bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing Public Perceptions of Child and Adult Grief Responses to Familial Incarceration
Authors: Abu-Samaha Amir , McLean Elisabeth , Weller Destiny , Kelley Jonathan , Schmidt Adam T. , Singer Jonathan
Published: July 2024

Children of incarcerated parents may grieve this loss, yet perceptions of their grief are understudied. Using vignettes varying by age (adult/child) and grief response (prolonged/resilient), we examined differences between perceptions of adults and children grieving parental incarceration. Participants rated grief response appropriateness, comfort providing support, and grief therapy recommendations for the grieving person in the vignette. Participants perceived resilience as more appropriate than prolonged grief [ F (1, 224) = 9.02, p = .003, η2 = .04]. Age did not predict outcomes. Recommending grief therapy was higher for prolonged grief, yet 53% of participants with resilient vignettes recommended the person should seek grief therapy, which is concerning given possible iatrogenic effects. Thus, laypeople may have stigma toward individuals grieving parental incarceration, regardless of age.
Eye-Tracking Analyses of a Coach’s Pointing Gestures Timed With Speech: Implications for Players' Recall of Basketball Tactical Instructions
Authors: Ben Chikha Houssem , Mguidich Hajer , Zoudji Bachir , Khacharem Aïmen
Published: July 2024

Coaches often use pointing gestures alongside their speech to reinforce their message and emphasize important concepts during instructional communications, but the impact of simultaneous pointing gestures and speech on learners’ recall remains unclear. We used eye-tracking and recalled performance to investigate the impact of a coach’s variously timed pointing gestures and speech on two groups of learners’ (novices and experts) visual attention and recall of tactical instructions. Participants were 96 basketball players (48 novice and 48 expert) who attempted to recall instructions about the evolution of a basketball game system under two teaching conditions: speech accompanied by gestures and speech followed by gestures. Overall, the results showed that novice players benefited more from instructional speech accompanied by gestures than from speech followed by gestures alone. This was evidenced by their greater visual attention to the diagrams, demonstrated through a higher fixation count and decreased saccadic shifts between the coach and the diagrams. Additionally, they exhibited improved recall and experienced reduced mental effort, despite having the same fixation time on the diagrams and equivalent recall time. Conversely, experts benefited more from instructional speech followed by gestures, indicating an expertise reversal effect. These results suggest that coaches and educators may improve their tactical instructions by timing the pairing of their hand gestures and speech in relation to the learner’s level of expertise.
Effects of Specific Dual Task Training on Change of Direction Ability, Cognitive Flexibility, and Inhibition in Young Soccer Players
Authors: Baccouch Rym , Borji Rihab , Ayed Hafedh , Sahli Sonia , Zammit Yosra , Rebai Haithem
Published: July 2024

In the current study we aimed to investigate the effect of specific dual task training (SDTT) compared to conventional soccer training (CST) on motor and cognitive performances in U13 elite soccer players. Twenty-four young soccer players (all males) participated in this study. We measured their change of direction ability (CODA) and cognitive performances (cognitive flexibility and inhibition) before and after four weeks in either the SDTT group or the CST group. We administered the Trail-Making Test (TMT) to evaluate cognitive flexibility and the Stroop test to evaluate cognitive inhibition. We assessed CODA using the t test (TT). After training, CODA ( p < .001), cognitive flexibility ( p < .001), and inhibition ( p < .001) were improved only in the SDTT group. These results suggest that SDTT seems more suitable than CST to optimally improve both CODA and cognitive performances in U13 elite soccer players.
Psychometric Properties of Various Factorial Models of the ORTO-15 Tested With Brazilian Respondents
Authors: Donofre Giovanna Soler , Japur Camila Cremonezi , Laus Maria Fernanda , Alvarenga Marle dos Santos , Silva Wanderson Roberto da
Published: July 2024

The ORTO-15 is a commonly used screening instrument for symptoms of Orthorexia Nervosa (ON), an obsessive overconcern with healthy eating. However, its limitations have been evidenced in several published factorial models. We analyzed the psychometric properties of seven different ORTO-15 factorial models using data from Brazilian adult participants ( n = 1455; 71.4% women; M age = 29.5, SD = 8.9 years) from the country’s five macro-regions who answered online questions for sample characterization and completed the Portuguese version of the ORTO-15 containing 15 items. We tested the fit of each model separately, analyzing data for men and women with separate confirmatory factor analysis, and using the Weighted Least Squares Mean and Variance Adjusted estimation method and goodness-of-fit indices. We also calculated the average variance extracted and the alpha ordinal and omega coefficients to analyze the convergent validity and reliability of the factors. None of the models tested presented adequate properties of validity and reliability. Although we found some acceptable reliability coefficients, they do not guarantee the validity of the data. Future investigators should be cautious when choosing the ORTO-15 for ON screening.
The green library advocacy: Need to engage the international communities in a climate change action
Authors: Ajani Yusuf Ayodeji , Muhammed Rihanat Bukola , Oladokun Bolaji David , Folami Sulaimon Olayiwola , Onyebinama Colette Ogugua
Published: July 2024

