développés par la Cour afin d’apprécier la nécessité de l’ingérence et de nuancer son constat.
Recent scenarios in Italy on fresh-cut products in the Covid-19 context
Authors: Zarbà Carla , Chinnici Gaetano , Pecorino Biagio , Pappalardo Gioacchino , D'Amico Mario
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the fresh-cut products segment has shown a growing trend in Italy even in the current complex socio-economic phase determined largely by the Covid 19 pandemic. The paper proposes an evolutionary path with the analysis of data produced by statistical sources, effective for cognitive purposes. Data mainly refer to the large product group of "salads" that represent the prevailing market share of the fresh-cut products segment. The vitality emerged has suggested to focus on some of the quality aspects orientated both on the part of firms, in order to promote competitive capacity, and on the part of consumers because of the need to respond to requests for food safety. In relation to this aspect, the paper proposes theoretical consideration, relevant for practical and factual purposes, on whether food safety is really one of the factors closely linked to determining quality. This is to identify the role and the importance attributed respectively to quality, as regards the ability to satisfy expressed or implicit needs, and to food safety, as an absence of risks that could endanger human health. The resulting difference in role and function raised the question of whether food quality and safety should be considered universally combined in the reference food. Finally, the paper, in the general regulatory framework, inherent to the agro-food sector of the European Union and of the Italian legislative authorities, has sought to identify the provisions that directly and/or indirectly influence the improvement and innovation of fresh-cut products.
Un recueil pour les curieux : savoirs en morceaux dans les Lettres choisies de Guy Patin (1683)
Authors: Duval Suzanne
Published: June 2022

L’étude montre comment le recueil des Lettres choisies du médecin Guy Patin, publié en 1683 et rassemblant des lettres écrites entre les années 1645 et 1672, est disposé comme une encyclopédie curieuse du Grand Siècle, mélangeant les savoirs médicaux, historiques et littéraires avec une remarquable liberté de style et de pensée.
Entre gazette mondaine et art poétique galant : les lettres dans La Nouvelle Pandore (1698)
Authors: Speyer Miriam
Published: June 2022

L’article montre comment les lettres insérées dans La Nouvelle Pandore transmettent un savoir poétique, épistolographique mais aussi social pour qui voudrait maîtriser les codes de la création littéraire ainsi que les moyens de parvenir dans le monde des Belles-lettres. La réunion de ces pièces par Guyonnet de Vertron, qui complète son recueil par des contextualisations concernant des rituels littéraires tels que les concours académiques de poésie, fait également de ce livre une histoire de la vie littéraire, où prédominent les femmes de lettres.
« A Case of Mistaken Identity? » : Une étude de cas comme technique innovante d’enseignement-apprentissage de l’anglais de spécialité
Authors: Lyu Evgueniya
Published: June 2022

Sur la base des quatre caractéristiques de l’innovation pédagogique (Lacroix et Potvin), l’enseignement‑apprentissage par études de cas peut être défini comme une technique pédagogique innovante dans le cadre de l’enseignement de l’anglais de spécialité et des langues de spécialité en général. En outre, l’intégration des études de cas dans les cours de langues de spécialité, une innovation en soi, suppose quasi systématiquement l’activation de quatre éléments pédagogiques innovants supplémentaires : la possibilité de recourir à des jeux de rôle, l’incorporation du travail collaboratif, l’apprentissage pour l’avenir et l’apprentissage socio-constructiviste. Dans ce texte, nous examinons comment l’enseignement‑apprentissage par études de cas peut être mis en place afin d’enseigner l’anglais pour psychologues et comment il peut influencer la motivation des étudiants à l’apprendre. Plus précisément, il s’agit d’une étude de cas existante qui fut adaptée et modifiée pour répondre aux besoins de nos étudiants et, surtout, pour participer au développement de leurs compétences langagières et transversales.
Construction d’un espace pluridimensionnel pour l’apprentissage du français sur objectifs universitaires
Authors: Delorme Vera
Published: June 2022

