bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexões comparadas sobre a ética utilitarista nas obras "A carteira", de Machado de Assis, e "O capote", de Nikolai Gogol
Authors: Lopes Penido Pena Júlia , Freitas Marcus
Published: August 2021

Sob a luz das obras A ética protestante e o “espírito” do capitalismo, de Max Weber (2007), e As ideias fora do lugar, de Roberto Schwarz (1992), este trabalho visa à análise comparativa dos contos A carteira, de Machado de Assis (2019), e O capote, de Nikolai Gogol (2001). Assim, a contraposição dos contextos das obras evidenciou grande semelhança entre as sociedades - como Schwarz deixa claro -, o que reflete na proximidade das características morais das personagens dos contos. Tais características, sobretudo referentes à economia, deixam clara a discrepância da ética presente em países protestantes – descritos por Weber. Em A carteira, Machado nos apresenta Honório como protagonista, o qual preza pela imagem de homem honrado, e, principalmente, pela manutenção de seus créditos social e financeiro, ainda que desenvolva questionamentos morais ao longo do conto. Já em O capote, Gogol faz com que Akaki seja a representação do homem que preza pelo trabalho pelo viés tradicionalista – sem visar ao acúmulo de dinheiro ou ao lucro. Os contos analisados, por serem verossímeis, apresentam, respectivamente, características sociais do Brasil Império e da Rússia czarista e, portanto, suas personagens reproduzem padrões éticos vigentes na época – o que permite analisar e comparar as obras e os contextos em que estas estão inseridas. Por meio deste trabalho, a ética utilitarista – pregada por Benjamin Franklin e descrita por Weber – se mostrou presente em ambas as sociedades, ainda que o tradicionalismo estivesse presente, o que evidenciou o fato de que tais elementos não são excludentes.
PROMOTION OF PHARMACY ORGANIZATIONS SERVICES IN CONDITIONS OF NON-PRICE COMPETITION
Authors: КАЙТБЕК А.К. , ДЮСЕМБИНОВА Г.А.
Published: August 2021

В статье представлены обзорные данные по проведению маркетингового продвижения аптечных организаций в современных условиях неценовой конкуренции. Показаны методы привлечения клиентов в аптечные организации при помощи мерчендайзинга, рекламы и квалифицированного персонала.

The article presents an overview of the marketing promotion of pharmacy organizations in modern conditions of non-price competition. Methods of attracting customers to pharmacy organizations with the help of merchandising, advertising and qualified personnel are shown. Purpose. To identify the sales promotion tools used in pharmacies; and to identify the effective sales promotion tools that most influence the consumer's purchase decision. Materials and Methods. The article used the method of theoretical research, which is based on the analysis, comparison, specification of available information, as well as the synthesis of the necessary information. We have analyzed the literature data and on the basis of the information obtained identified the main characteristics affecting the attractiveness of the pharmacy in the eyes of the consumer.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR COLLECTION, DRYING AND STORAGE OF MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS OF FERULA ZAILIYSKAYA (FERULA TRANSILIENSIS)
Authors: Оразбай К.К. , Сакипова З.Б. , Ибрагимова Л.Н. , Жумашова Г.Т.
Published: August 2021

В статье представлена надлежащая технология сбора, обработки, сушки и хранения лекарственного растительного сырья корней ферулы заилийской (Ferula transiliensis). В соответствии с результатами исследований установлен оптимальный период сбора корней - ранней весной и поздней осенью, по окончании вегетационного периода. В данный период происходит максимальное накопление эфирных масел в органах растении. Рекомендовано производить сушку на открытом воздухе в тени, без воздействия прямых солнечных лучей или в сушилках при температуре не выше 40°С и периодически их переворачивая. Установлены условия хранения: температура не выше 25°С, влажность 50±5%, в хорошо проветриваемом помещении.

The article presents the proper technology for the collection, processing, drying and storage of medicinal plant raw materials of the roots of the Ferula transiliensis. The optimal period for collecting roots - in early spring and late autumn, at the end of the growing season, was established by the research results. During this period, the maximum accumulation of essential oils in the organs of the plant occurs. It is recommended to dry the raw materials in the open air in the shade, without exposure to direct sunlight, or in dryers at a temperature not exceeding 40° C, and periodically turn them over. Storage conditions are established: temperature not higher than 25 ° C, humidity 50 ± 5%, in well-ventilated premises.
EXPERIENCE WITH THE USE OF ALUVIA IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MODERATE COVID-19
Authors: Кошкимбаев Б. Б. , Кунградбаева А. Ж. , Сахиева Б. А.
Published: August 2021

В настоящее время этиологическое лечение корона вирусной инфекции COVID-19 SARS CoV-2 не выявлено. Было исследовано влияние различных групп противовирусных препаратов на коронавирус. В ряде стран активно применялся лекарственный препарат Алувиа против коронавируса (комбинированный лопинавир и ритонавир). В данной научной работе представлены результаты применения высоко активных антиретро вирусных препаратов при коронавирусной инфекции.Лопинавир - ингибитор протеаз ВИЧ-1 и ВИЧ-2 - предотвращает расщепление gagpol-полипротеина, приводя к продукции незрелого неинфекционного вируса. Ритонавир - пептидомиметический ингибитор ВИЧ-1 и ВИЧ-2 аспартил протеаз. Торможение ВИЧ-протеазы делает этот фермент неспособным к обработке предшественника gag pol полипротеина, что приводит к образованию морфологически незрелых ВИЧ частиц, не способных к инициированию новых циклов инфицирования. [1]

