bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community in a Virtual Classroom
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kwiatkowska Wioletta
Published: May 2022

The main research objectives were presenting experiences of virtual classroom learners in the context of being part of a community or being indifferent towards it, as well as getting to know the value of the community in view of respondents, and the attitudes of respondents to the community. The research operated within the interpretive paradigm. The respondents were twenty six students of different majors at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. All the respondents emphasized the value of being part of a community; still, the opinions were diverse with regard to individual predispositions, skills and aptitudes of the learners. The obtained results are of great significance to the educational thought and practice and in relation to the growing importance of e-learning and its popularisation
Primary School Teachers’ Professional Performance in the Czech Republic, Bulgaria and Poland. Comparative Analysis
Authors:   Silesian University, Pituła Beata , A. Sacher Wiesława ,   Silesian University
Published: May 2022

The paper discusses research referring to a primary school teachers’ professional performance diagnosis in the Czech Republic, Poland and Bulgaria. The comparison of the research findings indicates similarities and differences which emerged due to the research between different groups of teachers from the three countries with an attempt to justify the results.
Emotional Costs, Self-effi cacy and Coping Strategies among Unemployed Individuals during Professional Internship
Authors:   University of Silesia, Ślebarska Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

The study investigates the emotional costs experienced in the new workplace and general self-efficacy (GSE) as predictors of coping during the first period of reemployment. The study was conducted among 69 unemployed during professional internship. Questionnaires battery was administered in two waves (T1 and T2) within the first two weeks of this kind of reemployment and after 3 months. 35 respondents participated in T2. The results showed GSE and emotional costs as predictors of coping strategies using in the work re-entry phase. Further regression analysis showed a significant relationship between problem solving (T1) and GSE, and emotional costs (T2).
Objective and Subjective Effectiveness of Students in the Context of Their Activity Level
Authors:   University of Silesia, Jach Łukasz
Published: May 2022

Within recent years the percentage of students in relation to the total population of young adults has been increasing in Poland. In search of the psychological consequences of this situation a study has been conducted on the relation between the level of activity of students and both the objective and subjective indicators of their effectiveness and the level of autotelism/calculation of the initiated activities. The study in question has been performed among a group of 473 students of the University of Silesia, and the results thereof indicate differences between the non-active, averagely active and above-averagely active students in the scope of grade point averages, the amount of granted scholarships, subjectively perceived attractiveness for colleagues as well as for the potential employer, the level of identity integration and the position in group hierarchy. The theoretical concept for analyses is constituted by the concept of emerging adulthood, the evolutionary approach and the concept of career capital.
Adult Learners’ Perceptions of the Use of Interactive Whiteboards in University Classrooms
Authors:   National Chi Nan University, Lai Horng-Ji
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate adult learners’ perceptions of the use of Interactive Whiteboards (IWBs) in a university classroom in Taiwan. The participants were undergraduate students in a Master’s program. Research data were obtained through students’ interviews, site observations, and students’ reflective journals on the course website. Interviews were conducted with six adult learners who were also working professionals. The research data indicate that adult learners valued the benefits of using IWBs in instruction and workplace learning and pointed out that instructors’ readiness and competence determine the effectiveness of IWB integration in classrooms. Another important finding revealed in this study suggested that instructors need to develop creative IWB lesson plans that fully utilize the advantages of IWBs in order to ensure that IWBs are effectively and continually used in adult education/training settings.
An Empirical Study in Evaluating the E-learning Dimension of Blended Model
Authors:   “Mediteranean” University, Šćepanović Snežana , Bauk Sanja ,   University of Montenegro
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to offer a methodological framework for assessing e-learning capacities in blended educational scheme, based on users’ experiences, with an ultimate goal of getting a clearer view of what should be improved within existing systems of this kind. Accordingly, a survey among sixty students at the post graduate level and ten experienced instructors was conducted at “Mediterranean” University in Montenegro. An assessment model based on a particular combination of binary and Saaty’s matrix approaches was used for adding the quantitative dimension to the considered issue, with an intention to generate more specific directions for redesigning and improving key features of contemporary web-based e-learning systems (WBEL) in the blended environment by making them more valuable and user-friendly ones.
Piloting of Blended Learning: Implementation and Benefits
Authors:   University of Kosovska Mitrovica, Vitošević Biljana , Janković Anita ,   University of Kosovska Mitrovica, Vitošević Zdravko ,   University of Kosovska Mitrovica
Published: May 2022

