bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Super Heavy Mass Numbers and Maximum Binding Energy of Any Mass Number with Revised Strong and Electroweak Mass Formula
Authors: Seshavatharam U.V.S. , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: May 2024

In our recent publications, based on strong and electroweak interactions, we have developed a completely new formula for estimating nuclear binding energy. With reference to currently believed Semi Empirical Mass Formula (SEMF), we call our formula as ‘Strong and Electroweak Mass Formula’ (SEWMF). Our formula constitutes 4 simple terms and only one energy coefficient of magnitude 10.1 MeV. First term is a volume term, second term seems to be a representation of free nucleons associated with electroweak interaction, third term is a radial term and fourth one is an asymmetry term about the mean stable mass number. In this paper, we make an attempt to understand and estimate the maximum binding energy associated with any mass number. It can be expressed as, for A > 4, $\left(BE\right)_A\cong \left[A-0.000935A^2-A^{1/3}-A^{-1/2}\right]$ MeV. We are working on refining the 4th term with even-odd corrections, shell corrections and other microscopic corrections. Proceeding further, stable mass numbers and super heavy mass numbers can be understood with a relation of the form, $\left[\textrm{RoundOff}\left(\left(Z+2.9464\right)^{1.2}-1.7165\right)\right]\pm\left[0,1\right]\pm\left(2n\right)$ where $n \cong 0,1,2$. It needs a review with respect to even-odd proton numbers and other microscopic corrections.
The Challenges of Sustainability in Urban Planning (The Metropolis of Tehran)
Authors: Ziari Keramatollah , Zare Shima , Abbas Rasoul Adnan
Published: May 2024

The population growth of major cities in Iran and the lack of attention to scientific and managerial principles in urban planning in recent years have created numerous issues for citizens and urban planners, pushing cities towards instability. Tehran, as the capital of Iran, is among the cities facing numerous urban challenges. It appears that these factors will present serious challenges to the city's future sustainability. Many articles have assessed and analyzed indicators of sustainability in cities, but less attention has been paid to indicators of instability and real issues that pose challenges to urban planning sustainability. In this regard, the present study aims to identify the challenges of sustainability in urban planning by re-evaluating indicators related to urban sustainability and assessing indicators of instability in urban planning from a realistic perspective. The results indicate that the major indicators of urban planning instability have been summarized into three economic, social, and environmental indices. In the economic index, the unstable components in urban planning include uncertainty in economic policies, housing prices, non-standard housing, income, employment, unemployment, cost of living, and female-headed households. In the environmental index, the unstable components in urban planning consist of climate change, heat islands, floods, transportation management, energy security, noise and air pollution, urban traffic, water quality and quantity, waste disposal quality, urban green infrastructure, environment as an aesthetic issue, and changing the approach to the environment with changes in individuals. In the social index, the unstable components in urban planning encompass social interaction, access to facilities and services, access to social harms services, sense of identity and belonging, neighborly relations, social segregation, public participation in city affairs, and security and welfare.
Envisaging Participatory Management in Protected Areas: Local Response to Proposed Conservation Actions in Relation to Environmental Orientation
Authors: Kleftoyanni Vassiliki , Vrahnakis Michael
Published: May 2024

Involving local people in natural area management is very important to address the complexity of environmental management issues for sustainable use of local resources. Participatory methods require the contribution of local stakeholders in decision making. Mapping the environmental views of local communities allows for detecting aspects that could facilitate management efforts. This research – in the frame of the Skyros LIFE project and the PAMNATURA project - measures local acceptability of the conservation actions proposed by the LIFE project in Skyros Island (Greece) in relation with recording local people’s environmental orientation using the 15-item revised New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale. The research was carried out by means of questionnaires. The LIFE project proposed actions were grouped into three categories according to their theme, i.e. promoting (a) Nature protection, (b) Agro-pastoralism and (c) Ecotourism. The sample seems to largely agree with the LIFE project proposals, while the results showed high scores for most of the NEP scale items, implying pro-environmental beliefs, though there appears disagreement or neutrality regarding a few items. Local acceptability of the proposed actions was found to correlate to local people’s environmental concern measured through the NEP scale. Drawing on the results, implementation of actions related directly or indirectly to economic activities, preservation of traditional activities, as well as environmental education, interactive informing and consultation could enhance local participation. Skyros island seems to offer an appropriate social background for applying participatory and adaptive management and implementing conservation programs.
Developing Business Management Concepts in the Economic Field Based on Artificial Intelligence in Light of Increasing Data
Authors: Rashid Shirin Mohamed , Ali Khairi Ali Auso , Mousa Kawar Mohammed , Pooyanmehr Mahrokh
Published: May 2024

