bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Rasch Wright map to understand the quality of Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Uncomplicated Malaria (HKAPIUM)
Authors: Jimam Nanloh S. , Ismail Nahlah E. , Dangiwa Dauda A. , Dapar Maxwell L.P. , Sariem Comfort N. , Paul Lomak A. , Mohammed Suwaiba G. , Dayom Danlami W.
Published: December 2021

The present study assessed the dimensionality and item difficulty targeting to person ability of HKAPIUM scale using Rasch Wright map approach. A HKAPIUM instrument (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.71) containing eighteen (18)-items was administered to 121 trained healthcare professionals involved in the management of uncomplicated malaria in 24 selected primary health care (PHC) facilities in Plateau state, Nigeria. The respondents filled and returned the instrument and the data was analyzed using Bond&Fox software®. The Rasch principal components analysis (Rasch-PCA) of the item residuals indicated variance explained values of 52 (knowledge), 41.1 (attitudes), and 55.4 (practices) and eigenvalues of the first contrast as 1.2, 1.8, and 1.5, respectively, which were within acceptable values thatindicated the unidimensionality of the three constructs of the HKAPIUM scale. The result showed moderate items difficulty levels for all the three constructs. The mean person ability levels of respondents with-respect-to knowledge-related items were low, while their mean person ability levels in endorsing the attitudes and practices-related items were good. The study revealed unidimensionality of the 3 constructs of HKAPIUM scale, with observed mismatch between item difficulty levels of the constructs with most of the person ability levels of the respondents.
Review of Risk Factors Associated with Transmission of Urinary Schistosomiasis amongst Vulnerable Groups: School Pupils and Almajiris and Effect of Treatment with Praziquantel in Maiduguri Metropolis, North-Eastern Nigeria.
Authors: Balla H.J. , Pius S. , Askira U.M.
Published: December 2021

Human schistosomiasis is the most prevalent tropical disease in the world after malaria. Most of the countries in Sub Saharan Africa including Nigeria have not achieved the Millennium Development Goals for accessing safe drinking water and halting or reversing major disease incidences. School aged children and young Almajiri were selected for the cross-sectional study. Awareness lectures were given at every study site before collection of samples. Urine filtration technique was used for the diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis. Infected subjects were given 60mg Praziquantel and followed up after 28 days and the effect was assessed by calculating the cure rate. A total of 308 subjects were enrolled comprising of 200 school children and 108 Almajiri respectively with a mean age of 13 years old. Female-to-male ratio is 9.6. Out of the 308 participants, 149 had urinary schistosomiasis (48.4%) with 5 among the females (17.2%) and 144 among the males (51.6%) respectively (p>0.005). A significant 26.3% of the respondents had haematuria and 77.8% were infected. Only one respondent admitted having knowledge of the disease. A total 136 of those infected received the treatment of 60mg Praziquantel and 43 (31.6%) showed eggs in their urine 28 days after taking PZQ. Highest (84.6%) cure rate was observed among the youngest age group of 5-9 years and lowest (60.3%) was observed among the oldest age group 15-19 years (p=0.005). An overall prevalence of 48.4% among these vulnerable group of the society calls for a great concern because these group of the population serve as means of maintaining the infection cycle. Dearth of knowledge about schistosomiasis, extreme weather condition, lack of potable water supply and poverty remains the reason behind the continued endemicity of schistosomiasis in the study area.
Proficient Masked Face Recognition Method Using Deep Learning Convolution Neural Network in Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Awan Saeed A. , Ali Syed Asif , Hussain Imtiaz , , Hassan Basit , Ashfaq Ashraf Syed Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is an incomparable disaster triggering massive fatalities and security glitches. Under the pressure of these black clouds public frequently wear masks as safeguard to their lives. Facial Recognition becomes a challenge because significant portion of human face is hidden behind mask. Primarily researchers focus to derive up with recommendations to tackle this problem through prompt and effective solution in this COVID-19 pandemic. This paper presents a trustworthy method to for the recognition of masked faces on un-occluded and deep learning-based features. The first stage is to capture the non-obstructed face region. Then we extract the most significant features from the attained regions (forehead and eye) through pre-trained deep learning CNN. Bag-of- word paradigm to has been applied to the feature maps to quantize them and to get a minor illustration comparing to the CNN’s fully connected layer. In the end a Multilayer Perceptron has been used for classification. High recognition performance with significant accuracy is seen in experimental results.
The Motivations of Learning Foreign Languages: A Descriptive Case Study of Polyglots
Authors: Noprival Noprival , Rafli Zainal , Nuruddin Nuruddin
Published: December 2021

