bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Domestic Violence against Married Women in Afghanistan: Grounded Theory
Authors: Jafari Hussain , Zareei Mahmoodabadi Hassan , Naderi Nobandegani Zahra
Published: June 2022

Background: Domestic violence against women is currently one of the most important and characteristic forms of violence against human rights, which is associated with negative psychological and physical health consequences. The persistence of domestic violence causes marital incompatibility and has countless consequences for women. The aim of this study was to investigate domestic violence against married women in Bamyan province (Afghanistan).
 Methods: This research was conducted using the qualitative method and grounded theory. The study population included all women with domestic violence in Bamyan province in 2019. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to achieve theoretical saturation. Those women who were eligible for the study were given in-depth semi-structured interviews, and finally 12 women were selected.  The data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin method with three stages of open, axial, and selective coding.
Results: In this study, 297 concepts, 31 categories, 15 sub-categories, and 5 main categories including cultural poverty, personality problems and husband’s irresponsibility, panic, women's awakening, and low self-esteem were extracted. Also, all these 5 main categories were represented as a sub-category of "home terrorism".
Conclusions: Although women in Bamyan are still victims of domestic violence, increasing women's awareness and education in this field have been able to make women safe to some extent.
Effect of Disease Education on Knowledge and Attitude of Nursing Mothers towards Typhoid Prevention in Akinyele local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigera
Authors: Famuyiwa S Aderemi , Ogundokun F Moses , Oloruntegbea S Dusin
Published: June 2022

Backgroud: This is a disease is most predominant with great mortality among children of under five years of age especially in low and middle income countries where poor sanitation and poor hygiene favors the transmission of the disease. This study therefore focused on determining the effects of disease education on knowledge and attitude towards typhoid prevention among nursing mothers in Akinyele Local Government area of Oyo state.
Methods: The desig for this study was pretest-protest control group, quasi-experimental research design using 2×2 factorial matrix.  The study used factorial matrix design based on the fact that the study involved the use of independent variables at two levels; treatment and control. Moderating variable of educational background at two levels (none formal education and formal education), multistage sampling procedure was adopted to select participants of two hundred (200) registered nursing mothers as sample. A self-developed questionnaire was used for data collection with reliability value of 0.72. the inferential statistics of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level.
Result: The result revealed that there was significant main effect of treatment on knowledge and attitude of nursing mothers towards typhoid prevention among nursingnmothers  in Akinyele Local Government, Oyo State with (F(1/170) = 12.82, p <.05, ɳ2 = 0.07). (F(1/170) = 271.99, p <.05, ɳ2= 0.62) respectively.
Conclusion: It was concluded that disease education was very effective and has positive influence in improving the knowledge and attitude of nursing mothers towards typhoid prevention in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State., recommended was made that there is need for massive health education campaign to educate the  nursing mothers and generality of the populace by governmental and non-governmental agencies to correct the wrong perception they have about malaria and typhoid fever for effective prevention, treatment and control of the diseases.
The Effectiveness of Solution-oriented Group Teaching on the Increase of Resiliency in Orphan Female Adolescents
Authors: Adibi Maryam , Gorji Yousef
Published: June 2022

Background: The absence of one of the parents can bring about major problems in adolescents’ psychological conditions. The objective of the present study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of solution-oriented group consultation on the increase of resiliency in orphan (fatherless) female adolescents in the city of Isfahan.
Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, post-test, follow-up and control group research design. The statistical population of the study included all orphan (fatherless) female students in the city of Isfahan in the academic year 2014-2015. Convenient sampling method was used to select the samples; hence, 40 female adolescents were selected as the sample size and were assigned into two groups of 20. eight ninety-minute therapeutic interventions (solution-oriented approach) was administered on the experimental group once a week. The control group, however, did not receive any teaching. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used as the study instrument. And the collected data were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA via SPSS23 software.
Results: The results of the study showed the solution-oriented group teaching being effective on the resiliency of orphan adolescents at the post-stage and follow-up stages (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Predicated on the findings of the present study, the solution-oriented teaching method can be applied to increase orphan (fatherless) female adolescents’ resiliency.
Rozwój układu ruralistycznego Spycimierza na tle dziejów osadnictwa w świetle badań geograficzno-historycznych i archeologicznych
Authors: Figlus Tomasz
Published: June 2022

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań poświęconych rozwojowi układu przestrzennego Spycimierza na przestrzeni dziejów. Analiza geograficzno-historyczna objęła zagadnienie genezy i zmian morfologicznych wsi, uwzględniając dzieje osadnictwa na badanym obszarze. W tym kontekście wykorzystano wybrane źródła dokumentowe, opisowe oraz mapy historyczne. Uzyskane rezultaty skonfrontowano z dotychczasowymi wynikami badań archeologicznych. Wieś powstała prawdopodobnie w XI w. w pobliżu zlokalizowanego w zakolu rzecznym grodu pierścieniowego, który w XIV w. został przekształcony w gród typu stożkowego. Wyróżniono kilka faz rozwoju wsi, uwzględniając sekwencję powstawania i rozprzestrzeniania się siedlisk i rozłogów w średniowieczu, czasach nowożytnych aż do współczesności. Dzisiejszy Spycimierz przyjmuje formę wsi wielodrogowej z nieregularną strukturą zabudowy i skomplikowanym rozkładem działek. Jest to unikalny relikt osadnictwa z czasów wczesnofeudalnych, który stanowi cenny element krajobrazu kulturowego wsi w centralnej Polsce.
La Seguridad Internacional en las Américas: logros normativos de la integración regional y subregional
Authors: Morán Blanco Sagrario
Published: June 2022

La obra que tengo el placer de recensionar se caracteriza, ante todo, por la claridad en la exposición de las ideas, las excelentes estructura y sistemática que facilitan sobremanera la comprensión de un tema sumamente complejo como es la seguridad en el continente americano; y la profundidad y minuciosidad en el análisis científico que se lleva a cabo. Como se sabe, la región americana cuenta, además de con un marco de cooperación que agrupa a todos los Estados de la región como es la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA), con numerosos, plurales y variados esquemas de integración tanto hemisférico como regionales como subregionales. De este modo, un análisis completo y riguroso sobre cualquier materia en el espacio americano, también en campo de la seguridad, debe tener en cuenta necesariamente todas las realidades político-jurídicas que conviven en América. Por esto, como lo señala la autora en la introducción de su trabajo, “conocer el marco normativo de seguridad en las Américas exige también que no se ignoren las particularidades que proceden de la política de las instancias de integración de la región” (p. 25).
Estrategia militar de la OTAN: doctrinas y conceptos estratégicos. Recepción en España
Authors: Calvo José Luis
Published: June 2022

NATO's military strategy and doctrine have become one of the main references for Western strategic thinking and for the development of military strategy and doctrine in Spain. The Alliance's strategy started from a very specific scenario in the Cold War to expand after it towards a stabilization role outside Europe, and paradoxically return to the starting point afterwards due to the return of the Russian threat. Along this path, key concepts were developed on the use of conventional military power, nuclear weapons and new forms of asymmetric or hybrid conflict. Despite the fact that Spain entered NATO late and in a very peculiar way, NATO strategy and doctrine were essential to modernize both the armed forces and the strategic thinking in our country.
El manifiesto terrorista como instrumento de análisis del proceso de radicalización: el caso de la extrema derecha
Authors: Baqués Josep , Toboso Mario , Ortolà Carles
Published: June 2022

In recent years there have been various terrorist attacks carried out by individuals who are usually linked to the "extreme right". Actually, the attacks give some clues, depending on what their objectives are. But most of the information available is in the manifests that some of those terrorists have left us. Based on this premise, this article proposes an analysis of the contents of several of them, considering to what extent it can be said that there is an ideology behind them; to what extent is that ideology the same in all cases; and to what extent it corresponds to the theses of the extreme right or, rather, they are closer to others of a fascist nature. After this analysis, and taking into account the theoretical frameworks used, the first two questions can be answered in the affirmative way, while the third answer reveals the presence of important components of fascism in the societal projects desired by these terrorists.
Interdisciplinary, Inclusive, and Innovative: Promoting a Paradigmatic Shift in Cancer Research Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Paceley Megan S. , Kattari Shanna K. , Levin Nina Jackson , Banks Anthony , Winter Virginia Ramseyer , Bauerband Loren , Harper Diane M.
Published: June 2022

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adolescents and young adults (AYA) face heightened risks of cancer due to cissexism and transphobia in healthcare, low cancer screening rates, limited knowledge and awareness of cancer risk and screenings, poor healthcare experiences, and exposure to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Despite this, TGD AYA cancer risk is relatively unexamined in oncology research. To intervene early and mitigate risk, we require holistic understandings of cancer risk among TGD AYA. This research brief engages with an interdisciplinary knowledge base to identify gaps and limitations warranting critical attention by TGD AYA and cancer scholars. The current literature on TGD AYA risks for cancer are explored with specific attention to the social environment and its impact on cancer risk. The brief ends with a call to action for a paradigmatic shift to promote inclusive, innovative, and interdisciplinary cancer research with TGD AYA.
The Clean and Proper Self: The Relevance of Kristeva’s Concept of Abjection for Nursing
Authors: Johansson Jim , Holmes Dave
Published: June 2022

Nurses regularly encounter feelings of disgust in practice, from bodily fluids and wounds to the criminal histories of patients. Though these experiences are widespread in nursing practice, there exists a culture in which they are regularly and intentionally ignored by nurses, and have received little attention in the literature. French-Bulgarian philosopher Julie Kristeva described these feelings of disgust within her psychoanalytic concepts of abjection and the clean and proper self. When nurses experience abjection, they work to protect and maintain the boundaries of the clean and proper self. This paper will employ a conceptual analysis to explore the implications of abjection and the maintenance of the clean and proper in nursing practice, with a specific focus on forensic nursing. A literature review of scientific articles and monographs addressing issues of disgust and abjection was conducted. The work of Kristeva provides the theoretical framework for this analysis. The analysis illustrates that nurses erect boundaries between themselves and patients, with significant consequences for patient care. An enactment of rituals to avoid the uncomfortable feelings of abjection and an effort to maintain the clean and proper self is widespread in nursing practice. Acknowledging the presence of abjection in nursing practice, recommendations are given on how to both embrace and overcome this experience.
Profit Persistence: is There A Conglomerate Effect? The Case of Banking and Insurance in Morocco
Authors: Adel Nabil , Meknassi Siham
Published: June 2022

This paper analyses profit persistence and its determinants in Morocco's banking and insurance sectors. The solid and increasing interdependencies between both actors are becoming a matter of concern for the regulatory authorities, as they threaten the country's financial stability. Using both static and dynamic hypotheses of the competitive environment model, we study the determinants of profit persistence in eight banks and eight insurance companies for 13 years, using a random-effects panel data model. While previous articles studied banks and insurers separately, we fill the gap in the literature by exploring the profit persistence as a result of their increasing capitalistic interdependence. Our results show a very low-profit persistence level, which signals a competitive financial sector. The main determinants of this profit persistence are diversification, efficiency, size, solvency, risk, and entry barriers. However, we find no evidence of any conglomerate effect, eliminating any synergy premium through cross participation between banks and insurance companies.
Asociación entre Anemia Severa y Sobrevida al año en pacientes con Enfermedad Renal Crónica incidentes en Hemodiálisis de dos Hospitales Nacionales de Referencia entre los años 2015-2017
Authors:   , Arrús García Sebastián Darío , Ludeña Quiroz Andrea Melissa
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Valorar la asociación entre anemia severa al inicio de hemodiálisis y sobrevida al año en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica incidentes en hemodiálisis. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio observacional analítico de tipo cohorte retrospectiva en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica incidentes en hemodiálisis en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión y del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo entre Enero del 2015 y Diciembre del 2017. Dentro de las principales variables a estudiar, encontramos la anemia severa al inicio de hemodiálisis como variable independiente y la sobrevida al año como variable dependiente. Se utilizó el método de Kapplan Meier para la descripción de la función de sobrevida. En el análisis multivariado se aplicó el modelo crudo y ajustado de regresión de Cox y se presentó como medida de asociación al Hazard Ratio (HR) con un intervalo de confianza de 95%. Resultados: Se analizó una data de 462 pacientes. Se obtuvo como media 54.61 (±14.71) años y una prevalencia de varones de 60%. La proporción de anemia severa en la población fue de 60% y la mortalidad general fue de 30%. La función de sobrevida al año para los pacientes con anemia severa fue 71,6% (IC 0.65- 0.76) y para el grupo sin anemia severa fue 65.5% (IC 0.58-0.72). En el análisis multivariado la variable anemia severa obtuvo un HR ajustado de 0,81 (IC 0.57-1.15). Conclusiones: En nuestro estudio la mortalidad al año en pacientes con ERC (estadio 5), no se ve influenciada por la presencia de anemia severa al inicio de la hemodiálisis.
Relación entre el consumo de bebidas azucaradas e índice de masa corporal (IMC) en estudiantes universitarios, Lima, 2018-2019
Authors:   , Gutierrez Yllú Adriana Georgette
Published: June 2022

Introducción: El consumo de bebidas azucaradas (SSB) se ha relacionado con un incremento en el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), lo cual sería especialmente preocupante en poblaciones con un potencial de exposición prolongada, tales como estudiantes. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre el consumo calórico proveniente de SSB medido mediante el cuestionario Bevq-15 e IMC en estudiantes de carreras de ciencias de la salud de una universidad peruana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico en base a la medición del consumo calórico de 15 bebidas mediante la administración del cuestionario BEVQ-15 y la toma de medidas antropométricas a universitarios durante 2018 - 2019. Se evaluó la asociación cruda y ajustada usando modelos de regresión lineal. Resultados: Se incluyó a 350 personas. La mediana fue de 21 años y el 58.29% fueron mujeres. La mediana del IMC fue de 24.00 (21.75 - 26.90). El consumo promedio de calorías provenientes de bebidas azucaradas fue de 25.35 kcal/día. Se asoció un IMC menor con el sexo femenino (p<0.001), la carrera de nutrición (p=0.002) y nunca haber consumido tabaco (p=0.027). Se asoció un IMC mayor a la dislipidemia (p=0.014) y a un mayor consumo de calorías diarias provenientes de SSB (p<0.001). En el análisis multivariado se encontró asociación significativa entre el consumo de calorías provenientes de SSB y el IMC, ajustado por edad, sexo y tabaquismo (coeficiente β: 0.68; IC95% 0.04-1.33; p=0.037). Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación entre el consumo de calorías derivadas de SSB y un mayor IMC. Se debe impulsar intervenciones destinadas a la disminución de su consumo en estudiantes.
Profilaxis preexposición y desarrollo de resistencia a los inhibidores nucleósidos de la transcriptasa reversa: revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Davalos Soria Diana Evening , Mares Chiyón María Arantxa
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: sintetizar la evidencia acerca de la resistencia a inhibidores nucleósidos de la transcriptasa reversa (NRTI) en personas que reciben PrEP. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática de estudios experimentales. Se incluyeron estudios que comparaban el uso de PrEP frente a placebo o su no uso en población de riesgo para la infección de VIH; siendo el outcome evaluado el desarrollo de resistencia a NRTI. La selección de artículos y la extracción de datos fueron realizadas por dos revisores de manera independiente. Se realizó un metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios tanto de manera total como en subpoblaciones y según el momento de seroconversión. Para valorar el riesgo de sesgo se utilizó herramienta Risk of Bias 2.0 (RoB 2.0). Se usó como referencia el Software Review Manager 5. Resultados: se incluyeron nueve artículos correspondientes a seis estudios. Se encontró que el uso de PrEP no incrementa el riesgo de resistencia a TDF/FTC en la población total que recibió la intervención, haya o no presentado la infección. Sin embargo, en el grupo que seroconvirtió sí se encontró un mayor riesgo de resistencia en los que usaron PrEP (RR: 2,76; IC95%: 1,22 a 6,26; I2: 0%); el cual correspondía sólo al grupo que tenía infección por VIH latente al momento de iniciar la intervención (RR: 3,91; IC95%: 1,30 a 1,70; I2: 0%). Conclusiones: el uso de PrEP no incrementa el riesgo de resistencia a TDF/FTC en el total de usuarios, pero sí en pacientes con infección latente por el VIH al enrolamiento.
O ATOR-CRIADOR NO TEATRO PÓS-DRAMÁTICO: ABORDAGENS SOBRE A ATUAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Luft Evandro Hahn , Berselli Marcia
Published: June 2022

O artigo discorre sobre a atuação no processo de criação de uma encenação vinculada à estética pós-dramática, desenvolvida em ambiente acadêmico. A partir da análise de cenas do acontecimento cênico [informação suprimida para a avaliação] (2019), cotejam-se referências teóricas que abordam características específicas sobre atuação contemporânea (JACOBS, 2010; SILVA, 2013) e teatro pós-dramático (LEHMANN, 2007, 2013). Destaca-se a autonomia e a responsabilidade como competências operadas pelo ator pós-dramático.
O REAL QUE EMERGE NAS OBRAS AUTOBIOGRÁFICAS CONVERSAS COM MEU PAI E STABAT MATER DE JANAINA LEITE
Authors: Pereira Junior Mario Celso , Vetori de Souza Caroline , Dias Massa Clóvis
Published: June 2022

Nas últimas décadas, o teatro contemporâneo tem trazido para o foco da construção dramatúrgica o tensionamento entre o campo da ficção e do real. Muitos espetáculos buscam trabalhar com procedimentos criativos que façam emergir o real em cena, gerando uma potente desestabilização na recepção de tais obras. Com base na noção de real traumático em Lacan (1988, 2005), este artigo aborda a irrupção do real na malha simbólica da escritura dramatúrgica, a partir da análise das obras autobiográficas Conversas com meu pai (2014) e Stabat Mater (2019) de Janaina Leite.
ALIEN PEST TOUMEYELLA PARVICORNIS (COCKERELL) (HEMIPTERA: COCCIDAE) ON PINUS PINEA L.: SHORT TIME EVALUATION OF ENDOTHERAPIC TREATMENT
Authors: BERTIN SABRINA , ILARDI FILIPPO , SCAPINI CRISTIANO , SIMONI SAURO , ROVERSI PIO FEDERICO
Published: June 2022

The Pine Tortoise Scale Toumeyella parvicornis (Cockerell) is native to North America and was found for the first time in Italy in 2014, in Campania Region. This alien species gradually colonized woods and urban areas in Latium and subsequently moved northward in Tuscany and Abruzzo, and southward in Apulia. The scale was responsible for severe damages on the Stone Pine Pinus pinea L., a conifer representing an element of great importance in the Italian landscape and included in the Area Natura 2000 Network for its significant naturalistic interest. Heavy attacks of T. parvicornis on P. pinea cause a progressive defoliation on the canopies, and the plants quickly decline and are often irreversibly compromised. Such severe symptoms prompted studies for seeking control strategies with a low environmental impact that are suitable in urban areas. In this context, the National Reference Institute for Plant Protection was commissioned by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies to verify the potential of endotherapic methods against T. parvicornis. The effect of abamectin distributed by trunk injection technology (Nuovo Metodo Corradi®) was experimentally evaluated from April to October 2021 in a park in Rome (Central Italy) on 72 pine trees that showed strong and homogeneous scale infestations. 0.9 ml of a commercial product containing abamectin at 18.37 g/l concentration was injected per cm of plant diameter at breast height (dbh) through holes that were 6 mm in diameter and 6-7 cm in depth. This treatment provided an efficient control of T. parvicornis infestations on the pine trees throughout the growing season. The presence of mature females on the one-years-old twigs significantly decreased in treated pines from April to July (about 2 females/twig on average) and to October (about 1.8 females/twig) compared to the control untreated pines (about 40 and 14 females/twig in July and October, respectively). These results showed that a single endotherapic treatment with abamectin can efficiently reduce the populations of T. parvicornis at low density levels at least 25 weeks after the trunk injection. The treated pines also visibly appeared to recover from the severe infestation symptoms and no injury and bark lesions ascribable to the trunk drilling were observed. Key Words: Pine Tortoise Scale, trunk injection, abamectin, urban area.
Grey zones in the supportive treatments of cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Porcari Aldostefano , Pagura Linda , Varrà Guerino Giuseppe , Rossi Maddalena , Longo Francesca , Saro Riccardo , Barbisan Davide , Cittar Marco , Rapezzi Claudio , Merlo Marco
Published: June 2022

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) have translated into a longer life expectancy of patients and more challenging clinical scenarios. Compared to the past, patients with CA and heart failure (HF) currently encountered in clinical practice are a more heterogeneous population and require tailored strategies. The perception of CA as a treatable disease has opened new possibilities for the management of these patients, but many grey areas remain to be explored. The aim of this review is to provide practical suggestions for daily clinical activity in the management of challenging scenarios in CA, including the effectiveness and tolerability of evidence-based HF medication; rate vs. rhythm control in atrial fibrillation, thromboembolic risk, and anticoagulation therapies; replacement of severe aortic valve stenosis; the impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillator on survival; and the usefulness of cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Historiography of the Neolithic Trans-Urals: the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Cultures
Authors: Shorin A.F. , Shorina A.A.
Published: June 2022

The paper concerns the analysis of the history of the study of the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Neolithic Cul-tures. The territory of distribution of these archaeological cultures from the end of the 7th to the third quarter of the 5th millennium BC encompassed the forest Trans-Urals and the southern taiga zone of Western Siberia, as well as the adjacent northern edge of the forest-steppe. The source base of the research is represented by a critical analysis of scientific publications touching upon the problems of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals, primarily those addressing the functioning of the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Cultures, since the appearance of the first sci-entific concepts to the present day. Three stages in the history of the study of the analyzed cultures have been identified. Although the first artifacts of the Neolithic era are known in the region since as early as the 1830s–1860s, the beginning of the development of first scientific concepts about the Neolithic period of the Trans-Urals (the first stage) is associated with publications of V.N. Chernetsov and O.N. Bader at the turn of the 1860s–1870s. These researchers contemplated the development of the Trans-Ural Neolithic period within the framework of a single East-Urals culture in three successive stages. V.N. Chernetsov introduced the concept of “the Kozlov phase” into scientific discourse as the early stage, followed by the Yuryinsko-Gorbunovskaya and Chestyyag phases. O.N. Bader retained the name of the early stage as the Kozlov stage, but replaced the designation of the other two with the terms “Poludenskaya” and “Sosnovoostrovskaya” stages. A milestone in the historiography of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals was the monograph by V.T. Kovaleva published in 1989. Therein is intro-duced a new, fundamentally different from its predecessors, concept of the development of the Neolithic in the region. The researcher abandoned the view of the cultural unity of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals and substantiated two lines of development that had emerged already at the early stage — the Koshkino and Kozlov groups of archaeological sites — and which continued in the Late Neolithic as the Boborykino and Poludenskaya Cultures. Since then, the main ideas of V.T. Kovaleva's concept have been developing, or have been fundamen-tally revised on the basis of new sources compiled by the scientists.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Properties of CuAlO2 Synthesized from Nano-sized Precursors for Application in Smart Infrastructure Systems
Authors: Ghotbi Shabnam , Mousa Mohammad Abbas , Assi Lateef N , Ghahari SeyedAli
Published: June 2022

The current study aims to evaluate the influence of different sintering temperatures on the thermoelectric properties of copper aluminum oxide (CuAlO2) pellets synthesized from copper oxide (CuO) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) for application in smart infrastructure systems. The pellets were sintered at 400K, 1000K, and 1300K, in the presence of nitrogen gas flow to reduce the amount of oxygen availability. Chemical analysis of the CuAlO2 sintered nanoparticles by X-ray diffractometry, and the nanostructure of the materials were studied by scanning electron microscope. The transmittance of the sintered materials was examined by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and 67% transparency was observed for the pellets sintered at 1300K. Electrical conductivity was measured at 0.905 mS/cm, indicating the semiconducting behavior.
GIS-Based Spatial Analysis of Accident Hotspots: A Nigerian Case Study
Authors: Afolayan Abayomi , Abiola Oladapo Samson , Easa Said M. , Alayaki Funmilayo Modupe , Folorunso Olusegun
Published: June 2022

