bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Reading Materials Based on the Student’s Multiple Intelligence Types for Junior High School Students
Authors: Setyowati Hanie Ika , Sugirin Sugirin
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Students are unique with their characteristics and differences. In line with the current learning paradigm, learner-centered paradigm, teaching and learning process places greater emphasis on individuality. One of the differences is multiple intelligence types possessed by all individuals resulting in various ways of learning. Learning materials, one of the learning resources, ideally have to accommodate the students’ multiple intelligence types. However, the current learning materials contain neither sufficient reading texts nor tasks fostering their multiple intelligence types that happen in every classroom. Thus, this research intends to develop reading materials based on multiple intelligence to accommodate students’ intelligence. This research belongs to research and development of which steps are conducting a needs analysis, developing the product, getting an expert judgement, trying-out the materials and revising the product (Gall, Gall & Borg, 2007). In order to develop the appropriate reading materials that meet the students’ needs, a needs analysis was initially conducted. The needs analysis was conducted in five junior high schools in Magelang district including state and private schools. The data of the needs analysis were obtained by distributing questionnaires which were used as the consideration in developing the materials. Then, the materials developed were validated by material and learning experts before being tried out at SMP N 1 Windusari, Magelang to complete and to perfect the materials. From the data analysis, the average score of the appropriateness of the content, the language, the presentation and the design of the materials was 3.54 which was classified as “very good” and “appropriate” to be implemented. Furthermore, the result indicated that the materials also fulfilled the criteria of good materials, for instance, considering that students are different. Thus, teachers and educational stakeholders should develop learning materials catering to the students’ multiple intelligence types to accommodate their differences.Key words: reading materials, differences, multiple intelligence
Hacia una poética del espacio íntimo en cinco cuentos de Amparo Dávila
Authors:   , Cendejas Corzo Luis Federico
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tiene dos objetivos fundamentales: El primero de ellos es estudiar y profundizar en el conocimiento de la narrativa de Amparo Dávila desde una perspectiva literaria, para generar interpretaciones y argumentos que faciliten el entendimiento de su obra, tomando como base las teorías literarias del espacio, la semiótica y la crítica especializada producida alrededor de la autora, amén de trabajos relacionados con la experiencia estética de los lectores. El segundo es realizar una observación analítica que ayude a la comprensión del espacio y, en específico, del espacio íntimo-doméstico y su función en los cuentos que nos ocupan. Lo anterior permitirá generar una reflexión literaria y artística que profundice en los conocimientos semióticos del espacio en la narrativa de la autora zacatecana, que propicien la búsqueda y el hallazgo de una poética del espacio. De ahí el título de la tesis, Hacia una poética del espacio íntimo en cinco cuentos de Amparo Dávila.
Atypical pathogen infection of respiratory system
Authors: Sybilski Adam J.
Published: April 2021

The frequency of respiratory infections, especially atypical pneumonia, is increasing significantly. Most often, atypical pneumonia is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. Human is the only reservoir of these atypical bacteria. The infection occurs via droplets or direct contact with a sick person or convalescent. Pneumonia of the etiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae most often affects children without comorbidities and is usually mild, while most patients with Legionella infection require intensive care treatment. Symptoms of mycoplasma infection can range from mild symptoms in the upper respiratory tract to pneumonia and extrapulmonary symptoms. The infection is often underdiagnosed, and patients usually do not seek medical attention and treatment. Chlamydial pneumonia is, in most cases, mild, similar to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and tends to heal itself. The drugs of choice in the treatment of atypical pneumonia are macrolides, and because of the best compliance in children – azithromycin.
Mirabegron add-on therapy to tamsulosin for the treatment of overactive bladder in men with lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Wiatr Tomasz , Chłosta Piotr
Published: April 2021

Men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) treated with α-blockers may experience overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms and receive antimuscarinic drugs. Mirabegron (B3-adrenoreceptor agonist) is an alternative add-on therapy, that has been shown to be more effective than placebo in improving OAB symptoms. Superior results observed for tamsulosin plus mirabegron in mean volume voided per micturition, urgency episodes per day, and total urgency and frequency score. Higher rates of drug related treatment emergent adverse events were noted with tamsulosin plus mirabegron. The results of PLUS reveal the utility of mirabegron and tamsulosin therapy in the treatment of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia who developed symptoms of overactive bladder. The MATCH study confirmed that combination therapy for 12 weeks in men with symptoms of LUTS and OAB was more effective than placebo and was well tolerated.
Effectiveness and safety of modern treatment against nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Authors: Hajac Łukasz , Hajac Martyna , Maciejczyk Adam
Published: April 2021

