bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lithuanian State Border Guard Service officers’ traumatic experiences and their psychological counselling needs and attitudes
Authors: Argustaitė-Zailskienė Gita , Digrytė Laura , Žemaitienė Nida
Published: October 2019

Background

State Border Guards (SBGs) are an under-researched group in law enforcement. Their role involves exposure to threats and actual traumatic events. This study is designed to assess the nature of SBGs’ traumatic experi-ences, their perceptions of their need for psychological counselling and their attitudes towards counselling.

Participants and procedure

168 Lithuanian State Border Guard Service (SBGS) officers were surveyed, using the following tools: a modi-fied form of the Life Events Checklist (LEC), six questions to assess the need and attitudes towards psychologi-cal counselling, and socio-demographic variables.

Results

72.6% of the sample reported direct exposure to at least one type of traumatic event, 73.2% reported indirect exposure, and 64.3% reported exposure to trauma at work during the previous 5 years. Those who experienced more different types of direct traumatic events are more inclined to feel uneasy if their colleagues knew about them needing psychological help, more willing to look for help outside of their current employer, more likely to think that their boss might fire them if their need for psychological help became known, and less likely to think that psychological help at work is easily accessible.

Conclusions

SBGS officers with more extensive direct traumatic event exposure exhibit more negative attitudes towards psychological counselling than their less traumatized counterparts.
MRI-derived markers for predicting a decline in renal function in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Banach-Ambroziak Ewa , Jankowska Magdalena , Grzywińska Małgorzata , Pieńkowska Joanna , Szurowska Edyta
Published: October 2019

