bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сучасне наукове осмислення особливостей справляння податків російською владою на українських землях в роки Першої світової війни
Authors: Istomina Alla
Published: April 2020

У статті проаналізовано історіографію податкової політики уряду Російської імперії в Наддніпрянській Україні та на окупованих землях Західної України в роки Першої світової війни. Як відомо, вступ Російської імперії у Першу світову війну потребував значних фінансових ресурсів. Нестача грошових коштів була критично відчутною вже до середини 1915 р. Спостерігалося зростання зовнішнього і внутрішнього боргу, спустошувався золотий запас країни. Запущені механізми емісії грошей не вирішували глобальних фінансових проблем воюючої держави. Крім того, введення в імперії «сухого закону» позбавив російський Держаний бюджет надходжень акцизу на суму, яка сягала 1 млрд. рублів. Тож, наступним кроком уряду Російської імперії у віднайдені грошей для ведення війни, було підвищення податків і запровадження нових, тимчасових «військових» податків. Усі заходи імперської влади щодо забезпечення державної скарбниці фінансами необхідними для ведення війни відчуло на собі населення українських земель: Наддніпрянщина, як складова Російської імперії, а Галичина й Буковина, як окуповані Російською імперією. Проблеми історії оподаткування населення України російською владою в роки Першої світової війни стали предметом вивчення у працях багатьох сучасних українських дослідників. Мета статті – розгляд наукового осмислення сучасними вченими особливостей справляння податків російською владою на українських землях у роки Першої світової війни. Методологія даного дослідження ґрунтується на сукупності принципів історизму, науковості та об’єктивності із комплексним застосуванням загальнонаукових (аналізу, синтезу, конкретизації) та історіографічних методів (конкретного історіографічного аналізу та синтезу). З’ясовано, що проблеми оподаткування українських земель у роки Великої війни стали предметом дослідження багатьох сучасних українських науковців, а в останні роки з’явилися праці, які розкривають податкову політику російського уряду на окупованих землях Галичини й Буковини. Проте, до сьогодні немає узагальненого фундаментального дослідження податкової політики російських урядовців на українських землях у цілому. На наше переконання, робота над такою перспективною науковою проблемою вкрай необхідна, але дослідження податкової політики, як і інших складових економічної історії України, досить складні у методологічному плані, із зосередженням предмету дослідження у площині перетину декількох наук, зокрема історії, економіки та права.
Історіографія наукового доробку ученого Анастасія Єгоровича Зайкевича
Authors: Hordenko Svitlana
Published: April 2020

У статті проаналізовано історіографію наукової, педагогічної та громадської діяльності Анастасія Єгоровича Зайкевича (друга половина ХІХ ст. – 1931 р.) дає підставу зробити висновок про те, що в радянській і сучасній історіографії немає досліджень, які б усебічно розглядали постать ученого. Метою роботи є узагальнення дослідження та вивчення багатогранної наукової, педагогічної й просвітницької діяльності професора Харківського університету А. Є. Зайкевича на тлі розвитку сільськогосподарської науки і освіти. Теоретико-методологічну основу дослідження становлять принципи системності й історизму, котрі передбачають вивчення й узагальнення подій і явищ на основі науково-практичного аналізу різноманітних джерел і літератури стосовно предмета дослідження. При опрацюванні даної теми використані такі методи наукового пізнання: аналізу та синтезу, класифікації, хронологічний, порівняльно-історичний, ретроспективний та інші допоміжні методи. На основі історіографічного аналізу показано, що Анастасій Єгорович Зайкевич увійшов в історію агрономічної науки як ініціатор, організатор та один із перших теоретиків сільськогосподарської дослідної справи. Праці ученого з дослідної справи, землеробства, селекції, насінництва відзначаються фундаментальністю та практичною значимістю, свідчать про глибину мислення їх автора. Учений володів винятково широким діапазоном інтересів, дивовижною науковою інтуїцією, чудовим даром передбачення, заклав основи наукових напрямків, програм і концепцій, які є актуальними й становлять науковий і практичний інтерес сьогодні.
Академік О. І. Душечкін – вчений-агрохімік, ґрунтознавець, фізіолог рослин: історіографія проблеми
Authors: Godun Nataliya
Published: April 2020

