bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Pada CV. RA RAIHAN KONVEKSI dengan Pendekatan Blue Ocean Strategy
Authors: Imran Imran , Santi Asih Putri
Published: October 2020

This study aims to develop innovation products, which should be added to CV. Raihan Konveksi using the Blue Ocean Strategy approach. This type of research uses qualitative and descriptive research, where trying to find out what strategies the employer uses in the effort to increase sales in the company. The technique of collecting data is carried out in a randomized manner and interviewed. The results of this research know which strategies are carried out by CV. Raihan Konveksi to increase its product by using the eliminated four steps, no factor is needed to be eliminated. Reduce, there is no factor that reduces it. Increase, improve product innovation and promotion. Create, create several factors as they receive design from consumers, provide unique materials, and make new products that many consumers are interested in. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan inovasi produk, yang perlu ditambahkan untuk CV. RAIHAN KONVEKSI dengan menggunakan pendekatan Blue Ocean Strategy. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dimana mencoba untuk mengetahui strategi apa yang digunakan perusahaan dalam upaya meningkatkan penjualan didalam perusahaan tersebut. Teknikpengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini mengetahui strategi apa yang dilakukan oleh CV. RAIHAN KONVEKSI untuk meningkatkan produknya yaitu dengan menggunakan kerja empat langkah seperti hapuskan, tidak ada faktor yang perlu dihapuskan. Kurangi, tidak ada faktor yang perludi kurangi. Tingkatkan, meningkatkan inovasi produk dan promosi. Ciptakan, menciptakan beberapa faktor seperti menerima desain dari konsumen, menyediakan bahan baku yang unik, dan membuat produk baru yang banyak diminati konsumen
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN ATRAKSI PENGOLAHAN RENDANG (MARANDANG) SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK WISATA GASTRONOMI DI KAMPUNG RENDANG KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Ardy Novit , Yulihasri Yulihasri
Published: October 2020

This study aims: (1) To determine the strengths and weaknesses of the rendang processing attraction (marandang) as a gastronomic tourism attraction in Kampung Rendang Payakumbuh City (2) To determine the opportunities and threats of rendang processing attractions (marandang) as a gastronomic tourist attraction in Rendang Village Payakumbuh City (3) To find out the strategy of developing rendang processing attractions (marandang) as a gastronomic tourism attraction in Rendang Village, Payakumbuh City by using SWOT Analysis. The results showed that the attraction of rendang processing (marandang) as a gastronomic tourism attraction in Rendang Kampung Payakumbuh City from the analysis of the SWOT matrix obtained quadrant coordinates I namely supporting aggressive strategies, which are in the most favorable situation, in other words marandang attractions have the opportunity and strength. The strategy that must be taken under these conditions is to support an aggressive growth policy or growth oriented strategy by utilizing the opportunities available and the internal strengths of Kampung Rendang, Payakumbuh City.Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan atraksi pengolahan rendang (marandang) sebagai daya tarik wisata gastronomi di Kampung Rendang Kota Payakumbuh (2) Untuk mengetahui peluang dan ancaman atraksi pengolahan rendang (marandang) sebagai daya tarik wisata gastronomi di Kampung Rendang Kota Payakumbuh (3) Untuk mengetahui strategi pengembangan atraksi pengolahan rendang (marandang) sebagai daya tarik wisata gastronomi di Kampung Rendang Kota Payakumbuh dengan menggunakan SWOT Analisys. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atraksi pengolahan rendang (marandang) sebagai daya tarik wisata gastronomi di Kampung Rendang Kota Payakumbuh dari hasil analisa pada matrik SWOT diperoleh koordinat kuadran I yakni mendukung strategi agresif, yaitu berada pada situasi yang paling menguntungkan, dengan kata lain atraksi marandang mempunyai peluang dan kekuatan. Strategi yang harus diambil dalam kondisi seperti ini adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif atau growth oriented strategy dengan memanfaatkan peluang yang ada serta kekuatan internal yang dimiliki Kampung Rendang Kota Payakumbuh.
Use of Anti Rolling Gyro (ARG) Optimization Systems For Planing Boats
Authors: DEMİR Uğursal
Published: October 2020

In addition to the basic classification rules that must be taken into account during the design, products and purchase of a marine vessel; it is seen that the measures to increase comfort and safety have gained more importance in recent years. The engineering design of a boat has been conveyed to the customers as an advantage by the mass production companies, as a gain, as well as the efficient use of the volumes and the safety and comfort. Apart from the universal design, the qualities sought in many designs; It is inevitable that all technological progress will increase in parallel with the winning and marketing stages. In this context, it can be said that the main purpose of the design is to use the existing volumes effectively with the least physical effort. Especially since the early 1990s, when the understanding that yachts and recreational boats are the object of the upper class consumers, that is, the rich class, began to collapse, the production of planing boats gained speed. From 2000 to today, the competition of mass production companies, not only in the field of design, but also in the damping of excessive yaw and trim movements of marine vehicles; the comfort of the passenger and crew and the safety of the boat contributed to the development of these motion stabilization systems. In this study, gyro stabilizers (ARG) in order to balance the movements caused by the forces that a ship is exposed to in the water; working principle and basically application examples in slide boats are examined.
Leaving the Japanese Education System to Attend High School in New Zealand
Authors: Kittaka Louise
Published: October 2020

