bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multivariate genome-wide analysis of aging-related traits identifies novel loci and new drug targets for healthy aging
Authors: Rosoff Daniel B. , Mavromatis Lucas A. , Bell Andrew S. , Wagner Josephin , Jung Jeesun , Marioni Riccardo E. , Davey Smith George , Horvath Steve , Lohoff Falk W.
Published: August 2023

The concept of aging is complex, including many related phenotypes such as healthspan, lifespan, extreme longevity, frailty and epigenetic aging, suggesting shared biological underpinnings; however, aging-related endpoints have been primarily assessed individually. Using data from these traits and multivariate genome-wide association study methods, we modeled their underlying genetic factor (‘mvAge’). mvAge (effective n = ~1.9 million participants of European ancestry) identified 52 independent variants in 38 genomic loci. Twenty variants were novel (not reported in input genome-wide association studies). Transcriptomic imputation identified age-relevant genes, including VEGFA and PHB1. Drug-target Mendelian randomization with metformin target genes showed a beneficial impact on mvAge (P value = 8.41 × 10−5). Similarly, genetically proxied thiazolidinediones (P value = 3.50 × 10−10), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibition (P value = 1.62 × 10−6), angiopoietin-like protein 4, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers also had beneficial Mendelian randomization estimates. Extending the drug-target Mendelian randomization framework to 3,947 protein-coding genes prioritized 122 targets. Together, these findings will inform future studies aimed at improving healthy aging.
Quantitative imaging of the sub-organ distributions of nanomaterials in biological tissuesvialaser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Jantarat Teerapong , Lauterbach Joshua D. , Doungchawee Jeerapat , Agrohia Dheeraj K. , Vachet Richard W.
Published: August 2023

Quantitative imaging of nanomaterials in sub-organ regions using gelatin-based standards.
Seaweed-like phosphates/MOF heterostructures as a synergistic electrocatalyst for alcohol oxidation
Authors: Sun Ya-Ya , Luo Jia-Yang , Wu Xue-Qian , Wu Ya-Pan , Li Shuang , Yin Ya-Meng , Ma Hui-Juan , Chi Ruan , Li Dong-Sheng
Published: August 2023

A series of seaweed-like MOF-based heterogeneous electrocatalysts were successfully synthesized, which exhibit excellent catalytic performances toward alcohol oxidation reactions in alkaline medium.
An in-cell spin-labelling methodology provides structural information on cytoplasmic proteins in bacteria
Authors: Shenberger Yulia , Gevorkyan-Airapetov Lada , Hirsch Melanie , Hofmann Lukas , Ruthstein Sharon
Published: August 2023

EPR in-cell spin-labeling was applied to CueR in E. coli.
A computationally-guided non-equilibrium synthesis approach to materials discovery in the SrO–Al2O3–SiO2 phase field
Authors: Duncan Euan M. , Ridouard Amandine , Fayon Franck , Veron Emmanuel , Genevois Cécile , Allix Mathieu , Collins Christopher M. , Pitcher Michael J.
Published: August 2023

Glass-crystallisation synthesis is harnessed to probe structure prediction in a search for new inorganic compounds, yielding a new ribbon silicate Sr2Si3O8.
Effective assessment of lanthanide ion delivery into live cells by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Jia-Liang , Yang Yin , Shi Tiesheng , Su Xun-Cheng
Published: August 2023

The citrate-Ln3+ complex is an efficient and mild reagent over free Ln3+ for live cell delivery assessed by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy.
Photoinduced electron transfer between a noble-metal-free [Mo6I8Cl6]2− cluster and polyoxometalates
Authors: Fatima Anam , Smortsova Yevheniia , Falaise Clément , Leclerc Nathalie , Haouas Mohamed , Cadot Emmanuel , Cordier Stéphane , Molard Yann , Pino Thomas , Dablemont Céline , Méallet Rachel , Steenkeste Karine , Ha-Thi Minh-Huong
Published: August 2023

The photoinduced electron transfer between an electron-rich cluster and polyoxometalates has been demonstrated and paves the way for the design of all-inorganic noble-metal-free photocatalytic systems for clean energy generation.
Multitarget inhibitors/probes that target LRRK2 and AURORA A kinases noncovalently and covalently
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Xuan , Tang Guanghui , Zhu Chengjun , Xiang Menghua , Xiao Qicai , Zhang Zhi-Min , Gao Liqian , Yao Shao Q.
Published: August 2023

In this work, we report the first cell-active inhibitors/probes that target LRRK2 and AURKA noncovalently and covalently.
Excited-state singlet–triplet inversion in hexagonal aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds
Authors: Sobolewski Andrzej L. , Domcke Wolfgang
Published: August 2023

The inversion of the energies of the lowest singlet (S1) and lowest triplet (T1) excited states in violation of Hund's multiplicity rule is a rare phenomenon in stable organic molecules.
Atomic autoionization in the photo-dissociation of super-excited deuterated water molecules fragmenting into D+ + O+ + D
Authors: Iskandar W. , Rescigno T. N. , Orel A. E. , Larsen K. A. , Griffin B. , Call D. , Davis V. , Jochim B. , Severt T. , Williams J. B. , Ben-Itzhak I. , Slaughter D. S. , Weber Th.
Published: August 2023