This paper seeks to explore the pivotal role of libraries in global initiatives to combat climate change and emphasize the significance of international cooperation in advocating for sustainable practices. Through an extensive exploration of existing literature and real-world case studies obtained from various sources of information, this paper scrutinizes various endeavors undertaken by libraries worldwide to promote environmental advocacy and tackle climate-related challenges. It assesses the obstacles and prospects encountered by libraries in engaging communities and fostering sustainability. The study underscores the indispensable role of libraries as centers for environmental education, awareness-raising, and proactive measures. Libraries serve as vital platforms for disseminating information, conducting workshops, and advocating for policies conducive to environmental preservation. Collaborative ventures like the Climate Action Libraries Network (CALN) and the Global Library Consortium for Climate Action (GLCCA) showcase the potency of collective efforts in addressing climate change issues. Additionally, the paper highlights significant hurdles, such as resource constraints and institutional barriers, while proposing future strategies for advancing green library advocacy. This paper enriches the scholarly discourse by accentuating the transformative potential of libraries in championing sustainability and nurturing resilient communities. It underscores the imperative of international collaboration in nurturing green library initiatives and underscores avenues for libraries to augment their influence in confronting climate change globally.
Bicultural Competence and Academic and Psychosocial Functioning Among Latinx Early Adolescents: Examining the Moderating Role of Gender
Authors: Carbajal Selena , Delgado Melissa Y. , Nair Rajni L. , Zeiders Katharine H.
Published: July 2024

Bicultural competence, the ability to navigate and alternate between two cultures, is an important developmental competency for Latinx youth. Empirical research has suggested that bicultural competence is associated with positive academic and psychosocial functioning, including higher academic achievement and fewer internalizing and externalizing symptoms. However, little research has examined how distinct dimensions of bicultural competence related to these indices. The current study examined how bicultural comfort and facility related to academic (self-efficacy and grades) and psychosocial (depressive symptoms and risky behaviors) functioning and how those relations varied by gender among Latinx early adolescents ( N = 206, M age = 12.39, SD = 0.15). Results suggested that higher bicultural facility was related to higher academic self-efficacy and better grades for boys and girls, whereas higher bicultural comfort was related to fewer depressive symptoms and risky behaviors for boys only. These findings indicate that bicultural competence dimensions may benefit Latinx early adolescents differentially.
Gauging Acceptance: A Multifaceted Examination of Physical Ability and Its Role for Peer Networks in Adolescent Physical Education
Authors: Holler Cornelius , Schüßler Annabell
Published: July 2024

This study examines the role of perceptions of physical ability on collaboration networks in physical education through three distinct lenses: self-concept, peer assessments, and teacher ratings. The interplay of these perspectives on team partner nominations is analyzed using exponential random graph models, while taking into account variables such as liking networks and gender associations. Drawing upon a sample of 302 adolescents across 14 high-school classes, the results reveal that physical ability is significantly linked with choices for team partners, indicating that high and similar performing peers are more likely to be chosen as team partners. Furthermore, only peer perceived ability was found to be predictive of social relationships in physical education, while the self and teacher perspectives show no significant effects on collaboration choices in sports games. These findings highlight the important role of academic norms, such as physical ability, for peer relations in physical education.
Recommended for You: Explicit Motivations and Recommender Systems Influence Users’ Media Engagement and Well-Being
Authors: Chapman Harrison , Abraham Anna
Published: July 2024

People are inundated with readily accessible entertainment media choices. Recommender systems are frequently utilized to support people's media selection and engagement. The psychological factors that influence people's engagement with recommender systems and entertainment content is an under-explored area. This paper reports the findings of an exploratory study where users’ explicit experiences of audiovisual media services (e.g., Netflix, TikTok, YouTube, HBO Max) and their recommender systems were examined through an online survey (n = 339). Thematic analysis, factor analysis, and path analysis were used to evaluate the data. The results indicate that (1) recommender systems influence users’ emotions and media use, (2) people prefer personalized compared to generic recommendation lists, (3) the temporal length of recommended content influences people's interest, and (4) perceived utility leads to the endorsement of recommender systems and may influence users’ well-being. The findings point to wider psychological implications associated with user awareness of recommender systems.
Trending Now: Implicit Factors Influence Users’ Online Audiovisual Media Motivations and Engagement
Authors: Chapman Harrison , Abraham Anna
Published: July 2024

People have access to varied entertainment choices through online audiovisual media. Uses and Gratification Theory postulates viewers as active participants in their entertainment selection who watch media for a variety of reasons. Both hedonic and eudaimonic motivations drive user engagement. This paper focuses on how users’ implicit psychological factors (e.g., curiosity, need for affect) influence their motivations for watching online audiovisual media (n = 339). We employed multiple regression to examine predictors of eudaimonic and hedonic motivations alongside information, social interaction, and entertainment uses. The results indicate (1) people's awareness of AI recommender systems does not influence their media engagement, (2) people's need for affect underlies all types of media engagement, and (3) the effect of people's curiosity on their media engagement motivations were dimension-specific (i.e., dependent on the subtype). Our findings are in line with entertainment gratification models and reveal curiosity's unique role in people's motivations for audiovisual entertainment.
Artists on Climate Change: Their Intended Impact and Audiences
Authors: Hahn Ulrike , Berkers Pauwke
Published: July 2024

