bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The water depth-dependent co-occurrence patterns of marine bacteria in shallow and dynamic Southern Coast, Korea
Authors: Cui Yingshun , Chun Seong-Jun , Baek Seung Ho , Lee Minji , Kim Yunji , Lee Hyung-Gwan , Ko So-Ra , Hwang Seungwoo , Ahn Chi-Yong , Oh Hee-Mock
Published: June 2019

To investigate the interactions between bacterial species in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental fluctuations, free-living (FL), nanoparticle-associated (NP), and microparticle-associated (MP) bacterial community compositions (BCCs) were analyzed. A total of 267 samples were collected from July to December 2016 in the dynamic and shallow southern coastal water of Korea. The variations in BCC mostly depended on planktonic size fraction. Network analysis revealed water depth-dependent co-occurrence patterns of coastal bacterial communities. Higher interspecies connectivity was observed within FL bacteria than NP/MP bacteria, suggesting that FL bacteria with a streamlined genome may need other bacterial metabolites for survival, while the NP/MP copiotrophs may have the self-supporting capacity to produce the vital nutrients. The analysis of topological roles of individual OTUs in the network revealed that several groups of metabolically versatile bacteria (the marine Roseobacters, Flavobacteriales, Desulfobacterales, and SAR406 clade) acted as module hubs in different water depth. In conclusion, interspecies interactions dominated in FL bacteria, compared to NP and MP bacteria; modular structures of bacterial communities and keystone species strongly depended on the water depth-derived environmental factors. Furthermore, the multifunctional, versatile FL bacteria could play pivotal roles in dynamic shallow coastal ecosystems.
Uhlmann number in translational invariant systems
Authors: Leonforte Luca , Valenti Davide , Spagnolo Bernardo , Carollo Angelo
Published: June 2019

We define the Uhlmann number as an extension of the Chern number, and we use this quantity to describe the topology of 2D translational invariant Fermionic systems at finite temperature. We consider two paradigmatic systems and we study the changes in their topology through the Uhlmann number. Through the linear response theory we link two geometrical quantities of the system, the mean Uhlmann curvature and the Uhlmann number, to directly measurable physical quantities, i.e. the dynamical susceptibility and the dynamical conductivity, respectively. In particular, we derive a non-zero temperature generalisation of the Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-den Nijs formula.
Genomic, morphological and functional characterisation of novel bacteriophage FNU1 capable of disrupting Fusobacterium nucleatum biofilms
Authors: Kabwe Mwila , Brown Teagan L. , Dashper Stuart , Speirs Lachlan , Ku Heng , Petrovski Steve , Chan Hiu Tat , Lock Peter , Tucci Joseph
Published: June 2019

Fusobacterium nucleatum is an important oral bacterium that has been linked to the development of chronic diseases such as periodontitis and colorectal cancer. In periodontal disease, F. nucleatum forms the backbone of the polymicrobial biofilm and in colorectal cancer is implicated in aetiology, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. The control of this bacteria may be important in assisting treatment of these diseases. With increased rates of antibiotic resistance globally, there is need for development of alternatives such as bacteriophages, which may complement existing therapies. Here we describe the morphology, genomics and functional characteristics of FNU1, a novel bacteriophage lytic against F. nucleatum. Transmission electron microscopy revealed FNU1 to be a large Siphoviridae virus with capsid diameter of 88 nm and tail of approximately 310 nm in length. Its genome was 130914 bp, with six tRNAs, and 8% of its ORFs encoding putative defence genes. FNU1 was able to kill cells within and significantly reduce F. nucleatum biofilm mass. The identification and characterisation of this bacteriophage will enable new possibilities for the treatment and prevention of F. nucleatum associated diseases to be explored.
Dual β-lactam combination therapy for multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: enhanced efficacy in vivo and comparison with monotherapies of penicillin-binding protein inhibition
Authors: Siriyong Thanyaluck , Murray Rachael M. , Bidgood Lucy E. , Young Simon A. , Wright Florence , Parcell Benjamin J. , Voravuthikunchai Supayang Piyawan , Coote Peter J.
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of dual β-lactam combination treatments derived from eight approved drugs against Galleria mellonella larvae infected with MDR strains of P. aeruginosa. Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa NCTC 13437 and an unrelated clinical isolate were used to infect G. mellonella larvae and the efficacy of twenty-eight dual β-lactam combination therapies were compared to their constituent monotherapies. For the most potent combinations identified, penicillin-binding protein (PBP) inhibition profiles were measured and compared with each constituent antibiotic. Five of the dual β-lactam combinations resulted in greater than 70% survival of infected G. mellonella. Two combinations showed potent, enhanced efficacy versus both strains − ceftazidime + meropenem and aztreonam + meropenem. Comparison of PBP inhibition profiles revealed that the enhanced efficacy of these two dual β-lactam combinations could not be explained by more potent inhibition of PBPs or inhibition of a broader range of PBPs. A possible contribution to the enhanced efficacy of the combinations could be stimulation of innate immunity via increased haemocyte numbers compared to their constituent monotherapies. Combinations of β-lactam antibiotics show promise in overcoming MDR P. aeruginosa and are worthy of additional study and development.
Spectrally filtered passive Si photodiode array for on-chip fluorescence imaging of intracellular calcium dynamics
Authors: Xiong Zheshun , Hwang Fuu-Jiun , Sun Feng , Xie Yaowei , Mao Dacheng , Li Geng-Lin , Xu Guangyu
Published: June 2019

