bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault tolerance in WSN through PE‐LEACH protocol
Authors: Mohapatra Hitesh , Rath Amiya Kumar
Published: July 2019

The fault is inevitable in case of the wireless sensor network (WSN) because of its remote deployment and constrained architecture. In literature, many algorithms have been proposed to address several types of fault in the WSN life‐cycle. In the context of fault tolerance, the clustering method has been adopted as a proven technique. Heintzelman et al. first considered the clustering technique and proposed the seminal low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm for fault handling in WSN. In this study, the authors propose a LEACH variant clustering convention called partitioned‐based energy‐efficient – LEACH (PE‐LEACH) protocol which tends to the energy‐based fault‐tolerant technique. They also study and present a taxonomy on LEACH variants. The execution of PE‐LEACH is analysed against its predecessors; hard‐computing based LEACH, energy‐efficient LEACH (E‐LEACH) convention and soft‐computing‐based energy‐swarm‐optimisation LEACH (ESO‐LEACH). They have found through their recreation that PE‐LEACH outperforms than LEACH and E‐LEACH separately whereas, for ESO‐LEACH the PE‐LEACH is a tough competitor.
Free radical scavenging activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles biosynthesised using Aspergillus carneus
Authors: Ghareib Mohamed , Abu Tahon Medhat , Abdallah Wafaa E. , Hussein Mahmoud
Published: July 2019

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were confirmed in this work as a good antioxidant source. They were biosynthesised by the preformed biomass of Aspergillus carneus when contacted with 1 mM zinc nitrate solution of pH 9 after 24 h at 150 rpm and 30°C. The biosynthesised NPs were moderately distributed, quasi‐spherical in shape with clear edges and the average size of 8–12 nm. The NPs retained full stability at 4°C for at least six months. Their zeta potential was found to be 18.3 mV. Crystalline nature of the ZnO NPs was suggested from diffraction rings appeared as lighted spots on the selected area electron diffraction pattern and confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction analysis. High radical scavenging activities (RSA) were found against peroxide () and 2,2–diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Good activities were also recorded against hydroxyl (OH−) and superoxide () radicals. This potential RSA can be rendered to the adsorbed biomolecules on the NPs surface especially the phenolic compounds detected by Fourier transform infrared analysis.
Emergency overflows – consequences of non-compliance with the construction law
Authors: Polarczyk Iwona , Fijewski Michał
Published: July 2019

The article is based on a technical opinion that specifies the causes of a construction disaster within an industrial hall that occurred after torrential rain. This article describes the condition before the disaster, provides an analysis of legislation along with a commentary on the analysis of provided materials, in particular - stormwater drainage installation projects from before and after the modernization of the roof - as well as a summary and conclusions.
Defects of sandwich walls
Authors: Stawiski Bohdan
Published: July 2019

Thermal protection of spaces contributes to the fact that sandwich walls dominate in heated buildings. Their design requires knowledge regarding the operating principles of sandwich systems. Without knowledge of these principles, numerous mistakes are made. The study describes mistakes encountered made during erection of triple-layer and double-layer walls. The effects of a shortage and excess of connecting pieces in triple-layer walls are presented. For double-layer walls, the necessity of insulation expansion joints is shown using an example. Using the tests, it is proven that the strength of the adhesive layer created during the autumn/winter transitional period is very heavily decreased, even more than 50%, which in connection with over-stiffened anchors leads to very numerous cracks, to the destruction of the external layer of insulation. High diffusion resistance of the external layer of insulation with low diffusion resistance (mineral wool) also leads to the destruction of the adhesive & plaster layer. Furthermore, the considerable significance of the use of good quality reinforcing, anchoring, gluing and painting & plastering materials was emphasized.
The delayed effects of flooding a residential building – case study
Authors: Straż Grzegorz
Published: July 2019

The work describes the case of a single-family residential building, which suffered a breakdown due to flooding. Flooded water in the nearby watercourse, did not reach the building directly, but in its vicinity, but raised to a very high level the local groundwater table, which reached locally, even above ground level. This condition was maintained over a longer period of time, causing the soil moisture to rise, and thus its geotechnical parameters deteriorated. The consequence of this, the building underwent an uncontrolled and uneven settlement, which was accompanied by the formation of cracks on the walls. The effects of failure were presented and an attempt was made to identify possible causes of failure. Own study of the substrate was carried out in "in situ" conditions and verification of laboratory tests, and their results are presented on relevant charts and tables.
Cracking of the Vault in a Church Building and Activities Undertaken in the View of the Further Mining Exploitation
Authors: Kawulok Marian , Chomacki Leszek , Rutkowski Tadeusz
Published: July 2019

The paper concerns a church building, where as a result of mining exploitation a number of damages have been observed, including cracking of the nave. The method of repairing the damage was presented. Taking into consideration the further planned mining exploitation, a concept was put forward to reinforce the church with steel tie rods at the level of the vaults over the nave, which will provide for its protection against adverse impact of the tilt of the land surface.
The diagnosis of the technical condition of buildings as an indicator of the scale of needs for the revitalization on the example Kożuchów
Authors: Nowogońska Beata
Published: July 2019