Currently, no etiological treatment of COVID-19 SARS CoV-2 coronavirus infection has been identified. The influence of various antiviral drug groups on the coronavirus was studied. One of them is the drug lopinavir \\ritonavir. This scientific paper presents an analysis of the experience of using highly active antiretroviral drugs in coronavirus infection. Lopinaviran inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV - 2 proteases prevents the cleavage of gagpolpolyprotein, leading to the production of an immature noninfectious virus.Ritonavir is a peptidomimetic inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 aspartyl proteases. Inhibition of HIV protease makes this enzyme unable to process the gag pol precursor polyprotein, which leads to the formation of morphologically immature HIV particles that are not able to initiate new infection cycles. [1]
ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF MAJOR INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND IN COVID-19
Authors: УТЕПБЕРГЕНОВА Г.А. , КУЛЬЖАНОВА К.Д. , НАСЫРОВА К.Б. , НАУРЫЗОВА А.А.
Published: August 2021

В настоящей статье проведен анализ антибиотикочувствительности штаммов из различных биоматериалов в ШГИБ за 2017 год и чувствительности к антибиотикам у пациентов с диагнозом Covid -19, находившиеся на лечении в ГИБ в период с 26.03 по 31.07.2020г. Установлено, что штаммы вышеуказанных бактерий обладают различным спектром антибиотикорезистентности и они должны включаться в схему этиотропной терапии после определения антибиотикочувствительности штамма, выделенного от больного.

This article analyzes the antibiotic sensitivity of strains from various biomaterials in the SHGIB for 2017 and the sensitivity to antibiotics in patients diagnosed with Covid-19 who were treated in the GIB in the period from 26.03 to 31.07.2020. It was found that the strains of the above-mentioned bacteria have a different spectrum of antibiotic resistance and they should be included in the etiotropic therapy regimen after determining the antibiotic sensitivity of the strain isolated from the patient
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Pembenihan Ikan Hias Black Ghost (Apteronotus albifrons) di Arifin Fish Farm, Bogor
Authors: Putra I Wayan Edo Anggara , Ediyanto
Published: August 2021

Ikan hias merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang menjadi komoditas perdagangan potensial dan memiliki prospek yang baik, dengan nilai ekspor ikan hias meningkat tiap tahunnya. Kegiatan usaha ikan hias memiliki beberapa keunggulan, diantaranya pasarnya tidak pernah jenuh, pengembangan strain baru yang dapat dilakukan secara individu, serta dapat memberdayakan masyarakat melalui industrinya yang bermuara pada pasar ekspor. Hasil analisis finansial yang terdiri dari beberapa kriteria investasi meliputi Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp 94.609.944, nilai Net B/C Ratio yaitu 1,1 artinya usaha ini dinyatakan layak. Nilai IRR atau Internal Rate of Return yaitu 40,74%. Nilai Payback Period (PP) yang diperoleh yaitu 2,8 tahun atau 2 tahun 9 bulan 19 hari yang berarti dalam jangka waktu tersebut atau kurang dari 5 tahun biaya investasi yang ditanamkan pada usaha ini dapat dikembalikan. Berdasarkan analisis kelayakan usaha baik secara finansial maupun non finansial yaitu usaha pembenihan ikan hias black ghost di Arifin Fish Farm dinyatakan layak untuk dijalankan.
Pengaruh Story Telling Terhadap Kecemasan Anak Prasekolah pada Tindakan Pemasangan Infus di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Makassar
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Ismail Yusnita
Published: August 2021

Nursing actions in children, generally require invasive measures (infusion). Infusion is a medical procedure that causes a lot of anxiety in pediatric patients. One way to reduce anxiety in children is to use storytelling therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storytelling on preschool children's anxiety in the infusion procedure at Bhayangkara Hospital Makassar. This type of research is a pre-experimental research with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. The determination of the sample was carried out by purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 32 respondents. The effect test was carried out using a paired sample T-test with a significance level of <0.05. The results showed that before doing story telling the anxiety of pre-school age children was moderate anxiety (40.6%) and severe anxiety (59.4%), children's anxiety after storytelling, moderate anxiety (78.1%) and severe anxiety. (21.9%). There is an effect of storytelling on the anxiety of preschoolers during the infusion in the emergency room at Bhayangkara Hospital Makassar, the p value = 0.000 (?<0.05). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant effect of storytelling on the anxiety of preschoolers during the infusion in the emergency room at Bhayangkara Hospital Makassar. Therefore, it is expected that nurses in the emergency room can apply story telling during the infusion in preschool children.
Pola Interaksi Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Motorik AUD Selama Masa Pandemi Covid 19 di TK Al Ikhlas
Authors: Mahdi Nur Imam , Misnan Misnan , Roza Yulfina , Br Ginting Erawati , Lestari Winda
Published: August 2021

This study aims to analyze: (1) various difficulties in learning courageously, (2) the pattern of cooperation between teachers and parents in improving children's motor skills, (3) relationships that increase cooperation in improving children's motor skills. The research method used is a qualitative research method, with a descriptive study approach. The results showed that the variety of learning difficulties during the Covid-19 pandemic, including because of the difficulty of the teacher in determining the type of motor-based learning activities for children, the difficulty of the teacher in compiling motor-based learning indicators, difficulty in assessing children's development, difficulty in assessing the honesty of children in carrying out activities motor learning. Both the conclusions of the second problem formulation related to the interaction patterns of teachers and parents in improving children's motor skills, there are two things that direct interaction and indirect interaction, while the less enthusiastic deposits of parents, different understanding between teachers and parents, internet networks not optimal, difficulties in implementing learning.
Footprints: Hydrothermal Alteration and Geochemical Dispersion Around Porphyry Copper Deposits
Authors: Halley Scott , Dilles John H. , Tosdal Richard M.
Published: August 2021

