bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PKM OPTIMALISASI UMKM CAR BODY PAINT BERBASIS TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT DAN INOVASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN
Authors: Fatimah Feti , Kosjoko Kosjoko , Ramadhanita Mega Wahyu , Sofianto Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Mitra kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah Usaha Mikro, Kecil Menengah Â Car Body Paint. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada mitra yakni kurangnya alat kerja yang memadai untuk melakukan kegiatan operasional, manajemen usaha yang belum tertata, sumber daya manusia yang kurang profesional dalam bekerja, dan inovasi strategi pemasaran yang belum tepat sehingga usaha sulit berkembang. Tujuan utama kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat yang berjudul â€œOptimalisasi Usaha Mikro, Kecil Menengah Car Body Paint Berbasis Total Quality Management dan Inovasi Strategi Pemasaranâ€ adalah mengatasi berbagai masalah kurangnya alat kerja yang memadai untuk melakukan kegiatan operasional, sumber daya manusia yang kurang profesional dalam bekerja, manajemen usaha yang belum tertata, dan strategi pemasaran yang ada pada mitra usaha tersebut. Berbagai masalah tersebut, membuat masih cukup sulit bagi mitra usaha untuk mengembangkan usahanya sehingga perlu dilakukan sebuah Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) yang bersifat problem solving dan partisipatif sesuai dengan masalah yang dihadapi oleh mitra usaha tersebut. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 2 (dua) mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Prodi Manajemen Univesitas Muhammadiyah Jember dengan harapan agar mereka belajar bagaimana penerapan TQM dan berinovasi dalam strategi pemasaran di dunia usaha serta membantu terlaksana kegiatan ini. Target khusus dalam program PKM ini ditekankan pada penyediaan alat kerja yang dapat meningkatkan produktifitas, penerapan Total Quality Management, dan pendampingan melakukan inovasi strategi pemasaran. Diharapkan target luaran pada Program Kemitraan Masyarakat ini antara lain: 1) Pengadaan alat kerja yang lebih lengkap dan modern sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas yakni dengan pengadaan Spray Gun, Compresor, mesin poles, Tool Set Mekanik dan Alat Ketok Magic untuk Mobil Penyok. 2) Pembenahan struktur organisasi dan pembagian tugas karyawan yang jelas pada mitra usaha. 3) Pelatihan dan pendampingan pelaksanaan Total Quality Management sehingga usaha dijalankan dengan manajemen terpadu dan semua sumber daya manusia yang terlibat berkerja secara profesional dan dengan pembagian pekerjaan yang jelas, dan 4) Pelatihan dan pendampingan malakukan inovasi strategi pemasaran yang tepat.Â Kata kunci : UMKM, Car Body Paint, Total Quality Management, Inovasi Strategi Pemasaran
OPTIMALISASI RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU (RTH) MUSHOLLAH DARUSSALAM DESA LEMAHBANGDEWO ROGOJAMPI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI BERBASIS GREEN AREA (SEBAGAI AREA RESAPAN) GUNA MENINGKATKAN KENYAMANAN
Authors: Rifqi Mirza Ghulam , Yuliandoko Herman , Amin M. Shofiâ€™ul , Khairunnisa Syarifah , Kuswoyo Hendri , Saputra Irawan , Anindita Farra , Azizah Barirotul
Published: January 2021

Mushollah Darussalam merupakan mushollah fasilitas sosial (Fasos) yang disediakan oleh developer guna menunjang aktivitas ibadah bagi warga muslim di Perumahan Citra Garden. Mushollah Darussalam memilikiÂ  halaman yang cukup luas namun menimbulkan kesan kurang luas, akibat dari belum tertatanya halamanÂ  Mushollah secara optimal. Kondisi yang kotor, rimbun dan tidak tertata mengurangi keindahan dan kenyamanan masyarakat desa Lemahbangdewo dalam beraktivitas dan beribadah. Metode : Kegiatan ini merupakan upaya-upaya guna mengoptimalisasi RTNH Mushollah Darussalam dengan konsep green area. Halaman mushollah ditata dan dilapisi material perkerasan agar bersih, luas dan rapi namun tetap mengoptimalkan fungsinya sebagai area resapan. Pada kegiatan ini dilakukan beberapa tahapan dengan alur pelaksanaannya yang meliputi survey lokasi dan pengukuran lokasi, koordinasi hasil survey dan penyusunan draf gambar rencana, penyusunan desain RTNH, koordinasi dan penyampaian hasil penyusunan gambar rencana dan penerapan gambar rencana serta penerapan teknologi tepat guna.Hasil : Kegiatan ini berhasil memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya penataan area terbuka. Kegiatan ini berhasil mengubah wajah halaman Mushollah Darussalam yang awalnya kotor, rimbun dan tidak tertata menjadi rapi, bersih, menimbulkan kesan luas dan asri. Penataan landscape dikombinasikan dengan taman dan material berpori sehingga area resapan masih berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Dengan dilakukannya penataan landscape halaman mushollah, masyarakat bisa melakukan aktivitas luar ruangan di halaman mushollah Darussalam. Â Kata Kunci : Mushollah Darussalam, green area, landscape, material berpori.
PEMBUATAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH (ZPT) ORGANIK CAIR PADA KELOMPOK TANI TELADAN KECAMATAN SUMBERJAMBE, KABUPATEN JEMBER, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Asmono Sepdian Luri , Harlianingtyas Irma , Putra Dhanang Eka
Published: January 2021

