bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research advances and future perspectives of genomics and genetic improvement in allotetraploid common carp
Authors: Chen Lin , Xu Jian , Sun Xiaowen , Xu Peng
Published: November 2021

Aquatic species have become an integral part of human culture. As an internationally important food fish species, the common carp Cyprinus carpio accounted for over 7% of global aquaculture production in 2020. In addition to serving as a food source, common carp varieties are used as ornamental fish and valued in recreational fisheries. The continuously updated reference genome of common carp has recently served as a foundation for both basic genetic studies and evolutionary studies. With the recent emphasis on the allotetraploid signature of common carp, researchers have begun to focus on how hybridization and polyploidization affect the successful speciation and advantageous behaviour of common carp. In this review, we survey current and emerging research topics on common carp, including genomic and genetic tools, germplasm resources, genetic diversity, genetic mechanism and improvement of economic traits, as well as multiple breeding technologies employed in common carp. We also provide an overview of recent trends in genetic studies and improvements in common carp and encourage researchers to monitor the allotetraploid signature of common carp. Understanding the genetic basis of economically important traits and the mechanisms of allopolyploidization in common carp will be important for genetic improvement and germplasm innovation in agronomically important fish species, although the road ahead will be challenging for this widely domesticated allotetraploid species.
A Bayesian Spatio-Network Model for Multiple Adolescent Adverse Health Behaviours
Authors: Gerogiannis George , Tranmer Mark , Lee Duncan , Valente Thomas
Published: November 2021

The use of alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana among adolescents are major public health concerns, and a number of epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand the drivers of these individual health behaviours. However, there is no literature that jointly models these health behaviours with the aim of understanding the relative importance of individual factors, friendship effects and spatial effects in determining the prevalence of alcohol, cigarette and marijuana use among adolescents. To address this gap in the literature, we propose a novel multivariate spatio-network model for jointly modelling all three of these behaviours, with inference conducted in a Bayesian setting using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. The model is motivated by survey data from five schools in Los Angeles, California, and the results indicate the important roles that individual factors and friendship networks play in driving the uptake of these health behaviours.
Mediators between physical activity and academic achievement: A systematic review
Authors: Visier‐Alfonso María Eugenia , Sánchez‐López Mairena , Álvarez‐Bueno Celia , Ruiz‐Hermosa Abel , Nieto‐López Marta , Martínez‐Vizcaíno Vicente
Published: November 2021

Background

Research has suggested the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on academic achievement (AA). However, the mechanisms underlying this influence remain unclear. Some proposed mechanisms include physiological, cognitive, psychological, and behavioral paths. This study aimed to analyze mediators between PA and AA in children and adolescents.

Methods

Systematic search in Medline, SPORTDiscuss, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science for observational and experimental studies, published up to March 2021.

Results

Twenty‐eight studies (75237 participants, aged 4–16) were included. The designs of these studies were: 21 studies cross‐sectional, 5 longitudinal, and 2 experimental. Eight out of nine studies analyzing fitness as a mediator reported positive results, and one reported null finding. Adiposity was a significant mediator in one study, in two only in girls, and two reported null results. Cognition as a mediator was supported by four studies, whereas two reported null results. Regarding mental well‐being, 10 out of 14 studies reported positive effects, and one out of five behavioral studies found positive results. Although studies were too sparse to draw conclusions, overall, the results indicated that self‐esteem, self‐image, self‐efficacy, stress, and health behaviors might be potential mediators in the relationship between PA and AA. All studies were rated as medium‐high quality.

Conclusion

Overall, the available evidence seems to suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness, cognition, mental well‐being, and exercise‐related behaviors play some role as mediators of the relationship between PA and AA. However, the cross‐sectional nature of most of the reviewed studies prevents us from making any statement in terms of causal paths. Thus, well‐designed follow‐up and randomized controlled studies aimed not only to tests the effect of PA in AA, but also to examine the influence of mediators are required.
Molecular phylogeny and macroevolution of Chaitophorinae aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Liu Tong‐Yi , Chen Jing , Zhu Xi‐Chao , Li Cai‐Ling , Jiang Li‐Yun , Wieczorek Karina , Qiao Ge‐Xia
Published: November 2021

Chaitophorinae is a predominantly Northern Hemisphere aphid subfamily characterized by numerous setae on the body. Two constituent tribes are associated with different host plants, with Chaitophorini feeding on deciduous trees and shrubs and Siphini colonizing grasses. Based on data from multiple genes (COI, COII, Cytb and EF‐1α), geographical distribution and host association, this study investigated the phylogeny and macroevolution of Chaitophorinae using phylogenetic reconstruction, molecular dating, model‐based ancestral area and character estimations and diversification rate calculation. Our results support the monophyly of Chaitophorinae and two tribes, indicate that Sipha and the two largest genera Chaitophorus and Periphyllus are not monophyletic, and suggest a need for a change in the taxonomic status of Lambersaphis, which was nested within Chaitophorus in the phylogenetic tree. We recovered an origin of Chaitophorinae on Acer plants from eastern Asia during the Late Cretaceous to early Palaeocene, followed by multiple dispersals into other areas that were responsible for its contemporary distribution. The origins of Siphini and Chaitophorus + Lambersaphis coincided with colonizations of novel host plants. An increase in diversification rate occurred within Chaitophorus in the Miocene and was associated with range expansion and switching onto new host plants, highlighting the roles of dispersal and host shift in aphid diversification.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐B*57:146 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Guidicelli Gwendaline , Visentin Jonathan
Published: November 2021