Cette contribution propose une étude d’un dispositif d’enseignement du français sur objectifs universitaires à distance, plus précisément par visioconférence. L’objectif de cette contribution est de mettre en lumière, à travers l’analyse du contenu des productions orales et des interactions verbales des étudiants, la façon dont ces derniers s’adaptent aux spécificités de l’interaction par visioconférence dans le cadre de réalisation d’une tâche spécifique de l’exposé oral. En nous intéressant en particulier à l’engagement des apprenants, nous avons pu observer que celui-ci se réalise par la construction des espaces discursifs partagés. Les résultats préliminaires permettent de supposer une relation possible entre les spécificités du contexte – celui de la visioconférence et celui de l’exposé oral – et l’implication des étudiants.
Effect of Land Ownership on Farmers' Mental Health, Suicidal Ideation, and Resilience
Authors: Mehra Arvind , Gupta Tamanna , Behmani Rakesh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

The impact of land ownership on mental health, suicidal ideation, and resilience of farmers is very big nowadays. The impact is raised when the farmer has no land and compels to farming on leasehold land. Hence, the present study was aimed to find the relationship between three groups of farmers on the dimensions of mental health, suicidal ideation, and resilience.

Methods:

This study is based on the primary data that have been collected from the Western Zone of Haryana state. The sample comprising 375 farmers with a minimum education of 10th was selected. They were further divided into three different groups such as landless farmers (farming on leasehold lands), farmers with 1–9-acre land, and farmers with > 9-acre land. Goldberg and Hillier's General Health Questionnaire-28, Wagnild and Young's Resilience Scale, and Reynolds' Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire were used for data collection. Moreover, for analysis, product-moment correlation and one-way ANOVA were used.

Results:

Using intercorrelation and ANOVA, it was found that there is a significant difference between the three groups of farmers on different dimensions of mental health (P < 0.01), suicidal ideation (P < 0.01), and resilience (P < 0.01). Mean and statistical differences were found between the three groups of farmers. Farmers, who are farming on leasehold land, show more somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, severe depression, and suicidal ideation. On the other hand, farmers who have above 9-acre land scored highest on the scale of resilience and social dysfunction. Hence, it is recommended that the farmers who are farming on leasehold land may have to consider the possibility of recruiting qualified counselors.
High school basic life support training
Authors: Sanati Ali , Jaberi Ali Ansari , Bonabi Tayebeh Negahban
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Although basic life support (BLS) has been taught in school by a variety of professionals, it is still unclear that, whether the instructor's previous cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) experience is an important factor. This study aimed to compare the effect of BLS training, based on trainer experience in actual situations, on knowledge and skills of secondary high school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this randomized controlled trial, 150 high school students were selected based on the inclusion criteria and then assigned into two groups, (76 in Group A), and (74 in Group B) randomly. Both groups were trained according to adult BLS: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines on mannequins in three 60 min in-person training sessions. The knowledge and skill scores were measured for both groups before, immediately, and 1 month after intervention by a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 22, using Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U, repeated-measure ANOVA tests, and statistically modeling at a significance level of 0.05.

RESULTS:

There were no significant differences between groups regarding demographic characteristics. The knowledge and skill scores in both groups increased significantly compared to baseline immediately and 1 month after the intervention (P = 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in knowledge scores between groups (P = 0.076(. However, at the immediacy and 1 month after the intervention, the skill score in “Group A” was significantly higher than the “Group B” (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The trainer's experience of CPR in the actual setting in the transfer of BLS knowledge is not important, but it improved Student's BSL skill acquisition score.
Social and behavioral determinants of early childhood caries
Authors: Chhabra Chaya , Sogi H. P. Suma , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Rana Swati , Gupta Sarudhir , Sharma Priyanka
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Early childhood caries is like an epidemic, especially in the developing world, hence exploring its appropriate factors in causing the disease the need of the hour. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate social and behavioral determinants of early childhood caries within the region of Ambala, Haryana.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present survey elaborated oral examination among 398 study participants within the age group of 4–5 years. Carious tooth was recorded using Gruebbel's deft DEFT index using clean mouth mirror and probe. A questionnaire comprising 21 questions in English as well as Hindi was prepared. There was an interviewer who took the interview of parents or caregivers. The questionnaire consisted of questions which were aimed at gaining information regarding infants feeding practice, social factors, and dental health behavior. The results of the study were tabulated, and inferential statistics were applied using ANOVA test along with regression (multiple logistic) procedure.

