bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of serum fibrosis markers in the assessment of uterine scar condition
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ignatko I.V. , Churganova A.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Anokhina V.M. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To analyze the levels of serum fibrosis markers, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP), in relation to birth outcomes in patients with uterine scar after one previous cesarean section (CS). Patients and methods. This prospective study included 76 women with uterine scar after one previous CS. All patients had their PINP and PIIINP levels determined upon admission. Depending on birth outcomes, patients were divided into two groups: the study group consisted of 36 women who had spontaneous vaginal delivery without complications, and the comparison group was represented by 40 women who underwent unplanned cesarean delivery due to the development of complications. Results. Patients with successful birth outcomes in the presence of uterine scar had significantly lower levels of serum fibrosis markers: PINP reached 46.1 ng/mL and PIIINP – 2.6 μg/L, while in the comparison group, these values were 64.1 ng/mL and 4.2 μg/L, respectively. Such peculiarity of values may be associated with elevated expression of type I and III collagens. This mechanism provoked rapid fibrosis development, which was clinically manifested by uterine scar rupture during labor. Conclusion. Serum markers of fibrosis (PINP and PIIINP) are promising indicators for their further study as part of the problem of uterine scar assessment, but more observations are needed. For the conclusive evidence of their informativeness, it is important to perform immunohistochemical analysis of scar tissue samples with quantitative estimation of type I and III collagens and to compare these findings with peripheral blood values. Key words: uterine scar, connective tissue disorder, fibrosis, collagen, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide
Adipokine levels and their association with chronic endometritis in reproductive-aged women
Authors:   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Ievleva K.D. , Danusevich I.N. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Atalyan A.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Sharifulin E.M. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Lazareva L.M. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Nadelyaeva Ya.G. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Rashidova M.A. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Akhmedzyanova M.R. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Belenkaya L.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Sholokhov L.F. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Suturina L.V. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Published: February 2024

Objective. To evaluate serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin and their association with chronic endometritis (CE) in reproductive-aged women. Patients and methods. The study included 198 reproductive-aged women who were recruited during general health checks. All patients underwent anthropometric (body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage) and instrumental (pelvic ultrasound, endometrial pipelle biopsy with CD138 immunohistochemistry) examinations, and serum leptin and adiponectin levels were determined. Non-parametric methods and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results. The results of the examination of 121 women were analyzed, of whom 20 were subsequently excluded due to missing data on BMI values, serum leptin concentrations, and CD138 expression levels in the endometrial stroma. Patients were divided into two groups: 60 healthy women (control group) and 41 women with CE, between whom statistically significant differences in BMI (p = 0.012), leptin (p = 0.002) and adiponectin (p = 0.002) levels were determined. Following patients’ division into subgroups according to BMI, women with CE were found to have statistically significantly higher adiponectin levels (p = 0.01) in the subgroup with normal weight and lower leptin levels (p = 0.001) in the subgroup with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 compared to that in the control group. Relatively low leptin levels were a risk factor for CE (OR: 0.903 [0.843; 0.969], p = 0.004) in overweight and obese women. Conclusion. A significant association between serum leptin levels and the presence of CE was determined in overweight and obese women, but not in normal weight women. Key words: adiponectin, inflammation, leptin, overweight, body mass index, obesity, chronic endometritis
Fortalezas y creación de espacio político: la Orden de Santiago y el territorio conquense (siglos XII-XIII)
Authors: De Ayala Martinez Carlos
Published: February 2024

Las fortalezas constituyen en los siglos centrales de la Edad Media inportantísimos instrumentos en los procesos de construcción política que lals distintas monarquías llevan a cabo. Ellas contribuyen decisivamente a colonizar el espacio, pero también a vertebrarlo jurisdiccionalmente. Son seguras referencias de poder, insustituibles en las zonas fronterizas en lals que los diferentes feinos ven amenazada su propia identidad.
Aproximación a la vida de los niños en la Baja Edad Media española
Authors: Arroñada Silvia
Published: February 2024

Aproximación a la vida de los niños en la Baja Edad Media española
The origins of the Inquisition in Andalusia
Authors: Edwards John
Published: February 2024

The origins of the Inquisition in Andalusia
La aristocracia urbana de Madrid: El linaje Las Risas (1445 - 1507)
Authors: Porras Arboledas Pedro Andrés
Published: February 2024

La aristocracia urbana de Madrid: El linaje Las Risas (1445 - 1507)
Nuevas tecnicas, ¿viejas ideas?. Revolución militar, pirobalística y operaciones de expubnación castral castellanas en las guerras contra Granada (c.1325 - c. 1410)
Authors: Rojas Manuel
Published: February 2024

Nuevas tecnicas, ¿viejas ideas?. Revolución militar, pirobalística y operaciones de expubnación castral castellanas en las guerras contra Granada (c.1325 - c. 1410)
Doctrina jurídica y práctica social del matrimonio medieval según Las Partidas
Authors: Ruiz Gómez Francisco
Published: February 2024

