bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowerment of Farmer Group Members through The Application of Sweet Potato Cultivation Intercropping with Sweet Corn Plants in Cibeber District, Cianjur Regency, West Java
Authors: Hasanah Nurul , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Sulistyowati Dwiwanti
Published: March 2021

Sweet potato plants are generally planted monoculture by farmers, so that the cultivation activities in one season only focus on one commodity and no other mixed commodities. The possibility that occurs when implementing a monoculture cropping system is a failure to harvest or small production results if the plant is attacked by pests or diseases, also less optimal use of the land used. One effort to overcome this problem is the intercropping system. The purpose of this study is to describe the level of empowerment of farmer group members through the application of sweet potato cultivation intercropping with sweet corn plants, analyzing the influential factors and strategies to increase the empowerment of farmer group members through the adoption of sweet potato cultivation intercropping with sweet corn plants. The population of this study was 145 people and 61 samples were taken. Data analysis methods used are descriptive statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and Kendall's W. analysis. The results of the study show that the level of empowerment of farmer group members in the three research object villages is in the high category of 38 people or (62.30%) of the total overall respondent. The factors that influence the empowerment of farmer group members through the implementation of intercropping are external factors in extension activities. The strategy to increase the empowerment of farmer group members through the implementation of intercropping by carrying out counseling containing material about intercropping and sweet potato cultivation systems.
Kapasitas Petani Padi dalam Mengakses Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) di Kecamatan Pameungpeuk Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat
Authors: Nurholis Muhamad Sandi , Anwarudin Oeng , Makhmudi Maspur
Published: March 2021

The Ministry of Agriculture has a strategic flagship program to improve the well-being of farmers. One of its programs is People's Business Credit (KUR). The KUR program is expected to be a solution for farmers in providing financial capital from formal financial institutions. Capitalization is a major issue facing farmers. Capital constraints also result in lower quantity and quality of yield. Thus, farmers still have low accessibility of farmers to KUR. This is because farmers consider capital access to formal financial institutions difficult and they need to have a reserve. All this time farmers have been relying on collectors and non-bankers for capital raising. Farmers need to lend capital to cultivators because they are the only easy solution to working capital. This study aimed to describe the capacity of rice farmers in accessing People's Business Credit (KUR) and to analyze the factors that influence the capacity of farmers in accessing the CURS sample of 54 people with purposive sampling technique. The research variables consisted of respondents 'characteristics, support for counseling services, social support and farmers' capacity. Data analysis techniques use descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis statistics. The results can be concluded that the capacity of rice farmers in accessing KUR is in the high category. Farmers' capacity is influenced by long-term entrepreneurship, counseling service support and social support.
ANALISIS AKSESIBILITAS PETANI PERKOTAAN TERHADAP AGROINPUT DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN URBAN FARMING
Authors: Harniati Harniati , Suryanti Reni
Published: March 2021

Urban Farming is growing rapidly and becoming as a part of the solution for food insecurity and malnutrition problems of urban citizen. But, the facilitation and development of urbanfarming have not been able to overcome problems and pressure faced by urban farmers mainlyaccessibility to agroinput yet. Objectives of this research were to 1) identify the problems ofagroinput, 2) to know accessibility of farmer to agroinput, 3) to analyze the policy implicationto the development of urban farming. The research used an explanatory survey method.Sampling method used waspurposive stratified random sampling. Availability of agroinput andfarmer’s accessibility were quantified using Likert’s Scale. Respondents were member offarmer’s group of paddy agribusiness, sheep, and processing of agriculture products. Thisresearch was conducted in the villages of Situ Gede and Margajaya for intra-urban, and PasirBuncir and Pasir Eurih of Tamansari for peri-urban.The observed variables are land, water,seeds/seedlings, fertilizers, pesticides, technologyas well as labor.Results of the study:1)agroinput that are difficult to access by farmers are land, labor, feed concentrate, fertilizer, andseed.Paddy land ownership in peri-urban is less than 0.2 Ha and in intra-urban areas are landlessfarmers. Outside labor is difficult to access because of itslimited amount or availibility and thewages is relatively expensive. Feed concentrate for sheep rarely available and not affordablebecause it’s expensive. Limited accessibility to agroinput for urban agribusiness and itsproblems and challenge will bring changing policy implication for developing urban farming,mainly for facilitation, development of urban agribusiness model, empowering institusional, andregulatory.
"Intimate Neighbors": Life in Shared Apartments in British Mandate Palestine
Authors: Etkin Elia
Published: March 2021

