bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMÓRIAS DA DITADURA E DA RESISTÊNCIA NO CENTRO DA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Quadrat Samantha Viz
Published: August 2023

O Rio de Janeiro foi local de importantes acontecimentos desde o golpe de 31 de março de 1964. Cidade onde estavam concentrados o movimento estudantil secundarista e universitários, o Rio de Janeiro assistiu ao assassinato do estudante Edson Luís de Lima Souto, em 28 de março de 1968, quando a polícia invadiu o Restaurante Calabouço. O objetivo desse artigo é analisar como a partir do assassinato do Edson Luís podemos pensar em trajetos históricos no centro do Rio de Janeiro que abordem a questão da violência ditatorial e da resistência. Destacando que alguns desses lugares não existem mais fisicamente, como o próprio Calabouço, mas fazem parte do imaginário da cidade. Nesse sentido, o trajeto aqui abordado dialoga com a questão da memória, com as transformações da cidade e com as políticas de memória pensadas para a história recente do país.
Effectiveness of moisturiser for the prevention of skin tears in older adults residing in long-term care facilities: a clinical review
Authors: Vuorinen Minna , Ram Felix
Published: August 2023

In long-term care facilities the treatment of skin tears often takes a lot of nursing time, is costly and can negatively impact the residents’ quality of life. The purpose of this clinical review was to investigate whether the application of moisturising lotion is beneficial in skin tear reduction in older adults residing in long-term care facilities. A literature review of original studies investigating the effect of moisturising lotion on skin tears in older adults (65+ years) was conducted. Results indicate that a minimum of twice daily application of moisturising lotion with neutral pH can reduce skin tears by 50% compared to usual care. Therefore, routine skin moisturising is recommended as one component of a skin tear prevention programme for this demogrpahic.
Skin tone and wound care: bridging the knowledge and care provision gap
Authors: Ramadan Francesca
Published: August 2023

A wound care practitioner will likely encounter and care for an increasing number of patients with a wider variety of skin tones on a daily basis. However, wound care research and education does not yet reflect the realities of clinical practice, resulting in compromised care provision and the reinforcement of healthcare inequities. Here, Francesca Ramadan outlines both the quantitative and qualitative steps that can be taken to facilitate more inclusive and culturally sensitive care provision in research, education and clinical practice.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Gough Alex
Published: August 2023

Ophthalmic problems are common and often challenging presentations in veterinary practice, and although they rarely result in death, they can lead to serious quality of life issues including chronic pain and loss of vision. Three recent papers discuss ophthalmological conditions and their treatments in dogs.
Instigating father-inclusive practice interventions with young fathers and multi-agency professionals: the transformative potential of qualitative longitudinal and co-creative methodologies
Authors: Tarrant Anna
Published: August 2023

Interdisciplinary social sciences literature on the value and significance of engaged fatherhood and father-inclusive approaches to practice for enhanced family outcomes have begun to reach a consensus. Yet there has been less attention to how research knowledge about fatherhood, including that which is co-produced with and for fathers, can be more effectively translated and embedded in practice and policy contexts. This article elaborates on a cumulative, empirically driven process that has established new relational ecologies between young fathers, multi-agency professionals and researchers. It illustrates how these ecologies, supported by longitudinal and co-creative research combined, are driving societal transformations through knowledge exchange and the instigation of new father-inclusive practice interventions that address the marginalisation of young fathers. The methodologies, including the co-creation of the Young Dads Collective and its impacts on young fathers and multi-agency professionals, are evaluated, confirming them as powerful and productive mechanisms for embedding father-inclusive practices within existing support and policy systems.
The Work Ahead for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research
Authors: Kover Sara T. , Abbeduto Leonard
Published: August 2023

In “Toward Equity in Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities,” we sought to make entrenched assumptions and practices of intellectual and developmental disabilities research visible by explicitly describing the status quo in terms of models of disability, participant and researcher identities, research priorities, and biases in measurement and treatment approaches. We then curated individual- and systems-level actions drawn from disability justice and broader social justice lenses to offer a way forward. We focused on three major areas (i.e., intersectionality and person-centered approaches, participatory research, and interprofessional collaboration), depicting influences, methods, and actions in a framework of disability, identity, and culture. In this Author Response, we address five commentaries that critique and extend that synthesis.
3D reconstruction method based on the multi-polarization superposition coding phase pattern of LRR objects
Authors: Zhu Zhenmin , You Duoduo , Zeng Xingning , Qiao Shuo , Dang Guoqing , Zhan Yanliang
Published: August 2023

Conventional research in structured light measurements has utilized light intensity as a channel for information. The polarization of light can be used as an additional channel of information. In this paper, a method based on the superposition of multiple polarization states is proposed to encode structured light. By building a polarization model between the color of light and the polarization states, polarized structured light containing phase information is obtained without rotating the polarizer. It is demonstrated that the method improves the waveform quality of stripes and the accuracy of the 3D reconstruction results when measuring highly reflective objects.
Power-efficient polarization-insensitive tunable microring filter on a multi-layer Si3N4-on-SOI platform
Authors: Li Xin , Lu Liangjun , Chen Jianping , Zhou Linjie
Published: August 2023