В умовах національного відродження серед дослідників науки і техніки особливо посилюється інтерес до вивчення науково-організаційної, педагогічної і громадської діяльності вчених, які жили і працювали на теренах сучасної України. Настала пора об’єктивно оцінити внесок кожної особистості в розвиток вітчизняної науки, повернути із забуття видатних українських вчених, усебічно вивчити і оцінити їх наукову спадщину. Метою дослідження є аналіз наукового доробку дослідників з питань комплексного аналізу життєвого шляху і професійно-наукового доробку вченого-агрохіміка, ґрунтознавця, фізіолога рослин, академіка Душечкіна Олександра Івановича. Відповідно до мети автором поставлені такі дослідницькі завдання: виявити і проаналізувати праці, що стосуються проблеми; визначити й обґрунтувати їх наукову цінність для вивчення питання наукової спадщини видатного вченого-агрохіміка, ґрунтознавця і фізіолога рослин О. І. Душечкіна, що водночас розширює горизонти пізнання закономірностей розвитку агрохімічної науки, окреслює і поглиблює її окремі аспекти; структурувати праці за тематикою дослідження. Здійснено історіографічний аналіз досліджуваної проблеми, який показав, що існуючі праці недостатньо повно відтворюють наукову, організаційну роботу та педагогічну діяльність О. І. Душечкіна в галузі агрохімічної науки на тлі суспільного економічного життя ХІХ-ХХ ст. Зокрема, з’ясовано відсутність ґрунтовного дослідження з даної проблеми та виявлена певна фрагментарність історіографічних розвідок, що і висуває на перший план важливість опрацювання більш широкої джерельної бази, насамперед комплексу архівних документів, як основи для вивчення агрохімічної науки кінця ХІХ – другої половини ХХ ст. та внеску в її становлення і розвитку академіка О. І. Душечкіна. У результаті історико-наукового аналізу наукової думки з проблеми дослідження, проаналізовано та систематизовано пошук попередніх дослідників, виявлено та обґрунтовано напрямки, що потребують більш детального вивчення та аналізу.
SIGNAGE YANG INFORMATIF DAN INTERAKTIF PADA THE HERITAGE PALACE KOTA SURAKARTA JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Hanifunisa Aulia , Swasty Wirania
Published: April 2020

The Heritage Palace is located in Surakarta City of Central Java which formerly was the sugar factory that is currently used as a tourist attraction. However, this place has the problem of lacking its informative and interactive signage, less by the branding of the tourist spots, and less proper in material selection. The data collection used were the literature study, observation, interviews and questionnaires, using comparison matrix as data analysis method. The concept of the design takes the modern and old heritage concept using a font that matches the clear language and adds pictogram. The purpose of this design is to provide informative and interactive information using signage ang interactive media that is useful to help visitors get information when they visit the tourist site
EFEKTIVITAS PERANCANGAN TYPEFACE DENGAN METODE IKONOGRAFI
Authors: Swaratama Elfa , Achmad Zaki Yamani  , Emmareta Fauziah
Published: April 2020

This article describes the typeface design method based on Dayak Iban tattoo. It uses iconographic theory from Erwin Panofsky and the evaluate it through a Likert survey on a scale of 1-5 using four aspects of assessment(similarity, uniqueness, readability, and legibility). Based on the iconographic analysis, this study categorizes Dayak tattoo motifs into three worlds, which are; The Upper World (Hornbill), Middle World (Tree of Life, Eggplant Flowers), and the Underworld (Dragon and Scorpion) will put on each letter anatomies. The evaluation stage found that the typeface has a 3.8 average level of uniqueness, readability, and legibility, although the level of similarity in this typeface with Dayak tattoo motifs needs to be increased again because of the score is just 3 of a maximum of 5.
SISTEM PEMETAAN RUMAH IBADAH PROVINSI BALI BERBASIS GOOGLE MAPS PADA KANTOR WILAYAH KEMENTERIAN AGAMA PROVINSI BALI
Authors: I Gusti Ngurah Winanda Wijaksana
Published: April 2020

The management of information on houses of worship is a part of the management of Education, Religion and Religious informations which is managed at the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion in Bali. In practice, houses of worship data collected and processed manually with Microsoft Excel application and the information has been given to the community is just the number of houses of worship in every regency or city in Bali. While the public wants more detailed information of houses of worship including the address and location on a map. Bali House of Worship Mapping System is able to provide information of houses of worship in Bali from six religions that have been recognized in Indonesia including location information on Google maps and video documentation on YouTube. So, people can easily search all the houses of worship informations in Bali using web browser.
RANCANG BANGUN DAN PENGUJIAN PERFOMANSI ANTENA MIMO 2X1 DAN 4X1 METODE ARRAY RECTANGULER PATCH FREKUENSI 2,3 GHz – 2,4 GHz TEKNOLOGI 4G LTE
Authors: Maria ulfah  , Syifa’atul Mahmudah
Published: April 2020

