bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representación institucional y negociación ritual en la Barcelona de los Austrias: las exequias de Felipe II
Authors: Chamorro Esteban Alfredo
Published: January 2021

Las exequias de Felipe II en Barcelona motivaron una serie de negociaciones entre las diversas nstituciones que debían participar en ellas para establecer la disposición de la ceremonia y el lugar que debía ocupar cada una de ellas. Las dificultades que se plantearon reflejaron la problemática de la representación del poder en el entramado político e institucional de la ciudad. En el presente artículo se analizan las negociaciones rituales que se sucedieron desde la llegada a la ciudad de la noticia de la muerte del rey hasta la celebración de sus exequias.
Pérez Samper, María Ángeles. Comer y beber. Una historia de la alimentación en España (Madrid, 2019)
Authors: Cuenca Álvarez Raúl
Published: January 2021

Reseña del libro:Pérez Samper, María Ángeles (2019).Comer y beber. Una historia de la alimentación en España.Madrid: Cátedra.
Llista de revisors de l'any 2018
Authors: Fernández Terricabras Ignasi
Published: January 2021

Llista de revisors dels articles enviats a la revista durant l'any 2018, tant dels que han estat publicats com dels rebutjats.
A Review of Ciclesonide in the Management of COVID-19. Still a Long Way to Go
Authors: Deokar Kunal , Agarwal Mehul , Dutt Naveen , Chauhan Nishant , Niwas Ram , Shadrach Benhur , Chawla Gopal
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 has spread throughout the world infecting 8,018,963 people and claiming 436,138 lives to date [...]
Increasing the socio-cultural influence of immovable cultural heritage on local communities – the case of historic residential buildings in Wielkopolska used as hotels
Authors: Niemczewska Zdzisława Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

The article presents results of a study of how immovable cultural heritage used for commercial purposes of tourism affects local communities. The study is based on data collected in direct interviews with property owners and representatives of local authorities and a questionnaire survey of local residents concerning sixteen historic buildings used as hotels, which are located in rural areas of Wielkopolskie province. It was found that the provision of additional, free cultural functions for local communities by property owners and/or local authorities exerts a greater socio-cultural impact and contributes to local, sustainable development. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that when historic buildings of this kind are used for commercial purposes it is important to ensure that they are part of the cultural experience not only for hotel guests but also for the local community. In this way, entire communities can appreciate their local cultural heritage (socio-cultural impact), which in turn strengthens cultural sustainability.
The impact of COVID-19 on foreign travel plans of Polish tourists in 2020
Authors: Korinth Bartosz
Published: January 2021

The aim of this article is to analyse foreign travel plans of Polish tourists in 2020 and how they were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is based on information collected through an online survey involving 355 respondents. The survey was anonymous and consisted of 6 questions. It was found that the outbreak of the pandemic significantly changed foreign travel plans of Poles in the analysed period. Only a third of the respondents said they were planning a tourist or recreational trip abroad. There was much less interest in countries like Turkey, Egypt or Tunisia, in favour of European countries, mainly those located in the Mediterranean area, such as Spain and Italy. The study has also shown that domestic tourism can be expected to increase, as indicated by data collected by the Polish Chamber of Tourism.
O precyzji terminologicznej w kontekście badań diachronicznych (na przykładzie przyimków)
Authors: Janowska Aleksandra
Published: January 2021

Precyzja terminologiczna stanowi jedno z najważniejszych wyróżników nauki, gdyż ściśle wiąże się z precyzją myślenia. W naukach humanistycznych, także w językoznawstwie, wymóg ten jednak często jest omijany. Trudno bowiem w rygorystycznych ramach naukowych umieścić większość zjawisk językowych. W artykule Autorka skupia swoją uwagę na problemie zakreślania granic klasy przyimków (chodzi głównie o przyimki wtórne wzdłuż, wobec, celem, na początku, pod wodzą), klasy bardzo trudnej do opisu ze względu na niejednorodność i dynamizm zjawisk z nią związanych. Jest to bowiem część mowy kształtująca się niejako „na naszych oczach”. Swoje rozważania Autorka rozpoczyna od przeglądu dotychczasowych różnorodnych propozycji definicyjnych: od ujęć w znacznym stopniu zawężających tę klasę leksemów do form „pewnych”, zleksykalizowanych aż do opisów zwracających uwagę na cały szereg zjawisk składniowych, wiążących się z omawianą grupą jednostek, opisów uwzględniających wszelkie zjawiska pograniczne. Interesuje ją, które z tych ujęć jest przydatne w zrozumieniu fenomenu klasy przyimkowej i które powinny (mogą) być brane pod uwagę w analizach historycznych. Autorka poświęca też uwagę kwestii dopasowania terminów stosowanych w językoznawstwie synchronicznym i diachronicznym.