We develop and demonstrate a non-duplicate polarization-diversity tunable bandpass optical filter by leveraging the bi-directional transmission of add-drop dual-coupled microring resonators (MRRs) on a multi-layer Si3N4-on-silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. By using Euler-bends, we implement compact and low-loss Si3N4 MRRs with an equivalent bending radius of ∼38 µm. Fiber-to-fiber (on-chip) insertion loss of 4.3 dB (1.7 dB) with a low polarization-dependent loss of <0.5 dB and low differential group delay of <2.5 ps is achieved. The extinction ratio is more than 30 dB. The thermo-optic tuning efficiency of the Si3N4 MRRs is improved with a suspended micro-heater design. As a result, a wavelength tuning range of ∼2 nm and a 3-dB bandwidth tuning range of 20 GHz are experimentally demonstrated. The tuning efficiency is 33 pm/mW, which is ∼7.5 times higher than the previous design. This reconfigurable polarization-insensitive filter, with low loss, low cross talk, and high power efficiency, is highly promising for practical applications in optical communication and signal processing.
Photonic angle-of-arrival measurement of microwave signals using a triangular wave
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Chi Hao , Gao Yiran , He Hongxia , Zhai Yanrong
Published: August 2023

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, photonics-assisted approach for measuring the angle-of-arrival (AOA) of microwave signals with a large measurement range is proposed. The system utilizes a dual-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) for signal modulation, followed by an optical filter for sideband selection. The dc port of the DDMZM is fed by a triangular wave to generate a pair of opposite frequency shifts. An intermediate frequency (IF) signal with a periodic phase jump is obtained after photodetection. The AOA of the incoming signals can be estimated by measuring the value of the phase jump. The key novelty of the proposed scheme lies in the application of a triangular wave to shift the frequency of optical signals, which introduces a periodic phase jump to the IF signal. The system incorporates only a single optical channel, largely reducing the system complexity. Experimental results show that an AOA measurement with a range of –70.8° to 70.8° is realized, with errors confined to within ±2°.
Rapid evolutionary diversification of the flamenco locus across simulans clade Drosophila species
Authors: Signor Sarah , Vedanayagam Jeffrey , Kim Bernard Y. , Wierzbicki Filip , Kofler Robert , Lai Eric C.
Published: August 2023

Suppression of transposable elements (TEs) is paramount to maintain genomic integrity and organismal fitness. In D. melanogaster, the flamenco locus is a master suppressor of TEs, preventing the mobilization of certain endogenous retrovirus-like TEs from somatic ovarian support cells to the germline. It is transcribed by Pol II as a long (100s of kb), single-stranded, primary transcript, and metabolized into ~24–32 nt Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that target active TEs via antisense complementarity. flamenco is thought to operate as a trap, owing to its high content of recent horizontally transferred TEs that are enriched in antisense orientation. Using newly-generated long read genome data, which is critical for accurate assembly of repetitive sequences, we find that flamenco has undergone radical transformations in sequence content and even copy number across simulans clade Drosophilid species. Drosophila simulans flamenco has duplicated and diverged, and neither copy exhibits synteny with D. melanogaster beyond the core promoter. Moreover, flamenco organization is highly variable across D. simulans individuals. Next, we find that D. simulans and D. mauritiana flamenco display signatures of a dual-stranded cluster, with ping-pong signals in the testis and/or embryo. This is accompanied by increased copy numbers of germline TEs, consistent with these regions operating as functional dual-stranded clusters. Overall, the physical and functional diversity of flamenco orthologs is testament to the extremely dynamic consequences of TE arms races on genome organization, not only amongst highly related species, but even amongst individuals.
The hidden emotional labour behind ensuring the social value of research: Experiences of frontline health policy and systems researchers based in Kenya during COVID-19
Authors: Nzinga Jacinta , Oliwa Jacquie , Oluoch Dorothy , Jepkosgei Joyline , Mbuthia Daniel , Boga Mwanamvua , Musitia Peris , Ogola Muthoni , Muinga Naomi , Muraya Kui , Hinga Alex , Kamuya Dorcas , Kelley Maureen , Molyneux Sassy
Published: August 2023

Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is a multi-disciplinary, largely applied field of research aimed at understanding and strengthening the performance of health systems, often with an emphasis on power, policy and equity. The value of embedded and participatory HPSR specifically in facilitating the collection of rich data that is relevant to addressing real-world challenges is increasingly recognised. However, the potential contributions and challenges of HPSR in the context of shocks and crises are not well documented, with a particular gap in the literature being the experiences and coping strategies of the HPSR researchers who are embedded in health systems in resource constrained settings. In this paper, we draw on two sets of group discussions held among a group of approximately 15 HPSR researchers based in Nairobi, Kenya, who were conducting a range of embedded HPSR studies throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers, including many of the authors, were employed by the KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme (KWTRP), which is a long-standing multi-disciplinary partnership between the Kenya Medical Research Institute and the Wellcome Trust with a central goal of contributing to national and international health policy and practice. We share our findings in relation to three inter-related themes: 1) Ensuring the continued social value of our HPSR work in the face of changing priorities; 2) Responding to shifting ethical procedures and processes at institutional and national levels; and 3) Protecting our own and front-line colleagues’ well-being, including clinical colleagues. Our experiences highlight that in navigating research work and responsibilities to colleagues, patients and participants through the pandemic, many embedded HPSR staff faced difficult emotional and ethical challenges, including heightened forms of moral distress, which may have been better prevented and supported. We draw on our findings and the wider literature to discuss considerations for funders and research leads with an eye to strengthening support for embedded HPSR staff, not only in crises such as the on-going COVID-19 pandemic, but also more generally.
Determinants of Podoconiosis in Bensa District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A case control study
Authors: Hailu Melaku , Chea Nana , Ali Musa Mohammed , Hailu Mesay
Published: August 2023

Background

Podoconiosis is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) with the greatest potential for elimination. Despite its public health importance, podoconiosis is a poorly understood disease which led to a widespread misconception about its cause, prevention, and treatment. Even though the exact global burden is still to be measured, it is estimated that at least 4 million people are affected with podoconiosis worldwide, of which more than 1.5 million people are in Ethiopia.

The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of podoconiosis in Bensa District, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.

Methodology/Principal findings

A community-based unmatched case-control study was used to identify the determinants of podoconiosis. The sample size was estimated using the double population proportion formula. An interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Blood specimens collected from cases were tested by Filariasis Test Strip to exclude lymphatic filariasis. Data were checked for completeness, coded and entered into Epi-data Version 4.6, and exported to the SPSS version 22 software. Variables with ap<0.2 in the bivariate analysis were further analyzed using multivariable binary logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine determinants that could be associated with podoconiosis with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 459 (153 cases and 306 controls) participants were included with a response rate of 100%. Factors such as the age of participant [AOR = 0.34, 95% CI (0.13–0.87)], being female [AOR = 2.90, 95% CI (1.40–6.10)], age at which shoe wearing started [AOR = 0.7, 95% CI (0.03–0.16)], not wearing shoe daily [AOR = 2.26, 95% CI (1.05–4.86)], wearing hard plastic shoe [AOR = 3.38, 95% CI (1.31–10.89)], and family history with a similar disease (leg swelling) [AOR = 10.2, 95% CI (3.97–26.37)] were significantly associated with the occurrence of podoconiosis.

Conclusions/Significance

The age of the participants, gender, the age at which shoe wearing started, type of shoe the participants’ wear, frequency of shoe wearing, traveling barefoot, and family history with similar disease (leg swelling) were significantly associated with the occurrence of podoconiosis. Sidama regional health bureau along with non-governmental organizations working on the neglected tropical disease should plan modalities on awareness creation and comprehensive health education on shoe wearing and foot hygiene.
Management of onchocerciasis among adolescents in nkwanta north district of Ghana: Qualitative study of adolescents’ perception, community and health system support
Authors: Gbogbo Sitsofe , Amu Hubert , Dowou Robert Kokou , Ayanore Martin Amogre
Published: August 2023

Background

Onchocerciasis affects the quality of life to a greater extent among affected individuals. The World Health Organization (WHO)’s Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP) has effectively reduced the prevalence of onchocerciasis by interrupting the transmission of the parasite and by mass population treatment in the regions at risk of the disease. Despite the successful reduction of the prevalence of onchocerciasis by WHO, the socioeconomic burden resulting from the disabilities caused by onchocerciasis are still immense. This study sought to explore the adolescents’ perception regarding the management of onchocerciasis, community and health system support in Nkwanta North District of Ghana.

Method

This study adopted a qualitative phenomenological design and exploratory, descriptive qualitative approach. An in-depth interview guide was developed to collect data for the study. One-on-one interview was conducted. Data collected from 16 onchocerciasis adolescent patients were analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti v7.5.7. Quotes from the participants were presented verbatim to substantiate the themes realised.

Results

Most of the 12 participants (75.0%) were aged 15–18 years old. It was noted that 6(37.50%) of participants were in Junior High School (JHS), while 4(25.0%) were in Senior High School (SHS). It was noted that community members have diverse understandings and perceptions of onchocerciasis, including beliefs that Onchocerciasis is a serious disease that can cause blindness; it is caused by the consumption of some types of food products or stressful work. Adolescents believed that onchocerciasis was caused by insect bite blood infection, poor environmental hygiene, sun or could have been inherited from parents. Ivermectin treatment was noted by adolescents to have helped relieve the symptoms of ochocerciasis they were experiencing. However, the adolescents indicated that they had experienced some side effects, including fever, headache, body itching, rushes, swollen body and blurred vision from the drug.

