bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbial production of high octane and high sensitivity olefinic ester biofuels
Authors: Carruthers David N. , Kim Jinho , Mendez-Perez Daniel , Monroe Eric , Myllenbeck Nick , Liu Yuzhong , Davis Ryan W. , Sundstrom Eric , Lee Taek Soon
Published: April 2023

Background

Advanced spark ignition engines require high performance fuels with improved resistance to autoignition. Biologically derived olefinic alcohols have arisen as promising blendstock candidates due to favorable octane numbers and synergistic blending characteristics. However, production and downstream separation of these alcohols are limited by their intrinsic toxicity and high aqueous solubility, respectively. Bioproduction of carboxylate esters of alcohols can improve partitioning and reduce toxicity, but in practice has been limited to saturated esters with characteristically low octane sensitivity. If olefinic esters retain the synergistic blending characteristics of their alcohol counterparts, they could improve the bioblendstock combustion performance while also retaining the production advantages of the ester moiety.

Results

Optimization of Escherichia coli isoprenoid pathways has led to high titers of isoprenol and prenol, which are not only excellent standalone biofuel and blend candidates, but also novel targets for esterification. Here, a selection of olefinic esters enhanced blendstock performance according to their degree of unsaturation and branching. E. coli strains harboring optimized mevalonate pathways, thioester pathways, and heterologous alcohol acyltransferases (ATF1, ATF2, and SAAT) were engineered for the bioproduction of four novel olefinic esters. Although prenyl and isoprenyl lactate titers were limited to 1.48 ± 0.41 mg/L and 5.57 ± 1.36 mg/L, strains engineered for prenyl and isoprenyl acetate attained titers of 176.3 ± 16.0 mg/L and 3.08 ± 0.27 g/L, respectively. Furthermore, prenyl acetate (20% bRON = 125.8) and isoprenyl acetate (20% bRON = 108.4) exhibited blend properties comparable to ethanol and significantly better than any saturated ester. By further scaling cultures to a 2-L bioreactor under fed-batch conditions, 15.0 ± 0.9 g/L isoprenyl acetate was achieved on minimal medium. Metabolic engineering of acetate pathway flux further improved titer to attain an unprecedented 28.0 ± 1.0 g/L isoprenyl acetate, accounting for 75.7% theoretical yield from glucose.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated novel bioproduction of four isoprenoid oxygenates for fuel blending. Our optimized E. coli production strain generated an unprecedented titer of isoprenyl acetate and when paired with its favorable blend properties, may enable rapid scale-up of olefinic alcohol esters for use as a fuel blend additive or as a precursor for longer-chain biofuels and biochemicals.
Biochemical and structural characterisation of a family GH5 cellulase from endosymbiont of shipworm P. megotara
Authors: Junghare Madan , Manavalan Tamilvendan , Fredriksen Lasse , Leiros Ingar , Altermark Bjørn , Eijsink Vincent G. H. , Vaaje-Kolstad Gustav
Published: April 2023

Background

Cellulases play a key role in the enzymatic conversion of plant cell-wall polysaccharides into simple and economically relevant sugars. Thus, the discovery of novel cellulases from exotic biological niches is of great interest as they may present properties that are valuable in the biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass.

Results

We have characterized a glycoside hydrolase 5 (GH5) domain of a bi-catalytic GH5-GH6 multi-domain enzyme from the unusual gill endosymbiont Teredinibacter waterburyi of the wood-digesting shipworm Psiloteredo megotara. The catalytic GH5 domain, was cloned and recombinantly produced with or without a C-terminal family 10 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM). Both variants showed hydrolytic endo-activity on soluble substrates such as β-glucan, carboxymethylcellulose and konjac glucomannan, respectively. However, low activity was observed towards the crystalline form of cellulose. Interestingly, when co-incubated with a cellulose-active LPMO, a clear synergy was observed that boosted the overall hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose. The crystal structure of the GH5 catalytic domain was solved to 1.0 Å resolution and revealed a substrate binding cleft extension containing a putative + 3 subsite, which is uncommon in this enzyme family. The enzyme was active in a wide range of pH, temperatures and showed high tolerance for NaCl.

Conclusions

This study provides significant knowledge in the discovery of new enzymes from shipworm gill endosymbionts and sheds new light on biochemical and structural characterization of cellulolytic cellulase. Study demonstrated a boost in the hydrolytic activity of cellulase on crystalline cellulose when co-incubated with cellulose-active LPMO. These findings will be relevant for the development of future enzyme cocktails that may be useful for the biotechnological conversion of lignocellulose.
Substituting device-measured sedentary time with alternative 24-hour movement behaviours: compositional associations with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk in the ORISCAV-LUX 2 study
Authors: Collings Paul J. , Backes Anne , Aguayo Gloria A. , Fagherazzi Guy , Malisoux Laurent ,   the ORISCAV-LUX study group
Published: April 2023

Background

There is a considerable burden of sedentary time in European adults. We aimed to quantify the differences in adiposity and cardiometabolic health associated with theoretically exchanging sedentary time for alternative 24 h movement behaviours.