Asia has formally entered the big data era thanks to the ongoing advancement of information technology. the company business management has discovered bright operations management based on technological advances, and the arrival of the big data era has improved work efficiency and brought about a number of economic benefits while also posing a number of challenges, such as the ongoing expansion of business scope. The business's current management model is unable to keep up with the demands of development as its scope continues to grow. The primary development trend for the future is the integration of intelligence technologies with enterprise business management, big data technology application in corporate business management promotes fairness, transparency, and justice across corporate development and consumer activities; it also facilitates the production of goods and the creation of value for products in the direction of socialization. In order to further deepen the understanding of artificial intelligence among relevant personnel, we aim to further elaborate the future growth direction of the application of artificial intelligence in the field of enterprise business management in this paper, which begins with an in-depth awareness of the current situation of the combined use of artificial intelligence technology and big companies’ business management. We then focus on the utilization path of artificial cognitive ability technology in businesses business management.
Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarının Sürdürülebilirliğin Raporlanması ve Sürdürülebilirlikle İlgili Finansal Açıklamalara Dair Görüşleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Kütahya Örneği
Authors: Yüksel Filiz
Published: May 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, muhasebe meslek mensuplarının sürdürülebilirlik raporlaması ve sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili finansal açıklamalara dair görüşlerinin incelenmesidir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Kütahya ilinde faaliyet gösteren meslek mensupları örneklemi üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anket verileri SPSS 26 istatistiksel analiz programı ile korelasyon analizi, bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve anova analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda; cinsiyet ile sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili açıklamaların işletmeye dezavantaj sağlayacağına dair görüş arasında pozitif yönlü, sürdürülebilirlik konularında rapor hazırlama ile sürdürülebilirlik açıklamalarının işletmeye dezavantaj sağlayacağı, meslek mensubuna avantaj sağlayacağına dair görüş arasında negatif yönlü; rehberler ve çerçeveler hakkında bilgi düzeyi ile standardizasyon / zorunluluk, raporlama biçimi / dönemi, raporlamanın muhasebecinin görevi olması gerektiğine dair görüş arasında pozitif yönlü ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, sürdürülebilirlik konularında raporlamaya dair görüşlerin cinsiyet ve sürdürülebilirlik konularında rapor hazırlama durumuna göre farklılık gösterdiği, ancak sürdürülebilirlik konularında raporlama ve raporlamanın sağlayacağı avantaj veya dezavantaja dair görüşlerin eğitim durumu ve mesleki tecrübeye bağlı olarak farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir.
Sınırlılıklar: Örneklemin sadece Kütahya’da faaliyet gösteren meslek mensuplarından oluşması araştırmanın sınırlılığıdır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Araştırma kapsamında örneklemi oluşturan meslek mensuplarının sürdürülebilirlik raporlaması ve sürdürülebilirlik ile ilgili finansal açıklamalara ilişkin görüşlerinin tespit edilmeye çalışılması açısından önemlidir.
Türkiye’de İllerin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliğine Göre Sınıflandırılması
Authors: Zorlutuna Şebnem
Published: May 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki illerin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği göstergelerine göre nasıl kümelendiğini ve göstergelerin kümelerle arasındaki ilişki durumunun istatistiksel anlamlılığını incelemektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Çalışmada, YANINDAYIZ Derneğince 4 alt boyut ve 27 göstergeden oluşturulan ilçe düzeyinde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Endeksine ait veriler kullanılmıştır. Silhouette İndeksi ile uygun küme sayısı belirlenerek iller benzerliklerine göre K-Ortalama Kümeleme Analizi ile sınıflandırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Genel endeks ve alt boyutları için yapılan sınıflamalarda iller iki kümeye ayrılmaktadır. Sınıflamada doğu ve batı illeri birbirinden ayrılmakta ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin batı illerinde daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak, sağlık ve spor boyutuna göre, eşitsizliğin diğer boyutlara ve genel endekse göre yön değiştiği yani batı illerinde bu eşitsizliğin daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.
Sınırlılıklar: Endeks oluşturulurken 100.000 ve üzeri nüfusa sahip ilçeler, 100.000 üzeri nüfusa sahip ilçesi olmayan illerin ise en fazla nüfusu olan ilçelerinin kullanılması araştırımın sınırlılıklarıdır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Yapılan çalışmaların geneli toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğini ülke düzeyinde göstermektedir. Yani ülke içerisinde farklı coğrafyalarda farklı dağılmış toplumsal durumları (eğitime erişim, siyasal katılım, istihdam düzeyi gibi) toplulaştırarak göstermektedir. Sayılan her bir sosyal durumun yerelde gerçekte ne olduğuna ilişkin güvenilir veriyle sınıflama yapması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
G-7 Ülkelerinde Göç, Karbon Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Nedensellik Analizi
Authors: Akın Fatih , Dinçer Selin , Özdemir Mehmet Gökhan
Published: May 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2000-2019 dönemi için G-7 ülkelerinde (Almanya, ABD, Birleşik Krallık, İtalya, Fransa, Japonya ve Kanada) dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik analizi ile incelemektir.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Çalışmanın yönteminde, Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) tarafından geliştirilen panel nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda G-7 ülkelerinde dış göçten karbon emisyonuna, ekonomik büyümeden karbon emisyonuna ve ekonomik büyümeden dış göçe doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik tespit edilmiştir.
Sınırlılıklar: Örneklemin yalnızca G-7 ülkelerinden oluşması ve dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme olmak üzere üç değişken kullanılması araştırmanın sınırlılıklarını oluşturmaktadır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Literatürde dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin çok az sayıda araştırmaya konu olması bu araştırmanın ortaya çıkmasında ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Araştırmanın G-7 ülkelerinde dış göç, karbon emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi doğrudan ele alması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır. Bu noktada araştırmanın literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Karar Verme Teknikleri Üzerinde Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Yücel Şebnem
Published: May 2024