In the revitalization process, the scope of work to be done depends on the technical condition of a particular historical site. Any activities should be preceded by a diagnosis of its technical condition in terms of changes which have taken place so far. The diagnosis of particular buildings will make it possible to determine the scope of needs to be included in the revitalization plan. The paper presents technical issues occurring in residential and commercial buildings and the problem of protection of cultural heritage as exemplified by the historical urban complex in Kożuchów.
Acoustic emission for diagnosing cable way steel support towers
Authors: Krampikowska Aleksandra , Świt Grzegorz
Published: July 2019

The paper reports results of the study on the possibility of using the acoustic emission method in diagnosing fatigue and corrosion damage in steel elements of the cable way support towers. The assessment of the sensitivity of the structure to the recorded destructive processes is based on the structural damage classification method using the patterns created as a result of statistical and mathematical processing of acoustic emission signals through image analysis and grouping methods.
In-vitro-Untersuchungen zur Weidenmistel an verschiedenen humanen Tumorzelllinien
Authors: Felenda Jennifer E. , Gruber Kim , Pacifico Severina , Turek Claudia , Beckmann Christiane , Stintzing Florian C.
Published: July 2019

Traditionell werden pharmazeutische Zubereitungen der Weidenmistel häufig bei der Therapie von Blasen- und Nierenzellkarzinomen eingesetzt. Dennoch existieren bislang nur wenige wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu Wirkmechanismen von Weidenmistelpräparaten. Daher wurde mithilfe verschiedener Testverfahren die Hemmung der Viabilität von Tumorzellen durch den Weidenmistelextrakt Iscucin® Salicis bestimmt und die beteiligten Mechanismen untersucht. Des Weiteren wurde die Hemmung der Zellmigration analysiert.

Ergebnisse Der Extrakt hemmte Zellwachstum und -migration in vitro, wobei die Sensitivität der einzelnen Tumorzelllinien variierte. Vor allem sprachen neuroepitheliale Tumorzellen und Bronchialkarzinomzellen gut an. Zudem wurden pro-apoptotische Marker aktiviert. Klinische Untersuchungen stehen aus, um zu klären, bei welchen Tumoren das größte Potenzial für eine Behandlung mit Iscucin® Salicis besteht.
Professor Dr. Beat Meier zum 70. Geburtstag
Authors: Steinhoff Barbara
Published: July 2019

Anlässlich des 70. Geburtstags von Professor Dr. Beat Meier am 14. April 2019 fand am 11. April 2019 an der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) in Wädenswil der „11th Wädenswil Day of Life Sciences“ mit einem internationalen Symposium über Hydroxyanthracenderivate statt. In diesem Rahmen trug Dr. Barbara Steinhoff im Namen des GPT-Vorstandes Grußworte für den Jubilar vor, die nachstehend in deutscher Fassung abgedruckt sind.
Nebenwirkungsmanagement der Opioid-Therapie
Authors: Wirz Stefan
Published: July 2019

Über 6 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland leiden unter stark beeinträchtigenden
chronischen Schmerzen. Wegen der begrenzten analgetischen Effektivität und der
Toxizität von Analgetika der Stufe 1 des WHO-Stufenschemas ist der Einsatz von
Opioiden (Stufe 2 und 3) oft die einzige Therapieoption. Die hohe Inzidenz von
Opioid-Nebenwirkungen bedingt jedoch eine hohe Abbruchrate. Daher beruht der
Erfolg einer Opioid-Schmerztherapie entscheidend auch auf dem Management der
Verträglichkeit und der Sicherheit der Behandlung. Die meisten
Opioid-Nebenwirkungen, wie z. B. Übelkeit oder Sedierung, treten überwiegend in
der Anfangsphase der Therapie auf. Die Opioid-induzierte Obstipation dagegen
kann für die gesamte Dauer der Opioid-Therapie persistieren. Laxantien als
Erstlinientherapie lösen das Problem nur bei einem Teil der Betroffenen. Als
Zweilinientherapie können Opioid-Rezeptorantagonisten eingesetzt werden, wie
Naloxon, oral applizierbares Naloxegol oder subkutanes Methylnaltrexon. Auch das
Management weiterer häufiger Opioid-Nebenwirkungen wie Übelkeit und Erbrechen,
Sedierung, Pruritus, Miktionsstörung und weiteren wird vorgestellt.
OPSCC: lokoregionäre Kontrolle für besseres
Überleben
Authors: Dost Philipp
Published: July 2019

Caula A et al. Correlation between the duration of locoregional control and
survival in T1-T2 oropharyngeal cancer patients. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019;
doi: 10.1007/s00405–019–05293-z

HNO-Ärzte der Universität Paris-Saclay untersuchten bei Patienten mit
oropharyngealem Plattenepithelkarzinom (OPSCC) den Zusammenhang zwischen der
Zeit bis zum Lokalrezidiv und dem Überleben.
Ist Burnout eine Folge des Arbeitslebens?
Authors: Seemüller Florian , Allwang Christine , Beraldi Anna
Published: July 2019