Doctrina jurídica y práctica social del matrimonio medieval según Las Partidas
La necrópolis de la Avenida del Aeropuerto de Córdoba.
Authors: Aparicio Sánchez Laura
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo ofrece los resultados obtenidos en la excavación arqueológica realizada en 1995 de la necrópolis andalusí de la Avenida del Aeropuerto en Córdoba. Ha sido estudiada una necrópolis urbana, con diversas fases de ocupación y más de 200 tumbas, de gran interés para el conocimiento de la organización espacial de los cementerios de la Córdoba califal.
Abastecimiento y comercialización de la carne en Córdoba a fines de la Edad Media.
Authors: Hernández Íñigo Pilar
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo estudia del abastecimiento y consumo de carne en la Córdoba bajomedieval. Se analizan los sistemas empleados para garantizar la disponibilidad de este importante alimento; diversos aspectos relativos al matadero y a las carnicerías de la ciudad (orígenes, ubicación, propiedad, estructura física); así como todo lo relacionado con el funcionamiento de estas instalaciones y con el trabajo de los carniceros en el sacrificio de las reses y la venta de la carne. Por último, se describen las medidas de control tomadas por el concejo para la venta de la carne (precios, condiciones de venta, fiscalidad).
El comercio del pescado en el Reino de Toledo. La cuenca alta y media del Tajo entre los siglos XII-XVI.
Authors: Sánchez Quiñones Julián
Published: February 2024

El artículo que presentamos trata sobre los diferentes sistemas de comercio existentes en la cuenca alta y media del Tajo para la venta del pescado. A lo largo de estas páginas hemos intentado establecer el modo en el que este producto era puesto en circulación por medio de diversos mecanismos, legales e ilegales, los cuales permitían a la población de las villas medievales procurarse este alimento. Asimismo, hemos procurado analizar varias cuestiones relativas a los diferentes modos de obtención del pescado por parte de los encargados de su aprovisionamiento y de los individuos que infringían la ley. Igualmente se ha procurado establecer los lugares de venta estipulados para el pescado, su modo de exposición al público, así como los precios de las diferentes especies comercializadas.
Explotación de los recursos en el entorno natural de Jimena de la Frontera tras la conquista cristiana hasta finales de la Edad Media.
Authors: Molina Sújar Salomé , Moreno Moreno Ana
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo está basado en el estudio de la escritura de venta, conservado en el Archivo Ducal de Medina Sidonia, de las cinco dehesas de Jimena de la Frontera (Cádiz). Estas dehesas fueron propiedad de la casa ducal desde la conquista de la villa, a fines del siglo XV, y después de un largo proceso cayeron en manos de la Corona. A través de éste y de otros documentos hemos obtenido una abundante y diversa información sobre dichas tierras: explotación agrícola, lindes y medidas, rasgos del paisaje, fenómenos meteorológicos, jurisdicción, precios, etc.
Tornos circulares de torcer seda en Valencia y Zaragoza desde el siglo XV
Authors: Navarro Espinach Germán
Published: February 2024

Los tornos circulares de torcer seda son unas de las máquinas más complejas y longevas construidas antes de la Revolución Industrial. Entre los siglos XIII y XX mantuvieron inmutable su estructura a pesar de aumentar el número de husos o utilizar energía hidráulica para moverse. Su empleo en el Mediterráneo occidental se difundió al ritmo del crecimiento de la producción de tejidos complejos de seda (terciopelos, satenes, damascos, brocados). Analizamos aquí las primeras noticias existentes sobre su presencia en la Corona de Aragón en los siglos XV-XVI con el objetivo de reconstruir sus características formales y conocer las pautas de funcionamiento que tenían especialmente en las ciudades de Valencia y Zaragoza a través de ordenanzas, pleitos y actas notariales procedentes de sus archivos, en contraste con las imágenes históricas más importantes que proporcionan la iconografía y el patrimonio industrial en Europa.
Tejidos de color en el campo. Saber técnico, costes y gestión del tintado en ámbito rural
Authors: Llibrer Escrig Antoni
Published: February 2024

La historiografía medieval está descubriendo poco a poco la dinamicidad de la producción manufacturera en las áreas rurales, y la función de las pequeñas villas y comunidades en el desarrollo de grandes comarcas y regiones del interior. La aparición de importantes concentraciones artesanales del sector textil, y de activas empresas tintóreas, son síntomas de este destacado dinamismo que desconocíamos hasta hace poco tiempo. Los especialistas del tintado en estas zonas rurales configuraban empresas de alta complejidad, con un destacado saber técnico (similar al mundo urbano), con amplios niveles de inversión y con una relación directa con el mercado, tanto para el abastecimiento de los inputs necesarios, como para la venta de los tejidos ya tintados.
USACE freshwater harmful algal bloom research and development initiative
Authors: Michalsen Mandy , Feist Sheena , VanZomeren Christine , Seiter-Moser Jennifer , Boss Ashleigh
Published: February 2024

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) represent a significant and costly threat to our nation’s economy and natural resources. This report outlines the US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center’s (USACE-ERDC’s) approach to deliver scalable technologies for prevention, early detection, and management of HABs to reduce HAB event frequency, severity, and duration.
Comparación de la hemogasometría en conejos Nueva Zelanda anestesiados con tres protocolos
Authors:   , Quijano Leyva Kiara Beatriz
Published: February 2024

