bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms for Arabic Handwritten Characters
Authors: Sahlol Ahmed.T. , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: April 2017

There are still many obstacles for achieving high recognition accuracy for Arabic handwritten optical character recognition system, each character has a different shape, as well as the similarities between characters. In this chapter, several feature selection-based bio-inspired optimization algorithms including Bat Algorithm, Grey Wolf Optimization, Whale optimization Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm have been presented and an application of Arabic handwritten characters recognition has been chosen to see their ability and accuracy to recognize Arabic characters. The experiments have been performed using a benchmark dataset, CENPARMI by k-Nearest neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and random forests. The achieved results show superior results for the selected features when comparing the classification accuracy for the selected features by the optimization algorithms with the whole feature set in terms of the classification accuracy and the processing time. The experiments have been performed using a benchmark dataset, CENPARMI by k-Nearest neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and random forests. The achieved results show superior results for the selected features when comparing the classification accuracy for the selected features by the optimization algorithms with the whole feature set in terms of the classification accuracy and the processing time.
Telemetry Data Mining Techniques, Applications, and Challenges
Authors: Ahmed Sara , Gaber Tarek , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: April 2017

The most recent rise of telemetry is around the use of Radio-telemetry technology for tracking the traces of moving objects. Initially, the radio telemetry was first used in the 1960s for studying the behavior and ecology of wild animals. Nowadays, there's a wide spectrum application of can benefits from radio telemetry technology with tracking methods, such as path discovery, location prediction, movement behavior analysis, and so on. Accordingly, rapid advance of telemetry tracking system boosts the generation of large-scale trajectory data of tracking traces of moving objects. In this study, we survey various applications of trajectory data mining and review an extensive collection of existing trajectory data mining techniques to be used as a guideline for designing future trajectory data mining solutions.
Enhanced Breast Cancer Diagnosis System Using Fuzzy Clustering Means Approach in Digital Mammography
Authors: Osman Mohammed A. , Darwish Ashraf , Khedr Ayman E. , Ghalwash Atef Z. , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: April 2017

Breast cancer or malignant breast neoplasm is the most common type of cancer in women. Researchers are not sure of the exact cause of breast cancer. If the cancer can be detected early, the options of treatment and the chances of total recovery will increase. Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems can help the researchers and specialists in detecting the abnormalities early. The main goal of computerized breast cancer detection in digital mammography is to identify the presence of abnormalities such as mass lesions and Micro calcification Clusters (MCCs). Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer represent the key for breast cancer control and can increase the success of treatment. This chapter investigates a new CAD system for the diagnosis process of benign and malignant breast tumors from digital mammography. X-ray mammograms are considered the most effective and reliable method in early detection of breast cancer. In this chapter, the breast tumor is segmented from medical image using Fuzzy Clustering Means (FCM) and the features for mammogram images are extracted. The results of this work showed that these features are used to train the classifier to classify tumors. The effectiveness and performance of this work is examined using classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity and the practical part of the proposed system distinguishes tumors with high accuracy.
TAntNet-4
Authors: Ghazy Ayman M. , Hefny Hesham A.
Published: April 2017

Traffic Routing System (TRS) is one of the most important intelligent transport systems which is used to direct vehicles to good routes and reduce congestion on the road network. The performance of TRS mainly depends on a dynamic routing algorithm due to the dynamic nature of traffic on road network. AntNet algorithm is a routing algorithm inspired from the foraging behavior of ants. TAntNet is a family of dynamic routing algorithms that uses a threshold travel time to enhance the performance of AntNet algorithm when applied to traffic road networks. TAntNet-1 and TAntNet-2 adopt different techniques for path update to fast direct to the discovered good route and conserve on this good route. TAntNet-3 has been recently proposed by inspiring the scout behavior of bees to avoid the bad effect of forward ants that take bad routes. This chapter presents a new member in TAntNet family of algorithms called TAntNet-4 that uses two scouts instead of one compared with TAntNet-2. The new algorithm also saves the discovered route of each of the two scouts to use the best of them by the corresponding backward ant. The experimental results ensure the high performance of TAntNet-4 compared with AntNet, other members of TAntNet family.
Color Invariant Representation and Applications
Authors: Ibrahim Abdelhameed , Horiuchi Takahiko , Tominaga Shoji , Hassanien Aboul Ella
Published: April 2017

Illumination factors such as shading, shadow, and highlight observed from object surfaces affect the appearance and analysis of natural color images. Invariant representations to these factors were presented in several ways. Most of these methods used the standard dichromatic reflection model that assumed inhomogeneous dielectric material. The standard model cannot describe metallic objects. This chapter introduces an illumination-invariant representation that is derived from the standard dichromatic reflection model for inhomogeneous dielectric and the extended dichromatic reflection model for homogeneous metal. The illumination color is estimated from two inhomogeneous surfaces to recover the surface reflectance of object without using a reference white standard. The overall performance of the invariant representation is examined in experiments using real-world objects including metals and dielectrics in detail. The feasibility of the representation for effective edge detection is introduced and compared with the state-of-the-art illumination-invariant methods.
MÍDIA E EDUCAÇÃO: PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA NO BRASIL E NA FRANÇA
Authors: Miguel Raquel De Barros Pinto , Rossi Alice Emanuele Zamboni , Scapini Amanda , Kuntze Fabiana Barg , Hainzenreder Bruna , Kotzias Flavia Vieira
Published: April 2017