This paper is based on piloting of blended learning as a transformative learning process in order to keep pace with technological innovation. Our redesign of the course was the intention of the use of blended learning as a tool for high-quality, meaningful and longer lasting knowledge, improvements in learning outcomes and greater engagement of students in learning. We chose Moodle platform as a highly sophisticated learning management system with many modules and its possibilities of application in the learning context to develop the online component as a supplement to classroom lessons. After conducting an analysis of the course and a questionnaire, we concluded that students use all the segments of the online component and they become more engaged, their assignments end on time and at the end they would express their satisfaction with the course redesign. Using the T-test for large independent samples there is statistically significantly better performance in the final test (p<0.01) for students who have used Moodle compared to students from the previous generation attending traditional classes, while in the theoretical part of the exam there are higher grades instead of middle, but without statistical significance (p>0.05), which leads us to the view that blended learning helps, above all, average students to upgrade and advance their knowledge. Considering that many of our student are athletes, blended learning is a good choice for them as they are professionally engaged in sports and they can follow the course and complete their assignments in addition to sports commitments. This piloting will serve as a parameter for future use of blended learning to be more adapted to the needs and objectives of students and eliminate any disadvantages.
Aggressive Behaviour of Pupils against Teachers - Theoretical Reflection and School Practice
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Emmerová Ingrid
Published: May 2022

The increase in socio-pathological phenomena in adults in Slovakia during the transformation period manifested itself also in the increase in problem behaviour in children and youth thus creating a social need for increased effectiveness of prevention and its professionalisation in schools. In the current school practice, pupils’ aggressive behaviour, even against teachers, is not sporadic. Despite the severity of this problem it is paid little attention.
The Role of Spirituality and Belief in Free Will in the Perception of Self-efficacy Among Young Adults
Authors:   University of Silesia, Charzyńska Edyta , Wysocka Ewa ,   University of Silesia
Published: May 2022

The primary goal of the study was to examine the relationships between spirituality, belief in free will and perceived self-efficacy among young adults. In order to develop the preliminary adaptation of the FAD-Plus questionnaire, used for measuring the lay beliefs in free will and three related constructs, Study 1 was carried out among 485 young adults. The tool had satisfactory psychometric properties. Study 2, in which 340 students participated, verified the role of believing in free will as a potential mediator between spirituality and perceived self-efficacy. In the case of male students, total mediation was found, and in the case of female students, partial mediation was noted. The studies indicate the need to put greater emphasis on the spiritual sphere and the sense of free will in the education provided for young adults.
The Perspectives of the Development of the Strategic Management in Ukrainian Higher Education
Authors:   University of Educational Management, Kyiv, Hladchenko Myroslava
Published: May 2022

The research focuses on the perspectives of development of the strategic management in Ukrainian higher education. Strategic management is widely used by European higher education institutions and cannot be avoided by Ukrainian institutions if they are going to develop for a better future. Ukrainian higher education institutions are in the transition state and their understanding of strategic management is at the initial stage and further evolvement of the strategic management in Ukrainian higher education requires reforms from the state and willingness of the higher education institutions to accept the challenges of the modern environment.
Analysis of the Implementation of Practical Work in the Area of Early Science Education of Primary School Pupils in the Republic of Slovenia
Authors:   University of Maribor, Delčnjak Smrečnik Irena , Fošnarič Samo ,   University of Maribor, Čagran Branka ,   University of Maribor
Published: May 2022

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study (N = 497) among Slovene primary school teachers with the aim of examining practical work in Primary Science courses (age 9-11). The study examined the attitude towards practical work and obstacles. The aim was also to find out whether the level of socio-economic development impacts on attitudes and obstacles. The main obstacles to the implementation of practical work at class level are: lack of material support, oversized classes, poor spatial conditions and a need for assistants. Surprising results followed an analysis of differences in the development of the environment: primary school teachers from less developed regions show a more positive attitude towards practical work compared to those from more developed regions. In addition, obstacles are perceived similarly regardless of the socio-economic situation.
Parental Monitoring of the Internet Activity of Young Children and Preadolescents
Authors:   University of Silesia, Przybyła-Basista Hanna , Kołodziej Anna ,   University of Silesia
Published: May 2022

This study explores the influence of three psychological factors of the parental monitoring of children’s Internet activity: (i) parents’ perception of the Internet as a source of threat and risk, (ii) parents’ perception of the Internet as a source of benefits, and (iii) family closeness. The sample consisted of 161 parents (20 fathers and 141 mothers) of children aged 7 - 12. Results show that family closeness is the most significant predictor for parental monitoring. The second significant predictor is parents’ perception of the Internet as a source of threat or risk. As expected, the predictors for parental monitoring of children’s Internet activity depend on children’s age.
Implementation of the M@IVES Website in Postgraduate Education
Authors:   Universidad de Jaén, María Ortiz Colón Ana , Pontes de Oliveira Jairo ,   Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão, Manuel Trujillo Torres Juan ,   Universidad de Granada
Published: May 2022

