bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Total Phenolic Content and Sideritis Extract in Female Mice
Authors: Kokras Nikolaos , Poulogiannopoulou Eleni , Sotiropoulos Marinos G. , Paravatou Rafaella , Goudani Eleni , Dimitriadou Maria , Papakonstantinou Electra , Doxastakis George , Perrea Despina N. , Hloupis George , Angelis Apostolis , Argyropoulou Aikaterini , Tsarbopoulos Anthony , Skaltsounis Alexios-Leandros , Dalla Christina
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive and behavioral effects of extra virgin olive oil total phenolic content (TPC) and Sideritis (SID) extracts in female mice, and identify the associated neurochemical changes in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. All animals received intraperitoneal low or high doses of TPC, SID or vehicle treatment for 7 days and were subjected to the Open Field (OF), Novel Object Recognition (NOR) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were dissected for analysis of neurotransmitters and aminoacids with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). Both TPC doses enhanced vertical activity and center entries in the OF, which could indicate an anxiolytic-like effect. In addition, TPC enhanced non-spatial working memory and, in high doses, exerted antidepressant effects. On the other hand, high SID doses remarkably decreased the animals’ overall activity. Locomotor and exploratory activities were closely associated with cortical increases in serotonin turnover induced by both treatments. Cognitive performance was linked to glutamate level changes. Furthermore, TPC reduced cortical taurine levels, while SID reduced cortical aspartate levels. TPC seems to have promising cognitive, anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, whereas SID has sedative effects in high doses. Both extracts act in the brain, but their specific actions and properties merit further exploration.
Distribution of Protein Precipitation Capacity within Variable Proanthocyanidin Fingerprints
Authors: Leppä Milla Marleena , Laitila Juuso Erik , Salminen Juha-Pekka
Published: October 2020

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are highly bioactive plant specialized metabolites. One of their most characteristic features is their ability to precipitate proteins. In this study, eleven plant species were used to study the structure–activity patterns between PAs and their protein precipitation capacity (PPC) with bovine serum albumin. To obtain a comprehensive selection of PAs with highly variable procyanidin to prodelphinidin ratios and mean degree of polymerizations, nearly 350 subfractions were produced from the eleven plant species by semi-preparative liquid chromatography. Their PA composition was defined by tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry, and their PPC was measured with a turbidimetry-based well-plate reader assay. The distribution of the PPC within plant species varied significantly. The mean degree of polymerization of the PAs had a strong correlation with the PPC (r = 0.79). The other structural features were significant from the PPC point of view as well, but they contributed to the PPC in different ways in different plant species. Retention time, prodelphinidin proportion, and mean degree of polymerization explained 64% of the measured variance of the PPC.
Molecular Insights into Human Transmembrane Protease Serine-2 (TMPS2) Inhibitors against SARS-CoV2: Homology Modelling, Molecular Dynamics, and Docking Studies
Authors: Kishk Safaa M. , Kishk Rania M. , Yassen Asmaa S. A. , Nafie Mohamed S. , Nemr Nader A. , ElMasry Gamal , Al-Rejaie Salim , Simons Claire
Published: October 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), which caused novel corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, necessitated a global demand for studies related to genes and enzymes of SARS-CoV2. SARS-CoV2 infection depends on the host cell Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Serine Protease-2 (TMPRSS2), where the virus uses ACE2 for entry and TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. The TMPRSS2 gene encodes a Transmembrane Protease Serine-2 protein (TMPS2) that belongs to the serine protease family. There is no crystal structure available for TMPS2, therefore, a homology model was required to establish a putative 3D structure for the enzyme. A homology model was constructed using SWISS-MODEL and evaluations were performed through Ramachandran plots, Verify 3D and Protein Statistical Analysis (ProSA). Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the stability of the constructed model. Docking of TMPS2 inhibitors, camostat, nafamostat, gabexate, and sivelestat, using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software, into the constructed model was performed and the protein-ligand complexes were subjected to MD simulations and computational binding affinity calculations. These in silico studies determined the tertiary structure of TMPS2 amino acid sequence and predicted how ligands bind to the model, which is important for drug development for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
Tert-butyl-(4-hydroxy-3-((3-(2-methylpiperidin-yl)propyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)carbamate Has Moderated Protective Activity in Astrocytes Stimulated with Amyloid Beta 1-42 and in a Scopolamine Model
Authors: Camarillo-López Raúl Horacio , Hernández Rodríguez Maricarmen , Torres-Ramos Mónica Adriana , Arciniega-Martínez Ivonne Maciel , García-Marín Iohanan Daniel , Correa Basurto José , Méndez Méndez Juan Vicente , Rosales-Hernández Martha Cecilia
Published: October 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with no cure nowadays; there is no treatment either to prevent or to stop its progression. In vitro studies suggested that tert-butyl-(4-hydroxy-3-((3-(2-methylpiperidin-yl)propyl)carbamoyl)phenyl) carbamate named the M4 compound can act as both β-secretase and an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, preventing the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation and the formation of fibrils (fAβ) from Aβ1-42. This work first aimed to assess in in vitro studies to see whether the death of astrocyte cells promoted by Aβ1-42 could be prevented. Second, our work investigated the ability of the M4 compound to inhibit amyloidogenesis using an in vivo model after scopolamine administration. The results showed that M4 possesses a moderate protective effect in astrocytes against Aβ1-42 due to a reduction in the TNF-α and free radicals observed in cell cultures. In the in vivo studies, however, no significant effect of M4 was observed in comparison with a galantamine model employed in rats, in which case this outcome was attributed to the bioavailability of M4 in the brain of the rats.
Differential Precipitation of Mg(OH)2 from CaSO4·2H2O Using Citrate as Inhibitor—A Promising Concept for Reagent Recovery from MgSO4 Waste Streams
Authors: Ziegenheim Szilveszter , Szabados Márton , Kónya Zoltán , Kukovecz Ákos , Pálinkó István , Sipos Pál
Published: October 2020

