bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public-private partnership in the field of waste management, not related to municipal solid waste
Authors: Naumov Vladimir , Radchenko Elena , Sedikh Vladimir , Vdovina Alina
Published: February 2022

The paper discusses the need to preserve the environment, taking into account the relationship between wastewater and soil-forming processes. It is shown that the use of new technologies helps to reduce the spending of budgetary funds on environmental protection. Yale University annually analyses the state of the ecological environment for each country, which contributes to the identification of problems and the direction of development of the environmental policy of each state. In addressing environmental problems, one should use legal mechanisms that have been developed to address similar issues, and one of such mechanisms is the institution of public-private partnership (hereinafter - PPP). PPP in the field of environmental protection is aimed at solving issues related to environmental protection, tasks, such as: reducing the amount of discharges of pollutants into water bodies; sewage treatment; increasing biodiversity; environmental education; development of alternative energy. The paper shows that a set of measures that ensure the modernization or construction of sewage treatment facilities and storm water treatment facilities in order to minimize the negative consequences of wastewater discharge is seen in solving this problem with the involvement of extra-budgetary funding sources and the use of PPP mechanisms. The implementation of environmental projects is a common trend for all countries. And Russia will have to solve problems in the field of waste management, not related to solid municipal waste, on an equal basis with all countries. The solution of problems in the field of environmental protection may entail the parallel solution of other problems in other areas, and vice versa.
Assessment of the development of the road and path network on the territory of the reserve park in order to reduce the anthropogenic impact on nature
Authors: Novikov A V , Sumarukova O V , Timoshkin A D , Lagutina N V , Barsukova M V
Published: February 2022

The research is devoted to the study of the road and path network in the park Park “Brateevskaya Poima” which located in the south of Moscow. This research is important to solve the issues on the study of the development of digression. Based on the results obtained, it is necessary to develop a road and path network throughout the park in order to reduce the anthropogenic impact on nature in certain parts of the park. According to the GPS tracker, the total length of the road and path network for the Brateevskaya Poima reserve was 11.27 km. The area occupied by road-path network accounts for approximately 2% of the total park area. A schematic map was built for ranking the road-path network according to the width of the paths of the park “Brateevskaya Poima. The most uncommon paths are up to 1.5 m wide, with a total area of only 1350 m2. The only paths trodden by man and having earthen cover. The main advantage of the park in the field of road-path network was in that there were practically no trampled paths on the territory. Most of the paths were tiled for walking and asphalt for vehicles.
Selection of trees species composition for creation of forest belts on newly created agrarian landscape of a regulated landfill
Authors: Cheprunova Y V , Tingaev A V
Published: February 2022

Every year the number of landfills for municipal solid waste (MSW) is growing all over the world. Overloaded landfills are closed, followed by reclamation and creation of agricultural landscapes. Trees and shrubs must adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions in a reclaimed MSW landfill. As a result, plants resistance is reduced. We studied the safety of planted trees and shrubs, as well as their growth over three years of research, in order to study the adaptation of woody plants to the conditions of the reclaimed MSW landfill and the effect of soil on adaptation. Canadian maple, barberry and Siberian mountain as h were studied on the experimental site of the newly formed agricultural landscape at the reclaimed MSW test site. The MSW landfill is located in the northwestern part of the city of Barnaul. According to research, mountain ash has the lowest overall survival rate at about 2%, barberry at 33%, and Canadian maple has the highest overall survival rate at 81.25%. Canadian maple can be used on the newly created agricultural landscape of MSW landfill for forest reclamation purposes.
Ecological features and the influence of hive materials on the viability of bee colonies in Eastern Siberia
Authors: Yudakhina M A
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the search for the optimal material for making a dwelling while keeping honey bees in Eastern Siberia. The benefits of keeping bee colonies in hives made of traditional material are described. Studies have shown that in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, in contrast to the European part of the country, cedar hives turned out to be more optimal for keeping bees. During the wintering of bees in such hives, there was 100% safety. As a result of the conducted research, it was noted that keeping bees in cedar hives increased the strength of bee colonies, average honey and beeswax productivity, and the amount of brood. The daily increase in numbers made it possible to maintain the most favorable environment in the brood zone. Indicators monitoring shows that as a result of such keeping, colonies had a large number of worker bees, a healthy atmosphere inside the dwelling, and this made it possible to optimally use the colony’s reserves for development, flight activity, as well as for further growth of individuals and production.
Interpopulation analysis of morphological and chemical characteristics of blue honeysuckle depending on natural and climatic conditions of growth
Authors: Yu Teplyuk N , Ivanova G V , Ya Kolman O , Glotova M V , Nikulina E O
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of interpopulation analysis of morphological and chemical characteristics of blue honeysuckle growing in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. In the course of the studies carried out, it was found that within an individual individual, all characters by the type of variability are subdivided into both low-variable and high-variable. In representatives of all populations, morphological characters are the most stable. The dependence of the morphological and chemical characteristics of honeysuckle on the natural and climatic conditions of growth of each individual of honeysuckle was revealed.
Research on the biodiversity of blue honeysuckle growing in Siberia
Authors: Yu Teplyuk N , Ya Kolman O , Glotova M V , Ivanova G V , Nikulina E O
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of a study of intraspecific biodiversity and chemostructure of natural populations of blue honeysuckle. The level of variability of morphological and chemical characteristics of blue honeysuckle has been studied. Morphological signs of blue honeysuckle were determined depending on the growing area: bush height, bush diameter, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, weight of 10 seeds. Changes in the chemical composition of blue honeysuckle fruits: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals are considered.
Ensuring an ecologically sustainable state of agroforestry landscapes of LLC “Agroalliance” of Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Primakov N V
Published: February 2022