This article discusses a distinct form of urban housing that flourished in the Yishuv during the British Mandate, in which a family dwelt with other families or individuals in the same household. The article coins and defines the term ‘intimate neighborly relations’ and uses it to analyze the living experience of shared apartments and to describe the relationships that were formed between the residents. An anthropological analysis of the overlap between neighbors and home that is implied by the concept of ‘intimate neighbors’ refines our understanding of private and family space among the Jewish middle class in Palestine. Moreover, the article demonstrates the role of gender in neighborliness and urbanity and uncovers how women shaped the intimacy in the shared apartments. The main argument in the article, based on autobiographical and legal documents alongside popular representations of the practice, is that living together with ‘intimate neighbors’ involved inconvenience, embarrassment and even disgust. At the same time, and despite the difficulties, ‘intimate neighbors’ provided a form of human interaction in an immigrant society, in which many experience alienation and loneliness. Finally, the relationships among ‘intimate neighbors’ were simultaneously a personal experience and a public-national issue, especially in the 1940s when it became a widespread phenomenon and conflicts between neighbors escalated.
Synoptic control on snow avalanche activity in central Spitsbergen
Authors: Hancock Holt , Hendrikx Jordy , Eckerstorfer Markus , Wickström Siiri
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric circulation exerts an important control on a region's snow avalanche activity by broadly determining the mountain weather patterns which influence snowpack development and avalanche release. In central Spitsbergen, the largest island in the high-Arctic Svalbard archipelago, avalanches are a common natural hazard throughout the winter months. Previous work has identified a unique snow climate reflecting the region's climatically dynamic environmental setting but has not specifically addressed the synoptic-scale control of atmospheric circulation on avalanche activity here. In this work, we investigate atmospheric circulation's control on snow avalanching in the Nordenskiöld Land region of central Spitsbergen by first constructing a four-season (2016/2017–2019/2020) regional avalanche activity record using observations available on a database used by the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE). We then analyze the synoptic atmospheric conditions on days with differing avalanche activity situations. Our results show synoptic conditions conducive to elevated precipitation, wind speeds, and air temperatures near Svalbard are associated with increased avalanche activity in Nordenskiöld Land, but different synoptic signals exist for days characterized by dry, mixed, and wet avalanche activity. Differing upwind conditions help further explain differences in the frequency and nature of avalanche activity resulting from these various atmospheric circulation patterns. We further employ a daily atmospheric circulation calendar to help contextualize our results in the growing body of literature related to environmental change in this location. This work helps expand our understanding of snow avalanches in Svalbard to a broader spatial scale and provides a basis for future work investigating the impacts of environmental change on avalanche activity in Svalbard and other locations where avalanche regimes are impacted by changing climatic and synoptic conditions.
IDENTIFIKASI SALMONELLA sp. PADA TELUR ASIN YANG DIJUAL DI BEBERAPA PASAR KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Juariah Siti , Yanti Famelya Nelda
Published: March 2021

Telur asin merupakan salah satu sumber protein hewani yang memiliki rasa yang lezat mudah dicerna dan bergizi tinggi. Telur asin juga merupakan produk pengawetan telur bentuk olahan yang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan media cair yaitu dengan larutan garam jenuh. Telur memiliki sifat mudah rusak, baik kerusakan alami, kimiawi maupun infeksi mikroorganisme melalui pori-pori cangkang telur. Telur seringkali terdapat bakteri Salmonella sp. Bakteri Salmonella sp. dapat menembus membran kuning telur dan memperbanyak diri karena kandungan nutrisi telur yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya Salmonella sp pada telur asin yang dijual di beberapa pasar kota pekanbaru. Penelitian identifikasi Salmonella sp. bersifat eksperimental laboratory secara invitro. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan Sampel telur asin yang dijual di pasar Kodim I, pasar Bawah I, pasar pusat II, pasar Cik Puan II dan pasar Pagi I dan II ditemukan adanya kontaminasi bakteri Salmonella sp., sedangkan pada sampel telur asin di pasar Kodim II, pasar Bawah II, pasar Pusat II, pasar Cik Puan II tidak ditemukan adanya kontaminasi bakteri Salmonella sp.
UJI AKTIFITAS EKSTRAK METANOL BINTANG LAUT (Asterias forbesi) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Aspergillus sp. DAN Candida albicans SECARA In Vitro
Authors: Juariah Siti , Ramadhani Febi
Published: March 2021

Masalah kesehatan sering menimbulkan berbagai macam penyakit, beberapa penyakit banyak disebabkan oleh makanan yang terkontaminasi oleh jamur patogen. Beraneka ragam obat saat ini banyak mempunyai efek samping yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Pengobatan secara alami yang tidak menimbulkan dampak yang buruk bagi kesehatan manusia merupakan solusi untuk mengurangi efek samping salah satu yang berasal dari laut yaitu bintang laut (Asterias forbesi). Metode yang digunakan yaitu experimental laboratory. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui zona hambat dan konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak metanol bintang laut (Asterias forbesi) terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus sp. dan Candida albicans. Setelah dilakukan penelitian tentang uji efektifitas ekstrak metanol bintang laut (Asterias forbesi) terhadap pertumbuhan Aspergillus sp dan Candida albicans maka diperoleh bahwa ekstrak metanol Bintang Laut (Asterias forbesi)  dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur  Aspergilus sp. dan Candida albicans. Ekstrak metanol bintang laut  100% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Aspergilus sp. sebesar 0,88% dan Candida albicans sebesar  0,49%, ekstrak metanol 75% mampu menghasilkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 0,6% terhadap jamur Aspergilus sp dan 0,44% terhadap jamur Candida albicans. Pada konsentrasi 50% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Aspergilus sp sebesar 0,66% dan 0,42 pada jamur Candida albicans. Sedangkan pada konsentrasi terkecil yakni 25% menghasilkan kemampuan penghambatan yang lebih kecil yakni  64% dan 0,38% terhadap jamur Candida albicans.
IDENTIFIKASI TIMBAL PADA URIN TUKANG PARKIR YANG BEKERJA DI PASAR PUSAT PEKANBARU
Authors: Devitria Rosa , Sepryani Harni , Putri Elsa Mega Dwi
Published: March 2021