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a produção acadêmica acerca da relação entre mídia e educação no Brasil e na França. Para tanto, foram elaborados levantamentos em bases de dados brasileiras e francesas, utilizando termos descritores, relacionados ao assunto em questão. Nos levantamentos desenvolvidos, foi possível verificar que, mesmo havendo baixa produção acadêmica sobre o tema tanto no Brasil quanto na França, há relevante diferença quanto à quantidade de trabalhos encontrados nas bases de dados dos dois países. A produção acadêmica francesa sobre mídia-educação apresenta um número expressivamente maior do que aqueles encontrados no Brasil. Assim, por meio da presente pesquisa, foi possível vislumbrar a forma como o tema vem sendo discutido nos dois países. Cabe ressaltar que os temas participação das mídias como auxiliares no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o uso das novas tecnologias na educação estão em pauta tanto nos trabalhos publicados no Brasil quanto na França. É importante, outrossim, destacar a exígua produção acadêmica sobre mídia-educação na área da psicologia em ambos os países. Dessa forma, espera-se que com a apresentação desse panorama seja possível contribuir para a construção e solidificação do campo de estudos sobre a relação entre mídia e educação na área das ciências humanas, especialmente na área da psicologia.
INTERAÇÕES ENTRE MEMÓRIA OPERACIONAL E CRIATIVIDADE: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Remoli Taís Crema , Santos Flávia Heloísa
Published: April 2017

A criatividade e a memória operacional são marcadores de sucesso acadêmico e profissional. Paradoxalmente, estudos correlacionais nem sempre encontram associações entre esses constructos, algumas pesquisas evidenciam associações positivas entre os mesmos, e outras, associações negativas. Provavelmente, os achados contraditórios decorrem de parâmetros distintos, sendo importante identificá-los para uma compreensão mais coerente de tais relações. Assim, esta revisão sistemática de literatura teve como objetivo responder às questões: “Qual a relação entre memória operacional e criatividade? Processos mnemônicos de atualização e de recordação serial interferem igualmente na produção de pensamento convergente ou divergente?” Para tanto, um levantamento com descritores específicos gerou 384 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados da Scopus, Web of Science e Pubmed, dos quais, foram selecionados 15 estudos. Apesar da variabilidade metodológica apresentada entre os estudos selecionados, os resultados encontrados sugerem associações entre memória operacional e criatividade, que se explicam pelos processos atencionais, inibitórios, analíticos e motivacionais envolvidos. A revisão sistemática desses estudos permitiu concluir que as características das tarefas experimentais para estudo da criatividade e de memória operacional utilizadas podem influenciar nos resultados obtidos de tal associação. Depreende-se, também, que a sobrecarga de memória operacional pode prejudicar o desempenho criativo.
Healing and coping with life within challenges of spiritual insecurity: Juxtaposed consideration of Christ’s sinlessness and African ancestors in pastoral guidance
Authors: Magezi Vhumani , Magezi Christopher
Published: April 2017

Spiritual insecurity among African Christians is a huge challenge. The insecurity among other things arises from African people’s former traditional African ancestral world view of ancestral veneration. The ancestors promote or hinder African Christians’ reliance on Christ because they have presupposedly acquired the supernatural power that enables them to provide diagnoses and solutions to life challenges. The inherent problem in the ancestral world view, however, is that the ancestors are both respected and feared by their descendants because they can either bless or harm depending on the state of the relationship between the surviving human beings and the ancestors. The basis of the unpredictable influence of ancestors lies in the fact that they (ancestors) are considered as human beings who carry their human qualities to the spiritual world. In light of this situation, one constructive approach that can be advanced to address the challenges of African Christians’ spiritual insecurity is a proper understanding of Christ as a sinless representative of humanity. This approach maintains that healing and coping with life within the challenge of African spirituality in the context of threatening life issues can be addressed by an appropriate understanding of Christ’s sinlessness. The article argues for the foundational status of Christ as a sinless representative of humanity as the controlling framework. In doing so, Christ’s sinlessness and the sinfulness of natural ancestors are juxtaposed to compare the two ontologies in order to draw some pastoral guidelines for African Christians. This approach pays close attention to the factors and mindset that sustain people who adhere to ancestral worship and assess them through a lens of Christology focusing on Christ’s sinlessness as an exemplary doctrine.
Algebraic and topological structures on rational tangles
Authors: Milani Vida , Mansourbeigi Seyed M.H. , Finizadeh Hossein
Published: April 2017

In this paper we present the construction of a group Hopf algebra on the class of rational tangles. A locally finite partial order on this class is introduced and a topology is generated. An interval coalgebra structure associated with the locally finite partial order is specified. Irrational and real tangles are introduced and their relation with rational tangles are studied. The existence of the maximal real tangle is described in detail.
Digital shy maps
Authors: Boxer Laurence
Published: April 2017

We study properties of shy maps in digital topology.
Contractive definitions and discontinuity at fixed point
Authors: Bisht Ravindra K , Pant R. P.
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we investigate some contractive definitions which are strong enough to generate a fixed point that do not force the mapping to be continuous at the fixed point. Finally, we obtain a fixed point theorem for generalized nonexpansive mappings in metric spaces by employing Meir-Keeler type conditions.
 