The state of agricultural landscapes is greatly influenced by the ratio of agricultural land and forest plantations. The state of field-protective forest plantations in Krasnodar Territory is mostly unsatisfactory. Despite an in-depth analysis of the problem, the optimal ratio of lands has not been normalized and varies quite strongly depending on the regional and local characteristics of the territory. The research was carried out on the territory of the LLC “Agroalliance” farm in Dinskaya District. It is characterized by a high degree of plowing with a protective forest cover of more than 5%. The study of agroforestry landscapes was carried out using remote sensing methods and field studies. When studying agroforestry landscapes of Krasnodar Territory on the example of LLC “Agroalliance” in Dinskaya District, we observe deterioration in the characteristics of forest shelter belts, non-observance of land management norms. The work is an attempt to improve the ratio of agricultural land and coordinate them with the recommended standards for a given region on the example of an agricultural enterprise. The design of forest belts in all areas is dense, while for this area of Krasnodar Territory, a blown-through design is recommended. To restore, preserve protective forest plantations, we recommend carrying out a system of measures aimed at restoring the structures of forest belts.
The growth of deciduous trees in the protective forest belts of the southern part of Central Siberia
Authors: Vais A A , Varaksin G S , Nezamov V I , Kolpakova O P , Mamontova S A , Sorokina N N
Published: February 2022

Investigations of the course of growth of protective plantations in Siberia were carried out either in local areas or were carried out on a limited number of tree species. On this basis, the task was set to study the course of growth in height and diameter and to compile tables of growth of deciduous trees of protective forest belts. The source material is based on the data of model trees selected in plantations of protective forest belts in the Republic of Khakassia, Minusinsky district of Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Republic of Tyva. The progress of tree growth in protective forest belts in the southern part of Central Siberia indicates the absence of a single growth line and the presence of significant variation in plant sizes. The selection of trees was carried out in three groups: intensive growth, medium growth and moderate growth. The initial period of the revealed sharp variability of growth was 4 years in drooping birch, 4-6 years old elm, and 7-8 years old black poplar. When approximating growth lines, it is advisable to use the Weibull and Drakin-Vuevsky functions. Both equations are based on “exponential growth.” According to the data of the models, tables of the course of growth of deciduous trees of protective forest belts (drooping birch, elm and black poplar) were compiled. For each group (growth strategy) and tree species, a set of measures is proposed to maintain sustainable growth. As a result, in order to increase the durability of protective plantings, it is necessary to carry out measures, including those aimed at maintaining a sustainable growth.
To the problem of reducing the impact on soil during mechanization of thinning
Authors: Yu Dobretsov R , Dobretsova S B , Sokolova V A , Orlovskiy S N , Ya Donin A , Garbuzova T G , Alekseeva S V
Published: February 2022

The relevance of mechanization of various levels in carrying out planned thinning for forest areas of various types is shown. An explanation is proposed for the increased destructive effect on the soil, exerted by the propeller of a caterpillar tractor, containing tracks connected by hinges of a sequential type. The ways of reducing the peak loads under the tracks of commercially available tractors are proposed in order to reduce the destructive effect on the support base during the operation of the machine when carrying out planned works in the organization of rational forest management.
Forest management assessment of as forest use rational type
Authors: Chursin A I , Nartova E A , Krukova N A , Melentyev A A
Published: February 2022

The article touches upon the problem of Kuznetsk districtforest management, forestry structure analysis, as well as assessment of the region climatic factors. In conclusion, measures to improve forest management efficiency are proposed. Forests located on the territory of Penza region are of great importance for the economy, being one of the main natural resources. In order to preserve and increase forest resources felled, dead, damaged forests are subject to reproduction, that is, annual reforestation is necessary. Timely reproduction of forests with commercially valuable forest species is one of the most important measures that ensures rational and sustainable forest use, improves the growth and development of plantations, as well as the composition and productivity of future forests. In accordance with Penza region Strategy for the long term (until 2021), approved by Penza region Law (as amended), the following are identified as priority areas for forestry complex development: - ensuring the reproduction (restoration) of forest resources; - ensuring a stable state of ecosystems and specially protected natural areas, improving the breed reduction of illegal logging and forest crime; - creation of capacities for deep processing of wood, increasing wood production profitability; - Carrying out sanitary and health-improving and fire-prevention measures.
The potential of high tidal flooding disaster in North Jakarta using mapping and mangrove relationship approach
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Amron  , Christianto Dandhy
Published: February 2022