Udara merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan.Semakin meningkat pengguna kendaraan maka udara telah mengalami perubahan. Bahan bakar bensin yang dibubuhi TEL akan mengeluarkan partikel timbal. Timbal merupakan bahan unsur kimia yang termasuk kelompok logam berat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya timbal pada urin tukang parkir yang bekerja di pasar Pusat Pekanbaru.Kandungan timbal ditentukan dengan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA) yang dilakukan di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pengujian Material Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan hasil dari sampel urin yang berbeda mengandung timbal dengan kisaran konsentrasi 0,597-3,103 ppm. Ambang batas timbal pada urin diperkenankan menurut permenkes nomor 1406/MENKES/SK/XI/ 2002 kadar timbal dalam urin 0,15 ppm. Dengan demikian semua sampel melampaui ambang batas yang telah ditentukan.
ISOLASI 24-ETIL-5-KOLESTEN-3β-OL DARI DAGING BUAH JERUK KESTURI (Citrus mitis Blanco)
Authors: . Fauzan
Published: March 2021

Pada pemeriksaan pendahuluan diketahui bahwa ekstrak sari buah jeruk kesturi (citrus mitis Blanco) mengandung steroid. Atas dasar pertimbangan ini maka dicoba mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi jenis dan struktur steroid dari sari buah jeruk tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang jenis steroid yang terdapat dalam sari buah jeruk kesturi serta melengkapi data tentang kandungan kimia jeruk kesturi (citrus mitis Blanco). Ekstraksi dan maserasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat yang diikuti triturasi dengan pelarut heksana. Fraksi positif terhadap uji steroid dengan kandungan yang relatif tinggi adalah fraksi heksana. Komponen-komponen kimia steroid kasar dipisahkan dengan kromatografi kolom dengan menggunakan fasa diam silika gel dan fasa gerak berbagai macam campuran pelarut. Senyawa hasil isolasi berbentuk kristal jarum tak bewarna. Untuk penentuan struktur molekul senyawa hasil isolasi digunakan spektrometer ultraviolet, infra merah, RMI proton, RMI karbon, dan spektrum masa. Spektrum IR hasil isolasi memberikan serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 3407 cm, 1050 cm, 2935, 1618, 4 cm, 1472, 2 cm. Spektrum RMI proton memberikan puncak puncak dengan pergeseran kimia 5,35 : 3,55 : 2,3 : 0,70 : dan 0,68 ppm. Spektrum C-13 memberikan pergeseran kimia pada 11,840 11,960 12,240 18,775; 19,008; 19,381; 19,804; 21,061; 21,198;23,039; 24,286; 26,024; 28,232; 29,114;  29,122;  31,631;  31,879;  33,916;  36,133;  36,480; 37,228;  39,746; 42,273; 45,804, 50,110; 51,219; 56,023; 56,743; 71,801; 121,719 dan 140,729 ppm. Spektrum masa memberikan kelimpahan isotop dengan m/z pada 414 (100%), 396(80%), 381(45%), 329(42%), 255(52%),dan 231(22%). Berdasarkan data dan informasi dari identifikasi yang dilakukan, maka senyawa hasil isolasi dari daging buah jeruk kesturi (citrus mitis Blanco) adalah steroid sebanyak 18,54 mg jarum tak bewarna dengan titik leleh 162,3; 164,2 ºC. Jenis steroid tersebut di perkirakan 24-etil-5 kolesten3-beta-ol (β sitosterol).
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BESI PADA AIR SUNGAI SIAK DI PEKANBARU
Authors: Sandra Revi Yulia , Siswani Ranti , Rahma Novita , Sepryani Harni
Published: March 2021

Besi adalah  salah satu parameter pemeriksaan kualitas air. Besi dalam air menyebabkan warna air kuning-coklat, terasa pahit, serta dapat meninggalkan noda pada pakaian, dan pengendapan pada dinding pipa. Konsentrasi besi yang berlebih dalam tubuh dapat mennyebabkan permeabilitas dinding pembuluh darah kapiler meningkat sehingga plasma darah akan merembes keluar, merusak dinding usus, dan mengakibatkan kematian. Sungai Siak yang terletak di Provinsi Riau dibentuk oleh tanah gambut, yang memiliki kandungan besi pada perairannya. Sampel yang digunakan adalah air Sungai Siak. Analisis kandungan besi pada sampel diukur dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri  pada panjang gelombang 510 nm. Rerata konsentrasi besi pada sampel air Sungai Siak masih di bawah ambang batas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001.
HUBUNGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA WANITA USIA 40-60 TAHUN
Authors: H Hartini , Febiola Wiranti
Published: March 2021