Some organic ingredients are known to contain nutrients and natural plant growth regulators (PGR), such as coconut water, young corn, sprouts, banana weevil, bamboo shoots. These materials are also a substrate for multiplying local microorganisms that are good for the soil. Therefore, the purpose of community service activities in the Exemplary Farmers Group, Sumberjambe Jember is to introduce, improve skills and implement local microorganism fermentation technologies (bioactivators) using organic materials that contain natural plant growth regulators. This activity uses direct methods and practices for making natural PGR. The results achieved based on the indicators of the implementation of this training include the response of the attendance of the training participants attended by 30 people or 100% invited to attend the training event. In addition, during the extraction and fermentation activities of organic materials, it was seen that participants knew the sequence of procedures for making Natural PGR from the results of discussions and questions and answers. In addition, a quantitative assessment of the success of the briefing activity was carried out through pre-test and post-test. The results obtained in the initial test mean the understanding of natural PGR is 25, while the post-test mean score after implementation is 75. Based on the pre-test and post-test results, there is a significant increase in participants' knowledge about organic growth regulators . These results can also indicate that this activity is able to increase participants' knowledge. In practice about 80% of participants have been able to extract and mix ingredients for the fermentation process. The indicator of success is evident from the well-fermented natural PGR material which is characterized by a brown color and acidic odor resembling tapai.
PENERAPAN DAN PELATIHAN E-COMMERCE PADA USAHA BENGKEL MITRA KARYA SITRA JEMBER
Authors: Wijayanti Rahma Rina , Ardhiarisca Oryza , Sumadi Sumadi , Putra Rediyanto
Published: January 2021

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang akan dilakukan pada usaha Bengkel Mitra Karya Satria Jember dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan daya saing. Pengabdian ini menggunakan skema Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM). Masalah yang dihadapi oleh usaha bengkel ini adalah terdiri dari dua yaitu masalah kendala terkait kegiatan promosi yang masih sederhana. Solusi yang diberikan pada pengabdian ini melakukan pembuatan media pemasaran online untuk memperluas jangkauan promosi. Target yang ingin dicapai dari pengabdian ini adalah usaha bengkel Mitra Karya Satria Jember dapat memiliki peningkatan daya saing yang lebih baik, sehingga mampu menciptakan kesejahteraan yang lebih tinggi. Luaran dari pengabdian masyarakat adalah: satu produk blog pemasaran, satu artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan melalui jurnal nasional ber ISSN, dokumentasi video kegiatan, dan peningkatan keberdayaan mitra sesuai permaslahan yang dihadapi.Â
Kreatif Mengantisipasi Gagal Panen Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Organik Hasil Pertanian Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Pestisida Organik
Authors: Yusuf Cholyubi , A. Gemaputri Ariesia , Sundari Sri , Pongoh Ida Adha Anrosana
Published: January 2021

Pelaksanaan Pengabdian Masyarakat PNBP pada Kelompok tani â€œAdil Makmurâ€ berawal dari permintaan bantuan solusi yang berkaitan dengan bagaimana mengolah limbah organik hasil pertanian menjadi produk yang bermanfaat bagi tanaman lagi selain untuk pakan ternak dan pupuk organik. Permasalahan utama yang dikemukakan oleh ketua kelompok tani â€œAdil Makmur adalah limbah organik hasil pertanian pada kelompok ini belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal, sehingga tampak seperti onggokan sampah yang tidak berguna yang pada akhirnya akan dibakar agar tidak terlihat menumpuk pada salah satu sudut lahan petani. dan bentuk produk apa yang tepat untuk dapat dimanfaatkan kembali oleh petani dalam kegiatan budidayanya. Secara rinci permasalahan yang ditemukan pada saat survey lapang antara lain; (1) belum termanfaatkannya limbah organik hasil pertanian secara maksimal; (2) bagaimana implementasi produk hasil olahan limbah organik hasil pertanian yang berupa pestisida organik; (3) Bagaimana mengkomersialkan produk olahan limbah organikhasil pertanian;(4) bagaimana cara mengurus ijin edar produk agar produk dapat di terima oleh konsumen tanpa ragu dalam penggunaannya Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah diuraikan, maka kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat PNBP ini bertujuan mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra dengan menawarkan suatu bentuk pelatihan mengolah limbah organik hasil pertanian yang mudah dilakukan oleh mitra serta pendampingan implementasi produk yang dihasilkan. Pelatihan pengemasan produk sebagai upaya komersialisasi produk dan pelatihan manajemen usaha untuk menunjang keberlangsungan usaha produksi pestisida organik. Pendampingan dan pelatihan cara mengurusÂ  ijin edar produk untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan konsumen dan memperluas wilayah pemasaran produk.Â Â
PENINGKATAN KETRAMPILAN PETERNAK SUSU PERAH DALAM PROSES PENANGANAN PEMERAHAN SUSU DI MITRA PRODUKSI SUSU PASTEURISASI BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI MEDAN PULSA LISTRIK TEGANGAN TINGGI
Authors: Erawantini Feby , Hariono Budi , Budiprasojo Azamataufiq , Puspitasari Trismayanti Dwi
Published: January 2021