Methods

This observational cross-sectional study included Luxembourg residents aged 18–79 years who each provided  ≥ 4 valid days of triaxial accelerometry (n = 1046). Covariable adjusted compositional isotemporal substitution models were used to examine if statistically replacing device-measured sedentary time with more time in the sleep period, light physical activity (PA), or moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic health markers. We further investigated the cardiometabolic properties of replacing sedentary time which was accumulated in prolonged (≥ 30 min) with non-prolonged (< 30 min) bouts.

Results

Replacing sedentary time with MVPA was favourably associated with adiposity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, insulin, and clustered cardiometabolic risk. Substituting sedentary time with light PA was associated with lower total body fat, fasting insulin, and was the only time-exchange to predict lower triglycerides and a lower apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio. Exchanging sedentary time with more time in the sleep period was associated with lower fasting insulin, and with lower adiposity in short sleepers. There was no significant evidence that replacing prolonged with non-prolonged sedentary time was related to outcomes.

Conclusions

Artificial time-use substitutions indicate that replacing sedentary time with MVPA is beneficially associated with the widest range of cardiometabolic risk factors. Light PA confers some additional and unique metabolic benefit. Extending sleep, by substituting sedentary time with more time in the sleep period, may lower obesity risk in short sleepers.
Lactococcus lactis endocarditis and liver abscess in an immunocompetent patient: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lahlou Wahib , Bourial Abderrahim , Maaouni Taib , Bensaad Ahmed , Bensahi Ilham , Sabry Mohamed , Miguil Mohamed
Published: April 2023

Background

Over the last two decades, several cases of infections caused by Lactococcus lactis have been reported. This Gram-positive coccus is considered non-pathogenic for humans. However, in some rare cases, it can cause serious infections such as endocarditis, peritonitis, and intra-abdominal infections.

Case presentation

A 56-year-old Moroccan patient was admitted to the hospital because of diffuse abdominal pain and fever. The patient had no past medical history. Five days before his admission, he developed abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant along with chills and feverish sensations. Investigations showed a liver abscess, which was drained, and the microbiological study of the pus revealed Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. Three days after admission, control computed tomography objectified splenic infarctions. Cardiac explorations were performed and showed a floating vegetation on the ventricle side of the aortic valve. We retained the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis according to the modified Duke criteria. The patient was declared afebrile on day 5 and the evolution was clinically and biologically favorable. Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, formerly known as Streptococcuscremoris, is a rare cause of human infections. The first case of Lactococcus lactiscremoris endocarditis was reported in 1955. This organism includes three subspecies: lactis, cremoris, and hordniae. A MEDLINE and Scopus search showed only 13 cases of infectious endocarditis due to Lactococcus lactis, with subsp. cremoris identified in four of the cases.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the co-occurrence of Lactococcus lactis endocarditis and liver abscess. Despite its reported low virulence and good response to antibiotic treatment, Lactococcus lactis endocarditis must be considered a serious disease. It is imperative for a clinician to suspect this microorganism of causing endocarditis when they notice signs of infectious endocarditis in a patient with a history of consumption of unpasteurized dairy products or contact with farm animals. The finding of a liver abscess should lead to an investigation of endocarditis, even in previously healthy patients without obvious clinical signs of endocarditis.
Munchausen syndrome by proxy: a case report
Authors: Alkhattabi Fadiah , Bamogaddam Israa , Alsagheir Afaf , Al-Ashwal Abdullah , Alhuthil Raghad
Published: April 2023

Background

Inappropriately high levels of insulin secretion can cause the potentially fatal condition of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. Our paper focuses on another cause of severe hypoglycemia, which can be easily missed.

Case presentation

An 18-month-old Saudi female was referred to our hospital for further investigation and management of her recurrent hypoglycemic attacks as a case of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. During admission, we noticed multiple red flags from the history; the mother was insisting on a pancreatectomy, rather than going for a positron emission tomography scan, and most importantly, all hypoglycemic attacks occurred while the mother was around. Consequently, after further investigation, the case was diagnosed as a caregiver-fabricated illness, and the case was referred to the Child Protection Center.

Conclusions

One must have a high index of suspicion to diagnose caregiver-fabricated illness. Physicians should be more attentive to prevent such a disease, which could eventually become lethal if left unnoticed.
Bridging gut microbiota composition with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Enterobacteriales faecal carriage in critically ill patients (microbe cohort study)
Authors: Prevel Renaud , Enaud Raphaël , Orieux Arthur , Camino Adrian , Sioniac Pierre , M’Zali Fatima , Dubois Véronique , Berger Patrick , Boyer Alexandre , Delhaes Laurence , Gruson Didier
Published: April 2023

Background

The worldwide dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriales (ESBL-E) is of major concern. Microbiota may play a role in the host resistance to colonization with ESBL-E, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We aimed to compare the gut microbiota composition between ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae carriers and ESBL-E non-carriers according to the bacterial species.

Results

Among 255 patients included, 11 (4,3%) were colonized with ESBL-producing E. coli and 6 (2,4%) with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, which were compared with age- and sex-matched ESBL-E non carriers. While no significant differences were found between ESBL-producing E. coli carriers and non-carriers, gut bacteriobiota α-diversity was decreased in ESBL-K. pneumoniae faecal carriers compared both with non-carriers (p = 0.05), and with ESBL-producing E. coli carriers. The presence of Sellimonas intestinalis was associated with the absence of ESBL-producing E. coli fecal carriage. Campylobacter ureolyticus, Campylobacter hominis, bacteria belonging to Clostridium cluster XI and Saccharomyces sp. were associated with the absence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae faecal carriage.

