bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Kandungan Formalin dan Kesegaran Daging Sapi dengan Image Processing
Authors: Abdul Azis Sayyid , Zulaika Zulaika , Febriansyah Aan , Khasanah Nur
Published: March 2024

The lack of public understanding in distinguishing between fresh and spoiled meat, coupled with the unrestricted use of formalin, provides opportunities for unscrupulous traders to gain greater profits. Therefore, the development of image processing for beef freshness and formalin identification is necessary. This image processing utilizes the YOLO method, while formalin identification is done using an HCHO sensor. The system was tested every 2 hours, starting from 9:00 AM, revealing that at 9:00 AM, fresh meat was identified with a 87.89% accuracy, at 11:00 AM, fresh meat was identified with a 74.43% accuracy, and at 1:00 PM, spoiled meat was identified with a 38.85% accuracy. The results indicate that the longer the meat is left untreated, the more its freshness diminishes, eventually being identified as spoiled meat. For formalin identification in beef, results from 4 samples show that the longer the meat is exposed to formalin solution, the higher the volatility of the sensor, indicating the presence of formalin in the meat.
REPRESENTASI IDEOLOGI PATRIARKI DALAM SERIAL ANIMASI NUSSA DAN RARRA
Authors: Novi Dwi Gitawati  , Fitra Mandela
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Sebagai serial animasi yang populer, terdapat banyak penelitian yang menjadikan serial animasi Nussa dan Rarra sebagai objeknya. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut umumnya memaparkan mengenai dampak positif yang ditimbulkan kedua serial animasi tersebut pada penonton anak-anak. Dengan menawarkan perspektif berbeda, yaitu perspektif feminisme, tulisan ini ditujukan sebagai kritik terhadap perepresentasian peran bias gender yang terdapat dalam serial animasi Nussa dan Rarra. Dengan pendekatan semiotika, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelisik struktur sosial patriarki yang ditampilkan dalam kedua serial tersebut dengan mendasarkan pada 6 struktur sosial patriarki Walby. Hasil analisis dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya paparan ideologi patriarki dalam kedua serial tersebut melalui penokohan Umma dan Abba pada struktur hubungan patriarki dengan institusi budaya serta dengan pekerjaan rumah tangga yang mana Umma dan Abba ditampilkan berperan sesuai dengan stereotip patriarkis peran gender mereka. Perepresentasian ideologi patriarki ini diwujudkan melalui penokohan dan ekspektasi tokoh lain terhadap peran Umma dan Abba.

Kata kunci: patriarki, penokohan, gender

 

Abstract

As the popular animated series, there have been many studies that use Nussa and Rarra animation series as the object. These studies generally describe the positive impact that these two animated series have on children. By offering a different perspective, namely the perspective of feminism, this paper is intended as a critique of the representation of gender bias in the animated series Nussa and Rarra. Using a semiotic approach, this study aims to examine the patriarchal social structure shown in the two series based on Walby's 6 patriarchal social structures. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that patriarchal ideology is inserted in both series through the characterizations of Umma and Abba in the structures of culture and housework in which Umma and Abba are portrayed according to their patriarchal gender role stereotypes. The representation of this patriarchal ideology is manifested through characterizations and other figures' expectations of the roles of Umma and Abba.

Keywords: patriarchy, characterization, gender
Bauran Pemasaran dan Demografi Pelanggan Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran Ritel dengan Assortment sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Falih Nicko , Sasana Hadi , Rahardjo Budi
Published: March 2024

Toko ritel di kawasan Mertoyudan yang disponsori oleh Sampoerna Ritel Comunnity (SRC) mengalami penurunan penjualan secara berkala terus menerus. Ketua SRC mengkonfirmasi terjadi penurunan dikarenkan banyak keluhan dari konsumen yang tidak mendapatkan barang yang mereka cari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pelanggan toko ritel SRC di Mertoyudan, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS SEM) dan diolah menggunakan software Smart PLS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel bauran pemasaran memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasran. Assortment dan demografi pelanggan memiliki pengaruh yang nyata atau signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Assortment memiliki peran no mediation terhadap hubungan antara bauran pemasaran dengan kinerja pemasaran. Assortment memiliki peran partial mediation terhadap hubungan demografi pelanggan terhadap kinerja pemasaran.
Effectiveness of Implementing the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Poverty Alleviation Efforts
Authors: Pratidina Ginung , Sugiawan Putri Yunita , Apriliani Afmi , Wahyudin Cecep
Published: March 2024

The issue of poverty in Indonesia is in the spotlight, and it is immensely difficult to resolve. the Government of the Republic of Indonesia, through the Ministry of Social Affairs, has several social programs to solve poverty, one of which is the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT). However, in implementing this program there are still several obstacles, one of which is a lack of community outreach. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of the BPNT program implementation in Caringin District, Bogor Regency. n which the research data is presented according to actual events and then analyzed descriptively. The data collection techniques used interviews and documentation. According to the study's findings, implementing the Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) program in Caringin District, Bogor Regency, is considered quite well implemented and effective. This assessment is based on effectiveness indicators by the theory put forward by Sutrisno (2016: 125-126). Some factors influence the effectiveness of this program's implementation, specifically the indicators of goal achievement, which can be seen in the Achievement of Goal indicators and the Real Change indicators. The indicators of understanding the program, being on target, and being on time are the factors impeding the effectiveness of this program's implementation.
Anatomic Characteristics of Ultrasound Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint at Rest and in Various Jaw Positions in Healthy Individuals: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Dominguese David J.
Published: March 2024

