bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure effects on kappa opioid receptor mediated dopamine transmission: Sex and age of exposure matter
Authors: Spodnick Mary B. , Amirault Raymond T. , Towner Trevor T. , Varlinskaya Elena I. , Spear Linda P. , Karkhanis Anushree N.
Published: June 2020

Underage alcohol drinking increases the risk of developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). In rodents, adolescent ethanol exposure augments ethanol consumption and anxiety-like behavior while reducing social interaction. However, the underlying mechanisms driving these adaptations are not understood. The dopamine and kappa opioid receptor (KOR) systems in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are implicated in affective disorders and AUD, with studies showing augmented KOR function and reduced dopamine transmission in ethanol-dependent adult animals. Thus, this study, we examined the impact of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure on dopamine transmission and KOR function. Rats were exposed to water or ethanol (4 g/kg, intragastrically) every-other-day during early (PD25–45) or late (PD45–65) adolescence. While AIE exposure during early-mid adolescence (early AIE) did not alter dopamine release in male and female rats, AIE exposure during late adolescence (late AIE) resulted in greater dopamine release in males and lower dopamine release in females. To determine the impact of AIE exposure on KOR function, we bath applied cumulative concentrations of KOR agonist, U50,488 (0.01–1.0 μM), and measured its effect on dopamine release. Early AIE exposure potentiated KOR-mediated inhibition of dopamine release in female rats, while late AIE exposure attenuated this effect in male rats. Together these data suggest that AIE-exposure impact on neural processes is dependent on sex and exposure timing. These differences likely arise from differential developmental timing in males and females. This is the first study to show changes in KOR function following AIE exposure.
The impact of the Covid-19 lockdown on the experiences and feeding practices of new mothers in the UK: Preliminary data from the COVID-19 New Mum Study
Authors: Vazquez Adriana , Dib Sarah , Rougeaux Emeline , Wells Jonathan , Fewtrell Mary
Published: June 2020

Background

The COVID-19 New Mum Study is recording maternal experiences and infant feeding during the period of UK lockdown. This report from week 1 of the survey aims to (1) provide information relevant for those supporting this population; (2) identify groups currently under-represented in the survey.

Methods

Women living in the UK aged ≥18 years with an infant ≤12 months of age completed an anonymous online survey (https://is.gd/covid19newmumstudy). Information/links are shared via websites, social media and existing contacts.

Results

Between May 27thand June 3rd2020, 1365 women provided data (94% white, 95% married/with partner, 66% degree/higher qualification, 86% living in house; 1049 (77%) delivered before lockdown (BL) and 316 (23%) during lockdown (DL). Delivery mode, skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding initiation did not differ between groups. DL women had shorter hospital stays (p<0.001) and 39% reported changes to their birth plan. Reflecting younger infant age, 59% of DL infants were exclusively breast-fed or mixed fed versus 39% of BL (p<0.05). Thirteen % reported a change in feeding; often related to lack of breastfeeding support, especially with practical problems. Important sources of feeding support were the partner (60%), health professional (50%) and online groups (47%). 45% of DL women reported insufficient support with feeding. Among BL women, 57% and 69% reported decreased feeding support and childcare, respectively. 40% BL/45% DL women reported insufficient support with their own health, 8%/9% contacted a mental health professional and 11% reported their mental health was affected. 9% highlighted lack of contact and support from family and distress that they had missed seeing the baby.

Conclusion

Lockdown has had an impact on maternal experiences, resulting in distress for many women. Survey participants are currently not representative of the population; notably, groups at greater risk are under-represented. Increasing the diversity of participants is a priority.

Survey funding

None. All research at Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health is made possible by the NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.
Whole genome doubling confers unique genetic vulnerabilities on tumor cells
Authors: Quinton Ryan J. , DiDomizio Amanda , Vittoria Marc A. , Ticas Carlos J. , Patel Sheena , Koga Yusuke , Kotýnková Kristýna , Vakhshoorzadeh Jasmine , Hermance Nicole , Kuroda Taruho S. , Parulekar Neha , Taylor Alison M. , Manning Amity L. , Campbell Joshua D. , Ganem Neil J.
Published: June 2020

