bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research Domain Criteria (RDoC): A Perspective to Probe the Biological Background behind Treatment Efficacy in Depression
Authors: Calabrò Marco , Fabbri Chiara , Kasper Siegfried , Zohar Joseph , Souery Daniel , Montgomery Stuart , Albani Diego , Forloni Gianluigi , Ferentinos Panagiotis , Rujescu Dan , Mendlewicz Julien , Colombo Roberto , De Ronchi Diana , Serretti Alessandro , Crisafulli Concetta
Published: January 2021

Background:

Major Depressive Disorder(MDD) and its frequent partial response to antidepressants
are a major health concern and therefore an important focus of research. Despite the efforts,
MDD pathogenesis and the mechanisms of antidepressant action are only partially understood. In the last
few years, the need of rethinking the classification of depressive disorders and psychiatric disorders, in
general, has been suggested, in order to provide a nosology that reflects more closely the biological background
associated with disease pathogenesis and its role/significance in treatment. The classification proposed
by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), namely the research domain criteria (RDoC),
may represent a key framework to guide research in this direction.

Methods:

A literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar databases in order to retrieve
data regarding Antidepressants effects on specific RDoC constructs. Further, the targets of drugs of
interest were identified through the Drug bank database, and their possible function within RDoC constructs
was discussed.

Discussion:

In this review, we summarize and discuss the significance of the results of pre-clinical and
clinical studies investigating specific RDoC paradigms relevant to depressive phenotypes and antidepressant
effects.

Conclusion:

The RDoC framework may facilitate a more specific use of antidepressants based on the individual’s
spectrum of symptoms and the development of new compounds that target specific depressive
symptoms.
The Therapeutic use of the Zonulin Inhibitor AT-1001 (Larazotide) for a Variety of Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Troisi Jacopo , Venutolo Giorgia , Terracciano Concetta , Carri Matteo Delli , Di Micco Simone , Landolfi Annamaria , Fasano Alessio
Published: January 2021

Background:

The involvement of intercellular tight junctions and, in particular,
the modulation of their competency by the zonulin pathway with a subsequent increase
in epithelial and endothelial permeability, has been described in several chronic
and acute inflammatory diseases. In this scenario, Larazotide, a zonulin antagonist, could
be employed as a viable therapeutic strategy.

Objective:

The present review aims to describe recent research and current observations
about zonulin involvement in several diseases and the use of its inhibitor Larazotide for
their treatment.

Methods:

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, resulting
in 209 publications obtained with the following search query: “Larazotide,” “Larazotide
acetate,” “AT-1001,” “FZI/0” and “INN-202.” After careful examination, some publications
were removed from consideration because they were either not in English or were
not directly related to Larazotide.

Results:

The obtained publications were subdivided according to Larazotide’s mechanism
of action and different diseases: celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, other autoimmune
diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, Kawasaki disease, respiratory (infective and/or
non-infective) diseases, and other.

Conclusion:

A substantial role of zonulin in many chronic and acute inflammatory diseases
has been demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro, indicating the possible efficacy
of a Larazotide treatment. Moreover, new possible molecular targets for this molecule
have also been demonstrated.
Na, K-ATPase as a Biological Target for Gold(III) Complexes: A Theoretical and Experimental Approach
Authors: Bondžić Aleksandra M. , Vasić Anićijević Dragana D. , Janjić Goran V. , Zeković Ivana , Momić Tatjana , Nikezić Ana Vujačić , Vasić Vesna M.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Gold-based complexes represent a new class of potential
metallodrugs. Although their action mechanism is not entirely understood, it was shown
that gold complexes inhibit some enzymes’ activities. Among them, Na,K-ATPase is
emerging as an essential target for various anticancer drugs. The functionalization of nanoparticles
by gold(III) complexes could facilitate their delivery into the cells and enable
the following of their distribution in the target tissues.

Objective:

The paper presents an overview of Na,K-ATPase interaction with representative
and structurally related cytotoxic gold(III) complexes. The results obtained by the
employment of theoretical methods (DFT and docking studies) combined with the experimental
approach involving a variety of nanotechnology-base techniques (UV/Vis, Raman
and fluorescence spectroscopy, CD, AFM, DLS) are discussed. Detailed information was
obtained on the enzyme’s conformational and structural changes upon binding the
gold(III) complexes. The experimentally determined reaction parameters (constants of
dissociation and the reaction stoichiometry) were predicted theoretically.

Conclusion:

The presented results offer further support to the view that Na,K-ATPase
may be a relevant biomolecular target for cytotoxic gold(III) compounds of medicinal interest.
Serum Uric Acid and Diabetes: From Pathophysiology to Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Katsiki Niki , Dimitriadis George D. , Mikhailidis Dimitri P.
Published: January 2021

:

Hyperuricemia, has been traditionally related to nephrolithiasis and gout. However, it has also been
associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiometabolic and cardiovascular
diseases. Pathophysiologically, elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels may be associated with abnormal lipid and
glucose metabolism.

