bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study Protocol: The Impact of Growth Charts and Nutritional Supplements on Child Growth in Zambia (ZamCharts): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fink Günther , Lauer Jacqueline M. , Locks Lindsey , Chembe Mpela , Henderson Savanna , Kumwenda Chiza , Sikazwe Dorothy , Bague Irene Falgas , Bilima-Mulenga Tamara , Parkerson Doug , Rockers Peter , Leppänen Jukka , Pyykkö Juha
Published: April 2023

Background:Almost a quarter of children under the age of five in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) currently experience growth faltering. Early childhood stunting (height/length-for-age z-score < -2) is associated with a range of adverse later life outcomes including reduced cognitive development, poor school achievement and increased probability of living in poverty as adults. Few effective interventions are currently available to address stunting in LMICs.Methods: We will conduct a 2x2 cluster-randomized factorial trial with ~2300 caregiver-child dyads residing in 280 communities (clusters) located in Luapula, Lusaka, and Southern Provinces of Zambia. Clusters will be randomized into four groups each comprising 70 clusters with ~560 caregiver-child dyads: i) a control group ii) a growth charts only group; iii) a small quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) only group; and iv) a growth charts + SQ-LNS group. Families in the growth charts groups (ii and iv) will receive a locally developed poster installed in their home that allows them to compare the height of their children to the World Health Organization’s international growth reference tables. The poster will also include health and nutrition messages for infants and young children in alignment with Ministry of Health recommended practices. Families in the SQ-LNS groups (iii and iv) will be given monthly rations (30 sachets) of SQ-LNS over a period of 18 months. Pediatric anthropometry and a caregiver survey will be conducted at baseline and endline. The primary study outcome is height-for-age z-score and stunting (HAZ < -2) after 18-months of intervention, when children will be between 24 and 36 months of age. Secondary outcomes will be anemia, weight-for-height, weight-for-age and child development. In a subsample we will also assess micronutrient status (Retinol-binding protein (RBP) for Vitamin A deficiency, ferritin for iron deficiency, and hemoglobin for anemia), inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP), α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP)), biomarkers of environmental enteric dysfunction, the composition of the bacterial community in the gut microbiome and saccadic reaction time (SRT), an eye-tracking measure of neural function.Discussion:This study was designed to assess the impact of growth charts as well as the extent to which early childhood growth faltering can be mitigated through SQ-LNS supplementation in three purposely selected highly diverse areas of Zambia.Trial registration:This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0512042. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05120427
Comparing the efficacy of five first-line treatment regimens for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jiang Shan , Xu Ximing , Xu Yangtao , Liu Xin , Chen Wenliang
Published: April 2023

Background: To find ideal treatment regimens in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) are clinically important. This study evaluated the efficacy of five first-line regimens in u-HCC patients at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, and 30-month overall survival (OS) to provide reference for rational clinical treatment.
Methods: We performed a systematic search using five databases. Screening and including qualified randomized controlled trials (RCT) regarding to the first-line regimens for unresectable HCC. Odds ratios (OR) were generated for dichotomous variants by network meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was OS, and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The software implemented was STATA 17.0 MP.
Results: Eventually, a total of six RCTs with five first-line regimens were included. HAIC-FO (OR=9.78, 95%CI: 4.21 to 22.69) was significantly superior to sorafenib on OS at 18th month. Concurrently, HAIC-FO (SUCRA=100%) had the highest ranking compared with the rest regimens. Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (OR=5.13, 95%CI: 2.28 to 11.54) showed significantly better efficacy compared with sorafenib on PFS at 12th month. Synchronously, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (SUCRA=87.3%) had the highest ranking.
Conclusion: For patients with u-HCC, The optimal regimen we recommend is treating with HAIC-FO until 18th month, followed by sequential therapy with donafenib. Furthermore, we need more head-to-head trials to confirm these findings.
The big five personality traits of medical students who choose community medicine career
Authors: Kanazawa Hirofumi , Yoshizawa Tomonari , Shimizu Ikuo
Published: April 2023

Background Personality traits may play a role in the likelihood of success in training and careers. If the characteristics of community medicine-oriented personalities can be identified, mismatches in the Regional Quota Program (RQP) on admission to medical school can be reduced.Methods This study analyzed the personality tendencies of community medicine-oriented students. All medical students (n = 750 of a medical school in Japan, who were selected into the RQP, RQP Without Loan [RQPWL], or standard program) were asked to complete the validated psychometric questionnaire to investigate the five major personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between personality traits and willingness to engage in community healthcare. We also assessed the association between personality traits and admissions programs.Results In total, 601 students completed the questionnaire. The RQPWL was associated with year (odds ratio [OR] 0.77), gender (OR 2.94), and extraversion (OR 0.91). The RQP was associated with gender (OR 1.76), extraversion (OR 0.91), and conscientiousness (OR 1.05). There were differences in the willingness to engage in community healthcare with respect to gender (OR 1.35), admission programs (OR 15.19 for the RQPWL, OR 31.85 for the RQP), extraversion (OR 0.90), openness to experience (OR 1.06), and agreeableness (OR 1.08).Conclusion Female students tended to be willing to engage in community medicine, and gender diversity can improve medical staff recruitment in rural areas. Fundamental differences were observed between the RQP and community medicine-oriented groups, demonstrating that the RQP may not adequately select students who want to engage in community medicine. A solution can be found by adjusting admissions to accept applicants with lower extraversion scores and enhancing openness to experience and agreeableness by providing cooperative learning education in medical schools.
Perspectives of U.S. harm reduction advocates on persuasive message strategies
Authors: White Sarah A , Lee Rachel , Kennedy-Hendricks Alene , Sherman Susan G , McGinty Emma E
Published: April 2023

