bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved method of estimating temperatures at meteor peak heights
Authors: Sarkar Emranul , Kozlovsky Alexander , Ulich Thomas , Virtanen Ilkka , Lester Mark , Kaifler Bernd
Published: June 2021

Abstract. For 2 decades, meteor radars have been routinely used to monitor atmospheric temperature around 90 km altitude. A common method, based on a temperature gradient model, is to use the height dependence of meteor decay time to obtain a height-averaged temperature in the peak meteor region. Traditionally this is done by fitting a linear regression model in the scattered plot of log⁡10(1/τ) and height, where τ is the half-amplitude decay time of the received signal. However, this method was found to be consistently biasing the slope estimate. The consequence of such a bias is that it produces a systematic offset in the estimated temperature, thus requiring calibration with other co-located measurements. The main reason for such a biasing effect is thought to be due to the failure of the classical regression model to take into account the measurement error in τ and the observed height. This is further complicated by the presence of various geophysical effects in the data, as well as observational limitation in the measuring instruments. To incorporate various error terms in the statistical model, an appropriate regression analysis for these data is the errors-in-variables model. An initial estimate of the slope parameter is obtained by assuming symmetric error variances in normalised height and log⁡10(1/τ). This solution is found to be a good prior estimate for the core of this bivariate distribution. Further improvement is achieved by defining density contours of this bivariate distribution and restricting the data selection process within higher contour levels. With this solution, meteor radar temperatures can be obtained independently without needing any external calibration procedure. When compared with co-located lidar measurements, the systematic offset in the estimated temperature is shown to have reduced to 5 % or better on average.
Quality assessment of Dobson spectrophotometers for ozone column measurements before and after automation at Arosa and Davos
Authors: Stübi René , Schill Herbert , Maillard Barras Eliane , Klausen Jörg , Haefele Alexander
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The longest ozone column measurement series are based on the Dobson sun spectrophotometers developed in the 1920s by Gordon B. W. Dobson. These instruments still constitute an important part of the World Meteorological Organization's global network due to their optical qualities and ruggedness. The primary drawback of this instrument is the effort needed for its manual operation. In industrialized and some less developed countries, most stations have made the choice to replace the Dobson by the automated Brewer sun spectrophotometers, but some are still relying on the Dobson instrument. One of them is the Arosa station where both instrument types are run in parallel. Here, an automated version of the Dobson instrument was developed and implemented recently.
In the present paper, the results of the analysis of simultaneous measurements from pairs of Dobson instruments that were either collocated at Arosa or Davos or operated one at each location are presented for four distinct time periods:
1992–2012 – manual vs. manual operation of collocated Dobson instruments (MMC); 2012–2013 – manual vs. automated operation of collocated Dobson instruments (MAC); 2012–2019 – automated vs. automated operation of collocated Dobson instruments (AAC); 2016–2019 – automated vs. automated operation of distant Dobson instruments (AAD).
The direct comparison of two instruments using the standard operation procedure during the MMC period gives a metric necessary to validate the automated version of Dobson instruments. The direct comparison of two collocated instruments using the standard manual operation procedure reveals random differences of coincident observations with a standard deviation of ∼ 0.45 % and monthly mean differences between −1.0 % and +0.8 %. In most cases the observed biases are not statistically significant. The same analysis of two automated Dobson instruments yields significantly smaller standard deviation of ∼ 0.25 % and biases of between −0.7 % and 0.8 %. This demonstrates that the repeatability has improved with the automation, while the systematic differences are only marginally smaller. The analysis of the AAD period of coincident measurements from the distant sites Arosa and Davos reveals a small positive bias (not significant) compatible with the 250 m altitude difference. The description of the automated data acquisition and control of the Dobson instrument is presented in a separate paper (Stübi et al., 2020).
Development of an In Situ Dual-Channel Thermal Desorption Gas Chromatography Instrument for Consistent Quantification of Volatile, Intermediate Volatility and Semivolatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Wernis Rebecca A. , Kreisberg Nathan M. , Weber Robert J. , Liang Yutong , Jayne John , Hering Susanne , Goldstein Allen H.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Aerosols are a source of great uncertainty in radiative forcing predictions and have poorly understood health impacts. Most aerosol mass is formed in the atmosphere from reactive gas phase organic precursors, forming secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) (effective saturation concentration, C*, of 10−1–103 μg m−3) comprise a large fraction of organic aerosol, while intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) (C* of 103–106 μg m−3) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (C* ≥ 106 μg m−3) are gas phase precursors to SOA and ozone. The Comprehensive Thermal Desorption Aerosol Gas Chromatograph (cTAG) is the first single instrument simultaneously quantitative for a broad range of compound-specific VOCs, IVOCs and SVOCs. cTAG is a two-channel instrument which measures concentrations of C5–C16 alkane equivalent volatility VOCs and IVOCs on one channel and C14–C32 SVOCs on the other coupled to a single High Resolution Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer, achieving consistent quantification across 15 orders of magnitude of vapor pressure. cTAG obtains concentrations hourly and gas–particle partitioning for SVOCs bihourly, enabling observation of the evolution of these species through oxidation and partitioning into the particle phase. Online derivatization for the SVOC channel enables detection of more polar and oxidized species. In this work we present design details and data evaluating key parameters of instrument performance such as I/VOC collector design optimization, linearity and reproducibility of calibration curves obtained using a custom liquid evaporation system for I/VOCs and the effect of an ozone removal filter on instrument performance. Example timelines of precursors with secondary products are shown and analysis of a subset of compounds detectable by cTAG demonstrates some of the analytical possibilities with this instrument.
Reproducible determination of dissolved organic matter photosensitivity
Authors: Armstrong Alec W. , Powers Leanne , Gonsior Michael
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) connects aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystems, plays an important role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles, and
supports aquatic food webs. Understanding DOM chemical composition and
reactivity is key for predicting its ecological role, but characterization is difficult as natural DOM is comprised of a large but unknown number of
distinct molecules. Photochemistry is one of the environmental processes
responsible for changing the molecular composition of DOM, and DOM
composition also defines its susceptibility to photochemical alteration.
Reliably differentiating the photosensitivity of DOM from different sources
can improve our knowledge of how DOM composition is shaped by photochemical
alteration and aid research into photochemistry's role in various DOM
transformation processes. Here we describe an approach for measuring and
comparing DOM photosensitivity consistently, based on the kinetics of changes in DOM fluorescence during 20 h photodegradation experiments. We identify several methodological choices that affect photosensitivity measurements and offer guidelines for adopting our methods, including the use of reference material, precise control of conditions affecting photon dose, leveraging actinometry to estimate photon dose instead of expressing results as a function of exposure time, and frequent (every 20 min) fluorescence and absorbance measurements during exposure to artificial sunlight. We then show that our approach can generate photosensitivity metrics across several sources of DOM, including freshwater wetlands, a stream, an estuary, and Sargassum sp. leachate and observed differences in these metrics that may help identify or explain differences in their composition. Finally, we offer an example of applying our approach to compare DOM photosensitivity in two adjacent freshwater wetlands as seasonal hydrologic changes alter their DOM sources.
Radionuclide contamination in flood sediment deposits in the coastal rivers draining the main radioactive pollution plume of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan (2011–2020)
Authors: Evrard Olivier , Chartin Caroline , Laceby J. Patrick , Onda Yuichi , Wakiyama Yoshifumi , Nakao Atsushi , Cerdan Olivier , Lepage Hugo , Jaegler Hugo , Vandromme Rosalie , Lefèvre Irène , Bonté Philippe
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Artificial radionuclides including radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) and
radiosilver (110mAg) were released into the environment following the
Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011. These
particle-bound substances deposited on soils of north-eastern Japan, located
predominantly within a ∼3000 km2 radioactive fallout plume and
drained by several coastal rivers to the Pacific Ocean. The current dataset
(Evrard et al., 2021), which can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.928594,
compiles gamma-emitting artificial radionuclide activities measured in 782
sediment samples collected from 27 to 71 locations across catchments draining
∼6450 km2 during 16 fieldwork campaigns. These campaigns were conducted in Japan
between November 2011 and November 2020 in river catchments draining the main
radioactive plume. This database may be useful to evaluate and anticipate the
post-accidental redistribution of radionuclides in the environment and for the
spatial validation of models simulating the transfer of radiocesium across
continental landscapes.
Impact of correcting sub-daily climate model biases for hydrological studies
Authors: Faghih Mina , Brissette François , Sabeti Parham
Published: June 2021