As parents, we generally expect that our children will live with us at least until the end of high school. However, for some intercultural families whose children have been hitherto educated in the Japanese system, the parting may come sooner. In this chapter, I discuss factors involved in sending a child abroad for high school while parents remained in Japan, including the reasons families seek alternatives outside of the Japanese system, and some of the practical issues involved. (While there are exceptions, in this context “abroad” is considered the home country of a non-Japanese parent.) This chapter focuses on our family’s experiences with sending our three children to high school in New Zealand. While each family’s journey—indeed, each child’s journey—is unique, it is hoped that this chapter will offer some insights for other families contemplating a similar path.
Japan’s Overseas School System
Authors: Murakami Charlotte
Published: October 2020

This chapter will be of interest to families with children who plan to leave Japan; especially those that intend to return and have their children re-enter the school system. In this chapter, I will outline a brief history of the system of Japanese schools (nihonjingakko or nihongakko for short) and the Japanese supplementary schools (hoshujugyoko or hoshuko for short). I will also touch upon the matter of private schools (shiteizaigaigakko). Nearly all of these schools have been set up overseas under the auspices of the Japanese Ministry of Education, and those set up independently have typically sought its approval and support. While some countries support and provide schooling overseas, none appear to match the sheer scale of Japan’s centrally controlled network of overseas schools. For Japanese and international families living outside Japan, these schools serve as a valuable means for their children to maintain and develop their Japanese literacy (kokugo) and to keep them in touch with Japanese culture. In this chapter, I will focus on the re-establishment of Japan’s overseas schooling network in the 1970s and explain how it operates. I will then identify key changes that have taken place since the 1990s. Understanding this recent history will profit sojourning and migrating families who are considering what educational path to take for their children.
Navigating Public Education in Japan for a Bicultural Child with Autism
Authors: Ryan Eugene
Published: October 2020

When a bilingual child is diagnosed as being on the autistic spectrum, their parents suddenly find themselves faced with a bewildering range of seemingly urgent choices which emerge from the central idea of What is best for my child? For example, they must decide which place or environment looks like offering the best support, whether or not they should change or give up their jobs, and whether bilingualism itself is even tenable. Even when these key issues have been resolved, there is still the matter of how to raise and educate the child, and how to navigate the various challenges of the educational path that is chosen. In this chapter I will use the experiences of my family to illustrate some examples of the choices families in this situation are required to make. We are a British-Japanese family, settled in Japan, and all of us are fluent in English and Japanese. It will cover the time period from the autism diagnosis of our son at the age of four, to the present, a time span of around six years. During this time, our son has been educated in the local Japanese kindergarten and elementary school.
التدخلات الخارجية وانعكاساتها على أزمة اليمن
Authors: MABROUK Sahli
Published: October 2020

شهد العالم العربي منذ سنة 2011 اندلاع ثورات شعبية أدت إلى سقوط العديد من الأنظمة الحاكمة في تونس، ومصر، وليبيا، وكذلك سقوط نظام علي عبد الله صالح في اليمن، هذا الأخير الذي حكم البلاد لأكثر من ثلاثين عاماً، إلا أن عملية التحول الديمقراطي في هذا البلد توقفت بسبب انتفاضة الحوثيين سنة 2014 المدعومين من قبل إيران، وتم جر اليمن مرة أخرى إلى حرب أهلية، وأضحت ساحة للنزاعات الإقليمية والدولية خاصة مع تدخل التحالف العربي بقيادة المملكة العربية السعودية في أذار/ مارس 2015 بحجة استعادة الشرعية. ومن هنا تنطلق إشكالية الدراسة لمعالجة وتحليل تداعيات وتأثيرات التدخلات الخارجية الإقليمية والدولية، على الأزمة اليمنية.
Tavuk Oyunu Bağlamında Doğu Akdeniz’de (Kıbrıs) Meydana Gelen Gelişmelerin Analizi
Authors: ŞAHİN İsmail , GÜNAR Altuğ
Published: October 2020

Uluslararası ilişkilerde Tavuk Oyunu Teorisi farklı sonuçlar ortaya çıkarabilme potansiyeline sahip durumlar için kullanılabilmektedir. Oyun teorisi bir durum içerisinde mevcut olan aktörlerin birbirini etkileyen kararlarının analiz edilmesi için tercih edilmektedir. Tavuk Oyunu Teorisi de karşılıklı bir tehdit algılaması durumunu anlamak ve aktörlerin kararları hakkında görüşlere sahip olmak için kullanılmaktadır. Tavuk Oyunu Teorisi bir Hollywood filmi olan “Asi Gençlik” filmindeki bir sahneye dayanmaktadır. Filmde uçuruma doğru araba süren sürücülerden hangisi ilk frene basarsa tavuk; basmayan sürücü ise kahraman olmaktadır. Bu kurgu içerisinde 4 durum söz konusudur. Taraflar arasında ya iş birliği olacak ikisi de frene basacak ya iş birliği olmayacak ikisi de uçurumdan düşerek ölecek ya da sürücülerden biri frene basarken diğeri basmayacak ölmeyi göze alarak diğer sürücünün tavuk olmasını sağlayıp kazanan olacaktır. Bu doğrultuda Doğu Akdeniz’de meydana gelen deniz yetki alanlarına ilişkin sorunlar ışığında tarafların ileri sürdükleri tezlerden geri adım atmamaları; bu gelişmelerin Tavuk Oyunu Teorisi bağlamında incelenebileceğini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacını uluslararası ilişkilerde Tavuk Oyunu Teorisi bağlamında Doğu Akdeniz’de Türkiye’nin taraf olduğu siyasi ve askeri gelişmelerin ele alınması oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Tavuk Oyunu Teorisinin günümüzde Doğu Akdeniz’de meydana gelen gelişmelerin değerlendirilmesi açısından uygun bir teori olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Determinants and Prevention Strategies of Substance Abuse in Pacific Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohammadnezhad Masoud , Thomas Anjali , Kabir Russell
Published: October 2020

