bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS MEDIADAS PELO COMPUTADOR, EM NUVENS, NA ÁREA DA SAÚDE
Authors: Andrade Alfredo Vasconcelos de , Cruz Diego de Lima , Uchôa João Gabriel Abrantes de Oliveira , Rufino José Augusto Oliveira , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira
Published: October 2024

A área da assistência médica é muito importante nos dias atuais, porém está longe de ser um sistema perfeito. No entanto, ela pode ser potencializada com o uso de novas tecnologias da informação, como a Computação em Nuvem. Visando uma melhoria e a junção dessas duas áreas, neste trabalho, foi feita uma discussão, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica em artigos encontrados no Google Scholar e em sites relacionados à Computação na Nuvem na área da assistência médica, sendo abordados os pontos positivos e os negativos dessa interação. Com os resultados, foi constatada a conclusão de que a computação em nuvem é bastante importante para a assistência médica, tanto na área administrativa, quanto na questão da praticidade, em relação ao compartilhamento de informações entre os profissionais da área sobre a saúde do paciente. Entretanto, há, ainda, algumas dificuldades para que se tenha uma junção harmônica, tais como a insegurança com relação aos dados e a integridade deles.
A VULNERABILIDADE DO CORPO ADOECIDO: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A PRIVACIDADE DE PACIENTES EM SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Andrade Pedro Ikaro Rodrigues de , Oliveira Antônio Ygor Modesto de , Lopes Ana Beatriz Vieira da Cunha , Brito Rebeca Rolim de , Vieira Ana Luiza Fernandes , Castro Cicera Nelly de Alencar
Published: October 2024

O presente capítulo discute A vulnerabilidade do corpo adoecido, tecendo considerações sobre a privacidade de pacientes em serviços de saúde. Na assistência à saúde, a transgressão da intimidade das pessoas pode ocorrer de diversas maneiras e em
diferentes graus, abrangendo desde a informação até o espaço pessoal e territorial, o corpo, a esfera psicológica e moral. É inquestionável o valor disso, no entanto, há questionamentos sobre quais são os limites e as normas para a atuação dos profissionais, considerando os direitos do paciente. A exposição e o contato com o corpo, assim como o acesso às informações, são parte integrante do cuidado de saúde. acredita-se que há uma
urgente necessidade de melhorar a gestão dos serviços de saúde prestados à população, incorporando práticas mais eficientes, resolutivas e acolhedoras no sistema público, além de promover reflexões contínuas sobre a ética e a moralidade dos profissionais no exercício de suas funções.
CONSIDERAÇÕES QUANTO AOS IMPACTOS DO CONSUMO DE DROGA PARENTAL EM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Quintino Thalita Ribeiro , Silva Willas Alves Nunes da , Almino José Álvaro Dantas , Sarmento Júnior Kerles Jácome , Santos Rinaldo de Souza
Published: October 2024

A Pesquisa Nacional Epidemiológica sobre Álcool e Condições
Relacionadas nos Estados Unidos da América entre 2012-2013 revelou que 29,1% dos adultos apresentam um transtorno diagnosticável relacionado ao uso de álcool e 9,9% dos adultos apresentam um transtorno diagnosticável relacionado ao uso de drogas em algum momento de suas vidas. O abuso de substâncias por parte dos pais tem sido associado à desestabilização da coesão e estabilidade familiar e a
efeitos negativos na saúde física e emocional das crianças, bem como em seu desenvolvimento cognitivo a curto e longo prazo.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA EXPOSIÇÃO ÀS TELAS ELETRÔNICAS NO NEURODESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Feitosa Mateus Gomes , Beltrão Filipe Monteiro , Guerreiro Carolina Tavares , Valdivia Paulo Alberto Cosquillo , Lima Sylvia Rannyelle Teixeira , Puentes Oscar Maurício Oliveira
Published: October 2024

A infância, período caracterizado por intensas transformações biológicas e psicossociais, é essencial para o desenvolvimento motor, afetivo-social e cognitivo, momento em que o sistema nervoso central (SNC) passa por constantes processos de
mielinização e organização sináptica, atingindo seu ápice por volta dos 24 meses. Na contemporaneidade, as telas, antes limitadas à televisão, expandiram-se para dispositivos móveis e portáteis, como celulares, tablets e smartphones, que, devido à sua portabilidade, foram rapidamente incorporados à rotina de indivíduos de diversas origens sociais e faixas etárias, incluindo crianças. Neste sentido, o presente estudo observou a A influência da exposição às telas eletrônicas no neurodesenvolvimento infantil.
Impact of Self-Care Practices on the Prognosis of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries: A Narrative Review
Authors: Abiodun OO , Daramola OH , Ikeh UI , Ariyo AD , Akinola A , Agofure O
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a type of diabetes with increasing prevalence in lower- and middle-income countries. Diabetes self-care practices (SCPs) are non-pharmacological treatments essential in maintaining health and well-being and improving the quality of life among DM patients.
Objective: To highlight the diabetes SCPs and their impact on diabetes prognosis in developing countries.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search on Africa Journals Online, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, from year 2000 to 2023, using relevant keywords.
Results: The review highlighted the self-care practices for adequate DM care, including physical activity, diet (healthy eating), self-monitoring of blood glucose, medication adherence, foot care, general body care, and follow-up. The review documented from previous studies that adequate SCPs positively correlated with good glycaemic control, reduction of complications, and improved quality of life among DM patients.
Conclusion: Healthcare systems and policy-makers in developing countries must prioritise and support the integration of SCPs into diabetes management strategies. This will improve DM prognosis and overall well-being for individuals living with diabetes.
Applications of remote sensing technology in agriculture: A review of contributions to food security challenges and strategies in developing countries
Authors: Isaac Wanjala Nangendo
Published: October 2024