In hydrometallurgical processing and acidic wastewater treatment, one of the neutralizing agents employed is MgO or Mg(OH)2. At the end of this process, the resulting solution, which is rich in SO42− and Mg2+ is treated with lime to remove (or minimize the amount) of these ions via the precipitation of Mg(OH)2 and CaSO4·2H2O (gypsum). In our work, an attempt was made to separate the two solids by increasing the induction time of the gypsum precipitation, thus regenerating relatively pure Mg(OH)2 which could be reused in wastewater treatments or hydrometallurgical processing circuits, and in this way, significantly enhancing the economic viability of the process. During our experiments, the reaction of an MgSO4 solution with milk of lime prepared from quicklime was studied. The effects of a range of organic additives, which can slow down the precipitation of gypsum have been assessed. The process was optimized for the most promising inhibiting agent—that is, the citrate ion. The reactions were continuously monitored in situ by conductometric measurements with parallel monitoring of solution pH and temperature. ICP-OES measurements were also carried out on samples taken from the reaction slurry. The composition of the precipitating solids at different reaction times was established by powder XRD and their morphology by SEM. Finally, experiments were carried out to locate the additive after the completion of the precipitation reaction to get information about its potential reuse.
Chemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of the Fungus-Growing Termite Strain Macrotermes Bellicosus Used in Traditional Medicine in the Republic of Benin
Authors: Hammoud Mahdi Dima , Hubert Jane , Renault Jean-Hugues , Martinez Agathe , Schubert Andreas , Engel Kathrin Monika , Koudogbo Blaise , Vissiennon Zacharie , Ahyi Virgile , Nieber Karen , Vissiennon Cica
Published: October 2020

The fungus growing termite species Macrotermes bellicosus (M. bellicosus) is used in nutrition and traditional medicine in the Republic of Benin for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Previous findings demonstrated evidence of anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic properties of M. bellicosus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different extracts of M. bellicosus samples and determine the chemical profile of an ethanolic M. bellicosus extract. Chemical profiling was conducted using centrifugal partition chromatography and 13C-NMR, followed by MALDI-TOF MS. Major identified compounds include hydroquinone (HQ), methylhydroquinone (MHQ), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl glycol (DHPG), N-acetyldopamine (NADA) and niacinamide. The fatty acid mixture of the extract was mainly composed of linoleic and oleic acid and highlights the nutritional purpose of M. bellicosus. Using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion and broth microdilution assay, an antibacterial activity of M. bellicosus samples was observed against various clinical strains with a highest growth inhibition of S. aureus. In addition, HQ and MHQ as well as fractions containing DHPG, niacinamide and NADA inhibited S. aureus growth. The reported antimicrobial activity of M. bellicosus and identified active substances provide a rationale for the traditional medicinal use of M. bellicosus.
The Effect of Different Water Extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum on Selected Factors Associated with Pathogenesis of Chronic Bronchitis in Rats
Authors: Buchwald Waldemar , Szulc Michał , Baraniak Justyna , Derebecka Natalia , Kania-Dobrowolska Małgorzata , Piasecka Anna , Bogacz Anna , Karasiewicz Monika , Bartkowiak-Wieczorek Joanna , Kujawski Radosław , Gryszczyńska Agnieszka , Kachlicki Piotr , Dreger Mariola , Ożarowski Marcin , Krajewska-Patan Anna , Górska-Paukszta Małgorzata , Kamińska Ewa , Mikołajczak Przemysław Ł.
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the activity of extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC (PG) in a model of chronic bronchitis in rats. The research was carried out on three water extracts: E1 – from roots of field cultivated PG; E2 – from biotransformed roots of PG; E3 – from callus of PG. The extracts differed in saponins and inulin levels—the highest was measured in E3 and the lowest in E1. Identification of secondary metabolites was performed using two complementary LC-MS systems. Chronic bronchitis was induced by sodium metabisulfite (a source of SO2). Animals were treated with extracts for three weeks (100 mg/kg, intragastrically) and endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factors (TGF-β1, -β2, -β3), and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) levels were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, whereas C reactive protein (CRP) level was measured in serum. Moreover, mRNA expression were assessed in bronchi and lungs. In SO2-exposed rats, an elevation of the CRP, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, VEGF, and mucin was found, but the extracts’ administration mostly reversed this phenomenon, leading to control values. The results showed a strong anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts from PG.
Deposition of Tetracoordinate Co(II) Complex with Chalcone Ligands on Graphene
Authors: Hrubý Jakub , Vavrečková Šárka , Masaryk Lukáš , Sojka Antonín , Navarro-Giraldo Jorge , Bartoš Miroslav , Herchel Radovan , Moncol Ján , Nemec Ivan , Neugebauer Petr
Published: October 2020