RESULTS:

The occurrence of caries was affected by the behavioral factors such as breastfeeding habits, bottle feeding habits, age of beginning of solid foods in children. There was no influence of age of beginning of taking fluid from cup. Besides social factors like annual family income, education of mothers, age of mother at the time of birth of children, age of children, order of children in the family had a significant effect over the occurrence and severity and extent of caries. Factors such as gender of children and profession of mother did not have had a significant role in early childhood caries. Dental health habits such as tooth brushing frequency, brushing under supervision, frequency of toothbrushing, quantity of toothpaste used had a significant effect over the frequency, and acerbity of caries in early infanthood.

CONCLUSION:

It can be concluded from this study that there is a significant correlation between several social and behavioral determinants and early childhood caries.
Factors associated and knowledge on road traffic accidents, rules among private university students in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Vijayakrishnan G. , Priyadharshini P. , Ramraj Balaji , Anantharaman V. V.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are an emerging public health issue of global concern causing 1.35 million deaths per year. They are the leading cause of death among 5–29 years who contribute to the future and current productive population of the country. The outcome of mortality and permanent disability are public health concerns. We determined the factors associated with RTAs among medical undergraduates and assessed their knowledge of road traffic rules.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study had 500 medical undergraduates from a tertiary hospital located in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected using questions from “Road safety question bank” issued by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, sent as Google forms to students. Descriptive statistics were used and multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with RTAs.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the students was 21.4 (standard deviation = 1.7) years. About 30.4% of students suffered from RTAs in the past 2 years. Practice of drunken driving and mobile phone usage showed significant association with RTA occurrence (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that students crossing speed limits and jumping signals had 3.19 and 2.04 times more risk of sustaining RTAs. Seventy-five percent of students had good knowledge on road traffic rules.

CONCLUSION:

Nearly half the subjects have suffered RTA in the past 2 years. Students who over speed, jumped signals and used mobile phones while driving sustained more RTAs. Overall, road traffic rules knowledge was satisfactory. Students need education on risky driving behaviors and aftermath of crashes.
Learning gain in web (internet) sourced seminars versus textbook sourced seminars in postgraduate medical students
Authors: Jawade Sugat A. , Waghmare Lalit S. , Madke Bhushan S. , Singh Adarshlata B. , Jawade Swapna S.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

In the past, textbook or printed material was the only source of information for medical students or post-graduate students. After the introduction of internet, knowledge can be accessed easily which is updated with various aids such as animation, videos which improve the learning efficiency. This study was conducted to compare the learning efficiency between textbook-based seminar to that of internet-based seminar in postgraduate students of the department of dermatology.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

It was a non-randamized controlled study. The postgraduate students in the department of dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical college, DMIMS(DU),Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India were divided into two equal groups by simple randomization method by flipping the coin. Totally 20 seminar topics were divided into two groups (A and B) consisting of 10 seminars in each group. Postgraduate students assigned in group A were asked to prepare seminar solely from textbooks while in group B, students were asked to prepare seminar by referring internet. Feedback form which consists of 7 points, i.e. appearance, completeness of preparation, clarity of presentation, appropriate use of audio visual aids, understanding of subject, ability to answer questions, and overall performance were filled up from faculties and postgraduate students after completion of each seminar. Pretest and post-test were filled up from postgraduate students before and after each seminar respectively. Learning gain was calculated by comparing the scores of pretest and posttest. Paired t-test was used to compare results in the group and unpaired t-test was used to compare results between the two groups.