Makanan diperlukan dalam pembentukan energi dalam tubuh. Makanan umumnya mengandung asupan gizi salah satunya adalah lemak. Lemak yang masuk ke dalam tubuh termasuk asam lemak dan trigliserida. Trigliserida adalah lemak darah yang berfungsi sebagai cadangan energi tubuh, isolator dan pelindung tubuh. Penentuan status gizi dilakukan dengan perhitungan indeks massa tubuh sebagai indikator dalam menilai obesitas.  Penentuan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) didapatkan dengan membandingkan Berat Badan (BB) terhadap Tinggi Badan (TB). Pengukuran IMT relatif lebih mudah, murah, cepat, dan sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) terhadap kadar trigliserida pada wanita usia 40-60 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan secara observasi dan eksperimental. Sampel diambil mengunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 30 orang terdapat Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) kurus (<17,5–18,5) sebanyak 3 orang (10%),  normal (>18,5–25,0) sebanyak 14 orang (46,7%), dan gemuk (>25,0–27,0) sebanyak 13 orang (43,3%). Berdasarkan kelompok rerata kadar trigliserida didapatkan trigliserida normal (<150 mg/dL) sebanyak 27 orang (90%), trigliserida tinggi (200-499 mg/dL) sebanyak 3 orang (10%). Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Chi-Squarare dan didapatkan hasil PValue (0,149) dan nilai α (0,05), yang menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT).
PENENTUAN KADAR KLORIN (Cl2) PADA TEPUNG TAPIOKA TIDAK BERMEREK YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR KODIM KOTA PEKANBARU DENGAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-VIS
Authors: . Fauzan , Haryati Yuli
Published: March 2021

Tepung tapioka adalah salah satu jenis tepung yang terbuat dari pati umbi singkong yang dikeringkan dan dihaluskan. Tepung tapioka umumnya digunakan dalam pembuatan kue, biskuit, kerupuk dan lain-lain. Namun, dalam pengolahan tepung tapioka para produsen sering menambahkan bahan berbahaya berupa klorin. Klorin yang digunakan sebagai pemutih pakaian merupakan bahan kimia yang dilarang penggunaannya di dalam bahan pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sebanyak sembilan sampel tepung tapioka yang tidak bermerek yang dijual di Pasar Kodim Kota Pekanbaru. Penentuan klorin diuji secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan uji kualitatif dengan reagen dipropil-p-phenilendiamin (DPD) diperoleh hasil semua sampel mengalami perubahan warna menjadi ungu kemerahan yang menandakan positif mengandung klorin. Berdasarkan uji kuantitatif dengan Spectroquant Pharo 300 dengan panjang gelombang 525 nm diperoleh kadar klorin pada masing-masing sampel yaitu sampel 1 diperoleh 0,125 mg/L, sampel 2 0,138 mg/L, sampel 3 0,159 mg/L, sampel 4 0,108 mg/L, sampel 5 0,172 mg/L, sampel 6 0,191 mg/L, sampel 7 0,201 mg/L, sampel 8 0,39 mg/L, dan sampel 9 0, 222 mg/L. Menurut Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. No. 033/Menkes/Per/IX/2012 tentang bahan tambahan pangan, klorin tidak termasuk dalam daftar Bahan Tambahan Pangan (BTP) pada tepung, sehingga semua sampel tidak aman untuk di konsumsi.
UJI KADAR SAKARIN PADA MINUMAN RINGAN BERMEREK YANG BEREDAR DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Rosmiati Karolina
Published: March 2021

Food addtives plays an important role in the production of  beverages to improve the quality, taste and shelf life of beverages products significantly. Saccharin is widely used as artificial sweetener in soft drinks manufacturing industries, including branded soft drinks with plastic packaging. The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of saccharin in branded soft drinks with plastic packaging sold at Pasar Kodim Pekanbaru. The samples were collected by purposive random sampling. five samples were analyzed by qualitative test using resorcinol reagent and quantitative test with alkalimetric titration methods. The qualitative test showed that all  samples were positive for saccharin indicated by the changes of color turning green fluorescence. The level of saccharin in the samples ranged between 160 – 580 mg/kg of ingredients. The higest  levels of saccharin (580 mg/kg) was assayed in sample E, and the smallest level ( 160 mg/kg)was assayed in sample B and C. According to Permenkes no.722/Menkes/Per/IX/1988 concerning food additives, maximal saccharin levels allowed in soft drink was 300 mg/kg of ingredients or 5 mg/kg of body weight. Only one sample (sample E) exceeded the limit of maximal saccharin levels allowed in soft drink. Samples A, B, C, dan D that had been tested could be considered as safe to be consumed, but the daily intake should be in caution.
PEMERIKSAAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH DAN KREATININ PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS KOTARAJA JAYAPURA
Authors: Sinaga Herlando , Jagad Dewita Selendang , Suwae Chartenzia
Published: March 2021

Lansia merupakan bagian dari proses tumbuh kembang manusia setelah dewasa (usia 60 tahun) yang ditandai dengan kemunduran  fisik, kemunduran fungsi organ, dan sebagainya. Akibat penurunan kapasitas fungsi organ ini, lansia umumnya dalam menanggapi berbagai rangsangan tidak seefektif seperti pada orang yang lebih muda. Gangguan ini menyebabkan disfungsi berbagai sistem organ dan meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap berbagai penyakit. Beberapa sistem tubuh yang terganggu diantaranya pengaturan kadar glukosa darah dan kreatinin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar glukosa darah dan kreatinin pada lansia di Puskesmas Kotaraja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan uji laboratorium. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pasien lansia yang datang untuk melakukan pemeriksaan. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 sampel. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah darah vena pasien lansia. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemeriksaan ini yaitu metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar glukosa darah tinggi terdapat pada 29% sampel sedangkan 71% sampel lainnya memiliki kadar normal, dan pada kadar kreatinin 63% sampel tinggi sedangkan 37% sampel lainnya normal.
HUBUNGAN PERSONAL HIGIENE DENGAN PENYAKIT CACING (SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTH) PADA PETANI SAYUR KARTAMA KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Aritonang Berliana N.R.S.
Published: March 2021

