bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSEP WISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT
Authors: Suganda Asep Dadan
Published: July 2018

Abstrak. Konsep Wisata Berbasis Masyarakat. Di Indonesia, pariwisata merupakan sektor yang memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap perekonomian. Untuk menjadikan sektor ini berhasil, maka diperlukan kepandaian dalam mengelola aset pariwisata yang ada. Salah satu konsep pengelolaan aset pariwisata yang dapat diterapkan bersama masyarakat lokal yang berada didaerah tempat wisata adalah dengan mengenalkan konsep wisata berbasis masyarakat (Community Based Tourism). Prinsip dasar Community Based Tourism adalah menempatkan masyarakat sebagai pelaku utama melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam berbagai kegiatan kepariwisataan, sehingga manfaat kepariwisataan sebesar-besarnya diperuntukkan bagi masyarakat. Tujuan yang ingin diraih adalah pemberdayaan sosial ekonomi komunitas itu sendiri dan meletakkan nilai lebih dalam pariwisata, khususnya kepada para wisatawan. Community Based Tourism akan melibatkan pula masyarakat dalam proses pembuatan keputusan, dan dalam perolehan bagian pendapatan terbesar secara langsung dari kehadiran para wisatawan. Dengan konsep Community Based Tourism akan dapat menciptakan kesempatan kerja, mengurangi kemiskinan dan membawa dampak positif terhadap pelestarian lingkungan dan budaya asli setempat.

 

Abstract. Community Based Tourism. Tourism in Indonesia is a sector that provides a large income to the country's economy. The experts are required to manage the existing tourism assets. One of the concepts of tourism asset management can be applied with the local communities known as the Community Based Tourism. The basic principle of Community Based Tourism is to make the community as the main actors through empowering various tourism activities, and the benefits of tourism as much as possible for the community. The socio-economic empowerment of the community become the main goal and put more values in tourism, especially to the tourists. Community Based Tourism will involve the community as decision-making process, also in the acquisition of the largest share of income from the tourists directly. With this Community Based Tourism concept will be able to create employment opportunities, reduce poverty and bring a positive impact on the preservation of local native environment and culture.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISTEM KOLOID DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) DAN TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DI SMA
Authors: - Oktariani
Published: July 2018

Pembelajaran kimia di SMA X masih belum maksimal sehingga berdampak terhadap hasil belajar yang belum memenuhi KKM yaitu ≥75. Pembelajaran kimia khususnya sistem koloid di SMA X masih terpusat pada kemampuan siswa untuk menghapal tanpa menghubungkannya dengan kehidupan sehari-hari. Untuk mengatasi hal ini diterapakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan TGT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh perbedaan hasil belajar sistem koloid dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran NHT dan TGT. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperiman dengan rancangan Randomized Control Group Only Design yang Diperluas. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IA di X, dan sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IA 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 (NHT) dan siswa kelas XI IA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen 2 (TGT). Sampel diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Data diperoleh dari tes hasil belajar kognitif yang diberikan di akhir pembelajaran, dimana soal tes akhir ini telah diujicobakan terlebih dahulu. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan uji-t. Hasil analisis data hasil belajar kognitif diperoleh rata-rata kelas eksperimen 1 (NHT) = 81,8 dan kelas eksperimen 2 (TGT) = 80,8. Dari hasil uji-t yang dilakukan pada taraf nyata 0,05 diperoleh thitung = 0,42 dan ttabel = 2,00 (dk=73), terlihat bahwa thitung < ttabel maka H0 diterima sedangkan H1 ditolak, yang artinya kedua kelas sampel tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Akan tetapi dapat meningkatakan hasil belajar, hal ini terlihat dari nilai rata-rata kelas sampel yang memenuhi KKM yaitu ≥ 75.
INOVASI PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PAI DI SMP NURUL JADID
Authors: Mundiri Akmal , Hasanah Reni Uswatun
Published: July 2018

Innovation of curriculum development of Islamic Education at Nurul Jadid Junior High Schools based on the interest of writers to examine education in Junior High School, especially about the process of Innovation of PAI Curriculum, these are two things that have related to each other. Innovation means ideas or ideas, while the curriculum means roads. Therefore, curriculum innovation is an idea or idea of ​​thinking to achieve the path that will be pursued by educators and learners. The curriculum is a reference and it is very influential on education. The purpose of this research is to know how the process of Innovation of PAI Curriculum Development in Nurul Jadid Junior High School, to know the principles of curriculum development of PAI as well as to know the foundations in curriculum development, to improve furudul ainiyah coaching, to discipline students in performing prayers in ' ah that is done every day for Muslims, knowing the process of integration between the curriculum dengam madrasah diniyah, and linking curriculum PAI with boarding.
REMAJA PECANDU NARKOBA: STUDI TENTANG REHABILITASI INTEGRATIF DI PANTI REHABILITASI NARKOBA PONDOK PESANTREN AR-RAHMAN PALEMBANG
Authors: Hawi Akmal
Published: July 2018