This study examined the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy and biomechanics using Ultrasound (US) imaging to examine the TMJ anatomy at rest and in various positions of normal jaw movement in healthy individuals. A secondary aim was to describe US imaging parameters used to visually observed the TMJ. The study included 11 participants (8 M and 3 F; 22.9 ± 3.4 yrs) University with no history of TMJ problems. All 11 participants had some atypical anatomy (flat mandibular head, altered articular disc shape, displacement or deformation of the disc during movement) while using US imagining. No participants had current pain or dysfunction and none met the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Dysfunction (DC-TMD) classifications for the condition. Most participants denied symptoms during testing, although one participant did have pain with retrusion and another had popping without pain. This study in part has added to the growing interest of using US imaging as modality to investigate the anatomy and biomechanics of the TMJ and the relationship to TMD. Future studies are warranted to examine TMJ anatomy and biomechanics via US imaging in order to provide further recommendations on the techniques and settings for the modality for the end-user.
CAPITAL STRUCTURE DAN PROFITABILITY PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Nurhaeda Andi , Basmar Nur Azizah
Published: March 2024

Capital structure yang optimal yang disertai dengan kombinasi yang optimal atas pendanaan untuk kebutuhan investasi dapat meningkatkan nilai perusahaan dari profitabilitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh capital structure yang terdiri dari long term debt (LTD), short term debt (STD), dan total debt to equity (TDE) terhadap profitability, yaitu return on asset (ROA). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari 137 laporan keuangan tahun 2015 sampai 2019 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesi. Data diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel independen, yaitu LTD (X1), STD (X2), dan TDE (X3) terhadap variabel dependen, yaitu profitability. Sementara secara simultan, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel independen, yaitu LTD (X1) dan TDE (X3) terhadap variabeldependen, yaitu profitability. Adapun variabel STD (X2) dikeluarkan dari model analisis karenadapat memperlemah hasil penelitian.
Aproximando-se da cultura dos indí­genas Guarani-Mbyá: vivenciando o uso de blog e fotografias digitais nas aulas de História e Geografia
Authors: Theves Denise Wildner , Iriondo Otero Walter Ruben
Published: March 2024

O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória, qualitativa e aplicada, desenvolvida junto a alunos do 5º ano de uma Escola da cidade de Lajeado/RS, que procurou identificar as vantagens e os desafios da utilização de um bloge e fotografias digitais no processo ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina de Estudos Geográficos e Históricos. Trabalhou-se com blog e com fotografias digitais como formas de registro de conhecimentos e como ferramentas de comunicação inseridas em uma proposta pedagógica que almejou criar contextos de interação, colaboração e aprendizagem. Constatou-se que o uso dessas mí­dias provocou envolvimento e participação por parte dos alunos, que eles se sentiram atraí­dos pelas diferentes linguagens e propostas apresentadas; que a interação no blog não precisa seguir um caminho linear e que esta foi uma ferramenta através da qual as famí­lias dos alunos também puderam aproximar-se dos assuntos estudados na escola, oportunizando um diálogo para além do ambiente escolar. Também se constatou que os alunos, mesmo inseridos num universo tecnológico, apresentam dificuldade em se apropriar das tecnologias em tela em benefí­cio do processo de aprendizagem.
Impact of obesity on airway remodeling in asthma: pathophysiological insights and clinical implications
Authors: Listyoko Aditya Sri , Okazaki Ryota , Harada Tomoya , Inui Genki , Yamasaki Akira
Published: March 2024

The prevalence of obesity among asthma patients has surged in recent years, posing a significant risk factor for uncontrolled asthma. Beyond its impact on asthma severity and patients' quality of life, obesity is associated with reduced lung function, increased asthma exacerbations, hospitalizations, heightened airway hyperresponsiveness, and elevated asthma-related mortality. Obesity may lead to metabolic dysfunction and immune dysregulation, fostering chronic inflammation characterized by increased pro-inflammatory mediators and adipocytokines, elevated reactive oxygen species, and reduced antioxidant activity. This chronic inflammation holds the potential to induce airway remodeling in individuals with asthma and obesity. Airway remodeling encompasses structural and pathological changes, involving alterations in the airway's epithelial and subepithelial layers, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, and changes in airway vascularity. In individuals with asthma and obesity, airway remodeling may underlie heightened airway hyperresponsiveness and increased asthma severity, ultimately contributing to the development of persistent airflow limitation, declining lung function, and a potential increase in asthma-related mortality. Despite efforts to address the impact of obesity on asthma outcomes, the intricate mechanisms linking obesity to asthma pathophysiology, particularly concerning airway remodeling, remain incompletely understood. This comprehensive review discusses current research investigating the influence of obesity on airway remodeling, to enhance our understanding of obesity's role in the context of asthma airway remodeling.
Optimization of number and range of shunt valve performance levels in infant hydrocephalus: a machine learning analysis
Authors: Waterstraat Mark Graham , Dehghan Arshia , Gholampour Seifollah
Published: March 2024