El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la variación de los valores de la hemogasometría en conejos Nueva Zelanda expuestos a tres protocolos anestésicos. En el primer protocolo se usó medicación preanestésica (MPA) acepromacina (0.5 mg/kg) intramuscular (IM) y una inducción con xilacina (5 mg/kg) IM y ketamina (30 mg/kg) IM. El segundo protocolo tuvo una MPA de meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg) subcutáneo (SC) más acepromacina (0.5 mg/kg) IM, una inducción con propofol (8 mg/kg) intravenosa (IV) y tramadol (5 mg/kg) IV, y un mantenimiento con propofol (0.5 mg/kg/min) IV. El tercer protocolo fue con una MPA de meloxicam (0.3 mg/kg) SC y acepromacina (0.5 mg/kg) IM, una inducción con ketamina (15 mg/kg) IV y propofol (8 mg/kg) IV, y un mantenimiento con propofol (0.5 mg/kg/min) IV. Para la evaluación de gases arteriales se utilizó el cartucho BG10 (EDAN i15 vet) y se tomó la muestra sanguínea de la arteria auricular central para una medición basal previo a la administración de algún fármaco y 60 minutos post intervención. Se utilizó el método estadístico de correlación y el método Bonferroni, con un nivel de significancia de 0.05. No se halló diferencia significativa en los valores de gases arteriales entre los tres protocolos anestésicos. En cambio, entre la medición pre y post intervención hubo un aumento significativo en el pCO2 del protocolo 1 y en los tres protocolos no se halló una variación significativa de pO2 y SO2, sin embargo, presentaron valores referentes a un cuadro de hipoxia marcada. En el protocolo 1 hubo una disminución significativa Na+ y Cl-. En el protocolo 1 y 3 se obtuvo una disminución significativa del Hct, debido al uso de acepromacina en todos los protocolos. Y en todos los protocolos se encontró una disminución estadísticamente significativa de K+ y Lac, pudiendo ser por la alimentación.
WITHDRAWN: Observation of 2D-magnesium-intercalated gallium nitride superlattices
Authors: Wang Jia , Cai Wentao , Lu Weifang , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi
Published: February 2024

We observe the intercalation of 2D-magnesium into singlecrystalline gallium nitride which occurs spontaneously between the two dissimilar materials under atmospheric pressure. This is the first-of-its-kind observation of intercalation of 2D-metal into bulk semiconductor in which every single monolayer of magnesium is inserted into a few monolayers of hexagonal gallium nitride without causing volume expansion. As a result, the unprecedented high elastic strain of over -10% amongst thin film materials is sustained in the intercalated gallium nitride layers which modified the electronic band structure and improved the hole mobility (e.g., over 200% increase at low temperature), indicating a good agreement with the long-sought phenomenon of the reversal of crystal-field splitting due to the ultra-small c/a ratio. The simultaneous improvement of hole mobility, as well as hole concentration due to the increased magnesium acceptors, is demonstrated after intercalating 2D-magnesium into p-type gallium nitride. These unique features may shed light on the doping and conductivity enhancement of semiconductors as well as the elastic strain engineering of nanomaterials. The observed layered structure also provides a novel probe for studying the band structure and transport properties of metal/semiconductor superlattices.
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogenesis at 7-12 mbar by Methanosarcina barkeri under Simulated Martian Atmospheric Conditions
Authors: Harris Rachel L , Schuerger Andrew C.
Published: February 2024

