bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Oxidative Stress on Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Perrone Serafina , Tataranno Maria Luisa , Santacroce Antonino , Negro Simona , Buonocore Giuseppe
Published: March 2020

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating and common disease of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with a mortality rate of 10% to 50% and a significant cause of morbidity in survivors. The incidence of NEC has increased from 5% to 7% in the last decades and this rate is likely to rise because of the increased survival of infants born at 24 weeks gestation, which are at high risk of developing NEC. NEC etiology is multifactorial: ischemia, infections, cytokines, enteral feeding and reactive oxygen species or free radicals (FRs) may contribute to the disruption of the immature gut barrier. In particular, ischemia, hypoxia-reperfusion, infection and inflammation are mechanisms capable of producing high levels of FRs, perturbing the normal redox balance and shifting cells to a state of oxidative stress (OS).

Despite advances in neonatal medicine, the early diagnosis of NEC remains a major challenge. Early clinical signs are non specific and the laboratory findings are not fully reliable. Therefore, its delayed occurrence after birth, its rapid onset, the highly fulminant nature, and its severe morbidity, as well as the possibility of progression to death, strongly require the identification of new prospective biomarkers specific for high NEC risk. There is evidences that OS biomarkers in cord blood allow the early identification of infants at risk for NEC and thereby can be used to develop novel therapies for this devastating disease which predominantly occurs in premature infants.
Clinical Pharmacology of Ibuprofen and Indomethacin in Preterm Infants with Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Pacifici Gian Maria
Published: March 2020

Background:

Ibuprofen and indomethacin are potent non-selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors and inhibit prostaglandin E2 synthesis. The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs in more than 70% of preterm infants weighing <1500 g. Prostaglandin E2 relaxes smooth muscle, tends to inhibit the closure of PDA, yields vasodilatation of the afferent renal arterioles and maintains glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Ibuprofen and indomethacin inhibiting prostaglandin E2 synthesis close PDA and reduce GFR with consequent decrease of urine output and increase of serum creatinine concentrations.

Aims:

The aims of this study are to give the definitive estimates of PDA closure rate following ibuprofen or indomethacin treatment and to evaluate the extent of renal side effects following the administration of these drugs to preterm infants. Other aims are to review the metabolism and the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen and indomethacin in preterm infants with PDA.

Methods:

The bibliographic search was performed using PubMed and EMBASE databases as search engines, January 2013 was the cutoff point.

Results:

The %PDA closed by ibuprofen (n=24) and indomethacin (n=24) is 77.7±14.1 and 77.3±11.0, respectively. For ibuprofen, the gestational age of the infants included in the study ranged from 25.0 to 39.0 weeks (mean±SD=29.3±3.1 weeks). The %PDA did not correlate with the gestational age (p=0.2516). For indomethacin, the gestational age of infants included in the study ranged from 25.0 and 39.0 weeks (mean±SD=29.4±2.9 weeks). The %PDA did not correlate with the gestational age (p=0.3742). The treatment with ibuprofen reduces the urine output and increases the serum creatinine concentrations less extensively than indomethacin. The half-life (t1/2) of ibuprofen and indomethacin is lengthened and the clearance is reduced in preterm infants as compared with fullterm infants.

Conclusions.

Ibuprofen and indomethacin are equally effective in closing PDA. Treatment with ibuprofen decreases the risk of renal failure. Ibuprofen has the most favourable risk/benefit ratio. The rate of metabolism is reduced and t1/2 is lengthened in prematures as compared with term infants.
In-vitro Comparative Study of Different Brands of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride Tablets Marketed in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hani Umme , Alhamhoom Yahya , Alqahtani Ali , Osmani Riyaz Ali , Rahamathulla Mohamed , Mohammed Yasmin Begum , Singh Ekta
Published: March 2020

Background:

Metoclopramide hydrochloride (MCP), a derivative of para-aminobenzoic
acid, which is a freely soluble drug, gets rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is used
in the management of gastrointestinal disorders such as gastric stasis, gastroesophageal reflux and
for the prevention of cancer chemotherapy induced emesis. Several brands of MCP are available in
Saudi Arabia.

Objectives:

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the quality of different marketed
products of MCP tablets 10mg, which were purchased from the retail pharmacy outlets in Abha, Riyadh
and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia with a view to determine their interchangeability in clinical practice.

Methods:

The study was carried out on branded tablets by quality control tests such as weight
variation, hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution. The results of all marketed products
complied with the official specifications.

Results:

The results showed that all the parameters for MCP tablets were in accordance with the
USP limits. All the tested four brands were bioequivalent and complying with the official tests for
weight variation, friability, disintegration and dissolution tests. The percent friability was also
within the specified limit. Moreover, all formulations disintegrated within 2-6 min. The percentage
content of the active ingredient of four brands of MCP tablets showed values within the monograph
specifications (95-105%).