Studying the properties of complex molecules on surfaces is still mostly an unexplored research area because the deposition of the metal complexes has many pitfalls. Herein, we probed the possibility to produce surface hybrids by depositing a Co(II)-based complex with chalcone ligands on chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene by a wet-chemistry approach and by thermal sublimation under high vacuum. Samples were characterized by high-frequency electron spin resonance (HF-ESR), XPS, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and optical microscopy, supported with density functional theory (DFT) and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF)/N-electron valence second-order perturbation theory (NEVPT2) calculations. This compound’s rationale is its structure, with several aromatic rings for weak binding and possible favorable π–π stacking onto graphene. In contrast to expectations, we observed the formation of nanodroplets on graphene for a drop-cast sample and microcrystallites localized at grain boundaries and defects after thermal sublimation.
Plant Derived Natural Products against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: Antibiofilm Activity and Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Guzzo Francesca , Scognamiglio Monica , Fiorentino Antonio , Buommino Elisabetta , D’Abrosca Brigida
Published: October 2020

Bacteria are social organisms able to build complex structures, such as biofilms, that are highly organized surface-associated communities of microorganisms, encased within a self- produced extracellular matrix. Biofilm is commonly associated with many health problems since its formation increases resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents, as in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two human pathogens causing major concern. P. aeruginosa is responsible for severe nosocomial infections, the most frequent of which is ventilator-associated pneumonia, while S. aureus causes several problems, like skin infections, septic arthritis, and endocarditis, to name just a few. Literature data suggest that natural products from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms have proven to be effective as anti-biofilm agents, inhibiting the formation of the polymer matrix, suppressing cell adhesion and attachment, and decreasing the virulence factors’ production, thereby blocking the quorum sensing network. Here, we focus on plant derived chemicals, and provide an updated literature review on the anti-biofilm properties of terpenes, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds. Moreover, whenever information is available, we also report the mechanisms of action.
Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Olive Pomace Extracts: Impact of Gastrointestinal Digestion and Cyclodextrin Encapsulation
Authors: Radić Kristina , Vinković Vrček Ivana , Pavičić Ivan , Čepo Dubravka Vitali
Published: October 2020

Olive pomace is a valuable secondary raw material rich in polyphenols, left behind after the production of olive oil. The present study investigated the protective effect of a polyphenolic extract from olive pomace (OPE) on cell viability and antioxidant defense of cultured human HepG2 cells submitted to oxidative stress induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH). The investigation considered possible matrix effects, impact of gastrointestinal digestion and cyclodextrin (CD) encapsulation. Pre-treatment of cells with OPE prevented cell damage and increased intracellular glutathione but did not affect the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. OPE matrix significantly enhanced cell protective effects of major antioxidants, such as hydroxytyrosol (HTS), while cyclodextrin encapsulation enhanced activity of OPE against intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The obtained results show that OPE is more potent antioxidant in comparison to equivalent dose of main polyphenols (HTS and TS) and that increasing solubility of OPE polyphenols by CD encapsulation or digestion enhances their potential to act as intracellular antioxidants. Antioxidative protection of cells by OPE was primarily achieved through direct radical-scavenging/reducing actions rather than activation of endogenous defense systems in the cell.
Dose-Dependent Effects of Dietary Xylooligosaccharides Supplementation on Microbiota, Fermentation and Metabolism in Healthy Adult Cats
Authors: Lyu Yang , Debevere Sandra , Bourgeois Hermann , Ran Mavis , Broeckx Bart J.G. , Vanhaecke Lynn , Wiele Tom Van de , Hesta Myriam
Published: October 2020

In order to investigate the effect and appropriate dose of prebiotics, this study evaluated the effect of two levels of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) in cats. Twenty-four healthy adult cats were divided into three groups: no-XOS control diet with 1% cellulose; low XOS supplementation (LXOS) with 0.04% XOS and 0.96% cellulose; and high XOS supplementation (HXOS) with 0.40% XOS and 0.60% cellulose. Both XOS groups increased blood 3-hydroxybutyryl carnitine levels and decreased hexadecanedioyl carnitine levels. Both XOS treatments displayed an increased bacterial abundance of Blautia, Clostridium XI, and Collinsella and a decreased abundance of Megasphaera and Bifidobacterium. LXOS groups increased fecal pH and bacterial abundance of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus, decreased blood glutaryl carnitine concentration, and Catenibacterium abundance. HXOS group showed a more distinct microbiome profile and higher species richness, and an increased bacterial abundance of Subdoligranulum, Ruminococcaceae genus (unassigned genus), Erysipelotrichaceae genus, and Lachnospiraceae. Correlations between bacterial abundances and blood and fecal parameters were also observed. In conclusion, XOS could benefit feline gut health by altering microbiota; its effects dependant on the dose. The higher-dose XOS increased bacterial populations that possibly promoted intestinal fermentation, while the lower dose altered populations of carbohydrate-metabolic microbiota and possibly modulated host metabolism. Low-dose prebiotics may become a trend in future studies.
Optimization of Mouse Growth Hormone Plasmid DNA Electrotransfer into Tibialis Cranialis Muscle of “Little” Mice
Authors: Rosa Lima Eliana , Regina Cecchi Claudia , Higuti Eliza , Protasio Pacheco de Jesus Gustavo , Moura Gomes Alissandra , Aparecido Zacarias Enio , Bartolini Paolo , Nunes Peroni Cibele
Published: October 2020