RESULTS:

Faculties' feedback on overall performance was higher (4.59 ± 0.15) in web-based seminars as compared to in textbook-based seminars (3.85 ± 0.1) with significant P = 0.008. Furthermore, postgraduate students' feedback showed statistical significant value of 0.02 in web-based seminars (4.65 ± 0.06) compared to textbook-based seminars (3.2 ± 0.06). Learning gain was significantly higher in web-based seminar compared to textbook-based seminar with P = 0.02.

CONCLUSION:

It can be concluded that web-based learning can improve the learning efficiency in postgraduate medical students.
The quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness and their association with quality of school life and school achievement among students
Authors: Ahmadi Zahra , Omidvar Shabnam
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Sleep quality is an important factor in adolescents' health; physical as well as psychological. The aim of this study was to determine sleep quality and daytime sleepiness and their effect on the quality of school life (QSL) and achievement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in high schools. The data collection was done on a random sample of 500 students from 15 to 19 years. The questionnaires included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to measure daytime sleepiness as well as QSL. Data were analyzed by SPSS 25. Linear and logistic regressions were used to obtain adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios as well as predictors.

RESULTS:

The mean PSQI score was 6.2 ± 2.4. It was realized that 377 participants (75.4%) were poor sleepers; 6.2% had excessive daytime sleepiness. There was a significant association between age and quality of sleep (P < 0.04). No association between gender and quality of sleep or between the quality of sleep and school achievement was found. Linear regression exhibited a significant relationship between the quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness (β = 0.218; t = 4.982, P = 0.000). There was a significant, inverse correlation between sleepiness and the total score of QSL (P = 0.000). Stepwise linear regression analysis exhibited that daytime sleepiness (P = 0.002) and school achievement (P = 0.001) were predictors of QSL.

CONCLUSION:

According to the study results, sleepiness affects school performance and QSL, and on the other hand, daytime sleepiness is under the effect of sleep quality.
Is ignorance of the weekly iron and folic acid scheme among adolescents the deciding factor for its suboptimal utilization and ineffectiveness? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bali Surya , Alok Yash
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Targeting the huge burden of adolescent anemia, the Weekly Iron and Folic acid Supplementation (WIFS) was launched by the Government of India. Few studies have been done to assess the effective functioning of the program since its inception. The present study was done to assess the knowledge WIFS among adolescents of Madhya Pradesh and the associated factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was done in a total of six districts (3 districts where the national adolescent program was implemented and 3 districts where it was not) of Madhya Pradesh. Multistage stratified random sampling technique was used for the enrollment of 3213 adolescent boys and girls, and a prestructured and validated tool was used to collect paperless data. Ethical approval and consent from the participants were obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v21.

RESULTS:

It was observed that the knowledge of WIFS was more among adolescent girls (29.3%) as compared to adolescent boys (14.1%). More of the adolescent girls received Iron and folic acid tablets as compared to adolescent boys (60.8% girls vs. 24.1% boys). Mostly, the adolescents got Iron tablets from school followed by Anganwadi and PHC/CHC. Girls, rural location, literacy, below poverty line status, knowledge of anemia, adolescents who got iron and albendazole tablets, and adequate consumption of iron tablets (>4) were associated with higher knowledge of WIFS.

CONCLUSION:

The knowledge of WIFS was found to be less in adolescent boys. There is a hint of the fact that effective execution of the program among its beneficiaries leads to an automatic increased knowledge of the program, at least among the beneficiaries. Thus, an indirect but significant indirect finding is that the nationwide WIFS program needs to be put to greater focus among the adolescent boys, apart from its major focus on the female gender among most age groups.
Investigating the professional identity and resilience in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jafarianamiri Seyedeh Roghayeh , Qalehsari Mojtaba Qanbari , Zabihi Ali
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Professional identity includes the values and beliefs of a nurse that guide her thinking, action, and interaction with patients. The stressful conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic may have affected nursing students' resilience and attitudes toward their profession. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the professional identity and resilience in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in November and December 2020 with the participation of all nursing students of Babol University of Medical Sciences who spent at least one semester of internship in a hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, Connor-Davidson resilience scale, and nursing students' professional identity scale. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test, ANOVA, and correlation tests at a significance level of 0.05.