On-chip fluorescence imaging devices are recognized for their miniaturized and implantable nature that can benefit the study of intracellular dynamics at a variety of settings. However, it is challenging to integrate a spectral filter onto such devices (to block the excitation light) that has similar performance to the state-of-the-art emission filters used in fluorescence microscopes. In this work, we report a 100%-yield, spectrally filtered passive Si photodiode array designed for on-chip fluorescence imaging of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics. Coated with a spectral filter layer that has a high extinction ratio (>103), our array features high wavelength selectivity (>102), high linearity (R2 > 0.98), and low detection limit (45.1 μW 640/30 nm light). Employing fluorescence microscopy as the reference, we demonstrate that our array can conduct on-chip Ca2+ imaging in C2C12 cells that were chemically triggered to increase their intracellular Ca2+ levels. Importantly, our array-level data qualitatively captured the static fluorescence image of the cells and the intracellular Ca2+ dynamics, both of which are correlated with the microscope-collected data. Our results suggest the possible use of the spectrally filtered array towards a miniaturized on-chip fluorescence imaging device, which may open up new opportunities in tissue-level pharmaceutical screening and fundamental studies on cell networks.
Left hemisphere enhancement of auditory activation in language impaired children
Authors: van Bijnen Sam , Kärkkäinen Salme , Helenius Päivi , Parviainen Tiina
Published: June 2019

Specific language impairment (SLI) is a developmental disorder linked to deficient auditory processing. In this magnetoencephalography (MEG) study we investigated a specific prolonged auditory response (N250m) that has been reported predominantly in children and is associated with level of language skills. We recorded auditory responses evoked by sine-wave tones presented alternately to the right and left ear of 9–10-year-old children with SLI (n = 10) and children with typical language development (n = 10). Source analysis was used to isolate the N250m response in the left and right hemisphere. In children with language impairment left-hemisphere N250m responses were enhanced compared to those of controls, while no group difference was found in the right hemisphere. Consequently, language impaired children lacked the typical right-ward asymmetry that was found in control children. Furthermore, left but not right hemisphere N250m responses correlated positively with performance on a phonological processing task in the SLI group exclusively, possibly signifying a compensatory mechanism for delayed maturation of language processing. These results suggest that enhanced left-hemisphere auditory activation reflects a core neurophysiological manifestation of developmental language disorders, and emphasize the relevance of this developmentally specific activation pattern for competent language development.
Effects of Relaxing Music on Healthy Sleep
Authors: Cordi Maren Jasmin , Ackermann Sandra , Rasch Björn
Published: June 2019

Sleep is vital for human health and wellbeing, and sleep disturbances are comorbid to many mental and physiological disorders. Music consistently improves subjective sleep quality, whereas results for objective sleep parameters diverge. These inconsistencies might be due to inter-individual differences. Here, 27 female subjects listened to either music or a control text before a 90 minutes nap in a within-subjects design. We show that music improved subjective sleep quality as compared to the text condition. In all participants, music resulted in a reduced amount of sleep stage N1 during the nap. In addition, music significantly increased the amount of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and increased the low/high frequency power ratio. However, these effects occurred only in participants with a low suggestibility index. We conclude that listening to music before a nap can improve subjective and objective sleep parameters in some participants.
Scaling laws explain foraminiferal pore patterns
Authors: Richirt Julien , Champmartin Stéphane , Schweizer Magali , Mouret Aurélia , Petersen Jassin , Ambari Abdelhak , Jorissen Frans J.
Published: June 2019

Due to climate warming and increased anthropogenic impact, a decrease of ocean water oxygenation is expected in the near future, with major consequences for marine life. In this context, it is essential to develop reliable tools to assess past oxygen concentrations in the ocean, to better forecast these future changes. Recently, foraminiferal pore patterns have been proposed as a bottom water oxygenation proxy, but the parameters controlling foraminiferal pore patterns are still largely unknown. Here we use scaling laws to describe how both gas exchanges (metabolic needs) and mechanical constraints (shell robustness) control foraminiferal pore patterns. The derived mathematical model shows that only specific combinations of pore density and size are physically feasible. Maximum porosity, of about 30%, can only be obtained by simultaneously increasing pore size and decreasing pore density. A large empirical data set of pore data obtained for three pseudocryptic phylotypes ofAmmonia, a common intertidal genus from the eastern Atlantic, strongly supports this conclusion. These new findings provide basic mechanistic understanding of the complex controls of foraminiferal pore patterns and give a solid starting point for the development of proxies of past oxygen concentrations based on these morphological features. Pore size and pore density are largely interdependent, and both have to be considered when describing pore patterns.
Accomplishing a N-E-W (nutrient-energy-water) synergy in a bioelectrochemical nitritation-anammox process
Authors: Ghimire Umesh , Gude Veera Gnaneswar
Published: June 2019

