bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual Design for Ankle Rehabilitation Robot by Using Morphological Chart and Pugh Method
Authors: Von Teh Cheryl Yi , Bin Shahrol Aman Muhammad Nazrin Shah , Mustafa Wan Azani , Bin Ahmad Shahrol Aman
Published: December 2020

Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in competitive sports and recreational activities according to studies. Ankle sprains accounted for 70% or more of all reported ankle injuries in high risks sports. However, ankle sprains often only partially treated and there are more than 40% of ankle sprains are recurrent. Even though the ankle rehabilitation treatment exists, but there are some limitations that relates to the current situations. Firstly, the cost for ankle rehabilitation treatments are high and may be a burden to the patients while the traditional rehabilitation treatment performance highly relies on a physiotherapist’s experience and the manual training method makes physiotherapist exhausted. Therefore, ankle rehabilitation robot can help to solve these problems. Morphological Chart are used to generate the concept design while Pugh Method are used to choose the best design. Concept design A (4 DOF Pulley Driven Cable Based Parallel Mechanism Ankle Rehabilitation Robot) are chosen as the best design among 5 concept design due to its advantages in aspect of low cost, easy to use, high portability, high back drivability and fulfilment of ankle rehabilitation exercises.
5.8 GHz Circular Polarized Microstrip Feeding Antenna for Solar Panel Application
Authors: Jamlos Mohd Aminudin , Khairi Maswani , Ariffah Sharifah Nur , Mustafa Wan Azani , Syed Idrus Syed Zulkarnain , Muhammad Atiqah
Published: December 2020

Circular polarized microstrip antenna have been proposed to establish connection among distributed solar farms. The base station antenna of each solar farm permits more precise on the targeting the radio signal and usually is placed at the open area or at a height place so that the radio waves to be transmitted will not be interrupted. For this paper, circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna (CPMSA) is designs and being reviewed. The patch antenna is based on low-cost, but lossy, and the substrate is made of Rogers RT 5880 (lossy). It consists of a rectangular radiator patch, which is fed by microstrip transmission line. In order to realized circularly polarized antenna, the patch has undergone some design modification to achieve circular rotation. Some technique is proposed to achieve CP antenna. The results indicate that the antenna that uses micro strip feed line technique yields 8.55 dB directive gain, return loss and axial ratio at -24.4 dB and 2.05 dB respectivel. The resonance frequency of 5.8 GHz is being selected since it is suitable used for point to point communication among distributed solar farms that located far from each others.
Wind Characterization By Three Blade Savonius Wind Turbine Using IoT
Authors: Liew H F , Rosemizi Abd R , Aihsan M. Z. , Muzamir I , Baharuddin I
Published: December 2020

Fuel has become one of the vital energy in our life and reserves on the earth is lessened years by years. However, still wind that is renewable resource which is clean energy that can replaced a fuel. In this paper, novel idea to monitor the environmental condition and working conditions are characterized by using the small three blade Savonius wind turbines with Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed. Therefore, in terms of characterization, controlling and monitoring the status of wind turbine systems are recommended from anywhere in the world using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. In all repair work, this system is declared with IoT application and ESP 8266 to monitor, capture and diagnose problems in wind turbine. This allows the user to have a remote control mechanism remotely via secure internet web connection. This system helps users control energy sources, manually and remotely using smartphones or personal computers. This work is related to the transmission of data between two units in a timely and fast time without any disturbance. Wind turbine performance has a number of factors which determine its reliability. Next, a system for analyzing the data resulting from the rotation of the wind turbine from a distance is needed so that the study can take place at any time. The parameters that been measured using ESP8266 is voltage, current, power and wind speed. When turbine generate electric, it will display the output by thinkspeak. Various challenges, material of wind turbine and methods for condition monitoring were discussed and the results were analyzed with statistical measures and compared with its standard values.
Acoustic isolation of Jute and Kapok fiber reinforced Polypropylene composites
Authors: Azieyanti N A , Faris R
Published: December 2020

For the requirements of human health initiative especially when emerging of advanced composite material technology, manufactures of high efficient acoustical materials are necessary to regulate the noise pollution. The objective of this study is to fabricate the jute and kapok fiber reinforced polypropylene composites and to analyze the comparison of acoustic isolation effect of jute and kapok fiber reinforced polypropylene composites. To produce these two types of composites material, the raw materials went through a different stage of procedure such as, blending, mixing and heat compression molding process. Polypropylene was filled with jute and kapok fiber at various loading at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% each. The composites were prepared by using Brabender Torque Rheometer Plastograph machine and the hot press at temperature 180°C with 50 rpm. The acoustic test was conducted by using insertion loss method in sine wave tube device to measure the different sound level, loss in these two composites material. Based on the result observed, the higher of weight percentage of jute and kapok fiber in each composition, the better of the performance for each material and the optimum result for each composite are determined to be 30% filler loading. It also can be conclude that the used of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composites give an outstanding result in term of sound absorption and transmission loss compared to kapok reinforced polypropylene composites.
Business model transformation in the manufacturing company – how custom project governance framework enhances the chances of success
Authors: Teoh Chin Hoong , Zain Zuraidah Mohd , Lee Chang Chuan
Published: December 2020