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) constitutes the fourth cause of end-stage renal disease in Europe. The course of the disease varies widely among patients with ADPKD. Due to the emergence of new possibilities of pharmacotherapy, it has become crucial to identify the group of patients with the fastest rate and risk of disease progression. This particular group of patients will benefit most from the therapy and they are the best candidates for clinical trials. At the early stages of ADPKD typical markers of severity and progression of the disease remain unchanged in contrast to the kidney volume, which increases continuously in an exponential way. Therefore, the use of height-adjusted total kidney volume as a biomarker should become a mandatory diagnostic option. Also, quantitative MRI techniques are promising biomarkers for the evaluation of disease severity and could provide additional insights into its course.
Chemical composition and hydrolysis of organic nitrate aerosol formed from hydroxyl and nitrate radical oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene
Authors: Takeuchi Masayuki , Ng Nga L.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric organic nitrate (ON) is thought to play a crucial role in the
formation potential of ozone and aerosol, which are the leading air
pollutants of concern across the world. Limited fundamental knowledge and
understanding of the life cycles of ON currently hinder the ability to
quantitatively assess its impacts on the formation of these pollutants.
Although hydrolysis is currently considered an important loss mechanism
of ON based on prior field measurement studies, this process for
atmospherically relevant ON has not been well constrained by fundamental
laboratory studies. In this comprehensive study, we investigated the
chemical composition and hydrolysis process of particulate ON (pON)
formed from the oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene by
hydroxyl (OH⚫) and nitrate radicals (NO3⚫). For
pON that undergoes hydrolysis, the hydrolysis lifetime is determined to
be no more than 30 min for all systems explored. This is significantly
shorter than those reported in previous chamber studies (i.e., 3–6 h) but is
consistent with the reported lifetime from bulk solution measurement studies
(i.e., 0.02–8.8 h). The discrepancy appears to stem from the choice of proxy
used to estimate the hydrolysis lifetime. The measured hydrolyzable
fractions of pON (FH) in the α-pinene + OH⚫,
β-pinene + OH⚫, α-pinene + NO3⚫,
and β-pinene + NO3⚫ systems are 23 %–32 %, 27 %–34 %, 9 %–17 %,
and 9 %–15 %, respectively. While a very low FH for the
NO3⚫ oxidation system is expected based on prior studies,
FH for the OH⚫ oxidation system is surprisingly lower than
predicted in past studies. Overall, the hydrolysis lifetime as well as
FH obtained in this study serve as experimentally constrained
parameters that are required in regional and global chemical transport
models to accurately evaluate the impacts of ON on nitrogen budget and
formation of ozone and aerosol.
A combined Terra and Aqua MODIS land surface temperature and meteorological station data product for China from 2003–2017
Authors: Zhao Bing , Mao Kebiao , Cai Yulin , Shi Jiancheng , Li Zhaoliang , Qin Zhihao , Meng xiangjin
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Land surface temperature (LST) is a key variable for high temperature and drought monitoring and climate and ecological environment research. Due to the sparse distribution of ground observation stations, thermal infrared remote sensing technology has become an important means of quickly obtaining ground temperatures over large areas. However, there are many missing and low-quality values in satellite-based LST data caused by cloud coverage exceeding 60 % of the global surface every day. This article presents a unique LST dataset in China for 2003–2017, which filters and removes missing values and poor-quality LST pixel values contaminated by clouds from raw LST images and retrieves real surface temperatures under cloud coverage by a reconstruction model. We specifically describe the reconstruction model, which uses a combination of MODIS daily data, monthly data and meteorological station data to reconstruct the true LST under cloud coverage, and then the data performance is further improved by establishing a regression analysis model. The validation indicates that the new LST dataset is highly consistent with the in situ observations. For the six natural subregions with different climatic conditions in China, the RMSE ranges from 1.24 °C to 1.58 °C, the MAE varies from 1.23 °C to 1.37 °C, and the R2 ranges from 0.93 to 0.99. The new dataset adequately captures the spatiotemporal variations in LST at annual, seasonal and monthly scales. From 2003–2017, the overall annual mean LST in China shows a weak increase. Moreover, the warming trend was remarkably unevenly distributed over China. The most significant warming occurred in the central and western areas of the Inner Mongolia Plateau in the Northwest Region (slope > 0.10, R > 0.71, P  <0.05), and a strong cooling trend was also observed in some parts of the Northeast Region. Seasonally, there was significant warming in the western part in winter, which was most pronounced in December. The reconstructed dataset exhibited significant improvements and can be used for the spatiotemporal evaluation of LST and high temperature and drought monitoring studies. The data are published in the Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3378912 (Zhao et al., 2019).
An Uncertainty Partition Approach for Inferring Interactive Hydrologic Risks
Authors: Fan Yurui , Huang Kai , Huang Guohe , Li Yongping , Wang Feng
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Extensive uncertainties exist in hydrologic risk analysis. Particularly for interdependent hydrometeorological extremes, the random features in individual variables and their dependence structures may lead to bias and uncertainty in future risk inferences. In this study, a full-subsampling factorial copula (FSFC) approach is proposed to quantify parameter uncertainties and further reveal their contributions to predictive uncertainties in risk inferences. Specifically, a full-subsampling factorial analysis (FSFA) approach is developed to diminish the effect of the sample size and provide reliable characterization for parameters’ contributions to the resulting risk inferences. The proposed approach is applied to multivariate flood risk inference for Wei River basin to demonstrate the applicability of FSFC for tracking the major contributors to resulting uncertainty in a multivariate risk analysis framework. In detail, the multivariate risk model associated with flood peak and volume will be established and further introduced into the proposed full-subsampling factorial analysis framework to reveal the individual and interactive effects of parameter uncertainties on the predictive uncertainties in the resulting risk inferences. The results suggest that uncertainties in risk inferences would mainly be attributed to some parameters of the marginal distributions while the parameter of dependence structure (i.e. copula function) would not produce noticeable effects. Moreover, compared with traditional factorial analysis (FA), the proposed FSFA approach would produce more reliable visualization for parameters' impacts on risk inferences, while the traditional FA would remarkable overestimate contribution of parameters' interaction to the failure probability in AND, and at the same time, underestimate the contribution of parameters' interaction to the failure probabilities in OR and Kendall.
Subsurface characterization of a quick-clay vulnerable area using near-surface geophysics and hydrological modelling
Authors: Salas-Romero Silvia , Malehmir Alireza , Snowball Ian , Dessirier Benoît
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Quick-clay landslides are common geohazards in Nordic countries
and Canada. The presence of potential quick clays is confirmed using
geotechnical investigations, but near-surface geophysical methods, such as
seismic and resistivity surveys, can also help identify coarse-grained
materials associated with the development of quick clays. We present the
results of reflection seismic investigations on land and in part of the
Göta River in Sweden, along which many quick-clay landslide scars exist.
This is the first time that such a large-scale reflection seismic
investigation has been carried out to study the subsurface structures
associated with quick-clay landslides. The results also show a reasonable
correlation with radio magnetotelluric and travel-time tomography models of
the subsurface. Other ground geophysical data, such as high magnetic values,
suggest a positive correlation with an increased thickness of the
coarse-grained layer and shallower depths to the top of the bedrock and the top of
the coarse-grained layer. The morphology of the river bottom and riverbanks,
e.g. subaquatic landslide deposits, is shown by side-scan sonar and
bathymetric data. Undulating bedrock, covered by subhorizontal sedimentary
glacial and postglacial deposits, is clearly revealed. An extensive
coarse-grained layer (P-wave velocity mostly between 1500 and 2500 m s−1 and
resistivity from approximately 80 to 100 Ωm) exists within the
sediments and is interpreted and modelled in a regional context. Several
fracture zones are identified within the bedrock. Hydrological modelling of
the coarse-grained layer confirms its potential for transporting fresh water
infiltrated in fractures and nearby outcrops located in the central part of
the study area. The modelled groundwater flow in this layer promotes
the leaching of marine salts from the overlying clays by seasonal inflow–outflow
cycles and/or diffusion, which contributes to the formation of potential
quick clays.
Impact of frontal ablation on the ice thickness estimation of marine-terminating glaciers in Alaska
Authors: Recinos Beatriz , Maussion Fabien , Rothenpieler Timo , Marzeion Ben
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Frontal ablation is a major component of the mass budget of calving glaciers, strongly affecting their dynamics.
Most global-scale ice volume estimates to date still suffer from considerable uncertainties related to (i) the implemented frontal ablation parameterization or (ii) not accounting for frontal ablation at all in the glacier model. To improve estimates of the ice thickness distribution of glaciers, it is thus important to identify and test low-cost and robust parameterizations of this process. By implementing such parameterization into the ice thickness estimation module of the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM v1.1.2), we conduct a first assessment of the impact of accounting for frontal ablation on the estimate of ice stored in glaciers in Alaska.
We find that inversion methods based on mass conservation systematically underestimate the mass turnover and, therefore, the thickness of tidewater glaciers when neglecting frontal ablation. This underestimation can amount to up to 19 % on a regional scale and up to 30 % for individual glaciers. The effect is independent of the size of the glacier.
Additionally, we perform different sensitivity experiments to study the influence of (i) a constant of proportionality (k) used in the frontal ablation parameterization, (ii) Glen's temperature-dependent creep parameter (A) and (iii) a sliding velocity parameter (fs) on the regional dynamics of Alaska tidewater glaciers. OGGM is able to reproduce previous regional frontal ablation estimates, applying a number of combinations of values for k, Glen's A and fs.
Our sensitivity studies also show that differences in thickness between accounting for and not accounting for frontal ablation occur mainly at the lower parts of the glacier, both above and below sea level. This indicates that not accounting for frontal ablation will have an impact on the estimate of the glaciers' potential contribution to sea-level rise. Introducing frontal ablation increases the volume estimate of Alaska marine-terminating glaciers from 9.18±0.62 to 10.61±0.75 mm s.l.e, of which 1.52±0.31 mm s.l.e (0.59±0.08 mm s.l.e when ignoring frontal ablation) are found to be below sea level.
"Nuestra enfermedad": revisión sistemática sobre coping diádico en cáncer de mama
Authors: Talero Acero Luisa Fernanda , Finck Barboza Carolyn
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Indagar si las intervenciones basadas en coping diádico o afrontamiento en pareja han sido favorables, en casos donde la mujer esta diagnosticada con cáncer de mama. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura siguiendo el método PRISMA, en las bases de datos APA PsycNET, PubMed, Embase, Scopus y Wiley Online Library, tanto en español como en inglés. Los artículos obtenidos fueron analizados con una matriz y se calificaron a partir de criterios de evaluación para estudios cuantitativos y cualitativos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 8 artículos publicados entre 2004 y 2018. Las intervenciones se enfocaron en el entrenamiento de variables como: coping diádico, autoimagen, intimidad sexual, reducción de estrés y angustia emocional, mejoría en el funcionamiento de pareja y crecimiento postraumático. Según los resultados, las intervenciones basadas en coping diádico ayudaron a desarrollar diferentes habilidades en las parejas, pese a que el efecto fue a corto plazo. Conclusiones: Se encontró que la investigación sobre los efectos de intervenciones en pareja para afrontar el cáncer de mama es limitada en América Latina. Además, se observó que el coping diádico es una variable no lineal que cambia en el proceso de salud-enfermedad. Finalmente, los artículos sugieren que el cáncer de mama es una enfermedad que trae consecuencias biopsicosociales a ambos miembros de la pareja.
Efecto de una intervención de enfermería en mujeres con cáncer de mama en el postoperatorio
Authors: Mesa Mónica Liliana , Carrillo Gloria Mabel , Gómez Olga Janeth , Chaparro Díaz Lorena , Carreño Sonia Patricia
Published: October 2019