:

In this narrative review, we consider the associations between hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, atherosclerosis and
thrombosis. Furthermore, we comment on the available evidence linking elevated SUA levels with the incidence
and outcomes of coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver in subjects
with T2DM. The effects of antidiabetic drugs (e.g. metformin, pioglitazone, sulfonylureas, dipeptidyl peptidase 4
inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and insulin) on
SUA concentrations are also reviewed.
Modulation of Drug Resistance by Limonene: Inhibition of Efflux Pumps in Staphylococcus aureus Strains RN-4220 and IS-58
Authors: de Araújo Ana C.J. , Freitas Priscilla R. , dos Santos Barbosa Cristina R. , Muniz Débora F. , Ribeiro-Filho Jaime , Tintino Saulo R. , Júnior José P.S. , Filho José M.B. , de Sousa Gabriela R. , Coutinho Henrique D.M.
Published: January 2021

Aims::

This study aimed to investigate the potential of limonene as an efflux pump (EP) inhibitor in Staphylococcus aureus strains, RN-4220 and IS-58, which carry EPs for erythromycin (MrsA) and tetracycline (TetK), respectively.

Background::

The evolution of bacterial resistance mechanisms over time has impaired the action of most classes of antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus is a notable bacterium, with high pathogenic potential and demonstrated resistance to conventional antibiotics. Considering the importance of discovering novel compounds to combat antibiotic resistance, our group previously demonstrated the antibacterial properties of limonene, a compound present in the essential oils of several plant species.

Objective::

This study aimed to investigate the potential of limonene as an efflux pump (EP) inhibitor in Staphylococcus aureus strains RN-4220 and IS-58, which carry EPs for erythromycin (MrsA) and tetracycline (TetK), respectively.

Methods:

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of limonene and other efflux pump inhibitors were determined through the broth microdilution method. A reduction in the MIC of ethidium bromide was used as a parameter of EP inhibition.

Result::

While limonene was not shown to exhibit direct antibacterial effects against EP-carrying strains, in association with ethidium bromide and antibiotics, this compound demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity, indicating the inhibition of the MrsA and TetK pumps.

Conclusion::

In conclusion, this pioneering study demonstrated the effectiveness of limonene as an EP inhibitor in S. aureus strains, RN-4220 and IS-58. Nevertheless, further studies are required to characterize the molecular mechanisms associated with limonene-mediated EP inhibition.
A Survey on Analytical Methods for the Characterization of Green Synthesized Nanomaterials
Authors: Catalano Paolo N. , Chaudhary Ratiram G. , Desimone Martín F. , Santo-Orihuela Pablo L.
Published: January 2021

Nowadays, nanotechnologies are well established and the uses of a great variety of nanomaterials
show exponential growth. The development of green synthesis procedures experienced
a great development thanks to the contribution of researchers of diverse origins. The versatility of
green chemistry allows producing a wide range of organic and inorganic nanomaterials with numerous
promising applications. In all cases, it is of paramount importance to carefully characterize the
resulting nanomaterials because their properties will determine their correct performance to accomplish
the function to which they were synthesized or even their detrimental effects like nanotoxicological
behavior. This review provides an overview of frequently employed characterization methods
and their applications for green synthesized nanomaterials. However, while several different nanoscale
materials and their associated green construction methodology are being developed, other
important techniques would be extensively incorporated into this field soon. The aim is to encourage
researchers in the field to employ a variety of these techniques for achieving an exhaustive
characterization of new nanomaterials and for contributing to the development of validated green
synthesis procedures.
Biogenesis and Application of Nickel Nanoparticles: A Review
Authors: Sana Siva S. , Singh Raghvendra P. , Sharma Minaxi , Srivastava Atul K. , Manchanda Geetanjali , Rai Alok R. , Zhang Zhi-Jun
Published: January 2021

Biogenic synthesis of Nanoparticles (NPs) is attractive due to their ecological benefits and cheap, rapid, and sustainable nature. Among them, Nickel Oxide NPs (NiO-NPs) are acquired for their varied catalytic and clinical applications, as they have antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, anticancer, antioxidant, remediation, and enzyme inhibition properties. Though several chemical-dependent methods were applied for the fabrication of nanoparticles, due to their substantial disadvantages, mainly toxicity and higher cost synthesis methods, the more secure, greener, eco-friendly, cost-effective, and synthetic methods are in demand. Greener approaches can take away the arduousness and complications of physicochemical methods. The present review is aimed at displaying the recent advancement related to the catalytic activity, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant application of green synthesized Nickle. In this study, nickle oxide nanoparticles have been highlighted along with their sustainable synthesis options.
Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and Machine Learning Approaches in Precision Medicine & Drug Discovery
Authors: Nayarisseri Anuraj , Khandelwal Ravina , Tanwar Poonam , Madhavi Maddala , Sharma Diksha , Thakur Garima , Speck-Planche Alejandro , Singh Sanjeev Kumar
Published: January 2021