RESULTS:

Nursing students in the 3rd, 5th, and 7th semesters have spent a minimum of 13 and a maximum of 151 days of internship during the pandemic period. The mean score of professional identity of nursing students was 61.86 ± 9.34 and their mean resilience score was 32.08 ± 13.54. The resilience score of 92% of students was below 50. Professional identity was significantly stronger, and resilience was considerably higher in students who were satisfied with their profession and lived with their families (P < 0.05). In other words, students with higher professional identity scores had higher resilience (r = 0.39, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSION:

Despite a good professional identity score, the resilience of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic is low. Therefore, professors and the clinical education system should provide more support for students in such stressful times as the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Online viva voce as a formative assessment method in forensic medicine during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kumar G. N. Pramod , Urs A. N. Roopa , Undi Malatesh , Bakkannavar Shankar M.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Conducting online classes and assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic is not without challenges. The world of medical education is adapting online training and assessment because of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. The present study was conducted to assess the students' perception regarding the process, difficulties encountered and perceived effectiveness of online assessment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Online viva-voce (theory and visual based) was conducted in a government medical college in Karwar, Karnataka, India using videoconferencing application (Google Meet) to 149 second MBBS students as a formative assessment in 2020 over 3 months. Ten students per day joined Google Meet, 10 questions were asked to each student and assessed using a tutor marking system (on-spot). A feedback questionnaire (Google Form) was administered to students who attended online Viva-Voce. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Student's t-test).

RESULTS:

Out of 149 students, 132 participated and responded to a feedback questionnaire. Majority of the participants (91%) agreed that questions covered all topics kept for viva, 82% of them felt it would be helpful for performance in final examinations. Thirty percent of students faced network issues at their places, 45% felt nervous while facing viva in the presence of other students and 35% of participants preferred online methods over traditional viva voce. Online viva voce can be transparent (90%) and less biased (88%) if done in structured format.

CONCLUSION:

Online viva-voce may become relevant and effective in medical education assessment with transparent marking system for students' performance.
Systematic review of women's knowledge, attitude, and practice towards breast cancer
Authors: Meshkani Zahra , Moradi Najmeh , Aboutorabi Ali , Noman Sara , Motlagh Ali Ghanbari , Langarizadeh Mostafa
Published: June 2022

The present study aims to systematically review the women's knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of breast cancer (BC) screening methods to get enough information for policymakers to orient the screening strategies. All English KAP studies on BC screening methods in five databases up to January 2021 were included. The quality of the final articles was assessed using the STROBE checklist. The qualitative synthesis was performed. Out of 5574 retrieved articles, 28 were included. About 64% of the articles were of high quality. Overall, there were poor knowledge, negative attitude, and low practice between women. The educational programs and cultural plans can encourage regular screening. Women's excessive optimism to their BC risk should be eliminated by focusing on the risk of the disease, more.
Three-way summaries as a teaching–learning tool
Authors: Chauhan Alpesh K. , Khakhkhar Tejas M. , Khuteta Neelesh R. , Khilnani Gurudas D.
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

“Three-way summaries” (TWS) are a teaching–learning tool in which students respond to a question or topic inquiry by three different summaries (10–15 words, 30–50 words, and 75–100 words). The aim of this study was to introduce TWS, to establish its impact on learning retention, and to identify students' perception for TWS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

It was an educational interventional study. It was carried out in two randomly allocated groups, Group A having TWS as intervention and Group B without TWS, followed by crossover of the groups. Participants were assessed using two multiple choice question (MCQ) tests, ten marks each (one immediately and second after 1 week) during both phases. Students' perception regarding TWS was assessed by questionnaire using Likert scale. Statistical analysis was done by two-tailed independent t-test.

