bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations of electronic devices use and physical activity with headaches among the adult population in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Qashqari Hanin , Alansari Aesha , Alabdali Hadhyah , Aljabri Rana , Alsayegh Rzan , Alotaibi Reema , Alsayed Mayar , Alkhotani Alaa
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to address the research gaps by exploring the association between electronic device use, physical activity levels, and headache occurrence among adults.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted during the year 2024 in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, targeted adults aged 18 years and above of any nationality. Data collection utilized a self-reported online questionnaire that was distributed via social media, employing a simple random sampling technique.
Results: The study included 411 participants, predominantly females (69.8%), aged 18-39 years (74.9%), and mostly Saudi nationals (94.9%). Chronic diseases were reported by 24.3%, with obesity (10.9%) and hypertension (9.2%) being the most prevalent. Electronic device use was nearly universal (98.8%), with smartphones being the primary device (80.0%). Headache characteristics varied, with 30.7% experiencing headaches lasting 4-72 hours and 12.7% having more than five attacks monthly. Multivariate analysis highlighted gender (p-value < 0.001), exercise regularity (p-value = 0.009), and continuous device usage (p-value = 0.028) as significant predictors of headache duration.
Conclusion: The study revealed a significant prevalence of headaches, identifying gender, exercise regularity, and continuous electronic device usage as key predictors of headache duration. These findings highlight the importance of lifestyle factors in headache management and suggest targeted interventions to reduce headache burden in the population.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ РЕСУРСІВ У ВИКЛАДАННІ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ В ОНЛАЙН-ФОРМАТІ
Authors: Дімітрова Анастасія , Алєксєєва Ганна , Антоненко Олександр , Овсянніков Олександр , Матвійчук-Юдіна Олена
Published: December 2024

У статті досліджуються можливості використання інтерактивних ресурсів у викладанні англійської мови в онлайн-форматі. З огляду на стрімкий розвиток цифрових технологій та зростання потреби на дистанційне навчання, інтерактивні інструменти, такі як віртуальні дошки, навчальні платформи та онлайн-ігри, відіграють ключову роль у підвищенні ефективності навчального процесу і зацікавленості серед здобувачів освіти.
Автори, спираючись на власний досвід викладання в умовах діджиталізації освітнього процесу та гейміфікації основних елементів уроків, аналізують переваги та виклики інтеграції таких ресурсів. Зокрема, інтерактивні технології поліпшують увагу здобувачів освіти, сприяють розвитку комунікативних навичок та надають можливість персоналізації навчання. Вони допомагають створити навчальне середовище, яке активно залучає здобувачів освіти до процесу навчання, роблячи його більш привабливим і результативним.
The Capacity of Integrated Small-Scale Agricultural Production in Realization of Food Security in Rural Kenya: A Case of Suwerwa Location
Authors: Valentine Jepkemoi Kirui  , John Mwangi Kimingi
Published: December 2024

Extreme poverty and hunger in many parts of Kenya is a common phenomenon. In recent years, there has been a deteriorating food supply. In the year 2011, approximately 4 million people were facing severe hunger and starvation. This has been attributed to multiple factors: poor traditional agricultural practices, over-reliance on maize and maize products as the major source of food, crop failure occasioned by erratic rainfall patterns, runaway food prices occasioned by a rise in global food price, poor logistics in the distribution of food to needy people and the influx of refugees from war-torn neighboring countries. Another factor that has contributed to food shortage is diminishing land sizes due to an increase in population. What used to be huge arable land suitable for large-scale commercial agriculture has been fragmented, making large-scale farming untenable. This has led to diminishing returns in food production and its attendant consequences. With dwindling agricultural output, household incomes have also been made worse, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study, therefore, examines the capacity of integrated agricultural production in the realization of food security in rural Kenya. The research was a case study of Suwerwa Location. The research instruments that were used included questionnaires, interview schedules and focus group discussions. The researcher used purposive and simple random sampling to generate a sample size of 200 respondents. The research used both descriptive and analytical methods of data analysis. This study found out that integrated small-scale agricultural production, as is practised in the Suwerwa location, has not ensured food self-sufficiency for all because of the numerous challenges that farmers face, ranging from financial and technical to those posed by weather. The study concluded that it is important to re-orient farming practices and adopt integrated farming systems on tiny land holdings. At the same time, farmers must be taught new ways of integrating farm activities. In addition, they must move away from rain-fed agriculture to irrigation so that they can grow food throughout the year and be provided with credit facilities and extension services. The study findings benefit policy-makers at the planning level because they inform them of the farming trends and food situation and reflect the country's capacity to attain food sufficiency through integrated small-scale agricultural production.
Caracterização das atividades de escrita em manuais de Português Língua Estrangeira

