bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Research Data Availability and Quality According to the FAIR Principles
Authors: Uribe S.E. , Sofi-Mahmudi A. , Raittio E. , Maldupa I. , Vilne B.
Published: June 2022

According to the FAIR principles, data produced by scientific research should be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable—for instance, to be used in machine learning algorithms. However, to date, there is no estimate of the quantity or quality of dental research data evaluated via the FAIR principles. We aimed to determine the availability of open data in dental research and to assess compliance with the FAIR principles (or FAIRness) of shared dental research data. We downloaded all available articles published in PubMed-indexed dental journals from 2016 to 2021 as open access from Europe PubMed Central. In addition, we took a random sample of 500 dental articles that were not open access through Europe PubMed Central. We assessed data sharing in the articles and compliance of shared data to the FAIR principles programmatically. Results showed that of 7,509 investigated articles, 112 (1.5%) shared data. The average (SD) level of compliance with the FAIR metrics was 32.6% (31.9%). The average for each metric was as follows: findability, 3.4 (2.7) of 7; accessibility, 1.0 (1.0) of 3; interoperability, 1.1 (1.2) of 4; and reusability, 2.4 (2.6) of 10. No considerable changes in data sharing or quality of shared data occurred over the years. Our findings indicated that dental researchers rarely shared data, and when they did share, the FAIR quality was suboptimal. Machine learning algorithms could understand 1% of available dental research data. These undermine the reproducibility of dental research and hinder gaining the knowledge that can be gleaned from machine learning algorithms and applications.
A rare case of external ear canal stenosis caused by COVID-19-related arterial thrombosis
Authors: Hosoya Makoto , Minami Ayumi , Nishiyama Takanori , Tsuzuki Nobuyoshi , Wakabayashi Takeshi , Oishi Naoki
Published: June 2022

Thrombosis is a characteristic symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we present a case of external ear stenosis caused by arterial thrombosis after COVID-19 infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of external ear stenosis related to COVID-19. A 62-year-old man presented with left hearing loss. The patient had a history of hospitalization for COVID-19 treatment 11 months prior to visiting our hospital. He had been experiencing ear fullness and tinnitus after COVID-19 treatment. Physical examination revealed severe left external ear canal stenosis with a subcutaneous mass. Surgical removal of the subcutaneous mass was performed. Histopathological analysis revealed that a subcutaneous thrombosis caused the external ear canal stenosis. This case describes an unusual case of external ear canal stenosis after COVID-19. Clinical and pathological findings indicate that COVID-19 affected the external ear canal. In addition, histopathological results confirmed the formation of arterial thrombosis in the temporal bone region after COVID-19 treatment. This case shows the broad range of body sites that can be involved with thrombotic events with COVID including the subcutaneous tissue around the outer ear. This observation would be helpful in investigating or explaining the various otological symptoms of COVID-19.
Nutrient intake and adherence to the Nordic nutrition recommendations in a Swedish cohort with abdominal obesity
Authors: Sedin Åsa , Landin-Olsson Mona , Cloetens Lieselotte
Published: June 2022

Background

The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) are developed to promote public health and to prevent food-related diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective

To investigate the nutrient intake and adherence to the NNR in a Swedish cohort with abdominal obesity.

Design

Dietary intake data were collected using 3-day food diaries and anthropometry and clinical chemistry parameters were measured at baseline of a long-term intervention studying weight-loss management.

Results

Eighty-seven subjects with abdominal obesity successfully completed a 3-day food diary. Twelve of these subjects were excluded for further analysis due to implausible low-energy reporting. The remaining 75 subjects (76% females) had mean age of 52.3 ± 10.1 years and a mean body mass index of 34.3 ± 3.1 kg/m2. Mean total fat intake (41.2 ± 7.0E%) was exceeded by 56% of the sample size compared to the maximum recommended intake (RI) of 40E%, whereas mean carbohydrate intake (40.4 ± 8.0E%) was lower than the RI (45–60E%). The intake of saturated fatty acids was high compared to the NNR with only 2 women and none of men reported intakes within the RI of <10 E%. Adherence to the RI for dietary fibre was very low (16.0% and 13.3% when expressed as g/d and g/MJ, respectively). Analyses of micronutrient intake showed lowest adherences for vitamin D and sodium.