There is a high interest in art's change potential towards sustainability. Yet, there is still a lot unknown about this change potential, including from the perspective of artists themselves. The research questions, thus, are: Do artists who create climate-related art have goals and target audiences regarding their climate-related work? If so, which goals and audiences do they aim for, and why? 30 interviews with artists having been born or living in the United Kingdom, United States of America or Germany were conducted and analyzed. A framework of eco-social change was applied to the interview transcripts, and artists’ goals and audiences were analyzed through thematic analysis. The research finds that artists have a desire for societal impact and wider audiences, but some also have narrower audiences and smaller changes in mind. Moreover, some artists engage in an impact reflexivity about not only the potential but also the limits of their practice.
How Context and Painting Attributes Affect Aesthetic Judgment Across Expertise
Authors: Li Qin
Published: July 2024

Using a digital environment, this study tested how setting (museum vs. street), reputation (established vs. unestablished), and style (abstract vs. representational) affected people's aesthetic perception of art. Art novices, quasi-experts, and experts were randomly assigned to rate paintings that varied in setting, reputation, and style. Although there was no significant main effect of setting, follow-up pairwise comparisons showed that novices gave higher aesthetic judgment to paintings in street settings. There was a significant interaction between reputation, style, and expertise, such that the greater the expertise, the greater the differences in ratings between established and unestablished paintings, and the smaller the differences between abstract and representational style paintings. Quasi-experts and experts gave higher ratings to established rather than unestablished paintings, and all groups preferred representational over abstract style; however, the expert preferences reversed with unestablished paintings. The study found that the effect of reputation and expertise persisted after controlling for painting familiarity.
Machine learning for shipwreck segmentation from side scan sonar imagery: Dataset and benchmark
Authors: Sethuraman Advaith V. , Sheppard Anja , Bagoren Onur , Pinnow Christopher , Anderson Jamey , Havens Timothy C. , Skinner Katherine A.
Published: July 2024

Open-source benchmark datasets have been a critical component for advancing machine learning for robot perception in terrestrial applications. Benchmark datasets enable the widespread development of state-of-the-art machine learning methods, which require large datasets for training, validation, and thorough comparison to competing approaches. Underwater environments impose several operational challenges that hinder efforts to collect large benchmark datasets for marine robot perception. Furthermore, a low abundance of targets of interest relative to the size of the search space leads to increased time and cost required to collect useful datasets for a specific task. As a result, there is limited availability of labeled benchmark datasets for underwater applications. We present the AI4Shipwrecks dataset, which consists of 28 distinct shipwrecks totaling 286 high-resolution labeled side scan sonar images to advance the state-of-the-art in autonomous sonar image understanding. We leverage the unique abundance of targets in Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary in Lake Huron, MI, to collect and compile a sonar imagery benchmark dataset through surveys with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). We consulted with expert marine archaeologists for the labeling of robotically gathered data. We then leverage this dataset to perform benchmark experiments for comparison of state-of-the-art supervised segmentation methods, and we present insights on opportunities and open challenges for the field. The dataset and benchmarking tools will be released as an open-source benchmark dataset to spur innovation in machine learning for Great Lakes and ocean exploration. The dataset and accompanying software are available at https://umfieldrobotics.github.io/ai4shipwrecks/ .
Deep learning image reconstruction for low-kiloelectron volt virtual monoenergetic images in abdominal dual-energy CT: medium strength provides higher lesion conspicuity
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Hu Yangfan , Xing Yue , Wang Lingyun , Li Jianying , Lu Wei , Shi Xiaomeng , Ding Defang , Ge Xiang , Zhang Huan , Yao Weiwu
Published: July 2024

Background

The best settings of deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm for abdominal low-kiloelectron volt (keV) virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) have not been determined.

Purpose

To determine the optimal settings of the DLIR algorithm for abdominal low-keV VMI.

Material and Methods

The portal-venous phase computed tomography (CT) scans of 109 participants with 152 lesions were reconstructed into four image series: VMI at 50 keV using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (Asir-V) at 50% blending (AV-50); and VMI at 40 keV using AV-50 and DLIR at medium (DLIR-M) and high strength (DLIR-H). The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of nine anatomical sites were calculated. Noise power spectrum (NPS) using homogenous region of liver, and edge rise slope (ERS) at five edges were measured. Five radiologists rated image quality and diagnostic acceptability, and evaluated the lesion conspicuity.

Results

The SNR and CNR values, and noise and noise peak in NPS measurements, were significantly lower in DLIR images than AV-50 images in all anatomical sites (all P < 0.001). The ERS values were significantly higher in 40-keV images than 50-keV images at all edges (all P < 0.001). The differences of the peak and average spatial frequency among the four reconstruction algorithms were significant but relatively small. The 40-keV images were rated higher with DLIR-M than DLIR-H for diagnostic acceptance ( P < 0.001) and lesion conspicuity ( P = 0.010).