This study reports an investigation of the concept, application and performance of a novel bioelectrochemical nitritation-anammox microbial desalination cell (MDC) for resource-efficient wastewater treatment and desalination. Two configurations of anammox MDCs (anaerobic-anammox cathode MDC (AnAmoxMDC) and nitration-anammox cathode MDC (NiAmoxMDC)) were compared with an air cathode MDC (CMDC), operated in fed-batch mode. Results from this study showed that the maximum power density produced by NiAmoxMDC (1,007 mW/m3) was higher than that of AnAmoxMDC (444 mW/m3) and CMDC (952 mW/m3). More than 92% of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal was achieved in NiAmoxMDC, significantly higher than AnAmoxMDC (84%) and CMDC (77%). The NiAmoxMDC performed better than CMDC and AnAmoxMDC in terms of power density, COD removal and salt removal in desalination chamber. In addition, cyclic voltammetry analysis of anammox cathode showed a redox peak centered at −140 mV Vs Ag/AgCl confirming the catalytic activity of anammox bacteria towards the electron transfer process. Further, net energy balance of the NiAmoxMDC was the highest (NiAmoxMDC-0.022 kWh/m3>CMDC-0.019 kWh/m3>AnAmoxMDC-0.021 kWh/m3) among the three configurations. This study demonstrated, for the first time, a N-E-W synergy for resource-efficient wastewater treatment using nitritation-anammox process.
Robust closed-loop control of spike-and-wave discharges in a thalamocortical computational model of absence epilepsy
Authors: Ge Yafang , Cao Yuzhen , Yi Guosheng , Han Chunxiao , Qin Yingmei , Wang Jiang , Che Yanqiu
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we investigate the abatement of spike-and-wave discharges in a thalamocortical model using a closed-loop brain stimulation method. We first explore the complex states and various transitions in the thalamocortical computational model of absence epilepsy by using bifurcation analysis. We demonstrate that the Hopf and double cycle bifurcations are the key dynamical mechanisms of the experimental observed bidirectional communications during absence seizures through top-down cortical excitation and thalamic feedforward inhibition. Then, we formulate the abatement of epileptic seizures to a closed-loop tracking control problem. Finally, we propose a neural network based sliding mode feedback control system to drive the dynamics of pathological cortical area to track the desired normal background activities. The control system is robust to uncertainties and disturbances, and its stability is guaranteed by Lyapunov stability theorem. Our results suggest that the seizure abatement can be modeled as a tracking control problem and solved by a robust closed-loop control method, which provides a promising brain stimulation strategy.
eDNA-based monitoring of parasitic plant (Sapria himalayana)
Authors: Osathanunkul Maslin
Published: June 2019

Sapria himalayana Griffith., is a root parasitic plant that is exceptionally beautiful and odd-looking and found in Southeast Asia. Now these plants are at risk of extinction as they face a large number of different threats. Appropriate measures and conservation plans are needed and one crucial key for successful conservation is species monitoring. The flower is the only part of S. himalayana that is visible during a short period of time of the year. Thus, conducting a visual survey in the field at the other times of the year would be difficult. DNA from living organisms could be found accumulating in environment and so-called environmental DNA (eDNA). Here, an eDNA-based method was developed to specifically monitor S. himalayana in nature. Detecting the specifically generated amplicons allowed us to monitor the presence of S. himalayana at any time of the year. This developed method would increase the conservation success of the S. himalayana.
Loss of putzig in the germline impedes germ cell development by inducing cell death and new niche like microenvironments
Authors: Kober Ludmilla , Zimmermann Mirjam , Kurz Michaela , Bayer Melanie , Nagel Anja C.
Published: June 2019

Germline stem cell development and differentiation is tightly controlled by the surrounding somatic cells of the stem cell niche. In Drosophila females, cells of the niche emit various signals including Dpp and Wg to balance stem cell renewal and differentiation. Here, we show that the gene pzg is autonomously required in cells of the germline to sustain the interplay between niche and stem cells. Loss of pzg impairs stem cell differentiation and provokes the death of cells in the germarium. As a consequence of pzg loss, increased growth signalling activity predominantly of Dpp and Wg/Wnt, was observed, eventually disrupting the balance of germ cell self-renewal and differentiation. Whereas in the soma, apoptosis-induced compensatory growth is well established, the induction of self-renewal signals during oogenesis cannot compensate for dying germ cells, albeit inducing a new niche-like microenvironment. Instead, they impair the further development of germ cells and cause in addition a forward and feedback loop of cell death.
Radiation-Induced Bystander Effect is Mediated by Mitochondrial DNA in Exosome-Like Vesicles
Authors: Ariyoshi Kentaro , Miura Tomisato , Kasai Kosuke , Fujishima Yohei , Nakata Akifumi , Yoshida Mitsuaki
Published: June 2019

Exosome-like vesicles (ELV) are involved in mediating radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE). Here, we used ELV from control cell conditioned medium (CCCM) and from 4 Gy of X-ray irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM), which has been used to culture normal human fibroblast cells to examine the possibility of ELV mediating RIBE signals. We investigated whether ELV from 4 Gy irradiated mouse serum mediate RIBE signals. Induction of DNA damage was observed in cells that were treated with ICCM ELV and ELV from 4 Gy irradiated mouse serum. In addition, we treated CCCM ELV and ICCM ELV with RNases, DNases, and proteinases to determine which component of ELV is responsible for RIBE. Induction of DNA damage by ICCM ELV was not observed after treatment with DNases. After treatment, DNA damages were not induced in CCCM ELV or ICCM ELV from mitochondria depleted (ρ0) normal human fibroblast cells. Further, we found significant increase in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in ICCM ELV and ELV from 4 Gy irradiated mouse serum. ELV carrying amplified mtDNA (ND1, ND5) induced DNA damage in treated cells. These data suggest that the secretion of mtDNA through exosomes is involved in mediating RIBE signals.
The Specificity of EGF-Stimulated IQGAP1 Scaffold Towards the PI3K-Akt Pathway is Defined by the IQ3 motif
Authors: Chen Mo , Choi Suyong , Jung Oisun , Wen Tianmu , Baum Christina , Thapa Narendra , Lambert Paul F. , Rapraeger Alan C. , Anderson Richard A.
Published: June 2019

