bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rechtfertigt die Bankenkrise die Bankenregulierungen der Europäischen Union?
Authors: Vaubel Roland
Published: June 2021

Sind diese Regulierungen notwendig oder zumindest sinnvoll? Anhand welcher Kriterien soll die Frage beantwortet werden? Entscheidend dürfte sein, ob sie geeignet und notwendig gewesen wären, um den Ausbruch und das Ausmaß der Krise zu verhindern. Diesen Fragen geht dieser Artikel nach. Der erste Teil des Artikels behandelt die Vermeidung spekulativer Blasen. Dann geht es darum, wie die Stabilität von Banken verstärkt werden kann. Schliesslich wird auf die europäische Bankenaufsicht eingegangen. Letztlich ist die Frage: Wie hätte die Krise verhindert werden können?
Studying the Effect of Annealing on Optical and Structure Properties of Zno Nanostructure Prepared by Laser Induced Plasma
Authors: Mustafa Safa Kamal , Jamal Raied K. , Aadim Kadhim Abdulwahid
Published: June 2021

In this paper, Zinc oxide were deposited on a glass substrate at room temperature (RT) and two annealing temperatures 350ÂºC and 500ÂºC using laser induced plasma technique. ZnO nanofilms of 200nm thickness have been deposited on glass substrate. X-RAY diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy and UV-visible spectrophotometer were used to analyze the results. XRD forms of ZnO nanostructure display hexagonal structure with three recognized peaks (100), (002), and (101) orientations at 500ÂºC annealing temperature. The optical properties of ZnO nanostructure were determined spectra. The energy gap was 3.1 eV at 300 oC and 3.25eV at 500ÂºC annealing temperature.
Laplace Adomian and Laplace Modified Adomian Decomposition Methods for Solving Nonlinear Integro-Fractional Differential Equations of the Volterra-Hammerstein Type
Authors: Ahmed Shazad Sh. , Salih Shokhan Ahmed Hama , Ahmed Mariwan R.
Published: June 2021

In this work, we will combine the Laplace transform method with the Adomian decomposition method and modified Adomian decomposition method for semi-analytic treatments of the nonlinear integro-fractional differential equations of the Volterra-Hammerstein type with difference kernel and such a problem which the kernel has a first order simple degenerate kind which the higher-multi fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. In these methods, the solution of a functional equation is considered as the sum of infinite series of components after applying the inverse of Laplace transformation usually converging to the solution, where a closed form solution is not obtainable, a truncated number of terms is usually used for numerical purposes. Finally, examples are prepared to illustrate these considerations.
ON RICKART MODULES
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Qader , Al-Bahrani Bahar Hamad
Published: June 2021

Gangyong Lee, S.Tariq Rizvi, and Cosmin S.Roman studied Rickart modules.

The main purpose of this paper is to develop the properties of Rickart modules .

We prove that each injective and prime module is a Rickart module. And we give characterizations of some kind of rings in term of Rickart modules.
Sum Ideal Graphs Associated to a Given Ideal of a Commutative Ring
Authors: Nadir A. H. , Abdulqadr F. H. , Shuker N. H.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce and study a new kind of graphs associated to an ideal of a commutative ring. Let â„› be a commutative ring with identity, and I(â„›) be the set of all non-trivial ideals of â„› with S I(â„›). The sum ideal graph associated to S, denoted by       Î¨(â„›, S), is the undirected graph with vertex set {A I(â„›): SâŠ‚A+B, for some B I(â„›)} where two ideal vertices A and B are adjacent if and only if A B and SâŠ‚A+B. In this paper we establish some of characterizations and results of this kind of graph with providing some examples.
I-Semiprime Submodules
Authors: Abdul-AlKhalik Adwia J.
Published: June 2021

Let  be a commutative ring with identity and a fixed ideal of  and  be an unitary -module.We say that a proper submodule  of  is -semi prime submodule if with . In this paper, we investigate some properties of this class of submodules. Also, some characterizations of -semiprime submodules will be given, and we show that under some assumptions -semiprime submodules and semiprime submodules are coincided.
Enhancing of Corrosion Protection of Steel Rebar in Concrete Using TiO2 Nanoparticles as Additive
Authors: Khudhair Noor Ali , Al-Sammarraie Abdulkareem Mohammed Ali
Published: June 2021