Polyglots are extraordinary people in terms of language ability. Therefore, it is interesting to academically explore their motivations for learning several languages. This research is novel compared to previous studies because scant extant research exists of polyglots’ motivation for learning several languages. To this end, researchers collected data from semi structured interviews obtained from five informants. The method that we used was a descriptive case study. Findings showed that the polyglots’ motivation for learning multiple foreign languages were (a) pleasure, (b) social intercourse, (c) professional purposes, and (d) academic purposes. Mostly, the previous research revealed that motivation for people learning foreign languages were for social interaction, professional reasons, and academic purposes. Meanwhile, the motivation of polyglots for learning many languages besides those three motivations was for pleasure. This is the key point behind their commitment to sustainable multiple language learning.
İNFERTİL KADINLARIN GEBE KALMAK İÇİN UYGULADIKLARI GELENEKSEL UYGULAMALARIN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: BIÇAKÇI Hatice , TÜRK Rukiye
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma infertil kadınların gebe kalmak için tedavi amacıyla uyguladıkları geleneksel uygulamaların belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı özellikteki bu çalışma Türkiye’nin doğusunda bir şehir merkezinde merkezde Ocak 2017- Aralık 2017 tarihlerinde yapılmıştır. Örnekleme kartopu yöntemiyle ulaşılan gönüllü tüm infertil kadınlar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formuyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21 (SPSS) paket programında yapılmış, verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kadınların tamamı geleneksel uygulamaların en az birini yapmış oldukları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların %4,2’i 15-24 yaş aralığında, %64,6’sı 25-34 yaş aralığında, %31,3’ü de 35-44 yaş aralığında yer almaktadır. Kadınların yalnızca % 25 ‘i çalışmakta, %60,4 aylık gelirlerini kötü olarak algıladıkları belirlenmiştir. Kadınların %100’ü adakta bulunmuş, %70,8’i yatırda yiyecek dağıtmış, %52,1’i taş, çay, ebe gümeci, peynir şıratı pekmez buharına oturma yöntemini kullanmış oldukları belirlenmiştir. Kadınların %35,4’ü çeşitli otlar, baharat, sarımsak ve bal mumundan fitil yaparak vajen içine uyguladıkları, %52,9’u okunmuş su ile % 25’i şıratla banyo yapma yöntemini kullandıkları belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç ve Önerileri: İnfertil kadınların geleneksel yöntem uygulama olasılıkları çocuk sahibi olamama yıllarının artışına, geleneksel ailede yaşama durumlarına, çalışmama durumlarına göre artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Geleneksel yöntem uygulamaları nedeniyle oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar bakımından farkındalık çalışmaları ve eğitim programlarının toplum bazında artırılması önerilir.
PET-CT: Radiological signs in Sarcoidosis-Lymphoma Syndrome
Authors: Ronchi Brunela , Peña Gustavo , Henriquez Muriel
Published: December 2021

Sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome is a clinical entity that can be diagnosed in different ways. Some of them are atypical. For these complex cases, positron emission tomography (PET) combined with an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner (PET-CT) is definitive for subsequent biopsy. A clinical case of our group is presented, which leads to the corresponding revision / update.
54th Argentine Congress of Rheumatology
Authors: of Rheumatology Argentine Society
Published: December 2021

54th Argentine Congress of Rheumatology
Strategi Pemasaran Pariwisata Pantai Plengkung Kabupaten Banyuwangi Menggunakan 3P+4A (Price, Place, Promotion, Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, Ancillary)
Authors: Buditiawan Kristian
Published: December 2021

Plengkung Beach is one of the beaches in the Diamond Triangle line in Banyuwangi Regency. Plengkung Beach is dubbed “The Seven Giant Waves Wonder” by tourists. However, the potential development of Plengkung Beach has not been optimal because there are several problems such as the lack of media of promotions, limited modes of transportation, and visitor activities that tend to environmental pollutions. This study aims to formulate a marketing strategy for Plengkung Beach tourism based on the marketing aspects of 3P+4A (price, place, promotion, attraction, accessibility, amenity, and ancillary. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. The data were collected by survey and interviews with local government who were in charge of regional planning and tourism development as well as tourists who were selected randomly. The analysis method uses the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix. The results of the BCG matrix analysis place Plengkung Beach in the Question Mark quadrant, that where tourism marketing (on the supply side) is well-executed, but not so with the tourist perceptions. Tourism marketing plans for improving visitors of Plengkung Beach were repairing the road, adding tourist attractions, providing tourism supporting facilities and infrastructure such as hotels and restaurants, and reducing transportation rental costs.
Abstrak
Pantai Plengkung adalah salah satu destinasi pariwisata di Kabupaten Banyuwangi yang termasuk dalam Triangle Diamond (Segitiga Berlian). Daya tarik utama Pantai Plengkung adalah ombaknya yang termasuk dalam The Seven Giant Wave Wonder karena bagus untuk olahraga selancar. Meski demikian, pengembangan potensi Pantai Plengkung belum maksimal karena terdapat beberapa permasalahan seperti minimnya media dan sarana promosi, keterbatasan moda transportasi, dan aktivitas pengunjung yang cenderung merusak alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pemasaran pariwisata Pantai Plengkung berdasarkan aspek-aspek pemasaran jasa pariwisata 3P+4A. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif Data dikumpulkan melalui survei dan wawancara kepada instansi pemerintah terkait perencanaan pembangunan dan sektor pariwisata, dan wisatawan Pantai Plekung yang dipilih secara acak. Metode analisis menggunakan matrik Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Hasil analisis matrik BCG menempatkan Pantai Plengkung pada kuadran Tanda Tanya, artinya pemasaran pariwisata (sisi penawaran) sudah bagus dan menyeluruh tetapi belum sesuai dengan persepsi wisatawan. Upaya meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan dengan menerapkan strategi pemasaran pariwisata di Pantai Plengkung, yaitu dengan cara memperbaiki aksesibilitas jalan, penambahan daya tarik wisata, dan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana penunjang pariwisata seperti hotel dan restoran serta pengurangan biaya sewa kendaraan melalui sistem subsidi.
Hybrid Model of MSMEs for Livestock Hype Product Facing Consumer Sudden Shift on Pandemics
Authors: Kusumastuti A.E , Putritamara J. A , Azizah S.
Published: December 2021

