bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical, Mineralogical, and Petrographic Analysis of the Mud Mortar from Fort Ikoma Historical Building in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
Authors: Chuo R. A. , Nyangi P. , Kifanyi G.
Published: September 2024

The restoration of historical buildings especially the Fort Ikoma in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania requires knowing the material properties used in their construction by characterizing the composition and properties of the mortar to inform the sustainable restoration strategies. Hence, the objective of this paper was to investigate the chemical, mineralogical, and petrographic analysis of the mud mortar from the Fort Ikoma historical building in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania using appropriate standard methods. The results indicated predominant compositions by weight of mud mortar through chemical analysis were silica (59.82%), alumina (20.42%), and Iron (III) oxide (11.07%), which contributed to the higher pozzolanic activity (91.31%) and cementitious properties (Cementitious Index of 46.76) of the historical mud mortar. Mineralogical analysis revealed that a high amount of quartz (38%), nacrite (17%), and other materials such as albite, chlorite, and nepheline put up the ability of mud mortar to resist environmental pressures. The findings contribute to awareness of historical building materials and provide the technical basis for restoring the Fort Ikoma historical building in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, and similar historical buildings.
Economic Evaluation of Using Different Water Sources in the culture of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus; Burchell, 1822) at Ediba-Qua, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayim E. M. , Isah M. H. , Ukorebi E. A.
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic use of different water sources in the culture of the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus; Burchell 1822) at Ediba-Qua, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria using standard appropriate techniques. Results obtained showed that cost of feeding increased significantly  at (p < 0.05) with growth rate and weight gain in fish reared in borehole water having the highest cost (₦ 21617.86 ± 31.77) and least in rainwater (₦ 13635.93 ± 48.16). Profit index was highest in C. gariepinus reared in borehole water (16.99 ± 0.70), and least in stream water (15.74 ± 0.42) indicating that borehole water is the best water source for C. gariepinus with regards to profitability. This study has shown that fish farmers and fish intending farmers who are challenged by borehole water supply for fish culture can alternatively harvest rainwater or collect stream water to rear fish that could be utilized at a subsistent level.
Demonstrations of Improved Weed Management Options for Malt Barley in Central Ethiopia Region
Authors: Metiku K. B. , Muluken G. T.
Published: September 2024

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production is seriously affected by weed infestation due to the absence of effective management strategies. A field experiment was conducted to demonstrate the effect of post emergence herbicides on the management of malt barley weeds during the main growing season of 2018. The effects of three different herbicides on weed competition and the grain yield of malt barley were evaluated. Untreated controls were included to allow maximum weed infestation for comparison. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Based on our weed assessment Avena fatua and Galinsoga parviflora were the most common and prevailing weed species of barley. The results of the study revealed that the maximum weed infestation of 84.7% was recorded in the untreated plot, whereas the lowest weed infestation of 16.7% was recorded in the Axial+2.4.D treated plot. The malt barley revealed significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) for yield related traits due to herbicides treatment. Weed infestation resulted in a high grain yield loss of 71.8% in the unsprayed plot, while the lowest grain yield loss of 7.71% was obtained in the Plass+2.4.D treated plot. The trials clearly determined the appropriate herbicide for the management of malt barley weeds. The combined use of Axal+2.4.D can be recommended as the best option for obtaining higher vegetative growth and yield in barley production. However, future research on the management of major weed species in different agro-ecology is mandatory to develop more conclusive recommendations.
Exploring Carbon Nanotubes as Antimicrobial Agents: Efficacy, Toxicity, Challenges, and Future Prospects
Authors: Jonathan E. M. , Agbini O. A.
Published: September 2024

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), have been integrated into pharmaceutical and medical domains as drug delivery systems since the turn of the twenty-first century. Their capacity to effectively transport diverse therapeutics across membranes and into living cells has sparked interest in medicinal applications encompassing enhanced imaging, antimicrobial solutions, tissue regeneration, and targeted medication or gene delivery. Amidst the wealth of evidence showcasing the advantages of CNTs, such as heightened efficacy and reduced side effects, recent studies have unveiled unforeseen toxicities linked to their usage. Notably, the antimicrobial potential of CNTs has garnered significant attention, promising novel strategies for combating microbial infections. This mini review presents a synthesis and discussion of both the antimicrobial attributes and potential toxicity associated with carbon nanotubes. Despite their promising potential, several challenges stand as important considerations, deciphering the precise mechanisms through which CNTs exert their antibacterial effects remains a complex puzzle and ensuring the biocompatibility and safety of CNTs, both in terms of host cells and the environment, is paramount for clinical translation. Lastly, navigating regulatory pathways and standardization efforts will be integral for realizing the scope of CNTs as antimicrobial agents. The multifaceted nature of CNTs' antibacterial attributes underscores the complexity of their interactions within various systems. Addressing challenges through surface functionalization to enhance hydrophilicity and biocompatibility underscores a strategic approach for future exploration. As research progresses, carbon nanotubes hold the potential to emerge as a pivotal tool in the fight against microbial infections while offering innovative pathways for therapeutic advancements.
Heavy Metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Total Hydrocarbon Contents in Drilling Mud Effluents From Eastern Obolo Oilfield In The Niger Delta Region Of Nigeria
Authors: Awaka-Ama J. J. , Udo G. J. , Nyong A. E. , Umanah I. , Bassey M. E.
Published: September 2024