A financially stressed euro area
Authors: Kappler Marcus , Schleer Frauke
Published: April 2017

The authors analyse 149 newly compiled monthly time series on financial market stress conditions in the euro area. With the aid of a factor model they find different sources of financial stress that are important for selecting and preparing the appropriate policy response. The existence of a “Periphery Banking Crisis” factor, a “Stress” factor and a “Yield Curve” factor seems to explain the bulk of volatility in recent euro area financial sector data. Moreover, by a real-time forecasting exercise, the authors show that including additional factors—that reflect financial sector conditions—improves forecasts of economic activity at short horizons.
Comparing multiple model-derived aerosol optical properties to spatially collocated ground-based and satellite measurements
Authors: Ocko Ilissa B. , Ginoux Paul A.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Anthropogenic aerosols are a key factor governing Earth's climate and play a central role in human-caused climate change. However, because of aerosols' complex physical, optical, and dynamical properties, aerosols are one of the most uncertain aspects of climate modeling. Fortunately, aerosol measurement networks over the past few decades have led to the establishment of long-term observations for numerous locations worldwide. Further, the availability of datasets from several different measurement techniques (such as ground-based and satellite instruments) can help scientists increasingly improve modeling efforts. This study explores the value of evaluating several model-simulated aerosol properties with data from spatially collocated instruments. We compare aerosol optical depth (AOD; total, scattering, and absorption), single-scattering albedo (SSA), Ångström exponent (α), and extinction vertical profiles in two prominent global climate models (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GFDL, CM2.1 and CM3) to seasonal observations from collocated instruments (AErosol RObotic NETwork, AERONET, and Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization, CALIOP) at seven polluted and biomass burning regions worldwide. We find that a multi-parameter evaluation provides key insights on model biases, data from collocated instruments can reveal underlying aerosol-governing physics, column properties wash out important vertical distinctions, and improved models does not mean all aspects are improved. We conclude that it is important to make use of all available data (parameters and instruments) when evaluating aerosol properties derived by models.
Reevaluating the black carbon in the Himalayan and Tibetan Plateau: concentration and deposition
Authors: Li Chaoliu , Yan Fangping , Kang Shichang , Chen Pengfei , Han Xiaowen , Hu Zhaofu , Zhang Guoshuai , Hong Ye , Gao Shaopeng , Qu Bin , Sillanpää Mika
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is the second most important warming component in the atmosphere after CO2. The BC in the Himalayan and Tibetan Plateau (HTP) has shaped the evolution of the Indian Monsoon and accelerated the retreat of glaciers, thereby resulting in serious consequences for billions of Asian residents. Although a number of related studies of this region have been conducted, the BC concentration and deposition indexes remain poorly understood. Because of the presence of arid environments and the potential influence of carbonates from mineral dust (MD), the reported concentrations of BC from the HTP are overestimated. In addition, large discrepancies in the deposition of BC have been reported from lake cores, ice cores, snowpits and models. Therefore, the actual BC concentration and deposition values in this sensitive region must be determined. A comparison between the BC values of acid (HCl) fumigated and original aerosol samples from the HTP showed that the BC concentrations previously reported for the Namco station (central part of the HTP) and the Everest station (northern slope of the central Himalayas) were overestimated by approximately 47 ± 37 % and 35 ± 26 %, respectively, because of the influence of carbonates from MD. Additionally, the organic carbon (OC) levels were overestimated by roughly 22 ± 10 % and 22 ± 12 % for the same reason. Based on previously reported values from these two areas, we propose that the actual BC concentrations at the Namco and Everest stations are 44 ng m−3 and 164 ng m−3, respectively. Second, a comprehensive comparison of the BC deposition levels obtained via different methods indicated that the BC deposits derived from lake cores of the HTP were mainly caused by river sediments transported from the lake basin as a result of climate change (e.g., increases in temperature and precipitation), and fewer BC deposits were related to atmospheric deposition. Therefore, previously reported BC deposition levels from lake cores overestimated the atmospheric deposition of BC in the HTP. Correspondingly, BC deposition derived from snowpit, ice core and model from the HTP were not only agree very well with each other, but also were close to those of other remote areas (e.g., Arctic), implying that the BC deposits calculated from these three methods reflect the actual values. Therefore, based on reported values of snowpits and ice cores, we propose that the BC deposits of the HTP range from 10 mg m−2 a−1 to 25 mg m−2 a−1, with high and low values appearing along the fringes and central areas of the HTP, respectively. The adjusted BC concentration and deposition values in the HTP observed here are critical for performing accurate evaluations of other indexes of BC such as atmospheric distribution, radiative forcing and chemical transport in the HTP.
A multi-proxy analysis of late Quaternary Indian monsoon dynamics
for the Maldives, Inner Sea
Authors: Bunzel Dorothea , Schmiedl Gerhard , Lindhorst Sebastian , Mackensen Andreas , Reolid Jesús , Romahn Sarah , Betzler Christian
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We present a detailed multi-proxy data record to reveal the late Quaternary changes in marine sedimentation and biogeochemical processes of the upper bathyal Maldives (equatorial Indian Ocean) and how they are related to the benthic ecosystem dynamics. We investigated the sediment core SO-236-052-4 from the central part of the Inner Sea, Maldives, focusing on Fe / Ca and Si / Ca ratios as proxies for terrigenous sediment delivery, as well as Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Ba / Ca ratios as proxies for marine productivity. Benthic foraminiferal fauna distributions, sortable silt records and stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses were used for reconstructing the past ecosystem, as well as changes in the intermediate water circulation, bottom water current velocity and oxygenation. This multi-proxy data record shows an enhanced dust supply during the glacial intervals, represented by increased Fe / Ca and Si / Ca ratios, an overall coarsening of the sediment and increasing amount of agglutinated benthic foraminifera. The enhanced dust fluxes can be attributed to higher dust availability in the Asian desert and loess areas and its transport by intensified winter monsoon winds during glacial conditions. These combined effects of wind-induced mixing of surface waters and dust fertilisation during the cold phases resulted in increased surface water productivity and related organic carbon fluxes. Thus, the development of highly diverse benthic foraminiferal faunas and the distribution of certain detritus and suspension feeders were fostered. The difference in the stable carbon isotope signal between epifaunal and deep infaunal benthic foraminifera reveals intermediate water oxygen concentrations between approximately 40 and 100 μmol kg−1. The pattern of oxygen changes resembles that from the deep Arabian Sea suggesting an expansion of the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) from the Arabian Sea into the tropical Indian Ocean, further controlled by the inflow of the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). The precessional circulation pattern of the bottom water oxygenation is overprinted by glacial-/interglacial changes resulting in a long phase of reduced ventilation during the last glacial period. The latter process is likely linked to the combined effects of generally enhanced oxygen consumption rates during high-productivity phases, reduced AAIW production and restriction of bathyal environments of the Inner Sea of the Maldives during sea-level lowstands. Thus, this multi-proxy record provide a close linkage between the Indian monsoon oscillation, intermediate water circulation, productivity and sea-level changes on orbital time-scale.
