bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Multinational Observational Study Exploring Adherence With the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Recommendations for Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Küllmar Mira , Weiß Raphael , Ostermann Marlies , Campos Sara , Grau Novellas Neus , Thomson Gary , Haffner Michael , Arndt Christian , Wulf Hinnerk , Irqsusi Marc , Monaco Fabrizio , Di Prima Ambra Licia , García-Alvarez Mercedes , Italiano Stefano , Felipe Correoso Mar , Kunst Gudrun , Nair Shrijit , L’Acqua Camilla , Hoste Eric , Vandenberghe Wim , Honore Patrick M. , Kellum John A. , Forni Lui , Grieshaber Philippe , Wempe Carola , Meersch Melanie , Zarbock Alexander
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:

The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend a bundle of different measures for patients at increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that management in accordance with the KDIGO recommendations was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of postoperative AKI in high-risk patients. However, compliance with the KDIGO bundle in routine clinical practice is unknown.

METHODS:

This observational prevalence study was performed in conjunction with a prospective RCT investigating the role of the KDIGO bundle in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery. A 2-day observational prevalence study was performed in all participating centers before the RCT to explore routine clinical practice. The participating hospitals provided the following data: demographics and surgical characteristics, AKI rates, and compliance rates with the individual components of the bundle.

RESULTS:

Ninety-five patients were enrolled in 12 participating hospitals. The incidence of AKI within 72 hours after cardiac surgery was 24.2%. In 5.3% of all patients, clinical management was fully compliant with all 6 components of the bundle. Nephrotoxic drugs were discontinued in 52.6% of patients, volume optimization was performed in 70.5%, 52.6% of the patients underwent functional hemodynamic monitoring, close monitoring of serum creatinine and urine output was undertaken in 24.2% of patients, hyperglycemia was avoided in 41.1% of patients, and no patient received radiocontrast agents. The patients received on average 3.4 (standard deviation [SD] ±1.1) of 6 supportive measures as recommended by the KDIGO guidelines. There was no significant difference in the number of applied measures between AKI and non-AKI patients (3.2 [SD ±1.1] vs 3.5 [SD ±1.1]; P = .347).

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients after cardiac surgery, compliance with the KDIGO recommendations was low in routine clinical practice.
Future Desires, the Agony Argument, and Subjectivism about Reasons
Authors: Lin Eden
Published: January 2020

Extant discussions of subjectivism about reasons for action have concentrated on presentist versions of the theory, on which reasons for present actions are grounded in present desires. In this article, I motivate and investigate the prospects of futurist subjectivism, on which reasons for present actions are grounded in present or future desires. Futurist subjectivism promises to answer Parfit's Agony Argument, and it is motivated by natural extensions of some of the considerations that support subjectivism in general. However, it faces a problem: because which desires one will have in the future can depend on what one does now, it must tell us which of one's possible future desires give one reasons to promote their satisfaction. I argue that the most natural solutions to this problem are unsatisfactory: they either fail to answer the Agony Argument or have unacceptable implications elsewhere. Then, I propose a more promising solution. Moreover, I argue that a closely analogous problem arises for an important class of idealizing subjectivist views and that this problem admits of a similar solution.
A History of Uber Organizing in the UK
Authors: Aslam Yaseen , Woodcock Jamie
Published: January 2020

This article details Yaseen Aslam’s experience of organizing at Uber. Yaseen is the National General Secretary of UPHD (United Private Hire Drivers), a branch of the IWGB (Independent Workers Union of Great Britain). He is a co-claimant, with James Farrar, in the employment rights court cases against Uber in the UK. The article is the outcome of co-writing with Jamie Woodcock, presenting Yaseen’s first-person perspective. It builds on the method of workers’ inquiry and writing between workers and academics.
Molecular Design and Regulation of Metalloenzyme Activities through Two Novel Approaches: Ferritin and P450s
Authors: Watanabe Yoshihito , Aiba Yuichiro , Ariyasu Shinya , Abe Satoshi
Published: January 2020

We have developed two novel approaches for the construction of artificial metalloenzymes showing either unique catalytic activities or substrate specificity. The first example is the use of a hollow cage of apo-ferritin as a reaction vessel for hydrogenation of olefins, Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling and phenylacetylene polymerization by employing Pd0 nano-clusters, Pd2+(η3-C3H5) complexes and Rh1+(nbd) (nbd = norbornadiene) complexes introduced in the hollow cage, respectively. The second approach is the use of “decoy molecules” to change substrate specificity of P450s, allowing epoxidation and hydroxylation activities toward nonnative organic substrates in P450SPα, P450BSβ and P450BM3 without the mutation of any amino acid. Finally, the decoy strategy has been applied to an in vivo system of P450, i.e., the use of P450BM3 expressed in the whole cell of E. coli to oxidize benzene to phenol.
Quality of Single-Case Designs Targeting Adults’ Exercise and Physical Activity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ferrara Paula-Marie M. , Beaumont Cory T. , Strohacker Kelley
Published: January 2020

Exercise and physical activity (ExPA) interventions require substantial preefficacy and efficacy testing before dissemination at the clinical and community level. Single-case designs (SCD; i.e., small-scale experiments where participants serve as their own controls) hold promise for preefficacy intervention development and refinement. At present, SCD may be underutilized in ExPA promotion, potentially because of the perceived lack of methodological rigor.

