bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial transport on the atmospheric volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons over the Western Pacific
Authors: Liu Shan-Shan , Ni Jie , Song Jin-Ming , Gao Xu-Xu , He Zhen , Yang Gui-Peng
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons (VCHCs), key ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases, depend on oceanic emission and uptake for their atmospheric budget. However, data on VCHCs in the Western Pacific remain limited. This study investigated the distribution and sources of VCHCs (CHCl3, C2HCl3, CCl4, and CH3CCl3) in the Western Pacific during 2019–2020. Elevated seawater concentrations of CHCl3 and C2HCl3 in the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) were driven by mesoscale eddies enhancing primary productivity, while CCl4 and CH3CCl3 concentrations were mainly influenced by atmospheric inputs. Atmospheric concentrations of VCHCs decreased from coastal to open ocean areas, with terrestrial air masses from Eastern Asia contributing significantly. Additionally, atmospheric CHCl3 and C2HCl3 concentrations were positively correlated with Chl-a in the KOE region. These findings suggested that both atmospheric transport from the continent and ocean emissions could influence CHCl3 and C2HCl3 levels. However, analysis of sea-to-air fluxes and saturation anomalies showed that atmospheric transport primarily influenced atmospheric CHCl3 and C2HCl3 concentrations. The estimated sea-to-air flux indicated that the Western Pacific acted as a source for CHCl3 and C2HCl3 but a sink for CCl4 and CH3CCl3, with the potential to absorb 17 ± 2 % of CCl4 emissions from Eastern China, 7 ± 5 % from Eastern Asia, and 3 ± 1 % of global emissions. Additionally, this region accounted for 8 ± 4 % of the global oceanic absorption of CCl4. These findings underscored the Western Pacific’s key role in regulating atmospheric CCl4 concentrations and mitigating its accumulation in Eastern Asia, providing essential data for global VCHCs emission and uptake estimates.
Implementation of a dry deposition module (DEPAC v3.11) in a large eddy simulation code (DALES v4.4)
Authors: Geers Leon , Janssen Ruud , Thorkelsdottir Gudrun , Vilà-Guerau de Arellano Jordi , Schaap Martijn
Published: February 2025

Abstract. High-resolution data on reactive nitrogen deposition are needed to inform cost-effective policies. Large eddy simulation models coupled to a dry deposition module present a valuable tool for obtaining these high-resolution data. In this paper we describe the implementation of a dry deposition module (DEPAC v3.11) into a large eddy simulation code (DALES v4.4), and its first application in a real-world case study. With this coupled model, we are able to represent the turbulent surface-atmosphere exchange of passive and reactive tracers at the hectometer resolution. A land surface module was implemented to solve the surface energy budget and provide detailed information for the calculation of deposition fluxes per land use (LU) class. Both the land surface model and the dry deposition module are extensively described, as well as the inputs that are needed to run them. To show the advantages of this new modeling approach, we present a case study for the city of Eindhoven in the Netherlands, focusing on the emission, dispersion and deposition of NOx and NH3. We find that DALES is able to reproduce the main features of the boundary layer development and the diurnal cycle of local meteorology well, with the exception of the evening transition. DALES calculates the dispersion and deposition of NOx and NH3 in great spatial detail, clearly showing the influence of local LU patterns on small-scale transport, removal efficiencies and mixing characteristics.
Recent history and future demise of Jostedalsbreen, the largest ice cap in mainland Europe
Authors: Åkesson Henning , Sjursen Kamilla Hauknes , Vikhamar Schuler Thomas , Dunse Thorben , Andreassen Liss Marie , Kusk Gillespie Mette , Robson Benjamin Aubrey , Schellenberger Thomas , Clement Yde Jacob
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Glaciers and ice caps worldwide are in strong decline, and models project this trend to continue with future warming, with strong environmental and socio-economic implications. The Jostedalsbreen ice cap is the largest ice cap on the European continent (458 km2 in 2019) and occupies 20 % of the total glacier area of mainland Norway. Here we simulate the evolution of Jostedalsbreen since 1960, and its fate in a changing climate in the 21st-century and beyond (2300). This ice cap consists of glacier units with a great diversity in shape, steepness, hypsometry, and flow speed. We employ a coupled model system with higher-order 3-d ice dynamics forced by simulated surface mass balance that fully accounts for the mass-balance elevation feedback. We find that Jostedalsbreen may lose 12–74 % of its present-day volume until 2100, depending on future greenhouse gas emissions. Regardless of emission scenario, the ice cap is likely to split into three parts during the second half of the 21st century. Our results suggest that Jostedalsbreen will likely be more resilient than many smaller glaciers and ice caps in Scandinavia. However, we show that by the year 2100, the ice cap may be committed to a complete disappearance during the 22nd century, under high emissions (RCP8.5). Under medium 21st-century emissions (RCP4.5), the ice cap is bound to shrink by 90 % until 2300. Further simulations indicate that substantial mass losses undergone until 2100 are irreversible. Our study demonstrates a model approach for complex ice masses with numerous outlet glaciers such as ice caps, and how tightly linked future mass loss is to future greenhouse-gas emissions. Finally, uncertainties in future climate conditions, particularly precipitation, appear to be the largest source of uncertainty in future projections of maritime ice masses like Jostedalsbreen.
Using feature importance as an exploratory data analysis tool on Earth system models
Authors: Ries Daniel , Goode Katherine , McClernon Kellie , Hillman Benjamin
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Machine learning (ML) models are commonly used to generate predictions, but these models can also support the discovery of new science. Generating accurate predictions necessitates that a model captures the structure of the underlying data. If the structure is properly extracted, ML could be a useful exploratory and evidential tool. In this paper, we present a case study that demonstrates the use of ML for exploratory data analysis (EDA) in the climate space. We apply the ML explainability method of spatiotemporal zeroed feature importance (stZFI) to understand how climate-variable associations evolve over space and time. Our analyses focus on data from ensembles of Earth system models (ESMs) which provide data on different climate states and conditions. We elect to work with ESM ensembles since they allow us to compare feature importance across alternative scenarios not available with observed data. The ensembles also account for natural variability so that we can distinguish between signal and noise due to natural climate variability when computing feature importance. The use of perturbed initial condition ensembles introduces variability mimicking the natural variability in the atmosphere; thus the signals emerging using feature importance (FI) can be evaluated against the natural variability in the climate system. For our analyses, we consider the 1991 volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo, which was a large stratospheric aerosol injection. We explore the climate pathway associated with the eruption from aerosols to radiation to temperature at both the near-surface and stratospheric levels. In addition to applying the method to data generated from two different ESMs, we apply stZFI to reanalysis data to compare the associations identified by stZFI. We show how stZFI tracks the importance of aerosol optical depth over time on forecasting temperatures. This case study illustrates usefulness of an ML tool (stZFI) for EDA on a well-studied climate exemplar.
ՕՐԵՆՔՈՎ ՍԱՀՄԱՆՎԱԾ ԿԱՐԳՈՎ ՁԵՌՔ ԲԵՐՎԱԾ ԱՊԱՑՈՒՅՑՆԵՐԻ ՕԳՏԱԳՈՐԾՄԱՆ ԱՐԳԵԼՔՆԵՐԸ / PROHIBITIONS ON THE USE OF EVIDENCE OBTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROCEDURE ESTABLISHED BY LAW
Authors: GHAMBARYAN ARTUR
Published: February 2025