M@IVES research addresses the trajectory of Brazilian graduate students and their attitude to the development of educational technology through a pretestposttest quasi-experimental process with experimental and control groups. It has included the design methodology of research since the establishment of the problem posed by the institutions of graduate work in guidance to course work. It analyzes data gathered in the field of research and in light of Brazilian reality. It enhances the development of a new teaching methodology, supported by educational technology - M@ IVES - for research specialization courses Education Area offered in the city of São Luís. It demonstrates, by building Site M@IVES and study developed, the limits and educational opportunities offered by the new methodology presented.
Peer Review Experiences for MOOC. Development and Testing of a Peer Review System for a Massive Online Course
Authors:   European University, Spain, Sánchez Acosta Enrique , José Escribano Otero Juan ,   Tidewater Community College, Spain, Christie Toletti Gabriela ,   Old Dominion University, Spain
Published: May 2022

Although at first MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) did not use peer reviews, this kind of assessment has increasingly demonstrated the benefits that it can contribute to this type of course by improving the learning process, increasing decisions making abilities, and developing several other academic skills. Other MOOC assessment instruments do not provide students with these opportunities. This paper discusses the results obtained by the most commonly used massive online course platforms, detailing their features and limitations, as well as the experience in the implementation and use of a peer review system for a course of more than 7300 students. This study also comments on how evaluation rubrics are created, along with the final results, and the impact of the inclusion of this type of evaluation in MOOC.
Relationship between Creativity and Perfectionism in Secondary School Students
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Vašašová Zlata , Lipková Erika
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship, including its nature, between creativity and perfectionism in secondary school students. Its research section is focused on quantitative research analysing relationships between figurative and verbal creativity on the one hand and perfectionism and perfectionist thoughts on the other hand. Our findings indicate that there is a weak positive relationship between figurative creativity and perfectionism and also a moderate positive relationship between verbal creativity and perfectionism.
Multidimensionality of Learning - a Report from Some Studies Among Candidates for Teachers
Authors:   University of Silesia, Szczurek-Boruta Alina
Published: May 2022

The presented paper is based on extensive multivariate studies conducted in some academic centres of Poland which differ in location (the centre - the borderland) and socio-economic potential. What prevails in the theoretical sphere are references to studies in the area of social psychology of development and to the idea of constructivism. The research results provide a lot of information on teacher education. On the basis of the conducted diagnoses, four dimensions of learning are indicated by the author (identity of the professional role, experiences in relations with the Other, practice, social participation) as well as the process of cogeneration. This constitutes a thought provoking material, which encourages changes in contents and methods (in the current model) of training teachers. Such an approach to teacher education seems appropriate and needed, in compliance with the critical-creative view on educational reality and striving for positive solutions to social (thus also educational) problems. The study enriches knowledge in the field of pedeutology, intercultural education, and some other areas of pedagogy (as a scientific discipline) and education (as a space of social life).
Impacts of Affective Tutoring System on the Academic Achievement of Primary School Students with Different Cognitive Styles - An Example of Marine Education
Authors:   National University of Tainan, Koong Lin Hao-Chiang , Su Sheng-Hsiung , Hsieh Yi-Chun , Tsai Shang-Chin
Published: May 2022