Whole genome doubling (WGD) occurs early in tumorigenesis and generates genetically unstable tetraploid cells that fuel tumor development. Cells that undergo WGD (WGD+) must adapt to accommodate their abnormal tetraploid state; however, the nature of these adaptations, and whether they confer vulnerabilities that can subsequently be exploited therapeutically, is unclear. Using sequencing data from ∼10,000 primary human cancer samples and essentiality data from ∼600 cancer cell lines, we show that WGD gives rise to common genetic traits that are accompanied by unique vulnerabilities. We reveal that WGD+cells are more dependent on spindle assembly checkpoint signaling, DNA replication factors, and proteasome function than WGD−cells. We also identifyKIF18A, which encodes for a mitotic kinesin, as being specifically required for the viability of WGD+cells. While loss of KIF18A is largely dispensable for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis in WGD−cells, its loss induces dramatic mitotic errors in WGD+cells, ultimately impairing cell viability. Collectively, our results reveal new strategies to specifically target WGD+cancer cells while sparing the normal, non-transformed WGD−cells that comprise human tissue.
Coexpression enrichment analysis at the single-cell level reveals convergent defects in neural progenitor cells and their cell-type transitions in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Pang Kaifang , Wang Li , Wang Wei , Zhou Jian , Cheng Chao , Han Kihoon , Zoghbi Huda Y. , Liu Zhandong
Published: June 2020

A large number of genes have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), but their contributions to NDD pathology are difficult to decipher without understanding their diverse roles in different brain cell types. Here, we integrated NDD genetics with single-cell RNA sequencing data to assess coexpression enrichment patterns of various NDD gene sets. We identified midfetal cortical neural progenitor cell development—more specifically, the ventricular radial glia-to-intermediate progenitor cell transition at gestational week 10—as a key point of convergence in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy. Integrated Gene Ontology–based analysis further revealed that ASD genes activate neural differentiation and inhibit cell cycle during the transition, whereas epilepsy genes function as downstream effectors in the same processes, offering one possible explanation for the high comorbidity rate of the two disorders. This approach provides a framework for investigating the cell-type-specific pathophysiology of NDDs.
The evolution of sex-biased gene expression in the Drosophila brain
Authors: Khodursky Samuel , Svetec Nicolas , Durkin Sylvia M. , Zhao Li
Published: June 2020

Genes with sex-biased expression in Drosophila are thought to underlie sexually dimorphic phenotypes and have been shown to possess unique evolutionary properties. However, the forces and constraints governing the evolution of sex-biased genes in the somatic tissues of Drosophila are largely unknown. By using population-scale RNA sequencing data, we show that sex-biased genes in the Drosophila brain are highly enriched on the X Chromosome and that most are biased in a species-specific manner. We show that X-linked male-biased genes, and to a lesser extent female-biased genes, are enriched for signatures of directional selection at the gene expression level. By examining the evolutionary properties of gene-flanking regions on the X Chromosome, we find evidence that adaptive cis-regulatory changes are more likely to drive the expression evolution of X-linked male-biased genes than other X-linked genes. Finally, we examine whether constraint owing to broad expression across multiple tissues and genetic constraint owing to the largely shared male and female genomes could be responsible for the observed patterns of gene expression evolution. We find that expression breadth does not constrain the directional evolution of gene expression in the brain. Additionally, we find that the shared genome between males and females imposes a substantial constraint on the expression evolution of sex-biased genes. Overall, these results significantly advance our understanding of the patterns and forces shaping the evolution of sexual dimorphism in the Drosophila brain.
Development of a high-precision XYZ translator and estimation of beam profile of the vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray undulator beamline BL-13B at the Photon Factory
Authors: Aiura Yoshihiro , Ozawa Kenichi , Mase Kazuhiko , Minohara Makoto , Suzuki Satoshi
Published: June 2020

A high-precision XYZ translator was developed for the microanalysis of electronic structures and chemical compositions on material surfaces by electron spectroscopy techniques, such as photoelectron spectroscopy and absorption spectroscopy, utilizing the vacuum ultraviolet and soft X-ray synchrotron radiation at an undulator beamline BL-13B at the Photon Factory. Using the high-precision translator, the profile and size of the undulator beam were estimated. They were found to strongly depend on the photon energy but were less affected by the polarization direction. To demonstrate the microscopic measurement capability of an experimental apparatus incorporating a high-precision XYZ translator, the homogeneities of an SnO film and a naturally grown anatase TiO2 single crystal were investigated using X-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopies. The upgraded system can be used for elemental analyses and electronic structure studies at a spatial resolution in the order of the beam size.
Macromolecular crystallography beamlines at the Canadian Light Source: building on success
Authors: Fodje Michel , Mundboth Kiran , Labiuk Shaunivan , Janzen Kathryn , Gorin James , Spasyuk Denis , Colville Scott , Grochulski Pawel
Published: June 2020

The Canadian Macromolecular Crystallography Facility (CMCF) consists of two beamlines dedicated to macromolecular crystallography: CMCF-ID and CMCF-BM. After the first experiments were conducted in 2006, the facility has seen a sharp increase in usage and has produced a significant amount of data for the Canadian crystallographic community. Upgrades aimed at increasing throughput and flux to support the next generation of more demanding experiments are currently under way or have recently been completed. At CMCF-BM, this includes an enhanced monochromator, automounter software upgrades and a much faster detector. CMCF-ID will receive a major upgrade including a new undulator, a new monochromator and new optics to stably focus the beam onto a smaller sample size, as well as a brand-new detector.
The persistence of accountant beancounter images in popular culture
Authors: Christensen Mark , Rocher Sébastien
Published: June 2020

Purpose

In analysing the beancounter image's trajectory, from its birth to its persistence, in European French language comics between 1945 and 2016, this paper explores why artists continue beancounter image usage in popular culture.

