bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
W tej rzeki. Miejscownik liczby pojedynczej rzeczowników żeńskich twardotematowych w gwarach polskich na Litwie
Authors: Karaś Halina
Published: January 2020

Przedmiot opisu stanowią w niniejszym artykule formy miejscownika liczby pojedynczej rzeczowników żeńskich twardotematowych występujące w gwarach polskich na Litwie w rejonach ignalińskim i jezioroskim graniczących z Białorusią i Łotwą, a w szczególności nieopisane w literaturze przedmiotu, nieznane na innych obszarach gwarowych na Litwie formy miejscownika synkretyczne z dopełniaczem, typu w tej rzeki, pierwszy w rodziny, na swojej skóry. W artykule przedstawiono genezę tych osobliwości, ich frekwencję, liczebność i uwarunkowania idiolektalne.
Uncertainty Estimation of the Fe Content Measurement in the Clean Water Using UV- Vis Spectrophotometer
Authors: Syahputra Adi
Published: January 2020

Good laboratories should be able to apply procedures uncertainty for measuring of both conventional and instrument equipment. As well as the testing for Fe content using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. As for the purpose for calculating the uncertainty estimated to determine the range of values within which estimated the true value of the testing standard solution Fe using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The uncertainty estimation are influenced by several factors such as sample used, reading of spectrophotometer, repeatability, sample volume. The uncertainty of the calculation obtained a value of ± 0,02 mg/L. Further testing of Fe content in the clean water using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer  at the 500 nm wavelength which forms an orange solution as indication of Fe content in the water. The result of Fe content has quality standards according to the spesifications issued by ministry of health Republic of Indonesia  in 2010 for drinking water.
Antioxidant Activity Test for Rukam Fruit (Flacourtia rukam) Of Maseration Extract
Authors: Fadiyah Inas , Lestari Iin , Victory Shelly
Published: January 2020

Rukam fruit (Flacourtia rukam) is one of the wild plants that are widely distributed in Indonesia, especially on the island of Bangka. The results of previous studies stated that rukam fruit has a phenolic content of 40 mg GAE / 100 grams. Phenolic compounds have major benefits as antioxidants, where antioxidants have the ability to inhibit the work of free radicals. Therefore a study was conducted to assess the content of secondary metabolites and the antioxidant bioactivity of the Flacourtia rukam species using maceration method. Rukam fruit extract was obtained using the Maceration method. As for the antioxidant test using the DPPH` method. The results of the antioxidant activity test of rukam extract with ethanol solvent obtained IC50 value 236,169 µg / mL and in rukam extract with acetone solvent obtained IC50 276,443 µg / mL which showed that the antioxidant properties of this rukam were moderate.
Imam Al-Ghazali on The Balance Observance of ‘Ibadah (Devotional Act): An Enduring Legacy to The Muslim World
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Rosmizi
Published: January 2020

This article analyses Imam al-Ghazali’s theory of the balance observance of ibadah (devotional acts or good deeds) among Muslims. Performing ‘ibadah, is part and parcel of the Muslims’ life. Nevertheless, the majority of Muslims—scholars and the public alike—place great emphasis only on the diligent outward performance of devotional acts, and on the observance of the outward requirements. However, Imam al-Ghazali goes beyond this normative practice, arguing that a mere outward observance of devotional acts is still insufficient, and indeed is still at risk. This article is theoretical in nature, and it involves bibliographic research, employing descriptive and analytic methods. The article founds that Imam al-Ghazali maintains devotional acts consist of outward and inward dimensions, and both need to be observed simultaneously and kept in balance. It is only through this balance observance that devotional acts will be transformed from mere physical motions of pure ritualistic observance to spiritually rich deeds, filled with real understanding, wisdom, and realisation.
Zainab Al-Ghazali: Sejarah Kebangkitan Mujahidah Islam di Mesir
Authors: Mohd Ghazali Ummi Zainab , Sabjan Muhammad Azizan
Published: January 2020

Zainab al-Ghazali was one of the utmost female figure fighters in the contemporary Islamic history. She was the founder of Muslim Women Association (MWA) of ‘Jama’at al-Sayyidat al-Muslima’ and the driving force behind Muslimah Akhwat Association. The rallying call of her struggle was to spread Islamic knowledge towards Muslim women, instilling them of their rights and responsibilities, imparting a wave of change on them in line with the teaching of al-Quran and sunnah. This paper intends to discuss her dedication to fight and elevate the status of Muslim women in the field of education, social, politics, as well as economy in Egypt. This research employs qualitative method by analyzing data descriptively. The result showed that her enlightenment had greatly impacted a massive number of women in Egypt to rise up to defend and to fight for their rights. Her personality, bravery, and intellectual have succeeded in uplifting the hierarchy of women in the world of da’wah and Islamic politics and successfully warded off conventional prejudice towards women’s leadership in society. In a strict sense, her battle was truly exemplary and could be used as a point of reference for Muslim women in facing plight in a best manner.
Pendakwah Kampung Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady Dalam Pemikiran Politik
Authors: Sairan Mohd Ammyrul Ashraf , Ahmad Shukri
Published: January 2020

