bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Update of use of dietary indices to control for diet in human gut microbiota studies
Authors: Bowyer Ruth , Shivappa Nitin , Wells Philippa M , Spector Tim D , Welch Ailsa A , Hébert James , Steves Claire J
Published: March 2020

Background In our recent publication (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-018-0455-y ) we concluded that of the three dietary indices we studied the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was the index of choice where researchers wish to account for the role of diet in microbiome association studies. Following correspondence from its creators, we replicated our initial study with an additional index, the Dietary inflammation index (DII ® ) using an updated data analysis pipeline for microbiota comparisons that incorporate the use of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) rather than the previously utilised Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) reflects the inflammatory potential of an individual’s diet, after controlling for total energy intake, which is of interest given the known association between the microbiota and inflammatory disease. Results Using data from 5047 participants of the TwinsUK cohort, we observed the E-DII to be a valid dietary measure within this cohort. The E-DII had a stronger association with frailty, a measure of health deficit, than the HEI (E-DII: β = 0.12, p < 0.001; HEI: β = −0.09, p < 0.001) But not with BMI (E-DII: β = 0.04, p <0.01, HEI: β = −0.07, p <0.001). In a subset of individuals (n = 1853) with existing microbiota data, the E-DII had a stronger association with measures of microbiota species (alpha) diversity; the HEI had a higher number of associations with differences of taxa abundance. Of interest are the differences where the two indexes do not overlap). For example, the genus with the strongest association with the E-DII but not significantly associated with the HEI was assigned as Escherichia/Shigella (logFC=0.692, q<0.001). Both indexes were associated with PCoAs of weighted UniFrac distances. Conclusion Both the E-DII and HEI are strong candidates for use as covariates in microbiota association studies where measures of the microbiota are captured using ASVs. The E-DII is an interesting alternative to the HEI particularly where study designs are looking to assess causality of the microbiota in driving inflammation and inflammatory disease.
Depression, resilience and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees
Authors: Malliarou Maria , Tsapakidi Dimitra , Gouva Mairi , Kotrotsiou Evaggelia , Nikolentzos Athanasios , Sarafis Pavlos
Published: March 2020

Background The number of refugees and displaced people who have been forced to migrate due to war, mass violence and political instability has reached unprecedented levels. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of depression, resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees, temporally stationed in Larisa, Central Greece, through self-administered questionnaire. Simple regression, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and one-way Anova was used. Methods A cross-sectional study carried out with asylum-seeker war refugees residing in Larisa at a number of apartments rented and ran by the UNHCR and the municipality of Larisa. For the data collection PHQ-9 questionnaire, CD-RISC questionnaire and Harvard Trauma questionnaire (HTQ) were used. Descriptive statistics were applied, as well as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results A total of 64 immigrants (40 males and 23 females, 1-mssing value) agreed to participate in the research. The mean age was 35.72 (SD 7.45), 35 respondents were classified as increased PTSD (scores > 2.5). The results showed a physically and exhausted sample, with marginal mental strength (Mean = 59.38%), fluctuating between moderate (N% = 28.10%) and severe depression (N% = 28.10%). About one in two participants (N% = 54.70%) showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD, reporting traumatic experiences that mainly involved immediate events of violence, i.e. beating, while there were very few cases of sexual abuse or violence. A key factor in the formulation of PTSD, depression and Mental Stress Indicators was found to be age but limited to 43 years. Conclusion This study revealed that the refugees of the sample are tired, after being absent and idle for about 2 years from their homeland, in a marginal state of collapse. The most important event-hope that sustains its moderate resilience is the grant of asylum and the hope of arrival in the country of destination.
Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children
Authors: Yin Chunyan , zhang hong ai , Zhang Meizheng , xiao yanfeng y
Published: March 2020

Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children. Methods This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.
Extensive transcriptome changes underlying the fruit skin color intensity variation in purple eggplant
Authors: Zhou Xiaohui , Liu Songyu , Liu Yaping , Liu Jun , Yang Yan , Wang Dan , Zhuang Yong
Published: March 2020

Background: Fruit skin color intensity is one of the most important economic traits of purple eggplant. A wide diversity for fruit skin color intensity exists in purple eggplant and the accumulation of anthocyanins and chlorophylls of fruit skin mainly affected color intensity. However, limited information is available contributing to the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit skin color intensity variation in eggplant.Results: In the present study, variation of two purple eggplant advanced lines EP26 and EP28, with different fruit skin color intensity was investigated. Comparative transcriptome analysis of EP26 and EP28 identified a total of 2218 differential expressed genes (DEGs) at two different developmental stages. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis. In addition, a total of 131 transcription factors including MYB , bHLH , WRKY , and NAC exhibited dynamic changes, which might be responsible for the variation of fruit pigments accumulation between EP26 and EP28.Conclusions: Taken together, these results expand our knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying fruit skin color intensity variation in purple eggplant, which allowing for improvement of fruit coloration in eggplant breeding.
GnRHa vs. observation in the treatment of multiple leiomyomas after myomectomy: study protocol for a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wei Jia , Ma Xiangyi , Wang Wenwen , Zhang Minli , Yu Zhiying , Zhang Wei , Hong Li , Li Zhiying , Li Lin , Wang Yan , Feng Yun , Guo Ruixia , Zhang Chunlian , Yue Qinfen , Wang Wuliang , Wang Shixuan
Published: March 2020

Background: Recurrence of the leiomyoma is one of the major concerns of myomectomy in the long-term management, especially for the multiple leiomyomas. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is currently one of the most effective medications to reduce the volume of the fibroids and the uterus. However, its role in preventing recurrence after conservative surgery remains unclear. At present, there is no evidence from randomized clinical trials comparing the efficacy between GnRHa and follow-up observation in the recurrence rate of multiple leiomyomas after myomectomy.Methods: We are conducting a randomized controlled trial in women aged 18-45 undergoing myomectomy for the multiple leiomyomas. After the surgery, women whose pathological result confirms multiple leiomyoma are randomized into two parallel groups: observation group and GnRHa group. The primary outcome is the recurrence of either clinical symptoms or imaging.Discussion: The results of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in preventing the recurrence of high-risk leiomyoma after myomectomy.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IPR-17012992 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=21797 ). Registered on 15 Oct 2017.
MOTIVOS E SENTIDOS PARA APRENDIZAGEM DE ELETRICIDADE NO CURSO TÉCNICO
Authors: Andrade Fabiola Fernandes
Published: March 2020

Este artigo apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa de campo realizada no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará (IFCE) no segundo semestre de 2018. Teve o apoio financeiro do IFCE por meio do edital PROINFRA 2017. A pesquisa buscou compreender o processo de criação de necessidades da busca incessante do conhecimento da disciplina Eletricidade, capaz de mobilizar os discentes para a apropriação dos conceitos fundamentais para uma aprendizagem significativa, ou seja, da capacidade e atitudes que promovesse a constante investigação dos conceitos de Eletricidade, mediante uma metodologia pedagógica específica. Vinte e dois estudantes do curso técnico de Eletroeletrônica participaram da pesquisa. Como resultado, os estudantes dialogaram de forma constante com os conceitos de Eletricidade por meio da prática diária da montagem de circuitos eletrônicos, conciliando, assim, a teoria com as aplicações práticas.
CAPOEIRA E FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: SABERES DE UMA PRÁXIS EXTENSIONISTA
Authors: ABREU SAMARA MOURA BARRETO , SANTOS ELENEIDE GOMES , SOUTO MARIA JANAINA LUSTOSA
Published: March 2020

A capoeira vem se constituindo uma atividade de formação docente nos Sertões de Canindé através dos projetos de Extensão Capoeira-Educação e Capoeira-Comunidade cuja trajetória histórica foi iniciada em 2012, no IFCE Canindé. O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a mobilização de saberes para a formação docente em Educação Física numa práxis extensionista com a Capoeira. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de campo e descritivo com predominância da abordagem qualitativa, tomando a experiência vivida dos monitores nesse projeto de extensão. A análise interpretativa dos dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário. As implicações analíticas da pesquisa evidenciou que as experiências vivenciadas relacionadas aos saberes docentes (da experiência, do conhecimento e pedagógicos) desenvolvidos no projeto tiveram grande influência na atuação na vida e profissão docente dos monitores, no que se refere a uma práxis social que fomenta uma aprendizagem para a docência em Educação Física, reafirmando o construto dessa experiência como intervenção política e social com aproximações a uma prática de educação dialógica e humanística, desenvolvidas nas e pelas relações de intersetorialidade e participação social.
USO DE GALACTOMANANA DA SEMENTE DE Caesalpinia pulcherrima NO REVESTIMENTO DE CENOURA MINIMAMENTE PROCESSADA
Authors: Moraes Georgia Maciel dias de , Lima Aurelice de Assis , Freitas Andrea Teixeira Cardoso
Published: March 2020

Sabendo que o tempo de vida útil dos vegetais minimamente processados é reduzida, e por isso, afim de manter as características de qualidade do produto, muitos estudos estão focados em revestimento comestíveis à base de biopolímeros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a vida útil da cenoura (Dacus carota) minimamente processada e revestida com galactomanana extraída da semente de Caesalpinia pulcherrima. As cenouras foram higienizadas, descascadas e cortadas em rodelas com espessura de 1cm. Foram obtidas as seguintes amostras: Cenoura controle (CC), cenoura revestida com 0,53% de galactomanana (C1), cenoura revestida com 1,03% de galactomanana (C2), onde foram acondicionadas em bandejas Poliestireno Expandido, recoberta com filme PVC e mantido sob refrigeração (6± 2°C). Foram realizadas análises de acidez, pH, umidade, textura, vitamina C, sólidos solúveis totais em °Brix, cor e avaliação visual, nos tempos 2, 7 e 9 dias após o processamento. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a concentração de 1,03% de galactomanana utilizada como revestimento, apresentou maior eficiência na manutenção dos parâmetros analisados, ao longo do período estudado. Dessa forma conclui-se que a utilização de revestimento a 1,03% à base de galactomanana demonstra-se como uma ótima alternativa de conservação, em virtude da redução das alterações fisiológicas e consequente expansão da vida pós-colheita da cenoura.
CRISE BRASILEIRA, EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR E SOFRIMENTO PSÍQUICO: SINTOMAS MÓRBIDOS DE UM TEMPO DA DESESPERANÇA
Authors: Albuquerque Cynthia Studart , Da Silva Adriana Alves , De Matos Rachel Araujo
Published: March 2020

Este ensaio, produzido com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, discute a relação entre a educação superior e o processo de sofrimento psíquico dos estudantes, no contexto da crise estrutural do capital, particularizada na realidade brasileira. Reflete sobre as implicações dos processos de mundialização do capital, reestruturação produtiva e ajuste neoliberal do Estado para produção da insegurança social, do medo e da melancolia, determinantes para o sofrimento mental dos jovens estudantes, agora adensados pela conjuntura nacional de autoritarismo, desmonte das políticas sociais e ataque aos direitos. Resistir a esse tempo de desesperança por meio de reflexões e aprofundamento do tema se faz urgente para superação desses mórbidos sintomas.
Parent Hamiltonian reconstruction of Jastrow-Gutzwiller wavefunctions
Authors: Turkeshi Xhek , Dalmonte Marcello
Published: March 2020

Variational wave functions have been a successful tool to investigate
the properties of quantum spin liquids. Finding their parent
Hamiltonians is of primary interest for the experimental realization of
these strongly correlated phases, and for gathering additional insights
on their stability. In this work, we systematically reconstruct
approximate spin-chain parent Hamiltonians for Jastrow-Gutzwiller wave
functions, which share several features with quantum spin liquid wave
functions in two dimensions. Firstly, we determine the different phases
encoded in the parameter space through their correlation functions and
entanglement properties. Secondly, we apply a recently proposed
entanglement-guided method to reconstruct parent Hamiltonians to these
states, which constrains the search to operators describing relativistic
low-energy field theories - as expected for deconfined phases of gauge
theories relevant to quantum spin liquids. The quality of the results is
discussed using different quantities and comparing to exactly known
parent Hamiltonians at specific points in parameter space. Our findings
provide guiding principles for experimental Hamiltonian engineering of
this class of states.
Desafíos en el diseño de sistemas Ciber-Físicos
Authors: Chandy John C.
Published: March 2020

Los sistemas cyber-físicos ─Cyber-Physical Systems CPS─ es un proceso que integra la computación con los procesos físicos. Los computadores embebidos, el monitoreo de redes y el control de procesos físicos, usualmente tienen ciclos de retroalimentación en los que los procesos físicos afectan los cálculos, y viceversa. En este artículo se examinan los desafíos en el diseño de estos sistemas, y se plantea la cuestión de si la informática y las tecnologías de redes actuales proporcionan una base adecuada para ellos. La conclusión es que para mejorar los procesos de diseño de estos sistemas no será suficiente con elevar el nivel de abstracción o verificar, formalmente o no, los diseños en los que se basan las abstracciones de hoy. El potencial social y económico de los CPS es mucho mayor de lo que hasta el momento se ha pensado; en todo el mundo se están realizando grandes inversiones para desarrollar esta tecnología, pero los retos son considerables. Para aprovechar todo el potencial de los CPS se tendrán que reconstruir los procesos de las abstracciones informáticas y de las redes, y los procesos se deberán acoger en pleno a los principios de las dinámicas físicas y de la computación.
Control de estabilidad de un robot por medio de señales ultrasónicas
Authors: Monsalve Wilmar G. , Muñoz Harby A. , Álvarez David A. , Ardila Sergio F. , Cárdenas T. Andrés M.
Published: March 2020

Actualmente son diversos los métodos utilizados para la medición de una inclinación de un cuerpo respecto a una referencia o un marco fijo, pero el problema radica en los costos que estos acarrean, siendo este un factor limitante para el desarrollo científico cuando se dispone de bajos recursos económicos. En Este punto es en donde se hace relevante la investigación y el desarrollo en materia de tecnología llevado a cavo, en este articulo, ya que la finalidad del presente proyecto, consiste en proporcionarle estabilidad a un robot autónomo de un solo eje, para lo cual se hace necesario, la implementación de un sistema de control de inclinación. El sistema de detección de inclinación desarrollado, está basado en el ultrasonido como herramienta principal de medición de distancia entre dos puntos equidistantes del eje central de la plataforma robótica, la cual es inestable por naturaleza. Mediante este nuevo método, se ha logrado establecer magnitudes de inclinación del orden de fracciones de grados, ya que los transductores piezoeléctricos en conjunto con la electrónica implementada, brinda gran precisión en las medidas realizadas.
Índices de ruido urbano en el día sin carro en la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Rendón Jeiser , Gómez José R. , Pardo Andrés F. , Monsalve Raúl A. , Murillo G. Diego M.
Published: March 2020

Con el presente artículo se pretende descubrir, a través de mediciones de ruido ambiental y datos de flujo vehicular, el cambio del paisaje sonoro en la ciudad de Medellín durante la implementación del día sin carro del día jueves 22 de abril de 2010; para lo que se tuvo como referencia cuatro puntos significativos de la ciudad: Monterrey, Alpujarra, Avenida Ferrocarril y la calle 33. Para el proceso de adquisición de datos se realizaron mediciones, tanto en el día sin carro, como en un día con carro, teniendo como fundamento la Resolución 0627 de 2006 “Mediante la cual, se establece la norma nacional de emisión de ruido y ruido ambiental” y la ISO 1996 “Norma internacional que contiene la descripción, medición y la evaluación de ruido ambiental”. Fue importante en esta investigación constatar la incidencia de los automóviles particulares en los niveles de ruido urbano que posee la ciudad, analizando las mediciones obtenidas este día, y encontrando congruencias funcionales entre el ruido urbano y los automóviles.
Interdependencia entre la restauración ecológica y la conservación natural
Authors: Dos Santos Juan
Published: March 2020

La restauración ecológica se percibe por muchos conservacionistas, y por la mayoría de los economistas, como una diversión, una ilusión, y mucho peor, como una pérdida de tiempo y dinero. En este trabajo se señala que la restauración, de hecho, complementa no sólo a la conservación de la naturaleza sino que también es útil para lograr un desarrollo socio-económicamente sostenible y equitativo. Esto se debe a que restaurar y aumentar la base del capital natural es la mejor vía para generar puestos de trabajo, y mejorar los medios de supervivencia y de calidad de vida para todos, lo mismo que para la economía.
El “Desarrollo de Software” como “Ingeniería de Software”
Authors: Schaull Scott F.
Published: March 2020

El desarrollo de software puede ser predecible y controlable, económico y manejable pero, actualmente, losproyectos software no se suelen ejecutar de esa manera, aunque sea posible lograrlo. En este artículo se trata al desarrollo de software como una emergente y necesaria “Ingeniería de Software” y se describe la necesidad de procesos formativos adecuados desde las universidades para reconocer la práctica del desarrollo de software como una profesión ingenieril.
Implicaciones ambientales de las tecnologías de energía renovable
Authors: Mahirt-Smith Jan
Published: March 2020

Las tecnologías de energía renovable como la eólica, la solar y la biomasa, hacen un uso del suelo más intenso que las de combustibles fósiles tradicionales y, geográficamente, sus implicaciones ambientales son más heterogéneas, por lo que presentan un gran desafío para las técnicas de evaluación de su ciclo de vida. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación bibliográfica alrededor de los siguientes temas: 1) cambios en el uso del suelo debido a la mayor producción de energía renovable; 2) impactos del uso de suelo; 3) variabilidad geográfica en el inventario de datos; y 4) efectos de la distribución de energía. Además, se revisa el grado de investigación que actualmente se aplica acerca de las tecnologías de energía renovable en campos como el eólico, el solar y la bioenergía y en la evaluación del ciclo de vida en general.
Tecnologías de internet para diseñar la red eléctrica del futuro
Authors: Estrada Andrés E.
Published: March 2020

Actualmente, la infraestructura de la red eléctrica se encuentra en evaluación en diferentes países: la cuestión es que es antigua y ya no responde a las exigencias y necesidades que la sociedad demanda. La próxima generación de esta red, a menudo llamada "red inteligente", deberá contar con generación de energía distribuida, más capacidad de almacenamiento, decenas de millones de fuentes de energía renovable estocásticas y el uso de las tecnologías de la comunicación, tanto para permitir la armonía entre la oferta y la demanda como para incentivar un adecuado comportamiento del consumidor. Estos desafíos buscan reducir la pérdida de energía y la huella de carbono de la red, haciéndola más "inteligente" y "más verde". En este documento se discute cómo aplicar los conceptos y las tecnologías descubiertas y aplicadas en la Internet, fruto de más de cuatro décadas de investigación, al diseño de la red eléctrica inteligente. Esto es posible debido a que ambas redes están diseñadas para satisfacer las necesidades fundamentales de información y de energía, respectivamente, a través de conexiones entre proveedores dispersos geográficamente, para consumidores igualmente dispersos geográficamente. Teniendo en cuenta éstas y otras similitudes –y también diferencias fundamentales– se proponen varias áreas específicas en las que los conceptos y las tecnologías de Internet pueden contribuir al desarrollo de la siguiente generación de la red eléctrica. También se describen algunas áreas donde se pueden mejorar las operaciones de Internet aplicando la experiencia adquirida en la red eléctrica.
Minería de datos aplicada en detección de intrusos
Authors: Vallejo P. Diego , Tenelanda V. Germán
Published: March 2020

Con base a los fundamentos y técnicas de la minería de datos se pueden diseñar y elaborar modelos que permiten encontrar comportamientos clandestinos de fácil detección a simple vista como lo es la información no evidente -desconocida a priori y potencialmente útil- en referencia a hechos determinados. En particular la utilidad de la minería de datos en esta área radica en una serie de técnicas, algoritmos y métodos que imitan la característica humana del aprendizaje: ser capaz de extraer nuevos conocimientos a partir de las experiencias. La minería de datos posee características como: análisis de grandes volúmenes de información, generación de comportamientos que no son fácilmente perceptibles, depuración de datos para toma de decisiones. Estas características pueden ser de vital importancia para ser aplicadas en la seguridad de la información a través de la detección de intrusos. En la actualidad la seguridad de la información es uno de los grandes retos que tiene el mundo, y en especial, la detección de anomalías en los registros de acceso de los diferentes sistemas de información. Con esta aplicabilidad resulta un método básico y muy eficiente de poder prevenir intrusiones. Se centra el campo de en la detección de intrusos al nutrir el proceso de seguimiento de los acontecimientos que ocurren en la red informática, seguido del análisis de los mismos; con el fin de detectar los factores que ponen en peligro la confidencialidad, integridad, disponibilidad y no repudio de los datos. En el presente trabajo se pretende mostrar el aporte a la seguridad de la información de la minería de datos en el contexto de la detección de intrusos.
Mapeo de la evolución de una enfermedad usando sistemas Neuro-Difusos. Caso de estudio: Esclerosis Múltiple
Authors: Tabares O. Héctor A.
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo propone un modelo para estudiar la evolución de la esclerosis múltiple, enfermedad desmielinizante, neurodegenerativa y crónica del sistema nervioso central. El modelo planteado se basa en la utilización de un sistema neuro-difuso como herramienta para describir la progresión de la enfermedad, empleando un caso particular para su validación. Los datos de estudio corresponden a la historia clínica de un paciente con diagnóstico de esclerosis múltiple desde 2003, quien ha padecido cinco episodios críticos. El modelo desarrollado permitió detectar los cambios de la inflación neurológica del paciente.
Identificación, referenciación y análisis de los vectores estratégicos del plan estratégico de ciencia, tecnología e innovación del Tolima
Authors: Aguilera Alvear Alexis A.
Published: March 2020

Como parte de las actividades metodológicas para la formulación del Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Tolima (PECTIT), se propone la realización de la referenciación internacional con el propósito de identificar los vectores estratégicos de Sistemas Regionales de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SRCTI) que han contribuido para un “buen u óptimo” desempeño del Sistema como parte del desarrollo socio-económico, productivo, ambiental y tecnológico de regiones extranjeras. El ejercicio mencionado involucró a cinco regiones, ubicadas en Brasil, Chile, Italia, México y España, seleccionadas debido a sus buenas actuaciones sociales, ambientales y económicas, que se han basado en la ciencia, la tecnología y las estrategias de innovación. La identificación de determinados vectores estratégicos apoyará RSTIS Tolima para priorizar estrategias y programas como componentes PECTIT, para ser ejecutado en el corto, mediano y largo plazo.
Comportamiento de la columna total de ozono obtenidos por el sensor EPTOMS de la NASA para la ciudad de Puno periodo 2005-2017
Authors: Taipe Huaman Ciro William , Huillca Arbieto Matias , Mendoza Mamani1 Eva Genoveva , Gallegos Ramos1 Julio Rumualdo
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se han analizado datos de la columna total deozono derivados de las mediciones realizadas por el Espectrómetro de Mapeo deOzono Total de la Sonda de la Tierra (Eptoms) de la Administración Nacionalde Aeronáutica y del Espacio (NASA), valorando su idoneidad para la prediccióndel índice ultravioleta (UV) para la ciudad de Puno (15.83 latitud Sur y 70.03longitud Oeste). Al realizarse un análisis por año mediante ajustes de funcionessenoidal, se observa que el desfasaje varía de un año a otro. Asimismo, duranteel periodo estudiado (2005-2017) se encontraron tres fechas en las cuales sepresentaron agujeros de ozono: el 5 de febrero de 2010 y el 29 de abril del 2016se presentaron valores de 218 unidades Dobson (UD); y el 17 de mayo de 2005se presentó el valor de 219 UD. El comportamiento de columna de ozono poraño ostenta una forma cíclica senoidal, como lo establece el ciclo estacional.
Análisis prospectivo del subsector minero de materiales de construcción en los municipios del norte del departamento del Cesar (Colombia)
Authors: Araujo Medina Luis Carlos , Cuello Ruiz Yolivis
Published: March 2020

El departamento del Cesar es uno de los principalesproductores de materiales de construcción en la costa norte colombiana; deallí la importancia de realizar un análisis referido a este particular mediantela planeación estratégica por escenarios —“Prospectiva Estratégica”—. Enesa línea, el uso de los softwares MICMAC y SMIC permitió identificar lasvariables estratégicas, así como simular los escenarios prospectivos a travésde la recopilación suministrada por las empresas mineras y el análisis dela información técnica y jurídica de la oficina de la autoridad minera yambiental; es importante destacar que los títulos mineros seleccionadoscumplen con lo contemplado en la Resolución 151 de 2018. Con base enlos resultados obtenidos se determinaron como variables estratégicas másinfluyentes la seguridad jurídica, la fiscalización minera y el cumplimientode los planes de manejo ambiental. Estas variables fueron evaluadas ycalificadas por un panel de expertos y, con la aplicación de la técnica de lamatriz de impactos cruzados, se obtuvieron cinco escenarios probables enuna proyección realizada al año 2035.
A Systematic Review on the Use of Technology in Learning Disabilities
Authors: DOGAN Sibel , DELİALİOĞLU Ömer
Published: March 2020

This paper is a systematic literature review of research studies on using technology to support individuals with Learning Disabilities (LD). The purpose is to determine (1) trends in the use of technology in LD, (2) the effects of technological tools on reading, writing and mathematics performances of students’ with LD and (3) LD students’ attitudes toward learning with technology. To provide a holistic view, a systematic literature review covering 56 articles were examined in detail. Results showed that the majority of articles were published in the United States of Amerika between 1995 and 2018. Also, most of these articles preferred multiple baseline designs and sampled elementary school students. Also, the review revealed essential skills that need improvement and the technological tools utilized to enhance these skills. Moreover, results showed that technological tools positively affect students’ performances and students’ attitudes toward implemented technology was generally positive.
Üretim Parametrelerinin Hidroksiapatit Tozlarının Özellikleri ve Kaplama Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ALBAYRAK Önder , İPEKOĞLU Mehmet , ALTINTAŞ Sabri
Published: March 2020

Biyomedikal uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan metal implantlar, çevre dokularla hızlı ve sağlıklı entegrasyonun sağlanması amacıyla, biyouyumluluğu yüksek malzemeler ile kaplanmaktadır. Kaplama malzemeleri arasında, yüksek biyouyumluluğa sahip olması ve kemiğin anorganik fazına büyük ölçüde benzer özellikler taşıması nedeniyle, hidroksiapatit özellikle tercih edilmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, kaplama amacıyla kullanılmak üzere asit-temelli sentez yöntemiyle nano boyutta hidroksiapatit (HA) tozları üretilmiş, elde edilen HA tozları elektroforetik depozisyon yöntemi ile Ti6Al4V metal ana yapı üzerine kaplanmıştır. HA sentezi aşamasında uygulanan reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve yaşlandırma süresi parametrelerinin üretilen tozların parçacık boyutu, toz morfolojisi ve ısıl kararlılığı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiş; kullanılan tozların özelliklerinin sinterleme aşaması öncesinde gerçekleştirilen kaplamalarda çatlak oluşumuna etkileri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda reaksiyon sıcaklığı ve yaşlandırma parametrelerinin, HA fazı oluşumu ve HA’nin yüksek sıcaklıktaki kararlılığı üzerinde belirgin bir etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. 1200 °C’de gerçekleştirilen sinterleme işleminin, 1000 °C’de gerçekleştirilen sinterleme işlemine kıyasla HA’nin ısıl dekompozisyonuna olumsuz bir etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiş, bu nedenle kaplama dayanımını arttırmak amacıyla sinterleme işleminin 1200 °C’de gerçekleştirilmesinin mümkün olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Üretilen HA tozlarının yaşlandırma süresinin artmasıyla, sinterleme öncesi çatlak oluşumunda belirgin bir azalma olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Identification and enumeration of microbial organisms in grey water in the Khayelitsha informal settlement, Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Leuta Qenehelo A. , Odendaal James P. , Paulse Arnelia N.
Published: March 2020

Grey water, as opposed to blackwater, is generally assumed to be a safer and more acceptable wastewater source that could be considered for reuse. This is mainly due to a common misconception that its microbial load is lower compared to that of blackwater (domestic sewage). This study aimed to determine the presence of microbial contaminants, specifically pathogens, in stagnant grey water in the RR Section in Khayelitsha, Western Cape. The most probable number (MPN) technique was conducted to determine faecal coliform (FC) and Escherichia coli (EC) counts in the samples. The API 20E and the RapID ONE systems were used to identify possible pathogenic Gram-negative microorganisms, while the isolated Gram-positive microorganisms were identified using the BBL Crystal Gram-Positive (GP) Identification (ID) system. The highest respective FC and EC counts observed during this period were recorded as 2.8 × 107 microorganisms/100 mL (Site F, week 5). The RapID ONE and the API 20 identification systems identified mostly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species and Enterobacter cloacae, amongst others, while the BBL Crystal-GP ID system identified mostly Corynebacterium and Bacillus species. The presence of these organisms raises health concerns for the community of RR Section.
Brain Drug Delivery: Overcoming the Blood-brain Barrier to Treat Tauopathies
Authors: Hanes Jozef , Dobakova Eva , Majerova Petra
Published: March 2020

Tauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the deposition of abnormal tau protein in
the brain. The application of potentially effective therapeutics for their successful treatment is hampered by the
presence of a naturally occurring brain protection layer called the blood-brain barrier (BBB). BBB represents one
of the biggest challenges in the development of therapeutics for central nervous system (CNS) disorders, where
sufficient BBB penetration is inevitable. BBB is a heavily restricting barrier regulating the movement of molecules,
ions, and cells between the blood and the CNS to secure proper neuronal function and protect the CNS
from dangerous substances and processes. Yet, these natural functions possessed by BBB represent a great hurdle
for brain drug delivery. This review is concentrated on summarizing the available methods and approaches for
effective therapeutics’ delivery through the BBB to treat neurodegenerative disorders with a focus on tauopathies.
It describes the traditional approaches but also new nanotechnology strategies emerging with advanced medical
techniques. Their limitations and benefits are discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Folic Acid Conjugated Gemcitabine Tethered Silver Nanoparticles (FA-GEM-AgNPs) for Targeted Delivery
Authors: Karuppaiah Arjunan , Rajan Ravikumar , Hariharan Sivaram , Balasubramaniam Dinesh K. , Gregory Marslin , Sankar Veintramuthu
Published: March 2020

Background:

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable interest in the medical industry
due to their physicochemical properties, small size, and surface plasmon behavior. Their smaller particle size and
instability in blood circulation leads to toxicity due to its aggregation as Ag+ ions and accumulation at the deepseated
organ. In the present study, we aimed at reducing the toxicity of AgNPs by conjugation with an anticancer
drug GEM and to improve their internalization through folate receptors-mediated endocytosis by capping the
nanoparticles with folic acid (FA).

Methods:

One-pot facile synthesis of FA capped silver nanoparticles (FA-AgNPs) has been achieved by using FA
as a reducing agent. FA-AgNPs were mixed with Gemcitabine (GEM) to obtain tethered FA-GEM-AgNPs.
Nanoparticles were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Transmission
Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Selected Area Electron Diffraction
(SAED), and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effect of the prepared nanoformulations. The
apoptotic cell death induced by FA-GEM-AgNPs in breast cancer cells were monitored with Acridine orange
(AO)/Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) staining.

Conclusion:

Compared to GEM and AgNPs, FA-GEM-AgNPs showed enhanced cytotoxic effect and internalization
in MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cell line. FA-GEM-AgNPs could be an ideal candidate for targeting cancer
cells via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Circulating MicroRNAs and Blood-Brain-Barrier Function in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Curtaz Carolin J. , Schmitt Constanze , Blecharz-Lang Kinga G. , Roewer Norbert , Wöckel Achim , Burek Malgorzata
Published: March 2020

Brain metastases are a major cause of death in breast cancer patients. A key event in the metastatic progression of breast cancer in the brain is the migration of cancer cells across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a natural barrier with specialized functions that protect the brain from harmful substances, including antitumor drugs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) sequestered by cells are mediators of cell-cell communication. EVs carry cellular components, including microRNAs that affect the cellular processes of target cells. Here, we summarize the knowledge about microRNAs known to play a significant role in breast cancer and/or in the BBB function. In addition, we describe previously established in vitro BBB models, which are a useful tool for studying molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of brain metastases.
Pathways Involved in Premature Ovarian Failure: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies
Authors: Pargianas Michail , Salta Styliani , Apostolopoulou Katerina , Lazaros Leandros , Kyrgiou Maria , Tinelli Andrea , Malvasi Antonio , Kalogiannidis Ioannis , Georgiou Ioannis , Kosmas Ioannis P.
Published: March 2020

Premature ovarian failure (POF), which may be undetectable for a long time, is associated with impaired
fertility. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of POF as well as the concomitant treatments are
still unclear. Although many data exist, mainly produced by the study of transgenic animals under various experimental
conditions, they remain fragmented. A systematic review of the pathways involved in premature ovarian
failure was conducted. Data extraction was performed from experimental studies until 2019. The molecular
processes and their correlation with the follicular developmental stage have been described. Furthermore, the
effects in other cells, such as oocytes, granulosa and theca cells have been reported. An overall estimation was
conducted.
A Comprehensive Review of Alzheimer’s Association with Related Proteins: Pathological Role and Therapeutic Significance
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Sharma Aditi , Sharma Lalit
Published: March 2020

:

Alzheimer’s is an insidious, progressive, chronic neurodegenerative disease which causes the devastation of neurons. Alzheimer's possesses complex pathologies of heterogeneous nature counting proteins as one major factor along with enzymes and mutated genes. Proteins such as amyloid precursor protein (APP), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), presenilin, mortalin, calbindin-D28K, creactive protein, heat shock proteins (HSPs), and prion protein are some of the chief elements in the foremost hypotheses of AD like amyloid-beta (Aβ) cascade hypothesis, tau hypothesis, cholinergic neuron damage, etc. Disturbed expression of these proteins results in synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and neuronal degradation. On the therapeutic ground, attempts of developing anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, anti-tau therapies are on peak, having APP and tau as putative targets. Some proteins, e.g., HSPs, which ameliorate oxidative stress, calpains, which help in regulating synaptic plasticity, and calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) with its neuroprotective role are few promising future targets for developing anti-AD therapies. On diagnostic grounds of AD C-reactive protein, pentraxins, collapsin response mediator protein-2, and growth-associated protein-43 represent the future of new possible biomarkers for diagnosing AD. The last few decades were concentrated over identifying and studying protein targets of AD. Here, we reviewed the physiological/pathological roles and therapeutic significance of nearly all the proteins associated with AD that addresses putative as well as probable targets for developing effective anti-AD therapies.
A Brief Review on Dual Target of PARP1 and STAT3 for Cancer Therapy: A Novel Perception
Authors: Lakshmanan Kaviarasan , Byran Gowramma , Mohammed Manal
Published: March 2020

Background:

Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Around the world, over 10 million cancer cases occur annually. Half of all men and one-third of all women will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime. It is one of the most feared diseases, primarily because half of those diagnosed with cancer die from it. There are several treatments available for cancer. Almost all traditional cytotoxic agents suffer from severe toxicities and other undesirable side effects.

Objective:

In recent years, the development of targeted medicines has made significant achievements. Unfortunately, though these agents can block key regulators of signaling pathways in cancer, multiple compensatory pathways always attenuate pharmacological effect of single-target drugs. In addition, poor response rates and acquired drug resistance also represent a significant barrier to widespread use of targeted medicines. More recently, a number of combinatorial therapies have expanded treatment options, which can directly block several key signaling pathways and create a synergistic effect.

Conclusion:

Therefore, in order to overcome these barriers, the present investigation aims to develop a new strategy for designing a single molecule with inhibition of two receptors (PARP1 and STAT3) simultaneously and producing enhanced anti-cancer activity with less and/or null toxicity.
Ustekinumab-induced Sarcoidosis in a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Kobak Senol , Semiz Huseyin
Published: March 2020

Background:

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that may affect
different joints. Sarcoidosis is a Th-1 cell-related chronic granulomatous disease characterized by
non-caseating granuloma formation. The coexistence of both the diseases is a rare entity. Ustekinumab,
an IL12 / 23 inhibitor, has shown efficacy and safety in the treatment of PsA.

Objective:

This study presents a case with ustekinumab-induced sarcoidosis in a patient with PsA.

Case Report:

A 52 years old female patient with complaints of pain and swelling of the wrists,
MCP, PIP and DIP joints and skin lesions was referred to our Rheumatology clinic. On her medical
history, she had been under follow up for 5 years with the diagnosis of psoriasis and one year ago, she
started to receive ustekinumab prescribed by a dermatologist. On physical examination, she had psoriasis
skin lesions and arthritis of both wrists, MCP, PIP, DIP joints. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathies
were detected in the chest X-ray and thorax computed tomography. In laboratory tests, acute phase reactants
and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels were high. Endobronchial ultrasonography
biopsy was performed and non-caseating granuloma consistent with sarcoidosis was reported. Ustekinumab
was discontinued, methotrexate and low-dose corticosteroid were started. The patient was clinically
stable in the 6th month of the treatment and the findings were regressed.

Conclusion:

Sarcoidosis development appears to be a new paradoxical effect of ustekinumab therapy,
being another biological agent.
IsoDetect: Detection of Splice Isoforms from Third Generation Long Reads Based on Short Feature Sequences
Authors: Li Hong-Dong , Zhang Wenjing , Luo Yuwen , Wang Jianxin
Published: March 2020

Background:

Transcriptome annotation is the basis for understanding gene structures and analysing gene expression. The transcriptome annotation of many organisms such as humans is far from incomplete, due partly to the challenge in the identification of isoforms that are produced from the same gene through alternative splicing. Third generation sequencing (TGS) reads provide unprecedented opportunity for detecting isoforms due to their long length that exceeds the length of most isoforms. One limitation of current TGS reads-based isoform detection methods is that they are exclusively based on sequence reads, without incorporating the sequence information of annotated isoforms.

Objective:

We aim to develop a method to detect isoforms by incorporating annotated isoforms.

Methods:

Based on annotated isoforms, we propose a splice isoform detection method called IsoDetect. First, the sequence at exon-exon junctions is extracted from annotated isoforms as “short feature sequences”, which is used to distinguish splice isoforms. Second, we align these feature sequences to long reads and partition long reads into groups that contain the same set of feature sequences, thereby avoiding the pair-wise comparison among the large number of long reads. Third, clustering and consensus generation are carried out based on sequence similarity. For the long reads that do not contain any short feature sequence, clustering analysis based on sequence similarity is performed to identify isoforms. Therefore, our method can detect not only known but also novel isoforms.

Result:

Tested on two datasets from Calypte anna and Zebra Finch, IsoDetect shows higher speed and good accuracies compared with four existing methods.

Conclusion:

IsoDetect may become a promising method for isoform detection.