Öz
Amaç: Çalışmada; karar verme tekniklerinin türleri ve nasıl ele alındığı, yöneticiler bakımından hangi karar verme tekniğinin tercih edildiği ve sonuçlarının neyi etkilediğini ortaya çıkartmak amaçlanmıştır.
Tasarım/Yöntem: Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden Bibliyometrik Analizi tercih edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda; Scopus Veri Tabanı’nda 1973-2023 yılları arasındaki son elli yılda yapılan karar verme tekniklerini içeren 3767 adet çalışmanın verisi analiz edilmiştir. Analizlerde, VOSviewer (Benzerliklerin Görselleştirilmesi) ve R Studio Biometrix paket programları kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda; yapılan yayınların %73,8'i makale, %20,9'u bildiri ve %2,3'ü derlemedir. Temel araştırma alanları ise mühendislik, bilgisayar bilimi ve matematiktir. 2005 yılından itibaren yayın sayısında belirgin bir artış olmuştur. Çin, Hindistan ve İran, hem bu konuda en fazla yayın yapan, hem de en çok atıf alan ülkelerdir. 2017 sonrasında karar almada, COVID-19, güç, çok kriterli karar verme, belirsizlik gibi konulara vurgu yapılmıştır.

Sınırlılıklar: Karar verme tekniklerinin, diğer veri tabanlarında da incelenmemesi bu araştırmanın sınırlılığını oluşturmaktadır.
Özgünlük/Değer: Geçmişten günümüze etkin yöneticilikte, rasyonel karar vermeye ilişkin daha önce yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi; karar verme tekniklerinin kullanılmasının önemini ortaya çıkarması açısından literatüre anlamlı bir katkı sağlamaktadır.
Empowering Madrasah Plus Aliyah Darul Ulum Students in Utilizing Waste in to Useful Items
Authors: Wakit Saipul , Indriyani  , Nuzleha Muh. , Santoso Ari Beni , Handayani Sri
Published: May 2024

Garbage is items thrown away by someone who are considered to be no longer usable. The waste problem must be addressed and anticipated by all elements and stakeholders, because if it is not taken seriously then waste can cause various kinds of problems in the community. This community service activity was carried out at Madarasah Aliyah Darul Ulum in Mumbusari village. Objectively, the main problems faced by partners are 1) Do not understand in the technical details of good and correct waste management, 2) Do not have skills in using waste, 3) There is no product from waste basic materials that has use value and economic value. The methods used are socialization to increase understanding about waste management, workshops on utilizing waste into useful items, discussions, questions and answers as well as providing education, awareness and a caring attitude towards the environment (environmental education). The results of this activity are increased knowledge, skills and products produced by partners that can provide beneficial, artistic and economic value.
The Wagner Cone Stem for Atypical Femoral Anatomy in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kayani Babar , Neufeld Michael E. , Bautista Maria , Howard Lisa C. , Abdelmalek Mohammed , Greidanus Nelson V. , Masri Bassam A. , Garbuz Donald S.
Published: May 2024

Background:

The Wagner Cone Prosthesis was designed to address complex femoral deformities during total hip arthroplasty (THA), but its mid-term component survivorship and functional outcomes remain undetermined. The objectives of this study were to determine the implant survivorship, patient satisfaction, functional outcomes, osseointegration as seen radiographically, implant subsidence, and complications of THA using the Wagner Cone Prosthesis stem at intermediate-term follow-up.

Methods:

This study involved 302 patients with proximal femoral deformities, including developmental hip dysplasia and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, who underwent a total of 320 primary THAs using the Wagner Cone Prosthesis. The average age at the time of surgery was 49.4 ± 14.5 years (range, 18.8 to 85.6 years). Patient satisfaction was recorded using a self-administered questionnaire assessing satisfaction in 4 domains. The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the Oxford Hip Score (OHS), the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS), radiographic outcomes, and complications were recorded. The mean follow-up time was 10.1 years (range, 5.2 to 15.5 years).

Results:

Survivorship of the Wagner Cone Prosthesis was 98.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 97.2% to 100%) with stem revision as the end point and 95.8% (95% CI: 93.5% to 98.2%) with reoperation for any reason as the end point at 10 years postoperatively. In total, 3 stems were revised: 2 for infection and 1 for chronic hip dislocation. The median patient satisfaction score was 95 (interquartile range [IQR], 80 to 100), median UCLA score was 6 (IQR, 6 to 7), median WOMAC score was 18 (IQR, 16 to 22), median OHS was 40 (IQR, 36 to 47), and median FJS was 80 (IQR, 76 to 88) at the time of final follow-up. All Wagner Cone stems that were not revised showed radiographic evidence of osseointegration, with a mean stem subsidence of 0.9 ± 0.8 mm at the most recent follow-up.