Personal hygiene merupakan faktor utama penyebab infeksi kecacingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada petani sayur di Kartama Pekanbaru pada bulan Oktober – Desember 2018 dengan total sampel 30 orang. Metode yang digunakan pada pemeriksaan ini metode sedimentasi. Populasi pada penelitian ini petani sayur di Kartama Pekanbaru yang tidak menggunakan sarung tangan ataupun alas kaki pada saat berkebun. Hasil yang didapat dari 30 sampel yang dilakukan pemeriksaan pada petani sayur di Kartama Pekanbaru tidak ditemukan adanya telur cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth pada sampel feses dan kuku.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN PEWARNA RHODAMIN B PADA SELAI STROBERI YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR DUPA PEKANBARU
Authors: H Hartini
Published: March 2021

Bahan tambahan makanan adalah bahan yang sengaja ditambahkan ke makanan dalam jumlah yang diketahui, dalam bentuk pewarna, pemanis dan lainlain. Salah satu pewarna yang sering digunakan sebagai tambahan makanan adalah Rhodamin B. Rhodamin B adalah pewarna yang digunakan dalam industri tekstil dan dilarang keras, karena bersifat racun yang dapat menyebabkan kanker, keracunan, iritasi mata, iritasi kulit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi Rhodamin B dalam selai strawberry tanpa merek yang dijual di Pasar Dupa Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis menggunakan n-butanol, asam asetat glasial dan aquades (10: 2.5: 6) sebagai fase gerak. Sampel yang diambil adalah selai strawberry merah tanpa merek yang dijual di Pasar Dupa Pekanbaru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf dari sampel berbeda dari nilai Rf larutan standar Rhodamin B. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel selai stroberi tidak bermerek tidak mengandung Rhodamin B
COVID-19 as Viewed by The Pathologist: A Rapid Literature Review
Authors: Callea Francesco
Published: March 2021

The current coronavirus outbreak represents a severe threat to public health worldwide. Finding measures to properly manage and prevent the epidemic is ongoing, right now practitioners and public health authorities need immediate, actionable information. Basic science and medical scientific disciplines have quickly produced a quantity of publications never seen with other emergencies, with a risk of exaggerated information and non-evidence-based measures. This rapid literature review of PubMed®/MEDLINE publications from January 20 to April 20, 2020 using COVID-19 as main key-word resulted in over 6.000 articles, with around 600 reviews. The contributions were subsequently clustered in subgroups according to journal sources and preselected areas of reference. Results were aggregated into 4 categories: supported, promising controversial and critical data. This Review has revealed a major criticality: only seven pathology articles were based on post-mortem material (minimally invasive autopsies/biopsies) . Dealing with an unknown disease, autopsies are indispensable to understand pathogenetic mechanisms, in order to rationalize therapeutic interventions. Even more important is to adopt a dedicated protocol aimed at correlating pathological findings with disease duration, patient location (home, hospital ward, ICU), and, for each period, symptoms, and treatment. Autopsy reports should not be released before a multidisciplinary discussion by hospital Root Cause Analysis or Morbidity/Mortality conferences. Telepathology is not a suitable means for such studies.
Improved Pancreaticoduodenectomy Outcomes after Starting a Specialized Community Hospital Pancreatic Surgery Program
Authors: Younan George , Andrews Maged , Rangarajan Umadevi , Eganhouse Danielle , Ahmed Robert F. , Shaver Timothy R.
Published: March 2021

Background: Recent trends in centralization of pancreatic surgery happened as a response to improved outcomes in tertiary care institutions. The volume-outcome relationship is true for high volume hospitals and surgeons. Obstacles to patient travelling to high volume institutions and widespread quality care in community hospitals led to establishing a quality specialized pancreatic surgery program in the community. Methods: Two pancreatic surgery specialists relocated their program from a tertiary care center to a community hospital. Results of the first sixty-two pancreaticoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy procedures were studied. Results: One hundred and seventeen pancreatic surgery cases were analyzed, sixty-two pancreaticoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy cases were included. Patient demographics were not different in regard to the median age (67 vs. 62 years), gender (65 vs. 62% males), median BMI (26.2 vs. 26 kg/m2), or American Society of Anesthesiologists class, in between the two hospitals. There was a significant decrease in the operative time (350 vs. 281 minutes, p=0.0001), estimated blood loss (409 vs. 156 milliliters, p=0.003), and length of hospital stay (7.2 vs. 5.2 days, p=0.0001). Most patients were operated on for a diagnosis of malignancy (74.2%), and the R0 resection rate was better at the community hospital reaching 95.2%. Transfusions, delayed gastric emptying and leaks tended to be better at the community hospital but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: With dedicated institutional support and careful program design, complex procedures such as PD can be successfully relocated to the community where superior results can be achieved.
A Modified Enhanced Recovery Pathway after Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Full Liquids on Discharge
Authors: Younan George , Jindal Archana , Andrews Maged , Eganhouse Danielle , Shaver Timothy R.
Published: March 2021