Susu merupakan bahan pangan sempurna karena mempunyai nilai gizi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan nilai gizi sumber pangan lainnya. Produk susu mempunyai sifat tidak tahan lama dan mudah rusak (perishable food) dan berpotensi mengandung bahaya (potentially hazardous food/PHF). Susu diperah dari ambing ternak sehat tidak bebas dari mikroba dan mengandung sampai 500 organisme/ml, jika ambing pada ternak sakit maka jumlah mikroorganisme dapat meningkat menjadi 20.000 mikroorganisme/ml. Ambing susu ternak dapat menjadi sumber pencemaran mikroorganisme, karena mikroorganisme dapat tumbuh dan berkembang sedikit agak jauh kedalam puting yang tidak tertutup dan biasanya dalam kondisi basah. Mikroorganisme terbawa sebagai sumber pencemaran, ketika susu mulai diperah, bagian pertama dari pemerahan biasanya dibuang karena dapat mengandung hingga 50.000 mikroorganisme/ml. Sumber pencemaran lain dapat berasal dari lingkungan kandang (lantai, udara, debu dan air), tubuh dan kotoran kambing, pakan, peralatan pemerahan, pekerja, pencemaran selama penyimpanan dan pemasaran. Kandungan mikroorganisme pada susu merupakan fungsi dari waktu, penanganan susu menentukan jenis mikroorganisme yang terbawa, sedangkan suhu penyimpanan menentukan kecepatan perkembangbiakan mikroorganisme. Kualitas bahan baku susu menjadi faktor utama keberhasilan penerapan teknologi pasteurisasi susu metode medan pulsa listrik tegangan tinggi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah mikroba adalah Total Plate Count (TPC) sesuai SNI 2897-2008. Hasil yang diperoleh dengan menerapkan SOP pemerahan susu diperoleh jumlah mikroba pada susu segar sebesar 6,91 x 102 cfu/ml dan hasil susu yang telah dipasteurisasi dengan teknologi HPEF sebesar 1,96 x 102 cfu/ml atau menurunkan total mikroba sebesar 76%.Â
Iptek Pengolahan Limbah Peternakan Menjadi Pupuk Organik Kualitas Pabrikan di Kelompok Ternak Limusin Jagir, Desa Kemuning Lor, Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Wulandari Suci , Subagja Hariadi , Laksito Rukmi Dyah
Published: January 2021

AbstrakPermasalahan utama di Kelompok ternak â€˜Limusin Jagirâ€ adalah membutuhkan pendapatan tambahan secara kontinyu dari usaha peternakan sapi dan kambing. Pembuatan pupuk organik yang bermutu merupakan alternatif solusi yang baik. Hal ini dikarenakan:1)Bahan baku pembuatan pupuk organik berupa kotoran ternak, ketersediaannya selalu ada; 2)Daya terima konsumen dan pemasaran pupuk organik cukup baik. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah: 1)Memberikan bekal pengetahuanÂ  dan ketrampilan mengenai penggunaan starter mikrobia akan dihasilkan pupuk organik yang lebih cepat (hanya 21 hari sampai 28 hari dari umumnya lebih dari 5 bulan) dan berkualitas, yaitu bentuknya remah dan sudah dingin siap pakai untuk digunakan sebagai sumber makro mineral dan mikro mineral yang lengkap bagi tanaman. Jenis mikrobia yang dapat mengurai bahan organik antara lain Bacillus sp., Aeromonas sp., dan Aspergilus nigger. Mikrobia ini dapat dibuat sendiri dalam bentuk mikrobia lokal atau MOL, maupun yang tersedia di toko yaitu EM4; 2)Memberikan wawasan dan ketrampilan cara pengemasan yang kuat dan menarik, dapat meningkatkan nilai jual produk dan memberikan produk khas Desa Kemuning. Metode pelaksanaan seliputi: a)persiapan kegiatan, kemudian dilakukan b)penyuluhan, c)pelatihan dan bantuan peralatan pendukung, serta d)evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: 1)Kegiatan pengabdian mendapat respon positip dari kelompok peternak; 2)Pemberian bantuan berupa mesin jahit karung, peralatan pembuatan pupuk seperti sekop, terpal, dan sak kemasan dengan ukuran 5 kg dan 15 kg,Â  bahan untuk pembuat pupuk organik, seperti starter, tetes, sekam dan kapur. Pemberian alat bahan dimaksudkan sebagai contoh macam-macan alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan pupuk organik; dan 3)Respon para peternak sangat antusias dengan aktif mengikuti kegiatan saat pengabdian, dan langsung mengaplikasikan pada tanaman sayurnya.Keywordsâ€”Desain kemasan, Kemuning Lor, Limbah peternakan, Pupuk organik,.
Penerapan Teknologi Reproduksi Inseminasi Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Reproduksi dan pemberdayaan Peternak Itik di Kecamatan Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Hertamawati Rosa Tri , Luqman Epy Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Kecamatan Candi di Â Kabupaten Sidoarjo merupakan sentra produksi telur itik yang Â memerlukan diversifikasi usaha untuk mengatisipasi harga pasar telur itik tidak stabil.Â  Usaha pembibitan melalui teknologi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) merupakan salah satu diversifikasi produk untuk menghasilkan telur tetas sebagai upaya untuk menghasilkan DOD yang mempunyai daya tetas tinggi dan meningkatkan efisiensi pejantan. Pengabdian masyarakatÂ  iniÂ  dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Candi Kebupaten Sidoarjo selama 2 bulan yang terbagi dalam dua tahap yaitu : Â Pada tahap I dilakukan interview dan wawancara ntuk mengeÂ­taÂ­hui latar belakang pengetahuan, minat dan Â kemampuan dalam para peternak inseminasi buatan pada itik. Pada tahap II diberikan pelatihan pada peternak Â dan Â mengevaluasi pengetahuan Â dan Â kemampuan secara teoritis dalam inseminasi buatan pada itik.Â  Evaluasi untuk mengetahui kemampuan dan minat peternak, evaluasi ini dilakukan selama kegiatan berupa kuisioner untuk pre dan post test. Â Pemberdayaan Â melalui penyuluhan dan pelatihanÂ  telah Â mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan peternak itik di Kelompok Peternak Itik sebesar 14,74 % dan sebagian Â besarÂ  peternakÂ  itik (73,68 %) berminat menerapkan teknologi IB pada itik sebagai upaya efisiensi penggunaan pejantan itik, meningkatkan fertilitas dan daya serta kualitas anak itik dalam rangka meningkatkan pendapatan. Â
Pemberdayaan Wanita Tani dalam Penyediaan Benih untuk Mendukung Urban Farming di Kelurahan Balumbang Jaya, Kota Bogor
Authors: Jannah Asmanur , Rosyad Astryani , Masnang Andi , Anggarawati Sari , Arifien Yunus , Budibruri Wibaningwati Dyah , Fitriani Anna , Maad Faizal , Rosiana Agista , Febrian Rhamdiani Refatria , Bakri Abi , Jono Muhammad
Published: January 2021