Conclusions

The nutrient intake in our subjects compared to NNR was rather low with a high total fat intake, particularly too high intake of saturated fatty acids, high salt consumption, and very low dietary fibre and vitamin D intake. More effort is clearly needed to promote healthy dietary habits among subjects with obesity.
Anticipated citizenship in the shadow of imprisonment
Authors: Stark Abigail D.
Published: June 2022

This article explores imprisoned men's anticipation of citizenship, when looking towards release from prison. Based on the subjective meaning citizenship holds for participants themselves, I explore men's expectations of their citizenship status and experience after release, considering how and whether imprisoned men expect subjectively meaningful citizenship to be realised in their post-prison lives. I argue that imagined future citizenship is not only inhibited by formal restrictions faced on release, but also by the potential longevity of prison's impact on the self, and perceptions of imprisonment as failing to prepare individuals for ‘normal’ life as citizens.
Face and content validity, acceptability, feasibility, and implementability of a novel outcome measure for children with life-limiting or life-threatening illness in three sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Namisango Eve , Bristowe Katherine , Murtagh Fliss EM , Downing Julia , Powell Richard A , Atieno Mackuline , Abas Melanie , Ali Zipporah , Luyirika Emmanuel BK , Meiring Michelle , Mwangi-Powell Faith N , Higginson Irene J , Harding Richard
Published: June 2022

Background:

The Children’s Palliative Care Outcome Scale (C-POS) is the first measure developed for children with life-limiting and -threatening illness. It is essential to determine whether the measure addresses what matters to children, and if they can comprehend and respond to its items.

Aim:

To determine the face and content validity, comprehensiveness, comprehensibility, acceptability and feasibility, and implementability of the C-POS.

Design:

Mixed methods (1) Content validation: mapping C-POS items onto an evidence-based framework from prior evidence; (2) Comprehensiveness, comprehensibility, acceptability feasibility, and implementability: qualitative in-depth and cognitive interviews with a purposive sample of children and young people ( n = 6), family caregivers ( n = 16), and health workers ( n = 12) recruited from tertiary facilities in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda.

Results:

(1) C-POS content mapped on to palliative care domains for (a) children (i.e. physical (e.g. symptoms), social (e.g. play/socialize), psychological (e.g. happy)) and (b) families (i.e. psychological (e.g. worry), social (e.g. information), and help and advice). (2) C-POS items were well understood by children and their caregivers, acceptable, and relevant. Completion time was a median of 10 min, patients/caregivers and health workers reported that using the C-POS improved their communication with children and young people. Methodological and content issues included: (i) conceptual gap in the spiritual/existential domain; (ii) further consideration of developmental, age-appropriate items in the social and psychological domains, and (iii) linguistic complexity and difficulty in proxy rating.

Conclusion:

C-POS items capture the core symptoms and concerns that matter to children and their families. C-POS is feasible, comprehensible, and acceptable for use in clinical settings; areas for further development and improvement are identified.
Scale of basic psychological needs to musical activity: Measuring basic psychological needs in musical activity
Authors: Arribas-Galarraga Silvia , Moreno Bonet Laura , Cecchini Jose Antonio , Luis-de Cos Izaskun
Published: June 2022

Basic psychological needs (BPN) are a central construct of the self-determination theory (SDT). However, there is a lack of instruments specifically adapted to measuring these in the field of music. The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish-language scale of satisfaction and dissatisfaction of BPN in musical activity. The participants were 339 musicians aged 18–65 years old. Internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated by comparing five models using confirmatory factor analysis and a multi-trait multi-method approach. The construct validity was evaluated with respect to satisfaction/fun experienced when performing music. The results indicated a good fit of the model in relation to the measure of each BPN. Satisfaction of the BPN positively predicted satisfaction/fun in performing and practicing music and dissatisfaction produced the opposite effect. The adapted instrument contributes to research on motivation in music education.
Comparison of Relative Structural Characterization Methods for Additive-Modified Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Timm David H. , Yin Fan , Tran Nam , Foshee Megan , Rodezno Carolina
Published: June 2022

The evaluation, adoption, and efficient deployment of asphalt additives in flexible pavements has historically been a relatively slow process, requiring years of testing and evaluation before a new product may be fully and readily used in pavement cross-sections. However, the fast-paced and innovative nature of the additive marketplace produces numerous products that have the potential to improve performance, reduce costs, or both, but have been hindered by slow deployment. To address the need for a more rapid set of evaluation tools, the National Center for Asphalt Technology Test Track initiated an Additive Group experiment in 2021 to build full-scale pavement test sections modified with several asphalt additives, including recycled tire rubber, recycled plastics, reactive polymers, and aramid fibers. Data will be collected from these test sections to develop a framework for evaluating asphalt additives in the future. Phase 1 of the investigation was to conduct limited laboratory testing and structural analysis from which a group of additives would be selected for full-scale construction and evaluation. Focused on fatigue cracking, this paper details the laboratory testing conducted for Phase 1 and two different structural pavement analysis methods using FlexPAVE™ and WESLEA. Even though the two structural pavement analysis methods are very different, the FlexPAVE and WESLEA analyses provided strongly correlated predicted cracking performance, remarkably similar predictions of equivalent pavement thicknesses, and nearly identical structural layer coefficients. It is recommended that these two approaches be further evaluated against laboratory and field performance data that will be collected from the Additive Group experiment.
ASPIRES: Airport Shuttle Planning and Improved Routing Event-driven Simulation
Authors: Wang Qichao , Sigler Devon , Liu Zhaocai , Kotz Andrew , Kelly Kenneth , Phillips Caleb
Published: June 2022