In Literatur und Laienpresse kursieren Hunderte Definitionen zu Burnout. Obwohl sich die DGPPN bereits 2012 klar positioniert hat und eine enge Definition veröffentlicht hat, wird der Begriff teilweise immer noch inflationär gebraucht. Dabei gab es bereits mit dem Begriff der Neurasthenie vor über 100 Jahren den Versuch, arbeitsbezogene psychische Störungen nosologisch einzuordnen. Aktuell besteht in Deutschland weitgehender Konsens Burnout als Risikostadium zur Entwicklung einer seelischen Erkrankung aufzufassen. Ätiologisch ist vor dem Hintergrund eines biopsychosozialen multifaktoriellen Modells anzunehmen, dass eine mit dem Alter physiologisch abnehmende Belastbarkeit bei gleichbleibender oder teilweise sogar steigender seelischer Arbeitsbelastung über die Lebensspanne ein wesentlicher Faktor ist. Auf Symptomebene kommt es nach ausreichender Erholung und/oder Arbeitsabstinenz in der Regel relativ rasch zu einer deutlichen Besserung und teilweise sogar vollständigen Genesung. Um diesen Zustand zu erhalten und das Risiko einer nachfolgenden Erkrankung wie z. B. einer Depression oder einer Suchterkrankung zu reduzieren ist eine Modifikation der äußeren Bedingungen (z. B. Stärkung von Ressourcen, Reduktion der Arbeitslast) unumgänglich. Erfahrungsgemäß lässt sich dies nur über eine Änderung innerer aufrechterhaltender Faktoren wie individueller Stressverstärker oder fester Glaubengrundsätze erreichen. Einige zum Teil auch wissenschaftlich gut evaluierte Präventionsprogramme sind hierfür verfügbar.
Return to Work – berufliches Entlassmanagement
Authors: Hamann Johannes , Brieger Peter
Published: July 2019

Psychische Erkrankungen sind einerseits mittlerweile die dritthäufigste Diagnosegruppe bei Arbeitsunfähigkeit, und die häufigste Ursache für Frühverrentungen. Auf der anderen Seite haben Arbeit und Berufstätigkeit einen positiven Effekt auf den Krankheitsverlauf psychisch Kranker. Akute psychische Krisen, die eine stationäre Krankenhausbehandlung erforderlich machen, reißen die Betroffenen teilweise über längere Zeiträume aus ihren Beschäftigungsverhältnissen. Um Jobverluste zu vermeiden benötigt diese Gruppe besondere Interventionen, die unter dem Begriff „berufliches Entlassmanagement“ zusammengefasst werden können.
Erfolg einer endoskopischen Behandlung der
strahlungsinduzierten Dysphagie
Authors: Lehnerdt Götz
Published: July 2019

Abu-Ghanem S et al. Endoscopic Management of Postradiation Dysphagia in Head and
Neck Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019; doi:
10.1177/000348941983756

Im Rahmen einer Literaturrecherche untersuchten Ärzte der Klinik für
Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Stanford-Universität
Erfolgsrate und das Sicherheitsprofil der zur Verfügung stehenden
endoskopischen chirurgischen Optionen zur Behandlung einer
strahlungsinduzierten Dysphagie bei Kopf- und Halskrebspatienten nach einer
organerhaltenden Therapie.
Isothiourea-Catalysed Sequential Kinetic Resolution of Acyclic (±)-1,2-Diols
Authors: Harrer Siegfried , Greenhalgh Mark D. , Neyyappadath Rifahath M. , Smith Andrew D.
Published: July 2019

The isothiourea-catalysed acylative kinetic resolution of a range of acyclic (±)-1,2-diols using 1 mol% of catalyst under operationally simple conditions is reported. Significantly, the bifunctional nature of (±)-1,2-diols was exploited in a sequential double kinetic resolution, in which both kinetic resolutions operate synergistically to provide access to highly enantioenriched products. The principles that underpin this process are discussed, and selectivity factors for the individual kinetic resolution steps are reported in a model system.
Synthesis of New 7,8-Dioxa[6]helicenes with Triazole Rings as Potential Molecular Tweezers
Authors: Kasabali Nilay , Gunduz Hande , Kaya Kerem , Kumbaraci Volkan , Talinli Naciye
Published: July 2019

This study introduces new triazole-linked host compounds, which have been synthesized from 7,8-dioxa-bisnaphthalene and 7,8-dioxa[6]helicenes. These compounds have different cavities depending on being ‘v’-shaped or helicene structures. The dimeric structure of 7,8-dioxa-bisnaphthalene has also been obtained and crystal structure analysis confirmed that it contains an unusual seven-membered dihydrooxepine ring. All synthesized compounds can act as molecular tweezers for organic molecules and also metal ions.
Recent Progress in Equilibrium Acidity Studies of Organocatalysts
Authors: Li Zhen , Li Xin , Cheng Jin-Pei
Published: July 2019

This account summarizes our recent work on the pK
a scales of some frequently used organocatalysts, especially those of hydrogen-bond-donor catalysts and stronger Brønsted acid catalysts. Most of these pK
a values were obtained by the Bordwell overlapping indicator method, which is known to provide high accuracy. Linear free-energy relationships associated with pK
a values are discussed in relation to understanding of reaction mechanisms.