Background. The messages used to communicate about harm reduction are critical in garnering public support for adoption of harm reduction interventions. Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of harm reduction interventions at reducing overdose deaths and disease transmission, the United States has been slow to adopt harm reduction to scale. Implementation of evidence-based interventions has been hindered by a historical framing of drug use as a moral failure and related stigmatizing attitudes among the public towards people who use drugs. Understanding how professional harm reduction advocates communicate to audiences about the benefits of harm reduction is a critical step to designing persuasive messaging strategies.Methods. We conducted qualitative interviews with a purposively recruited sample of U.S. professional harm reduction advocates (N = 15) to examine their perspectives on which types of messages are effective in persuading U.S. audiences on the value of harm reduction. Participants were professionals working in harm reduction advocacy at national- or state-level organizations promoting and/or implementing harm reduction. Semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a hybrid inductive/deductive approach.Results. Interviewees agreed that messages about the scientific evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of harm reduction approaches are important but insufficient, on their own, to persuade audiences. Interviewees identified two overarching messaging strategies they perceived as persuasive: using messages about harm reduction that align with audience-specific values, for example centering the value of life or individual redemption; and positioning harm reduction as part of the comprehensive solution to current issues audiences are facing related to drug use and overdose in their community. Interviewees discussed tailoring messages strategies to four key audiences: policymakers; law enforcement; religious groups; and the family and friends of people who use, or have used, drugs. For example, advocates discussed framing messages to law enforcement from the perspective of public safety.Conclusions. Interviewees viewed messages as most persuasive when they align with audience values and audience-specific concerns related to drug use and overdose death. Future research should test effectiveness of tailored messaging strategies to audiences using experimental approaches.
Tropopause folds over the Tibetan Plateau and their impact on water vapor in the upper troposphere-lower stratosphere
Authors: Zhang Yongpeng , Huang Qian , Guo Kun , Wang Mengyuan , Liao Huiren , Chou Yan , He Xin
Published: April 2023

As one of the most important greenhouse gases, water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) has a significant impact on the global earth-atmosphere system. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important high terrain which exerts a profound impact on the change of weather and climate, and mass exchange. Tropopause folds occur frequently over the TP due to the impact of the subtropical westerly jet, which affects water vapor transport between the stratosphere and the troposphere. In this paper, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of tropopause folds over the TP are examined by applying an improved three-dimensional (3D) labeling algorithm to the ERA5 reanalysis data (1979 to 2019). The effects of different fold depths in various regions over the TP on the variations of UTLS water vapor are further studied. The results of a case study (25 February 2008) suggest that there is a good continuity in identification of the fold depth for the same fold event using the improved 3D labeling algorithm. The fold depth and height are consistent with the results of radiosonde data and ERA5 reanalysis data. The fold frequency over the TP shows an increasing trend in the last 41 years, with slightly lower frequency of medium folds than that of shallow folds, and lowest frequency of deep folds. There is increasing water vapor in the UTLS over the TP due to tropopause folds. The results indicate that tropopause folds enhance the horizontal divergence of water vapor in the UTLS and increase the vertical water vapor flux in the UTLS region. The folding over the plateau leads to increased moisture in the UTLS. It is argued that vertical velocity anomalies in the vicinity of the fold and subgrid perturbations have a significant impact on the increase of UTLS water vapor over the TP. The results of this work provide a scientific basis for a better understanding of the stratosphere-troposphere exchanges due to tropopause folds over the TP.
Four families with X-linked intellectual disability affected males: Novel deleterious variants and clinical features with the review of literature
Authors: Mir Atefeh , Song Yongjun , Lee Hane , Khanahmad Hossein , Khorram Erfan , Nasiri Jafar , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad-Amin
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous condition affecting brain development, function, and/or structure. The X-linked mode of inheritance of ID (X-linked intellectual disability; XLID) has a prevalence of 1.7 out of 1000 in males. Exome sequencing technology has revolutionized the process of disease-causing gene discovery in XLID. Nevertheless, so many of them still remain with unknown etiology. This study investigated four families with severe XLID to identify deleterious variants for possible diagnostics and prevention aims.Methods Nine male patients, their siblings, and the parents of four pedigrees were included in this study. The patients were studied genetically for Fragile X syndrome, followed by whole exome sequencing and analysis of intellectual disability-related genes variants. Sanger sequencing, co-segregation analysis, structural modeling, and in silico analysis were done to verify the causative variants. In addition, we collected data from previous studies to compare and situate our work in relation to existing knowledge.Results We found three novel deleterious variants in three different genes, including ZDHHC9 (p. Leu189Pro), ATP2B3 (p. Asp847Glu), and GLRA2 (p. Arg350Cys) with new clinical features and a reported pathogenic variant in the L1CAM (p. Glu309Lys) gene related to new clinical findings.Conclusion The current study's findings expand the existing knowledge of variants of the genes implicated in XLID and extend the spectrum of phenotypes associated with the related conditions. The data has implications for genetic diagnosis and counseling.
A Dynamic Disadvantage? Social Perceptions of Dynamic Morphed Emotions Differ from Videos and Photos
Authors: Becker Casey , Conduit Russell , Chouinard Philippe A , Laycock Robin
Published: April 2023

