bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential Benefits of Dance Movement Therapy in Improving Couple Relations of Individuals Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder—A Review
Authors: Shuper Engelhard Einat , Vulcan Maya
Published: February 2021

A review of current literature indicates that adults diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) feel the need for intimate and sexual relationships and maintain such relationships despite and alongside their difficulties in emotional communication, social interactions, reciprocity, and verbal and non-verbal expression. This understanding calls for the development of intervention programs designed to support the specific needs and address the problems of couples where one partner is diagnosed with ASD. In view of the relevance and significant part played by body and movement in emotional development and psychotherapy, the present article offers a review of studies examining the contribution of dance movement therapy to both the quality of life and functioning of adults with ASD and therapeutic processes in couple therapy. This review aims to establish an infrastructure for the construction of intervention programs and for future studies designed to enhance the quality of life and independence of adults with ASD.
The Association Between Cardiac Illness-Related Distress and Partner Support: The Moderating Role of Dyadic Coping
Authors: Rapelli Giada , Donato Silvia , Pagani Ariela Francesca , Parise Miriam , Iafrate Raffaella , Pietrabissa Giada , Giusti Emanuele Maria , Castelnuovo Gianluca , Bertoni Anna
Published: February 2021

Managing cardiac illness is not easy because it dramatically disrupts people’s daily life and both the patient and his/her spouse are at risk for experiencing distress, which, in turn, may affect the support provided by the partner as caregiver. The partner, in fact, is the main source of support, but his/her support may sometimes be inadequate. In addition, dyadic coping (i.e., the way partners cope together against stress and support each other in times of difficulty) could likely be a moderating factor. The main aim of the present study was to examine the role that dyadic coping (DC, in terms of positive, negative, and common dyadic coping responses) plays in moderating the link between patient and partner cardiac illness-related distress (in terms of anxiety and depression) and partner support (in terms of overprotection, hostility, and partner support for patient engagement). The study included 100 married couples faced with cardiac illness who completed a self-report questionnaire. We analyzed our data in PROCESS using multiple regressions in order to assess the moderating effects of DC responses in the relationship between the couple’s cardiac illness-related distress and partner support. With regard to patient distress, results showed that higher levels of patient anxiety and depression were linked with ineffective partner support (i.e., overprotection and hostility). With regard to partner distress, higher levels of partner depression were linked with hostility; higher levels of partner depression and anxiety were associated with less partner support for patient engagement. Moreover, the association between distress and partner support was moderated by the quality of DC. In particular, low positive DC represented a risk factor for both the patient and the partner during a cardiac illness, as low positive DC exacerbated the link between patient and partner distress and less effective partner support styles. Also, higher levels of negative DC were risky for couples: The association between distress and less adequate partner supportive behaviors was stronger in the case of higher negative DC. These results imply a need for psychosocial interventions for couples in cardiac illness, especially for couples lacking relational competences, such as positive dyadic coping.
Coronavirus Disease 2019: Exploring Media Portrayals of Public Sentiment on Funerals Using Linguistic Dimensions
Authors: Saraff Sweta , Singh Tushar , Biswal Ramakrishna
Published: February 2021

Funerals are a reflective practice to bid farewell to the departed soul. Different religions, cultural traditions, rituals, and social beliefs guide how funeral practices take place. Family and friends gather together to support each other in times of grief. However, during the coronavirus pandemic, the way funerals are taking place is affected by the country's rules and region to avoid the spread of infection. The present study explores the media portrayal of public sentiments over funerals. In particular, the present study tried to identify linguistic dimensions associated with lexical components of social processes, affective processes, fear, and disgust. An exhaustive search of newspaper coverage of funeral and related articles was made for a specific corona period. After an initial screening for the details and language used, a total of 46 newspaper articles on funerals were finalized for the analysis. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software was used to determine the association between linguistic dimensions of function words and words related to social and affective processes, as presented in the newspaper articles. Sentiment Analysis and Cognition Engine (SEANCE) was applied for the analysis of sentiment, social cognition, and social order. Bayesian correlation analysis and regression revealed positive and significant associations between function words and affective processes, between pronouns and social processes, and between negative adjectives and psychological processes of fear and disgust. Also, significant negative associations were found between polarity nouns and psychological processes of fear and disgust and between polarity verbs and psychological processes of fear and disgust. Bayes factor 10 provides strong evidence in favor of the study hypotheses. The media is influenced by the prevailing sentiments in society and reflects their perception of the current social order and beliefs. The findings provide a glimpse into the prevailing sentiment of society through the lens of media coverage. These understandings are expected to enhance our observations of how people express their feelings over the loss of their loved ones and help mental health professionals develop their therapeutic protocols to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-affected population.
Is the Influence of Freud Declining in Psychology and Psychiatry? A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan
Published: February 2021