Creation of a super-excited radical water cation results in a long-lived excited oxygen fragment that can act as a destructive carrier and initiate secondary reactions such as breakup of DNA strands – a key radiation damage mechanism.
Unravelling the chain growth mechanism in Cr/NNN-catalysed ethylene oligomerization
Authors: Peng Jiale , Zhu Mengyu , Chen Long , Liu Zhen
Published: August 2023

Density functional theory (DFT) methods were employed to explore the inherent chain growth mechanism targeting a special and controversial Cr/NNN ethylene oligomerization system.
Environment-friendly fluoride-free membranes from plasma-activated hydrophilic PES and alkylsilanes applied in MD: grafting optimization, surface properties, and performance
Authors: Nguyen Hieu Trung , Huynh Linh Gia , Wang Ya-Fen , Bui Xuan-Thanh , You Sheng-Jie
Published: August 2023

Optimized plasma treatments and alkyl grafting-induced hydrophobization of PES membranes for MD. Covalent bonds between alkylsilane and PES. Oxygen atmosphere after plasma results in higher WCA. The higher the grafting layer, the higher the WCA is.
Probing membrane hydration in microfluidic polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzers via operando synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Krause Kevin , Garcia Marine , Michau Dominique , Clisson Gérald , Billinghurst Brant , Battaglia Jean-Luc , Chevalier Stéphane
Published: August 2023

The hydration of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) in water-splitting electrolyzers has been directly linked to improved performance. We present a novel platform for characterizing the PEM hydration in operando via synchrotron infrared spectroscopy.
A review on plant derived carbon quantum dots for bio-imaging
Authors: S. Ashok Kumar , M. Dheeraj Kumar , Saikia Mowsam , N. Renuga Devi , A. Subramania
Published: August 2023

The present review summarizes the development of plant derived CQDs, synthesis methods, modification strategies, characterization techniques, properties, and application of CQDs for advanced bio-imaging.
Synergistic redox enhancement: silver phosphate augmentation for optimizing magnesium copper phosphate in efficient energy storage devices and oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Hassan Haseebul , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Al-Shaalan Nora Hamad , Alharthi Sarah , Alqarni Nawal D. , Amin Mohammed A. , Afzal Amir Muhammad
Published: August 2023

The implementation of battery-like electrode materials with complicated hollow structures, large surface areas, and excellent redox properties is an attractive strategy to improve the performance of hybrid supercapacitors.
Design, preparation and characterization of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin-based deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Kovač Martina Jakovljević , Molnar Maja , Jednačak Tomislav , Balić Tomislav , Novak Jurica
Published: August 2023

Two coumarin-based deep eutectic solvents were prepared. The solvents were less polar than water. NMR, IR and computational methods revealed strong hydrogen bonding between components.
Structure and magnetic characterization of some bicompartmental [N6O2] divalent metal(ii) complexes using bis(phenolato) ligands bearing two pendant bis(pyridyl) amine arms
Authors: Mautner Franz A. , Fischer Roland C. , Torvisco Ana , Nakashima Kai , Handa Makoto , Mikuriya Masahiro , Salem Nahed M. H. , Overby Gabriel J. , Maier Madison R. , Louka Febee R. , Massoud Salah S.
Published: August 2023

Several multinuclear bicompartmental bis(phenolato) M(ii) complexes were structurally and magnetically characterized.
Correction: Highly efficient post-synthetically modified UiO-66 MOF for the extraction of Pd(ii) from aqueous solutions: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Sengupta Somnath , Sahoo Madhusmita , Sravani V. Venkata , Sreenivasulu B. , Rao C. V. S. Brahmananda , Suresh A.
Published: August 2023

Correction for ‘Highly efficient post-synthetically modified UiO-66 MOF for the extraction of Pd(ii) from aqueous solutions: experimental and theoretical studies’ by Somnath Sengupta et al., New J. Chem., 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3nj02770h.
Scalable engineering of hierarchical layered micro-sized silicon/graphene hybrids via direct foaming for lithium storage
Authors: Hamza Mathar , Zhang Siyuan , Xu Wenqiang , Wang Denghui , Ma Yingjie , Li Xianglong
Published: August 2023

Efficient Li+ transport channels were established in micro-sized silicon/graphene anodes through the foaming process, maximizing the utilization of silicon and achieving superior electrochemical performance.
1-(N,N-Dialkylcarbamoyl)-1,1-difluoromethanesulfonyl ester as a stable and effective precursor for a neopentyl labeling group with astatine-211
Authors: Sasaki Ichiro , Tada Masatoshi , Liu Ziyun , Tatsuta Maho , Okura Takeru , Aoki Miho , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Ishioka Noriko S. , Watanabe Shigeki , Tanaka Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

Replacement of a fluoride atom with a carbonyl group allows easy handling and efficient radiolabeling.
Large anion binding in water
Authors: Assaf Khaleel I. , Nau Werner M.
Published: August 2023