Selecting a climate model subset to optimise key ensemble properties
Authors: Herger Nadja , Abramowitz Gab , Knutti Reto , Angélil Oliver , Lehmann Karsten , Sanderson Benjamin M.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. End-users studying impacts and risks caused by human-induced climate change are often presented with large multi-model ensembles of climate projections whose composition and size are arbitrarily determined. An efficient and versatile method that finds a subset which maintains certain key properties from the full ensemble is needed, but very little work has been done in this area. Therefore, users typically make their own somewhat subjective subset choices and commonly use the equally-weighted model mean as a best estimate. However, different climate model simulations cannot necessarily be regarded as independent estimates due to the presence of duplicated code and shared development history. Here, we present an efficient and flexible tool that makes better use of the ensemble as a whole by finding a subset with improved mean performance compared to the multi-model mean while at the same time maintaining the spread and addressing the problem of model interdependence. Out-of-sample skill and reliability are demonstrated using model-as-truth experiments. This approach is illustrated with one set of optimisation criteria but we also highlight the flexibility of cost functions, depending on the focus of different users. The technique is useful for a range of applications that, for example, minimise present day bias to obtain an accurate ensemble mean, reduce dependence in ensemble spread, maximise future spread, ensure good performance of individual models in an ensemble, reduce the ensemble size while maintaining important ensemble characteristics, or optimise several of these at the same time. As in any calibration exercise, the final ensemble is sensitive to the metric, observational product and pre-processing steps used.
Derived Optimal Linear Combination Evapotranspiration
(DOLCE): a global gridded synthesis ET estimate
Authors: Hobeichi Sanaa , Abramowitz Gabriel , Evans Jason , Ukkola Anna
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Accurate global gridded estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) are key to understanding water and energy budgets, as well as being required for model evaluation. Several gridded ET products have already been developed which differ in their data requirements, the approaches used to derive them and their estimates, yet it is not clear which provides the most reliable estimates. This paper presents a new global ET dataset and associated uncertainty with monthly temporal resolution for 2000–2009. Six existing gridded ET products are combined using a weighting approach trained by observational datasets from 159 FLUXNET sites. The weighting method is based on a technique that provides an analytically optimal linear combination of ET products compared to site data, and accounts for both the performance differences and error covariance between the participating ET products. We examine the performance of the weighting approach in several in-sample and out-of-sample tests that confirm that point-based estimates of flux towers provide information at the grid scale of these products. We also provide evidence that the weighted product performs better than its six constituent ET product members in three common metrics. Uncertainty in the ET estimate is derived by rescaling the spread of participating ET products so that their spread reflects the ability of the weighted mean estimate to match flux tower data. While issues in observational data and any common biases in participating ET datasets are limitations to the success of this approach, future datasets can easily be incorporated and enhance the derived product.
Nonparametric lower bounds to mean transit times
Authors: Bardsley Earl
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Mean transit time μT, also called mean residence time, has been used widely in hydrological studies as an indicator of catchment water storage characteristics. Typically μT is estimated by the nature of catchment transformation of a natural input tracer time series. For example, increased damping and delaying of 18O seasonal isotopic variation may be taken to indicate longer mean transit times. Part of a μT estimation process involves specification of a lumped parameter flow model which provides the basis for a parametric transit time distribution. However, μT estimation has been called into question because catchment flow systems have a degree of complexity which may not justify use of simple parametric distributions. Moving toward a related index, the question is raised here as to the extent to which an arbitrary transit time distribution might enable a model mean transit time to be minimized before the fit to catchment output tracer data becomes unacceptably poor. This minimized mean value μ* represents a lower bound to μT, whatever the true transit time distribution might be. The lower bound is not necessarily an approximation to μT but might serve as an index for catchment comparisons or detect when μT is large. For a linear catchment system a simple nonparametric linear programming (LP) approach can be utilised to obtain μ*, which is conditional on a user-specified acceptable level of data fit. The LP method presented is applicable to both steady state and time-varying catchment systems and has the advantage of not requiring specification of lumped parameter models or use of explicit transit time distributions.
Cosmic-ray neutron transport at a forest field site: the sensitivity to various environmental conditions with focus on biomass and canopy interception
Authors: Andreasen Mie , Jensen Karsten H. , Desilets Darin , Zreda Marek , Bogena Heye R. , Looms Majken C.
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron intensity is inversely correlated to all hydrogen present in the upper decimeters of the subsurface and the first few hectometers of the atmosphere above the ground surface. This correlation forms the base of the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method. The method is, however, complicated by the fact that several hydrogen pools other than soil moisture affect the neutron intensity. In order to improve the cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture estimation method and explore the potential for additional applications, knowledge about the environmental effect on cosmic-ray neutron intensity is essential (e.g., the effect of vegetation, litter layer and soil type). In this study the environmental effect is examined by performing a sensitivity analysis using neutron transport modeling. We use a neutron transport model with various representations of the forest and different parameters describing the subsurface to match measured height profiles and time series of thermal and epithermal neutron intensities at a field site in Denmark. Overall, modeled thermal and epithermal neutron intensities are in satisfactory agreement with measurements; however, the choice of forest canopy conceptualization is found to be significant. Modeling results show that the effect of canopy interception, soil chemistry and dry bulk density of litter and mineral soil on neutron intensity is small. On the other hand, the neutron intensity decreases significantly with added litter-layer thickness, especially for epithermal neutron energies. Forest biomass also has a significant influence on the neutron intensity height profiles at the examined field site, altering both the shape of the profiles and the ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratio. This ratio increases with increasing amounts of biomass, and was confirmed by measurements from three sites representing agricultural, heathland and forest land cover. A much smaller effect of canopy interception on the ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratio was modeled. Overall, the results suggest a potential to use ground-level thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratios to discriminate the effect of different hydrogen contributions on the neutron signal.
Assessment of the Concentration of Inorganic Chemical Elements in the Pollution Status of Water Boreholes in Awka- Anambra Sedimentary Basin, Se, Nigeria
Authors: A. Onunkwo A. , O. Onyekuru S. , D. Opara K. , Ikechukwu Uche F.
Published: April 2017