Pandemic covid-19 breakout has a massive impact on the MSMEs sector. The majority of producers could not survive due to unpreparedness to face the economic shock due to declining purchasing power. So that, the research was designed to create a resilient strategy for business through a hybrid model with an analysis of planned behavior theory. The research focuses on livestock products that currently excites the community, intended for role models of agricultural food products as perishable food and susceptible to an unbalanced market. So that, the decline in purchasing power of the consumers is imbalanced with availability and vice versa. The selected products are mozzarella cheese and honey. The research used an interview survey method with producers and consumers. Data analysis used game theory to design a model that conforms to the condition of the business. Results of the research showed that hybrid model of MSMEs for mozzarella and honey (livestock products which are hype during a pandemic) has the optimization of strategy to bring more adaptive business into reality by improvising strategy of popularity for mozzarella product of brand X and improvisation from an advocacy perspective for a honey product of MSMEs brand X. MSMEs products have opportunity to acquire market and compete with big companies in each product because it has superiority that would be able to meet the consumer needs and conform to the purchasing power.
Autistic people's family and emotional intelligence
Authors: Chaidi Irene , Drigas Athanasios , Karagiannidis Charalampos
Published: December 2021

In recent years there has been a growing interest in people on the autism spectrum but also the impact it has on their families, both in terms of the cohesion and relationship that develops between its members and its emotional intelligence. The aim of this work is through the literature review a) to depict the emotional intelligence of families with a person on the autism spectrum b) to present the research findings c) to present the factors that affect the emotional intelligence of families
Grade six students’ and teachers’ attitudes towards socio-constructivism in science education
Authors: Potgieter Annelize , Potgieter Marthienus Johannes
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of Grade 6 students and their science teachers towards a socio-constructivist way of learning and teaching science, compared to the usual way of learning and teaching science; as well as the science teaching practices. The data was collected during a period of eight weeks in two rural primary schools in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. A five-week intervention was conducted during which the researchers taught science in a socio-constructivist way. Observations were conducted as well as interviews with the teachers and 10 students (5 in each school) using the CLES observation guide, CLES interview guide, CLES Actual questionnaire and CLES Preferred questionnaire. The interviewed students also participated in a focus group. The results showed that some elements of socio-constructivism were appreciated by the students and teachers and other elements not. The students’ attitudes were positive about scientific uncertainty and student negotiation and rather negative about critical voice and shared control. The attitudes of the teachers were more ambiguous.
The Effect of Critical Thinking on Social Media Use, Tolerance, and Self-Assessment of Adolescents in Tulungagung, Indonesia
Authors: Zaenul Fitri Agus
Published: December 2021

This study aims to examine and measure the influence of the effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents at school. Critical thinking has become a necessity for everyone in the era of the digitalization of technology. In dealing with the problems of adolescent life, critical thinking is one of the bases for taking action. Everyday teenagers are faced with very complex problems, such as addiction to the use of social media, lack of tolerance, and inaccurate self-assessment. Lack of literature that discusses the importance of critical thinking in dealing with these problems, researchers are interested in examining the effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents. This research was a quantitative method, by taking 206 adolescents aged 17-18 years as the research sample. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25 software was used to conduct a one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to determine the difference in effect on the dependent variable showing that there is an effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents. A percentage of the influence of critical thinking on self-assessment is higher than the use of social media or tolerance. Critical thinking and self-assessment have a very close relationship, so they have a higher influence. It turns out that critical thinking has a major influence on adolescent self-assessment, which is followed by the use of social media and a tolerant attitude. This research is expected to reinforce the importance of critical thinking in adolescents at schools.
Remarriage of elderly Widows: Widows’ attitude and fear regarding new romantic relationships
Authors: Motsoeneng Molefi
Published: December 2021

This study examines the fears, after the death of their partners, which elderly widows experience regarding a new romantic relationship, in other words the decision whether to stay single or remarry. Participants in the study were widows who provided information about their attitude and fears regarding remarriage. The study operationalizes the theory of marriage in order to understand the factors that influenced their decisions whether to remain single or opt for re-marriage. The study is anchored in a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews with elderly widows who were not currently married were employed to collect data. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis that defined the experiences and perceptions of elderly widows. The findings were categorized into five main themes: fear of being ostracised by in-laws and family pressure, poor previous marriages, the caregiver role, inheritance rights, and not being able to find a suitable partner. Their involvement in a remarried relationship is perceived as taboo by both family and family-in-law. Furthermore, they see a remarriage as compromising their inheritances rights and are aware of the difficulty of finding a partner who matches their preference.
Nutritional analysis of selected wild edible vegetables of the Vhembe region, South Africa
Authors: Mokganya Mokgaetji Georginah , Tshisikhawe Milingoni Peter , Mushaphi Lindelani Fhumudzani , Amoo Stephen , Potgieter Martin
Published: December 2021