Large anions show unexpectedly tight binding to macrocyclic receptors with hydrophobic cavities in water. The affinity is highest for superchaotropic anions, borate clusters and polyoxometalates, which has led to several lines of important practical applications.
Palladium-catalyzed [4 + 3]-annulations of oxotryptamines with allyl dicarbonates: an approach toward spiro[azepane-4,3′-oxindoles]
Authors: Xiao Jun-An , Meng Ru-Fang , Shi Xu-Rong , Luo Xue-Ling , Zhang Huan , Wang Wei , Xia Peng-Ju , Lin Chenxiang , Su Wei
Published: August 2023

A palladium-catalyzed tandem allylic substitution of oxotryptamines with allyl dicarbonates has been developed, affording spiro[azepane-4,3′-oxindoles] in moderate to excellent yields (30%–96%) with up to >20 : 1 Z-stereoselectivity.
Access to phosphorus-containing cyclopenta[b]benzofuranols via a serendipitous cascade reaction promoted by a bifunctional phosphonium salt
Authors: Hu Hui-Lin , Fang Siqiang , Chen Yulin , Wan Wei , Zhou Yuqiao , Xu Zhipeng , Wang Tianli
Published: August 2023

A novel cascade reaction of flavonoid derivatives with phosphine oxides by harnessing a bifunctional phosphonium salt catalyst has been disclosed, affording a variety of cyclopenta[b]benzofuranols with phosphorus-containing units in good yields.
Six metal–organic architectures from a 5-methoxyisophthalate linker: assembly, structural variety and catalytic features
Authors: Fan Xiao-Xiang , Wang Hong-Yu , Zhang Bo , Kang Xiu-Qi , Gu Jin-Zhong , Xue Ji-jun
Published: August 2023

Six new metal(ii) coordination compounds driven by a 5-methoxy isophthalate linker were hydrothermally assembled and fully characterized. Their structural features and catalytic behavior were investigated.
Competitive reversed quartet mechanisms for photogenerated ground state electron spin polarization
Authors: Kirk Martin L. , Shultz David A. , Hewitt Patrick , Marri Anil Reddy , van der Est Art
Published: August 2023

Different excited state equilibration pathways yield ground-state electron spin polarization of radical-elaborated platinum(ii) complexes. The equilibration pathways are controlled through designed molecular conformation.
Characterizing interaction of multiple nanocavity confined plasmids in presence of large DNA model nucleoid
Authors: Liu Zezhou , Christensen Sarah M. , Capaldi Xavier , Hosseini Seyed Imman , Zeng Lili , Zhang Yuning , Reyes-Lamothe Rodrigo , Reisner Walter
Published: August 2023

Bacteria have numerous large dsDNA molecules that freely interact within the cell, including multiple plasmids, primary and secondary chromosomes.
Aggregation of amphiphilic nanocubes in equilibrium and under shear
Authors: Yokoyama Takahiro , Kobayashi Yusei , Arai Noriyoshi , Nikoubashman Arash
Published: August 2023

We investigate the self-assembly of amphiphilic nanocubes into finite-sized aggregates in equilibrium and under shear, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) calculations.
Modelling electro-chemically induced stresses in all-solid-state batteries: screening electrolyte and cathode materials in composite cathodes
Authors: Mücke Robert , Yaqoob Najma , Finsterbusch Martin , Al-Jaljouli Fadi , Kaghazchi Payam , Fattakhova-Rohlfing Dina , Guillon Olivier
Published: August 2023

The stresses in composite cathodes for various materials were calculated; the origin of the stresses was found different for soft and stiff electrolytes, they can be modelled by the macro strain. Ni-rich NCM requires an electrolyte with B ≤ 25 GPa.
Anchoring Ru nanoclusters to defect-rich polymeric carbon nitride as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for highly efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Zhao Jiayang , Guo Haoran , Li Yanyan , Zheng Lirong , Ren Hao , Zhao Liyun , Song Rui
Published: August 2023

The Ru nanoclusters anchored in defect-rich g-C3N4 with abundant VN were successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis. The cooperation of defect engineering, size effect and synergistic effect endows the Ru NCs/VN-C3N4 excellent HER and OER activity.
A cobalt harnessed phenanthroline and triphenylamine-based conjugated mesoporous polymer designed by a donor–acceptor approach for trifunctional electrocatalysis
Authors: Singh Sugandha , Ghorai Manas K. , Kar Kamal K.
Published: August 2023

A cobalt (0 and ii) stabilized conjugated mesoporous polymer driving the ORR, OER, and HER was synthesized via Sonogashira coupling using tris(4-bromophenyl)amine and 3,8-diethynyl-1,10-phenanthroline.
Boosting the oxygen reduction reaction using high surface area graphitic-N dominant nitrogen doped carbon
Authors: Haider Rizwan , Ding Shengqi , Wei Wenrui , Wan Yi , Huang Yu , Li Renhuan , Wu Liang , Muzammil Ayaz , Fan Yi , Yuan Xianxia
Published: August 2023

The ZIF-8-derived graphitic-N dominant NC-1000 material with a high surface area and porous structure demonstrates excellent ORR activity and durability in alkaline electrolytes, making it among the best NC-based catalysts towards the ORR.
Asymmetric non-fullerene acceptors with an imide-containing end group for high-performance organic solar cells
Authors: Shi Shiling , Zhang Shimin , Yao Xiang , Xian Kaihu , Han Dexia , Zhu Yuxuan , Li Yanru , Tu Xueyang , Tang Zheng , Ye Long , Zhong Hongliang , Fei Zhuping
Published: August 2023