Nanomaterials became targeted materials for many important applications due to its huge surface area and quantum confinement effects. In this work TiO2 nanoparticles (30nm) were used as additive to enhance the corrosion protection of steel rebar in artificial concrete solution (Ca(OH)2 (2g), KOH (22.44mg), NaOH (8mg) in 1L of distilled water) against saline environment (3.5%NaCl) at four temperatures; 20, 30, 40, and 50á´¼C. Three different concentrations of TiO2 NPs were used namely; 1, 3, and 5% by weight. The corrosion parameters and pitting probability were followed using Tafel and cyclic polarization plots respectively. Protection enhancement was recorded at all TiO2 percent used and efficiencies of 75-86% were achieved. Using TiO2 NPs reduces but not diminished the pitting hysterias loop area. The results supported by surface morphology examination using atomic force microscope (AFM).
Intelligent TRIPLE DES with N Round Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Haithem Mazin , Lateef Rana Abdul Rahman
Published: June 2021

This work presents an approach for the applying Triple DES (TRIPLE DES) based on using genetic algorithm by adding intelligent feature for TRIPLE DES with N round for genetic algorithm. Encapsulated cipher file with special program which send an acknowledgment to a sender to know who decipher or  broken to  crash it , Thus it is considered as the initial step to improve privacy. The outcome for proposed system gives a good indication that it is a promising system compared with other type of cipher system.
Los neógrafos chilenos en Valparaíso
Authors: Guajardo Oyarzo Ernesto
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo versa sobre el surgimiento y desarrollo de los neógrafos y su irrupción en el campo cultural (Bourdieu, 1997) chileno desde finales del siglo XIX y durante el siglo XX. En este contexto se analizan los dispositivos socioculturales y simbólicos a través de los cuales los neógrafos buscaron irradiar sus ideas en la intelectualidad y sociedad ilustrada, mediante el estudio de su labor editorial, sus procesos de comercialización, y los esfuerzos sostenidos en el ámbito de la discusión teórica. Todo esto, con el fin de evidenciar los usos que los neógrafos chilenos dieron a distintos elementos de la industria del libro en Chile, buscando reivindicar y articular un espacio crítico en el centro de una cultura letrada (Chartier, 1994) específica e impuesta desde Europa. La investigación se centra, entonces, en la producción, comercialización y difusión de publicaciones que buscaban sostener las ideas centrales de la ortografía racional.
Continuo runrunear de folletos, conferencias y diversos medios de propaganda revolucionaria
Authors: Peña Castillo Francisco
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las políticas de edición anarquista en Chile durante el primer tercio del siglo XX. Siendo la lectura un apartado central para la formación militante, los ácratas locales desarrollaron un proyecto de propaganda alternativa caracterizado por el uso preferente del folleto, debido a su precio y facilidad de difusión, aunque también influyeron en esta decisión otros elementos, como la capacidad organizativa del movimiento, la existencia de autores autóctonos y el influjo de títulos clásicos desde el extranjero. Producto de estas particularidades, el movimiento anarquista presenta una importancia destacada para el entendimiento de la historia del libro en Chile, a partir de editoriales sostenidas en su totalidad por obreros. En este sentido, la difusión de folletos buscó transformar el conocimiento en una herramienta imprescindible para la revolución social.
La amistad comercial como experiencia societaria. Evidencias desde Chile
Authors: Gómez Nicolás , Encina Tania , Mieres Rocío , Lazo Camilo
Published: June 2021

El artículo describe la amistad comercial que se desarrolla en los procesos productivos de la editorial independiente. Esta dimensión es revisada con respecto a sus pares y a las motivaciones individuales. La metodología usada fue cualitativa, los datos provienen de nueve entrevistas realizadas a integrantes de la organización Cooperativa de trabajo Agrupación de editores de la Furia. Los resultados se presentan a través de siete arquetipos que son resultados del análisis estructural de contenido, cada arquetipo corresponde a una dimensión de la amistad comercial en tanto estructura de orientación objetiva en el mundo de la vida económica. Las conclusiones se refieren a las representaciones de la amistad comercial en la producción de bienes simbólicos y como criterios de la participación democrática.
Herramienta del pueblo: el libro en la Unidad Popular
Authors: Bascuñán Correa Patricio Andrés
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo trata sobre el libro y su relevancia dentro del contexto de la Unidad Popular. Atiende principalmente a las colecciones populares y libros de bolsillo que circularon durante el periodo. La exposición se ordena en tres partes. Primero se procede a caracterizar el campo de la cultura durante la Unidad Popular, con el fin de reconocer la función –y necesidad– del libro en el periodo. Luego se analizan las estrategias y prácticas que empleadas en la conformación de nuevos públicos lectores. Por último se realiza un estudio visual de las portadas del momento.

El artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento e información que se dispone sobre la industria editorial de aquel entonces. Para esto se pretende llenar algunos vacíos, en particular sobre Libros Cormorán y la edición universitaria. También se propone estrechar dos áreas de interés: el campo letrado y el de la gráfica.
Edición, comunidad, ciudadanía: consideraciones de una ediautora en provincias de México y Chile
Authors: Avendaño Carmen Violeta
Published: June 2021

Se dice que las editoriales independientes son las que sostienen la bibliodiversidad. Creo que es esa misma responsabilidad la que convierte la edición independiente en una forma de resistencia cívico-comunitaria. Pero la bibliodiversidad que custodiamos es solo la punta del iceberg de la diversidad sofocada por un colonialismo en erosión. En esa comunidad millonaria de lectoras y lectores que aprendieron la lengua del amo hay mucha escritura por representar.
Commodification of the living: regulatory problems of commercialization of biomaterials in the process of development of genomics
Authors: Popova Olga
Published: June 2021

This article explores the normative problems of commodification of biomaterials in the process of development of genomics and genome medicine. It is demonstrated that in the era of advanced biocapitalism, when the relations between capital, knowledge and life become of particular importance, biomaterials undergo an economic turnover, are viewed as the objects of property and patent law, becoming the source of gaining profit. This results in the conflicts associated with the protection of rights of the individual, whose body is the source of biomaterials. In the context of consideration of the practices of commodification of biomaterials, the author reviews different modes of relations between the individual, science and society, with the characteristic to each of them articulation of the priority of personal or public good. The article provides the ethical analysis of incidents caused by the development of genetic technologies within the framework of the mode of confrontation between the individual and science, altruistic and compensatory modes, and mode of protection of civil rights. The conclusion is made that the developing processes of commodification require finding balance between the rights of the state and the interests of individuals, public good and personal values. The right to control own biomaterials and genetic information, voluntary and free transfer of biological materials, observance of biosafety and medical confidentiality – all these problems of the development of genomics require constant ethical monitoring in each specific case of using biomaterials.
International military and civil relations discourse: the specificity of formation at the present stage
Authors: Titov Roman
Published: June 2021

The article studies the specificity of formation of the concept of the information and communication sphere of international relations related to public legitimation of the use of military force. The relations between military and political subjects and the civil society, emerging in this process, are defined by the author as international military and civil relations. The research object is the international military and civil relations discourse formed by the participants for the purpose of organization, preparation and use of military force. The research subject is the peculiarity of its formation at the present stage. The author gives special attention to the issues of information activities of the military policy subjects on the Internet, noting the leading role of electronic media and social networks. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the application of the discourse approach to the analysis of the information activities of military and political subjects. Based on the current understanding of a discourse, the author considers it in terms of the reproduction of ideas in the public conscience. Being a component of the military and political discourse, the international military and civil relations discourse has some peculiarities determined by its purpose, the subjects, producing it, and the specificity of its formation at the present stage. The author suggests considering the international military and civil relations discourse as a developing in time communicative event with different levels of representation which are in constant conceptual connection. The textual level is represented by official documents and statements of heads of states and their coalitions. The contextual level - by discussions, debates and negotiations in Mass Media. The pre-contextual level is represented by feelings, emotions and conditions contained in the public mind and manifested in social networks users’ posts. The author arrives at the conclusion that the international military and civil relations discourse is used as a means of political influence reflecting the ideology and worldview of the subjects producing it.   
Variants of the reparative activity of the foveolar zone in the closure of the macular hole by autoplasty in internal limiting membrane
Authors:   Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shishkin M.M. , Pavlovskiy O.А. ,   Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Larina E.A. ,   Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Propose a new technique of operation macular discontinuity, which is based on the preservation of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), and to assess the dynamics of retinal morphological and functional parameters for different embodiments of wound healing. Material and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 240 patients (240 eyes) with the diagnosis of macular hole were analyzed. Group 1 (120 eyes) – patients who underwent surgical treatment according to the standard method. Group 2 (120 eyes) – patients who were operated on using the original method with partial exfoliation of ILM in the Central zone. All patients underwent ophthalmological examination before and after surgery, including visometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy and OCT. Results. Preoperative functional parameters of the retina in patients of both groups were comparable. During the study, two types of closure of macular tears were identified. When studying the morphological changes in the «pseudocyst» type of macular rupture repair in patients of both groups, a more pronounced resistance of the neuroretinal tissue is observed in patients of the 1st group. In the 2nd group, a more pronounced dynamics of a decrease in the morphological parameters of the hyporeflexive defect was revealed throughout the entire observation period. With the complete closure of the macular gap, a higher rate of regression of edema of neuroepithelial tissue is observed in patients of the 2nd group. Conclusion. Based on this study, we can conclude that during this technique, the ILM is preserved, which reduces the risk of intraoperative damage to the retinal layers. Key words: macular rupture, peeling, internal boundary membrane, optical coherence tomography.
Complex treatment of uveitis with macular edema associated with systemic diseases using autologous platelet-rich plasma
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Arbenyeva N.S. , Bratko V.I. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Trunov A.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation,   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine» of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Chernykh V.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