For rural communities, wild edible plants play a paramount role as foods, which improve their nutritional livelihood and combat food insecurity. The prevalence of Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Fe, and Zn from eight wild edible vegetables were studied. The micronutrients have the highest deficiency prevalence in human in the Vhembe region of the Limpopo Province, South Africa whereas trace elements studied in this research play indispensable roles in the maintenance of health and disease states of humans and domestic animals. Plant samples (leaves), free of infections, were obtained from street hawkers located between Levubu and Makhado in the province. Analysis of Fe, Zn, b-carotene and quantification of Vitamin C was achieved by following methods which are explained in the methodology section with slight modifications. Amaranthus Hybridus L. contained high amounts of 226±3.06 mg/100g and 15.5+/-3.52 mg/100g of Fe and Zn respectively. Solanum retroflexum was found to have the highest amount of Vitamin A (b-carotene) of 10.91 mg/100g DW , while Amaranthus thunbergii contained the highest (69.11mg/100g DW) amount of Vitamin C. There is a chance of blending wild edible vegetables for consumption. The blending of Solanum retroflexum and Amaranthus thunbergii is therefore recommended as it promotes Vitamin A and Vitamin C contents in the diet of humans.
Effect of Categorizing EFL Shaqra University Students' Writing Errors on Writing Improvement
Authors: Majzoub Islam
Published: December 2021

This paper aims at using a strategy of categorizing EFL Shaqra University students' writing errors and identifying its effect in improving students' writing. The study hypothesized that categorizing students' errors into main headings related to the types of error, frequencies of error, examples of errors, and causes of errors will provide precise insight into the nature of students' errors. Moreover, providing students with models to read and extract the difficult vocabularies from them, understanding their meanings, and using them in their writing will improve students' writing. Hence, the researcher gave 65 female students a title to write about in lecture number one as a pre-test. The title was "women driving in Saudi Arabia", and in lecture number eleven, she gave them a post-tester in the same title after applying the hypothesized teaching strategy. The findings of students' essay analysis in the pre-test proved that students had many grammatical and lexical mistakes but in the post-test the students writing improved significantly in terms of style, diction, developing ideas, spelling, and punctuation. Even their errors decreased from 936 errors in the pre-test to 57 errors in the post-test which indicates the success of the teaching strategy adopted by the researcher. Accordingly, the researcher recommended that:  firstly, instructors should categorize their students' writing errors to have a clear insight into the nature of their students' errors hence specifying much time in explaining the areas of students' weaknesses.  Secondly, instructors should provide students with a well-written model to read; and then ask them to criticize those reading models. The students will learn through criticizing and imitating the style of reading models. Moreover, the instructors of Shaqraa should specify much time explaining morphology since it was the branch that the students make many errors in it.
Evaluation of teaching factory in collaboration with PT. Telkom for the adaptability development of vocational school students ICT expertise program using CIPP
Authors: Sunaryo Ari , Widiyanti Widiyanti , Nurjannah Nunung
Published: December 2021

This study aims to combine business ideas with vocational or vocational education that is commensurate with the competence of ICT expertise, the process of implementing the Teaching Fac—teaching). Teaching Factory (TEFA) which is implemented using the concept of Context, Input, Process, and Product. The approach used in this research is qualitative which is supported by quantitative data by solving case studies. The results of the research in the evaluation of the Teaching Factory (TEFA) showed that the implementation of the Teaching Factory at SMKN 1 Boyolangu Tulungagung using the CIPP model resulted in 89% being very in line with the criteria, but the thing to note from this assessment is that adjustments are needed to the main teacher competencies in the implementation of Teaching Factory. (TEFA).
The role of the ICT teacher in e-learning-based teaching
Authors: Sukisworo Fetri , Marsono Marsono , Widiyanti Widiyanti
Published: December 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a fundamental impact on various aspects of humanity. Starting from attacking health, this pandemic has hit the education sector which is quite influential on human life. Enforcement of regulations while maintaining a distance of about one meter has implications for the education process in Indonesia. Therefore, the educational element must encourage the distance learning process. The term arises because it sees distance learning as an alternative to face-to-face methods so that education can always be held without controversy under any circumstances. This activity raises the use of technology that is used as teaching material for distance education. Distance learning techniques allow users to take advantage of technologies such as online learning. Teachers will be required to abandon using traditional techniques whose methods are somewhat indifferent. Online learning creates internet connectivity and the use of information technology in helping the teaching and learning process that can be applied in Google Classroom. In this article, researchers focus on using Google Classroom in the context of implementing distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Impact of South African migration policies on the migrants’ quality of life and the role of social work
Authors: Masilo Daniel Tuelo , Makhubele Jabulani Calvin , Rabotata Enoch , Mabasa Allan , Matlakala Frans Koketso , Mafa Prudence , Baloyi Themba , Kwakwa Motshidisi
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses the impact of South African migration policies on the migrants’ quality of life. It does that with a particular focus on the Bill of Rights as contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. This is followed by a discussion on the role of social work in addressing any shortcomings that arise as a result of the implementation of the migration policies. This paper is primarily a desk study involving rigorous literature review on migration and relevant South African policies and international instruments. Theoretically, the ecosystems perspective is adopted to support and guide discussions in this paper. The discussions in this paper reveal that the South African migration policies do contribute towards the quality of life of the migrants, however, the challenges emanate from the implementation stage. It is from this understanding that various social work roles are discussed in order to help address the identified challenges.
King IV municipal supplements: the impact on the municipal’s approach to governance
Authors: Chauke Richard
Published: December 2021