Artificial Intelligence revolutionizes the drug development process that can quickly identify
potential biologically active compounds from millions of candidate within a short period. The present
review is an overview based on some applications of Machine Learning based tools, such as
GOLD, Deep PVP, LIB SVM, etc. and the algorithms involved such as support vector machine
(SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), etc. at various stages
of drug designing and development. These techniques can be employed in SNP discoveries, drug
repurposing, ligand-based drug design (LBDD), Ligand-based Virtual Screening (LBVS) and Structure-
based Virtual Screening (SBVS), Lead identification, quantitative structure-activity relationship
(QSAR) modeling, and ADMET analysis. It is demonstrated that SVM exhibited better performance
in indicating that the classification model will have great applications on human intestinal absorption
(HIA) predictions. Successful cases have been reported which demonstrate the efficiency of SVM and
RF models in identifying JFD00950 as a novel compound targeting against a colon cancer cell line,
DLD-1, by inhibition of FEN1 cytotoxic and cleavage activity. Furthermore, a QSAR model was also
used to predict flavonoid inhibitory effects on AR activity as a potent treatment for diabetes mellitus
(DM), using ANN. Hence, in the era of big data, ML approaches have been evolved as a powerful
and efficient way to deal with the huge amounts of generated data from modern drug discovery to
model small-molecule drugs, gene biomarkers and identifying the novel drug targets for various diseases.
A Therapeutic Journey of 5-Pyrazolones as a Versatile Scaffold: A Review
Authors: Sharma Ravinder , Chawla Pooja A. , Chawla Viney , Verma Rajeev , Nawal Nandita , Gupta Vikas
Published: January 2021

A sizeable proportion of currently marketed drugs come from heterocycles. The heterocyclic
moiety 5-pyrazolone is well known five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Derivatives of this
wonder nucleus have exhibited activities as diverse as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
antidepressant, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, antitubercular, antioxidant,
anticancer and antiviral, including action against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or 3C
protease inhibitor. A number of drugs based on this motif have already made it to the market. Standard
texts and literature on medicinal chemistry cite different approaches for the synthesis of 5-
pyrazolones. The present review provides an insight view to 5-pyrazolone synthesis, their biological
profile and structure-activity relationship studies.
Liver Damage Produced by Malnutrition is Improved by Dietary Supplementation in Mice: Assessment of a Supplement Based on Buriti (A Cerrado Fruit) and Dairy By-products
Authors: Bicalho Audrey Handyara , do Santos Fabio Ribeiro , Moreira Daniele Cristina , Oliveira Luis Paulo , Machado Amanda Souto , Farias Lucyana , DE Paula Alfredo Mauricio Batista , Guimarães André Luis Sena , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa
Published: January 2021

Background:

Malnutrition induced by dietary restriction produces several metabolic
changes that affect body weight, the digestive system, and annex organs, including the liver. Malnutrition
generates an inflammatory state and increases oxidative stress. The liver is one of the
body vital organs, becoming necessary to analyze the impact of food supplementation on the repair
of possible changes that may occur in this organ due to malnutrition.

Aims:

To evaluate the effects of a low-cost supplementation derived from Buriti and dairy byproducts
on liver recovery in malnourished mice, focusing on the expression of oxidative stressrelated
genes, as well as biochemical and histological parameters.

Methods:

Swiss mice were divided into six groups and submitted to two treatment phases: food restriction,
for malnutrition onset; and renutrition, with mice being fed with different diets.

Results:

Our results indicate that dietary supplementation was successful in recovering liver damage
caused by malnutrition in animal models. The new supplement has been shown to recover liver
damage with similar or superior results compared to the commercial reference supplement on the
market.

Conclusion:

Our work presents a new composition of low cost food supplement based on buriti
and dairy by-products, proven to be effective in the malnutrition treatment of malnutrition. The improvements
were proven through the recovery of body weight, reduction of inflammation and oxidative
stress.
Research on Fog Resource Scheduling based on Cloud-fog Collaboration Technology in the Electric Internet of Things
Authors: Zhu Youchan , Wang Yingzi , Liang Weixuan
Published: January 2021

Background:

With the further development of the electric Internet of Things (eIoT), IoT
devices in the distributed network generate data with different frequencies and types.

Objective:

Fog platform is located between the smart collected terminal and cloud platform, and the
resources of fog computing are limited, which affects the delay of service processing time and response
time.

Methods:

In this paper, an algorithm of fog resource scheduling and load balancing is proposed.
First, the fog devices divide the tasks into high or low priority. Then, the fog management nodes
cluster the fog nodes through the K-mean+ algorithm and implement the earliest deadline first
dynamic (EDFD) task scheduling algorithm and De-REF neural network load balancing algorithm.

Results:

We use tools to simulate the environment, and the results show that this method has strong
advantages in -30% response time, -50% scheduling time, delay, -50% load balancing rate, and energy
consumption, which provides a better guarantee for eIoT.