Background: After success in many surgical disciplines, enhanced recovery after surgery pathways have been recently introduced to the care of patients after pancreatic surgery. The aim of this study is to share our improved outcomes with a modified pathway that allows patients to be discharged home on a full liquid diet. Methods: A modified enhanced recovery pathway was based on published guidelines but included new changes aiming to improve outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy in a total of 60 consecutive patients. Results: Patients included in this study had no significant differences in demographics and preoperative characteristics. By implementing a modified enhanced recovery protocol, we were able to improve post-operative parameters, including a decrease in the length of stay to a median of 5 days. Compliance rate with the program reached 88% and patients were able to maintain a similar weight compared to the regular pathway at 30 days. Time to adjuvant therapy was reduced without significantly increasing overall complications or readmission rates. Conclusion: A modified enhanced recovery pathway after pancreaticoduodenectomy successfully improved short-term outcomes and reduced hospital stay.
The Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants on Bruxism: A Systematic Review
Authors: F P S L Oliveira , W C Jansen , M I S Côrtes , P I Seraidarian
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research was to perform a systematic review of the literature using the Cochrane Library criteria to establish whether there is a relationship between the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants and bruxism. We performed a review of randomised clinical trials studies that compared individuals treated with SSRI antidepressants to those treated with a placebo to detect an association between treatments with SSRIs the clinical and/or polysomnographic diagnosis of sleep bruxism. Studies were excluded from the review if the methods used were unclear or if they presented results that were inconsistent with their stated aims. In addition, descriptive and observational studies, literature reviews, case reports, and case series were not included. In the selection process, there were no requirements with regard to the language of the study or the source of the information. The MEDLINE, LILACS, CENTRAL, Embase and PsycINFO databases were examined using pre-established electronic search strategies. None of the 48 selected articles met the criteria for the present review. Thus, we were not able to perform a systematic review using the Cochrane Library criteria. There are no studies that have been conducted using consistent, validated methods that elucidate the relationship between sleep bruxism and the use of SSRIs. Studies should be conducted using appropriate methods to validate this relationship.
Evaluation of vapor-phase antifungal activities of selected plant essential oils against fungal strains growing on bread food model
Authors: Valková Veronika , Ďúranová Hana , Galovičová Lucia , Ivanišová Eva , Kačániová Miroslava
Published: March 2021

The current study aimed to investigate antifungal activities of two commercially available essential oils (EOs), specifically Tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia; TTEO) and St. John's wort oil (Hypericum perforatum; HPEO) against three Penicillium (P.) species: P. citrinum, P. expansum, and P. crustosum in in situ conditions. For this purpose, EOs were applied in the vapor phase to determine the growth inhibition of fungi artificially inoculated on sliced bread. Changes in colony growth rate were evaluated as markers for the mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) effect of the EOs. The antioxidant activities of the EOs were evaluated using the DPPH method. The moisture content (MC) and water activity (aw) of bread as a substrate for fungal growth were also measured. From the DPPH assay, we have found that both EOs (TTEO, HPEO) exhibited strong antioxidant activity (64.94 ±7.34%; 70.36 ±1.57%, respectively). The values for bread MC and aw were 43.01 ±0.341% and 0.947 ±0.006, respectively. Our results suggest that HPEO is the only weak inhibitor of P. citrinum and P. crustosum colony growths. Also, the highest concentrations of TTEO display only the weak capability of mycelial growth inhibition of P. citrinum and P. crustosum. By contrast, the colony growth of P. expansum was enhanced by both EOs at all levels used. In conclusion, the application of both EOs in the vapor phase against selected Penicillium species seems not to be a promising alternative to chemical inhibitors used for bread preservation.
The impact of consumer personality on purchasing behavior in the dairy market in terms of psychological factors
Authors: Nagyová Ľudmila , Géci Andrej , Krivošíková Alexandra , Horská Elena
Published: March 2021

Since the 1990s of the 20th century, the Slovak dairy industry has undergone many significant changes which have been related to the reduction of the herds of cattle and milk cows, the decrease of quantity of milked milk, low purchase prices of milk, the decline of a great number of milk producers and processors. The consumption of cow´s milk and dairy products in Slovakia is very low in comparison with the countries of the European Union (about 320 kg), Europe (293 kg), the Czech Republic (280 kg), and the rest of the world. It varies around 170 kg per capita per year, which is also considerably lower consumption than the dose of 220 – 240 kg per capita per year recommended by doctors. Since 1990 the production and consumption of dairy products and cheeses have decreased significantly. In Slovakia, the consumption is twice even three times less than in the developed countries of Europe. The reason for this situation is the behavior of a consumer and the factors having an impact on the consumption of cow`s milk and dairy products. The objective of the paper is to indicate the impact of the personal consumers` characteristics on the purchasing decisions on the market of the products of cow`s milk origin, based on the processed answers of the respondents participating in the questionnaire survey. The primary data were obtained via the questionnaire survey, which was conducted with 786 respondents. The questionnaire consisted of four parts – Eysenck`s personality test, the questions targeted at the detection of factors influencing the consumers` purchasing behavior and decision making, the questions related to expressing opinions about cow`s milk and dairy products, and the classification questions providing the information about the respondents. The data were processed by the methods of quantitative and qualitative statistics – Chi-square statistic χ2 test of square contingency, Chi-square χ2 goodness of fit test, two proportion test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the test of hypotheses of relative proportion.
Feasibility questions about government-sponsored insurance for business interruption losses from pandemics
Authors: Klein Robert W. , Weston Harold
Published: March 2021

Widespread economic losses to many businesses due to COVID-19 business
closures have led many plaintiffs’ attorneys to assert in lawsuits that business
interruption (BI) insurance policies cover these losses, while insurers generally
contend that their BI policies exclude coverage for a variety of reasons. We explain
the basic coverage contentions below. Additionally, several states are considering
measures that would retroactively establish coverage for pandemic-caused losses
under BI policies. While the resolution of coverage disputes and the legality of
retroactive coverage expansions in the courts is uncertain, clearly there is strong
interest in making BI pandemic insurance available going forward.