This article discusses Muhammad Uthman El-Muhmamady’s thought in the context of his political philosophy. His political thought can be expressed in three important components, namely Nationhood, Partisan and Leadership and Administration. This article employs library research. The discussion focuses on the concept of democracy in Islam, spirit of asabiyyah and nationalism, and good governance from the Islamic perspective. This article found that with a combination of these three components has be shown that El-Muhammady political thought influence by traditional philosophy Islamic Scholar Ahli Sunnah such as Imam al-Ghazali and al-Mawardi.
Optimal DG Unit Placement and Sizing in Radial Distribution Network for Power Loss Minimization and Voltage Stability Enhancement
Authors: M'hamdi Benalia , Teguar Madjid , Tahar Benaissa
Published: January 2020

The optimal allocation and size of decentralized generating units are essential to minimize power losses, while meeting the demand for active and reactive power in a distribution system. In other words, most of the total energy produced can be efficiently exploited by end users. In addition, if the DGs are of optimal size and location in the distribution system, the reliability, stability and efficiency of the power system are guaranteed. This paper focuses on reducing power losses and improving the voltage profile by accurately identifying the optimal location and sizing of Distributed Generation based on three indexes, namely the IVM Index Vector Method, the VDI Voltage Deviation Index and the VSI Voltage Stability Index. Two types of DGs were considered for the analysis: DGs operating with unit power factor and DGs operating with a lagging power factor. Three optimization algorithms are applied to determine the optimal sizes of decentralized generation units in a power distribution network which are GWO, WOA and PSO. The results obtained in this article show that the three algorithms give very similar values. DG at lagging power factor gives better results compared with those obtained with DGs at unity power factor. In terms of loss reduction and minimum bus voltage, the best results are obtained for the VSI index with a DG at a power factor of 0.9.
Analisis Atas Efektivitas Pengelolaan Data Dan Informasi Kependudukan Pada Pemda Kabupaten/Kota Dan Instansi Terkait Lainnya
Authors: Antoni Erwin , . Silviana
Published: January 2020

Population administration is a series of activities in structuring and controlling population documents and data through population registration, civil registration, management of population administration information and utilization of its results for public services and development of other sectors. In the 2015-2019 RPJMN it is mentioned that Population and Family Planning (KKB) Development is directed at one of them: Improving the quality of population data and information as the basis for developing development policies and programs and implementing basic population services. One of the authorities of the Regency / City Government is to carry out community service activities in the area of ??Population Administration. The local government plays an important role in improving the quality of data and information on the population. This paper discusses the administration of population administration in regency/city governments and other relevant agencies. The discussion covers the background of topic selection, general description, regulation, business process on the object of research and risk analysis of the business process. Next, the objectives and types of research are discussed, the period of time, the number and competence of researchers, the methodology and procedures of the research to be conducted. The selection of key areas uses the RIS analysis method (Risk Management, Research Impacts, Significance). The results of this study are expected to provide appropriate and actionable recommendations in order to improve the quality of population data and information.
Postpartum Maternal Care Tradition in Manunggang Jae Village Padangsidimpuan City Indonesia
Authors: Rosmala Dewi  , Ida Yustina  , Etti Sudaryati  , Nurmaini  , Fikarwin Zuska
Published: January 2020

Maternal and child health problems cannot be separated from cultural factors in the society. One example of culture related to maternal and child health is the marapi tradition carried out by the puerperal mother in Manunggang Jae Village, Padangsidimpuan City. Marapi tradition is a tradition of fumigating or heating a mother who has just given birth and her baby for 40 days. This study aims to explore more information about the practice of postpartum maternal care in Manunggang Jae Village, Padangsidimpuan City. This research is a qualitative research with phenomenology design. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with 8 postpartum mothers, traditional leaders and health workers in October 2018 untill August 2019 in Manunggang Jae Village, Padangsidimpuan City. The results showed that postpartum maternal care was based on hereditary traditions, the types of care were fumigation of the mother and baby during puerperium and standing on a fireplace (manjonjongi api). The community believes this practice makes mothers recover faster and babies are stronger but in terms of health this tradition has a negative impact on the health of postpartum mothers and newborns.
Prospect of natural regeneration of tree species in Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MA , Alim MA , Hossain MK , Hossain MA
Published: January 2020

Natural regeneration of tree species is the major means of understanding the restoration potentiality of a secondary forest. Natural regeneration of a forest is a tool for measuring the health of the forest ecosystem. Natural regeneration status of tree species in Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary (HWS) in Chittagong North Forest Division, Bangladesh was assessed laying 75 systematic quadrats of 4m×4m in size. A total of 90 regenerating tree species belonging to 34 families was identified from the HWS. Euphorbiaceae family possessed maximum regenerating tree species (14 species) followed by Mimosaceae (7), Lauraceae and Meliaceae (6 species each), and Moraceae (5 species). The overall seedling density was 7,083 per ha where Ficus hispida showed the highest number of seedlings (792 per ha) followed by Quercus sp. (475), Ficus religiosa (408), Lithocarpus elegans (375) and Lepisanthes rubiginosa (367). The number of Ficus hispida seedlings per ha was higher due to high coppicing ability. Lepisanthes rubiginosa attained maximum IVI (27.59) followed by Ficus hispida (21.18) and Quercus oxyodon (13.32). The seedlings of Aegle marmelos, Lithocarpus sp., Flacourtia jangomas, Albizia odoratissima, Acronychia padunculata, Chaetocarpus castanicarpus, Maesa paniculata, Crypteronia paniculata, Streblus asper and Mussaenda roxburghii were also found common in the study area. The findings will create baseline information of regenerating tree species, composition, diversity and population structure which can be used for monitoring future changes as well as taking policy decisions for the management of this Wildlife Sanctuary.