Conclusions:

The use of the Wagner Cone Prosthesis stem in patients with complex femoral anatomy undergoing primary THA is associated with excellent component survivorship, high levels of patient satisfaction, good functional outcomes, and reliable osseointegration with minimal stem subsidence as seen on radiographs at intermediate-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Evrengzīb Ālemgīrī Hān of the Timurid Dynasty and the Criminal Code (Ta'zirat)
Authors: Akgunduz Ahmed
Published: May 2024

The Timurid dynasty was a Turkish dynasty founded by Emir Timur in 1370 and destroyed bythe British in 1858. They founded the Timurid Empire (1370-1507), which ruled Iran and CentralAsia, and the Mughal Empire (1526-1857) in India. A member of the aristocratic Timurid dynasty,Evrengzīb Hān, was the sixth emperor of the Mughal Empire, ruling from July 1658 until his deathin 1707.During the reign of Muhyiddin Evrengzīb Ālemgir I (1658-1707), the powerful sultan of theMuslim Turkish state known as the Mughal Empire or the Mongols of India, three important codeswere issued: The first is the Fetāwāy-ı Hindiye (also called Fetāwāy-ı Ālemgirīya or Fetāwāy-ıCihāngīya), which was compiled entirely from fiqh books and compiled sharī'ah rulings. The secondis Ālemgirī's Code of State Organisation, which is called AHKAM-I-ALAMGIRI and translated intoEnglish by Hamid-ud-din Khan Bahadur under the title ANECDOTES OF AURANGZIB. The third isĀyīn-i Akbarī or Ahkām-i Ālemgirī, a collection of laws similar to the first chapter of the OttomanGeneral Qanunnāmas, which regulates the part of the customary law especially related to ta'zīrpunishments. It is known as Ta'zīrāt-ı Ālemgīrī.In this article, we will translate the Ta'zīrāt-ı Ālemgīrī, of which there is only one copy in theworld, into Turkish and analyse it according to Islamic law. The original of the Qanunnam is inPersian and there is only one copy of it in the world. Although the existence of this Qanunname hasbeen mentioned before, it has not yet been published in scholarly circles.
Effects of Reciting Qur'an (Ruqyah on Sleep Quality of Elderly People Living in A Nursing Home
Authors: . Mardiyanti , Yuanita Ita , Pratiwi Sherly Mulya
Published: May 2024

Elderly are at risk of having poor sleep quality due to chronic illness, emotional distress, anxiety, environment, malnutrition and low physical activities. Evidence showed religious therapy effectively improve mental health, reduce anxiety and depression. However, the use of ruqyah syar’iyyah for managing sleep disturbance has not been studied well, therefore this research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ruqyah therapy on sleep quality of elderly people. This study used Quasi Experimental with one group Pre-test Post-test design approach. Elderly in the nursing homes were selected based on their Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score. Seventeen elderly with PSQI> 5, Muslim and followed all the study program were participated in this study analysis.  The intervention was done by reciting selected Surah in the Qur’an once a day for three nights. The post-test was held on the last day of data collection by measuring PSQI. The age of respondents range from 61-82 years old with the majority in the elderly age (60- to 74-year-old with 76,5%), most of the education level of the respondents were elementary school (64,7%). The PSQI mean score was 14,88 ± 2,09 (pre-test) vs 9.12 ± 1,6 (post-test) P-value<0.05. Ruqyah syar’iyyah improves the elderly quality of sleep by significantly reduces the PSQI score. Ruqyah therapy may help elderly managing psychological issues that interfere their sleep latency and sleep duration. However, the study does not differentiate the group base on the cause of poor sleep   quality. Therefore, it is suggested to study the effect of ruqyah therapy based on the cause of poor sleep quality of the elderly. Nurses and other heathcare providers are suggested to use Ruqyah therapy for intervening poor sleep quality among elderly
WITHDRAWN: Implementation of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) in the background of industry 4.0 –Issues, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Ur Rahman Khalil , Mian Zhibao , Yasir Ali
Published: May 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and prognosis of chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mai Yanpei , Yi Yushan , Wen Yaqing , Huang Peixian , Wang Yuying , Wang Zhirui
Published: May 2024

Background and objectives: 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality in patients with CKD remain unclear, and this study aimed to explore these associations further.
Methods: 4989 participants with CKD were enrolled in the study, and the Cox regression model was used to assess the effects of serum 25(OH)D concentrations on mortality risk. A restricted cubic spline model was used to explore the dose-response relationships, and threshold effect analysis was performed based on inflection points identified by a two-piecewise linear regression model. In addition, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were employed.
Results: 1255 participants died during a mean follow-up period of 70 months. Compared with the 25(OH)D-deficient group, the fully adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the 25(OH)D-adequate group were 0.631 (0.545, 0.730) for all-cause mortality, 0.569 (0.435, 0.743) for cardiovascular mortality, 0.637 (0.461, 0.878) for hypertension mortality, and cancer mortality was 0.596 (0.426, 0.834). The inflection points of serum 25(OH)D concentration affecting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 89 nmol/L, and 107 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests suggested that the effects varied across populations. The results of sensitivity analyses indicated a reliable correlation.
Conclusion: We found an association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and the prognosis of patients with CKD as a reliable predictor of early intervention and intensive care.
Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of The Ankle Bracelet Laser: A new portable device to improve walking in Parkinsonism patients, Randomized Cross-Over Control Pilot Trial
Authors: Ratanasutiranont Chompoonuch , Srisi Kwan , Ruthiraphong Peeraya
Published: May 2024