Abstract. The study of climate change impact on water resources has accelerated worldwide over the past two decades. An important component of such studies is the bias correction step, which accounts for spatiotemporal biases present in climate model outputs over a reference period, and which allows realistic streamflow simulations using future climate scenarios. Most of the literature on bias correction focuses on daily scale climate model temporal resolution. However, a large amount of regional and global climate simulations are becoming increasingly available at the sub-daily time step, and even extend to the hourly scale, with convection-permitting models exploring sub-hourly time resolution. Recent studies have shown that the diurnal cycle of variables simulated by climate models is also biased, which raises issues respecting the necessity (or not) of correcting such biases prior to generating streamflows at the sub-daily time scale. This paper investigates the impact of bias-correcting the diurnal cycle of climate model outputs on the computation of streamflow over 133 small to large North American catchments. A standard hydrological modeling chain was set up using the temperature and precipitation outputs from a high spatial (12-km) and temporal (1-hour) regional climate model large ensemble (ClimEx-LE). Two bias-corrected time series were generated using a multivariate quantile mapping method, with and without correction of the diurnal cycles of temperature and precipitation. The impact of this correction was evaluated on three small (< 500 km2), medium and large (> 1000 km2) surface area catchment size classes. Results show small but systematic improvements of streamflow simulations when bias-correcting the diurnal cycle of precipitation and temperature. The greatest improvements were seen on the small catchments, and least noticeable on the largest. The diurnal cycle correction allowed for hydrological simulations to accurately represent the diurnal cycle of summer streamflow on small catchments. Bias-correcting the diurnal cycle of precipitation and temperature is therefore recommended when conducting impact studies at the sub-daily time scale on small catchments.
An approach for constraining mantle viscosities through assimilation of paleo sea level data into a glacial isostatic adjustment model
Authors: Schachtschneider Reyko , Saynisch-Wagner Jan , Klemann Volker , Bagge Meike , Thomas Maik
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Glacial isostatic adjustment is largely governed by rheological properties of the Earth's mantle. Large mass redistributions in the ocean-cryosphere system and the subsequent response of the visco-elastic Earth have led to dramatic sea level changes in the past. This process is ongoing and in order to understand and predict current and future sea level changes the knowledge of mantle properties such as viscosity is essential. In this study we present a method to obtain estimates of mantle viscosities by assimilation of relative sea level data into a visco-elastic model of the lithosphere and mantle. We set up a particle filter with probabilistic resampling. In an identical twin experiment we show that mantle viscosities can be recovered in a glacial isostatic adjustment model of a simple three layer earth structure consisting of an elastic lithosphere and two mantle layers of different viscosity. In two scenarios we investigate the dependence of the ensemblebehavior on the ensemble initialization and observation uncertainties and show that the recovery is successful if the target parameter values are properly sampled by the initial ensemble probability distribution. This even includes cases in which the target viscosity values are located far in the tail of the initial ensemble probability distribution. We then successfully apply the method to two special cases that are relevant for the assimilation of real observations: 1) using observations taken from a single region only, here Laurentide and Fennoscandia, respectively, and 2) using only observations from the last 10 kyrs.
Wind turbine load validation in wakes using wind field reconstruction techniques and nacelle lidar wind retrievals
Authors: Conti Davide , Pettas Vasilis , Dimitrov Nikolay , Peña Alfredo
Published: June 2021