Purpose

This review aimed to evaluate the quality of SCD research used to test ExPA promotion strategies in adults.

Methods

Combinations of key words related to SCD and ExPA were used to search PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO between July and October 2017. Of the 120 individual searches, 1227 titles were found, 10 of which met inclusion criteria. Two published quality assessment tools were then used to analyze SCD quality.

Results

Average quality scores were 10 out of 14 (range 8–12) for the first tool and 13 out of 15 (range 9–15) for the second tool. Commonly unmet criteria included the use of assessor blinding (unfulfilled by 100% of studies), fidelity reporting (unfulfilled by 100%), inter-/intrarater reliability (unfulfilled by 80%), and appropriate statistical analyses (unfulfilled by 60%).

Conclusion

Quality scores of SCD reporting were moderate to strong, but commonly missed criteria represent rigorous reporting standards for behavioral science. Although not specifically addressed in the quality assessment tools, it is important to note that only one study reported the ExPA prescription with replicable precision (i.e., specific reporting of exercise frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, and progression). Researchers should strive to meet all criteria and provide transparency to elevate the use of SCD for ExPA intervention development before effectiveness testing in real-world conditions.
In vitro Anti-candida Activity of Different Saudi Honeys and Honey Mixed with Taifi Rose Oil
Authors: Kalakattawi Anan , Al Attas Sana G. , Edris Sherif , Z. Abdel Azeiz Ahmed , AlGuthami Ahmad F. , G. Hegazi Ahmed , B. Almasaudi Saad , R. Al-Hindi Rashad , Bahieldin Ahmed
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Candida albicans is a common human yeast that infect several epithelial tissues including vagina. The increase of drug-resisting C. albicans encouraged the researchers to find alternative treatment. Honey medical signatures such as bactericidal, antifungal and anti-candida made it a possible candidate for disease treatment. In addition, rose essential oil possesses a wide range of biochemical activities in folkloric medicine including anti-microbial activities. The present research utilizes honey alone or in conjunction with Taifi rose (Rosa damascena) oil as anti-candida agent to treat vaginal candidiasis. Three local monof oral honeys from different flower sources and/or geographic origins were tested with four concentrations (50, 80 and 95%), while two concentrations of the Taifi rose oil (1 and 2%). anti-candida activity of honey alone or in conjunction with Taifi rose oil was determined as well as phenolic and flavonoids contents were determined. Also, GC-MS analysis of volatile oils and alkaloids were evaluated. The results of this study indicated that acidity is within the allowed range for commercialization and long-lasting storage. All honeys tested inhibited completely the C. albicans growth at concentrations 80% and 95% either incubation after 48 or 72 h. Also, only Markh and Manuka honeys were completely inhibited C. albicans growth at 50% concentration. Also, C. albicans growth inhibited completely at 2% Taifi rose oil after the incubation periods of 48 and 72 h. The phenolic compounds and flavonoids were analysed by mass spectrometry analysis which revealed the Markh honey showed the presence of gallic acid and quercetin that proved to have antifungal activity. It could be concluded that mixed Markh honey and Taifi rose oil treatment was capable to inhibit C. albicans growth completely. Further research is required to determine the anti-candida activity of the mixture of Markh honey and Taifi rose oil in the human body as a new therapeutic drug to treat vaginal candidiasis.
A Study on Removing of Some Organic and Inorganic Substances using the Tutmaç Clay Via Adsorption Method
Authors: Yildiz Adnan , Gür Tugba , Alper Serafettin
Published: January 2020