Since Awka town was made the capital of Anambra State, population growth, innumerable industries and other new land uses have been on the increase. There is the fear that inorganic geochemical elements may have contaminated the groundwater making it unfit for consumption. This research is thus intended to estimate the magnitude to which borehole waters and by extension the groundwater system in the area have been contaminated. Six borehole water samples were collected and analysed for inorganic geochemical elements. The parameters analysed were colour, acidity, pH, conductivity, total dissolved and suspended solids (TDS and TSS). Others are nitrate (NO3), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), phosphate (PO43) copper (Cu2+), lead (Pb2+), cadmium (Cd2+), zinc (Zn2+), iron (Fe2+), total hardness (calcium hardness and magnesium hardness) (total hardness) and alkalinity. The analyses were conducted with appropriate geochemical equipment. It was discovered that other anions apart from phosphate are within the concentrations recommended for safe drinking water. The concentration of the cations is in the following order: Cl> HCO3> SO4> NO3, and that for anions is Mg> Ca> K> Na, thus making the water in the area potentially magnesium chloride water. Iron and lead are the only heavy metals whose concentrations are high. Lead is toxic but iron only stains and causes intestinal disturbance.
COMPORTAMENTO DA MADEIRA DE Tectona grandis FRENTE AO INTEMPERISMO
Authors: De Mesquita Robert Rossi Silva , Gonçalez Joaquim Carlos , De Paula Marcella Hermida
Published: April 2017