Antenna microstrip merupakan salah satu antenna yang saat ini diterapkan pada teknologi 4G LTE dengan rancangan multi input multi output (MIMO). Untuk mencapai peningkatkan nilai parameter gain (penguatan) agar jangkauan jaringan 4G LTE lebih luas maka dalam penelitian ini dirancang antenna MIMO 2X1 dan 4x1 rectanguler patch dengan digunakan metode array dengan frekuensi kerja 2,3 GHz – 2,4 GHz.Hasil simulasi untuk antenna MIMO 2x1  terdiri dari gain 5,13 dB, return loss -18,913 dB, VSWR 1,2555. Hasil simulasi untuk antenna MIMO 4x1  terdiri dari gain 7,322 dB, return loss -15,59 dB, VSWR 1,3985. Untuk pengukuran perfomansi antenna 2x1 outdoor  memiliki rata-rata ping test 119,6 ms, download test 20.12 Mbps, upload test 8,5 Mbps. . Untuk pengukuran perfomansi antenna 2x1 indoor  memiliki rata-rata ping test 85,91 ms, download test 20.06 Mbps, upload test 7 Mbps. Untuk pengukuran perfomansi antenna 4x1 outdoor  memiliki rata-rata ping test 150 ms, download test 2,82 Mbps, upload test 2,92 Mbps. Untuk pengukuran perfomansi antenna 4x1 indoor  memiliki rata-rata ping test 107,45 ms, download test 22,38 Mbps, upload test 5,12 Mbps
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM CERDAS UNTUK PREDIKSI DAFTAR KEMBALI MAHASISWA BARU DENGAN METODE NAIVE BAYES (STUDI KASUS: UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA)
Authors: Komang Aditya Pratama  , Gede Aditra Pradnyana  , I Ketut Resika Arthana
Published: April 2020

Ganesha University of Education or Undiksha is one of the state universities in Bali, precisely in the city of Singaraja. In the admission of new students, Undiksha applies 3 admissions paths, as follows the State University National Admission Selection (SNMPTN), State University Joint Entrance Test (SBMPTN), and Independent Entrance Test (SMBJM) consisting of 2 parts namely Computer Based Test (CBT) and Interests and Talents. Each year the committees are busy with the re-registration of prospective students. In determining the number of students quota for re-registration, they are still using the manual method in form of an excel file, so they want to use a system to do the process. These problems can be overcome by using “Intelligent System for Re-Registration of New Students Prediction using the Naive Bayes Method (Case Study: Ganesha University of Education)”. The Naive Bayes method is used to determine the re-register probability of the new students so that the number of students who re-register can be determining the new students quota. In developing the system, the researcher use the CRISP-DM methodology as a standard of data mining process as well as a research method. The results of this prediction system research show that the system can predict well with the average predictive system accuracy value of 75.56%.
PERBAIKAN KONTRAS CITRA MAMMOGRAM PADA KLASIFIKASI KANKER PAYUDARA BERDASARKAN FITUR GRAY-LEVEL CO-OCCURRENCE MATRIX
Authors: Liantoni Febri , Santoso Agus
Published: April 2020

In this era to recognize breast tumors can be based on mammogram images. This method will expedite the process of recognition and classification of breast cancer. This research was conducted classification techniques of breast cancer using mammogram images. The proposed model targets classification studies for cases of malignant, and benign cancer. The research consisted of five main stages, preprocessing, histogram equalization, convolution, feature extraction, and classification. For preprocessing cropping the image using region of interest (ROI), for convolution, median filter and histogram equalization are used to improve image quality. Feature extraction using Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) with 5 features, entropy, correlation, contrast, homogeneity, and variance. The final step is the classification using Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Based on the hypotheses that have been tested and discussed, the accuracy for RBFNN is 86.27%, while the accuracy for SVM is 84.31%. This shows that the RBFNN method is better than SVM in distinguishing types of breast cancer. These results prove the process of improving image construction using histogram equalization and the median filter is useful in the classification process.
PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN DENGAN PLATFORM E-COMMERCE PADA PERUSAHAAN DAERAH APOTEK SARI HUSADA DEMAK
Authors: Arina Nur Syahputri  , Dimas Aryo Anggoro
Published: April 2020

Sari Husada Pharmacy is one of the regional companies engaged in drug sales in Demak Regency. The company prioritizes innovation in information technology to face globalization and modern business competition in the industrial era 4.0. Improved services are needed so they can add regular customers and provide comfort to the existence of e-commerce. E-commerce solutions will overcome the problem of some customers who do not easily reach the location of the pharmacy because the transaction activities do not have to be in one place and it is difficult to check the stock of the drug, so that information systems are made more effective and efficient. The method used uses SDLC application development, namely waterfall. This method consists of five sequences, including: analysis, design, coding, testing, and implementation. This information system is created using PHP programming with CodeIgniter, Javascript, CSS (Bootstrap) and Sublime Text frameworks and database management using PHPMyAdmin which is installed together in Xampp, Apache Web Server and MySQL. The testing technique uses Blackbox and User Acceptance Test (UAT). The results of calculations from the User Acceptance Test (UAT) is 85,4% determine that the information system is very good to implemented at Sari Husada Pharmacy.
PROBLEMS OF RESTORATION OF DECORATIVE INTERIOR PAINTINGS OF CLASSICISM
Authors: Volyk Yu.P. , Razumovskaya O.N.
Published: April 2020