Remaja merupakan salah satu unsur generasi muda, mengingat umur mereka masih belasan tahun. Dalam kurun terakhir ini, muncul kecemasan di kalangan masyarakat tentang tingkah laku remaja yang cenderung mengarah kepada perbuatan melanggar norma-norma sosial dan norma-norma agama serta aturan-aturan hukum.             Munculnya perilaku negatif di kalangan remaja, seperti: perkelahian antar pelajar, melakukan pembunuhan, pemerkosaan, penodongan, melakukan hubungan seksual di luar nikah dan mengkonsumsi narkoba. Guna menanganinya, berbagai usaha telah dilakukan, mulai dari promosi pencegahan pemakaian, penegakan hukum yang keras, hingga pembentukan lembaga-lembaga yang melakukan promosi pencegahan, baik lembaga bentukan pemerintah maupun swadaya masyarakat. Begitu pula usaha untuk membantu penyembuhan para pecandu juga sudah cukup dilakukan. Berbagai tempat rehabilitasi dengan berbagai pendekatan mulai dari medis, psikologis, hingga spiritual, sudah banyak didirikan, baik oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat sendiri. Namun usaha-usaha tersebut, masih bersifat parsial. Masing-masing pendekatan dilaksanakan sendiri-sendiri. Misalnya ada lembaga yang menggunakan pendekatan terapi medis saja, ada pula yang menggunakan pendekatan terapi psikologis atau terapi spiritual saja. Pendekatan rehabilitasi secara parsial seperti ini, tidak dapat menjangkau semua dimensi kerusakan yang dialami oleh pecandu narkoba. Sehingga tidak dapat menghasilkan kesembuhan secara total baik fisik, psikis maupun moral spiritualnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu pendekatan baru, yang dapat mengakomodir semua dimensi kerusakan yang dialami pecandu narkoba,     seperti dimensi fisik, psikis dan dimensi moral spiritual. Pendekatan tersebut merupakan integrasi dari pendekatan terapi biologis-medis, psikotrapi-psikologis, dan moral-spiritual.
Determinan Pengangguran Terdidik Jawa Timur
Authors: Huda Mochamad Miftahul , Subagiarta I. Wayan , Adenan Moh.
Published: July 2018

The main problem in this study is about the large number of educated unemployment that occurred in the province of East Java. This study aimed to describe the factors that influence the Educated Unemployment in East Java province. This type of research is explanatory research which kind of research that explains the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables. Data collected documents, publications of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results showed that the District Minimum Wage, Working Age Population, Gross Domestic Product has an effect on an Educated Unemployment in East Java.Keywords: Educated Unemployment, District Minimum Wage, Working Age Population , Regional Gross Domestic Product
Rekontruksi Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi pada UMKM Eraclassic
Authors: Bariro B. , Agustini Aisa Tri
Published: July 2018

The objective of this research is to reconstruct manufacturing cost of bag in UMKM Eraclassic located in Gresik Regency, using job order costing method. Data in this research are collected through observation, interviews, and documentaries. Descriptive qualitative and quantitative method will be used to analyze those data. The results shows that there is a differences between the calculation of manufacturing cost by UMKM Eraclassic and calculation using job order costing method. The result of reconstruction calculation shows that sling bag, fungky bag and duffel bag manufacture cost are Rp 22.680, Rp 30.189, and Rp 41.707 per unit. This results shows that the gross profit accepted by UMKM Eraclassic are Rp 1.972 per dozen, which is too low. Based on those result, UMKM Eraclassic needs to take the manufacturing overhead cost elements, the cost of depreciation of buildings and vehicles and equipment manufacturer into accounts. In addition, based on the existing fee policy on UMKM Eraclasic, direct labor cost and utility cost will be charged to products. Based on job order costing method, direct labor cost should be charged based on the actual cost of the case, while utility expense which is the manufacturing overhead costs will be charged by the rate determined upfront based on basic imposition. Keywords: Manufacturing Cost, Job Order Costing, Cost of Production, Gross Profit
Dinamika Sikap Tiongkok Atas Putusan Mahkamah Arbitrase Tetap Internasional Nomor 2013-19 dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Indonesia
Authors: Megawati Ayu , Arundhati Gautama Budi
Published: July 2018

The Conflict in South China Sea involves several countries in Southeast Asia, such as the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Indonesia. It is dealt with the rights of ownership, as a result of the People Republic of China (PRC) to unveil nine-dashed line which partially claims over South China Sea. But, it is followed by other countries to release new evidences on the territorial status of South China Sea. Though the Permanent Court of Arbitration had decided the petition of the Philippines in 2013, PRC could not admit the Arbitration. Essentially, Indonesia is not directly involved as a party in the case. But as the evidence provided by PRC, Natuna Islands is part of nine-dashed line in which it asserts that such islands are regarded part of PRC. As a result, Indonesia needs to anticipate on the further potential contention of territorial claims as it has islands around the South China Sea.

Keywords: South China Sea Dispute, Permanent Court of Arbitration
Peran Pemerintah Banyuwangi terhadap Bangunan Pinggir Pantai
Authors: Firdausyah Khairinisa Nur , Atikah Warah
Published: July 2018

Banyuwangi is a regency in East Java which focuses to transforming the regency into a tourism city, especially in the coastal tourism. As the development has sustained, it persuades investors to explore coastal tourism as a new business area. Consequently, the development of tourism in Banyuwangi regency generates new tourism places. On the other hand, however, there are further problems in areas of coastal tourism which were previously established. Watu Dodol Beach for instance, the beach has a lot of traditional outlets as business activities as results of coastal tourism with more than 37 years without any administrative documents. This paper is aimed to revisit the response of Government of Banyuwangi toward permanent buildings at beach’s borders according to administrative procedures according to Government Bylaw (Perda) Number 9 Year 2014 on Building. There are some critical notes to outline implications of such bylaw with the following dispute settlement. As mentioned by such bylaw, the absence of administrative documents on the establishment of outlets will impose the Government to issue reminder in writing, restrictions of building, postponement of activities, revocation of building permits (IMB), revocation of feasible function standard (SLF) and dismantling of buildings. As a result, the dispute settlement provided to address such administrative sanction comprises litigation and non-litigation processes.