In the agricultural sphere, particularly in developing countries where food security is still a major concern, remote sensing technology has also surfaced as an important tool. In this review, the usages of remote sensing in agricultural areas and its contributions to food security are surveyed; The overall framework is illustrated dynamically by indicating available image platforms that were instrumental for agriculture application paradigms. This research identifies certain areas where some selected case studies and existing literature are reviewed to serve as proof that remote sensing technology has been tremendously impactful. Areas like crop monitoring, yield prediction, or natural resource management have been very well reported by the literature review process adopted. This field analysis of related studies used highly sophisticated RS sensor data. The challenges like data availability, technological limitations, and socio-economic factors have been discussed besides the strategies, for instance, capacity building, policy interventions, and prospects for technological advancements. These results underscore the vitality and adoption of remote sensing technologies in agricultural practices and policies which is the key driver of improved food security in developing countries.
Physiological and molecular characterization of novel gut strains isolated from the fecal pellets of Nilgiritragus hylocrius
Authors: Priyanka Srinivasan  , Ganesan Manikka Govinda  , Ganeshram Karuppusamy  , Angayarkanni Jayaraman  , Murugesan Gnanadesigan  , Sasireka Manikandan  , Nivetha Shanmuganathan
Published: October 2024

The Nilgiri Tahr are the high-altitude dwelling mountain ungulates, endemic to the Southern Western Ghats of India. These endangered, hoofed mammals inhabit the unique shola grassland biome. These herbivores feed on a diversity of plants including grasses, herbs, shrubs etc. They play an important ecological role in the maintenance of montane grassland ecosystems. Grazing by Nilgiri Tahrs in the montane grasslands supports the hydrology of these areas. In the present study, four novel gut bacterial species were isolated from the fecal pellets of Nilgiri Tahr. The four isolated strains from the gut of Nilgiri Tahr were characterized through an integrated approach involving morphology, physiology, and phylogeny. Molecular characterization was conducted using universal bacterial primers, followed by sequencing. Homology analysis of the sequences confirmed that the isolates were Bacillus safensis, B. aerius, B. subtilis and B. australimaris. These four Bacillus isolates are of viable importance in maintaining the gut health of Nilgiri Tahr and improves digestion in ruminants. The present study prompts that more intense research could be done on B. safensis to augment its use as biofertilizer , whereas B. aerius, B. subtilis and B. australimaris could have a great potential for enzyme production and bioprospecting studies. However, in depth research is needed and this current research is only a basic study for characterization of gut microbial isolates of Nilgiri Tahr.
Long-distance hand tractor controlled by android system in Wetland Field
Authors: Widi Handoko  , Amin Rejo  , Tamaria Panggabean
Published: October 2024

Modernization of agricultural practices is essential to overcome challenges such as decreasing agricultural labor and decreasing agricultural land in Indonesia. This research examines the development and performance of a hand tractor that is controlled remotely via an Android-based system using the NodeMCU ESP8266 module and a WiFi network. This study focuses on the technical and operational performance of hand tractors in wetlands. Modifications were made to the tractor, by installing three DC motors to control the clutch and gas levers. Tests were carried out on the control system accuracy and response time to assess the system's suitability for field operations. The research results show that the Android system has 100% accuracy in executing all commands given, but the response time decreases as the distance between the Android device and the WiFi module increases, with an average delay reaching 6,8 seconds for a maximum 100 m distance. Field efficiency testing shows that a tractor with Android control has a work efficiency of 70.48% in the plowing process and 75.33% in the harrowing process, lower than with manual control which reaches an efficiency of more than 95%. Despite response delays and reduced efficiency, the system is an important step toward agricultural mechanization, especially in labor-intensive wetlands.
Ciphering of greenhouse gases from constructed wetlands in Lucknow (U. P. India)
Authors: Mamta Rao  , Mohit Kumar  , Abhishek Verma
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates how greenhouse gases (GHGs) contribute to global warming, drawing attention to the substantial effect of human activity on GHG concentrations in the atmosphere. The lower atmosphere warms as a consequence of the absorption as well as the emission of thermal infrared radiation by greenhouse gases, which are both naturally occurring and created by human beings. Since the 1950s, it has been determined that carbon dioxide (CO2) contributes a vital part in tweaking the environmental conditions, with other gases which include methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and CFCs also playing a significant role. India is the third-biggest producer of greenhouse gases (GHGs) due to its enormous population and fast economic growth. This study looks into the GHG emissions from manmade wetlands (CWs) and seasonal assessments conducted in Lucknow and the neighboring wetlands. The emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from CWs are computed using particular formulas and parameters. Utilizing particular formulas and parameters, the emissions of methane and nitrous oxide from CWs are computed. The results emphasize the significance of efficient management techniques such as hydrological control, organic matter control, intermittent drying, shading, adding biochar, and hybrid systems in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands. The mitigation of the ecological consequences of chemical warfare and the fight against global warming necessitates these protocols.
Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial and anti-diabetic activity of three different seaweed extracts
Authors: Venkata Nagendra Prasad. B
Published: October 2024