Objectives:People abuse substances like drugs, alcohol, and tobacco for different reasons, including pleasure, improved performance and vigilance, relief of depression, curbing hunger, and weight control. In this review, we sought to identify the determinants and prevention strategies that have been undertaken to minimize the issue of substance abuse. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the Cochrane Library Guidelines and PRISMA checklist. We searched six online databases to identify studies from January 2000 to July 2017. Results: Only peer-reviewed studies published in the English language that had full text accessible were included. We reviewed 19 studies; only one was quasi-experimental and the majority were descriptive studies. The determinants of substance abuse identified include personal, faciliatory/promotor, environmental, and social factors. The prevention strategies identified use culturally appropriate and gender-sensitive treatments, and identify sources of strength in families, community, individual, and even spiritual. Conclusions: Substance abuse poses significant public health risks and therefore requires adequate interventions such as educating and informing individuals of the health risks associated with substance abuse and must be considered locally to promote the well-being of people.
Curadoria digital no contexto artístico e cultural: possibilidades de reuso de dados de arte
Authors: Freire Klara Martha Wanderley , Sales Luana Farias , Sayão Luis Fernando
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Por meio da iniciativa de várias instituições, muitos acervos culturais foram digitalizados, gerando material que possui grande potencial de reuso. A presente pesquisa busca identificar quais são os tipos de reuso realizados nas instituições culturais, com base nos princípios da curadoria digital.
Método: A pesquisa parte de uma amostra específica dos agregadores/instituições presentes na Europeana Collections. A partir de requisitos específicos estipulados, quatro instituições foram selecionadas. Um levantamento das práticas existentes foi realizado, bem como sua posterior sistematização em sete categorias fundamentadas na literatura de curadoria digital, a saber: Agregações, Espaço Colaborativo, Curadoria Online, Educação, Pesquisa Científica, Aplicativos Computacionais e Serviços Comerciais.
Resultado: Constatou-se que uma das quatro instituições selecionadas pratica todas as categorias de reuso e as demais instituições praticam três ou mais das atividades investigadas. Foram identificados dezesseis tipos de reuso de dados de arte, tais como: produção de materiais derivados de imagens, reinterpretações, campos para comentários, programação algorítmica de recomendação através de dados fornecidos pelo visitante, exposições online com curadoria interna e externa/colaborativa, entre outros.
Conclusões: A expansão para o mundo digital das coleções das instituições culturais resulta em novas possibilidades em termos de serviços, produtos, entretenimento, ação educativa e pesquisa. Além disso, faz nascer uma maior aproximação e interação com o público, estimulando a visitação presencial. Propicia o contato com coleções de valor, criando uma “deselitização” dos grandes acervos e promovendo a visibilidade de coleções de culturas locais. Pode ainda fomentar a indústria criativa e valorizar o trabalho das unidades de informação pertencentes às instituições culturais.
As diferentes metrias dos estudos métricos da informação:
Authors: Curty Renata Gonçalves , Delbianco Natalia Rodrigues
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Levantar, analisar e ao mesmo tempo oferecer um esclarecimento conceitual e histórico acerca dos Estudos Métricos da Informação e seus subcampos considerando seus objetos e propósitos de interesse, bem como discutir as inter-relações das abordagens métricas a partir de diferentes modelos identificados na literatura.Método: Caracteriza-se como um estudo de revisão narrativa que adota a técnica de metanálise para a discussão das definições e das representações que que tratam das abordagens métricas no contexto da Ciência da Informação.Resultados: A partir da identificação das oito abordagens métricas mais frequentes e melhor consolidadas na literatura científica (Altmetria, Arquivometria, Bibliometria, Cibermetria, Cientometria, Informetria, Patentometria e Webometria) apresenta a genealogia dessas metrias e os autores precursores responsáveis pelos conceitos seminais, bem como a sua evolução ao longo dos anos, propondo conceitos que refletem suas evoluções e frentes aplicação. Propõe uma forma de representação inovadora dimensional, a qual busca superar as divergências limitações dos modelos identificados na literatura corrente, e que considera as metrias como subcampos independentes, mas que podem ser classificados em três eixos (locus, focus e fluxus) dependendo do contexto de seus objetos e propósitos de interesse, como são produzidas e por onde circulam.Conclusões: Oferece um melhor esclarecimento conceitual e acerca da evolução epistemológica das principais abordagens métricas que poderá fomentar futuras pesquisas e atividades de ensino ligadas à temática de modo a permitir uma melhor distinção entre os diferentes subcampos métricos.
O desenvolvimento do padrão de Voice Onset Time das oclusivas surdas iniciais do inglês por aprendizes soteropolitanos: efeitos da instrução explícita
Authors: Kupske Felipe Flores , De Oliveira Michele Santos
Published: October 2020