The study is trying to use ATS (Affective Tutoring System) with emotional calculating technology in the activity of the shell education program. The result is used to study the academic achievement of students with different cognitive styles and system usability. There were 61 fifth-grade children from two different classes participating in this experiment. Every child had to do GEFT (Group Figure-Embedded Test) and academic achievement pre-test before they started the ATS. Then students engaged in ATS learning. Academic achievement post-test was done and the System Usability Scale for Learning Questionnaire after they finished the ATS. The experiment yielded the following results: (1) Learning with ATS not only can give learners an excellent feeling of system usability, but also help learners to promote academic achievement more effectively. (2) According to the system usability and academic achievement, the Field-independent learners were acting better than the Field-dependent learners.
Peculiarities of electrophoretic deposition and morphology of deposited films in non-aqueous suspensions of Al2O3–Al nanopowder
Authors: Kalinina Elena G. , Rusakova Darya S. , Pikalova Elena Yu.
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the electrokinetic properties of non-aqueous suspensions of the Al2O3–Al nanopowder obtained by the method of electric explosion of wires (EEW) with 0.3 wt.% of metallic aluminum in its composition. The dependence of zeta potential on the concentration of the Al2O3–Al suspension is revealed. The nature of long-term changes in zeta potential and pH in suspensions is established. Appearance of bubbles in the deposited coatings due to the interaction of metallic aluminum particles with the liquid suspension medium during electrochemical reactions on the electrodes is defined as the main feature of the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process in the Al2O3–Al suspensions. The influence of the suspension preparation method on the deposited coatings’ morphology is demonstrated.
A Realidade Virtual como terapia de distração durante cistoscopias: um ensaio clínico
Authors: GOERGEN DIEGO INÁCIO , FREITAS DANIEL MELECCHI DE OLIVEIRA
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: investigar se a experiência de realidade virtual (RV) está associada à diminuição da dor em pacientes submetidos à cistoscopia rígida sob anestesia local. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo prospectivo, randomizado e controlado de 159 pacientes que foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: RV e controle. A intervenção da experiência de RV consistiu no uso de óculos de realidade virtual com smartphone adaptado e fones de ouvido, onde um vídeo foi reproduzido durante o procedimento. Os principais desfechos analisados foram dor, desconforto, variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, dificuldade e duração da cistoscopia. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o teste t de Student, o teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste do qui-quadrado. Um P<0,05 foi considerado como estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: entre os 159 pacientes estudados (grupo RV=80; grupo controle=79), a média de idade foi 63,6 anos e 107 (67,3%) eram do sexo masculino. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nas características basais entre os grupos. A RV foi significativamente associada à menor variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (6,29 vs 11,09 bpm, P<0,001) e menor duração do procedimento (5,33 vs 8,65 min, P<0,001). Além disso, quando cistoscopias devido à extração de duplo J foram excluídas, a RV foi associada à redução da dor na escala visual analógica (3,26 vs 4,33cm, P=0,023). Conclusões: o uso da RV como terapia de distração durante a realização de cistoscopias ambulatoriais é seguro, não tem efeitos colaterais, está associado a menos dor e desconforto e reduz a duração do procedimento.
Virtual Reality as a distraction therapy during cystoscopy: a clinical trial
Authors: GOERGEN DIEGO INÁCIO , FREITAS DANIEL MELECCHI DE OLIVEIRA
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate whether virtual reality (VR) experience is associated with decreased pain sensation among patients who undergo rigid cystoscopy under local anesthesia. Methods: we performed a prospective, randomized, controlled study of 159 patients who were aleatorily enrolled into two groups: VR and control. VR experience intervention consisted of using a headset with a smartphone adapted to a virtual reality glasses where an app-video was played during the procedure. Main outcomes analyzed were pain, discomfort, heart rate variability, difficulty and duration of the cystoscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using a Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test. A P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: among 159 patients studied (VR group=80 patients; control group=79 patients), the mean age was 63,6 years and 107 (67,3%) were male. There was no statistically significant difference in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups. VR was significantly associated to decreased heart rate variability (6,29 vs 11,09 bpm, P<0,001) and lower duration of the procedure (5,33 vs 8,65 min, P<0,001). Also, when cystoscopies due to double-J extraction were excluded, VR experience was associated with reduced pain on the visual analog score of pain (3,26 vs 4,33 cm, P=0,023). Conclusions: the use of VR as a distraction therapy while performing outpatient cystoscopies is safe, has no side effects, is associated with less pain and discomfort, and reduces length of procedure.