Terminological precision in the context of diachronic research (exemplified by approaches to prepositions).
Summary: Terminological precision constitutes one the most important determinants of scholarship because it is directly associated with precise thinking. However, in the humanities, also in linguistics, this requirement is frequently omitted, for it is hardly possible to capture the majority of linguistic phenomena within a rigid scientific framework. The paper focuses on the problem of defining the boundaries of the class of prepositions (we are concerned mainly with secondary prepositions: wzdłuż, wobec, celem, na początku, pod wodzą), a class whose description is difficult due to the lack of uniformity and the dynamic nature of the phenomena related to the use of prepositions. It is a part of speech which in a way is developing “right before our eyes”. The author presents an overview of the multifarious definitions of prepositions proposed to date. They range from approaches which to a great extent narrow down this class of lexemes to “certain”, lexicalised forms, to descriptions which take into account a whole range of syntactic features related to the analysed lexical units, as well as some borderline phenomena. The author intends to point to the most useful approach to the understanding of the phenomenon of the prepositional class and indicate which approaches should be (or may be) taken into account in historical analyses. The author also addresses the problem of the adjustment of terms used in synchronic and diachronic linguistics. Keywords: secondary preposition, scholarly terminology, diachronic research, parts of speech
On Uralic linguistic terminology: selected problems and examples
Authors: Wojan Katarzyna , Łozowski Przemysław
Published: January 2021

The article discusses selected issues concerning the Uralic terminology, focusing on Polish terms and names. We understand Uralic studies as both a study programme and a scholarly line of research. In Section 2 of the paper, we delimit a general point of reference for the Uralic terminology, whereas Section 3 provides an overview of specific terminological problems related to the labelling of Uralic languages and ethnolects, with special emphasis on the Finno-Ugric group. We conclude that the Polish Uralic terminology lacks a number of relevant Uralic names/labels/terms and champions its own idiosyncratic terminological solutions. Further standardisation and internationalisation of the Uralic terms in Polish are recommended.

Wybrane problemy i przykłady terminologii uralistycznej. Streszczenie: Analizie zostają poddane wybrane problemy terminologiczne w kontekście uralistyki rozumianej zarówno jako kierunek studiów uniwersyteckich, jak i specjalizacja badawcza ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem terminologii polskiej. Po wstępnych poszukiwaniach mniej lub bardziej ogólnych terminów na odniesienia do przedmiotu badań i studiów uralistycznych (część 2) następuje bardziej szczegółowy przegląd nazw języków uralskich, przede wszystkim podgrupy ugrofińskiej (część 3). W obu przypadkach stwierdza się albo brak nazw szeregu języków, pojęć i zjawisk, albo znikomą korelację między terminami w języku polskim i innych językach, a zwłaszcza w fińskim, angielskim i rosyjskim. Postuluje się dalszą standaryzację i internacjonalizację polskiej terminologii uralistycznej. Słowa kluczowe: języki uralskie (ugrofińskie), terminologia językoznawcza, językoznawstwo opisowe a nazewnictwo, badania naukowe a kształcenie filologiczne
Przenoszenie terminów i procedur badawczych pomiędzy językoznawstwem synchronicznym i diachronicznym
Authors: Mika Tomasz
Published: January 2021

Tekst ma charakter metodologiczny. Autor identyfikuje (jego zdaniem wyraźną) tendencję do przenoszenia terminów między językoznawstwem synchronicznym i diachronicznym. Historycy języka badający składnię, leksykę, semantykę, a nawet tekst czy ewolucję gatunków literackich szukają obecnie precyzyjnych narzędzi badawczych. W artykule pokazano, że nawet jeśli nie da się w badaniach diachronicznych użyć synchronicznych narzędzi, to takie próby przynoszą nauce wiele wymiernych korzyści, jak na przykład proponowanie nowych terminów, precyzowanie istniejących czy refleksja nad własną sytuacją badawczą.

Transfer of terms and research procedures between synchronic and diachronic linguistics.
Summary: In this methodology-related paper, the author identifies a clear (in his opinion) tendency to transfer terms between synchronic and diachronic linguistics. Language historians who study syntax, lexis, semantics as well as text and the evolution of literary genres are now searching for precise research tools. The article demonstrates that even if it is not possible to use synchronic tools in diachronic research, such attempts bring measurable benefits to science such as, for example, proposing new terms, clarifying the existing ones, or reflecting on one’s own research situation.
Keywords: synchronic and diachronic linguistics, methodology, terminology
„Po terminologii poznacie ich…”: w poszukiwaniu differentia specifica współczesnego językoznawstwa
Authors: Łozowski Przemysław
Published: January 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę zidentyfikowania pojęcia oraz towarzyszącej mu terminologii, jakie mogłyby służyć za differentia specifica polaryzacji współczesnej sceny językoznawczej. Po krytycznej ocenie terminów system, symbol, funkcjonalizm, konwencjonalizm wskazuje się na terminologię wyrażającą pojęcie ‘kontinuum/ciągłość’ jako potencjalną cechę odróżniającą językoznawstwo strukturalne/generatywne od językoznawstwa funkcjonalnego/kognitywnego. Następnie dokonuje się przeglądu obecności/nieobecności tej terminologii w 11 najnowszych (2015–2019) zeszytach trzech wybranych polskich czasopism językoznawczych.