J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 1-12
Influence of vermicompost and npk on the growth and protein content of boro rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Nishi KN , Rahman S , Nakamura K , Rahman MK
Published: January 2020

Influence of vermicompost (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ton/ha), Nitrogen (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 kg/ha), phosphorus (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg/ha) and potassium (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) on the growth and protein contents of Boro rice (Oriza sativa L.) was examined. Highest height (93.03cm), leaf number (23 no/plant), highest productive plants observed (8.67 no/pot), vegetative plants (8.0 no/pot), dry weight of panicle per plant (9.45 g), length of panicle (22.37 cm), number of grains per panicle (153.33),1000-grain weight (21.56 g) and the maximum dry weight (28.15 g/plant) were observed in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments. Highest concentrations of protein content (29.875%), P (0.478%), K (5.20%) and S (0.182%) were in N60P20K50 kg/ha. Results showed that the overall best growth performance and yield were achieved in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments.

J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 69-74
Effects of lead on growth, yield and mineral nutrition of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Jasmin P , Prian WZ , Mondol MN , Ullah SM , Chamon AS
Published: January 2020

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of lead (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg kg-1) on rice (Oryza sativa) and remediation of metal contamination by applying cow dung, poultry litter and lime to alleviate lead toxicity. The lengths, fresh and dry weights of shoot, root and macronutrients decreased with increasing level of lead compared to the control. The maximum reduction was observed in the pots treated with 200 mg kg-1 lead (19.50 and 20.03% for grain, 17.15 and 19.75% for shoot and 17.96 and 30.02% for root on the fresh and dry weight, respectively). The highest reduction in macronutrient content was observed in 200 mg kg-1 lead treated pot where N, P, K, Ca and Mg concentrations were reduced by 31.14, 47.44, 22.49, 21.84 and 31.58% for shoot and 28.95, 55.64, 37.5, 49.33 and 23% for root, respectively. On the other hand lead concentration in roots and shoots were increased with increasing lead treatment compared to the control. Treatments of the amendments (cow dung, poultry litter and lime) had positive effects though cow dung outshining the rest of them. This particular organic matter had considerable decreasing impacts in lead uptake by rice. Cow dung treated pots increased fresh and dry weight by 31.48 and 32.07% for grain, 14.08 and 35.30% for shoot and 57.09 and 34.48% for root compared to pot treated with 100 mg kg-1 lead. Cow dung remediated lead concentration by 48.85, 65.00 and 62.00% for grain, shoot and root, respectively.

J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 83-92
Insecticidal effects of two medicinal plants Polygonum hydropiper L. and Abrus precatorius L. leaves against the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Bhattacharjee SC , Matin MM , Nasiruddin M
Published: January 2020

During the study, the leaves of two medicinal plants, Polygonum hydropiper and Abrus precatorius were extracted with water, ethanol, methanol and petroleum ether solvents and tested against the rice weevil S. oryzae L. for insecticidal properties. Response varied with plant species. The mortality of adults increased with increasing dose concentrations from 1000 ppm to 5000 ppm each solution, with an exposure time of 72 hours. LC50 values calculated were found to be 15091.436 ppm with water, 5051.534 ppm with ethanol, 5111.063 ppm with methanol and 4305.348 ppm with petroleum ether extracts of P. hydropiper and 9687.292 ppm with water, 6263.849 ppm with ethanol, 4682.683 ppm with methanol and 3222.984 ppm with petroleum ether extracts of Abrus precatorius leaves corresponding their concentrations of the leaf extract solutions at 1000ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 5000 ppm respectively. The results of the study showed that methanol and petroleum ether extrcts of P. hydropiper and ethanol, methanol and petroleum ether extracts of A. precatorius showed good toxicity. It appeared that the leaf extracts had some insecticidal activities against S. oryzae adult.