1 Introduction

2 Single Hydrogen-Bonding Donors

2.1 Proline-Type Organocatalysts

2.2 Cinchona Alkaloids Bearing a Hydrogen-Bonding Donor in the 6′-Position

3 Double-Hydrogen-Bonding Donors

3.1 Thioureas

3.2 Squaramides

3.3 BINOLs

4 Stronger Brønsted Acids

5 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes

6 Summary and Outlook
Intra-aortic Balloon Pump—Current Status
Authors: Kanchi Muralidhar , NV Arun Chandran
Published: July 2019

Cardiac failure is an ever-growing public health concern confronted by both developed and developing nations of the world. Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a circulatory assist device that is used to support a failing left ventricle. IABP is designed to augment myocardial perfusion by increasing coronary blood flow during diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle and unloading the left ventricle during systolic phase. Intraoperative IABP is extremely useful when facing difficulty to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass. Until the controversy is resolved, personal experience and decision of the physician and patient circumstances may form the basis for the IABP use in a clinical setting with acute left ventricular failure.
Continuing Patient Care during Electronic Health Record Downtime
Authors: Larsen Ethan , Hoffman Daniel , Rivera Carlos , Kleiner Brian M. , Wernz Christian , Ratwani Raj M.
Published: July 2019

Introduction Electronic health record (EHR) downtime is any period during which the EHR system is fully or partially unavailable. These periods are operationally disruptive and pose risks to patients. EHR downtime has not sufficiently been studied in the literature, and most hospitals are not adequately prepared.

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the operational implications of downtime with a focus on the clinical laboratory, and to derive recommendations for improved downtime contingency planning.

Methods A hybrid qualitative–quantitative study based on historic performance data and semistructured interviews was performed at two mid-Atlantic hospitals. In the quantitative analysis, paper records from downtime events were analyzed and compared with normal operations. To enrich this quantitative analysis, interviews were conducted with 17 hospital employees, who had experienced several downtime events, including a hospital-wide EHR shutdown.

Results During downtime, laboratory testing results were delayed by an average of 62% compared with normal operation. However, the archival data were incomplete due to inconsistencies in the downtime paper records. The qualitative interview data confirmed that delays in laboratory result reporting are significant, and further uncovered that the delays are often due to improper procedural execution, and incomplete or incorrect documentation. Interviewees provided a variety of perspectives on the operational implications of downtime, and how to best address them. Based on these insights, recommendations for improved downtime contingency planning were derived, which provide a foundation to enhance Safety Assurance Factors for EHR Resilience guides.

Conclusion This study documents the extent to which downtime events are disruptive to hospital operations. It further highlights the challenge of quantitatively assessing the implication of downtimes events, due to a lack of otherwise EHR-recorded data. Organizations that seek to improve and evaluate their downtime contingency plans need to find more effective methods to collect data during these times.
Growth behavior and film properties of titanium dioxide by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition with discrete feeding method
Authors: Song Heungseop , Shin Donghyuk , Jeong Ji-eun , Park Heungsoo , Ko Dae-Hong
Published: July 2019

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were deposited by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) system using tetrakis-dimethylamido-titanium (TDMAT) at 250 °C. We applied a new source feeding method, known as Discrete Feeding Method (DFM), to PE-ALD TiO2 process for comparing the deposition rate, the physical and electrical film properties with the films deposited by conventional ALD method. Various analytical studies were carried out to investigate the change of TiO2 thin film characteristics due to DFM application. As a result, the optimal process condition was obtained with high physical properties and productivity while keeping electrical characteristics equivalent to those of the conventional ALD condition.
Gas sensor based on defective graphene/pristine graphene hybrid towards high sensitivity detection of NO2
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhang Miao , Dong Linxi , Sun Yinbo , Su Yanjie , Xue Zhongying , Di Zengfeng
Published: July 2019

We propose an approach to improve the performance of graphene-based gas sensors by the integration of defective graphene with pristine graphene. The defect density of defective graphene is controlled by the fluence of Si+ implantation, and an H2 etching process is utilized to tune defect size. As defects are able to adsorb target gas efficiently, the response of graphene-based sensors was improved remarkably with the controllable defect density. The response sensitivity of a defective-graphene-based sensor to concentrations of NO2 at 100 ppm can be as high as 248%, 13 times higher than that of a sensor built using pristine graphene. In addition, defective-graphene-based sensors exhibit high response and recovery rates at room temperature, which is comparable to those of pristine graphene-based sensors and faster than conventional defect-decorated graphene sensors. Most importantly, defective-graphene-based gas sensors exhibit excellent reproducibility, stability, and selectivity. Our study suggests a simple and effective strategy for the mass production of high-performance graphene-based gas sensors for NO2 gas detection.
Thermal conductivity of chalcogenide glass phases governed by disparity in phonon group velocity
Authors: Dooley Phil
Published: July 2019

Thermal properties of germanium telluride thin films surprised scientists and revealed behavior at odds with the conventional understanding of thermal transport in amorphous materials.
Long-term clipping causes carbohydrate accumulation and induced transition of Alhagi sparsifolia from herbs to shrubs
Authors: Tang Gang-Liang , Guo Zi-Chun , Zhang Bo , Li Xiang-Yi , Zeng Fan-Jiang
Published: July 2019