The Department of Agriculture and Food Security of Bogor City encourages its residents to be able to maximize agricultural potential even though the available land is limited in order to improve food security and family welfare. Optimal use of any agricultural land by using superior seeds and appropriate technology through a production process that meets quality assurance standards and is environmentally sound. The availability of seeds is an important factor in the development of urban farming because seeds are one of the main production facilities in plant cultivation activities. Extension activities and seed production training for 15 members of the Dalima and Lestari Women's Farmer Group, Balumbang Jaya Village, West Bogor District, are expected to be able to increase the ability of farmer groups to be able to produce seeds independently both for their own and commercial needs. Extension activities on understanding the quality of seeds and training on good seed production methods, starting from selecting the level of fruit maturity in accordance with the criteria to be used as seeds, pre-processing, cleaning, sorting and drying seeds, as well as packaging and storing seeds are very enthusiastic to be followed by the women's group. farmers in Balumbang Jaya Village. The response of the women farmer groups to this activity was very satisfied and asked that this activity be developed into other commodities.
Pengembangan dan Validasi Kuesioner untuk Menilai Miskonsepsi tentang Pengobatan pada Hipertensi dan Diabetes Melitus dengan Kejadian Gagal Ginjal
Authors: Kurniawan Irwan Nuryana , Yuantari Rahma , Sulistyowatiningsih Endang , Faizah Ani Khotul , Ningrum Vitarani Dwi Ananda
Published: January 2021

Miskonsepsi tentang pengobatan menjadi salah satu faktor tingginya ketidakpatuhan pengobatan. Masyarakat beranggapan bahwa penggunaan obat rutin pada hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus (DM) dapat menyebabkan gagal ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan kuesioner valid dan reliabel yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur miskonsepsi masyarakat tentang pengobatan jangka panjang pada hipertensi dan DM dengan kejadian gagal ginjal. Pengembangan kuesioner dilakukan dalam 5 tahap yakni konseptualisasi, konstruksi alat ukur, uji coba melalui studi 1 pada 240 mahasiswa/i medis dan non-medis, dan studi 2 pada 300 masyarakat di wilayah Kabupaten Sleman, tes revisi dan selanjutnya tahap analisis melalui uji reliabilitas alpha cronbach. Sementara itu, uji validitas dilakukan dengan membandingkan kuesioner ini dengan kuesioner terpercaya lainnya. Hasil skala pengetahuan tentang terapi hipertensi dan DM terkait kejadian gagal ginjal pada studi 1 dan studi 2 tersusun atas 4 variabel pengetahuan meliputi: pengetahuan terapi hipertensi dan DMT (α 0.742, α 823), miskonsepsi penggunaan obat rutin (α 0.835, α 0.805), pengetahuan obat penyebab gagal ginjal (α 0.582), (α 0.581), serta pengetahuan faktor risiko gagal ginjal (α  0.721, α 0.698). Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bukti awal dan menyediakan instumen valid dan relevan untuk mengukur tingkat miskonsepsi masyarakat tentang pengobatan jangka panjang pada hipertensi dan DM terkait dengan gagal ginjal.
Diare Akibat Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Anak: Apa Saran yang Diberikan oleh Apoteker Komunitas?
Authors: Putri Virginia Johanes , Setiadi Adji Prayitno , Rahem Abdul , Brata Cecilia , Wibowo Yosi Irawati , Setiawan Eko , Halim Steven Victoria
Published: January 2021

Diare akibat penggunaan antibiotik (antibiotic-associated diarrhea; AAD) merupakan salah satu gangguan klinis yang seringkali terjadi pada anak dan perlu mendapat intervensi dari dokter untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Dengan mempertimbangkan bahwa swamedikasi seringkali menjadi pilihan masyarakat ketika menghadapi kasus diare, apoteker di komunitas memiliki peran penting dalam mengarahkan masyarakat ke dokter untuk mengatasi masalah terkait AAD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan ketepatan rekomendasi apoteker dalam menanggapi permintaan swamedikasi terkait kasus AAD pada anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di wilayah Timur kota Surabaya. Sebuah kuesioner yang berisi pertanyaan terkait karakteristik peserta dan sebuah kasus digunakan pada proses pengambilan data. Validasi isi dari kasus serta penentuan kunci jawaban dilakukan melalui diskusi yang melibatkan pakar farmasi klinis, farmasi praktis, dan kesehatan masyarakat. Total terdapat 84 apoteker terlibat dalam penelitian ini; response rate 38,71%. Pemberian rekomendasi produk obat baik dengan maupun tanpa rujukan ke dokter atau saran non-farmakologi diberikan oleh 75 (89,29%) partisipan dan jenis obat yang paling sering direkomendasikan adalah probiotik, kaolin-pektin, domperidon, attapulgit. Sebanyak 26 apoteker (30,95%) memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat, yaitu: rujuk dokter segera dengan atau tanpa disertai rekomendasi lain. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan perlunya intervensi untuk mengoptimalkan pemberian rekomendasi apoteker komunitas pada kasus AAD anak.
Studi Interaksi Senyawa Turunan Saponin dari Daun Bidara Arab (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) sebagai Antiseptik Alami secara In Silico
Authors: Darusman Fitrianti , Fakih Taufik Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Christinin merupakan senyawa turunan glikosida saponin yang paling banyak terdapat dalam daun bidara arab (Ziziphus spina-christi L.). Terdapat empat tipe christinin yaitu christinin-A, B, C, dan D yang diduga memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba yang efektif terhadap bakteri dan jamur, seperti Staphylococcus epidermidis, Echerichia coli, dan Candida albicans yang sering menyebabkan infeksi pada permukaan kulit yang biasanya dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan cairan antiseptik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi serta mengeksplorasi afinitas dan interaksi molekular antara senyawa christinin-A, B, C, dan D terhadap makromolekul target pada Staphylococcus epidermidis, Echerichia coli dan Candida albicans dengan menggunakan simulasi penambatan molekular secara in silico. Molekul senyawa uji terlebih dahulu dioptimasi geometri dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak GaussView 5.0.8 dan Gaussian09. Konformasi terbaik dipilih untuk dilakukan studi interaksi terhadap makromolekul target dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak MGLTools 1.5.6 yang dilengkapi dengan AutoDock 4.2. Interaksi yang terbentuk selanjutnya diamati dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2020.  Berdasarkan hasil dari simulasi penambatan molekular, senyawa christinin memiliki afinitas yang baik terhadap makromolekul target pada Staphylococcus epidermidis, Echerichia coli dan Candida albicans. Dengan demikian, senyawa tersebut diprediksi dapat digunakan sebagai kandidat komponen utama dari antiseptik alami.
Perkembangan Terkini Terapi Antikoagulan Pada Pasien Covid-19 Bergejala Berat
Authors: Rusdiana Taofik , Akbar Rizki
Published: January 2021