Conclusion:

Resource scheduling is an important factor affecting system performance. This article
mainly addresses the needs of eIoT in terminal network communication delay, connection failure,
and resource shortage. A new method of resource scheduling and load balancing is proposed. The
evaluation was performed, and it proved that our proposed algorithm has better performance than
the previous method, which brings new opportunities for the realization of eIoT.
Heating Characteristics of Palm Oil Industry Solid Waste and Plastic Waste Mixture using a Microwave Oven
Authors: Caroko Novi , Saptoadi Harwin , Rohmat Tri Agung
Published: January 2021

A microwave thermogravimetric analyzer was used to measure the characteristics of a mixture of palm oil solid waste (fiber, shell, and empty fruit bunch) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In the study, the range of palm oil solid waste composition ratios to PET used was 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100 (by weight). The study included the influence of the quality of raw material on the heating process. The mixture of palm oil solid waste (fiber, shell, and empty fruit bunch) and PET proved to impact the heating rate, mass-loss rate, and energy consumption. Based on the observation, empty fruit bunch-PET mixture had the highest heating rate (average 1.5039oC/s) than shell (average 0.6058oC/s), and fiber (0.9119oC/s) and also had the highest mass-loss rate (average 0.0253 g/s). The highest biomass (shell, empty fruit bunch, and fiber) and PET composition ratio give the highest rate of heating rate (average 1.8264oC/s) and mass-loss rate (average 0.02875 g/s). In addition, the increasing ratio of fixed carbon and material density will impact the increasing heating rate and mass-loss rate and decrease energy consumption. Therefore, fixed carbon and material gaps significantly affect the heating rate.
Thermochemical Characterization of Rice Husk (Oryza Sativa Linn) for Power Generation
Authors: Radenahmad Nikdalila , Reza Md Sumon , Bakar Muhammad S. Abu , Azad Abul K.
Published: January 2021

Rice husk is biomass that can be utilized as fuel for biomass gasification as a renewable energy source. In this paper, thermochemical methods were used to determine the higher heating values, moisture content, bulk density, pellet density, microstructure, and elemental composition of Thai Rice Husk (Oryza Sativa Linn). The heating energy was analyzed using a bomb calorimeter, which showed a higher heating value of 15.46 MJ/kg. Determination of pellet density through rice husk powder pelletization exhibited a value of 1.028 g/cm3, while moisture content was 5.017 wt%. The heating value and moisture content revealed good agreement with the literature values, indicating the potentiality of rice hush for energy generation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the raw rice husk and its ash have similar porosity types but different bulk structure.  Elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) indicated that rice husk contains O, Si, C while O and C percentages were drastically decreased during combustion. The obtained heating value and moisture content proved that rice husk could be used as a bio-energy source in biomass gasification for power generation.
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup pada Pasien Diabetik Retinopati Berdasarkan Tingkat Keparahan Visus
Authors: Ikakusumawati Novita Dhewi , Magistasari Dewi , Yuhara Novena Adi , Andayani Tri Murti , Supanji Supanji , Kristina Susi Ari
Published: January 2021

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) which incidence increases with the high prevalence of DM. The presence of these complications will affect quality of life, especially vision-related. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of life in RD patients assessed using the VFQ-25 and EQ-5D questionnaires, and to determine the of quality of life based on the visual acuity (VA) severity. This study was an observational study in outpatient with diabetic retinopathy during October 2018 – Januari 2019 period, in RSUP dr. Sardjito and RS Mata Dr. YAP, Yogyakarta. The design of this study was cross sectional which observed quality of life and vision. Quality of life was measured by specific for vision instrument (NEI-VFQ-25)  and  generic instrument  (EQ-5D-5L). The number of patients in this study were 100 patients with an average age of 55 years, the most frequent type of RD was 84% proliferative RD. The average quality of life scores in RD patients measured using the VFQ-25 and EQ-5D utility questionnaires were 64.1 ± 16.2 and 0.61 ± 0.24, respectively. Based on VFQ-25, the most affected subscales were driving, dependence, and role difficulties subscale. Meanwhile, domains that have the most problems with the EQ-5D were pain / discomfort and anxiety / depression (78%). The total VFQ-25 score decreased with increasing visual severity, i.e. normal / mild (n = 19) 73.50 ± 15.08; moderate (n = 15) 68.14 ± 15.33; and severe (n = 66) 60.48 ± 15.64. The EQ-5D utility score showed a similar pattern, with scores of 0.66 ± 0.27 (normal / mild); 0.65 ± 0.22 (medium); and 0.59 ± 0.24 (severe); respectively. The higher severity of visual acuity so the quality of life become lower.
Evaluasi Perencanaan Persediaan Antibiotik Secara Kuantitatif Di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Tipe A
Authors: Laurensia Venna , Achmad Gusti Noorrizka Veronika , Diniya Raswita , Soeliono Ivonne
Published: January 2021

Planning an inventory of antibiotics that are not good will cause problems in planning, which are over-supply of antibiotics (stagnant) and lack of antibiotic stock (stockout). In this study an quantitative evaluation of antibiotic inventory planning was carried out using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Maximum-Minimum Stock Level (MMSL) control methods in 2017 at Type A Hospital’s Pharmacy Department. The EOQ method aims to minimize the number of orders while the MMSL method is used to determine the minimum and maximum stock of antibiotics that must be ordered. The results were compared with the need for 2018 then calculations are carried out to determine the amount of stagnant and stockout antibiotics. The number of antibiotics that were stagnant by EOQ method simulation was 44.73% and by MMSL method was 48.02%, while the number of antibiotics stocked by EOQ method was 38.15% and by MMSL method was 42.76%. The category of antibiotic supplies in 2018 in real terms which was included in a stagnant state was 23.68%, stockout ie 55.26% of 152 antibiotics. Evaluation of antibiotic inventory planning using the EOQ method results in the calculation of lower order quantities while the number of orders with MMSL is higher. To find out more broadly about the evaluation of inventory planning in the hospital needed further research by taking into account all drugs not just antibiotics.
The Effectiveness of Zoledronic Acid and Ibandronic Acid in Delaying Skeletal-Related Events in Multiple Myeloma in Indonesia
Authors: Sayuti Nutrisia Aquariushinta , Andayani Tri Murti , Endarti Dwi , Widayati Kartika
Published: January 2021