Objetivos: Determinar el efecto de la intervención educativa de enfermería en mujeres con cáncer de mama durante el postoperatorio para fortalecer la competencia de cuidado en el hogar. Método: Se trata de un abordaje cuasi experimental, que conto con un total de 88 mujeres. El grupo de intervención estuvo constituido por 58 participantes y el control por 30. Las mujeres en los dos grupos recibieron un cuestionario que evalúo su competencia para el cuidado en el hogar al ingreso hospitalario. Una intervención de enfermería se aplicó desde el ingreso hasta cuatro semanas después de la cirugía con el grupo de intervención mientras que el control continuo recibiendo la intervención convencional. Los dos grupos aplicaron nuevamente el cuestionario de competencia para el cuidado en el hogar 4 semanas después del egreso. Resultados: En el grupo intervenido, la diferencia entre los puntajes de las medias totales de la competencia para el cuidado en el hogar aumentó significativamente comparado con el control, y en las dimensiones conocimiento, unicidad y bienestar. Conclusiones: La intervención de enfermería estructurada es una estrategia viable que aumenta la competencia para cuidar en el hogar, en mujeres con cáncer de mama sometidos a cirugía.
Propuesta de un instrumento para la detección del optimismo estratégico en cáncer de mama
Authors: Pastells Pujol Sílvia , Font Guiteras Antoni
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Elaborar un instrumento que nos permita evaluar algunas estrategias cognitivas que formarían parte de las personas optimistas ante una dificultad de salud como el cáncer de mama. Método: 96 pacientes, de ellas 30 se encontraban en una fase de intervalo libre del cáncer de mama, 35 recibiendo tratamiento activo para el cáncer de mama y 31 tenían un diagnóstico de trastorno adaptativo sin historial médico oncológico. Se han comparado los mecanismos cognitivos del instrumento para valorar el optimismo estratégico entre los grupos de salud; se ha efectuado el análisis factorial del instrumento y se ha observado la relación de éste con variables como la calidad de vida y el optimismo disposicional en cada grupo. Resultados: el análisis factorial muestra cuatro componentes del total de ítems del optimismo estratégico: 1) Expectativas de resultado positivo y percepción de control ante la dificultad de salud; 2) Valoración positiva del pasado en el momento actual de salud; 3) Benefit finding a raíz de la enfermedad; y 4 ) Responsabilidad/culpabilidad por la situación de salud. La varianza total explicada por los factores es del 70,67%. Los factores del optimismo estratégico estarían relacionados con una mejor calidad de vida de las pacientes (p<0,01; r= 0,591), mostrando relaciones variables en función de la gravedad de la situación médica. Conclusión: el instrumento aportado para evaluar el optimismo estratégico permite identificar estilos cognitivos, relacionados con el mantenimiento de la calidad de vida en cáncer de mama, que pueden ser de utilidad para potenciar las terapias psicológicas de apoyo.
Medios didácticos empleados en la disciplina de Lengua y Literatura de octavo grado en Nueva Guinea
Authors: Alvarado Pérez Eddy Antonio , Amador Coronado José Manuel , Centeno Bravo Blanca Nevai
Published: October 2019