In patients with uveitis associated with systemic diseases, a common cause of low vision is macular edema, which develops at any localization of the inflammatory process in 38–84% of cases. Autologous platelet-rich plasma is widely used in various branches of medicine, however, in the treatment of uveitis accompanied by macular edema, the clinical efficacy of its use has not been sufficiently studied. Purpose. To conduct a clinical and laboratory assessment of the effectiveness of complex treatment of uveitis with macular edema associated with systemic diseases using autologous platelet-rich plasma. Material and methods. The study included 120 people (120 eyes) from 18 to 50 years old with uveitis and macular edema associated with systemic diseases: 51 men, 69 women. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group consisted of patients who received anti-inflammatory treatment and administration of autologous plasma platelet-rich; comparison group – patients who received anti-inflammatory treatment. All patients underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination. Results. It has been established that the administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma against the background of anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with uveitis associated with systemic diseases accompanied by macular edema improves the maximally corrected visual acuity, a statistically significant decrease in the thickness of the retina in the fovea and an increase in the light sensitivity of the retina, relative to the data obtained in the comparison group. Conclusion. The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in combination with anti-inflammatory treatment leads to a decrease in the incidence of recurrence of uveitis associated with systemic diseases, helps to reduce macular edema and improve functional parameters. Key words: uveitis, macular edema, anti-inflammatory treatment, autologous platelet-rich plasma.
Using of urapidil for correction of arterial hypertension in cataract surgery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Bachinin E.A. , Ignatenko D.Y. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Stolyarov M.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Utkin S.I. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Khalfin R.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Comparative analysis of clinical efficacy of urapidil and droperidol for relief of arterial hypertension (AH) during cataract surgery. Material and methods. The study included 30 patients who underwent relief of intraoperative hypertension with urapidil or droperidol in combination with sedation. According to method of treatment of hypertension, 3 groups of patients were distinguished: 1st group – 10 patients whom were injected only with urapidil, 2nd group – 10 patients whom were injected urapidil against the background of sedation; 3rd group – 10 patients whom received droperidol against the background of sedation. Results. We relieved intraoperative rise in blood pressure and avoided complications associated with it, in all 3 groups. Using of urapidil did not cause side effects from cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous systems. The dose of urapidil was reduced when used in conjunction with sedatives. Droperidol has been shown to be effective in patients with cognitive impairment with signs of arousal. Conclusion. The applied methods of relief of intraoperative AH were effective in all patients. Urapidil for correction of AH in outpatients is justified due to its effectiveness and safety. Droperidol for treatment of AH is preferable for patients with unstable psychoemotional status, agitation. Such patients should be monitored in hospital. Key words: urapidil, ebrantil, droperidol, intraoperative arterial hypertension, ophthalmosurgery.
Structure of concomitant somatic pathology in patients different age groups before ophthalmic surgery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Esina M.A. , Filimonova E.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pavlyushchenko L.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Analysis of structure somatic pathology in patients different age groups before planned ophthalmic surgery. Material and methods. Analyzed 1200 medical records patients previously operated in the Khabarovsk branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, 3 age groups were formed. The 1st group included 11 patients under age of 40 years (0.9%), the 2nd group – 234 patients from 41 to 60 years (19.5%), the 3rd group – 955 patients over 60 years (79.6%). In each of the groups, the frequency and structure of concomitant somatic pathology, the degree of its compensation were studied. Results. In the 1st group, 54.5% of patients were somatically healthy, 45.5% had a pathology, represented mainly by stage 1 hypertension and type 1 diabetes. All of them were compensated, there were no difficulties in preparing for the operation in this group. In the 2nd group, 90.2% of patients had somatic pathology. The leading positions were occupied by hypertension and type 2 diabetes, the respiratory system pathologies, rheumatic diseases and the carriage of chronic hepatitis B and C viruses were added. Treatment correction at the preoperative stage was required for 2 patients (0.9%), after which the patients were operated. In 3rd group, 100% of patients had somatic pathology. Its structure did not differ much from the 2nd group, but there were also complications such as heart attacks, acute cerebrovascular accidents, complicated diabetes. Correction of therapy was carried out in 61 people (6.4%), 60 of them were successfully operated, one did not appear for hospitalization. Conclusion. Somatic burden increased and degree of compensation for diseases decreased with increasing age of patients. Successful operations are facilitated by individual approach to patient, taking into account the existing pathology and preoperative preparation. Key words: patient's age, somatic burden, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, compensation.
Clinic of ophthalmic lesions of the eye in multiple sclerosis
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E.
Published: June 2021