“By their terminology you shall know them...”: in search of the differentia specifica of modern linguistics. Summary: In the article, an attempt is made to identify the notion and its corresponding terminology that could serve the purposes of the differentia specifica of the ongoing polarisation of modern linguistics. As the terms system, symbol, functionalism, and conventionalism are found inadequate, it is the notion ‘continuum’, and its terminology, that is claimed to possibly tell apart the two ends (structural/generative and functional/ cognitive, respectively) of the linguistic cline. What follows is a report on whether or not, and to what extent, the ‘continuum’ terminology features in the latest 11 issues (2015–2019) of the three selected Polish journals of general linguistics. Keywords: terminology, continuum, continuity, structural linguistics vs. cognitive linguistics
The effect of daily calf stroking frequency during the postnatal period on the establishment of the human-calf relationship
Authors: Wada Satoko , Fukasawa Michiru , Chiba Takashi , Shishido Tetsuro , Tozawa Akitsu , Ogura Shin-ichiro
Published: January 2021

Objective: Stroking calves during the postnatal period could effectively improve humancalf relationships. The objective of this study is to examine how daily calf stroking frequency during the postnatal period affects the establishment of human-calf relationships.Methods: Six calves were stroked by a trainer for 6 minutes once daily for 5 days after birth (D1). Six calves were stroked by a trainer for 3 minutes twice daily for 5 days after birth (D2). A further four calves were stared at but not stroked as the control group. The overall stroking or staring duration was the same for all groups, at 6 min/d and 30 min over 5 days. The tests for reactions to the stationary trainer in an unfamiliar environment and avoidance distance measurements for an approaching trainer were conducted at 1 month and 3 months after the treatment.Results: Calves in both stroking groups approached significantly closer to the stationary trainer, vocalized less, and looked at the trainer shorter than the control group at 1 month. However, at 3 months, there was no significant difference between the D1 and the control group, whereas the D2 approached significantly closer to the trainer and vocalized less, and looked at the trainer for a shorter time than the control group. For the avoidance distance, the trainer could approach closer to both stroking groups than the control at 1 month, however, there was no difference among groups at 3 months.Conclusion: Our results suggested that the difference in the calf stroking procedure affected the established human-calf relationships, even though the total stroking duration was the same for all stroked calves. It is likely to be more effective to stroke more frequently than intensively when the aim is to establish better human-calf relationships within limited labor time.
Effects of cooking conditions on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of dry- and wet-aged beef
Authors: Lee Dongheon , Lee Hyun Jung , Yoon Ji Won , Ryu Minkyung , Jo Cheorun
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of cooking conditions on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of dry- and wet-aged beef strip loins.Methods: Dry- and wet-aged beef aged for 28 days were cooked using different cooking methods (grilling or oven roasting)×cooking temperatures (150°C or 230°C), and their pH, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), volatile compounds, and color were measured.Results: Cooking conditions did not affect pH; however, grilling resulted in lower TBARS but higher cooking doneness at the dry-aged beef surface compared to oven roasting (p< 0.05). In descriptive sensory analysis, the roasted flavor of dry-aged beef was significantly stronger when grill-cooked compared to oven roasting. Dry-aged beef grill-cooked at 150°C presented a higher intensity of cheesy flavor, and that grilled at 230°C showed a greater intensity of roasted flavor compared to wet-aged beef at the same condition, respectively.Conclusion: Grilling may be effective for enhancing the unique flavor in dry-aged beef.
Salivary Gland Radio-Protection, Regeneration and Repair: Innovative Strategies
Authors: S. Haidar Ziyad
Published: January 2021

Saliva has a critical role in the maintenance of oral, dental and general health and well-being. Alteration(s) in the amount/quantity and/or quality of secreted saliva may induce the development of several oro-dental variations, thereby negatively-impacting overall quality of life. Diverse factors may affect the process of saliva production and quantity/quality of secretion, including medications, systemic or local pathologies and/or reversible/irreversible damage. Indeed, chemo- and/or radio-therapy, particularly, in cases of head and neck cancer, for example, are well-documented to induce serious damage and dysfunction to the radio-sensitive salivary gland tissue, resulting in hypo-salivation, xerostomia (dry mouth) as well as numerous other adverse intra−/extra-oral, medical and quality-of-life issues. Although a single governing mechanism of radiation-induced salivary gland tissue damage and dysfunction has not been yet elucidated, the potential for a synergy in radio-protection (mainly, and possible -reparation) via a combinatorial approach of mechanistically distinct strategies, has been suggested and explored over the years. This is, undoubtfully, in parallel to the ongoing efforts in improving the precision, safety and efficacy of radiotherapy protocols/outcomes, as well as in developing new technological and pharmaceutical alternatives, topics covered in this chapter.
Creating Long-Lasting Clinical Connections: A Trainee-Centered, Leadership-Based Perspective on Provider-Patient Relationship
Authors: Janowski Mariah , Dahlgren Olivia , Taylor Kori-Ann , Kaza Isha , Alam Ambreen , J. Papadimos Thomas , Ng Pellegrino Anna , P. Stawicki Stanislaw
Published: January 2021