La investigación se realizó con la finalidad de valorar los medios didácticos empleados en el proceso de aprendizaje en la disciplina de Lengua y Literatura a estudiantes de octavo grado, Colegio “Pablo Antonio Cuadra” Nº3, Puerto Príncipe, II semestre, 2013. Los recursos educativos, medios didácticos para el proceso de aprendizaje, son indispensable para el desarrollo de los contenidos, en donde el estudiantado es más que un receptor de información se convierte en un investigador, crítico y vocero de su entorno.

La creación y uso de los medios didácticos como recursos de aprendizaje es de gran valor para lograr de manera integral la participación activa del estudiantado, el cual debe ser una de las prioridades para alcanzar un producto de calidad que promueva la eficacia y desarrollo en todos los ámbitos de la vida, permitiendo al educador fijar la intencionalidad pedagógica y alcanzar aprendizajes significativos. Este estudio fue descriptivo y enfoque cualitativo, la que nos permitió especificar datos sin medición numérica y describir los comportamientos de los sujetos de investigación mediante los instrumentos aplicados como entrevistas a docentes, estudiantes y director del centro educativo; la guía de observación nos dio los elementos necesarios para identificar los medios didácticos empleados en la asignatura de Lengua y Literatura. La unidad de análisis fueron 23 estudiantes de los cuales estuvieron constituidos por 13 mujeres y 10 varones. Los resultados más relevantes de la investigación se centran en el poco uso de medios didáctico empleados por el docente en el proceso de aprendizaje.
Modernisering van het Europese consumentenrecht: meer vlees op het bot (I)
Authors: Loos M.B.M.
Published: October 2019

Modernisering van het Europese consumentenrecht: meer vlees op het bot (I)

In eerdere publicaties ben ik ingegaan op de Mededeling ‘Een New Deal voor consumenten’ en het daarmee samenhangende voorstel voor een moderniseringsrichtlijn. In dit artikel bespreek ik de verdere voortgang van het richtlijnvoorstel, waar inmiddels politieke overeenstemming over is bereikt. Daarin staat de vraag centraal of de moderniseringsrichtlijn in haar uiteindelijke vorm de in de New Deal-mededeling gedane belofte waarmaakt van modernisering en verbetering van de handhaving van het consumenten-acquis. In het eerste deel van deze bijdrage richt ik mij daartoe op de individuele en publiekrechtelijke handhaving van het consumentenrecht en op dynamic pricing en informatieverplichtingen voor online marktplaatsen. In het tweede deel ga ik in op de vraag met wie de consument eigenlijk contracteert als de overeenkomst via een online marktplaats wordt gesloten, op enkele vereenvoudigingen voor handelaren en op de herziene regels voor de bedenktijd van consumenten. Ik rond dan af met een conclusie.

Voorstel van 11 april 2018 voor een Richtlijn van het Europees Parlement en de Raad tot wijziging van Richtlijn 93/13/EEG van de Raad van 5 april 1993, Richtlijn 98/6/EG van het Europees Parlement en de Raad, Richtlijn 2005/29/EG van het Europees Parlement en de Raad en Richtlijn 2011/83/EU van het Europees Parlement en de Raad wat betreft betere handhaving en modernisering van de regels voor consumentenbescherming in de EU, COM(2018) 185 final;

Tekst politiek akkoord richtlijnvoorstel van 29 maart 2019, Openbaar register van Raadsdocumenten, Interinstitutioneel dossier 2018/0090(COD), nummer document: ST 8021 2019 INIT.
Nationale veiligheid en buitenlandse investeringen
Authors: de Kok J.
Published: October 2019