Conclusions

The composition of the gut microbiota differs between ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae faecal carriers suggesting that microbial species should be taken into account when investigating the role of gut microbiota in resistance to gut colonization with ESBL-E.

Trial registration number: NCT04131569, date of registration: October 18, 2019.
On the blow-up criterion for the Hall-MHD problem with partial dissipation in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$
Authors: Du Baoying
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we investigate the 3D incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamics with partial dissipation. Based on the results in (Du in Bound. Value Probl. 2022:6, 2022; Du and Liu in Acta Math. Sci. 42A:5, 2022; Fei and Xiang in J. Math. Phys. 56:051504, 2015), we establish an improved blow-up criterion for classical solutions. Furthermore, using the blow-up criterion, we also obtain the existence of the classical solutions only under the condition that the initial data $\|V_{0}\|_{H^{1}}+\|B_{0}\|_{H^{2}}$

∥

V
0

∥

H
1

+

∥

B
0

∥

H
2

are sufficiently small.
Geo-archaeology, archaeometry, and history of a seismic-endangered historical site in central Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Falcone Francesca , Di Valerio Eugenio , La Salvia Vasco , Rosatelli Gianluigi , Perna Maria Grazia , Bello Simone , Francis Rachel Elaine , Stoppa Francesco
Published: April 2023

Ancient human settlements accumulate essential historical, archaeological, and geological information. An example is the St. Angel Cave, which preserves a Romanesque church and a complex of lustral tubs in the Eastern Maiella Massif (Central Apennines of Italy). Historical chronicles and archaeological data show that the church dates to the 10th–11th century. The archaeometry applied to the ceramic, coin, and wooden artefacts resulting from the excavation established a chronology of the periods of use and abandonment of the St. Angel Cave. The layering of architectural elements, changes in style, and alterations of the church structure account for two collapses. The first could be related to the poorly known 1209 earthquake. In addition, we describe the damage and changes to the structure and the use of space caused probably by the 1706 and 1933 earthquakes.
The microbiome of cereal plants: The current state of knowledge and the potential for future applications
Authors: Michl Kristina , Berg Gabriele , Cernava Tomislav
Published: April 2023

The plant microbiota fulfils various crucial functions related to host health, fitness, and productivity. Over the past years, the number of plant microbiome studies continued to steadily increase. Technological advancements not only allow us to produce constantly increasing datasets, but also to extract more information from them in order to advance our understanding of plant-microbe interactions. The growing knowledge base has an enormous potential to improve microbiome-based, sustainable agricultural practices, which are currently poorly understood and have yet to be further developed. Cereal plants are staple foods for a large proportion of the world’s population and are therefore often implemented in microbiome studies. In the present review, we conducted extensive literature research to reflect the current state of knowledge in terms of the microbiome of the four most commonly cultivated cereal plants. We found that currently the majority of available studies are targeting the wheat microbiome, which is closely followed by studies on maize and rice. There is a substantial gap, in terms of published studies, addressing the barley microbiome. Overall, the focus of most microbiome studies on cereal plants is on the below-ground microbial communities, and there is more research on bacteria than on fungi and archaea. A meta-analysis conducted in the frame of this review highlights microbiome similarities across different cereal plants. Our review also provides an outlook on how the plant microbiota could be harnessed to improve sustainability of cereal crop production.
Pattern of antibiotic use and bacterial co-infection in hospitalized Covid-19 patients
Authors: Zaki Salma Said , Sawaf Gamal El , Ahmed Asmaa AbelHameed , Baess Ayman Ibrahim , Beshey Bassem Nashaat , ELSheredy Amel
Published: April 2023

Background

There is evidence that bacterial co-infection in respiratory viruses leads to morbidity and mortality. Patients with decreased immunity are prone to bacterial co-infection. A lack of judicious use of antibiotics leads to the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR) that have a long-term negative impact. In this study, we attempted to observe the pattern of antibacterial use and its impact on secondary bacterial infection.

Methods

An observational study was conducted at Alexandria Main University Hospital (AMUH) (Alexandria University) from June 2021- February 2022. Study participants were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with confirmed Covid-19 (by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Computed tomography (CT) scan). The following data was collected (Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data).In this study, the Pattern of antibiotic use as well as the occurrence of secondary bacterial infections were reported.

Results

Among 121 patients included in the present study, all received antibiotics empirically. Upon admission (19.8%) showed urinary tract infection, (11.5%) had bloodstream infection, and (57.7%) had respiratory tract infection. After 10 days secondary bacterial infection occurred in 38 patients (61.2%) with (24.1%) Urinary tract infection (UTI), (12.9%) Bloodstream infection (BSI), and (72.2%) respiratory tract infection. The respiratory sample size was (45) patients due to Infection Control (IC) restrictions on the aerosol-producing procedure.