The nature of provider-patient relationship (PPR) goes far beyond the simplified paradigm of “chief complaints,” “clinical problems” and corresponding “therapeutic solutions.” In order to more comprehensively explore the scope of PPR in the context of leadership-based partnership (LBP), various factors and their contributions were researched in terms of both the success and optimization of health-care interactions. This is especially relevant to graduate medical education (GME) and advanced practice (AP) training programs. There are numerous nuances to PPR, including various communication, behavioral, ethical and leadership considerations. Body language and tone of voice are essential in establishing rapport, beginning with the so-called ‘first impression,’ which serves as a foundation for developing the PPR. Health-care providers (HCPs) with greater ability to empathize with their patients may achieve higher levels of treatment adherence, better clinical outcomes, and ultimately increased patient satisfaction. The inclusion of a patient as a co-leader and an essential member of their health-care team (HCT) should be a natural step and a top priority for GME and AP trainees. Such collaboration requires an open-minded approach by all stakeholders. Finally, recognizing patient well-being in all domains, including physical, emotional and spiritual, is critical to the holistic approach toward maximizing the benefits of an optimal PPR. Same can be said about the HCP. In this chapter, we will explore key aspects of PPR in the context of both the trainee and the patient being co-leaders within the bounds of the LBP framework.
Afforestation in Karst Area
Authors: Zhu Ninghua , Shang Hai , Liu Liling , Yang Xiaowei , Liu Fei , Chen Shuangshuang
Published: January 2021

In order to study the afforestation technology in rocky desertification area and provide guidance for the cultivation and management of artificial forest in the later stage, an experimental study was carried out on the artificial forest in National long term scientific research base for comprehensive control of rocky desertification in Wuling Mountain, Western Hunan Province. The experiences of afforestation, land preparation and forest management in this area were summarized. The result show that: 1. Through appropriate afforestation land preparation and forest management measures, the forest in rocky desertification area can be successfully restored. 2. Vegetation restoration in rocky desertification area has formed relatively healthy and stable multi tree species and multi-level forest communities. 3. The biological yield of each afforestation tree species was significantly different with different tree species. 4. The diversity index and evenness index of undergrowth plants in different stands were significantly different. 5. Young trees of dominant species dominated the undergrowth vegetation of different stands, and the natural regeneration of each stand has been stabilized. 6. There are some differences in soil chemical properties under different stands. There were significant differences in SOM, TN, NO3-N, NH4-N and AP contents in the soil of the eight stands.
Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Horkovicova Kristina , Furdova Alena
Published: January 2021

Currently, melanoma of uvea is the most well-known essential tumor, which is intaocular and malignant. Treatment using radiation has now supplanted enucleation as the therapy of decision. Radioactive eye plaques and treatment using proton are being the two most examined radiotherapeutic modalities. All the more as of late, stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy have risen as promising, non-intrusive medicines for uveal melanoma. Technique called stereotactic radiosurgery might be viewed as like “not surgery” on the grounds no extractions are included. All things being equal, it is a serious strategy for radiation treatment that conveys high dosages of radiation to exceptionally little territories and volumes.
Alignment between the Strategic Plans of Island Regions and the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development
Authors: Mendes Deolésio , José Ana , Mourato Joaquim
Published: January 2021

The climate of increasing competitiveness between cities, leads to an urgent need for territorial actors to find solutions, so that cities become a more attractive space for different targets. Although cities are considered centers of innovation and social and economic development, their unplanned and unsustainable growth has resulted in harmful consequences for the environment, community, tourism, among others. This research aims to make a comparative analysis between the Strategic Plan for Sustainable Development of Cape Verde, the National Development Plan of São Tomé and Príncipe and the Proposal for the Sustainable Development Plan of the Autonomous Region of Príncipe, considering the theoretical contributions and the guidelines of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It concludes about the similarities and differences between the plans, both in terms of the depth of the elements analyzed, as well as in alignment with the Agenda 2030.
The Physical Chemistry of Steel Deoxidation and Nozzle Clogging in Continuous Casting
Authors: González Solórzano María-Guadalupe , Morales-Dávila Rodolfo , Rodríguez Ávila Jafeth , Rodrigo Muñiz-Valdés Carlos , Nájera Bastida Alfonso
Published: January 2021

Nozzle clogging in continuous casting of steel originates by the adherence of alumina particles and other oxides, precipitated during the liquid steel deoxidation, on the refractory material’s surface. Hence, these particles’ nucleation and growth rates in supersaturated melts are analyzed considering, specifically, the role of the interfacial tensions between alumina, silica, and other oxides and the liquid metal. Weak steel deoxidizers like silicon do not need high supersaturations favoring high nucleation rates, giving particles’ narrow size distributions thanks to fast diffusion and Ostwald-ripening coagulation. Strong deoxidizers, like aluminum, need high supersaturation levels leading to broad size distributions. Besides, the morphology of these particles depends on the nucleation and growth mechanisms. The adhesion forces among the deoxidation particles, forming clusters, depending on the morphology and the oxide’s chemistry. The stability of the nozzle’s clog, adhered to the nozzle’s wall, depends on the interface tensions between the melt and the nozzle’s refractory surface and between the melt and the inclusion. The results obtained here help set up basic recommendations in steel refining and materials specifications of casting nozzles.
Reproductive Toxicity of Arsenic: What We Know and What We Need to Know?
Authors: Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz , Bilal Bin Majeed Muhammad , Jabbar Abdul , Arif Ruqia , Afzal Gulnaz
Published: January 2021