Sigmund Freud is occasionally perceived as outdated and his work no longer relevant to academia. The citing papers (CPs) that cited Freud works were collected from Web of Science and analyzed. The 10 most common research areas of the CPs were noted, and the overall volume of the respective bodies of literature were retrieved. I computed the annual percentage of the respective bodies of literature that cited Freud. On a separate note, I computed the annual percentage of citations coming from psychology and psychiatry. Results based on 42,571 CPs found that psychology accounted for over half of the citations to Freud. The percentage of psychology papers citing Freud declined gradually from around 3% in the late 1950s to around 1% in the 2010s, in an extent of −0.02% per year over the entire survey period spanning across 65 years from 1956 till 2020 (P < 0.001). In psychiatry, a similar decline was observed, from around 4–4.5% in the late 1950s to just below 0.5% in the 2010s, in an extent of −0.1% per year (P < 0.001). However, a reverse trend was observed for psychoanalysis literature, which generally increased from 10–20% before the 1980s to 25–30% since the 2000s, in an extent of +0.2% per year (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the annual percentage of CPs coming from psychology and psychiatry was decreasing by 0.4% per year (P < 0.001). Bibliometric data supported the notion that Freud's influence was on a decline in psychology and psychiatry fields.
Assessing Engagement in Chinese Upper Secondary School Students Using the Chinese Version of the Schoolwork Engagement Inventory: Energy, Dedication, and Absorption (CEDA)
Authors: Teuber Ziwen , Tang Xin , Salmela-Aro Katariina , Wild Elke
Published: February 2021

The schoolwork engagement inventory: Energy, Dedication, and Absorption (EDA) is a measure of students' engagement in schoolwork and has been demonstrated valid in Western student populations. In this study, we adapted this inventory to and tested its psychometric appropriates in Chinese upper secondary school students (CEDA). Participants were 1,527 general high school students and 850 vocational high school students. The mean age of the total sample was 16.21 years (54.4% females, age span: 15–19 years). The results of confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) showed that a modified one-factor model fitted the data best. The results of the multigroup CFA showed that the factor structure was metrically invariant across school tracks (i.e., general or vocational high school) and scalarly invariant across gender and school types (i.e., ordinary or key school). Moreover, schoolwork engagement was negatively related to emotional exhaustion and positively related to self-efficacy, perseverance of effort, teacher–student relationships, and life satisfaction. Overall, the CEDA can be regarded as a valid measure for the assessment of student engagement in the Chinese upper secondary school context.
Career Choice and Attractiveness of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry as a Medical Specialty: A National French Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Revet Alexis , Raynaud Jean-Philippe , Marcelli Daniel , Falissard Bruno , Catheline Nicole , Benvegnu Grégoire
Published: February 2021

Context: The shortage of child and adolescent psychiatrists in France affects access to early interventions and mental health services and impacts therapeutic practices and prescribing trends. This study aimed to describe factors associated with choosing child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) as a career specialty and with assessing the level of attractiveness of this discipline and its predictors.

Methods: We generated a self-report questionnaire using a modified two-step Delphi approach. The survey was conducted from January 13 to February 16, 2020, and targeted French child and adolescent psychiatrists or psychiatrists, mainly working with children and/or adolescents. We used a logistic regression model to assess the factors associated with the perception of CAP as attractive. A thematic qualitative analysis of the free comments section of the questionnaire was performed.

Results: Of 863 doctors contacted by email, the response rate was 77.4% (668 respondents). Two-thirds of respondents were female and had an official specialization in CAP. One-third were aged between 31 and 40 years. The main reasons for choosing to specialize in CAP were interest in working with children (64.2%), interest in psychotherapy (52.8%), and influence of an internship in CAP during medical studies (46.0%), although only one-third of respondents actually did an internship. Over half of respondents (57.3%) identified personal factors as implicated in their choice of CAP, mainly personal psychotherapy (22.2%) and personal trauma (14.4%). Although only 58.4% of respondents perceived CAP as attractive, 97.8% had no regret about their choice, and 83.5% would make the same career choice today. A positive perception by respondents' surroundings for choosing CAP at the time of the choice was associated with a perception of CAP as currently attractive by respondents (odds ratio: 1.82; 95% confidence interval: 1.27–2.60; p = 0.001).

Conclusion: CAP is in crisis and faces many challenges in France, with an urgent need to redress its demographics. Many child and adolescent psychiatrists do not regret their choice and would choose the same specialty today. To increase its attractiveness, better visibility during medical school, enhanced academic recognition, and increased remuneration seem promising.
Recent Advances in the Evaluation of Serological Assays for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19
Authors: Chiereghin Angela , Zagari Rocco Maurizio , Galli Silvia , Moroni Alessandra , Gabrielli Liliana , Venturoli Simona , Bon Isabella , Rossini Giada , Saracino Ilaria Maria , Pavoni Matteo , Lafratta Silvia , Deni Alessandro , Felici Silvia , Borghi Michele , Guerra Luca , Raumer Luigi , Lodi Vittorio , Viale Pierluigi , Attard Luciano , Lazzarotto Tiziana ,   IRCCS St. Orsola Polyclinic of Bologna COVID-19 Research Team
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Few data on the diagnostic performance of serological tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are currently available. We evaluated sensitivity and specificity of five different widely used commercial serological assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2–specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies using reverse transcriptase-PCR assay in nasopharyngeal swab as reference standard test.