Novel asymmetric NFAs (BTP-IIC-2Cl and BTP-IIC-BO-2Cl) were synthesized based on the imide-containing end group, yielding a higher dipole moment and a PCE of over 17% in organic solar cells.
Shared and Separate Neuromuscular Underpinnings of Swallowing and Motor Speech Development in the School-Age Years
Authors: Hahn Arkenberg Rachel E. , Brown Barbara , Mitchell Samantha , Craig Bruce Α. , Goffman Lisa , Malandraki Georgia A.
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

Despite co-occurrence of swallowing and speech disorders in childhood, there is limited research on shared and separate neuromuscular underpinnings of these functions. The purpose of this study was to (a) compare neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech between younger and older children and (b) determine similarities and differences in neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech.

Method:

Twenty-six typically developing children (thirteen 7- to 8-year-olds and thirteen 11- to 12-year-olds) completed this cross-sectional study. Neuromuscular control was evaluated using surface electromyography of submental muscles and superior and inferior orbicularis oris muscles during parallel tasks of swallowing and speech. Outcome measures included normalized mean amplitude, burst duration, time to peak amplitude, and bilateral synchrony, which were examined using mixed-effects models.

Results:

For normalized mean amplitude, burst duration, and time to peak amplitude, there were significant two- and three-way interactions between muscle group, task, and age group, indicating that older and younger children demonstrated different muscle activation patterns, and these patterns varied by muscle and task. No differences were noted between groups for bilateral synchrony. For parallel tasks, children demonstrated different magnitudes of normalized mean amplitude and time to peak amplitude of speech and swallowing. However, they demonstrated a similar pattern: increases in magnitude as task complexity increased.

Conclusions:

Children continue to demonstrate refinement of their neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech between 7–8 and 11–12 years of age, and there are both shared and separate elements of neuromuscular control between these two vital functions. To improve generalizability of findings, future research should include longitudinal analysis of swallowing and speech development, as well as measures of central neurophysiology.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23796258
Supporting Culturally Responsive Assessment Practices With Preschoolers: Guidance From Methods in the Jamaican Context
Authors: Washington Karla N. , Karem Rachel Wright , Kokotek Leslie E. , León Michelle
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

There is a shortage of available methods to accurately inform the developmental status of children whose cultural and linguistic backgrounds vary from the mainstream. The purpose of this review article was to describe different approaches used to support the accurate characterization of speech, language, and functional communication in children speaking Jamaican Creole and English, an understudied paradigm in the speech pathology research.

Method:

Approaches used across four previously published studies in the Jamaican Creole Language Project are described. Participants included 3- to 6-year-old Jamaican children (
n
= 98–262) and adults (
n
= 15–33). Studies I and II described validation efforts about children's functional communication using the Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS; speech) and the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS; speech and language). Study III described efforts to accurately characterize difference and disorder in children's expressive grammar using adapted scoring, along with adult models to contextualize child responses. Last, Study IV applied acoustic duration (e.g., whole word) and an adapted scoring protocol to inform variation in speech sound productions in the Jamaican context where a post-Creole continuum exists.

Results:

Studies I and II offered promising psychometric evidence about the utility of the ICS and the FOCUS. Study III revealed strong sensitivity and specificity in classifying difference and disorder using adult models. Last, in Study IV, linguistically informed acoustic analyses and an adapted protocol captured variation in speech productions better than a standard approach.

Conclusions:

Applying culturally responsive methods can enhance the accurate characterization of speech, language, and functional communication in Jamaican children. The innovative methods used offer a model approach that could be applied to other linguistic contexts where a mismatch exists between speech-language pathologists and their clientele.

Presentation Video:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23929461
Low‐profile broadband circularly polarized short‐circuited dipole antenna with backed cavity
Authors: Han Min , Qin Yifeng , Wang Chengzhi , Yang Tianqi
Published: August 2023

A broadband circularly polarized (CP) dipole antenna with a backed cavity is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of a pair of rotational symmetric short‐circuited branches and a Γ‐shaped feed structure. Each branch is designed to be axe‐shaped so that the antenna can achieve a broad 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The coupled feeding method assures the antenna is wideband, and the shorting‐to‐the‐ground technique miniaturizes the lateral dimensions of the antenna. The profile of the proposed antenna is around 0.16λL (λL denotes the wavelength of the lower bound frequency). The introduction of a back cavity effectively enhances the boresight gain and improves the isolation level if the antenna is used to form an array. Finally, the design is prototyped, and the measurement results agree well with the simulation. The fractal voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)<2 bandwidth and 3‐dB AR bandwidths are 61.15% (2.725–5.125 GHz) and 45.9% (3.15–5.03 GHz), respectively. The antenna's efficiency exceeds 91.5% over the target frequency band.
Dynamics of an impurity ion transport in oil‐paper insulation under various electric fields
Authors: Ren Yuanyang , Wang Yang , Zhang Qiankai , Xiong Jiayu , Cao Wen , Lv Zepeng , Wu Kai
Published: August 2023