Zoledronic acid and ibandronic acid are listed in the Indonesian national formulary to prevent skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients diagnosed with bone metastasis in multiple myeloma (MM), with limited evidence to compare their effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and safety of zoledronic acid and ibandronic acid in delaying SRE. The method was the retrospective, with data obtained from the multicenter study for MM patients with bone metastasis (aged over 18 years), based on medical records between January 2016 and December 2018. Patients were assigned to zoledronic acid and ibandronic acid groups. The clinical outcome was the next SRE which consists of vertebral/bone fracture, spinal cord compression leading to the need for surgery or radiation, and adverse event (AE) due to 2 years of drugs usage. Result of this research was made up of a total of seventy (70) patients with  40  in the zoledronic acid group, and 30 in ibandronic acid. At median treatment duration of 8 months (range: 2 – 24 month), SRE incident in zoledronic acid and ibandronic acid were 20.0 % and 23.3 % respectively. Furthermore, their mean SRE free survival times were 21 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 19 - 23 months], and 19 months [95% CI, 16 – 22 months], respectively. Also, their time intervals were not significantly different (p>0.05). The osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was AE which occurred more in zoledronic acid than ibandronic acid. The conclusion was zoledronic acid tends to delay SRE time compared to ibandronic acid, although more ONJ occur.
Adverse Drug Reactions Study of Antihypertensive Drugs in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Farida Yeni , Tsalatsatun Kharimah Faizathus
Published: January 2021

Hypertension is one of the high-prevalence diseases in primary care. Failure to achieve the target of blood pressure is affected by non-compliance due to the antihypertensive adverse reactions. This study aims to determine adverse drug reaction (ADR) of antihypertensive drugs in primary care settings. A cross sectional study was conducted in “Sibela” Primary Care in Surakarta on March 2019. Investigators interviewed patients directly and observed supporting data from medical records. Hypertension patients with antihypertensive drugs at least for a month were eligible in this study.  Then, the data were analyzed by the Liverpool algorithm that interpreted in 4 scales: unlikely, possible, probable, and definite.  A total 70 subject were dominated by female (80%). Monotherapy of antihypertensive drugs prescribed to patient in primary care were amlodipine (80%) and captopril (10%). Nine events of ADR were found in hypertension patient. None ADR were doubtful. Possible ADR of amlodipine was drowsiness (5.4%), whereas probable ADR were nausea (3.4%), diuresis (1.8%), and abdominal pain (1.8 %). Definite ADR of captopril was dry mouth (14.3%) and probable ADR was abdominal pain (14.3%). Further investigation regarding the drowsiness, ADR of amlodipine, was needed.
The Usage of Dosing GAMA Application to Evaluate the Appropriateness of Drug Doses in Hospitalized Patients with Renal Impairment
Authors: Gunarsih Vidiya , Rahmawati Fita , Wahyono Djoko
Published: January 2021

An application named ‘Dosing GAMA’ has developed for drug doses adjustment in patients with renal and hepar impairment. Dosing GAMA is targeted for clinical Pharmacists to calculate and make dose recommendations for patients, based on renal and hepatic conditions. This study aims to identify the appropriateness of drug dosage adjustment by using Dosing GAMA application in hospitalized patients with renal impairment and to determine the risk factors for the drug dose inappropriateness. This study was a retrospective observational descriptive study, cross-sectional design, used a consecutive sampling technique. The source of the data was Medical Record of hospitalized patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤50 mL/min) from 2018 of February till 2020 of March in the Academic Hospital of UGM. The names and the doses of the drugs were filled to Dosing GAMA application, and it would evaluate the appropriateness of drug doses. There were 570 drugs of 73 medical records included in this study. This study revealed Dosing GAMA could assess 144 drugs (25,6%) need to adjust, and 82 drugs (56,9%) were inappropriate doses. There were significant correlations of the age characteristic (p=0,000) and the creatinine clearance value (p=0,012) to the drugs dose appropriateness. There were inappropriate doses need to adjust in the hospital. So, the use of health-based technology expected for pharmacists to improve the use of drugs rationally.
The cunning of stupidity
Authors: Yuran Noam
Published: January 2021

I want to start with a joke, which I believe should be attributed to the Jewish Italian comedian Moni Ovadia. A Jew tries to convince a gentile friend to buy a barrel of tuna fish from him. The friend is reluctant - what can he do with a barrel of fish? - but the Jew keeps nagging until he succumbs. A few days later the two meet, and the Jew notices his friend's fallen face. “What happened, is everything alright?” he inquires. “Don't ask”, the friend answers. “I opened the barrel and it was awful. The fish was all rotten”. “Have you gone out of your mind?!” the Jew replies. “It is not for eating! It is for buying and selling!”
Estranging the loop
Authors: Jameson Fredric
Published: January 2021