Conclusion:

All the four brands evaluated in the present work could be considered bio
pharmaceutically equivalent and therefore, patients can safely switch from one brand to another
when there is the unavailability of a particular brand.
A Simple Protein Evolutionary Classification Method Based on the Mutual Relations Between Protein Sequences
Authors: Wan Xiaogeng , Tan Xinying
Published: March 2020

Background:

Protein is a kind of important organics in life. It is varied with its
sequences, structures and functions. Protein evolutionary classification is one of the popular
research topics in computational bioinformatics. Many studies have used protein sequence
information to classify the evolutionary relationships of proteins. As the amount of protein
sequence data increases, efficient computational tools are needed to make efficient protein
evolutionary classifications with high accuracies in the big data paradigm.

Methods:

In this study, we propose a new simple and efficient computational approach based on
the normalized mutual information rates to compute the relationship between protein sequences,
we then use the “distances” defined on the relationships to perform the evolutionary classifications
of proteins. The new method is computational efficient, model-free and unsupervised, which does
not require training data when performing classifications.

Result:

Simulation studies on various examples demonstrate the efficiency of the new method.
We use precision-recall curves to compare the efficiency of our new method with traditional
methods, results show that the new method outperforms the traditional methods in most of the
cases when performing evolutionary classifications.

Conclusion:

The new method is simple and proved to be efficient in protein evolutionary
classifications, which is useful in future evolutionary analysis particularly in the big data paradigm.
PENERAPAN KARAKTER TOLERANSI BERAGAMA PADA MASYARAKAT CIGUGUR YANG PLURALISME
Authors: Djuniasih Elisabeth , Kosasih Aceng
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Toleransi merupakan modal utama dalam membangun harmoni antarumat beragama, terutama di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan karakter toleransi beragama dalam kehidupan masyarakat Cigugur yang pluralis. Penelitian di lakukan di Desa Cisantana dan Desa Cigugur, Kecamatan Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Cigugur yang memiliki keberagaman dalam memeluk agama dapat hidup berdampingan secara damai. Adapun faktor pemersatu masyarakat Cigugur yaitu adanya saling menghargai karena memiliki ikatan darah yang kuat. Selain itu, pemimpin masing-masing agama dan aliran kepercayaan sangat berperan dalam terbentuknya toleransi beragama. Hari Raya Idul Fitri, Upacara Seren Taun, dan Perayaan Natal adalah saat-saat mereka bekerja sama tanpa mengganggu kegiatan beribadah. Kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut merupakan pembelajaran bagi para remaja dan anak-anak karena mereka adalah generasi penerus yang harus mempertahankan toleransi beragama di daerah di mana mereka dilahirkan.Kata Kunci: karakter, toleransi beragama, dan masyarakat pluralisAPPLICATION OF CHARACTER OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN PLURALIST COMMUNITIY OF CIGUGUR KUNINGAN Abstract: Tolerance is the main capital in building harmony among religious believers, especially in Indonesia. This research was conducted to find out how the application of the character of religious tolerance in the life of the pluralist Cigugur community. The research was conducted in the villages of Cisantana and Cigugur, Cigugur Subdistrict, Kuningan District, West Java. Data collection in this study uses observation and interview techniques. Data analysis was performed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study show that the Cigugur people who have diversity in embracing religion can coexist peacefully. The unifying factor of the Cigugur community is mutual respect because it has strong blood ties. In addition, the leaders of each religion and the flow of beliefs play an important role in the formation of religious tolerance. Eid al-Fitr, Seren Taun Ceremony, and Christmas Celebration are times when they work together without interfering with worship activities. These activities are learning for young people and children because they are the next generation who must maintain religious tolerance in the area where they are born.Keywords: character, religious tolerance, pluralist society
PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MENURUT KI HADJAR DEWANTARA DAN DRIYARKARA
Authors: Asa Agam Ibnu
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendidikan karakter menurut Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Driyarkara dan relevansinya bagi pendidikan karakter di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan bentuk studi pustaka. Objek material penelitian yaitu pemikiran pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Driyarkara ditinjau dari perspektif aliran progresivisme. Metodenya dengan komparasi dua atau lebih filsuf atau aliran. Penelitian ini membandingkan dua pandangan tokoh, yaitu Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Driyarkara tentang pendidikan Karakter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara menekankan tiga instrumen dasar yaitu keluarga, perguruan, dan pergerakan pemuda; (2) Driyarkara menekankan satu kesatuan tunggal yaitu ayah-ibu-anak dalam pendidikan karakter dasar; dan (3) pendidikan karakter Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Driyarkara apabila dikombinasikan akan relevan dengan pendidikan karakter di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: pendidikan karakter, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, DriyarkaraCHARACTER EDUCATION ACCORDING TO KI HADJAR DEWANTARA AND DRIYARKARA Abstract: This study aims to analyze character education according to Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Driyarkara and its relevance for character education in Indonesia. This research is a qualitative research with a form of literature study. The material objects of the study were the educational thoughts of the characters of Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Driyarkara, reviewed by the progressivism stream perspective. The method with a comparison of two or more philosophers or schools. This study compares two views of figures namely Ki Hadjar Dewantara and Driyarkara about Character education. The research shows the following results: (1) Ki Hadjar Dewantara's character education emphasizes three basic instruments namely family, college and youth movement; (2) Driyarkara emphasizes a single entity namely father-mother-child in basic character education; and (3) Education of Ki Hadjar characters Dewantara and Driyarkara when combined will be relevant to character education in Indonesia.Keywords: character education, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Driyarkara
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION VALUES IN THE ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR THE TWELFTH GRADE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: BAHASA INGGRIS SMA/SMK
Authors: Wardani Elva Ayu , Tasnim Zakiyah , B Wiwiek Eko
Published: March 2020