Dynamic face stimuli are increasingly used in face perception research, as increasing evidence shows they are perceived differently from static photographs. One popular method for creating dynamic faces is the dynamic morph, which can animate the transition between expressions by blending photographs together. Although morphs offer increased experimental control, their unnatural motion differs from the biological facial motion captured in video recordings. This study aimed to compare ratings of emotion intensity and genuineness in video recordings, dynamic morphs, and static photographs of happy, sad, fearful, and angry expressions. We found that video recordings were perceived to have greater emotional intensity than dynamic morphs, and video recordings of happy expressions were perceived as more genuine compared to happy dynamic morphs. Unexpectedly, static photographs and video recordings had similar ratings for genuineness and intensity. Overall, these results suggest that dynamic morphs may not be an appropriate substitute for video recordings, as they may elicit misleading dynamic effects.
Cytotoxic Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol – Magnetite Composite
Authors: Ramos Karla Baca , Armendariz Imelda Olivas , González Christian Chapa , Álvarez Vera A. , García-Casillas Perla E.
Published: April 2023

Magnetite-PVA (MPVA) hydrogel has the ability to absorb and release water, making it a promising candidate for drug delivery applications. One important consideration for these systems is cytotoxicity, or the potential harm to cells. In this study, the cytotoxicity of MPVA hydrogel was evaluated in relation to the magnetite content, using 3T3 fibroblast cells. The results showed that MPVA hydrogel with magnetite nanoparticles was compatible with the cells and did not cause cell death. The presence of magnetite nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix of PVA did not significantly affect the cytotoxicity of the hydrogel, as determined by the Student's t-test, which showed no significant difference in cytotoxicity with varying incubation times. However, it should be noted that the degradation products of PVA did alter the levels of natural reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the system
A New Approach For Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease Diagnosis By LncRNA Profiling Of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells -Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Liu Xuyang , Xiong Feng , Mao Rui , Tan Kunyue , Zhang Lijuan , Zhao Ruohan , Liu Chunxia , Liu Yanjun , Li Yi , Zhang Tongtong
Published: April 2023

Background:
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many physiological processes and have also been reported to play an essential role in cardiovascular diseases. However, lncRNAs have not been used as a serological marker to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) in clinics.
Methods:
We employed a lncRNA microarray to analyse lncRNA expression in monocyte small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from three CAD patients and three healthy controls. We validated the differential expression of lncRNA in both plasma and monocyte sEVs by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). We also evaluated the ability of lncRNA to diagnose CAD by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis in plasma and monocytes sEVs. Combined with lncRNA expression, a diagnostic prediction model of CAD was constructed using the Random Forest and nomogram analysis.
Result:
The results showed 89 upregulated lncRNAs and 211 downregulated lncRNAs in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease relative to the control group. SNAR-E upregulation and RPL34-AS1 downregulation were the most evident findings. SNAR-E expression was associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. RP34L-AS1 expression was associated with age combined with DM, TC, HDL-C, and lipoprotein (a). Moreover, whether in the plasma or sEVs, SNAR-E and RP34L-AS1 diagnosed CAD with high sensitivity and specificity. The prediction model showed arobust diagnosticc ability and stability.
Conclusion:
SNAR-E and RPL34-AS1 in sEVs or plasma have higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing CAD than conventional electrocardiogram (ECG), dynamic ECG, or the treadmill exercise tests. The diagnosis model comprising these two molecules showed considerable accuracy and stability, and may assist in the early diagnosis of CAD and support clinical guidance.
Novel insights into somatic comorbidities in children and adolescents across psychiatric diagnoses: an explorative study
Authors: Muskens Jet B. , Ester Wietske A. , Klip Helen , Dongen-Boomsma Martine van , Staal Wouter G.
Published: April 2023

