bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrative Analysis Revealed LINC00847 as a Potential Target of Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Xiujuan , Zhang Le
Published: March 2023

Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common form of lung cancer and has a low 5-year survival rate. Therefore, much more research is needed to identify cancer biomarkers, promote biomarker-driven therapy and improve treatment outcomes. LncRNAs have been reported to participate in various physiological and pathological processes, especially in cancer, and thus have attracted much attention. In this study, lncRNAs were screened from the single-cell RNA-seq dataset CancerSEA. Among them, four lncRNAs (HCG18, NNT-AS1 and LINC00847 and CYTOR) were closely associated with the prognosis of LUAD patients according to Kaplan–Meier analysis. Further study explored the correlations between these four lncRNAs and immune cell infiltration in cancer. In LUAD, LINC00847 was positively correlated with the immune infiltration of B cells, CD8 T cells, and dendritic cells. LINC00847 decreased the expression of PD-L1, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy-related gene, which suggests that LINC00847 is a potential new target for tumor immunotherapy.
Death from exsanguination due to power drill injuries in a complex suicide: a case report
Authors: Ledinek Živa , Kadiš Peter , Golec Tina Čakš
Published: March 2023

We present a case of a complex suicide of a 66-year-old man with a history of several psychiatric disorders. He attempted to commit suicide by inflicting cut wounds on his forearms, wrists, and neck but afterwards changed the method of suicide by using an electric power drill. After several unsuccessful attempts to drill a hole in either his head, thorax, or abdomen, he managed to perforate the common carotid artery on the right side of his neck and subsequently died from exsanguination.
Experience of loneliness on well-being among young individuals: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Binte Mohammad Adib Nuryn Aqidah , Sabharwal Jagdeep Kaur
Published: March 2023

A systematic scoping review was conducted to explore the current evidence on the experience of loneliness influencing well-being among youths. The electronic databases Scopus, APA PsycINFO, Emerald Insight and One Search were used to identify relevant studies, followed by an analysis of the text words contained in the title and abstract, and of the index terms used to describe the article. Reference lists of all shortlisted articles were searched for additional studies. 20 studies (quantitative, qualitative and mixed) published in the English language were identified for inclusion. Findings illustrate that the experience of loneliness is a complex, evolutionary process influenced by relational and environmental factors. Results from the studies identified factors that promote lower experience of loneliness and better well-being in future life stages. Future research can substantiate the issues related to young individuals being socially isolated from others for a prolonged duration.
Minimal residual disease detection by mutation-specific droplet digital PCR for leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Shirai Ryota , Osumi Tomoo , Keino Dai , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Uchiyama Toru , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Hiwatari Mitsuteru , Yoshida Masanori , Yoshida Kaoru , Yamada Yuji , Tomizawa Daisuke , Takae Seido , Kiyokawa Nobutaka , Matsumoto Kimikazu , Yoshioka Takako , Hata Kenichiro , Hori Toshinori , Suzuki Nao , Kato Motohiro
Published: March 2023

Minimal residual disease (MRD) is usually defined as the small number of cancer cells that remain in the body after treatment. The clinical significance of MRD kinetics is well recognized in treatment of hematologic malignancies, particularly acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Real time quantitative PCR targeting immunoglobulin (Ig) or T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement (PCR-MRD), as well as multiparametric flow cytometric analysis targeting antigen expression, are widely used in MRD detection. In this study, we devised an alternative method to detect MRD using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), targeting somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs). This ddPCR-based method (ddPCR-MRD) had sensitivity up to 1E-4. We assessed ddPCR-MRD at 26 time points from eight T-ALL patients, and compared it to the results of PCR-MRD. Almost all results were concordant between the two methods, but ddPCR-MRD detected micro-residual disease that was missed by PCR-MRD in one patient. We also measured MRD in stored ovarian tissue of four pediatric cancer patients, and detected 1E-2 of submicroscopic infiltration. Considering the universality of ddPCR-MRD, the methods can be used as a complement for not only ALL, but also other malignant diseases regardless of tumor-specific Ig/TCR or surface antigen patterns.
Electrical rock typing using Gaussian mixture model to determine cementation factor
Authors: Najafi-Silab Reza , Soleymanzadeh Aboozar , Kolah-kaj Parvin , Kord Shahin
Published: March 2023

