bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anmerkungen zur Debatte zwischen Schelling und Eschenmayer in den Jahren 1803–1804
Authors: Leistner Patrick
Published: October 2018

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGIm Rahmen des Artikels wird die Debatte zwischen Schelling und Eschenmayer inden Jahren 1803–1804 als eine Kontroverse analysiert, die deren vorherige um die Naturphilosophie weiterführt. Der Zentralgedanke Eschenmayers wird in dessen Theorie der »Potenzierung« gesehen. Auf dieser Grundlage entwickelt Eschenmayer 1803 eine Theorie der intellektuellen Anschauung, die seine Theorie des »Überganges« in methodischer Hinsicht tragen und dabei den Glauben in einer grundsätzlichen Bedeutung für das Wissen und die Philosophie wiedereinführen soll. Ferner soll damit die Generierung von Differenz in der absoluten Identität erklärbar sein. So erscheint die Debatte über den Zusammenhang von Philosophie und Religion von 1803 und 1804 zunächst als eine Debatte um die Methodik und die Theorie der Philosophie selbst. Die Analyse von Schellings Methodik, der »Konstruktion«, macht die tiefen Differenzen zwischen Eschenmayer und Schelling deutlich. In der Konsequenz hat auch die von Schelling zwischen 1802 und 1804 präsentierte Religionsphilosophie eine grundlegend andere Bedeutung als Eschenmayers.SCHLUSSELWORTENIDENTITÄTSPHILOSOPHIE, NATURPHILOSOPHIE, INTELLEKTUELLEANSCHAUUNG, RELIGION.ABSTRACTWithin the scope of this article the debate between Schelling and Eschenmayer inthe years 1803–1804 is analysed as a controversy, that continuies the former concerning the philosophy of nature. The central thought of Eschenmayer in his theories of matter and also in his theorie of the philosophy proceeding to »Nichtphilosophie«, is seen in the »Potenzierung«. On this basis he develops a theory of »Intellektuelle Anschauung« that should bear methodically his »progress in Nichtphilosophie« and reintroduce the religious belief in a fundamental meaning for the philosophy. Moreover it should explain the genesis of difference in the absolute identity. So the debate about the connection of philosophy and religion in 1803 and 1804 seems to be mainly one about the methods and theory of philosophy. Looking at Schellings method of »Konstruktion« the fundamental differences between both get visible. In the consequence Schellings philosophy of religion, that he presented between 1802and 1804, has strictly another meaning than Eschenmayers.KEY WORDSphilosophy of identity, philosophy of nature, intellectual intuition, religion.
El programa fundacionalista del saber en la enciclopedia de las ciencias filosóficas
Authors: Padial Juan J.
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEste artículo trata del programa de la Enciclopedia de las ciencias filosóficas deHegel. Programa que Hegel delinea en la introducción a dicha obra, y que culmina en el silogismo de silogismos que concluye su obra. Desde su comienzo y término cabe advertir (1) la diferencia de la Enciclopedia hegeliana con las enciclopedias dieciochescas, y (2) la relación de la ciencia filosófica hegeliana con lo empírico.PALABRAS CLAVEHEGEL, ENCICLOPEDIA, FUNDACIONALISMO, CIENCIAABSTRACTThis paper focus on the Hegelian program of the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences. Hegel explains his program in the ―Introduction‖, and in the last pages of the Encyclopedia, the syllogism of syllogisms. From its beginning and from its end, it is possible to notice (1) the difference between the Encyclopedia and other encyclopedias of the eighteenth-century, like the French one or the British one; and (2) the relationship of the Hegelian notion of philosophical science with the empirical.KEY WORDSHEGEL, ENCYCLOPEDIA, FOUNDATIONALISM, SCIENCE
Contribución a una filosofia de la imagen en el sistema del saber hegeliano
Authors: Papoulias Haris
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEl propósito de este ensayo es discutir sobre la posibilidad de desarroyo de una ontología de la imagen a partir de las premisas teóricas del Sistema del Saber hegeliano, mostrando también su relevancia en el debate contemporáneo de los visual studies o de la Bildkritik.PALABRAS CLAVESHEGEL, IMAGEN, ROMANTICISMO, ARTE ABSTRACTO, ESPIRITU SUBJETIVO, ICONOCLASTIA ENDOGENAABSTRACTThe aim of this essay is to argument the possibility to develop an Ontology of Image, taking as a starting-point the theoretical premises of the Hegelian System of Knowledge and by doing so to show its actuality in the contemporary debate of visual studies or of Bildkritik.KEY WORDSHEGEL, IMAGE, ROMANTICISM, ABSTRACT ART,SUBJECTIVE SPIRIT, ENDOGENUS ICONOCLASM
José Ortega y Gasset y la generación de 1911. Reflexiones en torno a la filosofía «post-neokantiana»
Authors: Leszcyna Dorota
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEl intento del presente artículo es investigar el lugar de Ortega en el panorama del pensamiento europeo, especialmente alemán, de la primera mitad del siglo XX, utilizando uno de los conceptos fundamentales de su filosofía, es decir, el concepto de la «generación». Por tanto se defiende la tesis de que Ortega puede ser considerado como uno de los representantes de la generación post-neokantiana llamada por él mismo la generación de 1911 y que el pensamiento orteguiano se inscriba en el programa intelectual de filósofos como: Nicolai Hartmann, Heinz Heimsoeth, Karl Jaspers o Martin Heidegger. Todos estos filósofos brotan de la tradición neokantiana y la superan creando una nueva actitud filosófica centrándose en la reflexión ontológica y en el proyecto de superar el idealismo moderno.PALABRAS CLAVESORTEGA, GENERACIÓN, NEOKANTISMO, POST-NEOKANTISMO, ONTOLOGÍA, IDEALISMO ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to investigate the site of Ortega in the panorama of European, especially German thought, in the first half of the twentieth century, using one of the fundamental concepts of his philosophy, that is, the concept of «generation». Therefore I will defend the thesis that Ortega can be considered as one of the representatives of the post-neo-Kantian generation, called by himself the «generation of 1911» and that Ortega’s thought participates in the intellectual program of philosophers such as: Nicolai Hartmann, Heinz Heimsoeth, Karl Jaspers or Martin Heidegger. All these philosophers emerge from the neo-Kantian tradition but it overcomes, creating a new philosophical attitude, focusing on ontological reflection and on the project to overcome modern idealism.KEYWORDSORTEGA, GENERATION, NEO-KANTIANISM, POST-NEO-KANTIANISM, ONTOLOGY, IDEALISM
Links between Peace, Democracy and Human Rights
Authors: Barbey Christophe
Published: October 2018

