bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Новые горизонты в исследовании эвенского языка
Authors: Гренобль Л.
Published: January 2025

Вариационная социолингвистика является доминирующей парадигмой в социолингвистических исследованиях, однако ее потенциал в полной мере еще не реализован в изучении языков Российской Федерации. В работе представлен обзор вариационной теории и ее роль для получения более эффективных результатов в изучении языков коренных малочисленных народов, в данном случае эвенского языка. Рассматриваются три волны вариационной теории и вопросы вариативности применительно к эвенскому языку, который распространен в основном в Республике Саха (Якутия). В работе определяются потенциальные вопросы и области исследования, которые могут быть использованы и при изучении других языков. Подчеркивается наличие определенных методологических проблем, связанных с количественным изучением вариативности для языка с небольшой популяцией носителей, и их решение обещает продвинуть как методологические знания о том, как изучать языки национальных меньшинств, так и теоретические знания о роли социальной индексальности в миноритарных сообществах.

Variational sociolinguistics is a dominant paradigm in sociolinguistic research, but its full potential for the study of the languages of the Russian Federation has yet to be realized. This article provides an overview of variation theory and its role in obtaining more effective results in the study of languages of indigenous minorities, in this case the Even language. Three waves of variation theory and issues of variation are considered in relation to the Even language, which is spoken mainly in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The paper identifies potential questions and areas of research that can be used in the study of other languages. It highlights the existence of certain methodological problems associated with the quantitative study of variation for a language with a small population of speakers, and their solution promises to advance both methodological knowledge on how to study minority languages and theoretical knowledge on the role of social indexicality in minority communities. There are multiple benefits to conducting variationist studies on minority languages in Russia, and specifically on Even. Such research would further our understanding of the sociolinguistics of such language communities, and would advance Variationist theory, which has been based on monolingual speakers of majority languages which, by their very nature, diff er significantly from minority speech communities.
Этимология эвенкийского и эвенского слов со значением ՙбогатырь՚
Authors: Певнов А.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье предлагается этимология эвенкийского слова со̄н'иӈ (hо̄н'иӈ, шо̄н'иӈ) ՙбогатырь՚ и эвенского со̄н'и ՙсмелый и сильный человек; богатырь՚. Первое слово состоит из трех компонентов: -ӈ, -н'и- и со̄-. Компонент -ӈ представляет собой десемантизированный показатель отчуждаемой принадлежности (в эвенском со̄н'и он отсутствует); при необходимости выразить это значение присоединяется его «работающий» показатель (например, в сымском диалекте: шо̄ниӈ-ӈи-тин ՙих богатырь / богатырь-ALIEN-POSS.3PL՚). Компонент -н'и- восходит к слову *н'ӣ (*н'и͜а ~ *н'а) ՙчеловек՚; рефлексами этого слова в эвенкийском языке являются, например, иланӣ ՙтрое, втроем՚, бун'ӣ ՙ1) смерть; 2) мертвый человек՚. Согласно «Сравнительному словарю тунгусо-маньчжурских языков» [ССТМЯ, 1977: 101], компонент со̄- эвенкийского слова со̄н'иӈ представлен в эвенкийском слове со̄ ՙсильный; очень՚. Думаю, что эвенкийское со̄, а также соответствующие слова в эвенском и негидальском языках восходят к заимствованию из неизвестного монгольского языка, ср. монгольское письменное toγa(n) ՙчисло; количество՚. Значение заимствованного слова изменялось следующим образом: ՙчисло, количество՚ > ՙбольшое количество, много (например, силы)՚ > ՙсильный՚. Что касается звука с вместо т (со̄, а не то̄), то аналогичное соответствие представлено в слове со значением ՙдымовое отверстие в чуме՚ (эвенкийское со̄на < *то̄на, ср. монгольское письменное toγunu ~ toγuna ՙрама отверстия в верхней части юрты; дымовое отверстие в верхней части юрты՚).

The author suggests an etymology of the Evenki word sō n'iŋ (hō n'iŋ, šō n'iŋ) ՙhero՚ and of the Even word sō n'i ՙbrave and strong man; hero՚. The former consists of 3 elements: -ŋ, -n'i-, and sō-. The element -ŋ lost its grammatical meaning (alienability); the Even word sō n'i lacks this element. If necessary, alienability in the Evenki word sō n'iŋ (hō n'iŋ, šō n'iŋ) is expressed by the actual suffi x (e. g. in the Sym dialect šō niŋ-ŋi-tin ՙtheir hero՚ / hero-ALIENPOSS.3PL). The element -n'i- goes back to the word *n'ī (*n'i͜a ~ *n'a) ՙman, human being՚; in Evenki, the refl exes of this word are ilanī ՙthree people՚, bun'ī ՙ1) death; 2) dead person՚ etc. According to the Comparative Dictionary of the Manchu-Tungus Languages [1977: 101] the element sō- of the Evenki word sō n'iŋ is represented in the Evenki word sō ՙstrong; very՚. In my view, this Evenki word and corresponding words in Even and Neghidal go back to a borrowing from an unknown Mongol language, cf. Written Mongol toγa(n) ՙnumber; quantity՚. The meaning of the borrowed word probably evolved this way: ՙnumber; quantity՚ > ՙlarge number, large amount (e. g. of strength)՚ > ՙstrong՚. As for s instead of t (sō, not tō), the analogical correspondence is represented in the word meaning ՙsmoke-hole of the traditional Evenki conical dwelling)՚ (Evenki sōna < *tōna, cf. Written Mongol toγunu ~ toγuna ՙthe frame of the opening in the top of a yurt; smoke-hole in the top of a yurt՚).
О дагурском личном имени Бакши
Authors: Жамсаранова Р.Г. , Алтаева В.И.
Published: January 2025

Впервые описывается проблема дагуроязычного субстрата в историческом антропонимиконе, извлеченном из ревизских описей хори-бурят за 1830‒1831 гг., на примере этимологии личного имени Бакши. Выявлена объективность антропомодели «мальчик; сын; новорожденный» при этимологизации личных имен с т.н. затемненной семантикой; личное имя Бакши было функционально значимым прежде всего в антропонимии хори-бурятских родов Хоринской степной думы как имя дагурского языкового отапеллятивного происхождения от бакш ʻребенокʼ. Фамилия типа Бакшеев или Бакшиев функционирует в современном именнике как русскоязычных насельников Восточного Забайкалья, так и в среде хори-бурят.

The article highlights the problem of the Dagur-lingua substrate in the historical onomasticon of Eastern Transbaikalia. The fact of the presence and functioning of the personal name Baksh(i) is described, not only in the revision censuses of the Khori-Buryats for 1830–1831, extracted from the funds of the State Archive of the TransBaikal Territory. Thus, archival documents introduced into scientific circulation in the form of audit censuses of the beginning of the 19th century allows us to believe about the Dagur component in the historical names of the autochthonous population of Eastern Transbaikalia - the Khori-Buryats. The experience of research work with the historical anthroponymy of the Khori-Buryats determined, firstly, the objectivity of the “boy” anthroponymy; “son”; “newborn” when etymologizing personal names with the so-called “darkened” semantics. Secondly, the presence of an anthroponymic substrate in the pre-Tibetan-Mongolian name book of the Khori-Buryats, due to the ethno-genesis of the Khori-Buryat clans was revealed. The personal name Baksh(i) was functionally significant, first of all, in the name books of the Khori-Buryat clans of the Khori Steppe Duma. We believe that the personal male name Baksh(i) is a name of Dagur linguistic origin. The name Baksh(i) is comparable to the appellative of the Dagur language baksh “child / son / baby”, and therefore we can assume the former presence of a Dagur-speaking ethnic component both among the Tungus of Gantimur and the Khori-Buryats.
Сюжеты мифа творения эвенков Китая
Authors: Варламова Ю.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье представлены результаты анализа фрагментов переводов опубликованных текстов мифов о сотворении мира для демонстрации специфики фольклорных традиций в мифологии китайских эвенков. В результате исследования автор приходит к выводу о том, что специфика мифологии эвенкийских групп, расселенных в северных и северо-восточных районах Китая, проявляется в единоличном образе творца, что отличается от мифологии российских эвенков, где творцами выступают два брата-антипода. Общность мифологических традиций эвенков России и Китая проявляется в исходных представлениях о строении мира, архаических сюжетах, мотивах и образах тунгусской мифологии.

The aim of the research is to describe the plots of the creation myth in the Evenk folklore of China. The mythology of the China’s Evenk reveals the similarities of the original Evenk ideas about the structure of the universe and the archaic plots, motifs and images of Tungus mythology. The scientific novelty of the research is to identify the specifics of the folklore traditions of the China’s Evenk through the introduction into the scientific discourse of translated texts of the mythological genre of Chinese Evenk folklore. The results of the research demonstrate that the specificity of the Evenk mythology is revealed in processes of the world creation, which belongs to the individual image of the creator, in contrast in the myth of the Russian Evenk there are two brothers-antipodes, the specificity is also in the images of the creator’s assistants. At the same time, there is a preservation of common ideas about the structure of the universe – the existence of three worlds, both among the Evenk of Russia and the Evenk of China.
БРИТАНСКИЙ ОРФЕЙ
Authors: ДЕМЧЕНКО А И.
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена творчеству выдающегося английского композитора Генри Пёрселла. Значимость его наследия, помимо своей самодостаточности, определяется тем, что оно отразило многие из художественных устремлений, свойственных эпохе Барокко, в том числе репрезентируя широкий диапазон присущих ей стилевых манер. Одна из важнейших констант, отличающих музыкальное искусство данной эпохи - сильнейшие образные контрасты, доводимые в ряде случаев до уровня антитез, что нашло у Пёрселла выражение по самым различным линиям: спиритуалистические веяния - чувственное начало, утончённо-аристократическое - фольклорно-низовое, проблемно-трагедийное - беззаботно-гедонистическое. При том, что композитор изредка откликался на характерное для эпохи Барокко тяготение к радикальным формам художественного выражения, доминанту его творчества определяло стремление к гармоничности, чему отвечали сдержанность и уравновешенность авторского высказывания, а также всемерно утверждаемые критерии разумности и меры.

The article is devoted to the work of the outstanding English composer Henry Purcell. The significance of his legacy, in addition to its self-sufficiency, is determined by the fact that it reflected many of the artistic aspirations characteristic of the Baroque era, including representing a wide range of stylistic manners inherent in it. One of the most important constants that distinguishes the musical art of this era is the strongest figurative contrasts, brought in some cases to the level of antitheses, which found expression in Purcell along a variety of lines: spiritualistic trends - sensual beginning, sophisticated aristocratic - folklore-grassroots, problematic-tragedy - carefree hedonistic. Despite the fact that the composer occasionally responded to the characteristic tendency of the Baroque era towards radical forms of artistic expression, the dominant of his work was determined by the desire for harmony, which was answered by the restraint and balance of the author's statement, as well as the fully approved criteria of reasonableness and measure.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬСКОГО АППАРАТА ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В КЛАССЕ БАРИТОНА УЧРЕЖДЕНИЙ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ
Authors: КОЗЛОВ М А.
Published: January 2025

В данной статье исследуется процесс формирования исполнительского аппарата обучающихся в классе баритона учреждений дополнительного образования детей. Рассматривается ряд компонентов исполнительского аппарата, создание и развитие которых осуществляется на начальном этапе обучения баритонистов.

This article examines the process of formation of the performing apparatus of students in the baritone class institutions of additional education for children. Under consideration a number of components of the performance apparatus, the creation and development of which carried out at the initial stage of training baritone players.
ВЫДАЮЩИЙСЯ ЛЕКТОР, МУЗЫКОВЕД, МУЗЫКАЛЬНО-ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬ. ПАМЯТИ Ж.Г. ДОЗОРЦЕВОЙ
Authors: БАТАГОВА Т Э.
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена талантливому отечественному музыковеду, лектору, музыкально-общественному деятелю Жане Григорьевне Дозорцевой (1935-2024). Музыковед, исследователь, лектор, педагог и наставник молодых лекторов-музыковедов, музыкально-общественный деятель Ж.Г. Дозорцева активно участвовала в развитии академической музыки, в пропаганде отечественной музыкальной культуры. Более 60 лет она работала лектором-музыковедом Московской государственной академической филармонии, была одной из лучших представительниц музыкально-просветительской деятельности. Лекции Ж.Г. Дозорцевой отличались авторской позицией, гуманитарной глубиной, яркой образностью. Авторские концертные филармонические абонементы музыковеда, в том числе «По странам и континентам» в Большом зале консерватории, «Музыка, Живопись, Жизнь», «С музыкой по всему свету» в Концертном зале имени Чайковского, пользовались неизменным спросом у публики. Оцениваются заслуги Ж.Г. Дозорцевой в изучении и пропаганде творчества советских, российских композиторов, в пропаганде отечественного музыкально-исполнительского искусства. Велика роль Ж.Г. Дозорцевой в деле музыкального просветительства, в художественно-эстетическом воспитании подрастающего поколения. Много лет музыковед была автором и ведущей концертов «Музыкальные вечера для юношества» и «Из залов музея изобразительных искусств им. Пушкина», транслировавшихся по Центральному телевидению и радио.

The article is devoted to the prominent Russian musicologist, lecturer, musical and public figure Zhana Grigoryevna Dozortseva (19352024). Musicologist, researcher, lecturer, teacher and mentor of young musicology lecturers, music and public figure Zh.G. Dozortseva actively participated in the development of academic music, in the promotion of Russian musical culture. For more than 60 years, she worked as a lecturer and musicologist at the Moscow State Academic Philharmonic, and was one of the best representatives of musical and educational activities. J.G. Dozortseva's lectures were distinguished by their author's position, humanitarian depth, and vivid imagery. The musicologist's original philharmonic concert subscriptions, including "By Countries and Continents" in the Great Hall of the Conservatory, "Music, Painting, Life", "With Music all over the World" in the Tchaikovsky Concert Hall, were in constant demand among the public. The merits of J.G...
Tailoring High Entropy Borides for Hydrogenation: The Influence of Crystal Morphology and the Exploration of Catalytic Pathways
Authors: Rosenberg Abraham , Lintz Daniel , Li Juncheng , Zhang Yiren , Doane Joseph , Bristol Miranda , Kolakji Alma , Wang Ting , Yeung Michael
Published: January 2025

The high entropy boride (HEB) Al0.2Nb0.2Pt0.2Ta0.2Ti0.2B2, with its unique crystal structure and high coordination (platinum coordinated to 12 borons), has been shown in our previous work to exhibit exceptional catalytic properties, especially in sulfur-rich environments, where traditional platinum catalysts would succumb to sulfur-poisoning. In this work, we investigate the mechanism of the HEB catalyst, first by comparing the synthesis by flux growth, as previously reported, to an arc melted preparation. It is evident that the aluminum flux growth synthesis encourages the growth of single crystals, with clear and defined crystal facets, whereas the arc melted sample results in poorly defined facets with non-uniform morphology. Here, we explore two potential mechanisms: hydrogen spillover effect (HSPE) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) by which the catalytic pathway is performed. Hydrogenation reactions were performed using WO3 and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl (TEMPO), which highlight the ability of the heterogeneous HEB catalyst to perform the hydrogenation through a suspended solid solution in addition to a dissolved solution. We propose that the HEB Al0.2Nb0.2Pt0.2Ta0.2Ti0.2B2 goes through a hybrid HAT/HSPE mechanism, where H2 bonds to the platinum atoms on the edges of the HEB, dissociate, then the radical hydrogen departs to the substrate.
Uni-axial densification of slurry-casted Li₆PS₅Cl tapes for solid-state pouch cells: The role of particle size distribution and densification pressure
Authors: Agrawal Meenal , Tran Quoc-Anh , Häusler Michael , Hörmann Johannes , Sadeqi-Moqadam Mohsen , Sellæg Ellingsen Ingeborg , Mehraj Ud Din Mir , Vullum Per Erik , Zettl Roman , Danner Timo , Latz Arnulf , Hennige Volker , Brunner Roland , Rettenwander Daniel
Published: January 2025

Solid-state batteries are transformative solutions for electric vehicles, offering superior energy density and safety. Sulfide-based electrolytes like Li₆PS₅Cl (LPSCl) combine high ionic conductivity and mechanical adaptability, but challenges remain in scaling up high-performance separator tapes due to particle size distribution (PSD) and processing constraints. This study investigates the uni-axial densification of slurry-casted LPSCl tapes, focusing on PSD refinement and compaction pressure. Wet milling has been identified to effectively reduce PSD to submicron levels while preserving structural integrity and near-pristine conductivity. A critical pressure threshold (~350 MPa) for tape-casted LPSCl slurries (2.5% hydrated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene)) was identified, where ionic conductivity peaks due to particle fusion and the formation of conductive networks. However, open porosity (~30%), particularly along the densification direction, and surface irregularities persist. These structural issues have significant implications for battery performance. For example, surface roughness and interfacial voids lead to localized current focusing, with current densities exceeding applied values by over 20 times. Percolating porosity accelerates dendritic failure modes, undermining stability and limiting cycling rates. This work underscores the need for optimized powder processing and densification techniques to enhance scalability and performance, advancing LPSCl-based separators for the practical adoption of solid-state batteries in electric vehicles and other high-energy applications.
Interplay Between Organic Solvent Geometry and Divalent Cation Dynamics in Divalent Metal Batteries
Authors: Pranti Nazifa Jahan , Faraezi Sharifa , Ohba Tomonori , Karatrantos Argyrios V. , Khan Md Sharif
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the interplay between organic solvent geometry and divalent cation dynamics in liquid electrolytes, emphasizing their relevance for energy storage systems. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the structural and transport properties of Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ were evaluated in cyclic (ethylene carbonate, EC; propylene carbonate, PC) and linear (ethyl methyl carbonate, EMC) solvents in the presence of TFSI⁻ anions across a range of temperatures. Results reveal that Mg²⁺ exhibits superior diffusion compared to Ca²⁺ due to its smaller ionic radius and weaker ion-pair interactions. Diffusion increases with temperature, following the solvent trend EC > EMC > PC. Coordination analysis showed compact solvation shells for both cations, with Ca²⁺ forming denser structures and demonstrating higher residence times compared to Mg²⁺. Solvent geometry significantly influenced solvation dynamics, with cyclic solvents enhancing ion coordination and linear solvents reducing solvation due to steric hindrance. These findings underscore the critical role of solvent structure and ion dynamics in optimizing divalent-ion battery performance, positioning Mg²⁺ as a promising candidate for sustainable energy storage solutions.
Body center tetragonal Pseudo-diamond C20: Crystal Chemistry and first principles Investigations
Authors: MATAR Samir
Published: January 2025

Extending the investigation of the graphite to diamond G2Dlike changes of carbon crystal systems implying 2D planar trigonal C(sp2)like paving to 3D tetrahedral sp3 to 3D trigonal to tetrahedral transformation, original body centered tetragonal BCT C20 allotrope with dia (diamond) topology was devised from crystal chemistry rationale and demonstrated to behave like diamond for all the physical properties. The investigations were based on crystal chemistry and first principles investigations within the Density Functional theory with comparisons to available experimental observations. Holistic assessment of the results let assign BCT C20 a pseudo-diamond label.
Chemical Research Odyssey: From High School Foundations to University Frontiers
Authors: Rossel Thibaud
Published: January 2025

Practicing research in high school is fundamental to training future university students, developing critical thinking skills, and understanding societal issues in a broader context. However, such training is rarely incorporated into upper secondary education. For the past 10 years, we have developed a research programme tailored for high school students, enabling them to build colorimetric sensors for analytes of societal importance using the simple strategy of indicator displacement assay (IDA). Our work has not only been published, including in international journals, but has also garnered awards and recognition at the fall meeting of the Swiss Chemical Society (SCS), benefiting both our students and among our students and the broader scientific community. We have presented our research findings annually at the SCS. Furthermore, we have extended our concept to universities, using the knowledge gained at high school level to initiate a PhD thesis with a student in the field of sensing. This demonstrates that, on a larger scale, this visionary program should be further developed in high schools and supported by institutions to promote excellence in science and chemistry. We therefore hope that this article will resonate with the scientific community.
The Plug-Lock-Lid Mechanism as Prerequisite for Rapid in vitro Maturation of [FeFe]-Hydrogenases
Authors: Jaenecke Jan , Bikbaev Konstantin , Bronold Julia , Yadav Shanika , Apfel Ulf , Birrell James , Span Ingrid , Plumeré Nicolas , Winkler Martin
Published: January 2025

Hydrogenases offer a sustainable alternative to noble metals for catalyzing H₂ oxidation and H₂ production. The heterodimeric [FeFe]-hydrogenase from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 7757 (DdHydAB) is most promising due to its exceptional catalytic activity and high-yield heterologous expression of its apo-form. Scalable production of the holo-form relies on in vitro maturation of the apo-enzyme using a chemically synthesized 2FeH cofactor mimic. However, the unusually slow in vitro maturation of DdHydAB raises mechanistic questions and limits its scalability. Through structural and sequence analysis, we identified the cause of this slow maturation and redesigned the enzyme via subunit fusion, inserting short peptide linkers near the active site. This modification facilitates the rearrangement of a critical locking element after cofactor uptake, increasing the maturation rate up to 72-fold without compromising catalytic performance. Our findings elucidate a key step in the “plug-lock-lid” mechanism underlying maturation and unlock the industrial applicability of DdHydAB.
Gastric cancer genomics study using reference human pangenomes
Authors: Jiao Du , Dong Xiaorui , Fan Shiyu , Liu Xinyi , Yu Yingyan , Wei Chaochun
Published: January 2025

A pangenome is the sum of the genetic information of all individuals in a species or a population. Genomics research has been gradually shifted to a paradigm using a pangenome as the reference. However, in disease genomics study, pangenome-based analysis is still in its infancy. In this study, we introduced a graph-based pangenome GGCPan from 185 patients with gastric cancer. We then systematically compared the cancer genomics study results using GGCPan, a linear pangenome GCPan, and the human reference genome as the reference. For small variant detection and microsatellite instability status identification, there is little difference in using three different genomes. Using GGCPan as the reference had a significant advantage in structural variant identification. A total of 24 candidate gastric cancer driver genes were detected using three different reference genomes, of which eight were common and five were detected only based on pangenomes. Our results showed that disease-specific pangenome as a reference is promising and a whole set of tools are still to be developed or improved for disease genomics study in the pangenome era.
nvestigation of nanostructured composite fibers based on Fe3O4
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Lesbayev Aidos , Akalim Doszhan , Yerezhep Darkhan
Published: January 2025

In modern fundamental and applied research, protective materials containing nanostructures are becoming increasingly popular, which leads to their widespread use in fields such as medicine, phar-maceuticals, electronics and many others. In this paper, a chemical condensation method is considered for the integration of magnetic nanoparticles with superparamagnetic properties into the structures of polymer fibers, opening up new horizons for the development of materials capable of protecting against electromagnetic radiation. Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were synthesized by chemical condensa-tion with an optimal ratio of two aqueous solutions of iron salts. Iron sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O), iron trichlo-ride (FeCl3·6H2O) and 25% aqueous ammonia solution (NH4OH·H2O) were used as initial reagents. The research focuses on the study of ultrathin composite fibers obtained from synthesized magnetite nanoparticles. A detailed analysis of the crystal structure, phase composition and physico-chemical properties of magnetic fillers will be carried out in the work. Imaging techniques such as scanning elec-tron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) will be used for this purpose. An analysis of the factors affecting the shielding properties of composite materials will also be carried out. The results obtained can significantly expand the range of applications of polymer fibers as protective materials in various high-tech industries.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КОЭФФИЦИЕНТА ДИФФФУЗИИ ПЛОТНОГО РАЗОГРЕТОГО БЕРИЛЛИЯ МЕТОДОМ ФУНКЦИОНАЛА ПЛОТНОСТИ
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Issanova Moldir , Nurgalam Turekul , Djienbekov Nasriddin
Published: January 2025

In this paper the transport properties of inertial confinement fusion non-isothermal dense deuteri-um-tritium plasmas were studied. Based on the effective interaction potentials between particles, the Coulomb logarithm for a two-temperature nonisothermal dense plasma was obtained. These potentials take into consideration long-range multi-particle screening effects and short-range quantum-mechanical effects in two-temperature plasmas. Diffusion, viscosity and thermalconductivity coefficients in such plasmas were studied using the Coulomb logarithm. The obtained results are in good agreement with the results of molecular dynamics with the density functional theory used to describe the electron com-ponent of the plasma and quantum molecular dynamics simulation at a value 1~Γ, and therefore the effective potential method can be used in this regime. The obtained data show that the transport prop-erties of dense plasma can be adequately expressed in terms of the Coulomb logarithm based on the effective potentials.
The nature of negativism in societal development from the perspective of general physical principles
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Solodovnik Andrey , Useinov Beibut , Markova Agnia , Seilbekova Gulmira
Published: January 2025

The nature of the emergence of various negative trends in societal development is examined, which, against the backdrop of scientific and technological achievements - products of human intellect -appear as an alien (introduced) attribute of human civilization. There is no explanation for the phenomenon of degradation in culture, education, ethics, economy, and politics derived from general methods in social and humanities sciences. In this context, the analysis justifies the need to consider immanent development trends within both individual elements of society and society as a whole, as verified by extensive practice of key scientific principles in physics. Based on the concept of society as a closed system, this study systematically examines the possible social consequences of the principle of minimum energy and Hamilton’s principle of least action in the social sphere. Considering views on the intellectual and spiritual state of society and individuals, as well as social action, it is shown that negative changes in society may be ontologically driven by the manifestation of these principles in the absence of any moderators of societal development. The most general and criterion-significant approach to analyzing the current and prospective state of society is the application of the concept of entropy and the second law of thermodynamics to almost all areas of human activity. The study explores the possibility of minimizing entropic trends in societal development, with the key factor in this transformation being the shift towards an open system. Based on the application of this method, conclusions are drawn regarding the comparative value of various socio-philosophical concepts
Development of a Solar-Powered Incubator for Poultry Eggs
Authors: Abutu Joseph , Umar Mainigi , Midala James Wamayi , Odeh Abdulkarim Muhammad , Haruna Garkuwa , Ike Christian , Lawal Sunday Albert
Published: January 2025

The development of solar-powered egg incubators holds promise for sustainable agriculture and poultry farming, particularly in areas with limited access to reliable electricity. Hence, in this work, locally sourced materials were used for the development of solar-powered incubator, with the aim of providing a sustainable and reliable alternative to traditional electricity-powered incubators. The design of the incubator was carried out using the different equations stipulated in literatures. Also, the performance of the incubator was investigated by determining the system temperature, relative humidity, percentage fertility and hatchability. The experimental results indicated that the total heat generated inside the incubator was 149,753.49 J, with contributions from air, eggs, water, and plywood. Also, there was consistent temperature and relative humidity readings throughout the incubation period with the temperature and relative humidity falling between 37.1-38.0°C and 50.6-56% respectively. The study also showed that the incubation process was conducted with diligence, leading to favorable outcomes (67% fertility and 75% hatchability) for embryo development and hatching success.
Gadające groby. "Zygmuntowska" Zbyluta Grzywacza
Authors: Cembrzyńska Patrycja
Published: January 2025

The paper seeks to explore the message of Stage II – Plank Bed (Sigismund Chapel), painted by Zbylut Grzywacz in 1982. shortly after his deliverance from the Wiśnicz Retreat. Ke scene depicted in the painting is interpreted as an allegory of the days of the Solidarity and presented in the context of painter’s interests in geology (he was an amateur stone collector). Ke paper emphasizes the affinities between the painting and Romantic tradition by showing how the visual elements of the scene are related to the literary theme of Dziady (pre-Christian All Souls ritual) and the cult of the royal graves of Wawel Hill.
Copper(I) tetrafluoroborate complexes with bis(2-pyridyl)-t-butylphosphine
Authors: Baranov A.Yu. , Bagryanskaya I.Yu. , Artem'ev A.V.
Published: January 2025

The reaction of bis(2-pyridyl)-t-butylphosphine (L) with [Cu(MeCN)4]BF4 in MeCN or CH2Cl2 results in the formation of dinuclear complexes [Cu2L2](BF4)2 (1) and [Cu2L2(MeCN)2](BF4)2 (2), respectively. In the both complexes, the ligands L act as P,N,N’-bridging ones, holding two Cu atoms in a head-to-tail manner. In the [Cu2L2]2+ cations of 1, the Cu···Cu contact of 2.756 Å is observed, while the similar distances in two independent cations of 2 are 3.145–3.257 Å.
Transdiscursivity of Chinese Folklore
Authors: Nemkina N. I.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the concept of transdiscursivity as a result of the interaction between the discourses of traditional folklore and mass culture. Folklore, viewed through transdiscursive lens, can be described using the terms of folklorization, folklorism, and mythologism. The transdiscursivity of Chinese folklore deserves special attention as, being studied through contextual analysis, it unveils the reasons behind this phenomenon in general, exposes the interplay between different discourses, and can be indicative of the evolutionary trajectories of Chinese folklore in particular. One of the most powerful drivers of the transdiscursive transition is the influence of consumer society, which compels traditional narratives to adapt and acquire new features. Under the conditions of transdiscursivity, folklore manifests through its representation in video games, cartoons, plays, etc. The fusion of traditional folklore imagery with modern cultural motifs leads to the incorporation of self-development discourse into contemporary adaptations of folklore, which is reflected in the behavior of fictional characters. Concerning Chinese folklore, the conclusion was made that it takes on new features when functioning in a new discursive environment, thereby altering the perception of traditional images by its recipients. Therefore, the folklore discourse of China is constantly evolving in diverse forms, which ensures its vitality and maintains its unique national and cultural specificity.
The Concept of Human Security in Vietnam’s Contemporary State Policy
Authors: Dao Man Hung
Published: January 2025

The current objectives of Vietnam’s state policy, as outlined in the Resolution of the XIII National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam in 2021, emphasize the importance of human security. The Party specifies that national security relies primarily on targeted government measures to promote and enhance the safety and welfare of citizens. This article explores the concept of human security in relation to the concept of national security and defines key steps that Vietnam can take to further strengthen its security. This article explores the concept of human security in relation to the concept of national security and defines key steps that Vietnam can take to further strengthen its security, focusing on seven primary aspects: economic security, food security, health security, environmental security, personal security, public security, and political security.
Financial science at Kazan University in the 19th century
Authors: Fayzrakhmanova L. M.
Published: January 2025

This article presents the results of a survey of the origins and development of the Kazan school of financial law at Kazan University during the era of significant transformations in the interplay between Russia’s legal, state, and economic systems. The critical role of reforms in the first half of the 19th century, which were a response to the evolving economic and political landscape of Russia, in shaping the principles of financial law as a science was demonstrated. A detailed analysis of the pioneering views and works of such financial scholars as I.Ya. Gorlov, E.G. Osokin, D.M. Lvov, and P.A. Nikolsky was performed, highlighting their pivotal impact on the emergence of financial science at Kazan University. It was concluded that, by the mid-19th century, Kazan University had established a distinct financial law school, thus contributing considerably to the financial law doctrine of pre-revolutionary Russia.
On the concept of legal liability institutions
Authors: Valeeva G. A.
Published: January 2025

The nature and distinguishing features of legal liability institutions in the legal system were analyzed. The tendency to define legal institutions in the branches of law solely through the legislative factor (tied to regulatory acts) was criticized. Distinctions were made between the concepts of “legal liability type” and “legal liability institution,” highlighting the key differences between them. Additional evidence was provided to support the identification of legal liability institutions by relating them to particular branches of law, which are considered the structural elements of the legal system at both macro- and micro-levels. The mechanical classification of legal liability institutions belonging to various branches of law within public or private law was challenged. The practice of treating private and public law liability, along with procedural and substantive liability, as a set of institutions associated with specific legal branches was questioned. The conclusion was made about the need to raise the issue of legal liability legislation that does not mirror the structure of legal liability institutions existing in the legal branches. This differentiation would create an effective legal liability system, without complicating it with numerous legal entities.
Musa Bigiev’s perspective on the form of the Islamic state
Authors: Zaynutdinov D. R.
Published: January 2025

This article examines the form of the Islamic state, comparing it with the classification accepted in continental jurisprudence and drawing parallels with secular and theocratic state models. It emphasizes that Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) does not recognize certain structural elements, such as government, territorial organization, and political regime. Instead, the above elements represent a single category, with the caliphate as the ultimate state form. Musa Bigiev (1874–1949), a prominent Tatar theologian, philosopher, and lawyer, extensively studied the caliphate as a form of the Islamic state. His scholarly works focus on the Sunni and Shia concepts of the caliphate, the general principles of governance, as well as other critical aspects determining the essence of the Islamic state. Based on a comprehensive analysis of Musa Bigiev’s thoughts, the need to define the exact form of the Islamic state is demonstrated and justified.
Defining the list of sources of law within a normative framework as a strategy for strengthening certain aspects of Russia’s legal system
Authors: Samsonov N. V. , Russkikh V. V.
Published: January 2025

This article outlines the practices of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan concerning the development of a normative framework that defines the system of sources of law. In Russia, the effort to create a clear and explicit list of sources (forms) of law has been a longstanding and widely discussed issue, which is, however, a paradox, as law enforcers should know the “format” or framework in which legal norms are articulated and have no doubt about it. The results of the study demonstrate that establishing a robust normative framework for defining the system of sources of law would offer clear guidance when determining legal norms applicable in specific cases and would streamline the decision-making process in situations of legal conflicts. Additionally, it could be advantageous to draw on the experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan in normatively defining a complete list of sources of national laws, provided that its approach is thoughtfully interpreted and creatively adjusted.
Defining the Legal Status of an Individual’s Digital Twin (Surrogate)
Authors: Arkhiereev N. V.
Published: January 2025

With the rapid expansion of the internet, the extensive digitalization of all aspects of modern society, and the accelerated adoption of artificial intelligence technologies, the concept of digital twins has become increasingly relevant. However, modern legal science still needs to bridge the gap in regulating digital twins and establish clear approaches to their use. In this article, the legal status of digital twins, a concept new to Russian law, was examined. The potential impact of digital twins on legal relations was estimated. The major legal problems and risks resulting from the use of digital twins of humans were identified and discussed. It was proposed to legally define the concept of a digital twin (surrogate) and digital human rights, set legal boundaries for the actions of an AI-driven digital twin, adjust access levels for various services, delineate the legal implications of actions taken by digital twins in virtual environments, and outline clear and effective methods to protect digital twins.
SCIENCE IN THE EARTH SCIENCE MUSEUM OF MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY NAMED AFTER LOMONOSOV
Authors: Smurov Andrey , Dubinin Evgeny
Published: January 2025

The article provides a brief analysis of the 75-year history of the formation of scientific directions and research in the Scientific and Educational Museum of Earth Science of Moscow State University named after Lomonosov. The importance of maintaining and developing interdisciplinary research in the educational and outreaching process is substantiated.
NEW DATA ON THE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF MESOZOIC DEPOSITS IN WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Yakupova Jamilya
Published: January 2025

The aim of our study was to carry out a detailed stratigraphic dissection of sections of the western territories of Kazakhstan using the remains of ichthyosaurs. Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous ichthyosaurs were studied. Their collecting was carried out in the period of 2016-2023 from sections in the western Kazakhstan (the villages of Pogodayevo and Shchuchkino in the West Kazakhstan region, the village of Tushybek, Mangystau region (Central Mangyshlak Peninsula)) and the Middle Volga region (the village of Gorodishchi, Ulyanovsk region). The article characterizes the reference sections of the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a description of the found remains of ichthyosaurs of the genera Kazakhstanosaurus, Nannopterygius, and Platypterygius. It has been established that fragments of their skeletons are found in the Upper Jurassic sediments of the sections near the villages of Pogodayevo and Shchuchkino in the West Kazakhstan territory, and in the village of Gorodishchi in the Ulyanovsk region, as well as in the sediments of the Lower Cretaceous of the Mangystau region. The species diversity of the genus Nannopterygius is noted. Our study of the Upper Jurassic sections nearv. Pogodayevo, Shchuchkino and Gorodishchi, and the Lower Cretaceous section of nearv. Tushybek showed that the comparison of the identified Ichthyosaur genera with the Mesozoic scale complexes allowed accurate determination of the age of local stratons and the position of their boundaries.
NEOGEODYNAMICS OF THE WESTERN PART OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN PLATFORM
Authors: Ivanov Ilia , Zaitsev Vladimir
Published: January 2025

Nuclear power plants are sources of a large amount of electrical energy. Therefore, ensuring their safety is a priority for the successful development of nuclear energy engineering. When studying the relief using structural and geomorphological analysis, alignment surfaces and weak zones were revealed, some of which have been transferred to the rank of low-amplitude faults. These faults and the surfaces of the foundation and relief make the framework of a 3D model created using the Roxar RMS 2013 software. The model is given a certain geodynamic setting. As a result, parameters were obtained to make it possible to determine that the Novovoronezh nuclear power plant is located in an unsafe area from the viewpoint of neogeodynamics, unlike the Kursk and Smolensk ones. The geodynamic conditions within a radius of 150 km around the plants are also interpreted using modeling, and the kinematics of faults are described
ON THE INFLUENCE OF HOLOCENE TECTONICS ON THE FORMATION OF THE RIVER NETWORK OF THE ALPINE-HIMALAYAN AND PACIFIC MOBILE BELTS OF EURASIA
Authors: Kokovkin Alexander
Published: January 2025

This article continues the series of publications on the indicators of Holocene activation. Using the examples of the Volga and Amur rivers with their tributaries and the Razdolnaya River, the interaction of the river network with the Holocene orogenic system of the Alpine-Himalayan and Pacific mobile belts of Eurasia was studied. The river network is conformal to their orogenic system. Examples of the control of river valleys by shear systems of active faults are given. The influence of the rivers on the formation of erosional relief was studied. It is shown that loose sediments of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic rifts thrown up in the Holocene are actively destroyed by the river network, with a shear of up to many hundreds of meters. The rises on the riftogen framing and their internal rises, composed of strong pre-Mesozoic rocks, are weakly eroded. Many of them have a contrasting, nonequilibrium relief. The study was conducted within the framework of the pulsatingly expanding Earth model developed by the author.
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF SCIENTIFIC MUSEUMS AS PART OF THE MUSEUM FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (PRESERVE NOTTO USE MUSEUM ITEMS IS RIGHT)
Authors: Murzintseva Alexandra
Published: January 2025

Scientific museums in the Russian Federation, in accordance with current legislation, are switching to the collection management standard developed for the Ministry of Culture. The absolute priority of preserving museum items is a serious obstacle to the implementation of the standard, which greatly limits the possibility of their scientific examination, which is contrary to the interests of scientists. The examination of museum items, like any other use, including exhibiting, inevitably has a negative impact on their preservation. At the same time, the examination serves to increase the value of any item, its relevance for modern culture. The methodology of scientists’ work with collections began to form in the period of antiquity. In our country, tools for processing, describing, systematizing and storing collections were formed in the 18th-19th centuries, namely in scientific museums, museums of the Academy of Sciences. Museums in the Russian Empire were part of the scientific organization system. However, after the Soviet reforms in the 1930s, museum and scientific activities were radically separated. As a result, the research function of museums under the Ministry of Culture is poorly implemented, which is enshrined in current regulatory documents. Scientific museums, due to their subordination to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, have scientific research as their target indicators, which determines their priority over traditional museum indicators (storage and replenishment of funds, exhibits and attracting visitors). Attempts to combine the interests of examining and preserving collections have been discussed for several decades. This problem is especially evident in relation to natural science collections and museums, most of which are under the scientific department. Its solution requires the development of a methodology for handling museum collections and amendments to regulatory documentation.