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and total hydrocarbon content (THC) in drilling mud effluents from Eastern Obolo Oilfield in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. The TPH and THC of OBM and WBM analyses with UV-Vis spectrophotometer indicated 1.60 mg/kg for OBM and 1.30 mg/kg for WBM. A value of 5.35 mg/kg was obtained for OBM compared to 5.15mg/kg for the OBM in the THC. Generally, the result indicated that TPH<THC and was found to be far lower than 50 mg/kg allowable for drilling mud in the environment. GC-MS analysis for TPH indicated a range of n- alkanes with a higher concentration (46118.28 ug/l) in the OBM compared to WBM concentration (17185.95 ug/l) compared to the UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The analysis of TPH using GC-MS revealed a more comprehensive range of n- alkanes present in the OBM and WBM. The heavy metals indicated considerable differences of the concentration in OBM and WBM. The concentrations viewed significantly with the range for the WBM; Fe>Zn>Cr>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cd. The concentrations range in the OBM were; Fe>Cr>Zn>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd. The evaluation of the concentrations of these elements in drilling mud are of environmental significance from pollution viewpoint especially ferrochrome lignosulphate (Chromium pollution) and lead compounds (lead pollution). The results from this study which indicates the presence of varying concentrations of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons in the drilling mud is valuable and significant when making the choice for subsequent disposal of drilling mud effluents and, particularly in the study area where extensive oil/gas operation is ongoing.
Effect of Land Use Land Cover on the Hydrology of Rwizi River Catchment located in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Muhangane L. , Majaliwa J. G. M. , Andama M. , Abdoulaye F. F.
Published: September 2024

Changes in land use and land cover usually affect the hydrological processes of river flows, sediment transport, and water quality on a global scale. Hence, the objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of Land Use Land Cover (LULCC) on the Hydrology of Rwizi River Catchment located in South-western Uganda using appropriate standard techniques and procedures including Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Model calibration and validation demonstrated good agreement (R² = 0.76-0.86, NSE = 0.75-0.78). LULC analysis revealed significant increases in built-up areas and forestland, with declines in grazing land and wetlands. These changes were driven by socio-economic factors and hydro-climatic influences. The study found strong correlations between LULC types and sediment yield, highlighting the implications for water quality and erosion control. The results show that urban growth raises surface runoff and peak flows as a result of a rise in impervious surfaces, whereas agricultural intensification raises water demand and lowers base flow, especially during dry spells. Deforestation has led to increased sedimentation rates, degrading water quality. These findings underscore the significant anthropogenic and climatic impacts on LULCC dynamics and hydrological processes in the catchment. The study emphasizes the critical need for integrated watershed management strategies to mitigate these impacts and ensure sustainable water management practices. By advancing understanding in hydrological sciences, this research informs policy and management decisions for sustainable development in tropical river basins globally.
Heavy Metal Levels in Insect Species Collected from Enyigba Community with Mining Activities in Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Nwanchor M. C. , Akunne C. E. , Uhuo C. A. , Ononye B. U. , Onyekwere A. M. , Anyanwu I. N.
Published: September 2024

Insects are the largest and most diverse group of organisms which are typically the overwhelming dominant invertebrate faunal group extensively used in biomonitoring and bioassessment. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the heavy metals levels in insect species collected from Enyigba Community with mining activities in Southeast Nigeria using appropriate standard methods.  In this study, three sites namely: Upper Inyia-(SA), Lower Inyia (SB) and the Control Site (SC) were selected and insect specimens were collected and evaluated from July 2022 to February, 2023. The insect groups used were Reticulitermes flavipes (termite), Zonocerus elegans (grasshopper), Acraea acrita (butterfly) and Cremtogaster sp. (Ant). The selected insects’ samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed heavy metal accumulations on the selected insects particularly the toxic metals such as Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn) and Mercury (Hg). Insects examined were Reticulitermes flavipes, Zonocerus elegans, Acraea acrita, and Crematogaster sp. collected from Enyigba mines. High concentrations of Cd was recorded in Zonocerus elegans at SA (0.13±0.042) and SB (0.17±0.007) which is far above WHO/FAO permissible limit. The result further revealed that there was also high Cd concentration (0.21±0.011) in Reticulitermes flavipes, which is also far above WHO/FAO permissible limit. Grasshopper, termites and butterfly had the highest accumulation of heavy metals among the studied insect groups, highlighting the challenges of mining on agriculture and food security in the region.
Feasibility of Utilizing Pulverized Ceramic Wastes as Potential Admixture for an Equimolar Clay-Brick Derivative
Authors: Ajadi M. O.
Published: September 2024

The heat-transmuted solid wastes of opalescent structures can be pulverised and recycled entirely for highly developed products. Hence, the objective of this paper was to investigate the feasibility of utilizing pulverised ceramic wastes (CWs) as a potential admixture for fired clay-brick derivative at 950oC with partial substitution at an equal ratio of clay (CL) and kaolin (KL) for water absorption rate and compressive strength test during loading. Several appropriate standard technics were employed. Results revealed that the sole compaction of ceramic wastes (Cs0) has the lowest strength density of 1.21MPa, compared with the progressive linear density of specimens with the addition of clay compositions as stabilizers. Sp10 has a higher resistance of 2.39MPa during compressive loading and a decrease in the quantities of ceramic wastes from Sp11-15 caused a low linear strength but an increase in the water absorption rate. Conclusively, ceramic wastes have a positive effect on clay bricks’ strength and water absorption when equally substituted with clay compositions. The study provides an avenue for solving ceramic waste disposal challenges and unveils the approach to boost the products of waste recycling industries, enhancing technological and economic growth.
International social work as a human rights profession in the global society: Challenges and implications of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Boecker Michael , Boecker Dorothée
Published: September 2024

This article discusses the importance of international social work in a global society. In an increasingly globalised world, we are interconnected in many ways and interdependent in a complex geopolitical (dis)order. This also applies to those involved in social work as a human rights profession. For a long time, the idea was that social workers had to act solely on a national level and that looking beyond one's own country could be refreshing but was unnecessary. However, we know how important international relationships, networks, and scientific exchanges are today. Geopolitical decisions often affect social work and its target groups at their core. Existential poverty and unemployment in countries of the Global South led to flight and migration to countries of the Global North. Crises such as wars or natural disasters have a wide range of effects on global value chains. The unequal distribution of poverty and wealth leads to asymmetrical power relations, which are not least the legacy of colonial and apartheid influence. This makes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations even more important. If, for example, the first goal in SDG 1 is formulated as "No poverty", then this poses numerous challenges for social work stakeholders in municipalities, states, and nations, to which they must find an answer. These challenge social work on several levels. The following article aims to discuss these challenges at macro-, meso- and micro levels and formulate mandates for action for international social work stakeholders. The aim is to contribute to forming a professional understanding that is defined beyond national structures and mandates.
Exploring childhood malnutrition and household food security in Gauteng and Limpopo: Implications for social development processes
Authors: Sello Matshidiso , Adedini Sunday , Odimegwu Clifford
Published: September 2024

This paper provides insight into the relationship between child malnutrition and food security in two South African communities facing economic hardships. The research focused on Thulani, a township in Gauteng province, and Ga Masemola, a rural village in Limpopo province. We conducted 20 in-depth interviews with mothers of children under five years. A key theme distilled from the data was the negative effects of unemployment, limited access to nutritious foods and coping strategies to alleviate food insecurity. The paper emphasises that suspending health and nutrition programmes during the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated health inequalities and reversed progress in achieving SDGs 1-3. The paper emphasises the importance of social development processes in addressing childhood malnutrition's root causes. This includes providing services, working collaboratively with communities and development agencies to promote sustainable food systems and nutrition awareness, and connecting families with needed psychosocial support and financial assistance.
Characterization of Marble and Granite Processing Waste and its Utilization in Brick Production: Case of Saba and Semayata Dimensional Stone Companies, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Haftu Zelealem
Published: September 2024

In Ethiopia, the marble and granite dimension stone industries have been growing significantly in the last decade and have become a part of the flourishing construction industry. Accordingly, the amount of quarrying and processing has increased significantly. This has contributed to increased waste of time. Semayata and Saba Dimensional Stone plc are the leading dimension stone-based companies located in the Wukro and Adwa areas, respectively in the Tigray region are involved in producing tiles and slabs of marble and granite. Due to its processing techniques and its highly alkaline nature, marble, and granite wastes in the Adwa and Wukro areas have become causes for environmental problems. Consequently, the demand for the recycling of waste has come to the forefront due to both environmental and financial considerations. Keeping this in view, a study was conducted on the waste generated by the Saba and Semayata processing units. The study aims to characterize wastes; and discuss the possibilities of using marble and granite wastes as an alternative raw material in the production of bricks. Based on the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties, the waste can be used to produce bricks without modifying and adding other contents.
Optimizing Wireless Sensor Networks by Identifying Key Nodes Using Centrality Measures
Authors: Kallakunta Suneela , Sreenivas Alluri
Published: September 2024

This study underscores the critical role of graph theory in optimizing the functionality of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Our research aims to enhance network efficiency by utilizing a variety of centrality metrics, including degree, betweenness, closeness, eigenvector, Katz, PageRank, subgraph, harmonic, and percolation centrality, to identify pivotal nodes. Employing an extended Barabási-Albert model graph of a 50-node network, our methodology focuses on pinpointing nodes crucial for optimal data processing, monitoring, and analysis in WSNs. This comprehensive approach deepens our understanding of sensor networks and significantly boosts operational efficiency by leveraging strategic node functionalities. The findings from our study are poised to revolutionize network management strategies, promoting the development of more robust and efficient WSN operations.
Financial requisition system: adopting agile techniques in solving corporate financial management challenge
Authors: Cole M. A. , Baridam B. B.
Published: September 2024

This paper addresses a longstanding problem in corporate financial management by introducing a financial requisition system (FRS) using the Agile software programming methodology. While various branches of financial management, including procurement, have evolved their requisition processes, the financial requisition process has lagged in efficiency and transparency. Recognizing this gap, this paper focuses on developing an advanced tool specifically tailored to the financial requisition as an aspect of the financial management system. The proposed financial requisition system integrates user-friendly interfaces and robust backend functionalities, acknowledging the unique complexities of financial requisitions. By learning from the evolution of other branches of financial management, this paper aims to adopt agile  transparency, and establish an advanced framework for managing financial needs. The paper contributes to the evolution of financial requisition processes, providing stakeholders and indeed all players in the financial industry with a dedicated and effective solution for managing financial workflows.
Development Aid: Economic Growth, Poverty and Inclusion Nexus in Africa
Authors: Mesfin Mulugeta Woldegiorgis  , Worku Tessema  , Jiregna Tadese Terfa
Published: September 2024

The paper aims to scrutinize the nexus between development aid, economic growth, poverty, and inclusion in Africa in the short and long run. After compiling the theoretical and empirical foundation of aid effectiveness literature, the statistical analysis is conducted in three scenarios. First, a panel data analysis was conducted from 1977 to 2018 for 34 African countries to explore the interface between Official Development Assistance (ODA) and economic growth in the long run. The second scenario presents ODA's short-term and long-term marginal effects on poverty reduction. The last scenario examines the direct effect of ODA on inclusive development. The statistical results show that aid effectiveness varies across nations. In the short-run, out of the 34 countries, only five countries have a positive marginal efficiency of ODA in terms of economic growth. However, only in one country (Nigeria) is the marginal efficiency of ODA arguably found to be positive in the long-run. The poverty elasticity of ODA is found to be negative in all countries. Finally, the random effects regression shows that ODA arguably contributes negatively to inclusion. Multiple factors may cause statistically negative relationships and should not be ignored due to the suspicion of an endogeneity problem. This is the unique selling point of this paper, as it discusses the potential causes. Statistical findings may not fully explain aid effectiveness because benefits and drawbacks may differ from national interests and project to project. Furthermore, aid may have different long- and short-term consequences. Given all the limitations, the statistical analyses in this paper show that development aid should have strategic crosscutting focus areas inter alia human development, technology, environment, demographic change, good governance, trade, and economic equity.
JEL Classification: F35, F59, O20, P45
The Fragility of Democracy in Africa: Are Military Coups D’état a Never-Ending Issue?
Authors: Adebukola Olubunmi Ayoola  , Solomon Ayantayo Ojo  , Oluwaseun Kugbayi
Published: September 2024

Some African countries have in recent times been experiencing military coups, with not less than seven occurrences between 2020 and 2023, an act considered not to be unconnected to the failure and fragility of democratic regimes. This study examined the factors responsible for the resurgence of military coups in Africa and the possible end to undemocratic regimes by applying secondary sources of data, including textbooks, journals, newspapers, and magazines. The findings of the study revealed that the failure of democratic regimes is a result of the sit-tight syndrome/mentality of African political elites, unmanageable security challenges, extractive political/economic institutions, the influence of external powers, corruption, and socio-economic disparity, and weak political institutions of African countries. The study concluded that although the only alternative to unseat or displace undemocratic civil rule, military regimes had never fared better, while some have performed even worse compared with the democratic regimes they successfully plotted against. As such, military rule should not be encouraged under any guise, and people should become more active in their democratic participation to ensure solid democratic institutions that can compel whoever is at the helm of governmental affairs to comply with the tenets of constitutional democracy dutifully.
Challenges, Prospects, and Strategic Directives for African Countries to Harness the Disruptive Capabilities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)
Authors: Gaelle Fitong Ketchiwou  , Patrick Ngulube
Published: September 2024

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has been at the center of several economic and political debates in recent years. This is because of its capacity to significantly disrupt every life, economic sector, and industry. The problem is that when compared to the West, there has been limited literature on 4IR in Africa, and the continent has yet to embrace the revolution in full. The purpose of this article is to explore the challenges, prospects, and strategic directives for African countries to harness the disruptive capabilities of the 4IR. This qualitative study used a narrative literature review approach. Journal articles constituted the sample for the study. A manual thematic analysis approach was used to analyze data. Findings reveal that despite the social, institutional, economic, and environmental challenges, the 4IR comes with a myriad of social, institutional, economic, and environmental benefits for Africa. However, for Africa to overcome existing challenges and harness the opportunities of the 4IR, employers, educational institutions, and governments in the continent need to play a strategic role. This study contributes to the limited academic literature on the 4IR in Africa. Findings from this article can inform policies around the 4IR in African countries. Results also provide practical strategic directives for African employers, educational institutions, and governments to harness the disruptive capabilities of the 4IR.
Cell therapy with autologous mesenchymal stem cells for premature baby with neonatal sepsis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Case report
Authors: Devyaltovskaya Margarita G. , Sankavec Dzmitry , Nikitchanka Dariy Y. , Potapnev Michael P. , Petyovka Natalia V. , Voytehovich Alexander S.
Published: September 2024

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have significant regenerative and anti-inflammatory potential; therefore they are widely used in medical practice. Neonatology is becoming a new area of clinical application of MSCs, including pathology treatment of premature newborns.

Objective: In the presented case report are demonstrated the results of cell therapy of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with autologous MSCs in premature newborns who have suffered from neonatal sepsis.

Methods: The patient was conducted with two intravenous injections of biomedical cellular product (BMCP) "Human mesenchymal stem cells” in addition to standard treatment.

Results: The presented clinical case demonstrates the effectiveness of autologous umbilical cord MSCs in the medical prevention of severe forms of BPD. The immunomodulatory effect of umbilical cord MSCs provided a favorable outcome of early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS).

Conclusion: The inclusion of autologous MSCs in the therapy of premature babies with neonatal sepsis and developing BPD is a safe and effective treatment.
Neural circuit regulation of postnatal and adult subventricular zone neurogenesis: Mechanistic insights, functional models, and circuit-based neurological disorders
Authors: Naffaa Moawiah M
Published: September 2024

Neural circuits' role in regulating neurogenesis within the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles (LV) has been extensively studied over the past two decades. The dynamic interplay between neurons, neurotransmitters, and LV neural stem cells (NSCs) highlights the critical influence of neural circuits on NSC renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. This article explores how neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, GABA, acetylcholine, and glutamate regulate SVZ neurogenesis, revealing the cellular processes essential for NSC modulation and neuroblast generation. Recent studies have identified specific pathways, such as the ACC-subep-ChAT+ circuit, that modulate NSC activity and proliferation through muscarinic receptor activation and intracellular signaling cascades. These findings advance our understanding of the neural circuit basis of NSC regulation, with implications for brain development, neurological disorders, and circuit-based therapeutic strategies. Moreover, the current understanding emphasizes the importance of elucidating neural circuit interactions to fully grasp neurogenesis mechanisms and their relevance to neuronal repair, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders. Addressing the differences between human and rodent neurogenesis could enhance the translation of these insights into improved therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative conditions. The article also discusses how single-cell multi-omics technologies are transforming the study of these processes, providing new insights into the molecular underpinnings of neurogenesis and neural circuit modulation in health and disease.
Vozes divergentes: defensores e críticos das políticas de assistência farmacêutica durante a ditadura civil-militar (1964-1974)
Authors: Santana Matheus
Published: September 2024

O artigo analisa a origem das primeiras políticas de assistência farmacêutica criadas no Brasil a partir da ditadura civil-militar. Avalia as ações tomadas pelos governos de Costa e Silva e Médici para enfrentar a inflação dos preços de matérias-primas e produtos farmacêuticos, em um período marcado pela predominância da iniciativa privada em tais setores. A tese principal deste artigo é a de que a criação da Central de Medicamentos (CEME), em 1971, simbolizou o resgate, em nível federal, de uma política de produção de insumos e medicamentos realizada no Instituto Nacional da Previdência Social (INPS) desde 1968, mas que foi encerrada em 1970 devido à oposição do setor privado. O estudo busca reconstruir o cenário de disputas entre Governo Federal e a Associação Brasileira da Indústria Farmacêutica (ABIF), principal representante das indústrias farmacêuticas no período, utilizando um conjunto de declarações e entrevistas inéditas do presidente do INPS, de membros da Comissão Diretora da CEME e de lideranças da ABIF. Analisadas a partir da metodologia gramsciana do Estado ampliado, as referidas fontes dão voz a alguns dos principais atores e representantes de frações de classe que participaram ou se opuseram à criação das primeiras políticas de assistência farmacêutica do Brasil.
Criminal Law Enforcement against Violations of Non-Smoking Areas Based on Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health
Authors: Hadi Dhiyo , Sihotang Erikson , Suandika Nyoman
Published: September 2024

Legal protection for consumers against the dangers of smoking in Indonesia is still very minimal, especially regarding law enforcement in smoking ban areas. This study aims to analyze legal protection for consumers against the dangers of smoking and evaluate the effectiveness of law enforcement against violations in smoking ban areas. This research uses normative research methods supported by empirical research. Data was collected through analysis of legislation and related literature, as well as observation of law enforcement practices in the field. The research found that legal protection of consumers is divided into two aspects, namely preventive and repressive. However, there are three factors inhibiting law enforcement in smoking ban areas, namely the lack of clear legal substance, low understanding among law enforcement, and lack of supporting infrastructure. The results of this study show that although there are regulations governing smoking restrictions, their implementation is still weak. Collaborative efforts between the government, communities, and businesses are needed to increase awareness and compliance with existing regulations.
The Influence of Financial Literacy on Investment Decision In The Millennial Generation Post The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Burton Ray , Yunita Irni
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic hit the world in late 2019, bringing many human activities to a halt. Several phenomena occurred as a result of these difficult conditions. Due to the rapid development of technology and the use of technology to earn income is new to some people, many people are exposed to fraud that occurs in the field of financial technology. This study aims to find out how people's financial literacy index, how they choose to invest, and how their financial literacy affects investment decisions. Since the millennial generation is the majority of productive age in Indonesia, this research targets the millennial generation. This research is limited to the Bandung City area because there are differences in Regional Minimum Wage (UMR) and investment decision-making behavior between cities. This verification quantitative research uses purposive sampling method with a total sample size of 1,275,520 people. Data was collected using an online questionnaire and the SPSS program was used to analyze the data of 400 respondents to find out how the level of financial literacy affects investment decisions and to identify all factors that affect financial literacy. The three factors used to measure the effect of financial literacy are financial knowledge, behavior and attitude. Descriptive statistics, normality, heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity and multiple linear regressions were the SPSS tests performed. This study found that financial knowledge, behavior and attitude together have a significant influence simultaneously on investment decisions. In addition, this study also found that financial knowledge, behavior and attitude each have a partially significant influence on investment decisions.
Expert systems: an effective tool for risk management – the case of Naftal Skikda
Authors: Saidi Tarik , Amrani Meriem
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the impact of expert systems on improving risk management at Naftal Skikda, a key player in the oil and gas sector in Algeria. It seeks to determine the effectiveness of these advanced technologies in risk detection, real-time decision-making, and overall risk management efficiency. The hypotheses tested aim to assess whether the integration of expert systems can accelerate risk detection and contribute to risk reduction, while enhancing the speed and accuracy of decision-making. This research aims to provide strategic recommendations to strengthen practices for managing risks within the petroleum and natural gas sectors, highlighting the potential of expert systems as a transformative tool.
Assessing teachers' acceptance of traditional games-based creative movement for increasing preschool children's imagination
Authors: Saearani Muhammad Fazli Taib , Sampurno Muchammad Bayu Tejo , Chan Abdul Hamid , Alfarisi Salman , Augustine Christine , Colleen Wong Wong Huey Yi
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore the urgency, content expectations, and teachers' attitudes towards learning creative dance based on traditional folk games in building the imagination of preschool children. Knowledge about the teacher's urgency, content, and attitude is needed to develop a creative dance learning model that can increase the imagination of preschool children using traditional folk games. A survey conducted on 40 preschool teachers in Malaysia showed that teachers felt an urgency to improve children's imagination (mean = 4.48), proposed some content related to traditional games (mean = 4.45), and saw that traditional games could inspire a creative movement to increase children's imagination (mean = 4.41). This research is still in the early stages of evaluating teacher needs and readiness and has not yet reached the design or empirical testing of the Active-Tradir model. Nevertheless, these findings provide a strong basis for further development and implementation of a future creative movement learning model based on traditional games, which we have named "Creative Movement Based on Folk Traditional Games (Active-Tradir)."
Keywords: children's imagination, traditional games, creative movements, preschool teacher, Malaysia
El mindfulness y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana (Mindfulness and sleep quality in students of a private university in Metropolitan Lima)
Authors: Romero Nuñez Liliana Ines , Dávila-Morán Roberto Carlos , Pareja Pera Lidia Ysabel , Guanilo Pareja Carla Giuliana , Guanilo Paredes Carlos Enrique , Salazar Montenegro Jaime
Published: September 2024

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre mindfulness y la calidad del sueño en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental y de nivel correlacional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 133 estudiantes del sexto al octavo ciclo de la carrera de Educación Física. La salud de Sueño se evaluó mediante el Índice de Salud de Sueño de Pittsburgh y la atención plena se midió mediante el Cuestionario de Atención Plena de Cinco Facetas. Los resultados revelaron una correlación negativa, significativa y moderada entre la calidad del sudor y la atención plena, lo que sugiere que un mayor nivel de atención plena se asocia con una mejor calidad del sudor. En concreto, las dimensiones "actuar con conciencia", "ausencia de juicio" y "descripción" mostraron correlaciones negativas significativas con la calidad del sudor. Estos hallazgos indican que los estudiantes con puntuaciones más altas en estas dimensiones de mindfulness experimentan una mejor calidad de sudor. Se concluye que promover prácticas de mindfulness en el entorno universitario podría mejorar la calidad del año académico y el bienestar general de los estudiantes.
Palabras clave: Mindfulness, calidad del sudor, estudiantes universitarios, correlación, salud mental.
Abstract. This study aimed to establish the relationship between mindfulness and sleep quality in students from a private university in Lima, Peru. A quantitative methodological approach was used with a non-experimental design and a correlational level. The sample consisted of 133 students from sixth to eighth cycle of the Physical Education degree. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and mindfulness was measured with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. The results revealed a negative, significant and moderate correlation between sleep quality and mindfulness, suggesting that a higher level of mindfulness is associated with better sleep quality. Specifically, the dimensions "acting with awareness", "absence of judgment" and "description" were found to show significant negative correlations with sleep quality. These findings indicate that students with higher scores in these mindfulness dimensions experience better sleep quality. It is concluded that promoting mindfulness practices in the university environment could improve the quality of sleep and the general well-being of students.
Keywords: Mindfulness, sleep quality, college students, correlation, mental health.
Megtartás-menedzsment sajátosságai hazai kutatási tapasztalatok tükrében
Authors: Szopos Edina-Cecília
Published: September 2024

Recent changes, both in the macro and micro environment, have challenged organisations in recruiting and retaining staff. The aim of this paper is to explore and analyse the key factors that affect staff retention.  It also aims to explore the specificities of the domestic labour market and the retention management practices of companies. In order to identify and collect these factors, I conducted a systematic literature review in Google Scholar, MTMT, Web of Science and the Online Encyclopedia of Public Service databases, examining studies published between 2020. and 2023. Based on the research findings, I believe that prioritizing the well-being of employees is key to workforce retention. It is important to create a constructive, supportive work environment where employees can enjoy their work and feel valued and well treated. They should also receive regular feedback on their work, feel satisfied with the working environment, and have the opportunity to work as part of a team, develop professionally and have opportunities for career progression.
ЭЛЕКТРОСТАТИКА БӨЛІМІНДЕ ӨТКІЗГІШТІҢ МЕНШІКТІ КЕДЕРГІСІН ӨЛШЕУДІ ҮЙРЕНУ
Authors: Калиева А.
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the methodology and system of teaching physics in higher educational institutions such as the difficulties in teaching the section of electrodynamics. The factors that contribute to the emergence of these problems are described. New technologies in the teaching of physics, methods of physics and theory, and methods used are considered. On the issues of developmental learning in electrodynamics, we study: logical, theoretical, scientific and technical, dialectical thinking. This article describes the definition of electrical phenomena of nature, its understanding by students and application. In connection with the fact that the student does not understand the program of the first year and complicates the process of training mentors in the process of training, the problem of preparation in the section of electrodynamics is considered to be actual at the university. At present it is impossible to become a competent specialist, until new effective methods are applied. The aim of the students is to study an in-depth of electrodynamics.
Faster than Light and the Third Postulate of Special Relativity
Authors:   Senior Oil & Gas Consultant, Castelli, Prov Buenos Aires, Argentina, A Crotti Marcelo , Torregrosa Lillo Angel ,   San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain, E Crotti Guillermo ,   Lecturer in Astronomy II, La Plata, Argentina
Published: September 2024

Through a very simple conceptual analysis and with the aid of a few numerical examples, it becomes evident that the possibility of traveling at speeds greater than that of electromagnetic waves (hereafter identified as Faster Than Light or simply FTL travels) or the simple instantaneous transmission of information generates temporal paradoxes. Since such paradoxes and potential causality violations would imply the impossibility of FTL travel, it would be necessary to consider as an alternative the proposition of a privileged system that would inevitably lead to an absolute metric for both time and spatial dimensions. The existence of a privileged reference system was originally proposed by Lorentz and Poincaré, in which the deformations of lengths and times between Inertial Systems (IS) are real, and the speed of light is only apparently constant as a result of these instrumental alterations [1,2]. This privileged system maintains the "superfluous" nature of the existence of a supporting medium intended to describe the reality of each IS. However, it compels us to assume the existence of a fundamental framework through which both waves and particles would propagate.
Pelatihan Jurnalistik Dasar di UPT SMA Negeri 3 Sinjai
Authors: Putri Utami Adeh Ijam , Asriadi
Published: September 2024

Journalism is the activity of processing news materials, ranging from coverage to the preparation of a decent disseminated to the public. Journalism is defined as the activity of delivering messages to audiences through organized communication media. The purpose of this community service is to improve the quality of self, prepare students in the future to face the next, provide the ability to write news. In the community service conducted, there are implementation methods that are applied, among others, determining the criteria for participants to be invited to the activity, inviting participants, building an understanding of journalism, and providing motivation for journalistic skills to the younger generation. Journalism focuses on collecting news material, reporting events, writing news, editing news scripts, and presenting or disseminating news through the media. Elements in a news is the most important thing in the journalistic process. Elements in the news the most important is 5w+1H. These 5W+1H elements include, what, who, when, where, why, and how. Basic journalism training have a great influence on students in training and developing interests and talents in the world of journalism. Students also benefit from this activity, namely the ability to write news into an alternative profession in the future. With the implementation of this training, participants are expected to improve their knowledge and have the ability to write news.
Applying Machine Learning to Big Data Analysis in Economics
Authors: Бойдаченко В.В. , Бутин П.А. , Семененко А.В. , Косникова О.В.
Published: September 2024

В статье изучается тема машинного обучения, а именно рассматриваются принципы работы машинного обучения и его применение для обработки информации в экономической сфере. Анализируются основные методы машинного обучения и работы с большими данными. В статье применяется алгоритм обработки производственных данных. Выявлены плюсы и минусы машинного обучения и других методов обработки информации и выделены возможные способы оптимизации данного алгоритма.

This article studies the topic of machine learning, namely, the principles of machine learning and its application to information processing in the economic sphere. Examples of successful implementation of machine learning methods in various sectors of the economy are also considered, which demonstrates their potential for improving business processes and making informed management decisions. The main methods of MO working with big data are analyzed. The article uses an algorithm for processing production data, its need for use and possible applications. Thanks to this study, the pros and cons of MO and other information processing methods were identified and possible optimizations of this algorithm were highlighted.
Features of digital marketing in Russia
Authors: Кадитлаева Н.Л. , Нажмутдинова С.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье анализируется современная роль цифрового маркетинга. Цифровая среда все больше внедряется в жизнь современных потребителей, что способствует появлению новых инструментов в каждом из элементов комплекса продвижения. Перечислены факторы, повлиявшие на цифровые изменения инструментов продвижения. Важное место отводится рассмотрению возможных препятствий при переходе к маркетингу роста, а также их возможным решениям.

This publication analyzes the modern role of digital marketing. The digital environment is increasingly being introduced into the lives of modern consumers, and this contributes to the emergence of new tools in each element of the promotion mix. The factors that influenced digital changes in promotion tools are listed. An important place in the article is given to the consideration of possible obstacles in the transition to growth marketing, as well as their possible solutions.
The impact of diversification on the balance of cash flows of an engineering organization
Authors: Кислицына Л.В.
Published: September 2024

Сбалансированность денежных потоков как одна из ключевых целей любой компании может быть достигнута различным образом. Одним из действенных механизмов ее реализации является диверсификация деятельности. Для инжиниринговых организаций, отличающихся спецификой деятельности, диверсификация в данном случае имеет особое значение. Она позволяет не только балансировать денежные потоки, но и способствует укреплению финансового состояния в части ликвидности и финансовой результативности. Содержание настоящей статьи может представлять интерес для практических работников в сфере инжиниринга, а также для обучающихся экономических направлений подготовки.

Balancing cash flows as one of the key goals of any company can be achieved in various ways. One of the effective mechanisms for its implementation is diversification of activities. For engineering organizations that differ in the specifics of their activities, diversification in this case is of particular importance. It allows not only to balance cash flows, but also helps to strengthen the financial condition in terms of liquidity and financial performance. The content of this article may be of interest to practitioners in the field of engineering, as well as to students of economic areas of training.