Penyakit covid-19 yang disebabkan oleh virus sarcov-2 awalnya hanya dinyatakan sebagai penyakit pernafasan, namun kemudian diketahui dampak dari penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan kerusakan multiorgan karena adanya fenomeda badai sitokin yang menyebabkan inflamasi dimana-mana termasuk pada pembuluh darah yang menuju berbagai organ penting. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap seberapa signifikan fenomeda koagulasi darah hasil kerja virus covid-19 ini hingga menyebabkan manifestasi tromboembolisme baik dalam terminologi tromboemboli vena, deep vein thrombosis, tromboemboli paru dan lain-lain, juga kemungkinan mekanisme yang terjadi dan yang terpenting dalam tulisan ini adalah seberapa efektifkah penggunaan obat antikoagulan pada pasien covid-19 bergejala berat.
PANCREAS HORMONES- INSPIRED METHOD
Authors:   Faculty of Computer and Information Technology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen, Lala’a Baida'a , Al-Gaphari Ghaleb
Published: January 2021

This paper intends to formulate a new multi-objective inspired method, called Pancreas Hormones Method (PHM) for solving optimization problems. PHM is a population-based method, which based on biological nature of pancreas hormones in the maintenance of blood glucose level in the human body system. The adaptive blood glucose control system has provided useful alternatives and supplements to the types of optimization problems embodied in distributed systems. In this method, cell absorption of glucose is considered as a candidate solution; this happens when each cells' receptors in the human body bind with insulin granule, which allows utilizing glucose by a cell. The pancreas evaluates the fitness of all solutions by measure blood glucose level (BGL) in each iteration (secretion phases). Insulin granules (molecules) tend to target cells randomly and search for the optimal solutions which can get it by retard BGL to normal range. In each generation of the algorithm, the best solution is which can access the BGL to the balance point, whereas the other solutions are considered as a searcher of the search space. In this paper, PHM designed, and then it validated, tested on the bases of standard benchmarks and compared with the results of some successful algorithms. The results of PHM are promising.
XRAY MEDICAL IMAGE CHARACTERIZATION WITH SPARSE RADIATION BASED ON WAVELETS
Authors:   Computer Science Faculty Autonomous University of Queretaro Querétaro, Querétaro, Acuna-García José Alfredo
Published: January 2021

In medical radiology there are large amounts of digital images in hospitals and health centers. Equipment that enables the acquisition of medical radiographs uses X-radiation sensor plates for image acquisition in medical diagnosis. Medical radiology equipment uses anti-scatter grids, which are physical devices, to avoid unwanted effects on imaging. In the present work, we analyse from a qualitative point of view the radiation scattering effect that is caused in images without the presence of the anti-scattering grid. In this research, the acquisition of radiological images was made by means of X-ray equipment with an anti-scattering grid, capturing images without scattering and others that only present radiation scattering as a point of comparison. The methodology uses the Wavelet transformation to image characterization in segment process that define the regions that affect the different types of dispersion presented in X radiation. The tool used for the analysis of the images is the multi-resolution Wavelet transform, specifically the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The methodology was applied to different 2D radiological images in shades of gray. In the images used, it showed a robustness in the differentiation of X radiation incidence zones. This work is the beginning of a distortion analysis for the reconstruction of this type of images.
A RULE-BASED STEMMER FOR PUNJABI ADJECTIVES
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal, Sangrur, India, Kaur Harmanjeet , Buttar Preetpal Kaur
Published: January 2021

This research work is concerned with the development of a rule-based stemmer for stemming of adjectives in the Punjabi language. Stemming is a method of deriving the root word from the inflected word. The proposed Punjabi Adjective Stemmer (PAS) uses a rule-based approach for converting the inflected Punjabi adjectives to their root forms. A database containing valid root adjectives occurring in the Punjabi language has been created. This database stores 1,762 Punjabi root adjectives. When an adjective word is fed to PAS as an input, first it compares the input word with the root database to determine whether the input adjective is a root adjective or an inflected one. If the input adjective is a root adjective, then no stemming is required and the input adjective is returned as the output. Otherwise, the inflected input adjective is sent to the suffix-stripping algorithm to get the corresponding root adjective. The suffix-stripping algorithm uses a set of predefined rules. India is a linguistically rich country with 22 languages recognized officially. But the computational resources developed for these languages are very scarce. Most of the stemmers developed for Punjabi language so far concentrated on nouns and proper names. PAS is the only stemmer developed so far for specifically addressing the problem of stemming of Punjabi adjectives. PAS has an overall accuracy of 88.76%.
RESTORATION OF MURALS
Authors:   M.Tech (IT) Banasthali university, Rajasthan, India, Singh Shivanee , Bansal Shreya
Published: January 2021