Neste trabalho, investigamos o efeito da instrução explícita de pronúncia no desenvolvimento do padrão de Voice Onset Times (VOT) das oclusivas surdas iniciais do inglês como língua não nativa por aprendizes soteropolitanos. O estudo contou com três coletas de dados, um pré-teste, um pós-teste imediato e um pós-teste postergado, de 16 aprendizes soteropolitanos, divididos em grupos controle e experimental, e com uma sessão de instrução sobre a produção das oclusivas surdas iniciais do inglês. Análises acústicas do VOT são reportadas. Os resultados revelaram que o grupo controle, que não recebeu instrução, não produziu o padrão de VOT esperado para o inglês em nenhuma das coletas. Por outro lado, no grupo experimental, que recebeu instrução explícita, pudemos notar um aumento considerável na duração das oclusivas da L2. Nossos dados revelam efeitos positivos da instrução explícita de pronúncia para o desenvolvimento do VOT da L2 e vão ao encontro de Sancier e Fowler (1997) e Autor 1 (2016), que afirmam que brasileiros são capazes de atingir produções estatisticamente próximas ao esperado para o inglês, ao menos no que concerne ao VOT.
Assessing second language oral proficiency development with holistic and analytic scales
Authors: Silveira Rosane , Martins Thaisy da Silva
Published: October 2020

The present study discusses how a group of experienced raters use different types of scales to assess the development of oral proficiency in English as a second language (L2). Raters assigned rates to speech samples first using a holistic scale (CEFR, 2018) and then assigning rates for pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and fluency performance using individual scales. The speech samples were recorded by five Brazilians. There were two data collection sessions, with the second one occurring 7-8 months after the first one. The results indicate high levels of agreement among raters for all scales. Furthermore, the raters detected changes in speakers’ performance in four out of five scales: L2 oral proficiency, vocabulary, grammar, and fluency, and these differences in rates across time were significant for oral proficiency, vocabulary, and fluency. Thus, the different types of scale allow detecting L2 oral proficiency development.
Relação da qualidade de vida com dados sociodemográficos e nutricionais de gestantes e puérperas
Authors: Maria Schumacher Liliane , Schmitt Mariane , Fassina Patrícia , Scherer Adami Fernanda
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Investigar a percepção da qualidade de vida de gestantes e puérperas e sua relação com dados sociodemográficos e nutricionais. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul, no período de junho a setembro de 2019, com 57 gestantes e puérperas, submetidas a um questionário estruturado contendo dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e ao questionário WHOQOL-BREF. Avaliou-se o estado nutricional pré-gestacional e o ganho de peso para a idade gestacional, sendo os resultados considerados significativos a um nível de significância de 5% (p≤0,05). Resultados: 41 gestantes e puérperas consideraram sua qualidade de vida “boa” (72%), 43 estavam “satisfeitas” ou “muito satisfeitas” com a sua saúde (75,4%) e 32 apresentavam-se eutróficas (56,1%). Verificou-se correlação inversa da avaliação da qualidade de vida com a idade (p≤0,01) e o índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional esteve inversamente relacionado com a satisfação com a saúde (p≤0,01) das gestantes e puérperas. As mulheres eutróficas apresentaram-se significativamente associadas à percepção de “muito satisfeita” em relação a sua saúde e aquelas com sobrepeso, à percepção de “insatisfeita” com a sua saúde (p≤0,01). Conclusão: A avaliação da percepção da qualidade de vida associou-se inversamente à idade, assim como a percepção da satisfação com a saúde associou-se inversamente ao índice de massa corporal pré gestacional das gestantes e puérperas investigadas.
Launching of the accreditation system for rehabilitation facility in Korea
Authors: Bang Moon Suk
Published: October 2020