Abstract: This study examined what character education values presented in the English textbook published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic Indonesia for grade 12. This type of this research is a content analysis. The data source of this research is the English textbook for grade 12 SMA/SMK. Fourteen speaking scripts of this textbook were analysed by using content analysis to find what values inserted in it. The finding showed that there were 17 character education values presented in the English textbook entitled Bahasa Inggris SMA/SMK. It means this textbook is suitable as the materials and guidance for English teachers to teach English and to develop the character education values suggested by the 2013 Curriculum to the students.Keywords: character education values, content analysis, the english texbook, the 2013 curriculumANALISIS NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM BUKU TEKS BAHASA INGGRIS UNTUK SISWA KELAS DUA BELAS SMA: BAHASA INGGRIS SMA/SMK Abstrak: Penelitian ini menguji nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter apa yang disajikan dalam buku teks bahasa Inggris yang diterbitkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia untuk kelas 12. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis isi. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu buku teks bahasa Inggris untuk SMA/SMK kelas 12. Empat belas potongan pembicaraan dari buku teks ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis konten untuk menemukan nilai-nilai apa yang ada di dalamnya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 17 nilai pendidikan karakter yang disajikan dalam buku teks bahasa Inggris berjudul Bahasa Inggris SMA/SMK. Ini berarti buku teks ini cocok sebagai bahan dan pedoman bagi guru Bahasa Inggris untuk mengajar Bahasa Inggris dan untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang disarankan oleh Kurikulum 2013 kepada para siswa.Kata Kunci: nilai pendidikan karakter, analisis konten, buku teks bahasa inggris, kurikulum 2013
KARAKTER RELIGIUS PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM PASCASARJANA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Anita Anita , Kartowagiran Badrun
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Penanaman karakter religius sangat urgen dalam upaya mewujudkan tujuan pendidikan nasional. Telah banyak studi dilakukan untuk meneliti penanaman atau implementasi karakter religius pada peserta didik. Namun, masih belum banyak penelitian yang melakukan evaluasi dan pengukuran terhadap tingkat karakter religius mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menjelaskan karakter religius pada mahasiswa program pascasarjana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi mahasiswa program pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta angkatan 2018. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan probability sampling dan proportionate stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tentang The Muslim Religiosity Personality Inventory (MRPI) untuk mengukur religiositas mereka. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara umum, mahasiswa program pascasarjana UNY memiliki skor religiositas yang tinggi. Adapun dari segi gender, tingkat religiositas cenderung merata, meskipun laki-laki meraih skor sedikit lebih tinggi dari perempuan. Adapun perdimensi, skor tertinggi adalah kesalehan personal, lalu kesalehan sosial dan terendah kesalehan ritual.Kata Kunci: karakter religius; mahasiswa program pascasarjana; religiusitas personal, religiusitas ritual, religiusitas sosialRELIGIOUS CHARACTER ON STUDENTS OF POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM AT YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY Abstract: The cultivation of religious character is very urgent in the effort to realize the goals of national education. There have been many studies conducted to examine the planting or implementation of religious character in students. However, there are still not many studies that evaluate and measure the level of their religious character. This study aims to measure and explain the religious character of postgraduate students. This study used a quantitative approach with a population of postgraduate students of Yogyakarta State University of 2018. Sample ditermination used probability sampling and proportionate stratified random sampling. Data collection used a questionnaire about The Muslim Religiosity Personality Inventory (MRPI) to measure their religiosity. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. The results showed that in general, postgraduate students of Yogyakarta State University had high religiosity scores. In terms of gender, the level of religiosity tends to be evenly distributed, although men score slightly higher than women. As for the dimensions, the highest score is personal piety, then social piety, and the lowest is ritual piety.Keywords: religious character; students of postgraduate program; personal religiosity, ritual religiosity, social religiosity
Improvement of the Efficiency and Completeness of Neuro-Oncology Patient Referrals to a Tertiary Center Through the Implementation of an Electronic Referral System: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fernández-Méndez Rocío , Wong Mei Yin , Rastall Rebecca J , Rebollo-Díaz Samuel , Oberg Ingela , Price Stephen J , Joannides Alexis J
Published: March 2020

Background

Quality referrals to specialist care are key for prompt, optimal decisions about the management of patients with brain tumors.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the impact of introducing a Web-based, electronic referral (eReferral) system to a specialized neuro-oncology center, using a service-developed proforma, in terms of waiting times and information completeness.

Methods

We carried out a retrospective cohort study based on the review of medical records of referred adult patients, excluding follow-ups. Primary outcome measures were durations of three key phases within the referral pathway and completion rates of six referral fields.