Abstract. This study proposes two methodologies for improving the accuracy of wind
turbine load assessment under wake conditions by combining nacelle-mounted
lidar measurements with wake wind field reconstruction techniques. The first
approach consists of incorporating wind measurements of the wake flow field,
obtained from nacelle lidars, into random, homogeneous Gaussian turbulence
fields generated using the Mann spectral tensor model. The second approach
imposes wake deficit time series, which are derived by fitting a bivariate
Gaussian shape function to lidar observations of the wake field, on the Mann
turbulence fields. The two approaches are numerically evaluated using a
virtual lidar simulator, which scans the wake flow fields generated with the
dynamic wake meandering (DWM) model, i.e., the target fields. The
lidar-reconstructed wake fields are then input into aeroelastic simulations of
the DTU 10 MW wind turbine for carrying out the load validation
analysis. The power and load time series, predicted with lidar-reconstructed
fields, exhibit a high correlation with the corresponding target
simulations, thus reducing the statistical uncertainty
(realization-to-realization) inherent to engineering wake models such as the
DWM model. We quantify a reduction in power and loads' statistical uncertainty
by a factor of between 1.2 and 5, depending on the wind turbine component, when
using lidar-reconstructed fields compared to the DWM model results. Finally,
we show that the number of lidar-scanned points in the inflow and the size of
the lidar probe volume are critical aspects for the accuracy of the
reconstructed wake fields, power, and load predictions.
Die Anweisung als Grundfigur dreipersonaler Leistungserbringung nach österreichischem, deutschem und schweizerischem Recht
Authors: Steininger Barbara
Published: June 2021