North Jakarta is widely used for various activities including industry, settlement, transportation, tourism and others. North Coast Jakarta also has high probability of coastal disaster including high tidal flooding which is caused by sea level rise, mangrove degradation and geomorphologicly area. This paper aimed to analysis the potential of high tidal flood using mapping analysis and mangrove density relationship. Mapping analysis and mangrove ecosystem relationships were used to analyzing the potential for tidal flooding. Data showed the density of mangrove ecosystems reaches 220-1100 trees ha−1, a single daily tide, sea level reached 2.75m, sea level rise reached 2.74m (the rate reached 0.71 cm/year), tidal flooding to reach an area of 1014.69-1548.91 ha and land subsidence reach 12 cm/year
Lesson learned and enhanced adaptation strategies for isolated indigenous community in West Papua
Authors: Indouw Lazarus , Maturbongs Rudi A , Prabawardani Saraswati
Published: February 2022

Isolated indigenous communities are groups of people who live their lives very apprehensively. Most of the people live in places that are difficult to reach geographically, such as inland, beaches, forests, hills and remote islands (outer, inland, and left behind). Remoteness is the biggest contributing factor to their inability to be part of the development process and coupled with climate-related disasters. Descriptive methods with in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) are used to explore local knowledge in efforts to adapt to climate change and the introduction of adaptation strategies, especially related to enhance local knowledge (SASI).
Study of surface and vertical sea temperatures during the process of tropical cyclone formation in the territory of Indonesia (case study 2019-2021)
Authors: Destantyo Nugroho Anendha , Habib Muzaki Nur
Published: February 2022

A tropical cyclone is an atmospheric phenomenon that has a system of low air pressure that forms over the oceans in the warm tropics. Tropical cyclones can form in oceans with sea surface temperatures above 26.5°C. In addition to the sea surface temperature which must be more than 26.5°C, the depth of warm sea water temperature strongly supports the formation of tropical cyclones in the territory of Indonesia. In this study, research was conducted on the surface and vertical temperatures of the sea during the formation of tropical cyclones or when cyclone seeds occurred in the case of tropical cyclones that occurred in 2019-2021 in the territory of Indonesia. The data used is processed using Ocean Data View 4.1 to determine the distribution of surface and vertical sea temperatures. Based on the results on this study, the vertical distribution of sea surface temperatures during the formation of tropical cyclones in Indonesia has an average sea temperature higher than 26.5°C which reaches a depth of 64 meters to 70 meters. Then the sea surface temperature during the tropical cyclone formation process averaged 28 °C to 29 °C.
GEOSTAT application design for rapid determination of MATLAB-based earthquake risk level
Authors: Bakhtiar Takhul , Suardi Iman
Published: February 2022

In order to support the rapid determination, assessment and research of a major earthquake event that occurs in an area, a fast, simple and easy application is needed to calculate the level of earthquake risk.The GEOSTAT Application is an application created using the MATLAB program. The GEOSTAT Application can be used to calculate the level of earthquake risk using the Gutenberg and Richter equations which are solved by the least squares method and the maximum likelihood method. This application is designed and built using the MATLAB Graphical User Interface Development (GUIDE) which is created and compiled in a pure script. The GEOSTAT Application can help users calculate the level of earthquake risk quickly and easily which is usually calculated manually. In addition, The GEOSTAT Application provides early warning information related to the analysis of the level of earthquake disaster risk.The GEOSTAT Application can be installed on the user’s device and has good performance so that it can assist users in calculating the level of earthquake risk quickly and easily.
Towards resilience-vulnerability communities to climate change in Doom Island Sorong City West Papua Province
Authors: Ampnir Derek , Santoso Budi , Maturbongs Rudi A.
Published: February 2022