The aim of this article is to analyze the specifics of the prohibition on the use of
evidence obtained in accordance with the procedure established by law, as provided for
in Article 97 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Armenia.
To achieve this goal, the study sets the following objectives:
1. To examine the correlation between the prohibition on the use of legally obtained
evidence and the concept of inadmissible evidence.
2. To analyze the provisions regulating cases in which evidence is prohibited from
being used, particularly in the context of:
2.1. reasonable doubts about the substitution or alteration of evidence;
2.2. data obtained from a person with mental or physical health issues;
2.3. a refusal in court to confirm testimony previously given in the absence of a
defense attorney.
In conducting the research, the author applied general scientific methods, including
the dialectical, synergetic, relevant, and logical methods, as well as analysis and
synthesis, the formal-dogmatic methodology, and, to some extent, the comparative legal
method.
The main conclusions of the study are as follows:
1. According to Article 97 of the CPC of the Republic of Armenia (Sections 5 and 6),
the use of evidence obtained in accordance with the law is, in certain cases,
considered legally impossible. This is likely due to the presumption of unreliability
of such evidence in the three specified situations.
2. The wording of Article 97 allows for its application in cases where the information
carrier is a person. In particular, this may include the substitution of one person
with another as the bearer of the information or the alteration of the
characteristics of the transmitted data.
ԱՆԱՆԻԱ ՍԱՆԱՀՆԵՑՈՒ «ՄԵԿՆՈՒԹԻԻՆ ՄԱՏԹԷԻ ԱՒԵՏԱՐԱՆԻ» ԵՐԿԻ ՆՈՐԱԲԱՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ ԵՎ ԴՐԱՆՑ ԻՄԱՍՏԱԲԱՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՁՆԱՀԱՏԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ / NEOLOGISMS IN THE «COMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW» BY ANANIA SANAHNETSI AND THEIR SEMANTIC FEATURE
Authors: BARSEGHYAN VARDUHI
Published: February 2025