The ionic transport process is an important counterpart to charge transport in oil‐paper insulation, and it significantly impacts oil flow electrification at the oil‐paper interface. Despite this, the dynamics of this phenomenon and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, particularly at the molecular level. To understand this fundamental aspect, we conduct Molecular Dynamics study on the transport behaviour of an impurity ion in different oil‐paper insulation models under various external electric fields. Different influence factors, such as external electric fields, temperatures, and local structural characteristics, are investigated in relation to the corresponding ionic mobility in different polymer models. According to the simulations, ionic mobility and its response to electric fields are higher in weaker electrostatic models. As a result, mineral oil exhibits the highest ionic mobility and the most substantial enhancement of ionic mobility by external electric fields, followed by vegetable oil, oil‐paper blends, and insulating paper. This significant deviation in ionic mobility between oil and paper leads to the formation of an electric double layer near the oil‐paper interface. The underlying physical mechanisms of different ionic mobility and its response to the electric field in different polymer models could be explained by the different polymer structural influences in terms of interaction energy and coordination numbers in a static manner, as well as by the interactions between the impurity ion and its surrounding atoms in terms of lifetime correlation functions and velocity autocorrelation functions in a dynamic manner. In addition, the influence of temperature on ionic mobility in mineral and vegetable oil is examined, and their activation energies are calculated. Advancing in the fundamental understanding of the dynamics of the ion transport process in oil‐paper insulation is vital to improving their insulating properties for oil‐impregnated power transformers.
Infrastructure‐related challenges in implementing connected and automated vehicles on urban roads: Insights from experts and stakeholders
Authors: Tengilimoglu Oguz , Carsten Oliver , Wadud Zia
Published: August 2023

The introduction of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has the potential to bring numerous advantages to urban mobility. However, many challenges for road infrastructure need to be overcome before those benefits can be achieved. This study addressed multiple dimensions of the implications of CAV deployment for road infrastructure through a comprehensive survey with 168 experts from different sectors and regions around the world. The issues are grouped into five categories: (1) key challenges of accommodating CAVs in existing urban transport networks; (2) infrastructure improvement required for shared CAV models; (3) maintenance aspects of infrastructure for CAVs; (4) implementation time of infrastructure support for CAVs; and (5) financing infrastructure upgrades to facilitate CAVs on the roads. The outcomes of the research show that there is still no consensus among the stakeholders on what should be considered to maximise CAV benefits for society as a whole. This indicates the necessity for cooperation between stakeholders to achieve the safe and efficient operation of CAVs. Overall, this study provides in‐depth insights for decision‐makers and transport planners to form policies, regulations, and guidelines regarding the future implementation of CAVs for roads before their commercialisation phase.
Energy management in microgrid and multi‐microgrid
Authors: Xing Xueliang , Jia Limin
Published: August 2023

Considered as basic structures of next‐generation energy system, environment‐friendly and flexible microgrid (MG) systems are potential solutions to address integration issues of stochastic renewable energy sources. Adaptable energy management approaches provide the possibility to construct effective and various energy interaction. The purpose of this paper is to present a problem‐oriented review of energy management in MG systems. This paper first comprehensively reviews recent research studies on MG, particularly in multi‐microgrid (MMG). Then, this paper proposes a concept of energy utilization model for energy management, which includes a discussion of modern concepts including MG, MMG along with picogrid, nanogrid and virtual power plant. And a synthetic energy management framework including stability, touch, efficiency, evenness, and resilience dimensions is proposed and formulated based on energy utilization mode. Then energy management system is illustrated from the perspectives of system function, management architecture, operation logic and data analysis, and further, a systematic four‐layer hierarchical architecture of management systems for whole MG and MMG systems is proposed. Moreover, key technologies in energy management are summarized and reviewed from the aspects of control, communication, prediction, optimization, and evaluation. Last, eight main prospects on the future trend of energy management in MG and MMG are also presented.
Central radio galaxies in galaxy clusters: Joint surveys by eROSITA and ASKAP
Authors: Böckmann K. , Brüggen M. , Koribalski B. , Veronica A. , Reiprich T. H. , Bulbul E. , Bahar Y. E. , Balzer F. , Comparat J. , Garrel C. , Ghirardini V. , Gürkan G. , Kluge M. , Leahy D. , Merloni A. , Liu A. , Ramos-Ceja M. E. , Salvato M. , Sanders J. , Shabala S. , Zhang X.
Published: August 2023

Contact. The extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission has completed the first eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS:1). It detected ∼104 galaxy clusters in the western Galactic hemisphere. In the radio band, the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope completed its pilot 1 phase of the project Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) with 220 000 sources in a 270 deg2 field overlapping with eRASS:1. These two surveys are used to study radio-mode active galactic nuclei in clusters.

Aims. In order to understand the efficiency of radio-mode feedback at the centers of galaxy clusters, we relate the radio properties of the brightest cluster galaxies to the X-ray properties of the host clusters.

Methods. We identified the central radio sources in eRASS:1 clusters or calculated corresponding upper limits on the radio luminosity. Then, we derived relations between the X-ray properties of the clusters and the radio properties of the corresponding central radio source.