In the first third of XIX century, the interiors of St. Petersburg buildings were often adorned with decorative paintings on plafonds and cambers. Polychrome painting and grisaille painting, which imitates plasterwork, were usually made with distemper colors. The focus of attention in the era of classicism was antiquity, mythological subjects and heroes. The article discusses the paintings in Kamennoostrovsky Palace, the General Staff building on the Palace square, the Laval's mansion. Decorative interior painting in St. Petersburg was created by artists of Italian origin, the most famous of them being D. B. Scotti. The time and environmental conditions affected these paintings, and their restoration takes a long time and very hard work. The article describes all the difficulties involved in restoration; one of the most important conditions is the use of natural materials. The article also has photos showing the paintings before restoration, in the process of restoration and after its completion
ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCE FORMATION IN THE COURSE OF STUDYING THE DISCIPLINE " HISTORY»
Authors: Gerasimova I.E.
Published: April 2020

Due to the emergence of new generation standards, the modern education system is undergoing significant changes that are aimed at finding new approaches to learning.
Unfortunately, the quality of training of graduates of professional educational institutions still does not match the level of development of modern technologies.
This article is devoted to the problems of assessing the competence of students in the course of studying the discipline "History".
Le contentieux de la fiscalité locale entre personnes publiques
Authors: Meurant Cédric
Published: April 2020

Les tensions fiscales entre l’État, les collectivités territoriales et les EPCI nées de la décentralisation et de la recentralisation peuvent se traduire par des contentieux juridictionnels. Leur étude permet l’analyse de ces discordes et pose la question de savoir quelle évolution le juge fait prévaloir : la décentralisation ou la recentralisation ?
Quel avenir pour la taxe d’enlèvement des ordures ménagères ?
Authors: Dufal Rémy
Published: April 2020

Depuis son institution par une loi dite « Niveaux » du 13 août 1926 et bien qu’elle ait naturellement connu quelques aménagements depuis, la taxe d’enlèvement des ordures ménagères a traversé près d’un siècle de réformes territoriales sans que ses fondations en soient profondément bouleversées. Néanmoins, les orientations de la politique de gestion des déchets comme la jurisprudence récente sont venues obscurcir ses perspectives d’avenir.
Les nouveaux enjeux de la fiscalité ultra-marine
Authors: Riskwait Mirza
Published: April 2020

Les collectivités d’outre-mer et la Nouvelle-Calédonie appliquent une fiscalité qui est certes marquée en raison de son histoire, mais qui n’a de cesse d’évoluer et de se moderniser. La refonte de la fiscalité locale envisagée par le gouvernement est l’occasion de s’interroger sur la manière dont ces collectivités appréhendent leur fiscalité, et sur ce point elles gardent parfois une longueur d’avance par rapport à l’État.
Les économies numériques et collaboratives, des opportunités nouvelles de refonte de la fiscalité locale ? (J. PUISSANT)
Authors: Puissant Jordan
Published: April 2020

Si le développement des économies numériques et collaboratives est largement ignoré par la fiscalité locale, les collectivités disposent toutefois d’atouts non négligeables issus de la nature même de ces activités et peuvent en outre bénéficier de la modernisation du prélèvement fiscal à travers la collaboration des plateformes tierces. Pourtant, faute d’une réelle autonomie fiscale, le bénéfice qu’elles peuvent en tirer demeure minime.
La suppression de la TH : point d’arrivée ou nouveau départ de la décentralisation ?
Authors: Wolf Marc , Wolf Olivier
Published: April 2020

La suppression de la taxe d’habitation s’inscrit dans la réduction progressive de l’autonomie fiscale des collectivités mais aura des effets inattendus sur de multiples aspects de la gestion financière locale. Il faudra donc poursuivre la transformation de la fiscalité locale, soit par l’achèvement de la reprise en mains des finances des collectivités par l’État, soit par une reconstruction de l’autonomie fiscale du bloc communal autour d’impôts territorialisés.
Stem Education: Social, Cultural, and Economic Barriers Faced by Women of Khairpur (Pakistan)
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Ali , Sahito Zahid Hussain , Dehraj Mahboob Ali
Published: April 2020

This research finds barriers/challenges/issues which stop women of Khairpur, Sindh not to get themselves enrolled in institutions providing STEM education and ultimately the job opportunities, resultantly that not only affects the economic condition of their families but also that of the country. The universe of this study was the young female students, parents of the students and ladies working in different organizations of Sind province who were also interviewed about the low enrollment of female students in schools. The findings of this study revealed that female have the requisite aptitude for STEM education but social, cultural and conservative ideology of parents/heads of the families created hindrances in the progress of young enthusiastic girls who wish or have the potential of getting STEM education, moreover, such institutes are not available in their nearby area.
CPECs Educational Scope in Pakistan
Authors: Burki Anita Bilal , Ali Akhtar , Burki Ahmed Bilal
Published: April 2020

China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) appears as a major Prosperity Tool which can help Pakistan to overcome her economic problems. CPEC has been researched up till now in various trade and commerce fields but its most important linkage with education was hardto find. This study examines “The Educational Scope of CPEC in Pakistan”. The study broadens our horizon regarding the fields of education which are required in CPEC. It is a case study in the qualitative paradigm to explore the views of philanthropic elites, teachers, and students using interviews and documents. It reveals the employment opportunities, concept of SEZs, and availability of manpower for these SEZs along with the future of Pakistans education. It is through this education that all educational institutes will be combined to form clusters of educational hubs linked together to foster manpower for Special Economic Zones(SEZs) and all other national projects in the future.
Attitudes about Interfaith Harmony: A Case Study of Muslims and Hindus social Relationship in District Swat
Authors: Khan Ihsan Ullah , Jan Azizullah , Rahman Khalil Ur
Published: April 2020

The position of the minority has been discussed in the context of contemporary developments. The interfaith harmony between majority and minority is much significant in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study focused to assassinate the interfaith harmony between Muslims and Hindus in district Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The main aim of the study is to investigate that either there exists harmony between both faith holders or not. Stratified random sampling was utilized as a strategy for information assortment. The sample size of 210 respondents was determined as per criteria design by Sekaran. The study carried out a univariate analysis to determine the interfaith harmony in frequency and percentage. The study helps to produce an environment conducive to the arrangement of equivalent financial, instructive and work openings. The study serves as a social gospel for the majority and minorities to mold their behaviors and increase their tolerance and thus to ensure a peaceful survival of both sides.
A Model for Artificial General Intelligence
Authors: Williams Andy E
Published: April 2020

A Functional Modeling Framework (FMF) for defining and comparing models of consciousness and cognition has recently been developed. This framework proposes to have the capacity to represent the complete set of the functionality of human consciousness and cognition, which if true, would suggest that all models of consciousness and cognition can be represented within the framework. The framework also proposes to define the criteria for a model of cognition to have the potential for the general problem solving ability commonly recognized as true human intelligence. The FMF provides a single framework for defining models of consciousness and cognition that is human-centric in that the functions can be validated through experiments that can be performed within innate human self-awareness rather than being dependent on assumptions made by any specific model. This human-centric functional modeling approach is intended to enable different models of AGI to be more easily compared so research can reliably converge on a single understanding, enabling the possibility of massively collaborative interdisciplinary projects to research, and implement models of consciousness or cognition where such massive collaborationhas not proved possible before. The FMF defines requirements for all the functional components defined by the framework, but leaves specific models to define their own implementations. This paper summarizes a model of cognition developed within this framework that is proposed to meet the criteria of an AGI as defined within this framework. This description is expanded in a number of other papers.
The Case for General Collective Intelligence Rather than Artificial General Intelligence being the Most Important Human Innovation in the History and Future of Mankind
Authors: Williams Andy E
Published: April 2020

Artificial General Intelligence, that is an Artificial Intelligence with the ability to redesign itself and other technology on its own, has been called “mankind’s last invention”, since it may not only remove the necessity of any human invention afterwards, but also might design solutions far too complex for human beings to have the ability to contribute to in any case. Because of this, if and when AGI is ever invented, it has been argued by many that it will be the most important innovation in the history of the mankind up to that point. Just as nature’s invention of human intelligence might have transformed the entire planet and generated a greater economic impact than any other innovation in the history of the planet, AGI has been suggested to have the potential for an economic impact larger than that resulting from any other innovation in the history of mankind. This paper explores the case for General Collective Intelligence being a far more important innovation than AGI. General Collective Intelligence has been defined as a solution with the capacity to organize groups of human or artificial intelligences into a single collective intelligence with vastly greater general problem solving ability. A recently proposed model of GCI not only outlines a model for cognition that might also enable AGI, but also identifies hidden patterns in collective outcomes for groups that might make GCI necessary in order to reliably achieve the benefits of AGI while reliably avoiding the potentially catastrophic costs of AGI.
Prime Fermat numbers and maximum determinant matrix conjecture
Authors: Balonin Nikolay , Sergeev Mikhail , Vostrikov Anton
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Solution to the problem of optimizing the determinants of matrices with a modulus of entries < 1. Developing a theory of such matrices based on preliminary research results. Methods: Extreme solutions (in terms of the determinant) are found by minimizing the absolute values of orthogonal matrix elements, and their subsequent classification. Results: Matrices of orders equal to prime Fermat numbers have been found. They are special, as their absolute determinant maximums can be reached on a simple structure. We provide a precise evaluation of the determinant maximum for these matrices and formulate a conjecture about it. We discuss the close relation between the solutions of extremal problems with the limitation on the matrix column orthogonality and without it. It has been shown that relative maximums of orthogonality-limited matrix determinants correspond to absolute maximums of orthogonality-unlimited matrix determinants. We also discuss the ways to build extremal matrix families for the orders equal to Mersenne numbers. Practical relevance: Maximum determinant matrices are used extensively in the problems of error-free coding, compression and masking of video information. Programs for maximum determinant matrix search and a library of constructed matrices are used in the mathematical network “mathscinet.ru” along with executable online algorithms.
Evaluating the quality of WAAS availability control algorithm under geomagnetic storm conditions
Authors: Demyanov Vladislav , Khalimanov Danila , Fedorov Mark , Imarova Olga
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is vulnerable to false alarms about the violation of the required navigation parameter availability under geomagnetic disturbances. As a consequence, the system operation efficiency might decrease because of a mismatch between the output of the control system and the actual quality of the navigation-time support. Purpose: Comparative analysis of the actual quality of navigation-and-time support for GPS users and the output information of the system for monitoring the availability of the required WAAS navigation parameters under a moderate magnetic storm and with technical failures during the operation of separate segments of GPS and WAAS systems. Results: Location errors were calculated for 82 reference stations in the USA equipped with GPS navigation receivers. The calculations used the geometric ranges of visible navigation satellites and the corresponding real values of the ionospheric range-measurement error determined by the method of two-frequency measurements. Based on the same data and through the use of the conventional standard WAAS availability control algorithm, the user protection levels were calculated in the horizontal and vertical planes. The results of these calculations are presented as a time graph of WAAS operating area coverage percentage, which was compared with the respective graphs presented in the official WAAS work reports. It is established that there are cases of significant discrepancy between the forecasts about the availability of the required navigation parameters according to the WAAS data and the real quality of positioning in the operating area of this system. There are discrepancies in the results of calculations of protection levels in the horizontal and vertical planes obtained from official reports on the operation of the system and in calculations based on the geometric range and real ionospheric range-measurement error. Practical relevance: Recommendations are proposed in order to reconsider the development of a navigation parameter availability control for wide-area augmentation systems, splitting the calculation into “locally dependent” and “globally dependent” components of differential corrections of range-measurement errors. It will reduce the likelihood of false alarms or dangerous inconsistencies in information within the system.
A Retrospective Analysis: 1996 Atlanta Summer Olympics and Lessons for Future Olympic Cities
Authors: BATUHAN Tuna
Published: April 2020

This paper examines the rationale of the 1996 Summer Olympics bid of Atlanta and provides a retrospective analysis of the short- and long-term impacts of the Olympic Games. Olympics provided a means to facilitate the primacy of downtown Atlanta and this new strategy was partially successful mainly because of other external factors. The elites of downtown Atlanta seized the opportunity presented by a potential Olympic hosting in Atlanta to make promises and implement a vision that revitalizes certain downtown areas. Atlanta’s Olympic strategy gave positive results in the short-run, however did not help to increase the primacy of downtown Atlanta in the long term due to short-term focused strategies, prioritizing regional issues and shifting focus of business elites to regional growth. Atlanta’s Olympic planning practice mostly benefited the business interests while the desires and needs of the residents mostly disregarded, mainly because of the privately-lead planning initiatives. Atlanta Olympic planning practice showed that privatization of the Olympic planning results in limited effects in urban transformation. This paper concludes that the Olympics is not a “one-fits-all approach” for host cities, thus the outcomes differ from city to city mainly because of the different objectives, politics, and culture of each city.
DIGITALIZATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL AS A CONDITION FOR COMPETITIVENESS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Baigelova A.N.
Published: April 2020

Currently, the economy of Kazakhstan is in the process of global changes in the economic and technological structures. The situation in the labor market and educational services calls for changes in the content of education in relation to the modern requirements. Discloses a digital transformation sector: the importance of the balance of the strategy and tactics of business and society, issues involving the human capital and society in modernizing the management of the economy in terms of globalization.
In the article the human capital is considered as the driving force behind the development of innovation-based economy, capable of responding to the challenges of the world civilization. Without the human capital development of a country can neither achieve sustainable economic growth, nor to create a contingent of workers who will be willing to take require retraining of workers of the future places or to compete effectively in the global economy.
According to the authors the important role it is necessary to take digital technologies. It is necessary to completely review the contents of all levels of education and training in the IT-industry, in the field of organization of management through the development of digital skills.
Currently, the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is at the stage of global changes in the economic and technological structures. The situation on the labor market and educational services necessitates changes in the content of education in relation to modern requirements. The sector of digital transformation is revealed: the importance of balancing the strategy and tactics of business and society development, the issues of involving human capital and society in managing the modernization of the economy in the context of globalization.The formation of a multicomponent information and educational environment, information and digital technologies make it possible to build completely new communications, as well as new relationships among people, the restructuring of the entire economy and society, so that our life is better and “smarter”.
The modern economy is called the economy of effective human capital, which emphasizes its main role in the development and growth of the economy. Human capital is seen as the driving force behind the development of an innovative economy that can respond to the challenges of world civilization.It makes up more than half of the national wealth of each of the developing countries and the main intensive factor in economic growth and social development. The level of skills demanded by the labor market is changing rapidly, which creates both new opportunities and new risks.Without the development of human capital, countries will not be able to achieve sustainable economic growth, nor create a contingent of workers who will be ready to occupy advanced jobs for the future, or compete effectively in the global economic arena.
EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION OF HORSE MEAT AND KOUMISS FROM THE KAZAKH HORSES OF THE ADAI OFFSPRING
Authors: Kargayeva M.
Published: April 2020