Most of the existing traffic simulation packages require significant calibration work to be able to reflect reality. To evaluate special operations including emerging technologies, a microscopic simulation that tracks detailed interactions of all the elements of the traffic systems is usually needed. This type of simulation is usually computationally demanding. This work developed an Airport Shuttle Planning and Improved Routing Event-driven Simulation (ASPIRES) package to simulate and evaluate current, potential, and future airport shuttle operations. The simulation was driven by data and thus did not require much calibration effort. The discrete-event simulation nature of ASPIRES makes the simulation computationally efficient. Simulating 1 day of shuttle operations takes less than 2 s. The study site of this work is the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in the U.S. The shuttle service that connects the five terminals of the airport and the rental car center was studied. Travel times, dwell times, and passenger arrivals were simulated using empirical distributions derived mainly from real data to capture the stochastic nature of the rental car center shuttle bus operations. Data on bus miles traveled, bus energy consumption, passenger wait times, and passengers left behind at stops were collected to study the trade-off between energy use and passenger experience. Electric bus and on-demand bus operations were also included. The simulation outputs can show passengers statistics at terminals, shuttles statistics, and charging station statistics. ASPIRES cannot be used to model a generic traffic system but is well-suited for fleet systems.
Determination and application of posture adjustable domain under constraints of placement quality
Authors: Qu Weiwei , Gao Jiaxin , Ye Yaoyao , Yang Di , He Ruming , Yang Qian , Cheng Liang , Ke Yinglin
Published: June 2022

This paper defines the adjustable domain of placement posture during automatic fiber placement process and determines the critical size of the adjustable domain under the constraints of placement quality. The influence of the posture deflection on the placement quality is analyzed first, and compaction and slippage of tows are determined as the main constraints. Simulation models of tow compaction under variable deflection angles are established, and the influence of deflection angle and direction on tow compaction is analyzed. The friction coefficient is measured by experiments to characterize the friction behavior of the tow, and a tow slip criterion was established to avoid unacceptable defects. Combining the above constraints, posture adjustable domain is obtained and the influence of various parameters is analyzed. A searching method is established to calculate the collision-free posture in the adjustable domain and applied on a complex mold surface. The results show that the posture adjustable domain can effectively ensuring the placement quality when the placement head is deflected to avoid collision.
Measurement Invariance and Relationships Among School Connectedness, Cyberbullying, and Cybervictimization: A Comparison Among Canadian, Chinese, and Tanzanian Adolescents
Authors: Law Danielle M , Xiao Bowen , Onditi Hezron , Liu Junsheng , Xie Xiaolong , Shapka Jennifer
Published: June 2022

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the measurement invariance of the School Connectedness Scale for Chinese, Canadian, and Tanzanian adolescents, and to explore the inter association between school connectedness and cyberbullying/cybervictimization. Participants included 3872 adolescents from urban settings in China ( N= 2053, M age=16.36 years, SD = 1.14 years; 44.6% boys), Canada ( N = 642, M age = 12.13 years, SD = 0.77 years; 50.1% boys), and Tanzania ( N = 1056 , M age=15.87 years, SD = 2.03 years; 52.8% boys). Adolescents self-reported their cybervictimization and cyberbullying experiences, as well as their perceived school connectedness. Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed an approximate measurement invariance of the scale across the three countries. Chinese students showed the lowest levels of school connectedness while Tanzanian students showed the highest. The findings of the multivariate multigroup regression analyses across the three countries revealed similar relationships between school connectedness and cyberbullying/cybervictimization, thus broadening our understanding of school connectedness and its relationship to cyberbullying/cybervictimization across these three different countries.
The Last Mass Execution of World War II: The Roundup Carried Out by Soviet Troops in the Augustów Forest in July 1945
Authors: Adamski Łukasz , Motyka Grzegorz
Published: June 2022

The USSR placed great emphasis on fighting national resistance movements, due both to the Soviet leadership’s intention to ensure security to the rear of the invading Red Army and to the threat these movements posed to the prospect of Sovietization of the seized areas. Documents revealed in recent years in Russia indicate that in summer 1945, despite the end of World War II in Europe, Poland and Lithuania saw a series of dragnet operations targeting guerrilla fighters. According to the authors, these operations were connected with the fact that the Soviet leadership had seriously considered the hypothetical failure of the Potsdam Conference and the outbreak of World War III. The roundup carried out by the Soviet 50th Army in the Augustów Forest was the bloodiest of these dragnet operations. During the roundup, more than seven thousand individuals were detained, including at least around six hundred who were subsequently shot dead by SMERSH, which viewed them as hostile elements. Death sentences were pronounced without trial, on the basis of an administrative decision issued by Soviet bodies. In the authors’ view, this was the last mass execution of World War II. Despite censorship having been imposed, the memory of this crime remained vivid among the residents of this region throughout the entire period of the communist rule in Poland.
Quasi-LPV system modeling and identification of a variable speed electro-mechanical and hydraulic MISO system
Authors: Geng Baolong , Gu Lichen , Liu Jiamin
Published: June 2022