Background:
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common and debilitating symptom of parkinsonism. Although visual cues have proven efficacy in alleviating FOG, current visual cues are fixed, and mobile open-loop system may be too difficult to use in some patients, leading to equivocal results in improving gait performance.
Objective:
To assess the efficacy of an ankle bracelet laser, a new mobile visual cue with practical use, in improving gait performance in parkinsonism patients with FOG.
Methods
A randomized controlled two-period crossover trial was conducted from June 15th, 2020 to October 1st, 2020 at Ramathibodi Hospital. Ten parkinsonism patients with FOG were enrolled in two conditions: walking with laser-off first and walking with laser-on first. Gait speed, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, stride length, and the locomotor rehabilitation index (LRI) were assessed twice in each trial with a 10-minute washout period.
Results
The results showed favorable results of improvement in all parameters. Gait speed and stride length improved by 0.07 m/s (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04–0.09; P < 0.001) and 0.17 m (95% CI: 0.11–0.23; P < 0.001), respectively, with laser-on. The TUG test duration was reduced by 7.69 s (95% CI: 2.82–12.55; P = 0.002). The locomotor rehabilitation index (LRI) improved by 4.46% (95% CI: 2.56–6.36; P < 0.001). When using the device, there were no adverse effects, such as dizziness or blurred vision.
Conclusions
The ankle bracelet laser improved walking performance in parkinsonism patients with FOG immediately and might have the potential to provide cueing during daily life.
Comparative Overdose Mortality, Morbidity and Abuse of Common Prescription Opioids
Authors: Channell Jessie , Schug Stephan
Published: May 2024

Objective: assess the overdose mortality of buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, tapentadol and tramadol in Australia and the morbidity and abuse rates in Western Australia.
Design: Retrospective observational study.
Setting: Australian and/or Western Australian data from the following sources; National Coronial Information System (NCIS), Western Australian Poisons Information Centre (WAPIC), Western Australian Mental Health Commission (WAMHC).
Main outcome measures: Overdose mortality (deaths attributed to opioid toxicity by the coroner), morbidity (calls to WAPIC regarding moderate to severe opioid toxicity) and abuse (number of new opioid abuse WAMHC cases and calls to WAPIC where the opioid toxicity was related to abuse) of prescription opioids, per 100,000 grams oral morphine equivalent dispensed.
Results: The overall risk of overdose mortality per prescription opioid dispensed increased by 7% over the study period. The risk of mortality, with morphine as the reference opioid, in order from highest to lowest mortality is; oxycodone 69% lower; tramadol 78%; fentanyl 84%; buprenorphine 87%; hydromorphone 91%; and tapentadol at 96% lower. Analysis of morbidity data found a significant 17% decline in the rate of cases detected for buprenorphine and a significant 11% increase in cases for oxycodone. Abuse data was insufficient to achieve statistical significance.
Conclusions: The rates of overdose mortality, morbidity and abuse differ according to the opioid dispensed even once availability and opioid strength is accounted for. These differences may be due to the inherent difference in the pharmacokinetics of each opioid and their unique effect upon the individual.
Autologous atrial appendage micrografts transplanted during coronary artery bypass surgery: design of the AAMS2 randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Sikorski Vilbert Touho Jan , Nummi Annu , Kuuva Aleksi , Wilkman Erika , Rajala Helena , Stewart Juhani , Junttila Juhani , Lindgren Kai , Kervinen Kari , Teittinen Kari , Kohonen Katja , Oksaharju Kati , Okkonen Marjo , Holmström Miia , Lehtinen Miia , Mulari Severi , Taskinen Panu , Karvonen Päivi , Kastell Päivi , Kärjä-Koskenkari Päivi , Kandolin Riina , Kesävuori Risto , Kaarlenkaski Sari , Dahlbacka Sebastian , Syrjälä Simo , Syväranta Suvi , Juvonen Tatu , Erkinaro Tiina , Mäkelä Tuomas , Karjalainen Pasi , Kankuri Esko , Vento Antti , Nykänen Antti
Published: May 2024