Conclusion

DLIR provides lower noise, higher sharpness, and more natural texture to allow 40 keV to be a new standard for routine VMI reconstruction for the abdomen and DLIR-M gains higher diagnostic acceptance and lesion conspicuity rating than DLIR-H.
Exploring the impact of excluding intrahepatic segmental vessels on liver stiffness measurement and advanced fibrosis diagnosis using magnetic resonance elastography
Authors: Kim Wook , Hwang Jeong Ah , Min Ji Hye , Lee Sunyoung , Lee Ji Eun , Shin Jaeseung , Jeong Woo Kyoung
Published: July 2024

Background

The impact of excluding intrahepatic segmental vessels from regions of interest (ROIs) on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) via magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) remains uncertain.

Purpose

To determine the effect of excluding intrahepatic segmental vessels from ROIs on LSM obtained from MRE.

Material and Methods

This retrospective analysis included 95 participants who underwent successful two-dimensional gradient recalled-echo MRE before hepatic tumor resection (n = 49) or living liver donation (n = 46). The conventional LSM was determined by manually drawing ROIs on the elastogram within the 95% confidence region, staying 1 cm within the liver capsule and excluding large hilar vessels, the gallbladder, hepatic lesions, and artifacts. In addition, the modified LSM was determined by excluding intrahepatic segmental vessels. LSMs obtained by the two methods were compared with paired sample signed-rank test. Diagnostic performance for advanced fibrosis was calculated and compared using McNemar's test and Delong's test. The stage of hepatic fibrosis was assessed using surgical specimens by the METAVIR system.

Results

The modified LSM was larger than the conventional LSM (2.4 kPa vs. 2.2 kPa in reader 1; 2.7 kPa vs. 2.4 kPa in reader 2; P < 0.001). The modified LSM showed superior sensitivity (0.841 vs. 0.659 in reader 1; 0.864 vs. 0.705 in reader 2; P < 0.05) and area under the curve (0.901 vs. 0.820 in reader 1; 0.912 vs. 0.843 in reader 2; P < 0.05) for detecting advanced fibrosis (≥F3) than conventional LSM.

Conclusion

The exclusion of intrahepatic segmental vessels from ROIs in MRE affected the LSM and enhanced diagnostic performance for advanced fibrosis.
Consecutive assessment of recovery after peripheral nerve injury of the sciatic nerve within the same rat using PET/MRI
Authors: Nam Jung Woo , Song Dawei , Kim Hyung Jun
Published: July 2024

Background

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been reported as effective in diagnosing peripheral nerve injury (PNI). However, there is a lack of studies evaluating different degrees of PNI using PET within the same individual to reduce errors due to interindividual differences.

Purpose

To evaluate the recovery process in the same rat after sciatic nerve injury using PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Material and Methods

Crushing nerve injuries were induced in the left sciatic nerves of six male rats, preserving the right ones. The degree of nerve damage was measured at one, two, three, four, and five weeks postoperatively using three assessment methods: paw withdrawal threshold test ( RevWT); PET ( SUVR); and MRI ( MRSIR). All the representing values of each method are presented as ratio values of the right and left sides in each rat.

Results

Significant gradual recovery of all rats was observed over time in all the methods. No significant differences in RevWT and MRSIR were observed between before and more than four weeks after injury, whereas a significant difference in SUVR was still observed between before and five weeks after injury ( P = 0.0007). The parameters of all methods decreased significantly over time ( P = 0.000, all), and the explanatory power was significant in RevWT, SUVR, and MRSIR.

Conclusion

PET and MRI could be valuable non-invasive techniques for diagnosing neuropathic pain resulting from PNI. PET/MRI would be expected to be a more accurate and informative diagnostic tool for PNI than MRI alone.
Comprehensive assessment of rock glaciers in the Himachal Himalayas: Updated inventory and labelling
Authors: Dash Alka , Pradhan Ipshita Priyadarsini , Mahanta Kirti Kumar , Tiwari Nishant , Shukla Dericks Praise
Published: July 2024