Nausea and vomiting are one of most frequent side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Effective prevention and treatment of these symptoms is essential for better quality of life for patients undergoing oncological therapies. Nausea and vomiting can be acute, delayed or anticipatory. Leading mechanisms and methods of treatment are different for each of those. Most often used groups of drugs are: 5-HT3-antagonists, glucocorticosteroids, NK1-antagonists. Another important group are neuroleptics, which are therapy of choice for anticipatory vomiting. Modern antiemetic medications are in most cases safe and effective. But as every treatment it causes risks of adverse events which may be serious and difficult to manage. It applies in particular to long-acting drugs. Most common side effects are headache, constipation and sedation. But more severe or life-threatening symptoms may appear, like intestinal obstruction and serotonin syndrome. Some of the drugs also come with risk of interacting with other treatment. Changes in pharmacokinetics may lead to additional toxicities. In elderly, especially with cardiac disease, in risk of ileus or cachexia these drugs shall be used with caution.
Nuclear Power Plants Pre-operational Radiological Monitoring Mapping for the Coastal Boarders and Islands of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Authors: Almeqbali Ali S. , Karani George , El-Mongy Sayed A
Published: April 2021

In the light of the peaceful nuclear power plants (NPPs) project of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the operation license has been issued and the first unit is being in commercial operation. This work deals mainly with radiological surveillance of the coastal boarder and some Islands of UAE as a baseline reference natural and artificial radioactivity mapping. Ultra-sensitive hyper pure Germanium (HpGe) detector was used to carry out the non-destructive gamma measurements. The area of study was divided into; Abu Dhabi region, northern emirates and islands. About 85 soils, shore sediment and water samples were collected based on the scientific sampling mechanism. The samples were analyzed for X-ray diffraction mineralogy (XRD). The radioactivity in Bq/kg of the natural 238U(226Ra), 232Th and 40K were calculated for all the collected samples. The artificial 137Cs was also observed in very low activity. The hazard indices were also calculated and found to be less than the recommended international and regional limits. The correlations between the measured radioisotopes were also depicted. The results were compared, presented and given in 3D histograms.
Lectura en y a través de las disciplinas: la comprensión de géneros académicos escritos. Una exploración al ámbito desde algunas teorías y modelos de comprensión del discurso escrito
Authors: Sologuren Insta Enrique , Castillo Fadić María Natalia
Published: April 2021

La comprensión textual es una de las tareas sociocognitivas más complejas y una habilidad fundamental en nuestra sociedad actual (Parodi, 2005), en particular, en las comunidades de práctica académicas y profesionales (Hyland, 2012), donde la lectura se transforma en una vía de acceso, adquisición, construcción del conocimiento e incorporación a comunidades específicas (Wineburg, 1998; Yore, Bisanz y Hand, 2003). El objetivo de este artículo es indagar en el proceso de comprensión de textos académicos y disciplinares. Para esto se analizan las propuestas y modelos teóricos sobre la comprensión del discurso especializado, tales como Kintsch (1998), la Escuela Lingüística de Valparaíso (Parodi, 2005; 2011; 2014; Ibáñez, 2007b; 2008; Parodi, Peronard & Ibáñez, 2010), McNamara (2004), McNamara & Kintsch (1996), Goldman, Braasch, Wiley,  Graesser y Brodowinska (2012). Con ello, se espera contribuir a la conformación de un estado de la cuestión para entender qué significa comprender textos en las disciplinas y dar cuenta de su procesamiento.
La dimensión emocional en la educación poética como clave para mejorar las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la poesía
Authors: Zaldívar Sansuán Raquel
Published: April 2021

Las aportaciones más interesantes a la educación literaria y a la didáctica de la poesía que se han dado en los últimos tiempos apuntan a la consideración de la dimensión emocional presente en ellas. La investigación que presentamos busca conocer cómo cambian las actitudes de los adolescentes hacia la poesía al utilizar un enfoque emocional en el diseño de un proyecto sobre poesía.  Se recoge la información a través de un cuestionario previo y un cuestionario posterior al desarrollo del proyecto “Hablemos con la poesía”, que realizan 54 estudiantes de 2º ESO en el IES Gran Capitán de Madrid. En general, las actitudes hacia la poesía mejoran tras una semana utilizando un enfoque emocional, y los participantes manifiestan una actitud positiva hacia el proyecto.
The Formation of Race and Disability in Philip Kan Gotanda’s I Dream of Chang and Eng
Authors: Selim Yasser Fouad
Published: April 2021

Philip Kan Gotanda’s I Dream of Chang and Eng (2011) is a fictional imagining of the lives of the conjoined Siamese twins Chang and Eng who lived in the United States in the nineteenth century (1811-1874). The play dramatizes the twins’ ascent from monstrosity to social acceptance. Gotanda draws on the transformation of the twins’ status from the exotic poor aliens to the naturalized Americans who own plantations and black slaves and are married to white women at a time in which naturalization of ethnic immigrants was prohibited and interracial marriage was a taboo. This study utilizes Michael Omi and Howard Winant’s racial formation theory and a disability studies framework to analyze Gotanda’s play, proposing that the mutation of the image of Chang and Eng and the redefinition of their disability provide early examples of America’s paradoxical treatment of race and body to serve cultural, national, and political tendencies. The intersection between race and disability in the case of Chang and Eng questions, disturbs, and alters racial and body hierarchies, and confirms that both race and disability are social constructs that take different shapes and meanings in different socio-political contexts.
“I Have This Kind of Grief for the Earth”: A.S. Byatt’s Ecopoetics in Ragnarök, “Thoughts on Myth” and “Sea Story”
Authors: Cheira Alexandra
Published: April 2021