An accurate digital model is of great significance to system operation inversion and behavior prediction. The multi-energy domain coupling mechanism of the Electro-mechanical and Hydraulic (EMH) system is complex and has strong nonlinear characteristics. At present, the research mainly focuses on the mechanical-hydraulic coupling characteristics, while the research on the large operating range and the influence of electric motor and load characteristics on the nonlinear dynamics of the EMH system are less. Based on the first principle description, the nonlinear characteristics of the system components are described in this paper. Furthermore, the nonlinear dynamic model of the EMH system described in multi-state space is established based on the Quasi-LPV system. Combined with the experimental data, the structural and non-structural uncertain parameters of system are identified. Finally, the influence of the mechanical characteristics of electric motor, load on the nonlinear dynamics of the EMH system are discussed. Experiments show that the Quasi-LPV models proposed in this paper can accurately reproduce and predict system behavior. It provides technical support for rapid design, selection, and scheme optimization of hydraulic systems in general scenarios.
Anxiety-Related Frontocortical Activity Is Associated With Dampened Stressor Reactivity in the Real World
Authors: Hur Juyoen , Kuhn Manuel , Grogans Shannon E. , Anderson Allegra S. , Islam Samiha , Kim Hyung Cho , Tillman Rachael M. , Fox Andrew S. , Smith Jason F. , DeYoung Kathryn A. , Shackman Alexander J.
Published: June 2022

Negative affect is a fundamental dimension of human emotion. When extreme, it contributes to a variety of adverse outcomes, from physical and mental illness to divorce and premature death. Mechanistic work in animals and neuroimaging research in humans and monkeys have begun to reveal the broad contours of the neural circuits governing negative affect, but the relevance of these discoveries to everyday distress remains incompletely understood. Here, we used a combination of approaches—including neuroimaging assays of threat anticipation and emotional-face perception and more than 10,000 momentary assessments of emotional experience—to demonstrate that individuals who showed greater activation in a cingulo-opercular circuit during an anxiety-eliciting laboratory paradigm experienced lower levels of stressor-dependent distress in their daily lives ( ns = 202–208 university students). Extended amygdala activation was not significantly related to momentary negative affect. These observations provide a framework for understanding the neurobiology of negative affect in the laboratory and in the real world.
The individual characteristics, organizational characteristics and research productivity of early career LIS researchers in China’s mainland: A crisp set qualitative comparative analysis (csQCA)
Authors: Huang Zhihong , Zong Qianjin , Xie Yuqing
Published: June 2022

There existed discrimination, including gender discrimination, first degree discrimination, etc., when assessing the future research productivity of PhD graduates in recruitment in China’s mainland. Were PhD students who did not possess certain conditions (e.g. first degree receiving from a non-key university) unable to achieve high research productivity after graduation? Previous studies focused on the “net effects” of individual and organizational characteristics on research productivity by using quantitative methods (e.g. regression analysis). However, researchers’ research productivity might be due to the interactions of multiple factors rather than a single factor. This study aimed to analyze the effects of the combined conditions (interactions) of individual and organizational characteristics on the research productivity of early career library and information science (LIS) researchers under the context of employment discrimination in the academic job market of China’s mainland. Early career LIS researchers who graduated from China’s mainland universities/institutions between 2011 and 2015 were selected as the sample ( n = 62). csQCA was employed to analyze the data. The results revealed that the effects of a single condition did not directly contribute to the occurrence of high research productivity. There were two combinations of conditions that could contribute to the high research productivity of early career LIS researchers. The first combination that contributed to the high research productivity of an early career LIS researcher was receiving his or her bachelor’s degree from a key university, publishing higher than the median number of articles indexed by Web of Science core collections (WOS) during their PhD and working in a key university after PhD graduation. The second combination was being male, publishing more than the median number of articles indexed by the WOS and the local core journals index during their PhD, and working at a key university after PhD graduation.
Outcome of Neonates Born to COVID-19 Positive Mothers at a Tertiary Centre: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hariharan S. , Manikumar S. , Muthukumaran N. , Ramya S.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies on perinatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection play an essential role in the understanding of the disease which in turn is necessary for optimal management of affected neonates.

Aim and Objective:

To determine the clinical outcomes in neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify possible risk factors in perinatal transmission.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study performed at level-3 teaching Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in South India. Medical records of all mothers who delivered in the COVID-19 facility and neonates born to COVID-19 confirmed mothers from April 15, 2020, to September 15, 2021, were collected and analyzed.