The most valuable insights into the historical stages of the Armenian language, its
linguistic system, and the changes and developments it underwent are provided by written
manuscripts and chronicles. The linguistic level and system of the 10th-12th centuries, as
well as the development and usage of Classical Armenian, can be illustrated through the
works of several prominent figures of that period. To date, the language of exegetical
works has been little studied, yet it provides rich information for researchers of Classical
Armenian. Moreover, through the study of such works, the distinctive features of Armenian
doctrinal thought and its language can be revealed.
The aim of this article is to examine the neologisms in the Classical Armenian
(Grabar) work "Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew" by Anania Sanahnetsi, one of the
prominent figures of the medieval period, uncovering the semantic development of these
units in Modern Armenian.
During the given research, we have employed comparative, diachronic, and, to
some extent, statistical methods to provide semantic explanations of the neologisms found
in the text, as well as to describe their lexical characteristics. A notable result of this article
is that it partially presents the high level of development and linguistic and stylistic richness
of Classical Armenian in the 11th century through the vocabulary of the Commentary by
Anania Sanahnetsi.
THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN ADDRESSING THE SOCIOECONOMIC ISSUES OF FORCIBLY DISPLACED PERSONS AND ITS LOCALIZATION IN ARMENIA / ԲՌՆԻ ՏԵՂԱՀԱՆՎԱԾՆԵՐԻ ՍՈՑԻԱԼ-ՏՆՏԵՍԱԿԱՆ ԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԻ ԿԱՐԳԱՎՈՐՄԱՆ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ՓՈՐՁԸ և ԴՐԱ ՏԵՂԱՅՆԱՑՈՒՄԸ ՀՀ-ՈՒՄ
Authors: HAKOBJANYAN ANNA , MIRZOYAN NARINE , HAYRAPETYAN DAVIT
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes global practices in addressing the socio-economic
challenges of forcibly displaced persons and explores how these can be localized
in Armenia, with a specific focus on forcibly displaced students from Artsakh. It
aims to identify key integration barriers faced by these students in higher
education, including socio-economic hardships, legal and citizenship issues, and
psychological well-being.
A resource-based model for integration was developed, and field surveys
involving over 200 Artsakh students were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed three main categories of challenges: socio-economic issues
(e.g., lack of housing, employment difficulties), social and interpersonal barriers
(e.g., negative societal attitudes toward displaced persons), and individual
psychological struggles (e.g., uncertainty about the future).
The study concludes that sustainable integration requires a coordinated
approach involving social support systems, legal protections, and tailored
educational programs. Further research will continue to explore these adaptation
processes and propose evidence-based policies.
By developing an interdisciplinary research tool, the study seeks to enhance
understanding of the socio-economic and psychological needs of forcibly
displaced students and improve long-term integration strategies.
ԹՎԱՅՆԱՑՄԱՆ ԵՎ ԹՎԱՅԻՆ ՓՈԽԱԿԵՐՊՄԱՆ ԻՆՍՏԻՏՈՒՑԻՈՆԱԼ ԵՎ ԿԱԶՄԱԿԵՐՊԱԿԱՆ ՀԻՄՔԵՐԸ ՀՀ ՊԵՏԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՀԱՄԱԿԱՐԳՈՒՄ / INSTITUTIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF DIGITALIZATION AND DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Authors: MELKUMYAN NAREK
Published: February 2025

This article presents the key institutional and organizational provisions and
mechanisms of digitization and digital transformation in the public administration system
of the Republic of Armenia. The main purpose of the article is to study and analyze the
legal mechanisms regulating digitization processes, as well as their organizational forms
and impact on increasing the efficiency of Armenia’s public administration system,
ensuring the accessibility of public services, and promoting economic development.
To achieve this goal, the article examines the current state and main trends of
digitization in the Armenian public administration system, taking into account the legal
and organizational foundations. In addition, it evaluates the effectiveness of the digital
tools used within public administration, identifies possible issues, and outlines solutions.
For a comprehensive understanding of the problem, the article applies comparative
and structural analysis methods, including the examination of legal and programmatic
documents, as well as the evaluation of completed initiatives.
The findings indicate that digitization and digital transformation processes are
actively evolving in Armenia and have gained significant importance in recent years,
contributing to the modernization of the public administration system and improving the
quality of life. The institutional and organizational foundations of these processes have
been established through state programs, legal reforms, and international cooperation.
Notably, the strategic programs and initiatives adopted by the Government of the
Republic of Armenia have outlined the main directions of digitization in the public
administration system and improved the legal framework in this field.
Nonetheless, targeted actions must continue, focusing on raising the digital literacy
of the population, strengthening interdepartmental cooperation, ensuring active public
engagement, and developing a robust cybersecurity system.
ՀՀ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԾՐԱԳՐԵՐՈՒՄ ՀԱՐԿԱՅԻՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԻՄՆԱԿԱՆ ԱՌԱՋՆԱՀԵՐԹՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՎԵՐԼՈՒԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ / ANALYSIS OF THE KEY PRIORITIES OF TAX POLICY IN THE GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS OF THE RA
Authors: PETROSYAN ANUSH
Published: February 2025

Tax policy is the one of main forces responsible for the development and economic
growth of the country. the significance of the tax policy is connected with the fact, that a
judiciously selected tax policy establishes numerous preconditions for fostering business
development and augmenting the gross domestic product within the country. This, in turn,
contributes to the enhancement of tax revenues for the state budget. Conversely, an
adverse scenario may precipitate the erosion of the foundational elements crucial for
sustained economic development. Hence, it is imperative to underscore the critical
necessity of vigilance and autonomous evaluation throughout the stages of formulation
and execution of tax policy. The significance of tax policy extends to its role in mitigating
the funding requirements of public debt, thereby buttressing financial and economic
freedom and independence of the country.
Constituting a pivotal and inseparable part of the state's economic policy, the
formulation and legislative underpinning of tax policy are derived from the programs
delineated by the government of the Republic of Armenia. In the context of the
development of entrepreneurial activities and attracting investments, the transparency
and predictability of the tax policy domain are of paramount importance. Equally crucial is the imperative for the policymaker and executor to demonstrate fairness in their actions
and decisions, adhering steadfastly to the principle of efficiency.
From this perspective, a critical examination of the tax policy stipulations outlined in
the programs of the Republic of Armenia government becomes imperative, given their
status as pivotal catalysts for business dynamics and the study of which is presented in
this article.
ԱՐՑԱԽՈՒՄ ԿԱՏԱՐՎԱԾ ՊԱՏԵՐԱԶՄԱԿԱՆ
ՀԱՆՑԱԳՈՐԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՀԱՄԱՐ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԻՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ
ՊԱՏԱՍԽԱՆԱՏՎՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՈՐՈՇ ՀԻՄՆԱՀԱՐՑԵՐ / SOME ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR WAR CRIMES COMMITED IN ARTSAKH
Authors: GRIGORYAN MARIAM , BEGLARYAN ROMAN
Published: February 2025