J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 107-114
Evaluation of microbial quality and pathogenic potentiality of enterobacteria in poultry feeds
Authors: Islam S , Tanjila N , Begum MF
Published: January 2020

The present investigation has been carried out to assess the microbial safety and pathogenic potentialities of enterobacteria in poultry feeds. From the results it was observed that total aerobic plate count of poultry feeds samples were recorded as 2.8 × 105 to 5.8 × 109 cfu/g and 100% samples contained ≥106 cfu/g while the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 8.797/gm. Large number of coliforms were recorded in different poultry feed samples and the ranges of cfu were counted as 1.2 × 104 to 5.2 × 107/g while average 75% samples were contaminated with coliform bacteria with ≥104 cfu/g and the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 6.103/g. The ranges of cfu of Escherichia coli were 1.03 × 102 to 1.09 × 105/g and 70% samples contained ≥102 cfu/g while the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 4.493/gm. But the ranges of cfu of total Salmonella sp. were recorded as 1.02 × 101 to 5.25 × 104/g and 50% samples contained ≥102 cfu/g and the highest mean of cfu was counted as log10 3.665/g. Total 29 enterobacterial isolates were isolated from the feed by using selected media. On the basis of morphological characteristics and biochemical test results the isolates were identified as Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp. and Escherichia coli. These isolates were tested on blood agar medium and only seven isolates showed positive β-hemolytic activity.In virulence efficacy test, only hemolytic positive isolates were ingested to chicken and observed that E. coli (SGE-1), Klebsiella sp. (SSE-6) and Salmonella sp. (JSS-9) isolates were highly toxic because the experimental chickens were died after 3 days of ingestion of the bacteria, two isolates showed loose motion symptom after 15 days while other isolates showed little sickness. All the selected isolates showed positive hem-agglutination reactivity in poultry RBC. The results indicate that the poultry feeds were highly contaminated with pathogenic enterobacteria which are risk to public health.

J. bio-sci. 28: 59-68, 2020
Prevalence and PCR based molecular characterization of goat pox virus from field outbreaks of Multan and Bahawalnagar, Pakistan
Authors: Ijaz A , Jabeen F , Ashraf A , Naz S
Published: January 2020

This study was designed to check the prevalence and PCR-based molecular characterization of goat pox virus (GTPV) in the Multan and Bahwalnagar regions of Punjab, Pakistan. Capripox virus (CPPV) is the cause of goat pox (GTP) and sheep pox (SPP) disease, it highly affects the morbidity and mortality rate of goats and sheep. In this study, the 80 tissues and blood samples of goats were collected on age basis from the goat farms, slaughter houses, tanneries and domestic animals. The epidemiological data was also collected. The collected samples were processed for DNA extraction. We characterized the goat pox virus (GTPV) with specific primers of P32 gene by PCR. Then each amplified product was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis visualized by UV fluorescence light. This study showed that Infants of goats (2-10 months) in Multan showed 25% while adult goat in Multan showed 14.2 % positive results. In Bahawlnagar, the affected infants of goats (2-10 months) found were 31.25% while adult infected goats were 11.1%. Both primers were equally effective for the characterization of unknown samples. The most effected goats were adult female and infants.

J. bio-sci. 28: 95-103, 2020
Correlation of Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and Haematoma Volume during Surgical and Conservative Management of Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Haque Mohammad Ashraful , Rahman Khaled Ahmedur , Rahman Mohammad Mahfuzur , Talukder Moazzam Hossain , Amin ABM Ruhul , Salam Md Abdus
Published: January 2020

Background: Haematoma volume is an important issue for the management of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage patients.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to correlate the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and haematoma volume during surgical and conservative management of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage patients.

Methodology: This randomized control trial which was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital from January 2010 to October 2011 for a period of one year and ten months. All hypertensive patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage who were admitted within 48 hours of stroke in Neurosurgery Department during the study period were considered as a study population. Patients underwent surgery was considered as group I and patients those who did not give the consent for operation were treated conservatively was considered as group II. Surgery and conservative groups were matched in age, GCS, GOS, hematoma location and volume of hematoma.

Result: A total of 31 patients were enrolled in this study of which 14 patients underwent surgical evacuation and 17 cases were selected for conservative therapy. Significant negative correlation was found between GCS on admission with hematoma volume in surgery group (r=-0.631; P=0.016) and conservative group (r=- 0.854; p=0.001). A negative but not significant correlation (r=-0.426; P=0.129) between GOS with hematoma volume in group I, where negative significant correlation (r=-0.503; P=0.039) in conservative group II.

Conclusion: In conclusion Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) is positively correlated with the haematoma volume during surgical and conservative management of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage patients

Journal of Science Foundation 2019;17(1):9-14
Yunan Makedonyası’nda Ulusal ve Etnik Kimliğin İnşası
Authors: SERDAR Ayşe
Published: January 2020

Bu makale, Yunan Makedonyası’ndaki Slav-Makedonlarına dönükasimilasyon ve entegrasyon mekanizmalarına odaklanarak Yunan ulusal kimliği ve etnik farklılıkarasındaki ilişkiyiincelemektedir. İnşacı ve modernist kuramlarıtemel alarak, Slav-Makedon etnik kimliğinin şekillenme sürecinde çeşitli koşulların ve Yunan ulus-devlet politikalarının belirleyici etkisini tartışır. Baskın olarak etno-kültürel bir içerikle inşa edilen Yunan ulus-devletinde,Slav-Makedonlardin ve kültür bakımından Yunanlığın içinde görüldüklerindenazınlık olarak tanınmamışve ayırt edici özellikleri nüfus değişimleri, dilsel asimilasyon ve Yunan İç Savaşı’nınçok yönlü etkileriyle baskı altına alınmıştır. Ulus-devlet politikası,dil ve din gibi kültürel farklarınetnikleşmesinin ve siyasallaşmasının önüne geçmeye çalışmış ve daha asimile edilebilir görülendil farkıyla ayrışan Slav-Makedonlar çeşitli biçimlerde etniksizleştirilerek Yunanlık evrenine eşit yurttaşlar olarak dâhil edilmişlerdir. HemYunanistan içindeki Slav-Makedon aktivizmine,hem de komşu bir Slav devletinin Kuzey Makedonyaadını kullanmasınakarşıverilen siyasi ve toplumsal tepki,Yunan vatandaşı Slav-Makedonların etnik kimliğinin inkârınınYunan ulusal kimliğin kurucu ve şekil verici ilkelerindenbirine dönüşmesiyle ilişkilidir.
Role of Government Interest Sarereiket Hold in Village in District Madobag Mentawai Islands
Authors: Anshar Sayid
Published: January 2020