Nationale veiligheid en buitenlandse investeringen

In reactie op de toenemende aandacht voor geopolitieke belangen in het kader van buitenlandse investeringen is recent een Europese verordening aangenomen en is een Nederlands wetsvoorstel voor de Wet ongewenste zeggenschap telecommunicatie (WOZT) aanhangig gemaakt. De Europese Verordening (EU) 2019/452 tot vaststelling van een kader voor de screening van buitenlandse directe investeringen in de Europese Unie creëert een Europees kader op het gebied van de screening van buitenlandse investeringen op grond van veiligheid of de openbare orde. De verordening is een hybride instrument dat (1) coördinatie tussen nationale screeningsautoriteiten faciliteert, (2) in een mate van harmonisatie voorziet en (3) formele Europese bevoegdheid op het gebied van screening van buitenlandse investeringen introduceert. De lidstaten blijven in het licht van hun soevereiniteit op het gebied van nationale veiligheid echter de uiteindelijke verantwoordelijke voor de vraag of een investering al dan niet wordt geblokkeerd op grond van de nationale veiligheid of openbare orde. Op grond van de WOZT krijgt de minister de bevoegdheid het verkrijgen of houden van overwegende zeggenschap in een telecommunicatiepartij te verbieden op grond van een bedreiging van het publiek belang. Omdat de ‘bedreiging van het publiek belang’-norm limitatief en zeer specifiek is gedefinieerd, zal de minister enkel in uitzonderlijke gevallen het verkrijgen of houden van overwegende zeggenschap kunnen verbieden.

Verordening (EU) 2019/452 tot vaststelling van een kader voor de screening van buitenlandse directe investeringen in de Europese Unie (PbEU 2019, L 791/1); Wet ongewenste zeggenschap telecommunicatie (Kamerstukken II 2018/19, 35153, 2 (Wetsvoorstel) en 3 (MvT).
Association between Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Polymorphism (Glu298Asp) and Coronary No-Reflow Phenomenon in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yalcin Ahmet Arif , Biyik Ismail , Akturk Faruk , Hancer Veysel Sabri , Yalcin Burce , Tosu Aydin Rodi , Birant Ali , Erturk Mehmet
Published: October 2019

No-reflow phenomenon is an important complication of primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Several variants in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene, which reduce endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, are a risk factor for coronary heart disease. However, its role in no-reflow phenomenon has not yet been revealed. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu298Asp gene variant and the development of coronary no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction.
The study was conducted among 116 patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction. Group 1 included 52 ST elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing no-reflow phenomenon as a study group. Group 2 comprised 64 ST elevation myocardial infarction patients without no-reflow phenomenon as a control group. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase was tested using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length variant.
The prevalence of TT genotype of endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu298Asp gene variant was found to be significantly higher in patients developing coronary no-reflow when compared to those without no-reflow (p = 0.016; 11.54% vs. 1.56%) (OR = 10.85, 95% CI = 1.22–96.39). However, a similar association for the heterozygous GT genotype of endothelial nitric oxide synthase Glu298Asp gene variant was not observed between the two groups.
The results of this preliminary study indicate that there is an association between Glu298Asp variant in endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene and the development of no-reflow phenomenon in ST elevation myocardial infarction. The presence of homozygous TT allele may contribute to tendency to the development of no-reflow phenomenon.
„Und bedenke das Ende“ – zur Bedeutung von Gesetzesfolgen- abschätzung und -evaluation bei der Sicherheitsgesetzgebung
Authors: Thiel Markus
Published: October 2019

Das Sicherheitsrecht gehört zu denjenigen Rechtsgebieten, in denen die Gesetzgeber in Bund und Ländern seit einiger Zeit eine besonders umfangreiche Aktivität entfalten. So führen technischer Fortschritt insbesondere bei der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie, Veränderungen bei den Kriminalitätsphänomenen und politische Konstellationen häufig zu einem hohen Anpassungs- und Veränderungsdruck. Um so wichtiger ist es, dem oftmals bestehenden Zeitdruck nicht nachzugeben, sondern vor dem Erlass neuer Rechtsnormen eine sorgfältige und sachgerechte Gesetzesfolgenabschätzung durchzuführen sowie gesetzliche Vorgaben für nachgelagerte Normevaluationen fristgerecht zu beachten. Der Beitrag hebt die Bedeutung von Gesetzesfolgenabschätzung und -evaluation hervor, zeichnet die Entwicklung dieser Instrumente in den Verwaltungswissenschaften nach, stellt die wissenschaftlichen Konzepte und Methoden vor und soll - unter Berücksichtigung bereichs spezifischer Besonderheiten - Ansätze für eine Renaissance der Gesetzesfolgenabschätzung bei der Sicherheitsgesetzgebung bieten.
A Survey of LOINC Code Selection Practices Among Participants of the College of American Pathologists Coagulation (CGL) and Cardiac Markers (CRT) Proficiency Testing Programs
Authors: Stram Michelle , Seheult Jansen , Sinard John H. , Campbell W. Scott , Carter Alexis B. , de Baca Monica E. , Quinn Andrew M. , Luu Hung S. ,   on behalf of the Members of the Informatics Committee, College of American Pathologists
Published: October 2019

Context.—

Biomedical terminologies such as Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes (LOINC) were developed to enable interoperability of health care data between disparate health information systems to improve patient outcomes, public health, and research activities.

Objective.—

To ascertain the utilization rate and accuracy of LOINC terminology mapping to 10 commonly ordered tests by participants of the College of American Pathologists (CAP) Proficiency Testing program.

Design.—

Questionnaires were sent to 1916 US and Canadian laboratories participating in the 2018 CAP coagulation (CGL) and/or cardiac markers (CRT) surveys requesting information on practice setting, instrument(s) and test method(s), and LOINC code selection and usage in the laboratory and electronic health records.

Results.—

Ninety of 1916 CGL and/or CRT participants (4.7%) responded to the questionnaire. Of the 275 LOINC codes reported, 54 (19.6%) were incorrect: 2 codes (5934-2 and 12345-1) (0.7%) did not exist in the LOINC database and the highest error rates were observed in the property (27 of 275, 9.8%), system (27 of 275, 9.8%), and component (22 of 275, 8.0%) LOINC axes. Errors in LOINC code selection included selection of the incorrect component (eg, activated clotting time instead of activated partial thromboplastin time); selection of panels that can never be used to obtain an individual analyte (eg, prothrombin time panel instead of international normalized ratio); and selection of an incorrect specimen type.

Conclusions.—

These findings of real-world LOINC code implementation across a spectrum of laboratory settings should raise concern about the reliability and utility of using LOINC for clinical research or to aggregate data.
Financiamento da inovação no Brasil: uma abordagem sobre a influência dos incentivos fiscais na atividade inovativa industrial
Authors: Santos Patrine Soares , Rocha Maria Thereza Santos , Souza Sara Gonçalves Antunes de
Published: October 2019

A atividade inovativa e as etapas que a antecedem, exigem um grande aporte de recursos e contam com uma característica de incerteza sobre o seu retorno, logo o financiamento destas atividades torna-se um entrave ao seu progresso, pois nem sempre os países possuem um sistema financeiro consolidado que propicie as ferramentas de crédito necessárias. Deste modo, o Estado assume função primordial no estímulo à inovação pelo setor produtivo, através de diversos instrumentos de financiamento, sendo os incentivos fiscais os mais utilizados pelos países em desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir, sob a perspectiva do financiamento da inovação, a influência dos incentivos fiscais na atividade inovativa industrial, com ênfase nas Leis da Informática e Lei do Bem, com base na literatura concernente ao tema, estudos correlatos e dados secundários sobre os impactos desses mecanismos legais. Conclui-se que estes instrumentos fiscais tem sido importantes para o incremento da atividade inovativa industrial no país, entretanto, tem se concentrado em empresas e setores aos quais estas já eram inerentes ao processo produtivo, além de que, através dos dados analisados, observou-se a ampla participação do autofinanciamento como propulsor do investimento em inovação, indicando a imprescindibilidade de adaptações na legislação.
A relação entre economia solidária e empreendedorismo
Authors: Neves Ednalva Felix das
Published: October 2019

De acordo com Schumpeter (1997), a atuação do empresário-empreendedor é primordial para promover o crescimento e a preparação da empresa para atuar no mercado – e assim, promover, também, o crescimento econômico. Pautando-se nesta visão, alguns estudos mostram que os trabalhadores da Economia Solidária não possuem perfil empreendedor, o que explicaria as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos Empreendimentos de Economia Solidária para se manter e se consolidar no mercado.Contudo, alguns elementos importantes, e que têm sido ignorados por estes estudos, demonstram que os trabalhadores da Economia Solidária vêm enfrentado cenários adversos e superado obstáculos, a fim de manter seus empreendimentos, com coragem, perseverança e criatividade. Além disso, é importante mencionar que os problemas enfrentados por estes trabalhadores, e por seus empreendimentos, dizem respeito a questões que vão além de seus perfis (empreendedores).O objetivo deste artigo é trazer alguns elementos importantes para se iniciar a discussão sobre Empreendedorismo e Economia Solidária – tema bastante polêmico e difícil, conforme veremos no decorrer do texto, mas também, necessário para o atual estágio da Economia Solidária.
Estrutura florestal e serapilheira acumulada predizem a velocidade da dinâmica demográfica em florestas secundárias da Mata Atlântica
Authors: Dalmaso Cilmar Antonio , Marques Marcia Cristina Mendes , Higuchi Pedro , Zwiener Victor Pereira , Marques Renato
Published: October 2019

O conhecimento dos fatores preditivos da dinâmica demográfica de florestas secundárias é útil para planejar estratégias de recuperação de áreas degradadas, estimar a produção de biomassa e para subsidiar o planejamento da utilização racional de recursos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar possíveis fatores bióticos e abióticos que predizem taxas de dinâmica demográfica da vegetação secundária da Mata Atlântica. Para isto, em seis florestas, que variaram em idade desde a última perturbação (25, 60, 75, 90 e mais de 100 anos), a ordenação por PCA das taxas demográficas (mortalidade, recrutamento, rotatividade em abundância, perda em área basal, ganho em área basal e rotatividade em área basal) foi utilizada como variável resposta em uma árvore de regressão. Como possíveis fatores preditivos foram utilizados: declividade, variáveis químicas do solo em diferentes profundidades, parâmetros da estrutura florestal, quantidade de serapilheira acumulada e padrões espaciais. A árvore de regressão revelou que variações locais nos padrões dinâmicos foram melhor preditas pela estrutura florestal e pela quantidade média de serapilheira acumulada. Locais com estrutura menos desenvolvida em relação ao diâmetro máximo, altura máxima e área basal ocorreram nas florestas mais jovens (25 anos) e em clareiras das florestas mais antigas (com 90 e 100 anos), onde foram observadas as maiores taxas de dinâmica demográfica. Áreas com estrutura mais desenvolvida foram frequentes em todas as florestas, independente da idade pós-perturbação. Nestas áreas, as mudanças foram mais lentas e a quantidade de serapilheira acumulada sobre o solo foi inversamente proporcional à rotatividade de árvores e de área basal.
The founder of of the Kaliningrad Scientific Geometrical School Vladislav Stepanovich Malakhovsky
Authors: Kretov M. , Funtikova T. , Shevchenko Yu.
Published: October 2019