Mars, with its ancient history of long-lived habitable environments, continues to captivate researchers exploring the potential for extant life. This study investigates the viability of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, a potential biosignature, in Methanosarcina barkeri MS under simulated Martian surface conditions. We expose M. barkeri to sustained hypobaria (7–12 mbar), low temperature (0˚C), and a CO2-dominated gas mixture mimicking the Martian atmosphere. The results demonstrate statistically quantifiable CH4 production under all tested conditions, including at 7-12 mbar. Transcriptomics reveal that hypobaria alone did not significantly impact gene expression, highlighting the resilience of M. barkeri. However, atmospheric gas composition, specifically Mars gas with 2.9% pH2, led to significant down-regulation of methanogenesis genes, hindering growth over a 14-day experiment. Notably, CH4 production scaled with the partial pressure of H2, indicating its critical role in methanogenesis. We propose that Mars subsurface could harbor habitable refugia, sustaining microbial life at low metabolic steady states. The findings challenge assumptions about the habitability of present-day Mars and have implications for Planetary Protection and in situ resource generation for future human exploration. Overall, this work contributes to understanding the habitability of Mars and informs future astrobiological and exploration endeavors.
WITHDRAWN: Establishment of regeneration system from leaves wrapped by bud scales of Neolamarckia cadamba in the wild
Authors: Li Buye , Que Qingmin , Li Chunmei , Zhou Wei , Zhong Tianxiu , Chen Xiaoyang , Zhang Lifeng , Wang Rui , Xu Qixian , Chen Wenping , Zhong Ming , Huang Xiaoling , Ouyang Kunxi
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Genome-wide association analysis identifies PLA2G4C as a susceptibility locus for Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Tsuji Shoji , Nakahara Yasuo , Mitsui Jun , Date Hidetoshi , Porto Kristine Joyce , Hyashi Yasuhiro , Yamashita Atsushi , Kusakabe Yoshio , Matsukawa Takashi , Ishiura Hiroyuki , Yasuda Tsutomu , Iwata Atsushi , Goto Jun , Ichikawa Yaeko , Momose Yoshio , Takahashi Yuji , Toda Tatsushi , Ohta Rikifumi , Yoshimura Jun , Morishita Shinichi , Gustavsson Emil , Christy Darren , Maczis Melisa , Kim Han-Joon , Park Sung-Sup , Zhang Jin , Gu Weihong , Scholz Sonja , Chelban Viorica , Mok Kin , Houlden Henry , Yabe Ichiro , Sasaki Hidenao , Matsushima Masaaki , Takashima Hiroshi , Kikuchi Akio , Aoki Masashi , Hara Kenju , Kakita Akiyoshi , Yamada Mitsunori , Takahashi Hitoshi , Onodera Osamu , Nishizawa Masatoyo , Watanabe Hirohisa , Ito Mizuki , Sobue Gen , Ishikawa Kinya , Mizusawa Hidehiro , Kanai Kazuaki , Kuwabara Satoshi , Arai Kimihito , Koyano Shigeru , Kuroiwa Yoshiyuki , Hasegawa Kazuko , Yuasa Tatsuhiko , Yasui Kenichi , Nakashima Kenji , Ito Hijiri , Izumi Yuishin , Kaji Ryuji , kato Takeo , Kusunoki Susumu , Osaki Yasushi , Horiuchi Masahiro , Yamamoto Ken , Shimada Mihoko , Miyagawa Taku , Kawai Yosuke , Nishida Nao , Tokunaga Katsushi , Durr Alexandra , Brice Alexis , Filla Alessandro , Klockgether Thomas , Wuellner Ullrich , Tanner Caroline , Kukull Walter , Lee Virginia , Masliah Eliezer , Low Phillip , Sandroni Paola , Ozelius Laurie , Foroud Tatiana , Farrer Matthew , Trojanowski John
Published: February 2024

To elucidate the molecular basis of multiple system atrophy (MSA), a neurodegenerative disease, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a Japanese MSA case/control series followed by replication studies in Japanese, Korean, Chinese, European, and North American samples. In the GWAS stage, rs2303744 on chromosome 19 showed a suggestive association (P = 6.5 × 10− 7) that was replicated in additional Japanese samples (P = 2.9 × 10− 6, odds ratio (OR) = 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.30–1.91), and then confirmed as highly significant in a meta-analysis of East Asian population data (P = 5.0 × 10− 15, OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.35–1.65). The association of rs2303744 with MSA remained significant in combined European/North American samples (P = 0.017, OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.02–1.23) despite allele frequencies being quite different between these populations. rs2303744 leads to an amino acid substitution in PLA2G4C that encodes the cPLA2γ lysophospholipase/transacylase. The cPLA2γ-Ile143 isoform encoded by the MSA risk allele has significantly decreased transacylase activity compared with the alternate cPLA2γ-Val143 isoform, and may perturb membrane phospholipids and promote oligodendroglial pathology.
Investigations of FFF Process Parameters for Printing UHMWPE / HAP + TiO2 Filament Prepared by A Developed Small-Scale Filament Extruder for Used in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Salama Ahmed , Osman T.A. , Rashad R. M. , Kamel Bahaa M.
Published: February 2024

The first aim of this work is to produce a small-scale filament extruder. The produced filament should be suitable for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printers. The filament production is not common and only made by several manufacturers around the world. The cheapest filament extruder machine on the market is still expensive compared to the 3D printer itself. Specifically, this paper describes the design, working principle and structure of a compacted thermo-plastic extrusion machine. One of the additive manufacturing processes used for the manufacture of functional and nonfunctional prototypes is fused filament fabrication (FFF), also known as freeform filament fabrication. FFF process settings have been shown to have a considerable impact on the mechanical, thermal, surface, morphological, and tribological properties of 3D printed objects in earlier research. The second aim of this research is to investigate the FFF process parameters for printing UHMWPE / HAP + TiO2 composite filament. Four main process parameters for the FFF process were adjusted in this study: infill %, bed temperature, extruder temperature, and outer perimeter. The ultimate tensile strength of the 3D printed UHMWPE / HAP + TiO2 prototypes (according to ASTM 638 type IV) was investigated using a universal tensile tester. The study's findings imply that the ultimate tensile strength can be maximized with a 100% infill percentage, 60OC bed temperature, 210 OC extruding temperature, and 5 outer perimeters. The other goal of this study is to replace the filament extrusion head of the 3D printer with a single screw extruder for printing the composite particle directly without the filament processing. Finally use the optimized parameter to print the same prototype directly and compare the results.
Photosynthesis and stress response of coal fly ash on stem elongation in wheat
Authors: Wang Shengpu , Hu Xinpeng , Li Bingbing , Zhang Haojia , Xiao Xin , Qian Ruoxi , Huang Xi
Published: February 2024