Previous non-viral gene therapy was directed towards two animal models of dwarfism: Immunodeficient (lit/scid) and immunocompetent (lit/lit) dwarf mice. The former, based on hGH DNA administration into muscle, performed better, while the latter, a homologous model based on mGH DNA, was less efficient, though recommended as useful for pre-clinical assays. We have now improved the growth parameters aiming at a complete recovery of the lit/lit phenotype. Electrotransfer was based on three pulses of 375 V/cm of 25 ms each, after mGH-DNA administration into two sites of each non-exposed tibialis cranialis muscle. A 36-day bioassay, performed using 60-day old lit/lit mice, provided the highest GH circulatory levels we have ever obtained for GH non-viral gene therapy: 14.7 ± 3.7 ng mGH/mL. These levels, at the end of the experiment, were 8.5 ± 2.3 ng/mL, i.e., significantly higher than those of the positive control (4.5 ± 1.5 ng/mL). The catch-up growth reached 40.9% for body weight, 38.2% for body length and 82.6%–76.9% for femur length. The catch-up in terms of the mIGF-1 levels remained low, increasing from the previous value of 5.9% to the actual 8.5%. Although a complete phenotypic recovery was not obtained, it should be possible starting with much younger animals and/or increasing the number of injection sites.
Natural and Synthetic Biomaterials for Engineering Multicellular Tumor Spheroids
Authors: Kamatar Advika , Gunay Gokhan , Acar Handan
Published: October 2020

The lack of in vitro models that represent the native tumor microenvironment is a significant challenge for cancer research. Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture has long been the standard for in vitro cell-based studies. However, differences between 2D culture and the in vivo environment have led to poor translation of cancer research from in vitro to in vivo models, slowing the progress of the field. Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) culture have improved the ability of in vitro culture to replicate in vivo conditions. Although 3D cultures still cannot achieve the complexity of the in vivo environment, they can still better replicate the cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions of solid tumors. Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) are three-dimensional (3D) clusters of cells with tumor-like features such as oxygen gradients and drug resistance, and represent an important translational tool for cancer research. Accordingly, natural and synthetic polymers, including collagen, hyaluronic acid, Matrigel®, polyethylene glycol (PEG), alginate and chitosan, have been used to form and study MCTS for improved clinical translatability. This review evaluates the current state of biomaterial-based MCTS formation, including advantages and disadvantages of the different biomaterials and their recent applications to the field of cancer research, with a focus on the past five years.
Thermal Decontamination of Spent Activated Carbon Contaminated with Radiocarbon and Tritium
Authors: Yang Hee-Chul , Lee Min-Woo , Eun Hee-Chul , Kim Hyung-Ju , Lee Keunyoung , Seo Bum-Kyung
Published: October 2020

The thermal desorption of tritium (3H, T) and radiocarbon (14C) from spent activated carbon was investigated and three thermal desorption steps were established: the vaporization of homogeneously condensed molecules, the desorption of molecules physically binding with the carbon surface, and the decomposition of chemisorbed molecules. A model-free kinetic analysis was conducted to establish the optimum condition of vacuum thermal desorption. Physisorbed species, including tritiated water (HTO) and 14CO2, were effectively removed by vacuum thermal desorption. However, a fraction of 14C, which may take the form of carbon molecules in pyrocarbon form during the heating process, was not removed, even at a high temperature of 1000 °C under a vacuum of 0.3–0.5 Pa. Oxidative peeling of the pore surfaces by filling the evacuated pores with pure oxygen via vacuum thermal desorption and heating to 700 °C was found to be effective for reducing the level of 14C to a level below the established free-release criterion (1 Bq/g) when treating spent activated carbon with 14C radioactivity levels of 162 and 128 Bq/g. The reactivation of the spent granular activated carbon (GAC) by vacuum thermal desorption followed by surface oxidation was also confirmed by the slightly enhanced pore volumes when compared to those of virgin spent activated carbon.
Hemiacetal Ester Exchanges, Study of Reaction Conditions and Mechanistic Pathway
Authors: Boucher David , Madsen Jeppe , Caussé Nicolas , Pébère Nadine , Ladmiral Vincent , Negrell Claire
Published: October 2020

A range of hemiacetal esters were synthesized by the reaction between carboxylic acids and butyl vinyl ether using n-dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate as catalyst. Specifically, nonanoic, propionic, acrylic, sebacic, and fumaric acids were used as substrates to prepare the corresponding hemiacetal esters. These compounds were used as model molecules to demonstrate the ability of hemiacetal ester functional groups to undergo the exchange reaction in the presence of weak carboxylic acids without any catalyst. Kinetics studies examined the eect of the carboxylic acid concentration on the exchange rate, and revealed that the exchange reaction proceeds through an associative mechanism.
Direct and Indirect Economic Losses Using Typhoon-Flood Disaster Analysis: An Application to Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Gao Zhuoqun , Geddes R. Richard , Ma Tao
Published: October 2020