There are already important scientific developments on the study of provisions on
international criminal responsibility for war crimes, its institutional and legal mechanisms.
At the same time, the experience accumulated by specialists in international law, as well
as representatives of other scientific fields, in studying various issues of combating war
crimes, their prevention and responsibility is invaluable.
The purpose of the article is to examine the problems in the science of
international law related to the definition of war crimes. In addition, some issues of
international legal responsibility in the light of the Artsakh events were considered.
For this purpose, the war crimes committed by Azerbaijan in Artsakh, as well as
specific cases of violation of international law and international humanitarian law were
examined. The article analyzes the role of the International Criminal Court in bringing the
perpetrators of these war crimes to international legal responsibility. In addition, the study
examined certain aspects of international legal responsibility in light of the events in
Artsakh. During the research, the author applied both symmetrical (analysis, historical
principle) and special (comparative-legal) principles. As a result of the study, we have concluded that war crimes, which entail
international legal responsibility under international law, have been committed in Artsakh
at various times.
ԲՆԱԿԱՆ ԻՐԱՎՈՒՆՔԻ ԱԶԴԵՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀԱՅ ԻՐԱՎԱՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՈՒՍՄՈՒՆՔՆԵՐԻ ՎՐԱ / THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL LAW ON ARMENIAN LEGAL AND POLITICAL TEACHINGS
Authors: KOCHUBAEV ALEXANDER
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the prerequisites, course and results of the
development of the theory of natural law, to outline general theoretical and
methodological directions for the development of the doctrine of law and the state,
personality and civil society. To characterize the methodological foundations and
specifics of the development of the main natural law categories in the context of legal
doctrines, - to identify the main milestones in the historical development of ideas about
natural law and their features, and also to analyze the ways of solving natural law
problems in philosophical and legal concepts of various trends of Modern times.
The methodological foundations of the research are the principles of a
comprehensive analysis of political-legal and philosophical-legal doctrines. The study
used logical, comparative legal, as well as historical, legal and comparative methods of
cognition, which allowed the author to reveal the source of natural law ideas and their
essence.
In the course of the historical development of science in the system of teachings on
law and the state, as well as in the ethical teachings of go, originating from the natural or
divine order, or from the natural qualities of man, natural law acts as the basic concept. It
is within the framework of the doctrine of natural law that legal science tries to find an
answer to the question of the relationship between law and law, to understand that legal
principles and norms are a special form of actual social relations, a unified form, in which
there is an internal logic as an expression of the harmony of specific legal relations.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AS A DRIVER FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTEGRATED SOCIAL SERVICES / ԹՎԱՅԻՆ ՓՈԽԱԿԵՐՊՈՒՄԸ ՈՐՊԵՍ ԻՆՏԵԳՐՎԱԾ ՍՈՑԻԱԼԱԿԱՆ ԾԱՌԱՅՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԱՐԴՅՈՒՆԱՎԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԲԱՐՁՐԱՑՄԱՆ ԳՐԱՎԱԿԱՆ
Authors: AGHAJANYAN MARTIN
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to explore the impact of digitalization on social
protection systems, with a focus on how it improves service delivery mechanisms,
efficiency, and accessibility. While the benefits of digital transformation are clear,
the full digitalization of social services presents challenges for developing
countries, and existing industry research insufficiently clarifies the intricate
consequences of this phenomenon. This article seeks to address this gap by
examining the benefits of digitalization, such as enhanced efficiency and
accessibility, while also analyzing challenges, including the risks of digital
exclusion and data privacy violations.
The research employed analytical, synthetic, inductive, and deductive
methods.
The article elucidates the advantages and obstacles of delivering digital
services, specifically emphasizing the unified social service of the Republic of
Armenia. The article's novelty stems from its holistic approach, integrating global
trends in digital transformation with the digitalization necessities of the USS. It
underscores the determinants of successful digitalization, including legal reforms,
enhanced digital literacy, and upgraded infrastructure, which should influence
decision-makers and implementers.
THE EVOLUTION OF GEORGIA-RUSSIA RELATIONS (2003-2008): A SWOT ANALYSIS OF GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS, ECONOMIC PRESSURES AND STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES / ՎՐԱՍՏԱՆ-ՌԴ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԷՎՈԼՅՈՒՑԻԱՆ (2003-2008ԹԹ), ԱՇԽԱՐՀԱՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ԼԱՐՎԱԾՈՒԹՅԱՆ, ՏՆՏԵՍԱԿԱՆ ՃՆՇՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ԵՎ ՌԱԶՄԱՎԱՐԱԿԱՆ ՀՆԱՐԱՎՈՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ SWOT ՎԵՐԼՈՒԾՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ
Authors: GHAZARYAN KAREN
Published: February 2025