Results:

Of 15,720 deliveries, 556 mothers who tested positive for COVID-19 delivered 563 babies (7 twins), of which 6.3% were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Out of 563 babies, 14.5% were preterm and 95% were asymptomatic. Among COVID-19 positive mothers, cesarean was the most common mode of delivery (73.5% and 88% in COVID-19 positive and negative neonates respectively; P value = .01) and most of the babies were roomed-in (85.2% in COVID-19 positive and 94.6% in COVID-19 negative neonates; P value = .02). COVID-19 positive neonates had significantly high probability of pneumonia ( P value = .003), sepsis ( P value = .03), septic shock ( P value = .01), and abnormal CXR ( P value = .01). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 positive status of the mother is not associated with increased risk of preterm birth, neonatal admission, morbidity, or mortality. The risk of transmission was not found to be associated with direct breastfeeding or rooming-in.
A Review of Foster Care in Professional Counseling Journals: A 31-Year Content Analysis
Authors: Rausch Meredith A. , Gallo Laura L. , Kemp Kayla M.
Published: June 2022

This content analysis provides a 31-year review of foster care publications and research across 24 professional counseling journals from 1991–2021. A total of 35 articles utilizing foster care as a key term were published, representing less than 1% of all possible articles (N = 11,293). The Family Journal published the highest number of foster care-centered articles (n = 18), 11 of which appeared in a special issue focusing on the subject. Professional School Counseling published the second-highest number of foster care articles (n = 4) during this period. This analysis includes an examination of publication occurrences across the thirty-one-year span, the type of article (research, non-research), research methodology, and foster care focus area. Results provide the professional counseling field with current research trends, issues, barriers, and methods for future work.
Coexisting Extra-Medullary Manifestation of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Follicular Lymphoma: What's Between Neoplastic Follicles Matters
Authors: Rybski Kristin J. , El Hussein Siba
Published: June 2022

We illustrate a rare case of coexisting extramedullary manifestation of CMML and new onset follicular lymphoma within the same core-needle biopsy of a lymph node. We discuss the differences between extramedullary hematopoiesis and extramedullary manifestation of myeloid neoplasms. We also highlight the importance of generous tissue sampling and thorough examination of nodal tissue in the setting of an established myeloid neoplasm to avoid missing rare but possible nodal involvement.
The Efficacy and Safety of Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Cirrhotic Portal Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhiqi , Zhao Ying , Han Baofeng , Zhu Zhijun , Sun Liying , Cui Xiangli
Published: June 2022

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy in patients with cirrhotic PVT, and compare differences in efficacy and safety among different anticoagulants.

Methods

We comprehensively searched Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to April 2022 for studies using anticoagulants for cirrhotic PVT. Meta-analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

3 RCTs and 14 cohort studies involving 1270 patients were included. Anticoagulant therapy can increase the recanalization rate compared with non-anticoagulation therapy (OR 4.44, 95% CI 3.11-6.32, I2 = 2.5%) and can decrease the extension rate of cirrhotic PVT (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.18-0.62, I2 = 41.0%), without increasing the incidence of total bleeding (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.75-1.97, I2 = 9.8%), major bleeding (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.49-1.95, I2 = 19.7%), and variceal bleeding (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.12-1.01, I2 = 39.9%). Subgroup analysis showed that VKA, LMWH, and DOACs could increase the recanalization rate of PVT and were not associated with the risk of bleeding. Studies that compared direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with warfarin directly showed that the recanalization rate of PVT in the DOACs group might be higher than that in the warfarin group (OR 30.99, 95% CI 7.39-129.87, I2 = 0.0%), and there was no difference in the rate of total bleeding (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.01-8.65, I2 = 79.6%).

Conclusions

Anticoagulants are safe and effective in patients with cirrhotic PVT. The rate of PVT recanalization associated with DOACs may be higher than warfarin.
How News Audiences Allocate Trust in the Digital Age: A Figuration Perspective
Authors: Mangold Frank , Bachl Marko , Prochazka Fabian
Published: June 2022

The article enriches the understanding of trust in news at a time when mass and interpersonal communication have merged in the digital sphere. We propose disentangling individual-level patterns of trust allocation (i.e., trust figurations) across journalistic media, social media, and peers to reflect the multiplicity among modern news audiences. A latent class analysis of a representative survey among German young adults revealed four figurations: traditionalists, indifferentials, optimists, and cynics. Political characteristics and education corresponded with substantial heterogeneity in individuals’ trust in news sources, their inclination to differentiate between sources, and the ways of integrating trust in journalistic and non-journalistic sources.
A fine-grained parallelization of the immersed boundary method
Authors: Kassen Andrew , Shankar Varun , Fogelson Aaron L
Published: June 2022