La construcción de la historia moderna depende en parte de los valores y de las herramientas políticas que la personas tienen a su alcance como individuos: la democracia y los derechos humanos. Utilizando la paz como punto inicial y moviéndose a través de la evolución más reciente, este artículo explora conexiones entre la democracia, los derechos humanos y la paz, describiendo las distintas herramientas disponibles en sus respectivas y mutuas evoluciones. El lugar que la paz puede ocupar en las constituciones se explora en este artículo, junto a la posibilidad y la ventaja que tiene concebir dicha paz como un derecho humano. En tanto que «el progreso está en camino», el artículo muestra las avenidas transitables y los diferentes caminos disponibles para participar en esta evolución.
Sobre guerra, medios populares y responsabilidades de la vanguardia: folletines, caricaturas, guías turísticas y manifiestos
Authors: Lahuerta Juan José
Published: October 2018

Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial y en los años anteriores y posteriores una gran cantidad de arte y literatura se dedica a la exaltación del conflicto, a su justificación, a su lamento. Esta literatura y este arte discurren por todos los estratos de la sociedad: desde folletines sentimentales, cuentos e historietas de guerra, relatos bélicos de gran consumo o guías turísticas de los campos de batalla, hasta novelas y poemas de grandes autores; desde caricatura popular hasta obras de artistas reputados. Todo ello tiene un denominador común: el terrible empobrecimiento del lenguaje, por un lado, y, por otro, la convicción por parte de algunas élites intelectuales de que, en cualquier caso, ya no hay nada que decir. En el mundo del nihilismo imperfecto que se deriva de todo ello aparece un gran responsable: la vanguardia, que ve en la guerra la realización de algunas de sus fantasías, todas ellas relacionadas con la voluntad de destrucción.
Poética de la imagen de perfil
Authors: Molinuevo José Luis
Published: October 2018

Estas páginas se dedican a indagar en ciertos aspectos de la filmografía de Christian Petzold,uno de los directores más signicativos del nuevo cine alemán, posterior a la caída del muro de Berlín. Tomando como clave hermenéutica la presencia en estas películas de «la imagen de perfil», se toma el pulso a la actualidad del efecto de distanciamiento propuesto por Brecht, los nuevos recursos empleados en la técnica de «montaje suave» (Farocki) y la voluntad de Petzold de documentar la verdad a través de la ficción. El tratamiento insistente, a través de la imagen cinematográfica, de los traumas sufridos por las dos Alemanias a lo largo del sigloXX constituye el argumento principal de este artículo.
Del saber y de la libertad. El argumento de isaiah Berlin contra el determinismo (I)
Authors: Díaz-Urmeneta Muñoz Juan Bosco
Published: October 2018

RESUMENLa posición de i.Berlin sobre el determinismo fue recibida por muchos como un ataque al alcance de las ciencias humanas. Su argumentación, sin embargo, sugiere nuevas y sugerentes relaciones entre el conocimiento y la libertad, además de una concepción específica de la lectura de la historia. En el presente ensayo, que constituye una primera parte del trabajo, se analiza el argumento de I. Berlin sobre el determinismo, situándolo en las dos discusiones sobre la historia que se desarrollaron tras la II Guerra Mundial. PALABRAS CLAVEDETERMINISMO-BERLINABSTRACTI. Berlin's position on determinism was received by many authors as an attack on the human sciences. His interpretation, however, suggests novel and stimulating relations between knowledge and freedom, together with a specific philosophy of history. This paper, wich constitutes the first part of a whole essay, assesses Berlin's argument on determinism, placing it within the two debates on history held after world war II.KEYWORDSDETERMINISM-BERLIN
Liberalismo y metafísica. Sobre “Los substratos metafísicos de la teoría demo-liberal” de C. Kohn
Authors: Francés Pedro
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEste trabajo tiene como objetivo responder a las críticas al liberalismo formuladas en un reciente trabajo de Carlos Kohn. Para mostrar esto expondré, en primer lugar, por qué pienso que Kohn generaliza ilegítimamente una concepción bastante estrecha de liberalismo, relacionada con la economía. En segundo lugar señalaré los límites de esa concepción, y cómo puede definirse otra más comprehensiva, en la que enmarcaré la mayor parte del liberalismo político contemporáneo y, un tanto audazmente, el contractualismo clásico de Hobbes. En tercer lugar, trateré de mostrar que, esta versión comprehensiva es una razonable descripción de la política, que no depende lógicamente de suposiciones dudosas sobre los presupuestos y requisitos de la economía de mercado y que, por ello, escapa indemne a la crítica de KohnPALABRAS CLAVELIBERALISMO-LIBERALISMO POLÍTICO-DEMOCRACIA LIBERAL-CAPITALISMOABSTRACTThe paper aims to revise the critiques to liberalism recently formulated by Carlos Kohn. i will explain, firstly, why I think Kohn wrongly generalizes a quite thin conception of liberalism, related to the economy. Secondly, I will suggest the limitations of that conception. Instead, another, more comprehensive notion can be formulated that can encompass both contemporary political liberalism and, even audaciously, Hobbes' cassical contractualism. Thirdly, I will argue that this comprehensive notion is a reasonable description of politics. it does not depend on doubtfull assumptions over the principles of market economy. hence, it escapes Kohn's critique.KEYWORDSLIBERALISM- POLITICAL LIBERALISM-LIBERAL DEMOCRACY-CAPITALISM
Seminario Internacional sobre Kierkegaard
Authors: Larrañeta Rafael
Published: October 2018