RESULTS:

Both groups' performance deteriorate after 1 week, but it was affected more in Group B without TWS (4.85 ± 1.89–4.70 ± 2.05, P = 0.05) as compared to Group A with TWS (5.30 ± 1.81–4.63 ± 1.90, P = 0.69). While in second phase, performance of the Group B with TWS improved more significantly (5.92 ± 2.24–6.83 ± 2.21, P = 0.04) in comparison with Group A without TWS (4.96 ± 1.89–5.66 ± 2.35, P = 0.09). Most of the students liked TWS as an educational tool using Likert scale (72%–86% agreeing and strongly agreeing).

CONCLUSIONS:

TWS is highly acceptable teaching–learning tool which improves learning retention.
Comparing the effects of demonstration, video display, and virtual social networks on nursing students’ learning of hemodialysis clinical skills
Authors: Ghahfarokhi Motahareh Musavi , Arzani-Birgani Arezo , Taheri Noorollah , Maqsoodi Fatemeh
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Applying new methods of clinical education seems to provide nursing students with educational opportunities. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of training through demonstration, video display, and virtual social space on the learning of clinical skills among nursing students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this semi-experimental research with posttest that was performed in 2019, thirty nursing students of the seventh semester were randomly assigned to three groups of demonstration, video display, and the social virtual space education with ten people in each group. The research was conducted in the hemodialysis ward of university hospitals. Each group was trained and evaluated during 10 days with 5-h sessions continuously. Participants' skills were evaluated using eight self-made, valid and reliable checklists, and the three groups were compared. For data analysis such as the means and standard deviations and inferential statistics, Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis likelihood-ratio, and Chi-squared test in SPSS version 16 were used.

RESULTS:

The results indicated that practical skill levels in the group of virtual social network were significantly higher than the two groups of video display (P = 0.045) and demonstration (P = 0.03). In addition, the group of virtual space had significantly higher scores than those of the other two groups only in two skills of “prime” and “disconnecting the patients from the machine” (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

Proper use of networks and social virtual space for clinical training, along with conventional methods of learning, provides good learning opportunities and is affordable in terms of time, cost, and process.
The relationship between empathy and personality traits in Saudi medical students
Authors: Yasien Saba , Almuzaini Fadwa
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:

Empathy is regarded as a fundamental personal attribute for in-training and in-practice doctors. Several factors may play a significant role to facilitate or prevent the ability of doctors' empathy toward their patients. The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship of empathy with personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience) among undergraduate medical students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study was based on a correlational, cross-sectional design and was conducted from January 2020 to April 2020. The sample consisted of 301 undergraduate medical students studying in different medical colleges situated in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Personal information form, the big-five personality inventory, and the interpersonal reactivity index scales were administered. Obtained data were analyzed by applying several methods such as mean, standard deviation, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multivariable linear regression.

RESULTS:

Regression analysis revealed that personality dimensions accounted for 10–19% of the variance in scores of empathy sub-dimensions of perspective-taking, empathetic concern, fantasy, and personal distress. Agreeableness was found to be associated with empathetic concern and perspective-taking. Openness to experience was found to be significantly related to perspective-taking and fantasy, whereas extraversion was negatively associated with perspective-taking. Neuroticism had an association with personal distress, empathetic concern, and fantasy. Additionally, no gender difference was observed and students with people-oriented specialty preferences showed significantly higher scores on empathy sub-domains than technology-oriented students.

CONCLUSION:

This study confirmed that personality dimensions play a notable role to predict empathetic behaviors among Saudi undergraduate medical students. This study would help to design individualized strategies by incorporating personality dimensions in the training program to enhance empathetic behavior among medical students.
Avian Assisted Intervention During Covid-19 Pandemic Restrictions
Authors: Wood Sandia , Thelander Hill Mary
Published: June 2022

Occupational Deprivation has been a present risk [ER1] for people in inpatient hospital settings such as Skilled Nursing Facilities (SNF) during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions. Clients have described their days as “boring” and “unfulfilling.” Clients experiencing extended in-patient hospitalization, who already might experience great interruptions to their treasured roles, routines, and occupations, were further restricted from recreational and social opportunities usually present in those settings. This work describes the translation of the animal assisted intervention evidence base to an occupational therapy student-developed program at a SNF to address this deficit. A vibrant avian therapy partner gave moments of joy for clients whose activities were heavily restricted during widespread social isolation of the COVID-19 containment efforts. Connections to performance skills in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (AOTA, 2020). are discussed
Examining the Effects of Passenger Conversation on Older Adult Driving
Authors: Green Allison , Tedder Meg , Mohler Amanda , Carpenter Amanda
Published: June 2022