In the most recent the environmental provident and threatening conduct of arsenic has increased the consideration of the world due to its pollution and hazardous effects throughout the world. Arsenic contamination is serious issue throughout the world and is substantial risk factor in most of countries including China, U.S.A, India, Bangladesh, Mexico and Argentina. Several experimental models have been established to understand the diseases caused by arsenic exposure. However reproductive and developmental toxicity have been poorly understood. The objectives of this study are to discuss current landscapes and future horizons of arsenic toxicity in human and animals in relation to various toxicity routes including oral route involving food and water or through inhalation of agricultural pesticides. Addition of current evidence on the development of destiny and actions of arsenic toxicity in human and animal population and other species will lessen the uncertainties in the hazard assessment for arsenic. This effort would help to protect the public health against the toxic and carcinogenic effects associated with arsenic exposure.
Dopamine: The Amazing Molecule
Authors: Ece Genç Mehveş , Nur Özdamar Emine
Published: January 2021

Dopamine (DA) is a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases of motor functions and psychiatric conditions. Dopamine is also the key modulator for motivational behavior and brain reward system and regulates food intake as well. It has some neuroendocrine function too. It is noteworthy that dopamine has so many diverse roles in the CNS. DA has various pathways such as the Nigrostriatal pathway, Mesolimbic pathway, Mesocortical pathway and Tuberohypophyseal pathway. It has D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 metabotropic receptors and interacts with cholinergic, GABAergic, opioidergic and glutamatergic systems. DA also activates diverse second messengers and pathways. These complicated interactions partly explain its diverse actions. The aim of the present chapter is to summarize data on the contribution of DA in the pathogenesis of many conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, Schizophrenia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and addiction.
Climate Change and Citrus
Authors: Shafqat Waqar , A. Naqvi Summar , Maqbool Rizwana , Salman Haider Muhammad , Jafar Jaskani Muhammad , A. Khan Iqrar
Published: January 2021

Climate change is the change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns that lasts for an extended period. Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes and affect in many ways. Citrus fruits are one of the largest fruit crops in the world. Yield loss at a drastic level due to abiotic stress annually in which temperature and water stress are the main environmental factors. These factors cause biochemical, anatomical, physiological, and genetic changes in plant structure and lead to defective growth, development, and reproduction, which ultimately cause a reduction in the economic yield of the crop. An increase in temperature and water stress at critical phenological stages of citrus results in reduced tree fruit set, decrease in fruit growth and size, increase in fruit acidity, low tree yield, reduced fruit peel thickness, and pre-harvest fruit drop. Stomatal conductance and net carbon dioxide assimilation in citrus leaves can be reduced by super optimal leaf temperature. Water deficit reduces the transpiration rate, stomatal conductance by stomatal closure associated with ABA content and causes an abrupt decrease in photosynthesis and CO2 assimilation in citrus which reduce trees overall growth and production. Interventions in agronomic practices, breeding strategies, and biotechnological approaches can mitigate climate change effects on citrus. The groundwork against climate change is compulsory for better global livelihood and food security.
Cardiomyopathy: Getting Bigger All the Time - Lessons Learned about Heart Disease from Tropomyosin
Authors: F. Wieczorek David
Published: January 2021

In 1990, John and Christine Seidman uncovered the genetic association between mutations in sarcomeric contractile proteins and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Since then, the increase in knowledge and understanding of this disease has increased exponentially. Although pathologies associated with the various cardiomyopathies are vastly different, in some cases, the same proteins are causative, but with different genetic mutations. The focus of this article will be on hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, which are often caused by mutations in sarcomeric contractile proteins. Tropomyosin, a thin filament protein, serves as a paradigm to illustrate how different mutations within the same protein can generate the hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathic condition. As such, the significant advances in information derived from basic science investigations has led to the development of novel therapeutics in the treatment of these pathological diseases. This article will illustrate linkages which occur to bridge scientific advances to clinical treatments in cardiomyopathic patients.
Why Are We Missing the Teeth? Addressing Oral Care Neglect in the Palliative Patient
Authors: M. Soileau Kristi
Published: January 2021