Die Anweisung ist als Grundfigur der Leistungserbringung in dreipersonalen Verhältnissen anzusehen. Obwohl ihr im Wirtschaftsleben ein breiter praktischer Anwendungsbereich zukommt, bestehen in Bezug auf dieses theoretisch komplexe Rechtsinstitut beträchtliche Unklarheiten. Die vorliegende Monographie arbeitet das dogmatische Grundgerüst der Anweisung und ihre Wesensmerkmale heraus, wobei neben der Rechtslage in Österreich auch das Verständnis der Anweisung im deutschen und schweizerischen Recht untersucht wird. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der rechtsgeschäftlichen Ebene, die durch die Untersuchung sachenrechtlicher Fragen ergänzt wird. Auf dieser Basis wird ein geschlossenes System entwickelt, das nicht nur eine konsistente Lösung anfallender Einzelfragen ermöglicht, sondern auch als Voraussetzung einer möglichen künftigen Rechtsangleichung in diesem Bereich anzusehen ist.
FUNGSI BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDes) DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KONDISI KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (Studi di Desa Bahomotefe Kecamatan Bungku Timur Kabupaten Morowali)
Authors: Akfan Akfan , Juhaepa Juhaepa , Roslan Suharty
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Fungsi BUMDes Citra Abadi dalam upaya meningkatan kondisi kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Bahomotefe Kecamatan Bungku Timur Kabupaten Morowali. Metode penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu, observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian di lapangan menunjukan bahwa fungsi badan usaha milik desa (BUMDes) dalam upaya meningkatkan kondisi kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di Desa Bahomotefe Kecamatan Bungku Timur Kabupaten Morowali yaitu fungsi BUMDes dalam upaya meningkatan kondisi kehidupan masyarakat, BUMDes yang berada di desa Bahomotefe masih belum secara signifikan menjalankan fungsinya dalam upaya meningkatkan kondisi sosial. Namun fungsi BUMDes bagi pengembangan perekonomian masyarakat sudah bisa dikatakan memberi peningkatan. Adapun indikator Fungsi BUMDes dalam Upaya Meningkatan Kondisi kehidupan sosial ekonomi Masyarakat berupa: meningkatkan peranan masyarakat desa yaitu fungsi BUMDes dalam meningkatkan peranan masyarakat desa sudah memberikan pengaruh pada upaya peningkatan kondisi sosial yaitu pada interaksi sosial Sedangkan pada kondisi sosial pendidikan dan kesehatan belum memberikan fungsi yang khusus, menumbuhkembangkan kegitan ekonomi masyarakat yaitu fungsi BUMDes dalam menumbuhkembangkan kegiatan ekonomi masyarakat desa sudah memberikan pengaruh pada upaya peningkatan kondisi ekonomi yaitu pada pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga melalui Unit Usaha pasar Kampung/Desa dan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat serta pendapatan asli desa (PADes) yaitu fungsi BUMDes dalam meningkatkan sumber pendapatan masyarakat dan pendapatan Asli Desa (PADes) sudah memberikan pengaruh pada upaya peningkatan kondisi ekonomi yaitu pada pendapatan melalui Unit Usaha pasar Kampung/Desa dan Unit Usaha Peternakan yang di jalankan oleh BUMDes.
STRATEGI PENGUATAN FUNGSI BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA (BPD) DALAM PEMBANGUNAN (Studi di Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe)
Authors: Fitriana Nurul Rezky , Moita Sulsalman , Jabar Aryuni Salpiana
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengkaji fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pembangunan di Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe (2) untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis strategi penguatan fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD) dalam pembangunan di Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe, jenis penelitian ini adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan cara mengumpulkan data dengan pengamatan (Observasi), wawancara (Interview), dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperolehakan disajikan dalam bentuk penjelasan, uraian dan menggambarkan tentang strategi penguatan fungsi BPD di Desa Tapulaga Kecamatan Soropia Kabupaten Konawe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi fungsi Badan permusyawaratan desa telah berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya yaitu 1. Membahas dan Menyepakati Rancangan Peraturan Desa Bersama Kepala Desa, 2. Menampung dan Menyalurkan Aspirasi Masyarakat Desa. 3. Melakukan Pengawasan Kinerja Kepala Desa.  Dalam hal penguatan fungsi ini dilakukan dengan 4 cara yaitu 1. Sumber daya manusia anggota BPD yang baik 2. Kepemimpinan yang dapat mengkoordinir semua anggotanya 3.Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat yang cukup tinggi dalam mendukung kinerja BPD 4.Program kerja yang jelas dan terarah yang bersinergi dengan pemerintah desa.
Guideline for healthy daily drinking water consumption
Authors: Симоненко Елена Сергеевна , Симоненко Сергей Владимирович , Андреев Олег Валерьевич , Макарушин Алексей Аркадьевич
Published: June 2021

В настоящее время существуют различные рекомендации по количеству употребления жидкости (общей воды) человеком. Это количество должно соответствовать уровню общих потерь воды организмом, которые по совокупности литературных данных оцениваются приблизительно в 2,5 л для мужчин и 2,0 л для женщин при умеренной физической нагрузке и нормальной температуре окружающей среды. Однако отсутствуют общепринятые рекомендации или ориентиры по структуре потребления воды из различных пищевых источников, в частности по доле питьевой воды в структуре потребления как самостоятельного пищевого продукта. В качестве возможного решения этого вопроса предлагается понятие «ориентир здорового суточного потребления» (ОЗСП) питьевой воды - количество комфортно потребляемой питьевой воды при условии выполнения рекомендаций по здоровому питанию, касающихся структуры потребления напитков. ОЗСП питьевой воды оценивается как предел, к которому стремится доля в рекомендуемом суточном потребления общей воды, приходящаяся в структуре потребления напитков на бутилированную воду в развитых странах с максимальной продолжительностью жизни, с добавлением долей напитков, рекомендуемых к сокращению. По оценке авторов, эта величина может составлять от 25 % для детей и до 50 % для взрослых.