Conclusion

Upon admission, all patients received broad-spectrum antibiotics while the incidence of bacterial co-infection was low.
Antipsychotic treatment patterns in refugees and their Swedish-born peers with first-episode non-affective psychosis: findings from the REMAIN study
Authors: Spaton Goppers Julia , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor , Cullen Alexis E. , Jamil de Montgomery Christopher , Tanskanen Antti , Norredam Marie , Taipale Heidi
Published: April 2023

Background

Previous studies suggest that migrants tend to utilise antipsychotics less often than their native-born peers. However, studies examining antipsychotic use among refugees with psychosis are lacking.

Aims

To compare the prevalence of antipsychotic drug use during the first 5 years of illness among refugees and Swedish-born individuals with a newly diagnosed non-affective psychotic disorder, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with antipsychotic use.

Method

The study population included refugees (n = 1656) and Swedish-born persons (n = 8908) aged 18–35 years during 2007–2018, with incident diagnosis of non-affective psychotic disorder recorded in the Swedish in-patient or specialised out-patient care register. Two-week point prevalence of antipsychotics use was assessed every 6 months in the 5 years following first diagnosis. Factors associated with antipsychotic use (versus non-use) at 1 year after diagnosis were examined with modified Poisson regression.

Results

Refugees were somewhat less likely to use antipsychotics at 1 year after first diagnosis compared with Swedish-born persons (37.1% v. 42.2%, age- and gender-adjusted risk ratio 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95). However, at the 5-year follow-up, refugees and Swedish-born individuals showed similar patterns of antipsychotic use (41.1% v. 40.4%). Among refugees, higher educational level (>12 years), previous antidepressant use and being diagnosed with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder at baseline were associated with an increased risk of antipsychotics use, whereas being born in Afghanistan or Iraq (compared with former Yugoslavia) was associated with decreased risk.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that refugees with non-affective psychotic disorders may need targeted interventions to ensure antipsychotic use during the early phase of illness.
Sex-specific Association Between Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Vascular and Metabolic Complications of Obesity
Authors: Cossins Benjamin C , van den Munckhof Inge , Rutten Joost H W , van der Graaf Marinette , Stienstra Rinke , Joosten Leo A B , Netea Mihai G , Li Yang , Riksen Niels P
Published: April 2023

Context

Adipose tissue (AT) inflammation predisposes to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in obesity.

Objective

To investigate the association between adipocyte size, AT inflammation, systemic inflammation, and metabolic and atherosclerotic complications of obesity in a sex-specific manner.

Design

Cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting

University hospital in the Netherlands.

Participants

A total of 302 adult subjects with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m2.

Main outcome measures

We obtained subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsies and systematically assessed, in a sex-specific manner, associations of several parameters of AT inflammation (including adipocyte size, macrophage content, crown-like structures, and gene expression) to biomarkers of systemic inflammation, leukocyte number and function, and to the presence of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and carotid atherosclerotic plaques, assessed with ultrasound.

Results

Adipocyte size was associated with metabolic syndrome and AT macrophage content with insulin resistance. In contrast, none of the AT parameters was associated with carotid atherosclerosis, although mRNA expression of the anti-inflammatory IL-37 was associated with a lower intima-media thickness. We revealed profound sex-specific differences, with an association between BMI and adipocyte size, and between adipocyte size and metabolic syndrome in men only. Also, only men showed an association between adipocyte size, AT expression of leptin and MCP-1, and AT macrophage numbers, and between AT inflammation (crown-like structure number) and several circulating inflammatory proteins, including high specificity C-reactive protein, and IL-6.

Conclusions

Inflammation in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue is more related to the metabolic than the atherosclerotic complications of obesity, and there are profound sex-specific differences in the association between BMI, adipocyte size, AT inflammation, and systemic inflammation, which are much stronger in men than women.
The Incidence and Predictors of Failed Spinal Anesthesia After Intrathecal Injection of Local Anesthetic for Cesarean Delivery: A Single-Center, 9-Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Jin Sherry Y. , Munro Allana , Aidemouni Milia , McKeen Dolores M. , Uppal Vishal
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

The incidence of failed spinal anesthesia varies widely in the obstetric literature. Although many risk factors have been suggested, their relative predictive value is unknown. The primary objective of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the incidence of failed spinal anesthesia for cesarean deliveries at a tertiary care obstetric hospital, and its secondary objectives were to identify predictors of failed spinal anesthesia in the obstetrics population and quantify their relative importance in a predictive model for failure.

METHODS:

With local institutional ethics committee approval, a retrospective review of our hospital database identified the incidence of failed spinal anesthesia for 5361 cesarean deliveries between 2010 and 2019. We performed a multivariable analysis to assess the association of predictors with failure and a dominance analysis to assess the importance of each predictor.

RESULTS:

The incidence of failed spinal anesthesia requiring an alternative anesthetic was 2.1%, with conversion to general anesthesia occurring in 0.7% of surgeries. Supplemental analgesia or sedation was provided to an additional 2.0% of women. The most important predictors of a failed spinal anesthetic were previous cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR], 11.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.09–18.20; P < .001), concomitant tubal ligation (OR, 8.23; 95% CI, 3.12–19.20; P < .001), lower body mass index (BMI) (kg·m−2, OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90–0.98; P = .005), and longer surgery duration (minutes, OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.03; P = .006). Previous cesarean delivery was the most significant risk factor, contributing to 9.6% of the total 17% variance predicted by all predictors examined.