In this investigation, the removing of some substances via adsorption onto tutmaç clay were performed in aqueous and organic solutions using batch system. It was aimed to remove the inorganic ions Mg2+ and Ca2+ (Excess of; Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions make water hard and cause to serious healt problems) organic substance cholest (its removing is important as by means of health and cosmetically) from the solution by adsorption method using the active surfaces of Tutmac clay was charactized by XRD. The amount of the substances adsorbed on the clay surface in the solutions were analyzed using AAS and UV spectroscopic methods. The experimental data have indicated that Tutmaç clay is good adsorbent and physical adsorption methot is quite suitable for the removing of Mg2+, Ca2+ and cholesterol from solutions. The adsorption data determined from experimental results best fitted Langmuir Isotherms. The obtained results also confirmed that the applicability of Tutmaç clay is an efficient supporter material for removing contaminations of inorganic and organic substances. And Tutmaç clay material can be used as a very effective adsorbent in removing of pollutants from organic and aqueous solutions.
Susceptibility of Certain Cucumber Hybrids (Cucumis Sativus L.) Through Different Planting Dates for Main Pest Infestation Under Field Conditions
Authors: E. Abdallah Emam S. , G. Metwally Samia A. , A. Mikhail Wafai Z.
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out in experimental farm of the Plant Protection Research Institute, Qaha, Qalyubiya Governorate during Nile seasons. The study was carried out to evaluate the susceptibility of three cucumber hybrids, Hayel, Ashrak and Bahi, to infestation rate of main destructive pests during two successive seasons 2015 and 2016, whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and Tetranychus urticae. The statistical analysis of the mean number showed significant differences during the two seasons. During the second season hybrids showed significant differentiation. The hybrids (Bahi and Hayel) recorded highest mean number of B. tabaci, followed by hybrid Ashrak with lowest mean number of B. tabaci. The seasonal abundance of the movable stage T. urticae was higher during 2016 than 2015. The statistical analysis of the mean number of movable stage of T. urticae showed significant differentiation for the two successive seasons. On the other hand, population fluctuation of movable stage of T. urticae for the three tested hybrids showed significant differences in the both seasons during three sowing plantation dates indicated significant too.
Subcloning and Expression of a Protease Gene from Bacillus halodurans CM1 in Bacillus subtilis DB104
Authors: Rahmawati Endang , Abinawanto Abinawanto , Helianti Is
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: Proteases are potential enzymes that utilized in various industrial fields, and the demand of these enzymes is increasing. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is Indonesia indigenous bacterium which is detected to be able to produce alkalotermophilic protease enzyme. In this study, we subcloned the protease gene consist of Open Reading Frame of protease gene and its promoter from Bacillus halodurans CM1 in Bacillus subtilis DB104 via conjugation, and analyzed the expression of the recombinant protease. The protease gene is 1 417 bp length including the open reading frame and the promoter, and obtained by PCR and cloned into pGEM T easy. After confirmed by sequencing, the gene was subcloned into vector pBBRE194, then the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli S17-1. This E.coli was then conjugated to Bacillus subtilis DB104. The target recombinant B. subtilis DB104 has been obtained confirmed by plasmid verification and erythromycin resistance. The recombinant protease produced showed the highest enzyme activity at 50oC and pH 9 (with pH range 5-9) which with protease activity 13.66 U/mL.
Clinical and Morphological Manifestations of Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cats with Regular Consumption of Lactose
Authors: Mariia Nikolaevna Kozlova
Published: January 2020