The demand for complete solution providers is trending, and as a result, manufacturing companies, more than ever, are being challenged to transform their approach from hardware-centric to solutions-centric. Failure to do so could be catastrophic. Many companies have started the transformation in order to stay in business and also for enhancement of growth prospects. They work on increasing their chances of success through project governance that applies across a range of solutions. This paper shows that transformation success is enhanced through the use of a custom project governance framework that allows for the selection of the appropriate custom project governance for any solution category. The nature and relationship between the development work and customization of personalization has led the authors to opt for personalization theory as the theoretical lens. This study started with the formulation of the research process, followed by literature review, development work, and finally a qualitative longitudinal study in an advanced analytical equipment company. The positive outcomes from the development work that has been customized for custom solution businesses will allow researchers and practitioners to develop intangible customization of personalization for a project governance framework of their own to aid business model transformation in the manufacturing company.
Biomechanical assessment of different surgical approaches of zygomatic implant placement on prosthesis stress
Authors: Ishak Muhammad Ikman , Rosli M U , Jamalludin Mohd Riduan , Ahmad Termizi S N A , Khor C Y , Nawi M A M
Published: December 2020

The treatment of severely atrophic posterior maxillae without bone augmentation by using zygomatic implants has received a major attention in prosthodontics due to great implant survival rates. However, mechanical implant system failures were still reported irrespective of surgical techniques used for zygomatic implant placement. Two main prominent approaches, the intrasinus and extramaxillary possess their own advantages and drawbacks with no particular indication found, to date, to highlight the best technique in relation to prosthesis stress. Thus, this study emphasised on the computational evaluation of both approaches with regards to the prosthesis responses. Two sets of finite element models comprising bones, soft tissue, implants, abutments, and prosthesis were prepared accordingly. The models were then assigned with the material properties, contact modelling, and loadings as closely as possible with the real conditions. The results showed that the extramaxillary technique reported a more promising maximum stress value and distribution within the prosthesis than the intrasinus. Moreover, the prostheses in both approaches seemed to have a low tendency to failure as the stress levels were significantly less than the stress limit of the material.
Simulation-based optimization of plastic injection molding parameters for mini centrifugal pump body using response surface methodology
Authors: Rosli M U , Jamalludin Mohd Riduan , Ahmad Termizi S N A , Fahim F , Khor C Y , Nawi M A M , Ishak Muhammad Ikman
Published: December 2020

Control parameters of the injection molding and fabrication process are essential to the success of any micro-molding product fabrication. The goal of the study is to simulate and optimise the parameter for the plastic mini micro centrifugal pump body by using Response Surface Methodology. The material for this micro part is Polyphenylene Sulphide (PPS). This study is also investigating the impact of design parameters and processing parameters on the quality of a plastic moulded part to obtain optimal response and meets the requirement specification. The control factors chosen for this study are melting temperature, cooling time and injection pressure. Based on the complex shape of the body part of mini micro pump, volumetric shrinkage and warpage are selected as the essential quality that needs to be controlled. The selected processing parameter are melting temperature, cooling time and injection pressure. As a result, the optimum values suggested by the software are melt temperature of 315.98°C, cooling time of 362s and injection pressure of 62MPa. With small differences error value between solution and simulation, 0.27% for volumetric shrinkage and 0.19% for warpage, the result was acceptable.
Effect of twist blade distributor on velocity distribution in a swirling fluidized bed
Authors: Nawi M A M , Ishak Muhammad Ikman , Rosli M U , Suhaida Rasman Siti Nor , Jamalludin Mohd Riduan , Ahmad Termizi Siti Nor Azreen , Khor C Y
Published: December 2020

Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB) is one of the liquid-solid interaction in fluidization improved from conventional systems. This system is usually viewable in the power generation, chemical industry, material production and drying processes. Inside the SFB, there is annular blade distributor which will cause the air to pass through and create a swirl motion on the bed. The energy consumption of a fluidized bed system depends on the distributor’s design. The current study has purpose a new design that applies to existing designs of blade inclination angle. The simulation study was conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to obtain the result of velocity distribution and pressure drops on various blade distributor designs. This study uses two (2) twist angle (80° and 100°) via number of blade distributor (40, 50 and 60). In this study, tangential velocity is the main velocity component by reason of the velocity represents the rotating air velocity in fluidization system. Overall, the design of the 100° twist angle and 40 blades distributor are the best distributors of blades compared to others.
The effect of torrefaction reaction temperature on the Elaeis Guineensis Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) pellet durability and calorific value
Authors: Ismail R I , Leng L Y , Makhtar N L , Rahman A A A , Dali J A A , Shaari A R , Yee K C , Mohamed A R , Jamalludin M R , Razak N A , Draman W N A W
Published: December 2020

Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) are not being fully utilized for energy production due to its high moisture content, low density, having bulky characteristics and low calorific value. In order to improve characteristic of Elaeis Guineensis empty fruit bunch as fuel, pre-treatment process is necessary to overcome these shortcomings. Therefore, the aim of this research is to examine the effect of torrefaction reaction temperature on the Elaeis Guineensis pellet energy characteristics. The observed pellet qualities include the pellet durability and calorific value of the pellet. The torrefaction of empty fruit bunch was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor at 200°C, 220°C, 240°C and 260°C. The torrefied sample was pelletized, analysed and tested to examine the characteristics of empty fruit bunch biomass as fuel. The pelletization process was carried out by using the cold single press pelletizer and using cassava starch as binder. At higher torrefaction temperature, the decomposition of cellulose and lignin become more prominent. At the torrefaction temperature 260°C, the gross calorific value is the highest due to the removal of moisture, release of volatile matter and the decomposition of biomass components such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin which resulted in energy densification. By comparing the torrefied empty fruit bunch at 260°C with the untorrefied empty fruit bunch, it was found that the torrefaction increased the energy densification and pellet qualities of empty fruit bunch that can be utilized as biomass energy sources in renewable energy.
Surface roughness analysis of NiTi alloy in electrical discharge coating process
Authors: Jamaluddin Roshalliza , Lih Tan Chye , Mansor Ahmad Fairuz , Azmi Azwan Iskandar , Hamidon Roshaliza
Published: December 2020

Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) alloys, most widely known as nitinol, are presently employed in many micro-engineering applications such as coronary stents of medical implants due to their unique properties (shape memory effect and superelasticity). However, non-optimized surface finishing attributed a significantly high potential of nickel exposure after a long time of application. Releasing of nickel ion to the body environment can be harmful and toxicity resulting in adverse health as well as degrading the material biocompatibility. It is widely known that controlled surface roughness play a vital role in the formation of new bone ingrowths around implant. In this study, surface modification of NiTi alloy was used through electrical discharge coating (EDC); an adaptation of electrical discharge machining. The potential of EDC in which can facilitates the production of hard coatings may exploit the phenomena for the attachment of desirable materials onto the surface of materials. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present a robust method (two levels of full factorial design and ANOVA) to determine the desired parameters and significant factors based on the surface roughness of the machined surface. Manipulation of parameters set up such as gap voltage, discharge duration and pulse interval and the current were employed and a reverse polarity was selected for this experiment. The results demonstrated that the most significant factors influence the surface coating performances are the discharge duration, current, gap voltage as well as the interaction between gap voltage and discharge duration.
Effects of aging to the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete with addition of hooked steel fibers cured at ambient temperature
Authors: Faris M A , Abdullah M M A , Samad A A , Ramasamy S , Nawi M A M
Published: December 2020

The development of compressive and flexural strength versus aging time for steel fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete (SFRGC) cured at ambient temperature was studied. SFRGC is produced by mixing of Malaysian fly ash, alkali activator, aggragates, and hooked steel fibers. At the first stage, the addition of steel fibers in geopolymer concrete are by volume fraction which are 0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, and 2.0 % and cured at room temperature for 28 days. The optimum addition of steel fibers will be selected for further investigation related to the mechanical properties versus aging days. Chemical composition of Malaysia fly ash shows this fly ash is classified as class F. Result indicates 1.0 % of steel fibers addition exhibit the best performance for both compressive and flexural strength. Aging days show an improvement to mechanical properties where the compressive and flexural strength increases as the aging day increased. These mechanical properties improvement is almost similar to the mechanical growth exhibited by OPC concrete.
Unsteady Hydromagnetic Flow and Radiation Heat Transfer Past a Stretching Surface Embedded in a Porous Medium with Dissipation Effects
Authors: Anne Susan S. , Anjali Devi S.P. , Nagarani S.
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a mathematical analysis on the effects of viscous dissipation over unsteady MHD flow and radiation heat transfer past a stretching surface subjected to suction embedded in a porous medium. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations of the problem are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations adopting suitable similarity transformations. The numerical solution is obtained by employing Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration method together with Fourth order Runge-kutta integration method. Numerical results for the dimensionless velocity and temperature distribution as well as for the local skin friction coefficient and nondimensional rate of heat transfer are obtained and displayed graphically for pertinent physical parameters.
Assessing the safety of express bus from passengers’ perspective
Authors: Azman A H , Abdullah S , Singh S S K , Yazid M R M , Ghopa W A W , Hisamuddin H , Shahrir A H , Ariffin A K , Wahab D A , Azhar A , Solah M S
Published: December 2020