Results

A total of 248 patients were referred to the specialist center during the study period. Median (IQR) diagnostic imaging to referral intervals were 3 (1-5) days with eReferrals, and 9 (4-19), 19 (14-49), and 8 (4-23) days with paper proforma, paper letter, and internal referrals, respectively (P<.001). Median (IQR) referral to multidisciplinary team decision intervals were 3 (2-7), 2 (1-3), 8 (2-24), and 3 (2-6) days respectively (P=.01). For patients having surgery, median (IQR) diagnostic imaging to surgery intervals were 28 (21-41), 34 (27-51), 104 (69-143), and 32 (15-89) days, respectively (P<.001). Proportions of complete fields differed significantly by referral type in all study fields (all with Ps <.001) except for details of presentation, which were present in all referrals. All study fields were always present in eReferrals, as these are compulsory for referral submission. Depending on the data field, level of completeness in the remaining referral types ranged within 69% (65/94) to 87% (82/94), 15% (3/20) to 65% (13/20), and 22% (8/41) to 63% (26/41) in paper proforma, paper letter, and internal referrals, respectively.

Conclusions

An electronic, Web-based, service-developed specific proforma for neuro-oncology referrals performs significantly better, with shorter waiting times and greater completeness of information than other referral types. A wider application of eReferrals is an important first step to streamlining specialist care pathways and providing excellent care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/10.2196/15002
A Deep-Learning Algorithm (ECG12Net) for Detecting Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia by Electrocardiography: Algorithm Development
Authors: Lin Chin-Sheng , Lin Chin , Fang Wen-Hui , Hsu Chia-Jung , Chen Sy-Jou , Huang Kuo-Hua , Lin Wei-Shiang , Tsai Chien-Sung , Kuo Chih-Chun , Chau Tom , Yang Stephen JH , Lin Shih-Hua
Published: March 2020

Background

The detection of dyskalemias—hypokalemia and hyperkalemia—currently depends on laboratory tests. Since cardiac tissue is very sensitive to dyskalemia, electrocardiography (ECG) may be able to uncover clinically important dyskalemias before laboratory results.

Objective

Our study aimed to develop a deep-learning model, ECG12Net, to detect dyskalemias based on ECG presentations and to evaluate the logic and performance of this model.

Methods

Spanning from May 2011 to December 2016, 66,321 ECG records with corresponding serum potassium (K+) concentrations were obtained from 40,180 patients admitted to the emergency department. ECG12Net is an 82-layer convolutional neural network that estimates serum K+ concentration. Six clinicians—three emergency physicians and three cardiologists—participated in human-machine competition. Sensitivity, specificity, and balance accuracy were used to evaluate the performance of ECG12Net with that of these physicians.

Results

In a human-machine competition including 300 ECGs of different serum K+ concentrations, the area under the curve for detecting hypokalemia and hyperkalemia with ECG12Net was 0.926 and 0.958, respectively, which was significantly better than that of our best clinicians. Moreover, in detecting hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, the sensitivities were 96.7% and 83.3%, respectively, and the specificities were 93.3% and 97.8%, respectively. In a test set including 13,222 ECGs, ECG12Net had a similar performance in terms of sensitivity for severe hypokalemia (95.6%) and severe hyperkalemia (84.5%), with a mean absolute error of 0.531. The specificities for detecting hypokalemia and hyperkalemia were 81.6% and 96.0%, respectively.

Conclusions

A deep-learning model based on a 12-lead ECG may help physicians promptly recognize severe dyskalemias and thereby potentially reduce cardiac events.
Development and Validation of the Reasons to Exergame (RTEX) Scale in Young Adults: Exploratory Factors Analysis
Authors: O'Loughlin Erin , Sabiston Catherine M , Kakinami Lisa , McGrath Jennifer J , Consalvo Mia , O'Loughlin Jennifer L , Barnett Tracie A
Published: March 2020

Background

Exergaming is associated with positive health benefits; however, little is known about what motivates young people to exergame.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a new Reasons to Exergame (RTEX) scale and describe its psychometric properties (Study 1) including test-retest reliability (Study 2). We also examined the test-retest reliability of self-report exergaming behavior measures (Study 2).

Methods

We identified scale items in consultation with experts. In Study 1, we conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis of RTEX and examined how the factors identified relate to exergaming frequency and intensity in a population-based sample of 272 young adults. In Study 2, we examined the test-retest reliability of RTEX factors and self-report measures of past-week exergaming frequency and intensity among 147 college students.

Results

We identified four factors in RTEX: exergaming for fitness, exergaming for enjoyment, preferring exergaming over other gaming options, and choosing exergaming over competing interests (eg, sports). Test-retest reliability of RTEX factors (ICC 0.7-0.8) and self-report exergaming frequency (ICC 0.4-0.9) was adequate. Exergaming for fitness and enjoyment were positively associated with the frequency of exergaming with friends and family, and with exergaming intensity. Preferring exergaming over other gaming options and choosing exergaming over competing interests (eg, sports) were not related to exergaming behavior.