Many studies have worked on the estimation of fluid saturation as an important petrophysical property in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Based on Archie's law, proper determination of cementation factor (m) can lead to accurate values of water saturation. Given that the m is mainly affected by electrical properties of rock, electrical quality index (EQI) can be used to estimate m through a novel rock typing technique. Despite the efficient applicability of EQI for the classification of rocks, with similar electrical behaviors, into distinct electrical rock types (ERTs), manual implementation of this method is time-consuming and gets excessively more difficult for larger datasets. In this work, a fast automated version of EQI methodology was presented. As a fuzzy clustering algorithm, Gaussian mixture model (GMM) was implemented on a large quantity of carbonate and sandstone samples to cluster them into distinct ERTs based on EQI values. To this end, 100 data points were randomly selected for testing purposes, and the remaining data points were used as training subsets for carbonate and sandstone samples. An innovative hybrid EQI-GMM approach was developed to determine the optimum number of clusters. Furthermore, results of two commonly-used criteria, namely Schwarz's Bayesian Criterion (BIC) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), showed that they fail to specify ERTs properly. The predicted values for m by the hybrid EQI-GMM approach were more accurate (RMSE is 0.0167 and 0.0056 for carbonate and sandstone samples, respectively) than outputs of the traditional Archie’s law (RMSE is 1.6697 and 0.1850 for carbonate and sandstone samples, respectively).
The Comparative Method Based on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for Assessing the Hemodynamic Significance of Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Małota Zbigniew , Sadowski Wojciech , Pieszko Konrad , Zimoląg Rafał , Czekała Filip , Malinowska Renata , Hiczkiewicz Jarosław
Published: March 2023

Purpose

An important aspect in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease is the functional evaluation of narrowed blood vessels. Medical image-based Computational Fluid Dynamic methods are currently increasingly being used in the clinical setting for flow studies of cardio vascular system. The aim of our study was to confirm the feasibility and functionality of a non-invasive computational method providing information about hemodynamic significance of coronary stenosis.

Methods

A comparative method was used to simulate the flow energy losses in real (stenotic) and reconstructed models without (reference) stenosis of the coronary arteries under stress test conditions, i.e. for maximum blood flow and minimal, constant vascular resistance.

In addition to the absolute pressure drop in the stenotic arteries (FFRsten) and in the reconstructed arteries (FFRrec), a new energy flow reference index (EFR) was also defined, which expresses the total pressure changes caused by stenosis in relation to the pressure changes in normal coronary arteries, which also allows a separate assessment of the haemodynamic significance of the atherosclerotic lesion itself. The article presents the results obtained from flow simulations in coronary arteries, reconstructed on the basis of 3D segmentation of cardiac CT images of 25 patients from retrospective data collection, with different degrees of stenoses and different areas of their occurrence.

Results

The greater the degree of narrowing of the vessel, the greater drop of flow energy. Each parameter introduces an additional diagnostic value. In contrast to FFRsten, the EFR indices that are calculated on the basis of a comparison of stenosed and reconstructed models, are associated directly with localization, shape and geometry of stenosis only. Both FFRsten and EFR showed very significant positive correlation (P < 0.0001) with coronary CT angiography–derived FFR, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8805 and 0.9011 respectively.

Conclusion

The study presented promising results of non-invasive, comparative test to support of prevention of coronary disease and functional evaluation of stenosed vessels.
Encephalomyelitis in a patient with monkeypox: an unusual complication
Authors: Marín-Medina Daniel S. , Castilla-Gómez Laura , Poveda Marcela , Ortiz Leonora , Ariza-Serrano Lina M. , Schlesinger-Piedrahita Antonio , Torres-Zafra Javier , Tapias-Agamez Manuel , Osorio-Lombana Juan Pablo , Arias-León Gerson , Silva Edwin
Published: March 2023

A new outbreak of monkeypox has been reported worldwide with CNS complications like encephalitis or myelitis being extremely rare. We present a case of a 30-year-old man with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of monkeypox who developed rapid neurological deterioration with extensive inflammatory involvement of the brain and spinal cord on MRI. Because of the clinical and radiological resemblance to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), it was decided to indicate treatment with high-dose corticosteroids for 5 days (without concomitant antiviral management due to lack of availability in our country). Given the poor clinical and radiological response, 5 days of immunoglobulin G were administered. During follow-up the patient’s clinical condition improved, physiotherapy was started and all associated medical complications were controlled. To our knowledge, this is the first reported monkeypox case with severe CNS complications treated with steroids and immunoglobulin in the absence of specific antiviral treatment.
Insights into the characteristics of primary radioresistant cervical cancer using single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Xing Biyuan , Pu Congli , Chen Yunshang , Sheng Yuhan , Zhang Baofang , Cui Jie , Wu Gang , Zhao Yingchao
Published: March 2023

Radioresistance is a major cause of radiotherapy failure among patients with cervical cancer (CC), the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Traditional CC cell lines lose intra-tumoral heterogeneity, posing a challenge for radioresistance research. Meanwhile, conditional reprogramming (CR) maintains intra-tumoral heterogeneity and complexity, as well as the genomic and clinical characteristics of original cells and tissues. Three radioresistant and two radiosensitive primary CC cell lines were developed under CR conditions from patient specimens, and their characteristics were verified via immunofluorescence, growth kinetics, clone forming assay, xenografting, and immunohistochemistry. The CR cell lines had homogenous characteristics with original tumor tissues and maintained radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo, while also maintaining intra-tumoral heterogeneity according to single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Upon further investigation, 20.83% of cells in radioresistant CR cell lines aggregated in the G2/M cell cycle phase, which is sensitive to radiation, compared to 38.1% of cells in radiosensitive CR cell lines. This study established three radioresistant and two radiosensitive CC cell lines through CR, which will benefit further research investigating radiosensitivity in CC. Our present study may provide an ideal model for research on development of radioresistance and potential therapeutic targets in CC.
Efficient heat dissipation perovskite lasers using a high-thermal-conductivity diamond substrate
Authors: Li Guohui , Hou Zhen , Wei Yanfu , Zhao Ruofan , Ji Ting , Wang Wenyan , Wen Rong , Zheng Kaibo , Yu Shengwang , Cui Yanxia
Published: March 2023