This paper presents an analysis of express bus passengers’ perspective towards the safety and causes of express bus accidents. Express bus is an important mode of transport as it is cheap and has high connectivity between cities. However, the safety of express bus is a major concern in Malaysia. There have been many high-profile express bus accidents that have caused deaths to innocent victims. Therefore, it is important to study the safety of express bus and increase its safety. A survey with 880 respondents was conducted in Malaysia to study passengers’ perspective on the safety of express buses. The questionnaire is divided into seven sections: respondent background and demography, service, comfort, safety, information technology and safety education. The results are presented in a spider web diagram and shows the 12 most important factors that relate to express bus safety. In conclusion, this study helps to understand the perspective of express bus passengers on the safety of express bus and determine the important factors related to express bus safety and reduce the number of express bus accidents in Malaysia.
Microstructure and wear behaviour of aluminium surface composites fabricated using friction stir processing
Authors: Thangarasu A. , Boovendra Varma S. , Sudharsan S.
Published: December 2020

In this study, wear behavior of AA6082 matrix composite reinforced with titanium carbide particles (TiC) produced by friction stir processing was investigated. The main objective of this study is to compare the microstructure and wear behavior of Aluminium alloy 6082 with AA6082-TiC surface composites. FSP was carried out using a threaded pin tool with 1200 rpm tool rotational speed, whose processing speed of 60 mm/min and an axial load of 10 kN. The microstructure analysis exhibited that the fine grains and uniform distribution of TiC particles in friction stir processed AA6082 matrix with and without TiC particles, respectively. A pin on disc equipment was used to study the wear properties. It was observed that the wear resistance of the FSPed aluminium composites samples improved significantly as compared to that of the AA6082 matrix alloy. With this the effect of TiC particles on worn surface and wear debris is also reported in this study.
Vehicle’s energy efficiency via pilot work’s efficiency in Shell Eco-marathon competition
Authors: Gunev D , Iliev S , Mitev E
Published: December 2020

Shell Eco-marathon is a competition about energy efficiency and the first thing one have to do, is to design and build lightweight, aerodynamic vehicle with fine mechanical transmission and tires with low rolling resistance. Depending on power unit type, there is a need of perfect way of transforming chemical or electrical energy to mechanical one. In addition, almost every team develops their own driving strategy, applied by the pilot in the competition. Doing this, in the best way they can do, most competitors decide before-mentioned is the maximum, but if one can look to the vehicle plus the pilot like a system, there is more possibilities for improving the efficiency of that system. This paper includes analysis of vehicle control functions and specific organizational distribution and design of vehicle’s controls, in accordance with the capabilities of the pilot.
Study the impact of fuel and exhaust gas recirculation on HCCI combustion
Authors: Mihalkov Svetoslav , Punov Plamen
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a numerical study of fuel/fuel blends impact on rate of heat release at different exhaust gas recirculation rate in case of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion. A direct injection engine is used for simulation which also allows mixture preparation in intake manifold leading to premixed combustion. The numerical analysis was conducted by means of an engine model developed in advanced simulation software AVL Boost. The combustion model is based on skeletal reaction mechanism of C7H16(n-heptane) that uses 26 species and 66 reactions. Additionally, to the main fuel, methane and hydrogen was added. Thus, the influence of fuel blends was evaluated at EGR rate within the range of 0% to 40%.
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Automatic Skin Cancer Classification System
Authors: Fu’adah Yunendah Nur , Pratiwi NK Caecar , Pramudito Muhammad Adnan , Ibrahim Nur
Published: December 2020

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that grows in the skin tissue, which can cause damage to the surrounding tissue, disability, and even death. In Indonesia, skin cancer is the third leading for most cancer cases after cervical and breast cancer. The accuracy of diagnosis and the early proper treatment can minimize and control the harmful effects of skin cancer. Due to the similar shape of the lesion between skin cancer and benign tumor lesions, physicians consuming much more time in diagnosing these lesions. The system was developed in this study could identify skin cancer and benign tumor lesions automatically using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The proposed model consists of three hidden layers with an output channel of 16,32, and 64 for each layer respectively. The proposed model uses several optimizers such as SGD, RMSprop, Adam, and Nadam with a learning rate of 0.001. Adam optimizer provides the best performance with an accuracy value of 99% in identifying the skin lesions from the ISIC dataset into 4 classes, namely dermatofibroma, nevus pigmentosus, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. The results obtained outperform the performance of the existing skin cancer classification system.
Electricity Power Needs Evaluation in Kulonprogo Post Developing the Yogyakarta International Airport
Authors: Rusmana Iyus , Dulhadi
Published: December 2020