Annotation currently, in domestic cats (felis silvestris catus), degenerative processes of the intestine and stomach are widespread. The leading place among pathologies is occupied by conditions caused by the regular consumption of lactose. Veterinary gastroenterology as an independent area is a relatively young science, which is being improved from year to year. The increase in cases of visits to veterinary clinics of owners of cats with pathological conditions of the intestines and stomach causes increased professional interest among veterinarians of general practice, as well as the felinological community. The article presents the results of studies proving the important role of food antigens in the early formation of degenerative processes of the intestine and stomach, leading to a significant deterioration in the standard of living of the animal with a subsequent fatal outcome.
Lectin histochemical study of the quill sebaceous gland in the dorsal skin of the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica)
Authors: Prawira Andhika Yudha , SAVITRI NOVELINA  , HUDA SALAHUDIN DARUSMAN  , SRIHADI AGUNGPRIYONO  , WARTIKA ROSA FARIDA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Prawira AY, Novelina S, Farida WR, Darusman HS, Agungpriyono S. 2019. Lectin histochemical study of the quill sebaceous gland in the dorsal skin of the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica). Biodiversitas 20: 2677-2684. In the Sunda Porcupine skin, the sebaceous glands of the quill follicles are multi-lobed alveolar and better developed than those of hair follicles. Using lectin histochemistry, we have studied the distribution of sugar-binding in the sebaceous glands of quills in comparison with those of hairs in six adult Sunda Porcupines. The skin samples from the thoracodorsal and lumbosacral regions were collected by biopsy procedure and processed for histology, histochemistry, and lectin histochemistry. The results showed that the lectin binding patterns are similar in secretory acinar parts of both types of sebaceous glands. The acini and excretory duct contained neutral carbohydrate and sugar residues. The acini also contained alpha D-mannose sugar residue, while the non-secretory excretory duct and debris in the lumen contained alpha-D-mannose, alpha-L-fucose, and α>β-N-acetylgalactosamine, and complex type N-glycan (oligosaccharide) sugar residues, as well. The present findings allowed us to suggest, that in Sunda Porcupine functions of the sebaceous glands of quills are more complex and active compared to those of the hairs.
Genetic variation among the geographic population of Cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Indonesia inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequence
Authors: Nopriawansyah Nopriawansyah , AUNU RAUF  , YAYI M. KUSUMAH  , ALI NURMANSYAH  , YONNY KOESMARYONO
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Nopriawansyah N, Rauf A, Kusumah YM, Nurmansyah A, Koesmaryono Y. 2019. Genetic variation among the geographic population of Cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Indonesia inferred from mitochondrial COI gene sequence. Biodiversitas 20: 2685-2692. Cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive pest native to South America. Research was conducted with the objective to study genetic variation of cassava mealybug from different geographic areas in Indonesia. Thirty-six samples of cassava mealybugs were collected from eight different population locations. Genomic DNA was extracted from individual specimens of P. manihoti using gSYNC DNA Extraction Kit from Geneaid Lot No. FB221707. PCR amplification using primary CO1 gene showed the target position as long as 518 bp. Analysis of homology from eight populations revealed eight haplotypes in Indonesia with different variable sites. Genetic distance analysis was done by calculating base pair differences in each population. The percentage of genetic distance between populations was 0.0000% -0.00409%. The results of the analyst using the Kimura-2 parameter showed that the population was divided into 2 clusters. The highest haplotype (Hd) diversity value was 0.8333, while the lowest was zero (Hd = 0). The highest nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.00225 and the lowest was 0.000000. The genetic distance and nucleotide diversity were low because P. manihoti was thelytoky parthenogenesis.
Short Communication: Determination of the age of the Paddy Field Frog, Fejervarya cancrivora (Anura: Dicroglossidae) by using skeletochronology
Authors: Phadmacanty Ni Luh Putu Rischa , Kurniati Hellen
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Phadmacanty NLPR, Kurniati H. 2019. Short Communication: Determination of the age of the Paddy Field Frog, Fejervarya cancrivora (Anura: Dicroglossidae) by using skeletochronology. Biodiversitas 20: 2739-2743. The age of 102 individuals of paddy field frog (Fejervarya cancrivora) from Karawang District, West Java, Indonesia was skeletochronological determined. Hematoxylinophilic lines interpreted as lines of arrested growth (LAG) were observed clearly in the femur bone suggesting that this technique can be used to estimate the age of the frog, although the level of accuracy is likely to be strongly influenced by external and internal factor. In general, age estimates look close to accuracy at mature age levels; which one LAG equals the age of the frog that has passed one year old. The age structure of F. cancrivora from a paddy field in Karawang District has the maximum age of five years in females and four years in males. In general, adult females were not significantly larger than adult males.
Animal utilization based on local knowledge in Ciletuh Geopark, Ciemas Subdistrict, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: INDRI WULANDARI  , Shanida Sya Sya , TEGUH HUSODO  , ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA  , DEDE TRESNA
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Wulandari I, Shanida  SS, Husodo T, Megantara EN, Tresna D. 2019. Animal utilization based on local knowledge in Ciletuh Geopark, Ciemas Subdistrict, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2781-2789. Ciletuh Geopark has high biodiversity but has not been supported by local knowledge about the use of animals to support sustainable development. This study aims to investigate: (i) the number of species that are used, (ii) distribution of local knowledge about animals using, and (iii) the dependency of communities on creatures in Ciletuh Geopark, Ciemas Subdistrict, Sukabumi. Mixed methods of qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative methods (proportional random sampling) were applied in this study. The community uses 153 species, consisting 58 Avifauna species, 13 mammals species, nine Herpetofauna species, three insects species, 16 species of freshwater fish, 43 species of seawater fish, two Mollusca species, and nine crustacean species. Utilization of fauna is not distributed in each village. Animals using of Avifauna, Herpetofauna, insects, and mammals tend to be utilized by people of Girimukti Village. Seawater fish, Mollusca, and crustaceans tend to be utilized by Ciwaru Village, while freshwater fish tend to be used in each village, except Girimukti and Cibenda Village. Utilization of fauna in Ciemas Subdistrict has begun to be abandoned, although several people still use them.
A comparative study of tree community structure and natural regeneration status in Bontang urban forest and conservation forest of the LNG Industrial Plant Area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sudrajat Sudrajat Sudrajat , MINTORO DWIPUTRO