Efficient heat dissipation that can minimize temperature increases in device is critical in realizing electrical injection lasers. High-thermal-conductivity diamonds are promising for overcoming heat dissipation limitations for perovskite lasers. In this study, we demonstrate a perovskite nanoplatelet laser on a diamond substrate that can efficiently dissipate heat generated during optical pumping. Tight optical confinement is also realized by introducing a thin SiO2 gap layer between nanoplatelets and the diamond substrate. The demonstrated laser features a Q factor of ∼1962, a lasing threshold of 52.19 µJ cm−2, and a low pump-density-dependent temperature sensitivity (∼0.56 ± 0.01 K cm2 µJ−1) through the incorporation of the diamond substrate. We believe our study could inspire the development of electrically driven perovskite lasers.
Supplementary span-to-depth ratio expressions for one-way slab complying with ACI-318 and SBC-304 deflection limits
Authors: Elgohary Hamdy A.
Published: March 2023

ACI-318 provides two levels for incremental deflection control depending on the damage by large deflections of the nonstructural elements supported to one-way slabs. For these slabs, the provided deflection limit is relatively low and taken as span/480. Otherwise, the ACI-318 code provides span-to-depth ratio limitations as an alternative approach for deflection control. For the case of damage control by large deflection of nonstructural elements, the ACI-318 code does not provide limitations for the minimum slab thickness. The deflection for these slabs should be checked against ACI limits. For conceptual design, designers prefer to use the tabulated minimum thickness for slabs not supporting nonstructural elements and consequently they must check for deflection. Design limitations for the minimum thickness of such slab are essential to facilitate the conceptual prediction of the slab thickness with safely expected deflection. This paper aims to establish span-to-depth ratio expressions for one-way slabs not provided by ACI-318. A parametric study is performed on one-way slabs supporting non-structural elements to study the effect of design variables on the calculated thickness. The deflection limit considered in this study is (L/480). New expressions for span-to-depth ratio incorporating design variables were developed based on the outcomes of the parametric study and ACI-318 Code deflection limits. The results obtained with the proposed expressions have been verified with the deflection limits given by the code. The predicted deflection values are below the code limits in all considered cases.
Blow-Up Solutions for the Space-Time Fractional Evolution Equation
Authors: Hu Zhihao , Shi Qihong
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the blow-up solutions of the space-time fractional equations with Riemann–Liouville type nonlinearity in arbitrary-dimensional space. Using the Banach mapping principle and the test function method, we establish the local well-posedness and overcome the difficulties caused by the fractional operators to obtain the blow-up results. Furthermore, we get the precise lifespan of blow-up solutions under special initial conditions.
An Unusual Performance of Polymyositis
Authors: Chu Yuqian , Xiao Wenyan , Yang Min , Li Hui , Zhang Jin , Zheng Yao , Zhang Yang , Hu Juanjuan , Hua Tianfeng
Published: March 2023

Rationale

Polymyositis (PM), which usually occurs in young and middle-aged females, is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by symmetrical proximal limb weakness, neck muscular weakness, and muscle soreness. Severe kidney injury performance caused by the primary disease is uncommon among patients with PM. In this case report, we described the clinical features and pathological clues to help diagnose this disease, furthermore, a review of the literature is provided.

Patient concerns

A 26-year-old female suffered from persistent weakness and pain in the limb muscles for 1 month and anuria for 1 week before admission.

Diagnosis and interventions

Serum creatine kinase (CK) level elevated five times above the limit of normal levels and the myositis autoantibody test was positive. Typical clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory results, and significant therapeutic efficacy of hormone therapy and biological therapy all revealed PM complicated with rhabdomyolysis (RML) clinically. After admission, the patient underwent renal replacement therapy, glucocorticoid treatment and was infused with tocilizumab. And the patient recovered and was discharged 4 months later.

Outcomes

During the conventional treatment, the patient remained in an unstable state. After glucocorticoid pulse treatment and biotherapy, her muscle force enhanced significantly and her general condition improved gradually.