A.S. Byatt has expressed deep misgivings regarding the role which the human species has played in mis/shaping the natural world due to the wilful blindness which guides human behaviour in this respect. In fact, Byatt has focussed on the destruction of the planet caused by greedy and environmentally-unaware human beings in fictional texts such as Ragnarök: The End of the Gods (2011) or “Sea Story” (2013), as well as in critical pieces such as “Thoughts on Myth” (2011). Hence, I am particularly interested in investigating how Byatt’s texts have been shaped by environmental concerns, as expressed in both her fiction and her critical work. My reading of Byatt’s ecopoetics will therefore be set within the theoretical framework of ecocriticism. Finally, I will also examine Byatt’s argument that in a way her early fictional work was “a questioning quarrel” with her former Cambridge teacher F.R. Leavis’s, whose “vision and values” she nevertheless “inherit[s] and share[s]” (Passions of the Mind, 2) in light of Leavis’s discussion of “the organic community” as proto-ecocritical writing.
Hemp Shives as Natural Amendments in Crops of Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and Flax (Linum usitatissimum)
Authors: Stingu Alina , Tanase Corneliu , Popa Valentin I.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using hemp shives as natural amendments in a phytoremediation sequence. Thus, plant growth tests were conducted for rapeseed (Brassica napus) and flax (Linum usitatissimum) in vegetation pots with sandy soil. These were seeded in a cadmium artificial contaminated environment with or without hemp shives. The efficiency of hemp shives as natural amendments was evaluated after 40 days of initiating experimental model, by evaluation of plant growth and development of plants through biometric and gravimetric measurements. Also, the concentration of assimilatory pigments was determined. In order to establish bioaccumulation capacity, degree of recovery and translocation factor, it was determined the concentration of cadmium metal ions absorbed in various parts of rapeseed and flax plants. It has been found that the development of the root system is more pronounced in the presence of hemp shives both in contamination with cadmium ions and in the absence. By determining cadmium concentrations accumulate in various parts of the plant have been shown that supplementing growth media with hemp shives, improves the bioaccumulation process of cadmium ions. According to the results, the hemp shives can be used as amendments in phytoremediation process, enhancing bioaccumulation process.
Parametric Study on the Spring-Back Effect in AA5052 Alloy in the Course of Three-Point Roll Bending Process
Authors: Shrinaath Viswanathan , Vairavignesh Ramalingam , Padmanaban Ramasamy
Published: April 2021

Three-point roll bending is one of the most common forming processes employed to obtain the desired radius of curvature in the sheet metal operations. Upon the removal of the forming load, the sheet metal deforms to a lesser extent than that of the required dimension. This phenomenon is termed as spring-back and is considered the most challenging areas of research in three-point roll bending of sheet metals. This study aims to develop a numerical model using HyperWorks and Radioss solver to understand the influence of load, the distance between the forming rollers, and its thickness on the spring-back effect in the course of three-point roll bending of sheet metal (AA5052). The results of the numerical model are validated with the results of the experimental trials. Besides, a statistical model is developed to relate the amount of spring-back with the three-point roll bending process parameters.
A mixture of β-Glucan and Mannanoligosaccharide Ameliorated the Growth Rate, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Morphometry, and Immunity of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Magouz Fawzy I. , Salem Mahmoud F.I. , Emara Aliaa E.I. , Hassan Mohamed M. , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: April 2021

The feasible strategies to keep up the growth and wellbeing of aquatic organisms by using beneficial dietary additives are highly recommended. Among these additives, β-glucan (BG) and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) were examined on common carp performances in the current experiment. For 80 days, carps were fed four diets with 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% BG/MOS (1:1) and distributed in four groups (triplicates). Higher final weight and weight gain (P<0.05) were detected in carps fed 1%, 2%, and 3% of BG/MOS than the control group. The feed conversion ratio showed lower values (P<0.05) in carps fed BG/MOS mixture at 2%, and 3% than 0% and 1% levels. The activities of amylase, lipase, and protease were higher in fish fed BG/MOS mixture than in the control group. Interestingly, fish fed BG/MOS mixture had markedly increased villi length and width with branched villi integrity. Further, the count of goblet cells was increased (P<0.05) in groups fed BG/MOS mixture than in carps fed the basal diet. The hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the counts of red and white blood cells were higher in carps fed BG/MOS mixture than the control with the highest counts in 3% level. Additionally, the blood total protein, globulin, and phagocytic activity were higher (P<0.05) in groups that received BG/MOS mixture at 3% than the control. The lysozyme had a higher value in 1% group than the control (P<0.05). Therefore, using the mixture of BG/MOS at 2–3% is suggested for improving the growth rate, intestinal health, blood health, and immunity of common carp.
Phosphate Solubilization Potentials of Rhizosphere Fungi Isolated from Insecticide Treated Soil
Authors: Oladapo Babatide Olufemi , Ekundayo Esther Aanuoluwa , Mokoolu Mariam Olukemi , Ekundayo Fatuyi Olanipekun
Published: April 2021