Whole-rock lithogeochemical analyses combined with short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy provide a rapid and cost-effective method for prospecting for porphyry-type hydrothermal systems. Lithogeochemistry detects trace metals to average crustal abundance levels and allows vectoring via gradients of chalcophile and lithophile elements transported by magmatic-hydrothermal ore and external circulating fluids that are dispersed and trapped in altered rocks. Of particular use are alkalis in sericite and metals such as Mo, W, Se, Te, Bi, As, and Sb, which form stable oxides that remain in weathered rocks and soils. SWIR mapping of shifts in the 2,200-nm Al-OH absorption feature in sericite define paleofluid pH gradients useful for vectoring toward the center of the buoyant metal-bearing magmatic-hydrothermal plume.
Transforming the Business of Gold Exploration: Adapting to Deeper Exploration
Authors: Dan Wood AO
Published: August 2021

Note: This article is condensed from a key­note address, Transforming the Business of Gold Exploration, presented at the NewGen-Gold 2017 Conference in Perth, Australia, on November 14, 2017. Permission to adapt the published article was kindly provided by Keith Yates & Associates Pty Ltd and Paydirt Media Pty Ltd. NewGenGold conferences have been held every two years since 1995 to document case histories of discovery and to provide exploration geologists with valuable insights into the discovery process.
DISKURSUS TAFSIR MAQĀṢIDI
Authors: Saihu Made
Published: August 2021

Maqasidi interpretation discourse as a form of response methodology of interpretation to the current situation faced. This response is considered as one of the efforts to synchronize religious teachings to the development and interpretation as well as social society. The explanation in this paper is descriptive as an effort to understand the existence as a maqasidi interpretation in the modern era. This means that maqasidi interpretation as a modern interpretation performs the construction of works of past or classical interpretation using interpretive methods that have developed in contemporary times.
SIKAP DAN KEBUTUHAN MANUSIA TERHADAP AL-QURAN
Authors: Surasman Otong
Published: August 2021

The importance of reintroducing the holy book of the Qur'an to the public, especially among academics who are engaged in the field of the Qur'an. This paper provides important information regarding the explanation of the Qur'an about itself, so that it is hoped that with this description you can get to know the Qur'an closer and more intimately. The method used in writing this journal refers to the provisions of the thematic interpretation method, which is trying to collect verses containing the vocabulary of the Qur'an and trying to reveal the messages it contains. The goal is that Muslims can understand well the content of the verses of the Qur'an which contain information about the Qur'an itself. Allegedly while there are still many Muslims who do not know the Qur'an comprehensively in general, only among academics who are engaged in the field of the Qur'an, who may already know it, but in general there are still many who do not know. It is very important to dig out the names of the Qur'ān bi al-Qur'ān (the names of the Qur'an with the Qur'an).
Social Challenges Learners Residing in Informal Settlements in Katima Mulilo Town Face in Learning
Authors: Maemeko Eugene , Mukwambo Muzwa , Nkengbeza David
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this article was to find out social challenges learners residing in informal settlements in Katima Mulilo Town face. Informal settlements crop up as people move from rural settings to urban areas as they seek better facilities, a process known as urbanisation. However, not all who migrate into urban areas end up getting the required facilities. This result in some finding residence in informal settlements where conditions are deplorable and as a result brings some social challenges to learning. This article’s objective is to explore the social challenges learners residing in informal settlements face in learning. The article also seeks possible ways to deal with the social challenges in order to make learning possible. To come up with response to the questions, the study adopted a qualitative research approach. Instruments used to generate data were observation and interviews. To support the data generated from the participants, the learners, the social capital theory and urban theories were used. Some of the social challenges found to impede learning include poverty, flooding, expensive water and electricity bills, limited sewage disposal system, unfair relocations, poor sanitation, unemployment and high crime rate. Solutions were also suggested on how to overcome these challenges.
A Research on the Influence of Scaffolding Teaching on Junior High School Students’ English Reading Ability
Authors: Dan YANG
Published: August 2021

This research tries to apply the scaffolding teaching mode in English reading teaching, with the purpose of enhancing students’ interest in reading and improving their reading levels. This study explores whether scaffolding teaching can enhance students’ reading interest and thus improve junior high school students’ English reading ability. After a 3-month-long teaching experiment, through the comparison and analysis of questionnaires and English reading scores, it is found out that scaffolding teaching is beneficial to enhance students’ reading interest and improve students’ reading level.
Improving Writing Skills with Systemic Functional Linguistic Approach: The Case of Vietnamese EFL Students
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Thu
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted with the purpose to identify the effectiveness of Systemic Functional Linguistic approach to improve writing skills for the EFL students at a university in Hanoi, Viet Nam. The preliminary investigation showed that most students at this university experienced many difficulties in English writing skills and they were not motivated in writing lessons. To make situation better, an action research plan was conducted with the use of quantitative and qualitative methods, focusing on applying Systemic Functional Linguistic approach, typically Theme-Rheme patterns to raise the students’ awareness of Theme-Rheme benefits in creating logical text organization and then improve their writing skills. The subjects of the study were 30 students of English major at a university of foreign languages in Vietnam. The data were collected through the pre- and post-tests, questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study suggested that the use of this approach could improve the students’ writing skills and most of research students liked this technique because it made them motivated during English writing lessons.
Impact of Prolonged Duration of Symptoms on Mental Health in Anterior Cervical Disectomy and Fusion Patients
Authors: Lynch Conor P. , Cha Elliot D. K. , Mohan Shruthi , Geoghegan Cara E. , Jadczak Caroline N. , Singh Kern
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Prolonged duration of symptoms is associated with worse pain and disability in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Our study aims to determine the effect of symptom duration on severity of depression among ACDF patients.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed a prospective surgical database from 2006 to 2019 for primary, single, or multilevel ACDF. Patients missing the duration of symptom information or patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were excluded. PROMs included Patient Health Questionnaire-9, 12-Item Short Form Mental Component Score, and 12-Item Veterans RAND Mental Component Score and were collected at preoperative, 6-week, 12-week, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year timepoints. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) was calculated using the established values. Patients were categorized based on preoperative duration of symptoms as follows: <6 months, ≥6 months and <1 year, 1 to 2 years, and >2 years. Univariate analysis was done to determine differences in demographics and perioperative characteristics. Intergroup differences in PROMs and MCID achievement were evaluated using linear regression and logistic regression, respectively.

Results:

Two hundred thirty-one ACDF patients included had a mean age of 49.6 years and most were male (61.0%) and nonobese (<30 kg/m2; 55.0%). The groups differed by their American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (P = 0.029), workers' compensation status (P = 0.022), and diagnosis of herniated nucleus pulposus (P = 0.010). Postoperative mental health outcomes did not significantly differ between duration groups except for Veterans Rand-12 Mental Component Score at 12 weeks (P = 0.044). MCID achievement rates did not significantly differ.

Conclusion:

Patients undergoing ACDF largely did not demonstrate differences in mental health scores or achievement of MCID based on the duration of symptoms.
Top Three Learning Platforms for Orthopaedic In-Training Knowledge Produce Different Results
Authors: Margalit Adam , Mixa Patrick , Day Louis , Marrache Majd , Mitchell Stuart , Suresh Krishna V. , Wang Kevin , Sabharwal Samir , Li Tuo Peter , Loeb Alexander , Naziri Qais , Henn R. Frank , Laporte Dawn
Published: August 2021

Objective:

To compare the influence of objective and subjective measures of the three learning programs (OrthoBullets [OB], ResStudy [RS], and Clinical Classroom [CC]) on resident test performance and study platform preference.

Methods:

Sixty residents from three orthopaedic residencies were included in this study during May 2020. Trauma, pediatrics, and hip/knee reconstruction (joints) were chosen as testing topics. Residents took a standardized pretest of 30 questions per topic, followed by the completion of 50 questions per day for 5 days using one of the three web-based programs, followed by a standardized subject-specific posttest. This cycle was repeated for all the three topics. Bivariate statistics and a mixed-effects linear regression model were used to compare improvements in the scores.

Results:

Across all learning platforms, topics, and postgraduate year classes, posttest scores were 4.4% higher than the pretest score (73.3% vs. 68.9%, P < 0.001): 6.8% higher with OB, 5.4% with RS, and 1.0% with CC. The score improvement with OB was significantly greater than the score improvement with CC (P < 0.001). In total, 100% of residents reported that using OB would improve their score on the orthopaedic in-training examination, compared with 95% with RS and 67% with CC.

Conclusion:

OB demonstrated the greatest improvement in scores, followed closely by RS and then CC.
Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum With Bacillus spp. Strains
Authors: Montalvão Sandro C. L. , Castro Marcelo T. de , Blum Luiz E. B. , Monnerat Rose Gomes
Published: August 2021

The wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum in cotton is one of the main diseases of this crop. The pathogen is difficult to control because it produces chlamydospores, which allows it to survive in the soil for long periods without the presence of its main host. The control of this disease is based on varieties with some resistance, certified seeds, and fungicides used to treat seeds. Thus, the development of control alternatives is needed to increase the number of resources to manage this disease in the field. Bacillus are bioregulators and antagonists of several important phytopathogens. Therefore, the objective of this work was to select strains of Bacillus (Paenibacillus alvei, Bacillus thuringiensis, B. megaterium, and B. lentus), whose metabolites are toxic to F. oxysporum in laboratory and greenhouse conditions, in addition to adjusting in vitro methodologies to perform and evaluate selection tests. This work determined the best culture medium for the direct confrontation assays, proposed a grading scale to facilitate decisions about selection with the dual tests, identified among the strains selected in the confrontation assays those that produce volatile and non-volatile metabolites toxic to F. oxysporum, and tested these selected strains for disease control during seed germination in greenhouse trials. In last test, some strains of Bacillus had a potential protective effect during the germination of cotton seeds.
Reaction of Sour Passion Fruit Lineages and Hybrids to Bacterial Spot Caused by Xanthomonas axononopodis pv. passiflorae Under Protected Cultivation and Field Conditions
Authors: Nogueira Isadora , Costa Anne Pinheiro , Peixoto José Ricardo , Vilela Michelle Souza
Published: August 2021

Passion fruit is infected by many plant pathogens, including Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae, causing bacterial spot disease. This disease has been impaired orchards all over Brazil, resulting in low yield and production. In addition, it results in premature death of plants in the field. This study aimed to analyze the reaction of sour passion fruit genotypes to bacterial spot in leaves under protected cultivation (Experiment 1) and the bacterial spot severity in fruits under field conditions (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 was carried out as a randomized block design (RBD) with subdivided plots, composed of 24 treatments (genotypes), three replications, five plants per plot, and five evaluation dates. Bacterial spot incidence and severity were evaluated using a 0 to 5 grading scale. Evaluations were carried out at a 7-day interval after disease symptoms first appeared. Genotypes differed for mean disease severity and incidence. The bacterial spot disease evaluations showed that genotypes MAR20#46 P3 R4 X Rosa Claro R4 and MD 16 P3 X MAR20#39 P1 R4 presented the lowest scores for the disease incidence in the leaves. S2L AP R1, MAR20#19 ROXO R4 X ECRAM P3 R3, and MD 16 P3 X MAR20#39 P1 R4 were the genotypes with the lowest disease severity scores. Experiment 2 consisted of a RBD with 24 treatments, three replications, and seven plants per plot. Severity assessments were monthly performed on five fruits per plot, totaling three evaluation dates. In this experiment, the percentage of total fruit area with necrotic lesions was measured using a 1 to 4 grading scale. Bacterial spot severity assessments in fruits identified interactions between genotypes and evaluation dates (p ≤ 0.05). The lineages S2L MAR 20#15 R4 and S2L MAR20#19 R2 showed the lowest mean severity scores of bacterial spot in fruit. The genotypes with the lowest mean scores were selected to continue the breeding program.
Sublethal Concentration of Pyriproxyfen Reduces Testicular Connective Tissue Thickness in Euschistus heros Fabr. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Matsumoto Janaina F. , Cremonez Paulo S. G. , Roggia Samuel , Falleiros Angela M. F. , Levy Sheila M. , Neves Pedro M. O. J. , Pinheiro Daniela O.
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the insecticide pyriproxyfen (Tiger™ 100 CE), juvenile hormone analogue, when applied in a sublethal LC30 concentration (0.668 mL a. i. L-1), on the morphological and morphometric parameters of external and internal connective tissue (CT) of the Neotropical-brown stink bug Euschistus heros testicles. The insecticide was applied on nymphs from the 4th instar using a Potter tower with a working pressure of 82.73 kPa (12 lb pol-²) and 1 mL of the emulsion per replicate. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of two treatments (control and pyriproxyfen-treated), five repetitions, and 10 adults of E. heros per experimental unit. The insects were maintained under controlled conditions until the emergence of adults. After 48 h of emergence of adults, the testicles were collected, fixed, and processed for morphological and morphometric analyses. A change was observed in the collagen fibers of the CT of treated insects when compared with those of controls. It was also observed that both types of CT (dense irregular and loose) over the internal tunic of the treated insect were thinner than those in control insects. The analysis showed that pyriproxyfen significantly reduced the external and internal CT width and the conformation of its fibers in all the observed regions when compared with the controls; this may affect the production of the three different types of sperm present in this species.
De werkplek thuis, bezien in het licht van COVID-19
Authors: Drost Simone , Bosman Willemijn
Published: August 2021

De werkplek thuis, bezien in het licht van COVID-19

De auteurs staan stil bij het door de coronacrisis noodgedwongen thuiswerken. Het wetsvoorstel Werken waar je wilt en ontslagrechtelijke aspecten worden behandeld.
De billijke vergoeding: welk geval wordt met welk geval vergeleken?
Authors: Lenders Willemijn
Published: August 2021

De billijke vergoeding: welk geval wordt met welk geval vergeleken?

Het vaststellen van de hoogte van de billijke vergoeding is door de wetgever aan de rechter overgelaten. De Hoge Raad heeft inmiddels een kader geschetst. Op basis hiervan wordt uitgegaan van de gevalsvergelijking als startpunt voor de begroting van de billijke vergoeding.

In dit artikel staat deze vergelijking centraal, en meer in het bijzonder de vraag welke gevallen met elkaar moeten worden vergeleken.
Het sociaal plan met de ondernemingsraad nader bekeken
Authors: Wiersma Klaas , van Geen Anne
Published: August 2021

Het sociaal plan met de ondernemingsraad nader bekeken

Waar de ondernemingsraad eerst met name als toehoorder bij de onderhandelingen tussen de vakbonden en de ondernemer zat, lijken werkgevers er in toenemende mate de voorkeur aan te geven om een sociaal plan met de ondernemingsraad overeen te komen in plaats van met de vakbonden. In deze bijdrage onderzoeken de auteurs wat de werking is van een met de ondernemingsraad overeengekomen sociaal plan en wat de rol van de ondernemingsraad kan zijn als de ondernemer zijn verplichtingen uit het sociaal plan niet nakomt. Aansluitend doen de auteurs een aanbeveling om de positie van de ondernemingsraad te versterken in een eventueel geschil over de uitleg of nakoming van het sociaal plan.
Groen van Prinsterer las Tocqueville
Authors: de Vries Jurn
Published: August 2021

Groen van Prinsterer read Tocqueville

The books by the French writer Alexis Tocqueville attracted great interest, also in the Netherlands, including Groen van Prinsterer and his friends. Groen frequently quotes from it, often with approval – for example about the vulnerability of democracy –, sometimes with critical commentary – about democracy as the fruit of revolutionary concepts, for example. This article contains the result of an investigation into intercourse of Groen with the works of Tocqueville. This research was carried out as part of the Tocqueville project of Prof. Sophie van Bijsterveld, professor of Law, Religion and Society at Radboud University in Nijmegen (https://www.ru.nl/tocqueville/).
БНХАУ-ын дарга Си Зиньпиний ОХУ-д хийсэн ажлын айлчлал, Орос-Хятадын стратегийн түншлэлийн өрнөлт
Authors: А Нямдолжин
Published: August 2021

БНХАУ-ы н дарга Си Зиньпин 2013 оны 3-р сарын 22-24-ний өдрүүдэд ОХУ-д ажлын айлчлал хийсэн нь дэлхийн олон нийтийн анхаарлыг ихэд татлаа. Өмнөд хөршийн төрийн тэргүүн хилийн чанадад хийх анхны айлчлалаа ОХУ-аас эхэлсэн нь Хятадын шинэ удирдагчид дэлхийн улс төр, эдийн засагт эзлэх байр суурь нөлөөгөө бэхжүүлэх үүднээс орос-хятадын стратегийн түншлэлээ улам зузаатган бэхжүүлэх гадаад бодлогын чиг шугамыг хэвээр хэрэгжүүлж байгаагаа нотлон харууллаа. Айлчлалын үеэр хоёр улсын хамтын ажиллагааны бүхий л чиглэлийг хамарсан 35 багц баримт бичигт гарын үсэг зурсан нь үүний илрэл юм.

 

China’s President Xi Jinping’s visit Russia and new stage of Russia-China strategic partnership relations

Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Russia on a working visit. The talks which attracted worldwide attraction were held in Moscow from 22 to 24 March 2013. During the talks, Russia and China signed 35 agreements on cooperation. The two leaders discussed trade and economic cooperation in the fields of the high-tech, environmental protection, culture and tourism. During the visit, the two leaders signed a joint statement between China and Russia on mutual cooperation and deepening the relations of a comprehensive strategic partnership of cooperation.
Монгол Улс дахь Ислам: түүх, өнөөгийн байдал, хэтийн төлөв
Authors: М Хурметхан
Published: August 2021

Тус өгүүлэлд Монгол Улс дахь исламын шашны түүх, өнөөгийн байдал, хэтийн төлвийн талаар тусган харуулжээ.

 

Islam in Mongolia: past, present and future

Mongolia is one of the countries where Islam has spread. Studying the history of spread of Islam and present situation in Mongolia which is a part of Central Asian civilization became an important issue. Islam and Muslims in Mongolia overcame difficult and harsh fate in various phases of history and reached the period of today’s democracy and globalization and favourable conditions of spread of Islam in Mongolia.
Монгол Улсын уул уурхайн баялгийг ашиглах явцад тулгамдсан асуудлууд
Authors: М Бүрэнжаргал
Published: August 2021

Энэ зууны эхэн үеэс олон улсын зах зээл дээрх байгалийн баялгийн бүтээгдэхүүний үнэ ханш ихээр өсөхийг дагалдан уул уурхайн баялгийг голлон ашиглах болсонтой уялдан Монгол Улсын эдийн засгийн өсөлт хурдацтай нэмэгдэж хөгжлийн тааламжтай байдалд оржээ. Гэвч Монголын улс төр, эдийн засаг, газар зүйн өвөрмөц онцлогоос болж уул уурхайн баялгийг ашиглах явцад зарим ашиггүй байдал тулгамдаж байгаа ба тус өгүүлэлд эдгээр асуудалд ажиглалт хийсэн болно.

 

English title: Priority Issues on Utilization of Mining Wealth in Mongolia
Вопросы Российско-Монгольских отношений в начале XX века (1900-1921 гг): экономика, дипломатия, культура
Authors: А.П Суходолов , Б Болдбаатар , Ю.В Кузьмин , Д Шүрхүү
Published: August 2021

В статье показано развитие русско-монгольских отношений в первой четверти XX века, становление монгольского национального государства и роль России; представлена современная характеристика исследований данной проблемы в российской и монгольской историографии.

 

Questions of Russian-Mongolian Relations in the Beginning of 20th century (1900-1921): Economics, Diplomacy and Culture

 The development of Russian-Mongolian relations in the first quarter of XX century, formation of the Mongolian national state ant the role of Russia in this process are mentioned in this article; the modern characteristic of researches of these problems in Russian and Mongolian historiography is also presented.
Улаанбаатарын санаачилга: хамтын ажиллагааны боломж ба хязгаар
Authors: Ц Батбаяр
Published: August 2021

English title: Ulaanbaatar Initiature Opportunity and Limitation of Cooperation
Бүс нутгийн интеграцид дулдуйдан хөгжих нь Монгол Улсын ирээдүйн амжилтын түлхүүр мөн
Authors: С Пауст
Published: August 2021

English title: Development Relied on Regional Integration is a Key to the Future Success of Mongolia
Монгол-Оросын харилцааны түүхэн сургамж
Authors: Л Дугаржав
Published: August 2021

Говь талын малчны гэрт бойжиж ботго тугал эргүүлж, адуу тэмээнд давхиж өссөн малчны хүү миний бие Москвад суралцахаар явсан үеэсээ эхлээд 40 шахам жил оросуудтай хамтран ажиллаж байна. Үүний зэрэгцээ Орос-Монголын харилцааг олон жил ажиглаж, цаг л гарвал энэ талаар уншиж, уулзаж учирч явсан хүмүүсийнхээ бодол санааг зориуд сонирхон сонсож, судалгаа хийж явна. Энэ удаа би өөрийнхөө санал бодлоо, эгэл жирийн монголчуудынхаа ойлголттой жишиж тунгаан, уншигч олондоо толилуулж байна.

 

English title: Historical Lessons of Mongolian and Russian Relations
Preliminary biometric characteristics of Greyster dogs
Authors: Frąckowiak Hieronim , Brylewski Mateusz , Pęzińska-Kijak Katarzyna , Zdun Maciej
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to record and analyse selected biometric data based on the results of measurements of Greyster dogs actively involved in sports. The results of our study were compared with the biometric indices of other breeds of dogs, including the original breeds from which Greysters derive, and the indices of Polish native breeds. The study showed that the Greysters were characterised by intermediate height, as compared with their original breeds, i.e. they were shorter than Greyhounds and taller than German Shorthaired Pointers, and their height index was lower than one. This means that the height at the withers dominated over the diagonal body length in the rectangular shape of the Greyster body. The massiveness index showed that the advantage of the chest girth over the height at the withers was similar to that of the Polish Greyhound. The Greyster eurysomy index was also similar to that of the Polish Greyhound. The biometric parameters of Greysters incline them to run fast. This inclination was also indicated by the leg length index and the proportions of the length of the sections of the pelvic limb. Further research is necessary to obtain full biometric characteristics of Greysters. The results obtained at this stage of the research can be used as an auxiliary tool to select these animals for reproduction or sport competitions. If a breed standard is to be established for Greyster dogs and they are classified as an FCI breed, any information with biometric data may help to set this standard.
Formal and legal conditions for the performance of air operations in the Polish airspace by foreign aircraft
Authors: Markiewicz Telesfor Marek
Published: August 2021

The article reviews selected provisions of international, EU and national aviation law concerning the requirements and conditions of international flights by aircraft users and air carriers. The procedures and the process of verification of verification of compliance with formal and legal requirements determining the possibility of crossing the state border by a foreign (civil and military) aircraft in order to perform a transit flight in the Polish airspace or to land on the territory of Poland were also characterized. The author pointed out the entities participating in the process of deciding on the possibility of a foreign aircraft to perform an air operation in FIR Warsaw, specifying the scope of their competence and presented the activities of a specialised organisational unit of the Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (PANSA), responsible for initial processing of flight data.
A Psychosocial Perspective about Mental Health and League of Legends in Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Paulo , Suzano José Antonio , Gonçalvez Ingrid , Pereira Filho Silas , Santoro Flávia Maria , Oliveira Jonice
Published: August 2021

Every month, millions of users worldwide play the online digital game League of Legends, which also contains a server dedicated to the Brazilian region. Social oppression by race, skin color, sexual orientation, among others, occurs within the game and is reported constantly. In this paper, we analyzed possible indications of depressive disorder by using an online questionnaire as a basis. We used quantitative and qualitative methods, analyzing the relationship between the interactions and the social identities of the players. We define quantitative hypotheses and qualitative syntheses related to different social factors of the game through the analysis of 604 responses. League of Legends has a negative influence on the mental health of socially peripheral players, and the qualitative analysis exposes specific and widespread cases of oppression and discrimination. We present a discussion on ethics, possible collusion with oppression, and proposals for mitigation or solution.
Development and Test of a Serious Game for Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion Exercises of the Feet
Authors: Ferreira Daniel Rogério , Baptista Caio Kaufman , Rodrigues Bruno da Silva , Siqueira Barbara Campos , Blascovi-Assis Silvana M. , Corrêa Ana Grasielle
Published: August 2021

Congenital clubfoot is the most common disease of the musculoskeletal system, causing deformities in the musculature of the foot and requiring long-term motor rehabilitation. This article shows the design and development of a serious game to support the process of motor rehabilitation of clubfoot through dorsiflexion and plantarflexion exercises. The game is controlled by a wearable device (Papeteshoes), where the accelerometers are responsible for detecting the movement of the foot. A pilot test was carried out withtwo children with and without clubfoot (Congenital Talipes Equi-novarus-CTE) to examine the feasibility of the game as a therapy instrument. Usability and applicability questionnaires were applied after using the game. The results show that both children reacted in the same way to the proposals, performing the necessary movements for the motor recruitment of the muscles related to the leg and foot and maintaining the range of motion of the ankle joint.
Klimato kaitos nuostatos, elgsena ir komunikacija Lietuvoje
Authors: Telešienė Audronė , Balžekienė Aistė , Budžytė Agnė , Rabitz Florian , Vilčinskas Vidas , Zolubienė Eimantė
Published: August 2021

Klimato kaita – viena aktualiausių sąvokų pastaraisiais dešimtmečiais, kuri kelia ne tik nerimą, bet ir daugybę su mūsų pasauliu susijusių problemų. Kauno technologijos universiteto mokslininkai Audronė Telešienė, Aistė Balžekienė, Agnė Budžytė, Florian Rabitz, Vidas Vilčinskas ir Eimantė Zolubienė sutelkė savo sukauptas žinias bei praktikas bendram darbui šia tema ir išleido mokslo monografiją „Klimato kaitos nuostatos, elgsena ir komunikacija Lietuvoje“. Monografijos autoriai kelia daug esminių klausimų, tokių kaip: kaip Lietuvos gyventojai suvokia klimato kaitą? Ar šis suvokimas pasikeitė per pastarąjį dešimtmetį ir kiek šis suvokimas panašus palyginti su kitomis regiono šalimis? Koks klimato kaitos komunikacijos Lietuvos populiariojoje internetinėje naujienų žiniasklaidoje intensyvumas ir turinys? Taip pat daug dėmesio knygoje skiriama statistiniams duomenims, jų iliustravimui, todėl knyga stengiamasi skaitytoją išsamiai supažindinti su svarbiausiais klimato kaitos suvokimo, nuostatų, elgsenos ir komunikacijos Lietuvoje klausimais bei informacija. Svarbus šios mokslinės monografijos bruožas yra reprezentatyvios Lietuvos visuomenės nuomonės apklausos duomenys, kuriais remiantis galima daryti tikslias, o ne preliminarias išvadas apie susidariusią klimato kaitos situaciją ir reakciją į ją esamuoju laiku. Ši monografija ypač svarbi, kadangi joje pristatomų tyrimų rezultatai ir diskusijos prisideda prie specifinėms kultūrinėms Lietuvos sąlygoms pritaikytų gyvensenos transformacijų ir klimato kaitos komunikacijos strategijų kūrimo. Savo aktualumu, taiklumu ir išsamumu, knyga sudomins bet kurį skaitytoją, kuriam bent šiek tiek aktualios klimato kaitos problemos ir kuriam rūpi, kaip ir kuria kryptimi vyksta Lietuvos pokyčiai.
O FUTURO DA AMAZÔNIA: MODELOS PARA PREVER AS CONSEQÜÊNCIAS DA INFRAESTRUTURA FUTURA NOS PLANOS PLURIANUAIS
Authors: Fearnside Philip Martin , Laurance William F. , Cochrane Mark A. , Bergen Scott , Sampaio Patricia Delamônica , Barber Christopher , D’Angelo Sammya , Fernandes Tito
Published: August 2021

Desde 1996 o planejamento de investimentos do governo brasileiro tem sido organizado em planos quadrianuais: Brasil em Ação (1996-1999), Avança Brasil (2000-2003), PPA [Plano Plurianual] (2004-2007), PAC [Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento] (2008-2011), e PAC-2 (2012-2015). Cada plano tem incluído uma longa lista de rodovias, barragens e outros grandes projetos de infraestrutura na Amazônia. Vários desses projetos têm sido incluídos em uma série de planos, pois restrições econômicas não permitiram a realização das obras no ritmo inicialmente imaginado. Este é o caso de obras como a hidrelétrica de Belo Monte e as rodovias BR-163 (Santarém-Cuiabá) e BR-319 (Manaus-Porto Velho). Estes projetos adiados estão hoje sendorealizados ou próximos à realização. Uma série de modelos tem sido elaborada por diferentes grupos para prever as consequências futuras, caso essas obras sejam realizadas. Diferentes modelos captam diferentes aspectos da problemática, e vários deles indicam grandes aumentos de desmatamento e degradação, com graves implicações ambientais e sociais. Um dos modelos parte da premissa de que as estradas teriam efeitos nulos ou até benéficos sobre total de desmatamento, mas essa suposição contradiz o que é observado no mundo real.
O PONTO PERDIDO NA TRAMA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA COTONICULTURA EM MATO GROSSO
Authors: Faria Alexandre Magno de Melo
Published: August 2021

A cotonicultura brasileira está espacialmente concentrada no estado de Mato Grosso desde a safra de 1999. A estrutura produtiva atual é dominada por grandes empreendimentos capitalistas. Contudo, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1980 a cotonicultura no atual Mato Grosso representava menos de 1% da produção nacional e era desenvolvida pelo campesinato em áreas inferiores a 30 hectares. A produtividade da terra e do trabalho estavam abaixo da média nacional e mundial neste ramo produtivo. Investimentos públicos realizados no início da década de 1980 elevaram substancialmente a produtividade da terra e do trabalho na cotonicultura camponesa, com relevantes impactos na geração de renda e na inclusão social. Contudo, o projeto não recebeu continuidade e as políticas públicas passaram a favorecer o grande capital agrário no início da década de 1990, ajustadas com a corrente neoliberal que se implantou no Brasil. O modelo atual de produção privilegia a concentração produtiva em áreas acima de 2.800 hectares, negligenciando milhares de famílias camponesas que poderiam fornecer pluma de alta qualidade aos mercados nacional e internacional e gerar desenvolvimento regional. Perdeu-se uma importante oportunidade de tecer o tecido do desenvolvimento de forma mais equitativa.
Legalization, Decriminalization or Criminalization; Could We Introduce a Global Prescription for Prostitution (Sex Work)?
Authors: Joulaei Hassan , Zarei Nooshin , Khorsandian Mohammadali , Keshavarzian Amir
Published: August 2021

Context: Prostitution is a complex phenomenon defined as the provision of sexual services to receive something (goods or services) which is not sexual. Given the response of different societies and cultures to criminalization, decriminalization, or legalization of prostitution, this study aimed to compare the three aforementioned approaches to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each view. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review study summarizes various views on how to control the prostitution phenomenon. To conduct this study, related articles in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases, as well as documents and reports published by Amnesty International, the World Health Organization, and the United Nations Office on AIDS, were investigated. There was no time limit for searching the articles and documents. Results: Different communities have their own responses to the prostitution phenomenon, depending on their economic, social, and cultural context. According to the literature reviews, three main approaches, including criminalization, decriminalization, and legalization, are recommended to deal with prostitution. In each of these frameworks, human trafficking and child prostitution are criminalized. Although it seems that partial decriminalization has greater benefits with fewer disadvantages, it is not without defects. Conclusions: Using the moderator rules that are embedded in the laws of each country for expediency might reduce the harmful consequences of the first rules, or measures can be taken by considering specific regulations that exist in the national system of each country.