Methods: A total of 337 plasma samples collected in the period April–June 2020 from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive (n = 207) and negative (n = 130) subjects were investigated by one point-of-care lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA IgG and IgM, Technogenetics) and four fully automated assays: two chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA-iFlash IgG and IgM, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech and CLIA-LIAISON® XL IgG, DiaSorin), one electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA-Elecsys® total predominant IgG, Roche), and one enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA IgA, Euroimmune).

Results: The overall sensitivity of all IgG serological assays was >80% and the specificity was >97%. The sensitivity of IgG assays was lower within 2 weeks from the onset of symptoms ranging from 70.8 to 80%. The LFIA and CLIA-iFlash IgM showed an overall low sensitivity of 47.6 and 54.6%, while the specificity was 98.5 and 96.2%, respectively. The ELISA IgA yielded a sensitivity of 84.3% and specificity of 81.7%. However, the ELISA IgA result was indeterminate in 11.7% of cases.

Conclusions: IgG serological assays seem to be a reliable tool for the retrospective diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. IgM assays seem to have a low sensitivity and IgA assay is limited by a substantial rate of indeterminate results.
Delivering High-Quality, Equitable Care in India: An Ethically-Resilient Framework for Healthcare Innovation After COVID-19
Authors: Ozair Ahmad , Singh Kaushal Kishor
Published: February 2021

Developing countries struggle to provide high-quality, equitable care to all. Challenges of resource allocation frequently lead to ethical concerns of healthcare inequity. To tackle this, such developing nations continually need to implement healthcare innovation, coupled with capacity building to ensure new strategies continue to be developed and executed. The COVID-19 pandemic has made significant demands of healthcare systems across the world—to provide equitable healthcare to all, to ensure public health principles are followed, to find novel solutions for previously unencountered healthcare challenges, and to rapidly develop new therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Countries worldwide have struggled to accomplish these demands, especially the latter two, considering that few nations had long-standing systems in place to ensure processes for innovation were on-going before the pandemic struck. The crisis represents a critical juncture to plan for a future. This future needs to incorporate a vision for the implementation of healthcare innovation, coupled with capacity building to ensure new strategies continue to be developed and executed. In this paper, the case of the massive Indian healthcare system is utilized to describe how it could implement this vision. An inclusive, ethically-resilient framework has been broadly laid out for healthcare innovation in the future, thereby ensuring success in both the short- and the long-term.
Economic Burden of Myocardial Infarction Combined With Dyslipidemia
Authors: Chen Pingyu , Zhang Mengran , Zhang Yan , Su Xi , Chen Jiyan , Xu Biao , Tao Jianhong , Wang Zhen , Ma Aixia , Li Hongchao
Published: February 2021

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common comorbidity and an important risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to examine the economic burden of MI combined with dyslipidemia in China.

Methods: Patients who were hospitalized due to MI combined with dyslipidemia in 2016 were enrolled. Costs were measured based on electronic medical records and questionnaires. The annual costs were analyzed by conducting descriptive statistics, univariable, and multivariable analyses.

Results: Data of 900 patients were analyzed, and 144 patients were dead during the follow-up. The majority of patients were aged 51–70 years (n = 563, 62.55%) and males (n = 706, 78.44%). For all-cause costs, the median annual direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs, indirect costs, and total costs were RMB 13,168 (5,212–29,369), RMB 600 (0–1,750), RMB 676 (0–1,787), RMB 15,361 (6,440–33,943), respectively; while for cardiovascular-related costs, the corresponding costs were RMB 12,233 (3,795–23,746), RMB 515 (0–1,680), RMB 587 (0–1,655), and RMB 14,223 (4,914–28,975), respectively. Lifestyle and complications significantly affected both all-cause costs and cardiovascular-related costs.

Conclusions: Increasing attention should be paid to encourage healthy lifestyle, and evidence-based medicine should focus on optimal precautions and treatments for complications, to reduce the economic burden among MI patients with a comorbid dyslipidemia.
Leveraging Geometry to Enable High-Strength Continuum Robots
Authors: Childs Jake A. , Rucker Caleb
Published: February 2021

