bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using artificial intelligence-based computer-aided diagnosis for panoramic radiography
Authors: Ogawa Ruri , Ogura Ichiro
Published: December 2022

Background:

Recently, an automated diagnostic software called PanoSCOPE was developed.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there was any change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for panoramic radiography.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty patients were examined by panoramic radiography for pre- and postdental implant operations on the same date. The mandibular cortical index (MCI) and degree of deformation were analyzed using PanoSCOPE. The MCI classifications of all patients were evaluated with kappa coefficients between pre- and postdental implant operations. The degree of deformation of pre- and postdental implant operations was performed by the Pearson's rank correlation test. P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

MCI of predental implant operation was Class 1: 10 cases, Class 2: nine cases, and Class 3: one case. MCI of postdental implant operation was Class 1: eight cases, Class 2: nine cases, and Class 3: three cases. The kappa coefficients between pre- and postdental implant operations were 0.746 (P < 0.001). We plotted degree of deformation of postdental implant operation (X) against degree of deformation of predental implant operation (Y) and observed a significant correlation (Y = 0.660 + 10.867 (n = 20, R
2 = 0.650, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

This study showed that there was no significant change in the mandibular cortical morphology at pre- and postdental implant operations using the CAD system and indicated that the CAD system can be useful for the quantitative evaluation of MCI of patients with dental implant operation.
Are magnetic resonance imaging findings adequate for differentiating head-and-neck masses as malignant or benign?
Authors: Ocak Ali , Cakir Binali
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

This work aims to determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the masses seen in the head-and-neck region and the effectiveness of the MRI in separation of malignant from benign head-and-neck masses through histopathological data.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted on 86 patients who were referred with prediagnosed as mass in oral, head and neck regions for evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. MRI images were analyzed according to homogeneity and signal intensity in T1- and T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement pattern, peripheral edge characteristic of the lesion, invasion condition, presence of cystic/necrotic content, and presence of bone involvement of head-and-neck masses.

Results:

The MRI features of benign and malignant head and neck masses in which signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI images, signal homogeneity on T2-weighted MRI images, contrast enhancement pattern, edge feature and presence of invasion showed a statistically significant difference to determine benignity and malignancy. However, the signal homogeneity in T1-weighted images, signal intensity in T2-weighted images, presence of cystic/necrotic content, and bone involvement did not reveal a statistically significant difference.

Conclusions:

Overall, our findings were consistent with the literature data. As a result of our study, we recommend that certain MRI features of head-and-neck masses (signal intensity in T1-weighted images, signal homogeneity in T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement pattern, edge feature, and presence of invasion) can be used to differentiate between benign and malignant masses.
Incidence of Fracture and Dislocation Patterns in Patients with Extremity Injuries Reporting to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khadilkar Madhav , Tawde Anish Nandkumar , Pundkare Gopal Tukaram
Published: December 2022

Background:

Trauma is globally associated with significant mortality with developing countries bearing a disproportionately high burden. It represents a major epidemic of non – communicable disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of various fracture and dislocation patterns in patients with extremity injuries and their 1- year mortality rate.

Materials and Methods:

An observational, prospective study was undertaken to analyse the incidence of fracture and dislocation patterns in patients coming to the Orthopaedics OPD and emergency medicine department in a tertiary hospital during a period of two years from 1st, October 2017 to 30th, September 2019. Overall, 1182 patients were enrolled for the study with a mean age of 43 yrs.

Results:

Age group 21 – 30 years was most common (17.1%) age to suffer injuries with a male preponderance (67.5%). The most common mode of injury was by road traffic accident (43%). 97.9% of the injuries had unilateral involvement with the lower extremity (57.2%) and the femur (21.2%) being most frequently fractured. Dislocations/fracture-dislocations constituted only 5.5% cases with shoulder dislocation being the most frequently involved joint. Plain radiographs were used in 96.9% cases for final diagnosis. Forty cases (3.4%) were found to not survive in the 1-year follow up after fracture.

Conclusion:

The present study shows that most of the causes of trauma are preventable. This study could assist in raising the profile of RTI as a public health problem which needs to be addressed as a preventable cause of mortality and morbidity, and planning appropriate interventions for this major challenge.
Pathophysiology of acute kidney injury on a molecular level
Authors: Satalkar Vasudha Sakharam , Swamy K. Venkateswara
Published: December 2022

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a clinical condition with various etiologies. It is also known as acute renal failure, which is a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney damage that happens within a few hours or a few days in patients. It causes an increase of waste products in blood and makes it hard for the patient kidneys to keep the right balance of fluid in the body. It can also affect other vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. AKI is common in patients who are in the hospital, in intensive care units, and especially in older adults. It results in increased accumulation of a nitrogenous surplus in blood and a reduction in urine volume. The pathophysiology of various types of AKI is different. The earlier we can identify the causes the more effective treatment can be administered. This review attempts to identify changes on a molecular level during different stages of the disease and further discussed understanding the pathophysiology of AKI to find important molecules involved in various metabolic pathways, various phases and types of AKI, and the effect of drugs on kidneys and cellular level changes. This review article would help to design new drugs and the consequences of their metabolites to avoid Acute Kidney Injury.
Impact of breastfeeding on respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in infants of Muslim mothers of Kolkata, India
Authors: Hossain Mohammed , Talapatra Soumendra N. , Mondal Nirmal , Mukherjee Suparna Sanyal
Published: December 2022

Background:

Breast milk contains some proteins whose functions are not nutritive but anti-infective, which prevents infants from infections.