Rock glaciers are geomorphological features often used as a visible expression of mountain permafrost. These are creeping ice-debris with distinct ridge and furrow structures on the surface with a steep frontal slope. Rock glaciers, being the valuable past permafrost indicators, also have utmost hydrological significance in near future. Therefore, mapping of rock glaciers is an important step in order to understand permafrost regimes better. The Himalayas have large occurrences of these features and this study in Himachal Himalayas complied 789 rock glaciers, covering an area of about 336.2 km2. Different labels based on genesis, location, shape, form, surface relief and activity revealed rock glaciers were mainly derived from talus slopes (239) and exhibited tongue shape (377), primarily found in cirques (531). Most of them were classified as simple units (603) with well-developed surface relief (387), and they were found to be predominantly intact (760). The topographical parameters suggest majority of the rock glaciers are located between 4000 and 4800 m with mean elevation to be 4635 m. These rock glaciers are present at gentle to steep slope gradient (0 to 45°) with curvature ranging between −3.5 and 4.5, and majority showing convex curvature. The slope aspect conducive for formation of rock glaciers in Himachal is northerly (N, NW, NE). Principal geology for these rock glaciers belongs to slate, phyllite, quartzarenite, limestone and meta basics. The climatic parameters and indices also affect the rock glaciers occurrence significantly. The mean land surface temperature (LST) for majority rock glaciers lies between 0 and −15°C. While, the mean NDSI of all the rock glaciers varies from 0.04 to 0.68 and mean NDVI varies from −0.06 to 0.08. Overall, the inventory along with labels is a valuable database for understanding the distribution and characteristics of rock glaciers in the Himachal Himalayas.
Minimal important difference of the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS): Longitudinal data from the DMKG Headache Registry
Authors: Ruscheweyh Ruth , Förderreuther Stefanie , Freilinger Tobias , Gaul Charly , Goßrau Gudrun , Jürgens Tim Patrick , Kraya Torsten , Neeb Lars , Ruschil Victoria , Scheidt Jörg , Dresler Thomas
Published: July 2024

Background

The Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) is widely used. However, there are limited data on how much a reduction in the MIDAS score indicates a change that matters to the patient.

Methods

Data from the DMKG (i.e. German Migraine and Headache Society) Headache Registry were used to determine the minimal important difference (MID) of the MIDAS, using the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) as anchor and applying average change and receiver operating characteristic curve methods.

Results

In total, 1218 adult migraine patients (85.6% female, 40.2 ± 12.8 years, baseline MIDAS 44.2 ± 47.4, follow-up MIDAS 36.5 ± 45.3) were included. For patients with baseline MIDAS >20 (MIDAS grade IV, n = 757), different methods using PGIC “somewhat improved” as anchor yielded percent change MIDs of the MIDAS between −29.4% and −33.2%. For baseline MIDAS between 6 and 20 (grades II and III, n = 334), using PGIC “much improved” as anchor, difference change MIDs were between −3.5 and −4.5 points.

Conclusions

Based on the above results, we estimated the MID of the MIDAS at −30% for patients with a baseline MIDAS >20, and at −4 points for those with a baseline MIDAS of 6–20, for a tertiary headache care population.

Trial Registration

The DMKG Headache Registry is registered with the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS 00021081).
Leveraging Peer Resources to Promote Undergraduate Education and Well-being
Authors: Brunnermeier Smita
Published: July 2024

Princeton University is a private research university with approximately 250–280 juniors and seniors majoring in economics. In the past decade, the university has made significant strides in expanding and diversifying its undergraduate student body by admitting more students overall as well as by admitting more first-generation, minority, transfer, and international students. With this expansion comes the responsibility to build community and broaden access to valuable social and knowledge capital to help all students thrive in their academic and post-graduation careers. Traditionally, there has been an uneven playing field in access to such capital, with insiders passing academic, career, and social advice to younger students in restricted access circles like athletic teams, eating clubs, student organizations, and fraternities. This paper describes university, economics department, and student-led efforts to foster peer mentorship more broadly to promote the academic and social well-being of all students.
Validation francophone de la CASIG-rev – un outil clinique visant à soutenir le rétablissement des personnes avec un trouble psychiatrique: French validation of the CASIG-rev – a clinical personal recovery assessment for people with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Lecomte Tania , Heyden Isabelle , Raffard Stéphane , Khazaal Yasser , Livet Audrey , Power Paméla , Roy Marc-André , Abdel-Baki Amal , Corbière Marc
Published: July 2024

Résumé

Objectif

Il existe peu d'outils capables de mesurer le rétablissement des individus présentant des troubles mentaux en tenant compte des différentes dimensions du rétablissement. Cependant, le rétablissement englobe plusieurs objectifs au niveau de l'autonomie, des relations interpersonnelles positives, de la santé mentale et physique, de l'acceptation de soi, du domaine professionnel, ainsi que de la conception d'un projet de vie. Une équipe d'intervenants et de chercheurs provenant de quatre pays (Canada, Belgique, France et Suisse) a adapté l'outil CASIG dans le but de mesurer de façon plus précise ces différents aspects du rétablissement personnel. Cette étude a pour but de valider la version révisée de la CASIG (CASIG-rev) en français.

Méthode

Un total de 272 individus ont été recrutés en ligne pour répondre à la CASIG-rev, ainsi qu'à la mesure du bien-être de Ryff, la Recovery Assessment Scale, et le WHODAS. Un sous-groupe a répondu de nouveau à la CASIG-rev après un mois (pour la stabilité temporelle), puis à six mois (pour la sensibilité au changement).

Résultats

L'analyse factorielle confirmatoire suggère un modèle à cinq facteurs, très similaire au modèle initial proposé. La validité de convergence a été démontrée entre les sous-échelles des outils mesurant des concepts similaires, et la fidélité test-retest a été prouvée pour la majorité des échelles. La version révisée de la CASIG semble également sensible aux changements cliniques ou de rétablissement, notamment au niveau du projet de vie.