Murals are an integral part of our heritage and culture. So there is a need to preserve them for coming generations. The major caused for its deterioration can be odd weather conditions, dust, smoke etc. It can be affected as cracks or decolourisation. Due to the irreversibility of chemical restoration of murals, we can go for digital restoration of murals. In this paper, we reviewed about the techniques of digital restoration of murals including crack detection and filling, colour restoration.
A HYBRID APPROACH FOR INTRUSION DETECTION USING K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors:   Department of Computing and Information Systems  Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Belihuloya, Sri Lanka, D M C Dissanayake , U A D N Anuradha
Published: January 2021

Network intrusion detection is an important process in this era due to the increase of cyber violations. In this article, a hybrid approach which utilizes K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm and Artificial Neural Network to detect intrusions, is proposed. NSL-KDD dataset was used for the study. Initially, data preprocessing was carried out. Encoding was done as the first step of the pre-process which was accomplished using one hot encoding. Then, features were inserted into feature scaling which was done using Min-max normalization. Feature reduction is the final step of the pre-process which was achieved using Principal Component Analysis. Subsequently, K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm was used as binary classifier that classify data into normal and abnormal classes. Then, the abnormal class was further classified into four major attack types using Artificial Neural Network. Finally, the model was evaluated and results show that the model has high accuracy and very low overfitting and underfitting.
EQUIPE EDITORIAL E AVALIADORES AD HOC - VOLUME 8, N. 3, DA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Wielewski Gladys Denise , Ribeiro Marcel Thiago Damasceno , Kalhil Josefina Barrera , Macêdo Cristiano da Silva , Brito Licurgo Peixoto de , Costa Dailson Evangelista , Lopes Thiago Beirigo
Published: January 2021

Neste documento apresentamos os nomes, instituições, cidades, estados e países dos integrantes da equipe editorial, equipe técnica, conselho científico consultivo (nacional e internaciona), comitê científico assessor (nacional e internacional), bem como dos avaliadores ad hoc deste número 3 do volume 8 da Revista REAMEC, correspondente aos meses de setembro a dezembro de 2020.
EDITORIAL DO VOLUME 8, Nº. 3, DA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Wielewski Gladys Denise , Ribeiro Marcel Thiago Damasceno , Kalhil Josefina Barrera , Macêdo Cristiano da Silva , Brito Licurgo Peixoto de , Costa Dailson Evangelista , Lopes Thiago Beirigo
Published: January 2021

Este editorial objetiva apresentar os artigos publicados na Revista REAMEC - Rede Amazônica de Educação em Ciências e Matemática, volume 8, nº. 3, setembro a dezembro de 2020, e algumas informações a respeito do desenvolvimento da Revista neste período. Trata-se de um texto informativo que busca situar o leitor sobre os 40 artigos publicados no referido número, destacando os seguintes aspectos: título, autores, objetivo, síntese metodológica e principais resultados. Além disso, buscar informar e registrar algumas ações entendidas como relevantes para o desenvolvimento deste periódico, considerando o objetivo e as metas informadas no seu site.
Dietary Practices and Nutritional Status of the Urban Vulnerable: A Cross Sectional Study on Waste Collectors of Dhaka City in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Asit , Rifat M A , Sufian Hazera Binte , Zahid MD Khurshidul
Published: January 2021

Purpose

The socioeconomic conditions of urban waste collectors are vulnerable. However, their nutrition vulnerability remains undocumented. Here we focused on dietary practices and the nutritional status of waste collectors of Dhaka city in Bangladesh.

Methods

A cross-sectional design was employed that included 130 waste collectors from 15 different sites of Dhaka city. The 24-hours recall method, body mass index (BMI) and BMI for age Z-score were used to determine dietary practices and nutritional status respectively. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to observe the associations and their risk factors.

Results

The majority (58.5%) of the waste collectors were normal by BMI whereas 36.2%, 4.5%, and 0.8% were underweight, overweight, and obese respectively. The prevalence of underweight was higher among males and respondents less than 18-years old (P<0.001). The dietary pattern of the respondents was poor. Meals were mainly rice and vegetable-based. Consumption of meats, eggs and fruits was low. Only 18.4% and 16.92% respondents were found to consume meat and eggs at least once a day, respectively. In addition, 78.5% consumed insufficient foods in their main meals, 9.2% had skipped meals and 13.1% consumed stale food and food waste regularly. Consumption of less than three main meals a day and food of poor dietary quality were risk factors of underweight.

Conclusion

Findings demonstrated that waste collectors in Dhaka city had poor nutritional status which was primarily associated with inadequate dietary intake. Increased quality and quantity of food in the diet, which could be achieved through appropriate health and nutritional support, are needed to overcome the situation.
Investigation of wheat - Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.)) composite flours and baking temperature for cookies production
Authors: Melese A.D. , Abera S. , Mitiku D.H.
Published: January 2021