Authors: Guerra Joaquim
Published: December 2024

Though textbooks are the most used tool in the language classroom, there is little research regarding textbooks of Portuguese as a foreign language, particularly regarding writing skills. Following research trends, the initial exploratory study started with methodology (descriptive and content analysis). It continued with a content analysis of the author and coordinator introductions to the texts. Finally, results are presented to try to understand how elementary level Portuguese as a foreign language textbooks promote teaching writing to young adults. Writing activities from six books (A1 and A2 competence level) have been classified and analyzed. Results show that writing competence is undervalued and framed in behavioral and audio-oral methodologies. This shows there is a certain resistance to adapting them to current theoretical and methodological frames of teaching and learning a foreign language.
Alfonso Reyes lee a Azorín

Authors: Estévez Regidor Francisco
Published: December 2024

This article presents an analysis of the readings initiated by Alfonso Reyes collected just one hundred years ago in Los dos caminos (1923) and focused on the figure of Azorín. The hermeneutics proposed by Alfonso Reyes of the readings of the Spanish 20 th century writers (Azorín, José Ortega y Gasset, Ramón del Valle-Inclán, Juan Ramón Jiménez and Mariano de Cavia) in that volume offers a synthesis that can be considered essential in Hispanic poetics that emerged in modernity, and a key reading of literature in Spanish. Reyes’ interpretation, by integrating critical historicism and its traditions into the commentary on the text, are exemplary by paralleling the criticism of Azorín with its own poetic and existential coordinates. This article discusses the exemplifications that show the detailed analysis of one of the most recognized and important theorists and critics of our modernity in Spanish: Alfonso Reyes.
The development of sunflower maternal lines resistant to the most virulent broomrape races F and G
Authors:   Don Experimental Station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Burlyaeva E.G. , Zhitnik N.A. ,   Don Experimental Station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Luchkin N.S. ,   Don Experimental Station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Kolesnikovich A.A. ,   Don Experimental Station – a branch of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research is to obtain maternal lines resistant to broomrape (Orobanche сumana Wallr.). The works were carried out in 2012–2023 on breeding fields of the Don Experimental Station, a branch of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, according to the methods of conducting field experiments with oil crops. Varieties and hybrids of both domestic and foreign breeding resistant to this parasite plant were the initial material for lines development. In summer, hybridization was conducted in fields, on a plot infected with broomrape seeds, and in the autumn-winter period in a greenhouse. As a result, nine maternal lines were developed; they were resistant to highly virulent broomrape races (F and G) and characterized with good economically valuable traits. Experimental hybrid combinations obtained with these lines are also resistant to the broomrape. Therefore, the lines can be used in breeding work to produce hybrids resistant to the parasite.
Analysis of genetic diversity of oil flax cultivars bred at V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops using molecular-genetic markers
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Guchetl S.Z. , Chelyustnikova T.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Istomina A.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Alieva E.I. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Zolotavina M.L. ,   Kuban State University
Published: December 2024

Oil flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important technical crops. The success of the breeding work is reached mostly by the genetic diversity of used initial germplasm. The molecular-genetic markers determine this diversity. Five cultivars of oil flax: Danik, Snegurok, Nilin, Y 117, and August, bred at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops were used as research material. To estimate genetic structure of cultivars we used 40 plants of each cultivar. Ten microsatellite loci markers were used for analysis. The amplification was conducted in a termocycler MiniAmp (Thermo Scientific, USA). The electrophoretic segregation of amplicons was carried out in 8% polyacrilamide gel in the native conditions. The primary indicators of genetic varia-tion (a number of alleles per a locus (Na), an effective number of alleles (Ne), observed (Ho) and wanted (He) heterozigosity, an informative Shennon’s index (I), fixation index (F), percentage of polymorphic loci (%P), genetic distances (D) were determined, analysis of molecular variation and principle coordinate analysis were done. The indicators of intraspecific genetic diversity decreased in the direction of cultivar range Nilin, Danik, August, Y 117, and Snegurok. Snegurok is a cultivar of linear type with some number of non-typical plants. The cultivar Y 117 is divided into two main biotype. Nilin, Danik, and August do not possess clear-marked structure. Most of the total variation is conditioned by differences between cultivars. The genetic distances between cultivars are quite big and equal from 0.752 to 0.986. All cultivars are distant from each other by two main coordinates. The conducted research showed small intravarietal and signif-icant intervarietal genetic diversity of five oil flax cultivars bred at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Re-search Institute of Oil Crops and their potential in as initial material for breeding of new cultivars.
Improving the training of fire fighters and rescue rescuers based on the
development and implementation of an electronic information and educational
environment
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research
            Institute for Civil Defense and Emergencies of the EMERCOM of Russia (Federal Science
            and High Technology Center), Bedilo Maxim Vladimirovich , Shnypko Vitaliy Sergeevich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Khabibulin Renat Shamil'yevich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Shikhalev Denis Vladimirovich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia, Mineev Evgeniy Nikolaevich ,   Academy of State Fire
            Service of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. High-quality training of firefighters and rescuers is one of the
fundamental elements in ensuring public safety. Due to constantly changing conditions
and requirements for ensuring public safety, the relevance of improving the training
process is becoming increasingly important. The article discusses the problem of
training firefighters and rescuers, as well as ways to solve it based on the development
and implementation of an electronic information and educational environment. Research
objective. Development of an electronic information and educational environment for
organizing and conducting training for personnel of fire departments of the Ministry of
Emergency Situations of Russia. Methods. To achieve this task, an analysis of existing
publications on this research topic and modern software was carried out, as well as an
analysis of statistics on the use of the developed software. Results and discussion. As
a result of the study, it was revealed that the development and implementation of an
electronic information and educational environment is a promising and urgent task for
improving the training of personnel of fire departments of the Ministry of Emergency
Situations of Russia. Special software can provide access to interactive educational and
scientific materials and other teaching methods, which will help improve the efficiency
and quality of training of fire department personnel of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions.
The development and implementation of an electronic information and educational
environment is an important step in improving the training of firefighters and rescuers.
The use of special software makes it possible to effectively use modern technologies and
training methods to develop professional skills and improve the quality of training of
specialists of EMERCOM of Russia. As a result of training using an electronic
information and educational environment, firefighters and rescuers will have the
opportunity to gain theoretical knowledge on fire safety issues, as well as practice in
solving a variety of scenarios and situations that may arise in real life. Key words:
training of firefighters and rescuers; electronic information and educational
environment; software; education; personnel; EMERCOM of Russia; Academy of State Fire
Service.
Standardization of the Content of Undergraduate Biostatistics Education in Medical Faculties – Two Panel Delphi Study
Authors: Yüksel Selcen , Demir Pervin , Alkan Afra
Published: December 2024