Aim: Marine seaweed contains potential phytochemical compounds that could able to cure different health issues in humans naturally. Hence the research was aimed to investigate the antibacterial and in vitro anti-diabetic activity of three different seaweed extracts. Methods: Phytochemical compounds like phenol, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids were quantitatively identified. Antibacterial activity of the seaweed extracts were determined against five different test bacteria. In vitro anti-diabetic activity of the extracts were investigated based on its inhibition effect on the alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase activity. Findings: Phytochemical analysis showed more phenolic and flavonoid content in green and brown seaweed extracts and lesser content in red seaweed extract. Antibacterial activity of green and brown seaweed extracts showed good inhibitory zones against all test bacteria ranging from 22.9 ± 0.57 mm to 24.9 ± 0.57 mm (green seaweed extract) and 17.9 ± 0.57 mm to 21.6 ± 0.75 mm (brown seaweed extract) respectively. In vitro anti-diabetic activity of seaweed on the inhibition of enzymes showed promising results. Among the three types, green seaweed extracts showed maximum inhibition of α-Amylase and α-glucosidase activity of 86.6 ± 0.76 % and 82.9 ± 0.57 % respectively. Conclusion: Findings showed that the phytochemicals present in the methanolic extract of seaweeds attribute positively for different pharmacological properties like antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activity. Optimizing the production factors would able to commercialize the seaweeds in drug forms and could be used for the treatment of various diseases in humans.
Kestävyyden käytännöt uhanalaisten lohikalojen virkistyskalastuksessa
Authors: Haapasalo Timo
Published: October 2024

Timo Haapasalon väitöskirja ”Kestävyyden käytännöt uhanalaisten lohikalojen virkistyskalastuksessa” tarkastettiin 13.9.2024 Itä-Suomen yliopistossa Joensuussa. Tämä teksti perustuu Haapasalon väitöstilaisuuden lektioon. Väitöskirjaan voi tutustua osoitteessa: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-61-5268-4
Väitöstilaisuudessa käsitellään tutkimusta, joka keskittyy uhanalaisten lohikalojen virkistyskalastukseen ja sen säätelyyn ekologisen kestävyyden ja tietoperustaisuuden näkökulmista. Tutkimuksen lähtökohta perustuu ekologisen tiedon perusteella määritettyyn kestävyysongelmaan. Merkittävä osa sisävesien vaeltavista järvitaimenkannoista on uhanalaisia, samalla kun ne ovat virkistyskalastajien laajasti tavoittelemia saaliskaloja. Tutkimusotteeltaan ympäristöpragmaattinen väitöskirja keskittyykin kysymykseen siitä, millaisin keinoin uhanalaisten lohikalojen suojelua pystytään yhteensovittamaan virkistyskalastuksen kanssa nykyistä tehokkaammin. Avauspuheenvuorossani argumentoin, että tutkimustietoa kalojen uhanalaisuusarvioiden ja vapautettavien kalojen kannalta suotuisten kalastusmenetelmien osalta tulee hyödyntää kalastuksen säätelyssä entistä johdonmukaisemmin. Lisäksi tehokas kalastuksen kestävyyshaasteisiin vastaaminen edellyttää järjestelmätason reagointia.
PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN DAN PENEMPATAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DP3AP2KB KABUPATEN BIMA
Authors: Junita Dewi , Mukmin Amirul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of the level of relationship and work placement on employee performance at DP3AP2KB Bima Regency.
This type of research is associative using quantitative data types from primary data sources. The research instrument used in this study was a Likert scale questionnaire. The population used in this study were all employees at DP3AP2KB Bima Regency, totaling 101 people, which were divided into 72 ASN, 20 honorary employees and 9 volunteer employees. . The sample in this study were 72 civil servants. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling technique. The sample criteria in this study were employees who had ASN status, totaling 72 respondents. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, documentation, questionnaires and library studies, data analysis techniques using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, multiple correlation coefficients, determination tests, t tests and f tests,
The results of the study show that there is a joint influence between the level of education and work placement on employee performance at DP3AP2KB Bima Regency.
KOMPLEKSITAS DAERAH, PENGAWASAN INTERNAL DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KETEPATWAKTUAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PEMERINTAH DAERAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of the complexity of local government and local government internal control on the timeliness of local government financial reporting in Indonesia. This study produces panel data with a total of 1524 observations from 508 local governments in Indonesia. Data analysis was performed by panel data regression. This study found that there were still local governments in Indonesia during the 2016-2018 period that had not been able to submit their financial reports on time with an average delay of 2 days from the specified reporting deadline. Furthermore, the empirical findings of this study reveal that the complexity of local government does not affect the timeliness of local government financial reporting, while internal control shows a positive influence. This study also recommends local governments to continuously improve the quality of internal control to be more effective and efficient in order to oversee the local government financial reporting process so that it can be completed on time.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI KERJA, BEBAN KERJA DAN KONFLIK KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. HADJI KALLA CABANG KENDARI
Authors: Rizki Selvi Dilyanti , Patulak Lucia Evianti , Makmur Muh. Rizaldi , Badia Bahdin Ahad
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh komunikasi kerja, beban kerja dan konflik kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Cabang Hadji Kalla Kendari. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Cabang Hadji Kalla Kendari. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dimana penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan rumus slovin, jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 56 responden. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi kerja, beban kerja dan konflik kerja secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, komunikasi kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, beban kerja berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dan konflik kerja memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan
Specific aspects of bacteriophage regulation: international practices and future developments
Authors: Davydov D. S. , Parfenyuk R. L. , Durmanova Z. V. , Kazakov R. E. , Movsesyants A. A.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains of pathogens determines the need for fundamentally new antibacterial agents, including bacteriophage preparations. The consistent implementation of phage therapy is hindered by the lack of generally accepted standardised regulatory documents governing the legal and methodological aspects of the production and preclinical and clinical studies of bacteriophage preparations.