Guangdong Province is one of China’s largest and most developed regions. It is home to more than 113 million people and features unique geographical and climatic characteristics. Typhoons that pass through often result in heavy rainfall, which causes flooding. The region’s risk of typhoon and flood disasters, and the resulting indirect economic impacts, have not been fully assessed. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a method for assessing the spatial and temporal cumulative risk of typhoon-induced flood disasters, and the resulting indirect economic impacts, in order to deal with the uncertainty of disasters. We combined an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and spatial analysis using a geographic information system (GIS) to produce a comprehensive weighted-risk assessment from three different aspects of disaster, vulnerability, and resilience, with 11 indicators. A new method for computing risk based on spatial and temporal cumulative patterns of typhoon-induced flood disasters was introduced. We incorporated those direct impacts into a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to simulate indirect economic losses in alternative scenarios according to different risk levels. We found that the risk in the coastal area is significantly higher than that in the northern mountainous area. The coastal areas of western Guangdong, Pearl River Delta, and Chaoshan Plain face the greatest risk. Our results indicate that typhoon and flood disasters have negative effects on the real GDP, residents’ income, consumption, and several other macroeconomic indicators. We found differing disaster impacts across industrial sectors, including changes in the output, prices, and flow of labor among industries. Our estimates provide scientific support for environmental planning, spatial planning, and disaster-risk management in this important region. They are also of reference value for the development of disaster management strategies in similar climatic regions around the world.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS DENGAN LIKUIDITAS, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN, UMUR PERUSAHAAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL KONTROL
Authors: KINESTI NIKEN , Dewi Riana Rachmawati , Wijayanti Anita
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dengan variabel kontrol likuiditas, pertumbuhan penjualan dan umur perusahaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2018. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 20 sampel perusahaan dengan kurun waktu 3 tahun sehingga didapat 60 sampel perusahaan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi data panel. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Hasil uji regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa secara bersamaan ukuran perusahaan dengan variabel kontrol likuiditas, pertumbuhan penjualan dan umur perusahaan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Sedangkan secara parsial variabel yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap profitabilitas adalah ukuran perusahaan likuiditas, pertumbuhan penjualan. Sedangkan variabel umur perusahaan tidak signifikan mempengaruhi profitabilitas.
FIT MODEL TEST KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH KUALITAS TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAERAH (Survei pada Organisasi Perangkat Daerah Kota Bandung)
Authors: Puspitawati Lilis , Haq Neneng Putri Utami
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya suatu permasalahan adanya informasi akuntansi yang belum berkualitas pada berbagai instansi pemerintahan di Indonesia karena informasi akuntansi berlum akurat, relevan, handal dan belum disajikan tepat waktu. Beberapa referensi menunjukan informasi berkualitas dipengaruhi oleh beberpaa faktor diantaranya adalah faktor pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan digunakannya sistem informasi keuangan daerah dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecocokan model kualitas informasi akuntansi yang dipengaruhi oleh Sistem informasi Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi serta untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari variabel yang terkait.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif dan verifikatif dengan menggunakan data primer  yang dikumpulkan secara langsung melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada karyawan pada Organisasi Perangkat Daerah (OPD) Pemerintahan Kota Bandung. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 54 karyawan di setiap OPD di Bandung, ukuran sampel minimal sebanyak 40 responden yang ditentukan berdasarkan rule of tumb dengan Teknik simple random sampling.  Analisis data menggunakan (SEM) PLS dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SmartPLS.

Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah dan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan Pemerintah Daerah pada Organisasi Daerah di Bandung.
SURVEY PADA KANTOR AKUNTANSI PUBLIK TERHADAP INDEPENDENSI AKUNTAN PUBLIK
Authors: Surtikanti Surtikanti , Supriyanto Joko
Published: October 2020

Salah satu tugas auditor dalam menjalankan profesinya yaitu memberikan informasi yang berguna kepada publik untuk mengambil keputusan. Hal penting yang harus dimiliki dan selalu dipelihara oleh auditor yaitu Independensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencoba untuk mengetahui apakah independensi dipengaruhi oleh biaya audit dan masa kerja audit.

Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan verivisatif dengan menggunakan Smart PLS 2.0. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah Kantor Akuntan Publik di Bandung yang terdaftar di BPK RI. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode sampel jenuh yaitu dimana sampel digunakan sebagai penelitian yang sama dengan populasi penelitian yaitu sebanyak 9 KAP dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 18 auditor. Untuk mengetahui independensi akuntan publik mempengaruhi biaya audit dan periode perikatan audit maka dilakukan uji statistik menggunakan analisis korelasi, analisis kuadrat terkecil parsial, dan untuk menguji hipotesis digunakan uji t.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) Independensi akuntan publik dipengaruhi oleh Fee Audit (2) Independensi akuntan publik dipengaruhi oleh Audit Tenure pada Kantor Akuntan Publik di Bandung yang terdaftar di BPK RI..
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN PADA PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN KOSMETIK DAN BARANG KEPERLUAN RUMAH TANGGA DI BEI
Authors: Muharromi Yunita Deliana , Sidik Solihin
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan antara struktur modal dan pertumbuhan penjualan terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan sub sektor kosmetik dan barang keperluan rumah tangga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan 5 (lima) perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel dengan periode penelitian pada tahun 2013-2019. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa secara parsial struktur modal berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas, dan pertumbuhan penjualan tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Secara simultan struktur modal dan pertumbuhan penjualan berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas. Dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,724 atau sebesar 72,4%.
Changes in the Installation of Pokchang and Throat-Bell Containers in Buddhist Paintings of the Late Chosŏn Period
Authors: 이 용윤
Published: October 2020

Cet article examine l’emplacement de l’installation du « contenant en forme de clochette dans la gorge » (huryŏng t’ong 喉鈴筒) afin de comprendre les caractéristiques et les changements du rituel de la cache ventrale