Results. In total, we investigated a sample of 75 clusters. We find a statistically significant correlation between the X-ray luminosity of the cluster and the 944 MHz radio luminosity of the corresponding central radio galaxy. There is also a positive trend between the radio power and the largest linear size of the radio source. The density and the largest linear size are not correlated. We find that the kinetic luminosity of the radio jets in high-luminosity clusters with LX > 1043 erg s−1 is no longer correlated with the X-ray luminosity, and we discuss various reasons. We find an anticorrelation between the central cooling time tcool and the radio luminosity LR, indicating a need for more powerful active galactic nuclei in clusters with short central cooling times.
White dwarf spectral type-temperature distribution from Gaia DR3 and the Virtual Observatory
Authors: Torres S. , Cruz P. , Murillo-Ojeda R. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Rebassa-Mansergas A. , Solano E. , Camisassa M. E. , Raddi R. , Doliguez Le Lourec J.
Published: August 2023

Context. The characterization of white dwarf atmospheres is crucial for accurately deriving stellar parameters such as effective temperature, mass, and age. However, the inclusion of physical processes such as convective mixing and convective dilution in current white dwarf atmospheric models offers a prediction of the spectral evolution of these objects. To constrain these models, accurate observational data and analyses are necessary.

Aims. We aim to classify the population of white dwarfs up to 500 pc into hydrogen-rich or hydrogen-deficient atmospheres based on Gaia spectra and to derive an accurate spectral type-temperature distribution, namely, the ratio between the number of non-DAs to the total number of white dwarfs as a function of the effective temperature for the largest observed unbiased sample of these objects.

Methods. We took advantage of the recent Gaia low-resolution spectra available for 76 657 white dwarfs up to 500 pc. We calculated the synthetic J-PAS narrow-band photometry and fit the spectral energy distribution of each object with up-to-date models for hydrogen-rich and helium-rich white dwarf atmospheres. We estimated the probability for a white dwarf to have a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and validated the results using the Montreal White Dwarf Database. Finally, precise effective temperature values were derived for each object using La Plata evolutionary models.

Results. We successfully classified a total of 65 310 white dwarfs (57 155 newly classified objects) into DAs and non-DAs with an accuracy of 94%. An unbiased subsample of nearly 34 000 objects was built, from which we computed a precise spectral distribution spanning an effective temperature range from 5500 to 40 000 K, while accounting for potential selection effects.

Conclusions. Some characteristic features of the spectral evolution, such as the deficit of helium-rich stars at Teff ≈ 35 000 − 40 000 K and in the range of 22 000 ≲ Teff ≲ 25 000 K, as well as a gradual increase from 18 000 K to Teff ≈ 7000 K, where the non-DA stars percentage reaches its maximum of 41%, followed by a decrease for cooler temperatures, are statistically significant. These findings will provide precise constraints for the proposed models of spectral evolution.
The Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space of stellar systems
Authors: Chiosi C. , D’Onofrio M. , Piovan L.
Published: August 2023

Contact. This paper is the fourth in a series dedicated to the observed parallelism of properties passing from globular clusters to early-type galaxies. To a lesser extent, it also covers galaxy clusters and groups.

Aims. Here, we investigate the Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space defined by Bender, Burstein and Faber, as potential diagnostic tools in studies of the past evolution of these stellar systems. In the space of the parameters characterizing a stellar system such as the luminosity, L, stellar mass, Ms, half-light (mass) radius, Re, central velocity dispersion, σc, surface brightness, Ie, and so on, the Ie-Re plane is one of possible projections that was thoroughly investigated over the years with many important results. The 3D-kappa space relies on three variables that are suitable combinations of the logarithms of the above parameters. Among others, perhaps the most important result from this new space is the discovery of the fundamental plane of early type galaxies. In this paper, we intend to explore in more detail the potential capability of the joined investigation of the Ie-Re plane and 3D-kappa space.

Methods. Based on the collected literature data on the mass, half-mass (light) radius, velocity dispersion, and surface brightness in different bands for the objects under investigation, we set up the Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space. We then compared the observed distributions of these objects with those predicted by simple theoretical galaxy models.

Results. We explored the effects of different mass-radius relationships, star formation, infall, and mass assembling histories on the diagnostic planes under examination. We also investigated variations in the 3D-kappa space as a function of the redshift.

Conclusions. We show that the distribution of the stellar systems on the various diagnostic planes can cast light on the mass-radius relation and the history of star formation in stellar systems going from globular clusters to early type galaxies.
Recommendations for reducing sanding process in water wells
Authors: Akhmedov Ikromali , Mirkhasilova Zulfiya , Yakubov Murat , Khojiev Aliakbar , Irmuhamedova Lyudmila , Mirkhosilova Madina
Published: August 2023

The history of vertical drainage wells began in 1923 in the United States of America and since 1950 in Uzbekistan. Such scientific researchers as N. Reshetkina, Kh. Yakubov, A Umarov, Z. Pushkarev, N. Nasonov, I. Akhmedov, and other scientists worked on designing and constructing vertical drainage wells. The study aims to develop recommendations for improving the sustainable operation of vertical drainage wells based on their design and construction, considering natural and economic conditions. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that stable operation of wells without sanding will provide: an increase in the duration of good operation without repair, an improvement in water supply in the reclaimed area, drainage of the area suspended on the well, and an increase in economic efficiency.