Keywords: Government of Banyuwangi, Building, Coastal Tourism
Konsolidasi Komunal sebagai Mitigasi Konflik Agama di Jawa Timur
Authors: Fatah Abdul
Published: July 2018

Indonesia adopts democracy based on the rule of law as it is guaranteed in the constitution. But, the practice of violations of Freedom of Religion and Belief (KBB) still frequently occurs in Indonesia, including in the province of East Java. As a result of intolerance under the ground of religion and belief, social conflict is inevitable. There are several alternatives as a means to establish transitional justice in the aftermath of conflict, such as truth finding, independent and impartial tribunal, mainstreaming collective consciousness on the importance of diversity, and utilization of policy to counter social conflict. Nevertheless, another important aspect is the need of communal consolidation in the aftermath of intolerant practice and social conflict. Thus, communal consolidation which involves interested parties should be seen as an instrument of conflict mitigation under the ground of religion in East Java.

Keywords: The Rule of Law, Government, Freedom of Religion and Belief
Carta ao Editor: Quando Judas Teve Sarampo
Authors: Gonçalves Guilherme
Published: July 2018

N/A.
Proposta de Uma Escala Portuguesa para a Avaliação da Qualidade do Aconselhamento Genético: Uma Nova Ferramenta para os Profissionais da Saúde
Authors: Paneque Milena , Costa Catarina , Lemos Carolina , Alves-Ferreira Miguel , Sequeiros Jorge , Lemos Marina Serra
Published: July 2018

Introdução: A falta de ferramentas para avaliar a qualidade do aconselhamento genético é uma limitação reconhecida em estudos nacionais e internacionais. É conhecida também a relação da qualidade da prática nos cuidados de saúde com uma maior satisfação dos doentes e das famílias afetadas. O seguinte estudo apresenta a construção e validação da primeira escala portuguesa para avaliação da qualidade da prática do aconselhamento genético. Engloba uma proposta de ferramenta para a avaliação do processopelos próprios profissionais.Material e Métodos: Iniciou-se este estudo pela revisão da literatura e identificação das principais dimensões do aconselhamento genético. De seguida, procedeu-se à elaboração dos itens e à sua organização mediante as dimensões teóricas do Modelo do Envolvimento Recíproco. Após um pré-teste alcançou-se a versão que foi proposta para validação a uma amostra de 30 participantes, que avaliaram 81 sessões de aconselhamento genético.Resultados: Através de critérios estatísticos e empíricos selecionaram-se os melhores itens, ficando a escala constituída por 50 itens. Esta versão da escala compreende cinco dimensões: educação, características do consultando e tomada de decisão, relação terapêutica, efeitos do processo no consultando e organização do serviço.Discussão: Os resultados mostraram que se trata de uma escala válida, com características psicométricas consistentes e fundamentada em simultâneo do ponto de vista teórico-prático do aconselhamento genético. O número reduzido de participantes envolvidos na validação da escala constitui uma limitação, que reflete o número reduzido de profissionais a exercer nesta área dos cuidados de saúde.Conclusão: A escala proposta neste estudo é um instrumento pioneiro, multidimensional que pretende contribuir para a qualidade da prática do aconselhamento genético em Portugal.
The PAS of Motion Constructions
Authors: Belloro Valeria , Guerrero Lilián
Published: July 2018

This article discusses the syntactic realization and discourse status of LOCATIVE expressions in motion constructions from the standpoint of the Preferred Argument Structure model (PAS, Du Bois 1987, Du Bois et al 2003). PAS posits two grammatical constraints on core arguments: (1) avoid more than one core lexical argument per clause, and (2) avoid lexical As. Our study examines whether LOCATIVE expressions, usually considered oblique or peripheral adjuncts, abide by the universal tendencies unveiled by the PAS. The results show that, in terms of the PAS, the discourse behavior of intransitive motion constructions is analogous to that of transitive constructions, and that the co-ocurrence effects predicted by the PAS to apply only to A and O arguments do affect S and LOCATIVE expressions as well. This suggests that PAS tendencies are sensitive to semantic argument status, independently of he arguments' syntactic role and its morphological marking as direct vs. oblique. The data comes from three Uto-Aztecan languages (Yaqui, Guarijio, Nahuatl) and Spanish.
Variación paradigmática en los pronombres libres de primera persona no-singular en lenguas de la familia guaycurú
Authors: Belén Carpio María
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo se analiza la relevancia o no del tipo y número de participantes implicados junto al hablante en la codificación de la primera persona no-singular en los pronombres libres en lenguas de la familia guaycurú (toba de la provincia de Chaco, toba del este y del oeste de Formosa, pilagá, mocoví, mbayá, kadiwéu y abipón). Se demuestra que estas lenguas no presentan un comportamiento homogéneo en el subdominio pronominal analizado, y se propone un continuum de densidad de codificación en la primera persona no-singular cuyos polos están representados por lenguas que presentan paradigmas alta y mínimamente diferenciados, respectivamente.
Estructura de la información y expresión de tópico y foco en lenguas yuto-aztecas de la Sierra Tarahumara
Authors: Estrada-Fernández Zarina
Published: July 2018

Esta presentación desarrolla, por primera vez, una discusión acerca de las nociones de Tópico y Foco en cuatro lenguas yuto-aztecas de las tierras altas del noroeste de México. Se propone que, aunque estas lenguas están genética, geográfica y culturalmente relacionadas, cuentan con estrategias distintivas para codificar al tópico y foco como elementos de la Estructura de la Información. El artículo también muestra que los elementos para codificar el tópico, pueden además marcar el foco o contribuir a la conectividad de un discurso coherente. Finalmente, se considera que las estrategias de codificación del tópico o foco pueden tener sus raíces en las prácticas retóricas lingüístico-culturales de estos pueblos.
Resenha: A grammar of Kukama-Kukamiria: A language from the Amazon
Authors: Corbera Mori Angel
Published: July 2018

Resenha da obra "A grammar of Kukama-Kukamiria: A language from the Amazon" escrita pela linguista Rosa Vallejos sobre a gramática da língua indígena kukama e de sua variedade, o kukamiria. Esta obra foi publicada no ano de 2016 pela Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas . Ela contém 17 capitulos, cada um dos quais é comentado brevemente nesta resenha.
DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SURFACE WATERS FROM THE CRNA RIVER BASIN, REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Tomovski Dimitri , Stafilov Trajče , Šajn Robert , Bačeva Andonovska Katerina
Published: July 2018

An investigation of the distribution of 23 chemical elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, V and Zn) in surface water samples from the entire basin of the Crna River, Republic of Macedonia, was carried out. In total 31 water samples were collected, from which 8 samples from the Crna River and 4 samples from four main tributaries of Crna River in the Pelagonia Valley (Blato, Prilepska Reka, Dragor and Jelaška Reka). Also, surface water samples were collected from 3 locations in the Tikveš Lake, 8 locations from the Majdanska River and river of Blašnica before its inflow into the Tikveš Lake and from 7 locations of the lower course of the Crna River after the dam of Tikveš Lake until its inflow into the river of Vardar. Determination of the concen-tration of the investigated elements was performed by using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES). All data obtained for the analyzed samples were statistically processed using software Stat Soft 11.0 where the descriptive statistical analysis of the value for the concentration of the elements was performed. The maps of spatial distribution of the concentration for each element and a histograms for the representation of elements with mean values of the concentrations by regions, were also prepared. The obtained results show that the concentration of investigated element are mainly followed the lithology of the region. However, higher concentrations of arsenic were found in the water samples from the river of Blašnica which is a result of anthropogenic influence from the abounded Allchar mine on the Kožuf Mountain. Also, the increased concentrations of nickel were found in the samples from the lower couse of the Crna River after the dam of Tikveš Lake due to the anthropogenic influence from the ferronickel smelter plant Feni Industry, which can influence the quality parameters of surface waters.
Модификация среды ESAW, используемой для культивирования морских диатомовых водорослей
Authors: Полякова С. Л. , Давидович О. И. , Подунай Ю. А. , Давидович Н. А.
Published: July 2018

Эксперименты с клоновыми культурами четырёх видов пеннатных диатомовых водорослей, Haslea karadagensis, H. ostrearia, Pleurosigma sp. и Pseudo-nitzschia cf. seriata, показали, что добавление в среду ESAW тиосульфата натрия приводит к увеличению темпа деления клеток. Наибольшее, почти двукратное, увеличение темпов деления (по сравнению с таковым при использовании обычного состава среды) отмечено у Pseudo-nitzschia cf. seriata — представителя рода, включающего токсикогенные виды. Изучена зависимость темпов деления от концентрации тиосульфата натрия в среде. Определены оптимальные концентрации, обеспечивающие наивысший темп деления. Добавление аммонийного цитрата железа или замена им хлорида железа не сказывались на темпах деления изученных диатомей. В практических целях целесообразнее готовить среду солёностью 36 ‰. Приведён модифицированный рецепт среды ESAW.
Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase genetic polymorphism and pantoprazole pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers
Authors: Kurzawski Mateusz , Gawrońska-Szklarz Barbara , Adamiak-Giera Urszula , Wyska Elżbieta , Droździk Marek , Szeląg-Pieniek Sylwia
Published: July 2018

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Genetycznie uwarunkowana aktywność enzymów metabolizujących leki może mieć znaczenie dla bezpieczeństwa i skuteczności leczenia. We wcześniejszych badaniach wykazano, że na aktywność enzymatyczną CYP2C19 może wpływać nie tylko polimorfizm genu kodującego ten cytochrom, lecz także zawartość reduktazy cytochromu P450 (POR) w mikrosomach ludzkich hepatocytów. Ludzki gen POR wykazuje dużą zmienność, a allel POR*28 jest związany ze zwiększoną aktywnością reduktazy, co w konsekwencji może prowadzić do zwiększonej aktywności układu CYP P450, w tym enzymu CYP2C19.Celem badania było określenie związku pomiędzy polimorfizmem genu POR a parametrami farmakokinetycznymi pantoprazolu, substratu CYP2C19 w grupie zdrowych ochotników. W analizie uwzględniono także warianty genu CYP2C19.Materiały i metody: U 30 osób, u których wykonano badanie pod kątem występowania jedno­nukleotydowych polimorfizmów: rs4244285 (681G>A, CYP2C19*2), rs12248560 (−806C>T, CYP2C19*17) oraz rs1057868 (31696C>T, POR*28). Stężenia pantoprazolu w osoczu zmierzono metodą wysokosprawnej chromatografii cieczowej w ciągu 8 godz. od przyjęcia pojedynczej doustnej dawki leku (40 mg).Wyniki: Nie stwierdzono istotnych różnic w stężeniu pantoprazolu pomiędzy osobami o różnych genotypach POR (*1/*1, *1/*28 i *28/*28). Analiza wieloczynnikowa wykazała, że genotyp CYP2C19 istotnie wpływał na wartość wszystkich analizowanych parametrów farmakokinetycznych (p < 0.05), podczas gdy genotyp POR nie był istotnie związany z żadnym z nich.Wnioski: Wyniki badania wskazują, że polimorfizm genu POR nie wpływa istotnie na farmakokinetykę pantoprazolu.
Lecznicze zastosowania limonenu
Authors: Retajczyk Monika , Wróblewska Agnieszka
Published: July 2018

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Limonen jest monoterpenem, który w przyrodzie występuje w formie dwóch izomerów R i S. Z tych dwóch izomerów szczególną uwagę zwraca się obecnie na R-(+)-limonen, głównie ze względu na łatwość jego pozyskania z tanich i odnawialnych surowców naturalnych (odpadowe skórki pomarańczy) oraz bardzo liczne i różnorodne zastosowania, m.in. w medycynie, kosmetyce i przemyśle perfumeryjnym.Materiały i metody: Artykuł jest pracą przeglądową, w której omówiono zastosowania limonenu, przy czym duży nacisk został położony na opisanie zastosowań tego związku w medycynie. Z danych literaturowych wynika, że limonen w wielu przypadkach wykazuje działanie lecznicze. W artykule zwrócono także uwagę na bezpieczeństwo stosowania limonenu, czego dowodem są opisywane w literaturze wyniki doświadczeń przeprowadzonych na ludziach i zwierzętach. Opisano również metabolizm limonenu w organizmie człowieka, a także badania nad alergizującym wpływem produktów utlenienia limonenu, zarówno izomeru S, jak i R. W badaniach podkreśla się znaczenie nadtlenków limonenu, które mają najsilniejsze właściwości alergizujące. Omówiono również badania, w których limonen wykazuje działanie antybakteryjnie, przeciwzapalnie i przeciwgrzybicze. W artykule opisano także działanie białka Ras w organizmie zdrowego człowieka, ukazano jego związek z kancerogenezą oraz przedstawiono badania, w których limonen działa przeciwnowotworowo, m.in. poprzez hamowanie prenylacji tego białka. Praca dostarcza informacji o inicjacji przez limonen I i II fazy metabolizmu kancerogenów katalizowanego przez cytochrom P450. Wykazano, że limonen jest aktywnym związkiem zarówno w leczeniu, jak i profilaktyce przeciwnowotworowej. Do tej pory zbadano różne zastosowania limonenu, który był stosowany w leczeniu zgagi, kamicy dróg żółciowych, a także jako składnik żelu stosowanego miejscowo w reumatoidalnym zapaleniu stawów.Wyniki i wnioski: Limonen jest związkiem, który łatwo można pozyskać z odpadów, co jest niewątpliwą jego zaletą. Niedogodności w stosowaniu limonenu wiążą się z właściwościami alergizującymi produktów jego utleniania. W pracy ukazano liczne zastosowania limonenu w medycynie, będące powodem, dla którego warto skupić uwagę na dalszych badaniach nad tym związkiem. Jednym z bardzo ważnych kierunków mogłyby być badania nad zapobieganiem procesom utleniania tego związku.
Dolegliwości bólowe odcinka lędźwiowo-krzyżowego kręgosłupa u pracowników szczecińskich uczelni – anatomia funkcjonalna, diagnostyka, wybrane formy fizjoterapii
Authors: Jagucka-Mętel Wioletta , Machoy-Mokrzyńska Anna , Nowicki Adam , Sobolewska Ewa
Published: July 2018

ABSTRAKTW niniejszym opracowaniu zwrócono uwagę na występowanie dolegliwości bólowych odcinka lędźwiowo-krzyżowego u pracowników szczecińskich uczelni, będących pacjentami Poradni Fizjoterapii w Samodzielnym Publicznym Zakładzie Opieki Zdrowotnej Szkół Wyższych w Szczecinie. Przedstawiono zagadnienia dotyczące anatomii funkcjonalnej, patomechanizmu powstawania bólu tego odcinka kręgosłupa oraz diagnostyki i wybieranych form leczenia, ze zwróceniem szczególnej uwagi na zabiegi fizjoterapeutyczne. Zagadnienia te stanowią wprowadzenie do cyklu doniesień, które zostały opracowane na podstawie wyników uzyskanych podczas 2-letnich badań prowadzonych wśród pracowników szczecińskich szkół wyższych, u których zdiagnozowano zmiany w obrębie dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa. W przeprowadzonych badaniach zwrócono uwagę na następujące zaburzenia: zmiany krzywizny lędźwiowej (opublikowane w Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences), zaburzenia ze strony stawów krzyżowo-biodrowych, zmiany zwyrodnieniowe, uszkodzenia krążka międzykręgowego, zespół mięśnia gruszkowatego oraz otyłość – które zostaną szczegółowo przedstawione w kolejnych doniesieniach.
Determination of In-Situ Reservoir Absolute Permeability Under Multiphase-Flow Conditions Using Transient Well Testing
Authors: Kamal M. M. , Morsy S.. , Suleen F.. , Pan Y.. , Dastan A.. , Stuart M. R. , Mire E.. , Zakariya Z..
Published: July 2018

A new method is presented that uses transient well testing to determine the in-situ absolute permeability of the formation when three phases of fluids are flowing simultaneously in the reservoir. The method was verified through simulation using synthetic data, and its applicability and practicality were confirmed through application to field data. Determining the absolute permeability over the reservoir scale using readily available transient testing data will have major benefits in accelerating history matching and improving reservoir-performance prediction.

A recently developed method (Kamal and Pan 2010) to determine the in-situ absolute permeability under conditions of two-phase flow extended the applicability of transient well testing and has been adopted in commercial software. In this study,

We extend the analysis method to determine the absolute permeability and fluid saturations when three phases are flowing in the reservoir. We show that an optimization procedure is needed to obtain the required results in this case. We show that the theoretical bases for the method presented to determine absolute permeability from transient tests under multiphase-flow conditions are the same as those used in obtaining relative permeability relations from core analysis and predicting reservoir performance in reservoir-simulation studies.

The method presented in this study uses surface flow rates and the fluid properties of the three phases. It also uses the same relative permeability relations used in the simulation models, thus ensuring that the same permeability values calculated from field data are used in history matching and predicting the performance of the reservoir. It is assumed that the fluid saturations are relatively uniform in the region around the well at the time of the transient test. The method was verified by comparing the input values with the results obtained from analyzing several synthetic tests that were produced by numerical simulation. Data from a deepwater field were also used to test the practicality and validity of the method. For the field case, the method was verified by matching reservoir production and pressure using the calculated absolute permeability. Excellent agreements were obtained for both synthetic and field cases.
Performance Comparison of Algorithms for Real-Time Rate-of-Penetration Optimization in Drilling Using Data-Driven Models
Authors: Hegde Chiranth , Daigle Hugh , Gray Ken E.
Published: July 2018

Real-time drilling optimization is a topic of significant interest because of its economic value, and its importance increases particularly during periods of low oil prices. This paper evaluates different optimization strategies and algorithms for real-time optimization of an objective function (function to be optimized) specific to drilling. The objective function optimized here is derived from a data-driven (or machine-learning) model with an unknown functional form. A data-driven model has been used to calculate the objective function [rate of penetration (ROP)] because it has been shown to be more efficient in ROP prediction relative to deterministic models (Hegde and Gray 2017). The data-driven ROP model is built using machine-learning algorithms; measured drilling parameters [weight on bit (WOB), revolutions per minute (rev/min), strength of rock, and flow rate] are used as inputs to predict the ROP.

Real-time drilling optimization that is data-driven is challenging because of run-time constraints. This is perceived as a handicap for data-driven models because their functional form is unknown, making them more difficult to optimize. This paper evaluates algorithms depending on their ability to best maximize the objective (ROP) and their time effectiveness. Two simple yet robust algorithms, the eyeball method and the random-search method, are presented as plausible solutions to this problem. These methods are then compared with popular metaheuristic algorithms, evaluating the tradeoff between improvement in the objective (search for a global optimal) and the computational time of run.

Using results from the simulations conducted in this paper, we concluded that data-driven models can be used for real-time drilling despite their computational constraints by choosing the right optimization algorithm. The best tradeoff in terms of ROP increase as well as computational efficiency evaluated in this paper is the simplex algorithm. The ROP was improved by 30% on average with a variance of 2.5% in the test set over 14 formations that were tested.
Survival Analysis of Plants Grown in Long‐Term Field Experiments
Authors: Załuski Dariusz , Mielniczuk Jacek , Bronowicka‐Mielniczuk Urszula , Stolarski Mariusz J. , Krzyżaniak Michał , Szczukowski Stefan , Tworkowski Józef
Published: July 2018

Core Ideas

The probability distribution of plant survival was presented.

A new HS‐II Mielniczuk lifetime distribution model was presented for the first time.

Smith–Bain distribution was the optimal model for willow density of 24,000 plants ha−1.

The HS‐II Mielniczuk was the optimal model for willow densities of 48,000 and 96,000 ha−1.

Plant survival was evaluated in a statistical analysis. The analysis was conducted based on data from a long‐term field experiment where five willow (Salix L.) genotypes were grown at four densities (12,000, 24,000, 48,000, and 96,000 ha−1) in a plantation with an annual harvesting cycle. Four exponential power distributions that best fit plant survival data were selected, including an alternative parametric distribution, which is presented for the first time in this study. The developed models supported predictions of the future distribution of willow plants in groups characterized by different planting density, willow cultivars, and clones. At the recommended density of 24,000 plants ha−1, the exponential power distribution proposed by Smith and Bain best fit willow survival time and the plantation’s productive lifespan. The new hyperbolic secant distribution was characterized by the highest explanatory power measured by Akaike information criterion, Schwarz’s Bayesian information criterion, and a heavy‐tailed distribution. This model was optimal for higher planting densities (48,000 and 96,000 ha−1) with significantly lower plant survival rates.
Carbon Dosing Increases Nitrate Removal Rates in Denitrifying Bioreactors at Low‐Temperature High‐Flow Conditions
Authors: Roser Marta B. , Feyereisen Gary W. , Spokas Kurt A. , Mulla David J. , Strock Jeffrey S. , Gutknecht Jessica
Published: July 2018

Nitrogen losses from croplands contribute to impairment of water bodies. This laboratory experiment evaluated various C sources for use in a denitrifying bioreactor, a conservation practice designed to reduce N losses. The nitrate removal efficiency of candidate treatments (corn cobs [CC], corn cobs with modified coconut coir [CC+MC], corn cobs with modified coconut coir and modified macadamia shell biochar [CC+MC+MBC], wood chips [WC], wood chips with hardwood biochar [WC+BC], and wood chips with continuous sodium acetate addition [WC+A]) were tested with up‐flow direction. Effluent was sampled after a repeated weekly flow regime with hydraulic residence times of 1.5, 8, 12, and 24 h. Column temperatures were 15°C for 14 wk (warm), 5°C for 13 wk (cold), and again 15°C for 7 wk (rewarm). Cumulative nitrate N load reduction was greatest for WC+A (80, 80, and 97% during the warm, cold, and rewarm runs, respectively). Corn cob treatments (CC, CC+MC, and CC+MC+MBC) had the second greatest cumulative load reductions for all three temperature experiments, and WC and WC+BC had the lowest performance under these conditions. The nitrate removal rate was optimum at the 1.5‐h hydraulic residence time for the WC+A treatment: 43, 30, and 121 g N m−3 d−1 for the warm, cold, and rewarm runs, respectively. Furthermore, acetate addition greatly improved wood chip performance and could be used to enhance nitrate N removal under the cold and high‐flow‐rate conditions of springtime drainage for the north‐central United States.

Core Ideas

Acetate dosing reduced nitrate load by one‐third at 5°C and <2‐h residence time.

Acetate dosing increased nitrate removal rate by an order of magnitude.

Biochars added to wood chips and corn cobs did not improve nitrate removal rates.

Nitrate removal rate of corn cobs exceeded that of wood chips.
Herbage Characteristics of Pintoi Peanut and Paslisadegrass Established as Monoculture or Mixed Swards
Authors: Alencar N. M. , Vendramini J. M. B. , dos Santos A. C. , Silveira M. L. , Dubeux J. C. B. , Sousa L. F. , Neiva J. N. M.
Published: July 2018

Pintoi peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapovickas & Gregory) is a warm‐season perennial legume that has been used in grass–legume mixtures; however, management practices to successfully establish pintoi into warm‐season grass swards have not been fully examined. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate different sward compositions and methods of establishment of pintoi peanut or pintoi peanut–palisadegrass [Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) R.D. Webster] mixed swards. The first experiment evaluated pintoi peanut and palisadegrass established as monocultures or in a pintoi peanut–palisadegrass mixture. Pintoi peanut ground cover and density was greater for pintoi peanut than pintoi peanut–palisadegrass mixed swards (29 vs. 8%, and 42 vs. 19 plants m−2 for ground cover and density, respectively). Concomitant seeding of pintoi peanut and palisadegrass showed no negative effect on palisadegrass herbage mass (HM). In the overseeding experiment, treatments were: (i) peanut interseeded into glyphosate‐treated rows subsequently strip tilled into prepared seedbed strips (0.4 m) with intervening untilled areas (2 m); (ii) peanut no‐till seeded into glyphosate‐treated rows (0.4 m) with intervening untilled areas (2 m); and (iii) an undisturbed sward of palisadegrass with no pintoi peanut. Prepared seedbed and no‐till treatments had similar pintoi ground cover (2.9%), density (8.7 plants m−2), spread (11.7 cm), and HM (170 kg ha−1 yr−1). Glyphosate treatment of rows followed by no‐till seeding was an effective strategy to establish pintoi peanut into palisadegrass swards. Pintoi peanut contribution during the early stages after establishment is insufficient to generate sufficient biological N fixation and produce forage for livestock.
Measuring Soil Water Content with Ground Penetrating Radar: A Decade of Progress
Authors: Klotzsche A. , Jonard F. , Looms M.C. , van der Kruk J. , Huisman J.A.
Published: July 2018

Core Ideas

There has been tremendous progress in GPR as a tool for soil water content determination.

Numerous studies have shown the potential of GPR to detect and map SWC.

We highlight new possibilities and achievements for GPR acquisition and processing strategies.

Quantitative SWC detection and hydrological parameter estimation are possible using GPR.

We encourages other communities to embrace GPR as a tool for SWC determination.

Tremendous progress has been made with respect to ground penetrating radar (GPR) equipment, data acquisition, and processing since the establishment of GPR as a tool for soil water content determination in vadose zone hydrology about 25 yr ago. In this update, we aim to provide a critical overview of recent advances in vadose zone applications of GPR with a particular focus on new possibilities for multi‐offset and borehole GPR measurements, the development of quantitative off‐ground GPR methods, full‐waveform inversion of GPR measurements, the potential of time‐lapse GPR measurements for process investigations and hydrological parameter estimation, and recent improvements in GPR instrumentation. We hope that this update encourages the soil hydrology, groundwater, and critical zone community to embrace GPR as a viable tool for soil water content determination and the elucidation of subsurface hydrological processes.
Awake tracheal placement of the Tritube® under flexible bronchoscopic guidance
Authors: Jeyarajah Kayathrie , Ahmad Imran
Published: July 2018

A 71‐year‐old male with hoarse voice was referred to our institution for panendoscopy. Previous radiotherapy for piriform fossa carcinoma resulted in a 'radiotherapy neck' and reduced neck extension. He also had a background of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In view of his anticipated difficult airway combined with airway pathology and COPD, we opted for awake tracheal placement of a novel tracheal tube, the Tritube®, and ventilation using the Evone® ventilator (Ventinova Medical B.V., Eindhoven, Netherlands). After successful awake placement of the flexible bronchoscope, the Tritube® was passed alongside, guided by a silk suture which was inserted through the lumen of the tube and then tied over the bronchoscope. Once correct placement was confirmed, the patient was successfully ventilated throughout the procedure with the Evone® ventilator. The narrow lumen of the Tritube® allowed adequate surgical access with the advantage of a definitive airway, whilst continuous ventilation was delivered. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an awake tracheal placement of the Tritube® with ventilation via the Evone®ventilator.
Recovery of particulate matter from a high-rate moving bed biofilm reactor by high-rate dissolved air flotation
Authors: Sanchez Oscar , Labelle Marc-André , Gadbois Alain , Laflamme Edith , Dold Peter L. , Laporte Antoine , Comeau Yves
Published: July 2018