This study identified high-risk locations (hotspots), using geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. Five years of accident data (2013-2017) for the Lokoja-Abuja-Kaduna highway in Nigeria were used. Accident concentration analysis was carried out using the mean center analysis and Kernel density estimation method. These locations were further verified using Moran’s I Statistics (Spatial Autocorrelation) to determine their clustering with statistical significance. Fishnet polygon and Network spatial weight matrix approaches of Getis-Ord Gi* statistic for hotspot analysis were used for the hotspot analysis. Hotspots exist for 2013, 2014, and 2017 with a significance level between 95% - 99%. However, no hotspots exist for 2014 and 2015 since the pattern is random. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of the overall accident locations with a z-score = 0.0575, p-value = 0.9542, and Moran's I statistic = -0.0089 showed that the distribution of accidents on the study route is random. Thus, preventive measures for hotspot locations should be based on a yearly hotspot analysis. The average daily traffic values of 31,270 and 16,303 were obtained for the Northbound and Southbound directions of the Abaji-Abuja section. The results show that hotspot locations with high confidence levels are at points where there are geometric features.
The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Cognitive Function and the Implication for Rehabilitation: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Houben Sarah , Bonnechère Bruno
Published: June 2022

There is mounting evidence that patients with severe COVID-19 disease may have symptoms that continue beyond the acute phase, extending into the early chronic phase. Often referred to as 'Long COVID'. Simultaneously, case investigations have shown that COVID-19 individuals might have a variety of neurological problems. The accurate and accessible assessment of cognitive function in patients post COVID-19 infection is thus of increasingly high importance for both public and individual health. Little is known about the influence of COVID-19 on the general cognitive levels but more importantly, at sub functions level. Therefore, we first aim to summarize current level of evidence supporting a negative impact of COVID-19 infection on cognitive functions. 27 studies have been included in the systematic review representing a total of 94,103 participants (90,317 COVID-19 patients and 3,786 healthy controls). We then performed a meta-analysis summarizing the results of 5 studies (959 participants, 513 patients) to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on cognitive functions. The overall effect, expressed in Standardized Mean Differences, is -0.56 [95%CI -0.79 ; -0.34]. To prevent disability, we finally discuss the different approaches available in rehabilitation to help these patients and to avoid long-term complication.
Small Nucleolar Derived RNAs as Regulators of Human Cancer
Authors: Coley Alexander Bishop , DeMeis Jeffrey David , Chaudhary Neil Yash , Borchert Glen Mark
Published: June 2022

In the past decade, RNA fragments derived from full length small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been shown to be specifically excised and functional. These sno-derived RNAs (sdRNAs) have been implicated as gene regulators in a multitude of cancers, controlling a variety of genes post-transcriptionally via association with the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In this review, we have summarized the literature connecting sdRNAs to cancer gene regulation. SdRNAs possess miRNA-like functions, and are able to fill the role of tumor-suppressor or tumor-promoter in a tissue context-dependent manner. Indeed, there are many miRNAs that are actually derived from snoRNA transcripts, meaning that they are truly sdRNAs and as such are included in this review. As sdRNAs are frequently discarded from ncRNA analyses, we emphasize that sdRNAs are functionally relevant gene regulators and likely represent an overlooked subclass of miRNAs. Based on the evidence provided by the papers reviewed here, we propose that sdRNAs deserve more extensive study to better understand their underlying biology and to identify previously overlooked biomarkers and therapeutic targets for a multitude of human cancers.
Effect of Fermentation Response on Biosynthesis of Endopolygalacturonase by Utilizing Polymeric Substrates of Agricultural Origin from a Potent Strain of Bacillus
Authors: Rafique Nagina , Tabassum Romana , Khan Muhammad Zubair , Shah Tawaf Ali , Bashir Saiqa , Rafique Saima , Hayat Imran , Hussain Imtiaz , Akbar Shahzad , Ahmad Khawaja Shafique
Published: June 2022

Endopolygalacturonase (EndoPGase) is one of the crucial pectinases belonging to the class of carbohydrase. The catalytic action of EndoPGase captivate the attention for production of this extremely valuable catalyst of industrial sector. The main focus was to ascertain a potential bacterial candidate for endoPGase production. The isolated bacterial strain was further identified by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. A genomic library was constructed by using Lambda ZAP II vector system to investigate the pectinolytic potential of the expressed genes. The parameters for enzyme biosynthesis were optimized by single as well as multiple factor approach at a time. The results of our investigation led to the identification of a potent strain of Bacillus subtilis NR2. The strain was found active for pectic enzyme activity under shaking- flask fermentation at pH 5.0 and 50 °C temperature of incubation. Among all monomeric and polymeric substrates, citrus pectin followed by wheat bran was considered the best enzyme inducers at 1 % concentration. Moreover, an increasing trend in enzyme activity was observed with the increasing inducer concentration. The combined effect of three variables (pH, substrates, and substrate concentration) was explored by response surface methodology involving Box Benken Design (BBD). The study concluded that the soil isolated B. subtilis can be utilized for commercial scale pectinase enzyme production.
A Neural Network based Fusion Approach for Improvement of SAR Interferometry based Digital Elevation Models in Plain and hilly terrain of India
Authors: Girohi Priti , Bhardwaj Ashutosh
Published: June 2022

Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is an advanced remote sensing technique for studying the earth's surface topography and deformations. It is used to generate high-quality Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). DEMs are a crucial and primary input to various topographical quantification and modelling applications. The quality of input DEMs can be further improved using fusion methods, which combine multi-sensor or multi-temporal datasets intelligently to retrieve the best information amongst the input data. This research study is based on developing a Neural Network based fusion approach for improving InSAR based DEMs in plain and hilly terrains. The study areas comprise of relatively plain terrain from Ghaziabad and hilly terrain of Dehradun and their surrounding regions. The training dataset consists of DEM elevations and derived topographic attributes like slope, aspect, topographic position index (TPI), terrain ruggedness index (TRI), and vector roughness measure (VRM) in different land use land cover classes of the study areas. The spaceborne altimetry ICESat-2 ATL08 photon data is used as a reference elevation. A Feed Forward Neural Network with backpropagation algorithm is trained based on the prepared training samples. The trained model produces fused DEMs by learning the relationship between the input and target samples. This is used to predict elevations in the test areas. The accuracy of results from the models are assessed with TanDEM-X 90 m DEM. The fused DEMs show significant improvement in terms of RMSE over the input DEMs with improvement factor of 94.65 % in plain area and 82.62 % in hilly area. The study concludes that the ANN with its universal approximation property is able to significantly improve the fused DEM.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 28.05.2022 г. по 03.06.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: June 2022

В обзоре представлена информация по актуальным геновариантам вируса SARS-COV-2, циркулирующим в настоящее время, геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID.
Comparison of Simulated Low-Dose and Conventional-Dose CT for Preoperative Planning in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Lorenzana Daniel J. , Solomon Justin , French Robert J. , McCrum Erin , Jonkergouw Filip , Anakwenze Oke A. , Lassiter Tally , Samei Ehsan , Klifto Christopher S.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Shoulder computed tomography (CT) is commonly utilized in preoperative planning for total shoulder arthroplasty. Conventional-dose shoulder CT may expose patients to more ionizing radiation than is necessary to provide high-quality images for this procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of simulated low-dose CT images for preoperative planning using manual measurements and common preoperative planning software.

Methods:

Eighteen shoulder CT scans obtained for preoperative arthroplasty planning were used to generate CT images as if they had been acquired at reduced radiation dose (RD) levels of 75%, 50%, and 25% using a simulation technique that mimics decreased x-ray tube current. This technique was validated by quantitative comparison of simulated low-dose scans of a cadaver with actual low-dose scans. Glenoid version, glenoid inclination, and humeral head subluxation were measured using 2 commercially available software platforms and were also measured manually by 3 physicians. These measurements were then analyzed for agreement across RD levels for each patient. Tolerances of 5° of glenoid version, 5° of glenoid inclination, and 10% humeral head subluxation were used as equivalent for preoperative planning purposes.

Results:

At all RD levels evaluated, the preoperative planning software successfully segmented the CT images. Semiautomated software measurement of 25% RD images was within tolerances in 99.1% of measurements; for 50% RD images, within tolerances in 96.3% of measurements; and for 75% RD images, within tolerances in 100% of measurements. Manual measurements of 25% RD images were within these tolerances in 95.1% of measurements; for 50% RD images, in 98.8% of measurements; and for 75% RD images, in 99.4% of measurements.

Conclusions:

Simulated low-dose CT images were sufficient for reliable measurement of glenoid version, glenoid inclination, and humeral head subluxation by preoperative planning software as well as by physician-observers. These findings suggest the potential for substantial reduction in RD in preoperative shoulder CT scans without compromising surgical planning.