The place of research work is the Syrdarya and Fergana regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the Kyzylorda region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The design of vertical drainage wells differs significantly from water wells (for water supply) in that vertical drainage wells are drilled with a large diameter (800-1260mm) and equipped with gravel filters. They have a shallow depth (35-80m) and large diameters of the filter frame and casing pipe (300-426mm), which significantly affect their costs and determine the territory's drainage area, which is the main task of this type of well. Such wells are operated in the study areas. The article presents data that is the basis for developing recommendations for improving the sustainable operation of a vertical drainage well. Recommendations are given to eliminate the problems of vertical drainage wells.
Elements of technical water supply system of pumping units
Authors: Ergashev Rustam , Rashidov Jaloliddin , Musaev Sharof , Usarov Jamoliddin , Kholbutaev Boybek , Ergasheva Gulchexra
Published: August 2023

The ongoing research aims to develop an optimal variant of the industrial water supply scheme, selected based on a comparison of several possible solutions. It is recommended to use a block-by-aggregate technical water supply system at stations equipped with any number of main units with a large flow of the main pumps, more than 5 m3/s. If there is a significant amount of sediment in the water at the stations, settling tanks are needed at the water intake devices of the technical water supply systems. Filling with water from pumps installed above the source level can be performed using vacuum pumps, ejectors, the self-suction method, using suction pipes with a raised elbow, or storage tanks. The authors investigated a new process water supply system for a large pumping station in Kiziltepa with control devices and a flow meter on the service water supply inlet pipeline. The calculation of the reliability of the operation of the described structures includes a new reliability criterion, which is taken as the turbidity of the flow at the outlet of the settler.
Assessment of wind effect on reservoir
Authors: Arifjanov Aybek , Jo‘rayeva Mohinur , Vokhidova U. , Ortikov I. , Bakhromova D.
Published: August 2023

This article presents the research results on assessing the strength of the reservoir slope under the influence of different wind speeds. Calculating the parameters of the wave effect on the dam of the Rezaksoi reservoir was carried out. The average wave height was determined using existing calculation methods for the Rezaksoy Reservoir. Stones of different sizes are used to strengthen the slope of the dam and protect it from the effects of wind waves, and stones with an average diameter are selected for calculations. Based on the determined stone dimensionsKΔ; KNP values were determined. The diameter of the stone D1 and D2 for the conditions of Rezaksoi was determined.
Verification of MIKE 11-NAM Model for runoff modeling using ANN, FIS, and ARIMA methods in poorly studied basin
Authors: Slieman Alaa Ali , Kozlov Dmitry
Published: August 2023

Hydrological information is the basis for conducting water balance studies in any region, and surface runoff is one of the most important hydrological parameters and one of the most difficult in the process of estimation and prediction. This study aims to verification of the MIKE 11-NAM Model for runoff modeling using artificial neural network (ANN), fuzzy inference system (FIS), and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methods at Al-Jawadiyah hydrometric station on the Orontes River in Syria. MATLAB was used to build neural and fuzzy models, where many models were built with the change in all parameters, functions, and algorithms that can be used, and the Minitab was used to build ARIMA models. Many models were prepared with the addition of seasonal effect, and the comparison results showed an advantage for artificial neural network models in terms of evaluation parameters. After that, the artificial neural network models were adopted in the process of filling the gaps in the time series of surface runoff in the study area to be used in the Mike program for modeling the runoff and through the method of trial and error with a high number of iterative cycles, model parameters were calculated and runoff values estimated. Still, the results were not good, and there were significant differences between the measured values and the values simulated by the model, and this is due to the significant lack of available data. This study recommends the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning models in the field of estimation and prediction of hydrological parameters.
Study of operating mode of axial and centrifugal pumps with hydroabrasive wear of parts in flow section of pumping units
Authors: Uralov Bakhtiyor , Eshev Sobir , Shaazizov Farrukh , Raimova I. , Arzieva D. , Maksudova Lyudmila
Published: August 2023

To date, a significant amount of work has been done to study the processes of cavitation and hydroabrasive wear in laboratory conditions. Using existing equations for assessing hydroabrasive or cavitation wear leads to certain inaccuracies since the action mechanism underlying them does not correspond to the actual operating conditions of hydraulic machines. Very little has been studied about the issues associated with joint and intense cavitation-abrasive wear, which always occur in fullscale hydraulic machines operating on natural watercourses with high turbidity. So far, the wear of the working bodies of centrifugal and axial pumps has been poorly studied, depending on the mode of their operation, and a methodology has not been developed for selecting operating modes, taking into account the wear of their parts. In this paper, the wear of parts of axial and centrifugal pumps in laboratory conditions is studied, and the dependences of wear on the characteristic dimensions and duration of their operation are given. The results of micrometering of the working parts of the pumps showed that the blades of the impellers along the length and width wear out unevenly both in size and shape. In axial and centrifugal pumps, the most intense wear occurs at the outlet sections of the impeller blades and their sealing elements. When pumping muddy water for 2000 hours, the sealing gaps of type D pumps with a head of 75–80 m are 2.8– 3.1 mm. With an increase in the end clearance of the impeller of an axial pump from the impact of a slotted cavitation-abrasive flow, the pressure value and the local concentration of solid particles in the flow play a leading role.
Autonomous wireless sound gauge device for measuring liquid level in well
Authors: Djumanov Jamoljon , Rajabov Farkhat , Abdurashidova Kamola , Xodjaev Nodir
Published: August 2023