Many children with psychiatric disorders display somatic symptoms, although these are frequently overlooked. As somatic morbidity early in life negatively influences long-term outcomes, it is relevant to assess comorbidity. However, studies of simultaneous psychiatric and somatic assessment in children are lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of somatic comorbidities in a clinical sample of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders in a naturalistic design. Data were assessed from 276 children with various psychiatric disorders (neurodevelopmental disorders, affective disorders, eating disorders and psychosis) aged 6–18 years. These data were collected as part of routine clinical assessment, including physical examination and retrospectively analyzed. For a subsample (n = 97), blood testing on vitamin D3, lipid spectrum, glucose and prolactin was available. Results of this cross-sectional study revealed that food intake problems (43%) and insomnia (66%) were common. On physical examination, 20% of the children were overweight, 12% displayed obesity and 38% had minor physical anomalies. Blood testing (n = 97) highlighted vitamin D3 deficiency (< 50 nmol/L) in 73% of the children. None of the predefined variables (gender, age, medication and socioeconomic factors) contributed significantly to the prevalence of somatic comorbidities. The main somatic comorbidities in this broad child- and adolescent psychiatric population consisted of (1) problems associated with food intake, including obesity and vitamin D3 deficiency and (2) sleeping problems, mainly insomnia. Child and adolescent psychiatrists need to be aware of potential somatic comorbidities and may promote a healthy lifestyle.
Sustainable biopolymer coupled silver nanoparticles synthesis, characterization and their efficacy in wound healing
Authors: Kurjogi Mahantesh , Masaphy Segula , Kaulgud Ram S. , Teradal Nagappa , Vanti Gulamnabi
Published: April 2023

Silver is traditionally known for its antimicrobial activity, especially in the treatment of topical wound infections. However, its application in wound infection is limited because of its toxicity to cells. Thus, it is essential to develop an effective biocompatible method to minimize the toxicity of silver and promote wound healing activity. In this study, chitosan-coupled silver nanoparticles were synthesized in a sustainable manner, and their physicochemical characterization revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles were 14–30 nm nearly spherical in shape with a positive surface charge. The functional group and crystalline nature of nanoparticles were confirmed by FT-IR and XRD studies. Subsequently, nanoparticles showed potent efficiency against clinical pathogens S. aureus and E. coli. Furthermore, cytotoxicity and a wound healing assay against HEK 293 and L292 cells revealed the nontoxic nature of nanoparticles to mammalian cells and also that nanoparticles have the efficacy to heal wounds efficiently. Overall, the current study emphasizes that simple routed Ch-AgNPs could be used in the management of topical wound infections whereby these nanoparticles not only inhibit the growth of infectious pathogens but also promote the proliferation of the cells to the wound area.
Energy-based design procedure for self-centering shear wall systems
Authors: Song Ge , Xing Lili
Published: April 2023

Self-centering shear wall systems (SCSWSs) exhibit superior aseismic capacities with low-damage and self-centering features. However, the cumulative effect under long-period earthquakes would diminish robustness of the system and lead to increased unrecoverable damages. Thus, it should be considered in seismic designs for SCSWSs. This paper proposes an energy-based design procedure (EBDP) applicable to the Chinese code for SCSWSs. The hysteretic energy demand EH is introduced as a critical design index to account for cumulative effects, which is quantified considering both the structural features and soil types specified in the Chinese code. Meanwhile, the desired damage state is considered explicitly by assigning a performance-based damage index in the procedure. EBDP enables designers to conduct multi-level designs for SCSWSs by selecting different performance objectives under multiple seismic intensities. A design example is performed to verify the applicability and reasonability of the proposed EBDP. The performance of the designed SCSWS is evaluated and compared with a SCSWS designed by direct displacement-based design method (DDBD). Results indicate that EBDP designed structure exhibits better aseismic capacity with more controllable damage development. Structural responses are in good accordance with design performance objectives, implying that the proposed EBDP can provide reasonable design results for SCSWSs.
Turkey Adenovirus 3: ORF1 Gene Sequence Comparison Between Vaccine-Like and Field Strains
Authors: Quaglia Giulia , Francesco Antonietta Di , Catelli Elena , Mescolini Giulia , Lupini Caterina
Published: April 2023