Kazakh horses of the Adai offspring are the standard of herd horses in the desert zone of the Mangyshlak Peninsula. They perfectly adapt to the area of their reproduction, hardy to long-distance driving to various pastures. With an insignificant expenditure of labor and money, young Adai horses reach 340-350 kg of live weight by the age of 2.5 years. When slaughtering stallions, the carcass weight reaches 185-195 kg. High-milk mares for 105 days of lactation produce from 590 liters to 675 liters of marketable milk. The rates of slaughter yield in Adai young stock were also comparatively lower than that of stallions of the Mangystau population and averaged to 53.9 %, while the rate of slaughter yield in horses of the Mangistau population was 55.1 %.
When studying the dairy productivity of both groups of mares, it was found that mares of the Adai offspring have higher dairy productivity than the Mangistau population under pasture conditions. Over 105 days of lactation, the milking capacity of the mares of the Adai offspring was 1617.0 liters, in the Mangistau population it was 1413.3 liters, and commercial milk yield was 674.1 and 590.1 liters, respectively. Thus, the yield of the Adai mares exceeds by 14.2 % or 84.0 liters in comparison with the Mangistau population.
Profitability in the horse meat production reaches from 70 % to 74 % and in koumiss production – 13.9-16.9 %.
INNOVATION PROJECTS AS A BASE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nesipbekov Ye. N. , Appakova G.N.
Published: April 2020

The relatively weak support of technological enterprises, especially new ones, limits the efficiency of support measures oriented on its further development. Therefore, the State should interfere at the early stage to ensure the research and development of new projects having opportunities for further growth under the simultaneous control for funds not to be allocated for projects having no commercial potential. The support of the innovative projects favors the development and distribution of innovations, stimulates the innovative activity of enterprises and enhances the competitiveness of economy. The paper presents the critical analysis of the innovative projects support system in Kazakhstan. The paper provides the brief characteristics of the results of innovative policy of the country, considers the main instruments of the innovative projects support. Special attention in the paper is paid to the detailed analysis of the innovative projects received grant financing from the State. With that the analysis was made for quantitative indicators of innovative projects in industrial and regional fields, and for social and economic effect from its implementation. Basing on the represented material the paper provides recommendations and suggestions on improving the instruments of innovative projects stimulation in Kazakhstan and development of innovative potential of all participants of innovative process.
COMPLETION OF RATING ON THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP AT OIL ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Sansyzbayev A. , Kenzhalina Zh. , Malgaraeva Zh.
Published: April 2020

This article presents the results of the analysis of the state of labor relations at modern oil and gas enterprises in Kazakhstan, as well as the trends in their changes under the influence of modernization processes. It justifies the approach to social partnership as one of the modern conditions (forms) of labor relations, which continues to change its content under the influence of production modernization processes in the oil and gas sector. The possibility of assessing the state of labor relations and the compliance of labor process participants with the requirements that modernization of the technical foundations of production presents is considered. A description is given of a methodology that allows us to assess the involvement of workers in the activities of the enterprise, as well as the state of formation of social partnership. The relevance of the study is that today, the role of social partnership is increasing because of the steady increase of conflict and competition levels in enterprises as a result of global inflation and crisis phenomena. The level of loyalty, peace of mind at the enterprise depends on the implementation of the principles of social partnership, the action of concluded industry and collective agreements. Oil-producing enterprises remain the flagship of the development of the entire national economy and represent an export-oriented industry. The scientific research method is the qualitative analysis, comparative analysis, application of the rating approach and ranking of results. As a result of the conducted research, based on the analysis of a number of indicators of companies that affect the level of social partnership, the problems of its development were clearly identified. In the course of the analysis, indicators that reflect the level of development of social partnership were grouped, a rating of companies was compiled according to the level of development of social partnership. Based on the calculation of the total rating, a final rating was compiled. The relationship between the final rating of social partnership companies and indicators of social and labor relations is considered. This article can be useful in case of the methodological and normative documents developments on social partnership, in particular, in case of concluding a General Agreement between employers, trade unions, and representatives of employers, when concluding industry tariff agreements, collective agreements, and also in event of a strategy development for oil companies to further avoid labor conflicts.
Assessing Implementation Fidelity of a School-Based Crisis Prevention Program with an Ex-Post-Facto Design: The NETWASS FOI Assessment System
Authors: Fiedler Nora , Leuschner Vincenz , Sommer Friederike , Cornell Dewey , Scheithauer Herbert
Published: April 2020