A field experiment was conducted on Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. with a long-term clipping history (5–8 years) to investigate the adaptation strategy of A. sparsifolia to long-term clipping. The present study found that long-term clipping can reduce self-shading and increase the photosynthesis rate (Pn) in May. During the whole growth season, clipped plants can maintain a high Pn with less variation, which we denote as a ‘stable photosynthesis strategy’. Although Pn in unclipped plants was higher than in the long-term clipping treatment in August, clipped plants accumulated more carbohydrates in shoots. The enhanced amount of carbohydrates could be correlated with the greater amount of lignin synthesis in stems. Therefore, long-term clipping induced the transition of A. sparsifolia from herbs to shrubs. After long-term clipping, plants allocated more resources to plant defence against stress, whereas the ratio of resources allocated to leaf growth decreased. Consequently, photosynthesis in long-term clipped plants decreased in August. In PSII, the energy used for both photochemical quenching and non-photochemical quenching decreased in the clipped plants during the early stage of the growth season. In addition, due to the lower stomatal conductance (gs), clipped plants retained more water in their leaves and suffered less water stress. Thus, clipped plants produced less reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn, delayed leaf senescence. Plants also exhibited over-compensatory growth after long-term clipping, but this phenomenon was not caused by the increase in specific leaf area (SLA). The stable photosynthesis strategy helped to extend the lifespan of plants in the growth season and improve their adaptation to light, temperature, and water stress.
Assessing the impact of different landscape features on post-fire forest recovery with multitemporal remote sensing data: the case of Mount Taygetos (southern Greece)
Authors: Christopoulou Anastasia , Mallinis Giorgos , Vassilakis Emmanuel , Farangitakis Georgios-Pavlos , Fyllas Nikolaos M. , Kokkoris Giorgos D. , Arianoutsou Margarita
Published: July 2019

Fires affecting large areas usually create a mosaic of recovering plant communities reflecting their pre-fire composition and local conditions of burning. However, post-fire recovery patterns may also reveal the effects of landscape heterogeneity on the natural regeneration process of plant communities. This study combines field data and remote sensing image interpretation techniques to assess the role of various landscape characteristics in the post-fire recovery process in a mountainous region of Greece burned by a severe wildfire. Remote sensing techniques were used to accurately map secluded, large burned areas. By introducing a temporal component, we explored the correlation between post-fire regeneration and underlying topography, soils and basement rock. Pre-fire forest cover was reduced by more than half 8 years after fire. Regarding the dominant pre-fire forest trees, Abies cephalonica did not regenerate well after fire and most pre-fire stands were converted to grasslands and shrublands. In contrast, Pinus nigra regenerated sufficiently to return to its pre-fire cover, especially in areas underlain by softer basement rock. The use of different time series of high-resolution images improved the quality of the results obtained, justifying their use despite their high cost.
Sensitivity of prescribed burn weather windows to atmospheric dispersion parameters over southeastern USA
Authors: Chiodi Andrew M. , Larkin Narasimhan K. , Varner J. Morgan , Hiers J. Kevin
Published: July 2019

Prescribed burning is an essential tool for forest and rangeland management that requires specific weather conditions to enable the efficient and safe application of fire. Prescribed burning is often limited by the ability to find suitable burn-days that fit within the identified weather parameters that balance good smoke dispersion and erratic fire behaviour. We analysed the sensitivity of the occurrence of widely used weather windows in the southeastern USA to modest changes in how they are defined. This analysis identified the most limiting prescription components and assessed where small changes in the prescription window can yield the greatest gains in additional burn-days. In the growing season (April–September), adjustments to mixing height offered the greatest such opportunity: a 12.5% increase in the upper-limit yields ~25% more burn-days during this period. During the dormant season (November–January), a 12.5% change in the upper-limit of transport wind yields ~20% more burn-days. Performing this analysis on the ventilation index revealed that comparable increases in burn-days were available by changing its upper limits. These results help inform ongoing discussions on potential changes to regional prescribed burn weather parameters that might help meet smoke management and treatment objectives in the southeastern USA and more broadly.
Tuning anion solvation energetics enhances potassium–oxygen battery performance
Authors: Sankarasubramanian Shrihari , Kahky Joshua , Ramani Vijay
Published: July 2019

Significance

Potassium–oxygen (K–O
2
) batteries are a high-energy alternative to Li-ion batteries. They produce KO
2
as the discharge product in a highly reversible reaction, circumventing the electrolyte stability and rechargeability challenges of other alkali metal–oxygen batteries. Herein, a pathway is presented for the multifold increase of the practical discharge power of these batteries by tailoring the tripartite interactions between the salt cation and anion and the solvent. A single descriptor of the solvation energetics captures the influence of electrolyte composition on reactant transport and reaction kinetics and is broadly applicable to alkali metal–oxygen (i.e. Li–, Na–, and K–O
2
) batteries, providing a rational basis to design electrolyte compositions for high-power alkali metal–oxygen batteries.
Distribution Network Reliability Evaluation with Load Importance Degree and Isolated Island Operation
Authors: Li Guowei , Zeng Qinghui , Liu Hao , Wang Junbo , Luo Rongbo , Li Hui , Zhang Tao
Published: July 2019