AIM. This study aimed to analyse the international experience with the production and lifecycle management of bacteriophage preparations, as well as the main regulatory requirements for the control of their quality, safety, and efficacy.

DISCUSSION. It is difficult to develop virulent bacteriophage preparations in accordance with the existing requirements for other medicinal products because of the biological characteristics of bacteriophages, the wide variety of bacteriophage strains, and the potential for rapid changes both in the bacteriophage population and in the pathogen population. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop streamlined marketing authorisation routes for phage therapies and methods for the assessment of their safety and efficacy. As part of these efforts, it is necessary to assess the adverse events specific to this group of medicinal products, such as the risks of lysogeny, resistance to bacteriophages, and antibiotic resistance gene transfer between bacterial strains. The pharmaceutical development of bacteriophage preparations can be based on several approaches. Many countries worldwide, including the United States, are implementing the concept of Quality by Design, considering approaches based on the Biological Master File, and conducting Expanded Access programmes. The Active Substance Master File procedure allows the submission of a separate document package covering only part of the registration dossier for regulatory approval. Expanded Access programmes provide individual patients with access to innovative medicinal products without approved treatment protocols. In the Russian Federation, the commercial production of bacteriophage medicinal products is conducted in accordance with the quality standards specified in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

CONCLUSIONS. There are fundamental differences in the approaches to phage therapy and its regulation around the world and in the Russian Federation. It is reasonable to supplement the current national guidelines for the safety and efficacy evaluation of bacteriophage preparations, in particular, to specify the requirements for conducting preclinical studies.
Comparative analysis of the results of live anthrax vaccine identification by immunofluorescence and immunochromatography
Authors: Alekseeva S. A. , Kasina I. V. , Nemirovskaya T. I.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. The quality evaluation of live anthrax vaccines will benefit from the implementation of alternative testing methods that are capable of specific identification of the Bacillus anthracis spore antigen using the appropriate diagnostic products that are authorised in the Russian Federation for the detection of B. anthracis spores.

AIM. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of immunofluorescence analysis to the identification of live anthrax vaccines and compare this method with immunochromatography.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study used commercial batches of a live anthrax vaccine and Russian diagnostic products, including diagnostic dry adsorbed fluorescent anti-anthrax spore immunoglobulins and an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) reagent kit for rapid detection and identification of B. anthracis spores (ICA system for B. anthracis). For smears and ICA system reactions, the authors prepared working solutions of bacterial suspensions at spore concentrations typical of the B. anthracis STI-1 vaccine strain. The spore concentrations were achieved using the pharmacopoeial reference standard (RS) for the opacity of bacterial suspensions of 10 international units (IU). Identification reactions involved the registration of immune complex formation.

RESULTS. Immunofluorescence tests of the live anthrax vaccine demonstrated bright greenish-yellow envelope fluorescence with an intensity score of 3+ to 4+ for smears stained with diagnostic immunoglobulins at 1:32 and 1:64 dilutions. Immunochromatographic tests of the live anthrax vaccine detected the spore antigen at vaccine concentrations of 109 and 108 spores/mL, with the test strips showing two distinct dark-pink lines indicative of immunoprecipitation. According to the results obtained using the selected methods, the tested microbial culture was confirmed as B. anthracis.