Loops make a fitful, but not insignificant appearance in Amin Samman's History in Financial Times. Loops must, to be effective, come with a shock. Oscar Wilde's related formula, “Nature imitates art”, has faded, by now, into banality. The domestication of the term ‘feedback loop’, endowed with the appropriate pseudo-scientificity, has made it so self-evident as to stifle any possible philosophical content. The expression ‘always already’ - dense with temporal theory - has long since lost its Althusserian overtones and passed into everyday syntax.
Gobernanza criminal. Cogobiernos entre políticos y paramilitares en Colombia
Authors: Duque Daza Javier
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación en torno a la caracterización de las relaciones entre políticos regionales, partidos y organizaciones criminales en Colombia. El análisis recurre al concepto de gobernanza criminal y a un enfoque que la asocia con factores de índole político. Se adopta una estrategia metodológica basada en la QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) y se presentan las respectivas evidencias empíricas. Este es un trabajo innovador en Colombia, ya que permite diferenciar tipos de gestión pública de acuerdo con la incidencia de las organizaciones ilegales en ellas, para el caso de estudio, de los grupos paramilitares que interactuaron con partidos, y facciones partidistas, y las estructuras locales de poder. Entre sus hallazgos están las caracterizaciones de este tipo de gestión, la explicación de los factores que la hicieron posible y los efectos que produjeron en la democracia local.
Programa computacional para generar estructuras de alias de diseños factoriales fraccionados de niveles mixtos
Authors: Salmorán Lopéz Edgar , Rios Lira Armando Javier , Pantoja Pacheco Yaquelin Verenice
Published: January 2021

El propósito de este documento es mostrar el desarrollo de un programa codificado en MATLAB que tiene como objetivo facilitar la construcción de las estructuras de alias de diseños fraccionados de niveles mixtos. El programa es capaz de construir estructuras de alias de diseños fraccionados de niveles mixtos de 2 a 9 nueve factores sin restricción del número de corridas. Además, realiza una búsqueda de correlaciones fuertes entre efectos principales lo que evita al experimentador la selección de un diseño en el que los efectos principales estén confundidos entre sí. Imagine que el experimentador requiere construir la estructura de alias de una matriz de diseño de 9 factores con 30 corridas, lo que involucra operaciones matemáticas básica, operaciones matriciales y el análisis de una matriz de correlaciones de tamaño 129 × 129, esto le tomaría como mínimo 3 horas si dominara el método y además utilizara una hoja de cálculo. Por lo tanto, con este programa se pretende facilitar la construcción de estructuras de alias anulando la incertidumbre de errores de cálculo e interpretativos, adicional a la reducción del tiempo. El experimentador podrá conocer la estructura de alias de una fracción de un diseño de niveles mixtos de manera sencilla pudiendo concentrarse en aquella que le proporcione la mayor información de los términos de su interés. Este trabajo está limitado a mostrar el algoritmo que se codificó en MATLAB para la construcción de estructuras de alias de los diseños factoriales fraccionados de niveles mixtos más no la eficiencia del método para mostrar estas estructuras.
MEDIATING EFFECT OF SELF-EFFICACY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSTRUCTION AND STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL REASONING
Authors: Mukuka Angel , Mutarutinya Védaste , Balimuttajjo Sudi
Published: January 2021

Literature is well-stocked with studies confirming that an instructional approach, self-efficacy, and mathematical reasoning skills are critical for enhancing students’ conceptual understanding and achievement in mathematics. However, there has been little emphasis on establishing whether being able to reason mathematically depends only on the instructional approach or students’ self-efficacy beliefs about mathematics also play a hidden role. A quasi-experimental study involving 301 grade 11 students from six public secondary schools in one district was carried out to investigate the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between instruction and students’ mathematical reasoning. Participants of the study were selected using the cluster random sampling method. Data were collected before and after the intervention via a mathematical reasoning test and a mathematics self-efficacy beliefs questionnaire. A Parallel Multiple Mediator Model in SPSS using the PROCESS custom dialogue version 3.4 was employed for data analysis. Findings suggest that mathematics self-efficacy and task-specific self-efficacy beliefs collectively and significantly mediate the effect of the instructional approach on students’ mathematical reasoning. The Student Teams-Achievement Division (STAD) was found to be an effective approach for enhancing students’ mathematical reasoning alongside self-efficacy beliefs. These findings provide evidence on the need to select an instructional approach that does not only focus on developing students’ cognitive abilities such as mathematical reasoning but also fosters students’ affective attributes such as maths self-efficacy beliefs.
Analisis Spasial Kasus Malaria di Kabupaten Banyumas Tahun 2009-2018
Authors: Dhaniasri Destika , Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri , Raharjo Setyowati
Published: January 2021