The problem in this study is How the Sarereiket Tribe Role in organizing Government in the Village of Madobag Mentawai Islands District. The purpose of this study was to determine the Role of the Sarereiket Tribe in organizing Government in Madobag Village, Mentawai Islands Regency. This study uses qualitative and descriptive methods. In this study, the population is Madobag village apparatus, village representative body (BPD), hamlets, tribal organizations, community shops and Madobag village community environment. The sample in this study is Madobag village apparatus six people, one village representative body (BPD), three hamlet heads, two community shops and two people in the Madobag  village environment. with purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of this study it is suggested that to realize good leadership at the village level, the village head must play a greater role in every village administration activity that concerns the public interest and is clearer in making decisions and being fair and being consistent in carrying out decisions especially in Sarereiket tribal governance in the village of Madobag.
Assessing Startup Performance: "Case Study at National Business Incubator"
Authors: Soeryo Prayogo Mayar , Suhud Usep , Wahyu Handaru Agung
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine the Startup Performance of the national incubator which are includes Knowledge Management, Business Incubator, and the effectiveness of innovation. Besides that this research is expected to have tangible benefits toward the process of achieving Startup goals that owned by business performers. This study will test five hypotheses of direct influence (effect) and two hypotheses of mediating influence (indirect effect). This study will use 339 respondents as sample with a Startup analysis unit that operates and is affiliated with a local Startup development business incubator located in Jabodetabek, West Java Province (excluding Depok & Bekasi), Central Java and Bali. The intended startup on this research is Person In Charge (PIC) / company founder / owner. The PIC / founder / owner of the company here is not limited by age, gender and position at the Startup. The company's PIC / founder / owner is only limited towardStartup which is built by the business incubator. The research method used is Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to test path analysis by operating AMOS 22. The results of this study indicate that all proposed hypotheses can be accepted statistically, both direct side and indirect effects (mediation) side
Could the Non-domestication of Nigerian Treaties Affect International Energy Investment Attraction into the Country?
Authors: Nriezedi-Anejionu Chinenyendo
Published: January 2020

In a bid to attract foreign direct investments (FDI) into the energy sector, Nigeria has signed many investment and energy-related treaties. However, many of these treaties have not been ratified and domesticated as required by the 1999 Nigerian Constitution and as such cannot be applied by domestic courts when necessary. This raises serious legal questions on the status of the various energy investment-relevant treaties Nigeria has signed. This is especially relevant to bilateral investment treaties (BITs) where their non-domestication renders their provisions not legally binding on domestic courts. It becomes problematic in situations where certain provisions in BITs such as the exhaustion of local remedies (ELR), fork-in-the-road (FITR), denial of justice and expropriation claims, require disputes to be addressed (at least initially) in domestic courts before international arbitration is accessed. This article provides an analysis of various ways non-domestication of treaties could affect the investment interests of a dualist country such as Nigeria that is actively seeking to attract FDI for the development of its energy sector. Pointing out the implications and various ways both investors' and Nigeria's interests could be undermined, it argues for a reform in the way treaties are implemented in Nigeria to facilitate their domestication.
RESIKO AKTIFITAS SEKSUAL PADA USIA MUDA TERHADAP HASIL DETEKSI DINI KANKER CERVIKS DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Pranoto Heni Hirawati
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT  Peningkatan kasus baru kanker serviks di Indonesia merupakan masalah kesehatan reproduksi yang penting untuk segera diatasi. Inspeksi Visual Asetat (IVA) merupakan upaya deteksi dini kanker serviks yang disarankan. Salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya kanker serviks adalah aktifitas seksual pada usia muda. Pada usia muda, saluran rahim belum sempurna sehingga belum siap untuk terjadinya kehamilan. Sel-sel di saluran vagina perempuan yang menikah terlalu muda bisa menjadi ganas yang mengakibatkan kanker saat melakukan aktivitas seksual dengan frekuensi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara aktifitas seksual pada usia muda dengan hasil deteksi dini kanker serviks di Kabupaten Temanggung. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh wanita yang melakukan pemeriksaan deteksi dini kanker serviks di Kabupaten Temanggung Tahun 2017 sejumlah 3.341. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 348 yang diambil menggunakan tehnik random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden yang berhubungan seksual pertama pada umur kurang dari 17 tahun cukup besar yaitu 141 ( 40,5%). Tidak ada hubungan antara usia pertama kali berhubungan seksual dengan hasil IVA positif  ( p value : 0,429). Wanita yang melakukan hubungan seksual pertama kurang dari 17 tahun maupun lebih memiliki resiko yang sama terjadinya kanker serviks.  Keyword : usia, IVA, kanker serviks.
Low strain integrity tests in piles – 1-D and 3-D numerical modeling and comparisons with results obtained in the field
Authors: Pasqual Rodrigo Paulo Strano , Kormann Alessander Christopher Morales
Published: January 2020