Doom Island is a small island in West Papua from a total of 4.110 small island which is located in the Sorong Archipelago District. This island is directly opposite the Pacific Ocean so it is very vulnerable to climate change induced hazards, including landslides, abrasion, tropical storm, heavy rainfall, water scarcity, and food security. Adaptation strategies especially for vulnerable communities such as baby, children under five years of age, children, pregnant or lactating mothers, persons with disabilities and the elderly is needed to increase their resilience to climate change and the other disasters. Socialization, training, and simulation are introduced to vulnerable communities and followed by in-depth interviews to find out adaptation strategies from local knowledge and harmonized with science.
Development of wind monitoring systems with LoRA technology
Authors: Purnomo F.A. , Yoeseph N.M. , Yulianto A. , Royan Y.I. , Safi’ie M.A.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to design and build a wind monitoring system with LoRA (Low Range) technology. This system can observe the value of wind speed, air temperature, and humidity. All of these data must be processed in order to obtain information on the current state of the air. Existing information can be used as a reference for decision making or as a sign of a threat. In this monitoring system, the observation of air conditions uses wireless LoRa (Long Range) technology as a data transmission tool. In this experiment, two LoRa nodes are used and one Lora Gateway is used. There are two sensors used in this case, namely anemometer and BME280. Sensors contained in the LoRa node take data on wind speed, air temperature, and humidity. The LoRa node sends all the data to the LoRa Gateway. LoRa gateway connected by wifi will forward to the server (The Things Network and Firebase). The test results from this study show that the average time for sending LoRa node data to being sent to firebase is 0.25 seconds. LoRA devices with a 3 cm long antenna can communicate at a maximum distance of 400 m.
Disaster risk reduction of mount agung cold lava flood at the Bali cultural centre in Klungkung Regency
Authors: Sutarja I.N. , Ardana M.D.W. , Gustave S.P.
Published: February 2022

The Bali Province Government plans the development of Bali Cultural Centre as a comprehensive cultural information centre to support the development of Culture-oriented Bali Tourism. The Bali Cultural Centre site is situated in an area of post-mining remnants in Klungkung Regency. The sites located at coordinates 8°32‘41.35” - 8°34‘30.94” South Latitude and 115°24‘54.92” - 115°26‘6.99” East Longitude. This site is also portion of estuary area of the Unda River which has a high potential for the danger of cold lava flood from the Mount Agung eruption. The structure to manage cold lava floods at the Unda River estuary is being conducted. The construction is divided into two locations which design to satisfactory a 50-year design flood with discharge of 1436.11 m3 per second. The first location is at upstream (north side of Prof. Ida Bagus Mantra Street) using a single rectangular cross section. The second location is at downstream (south area of Prof. Ida Bagus Mantra Street) using a combine double rectangular cross section. These two types of cross sections are designed to accommodate the capacity of water discharge under normal conditions and still able to drain water discharge in the 50-year return period. The presence of this channel allows the cold lava flood flow directly towards the sea-shore and so as to reduce the risk. It is possible that the sediments settle at the base of the channel, therefore, channel shape normalization and periodic dredging for maintenance are essential.
Flood control simulation for disaster management in Wai Batu Merah River Basin
Authors: Fitriani D , Farid M , Mahfudz H , Suryadi Y
Published: February 2022

Ambon City, located in Maluku Island, experiences flood disaster every year. It has been considered that the flood in this city occurs more often compared to the other city in the same island. One of the river that is related to the flood occurrence in Ambon City is Wai Batu Merah River. This study aims to find appropriate structural measurement by using modelling simulation to control flood disaster in Wai Batu Merah River Basin. The modelling used HEC-RAS 5.0.7 software for coupled 1D and 2D hydraulic simulation. Flood discharge was calibrated by applying flood event in 2013. The SCS method was selected to generate flood hydrograph by using synthetic method. The records of water depth in the flood event were compared to the hydraulic model results and it showed good agreement. Based on the model, flood control scenarios i.e. normalization and dike were exercised for 25 year return period as required by government regulation. The combination of both scenarios can manage flood in Wai Batu Merah River Basin effectively. However it might need high cost to construct the structures. Therefore, it is necessary to have priority between the scenarios.
School resilience policy development and strategic steps to disaster-resilient communities
Authors: Dwiningrum S I A , Sitompul N , Nisa A A , Sumunar D R S
Published: February 2022

Mitigation education policies have not been implemented optimally in schools because they have not received synergistic social support. This study will articulate four main points, which are: 1) social support for disaster mitigation education policy; 2) school resilience profile; 3) development of school’s resilience policy, and 4) factors influencing the success of policy implementation. The research method is descriptive analysis approach to describe the respondents’ opinions as they are regarding the draft policy brief and the indicators of school resilience policies for disaster mitigation. The study sample consisted of the heads of the education office and the principals of upper secondary schools in Indonesia. Sample selection was done by purposive sampling, from the regions in 18 disaster-prone provinces, 24 heads of department and 24 principals of each disaster-prone area at the high school level in Indonesia are taken as respondents. The data collection technique used in the study was the use of online media through Google Forms and focus group discussion through Zoom meetings. The results of the study concluded that: 1) disaster mitigation education policies require social support from the central government, regional governments, higher educational establishments, and students who work synergistically; 2) the school’s resilience profile is still relatively low and requires school policies strengthening; 3) the development of school resilience policies requires strategic and proactive steps from the school; 4) the success of the policy implementation is largely determined by the school’s strategy in dealing with the supporting and hindering factors. By successfully implementing school resilience policies in schools in Indonesia, the role of schools will be more optimal in disaster mitigation.
Assasment of flood hazard reduction in DKI Jakarta: Bendungan Hilir Village
Authors: Taufik S R , Yatrib M , Harman A N , Kesuma T N A , Saputra D , Kusuma M S B
Published: February 2022