Coal is one of the primary energy sources in China and is widely used for electricity generation. Crops growing in overlapped areas of farmland and coal resources (OAFCR) suffer from coal fly ash stress, especially during stem elongation, which is a key stage that impacts wheat yield and is sensitive to environmental stress. As a primary food crop of China, wheat is essential for food security. However, the characteristics of wheat under the combined stress of fly ash and various heavy metals have not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we explored the response of stem elongation in wheat to different levels of coal fly ash stress and determined the content of heavy metals (HMs) in wheat leaves. We found that with an increase in fly ash content, the Cu content in the shoots increased, while that in the roots decreased. Coal fly ash exposure reduced the proportions of Pb and Zn in the cytoderm, and the proportion of Cu in the soluble constituents decreased from 58.3–45.7%. Total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b levels decreased significantly, whereas peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities generally increased with increasing fly ash dose. Meanwhile, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and their internal structures were damaged, and the cell structures of leaves, such as the internal membrane structure, were damaged.
To BEV or not to BEV? A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Light-Duty Vehicles
Authors: Chen Hao , Sener Serife , Emburg Cole , Jones Miles , Bogucki Taylor , Bonilla Nicolas , Ijeoma Muzan , Wan Heng , Carbajales-Dale Michael
Published: February 2024

Electric vehicles (EVs) are promoted as ‘clean’ technologies and offer promising reductions in transportation emissions. Nevertheless, their environmental benefits critically depend on the local electricity grid mix and the type of emission being considered. Here, we conduct a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of the four dominant light-duty vehicles (LDVs) categories at both the global scale and across three prominent countries leading the global EV market – Norway, the US, and China – each with a distinct electricity grid mix. By analyzing different environmental indicators, specifically emphasizing global warming potential and respiratory effects, and quantifying related parametric uncertainties (e.g. fuel economy, electric driving share and vehicle lifetime mileage), we reveal that the EV advantages vary across these regions and across different types of environmental impacts. Our results support stakeholders in finding the most environmentally friendly vehicle and policy interventions while considering multiple factors, emphasizing tailored approaches over one-size-fits-all solutions in sustainable transportation.
Trametinib in the treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma with KRAS G12D mutation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Jiacheng , Shen Hongchang , Jiang Yuanzhu , Meng Junzheng
Published: February 2024

The lung cancer poses a great threat to the patients’ health and social activities. Luckily, epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have greatly improved the response of patients getting EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the targeted therapy of KRAS mutations in lung cancer is still being explored; Currently, the effectiveness of drugs for KRAS mutations NSCLC is unsatisfactory. In this case, we present a advanced NSCLC with KRAS G12D mutation successfully treated with single-agent trametinib therapy. A 65-year-old non-smoking woman was diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma after a lung CT for coughing revealed a lung lesion. She underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) and revealed the KRAS G12D mutation. The single-agent target therapy of trametinib showed clinical benefit without obvious toxicity. This successful case of trametinib in advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with KRAS G12D mutation suggests that trametinib may provide longer survival time for such patients. At the same time, we briefly reviewed the research progress of KRAS in NSCLC, and proposed possible challenges in the future.
Dynamic Knowledge Expansion: Real-time Text Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Ferjani Imen , Hidri Minyar Sassi , Frihida Ali
Published: February 2024

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown exceptional prowess in text classification in the dynamic landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). It is difficult, however, to adapt to evolving concepts when overwhelmed with streaming data and retraining is cumbersome. We present an incremental learning solution tailored for real-world, computationally intensive applications in this paper. Using dynamic updates, we introduce a new taxonomy for text data stream classification that addresses the formidable challenge of concept drift. Using a modest dataset, we train a lean CNN. Using transfer learning, this model intelligently gleans insights from the data stream, leveraging knowledge gained from previous datasets. In order to classify data streams in real time, an online learning mechanism is deployed. A pretrained CNN is updated periodically to capture emerging features, accelerating learning even further. Our experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our approach, setting new benchmarks in performance. Our method allows NLP systems to remain agile, efficient, and state-ofthe- art in an era of relentless data flow.
A Fault-tolerant Scheduling Strategy through Proactive and Clustering Techniques for Scientific Workflows in Cloud Computing
Authors: Farhood Suha Mubdir , Khorsand Reihaneh , Hussein Nashwan Jasim , Ramezanpour Mohammadreza
Published: February 2024