(pokchang 腹藏) dans le cas des peintures bouddhiques. Les modifications de l’espace d’installation du contenant sont systématiquement liées à la variation des formats de montage des peintures bouddhiques. Au cours des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, les peintures bouddhiques étaient montées comme des rouleaux suspendus, cependant à partir de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, l’encadrement devint le style de montage prédominant. Cette transition a induit un déplacement de l’emplacement de la cache ventrale. En conséquence, le contenant en forme de clochette, qui avait été inséré dans la poche de la cache ventrale, accroché sur la partie supérieure avant de la peinture, a été déplacé à l’arrière de la peinture. Ce changement dans l’espace de l’installation a également influencé la forme du contenant. La poche de la cache ventrale renfermait un contenant cylindrique de forme similaire à celle utilisée pour la cache ventrale des statues bouddhiques. Déplacé à l’arrière de la peinture, le contenant en forme de clochette s’est transformé en un objet plat et carré de manière à épouser la forme du nouvel espace d’installation. À partir de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, l’utilisation du contenant carré s’est généralisée. Ceci est attesté dans la phrase suivante : « Le contenant cylindrique en forme de clochette est utilisé pour les statues bouddhiques, tandis que le contenant carré est utilisé pour les peintures bouddhiques », issue du Chosang kyŏng 造像經 (Soutra sur la production d’images bouddhiques) de l’édition du monastère Yujŏm 楡岾寺, publiée en 1824. Conformément à cette nouvelle forme du contenant, les objets insérés à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur de ce dernier ainsi que la séquence d’installation de ces objets ont été progressivement modifiés. À la fin du XVIIIe et au début du XIXe siècle, le contenant carré est devenu la forme standard pour les peintures bouddhiques. Simultanément, le couvercle à huit pétales du contenant a évolué pour devenir le P’aryŏp tae hongnyŏn chi to 八葉大紅蓮之圖 (Diagramme du grand lotus rouge à huit pétales) qui était associé au Yŏl kŭmgang chibang chi to 列金剛地方之圖 (Diagramme de la terre carrée de la disposition des diamants) et au Chunje kuja ch’ŏnwŏn chi to 准提九字天圓之圖 (Diagramme du ciel circulaire comprenant les neuf lettres de Cundī). Ces deux derniers diagrammes placés à l’extérieur du contenant ont été influencés par la Pimil kaegan chip 祕密開刊集 (Première publication de la Collection des enseignements ésotériques) publiée en 1784. Ces changements apportés à la forme du contenant et de la cache ventrale sont devenus la norme pour le rituel de la cache ventrale jusqu’à nos jours.
L’ouverture du chenal de la Puissance céleste sous la Chine des Tang : artifice magique ou poudre noire ?
Authors: Verellen Franciscus
Published: October 2020

The Channel of Heavenly Might, completed in 868, was a unique feat of late Tang hydraulic engineering. A land canal cutting across the Jiangshan peninsula on the northern shore of the Gulf of Tonkin, it provided a passage connecting two bays in the gulf and sections of the coastal shipping route between Tang China and its Protectorate of Annan (Vietnam). The architect of the channel was the protector general Gao Pian (822–887), a leading actor on the military and political stage during the declining years of the Tang. A man of many talents, Gao was an effective military commander, builder of the medieval citadels of Hanoi and Chengdu, a gifted poet and a keen intellect, versed in Daoist alchemy and the arts of esoteric strategy. The most detailed account of the excavation of the channel to have come down to us is a stele inscription by Pei Xing (ca. 825-ca. 880), author of the collection of Daoist tales titled Transmitted Singularities, and redactor of official documents and military communications for Gao Pian. A witness to the events in 868 and Gao’s confidant, Pei conveyed the public message that the general mobilised the forces of thunder and lightning, objects of a widespread religious cult in the region, to accomplish the breach of a rock formation blocking the path of the channel. Other contemporary sources suggest that Gao used an unprecedented ploy to produce a “simulacrum” of thunder. The present article puts forward the hypothesis that the feat of breaching the channel was the work of alchemists present on the staff of Gao Pian, whose craft, in association with the simultaneous development of Daoist “thunder magic”, is credited with the invention of chemical explosives in ninth-century China.
A Glimpse into Burial Practices of Medieval (10th to 13th c. AD) Elites in the Horqin Region, Northeast China
Authors: Sebillaud Pauline , Berger Elizabeth , Xiaoxi Liu , Kan Hou
Published: October 2020

Cette étude a pour but de présenter deux tombes à chambre en brique des périodes Liao et Jin (Xe-XIIIe s.) fouillées récemment dans la region du Ke’erqin (à Dongmengyi dans le district de Shuangliao et à Hamaqin dans le district de Changling), dans l’ouest de la province du Jilin, dans le nord-est de la Chine. La description de ces découvertes, réalisée de la manière la plus détaillée possible, met en relief les éléments architecturaux, ceux du mobilier funéraire, et les restes humains. Dans un deuxième temps, les auteurs proposent de mettre en perspective ces découvertes en les comparant aux sépultures publiées pour cette région. 246 tombes du Ke’erqin et des alentours ont été intégrées à une base de données et permettent de mener des analyses quantitatives sur les coutumes funéraires. Ces informations, visualisées au sein d’un Système d’information géographique (SIG), sont analysées pour connaître les configurations spatiales de la distribution des divers types de tombes, de leurs formes, et même des objets les plus proches de ceux découverts à Dongmengyi et Hamaqin.
The Middle Acheulian site Meshhed III in Wadi Douan (Republic of Yemen)
Authors: Amirkhanov Hizri A.
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the materials from the Middle Acheulian site Meshhed III in Wadi Douan (Republic of Yemen). The site was discovered in 1986, but up to date the information on the site has been published only in Russian. Meanwhile, Meshhed III is the only Acheulean site in the south of the Arabian Peninsula where the archaeological materials are deposited in a clear geological context and have absolute age determination. The latter provides an opportunity to compare the Middle Acheulean segment of the Paleolithic cultural sequence of this region with the contemporaneous cultural layers of the adjacent regions.
Ver-se y ser visto. Una interpretación de las escenas de recompensa en la narrativa funeraria amarniana: la audiencia ‘habilitante’
Authors: Yomaha Silvana
Published: October 2020