Jakarta has an essential function for Indonesia, apart from being the capital city of the country, Jakarta is also the center of the nation’s economy. However, the problem of flooding that occurs every year causes enormous material and immaterial losses. One of the metropolitan areas that is often hit by floods is Bendungan Hilir Village. This village is the meeting point between the Ciliwung River and the Krukut River. One of the causes of flooding is when the water level in both rivers is high, the water from the Krukut River cannot flow, so it overflows into the surrounding area. For this reason, this study will analyze the level of flood hazard and the effect of normalization of the Krukut River. The analysis was performed using the HEC-RAS, combining 1D and 2D modeling. In the upstream part, the Krukut watershed flood hydrograph is applied for a return period of 25 years with a peak discharge of 169 m3/s, and the normal depth will be used as the downstream boundary. The modeling is carried out in two conditions, they are the existing channel and the channel after normalization. Based on the model results it is found that normalization could reduce the flood hazard of Krukut river around 75%.
Community preparedness in facing earthquake in disaster-prone areas of the Lembang fault at Pasirlangu Village Cisarua District, West Bandung Regency
Authors: Utomo Sutrisno , Tukino
Published: February 2022

This research aims to determine the community’s preparedness in dealing with earthquake disasters in the Lembang Fault disaster-prone area, Pasirlangu Village, Cisarua District, West Bandung Regency, covering six critical aspects including respondent characteristics, knowledge aspects, policy, emergency response planning, early warning system, and system mobilization resources aspects in dealing with earthquake disasters. This research was using descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. The population in this research was the head of the family of 3,564 people with the Proportional Random Sampling technique and obtained 100 people from 10 communities areas as respondents.

The results showed that the community’s preparedness in dealing with earthquake disasters was in the moderate to low category with a score of 6,240 out of a total score of 12,400. In Conclusion, the community at Pasirlangu Village as a Disaster-Prone Areas are barely prepared to face the earthquake disaster. The program proposed to solve the problem is “Program Pasirlangu Siap Siaga, Cisarua Tanggap Bencana (Pasaga Cinta)” or the Pasirlangu Ready-Alert Program, Cisarua Disaster-Response which aims to improve community preparedness in dealing with earthquake disasters. The method used is the Community Organization/ Community Developement methods by applying the collaboration techniques, Technology of Participation techniques, and campaigns.
Optical and Electrical Based Indoor Landslide Early Warning System Based on the Change of the Wall Crack Width
Authors: Marzuki Ahmad , Purnomo F. A. , Yoeseph N. M. , Imran A. M. , Suryanto W. , Juhana T.
Published: February 2022

Wall Cracks in a slope area with high landslide risk is very common. Triggered by small horizontal land movement, relative movement of walls separated by the crack line to create wider crack can occur. In the present work, an early warning system for landslide utilizing such movement is presented. For this purpose, a bar is connected to the displacement sensor. Sensor is fixed to one side of wall at either before or after crack line. The bar from this sensor is fixed to the other side of the wall at the direction perpendicular to the crack. With this configuration, small movement of one part of wall (before or after crack line) activate the sensor. In this paper, two displacement sensors are used, i.e., displacement sensor based on slide resistor and fiber sensor. In the present work, warning is given in the form of sound characterized the increase of frequency as the width of crack increase.
Level of Vulnerability of Aipiri Village to Climate Change
Authors: Siburian Rima HS , Tapilatu Julia R. , Tapilatu Maryrose E.
Published: February 2022

Aipiri Village in the eastern part of Manokwari District, West Papua, is one of the villages directly adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. This village is very vulnerable to the threat of sea-level rise. This study aims to determine the level of vulnerability and adaptation of the community at Aipiri village to climate change. Data were collected through a survey method with interview techniques and direct observation to obtain data on the level of vulnerability of the village to climate change. The results of this study indicated that sea-level rise is the biggest threat to the people of Aipiri village. In addition, when referring to the level of resilience, the pattern of community adaptation through community local wisdom and knowledge, the environmental infrastructure aspect is an adaptation solution that needs to be developed. Ecotourism areas are developed as a form of local wisdom in defending the area against climate change.
Baseflow separation using graphic method of recursive digital filter on Wae Batu Gajah Watershed, Ambon City, Maluku
Authors: Latuamury Bokiraiya , Osok Rafael M , Puturuhu Ferad , Imlabla Wilma N.
Published: February 2022