Rehabilitation is one of the five vital components of the healthcare system, along with prevention, promotion, treatment, and palliation. In Korea, inpatient rehabilitation service is inadequately supplied based on the low fee system for rehabilitation services and an absence of a standard for inpatient rehabilitation facility. Consequently, the length of hospital stays increases and the rate of successful post-rehabilitation return to the community is low. To provide intensive rehabilitation, US established ‘inpatient rehabilitation facility’ system and Japan established ‘restorative rehabilitation hospital system’. In 2020, a new accreditation system has been launched in South Korea with the aim to improve the country’s intensive inpatient rehabilitation services. This new system defines the standards of workforce management, facility, diagnostic category, comprehensive functional measure, onset and duration of inpatient rehabilitation, and fees for team conferences and social services for a successful return to the community. The system aims to achieve an effective and efficient inpatient rehabilitation system in Korea.
What Drives Daily Precipitation Over Central Amazon? Differences
Observed Between Wet and Dry Seasons
Authors: Biscaro Thiago S. , Machado Luiz A. T. , Giangrande Scott E. , Jensen Michael P.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. This study suggests a new approach on how diurnal precipitation is modulated by the nighttime events developed over Central Amazon using data from the Observations and Modelling of the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon 2014/5) field campaign in the Central Amazon as well as radar and satellite data. Local observations of cloud occurrences, soil temperature, surface fluxes, and planetary boundary layer characteristics are coupled with satellite data to identify physical mechanisms that control the diurnal rainfall in Amazonas during the wet and dry season. This is accomplished by evaluating the atmospheric properties during the nocturnal periods from the days prior to rainfall and non-raining events. Comparisons between non-rainy and rainy transitions are presented for the wet (January to April) and dry (June to September) seasons. The results suggest that wet season diurnal precipitation is modulated mainly by night-time cloud coverage and local effects such as turbulence, while dry season rain events are mainly controlled by large-meso scale circulation.
Strengths and weaknesses of three Machine Learning methods for
pCO2 interpolation
Authors: Stamell Jake , Rustagi Rea R. , Gloege Lucas , McKinley Galen A.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Using the Large Enemble Testbed, a collection of 100 members from four independent Earth system models, we test three general-purpose Machine Learning (ML) approaches to understand their strengths and weaknesses in statistically reconstructing full-coverage surface ocean pCO2 from sparse in situ data. To apply the Testbed, we sample the full-field model pCO2 as real-world pCO2 collected from 1982–2016 for each ensemble member. We then use ML approaches to reconstruct the full-field and compare with the original model full-field pCO2 to assess reconstruction skill. We use feed forward neural network (NN), XGBoost (XGB), and random forest (RF) approaches to perform the reconstructions. Our baseline is the NN, since this approach has previously been shown to be a successful method for pCO2 reconstruction. The XGB and RF allow us to test tree-based approaches. We perform comparisons to a test set, which consists of 20% of the real-world sampled data that are withheld from training. Statistical comparisons with this test set are equivalent to that which could be derived using real-world data. Unique to the Testbed is that it allows for comparison to all the "unseen" points to which the ML algorithms extrapolate. When compared to the test set, XGB and RF both perform better than NN based on a suite of regression metrics. However, when compared to the unseen data, degradation of performance is large with XGB and even larger with RF. Degradation is comparatively small with NN, indicating a greater ability to generalize. Despite its larger degradation, in the final comparison to unseen data, XGB slightly outperforms NN and greatly outperforms RF, with lowest mean bias and more consistent performance across Testbed members. All three approaches perform best in the open ocean and for seasonal variability, but performance drops off at longer time scales and in regions of low sampling, such as the Southern Ocean and coastal zones. For decadal variability, all methods overestimate the amplitude of variability and have moderate skill in reconstruction of phase. For this timescale, the greater ability of the NN to generalize allows it to slightly outperform XGB. Taking into account all comparisons, we find XGB to be best able to reconstruct surface ocean pCO2 from the limited available data.
Interannual variability in Transpolar Drift ice thickness and
potential impact of Atlantification
Authors: Belter H. Jakob , Krumpen Thomas , von Albedyll Luisa , Alekseeva Tatiana A. , Frolov Sergei V. , Hendricks Stefan , Herber Andreas , Polyakov Igor , Raphael Ian , Ricker Robert , Serovetnikov Sergei S. , Webster Melinda , Haas Christian
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Changes in Arctic sea ice thickness are the result of complex interactions of the dynamic and variable ice cover with atmosphere and ocean. Most of the sea ice exits the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait, which is why long-term measurements of ice thickness at the end of the Transpolar Drift provide insight into the integrated signals of thermodynamic and dynamic influences along the pathways of Arctic sea ice. We present an updated time series of extensive ice thickness surveys carried out at the end of the Transpolar Drift between 2001 and 2020. Overall, we see a more than 20 % thinning of modal ice thickness since 2001. A comparison with first preliminary results from the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) shows that the modal summer thickness of the MOSAiC floe and its wider vicinity are consistent with measurements from previous years. By combining this unique time series with the Lagrangian sea ice tracking tool, ICETrack, and a simple thermodynamic sea ice growth model, we link the observed interannual ice thickness variability north of Fram Strait to increased drift speeds along the Transpolar Drift and the consequential variations in sea ice age and number of freezing degree days. We also show that the increased influence of upward-directed ocean heat flux in the eastern marginal ice zones, termed Atlantification, is not only responsible for sea ice thinning in and around the Laptev Sea, but also that the induced thickness anomalies persist beyond the Russian shelves and are potentially still measurable at the end of the Transpolar Drift after more than a year. With a tendency towards an even faster Transpolar Drift, winter sea ice growth will have less time to compensate the impact of Atlantification on sea ice growth in the eastern marginal ice zone, which will increasingly be felt in other parts of the sea ice covered Arctic.
Revolution to Dissolution: ‘the White Album's’ techniques, packaging, and songwriting as a reflection of The Beatles and their influence
Authors: Jones Kevin
Published: October 2020

“The BEATLES” a.k.a., the “White Album,” released in November 1968, has sold 24 times Platinum (U.S.) and continues to garner fans and analysis. The following examines the album as reflection of the band, its legacy, song writing, recording and production techniques, and packaging. The White Album reveals individual development and outside influence, as the core faded and different interests led to dissolution. The multi-genre album shows group and solo efforts, along with the politics, maturity, drug and religious inspiration, technology, social norms, and pop culture of tumultuous 1968; an account of how and why is justified.
Progressions of Urgency Within and Across the White Album
Authors: Lubell Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Accepting the White Album as a complete listening experience, defined by its physical properties, brings with it a number of analytical problems. Given its expansiveness, complex production history, and diverse content, there is little explicit information offered to help listeners understand how to navigate their experience of the album. From within its contents, however, the concept of urgency presents itself as an important organizational theme. Using the language of experiential counterpoint, the ways in which urgency is both perceived and developed over the course of the album are explored, leading to assessments about the nature of the album's large-scale form.
Affect and its Circulation in and Beyond Richard Selzer's “Imelda”
Authors: Sun Jiena
Published: October 2020