Conclusions

RTEX is a psychometrically sound scale with four factors that measure reasons to exergame. Replication of these findings is needed in larger, more diverse samples.
Online Impact and Presence of a Specialized Social Media Team for the Journal of Neurosurgery: Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Linzey Joseph R , Robertson Faith , Haider Ali S , Graffeo Christopher Salvatore , Wang Justin Z , Shasby Gillian , Alotaibi Naif M , Cohen-Gadol Aaron A , Rutka James T
Published: March 2020

Background

Social media use continues to gain momentum in academic neurosurgery. To increase journal impact and broaden engagement, many scholarly publications have turned to social media to disseminate research. The Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG) established a dedicated, specialized social media team (SMT) in November 2016 to provide targeted improvement in digital outreach.

Objective

The goal of this study was to examine the impact of the JNSPG SMT as measured by increased engagement.

Methods

We analyzed various metrics, including impressions, engagements, retweets, likes, profile clicks, and URL clicks, from consecutive social media posts from the JNSPG’s Twitter and Facebook platforms between February 1, 2015 and February 28, 2019. Standard descriptive statistics were utilized.

Results

Between February 2015 and October 2016, when a specialized SMT was created, 170 tweets (8.1 tweets/month) were posted compared to 3220 tweets (115.0 tweets/month) between November 2016 and February 2019. All metrics significantly increased, including the impressions per tweet (mean 1646.3, SD 934.9 vs mean 4605.6, SD 65,546.5; P=.01), engagements per tweet (mean 35.2, SD 40.6 vs mean 198.2, SD 1037.2; P<.001), retweets (mean 2.5, SD 2.8 vs mean 10.5, SD 15.3; P<.001), likes (mean 2.5, SD 4.0 vs mean 18.0, SD 37.9; P<.001), profile clicks (mean 1.5, SD 2.0 vs mean 5.2, SD 43.3; P<.001), and URL clicks (mean 13.1, SD 14.9 vs mean 38.3, SD 67.9; P<.001). Tweets that were posted on the weekend compared to weekdays had significantly more retweets (mean 9.2, SD 9.8 vs mean 13.4, SD 25.6; P<.001), likes (mean 15.3, SD 17.9 vs mean 23.7, SD 70.4; P=.001), and URL clicks (mean 33.4, SD 40.5 vs mean 49.5, SD 117.3; P<.001). Between November 2015 and October 2016, 49 Facebook posts (2.3 posts/month) were sent compared to 2282 posts (81.5 posts/month) sent between November 2016 and February 2019. All Facebook metrics significantly increased, including impressions (mean 5475.9, SD 5483.0 vs mean 8506.1, SD 13,113.9; P<.001), engagements (mean 119.3, SD 194.8 vs mean 283.8, SD 733.8; P<.001), and reach (mean 2266.6, SD 2388.3 vs mean 5344.1, SD 8399.2; P<.001). Weekend Facebook posts had significantly more impressions per post (mean 7967.9, SD 9901.0 vs mean 9737.8, SD 19,013.4; P=.03) and a higher total reach (mean 4975.8, SD 6309.8 vs mean 6108.2, SD 12,219.7; P=.03) than weekday posts.

Conclusions

Social media has been established as a crucial tool for the propagation of neurosurgical research and education. Implementation of the JNSPG specialized SMT had a demonstrable impact on increasing the online visibility of social media content.
Excessive Smartphone Use and Self-Esteem Among Adults With Internet Gaming Disorder: Quantitative Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Hyunmin , Choi In Young , Kim Dai-Jin
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Smartphone overuse can harm individual health and well-being. Although several studies have explored the relationship between problematic or excessive smartphone use and mental health, much less is known about effects on self-esteem, which is essential in having a healthy life, among adults with mental health disorders, including internet gaming disorder. Furthermore, given that smartphone usage differs by gender, little is known about gender differences in the relationship between smartphone overuse and self-esteem.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to assess self-esteem among individuals with mental health disorders and explore the relationship with excessive smartphone use.

METHODS

Participants were selected based on their responses to the internet gaming disorder assessment, which includes 9 items developed based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) criteria, from among a Korean cohort of smartphone users aged 20-40 years, resulting in a sample of 189 participants (men:120, women: 69). The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale were utilized to assess the outcome self-esteem with excessive smartphone use as the primary independent variable. Guided by the Bowlby attachment theory and prior studies, we selected several covariates. Generalized linear regression analyses, as well as subgroup analyses by gender, were performed.