Conclusion

Inadequate education and communication about onchocerciasis resulted in diverse and erroneous meanings of onchocerciasis among community members. Our research recognises that community and health system supports is very important in the effective management of Onchocerciasis, contributing to the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.3, which is targeted at ending the epidemic of NTDs like onchocerciasis by 2030.
Comparative analysis of the myoglobin gene in whales and humans reveals evolutionary changes in regulatory elements and expression levels
Authors: Sackerson Charles , Garcia Vivian , Medina Nicole , Maldonado Jessica , Daly John , Cartwright Rachel
Published: August 2023

Cetacea and other diving mammals have undergone numerous adaptations to their aquatic environment, among them high levels of the oxygen-carrying intracellular hemoprotein myoglobin in skeletal muscles. Hypotheses regarding the mechanisms leading to these high myoglobin levels often invoke the induction of gene expression by exercise, hypoxia, and other physiological gene regulatory pathways. Here we explore an alternative hypothesis: that cetacean myoglobin genes have evolved high levels of transcription driven by the intrinsic developmental mechanisms that drive muscle cell differentiation. We have used luciferase assays in differentiated C2C12 cells to test this hypothesis. Contrary to our hypothesis, we find that the myoglobin gene from the minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, shows a low level of expression, only about 8% that of humans. This low expression level is broadly shared among cetaceans and artiodactylans. Previous work on regulation of the human gene has identified a core muscle-specific enhancer comprised of two regions, the “AT element” and a C-rich sequence 5’ of the AT element termed the “CCAC-box”. Analysis of the minke whale gene supports the importance of the AT element, but the minke whale CCAC-box ortholog has little effect. Instead, critical positive input has been identified in a G-rich region 3’ of the AT element. Also, a conserved E-box in exon 1 positively affects expression, despite having been assigned a repressive role in the human gene. Last, a novel region 5’ of the core enhancer has been identified, which we hypothesize may function as a boundary element. These results illustrate regulatory flexibility during evolution. We discuss the possibility that low transcription levels are actually beneficial, and that evolution of the myoglobin protein toward enhanced stability is a critical factor in the accumulation of high myoglobin levels in adult cetacean muscle tissue.
Expression, activity, and consequences of biochemical inhibition of α- and β-glucosidases in different life stages of Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Burgess Edwin R. , Sanscrainte Neil D. , Taylor Caitlin E. , Buss Lyle J. , Estep Alden S.
Published: August 2023

Mosquitoes have a wide range of digestive enzymes that enable them to utilize requisite blood and sugar meals for survival and reproduction. Sugar meals, typically derived from plant sources, are critical to maintain energy in both male and female mosquitoes, whereas blood meals are taken only by females to complete oogenesis. Enzymes involved in sugar digestion have been the subject of study for decades but have been limited to a relatively narrow range of mosquito species. The southern house mosquito,Culex quinquefasciatus, is of public health importance and seldom considered in these types of studies outside of topics related toBacillus sphaericus, a biocontrol agent that requires interaction with a specific gut-associated α-glucosidase. Here we sought to describe the nature of α-glucosidases and unexplored β-glucosidases that may aidCx.quinquefasciatuslarvae in acquiring nutrients from cellulosic sources in their aquatic habitats. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found both α- and β-glucosidase activity in larvae. Interestingly, β-glucosidase activity all but disappeared at the pupal stage and remained low in adults, while α-glucosidase activity remained in the pupal stage and then exceeded larval activity by approximately 1.5-fold. The expression patterns of the putative α- and β-glucosidase genes chosen did not consistently align with observed enzyme activities. When the α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose was administered to adults, mortality was seen especially in males but also in females after two days of exposure and key energetic storage molecules, glycogen and lipids, were significantly lower than controls. In contrast, administering the β-glucosidase inhibitor conduritol β-epoxide to larvae did not produce mortality even at the highest soluble concentration. Here we provide insights into the importance of α- and β-glucosidases on the survival ofCx.quinquefasciatusin their three mobile life stages.
Validation of reference gene stability for miRNA quantification by reverse transcription quantitative PCR in the peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19 critical illness
Authors: Formosa Amanda , Acton Erica , Lee Amy , Turgeon Paul , Izhar Shehla , Plant Pamela , Tsoporis Jim N. , Soussi Sabri , Trahtemberg Uriel , Baker Andrew , dos Santos Claudia C.
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgency to study the host gene response that leads to variable clinical presentations of the disease, particularly the critical illness response. miRNAs have been implicated in the mechanism of host immune dysregulation and thus hold potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic agents with clinical application. Hence, further analyses of their altered expression in COVID-19 is warranted. An important basis for this is identifying appropriate reference genes for high quality expression analysis studies. In the current report, NanoString technology was used to study the expression of 798 miRNAs in the peripheral blood of 24 critically ill patients, 12 had COVID-19 and 12 were COVID-19 negative. A list of potentially stable candidate reference genes was generated that included ten miRNAs. The top six were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in a total of 41 patients so as to apply standard computational algorithms for validating reference genes, namely geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and RefFinder. There was general agreement among all four algorithms in the ranking of four stable miRNAs: miR-186-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-194-5p and miR-448. A detailed analysis of their output rankings led to the conclusion that miR-186-5p and miR-148b-3p are appropriate reference genes for miRNA expression studies using PaxGene tubes in the peripheral blood of patients critically ill with COVID-19 disease.
DNA methylation cooperates with H3K9me2 at HCN4 promoter to regulate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into pacemaker-like cells
Authors: Sun XiaoLin , Jin Kai , Ding Xiangwei , Ruan Zhongbao , Xu Pei
Published: August 2023