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Sudrajat S, Dwiputro M. 2019. A comparative study of tree community structure and natural regeneration status in Bontang urban forest and conservation forest of the LNG Industrial Plant Area, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2841-2847. The objective of this study was to describe and compare the community structure and natural regeneration status of tree species in urban forests within industrial estates. This study was conducted in two types of forests, Bontang urban forests within industrial area and conservation forests in the Industrial buffer zone area. At each forest location, a transect was made, and along the transect, a plot of size 20 x 20 meters was made with a distance between plots of 100 meters. In each plot, several subplots were made with size of 5m x 5m for sapling level, and 2m x 2m for seedling level. The results of this study showed that in urban forest areas there were 32 tree-level species, 21 sapling species and 15 seedling species, belonging of 49 genera and 39 families. The number of species, species richness, species diversity, evenness of sapling and tree-level species was more in urban forests than in conservation forest, and the condition was vice versa for seedling level. The value of species dominance index in conservation forest was greater than urban forest, and conversely, the value of individual density/ha for tree-level was 562.50 individuals/ha, sapling level was 7,933 ind./Ha and for seeding level 80,625 ind./ha. Of the 53 urban forest species, 28 species (52.83%) were in no regeneration category, 3 species (5.66%) were in poor regeneration category, and 22 species (41.50%) were in the new species category. In contrast, among 76 species of the conservation forests, 8 species (10.52%) showed good regeneration status, 13 species (17.10%) showed poor status and 55 species (72.36%) showed no regeneration status. From the results, it can be concluded that the Bontang urban forest in the industrial area shows no regeneration status and the emergence of new species. In the context of conservation, it is recommended to implement special silvicultural techniques to maintain the biodiversity of this urban forest.
Dynamic population of N2-fixing cyanobacteria in an organic rice field
Authors: DIAN HENDRAYANTI  , IMAM RUSMANA  , DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA  , HAMIM
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Hendrayanti D, Rusmana I, Santosa DA, Hamim. 2019. Dynamic population of N2-fixing Cyanobacteria in an organic rice field. Biodiversitas 20: 2883-2890. The existence of free living N2-fixing cyanobacteria in rice fields has been acknowledged as an advantage for rice crops. At present, implementation of organic rice-systems has been increasing as an alternative way for keeping rice fields healthy. Therefore, investigation of N2-fixing cyanobacteria as a part of the soil components is important. Dynamic populations of the filamentous N2-fixing cyanobacteria assemblage in organic rice field at Ciparay, South Bandung, was investigated during the crop’s growth cycle (January-March 2018). Soil samples were collected from four plots of 20 ha rice fields. At each plot, soil from three random stations with three replications was taken using a 3-cm-diameter plastic cylinder. Composite samples from each station were analyzed for colony enumeration (TPC method), relative abundance and frequency, and species identification. The results show that population reached peak on the 80 days after planting (194 x 106 cfu/g soil). Species number decreased following increased density of the rice canopy. Among the 23 morphospecies found along the rice growth, four species were always found during all stages of growth: Halotia wernerae CSO2, Roholtiella mojavensis CSO6, Hapalosiphon welwitschii CSO7, and Desmonostoc danxiaense CSO3. The community of N2-fixing cyanobacteria found in the organic rice field was different to those reported from non-organic rice field.
Mineral levels of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) from different types of land in Bali, Nusa Penida, and Sumbawa Islands (Indonesia)
Authors: Besung I Nengah Kerta , NI LUH WATINIASIH  , GUSTI NGURAH KADE MAHARDIKA  , KADEK KARANG AGUSTINA  , NI KETUT SUWITI
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Besung INK, Watiniasih NL, Mahardika GNK, Agustina KK, Suwiti NK. 2019. Mineral levels of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) from four different types of land in different rearing areas in Bali, Nusa Penida, and Sumbawa Islands (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 20: 2931-2936. This study aims to prove that the mineral level of Bali cattle in serum is dependent on the origin and raising habitat. Serum samples were collected from three islands in Indonesia, i.e. Bali, Nusa Penida, and Sumbawa. Samples from Bali were further classified into four different areas (i.e. agroforestry, perennial plantation, horticultural plantation, and rice field). Blood samples were collected in the jugular vein without anticoagulant. The contents of macrominerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, P) and microminerals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn) were measured using the flame method in atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the level of phosphor (P) macromineral and all microminerals under study were influenced by the origin of cattle. The macrominerals are statistically varied in different cattle raising environments. The same is also valid for all microminerals, with an exception of Fe. All mineral levels under study were statistically equal in male and female Bali cattle. Phosphor macromineral and all microminerals levels were origin and environment-dependent. Supplementation of deficient minerals in a certain area and land type is recommended to improve the performance of Bali cattle.
The phytoremediation potential of non-edible oil-producing plants for gold mine tailings
Authors: Andriya Nadya Nurafifah , Hamim Hamim , SULISTIJORINI SULISTIJORINI , Triadiati Triadiati
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Andriya NN, Hamim H, Sulistijorini, Triadiati. 2019. The phytoremediation potential of non-edible oil-producing plants for gold mine tailings. Biodiversitas 20: 2949-2957. Plants can be used as phytoremediation agents to reduce environmental pollutants including heavy metal contaminants produced due to industrial activities. The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological, anatomical, and physiological responses of four non-edible oil-producing plants namely Jatropha curcas, Ricinus communis, Reutealis trisperma, and Melia azedarach and their ability to absorb and accumulate lead  (Pb) when grown in different concentrations of gold mine tailings. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design involving two factors, four different species of plants and three different concentrations of tailings  (0%, 50%, and 100%). Gold mine tailings caused a decrease in the growth of all species indicated by a significant reduction in plant height, leaf number, leaf area, shoot as well as root dry weight, while it significantly increased green RGB values of leaves. Pb accumulation was detected in the root as well as leaf tissues of the plant-based on histochemical analysis. The treatment with tailings also caused an increase in lipid peroxidation levels as indicated by increased malondialdehyde content in the roots and leaves. On the other hand, chlorophyll and carotenoid content decreased due to tailings treatment, along with the relative water content. Among the four species investigated, R. trisperma was found to be the most resistant species to gold mine tailings based on its ability to maintain growth even during gold tailing stress, which is also supported by principal component analysis.
Computing the relevant colors that describe the color palette of paintings
Authors: Nieves J. L. , Gomez-Robledo L. , Chen Yu-Jung , Romero J.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we introduce an innovative parameter that allows us to evaluate the so-called “relevant colors” in a painting; in other words, the number of colors that would stand out for an observer when just glancing at a painting. These relevant colors allow us to characterize the color palette of a scene and, on this basis, those discernible colors that are colorimetrically different within the scene. We tried to carry out this characterization of the chromatic range of paints according to authors and styles. We used a collection of 4,266 paintings by 91 painters, from which we extracted various parameters that are exclusively colorimetric to characterize the range of colors. After this refinement of the set of selected colors, our algorithm obtained an average number of 18 relevant colors, which partially agreed with the total 11–15 basic color names usually found in other categorical color studies.
On the performance of adaptive hybrid MQAM–MPPM scheme over Nakagami and log-normal dynamic visible light communication channels
Authors: El-Fikky Abd El-Rahman A. , Ghazy Abdallah S. , Khallaf Haitham S. , Mahmoud Mohamed Ehab , Shalaby Hossam M. H. , Aly Moustafa H.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we introduce the idea of using adaptive hybrid modulation techniques to overcome channel fading effects on visible light communication (VLC) systems. A hybrid