RESULTS

Among adults with internet gaming disorder, the average Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale score was significantly higher in women than that in men (41.30 vs. 37.94; P=.001), and excessive smartphone use was significantly more prevalent in women than it was in men (30.43% vs. 20.83%; P=.02). Our findings from the generalized linear regression analyses indicated that an increase in Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale score had a negative relationship with self-esteem among those with internet gaming disorder (β=–0.18, P=.001). Furthermore, our interaction models showed that, among those with internet gaming disorder, more men than women had lower self-esteem associated with an increase in Korean smartphone addiction proneness scale score and a high degree of smartphone overuse (β=–0.19, P=.004; β=–3.73, P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Excessive smartphone use was found to be adversely associated with self-esteem among young and middle-aged adults with internet gaming disorder; notably, more men than women were negatively influenced (regarding self-esteem) by smartphone overuse. Based on our findings, more efforts should be made to reduce excessive or problematic smartphone use by considering developing public health interventions or policy, particularly among those with mental health disorders such as internet gaming disorder.
Machine Learning–Based Screening of Healthy Meals From Image Analysis: System Development and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sudo Kyoko , Murasaki Kazuhiko , Kinebuchi Tetsuya , Kimura Shigeko , Waki Kayo
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Recent research has led to the development of many information technology–supported systems for health care control, including systems estimating nutrition from images of meals. Systems that capture data about eating and exercise are useful for people with diabetes as well as for people who are simply on a diet. Continuous monitoring is key to effective dietary control, requiring systems that are simple to use and motivate users to pay attention to their meals. Unfortunately, most current systems are complex or fail to motivate. Such systems require some manual inputs such as selection of an icon or image, or by inputting the category of the user’s food. The nutrition information fed back to users is not especially helpful, as only the estimated detailed nutritional values contained in the meal are typically provided.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, we introduce healthiness of meals as a more useful and meaningful general standard, and present a novel algorithm that can estimate healthiness from meal images without requiring manual inputs.

METHODS

We propose a system that estimates meal healthiness using a deep neural network that extracts features and a ranking network that learns the relationship between the degrees of healthiness of a meal using a dataset prepared by a human dietary expert. First, we examined whether a registered dietitian can judge the healthiness of meals solely by viewing meal images using a small dataset (100 meals). We then generated ranking data based on comparisons of sets of meal images (850 meals) by a registered dietitian’s viewing meal images and trained a ranking network. Finally, we estimated each meal’s healthiness score to detect unhealthy meals.

RESULTS

The ranking estimated by the proposed network and the ranking of healthiness based on the dietitian’s judgment were correlated (correlation coefficient 0.72). In addition, extracting network features through pretraining with a publicly available large meal dataset enabled overcoming the limited availability of specific healthiness data.

CONCLUSIONS

We have presented an image-based system that can rank meals in terms of the overall healthiness of the dishes constituting the meal. The ranking obtained by the proposed method showed a good correlation to nutritional value–based ranking by a dietitian. We then proposed a network that allows conditions that are important for judging the meal image, extracting features that eliminate background information and are independent of location. Under these conditions, the experimental results showed that our network achieves higher accuracy of healthiness ranking estimation than the conventional image ranking method. The results of this experiment in detecting unhealthy meals suggest that our system can be used to assist health care workers in establishing meal plans for patients with diabetes who need advice in choosing healthy meals.
Implicaturas generalizadas en español: un abordaje experimental
Authors: Loredo Rodrigo , Kamienkowski Juan , Jaichenco Virginia
Published: March 2020

Las implicaturas conversacionales generalizadas (ICG) son un tipo de inferencia pragmática que se caracteriza por una derivación que sigue ciertas regularidades y que es relativamente independiente del contexto de situación (Grice, 1989). Existen dos modelos de procesamiento sobre este fenómeno desde una perspectiva cognitiva (Noveck & Reboul, 2008): 1) el modelo del procesamiento por default (Levinson, 2000) sostiene que el significado pragmático de las ICG se procesa automáticamente y que el contexto interviene tardíamente; 2) el modelo de procesamiento guiado por el contexto (Sperber & Wilson, 1995) considera que la información contextual interviene tempranamente para iniciar el proceso de derivación. Diversos estudios experimentales han cuestionado las hipótesis de estos modelos (Bezuidenhout & Cutting, 2002; Breheny, Katsos & Williams, 2006), sin embargo, a pesar de utilizar las mismas metodologías arribaron a resultados contrapuestos. En este trabajo reportamos los resultados de un experimento de juicios de aceptabilidad realizado con la implicatura escalar producida por el cuantificador algunos (Horn, 1984). Los resultados sugieren que el contexto que precede a la implicatura influye en su procesamiento tardíamente, en línea con las predicciones del modelo por default.
Presentación de la revista Crítica
Authors: Dirección Comité
Published: March 2020

Presentación
Sobre la eliminación de los contextos oblicuos
Authors: Simpson Thomas M.
Published: March 2020

Resumen
En torno de la Teoría de Alf Ross
Authors: García Máynez Eduardo
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Alberto Moreno, ¿Qué es la Lógica Matemática?
Authors: Coffa José Alberto
Published: March 2020

Resumen
F. Waismann, The Principles of Linguistic Philosophy
Authors: Hiriart Hugo
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Logique et Analyse: No. 33
Authors: Bulygin Eugenio
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Singular and Particular
Authors: Hartman Robert S.
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A Note on Operationism
Authors: Wilson Fred
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Deontic Logic and the Theory of Conditions
Authors: Von Wright G.H.
Published: March 2020