In using King IV municipal supplement as a conceptual framework, this paper critically analyses the King IV supplement implementation and control system within the municipal sector. For the municipality to be trusted and accountable to the public, it needs to implement effective governance processes. The observance of municipal governance implementation framework poses a significant challenge for the municipalities. The prevalence of unsuccessful provision of essential services and unsuccessful audit is an indication of the failure by municipal boards that are charged with the implementation of effective governance practices. It is further indicative of the municipal board not to understanding their governance roles fully. The advent of King IV municipal supplement will give more impetus to the implementation of governance framework and effective control processes. The municipal supplement will serve as a guide to proper governance in the municipality and will push for all municipal stakeholders to be involved in the governance of the municipality. The implementation of the King IV municipal supplement will enable the municipality to fulfil the constitutional mandate and deliver on the essential services. It has also become evident that good governance in the municipality is beneficial for stakeholders as a well-governed organization inspires the confidence of the stakeholders and lowers the cost of its operations. Even though King IV is not law, the governance outcome that it can achieve are laudable. The adoption and implementation King IV code municipal supplements practices will become the criteria by which the required standard of care and appropriate standard of conduct of the council can measured.
Basic principles in achieving a good relationship with the Media in Administration
Authors: Rus Mihaela , Tasențe Tănase , Sandu Mihaela Luminița , Burcă Andreea Ioana
Published: December 2021

Especially in diplomatic relations, a good relation between the embassies and the local mass-media can make a major contribution to strengthening relations between the two countries, both socially and economically. An administration with a good image in the mentality of public opinion must take the citizens into account, it must build basic principles on which they can fulfill the promises made to them, to respect the decisions adopted, so it leads to the good achievement of everything. That is why specialists recommend some basic principles when we want to achieve a very good relationship with the media, and namely: knowing the public, choosing a patient storyteller, focusing the results on activities, moving beyond the room echo-concentration of attention outside the walls of the business, the company must provide confidence, must be in accordance with the promise and delivery of information and appeal to action. This paper is structured in 3 chapters. The first two chapters address the topic from a theoretical point of view, and the third chapter is dedicated to a case study on the communication strategy with the media of the U.S. Embassy in Bucharest.
OTRAS FORMAS DE GOBIERNO JUDICIAL EN ESTADOS COMPUESTOS. LOS CASOS DE ITALIA Y LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMÉRICA
Authors: SAIZ GARITAONANDIA ALBERTO
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de la distinta manera en
la que se ha abordado la cuestión del gobierno del Poder Judicial en dos Estados
compuestos como son Italia y los Estados Unidos de América. De forma previa, y
con el objeto de poder comprender de un modo más adecuado el tema principal, se
estudian sucintamente diferentes cuestiones relativas a la Administración de Justicia
en esos países, con especial énfasis en la estructuración y disposición de los
distintos tribunales que nos podemos encontrar en los mismos. Finalmente, se
efectúa una somera valoración de los sistemas a la luz de la independencia judicial,
como principio básico en el funcionamiento y regulación de todos los órganos de
la Administración de Justicia y, especialmente, de sus instituciones de gobierno.

Bi herrialde konposatutan, Italian eta Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan,
Botere Judizialaren gobernua bakoitzak bere erara nola landu duten aztertu
eta azalduko du lan honetan. Aurretik, eta gai nagusia hobeto ulertarazteko, herrialde
horietako justizia-administrazioari buruzko hainbat gai jorratuko ditu, bereziki
erreparatuta herrialde horietan dauzkaten epaitegi ezberdinen egiturari eta
disposizioari. Azkenik, bi sistemen balorazio azalekoa egingo du, independentzia
judizialaren ikuspegitik, etsita hori dela justizia-administrazioaren organo guztien
funtzionamenduaren eta erregulazioaren oinarrizko printzipioa, batez ere, gobernuaren
erakundeena.

This works deals with the analysis of the different ways by which
composite States like Italy or United States of America have tackled the ruling of
the judicial branch. Previously, and with the purpose of a better understanding of
the principal topic, several questions related to the Judiciary in those countries are
concisely studied, stressing the structure and organization of their different courts.
Finally, a brief evaluation of the systems is carried out in the light of the judicial independence
as a basic principle for their functioning and regulation of all judiciary
bodies, and specially their ruling institutions.
CUESTIONES JURÍDICAS CONTROVERTIDAS EN TORNO A LAS VIVIENDAS PROTEGIDAS, EN ESPECIAL LAS DEFICIENCIAS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN
Authors: CUBERO MARCOS JOSE IGNACIO
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo tiene por objeto resolver algunos interrogantes que
plantea la actual legislación de vivienda protegida. En primer lugar, cabe preguntar
si los mecanismos de control de las construcciones se encuentran definidos
y si pueden evitar las numerosas reclamaciones administrativas y judiciales por
parte de los adjudicatarios. En segundo lugar, se pone de relieve la ineficacia del
sistema sancionador para la reparación de los defectos que aparezcan en las viviendas.
Puede resultar excesivamente lento y se encuentra repleto de obstáculos
probatorios para determinar la culpabilidad. Por último, los usuarios de las viviendas
pueden acudir a la jurisdicción civil, a fin de obtener una subsanación de los
vicios. Sin embargo, la Administración podría iniciar, por los mismos hechos, un
procedimiento sancionador. Pueden enjuiciarse y castigarse dos veces unos mismos
hechos. Se presentan soluciones para evitar un bis in idem en esta materia.