Haemorrhagic enteritis is an economically significant disease reported in the majority of the countries where turkeys are raised intensively; it is caused by turkey adenovirus 3 (TAdV-3). The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the ORF1 gene 3′ region from turkey haemorrhagic enteritis virus (THEV) vaccine-like and field strains in order to develop a molecular diagnostic method to differentiate the strains from each other. Eighty samples were analysed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses using a new set of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers targeting a genomic region spanning the partial ORF1, hyd and partial IVa2 gene sequences. A commercial live vaccine was also included in the analysis. The results showed that 56 of the 80 sequences obtained in this study showed ³99.8% nucleotide identity with the homologous vaccine strain sequence. Three non-synonymous mutations – ntA1274G (aaI425V), ntA1420C (aaQ473H) and ntG1485A (aaR495Q) – were detected in the THEV field strains but not in the vaccine strain. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the clustering of the field and vaccine-like strains in different phylogenetic branches. In conclusion, the method employed in this study could be a useful tool towards making a correct diagnosis. The data could contribute to the knowledge of field distribution of THEV strains and increase the limited existing information available on native isolates around the world.
Assessment of mitral valve geometry in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with or without ventricular dysfunction: insights from high volume rate three- dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Bai Wenjuan , Chen Yin , Zhong Yue , Deng Ling , Li Dayan , Zhu Wei , Rao Li
Published: April 2023

Aims Meticulous understanding of the mechanisms underpinning mitral regurgitation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is crucial to optimize therapeutic strategies. The morphologic characteristics of mitral valves in atrial functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) patients with and without left ventricular (LV) dysfunction were evaluated by high volume rate (HVR) three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE).Methods and results Of 265 AF patients who underwent 3D-TEE, 68 were retrospectively selected, including 36 patients with AF, FMR, and preserved LV function (AFMR group) and 32 patients with AF, FMR, and LV dysfunction (VFMR group). In addition, 36 fever patients without heart disease were included in the control group. The left atrium (LA) was enlarged in the AFMR and VFMR groups compared with the control group. The mitral annulus (MA) in the AFMR group was enlarged and flattened compared with the control group and was smaller than in the VFMR group. The annulus area fraction was significantly diminished in the AFMR and VFMR groups, indicative of reduced MA contractility. The posterior mitral leaflet (PML) angle was smallest in the AFMR group and largest in the control group, whereas the distal anterior mitral leaflet angle did not significantly differ among the three groups.Conclusion HVR 3D-TEE improves the 3D temporal resolution greatly. LA remodeling causes expansion of the MA and reduced MA contractility, disruption of the annular saddle shape, and atriogenic PML tethering. Finally, atrial FMR occurs. Comparison of atrial FMR patients with and without LV dysfunction indicates that atriogenic PML tethering is an important factor that aggravates FMR.
Titration of oncogenic RAS alters senescent state and influences tumour initiation
Authors: Narita Masashi , Chan Adelyne , Zhu Haoran , Narita Masako , Cassidy Liam , Young Andrew , Bermejo-Rodriguez Camino , Janowska Aleksandra , oshimori Naoki , Zender Lars , Aitken Sarah , Hoare Matthew
Published: April 2023

Oncogenic RAS-induced senescence (OIS) is an autonomous tumour suppressor mechanism associated with pre-malignancy1-3. Achieving this phenotype typically requires a high level of oncogenic stress, yet the phenotype provoked by lower oncogenic dosage remains unclear. Here we develop oncogenic RAS-dose escalation models in vitro and in vivo, revealing a RAS-dose-driven non-linear continuum of downstream phenotypes. In a hepatocyte OIS model in vivo, where ectopic expression of NRASG12V fails to induce tumours in part due to OIS-driven immune clearance4. scRNA-seq analyses reveal distinct hepatocyte clusters with typical OIS or progenitor-like features, corresponding to high- and intermediate-NRASG12V levels, respectively. Remarkably, when titered down, NRASG12V-expressing hepatocytes become immune-resistant, and develop tumours. Time-series monitoring at single-cell resolution identifies two distinct tumour types: early-onset aggressive undifferentiated and late-onset differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The molecular signature of each murine tumour type is associated with different progenitor features and enriched in distinct human HCC subclasses. Our results define the oncogenic dosage-driven OIS spectrum, reconciling the senescence and tumour initiation phenotypes in early tumorigenesis.
Status, associated factors, and reasons for bypassing the childbirth center among postpartum women in the Dire Dawa Administration, Ethiopia: A Mixed Study
Authors: Mohammed Aminu , Mosa Hassen , Hailu Mickiale , Getnet Tewodros , Manaye Yibekal
Published: April 2023

Background Childbirth in nearby health facilities is an important strategy to reduce complications for mothers and newborns, including death. Bypassing nearby birthing health facilities is common in developing countries. However, there is a lack of data in the study area on the extent and reasons for bypassing. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing these gaps.Methods A facility-based mixed study was conducted at the Dire Dawa administration, Ethiopia, from December 1–30, 2022. Simple random (quantitative) and purposive (qualitative) sampling techniques were used. Data were collected through interviews using structured (quantitative) and semi-structured (qualitative) questionnaires. Quantitative data were entered and cleaned by Epi DATA (Version 3.1) and analyzed using SPSS (Version 22). A P-value of 0.05 or less at multivariate with 95% confidence intervals was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed.Results 635 participants (quantitative) and twelve for the qualitative analysis were included. The overall bypass was 30.9%. Higher age group (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.43–3.82), rural residence (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.11–3.22), no formal education (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.23–4.16), obstetric care needs during antenatal care (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.33–4.22), and health professionals’ behavior (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.99–4.78) were associated with a higher likelihood of bypassing.Conclusion Bypassing childbirth health facilities was moderate. Perception, health professionals, and facility-related factors were the main identified themes in the qualitative results. Stakeholders recommended improving obstetrics services and researchers conducting additional research.
Fixed points of single and multivalued mappings in metric spaces with applications
Authors: Pant Rajendra , Khantwal Deepak
Published: April 2023

