bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Quad-Constellation GNSS Precise Point Positioning in Egypt
Authors: El Manaily Emad , Abd Rabbou Mahmoud , El-Shazly Adel , Baraka Moustafa
Published: March 2017

Commonly, relative GPS positioning technique is used in Egypt for precise positioning applications. However, the requirement of a reference station is usually problematic for some applications as it limits the operational range of the system and increases the system cost and complexity On the other hand; the single point positioning is traditionally used for low accuracy applications such as land vehicle navigation with positioning accuracy up to 10 meters in some scenarios which caused navigation problems especially in downtown areas. Recently, high positioning accuracy can be obtained through Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique in which only once GNSS receiver is used. However, the major drawback of PPP is the long convergence time to reach to the surveying grade accuracy compared to the existing relative techniques. Moreover, the PPP accuracy is significantly degraded due to shortage in satellite availability in urban areas. To overcome these limitations, the quad constellation GNSS systems namely; GPS.GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou can be combined to increase the satellite availability and enhance the satellite geometry which in turn reduces the convergence time. In Egypt, at the moment, the signals of both Galileo and BeiDou could be logged with limited number of satellites up to four and six satellites for both Systems respectively. In this paper, we investigated the performance of the Quad-GNSS positioning in both dual- and single-frequency ionosphere free PPP modes for both high accurate and low cost navigation application, respectively. The performance of the developed PPP models will be investigated through GNSS data sets collected at three Egyptian cities namely, Cairo, Alexandria and Aswan.
Non-isothermal crystallization and thermal degradation kinetics of MXene/linear low-density polyethylene nanocomposites
Authors: Cao Xinxin , Wu Mengqi , Zhou Aiguo , Wang You , He Xiaofang , Wang Libo
Published: March 2017

A novel two-dimensional material MXene was used to synthesize nanocomposites with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). The influence of MXene on crystallization and thermal degradation kinetics of LLDPE was investigated. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental data was analyzed by Jeziorny theory and the Mo method. It is found that MXene acted as a nucleating agent during the non-isothermal crystallization process, and 2 wt% MXene incorporated in the nanocomposites could accelerate the crystallization rate. Findings from activation energy calculation for non-isothermal crystallization came to the same conclusion. Thermal gravity (TG) analysis of MXene/LLDPE nanocomposites was conducted at different heating rates, and the TG thermograms suggested the nanocomposites showed an improvement in thermal stability. Apparent activation energy (Ea) of thermal degradation was calculated by the Kissinger method, and Ea values of nanocomposites were higher than that of pure LLDPE. The existence of MXene seems to lead to better thermal stability in composites.
Supercritical Water Gasification of Scenedesmus Dimorphus µ-algae
Authors: Molino A. , Marino T. , Larocca V. , Casella P. , Rimauro J. , Cerbone A. , Migliori M.
Published: March 2017

The aim of the paper is based on the experimental tests of Gasification in supercritical water for humid biomass, Scenedesmus dimorphus. In this work, experimental tests were carried out in order to understand the main parameters of the SCWG process and their influence varying the total solids content, GGE and CGE gas yield and energy recovery. Based on experimental test and considering literature data about energy demand for microalgae growth and energy required for SCWG process it was possible to evaluate that with minimum total solid content necessary for setting-up a self-sustainable process considering the only energy recovery from the condensation of the water outlet the process. At the same time these simulation were repeated considering of use the enthalpy of water in SCW condition for turbine expansion instead heat recovery obtained not only syngas production usable for biofuels synthesis but also power production.
Almost everywhere convergence of some subsequences of Fejér means for integrable functions on some unbounded Vilenkin groups
Authors: Memić Nacima
Published: March 2017

Following the methods of G. Gát, in this work we prove the a.e convergence of the subsequence

(

σ

m

n

2

M

n

f

)

n

$\begin{array}{}
(\sigma_{\frac{m_{n}}{2}M_{n}}f)_{n}
\end{array}$

,
for every integrable function f on unbounded Vilenkin groups, such that the sequence (mn
)
n
contains infinitely many even terms satisfying the estimate

ln
⁡

m

k
−
1

ln
⁡

m

k

m

k

=
O
(
1
)
.

$\begin{array}{}
\frac{\ln m_{k-1}\ln m_{k}}{m_{k}}=O(1).
\end{array}
$
Structure and photochromism of 1,2-bis[2-methyl-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-thienyl]-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-ene, C27H16Cl2F6S2
Authors: Wang Jingcheng , Liu Gang , Fan Congbin , Pu Shouzhi
Published: March 2017

C27H16Cl2F6S2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.3612(18) Å, b = 11.8991(7) Å, c = 13.3979(7) Å, α = 94.667(3)°, β = 99.927(3)°, γ = 105.882(3)°, V = 1251.21(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0441, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1345, T = 100(2) K.
Too Good to be False: Nonsignificant Results Revisited
Authors: Hartgerink C. H. J. , Wicherts J. M. , van Assen M. A. L. M.
Published: March 2017