The most commonly used baseflow separation graphics method is the recursive digital filter. Choosing an RDF graphic filter method to estimate the base stream requires a sure accuracy. The application of the RDF graphics method on small island watersheds must take into account the unique hydrological conditions of small island watersheds with a small area of rain catch so that the RDF method approach can be applied. This research aims to analyze graphic methods for the hydrological characteristics of the small island watershed of the Ambon City of Maluku Province. The research method uses five RDF methods: one parameter algorithm, two-parameter algorithm, RDF Lyne & Holick, RDF Chapman, and RDF Eckhard. The results showed that the appropriate filter parameter value for small island watersheds was based on optimal parameters for assessing accuracy. The five RDFs showed that Eckhardt’s filters performed better than one parameter algorithm, two parameters algorithm, Lyne and Hollick algorithm, and Champman algorithm, on a more extensive range of conditions. The optimal value of the filter parameters is relatively uniform for all five filter methods depending on the characteristics of the watershed and somewhat similar hydrological inputs.
Tirilolo village community vulnerability and perceptions of the cement industry planning in Baucau District, Timor Leste
Authors: Pereira J , Mahojwala G , Paripurno ET , Effendi MI
Published: February 2022

The cement industry investment in Baucau Regency is agreed to be the key to economic growth, creating new jobs, and reducing poverty. To support this investment in the cement industry sector, the government of Timor Leste issued Government Resolution no. 14/2016 regarding the Special Investment Agreement submitted by the Company TL Cement, Lda. Baucau Regency area has a good stretch of karst for the supply of the main raw material for cement production, thus chosen as an investment location. Tirilolo village as well as the surrounding community, where they plan to establish a limestone factory and mine is planned – will receive both benefits and risks from the investment planning. This study uses a mixed-method with a survey approach, interviews, and questionnaires, with socio-economic risk assessment at the local level in the cement industry investment plan sector. This study uses secondary data analysis and field observations. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptively and using a scoring technique on each indicator. Some of the research results obtained indicate a basic vulnerability, that the population density in Tirilolo Village is 52 people/ha, with female household heads 5%, people with disabilities 7%, vulnerable age population 26%. In the education sector, 68.75% of the population did not go to school, while only 17% graduated from elementary school, 5.2% graduated from junior high school, and 8.3% graduated from high school. The average community income is less than $100 per month. The results of structured interviews and focus group discussions show that even though factories and mines carry risks, people look forward to jobs that will emerge to make changes in their lives.
Hexa Helix, participatory concept to support landslide early warning system
Authors: Zakaria Z , Sulaksana N , Sophian R I , Alam BYCSSS
Published: February 2022

The Indonesian archipelago lies at triple junction between the world’s tectonic plates that have many natural disasters. Furthermore, Indonesia lies accross the equator which result in a tropical climate (dry and rainy seasons). During the rainy season, rainfall often triggers landslides. Landslides can be identified by the material type (soil, rock, or debris) and movement (slide, fall, flow, or combination). Landslide-prone areas can be influenced by lithology (rock type and weathering), slope (geomorphology), seismic vibrations (tectonic aspects), and human activities. In order to anticipate landslides, both structural and non-structural mitigation are required. Non-structural mitigation is required to determine the condition of rainfall, and the type of landslides. RAFLEWS (Rainfall Apparatus for Landslide Early Warning System) design model is a part of non-structural mitigation. Non-structural mitigation is also required to anticipate the possibility of landslides. Proposal of Hexa Helix participatory concept is a part for early warning system which will be useful in supporting non-structural mitigation. Hexa Helix consists of six participant elements, namely: Academia, Government, Society, Industry, Mass Media, and Laws/Regulations/Legislations. Combination of RAFLEWS model and Hexa Helix concept is expected to be influential in dealing with landslide disasters in the future.
Factor Affecting and Damage Mapping of Flood Inundation in Japan: A Case Study of Hitoyoshi City, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Surya Satria Ridwan Arbi , Homma Riken , Liu Hang
Published: February 2022

One of the most water-related disasters is flooding induced by heavy rain. According to several model experiments and an analysis of historical data, such natural disasters will become more common in the future. In recent years, torrential rain and flooding have caused significant damage to agricultural land, homes, and human life in numerous Japanese towns. We used the Hitoyoshi City in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, as a case study for the area’s flood event in July 2020. This study uses machine learning to study spatial analysis of the city of Hitoyoshi after the 2020 flood disaster. Assessments such as flood hazards, exposure, and susceptibility are critical components of total flood risk assessment. In addition, this study also uses several driving factors for mapping the scenario to the evacuation center, how the impact of flooding on the residential environment, and changes to land use in the Hitoyoshi area. For land-use planners, estimating the quickly flooded region using distinct land use profiles is quite important. It aids in the analysis of flood losses and the allocation of resources for recovery and restoration.
FRESH 3D bioprinting a contractile heart tube using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Bliley Jacqueline , Tashman Joshua , Stang Maria , Coffin Brian , Shiwarski Daniel , Lee Andrew , Hinton Thomas , Feinberg Adam
Published: February 2022

