bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADVANTAGES AND OBSTACLES OF APPLYING PHYSIOLOGICAL COMPUTING IN REAL WORLD: LESSONS LEARNED FROM SIMULATOR BASED MARITIME TRAINING
Authors: Wu Y , Miwa T , Uchida M
Published: December 2021

While simulator based maritime training is widely implemented under international maritime organization (IMO) convention and model courses, troublesome issues such as objective evaluation of training effectiveness remain unsolved. Physiological computing system (PhyCS) refers to an innovative bidirectional human computer interaction which is achieved by monitoring, analysing, and responding to operators’ psychophysiological activities in real-time. With the development of wearable devices, it becomes promising to apply PhyCS, which was considered as a laboratory technology, in real-world scenarios. In our experience utilizing view tracker, portable heart beat sensor, electroencephalogram device, and web-cameras in simulator based maritime training, PhyCS shows potential for advanced applications in operator performance assessment, usability tests, and adaptive training. However, ambulatory working environment, body movement artefact, and model verification are intricate obstacles that constrain its applications in the real world. By examining the advantages and obstacles, this paper aims to develop guidelines to apply PhyCS in the real-world.
AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR PRELIMINARY STABILITY AND CONFIGURATION ANALYSES OF SEMI-SUBMERSIBLES
Authors: Gosain G D , Sharma R , Kim Tae-wan
Published: December 2021

In the modern era of design governed by economics and efficiency, the preliminary design of a semi-submersible is critically important because in an evolutionary design environment new designs evolve from the basic preliminary designs and the basic dimensions and configurations affect almost all the parameters related to the economics and efficiency (e.g. hydrodynamic response, stability, deck load and structural steel weight of the structure, etc.). The present paper is focused on exploring an optimum design method that aims not only at optimum motion characteristics but also optimum stability, manufacturing and operational efficiency. Our proposed method determines the most preferable optimum principal dimensions of a semi-submersible that satisfies the desired requirements for motion performance and stability at the preliminary stage of design. Our proposed design approach interlinks the mathematical design model with the global optimization techniques and this paper presents the preliminary design approach, the mathematical model of optimization. Finally, a real world design example of a semi-submersible is presented to show the applicability and efficiency of the proposed design optimization model at the preliminary stage of design.
ANALYSIS OF A WWII T2-TANKER USING A VIRTUAL 3D MODEL AND CONTEMPORARY CRITERIA
Authors: Bonnici C , De Marco Muscat-Fenech C , Ghirlando R
Published: December 2021

The S.S. Ohio that saved the Maltese from capitulation during WWII made it to Malta barely afloat on the 15th of August 1942. Historical literature provides three main hypotheses as to why the tanker did not sink under heavy attack, namely: the use of water pumps partially restored buoyancy, the cargo density and a strong fully welded hull. A stability, floodable length and residual strength analysis was conducted to confirm or disprove the hypotheses. The results indicated that the vessel was stable, the water pumps partially restored buoyancy and was sinking despite her welded structure and cargo on-board. A challenge was to draw a comparison between the results and applicable criteria. At the time, criteria only governed the ship’s scantlings and did not focus on stability, floodable length and residual strength. The research provided engineering evidence on how the S.S. Ohio survived, whilst contemporary criteria were identified to assess the tanker’s characteristics.
MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF AN AUV USING DE-COUPLED APPROACH
Authors: Prasad M P R , Swarup A
Published: December 2021

This paper considers the decoupled dynamics and control of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The decoupled model consists of speed, steering and depth subsystems. Generally AUV model is unstable and nonlinear. The central theme of this paper is the development of model predictive control (MPC) for underwater robotic vehicle for ocean survey applications. The proposed MPC for decoupled structure can have simple implementation. Simulation results have been presented which confirm satisfactory performance. Decoupled approach is well suitable for applying control.
A RESEARCH ON TECHNIQUES, MODELS AND METHODS PROPOSED FOR SHIP COLLISION AVOIDANCE PATH PLANNING PROBLEM
Authors: Fışkın R , Kişi H , Nasibov E
Published: December 2021

The development of soft computing techniques in recent years has encouraged researchers to study on the path planning problem in ship collision avoidance. These techniques have widely been implemented in marine industry and technology-oriented novel solutions have been introduced. Various models, methods and techniques have been proposed to solve the mentioned path planning problem with the aim of preventing reoccurrence of the problem and thus strengthening marine safety as well as providing fuel consumption efficiency. The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the models, methods and technologies proposed to settle the path planning issue in ship collision avoidance. The study also aims to provide certain bibliometric information which develops a literature map of the related field. For this purpose, a thorough literature review has been carried out. The results of the study have pointedly showed that the artificial intelligence methods, fuzzy logic and heuristic algorithms have greatly been used by the researchers who are interested in the related field.
LIGHTSHIP WEIGHT ESTIMATION OF WIND FARM SUPPORT VESSELS AT THE INITIAL DESIGN STAGE
Authors: Bondarenko O V
Published: December 2021