CONCLUSIONS. Immunochromatography and immunofluorescence tests with appropriate diagnostic preparations are convenient and reliable tools for the species-specific detection of B. anthracis STI-1 spores in the live anthrax vaccine. The results obtained in the anthrax vaccine identification tests provide a basis for recommending the above methods as supplementary alternatives to Ziehl–Neelsen bacteriological staining, which is currently prescribed by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
Изучение влияния нейропептида цикло-L-пролилглицина на содержание BDNF, NGF и Hsp70 в сравнении с пирацетамом в условиях токсического воздействия, вызванного глутаматом и 6-OHDA in vitro
Authors: Колясникова Ксения Николаевна , Николаев Сергей Владимирович , Аляева Анна Григорьевна , Антипова Татьяна Алексеевна , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна
Published: October 2024

Изучено влияние эндогенного циклического дипептида цикло-L-пролилглицина (ЦПГ) и пирацетама на содержание мозгового нейротрофического фактора (BDNF), фактора роста нервов (NGF) и белка теплового шока Hsp70 на иммортализованных клетках гиппокампа мыши линии HT-22 в условиях токсического воздействия, вызванного глутаматом, и на культуре нейробластомы человека линии SH-SY5Y в условиях токсического воздействия, вызванного 6-гидроксидофамином. Показано, что ЦПГ (10–3, 10–7 М) увеличивает содержание как нейротрофинов BDNF и NGF, так и Hsp70, тогда как пирацетам (10–3 М) увеличивает содержание только нейротрофинов. Высказано предположение о возможном участии BDNF и NGF в механизмах действия нейропептида ЦПГ и пирацетама. Кроме того, в эффектах ЦПГ выявлено новое звено цитопротекции, связанное с белком теплового шока Hsp70.
Crisis de cuidados presentes en los acompañamientos de trayectorias educativas de adolescentes y jóvenes con discapacidad. Un análisis en el contexto del covid-19
Authors: Montero Noelia Silvia , Falcón Verónica Gabriela
Published: October 2024

Las reflexiones que orientan este escrito surgen de un proceso de investigación situado en una escuela de educación integral de la modalidad especial, ubicada en el Piedemonte de la provincia de Mendoza, a la que asisten adolescentes y jóvenes con múltiples discapacidades. El equipo técnico escolar, compuesto por profesionales del trabajo social, psicología y terapia ocupacional, tiene la función de realizar un acompañamiento integral a la trayectoria educativa de aproximadamente 120 estudiantes. A raíz del confinamiento producto del covid-19, las estrategias de intervención de dicho equipo se vieron transformadas y tensionadas producto de variables que emergieron o se agudizaron en el contexto de crisis sanitaria. Este estudio de caso cuanti-cualitativo y de tipo exploratorio se propuso, por un lado, explorar la organización social de los cuidados de los y las estudiantes, teniendo en cuenta las afectaciones que estas redes de apoyo sufrieron en el contexto de confinamiento. Y, por otro lado, sistematizar las estrategias de intervención llevadas a cabo desde el contexto escolar, a raíz de lo acontecido, de acuerdo con las oportunidades de aprendizaje que este acontecimiento excepcional implicó.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIME RATES ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER MINERAL FERTILIZATION ON A SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: Shevchuk M. Y. , Golub S. M. , Rovna H. F.
Published: October 2024

Stable productivity, essential for winter wheat as a strategic crop, can only be achieved by meeting its growth and development requirements, especially nutrition. Soddy-podzolic soils, typically highly acidic in their natural state, are unsuitable for realizing winter wheat's full yield potential. Combined fertilizer and lime application is a key factor for grain yield and quality. While lime (CaCO3) is widely used to reclaim acidic soils, determining the optimal application rate, particularly in combination with mineral fertilizers, is crucial. This research investigated the effect of applying 0,5-2,0 lime norms based on soil hydrolytic acidity (Hh, mmol/100 g) combined with a moderate norm of N60P60K60 mineral fertilizers on winter wheat grain yield and quality. The soil had an initial pHKCl of 4.8 and a hydrolytic acidity of 2,3 mmol/100 g of soil. Field, laboratory, calculation, statistical, and generalization methods were employed. The experiment revealed the lowest grain yield in the control and N60P60K60 treatments without liming. Lime application at various rates with N60P60K60 increased grain yield by 0,74-0,89 t/ha compared to the control, with the 1,5 CaCO3 norm by Hh achieving the best results. The application of 2,0 norms of CaCO3 led to a statistical decrease in yield by 0,14 t/ha (p≤0,05) due to a reduction in available nutrient compounds in the soil. Liming also affected the main indicators of grain quality of winter wheat. An increase to the control was found for the weight of 1000 grains and protein content, while the actual weight of the grain decreased. As the most optimal treatment, regarding grain quality, was found out the option of 1,0 CaCO3 norm based on soil hydrolytic acidity in combination with N60P60K60, with the winter wheat grain yield of 3,54 t/ha and an increase in the protein content in it by 6,8% to the background
Finding a Sustainable and Quality Alternative for ABS Plastic in LEGO Plate Usage
Authors: Bonthala Ram , Thantry Amogh
Published: October 2024