Aim: The first thing that comes to mind when considering standardization in education is curricula development. All graduates will have similar basic clinical skills if medical schools have standardized curricula. In this context, Delphi methodology is a useful way to set standards for biostatistics education in medical schools. Biostatistics education in medical schools should enable students to think analytically about their medical education. This course should be presented to students with different content for each education year. In this regard, universities providing biostatistics education with similar contents will enable students who graduated from medical school to have similar ability to think analytically and do research. This paper focused on expert feedback on course names, course contents, teaching methods, study plans, course duration, and grade level of the courses to standardize the content of undergraduate biostatistics education in medical faculties.
Methods: A Delphi technique was used. Conducted through two online panels utilizing the Delphi method across three rounds, the study sought expert feedback on various aspects, including course names, contents, teaching methods, study plans, course duration, and grade levels. In the initial panel, issues lacking consensus were deliberated in subsequent rounds with the second panel, leading to conclusive outcomes. The questionnaire for the online panels was meticulously crafted by aligning with the titles and contents of courses offered by medical faculties.
Results: After three rounds, the second panel reached a consensus on 25-course titles. There was a consensus on study plans and grade levels for all courses except for two study plans and one course grade level. Theoretical and applied course durations were defined. It has been determined that Biostatistics course titles should be distributed to 1-3 and 5th grades in the medical faculty from basic to advanced topics.
Conclusions: Biostatistics education should be given as introductory subjects in the first year of medical school, basic statistics in the third year, and advanced statistics in the fifth year. Focusing on the content of the Biostatistics course offered, this study provides a comprehensive framework for the biostatistics curriculum. We believe this content will contribute to developing the core curriculum in biostatistics.
Интертекстуальность художественного дискурса как реализация культурно-интеграционных процессов
Authors: Смирнова А.И.
Published: December 2024

В статье определяется функциональное значение интертекстуальности как литературного приема, анализируются различные типы взаимодействия текстов. Рассматриваются произведения русских прозаиков, принадлежащие к различным направлениям современной литературы. В ходе анализа текстов выявляются разные формы интертекстуальности: паратекстуальность («Последняя пастораль» Адамовича), соприсутствие нескольких текстов в одном («Печальный детектив» Астафьева, «Голова Гоголя» Королева).

The article reveals the functional significance of intertextuality as a literary device, analizes various types of texts’ interrelations. The selection of works of Russian prosewriters was due to them belonging to different literary trends in contemporary literature. The analysis prompted identification of various forms of intertextuality: paratextuality (Last Pastorale by Adamovich), «co-presence» of several texts in one (Sad Detective by Astafyev, Gogol’s Head by Korolyov)
Эссеистика Шарля Пеги в свете прагматики текста
Authors: Тимашева O.В. , Тищенко М.В.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена рассмотрению прагматики текста литературно-художественного эссе. Анализируется сила воздействия текста на читателя, имеющего свое понимание, видение, осмысление, свой кругозор. Доказывается антропоцентризм и многозначность жанра эссе.