Lessons

PM combined with RML is rare in clinics and easily misdiagnosed as simple RML, which delays the timing of treatment. This study was to explore the disease by reviewing one case and literatures, which would help for early diagnosis of this disease and then give a reasonable basis for future treatment. Glucocorticoids are still the first-line treatment for the disease.
Numerical modeling of seismic behavior of ellipse and peanut-shaped auxetic steel plate shear walls
Authors: Wang Junjie , Zhu Yazhi , Cai Xiaoning
Published: March 2023

This study proposes a new auxetic-shaped steel plate shear walls (simply referred to as ASSPSWs) consisting of boundary members and built-in perforated infill plates. The connection type between the boundary members is a hinge joint. The hole forms on the infill plates include orthogonal ellipse-shaped (ASSPSW-OE) and orthogonal peanut-shaped (ASSPSW-OP). This paper studied the hysteretic performance of two steel plate shear walls’ types based on the finite element analysis method. Within the study context, a parametric analysis was carried out to investigate the influence of various factors, such as hole size and hole distance, on the seismic performance of steel plate shear walls (SPSWs). The results indicated that reducing the the ratio of the ligament thickness to ellipse major axis (t/D) in orthogonal ellipse-shaped SPSWs can effectively increase the porosity while reducing the bearing and energy dissipation capacities. Under the condition with the t/D unchanged, increasing the ratio of the major to minor axis of the ellipse (d/D) raises the porosity and does not significantly reduce the bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the SPSWs. For orthogonal peanut-shaped SPSWs, the holes’ geometrical parameters significantly influence the hysteretic performance. Particularly, with the increase in the radial ratio of large to small circles in a peanut-shaped hole (R/r), the spacing between cells decreases. When drift exceeds 2%, the equivalent viscous damping ratio decreases sharply. Unlike the orthogonal ellipse-shaped SPSWs, changing the arrangement angle of peanut-shaped cells has no significant effect on orthogonal peanut-shaped SPSWs. However, the larger the angle, the greater the out-of-plane buckling of orthogonal ellipse-shaped SPSWs; thus, the energy dissipation capacity is reduced. The similarities lie in that the larger cell arrangement angle will make the steel plates have a complete stress field, and the bearing capacity will be slightly improved. When the cell arrangement angle (θ) is 45°, the SPSWs can develop high initial stiffness.
Islam and Science
Authors: Guessoum Nidhal , Bigliardi Stefano
Published: March 2023

This first Element in the series Islam and the Sciences is introductory and aims to give readers a general overview of the wide and rich scope of interactions of Islam with the sciences, including past disputes, current challenges, and future outlooks. The Element introduces the main voices and schools of thought, adopting a historical approach to show the evolution of the debates: Khan's naturalism, al-Jisr's hermeneutics, Abduh's modernist Islam, Nasr's perennialist and sacred science, al-Attas's Islamic science, Sardar and the Ijmalis' ethical science, al-Faruqi's Islamization of knowledge/science, Bucaille's and El-Naggar's 'miraculous scientific content in the Qur'an,' Abdus Salam's universal science, Hoodbhoy's and Edis's secularism, and the harmonization of the 'new generation.' The Element also maps out new and emerging topics that are beginning to reignite the debates, before a concluding section examines how issues of Islam and Science are playing out in the media, in public discourse and in education.
Chinese oats in temperate Bhutan: Results of field experiments
Authors: Wangchuk Khengtala , Wangchuk Kesang
Published: March 2023

Seven varieties of forage oats from China were evaluated in the temperate environment of Bhutan for morphological traits, dry matter production, and forage quality. The oat variety Qingyin No. 1 provided a greater plant height (61 cm) and the largest number of tillers per plant (five tillers per plant). The leaf-stem ratio (LSR) was highest for Longyan No. 2 (LSR 0.73). During harvest in late winter, Longyan No. 2 had a greater plant height (64 cm) and the highest number of tillers per plant (seven tillers per plant), followed by Qingyin No. 1. The top three varieties with high LSRs of 1.49, 1.31, and 1.35 were Longyan No. 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In both summer and winter, Longyan No. 2 had the highest forage yields of around 5.00 and 4.00 DM t/ha, respectively. Qingyin No. 1 was the second largest forage producer, with under 5.00 DM t/ha in summer and under 3.00 DM t/ha in winter. For forage quality, Longyan No. 2 and Longyan No. 3 had the highest levels of crude protein (15%) in summer. However, during late winter, the Linna variety had the highest crude protein content (13%). The overall results of the field experiments suggest that Longyan No. 2 and Qingyin No. 1 are promising new oat varieties for winter fodder production in the temperate environments of Bhutan.
Fragmented Labor Regime: FDI, Labor Regulation, and Workers’ Protests in China
Authors: Lim Taegyun
Published: March 2023

How does the influx of foreign direct investment (FDI) affect labor protests in China? Building on the framework of fragmented authoritarianism, I argue that the regional competition to attract foreign investment causes labor protests in China due to its deregulatory effects on labor regulation. Each actor, including the central and local governments, foreign investors, and workers, has different cost–benefit considerations, which provide an explanation for the link between foreign investment and labor protests. By theorizing each actor's preferences, this article explains how FDI induces labor deregulation and workers’ protests in China. Analyzing China's prefecture-level city data from 2012 to 2018, I find that the influx of FDI is positively associated with labor protests. The result remains robust to alternative model specifications and instrumental variable estimation. I also provide empirical evidence for the deregulatory effect of FDI on labor standards with an analysis at the firm level using the World Bank Enterprise Survey. These findings deepen our understanding of how FDI shapes labor regulation and induces workers’ protests in the context of China.
Public Opinion in a Rising Power: National and International Orientations among the Chinese Public
Authors: Zhai Yida
Published: March 2023