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a a life-threatening disease, and biological pacemakers derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have practical clinical applications. Previous studies demonstrated that epigenetics plays an important role in the differentiation of BMSCs into pacemaker-like cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of DNA methylation and histone methylation in pacemaker cells formation and found that changes in DNA and H3K9 methylation occur in the promoter region of the pacemaker cell-specific gene HCN4. In addition, the combined addition of methylation inhibitors was able to improve the efficiency of transduction of Tbx18 in inducing the differentiation of BMSCs into pacemaker-like cells. In vitro experiments have shown that inhibition of DNA methylation and H3K9 methylation can enhance the activity of the HCN4 promoter activity, and both can affect the binding of the transcription factor NKx2.5to the HCN4 promoter region. Further research on the interaction mechanism between DNA methylation and H3K9me2 in the HCN4 promoter region revealed that the two may be coupled, and that the methylesterase G9a and DNMT1 may directly interact to bind as a complex that affects DNA methylation and H3K9me2 regulation of HCN4 transcription. In conclusion, our studies suggest that the mutual coupling of DNA and H3K9 methylation plays a critical role in regulating the differentiation of BMSCs into pacemaker-like cells from the perspective of interactions between epigenetic modifications, and combined methylation is a promising strategy to optimise pacemaker-like cells for in vitro applications.
Correlation of a commercial platform’s results with post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response and clinical host factors
Authors: Slotkin Rebecca , Kyriakides Tassos C. , Kundu Anupam , Stack Gary , Sutton Richard E. , Gupta Shaili
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The objective of this study was to describe the correlation between the commercially available assay for anti-S1/RBD IgG and protective serum neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against SARS-CoV-2 in an adult population after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, and determine if clinical variables impact this correlation.

Methods

We measured IgG anti-S1/RBD using the IgG-II CMIA assay and nAb IC50 values against SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 in sera serially collected post-mRNA vaccination in veterans and healthcare workers of the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System (VACHS) between December 2020 and January 2022. The correlation between IgG and IC50 was measured using Pearson correlation. Clinical variables (age, sex, race, ethnicity, prior COVID infection defined by RT-PCR, history of malignancy, estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR calculated using CKD-EPI equation) were collected by manual chart review. The impact of these clinical variables on the IgG-nAb correlation was analyzed first with univariable regression. Variables with a significance of p < 0.15 were analyzed with forward stepwise regression analysis.

Results

From 127 sera samples in 100 unique subjects (age 20–93 years; mean 63.83; SD 15.63; 29% female; 67% White), we found a robust correlation between IgG anti-S1/RBD and nAb IC50 (R2 = 0.83, R2adj = 0.70, p < 0.0001). Race, ethnicity, and a history of malignancy were not significant on univariable analysis. GFR (p < 0.05) and prior COVID infection (p < 0.001) had a significant impact on the correlation between IgG anti-S1/RBD and nAb IC50. Age (p = 0.06) and sex (p = 0.07) trended towards significance on univariable analysis, but were not significant on multivariable regression.

Conclusions

There was a strong correlation between IgG anti-S1/RBD and nAb IC50 after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Clinical comorbidities, such as prior COVID infection and renal function, impacted this correlation. These results may assist the prediction of post-vaccination immune protection in clinical settings using cost-effective commercial platforms.
Piloting a digital campaign to promote awareness of the Louisiana TelePrEP program among sexual and gender minority young adults
Authors: Ocasio Manuel A. , Fernandez M. Isabel , Cortese Steven , Kampa Kathryn
Published: August 2023

Despite the proven efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV acquisition, PrEP is underutilized by sexual and gender minority young adults in the 13 states in the United States “South.” In this paper, we describe the process we used to develop a digital campaign to promote awareness and engagement of sexual and gender minority young adults in the Louisiana Department of Health’s TelePrEP Program and provide campaign performance metrics. In Phase 1, we conducted formative research that informed campaign development and strategy. In total, 109 sexual and gender minority young adults completed a survey of PrEP constructs (e.g., facilitators, barriers). We also conducted three, sequential focus groups to iteratively generate, revise and refine the digital material. In collaboration with our strategic marketing partner (SMP), we developed 3 different ads and 1 video ad to promote on web and mobile-in app display, as well as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. Phase 2 focused on campaign implementation and evaluation (e.g., number of impressions, user activities on LA TelePrEP landing page). In the first few weeks of the campaign, data from tracking pixels indicated minimal activities on the landing page. We paused to revamp the campaign. Our SMP determined that a more young adult-focused landing page could bolster engagement. We created a new landing page and reran the campaign for 33 days. We saw substantially more user activities on the new landing page (n = 382) compared to the LA TelePrEP landing page (n = 185). Overall, we had 730,665 impressions and 475 link clicks. By collaborating with our SMP, we effectively and efficiently translated our community-engaged formative research into relevant and engaging digital content. This pilot study is one of the first to demonstrate the importance of using tracking pixels to monitor real-time user data to optimize performance of a digital PrEP campaign.
Too much to handle? Interference from distractors with similar affordances on target selection for handled objects
Authors: Haddad Lilas , Wamain Yannick , Kalénine Solène
Published: August 2023