We point out that certain facts presents in Bisht [Comment on: A new fixed point theorem in the fractal space, Indag. Math. (N.S.) 29 (2018)] were incorrect. We also present new existence results for single and multivalued mappings in metric spaces on very general settings. Some illustrative examples are presented to validate our theorems. Finally, we discuss an application to the Volterra-type integral inclusions.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47H10; Secondary 54H25.
How to stabilize the output of a time delay distributed bilinear system and application to regional stabilization
Authors: Zerrik E. , Akoubi A. , Aadi A. Ait
Published: April 2023

The current study focuses on the output stabilization of infinite dimensional bilinear system with time delay. We demonstrate weak stabilization under weak observability conditions, while exponential and strong stabilization can be achieved under the exact observability condition. Applications to regional stabilization through examples are given and illustrative simulations are included to affirm the accuracy of the theoretical results.
M.S.C: 93D15
Two-dimensional simulation of Argon dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in plasma actuator structure with COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Mehrabifard Ramin
Published: April 2023

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma is used for various applications. DBD is also one of the most efficient and low-cost methods for active fluid flow control. In this study, a detailed physical model of DBD in atmospheric pressure at 1kV DC voltage is developed with COMSOL Multiphysics software. Argon gas is also used as a background gas and electrodes are assumed to be copper. Plasma parameters such as electron and ion density, electric field, potential, and temperature for different distances of electrodes (1.0mm, 0.9mm, 0.8mm) have been investigated. Moreover, the effect of dielectric type (Quartz, Silica Glass, Mica) on these key parameters is investigated. The results of the simulation show that the longitudinal distance of the buried electrodes to the exposed electrodes has a direct influence on parameters such as electron temperature, and electron and ion density which are the main factors of fluid flow control. These parameters have the maximum value when mica is used as a dielectric and the lowest value when silica glass is utilized.
Awake Craniotomy During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of The Published Literature
Authors: Mofatteh Mohammad , Mashayekhi Mohammad Sadegh , Arfaie Saman , Wei Hongquan , Kazerouni Arshia , Skandalakis Georgios , Pour-Rashidi Ahmad , Baiad Abed , Elkaim Lior , Lam Jack , Palmisciano Paolo , Su Xiumei , Liao Xuxing , Backman Steven , Das Sunit , Ashkan Keyoumars , Cohen-Gadol Aaron
Published: April 2023

Purpose Neurosurgical pathologies in pregnancy pose significant complications for the patient and fetus, and physiological stressors during anesthesia and surgery may lead to maternal and fetal complications. Awake craniotomy (AC) can preserve neurological functions while reducing exposure to anesthetic medications. We reviewed the literature investigating AC during pregnancy.Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from the inception to February 7th, 2023, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Studies in English investigating AC in pregnant patients were included in the final analysis.Results Nine studies composed of nine pregnant patients and ten fetuses (one twin-gestating patient) were included. Glioma was the most common pathology reported in six (66.7%) patients. The frontal lobe was the most involved region (4 cases, 44.4%), followed by the frontoparietal region (2 cases, 22.2%). The awake-awake-awake approach was the most common protocol in seven (77.8%) studies. The shortest operation time was two hours, whereas the longest one was eight hours and 29 minutes. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 13.6 ± 6.5 (2–22) and 19.6 ± 6.9 (9–30) weeks at craniatomy. Seven (77.8%) studies employed intraoperative fetal heart rate monitoring. None of the AC procedures was converted to general anesthesia. Ten healthy babies were delivered from patients who underwent AC.Conclusions In experienced hands, AC for resection of cranial lesions in pregnant patients is safe and feasible and does not alter the pregnancy outcome.
Decoding Range Variability in Electric Vehicles: Unravelling the Influence of Cell-to-Cell Parameter Variation and Pack Configuration
Authors: Singh Sourabh , Mandal Sarbani , Mulpuri Sai Krishna , Sah Bikash , Kumar Praveen
Published: April 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly growing in popularity, but range variability has become an important research area with significant implications for EV performance, usability, and overall market adoption. This study aims to unravel the complexities of range variability by examining the contributing factors and offering innovative strategies to mitigate these differences during pack design. Through a detailed analysis of cell parameter deviation, cell connections, battery configuration, battery pack size, and driving behavior, the research illuminates their impact on extractable energy and driving range. The study employed a comprehensive approach and conducted systematic simulation-based experimentation to identify the optimal battery pack configuration based on maximum extractable energy, minimal variability and maximum range. The results reveal insights into the relationship between discharge rate and battery pack performance, and the impact of cell parameter variations on pack energy output. This research advances the understanding of EV performance optimisation, reduces pack-to-pack variability, and extends battery pack lifespan.
An upper bound for the Erd\H{o}s unit distance problem in the plane
Authors: Agama Theophilus
Published: April 2023