Background—The AAMS open-label clinical study demonstrated safety and feasibility of epicardial transplantation of autologous right atrial appendage micrografts (AAMs) during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Delivered in an extracellular matrix patch, the study also provided first indications of reduced ischemic scar and increased live ventricular wall thickness associated with AAMs therapy. To further evaluate the initial beneficial effects observed in the AAMS study, we designed the randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled AAMS2 trial. Focusing on patients with ischemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (iHFrEF), the AAMS2 trial aims to generate state-of-the-art structural and functional imaging data on the myocardium treated with an AAMs-patch during CABG.
Methods—The AAMS2 trial recruits iHFrEF patients who are set to undergo non-urgent CABG and present with a myocardial scar in preoperative cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement. Patients are randomized evenly (1:1) to receive an collagen-based matrix patch (Hemopatch®), with or without AAMs, epicardially onto the scar border. The primary endpoints at 6 months post-operatively are the effect change on the myocardial scar size by the AAMs-patch transplantation site, as assessed by CMR with late gadolinium enhancement and change in blood N-terminal-pro-BNP in the timeframe. The trial’s secondary endpoints address feasibility, safety, echocardiography, quality of life, symptom scaling, and 6-minute walk test.
Discussion—Data from the AAMS2 trial provide the first randomized, blinded, and placebo-controlled evaluation of efficacy on epicardial AAMs transplantation for iHFrEF. This data then enables the rational design of larger AAMs therapeutic efficacy-addressing trial(s).
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05632432, registered 30 November 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05632432
Does laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy support the posterior compartment in women with multicompartment prolapse including rectocele?
Authors: Aichner Simone , Studer Andreas Martin , Frey Janine , Brambs Christine , Krebs Jörg , Christmann-Schmid Corina
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nerve-sparing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in managing multicompartment prolapse with concurrent rectocele (≥ stage II). It sought to determine if additional posterior repair was necessary for successful support of the posterior compartment and to evaluate the impact on bowel function in women undergoing surgery.
Methods
Data from all women who underwent laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy with or without posterior repair between 01/2017 and 07/2022 for symptomatic multicompartment prolapse, including apical and posterior compartment descent ≥ stage II, were retrospectively evaluated. All women underwent a urogynecological examination, including assessment of genital prolapse using the POP-Q quantification system and completed the validated German Female Pelvic Floor questionnaire pre- and postoperatively (6-12 weeks). Preoperative anatomic support and bowel symptoms were compared to postoperative values.
Results
In total 112 women met the criteria for surgical correction. The majority (87%) had stage II posterior descent, with only 10% undergoing concurrent posterior repair during laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. Significant (p<0.001) objective improvement was seen for all compartments post- compared to preoperatively (Ba: 0(-1/2) vs -3(-3/-2), C: -1(-2/0) vs -8(-12/-7), Bp:0(-1/0) vs -3(-2/-2); (Median 25%/75% quartiles)). Subsequent surgery for persistent rectocele and/or stool outlet symptoms was required in 4% of cases. Most bowel specific questions in the German Female Pelvic Floor Questionnaire showed significant improvement (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Nerve-sparing sacrocolopopexy alone seems to be a suitable surgical approach correcting multicompartment prolapse, including a rectocele ≥ stage II and results in a reduction of objective signs and symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse.
Hydrogen-rich syngas production from wood waste and wood waste pellet via gasification in updraft circulating fixed bed reactor
Authors: Parlak Kemal , Yilgor Nural , Öngen Atakan
Published: May 2024

This study aims to investigate the possibility of utilizing post-consumer wood waste by converting it into high value-added and environmentally friendly products via pyrolysis assisted gasification and direct gasification. Wood waste supplied from houses and garbage containers by Beşiktaş Municipality, Turkey, was used in the trials. After characterization of the wood waste was done, the experiments were carried out in an updraft fixed-bed reactor at temperatures of 700, 800, and 900°C with dry air (DA) and pure oxygen (PO) gasifying agents with varying flow rate parameters (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 L/min for DA, 0.01 L/min for PO). Wood waste was processed separately into chips and pellets, and appropriate experimental parameters were determined and compared. The maximum H2 yield of 57%, cold gas efficiency of 68%, and mean H2/CO ratio of 2.51 were experimentally obtained in pelletized wood waste. In addition, the maximum H2 production of 51%, cold gas efficiency of 52%, and mean H2/CO ratio of 1.97 were successfully achieved for chipped wood waste. The experimental results demonstrate that in terms of hydrogen-rich syngas, H2/CO ratio, cold gas efficiency, and material conversion, pelletized wood waste is superior to chipped wood waste.
Biogas production from anaerobic digestion of Phragmites australis: influence of mechanical pre-treatment, harvesting season and co-digestion with food waste.
Authors: Al-Iraqi Ahmed R. , Gandhi Bhushan P. , Folkard Andrew M. , Barker Philip A. , Semple Kirk T.
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the effect of harvesting time and using the co-digesting strategy on the digestibility of Phragmites australis biomass and methane production. The P. australis biomass harvested from summer, autumn, and winter was digested singly (mono-digestion) and combined with synthetic food waste (co-digestion) at an inoculum to substrate ratio 1:1 based on the volatile solid content of inoculum and substrate and under mesophilic conditions (37 ± 1°C). The results found that cumulative methane production was low during mono-digestion of summer, autumn, and winter P. australis (36.26 ± 4.48, 35.59 ± 3.08, and 34.90 ± 4.40 mL/g VS added, respectively) due to the effect of lignin on the biodigestibility of P. australis. This issue was addressed by co-digestion of P. australis biomass from these three seasons with synthetic food waste, which resulted in an increase of a cumulative methane production (135.66 ± 1.14, 137.33 ± 3.21, and 123.94 ± 1.01 mL/g VS added, respectively).
Evaluation of SVM and RF Machine Learning Algorithms in Land Use/Land Cover Change Assessment: Tessa Watershed Case Study (Northwest of Tunisia)
Authors: BACCARI Noamen , HAMZA Mohamed Hafedh , SLAMA Tarek , SEBEI Abdelaziz , REBAI Noamen
Published: May 2024