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La demostración matemática: problemática actual
Authors: Alcolea Banegas Jesús
Published: October 2018

RESUMENAnalizamos la problemática actual en torno a la demostración matemática, con particular énfasis en las ideas introducidas por las demostraciones asistidas por ordenador y por la llamada matemática experimental. Examinamos además la influencia que pueden tener estas ideas sobre el concepto de demostración y proponemos una caracterización atendiendo a las diferentes funciones que puede desempeñar la demostración en su vertientes explicativa, comunicativa, sistematizadora, como incrementadora de la comprensión de resultados y como transmisora de conocimiento y convicción. Finalmente, se ofrecen algunas conclusiones sobre problemas relacionados con la intuición, la lógica, la certeza, el conocimiento y el falibilismo, desde la perspectiva de las demostraciones, que favorecen una concepción cuasi-empirista de la matemática.PALABRAS CLAVEDEMOSTRACIÓN, DEMOSTRACIÓN ASISTIDA POR ORDENADOR, CONOCIMIENTO MATEMÁTICO, CUASI-EMPIRISMOABSTRACTThe present problems about mathematical proof are analyzed, putting the emphasis on the ideas introduced by the computer-assisted proofs and by the so-called experimental mathematics. In addition, the influence that those may have on the concept of proof is examined, and a characterization is proposed taking into consideration the functions that such a concept of proof may perform according to its different aspects as explanation, communication, systematization, as a way to increase undestading of results, and as a way to transmit knowledge and conviction. Finally, and from this perspective on proofs , some conclusions are offered about problems connected with intuition, logic, certinty, knowledge and falibilism, that favor a quasi-empirical view on mathematics.KEYWORDSPROOF, COMPUTER,-ASSITED PROOF, MATHEMATICAL KNOWLEDGE, QUASI-EMPIRICISM
Ética y nihilismo. A propósito de "On Contemporary Nihilism" de Aron Gurwitsch
Authors: Díaz Álvarez Jesús M.
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEl presente artículo es una exposición reflexiva del texto de Aron Gurwitsch "On Contemporary Nihilism". Escrito en plena conflagración mundial, su intención última es mostrar que el nihilismo, en tanto que fenómeno que define la situación de occidente desde el declive de las ideas racionalistas, es el sustrato común, la base de la que van a emerger, por un lado, el "nihilismo epistemológico", que afecta a los diferentes saberes (teóricos y prácticos), y, por el otro, el terrible hecho del totalitarismo. Frente a esta situación, Gurwitsch defenderá que la única manera de salir del nihilismo y recuperar la cordura y la dignidad del ser humano es volviendo a reactivar, en el sentido husserliano, el ideal racionalista, el famoso dar y recibir razones con el que un día nació la filosofía en Grecia.PALABRAS CLAVENIHILISMO-TOTALITARSMO-RACIONALIDAD-ABSOLUTOABTRACTThis article is an expostion and a reflection on Aron Gurwitsch´s "On Contemporary Nihilism". He worte this text during the Second World War and his ultimate intention was to show that nihilism, as the fact which defined the situation of the West since the decline of the rationalistic ideas, was the common base from which two phenomena arose. The first of them is the "epistemological nihilism", which affects our theoretical and practical disciplines. The second one is the terrible fact of totalitarianism. Taking this situation into account, Gurwitsch will maintain that the only way to overcome hilism and to recover the dignity of the human being is through the re-activation, in the husserlian sense, of the rationalist ideal, the famous "lógon diadónai" with which a long time ago philosophy was born in Greece.KEYWORDSNIHILISM-TOTALITARISM-RATIONALITY-ABSOLUTE
El huevo o la gallina
Authors: Falgueras Salinas Ignacio
Published: October 2018

RESUMENUn atento examen de la conocida y problemática cuestión "¿qué es antes el huevo o la gallina?" sirve, en este breve escrito, de introducción metodológica al estudio filósofico de la vida orgánica. Una vez señalado lo incorrecto de la disyunción, se procede, mediante sucesivas ampliaciones, a una profundización teórica en sus implícitos, y, finalmente, a la detección del supuesto que la problematiza y que reside en el sentido pretendidamente unívoco del "antes". La multiplicidad de sentidos reales de la anterioridad pone de manifiesto que el método adecuado para entender la vida orgánica es el método sistémico.PALABRAS CLAVETEORÍA DE LA VIDA-COSMOLOGÍA-ANTROPOLOGÍA-MÉTODO SITÉMICOABSTRACTA carefully study of the popular puzzle "what comes first, the chicken or the egg?" will serve in this short paper as a methodological introduction for the philosophical theory of organic life. After pointing that this disjunction is incorrect, I will arrive, by means of successive amplifications, at an in-depth theoretical study of their assumptions, ans, eventually, at the dislosure of the implicit aspects that make its understanding problematic and which are rooted in the supposed univocal meaning of "first". The multiplicity of actual meanings of priority makes clear that the systemic method is the appropriate one in order to understand organic life.KEYWORDSTHEORY OF LIFE-COSMOLOGY-ANTHROPOLOGY-SISTEMIC METHOD
La limitada racionalidad humana
Authors: Martínez-Freire Pascual F.
Published: October 2018