Malaria is still a public health problem in the Banyumas district. Spatial information can be used as a strategy to control malaria. This study aimed to describe malaria cases using spatial analysis in the Banyumas District from 2009 to 2018 based on environmental conditions. This research was quantitative method conducted by a descriptive spatial approach. Data collected by secondary data which was obtained from various sources such as Health Agency, Statistics Indonesia, Indonesian Ministry of National Development, National Institute of Research and Development, and Office of Public Works of Banyumas. The data analysis implemented was descriptive and processed with ArcGis software. The findings illustrated that the number of malaria cases during the 2009-2018 period in Banyumas district was 1624 cases. The most dominant malaria cases distribution were in Sumpiuh and Tambak Subdistrict. The Trend of API from 2009 to 2018 was getting better, 2009 to 2012 found that there were subdistricts with Moderate Case Incidence (MCI) and High Case Incidence (HCI), however, Low Case Incidence (LCI) was present in 2013 to 2018 in Sumpiuh and Kebasen subdistricts and the rests were free from malaria. The results of spatial analysis discovered that most of the malaria cases were in the medium population density area. The distribution of malaria cases has decreased significantly, even though the environmental conditions still potentially transmit malaria.
Sweet syndrome with differentiation syndrome related to Enasidenib
Authors: Mohamed Amr
Published: January 2021

Rash is frequently seen in patients with leukemia either as a sequence
of thrombocytopenia, or as result of infection or allergic drug rash,
however sometimes rash is pointing towards fatal complications of
underlying drug therapy or underlying disease , not being aware of these
alarming signs can have fatal consequences.
Correlation of optical signal during laser fusion welding of copper to aluminum
Authors: Mathivanan Karthik , Plapper Peter
Published: January 2021

Laser joining of dissimilar metals, copper and aluminum, allows for the precise delivery of laser energy and high process speed. The keyhole-based process is very efficient for welding Al–Cu, considering the high reflectivity and thermal conductivity of the materials joined. For the Al–Cu system, the formation of detrimental intermetallic compounds is the main issue. Fusion welding with laser as a heat source involves the melting of metals. However, the high speed of the laser welding process is advantageous for terminating the excessive melting of Al and Cu and eventually controlling the detrimental intermetallic phases. Therefore, information pertaining to melted material is an important criterion for achieving joint strength. In this paper, the photodiode signal measured during the laser welding of Cu to Al is investigated as a process monitoring technique. In welding from Cu to Al, the melting of Al (bottom sheet) is very critical for joint strength. The amount of Al material that can be intermixed in Cu depends on the solubility limit of the Al–Cu system. The plasma plume emission during laser welding is used to extract the rapid melting of Al. This study shows the correlation of the Al characteristic peak at a wavelength of 396 nm with the shear strength of the joint.
Ulkoinen vaikuttaminen ja sen vastakeinot suomalaisessa journalismissa
Authors: Hiltunen Ilmari
Published: January 2021