The paper describes an acoustic measurement and control method for remote monitoring of liquid level determination in wells and reservoirs. Before the paper, the task was to increase the depth of noncontact measurement of the liquid level in the well by measuring the time of direct propagation of ultrasound from the transmitter to the receiver, which, in contrast to the reflected sound, provides a much greater range of sound propagation and also the range of measurement and monitoring it using GSM networks. Data is returned to the main module via a USB channel or wireless radio transmitter 24 from the measurement channel. With the help of the first, ultrasound's propagation speed is determined, and the second time determines the distance from the installation site of the main module to the measuring part located on the surface of the well water in a floating position. In the main microcontroller, if the GSM network is available 16, the data is transmitted to the host server; otherwise, it is stored in the internal flash memory to wait for the availability of the GSM network, after which again, all micro-controllers of the device switch to energy-saving mode until the next measurement cycle.
Methods for solving mathematical Laplace equation for calculating transient process of short-term braking mode of traction electric motors (KTR TED) of diesel locomotive of TE10 type
Authors: Safarov Utkir , Julenev Nikolay
Published: August 2023

In this article, ways to improve the device's efficiency for damping the field of a traction generator were considered. In the developed solution, containing a traction generator with an independent excitation winding, in parallel with which traction motors are switched on by power contacts that are switched off with a time delay, a power contact, switched from the first position from the controller, an excitation contactor, in the circuit of which the protection of the diesel generator set is connected in series, adjustable traction generator field damping resistance, connected in series in the conductive direction between the minus of the exciter and the traction generator field damping resistance, a diode, as well as excitation weakening contactors, switched on by the contacts of differential relays of the first and second stages for the current and voltage of the traction generator, connecting resistance power contacts parallel to the traction windings motors, and normally -open auxiliary contacts are connected parallel to the parts of the adjustable resistance to damping the field of the traction generator.
Seismic stress state of "Earth bed -foundation" system
Authors: Shayakhmetov S. B. , Kystaubayev S. B. , Lesov K. S. , Umarov K. K.
Published: August 2023

This article presents research results in seismic resistance of transport structures, anti-seismic design of roads, and the stability of slopes of railway subgrade embankments. The use of modern methods of wave mechanics for the correct assessment of the seismic resistance of the subgrade of the railway track and the determination of the most constructive optimal solutions are considered. The results of multivariate numerical experiments on studying the seismic stress state of the "subgrade-foundation" system are given. One of the most effective ways to determine ground motion is to use the accelerogram of a past earthquake. The analysis of the isoline of the components of seismic displacements and stresses in the subgrade body from the action of the horizontal and vertical components of the accelerogram has been carried out.
Analysis of mountain and sub-mountain areas degradation using GIS technologies in Parkent district, Uzbekistan
Authors: Jumanov Azamat , Narbaev Sharafatdin , Boboqulov Shoxnazar , Ruziboyev Sobir , Usmanov Yusuf , Absoatov U.
Published: August 2023

In the modern era, it is crucial to analyze the soil of mountain and sub-mountain regions and study the degradation process with the help of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) data analysis. These methods are effective tools for planning purposes, including land cover analysis, forest, and water studies. The present study focuses on the changes in land cover and degradation processes in the mountain and sub-mountain regions of the Tashkent region, located in the western part of the eastern Tien-Shan mountains. Due to the climate, this area receives substantial precipitation. However, human encroachment has led to the improper use of pastures, resulting in land use and cover changes. The study area has seen vacant land and open forest converted into open land, leading to increased soil degradation due to rainfall. GIS technologies aid in monitoring such changes and developing effective solutions.
Algorithms for calculating limits in water management in irrigation systems
Authors: Turaev Rasul , Seytov Aybek , Kuldasheva Shakhnoza , Nortojiev Ulugbek
Published: August 2023

In this article, the algorithms for calculating the limits in water resources management in irrigation systems are carried out, and the water management problems of the basin management of irrigation systems are studied distances from each other.
About one differential model of dynamics of groundwater
Authors: Abdullayev A. A. , Hidoyatova M. , Kuralov B. A.
Published: August 2023

When modeling the flow of groundwater and streams together, two different approaches are used, using hydraulic and hydrological models as channel flow models. The former is based on mathematical equations of water movement in open channels. In contrast, the latter is based on simplified empirical and semi-empirical relationships between the hydraulic characteristics of watercourses. In both cases, the watercourse is an internal boundary for the groundwater flow - otherwise, it is advisable to model it as a body of water. The groundwater model can be a scale model or an electrical model of the state of the groundwater or an aquifer. Groundwater models are used to represent the natural flow of groundwater in an environment. Some groundwater models include aspects of groundwater quality. Such groundwater models attempt to predict the fate and movement of a chemical in natural, urban, or hypothetical scenarios. Groundwater models can be used to predict the impact of hydrological changes on aquifer behavior and are often referred to as groundwater simulation models. Also, groundwater models are currently being used in various water management plans for urban areas. Because calculations in mathematical groundwater models are based on groundwater flow equations, which are differential equations that can often only be solved by approximate methods using numerical analysis, these models are also referred to as mathematical, numerical, or computational groundwater models.