Appreciation and literary representation of affective responses in medical encounters help resist the reductionist temptation to quantify and simplify illness experience with test data, images, and medical jargon. Then how do these representations of affect make a difference in the medical profession? Surgeon writer Richard Selzer's short story “Imelda” (1982) might offer a unique perspective to examine physicians' affective engagements with illness experience and illuminate how literature works through the representation of affect in medical contexts. In light of Sarah Ahmed's ideas of circulation in affective economies and the forming of affective communities, I read Imelda's deformity and the narrative as two affect objects which trigger the circulation of affect and the formation of a transformative network of affect among all those who are involved in the dramatic event of a post mortem operation. I argue that the emergence of affect in medical encounters energizes literary representation, while literature captures affect with language, and animates affective circulation in and beyond the narrative. More importantly, affective circulation occasioned by physician writing brings in new possibilities to humanize medicine.
Uncovering Jean McConville: Seamus Heaney's Poetic Cartography of the Disappeared
Authors: Elkins Amy E. , O'Neill Roan
Published: October 2020

In 1972, Jean McConville, a mother of ten from Northern Ireland, was taken from her home by the IRA, a paramilitary group that suspected McConville was an informer after neighbors saw her help a wounded British soldier. McConville's disappearance emerged as one of the most notorious killings of the Troubles—a deeply traumatic period in Irish history defined by sectarian tensions between Protestants and Catholics. Over the course of the Troubles, Seamus Heaney traces his own poetic cartographies, bridging the imagined and real landscapes that connect the work of representation and commemoration in Northern Irish poetry. Following a renewed interest in McConville's case, this article brings together analysis of popular culture and contemporary poetry and shows Heaney's particular investment in representing the personal and political complexity of the period. This article argues that Heaney's poems map Jean McConville's journey to the grave and back again, enabling readers to see how this poetic remapping of McConville's disappearance has been tied to the fate of a nation, both during the troubles and in post-reconciliation Northern Ireland.
“Melanctha Was Too Many for Him”: Gertrude Stein's Challenges to Essentialism inThree Lives
Authors: Leslie Christopher
Published: October 2020

Modernist author Gertrude Stein attended medical school and conducted research when the now discredited theory that humanity was easily divisible into a small number of biological races and two genders reigned supreme. Stein's education connects her to scientists working to maintain the hierarchy of races, primarily in the field of medicine. Although she is better known for her formal experimentation that breaks with the literary traditions of the nineteenth century, Stein's nonfiction writing before she abandoned medicine and moved to Paris demonstrates her antagonism to the rigid evaluations made by theorists of human difference. This connection to the history of medicine is an important background for Stein's first published work, Three Lives. Stein's contemporaries praised this collection of novellas for providing an alternative to the dialect style of rendering African American speech. With Stein's scientific training in mind, this article shows how more of Stein's aesthetic choices in Three Lives can be seen as a pointed satire of scientific racism based on deductive logic. Stein's challenge to the prevailing paradigms of race and gender is evident when the narrator's original, biologically deterministic point of view gives way to a nuanced understanding of difference. Accepting that this narrator is unreliable shows that Stein's first fictional work was written in continuity with her academic nonfiction, challenging contemporary assumptions about the nature of humanity. This article also demonstrates how fiction leaves behind traces of intellectual debates that now can provide insight into the impact of scientific theory: Three Lives demonstrates that the acceptance of and challenges to scientific paradigms are not immediate and exemplifies how the literary sphere has been used to test the consequences of prevailing patterns of scientific analysis and challenge their acceptance.
Efectos de la interacción verbal en el desempeño de tareas cooperativas
Authors: Rangel Nora , Peña-Pérez Negrón Adriana
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de permitir o restringir la interacción verbal entre díadas de participantes al realizar tareas cooperativas. Se analizó si el desempeño en la resolución de las tareas se vio afectado por las interacciones verbales de los participantes. La situación experimental (tarea) consistió en el armado de figuras tridimensionales en dos computadoras conectadas a través de internet. Para cada uno de los dos grupos experimentales, fueron asignados al azar 16 estudiantes universitarios. Un grupo tuvo que resolver la tarea sin la posibilidad de comunicación verbal, mientras que el otro grupo no tuvo tal restricción. Se observó que en las condiciones con posibilidad de interacción verbal, los participantes fueron más eficientes que en las condiciones en las que no se les permitió comunicarse. En el grupo con posibilidad de interacción verbal, se encontró que la mayoría de los participantes realizó comentarios directivos, aunque al parecer esto no afectó la eficiencia en el desempeño. En este trabajo se discuten los hallazgos en términos del tipo de respuesta requerido en la tarea, del papel del lenguaje en las interacciones y de las relaciones establecidas entre los participantes involucrados, los que podrían facilitar la ejecución de tareas cooperativas.
Coocurrencia de trastornos de personalidad en pacientes con trastornos de ansiedad
Authors: Robles-Ortega Humbelina , Mata-Martín José Luis , Sánchez-Barrera María Blasa , Vera-Guerrero María Nieves , Pegalajar Joaquín , Mezcua Andrea , Fernández-Santaella María Carmen , Vila Jaime
Published: October 2020