A brief biography of the corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honorary Doctor of Science of the Baltic Federal University named after I. Kant, Professor and Consultant of the Institute of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and IT of the Immanuil Kant Baltic Federal University. The scientific and pedagogical work of a scientist for 65 years is analyzed. Shows the active life position of the hero of the day while studying at school, at Tomsk University and also while working at the Tomsk and Immanuil Kant Baltic Federal University to the present. References to some articles are given in which Vladislav Stepanovich’s activities are described in more detail in all areas up to previous anniversaries. The abstract of publications on number theory published by the hero of the last five years is given, in which for the first time some interesting patterns are established in special subsets of prime numbers.
Maps generating normals on a manifold
Authors: Polyakova K.
Published: October 2019

The first- and second-order canonical forms are considered on a smooth m-manifold. The approach connected with coordinate expressions of basic and fiber forms, and first- and second-order tangent vectors on a manifold is implemented. It is shown that the basic first- and secondorder tangent vectors are first- and second-order Pfaffian (generalized) differentiation operators of functions set on a manifold. Normals on a manifold are considered. Differentials of the basic first-order (second-order) tangent vectors are linear maps from the first-order tangent space to the second-order (third-order) tangent space. Differentials of the basic first-order tangent vectors (basic vectors of the first-order normal) set a map which takes a first-order tangent vector into the second-order normal for the first-order tangent space of (into the third-order normal for second-order tangent space). The map given by differentials of the basic first-order tangent vectors takes all tangent vectors to the vectors of the second-order normal. Such splitting the osculating space in the direct sum of the first-order tangent space and second-order normal defines the simplest (canonical) affine connection which horizontal subspace is the indicated normal. This connection is flat and symmetric. The second-order normal is the horizontal subspace for this connection. Derivatives of some basic vectors in the direction of other basic vectors are equal to values of differentials of the first vectors on the second vectors, and the order of differentials is equal to the order of vectors along which differentiation is made. The maps set by differentials of basic vectors of r-order normal for (r – 1)-order tangent space take the basic first-order tangent vectors to the basic vectors of (r + 1)-order normal for r-order tangent space. Horizontal vectors for the simplest second-order connection are constructed. Second-order curvature and torsion tensors vanish in this connection. For horizontal vectors of the simplest second-order connection there is the decomposition by means of the basic vectors of the secondand third-order normals.
Contigious hyperquadrics of coequipped hyperbands sHm
Authors: Popov Yu.
Published: October 2019

We consider hyperquadrics that are internally connected to coequipped hyperbands in the projective space. Specifically, a hyperquadric Qn1 tangent to a hyperplane at the point is called a contiguous hyper quadric of a hyperband if it has a second-order contact with the base surface of the hyperband. In a the third order differential neighborhood of the forming element of the hyperband, two two-parameter bundles of fields of adjoining hyperquadrics are internally invariantly joined, their equations are given in a dot frame. The set of hyperquadrics such that the plane and the plane of Cartan are conjugate with respect to hyperquadric Qn1 is considered. The condition is shown under which the normal of the 2nd kind and the Cartan plane are conjugate with respect to the hyperquadric Qn1 . In addition, the following theorem is proved: normalization of a coequipped regular hyperband has a semi-internal equipment if and only if its normals of the first and second kind are polarly conjugate with respect to the hyperquadric.
A constituição histórica do atendimento à pequena infância em Rio Grande/RS
Authors: Gutierres Borges Juliana Diniz , Mota Maria Renata Alonso
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a constituição histórica do atendimento aos bebês e às crianças bem pequenas na cidade do Rio Grande/RS. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de aproximações com autores do campo pós-estruturalista que têm por bases os estudos foucaultianos. O período histórico abordado compreende acontecimentos do contexto imperial, devido aos indícios de que as primeiras formas de atendimento à infância rio-grandina começaram a se delinear nessa época. Ao descrever a categoria de análise, o estudo aponta que uma primeira forma de proveniência das práticas de atendimento à pequena infância em Rio Grande apresenta-se atrelada à caridade e a doutrinas religiosas, que fundamentadas em dogmas espirituais e transcendentes, pretendem conduzir a conduta dos homens.Palavras-chave: Educação infantil – História. Creches. Rio Grande (RS).
Determinativproduktion: Fra Brocas afasi til en lingvistisk teori om, hvad grammatik er
Authors: Boye Kasper , Rosenbech Nielsen Sarah , Ishkhanyan Byurakn
Published: October 2019