SELF-ASSESSMENT OF GENERIC COMPETENCES IN GRADUATES OF A BRAZILIAN INTERDISCIPLINARY BACHELOR'S DEGREE
Authors: ARAÚJO FERNANDA RIBEIRO DE , FONTOURA CARLOS EDUARDO DA SILVA , CONTI WILLIAM REMO PEDROSO , MARTINS FERNANDO RAMOS , SCACHETTI RODOLFO EDUARDO , OLIVEIRA-MONTEIRO NANCY RAMACCIOTTI DE
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: Professional competences represent a combination of attributes (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) that describe to how extent the person may perform them. In general, the professional competences are classified as specific (directly related to the professional activities), and generic (interchangeable with multiple life functions and tasks). This paper analyses the development of generic competences by graduate students of Interdisciplinary Baccalaureate in Sea Science, at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo. One hundred and eighty graduating between 2015 and 2018 answered an online survey. Among the 19 generic self-valued competences, Ability to work as a team and Ethical commitment got the highest scores. Motivation for work, Ability to apply knowledge to practice, and Motivation to achieve goals got the lowest scores. The alumni who were working pointed out that Ethical commitment, Responsibility at work, and Teamwork as the most relevant competences for the labor market. Basic knowledge of the profession, Ability to apply knowledge to practice, and Motivation for work were valued as less important. There were discrepancies in the competences scores attributed to development along the university course and demanded by the labor market. Such discrepancies indicate a mismatch between the competence development at the university and the request of the professional market.
WHEN THE STATE DOES NOT REACH: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN SETTLEMENTS, INDIGENOUS, AND QUILOMBO COMMUNITIES
Authors: LOBO CINARA ARAÚJO , BERNARDINO-COSTA JOAZE
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: The article evaluates the effective benefits of the policy to decentralize federal education resources to schools in indigenous and quilombo communities, and settlements. Based on the quantitative analysis of the Basic Education Census data, information on balance and transfer of values from the Dinheiro Direto na Escola Program, and data from the Federation of Industry of Rio de Janeiro, the article relates the volume of transferred resources, the physical structure of schools, and state capacity of the federated entities. The initial hypothesis is that historically excluded communities are in municipalities with low state capacity and greater difficulty to develop differentiated educational policies. The article also raises the hypothesis of the racialization of the State, which normalizes the precarious life of traditional populations. It concludes by calling attention to the complexity of implementing decentralized policies for these communities and the importance of including the role of the racial State in their reflections and evaluations.
BABY CRYING AND TEACHING AT DAYCARE
Authors: MARQUES FERNANDA PEDROSA COUTINHO , LUZ IZA RODRIGUES DA
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: The present paper aims at analyzing the (re)actions of both teachers and assistants in Preschool Education when faced with babies' cries in interactions held at a Municipal School of Early Childhood Education (EMEI) in Belo Horizonte city in the state of Minas Gerais, relying on the literature and the reference documents for Preschool Education in both national and local levels. This is a Master's study of qualitative nature that had to participate observation as its main method in a group comprised of 12 babies, 4 teachers, and 1 assistant. The observations, carried out over the second half of 2017, were recorded in a field diary as well as through video recordings. Based on the analyses conducted, the (re)actions of both the teachers and the assistant were grouped into two categories: moments of improved connection with the principles and goals of EI, and moments of tension and contradiction with such principles and aims. Given the complexity of care and education work in daycare, we recommend either conducting further research on babies' expressions and the attitudes of teachers and assistants and reaffirming the importance of such professionals having systematic moments for reflection upon their teaching practice.
AUTOEFICÁCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO MÉDICA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: COSTA FILHO JOSÉ DE OLIVEIRA , MURGO CAMÉLIA SANTINA , FRANCO ALINE FONSECA
Published: May 2022