A literature review on the problem of multiple sclerosis (MS) with an emphasis on its ophthalmic manifestations is presented. This eye disorders are one of the most frequent early symptoms, along with unexplained weakness, absent-mindedness, memory impairment and other neurological complaints. The most common symptom of lesion is oculomotor disorders. Special attention is paid to such typical ophthalmic pathology of multiple sclerosis as optic (retrobulbar) neuritis. A number of features of the course of optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis are described, which help to establish the correct diagnosis. Key words: multiple sclerosis, ocular manifestations, optic (retrobulbar) neuritis.
Foveal bulge as a predictor of high visual function in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors:   Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fayzrakhmanov R.R. , Sukhanova A.V. ,   Institute of Advanced Training of Physicians of the Federal state budgetary institution «National Medical and Surgical Center named after N.I. Pirogov» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation (Department of Ophthalmology), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The integrity of photoreceptor's inner segment/outer segment connection plays great importance in predicting visual acuity in eyes with retinal pathology. However, even optical coherence tomographic study showed the intact of retinal layers, including photoreceptor's inner segment/outer segment line, after surgery due to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), low visual acuity is observed. Purpose. to identify predictors of high visual acuity in the foveolar zone in patients after successful RRD repair according to SD-OCT. Material and methods. Group 1 consisted of 20 cases – eyes after successful primary RRD repair performed through pars plana vitrectomy using silicone oil tamponade (1300 cSt), followed by removal of silicone oil with a replacement for sterile air. Group 2 – control, followed eyes without ophthalmopathology and visualisation of foveolar bulge according to OCT. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination and OCT on the 30th day after silicone oil removal. OCT examination was performed by Retina Map and Cross Line modes. The lengths of the outer segments of photoreceptors, inner segments of photoreceptors and the outer nuclear layer of the layer were measured in manual mode. Retina Map was used to measure retinal foveolar thickness. Results. During the study, the data of the foveolar thickness of the retina, the outer nuclear layer and the length of the outer segment of photoreceptors in the main group showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control group (p=0.002, p=0.006, p=0.02, respectively). In this case, a strong correlation was obtained only between the length of the outer segments of photoreceptors and visual acuity (r=0.68). Conclusion. The length of the outer segments of the cones in the central retinal area, or foveolar bulge, should considers a predictor of high visual acuity twostage surgical treatment of primary RRD using silicone oil. Key words: retinal detachment, foveolar bulge, ellipsoid zone, vitrectomy, OCT.
Ipsilateral penetrating rotational autokeratoplasty: case report and literature review
Authors:   The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine, Bobrova N.F. , Dembovetskaya A.N. ,   The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine, Shylyk A.V. ,   The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To assess the features and results of post-traumatic reconstruction of the anterior part of the eye in a child with ipsilateral rotational autokeratoplasty (IRAK). Clinical case. Patient I. 5.5 years old, on the right eye performed a reconstructive surgery of the anterior part of the eye with IRAK, including synechiotomy, iridoplasty, phacoaspiration of traumatic cataract and implantation of an intraocular lens. The analysis of literature data has been carried out The restoration of the transparency of the optical axis and increase in visual functions were obtained – the diameter of the autokeratograft was 8.0 mm with a rotation angle 110°. The most preferred for IRAK are central post-traumatic corneal scars, which have a linear shape with significant areas of the transparent corneal periphery preservation. Conclusion. IRAK does not require donor material, it is recommended for limited central corneal sports, eliminates the risk of graft rejection due to incompatibility, and does not require the usage of systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. IRAK is highly effective in childhood when it is necessary to perform combined reconstructive interventions such as «open sky» on the cornea, iris and lens. Key words: ipsilateral rotational autokeratoplasty, post-traumatic scars, ophthalmology reconstruction surgery.
Corneal topography and classical test in the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism before keratorefractive surgery
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kutuzova Y.V. , Dutchin I.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose.To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of assessing the stability of the tear film using corneotopography and the classic Norn test in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism before keratorefractive surgery. Material and methods. The study included 26 patients planned for keratorefractive surgery for myopia and myopic astigmatism, aged 18 to 47 years. 