Here we report the 3D bioprinting of a simplified model of the heart, similar to that observed in embryonic development, where the heart is a linear tube that pumps blood and nutrients to the growing embryo. To this end, we engineered a bioinspired model of the human heart tube using freeform reversible of embedding of suspended hydrogels 3D bioprinting. The 3D bioprinted heart tubes were cellularized using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts and formed patent, perfusable constructs. Synchronous contractions were achieved ∼3–4 days after fabrication and were maintained for up to a month. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed large, interconnected networks of sarcomeric alpha actinin-positive cardiomyocytes. Electrophysiology was assessed using calcium imaging and demonstrated anisotropic calcium wave propagation along the heart tube with a conduction velocity of ∼5 cm s−1. Contractility and function was demonstrated by tracking the movement of fluorescent beads within the lumen to estimate fluid displacement and bead velocity. These results establish the feasibility of creating a 3D bioprinted human heart tube and serve as an initial step towards engineering more complex heart muscle structures.
Device level reversible potassium intercalation into bilayer graphene
Authors: Yang Sheng , Fecher Sven , Wang Qixing , Kühne Matthias , Smet Jurgen H
Published: February 2022

Electrochemical intercalation and storage of alkali metal ions into the graphite interlayer space is a key ingredient for commercial rechargeable ion batteries. While this has been exceptionally fruitful for lithium, the use of other more abundant chemical species such as potassium has fallen behind due to their less favorable ionic radius and host–guest interactions. Here, we deploy a device level on-chip cell architecture to study the reversible intercalation of potassium into the single van der Waals gallery of a graphene bilayer at room temperature and monitor in a time-dependent manner the electronic properties of the graphene bilayer during the insertion and extraction processes. The potassium diffusion is highly reversible and a charge transfer up to about 2.5 × 1013 cm−2 is achieved. The diffusion coefficient well exceeds 10−7 cm2 s−1 at room temperature, an order of magnitude larger than previously reported values in graphite and other compounds.
Photon detection probability prediction using one-dimensional generative neural network
Authors: Mu Wei , Himmel Alexander I , Ramson Bryan
Published: February 2022

Photon detection is important for liquid argon detectors for direct dark matter searches or neutrino property measurements. Precise simulation of photon transport is widely used to understand the probability of photon detection in liquid argon detectors. Traditional photon transport simulation, which tracks every photon using the Geant4 simulation toolkit, is a major computational challenge for kilo-tonne-scale liquid argon detectors and GeV-level energy depositions. In this work, we propose a one-dimensional generative model which efficiently generates features using an

O
u
t
e
r
P
r
o
d
u
c
t

-layer. This model bypasses photon transport simulation and predicts the number of photons detected by particular photon detectors at the same level of detail as the Geant4 simulation. The application to simulating photon detection systems in kilo-tonne-scale liquid argon detectors demonstrates this novel generative model is able to reproduce Geant4 simulation with good accuracy and 20 to 50 times faster. This generative model can be used to quickly predict photon detection probability in huge liquid argon detectors like ProtoDUNE or DUNE.
Maximal 𝑃𝑆𝐿₂ Subgroups of Exceptional Groups of Lie Type
Authors: Craven David
Published: February 2022

We study embeddings of

P
S
L

2

(

p
a

)

\mathrm {PSL}_2(p^a)

into exceptional groups

G
(

p
b

)

G(p^b)

for

G
=

F
4

,

E
6

,

2

E
6

,

E
7

G=F_4,E_6,{}^2\!E_6,E_7

, and

p
p

a prime with

a
,
b

a,b

positive integers. With a few possible exceptions, we prove that any almost simple group with socle

P
S
L

2

(

p
a

)

\mathrm {PSL}_2(p^a)

, that is maximal inside an almost simple exceptional group of Lie type

F
4

F_4

,

E
6

E_6

,

2

E
6

{}^2\!E_6

and

E
7

E_7

, is the fixed points under the Frobenius map of a corresponding maximal closed subgroup of type

A
1

A_1

inside the algebraic group.

Together with a recent result of Burness and Testerman for

p
p

the Coxeter number plus one, this proves that all maximal subgroups with socle

P
S
L

2

(

p
a

)

\mathrm {PSL}_2(p^a)

inside these finite almost simple groups are known, with three possible exceptions (

p
a

=
7
,
8
,
25

p^a=7,8,25

for

E
7

E_7

).

In the three remaining cases we provide considerable information about a potential maximal subgroup.
Why are women with polycystic ovary syndrome obese?
Authors: Barber T M
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition characterized by reproductive, hyperandrogenic and dysmetabolic features, and often becomes clinically manifest during adolescence, particularly with weight-gain.

Sources of data

Pubmed search.