HLA‐B*57:146 differs from HLA‐B*57:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 103 in exon 3.
Characterization of the novel HLA‐DQA1*05:49 allele by sequencing‐based typing
Authors: Cargou Marine , Andreani Marco , Galluccio Tiziana , Ralazamahaleo Mamy , Visentin Jonathan
Published: November 2021

HLA‐DQA1*05:49 differs from HLA‐DQA1*05:01:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 78 in exon 2.
A pooled testing system to rapidly identify cattle carrying the elite controller BoLA‐DRB3*009:02 haplotype against bovine leukemia virus infection
Authors: Notsu Kosuke , El Daous Hala , Mitoma Shuya , Norimine Junzo , Sekiguchi Satoshi
Published: November 2021

As genetically resistant individuals, the “elite controllers” (ECs) of human immunodeficiency virus infection have been focused on as the keys to developing further functional treatments in medicine. In the livestock production field, identifying the ECs of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in cattle is desired to stop BLV transmission chains on farms. Cattle carrying the bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)‐DRB3*009:02 allele (DRB3*009:02) have a strong possibility of being BLV ECs. Most of cattle carrying this allele maintain undetectable BLV proviral loads and do not shed virus even when infected. BLV ECs can act as transmission barriers when placed between uninfected and infected cattle in a barn. To identify cattle carrying DRB3*009:02 in large populations more easily, we developed a pooled testing system. It employs a highly sensitive, specific real‐time PCR assay and TaqMan MGB probes (DRB3*009:02‐TaqMan assay). Using this system, we determined the percentage of DRB3*009:02‐carrying cattle on Kyushu Island, Japan. Our pooled testing system detected cattle carrying the DRB3*009:02 allele from a DNA pool containing one DRB3*009:02‐positive animal and 29 cattle with other alleles. Its capacity is sufficient for herd‐level screening for DRB3*009:02‐carrying cattle. The DRB3*009:02‐TaqMan assay showed high‐discriminative sensitivity and specificity toward DRB3*009:02, making it suitable for identifying DRB3*009:02‐carrying cattle in post‐screening tests on individuals. We determined that the percentage of DRB3*009:02‐carrying cattle in Kyushu Island was 10.56%. With its ease of use and reliable detection, this new method strengthens the laboratory typing for DRB3*009:02‐carrying cattle. Thus, our findings support the use of BLV ECs in the field.
Experience‐based learning: how a crisis solution informed fundamental change in a clinical education curriculum
Authors: Costello Maria , Cantillon Peter , Geoghegan Rosemary , Byrne Dara , Lowery Aoife , Walsh Sinead M.
Published: November 2021

Background

Clinical education represents the most important formative period in undergraduate medical education. It is often criticised as haphazard and inefficient. Experience‐based learning (ExBL) is a novel clinical education design that utilises practices of support, learner participation and real patient learning to enhance students' development of vital professional capabilities. We introduced ExBL to address the challenges of a 50% reduction in clinical placement time that arose during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Approach

Final year medical students were assimilated into clinical teams as co‐workers to facilitate learning through participation rather than observation. Placement education was supported by an integrated case‐based learning and high‐fidelity simulation program. Real patient learning in workplace contexts was supported by a network of clinician mentors.

Evaluation

A qualitative evaluation revealed that granting students co‐worker status strongly supported participatory learning and professional identity formation. Furthermore, the triangulation of placements with cognitive coaching and high‐fidelity simulation greatly enhanced skills development and students' sense of readiness for practice.

Implications

Utilisation of ExBL significantly enhanced the quality of informal learning on clinical placements despite the reduced clinical placement time. In addition, the integration of cognitive coaching with simulation opportunities meant students were better prepared for meaningful participation as members of clinical teams. The introduction of ExBL increased the workload of clinical teachers. Moreover, favouring learning through participatory experience reduced exposure to more traditional formal bedside teaching encounters. Despite these challenges, we have adopted an ExBL model created in a crisis as our core educational design for our final year clinical programme.
Iron from continental weathering dictated soft‐part preservation during the Early Ordovician
Authors: Saleh Farid , Lucas Victoire , Pittet Bernard , Lefebvre Bertrand , Lalonde Stefan V. , Sansjofre Pierre
Published: November 2021