A large quantity of plastic is disposed of into the ocean and landfills each year. ABS is a petroplastic that cannot decompose for long periods of time resulting in pollution. Despite consumer-awareness efforts to promote LEGO plastic reusability, manufacturing defects and the uncontrolled disposing of LEGO makes the material they use to make their plastic detrimental to the environment. To resolve this issue, this study targets the replacement LEGO plates through the systematic development of a new bioplastic that can not only biodegrade, but also live up to the precise durability metrics contained by LEGO plastic. This study utilizes a qualitative portion of data analysis to narrow down the bioplastics fully tested against LEGO to 4. Then the bioplastic with the closest metrics to LEGO will be compared and undergo biodegradability and grip strength tests so as to replace the function of LEGO while being biodegradable. The final result of this study was bioplastic 3, one that has within a 15% difference in durability (coefficients of variations of less than 10%) in comparison to LEGO, but is 37% greater in density. Bioplastic 3 is biodegradable and more than $0.70 cheaper to mass produce per pound. While failing in producing a 1 to 1 replica of LEGO made out of more environmentally friendly materials, what this study did discover is hope for a cheap alternative to petroplastics such as ABS, an important implication for the changing field of bioplastic production.
Communicating default changes to hotel room cleaning without reducing guest satisfaction
Authors: Zinn Anna Kristina , Greene Danyelle , Dolnicar Sara
Published: October 2024

Hotels are increasingly moving away from daily room cleaning. Offering room cleaning only upon request has been proven to reduce emissions and save hotels money. However, effective communication is crucial to preserve guest satisfaction. There is a research gap on how to best communicate such default changes and whether different messaging approaches can either increase their efficacy or reduce their effectiveness (e.g., by causing reactance). In a survey experiment (N = 800), we tested different theory-derived messages to accompany changes to room cleaning procedures. Several messaging strategies in combination with a default change proved promising: they reduced intended room cleaning requests while preserving satisfaction ratings. In contrast, a default change alone (without a theory-driven message) was ineffective and reduced satisfaction. In a field experiment, we confirmed the effectiveness of one specific message (leveraging the level of control) in combination with a default change: room cleans were reduced from 99% to 45% whilst maintaining guest satisfaction. Theoretically, our findings point to the effectiveness of combining default changes with theory-derived messages. Practically, we put forward an intervention that hotels can immediately and easily adopt.
From bench to beach: Assessing the reliability of community-based qPCR monitoring for recreational water quality
Authors: Welch Ceilidh P. , Rudko Sydney P. , Peter Bradley , Klimchuk Sarah , Gill Kazvinder , Lu Robert X. , Hanington Patrick C
Published: October 2024

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is increasingly used in recreational water quality monitoring, yet the temporal variability of indicator concentrations as well as the breadth of locations and biological hazards to be monitored continues to present a challenge. Participatory approaches such as community-based monitoring (CBM) are valued in environmental research but the potential for the integration of DNA-based methods has yet to be realized. This study assessed the reliability of a decentralized, community-based qPCR monitoring program for fecal indicator bacteria, Enterococcus spp., in recreational waters. Non-expert community partners were responsible for DNA extraction and qPCR analysis of samples at a satellite laboratory; training, protocols, and materials were provided and standardized by our research team. Comparison of community partner results to those from duplicate samples analyzed by our research team following U.S. EPA Method 1611 revealed a high level of reliability, with 72.8% of community partner results indicating the same beach management decision as Method 1611. Median coefficient of variation between community partner and Method 1611 results ranged from 7.07% to 10.29%. In this study, we demonstrate the ability of non-expert community partners to independently carry out protocols and to generate reliable qPCR monitoring data for water quality indicators and the strong relationship between the results of this community-based approach and gold standard methods. As the employment of DNA-based testing expands, incorporation of these techniques into a CBM framework presents a means to advance and expand traditional monitoring and research approaches by increasing capacity, addressing gaps, fostering greater inclusivity and community engagement in monitoring and management, and improving the accessibility of environmental research.
Inverting the Turing test to track changing intuitions about artificial minds
Authors: Droop Stephanie , Oranç Cansu , Bramley Neil R , Ruggeri Azzurra
Published: October 2024

The rise of large language models and their impressive capabilities suggests their output is indistinguishable from human and that the Turing test has been passed definitively. Much existing work has focused on testing the capabilities of the models. However, it is unknown how people themselves conceive of artificial intelligence technology's putative knowledge or attitudes, and of how they differ from the mental states of humans. By exploring how people interrogate systems to decide whether they are natural or artificial, we show that people fail to spot large language model output most of the time, except for answers to factual questions. We found people systematically overestimate the use of personal questions in a Turing test. However, people are sensitive to brusque, cynical tone, slang and perceived idiosyncrasy as cues to natural human output. Despite claims the Turing test is becoming obsolete, we argue it endures as a probe of evolving lay intuitions about artificial intelligence and a way to track theory of mind expanding to encompass different sorts of mind. Our results shed light on what people think separates humans from machines and may guide later models to detect authorship of text online.
Examining the Connectivity of Anhedonia and Reward Devaluation in a Network of Behavioral Tasks Over Time
Authors: Jordan Duncan
Published: October 2024