Currently, there are various recommendations for the amount of liquid consumption (total water) by a person. This amount should correspond to the level of total water loss by the body, which, according to the totality of the literature data, is estimated at approximately 2.5 liters for men and 2.0 liters for women with moderate physical activity and normal ambient temperature. However, there are no generally accepted recommendations or guidelines on the structure of water consumption from various food sources, in particular on the share of drinking water in the structure of consumption as an independent food product. As a possible solution to this issue, the concept of a «healthy daily consumption guideline» (DSP) of drinking water is proposed - the amount of comfortably consumed drinking water, provided that the recommendations on healthy nutrition regarding the structure of beverage consumption are implemented. The drinkable water CAP is estimated as the limit to which the proportion of the recommended daily intake of total water in the beverage consumption structure of bottled water in developed countries with the maximum life expectancy tends, with the addition of the proportion of beverages recommended for reduction. According to the authors, this value can range from 25 % for children to 50 % for adults.
Scientific approaches to ensuring the protectability of developments in the field of baby food
Authors: Симоненко Сергей Владимирович , Антипова Татьяна Алексеевна , Фелик Светлана Валерьевна , Симоненко Елена Сергеевна , Кудряшова Ольга Владимировна , Синько Татьяна Ильинична
Published: June 2021

Статья посвящена разработкам института, связанным с охраноспособностью исследований области детского и геродиетического питания. Результаты, подлежащие патентованию, связаны с основными видами научной деятельности: создание адаптированных продуктов для питания детей первого года жизни, создание продуктов для питания детей дошкольного и школьного возраста, продуктов для питания беременных и кормящих женщин, разработки в области продуктов геродиетического питания и биологически активных добавок. За последние 10 лет в области детского, геродиетического питания, а также питания беременных, кормящих, планирующих беременность женщин Научно-исследовательским институтом были запатентованы новые технологии в области детского питания, питания беременных и кормящих женщин, геродиетического питания, и приведено краткое их описание. Проведение патентных исследований свидетельствует об уровне технического развития коллектива и организации в целом, возможностях обеспечения научного успеха в условиях конкуренции. С расширением применения новых информационных технологий уровень патентных исследований возрастает и оказывает все большее влияние на конечные результаты научной деятельности в каждой конкретной области.

The article is devoted to the developments of the Institute related to the protection of research in the field of children's and herodietic nutrition. The results subject to patenting are related to the main types of scientific activity: the creation of adapted products for the nutrition of children of the first year of life; the creation of products for the nutrition of preschool and school-age children; products for the nutrition of pregnant and lactating women; developments in the field of herodietic nutrition products and dietary supplements. Over the past 10 years, the Research Institute has patented new technologies in the field of baby food, nutrition of pregnant and lactating women, and nutrition of pregnant and lactating women, and has provided a brief description of them. Patent research shows the level of technical development of the team and the organization as a whole, the possibilities of ensuring scientific success in a competitive environment. With the expansion of the use of new information technologies, the level of patent research increases and has an increasing impact on the final results of scientific activity in each specific field.
SMILE Definition Study Report
Authors: Branduardi-Raymont Graziella , al. et
Published: June 2021

The SMILE definition study report describes a novel self-standing mission dedicated to observing solar wind-magnetosphere coupling via simultaneous in situ solar wind/magnetosheath plasma and magnetic field measurements, X-Ray images of the magnetosheath and magnetic cusps, and UV images of global auroral distributions defining system-level consequences. The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) will complement all solar, solar wind and in situ magnetospheric observations, including both space- and ground-based observatories, to enable the first-ever observations of the full chain of events that drive the Sun-Earth connection.
Quantitative Spectrophotometric Estimation of Prednisolone in Tablet Dosage Form Using Eco-friendly Green Solvent and by applying Beer-Lambert’s Law Mathematical Equation Method
Authors: Tabassum Sana , M Ajitha
Published: June 2021

Prednisolone is a widely used synthetic glucocorticoid drug used in the treatment of allergies, inflammatory conditions, auto-immune disorders, acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis, eye inflammation, asthma and multiple sclerosis. A simple and economical method was developed using eco-friendly green solvent. In this developed method the eco-friendly green solvent used was ethanol which is available easily. The method was projected to quantitative estimation and assay of Prednisolone in Prednisolone dispersible tablet dosage form. The amount and percent label claim of Prednisolone in tablet dosage form was estimated using Beer-Lambert’s law. Specific absorbance (A1%1cm) of Prednisolone is 415 at lambda max of 243 nm. The method developed was validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method was found to be simple, accurate, sensitive, precise, linear and rugged. The method obeys Beer-Lambert’s Law in the concentration range of 2.5-20μg/mL, as the r2 value was found to be 1.000. The mean percent recovery was found to be within acceptable range as per ICH guidelines. Hence the developed method can be used in regular quantitative analysis. The developed method acquires only one green solvent, low cost analytical equipment and the percent label claim can be calculated in the assay of Prednisolone tablets without using any standards solution or standard graph by just employing specific absorbance value in Beer-Lambert’s law, thereby concentration of drug can be calculated. As this method is simple, economical and eco-friendly it can be used elegantly and routinely in analytical laboratories and industries for estimation of Prednisolone in tablet formulation.
Extraction of Phenolic Compounds of six Algerian date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Ain-Saleh region, using Reflux method and Screening of Antioxidant Activity in vitro
Authors: A. Habchi , M. Dekmouche , C. Hamia , M. Saidi , M. Yousfi , A. Bouguerra
Published: June 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds for six cultivars of date from In Saleh region (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which were extracted by reflux with solvents, 80% methanol and 70% aceton after the phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were measured using Folin–Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Antioxidant activity acetone/H2O and methanol/H2O extracts using ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, TAC and CUPRAC assays. The results showed that methanolic solvent reflux gives better yields. The highest level of phenolic compounds for all dates varieties was found in the 80% methanol extract. This level ranged from 8.04 ± 0.14 to 46.81 ± 1.22 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight and flavonoid content was observed relatively low for both two solvents. However, extraction into 70% acetone gave the highest antioxidant activity with all assay. These results showed that dates had strongly scavenging activity on DPPH reaching 3.12 µg/mL in methanol/H2O from Cul1 (6.9 µg/mL with ascorbic acid), also on ABTS reaching 6.51 µg/mL in acetone/H2O from Cul2 (104.98 µg/mL with ascorbic acid).
Aromatic Plants from “Plateau des Cataractes”: Kinetic modeling of the extraction of leaf essential oils from Curcuma mangga (Valeton and Zijp) acclimatized in Congo-Brazzaville
Authors: Silou Thomas , Bitemou Ernest , Bikindou Kevin , Loumouamoua Aubin Nestor , Chalard Pierre
Published: June 2021