China's involvement in the world and its economic modernization are expected to lead to its democratization and adherence to the liberal international order. However, after several decades of development, the authoritarian system remains resilient, and China's foreign policy appears to be more assertive. The limited nature of scholarship on the public opinion in a rising power has prevented a better understanding of China's domestic changes and foreign policy. This study seeks to unveil the micro-foundations of the unexpected trajectory of China's rise by investigating the public's national and international orientations using nationwide representative survey data. The results show that international orientations had a very limited effect on Chinese popular attitudes toward domestic politics and foreign relations, while national orientations strengthened public support for the authoritarian system and China's assertive foreign policy. Intergenerational variations existed in public opinion in China, with the Xi generation showing a different pattern of political values than the preceding generations.
Identification of anthropometric surrogate measurements and their cut-off points for the detection of low birth weight and premature newborn babies using ROC Analysis
Authors: Sintayehu Eskedar , Sintayehu Yitagesu , Oumer Abdu , Berhane Anteneh
Published: March 2023

Despite the fact that health facilities in Ethiopia are being built closer to communities in all regions, the proportion of home deliveries remains high, and there are no studies being conducted to identify low birth weight (LBW) and premature newborn babies using simple, best, alternative, and appropriate anthropometric measurement in the study area. The objective of the present study was to find the simple, best, and alternative anthropometric measurement and identified its cut-off points for detecting LBW and premature newborn babies. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Dire Dawa city administration, Eastern Ethiopia. The study included 385 women who gave birth in health facility. To evaluate the overall accuracy of the anthropometric measurements, a non-parametric receiver operating characteristic curve was used. Chest circumference (AUC = 0⋅95) with 29⋅4 cm and mean upper arm circumference (AUC = 0⋅93) with 7⋅9 cm proved to be the best anthropometric diagnostic measure for LBW and gestational age, respectively. Also, both anthropometric measuring tools are achieved the highest correlation (r = 0⋅62) for LBW and gestational age. Foot length had a higher sensitivity (94⋅8 %) in detecting LBW than other measurements, with a higher negative predictive value (NPV) (98⋅4 %) and a higher positive predictive value (PPV) (54⋅8 %). Chest circumference and mid-upper arm circumference were found to be better surrogate measurements for identifying LBW and premature babies in need of special care. More research is needed to identify better diagnostic interventions in situations like the study area, which has limited resources and a high proportion of home deliveries.
Nonmarine ostracod fauna from the Lower Cretaceous Shinekhudag Formation (southwest Mongolia): taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and paleoecology
Authors: Choi Byung-Do , Wang Yaqiong
Published: March 2023

This work provides the detailed investigation (taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and paleoecology) of a nonmarine ostracod fauna from the Shinekhudag Formation in Gobi–Altai area, southwest Mongolia. The samples from two sections (Tsagaan Tsuvarga and Oshih Hollow East) yielded various ostracods assigned to nine species belonging to six genera: Cypridea verrucata Neustrueva, 1974, C. ihsienensis Hou, 1958, C. unicostata Galeeva, 1955, C. tumefacta Neustrueva, 1974, Yumenia cf. Y. oriformis Hou, 1958, Scabriculocypris subscalara Zhang and Chen in Ye et al., 2003, ?Trapezoidella sp., Candona sp., and Vlakomia ulanense Neustrueva, 1977. The biostratigraphic application of our taxonomic results suggests that the age of the Shinekhudag Formation is Barremian–Aptian. In addition, the ostracod fauna shows strong affinities to faunas from northeast China and potentially northwest China, providing evidence of faunal exchanges between these regions and southwest Mongolia. The new discovery of Vlakomia ulanense indicates that mid-Cretaceous (Albian) species in northeast China probably originated in Mongolia at the time of deposition of the Shinekhudag Formation. Two ostracod assemblages in the studied sections reflect that different paleoenvironment settings have existed during deposition; the Tsagaan Tsuvarga Section represents a shallow-littoral zone of athalassic (inland) saline lake under arid climate, and the dominance of cypridoideans of the Oshih Hollow East Section is indicative of ephemeral water bodies.
New insight into Cenozoic Orbitestellidae (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) from the Magellanic Region based on lower Neogene and Recent species
Authors: Di Luca Javier , Griffin Miguel , Pastorino Guido
Published: March 2023