The existence of handle affordances has been classically demonstrated using the Stimulus-Response Compatibility paradigm, with shorter response times when the orientation of the object handle and the response hand are compatible in comparison to incompatible. Yet the activation of handle affordances from visual objects has been investigated in very simple situations involving single stimulus and motor response. As natural perceptual scenes are usually composed of multiple objects that could activate multiple affordances, the consequence of multiple affordance activation on the perception and processing of a given object of the scene requires more investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of distractor affordances on the processing of a target object in situations involving several familiar graspable objects. In two online experiments, 229 participants had to select a target object (the kitchen utensil or the tool) in a visual scene displaying a pair of objects. They performed left key presses when the target was on the left and right key presses when the target was on the right. Target handle orientation and response side could be compatible or incompatible. Critically, target and distractor objects had similar or dissimilar handle affordances, with handles oriented for left- or right-hand grasps. Results from the two experiments showed slower response times when target and distractor objects had similar handle affordances in comparison to dissimilar affordances, when participants performed right hand responses and when target orientation and response were compatible. Thus, affordance similarity between objects may interfere rather than facilitate object processing and slow down target selection. These findings are in line with models of affordance and object selection assuming automatic inhibition of distractors’ affordances for appropriate object interaction.
An integrated multi-omics analysis of identifies distinct molecular characteristics in pulmonary infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Yang Yang , Ma Teng , Zhang Jun , Tang Yu , Tang Miao , Zou Chaoyu , Zhang Yige , Wu Mingbo , Hu Xueli , Liu Huan , Zhang Qianhua , Liu Yilin , Li Hongliang , Li Jing Shirley , Liu Zhuochong , Li Jing , Li Taiwen , Zhou Xikun
Published: August 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) can cause severe acute infections, including pneumonia and sepsis, and cause chronic infections, commonly in patients with structural respiratory diseases. However, the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of P. aeruginosa respiratory infection are largely unknown. Here, we performed assays for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), transcriptomics, and quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics and ubiquitin-proteomics in P. aeruginosa-infected lung tissues for multi-omics analysis, while ATAC-seq and transcriptomics were also examined in P. aeruginosa-infected mouse macrophages. To identify the pivotal factors that are involved in host immune defense, we integrated chromatin accessibility and gene expression to investigate molecular changes in P. aeruginosa-infected lung tissues combined with proteomics and ubiquitin-proteomics. Our multi-omics investigation discovered a significant concordance for innate immunological and inflammatory responses following P. aeruginosa infection between hosts and alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, we discovered that multi-omics changes in pioneer factors Stat1 and Stat3 play a crucial role in the immunological regulation of P. aeruginosa infection and that their downstream molecules (e.g., Fas) may be implicated in both immunosuppressive and inflammation-promoting processes. Taken together, these findings indicate that transcription factors and their downstream signaling molecules play a critical role in the mobilization and rebalancing of the host immune response against P. aeruginosa infection and may serve as potential targets for bacterial infections and inflammatory diseases, providing insights and resources for omics analyses.
Nova diretoria CBCTBMF 2023/2024
Authors: Germano Adriano Rocha
Published: August 2023

Prezados Membros do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco- Maxilo-Facial, Uma nova gestão foi iniciada! Daremos continuidade aos benefícios alcançados pela Diretoria anterior e ampliaremos ainda mais com novos projetos e metas. Começamos os trabalhos da nossa gestão com ações para o fortalecimento dos capítulos junto aos CROs e da sede, junto ao CFO, em defesa do exercício e valorização profissional. Também estamos dedicando esforços para que todos recebam a Revista do CBCTBMF dentro do calendário programado. Nosso objetivo é que ela se torne a maior referência na área na América Latina. Um canal direto e transparente de diálogo com a ANS, Ministério da Saúde e Educação está sendo implementado, referente a questões da especialidade e, dentro do congresso nacional, um grupo de apoio ao desenvolvimento da categoria é uma meta a ser alcançada.
Patologias orais: uma casuística de 10 anos
Authors: Rezende Anynne , Paulesini Junior Walter
Published: August 2023