Older adults have impaired driving performance compared to other age groups, and auditory stimuli has adverse effects on driving performance (Karthaus & Falkenstein, 2016). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to expand knowledge of driving and passenger conversation within the older adult population. Participants (n = 17) completed a drive of 7.8 miles on a driving simulator twice; once without conversation and again with conversation. Both drives used the same simulated driving tasks to examine driving performance with and without conversation. Participants exhibited poorer driving performance from the first drive without conversation to the second drive with conversation, specifically in time over the speed limit and average speed. Descriptive statistics also indicated that participants demonstrated poorer driving performance between the first drive and the second drive. Taken together, these findings indicated that passenger conversation negatively impacted driving performance in older adults. Therefore, older adults should be cautious about engaging in conversation while driving, as it can impair their safety.
Olumsuz Algı Yönetimi Biçimi Olarak İnkarcıların Kur’an’da Tuzak Kurma Eylemleri
Authors: TUFAN Rabia Berre
Published: June 2022

İnsanların tarih boyunca maruz kaldıkları uyaranları idrak etme, anlama ve değerlendirme çabası içinde olmaları bilişsel bir süreç olan algılama sürecinin başlamasına etki etmektedir. Algılama sürecinin sonunda insanın tutumlarına temel olan algılara ulaşılmaktadır. Algılama süreci değişken ve öznel bir süreç olduğundan bu süreç boyunca insan çevresel faktörlerden, kültürden ve farklı görüşlerden etkilenebilmektedir. İnsanların algılamalarına etki edebileceğini bilen algı yöneticileri toplumları istedikleri şekilde güdülemek amacıyla algı yönetimi faaliyetlerinde bulunmuşlardır. Kur’an’daki algı yönetimi örneklerinden hareketle inkarcıların peygamberler ve onların getirdiği akideler hakkında toplum nazarında oluşabilecek olumlu algıların bir takım tuzak kurma faaliyetleriyle önüne geçmek istediklerini görmekteyiz. Bizim bu çalışmadaki amacımız inkarcıların bulundukları toplumlarda yürüttüğü algı operasyonlarına dayalı tuzak kurma eylemlerini Kur’an’da bahsi geçen örneklerden yola çıkarak a) doğru söyleyeni itibarsızlaştırmak b) algıyı gerçeğe dayandırmak c) değerlere yaslanmak d) akla değil duygulara hitap etmek e) güvenilirlik kazanmak ve etkili bir taşıyıcı bulmak f) çoğunluğa uyma zaafını kullanmak g) bütünden koparmak ve bilgiyi işlemden geçirmek başlıkları altında ele almaktır. Bu bağlamda elde edilen veriler yorumlayıcı yaklaşım yöntemiyle tarihsel dokümantasyon tekniğini kullanarak örnekler üzerinden tahliller yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Kaynakları Açısından Kur’an’da Halk İnançları Eleştirisi
Authors: YILDIZ İbrahim
Published: June 2022