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway are commonly deregulated in cancer. Recently, we have shown that the IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) provides a molecular platform to scaffold all the components of the PI3K-Akt pathway and results in the sequential generation of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI3,4,5P3). In addition to the PI3K-Akt pathway, IQGAP1 also scaffolds the Ras-ERK pathway. To define the specificity of IQGAP1 for the control of PI3K signaling, we have focused on the IQ3 motif in IQGAP1 as PIPKIα and PI3K enzymes bind this region. An IQ3 deletion mutant loses interactions with the PI3K-Akt components but retains binding to ERK and EGFR. Consistently, blocking the IQ3 motif of IQGAP1 using an IQ3 motif-derived peptide mirrors the effect of IQ3 deletion mutant by reducing Akt activation but has no impact on ERK activation. Also, the peptide disrupts the binding of IQGAP1 with PI3K-Akt pathway components, while IQGAP1 interactions with ERK and EGFR are not affected. Functionally, deleting or blocking the IQ3 motif inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in a non-additive manner to a PIPKIα inhibitor, establishing the functional specificity of IQ3 motif towards the PI3K-Akt pathway. Taken together, the IQ3 motif is a specific target for suppressing activation of the PI3K-Akt but not the Ras-ERK pathway. Although EGFR stimulates the IQGAP1-PI3K and -ERK pathways, here we show that IQGAP1-PI3K controls migration, invasion, and proliferation independent of ERK. These data illustrate that the IQ3 region of IQGAP1 is a promising therapeutic target for PI3K-driven cancer.
High level of soluble human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G at beginning of pregnancy as predictor of risk of malaria during infancy
Authors: d’Almeida Tania C. , Sadissou Ibrahim , Sagbohan Mermoz , Milet Jacqueline , Avokpaho Euripide , Gineau Laure , Sabbagh Audrey , Moutairou Kabirou , Donadi Eduardo A. , Favier Benoit , Pennetier Cédric , Baldet Thierry , Moiroux Nicolas , Carosella Edgardo , Moreau Philippe , Rouas-Freiss Nathalie , Cottrell Gilles , Courtin David , Garcia André
Published: June 2019

Placental malaria has been associated with an immune tolerance phenomenon and a higher susceptibility to malaria infection during infancy. HLA-G is involved in fetal maternal immune tolerance by inhibiting maternal immunity. During infections HLA-G can be involved in immune escape of pathogens by creating a tolerogenic environment. Recent studies have shown an association between the risk of malaria and HLA-G at both genetic and protein levels. Moreover, women with placental malaria have a higher probability of giving birth to children exhibiting high sHLA-G, independently of their own level during pregnancy. Our aim was to explore the association between the level of maternal soluble HLA-G and the risk of malaria infection in their newborns. Here, 400 pregnant women and their children were actively followed-up during 24 months. The results show a significant association between the level of sHLA-G at the first antenatal visit and the time to first malaria infection during infancy adjusted to the risk of exposure to vector bites (aHR = 1.02, 95%CI [1.01–1.03], p = 0.014). The level of sHLA-G is a significant predictor of the occurrence of malaria infection during infancy consistent with the hypothesis that mother sHLA-G could be a biomarker of malaria susceptibility in children.
Neutrophil GM-CSF signaling in inflammatory bowel disease patients is influenced by non-coding genetic variants
Authors: Venkateswaran Suresh , Denson Lee A. , Jurickova Ingrid , Dodd Anne , Zwick Michael E. , Cutler David J. , Kugathasan Subra , Okou David T.
Published: June 2019

Neutrophil dysfunction and GM-CSF auto-antibodies are observed in pediatric and adult patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). We associated damaging coding variants with low GM-CSF induced STAT5 stimulation index (GMSI) in pediatric CD patients and implicated variation of neutrophil GM-CSF signaling in cell function and disease complications. Because many CD patients with low GMSI do not carry damaging coding mutations, we sought to test the hypothesis that non-coding variants contribute to this phenotype. We enrolled, performed whole genome sequencing, and measured the GMSI in 77 CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (24 low and 53 normal GMSI). We identified 4 non-coding variants (rs3808851, rs10974787, rs10974788 and rs10974789) in RCL1 significantly associated with variation of GMSI level (p < 0.011). They were validated in two independent cohorts with: RNAseq data (n = 50) and blood eQTL dataset (n = 31,684). These variants are in LD and affect expression of JAK2 (p 0.005 to 0.013), RCL1 (p 8.17E-13 to 2.98E-11) and AK3 (p 2.00E-68 to 3.03E-55) genes. Additionally, they influence proteins involved in differentiation of gut epithelium, inflammation, and immune system regulation. In summary, our study outlines the contribution of non-coding variants in neutrophil GM-CSF signaling and the potential importance of RCL1 and AK3 in CD pathogenesis.
Sensing ultra-trace dopamine by restoration of fluorescence on locally acidified gold nanoparticles
Authors: Hu Feichi , Xu Jiying , Chen Yi
Published: June 2019