Shunt surgery is the main treatment modality for hydrocephalus, the leading cause of brain surgery in children. The efficacy of shunt surgery, particularly in infant hydrocephalus, continues to present serious challenges in achieving improved outcomes. The crucial role of correct adjustments of valve performance levels in shunt outcomes has been underscored. However, there are discrepancies in the performance levels of valves from different companies. This study aims to address this concern by optimizing both the number and range of valve performance levels for infant hydrocephalus, aiming for improved shunt surgery outcomes. We conducted a single-center cohort study encompassing infant hydrocephalus cases that underwent initial shunt surgery without subsequent failure or unimproved outcomes. An unsupervised hierarchical machine learning method was utilized for clustering and reporting the valve drainage pressure values for all patients within each identified cluster. The optimal number of clusters corresponds to the number of valve performance levels, with the valve drainage pressure ranges within each cluster indicating the pressure range for each performance level. Comparisons based on the Silhouette coefficient between 3-7 clusters revealed that this coefficient for the 4-cluster (4-performance level) was at least 28.3% higher than that of other cluster formations in terms of intra-cluster similarity. The Davies-Bouldin index for the 4-performance level was at least 37.2% lower than that of other configurations in terms of inter-cluster dissimilarity. Cluster stability, indicated by a Jaccard index of 71% for the 4-performance level valve, validated the robustness, reliability, and repeatability of our findings. Our suggested optimized drainage pressure ranges for each performance level (1.5–5.0, 5.0–9.0, 9.0–15.0, and 15.0–18.0 cm H2O) may potentially assist neurosurgeons in improving clinical outcomes for patients with shunted infantile hydrocephalus.
Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 ubiquitinates tumor suppressor APC to modulate Hippo and Wnt signaling
Authors: Byerly Caitlan D. , Zhu Bing , Warwick Paityn A. , Patterson LaNisha L. , Pittner Nicholas A. , McBride Jere W.
Published: March 2024

Ehrlichia chaffeensis: TRP120 is a multifunctional effector that acts as a ligand mimic to activate evolutionary conserved eukaryotic signaling pathways Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog and Hippo. In addition, TRP120 is also a HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase known to ubiquitinate several host cell regulatory proteins (FBW7, PCGF5 and ENO-1) for degradation. We previously determined that TRP120 ubiquitinates the Notch negative regulator, FBW7, to maintain Notch signaling and promote infection. In this study, we investigated a potential mechanism used by Ehrlichia chaffeensis to maintain Hippo and Wnt signaling by ubiquitinating the tumor suppressor, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a negative regulator of Wnt and Hippo signaling. We determined that APC was rapidly degraded during E. chaffeensis infection despite increased APC transcription. Moreover, RNAi knockdown of APC significantly increased E. chaffeensis infection and coincided with increased active Yap and β-catenin in the nucleus. We observed strong nuclear colocalization between TRP120 and APC in E. chaffeensis-infected THP-1 cells and after ectopic expression of TRP120 in HeLa cells. Additionally, TRP120 interacted with both APC full length and truncated isoforms via co-immunoprecipitation. Further, TRP120 ubiquitination of APC was demonstrated in vitro and confirmed by ectopic expression of a TRP120 HECT Ub ligase catalytic site mutant. This study identifies APC as a TRP120 HECT E3 Ub ligase substrate and demonstrates that TRP120 ligase activity promotes ehrlichial infection by degrading tumor suppressor APC to positively regulate Hippo and Wnt signaling.
An in vivo BSL-2 model for henipavirus infection based on bioluminescence imaging of recombinant Cedar virus replication in mice
Authors: Huaman Celeste , Clouse Caitlyn , Rader Madeline , Yan Lianying , Bai Shuangyi , Gunn Bronwyn M. , Amaya Moushimi , Laing Eric D. , Broder Christopher C. , Schaefer Brian C.
Published: March 2024

Henipaviruses are enveloped single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses of the paramyxovirus family. Two henipaviruses, Nipah virus and Hendra virus, cause a systemic respiratory and/or neurological disease in humans and ten additional species of mammals, with a high fatality rate. Because of their highly pathogenic nature, Nipah virus and Hendra virus are categorized as BSL-4 pathogens, which limits the number and scope of translational research studies on these important human pathogens. To begin to address this limitation, we are developing a BSL-2 model of authentic henipavirus infection in mice, using the non-pathogenic henipavirus, Cedar virus. Notably, wild-type mice are highly resistant to Hendra virus and Nipah virus infection. However, previous work has shown that mice lacking expression of the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR-KO mice) are susceptible to both viruses. Here, we show that luciferase-expressing recombinant Cedar virus (rCedV-luc) is also able to replicate and establish a transient infection in IFNAR-KO mice, but not in wild-type mice. Using longitudinal bioluminescence imaging (BLI) of luciferase expression, we detected rCedV-luc replication as early as 10 h post-infection. Viral replication peaks between days 1 and 3 post-infection, and declines to levels undetectable by bioluminescence imaging by 7 days post-infection. Immunohistochemistry is consistent with viral infection and replication in endothelial cells and other non-immune cell types within tissue parenchyma. Serology analyses demonstrate significant IgG responses to the Cedar virus surface glycoprotein with potent neutralizing activity in IFNAR-KO mice, whereas antibody responses in wild-type animals were non-significant. Overall, these data suggest that rCedV-luc infection of IFNAR-KO mice represents a viable platform for the study of in vivo henipavirus replication, anti-henipavirus host responses and henipavirus-directed therapeutics.
Emergence of pandrug-resistant carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in dogs and cats: a cross-sectional study in Egypt
Authors: Tartor Yasmine H. , Ammar Ahmed M. , Abdelkhalek Adel , Hassan Khlood A. , Shaker Asmaa , Elnahriry Shimaa S. , Nekouei Omid , Elsohaby Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

One of the most important emerging health problems is the increasing role of animals in the rapid global rise in resistance to last-resort antibiotics, such as carbapenems. However, there is limited information on the role of pet animals in harboring and spreading pandrug-resistant (PDR) carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), especially in Egypt. This cross-sectional study was conducted to screen for CPE in healthy and diseased pets using phenotypic and molecular methods and the NG-Test CARBA 5 immunochromatographic assay. Rectal swabs were collected from 62 dogs and 48 cats, incubated overnight in tryptic soy broth containing 10 μg of meropenem disc and subsequently cultured on MacConkey agar supplemented with meropenem (1 mg/L). Sixty-six isolates (60.6%), including 56 Klebsiella pneumoniae, seven Escherichia coli, and three K. oxytoca isolates, were confirmed to be carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) by the disc diffusion method, broth microdilution test, CNPt-direct, and PCR assay targeting carbapenemase genes. Forty-three (65.2%) dogs and 23 (34.8%) cats carried CPE. Of these, 35 (70.0%) were healthy (including 27 dogs and 8 cats) and 31 (52.5%) were diseased (including 16 dogs and 15 cats). blaOXA-181 was the most common gene detected (42/66, 63.6%), followed by blaIMP (40/66, 60.6%), blaOXA−48−like (29/66, 43.9%), blaKPC and blaVIM (20/66, 30.3% each), and blaNDM (17/66, 25.8%). The identified genotypes were blaKPC-2, blaIMP-1, blaVIM-1, blaNDM-1, and blaNDM-5. The CARBA 5 assay showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the detection of NDM, OXA and KPC than that for VIM and IMP genes. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of CRE isolates revealed 20 PDR, 30 extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and 16 multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. This study provides evidence of colonization with PDR CPE in dogs and cats. To manage the infection or colonization of pets in veterinary clinical settings, extended surveillance systems should be considered, and the use of critical antibiotics should be strictly controlled.
Deciphering the role of female reproductive tract microbiome in reproductive health: a review
Authors: Gao Hong , Liu Qiao , Wang Xiaolan , Li Ting , Li Huanhuan , Li Genlin , Tan Lingling , Chen Yahui
Published: March 2024

Relevant studies increasingly indicate that female reproductive health is confronted with substantial challenges. Emerging research has revealed that the microbiome interacts with the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, which are the cornerstone of maintaining female reproductive health and preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Currently, the precise mechanisms underlying their interaction and impact on physiological functions of the reproductive tract remain elusive, constituting a prominent area of investigation within the field of female reproductive tract microecology. From this new perspective, we explore the mechanisms of interactions between the microbiome and the anatomy, histology, and immunity of the female reproductive tract, factors that affect the composition of the microbiome in the female reproductive tract, as well as personalized medicine approaches in managing female reproductive tract health based on the microbiome. This study highlights the pivotal role of the female reproductive tract microbiome in maintaining reproductive health and influencing the occurrence of reproductive tract diseases. These findings support the exploration of innovative approaches for the prevention, monitoring and treatment of female reproductive tract diseases based on the microbiome.
Detection and quantification of natural Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti in Metropolitan Manila, Philippines using locally designed primers
Authors: Reyes Jerica Isabel L. , Suzuki Takahiro , Suzuki Yasutsugu , Watanabe Kozo
Published: March 2024

Background

The Philippines bears health and economic burden caused by high dengue cases annually. Presently, the Philippines still lack an effective and sustainable vector management. The use of Wolbachia, a maternally transmitted bacterium, that mitigate arbovirus transmission has been recommended. Cytoplasmic incompatibility and viral blocking, two characteristics that make Wolbachia suitable for vector control, depend on infection prevalence and density. There are no current Wolbachia release programs in the Philippines, and studies regarding the safety of this intervention. Here, we screened for Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti collected from Metropolitan Manila, Philippines. We designed location-specific primers for qPCR to test whether this improved Wolbachia detection in Ae. aegypti. We explored if host sex and Wolbachia strain could be potential factors affecting Wolbachia density.

Methods

Ae. aegypti mosquitoes (n=429) were screened for natural Wolbachia by taqman qPCR using location-specific Wolbachia surface protein primers (wspAAML) and known 16S rRNA primers. Samples positive for wspAAML (n=267) were processed for Sanger sequencing. We constructed a phylogenetic tree using IQ-TREE 2 to further characterize Wolbachia present in the Philippine Ae. aegypti. We then compared Wolbachia densities between Wolbachia groups and host sex. Statistical analyses were done using GraphPad Prism 9.0.

Results

Wolbachia prevalence for 16S rRNA (40%) and wspAAML (62%) markers were high. Wolbachia relative densities for 16S rRNA ranged from −3.84 to 2.71 and wspAAML from −4.02 to 1.81. Densities were higher in male than female mosquitoes. Wolbachia strains detected in Ae. aegypti clustered into supergroup B. Some 54% (123/226) of these sequences clustered under a group referred to here as “wAegML,” that belongs to the supergroup B, which had a significantly lower density than wAegB/wAlbB, and wAlbA strains.

Conclusion

Location-specific primers improved detection of natural Wolbachia in Ae. aegypti and allowed for relative quantification. Wolbachia density is relatively low, and differed between host sexes and Wolbachia strains. An economical way of confirming sporadic or transient Wolbachia in Ae. aegypti is necessary while considering host sex and bacterial strain.
The relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease, thyroid nodules and sleep traits: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Suijian , Wang Kui , Chen Xiaohong , Lin Shaoda
Published: March 2024

Background

Previous studies have suggested a potential association between Autoimmune thyroid disease Thyroid nodules and Sleep Traits, but the evidence is limited and controversial, and the exact causal relationship remains uncertain.

Objective

Therefore, we employed a MR analysis to investigate the causal relationship between Autoimmune thyroid disease, Thyroid nodules and Sleep Traits.

Methods

To explore the interplay between Autoimmune thyroid disease Thyroid nodules and Sleep Traits, we employed MR studies utilizing summary statistics derived from GWAS in individuals of European ancestry. To ensure robustness, multiple techniques were employed to assess the stability of the causal effect, including random-effect inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q value. Additionally, we investigated the presence of horizontal pleiotropy through MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO.

Results

The IVW method indicates a significant causal relationship between “Getting up” and autoimmune hypothyroidism, as revealed by the IVW method (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45 to 0.78, P-value = 1.99e-4). Additionally, there might be a potential correlation between sleep duration and autoimmune hypothyroidism (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.79, P-value = 0.024). Moreover, the observed potential positive link between daytime nap and thyroid nodules (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.58, P-value = 0.023) is subject to caution, as subsequent MR PRESSO testing reveals the presence of horizontal pleiotropy, raising concerns about the reliability of the findings. The findings suggested a potential inverse association between Autoimmune hypothyroidism and Getting up (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.00, P-value = 6.66e-3).As the results of MR-Egger method(OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.02, P-value = 0.742) exhibited an opposing trend to that observed with the IVW method and the results did not reach significance after P-value correction.

Conclusion

The results of our study reveal a notable cause-and-effect relationship between Getting up and Autoimmune hypothyroidism, indicating its potential role as a protective factor against this condition. However, no causal connection was observed between sleep traits and Graves’ disease or Thyroid nodules
Risk factors associated with changes in serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels before and after laparoscopic cystectomy for endometrioma
Authors: Zhang Chenyu , Li Xiaoyan , Dai Yi , Gu Zhiyue , Wu Yushi , Yan Hailan , Li Qiutong , Shi Jinghua , Leng Jinhua
Published: March 2024

Background

The objective of our study was to investigate the risk factors for a decrease in ovarian reserve in patients with endometriomas after standardized laparoscopic procedures and evaluation to provide corresponding clinical guidance for patients with fertility requirements.

Methods

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and other clinical data from 233 patients with endometriomas and 57 patients with non-endometrioma ovarian cysts admitted to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2018 and September 2023 were prospectively analysed. The pretreatment AMH levels of the study groups were compared to assess the impact of endometrioma on ovarian reserve, and the decrease in AMH after treatment was analysed to determine potential risk factors contributing to this change.

Results

Pretreatment AMH levels did not significantly differ between patients with endometriomas and those with non-endometrioma ovarian cysts. Within the endometrioma group, older age, higher body mass index (BMI), and shorter menstrual cycles were found to be associated with decreased AMH levels prior to treatment (p<0.05). Participants presenting with bilateral cysts, advanced surgical staging, or a completely enclosed Douglas pouch demonstrated significantly lower levels of AMH prior to treatment compared to those without these conditions (p<0.05). Furthermore, their AMH levels further declined within one year after undergoing laparoscopic cystectomy (p<0.05). However, there was no difference in AMH levels after surgery between patients who successfully became pregnant and those who did not (p>0.05).

Conclusion

Laparoscopic removal of endometriomas can adversely affect ovarian reserve, especially during bilateral cysts removal and when patients are diagnosed as having a higher stage of endometriosis, further impacting ovarian function. It should be noted that a decrease in AMH levels may not necessarily indicate an absolute decline in fertility. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct thorough patient evaluations and provide comprehensive patient education to offer appropriate guidance for fertility preservation.
Assessing the impact of marine renewable energy in Portugal: an analysis based on ACO-TCN-attention
Authors: Song Haoyan , Gao Jingran
Published: March 2024

As the global demand for renewable energy continues to increase, marine renewable energy has attracted much attention as a potential source of clean energy. As a country with rich marine resources, Portugal’s marine environment is of great significance to the development of marine energy. However, the current impact assessment of marine renewable energy projects has shortcomings such as incomplete understanding of ecosystems, incomplete consideration of fishery resources and socioeconomic impacts, lack of accuracy, and failure to consider geographical differences, thus lacking comprehensiveness and accuracy. To this end, we propose the ACO-TCN-Attention model to address these shortcomings in current impact assessments of marine renewable energy projects. The goal of this model is to provide a more comprehensive, precise and nuanced analysis to better understand the impacts of these projects on ecosystems, socio-economics and local communities. “ACO-TCN-Attention” is a model architecture that combines multiple machine learning and deep learning concepts. It includes three main parts: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) and Attention mechanism. The ant colony optimization model simulates the behavior of ants and is used to optimize the operating strategies of marine renewable energy projects. Temporal Convolutional Network specializes in processing time series data and improves the prediction accuracy of the model. The attention mechanism allows the model to dynamically focus on the pieces of information that are most important for the current task. Extensive experimental evaluation shows that our method performs well on multiple datasets, significantly outperforming other models. This research is of great significance as it provides new methods and tools for improving the environmental impact assessment of marine renewable energy projects. By understanding the potential impacts of projects more accurately, we can better balance the relationship between the development of renewable energy and environmental protection, supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. This research also provides useful guidance and reference for future research and practice in the field of marine energy.
The role of random forest and Markov chain models in understanding metropolitan urban growth trajectory
Authors: Badshah Muhammad Tariq , Hussain Khadim , Rehman Arif Ur , Mehmood Kaleem , Muhammad Bilal , Wiarta Rinto , Silamon Rato Firdaus , Khan Muhammad Anas , Meng Jinghui
Published: March 2024

Introduction

This study delves into the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and land cover (LULC) in a Metropolitan area over three decades (1991–2021) and extends its scope to forecast future scenarios from 2031 to 2051. The intent is to aid sustainable land management and urban planning by enabling precise predictions of urban growth, leveraging the integration of remote sensing, GIS data, and observations from Landsat satellites 5, 7, and 8.

Methods

The research employed a machine learning-based approach, specifically utilizing the random forest (RF) algorithm, for LULC classification. Advanced modeling techniques, including CA–Markov chains and the Land Change Modeler (LCM), were harnessed to project future LULC alterations, which facilitated the development of transition probability matrices among different LULC classes.

Results

The investigation uncovered significant shifts in LULC, influenced largely by socio-economic factors. Notably, vegetation cover decreased substantially from 49.21% to 25.81%, while forest cover saw an increase from 31.89% to 40.05%. Urban areas expanded significantly, from 7.55% to 25.59% of the total area, translating into an increase from 76.31 km2 in 1991 to 258.61 km2 in 2021. Forest area also expanded from 322.25 km2 to 409.21 km2. Projections indicate a further decline in vegetation cover and an increase in built-up areas to 371.44 km2 by 2051, with a decrease in forest cover compared to its 2021 levels. The predictive accuracy of the model was confirmed with an overall accuracy exceeding 90% and a kappa coefficient around 0.88.

Discussion

The findings underscore the model’s reliability and provide a significant theoretical framework that integrates socio-economic development with environmental conservation. The results emphasize the need for a balanced approach towards urban growth in the Islamabad metropolitan area, underlining the essential equilibrium between development and conservation for future urban planning and management. This study underscores the importance of using advanced predictive models in guiding sustainable urban development strategies.
Single nucleotide variants in nuclear pore complex disassembly pathway associated with poor survival in osteosarcoma
Authors: Jacobs James E. , Davis Lara , McWeeney Shannon
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

The bone tumor, osteosarcoma, remains challenging to treat in children and young adults, especially when patients present with metastatic disease. Developing new therapies based on genomic data from sequencing projects has proven difficult given the lack of recurrent genetic lesions across tumors. MYC overexpression has been associated with poor outcomes in osteosarcoma. However, other genomic markers of disease severity are lacking.

Materials and Methods:

We utilized whole genome sequencing of 106 tumors and matched normal controls in order to define genomic characteristics that correlate with overall survival. Single nucleotide variants were overlaid onto annotated molecular pathways in order to define aberrant pathway signatures specific to aggressive osteosarcoma. Additionally, we calculated differential gene expression in a subsample of 71 tumors. Differentially expressed genes were then queried for known MYC-responsive genes.

Results:

Molecular pathways specific to nuclear pore complex disassembly (NPCD) show significant correlation with poor overall survival in osteosarcoma when mutations were present. Genes involved in immune response and immune regulation are enriched in the differential expression analysis of samples with and without NPCD pathway aberrations. Furthermore, neither MYC nor MYC-responsive genes show differential expression between NPCD-aberrant and non-aberrant groups. The NPCD pathway mutations are dominated by regulatory region variants rather than protein-altering mutations, suggesting that dysregulation of genetic regulatory networks may be the underlying mechanism for their relation to osteosarcoma phenotype.

Discussion:

Overall survival is significantly worse in patients whose tumors show aberrations in the NPCD pathway. Moreover, this difference in survival is not driven by MYC-overexpression, suggesting a novel mechanism for some aggressive osteosarcomas. These findings add light to the evolving understanding of the drivers of osteosarcoma and may aid in the search for new treatments based on patient-specific genetic data.
Potential for natural hydrogen in Quebec (Canada): a first review
Authors: Séjourné Stephan , Comeau Félix-Antoine , Moreira dos Santos Maria Luisa , Bordeleau Geneviève , Claprood Maxime , Mouge Pascal , Mulliez Valentin , Malo Michel , Giroux Bernard , Gloaguen Erwan , Raymond Jasmin
Published: March 2024

The energy transition calls for natural hydrogen exploration, with most occurrences discovered either inadvertently or, more recently, at the location of potentially diffusive circles observed from a change of vegetation cover at the surface. However, some notable hydrogen occurrences are not directly associated with the presence of diffusive circles like the Bourakebougou field in Mali. Thus, the objective of this work was to highlight geological areas that have some potential to find natural hydrogen in Quebec, a Canadian province where no diffusive circles have yet been documented but which is rich in potential source rocks and where no exploration for natural hydrogen has been undertaken so far. A review of the different geological regions of Quebec was undertaken to highlight the relevant characteristics and geographical distribution of geological assemblages that may produce or have produced natural hydrogen, in particular, iron-rich rocks but also uranium-rich rocks, supramature shales and zones where significant structural discontinuities are documented or suspected, which may act as conduits for the migration of fluids of mantle origin. In addition to regional and local geological data, an inventory of available geochemical data is also carried out to identify potential tracers or proxies to facilitate subsequent exploration efforts. A rating was then proposed based on the quality of the potential source rocks, which also considers the presence of reservoir rocks and the proximity to end-users. This analysis allowed rating areas of interest for which fieldwork can be considered, thus minimizing the exploratory risks and investments required to develop this resource. The size of the study area (over 1.5 million km2), the diversity of its geological environments (from metamorphic cratons to sedimentary basins) and their wide age range (from Archean to Paleozoic) make Quebec a promising territory for natural hydrogen exploration and to test the systematic rating method proposed here.
Diminished neutralizing activity against the XBB1.5 strain in 55.9% of individuals post 6 months COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination: insights from a pseudovirus assay on 1,353 participants in the Fukushima vaccination community survey, Japan
Authors: Zhao Tianchen , Tani Yuta , Makino-Okamura Chieko , Takita Morihito , Yamamoto Chika , Kawahara Eiki , Abe Toshiki , Sugiura Sota , Yoshimura Hiroki , Uchiyama Taiga , Yamazaki Isato , Ishigame Harumichi , Ueno Takaharu , Okuma Kazu , Wakui Masatoshi , Fukuyama Hidehiro , Tsubokura Masaharu
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the neutralizing activity against the XBB1.5 variant and the ancestral strain in a population post-bivalent vaccination using a pseudo virus assay validated with authentic virus assay. While bivalent booster vaccination and past infections enhanced neutralization against the XBB 1.5 strain, individuals with comorbidities showed reduced responses. The study suggests the need for continuous vaccine updates to address emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and highlights the importance of monitoring real-world immune responses.
Causal effects of immune cell surface antigens and functional outcome after ischemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Sun Weiming , Gui Jiawei , Wan Keqi , Cai Yize , Dong Xiangli , Yu Guohua , Zheng Chafeng , Feng Zhen , Shuai Lang
Published: March 2024

Objective

While observational studies link immune cells with post-stroke functional outcome, the underlying immune mechanisms are not well understood. Immune cell surface antigens are actively involved in the biological behavior of immune cells, investigating immune cell surface antigens could deepen our comprehension of their role and biological processes in stroke recovery. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the immunological basis of stroke outcome by exploring the causal relationship between immune cell surface antigens and functional outcome after ischemic stroke in a Mendelian randomization study.