The issue of the determination of lightship weight estimates of wind farm support vessels (WFSV) is considered. The algorithm of determination of components of the lightship weight is suggested. The hull weight of the ships suggested to be calculated through the surface area of the principal structural elements using the parametrical model. The formula for calculation of weight and volume of the superstructures was obtained by making the 3D model of the superstructures of the most widespread projects of WFSV. Using the statistical data processing the dependences were obtained for the determination of engine, gearbox and waterjet weights, which are used in WFSV. The results of the comparative analysis of the lightship weight of WFSV are given.
EFFECTS OF MARINE CONDITION ON THE SPEED AND FUEL CONSUMPTION OF A FULLY – LOADED VLCC
Authors: Hakimzadeh H , Badri M A , Torabi Azad M , Azarsina F , Ezam M
Published: December 2021

Minimizing fuel consumption is a priority for ship-owners seeking to reduce their vessel costs due to sea conditions. One of the most reliable methods used to estimate fuel consumption is to identify field investigations for future voyages. The VLCC Salina was used based on daily field data collected over a proper period and year of 2014 was identified as a period of optimal performance after its periodic dry dock repair. According to verified results for Beaufort scales of 2, 3 and 4, the vessel exhibited an average speed loss of 2.2% due to wind and wave effects for a Froude number of 0.15 while its greatest speed loss was observed at angles of 30‒60° relative to its longitudinal axis. The results were finally used to develop a methodology for estimating fuel consumption of Salina and 3 other sister-ships, during future voyages, in the fleet of the National Iranian tanker company.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFICIENT COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL FOR RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF A MOORED SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE
Authors: Domala V , Sharma R
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the design and development of an efficient modular ‘Computer Simulation Model (CSM)’ for response analysis of a moored semi-submersible. The computer simulation model is designed in two split models (i.e. computational and experimental models) and each of these models consists of various modules. The modules are developed from basic governing equations related to motion and modules are integrated and we aim for a seamless integration. The moored semi-submersible is represented mathematically as six degrees of freedom dynamic system and the coupling effects between the structure and mooring lines are considered. The basic geometric configuration of semi- submersible is modelled and analyzed for stability computations in MS-Excel*TM and then the basic governing equations related to motion are modelled mathematically in a module and solved numerically with Ansys-AQWA**TM. The computational model is validated and verified with some available experimental results. The CSM is utilized to study the surge and sway responses with respect to the horizontal range of mooring lines and our results show good validation with the existing experimental results. Our presented results show that the fibre wires have minimum steady state response in surge and sway degrees of freedom as compared with the steel wires. However, they have large drift as compared with steel wires. Finally, we show that the computer simulation model can help in detailed analysis of responses and results can be utilized for design and development of new age semi-submersibles for optimum performances for a given set of parameters.
Possibilities of dried distillers' grains with solubles application in animal feed
Authors: Nikolić Valentina , Milašinović-Šeremešić Marija , Radosavljević Milica , Simić Marijana , Žilić Slađana , Vančetović Jelena , Božinović Sofija
Published: December 2021

The possibility of utilization of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in animal feed was investigated. Samples of maize hybrids ZP 548 and ZP 655b, and DDGS obtained from hybrids ZP 548 and ZP 548c were used as components of the feed. The total protein content ranged from 12.42% to 31.18%, moisture from 5.49% to 9.55, and ash content from 1.85% to 4.37%. The contents of NDF, ADF, ADL, hemicellulose and cellulose fibers ranged from: 13.90% to 48.13%; 2.9% to 20.69%; 0.27% to 2.44%; 10.69% to 30.17%, 2.62% to 18.32%, respectively. In vitro, dry matter digestibility ranged from 55.20% to 89.76%. It was concluded that the samples of DDG obtained from red and yellow maize hybrids kernel are very suitable as components for the preparation of animal feed.
On social and psychological consequences of prolonged poverty–A longitudinal narrative study from Finland
Authors: Isola Anna-Maria , Virrankari Lotta , Hiilamo Heikki
Published: December 2021

By means of qualitative longitudinal material, this article explores meaningfulness during persistent monetary poverty through an integrative framework, which builds upon conceptualisations of meaning in life (coherence, significance, and purpose) and modes of being (labour, work, action). The material consists of 36 autobiographical accounts and their follow-up accounts from 2006 and 2012. The analysis reveals that in the developed welfare state of Finland, prolonged monetary poverty is connected with the propensity for incoherence and a feeling of insignificance, particularly if life is governed by a vicious cycle of scarcity. Prolonged poverty 1) turns aspirations from long-term to short-term goals and frames life as something characterised by negative anticipation and a circular sense of time. Life primarily takes place in private space. It also 2) weakens the sense of belonging and 3) reduces public participation. These are the domains where the meaning in life is constructed, deconstructed, and reconstructed. In a developed welfare state, the comprehensive and manageable social security scheme maintains coherence, yet universal social policy actions that enable participation in public activities nourish a sense of significance.
Analysis Socioeconomic Influence on the Utilization of Health Service in the Inpatient Room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar
Authors: Arifin Muhammad Alwy , Amriani. AS Amaliah , Abadi Muh. Yusri , Mallongi Anwar , Marzuk Dian Saputra
Published: December 2021