The Fezouata Shale in Morocco is the most diverse Lower Ordovician unit yielding soft‐tissue preservation. Iron played a crucial role in the preservation of soft parts in this formation through the damage of bacterial membranes under oxic conditions and the pyritization of soft parts under the activity of bacterial sulphate reduction. However, the origin of Fe in this formation remains largely speculative. Herein, trace and rare earth elements were investigated in drilled‐core sediments from the Fezouata Shale. It is shown that a correlation exists between Fe and Al suggesting that most Fe has a detrital source. Elemental concentrations in the Fezouata Shale are most comparable to rivers and are the least similar to loess and sediments deposited near active island arcs. In this sense, continental weathering and its related Fe in river fluxes dictated occurrences of exceptional fossil preservation in the Fezouata Shale.
A Culturally Relevant Approach to Food Customs in the German Curriculum
Authors: Brown Joshua R. , Devick Tristan , Zielinski Connor
Published: November 2021

To facilitate a more affirming classroom, this article highlights the implementation of culturally relevant and critical pedagogies of language learning to address issues related to social awareness in the language classroom. By appealing to cultural backgrounds of students and cultural backgrounds of diverse German‐speaking populations, students learn more about social and cultural realities in the diverse world around them. In a culturally relevant classroom, educators increase opportunities for social awareness and meaningful dialogue about social issues by making German classrooms sites of diversity learning and relevant places for critical exchange. This article shares one component of our ongoing efforts to make our entire degree program more diverse by using culturally relevant pedagogy.
Teaching Self‐Regulated Learning in Combination with Sustainability and Community Engagement
Authors: Fischer Nicole
Published: November 2021

This article introduces an intermediate‐high to advanced topic‐based German course that teaches sustainability and self‐regulated learning and includes a community engagement project. The theoretical introduction illustrates why combining the three topics of sustainability, self‐regulated learning, and community engagement is desirable for German programs. Additionally, the article shows how a course can be designed in two scaffolding cycles to teach students these three topics. The first scaffolding cycle, an in‐class unit framed around the filmWackersdorf(Fliess, 2018), starts a conversation about sustainability and introduces six steps that will help students plan and conduct their community engagement project. In a second scaffolding cycle, students prepare and implement a community engagement project as their primary task. The article also reflects how the instructor can prepare and evaluate a community engagement project and how a portfolio assignment can be a valuable tool to monitor students' progress. Additionally, the article introduces two examples of successful community projects.
Whipple's disease in renal transplant recipients: Management experience of seven cases from Pakistan
Authors: Nasim Asma , Dodani Sunil Kumar , Badlani Sanjay , Babar Zaheer Udin , Shakil Shaheera , Mubarak Mohammad , Luck Nasir , Aziz Tahir
Published: November 2021

Introduction

Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare multi‐systemic disorder caused by actinomycetes, Tropheryma whipplei. It presents with weight loss, arthralgia, and diarrhea and may involve the heart, lung, or central nervous system. The use of immunosuppressive medications or underlying immunodeficiency states are associated risk factors. Six cases in transplant recipients have so far been reported worldwide. We describe our experience of WD in renal transplant recipients.

Methods

All renal transplant recipients who presented with diarrhea and were diagnosed with WD on duodenal biopsy from 2016 till 2019 were included. Their data regarding duration since transplantation, immunosuppressive therapy, symptoms, treatment response, and outcome were analyzed.

Results

Seven cases were diagnosed as WD based on duodenal biopsy, with histological findings of periodic acid Schiff‐positive granules in macrophages. All were males. The most common symptoms were chronic diarrhea and weight loss. Average time since transplantation was 4.8 years. All patients were on azathioprine and everolimus. Clinical relapse or adverse effects was seen in five of seven patients treated with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine which was discontinued. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for 1 year, with initial intravenous ceftriaxone in two patients, resulted in complete remission in all patients at a follow‐up period averaging 1.5 years.

Conclusion

WDs in renal transplant recipients most commonly presents as an intestinal disorder. Treatment of 1 year with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has good response with complete remission at 1.5 years of follow up.
Knowledge Gaps: A Challenge for Agent‐Based Automatic Task Completion
Authors: Bajaj Goonmeet , Current Sean , Schmidt Daniel , Bandyopadhyay Bortik , Myers Christopher W. , Parthasarathy Srinivasan
Published: November 2021

The study of human cognition and the study of artificial intelligence (AI) have a symbiotic relationship, with advancements in one field often informing or creating new work in the other. Human cognition has many capabilities modern AI systems cannot compete with. One such capability is the detection, identification, and resolution of knowledge gaps (KGs). Using these capabilities as inspiration, we examine how to incorporate detection, identification, and resolution of KGs in artificial agents. We present a paradigm that enables research on the understanding of KGs for visual‐linguistic communication. We leverage and enhance and existing KG taxonomy to identify possible KGs that can occur for visual question answer (VQA) tasks and use these findings to develop a classifier to identify questions that could be engineered to contain specific KG types for other VQA datasets. Additionally, we examine the performance of different VQA models through the lens of KGs.
Modulation of JA signalling reveals the influence of StJAZ1‐like on tuber initiation and tuber bulking in potato
Authors: Begum Shahnewaz , Jing Shenglin , Yu Liu , Sun Xiaomeng , Wang Enshuang , Abu Kawochar Md , Qin Jun , Liu Jun , Song Botao
Published: November 2021