Due to its probabilistic nature, Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) is subject to decision errors. The concern for false positives has overshadowed the concern for false negatives in the recent debates in psychology. This might be unwarranted, since reported statistically nonsignificant findings may just be ‘too good to be false’. We examined evidence for false negatives in nonsignificant results in three different ways. We adapted the Fisher test to detect the presence of at least one false negative in a set of statistically nonsignificant results. Simulations show that the adapted Fisher method generally is a powerful method to detect false negatives. We examined evidence for false negatives in the psychology literature in three applications of the adapted Fisher method. These applications indicate that (i) the observed effect size distribution of nonsignificant effects exceeds the expected distribution assuming a null-effect, and approximately two out of three (66.7%) psychology articles reporting nonsignificant results contain evidence for at least one false negative, (ii) nonsignificant results on gender effects contain evidence of true nonzero effects, and (iii) the statistically nonsignificant replications from the Reproducibility Project Psychology (RPP) do not warrant strong conclusions about the absence or presence of true zero effects underlying these nonsignificant results. We conclude that false negatives deserve more attention in the current debate on statistical practices in psychology. Potentially neglecting effects due to a lack of statistical power can lead to a waste of research resources and stifle the scientific discovery process.
Adipose tissue supports normalization of macrophage and liver lipid handling in obesity reversal
Authors: Vatarescu Maayan , Bechor Sapir , Haim Yulia , Pecht Tal , Tarnovscki Tanya , Slutsky Noa , Nov Ori , Shapiro Hagit , Shemesh Avishai , Porgador Angel , Bashan Nava , Rudich Assaf
Published: March 2017

Adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction are considered central in the pathogenesis of obesity-related dysmetabolism, but their role in the rapid metabolic recovery upon obesity reversal is less well defined. We hypothesized that changes in adipose tissue endocrine and paracrine mechanisms may support the rapid improvement of obesity-induced impairment in cellular lipid handling. C57Bl-6J mice were fed ad libitum either normal chow (NC) or high-fat diet (HFF) for 10 weeks. A dietary obesity reversal group was fed HFF for 8 weeks and then switched to NC for 2 weeks (HFF→NC). Whole-body glucose homeostasis rapidly nearly normalized in the HFF→NC mice (fasting glucose and insulin fully normalized, glucose and insulin tolerance tests reversed 82% to the NC group levels). During 2 weeks of the dietary reversal, the liver was significantly cleared from ectopic fat, and functionally, glucose production from pyruvate, alanine or fructose was normalized. In contrast, adipose tissue inflammation (macrophage infiltration and polarization) largely remained as in HFF, though obesity-induced adipose tissue macrophage lipid accumulation decreased by ~50%, and adipose tissue MAP kinase hyperactivation was reversed. Ex vivo, mild changes in adipose tissue adipocytokine secretion profile were noted. These corresponded to partial or full reversal of the excess cellular lipid droplet accumulation induced by HFF adipose tissue conditioned media in hepatoma or macrophage cells, respectively. We propose that early after initiating reversal of nutritional obesity, rapid metabolic normalization largely precedes resolution of adipose tissue inflammation. Nevertheless, we demonstrate a hitherto unrecognized contribution of adipose tissue to the rapid improvement in lipid handling by the liver and by macrophages.
PROFESORIUS E. VASKOVSKIS APIE CIVILINIO PROCESO TIKSLUS IR PRINCIPUS
Authors: Nekrošius Vytautas
Published: March 2017

Straipsnyje analizuojamos vieno iš žymiausių XIX a. pabaigos XX a. pirmos pusės civilinio proceso teisės mokslo atstovo profesoriaus E. Vaskovskio, nemažą savo gyvenimo dalį dėsčiusio Vilniaus (tuo metu Stepono Batoro) universitete, doktrina apie civilinio proceso tikslus ir pagrindinius principus. Įrodoma, kad profesorius buvo tarp pirmųjų Europos mokslininkų, pripažinusių socialinę civilinio proceso funkciją ir viešo pobūdžio jam keliamus tikslus.
SUSITARIMAS DĖL DARBDAVIO PATIRTŲ IŠLAIDŲ DARBUOTOJO MOKYMUI KOMPENSAVIMO
Authors: Povilaitienė Ieva Bieliauskienė
Published: March 2017

Straipsnyje apžvelgiama teisinė papildomų darbuotojo ir darbdavio susitarimų prigimtis, o siekiant temą iliustruoti konkrečiu praktiniu pavyzdžiu – plačiau analizuojamas vienas iš Lietuvos praktikoje labiau paplitęs tokių papildomų susitarimų. Straipsnyje taip pat nagrinėjama aktuali Lietuvos Aukščiausiojo Teismo praktika, įvardijamos esminės problemos, kurių kyla dėl tokių susitarimų turinio nustatymo bei dėl šalių teisių ir pareigų pagal tokius susitarimus įgyvendinimo.
Evaluation of a Screening Program to Detect Critical Congenital Heart Defects in Newborns
Authors: Klausner Rachel , Shapiro Eugene D. , Elder Robert W. , Colson Eve , Loyal Jaspreet
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To report the results of and to identify problems with implementing a screening program to detect critical congenital heart defects (CCHDs) in newborns by using differential pulse oximetry (POx).

METHODS:

Charts of all live-born infants from 4 Yale–New Haven health system hospitals in Connecticut between January 1 and December 31, 2014, were reviewed.

RESULTS:

Of 10 589 newborns, 171 (1.6%) underwent an echocardiogram before screening, 10 320 (97.5%) were screened by POx, and 98 (0.9%) were not screened. Thirteen newborns (0.1%) were diagnosed with a CCHD. No infants with CCHDs were identified through POx screening (POxS) alone. Eleven (85%) were already suspected of having a CCHD lesion on the basis of prenatal ultrasound, 1 (8%) was diagnosed because of clinical concern before undergoing screening, and 1 (8%) had a false-negative screening result, but a CCHD was identified after an echocardiogram was performed because a murmur was heard. Four infants with a positive POx screen showed noncritical cardiac lesions by echocardiogram. The majority of infants were screened within the recommended 24 to 72 hours of age interval and had POx screens that were interpreted and documented correctly. Of 10 316 infants with negative POx screens, 52.1% were still in the Yale–New Haven Hospital health system at 1 year of age and no CCHD lesions were listed in their charts.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although a CCHD screening program was effectively implemented, perhaps because most children with a CCHD (85%) were detected antenatally by ultrasound, in our hospital system POxS did not lead to a substantial increase in the early identification of CCHDs.
Molecular characterization and Freedom to Operate analysis of maize hybrids from genetically modified and Colombian varieties
Authors: Jiménez-Barreto Jenny , Chaparro Giraldo Alejandro , Mora-Oberlaender Julián , Vargas-Sánchez José Ever
Published: March 2017