CONCLUSIONS:

Spinal anesthesia failed to provide a pain-free surgery in 4.1% of our cesarean deliveries. Previous cesarean delivery was the most important predictor of spinal failure. Other important predictors included tubal ligation, lower BMI, and longer surgery duration.
Evolution and immunopathology of chikungunya virus informs therapeutic development
Authors: Henderson Sousa Filipa , Ghaisani Komarudin Amalina , Findlay-Greene Fern , Bowolaksono Anom , Sasmono R. Tedjo , Stevens Craig , Barlow Peter G.
Published: April 2023

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, is an emerging global threat identified in more than 60 countries across continents. The risk of CHIKV transmission is rising due to increased global interactions, year-round presence of mosquito vectors, and the ability of CHIKV to produce high host viral loads and undergo mutation. Although CHIKV disease is rarely fatal, it can progress to a chronic stage, during which patients experience severe debilitating arthritis that can last from several weeks to months or years. At present, there are no licensed vaccines or antiviral drugs for CHIKV disease, and treatment is primarily symptomatic. This Review provides an overview of CHIKV pathogenesis and explores the available therapeutic options and the most recent advances in novel therapeutic strategies against CHIKV infections.
Paracingulin recruits CAMSAP3 to tight junctions and regulates microtubule and polarized epithelial cell organization
Authors: Flinois Arielle , Méan Isabelle , Mutero-Maeda Annick , Guillemot Laurent , Citi Sandra
Published: April 2023

Paracingulin (CGNL1) is recruited to tight junctions (TJs) by ZO-1 and to adherens junctions (AJs) by PLEKHA7. PLEKHA7 has been reported to bind to the microtubule minus-end-binding protein CAMSAP3, to tether microtubules to the AJs. Here, we show that knockout (KO) of CGNL1, but not of PLEKHA7, results in the loss of junctional CAMSAP3 and its redistribution into a cytoplasmic pool both in cultured epithelial cells in vitro and mouse intestinal epithelium in vivo. In agreement, GST pulldown analyses show that CGNL1, but not PLEKHA7, interacts strongly with CAMSAP3, and the interaction is mediated by their respective coiled-coil regions. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy shows that CAMSAP3-capped microtubules are tethered to junctions by the ZO-1-associated pool of CGNL1. The KO of CGNL1 results in disorganized cytoplasmic microtubules and irregular nuclei alignment in mouse intestinal epithelial cells, altered cyst morphogenesis in cultured kidney epithelial cells, and disrupted planar apical microtubules in mammary epithelial cells. Together, these results uncover new functions of CGNL1 in recruiting CAMSAP3 to junctions and regulating microtubule cytoskeleton organization and epithelial cell architecture.
Ventilação protetora na síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo causada pela COVID-19: o manejo do fisioterapeuta
Authors: Fernandes Erika dos Santos , Ramos Taynara Rodrigues , Almeida Taynara Sonia de Freitas , Dos Santos Sánchez Artur Paiva , Morais Marcus César Silva de , Correia Viana Márcia Cardinalle
Published: April 2023

Objetivos: conhecer o manejo do fisioterapeuta relacionado à ventilação protetora em pacientes com SDRA por COVID-19, listando as principais estratégias utilizadas e as barreiras encontradas para sua implementação. Métodos: estudo de campo transversal e descritivo, de caráter quantitativo, realizado no período de outubro de 2021 a abril de 2022, com fisioterapeutas de hospitais públicos e privados, na cidade de Fortaleza, que tivessem experiência com pacientes infectados pela COVID-19. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um formulário online viabilizado pela plataforma Google Forms. Os dados foram tabulados em planilha Microsoft Excel® 2010 e, posteriormente, transferido para o Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®) 20.0, utilizando-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados: participaram 102 fisioterapeutas, 74,5% do gênero feminino. As principais estratégias de ventilação protetora citadas foram: volume corrente de 6 mL/Kg por peso predito, pressão de platô menor que 30 cmH2O e driving pressure menor que 15 cmH2O (93,1%), além da titulação de PEEP (68,6%) e posição prona (64,7%). Manter uma driving pressure menor que 15 cmH2O (57,8%) e discordância profissional (43,1%) foram as principais barreiras encontradas para realização da ventilação protetora. Conclusão: a ventilação protetora configura-se no uso de baixos volumes e pressões, titulação da PEEP e posição prona. A manutenção de driving pressure menor que 15 cmH2O e discordância entre os profissionais na tomada de decisão destacam-se como as principais barreiras.
The role of rehabilitation and anabolic treatment in severe os-teoporosis associated with significant vitamin D deficiency – case report
Authors: Pipernea Roxana , Popa Florina-Ligia , Ciortea Viorela-Mihaela , Irsay Laszlo , Ungur Rodica Ana , Pintea Alina Liliana , Iliescu Mădălina-Gabriela , Cipăian Remus-Călin , Stanciu Mihaela
Published: April 2023