Phytohormones and their interactions play critical roles in Solanum tuberosum (potato) tuberization. The stimulatory role of jasmonic acid (JA) in tuber development is well established because of its significant promotion of tuber initiation and tuber bulking. However, the dynamics and potential function of JA signalling in potato tuberization remain largely unknown. The present study investigated the role of the JAZ1 subtype, a suppressor of JA signalling, in potato tuberization. Using 35S:StJAZ1‐like‐GUS as a reporter, we showed that JA signalling was attenuated from the bud end to the stem end shortly after tuber initiation. Overexpression of StJAZ1‐like suppressed tuber initiation by restricting the competence for tuber formation in stolon tips, as demonstrated by grafting an untransformed potato cultivar to the stock of StJAZ1‐like‐overexpressing transgenic potato plants (StJAZ1‐like ox). In addition, transcriptional profiling analysis revealed that StJAZ1‐like modulates the expression of genes associated with transcriptional regulators, cell cycle, cytoskeleton and phytohormones. Furthermore, we showed that StJAZ1‐like is destabilised upon treatment with abcisic acid (ABA), and the attenuated tuberization phenotype in StJAZ1‐like ox plants can be partially rescued by ABA treatment. Altogether, these results revealed that StJAZ1‐like‐mediated JA signalling plays an essential role in potato tuberization.
Monitoring calcium handling by the plant endoplasmic reticulum with a low‐Ca2+‐affinity targeted aequorin reporter
Authors: Cortese Enrico , Moscatiello Roberto , Pettiti Francesca , Carraretto Luca , Baldan Barbara , Frigerio Lorenzo , Vothknecht Ute C. , Szabo Ildiko , De Stefani Diego , Brini Marisa , Navazio Lorella
Published: November 2021

Precise measurements of dynamic changes in free Ca2+ concentration in the lumen of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have been lacking so far, despite increasing evidence for the contribution of this intracellular compartment to Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling in the plant cell. In the present study, we targeted an aequorin chimera with reduced Ca2+ affinity to the ER membrane and facing the ER lumen. To this aim, the cDNA for a low‐Ca2+‐affinity aequorin variant (AEQmut) was fused to the nucleotide sequence encoding a non‐cleavable N‐terminal ER signal peptide (fl2). The correct targeting of fl2‐AEQmut was confirmed by immunocytochemical analyses in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings. An experimental protocol well‐established in animal cells – consisting of ER Ca2+ depletion during photoprotein reconstitution followed by ER Ca2+ refilling – was applied to carry out ER Ca2+ measurements in planta. Rapid and transient increases of the ER luminal Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]ER) were recorded in response to different environmental stresses, displaying stimulus‐specific Ca2+ signatures. The comparative analysis of ER and chloroplast Ca2+ dynamics indicates a complex interplay of these organelles in shaping cytosolic Ca2+ signals during signal transduction events. Our data highlight significant differences in basal [Ca2+]ER and Ca2+ handling by plant ER compared to the animal counterpart. The set‐up of an ER‐targeted aequorin chimera extends and complements the currently available toolkit of organelle‐targeted Ca2+ indicators by adding a reporter that improves our quantitative understanding of Ca2+ homeostasis in the plant endomembrane system.
The disaster trap: Cyclones, tourism, colonial legacies, and the systemic feedbacks exacerbating disaster risk
Authors: Lazarus Eli D.
Published: November 2021

The long, open‐ended period of recovery from a disaster event is the phase of a disaster that the interdisciplinary field of disaster studies struggles to understand. In the process of rebuilding, places do not simply reset – they transform, often in ways that confound any reduction of disaster risk, instead making people and settings more vulnerable to future hazard events. Reducing disaster risk is regarded as a global priority, but policies intended to reduce disaster risk have been largely ineffective. This obduracy represents a grand challenge in disaster studies. Here, I propose that the correlated trends of runaway economic costs of disaster events, growing social inequity, environmental degradation, and resistance to policy intervention in disaster settings are hallmark indicators of a system trap – a dynamic in which self‐reinforcing feedbacks drive a system toward an undesirable and seemingly inescapable state, with negative consequences that tend to amplify each other over time. I offer that these trends in disaster settings are the collective expression of an especially powerful and distinct kind of system trap, which here I term the “disaster trap” – a new theoretical concept to help explain and address runaway disaster risk. I suggest that disaster traps are likely strongest in tourism‐dominated coastal settings with high exposure to tropical cyclones and colonial histories of racial capitalism, which I explore with an empirical illustration from Antigua & Barbuda. Formalising a linkage between gilded and safe‐development traps matters because their effects likely compound each other nonlinearly, such that disaster risk only increases and disaster risk reduction becomes increasingly difficult to achieve. Addressing traps requires understanding them as dynamic systems, described as fundamentally and completely as possible – their components, mechanisms, drivers, and structure – in order to reveal when and where interventions might be most effective at reducing disaster risk.
The lysosomal trafficking regulator is necessary for normal wound healing
Authors: Zbinden Jacob C. , Mirhaidari Gabriel J. M. , Blum Kevin M. , Musgrave Andrew J. , Reinhardt James W. , Breuer Christopher K. , Barker Jenny C.
Published: November 2021