A qualidade da madeira pode ser alterada por intempéries que podem diminuir sua vida útil, bem como alterar a sua cor, que é um fator preponderante no mercado madeireiro, muitas vezes determinando seu preço final, principalmente quando utilizada em ambientes internos. A Teca (Tectona grandis Linn. F.) é uma madeira comercialmente valiosa, possui propriedades físico-mecânicas e características qualitativas como a cor, o desenho e a densidade desejáveis em produtos que requerem um bom acabamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o processo de intemperismo artificial da madeira de Teca submetida a 5 ciclos de irradiação UVA de 1,55 W/m² a 340 nm de comprimento de onda, conforme a norma ASTM G154. O sistema CIE L*a*b* de 1976 mostrou as modificações das cores. A mudança da cor natural da madeira, indicativo do processo de fotodegradação, foi monitorada por espectrocolorimetria. Amostras da espécie não sofreram alteração de cor frente ao intemperismo, permanecendo na cor marrom oliva, tornando-a uma opção frente a outras espécies madeireiras de uso em escala industrial, principalmente naqueles onde consegue-se agregar mais valor.
Achievements and Lessons Learned from Vietnam’s Higher Education Quality Assurance System after a Decade of Establishment
Authors: Nguyen Huu Cuong , Ta Thi Thu Hien , Nguyen Thi Thu Huong
Published: April 2017

Higher education quality assurance and accreditation was officially implemented inVietnamover twelve years ago. From a totally centralized model,Vietnam’s accreditation system has been becoming more independent, especially with the establishment of accrediting agencies. The first accreditation certificates were also awarded to universities that met quality standards and criteria. This paper investigates the development ofVietnam’s higher education quality assurance and accreditation for the last decade since the national quality assurance organization was established. The study first synthesizes the results achieved within this system, both in policy and practice, leadership and management. It also discusses human resources development for quality assurance and accreditation in the national context. Next, the paper highlights the self-evaluation and external evaluation activities, two most important steps of the accreditation process. In addition, building quality culture within higher education institutions is also paid attention to. Finally, lessons from the establishment and development ofVietnam’s accreditation are drawn. This study looks at an overall picture ofVietnam’s higher education quality assurance system since its establishment with a focus on policy, practice, leadership and management. It also hopes to contribute to the literature related to accreditation ofVietnam’s higher education.
O Assistente Social como trabalhador na Política de Assistência Social
Authors: Brisola Elisa Maria
Published: April 2017

O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre a realidade profissional do assistente social como trabalhador na política de assistência social. Analisa as mudanças operadas na política sociais públicas, sobretudo na Assistência Social, inserida no campo tensionado da Seguridade Social em tempos de reação conservadora e crise do capital. Aponta os desafios postos aos profissionais e indica possibilidades de resistência junto aos demais trabalhadores. O artigo é parte da pesquisa financiada pelo CNPq, realizada na Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba no período de 2011-2014 com assistentes sociais que atuam no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). Os profissionais das instituições públicas e privadas, de municípios de todos os Portes estabelecidos na Política Nacional de Assistência Social foram entrevistados a partir de um roteiro de questões afetas ao trabalho profissional
Por trás das câmeras: a decupagem cinematográfica como inscrição discursiva
Authors: Almeida João Flávio , Garcia Dantielli Assumpção , Sousa Lucília Maria Abrahão e , Prandi Maria Beatriz Ribeiro
Published: April 2017

Sob o arcabouço teórico da Análise do Discurso Francesa, inaugurada por Michel Pêcheux, buscaremos neste artigo discutir o papel da imagem em movimento – o cinema – na produção de sentidos no discurso. Uma película cinematográfica movimenta sentidos através de diversas formas, ora verbais, ora não-verbais; e, neste artigo, temos por objetivo mirar aquilo que é dito em forma de sequências de imagens, ou seja, observar a própria estrutura constituinte do fazer cinematográfico como ferramenta de inscrição discursiva.
A revista illustrada educando para a República
Authors: Modenesi Thiago Vasconcellos , Sousa Edilson Fernandes de , Menezes Vilde Gomes de
Published: April 2017

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo identificar as possibilidades educacionais contidas em materiais da imprensa nos primeiros anos da República do Brasil, a partir da ascensão do Partido Conservador, com o fim do Império e do regime escravagista em nosso país. A nossa análise parte da hipótese de que a Revista Illustrada, enquanto veículo midiático colaborou na maneira de historiar os fatos à população não letrada, na criação de uma espécie de método de transmitir os acontecimentos com um novo olhar, a partir da mudança dos hábitos e dos referenciais de higiene corporal, de boa educação e de civilidade.
As imagens mais fortes que as experiências reais
Authors: Fernandes Marcio
Published: April 2017

Resenha de:  BONI, Paulo César (org). A Fotografia na Academia: deformadora de imaginários coletivos a fonte de pesquisas.Londrina: Midiograf, 2015
Vulnerabilidade e hipossuficiência no contrato existencial de consumo
Authors: Goiabeira Rosa Luiz Carlos , Ferreira Bizelli Rafael , Félix Vinícius Cesar
Published: April 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo explicar perfunctoriamente a vulnerabilidade e hipossuficiência na relação de consumo, e bem assim a ampliação e maximização de tais figuras no contrato de consumo que tenha por objeto um bem essencial. Através dos métodos dedutivo e comparativo, explanar-se-á sobre a vulnerabilidade e suas espécies; analisar-se-á a hipossuficiência enquanto vertente da configuração do consumidor frágil no âmbito processual; e se obtemperar a necessidade de realce da vulnerabilidade e hipossuficiência do consumidor para fins de alargamento da proteção deste na relação essencial consumerista.
Notas sobre o termo inicial dos juros de mora e o artigo 407 do Código Civil
Authors: Tepedino Gustavo , Viégas Francisco
Published: April 2017