RESUMENEn primer lugar, se analiza la teoría clásica, tal como la formuló Aristóteles, de los seres humanos como animales racionales. En segundo lugar, se presenta la caracterización del hombre como no animal e irracional que ofrece Martinho da Vila. En tercer lugar, se consideran las tesis freudianas sobre la mezcla de racionalidad e irracionalidad en los humanos. En cuarto lugar, se señalan algunos puntos de vista recientes, debidos a Simon así como a la psicología y neurociencia actuales, sobre la limitación de la razón humana y su relación con las emociones. Finalmente se argumenta que ni Aristóteles ni Martinho da Vila describen bien la condición humana.PALABRAS CLAVERACIONALIDAD-CONDICIÓN HUMANA-ARISTÓTELES-FREUDABSTRACTFistly the classical theory, as put forward by Aristotle, about the human beings as rational animals is analysed. Secondly the description of man as no animal and irrational offered by Martnho da Vila is presented. Thirly the Freudian thseses on the mixture os rational and irrational aspects in humans are considered. Forurthly some recent points of view, by Simon and the current psychology and neurosciencie, about the limitation of human reason and irs relation with emotions are pointed out. Lastly it is argued that neithert Aristotle nor Martinho da Vila decribe well the human nature.KEYWORDSRATIONALITY-HUMAN NATURE-ARISTOTLE-FREUD
Aluminum phthalocyanine nanoparticles activation for local fluorescence spectroscopy in dentistry
Authors: Zolotareva J. O. , Farrakhova D. S. , Kupriyanova E. N. , Loschenov V. B.
Published: October 2018

Early diagnosis of caries and tooth enamel microcracks is of great importance for preventing the destruction of healthy tooth enamel. In

order to detect microcracks in the enamel and pathogenic microflora foci that can cause caries, nanoform of aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) can be used as a marker. In a colloidal solution, the nanoparticles do not fluoresce, unlike their molecular form. To convert the particle into its molecular form, it is necessary to have a solvent or specific environment (bacteria, macrophages, etc.). That is why the hydrophobic nanoparticles of aluminum phthalocyanine (nAlPc) can act as markers for detecting hidden pathogenic microflora during fluorescent diagnostics. Further reduction of the diagnosis time and increase the efficiency can be achieved by using biologically compatible surfactants as additional activators of nAlPc.

In order to carry out local fluorescence spectroscopy of enamel microcracks and pathogenic microflora foci on the enamel surface, a model compound containing surfactants, auxiliary components and nAlPc colloid at a concentration of 10 mg/l was prepared.

Studies on the interaction of the model compound with nAlPc and Protelan MST-35 with tooth enamel ex vivo have shown this surfactant to be a promising auxiliary activator of the nanoparticles, allowing conducting local fluorescence spectroscopy of the tooth enamel surface 3 min after application. In addition, statistical processing of the results showed the effectiveness of using the model compound for local fluorescence spectroscopy of the enamel surface in order to detect the enamel microcracks and the pathogenic microflora accumulation foci that can lead to the development of a cariogenic process.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Penjualan dan Pembelian Berbasis Web Pada Apotek Neofarma Sanggau
Authors: Noviandhiny Puteri , Nasution Helfi , Esyudha Pratama Enda
Published: October 2018

Apotek Neofarma yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Kembayan, Kabupaten Sanggau merupakan apotek yang bergerak dibidang penjualan obat. Sistem yang sedang berjalan di Apotek Neofarma ini menggunakan sistem manual dalam proses pengolahan data terdapat banyak kendala dalam melakukan pengolahan data obat seperti proses pengolahan data mencatat ke dalam pembukuan sehingga sering mengalami masalah seperti pada saat melakukan pembukuan atau pengecekkan data obat yang terlalu lama dan masalah pencatatan stok obat kadaluarsa yang dilakukan petugas stok obat masih kurang terkontrol, hal ini mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam mencari informasi persediaan stok obat dan obat yang mendekati kadaluarsa serta laporan penjualan. Setelah mengetahui permasalahan yang ada maka dirancang sebuah aplikasi penjualan dan pembelian menggunakan metode pengembangan waterfall. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan aplikasi penjualan dan pembelian obat pada apotek berbasis web yang di dalamnya diintegrasikan sistem notifikasi obat yang kadaluarsa atau obat yang sudah habis, melakukan penjualan secara terkomputerisasi, mengetahui laporan pembelian dan penjualan, serta membantu pengelolaan data obat pada Apotek Neofarma. Dari hasil pengujian Black Box menunjukkan 100% dari 6 kelas uji berjalan dengan baik dan pengujian kuesioner penggunaan aplikasi terhadap 5 responden dihitung menggunakan metode mencari interval nilai persentase Likert. Hasil perhitungan pengujian kuesioner pengguna aplikasi adalah 81,5%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kuesioner pengguna aplikasi, maka sistem informasi yang dibangun dapat  diimplementasikan pada Apotek Neofarma Sanggau.
Penerapan Fitur 3D Maps pada Aplikasi Virtual Tour sebagai Media Promosi Wisata Qubu Resort
Authors: Ananraytama Nanda Tamara , Safriadi Novi , Pratiwi Helen Sasty
Published: October 2018