This study aims to highlight the changes in LULC (land use and Land cover) in the Tessa watershed (Northwest of Tunisia) between 1993 and 2023. Remote sensing coupled with geographic information systems (GIS) and statistical analysis, are used. Accuracy metrics make it possible to evaluate the performance of the image classification method, using the calculation of the producer’s accuracy, the user’s accuracy, overall accuracy, and the Kappa coefficient. Two Machine Learning (ML) algorithms related to the supervised classification are used for two Landsat images related to 1993 and 2023: the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Random Forest (RF). These algorithms are integrated into the SCP plugin of the QGIS software used in this study. The overall accuracy achieved by applying the SVM algorithm to the Landsat 5 TM image from 1993 is 88.24% with a Kappa value of 0.8, whereas the overall accuracy obtained for the Landsat 8 OLI image from 2023 is 99.4% with a Kappa value of 0.99. By applying the RF algorithm, the overall accuracy obtained for the 1993 Landsat 5 TM image is 86% with a Kappa value of 0.8, while for the 2023 Landsat 8 OLI image, the overall accuracy obtained is 81% with a Kappa value of 0.77. Using the transition matrix, it was possible to detect LULC changes spatiotemporally. A comparison of the classification results obtained from SVM and RF algorithms with ground truth showed that the SVM classifier was more accurate in the study area.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Communication Coaching Program: A CFIR-Informed Qualitative Analysis Mapped onto a Logic Model
Authors: Jensen Rachel M. , Sasnal Marzena , Mai Uyen T. , Korndorffer James R. , Miller-Kuhlmann Rebecca K. , Morris Arden M. , Nassar Aussama K. , Gold Carl A.
Published: May 2024

Background
Coaching programs in graduate medical education have the potential to impact trainee development across multiple core competencies but require rigorous program evaluation to ensure effectiveness. We sought to qualitatively evaluate the implementation of a multi-departmental, faculty-led communication coaching program using a logic model framework.
Methods
Study participants were selected from four key stakeholder groups: resident coachees, faculty coaches, medical education leaders, and programmatic sponsors. 30–45 minute semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom, transcribed, and de-identified for the analysis. Interviews captured stakeholders' perspectives on physicians' communication training needs, stakeholders perceived and actual roles, stakeholders’ involvement in the program, factors influencing the implementation process, and strategies for programmatic improvement, sustainment, and spread. The Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR) guided the codebook development and data analysis. A combined inductive/deductive approach was used to develop a 20-item codebook, followed by a team-based thematic analysis. A strong intercoder agreement (Cohen’s kappa coefficient κ = 0.83) ensured coding consistency. The emerging themes were then mapped onto four domains of a logic model: Context, Inputs and Outputs, Outcomes, and Evaluation.
Results
35 interviews were conducted between November 2021 and April 2022 with representation from all stakeholder groups, including 10 resident coachees (who received coaching), 10 faculty coaches (who served as coaches and underwent coaching-specific faculty development), 9 medical education leaders (who designed and implemented program), and programmatic sponsors (who provided financial support). We mapped 8 emergent themes onto the critical domains of a logic model for program evaluation. For the domain of Context, themes included (1) gap in communication education and (2) patient-centeredness. For the domain of Inputs/Outputs, themes included (1) investment in the program and (2) perceived program value. For the domain of Outcomes, themes included (1) learning-focused outcomes and (2) patient-related outcomes. For the domain of Evaluation, themes included (1) defining success and (2) challenges with evaluation.
Conclusions
Mapping CFIR-informed themes onto a logic model for program evaluation presents a novel strategy for integrating program implementation and evaluation, both of which are essential to effective educational programming. These findings can be used to guide future programmatic modifications to better meet the needs of key stakeholders.
A novel laboratory-based strategy for single adipocyte and adipose-derived stem cells extraction for transplantation: an experimental research
Authors: Liu Yu , Yu Jiaying , Liao Dongsheng , Peng Jingming , Chen Changjin , Huang Yeqian , Chen Chiaoju , Li Zhengyong , Wijaya Wilson Adrian , Zhao Ziyi , Chen Zhixing
Published: May 2024

Background
Autologous fat grafting is widely used in plastic surgery. However, its main limitation is the low survival rate of fat grafts after transplantation. Transplantation of single adipocytes in combination with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could largely preserve the activity of the fat and improve graft survival.
Objective
To verify the long-term survival rate of a single adipocyte graft in vivo and its viable fat morphology for future fat transplantation.
Methods
Healthy adipose tissue was harvested and disassociated using fat dissociation solution, the Single-cell Suspension Preparation System (SSPS) was used to obtain a mixture of single adipocytes, ADSCs and stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and the structure of single adipocytes was verified by cell mask red and DAPI double staining. Nine male Balb/c nude mice were used and three different graft volumes were established (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 ml). For each mouse, four sites were selected for transplantation, one for macrofat, the other three for single adipocytes. And different transplant volumes 30, 60 and 90 days after transplantation. In each period, 3 mice were selected to measure the volume of fat graft.
Results
Double staining with Cell Mask Red and DAPI confirmed that the nucleus was identified intracellularly, which also indicated that the adipocytes in the single cell suspension were structurally complete. When evaluating the transplantation, the groups with a volume of 0.05 ml and 0.2 ml performed better in the single-cell fat group in all transplantation periods, and the group with a volume of 0.1 ml performed better in the single-cell group in the 30- and 60-day transplantation, and the differences were significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
In this study, the SSPS was used to obtain a new transplant material containing single adipocytes and ADSCs by enzymatic hydrolysis of adipose tissue and converted into single cells. It effectively improved the survival rate of fat grafting and the long-term effect of transplantation.
Evaluation the neuroprotective effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in traumatic spinal cord injury rats using diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Liu Fang , Wu Zhongyue , Yang Xinyi , Li Chenlu , Lai Huimin , Liu Ying , Zhang Chenhui , Cao Dairong
Published: May 2024