This article examines the evolution of relations between Georgia and the
Russian Federation, particularly in the period leading up to the "Five-Day" War,
which significantly changed the dynamics of relations between the two nations.
Focusing on the period following Georgia's Rose Revolution in 2003, the study
analyzes the changing nature of bilateral relations, the influencing factors and
challenges faced by both sides amid changing geopolitical developments.
The purpose of the study is to understand how Georgia navigated the
complex geopolitical landscape, balancing its aspirations for NATO and EU
membership with its ongoing territorial disputes with Russia. The central research
question is: How did Georgia’s foreign policy during 2003-2008 address its
geopolitical vulnerabilities and opportunities in the face of Russian opposition?
The study applies a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities,
and Threats) methodology to evaluate Georgia’s foreign policy decisions in this
critical period, considering both internal and external factors. The findings
highlight the strategic importance of Georgia’s geographic location and political
reforms but also reveal significant vulnerabilities, including unresolved territorial
conflicts and dependence on Western support without formal security guarantees.
The conclusion emphasizes that while Georgia sought to leverage its
democratic reforms and geopolitical significance, it remained constrained by the
power dynamics of the region, particularly Russia’s influence, which culminated in
the 2008 Russo-Georgian War. This analysis provides insights into the
complexities of small states navigating regional power structures and the
importance of strategic diplomacy and military readiness.
ԿԵՆՍԱԷԹԻԿԱՆ ԺԱՄԱՆԱԿԱԿԻՑ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԳԻՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՄԱԿԱՐԳՈՒՄ. ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՊԱՏԱՍԽԱՆԱՏՎՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՁԵՎԱՎՈՐՄԱՆ ԿԵՆՍԱԷԹԻԿԱՆ ԵՎ ԲԱՐՈՅԱԿԱՆ ՀՐԱՄԱՅԱԿԱՆՆԵՐԸ / BIOETHICS IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN POLITICAL SCIENCE: BIOETHICS AND MORAL IMPERATIVES OF FORMING POLITICAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors: VARDANYAN BAGRAT
Published: February 2025

The article aims to examine the political and ethical dimensions of bioethics through the
lens of political philosophy and procedural legitimacy. To achieve this, it explores societal
ethical perceptions of bioethical issues and the potential for implementing a legitimate
decision-making process.
The study was conducted by analyzing perspectives from professional literature,
employing methods such as analysis, comparison, induction, and deduction. The findings
suggest that the most effective approach to addressing bioethical challenges is to transition
from purely ethical considerations to ensuring procedural legitimacy—where policy decisions
are grounded in public debate, broad participation, and transparent, fair processes.
The article underscores that bioethics is no longer solely a professional discipline but a
socio-political issue of significant importance, necessitating the reinforcement of democratic
institutions. The development of health policies, advancements in molecular genetics, the use
of reproductive technologies, and modern biological research methods can no longer be
confined to the realm of specialized knowledge. Bioethics has extended beyond medicine and
biology, entering the public policy sphere due to the profound impact of biomedical
technologies and genetic engineering on healthcare systems, legal frameworks, and societal
perceptions of moral values.
As a result, bioethics has become a focal point of public discourse, engaging political
parties, governments, non-governmental organizations, and civil society. Without broad
participation and adherence to procedural legitimacy, decisions on bioethical issues risk
lacking legitimacy. Ensuring legitimacy requires participation, transparency, and procedural
consensus. Thus, the intersection of bioethics and politics manifests in the integration of
professional expertise, societal values, social stability, and democratic engagement.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. Astra International Tbk
Authors: Iszakia Hilfi Mela , Farida Ida , Amaliyah Fitri
Published: February 2025

Kinerja keuangan perusahaan menggambarkan kondisi keuangan yang dinilai dengan menggunakan berbagai alat analisis keuangan. Melalui analisis ini, kita dapat memahami dan mengevaluasi kondisi keuangan perusahaan selama periode tertentu, yang membantu dalam pengambilan keputusan dan perencanaan bisnis. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan selama adanya kasus manipulasi prosedur uji tabrak pada PT. Astra International Tbk dengan menggunakan data laporan keuangan tahun 2023. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan alat analisis rasio likuiditas, rasio solvabilitas, rasio profitabilitas, dan rasio aktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rasio likuiditas yang terdiri dari Current Ratio dan Quick ratio dalam kondisi kurang baik. Untuk rasio solvabilitas dilihat dari  Debt to Asset Ratio dalam kondisi kurang baik, sedangkan Debt to Equity Ratio dalam kondisi baik. Rasio profitabilitas yang teridiri dari Return On Investment dan Return On Equity dalam kondisi kurang baik. Rasio aktivitas yang terdiri dari Total Asset Turn Over dan Inventory Turn Over dalam kondisi kurang baik. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kinerja keuangan PT. Astra International Tbk cenderung kurang baik karena hasil perhitungan dari ke empat rasio berada di bawah standar rata-rata industri. Meskipun demikian, adanya manipulasi prosedur uji tabrak belum berdampak besar di tahun 2023, dan kemungkinan akan lebih berdampak pada tahun-tahun berikutnya.
Cicatriz: huella de una herida emocional causada por una quemadura
Authors: Valdez López Rebeca
Published: February 2025