High-rate biological wastewater treatment processes for carbon recovery are able to improve the energy balance and carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities. Combination of a high-rate moving bed biofilm reactor (HR-MBBR) with a rapid flotation (HR-DAF), as a replacement for the ‘A stage’ of the A-B process, can achieve this objective. The main goal of this study was to maximize the capture of biodegradable particulate matter from an HR-MBBR effluent by an HR-DAF. A pilot-scale HR-DAF process was operated downstream of an HR-MBBR treating screened municipal wastewater. The particulate biodegradable matter recovery was evaluated by determining the total suspended solids (TSS) removal efficiency. TSS recovery in experiments without chemicals at low surface loading rates (<15 m/h) and high recycle ratio (>25%) was 94 ± 1%. By using a tannin-based polymer, the solids capture efficiency of the HR-DAF was slightly improved with TSS recovery reaching 96 ± 1% at a high SLR (at least 22 m/h) and low recycle ratio (14%). The anaerobic biodegradability of the tannin tested was determined to be 17%. The HR-DAF process downstream of an HR-MBBR gave a very good particulate matter recovery that offers a promising alternative to the A-B process for carbon recovery.
Evaluating water resources allocation in arid areas of northwest China using a projection pursuit dynamic cluster model
Authors: Yue Chun-fang , Wang Qing-jie , Li Yi-zhen
Published: July 2018

Water resources allocation decision-making in an arid region should consider the interaction of the economy, the environment, society, resources and other factors. In this paper, an index system for the comprehensive evaluation of water resources allocation in arid areas is established in response to the shortage of water resources, over-utilization of groundwater, and an unreasonable structure of agricultural water demand in the arid region of northwest China. It has been formulated based on current river basin water resources allocation practices and consideration of the fairness, efficiency and resource utilization rationality of water resources allocation. The projection tracking dynamic clustering approach was applied to analyze alternative water resource allocation schemes in the Kiz River Basin. It is concluded that the evaluation results demonstrate the following. (1) The PPDC model takes the actual measured value of the index as the basis for comprehensive evaluation, and it avoids the bias caused by the subjective formulation of weights. An optimal allocation scheme that has higher annual comprehensive benefits can better serve regional water resources management. (2) A projection pursuit dynamic cluster approach can deliver results which are more objective and reliable than existing evaluation approaches for water resources allocation. (3) Grey correlation analysis and projection tracking dynamic clustering are basically consistent with the evaluation results for water resources allocation in the Kiz River Basin. This suggests that the projection pursuit dynamic cluster is suitable for the evaluation of water resources allocation schemes.
Coronary No-Reflow Phenomenon in Clinical Practice
Authors: Scarpone Marialuisa , Cenko Edina , Manfrini Olivia
Published: July 2018

Timely delivered coronary revascularization with no residual anatomical stenosis does not always lead
to prompt restoration of anterograde coronary flow and complete myocardial reperfusion. This condition is
known as coronary no-reflow and is associated with major clinical adverse events and poor prognosis. The pathophysiology
of no-reflow phenomenon is still poorly understood. Proposed mechanisms include distal microembolization
of thrombus and plaque debris, ischemic injury, endothelial dysfunction and individual susceptibility to
microvascular dysfunction/obstruction. Older age, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, prolonged ischemic time,
hemodynamic instability, high thrombus burden, complex angiographic lesions and multivessel disease are frequently
reported to be associated with the no-reflow phenomenon. There is no general consensus on the correct
prevention and management of no-reflow. Non-pharmacological measures such as distal embolic protection devices
and manual thrombus aspiration did not result in improved flow or reduction of infarct size. Current preventive
measures include reduction of time from symptoms onset to reperfusion therapy, and intracoronary administration
of vasodilators such as adenosine, verapamil or nitroprusside.
Synthesis of 3-Arylindazole-1-acetic Acids and In Vitro Study of Potential Antibacterial Effect
Authors: Chattha Fauzia Anjum , Kousar Samina , Mehr-un-Nisa  , Munawar Munawar Ali
Published: July 2018

Background:

Indazoleacetic acids and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts have been
claimed to be useful as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agents. They are active in the
treatment of respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, allergies and obstructive pulmonary
diseases.

Objectives: We report herein a feasible study concerned about the design, synthesis, structure and in
vitro antimicrobial activity of 3-arylindazole-1-acetic acids derivatives. Series of compounds were
synthesized by alkylation of 3-arylindazoles.

Method:

Synthesized compounds were subjected to study the effect on microbial growth in vitro.
All synthesized compounds were found to exhibit antibacterial activities against a range of grampositive
(Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Shigella sonnei,
Escherichia coli) by broth dilution method.

Results:

The synthesized compounds exhibited antibacterial activities comparable to fluoroquinolones
and some compounds exhibited better activity. These findings suggest a great potential of
3-arylindazole-1-acetic acids as antibacterial compounds.

Conclusion:

3-Arylindazole-1-acetic acids are potent antimicrobial agent better than their respective
3-arylindazoles that revealed moderate activity against both gram positive and gram negative
bacteria.
Lectotypification of the name Gymnostachyum canescens (Acanthaceae)
Authors: M.C. Shameer , V.K. Sreenivas
Published: July 2018

The lectotype of Gymnostachyum canescens (Nees) T. Anderson is designated here.