Scientific workflow scheduling allocates many fine computational granularity tasks to the best appropriate cloud resources. The prevalence of failures in cloud computing is augmented by the substantial quantity of servers and components burdened with resource-intensive workloads. In addition, workflow tasks may face a higher failure risk than a job with the single task. To mitigate the likelihood of these potential failures, the workflow scheduling system should exhibit fault tolerance. In this paper, a fault-tolerant scheduling strategy through proactive and clustering techniques for scientific workflows is proposed in cloud computing. First, the problem of task clustering is formulated by combining several short-duration tasks into a single job to minimize scheduling overhead and enhance the runtime performance of workflow executions. Then, an autonomous framework for workflow scheduling is introduced based on the MAPE-K control model with four essential steps: monitoring, analyzing, planning, and executing, all supported by a shared knowledge base. In the monitoring step, clustered jobs and capabilities of available cloud resources are monitored. In the analyzing step, the failure prediction accuracy is increased by applying the group method of data handling (GMDH) neural network before fault /failure occurrence. In the planning step, (1) the reliability of application execution is assured through a re-clustering technique after fault /failure occurrence; (2) a new hybrid multi-objective algorithm is proposed based on MOPSO and adaptive SA, called MOPSO-aSA, to facilitate workflow scheduling in faulty execution environments. Last, according to the experimental results, it can be concluded that the suggested strategy outperforms other approaches in terms of makespan, total cost, energy consumption, and failure rate.
Spontaneous regression of a lumbar juxta-facet cyst - Case Report
Authors: OZDEMIR KAAN TUGBERK , Bozkurt Ismail
Published: February 2024

Background.
This report examines the rare phenomenon of spontaneous regression of a lumbar perineural cyst. Lumbar perineural cysts, typically associated with nerve root compression, are generally managed surgically. However, instances of non-surgical resolution have been documented.
Case Presentation.
A 54-year-old male presented with lower back and left leg pain, with MRI revealing a perineural cyst at the left L4-L5 level. Choosing conservative management, the patient experienced an unexpected and swift regression of the cyst, confirmed by follow-up MRI.
Conclusions.
This case illustrates the potential for conservative management in lumbar perineural cysts and underscores the importance of individualized patient care. It challenges the traditional surgical preference and advocates for flexible, patient-centered treatment approaches in spinal pathology.
Physiological Dynamism of Various Serum Cardiac Biomarkers in Apparently Healthy Sipli Sheep of Pakistan
Authors: Sharif Madiha , Lashari Mushtaq Hussain , Farooq Umer , Idris Musadiq , Mahmood Aisha
Published: February 2024

The present work is the first record of deducing normal reference intervals (RIs) for various serum cardiac biomarkers namely cardiac troponin I (cTnI), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and total protein (TP), and their interrelationship in apparently healthy indigenous Sipli breed of sheep (n = 141) from Pakistan. Apropos to aseptic blood collection and serum extraction, the attributes were deduced using commercially available kits. For the sake of analyses, the studied biomarkers were attributed as independent (Na+, K+, and TP) and dependent (LDH, ALT, AST, cTnI and CK-MB) variables. The RIs were determined through Reference Value Advisor Version 2.1 as per gender and age keeping in view the guidelines provided by American Society of Veterinary Pathology (ASVCP). Results revealed that the RIs for cardiac serum biomarkers included in the present study were generally within the reference range provided for sheep with slight variations which might be attributed to physiological adaptation to harsh desert climate. The Na+ significantly (P ≤ 0.05) predicted AST (adj. r-square = 0.976) and CK-MB (adj. r-square = 0.477). Similarly, K+ significantly (P ≤ 0.05) predicted LDH (adj. r-square = 0.626) and ALT (adj. r-square = 0.897). The TP had highest adjusted r-square of 0.770 with AST however it was statistically non-significant (P ≥ 0.05). The results of the study present a baseline data about these cardiac biomarkers which may be utilized for cardiac assessment of the sheep. It is recommended that the serum cardiac biomarkers ascertained in this study may be studied along with electrophysiology and ultrasonography of sheep heart for confirmed diagnosis/prognosis of cardiomyopathies.
Optimal Transport-Based Graph Kernels for Drug Property Prediction
Authors: Aburidi Mohammed , Marcia Roummel
Published: February 2024

The development of pharmaceutical agents relies heavily on optimizing their pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties, collectively known as ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity). Accurate assessment of these properties during the early stages of drug development is challenging due to resource-intensive experimental evaluation and limited comprehensive data availability. To overcome these obstacles, there has been a growing reliance on computational and predictive tools, leveraging recent advancements in machine learning and graph-based methodologies. This study presents an innovative approach that harnesses the power of optimal transport (OT) theory to construct three graph kernels for predicting drug ADMET properties. This approach involves the use of graph matching to create a similarity matrix, which is subsequently integrated into a predictive model. Through extensive evaluations on 19 distinct ADMET datasets, the potential of this methodology becomes evident. The OT-based graph kernels exhibits exceptional performance, outperforming state-of-the-art graph deep learning models in 9 out of 19 datasets, even surpassing the most impactful Graph Neural Network (GNN) that excels in 4 datasets. Furthermore, they are very competitive in 2 additional datasets. Our proposed novel class of OT-based graph kernels not only demonstrates a high degree of effectiveness and competitiveness but also, in contrast to graph neural networks, offers interpretability, adaptability and generalizability across multiple datasets.
Increasing the number of midwives is necessary but not sufficient: using global data to support the case for investment in both midwife availability and the enabling work environment
Authors: Nove Andrea , Boyce Martin , Neal Sarah , Homer Caroline SE , Lavender Tina , Matthews Zoë , Downe Soo
Published: February 2024