Non‐healing wounds are a major threat to public health throughout the United States. Tissue healing is complex multifactorial process that requires synchronicity of several cell types. Endolysosomal trafficking, which contributes to various cell functions from protein degradation to plasma membrane repair, is an understudied process in the context of wound healing. The lysosomal trafficking regulator protein (LYST) is an essential protein of the endolysosomal system through an indeterminate mechanism. In this study, we examine the impact of impaired LYST function both in vitro with primary LYST mutant fibroblasts as well as in vivo with an excisional wound model. The wound model shows that LYST mutant mice have impaired wound healing in the form of delayed epithelialization and collagen deposition, independent of macrophage infiltration and polarisation. We show that LYST mutation confers a deficit in MCP‐1, IGF‐1, and IGFBP‐2 secretion in beige fibroblasts, which are critical factors in normal wound healing. Identifying the mechanism of LYST function is important for understanding normal wound biology, which may facilitate the development of strategies to address problem wound healing.
Optical properties of La1−xSrxVO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) films grown on LSAT substrates using radio frequency sputtering deposition
Authors: Jin Oh Ye , Jung Dae Ho , Lee Jae Jun , Nguyen Thi Thu , Rhyee Jong Soo , Lee Hosun
Published: November 2021

La1−xSrxVO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) films can be transparent conducting oxides such as n-type SrVO3 and p-type La2/3Sr1/3VO3 films. They also show a semiconductor-to-metal transition (SMT) near x = 0.2. The optical and electrical properties of La1−xSrxVO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) films grown on (LaAlO3)0.3(Sr2AlTaO6)0.7 (LSAT) substrates using RF sputtering deposition were investigated. Resistivities of La1−xSrxVO3 showed SMT near x = 0.2. La1−xSrxVO3 films grown on LSAT substrates were found to have high crystallinity using θ−2θ scan and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements. Dielectric functions of La1−xSrxVO3 films were measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The evolution of optical spectra of La1−xSrxVO3 films from LaVO3 to SrVO3 was compared to the electronic band structures as a function of Sr composition, which was either experimentally observed or theoretically calculated in the literature. With increasing Sr composition, the interband transition energies of O 2p to V 3d states near 4 eV changed linearly as a function of Sr content.
Ethical advice in paediatric care
Authors: Brierley Joe , Cave Emma , Archard Dave
Published: November 2021

The need for local ethics advice during the COVID-19 pandemic has put a spotlight on clinical ethics committees (CECs) and services. In this review, we focus on paediatric CECs that raise both generic questions and specific issues. In doing this, we acknowledge the broader roles of education, research and staff support some bioethics teams have developed but focus on the main areas of clinical ethics support to clinical teams. We raise 12 questions about the role, remit and responsibilities of CECs, provide preliminary answers to these and set out the next steps for the development of ethics support both in paediatric practice and more generally.
Aorto-oesophageal fistula: rarest cause of haematemesis - is it salvageable?
Authors: Periyanarkunan Murugesan Ramaiya , Elavarasan Soundarya , Sivaraman Premkumar , Chinnasamy Ganesan
Published: November 2021

A 60-year-old man presented with severe abdominal pain, two episodes of massive haematemesis and chest discomfort. CT angiography showed a saccular aneurysm of the juxtaphrenic aorta with possible oesophageal erosion. Upper GI endoscopy revealed external compression of the lower oesophagus—near total luminal obstruction with impending rupture of the aortic aneurysm. Emergency aneurysmal repair by interposition grafting using 20 mm Dacron graft with oesophageal–gastric reconstruction done. Postoperative period was uneventful
‘I will never love anyone like that again’: cognitive behavioural therapy and the pathologisation and medicalisation of ordinary experiences
Authors: Ratnayake Sahanika
Published: November 2021