Babes ofizialeko etxebizitzei dagokien legediak agerturiko arazoak
konpontzea da lan honen xedea. Lehenik, galdetu beharra dago eraikinak
kontrolatzeko baliabideak zehaztu diren eta jasotzaileek tarteratu duten erreklamazio
ugariak saihestu daitezkeen. Bigarrenik, zigortzeko sistemak agertzen duen eraginkortasun
eza azaltzen da, etxebizitzetan sortzen diren akatsak zuzentzeko. Sistema
hori motela izan daiteke, eta frogabideen inguruko oztopoez gainezka dago,
erruduntasuna zehaztu ahal izateko. Azkenik, etxebizitzen erabiltzaileek jurisdikzio
zibilera jo dezakete, akatsak konpontzeko erabakia lortzeko asmoz. Hala ere, Administrazioak
egitate berdinagatik beste zigortzeko prozedura bat has dezake. Egitate
berdinak bi aldiz epaitu eta zigortu daitezke. Bis in idem saihesteko irtenbideak
azaltzen dira.

This work has by object to solve some questions about the legislation
on public housings. In first place, it is questioned if the control mechanisms of
buildings should be defined and if plaints that beneficiaries put in can be avoided.
In second place, the punish system is not effective for repairing failings appear in
houses. System can be too slow and it finds proof troubles to define guiltiness.
By finishing, Users of houses can go to civil tribunals to claim damages. However,
Administration could start administrative punish process on the same facts. Proposals
will be explained for preventing a ne bis in ídem.
EL MARCO DEL ORDENAMIENTO ESPAÑOL PARA EL EJERCICIO DE LA ACCIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDAD POR INCUMPLIMIENTO JUDICIAL DEL DERECHO COMUNITARIO. (A PROPÓSITO DE LA SENTENCIA DE LA AUDIENCIA NACIONAL DE 10 DE
Authors: COBREROS MENDAZONA EDORTA
Published: December 2021

El ejercicio efectivo de la acción de indemnización frente al Estado,
cuando el daño proviene de una resolución judicial que ha incumplido el Derecho
comunitario, presenta algunas dificultades en el Derecho español, que tiene que
tratarlo por la vía indemnizatoria del error judicial. Pero, a la vista de la doctrina
jurisprudencial existente al respecto, surgen algunas dificultades para satisfacer
las exigencias del principio comunitario de efectividad.

Estatuaren aurreko kalte-ordain ekintzaren egikaritze eraginkorrak,
noiz eta kaltea erkidego-zuzenbidea bete ez duen ebazpen judizial batetik
datorren, zenbait zailtasun dauzka Espainiako zuzenbidean, akats judizialaren kalte-
ordain bidetik tratatu behar baitu. Baina, gai horri buruz dagoen doktrina jurisprudentzialaren
arabera, zenbait zailtasun sortzen dira eraginkortasunari buruzko
erkidego-printzipioaren eskakizunak betetzeko.

The effective exercise of the right to redress against State as a result
of a damage caused by infringement of Community Law attributable to a judicial
ruling shows some difficulties in Spanish Law since it has to be treated as a
compensation for a judicial error. However, some problems arise in order to fulfill
the requirements of the Community principle of effectiveness in light of the existing
judicial caselaw.
LA APLICACIÓN EXTRATERRITORIAL DEL CONVENIO 169 DE LA OIT ANTE LA ACTUACIÓN DE LAS EMPRESAS TRASNACIONALES ESPAÑOLAS QUE AFECTEN A LOS DERECHOS INDÍGENAS
Authors: MARTÍNEZ DE BRINGAS ASIER
Published: December 2021

El 15 de febrero de 2007 el Estado español depositó formalmente
el instrumento de ratificación del Convenio de la Organización Internacional del
Trabajo (OIT) sobre pueblos indígenas y tribales. Su ratificación abre un importante
y denso debate en torno al valor real de la misma para un Estado como el
español que carece de pueblos indígenas en el interior de sus fronteras; es decir,
en el ámbito de la soberanía territorial y jurisdiccional inmediata del Estado. La tesis
fundamental que queremos defender en este escrito es que el Convenio sí posee
valor jurídico para el Estado español, siempre que se apela a una aplicación
extraterritorial del mismo. Por tanto, el contenido y obligaciones jurídicas que establece
el Convenio, serán de obligado cumplimiento para el Estado. Para otorgar
validez jurídica a estas afirmaciones será necesario apelar a la aplicación extraterritorial
del Convenio, de tal manera que sean controlables las actuaciones e intervenciones
de las empresas trasnacionales españolas.