A study was conducted on properties of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.)) flour and
its application for cookie production by blending with wheat flour. The experiment was
planned with two factors; Anchote blending ratios and baking temperatures. It consisted of
nine combinations of treatments executed in a completely randomized design (CRD). The
Anchote blending ratios were 10, 15 and 20% and the baking temperatures were 160,180
and 200°C. The functional properties such as water absorption, oil absorption, swelling
power, solubility and dispersibility of Anchote flour were 2.44 g/g, 1.92 mL/g, 11.48%,
41.53% and 67.33% while those of the wheat flour was 1.84, 2.18, 9.08, 35.87 and 73.66,
respectively with the relevant units indicated. Increasing the blending ratio of Anchote
significantly (p<0.05) affected the functional properties of the composite flours. The
physical properties of cookies of the composite flours such as spread ratio (6.87 to 10.07),
specific volume (1.6 to 1.88 cm3
/g) and hardness (6.37 to 17.54 N) were significantly
(p<0.05) affected by the blending ratios and baking temperatures. Sensory acceptability
data of cookies showed that increasing the blending ratio resulted in reduced scores of all
attributes. However, all the scores were above 5.00 on the 7-point hedonic scale indicating
positive acceptance. With regard to baking temperature the highest score for each attribute
was scored for cookies baked at 180°C. Thus, it can be concluded that Anchote flour can
be blended with wheat flour up to 20% to produce cookies of good physical and sensorial
acceptable quality.
The mixing of cohesive and flowable powder materials using a common laboratory powder mixer
Authors: N. Mohd Radzuan , M.S. Anuar , Tahir S.M.
Published: January 2021

This study presented the homogeneity obtained when mixing cohesive and flowable
powder materials using a laboratory powder mixer. The mixing process parameters
studied were the mixing time and the mixer rotational speed (20 rpm, 40 rpm and 60 rpm)
at the different ratios (95%: 5%, 50%: 50% and 5%: 95%) of the cohesive cocoa and
flowable mannitol powder materials. The homogeneity sampled at the powder bed surface
showed that only at the highest rotational speed of 60 rpm used in this work yield
acceptable homogeneity at the two extremes of the powder mass ratios; 95%: 5% and 5%:
95% of mannitol: cocoa for some of the locations on the powder bed surface, especially
near the wall of the mixer. Other combinations of the experimental conditions did not
yield acceptable mixture homogeneity. These results showed the difficulties in obtaining a
homogeneous powder mix when mixing cohesive powder materials, especially in
academic teaching and research laboratories using a simple powder mixer apparatus.
Particle size, compaction characteristic and tablet strength of spray-dried fermented jackfruit pulp - microcrystalline cellulose binary powder mixture
Authors: Azman N.A. , Koh S.P. , Ahmad Hamidi F.W. , Anuar M.S. , Tahir S.M.
Published: January 2021

The tableting properties for fermented spray dried jackfruit (FJP) and microcrystalline
cellulose (MCC) powders were studied. 25% FJP + 75% MCC, 50% FJP + 50% MCC and
75% FJP + 25% MCC binary powder mixtures were compacted into tablet form at various
compaction pressures ranging from 15.1 to 73.8 MPa. The properties were compared to
pure FJP and MCC tablets. The addition of MCC resulted in a higher particle size and the
increased in the plastic work of the tablet. The best ratio of FJP-MCC binary tablet was
found to be at 25% FJP + 75% MCC where the tablet showed the highest tensile strength.
In conclusion, the addition of MCC to FJP improved the compaction characteristics and
the tablet mechanical strength.
Effects of carboxymethyl cellulose extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch stalk fibres on the physical properties of low-fat ice cream
Authors: Parid D.M. , Baharuddin A.S. , Kadir Basha R. , P. Mohammed M.A. , Mat Johari A. , Abd Razak S.Z.
Published: January 2021

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a food additive that plays an important role in the
structure-forming of most food. The current extraction of CMC from wood has created
competition with the wood industries. To ensure the sustainability of CMC, the search for
alternatives to wood is critical. A study on the extraction of CMC from oil palm empty
fruit bunch (OPEFB) stalk fibres (SCMC) was successfully carried out previously by the
authors. In this study, the potential application of SCMC on low-fat ice cream properties
was investigated. Liquid ice cream mix with SCMC had a higher viscosity (129.4 cP)
when compared to the control sample (25.5 cP). However, the viscosity of liquid ice
cream mix produced using SCMC was slightly lower than the one produced using the
commercial CMC (360 cP). The overrun of the SCMC low-fat ice cream was slightly
lower (35.2%) than the one produced using commercial CMC (41.5%). The resistance of
SCMC and commercial CMC low-fat ice creams towards melting were about the same
(60.28% and 58.75% respectively). The commercial CMC produced slightly harder (38.19
N) ice cream than the one with SCMC (28.88 N). Thus, the low-fat ice cream produced
using SCMC is comparable with the low-fat ice cream produced using commercial CMC.
This indicates the reliability of the extracted CMC from OPEFB stalk fibres to be applied
in food, and thus creates a complete solution for the utilization of palm oil mill by-product
to produce a value-added product.
Antioxidant activities, tyrosinase inhibition activity and bioactive compounds content of broken rice fermented with Amylomyces rouxii
Authors: Abd. Razak D.L. , Abd. Rashid N.Y. , Jamaluddin A. , Abd Ghani A. , Abdul Manan M.
Published: January 2021

Solid state fermentation (SSF) utilizing filamentous fungus Amylomyces rouxii was
investigated as a bio-processing strategy to enhance the bioactive properties of broken
rice. Fermentation was carried out for 18 days and samples were withdrawn at 2-days
interval. Established methods were deployed to assess the changes in bioactive properties
and compounds content in fermented broken rice. The bioactive properties studied were
total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH-radical scavenging
activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Additionally, tyrosinase inhibition
activity, which represents anti-pigmentation/browning property, was evaluated. Free
phenolic acids and organic acids content were determined through high performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that fermentation significantly
increased the total phenolic content of broken rice from 0.03 mg GAE/g sample to 3.94
mg GAE/g sample and total flavonoid content from 0.04 to 1.71 mg QE/g sample. By the
end of the fermentation, DPPH-radical scavenging of fermented broken rice was enhanced
to 94.22%, compared to 9.03% in the unfermented sample. It was also observed that
FRAP and tyrosinase inhibition activity of fermented broken rice were improved up to 39-
fold and 50-fold, respectively. Kojic acid, a potent antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor,
was detected in fermented broken rice, along with oxalic and ascorbic acid. Gallic,
protocatechuic and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids were enhanced upon fermentation. This study
manifested the positive effect of broken rice after fermentation with A. rouxii and thus
revealed the potential of fermented broken rice as a promising natural bio-ingredients in
food, cosmetics and medicinal products.
Stability of electrolyzed water: from the perspective of food industry
Authors: Khalid N.I. , Sulaiman N.S. , Ab Aziz N. , Taip F.S. , Sobri S. , M.A.R. Nor-Khaizura
Published: January 2021