Areas of agreement

PCOS is heritable and closely associates with obesity (based on data from both epidemiological and genetic studies). Furthermore, insulin resistance forms a central cornerstone of the pathogenesis of PCOS and mediates a close association between obesity and the severity of the phenotypic features of PCOS.

Areas of controversy

Our understanding of the pathogenesis of PCOS remains incomplete, especially regarding its missing heritability (with only a small fraction having been identified from the genome-wide association studies reported to date), and its developmental origins.

Growing points

A challenge for the future is to explore a role for epigenetic modifications in the development of PCOS, and implications for the in utero environment and novel therapeutic opportunities.
Graph space: using both geometric and probabilistic structure to evaluate statistical graph models
Authors: Duvivier Louis , Cazabet Rémy , Robardet Céline
Published: February 2022

Statistical graph models aim at representing graphs as random realization among a set of possible graphs. To evaluate the quality of a model $M$ with respect to an observed network $G$, most statistical model selection methods rely on the probability that $G$ was generated by $M$, which is computed based on the entropy of the associated microcanonical ensemble. In this article, we introduce another possible definition of the quality of fit of a model based on the edit distance expected value. We show that adding a geometric structure to the microcanonical ensemble induces an alternative perspective which may lead to select models which could potentially generate more different graphs, but whose structure is closer to the observed network. Finally, we introduce a statistical hypothesis testing methodology based on this distance to evaluate the relevance of a candidate model with respect to an observed graph.
Effect of tafamidis on global longitudinal strain and myocardial work in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Giblin Gerard T , Cuddy Sarah A M , González-López Esther , Sewell Alanna , Murphy Amanda , Dorbala Sharmila , Falk Rodney H
Published: February 2022

Aims

In patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), the effect of tafamidis on myocardial function using serial speckle tracking echocardiography has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to describe the natural history of myocardial function in untreated ATTR-CM and determine the effect of tafamidis on myocardial functional parameters over 12 months of treatment.

Methods and results

A total of 45 subjects with ATTR-CM were retrospectively studied: 23 treated with tafamidis and 22 untreated. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was analysed at baseline and 1 year. Serial longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain, twist, torsion, and myocardial work were measured. Over 1 year, absolute global longitudinal strain (GLS) deteriorated more in the untreated group by a median of 1.1% [inter-quartile range (IQR) 0.95] compared with 0.3% (IQR 1) in the tafamidis group (P = 0.02). Myocardial work index and efficiency also deteriorated to a greater degree: 142.5 mmHg% (IQR 197) and 4% (IQR 8), respectively, in the untreated group compared with 61.5 mmHg% (IQR 210) and 1% (IQR 7) in the tafamidis group (P = 0.04). There were no significant between group differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), tissue Doppler velocities, circumferential or radial strain, LV twist or torsion at 1 year. The stabilization effect of tafamidis on myocardial function at 1 year did not differ according to baseline GLS, LVEF, or National Amyloidosis Centre disease stage.

Conclusions

In ATTR-CM, tafamidis resulted in a lesser deterioration in GLS, myocardial work index, and efficiency over a 12-month period compared with a cohort not treated with tafamidis.
A national analysis of open versus minimally invasive thymectomy for stage I–III thymic carcinoma
Authors: Hurd Jacob , Haridas Chinmay , Potter Alexandra , Baiu Ioana , Beqari Jorind , Deng John , Liou Douglas , Patel Deven , Yang Chi-Fu Jeffrey
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES

The oncological efficacy of minimally invasive thymectomy for thymic carcinoma is not well characterized. We compared overall survival and short-term outcomes between open and minimally invasive surgical (video-assisted thoracoscopic and robotic) approaches using the National Cancer Database.

METHODS

Perioperative outcomes and overall survival of patients who underwent open versus minimally invasive thymectomy for Masaoka stage I–III thymic carcinoma from 2010 to 2015 in the National Cancer Database were evaluated using propensity score-matched analysis and multivariable Cox proportional hazards modelling. Outcomes by surgical approach were assessed using an intent-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS

Of the 216 thymectomies that were evaluated, 43 (20%) were performed with minimally invasive techniques (22 video-assisted thoracoscopic and 21 robotic). The minimally invasive approach was associated with a shorter median length of stay when compared to the open approach (3 vs 5 days, P < 0.001). In the propensity score-matched analysis of 30 open and 30 minimally invasive thymectomies, the minimally invasive group did not differ significantly in median length of stay (3 vs 4.5 days, P = 0.27), 30-day readmission (P = 0.13), 30-day mortality (P = 0.60), 90-day mortality (P = 0.60), margin positivity (P = 0.39) and 5-year survival (78.6% vs 54.6%, P = 0.15) when compared to the open group.

CONCLUSIONS

In this national analysis, minimally invasive thymectomy for stage I–III thymic carcinoma was found to have no significant differences in short-term outcomes and overall survival when compared to open thymectomy.