The risks associated with integrity problems in piles led to the inclusion of this matter in international standards. One of the tests available to evaluate piles integrity is known as low strain integrity test. Low costs, simple and fast execution and no waste generation are some of the main advantages of this test. However, between others, soil and reinforcement of the pile may affect the results and cause some difficulty to interpret them. In this paper two numerical models based on Finite Elements Method are presented: 1-D and 3-D. The results obtained in the numerical simulations of the tests are compared with those obtained in the field with focus in two main aspects: the signals attenuation effects and the reflections in the transition between the reinforced part of the pile and the part in simple concrete.
Experiencia vivencial de escolares en laboratorios especializados universitarios y su influencia en las preferencias de carreras profesionales
Authors: Fernández Bedoya Víctor Hugo , Paredes Díaz Susana Edita , Suyo Vega Josefina Amanda , Meneses La Riva Mónica Elisa
Published: January 2020

Los escolares se sienten frecuentemente presionados por decidir sobre su futuro profesional a corta edad con la finalidad de insertarse en el mundo laboral cuanto antes, no realizando una correcta elección por la amplia variedad de carreras disponibles en el mercado; así la Universidad César Vallejo dentro del programa de Semilleros de Investigación Escolar ofrece el “paseo por la ciencia”, en la cual los escolares de entre los 14 y 16 años tienen experiencias vivenciales en laboratorios especializados. Es en este contexto que se tuvo como objetivo determinar si ésta experiencia influye en la preferencia de la carrera profesional; la muestra estuvo compuesta por 81 escolares de colegios de los distritos de Los Olivos, San Juan de Lurigancho y Ate; los resultados demostraron que la experiencia vivenciada en los laboratorios especializados universitarios dentro del “paseo por la ciencia” influyó en las preferencias de los escolares hacia las carreras profesionales como Derecho (+100,00%), Enfermería (+100,00%), Ingeniería Ambiental (+50,00), Ingeniería Industrial (+20,00%), Psicología (+36,36%) y Turismo y Hotelería (+71,43%), cuyos laboratorios especializados fueron parte de este recorrido; concluyéndose que los escolares lograron desarrollar afinidad por las carreras relacionadas a los laboratorios especializados que visitaron.
Biostimulant Seed Coating Treatments to Improve Cover Crop Germination and Seedling Growth
Authors: Qiu Yi , Amirkhani Masoume , Mayton Hilary , Chen Zhi , Taylor Alan G.
Published: January 2020

Biostimulant seed coating formulations were investigated in laboratory experiments for their potential to increase maximum germination, germination rate, germination uniformity, and seedling growth of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seeds. Red clover and perennial ryegrass seeds were coated with different combinations of soy flour, diatomaceous earth, micronized vermicompost, and concentrated vermicompost extract. Coated and non-coated seeds of red clover and perennial ryegrass were evaluated for germination and growth after 7 and 10 days, respectively. Red clover seed was maintained at a constant 20 °C with a 16/8 h photoperiod, whereas for perennial ryegrass seed, the germinator was maintained at 15/25 °C, with the same photoperiod as red clover. Coated treatments significantly improved germination rate and uniformity with no reduction in total germination, compared to the non-treated controls in red clover. In contrast, for perennial ryegrass, the total germination percentage of all coated seeds was reduced and displayed a delayed germination rate, compared with the non-treated controls. Shoot length, seedling vigor index, and dry weight of seedlings of coated seed treatments of both crops were significantly higher when compared to controls for both species. In addition to growth metrics, specific surface mechanical properties related to seed coating quality of seeds of both species were evaluated. Increasing the proportion of soy flour as a seed treatment binder in the coating blend increased the integrity and compressive strength of coated seeds, and the time for coatings to disintegrate. These data show that seed coating technologies incorporating nutritional materials and biostimulants can enhance seedling growth and have the potential to facilitate the establishment of cover crops in agriculture and land reclamation.
Size Variability in Seed Lot Impact Seed Nutritional Balance, Seedling Vigor, Microbial Composition and Plant Performance of Common Corn Hybrids
Authors: Kandasamy Saveetha , Weerasuriya Nimalka , Gritsiouk Daniella , Patterson Greg , Saldias Soledad , Ali Shimaila , Lazarovits George
Published: January 2020