It is well known that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of osteoporosis and that vertebral compressions fractures are a manifestation of osteoporosis. This paper presents the case of a patient with severe osteoporosis associated with vitamin D deficiency who developed over the course of two years multiple vertebral compression fractures. Method: We present the case of a 76-year-old caucasian female diagnosed with osteoporosis and significant vitamin D deficiency who was investigated for mechanical pain and functional deficit at the level of the spine and walking disorders. The patient was hospitalized in our Rehabilitation department twice. At the first hospitalization two years ago, the deficiency of vitamin D was found and the treatment was initiated. During the sec-ond hospitalization, biochemical and radiological investigations were per-formed to establish the diagnosis. Numerous vertebral compression fractures were dis-covered which were not re-vealed in the imaging investigations performed two years earli-er. She underwent symptomatic and appropriate medical rehabilitation treatment. Results and discussion: The evolution was fa-vorable after the hospitalization period, with a decrease in pain and functional deficit, as well as walking improvement. After endocrinological consultation it was decided to initiate therapy with Teriparatide which can decrease the risk of future fractures and reduce the back pain. Con-clusions: Adequate and prompt treatment of vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis is very im-portant to avoid vertebral compression fractures or other complications of this disease. Physical and rehabilitation medicine also plays an important role in management of these patients.
Recovery of post-arthrodesis hand function in the interphalan-geal joint - Case presentation
Authors: Gheorghiță Andrei , Baciu Ramona Felicia , Mucileanu Cezar , Turnea Marius , Rotariu Mariana , Condurache Iustina
Published: April 2023

Objectives. The paper highlights the importance of the kinetic recovery program used to regain post-arthrodesis hand function in the interphalangeal joint. Also, during the paper we will present both the techniques used and the methods applied in order to reduce pain and recover the remaining functional. Materials and method. During the study, a patient with open intra-articular communicative fractures AIFP D3, 4 in the right hand with bone-operated defect was analyzed. The patient was evaluated functionally postoperatively, during the recovery program and at the end of it. Results. During the recovery program, a progress and a good evolution of the hand functionality could be observed. Thus, the patient observed the kinetic program initially established by the physiotherapist and also it was possible to observe the increase of the mobility of the joints in the vicinity of the joints affected by the immobilization of the hand. During the recovery program, a decrease in edema was observed locally and an increase in the strength of the muscles of the hand. Conclusions. The physiotherapy program used to restore the functionality of the hand following arthrodesis at the level of the interphalangeal joints must be preceded by an appropriate evaluation and must include techniques adapted to the patient's abilities. An essential condition is a good collaboration between patient-physiotherapist-orthopedic surgeon, so that complications and recurrences can be avoided.
O RACIOCÍNIO ALGÉBRICO E A FORMAÇÃO HÍBRIDA DE PROFESSORES QUE ENSINAM MATEMÁTICA: o poder dos símbolos
Authors: Oliveira Caio , Magina Sandra
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar tarefas elaboradas por professores polivalentes no âmbito de um estudo que envolveu a formação continuada, para trabalhar conceitos algébricos elementares. O estudo se situa na interseção da Early Algebra, do Ensino Híbrido e da Formação de professores. Desenvolveu-se um curso de formação continuada para nove professoras que ensinam Matemática, nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, matriculadas em uma disciplina de um curso de mestrado em Educação de uma universidade pública do estado da Bahia. Para efeito deste artigo, a discussão centrou-se em um conceito fundamental para o estudo da Álgebra: o símbolo. Os dados foram produzidos em dois ambientes (AVA REPARE e sala de aula) e se compuseram de: fóruns de discussão, discussão na elaboração de situações-problema e exposições das situações. Os resultados apontam para as reflexões realizadas pelas professoras-cursistas, as quais conduziu para uma (trans)formação em suas práticas pedagógicas. A interatividade do AVA REPARE proporcionou uma pluralidade de dados, trocas de experiências e de ricas informações entre as professoras-cursistas. E, também, o estudo evidencia que o curso realizado mostrou ser um modelo rico e inovador para a formação em serviço de professores que atuam nessa etapa da Educação Básica.
“NOVAS FORMAS DE APRENDER” PARA ENSINAR MATEMÁTICA: EXPERIÊNCIAS FORMATIVAS COM ESTUDANTES DE PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Grilo Jaqueline De Souza Pereira , Costa Wedeson Oliveira
Published: April 2023

O artigo socializa os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo descrever as experiências formativas compartilhadas com discentes de Pedagogia que estiveram envolvidas em “novas formas de aprender” para ensinar Matemática. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa que investigou a prática pedagógica estabelecida entre professores e estudantes em componentes curriculares que tratam dos Fundamentos da Matemática no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia e os relatos das experiências formativas das estudantes em tal componente. Para tanto, a pesquisa baseou a produção dos dados em observações da prática pedagógica e em entrevistas realizadas com as estudantes após a conclusão do componente curricular. Os dados apontaram que as “novas formas de aprender” para ensinar Matemática privilegiam a articulação entre teoria e prática, com foco no uso de materiais manipuláveis e na construção de diferentes soluções, no intuito de ampliar o repertório das estudantes quanto às estratégias que podem ser utilizadas ao ensinar Números e Operações que se voltam para investigações e explorações matemáticas que possibilitam a ressignificação dos conteúdos.
Contribuições da pós-graduação brasileira em educação às pedagogias decoloniais
Authors: Dias Alder De Sousa , Abreu Waldir Ferreira de
Published: April 2023