Insecticides are used widely to control a variety of pests and often residues of these insecticides are left in soil which may have impact on the phosphate solubilization potentials of rhizosphere fungi. Rhizosphere soils were collected from carefully uprooted cowpea seedlings with hand trowel on 50, 70 and 90th days of germination containing the lambda-cyhalothrin and dimethoate insecticides. Fungi associated with the above samples were identified by standard microbiological techniques. Screening for phosphate solubilization potential of the isolates was done by spot inoculation on Pikovskaya agar by measuring the clear zones around the colonies supplemented with tricalcium phosphates [Ca3(PO4)2]. The phosphatase produced by the fungal species was optimized using parameters such as incubation time, pH, temperature, carbon source and nitrogen source in submerged fermentation. The isolated rhizosphere fungi were identified as Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus, Trichoderma viride, Arthroderma fulvum and Fusarium oxysporum. Among the isolates, Trichoderma viride showed the best ability to solubilize phosphate with solubilization index of 2.82 with dimethoate of 12.5ml/L of water. The optimization study for the enzyme production showed that the best incubation time for phosphatase production was 72 hours by Trichoderma viride. It was observed that the optimum pH for production of phosphatase by Trichoderma viride was 6.5. This study suggests that all the isolated fungi especially Trichoderma viride can adapt to these insecticidal treatments, which make them useful as biofertilizers to increase uptake of phosphorous in plants.
Well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olutegbe Nathaniel Siji , Olawoye Janice Elaine , Oyesola Olutokunbo Birdies
Published: April 2021

The study investigated the well-being of rural households around Ikere-Gorge dam operated in South-western Nigeria. Ninety rural households were sampled in four communities, using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, means and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (at α0.05). Majority of the household heads were males (84.4%), married (86.7%), Christians (56.7%), had no or primary education (74.5%) with average age of 42.28 ± 7.63 years. Marginalization by government (91.1%), elite capture of support services (90.0%) and lack of extension services (83.3%) were rated major constraints to livelihood by majority. The dam served benefits such as availability of water for domestic use (x¯ = 2.83), improved socioeconomic development (x¯ = 2.56), and recreational and tourism services (x¯ = 2.42). Both quality of life (x¯ = 1.73) and health (x¯ = 1.88) indicators of well-being were generally low. Constraint to livelihood had a significant relationship (r = −0.323) with respondents’ overall well-being. The study concluded that households around dams are faced with multi-dimensional challenges at varying degrees, with negative implications for livelihood and well-being of rural households.
Occurrence and sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons in anthropogenic impacted soils from petroleum tank-farms in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Emoyan Onoriode O. , Ikechukwu Chiedu C. , Tesi Godswill O.
Published: April 2021

The occurrence and compositional pattern of priority pollutants are vital in understanding the anthropogenic contributions, origin, and risks of these pollutants to the surrounding environment. Thus, the focus of this study was to determine the concentrations, compositional profiles, and sources of aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHCs) in anthropogenic impacted soils from petroleum tank-farms environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Forty-five soil samples were collected from the vicinity of petroleum tank-farms at the top (0-15 cm), sub (15-30 cm), and bottom (30-45 cm) soil depths. The concentration of AHCs was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) after extraction by ultrasonication with hexane/dichloromethane and clean-up in silica gel/alumina packed column. The mean concentrations of AHCs in the samples ranged from 0.52 ± 0.90 to 35.26 ± 35.69 mg/kg. The AHCs results show that the equivalent carbon number index (ECn-) ECn-13-35 had the highest concentration when compared to ECn-8-12 and ECn-36-40. The linear regression and ANOVA indicate that there is no significant positive correlation between TOC and the total concentration of AHCs in the soil profiles, and a significant variation in AHCs levels between soil profiles respectively. Results also showed that soils from the tank-farms are moderately contaminated with AHCs when compared to the UNEP recommended limit. However, when compared to other regulatory thresholds, the observed concentrations of AHCs, human and environmental health risks are likely. Source apportionments depict that the principal sources of AHCs were petrogenic and plant diagenesis. Appropriate clean-up and mitigation measures and further study to determine the occurrence, composition, and exposure risks of other priority pollutants in water and sediment samples from the surrounding creeks should be determined.
Quantitative and qualitative basement of microbial presence during phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil using Chromolaena odorata
Authors: Omoregie Gloria Omorowa , Ogofure Abraham Goodness , Ikhajiagbe Beckley , Anoliefo Geoffrey Obinna
Published: April 2021