Developing high-strength continuum robots can be challenging without compromising on the overall size of the robot, the complexity of design and the range of motion. In this work, we explore how the load capacity of continuum robots can drastically be improved through a combination of backbone design and convergent actuation path routing. We propose a rhombus-patterned backbone structure composed of thin walled-plates that can be easily fabricated via 3D printing and exhibits high shear and torsional stiffness while allowing bending. We then explore the effect of combined parallel and converging actuation path routing and its influence on continuum robot strength. Experimentally determined compliance matrices are generated for straight, translation and bending configurations for analysis and discussion. A robotic actuation platform is constructed to demonstrate the applicability of these design choices.
Maternity Care Preferences for Future Pregnancies Among United States Childbearers: The Impacts of COVID-19
Authors: Gildner Theresa E. , Thayer Zaneta M.
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted maternity care decisions, including plans to change providers or delivery location due to pandemic-related restrictions and fears. A relatively unexplored question, however, is how the pandemic may shape future maternity care preferences post-pandemic. Here, we use data collected from an online convenience survey of 980 women living in the United States to evaluate how and why the pandemic has affected women’s future care preferences. We hypothesize that while the majority of women will express a continued interest in hospital birth and OB/GYN care due to perceived safety of medicalized birth, a subset of women will express a new interest in out-of-hospital or “community” care in future pregnancies. However, factors such as local provider and facility availability, insurance coverage, and out-of-pocket cost could limit access to such future preferred care options. Among our predominately white, educated, and high-income sample, a total of 58 participants (5.9% of the sample) reported a novel preference for community care during future pregnancies. While the pandemic prompted the exploration of non-hospital options, the reasons women preferred community care were mostly consistent with factors described in pre-pandemic studies, (e.g. a preference for a natural birth model and a desire for more person-centered care). However, a relatively high percentage (34.5%) of participants with novel preference for community care indicated that they expected limitations in their ability to access these services. These findings highlight how the pandemic has potentially influenced maternity care preferences, with implications for how providers and policy makers should anticipate and respond to future care needs.
Case Report: Return to Sport Following the COVID-19 Lockdown and Its Impact on Injury Rates in the German Soccer League
Authors: Seshadri Dhruv R. , Thom Mitchell L. , Harlow Ethan R. , Drummond Colin K. , Voos James E.
Published: February 2021

The Bundesliga made headlines for becoming the first major sports league to return to sport worldwide following COVID-19 lockdown. To-date, there lacks retrospective studies on longitudinal injury rates to elucidate the effect isolation measures had on the health and safety of professional athletes. This study sought to compare injury rates experienced by Bundesliga athletes before and after the COVID-19 lockdown. Data was collected from public injury and player reports regarding the Bundesliga, with injury defined as trauma resulting in loss of game time. Descriptive statistics were used to present differences in injury incidence between all Bundesliga Match days pre- and post-lockdown. Between the league's resumption and completion on May 16 and June 27, 2020, injuries occurred in 21 forwards (FW), 11 central midfielders (CM), 12 wide midfielders (WM), 16 central defenders (CD), 6 fullbacks (FB), and 2 goalkeepers. Players had 1.13 (95% CI 0.78, 1.64) times the odds of being injured following the COVID-19 lockdown, with a 3.12 times higher rate of injury when controlling for games played compared to injury rates pre-lockdown (0.84 injuries per game vs. 0.27 injuries per game). The most frequent injury group was muscular injuries with 23 injuries total, with 17% of athletes experiencing injury during their first competitive match following lockdown. Injury rate increased over 3-fold following COVID-19 lockdown. Athletes did not experience an increased rate of injury with more cumulative competitive matches played. High injury incidence for players yet to complete their first competitive match may imply suboptimal sport readiness following home confinement.
Nitrogen Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural and Environmental Science in India
Authors: Móring Andrea , Hooda Sunila , Raghuram Nandula , Adhya Tapan Kumar , Ahmad Altaf , Bandyopadhyay Sanjoy K. , Barsby Tina , Beig Gufran , Bentley Alison R. , Bhatia Arti , Dragosits Ulrike , Drewer Julia , Foulkes John , Ghude Sachin D. , Gupta Rajeev , Jain Niveta , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar R. Mahender , Ladha Jagdish K. , Mandal Pranab Kumar , Neeraja C. N. , Pandey Renu , Pathak Himanshu , Pawar Pooja , Pellny Till K. , Poole Philip , Price Adam , Rao D. L. N. , Reay David S. , Singh N. K. , Sinha Subodh Kumar , Srivastava Rakesh K. , Shewry Peter , Smith Jo , Steadman Claudia E. , Subrahmanyam Desiraju , Surekha Kuchi , Venkatesh Karnam , Varinderpal-Singh  , Uwizeye Aimable , Vieno Massimo , Sutton Mark A.
Published: February 2021