Abstrak— Qubu Resort adalah taman wisata bertempat di Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Tempat wisata ini telah diliput oleh berbagai media, baik media cetak maupun situs berita online. Namun, dari sekian banyak hasil liputan media, sebagian besar ditampilkan dalam bentuk teks dan gambar. Hal ini membatasi pengunjung untuk lebih mengenal lingkungan tempat wisata. Berdasarkan kondisi dan permasalahan yang ada, maka diperlukan pengembangan teknologi, yaitu dengan menggunakan virtual tour dengan fitur 3D maps. Aplikasi dibangun berbasis website. Tujuan dari aplikasi adalah untuk membantu pengunjung dalam memperoleh informasi mengenai tempat wisata di Qubu Resort. Virtual tour yang dimuat menampilkan foto panorama dengan sudut pandang 360° x 180°, sedangkan bangun 3D berfungsi untuk merepresentasikan denah lokasi Qubu Resort. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan aplikasi multimedia MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle) yang terdiri atas 6 tahap, yaitu Concept, Design, Material Collecting, Assembly, Testing, dan Distribution. Pengujian aplikasi terdiri dari beberapa aspek. Pada pengujian aspek compatibility, aplikasi berhasil diakses pada tiga perangkat komputer berbeda dan komponen pada website dapat ditampilkan dengan baik. Pada pengujian aspek usability, aplikasi dinilai sangat positif dengan total persentase 85,1%. Serta pada pengujian aspek portability, yang menunjukan aplikasi lebih baik jika diakses menggunakan browser berbasis desktop.
Photoactivatable Hsp47: A Tool to Control and Regulate Collagen Secretion & Assembly
Authors: Khan Essak , Sankaran Shrikrishnan , Paez Julieta , Muth Christina , Han Mitchell , del Campo Aránzazu
Published: October 2018

Hsp47 is a chaperone protein with a fundamental role in the folding, stability and intracellular transport of procollagen triple helices. A light-responsive Hsp47 recombinant protein, engineered to control in situ the production and assembly of cellular collagen is here demonstrated. This novel light-driven tool enables unprecedented fundamental studies of collagen biosynthesis and associated diseases.
Visible Light-Mediated [2+2] Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of Azetidines via Energy Transfer
Authors: Becker Marc R. , Richardson Alistair D. , Schindler Corinna S.
Published: October 2018

Due to the lack of synthetic methods for their synthesis, azetidines are an underrepresented class of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Herein, we describe the development of a mild, general protocol for the synthesis of azetidines relying on a visible light-mediated [2+2] cycloaddition between oximes and olefins catalyzed by an iridium photocatalyst. This approach is characterized by its operational simplicity, low catalyst loadings and functional group tolerance. Mechanistic investigations suggest that a triplet energy transfer mechanism is operative.
Compressive Sensing Audio Watermarking dengan Metode LWT dan QIM
Authors: SAFITRI IRMA , IBRAHIM NUR , YOGASWARA HERLAMBANG
Published: October 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengembangkan teknik Compressive Sensing (CS) untuk audio watermarking dengan metode Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) dan Quantization Index Modulation (QIM). LWT adalah salah satu teknik mendekomposisi sinyal menjadi 2 sub-band, yaitu sub-band low dan high. QIM adalah suatu metode yang efisien secara komputasi atau perhitungan watermarking dengan menggunakan informasi tambahan. Audio watermarking dilakukan menggunakan file audio dengan format *.wav berdurasi 10 detik dan menggunakan 4 genre musik, yaitu pop, classic, rock, dan metal. Watermark yang disisipkan berupa citra hitam putih dengan format *.bmp yang masing-masing berukuran 32x32 dan 64x64 pixel. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur nilai SNR, ODG, BER, dan PSNR. Audio yang telah disisipkan watermark, diuji ketahanannya dengan diberikan 7 macam serangan berupa LPF, BPF, HPF, MP3 compression, noise, dan echo. Penelitian ini memiliki hasil optimal dengan nilai SNR 85,32 dB, ODG -8,34x10-11, BER 0, dan PSNR ∞.Kata kunci: Audio watermarking, QIM, LWT, Compressive Sensing. ABSTRACTThis research developed Compressive Sensing (CS) technique for audio watermarking using Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) methods. LWT is one technique to decompose the signal into 2 sub-bands, namely sub-band low and high. QIM is a computationally efficient method or watermarking calculation using additional information. Audio watermarking was done using audio files with *.wav format duration of 10 seconds and used 4 genres of music, namely pop, classic, rock, and metal. Watermark was inserted in the form of black and white image with *.bmp format each measuring 32x32 and 64x64 pixels. The test was done by measuring the value of SNR, ODG, BER, and PSNR. Audio that had been inserted watermark was tested its durability with given 7 kinds of attacks such as LPF, BPF, HPF, MP3 Compression, Noise, and Echo. This research had optimal result with SNR value of 85.32 dB, ODG value of -8.34x10-11, BER value of 0, and PSNR value of ∞.Keywords: Audio watermarking, QIM, LWT, Compressive Sensing.
Antimicrobial resistance of major clinical pathogens in South Korea, May 2016 to April 2017: first one-year report from Kor-GLASS
Authors: Lee Hyukmin , Yoon Eun-Jeong , Kim Dokyun , Jeong Seok Hoon , Won Eun Jeong , Shin Jong Hee , Kim Si Hyun , Shin Jeong Hwan , Shin Kyeong Seob , Kim Young Ah , Uh Young , Yang Ji Woo , Kim Il Hwan , Park Chan , Lee Kwang Jun
Published: October 2018