This paper summarizes recent experiments examining the production of grammatical and lexical determiners in healthy individuals and individuals with agrammatic aphasia. The experiments discussed employ a design in which the Danish grammatical indefinite article en/et is contrasted with the lexical numeral en/et. The results show that articles are harder to produce than numerals. In agrammatic speech the difference is reflected in a higher proportion of omissions of articles. In healthy speech the difference is reflected in increased response times and decreased accurary rates for articles. The results are interpreted in light of a usage-based and functional theory of grammar, in which grammatical items are defined as signs that are by convention discursively secondary and structurally dependent.
Peter og mig, vi gik i biografen. Paratagmer i ekstraposition i dansk
Authors: Skafte Jensen Eva
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a study on the distribution of the case forms in personal pronouns used in dislocated coordinated conjuncts in Danish. Based on previous work on case distribution, coordinated conjuncts and dislocated pronouns, it is expected that pronouns will appear in the oblique form. This is tested empirically against a large corpus of coordinated conjuncts in spoken Danish. However, the results of the test do not satisfy the expectations. This prompts considerations on the nature of grammar in spoken language with reference to Auer’s (2009) notion of ‘on-line syntax’, and it also gives occasion to revisit the dependency relations between the entities in NP’s such as Peter og mig ‘Peter and me’.
Hjælp! Jeg har mistede min yndlings rød taske. Et studie af grammatikafvigelser
Authors: Falcon Søby Katrine , Burholt Kristensen Line
Published: October 2019

Grammar anomalies are frequent in texts produced by second language learners. When describing these anomalies, two main issues arise: What is anomalous use of grammar? And how are grammar anomalies distinct from orthographic and lexical anomalies? We review earlier error-definitions and suggest defining grammar anomalies according to an explicit norm instead of L1 usage. We propose a broader definition of grammar than in previous studies, based on Boye & Harder (2012). The distinction between grammar, lexicon and orthography is illustrated with data from 28 adult L1 English learners of L2 Danish. In the corpus, 55.9 % of the anomalies were related to grammar. Finally, we discuss how definitions and procedures can be used in future studies of naturally occurring grammar anomalies.
PROCJENA OSOBINA NASTAVNIKA OD STRANE GLUHIH I TEŠKO NAGLUHIH UČENIKA
Authors: Povlakić-Hadžiefendić Meliha
Published: October 2019

Cilj rada bio je utvrditi procjenuosobina nastavnika od strane gluhih iteško nagluhih učenika. Uzorak se sastojaood 94 ispitanika, podijeljenih udvije skupine. Prvu skupinu činilo je47 gluhih i teško nagluhih učenika(odnosno 30 gluhih s oštećenjem sluhapreko 90 dB i 17 teško nagluhihučenika s oštećenjem sluha od 70 do90 dB), drugu, kontrolnu grupu činilisu 47 čujućih vršnjaka, prosječne starosnedobi 16±1,27 godina. Primijenjenje Upitnik za ispitivanje osobinanastavnika kojim se procjenjuje šestpodručja: Autoritativnost, Emotivnopozitivne reakcije, Kooperativnost,Normativnost, Usmjerenost na rješavanjaproblema i Emotivno negativnereakcije, gdje su se ispitaniciizjašnjavali na postavljene tvrdnje.Dobijeni podaci obrađeni su deskriptivnomanalizom.Za testiranja postojanosti razlikaizmeđu učenika s oštećenjem sluha iučenika bez oštećenja primjenjen jet-test za nezavisne uzorke. Nije utvrđenastatistički značajna razlika nina jednom mjerenom području. Radipreciznijeg zaključivanja u vezi procjeneosobina nastavnika od staneučenika s oštećenjem sluha, ispitanje međugrupni varijabilitet gluhih,nagluhih i čujućih ispitanika. Utvrđivanjemrazlika srednjih vrijednostina osnovu rezultata post-hock Takijevogtesta (Tukey HSD) uočeno jeda nagluhi učenici povoljnije perci-piraju nastavnike od gluhih učenikai učenika bez oštećenja sluha.
Exogenous melatonin confers drought stress by promoting plant growth, photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant defense system of maize seedlings
Authors: Ahmad Shakeel , Kamran Muhammad , Ding Ruixia , Meng Xiangping , Wang Haiqi , Ahmad Irshad , Fahad Shah , Han Qingfang
Published: October 2019

Melatonin is an important biologically active hormone that plays a vital role in plant growth and development. In particular, it has been investigated for its roles in abiotic stress management. The current experiment was carried out to investigate the protective role of melatonin in photosynthetic traits and the antioxidant defense system of maize seedling under drought stress. Maize seedlings were subjected to drought stress (40–45% FC) after two weeks of seedling emergence, followed by a foliar spray (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM) and soil drench of melatonin (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM). Our results indicated that drought stress negatively affected maize seedling and decreased plant growth and development, biomass accumulation, reduced chlorophyll, and carotenoid content, and significantly declined photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. On the other hand, reactive oxygen species, soluble protein, and proline content increased under drought stress. However, the application of exogenous melatonin reduced the reactive oxygen species burst and enhanced the photosynthetic activity by protecting from damages through activation of various antioxidant enzymes under drought stress. Foliar application of 100 µM and soil drench of 50 µM melatonin was the most effective treatment concentrations under drought stress. Our current findings hereby confirmed the mitigating potential of melatonin application for drought stress by maintaining plant growth, improving the photosynthetic characteristics and activities of antioxidants enzymes.