In this paper, using the method of compression, we prove a stronger upper bound for the Erd\H{o}s unit distance problem in the plane by showing that\begin{align}\# \bigg\{||\vec{x_j}-\vec{x_t}||:\vec{x}_t, \vec{x_j}\in \mathbb{E}\subset \mathbb{R}^2,~||\vec{x_j}-\vec{x_t}||=1,~1\leq t,j \leq n\bigg\}\ll_2 n^{1+o(1)}.\nonumber \end{align}
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 54C40, 14E20; Secondary 46E25, 20C20.
The role of sticky cost behavior in supply chain management: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine the relationship between sticky cost behavior and supply chain management of Jordanian manufacturing firms. The data are collected using a questionnaire targeting 25 Jordanian manufacturing firms. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and correlation. The results reveal a positive relationship between supply chain management and sticky cost behavior (the correlation factor is 81.2%), indicating that the higher the level of sticky costs, the higher the supply chain management level. Moreover, the study found a positive and significant link between target costing and supply chain management (the correlation factor is 68.1%). The findings suggest that manufacturing companies in Jordan should consider the impact of sticky cost behavior on their supply chain management practices and that target costing can be an effective approach to improve supply chain management. The study adds to the previous studies on cost behavior and supply chain management, providing insights for manufacturing companies in Jordan and beyond on improving their supply chain management practices.
Acknowledgment I want to thank Amman Arab University for funding this study.
Music Video as a Poetic Interpretation
Authors: Bodyanskaya Alisa , Sinegubova Kapitalina
Published: April 2023

This article introduces the phenomenon of videopoetry as a hybrid product of mass media whose popularity is based on intermediality, i.e., the cumulative effect on different perception channels. Videopoetry is a productive form of verbal creativity in the contemporary media culture with its active reception of art. The research featured poems by W. B. Yeats, T. S. Eliot, and W. H. Auden presented as videos and the way they respond to someone else's poetic word. The authors analyzed 15 videos by comparing the original text and the video sequence in line with the method developed by N. V. Barkovskaya and A. A. Zhitenev. The analysis revealed several options for relaying a poetic work as a music video. Three videos provided a direct illustration of the source text, suggesting a complete or partial visual duplication of the original poetic imagery. Five videos offered an indirect illustration of the source text by using associative images in relation to the central images of the poem. Five videos gave a minimal illustration: the picture did not dominate the text of the poem, but its choice implied a certain interpretation. Two videos featured the video maker as a reciter. The video makers did not try to transform the poetic text but used the video sequence as a way to enter into a dialogue with the original poem or resorted to indirect illustration to generate occasional meanings. Thus, video makers keep the original text unchanged and see the video sequence and musical accompaniment as their responsibility but maintain a dialogue between the original text and its game reinterpretation.
Functional Patterns of Russian Participles: National Corpus of the Russian Language
Authors: Radchenko Anastasiya
Published: April 2023

The Internet is a source of quantitative information for quantitative morphological research. This article introduces the possibilities for using the National Corpus of the Russian Language to define the quantitative indicators of Russian participles. This approach made it possible to correlate the frequency and patterns of participles based on the search options provided by the Corpus. The research featured participial contexts extracted by continuous sampling from Russian fiction. The methodology included the quantitative-morphological analysis, comparative-comparative method, and descriptive-analytical method. Internet search proved to be a reliable source of linguistic material suitable for identifying the usage frequency of a certain participial form and its speech patterns. The method may be used to profile participial patterns in fiction texts.
Messengers and Social Networks as an Auxiliary Means of Teaching a Foreign Language to Students of Non-Linguistic Majors
Authors: Gartung Stella
Published: April 2023

Modern linguistic didactics focuses on the efficiency of the existing methods of teaching a foreign language while looking for new digital means. The article reviews the use of messengers and social networks as a modern auxiliary means in teaching a foreign language, especially to students of non-linguistic majors. Social networks are able to immerse the student in the linguistic environment through the means of Internet communication, Internet memes, emojis, etc. They provide interactive tools that simulate routine and professional communicative situations. Messengers also provide an opportunity for real-time academic communication. By integrating media applications in the academic routine, teachers employ a personal-activity approach to develop soft skills and self skills. This approach offers authentic relevant materials, modern vocabulary, and a convenient accessible format. It also reduces stress level and enables simultaneous mastering of information, communication, and professional competencies while increasing motivation for learning a foreign language.
Developing the Intercultural Communicative Competence in Modern Conditions: Neuro-Didactic Approach, Neural Networks, and Social Networks
Authors: Kravchenko Ol'ga
Published: April 2023