Conclusion

Cette étude appuie l'utilisation de la CASIG-rev en français pour mesurer le rétablissement des personnes souffrant de troubles psychiques, ainsi que pour soutenir les intervenants dans l'évaluation de leurs programmes et interventions. Les limites de l'étude ainsi que la pertinence de cet outil sont aussi présentées. Une validation anglaise de l’outil est en cours.
Comparing the Efficacy of Electronically Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (e-CBT) to Weekly Online Mental Health Check-Ins for Generalized Anxiety Disorder—A Randomized Controlled Trial: Comparaison de l'efficacité de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale délivrée par voie électronique (e-TCC) aux contrôles hebdomadaires en ligne de santé mentale pour le trouble d'anxiété généralisée - un essai randomisé contrôlé
Authors: Chermahini Melinaz Barati , Eadie Jazmin , Agarwal Anika , Stephenson Callum , Malakouti Niloufar , Nikjoo Niloofar , Jagayat Jasleen , Jarabana Vineeth , Shirazi Amirhossein , Kumar Anchan , Gizzarelli Tessa , Gutierrez Gilmar , Khan Ferwa , Patel Charmy , Yang Megan , Omrani Mohsen , Alavi Nazanin
Published: July 2024

Background

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable worry, trouble sleeping, muscle tension, and irritability. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is one of the first-line treatments that has demonstrated high efficacy in reducing symptoms of anxiety. Electronically delivered CBT (e-CBT) has been a promising adaptation of in-person treatment, showing comparable efficacy with increased accessibility and scalability. Finding further scalable interventions that can offer benefits to patients requiring less intensive interventions can allow for better resource allocation. Some studies have indicated that weekly check-ins can also lead to improvements in GAD symptoms. However, there is a lack of research exploring the potential benefits of online check-ins for patients with GAD.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the effects of weekly online asynchronous check-ins on patients diagnosed with GAD and compare it with a group receiving e-CBT.

Methods

Participants ( n e-CBT = 45; n check-in = 51) with GAD were randomized into either an e-CBT or a mental health check-in program for 12 weeks. Participants in the e-CBT program completed pre-designed modules and homework assignments through a secure online delivery platform where they received personalized feedback from a trained care provider. Participants in the mental health check-in condition had weekly asynchronous messaging communication with a care provider where they were asked structured questions with a different weekly theme to encourage conversation.

Results

Both treatments demonstrated statistically significant reductions in GAD—7-item questionnaire (GAD-7) scores over time, but when comparing the groups there was no significant difference between the treatments. The number of participants who dropped out and baseline scores on all questionnaires were comparable for both groups.

Conclusions

The findings support the effectiveness of e-CBT and mental health check-ins for the treatment of GAD.

Plain Language Summary Title

Comparing the Effectiveness of Electronically Delivered Therapy (e-CBT) to Weekly Online Mental Health Check-ins for Generalized Anxiety Disorder—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy and Safety of Modafinil for Treatment of Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials: Efficacité et innocuité du modafinil pour le traitement des troubles liés à l'usage de stimulants de type amphétamine : revue systématique et méta-analyse d'essais randomisés contrôlés par placebo
Authors: Elkrief Laurent , Sharafi Heidar , Bakouni Hamzah , McAnulty Christina , Bastien Gabriel , Dubreucq Simon , Garel Nicolas , Trépanier Annie , Ziegler Daniela , Jutras-Aswad Didier
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATSs) are related to significant harm worldwide, with limited effective pharmacological treatments for ATS use disorder (ATSUD). Modafinil has been explored as a potential treatment for ATSUD. This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023388487) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modafinil for the treatment of ATSUD.

Methods

A comprehensive search of major indexing sources and trial registries, from inception to search date, was conducted on February 15, 2023, and updated on October 31, 2023. Eligible studies were randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of modafinil in individuals meeting the criteria for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth and fifth editions, diagnoses of ATSUD. Eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias, using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. The primary outcome included the effect of modafinil on ATS use. Secondary outcomes included retention in treatment, ATS craving, treatment discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs), and serious AEs. Subgroup analysis by modafinil dose was conducted where appropriate. Risk ratio (RR) or Peto's odds ratio (OR) was calculated for the meta-analysis of dichotomous variables and standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated for the random-effect meta-analysis of continuous variables.

Results

Five RCTs ( N = 451 participants) were included. Modafinil did not significantly impact ATS use (RR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.02; p = 0.655), retention in treatment (RR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.14; p = 0.799), ATS craving (SMD = −0.36; 95% CI, −1.19 to 0.47; p = 0.398), or treatment discontinuation due to AEs (Peto's OR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.20 to 1.14; p = 0.100). These results were consistent across subgroup analyses. More episodes of serious AEs were reported in the modafinil group than in the placebo group, at higher doses (Peto's OR = 4.80; 95% CI, 1.18 to 19.56, p = 0.029).