Study Design: Animal experimental study.
Objective: To investigate the potential value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats undergoing hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) at different time points.
Setting: Hospital in Fuzhou, China.
Methods: Seventy-two rats were randomly allocated into three groups: sham-operated group (laminectomy only); SCI group (the spinal cord weight dropping model); HBO-PC group (HBO-PC for five consecutive days before SCI). Each group was further randomized into four time-point subgroups (6 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days). Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scores and DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD) were collected and analyzed. Spinal cord tissues were processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Nissl staining.
Results: HBO-PC groups exhibited higher FA values than SCI groups at different time points (all P < 0.05). RD and MD values were higher in SCI groups than in HBO-PC groups from 24 hours to 7 days (all P < 0.05). Compared to HBO-PC group, SCI group showed more pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration and neuronal atrophy. The number of surviving neurons in injured spinal cord in HBO-PC group was higher than that in SCI group at each time point (all P < 0.05). FA values were negatively correlated with BBB scores, while RD and MD values were positively correlated with BBB scores.
Conclusions: HBO-PC can reduce neuronal cell death and promote nerve function recovery. DTI can quantitatively evaluate the protective effect of HBO-PC in rats with SCI.
Deep Learning Based Evaluation of Surgical Candidacy for Cervical Spinal Cord Decompression
Authors: Ratnaparkhi Anshul , Wilson Bayard , BSE David Zarrin , Suri Abhinav , Yoo Bryan , Salehi Banafsheh , Berin David , Cook Kirstin , Florence TJ , Laiwalla Azim , Gaonkar Bilwaj , Macyszyn Luke , Beckett Joel
Published: May 2024

Many patients who present to their primary care physician for neck pain undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of their diagnostic workup. The physician is then tasked with deciding if the findings of the MRI and workup warrant referral a spine surgery, an intricate task complicated by the high rates of background findings. This results in a high number of non-surgical patients being referred to surgery. Although there are a multitude of reasons for non-surgical patients to still see a subspecialist, deep learning has the potential to help inform physicians of their patients’ surgical candidacy. The preset work describes a proof-of-concept model for evaluating operative candidacy for cervical stenosis only using data from outpatient elective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. This deep-learning algorithm was trained to automatically segment the areas of both the spinal canal and spinal cord on 100 axial cervical spine MRIs. Once segmented, the model used these areas to generate a biomarker for cervical stenosis, calculated as the minimum difference in cross-sectional area between the spinal canal and the spinal cord within the cervical spine. Following training, the model and its biomarker were tested against a cohort of 147 consecutive patients evaluated in the outpatient setting by a group of board-certified neurosurgeons at our institution for complaints related to their cervical spines. Our automated model determined that the mean minimum difference in cross-sectional area between the spinal canal and spinal cord for our cohort was 35.90±25.00 mm2 for patients who ultimately underwent surgical decompression and 48.55±33.52 mm2 for patients who did not (P=0.005). Using this biomarker, the model distinguished between surgical and non-surgical patients with relatively high accuracy (AUC 0.79). When tested against a novel cohort of outpatient spine surgery clinic patients, the described algorithm determined whether the patient underwent decompression for cervical stenosis using data acquired solely from their cervical spine MRI scans. These findings support a proof-of-concept for our automated deep-learning model and biomarker, which could significantly improve the efficiency of the referral process for patients with neck complaints to a surgical subspecialist.
Influencing factors of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Mortality at Bernard Mevs Hospital from January 2017 to December 2017
Authors: Brice Taïna , Chery Maurice J. , Miguel Anne-Rose , Désir Naïka Paulemie , Jean-Noël Maraïka , Laflèche Nelenda , Alexandre Richcard , Joseph Steeven , Jusca Kohlz Erley Saint , Pinchinat Raymonde , Julien Adonaï Aly Isaac
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
The morbi-mortality in a pediatric intensive care unit is an important determinant of child mortality worldwide. In Haiti, there are only two hospitals in the metropolitan area with a pediatric intensive care unit. The objective of this study is to identify the main factors influencing the mortality of patients aged 1 month to 16 years hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit at the Bernard Mevs Hospital (HBM).
Methodology:
We carried out a retrospecptive cross-sectional and analytical study over one year, within the Bernard Mevs Hospital Medishare Project (HBMPM). Our population consisted of all the patients aged 1 month to 16 years hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit of HBM from January 2017 to December 2017.
Results
From January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017, 122 files of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care units (PICU) at HBM were selected. Among those patients, a male predominance was demonstrated with 76 patients, or 63.30%, with a sex ratio of 1.65. The average age of the patients was 5.73 ± 4.73 years. In 43 patients (35.26%), trauma was the main cause of hospitalization, followed by respiratory illnesses, found in 22 patients, or 18.04% of admissions. The mortality rate was 33.60%, dominated by septic shock in 24% of cases. The average days of hospitalization in the deceased population was 12 days. This study demonstrated that the probability of dying in the PICU is higher in male patients (p-value of 0.0049) and in patients who have been intubated (p-value of 0.0021).
Conclusion
Our study has demonstrated a high mortality rate among male patients and those who have been intubated. Most of the causes of admission were preventable. Other studies should be carried out to generalize data and identify key measures to reduce the infant and child mortality in Haiti.