7 people there was a mild degree of myopia, in 14 people – medium degree, in 5 people – high degree. The average degree of corneal astigmatism was 2.25 diopters. The stability of the pre-corneal tear film was assessed using computed keratotopography and Norn's test – the tear film rupture time (TFRT) was deter- mined. A standard questionnaire was also used to assess the severity of symptoms of dry eye syndrome. A comparison was made of the indicators of the stability of the tear film obtained by the methods of corneotopography and the Norn's test, with their subsequent comparison with the data of the questionnaire. Results. In 17 patients (65.4%), the TFRT index corresponded to the age norm. In the remaining 9 people (34.6%), indicators of stability of the tear film were reduced both by corneotopography (12±4 sec) and by Norn's test (13.5±4.5 sec), and there were also subjective signs of dry eye syndrome according to data questionnaire. The data turned out to be comparable. Conclusions. 1. Among the total population of patients, 34.6% were persons with impaired tear film stability and subjective manifestations of dry eye syndrome. 2. Assessment of the stability of the tear film, determined using the method of corneal topography, showed a high degree of comparability with the results of Norn's test. A significant advantage of the keratotopography method is its non-invasiveness. 3. It is necessary to pay attention to the condition of the ocular surface and identify risk groups to avoid chronicity or aggravation of existing disorders. Key words: dry eye syndrome, tear film, keratotopography, Norn's test.
Results of a new modification of anti-glaucoma surgery in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma in combination with cataract
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Bikbov M.M. , Orenburgkina O.I. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Babushkin A.E. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation, Israfilova G.Z. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To study the effectiveness of the developed partially fistulizing glaucoma surgery in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in combination with complicated cataract. Material and methods. 28 patients (28 eyes) were examined, including 13 patients (13 eyes) with I–III stages of POAG, operated according to the method of glaucoma surgery developed by us (group 1), and 15 patients (15 eyes) with a combination of previously unoperated glaucoma with incomplete complicated cataracts, who underwent a combined intervention – simultaneous phacoemulsification of cataracts with the specified variant of partially fistulizing glaucoma intervention (group 2). The analysis of the frequency of complications, the dynamics of visual functions, visual acuity and ophthalmotonus before surgery, at the time of discharge from the hospital, and in the longterm (6–9 months) after surgery was carried out. Results. In group 1, in the long term, the absolute hypotensive effect was recorded in 81.8% of cases, visual functions remained the same – in 90.9%. In group 2, by the end of follow – up, the level of normalized intraocular pressure was recorded in all patients, while in 78.6% of cases without drug correction and in 21.4% – with the help of antihypertensive drugs. Visual acuity in group 2, after a single-stage combined operation by the day of discharge from the hospital, averaged 0.53±0.05, in the long-term – 0.77±0.06, while the stabilization of glaucoma optic neuropathy after surgery occurred in 92.9%. Conclusion. Glaucoma surgery according to the proposed method in the studied long-term periods in patients with POAG provided a sufficiently high hypotensive effect and the preservation of visual functions. Combined single-stage intervention was an effective way to increase visual acuity, normalize ophthalmotonus and stabilize glaucoma optic neuropathy, as well as reduce drug load. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, cataract, partially fistulizing glaucoma surgery, cataract phacoemulsification.
Analysis of causes of low visual acuity after endovitreal surgery of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and possibility of its improvement
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Egorov V.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Egorov A.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Smoliakova G.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Khudyakov A.Y. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Investigation of causes of low visual acuity after endovitreal surgery of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and possibility of its improvement. Material and methods. The study included 58 people (58 eyes) with RRD. Standard three-port vitrectomy was performed. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used for assess intraocular hemodynamics. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) was used to assess morphological and microcirculatory parameters of macular retina. Results. According to OCT-A, patients with low level of visual prognosis after endovitreal surgery ROS had pronounced capillary nonperfusion of macular retina. More significant positive changes in the parameters of chorioretinal blood flow were noted 6 months after surgery in patients receiving Cytoflavin, according to laser Doppler flowmetry and OCT-A. Conclusion. The main reasons for low visual acuity after surgery of RRD are morphological and hemodynamic changes leading to development of macular retinal ischemia. The inclusion of cytoflavin in postoperative treatment of patients undergoing endovitreal surgery of RRD significantly increases the functional outcome of operation. Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, chorioretinal blood flow, laser Doppler flowmetry, OCT-A, cytoflavin.
Rhombencephalosynapsis, The Famous Unknown: Own Experience and Literature Review of Prenatal Diagnosis with Sonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, M Spinelli , L Raio ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, C Vascone ,   Private Centre “Diagnostica Ecografica Prenatale Aniello Di Meglio srl”, Naples, Italy, LD Meglio ,   Private Centre “Diagnostica Ecografica Prenatale Aniello Di Meglio srl”, Naples, Italy, C Sica ,   Private Centre “Diagnostica Ecografica Prenatale Aniello Di Meglio srl”, Naples, Italy, AD Meglio ,   Private Centre “Diagnostica Ecografica Prenatale Aniello Di Meglio srl”, Naples, Italy
Published: June 2021