Patagorbitestella new genus is here proposed to include two extant and one fossil species: P. ponderi (Linse, 2002) new combination, P. patagonica (Simone and Zelaya, 2004) new combination, and P. leonensis new species, the last described from the Punta Entrada Member of Monte León Formation (50°21′25.4”S, 68°53′05.9″W, Aquitanian to lower Burdigalian, lower Miocene). A protoconch sculptured with distinctive microscopic spiral threads serves as a per se diagnostic shell character for the new genus. Patagorbitestella n. gen. constitutes a distinctive lineage of orbitestellid gastropods inhabiting exclusively the Magellanic Region at least since the early Miocene. This is the first fossil record of Orbitestellidae in South America.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/e48a4b73-1c0a-4bf7-aceb-8a180ef7e039
Relational Distance and Transformative Skills in Fields: Wind Energy Generation in Germany and Japan
Authors: Nicklich Manuel , Endo Takahiro , Sydow Jörg
Published: March 2023

Organizational interactions in fields, including their antecedents and consequences, remain under-researched, in particular with regard to relational distance and transformative skills. Through a comparative study of the German and Japanese wind power sectors, we explore the importance of distance among organizational actors and the development of skills. While in the case of Germany a radical increase in wind energy generation can be witnessed, the situation in the field of Japanese wind power remains largely unchanged. We show how different degrees of distance among organizational actors in these two countries result in the different development of skills that stimulate transformation in the field of energy generation. More precisely, we illustrate the pivotal role of distant challengers with their transformative skills for the successful conversion of already established field structures. Our study contributes to field theory by elaborating on the understanding of the evolution of relational distance, thereby grasping the dynamic interplay between the diversity of actors and their skill formation within a certain strategic action field.
COVID-19 as a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases: a review with focus on the brain
Authors: Tang Siu Wa , Helmeste Daiga Maret , Leonard Brian E.
Published: March 2023

There appear to be huge variations and aberrations in the reported data in COVID-19 2 years now into the pandemic. Conflicting data exist at almost every level and also in the reported epidemiological statistics across different regions. It is becoming clear that COVID-19 is a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases, and there is a wide range of inflammation-related pathology and symptoms in those infected with the virus. The host’s inflammatory response to COVID-19 appears to be determined by genetics, age, immune status, health status and stage of disease. The interplay of these factors may decide the magnitude, duration, types of pathology, symptoms and prognosis in the spectrum of COVID-19 disorders, and whether neuropsychiatric disorders continue to be significant. Early and successful management of inflammation reduces morbidity and mortality in all stages of COVID-19.
Domination over the Risorgimento: Anton Bruckner’s Seventh Symphony in Luchino Visconti’s Senso (1954)
Authors: BAUMGARTNER MICHAEL
Published: March 2023

In this article I argue that Anton Bruckner’s Seventh Symphony assumes a pivotal role in advancing the romantically tinged narrative in Luchino Visconti’s film Senso (1954) through a politically recoded message. Visconti offers in this film a reflection upon the political climate in Venetia during the Risorgimento through the pre-eminent role of music. In particular, Bruckner’s music emphasizes the condition of the Venetians under Austrian rulers by dominating as an oppressive and overpowering force, not unlike the Austrian supremacy over the north Italians. Bruckner’s music, which relies on a decisively Wagnerian idiom, conveys throughout the film ideas of betrayal, on both the microlevel and the macrolevel. Such betrayals refer to the Christian Democracy, which excluded the Marxist partisans from governing post-war Italy. These events mirror, for Visconti, the failed revolution of the bourgeois-driven Risorgimento in the 19th century due to the idleness of the aristocracy. Interpreted through Visconti’s Marxist ideology, Bruckner is thus an indicator that the hegemony of the elite remained in place, unchanged and unaltered. As the sonic representative of the Austrian monarchy, it opposes the Risorgimento ideal of the bourgeois class and reassures the supremacy of the ruling class.
A boundary element method for the potential, compressible aerodynamics of bodies in arbitrary motion
Authors: Gennaretti M. , Morino L.
Published: March 2023

A new integral equation, and the corresponding boundary-element method, is presented for the aerodynamic analysis of compressible, subsonic, potential flows around bodies in arbitrary motion, with applications to helicopter rotors in hover. The formulation is closely related to that introduced by Morino for the aerodynamic analysis of aircraft: in that paper, the surface of the aircraft is assumed to be in arbitrary motion with respect to a frame of reference that moves in uniform translation. Such a formulation is very useful for the analysis of aircraft undergoing small oscillations with respect to a reference configuration. However, for the analysis of more complex motions (e.g. helicopter rotors in forward flight), it is more convenient to use a frame of reference that moves in arbitrary motion (in particular, for the case of a body moving in rigid-body motion, a frame of reference rigidly connected with the body).
Incompressible flow past a flat plate aerofoil with leading edge separation bubble
Authors: Newman B. G. , Tse M-C.
Published: March 2023

A simple flow model has been developed to predict the size of the separation bubble which forms at the sharp leading edge of a flat plate aerofoil at incidence a which are less than about 8°, and the corresponding lift and drag coefficients. This flow model is based on irrotational flow and source singularities which are determined indirectly from experiment. The bubble length is shown to be proportional to α2with a slope which depends on the rate of growth of the separated shear layer. A thin double-wedge aerofoil has been tested in a wind tunnel. It is concluded that these and previous measurements agree fairly well with the theory for chord Reynolds numbers greater than about 0.5 × 106.
Experimental study of overexpanded supersonic jet impingement on a double wedge deflector
Authors: Prasad J.K. , Mehta R.C. , Sreekanth A.K.
Published: March 2023