We present new algorithms for the parallelization of Eulerian–Lagrangian interaction operations in the immersed boundary method. Our algorithms rely on two well-studied parallel primitives: key-value sort and segmented reduce. The use of these parallel primitives allows us to implement our algorithms on both graphics processing units (GPUs) and on other shared-memory architectures. We present strong and weak scaling tests on problems involving scattered points and elastic structures. Our tests show that our algorithms exhibit near-ideal scaling on both multicore CPUs and GPUs.
Decoding Emotional (In)Congruency: A Computational Approach Toward Ad Placement on YouTube
Authors: Wen Taylor Jing , Chuan Ching-Hua , Tsai Wanhsiu Sunny , Yang Jing
Published: June 2022

This study illuminates the varied emotional mechanisms underlying consumer response to ads paired with emotionally congruent versus incongruent content in different placement positions. This work expands the media planning literature that has narrowly focused on thematic (in)congruency. Focusing on music videos, Study 1 empirically tests the affect regulation effect on consumer response to ads paired with emotionally incongruent music videos and the affect priming effect in congruent pairings. Furthermore, this study incorporates affective computing algorithms to pair ads with music videos based on emotional (in)congruency to advance the emerging field of computational advertising. The results from two experimental studies demonstrate that consumers prefer the emotional flow from a negative to a positive state when the ad and media context are emotionally incongruent. In the emotional congruency condition, regardless of ad position, the positively valenced ad produces more favorable responses. Study 2 further illuminates the boundary conditions of emotional (in)congruency and ad valence, suggesting that consumers’ preference for positively valenced ads in the affect regulation and affect priming processes is more prominent when consumers are less involved. When involvement level is high, negative ads are rated as more persuasive than positive ones. Involvement level also reduces ad skipping, especially when the ad and the media program are emotionally incongruent.
Performance gaps between English speakers and Chinese-English speakers on classic semantic, action, and emotional verbal fluency
Authors: Lam Boji P. W. , Marquardt Thomas P.
Published: June 2022

Aims and objectives:

Semantic verbal fluency taps into vocabulary knowledge but often elicits poorer performance in bilingual speakers tested in a second language (L2). Few studies have examined verbal fluency tasks that target abstract words and examined test–retest reliability. The present study examined the performance gap between English speakers and Chinese-English speakers on classic semantic, action, and emotional verbal fluency.

Methodology:

English data were collected for six verbal fluency tasks from 41 English speakers and 18 Chinese-English speakers who spoke English as L2. Verbal fluency performance was reassessed one week later to examine test–retest reliability.

Data and analysis:

Verbal productivity, valence and arousal, test–retest reliability, and cross-session consistency in producing similar responses in repeated testing were analyzed. Morphological complexity of verbal responses also was compared because Chinese is morphologically simpler than English and emotional verbal fluency may trigger morphologically complex words.

Findings/conclusions:

Productivity gaps between groups were reliable for all tasks despite practice effects but were smaller for action and emotional verbal fluency. Words produced by Chinese-English speakers were more positive generally and less arousing for specific categories (e.g., “happy”). Both speaker groups were equally likely to produce variable responses with repeated testing, especially for emotional verbal fluency. Words produced by Chinese-English speakers were morphologically simpler than those produced by English speakers for emotional verbal fluency.

Originality:

Past work on semantic verbal fluency has focused on the retrieval of neutral and concrete words. This is the first study to assess the reliability in performance gaps between speakers tested in L1 and speakers tested in L2 on verbal fluency that targets the retrieval of abstract and emotional-laden words.

Significance:

Verbal fluency is one of the most frequently employed tasks in neuropsychological assessments. The findings demonstrate the effects of language proficiency on performance across verbal fluency variants, group differences in valence and arousal, the effects of repeated testing, and the effects of linguistic features on responses produced.
Study design of ‘Move More’: Development and feasibility of a social-prescribing intervention to increase physical activity among inactive Danes
Authors: Rasmussen Lene Gissel , Nielsen Rasmus Oestergaard , Kallestrup Per , Hawkins Jemma , Ryom Knud
Published: June 2022

Aim:

This paper describes the design of the ‘Move More’ study, which aims to develop and assess the feasibility of a social-prescribing intervention to increase physical activity among physically inactive Danes.

Background:

Physical inactivity constitutes a public-health challenge in Denmark. Social prescribing may be a promising tool to tackle physical inactivity by linking physical activity support from general practitioners with community-based activities in sports clubs, as this may help physically inactive citizens become more physically active. Given the range of stakeholders and behaviours required for social prescribing of physical activity, an intervention that harnesses this approach may constitute a complex intervention. The methods and decisions made in the stages of developing complex interventions are seldom reported. The present study enabled us to describe how co-creation can be used in a pragmatic development process for a complex intervention that considers the needs of stakeholders and the conditions of the delivery context.