The presence and impact of bulk and rhizosphere microorganisms in contaminated soils can be huge, given that they have the ability to increase plants tolerance against abiotic stress, and also enhance plant growth, while supporting hastened remediation of disturbed soils. The present study quantitatively and qualitatively assessed presence of cultural fungi and bacteria during phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils using Chromolaena odorata. Stem cuttings of C. odorata were planted in soils polluted with Pb, Mn, Zn, Cd, and Cu at once (1ESC), thrice (3ESC) and five (5ESC) times their respective ecological screening concentrations (ESC). ESC of Pb, Mn and Zn is 50 mg/kg, Cd is 4 mg/kg, and Cu is 100 mg/kg. After 6 months, results showed that more than 10 species of bacteria and fungi were identified in the study, with P. aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis being the most occurring bacteria while, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus niger the most occurring fungi in both bulk and rhizospheric soils. The presence of known plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in plants rhizosphere including Azotobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, Clostridium sp., P. aeruginosa, and Klebsiella sp. was also reported.
“In a Sea of Wonders:” Eastern Europe and Transylvania in the Irish-Language Translation ofDracula
Authors: De Brún Sorcha
Published: April 2021

The publication of the Irish-language translation ofDraculain 1933 by Seán Ó Cuirrín was a landmark moment in the history of Irish-language letters. This article takes as its starting point the idea that language is a central theme inDracula.However, the representation of Transylvania in the translation marked a departure from Bram Stoker’s original. A masterful translation, one of its most salient features is Ó Cuirrín’s complex use of the Irish language, particularly in relation to Eastern European language, character, and landscapes. The article examines Ó Cuirrín’s prose and will explore how his approaches to concrete and abstract elements of the novel affect plot, character, and narration. The first section explores how Dracula is treated by Ó Cuirrín in the Irish translation and how this impacts the Count’s persona and his identity as Transylvanian. Through Ó Cuirrín’s use of idiom, alliteration, and proverb, it will be shown how Dracula’s character is reimagined, creating a more nuanced narrative than the original. The second section shows how Ó Cuirrín translates Jonathan Harker’s point of view in relation to Dracula. It shows that, through the use of figurative language, Ó Cuirrín develops the gothic element to Dracula’s character. The article then examines Ó Cuirrín’s translations of Transylvanian landscapes and soundscapes. It will show how Ó Cuirrín’s translation matched Stoker’s original work to near perfection, but with additional poetic techniques, and how Ó Cuirrín created a soundscape of horror throughout the entirety of the translation.
Evaluating the Level of Burnout among Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Makkai Kinga
Published: April 2021

The professional staff in human service institutions are often required to spend considerable time in intense involvement with other people. Frequently, the staff–client interaction is centered around the client’s current problems (psychological, social, and/or physical) and is therefore charged with feelings of anger, embarrassment, fear, or despair. Solutions for these problems are not always obvious and easily obtained, thus adding ambiguity and frustration to the situation. For the helping professional who works continuously with people under such circumstances, the chronic stress can be emotionally draining and poses the risk of burnout. Extensive literature highlighted that healthcare professionals’ work is relentlessly overloaded, emotionally overwhelming, escalating their private life, and thus favoring burnout development. In the present research, there was found a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the burnout level (Maslach HSS) of staff working in state hospitals and staff working in private hospitals. None of the other differences were significant: age (p = 0.155), gender (p = 0.083), work experience (p = 0.480), and job (p = 0.015).
Bending Failure Behavior of the Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite I-Beams Formed by a Novel Bending Pultrusion Processing Technique
Authors: Zhu Lvtao , Cao Shengbin , Zhang Xiaofeng , Li Lei
Published: April 2021

The glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite I-beams were designed and formed via a type of novel bending pultrusion processing technique, and the three-point bending tests were carried out to analyze the mechanical bending performances. The obtained results show that the main failure mode of the composite I-beam under the bending load is the upper structure (top flange) cracks along the length direction of the fibers, and the cracks simultaneously propagate downwards in the vertical direction. The bifurcated cracks can be found at the junction area between the top flange and web. In addition, the main bending failure mechanism of the composite I-beam includes the matrix cracking, propagation of cracks, and final fracture failure. In particular, noting that when the crack reaches the I-shaped neck position, the lateral bifurcation occurs, and the resulting secondary cracks further extend in two directions, which leads to the serious damage between the top flange and web, and the ultimate fracture failure occurs.
Oxidative stability of breast meat from broilers fed diets supplemented with synbiotic and organic acids
Authors: Elena Untea Arabela , Dumitra Panaite Tatiana
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotic and organic acids on oxidative stability of breast broiler meat. The experiment consists on 120, 2 days old Ross 308 chicks, housed in metabolic cages (6 chicks/cage). A 2 x 2 factorial arrangement was considered with 4 treatments and 5 replicates (30 animals per group). Two different levels of synbiotic (0 and 10 g/kg) and two different levels of organic acids (0 and 1.5 g/kg) were added to the standard diets in order to constitute the four experimental diets. For further analysis, breast meat from 6 animals per group were collected in 42nd experimental day. No significant differences were noticed for any oxidative parameter measured in breast samples except TBARS (significant decreased values for OA supplemented groups), at the end of experiment. After 4 days of refrigeration (4°C), the secondary oxidative products (panisidine, TBARS) were significant smaller for E groups, compared to C. After 7 days of refrigeration (4°C), the OA groups had significant smaller values for primary (CD) and secondary oxidation products. Synbiotic and organic acids supplements presented positive effect on meat quality by increasing oxidative stability of breast meat during storage.
Effects of dietary supplementation of alfalfa meal and rice bran on growth performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microbiota in broilers
Authors: Varzaru I. , Panaite T.D. , Untea A.E.
Published: April 2021