The Korean government established an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system, compatible with the Global AMR Surveillance System (GLASS): Kor-GLASS. We describe results from the first year of operation of the Kor-GLASS from May 2016 to April 2017, comprising all non-duplicated clinical isolates of major pathogens from blood, urine, faeces and urethral and cervical swabs from six sentinel hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were carried out by disk diffusion, Etest, broth microdilution and agar dilution methods. Among 67,803 blood cultures, 3,523 target pathogens were recovered. The predominant bacterial species were Escherichia coli (n = 1,536), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 597) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 584). From 57,477 urine cultures, 6,394 E. coli and 1,097 K. pneumoniae were recovered. Bloodstream infections in inpatients per 10,000 patient-days (10TPD) were highest for cefotaxime-resistant E. coli with 2.1, followed by 1.6 for meticillin-resistant Sta. aureus, 1.1 for imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, 0.8 for cefotaxime-resistant K. pneumoniae and 0.4 for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Urinary tract infections in inpatients were 7.7 and 2.1 per 10TPD for cefotaxime-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Kor-GLASS generated well-curated surveillance data devoid of collection bias or isolate duplication. A bacterial bank and a database for the collections are under development.
PENGARUH METODE PRAKTIKUM BERBANTUAN FLASH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON DI KELAS XI IPA SMA MUHAMMADIYAH PONTIANAK
Authors: Salmauwati Salmauwati , Wibowo Muhamad Agus , Kurniasih Dedeh
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThis study was initiated by the students’ low learning outcomes on Chemistry subject and the teachers’ preference in using lecture method in teaching learning process.This study aimed at 1) finding out the differences of students’ learning outcomes between the use of flash media-assisted practical method and lecture method on hydrocarbon class at grade XI MIA of SMA Muhammadiyah I Pontianak. Using quasi experimental design and Control Group Posttes Design, this study employed the students of grade XI MIA 2 as the samples of experiment group, andthe students of grade XI MIA 2 as the samples of control group. The data collection techniques used were measurement and observation. While the instruments employed were observation sheet and essay. TheU-Mann Whitneytest revealed that the post test score of 0,0140< 0,05 Ho was rejected, while the Ha one was accepted. It means that there was correlation of students’ learning outcomes between the experiment and the control groups. In addition, the effect size result was 1,086 > 0,8 and considered high which indicated the positive effect of flash media-assisted practical method in enhancing students’ learning achievement.Keywords: flash, learning outcomes, hydrocarbon, practical method
UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUAS-BUAS (PREMNA SERRATIFOLIA LINN) SEBAGAI ANTI KOLESTEROL SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Hadiarti Dini
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPremna Serratifolia Linn is believed to reduce cholesterol and as an alternative herbal medicine solution among the cost of medicine and the side effects caused by synthetic drugs. This study was conducted in several phases by using Premna Serratifolia Linn which was drained, mashed, and macerated using ethanol, choloform, and n-heksane. Extract obtained from evaporation, then whighed, and stored in a desiccators. Anti-cholesterol activity was tested test by using in vitro : began with determination of the maximum wavelength of the cholesterol standard solution with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and continued by manufacturing the standard curve with the cholesterol concentration of 0.5; 0.75; 1; 1.25; and 1.5 mL and 1000 ppm cholesterol solution. Furthermore, maximum absorbance wavelength was measured in order to obtain the maximum wavelength of the cholesterol. The study reveled that the solvent extraction of ethanol produced the largest  rendement. The extract Premna Serratifolia Linn is functioned as an anti-cholesterol. In addition,  the absorbed reduction of 100 ppm cholesterol standard solution found in the addition of 0.5 mL choloform extract.Keywords: Anti-cholesterol, Premna Serratifolia Linn, In Vitro
DESALINASI AIR ASIN MENGGUNAKAN MEMBRAN SELULOSA BAKTERI AKRILAMIDA-ASETAT
Authors: Fadhilah Raudhatul
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTClean water crisis that still happening in some parts of the world led to the development of water processing techniques continue to be made. One source of water comes from the oceans which have a high salt density. Water processing techniques that developing rapidly in the processing of salty water is membranes desalination. In this study, the cellulose membrane of acrylamide bacteria was synthesized using the basic ingredients of a banana peel. Escalation of membrane selectivity in absorbing salts and minimizing blockage (fouling) was performed by doping acetic acid into the cellulose membrane of acrylamide bacteria. Measurement by using spectrophotometry UV-Vis technique (λ = 490 nm) on a standard series of NaCl concentration of 0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 2000 ppm obtained line equation y = 0.0002x + 0.0986 R ² = 0.8286. The results showed that the rejection coefficient (R) of bacterial cellulose which is doped with acetic acid was higher (R = 62.15%) than the cellulose acrylamide bacteria without acetic acid (R = 44.65%). Thus, the cellulose membrane of acrylamide bacteria which is doped with acetic acid is more selective thanthe cellulose membrane of acrylamide bacteria without doped with acetic acid. The addition of acetic acid causes the membrane pore tighter, therefore the membrane's ability to absorb the salt also increases.Keywords: acrylamide, saltwater, fouling, membrane, acetate bacterial cellulose
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PSIKOMOTORIK DALAM PRAKTIKUM BIOKIMIA PERCOBAAN LIPID PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN KIMIA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PONTIANAK
Authors: Atrisman Atrisman , Hadiarti Hairida , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to describe the students’ psychomotor skills in Biochemistry Lab of Lipid Determination of Saponification Number in even semester in Academic Year 2014/2014. Using descriptive method, this study employed the entire students who took Biochemistry Lab course. The instruments used were observation and psychomotor-based interview. The study revealed that the students’ average score of each psychomotor aspect was 85.2%, the practical tool usage aspect was 83.93%, the practical tools stringing aspect was 92.56%, the experimental treatment observation aspect was 86.36%, and the phasic experimental performance aspect was 86.36%. As a result, it can be concluded that that the students of Chemistry Education have excellent psychomotor skills with the overall average score of psychomotor aspect of 86.27%.Keywords: descriptive, psychomotor skills, Biochemistry experimental
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD TERHADAP DAYA INGAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROLISIS GARAM KELAS XI IPA SMA KEMALA BHAYANGKARI 1 SUNGAI RAYA
Authors: Sahara Sahara , Kurniasih Dedeh , Kurniawan Rizmahardian Azhari
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT The process of learning chemistry which only focused on teacher as informant caused the students’ memory lower. This could make the students’ learning outcomes lower, thus, it was needed STAD type of Cooperative Learning Method which had the process of interaction between student and teacher, and could help the students comprehend the material. Therefore, it was necessary to make a research which had the purpose to know the difference between students’ learning outcomes and memory which used STAD type ofCooperative Learning Method and lectures teaching method as well as how large the effect of STAD type of Cooperative Learning Method on salt hydrolysis material was. This research was Quasi Experimental Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample of the research was choosen by using saturated sampling which XI IPA 1 as experimental class and XI IPA 2 as control class. The techniques of data collection used measurement technique, observation, and interview while the tools of data collection used tests such as essayquestion, observation sheet, and interview guide. The statistical analysis of posttest result using U-man whitney test obtained significant value 0.000. This value was smaller than α (0.005) which meant that there was difference in learning outcome between experimental and control class. The statistical analysis result of U-man whitney delayed test obtained significant value 0.006, this value was smaller than α (0.005) which meant that there was difference between students’ memory in experimental and control class. The calculation of effect size showed value 1.64 with high criteria which gave high effect on students’ learning outcomes which was 44.95%, while the calculation of students’ memory effect size showed value 0.69 with moderate criteria which gave effect on students’ memory which was 26,42%. Keywords : Memory, Learning Outcomes, Salt Hydrolysis, STAD type of Cooperative Learning Method
PENGARUH MEDIA PETA KONSEP DALAM MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN DAYA INGAT SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROLISIS GARAM KELAS XI MIPA SMA NEGERI 7 PONTIANAK
Authors: Zakiyatun Chairunisa , Cawang Cawang , Kurniawan Rizmahardian Azhari
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe learning process centered on teachers thus leading students cannot think by themselves and build own knowledge so that students easily forget any lesson taught that resulted in poor study results. The learning process and environment which involves students participate actively is required. Therefore, this study examined the differences in the results of learning and memory of students taught with and without media concept maps in cooperative learning model NHT on the material salt hydrolysis. This study included a quasi-experimental design with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in the study were all students of Mathematics XI consist of four classes with the number of students to 160 people. Samples were taken using purposive sampling with class XI MIPA1 as an experimental class and class XI MIPA2 as controls. Collecting data using measurement techniques, direct observation, and direct communication, while the data collection tool is a test description, the observation sheet and interview guidelines. Based on test data analysis using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U showed there were differences in the results of student learning and memory. Effect size obtained for the results of student learning and memory was 0.44 and 0.85 including in the criteria for medium and high, which affact to 17.00% towards learning outcomes of students and 30.23% of the students' memory.Keywords: memory, learning outcomes, salt hydrolysis, media concept maps, cooperative learning model NHT
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA BERBASIS MULTIPEL REPRESENTASI PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI KELAS X SMAN 01 RASAU JAYA
Authors: Assma Siti , Fadhilah Raudhatul , Hadiarti Dini
Published: October 2018

Students’ understanding towards learning materials is generally influenced by the learning sources used. Lack of analytical skills and reasoning of the material taught especially stoichiometric material leads to a lack of interest in students' learning, students do not have a handbook but while learning takes place students use an inadequate number of textbooks in addition to covering only one or two representations. This study aimed to develop a learning module of multiple representation-based Stoichimetry concept. This study was a R &D method which adopting development of Brog & Gall. Sampling used purposive sampling. Subject in this research were students of class X IPA 2 as many as 9 students at initial field trials and 30 students of X IPA 1 at main field trials. Data collecting technique used were questionnaire and test. The data was analyzed by using Likert scale. The study revealed that the material validity by the material expert was 91,5%, and the validity by the media expert was 92,5%. The responses from the questionnaire on the practicality of the module were 88,17% and 86,89%. The effectiveness of the module could be seen from the students’ learning mastery value by 80,4%. In conclusion, the module that has been developed is considered feasible, practical, and effective to be used for both teachers and students in teaching learning process.Keywords: Stoichimetry Concept, Learning Module, Multiple Representation, Research and Development
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE ROTATING TRIO EXCNHANGE (RTE) BERBANTUAN MEDIA COUPLE CARD PADA SUB MATERI TATA NAMA SENYAWA HIDROKARBON TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI IPA SMA ADISUCIPTO SUNGAI RAYA
Authors: Rahmi Maghfiratul , Fitriani Fitriani , Kurniasih Dedeh
Published: October 2018

The background of this research is lack of student’s learning to the tenth grade students of SMA Adisucipto Sungai Raya, due to the less of student’s comprehension especially about concept of compound hydrocarbon system. Therefore, it was needed the method of learning to increase the student’s comprehension about appropriate concept with characteristic both of the subject and student. The aim of this research was to know the differences of student’s learning and the increasement of student’s learning by using cooperative learning method type RTE in chapter of compound hydrocarbon system with couple card. The kind of this research was Pre-Experimental one group pre-test and post-test design research with subjects of this research were thirteen students from grade XI IPA of SMA Adisucipto Sungai Raya. The technique and the instrument to collect the data was using student’s learning test, observation, and interview. The result of data analysis showed the mean score of pre-test was 27,21 and the mean score of post-test was 75,86. The statistic result of Wilcoxon showed that the score was 0,01 less than α (0,01 < 0,05) that mean there were the differences of student’s learning and the influence of student’s learning by using cooperative learning method type RTE with couple card. The increasement of student’s learning was known by counting the gain score of 0,66 in medium score categorize. In this case, the cooperative learning method type RTE with couple card can be used in chapter of compound hydrocarbon system to increase the student’s learning.Keywords: Couple Card, Rotating Trio Exchange (RTE), Compound Hydrocarbon System
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA SUB MATERI TATA NAMA SENYAWA HIDROKARBON TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI MIA SMA NEGERI 1 PEMANGKAT
Authors: Zulkardi Wawan
Published: October 2018