Palliative care is meant to comfort and console the mind, body, and spirit of the individual nearing the end of life to improve the quality of one’s existence. It focuses on those with symptoms and stressors secondary to serious illnesses such as in cancer, pneumonia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, hypertension, diabetes, and microbial diseases. For several reasons, however, oral care and the consequences thereof in most cases go without notice for these patients. Further, the dentist is rarely, if ever, listed as necessary staff in hospice care programs. Because terminal patients’ symptoms can include depression, pain, anxiety, loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue, among other issues, all related to speaking, chewing, and deglutition, this chapter will discuss why care of the mouth and dentition is typically lacking both in at-home and institutional environments, why such care is necessary, and best to meet the oral needs of patients in the later stages of life.
Application of Modified Flower Petal in Side Branch of Acute Myocardial Infarction Patient: REVERSE Modified Flower Petal
Authors: Haybar Habib , Deris Zayeri Zeinab
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Concerning the poor clinical outcomes in cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with bifurcation lesions undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we described a successful application of modified flower petal technique and called it the REVERSE modified flower petal technique in a patient with AMI. Case Presentation: A 56-years-old man who suffered from chest pain was admitted to the emergency ward. After clinical examination, the primary diagnosis was acute anterolateral MI. Therefore, PCI on left anterior dimension (LAD) and diagonal arteries using modified flower petal stenting was performed in the side branch, which we called it REVERSE modified flower petal. Conclusions: Modified flower petal stenting was performed by the REVERSE mechanism as described in the report of the new intervention (2.5 × 18). The follow-up after 24 months by the exercise stress test using the Bruce protocol supported the success of the intervention.
The Effect of Physical Activity Level and Body Adiposity on Fatty Infiltration of the Lumbar Multifidus in Apparently Healthy Individuals From an Urban African Setting
Authors: Sani Musbahu Mahmud , Dambele Musa Yusuf , Raheem Sarafadeen , Akindele Mukadas O.
Published: January 2021

Background: Spine stability or core stability exercises are among the most recommended interventions in low back pain management. It is important to clarify whether physical activity and body adiposity affect lumbar muscle multifidus (LMM) among apparently healthy adults. Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the effect of physical activity level (PAL) and body adiposity on fatty infiltration of LMM in apparently healthy individuals from an urban African setting. Methods: Fatty infiltration of LMM was visually graded as normal, slight, and severe using diagnostic ultrasound. Validated Hausa and English versions of IPAQ were employed to analyze PAL, and the bioelectrical impedance analysis machine was used to measure some of the body adiposity parameters and weight. Results: A slight fatty infiltration of LMM was observed in 40.3% of 196 participants. Slight fatty infiltration of LMM had a higher prevalence in female subjects (39.2%) than males (34.2%). Only two variables of age (P = 0.032; r = 0.153) and visceral fat (P = 0.0001; r = 0.308) had a relationship with fatty infiltration of LMM. Conclusions: Fatty infiltration of LMM was positively associated with visceral fat and weakly with age among the participants. However, fatty infiltration of LMM had no relationship with the PAL.
Dati storici e aspetti romanzeschi nelle prime due Visioni del Pastore di Erma. Una riconsiderazione del problema alla luce di nuove scoperte testuali
Authors: Castelli Emanuele ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

The aim of the paper is to reconsider the content of first two Visions of the Shepherd of Hermas and to decode some ficticious elements offered by the author at the beginning of his work. The study takes into consideration some recent textual discoveries concerning the first sentence of the Shepherd.
Hilaire de Poitiers, Commentaire sur Matthieu 33, 5 : plaidoyer pour le texte de la famille α
Authors: Guignard Christophe ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

Three major reshuffles delineate two families (α and β) within the manuscript tradition of the Commentary on Matthew by Hilary of Poitiers. In the first two cases (3, 2; 9, 7-9), J. Doignon in his critical edition (SCh 254 and 258) favored the text of the α family, judging that the β family generally attests to numerous revisions intended to suppress difficult lectiones. In the third case, on the other hand, he adopted the short text of the β family, thus demoting two short passages in 33, 5 specific to the α family. This article shows that on the one hand the language of these passages is attributable to Hilary and on the other their content fits perfectly with his exegesis. It thus argues for their authenticity.
Flauia Amala Amalafrida Theodenanda e un elogio funebre della famiglia reale ostrogota (ICUR I, 2794)
Authors: Ronzani Rocco ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2021

The note reinterprets an important epigraphic testimony of the Ostrogoth age (ICUR I, 2794), published for the first time by Giovanni Battista de Rossi in 1894. It is a polymetric funeral eulogy commissioned among the Amali royal family, perhaps dedicated by Flavia Amala Amalafrida Theodenanda to one or more relatives, unless one wishes to identify her with one of the dedicatees of the eulogy. After a presentation of supportive material and a new edition of the text, the history of the discovery of the inscription is retraced, involving leading figures of the 19th century political and ecclesiastical culture including cardinal Vincenzo Vannutelli and H. Stevenson Jr., a pupil of de Rossi. The contribution dates the artifact between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the 6th; it studies the hypothesis of identifying Amalafrida with one of the princesses in the family circle of King Theodoric and with the Ostrogothic wife of Flavius Maximus; it illustrates a hypothesis of the intended use of the epigraph for a funeral monument in the cemetery area of the Martyrial Basilica of S. Secondino on the Praenestina.
The Traces Left Behind
Authors: Da Silva Michael ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: January 2021