An ultra-sensitive sensor was fabricated to measure dopamine through quenching and restoring FITC fluorescence by the competitive binding of dopamine andN-acetylneuraminic acid with mercaptophenylboronic acid anchored on the gold nanoparticles.
New Schiff base chromophores composed of salicylaldehyde and naphthalimide derivatives for ion sensor applications
Authors: Yan Han , Zhong Kailiang , Lu Yun
Published: June 2019

New Schiff base chromophores with salicylaldehyde and naphthalimide structures were synthesized and characterized using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS.
One-pot synthesis of trifluoromethyl amines and perfluoroalkyl amines with CF3SO2Na and RfSO2Na
Authors: Liang Shuaishuai , Wei Jingjing , Jiang Lvqi , Liu Jie , Mumtaz Yasir , Yi Wenbin
Published: June 2019

Novel use of CF3SO2Na and RfSO2Na for the synthesis of trifluoromethyl amines and perfluoroalkyl amines was developed.
In situ synthesized PEO/NBR composite ionogels for high-performance all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Lu Chao , Chen Xi
Published: June 2019

Here, we report PEO/NBR composite iongels developed through an in situ synthesis strategy, aiming to boost the performance of supercapacitors by improving ion migration kinetics in solid polymer electrolyte.
Porous V2O5 microspheres: a high-capacity cathode material for aqueous zinc–ion batteries
Authors: Hu Ping , Zhu Ting , Ma Jingxuan , Cai Congcong , Hu Guangwu , Wang Xuanpeng , Liu Ziang , Zhou Liang , Mai Liqiang
Published: June 2019

Porous V2O5 microspheres synthesized by a spray-drying method exhibit an ultrahigh reversible capacity and superior rate and cycling performances in aqueous ZIBs.
Three coordination polymers based on 3-(3′,5′-dicarboxylphenoxy)phthalic acid and auxiliary N-donor ligands: syntheses, structures, and highly selective sensing for nitro explosives and Fe3+ ions
Authors: Wang Li-Na , Zhang Yan-Hong , Jiang Shuang , Liu Zi-Zhong
Published: June 2019

Three coordination polymers have been synthesized and compound 1 shows highly selective sensing for 2,4-dinitrophenol and Fe3+ ions.
Controlled release of siliceous species for the fabrication of highlyb-oriented MFI zeolite films
Authors: Peng Yong , Xu Ruilan , Lu Xiaofei , Jiang Xinde , Wang Zhengbao
Published: June 2019

Silicate precursor nanoparticles are complexed with 1,2-dihydroxybenzene and then gradually released to feed the secondary growth ofb-oriented MFI zeolites.
Aromaticity of unsaturated BEC4 heterocycles (E = N, P, As, Sb, O, S, Se, Te)
Authors: Brown Paul A. , Martin Caleb D. , Shuford Kevin L.
Published: June 2019

Pnictaborines trend toward lower aromaticity with higher atomic number, while chalcogenaborines support aromaticity across all isosteric substitutions.
An improved catalytic pyrolysis concept for renewable aromatics from biomass involving a recycling strategy for co-produced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Genuino Homer C. , Muizebelt Inouk , Heeres André , Schenk Niels J. , Winkelman Jos G. M. , Heeres Hero J.
Published: June 2019

Catalytic pyrolysis of crude glycerol over a shaped H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst with (partial) recycling of the product oil was studied with the incentive to improve benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) yields.
High-throughput fluorescence polarization immunoassay by using a portable fluorescence polarization imaging analyzer
Authors: Wakao Osamu , Satou Ken , Nakamura Ayano , Galkina Polina A. , Nishiyama Keine , Sumiyoshi Ken , Kurosawa Fumio , Maeki Masatoshi , Ishida Akihiko , Tani Hirofumi , Proskurnin Mikhail A. , Shigemura Koji , Hibara Akihide , Tokeshi Manabu
Published: June 2019

A portable fluorescence polarization imaging analyzer was developed for high-throughput fluorescence polarization immunoassay.
Precise and non-invasive circulating tumor cell isolation based on optical force using homologous erythrocyte binding
Authors: Hu Xuejia , Zhu Daoming , Chen Ming , Chen Keke , Liu Hailiang , Liu Wei , Yang Yi
Published: June 2019

Precise and non-invasive circulating tumor cell isolation based on optical force using homologous erythrocyte binding in a microfluidic system.
Red-NIR luminescence of Mo6 monolayered assembly directly anchored on Au(001)
Authors: Kepenekian Mikaël , Molard Yann , Costuas Karine , Lemoine Pierric , Gautier Régis , Ababou Girard Soraya , Fabre Bruno , Turban Pascal , Cordier Stéphane
Published: June 2019

The designed cluster [Mo6Bri8(NCS)a6]2− retains its multicomponent near infrared emission despite being in direct contact with a crystalline gold surface.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of a pine-branch-like ternary CuO/CuS/ZnO heterostructure under visible light irradiation
Authors: Cao Fa , Pan Zhihu , Ji Xiaohong
Published: June 2019

A pine-branch-like ternary CuO/CuS/ZnO heterostructure exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic ability toward organic dyes.
Carboxylation of terminal alkynes promoted by silver carbamate at ambient pressure
Authors: Bresciani Giulio , Marchetti Fabio , Pampaloni Guido
Published: June 2019