Conclusion

There is currently no evidence suggesting that modafinil has a statistically significant effect on efficacy outcomes in populations with ATSUD. Continued research into effective treatments and harm reduction strategies for ATSUD is essential.
An in-depth investigation into the utilization of nettle fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with embedded MgO nanoparticles
Authors: Raja Thandavamoorthy , Devarajan Yuvarajan , Logesh Kamaraj , Rajiv Asha , Jagdish Upadhye Vijay , Tiwari Kuldeep
Published: July 2024

The present work thoroughly examines the possible utilization of nettle fiber reinforced MgO nanoparticles filled epoxy composite as a viable and environmentally friendly alternative for engineering applications. The experimental investigations included various mechanical, structural, and thermal examinations, incorporating tests such as tensile, flexural, Izod impact, and Shore D hardness tests. Also, the composite was analyzed using advanced characterization techniques to determine its morphological and chemical properties. The findings demonstrated improved mechanical properties are tensile strength (36.23 MPa) and flexural strength (40.13 MPa), Izod impact strength (15 kJ/m2), and Shore D hardness (64) indicating the potential of the composite material for use in load-bearing applications. Scanning Electron Microscopic images elucidated a uniform dispersion of MgO nanoparticles, while elemental analysis, X-ray Diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy confirmed their successful integration within the epoxy matrix. Thermal evaluations recorded significant improvements in heat deflection temperature and thermal conductivity, accompanied by a reduced coefficient of linear thermal expansion, indicating the composite’s ability to withstand and dissipate heat efficiently. Also, it contains the antibacterial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusively, the nettle fiber reinforced MgO nanoparticles-filled epoxy composite demonstrates significant value as an environmentally sustainable and mechanically robust material for various engineering and biomedical applications.
Attitudes Toward Body-Worn Cameras in a Prosecutor's Office: An Application of the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Koen Marthinus C. , Willis James J. , Roubanian Gabirelle
Published: July 2024

In comparison with scholarship on law enforcement, much is unknown about the downstream effects of body-worn camera (BWC) footage on prosecutors, some of the most powerful actors in the criminal justice system. This study applies the technology acceptance model to 35 semistructured qualitative interviews conducted at the Coruscant County Prosecutor's Office (a pseudonym). Its purpose is to understand some of the key factors that contributed to camera footage's ease of use and prosecutors’ perceptions of its usefulness. Collaboration with local police departments on BWC implementation and the creation of convenient storage and sharing options seemed to contribute to positive impressions of its utility. The policy implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Integrating Christian Faith and Creation Care Through an Experiential Workshop
Authors: Shaw Sally
Published: July 2024

The global environmental crisis challenges churches and parachurch groups to provide effective creation care education. There are few theory-based and practical approaches enabling Christians as global citizens to respond constructively to this crisis. This article reports the outcomes of an applied research project to design and trial an arts-based experiential workshop which enabled evangelical Christians to connect creation care practice more deeply to their faith. The workshop template is suitable for churches and parachurch groups.
Healthcare procurement in the race to net-zero: Practical steps for healthcare leadership
Authors: Lavoie Declan C. T. , Maraj Anika , Wong Gigi Y. C. , Parascandalo Fiona , Sergeant Myles
Published: July 2024

Although it is challenging to assess the greenhouse gas emission footprint associated with individual products and services, health leaders can play a pivotal role in emissions reduction by understanding and utilizing available tools and certifications that measure suppliers’ operational environmental performance. Integrating environmental standards into procurement and supplier selection has the potential to greatly impact emissions production across the healthcare landscape as it will pressure suppliers to improve their operations in order to be selected. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of the supply chain in addressing healthcare-related greenhouse gas emissions. We provide an overview of the types of tools available that can be used to evaluate the carbon footprints of individual companies and rate their performances, as well as certifications that formally recognize companies’ sustainability practices and commitments.
Psycho-social Stressors Experienced by Young war Refugees in Developed Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Metersky Kateryna , Jordan Adam , Al-Hamad Areej , El-Masri Maher
Published: July 2024

Background

Refugees escaping political unrest and war are an especially vulnerable group. Arrival in high-income countries (HICs) is associated with a ‘new type of war’, as war refugees experience elevated rates of psycho-social and daily stressors.

Purpose

The purpose of this scoping review is to examine literature on psycho-social stressors amongst young war refugees in HICs and impact of stressors on intergenerational transmission of trauma within parent-child dyads. The secondary objectives are to identify the pre-migration versus post-migration stressors and provide a basis to inform future research projects that aim to lessen the burden of stress and inform evidence-based improvements in this population.

Methods

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Scoping Review Extension (PRISMA-ScR) guided the reporting of this review that was performed using a prescribed scoping review method. Extracted from five databases, 23 manuscripts published in 2010 or later met the inclusion criteria.

Results

Three themes emerged: pre-migration stressors, migration journey stressors and uncertainty, and post-migration stressors. While post-migration environments can mitigate the health and well-being of war refugees, socio-cultural barriers that refugees often experience at the host country prevent or worsen their psycho-social recovery.