La cantidad de niños que sufren una lesión no intencional por quemaduras es elevada en Jalisco, pareciera que aumenta a la par con el estrés cotidiano que se vive dentro de las familias; junto con la rutina que se crea en cada una las familias por su lucha para resolver los problemas que encaran día a día, como los problemas económicos, dificultades en la comunicación, la violencia, el hacinamiento, familias con mayor número de hijos y, a su vez, padres de familia de corta edad. Algunas o la mayoría de estas circunstancias enfrentan las familias, que también viven acostumbradas a las carencias de todo tipo de servicios de primera necesidad, como luz, gas, instalaciones sanitarias, medios de transporte. Es importante tener conocimiento de lo que conlleva el sufrir cualquier tipo de carencias dentro de una familia.
El momento de sufrir una quemadura es difícil de afrontar para los padres de familia, por todos los cambios a los que se tienen que ajustar, además de sentir en algunas ocasiones sentimientos de culpa, desesperanza, impotencia, incertidumbre, enojo, entre tantas emociones que afectan su proceso de ajuste ante la quemadura que sufrió su hijo. A través de las formas de acompañamiento psicológico temprano que se le ofrecen al paciente hospitalizado en la Unidad de Atención Integral a Niños con Quemaduras y a sus familias, se observan cambios significativos en sus reacciones emocionales. En este capítulo se aborda este evento y se comentan las acciones que se realizan durante el tiempo de hospitalización y las que se deberían implementar al egreso.
Avaliação na Educação Infantil: Reflexões sobre a prática e seus pressupostos
Authors: Brasil Carlos Rafael Monteiro
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho configura-se como um relato de experiência no âmbito do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), Subprojeto Pedagogia da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (FACED/UFAM). O PIBID 2022-2024 foi desenvolvido em parceria com um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI) na cidade de Manaus/AM. Procurando compreender as implicações teóricas e legais das práticas avaliativas observadas no PIBID, trabalho divide-se em duas seções principais: a primeira trata dos aspectos teóricos e dos marcos legais no que dizem respeito à avaliação na etapa pré-escolar, enquanto a segunda trata do relato de experiência em si. Conclui-se que os equívocos observados são decorrentes de uma exigência do sistema educacional para uma preparação das crianças para o Ensino Fundamental.
Redefining Teaching Competency in the Digital Age: The Contribution of TPACK
Authors: Archana Singh, Navita Malik
Published: February 2025

In the digital age, the traditional concept of teaching competency is undergoing major reformation owing to technology breakthroughs and shifting educational paradigms. The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework has developed as a critical approach for incorporating technology into the classroom. This study investigates the importance of TPACK in redefining teaching competency, focussing on its effects on pedagogical practices and overall teaching performance. The study demonstrates how TPACK enables educators to construct dynamic, interactive, and learner-centered settings by investigating the relationship between technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge. The research is a quasi-experiment design of a pretest and posttest control group.  A sample of 60 pupil teachers of the science stream, was selected using a purposive sampling technique. For intervention, TPACK-based lesson plans were used to teach the experimental group and the conventional method for the control group. A self-developed teaching competency scale was used to collect data. Statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation (SD) and t-test were used to provide meaningful interpretations, and conclusions of the investigation. The findings show that TPACK increases teachers' technical skills while enriching their pedagogical tactics, resulting in a more versatile and capable teaching workforce.
A review of relationship between sustainability and capital budgeting
Authors: Abhishek Jha
Published: February 2025

The integration of sustainability considerations into capital budgeting decisions is increasingly recognized as crucial for organizations striving to align financial investments with long-term environmental, social, and economic goals. This comprehensive literature review examines the intersection of sustainability and capital budgeting, encompassing key concepts, methodologies, challenges, and opportunities. Drawing upon a wide range of scholarly articles, case studies, and industry reports, this review provides insights into current practices, emerging trends, and future directions in sustainable capital budgeting. The review has been divided into multiple sections. In one section, all the reviews which identify current lacunae in sustainability incorporation in capital budgeting has been provided. In another section, logical reasons to incorporate sustainability have been discussed and emphasized upon. The third section discusses aspects of sustainability which have already been considered in the capital budgeting process. The fourth section discusses aspects of sustainability incorporated indirectly into cost of capital which is related to capital budgeting. Finally, the paper discusses research gaps and scope of future research.
Public vs. Private Sector CSR in India: A Study of Educational Initiatives and their Impact
Authors: Varini Bhardwaj, Sony Kulshrestha
Published: February 2025

Today's business climate and stakeholders' increased expectations necessitate effective CSR initiatives that yield bigger returns. In addition to the government, investors, and consumers, the community also emerges as a significant stakeholder, as they grant the company the necessary license to function. The businesses already know that to continue operating, they must continue to meet the needs of the communities that surround them. Effective CSR initiatives help businesses recruit, retain, and inspire staff members. By improving their standard of living, raising their income, and helping them become corporate citizens, CSR practices help the community. Through the encouragement of the private sector to get more involved in social missions, corporate social responsibility serves as a means of advancing ethical business practices. Using a small sample of organisations, the article aims to demonstrate CSR practices in the public and private sectors in the Indian setting. The company's yearly sustainability reports provide reported information that is used as a secondary source of information for the research. According to the findings, private sector businesses are investing more in CSR and community service, and they are doing so in a more strategic way than public sector organisations, which primarily concentrate on meeting the needs of the community based on issues.
МАКЕТ РАСЧЕТА ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЙ НАГРУЗКИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ "КРИВОЙ НОРМАЛЬНОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ / LAYOUT FOR CALCULATING THE TRAINING LOAD USING THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION CURVE
Authors: Sanosyan H. A. , Galstyan A. P. , Petrosyan A. N.
Published: February 2025