Simple and easily available silver and copper carbamates were investigated as catalysts for the carboxylation of terminal alkynes. Ag(O2CNMe2), combined with Cs2CO3, afforded propiolic acids at ambient CO2 pressure in satisfying yields.
Understanding the role of aluminium in determining the surface structure and electrochemical performance of layered cathodes
Authors: Liu Qi , Zhao Yunhao , Liu Weiwei , Wang Meiyu , Ding Jingjun , Feng Yuzhang , You Wenbin , Wang Peng , Guan Pengfei , Che Renchao
Published: June 2019

We elucidated the selective occupancy of Al ions and revealed the relationship between electrochemical performance and Al-ion behaviour.
Double perovskite compounds A2CuWO6(A = Sr and Ba) with p-type semiconductivity for photocatalytic water oxidation under visible light illumination
Authors: Hua Erbing , Jin Shu , Ni Shuang , Xu Xiaoxiang
Published: June 2019

Sr2CuWO6and Ba2CuWO6are novel p-type semiconductors that work well for photocatalytic water oxidation under visible light illumination.
Metal-free cascade rearrangement/radical addition/oxidative C–H annulation of propargyl alcohols with sodium sulfinates: access to 2-sulfenylindenones
Authors: Liu Changqing , Wang Bo , Guo Ziyi , Zhang Jitan , Xie Meihua
Published: June 2019

A facile protocol for the construction of 2-sulfenylindenones via one-pot cascade rearrangement/radical addition/oxidative C–H cyclization of propargyl alcohols with sodium sulfinates has been developed.
Effects of putrescine on gene expression in relation to physical barriers and antioxidant capacity in organs of weaning piglets
Authors: Liu Guangmang , Mo Weiwei , Xu Xiaomei , Wu Xianjian , Jia Gang , Zhao Hua , Chen Xiaoling , Wu Caimei , Wang Jing
Published: June 2019

Weaning stress can cause metabolic disorders, gastrointestinal dysfunction, physical barrier injury and disease susceptibility, thus leading to impaired growth and health of animals.
Characteristics of nanoparticle formation and hazardous air pollutants emitted by 3D printer operations: from emission to inhalation
Authors: Youn Jong-Sang , Seo Jeong-Won , Han Sehyun , Jeon Ki-Joon
Published: June 2019

Nanoparticle and HAP emissions from 3D printers and their deposition behavior in the human respiratory system were evaluated.
Hybrid electrolyte enables safe and practical 5 V LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 batteries
Authors: Chandra Rath Purna , Wu Chia-Jung , Patra Jagabandhu , Li Ju , Lee Tai-Chou , Yeh Ting-Ju , Chang Jeng Kuei
Published: June 2019

The 5 V electrolyte shows great compatibility with LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and graphite electrodes, high thermal stability, and good wettability toward commercial separators.
Bio-inspired sustainable and durable superhydrophobic materials: from nature to market
Authors: Ghasemlou Mehran , Daver Fugen , Ivanova Elena P. , Adhikari Benu
Published: June 2019

This review attempts to highlight the recent progress in the design, synthesis and fabrication of fluorine-free superhydrophobic surfaces.
Dithienosilole-co-5-fluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-containing regioisomeric polymers for organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Kang So-Huei , Lee Junghoon , Yoo Dahyeon , Lee Byoung Hoon , Yang Changduk
Published: June 2019

Three regioisomeric polymers reveal that specific regio-orientation of the asymmetric units in the backbone plays a crucial role in determining the polymer nature.
Correction: Pb2+ coordination-driven self-assembly of amorphous amphiphilic aromatic block copolymer into semi-crystallized nanostructures with enhanced fluorescence emission
Authors: Xie Junni , He Xiaohong , Hu Weibin , Zhou Meirong , Jia Kun , Liu Xiaobo
Published: June 2019

Correction for ‘Pb2+ coordination-driven self-assembly of amorphous amphiphilic aromatic block copolymer into semi-crystallized nanostructures with enhanced fluorescence emission’ by Junni Xie et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 1057–1064.
Obesity-induced type 2 diabetes impairs neurological recovery after stroke in correlation with decreased neurogenesis and persistent atrophy of parvalbumin-positive interneurons
Authors: Pintana Hiranya , Lietzau Grazyna , Augestad Ingrid Lovise , Chiazza Fausto , Nyström Thomas , Patrone Cesare , Darsalia Vladimer
Published: June 2019

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) hampers stroke recovery though largely undetermined mechanisms. Few preclinical studies have investigated the effect of genetic/toxin-induced diabetes on long-term stroke recovery. However, the effects of obesity-induced T2D are mostly unknown. We aimed to investigate whether obesity-induced T2D worsens long-term stroke recovery through the impairment of brain’s self-repair mechanisms – stroke-induced neurogenesis and parvalbumin (PV)+ interneurons-mediated neuroplasticity. To mimic obesity-induced T2D in the middle-age, C57bl/6j mice were fed 12 months with high-fat diet (HFD) and subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). We evaluated neurological recovery by upper-limb grip strength at 1 and 6 weeks after tMCAO. Gray and white matter damage, stroke-induced neurogenesis, and survival and potential atrophy of PV-interneurons were quantitated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) at 2 and 6 weeks after tMCAO. Obesity/T2D impaired neurological function without exacerbating brain damage. Moreover, obesity/T2D diminished stroke-induced neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and neuroblast formation in striatum and hippocampus at 2 weeks after tMCAO and abolished stroke-induced neurogenesis in hippocampus at 6 weeks. Finally, stroke resulted in the atrophy of surviving PV-interneurons 2 weeks after stroke in both non-diabetic and obese/T2D mice. However, after 6 weeks, this effect selectively persisted in obese/T2D mice. We show in a preclinical setting of clinical relevance that obesity/T2D impairs neurological functions in the stroke recovery phase in correlation with reduced neurogenesis and persistent atrophy of PV-interneurons, suggesting impaired neuroplasticity. These findings shed light on the mechanisms behind impaired stroke recovery in T2D and could facilitate the development of new stroke rehabilitative strategies for obese/T2D patients.
Terahertz wireless communications using resonant tunnelling diodes with radio‐over‐fibre
Authors: Webber J. , Nishigami N. , Kim J.‐Y. , Fujita M. , Nagatsuma T.
Published: June 2019