Rhombencephalosynapsis (RES) is a rare cerebellar malformation characterized by congenital fusion of the hemispheres and absence of the vermis. This condition is associated with developmental delay, seizures and involuntary head movements. Although the clinical and imaging aspect of this condition have been thoroughly investigated in the adult, prenatal diagnosis remains still a challenge in the modern Fetal-Maternal Medicine. Here we report our experience with 3 cases and review the current literature as well, focusing specifically on the obstetric imaging as well as on the prenatal diagnosis and management of this rare condition. RES should be considered in the differential diagnosis when absence of the vermis in the Posterior Fossa (PF) is suspected at prenatal Ultrasound Sonography (US), especially when ventriculomegaly or other Central Nervous System (CNS) anomalies are detected. A complete anatomical workup is necessary in these cases. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) remains to be the imaging modality of choice in confirming the diagnosis.
Off-Pump HeartMate 3® LVAD Implantation via Left Thoracotomy to Descending Aorta: Transition from Transaxillary Impella 5.0® LVAD
Authors:   Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA, R Luciano , A Arce ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, A Tuluca ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, B Bozorgnia ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, R Bonita ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, S Banka ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, YA Hamshari ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, T Robbins ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, MH Mossayebi ,   Departsments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA, L Samuels ,   Departsment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Published: June 2021