RESUMO: A autoeficácia é descrita como importante fator influenciador do comportamento humano, ligada à motivação e ao desempenho, sendo relevante sua análise no contexto educacional. Este estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre a autoeficácia na educação médica nacional e internacional, com o propósito de analisar os principais fatores que impactam as crenças de autoeficácia de professores e estudantes de Medicina. Para tanto, realizou-se buscas em quatro bases: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Public Medline (PubMed), Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) e Portal CAPES, no período de 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas português, espanhol e inglês. Empregou-se os descritores: “autoeficácia” e “medicina”, resultando na seleção de 20 estudos. A partir dos principais objetivos do estudos, chegou-se à seguinte categorização: 1) autoeficácia e fatores emocionais, 2) autoeficácia e uso de metodologias ativas no ensino, 3) autoeficácia de estudantes e diferentes métdos de ensino, 4) autoeficácia, motivação e aprendizagem autorregulada e 5) autoeficácia dos estudantes em tarefa específica e sua correlação com o desempenho. Concluiu-se que os trabalhos se mostraram concordantes em qualificar a autoeficácia como importante construto para educação médica, associada ao bom estado emocional, ao desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino/aprendizagem e ao desempenho, além de apontar o impacto do tipo de feedback na formação da autoeficácia de estudantes. Quanto à metodologia de ensino, não foi possível confirmar, no geral, qual o método mais favorável ao fortalecimento da autoeficácia, considerando que outros fatores podem estar implicados no processo.
Psicanálise existencial: a autópsia sartriana de Flaubert - o eremita de Croisset
Authors: Pereira Deise Quintiliano
Published: May 2022

Resumo Nas interlocuções do literário e do biográfico, interessa-nos lançar luz sobre o conceito sartriano de “psicanálise existencial” - método que visa compreender a constituição psíquica do indivíduo a partir de sua realidade sócio-histórica. O caso concreto sobre o qual Sartre se debruça no minucioso esforço de demonstração do seu tratado é Gustave Flaubert. O menino Gustave resiste a todas as incursões dos que se aventuram no difícil propósito de lhe ensinar a ler. Apontado como incapacitado: “você será o idiota da família”, escolherá a passividade e a inércia como meio de se adaptar a um mundo que se lhe apresentava como execrável. Agindo como um ator, o menino mergulha no mundo imaginário da representação, tanto em sua vida quanto em seus projetos, encarnando a máxima sartriana expressa no estudo de Jean Genet: “o importante não é o que fazem de nós, mas o que nós mesmos fazemos daquilo que fizeram da gente”.
Ivermectin as a possible treatment for COVID-19: a review of the 2022 protocols
Authors: Marques L. L. M. , Beneti S. C. , Pinzon C. , Cardoso F. A. R.
Published: May 2022