The article considers text pragmatics of a literary essay. It analizes the «force impact» on the reader, who refers to his personal understanding, vision, reflection, his scope. Anthropocentrism and polysemy of the essay genre are being also proved.
Особенности и функции паузации в тексте пьес британского театра абсурда
Authors: Томская Н.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается паузация как фоностилистическое явление, свойственное тексту пьес британского театра абсурда. В силу родовых особенностей драмы в драматургическом тексте отмечаются разные способы фиксации функционально различных пауз, начиная от грамматической паузы и заканчивая длительной паузой — молчанием.

The article considers pausation as a phonostylistic phenomenon in the texts of the plays of the British theater of the absurd. Due to generic features of drama there are different ways of fixation of functionally different pauses in the dramatic text, ranging from a grammatical pause to a long «silence» pause.
Multiphasic size-dependent growth dynamics of nanoparticle ensembles
Authors: Kim Ji-Hyun , Kim Joodeok , Kim Byung Hyo , Song Sanggeun , Chun Hoje , Choi Hyesung , Cho Hyeongjin , Kim Yongjoon , Jung Jae Won , Sohn Youngju , Jeong Junhyeok , Park Kunwoo , Rhee Jinho , Jeon Sungho , Kang Jingyu , Lee Minho , Han Byungchan , Lee Won Chul , Hyeon Taeghwan , Sung Jaeyoung , Park Jungwon
Published: December 2024

Colloidal nanoparticles are of great interest in modern science and industry. However, thermodynamic mechanism and dynamics of nanoparticle growth have yet to be understood. Addressing these issues, we tracked hundreds of in-situ growth trajectories of a nanoparticle ensemble using liquid-phase TEM and discovered that the nanoparticle growth, including coalescence, exhibits nanoparticle size-dependent multiphasic dynamics, unexplainable by current theories. Motivated by this finding, we developed a new model and theory for an ensemble of growing nanoparticles, providing a unified, quantitative understanding of the time-dependent mean and fluctuation of nanoparticle size and size-dependent growth rate profiles across various nanoparticle systems and experimental conditions. Our work reveals that the chemical potential in a small nanoparticle strongly deviates from the Gibbs-Thomson equation, shedding light on how it governs the size-dependent growth dynamics of nanoparticles.
Suspended water at/near room temperature and new physical state of systematically isolated ions and molecular clusters with high electrical mobility
Authors: Zhongzheng Miao
Published: December 2024

The macroscopic levitation and zero-resistance characteristics exhibited by superconductivity are truly impressive. However, achieving and manipulating levitation at the microscopic level poses significant challenges, including the non-ideal behavior of microscopic particles, maintaining long-term stability, and precise control of particle motion. This paper introduces an innovative strategy that utilizes the spontaneous electrostatic equilibrium established between ionic charges and polar molecules in solution within confined spaces to create a stable microscopic levitation state over a broad temperature range. This novel state of matter transcends traditional classifications of solid, liquid, and gas, with a density between that of a solid and a gas, and exhibits unique structural features. Through the combination of molecular dynamics simulations and first-principles calculations, we have discovered, for the first time, a levitated water form with a density nearly a thousand times that of water vapor, existing in a suspended state with charged ions at room or near-room temperatures. In this unique state of matter, chloride ions achieve an electrical mobility equivalent to that of hydrogen ions and higher than that of hydroxyl ions due to the unique structure of levitated water. As the temperature further decreases, water molecules arrange orderly into chain-like networks, forming porous, atomically precise charged ice structures. We have also identified levitated clusters with a density over a hundred times that of water vapor and about one-ninth that of a solid. Compared to the aforementioned levitated water, these clusters have a lower density and an increased ion ratio, transforming levitated water into a system composed of isolated ions and molecular clusters. These clusters, in the form of several water molecules combined with charged ions or individual ions, levitate independently in space, filling the confined space with a spacing much larger than that of a solid lattice. Even at temperatures below the freezing point of water, this new state of matter remains unfrozen and retains high electrical mobility similar to hydrogen ions. Furthermore, this paper elucidates the principles of preparing charged solutions and pure single-ion charged solutions, as well as the design of related instrumental systems. Finally, we discuss the observability of microscopic levitation states and their potential applications. In summary, microscopic levitation states offer a promising yet challenging research frontier. By developing novel levitation mechanisms and control techniques, this paper achieves more precise and stable levitation of microscopic particles, explores new physical phenomena and laws, and provides fresh insights and methodologies for scientific research and technological innovation, potentially revealing more mysteries of the material world.
Photoinduced electron transfer across phospholipid bilayers in anaerobic and aerobic atmospheres
Authors: Sinambela Novitasari , Jacobi Richard , Sorsche Dieter , Gonzalez Leticia , Pannwitz Andrea
Published: December 2024