Curcuma mangga Val. and Zijp is one of the many underutilized species of the genus Curcuma despite their proven interest as spice to color and enhance the taste of food, on the one hand, and as medicinal plants through essential oils extracted from different parts of the plant, on the other hand. Modeling the extraction in order to optimize the yield of essential oil is a pre requisite for the development of this species used as a spice in Congo-Brazzaville. The experimental results of the extraction of essential oil from the leaves analyzed, according to the phenomenological approach, validate both the kinetic model of the pseudo first order, when the washing step is neglected compared to the diffusion step and that of Peleg corresponding to a desorption in two steps (washing/diffusion). The main constituents of the oil adopt different desorption routes depending on their nature and their quantitative importance in the oil. Simple kinetics have been observed for sesquiterpenes present in relatively large amounts and complex for the monoterpenes in much smaller quantities.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONALANTARA MAHASISWA DAN DOSEN AKADEMI KEPERAWATAN DIRGAHAYU SAMARINDA
Authors: Teting Bernarda , Ermayani Made
Published: June 2021

merupakan dasar membentuk hubungan sosial antar individu. Terdapat limaaspek dalam komunikasi interpersonal, yaitu: 1) Keterbukaan (openness); 2) Empati (empathy); 3) Sikap mendukung (supportiveness); 4) Sikap Positif (positiveness); 5) Kesetaraan (equality). Metode penelitian deskriptif dengan subyek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Akademi Keperawatan Dirgahayu Samarinda tingkat 2 semester 3 yang berjumlah 101 mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dengan dosen Akademi Keperawatan Dirgahayu Samarinda.Karakteristik responden lebih banyak berusia 19 tahun (59,4%) dan sebagian besar berjenis kelamin perempuan (83,2%). Gambaran komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa pada aspek keterbukaan kategori baik (82,2%), pada aspek empati kategori baik (73,3%), pada aspek dukungan kategori sangat baik (53,5%), pada aspek sikap positif kategori baik (52,5%) dan pada aspek kesamaan kategori baik (73,3%). Gambaran komunikasi interpersonal mahasiswa dan dosen Akper Dirgahayu Samarinda adalah sebagian besar menunjukan memiliki komunikasi yang sangat baik yaitu 76,2%.
PENDIDIKAN, STATUS KERJA IBU TERHADAP FREKUENSI MELAKUKAN PIJAT BAYI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Sastrini Yovita Erin
Published: June 2021

Stimulasi pijat bayi menjadi salah satu upaya pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas dan terjangkau untuk membantu mengurangi angka kematian bayi. Pemijatan bayi adalah salah satu tugas domestik seorang ibu dalam rumah tangganya. Status pendidikan dan pekerjaan seorang ibu dapat menjadi faktor yang diperhitungkan dalam melakukan tugas domestiknya. Metode analisis data menggunakan teknik statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Uji signifikansi pengaruh tingkat pendidikan terhadap frekuensi pijat bayi dilakukan menggunakan teknik statistik analisis varians 1-jalur dan uji signifikansi pengaruh status kerja terhadap frekuensi pijat bayi dilakukan menggunakan teknik statistik t-student sampel saling bebas. Hasil: analisis varians memberikan hasil bahwa rata-rata frekuensi pijat bayi antara kelima kategori tingkat pendidikan tidak berbeda secara signifikan, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan ibu tidak berpengaruh terhadap frekuensi melakukan pijat bayi. Analisis assosiatif antara variabel status kerja dengan frekuensi pijat bayi ditemukan kenyataan bahwa keterlibatan ibu sebagai angkatan kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap frekuensi melakukan pijat bayi. Analisis statistik t-student sampel saling bebas untuk uji perbedaan rata-rata memberikan hasil bahwa ibu yang tidak bekerja lebih sering melakukan pijat bayi dibandingkan ibu yang bekerja dengan perbedaan 1.15 poin.  Kesimpulan: 1) terdapat perbedaan status pekerjaan ibu terhadap frekuensi melakukan pijat bayi, 2) tidak ada perbedaan antara pendidikan terhadap frekuensi ibu melakukan pijat bayi. Rekomendasi: Penyuluhan/pemberian informasi dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat luas hendaknya digalakkan tanpa memandang pendidikan ibu dengan melibatkan pihak swasta serta didukung oleh pemerintah.
LITERATURE REVIEW : PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL TENTANG MENARCHE TERHADAP KESIAPAN SISWI SD MENGHADAPI MENARCHE
Authors: Suryawantie Tanti , K. Dewi Budiarti  , Siti Rahmalia Nuraeni
Published: June 2021