En época amarniana el ritual de aparición en público del faraón a través de la ventana del palacio, acompañado por la familia real, puede ser interpretado como un dispositivo de control monárquico pero también como un componente performativo de las prácticas sociales. Resulta fundamental la experiencia propedéutica debido a que es en el seno de este acto público —plasmado en las paredes de las tumbas privadas de los funcionarios de la corte— en donde se escenifican las relaciones políticas, sociales, económicas y fundamentalmente simbólicas que caracterizan al reinado de Akhenatón. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la entrega de bienes de sustento y objetos de lujo de manos del faraón a sus servidores más fieles como un ritual. Se pretende demostrar la eficacia del poder material y simbólico de la monarquía sostenida por una burocracia y por la divinidad Atón. Todo esto se manifiesta en la representación de la escena de entrega de recompensas a sacerdotes, generales y administradores desde la ventana de aparición y ante la presencia de una audiencia configurada por espectadores clave (embajadores extranjeros, burócratas, sacerdotes, soldados, la comunidad en general), para completar la efectividad del acto.
La estela de Paser en el Museo Egipcio de El Cairo (CG 34038)
Authors: Castro María Belén
Published: October 2020

Este artículo presenta una estela del Museo Egipcio de El Cairo (CG 34038). Se trata de un monumento de caliza proveniente del yacimiento de Abidos y de formato conocido como round-topped, es decir, con la parte superior redondeada. Presenta un buen estado de preservación general, aunque la sección superior ha sufrido daños sobre la inscripción. La estela —datada en la dinastía XVIII del Reino Nuevo— representa a tres personajes en torno a una mesa de ofrendas, junto con textos de fórmula de ofrendas. Se incluye la transcripción, transliteración y traducción de la inscripción, así como comentarios sobre su contenido.
Diferenciación sexual y diferenciación social: su importancia en las variaciones morfológicas de los retratos de la Tumba Tebana 49, Egipto
Authors: Charlin Judith E. , Manzi Liliana M. , Cardillo Marcelo
Published: October 2020

En la decoración parietal de la Tumba Tebana 49, su propietario, Neferhotep, está representado junto con otros actores sociales desempeñando distintas actividades durante su vida terrena y en su proyección póstuma. Puede esperarse que algunas de estas expresiones visuales guarden altos grados de similitud con la realidad, mientras que otras se ajusten a una recreación de potenciales situaciones que ocurrirían a futuro, una vez que hubiese muerto. Al respecto, nos preguntamos si existe alguna clase de diferenciación en la forma de las representaciones que permita individualizar a las personas retratadas, o si sólo interesaba representar a aquellos grupos sociales que debían intervenir en los rituales de enterramiento. Persiguiendo este objetivo, nos proponemos evaluar la existencia de variaciones en la forma de los perfiles de las personas representadas, retomando algunos de los resultados alcanzados en trabajos precedentes. Dichos análisis, efectuados mediante las técnicas de morfometría geométrica, mostraron la existencia de diferencias dependientes del sexo como así también del estatus y/o rango social en los modos de representación de los perfiles de los personajes. Aquí nos interesa evaluar la interrelación de ambas variables y la importancia relativa del sexo (determinado mediante rasgos fisonómicos) en las variaciones morfológicas observadas en los retratos de hombres y mujeres.
Lebensgeschichten von religiösen Frauen im 20. Jahrhundert
Authors: Vorburger-Bossart Esther
Published: October 2020

Selbstzeugnisse von religiösen Frauen können einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Subjektforschung in der Kirchengeschichte leisten. Doch sind sie in schriftlichen Archivbeständen nur spärlich vorhanden. Esther Vorburger-Bossart hat über 50 Ordensschwestern aus acht religiösen Gemeinschaften der Schweiz zu ihren Lebensläufen befragt und individuelle Denk- und Handlungsmuster mit der Methode von Oral History erforscht. Sie analysiert dabei insbesondere die Erzählstrukturen und «unerzählten» Elemente der Lebensgeschichten, zu denen vor allem das Erzählen über Religion gehört. Die identitätsgeschichtlichen Themen der erzählten Leben – Herkunftsfamilie, Wahlfamilie Kloster, Konfession und Profession – werden herausgearbeitet und Einblicke in die individuelle wie kollektive Gestaltung von weiblichem Ordensleben an konkreten Lebensgeschichten ermöglicht.
AZ91, AS91 ve AM90 Magnezyum Alaşımlarının Aşınma ve Isıl Davranışları Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma
Authors: AKYÜZ Birol
Published: October 2020