In natural photosynthesis, light-driven electron transfer across the thylakoid membrane enables efficient charge separation and the confinement of reaction spaces for generating NADPH and CO2 and oxidation of water. These reactions are complementary redox reactions and require different reaction conditions for optimal performance. However, current artificial photosynthesis studies only take place in the bulk and are sensitive towards oxygen and air, which limits their applicability under aerated and water-splitting conditions. Herein, we report light-driven electron transfer across a lipid bilayer membrane of liposome vesicles via a rigid oligoaromatic molecular wire that allows to electronically connect an oxidation and reduction reaction which are spatially separated by the membrane. The molecular wire has a simple, symmetric, easy-to-synthesize design based on benzothiadiazole and fluorene units and absorbs in the visible spectrum which makes it suitable for solar energy conversion. The model reactions in this study are light-driven NADH oxidation on one side of the membrane and light-driven reduction of an organic water-soluble dye in the bulk phase of liposomes. Additionally, the system is active in both aerobic and anaerobic atmospheres, rendering it ideal for aerobic conditions or reactions that produce oxygen such as solar-driven water splitting and artificial photosynthesis applications.
Molecular All-Mortise-and-Tenon Frameworks towards Luban Lock
Authors: Fan Xi , Wu Yifan , Xiang Shengchang , Zhang Zhangjing , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2024

Stacking interactions between molecules are central to the field of crystalline molecular materials. To precisely investigate the impact of structural variations on their properties, the most rational approach involves controlling the stacking of molecules with diverse substituents in an identical geometric configuration. However, this idealized scenario encounters formidable obstacles in practical synthesis. Thus, a central question revolves around the feasibility of discovering novel non-covalent or non-coordinated interactions that possess fixed connection modes, maintaining the directional assembly of molecules into identical geometric configurations. Inspired by the traditional wooden mortise and tenon structure, which combines the features of directional precision allowing for intricate wooden pieces to intertwine seamlessly and forming connections that endure rigorous use, we report the first series of crystalline and stable molecular frameworks entirely constructed by mortise-and-tenon joints (MTF-1, MTF-2, and MTF-3). Despite functional group diversity, the supramolecular assembly of MTFs remains unchanged, demonstrating their robust capability for directed assembly. A surprising revelation emerged: the ethyl groups imparted a more intricate and intriguing mortise-and-tenon joint to MTF-3. Since the ethyl groups are not coplanar with the benzene groups, they effectively introduce additional "tenons" to MTF-3. Consequently, the ethyl groups on type II mortise-and-tenon joints act as "locking pins", preventing the easy disengagement of type I mortise-and-tenon joints. This intricate structure endows MTF-3 with a fascinating Luban lock-like construction and exceptional mechanical stiffness. Additionally, ethyl groups in MTF-3 enhance intermolecular interactions, facilitating the separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers. Ultimately, MTF-3 demonstrates superior photocatalytic H2O2 activity compared to its counterpart, MTF-2 and MTF-1. This groundbreaking discovery pioneers the molecular all mortise-and-tenon frameworks, vastly enriching the crystalline molecular material portfolio.
N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) promotes the nuclear retention of mRNAs with intact 5′ splice site motifs
Authors: Lee Eliza S , Smith Harrison W , Wang Yifan E , Ihn Sean SJ , Scalize de Oliveira Leticia , Kejiou Nevraj S , Liang Yijing L , Nabeel-Shah Syed , Jomphe Robert Y , Pu Shuye , Greenblatt Jack F , Palazzo Alexander F
Published: December 2024