Fulfilling one’s all-things-considered duty sometimes requires violating pro tanto duties. According to W. D. Ross and Robert Nozick, the pro tanto-duty-violating, wrong-making features of acts in these cases can leave ‘traces’ of wrongfulness that require specific responses: feeling compunction for the wrongfulness and/or providing compensation to the negatively affected person. Failure to respond in the appropriate way to lingering wrong-making features can itself be wrongful. Unfortunately, criteria for determining when traces remain are largely lacking. In this piece, I argue for three necessary conditions for the existence of a trace: ‘The Non-Consequentialist Duty Condition,’ ‘The Identity Condition,’ and ‘The Ratio Condition.’
ANÁLISE DA COMPREESSÃO DOS LEGISLADORES MUNICIPAIS SOBRE A LEI DE RESPONSABILIDADE FISCAL
Authors: Matias Elivelton Soares , Dos Santos Josaias Santana , Cavalcante Junior Florisvaldo Cunha , Cavalcante Paulo Rocha
Published: January 2021

O artigo teve como objetivo fazer uma análise sobre a compreensão dos Vereadores dos municípios da RIDE – Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento Econômico do pólo Petrolina-PE e Juazeiro-BA a respeito da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. Quanto aos objetivos, se classifica como descritiva, exploratória e qualitativa, com abordagem documental e o procedimento técnico adotado foi a aplicação de questionários nos municípios que fazem parte da RIDE. Como resultado, constatou-se que mais de 50% dos vereadores se capacitaram sobre o tema e uma parte significativa apresentou baixo conhecimento sobre as determinações da LRF, faltando, assim, um maior investimento em qualificações, no que diz respeito a aplicabilidade da Lei. Os resultados do estudo, denotam que, os vereadores possuem conhecimento razoável da LRF, mas reconhecem que existe a necessidade da administração das câmaras municipais incentivar os vereadores, oferecendo-os cursos a respeito da referida Lei, atuando, assim, de maneira correta na legislatura.
A ATUAÇÃO DA OUVIDORIA DO TRIBUNAL REGIONAL ELEITORAL DE SÃO PAULO NO CONTROLE DAS DEMANDAS ENVOLVENDO QUESTÕES RELATIVAS À FALTA DE URBANIDADE
Authors: Laporta Luciana Rocha , Rufino Regina , Nascimento José Orcélio do , Zittei Marcus Vinicius Moreira
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o resultado da atuação conjunta da Ouvidoria e da Secretaria de Gestão de Pessoas do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral de São Paulo. Desde a instituição da Ouvidoria do TRE-SP no ano de 2011, registra-se a incidência de demandas repetitivas relacionadas à falta de urbanidade, necessidade que norteou o desenvolvimento de uma ação de capacitação específica, visando aprimorar a conduta dos servidores com foco na qualidade do atendimento ao público. Para analisar a efetividade dessa ação, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, através do método documental e estudo de caso, comparando-se dados referentes ao número de reclamações recepcionadas no período que antecedeu o fechamento do cadastro de eleitores nas eleições de 2014, 2016 e 2018, com o número de atendimentos no mesmo período. Considerando-se o crescente aumento da procura pelos serviços da Justiça Eleitoral, em decorrência da expansão do cadastramento biométrico de todo o eleitorado paulista, infere-se que o treinamento aplicado contribuiu para a manutenção da baixa incidência das demandas relativas à falta de urbanidade.
Openness of the economy as a determinant of economic growth: The panel analysis of the Western Balkans region countries
Authors: Bugarčić Filip , Veselinović Petar
Published: January 2021

The openness of the economy and its intensive involvement in international trade and economic flows has an important role in stimulating economic growth and development of a national economy. The aim of the research is to determine the degree of impact and effects of exports, imports and foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth. The applied research methodology is a panel regression analysis on the example of six countries in the Western Balkans region in the period from 2000 to 2018. Three hypotheses were tested in this paper. H1: Exports have a positive effect on economic growth; H2: Imports contribute to GDP growth; H3: FDI has a positive impact on economic growth. The results show that all three variables have a positive, statistically significant impact on GDP. The greatest effect on economic growth in the analyzed sample has exports, which implies the conclusion of the inevitability of more intensive participation of these economies in international trade flows.
Air quality changes in Ukraine during the April 2020 wildfire event
Authors: Savenets Mykhailo , Osadchyi Volodymyr , Oreshchenko Andrii , Pysarenko Larysa
Published: January 2021

The paper analyzes air quality changes in Ukraine during a wildfire event in April 2020 and a dust storm episode during the 16th of April 2020. The wildfire event contained two episodes of active fires and huge pollutants' emission: 4-14 April and 16-21 April, respectively. Using the Sentinel-5P data of CO and NO 2 column number density and ground-based measurements, there was estimated air quality deterioration. Advection of polluted air masses and analysis of affected territories were made in combination with a Web-based HYSPLIT model. Satellite data described air quality changes better than in-situ measurements. Data intercomparison showed better coincidence in regions that were not affected by wildfire emissions. The paper described the dust storm event based on absorbing aerosol index (AAI) data that occurred between two wildfire episodes.
Political marketing and strategies of digital illusions: Examples from Venezuela and Brazil
Authors: Pavlović Maja , Bojić Ljubiša
Published: January 2021