The necessity of increasing the controllability of the pro-cess is justified, which is achieved by using the patterns of en-ergy supply at the level of biochemical mechanisms that allow for detailing from 8 to 12 qualitative zones compared with the classical case (zone 6).
The aim of the study is to improve the methodology for calculating sports load in water-cyclic sports on the example of sports swimming based on the level of biochemical mechanisms.
ՇԱՐԺՈՒՄՆԵՐԻ ՃՇԳՐՏՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ. ԷՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԵՎ ԿԱՐԵՎՈՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՄԱՐԴՈՒ ԳՈՐԾՈՒՆԵՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՄԵՋ ԵՎ ՍՊՈՐՏՈՒՄ / ACCURACY OF MOVEMENTS: THE ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE IN HUMAN ACTIVITY AND SPORTS
Authors: Khachatryan Kh. Kh.
Published: February 2025

In recent years, due to socio-economic and technologi-cal changes, the accuracy of human movements has be-come a key issue. Dictated by the requirements of the latest technologies and the nature of the work, rigid movements are replaced by smoother ones. In parallel with this, the modern world has begun to move faster and it is necessary to bring human movements to such a pace, and the accu-racy of movements plays an important role. This is precise-ly the basis for revisiting this topic.
We believe that it is timely and relevant to reveal the results of past and current scientific research on the accu-racy of movements, which can provide new information about different aspects of this issue.
ԸՄԲԻՇՆԵՐԻ ԿՈՆԴԻՑԻՈՆ ԸՆԴՈՒՆԱԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԲԱՐԵԼԱՎՈՒՄԸ ՇՐՋԱՆԱՁԵՎ ՄԱՐԶՄԱՆ ՄԻՋՈՑՈՎ / IMPROVING THE CONDITIONING ABILITIES OF WRESTLERS THROUGH CIRCULAR TRAINING
Authors: Harutyunyan V. Kh. , Stepanyan A. G. , Harutyunyan Kh. T. , Hasratyan V. B.
Published: February 2025

The relevance of this research is determined by the fact that circular training effectively enhances conditional abilities, which are crucial for achieving high athletic performance in wrestling. The purpose of the study is to develop an effective circular training methodology aimed at improving the conditioning abilities of freestyle wrestlers aged 18-20. Circuit training is one of the most effective methods for organizing the training process. In wrestling, circuit training is most commonly conducted using the high-intensity interval meth-od and the progressive resistance method. To improve conditional abilities, it is recommended to perform at least two cir-cuit training sessions per week.
Giocare con i binomi assieme all'Intelligenza Artificiale: una nuova rubrica tra esperienza e innovazione
Authors: Tommasini Alberto
Published: February 2025

Ogni gioco è una crescita che ci insegna la sinergia tra l’esperienza emozionale e quella fatta di tecnica e capacità. Possiamo solo apprendere, basandoci sulla nostra esperienza, il ragionamento clinico e la conoscenza, con il supporto dell’IA: a servizio dell’assistenza
La dipendenza da dispositivi elettronici nei bambini e negli adolescenti
Authors: Tessa Chiara , Giannessi Maddalena , Berloffa Stefano
Published: February 2025

Internet addiction and, more specifically, Internet gaming disorder is a pathological condition, recently defined, particularly prevalent in adolescence. The article describes this form of behavioural addiction by analysing its temporal roots, predisposing factors and clinical features; finally, it focuses on some advice that, conveyed by the paediatrician, may reach families who feel the need to limit their children’s use of digital devices, intervening before a full-blown disorder is structured.
Causal Relationship Between Air Pollutants and Blood Pressure Phenotypes: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhu Xianshang , Mao Huabo , Zeng Hongyu , Lv Fengli , Wang Jiancheng
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Hypertension is a chronic disease widely prevalent around the world. While previous observational studies have suggested a link between air pollutants and an increased risk of hypertension, causality has not been established. Our study aimed to investigate potential causal relationships between five air pollutants and four blood pressure phenotypes through two-sample Mendelian randomization.
Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from the IEU OpenGWAS project. The main analysis method was the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q test, while pleiotropy was assessed by MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analysis was performed by weighted median method, MR-Egger method, simple mode method, weighted mode method, and leave-one-out analysis method.
Results: Mendelian randomization results showed positive causal associations between PM10 with hypertension (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.06, 2.09; P: 2.23 × 10–2) and systolic blood pressure (β: 1.89; 95%CI: 0.32, 3.47; P: 1.85 × 10–2), positive causal associations between PM2.5 and hypertension (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.01, 2.58; P: 4.30 × 10–2), and negative causal ibetween NO2 and systolic blood pressure (β: –1.71; 95%CI: –3.39, –0.02; P: 4.74 × 10–2). None of the above associations were subject to pleiotropic bias, and all associations were heterogeneous except for PM10 and hypertension. The leave-one-out analysis showed that no single SNP affected the stability of the results.
Conclusion: Elevated levels of PM2.5 and PM10 have been associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension, with PM10 specifically linked to higher systolic blood pressure levels. Interestingly, NO2 has shown potential as a protective factor in lowering systolic blood pressure. This study clarifies the causal relationship between five air pollutants and elevated blood pressure. Ensuring good ambient air quality is essential in preventing hypertension and reducing the overall disease burden.
Rezension von: Schneider, Michael, Naturgeschichte Allgäu
Authors: Wolf Reinhard , Schneider Michael
Published: February 2025