In humans, misprocessed mRNAs containing intact 5′ Splice Site (5′SS) motifs are nuclear retained and targeted for decay by ZFC3H1, a component of the Poly(A) Exosome Targeting complex, and U1-70K, a component of the U1 snRNP. InS. pombe, the ZFC3H1 homolog, Red1, binds to the YTH domain–containing protein Mmi1 and targets certain RNA transcripts to nuclear foci for nuclear retention and decay. Here we show that YTHDC1 and YTHDC2, two YTH domain-containing proteins that bind toN-6-methyladenosine (m6A) modified RNAs, interact with ZFC3H1 and U1-70K, and are required for the nuclear retention of mRNAs with intact 5′SS motifs. Disruption of m6A deposition inhibits both the nuclear retention of these transcripts and their accumulation in YTHDC1-enriched foci that are adjacent to nuclear speckles. Endogenous RNAs with intact 5′SS motifs, such as intronic poly-adenylated transcripts, tend to be m6A-modified at low levels. Thus, the m6A modification acts on a conserved quality control mechanism that targets misprocessed mRNAs for nuclear retention and decay.
Peran Guru Kelas dan Orangtua dalam Mencegah Cyberbullying di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Jerusalem Mohammad Afif , Hidayati Dian
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian ada di salah satu SD swasta di Kota Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk dapat mengetahui Peran Guru Kelas dan Orangtua dalam pencegahan Cyberbullying di sekolah dasar. Cyberbullying di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar telah menjadi isu yang semakin meresahkan, memerlukan perhatian serius untuk pencegahan dan penanganan yang efektif. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran penting guru kelas dan orang tua dalam upaya pencegahan cyberbullying di lingkungan sekolah dasar. Guru kelas memegang peran sentral dalam memberikan edukasi kepada siswa mengenai perilaku online yang sehat, etika digital, serta dampak negatif dari cyberbullying. Mereka juga berperan sebagai pengawas aktif di lingkungan sekolah, mengidentifikasi tanda-tanda potensial cyberbullying, dan memberikan sanksi yang sesuai. Di sisi lain, orang tua memiliki tanggung jawab untuk memantau aktivitas online anak-anak, menggunakan alat kontrol parental, dan terlibat langsung dalam kehidupan digital mereka. Dengan membuka saluran komunikasi yang terbuka, orangtua dapat menciptakan lingkungan di mana anak-anak merasa nyaman berbicara tentang pengalaman online mereka. Kerjasama erat antara guru kelas dan orangtua, dengan fokus pada pendidikan, pengawasan, dan dukungan, dianggap sebagai kunci utama dalam menciptakan lingkungan sekolah dasar yang aman dari ancaman cyberbullying. Studi ini bertujuan memberikan pandangan holistik terhadap peran keduanya dan mendukung implementasi strategi pencegahan yang berkelanjutan di tingkat sekolah dasar
Father-Hunger: Dampak Fatherless Pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal Dalam Aspek Hubungan Romantis
Authors: Wahyudi Sandra , Nurbayani Siti , Alia Abdullah Mirna Nur
Published: December 2024

Individuals who are fatherless feel the loss of the important role of a father as a provider in the family, protector of the family, educator for the children, and companion to a mother. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of the loss of the father’s role on women in their emerging adulthood in terms of romantic relationships. The research method used is qualitative with a case study research design. Data collection techniques use in-depth interviews, literature study, observation, and documentation. The data analysis carried out included the stages of data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The result of this research shows that: the informants have trust issue towards men; selective in choosing partners; and are traumatized by abusive men. Apart from that, the condition of being fatherless also influences them in determining their ideal partner figure in order to fulfill the emptiness they feel due to the absence of a father figure in their life.
Komparasi Pernikahan Bangsawan Suku Sasak dan Bangsawan Hindu di Kecamatan Batulayar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Putra Lalu Aji Sanjaya , . Jamaluddin , Zaelani Kamaruddin
Published: December 2024

Marriage in various cultures in Indonesia serves as a bond between families and a medium for passing on traditions, norms, and socio-cultural identity. This study aims to examine the comparative marriage practices of Sasak aristocrats and Hindu aristocrats in Batulayar Sub-district, West Lombok Regency. It focuses on the similarities, differences, and changes resulting from modernisation. Using a qualitative approach and a comparative study design, this research analyzes the traditional marriage practices of both groups and the impact of modernisation on their rituals. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and direct observation, with thematic analysis employed for interpretation. The findings reveal that Sasak noble weddings place greater emphasis on local traditions and Islamic beliefs, aiming to strengthen extended family and community ties. In contrast, Hindu noble marriages are rich with spiritual symbolism, where the primary goal is the attainment of moksha. Both wedding traditions highlight family values and community involvement, with parental blessings and negotiations being integral to the ceremony. However, differences arise in ritual execution, with Hindu aristocratic marriages involving more extensive and complex religious ceremonies. Modernisation has significantly influenced marriage practices in both groups. Some families have begun to incorporate modern elements into their wedding ceremonies, while many continue to strive to preserve their cultural identity. This research also underscores the importance of education and intercultural dialogue in maintaining diversity and fostering social cohesion.:Marriage, nobility, Sasak ethnic, Hindu nobility, ritual, culture, pluralism.
AI IN EDUCATION: PERSONALIZED LEARNING PATHWAYS USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Authors: Teja Reddy Gatla
Published: December 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has revolutionized the way personalized learning pathways are developed, offering tailored educational experiences that cater to individual student needs. This paper explores the application of machine learning algorithms to create adaptive learning systems that assess students’ unique strengths, weaknesses, and learning styles. By analyzing vast amounts of educational data, these algorithms can predict student performance, recommend customized learning materials, and adjust instructional strategies in real time. We present a comprehensive review of existing literature on personalized learning, highlighting the benefits and challenges associated with AI-driven educational tools. Case studies demonstrate successful implementations of machine learning in various educational contexts, showcasing improvements in student engagement, retention rates, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the paper discusses ethical considerations, data privacy concerns, and the importance of human oversight in the deployment of AI systems in education. Ultimately, our findings suggest that machine learning has the potential to significantly enhance the effectiveness of educational practices, paving the way for a more personalized and inclusive learning environment.
OPTIMIZING SUPPLY CHAIN EFFICIENCY THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING-DRIVEN PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
Authors: Teja Reddy Gatla  , Sasikanth Reddy Mandati
Published: December 2024