Supply power for important load in priority is the fundamental principle during power shortage. For the reason that the existing power load classification principle is too simple to compare the importance degree of loads at the same level, this paper proposed a comprehensive evaluation method of load importance degree. First, an indicator system is established to measure load importance. Then a comprehensive evaluation model is designed basing on improved rank correlation analysis method, which sets weights based on subject and object analysis and calculates the importance degree value according 4 indicators, including outage cost. Finally, evaluating the distribution network reliability with load importance degree. Simulation results on IEEE-RBTS BUS6 system shows the validity and practicality.
Analysis and Suggestion on Neutral Grounding Mode for Shanghai Distribution Network Considering Power Supply Reliability
Authors: Jun Liu , Ling Shi , Haifeng Tang , Lei Yang , Fan Yang
Published: July 2019

The demand for reliable power supply in large cities is the major concern for both consumers and company, and power outages have uprising influence on economic losses and social impacts. With the continuing growth of underground cable ratio in Shanghai, the medium-voltage distribution network structures are experiencing changes. The choice of grounding method has considerable impact on operation safety and system reliability. It is crucial to carry out in-depth and systematic analysis on different grounding modes. This paper analyzes the technical route, insulation coordination, protection configuration and system reliability for neutral grounding mode for Shanghai distribution network with regard to the development status and safety requirements of urban medium voltage distribution grid, providing effective technical principles and engineering proposals for system planning and safe operation.
A Review of the Power Metering Systems in Australia, Britain and Guangdong Electric Market
Authors: Zhang Kaijie , Yang Kan , Xie Kang , Sang Maosheng , Xie Dunjian , Zhang Lixing , Bao Minglei
Published: July 2019

With the development of electric market reform, electricity spot market pilot is about to be launched in China. However, facing more complex settlement process in a competing environment, the existing power metering system may not meet the requirements of modern power market. Thus, it is an urgent problem to determine the improvements performances based on the existing power metering system. This paper will focus on this problem and propose suggestions based on the experience of domestic and foreign electricity market. In this paper, electric power metering systems of Australia, Britain and China (Guangdong Province) is firstly studied and presented in five significant aspects, including market participants, market structure, metering point, acquisition cycle and business managements. Then, their commons and differences will be further analysed and compared as reference of Chinese practice. Finally, suggestions of power metering system construction are proposed in China’ electric power market reform.
Study on Vibration Noise Signal Characteristics of 10kv Distribution Transformer under Different Load Conditions
Authors: Zhang Zhendong , Xu Shurong , Zhang Jiangong , Liu Hao , Huang Xiaolong , Wang Zhelong , Zhao Lihua
Published: July 2019

In order to study the effect of load on the transformer vibration noise. In this paper, a S13-M-200/10 distribution transformer is taken as the experimental subject and an experimental platform was built to collect the vibration noise signals of the transformer under no-load, short-circuit, resistive load, inductive load and different load rate. These signals are used to study the vibration characteristics of transformers under different load rate and load characteristics. The results show that the amplitude of the 100Hz fundamental frequency increases with the increase of the load rate, and the amplitude of other frequency basically has no change. The inductive load will cause the increase of the amplitude of 150Hz and 250Hz components, and the amplitude increases with the increase of the inductive load. The research results of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the condition monitoring of transformers based on vibration noise signal.
An Improved Finite Control Set Model Predictive Current Control Strategy for Five-Phase PMSMs
Authors: Han Xuedong , Wang Haihua , Zhang Zhen , Fan Ying , Wang Wusen
Published: July 2019

In this paper, finite control set model predictive current control strategy for five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is analysed. At first, virtual voltage vectors are adopted to avoid including all the 32 voltage vectors of five-phase inverter into the control set. Besides, under different rotor speed, estimated voltage vector is predicted in advance so that a new online updated adaptive control set can be established with proper voltage amplitude and only three vectors. Consequently, current ripples and computational burden can be much reduced. At last, experimental results are presented and indicate the performance improvement of the proposed control strategy.
A Dynamic Equivalent Method for Electromagnetic Transient Simulation and Its Application in East China Power Grid
Authors: Dou Fei , Wang Weiyuan , Yang Mengmeng , Huang Qinxin , Gao Yifan
Published: July 2019

There is an inherent limitation when unbalanced faults in AC system are studied in large scale AC/DC power systems with electromechanical transient simulation. In order to make the electromagnetic transient simulation which is accurate in these situations possible, dynamic reduction must to be done. A method based on support strength of generators is proposed. According to the connection form of low-voltage network with 500kV skeleton buses and whether there are generators in it, three reduction schemes are used to replace the corresponding low-voltage network. The dynamic parameters of equivalent generators are obtained by a time domain aggregation method. The equivalent results of planning data of East China Power Grid in 2020 show that, the method has high accuracy in power flow analysis as well as short circuit calculation. The proposed method greatly simplifies the original system while the characteristic of dynamic response remains.
Research for Participation of Electric Vehicles in the Power System Optimal Dispatching
Authors: Lu Mengke , Du Wei , Li Deyi
Published: July 2019