This research paper presents an operationalization procedure for measuring fidelity of implementation (FOI) of a school-based crisis prevention program. The implementation literature recommends that program developers specify core components of an intervention that are directly related to a program’s theory of change and need to be implemented with high FOI. This approach allows stakeholders some flexibility to adapt a program to individual circumstances yet helps assure that the intended outcomes are achieved. We trained 3,473 school staff in 98 German schools in the NETWorks Against School Shootings (NETWASS) program. Following the CORE cycle, we conceptualized 12 core components and operationalized relevant FOI dimensions of dosage, quality, adherence. and responsiveness. FOI was measured ex post facto, i.e after program implementation was completed, and separately for three distinct stages of implementation. Finally, we identified theoretical cut-offs for high fidelity on 15 measures using 91 items derived from an existing data set. Results indicate a high FOI across all schools for the dimensions of dosage and quality. Regarding responsiveness, high FOI was found for intervention compliance at t1 and program acceptance at the follow-up. Participant engagement during the trainings was measured separately and remained below our threshold. Adherence to 10 out of 12 core components was high. After training, school staff reported sufficient theoretical knowledge and were sensitized to recognize students in trouble, but actual case evaluation skills left room for improvement.The resulting FOI Assessment System requires validation by empirical research. Multi-level statistical modelling is necessary to test the hyothesized relationships between FOI per stage and outcomes, and obtain empirical validation of the hypothesized core components. Despite the methodological weaknesses of applying the CORE cycle ex post facto, it seems to be a feasible strategy to assess dimensions of FOI.
The effect of toe-tap exercise on abductor hallucis activity and medial longitudinal arch angle in individuals with pes planus
Authors: Kang Min-Hyeok , Cha Sang-Min , Oh Jae-Seop
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:

Active interventions for pes planus, including short-foot exercises (SF) and toe-spread-out exercises (TSO), aim to continuously support the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) by activating the abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle. However, compensatory movements, such as ankle supination and/or plantar flexion, often occur during these exercises.

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the effects of a novel exercise, i.e., the toe-tap (TT) exercise on AbdH activity and MLA angle.

METHODS:

A total of 16 participants with pes planus participated in this study. Participants performed SF, TSO, and TT exercises. Electromyographic activity of the AbdH and MLA angle during three AbdH contraction exercises were recorded using surface EMG system and digital image analysis program, respectively. The differences in outcome measures among the three exercises were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance.

RESULTS:

The EMG activity of the AbdH was significantly greater during the TT exercise compared to the SF and TSO exercises. The MLA angle was significantly smaller during the TT exercise compared with the SF and TSO exercises.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings suggest that the TT exercise could be effective in activating the AbdH and increasing height of the MLA, as part of a sports rehabilitation program for individuals with pes planus.
LC-ESI-QTOF-MS profiling, protective effects on oxidative damage, and inhibitory activity of enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes and nitric oxide production of Vaccinium corymbosum L. (Ericaceae) extracts
Authors: Tenuta Maria Concetta , Malfa Giuseppe Antonio , Bonesi Marco , Acquaviva Rosaria , Loizzo Monica Rosa , Dugay Annabelle , Bouzidi Chouaha , Tomasello Barbara , Tundis Rosa , Deguin Brigitte
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND: Berries are worldwide recognized as “superfoods” due to the high content of bioactive compounds and the health benefits deriving from their consumption. OBJECTIVE: The present study was planned to assess and to compare the chemical profile and the in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory activities of Vaccinium corymbosum L. berries and leaves extracts obtained by different extraction procedures. Ethanol was chosen as solvent because it is a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) and widely used for the extraction of polar compounds. METHODS: Different extraction techniques such asmaceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extractor and decoction, have been applied by using food grade ethanol/water as solvent mixture, selected as environmentally friendly solvents. Extracts obtained from fruits and leaves were chemically investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and for their potential in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. RESULTS: Some iridoids were detected for the first time in V. corymbosum. Dried leaves extracted by decoction and ethanol with Soxhlet apparatus showed the highest 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals scavenging activity with IC50 value of 0.77μg/mL, which is 2.2-time lower than that positive control ascorbic acid. A promising inhibition of the production of nitrate/nitrite, critical mediators of inflammation, was found. The decoction of berries showed the highest activity in counteracting nitric oxide (NO.) production. Furthermore, two leaves extracts (decoction of dried leaves and hydroalcoholic maceration of fresh leaves) were particularly active as α-amylase inhibitors with IC50 values of 16.16 and 20.55 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This work could provide valuable basis for future research on V. corymbosum to improve recovery of specific active compounds such as flavonoids and iridoids