The complexities of modern supply chains present significant challenges in maintaining efficiency, reducing operational costs, and adapting to market fluctuations. Traditional supply chain management approaches often struggle to anticipate disruptions and align with dynamic demand patterns, leading to costly inefficiencies and suboptimal decision-making. This paper explores the integration of machine learning-driven predictive analytics as a transformative solution for optimizing supply chain efficiency. By leveraging diverse data sources—such as historical demand, real-time inventory levels, transportation data, and external factors like weather or economic indicators—machine learning models can uncover patterns, forecast demand, and streamline inventory management. Key methodologies examined include time series forecasting, classification algorithms for demand and supply adjustments, and clustering techniques to identify optimal stock levels and transportation routes. The research further evaluates model performance using accuracy, mean absolute error, and precision metrics to determine the effectiveness of different predictive models in real-world applications. Through case studies in manufacturing and retail supply chains, we demonstrate how predictive analytics can improve inventory management, reduce lead times, and increase resilience against supply chain disruptions. This study provides insights into the practical implementation of machine learning in supply chain systems, outlines challenges related to data quality and model interpretability, and suggests directions for future research, emphasizing the potential of predictive analytics to drive cost-efficiency and responsiveness in global supply networks.
Highway Foreign Body Intrusion Detection System Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Zihang , Wang Xudong , Wang Shaolong , Du Zhen , Pan Xudong
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces the expressway intrusion detection system based on deep learning to improve traffic safety. The system adopts deep learning, image recognition, and foreign body detection technology to monitor the road condition in real-time through lidar and binocular camera groups to detect and distance the foreign body on the road. The system visualizes the detection results on the onboard screen to assist the driver to avoid and improve the safety of highway driving. In addition, the system also includes emergency braking, blind spot monitoring, lane departure warning, and other functions. The system has wide application prospects and development potential and is expected to be widely used in the future, providing a strong guarantee for the safe operation of expressways in China.
Research on Electronic Forensics Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Hu Shanshan
Published: December 2024

The development of high technology, for public life to provide a justification at the same time, also encouraged the spirit of cybercrime, to become more and more rampant. In network crime, electronic data is usually used as the main evidence to determine the facts of the crime and plays an important role in the smooth trial of the case. But because electronic data on dependent, concealment, easy destructive strong science and technology, the forensics work is now in trouble. The mature use of blockchain technology can avoid existing problems to a certain extent, which is helpful to the smooth progress of electronic forensics. This paper on electronic evidence how to more effectively, combined with research blockchain technology, improve the efficiency of electronic evidence collection work.
Study on Preparation of Cathode Material of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery by Self-Craning Thermal Method
Authors: Pan Maosen , Ge Yali , Lin Bo-hao
Published: December 2024

The cathode material of carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4/C) lithium-ion battery was synthesized by a self-winding thermal method. The material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/C materials were measured by the constant current charge-discharge method and cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the LiFePO4/C material prepared by the self-propagating heat method has a typical olivine crystal structure, and the product had fine grains and good electrochemical properties. The optimal sintering temperature is 700 ℃, the sintering time is 24 h, the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate material is about 300 nm, and the maximum discharge capacity is 121 mAh/g at 0.1 C rate.
The Auxiliary Role of Large Language Models in Clinical Dialogues
Authors: Luo Haipeng , Zhang Yuchu
Published: December 2024

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in natural language processing (NLP). These models not only perform well in a variety of language tasks but also show great potential in the medical field. This paper aims to explore the application of LLMs in clinical dialogues, analyzing their role in improving the efficiency of doctor-patient communication, aiding in diagnosis and treatment, and providing emotional support. The paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the model in terms of privacy protection, ethical issues, and practical applications. Through comprehensive analysis, we conclude that applying LLMs in clinical dialogues is promising. However, it requires careful consideration and caution by practitioners in practice.
Editorial
Authors: Monti Ednardo Monteiro Gonzaga do
Published: December 2024