M

-ary quadrature-amplitude modulation (

M

Q
A
M

) and multipulse pulse-position modulation (MPPM) technique is considered due to its ability to make gradual changes in spectral efficiency to cope with channel effects. First, the Zemax optics studio simulator is used to simulate dynamic VLC channels. The results of Zemax show that Nakagami and log-normal distributions give the best fitting for simulation results. The performance of

M

Q
A
M

–MPPM is analytically investigated for both Nakagami and log-normal channels, where we obtain closed-form expressions for the average bit-error rate (BER). The optimization problem of evaluating the hybrid modulation technique settings that lead to the highest spectral efficiency under a specific channel status and constraint of outage probability is formulated and solved using an exhaustive search. Our results reveal that the adaptive hybrid scheme improves system spectral efficiency compared to ordinary QAM and MPPM schemes. Our results reveal that the adaptive hybrid scheme improves system spectral efficiency compared to ordinary QAM and MPPM schemes. Specifically, at low average transmitted power,

−
32

d
B
m

, the adaptive hybrid scheme shows 280% improvement in spectral efficiency compared to adaptive versions of ordinary schemes. At higher power,

−
20

d
B
m

, 6.5% and 725% improvement are obtained compared to ordinary QAM and ordinary MPPM, respectively. Also, the adaptive hybrid scheme shows great improvement in average BER and outage probability compared to ordinary schemes. The hybrid scheme shows 28%, 34%, and 38% improvement, respectively, for

m
=
1
,
2
,
3

for Nakagami channels at

B
E
R

=

10

−
3

. Also, the outage probability of hybrid schemes of

B
E
R

=

10

−
3

shows 30% and 14% better performance than ordinary

M

Q
A
M

and MPPM schemes, respectively.
Sodium lidar observation over full diurnal cycles in Beijing, China
Authors: Xia Yuan , Cheng XueWu , Li FaQuan , Yang Yong , Lin Xin , Jiao Jing , Du LiFang , Wang JiHong , Yang GuoTao
Published: January 2020

Due to the severe interference from strong solar background light on the received signal, daytime ground-based lidar observation of the sodium (Na) layer is challenging. In this paper, a Na lidar permitting full-diurnal-cycle observation of the metal Na layer over Beijing, China (40.5°N, 116°E) was reported. In order to suppress the skylight background during daytime effectively with less signal losses, a dual-channel Faraday filtering unit was implemented in the lidar receiver. Based on the diurnal Na lidar system, a good number of continuous observational results that lasted more than 120 h with good signal-to-noise ratio were obtained, demonstrating its reliability. Considerable variations within the Na layer during the day were revealed, especially on the layer top and bottom side. In particular, strong sporadic Na layer (Nas) events that occurred during the daytime of 3 consecutive days were also captured with complete evolution process. These observational results showed the advantages of the diurnal Na lidar for investigating the metal layer photochemistry and dynamics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. Na layer observations over the whole diurnal cycle not only benefit the improvements of current theoretical models, but also can allow for a specialized analysis of Nas that occur in the daytime and provide valuable observational support for investigating the rapid production and disappearance mechanisms of Na atoms.
Assessment of the brain ischemia during orthostatic stress and lower body negative pressure in air force pilots by near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Gerega Anna , Wojtkiewicz Stanislaw , Sawosz Piotr , Kacprzak Michal , Toczylowska Beata , Bejm Karolina , Skibniewski Franciszek , Sobotnicki Aleksander , Gacek Adam , Maniewski Roman , Liebert Adam
Published: January 2020

A methodology for the assessment of the cerebral hemodynamic reaction to normotensive hypovolemia, reduction in cerebral perfusion and orthostatic stress leading to ischemic hypoxia and reduced muscular tension is presented. Most frequently, the pilots of highly maneuverable aircraft are exposed to these phenomena. Studies were carried out using the system consisting of a chamber that generates low pressure around the lower part of the body - LBNP (lower body negative pressure) placed on the tilt table. An in-house developed 6-channel NIRS system operating at 735 and 850 nm was used in order to assess the oxygenation of the cerebral cortex, based on measurements of diffusely reflected light in reflectance geometry. The measurements were carried out on a group of 12 active pilots and cadets of the Polish Air Force Academy and 12 healthy volunteers. The dynamics of changes in cerebral oxygenation was evaluated as a response to LBNP stimuli with a simultaneous rapid change of the tilt table angle. Parameters based on calculated changes of total hemoglobin concentration were proposed allowing to evaluate differences in reactions observed in control subjects and pilots/cadets. The results of orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis based on these parameters show that the subjects can be classified into their groups with 100% accuracy.
Fringe harmonics elimination in multi-frequency phase-shifting fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Jiang Chao , Xing Shuo , Guo Hongwei
Published: January 2020