Psychiatry has a long history of being criticised for the pathologisation and medicalisation of ordinary experiences. One of the most prominent of these critiques is advanced by Allan Horwitz and Jerome Wakefield who argue that instances of ordinary sadness in response to events such as bereavement, heartbreak and misfortune, are being mistakenly diagnosed as depression due to an increasing lack of consideration for aetiology and contextual factors. Critiques concerning pathologisation and medicalisation have not been forthcoming for psychiatry’s close cousin, psychotherapy. Using Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, one of the most prominent schools of contemporary psychotherapy as a case study, I demonstrate that psychotherapy also contributes to medicalising and pathologising bereavement, heartbreak and misfortune.
Response analysis of subgrade soils using signal phase shift obtained from laboratory lightweight deflectometer (LWD) tests
Authors: Bilodeau Jean-Pascal , Kandji Mbayang , Nguyen Mai-Lan
Published: November 2021

Over the past decades, the use of fast and reliable measurement techniques of soil mechanical properties has gained popularity. The lightweight deflectometer (LWD) is among the tools developed that can allow one to determine the elastic modulus of soil. Viscosity response components in pavement or soil typically induce phase shifts between stress and strain peaks, which can be translated to phase angle. Subgrade soil may exhibit varying response types depending on its nature and characteristics. Using large laboratory subgrade samples, an experiment was designed to measure the elastic modulus and phase angle with an LWD in different stress and humidity conditions. A model associating the elastic modulus inferred from LWD tests with parameters describing stress, water content, and soil properties was proposed. This model is fundamentally inferred from the relationship between elastic modulus and phase shift, and was used to assess the relative contribution of varying conditions on soil stiffness.
Testing Kerr black hole mimickers with quasi-periodic oscillations from GRO J1655-40
Authors: Jiang Xin , Wang Peng , Wu Houwen , Yang Haitang
Published: November 2021

The measurements of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) provide a quite powerful tool to test the nature of astrophysical black hole candidates in the strong gravitational field regime. In this paper, we use QPOs within the relativistic precession model to test a recently proposed family of rotating black hole mimickers, which reduce to the Kerr metric in a limiting case, and can represent traversable wormholes or regular black holes with one or two horizons, depending on the values of the parameters. In particular, assuming that the compact object of GRO J1655-40 is described by a rotating black hole mimicker, we perform a $$\chi $$
χ
-square analysis to fit the parameters of the mimicker with two sets of observed QPO frequencies from GRO J1655-40. Our results indicate that although the metric around the compact object of GRO J1655-40 is consistent with the Kerr metric, a regular black hole with one horizon is favored by the observation data of GRO J1655-40.
The presence of occupational structure in online texts based on word embedding NLP models
Authors: Kmetty Zoltán , Koltai Júlia , Rudas Tamás
Published: November 2021

Research on social stratification is closely linked to analyzing the prestige associated with different occupations. This research focuses on the positions of occupations in the semantic space represented by large amounts of textual data. The results are compared to standard results in social stratification to see whether the classical results are reproduced and if additional insights can be gained into the social positions of occupations. The paper gives an affirmative answer to both questions.

The results show a fundamental similarity of the occupational structure obtained from text analysis to the structure described by prestige and social distance scales. While our research reinforces many theories and empirical findings of the traditional body of literature on social stratification and, in particular, occupational hierarchy, it pointed to the importance of a factor not discussed in the mainline of stratification literature so far: the power and organizational aspect.
Supersymmetry of 𝒫𝒯-symmetric tridiagonal Hamiltonians
Authors: AlMasri Mohammad Walid
Published: November 2021

We extend the study of supersymmetric tridiagonal Hamiltonians to the case of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with real or complex conjugate eigenvalues. We find the relation between matrix elements of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] and its supersymmetric partner [Formula: see text] in a given basis. Moreover, the orthogonal polynomials in the eigenstate expansion problem attached to [Formula: see text] can be recovered from those polynomials arising from the same problem for [Formula: see text] with the help of kernel polynomials. Besides its generality, the developed formalism in this work is a natural home for using the numerically powerful Gauss quadrature techniques in probing the nature of some physical quantities such as the energy spectrum of [Formula: see text]-symmetric complex potentials. Finally, we solve the shifted [Formula: see text]-symmetric Morse oscillator exactly in the tridiagonal representation.
New interaction solutions of the similarity reduction for the integrable (2+1)-dimensional Boussinesq equation
Authors: Hu Hengchun , Li Xiaodan
Published: November 2021

The nonlocal symmetry of the new integrable [Formula: see text]-dimensional Boussinesq equation is studied by the standard truncated Painlevé expansion. This nonlocal symmetry can be localized to the Lie point symmetry of the prolonged system by introducing two auxiliary dependent variables. The corresponding finite symmetry transformation and similarity reduction related to the nonlocal symmetry of the new integrable [Formula: see text]-dimensional Boussinesq equation are studied. The rational solution, the triangle solution, two solitoff-interaction solution and the soliton–cnoidal interaction solutions for the new [Formula: see text]-dimensional Boussinesq equation are presented analytically and graphically by selecting the proper arbitrary constants.
RNN-Assisted Feature-Extraction VMD for Load Classification in Cloud Computing Platform
Authors: Ma Yiming , Wang Haixin , Yang Junyou , Chen Zhe , Yuan Jingwei , Okoye Martin Onyeka
Published: November 2021