É com grande entusiasmo que apresentamos a nova edição da Revista Caminhos da Educação: diálogos, culturas e diversidades, um periódico acadêmico vinculado à Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), em parceria com o Núcleo de Pesquisa Educação, História e Ensino de Música (NEHEMus) e o grupo Eleko da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). Este volume reafirma nossa missão de fomentar diálogos interdisciplinares no campo da educação, valorizando a diversidade de saberes, práticas e epistemologias.
A edição atual destaca o dossiê temático Bandas de Música: Educação, Cultura e Transformação Social, coordenado por pesquisadores renomados da área. Este trabalho propõe reflexões sobre o impacto das bandas de música na educação e na sociedade, explorando temas como gênero, pedagogia inclusiva e metodologias inovadoras. A coletânea de artigos ilustra como essas práticas musicais representam tanto uma herança cultural quanto um espaço para transformação e inclusão.
Além do dossiê, a revista segue em fluxo contínuo, publicando estudos relevantes que ampliam as discussões sobre inclusão educacional, gênero, tecnologias no ensino e práticas pedagógicas. Esses textos evidenciam os desafios e as potencialidades das práticas educacionais na contemporaneidade, reafirmando nosso compromisso com a pluralidade e a justiça social.
Agradecemos aos autores, avaliadores e colaboradores que contribuíram para a construção desta edição. Que as discussões aqui apresentadas inspirem novas práticas e debates na busca por uma educação mais equitativa, inclusiva e transformadora.
Boa leitura!
Situation analysis of sugar‑sweetened beverages taxation in Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors:   World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Abbass Marwa M. S. , Perucic Anne-Marie , Ibrahim Eman T. , Al-Jawaldeh Ayoub
Published: December 2024

Background: Significant attention is being given to the role of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the increasing rates of obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR).
Aim: To document the different approaches being used by EMR countries in implementing the sugar-sweetened beverages taxation.
Methods: This study used data on indirect taxes levied on SSBs by the 22 EMR countries and territories collected by WHO between July 2022 and June 2023. For comparison between countries, all applicable taxes were converted to a percentage of the tax-inclusive retail prices and standardized.
Results: Eleven EMR countries imposed the national excise tax on carbonated SSBs and 10 imposed excise tax on at least one type of beverage other than carbonated SSBs. Ad valorem excise taxes were the most-used type for carbonated SSBs, with 10 of the 11 countries applying them. Morocco applied volume-based specific excise taxes with different rates depending on the sugar content. Excise tax represented the highest tax proportion (31.7%) in Oman and United Arab Emirates, while total tax represented the highest proportion (42.0%) of the retail price in Saudi Arabia and 36.5% in Oman and United Arab Emirates.
Conclusion: Only half of the EMR countries are currently implementing SSBs taxation, and the imposed tax is less than 20% in half of these countries. All EMR countries should start implementing SSBs taxation as part of their national disease control policy frameworks to help reverse the increasing trend of obesity and other diet-related noncommunicable diseases in the region.
Cross-sectional analysis of soft drinks consumption patterns post taxation in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzaben Abeer S. , Alabdulkader Shahd , Bawazeer Nahla , Aboul-Enein Basil H. , Dodge Elizabeth , Bernstein Joshua , Benajiba Nada , Almoayad Fatmah
Published: December 2024

Background: Sweetened soft drinks consumption contributes to the increasing prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. In 2017, Saudi Arabia began imposing tax on sugar-sweetened drinks to combat obesity. Aim: To investigate the determinants of soft drinks consumption patterns among adults in Saudi Arabia 5 years after consumer tax implementation.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1935 adults in Saudi Arabia, aged 20–60 years, predominantly female (80.4%). Data were collected using an online questionnaire that focused on the sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics and consumption patterns of participants, as well as their attitudes towards soft drink consumption. Spearman’s correlation and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the factors influencing soft drink consumption. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: A significant majority of the participants (82.9%, n = 1605) reported consuming sweetened soft drinks 1–3 times per month. Habitual consumption was the most cited reason (27.1%), followed by consumption at social gatherings (12.9%) and while eating at restaurants (12.4%). Advertising was the least (7.1%) consumption influencing factor. Correlation analysis revealed that availability (0.358, P < 0.05), social gatherings (0.357, P < 0.05) and affordability (0.336, P < 0.05) were significantly associated with consumption frequency.
Conclusion: Despite increased taxes on soft drinks in Saudi Arabia, consumption remains largely habitual among adults. The minimal impact of advertising and normalized price perceptions suggest that alternative strategies are required to effectively reduce soft drink consumption among this population.
Evaluating ESG performance: The influence of firm size and gender diversity
Authors: Gómez Martínez Raúl , Medrano-Garcia Maria Luisa , Amo Navas Daniel
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between firm size and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores, with a focus on the growing importance of sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Drawing on data from 4,525 U.S. companies, an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis reveals a significant positive association between firm size and ESG performance, suggesting that larger firms are better positioned to allocate resources toward sustainability initiatives. Furthermore, the findings indicate that board gender diversity has a positive impact on ESG scores, underscoring the importance of diverse perspectives in corporate governance. The results highlight the need for standardized ESG reporting and provide insights into how firm characteristics shape sustainability outcomes. This research offers practical guidance for corporate leaders and policymakers seeking to advance sustainability practices across organizations.