The authors examine a resonant tunnelling diode (RTD)‐based wireless transceiver system in conjunction with radio‐over‐fibre (RoF) and identify the performance limiting factors. Ultra high‐definition television 4K‐video over 1 km fibre and 15 cm wireless is demonstrated. In addition error‐free data transmission up to 11 Gbit/s over 1 km fibre and 10 cm wireless is also presented. Eye‐diagram and jitter results for laboratory RoF equipment show the performance is not degraded with respect to an RTD‐only system, and that RoF‐RTD is considered promising and complementary technologies.
Impact of roughness of discontinuities on the behaviour of jointed rock samples
Authors: Jarczyk Patrycja
Published: June 2019

The subject of the publication is the behavior of rock samples faulted by individual discontinuities with different roughness under three-axial compression conditions, with confining pressures up to 30 MPa. Samples with discontinuities oriented at angles of 30°, 45° and 60° in relation to the directions of external loads were prepared for the tests. Before the three-axial compression tests, the discontinuity surfaces were scanned and parameters describing the geometrical structure of these surfaces were determined. It has been shown that the roughness of the discontinuity walls causes a reduction in stiffness and strength. It has also been shown that with the increase of the confining pressure, the strength of the samples increases linearly, and the higher values of the angle at which the discontinuity is oriented corresponds to higher strength.
Experimental dynamic analysis of traffic seismicity effect on historical building
Authors: Papan Daniel , Papanova Zuzana , Krkoskova Katarina
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, rising intensity of traffic is significant effect on entire world, because the endanger risk of adjacent buildings rises. Endanger risk is caused by traffic vibrations spreading through the bedrock, i.e. by traffic seismicity. Historical buildings are specific group of structures, which are especially sensitive on traffic seismicity effects. The aim of this article is experimental dynamic analysis of traffic seismicity effect on Traction substation historical building in Horný Smokovec, district Poprad in Slovakia. This structure is directly exposed to road and rail traffic effects. The experimental measurements of vibration levels were implemented, whose outputs had been vibration acceleration time records on this structure. In all experimental measurements, vibration levels and its transmission through the bedrock were detected, because of train crossing effecting on tower part of object (because the tower part is nearby the railway and it is also the highest place on building) and vehicle crossing. The study of dynamic interaction is implemented within the amplitude analysis. The spectral analysis and frequency transmission is presented in the paper within the frequency analysis. The evaluation of implemented traffic seismicity experimental dynamic analysis effecting on the traction substation object is the end part of analysis.
Sinkhole hazard in the post-mining area of Old Copper District, Lower Silesia, Poland
Authors: Mirek Adam , Piasecki Paweł , Kowalczyk Barbara
Published: June 2019

This study discusses the occurrence of sinkholes and the removal of their effects in the territory of the Old Copper District in the municipality of Lubków, Warta Bolesławiecka, located in the voivodeship of Lower Silesia. Three sinkholes appeared more than 25 years after mining activities ceased with the closure of the “Konrad” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. The sinkholes appeared in the former mining areas in the years 2017 - 2018: the first in the area of the Lubichów III shaft located in the municipality of Lubków - the downcast and transport shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; the second in the area of Lubichów IVa in Lubków - the ventilation shaft of the "Lubichów" and "Konrad" mines; and the third in the area of the Lubichów IVa shaft - in the village of Lubków. The “Lubin” Mine of KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. commissioned development of projects to mitigate the risk and to secure the areas and remove the dangers.
Comparison of physical and mechanical properties of mining waste with a grain size up to 2 mm reinforced with cement CEM I and CEM III
Authors: Morman-Wątor Justyna
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of tests for mining waste mixtures - cement. The addition of cement was aimed at limiting the leaching of fine particles and improving physical and mechanical parameters. The studies used cement CEM I 42.5 R and CEM III/ A 42.5N - LH / HSR / NA and plasticizing sealant. The paper presents the results of freeze resistance, swelling tests, pH of water leachate and oedometer soil testing.
An X-ray CT study of miniature clay sample preparation techniques
Authors: Ibeh Christopher , Pedrotti Matteo , Tarantino Alessandro , Lunn Rebecca
Published: June 2019