The planned construction of the Kulonprogo district’s strategic zone, which began in 2013, this Regency will certainly experience a large development, so for that, it needs to be accompanied by adequate electricity preparation. Based on the real conditions, the speed of construction is experiencing some obstacles, so there is only phase 1 of NYIA airport has been completed by 2020, while for the Steel Industry Center construction, Iron Sand Processing, Adikarto Port, there are also have many obstacles. This also affected the domestic and non-domestic residents’ activities, especially in terms of economic progress in the district. This study intended to evaluate the preparation of electricity power so its preparation is expected to be more efficient. From the results of this study at the end of 2032, at least 626 MVA of electricity power needs to be prepared to support an estimated peak load of 438 MVA. This research was conducted quantitatively and aimed for giving some references to be used by PT PLN (Persero) in reviewing Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL).
Hotspot Detection Method in Large Capacity Photovoltaic (PV) Farm
Authors: Pramana P A A , Dalimi R
Published: December 2020

The obligation to use low carbon emissions power plants encourages the increased utilization of renewable energy generation. Among the whole renewable energy plants, photovoltaic (PV) is a modular plant that is easy to implement, which the utilization reaches 100GW in the year 2017. By the increasing use of PV globally, the health of PV modules needs to be a concern because, during the operation, PV modules can experience various faults. Almost 50% of the overall fault is the hotspot which is very hard to detect on a wide area PV farm. For example, a 30 MW PV generation with an area of 60 hectares and composed of 126000 modules (consists of millions of cell), the existing hotspot detection methods takes up to 210 days. The long time and not continuous detection lets the hotspot to degrade and burn the modules. To prevent catastrophic failure due to hotspot, a detection method that can detect the fault quickly is needed. The proposed method, thermal imaging using a fish-eye lens could be used in this case as it has a very wide angle of view, which allows monitoring all of the PV modules in one detection period.
Load-carrying capacity and failure mode of composite steel-concrete truss element under monotonic loading
Authors: Wariyatno Nanang Gunawan , Haryanto Yanuar , Han Ay Lie , Gan Buntara Sthenly , Sudibyo Gathot Heri
Published: December 2020

Composite steel-concrete trusses are among the most economical systems for building, particularly for greater spans, allowing proper internal space utilization without limiting columns. This paper examines 12 lab tests on two types of composite steel-concrete truss elements compared with the conventional steel truss element as a control specimen. The experiments investigate the load-carrying capacity of the truss element with different configurations under monotonic loading. The study on the specimen’s failure modes was based on the welded joints. The obtained results were compared with analytical evaluations of typical resisting mechanisms of steel-concrete composite, reinforced concrete, and steel structures with updated Indonesian design codes. The basic features of the steel-concrete truss elements discussed quantitatively and qualitatively.
Potential tsunami hazard in Ujung Kulon National Park
Authors: Widiyanto Wahyu , Hsiao Shih-Chun
Published: December 2020

Ujung Kulon National Park (UKNP) is a natural world heritage site located at the western tip of Java Island and on the edge of the Indian Ocean. This area of 122,956 ha has the potential for tsunami hazard originating from Mount Anak Krakatau and the Sunda Arc subduction zone. Almost no residents live in the UKNP region, however, it is the only place on earth that remains a habitat for the Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sundaicus) whose population is less than 100. This study aims to discuss the potential for tsunami hazards in UKNP originating from the earthquakes in Indian Ocean. The shallow water equation model was used to simulate the generation and propagation of tsunami waves. A total of 50 numerical gauges with intervals of 4 km were used as assessment points placed along the 190 km coastline of UKNP. From the simulation it can be seen that the height of the tsunami reaches 12.9 m around the coast of UKNP causes this area is vulnerable to tsunami hazards. This information can be used as consideration for the management of the UKNP area so that it can continue to preserve flora and fauna, especially to avoid the extinction of the Javan rhino.
The Control Of Geological Structure At Songgo River Dyke Intrusion In Nanggulan Formation, Western Part Of Yogyakarta-Central Java
Authors: Widagdo Asmoro , Setijadi Rachmad , Purwasatriya Eko Bayu
Published: December 2020

This study to explain the presence of intrusive rocks in Naggulan Formation was carried out with a series of geological research methods. The method used in this research is through reference studies from previous research, observing the image of the study area and its surroundings, direct observation of Paleogenic rock bodies, and measurement of fault structures, joints, and folds in the field. Measurement of the elements of geological structure is used to determine the main structure and stress forming structure in Nanggulan Formation rock which is of Paleogene age and surrounding rocks which are Neogene age. The igneous rocks found in the study area is a dyke that cut the sedimentary rock layers of Nanggulan Formation. Dyke igneous rock distribution in the study area forms a northwest-southeast (NW-SE) direction. The distribution of igneous rocks is controlled by geological structures with the main stress direction of northwest-southeast which creates extensional vertical fractures in the direction of the main compressional stress source.
Gravity Modelling And Second Vertical Derivative Calculation To Analysis Subsurface Structure At Wayratai Geothermal Prospect Area, Lampung
Authors: Taufiq
Published: December 2020