In the last six decades, the consumption of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the form of fertilizer in India has been growing rapidly, whilst the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of cropping systems has been decreasing. These trends have led to increasing environmental losses of Nr, threatening the quality of air, soils, and fresh waters, and thereby endangering climate-stability, ecosystems, and human-health. Since it has been suggested that the fertilizer consumption of India may double by 2050, there is an urgent need for scientific research to support better nitrogen management in Indian agriculture. In order to share knowledge and to develop a joint vision, experts from the UK and India came together for a conference and workshop on “Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Nitrogen Science in India.” The meeting concluded with three core messages: (1) Soil stewardship is essential and legumes need to be planted in rotation with cereals to increase nitrogen fixation in areas of limited Nr availability. Synthetic symbioses and plastidic nitrogen fixation are possibly disruptive technologies, but their potential and implications must be considered. (2) Genetic diversity of crops and new technologies need to be shared and exploited to reduce N losses and support productive, sustainable agriculture livelihoods. (3) The use of leaf color sensing shows great potential to reduce nitrogen fertilizer use (by 10–15%). This, together with the usage of urease inhibitors in neem-coated urea, and better management of manure, urine, and crop residues, could result in a 20–25% improvement in NUE of India by 2030.
Fragment rękopiśmiennego utworu Wykład nabożny piosnki „Salve Regina” (poł. XVI wieku) Jerzego Argiglobyna w kontekście reformacji. Nazwy sekwatywne i nazwy własne.
Authors: Michalska-Górecka Paulina
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to present a fragment of Wykład nabożny piosnki „Salve
Regina” (A pious interpretation of the song “Salve Regina”), a ca. mid-16th-century
manuscript by Jerzy Argiglobyn, in the context of the Reformation by means of
a lexical and semantic analysis of the sequative names (Lat. nomina sequativa) and
proper names occurring there. The selection of the fragment was determined by the
fact that, on the one hand, it is the essence of the discussed manuscript as a polemic
work, which arises from the accumulation of references to the Reformation, and
on the other hand, this fragment is the most problematic one when it comes to
a lexical and semantic analysis. The author of the manuscript, when referring to
the Reformation, enumerates the names of the theologians associated with it and
mentions the places important to the new faith and the followers of the proliferating
Reformation denominations. He provides each piece of such information in
a manner presenting it in a negative, at times even insulting, light.
Tekst Unii lubelskiej jako dokument epoki.
Authors: Dubisz Stanisław
Published: February 2021

The union concluded at the Sejm meeting held in Lublin in 1569 established
common institutions of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania,
thus creating the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which survived until 1795.
Apart from the ruler elected jointly by the nobility of both countries, it established
the common Sejm, foreign and defence policies, and the common coin. The
army, treasury, legal systems, administration, and judiciary remained separate.
From the philological point of view, the following markers are substantial for
characterising the Union of Lublin act: the Polish language of the text and its
stylistic affi nity, diversity of the forms of the names of the document signatories,
text composition and its offi cial and rhetoric style markers determining its
informative and persuasive functions.
Nazwiska z formantem -yk/-czyk na Białostocczyźnie. Uwagi interpretacyjne.
Authors: Mordań Michał
Published: February 2021

This paper concerns the interpretation problems accompanying the
contemporary surnames with the formative -yk/-czyk (on the example of the
Białystok region). Its aim is to present various manners of explaining the origin
of anthroponyms with this suffi x.
As the analysis has shown, the complexity of the problems involved in
determining the etymology of the discussed surnames is manifested mainly
on the structural plane and regards anthroponyms coming from fi rst names
(Dziemiańczyk, Tomczyk), appellative surnames (Gołowaczyk, Kulawczyk),
surnames coined based on expressions indicating a profession or function
(Atamańczyk, Tokarczyk), and ones coined based on place names (Majdańczyk,
Nurczyk).
Mowa nienawiści
Authors: Cegieła Anna
Published: February 2021

Hate speech is an object of interest among representatives of various
disciplines. Sociology describes it as discrimination of the social groups in which
one is a member regardless of their will. Hate speech is defi ned similarly from
the angle of political correctness. Communication ethics treats hate speech as
a variety of communication violence and an element of the exclusion strategy.
Due to the legal consequences of using hate speech, linguistic criteria for
recognising it are necessary. They are proposed by Jadwiga Linde-Usiekniewicz,
who draws on the relevance theory. A thorough assessment of the utterance or
statement categorised as hate speech requires, however, an analysis of a broader
situational context.
Kiedy nauka grzeczności idzie w las. Rozmowy polityków w mediach.
Authors: Dąbkowska Anna
Published: February 2021

The object of this paper is politicians’ utterances and statements of the
period 2011-2019, which were addressed in the media (the radio, television,
and Twitter) to other politicians and journalists. This paper intends to describe
8 most common manners of depreciating political opponents and their actions.
The research material under analysis shows that the language used by Polish
politicians, no matter which party they are members of, becomes more and
more impolite. At times, such verbal behaviours fulfi l the ludic function and
are desired by the audience, listeners, or readers. However, the described
phenomenon is disturbing since the media and the people who appear there
form the everyday language behaviours of Poles.
Ewolucje i rewolucje w wybranych gatunkach dziennikarskich po 1989 roku (reportaż i artykuł wiralowy).
Authors: Wolny-Zmorzyński Kazimierz
Published: February 2021

Over the past three decades, under the infl uence of the development of
electronic techniques and changes in the awareness of media recipients arising
from the freedom of speech, reportage has evolved and a new genre, i.e. a viral
article, has occurred. After 1989, reporters, relishing the hint of freedom, began
to depart from the habits of the passing (authoritarian) epoch and make changes
to the poetics of the genre. These changes concern the following spheres: the topic
taken up by reporters; the form (structure, shape); the language; the reporter’s
attitudes; the media. Before 1989, journalistic texts had been addressed to the
educated reader who was able to understand many overtones, understatements,
and hints, and currently, authors of reportages and viral articles talk about the
reality and the world surrounding them in a straightforward manner, apply
the simplest stylistic solutions and devices in order to fi nd the shortest way to the
recipient’s imagination, and thus to the largest possible group of readers.
Słownictwo geograficzne
Authors: Adamiec Dorota
Published: February 2021