Experiments have been conducted to study the impingement fiowfield, over a double wedge deflector, produced by the impingement of an overexpanded supersonic jet. The jet has an exit Mach number of 3.1 and an expansion ratio of 0.81. The distance between the nozzle exit and deflector apex was varied from 2 to 5 times the nozzle exit diameter. The experiment consisted of schlieren flow visualisations and measurements of pressure distribution. Load coefficient has been obtained by integrating the measured pressure distributions. Boundary layer thickness and skin friction coefficient on the deflector surface have been calculated by solving compressible turbulent boundary layer equations, using moment integral and moment-of-momentum integral equations in conjunction with the measured surface pressure distributions.
Incompressible flow in contracting ducts
Authors: Gibbings J. C.
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the incompressible flow through contracting ducts as used in windtunnel circuits. The value of the velocity gradients that are critically adverse to the boundary layer development are specified and the contraction profile is derived for two-dimensional flow. Solutions to the flow through three-dimensional contractions of circular, square, and square to rectangle shape are obtained. These lead to simple rules for scaling the profile of two-dimensional flow to provide three-dimensional shapes having short lengths with the required velocity distributions. The development of both laminar and turbulent boundary layers is calculated to provide criteria for the avoidance of separation.
Bidirectional grammaticalization: Chinese modal and conditional
Authors: KUO YUEH HSIN
Published: March 2023

Using a constructional approach to morphosyntax, this study describes a triclausal construction (a type of anankastic conditional construction) and related constructions in the history of Chinese. It demonstrates that the triclausal construction constitutes a context of morphosyntactic vagueness where category boundaries between modals and conditional protasis connectives are underdetermined; consequently, bidirectional rather than unidirectional developments occur. Morphosyntactic vagueness is defined by properties shared between two morphosyntactic categories: distributional and functional similarities. Therefore, changes enabled by morphosyntactic vagueness are argued to be regular processes of change mediated by grammatical equivalence. If grammaticalization is defined as the development of morphosyntactic categories, but not in terms of non-equivalence such as unidirectionality or increased grammaticality, grammaticalization may be systematically bidirectional when enabled by morphosyntactic vagueness.
Beyond analytic approximations with machine learning inference of plasma parameters and confidence intervals
Authors: Marchand Richard , Shahsavani Sadaf , Sanchez-Arriaga Gonzalo
Published: March 2023

Machine learning techniques are used to construct models capable of inferring plasma state variables from non-emissive (LP) and emissive (EP) cylindrical Langmuir probes under conditions in which standard analytic theories are not applicable. Synthetic data sets, consisting of plasma parameters and probe characteristics computed kinetically in the orbital motion theory framework, are used to train and test regression models to infer electron densities, temperatures, and plasma potentials. Model skill metrics are introduced to determine uncertainty margins on inferred parameters, when models are applied to test sets not involved in the model optimization process. The different scalings and transformations required to obtain optimal accuracy are described in each case considered for both LPs and EPs. Excellent inferences are made for all three parameters considered from LP characteristics, but owing to the strong dependence on the plasma potential, and weak dependences on electron temperature and density with EPs, only plasma potential inferences are reported with acceptable accuracy for this type of probe. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of kinetic simulations and machine learning techniques is a promising and practical way to infer plasma parameters efficiently from cylindrical probes, under conditions beyond, and more general than those under which commonly used analytic approximations are valid.
The Forty Part Motetin New York City after 9/11
Authors: ZUAZU MARÍA EDURNE
Published: March 2023

In Janet Cardiff'sThe Forty Part Motet(2001,40Part), ‘a reworking of Thomas Tallis'sSpem in alium(c. 1570)’, the forty voice parts of the motet are played back via forty speakers. Visitors walk through and around the encompassing speakers arrayed in eight groups of five. Still in constant demand,40Partenjoys unparalleled success in the contemporary art scene. This article shows how40Partbecame associated with New York City's rituals of remembrance and healing after 9/11 and Hurricane Sandy, and considers the politics of the installation's stagings as part of those commemorations. Here,40Parttook on a specifically comforting function that speaks to larger tendencies in twenty-first-century auditory culture, American cultural responses to trauma, and commemorative uses of music, which are built on white bourgeois sentimental attachments and the techno-social production of imagined spaces and times of privilege.
Populist Attitudes Predict Compliance-Related Attitudes and Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic Via Trust in Institutions
Authors: Ehrke Franziska , Grommisch Gloria , Busch Emma Penelope , Kaczmarek Magdalena C.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. While previous research discussed populism as a phenomenon of declining trust, we investigated the predictive value of populist attitudes for citizens’ trust, attitudes, and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we tested the role of trust in several institutions simultaneously. As preregistered, the cross-sectional ( N = 1,090) and longitudinal ( n = 216) data collected (April to June, 2020) in Germany ( n = 617) and Poland ( n = 473) showed that stronger populist attitudes predicted higher trust in (a) alternative news media but less trust in (b) mainstream news media, (c) political institutions, and (d) scientific institutions. Moreover, we found negative effects of populist attitudes on acceptance and compliance, mediated via trust in political and scientific institutions (but not news media).
Modeling Viscoelastic Solid Earth Deformation Due To Ice Age and Contemporary Glacial Mass Changes in ASPECT
Authors: Weerdesteijn Maaike F. M. , Naliboff John B. , Conrad Clinton P. , Reusen Jesse M. , Steffen Rebekka , Heister Timo , Zhang Jiaqi
Published: March 2023