Methods:

The study is based on the core elements of the development and feasibility phases of the Medical Research Council Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions. Additionally, it is informed by a framework for the co-creation and prototyping of public-health interventions, drawing from a scoping review, stakeholder consultations and co-creation workshops. Ultimately, a feasibility study will be conducted to refine the programme theory by introducing the proposed intervention in case studies.

Perspectives:

The study will result in a prototype intervention manual and recommendations for implementation of an adapted social-prescribing intervention targeting physical inactivity in Denmark.
Towards ‘secondary raw material’ as a legal category
Authors: Hoernig Julia
Published: June 2022

The paper seeks to examine the role of categorisation for circular economy by investigating the concept and definition of waste and waste management. In this paper, not only the legal interpretation provided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and legal scholars will be considered, but also economic analysis for an improved taxonomy of waste and resources (also referred to as ‘secondary raw material’). The broad concept of waste as developed by the CJEU as well as the uncertainty of end-of-waste-status-criteria create a major obstacle. The paper thus seeks to provide an alternative to the existing categories based on a more purposive approach that acknowledges the potential of resources more adequately. It provides an additional concept to waste within the legal framework and thereby acknowledges the role of categorisation as a driver for circular economy.
Plastic waste pollution, environmental impacts and regulatory challenges: The Cameroonian example
Authors: Ngwome Gideon Fosoh
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the challenges that bedevil the regulation of plastic pollution in Cameroon. Drawing on existing primary and secondary data, the paper argues that although there is an enabling legal environment for regulating plastic pollution in Cameroon, such an enabling environment disappointingly is not comprehensive and holistic to effectively combat plastic pollution owing to some pertinent reasons. Because of such reasons, the paper finds that the legal environment is timid and lends little support for effectively combating plastic pollution in Cameroon as land and marine plastics litter is continually on a hike. After demonstrating that the current legal efforts are timid and are not fit to address the current plastic pollution crisis and its associated harms, the paper recommends some key measures and pathways to effectively tackle the problem with a major one being the dire need for a comprehensive legislation that addresses plastics and the plastic pollution crisis in a holistic manner and that such legislation must be contingent on a similar global legally binding agreement that enjoins all countries to adopt, implement and enforce national plastics and plastic pollution legislation.
Deciphering ‘Urge to Buy’: A Meta-Analysis of Antecedents
Authors: Paul Justin , Kaur Dr. Jaspreet , Arora Dr. Shivani , Singh Mr. Sujay Vikram
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a meta-analytical evaluation of the literature on the Urge to Buy (UTB). It seeks to establish the common antecedents of UTB as a construct by a thorough examination of the prior literature. Accordingly, the most significant antecedents of UTB are perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, hedonic and utilitarian values, positive and negative affects, scarcity, and impulsive buying tendency. The location of the studies has a moderating influence on the antecedents of UTB. Almost all the factors were more decisive in Eastern countries than Western. The limitations of the current study and the future research agenda have also been mentioned. The study results have both theoretical and practical implications contributing to the marketing research field. The implications of all the studies in the past on the UTB construct have been discussed, and the effect of these studies has been summarized with the meta-analysis technique.
Short Take: Sampling from Transnational Social Fields
Authors: Molina José Luis , Lubbers Miranda J. , Hâncean Marian-Gabriel , Fradejas-García Ignacio
Published: June 2022

Thanks to the latest developments in network-oriented sampling, it is now possible to measure “transnational social fields,” or emergent social structures that connect places or regions in different countries. These structures are instrumental in explaining sociocultural phenomena like the emergence of ethnic or demographic enclaves, social and economic remittances, and ethnic identifications. Nevertheless, they have only been mentioned metaphorically so far.
Design and characterization of a cotton fabric antenna for on-body thermotherapy
Authors: Mukai Yusuke , Suh Minyoung
Published: June 2022

As a non-invasive therapeutic modality, microwave hyperthermia has gained increasing prominence in recent breast cancer research. In microwave hyperthermia, the temperature of a cancerous lesion is raised to 39–45°C by microwave irradiation to shrink tumors. Currently available applicators in clinics are aperture antennas (or waveguides) that are bulky and stationary; as such, patients are required to stay in an uncomfortable position for an extended period of time. On this account, this paper introduces the design and characterization of a novel cotton fabric antenna for a truly wearable and patient-friendly breast hyperthermia therapy. The developed antenna, consisting of cotton and copper-plated polyester fabrics, offers flexibility, tenacity, moisture-absorbing properties and breathability desirable for potential integration into intimate apparel. On the other hand, the use of cotton fabric brings about a major concern: moisture is documented to alter the dielectric properties of cotton fabrics and hence could impact the antenna performance. Therefore, for the purpose of concept and design validation, this research investigated the impedance matching and heating performance at three levels (20%, 65% and 80%) of relative humidity (RH). From both simulations and measurements, the RH was found to shift the resonant frequency slightly, but did not critically affect the impedance matching and the heating performance – the measured temperature rises were 4.7–4.9°C and 2.3–2.5°C at the depths of 5 mm and 15 mm, respectively. These theoretical and experimental insights cast light on the feasibility and benefits of moisture-absorbing, cotton-based medical textiles for administration of highly patient-friendly breast hyperthermia.
Democracy’s Relationship With the Future: Transforming Society’s Promise
Authors: Fleener M. Jayne , Barcinas Susan J.
Published: June 2022