Journalismin autonomiaan ja journalisteihin kohdistuvat uhat ovat viime vuosina nousseet uudella tavalla näkyviksi Suomen julkisessa keskustelussa. Tutkimusta aiheesta on kuitenkin tehty vähän. Tämä artikkeli tarkastelee laadullisesti suomalaisten journalistien kokemuksia ulkoisesta vaikuttamisesta ja journalistien vaikuttamisen torjumiseen käyttämiä vastakeinoja. Ulkoiseksi vaikuttamiseksi määritellään kaikki sellaiset aktiiviset menetelmät, joilla ulkopuoliset toimijat pyrkivät puuttumaan journalismin autonomian alaan ja vaikuttamaan journalisteihin. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu journalistien teemahaastatteluista (n=31) ja sidosryhmien kanssa tehdyistä taustahaastatteluista (n=4). Sovelletun teema-analyysin perusteella journalistien kohtaamat ulkoisen vaikuttamisen menetelmät luokitellaan kuuteen ryhmään: 1) tiedonsaantiin kohdistuvat, 2) psykologiset, 3) fyysiset, 4) institutionaaliset, 5) taloudelliset ja 6) tietotekniset menetelmät. Tutkimushavaintojen perustella ulkoisen vaikuttamisen nykytilaa selittävät sekä journalismiin että yhteiskuntaan liittyvät kehityskulut, kuten toimitusten resurssien heikkeneminen, viestintätoiminnan lisääntyminen, tiedotusvälineiden ongelmat taloudellisten ansaintamallien löytämisessä ja yleisön suunnasta tulevien vaikutuspyrkimysten  lisääntyminen. Tiedotusvälineiden kyvyllä vastata näihin haasteisiin voikin tulevaisuudessa olla merkittäviä seurauksia suomalaisen journalismin itsenäisyydelle ja autonomialle.
Investigating Determinants of Bay’ Salam Financing Product for Agricultural Sector in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: AHMED UMAR , FIDA BASHIR AHMAD
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of Bay’ Salam financing product for the agricultural sector in Oman. A survey is conducted using wellstructured questionnaires to identify the factors that determines viability of Bay Salam financing product for the agricultural sector. The statistical tools used for the analysis are factor analysis and descriptive statistics. The factor analysis results demonstrate that operational costs, profitability and risk mitigation strategies are the most important factors that banks need to take into consideration when financing the agricultural sector using Bay’ Salam. Therefore, we suggest that Islamic banks in Oman should adopt Bay’ Salam as an alternative Islamic product to finance the agricultural sector. Moreover, the Central Bank is encouraged to allow Islamic banks to adopt this product given that it will assist the government in achieving its 2040 vision.
Arena Produksi Kultural Kerajinan Kulit di Surakarta Dalam Tren Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Elfena Lisa , Nurhadi Nurhadi , Nurcahyono Okta Hadi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang; (1) hubungan antara produksi sub sektor kriya dengan naiknya kelas sosial pemuda; (2) cara-cara yang ditempuh oleh pengrajin untuk mengatasi persoalan terkait dengan produksi kriya kulit. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Jumlah informan sebanyak 8 orang pengrajin kerajinan kulit di Surakarta. Peneliti memilih kerajinan kulit Kota Surakarta karena sarat akan nilai budaya yang dimiliki oleh produsen. Kemudian, data divalidasi menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis interaktif. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teori praktik terutama pemikiran Pierre Bourdieu. Penelitian ini menemukan bagaimana strategi dan pertarungan antar agen, proses produksi makna hingga analisis terkait logika kapital dan kelas sosial. Arena produksi kultural seni kriya kulit di Surakarta dalam tren ekonomi kreatif terbentuk dari struktur arena yang terdapat posisi-posisi para agen yang membentuk produk budaya. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan pembahuruan dari teori Bourdieu tentang konsep fashion yang lebih komprehensif terhadap situasi saat ini.
Relationship Between Andragogy Trainer Competencies With the Motivation to Learn Training Participants Third Public Speaking Padang
Authors: Novitri Rika , Aini Wirdatul
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the low learning motivation of the Haus Public Speaking training participants in Padang City, this is presumably because it has something to do with the andragogical competence of the Trainer in the Haus Public speaking Training in Padang City. This study aims to see an overview of the andragogical competence of the trainer, the description of learning motivation, and the relationship between the andragogical competence of the trainer and the learning motivation of the participants in the Haus Public Speaking training in Padang City. The approach to this research is quantitative with descriptive correlational research. The population in this study was 25 participants in the Haus Public Speaking training in Padang City and a sample of 70%, namely 17 people. The sampling technique was random sampling. In this study, data collection using a questionnaire or questionnaire with the data collection tool in the form of a questionnaire guide. The data analysis technique in this study used a percentage formula and rank-order correlation. The results of this study indicate that the andragogical competence of the trainer is quite low, the learning motivation of the participants is still low, and there is a significant relationship between the andragogical competence of the trainer and the learning motivation of the public speaking training participants. Suggestions are to the managers of the public speaking training program to further improve the quality of learning in public speaking training. To trainers, so they can improve their competence as educators, especially andragogical competence in public speaking training. It is hoped that in other studies, we can see some other factors that have not been examined in this study.Keywords: Andragogical Competence, Learning Motivation
Morphological Character Analysis of Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson Lac., 1800) in Sunda Strait
Authors: Oktavia Swastika , Setiawan Usman , Nurpadiana Hilda
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics of mackerel the Sunda Strait. The method used was the survey method. A simple random sampling technique was used to determine the sample. The morphometric characteristics measurements covered the length, snout, dorsal fin, and tail. The meristic measurements covered the number of fish body parts, namely the spines on the fins. The data obtained in this study were analyzed using a t-test to find out the real differences in each morphometric and meristic character with different body weights and sexes. The results showed that the weight affects the morphometric size of a fish where the studied samples had the same meristic characteristics.Analisis Karakter Morfologi Ikan Tenggiri (Scomberomorus commerson Lac., 1800) di Perairan Selat SundaAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter morfometrik dan meristik pada ikan tenggiri di Perairan Selat Sunda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Pengukuran karakter morfometrik meliputi panjang standar, moncong, sirip punggung, dan ekor. Pengukuran meristik meliputi jumlah bagian tubuh ikan yaitu jari-jari serta duri pada sirip. Data yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji  untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang nyata pada setiap karakter morfometrik dan meristik dengan bobot tubuh dan jenis kelamin yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa bobot berpengaruh terhadap ukuran morfometrik suatu ikan dan sampel yang diteliti memiliki karakter meristik yang sama.
The Representation of Gender Neutrality in Indonesian Physics Textbooks: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Gumilar Surya , Amalia Irma Fitria
Published: January 2021

Gender issues in Indonesia are pivotal issues in science/physics textbooks and any aspects of life. As learning resources commonly utilized in the science classroom, physics textbooks should present gender neutrality to urge women's contribution to science. They are frequently considered less performance than those men in science. However, in the Indonesian context, few studies of gender representation in the physics textbook are conducted. Therefore, this present study investigates gender stereotypes in Indonesian physics textbooks based on social actor criteria. A Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative research method employed to analyze gender neutrality discourse. The use of visual artifacts that refer to the representation of both men and women in the textbooks were utilized to emerge the roles of men and women in three frameworks: laboratory activities, physics application in daily life, and roles of men and women in the family. This present study's findings revealed that representation both men and women were almost to have the same representations based on three of these frameworks. Finally, this present study's implication is to underpin the woman representation to contribute to science activities.