Physical and mental readiness is needed before menarche because pre-puberty girl may feel anxiety and fear. Health education is one way that can be done because it will increase knowledge and information about menstruation so it will affect on good perceptions of menstruation and increase readiness in dealing with menarche. This research aimed to analyse the influence of health education by using audiovisual media on readiness to face menarche. This study uses the literature review method. The research was conducted by using Google Scholar and Proquest databases with keywords to find articles which are appropriate the inclusion and exclusion criteria to be reviewed. The results on reviewed articles, 3 articles prove that audiovisual education about menarche effective to increase readiness in dealing with menarche, 2 other articles prove that audiovisual media is more effective than the education without audiovisual media and leaflets. The conclusion based on 5 reviewed articles proves that audiovisual health education about menarche given to premenarche elementary student affect their readiness to face menarche because it can provide stimulus of sense for hearing and vision, so that the results obtained are more optimal. This review of the information on reproductive health can be used in the fields of education, approval, and community service regarding reproductive health in elementary school students.
PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN PADA REMAJA PAROKI KATEDRAL SAMARINDA TAHUN 2018
Authors: Natalia Elfina , Ping Maria Floriana , Cristianto Yessy , Jho Yulieta Lehyun
Published: June 2021

Dalam siklus kehidupan, masa remaja merupakan masa keemasan. Pada masa ini terjadi banyak perubahan dan masalah, yang jika tidak cepat di tangani akan menjadi masalah yang berkepanjangan dan berdampak serius. Tujuan program kemitraan ini adalah sebagai tindakan preventif dan promotif bagi para remaja yang berada di Lingkungan Keuskupan Agung Samarinda khususnya di Paroki Katedral. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah penyuluhan kesehatan langsung melalui pendekatan Didaktik dan Sokratik serta pemeriksaan kesehatan, yang dilakukan sebanyak enam kali dengan tema setiap penyuluhan berbeda sesuai dengan kebutuhan akan informasi mengenai kesehatan dari peserta. Hasil dari program kemitraan ini adalah membantu remaja memiliki informasi yang memadai tentang masalah kesehatan, sehingga direkomendasikan intervensi ini dapat diaplikasikan sebagai salah satu edukasi yang membantu remaja diparoki Katedral mampu mengambil keputusan terkait dengan kesehatannya yang tepat tanpa tekanan dan paksaan.
PELATIHAN KADER KESEHATAN MENGENAI PENGELOLAAN KESEHATANLANSIA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN LANSIA
Authors: Dwi Astutik Nanik
Published: June 2021

The increasing number of elderly in quantity must get a great attention so that the elderly can pass through their old age successfully, and be able to maintain their health in the midst of the covid 19 pandemic.Tajinan Health Center already has an integrated service program (posyandu) for the elderly that is routinely held every month. However, the activity was temporarily suspended due to constraints on not being allowed to leave the house during Covid 19. Elderly people are among the vulnerable to contracting corona virus because at that age there is a decrease in hormone production and function of the body's organs. Even seniors who already have chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer are more susceptible to contracting due to declining immunity. According to a report issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), the highest death rate due to COVID-19 is the elderly over the age of 80. During the covid 19 period, cadres cannot accompany the elderly directly even though the elderly need to be given knowledge and assistance to be ready to face COVID 19. Elderly people are difficult to digest some of the appeals given by the government related to efforts to keep themselves from being exposed to the COVID-19 virus. The presence of cognitive impairment can make it difficult for the elderly to understand the reasons behind various precautions, such as why they should not leave the house, why they should wear masks, and so on. Therefore, the approach and way of communicating with the elderly needs a little adjustment. Based on the potential of elderly posyandu cadres and the assessment results that have been described, it is necessary to provide knowledge and understanding on elderly health management to improve the understanding of health cadres as an effort to improve the health of the elderly during the covid 19 pandemic.
Pomoc psychologiczno-pedagogiczna jako wsparcie potencjału rozwojowego dziecka
Authors: Inglot-Kulas Joanna
Published: June 2021

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę zagadnień dotyczących organizacji pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej w placówce oświatowej. Przedstawiono w nim podstawowe założenia rozporządzenia w sprawie pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej dla ucznia, zasady organizacji pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej w szkole ogólnodostępnej, rolę dyrektora oraz wychowawcy i nauczycieli w tym zakresie, a także formy pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej. Istotę działań pomocowych stanowi właściwa i wieloaspektowa diagnoza dziecka, rozpoznanie jego indywidualnych potrzeb rozwojowych i edukacyjnych, możliwości psychofizycznych i czynników środowiskowych warunkujących jego funkcjonowanie, a także zaspokajanie potrzeb dziecka.
Sposoby pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej dzieciom z zaburzeniami zachowania i emocji
Authors: Czuba Barbara , Król Katarzyna
Published: June 2021