Clinical Relevance:

The adoption of low-dose techniques in preoperative shoulder CT may lower radiation exposure for patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty, without compromising image quality.
Difficulties In Understanding The Science Learning Material as Related to Educational Psychology
Authors: Umami Riza
Published: June 2022

This study aims to discuss the difficulties in understanding science subject matter associated with educational psychology. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, namely the data obtained by the author is presented in the discussion. In obtaining data, the author uses literature in the form of books and journals. The results showed that there are various kinds of difficulties in understanding science subject matter and there are factors that can be linked to educational psychology and also how to overcome these difficulties.
Guided by Experience: A Comparative Analysis of the U.S. Military Responses to Natural Disasters in Haiti (2010 and 2021)
Authors: Davis Christopher
Published: June 2022

In 2010 and 2021, Haiti was struck by a massive earthquake and both times it left the nation in the grips of a humanitarian crisis. The U.S. military responded to both events with a large-scale, interorganizational relief effort to provide aid to the affected areas. Though the disaster in 2010 created unprecedented challenges, the U.S. Southern Command met those challenges and applied their lessons to its response to the 2021 earthquake 11 years later.
Projected Future Changes in the Equatorial Wave Spectrum in CMIP6
Authors: Bartana Hagar , Garfinkel Chaim I. , Shamir Ofer , Rao Jian
Published: June 2022

The simulation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) is considered in 13 state-of-the-art models from phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). We use frequency-wavenumber power spectra of the models and observations for Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) and zonal winds at 250 hPa (U250), and consider the historical simulations and end of 21st century projections for the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. The models simulate a spectrum quantitatively resembling that observed, though systematic biases exist. MJO and Kelvin waves (KW) are mostly underestimated, while equatorial Rossby waves (ER) are overestimated. Most models project a future increase in power spectra for the MJO, while nearly all project a robust increase for KW and weaker power values for most other wavenumber-frequency combinations, including higher wavenumber ER. In addition to strengthening, KW also shift toward higher phase speeds (or equivalent depths). Models with a more realistic MJO in their control climate tend to simulate a stronger future intensification.
On the generation of global surrogate models through unconstrained multi-objective optimization
Authors: Monteiro Wellington Rodrigo , Reynoso-Meza Gilberto
Published: June 2022

Deep learning algorithms or ensemble machine learning models often increase accuracy in industry artificial intelligence applications. However, their complexity makes them difficult to understand and show their underlying logic and decisions. In safety-critical applications or for audit purposes, this opaqueness is undesirable. To this end, explainable artificial intelligence techniques attempt to show how these complex models work. One of these techniques is the global surrogate generation method, where simpler, intrinsically interpretable models are trained to provide predictions as close as possible to their complex counterparts. However, these methods often only consider a single error measure to generate these simpler models. In order to solve this problem, we propose a multi-objective optimization problem to generate surrogates optimizing multiple error metrics simultaneously. Results show that this proposal can generate surrogates for classification and regression problems, often outperforming the current state-of-the-art method.
Asymmetric impacts of renewable energy consumption and economic complexity on economic growth in Saudi Arabia: Evidence from the NARDL model
Authors: Mighri Zouheir , AlSaggaf Majid Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the asymmetric impacts of both renewable energy consumption and economic complexity on Saudi Arabia’s economic growth in a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) framework. Symmetric and asymmetric causality tests are also used to test the direction of the causal relationships between the variables. The NARDL model is estimated using quarterly data over the period 2000Q1-2015Q4. The results indicate that the long-term impact of a negative shock in renewable energy consumption on economic growth is significantly negative, while the short-term impact of either positive or negative shocks has a significant positive effect. Moreover, both positive and negative shocks in economic complexity have significant negative effects on economic growth in the long term, while economic growth is only affected by the negative change in economic complexity in the short term. Meanwhile, the symmetric/asymmetric causality nexus between positive/negative shocks to either renewable energy consumption or economic complexity and positive/negative shocks to economic growth is found to be neutral.
Ranking the Environmental Factors of Indoor Air Quality of Metropolitan Independent Coffee Shops by Random Forest Model
Authors: Lin Yu-Wen , Tang Chin-Sheng , Liu Hsi-Chen , Lee Tzu-Ying , Huang Hsiao-Yun , Hsu Tzu-An , Chang Li-Te
Published: June 2022

Independent coffee shops are the alternative workplaces for people working remotely from traditional offices but are not concerned about their indoor air quality (IAQ). This study aimed to rank the environmental factors in affecting the IAQ by Random Forest models. The indoor environments and human activities of participated independent coffee shops were observed and recorded for 3 consecutive days including weekdays and weekend during the business hours. The multi-sized particulate matter (PM), particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p-PAHs), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), CO, CO2, temperature and relative humidity were monitored. Random Forest models ranked the environmental factors. More than 20% of the 15-minute average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and CO2 exceeded the World Health Organization guidelines. Occupant density affected TVOCs, p-PAHs and CO2 concentrations directly. Tobacco smoking dominated PM10, PM2.5, TVOCs and p-PAHs concentrations mostly. CO concentration was affected by roasting bean first and tobacco smoking secondly. The non-linear relationships between temperature and these pollutants illustrated the relative low concentrations happened at temperature between 22°C and 24°C. Tobacco smoking, roasting beans and occupant density are the observable activities to alert the IAQ change. Monitoring CO2 and optimizing the room temperature could also be the surrogate parameters to assure the IAQ.