Conclusion

To assist the success of war refugees in HICs, therapeutic interventions must follow an intersectional approach and there needs to be a wider application of trauma informed models of care. Findings of this review may help inform future intervention studies aiming to improve the psycho-social health of this population.
Lifestyle Behaviors and Needs After Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Qualitative Assessment
Authors: Sauls Rachel M. , Buro Acadia W. , Brown Nashira , Riccardi Diane , Mallory Melissa , Hoover Susan , Laronga Christine , Pabbathi Smitha , Carson Tiffany L.
Published: July 2024

Purpose

There is a need to gain a deeper understanding of facilitators and barriers involving lifestyle behaviors among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Design: Research team explored influences (e.g., social, cultural, environmental) for healthy lifestyle behaviors (nutrition, physical activity (PA), and self-care).

Method

One researcher conducted semi-structured interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. Demographic data were collected via survey, and descriptive statistics were generated. 

Setting

Patients were recruited, and interviews conducted via Zoom or phone.

Participants

Twenty-eight newly diagnosed, treatment naïve breast cancer patients were interviewed, a majority were non-Hispanic White women (n=23; 82%) with invasive (n=14; 50%) breast cancer.

Results

Themes related to nutrition, PA, and self-care emerged, including influences (e.g., environmental, cultural, social), barriers, facilitators, and lived experiences. Most patients stressed the importance of maintaining healthy eating habits (n=23), and some were interested in understanding the relationship between nutrition and cancer (n=7). Sixteen reported sustaining their PA levels, while others (n=11) explained barriers, such as time, distance, and pain. All patients reported utilizing self-care strategies, and most reported increased engagement in self-care since being diagnosed (n=14).

Conclusion

This study sheds light on factors influencing and hindering the adoption of healthy eating, PA, and self-care strategies among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. The findings reflect the importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors as critical areas for upstream intervention.
Vaccine Uptake and Perspectives Among Latina Immigrant Mothers in Rural Communities in a Midwestern State
Authors: Hassane Dan Karami Na-Omi , Greder Kimberly , Bao Juan , Kim Dahee , Russell Daniel
Published: July 2024

Purpose

Examine the prevalence of and characteristics related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

Design

Quantitative and qualitative data collected at two-time points via phone interviews.

Setting

Rural Midwestern communities.

Sample

109 Latina mothers with incomes < 185% FPL, at least one child < age 12 recruited from a Midwestern state based on two previous studies.

Measures

Mothers responded to the following variables through a survey: Vaccine uptake measured by responses to, Have you received a vaccination shot for COVID-19. Tested predictors of vaccine uptake included: income, gender, education, immigration status, confidence in vaccine, belief the pandemic is over). Mothers’ perspectives regarding the vaccine explored via responses to Why haven’t you received COVID-19 vaccine?.

Analysis

Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted. Demographic variables and attitudes toward the vaccine served as predictors of mothers’ vaccine uptake. Qualitative data were analyzed to shed light on mothers’ perspectives on receiving the vaccine.

Results

Mother’s confidence in the vaccine predicted vaccine uptake in 2021 (aOR=1.332, 95% CI: 1.07-1.65) and 2022 (aOR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.11-1.97). In 2021, income also predicted vaccine uptake (aOR=1; 95% CI: 1-1.002). Overarching themes: “vaccination is not necessary”,“mistrust of the vaccine”, and “vaccine as protector”.

Conclusion

Vaccinated mothers viewed the vaccine as a protection from being infected or gravely ill. For unvaccinated mothers, messages are needed that communicate the vaccine can protect them from virus transmission from household members who unknowingly are infected, as well as from different virus strains.
A Family-Based Approach to Promoting Pediatric Mental Health Recovery in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rodriguez-Hernandez Yulissa , Horney Jennifer A. , Burke Rita V.
Published: July 2024

Objective

The purpose of this scoping review is to identify strategies from existing literature, for school-based professionals to share with parents, that may be used on a family-level to help the recovery from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric mental health.

Data Source

This scoping review consists of a comprehensive PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar database search.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Studies published between 2020 and 2023 that were written in English, originated in the United States, and evaluated pediatric mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic were considered for inclusion in the scoping review.

Data Extraction and Data Synthesis

One researcher independently conducted the PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar literature search. Subsequently, results were reviewed independently by two additional researchers.

Results

Title and abstract review were conducted for 2563 articles. After excluding studies not written in English, studies with international origin, and studies which were not relevant to this scoping review, 101 studies remained for full-text review. After full-text review, 32 studies (31.68%) were deemed relevant and concordant with the inclusion criteria and were included in this scoping review. We identified five prominent themes: 1) maintaining daily life and routines, 2) the importance of physical activity and the pandemic’s effect on student athletes’ mental health, 3) the use of screen time, 4) the effect of parent and caregiver stress on their children’s mental health, and 5) the effect of pandemic-related health disparities and racism on pediatric mental health.

Discussion

This scoping review focused on interventions and practices which can be implemented at the family level to help children and adolescents recover from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health.