The beginnings of the Polish geographical terminology are associated
with the birth of modern science. Its further development is a response to the
increasing communication needs in the fi eld of geography. In the initial phase,
the fundamental base of geographical vocabulary is resources of the general
language. The progressing specialisation of scientifi c research requires the
application of an increasing number of precise terms. Geographical terms have
been coined in accordance with the general rules characteristic of special lexis.
The resource includes: foreign quotations, borrowings with various degrees of
assimilation, new Polish words and multi-word units coined with the use of
common nomination mechanisms. Geography is a fi eld that is closely related to
other sciences, and hence it is characterised by a large number of terms that are
common to fi elds such as astronomy and geology.
Terminologia medyczna w Nowym dykcjonarzu Michała Abrahama Troca na tle źródeł z XVI i XVII wieku.
Authors: Kuryłowicz Beata
Published: February 2021

In this paper, 74 medical terms excerpted from Nowy dykcjonarz (New
dictionary) by Michał Abraham Trotz were subject to semantic and formal
analyses. The relevant material was presented in the context of the medical
lexis being in operation in the 16th and 17th centuries and confronted with the
medical vocabulary present in the study by W. Bystrzonowski titled Informacya
matematyczna (Mathematical information) of 1749.
The analysis of the medical terminology collected by Trotz is aimed to expand
our knowledge of the medical vocabulary present in the Polish language of the
fi rst half of the 18th century since, as specialists note, there are few studies
discussing the medical lexis of that period, and therefore our cognition of the
scientifi c sphere of the human activity in this respect is limited.
The presented analyses show that the medical terminology collected in
Nowy dykcjonarz is mainly old lexis, which is well-established in the Polish
language, the origin of which is Polish (lexical borrowings include 13 units),
and which came into existence as a result of word formation, syntactic, and
semantic derivation. The presence of numerous synonymous names, which
prove, among others, that the Polish medical terminology has still been in the
phase of formation, has also been noticed.
Wkład dwudziestolecia międzywojennego w ewolucję polszczyzny.
Authors: Woźniak Ewa
Published: February 2021

The object of this paper is the extent and dynamics of language changes in
the interwar period. The rebirth of Poland in 1918 and the resulting sociopolitical
and cultural transformations caused major changes in the use of Polish as
compared to the period of the Partitions. The process of language unifi cation,
in particular on the phonetic plane, accelerated in the new conditions. The
interwar period set the language development directions as regards word
formation, namely expansion of acronyms, use of surnames as the derivation
basis, and creation of hybrid structures with prefi xes and other elements of
foreign provenance. The interwar period’s contribution to the evolution of the
Polish language is internationalisation of vocabulary on the one hand and its
Polonisation on the other hand. The ground-breaking nature of the period
1918–1939 is evidenced also by the multiplication of the lexical resource of the
language. The unappreciated role the interwar period played in the evolution
of Polish needs to be verifi ed and exposed in the periodisation of the history of
language.
Język prawno-administracyjny okresu dwudziestolecia międzywojennego.
Authors: Malinowska Ewa
Published: February 2021

The object of this sketch is the legal and administrative Polish language of
the interwar period, that is the time of the Second Polish Republic. Regaining
the statehood after one and a half century of the Partitions marked signifi cant
transformations in the history of the nation and the society, the return of
the Polish language to offi ces, the gradual standardisation of the language
of administration, unifi cation and codifi cation of law. The political system of
the Second Polish Republic evolved. The system of parliamentary democracy,
adopted in 1919 and established in the March Constitution, transformed
gradually, in particular after the May Coup in 1926, into the authoritarian
system. The principal value in the March Constitution is the nation, which was
bestowed with power. In the April Constitution, the principal value is the state
as the common good of all citizens.
There were not enough Poles with a good background among administrative
offi cers. A major role in preparing templates of documents was played by lawyers,
who gave consideration also to language aspects.
Język jako przedmiot refleksji w ujęciu artystów pióra dwudziestolecia międzywojennego.
Authors: Sokólska Urszula
Published: February 2021

This paper is an attempt at drawing attention to the role played by remarkable
authors of the interwar period in creating the national language. It discusses
selected statements of artists such as J. Tuwim, T. Boy-Żeleński, J. Przyboś,
S. Żeromski, B. Jasieński, J. Kurek, and T. Peiper, for whom language is not
only a literary material but also an object of studies and refl ection expressed
directly, in separate quasi-linguistic texts. This served the purpose of exhibiting
the methods of giving consideration to linguistic issues by non-linguists.
Antysemityzm w polskiej prasie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Leksyka nagłówków prasowych tygodnika „Pod Pręgierz”
Authors: Wojtyńska-Nowotka Milena
Published: February 2021