Abstract Ivermectin is a safe and effective drug in humans and has been approved for use in numerous parasitic infections for over 50 years. In addition, many studies have already shown its antiviral activity. Ivermectin is generally well tolerated, with no indication of central nervous system-associated toxicity at doses up to 10 times the highest FDA-approved dose of 200 µg/kg. The in vitro results of ivermectin for reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral load are promising and show that Ivermectin kills SARS-CoV-2 within 48 hours. A hypothesized mechanism of action for this drug is a likely inhibition of IMPα/β1-mediated nuclear import of viral proteins as demonstrated for other RNA viruses. However, controlled and randomized studies are needed to prove its effectiveness in COVID-19 in humans. In a single in vivo study with published results, patients confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 received at least one dose of ivermectin at any time during hospitalization. The use of ivermectin was associated with lower mortality during treatment with COVID-19, especially in patients who required increased inspired oxygen or ventilatory support. Additionally, 81 studies with the clinical use of ivermectin in humans are being carried out worldwide according to ClinicalTrials.gov. However, none of these data has been published so far. However, private and public entities in Brazil have been adopting this drug in their protocols as prophylaxis and in the initial phase of the disease. In addition, ivermectin has been used in mass treatment to prevent onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis in sub-Saharan Africa for many years. Surprisingly, this region has the lowest proportional mortality rate among the continents, despite the increasing numbers of infected people released by the World Health Organization.
Potential dispersal of aquatic snails by waterbird endozoochory in neotropical wetlands
Authors: Barboza Luiz C. , Silva Giliandro G. , Green Andy J. , Maltchik Leonardo , Stenert Cristina
Published: May 2022

Abstract Waterbird-mediated zoochory is one of the main ecological mechanisms by which non-flying freshwater invertebrates can disperse between isolated wetlands. Passive dispersal through gut passage inside waterbirds (endozoochory) may explain how many organisms spread in the landscape. Here, we evaluate the potential for dispersal of aquatic snails by three waterbird species in neotropical wetlands. A total of 77 faecal samples from Coscoroba coscoroba (n = 28), Dendrocygna viduata (n = 36) and Anas flavirostris (n = 13) were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory. There, the samples were examined under a stereomicroscope to check for the presence of gastropod shells. We found 496 intact gastropod shells, and Heleobia piscium was the most abundant species (n= 485). We also found two shells of Drepanotrema sp. and nine others distributed between two different morphotypes of Planorbidae. Snails were present in 20.8 % of all samples, and were more frequent in faeces of coscoroba swan (50%) than the other two bird species. Our data suggest that aquatic snails may disperse by avian endozoochory between neotropical wetlands, with vectors including migratory bird species.
A degenerescência do gás de elétrons e sua importância em Astrofísica
Authors: Horvath J.E.
Published: May 2022

Apresentamos uma discussão elementar do regime quântico de um gás de elétrons e suas aplicações à Evolução Estelar, com a ideia de contribuir para uma abordagem física deste importante estado da matéria nos primeiros anos das carreiras de Ciências.
Resistance to interprofessional collaboration in in-service training in primary health care
Authors: Lago Luana Pinho de Mesquita , Dóbie Daniel Vannucci , Fortun Cinira Magali , L’Abbate Solange , Silva Jaqueline Alcântara Marcelino da , Matumoto Silvia
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the resistance to interprofessional collaboration in the professional practices of residents in primary health care. Method: Social and clinical qualitative research with 32 residents of a Multiprofessional Residency, carried out from 2017 to 2018. Data production included Institutional Analysis of Professional Practices, document analysis; investigator’s diary; and observation. Data were analyzed based on Institutional Analysis concepts. Results: There were contradictions between the reproduction of uniprofessional education with a focus on the specialty and interprofessional collaborative practices. The resistance analysis pointed to two axes: not-knowing as an analyzer of resistance to collaboration; interprofessional interference and knowledge-power relations. Residents’ practices were characterized as resistant to interprofessional collaboration. Conclusion: The resistance analysis in the Multiprofessional Residency showed integrative movements of assimilation and disputes with physician-centered power, with damage to the sharing of care and interprofessional communication. The collective analysis questioned health professionals education, revisiting the perspective of comprehensive care guided by the users’ needs.
Do boys with MAOA_LPR*2R allele present cognitive and learning impairments?
Authors: Silva Emanuelle de Oliveira , Carvalho André Henrique Barbosa de , Paiva Giulia Moreira , Jorge Carolina Andrade , Koltermann Gabriella , Salles Jerusa Fumagalli de , Haase Vitor Geraldi , Carvalho Maria Raquel Santos
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) polymorphisms have been associated with antisocial disorders. Less attention has been paid to the cognitive functioning of individuals with different MAOA alleles. No study has described the cognitive phenotype associated with the less frequent, low enzyme activity allele, MAOA_LPR*2R. Objective: We describe the cognitive correlates of boys having MAOA_LPR*2R allele, ascertained in a sample of school children with normal intelligence, not referred for behavioral disorders. Methods: Participants were eight boys, attending from the second to fifth grades in state-run schools. They were identified among 712 children with typical general cognitive ability, genotyped for MAOA_LPR polymorphism. Participants were assessed with general intelligence, mathematics and spelling achievement, and verbal and visuospatial working memory tests. Neuropsychological performance was compared to published standards, using 1 SD below the mean as a cutoff value for low performance. Results: Intelligence of boys with MAOA_LPR*2R allele varied from above average (N=2) to low average in the other children. Five out of eight boys with the MAOA_LPR*2R allele had low mathematics achievement, and three presented additional difficulties with spelling. Four out of eight children had low short-term and working memory performance. Discussion: This is the first study describing cognitive correlates and school performance in boys having the MAOA_LPR*2R allele. Having this allele, and therefore, probably low MAO-A activity, does not necessarily imply low intelligence or low school performance. However, learning difficulties, particularly in math, and low working memory performance were observed in boys having this allele. This suggests a role of MAOA in learning difficulties.
Fatigue in Brazilian patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Nassif Daniel Venturino , Pereira João Santos
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Fatigue is a non-motor symptom of high prevalence in Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, it is still unknown and neglected by health professionals. Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the prevalence of fatigue in patients with PD after excluding confounding factors, as well as its correlation with clinical and demographic data, and to find its negative impact on the quality of life of these patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 237 randomly selected patients. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 53 patients, who were then submitted to the Fatigue Severity Scale. Clinical and demographic data were also analyzed, comparing them between patients with and without fatigue. Results: We identified fatigue in 21 (39.62%) patients. Patients with and without fatigue had similar mean scores on the UPDRS-III (p=0.36), equivalent daily dose of levodopa (p=0.94), mean disease duration (p=0.43), and mean age (p<0.99). Fatigued patients had worse quality of life scores (PDQ-39) (p=0.00). We did not observe a correlation between fatigue, duration of illness (r=0.11; p=0.43), age (r=0.00; p=0.99), and UPDRS-III (r=0.20; p=0.16). Conclusions: Fatigue is a highly prevalent and independent symptom of PD. There is no correlation between age, mean duration of disease, motor impairment, and its presence. It has a negative impact on quality of life.
Compreendendo o sujeito em desenvolvimento na Psicologia Cultural da educação
Authors: XU Shuangshuang , WU Aruna , LI Xiaowen
Published: May 2022