The article focuses on the link between neuro-didactics and the intercultural communicative competence. As an interdisciplinary field, neuro-didactics combines brain research and didactics in teaching Russian as a foreign language. The review covers relevant publications on modern scientific approaches to teaching a foreign language with the help of neuro-didactics. The author examined various issues connected with teaching Russian to foreigners to describe the most effective neuro-didactic methods of developing the intercultural communicative competence, e.g., the effect of certain hormones on learning, etc. Neuroscience data, social networks, messengers, and mass media provide a more effective academic process, facilitate language learning, and increase the effectiveness of teaching methods. Thus, basic neuro-didactics should be taught to future foreign language teachers. By understanding the mechanisms and nature of neural plasticity, they may develop new effective teaching and learning methods.
Design of hydrodynamic cavitation-based advanced oxidation process for degradation of recalcitrant micropollutants originating from tertiary effluent streams: a case study with norfloxacin
Authors: Mishra Birupakshya , Thaker Abhishek , Mukherjee Anupam , Mullick Aditi , Roy Subhankar , Moulik Siddhartha
Published: April 2023

Treatment of micropollutants even after tertiary treatment and developing cost-effective, sustainable and energy-efficient technology for the same still remains an active area of research. The present study reports the feasibility and efficacy of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC)-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the degradation of norfloxacin. Experiments using HC were carried out in a sequential manner starting with the optimization of the cavitating device (orifice plate) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) followed by optimizing the operational parameters such as pH, inlet pressure and initial concentration. An experimental study revealed that under optimized conditions of pH – 2, inlet pressure – 6 bar and initial conc – 250 μg/L, NRF degradation of 22.26% was obtained using HC in an experimental run of 60 min. For further improvement of the HC process, experiments were carried out by integrating with H2O2, O3 and Fenton's reagent. Under the optimized conditions, integrating with H2O2, O3 and Fenton's reagent enhanced the extent of NRF degradation. The energetics of the process was further evaluated to understand the techno-economic viability. The study revealed that HC + H2O2 consumed less energy of 8.01 kWh/m3 at the economics of Rs. 82.53/m3. Thus, HC combined with oxidizing agents can be a novel technique in the genre of AOP for the degradation of micropollutants.
Respecting local knowledge keepers through cellphilms featuring local water bodies: towards decolonizing water management
Authors: Van Borek S. , Abrams A. L.
Published: April 2023

This paper outlines arts-based methods aimed at exploring how storytelling with local knowledge keepers (KKs) through cellphilms featuring local waterways might contribute to decolonizing water management by uncovering different values of and relationships with water. We define ‘knowledge keepers’ as people who have an existing relationship with a particular water body and whose knowledge and expertise with respect to the water body emerge from lived experience and not academic scholarship or technical training. We provide insights into and analyse a graduate curriculum enacted in South Africa, where students, through encounters with local KKs and water bodies, made cellphilms presenting their own water narratives and screened these for the public. Cellphilms, as participatory visual methods in research and teaching, are used to explore learning experiences for students and KKs, and the resulting cellphilms become places of knowledge transfer. We outline our theoretical and methodological approaches as they relate to our goals of decolonizing expertise in higher education learning and addressing multiple types of water-related values.
Momentos subversivos: desafiando as tradições da história constitucional
Authors: Patricia A. Cain , Linda K. Kerber
Published: April 2023

O texto explora os desdobramentos teóricos e metodológicos do curso “Gênero e História Constitucional”, ministrado e criado pelas professoras Patricia A. Cain e Linda K. Kerber. Há dois momentos, um sobre levantamento histórico dos cursos de Gênero e o Direito e similares; o outro, com análise de casos utilizados no próprio curso ministrado, tendo sempre como pano de fundo as interseções entre a história, o Direito Constitucional e as lutas feministas. O primeiro, Coger vs North West Union Packet Co; o segundo, Coggeshall vs Cidade de Des Moin; por fim, Green vs Shama. Ao revisitar a história do movimento feminista, tendo como objeto o Direito e suas matizes, as autoras encontraram achados sobre a ocultação de elementos da história feminista. Além disso, o texto possui um caráter pedagógico acentuado por estar sempre cruzando os achados teóricos com os feedbacks dos alunos e da experiência em sala de aula com o curso. Ele serve, também, como incentivo para que mais cursos nesse estilo sejam ministrados. Uma vez que, explorar a história constitucional do feminismo se mostrou uma forma muito eficaz (e reprodutível) de ser subversivo. O trabalho foi publicado em 2002, mas continua extremamente atual.