A definição do termo inicial dos juros de mora exige a adequada compreensão de sua função, tal seja, a de indenizar a vítima que fora indevidamente privada do capital que lhe era devido como decorrência da violação de dever obrigacional ou legal. Assumindo como premissa esta função, deve ser superada a dificuldade em se admitir a fluência de juros relacionados à obrigação que, resultando do inadimplemento, não possui objeto previamente determinado. Contabilizar os juros somente após a fixação do valor principal devido, por meio da leitura isolada do art. 407 do Código Civil, afigura-se incompatível com a função dos juros moratórios no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como revela contrariedade à ratio do dispositivo mencionado, analisado no artigo sob perspectiva histórico-sistemática.
O sujeito na/da arte contemporânea nos entremeios dos discursos da/sobre arte
Authors: Lara Renata Marcelle
Published: April 2017

Pela categoria da contradição discursiva, este artigo focaliza o sujeito na/da arte contemporânea, do lugar de entremeio de áreas do conhecimento, nos entremeios do discurso artístico e sobre o artístico, como parte das discussões que foram foco da mesa-redonda Discurso da Arte e(m) Discursos sobre a Arte, durante a realização da 3ª. JIED (Jornada Internacional de Estudos do Discurso) e do 2º. EIID (Encontro Internacional da Imagem em Discurso). Objetiva-se, na relação entre Arte e Linguística, do lugar de analista de discurso, problematizar os sentidos possíveis para esse sujeito que se constitui e transita entre a estabilização e o movimento de sentidos nos discursos artístico e sobre o artístico. Como referencial teórico, adota-se a Análise de Discurso (AD) materialista, perspectiva do filósofo francês Michel Pêcheux, em diálogo com estudos empreendidos na Arte, por Anne Cauquelin, e, em especial, por meio das relações entre Arte e Psicanálise lacaniana, promovidas por Tania Rivera.
Enunciados metadiscursivos em entrevistas do banco de dados Iboruna
Authors: Fortilli Solange De Carvalho
Published: April 2017

Neste artigo, analisamos enunciados metadiscursivos, que são manifestações evidentes do processamento comunicativo, no sentido de que estampam no texto a atividade enunciativa, instaurando o discurso como objeto-de-discurso (JUBRAN, 2003). Considerando que a situação comunicativa pode moldar as expressões metadiscursivas, tomamos como objeto de investigação entrevistas do banco de dados sociolinguísticos Iboruna, as quais têm características como a determinação prévia dos tipos de texto a serem produzidos, a definição dos papeis interacionais de cada falante e a assimetria entre os mesmos, o que significa que as contribuições dos participantes, apesar de estarem na mesma situação comunicativa, são distintas entre si. Mostraremos que essa peculiaridade do que chamamos de entrevista para coleta de dados linguísticos promove uma série de expressões voltadas a diferentes negociações acerca da atuação dos envolvidos e do desenvolvimento do discurso, como o início ou mudança de tópicos discursivos, condições para o prosseguimento de turnos, dentre outras, as quais constituem enunciados metadiscursivos.
Discurso, referenciação e construção de identidades políticas: O caso do occupy wall street
Authors: Cavalcante Thaysa Maria , Ferreira Ruberval
Published: April 2017

O presente artigo objetiva empreender uma análise da construção identitária do Occupy Wall Street (OWS), movimento norte-americano que se opunha à política financeira do capitalismo e, consequentemente, à forte influência exercida pelo capital sobre o Estado. Assim, buscamos responder à questão de como se dá a construção discursiva da identidade desse objeto de discurso, a partir das estratégias referenciais mobilizadas no texto da Declaração de Autonomia, documento aprovado em reunião da Assembleia Geral do movimento. Nosso aporte teórico-metodológico consiste de uma articulação entre a teoria do discurso, do cientista político Ernesto Laclau (LACLAU & MOUFFE, [1985] 2001; LACLAU, 1990; 2011) – especialmente suas considerações acerca da relação entre discurso, antagonismo e construção de identidades políticas por meio de uma lógica da equivalência –, e os estudos da referenciação, na perspectiva de autores como Apothéloz e Reichler-Béguelin (1995), Koch (2005; 2015), Marcuschi (2007) e Ciulla e Silva (2008). Utilizando como categoria de análise textual as expressões anafóricas – sem desprezar outros elementos, como alguns dêiticos, que interferem no processo de construção do objeto de discurso em questão – atentaremos para o fato de que essa construção configura o OWS como o que Laclau chama significante vazio, cuja identidade é esculpida através da formação e expansão de uma cadeia de equivalências, que se estabelece a partir de uma relação antagônica. Por fim, discutiremos algumas questões referentes a esse modo de construção identitária, de modo a encarar a linguagem não apenas como forma de materialização das tensões sociais, mas como o lugar privilegiado das lutas sociais acarretadas por essas tensões.
Palatalização de /l/: atuação de fatores sociais
Authors: Oliveira Marilucia Barros
Published: April 2017