Bu makale, AZ91, AS91 ve AM90 (Mg-9Al-X) döküm magnezyum alaşımlarının aşınma direnci ve termal davranışları üzerine karşılaştırmalı bir çalışmadır. Bu alaşımlardaki üçüncü alaşım bileşenlerindeki değişimin (X; sırasıyla, 1 Zn, 1 Si, 0.5 Mn ve sabit 9 Al, % ağırlıkça) alaşımların aşınma direnci, ısıl özellikleri ve yoğunlukları üzerindeki etkileri karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Alaşımların mikroyapısında bulunan intermetalik fazların (AZ91'de Mg17Al12, AS91’de Mg2Si ve AM90’da Al8Mn5) sertlik, yoğunluk, aşınma direnci ve ısıl özellikler üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Alaşımların termal özellikleri artan sıcaklıkla artmıştır (sıcaklık değişimi 25 °C'den 400 °C'e kadar). En yüksek termal yayılma AZ91 alaşımında, en düşük termal yayılma ise AM90 alaşımında ölçülmüştür. Öte yandan, en yüksek aşınma direnci AM90'da gözlenmiştir.
Depredación sobre Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus) (Anura: Hylidae) por una mantis (Mantodea: Mantidae) en México
Authors: Hernández-Baltazar Erick , López-Hernández Jorge Alberto , Santizo-Nanduca Andrea , Pozo-Montuy Gilberto , Gómez Benigno
Published: October 2020

La depredación es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en poblaciones de anfibios y puede ocurrir en cualquier etapa de su vida. Este estudio registra por primera vez, el avistamiento de depredación sobre la rana arborícola lechosa Trachycephalus typhonius por una mantis en México. Con esto, aumentamos nuestro conocimiento acerca de la diversidad dietaria de este grupo, confirmando su capacidad depredadora sobre una especie de anfibio, en condiciones naturales y sin manipulación.
Performance of Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) rearing on fruits of two guava varieties under forced infestation
Authors: Raga Adalton , Marques de Sousa Ester , Ferreira Louzeiro Léo Rodrigo , Braga e Silva Sara , Sanches Juliana
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) is dominant in the main guava’s crops. Guavas are an important host of A. fraterculus for providing a good performance for the immature and high reproductive capacity. We evaluated the performance of A. fraterculus in two guava varieties related to the fruit physicochemical composition under laboratory conditions. Mature-green guavas of “Tailandesa” (red pulp) and “Kumagai” (white pulp) varieties were exposed to forced infestation by A. fraterculus in laboratory. An additional sample of each variety was submitted to physicochemical analysis. Similar quantities of pupae per fruit (128.5 – 156.0) and pupal viability (85.9% and 87.5%) were obtained per variety, but “Kumagai” produced significantly more pupae of A. fraterculus per fruit mass (1000.6 pupae/kg). Pupal weight was higher in “Tailandesa” (115.3 mg/10 pupae) than “Kumagai” (82.6 mg/10 pupae). Significant positive correlations were obtained between pupae per fruit or kg versus adults per kg for both varieties. A positive correlation was observed between pupae per fruit and pupae per kg of “Kumagai” guavas. Peel and pulp firmness were inversely correlated with pupae per fruit and pupae per kg. Weight of 10 pupae of A. fraterculus was correlated with fruit weight of “Tailandesa” guavas. The multivariate analysis PCA showed a relationship between pupae per kg and peel firmness, pulp firmness, Ratio, soluble solids, and titratable acidity in “Kumagai” guava. This explains the higher infestation index pupae per kg and better reproductive performance of A. fraterculus in “Kumagai” guava.
Purificación del Biogás para la producción de Biometano, a través de sistemas de filtración de CO2 y vapor de agua.
Authors: Peña Dávila Godofredo , Dávila-del-Carpio Gonzalo
Published: October 2020

El biogás es un biocombustible producto de la digestión anaeróbica de productos orgánicos. Su poder calorífico es bajo (18 MJ/Nm3) y mejora cuando se convierte en biometano por eliminación de CO2, vapor de agua y H2S. Nos propusimos desarrollar tecnología para purificar el biogás obtenido en la planta HPTC del Fundo La Católica de El Pedregal-Majes, para lo cual se diseñó, construyó y evaluó un sistema de filtrado por depuración con agua presurizada (Scrubber), para reducir el contenido de CO2 a valores menores a 5.0% V/V; para ello trabajamos a 03 presiones de operación (6, 9 y 10bar) combinadas con 03 temperaturas (10, 15 y 20ºC), obteniéndose el mejor resultado de purificación, 4,3% V/V de CO2 a 10°C y 10bar de presión. El sistema toma el biogás, lo presuriza e introduce por un tubo de acero de 0.05m de diámetro y 3,0m de altura ubicado en la parte inferior, en cuyo interior se encuentran 04 tubos de PVC de diámetros decrecientes, con perforaciones y separadores que aumentan la superficie de contacto y por ende la absorción del CO2. Igualmente, se desarrolló un sistema de filtrado PSA para el vapor de agua; se presuriza el biogás e introduce en la parte inferior por un tubo de acero de 0,2m de diámetro y 0,5m de altura, en cuyo interior se encuentra la zeolita como adsorbente. El flujo de biogás es controlado a través de válvulas y el filtrado se retira por la parte superior, logrando reducir el contenido de vapor de agua a 2.2% V/V a 8bar de presión y temperatura ambiente.