Introdução: As lesões e patologias orais são determinadas pelo exame clínico que gera uma hipótese diagnóstica, confirmada a partir de exames complementares como a biópsia. Os estudos epidemiológicos possibilitam descrever as condições de saúde de uma determinada população, o perfil dos pacientes revela a prevalência de inúmeras doenças e contribui para elaboração de um plano de tratamento e ações preventivas. Objetivo: Realizar levantamento epidemiológico das patologias orais biopsiadas no laboratório de Patologia Bucal, de 2009 a 2019 pelo serviço de residência Buco-Maxilo-Facial do Complexo Hospitalar Padre Bento em Guarulhos. Metodologia: Foram determinadas a frequência de cada lesão em relação ao total e ao seu próprio grupo de doenças e as características dos indivíduos, como sexo, etnia, faixa etária, localização da patologia. Tais patologias foram divididas em 10 grupos: Alterações celulares, cistos e tumores odontogênicos, defeitos do desenvolvimento, doenças periodontais, infecções fúngicas, patologias mediadas imunologicamente, patologias de glândulas salivares, patologias epiteliais, patologias ósseas e tumores de tecido mole. Resultados: Um total de 193 pacientes foram avaliados, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino De acordo com a etnia, a leucoderma obteve um maior número e a maxila como a região anatômica mais acometida. De acordo com o grupo de patologias, a mais incidente foram os tumores de tecido mole, seguida dos cistos e tumores odontogênicos. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário aprimorar os conhecimentos em relação à patologias, assim como buscar pesquisas epidemiológicas com o intuito de comparar com as realidades e necessidades locais.
Cisto triquilemal no lábio superior: Relato de Caso
Authors: Bezerra Matheus Cavalcante Tomaz , Filippetti Nicholas Pascuotte , Santos Brenda Soares Dos
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O Cisto Triquilemal é um cisto raro preenchido por queratina com baixa incidência na cavidade oral que afeta predominantemente mulheres, com potencial para malignidade. Sua distribuição é mais frequente na região do couro cabeludo, sendo responsável por cerca de 90% dos casos. Relato de Caso: O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, de 54 anos, fumante esporádico, com uma lesão localizada no lábio superior, lateral ao filtro. Ao exame físico foi possível observar a presença de um nódulo de aproximadamente 5 mm, móvel, indolor e normocrômico. Os exames complementares foram solicitados e realizou-se biópsia excisional. O resultado do exame anatomopatológico foi de Cisto Triquilemal. Conclusões: Normalmente incomum, especialmente na região intrabucal, diagnóstico precoce e tratamento correto são bastante importantes devido ao seu potencial de malignização. O paciente permanece assintomático e sem sinais de recidiva com 1 ano de acompanhamento.
Fratura iatrogênica de ângulo mandibular e extrator: Relato de Caso
Authors: Pereira Ítalo Miranda Do Vale , Sverzut Cássio Edvard , Trivellato Priscila Faleiros Bertelli , Trivellato Alexandre Elias
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Os terceiros molares inclusos e/ou impactados são frequentemente indicados para remoção cirúrgica e esse procedimento está potencialmente associado a riscos de complicações como fraturas mandibulares. Objetivo: O presente artigo relata um caso de fratura iatrogênica de ângulo mandibular e instrumento cirúrgico durante tentativa de remoção do terceiro molar inferior direito incluso e impactado realizado por cirurgiã-dentista generalista. Relato de caso: O paciente foi encaminhado ao serviço de urgência referindo ter sofrido a fratura de mandíbula durante tentativa de remoção de um terceiro molar inferior. O tratamento consistiu em exodontia do elemento 48, enucleação de um cisto dentígero associado a esse elemento, remoção do instrumento cirúrgico fraturado, redução cirúrgica e fixação interna, com os sistemas de placas e parafusos 2.0 e 2.4 mm, da fratura do ângulo mandibular. Resultado: A redução cirúrgica e fixação da fratura de ângulo mandibular é o tratamento ideal para o caso, devolvendo função e estética para o paciente. Conclusão: Embora a fratura iatrogênica de mandíbula associada à remoção de terceiros molares seja considerada incomum, é um achado sério que requer tratamento cirúrgico por um especialista em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial.
Exérese de fibroma ossificante periférico gigantiforme: Relato de Caso
Authors: Coli Amanda Achkar , Martini Marcelo Zillo , Andrade Eliezer Laranjeira , Matos Stefany Torres , Castilho Manoel Valentim
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Este estudo descreve um caso atípico de fibroma ossificante periférico (FOP) de grandes proporções, caracterizando a importância da remoção completa da lesão e dos agentes etiológicos. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, que apresentava lesão de aspecto nodular, localizada em rebordo alveolar mandibular à esquerda, de coloração avermelhada e áreas ulceradas, de superfície irregular e consistência fibrosa e firme, pediculada e fixa sobre o rebordo. Verificou-se ainda, elementos dentais com mobilidade expressiva e precária saúde periodontal, bem como o acúmulo generalizado de cálculo dental. Foram solicitados exames imaginológicos, observando-se áreas radiopacas interpostas a um halo radiolúcido, sugestivo de calcificações em meio a tecido fibroso supraperiosteal. Como conduta terapêutica foi realizada a exérese da lesão e dos agentes etiológicos presentes. Discussão: O FOP é uma proliferação gengival com focos de ossificação em seu interior que carece de exame histopatológico para a confirmação do diagnóstico, porém o exame radiográfico também é de grande valia, sendo a excisão cirúrgica a alternativa mais apropriada de tratamento, uma vez que a taxa de recidiva é relativamente alta, necessitando também de acompanhamento. Considerações finais: O FOP apresenta-se como uma lesão reacional que, se em grandes proporções, pode deformar e incapacitar expressivamente o paciente, sendo o tratamento cirúrgico uma excelente alternativa terapêutica que fornece rápida reabilitação e oferece de forma eficaz melhor qualidade de vida para o paciente.
Osteoma de côndilo mandibular como principal causa de assimetria facial progressiva e dor intensa: Relato de caso
Authors: Parente Eduardo , Silva Pinto Samara da
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O osteoma é uma neoplasia benigna que pode acometer o côndilo mandibular e causar assimetrias faciais e distúrbios articulares. Métodos: Após exame da história clínica, tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética e cintilografia óssea, paciente de 58 anos foi diagnosticada com um tumor no côndilo mandibular direito. Foram realizadas condilectomia baixa e cirurgia ortognática do tipo surgery- -first para remover o tumor e corrigir as assimetrias. Resultados: O exame histopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico de osteoma. Excelentes resultados foram obtidos, incluindo boa simetria e equilíbrio facial, oclusão estável e resolução da dor. Conclusão: Osteomas no côndilo mandibular têm implicações funcionais e estéticas e sintomatologia significativa, que podem ser tratadas de forma conservadora.
Uma entrevista com Sylvio Luiz Costa de Moraes
Authors: Moraes Sylvio Luiz Costa de , Pittella Renata
Published: August 2023

O Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo- Facial (CBCTBMF) entrevista, nesta edição da Revista, o Prof. Sylvio Luiz Costa de Moraes, que exerceu as funções de Editor- Chefe deste periódico de janeiro/abril de 2020 (edição v6n1) a janeiro/março de 2023 (edição v9n1).
Cistadenoma de palato duro: relato de um caso raro
Authors: Simões Thamyryz Rafaela Almeida , Jesus Alessandro Oliveira De , Dib Vinicius Branco Elias , Dib Matheus Branco Elias , Dib Jamil Elias
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O cistadenoma do palato duro é uma neoplasia benigna rara com origem nas glândulas salivares menores. Os tumores originários das glândulas salivares menores são encontrados com pouca frequência, localizando-se principalmente no palato duro. Relato do caso: Paciente com 28 anos de idade, sexo feminino, apresentando lesão em palato duro, há cinco anos. Ao exame clínico, observava-se lesão com características de cisto de retenção de glândulas salivares menores, com liberação de substância mucoide escurecida. Resultados: O exame anatomopatológico revelou um arranjo de dupla camada do epitélio com projeções papilares e células relativas a um infiltrado inflamatório crônico, com projeções papilares e células de glândulas como apócrinas e mucosas. A excisão cirúrgica da lesão foi resolutiva, não apresentando sinais de recidiva durante o acompanhamento pós-operatório. Conclusões: É de fundamental importância conhecer essa entidade rara, haja vista que pode ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de outros tumores de origem nas glândulas salivares e cistos de retenção de muco, como mucocele ou tumor de Warthin.
Aplicação de SMED com suporte se simulação computacional para redução de tempo de setup de uma máquina rebobinadeira
Authors: Freires Vitória de Melo , Santos Gabrielly Gil dos , Nery Cibelle Lima Pereira , Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque de , Veroneze Gabriela de Mattos
Published: August 2023

Nos dias atuais as empresas buscam cada vez mais a diversificação do seu portfólio de produtos para alcançar ainda mais mercado, para isso o processo de Setup se torna uma importante etapa no chão de fábrica, sendo necessário esse processo ser rápido e eficiente. O SMED surge então como uma ferramenta com a execução de alguns passos para reduzir o tempo de Setup. Dessa forma, o presente artigo aborda a aplicação da ferramenta de SMED com o objetivo de reduzir o tempo de setup de uma máquina Rebobinadeira, sendo validado as melhorias sugeridas através da Modelagem e Simulação com o software Flexsim. Trata-se de um Estudo de Caso referente a uma máquina Rebobinadeira existente em uma empresa do Polo Industrial de Manaus. Como resultados, o estudo obteve uma redução de mais de 35% na redução de tempo de Setup da máquina, obtidos através da aplicação do passo a passo definidos no SMED e comprovados através da simulação computacional. O estudo evidencia a importância do SMED para aplicação em mais diversas áreas industriais, como também ressalta a importância da simulação que pode ser usada em conjunto com outros conceitos e ferramentas da Engenharia de Produção para validar as sugestões de melhorias.