The rapid development of renewable clean energy and low-carbon transportation has brought new opportunities and challenges to the safety and economic operation of power system. This paper studies the economic dispatching operation of the power system that contains clean energy and large-scale electric vehicles, and establishes the objective function of minimizing the amount of discarded wind power and the lowest cost of thermal power generating units. In order to improve the optimization efficiency, the original system is decoupled into the wind-vehicle-hydro subsystem and the thermal power subsystem according to the characteristics of multi-source output. The two subsystems are connected by the load balance and the reserve constraints of the system, and their respective scheduling models are given respectively. In this paper, an improved random black hole particle swarm optimization (IRBHPSO) algorithm with fast convergence and effective avoidance of local optimization is proposed by combining the black hole theory and particle swarm optimization. The effectiveness and superiority of the improved algorithm were verified on a 10-unit test system. Finally, this paper modifies the IEEE-RTS system according to the proportion of installed capacity of the Northeast Power Grid. The simulation results verified the feasibility of the proposed optimal scheduling model and the effectiveness of the algorithm, which provides strategies and feasible suggestions for the large-scale electric vehicles to participate in the economic dispatching operation of the power system.
Study on the Optimal Planning of Distributed Renewable Power Generation Based on Long-Term Sequence Simulation in Regional Distribution Network
Authors: Feng Kaihui , Sun Wenwen , Huang Bibin , Hu Jing , Du Dan , Wang Dan
Published: July 2019

Distributed renewable power generation has obvious volatility and randomness. It has different impacts on voltage, power loss, power quality and so on with different integration schemes in distribution network. It could improve the distribution network voltage level and reduce the power loss with reasonable integration scheme. Conversely, if the integration scheme is not reasonable, it will have bad impacts on power loss and voltage level of the distribution network. TO achieve the optimal planning scheme of Distributed renewable power Generation, a optimal planning method has been proposed in this paper. In the method, the minimum power loss of region distribution network as the optimization objective, long-term sequence simulation with wind energy, solar energy and load actual dates for at least one year in a row has been used to get the annual power loss and voltage qualified rate on different integration schemes. A model is verified by an actual case, which is a large-scale distribution network including multiple feeders. It is shown that the feasibility of the integration scheme. Secondly, the operation requirements of Distributed renewable power generation have been proposed based on the simulation analysis of impacts on voltage distribution of Distributed renewable power generation with PQ and PV operation mode. It is shown that appropriate voltage control strategy could be used to enhance voltage qualified rate.
Research on Quantitative Analysis of Investment Benefit of Integrated Energy System in Park of Multi-investors
Authors: Huang Bibin , Yan Hu , Hong Bowen , Yang Bo , Bai Jianshi , Du Dan , Wang Dan
Published: July 2019

The industrial park has become an important experimental area for power reform. Under the conditions of incremental distribution market liberalization, diversified power sources and loads, the investment interface of park integrated energy system has been divided, investment entities have become diversified, and the analysis of investment benefits has become complex. The paper proposes the park IES operation models on different interfaces, studies the methodology of calculating the full lifecycle investment benefit of different components of park IES. Based on the typical cases, it proposes the future direction of business development of park integrated energy service provider.
Economic Analysis of Energy Storage System Installation by Industrial Users
Authors: Wentao Sun , Haikun Li , Chen Wu , Boliang Liu , Xingning Han
Published: July 2019

Considering the demand of installing energy storage system by industrial users to reduce the basic electricity cost and increase the income of electricity sale, this paper proposes a detailed charging and discharging strategies calculation method to obtain the annual income. Based on the annual load historical data of industrial users, the charging and discharging modes and detailed strategies are determined according to the load characteristic and the electricity price period. Considering the influence of large and dense load on the peak load after peak shifting by storage system, a method of new peak load correction based on dichotomy iteration and backtracking mechanism is proposed. The case verification show that the monthly income is significantly affected by the industrial load characteristics. This method provides accurate income analysis for industrial users to ensure validity and economy of storage system investment.
SoC Estimation for Lithium-Ion Battery Using Recurrent NARX Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chuangxin Guo , Gen Yuan , Chengzhi Zhu , Xueping Wang , Xiu Cao
Published: July 2019

State of charge (SOC) is an important indicator for assessing the remaining capacity of the battery. An accurate SOC estimation is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of lithium batteries and preventing from over-charging or over-discharging in electric vehicle (EV) industry. However, to estimate an accurate capacity of SOC of the lithium batteries has become a major concern for the EV industry. In this paper, a recurrent nonlinear autoregressive external input neural network(NARXNN) model optimized by genetic algorithm(GA) is proposed to improve accuracy of SOC of lithium battery by finding the optimal value of input delays, feedback delays, and hidden layer neurons. The NARXNN based GA model is compared with the NARXNN in performance using statistical error values of mean absolute error and root mean square error are used to check the performance of the SOC estimation. The results show that the NARXNN based genetic algorithm outperforms NARXNN in estimating SOC with high accuracy.
The Power Coordinated Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System with Hydrogen Energy
Authors: Zhang Qinrui , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Xiangming
Published: July 2019