This paper is dedicated to the lexical issues of the Polish language of the
interwar period approached from the angle of language ethics. It represents the
stream of structuralist research and has been prepared in accordance with the
synchronic method. The author concentrates on describing selected aspects of
the language of newspaper headlines. The object of the research paper is the
lexical corpus of 106 issues representing 5 annals of a radical antisemitic weekly
titled „Pod Pręgierz” (“In the Pillory”). The outcome of the performed analysis
of the vocabulary of headlines has shown that the dominance of the lexical
linguistic measures which negatively evaluate the Jewish community fully fi ts
the lexis of „Pod Pręgierz” into the phenomenon of language aggression.
Od znaczenia do konceptu: pragmatyczno-kulturowe aspekty specyfikacji semantycznej.
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander
Published: February 2021

The author discusses theoretical issues of functional semantics,
especially such directions of the contemporary anthropological linguistics as
ethnosemantics and cognitive semantics. The diversification of the content of
a lexical meaning under the influence of external, mainly pragmatic and cultural,
factors is the primary object of interest here. Therefore, the author considers the
degree of semantic specification of lexical units at various levels of interpersonal
communication: both general and subcultural. As assumed by the contemporary
cultural linguistics, a concept is considered to be a category of representation
of knowledge encoded in language signs. The author gives arguments in favour
of the view that the opposition of the (lexical, general) meaning and concept is
gradual and concerns the scope of semantic information encoded in the sign in
accordance with adaptive requirements.
O nieujednoliconej semantyce terminów czynność seksualna, inna czynność seksualna i obcowanie płciowe w dyskursie prawnym
Authors: Kowalczyk Joanna
Published: February 2021

This paper discusses three basic legal terms describing forms of sexual
activity, i.e. czynność seksualna (sexual act), obcowanie płciowe (sexual
intercourse), and inna czynność seksualna (another sexual act). The overview
was made against generalised concepts of prawa seksualne (sexual rights) and
wolność seksualna i obyczajność (sexual freedom and decency). Consideration
was given to pragmatic bipolarity of all terms, which assumed the form of torts
or interests protected by law in legal texts and texts of the law.
It was also noticed that there was no consistency in the methods of
determining the meanings of the examined units in terms of jurisdiction and
views of legal academics and therefore the study made an attempt at defining the
indicated terms by capturing and interpreting ontological characteristics, which
separate each concept semantically.
The methodological structure was the linguistic and systemic criterion,
which enabled the analysis of the identified terms in accordance with the special
pragmatics of legal discourse.
Jeszcze słowo o  słowem
Authors: Danielewiczowa Magdalena
Published: February 2021

This paper discusses the Polish expression  słowem (in a word)
and its lexical variants. The author offers arguments in favour of the hypothesis
that one of these variants may be, despite all formal differences, the expression
krótko mówiąc (in short). The analysed unit represents particles and, as such,
belongs to the class of metatext operators. The main purpose of this study is to
show that there is a conversion relationship between the expression
słowem and the word mianowicie (namely), which are conclusively described
by Bogusławski (2004). The claim is supported by examples many of which
correspond to the ones presented in the abovementioned work by Bogusławski.
Szyk wyrażeń jako cecha dystynktywna w polu komentarzy metatekstowych: [Adv] mówiąc, _ vs Mówiąc [Adv], _
Authors: Żabowska Magdalena
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to point to word order as a property differentiating
linguistic entities in the class of metacommentaries. This property was not
recognised in earlier analyses of quasi-participial structures with adverbs.
As a result of the analyses, two arrangements have been distinguished, i.e.
[Adv] mówiąc ([Adv] speaking) and mówiąc [Adv] (speaking [Adv]), which – along
with linear and prosodic features – differ in terms of the following properties:
a) syntactic and semantic, i.e. the set and form of adverbs, acceptable adverbial
transformations, coexistence with negation; b) functional, i.e. the resultant of
a quasi-participial operation vs. metatextual unit of the system, possibility to
elide an adverb.
Leksykalizacja zdań rozwijających z wyrażeniami cokolwiek i co w funkcji komentarza metatekstowego
Authors: Stępień Marzena
Published: February 2021