La coocurrencia entre los trastornos de personalidad y los trastornos de ansiedad puede tener implicaciones importantes. Los diagnósticos múltiples nos pueden dar idea de la gravedad de la alteración, el deterioro del funcionamiento y el pronóstico. El objetivo de este estudio fue doble, analizar la coocurrencia entre trastornos de personalidad y trastornos de ansiedad, e identificar perfiles de trastornos de personalidad en los diferentes trastornos de ansiedad. En este estudio participaron 31 pacientes con trastornos de ansiedad, distribuidos en cuatro grupos: fobia específica, fobia social, ansiedad generalizada y pánico, con y sin presencia de agorafobia. Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados fueron El Inventario Clínico Multiaxial de Millon II y la Entrevista para los Trastornos de Ansiedad según el Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales IV. El grupo de fobia específica presenta puntuaciones más bajas en las distintas escalas y menor frecuencia de trastornos de personalidad. Por el contrario, el grupo de ansiedad generalizada presenta mayor tasa de diagnósticos múltiples de trastornos de personalidad. Las puntuaciones más altas se observan en las escalas esquizoide, dependiente, autodestructiva, evitativa y compulsiva. Cada trastorno de ansiedad presenta un perfil de trastornos de personalidad. Tener en cuenta la coocurrencia entre trastornos puede ayudar a comprender el éxito o no de un tratamiento, por lo que la evaluación sistemática de la personalidad patológica en el ámbito clínico es recomendable.
Distorsiones cognitivas y búsqueda de sensaciones en adultos con ludopatía
Authors: Oropeza-Tena Roberto , Ávalos-Latorre María Luisa , Herrera-Díaz Alfredo , Varela-Ramírez Sergio
Published: October 2020

Para algunas personas apostar es fundamental en sus vidas y, cuando se hace compulsivamente, puede deteriorar sus relaciones interpersonales, sus actividades cotidianas y su economía. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar si existen diferencias entre tres grupos de participantes con conductas de juego distintas (peleas de gallos, cartas y máquinas tragamonedas) en los niveles de tres variables dependientes: Gravedad de la ludopatía, Distorsiones cognitivas y Búsqueda de sensaciones. En esta investigación participaron 83 adultos (hombres y mujeres), aficionados a las apuestas. Respondieron instrumentos referentes al juego patológico, distorsiones cognitivas y búsqueda de sensaciones. Al contrario de lo que se esperaba, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los tres grupos de jugadores, ni en los niveles de ludopatía, ni en los niveles de distorsiones cognitivas. No obstante, de acuerdo a las hipótesis, encontramos que el grupo de máquinas tragamonedas presentó puntuaciones significativamente mayores que el grupo de peleas de gallos en la dimensión de desinhibición de la búsqueda de sensaciones.
Construcción de la maternidad en adopciones monoparentales: mandatos, deseos y elecciones
Authors: Salvo Agoglia Irene
Published: October 2020

En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados de una investigación cualitativa más amplia que describió y analizó las narrativas de mujeres que adoptaron sin pareja en Chile durante los años 1999-2012. El trabajo pretende hacer foco en el análisis de las continuidades, rupturas e innovaciones en las significaciones y prácticas de estas mujeres, respecto de algunos mandatos asociados al género femenino. Los principales resultados se organizan en tres núcleos narrativos ligados a la construcción identitaria, la construcción de la maternidad y la decisión de adoptar, mostrando la coexistencia de diversos sentidos y prácticas y las estrategias y acciones que realizan para gestionar sus decisiones y vidas familiares. Se discuten y problematizan las nociones de deseo, autonomía, elección y agencia con el objetivo de contribuir a profundizar en el conocimiento y comprensión de algunas nociones y procesos asociados a estas y otras maternidades, para orientar actuaciones profesionales reflexivas, pertinentes y desprejuiciadas que lleven a repensar nociones más amplias sobre la maternidad y el parentesco, intentando aportar con ello a legitimar modalidades familiares contemporáneas y emergentes.
Desarrollo de procesos reflexivos desde la percepción de estudiantes de enfermería
Authors: Olate Jessica , Castillo Silvana
Published: October 2020

Este estudio se realizó al finalizar una asignatura impartida en segundo año de enfermería, cuyo propósito fue contribuir a la formación integral del estudiante, a través del autoconocimiento y desarrollo de habilidades sociales para favorecer el establecimiento de la relación terapéutica. Para ello, se utilizaron estrategias que intencionan el desarrollo de la reflexión, y se indagó en la percepción de los estudiantes sobre sus procesos reflexivos. El objetivo era explorar cómo los estudiantes de enfermería perciben el desarrollo de sus procesos reflexivos después de participar en el curso. Es una investigación naturalista, que utilizó como método cualitativo el estudio de caso único e intrínseco; se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los estudiantes, previa firma de consentimiento informado. Se desarrolló un análisis de datos inductivo, mediante el método comparativo constante. Como resultados emergieron tres núcleos temáticos relacionados: desarrollo del proceso reflexivo, experiencias de trabajo grupal, y desarrollo de aprendizaje significativo. Se concluye que el proceso reflexivo de los estudiantes corresponde a un fenómeno recursivo que se va profundizado y madurando en el tiempo, siendo percibido como una habilidad que puede ser intencionada en la formación y resulta útil a nivel personal, académico y profesional futuro.
Desarrollo de un banco de ítems para medir conocimiento en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cupani Marcos , Ghio Fernanda Belén , Leal María Florencia , Giraudo Gimena Mariel , Castro Zamparella Tatiana , Piumatti Gisella , Casalotti Antonella Belén , Ramírez Juan Claudio , Arranz María Andrés , Farías Analía Norma , Padilla Natalia , Barrionuevo Leandro
Published: October 2020