Halk inançlarının tarihi, insanlık tarihi kadar eskidir. İnsanın var olduğu her yer ve zamanda bu inançların ortaya çıktığı, geliştiği, halkın büyük bir kısmını etkisi altına aldığı görülmüştür. Birçoğunun kaynakları itibariyle gerçeklikle ilgisinin olmaması ve insanları Allah’ın yolundan uzaklaştırmaları nedeniyle bu inançlar, peygamberlerin mücadele ettiği önemli konulardan biri olmuştur. Kur’an’da bu inançların nedenleri, ortaya çıkışları, halkı nasıl yanılttıkları anlatılmakta, ortadan kaldırılması için peygamberin mücadeleleri ve sundukları deliller aktarılmaktadır. Kur’an’da özellikle putlar, fal, uğur-uğursuzluk ve hayvanlar ile ilgili batıl halk inançları konu edinilmekte ve bunların dayandıkları deliller sorgulanmaktadır. Kur’an’ın halk inançları hakkındaki temel ölçütü bu inançların kaynağının sahih bilgiye dayanıp dayanmadığıdır. Eğer inançlar, kaynağını vahiy kültüründen alıyorsa ortada bir sorun yoktur. Fakat cahil ve menfaatperest ataların kendi çıkarları için uydurup ortaya attığı, yılların geçmesi ile de toplumda yerleşen bir inanç ise Kur’an, buna itiraz eder. Dolayısıyla Kur’an, tüm halk inançlarını değil, geçmişi bilinçsizce taklit eden gelenekçi zihniyetin sahip olduğu sahih olmayan inançları eleştirmiş ve reddetmiştir. Bu çalışmada halk inançlarının ortaya çıkıp zihinlerde ve gündelik hayatta yerleşerek insanları sahih tevhit inancından saptırması ekseninde, bâtıl halk inançlarının kaynaklarına dair Kur’an’ın yaptığı eleştiriler ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın kısıtlı boyutu dikkate alınarak Kur’an’da haber verilen halk inançlarından seçmeler yapılacak, Kur’an’ın bu inanışların sahihliğinin test edilebilmesi için insanlara teklif ettiği ölçüler incelenecektir.
Kur’an-ı Kerîm’de ‘Asâ Fiili ve İhtiva Ettiği Manalar
Authors: DEMİRBAŞ Servet
Published: June 2022

Kur’an’ın okunup anlaşılması büyük ölçüde Arapçanın dil yapısının bilinmesine ve lafızların cümle içindeki konumlarına göre taşıdıkları anlamların doğru tespit edilmesine bağlıdır. Lafız-mana ilişkisi diye isimlendirilen bu durum tefsir ilmi açısından önemli olduğu için yapılan her türlü tefsir çalışmalarında dil bilimsel yaklaşımlar Kur’an’da Allah Teâlâ’nın muradını belirlemede önemli yer tutmuştur. Nazmı ve manasıyla i‘câzın en mükemmel halini temsil eden Kur’an, insanların ruh dünyalarını ve anlayışlarını etkileyerek onları en güzel olana yönlendirmek için farklı edebî üsluplar kullanmıştır. Arap dilinde ve Kur’an’da özel kullanım şartlarına ve geniş anlam yelpazesine sahip lafızlardan biri de ‘asâ/عسى fiilidir. Diğer fiillere nazaran farklı kullanım şartlarına tabi olan bu fiil, cümledeki konumuna, sözü söyleyenin ve muhatabın durumuna göre farklı manalar ifade etmektedir. Müfessirler عسى fiilinin ifade ettiği manaları tefsirlerinde geniş izahlarla ele almışlardır. Konuya eleştirel bir açıdan yaklaşarak onların değişik vesilelerle yaptıkları açıklamaları bir araya getirmek Kur’an’ı anlamaya yardımcı olacaktır. Bir giriş üç ana başlıktan oluşan bu çalışmada öncelikle عسىfiili dil bilimleri açısından incelendikten sonra Kur’an’da kullanıldığı ayetlerin iç ve dış bağlamlarına göre ihtiva ettiği anlamlar keşfedilmeye çalışıldı. İkinci olarak müfessirlerin bu fiil hakkında yaptığı açıklamalar ve yorumlar eleştirel bir tarzda ele alınarak konunun anlaşılmasına katkı sunabilecek bazı öneriler sunuldu. Üçüncü başlıkta bu fiilin Kur’an’da kullanıldığı manaları tespit edilmeye çalışıldı. Özellikle meal çalışmalarında عسى fiilini tek düze tercüme yerinde ayetin bağlamına göre daha uygun manalar verilmesi üzerinde durularak Kur’an araştırmacılarına ve meâl çalışmalarına olumlu katkılar sunulmaya çalışıldı.