Abstract
On Promising and its Justice, and Whether it Needs be Respected In Foro Interno
Authors: Anscombe G.E.M.
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Desirability Characterisations
Authors: Gosling J.C.
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Grossmann Reinhardt, Reflections on Frege's Philosophy
Authors: Padilla Hugo
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Self-sacrificial leadership and employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior: Roles of identification with leaders and collectivism
Authors: Yang Jianchun , Lu Lu , Yao Nan , Liang Chaochao
Published: March 2020

Employee behavior that is unethical but that may potentially benefit the organization is termed unethical pro-organizational behavior. Based on social identity theory, we examined the influence of a self-sacrificial leadership style on employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior,
as well as the mediating effect of identification with leader and the moderating role of collectivism. Participants were 336 Chinese employees in different industries including telecommunications, manufacturing, and catering. Results show that self-sacrificial leadership was positively related
to the employees' unethical proorganizational behavior, and the positive influence was mediated by identification with leader. Additionally, collectivism moderated the relationship between self-sacrificial leadership and the employees' unethical pro-organizational behavior, such that the positive
relationship between self-sacrificial leadership and unethical proorganizational behavior was stronger when collectivism was higher. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Coach–autonomy support and youth sport team efficacy mediated by coach–athlete relationship
Authors: Cho Sun-Lyoung , Baek Woo-Yeul
Published: March 2020

In most previous research on the relationships between coach–autonomy support, the coach–athlete relationship, and team efficacy in team sports, the focus has been on adult players, limiting the generalizability of the findings to other age groups. Thus, we investigated
the mediating role of the coach–athlete relationship in the link between coach–autonomy support and team efficacy in a youth team sports context. Participants were 254 Korean youth athletes. Results showed that coach–autonomy support served as a crucial antecedent of the
coach–athlete relationship and team efficacy. Further, the coach–athlete relationship had a significant effect on team efficacy. We also confirmed a partial mediating effect of the coach–athlete relationship in the link between coach–autonomy support and team efficacy
in a youth team sports context. Our findings provide insight into the psychological sources of team efficacy in youth team sports.
Short Boredom Proneness Scale: Adaptation and validation of a Chinese version with college students
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Guo Wei , Zhao Luming , Han Xiaochen , Wu Shengjun
Published: March 2020

We translated the Short Boredom Proneness Scale (SBPS) into Chinese and tested its psychometric properties with 694 Chinese college students. Of the participants, 103 completed the reverse-worded Boredom Proneness Scale-Short Form, and 591 completed the Chinese version of the SBPS,
the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale, the Self-Rating Depression Scale, the short version of the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Scale. We recalled 117 participants 4 weeks later and they completed the SBPS again. Factor analysis
supported the 1-factor model of the SBPS, as well as the reverse-worded Boredom Proneness Scale-Short Form. Excellent internal consistency of the SBPS was obtained. Additionally, the results for the SBPS were significantly correlated with the state boredom, depression, loneliness, and life
satisfaction of the participants. The results supported the cross-cultural consistency of the 1-factor model of boredom proneness, and showed that the Chinese version of the SBPS has excellent validity and reliability.
Introduction to the Special Issue. Connecting sociological research with social problems and public policies: implications for Southern European Societies
Authors: Venegas Mar , Martín-Lagos María Dolores , Romão Ana , Baptista Luis
Published: March 2020

Europe is facing new and radical challenges that demand extraordinary resilience from EU members, especially southern European societies, because of their outlying position and specific social problems in comparison with their EU neighbours. The difficulties of building a united Europe in the wake of the economic, financial and political crisis have exposed divergences in EU governance. In this context, sociology is an important tool to inform public policies and to provide the general public with an understanding of current challenges. The uses of sociology have social, political and practical implications in fields that are especially significant for southern European societies, such as welfare, work and employment, education, migration, social cohesion and political participation.
However, the usual tensions in the organization of scientific research are now particularly intense in terms of how the sociological knowledge utility is understood and communicated. The trend toward internationalization in current research systems forces research communities to compete in a global market of scientific production, where English is the dominant language, and to publish results for an academic audience. Simultaneously there is a pressing need to make sociological knowledge relevant and applicable to regional and localproblems.
RANCANG BANGUN GAME EDUKATIF “MUSLIMAH ADVENTURE” SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH MEMANFAATKAN APLIKASI SCRATCH 2.0
Authors: AR Khairan , Nanda Resi Rizki , Prajana Andika , Wahid Mulyadi Abdul
Published: March 2020

Penelitian dengan tajuk musliman adventure ini, dilakukan untuk membuat game dengan tema petualangan bagi muslimah menggunakan aplikasi scratch 2.0 dengan metode Riset and Development (R&D) dengan tahapan pengembangan game adalah: analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan pengujian. Selain itu, untuk memastikan bahwa game yang dirancang sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, penulis melakukan pengujian kelayakan serta penerimaan game oleh ahli media dan mahasiswa.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh hasil kelayakan materi sebesar 4.24 dengan kategori sangat layak. Sedangkan ahli media memberikan penilaian sebesar 4.33 dengan kategori sangat layak. Adapun angket yang disebarkan pada mahasiswi, diperoleh skor rata-rata 4.07 dengan prediket baik. Didasarkan pada hasil pengujian tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa game dengan tema muslimah advanture ini layak untuk dijadikan media dakwah bagi mahasiswi Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh.
Blockchain-based agri-food supply chain management: case study in China
Authors: Fu Hao , Zhao Cuiping , Cheng Chuanxing , Ma Hengyun
Published: March 2020