The composition of gastrointestinal tract microbiota can be changed by dietary manipulation, to prevent gut health issues and to promote animal performance. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of rice bran and alfalfa meal on growth performance and intestinal microbiota in broilers. A total of 252 Cobb 500 broilers, aged 14 days, were randomly assigned into 3 groups: control (CON), 5 % rice bran (RB), 5 % alfalfa meal (AM), and housed in an environment-controlled hall 42 days. Throughout the experimental period, grow performance parameters were monitored and at the end relative weights of internal organs were measured. Samples of intestinal content were collected for bacteriological determinations.

Feed intake, daily weight gain and viability were not significantly affected by the dietary supplements. Alfalfa meal and rice bran decreased the populations of Escherichia coli and staphylococci in small intestine content, and Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli and staphylococci in caecal content of broilers. The count of lactobacilli in both small intestine and caecal content registered a significantly increase in experimental groups, compared to CON group.

Supplementation of diets with rice bran and alfalfa meal tended to increase the population of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the potential pathogens.
Assessment of certain nitrogen metabolism indicators, enteric CH4 and CO2 emitted through manure related to different diets in barrow
Authors: Mihaela Hăbeanu , Anca Gheorghe , Aurelia Lefter Nicoleta , Arabela Untea , Lavinia Idriceanu , Felicia Ranta Mirela
Published: April 2021

The present work was planned to test the effects of 2 protein-oil rich ingredients which replaced an important part of classical soybean meal, on nitrogen (N) metabolism indicators. Simultaneous we aimed to assess performances, enteric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted through manure. A balance test was conducted with 15 barrows, 36 ± 0.24 Kg initial body weight, assigned in three groups in metabolism cages: 1. SC diet based on a classical diet (soybean meal, 13%); 2. SP diet based on peas Tudor variety 16% that replace 49% of SM; 3. SPF diet containing 8% soybean meal, 12% peas and 4% linseed Lirina variety. Faecal and urine were quantitatively collected in two balance periods. A semiautomatic Kjeldahl method was used for assessing the N. The Spotchem EZ SP-4430 was used for determining plasma protein and urea nitrogen (BUN). The regression equations were used to determine N metabolism indicators, CO2 emitted and enteric CH4. An increase of 1.16 times of feed intake was noticed in the SP group compared to SC. The lipid intake was slightly higher in the SP fed group which contributed to an increase of energy intake compared to SC group (>1.17 times) and vs SPL fed group (>1.2 times). The average daily gain (ADG) decreased highly significant in the SP diet compared to the SC diet. Linseed adds in SPL diet contributed to obtaining performances closed to SC group. SP diets increased the N level slightly in faeces and urine. BUN concentration has a linear relation with urinary N. CO2 emitted represent 28-32% of CO2 exhalation. CO2 increased in the SP diet (P<0.10) due to the fact that HP value increased as well. No significant influence was noticed for CH4 estimated value, although a slight increase was observed in the SP diet. In conclusion, although certain N metabolism indicator was affected by peas diet, only a little part was significantly modified. An oil-rich ingredient such as linseed could successfully complement peas by diminishing its adverse effects.
The locality of Trapa natans L. within the region of Międzyodrze – dangers and protection perspective (the Lower Oder Valley, West Pomerania)
Authors: Kowalski Wojciech W. A. , Wróbel Mariola , Jurzyk-Nordlöw Sylwia
Published: April 2021