Lanaren Nazioarteko Erakundeak herrialde indigenei eta tribuei
buruzko berrespen-tresna gordailutu zuen Espainiako estatuan 2007ko otsailaren
15ean. Berrespen-tresna horrek eztabaida garrantzitsua eta trinkoa eragin du Espainia
bezalako estatu batentzat duen egiazko balioari buruz, ez baitu herri indigenarik
bere mugen barruan, hau da, estatuaren lurralde- eta jurisdikzio-subiranotasunaren
esparru zuzenaren arloan. Hau da idatzi honetan defendatu nahi dugun
oinarrizko tesia: hitzarmenak badu balio juridikoa Espainiako estatuarentzat, betiere
lurraldez kanpoko aplikazioaz ari bagara. Hala bada, hitzarmen honek ezartzen
dituen edukia eta betebehar juridikoak nahitaez bete beharrekoak izango dira estatuarentzat.
Baieztapen horiek balio juridikoa izango badute, beharrezkoa izango
da hitzarmenaren lurraldez kanpoko aplikazioaz aritzea, nazioz gaindiko espainiar
enpresen jarduerak eta esku-hartzeak kontrolatzeko modukoak izan daitezen.

In February 15th, 2007, Spain formally ratifi ed the Convention on
indigenous peoples made by the International Labour Organization (ILO). Its ratifi
cation opens an important and broad debate over its real value for Spain, due
to the fact that it lacks indegenous peoples within its territory; that is, within the
inmediate State territorial and jurisdictional sovereignty. The main thesis that we
would like to defend in this text is that the Convention has legal value for Spain,
whenever it is applied outside the Spanish territory. Therefore, the content and legal
duties established by the Convention will bind the State. In order to give legal
validity to those statements, it would be necessary to call for the extraterritorial
application of the Convention, so that the actions and interventions by Spanish
transnational companies can be controlled.
DECLARACIÓN DE LESIVIDAD. ANÁLISIS DE SU RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO
Authors: MESEGUER YEBRA JOAQUÍN
Published: December 2021

El calado de las modificaciones que se efectuaron en 1999 en el régimen
de revisión de oficio de los actos nulos de pleno derecho regulado en la Ley
30/1992, de 26 de noviembre (LRJPAC), resultan insignificantes cuando las comparamos
con las habidas en la antes llamada «revisión de actos anulables» Podemos
afirmar que en este ámbito fue menor el impacto de la transición de la Ley de Procedimiento
Administrativo de 1958 a la primera redacción de la LRJPAC, que el resultante
de las innovaciones introducidas en 1999.
Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de la declaración de lesividad y ulterior
proceso jurisdiccional del mismo nombre, deteniéndonos en aquellas cuestiones
menos «obvias» del procedimiento: naturaleza de la declaración de lesividad
como presupuesto procesal, la controvertida audiencia del interesado y la eventual
suspensión de la eficacia del acto durante la tramitación del procedimiento,
su impugnabilidad y las especialidades del proceso de lesividad.

Egintza zuzenbide osoz deusezak berrikusteko araubideak izandako
aldaketen garrantzia hutsala da azaroaren 26ko 30/1992 Legeak (HAAJAPEL)
arautzen duen ¿«egintza deuseztagarriak berrikustea» izenekoan egindakoekin
alderatuz gero. Baiezta dezakegu esparru horretan txikiagoa izan zela 1958ko Administrazio
Prozedura Erkidearen Legetik LRJPACaren lehenbiziko idazketara egindako
aldaketaren eragina 1999an sartutako berrikuntzen emaitza baino.
Lan honen helburua da izen bereko kaltegarritasun-adierazpena eta ondorengo
jurisdikzio-prozesua aztertzea, prozeduraren kontu ez hain «agerikoetan» jarrita
arreta, hala nola: kaltegarritasun-adierazpenaren beharra prozesuaren aldez aurreko
baldintza gisa, interesatuari eman beharreko eztabaida bidezko entzunaldia eta
prozeduraren izapideak egin bitarteko egintzaren balizko etendura, aurkagarritasuna
eta kaltegarritasun-prozesuaren berezitasunak.

The importance of the changes operated in 1999 to the rules related
to the ex-officio review of absolute null acts as set forth by Act 30/1992 are insignificant
if we compare them to the previously called «review of voidable acts».
We may say that in this field the impact of the change because of the 1958 Act to
the first version of the Act of Legal Regime of the Common Administrative Procedure
was minor than that produced by the amendments introduced in 1999.
This work is focused on the study of the declaration of injuriousness and subsequent
judicial procedure with the same name, and we will stop at those less
«obvious» questions of the procedure: the nature of the declaration of the interested
party and the possible suspension of the act during the procedure, its conditions
to be reviewed and the specialities of the injuriousness procedure.
GIZARTE-BAZTERKERIAREN AURKAKO POLITIKAK EAEN: ORAINA, ERRONKAK ETA ETORKIZUNA
Authors: MORENO MÁRQUEZ GORKA
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se analizan las principales características de las
políticas públicas de lucha contra la exclusión social que se desarrollan en la
Comunidad Autónoma Vasca. Para ello, se han realizado una serie de entrevistas
a los responsables políticos en esta materia. En un primer momento, se presentan
las principales medidas y programas que se dan y su relación entre ellas, incidiendo
en aspectos como la distribución competencial. En segundo lugar, se hace
una valoración de las políticas existentes siguiendo las potencialidades y las limitaciones
que apuntan las personas entrevistadas. Igualmente, se esbozan algunos
elementos que podrían incidir en la mejora de estas políticas públicas. En un
último apartado se pregunta acerca de las posibilidades que puede tener, tanto en
el presente como de cara al futuro, una propuesta como la de la Renta Básica de
Ciudadanía.