A 62-year-old man with a prior history of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) presented in cardiogenic shock. A percutaneous left femoral Impella CP® Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) was placed with modest improvement in hemodynamics. The LVAD was upgraded to an open right transaxillary Impella 5.0® with hemodynamic stabilization. Cardiacfunction was assessed with serial echocardiography demonstrating persistent severe left ventricular dysfunction. In view of previous CABG with patent Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) graft the decision was made to place a HeartMate 3® LVAD via left thoracotomy with LV apical inflow and descending aortic outflow. This approach was completed without the need for Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB). The postoperative course was uneventful and discharge to a rehabilitation center occurred on the ninth postoperative day.
Memory Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors:   Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Makedonia, Greece, T Antonis
Published: June 2021

Μemory by itself as a function, loses its capabilities with a normal deterioration. However, there are acquired conditions that negatively affect the functions of memory, resulting in dysfunction of its stages. Thus possible damage to the structures of the hemisphere that controls these processes disrupts the comprehension, organization and categorization of the material to be memorized. Patients with damage to these systems will have difficulty remembering because they have not adequately coded the material. Patients with Multiple Sclerosis report short-term memory difficulties in the sense that they have difficulty remembering details of recent conversations and events. Aim: To investigate the memory storage difficulties in Multiple Sclerosis. Materials and Methods: An international literature review was performed on Memory Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis. Conclusion: In patients with Multiple Sclerosis learning deficits are greatly aided by processing speed and working memory. It has been observed that slow mental processing makes it difficult for many patients with Multiple Sclerosis to capture an entire verbal message, especially if it is large, complex, delivered quickly and with external stimuli, such as a noisy environment.
Abstracts from the First Annual Meeting of the Experimental Medicine Graduate Students' Society of McGill University
Authors:   Experimental Medicine Graduate Students' Society
Published: June 2021

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Renato Ortiz e o Métier do Sociólogo
Authors: Bastos Elide
Published: June 2021

A questão que encaminho neste artigo é a seguinte: como Renato Ortiz analisa o métier do sociólogo, tema a que se dedica, a partir de diferentes ângulos. Primeiro abordo como esse autor define o trabalho intelectual; segundo, como desenha o perfil das Ciências Sociais.
Objetos Culturais
Authors: Sampaio Joslan
Published: June 2021

O artigo pretende analisar uma das condições de possibilidades que permite a consecução das mais variadas manifestações culturais. Neste sentido, este texto pretende analisar a vinculação dos objetos culturais com os signos da sua época. A análise resultante deste estudo acusa que uma expressão cultural é plasmada, dentre outras coisas, pelas permissões/coerções da poética cultural de seu tempo.
O setor de eventos e a importância da formação profissional
Authors: Virginio Darlyne
Published: June 2021

O artigo descreve as ações efetuadas no projeto de pesquisa "O setor de eventos e a importância da formação profissional: A percepção dos estudantes do curso técnico integrado em Eventos do IFRN (Campus Canguaretama)", desenvolvido por pesquisadores do IFRN. O projeto visou analisar se o futuro egresso do Curso Técnico Integrado em Eventos, reconhece a importância de sua formação profissional para o setor de eventos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A amostra do estudo foram os alunos do curso técnico em Eventos do 2° e 3° ano de 2018, do IFRN- Campus Canguaretama, com 52 respondentes, e a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário com 15 perguntas objetivas. Conclui-se que as metas destinadas a pesquisa juntamente com seu objetivo foram alcançadas, visto que foram analisadas as respostas dos participantes fato que colaborou para a publicação dos resultados em eventos técnico-científicos, estes, possibilitaram novas perspectivas ao estudo.
Existing NCD Monitoring and Surveillance Systems and its adaptability to Fiji’s context: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ligairi Josua , Wilson Donald , Tukana Isimeli
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The United Nations high-level meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases passed a political declaration on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) prevention and control in 2011, emphasizing the great need for NCD surveillance including in Low-to-Middle-Income-Countries (LMICs).
Method: A review of literature was conducted and set for full text citations published in English dated 1 January, 2007 to 31 August 2019. MESH terms or key words were selected from the following groups of generic terms: the following words “Health surveillance systems” and “NCD monitoring and surveillance system”. The literatures were tabulated according to the authors, date that was published and which journal, the title of the study, the surveillance design and their recommendations. The 13 articles that were identified, only one was conducted in a developing country while the rest were conducted in high income countries.
Results: 60% of the NCD surveillace system reviewed use passive surveillance, 30% uses passive assisted sentinel surveillance and 10% use passive assited spatial surveillance. Based on countries surveillance system there was an equal distribution on involvement in policy development (33%), behavioural risk associated aggregates (33%) and intergrated health information System (33%).Through intense review, passive assisted sentinel surveillance was mostly practiced and the use of spatial surveillace in this context for interregional comparisons of specified diseases.
Conclusion: There was less evidence on surveillance in LMIC but the following surveillance systems were identified as essential for Fiji’s proposed NCD surveillance system. This study suggest that a probable surveillance system that can be adopted by Fiji is a passive assisted sentinel surveillance system enhanced with Spatial data. Further consultation and a feasibility study can be proposed as a way forward for this study findings.