Wayratai Geothermal Prospect Area, Lampung is near a cluster of Mount Ratai with geological condition in the form of young volcanic sediment such as lava, breccias, and tuff obtained from the eruption of Mount Ratai. To determine geothermal potential in Wayratai area, we needed some preliminary surveys such as geological, geochemistry, and geophysical survey. Based on geological mapping, we obtained several point of manifestations such as 5 hotspring points (with a temperature 86-90°C), mudpool, steaming ground, and alterated rock. Afterthat, performed with a geophysical survey using the gravity method to determine subsurface structure and describe the initial conditions of the geothermal system. Gravity method is used because this method is sensitive to analyze the vertical changes, and can describe the subsurface conditions based on density variation of rock. Based on data acquisition and literature studies performed on Wayratai geothermal prospects area, obtained 2D and 3D subsurface model based on density variations. From the model, obtained area with a density value 2.3-2.6 gr/cm3 and depth from 400 to 2000 m were assumed to be a reservoir zone. Then, the area with a density value 2.8-3.2 gr/cm3 and depth from 2000-2500 m assumed to be a heat source. With these density, we can assume that the rock in reservoir area is calcareous-breccia and in the heat source is an andesitic-basaltic rocks. Based on the analysis of second vertical derivative calculation, obtained value of SVD maximum is greater than SVD minimum which indicated that the area is a basin structure or normal fault, and its strenghtening of the assumption that the modelling of the geothermal reservoir is graben form.
Feasibility Study of Determination a New Distribution Warehouse Location Using P-Median and Analytical Network Process Methods in One of the Cement Industries
Authors: Ramadhanti Nadya Saniyya , Ridwan Ari Yanuar , Pambudi Hardian Kokoh
Published: December 2020

This research was carried out at one of the companies engaged in the cement industry, which distributed its products throughout Indonesia. However, based on audit results for the Central Java region, there are still a number of minor and major statuses in warehouse management perspectives and the percentage of warehousing cost components to the total distribution costs that exceed the maximum limit set at the warehouses rented from the distributor. Therefore, it’s necessary to determine a new distribution warehouse location owned by the company by considering qualitative and quantitative aspects, then stop the operation of a rented warehouse from a distributor because of the high subsidy costs. The method used in this research is investment feasibility analysis using Net Present Value and Benefit Cost Ratio calculations, determining optimal locations using the P-Median method, and determining location based on multi-criteria using the Analytical Network Process method. The results showed that the location with the highest weight based on multi-criteria decision making and declared feasible based on investment feasibility analysis was located in Cilacap Regency with the optimal location in North Cilacap District. If this decision is carried out, the company can reduce the total distribution costs that must be incurred by the company.
The Contributions of Artificial Intelligence in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: Indonesia Case
Authors: Wahyudi Sumari Arwin Datumaya
Published: December 2020

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) have been adopted by all United Nations Member states in 2015. There are 17 Global Goals where one goal to another is interrelated and they have to go hand-in-hand. The essential of the goals is to increase the people’s quality of life all over the world. Every country has been pacing to achieve all goals by conscripting all national resources as well as all capabilities and masteries of the technology such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). To achieve SDG’s goals, there has to be a guidance that guide all resources to have the same perspective and mind-set to what should have to be carried out not only in the short time but also in the medium and the long one. AI is believed can deliver solutions to most of Global Goals such as food security including life below water, water security, and energy security, increase the quality of health service, support the establishment of smart nation, and the most of them is AI has become a leveraging factor of a country’s economy. Therefore, many countries have determined the action in utilizing AI for the good to their country and people by developing AI national strategy. In this paper, Indonesian initiative in form of a National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence will be delivered in a concise manner. The deliverables include four focus areas as the basis for AI ecosystem as well as the priorities of the AI usage for supporting Indonesia to achieve its national interests as well as the world goals through SDGs. We also deliver Indonesia’s innovation in utilizing AI technology to cope with global pandemic which one of the technologies used is an Indonesian-original AI technology called Knowledge Growing System (KGS).
Overview of Polylactic acid and its derivatives in medicinal applications
Authors: Senthamaraikannan C , Akash K , Amanullah S , Barath M , Manojkumar R , Jagadeeshwaran J
Published: December 2020

Biopolymers are most commonly used in many medical applications nowadays. Polylactic acid is widely used for many biological applications due to its biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties. In this review, Polylactic acid usage in medical applications like tissue engineering, fracture repairs, orthopedic, drug delivery carriers, antimicrobial agents, stents is considered. The current medical field scenario briefly reviewed to assess Polylactic acid’s potential usage and its derivatives in biomedical applications.
Design & Validation of Feeding Mechanism for Porous Raw Material: A Case Study in Chemical Processing Company
Authors: Gurway S P , Jain A
Published: December 2020