Resumo A psicologia cultural da educação se esforça para compreender a posição do indivíduo em desenvolvimento. Este artigo procura interpretar a missão e a visão da psicologia cultural da educação no contexto da sociedade moderna, tendo em perspectiva uma tendência social individualizada e tecnomecanista. O conceito de “indivíduo contextualizado” é proposto como um aporte para conceituar a dependência relacional e contextual do sujeito em desenvolvimento. O artigo também reinterpreta Li e Xu “Pesquisa em psicologia do desenvolvimento baseada na prática educacional na China” de 2018, como um exemplo para explorar de que modo é possível utilizar a estrutura do “indivíduo contextualizado” para orientar pesquisas educacionais e estudos de intervenção, possibilitando generalizações teóricas em um ambiente educacional local.
Understanding the developing subject in the Cultural Psychology of education
Authors: XU Shuangshuang , WU Aruna , LI Xiaowen
Published: May 2022

Abstract Cultural psychology of education strives to understand the locality of the developing individual. This article tries to interpret the mission and vision of the cultural psychology of education in the background of modern society, with individualizing and techno-mechanistic social trends as its prominent feature. The concept of “contextualized individual” is proposed as a potential framework to conceptualize the relational and contextual dependence of the developing subject. The article also re-interprets Li and Xu’s 2018 paper “Developmental Psychology Research Based on Educational Practice in China” to explore how to use the framework of the “contextualized individual” to theoretically channel and generalize educational researches and interventional studies in a local educational setting.
GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTORS TO ACCESS BRAZILIAN OKRA GENOTYPES DIVERSITY
Authors: CARVALHO FÁBIO JANONI , MENDONÇA THIAGO FELLIPE NUNES DE , SIQUIEROLI ANA CAROLINA SILVA , MACIEL GABRIEL MASCARENHAS , CLEMENTE ANDRESSA ALVES
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Information of the variation for important morphological and physiological traits of okra is still limited. Molecular analysis is an important additional tool in germplasm characterization studies. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of the growth and yield of 20 pre-commercial okra accessions to identify molecular markers’ association with morphological traits. Nineteen morphological traits were measured with five qualitative and 14 quantitative descriptors. For analysis of genetic patterns Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used with nine primers and 24 usable bands. The genetic dissimilarity was evaluated based in morphological and genetic matrices. Also, graphical representation of genetic distances was obtained by UPGMA and Tocher’s optimization method. The morphological characterization of the accessions detected polymorphism for all evaluated traits. RAPD markers were efficient in detecting genetic variability among okra accessions. For the primers used in the experiment, only OPE10 did not amplify the DNA strand. The other eight primers produced a total of 35 bands, in which 25 were polymorphic and ten were monomorphic. The morphological traits and molecular markers identified wide genetic variability among the 20 okra accessions, indicating successful crosses in breeding programs and isolating some interesting materials. Morphological and molecular cluster analyses were complementary and helped in the genotype selection. Molecular analysis indicated some divergent accessions that were not found in morphological analysis, which could highlight some materials that have a desirable trait, that is difficult and highly costly to access in field experiments.
SOYBEAN YIELD UNDER NO-TILLAGE SYSTEM WITH AN EARLY Eleusine coracana FERTILIZATION
Authors: SEGATELLI CLÁUDIO ROBERTO , CÂMARA GIL MIGUEL DE SOUSA , AGUILA LÍLIA SICHMANN HEIFFIG-DEL , AGUILA JUAN SAAVEDRA DEL , FRANCISCO EROS ARTUR BOHAC , PIEDADE SÔNIA MARIA DE STEFANO
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT The possibility of early soybean fertilization carried out on the predecessor crop has several benefits, mainly operational ones, making the production system more conservationist and balanced. An experiment was carried out at the Anhumas Experimental Station, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ESALQ), located in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, during 2001/2002, 2002/2003, and 2003/2004 agricultural years on a typic Hapludox aiming to evaluate the effects of the early fertilization on soybean yield. The fertilization consisted of applying 90 kg ha−1 of P2O5, 50 kg ha−1 of K2O, and micronutrients (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and 12 treatments consisting of different levels of early soybean fertilization carried out on the finger millet crop: T1, no fertilization; T2, conventional soybean fertilization; T3, early 50% K fertilization; T4, early 100% K fertilization; T5, early 50% P fertilization; T6, early 50% P and K fertilization; T7, early 50% P and 100% K fertilization; T8, early 100% P fertilization; T9, early 100% P and 50% K fertilization; T10, early 100% P and K fertilization; T11, early 100% P and K fertilization + micronutrients; and T12, early leaf fertilization with micronutrients. The results showed that the early soybean sowing fertilization with phosphorus and potassium carried out during finger millet sowing does not interfere with the thousand-seed weight and soybean yield.
GENETIC PARAMETERS AND DIVERSITY, AND CORRELATIONS IN ONION STRAINS
Authors: SEGUNDO VANESSA CLÁUDIA VASCONCELOS , INNECCO RENATO , FREITAS JOELSON ANDRÉ , LIMA EVELINE NOGUEIRA , NOGUEIRA ANA PAULA OLIVEIRA , LUZ JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Plant breeding programs have been investing in the development of high commercial standard onions; thus, they depend on the genetic resources available for obtaining commercial hybrids. The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic parameters and diversity, and phenotypic and genotypic correlations of characters related to onion production. The experiment was conducted in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fifty-three onion strains were evaluated, and a randomized block design was used. The number of plant and bulb characteristics evaluated was 13. The statistical analyses were performed using Genes and R software. A genetic variability among the genotypes was found for most of the characters at 1% level of significance in the F test. The heritability of most characters presented moderate to high values (≥ 70%) and high CVg/CVe ratio (≥ 1). The UPGMA method separated the genotypes into 20 groups, while the Tocher method separated them into 19 groups. The groups that stood out were V, XIV, XV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, and XX. The results of t-test showed six significant phenotypic correlations with low to moderate degree of association, and the genotypic correlations, in most cases, were higher than the phenotypic ones and showed the same sign. From the genetic parameters studied, the possibility of gains in the selection is high. The separation of groups of divergent genitors was possible due to the wide genetic variability for the studied characters. Moreover, the phenotypic and genotypic correlations showed that indirect selection is not feasible.
PHYSICAL-HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES OF AN ULTISOL UNDER NO-TILLAGE AND CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION IN THE CERRADO
Authors: BARBOSA LEOVÂNIO RODRIGUES , DE OLIVEIRA FLÁVIO PEREIRA , DE SOUZA HENRIQUE ANTUNES , LEITE LUIZ FERNANDO CARVALHO , NUNES LUIS ALFREDO PINHEIRO LEAL
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Light soils are more susceptible to degradation and need to be exploited in a conservational manner, thus avoiding rapid degradation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical-hydraulic properties of an Ultisol under no-tillage and crop-livestock integration in the Cerrado of eastern Maranhão state, Brazil. The evaluated managements were one area under no-tillage system for fourteen years (soybean/ millet) and three areas with different histories of adoption of the crop-livestock integration (CLI) system under no-tillage (soybean/millet), with the difference being: times of entry with CLI (2, 4 and 8 years), as well as a native Cerrado area, considered a control. Soil collection was carried out in June 2018 at depths of 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.50 m. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected to determine the following variables: bulk density, porosity, resistance to penetration, retention curve and available water capacity. Data were subjected to the calculation of means and confidence intervals (95%). The area with a recent history of crop-livestock integration showed better density, porosity, resistance to penetration, water storage capacity and available water. No-tillage for fourteen years leads to high resistance to penetration, less porosity and low water storage capacity. The integrated system (CLI) improves the quality of the physical- hydraulic properties and the values found are similar to those observed in an area under native vegetation.