While a few insurers have offered BI pandemic coverage, no firms have
purchased it (Lerner, 2020). Further, many insurers are reluctant to expand their
BI policies to cover pandemic losses. Hence, there is strong interest in creating a
federal government insurance program that would provide BI pandemic coverage.

Currently, there are at least two formal proposals to establish such a program.
One proposal is the Pandemic Risk Insurance Act of 2020 (PRIA), which was
introduced in the U.S. Congress as H.R. 7011; PRIA would establish a Pandemic
Risk Reinsurance Program (PRRP) modeled after the Terrorism Risk Reinsurance
Program (TRRP) established by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA). Three
industry trade associations also have proposed a Business Continuity Protection
Program (BCPP) as an alternative to PRIA that is similar in some regard to the
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).

PRIA intends to create a public and private insurance program that would
provide BI insurance for pandemics, with participating private insurers retaining
5% of losses above a deductible. We critique the program contemplated by PRIA
and discuss the BCPP. Additionally, we consider a program concept of our own
design that would also borrow from the NFIP (but would differ somewhat from the
BCPP), as well as a program similar to the federal crop insurance program. We
conclude that frameworks based on the NFIP or the federal crop insurance program
would have several advantages over PRIA, which has a number of problems, but
even these alternative frameworks would face many challenges. This policy brief
provides a preliminary review of the PRIA and BCPP drafts, as well as other
alternative frameworks, and draws from a longer working paper by the authors
(Klein and Weston, 2020)
Assassination in Sarajevo and its reflections in the area of Herzegovina
Authors:   Faculty of Hunistic Sciences, Džemal Bijedić University, Mostar, Velagić Adnan
Published: March 2021

The murder of the Austro-Hungarian crown prince Franco Ferdinand and his wife, Sofia Hohenberg, in Sarajevo in 1914, opened numerous questions and controversies. Opposite conclusions and observations on this issue were elaborated not only by historians, but by politologists, sociologists, psychologists, and others, which was only one of the reasons why many issues in this issue remain in the sphere of controversial answers. It is therefore to be assumed that the giving of the final scientific court, the murder that triggered the world cataclysm, will continue to be the subject of many discussions and controversies. In this paper, the author sought to highlight events from this turbulent time in the Herzegovina region based on archival material, which has not been published so far.
In the service of the idea of “National and State unity”: School in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1918 to 1929.
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tuzla, Selimović Sead
Published: March 2021

The school system represents one of the most important segments for each state and society. For this reason, and for a number of other reasons, the authorities are trying to put schools under their control. Through the education of Bosnia and Herzegovina, political, economic, cultural, national and other goals of the ruling political elites were achieved. The curricula removed contents whose educational goals were in line with the interests of the Austro-Hungarian regime. The ruling elite was spreading the idea of a "three-nation nation", seeking to create a unique political, economic, educational and cultural space. Schools were given the task of developing the idea of a common fold and the idea of '' national and national unity ''. The idea, in the view of the ruling elite, could have been realized by schools, not by the army and officials. Teachers who had to respond to the '' spirit of the times '', as well as curricula and textbooks, played an important role in achieving the goals. Significant changes were made in the group of national subjects (history, geography, Serbian or Croatian language), with an emphasis on the history and geography of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and works on Serbian, Croatian or Slovenian literature were prescribed for the school textbook. Most of the textbooks were written by authors from Croatia and Serbia, while only a small number were from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
“Year of resolve” – Yugoslavia 1968: student demonstrations and Tuzla’s reactions
Authors:   Center for Research of Modern and Contemporary History of Tuzla, Jajčević Jasmin
Published: March 2021

The protests that affected the student population in 1968 around the world did not go beyond Yugoslavia. The first Belgrade, and then the students of other Yugoslav universities, launched demonstrations and highlighted the demands for more equitable relations in society. Student demonstrations in Yugoslavia that erupted in June 1968, were a series of public demonstrations and strikes and other protest actions that took place at universities in Yugoslavia, with special emphasis on demonstrations of students from the Belgrade University. The year 1968 is a symbol of revolution and historical change in society, and student revolutionary mood, mini-revolution, demonstrations, riots and dissatisfaction spread from the United States to Europe, and from Paris through Prague to Belgrade, Zagreb, Ljubljana and Sarajevo. Student dissatisfaction was initiated by the inefficiency of the implementation of economic and social reform, and the decline in the standard of living not only of the broader strata of society, which had a negative impact on the student population. During the student mini-revolution, they were trying to gain for their ideals the working class, convincing them in equal interests and the only way to the desired goal, but without success. In this connection, this paper seeks to draw on the basis of the press (Oslobodjenje and Front Freedom) and letters and telegrams addressed to the Union of Students of the Belgrade University to demonstrate that the employees of the company and mine in the Tuzla region reacted to these student demonstrations in Belgrade, then the schools, college students and others. By holding a meeting of working collectives, choirs, then sending letters and telegrams, they condemned the actions of students, but also gave full support to Tito in building a self-managing socialist society.
Muslims migrations from western Bosna to the Banija and Kordun area in the socialist period and the religious organization of Muslims in Sisak and Kordun
Authors:   Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies Zagreb, Škiljan Filip
Published: March 2021