The redistribution of past and present ice and ocean loading on Earth's surface causes solid Earth deformation and geoid changes, known as glacial isostatic adjustment. The deformation is controlled by elastic and viscous material parameters, which are inhomogeneous in the Earth. We present a new viscoelastic solid Earth deformation model in ASPECT (Advanced Solver for Problems in Earth's ConvecTion): a modern, massively parallel, open‐source finite element code originally designed to simulate convection in the Earth's mantle. We show the performance of solid Earth deformation in ASPECT and compare solutions to TABOO, a semianalytical code, and Abaqus, a commercial finite element code. The maximum deformation and deformation rates using ASPECT agree within 2.6% for the average percentage difference with TABOO and Abaqus on glacial cycle (∼100 kyr) and contemporary ice melt (∼100 years) timescales. This gives confidence in the performance of our new solid Earth deformation model. We also demonstrate the computational efficiency of using adaptively refined meshes, which is a great advantage for solid Earth deformation modeling. Furthermore, we demonstrate the model performance in the presence of lateral viscosity variations in the upper mantle and report on parallel scalability of the code. This benchmarked code can now be used to investigate regional solid Earth deformation rates from ice age and contemporary ice melt. This is especially interesting for low‐viscosity regions in the upper mantle beneath Antarctica and Greenland, where it is not fully understood how ice age and contemporary ice melting contribute to geodetic measurements of solid Earth deformation.
Moisture Sources of Precipitation in the Great Lakes Region: Climatology and Recent Changes
Authors: Yang Zhao , Qian Yun , Xue Pengfei , Wang Jiali , Chakraborty T. C. , Pringle William J. , Li Jianfeng , Chen Xiaodong
Published: March 2023

Given the critical role of precipitation on hydroclimate, we quantified the contributions of moisture source regions to precipitation in the Great Lakes Region (GLR) using multiple reanalysis data sets. Results show that the Great Plains (GPs) and the GLR itself are the primary sources of moisture. The moisture sources for the double peaks in the GLR precipitation that occur in June and September are identified, which is caused by a shift in the peak timing of moisture contribution from the GLR and GPs. In particular, moisture from the GPs contributes more to the heavy precipitation, while moisture from the GLR contributes more to the light precipitation. We also found a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increasing trend in the moisture contribution from the mid‐Pacific, caused by an intensified zonal moisture transport from the mid‐Pacific through changes in atmospheric circulation.
4D Physics‐Based Pore Pressure Monitoring Using Passive Image Interferometry
Authors: Fokker Eldert , Ruigrok Elmer , Hawkins Rhys , Trampert Jeannot
Published: March 2023

This study introduces a technique for four‐dimensional pore pressure monitoring using passive image interferometry. Surface‐wave velocity changes as a function of frequency are directly linked to depth variations of pore pressure changes through sensitivity kernels. We demonstrate that these kernels can be used to invert time‐lapse seismic velocity changes, retrieved with passive image interferometry, for hydrological pore pressure variations as a function of time, depth, and region. This new approach is applied in the Groningen region of the Netherlands. We show good recovery of pore pressure variations in the upper 200 m of the subsurface from passive seismic velocity observations. This depth range is primarily limited by the reliable frequency range of the seismic data.
Extracting Spatial–Temporal Coherent Patterns in Geomagnetic Secular Variation Using Dynamic Mode Decomposition
Authors: Chi‐Durán Rodrigo , Buffett Bruce A.
Published: March 2023

Rapid growth of magnetic‐field observations through SWARM and other satellite missions motivate new approaches to analyze it. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a method to recover spatially coherent motion with a periodic time dependence. We use this method to simultaneously analyze the geomagnetic radial field and its secular variation from CHAOS‐7 at high latitudes. A total of five modes are permitted by noise levels in the observations. One mode represents a slowly evolving background state, whereas the other four modes describe a pair of waves; each wave is comprised of a complex DMD mode and its complex conjugate. The waves have periods of T1 = 19.1 and T2 = 58.4 years and quality factors of Q1 = 11.0 and Q2 = 4.6, respectively. A 60‐year wave is consistent with previous predictions for zonal waves in a stratified fluid. The 20‐year wave is also consistent with previous reports at high latitudes, although its nature is less clear.