Hospitals in carrying out their role cannot be separated from problems, both from within and from outside that can interfere with the mechanism of work of the hospital in providing health services for the community. Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar is one of the private hospitals in the city of Makassar which in the last 3 years has decreased the value of BOR. The purpose of this study was to find out the socio-economic influence on the utilization of health services in the inpatient room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar. This research is a cross-sectional study. A total of 99 people were sampled in the inpatient room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar by taking a sample using the purposive sampling method. Data is collected by conducting interviews with respondents. Data processing is done by frequency distribution analysis and univariate and multivariate analysis with the Binary Regression approach namely logit and probit analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that socioeconomic variables that have an influence on the utilization of health services in the Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar is the ownership of health insurance with the results of p-value< 0.1 is logit 0.299 and probit of 0.000. For the government to evaluate the ownership of health insurance, because there are still respondents who do not have health insurance where this is not in accordance with the objectives of the National Health Insurance program.
Det er jo min elskede Salomon – eller er det?
Authors: Siegismund Kasper
Published: December 2021

The new Bible translation, Bibelen 2020, makes biblical books accessible to readers with little prior knowledge of the Bible, in idiomatic, contemporary Danish. However, the article argues that the attempt to make the texts accessible may have problematic consequences when the translation directly reflects one specific interpretation. This is particularly the case in the Song of Songs. Bibelen 2020 indicates the speaker of each passage, and the introduction identifies one female speaker (“Sulamit”) and one male (her beloved “Salomon”). In a very problematic way, this interpretation and the idea that the beloved is “Salomon”, referred to as “king”, have been built into the translation. The article discusses the once popular interpretation of the book as a drama including one woman and two men and argues that elements of such an approach can illuminate important aspects of the text. It is argued that these aspects are largely lost in the translation in Bibelen 2020.
Hvem er “vi” egentlig?
Authors: Friis Martin
Published: December 2021

This article explores Paul’s use of first-person plural forms in Galatians (specifically Gal 2:15-16; 3:13-14; 3:23-29; 4:1-7 and 4:26 and 31). Proponents of the ‘Sonderweg perspective’ and of ‘the radical new perspective on Paul’ argue that Paul uses these forms as a rhetorical device. He seeks to identify himself with his non-Jewish audience without implying that he himself nor his fellow Jews share in ‘our’ (i.e., non-Jewish) experiences. In opposition to this view, this article presents a ‘new Pauline perspective’ understanding of Paul’s use of ‘we’/’our’. Instead of assuming that his ‘we’ should be construed as ‘you’, it is argued that it ought to be seen as an inclusive ‘we’. Throughout his argumentation in Galatians Paul actively alludes to experiences that he himself and his fellow Christ-believing Jews have partaken in, including the reception of the Spirit, adoption, and liberation from slavery of the flesh and from being ‘under the Law’.
Lessons from an initiative to address gender bias
Authors: Hoy Kate E , Fitzgibbon Bernadette M , Brem Anna-Katharine
Published: December 2021

How a letter addressing the lack of women invited to speak at a conference in brain stimulation encouraged researchers to take action.
Association of Genetic Polymorphism of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in the Development of Coronary Heart Disease in Elderly Patients
Authors: Mezhidov Bekkhan Saidmagomedovich , Bekova Khava Idrisovna , Edieva Aishat Alikovna , Madalova Khava Ismailovna , Malakhova Victoria Alekseevna , Uspaeva Zama Arbievna , Tachaeva Markha Sharipovna , Tsinaeva Amina Magomedovna , Maslova Alina Yurievna , Khodisov Shamil Vakhaevich
Published: December 2021

The research project outlines a new look at the concept of "inflammaging" and the role of the subclinical inflammatory process in various age-associated pathology, in particular coronary heart disease. Particular attention is paid to the tumor necrosis factor-α -cytokine, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory processes and in the aging process. The increased content of tumor necrosis factor-α leads to the emergence and accumulation of various diseases, disability and mortality of elderly and senile people.

Tumor necrosis factor-α influences various risk factors for cardiovascular pathology. This substance aggravates various breakdowns in metabolism, primarily causing insulin resistance. Tumor necrosis factor-α is a key cytokine that stimulates bone resorption (osteoporosis) and sarcopenia. Currently available data prove the important role of tumor necrosis factor-α in various age-associated pathologies.
Health Benefits, Utilization and Characterization of Rhododendron arboreum (Ericaceae)
Authors: Nitika . , Kumar Shubham , Singh Jasdeep
Published: December 2021

Rhododendron arboreum is a small tree, mostly found in the mountain areas with pale pink or deep pink flowers, widely spread throughout the world. It is a member of the Ericaceae family, and it is well-known for its lovely flowers. R. arboreum species is distributed widely among the 80°N and 20°S latitudes and is designated as ‘State flower’ of Himachal Pradesh (India) and ‘National flower’ of Nepal. Due to its many inherent phytochemical properties, it is used as a treatment for various diseases such as bacterial infection, diarrhoea, and headache, infamy, and fungal infections. The people living in the mountainous area historically use the flowers of this plant to make variety of products viz.  juice, squash, jelly, syrup, pickle, honey. R. arboreum have several important polyphenolic and bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids and steroids. This review highlights Rhododendron's nutritional properties, potential properties and medicinal properties and various products developed, which boost livelihoods of the rural tribal community for sustainable growth and treatment of various diseases.
Nanotechnology in Periodontics Revisited: A Review
Authors: Kamble Pallavi Sitaram , Gandhi Akshada Ashish , Vhanmane Priyanka , Vijapure Shashank
Published: December 2021

Nanotechnology is the study of materials, devices, and systems that display features that are distinct from those found in larger systems. It is no surprise that medical and dental researchers have taken notice of this rapid advancement in technology, which has piqued their curiosity about how it may be used to cure and prevent disease. It is a relatively new science that deals with the manipulation of matter at the molecular level, including the manipulation of individual molecules and their relationships. High-level control of position and chemical characteristics are the primary goals of this method. Nanotechnology has become one of the most promising and significant areas of scientific research as a result, thanks to an increased interest in interpreting matter's property at this dimension. Nanotechnology has been used in dentistry to produce new materials and procedures for diagnosing, preventing, treating, and regenerating periodontal disease, which is the subject of this article. Cargoes and materials such polymeric nanoparticles, non-porous nanogels, nanotube scaffold matrices, and nanofibers have shown promise effectiveness, and their functions in disease treatment are of significant interest. The purpose of this review paper is to offer thorough recent updates on the numerous nanotechnology-based methods to periodontal disease treatment.
Bio-analytical Approach for Stability Studies of Bendroflumethiazide Materials
Authors: Veeraswami B. , Naveen V. M. K.
Published: December 2021

In this paper a comprehensive study of stability related, and evidence based best practices of Bio-analytical stability on Bendroflumethiazide drug samples are studied. The proposed approach is very significant and essential for the drugs development process address the specify the acceptancy, purity, efficacy, prediction of strength and quality of the drugs. The stability study constituents several methods like Bench-Top, Auto-sampler, Freeze-Thaw, Dry-extract, Wet-extract, Short-term, long-Term stability studies at relative intervals results the complete stability information about the drug under the proposed and validated method. There ported out comes of this methos shows this drug have good stability according to ICH guidelines.
Indicação Geográfica para o Dendê da Bahia: uma possibilidade
Authors: Conceição Valdir Silva , Rocha Angela Machado , Silva Marcelo Santana
Published: December 2021

A planta do dendê gera diversos subprodutos, tanto no segmento artesanal quanto na gastronomia, como o azeite, utilizado para fazer vatapá, acarajé, abará, que são produtos comercializados pelas baianas que se vestem a caráter e possuem representatividade em termos turísticos. A sua produção está inserida na região denominada Costa do Dendê, na Bahia, e, no município de Valença, o azeite de dendê possui um processo produtivo artesanal, manufatureiro e pouco mecanizado, o que gera ocupação para diversas pessoas. O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar o potencial da viabilidade da solicitação do registro de uma IG para o azeite de dendê de Valença, que possui alguns requisitos, como: a notoriedade, o saber-fazer, um órgão representativo e a qualidade do produto. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que o azeite de dendê possui potencial para se tornar uma IG.
Critérios Adotados por Universidades Públicas Brasileiras para a Manutenção ou o Abandono de Patentes
Authors: Ziomkowski Patrícia , Neubert Gonçalves Alice , Matei Ana Paula
Published: December 2021

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os critérios adotados por universidades públicas brasileiras para a manutenção ou o abandono de patentes. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória com 27 instituições, identificando-se oito sem critérios para a descontinuidade dos ativos, principalmente devido à cultura de proteção para fins de obter melhor desempenho em rankings de inovação; nove delas que pretendem definir esses requisitos e dez que já implementaram a avaliação, ainda que de forma não objetiva ou formalmente regulamentada. Constatou-se que os principais critérios utilizados para a deposição são: consulta de opinião preliminar do INPI sobre a patenteabilidade; análise dos aspectos legais, tecnológicos, mercadológicos e institucionais; tempo decorrido entre o depósito e a formalização de contrato de licenciamento para a exploração da invenção, custo de proteção e juízo de conveniência e oportunidade dos gestores públicos. Por fim, concluiu-se que a maioria das universidades ainda carece de uma metodologia de avaliação dos casos de abandono de patentes.
Bone marrow‐mesenchymal stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles affect proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia cells in vitro
Authors: Phetfong Jitrada , Tawonsawatruk Tulyapruek , Kamprom Witchayapon , Ontong Pawared , Tanyong Dalina , Borwornpinyo Suparerk , Supokawej Aungkura
Published: December 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed to have potential for tissue engineering and cell therapy due to their multilineage differentiation potential and ability to secrete numerous paracrine factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that MSC‐derived EVs (MSC‐EVs) are able to induce the repair of tissue damage and regulate the immune system. However, their role in cancer development is still unclear. Reports have suggested that whether MSC‐EVs have an inhibitory or promoting effect on cancer is dependent on the type of cancer. In this study, the role of MSC‐EVs in the regulation of leukemic cell growth in vitro was investigated. The EVs were collected from conditioned media of MSCs by ultrafiltration using a 10 kDa molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) filter. The isolated MSC‐EVs were comprised of microvesicles and exosomes, as examined by the size of vesicles and exosomal proteins, CD81 and flotillin‐1. Cell proliferation, cell cycle status, apoptosis, and gene expression were examined in the leukemic cell lines NB4 and K562 after treatment with MSC‐EVs. Suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis was observed. Gene expression analysis revealed differential expression of apoptotic‐related genes in NB4 and K562. MSC‐EVs increased the expression of BID and BAX and decreased expression of BCL2, indicating the induction of intrinsic apoptosis in NB4. In contrast, MSC‐EVs increased the expression of the death receptor gene TRAILR2 and cell cycle regulator genes P21 and CCNE2 in K562. In conclusion, MSC‐EVs partially induce leukemic cell apoptosis, and thus may have potential for the development of supportive therapies for leukemia.
Micro‐/Nanorobots in Antimicrobial Applications: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Zhang Zifeng , Wang Lu , Chan Tony K. F. , Chen Zigui , Ip Margaret , Chan Paul K. S. , Sung Joseph J. Y. , Zhang Li
Published: December 2021

The evolution of drug‐resistant pathogenic bacteria remains one of the most urgent threats to public health worldwide. Even worse, the bacterial cells commonly form biofilms through aggregation and adhesion, preventing antibiotic penetration and resisting environmental stress. Moreover, biofilms tend to grow in some hard‐to‐reach regions, bringing difficulty for antibiotic delivery at the infected site. The drug‐resistant pathogenic bacteria and intractable biofilm give rise to chronic and recurrent infections, exacerbating the challenge in combating bacterial infections. Micro/nanorobots (MNRs) are capable of active cargo delivery, targeted treatment with high precision, and motion‐assisted mechanical force, which enable transport and enhance penetration of antibacterial agents into the targeted site, thus showing great promise in emerging as an attractive alternative to conventional antibacterial therapies. This review summarizes the recent advances in micro‐/nanorobots for antibacterial applications, with emphasis on those novel strategies for drug‐resistance bacterium and stubborn biofilm infections. Insights on the future development of MNRs with good functionality and biosafety offer promising approaches to address infections in the clinic setting.
Charge Carrier Lifetime Fluctuations and Performance Evaluation of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Absorbers via Time‐Resolved‐Photoluminescence Microscopy
Authors: Ochoa Mario , Yang Shih‐Chi , Nishiwaki Shiro , Tiwari Ayodhya N. , Carron Romain
Published: December 2021

The open‐circuit voltage (VOC) is the main limitation to higher efficiencies of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells. One of the most critical parameters directly affecting VOC is the charge carrier lifetime. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the extent to which inhomogeneities in material properties limit the carrier lifetime and how postdeposition treatments (PDTs) and growth conditions affect material properties. Time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) microscopy is employed at conditions similar to one sun to study carrier lifetime fluctuations in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 with light (Na) and heavy (Rb) alkalis, different substrates, and grown at different temperatures. PDT lowers the amplitude of minority carrier lifetime fluctuations, especially for Rb‐treated samples. Upon PDT, the grains’ carrier lifetime increases, and the analysis suggests a reduction in grain boundary recombination. Furthermore, lifetime fluctuations have a small impact on device performance, whereas VOC calculated from TRPL (and continuous‐wave PL) agrees with device values within the limits of investigated PDT samples. Finally, up to about half a per cent external radiative efficiencies are experimentally determined from TRPL metrics, and internal radiative efficiencies are approximated. The findings demonstrate that the highest absorber material quality investigated is still limited by nonradiative recombination (grain or grain boundary) and is comparable to state‐of‐the‐art absorbers.
Graphite–Silicon Diffusion‐Dependent Electrode with Short Effective Diffusion Length for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Kim Ju Young , Jung Seungwon , Kang Seok Hun , Park Joonam , Lee Myeong Ju , Jin Dahee , Shin Dong Ok , Lee Young‐Gi , Lee Yong Min
Published: December 2021

Electrode design, which is closely related to electronic and ionic transport, is an essential factor that influences the performance of all‐solid‐state batteries. An in‐depth understanding of the movement of the charge carriers and its relationship to the electrode structure are urgently needed for the realization of advanced energy storage devices. Herein, a simple electrode configuration, which consists mostly of blended active materials of graphite and silicon, is presented to simultaneously satisfy the high power and high energy density of all‐solid‐state batteries. This electrode efficiently utilizes interdiffusion between the active material particles for charge/discharge. Mechanically compliant graphite accommodates the volume change of silicon and continuously provides abundant electrons to silicon, which enables a stable electrochemical reaction. Silicon with its higher volumetric capacity compared to graphite, shortens the effective diffusion pathway in the electrode. In particular, the use of the nanometer‐scale silicon leads to its uniform distribution throughout the electrode, which increases the contact area capable of interdiffusion between the graphite and silicon and reduces the diffusion in the agglomerated silicon with relatively low diffusivity. This morphology‐induced electrochemical change dramatically increases the achievable capacities at higher current densities (93.8% capacity retention (2.76 mAh cm−2) at 0.5 C‐rate (1.77 mA cm−2) relative to the capacity at 0.1 C‐rate).
Electrochemical Catalytic Hydrocarbonylation of Arylacetylenes
Authors: Zhao Jiaoyan , Yuan Hongyan , Chen Ruonan , Chen Hongyu , Zhang Yanhua
Published: December 2021

An efficient and environmentally‐friendly synthesis of aryl ketones through the electrochemical catalytic hydrocarbonylation of arylacetylene is demonstrated. The reaction conditions are mild without transition metal catalysts, extra oxidants, or strong acids involved. By using Selectfluor as the additive, this electrochemical transformation exhibits good functional‐group tolerance. The aryl ketone product is obtained with up to 90% isolated yield in the mixed electrolytes of acetonitrile and water. This method may open a new window for the green synthesis of aryl ketones from arylacetylenes.
Tailored highly porous, templated polyurethane for sand consolidation
Authors: Li Wenwen , Chang Fakuen Frank , Eichmann Shannon L. , Liang Feng
Published: December 2021

A novel polymeric resin formulation is developed to mitigate sand production from subterranean formations composed of unconsolidated or weakly consolidated sands via a chemical sand consolidation approach. The developed formulation aims to minimize the formation permeability loss commonly observed in a chemical sand consolidation treatment. The new formulation is a water‐in‐oil high internal phase emulsion with poly(ε‐caprolactone) polyol and isophorone diisocyanate monomer incorporated in the external oil phase. Highly porous, emulsion templated polyurethane forms through the reaction between polyol and isocyanate under elevated temperature. Additionally, CO2 generated through the reaction between excess isocyanate monomer and water leads to the formation of more pores in the cross‐linked polymeric network. When the developed formulation is applied for sand consolidation treatment, the interconnected pores formed after resin curing act as “channels” in the consolidated products and allow the produced fluid such as oil, water, or gas to easily flow through, thereby limiting permeability reduction. The effectiveness of using porous polyurethane material for sand consolidation is evaluated through a compressive strength and permeability study of the consolidated sandpacks prepared with this chemistry.
Combined detection of urinary biomarkers noninvasively predicts extent of renal injury in patients with early diabetic kidney disease with kidney qi deficiency syndrome: A retrospective investigation
Authors: Wu Wei , Meng Xian‐Jie , Wan Bing‐Ying , Fang Qi‐Jun , Liu Ying‐Lu , Wang Jie , Fu Yan , Yuan Can‐Can , Wang Mei‐Zi , Chong Fee‐Lan , Wan Yi‐Gang , Shen Shan‐Mei
Published: December 2021

Incipient diagnosis and noninvasive forecasts using urinary biomarkers are important for preventing diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression, but they are also controversial. Previous studies have shown a potential relationship between urinary tubular biomarkers (UTBs) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome in patients with DKD. Thus, we further evaluated the clinical significance of combined detection of urinary biomarkers in noninvasively predicting the extent of renal damage in patients with early DKD with kidney qi deficiency syndrome, and preliminarily explored the potential biological link between UTBs and TCM syndrome in DKD. We categorized 92 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus into three groups as follows: 20 patients with normoalbuminuria, 50 patients with microalbuminuria, and 22 patients with macroalbuminuria. We found that, in all groups, 24 hr urinary albumin (24hUAlb) and urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) showed stepwise and significant increases. Urinary cystatin C (UCysC), urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐d‐glucosaminidase (UNAG), and urinary retinol‐binding protein (URBP) synchronously increased gradually, consistent with the degree of albuminuria in all groups. Moreover, 24hUAlb and UACR were positively correlated with UCysC, UNAG, and URBP, respectively. In 72 patients with Type 2 DKD with albuminuria, a positive correlation was observed between UNAG and URBP, UCysC was also positively correlated with UNAG and URBP, respectively. Additionally, TCM syndrome distributional characteristics in all patients were consistent with clinical manifestations of kidney qi deficiency syndrome. Therefore, the combined detection of UCysC, UNAG, URBP, and UAlb may be used as a practical clinical technique to noninvasively forecast the extent of renal injury in patients with early Type 2 DKD with kidney qi deficiency syndrome. UTBs may be one of the biological bases of the specific TCM syndromes in DKD.
B Cell Reconstitution Is Strongly Associated With COVID‐19 Vaccine Responsiveness in Rheumatic Disease Patients Who Received Treatment With Rituximab
Authors: Jinich Sarah , Schultz Kaitlin , Jannat‐Khah Deanna , Spiera Robert
Published: December 2021

Objective

To assess the association of a detectable antibody response to COVID‐19 vaccination with factors including B cell depletion in patients who received treatment with rituximab (RTX).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of the charts of adult patients who received treatment with RTX and completed messenger RNA vaccination for SARS–CoV‐2. The primary outcome measure was the presence or absence and strength of the serologic antibody response to vaccination. Comparisons between those with and those without a detectable serologic response were calculated using t‐tests, Fisher's exact test, and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. The relationship between the serologic response to COVID‐19 vaccination and B cell reconstitution status was assessed using negative predictive values and positive predictive values with data reported as percentages with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Results

In 56 patients being treated with RTX, a significant difference in terms of the level of B cell reconstitution was observed in those with a positive serologic response compared to those with a negative serologic response to vaccination (proportion of B cells reconstituted among total lymphocytes, median 2% [interquartile range (IQR) 0.13–10%] versus median 0% [IQR 0–0%]; P < 0.001).There was also a significant difference in the time since the last RTX infusion between patients with a positive serologic response compared to those with a negative serologic response to vaccination (median time since last infusion 594 days [IQR 262–1,163] versus median 138 days [IQR 68–197]; P < 0.001). There was no serologic response to COVID‐19 vaccination after the last exposure to RTX in 13% of patients (3 of 24) at >12 months after last exposure, 55% of patients (6 of 11) at 6–12 months after last exposure, and 86% of patients (18 of 21) at <6 months after last exposure.

Conclusion

B cell reconstitution and a longer time since a patient's last exposure to RTX are associated with a positive serologic response to the COVID‐19 vaccine. Strategies for maximizing vaccine responsiveness in patients who receive treatment with RTX should incorporate assessment of B cell reconstitution.
Detection of SiO2 nanoparticles using triple‐quadrupole inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry for semiconductor applications
Authors: Lim Heung Bin
Published: December 2021

Detection method for SiO2 nanoparticles with the size of 20–300 nm was developed using triple‐quadrupole inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer (TQ‐ICP‐MS). As 28Si+ ion of SiO2 nanoparticles is a difficult‐to‐determine ion via ICP‐MS due to severe molecular ion interferences, the mass‐to‐charge ratio of 28Si+ was shifted by reacting with O2 gas to form 28Si16O+. In order to confirm peak identification, a time‐resolved spectrum (TRS) of known standard particle was obtained, and the correlation curve of the average peak area per particle (Y) versus particle radius (X) was plotted after optimized blank subtraction. The function Y = aX3 was fitted to the data, demonstrating the validity of the developed method. As a result, the presence of 20 nm SiO2 nanoparticles, much smaller than the size (<80 nm) published in other articles, was confirmed in this work and the correlation curve can be used for on‐line monitoring of nanoparticles present in the process chemicals of the semiconductor industry.
Effectiveness of narrative therapy on adult attachment styles and expressivity in women experiencing low marital satisfaction
Authors: Ghavibazou Effat , Hosseinian Simin , Abdollahi Abbas , Ghamari Kivi Hossein
Published: December 2021

The present study investigates the effectiveness of narrative therapy on adult attachment styles and expressivity in women experiencing low marital satisfaction. This study was quasi‐experimental. Participants consist of 30 women experiencing low marital satisfaction. They were selected based on availability and randomly designated to an intervention or waiting list group. Narrative therapy was accomplished individually in six 45‐min sessions for the intervention group. Results based on repeated‐measures analysis of variance showed no significant improvement in the intervention group for expressivity and adult attachment. Still, it revealed a considerable improvement during follow‐up in expressivity. Consequently, results indicate that narrative therapy cannot influence adult attachment and expressivity, but a 2‐month follow‐up questionnaire administered indicates improvement in expressivity with a large effect size.
Reactive Extraction of Gluconic Acid Using Trioctylamine in Different Diluents
Authors: Kakku Sivasankar , Gaikwad Shripal M. , Gaikwad Shashank , Taralkar Suyogkumar V. , Billa Sarath Babu , Chakinala Anand Gupta , Chakinala Nandana
Published: December 2021

Reactive extraction of gluconic acid (GA) from aqueous solutions was investigated using trioctylamine (TOA) as extractant in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BA) and 1‐decanol (DE) as diluents. Physical extraction of GA with pure diluents in the absence of TOA was found to be poor. Reactive extraction with an amine‐diluent mixture enhanced the separation process. Higher extraction efficiencies and distribution coefficients were achieved in the presence of BA as compared to DE. Further optimization studies were carried out to determine the synergistic effect of amine/diluent ratio. Loading ratios higher than 0.5 suggested 3:1 complex formation of GA with the amine. A reactive extraction mechanism of GA in TOA was proposed, and the equilibrium complexation constant was determined.
Multi‐step wind speed and wind power forecasting using variational momentum factor and deep learning based intelligent neural network models
Authors: Subramaniam Nachimuthu Deepa , Banerjee Abhik , Karuppaiah Jayakumar
Published: December 2021

Deep learning based novel intelligent neural network models are developed in this research study and employed for performing multi‐step wind speed and wind power forecasting for the data pertaining to certain wind farms. It has always been tedious to predict wind speed and wind power accurately due the existence of non‐linearity in the wind farm data and as well previous traditional and heuristic techniques has their own merits and demerits in performing the prediction process. This research study intends to handle the prevailing non‐linearity of the wind farm data and as well perform prediction of the parameters in a better manner with increased accuracy rate. The prediction study facilitates the renewable energy community to install the wind mills in the locations with higher accuracy rate and thereby power production gets increased extravagantly. The intelligent neural network developed in this article includes the ELMAN and spiking neuronal models with incorporated deep learning procedure and varying momentum factor criterion to achieve minimal error and better accuracy rate. Multi‐step forecasting is carried for 10‐min ahead and the numerical simulation executed with the proposed intelligent non‐linear forecasting techniques. The attained results confirm the superiority of the developed models over other techniques from previous works.
Curriculum theorizing of self‐other for change: To see, to observe, and to contemplate through I‐Ching (The Book of Change)
Authors: Moon Seungho , Guo Wenjin
Published: December 2021

This study is about the curriculum theorizing of self‐other and transformation. The two authors, both of Asian heritage, share their lived experience and interpretations of Chapter 20 of I‐Ching. This paper revisits a conventional, humanistic division of self‐other as a launching pad to challenge the current discourse on cultural diversity and curriculum change. Mainly, the authors revisit the dichotomous understanding of self‐other and challenge modes of curriculum change that are operated by the logic of meritocracy and individual effort. This investigation of I‐Ching opens up its landscape through a conversation about personal and social change, with an epistemological shift from the self‐other binary, thus imagining curriculum implications for a different society. The process of writing narratives is an epistemological healing process in that writing as inquiry helps revalue indigenous intellectual treasures that have been denigrated by Eurocentric ideologies both historically and politically. This examination of I‐Ching, specifically hexagram 20, will provide educators with an innovative epistemological frame that will allow them to review, rethink, challenge, and possibly advance discourses on seeing, change, and self‐other in curriculum and cultural studies.
Demography, education, and research trends in the interdisciplinary field of disease ecology
Authors: Brandell Ellen E. , Becker Daniel J. , Sampson Laura , Forbes Kristian M.
Published: December 2021

Micro‐ and macroparasites are a leading cause of mortality for humans, animals, and plants, and there is great need to understand their origins, transmission dynamics, and impacts. Disease ecology formed as an interdisciplinary field in the 1970s to fill this need and has recently rapidly grown in size and influence. Because interdisciplinary fields integrate diverse scientific expertise and training experiences, understanding their composition and research priorities is often difficult. Here, for the first time, we quantify the composition and educational experiences of a subset of disease ecology practitioners and identify topical trends in published research. We combined a large survey of self‐declared disease ecologists with a literature synthesis involving machine‐learning topic detection of over 18,500 disease ecology research articles. The number of graduate degrees earned by disease ecology practitioners has grown dramatically since the early 2000s. Similar to other science fields, we show that practitioners in disease ecology have diversified in the last decade in terms of gender identity and institution, with weaker diversification in race and ethnicity. Topic detection analysis revealed how the frequency of publications on certain topics has declined (e.g., HIV, serology), increased (e.g., the dilution effect, infectious disease in bats), remained relatively common (e.g., malaria ecology, influenza, vaccine research and development), or have consistently remained relatively infrequent (e.g., theoretical models, field experiments). Other topics, such as climate change, superspreading, emerging infectious diseases, and network analyses, have recently come to prominence. This study helps identify the major themes of disease ecology and demonstrates how publication frequency corresponds to emergent health and environmental threats. More broadly, our approach provides a framework to examine the composition and publication trends of other major research fields that cross traditional disciplinary boundaries.
Optimal design and operation of conventional, solar electric, and solar thermal district cooling systems
Authors: Alghool Dana M. , ElMekkawy Tarek Y. , Haouari Mohamed , Elomri Adel
Published: December 2021

This research investigates the integration of solar energy with traditional cooling technologies using solar electric cooling systems. A holistic optimization process is introduced to enable the cost‐effective design of such technology. Two mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) models are developed, one for a baseline conventional cooling system and the other for a solar electric cooling system. The MILP models determine the optimal system design and the hourly optimal quantities of electricity and cold water that should be produced and stored while satisfying the cooling demand. The models are tested and analyzed using real‐world data, and multiple sensitivity analyses are conducted. Finally, an economic comparison of solar thermal and solar electric cooling systems against a baseline conventional cooling system is performed to determine the most cost‐effective system. The findings indicate that the photovoltaic panels used in solar electric cooling cover 42% of the chiller demand for electricity. Moreover, the solar electric cooling system is found to be the most cost‐effective, achieving ~5.5% and 55% cost savings compared with conventional and solar thermal cooling systems, respectively. A sensitivity analysis shows that the efficiency of photovoltaic panels has the greatest impact on the annual cost of solar electric cooling systems—their annual cost only increases by 10% when the price of electricity increases by 20%, making solar electric the most economical system.