The Minimum Exhaustiveness Criteria (KKM) of eleventh grade students of  SMA Negeri 1 Pemangkat on chemistry subject was still under 75, especially on the material about  hydrocarbon  compounds  and  petroleum  with  a  percentage  of  70.53.  Thus,  by using  an  appropriate  learning  models  could  improve  students’  achievement.  The purpose of this research was to know whether there was a difference and the influence of the  PBL learning model against student  learning  outcomes.  This  was  a  Quasi Experimental  Research  with  Non-equivalent  Control  Group  Design.  Sample  selected by using purposive sampling, they were XI MIA-3 students as the class experiment and XI  MIA-2  as  class  control.  The  techniques  of  data  collection  were  measurement, observation, and direct communication technique. The tools of data collection were test results learning, observation sheets, and interview guidelines. Based on data analysis using  non-parametric  test  of  U-Mann  Whitney  showed  that  there  was  differences  of learning  result,  that  was  0,000  <0,05.  This  showed  that  students'  learning  outcomes was  different  between  different  experimental  class  with  control  class.  The  effect  size obtained by the student learning result was 1.19 which is included in the high criterion. Keywords:  Learning  outcomes, Problem  Based  Learning (PBL),  hydrocarbon compounds
UJI ORGANOLEPTIK YOGURT NANAS BERBAGAI STARTER KOMERSIAL (ORGANOLEPTIC TEST OF PINNEAPLE YOGHURT WITH VARIOUS COMMERCIAL STARTER)
Authors: Rahayu Hanum Mukti
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kesukaan masyarakat terhadap yogurt nanas denganpenambahan berbagai starter komersil. Sebanyak sepuluh starter yogurt komersil digunakan dalampembuatan yogurt nanas. Pengujian pH menggunakan indikator universal dan tingkat kesukaan masyarakatdiukur menggunakan angket uji organoleptik yang diberikan kepada 32 orang panelis. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat variasi pH pada sepuluh sampel yogurt nanas yaitu pH 4 dan 5. Hasiluji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa warna yogurt yang paling disenangi adalah yogurt nanas denganstarter Bio Kul dan Calpico. Sedangkan rasa, aroma dan kekentalan yogurt yang paling disukai yaitu yogurtnanas dengan menggunakan starter Yag Go. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa starter Yag Goberpotensi untuk digunakan dalam proses pembuatan yogurt nanas yang akan disenangi oleh masyarakat.  Kata kunci: Yogurt, Nanas, Uji Organoleptik
PENDIDIK SEBAYA SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BAHAYA MEROKOK PADA REMAJA DI PONTIANAK
Authors: Ridha Abduh
Published: October 2018

High smoking prevalence in Pontianak, especially youngsters, was majorly affected by lack of knowledge. Therefore, this community services activity was aimed to improve knowledges and attitudes of peer educators about smoking hazard and strengthen the role of peer educators to increase knowledge and attitude of their groups. One group pretest-posttest was used to evaluate the success of community service activities. The analysis was conducted using T test to look at the relationship of each independent variable on the dependent variable. Results showed there were increased knowledge and attitudes peer educator after training. There were also an increased knowledge and attitudes of studeents after the peer group mentoring. There are differences in knowledge and attitudes among the peer group and the control group. Selection of a facilitator with the appropriate background, as well as the preparation of training materials and tools that support the training process. Key words: adoloscene, peer educators, peer group, knowledge, attitude
UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK AKAR TUBA (Derris elliptica Benth) TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BENIH IKAN PATIN (pangasius pangasius )
Authors: E Sofiyana , . Rachimi , Raharjo E I
Published: October 2018

Akar tanaman Tuba (Derris elliptica) mengandung 0,3 – 12 % rotenon sejenis racun kuat untuk ikan dan serangga (insektisida). Toksisitas ini lebih tinggi pada ikan dan serangga karena lipofilik rotenon mudah diambil melalui insang atau trakea. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai ambang batas ekstrak akar tuba terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan patin. Menentukan kosentrasi ekstrak akar tuba yang berpengaruh buruk terhadap kehidupan ikan dan kerusakan insang dan hati.Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan januari 2013 di Laboratorium Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Muhammadiyah Pontianak. Rancangan percobaan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah konsentrasi ekstrak akar tuba yang berbeda pada tiap perlakuan, dengan konsentrasi sebagai berikut :  A 1,3 mg/L, B 1,4 mg/L, C 1,5 mg/L, D 1,6 mg/L, E 1,7 mg/L, F 1,8 mg/L,  G  0 mg/L sebagai kontrol. Benih ikan patin dengan ukuran 8-12, diujikan pada media air tawar sebanyak 40 liter dengan kepadatan 10 ekor, bahan uji berupa ekstrak akar tuba sesuai konsentrasi perlakuan. Tahap penelitian ini terdiri dari uji pendahuluan dan uji toksisitas sublethal. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Data di analisis secara deskriptif dan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai LC50-96 jam sebesar   1,6 mg/l Kata kunci : Toksisitas, Ekstrak akar tuba, Ikan patin, Kelangsungan hidup