Research on a critically endangered and protected population of Trapa natans was carried out during growing season in 2016 at the site located on the Obnica channel within the region of Międzyodrze. It is a location that is close to the one indicated in historical sources by Winkelmann over 120 years ago. The post-war research did not confirm presence of this species within the region of Międzyodrze despite favourable biological conditions. The sites were declared relict and documented only in stratigraphy of peat deposits, detritus gyttja and bottom mineral sediments. Recently, an assessment of the population and habitat status were carried out. The appropriate indicators of the species status were examined according to the methodology of Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection. The floristic composition of Trapetum natantis association patches found within the researched site were analysed, reed bed associations belonging to the class of Phragmitetea and plant communities of pleustophytes, nymphaeids and elodeids belonging to the class Potametea and Lemnetea were recognised in the contact zone. On the basis of the collected data, particular attention was paid to the relevance of Trapa natans monitoring­ at the site located on the Obnica channel within the Międzyodrze region due to its indicative character. The conservation status of the population could be influenced by the change of water trophy within Międzyodrze channels caused by different forms of anthropopressure, including commercial use of this water body, hydromeliorative works, changes that are due to the progressive succession of water plants and reeds, which slow down the water flow rate within the area of Międzyodrze, favour accumulation of organic matter and increase of water trophy as well as fluctuations of surface water thermal activity caused by changing weather conditions.
The concept of technological proximity in the development of European Union national innovative systems
Authors: Rastvortseva Svetlana , Amanalieva Aizhan
Published: April 2021

The development of national innovative systems is intended to solve a number of issues: from decreasing socio-economic inequality in countries and regions to creating environments favourable to new high-tech production and diversification of industrial composition. Determination of the possibilities for expanding the set of innovative types of economic activity must be scientifically substantiated, since significant financial, material and human resources may be consumed in creating and supporting new economic sectors within the framework of state policy. This article contains an attempt to create a mechanism for revealing promising trends in the development of an innovative economic sphere, taking into account comparative advantages in the commodity composition of exports by determining technological proximity indicators. The article aims to substantiate the possibility of using the concept of technological proximity in developing national innovative systems. The study employs technological proximity indicators based on the revealed comparative advantages (RCA) of countries by commodity groups of export. A matrix of technological proximity in the industrial fields (at a six-unit level) for 28 countries of the European Union in 2007–18 was made. The results revealed comparative advantages by groups of high-tech products in EU countries in real time. The analysis of technological proximity in the industrial sector has shown the types of economic activity connected with the innovative sector, which was used to determine the countries’ degree of participation in the manufacture of high-tech products. The proposed mechanism can be used in the development and implementation of national and regional policy in the sphere of innovative systems, since it allows promising areas for creation and support of new high-tech productions to be determined.
Evaluation of Steel Frame Structures with the Response of Seismic Isolators
Authors: Beykzade Mohammad , Baghchesaraei Alireza , Baghchesaraei Omid Reza
Published: April 2021

As science keeps evolving over time, new solutions are being put forward for reducing structural damage. One such solution is the use of seismic isolation systems. Seismic isolation systems reduce the response of structures to the force of earthquakes by reducing the input (force) acceleration when the natural period of the structure increases. Therefore, the use of seismic isolation systems is recommended in the analysis of diverse structures. This study was carried out on seismically isolated buildings with 8, 10, and 12 regular steel floors, modeled by a non-linear isolator in two-, or three-second periods. The differences in data and the responses of the buildings were compared with fixed-base buildings with 8, 10, and 12 floors.
Contribution to the Study of Soil Stabilized by Ballast Columns
Authors: Boutahir Born Bencheikh Messaouda , Aidoud Assia , Benamara Fatima Zohra
Published: April 2021

Ballasted columns are an interesting technique for improving compressible soils in situ. Their major advantages are to reduce compaction, increase the bearing capacity of soils, accelerate consolidation, and eliminate the risks of liquefaction during earthquakes. Thanks to these advantages, reinforcement processes are considerably developed in the field of geotechnical construction and this is on an international scale.

Numerical modelling is a necessary and effective alternative for approaching the real behavior of soils reinforced by ballasted columns. The present work aims to change several parameters, being, among others, the number of columns, the rise of the water table, and the friction angle. With this in mind, a parametric study was carried out in order to determine the influence of certain parameters on the settlement results and observe their influence on the mechanical behavior of the soil using the Plaxis 2D calculation code.

This study found that the correct choice was based on the number of columns, which is three, while the increase in groundwater level does not have a significant influence on the results.
Procedeul Repetiţiei Și Valenţele Sale – Indicatoare Semantice În Construcţia Poetică Blagiană
Authors: Farmatu Teona
Published: April 2021

By analyzing the Lucian Blaga’s poetry, this paper aims to argue how the form of poems contributes significantly to the creation of meaning through the stylistic figure of repetition. From the first volume, „Poems of light”, the repetition gains, beyond an aesthetic function, an ontic one specific to the Lucian Blaga’s consubstantiality between the poetic subject and the universe. During this approach, the repetition multiplies its phenomenalizations, in order to a significant part of the global meaning of the text is due to it. The major conclusion of this paper consists in highlighting a pattern of a continuous and ethereal aspiration to the self-world osmosis depending on Blaga’s creative stages.
Remarks on Ramanujan’s inequality concerning the prime counting function
Authors: Hassani Mehdi
Published: April 2021

In this paper we investigate Ramanujan’s inequality concerning the prime counting function, asserting that

π

(

x

2

)

<

e
x

log
x

π

(

x
e

)