Michael F. Schneider: Naturgeschichte Allgäu (Geologie, Biogeografie, Flora, Fauna, Naturschutz) Verlag Regionalkultur Ubstadt-Weiher 2024 (5. Aufl.). 620 Seiten mit ca. 2.500 Abb. Paperback 49,80 €. ISBN 978-3-95505-458-8
In vitro Biological efficacy and in silico assessment of anti-lung cancer activity of Acalypha fruticosa Forssk.
Authors: Varadharasu Panjatcharam , Annadurai Pushparaj , Sundarrajan Balamurugan , Dhandayuthapani Kandavel
Published: February 2025

Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. is an evergreen rigid shrub predominantly found in the Siriya Kalvarayan hill region of the Eastern Ghats of India. A. fruticosa is used by tribal communities for various purposes, including the treatment of skin diseases, wounds, stomachaches, and poisonous insect and snake bites. The present study reported promising pharmacological properties of A. fruticosa, which has antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The plant extract showed substantial antioxidant activity by inhibiting DPPH and ABTS radicals by 80% and 75%, respectively, at a 100 µg/mL concentration. The plant leaf extract exhibited significant inhibition of lung cancer cells (A549 cells) with an IC50 of 57.0 µg/mL while maintaining 80% cell viability in normal Vero cells at 100 µg/mL. The ethanolic leaf extract of A. fruticosa possesses 48% anti-inflammatory efficacy. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified around 44 individual volatile compounds in the ethanolic leaf extract. Using the SwissTarget database, compounds from the extract were screened for their binding ability to specific receptors associated with lung cancer (ERβ, COX-2, HER-2, and mTOR). Specific anti-cancer compounds, such as 1,2-Cyclohexanedione and 1,5-Hexadien-3-ol, demonstrated significant binding energy for the chosen receptors.1,5-Hexadien-3-ol, 3-methyl-6(methylthio)-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-, (E,E)- showed particularly noteworthy binding energy for all selected lung cancer receptors compared to other phytocompounds. Further identification of specific bioactive compounds and their interaction with lung cancer receptors will provide valuable insights into the plant's potential for developing therapeutic agents.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЙ ОЦЕНКИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО ИНКЛЮЗИВНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: БОНДАРЕВА Я.Ю. , БОРЗЕНКОВА Н.С. , МИХАЙЛИЧЕНКО М.Ю.
Published: February 2025

В статье исследуется влияние инклюзивного экономического роста на развитии региональных экономических систем. Авторами проведен обзор зарубежных и отечественных подходов в определении инклюзивного экономического роста. По результатам исследования предложено авторское определение инклюзивного экономического роста. Особое внимание в статье уделяется результатам сравнительного анализа инклюзивного экономического роста по странам-членам ЕАЭС. Предложен подход к оценке устойчивого инклюзивного развития региональных систем, заключающийся в использовании трех группы показателей. Изучены основные направления национальных проектов и обобщены национальные цели долгосрочного развития, нацеленные на инклюзивность и устойчивый экономический рост.

The paper examines the impact of inclusive economic growth on regional economic systems in Asia. The authors reviewed international and domestic approaches to inclusive economic growth and, based on the results of the study, the author proposed a definition of inclusive economic growth. Particular attention is paid to the results of a comparative analysis of inclusive economic growth in the EAEU member states. They proposed approach to assessment includes inclusive development of regional systems, which consists in using three groups of indicators. The main areas of national projects are studied and long-term development goals aimed at inclusiveness and sustainable economic growth are summarized.
From code to quality: How AI is transforming quality management in Algerian startups
Authors: MILI Khaled , BENGANA Ismail , Zighed Rahma , Mekimah SABRI
Published: February 2025

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing quality management practices within Algerian startups, focusing specifically on how AI-driven business intelligence contributes to competitive advantage through quality improvements in emerging market contexts. The research employs quantitative methodology, utilizing structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) to analyze data collected from 357 Algerian startups. The study implements a comprehensive measurement framework incorporating quality management practices, AI implementation status, and competitive advantage indicators, validated through confirmatory factor analysis. The analysis reveals that quality management supported by artificial intelligence has a moderate positive impact on competitive advantage (correlation coefficient 0.346, p < 0.001). Organizations implementing AI-enabled quality management systems achieved a 52.4% improvement in overall quality metrics. Customer response capability scored highest among quality dimensions (mean score 2.86), while product-market alignment showed room for improvement (mean score 2.53). The research identified three critical areas of AI integration success: quality control automation, predictive quality management, and customer response systems. The study provides actionable insights for startups in emerging markets implementing AI-driven quality management systems. The findings suggest a staged approach to technology adoption, emphasizing the importance of foundational quality management practices before advanced AI integration. Results indicate that successful implementation requires balanced investment in both technological infrastructure and organizational capabilities. While Algerian startups demonstrate awareness of and commitment to AI-enabled quality management, with 50.8% showing a positive disposition toward adoption, actual implementation remains at moderate levels. The study highlights significant opportunities for enhancement in quality management through strategic AI integration, particularly in emerging market contexts where technological infrastructure and resource constraints present unique challenges.