The author gives information on the migration of Muslims to the area of Sisak and its surroundings and to the territory of Kordun (Vrginmost, Vojnić and Slunj municipalities). On the basis of oral testimonies from several Cordon settlements and speakers from Sisak and Mošćenica, the author presents data on the circumstances of immigration and relations with the local population after their immigration. In the second part of the text, it provides information on the beginning of the organization of the Jamaat in Sisak, Maljevac and Bogovolje based on the archive material from the Meshihat of the Islamic Community in Zagreb and Dzemat Sisak.
Review: NA MARGINI POVIJESTI, Edicija Zbornici, knjiga 5, Sarajevo 2018, 181 str.
Authors:   Center for the Reasearch of Modern and Contemporary History Tuzla, Jajčević Jasmin
Published: March 2021

Review: NA MARGINI POVIJESTI, Edicija Zbornici, knjiga 5, Sarajevo 2018, 181 str.
Review: Adnan Jahić, MUSLIMANSKO ŽENSKO PITANJE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI (1908-1950), Zagreb 2017, 552 str.
Authors:   Archives of Tuzla Canton, Tinjić Adnan
Published: March 2021

Review: Adnan Jahić, MUSLIMANSKO ŽENSKO PITANJE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI (1908-1950), Zagreb 2017, 552 str.
Conference Report: Izvještaj sa NAUČNE MANIFESTACIJE „HISTORIJSKI POGLEDI“, Tuzla, 8. i 9. novembar 2018. godine
Authors:   Center for Research of Modern and Contemporary History Tuzla, Jajčević Jasmin
Published: March 2021

Conference Report: Izvještaj sa NAUČNE MANIFESTACIJE „HISTORIJSKI POGLEDI“, Tuzla, 8. i 9. novembar 2018. godine
The effect of extensible business reporting language on the performance of the internal audit
Authors: Shahwan Yousef , Jodeh Ibraheem
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of applying extensible business reporting language on the performance of the internal audit. A questionnaire was used to collect the data from 115 of the top managers of firms and internal auditors. Multiple regression methods were employed through SPSS software to test the hypotheses. The results of the study show that the external entity pressure, ease of use of the system, and cost-benefit overload positively and significantly affect the performance of the internal audit. While adapting to previous systems, training their employees, and the successful implementation of the model did not affect the performance of the internal audit.
The effect of pricing bundling capability on marketing performance: The mediating role of price value offerings
Authors: Uripi Cahyaningtyas Ria , Suliyanto Suliyanto , Adi Pramono Hari , Kaukab M. Elfan
Published: March 2021

This research intends to examine the effect of pricing bundling capability on price value offerings and marketing performance. It also tests the role of price value offerings as a mediating variable. Price building capacity develops from pricing capability to fill the research gap of its effect on marketing performance. Some studies prove that pricing capability affects performance. On the other hand, some found that it does not and recommend further research to improve this capability in line with the price strategy implemented by the company. Previous research on price strategy focuses on the consumers’ perspective. This study concentrates on the producers’ viewpoint. We collected data from 183 SME’s restaurants’ managers in Purwokerto using structured questionnaires. Structural Equation Model is used to obtain the aim of the research and analyze the measurement and structural model. The result suggests that pricing bundling capability positively affects pricing capacity on marketing performance and price value offerings. It also shows that price value offerings positively affect the marketing performance and that price value offerings mediate the effect of pricing capability on marketing performance. We suggest the SME’s restaurants’ managers pay attention to their pricing bundling capability to increase the price value offerings and marketing performance.
POSSIBILITIES FOR MODIFICATION OF SURGICAL OBTURATOR INTO TEMPORARY OBTURATOR
Authors:   Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Gerdzhikov Ivan
Published: March 2021

Background: Maxillary resection causes different types of damages in the maxillofacial area, which are treated by surgical and prosthetic restorative methods. Aim: The described clinical case follows up the initial stages of the prosthetic treatment, as well as the possible modification of surgical obturator into temporary obturator in a patient with maxillary resection. Materials and methods: The prosthetic treatment of a 55-years-old female patient with a surgical operation of upper jaw cancer is described. The surgical obturator is developed a week after the resection. The preliminary impressions are taken with irreversible hydrocolloid impression material. The occlusion height and central relation are fixed by occlusion rims. The surgical obturator was fabricated by heat cured acrylic resin with a low amount of residual monomer. Moreover, metal clasps were used for retention and stability. The borders of the obturating part were covered with a thin layer of relining silicone material after the adjustment. The surgical obturator was modified into a temporary one directly in the patient's mouth after two months by applying the same rebasing material and designing a silicone hollow-bulb obturating part. Results: The treatment results revealed a successful restoration of the patient's speaking, feeding, and swallowing abilities. The application of silicone material inhibited the appearance of decubitus ulcers and facilitated the normal healing process. The direct design of hollow-bulb silicone obturating part significantly improved the retention and stability of the obturator. Conclusion: The application of prosthetic treatment methods in the first days after the maxillary resection allows for restoration of speaking and feeding.