\pi \left( {{x^2}} \right) < {{ex} \over {\log x}}\pi \left( {{x \over e}} \right)

for x sufficiently large. First, we study its sharpness by giving full asymptotic expansions of its left and right hand sides expressions. Then, we discuss the structure of Ramanujan’s inequality, by replacing the factor

x

log
x

{x \over {\log x}}

on its right hand side by the factor

x

log
x
-
h

{x \over {\log x - h}}

for a given h, and by replacing the numerical factor e by a given positive α. Finally, we introduce and study inequalities analogous to Ramanujan’s inequality.
Security Issues in the Integrated Management Perspective
Authors: Potoczek Andrzej
Published: April 2021

Security is a system of interrelated elements that interact with each other and must be effectively managed. At the same time, security is one of the key areas of administrative activity. Nowadays, an integrated approach to the development process in the context of shaping local security policy becomes extremely important. Integrated management is based on a territorial-functional approach and exposes mutually balanced links between the economic, social and environmental systems of which security is a common element.
Superstitious beliefs about earwigs (Dermaptera)
Authors: Brandstaetter Frank
Published: April 2021

Earwigs are amongst the most misunderstood animals in the world. A widespread belief accuses them of entering human ears and causing severe damages to ear and brain. Although there is no evidence for any asscociation between earwigs and (human) ears, the common names of these insects in nearly every European language refer to that fact. The myth is probably originating in the scriptures of Pliny the Elder. References in old Germanic indicate the origin of the naming as far back as the beginning of the first millenium.
Records of the long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Authors: Negrobov Oleg P. , Manko Peter , Japoshvili Bella , Snegovaya Nataly , Oboňa Jozef
Published: April 2021

Records of 16 species of the family Dolichopodidae from Azerbaijan and Georgia are given. Four species Campsicnemus armeniacus Negrobov, Manko, Hrivniak & Obona, 2017, Chrysotus pennatus Lichtwardt, 1902, Medetera kowarzi Negrobov, 1974, Rhaphium brevicorne Curtis, 1835 represent new records for Azerbaijan and increase species richness to 90 taxa. The completed checklist of long-legged flies of Georgia is presented. With five new country records, namely: Campsicnemus umbripennis Loew, 1856, Medetera murina Becker, 1917, Medetera truncorum Meigen, 1824, Sybistroma crinipes Stæger, 1842, Sympycnus pulicarius (Fallén, 1823), the checklist covers 71 taxa now.
Singular Terms in Fiction. Fictional and “Real” Names (III Blasco Disputatio)
Authors: Abad Jordi Valor
Published: April 2021

In this introduction, I consider different problems posed by the use of singular terms in fiction (section 1), paying especial attention to proper names and, in particular, to names of real people, places, etc. As we will see (section 2), descriptivist and Millian theories of reference face different kinds of problems in explaining the use of fictional names in fiction-related contexts. Moreover, the task of advancing a uniform account of names in these contexts—an account which deals not only with fictional names but also with “real” names—will prove to be very hard no matter whether we favour realist or antirealist intuitions about fictional discourse (section 3). Section 4 offers an overview of the content of this volume, with emphasis on the discussion between Manuel García-Carpintero and Stacie Friend about the meaning of “real” names in fiction-related contexts, the main topic of the Third Blasco Disputatio.
Indexed Mental Files and Names in Fiction
Authors: Grosso Enrico
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I argue that the theory of mental files can provide a unitary cognitive account of how names and singular terms work in fiction. I will suggest that the crucial notion we need is not the one of regular file, i.e., a file whose function is to accumulate information that we take to be about a single object of the outside world, but the notion of indexed file, i.e., a file that stands, in the subject’s mind, for another subject’s file about an object. When we read a novel containing the name of an individual, we acquire (fictional) information about that individual and we store those pieces of information into an indexed file. If the name also refers to a real individual outside the context of fiction, the indexed file is linked with the pre-existing regular file that we have about such individual. Otherwise, the indexed file is linked to a regular file referring to an abstract object, namely the fictional entity itself.
Two Informational Theories of Memory: a case from Memory-Conjunction Errors
Authors: Dantas Danilo Fraga
Published: April 2021

The causal and simulation theories are often presented as very distinct views about declarative memory, their major difference lying on the causal condition. The causal theory states that remembering involves an accurate representation causally connected to an earlier experience (the causal condition). In the simulation theory, remembering involves an accurate representation generated by a reliable memory process (no causal condition). I investigate how to construe detailed versions of these theories that correctly classify memory errors (DRM, “lost in the mall”, and memory-conjunction errors) as misremembering or confabulation. Neither causalists nor simulationists have paid attention to memory-conjunction errors, which is unfortunate because both theories have problems with these cases. The source of the difficulty is the background assumption that an act of remembering has one (and only one) target. I fix these theories for those cases. The resulting versions are closely related when implemented using tools of information theory, differing only on how memory transmits information about the past. The implementation provides us with insights about the distinction between confabulatory and non-confabulatory memory, where memory-conjunction errors have a privileged position.