La medición en el ámbito educativo del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios es considerada empírica y cuantitativa. De allí que el propósito principal de dichas evaluaciones consiste en el control de los sistemas educativos y la evaluación a partir de criterios objetivos (Long, Wendt, & Dunne, 2011). Este trabajo apunta a desarrollar un banco de ítems para el Test de Conocimiento General compuesto de 20 dominios específicos. Se presentan avances realizados en seis dominios (psicología, biología, historia, literatura, economía y leyes). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 6.794 estudiantes. Se evaluaron 1.526 ítems de distintos dominios. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio no lineal, se obtuvieron los índices de dificultad y discriminación según la teoría clásica de los test y la teoría de respuesta al ítem; también se obtuvieron índices de fiabilidad. El 68% presenta dificultad moderada y 32% un índice de dificultad alto o bajo. Sobre los índices de confiabilidad en la mayoría de los dominios se obtuvieron valores satisfactorios superiores a ,70. Se concluye la necesidad de revisar los ítems que no cumplieron estos criterios y ampliar la muestra. Este instrumento permitirá reducir los errores de clasificación de los alumnos y medir el desempeño académico con una escala de intervalo.
Detección del estado atencional humano en zorros en cautiverio: influencia de los niveles de sociabilidad
Authors: Fagnani Jesica , Bentosela Mariana , Barrera Gabriela
Published: October 2020

Los perros domésticos (Canis lupus familiaris) destacan en sus habilidades comunicativas para interactuar con las personas. Los procesos de domesticación y ontogenia son fundamentales en el surgimiento de estas habilidades; la evaluación de especies de cánidos no domesticadas es relevante a esta temática. Evaluamos la habilidad de dos especies de zorros (Lycalopex gymnocercus y Cerdocyon thous) para diferenciar el estado atencional humano. Para acceder a la comida, los sujetos elegían entre una persona de frente (atenta) y otra de espaldas (desatenta). Dado que los individuos difieren en sus niveles de sociabilidad, las preferencias en la prueba podrían estar moduladas por estos niveles, entonces aplicamos una prueba de sociabilidad que permitió clasificar a los zorros en dos grupos: sociable y no sociable. Los zorros del grupo sociable se aproximaron a la persona atenta para obtener comida; los del grupo no sociable evitaron acercarse a la misma, prefiriendo obtener comida de la desatenta, o bien no se acercaron a ninguna. Esto indica que los zorros son sensibles al estado atencional, pero su comportamiento se modifica según su nivel de sociabilidad. Los resultados sugieren que las interacciones previas con los humanos son importantes, y la habilidad no se explica exclusivamente por la domesticación.
Changes in the Meanings Associated to Paternity in Men in Temuco (Chile)
Authors: Vizcarra Beatriz , Poo Ana-María
Published: October 2020

In the last two decades Chilean society has undergone significant changes that have had an impact on roles within the family. Various studies on parenting show that men today are more involved in parenting, and exert emotional and vertical paternity; however these practices coexist with more traditional roles influenced by age-group and socioeconomic status. The aim of this study is to analyse changes in the meaning of fatherhood for men in Temuco, a city located in the south of Chile, comparing different generations and socioeconomic sectors. Multiple-case design was used. The population were Chilean men, young (18 to 25 years old) and adults (45-65 years old); and three socioeconomic sectors, low, middle and high. Six discussion groups were conducted by the researchers helped by male research assistants. The information obtained was analysed and the units of meaning identified were transformed into categories; these were compared in order to identify similarities, differences and links between them. The results show more marked differences in the adult group than among young men, where greater homogeneity is found between socioeconomic levels. Some coincidences were recorded between socioeconomic sector and age-group, for example high valuation of paternity and interest in active participation in parenting.
Ideación suicida y estrés postraumático después del terremoto y tsunami del 27-F
Authors: Leiva-Bianchi Marcelo , Soto-Escalona Pablo , Serrano Carlos
Published: October 2020

Este estudio identifica la prevalencia de ideación suicida y su relación con el trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) en personas afectadas por el terremoto y tsunami del 27 de febrero de 2010 en Chile. Se aplicó a 247 participantes la Escala de Trauma de Davidson y un ítem del instrumento SPRINT-E que mide ideación suicida. Se encontró un 8,9% de prevalencia de ideación suicida, mientras que el 4,9% presenta ideación suicida y TEPT con una pauta de asociación importante (rtc = 4,4; CC = ,267). Además, desempeñarse como ama de casa, tener un familiar afectado por el desastre, y tener TEPT son los principales factores de riesgo para la ideación suicida. Se recomienda a la red de salud tenerlos presentes a la hora de evaluar e intervenir poblaciones afectadas por desastres.