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the lexicalisation and pragmaticalisation
process, as a result of which – in modern Polish – developing clauses, also called
non-integrated appositive relative clauses, give rise to metatextual expressions,
which comment on a statement/utterance (discourse markers) in the form co
by nie / cokolwiek by nie (whatever you) with supplementations in the form of
infi nitives mówić, powiedzieć, rzec (say). The expressions were subject to an
analysis intended to determine their distribution, form and connectivity, as
well as semantic and syntactic properties, including functions in the thematicrhematic structure. The discussions allowed also for the possibility to interpret
the described phenomenon in the categories of conventional implicature.
Operatory adnumeratywne typu marny, dobry, bity – próba charakterystyki formalno-semantycznej.
Authors: Doboszyńska-Markiewicz Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the multitude and variety of expressions in the Polish
language (e.g. góra, minimum, maks, raptem, bagatela, wszystkiego, po (at most,
at least, max., only, merely, altogether)), which could be classifi ed as adnumerative
operators as defined by Maciej Grochowski. They include metapredictive
adjectives such as dobry (milion) (a good (million)), ładne (100 kilometrów) (a good
(100 kilometres)), bite (200 stron) (a whole (200 pages)), nędzne (200 złotych)
(a measly (200 zloty)), which are characterised by connectivity with selected
(standard and non-standard) units of measurement. The semantic and syntactic
analysis of corpus examples shows that the discussed adjectives differ from their
equivalents from the relevant language level in formal terms (non-predicativity,
non-contrastivity, non-gradability, non-negativity) and semantic terms
(communicating evaluations ‘to dużo’ (it’s much/many), ‘to mało’ (it’s little/few),
indicating a precise or an approximate value, reinforcing assertion).
Czy wyczyn to wyjątkowy czyn? O semantyce leksemów wyczyn i czyn uwagi wstępne.
Authors: Świątek Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the author analyses the Polish nouns czyn (an act) and wyczyn
(a feat). She aims to fi nd semantic differences between these units. The author
quotes selected dictionary defi nitions, analyses examples from NKJP (National
Corpus of Polish); in her discussions, she refers to both philosophical theories
(by H. Arendt, Cz.S. Bartnik, R. Ingarden, K. Wojtyła), and linguistic diagnoses
(by A. Bogusławski, M. Danielewiczowa, I. Duraj-Nowosielska, A. Wierzbicka).
The author concludes that, despite the guidance provided in some lexicographic
studies, the lexeme wyczyn cannot be defi ned with the phrase ‘wyjątkowy czyn’
(an exceptional act).
Employee Well-Being Evaluation and Proposal of Activities to Increase the Level of Health’s Area—The Czech Case
Authors: Horváthová Petra , Kashi Kateřina , Štverková Hana , Mikušová Marie
Published: February 2021

Well-being and its evaluation, is currently considered one of the key trends in the practice of companies in the world and in the Czech Republic. Research in the field of well-being confirms that there is a positive correlation between a company’s well-being and the company’s performance. Satisfied and healthy employees contribute to the prosperity of the company through their higher work productivity and efficiency, and indirectly, through reduced incapacity for work and presenteeism. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the employees’ well-being of a specific company in the Czech Republic and propose activities for increasing the level of the most problematic of five areas of employees’ well-being. The authors formulated two research questions and two hypotheses. Research questions were answered on the basis of the evaluation of an online questionnaire survey among 463 production staff of the company, hypotheses were statistically confirmed. The main results of this article include the identification of the most problematic area of well-being—the area of health—as well as the proposal of specific activities to improve the level of this area, the introduction which should achieve higher level of employees work productivity. The benefits of well-being show that companies should pay attention to it.
Exploring Consumers’ Discontinuance Intention of Remote Mobile Payments during Post-Adoption Usage: An Empirical Study
Authors: Koghut Maksym , AI-Tabbaa Omar
Published: February 2021

Despite being critical to continuous technology usage, research on remote mobile payments (m-payments) post-adoption usage has received much less attention. Furthermore, information systems usage research has traditionally been positively oriented, generally assuming that the inhibiting and enabling factors influencing technology usage as being the opposite sides of one dimension, which may result in overlooking antecedents to technology continuance. Therefore, this study aims to explore the inhibiting factors that may directly influence customers’ intention to discontinue m-payments during post-adoption usage. Drawing on behavioral theories, information systems, and marketing research, this study explores the inhibiting factors directly influencing consumers’ intentions to discontinue using m-payments. Survey data were collected from 254 current users in the UK and the PLS-SEM technique is employed to test hypotheses. The results show that poor quality of system, information, and service, as usage inhibitors, directly influence consumers’ discontinuance intentions. Importantly, usage frequency is found to have no moderating effect on the inhibitors of continuance intention, supporting the notion about different and asymmetric effects that negative factors can have on technology usage compared to positive ones. This interesting finding suggests that negative user experience will have different and asymmetric effects on intentions to use m-payments than positive user experience.
Configuration Study of Electric Helicopters for Urban Air Mobility
Authors: Cole Julia A. , Rajauski Lauren , Loughran Andrew , Karpowicz Alexander , Salinger Stefanie
Published: February 2021

There is currently interest in the design of small electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft to alleviate ground traffic and congestion in major urban areas. To support progress in this area, a conceptual design method for single-main-rotor and lift-augmented compound electric helicopters has been developed. The design method was used to investigate the feasible design space for electric helicopters based on varying mission profiles and technology assumptions. Within the feasible design space, it was found that a crossover boundary exists as a function of cruise distance and hover time where the most efficient configuration changes from a single-main-rotor helicopter to a lift-augmented compound helicopter. In general, for longer cruise distances and shorter hover times, the lift-augmented compound helicopter is the more efficient configuration. An additional study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of decoupling the main rotor from the tail rotor. This study showed that decoupling the main rotor and tail rotor has the potential to reduce the total mission energy required in all cases, allowing for increases in mission distances and hover times on the order of 5% for a given battery size.