Methods

Genetic variants related to immune cell surface antigens and post-stroke functional outcome were selected for two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. 389 fluorescence intensities (MFIs) with surface antigens were included. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) modeling was used as the primary MR method to estimate the causal effect of exposure on the outcome, followed by several alternative methods and sensitivity analyses. Additional analysis of the association between immune cell surface antigens and risk of ischemic stroke for assessment of collider bias.

Results

We found that suggestive associations between CD20 on switched memory B cell (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.34, p = 0.036) and PDL-1 on monocyte (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.04-1.66, p = 0.022) and poor post-stroke functional outcome, whereas CD25 on CD39+ resting Treg (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62-0.96, p = 0.017) was suggestively associated with good post-stroke functional outcome.

Conclusion

The elevated CD20 on switched memory B cell, PDL-1 on monocyte, and CD25 on CD39+ resting Treg may be novel biomarkers and potential causal factors influencing post-stroke functional outcome.
Benefit analysis of the auto-verification system of intelligent inspection for microorganisms
Authors: Ou Yu-Hsiang , Chang Yung-Ta , Chen Ding-Ping , Chuang Chun-Wei , Tsao Kuo-Chien , Wu Chiu-Hsiang , Kuo An-Jing , You Huey-Ling , Huang Chung-Guei
Published: March 2024

In recent years, the automatic machine for microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests has been introduced into the microbiology laboratory of our hospital, but there are still many steps that need manual operation. The purpose of this study was to establish an auto-verification system for bacterial naming to improve the turnaround time (TAT) and reduce the burden on clinical laboratory technologists. After the basic interpretation of the gram staining results of microorganisms, the appearance of strain growth, etc., the 9 rules were formulated by the laboratory technologists specialized in microbiology for auto-verification of bacterial naming. The results showed that among 70,044 reports, the average pass rate of auto-verification was 68.2%, and the reason for the failure of auto-verification was further evaluated. It was found that the main causes reason the inconsistency between identification results and strain appearance rationality, the normal flora in the respiratory tract and urine that was identified, the identification limitation of the mass spectrometer, and so on. The average TAT for the preliminary report of bacterial naming was 35.2 h before, which was reduced to 31.9 h after auto-verification. In summary, after auto-verification, the laboratory could replace nearly 2/3 of manual verification and issuance of reports, reducing the daily workload of medical laboratory technologists by about 2 h. Moreover, the TAT on the preliminary identification report was reduced by 3.3 h on average, which could provide treatment evidence for clinicians in advance.
Serratia spp. as plant growth-promoting bacteria alleviating salinity, drought, and nutrient imbalance stresses
Authors: Kulkova Iryna , Wróbel Barbara , Dobrzyński Jakub
Published: March 2024

In agricultural environments, plants are often exposed to abiotic stresses including temperature extremes, salt stress, drought, and heavy metal soil contamination, which leads to significant economic losses worldwide. Especially salt stress and drought pose serious challenges since they induce ionic toxicity, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress in plants. A potential solution can be the application of bacteria of the Serratia spp. known to promote plant growth under normal conditions Thus the mini-review aims to summarize the current knowledge on plant growth promotion by Serratia spp. (under the conditions of salinity stress, drought, and nutrient deficit) and highlight areas for development in the field. So far, it has been proven that Serratia spp. strains exhibit a variety of traits contributing to enhanced plant growth and stress tolerance, such as phytohormone production, ACC deaminase activity, nitrogen fixation, P and Zn solubilization, antioxidant properties improvement, and modulation of gene expression. Nevertheless, further research on Serratia spp. is needed, especially on two subjects: elucidating its mechanisms of action on plants at the molecular level and the effects of Serratia spp. on the indigenous soil and plant microbiota and, particularly, the rhizosphere. In both cases, it is advisable to use omics techniques to gain in-depth insights into the issues. Additionally, some strains of Serratia spp. may be phytopathogens, therefore studies to rule out this possibility are recommended prior to field trials. It is believed that by improving said knowledge the potential of Serratia spp. to stimulate plant growth will increase and strains from the genus will serve as an eco-friendly biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture more often.
Deep-seabed mining: an environmental concern and a holistic social environmental justice issue
Authors: Cassotta Sandra , Goodsite Michael
Published: March 2024

This study provides an update on the current regulatory and institutional landscape of deep-seabed mining (DSM). This regime formation occurred at a unique historical moment characterized by noteworthy legal developments. This is primarily because it applies to an activity (exploitation) that has not yet commenced but is anticipated to commence in the near future, contingent on the finalization of the regulatory regime. The legal environmental framework of DSM presents numerous challenges and gaps; however, it also has potential significance, particularly in the context of the ongoing green energy transition. This study aims to examine the intricate interplay between law and technology, looking at the “law in context” within the broader context of justice and geopolitics and the environmental framework of the DSM industry and seeks to address the existing regulatory gaps. This underscores the importance of adopting a precautionary approach and advocates the meticulous determination of the appropriate type of precautionary approach to be employed in the future. By holistically scrutinizing DSM environmental law and policy and using the European Union and the Arctic as geopolitical-legal case studies, this article underscores that DSM is an environmental concern and a social environmental justice issue.