With the increase of new energy permeability, photovoltaic power generation is widely used, but because of its own volatility and intermittent, it will lead to uncontrollable power generation and large fluctuation of grid-connected power.Hydrogen energy is a green and efficient way of energy storage.Hybrid energy storage system combined with super-capacitor can better realize photovoltaic grid-connected.This paper established a photo-hydrogen-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system, contained electrolyzer, fuel cells and supercapacitor, and proposed a power coordination control strategy which ensure that the DC bus voltage is stable when PV is excessive or insufficient output or not worked on the rainy days or nights. Simulation proves the effectiveness of this system, and the maximum utilization of solar energy resources is realized.
Research on Fault Diagnosis of DC Charging Pile Power Device Based on Wavelet Packet and Elman Neural Network
Authors: Jiajia Wang , Xingying Chen , Li Ji
Published: July 2019

In order to improve the fault diagnosis accuracy of DC charging pile power devices, a fault diagnosis method based on wavelet packet analysis (WPA) and Elman neural network is proposed in this paper. This method sampled the output voltage signal of DC bus in fault state, decomposed the three-layer db10 wavelet packet and reconstructed the single branch, then calculated the characteristic energy spectrum of the fault signal using the signal in the frequency band, and identified it by Elman neural network. In order to test the diagnostic ability of the model, the PWM rectifier model of DC charging pile is used as an example to simulate and compare with the diagnostic results of standard BP neural network. The simulation results show that the fault diagnosis method based on WPA and Elman neural network has faster diagnosis speed, higher accuracy and stronger generalization ability.
Multi-time Scale Scheduling Strategy for Power System with Large-scale Intermittent Energy
Authors: Zheng J , Zhang YY , Guo AQ , Huang X
Published: July 2019

Large-scale integration of intermittent energy has brought many problems to active power dispatching of the power grid, which will not only increase the operation cost, but also increase the operation risk. This paper developed a multi-time scale scheduling strategy, integrated day-ahead scheduling, intra-day dispatching and automatic generation control (AGC) system, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid. The strategy aims to minimize the sum of operating costs of power system, and sets six constraints such as power flow constraint, to analyse and optimize the dispatching process of power systems. After simulation and analysis by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, the results show that the strategy has a significant optimization on the power system with intermittent energy.
A Multi-objective Non-intrusive Load Monitoring Method Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Yu Hua , Jiang Zhiwei , Li Yaping , Zhou Jing , Wang Ke , Cheng Zifeng , Gu Qing
Published: July 2019

Fine-grained power data are used to characterize user’s behavior in smart grid, Non-intrusive load monitoring can effectively separate the load of a single electrical appliance from the whole energy consumption of a dwelling, which is beneficial to fully exploit the load potential. In this paper, considering the relationship on usage habits among electrical appliances, the characteristics of energy consumption, we propose a multi-objective modeling method based on deep learning. The multi-objective model is constructed by CNN and LSTM, and the neural network is collaboratively optimized by multi-objective outputs. The experimental results show that the multi-objective model performs better than the other models on the five appliances, reducing the absolute error to less than 10 and the total error of the standardized signal to less than 0.1.
Research on Overvoltage Monitoring Technology for Transmission Lines
Authors: Wang Sijie , Tan Fali , Zhao Hailong , Peng Yang
Published: July 2019

Overvoltage is one of the important factors that cause line tripping and equipment damage. Accurate monitoring of transmission line overvoltage is of great significance for safe operation of power grid. In this paper, a transmission line overvoltage sensor based on the principle of coupled capacitance partial voltage is designed. The high voltage arm capacitance of the sensor is the stray capacitance between the sensor metal sheet and the earth, and the low pressure arm capacitance is the coupling capacitance between the sensor metal sheet and the wire. At first, the structure characteristics and sensor principle of the sensor are described, and the parameters of the sensor are calculated. The results show that the sensor has high detection accuracy and can realize overvoltage monitoring of transmission lines.
A Disturbance Source Location Method Based on the Initial Oscillation Period
Authors: Guo Siyuan , Zhang Shoushou , Zuo Jian , Zhao Yongsheng , Song Junying
Published: July 2019

In order to improve the accuracy and rapidity of the disturbance source location, a new method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) for forced power oscillation disturbance source location is proposed. Using the active power and frequency of the transient phase of an oscillation, the dominant mode of electrical components is extracted by VMD. Then, the oscillation energy using the variation is calculated to achieve the disturbance source location. Taking the forced power oscillation accident caused by too strong primary frequency modulation as an example, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method is verified.
Transmission Attenuation of 110kv Asymmetric Transmission Lines Based on Measured Data
Authors: Pang Songling , Tan Fali , Zhao Hailong , Zhang Meng , Liao Jian , Peng Yang
Published: July 2019

The characteristic of traveling wave transmission has great influence on the location precision of the fault point. In order to accurately evaluate the transmission and attenuation characteristic of actual traveling wave on transmission lines, a typical asymmetric arrangement 110kV transmission line is selected as the research object. First, the parameters of the transmission line are calculated, and the traveling wave decoupling algorithm is derived. Then, the traveling wave current collected by the distributed traveling wave monitoring system on the line is analyzed. The results show that for a short distance asymmetric 110kV line, it can be decoupled by the conventional decoupling balance line method, and the coupling component ratio is less than 2% after decoupling. With the increase of transmission distance, the attenuation degree of traveling wave increases. When the transmission distance is 60km, the attenuation of line mode is 21.2% and the zero mode attenuation is 50.4%.