Artikulo honen bidez Euskadiko Autonomi Erkidegoan gizartebazterkeriaren
aurkako politika publikoen ezaugarri nagusienak aztertzen dira. Horretarako,
arlo honetan lan egiten duten arduradun politiko ezberdinak elkarrizketatu
izan dira. Lehenik eta behin, neurri eta programa garrantzitsuen aurkezpena
eta hauen arteko harremana azaltzen da, administrazio ezberdinen eskumenak eta
lan-eremuak azpimarratuz eta gizarte-baztekeriaren aurkako politikek erakusten duten
eskumenen banaketa bereziari arreta handia emanez. Bigarrenik, neurri hauen
balorazioa egiten da, elkarrizketatutako pertsonek azpimarratutako gabezi eta
ahuleziak aipatuz. Era berean hobetu beharko liratekeen elementuak lantzen dira.
Azkenik, gaur egungo testuinguruan zein etorkizunean Herritartasun Oinarrizko
Errentak izan ditzazkeen aukeren inguruan galdetzen da, arduradun politikoen iritzia
jaso egin delarik.

In this article there are analysed the characteristics of the main
public policies centred on the fi ght against the social exclusion in the Autonomic
Community of the Basque Country. For this, we have made a series of interviews
to the political responsibles of the areas that work in the fi ght against social exclusion.
First, there are shown which are the principal measures and programs, and
how they work. Later, these measures are evaluated, revealing and underlining the
weaknesses and lacks highlighted by the interviewed people. Finally, we examine
the opinion of the political responsibles about the Basic Income of Citizenship, and
there are glimpsed which could be the possibilities of this one, not so much in the
present context as with a view to the future.
NOTAS SOBRE EL BORRADOR DE ESTATUTO DEL ESTUDIANTE UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: GONZÁLEZ GARCÍA JULIO
Published: December 2021

El artículo analiza las modifi caciones del régimen jurídico de los
estudiantes universitarios que están previstos en el Borrador de Estatuto de Estudiante
Universitario. En particular, se contemplan los aspectos relativos a los
derechos que se contemplan en dicho documento; al ejercicio de la potestad disciplinaria
por las autoridades universitarias, la vinculación con la educación para la
ciudadanía, los elementos para mayor protección de los derechos y los problemas
jurídicos que plantea el seguro escolar.

Unibertsitateko Ikaslearen Estatutuaren zirriborroan ikasle horien
araubide juridikoan egin beharreko aldaketak aztertzen ditu artikulu honek.
Hauek dira aipatzen dituen kontu nagusiak: agiri horretan jasotzen diren eskubideen
gainekoak; unibertsitateko agintariek diziplina-ahalaz egiten duten erabilpena;
herritartasunerako hezkuntzarekiko lotura; eskubideak hobeto babesteko elementuak
eta eskola-aseguruek planteatzen dituzten arazo juridikoak.

This article analyzes the amendments to the legal regime of the
University students which are established at the Draft Statute of the University
student. Particularly, it deals with the aspects relative to the rights included in that
document, the exercise of the disciplinary power by University authorities, the
links with the education for the citizenship, the elements for a broader protection
of rights and the legal problems which arise from the scholar insurance.
EL DEFENSOR UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: PASCUAL MEDRANO AMELIA
Published: December 2021

La fi gura del Defensor Universitario fue prevista con carácter general
por la LOU como órgano universitario garante de los derechos y las libertades
de todos los miembros de la comunidad universitaria. A partir de ello, esta
Institución, que contaba ya con algunos precedentes, se ha generalizado en la Universidad
española. Sus actuaciones se hallan siempre dirigidas hacia la mejora de
la calidad universitaria y viene regidas por los principios de independencia y autonomía.
Al margen de ello, su concreto régimen jurídico depende de la oportuna
regulación efectuada por cada universidad, si bien cabe observar que mantiene en
casi todas ellas rasgos similares. El Defensor Universitario se ha configurado, en
defi nitiva, como una auténtico ombudsman.

Unibertsitateko defendatzailearen fi gura Unibertsitateen Lege
Organikoan ezarri zen, unibertsitate-komunitateko kide guztien eskubideak eta askatasunak
bermatzeko. Hortik abiatuta, erakunde hori, zenbait aurrekari zituena,
orokortu egin da Espainiako unibertsitateetan. Defendatzailearen jarduera guztien
helburua da unibertsitatearen kalitatea hobetzea, betiere independentzia- eta autonomia-
printzipioei jarraiki. Hori alde batera utzita, fi guraren araubide juridiko
zehatza unibertsitate bakoitzaren esku dago; nolanahi ere, esan beharra dago oso
antzekoa dela guztietan. Unibertsitateko defendatzailea, azken buruan, benetako
ombudsmana bilakatu da.

The fi gure of the University ombudsman was established with
general character by the Organic Act on Universities (LOU) as a University body
to guarantee the rights and liberties of every university member. Starting from
it, this institution, which it already had precedents, has been generalized along
the Spanish universities. Its actions are always addressed towards the University
improvement and they are ruled by the principles of independence and autonomy.
Apart from it, its concrete legal regime depends on the appropriate rules operated
by each University, even though it should be observed that in almost all of them
have similar features. The University ombudsman has in short been shaped as a
true ombudsman.