Trata o presente estudo da variação de /l/ em posição prevocálica no Português Brasileiro (PB), mais especificamente da palatalização que ocorre diante de segmentos altos anteriores, quando seguem esse fonema. Os dados são oriundos do projeto Atlas Linguístico do Pará (ALiPA). Neste artigo, será avaliada apenas a atuação de fatores sociais. No sentido de fomentar o refinamento da análise da atuação desses fatores, serão apresentados também resultados referentes ao cruzamento dos grupos de fatores selecionados. Os resultados serão discutidos levando-se em consideração os pressupostos da Sociolinguísitica Variacionista, informações registradas durante a coleta de dados na comunidade pesquisada e resultados de estudos sociolinguísticos publicados no Brasil. Os dados revelam que a palatalização de /l/, na cidade pesquisada, encontra-se em estágio bastante avançado e que se constitui tendência em Itaituba-PA, diferentemente do que Oliveira (2010) detectou para várias localidades no Brasil, especialmente para o Nordeste e Sul do país.  Os resultados também apontam a importante atuação da escolaridade sobre a variação em estudo.
Línguas indígenas & língua portuguesa em comunidades indígenas do sul de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Tavares Marilze
Published: April 2017

A maioria dos indígenas adultos das comunidades Guarani de Mato Grosso do Sul é bilíngue – tem uma das línguas indígenas, Guarani Kaiowá ou Guarani Ñandeva, como língua materna e a língua portuguesa como segunda língua; somente alguns idosos e crianças pequenas que ainda não vão para a escola falam apenas à língua materna. Neste trabalho, procuramos verificar que impressões os falantes demonstram ter de cada uma dessas línguas e que importância atribuem a cada uma delas. A análise dos dados, isto é, dos depoimentos dos falantes que participaram da pesquisa, mostrou que a língua materna está intimamente relacionada com a expressão da cultura tradicional; em geral, os indígenas afirmam que as línguas indígenas estão sendo transmitidas às novas gerações e, portanto, preservadas de forma adequada nas duas comunidades. Já a língua portuguesa também é considerada muito importante por todos os informantes, sendo a motivação principal de seu ensino/aprendizado a necessidade de contato com a população não indígena. Os resultados desta pesquisa poderão contribuir para compreendermos, entre outras, questões relacionadas ao futuro dessas línguas indígenas e da língua portuguesa nas comunidades investigadas.
Um robô linguista que ‘ouve’ e ‘fala’: Geolinguística, pln e tabelas hash em concurso
Authors: Manfio Edio Roberto
Published: April 2017

Este estudo tem o objetivo apresentar o robô de conversação Professor Tical numa dimensão mais ampla e com os recursos de síntese e comandos por voz. Tical, que se tornou operacional como protótipo durante do III Congresso Internacional de Dialetologia e Sociolinguística na UEL em 2014, continua sendo um campo de provas para aplicações de algumas teorias que mantém entre si um caráter interdisciplinar como Geolinguística (CARDOSO, 2014a, 2014b), Processamento de Linguagem Natural (RICH, 1993; SCHILDT, 1989; MANFIO; MORENO; BARBOSA, 2014a, 2014b) e Processamento de Dados (ZIVIANI, 1999). O ‘robô linguista’, mesmo dispondo de um banco de dados bastante limitado e apresentando várias falhas típicas de sistemas dessa natureza e dotados desses recursos, serviu grandemente para realizar testes relativos a todas as áreas de conhecimento envolvidas e mostrou-se funcional o suficiente para suscitar a necessidade de dar continuidade ao projeto e às pesquisas: ‘ouve’, ‘fala’, realiza buscas rápidas e ‘conhece linguística’.
Brasileiros e italianos no léxico das publicidades das revistas veja e l’espresso: Marcas de uma cultura de estereotipia
Authors: Garcia Edson Roberto Bogas
Published: April 2017

Por meio do levantamento de publicidades impressas veiculadas pela revista Veja e pela revista L’Espresso, publicadas entre novembro de 2012 e abril de 2013, nas quais o homem é o público-alvo selecionado, objetivamos averiguar se os itens lexicais presentes nesses textos escritos são portadores de aspectos semânticos capazes de apontar relações que caracterizem os estereótipos de masculinidade nos dois países investigados, Brasil e Itália. Para a descrição e apreciação de tais itens, utilizamos a metodologia da Linguística de Corpus, fazendo uso do programa Wordsmith Tools. Dentro dessa perspectiva, empregamos as ferramentas WordList, com o intuito de fornecer as listas de itens léxicos a serem estudados, e Concord, para perceber o seu cotexto/contexto. Averiguamos, a partir dessa metodologia, em nossas pesquisas, que o texto publicitário escrito, ao usar unidades lexicais dotadas de carga semântica específica, revela e tende a perpetuar esses estereótipos na sociedade das duas nações.