The fundamental purpose of agri-food supply chain management is to restrict opportunism caused by information asymmetry. Traditional Chinese agri-food supply chain management introduces a contract mechanism and a trust mechanism to manage the uncertainty of the agri-food quasi-organization. However, it is almost impossible to improve the efficiency of transactions and maintain agri-food supply chain stability in the case of asymmetric information. Nowadays, blockchain, Internet of Things technology and big data drive the agri-food supply chain into a vast smart network which would break the information constraints. This paper analyzes the coupling between blockchain-based digital system and the agri-food supply chain. In addition, this paper presents two cases from China, indicating that the proposed blockchain-based system can achieve disruptive transformation in agri-food supply chain management.
PELATIHAN ILUSTRASI FASHION UNTUK SISWA SMU/SMK JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Muthi'ah Waridah
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPendidikan berbasis potensi belum menyentuh ranah pendidikan dasar dan menengah di Indonesia, hal ini menimbulkan SDM sangat lamban untuk menentukan minat mereka saat menjalani pendidikan. Program kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat merupakan terapan ilmu yang dapat diaplikasikan secara langsung kepada masyarakat maupun peserta didik. Melalui program ini, masyarakat maupun peserta didik (siswa) diharapkan dapat mengembangkan potensi maupun menentukan arah minat mereka.Pelatihan ilustrasi fashion merupakan salah satu bekal keterampilan yang edukatif. Melalui pelatihan ilustrasi fashion, siswa mampu mengenal ilmu secara aplikatif serta dapat mengenal peluang usaha melalui industri kreatif sejak dini. Pada pelatihan ini, peserta diberikan pengetahuan mengenai teknik membuat sketsa fashion, anatomi fashion model, gesture, gaya dann tekstur busana, serta mewarnai sketsa fashion dengan teknik yang mudah dan sederhana. Pada akhir pelatihan, peserta dapat mempresentasikan karya yang dihasilkan sehingga kegiatan ini juga menjadi ajang untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri peserta didik.
TINJAUAN ERGONOMI DAN ANTROPOMETRI PADA KAIN GENDONG TRADISIONAL (JARIK GENDONG)
Authors: Octiva Enjia , Soedarwanto Hady
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ke Ergonomi dan Antropometri alat bantu gendong yaitu Kain Gendong Tradisional (Jarik Gendong). Di era modern saat ini, penggunaan kain gendong tradisional (Jarik Gendong) tidak begitu lagi diminati, karena dianggap banyak kekhawatiran pengguna terhadap penggunaannya. Penelitian ini melakukan pengamatan kepada objek Kain Gendong Tradisional (Jarik Gendong) yang digunakan oleh ibu-ibu di era modern saat ini, untuk melihat kelebihan dan kekurangan dari Kain Gendong Tradisional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara kepada pengguna Kain Gendong Tradisional (Jarik Gendong). ABSTRACT This research aims to knowing the Ergonomics and Anthropometry carrying tools namely Traditional Carrying Cloth (Jarik Gendong/ carrying). In The modern era, using Traditional Carrying Cloth (Jarik Gendong/ carrying) is no longer in demand, because it is considered a lot of user concern about its use.This research observes the object of the Traditional Carrying Cloth (Jarik Gendong) used by mothers in the modern era today, to see the advantages and disadvantages of the Traditional Carrying Cloth. The research method used was observation and interviews with the traditional cloth carrier (Jarik Gendong) user.
RAGAM MODIFIKASI RUANG DALAM ANGKUTAN KOTA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN DAN KENYAMANAN
Authors: Ramadhan Ali , Pertiwi Yuliagita Mentari
Published: March 2020

Angkutan kota merupakan salah satu alternatif kendaraan yang digunakan untuk melakukan kegiatan perpindahan tempat. Angkutan kota sebagai salah satu pilihan masyarakat yang digunakan untuk dapat mengakomodasikan kegiatan mereka yang berada di tempat lain. Modifikasi merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk dapat menarik perhatian. Dengan adanya modifikasi, maka diharapkan dapat memberikan daya tarik orang untuk dapat melihat lebih bahkan untuk dapat mencoba. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan hasil mengenai adanya hubungan yang terjadi antara keragaman modifikasi yang dilakukan sebagai salah satu bentuk dari pelayanan yang diberikan dari pengemudi dan pemilik angkutan kota sehingga akan berdampak kepada hadirnya daya tarik dengan dilakukannya modifikasi pada ruang dalam angkutan kota. Modifikasi yang dilakukan pada angkutan kota, telah sampai pada setiap bagian luar atau ruang dalam dari angkutan kota. Dengan adanya ragam modifikasi yang dilakukan pada ruang dalam angkutan kota maka dituntut juga untuk dapat memberikan pelayanan yang baik.