State represents a social phenomenon which is constantly changing - just like all political actors. The direction of that evolution is determined by the development and current state of the art in technological domain. That explains how the rise of social media and new ICTs has shaped the contemporary political communication. This paper sheds light on the manner in which digital tools are exploited in an unpredictable social ambience which is characterized by numerous political crises. Special attention has been given to the phenomenon of digital astroturfing and political disinformation trends in Venezuela and Brazil. We have found that the dynamic technological development combined with the use of political bots has been creating the potential for fake news, thus impacting election processes and endangering democracy. Therefore, these phenomena need further scientific examination.
Sociology and climate change
Authors: Miltojević Vesna , Ilić-Krstić Ivana
Published: January 2021

This paper showcases the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to the examination of causes and effects of climate change, particularly the necessity of greater involvement of sociologists in the investigation of the causes and the offering of solutions to mitigate the effects. Accepting the view that present-day climate change is socially conditioned, the discussion relies on the assumption that climate change has indeed found its place in sociological research, only not to a sufficient extent. Based on the review of available literature, it was determined that the study of climate change was triggered by social ecologists and that climate change became a full-fledged subject of theoretical considerations and investigations into specific causes and effects. Since agriculture is one of the causes of climate change, the paper emphasizes the necessity of sociological research of the agricultural sector and its relation to climate change and proposes other potential research fields.
Socio-cultural interpretation of the phenomenon of laughter in 'The Joker' (2019): Interpretation of the Western civilization man
Authors: Nedeljković Zoran
Published: January 2021

The author has given a socio-cultural interpretation of the phenomenon of laughter in the film "The Joker" (Todd, Phillips, 2019) as an individual as well as a social phenomenon of Western civilization. He considers the difference between the concepts of utopia, dystopia and utopistics as a possible solution to the problem that would avoid an optimistic and pessimistic view of the future of humanity. The author seeks a civilization parallel between the fictional world of film and the cultural elements of today. The necrophilic atmosphere of Gotham City is strikingly reminiscent of the spiritual lethargy that characterizes the postmodern metropolises of the 21st century. The fate of the film's protagonist could afflict any individual on our planet if they came to the realization that they are a personality, that they have created themselves, and that on their own spiritual skin they have felt the misunderstanding of others who do not wish to stand out from the crowd. The author notes that many protesters against the governing structures of the oligarchy of states around the world have identified themselves in their protest with the Joker, an anti-hero who in a century of tolerance defends with laughter when he feels that his existence is threatened. In this film, the Joker is the personification of a diseased society. Todd Philips' work is an attempt to draw attention to the fact that the stratification of the human community can lead to the breakdown of social relations, however much the governing establishment's media seek to entertain and laugh at masses of proletarians and homeless people without a cultural identity through entertainment shows. The impact of the film, as a work of art, was visible immediately after its broadcast in public. The failed clown Joker could not cure himself with laughter because his laughing was "crying upside down" out of despair that was contrary to the hope of a man who could seek the meaning of his life in two Christian virtues: faith and love. However, the author of this text offers a solution by reminding of the way of life of a specific person, which would save the world from moral panic. He introduces us to a man with an accomplished existence of being a clown and a university professor at the same time - E. Kiphard (1923-2010), who lived to help fellow men with a mission to treat people with laughter rather than to defend them with the Joker's unnatural and contagious laughter of an anti-utopian resident.
Development of discourse as an instrument of critical social analysis
Authors: Pešić Milena
Published: January 2021

Since the concept of discourse has become almost indispensable in the contemporary research of a large number of social and political phenomena, and as such represents a transdisciplinary instrument of social analysis and critique, it is of indisputable importance to indicate what its theoretical-methodological relevance consists of. For that purpose, the genesis of this polyvalent concept is given in this paper through the developmental presentation of various analytical levels of its consideration within the context of general frameworks of scientific insights relevant for its theoretical operationalization. Particular analytical attention was given to the concepts of Michel Foucault and Jürgen Habermas, not only because those are two of the most influential discourse theories in the twentieth century, but also because the differences between them offer a more comprehensive insight into the importance of this concept.
Discrimination based on religion or belief in the field of work
Authors: Turčinović Filip , Bakić Vera , Stojković-Zlatanović Sanja
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to research the necessity of the policy and legal protection of freedom of religion at the workplace, as well as to support the prevention of discrimination of the employees on grounds of religion. The sociological and legal normative method regarding the implementation of the international principle of Dignity at Work, accompanied by the integrated and holistic approach in the research, has been applied. The basic research questions are defined as follows - whether the majority, declarative guarantee of freedom of religion by the provisions of the Constitution, as well as by positive legal documents, is sufficient for the protection against religious discrimination in the domain of labour, and how to increase the scope and level of individual protection of freedom of religious expression, in a way not jeopardizing the interests of the employer in the conditions of domination of economic principles in business, as well as in the labour market, in addition establishing a balance with social goals in terms of achieving goals of the sustainable development agenda.