Cloud computing can improve the calculation and data storage ability for the control center in the power system. A new framework of the cloud-based control center is proposed in this paper. This cloud computing system can collect the load data from smart meters of the grid and classify demand-side management (DSM) loads that meet the specific requirements. The selected loads belong to the off-peak period (from 21:00 to 07:00 next day) and can contribute to shifting the night peak load. A feature extraction combined with Variational Mode Decomposition (FE-VMD) of the loads which can be trained in recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed in this paper. Using the feature value to replace the actual load data, input data can be significantly reduced which is suitable for a vast amount of load in the power system. A case study of real load data from 200,000 customers has been classified with this method, and the accuracy is compared with the other methods. From simulation with MATLAB, it can be seen that the FE-VMD combined with the RNN method provides the best result of 89.8% recognition accuracy among these methods.
INFLATION, CENTRAL BANK AND SHORT-TERM INTEREST RATES: A NEW MODEL WITH CALIBRATION TO MARKET DATA
Authors: ANTONACCI FLAVIA , COSTANTINI CRISTINA , D’IPPOLITI FERNANDA , PAPI MARCO
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we propose a new model for the joint evolution of the inflation rate, the Central Bank official interest rate and the short-term interest rate. Our model takes into account the fact that the Central Bank interest rate changes at random times, inflation is measured at fixed, regular times, while the short-term interest rate evolves essentially continuously. We derive the valuation equation for a contingent claim and show that it has a unique solution. The payoff may depend on all three economic factors of the model and the discount factor is allowed to include inflation. Our model is not an affine model. Although in some special cases the solution of the valuation equation might admit a closed form, in general it has to be solved numerically. This can be done efficiently by the algorithm that we provide. Taking as a benchmark the model of [H. W. Ho, H. H. Huang & Y. Yildirim (2014) Affine model of inflation-indexed derivatives and inflation risk premium, European Journal of Operational Research 235, 159–169], we show that our model performs better on European market data from 2008 to 2015. Our model uses many fewer parameters than the benchmark model: This is advantageous from the numerical point of view and suggests that our model describes the behavior of the economic factors more closely.
An Efficient and Robust Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Method for Framed Structures Using the Rigid Body Rule
Authors: Chen Zhaohui , He Min , Tao Yuchen , Yang Y. B.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, by implanting the rigid body rule (RBR)-based strategy for static nonlinear problems into the implicit direct integration procedure, an efficient and robustness nonlinear dynamic analysis method for the response of framed structures with large deflections and rotations is proposed. The implicit integration method proposed by Newmark is improved by inserting an intermediate time into the time step and by adding the 3-point backward difference in the second substep so as to preserve the momentum conservation and to maintain the stability of the direct integration method. To solve the equivalent incremental equations of motion, the RBR is built in to deal with the rigid rotations and the resulting additional nodal forces of element. During the increment-iterative procedure, the use of RBR-qualified geometric stiffness in the predictor reduces the numbers of iterations, while the elastic stiffness alone in the corrector to update the element nodal forces makes the computation efficiency and convergence with no virtual forces caused by the ill geometric stiffness. The proposed algorithm is advanced in the applications of several framed structures with highly nonlinear behavior in the dynamic response by its simplicity, efficient and robustness.
Nonlinear Lie triple derivations by local actions on triangular algebras
Authors: Zhao Xingpeng
Published: November 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be a triangular algebra over a commutative ring [Formula: see text]. In this paper, under some mild conditions on [Formula: see text], we prove that if [Formula: see text] is a nonlinear map satisfying [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text] is almost additive on [Formula: see text], that is, [Formula: see text] Moreover, there exist an additive derivation [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and a nonlinear map [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] for any [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text].
CONSUMERS’ RESPONSE TO REALLY NEW PRODUCTS: A COHESIVE SYNTHESIS OF CURRENT RESEARCH AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS
Authors: FEURER SVEN , HOEFFLER STEVE , ZHAO MIN , HERZENSTEIN MICHAL
Published: November 2021

The past decades have witnessed an abundance of research on how consumers learn about, evaluate, and adopt really new products (RNPs)—products that are hard to define using existing product categories and require behavioural changes. Yet, every year, RNPs fail to garner consumer enthusiasm despite promising interesting new features and benefits. The goal of this research is to synthesise extant RNP knowledge with a focus on consumer behaviour and identify future research opportunities. To that end, we screened 587 papers published in marketing journals related to new products and focused on all those that specifically examine consumers’ reaction to new products (53 core papers). We build their findings into a cohesive framework illuminating how consumers learn about RNPs and evaluate their novel benefits considering the uncertainty surrounding these benefits. We also derive recommendations for managers to communicate the utility of a RNP more effectively. We conclude by identifying under-researched aspects and offering suggestions for future research.
Improvements to the Search for Cosmic Dawn Using the Long Wavelength Array
Authors: DiLullo Christopher , Dowell Jayce , Taylor Gregory B.
Published: November 2021