Objective:

The objective of the present study was to evaluate an association between the occurrence of diarrhea and respiratory tract infection (RTI) and breastfeeding among infants of Muslim mothers in Kolkata.

Materials and Methods:

An observational cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among mother–infant pairs of a total of 540 numbers in Muslim-dominated urban slums of Kolkata. The study period was from November 1, 2017, to October 31, 2018.

Results:

The findings indicated that 82.22% of breastfed infants had no diarrhea, and the absence of RTI was observed in 69.81%. It was also noted that both episodes of diarrhea and RTI in infants become less when the duration of breastfeeding increases. The study also significantly (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03) revealed that the occurrence of diarrhea and RTI was found to have lower incidence in colostrum-fed babies. Out of 391 colostrum-fed babies, about 85.42% had no diarrhea, and the absence of RTI was noticed in 72.12%. In conclusion, breast milk gives protection to babies against diarrheal diseases and RTI. It is the most appropriate food for infants.

Conclusions:

It is concluded that the prevention of RTI and diarrhea in infants, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), early initiation of breastfeeding, and avoidance of bottle feeding should be the best practice to be recommended. To explore appropriate intervention strategies for reinforcing early initiation and continuation of EBF from birth to 6 months of life.
Voluntary blood donations in Navi Mumbai, India
Authors: Shinde Sumedha Prakash , Shende Ankita Shashikant , Chawla Renuka , Vatkar Arvind Janardhan
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

In India, voluntary blood donation camps (VBDCs) are a key supply of blood and its products. Conducting blood donation drives was challenging in Navi Mumbai due to the widespread lockdown during the coronavirus disease (COVID) outbreak.

Study Type:

This was a retrospective study.

Materials and Methods:

To relieve the anxieties and apprehensions of the blood donor population, extensive confidence-building efforts were required. Various safety measures and standard operating procedures were also included, as well as training for VBDC organizers and medical personnel. We studied the blood donations done at our institute on a retrospective basis from blood bank records.

Results:

Our study showed a 7% increase in outdoor VBDC donations in 2021 over the previous year 2020. However, according to the advice of the local transfusion council, promoting in-house donations raised their number by a stunning 33% in 2021.

Conclusion:

Even during the COVID pandemic, confidence-building methods and precautions helped restore VBDC’s legitimacy and increase donation numbers by a marginal extent.
A case of colorectal cancer in pregnancy
Authors: Gopinath P. M. , Mathen Susan , Stella Bhakiyathai E. Esther Rani
Published: December 2022

Colorectal cancer in pregnancy is a rare pathology with limited high-grade evidence available. The diagnosis of colorectal cancer in pregnancy is delayed and has a varied presentation, which may mimic pregnancy. Challenges exist as the treatment options are delayed and a decision needs to be made encompassing both mother and fetus.
Лагранжевы многообразия и конструкция асимптотик для (псевдо)дифференциальных уравнений с локализованными правыми частями
Authors: Anikin Anatolii Yur'evich , Dobrokhotov Sergey Yur'evich , Nazaikinskii Vladimir Evgen'evich , Rouleux Michel
Published: December 2022

Развит метод построения квазиклассических асимптотических решений неоднородных дифференциальных и псевдодифференциальных уравнений (с частными производными) с локализованными правыми частями. Эти задачи близки к задачам об асимптотике функции Грина для таких операторов, в частности изученным в многочисленных работах об асимптотике функции Грина для уравнения Гельмгольца. Метод основан на конструктивном описании соответствующих лагранжевых многообразий и на недавно предложенных новых представлениях канонического оператора Маслова в окрестности лагранжевых сингулярностей (каустик и каустических множеств). Развитый метод служит основой аналитико-численного алгоритма построения эффективных асимптотических решений указанных задач, возникающих в различных областях физики и механики сплошных сред.
Performance analysis and comparison of various machine learning algorithms for early stroke prediction
Authors: Padimi Vinay , Telu Venkata Sravan , Ningombam Devarani Devi
Published: December 2022

Stroke is the leading cause of permanent disability in adults, and it can cause permanent brain damage. According to the World Health Organization, 795 000 Americans experience a new or recurrent stroke each year. Early detection of medical disorders, for example, strokes, can minimize the disabling effects. Thus, in this paper, we consider various risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of stoke and machine learning algorithms, for example, the decision tree, random forest, and naive Bayes algorithms, on patient characteristics survey data to achieve high prediction accuracy. We also consider the semisupervised self‐training technique to predict the risk of stroke. We then consider the near‐miss undersampling technique, which can select only instances in larger classes with the smaller class instances. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method obtains an accuracy of approximately 98.83% at low cost, which is significantly higher and more reliable compared with the compared techniques.
Different manifestations of Neolithization in Northwest Anatolia?
Authors: Balcı Hüreyla , Özbal Rana , Gerritsen Fokke , Fidan Erkan
Published: December 2022

The Neolithic way of life was first established in Northwest Anatolia before the middle of the 7th millennium BC. The recently excavated sites of Barcın Hoyuk and Bahcelievler have yielded archaeological evidence for the earliest Neolithic levels in the region and provide new archaeobotanical datasets. To compare different adaptations to the changes brought on by the Neolithization processes, we studied 348 archaeobotanical samples from Phases VIe and VId1 at Barcın and 63 samples from the contemporaneous levels, Phase 6 and Phase 5, at Bahcelievler. The economic plants include hulled and naked six-row barley, einkorn, emmer, bread/hard wheat, small-sized naked wheat, lentil, bitter vetch, pea, chickpea, flax, hazelnut, bramble, and pistacia. Our analyses show small but significant differences between the sites in the selected economic plant ranges, among the cereals, pulses as well as gathered plants.
Pottery Firing in the Early Iron Age in Western Slovenia
Authors: Vinazza Manca , Dolenec Matej
Published: December 2022

The article discusses the possible use of kilns for the firing of pottery in western Slovenia during the Early Iron Age. In the absence of archaeologically attested kilns, their use in this area is studied based on indirect factors, i.e. the analysis of the vessel firing technique, and with the help of experiments from the field of experimental archaeology. The article strives to determine the reasons for the poor state of preservation of the kilns in the area in question. Samples from archaeological experiments and archaeological pottery were subjected to AMS measurements, petrographic and mineralogical analyses (X-ray diffraction), which revealed the importance of considering the soaking time as a criterion for observing the firing processes and use of single-chamber kilns for the firing of pottery, even if they have not yet been discovered.
A Study on the Optimal Management Technology of the On-site Sodium Hypochlorite Generator for Disinfection By-products Reduction
Authors: Park No-suk , Yoon Suk-min , Park Sang-min , Yun Hyeon-jeong , Yun Mi-ae , Lee Young-joo
Published: December 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to suggest operating conditions that can minimize the disinfection by-products of sodium hypochlorite produced in on-site sodium hypochlorite generators.Methods : The characteristics of disinfection by-products were investigated by operating conditions (dissolved water type, brine concentration, temperature of electrolytic cell inflow water, pH of electrolytic cell inflow water and electrolyzer current density) using a on-site sodium hypochlorite generator(5 kg/day).Results and Discussion : The concentration of disinfection by-products (chlorate, bromate) according to the type of dissolved water was found to be high in the order of softened water > tap water > RO treated water. As the brine concentration increased, chlorate decreased and bromate increased. The optimal saline concentration was found to be 3% or more. As temperature of electrolytic cell inflow water increases,, chlorate decreases and bromate increases. The difference in the concentration of disinfection by-products(chlorate, bromate) according to the pH of electrolytic cell inflow water is not large, and the appropriate pH is determined to be about 7 when the free available chlorine and disinfection by-products are taken into account. Also, as the current density increases, the chlorate increases and bromate showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion : It has been shown that the concentration of disinfection by-products can be minimized when operating within the operating range suggested by the on-site sodium hypochlorite generator manufacturer, and some operating conditions are thought to have been suggested by the manufacturer to protect the electrolyzer cells. As the market for on-site sodium hypochorite generator gradually expands, it is expected that improved facilities will be continuously released in consideration of the stricter standards for disinfection by-products.
Experimental Study on the Relationship Between the Change of Free available Chlorine and the Increase Rate of Disinfection by-products according to Operating Conditions of three Types of Sodium Hypochlorite
Authors: Park No-suk , Yoon Suk-min , Park Sang-min , Yun Mi-ae , Lee Young-joo
Published: December 2022

Objectives : This study was conducted to suggest field operating conditions that can minimize disinfection by-products for three types of sodium hypochlorite.Methods : In this study, changes in free available chlorine, chlorate and bromate were analyzed according to storage temperature, storage time and presence or absence of sunlight for three types of sodium hypochlorite(two types of bleach and one type of sodium hypochlorite made on-site hypochlorite generator).Results and Discussion : In the case of bleach with 12% free available chlorine, when operating with a target of 10% of more of free available chlorine, the storage time for each storage temperature was 3 days at 40℃, 13 days at 30℃, 27 days at 20℃, 85 days at 10℃, and 200 days at 5℃. In the case of bleach with 5% free available chlorine, when operating with a target of 4% of more of free available chlorine, the storage time for each storage temperature was 37 days at 35℃, 255 days at 20℃, 1,343 days at 10℃, and 4,821 days at 4℃. In the case of sodium hypochlorite with 0.8% free available chlorine made on-site hypochlorite generator, when operating with a target of 0.7% of more of free available chlorine, the storage time for each storage temperature was 10 days at 3 5℃, 42 days at 20℃, 470 days at 10℃, and 1,770 days at 4°C. As a result of evaluating the quality change according to the presence or absence of UV protection, the free available chlorine decreased rapidly when exposed to sunlight, whereas the free available chlorine decreased slowly in the case of indoor storage.Conclusion : Bleach with 12% free available chlorine can be stored for about 60 days at 15℃, and bleach with 5% free available chlorine can be used within about 6 months at 15℃. And sodium hypochlorite with 0.8% free available chlorine can be used within 10 days at room temperature. In addition, when storing sodium hypochlorite, it is suggested that it be stored indoors protected from sunlight.
The estimation of DBPs formation potential depending on the molecular structure of natural organic matter
Authors: Kang Dayeong , Lee Sungyun , Park Jongkwan
Published: December 2022

Objectives:Since natural organic matter(NOM) is generated from an ecosystem, it has various characteristics depending on its origin. Especially, aquatic NOM reduces an efficiency of water treatment system and forms disinfection-by-products(DBPs) as a precursor. In this study, DBP formation potential was estimated according to the molecular structure of NOMs resulted by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(py-GC-MS). Methods:Five NOM samples were characterized: Suwannee River NOM(SRNOM), Mississippi River NOM(MRNOM), Nakdong River NOM(NR), NOM in effluent of Jinhae wastewater treatment plant(WP), and NOM in a small stream(SG) in Changwon city. The various analytical instruments were used including TOC analyzer, UV spectrometer, fluorescence spectrometer, and size-exclusion chromatography. After freeze drying of NOMs, molecular structure of samples was identified by py-GC-MS. Results and Discussion:Molecular weights of SRNOM and MRNOM were similar each other (~1400Da). The others(NR,WP,SG) were larger than the SRNOM and MRNOM. Hydrophobicity of the samples followed the order: SRNOM≒MRNOM > NR > WP > SG. Py-GC-MS results showed that SRNOM and MRNOM contain high portion of humic components. Otherwise, NR, WP, SG have protein which is originated from microbials. The DBP formation potential of SRNOM and MRNOM were the highest.Conclusion:This research shows the different characteristics of NOMs originated from different source. The results confirmed that NOM contained high portion of humic components results in the formation of high concentration of DBPs.
Investigation of Environmental Effect of Plants in Smoking Area through Analysis of Cadmium and Microorganisms
Authors: Jo Jeong Wook , Song Ho Soo , Kim Seok Hyun , Kim Eun Tae , Kim Hyun Do , Lee Ju Yeon , Yang Sung Woo , Kim Min Seok , Kim Bo Gyeom , Kim Hyun Uk , Jeong Ji Hun , Kim Jae Hun , Lee Eun Bin , Kim Hyung Joo
Published: December 2022

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of plants on smoking area and its environment. For this purpose, two different smoking areas (with and without plants) were selected, and the number of smokers and spitting behaviors were monitored. Soil and leaves samples of each smoking area were taken to analyze the concentration of cadmium and distribution of soil microorganisms. Through this investigation, the role of plants in smoking area for the cadmium and microorganisms was estimated. Methods:In the selected smoking areas, number of smokers and the number of spitting behaviors were monitored. Cadmium (Cd) concentrations of leaves, topsoil and rhizosphere obtained from the smoking areas were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The microorganisms in soil samples were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing based metagenomics.Results and Discussion:In the case of smoking area with plants, number of smokers and number of total spitting behaviors were 176.67 ± 7.85 and 918.67 ± 40.8 times per hour, respectively. In smoking area without plants, the 153.67 ± 5.44 (smokers) and (829.8 ± 29.36 (spitting behavior) per hour were observed. Among the collected samples from the smoking areas, the highest Cd values (347.117 ± 24.542 μg/kg) were found in leaves of smoking area. In the case of smoking area without plants, the top soil samples showed the highest Cd concentration (295.77 ± 16.64 μg/kg). The results indicate that Cd released from cigarette ash, saliva and smoke can be accumulated in plants and soil. The results suggested that the presence of plants in the smoking area protect the accumulation of Cd in surrounding environments (soil and atmosphere). The metagenomic analysis of the soil samples showed that smoking and spitting behavior also affected microbial system in the smoking areas. The results showed that the microorganisms in smoking area were closely related to the heavy metal removing activities. Conclusion:Results suggested that the cadmium distribution in the smoking areas was significantly affected by the presence of live plants. In addition, the presence of plants in the smoking area induced the difference species microorganisms. These results suggested that the presence of plants in smoking area can protect the spread of cadmium to the surrounding environment.
Assessment of Drinking Water Samples Around Selected Oil Spillage and Metal Recycling Company in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Oketayo Oyebamiji O. , Akinnubi Rufus T. , Adeyemi Fredrick O. , Ayanda Olushola S. , Nelana Simphiwe N.
Published: December 2022

In recent times, anthropogenic source has been considered to be one of the major sources of environmental pollution. In this study, the levels of six heavy metals (Cadmium -Cd, Copper-Cu, Chromium-Cr, Iron-Fe, Mangenese- Mn and Lead-Pb) were assayed in water samples from well and borehole around Gemade oil spillage and Sun metal industry, Lagos, Nigeria using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS). The levels of these heavy metals were in the order Fe > Mn > Cu > Cd / Pb / Cr for the two sites and control, and within the range 0.001-10.162 mg/L. The results showed that significant difference exists between these levels and the controls (tv < 0.005). In most cases, the levels of Fe and Mn from the sites were found above the WHO/FEPA limits. Significant differences exist between the levels of Cu and Mn in well and borehole water samples (tv = 0.004 -0.005) but not Fe (tv = 0.31 - 0.91). This indicated that the surrounding drinking water samples were polluted with some of these metals. The results obtained in this work also gave the baseline levels of these metals in the water samples at the selected sites.
Shielding Adequacy of Conventional X-ray Facilities in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria using RadShield Software
Authors: Sidi Mohammed , Abubakar Abubakar Aminu , Ya'u Anas , Mansur Umar , Hassan Aliyu Abdullahi , Tijjani Usman
Published: December 2022

Over time x-ray department gains more patient throughput compared to when it was established, this may lead to changes in room usage, workload and occupancy factor. Therefore, it becomes imperative to re-evaluate the shielding adequacy of the facilities to ensure the appropriate shielding design goal is accomplished. The study was aimed at assessing the shielding adequacy of conventional x-ray rooms in ten radio diagnostic centres in Kano Metropolis using RADSHIELD software. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study. RadShield software version 1.1 was used in the study, parameters such as distances of each wall from a radiation source (D), the average number of patients per week (N), occupancy factor (T), and use factor (U) were inserted into the software together with the shielding design goal (P). Once the result was generated, the design and shielding variables were saved in .xml format. The data were analyzed using Excel 2016. Ten facilities were studied involving 14 x-ray rooms. Room III had the largest room size of 49.2 m2 while room X had the least room size of 12.8 m2. Room II had the longest source image distance (SOD) of 180cm while room IV had the shortest (120cm). The design barrier thickness was thickest (47 cm) in room II and thinnest (1.5 cm) in barrier 5 of room III. All the x-ray rooms had the ideal room size except facilities G and H. The design barrier thickness in the radiology department of all the conventional x-ray rooms involved in the study was adequate.
A Numerical Method using Collocation Approach for the Solution of Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Ajileye G. , Aminu F. A.
Published: December 2022

This paper consider collocation approach for the numerical solution of Volterra-Fredholm Integro-differential equation using collocation method. We transformed the problem into a system of linear algebraic equations and matrix inversion is adopted to solve the algebraic equations. We substituted the solution algebraic equations into the approximate equation to obtain the numerical result. Some numerical problems are solved to demonstrate the efficiency and consistency of the method.
Plan de Negocio para la Implementación de una Tienda de Bicicletas que Promueva la Cultura Deportiva en Pedernales, Ecuador
Authors: Cedeño Zambrano Letty Yadira , Erazo Delgado Diana Isabel , Pastrán Calles Félix Reinaldo
Published: December 2022

El presente libro reporta un proceso de investigación orientado al diseño de una propuesta de ejecución de una tienda de bicicletas, la cual también se aspira preste el servicio de alquiler de bicicletas en el cantón Pedernales, Ecuador. Esta iniciativa se fundamenta a que en la actualidad es notorio el uso de bicicletas en la población, por ello se desea fomentar la cultura deportiva de ciclismo, en toda la ciudadanía, cubriendo la necesidad de los pobladores y comprendiendo la situación actual del país, visto desde la viabilidad en crear una pequeña empresa dedicada a las ventas y alquiler de bicicletas, generando empleo en el cantón. Por todo ello, se analiza el éxito de la pequeña empresa y sus ventajas competitivas, elaborando un análisis vital de las características de la empresa y las actividades que se desarrolla para adoptar las estrategias de crecimiento con la finalidad de ejecutar este emprendimiento en práctica, a través de los contenidos percibidos durante la carrera en la universidad, y para crecer como población activa en le economía local. Para el desarrollo de la propuesta se consideraron los siguientes apartados: en primer lugar, se expone la argumentación problemática que contextualiza el estudio; en segundo término, se presentan algunos relatos teóricos sobre la temática. Luego se expone el planteamiento estratégico de la propuesta, para dar paso a los capítulos donde se describen los estudios que sustentan el análisis de mercadotecnia, el estudio técnico, el estudio económico, y la evaluación financiera. Por última se finaliza con algunas reflexiones y cierre y recomendaciones sobre la ejecución factible de la propuesta.
Tendencias del Consumidor de Regalos y Plan de Marketing Digital para una Empresa de Detalles en Pedernales
Authors: Narvaez Salto Nathaly Jazmín , Pastrán Calles Félix Reinaldo
Published: December 2022

En el texto que hoy se presenta, desarrollamos un plan de marketing digital para una empresa con el objetivo de comercializar sus productos y expandir el mercado local con apoyo y creación de redes sociales para que las personas puedan interactuar con la empresa, y así coticen sus regalos de una manera eficaz y eficiente. Una de las principales características de la implementación del marketing digital es la disminución de los costos, la interacción especifica con el cliente y una mayor flexibilidad a menor tiempo de reacción, además, al no contar con un local físico es más difícil que el producto sea conocido en el mercado, sin embargo, con las redes sociales podremos realizar más ventas sin necesidad de tener un espacio tangible, el cual nos generará gastos. Por ello, presentamos este proyecto estructurado en 5 capítulos, desde la realidad problemática origen de nuestra búsqueda hasta el planteamiento estratégico y plan de presupuesto. En el capítulo I, revisaremos las inquietudes iniciales dentro de la realidad estudiada, los propósitos, la justificación y el marco teórico que fundamentan nuestro proyecto. En el capítulo II se detalla el método que sirve de base al estudio, el tipo de enfoque, muestra e instrumentos a utilizar para recoger información. Seguidamente, en el capítulo III se presentan los resultados y discusiones producto de la aplicación de las encuestas. La propuesta de marketing digital se desarrolla así en el capítulo IV, en el cual se detallan los objetivos, la justificación, actores involucrados, y el plan de acción correspondiente. Se ubica posteriormente en el capítulo V, el planteamiento estratégico, detallando el plan operativo para alcanzar los objetivos de la empresa; para finalizar con el presupuesto para el plan de Marketing Digital (capítulo VI). En esta parte se establece los costos y gastos para la elaboración de la tienda virtual y tienda web para la venta de los productos de la empresa seleccionada. Finalmente, esperamos que esta experiencia sirva de guía a otros, en el camino del marketing digital para potenciar el mercado local que tanto lo necesita.
The relationship between mental states and coping strategies in preadolescence as a factor in psychological security
Authors: PERJAN Carolina
Published: December 2022

Every person during his life is subjected to stressful, problematic situations. How the person resists these situations depends on the coping strategies they choose. These strategies are conditioned by the mental states that people are currently experiencing. Certainly the coping strategies chosen also create psychological security for the individual. The cognitive, affective and behavioral response to various frustrating situations is formed from preadolescent age conditioned by the main neoformations such as: development of self-awareness, personal identification of the preadolescent and biological changes. This age is sensitive in forming the relationship between mental states and coping strategies.
Motivation in school and self-determination at teenagers
Authors:   ", PLEȘCA Maria ,   "Ion Creanga",   SPU, Chisinau
Published: December 2022

Professional self-determination is part of a larger process of the mechanism of life independent choice in addition to social, family and personal. It involves making decisions on three aspects of the activity: the profession, the specialty, the approach and the ways of professional training. When the school and / or professional choice is made according to the strongest unmet need at that moment, and along the way there is an evolution or a motivational progress, the individual is more closely linked to the activity (school or professional). If the choice is based on secondary and especially external reasons, it leads to failures doubled by dissatisfaction, poor integration (school or professional), dropout tendencies, etc.
Academic success and modern teaching methods
Authors:   ", DRANGA (MORARU) Anca ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău, RACU Igor
Published: December 2022

The present research aims to identify the relationship between academic success and modern teaching methods. This was done by comparing the academic success achieved by students in the first semester, when the aching method was a classic one, with the academic success obtained in the second semester, using modern methods. The goal is to evaluate the differences between the academic success achieved by students in the first semester and that obtained in the second semester, due to the change of the traditional teaching method, with modern teaching methods. After using modern methods we expect to achieve a greater academic success.
Provision of the psychological safety of children in school
Authors: LOSÎI Elena
Published: December 2022

In the current context of the development of society, an important role is played by the formation of comfortable relationships of the person with the surrounding world. Unfortunately, in recent years, we have witnessed the fact that one of the main human needs - the need for security is violated, which leads to an increase in the number of children in need of psychological help. The educational environment must ensure the satisfaction of the needs of personal-confidential communication, to be an environment free of manifestations of psychological violence in interaction, so as to contribute to maintaining the mental health of educational actors. The school has significant resources to design programs to prevent aggressive behavior and to create a protective school environment that would ensure the psychological security of children by preventing and combating violence of any kind in the school environment.
Comparative analysis of objects of sacred Mongolian architecture based on graph-iconological method
Authors: Т.Н. Канарёва, , М.Ю. Шишин,
Published: December 2022

В статье обосновывается актуальность комплексного методологического подхода при изучении храмовой архитектуры Монголии, в основе которого лежит иконологический метод, уже активно применяемый для описания и интерпретации храмов в других культурных регионах. Комплексная методология должна опираться на знание канонических трактатов в области архитектуры и храмового строительства, а также религиозную семантику и буддийскую метафизику, что позволяет более глубоко интерпретировать памятники монгольского храмового зодчества. При этом весьма эвристичным представляется использование мандалы в качестве исходной символической основы храмовой архитектуры. Соответственно, целью статьи является обоснование данного подхода, а также демонстрация его применения в архитектурно-семантическом анализе храмового зодчества. В статье представлен результат анализа двух значимых архитектурных объектов Монголии — Эрдэнэ-Зуу и Гандан Пунцаг Чойлон, возведенных в разные временные периоды.

The article substantiates the relevance of an integrated methodological approach in the study of temple architecture in Mongolia. This approach is based on the iconological method, which is already actively used to describe and interpret temples in other cultural regions. A comprehensive methodology should be based on the knowledge of the canonical treatises in the field of architecture and temple construction, as well as religious semantics and Buddhist metaphysics. This allows a deeper interpretation of the monuments of Mongolian temple architecture. At the same time, it seems very heuristic to use mandala as the initial symbolic basis of temple architecture. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the integrated methodological approach, as well demonstrating its application in the architectural and semantic analysis of temple architecture. The article presents the result of the analysis of two significant architectural objects of Mongolia — Erdene Zuu and Gandan Puntsag Choilon, erected in different time periods.
In reference to the essence of art: an attempt of the dialectical definition
Authors: А.В. Иванов,
Published: December 2022

В статье представлено диалектико-логическое понимание сущности искусства через систему многих определений, разворачивающихся от абстрактного к конкретному. Вводятся критерии отличия искусства от антиискусства и псевдоискусства. Выделяются три уровня изобразительного искусства, характерные для всех его жанров: субъективно-игровое (или технематическое), социально-исповедальное и софийное.

The article gives a dialectical-logical understanding of the essence of art through a system of many definitions that unfold from the abstract to the concrete. The criteria for distinguishing art from anti-art and pseudo-art are introduced. There are three levels of fine art characteristic all of its genres: subjective-game (or technematic), social-confessional and sophian.
AFRICAN SWINE FEVER: A BIOSECURITY CHALLENGE FOR DOMESTIC PIG PRODUCTION IN SERBIA
Authors: Prodanov-Radulovic Jasna Z , Đurđević Biljana , Petrović Jelena , Mirčeta Jovan , Polaček Vladimir
Published: December 2022

African swine fever (ASF) is currently the most important challenge for domestic pig production worldwide. The virus reached Eurasia in 2007, and is today affecting more than half of European Union member countries. Among Western Balkan countries, Serbia suffered the first case of ASF in a backyard holding in 2019. Since then, numerous outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar have been reported throughout the country despite the efforts of the veterinary authorities to control the disease. The lack of an effective vaccine is one of the main constraints, and the only currently available option to prevent further ASF infections is the application of strict biosecurity measures. Regarding biosecurity, backyard pig producers and smallholding farmers in Serbia have substantial gaps in the knowledge and fail to comply with safe production behaviour that favours the spread of ASF virus. In the currently prevailing smallholder and backyards farming systems, farm biosecurity is largely non-existent. The aim of this review was to identify specific ASF-risks factors in the current pig production system and gaps in biosecurity measures related to the human activities recognised as social and cultural identity in Serbia. Moreover, the main risk factors for ASF spreading and transmission at the domestic/wild boar interface, biosecurity practices in different production systems, and possible future control measures and awareness campaigns are discussed.
Drivers of Fiscal Resources at the Local Level in Russia: Role of Institutions Reflected in Regional Debt
Authors: Timushev Evgeny
Published: December 2022

The paper seeks to clarify the consequences of fiscal institutions and centralization of intergovernmental relations in Russia related to regional debt sustainability and intraregional fiscal decentralization. The consolidated regional debt is considered to be the indicator that incorporates various features of institutional framework of the Russian budgetary system, while local fiscal decentralization reflects the number of fiscal resources at the local level. The relationship between governmental debt sustainability and fiscal decentralization is known to be a complex phenomenon. Yet under the analytical framework of this research, I show that the decrease of intraregional fiscal decentralization in Russia is attributable to the growing regional debt. Essentially, I conclude that centralization of intergovernmental relations in Russia leaves little room for maneuver for regional authorities and lead both to growing risk of debt sustainability and shrinking number of fiscal resources at the local level.
It is found that more prosperous Russian regions exhibit higher fiscal decentralization. This finding reinforces the established theory. However, in the rich northern regions of Russia dependent on oil, gas and other commodities the decentralization is relatively high, so some theoretical predictions seem to be misleading. Those unobserved factors remain to be investigated.
Further research agenda consists of conducting calculations based not just on pooled but panel data. It will help considering characteristics of each region. Furthermore, the results need to be reassessed for different indicators of fiscal decentralization.
Asian Adaptation and Validation of an English Version of the Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life Questionnaire (MusiQoL)
Authors: Thumboo Julian , Seah Alvin , Tan Chong Tin , Singhal Bhim S , Ong Benjamin
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life questionnaire (MusiQoL) is a self-administered, multi-dimensional, patient-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument. With increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Asian countries, a valid tool to assess HRQoL in those patients is needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient acceptability, content validity and psychometric properties of an Asian version of the English MusiQoL in Singapore, Malaysia and India. Materials and Methods: English speaking patients older than 18 years of age with a definite diagnosis of MS were included. The self-administered survey material included the adapted HRQoL questionnaire, a validated generic HRQoL questionnaire: the short-form 36 (SF-36), as well as a checklist of 14 symptoms. We assessed the internal and external validity of the adapted MusiQoL. Results: A total of 81 patients with MS were included in the study. The questionnaire was generally well accepted. In the samples from Malaysia and Singapore, all scales exhibited good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha >0.70). Correlation to SF-36 was generally good, demonstrating high construct validity (P <0.001) in some aspects of the MusiQoL. Conclusion: The Asian adaptation of the English version of the MusiQoL in evaluating HRQoL seems to be a valid, reliable tool with adequate patient acceptability and internal consistency.

Keywords: Asia, Multiple sclerosis, Outcomes assessment, Quality of life, Questionnaires, Validation studies
Normative Data for Quantitative Calcaneal Ultrasound in Asian Children
Authors: Goh Siok Ying , Aragon Jedeane Mendoza , Lee Yung Seng , Loke Kah Yin
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is currently the gold standard for the assessment of bone mineral density. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS), on the other hand, is a radiation-free alternative for the assessment of bone strength in the paediatric population. Establishing normative data for bone strength specific to the population would allow identification of children at risk of osteoporosis as a consequence of disease and its treatment. This cross-sectional study aims to establish the normal reference range for calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) measurements in normal Singaporean children aged 6 to 12 years. Materials and Methods: Healthy Singaporean children were randomly selected from 11 primary schools for the assessment of calcaneal BUA, using the paediatric Contact Ultrasonic Bone Analyzer (CUBA, McCue Plc, Compton, Winchester, England). The height, weight, body mass index and BUA measurements for each age group and gender were expressed as the mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the mean calcaneal BUA by age and gender of Singaporean children with that of children from the United Kingdom, Turkey and Taiwan. Results: A total of 750 healthy Singaporean children (417 males and 333 females) aged 6 to 12 years from 11 primary schools were enrolled. The calcaneal BUA values of Turkish and white British children were not statistically different from this Singaporean cohort. However, the Singaporean calcaneal BUA measurements were significantly higher compared to the Taiwanese children. Conclusion: This study provides the first normal reference data to evaluate bone strength in Singaporean children using the paediatric Contact Ultrasonic Bone Analyzer.

Keywords: Bone strength, Osteoporosis, Paediatrics
A 5-year Retrospective Review of Asian Ectropion: How Does It Compare to Ectropion Amongst Non-Asians?
Authors: Chua Jocelyn , Choo Chai Teck , Seah Lay Leng , Fong Kee Siew , Chee Soon Phaik , Chuah Chin Tek , Looi Audrey
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This study reviews the differences in demographics and surgical outcomes between ectropion in Asian and non-Asian eyes. Materials and Methods: Medical records of surgically corrected ectropion cases from January 2002 to December 2006 were reviewed. Pre- and postoperative lid-globe apposition was graded: grade 0 with normal lid-globe apposition, grade 1 with punctal ectropion, grade 2 with partial lid eversion and scleral show, grade 3 with conjunctival hyperemia and thickening and grade 4 as for grade 3 with exposure keratitis. Results: Sixty-nine eyes in 50 patients underwent surgical correction of lower lid ectropion, making up 3.3% of all lid procedures performed. Eighty-four percent of patients were above 50 years of age, 72% were males and 88% were Chinese. Involutional change was the commonest aetiology, accounting for the majority of bilateral cases. The mean duration to surgery was 10.0 ± 16.0 months. The most frequent preoperative severity grade was 2. Lateral tarsal strip (LTS) was the commonest procedure performed, comprising 91.3% of eyes. The mean duration of postoperative review was 19.4 ± 19.2 months (range, 1 to 74 months). Postoperative improvement of at least one grade was observed in 98% while normal lid-globe apposition was achieved in 76% of eyes. Conclusions: Involutional change is the most common cause of ectropion amongst both Asians and non-Asians. Ectropion is less prevalent amongst Asians as a result of anatomical differences and possibly reduced sun exposure. The LTS procedure is the most commonly performed surgical procedure for the successful correction of ectropion in both Asians and non-Asians.

Keywords: Asian eyes, Lateral tarsal strip
KESİRLİ MERTEBEDEN PSEUDO-HİPERBOLİK KISMİ DİFERANSİYEL DENKLEMİNİN HOMOTOPİ PERTÜRBASYON YÖNTEMİYLE YAKLAŞIK ÇÖZÜMÜ
Authors: ÇİÇEK Harun , MODANLI Mahmut
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada başlangıç değerlere bağlı kesirli mertebeden (Fractional order) Pseudo-Hiperbolik kısmi diferansiyel denkleminin homotopi pertürbasyon metoduyla çözümü incelenecektir. Kesirli mertebeden Pseoudo-Hiperbolik kısmi diferansiyel denkleminin farklı yöntemlerle çözümü mevcut olmasına rağmen homotopi pertürbasyon yöntemiyle çözümü daha kısa ve hata payı daha az olduğundan çözüm bu yöntemle yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Matlab programı yardımıyla tam çözüm grafik ile görselleştirilmiştir.