Background
Most countries are off-track to achieve global maternal and newborn health goals. Global stakeholders agree that investment in midwifery is an important element of the solution. During a global shortage of health workers, strategic decisions must be made about how to configure services to achieve the best possible outcomes with the available resources. This paper aims to prompt policy dialogue and support this decision-making process.
Methods
Using the most recent available data from publicly available global databases for the period 2000–2020, we examined the association between the number of midwives per 10,000 population and: (i) maternal mortality, (ii) neonatal mortality, and (iii) caesarean birth rate in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We developed a composite measure of the strength of the midwifery profession, and examined its relationship with maternal mortality.
Results
In LMICs (especially low-income countries), higher availability of midwives is associated with lower maternal and neonatal mortality. In upper-middle-income countries, higher availability of midwives is associated with caesarean birth rates close to 10–15%. However, some countries achieved good outcomes without increasing midwife availability, and some have increased midwife availability and not achieved good outcomes. Similarly, while stronger midwifery service structures are associated with greater reductions in maternal mortality, this is not true in every country.
Conclusions
A complex web of health system factors and social determinants contribute to maternal and newborn health outcomes, but there is enough evidence from this and other studies to indicate that midwives can be a highly cost-effective element of national strategies to improve these outcomes.
Active facilitation of helper dispersal by parents and siblings in the cooperatively breeding acorn woodpecker
Authors: Hagemeyer Natasha , Koenig Walter , Walters Eric
Published: February 2024

Offspring that delay dispersal in cooperatively breeding species have been hypothesized to gain direct fitness benefits via parental facilitation—being passively tolerated on their natal territory by their parents—thereby enjoying enhanced survival and increased probability of acquiring a breeding position in the population. Here we describe active facilitation in the acorn woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) by parents and siblings assisting the dispersal of helpers in their social group. Helpers in this species compete for reproductive opportunities in “power struggles” that take place when breeders of one sex die or disappear, thereby creating a reproductive vacancy. Individuals compete at power struggles in coalitions of relatives, in which larger coalitions are more likely to be victorious. Based on observations of banded birds, we found that an estimated 26% of individuals competing as part of a winning coalition at a power struggle returned to their home territory at its conclusion, suggesting that they were facilitating the dispersal of kin (generally parents or siblings) that stayed to become breeders on the new territory. In at least one group, parental and sibling facilitation was reciprocated; that is, a bird that was helped at a power struggle by a relative joined that same relative as part of a coalition at a subsequent power struggle. Dispersal facilitation is a novel means by which parents can enhance the direct fitness of offspring or siblings can enhance each other’s inclusive fitness in this highly social species.
Metformin reduces the clonal fitness of Dnmt3aR878H hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by reversing their aberrant metabolic and epigenetic state
Authors: Chan Steven , Hosseini Mohsen , Voisin Veronique , Chegini Ali , Varesi Angelica , Cathelin Severine , Ayyathan Dhanoop Manikoth , Liu Alex , Yang Yitong , Wang Vivian , Maher Abdula , Grignano Eric , Haines Julie , D'Alessandro Angelo , Young Kira , Wu Yiyan , Fiumara Martina , Ferrari Samuele , Naldini Luigi , Gaiti Federico , Pai Shraddha , Schimmer Aaron , Bader Gary , Dick John , Xie Stephanie Z. , Trowbridge Jennifer
Published: February 2024

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) arises when a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) acquires a mutation that confers a competitive advantage over wild-type (WT) HSCs, resulting in its clonal expansion. Individuals with CH are at an increased risk of developing hematologic neoplasms and a range of age-related inflammatory illnesses1-3. Therapeutic interventions that suppress the expansion of mutant HSCs have the potential to prevent these CH-related illnesses; however, such interventions have not yet been identified. The most common CH driver mutations are in the DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A) gene with arginine 882 (R882) being a mutation hotspot. Here we show that murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) carrying the Dnmt3aR878H/+ mutation, which is equivalent to human DNMT3AR882H/+, have increased mitochondrial respiration compared with WT cells and are dependent on this metabolic reprogramming for their competitive advantage. Importantly, treatment with metformin, an oral anti-diabetic drug with inhibitory activity against complex I in the electron transport chain (ETC), reduced the fitness of Dnmt3aR878H/+ HSCs. Through a multi-omics approach, we discovered that metformin acts by enhancing the methylation potential in Dnmt3aR878H/+ HSPCs and reversing their aberrant DNA CpG methylation and histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) profiles. Metformin also reduced the fitness of human DNMT3AR882H HSPCs generated by prime editing. Our findings provide preclinical rationale for investigating metformin as a preventive intervention against illnesses associated with DNMT3AR882 mutation-driven CH in humans.
Microbial Dynamics and Pulmonary Immune Responses in COVID-19 Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Langelier Charles , Spottiswoode Natasha , Tsitsiklis Alexandra , Phan Hoang , Chu Victoria , Devoe Catherine , Love Christina , Ghale Rajani , Bloomstein Joshua , Zha Beth Shoshana , Mourani Peter , Kalantar Katrina , Detweiler Angela , Neff Norma , Carrillo Sidney , Consortium COMET , DeRisi Joseph , Erle David , Hendrickson Carolyn , Kangelaris Kristen , Krummel Matthew , Matthay Michael , Woodruff Prescott , Calfee Carolyn
Published: February 2024

Secondary bacterial pneumonia (2°BP) is associated with significant morbidity following respiratory viral infection, yet mechanistically remains incompletely understood. In a prospective cohort of 112 critically ill adults intubated for COVID-19, we comparatively assessed longitudinal airway microbiome dynamics and studied the pulmonary transcriptome of patients who developed 2°BP versus controls who did not. We found that 2°BP was significantly associated with both mortality and corticosteroid treatment. The pulmonary microbiome in 2°BP was characterized by increased bacterial RNA load, dominance of culture-confirmed pathogens, and lower alpha diversity. Bacterial pathogens were detectable days prior to 2°BP clinical diagnosis, and in most cases were also present in nasal swabs. Pathogen antimicrobial resistance genes were also detectable in both the lower airway and nasal samples, and in some cases were identified prior to 2°BP clinical diagnosis. Assessment of the pulmonary transcriptome revealed suppressed TNFa signaling via NF-kB in patients who developed 2°BP, and a sub-analysis suggested that this finding was mediated by corticosteroid treatment. Within the 2°BP group, we observed a striking inverse correlation between innate and adaptive immune gene expression and bacterial RNA load. Together, our findings provide fresh insights into the microbial dynamics and host immune features of COVID-19-associated 2°BP.
Mast cell degranulation producing tryptase, 5-hydroxy and histamine as a mechanism for differences in acupoint sensitization
Authors: Yang Jiayi , Wang Zidong , Zhao Jun , Jiang Jing , Tian Huiling , Liu Yizhi , Cao Zu mao , Li Zhigang
Published: February 2024

As stimulation points in acupuncture,acupoints have unique local pathological characteristics. Acupoint sensitization is the transformation of an acupoint from a ‘silent state’ to an‘activ ated state’ and the specificity of sensitization is important for disease investigation, and its dynamics vary significantly with the degree of sensitization.The mechanism of action of l ocal acupoints on the skin needs to be further clarified to provide reference value for sub sequent acupuncture treatment.To explore the degree of acupoint sensitization relatedto the and the underlying mechanism of local content of small biomolecules, mainly mastcells.We established a knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model by intra-articular injection of sodiumiodoac etate (MIA) into the left knee of rats.The distal points of the extremities (Left Tianjing,Ri ght Tianjing,Left Heding,Right Heding)were selected for the study.The mechanical pain thre shold at local acupoints was detected by Electric Von Frey, and the aggregation andthreshi ng status of mast cells(MCs) were detected by toluidine blue staining.The MCs aggregatio n and degranulation status of each group were detected by toluidine blue staining;the chan ges in the content of trypsin, 5-HT and HA indexes at different activation points weredete cted by immunofluorescence double-labeling method.It showed that the content of trypsin, 5-HT and HA at different activated acupuncture points varied more than the resting state of the local acupuncture points, with the right Tianjing acupoint having a higher content t han the other points, indicating that the number of MCs and the content of trypsin, 5-HT and HA produced by degranulation may be one of the cellular mechanisms occurring dur ing acupuncture point sensitization. The pain thresholds of different acupoints were signific antly different, and the sensitization degree was in the order of right Tianjing acupoint（SJ 10）>right Heding acupoint（EX-LE2）>left Heding acupoint（EX-LE2）>left Tianjing acu point（SJ10）.It indicated that the sensitization differences clarify the degrees of variationw ith the differences in point selection,which helped to broaden the understanding ofthe char acteristics of local points and explore the basic pathology of localpoints and provided som e theoretical basis for clinical intervention selection.
Design of LABVIEW-based UAV Online Monitoring and Security Situation Assessment System
Authors: Shi Zhuoyong , Zhang Jiandong , Shi Guoqing , Ji Longmeng
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we design a LabVIEW-based UAV online monitoring and safety situation assessment system to address the deficiencies in the monitoring of UAV flight state parameters and safety situation assessment. The system includes a lower computer recorded by the UAV and an upper computer on the ground. The lower computer collects and detects the flight data and connects to the upper computer through the serial port via the wireless digital transmission module, and the upper computer receives the data and carries out the monitoring of the UAV and the estimation of the safety situation. The lower unit of the system adopts multi-sensors to collect UAV navigation information in real time to achieve flight detection, and the upper unit adopts LabVIEW to design UAV online monitoring and safety situation estimation system to achieve monitoring and safety situation estimation during UAV navigation. The test results show that the system is able to detect and comprehensively display the navigation information of the UAV in real time and realize the safety situation assessment and alarm function of the UAV, which can realize the functions of online monitoring and safety situation assessment during the navigation process of the UAV.