Soils with highly uniform textural, physical, and chemical characteristics still give rise to crop stand variability. Seed quality is one of the factors adding to yield variability and has become a concern for corn growers. Hybrid seed producers claim that their seeds provide a uniformity in crop emergence and productivity, but they do not always provide detailed studies to support this claim. Based on growers’ concerns, we examined fields planted with three different hybrid varieties and found that 25% to 50% of the stand had relatively weak vigor, where seed variety A showed 15% of seedlings with lower vigor, and varieties B and C had 30% of seedlings with low vigor. These apparent differences in plant vigor prompted us to initiate a cursory investigation to identify how seed size influenced seedling vigor and if the seedling’s microbial profile played a role in the early growth stages of three commonly grown corn hybrids in Ontario. Seeds were separated based on size, prior to conducting a growth room study. Different sizes of seeds from the same seed lot showed significant differences in vigor capacity and related biometric components. Significant differences were also found in their nutritional composition and microbial profiles within the different seed sizes and the roots and shoots of seedlings derived from such seeds. The results clearly indicate that seed size greatly impacts the plant growth and its microbiome, resulting in seedlings with different plant vigor, microbiomes, and performance.
A Comparative Study of Rotation Patterns on Soil Organic Carbon in China’s Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Authors: Wei Chen , Adamowski Jan F. , Liu Yujia , Zhang Yongkai , Liu Chunfang , Zhou Junju , Wang Xueyan , Zhang Xiaofang , Cao Jianjun
Published: January 2020

The practice of crop rotation can significantly impact carbon sequestration potential. In exploring whether crop rotation has the potential to improve soil carbon sequestration in China’s Loess Plateau, soil organic carbon (SOC), soil water content (SWC), soil bulk density (SBD), and soil pH were compared across the 0–1.0 m soil profile, under four crop rotation patterns: lentil–wheat–maize, wheat–potato–lentil, wheat–maize–potato, and wheat–flax–pea. The lentil–wheat–maize and wheat–maize–potato rotations have been practiced over the past 20 years, while the wheat–potato–lentil and wheat–flax–pea rotations were established in 1978 (~40 year rotations). The results showed that under the 20-year lentil–wheat–maize rotation, SOC was not significantly different to that of the wheat–maize–potato rotation, at 6.81 g kg−1 and 6.91 g kg−1, respectively. However, under the lentil–wheat–maize rotation, SWC (9.81%) and SBD (1.19 Mg m−3) were significantly higher, but soil pH (8.42) was significantly lower than the same metrics under wheat–maize–potato rotation (8.43% and 1.16 Mg m−3, and 8.50, respectively). For the 40-year rotations, SWC (9.19%) and soil pH (8.41) under the wheat–potato–lentil were not significantly different to that of the wheat–flax–pea (8.87%, and 8.40, respectively). SOC (6.06 g kg−1) was significantly lower, but SBD (1.18 Mg m−3) was significantly higher under the wheat–potato–lentil than the wheat–flax–pea (7.29 g kg−1, and 1.15 Mg m−3, respectively) rotations. Soil carbon sequestration for the lentil–wheat–maize and wheat–potato–lentil rotations was co-influenced by SWC, SBD, and soil pH, while for wheat–maize–potato and wheat–flax–pea rotations, it was co-influenced by SWC and soil pH. The economic value of the four studied crops is, in order: potato > maize > wheat > flax. The results of the present study suggest that the lentil–wheat–maize and maize–flax–pea rotations are the most suitable patterns to optimize simultaneous economic and ecological development of the study area.
Insights on the Effects of Resveratrol and Some of Its Derivatives in Cancer and Autoimmunity: A Molecule with a Dual Activity
Authors: Gianchecchi Elena , Fierabracci Alessandra
Published: January 2020

In recent years, the interest in natural compounds exerting immunoregulatory effects has enormously increased. Among these, the polyphenol resveratrol, found in a variety of foods and beverages, including red grapes and red wine, has been demonstrated to exert both in vitro and in vivo biological activities. More specifically, it has antiaging, cardioprotective, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive activities. Due to its anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and immunoregulatory effects, resveratrol has gained substantial attention for the treatment of cancer or autoimmunity, which represent frequently diagnosed diseases with important consequences for the health of the patients affected. The aim of the present review is to focus on the role of resveratrol in the modulation of cancer as well as of several organ-specific or systemic autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis.
Evaluating State-of-the-Art LEED-NCv4 in the U.S.
Authors: Pushkar Svetlana
Published: January 2020

To date, no empirical evidence has been published on the certification achievements of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for New Construction (LEED-NCv4) projects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the trends in LEED-NCv4 Certified, Silver, Gold, and Platinum projects in the U.S. Boxplots were used to measure the consistency of achievement points in categories; Cliff’s δ was used to measure the effect size between possible points and achieved points in categories and credits. The findings show that (1) the categories Sustainable Sites and Energy and Atmosphere were well designed, with consistency increasing from level to level and almost all their credits achieving low–very high points; (2) the categories Water Efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality showed an average design, and certification levels were found to be inconsistent across the projects and only approximately half of the credits achieved medium or high points, whereas the other half achieved low points; and (3) the categories Location and Transportation and Materials and Resources were the worst designed, with four certification levels found to be inconsistent across the projects and most of the credits achieved low points.
Towards Next Generation Technical Documentation in Augmented Reality Using a Context-Aware Information Manager
Authors: Gattullo Michele , Evangelista Alessandro , Manghisi Vito M. , Uva Antonio E. , Fiorentino Michele , Boccaccio Antonio , Ruta Michele , Gabbard Joseph L.
Published: January 2020