Avoidant processing of positive emotional information and facilitatory processing of negative emotional information are related to the experience of anhedonia and anxiety. However, how these cognitive processes inter-relate with self-report symptoms of psychopathology over time is unclear. The current study thus examined behavioral indices of perception, attention, and affective updating in relation to self-report measures of anhedonia and anxiety in dynamic network models at six separate time-points among participants preselected for a wide-range of depression symptoms (N = 101). Findings suggest that two different pathways are associated with emotional information processing over time: one represents an anhedonic circuit, and the second represents a two-node reward devaluation circuit. The first pathway reveals how anhedonia and cognitive functioning are related over time (and, potentially, across levels of analysis) and could inform future longitudinal studies of anhedonic individuals. The second pathway represents a theoretical advance in the conceptualization of reward devaluation by further demonstrating that attentional avoidance and perceptual avoidance of positivity are inter-related. Future studies and network analyses that evaluate anhedonia and devaluative processing of positivity, and that replicate these innovative methods, are needed to elucidate how avoidance of positivity and anhedonia are related as part of a causal system of self-reported symptoms and behavioral tasks.
Estimating Unknown Cut-points in Regression Discontinuity and Kink Designs
Authors: Reese Benjamin F.
Published: October 2024

Regression discontinuity designs (RDD) and regression kink designs (RKD) are popular identification strategies across the social sciences. The relatively weak assumptions required for identifying a causal effect with RDD/RKDs make the designs attractive quasi-experimental methods for causal inference. One limitation of RDD/RKDs is that they rely on an exogenously given and previously known treatment rule. To overcome this limitation, economists (Porter & Yu 2015, Hansen 2017, Boehnke & Bonaldi 2019, and Tanu 2020) and computer scientists (Herlands et al. 2018) have begun to develop methods and tests that can find unknown discontinuities. However, these tests are either largely theoretically focused, computationally intensive, inconvenient to implement, or otherwise do not fit the specific needs of applied political scientists. Accordingly, this paper presents a novel, more flexible, and extremely easy to implement approach to estimate unknown cut-points in both RDDs and RKDs. It is the first method that can detect unknown thresholds in both RDDs and RKDs. I call this method the unknown cut-point regression discontinuity/kink design (UCRDD/UCRKD). It works by uniformly dividing an assignment variable into quantiles to create a distribution of “candidate” cut-points. Each candidate threshold is then tested in a RDD model (Imbens & Kalyanaraman 2012) to find the “best” cut-point, the cut-point that has the largest substantive effect and highest degree of statistical significance. Researchers can use UCRDD/UCRKD to find “tipping-points” in behavior; to determine obscured or non-public policy criteria; and as a diagnostic tool to determine if there are other significant thresholds in their traditional RDD/RKD. In the application section, I apply UCRKD to assess how to define the concept of a minority district and to estimate the treatment effect of minority districts on electoral support for minority candidates.
The problem of ammonoid substantiation of the Artinskian–Kungurian boundary in Western Verkhoyanie
Authors: Kutygin R. V.
Published: October 2024

Kungurian ammonoids had high taxonomic diversity, but were distinguished by an extremely high level of endemism and sharp geographic differentiation. Therefore, outside the regions containing the most important conodont taxa, the Artinskian-Kungurian boundary based on ammonoids must be established through indirect evidence due to the lack of common species with potential global stratotypes of the lower boundary of the Kungurian. A long-term study of the reference sections of the Echian and Tumarian regional stages and their ammonoids made it possible to change the understanding of the bio- and lithostratigraphy of the Artinskian-Kungurian boundary deposits of the Kuranakh structural-facies zone of Western Verkhoyanie. Clarification of the upper boundary of the Khabakh Formation in the stratotype section led to the fact that the ammonoids previously belonging to this formation began to be considered in the lower part of the Orol formation. They characterize the Paratumaroceras? sp. nov. biostratigraphic beds of the lower part of the Tumarian Regional Stage. At the current level of knowledge, the ammonoid substantiation of the Artinskian–Kungurian boundary in Verkhoyanie is difficult due to the existing hiatus corresponding to the Khabakh formation and its age analogues. However, the appearance at the base of the Tumarian Regional Stage of the first paragastrioceratids with a ventral sinus in transverse sculpture (Paratumaroceras? sp. nov.) suggests that the boundary in question is located near the base of the indicated regional stage or even combined with it. For further clearer identification of the Kungurian lower boundary in Verkhoyanie, new studies of the Echian–Tumarian boundary deposits in typical sections, independent of paleontology, are necessary. Such research should primarily include isotope-stratigraphic subdivision and high-precision U-Pb dating.
The ore mineralization of the gold-bearing Murunsky node located within the Aldan Shield
Authors: Kondratieva L. A. , Anisimova G. S. , Kardashevskaia V. N.
Published: October 2024

Mineralogical and geochemical investigations of the underexplored gold ore deposits within the Murunsky node, specifically the Seredinskoye and Andreevskoye ore fields, were conducted utilizing mineralogical and microprobe analytical techniques. The study identified several minerals, including bismuth minerals such as wittichenite and aikinite; cadmium mineral greenockite; cobalt minerals cobaltite and carrollite; arsenic minerals arsenosulvanite and tennantite; antimony minerals antimonite and tetrahedrite; tellurium minerals hessite and Te-canfieldite; mercury mineral cinnabar; thallium minerals raguinite and copper-rich talcusite; and tin minerals kesterite and jeanbandyite. Additionally, potassium sulfide djerfisherite with an unusual silver admixture was discovered. The findings underscore the remarkable and largely untapped potential of the Murunsky massif, particularly concerning its ore mineralization. A notable characteristic of the identified minerals is their non-stoichiometric composition, which includes the presence of impurities and isomorphic substitution of elements, attributed to the disequilibrium conditions under which they formed. The discoveries of raguinite and jeanbandyite represent the first occurrences of these minerals in Russia.
Geochemical analysis of surface natural seepages and hydrocarbon fields of technogenic origin in the Amga River Basin (Siberian platform)
Authors: Zueva I. N. , Chalaya O. N. , Kashirtsev V. A. , Glyaznetsova Yu. S. , Lifshits S. Kh.
Published: October 2024

The presence of substantial accumulations of bitumen is critically significant as they serve as direct indicators of oilbearing regions. However, in the context of environmental studies, their existence complicates the assessment of technogenic soil contamination by oil and petroleum products. The objective of this research was to identify informative geochemical parameters that would facilitate the differentiation between natural surface seepages and technogenic hydrocarbon fields resulting from commercial oil spills. This study examined natural surface oil seepages in the Amga River Basin and technogenic oil contamination near the Amga Oil Depot. Employing classical bituminology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry, a comparative analysis of their compositional characteristics was conducted. Notably, significant differences in geochemical parameters, such as the concentrations of hydrocarbons, resins, asphaltenes, and oxygen-containing compounds, were observed when comparing oil pollution to natural surface seepages for the first time. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that genetic parameters for diagnosing soil contamination by oil, based on biomarker composition, could include the presence of 12- and 13-methylalkanes in the hydrocarbon profile of the pollutant. These compounds are recognized as distinctive biological markers of Cambrian and Early Paleozoic oils from the Nepsko-Botuobinsk oil and gas region. Conversely, these biomarkers were absent in the natural surface oil seepages of Amga. The findings of this research may prove valuable in environmental studies, particularly in monitoring efforts aimed at identifying technogenic oil contamination in soils that are not associated with natural oil seeps.
Risks for the Development of the Russian Human Capital in the Context of Geoeconomic Fragmentation
Authors: Chernenko I. M.
Published: October 2024

Geopolitical tensions, increasing sanction pressure, inequality, and the slowdown of globalization serve as signals of fragmentation in the world economy. However, research on the social consequences of fragmentation remains limited. This study aims to identify the risks to the development of the Russian human capital in the context of geoeconomic fragmentation. Research methods include a systematic literature review and a comparative analysis of the country blocks based on the key indicators of technology development and human capital using World Bank data from 2011 to 2022. Based on political preferences and the level of socio-economic development, Western, Eastern, and Neutral blocks were identified and analyzed among 149 advanced and emerging economies. The results showed significant differences among the blocks in the level of human capital development and indicators of technological development. Russia has advantages in formal education at the level of Western block countries; however, health indicators of the population and the share of investment in science and education remain relatively low. Key risks in the context of fragmentation include further devaluation of human capital, losses associated with migration and health capital, a decrease in the share of high-tech sectors in the structure of value-added, and the proportion of scientific personnel
The Form of the Multinational Enterprises: The Evolution in the Context of the Functional Analysis of Law
Authors: Novikova O. V.
Published: October 2024

In this article, we identify two recent stages in the evolution of the legal form of multinational enterprises (MNEs): the rise of offshore empires by the late 20th century and the emergence of neo-MNEs in the past decade. We examine the gradual shift in the parameters linked to the economic substance unity of MNEs (Part 1) and those associated with their legal multiplicity (Part 2), within the context of the law’s functional analysis. Our findings have revealed that each MNE’s form developmental stage corresponds to changes in all the selected parameters. Furthermore, we note significant changes in the relationship between the MNE’s legal form and its economic substance. This has led us to conclude that the firm’s size is not a necessary characteristic of the MNEs’ form, but serves as a crucial additional criterion for defining the scope of regulatory measures. Simultaneously, optimization of regulatory burdens including the growing importance of sanction compliance is a key factor of forming the MNEs. The differences between new and old MNEs’ forms are primarily the result of technological transformations, reflecting not only a mismatch but also a fluidity in the economic and legal boundaries of MNEs (Part 3). In conclusion, a comprehensive, cross-sectoral approach is required for the legal form of MNEs. Understanding the specifics of neo-MNEs broadens the search scope for new conceptual solutions. States initiate experimental legal regimes, while entrepreneurs develop quasi-public and quasi-corporate structures based on new technologies and quasi-law (standards, customs, soft law). This approach eventually prompts a reevaluation of the normativity concept