O artigo tematiza as pedagogias decoloniais. Analisa contribuições conceituais às pedagogias decoloniais em produções stricto sensu dos programas de pós-graduação em Educação brasileiros. Adota-se o pensamento decolonial como referencial teórico principal. A ancoragem epistemológica do presente artigo está no método analético dusseliano, em perspectiva decolonial. Metodologicamente, o artigo se sustenta em uma abordagem de predominância qualitativa. Tipologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa decolonial, delineada na medida de uma aproximação com a pesquisa do tipo estado do conhecimento e com a pesquisa bibliográfico-documental. Entre os resultados, destacam-se que obras oriundas da Rede Modernidade/Colonialidade se fazem basilares para as contribuições conceituais brasileiras sobre as pedagogias decoloniais, que o Brasil tem contribuído com o debate sobre as pedagogias decoloniais, principalmente a partir de releituras da educação popular em chave decolonial. Conclui-se, constatando-se abordagens originais como uma perspectiva de pedagogia feminista decolonial e criação de conceitos, como a Pedagogia do Sul e a Pedagogia das Encruzilhadas.
Formação docente antirracista, pluriepistêmica, descolonizadora de saberes, interseccional é possível?
Authors: Peixoto Fabiana De Lima
Published: April 2023

As reflexões teórico-metodológicas deste ensaio são frutos de pesquisa de pós-doutorado em desenvolvimento, cuja pretensão tem sido tanto compreender as recentes licenciaturas  de currículo interdisciplinar, intercultural e pluriepistêmico, decorrentes de políticas públicas inclusivas de expansão e interiorização das universidades públicas, quanto articular um currículo possível para Licenciatura Interdisciplinar em Antirracismo, Diversidade e Ecologia Saberes, em solidariedade com sujeitos e sujeitas de territórios educacionais negros e indígenas. A intenção é que, a partir de contextos reais de licenciaturas existentes, seja possível articular currículo para um curso de formação docente que contemple a diversidade étnico-racial, a pluriepistemicidade e práticas antirracistas no currículo, nos fluxos pedagógicos e na gestão dos processos formativos. Para tanto, os protocolos metodológicos têm implicado abertura e escuta, a partir de metodologias decoloniais e colaborativas, com a/os sujeita/os pertencentes a territórios educacionais negros e indígenas, bem como com sujeita/os pertencentes a cursos de licenciaturas interdisciplinares, interculturais, pluriepistêmicos.
Abandono afetivo de criança e processo de aprendizagem escolar
Authors: Silva Fernando De Almeida , Fornasier Rafael Cerqueira
Published: April 2023

O artigo sobre o abandono afetivo de criança e processos de aprendizagem escolar tem como objetivo descrever o abandono afetivo na perspectiva interdisciplinar (ciências humanas, ciências sociais aplicadas e biológicas) e identificar as possíveis consequências na aprendizagem escolar infantil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que propõe realizar uma revisão de literatura (empírica e não-empírica) em obras e autores contemporâneos, ressaltando a importância do complexo afetivo para o desenvolvimento pessoal e social das pessoas. Considerando que a maioria dos casos de abandono no Brasil está relacionada às condições de vulnerabilidade socioeconômicas das famílias, conforme indicadores sociais apresentados na pesquisa, o estudo indica que o exercício da não-afetividade, negligência ou abandono afetivo incidem negativamente no desenvolvimento humano, causando danos irreparáveis em todas as etapas que constituem o processo de aprendizagem escolar.
A pesquisa como princípio educativo em aulas de ciências e matemática na educação básica
Authors: Pícoli Gabriela Dos Santos , Ferraro José Luís
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho buscou compreender as percepções de professores de Ciências e Matemática acerca da pesquisa como princípio educativo em aulas on-line na Educação Básica. Os participantes foram professores/cursistas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu de uma universidade privada, de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. O instrumento de coleta adotado foi um questionário com perguntas abertas e o tratamento dos dados foi realizado utilizando Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) – que resultou nas categorias emergentes: I) pesquisa como princípio educativo; II) o papel do professor frente à pesquisa nas aulas on-line; III) implicações da pesquisa na aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento dos estudantes; e IV) desafios enfrentados nas aulas on-line. A partir disto, concluiu-se que os docentes compreendem a pesquisa em sala de aula como estratégia que necessita estar inserida no planejamento, pois acreditam que ela potencializa a prática pedagógica ao promover experiências investigativas que descentram a relação educativa, conferindo mais protagonismo aos estudantes.
Avaliação pedagógica de alunos com deficiência intelectual no atendimento educacional especializado
Authors: Valentim Fernanda Oscar Dourado , Oliveira Anna Augusta Sampaio de
Published: April 2023