The quality and reliability of cohesive soil laboratory test data can be significantlyaffected by sample disturbance during sampling or sample preparation. Sample disturbance may affect key design and modelling parameters such as stiffness, preconsolidation stress, compressibility and undrained shear strength, and ultimately determine particle mobilization and shear plane development. The use of X-ray computed tomography (X-CT) in the study of soil is restricted by the inverse relationship of specimen size and obtainable image resolution. This has led to the testing of miniature specimen sizes which are far less than conventional laboratory sample size in a bid to obtain high resolution images and detailed particle-scale soil properties; however, these miniature soil specimens are more prone to sample disturbance. In this work 2% muscovite was mixed with speswhite kaolin clay as a strain marker for use in X-CT. The clay soil sample was prepared from slurry and either consolidated using an oedometer or a gypsum mould. Specimens obtained from a 7 mm tube sampler were compared to lathe trimmed specimens with a diameter (Ø) of 7 mm. Results from X-CT imaging were used to study the influence of sampler type on specimen disturbance, by analysing the muscovite particle orientation of the obtained 3D images. The results show that; for samples subjected to large consolidation stress (>200kpa) lathe trimmed specimens may be subject to lesser disturbance compared to tube sampled specimens.
Using Co-polymers to Improve Soil Strength and Mitigate Fugitive Dust Emissions: Laboratory Evaluation
Authors: Ho Chun-Hsing , Wu Ziyan , Zhang Zhonghan , Zhao Pengxiang , Huang Junxin
Published: June 2019

A report by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in the USA stated that there are over 1.4 million miles (2.3 million kilometres) of unpaved roads in the United States, over 1/3 of the U.S highway systems. Unpaved roads play an important role in transporting goods and passengers in between urban and suburban areas. However, most unpaved roads are gravel and unimproved that have exposed a severe issue for local transportation networks. Particularly when unpaved roads are in wet conditions (rain or snow), the muddy and soft surface roads have created a hazardous environment for traffic operations. The paper presents an improvement plan using co-polymer dust suppressants to be mixed with soils collected in Northern Arizona. Soil samples were mixed with the co-polymer dust suppressants using four concentration rates (0% water, 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight). A series of tests were performed including surface strength (resistant penetration) test, dynamic rolling test, and unconfined compressive shear test. The results show that the addition of co-polymer dust suppressants in the soil has improved the soil shear strength and decreased dust emissions, provided the results from the surface strength test, dynamic rolling test, and unconfined compressive strength test are promising.
Experimental study on fibre reinforced sandy soils behaviour under static loadings - drained and undrained conditions
Authors: Flórez-Gálvez Jorge Hernán , Festugato Lucas , Consoli Nilo Cesar
Published: June 2019

The effect of the addition of 0.5% of randomly distributed polypropylene fibres in a round grained sand, composed mainly of silica, is presented on laboratory scale. The samples were compacted with two void ratios (0.75 and 0.63), corresponding to values of relative density of 50% and 90% respectively. 24 monotonic triaxial tests were performed, with initial effective mean pressures of 20, 100 and 200 kPa. Half of samples were tested in drained conditions, and the other half in undrained conditions. For the samples subjected to drained conditions, the effect of the fibres was identified at the post-failure stage, by showing sustained increase of strength. The positive effect of fibres could also be observed through the increase of material friction angle. In the samples subjected to undrained tests, the addition of fibres reduced the contractive behaviour, mainly for those more compacted.
Measuring mechanical anisotropy on geogrid reinforced soil using a cubical triaxial apparatus
Authors: Covassi Pedro A. , Rinaldi Víctor A.
Published: June 2019

This work describes the main findings of an experimental program focused on the characterization of the mechanical anisotropy of a reinforced cohesive soil using a cubical triaxial apparatus. Several authors have studied the influence of geometry, type, number and arrangement of reinforcement layers on the mechanical behaviour of reinforced soils, mainly dedicated to evaluate the improvement of stiffness and strength. The influence of anisotropy and principal intermediate stress has not been addressed. Conventional triaxial cell (axisymmetric) and pull-out tests are the most common type of devices used in the present studies. The implementation of an experimental program using a cubical triaxial apparatus allows us to consider all the aspects mentioned before, mainly those related to an anisotropic characterization and the principal intermediate stress influence on stress-strain and strength behaviour. Results obtained in this work, show that reinforced soil is a cross-anisotropic material, and its stress-strain and strength behaviour is strongly influenced in sectors I (lode angle between 0° and 60°) and II (lode angle between 60° and 120°) of the octahedral plane. Thus, a complete characterization of geogrid reinforced soil can be made selecting an appropriate set of stress paths in the cubical apparatus.
Understanding the mechanisms of root-reinforcement in soils: soil shear tests using X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation
Authors: Bull Daniel , Sinclair Ian , Pierron Fabrice , Roose Tiina , Smethurst Joel
Published: June 2019

Soil containing plant roots may be expected to exhibit a greater shearing resistance compared with the same ‘unreinforced’ soil, providing enhanced stability and effective erosion control, particularly for earth slopes. To be able to rely on the improved shearing resistance and stiffness of root-reinforced soils, it is important to understand and quantify the effectiveness of root reinforcement. This requires sophisticated multiscale models, building understanding at different length scales, from individual soil-root interaction through to full soil-profile or slope scale. One of the challenges with multiscale models is ensuring that they are representative of real behaviour, and this requires calibration to detailed high-quality experiments. The focus of the work presented was to capture and quantify root-reinforcement behaviour and associated soil and root deformation mechanisms during direct shear at the macroscopic to millimetre length scales. A novel shear box was developed to operate within a large-scale X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner. Tests were interrupted to be scanned at a series of shear displacements from 0-20 mm to capture the chronology of behaviour in three-dimensions. Digital volume correlation (DVC) was applied to the CT dataset to obtain full-field 3D displacement and strain component information. The study demonstrates feasibility of the technique and presents preliminary DVC results.