Technical documentation is evolving from static contents presented on paper or via digital publishing to real-time on-demand contents displayed via virtual and augmented reality (AR) devices. However, how best to provide personalized and context-relevant presentation of technical information is still an open field of research. In particular, the systems described in the literature can manage a limited number of modalities to convey technical information, and do not consider the ‘people’ factor. Then, in this work, we present a Context-Aware Technical Information Management (CATIM) system, that dynamically manages (1) what information as well as (2) how information is presented in an augmented reality interface. The system was successfully implemented, and we made a first evaluation in the real industrial scenario of the maintenance of a hydraulic valve. We also measured the time performance of the system, and results revealed that CATIM performs fast enough to support interactive AR.
Probing the Structure of [NiFeSe] Hydrogenase with QM/MM Computations
Authors: Moubarak Samah , Elghobashi-Meinhardt N. , Tombolelli Daria , Mroginski Maria Andrea
Published: January 2020

The geometry and vibrational behavior of selenocysteine [NiFeSe] hydrogenase isolated from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough have been investigated using a hybrid quantum mechanical (QM)/ molecular mechanical (MM) approach. Structural models have been built based on the three conformers identified in the recent crystal structure resolved at 1.3 Å from X-ray crystallography. In the models, a diamagnetic Ni2+ atom was modeled in combination with both Fe2+ and Fe3+ to investigate the effect of iron oxidation on geometry and vibrational frequency of the nonproteic ligands, CO and CN-, coordinated to the Fe atom. Overall, the QM/MM optimized geometries are in good agreement with the experimentally resolved geometries. Analysis of computed vibrational frequencies, in comparison with experimental Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) frequencies, suggests that a mixture of conformers as well as Fe2+ and Fe3+ oxidation states may be responsible for the acquired vibrational spectra.
Filter Media-Packed Bed Reactor Fortification with Biochar to Enhance Wastewater Quality
Authors: Kholoma Ezekiel , Renman Agnieszka , Renman Gunno
Published: January 2020

Contamination of water sources by inappropriately disposed poorly treated wastewater from countryside establishments is a worldwide challenge. This study tested the effectiveness of retrofitting sand (Sa)- and gas–concrete (GC)-packed reactors with biochar (C) in removing turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), phosphate (PO43−), and total phosphorus (Ptot) from wastewater. The down-flow reactors were each intermittently loaded with 0.063 L/d for 399 days. In general, all reactors achieved <3 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) effluent turbidity (99% efficiency). GC reactors dominated in inlet PO43− (6.1 mg/L) and DOC (25.3 mg/L) reduction, trapping >95% and >60%, respectively. Compared to Sa (PO43−: 35%, DOC: 52%), the fortified sand (SaC) filter attenuated more PO43− (>42%) and DOC (>58%). Student t-tests revealed that C significantly improved the Sa PO43− (p = 0.022) and DOC (p = 0.034) removal efficacy. From regression analysis, 53%, 81%, and 85% PO43− sorption variation in Sa, C, and SaC, respectively, were explained by variation in their effluent pH measures. Similarly, a strong linear correlation occurred between PO43− sorption efficiency and pH of fortified (r > 0.7) and reference (r = 0.6) GC filters thus suggesting chemisorption mechanisms. Therefore, whereby only sand may be available for treating septic tank effluents, fortifying it with biochar may be a possible measure to improve its efficacy.
Double Slit with an Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen Pair
Authors: Peled Bar Y. , Te’eni Amit , Georgiev Danko , Cohen Eliahu , Carmi Avishy
Published: January 2020

In this somewhat pedagogical paper we revisit complementarity relations in bipartite quantum systems. Focusing on continuous-variable systems, we examine the influential class of EPR-like states through a generalization to Gaussian states and present some new quantitative relations between entanglement and local interference within symmetric and asymmetric double-double-slit scenarios. This approach is then related to ancilla-based quantum measurements, and weak measurements in particular. Finally, we tie up the notions of distinguishability, predictability, coherence and visibility while drawing some specific connections between them.
Easy Processing of Metal–Organic Frameworks into Pellets and Membranes
Authors: Figueira Flávio , Mendes Ricardo F. , Domingues Eddy M. , Barbosa Paula , Figueiredo Filipe , Paz Filipe A. A. , Rocha João
Published: January 2020

Herein, we present a simple and inexpensive method for the immobilization of Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) particles in the form of pellets and membranes. This processing procedure is possible using polymethacrylate polymer (PMMA) as a binding or coating agent, improving stability and significantly increasing the water repellency. HKUST and MMOF-74 (M = Mg2+, Zn2+, Co2+ or Ni2+) are stable with the processing and high loadings of MOF materials into the processed pellet or membranes. These methods can provide the know-how for the immobilization of MOFs for, for example, application in air purification and the removal of toxic compounds and are well-suited for deployment in air purification devices.