A avaliação pedagógica deve ter lugar de destaque nos processos de ensino do aluno com deficiência intelectual já que, por meio dela, é possível levantar aspectos que podem contribuir para o seu desenvolvimento e sua aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar e analisar como tem se configurado as práticas relacionadas à avaliação pedagógica do aluno com deficiência intelectual, no contexto do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). Foram participantes deste estudo cinco professoras da Educação Especial da rede municipal de educação de uma cidade do estado de São Paulo. O procedimento de coleta de dados utilizado foi de grupo focal. O Software Atlas.Ti 8 foi utilizado para codificação e categorização dos relatos por temas relevantes que se constituíram em unidades de análise discutidas com base na teoria histórico-cultural. Os resultados deste trabalho trazem contribuições para as áreas de estudo em avaliação da pessoa com deficiência intelectual no AEE, além de demonstrarem algumas fragilidades no contexto das práticas avaliativas e, também, a não existência de referenciais ou indicadores sólidos que subsidiem tais práticas.Palavras-chave: avaliação pedagógica; AEE, deficiência intelectual; Educação Especial; Teoria Histórico-Cultural.
A formação inicial de professores de História na perspectiva de gênero
Authors: Masuda Rosimeire Carvalho dos Santos , Dias Carmen Lúcia , Mariano Jorge Luís Mazzeo
Published: April 2023

Este artigo apresenta um recorte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado, cujo objetivo foi investigar em que medida um curso de licenciatura em história de uma instituição de ensino superior privada proporciona a formação de professores sobre os aspectos teóricos e metodológicos na perspectiva de gênero como categoria de análise. Caracteriza-se pela abordagem qualitativa descritiva do tipo estudo de caso com aporte teórico de gênero. O corpus foi auferido por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e pesquisa documental, examinados pela análise textual discursiva. A apreciação do corpus possibilitou a construção de categorias – e suas subcategorias – denominadas gênero e gênero e formação. Os resultados evidenciaram a existência de alguns entraves que limitam a abordagem de gênero no curso de Licenciatura em história da instituição de ensino superior privada investigada, visto que a discussão sobre as relações de gênero se apresenta de forma secundária em algumas disciplinas do curso e não proporciona uma formação adequada para se abordar sobre o tema. A percepção das questões de gênero estabelece uma postura crítica, e reflexiva e, se o profissional da educação não estiver provido de conhecimentos teóricos e metodológicos, pode tornar sua prática imparcial acerca do assunto.
Predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women in Jordan
Authors: Fendi Areej , Alkhaldi Sireen M , Othman Areej , Al-Hamdan Zaid , Alshyyab Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims

Early initiation of breastfeeding is recommended to reinforce breastfeeding practice. This study aimed to investigate factors that influence and predict early initiation of breastfeeding in Jordan.

Methods

A total of 400 mothers attending maternal and child health centers in Amman were selected to participate in this cross-sectional study. The Chi-squared test and logistic regression were used to assess factors that influence and predict early initiation of breastfeeding.

Results

The early initiation of breastfeeding prevalence was 22.3%. Predictors of early initiation among the participants were vaginal birth (odds ratio=4.02, P=0.024), birthing in a government hospital (odds ratio=3.29, P=0.004), receiving breastfeeding counselling (odds ratio=2.75, P=0.007) and receiving breast milk as the first feed (odds ratio=13.69, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Promoting breastfeeding practice in Jordan is necessary. There is an urgent need for national efforts to provide prenatal breastfeeding counselling for pregnant women.
Teaching students how to interpret animal emotions 2: putting research into practice
Authors: Nicholson Sandra L
Published: April 2023

Part one of this article discussed the importance of teaching veterinary nursing students how to interpret animal emotions, and presented educational strategies for the classroom and clinical placements, informed by Herrington and Oliver's ‘Authentic Learning Framework’. However, translating educational strategies into tangible teaching plans may require considerable effort. This article aims to reduce some of the work involved by sharing an authentic teaching design that was used to support veterinary nursing students, in stage two of the University College Dublin's BSc Veterinary Nursing programme, in learning how to interpret animal emotions. Insights into the student learning process gained from analysing the teaching are also discussed, including student engagement (participation), the use of anthropomorphic descriptors, and the students’ strengths and weaknesses in interpreting animal emotions. Future directions for teaching are also considered. This article is an example of how veterinary nursing students can enhance teaching for future cohorts by participating in educational research.
EFICIÊNCIA DE MERCADO, INCERTEZA POLÍTICA ECONÔMICA E O CONTROLE ESTATAL
Authors: Souza Paulo Vitor Souza de , Almeida Dinah Costa , Silva César Augusto Tibúrcio
Published: April 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar como a incerteza política econômica e o controle estatal influenciam o nível de eficiência dos títulos negociados por empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. Para a realização do estudo foram selecionadas 135 companhias que possuem dados referentes a ações negociadas na B3 entre o período de 2010 a 2018, compreendendo assim 1215 observações analisadas. A eficiência dos títulos foi obtida por meio do Expoente de Hurst, e considerada como variável dependente. As variáveis independentes compreenderam a Incerteza Política Econômica e o Controle Estatal. Foram adicionadas variáveis de controle, tais como Inflação, Taxa Básica de Juros e PIB. Para o alcance dos resultados, utilizou-se o método de Regressão com Dados em Painel de forma Agrupada (Pooled). De modo geral, os resultados apontam que: em períodos de incerteza política econômica, as empresas apresentam maior eficiência; e as empresas sob controle estatal tendem a apresentar menor eficiência em seus títulos. Os achados são relevantes por fornecer informações que ajudam na compreensão da eficiência na previsibilidade de retorno de títulos negociados no mercado de capitais brasileiro.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Giraldi Janaina De Moura Engracia
Published: April 2023

Editorial