This essay introduces a juxtaposition of adult education, futures perspectives, transformative learning theory, and democratic engagement. Within adult education, the promise of education, and the possibilities of transformative learning (TL) are often linked to democracy and human freedoms, yet that democratic promise is often left unfulfilled or incomplete. At the same time, futures perspectives coalesce around the strengthening of capacity for adults to change their conceptualizations of and relationships to the future and facilitate skills in navigating discontinuity, complexity, and ambiguity. The inclusion of futures work potentially shifts the TL discourse and may change the ways that we study and support how adults learn, change, and grow through shared human experiences. Futures literacy may become a new dimension for democracies.
Accuracy and Safety of Non-Image Guided Trigger Finger Injections: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Binz Daniel D. , Mitchell Thomas W. , Mitchell Scott A.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Stenosing flexor tenosynovitis is commonly treated by injection of corticosteroids into the flexor tendon sheath. However, there is no consensus in the literature regarding the optimal technique, specifically when not utilizing ultrasound guidance. Here, we present a cadaver study in which 3 common techniques of flexor sheath injection were compared with regard to their accuracy and safety profiles.

Methods:

Fifteen fresh-frozen cadaver hands (60 digits) were evenly divided into 3 groups (20 digits per group). Digits in each group were injected with methylene blue dye using 1 of the 3 techniques (palmar-to-bone, palmar supra-tendinous, and mid-axial). The fingers were then dissected and were inspected for location of dye, as well as injury to tendon or digital nerves.

Results:

The mid-axial technique demonstrated the greatest accuracy with the highest rate of all intra-sheath injection, 15 of 20 digits (75%), while the palmar-to-bone technique produced the most combined intra- and extra-sheath injections, 13 of 20 digits, (65%) and the palmar supra-tendinous technique resulted in the most all extra-sheath injections, 9 of 20 digits (45%). The difference in rates of all intra-sheath injection was significant ( P = .01). The mid-axial technique also produced the fewest intra-tendinous injections 0 of 20, although this result did not reach statistical significance ( P = .15).

Conclusions:

Compared to other common non-image guided flexor tendon sheath injection techniques, the mid-axial injection technique was found to be the most accurate in producing all intra-sheath injection and least likely to result in intra-tendinous injection.
Jill Craigie and the BBC: Postwar television, feminist histories and modern femininities
Authors: Price Hollie
Published: June 2022

Using the BBC Written Archives Centre’s records, this working paper explores a documentary about the suffragettes written by feminist, socialist filmmaker Jill Craigie for the BBC in 1949 – illuminating her previously unconsidered efforts to bring the women’s movement to life in an innovative, modern way on the small screen. Although Craigie later withdrew from this project, this paper explores how archival traces of Craigie’s television work offer new insight into her postwar career as a filmmaker, writer and onscreen personality, and shine new light on her place in a feminist genealogy concerned with the historical fight for women’s rights.
Representing evidence
Authors: Hornstein Shelley
Published: June 2022

What does it mean to create an exhibition about how architecture was used as forensic evidence in a trial that attempted to not only deny atrocities of the Holocaust but to deny historical evidence? Architectural Historian, Robert Jan van Pelt organized such an exhibition titled The Evidence Room at the 2016 Venice Architecture Biennale. Elements displayed were reconstructed from the architectural plans for Auschwitz. This essay asks what it means to locate the exhibition ex situ and the “evidence” displayed therein that is not the evidence itself but facsimiles of the designed objects and sites. What are we to make of this exhibition in its Venice venue or elsewhere and the memory it aims to address?
The return of suppressed memories in Eastern Europe: Locality and unsilencing difficult histories
Authors: Tali Margaret , Astahovska Ieva
Published: June 2022

This introductory article contextualizes theoretical and methodological frameworks for analyzing difficult pasts through arts, and articulates historical and current political realities in Eastern Europe which are at the core of this special issue. It contributes to the debates in memory studies particularly based on the post-Soviet experience. We introduce scholarly and artistic efforts to integrate difficult and uncomfortable facets of pasts into local and transnational histories, and further consider how recent research attempts to integrate local specificities while maintaining a relational approach by adopting transnational, transcultural, translocal, and cross-cultural perspectives. Rethinking how different artistic media contribute to processing suppressed memories, we propose the notion of “unsilencing” difficult memories in reference to the breaking of silences that sometimes run through generations and the articulation of which can change public perception of the past. Such acts of unsilencing can contribute to nuancing understanding about the relationships between locality, silencing, and remembering.