In fringe projection profilometry, the purpose of using two- or multi-frequency fringe patterns is to unwrap the measured phase maps temporally. Using the same patterns, this paper presents a least squares algorithm for, simultaneously with phase-unwrapping, eliminating the influences of fringe harmonics induced by various adverse factors. It is demonstrated that, for most of the points over the measured surface, projecting two sequences of phase-shifting fringe patterns having different frequencies enables providing sufficiently many equations for determining the coefficient of a high order fringe harmonic. As a result, solving these equations in the least squares sense results in a phase map having higher accuracy than that depending only on the fringe patterns of a single frequency. For the other few points which have special phases related to the two frequencies, this system of equations becomes under-determined. For coping with this case, this paper suggests an interpolation-based solution which has a low sensitivity to the variations of reflectivity and slope of the measured surface. Simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method significantly suppresses the ripple-like artifacts in phase maps induced by fringe harmonics without capturing extra many fringe patterns or correcting the non-sinusoidal profiles of fringes. In addition, this method involves a quasi-pointwise operation, enabling correcting position-dependent phase errors and being helpful for protecting the edges and details of the measurement results from being blurred.
Generation of a Bessel beam in FDTD using a cylindrical antenna
Authors: Ardaneh Kazem , Giust Remo , Morel Benoit , Courvoisier Francois
Published: January 2020

Bessel beams are becoming a very useful tool in many areas of optics and photonics, because of the invariance of their intensity profile over an extended propagation range. Finite-Difference-Time-Domain (FDTD) approach is widely used for the modeling of the beam interaction with nanostructures. However, the generation of the Bessel beam in this approach is a computationally challenging problem. In this work, we report an approach for the generation of the infinite Bessel beams in three-dimensional FDTD. It is based on the injection of the Bessel solutions of Maxwell’s equations from a cylindrical hollow annulus. This configuration is compatible with Particle In Cell simulations of laser plasma interactions. This configuration allows using a smaller computation box and is therefore computationally more efficient than the creation of a Bessel-Gauss beam from a wall and models more precisely the analytical infinite Bessel beam. Zeroth and higher-order Bessel beams with different cone angles are successfully produced. We investigate the effects of the injector parameters on the error with respect to the analytical solution. In all cases, the relative deviation is in the range of 0.01-7.0 percent.
Compact plasmonic fiber tip for sensitive and fast humidity and human breath monitoring
Authors: Du Bobo , Yang Dexing , Ruan Yinlan , Jia Peipei , Ebendorff-Heidepriem Heike
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate a plasmonic fiber tip for relative humidity (RH) detection by integrating a gold nanomembrane onto the end-face of a multimode optical fiber via a flexible and high-efficiency transfer method. Fast water condensation/evaporation is responsible for the high performance of the fiber tip in response to RH. A high sensitivity of 279 pm/%RH is obtained in the range of

11
%
∼
92
%

R
H

. Taking advantage of the fast dynamics (response and recovery times of 156 ms and 277 ms), the plasmonic fiber tip offers an excellent detection capability to human breaths at varied frequencies and depths. The compact, easy-fabrication, and fast-dynamics plasmonic platform has versatile potential for practical applications, including environmental and healthcare monitoring, as well as biochemical sensing.
Ultrafast laser-absorption spectroscopy for single-shot, mid-infrared measurements of temperature, CO, and CH4 in flames
Authors: Tancin Ryan J. , Chang Ziqiao , Gu Mingming , Radhakrishna Vishnu , Lucht Robert P. , Goldenstein Christopher S.
Published: January 2020

This Letter describes the development of an ultrafast (i.e., femtosecond), mid-infrared (mid-IR), laser-absorption diagnostic and its initial application to measuring temperature, CO, and

C
H

4

in flames. The diagnostic employs a Ti:sapphire oscillator emitting 55 fs pulses near 800 nm that were amplified and converted into the mid-IR though optical parametric amplification at a repetition rate of 5 kHz. The pulses were directed through the test gas and into a high-speed mid-IR spectrograph to image spectra across a

≈

30

n
m

bandwidth with a spectral resolution of

≈

0.3

n
m

. Gas properties were determined by least-squares fitting simulated absorbance spectra to measured single-shot absorbance spectra. The diagnostic was validated with measurements of temperature, CO, and

C
H

4

in a static-gas cell with an accuracy of 0.7% to 1.8% of known values. Single-shot, 5 kHz measurements of temperature and CO column density were acquired near 4.9 µm in a laser-ignited HMX (i.e., 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane) flame and exhibited

1
−
σ

precisions of 0.4% and 2.3%, respectively, at

≈

2700

K

. Further, temperature and

C
H

4

column density measurements were acquired near 3.3 µm in a partially premixed

C
H

4

-air flame produced by a Hencken burner and exhibited

1
−
σ

precisions of 0.3% and 1% respectively, at

≈

1000

K

.
Hypoglycemic efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis and/or Ocimum basilicum leaves powder as a promising clinico-nutritional management tool for diabetes mellitus in Rottweiler dogs
Authors: Abdelrahman Noha , El-Banna Ramadan , Arafa Mahmoud M. , Hady Maha M.
Published: January 2020

Background and Aim: This study examined the impact of dietary fortification with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and/or basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves powder on glycemic status of dogs.

Materials and Methods: Forty-five Rottweiler dogs were assigned to five experimental groups and fed an experimentally processed extruded basal diet that was either fortified or not fortified. G1 was fed the basal diet without any fortification (negative control); G2 was consumed the basal diet supplemented with a commercially available synthetic palatant (positive control); G3 was provided with rosemary fortified (at 0.05%) basal diet; G4 was provided with a basil fortified (at 0.05%) basal diet; and G5 was offered a rosemary and basil fortified (each at 0.025%) basal diet.