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most common pests in maize crops, causing important losses in Colombia. The development of insect resistant crops is an alternative to conventional pest control methods. HERCULEX® I is a transgenic maize line with resistance to lepidopteran insects and tolerance to phosphinothricin herbicides, conferred by genes cry1F and pat, respectively. In Colombia, the National Federation of Cereal and Legume Growers (FENALCE) has carried out mendelian crosses between Colombian maize genotypes and HERCU- LEX® I, with the aim of integrating the genetic elements of the transgenic line into national varieties. Three hybrids were obtained which potentially carry such constructs. In the present study, the hybrid lines and their parental lines were characterized at the molecular level. Leaf tissue was tested for presence or absence of the genes cry1F and pat and their expression as mRNA and respective proteins Cry1F and Pat. Results show that the three hybrids indeed carry the HERCULEX® I constructs. RT-PCR and ELISA analysis showed transcription of the genes and presence of the proteins. An initial approach to the Freedom to Operate analysis was carried out for HERCU- LEX® I in Colombia.
Physicochemical characteristics of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) fruits from four production zones of Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Vergara Manuel Fernando , Vargas Jessica , Acuña John Fabio
Published: March 2017

Blackberries play an important role in human nutrition, due to the elevated content of certain bioactive compounds including ascorbate, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins. Blackberry Rubus glaucus from Colombian Andes has a high demand on regional and international markets and there is much interest in its cultivation to increase the com mercial offer. In four blackberry producing municipalities of Cundinamarca province, fruits were harvested for different quality tests based on the availability of hydric resources in the zone and their influence on fruit characteristics according to the precipitation of each zone, since the crops did not have an irrigation system. The variables, such as size, fresh weight, tex ture, pH, titratable total acids (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), and color were evaluated to compare the quality of the fruits between the municipalities, finding that fruits from Silvania had the greater size but, in turn, were the least consistent. El Colegio zone presented the sweetest fruits and together with Pasca had the highest acidity percentage. The color of Pasca and Silvania fruits was the most attractive for commercialization parameters. These parameters, even when management and agro-climatic conditions between municipalities were very similar, allows knowing the positive attributes and determine the factors that need to be improved and to project on a short-term future productions acceptable on the international market.
Evaluation of environmental footprint of wheeled tractors
Authors: Biekša Kęstutis , Kuliešis Gediminas
Published: March 2017

Effective management of agricultural machinery helps to save financial and material resour-ces, and also reduces environmental pollution. Traditional environmental impact assessment me-thods do not involve the life cycle analysis, so environmental footprint method can help to evaluate farming, identifying threats and measures of mitigation the negative impacts. Growing amount of tractors used in agricultural sector increase the negative impacts to environment, so it becomes im-portant to properly assess farming. The aim of this paper is to determine the environmental footprint of wheeled tractors of Lithuanian farmers and agricultural companies and its development trends using sustainable process index method. The object of the research is the environmental footprint of wheeled tractors used for farming in Lithuania. Investigation showed that field works of tractors ac-counts the largest share of the total environmental footprint. Environmental footprint of tractors’ field works mainly depends from the type of fuel used which is directly dependent on the tractor's power and workload, consequently a change of fuel type, tractor type and work load can reduce en-vironmental footprint of tractors.
The features of morphological changes in the urinary bladder under combined effect of heavy metal salts
Authors: Romaniuk Anatolii , Sikora Vladyslav , Lyndin Mykola , Smiyanov Vladyslav , Sikora Volodymyr , Lyndina Yulia , Piddubnyi Artem , Gyryavenko Nataliya , Korobchanska Anna
Published: March 2017

Purpose

This study is aimed to the investigation of the features of morphological changes in the urinary bladder of mature rats.

Results

Received results shown that the experimental group of rats that had the intake of heavy metal salts (HMS) mixture during 30 and 90 days were observed histological and immunohistochemical changes in all structures of the urinary bladder. Depending on the period of influence of heavy metal ions on the wall of the organ, the pathological changes developed in cellular layers of the wall can lead to degenerative and later to atrophic and sclerotic changes.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that high concentrations of HMS can significantly influence the body. The histological and immunohistochemical studies showed that the influence of the HMS combination leads to deep morphological changes in all structures of the urinary bladder. These changes depend on the period of intake of HMS. Analysis of the obtained results demonstrates the dependence of expression of morphological changes in the urinary bladder on the experiment duration. The final result of these changes may lead to the disorders of bladder’s functions.
Inhibition growth of pomegranate seeds extract against streptococcus sanguis: the cause of recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Setiadhi Riani , Sufiawati Irna , Zakiawati Dewi , Nur’aeny Nanan , Hidayat Wahyu , Firman Dani R.
Published: March 2017

Objective : Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seeds contain high of phytonutrients and phytochemicals, rich in polyphenol antioxidants namely tannins and flavonoids which also have antibacterial activity. Streptococcus sanguis is a bacterium known as one of the factors causing Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). To examine the potential antibacterial of Pomegranate seeds against Streptococcus sanguis.Material anda Methods : In vitro study of Pomegranate seed were extracted with maceration method using 70% ethanol as the solvent to obtain stable extract, continued with phytochemical screening against phenolic, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoid, saponins and tannins.  The extract was evaluated for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericide Concentration against Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556, using microdiluted method through 96 wells microplate. Results : Chlorhexidine was used as positive control while 70% ethanol was used as solvent as well as negative control. Phytochemical screening gave positive results for phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, saponins and tannins. Microdilution test showed the concentration of 500 ppm as MIC and MBC value at 2,000 ppm.Conclusion : Pomegranate seeds extract have a growth inhibitory against Streptococcus sanguis with MIC value of 500 ppm and 2,000 ppm as MBC.
Researching Learner Self-Efficacy and Online Participation through Speech Functions: An exploratory study
Authors: Sanchez-Castro Olga , Strambi Antonella
Published: March 2017

This study explores the potential contribution of Eggins and Slade’s (2004) Speech Functions as tools for describing learners’ participation patterns in Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication (SCMC). Our analysis focuses on the relationship between learners’ self-efficacy (i.e. personal judgments of second language performance capabilities) and discourse roles displayed in the online medium. A small corpus of data was selected as a sample from a larger study, comprising one face-to-face interaction (FtF2) and one synchronous text-based chat interaction (SCMC2) between two participants: Celine, a high-self-efficacy (HSE) learner, and Concetta, a low-self-efficacy (LSE) learner. The chat-log and conversation transcript were analyzed by employing: (a) quantitative measures of participation; namely words and turns produced by the participants, (b) Dörnyei and Kormos’s (1998) taxonomy of Communication Strategies, and (c) Eggins and Slade’s (2004) classification of speech functions. Our results suggest that speech functions are indeed effective at describing the social roles enacted by learners during interaction across the two media, in terms of discourse dependence or independence, as well as dominance. Therefore, by complementing other methods, such as quantitative measures of participation and qualitative analyses of communication strategies, speech functions can contribute to providing a comprehensive picture of the relationship between SCMC, learners’ selfefficacy, and participation patterns.
PENGARUH METODE HYPNOTEACHING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA BIDANG STUDI PAI DI SMP BINA BANGSA SURABAYA
Authors: Subiyono Subiyono , Hamim Nur
Published: March 2017

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Bagaimanakah penerapan metode hypnoteaching pada bidang studi pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Bina Bangsa Surabaya? (2) Bagaimanakah prestasi belajar siswa pada bidang pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Bina Bangsa Surabaya? (3) Adakah pengaruh metode hypnoteaching pada bidang studi pendidikan agama Islam terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di SMP Bina Bangsa? Sampel penelitian adalah 10 % dari 526 siswa yaitu 53 siswa, teknik pengambilan sampel adalah dengan teknik stratified proportional random sampling yaitu mengacak sampel pada setiap strata dengan pembagian yang sama. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Rumus prosentase sederhana, yaitu untuk menganalisis data tentang penerapan metode  hypnoteaching di SMP Bina Bangsa dan prestasi belajarnya pada bidang PAI; (2) Rumus Korelasi Product Moment, yaitu untuk menganalisis data tentang ada atau tidaknya pengaruh metode hypnoteaching terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada bidang studi pendidikan agama Islam di SMP Bina Bangsa Surabaya.Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Penerapan strategi hypnoteaching di SMP Bina Bangsa Surabaya tergolong cukup. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil prosentase tertinggi ( 66 % ) adalah berada pada interval 56 % - 75 % yang berarti cukup; (2) Prestasi belajar siswa di SMP tergolong baik. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil rata-rata nilai ulangan siswa (7,3) berada pada interval nilai 7-8 yang berarti baik; (3) Terdapat pengaruh metode hypnoteaching terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di SMP Bina Bangsa Surabaya. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil perhitungan rumus rxy (0,522) yang lebih besar dari hasil perhitungan tabel (rt) baik pada taraf signifikansi 5 % (0,274) atau taraf signifikansi 1 % (0,354) yang berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak dan berarti terdapat pengaruh variabel X terhadap variabel Y.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF FAZLUR RAHMAN
Authors: Fahmi Muhammad
Published: March 2017

Fazlur Rahman terkenal sebagai tokoh neo-modernisme karena berusaha melakukan modernisasi pendidikan Islam dengan tidak melupakan warisan klasik umat Islam. Dia mengusulkan bahwa orientasi pendidikan Islam harus mengarah kepada kebutuhan di dunia dan akhirat. Dia juga tidak setuju dengan adanya dikotomi ilmu agama dan umum. Harus ada upaya integrasi antara ilmu agama dan umum, karena pada dasarnya ilmu itu utuh dan bersumber dari Allah SWT. Dia juga menyarankan agar ada upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidik Muslim, perhatian khusus terhadap peserta didik yang berbakat, dan pemenuhan sarana prasarana pendidikan yang memadai. Ide-ide Rahman mengenai pendidikan Islam termasuk dalam kategori kontekstual. Ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam mengemukakan ide-idenya, Rahman mendasarkannya pada pengalaman empirik dan pengamatan yang realistis. Oleh karena itu, tidaklah basi jika menerapkan ide-ide Rahman dalam konteks pendidikan Islam dewasa ini. Pisau analisis yang dipakai Rahman dalam mengkaji pendidikan Islam pada masanya, kiranya dapat dipakai sebagai pisau analisis dalam mengkaji pendidikan Islam kontemporer. Meski begitu, karena masa hidup Rahman berbeda dengan masa hidup umat Islam sekarang -dalam konteks sosial, maka perlu diberikan nilai kritis-transformatif bagi ide-ide Rahman sebelum diterapkan dalam konteks kekinian.
URGENSI PEMBINAN IKLIM DAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH
Authors: Zahro Lailatu
Published: March 2017

Bahasa Indonesia:

Pengembangan sekolah yang efektif, efisien, produktif dan akuntabel perlu ditunjang oleh perubahan berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan pendidikan, termasuk iklim sekolah. Perubahan iklim sekolah perlu dilakukan untuk merespons kondisi pendidikan yang semakin terpuruk. Hal ini lebih diperkuat lagi dengan perubahan-perubahan mendasar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, yang menuntut penyesuaian pendidikan dan iklim sekolah yang kondusif yang menunjang terhadap pembelajaran yang bermakna. Iklim dan Budaya sekolah yang kondusif ditandai dengan terciptanya lingkungan belajar yang aman, nyaman dan tertib sehingga pembelajaran dapat berlangsung secara efektif. Iklim dan budaya sekolah yang kondusif sangat penting agar siswa merasa senang dan bersikap positif terhadap sekolahnya, agar guru merasa dihargai, orang tua dan masyarakat merasa diterima dan dilibatkan. Hal ini dapat terjadi melalui penciptaan norma dan kebiasaan yang positif, hubungan dan kerja sama yang harmonis yang didasari oleh sikap saling menghormati di antara satu dengan yang lain.

 

 

English:

School development with the idea of effectiveness, efficiency, productivity, and accountability needs to go along with changing in educational settings, including the school climate. The climate transformation is urgently needed to respond degraded educational situation.  This is also required as the fundamental changing exists in every human life aspects, which requests for educational transformation and conducive school climate for meaningful learning at school. Conducive school climate is indicated by a safe, comfortable, and well-regulated school environment for effective learning. This circumstance is quite important so that students consider positively their schools, teachers feel appreciation for themselves, and parents are well-accepted and involved in school. This atmosphere can be developed through creating new positive habits and norms and teamwork under the umbrella of respects within the team member.
KONSEP INTERAKSI EDUKATIF DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Mollah Moch. Kalam
Published: March 2017

Bahasa Indonesia:

Suatu kisah dapat dikatakan berkaitan dengan pendidikan apabila dalam proses interaksi yang ada pada kisah tersebut terdapat: tujuan pendidikan, pendidik, anak didik, materi dan metode. Oleh karena itu penulis mencoba mengkaji al-Qur’an dari kisah-kisah yang ada di dalamnya, dengan mengambil model interaksi pendidikan dalam perjalanan kisah orang tedahulu dalam al-Qur’an. Dari latar belakang diatas, maka muncul sebuah rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimanakah konsep interaksi edukatif dalam perspektif al-Qur’an dan implementasinya dalam pendidikan. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah al-Qur’an tentang kisah Nabi Khidir dan Nabi Musa (Q.S. Al-Kahfi: 60-82), kemudian kisah Nabi Ibrahim dan Nabi Ismail (Q.S. Al-Shaffat: 102-107) dan yang terakhir adalah kisah Luqman (Q.S. Luqman: 12-19). Dilihat dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep interaksi edukatif dalam al-Qur’an melalui kisah-kisahnya terdiri dari: 1) tujuan pendidikan: humanisasi, insan kamil dan akhlak mulia; 2) Pendidik: bijaksana, penuh kasih sayang, demokratis, mengenal murid dan memahami kejiwaaannya, berpengetahuan luas, memahami materi, sabar dan ikhlas; 3) Anak didik: Patuh, tabah, sabar, cita-cita yang kuat serta tidak putus asa dan bersungguh-sungguh, sopan santun, rendah hati dan hormat pada guru; 4) Materi: akidah, syari’ah dan akhlak; dan 5) Metode: dialogis, uswatun hasanah, demokratis, dan mauiz}ah.

 

English:

A story is considered related to education if in the interaction process involves the following aspects: aims of education, educators, learners, material, and methods. In this research, the author examines stories inside the al-Qur’an, particularly which of educational interaction model within the people in the past. From the background above, this paper answers a research questions, what is the concept of educational interaction from the Qoranic perspective and its implementation in education world. The primary resources in this research is coming from the story of Ibrahim and Musa (Q.S. Al-Kahfi: 60-82), the story of Ibrahim dan Ismail (Q.S. Al-Shaffat: 102-107), and the story of Luqman (Q.S. Luqman: 12-19). The findings of this study show that the concept of educational interaction in in the al-Qur’an consists of 1) the aims of education: humanism, insan kamil, and highest endeavor; 2) the educators: wise, mercy, democratic, understanding students’ psychological condition, knowledgeable, comprehending the materials, patient, and sincere; 3) the learners: obedient, determined, patient, strong motivation, never giving up, well mannered, humble, and respecting teachers; and 5) methods: dialogic, modelling, democratic, and advicing.
Glutathione redox cycle in small intestinal mucosa and peripheral blood of pediatric celiac disease patients
Authors: Stojiljković Vesnać , Pejić SnežAna , Kasapović Jelena , Gavrilović Ljubicać , Stojiljković Stanimirć , Nikolić Draganć , Pajović SnežAna B.
Published: March 2017

The celiac disease is an autoimmune gastrointestinal disorder caused by gluten from wheat, rye or barley. In genetically predisposed persons, gluten induces the immune-mediated inflammation of small intestinal mucosa. Histological lesions include intraepithelial lymphocytosis, crypt hypertrophy and villous atrophy, resulting in malabsorption of micro- and macronutrients. The only treatment for celiac patients is a permanent gluten-free diet (GFD). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are strongly associated with the celiac disease. Glutathione (GSH) is a main detoxifier of endogenous and exogenous ROS in the intestine. In order to explain the role of glutathione redox cycle in celiac patients, we examined the activities of GSH-related antioxidant (AO) enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as the concentration of GSH in small intestinal biopsies and peripheral blood of children affected by the celiac disease. The concentration of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) as markers of oxidative damage was measured in the same samples. The results clearly demonstrate a significant malfunction of GSH redox cycle with a concomitant decrease in the capacity to regenerate GSH and detoxify LOOH in celiac patients, even after several years of GFD. The oral administration of GSH and a diet rich in natural antioxidants, as well as appropriate dietary supplements, could be of great benefit to the patients.
Influência do índice glicêmico da dieta sobre parâmetros antropométricos e bioquímicos em pacientes com diabetes tipo 1
Authors: Dias Viviane Monteiro , Pandini Juliana Almeida , Nunes Raquel Ramalho , Sperandei Sandro Leonardo Martins , Portella Emilson Souza , Cobas Roberta Arnoldi , Gomes Marília de Brito
Published: March 2017

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência de uma intervenção não farmacológica, constituída de uma dieta de baixo índice glicêmico (IG) por um período de seis meses, no controle metabólico e nos indicadores antropométricos de pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1). SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Noventa e seis pacientes com DM1 foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica, bioquímica e dietética antes e 6 meses após a prescrição de uma dieta baseada no índice glicêmico. RESULTADOS: Observamos diminuição significativa da A1c (9,8 ± 2,26% vs. 9,1 ± 2,16%; p = 0,023) e aumento de peso (61,3 ± 11,68 kg vs. 62,8 ± 12,07 kg; p = 0,04) após o período de intervenção. CONCLUSÃO: A dieta de baixo índice glicêmico foi capaz de melhorar o controle glicêmico em pacientes com DM1. Estudos com maior tempo de seguimento serão necessários para estabelecermos se a aderência dos pacientes a esse tipo de dieta influencia na manutenção do controle glicêmico.
Prevalência da infecção por Helicobacter pylori e das lesões precusoras do câncer gástrico em pacientes dispéticos
Authors: Muller Leandro Bizarro , Fagundes Renato Borges , Moraes Claudia Carvalho de , Rampazzo Alexandre
Published: March 2017

RACIONAL: A infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori é fator importante no desenvolvimento da carcinogênese gástrica, mas somente uma fração dos pacientes infectados irá desenvolver câncer gástrico. A infecção pelo H. pylori determina gastrite crônica não-atrófica, que pode evoluir para gastrite atrófica e metaplasia intestinal e, finalmente, para displasia e adenocarcinoma. OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência da infecção pelo H. pylori e das lesões precursoras de câncer gástrico e sua associação, em pacientes submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta em serviço de referência da região central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. MÊTODOS: Foram analisadas retrospectivamente biopsias de corpo e antro gástrico obtidas de pacientes submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta no período entre 1994 e 2003, nas quais foi realizada pesquisa de H. pylori. As lâminas foram coradas pelo método da hematoxilina-eosina e os achados histológicos foram classificados de acordo com o sistema de Sydney em mucosa normal, gastrite crônica não-atrófica, gastrite atrófica e metaplasia intestinal. As alterações histológicas encontradas foram relacionadas com a presença de infecção pelo H. pylori. RESULTADOS: Biopsias de 2.019 pacientes foram incluídas no estudo. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 52 (±15) anos e 59% eram do sexo feminino. A pesquisa de H. pylori foi positiva em 76% dos pacientes. Mucosa normal, gastrite crônica não-atrófica, gastrite atrófica e metaplasia intestinal foram diagnosticadas em 5%, 77%, 3% e 15% das biopsias, respectivamente. A infecção por H. pylori determinou uma razão de chances 10 vezes (IC95% 6.50 - 17%) maior de se encontrar algum grau de alteração histológica na mucosa gástrica. A razão de chances dos pacientes infectados apresentarem gastrite crônica não-atrófica, foi igual a 3 (IC95% 2,2 - 3,4). A razão de chances dos pacientes infectados apresentarem gastrite atrófica e metaplasia intestinal foi menor que 1. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência da infecção por H. pylori foi alta (76%) e os indivíduos infectados apresentaram probabilidade 10 vezes maior para a ocorrência de lesão da mucosa gástrica. Gastrite crônica não-atrófica apresentou prevalência de 77%, gastrite atrófica 3% e metaplasia intestinal 15%. A infecção pelo H. pylori determinou uma probabilidade 3 vezes maior para o desenvolvimento de gastrite crônica não-atrófica e não determinou risco para a ocorrência de gastrite atrófica e metaplasia intestinal, sugerindo que possivelmente outros fatores de risco, além do H. pylori, estejam envolvidos no processo da carcinogênese gástrica.
Discordância de apresentação da doença celíaca em gêmeos monozigóticos
Authors: Bahia Magda , Penna Francisco José , Castillo Dora Mendez Del , Hassegawa Marina Guimarães Corrê , Vieira Aline Cristina , Orlando Vanessa Ribeiro
Published: March 2017

CONTEXTO: A doença celíaca é uma enteropatia autoimune causada pela sensibilidade ao glúten em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos. Apesar da característica genética da doença, estudos demonstram discordância de 30% na sua apresentação em gêmeos monozigóticos. OBJETIVO: Apresentar dois pares de gêmeos monozigóticos, comprovados por estudos genéticos, discordantes para apresentação da doença celíaca. MÉTODO: Os pacientes foram acompanhados no Serviço de Gastroenterologia Pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais desde 1990, sendo submetidos a exames clínicos periódicos, biopsias intestinais e sorologia para anticorpos IgG e IgA antigliadina, determinados pela técnica de ELISA (ensaio imunoenzimático), e anticorpos classe IgA antiendomísio, determinados pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta. Estudos genéticos foram realizados através da técnica de amplificação por PCR e posterior tipagem de loci de microssatélites do tipo STR (short tandem repeats). RESULTADOS: Em cada par de gêmeos, apenas um apresentou doença celíaca até o momento, mostrando que, apesar do genótipo idêntico, este não foi o único determinante para a expressão da doença. CONCLUSÃO: Outros fatores, ambientais e genéticos, parecem contribuir para determinação da doença.
Clinical, endoscopic and histopathological profiles of parasitic duodenitis cases diagnosed by upper digestive endoscopy
Authors: Santos Reinaldo Benevides dos , Fonseca Jr Luciano Espinheira , Santana Andrea Tosta de Azevedo , Silva Carolina Alves Costa , Guedes Jorge Carvalho
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT: Intestinal parasites induce detectable histopathological changes, which have been studied in groups with known diagnosis of parasitic disease. There is no available study with a larger base without previous diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical and histopathological findings of parasitosis diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy in patients submitted to upper digestive endoscopy. METHODS: Recorded biopsies archive at "Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgar Santos" , a general teaching Hospital in the state of Bahia, Northeast Brazil, from January 1995 to January 2009, were reviewed. One thousand ten duodenal biopsy reports were found. Reports positive for parasites had their specimens reviewed and photographed. All blocks of biopsy selected as case were retrieved and reviewed by an experienced pathologist. Clinical, laboratorial and endoscopic data were collected. RESULTS: Eleven biopsies showed parasites, including cases of Cryptosporidium sp. and Strongyloides stercoralis. Vomiting (91%), abdominal pain (78%), diarrhea (78%) and weight loss (78%) were usual symptoms. Seventy-five percent had duodenal mucosa changes on endoscopy, while 25% have no changes. Anemia and low serum albumin were important laboratorial data. HIV infection association was observed. Villus atrophy and reactive epithelium were usual in Strongyloides cases. CONCLUSIONS: No endoscopic or histopathologic finding was pathognomonic. One percent of duodenal endoscopic biopsies showed parasites.
Prevalence of upper digestive endoscopy and gastric histopathology findings in morbidly obese patients
Authors: Dietz Judite , Ulbrich-Kulcynski Jane Maria , Souto Katia Elisabete Pires , Meinhardt Nelson Guardiola
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT: The prevalence of obesity has been increasing in modern society. Roux-en-y gastric bypass is a bariatric surgery that involves the exclusion of significant part of the stomach. Atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer have been associated with infection by Helicobacter pylori. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the presence of endoscopy findings and histological changes in morbid obese patients for the presence of inflammatory cells, inflammatory activity, lymphoid hyperplasia, H. pylori infection, atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in the gastric mucosa. METHODS: Upper digestive endoscopy and gastric histopathological were studied in 126 obese patients in the preoperative evaluation for bariatric surgery. RESULTS: Upper digestive endoscopy abnormalities were diagnosed in 73/126 (57.9%) patients. In three patients (2.4%) the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy diagnosed gastric ulcer and one patient (0.8%) had duodenal ulcer. The histopathological from gastric biopsies of these obese patients showed 65.1% of mucosa inflammation, inflammatory activity in 50.0%, infection by H. pylori in 53.2%, lymphoid hyperplasia in 50.0% and atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia in 16.7%. CONCLUSIONS: In present study, with routine preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and histopathological examination, were detected 57.9% patients with endoscopy abnormalities, high prevalence of infection by H. pylori (53%) and 16.7% of gastric atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia.
Helicobacter pylori eradication does not influence gastroesophageal reflux disease: a prospective, parallel, randomized, open-label, controlled trial
Authors: Rodrigues Jr. Lino , Faria Cintya Miler de , Geocze Stephan , Chehter Luiz
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT: Helicobacter pylori has been associated with worsening of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of H. pylori eradication in GERD patients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial performing symptom evaluation, endoscopy, histology, manometry and esophageal pH testing on GERD patients. Patients infected with H. pylori were randomized to: 1) eradication treatment plus proton pump inhibitors treatment, or 2) proton pump inhibitors alone. Patients not infected constituted a negative control group. After 3 months, patients were re-evaluated by symptom assessment, endoscopy, histology and manometry. RESULTS: GERD treatment resulted in significantly higher lower esophageal sphincter pressure, as measured by mean expiratory pressure, in H. pylori negative patients. There was significantly lower proportion of hypotensive waves and significantly higher proportion of normotensive waves in non-eradicated patients. All symptom scores were significantly reduced in the post-treatment period compared to baseline, to values that were similar among the three groups, in the post-treatment period. In the post-treatment period, erosive esophagitis was significantly less frequent on those not eradicated. CONCLUSION: Manometric, clinical and endoscopic data showed no benefit in eradicating H. pylori in GERD. Our data supports the hypothesis that H. pylori eradication does not influence GERD.
Aneurismas saculares: avaliação experimental de procedimento terapeutico por via intravascular
Authors: Siqueira Mario G. , Vieira Ivoney A. , Cilião Elizeu A. , Guerra Dora M. G.
Published: March 2017

Visando à avaliar a possibilidade de ocluir aneurismas saculares através da injeção intra-vascular por cateterismo super-seletivo de um adesivo tecidual, os autores injetaram Bucrylat (isobutil-2-cianoacrilato) no interior de quatorze aneurismas produzidos artificialmente em artérias carótidas de cães. Estudos angiográficos realizados imediatamente antes e depois da injeção e 1 mês após o tratamento revelaram uma oclusão progressiva e persistente dos aneurismas. Os exemplares examinados histologicamente 1 mês após a injeção demonstraram a presença de uma faixa fibrosa endotelializada cruzando o colo do aneurisma, o que parece indicar o caráter permanente da oclusão dos aneurismas tratados. Em nosso estudo, a reação tecidual ao adesivo foi discreta e restrita à íntima das artérias. A aplicação clínica deste método dependerá dos avanços nas técnicas de cateterização intracraniana super-seletiva, que irão permitir um cateterismo preciso e seguro da câmara aneurismática.
Hematoma cerebelar espontâneo: análise de 23 casos
Authors: Rial J. P. , Vilalta J. , Guitart J.M. , Rúbio E.
Published: March 2017

Uma série de 23 pacientes com hematoma espontâneo de cerebelo é analisada retrospectivamente, mostrando que: todos apresentavam algum grau de diminuição do nível de consciência e cefaléia; 12 apresentavam déficits motores dentre os sinais clínicos mais importantes. Dos antecedentes patológicos destacam-se hipertensão arterial (69,5%) e diabetes (34%), havendo associação de ambos em 30% dos casos. Dos aspectos da tomografia computadorizada (TC) mais relevantes a dilatação ventricular aguda, encontrada em 69,5% dos pacientes, associada ou não a presença de sangue intraventricular, é considerada sinal de mau prognóstico, indicando por si só terapêutica de urgência. A melhor abordagem cirúrgica para a maioria desses casos é a drenagem ventricular externa de urgência, reservando a craniectomia da fossa posterior para esvaziamento do hematoma para casos específicos. A mortalidade e a morbidade desta patologia é alta; porém, pela TC o diagnóstico se tornou mais rápido e eficiente. Os pacientes desta série puderam beneficiar-se deste procedimento, como se verifica quando comparados a pacientes de outras séries, diagnosticados por outros métodos.
Cerebral evoked potentials in human chronic Chagas' disease
Authors: Genovese O. M. , Sanz Olga P. , Correale J. , Erro Marcela Garcia , Sica R. E. P.
Published: March 2017

Seventy five patients with the diagnosis of chronic Chagas' disease were studied by employing EPs techniques. Two of them had delayed arrival of the signal to the Erb's point and one to the spinal cord when looking at SEPs. TWo patients had increment of the time interval between waves 1st and IIIrd, when studying PEATs. These findings were interpreted as due to peripheral nerve fibers damage, a feature described in previous papers. The, most striking finding was the prolonged time interval between waves N13 and N20 (SEPs) found in two patients and between waves IIIrd and Vth (PEAT) seen in 7 affected subjects. These observations suggested the development of some sort of CNS involvement, perhaps related to myelin damage, in patients who reached the chronic state of the infection.
Esclerose múltipla: estudo clínico e patológico de um caso
Authors: Lancellotti Carmen L. Penteado , Paslar Eliana A. Luckner , D'Andretta Neto Carlos , Atra Mauro , Tilbery Charles P.
Published: March 2017

Apresentamos um caso com diagnóstico definido de esclerose múltipla confirmado pelos achados necroscópicos. Os aspectos anatomopatológicos nessa doença são bem conhecidos e têm sido referidos por vários autores. O objetivo desta apresentação é a divulgação do primeiro caso de esclerose múltipla autopsiado na Santa Casa de São Paulo, onde já foram realizadas cerca de 30500 autópsias. Os achados macro e microscópicos observados no sistema nervoso central, com placas de desmielinização em fases diferentes de aíividade, são características da doença. A detecção de imunoglobulinas nessas placas, pelo método de imuno-histoquímica, adicionou aos achados morfológicos a hipótese patogênica de uma doença imunologicamente mediada.
Tratamento de fistula carótido-cavernosa revisão histórica
Authors: Amâncio Edson J. , Settanni Flávio A. P.
Published: March 2017

Os autores apresentam detalhada revisão histórica das várias técnicas empregadas no tratamento da fistula carótido-cavernosa.
Expressão antigênica em carcinomas do plexo coróide humano: relato de dois casos
Authors: Almeida M. C. , Bacc'hi C. E. , Queiroz L. S. , Facure N. O.
Published: March 2017

Neoplasias provenientes do epitélio de revestimento do plexo coróide são inco-muns, tendo sido descritos 6 padrões morfológicos. O padrão anaplásico, também denominado carcinoma do plexo coróide, é o de menor freqüência e pode dar metastases fora do SNC. A distinção histológica desses tumores, particularmente da variedade anaplásica, com outras neoplasias primárias e metastáticas no SNC pode ser difícil. O uso de técnicas imunocitoquimicas em parafina tem-se mostrado útil no esclarecimento das linhagens tumorais. Os papilomas do plexo coróide têm, no entanto, sido objeto de controvérsia, por sua complexa expressão antigênica. Usando a técnica de imunoperoxidase (sistema avidina-biotina-peroxidase) pesquisaram-se, em dois casos da variedade anaplásica, os seguintes marcadores: proteína glial fibrilar ácida (GFAP) com anticorpo monoclonal e policlonal; ceratinas de 40-50kDa, ceratinas de 60-70kDa (callus ceratina), enolase neuronal específica (NSE) e proteína S-100, com anticorpos monoclonais. Os dois tumores mostraram positividade para NSE, proteína S-100 e ceratina de 40-50kDa; uma das duas neoplasias mostrou diferenciação glial, revelando positividade para GFAP tanto com anticorpo monoclonal quanto policlonal.