With the growing revolution in technology, quality is always being considered a major point of concern and developing countries like India where number of small and medium enterprises are working contributing for major part of employment, these quality concern need to be focussed. The present work involves the case study which has been conducted in one of small scale industry dealing with chemical processing, in Nagpur. The objective is to find out the solution for one of the problem discussed by production manager of the company. The problem is related to feeding of raw material into the processing plant which have been done manually and cause of quality issue and serious work hazard. So we have suggested a design of setup of feeding mechanism for pouring the raw material. While designing, first the survey has been conducted where it was found that different types of hoppers are available in market based in different size and shape. The hopper which we supposed to design should fulfil the requirement of the manager and all the technicalities. In order to do so we have studies number of design parameter and formulate the design procedure for each and every aspect right from calculation of mass flow rate, hopper angle, exit rate, wall friction angle, design of bevel gear, different force acting on hopper surface. The design of the hopper and the complete setup for the pouring resin is carried out by considering only porous raw material. So, comprehensive approach for designing the hopper as a solution have been done and proposed to company. Similarly the design is being validated using ANSYS software package.
Effect of Adding Chopped Carbon Fiber (CCF) on the Improvement of Gypsum Plaster Characteristicssss
Authors: AL-Ridha Ahmed S D , Abbood Ali A , Al-Asadi Laith S M , Hussein Hussein H , Dheyab Layth Sahib
Published: December 2020

The current work studies the effect of adding chopped carbon fiber (CCF) on gypsum plaster properties (precisely the compressive strength and the modulus of rupture). The research plan consists of using six mixes of gypsum plaster; these mixes are divided into two groups according to the (Water/Gypsum) ratios (0.5 & 0.6). Each group was divided into three subgroups according to CCF volume fraction (Vf): 0.0%, 0.2% and 0.4%. Three cubic (50×50×50) mm and three prismatic (40×40×160) mm samples were performed for each mix. It was found that, the addition of CCF to the gypsum plaster mixes increases both the compressive strength and the modulus of rupture for both (W/G) ratios, and the percentage of this increase is enlarged with increasing (W/G) ratio. On the other hand, when (W/G) ratio is enlarged, the compressive strength and the modulus of rupture is deteriorated for all (Vf) of CCF, and this percentage of deterioration is decreased in the presence of CCF.
Experimental analysis of compressive behavior of E-Glass fiber reinforced IPN (vinyl ester/polyurethane) composite pipes
Authors: Suresh G , Srinivasan T , Meganathan S , Ramu P , Ravi Rajesh , Sai Krishnan G , Vivek S
Published: December 2020

The manuscript discusses about the effect of compressive load on the E-Glass fiber reinforced interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). In this work, a series of combination of vinyl ester (VER) loaded polyurethane (PU) IPNs have been taken as the matrix material with the E-Glass reinforcement, with the loading of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% PU respectively. Besides hand-layup technique was used to fabricate the cylindrical shells in order to get the final shape of the IPN composite pipe. Simultaneously to validate the compressive strength behavior of the IPN composite pipe, experimental analysis was carried out as per the ASTM D695 standard at normal room temperature to extract compressive strength value of the PU loaded IPN composite pipes. During this test, it was observed that physical strength of the composite pipes reduces gradually as much as PU addition into the IPN composite pipe increases. Surprisingly, another important notification was that, the geometric structure of the composite pipes is not affected as like as the crushing observed on the pure VER pipe. As much as loading of the PU into the IPN, increases the structural integrity of the composite pipes in outstanding (retains structural ability) manner. Further the experimental analysis values are validated with numerical analysis software ANSYS, obtained values and numerical values are shown good agreement each other.
Laser based visualization of plumes evolving from circular orifice: Effect of orifice orientation
Authors: Thiruvateeswaran S , Lingeshwar R , Krishnanand S , Kannan B T
Published: December 2020

The present paper is about Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and its visualization using laser-based techniques. The smoke is produced by burning an incense material which acts as a tracer. The flow field is illuminated by a pointer laser by making a laser sheet for recording the image. The images were recorded using a digital mobile camera and were used for further assessment. The flow field shows the evolution of plume from the paper cup, the formation of Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices, and its transition to turbulent flows.
Effects of Fused Deposition Model parameters on PLA-Bz composite filament
Authors: Sneha P , Balamurugan K , Kalusuraman G
Published: December 2020

Complicated and in strict shapes can be easily mold through 3D printing technology. To take the advantage of 3D printing Technology, a new PLA filament reinforced with 14% Bronze is used to build basic shapes for mechanical testing. The composite is cut to the ASTM standard for the flexural and compression properties. The influence of bed temperature, layer thickness and nozzle temperature over the mechanical properties of samples is investigated. The samples are tested to find the flexural, compression properties with varied operating conditions. From the observation it is found noted that the nozzle temperature has significant effect on the considered mechanical properties.
An experimental investigation on wear characteristics of C-45 grade steel overlay with stellite
Authors: Ravi Kumar L , Melvin Antony J , Kumaran D , Lokeshwaran G , Santhana Srinivasan P
Published: December 2020