Results: G4 and G5 exhibited a positive impact on growth performance traits. Dogs in G3, G4, and G5 showed significant decreases in serum glucose levels in comparison to dogs of the control groups (G1 and G2). It was clear that the inclusion level of 0.05% of basil leaves powder showed the greatest hypoglycemic action. Indeed, G4 dogs showed a reduction in blood glucose at a percentage of approximately 31% followed by G5 and G3 groups (16.25% and 14%, respectively). Furthermore, basil leaves inhibited the amylase enzyme activity. Both insulin and cortisol levels in G4 dogs were increased and reduced compared to controls, respectively. In addition, dietary fortification with rosemary and/or basil significantly increased glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels, while values for malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase were decreased.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that dietary fortification of dog diet with rosemary and/or basil leaves powder at 0.05% separately or 0.025% in combination might be used as promising modulators of blood glucose levels as well as clinico-nutritional management tools for the prevention and control of diabetes mellitus in dogs.
Антирелигиозное воспитание молодежи на юге Западной Сибири во второй половине 1940-х — середине 1960-х гг.
Authors: Зиберт Наталья Петровна , Шершнева Елена Александровна
Published: January 2020

Рассматривается специфика антирелигиозной пропаганды в молодежной среде во второй половине 1940-х — середине 1960-х гг. Лояльная конфессиональная политика, реализуемая советским правительством с 1943 г., спровоцировала не только открытие новых храмов на юге Западной Сибири, но и увеличила число людей, переставших скрывать свои религиозные убеждения. Изученные авторами архивные документы свидетельствуют, что особое недовольство партийных органов вызывали участившиеся случаи присутствия детей и молодежи на богослужениях и появление в приходах молодых активных священников. При этом важно отметить неоднозначность проводимой антирелигиозной работы, значительный объем которой был направлен непосредственно на молодое поколение и искоренение религиозных предрассудков в их среде. Мероприятия антирелигиозной направленности, проводимые государственными учреждениями различного уровня, широкая сеть кружков, занимающихся политическим просвещением молодежи, активная пропаганда научных и материалистических знаний сосуществовали с непримиримостью, оскорблением религиозных чувств населения и грубым применением административных методов. При этом важно подчеркнуть широко распространенную бытовую религиозность и конформизм в отношении верующих во всех слоях населения, в том числе и среди лиц, занимающихся антирелигиозной пропагандой.
Система государственного налогообложения городского недвижимого имущества в центральноазиатских окраинах Российской империи (конец XIX — начало ХХ в.)
Authors: Лысенко Юлия Александровна , Жанбосинова Альбина Советовна
Published: January 2020

На основе документов делопроизводства органов власти Степного и Туркестанского генерал-губернаторств, а также статистических данных анализируется процесс формирования региональной модели государственного налогообложения на недвижимое городское имущество. Отмечается, что господство традиционных экономических отношений в центральноазиатских окраинах, незначительное присутствие в региональной экономике рыночного сектора и соответствующей ему городской инфраструктуры исключали возможность проведения здесь земской реформы и создания органов местного самоуправления — земств. Этот факт определил особенности формирования системы земских повинностей, в том числе налогообложения на городское недвижимое имущество. Данный налог начал вводиться в центральноазиатских окраинах гораздо позднее, чем в целом по империи — в конце XIX в., его распределение и контроль были возложены на областные и уездные правления. В условиях неравномерного роста численности городов и городских поселений в областях Степного края и Туркестана в пореформенный период введение государственного налога на городское недвижимое имущество происходило поэтапно.

Так, в Степном крае городское население стало выплачивать данный налог с момента введения Степного положения в 1891 г., в Туркестане — только с 1905 г.

Следует отметить, что суммы, поступаемые от сбора налога на недвижимое имущество, были незначительными и не могли в полном финансовом объеме обеспечить инфраструктурное и социальное развитие городов и городских поселений центральноазиатских окраин Российской империи.
Опыт реконструкции политической биографии Сулеймана Кучукова
Authors: Аюпов Тимур Маратович
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена легендарной личности — Сулейману Кучукову — первому кадровому офицеру из числа киргизов, герою Первой мировой войны, одному из первых коннозаводчиков Киргизии и Узбекистана. Опираясь на опубликованные источники, документы архивных фондов и полевые исследования, автором предпринята попытка прояснить некоторые «белые пятна» в его биографии: предлагается правильное написание его имени, точные даты жизни и смерти, сведения о награждениях и т.д. Часть использованных материалов впервые вводится в научный оборот. Таким образом, развеиваются некоторые мифы, связанные с ним. Прослеживается боевой путь одного из первых национальных воинских соединений — Кара-киргизского кавалерийского полка, которым в годы Гражданской войны командовал С. Кучуков. Кроме военной службы и хозяйственной деятельности, затрагивается также его личная жизнь и судьба потомков, среди которых две заслуженные артистки Узбекской ССР. Особое внимание уделяется вопросу национальной принадлежности командира. К сожалению, остаются не установленными истинные причины и обстоятельства внезапной гибели героя.