We present recent improvements to the search for the global Cosmic Dawn signature using the Long Wavelength Array station located on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge in New Mexico, USA (LWA–SV). These improvements are both in the methodology of the experiment and the hardware of the station. An improved observing strategy along with more sophisticated temperature calibration and foreground modeling schemes have led to improved residual RMS limits. A large improvement over previous work using LWA–SV is the use of a novel achromatic beamforming technique which has been developed for LWA–SV. We present results from an observing campaign which contains 29 days of observations between March 10, 2021 and April 10, 2021. The reported residual RMS limits are six times above the amplitude of the potential signal reported by the Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES) collaboration.
Sentiment Analysis in Hindi—A Survey on the State-of-the-art Techniques
Authors: Kulkarni Dhanashree S. , Rodd Sunil S.
Published: November 2021

Sentiment Analysis (SA) has been a core interest in the field of text mining research, dealing with computational processing of sentiments, views, and subjective nature of the text. Due to the availability of extensive web-based data in Indian languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil, and so on. It has become extremely significant to analyze this data and recover valuable and relevant information. Hindi being the first language of the majority of the population in India, SA in Hindi has turned out to be a critical task particularly for companies and government organizations. This research portrays a systematic review specifically in the field of Hindi SA. The major contribution of this article includes the categorization of numerous articles based on techniques that have attracted researchers in performing SA tasks in Hindi language. This survey classifies these state-of-the-art computational intelligence techniques into four major categories namely lexicon-based techniques, machine learning techniques, deep learning techniques, and hybrid techniques. It discusses the importance of these techniques based on different aspects such as their impact on the issues of SA, levels of analysis, and performance evaluation measures. The research puts forward a comprehensive overview of the majority of the work done in Hindi SA. This study will help researchers in finding out resources such as annotated datasets, linguistic resources, and lexical resources. This survey delivers some significant findings and presents overall future research directions in the field of Hindi SA.
Edge Computing to Solve Security Issues for Infectious Disease Intelligence Prevention
Authors: Lv Zhihan , Lou Ranran , Lv Haibin
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, with the rapid development of intelligent technology, it is urgent to effectively prevent infectious diseases and ensure people's privacy. The present work constructs the intelligent prevention system of infectious diseases based on edge computing by using the edge computing algorithm, and further deploys and optimizes the privacy information security defense strategy of users in the system, controls the cost, constructs the optimal conditions of the system security defense, and finally analyzes the performance of the model. The results show that the system delay decreases with the increase of power in the downlink. In the analysis of the security performance of personal privacy information, it is found that six different nodes can maintain the optimal strategy when the cost is minimized in the finite time domain and infinite time domain. In comparison with other classical algorithms in the communication field, when the intelligent prevention system of infectious diseases constructed adopts the best defense strategy, it can effectively reduce the consumption of computing resources of edge network equipment, and the prediction accuracy is obviously better than that of other algorithms, reaching 83%. Hence, the results demonstrate that the model constructed can ensure the safety performance and forecast accuracy, and achieve the best defense strategy at low cost, which provides experimental reference for the prevention and detection of infectious diseases in the later period.
Forecasting Trend of Coronavirus Disease 2019 using Multi-Task Weighted TSK Fuzzy System
Authors: Jiang Yizhang , Gu Xiaoqing , Hua Lei , Li Kang , Tao Yuwen , Li Bo
Published: November 2021

Artificial intelligence– (AI) based fog/edge computing has become a promising paradigm for infectious disease. Various AI algorithms are embedded in cooperative fog/edge devices to construct medical Internet of Things environments, infectious disease forecast systems, smart health, and so on. However, these systems are usually done in isolation, which is called single-task learning. They do not consider the correlation and relationship between multiple/different tasks, so some common information in the model parameters or data characteristics is lost. In this study, each data center in fog/edge computing is considered as a task in the multi-task learning framework. In such a learning framework, a multi-task weighted Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy system, called MW-TSKFS, is developed to forecast the trend of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MW-TSKFS provides a multi-task learning strategy for both antecedent and consequent parameters of fuzzy rules. First, a multi-task weighted fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm is developed for antecedent parameter learning, which extracts the public information among all tasks and the private information of each task. By sharing the public cluster centroid and public membership matrix, the differences of commonality and individuality can be further exploited. For consequent parameter learning of MW-TSKFS, a multi-task collaborative learning mechanism is developed based on ε-insensitive criterion and L2 norm penalty term, which can enhance the generalization and forecasting ability of the proposed fuzzy system. The experimental results on the real COVID-19 time series show that the forecasting tend model based on multi-task the weighted TSK fuzzy system has a high application value.