Green cleaner and disinfectant can provide a better environment and they can reduce
cleaning cost by eliminating the cost of harsh cleaning chemicals, minimizing cleaning
chemicals storage space, reducing cost for wastewater treatment and reducing logistics
cost for chemical supply. This study explored the personal view of Small and Medium
Enterprises (SMEs) top to bottom workers towards the challenges during cleaning and
disinfection process and their readiness in accepting a green cleaner and disinfectant. In
this work, the advantages and disadvantages of electrolyzed water (EW) as green cleaner
and disinfectant were discussed. A lab-scale batch ion-exchange membrane electrolysis
unit was used to produce acidic electrolyzed water (AcEW) and alkaline electrolyzed
water (AlEW). The stability of AcEW and AlEW was also studied based on its physical
changes (pH, oxidative-reduction potential (ORP), chlorine content and hydrogen
peroxide content) in 7 days of storage, whereby measurements were taken daily. The pH
maintained for both AcEW and AlEW during the 7 days of storage. The ORP maintained
at plateau for the first 5 days of AcEW storage. After 5 days, AcEW showed a decreasing
trend. While ORP for AlEW increases drastically between day 1 and 2. Then, the ORP
reaches a plateau after three days. The amount of free chlorine, total chlorine and
hydrogen peroxide content was 10 mg/L, respectively, on the day of production. However,
all the properties decreased gradually and there were no chlorine and hydrogen peroxide
detected on the 7th day. The results from this study can be used as a guideline to store the
EW and to understand the stability of the EW, which can benefit the SME food
manufacturers.
Proximate composition of Malaysian local sweet potatoes
Authors: Zulkifli N.A. , Nor M.Z.M. , Omar F.N. , Sulaiman A. , Mokhtar M.N.
Published: January 2021

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is one of the main crops worldwide. However,
systematic properties characterization of this crop is still required, particularly on the
Malaysian local sweet potatoes. Hence, this study aims to determine the proximate
composition and the energy value of five common varieties of local sweet potato (Anggun
1, Anggun 2, Anggun 3, White, and VitAto) in Malaysia. For each variety, three different
parts of the tuberous root which were the skin, the cortex, and the mixture of cambium and
parenchyma were characterized. The findings indicated that VitAto exhibited the highest
starch (16.95% – 17.17%) and crude protein (0.86% – 1.15%) contents in all parts as
compared to other varieties, hence reflecting its potentials to be further processed for a
mass starch production. Among all the parts, the skin contained the highest crude protein,
crude fat, ash and crude fibre, which can be further utilized to produce by-products such
as animal feed. The findings in this study serve as a baseline for the future starch and byproducts production from local sweet potatoes.
Tertiary Education Trust Fund interventions and sustainable development goals of Olabisi Onabanjo University
Authors: Fejoh Johnson Olufemi
Published: January 2021

Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND) was established by Federal Government of Nigeria to tackle the problem of inadequate funding of tertiary institutions which had been a major obstacle to the achievement of sustainable developments in these institutions. This study therefore examined the impact of TETFUND interventions on sustainable development goals (research and academic growth and continuous provision of instructional materials and laboratory equipment) of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and qualitative data were collected using a questionnaire to elicit information from a total number of 250 respondents from total population of 1,723 staff of the university. From the sample size, 128 (56%) were male while 122 (54%) were female. Data collected were analyzed using regression analysis to test all the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that TETFUND interventions have significant impact on sustainable development goals of Olabisi Onabanjo University. It is therefore recommended that Federal Government should step up efforts to ensure that tertiary institutions (federal and state owned) are adequately funded through TETFUND and also do more in the area of human resource development for the research and academic growth of these institutions.
Study of the Vegetation of Spring Crops in the Region of South Dobrudja in 2020
Authors: Mihajlow Radko Petrov , Atanasov Asparuh , Ivanova Albena , Mihaylova Desislava
Published: January 2021

The present study observes the development of spring crops maize and sunflower typical of   the Southern Dobrudzha region. A distinct methodology for remote monitoring through the use of a small remotely piloted aircraft has been developed for the purposes of the present paper and applied accordingly. Two types of video cameras were used: for the visible range of the RGB light reflected by the plants and for the NearRed reflection close to the red light. The obtained results are presented in both tabular and graphical form and inferred, finally, in the paper are some principal conclusions about the condition of the crops under consideration.
Application of machine learning methods for the prediction of distress in patients with oncological diseases
Authors: Marinova Ginka Kaleva , Ganchev Todor , Nikolov Nedyalko
Published: January 2021

Distress management is of particular importance in all disease treatment strategies that aim to cope with medical conditions, which require prolonged therapy. Here, we present results obtained in a comparative study of various classification methods for automated distress detection. For the purposes of the present study, use was made of a common experimental protocol that relies on a dataset of approximately 6 000 oncological patients at different stages of therapy. The dataset consists of the binary responses to specific questions in a purposefully-designed self-evaluation questionnaire on the degree of distress. Conducted, within such a framework, was a performance assessment of three distress detectors based on Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP NN), boosting and bagging meta-classification methods and evaluated, further, was the performance of nine characteristic descriptors (KR1-KR9) representing the informative content of the dataset in different ways. The results obtained in the experiments prove conclusively that one of the characteristic descriptors, KR8 and KR9, significantly outperform the other descriptors in terms of classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure.