bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Diagnostic Approaches and Challenges in the Management of HIV: Bridging Basic Science and Clinical Practice
Authors: Afzal Mohd , Agarwal Shagun , Elshaikh Rabab H. , Babker Asaad M. A. , Osman Einas Awad Ibrahim , Choudhary Ranjay Kumar , Jaiswal Suresh , Zahir Farhana , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar , Abbas Anass M. , Shalabi Manar G. , Sah Ashok Kumar
Published: January 2025

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health challenge globally. Recent innovations in diagnostic technology have opened new pathways for early detection, ongoing monitoring, and more individualized patient care, yet significant barriers persist in translating these advancements into clinical settings. This review highlights the cutting-edge diagnostic methods emerging from basic science research, including molecular assays, biosensors, and next-generation sequencing, and discusses the practical and logistical challenges involved in their implementation. By analyzing current trends in diagnostic techniques and management strategies, we identify critical gaps and propose integrative approaches to bridge the divide between laboratory innovation and effective clinical application. This work emphasizes the need for comprehensive education, supportive infrastructure, and multi-disciplinary collaborations to enhance the utility of these diagnostic innovations in improving outcomes in patients with HIV.
Preparation and Study of Physicochemical and Adsorption Properties of Alginate Composites
Authors: Wasilewska Małgorzata , Gubernat Sylwia , Gil-Kulik Paulina
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the preparation and study of the properties of alginate materials, which were obtained on the basis of sodium alginate, activated carbon, cellulose, and calcium chloride. Alginate–carbon (AlgCa + C) and alginate–cellulose (AlgCa + Cel) composites, as well as pure calcium alginate (AlgCa) for comparative purposes, were obtained. Their textural (nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms), morphological (scanning electron microscopy), thermal (thermal analysis), and acid–base (pH drift method) properties, as well as the swelling index, were investigated. Additionally, to determine the adsorption properties, comprehensive equilibrium and kinetic studies of the adsorption of sodium salts of ibuprofen (IBP), diclofenac (D), and naproxen (NPX) from aqueous solutions on biocomposities were carried out. Adsorption isotherms were fitted using the Marczewski–Jaroniec isotherm equation (R2 = 0.941–0.988). Data on the adsorption rate were analyzed using simple kinetic equations, of which the best quality of fit was obtained using the multi-exponential equation (R2 − 1 = (3.9 × 10−4)–(6.9 × 10−4)). The highest obtained adsorption values were reached in systems with alginate–carbon composite and were 1.23 mmol/g for NPX, 0.81 mmol/g for D, and 0.43 mmol/g for IBP. The AlgCa + C material was characterized by a large specific surface area (1151 m2/g), a high degree of swelling (300%) and high resistance to high temperatures.
Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Factors Underlying Mature Fruit Pericarp Color Variations in the ‘Xinli No. 7’ Pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis)
Authors: Wang Yi , Lu Can , Yan Pan , An Shijie , Ma Ling , Zheng Qiangqing , Deng Yonghui , Chen Qiling
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: The ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear is a new pear variety with the advantages of early ripening, high quality, high storage resistance, and a long shelf life. Peel color is an important appearance-related trait and an important indicator of fruit quality and commercial value. Methods: In this study, we investigated the polyphenol compound biosynthesis metabolic pathway in the fruit pericarp of ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear using metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches, and qRT–PCR was used for the relative expression analysis of 21 DEGs associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. Results: A total of 128 phenolic compounds were identified, along with 1850 differently expressed genes (DEGs) in peels of different colors. Caftaric acid, apigenin, astragalin, phlorizin, prunin, taxifolin, rutin, naringenin, and their derivatives were abundant in the peel of ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear. An integrated analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed that one PGT1, one LAR, two ANS, three 4CL, one CHS, one DFR, and one CHI gene involved in flavonoid biosynthesis exhibited markedly different expression levels in the fruit pericarp of ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear. Metabolic profiling of pear skin led to the identification of polyphenol substances involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic process and revealed 16 flavonoid compounds with high accumulation in pear fruit with red skin (PR). Notably, MYBs (25), bHLHs (18), WRKYs (15), NACs (15), ERFs (15), and MADs (2) may also contribute to the accumulation of flavonoid metabolites and the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in the peel of ‘Xinli No. 7’. Conclusions: Therefore, our results demonstrate the key role of phenolic compounds and candidate transcription factors involved in the peel color formation of ‘Xinli No. 7’ pear fruit.
Evaluating the In Situ Effects of Whole Protein Coronas on the Biosensing of Antibody-Immobilized Nanoparticles Using Two-Color Fluorescence Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Authors: Joung Heeju , Jang Gwi Ju , Jeong Ji Yeon , Lim Goeun , Han Sang Yun
Published: January 2025

The formation of protein coronas around engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in biological environments is critical in nanomedicine, as these coronas significantly influence the biological behavior of ENPs. Despite extensive research on protein coronas, understanding the in situ influence of whole (soft plus hard) protein coronas has remained challenging. In this study, we demonstrate a strategy to assess the in situ effects of whole coronas on the model biosensing of anti-IgG using IgG-conjugated gold nanoparticles (IgG-AuNPs) through fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis (F-NTA), which enables the selective tracking of fluorescent particles within complex media. In our approach, anti-IgG and IgG-AuNPs were labeled with distinct fluorescent dyes. The accordance in hydrodynamic diameter distributions observed at two different wavelengths verifies the successful capture of anti-IgG on the IgG-AuNPs. The counting of fluorescent anti-IgG within the size distribution allows for a quantitative assessment of biosensing efficiency. This method was applied to evaluate the effects of four protein coronas—human serum albumin, high-density lipoproteins, immunoglobulin G, and fibrinogen—as well as their mixture across varying incubation times and concentrations. The results suggest that the physical presence of whole protein coronas surrounding the IgG-AuNPs may assist the biosensing interaction in situ rather than screening it.
Microfluidic-Assisted Silk Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Epirubicin and Copper Sulphide: A Synergistic Photothermal–Photodynamic Chemotherapy Against Breast Cancer
Authors: Gao Zijian , Mansor Muhamad Hawari , Howard Faith , MacInnes Jordan , Zhao Xiubo , Muthana Munitta
Published: January 2025

Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has emerged as a promising non-invasive cancer treatment, addressing issues like drug resistance and systemic toxicity common in conventional breast cancer therapies. Recent research has shown that copper sulphide (CuS) nanoparticles and polydopamine (PDA) exhibit exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, making them valuable for cancer phototherapy. However, the effectiveness of PDT is limited in hypoxic tumour environments, which are common in many breast cancer types, due to its reliance on local oxygen levels. Moreover, single-modality approaches, including phototherapy, often prove insufficient for complete tumour elimination, despite their therapeutic strength. In this paper, a microfluidic-assisted approach was used to create multifunctional silk-based nanoparticles (SFNPs) encapsulating the chemotherapeutic drug Epirubicin (EPI), the PTT/PDT agent CuS, and the heat-activated, oxygen-independent alkyl radical generator AIPH for combined chemotherapy, PTT, and PDT, with a polydopamine (PDA) coating for enhanced photothermal effects and surface-bound folic acid (FA) for targeted delivery in breast cancer treatment. The synthesised CuS-EPI-AIPH@SF-PDA-FA nanoparticles achieved a controlled size of 378 nm, strong NIR absorption, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. Under 808 nm NIR irradiation, these nanoparticles selectively triggered the release of alkyl radicals and EPI, improving intracellular drug levels and effectively killing various breast cancer cell lines while demonstrating low toxicity to non-cancerous cells. We demonstrate that novel core–shell CuS-EPI-AIPH@SF-PDA-FA NPs have been successfully designed as a multifunctional nanoplatform integrating PTT, PDT, and chemotherapy for targeted, synergistic breast cancer treatment.
Severe Headache and Deterioration of Vision in Left Eye in a Chronic Hemodialysis Patient Revealing a Brown Tumor of Sphenoid Sinus
Authors: Esselmani Hicham , Aimrane Abdelmohcine , Chatoui Hicham , El Hiba Omar , Najimi Mustapha , Merzouki Mohamed
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Brown tumors are rare bone lesions associated with hyperparathyroidism, particularly secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), in chronic renal failure. While brown tumors commonly affect bones rich in marrow, the involvement of the sphenoid sinus is extremely rare and can present with neurological symptoms. This study reports a case of a sphenoid sinus brown tumor in a patient on hemodialysis, highlighting its clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges. Methods: A 31-year-old woman undergoing chronic hemodialysis presented with a severe headache, diplopia, and progressive vision loss in her left eye. Laboratory tests revealed hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, consistent with SHPT. The diagnosis was confirmed through a clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The clinical examination confirmed decreased visual acuity in the left eye. The laboratory results revealed serum calcium of 15.5 mg/dL, phosphate of 1.0 mg/dL, and PTH of 2000 pg/mL, consistent with SHPT. The imaging studies identified a brown tumor in the sphenoid sinus exerting a mass effect on adjacent structures. This case underscores the rarity of brown tumors in this location, with very few similar reports in the literature. Conclusions: Although rare, brown tumors should be considered in patients with SHPT who present with neurological symptoms or cranial lesions. An early diagnosis through biochemical and imaging studies is crucial to prevent severe complications. The management involves treating the underlying hyperparathyroidism, with surgical intervention indicated in cases of neural compression.
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Survival in Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Grinstead Christina , Yoon Saunjoo L.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Malnutrition is a major contributor to poor treatment and survival outcomes in pancreatic cancer, yet nutritional assessment is not standardized or consistently implemented in the care of oncology patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), calculated from serum albumin and body weight, may be useful as a practical tool for identifying patients at risk of poor nutritional status. Purpose: To provide a preliminary analysis using a limited selection of variables to examine the association of the GNRI at diagnosis and the GNRI change over time with overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included 314 patients aged ≥18 years with pancreatic cancer. The GNRI was calculated at diagnosis and ≥30 days later. Patients were categorized by the GNRI at diagnosis (no risk >98, any risk ≤98) and change in the GNRI over time (no change/increase, mild decrease, and severe decrease). Additional variables included were demographics and stage. Comparative analysis included t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Median survival was significantly decreased in patients in the any-nutritional-risk group compared to the no-nutritional-risk group at diagnosis (442 vs. 1105 days), and those experiencing severe decreases in the GNRI scores compared to mild decreases and no change or increases (372.5 vs. 712 vs. 1791 days), respectively. Survival analysis stratified by the GNRI at diagnosis shows that both mild (HR 2.19, 95%, and CI 1.46–3.30) and severe decreases (HR 4.04, 95%, and CI 2.64–6.18) in the GNRI scores were independently associated with decreased survival versus no change or increase in the GNRI group after controlling for stage. Log-rank tests also show patients with any nutritional risk at diagnosis had significantly lower survival than those with no nutritional risk (p = 0.00052). Conclusions: Lower GNRI scores showing greater nutritional risk at diagnosis and decreasing GNRI scores over time were predictors of decreased survival in pancreatic cancer. Our findings indicate that the GNRI may be valid and effective for the early identification of patients with a high nutritional risk who require nutritional interventions to improve outcomes in pancreatic cancer. However, more research is needed using larger samples and a greater variety of variables to confirm the presence and strength of this relationship, examine the effect of patient factors known to be associated with survival and nutrition, and explore potential influential confounders.
The Association Between Serum Ergothioneine Concentration and Japanese Dietary Habits: The Third Survey of the ROAD Study
Authors: Suzuki Kosuke , Kaneda Yoshihisa , Izumo Takayuki , Nakao Yoshihiro , Iidaka Toshiko , Horii Chiaki , Muraki Shigeyuki , Oka Hiroyuki , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Akune Toru , Hashizume Hiroshi , Yamada Hiroshi , Nakamura Kozo , Tanaka Sakae , Yoshimura Noriko
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: As a result of aging societies, the increasing number of older adults requiring nursing care has become a serious issue and the extension of healthy life expectancy has become an urgent priority. Ergothioneine (EGT) is a sulfur-containing amino acid found in foods such as mushrooms. Low EGT blood concentrations have been reported to be associated with the risk of onset and progression of various diseases. However, the distribution of EGT blood concentrations and their association with dietary habits in the Japanese general population remains unclear. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the third survey of the Research on Osteoarthritis/osteoporosis Against Disability (ROAD) study, which analyzed 1457 participants (474 men and 983 women) aged ≥ 40 years. Serum EGT concentrations and their association with dietary habits were analyzed. Results: Serum EGT concentrations (1) peaked in the 70s in men and the 60s in women, (2) were higher in women than in men, and (3) showed a significant positive correlation with fish intake and nutrients commonly found in fish. Conclusions: In the present study, we report for the first time an age- and sex-specific serum EGT distribution in a Japanese population and its association with dietary habits, particularly fish intake. These findings help define normal and abnormal EGT levels and suggest new potential sources of EGT.
Treasures Induced by Narrow-Spectrum: Volatile Phenylpropanoid and Terpene Compounds in Leaves of Lemon Basil (Ocimum × citriodorum Vis.), Sweet Basil (O. basilicum L.) and Bush Basil (O. minimum L.) Under Artificial Light City Farm Conditions
Authors: Shirokova Anna V. , Dzhatdoeva Sofya A. , Ruzhitskiy Alexander O. , Belopukhov Sergey L. , Dmitrieva Valeria L. , Luneva Victoria E. , Dmitriev Lev B. , Kharchenko Victor A. , Kochkarov Azret A. , Sadykhov Elchin G.
Published: January 2025

The cultivation of aromatic plants that are valuable for nutritional and medical aims under artificial conditions with narrow-band LED lighting is becoming widespread. A comparison of the effects of conventional basil field and greenhouse conditions and a city farm (CF) with LED lighting on essential oil and its components was studied in Ocimum × citriodorum Vis. “Kapriz” (OcK), O. basilicum L. “Queen Sheba” (ObQS) and O. minimum L. “Vasilisk” (OmV). Essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation from dry leaves of the basil varieties. EO composition was studied by gas chromatography, while the number of glandular trichomes was studied by scanning electron microscopy. We found that in leaves of CF plants, ObQS and OmV increased EO yield (22.9 and 22.7 g/kg DW, respectively) compared to field conditions (10.9 and 13.7 g/kg DW, respectively). The number of glands with four-celled heads also increased. In OcK plants, the amount of EO was almost unchanged, but the number of capitate glandular trichomes was strongly increased. Biochemical analysis showed that in CF plants compared to field ones, eugenol accumulated 40% more in ObQS and three times more in OmV. In addition, 10.9% estragol was detected in the leaves of OcK plants, which was absent in field plants. Thus, LED lighting conditions increased the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid volatile components in Ocimum.
Seasonal Variation in Nutritional and Chemical Profiles of Wild Opuntia ficus-indica Fruits
Authors: Jorge Ana O. S. , Costa Anabela S. G. , Ferreira Diana Melo , Oliveira Maria Beatriz P. P.
Published: January 2025

Opuntia, a cactus known for its edible fruit, produces both summer and winter fruit with distinct nutritional profiles. This study, using samples from the same plant in Northeast Portugal, revealed that winter seeds contain 2.4 times more fructose and 1.8 times more total sugars than summer seeds. Winter samples also showed a 2.3-fold increase in α-tocopherol content (11.69 mg/kg vs. 5.17 mg/kg in summer) and higher moisture (seed moisture: 54.96% vs. 49.52%). The peel consistently displayed the highest antioxidant activity, with summer samples generally having stronger antioxidant status. Interestingly, no statistical significance was found for the antioxidant activity or bioactive in the seed, both remaining constant between seasons. The fatty acid composition remained largely consistent, with linoleic acid as the dominant component (57–59%), though winter oil showed slightly higher saturation. Nutritional content was higher in winter samples, while bioactive constituents were more abundant in summer, and fatty acid composition remained stable across both seasons. These results emphasize the impact of seasonality on the nutritional and bioactive properties of Opuntia fruits.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Protective Coatings in Preventing Steel Corrosion in the Marine Environment
Authors: Bogatu Nicoleta , Buruiana Daniela Laura , Muresan Alina Crina , Ghisman Viorica , Lupu Anca , Mardare Laurentiu , Herbei Elena Emanuela , Basliu Vasile , Ceoromila Alina , Florescu Stefan
Published: January 2025

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of protective coatings in preventing the corrosion of steel in the marine environment. Electrochemical tests were performed on S355JR steel immersed in natural seawater (Black Sea, Port Constanta) over a period of 22 weeks, using electrochemical techniques such as the evolution of the open circuit potential (OCP) and linear polarization resistance to calculate Rp and the corrosion rate (Vcorr). The investigated steel surfaces included (a) S355JR steel blasted with Al2O3, (b) S355JR steel blasted and coated with epoxy primer enriched with zinc, (c) S355JR steel blasted and coated with epoxy primer and polyurethane paint, and (d) S355JR steel blasted and subsequently coated with epoxy primer and then polyurethane paint to which kreutzonit particles had been added. The proportion of kreutzonit particles added to the polyurethane paint was 2 wt% of the total mass of the paint. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to morphological analyses and cross-sectional analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), topographical characterization (roughness and microhardness), and structural assessments (FTIR and XRD), as well as an analysis of hydrophobicity (contact angle). The results of this study revealed significant differences in corrosion behavior between the different surfaces and coatings tested. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the coating with epoxy primer and polyurethane paint to which kreutzonit particles had been added provided the best corrosion protection in the marine environment during immersion.
ACCURACy: A Novel Calibration Framework for CubeSat Radiometer Constellations
Authors: Bradburn John , Aksoy Mustafa , Apudo Lennox , Vukolov Varvara , Ashley Henry , VanAllen Dylan
Published: January 2025

As a result of progress in space technology, more scientific missions are benefiting from using CubeSats equipped with radiometers. CubeSat constellations are especially effective in overcoming obstacles in cost, weight, and power. However, these benefits have certain significant downsides, including the difficulty in calibration due to the increased sensitivity of instruments to ambient conditions. Such limitations prevent conventional calibration methods from being reliably applied to CubeSat radiometers. A novel, constellation-level calibration framework called “Adaptive Calibration of CubeSat Radiometer Constellations (ACCURACy)” is being developed to address this issue. ACCURACy, in its current version, uses telemetry data obtained from thermistors in each CubeSat to cluster constellation members into time-adaptive groups of radiometers in similar states. Each radiometer is assigned membership to a cluster and this status is updated as in-orbit measurements shift in the clustering model. This paper introduces the ACCURACy framework, discusses its theoretical background, and presents a MATLAB prototype with performance and uncertainty analyses using synthetic radiometer data in comparison with traditional radiometer calibration methods.
Integrating Climate Data and Remote Sensing for Maize and Wheat Yield Modelling in Ethiopia’s Key Agricultural Region
Authors: Kassa Asfaw Kebede , Zeng Hongwei , Wu Bingfang , Zhang Miao , Tsehai Kibebew Kibret , Qin Xingli , Gebremicael Tesfay G.
Published: January 2025

Traditional methods for crop data collection are labor-intensive, inefficient and, more costly compared to remote sensing (RS) techniques. This study aims to identify key climatic variables influencing maize and wheat yields and develop predictive models while also evaluating the performance of the CropWatch cloud yield prediction model (CW_YPM) in major agricultural regions of Ethiopia. Climate data from 54 meteorological stations spanning 2000–2021 were analyzed. RS data, including NDVI from MODIS at 250 m resolution, agroecological zones, and observed crop yield data, were utilized for model prediction and validation. Correlation analysis and a stepwise modeling approach with multiple regression models were applied. The results revealed regional variations in the effects of climatic parameters on yields, with vapor pressure deficits showing negative correlations and rainfall exhibiting positive correlations. Non-linear models generally outperformed linear models in yield prediction—using both climate-only (CO) and combined climate-NDVI data. The best CO model for maize in the Horo Guduru area achieved an RMSE of 0.392 tons/ha, an R2 of 0.94, and an index of agreement (d) of 0.984. Incorporating NDVI improved accuracy, with the best maize model in the Illu Ababor area achieving an RMSE of 0.477 tons/ha, an R2 of 0.91, and d of 0.976. CW_YPM also performed effectively across the study area. This research highlights the value of integrating critical climatic variables with the NDVI to enhance crop yield forecasting in Ethiopia, thereby-supporting agricultural planning and food security initiatives.
Numerical Analysis of Crack Path Effects on the Vibration Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy Beams and Its Identification via Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Doğanay Katı Hilal , Buhari Jamilu , Francese Arturo , He Feiyang , Khan Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Understanding and predicting the behaviour of fatigue cracks are essential for ensuring safety, optimising maintenance strategies, and extending the lifespan of critical components in industries such as aerospace, automotive, civil engineering and energy. Traditional methods using vibration-based dynamic responses have provided effective tools for crack detection but often fail to predict crack propagation paths accurately. This study focuses on identifying crack propagation paths in an aluminium alloy 2024-T42 cantilever beam using dynamic response through numerical simulations and artificial neural networks (ANNs). A unified damping ratio of the specimens was measured using an ICP® accelerometer vibration sensor for the numerical simulation. Through systematic investigation of 46 crack paths of varying depths and orientations, it was observed that the crack propagation path significantly influenced the beam’s natural frequencies and resonance amplitudes. The results indicated a decreasing frequency trend and an increasing amplitude trend as the propagation angle changed from vertical to inclined. A similar trend was observed when the crack path changed from a predominantly vertical orientation to a more complex path with varying angles. Using ANNs, a model was developed to predict natural frequencies and amplitudes from the given crack paths, achieving a high accuracy with a mean absolute percentage error of 1.564%.
Consumer Orientation and Market-Driven Strategies for Promoting Low-Carbon Innovation in Supply Chains: Pathways to Sustainable Development
Authors: Peng Ling , Fan Zhen , Zhang Xuming
Published: January 2025

As environmental challenges become increasingly pressing, companies are integrating low-carbon innovations into supply chain management to achieve economic performance while promoting environmental sustainability and social responsibility. This study explores how low-carbon innovation in supply chains can be driven by consumer orientation and market-driven strategies, contributing to sustainable development. Using Stackelberg game theory, the study develops centralized and decentralized decision-making models and solves them through differential game methods. Numerical simulations are employed to analyze the impact of consumer preferences for low-carbon products and market strategies on supply chain decisions and overall profitability. The results show that consumer demand for low-carbon products plays a crucial role in driving low-carbon innovation within supply chains. Market strategies, particularly their sensitivity to consumer preferences, significantly influence decision-making processes. Further analysis reveals that the centralized decision-making model offers greater advantages in resource optimization and responsiveness to market shifts, while the decentralized model allows independent decision-making by supply chain participants, balancing competition and co-operation. This enables firms to achieve both economic benefits and reduce their environmental footprint, thereby contributing to sustainable development. This research highlights the importance of aligning consumer demand with market strategies to foster low-carbon innovation. The findings provide valuable theoretical insights and practical strategies to help supply chain companies enhance their competitiveness and contribute to the sustainable development of global supply chains.
Urban Quality: A Remote-Sensing-Perspective Review
Authors: Lima Luana Brito , Franca Rocha Washington J. S. , Souza Deorgia T. M. , Lobão Jocimara S. B. , de Santana Mariana M. M. , Cambui Elaine C. B. , Vasconcelos Rodrigo N.
Published: January 2025

The assessment of urban ecological quality through remote sensing has gained prominence in recent years, due to the need for effective urban monitoring and improved territorial planning. This study presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of urban ecological-quality research from 1997 to 2023, focusing on trends, influential publications, and methodologies. From 1997 to 2023, research on urban ecological quality grew significantly, with annual publications increasing from 0.3 in the 1990s to six in the 2020s, driven by technological advancements, global collaboration, and alignment with policy goals like the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Co-occurrence network analysis revealed six key research clusters, highlighting advancements in methodologies, spatial data integration, remote sensing, green sustainability, and multi-criteria frameworks, showcasing the field’s interdisciplinary evolution. China leads contributions, with 33.3% of research, followed by the United States and other countries, emphasizing robust international collaborations. Journals like Remote Sensing and Sustainability dominate, with highly cited publications from the 2010s and 2020s shaping the field’s direction. Prominent authors such as Xu H. and Zhang X. have played critical roles, though engagement in the field has surged more recently. Remote-sensing technologies, particularly in China, have been pivotal, with indices like the Remote-Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) and its derivatives broadening analytical frameworks. These tools integrate ecological, socio-economic, and policy dimensions, aligning with global sustainability objectives and enhancing the field’s capacity to address urban ecological challenges and promote sustainable urban development. Urban ecological-quality research has evolved significantly, driven by advancements in remote sensing, interdisciplinary methods, and global collaboration. Future efforts should focus on expanding cross-regional studies, integrating comprehensive socio-economic and environmental indicators, and utilizing emerging technologies like machine learning, deep learning, and AI to address urbanization challenges and support sustainable development.
Experiment-Based Design of Stirling Cryocooler Compressor Using Response-Controlled Testing
Authors: Güçyılmaz Çetin Suna , Karaağaçlı Taylan , Ertas Ahmet H.
Published: January 2025

Flexure-based Stirling cryocooler compressors are a critical technology in providing cryogenic temperatures in various advanced engineering fields, such as aerospace, defense, and medical imaging. The most challenging problem in the design of this type of compressor is achieving a precise alignment that preserves small gaps between the components moving relative to each other and avoids severe friction and wear. This paper introduces a novel experimental procedure for designing Stirling cryocooler compressors, leveraging a recently developed nonlinear experimental modal analysis method known as response-controlled stepped-sine testing (RCT). The alignment in a compressor prototype was significantly improved in light of a series of RCT with base excitation. The enhanced compressor design was subsequently validated though a series of constant-current tests, which confirmed the elimination of the sticking/locking phenomenon observed in the initial design. Furthermore, an indirect harmonic force surface (HFS)-based approach proposed for weakly nonlinear systems was extended to identify the high and nonlinear damping (up to a 65% hysteretic modal damping ratio) observed in the enhanced compressor design due to excessive friction. As another contribution, it was shown that the extrapolation of the HFS gives accurate results in the prediction of the nonlinear modal parameters at response levels where no experimental data are available. In light of these findings, it was concluded that the enhanced design needs further design modifications to further decrease the friction and wear between the moving parts. Overall, this study provides valuable insights for designing cryocooler compressors, with implications for aerospace and medical applications.
Changes in Hydrothermal Conditions During the Spring Maize Growth Period in Inner Mongolia from 1961 to 2020 and Their Impact on the Meteorological Yield
Authors: Qiao Shuaishuai , Yang Xiujuan , Yang Feng , Han Congying , Chen Xuan , Zhou Hui , Liu Ye , Cui Chao
Published: January 2025

Climate change has led to significant changes in water and heat conditions in crop production areas, which have in turn affected the spring maize growth and yield. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of the water and heat conditions, such as the growth degree-day (GDD), killing degree-day (KDD), sunshine hours (SD), effective precipitation (Pe), and irrigation water requirement (IR), of spring maize in Inner Mongolia based on data from 50 meteorological stations. The relationship between hydrothermal conditions and yield was revealed using methods that included stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that the GDD during the spring maize growth period ranged from 513 to 2011 °C, with high-value areas concentrated in western and southeastern regions of Inner Mongolia. The GDD showed an increasing trend during all the growth periods. High-KDD areas were mainly distributed in the Alxa League region in western Inner Mongolia, and the KDD showed an increasing trend during all periods except the rapid fertility period. The spatial distribution of the SD was consistent with that of the GDD, and the SD values for each reproductive period showed a decreasing trend. The average Pe and IR values in the last 60 years were 111 mm and 386 mm, respectively, and showed opposite spatial distribution trends. The overall Pe trend was decreasing and that of the IR was increasing, which will aggravate future water resource consumption in the region. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the Pe was the main factor affecting the spring maize yield. Overall, the spring maize fertility period in various regions of Inner Mongolia was extremely uneven in terms of the hydrothermal conditions. This study provides a basis for the regional spatial spring maize layout and the sustainable use of water and heat resources in the region.
Factors associated with link workers considering leaving their role: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Tierney Stephanie , Moore Lucy , Westlake Debra , Mahtani Kamal , Nunan David , Husk Kerryn , Dawson Shoba , Smith Jane , Fuller Emma , Sabir Lilly , Roberts Pauline , Ukoumunne Obioha
Published: January 2025

Background

Social prescribing (SP) link workers (LWs) listen to patients’ concerns and difficulties, and connect them to relevant community assets (groups/organisations/charities) that can help with their non-medical issues (eg, loneliness, debt, housing). LW retention is key to sustaining SP within primary care.

Aim

To examine occupational self-efficacy, job discrepancy and other factors as potential predictors of LWs’ intentions to leave or remain in their post.

Design & setting

Cross-sectional survey involving LWs from the United Kingdom.

Method

An online questionnaire was distributed via SP-related organisations. Questions were on: a) intention to leave the role, b) demographics, and c) role experience, including occupational self-efficacy and discrepancy between expectations and reality of the job. Questions were mainly closed, although some allowed LWs to provide a written response. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify predictors, and content analysis used to categorise open ended responses.

Results

342 questionnaire responses were included in the analysis.Higherjob discrepancy was associated with past (odds ratio [OR] per 30 unitincrease=6.86; 95% CI: 3.91 to 12.0;P=0.003) and future (OR=4.86; 95% CI: 2.70 to 8.72;P<0.001) intentions to leave, whilstloweroccupational self-efficacy was associated only with past intentions to leave (OR per 10 unitdecrease=1.91; 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.93;P=0.003).

Conclusion

Findings highlight factors influencing LW retention, offering a foundation for targeted interventions, which could include clearer communication about the role during recruitment, and adjusting job descriptions and support when required.
Pelarangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Wanita Menerima Poligami Prespektif Maqashid Syariah
Authors: Ramadhani Salmaa Al Zahra
Published: January 2025

Maqashid Sharia is the realization of the maker of sharia and law that can be taken from the value or meaning of sharia texts that have been studied by scholars and find the meaning and wisdom of sharia law that applies to get the benefits and benefits of the regulations that have been carried out. This research method uses normative legal research by finding an answer to various kinds of problems based on normative logic which is not only based on statutory regulations. This study discusses the prohibition of women who are civil servants to become second / third / and fourth wives in Government Regulation Number 45 of 1990 concerning Marriage and Divorce Permits for Civil Servants as a control of the lives of civil servants in the midst of society with the needs and demands of life faced and a way to prevent family problems among State officials such as divorce, infidelity and polygamy, so this regulation will help the State in controlling the behavior of its employees.
Status Istri dan Hukum Pernikahan pada Kasus Tindak Pidana dalam Pernikahan
Authors: Aulia Annisa Rachma , Vachruddin Vrisko
Published: January 2025

Pernikahan merupakan sebuah ikatan suci antara seorang laki-laki yang berperan sebagai suami dan seorang wanita yang berperan sebagai istri guna membentuk keluarga yang kekal berasaskan Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa. Peran suami pada dasarnya ialah memberikan nafkah lahir kepada istri dan anak serta nafkah batin. Beberapa kasus terjadi Ketika suami terkena hukum pidana maka akan terputus penghasilan suami untuk memberikan nafkah lahir kepada istri. Maka akan muncul permasalahan terkait status istri serta hak nafkah yang tidak diterimakan kepadanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hak nafkah istri dalam kasus suami yang terpidana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review dengan melalui tahapan planning, conducting, dan reporting. Â Suami yang terpidana masih berkewajiban untuk memberi nafkah sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Apabila seorang suami tidak mampu memberikan nafkah istri dapat membantu untuk mencari nafkah. Namun seorang istri yang sudah merasa tidak nyaman dan tidak mampu untuk menunggu suaminya bebas dari hukumannya, istri diperbolehkan mengajukan gugatan cerai
Pewarisan Anak Di Luar Nikah Dalam Perspektif Mazhab Syafiâ€™i Dan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/Puu-Viii/2010
Authors: Suroaji Ahmad , Hudi Hudi , Munasir Munasir
Published: January 2025

This research was motivated by the large number of children born outside of legal marriage or adultery. According to the Syafi'i School, children born out of wedlock cannot inherit from each other because the status of the father and the child's lineage has been absolutely severed, and the child only inherits from the mother and the mother's relatives. Meanwhile, in the Constitutional Court decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Children born out of wedlock only have a civil relationship with their mother and relatives of their mother and a man as their father who can be proven based on science and technology or other evidence according to the law to have a blood relationship, including a civil relationship with their father's family. The aim of this research is to find out the inheritance rights and position of illegitimate children from the perspective of the Syafi'i School and the perspective of the Constitutional Court. The method in this research uses qualitative research through literature study. The data used is primary and secondary data, this type of research is a descriptive analytical literature study, namely research that includes the process of collecting data, compiling and explaining the data and is related to the inheritance of children outside of marriage from the perspective of the Syafi'i School and the perspective of the Constitutional Court. Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010.
Planitium et vicaria Planzes : deux cas de godant dans la toponymie gardoise ?
Authors: Casado Pierre
Published: January 2025

La présente étude a pour but de démontrer la nécessité, en bonne méthode scientifique, de recourir aux documents premiers plutôt qu’aux informations de seconde main présentées dans des publications postérieures, et reconduites sans analyse critique par d’autres auteurs successifs. Ainsi par la lecture du cartulaire d’Aniane le toponyme Planittum s’est imposé comme nouvelle leçon au lieu de Planitium proposé jusqu’à présent ; avec la mise en correspondance avec sa forme moderne Planet , toponyme de la commune de Montclus (Gard), il a été possible d’identifier et de localiser ce castrum médiéval.
Visitas Comunitárias da Patrulha Maria da Penha da PMPR na cidade de Toledo/PR no ano de 2024: uma análise dos resultados após a segunda intervenção
Authors: Eich Dalton Luiz , Alves Gabriela Francisco , Souza Fernanda de , Dourado Rubens Marques
Published: January 2025

A violência doméstica é um fenômeno complexo que afeta milhões de pessoas globalmente, sendo reconhecida como um grave problema de saúde pública e violação dos direitos humanos, conforme a Lei 11.340/2006. Ela se manifesta em diversas formas, como física, psicológica, sexual, patrimonial e moral, impactando principalmente mulheres, crianças e idosos. Dados da OMS (2021) indicam que uma em cada três mulheres já sofreu violência física ou sexual, evidenciando a grandeza do problema. Compreender os impactos da violência doméstica é fundamental para interromper esse ciclo. Este artigo analisa dados sobre visitas comunitárias das equipes da Patrulha Maria da Penha do 19º Batalhão de Polícia Militar, em Toledo, Paraná, em 2024. A pesquisa é de levantamento, com coleta de dados por meio de um formulário estruturado na plataforma Google Forms. A análise quantitativa desses dados apontaram para a necessidade de estratégias integradas que combinem ações repressivas, como o acompanhamento policial e a aplicação de medidas protetivas de urgência, com ações preventivas e de suporte, incluindo acesso facilitado a serviços de saúde psicológicos.
Dor, qualidade de vida e funcionalidade de pacientes internados na unidade de clínica médica em um hospital de alta complexidade
Authors: Amaral Cristiane Gritti Finatto , Martins Marielza Regina Ismael
Published: January 2025

A hospitalização pode ter um impacto significativo em aspectos como dor, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida, fatores que precisam ser compreendidos para melhorar o cuidado e a reabilitação dos pacientes durante o período de internação. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar esses três aspectos em pacientes internados na unidade de Clínica Médica de um hospital de alta complexidade. Para isso, foi realizada uma avaliação utilizando diversos instrumentos: ficha de identificação sociodemográfica, Inventário Breve de Dor, WHOQOL-bref para qualidade de vida, e a Avaliação da Funcionalidade nas atividades básicas de vida diária, baseada na Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos pacientes relatou dor de moderada a intensa, o que afetou negativamente sua qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional. Dificuldades em atividades básicas de vida diária, como caminhar, vestir-se e cuidar da higiene pessoal, foram frequentemente relatadas. Além disso, observou-se uma correlação direta entre a presença de dor e a diminuição da funcionalidade, evidenciando o impacto sistêmico da dor no bem-estar geral dos pacientes internados. A discussão aponta que o manejo inadequado da dor e a perda de funcionalidade durante a internação não só retardam a recuperação, mas também aumentam a necessidade de cuidados prolongados. Isso reforça a importância de intervenções precoces e integradas no ambiente hospitalar. Conclui-se que o estudo oferece subsídios importantes para a otimização do cuidado multiprofissional, com foco na melhora da dor, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida, promovendo, assim, uma reabilitação mais eficaz.
Dinamika Pasivitas Politik: Preferensi-Preferensi Keterlibatan Politik Pekerja Rumah Tangga Migran Pada Pemilihan Umum di Negara-Negara Penempatan
Authors: Kusumastuti Ayu
Published: January 2025

Pemberlakukan Undang-Undang Pemilu No 7 tahun 2017 menyatakan tentang syarat pemilih yang meliputi Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) yang berdomisili di wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia atau di luar negeri. Dengan fokus pada pekerja rumah tangga (PRT) migran, artikel ini berusaha untuk menganalisa partisipasi politik dan keterlibatan PRT migran dalam kontestasi politik tanah air. Potensi pasivitas politik pada pekerja ini dimungkinkan dapat terjadi dikarenakan proses kerja perawatan transnasional yang sangat mengikat membuat PRT migran tidak memiliki kebabesan beraktivitas di luar ranah kerja mereka selain di dalam rumah, termasuk berpartisipasi dalam pemilu tanah air. Namun disaat bersamaan mereka juga dapat menemukenali hambatan-hambatan yang mereka alami secara personal sebagai konsekuensi mereka tidak berpartisipasi dalam pemilu. PRT migran menunjukkan karakteristik monitorial citizen dimana mereka juga memantau dan merespon informasi pemilu ditengah pola kerja yang restriktif disertai mengembangkan alternatif partisipasi politik diluar partisipasi dalam pemilu.
Mating between Anartia jatrophae jatrophae (Linnaeus, 1763) and Ortilia liriope (Cramer, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Brazilian Central Amazon
Authors: dos Santos Carvalho Raymê , Melo Lourido Gilcélia , dos Santos Martins Elza Fernanda , Sousa Cézar Kelve Franklimara
Published: January 2025

Reproductive isolation is crucial for the survival of species in nature; nevertheless, interspecific mating and hybrid formation can still occur. In this work, we report a mating event between Anartia jatrophae jatrophae (Linnaeus) and Ortilia liriope (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). This event was observed on April 30, 2023, at the butterfly house of Museu da Amazônia (MUSA) in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Although hybrid formation is not uncommon among Lepidoptera, to our knowledge, this is the first record of mating between A. j. jatrophae and O. liriope in the Brazilian
Central Amazon region. This mating event between distinct species may occur due to ecological,
chemical, and evolutionary factors.
Amblypygi (Arachnida) occurrence in a protected area from the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: de Souza Marcos Magalhães , Simões-Silva Maria Luiza , da Silva Igor Henrique , de Castro Jacques Gabriel
Published: January 2025

The order Amblypygi represents just 0.1% of arachnid diversity, with 22 species recorded in Brazil. This number has increased especially in the first decades of the 21st century, despite the still conflicting detailed taxonomic description and the few distribution studies in the country. This
justifies new studies to assess their occurrence, especially in hotspots such as the Cerrado biome.
Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the Amblypygi fauna in the Cerrado areas of the Grande Sertão Veredas National Park. Collections took place between September 2022 and March 2023, through active search. Altogether, six specimens were recorded: one of Heterophrynus cheiracanthus (Gervais, 1842) and five of Heterophrynus sp., a result that expands the geographical distribution of H. cheiracanthus, hitherto unpublished for southeastern Brazil, and reaffirms the importance of the
Grande Sertão Veredas National Park in protecting natural resources and biodiversity.