Artykuł dotyczy problematyki zaburzeń zachowania i emocji u dzieci i młodzieży oraz pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej udzielanej w szkole w świetle aktualnych przepisów prawa. Zaburzenia zachowania i emocji mogą prowadzić do niedostosowania społecznego, dlatego tak ważne jest rozpoznawanie trudności i deficytów u dzieci i młodzieży, a potem adekwatne działania nauczycieli oraz specjalistów poprzez zastosowanie odpowiednich form pomocy psychologiczno-pedagogicznej.
An Exploratory Study of Perceptions of Hotel Working Conditions on the Promotion Decision
Authors: Blayney Candace , Blotnicky Karen , Alumni Sarita Singh,
Published: June 2021

This exploratory paper focuses on identifying the working conditions that may impact an employee’s decision to apply for a promotion in the pursuit of a management position in the hotel industry in Canada and possibly moving up to that of executive position of hotel general manager. A survey sent to a sample of hotel employees in a mid-sized Atlantic Canada city addressed 21 working conditions that may impact employees when considering applying for a promotion. Findings include the working condition with the greatest impact was “having the empowerment to make changes”. The one with the least impact was “having to work overtime”. These findings would assist management to understand the factors that may motivate employees to pursue job promotions and fill the current talent gap. Significant differences were noted for the impact of some of the working conditions on the promotion decision based on age, gender, education, marital status, and level of position within the firm.
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation of the Saphenous and Superior Lateral Genicular Nerves for Chronic Pain After Knee Surgery
Authors: Chitneni Ahish , Berger Amnon A. , Orhurhu Vwaire , Kaye Alan D. , Hasoon Jamal
Published: June 2021

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most commonly conducted surgeries in the United States. Typically, TKA is conducted to relieve pain from patients with long-standing osteoarthritis. Postoperative knee pain is a common issue after TKA. For some patients, postoperative knee pain exceeds the normal 3–6-month phase and becomes chronic. Pain is typically managed with the use of medications and physical therapy. In this case, we describe the use of peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the saphenous and superior lateral genicular nerves for a patient experiencing chronic postoperative knee pain utilizing SPRINT PNS technology.
The Convergence of Ishikawa Iteration for Generalized Φ-contractive Mappings
Authors: Lİ Linxin , WU Dingping
Published: June 2021

Charles[1] proved the convergence of Picard-type iterative for generalized Φ− accretive non-self maps in a real uniformly smooth Banach space. Based on the theorems of the zeros of strongly Φ− quasi- accretive and fixed points of strongly Φ− hemi-contractions, we extend the results to Ishikawa iterative and Ishikawa iteration process with er- rors for generalized Φ− hemi-contractive maps .
FORMATION INITIAL AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS PROBLEM SOLVING EMERGENCY PREVENTION OF NATURAL ORIGIN, CAUSED BY HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA IN CERTAIN REGIONS OF THE HIGHLANDS
Authors: Gudak Roman
Published: June 2021

Roman Gudak, Serghii Iline, Alexandr Soshinskiy
FORMATION INITIAL AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS PROBLEM SOLVING EMERGENCY PREVENTION OF NATURAL ORIGIN, CAUSED BY HYDROLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA IN CERTAIN REGIONS OF THE HIGHLANDS
Based on a comprehensive analysis of natural and climatic features of the Carpathian region of Ukraine, the initial and boundary conditions for solving the problem of prevention of natural emergencies caused by hydrological and meteorological phenomena in a particular region of the mountain area through the use of rescue helicopters. It is determined that the main feature of the soils of the Carpathian Mountains is their relative looseness and water saturation. With the appearance of additional volumes of aquatic environment, which under the influence of gravity, create significant hydraulic gradients that lead to landslides, mudslides, landslides and races of rivers and streams. Emergencies of a natural nature, which are caused by hydrological and meteorological phenomena, in the mountains have five characteristics. This is the inevitability and sudden onset of a catastrophic event, which can cover a long area, accompanied by great destruction and changes in terrain. Features of emergency management in a particular region of mountainous areas include detailed study of the area and monitoring of local information, geo-information modeling of disasters and early preparation of action plans, constant training of rescuers and preparation for the use of new rescue tools - helicopters. As a result, they form a system of initial and boundary conditions for solving the problem of natural disaster prevention in a particular region of the mountain area, namely: initial conditions for solving the problem - a set of conditions that ensure the fulfillment of orders for delivery to the disaster area and evacuation; boundary conditions - are determined by the maximum load of helicopters, weather conditions, flight time and length of routes, the structure of the graph of the flight task plan and the condition of mandatory return of helicopters to base points.
Key words: emergency, mountainous region, helicopter, warning task, initial and boundary conditions