Abrasive wear is of particular importance in various ground-engaging applications and the necessity of tools with high wear resistant materials has increased exponentially to extend the life span as well as to reduce the cost involved in manufacturing. This work is mainly focusing on the development of wear resistance for the aforementioned ground-engaging applications. An overlaying alloy (stellite 6) in the form of electrode form was used to coat the mild steel of grade C-45, which was used as the substrate material. The wear behaviour was characterized using a Pin-on-Disk test setup in a dry condition. A correlation between the size of overlaid material and the size of the C-45 material was observed by an optical microscope and observed that the presence of the CoCr alloy matrix significantly improves the wear resistance. The presence of the CoCr alloy matrix is found to enhance the wear resistance by reducing the rate of wear of the material. The results show that the increasing coating thickness increases the hardness of the material and the significant improvement in the wear resistance with coating.
Effect of CaCo3 Particulate Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Surface Modified Coir Fibre/Epoxy Composite
Authors: Vijaya Rajan V , Shanmugam M , Santhanam V , Ramkumar S
Published: December 2020

In this work, the effect of Calcium Carbonate (CaCo3) particulate filler on the mechanical properties of the coir fibre/Epoxy composites was studied. Calcium Carbonate was incorporated with Coir/Epoxy at different weight percentages such as 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and 20%. Composite specimens were fabricated by incorporating surface-treated coir fibre at 15% fibre loading and powdered Calcium carbonate. Coir fibres were treated by 2% NaOH solution to improve the surface adhesion. Hand layup method was employed to fabricate the composite samples. As per ASTM standards mechanical properties were evaluated on specimens. The results indicated that the addition of CaCo3 on coir fibre/epoxy resin up to 16% filler loading could improve the tensile, flexural and impact strength. The mechanical properties were reduced by adding more than 16% of CaCo3 filler to the composites. The test results indicated a marginal increase in mechanical strengths and a relatively significant improvement in the mechanical moduli. SEM images of the tensile test samples were taken to study the surface morphology.
Comparative study on flexural behavior of corroded RC beams strengthening using near surface mounted GFRP elements
Authors: Albadri Saad , Muttashar Majid , Kazemi Hamid , Sadeghi Ali , Oleiwi Hayder
Published: December 2020

In this study, corroded reinforced beam specimens failing in bending were strengthened using near surface mounted (NSM) technique and evaluated. Two types of glass fiber reinforced polymer (bar, mat) were investigated for the strengthening materials. A simulated corrosion rate of 25% was considered in the study. The maximum recorded load of the strengthened beams with GFRP bars showed enhancement in the ultimate strength which reached 89% of the undamaged control beam strength. While using of GFRP mat for strengthening the corroded beams increased only the ductility but had negligible effect on the improvement of ultimate strength. The results indicated that using near surface mounted technique prevents the occurrence of de-bonding failure which results in an enhancement in the crack load and failure load of the tested beams.
Study on Fly Ash Based Interlocking Concrete Paver Block Using Chopped Fibers
Authors: Cong Bang Truong
Published: December 2020

In modern days concrete paver block turned in to a component of towns and urban areas. It is to be locating in residential, commercial and industrial areas like as shopping malls, parking areas, footpaths, transport stops etc. The aim of this paper is to construct paver block by using cement is replaced by different percentages of fly ash and various types of fibers. There are the motive behind using of fly ash in concrete to improve the durability and strength of harden concrete and fly ash also cost effective. In this paper also discussed about the various types of chopped fibers which used in paver blocks like nylon fiber, steel fiber, coconuts fibers, glass fibers, polypropylene fibers etc for improving strength of paver blocks. The other materials have composed to design paver blocks, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate for concrete mixture. The curing process of paver block has done for 7days, 14 days and 28days. After curing days it is tested for compressive strength.
Influence of stirrer blade design on stir casting of Al Mg Cu/12% SiC composite
Authors: Tamilanban T , Ravikumar T S , Kanthasamy S
Published: December 2020

Aluminium metal matrix composites are generally produced employing stir casting technique. The effect of stirrer blade on stir casting of aluminium composite with 12 wt% SiC, 4 wt% magnesium and 2 wt% copper was observed. The composites were prepared with 6061 base metal using three different design of stirrer blade which created different vortex fluid flow while stirring. Due to high density of SiC particles, it tries to settle in lower part of the molten metal matrix. Hence change in vortex technique by stirrer design modification can have influence on the mechanical and microstructure behaviour of the composites. The aluminium SiC composite are evaluated by mechanical properties and microstructure analysis based on stirrer blade design used while stir casting. The change in blade stirrer shows variation in testing tensile strength and hardness. The optical microstructure and SEM images were observed to analyze the cast structure and reinforcement distribution in the composites. The SiC particles were appeared to distribute along the grain boundaries of the composite and also cast defects were observed. Composite prepared with alternate peddle blade produced best mechanical properties.