Design/methodology/approach

Beancounter characters have been studied in an application of Iconology (Panofsky, 1955) in order to unravel how individuals make sense of cultural artefacts and how, in turn, the visuals shape cultural belief systems at a given time.

Findings

This study reveals that comics artists usage of the beancounter image results from their critical reactions to management and capitalism whilst at other times the usage is an indication of authenticity. Motivation for the usage is not constant over time nor is the impact of the beancounter image. Both appear dependant of the level of artistic freedom experienced by the artist.

Research limitations/implications

Based on a single media (comics) with a unique characters (European French language) this study deepens exploration of the ways in which accounting becomes entwined with the everyday and implies that further research is needed.

Originality/value

Extends the work of Smith and Jacobs (2011) and Jacobs and Evans (2012) by focusing on a genre of popular culture over a long period, and by adopting a critical viewpoint. Also expands the possible applications of Panofsky's (1955) Iconology in accounting studies.
How director identification shapes accountability and scope of contribution
Authors: Elms Natalie , Nicholson Gavin
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore why different directors feel different levels of accountability toward board tasks.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper employs a reflexive three wave data and analysis process culminating in a rich data set of 49 interviews with Australian directors and 15 h of boardroom observations.

Findings

Differences in role identification lead directors to perceive their accountability differently resulting in wide variation in levels of firm specific knowledge, eventually affecting their breadth of contribution to board tasks.

Research limitations/implications

Researchers should question the application of traditional governance theory (such as agency theory) if it fails to account for individual differences in intrinsic self-interest.

Practical implications

Selecting board members for their functional knowledge alone may not always produce optimal outcomes for the board and firm. Board induction processes and ongoing director training are important tools to inform and remind directors of their role and accountabilities on a board.

Originality/value

This paper establishes that the strength of directors' identification with either the director role or expert role affects what they feel accountable for, the development of firm specific knowledge and long-term efficacy as a director.
The impact of microfinance services on the efficiency of family farms in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Cameroon
Authors: Belek Alim , Jean Marie Abega Ngono
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Does MFIs agricultural credit influence the determinants of the efficiency of SFF which are socio-economic factors of the farmers but also agricultural endowments of family farms? This paper aims to study the contribution of MFI services on improving the technical efficiency of SFFs in Cameroon.

Design/methodology/approach

The stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model permits the estimation of the technical efficiency indicators for beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries of agricultural credits on a sample of 130 cocoa farming households and four MFIs of the same area between 2008 and 2011. The censored tobit model is used to assess the determinants of technical efficiency.

Findings

The results show that the SFF beneficiaries of agricultural credit have an average technical efficiency of 0.68 inferior to that of nonbeneficiaries (0.72) as expected. They are, respectively, at 0.32 and 0.28 of their full productive capacities. The results of the censored Tobit model show that socioeconomic characteristics of the producer such as age and gender explain negatively, while experience explains positively the technical efficiency of SFFs.

Research limitations/implications

Although without any selectivity bias, this study indicates the essential character of the socioeconomic factors in the amplification of the role of the MFIs credit on the efficiency of SFFs.

Practical implications

Strategies to improve the efficiency of SFFs require an increase in MFI credits, primarily targeting young, experienced and female farmers.

Originality/value

This study examines the efficiency of SFFs by highlighting the interaction between the socio-economic factors of farmers and the credit of MFIs. It also points to the problem of monitoring the implementation of agricultural financing.
Factors affecting Canadian credit unions' financial performance
Authors: Almehdawe Eman , Khan Saqib , Lamsal Manish , Poirier Angèle
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that affect the Canadian credit unions' financial performance which play an important role in providing financial services to the agriculture sector.

Design/methodology/approach

We surveyed the literature to identify different performance metrics of credit unions and a set of possible factors that might affect their performance. We collected data related to different dependent and independent variables from financial statements and balance sheets of 189 credit unions and from general websites like Statistics Canada and Bank of Canada. Then, we imputed the missing data and developed fixed effect and random effect panel data regression models. First, we used return on asset as the main dependent variable. Afterwards, we used six performance metrics to check the robustness of our models.

Findings

From an initial list of 16 possible factors that might affect the financial performance of a credit union, we were able to narrow the factors down to the nine most significant ones. It was observed that credit unions in the prairies were more likely to perform well financially as compared to other provinces. Membership size, the size of a credit union in terms of total assets, capital adequacy ratio, market penetration, diversification of income, inflation rate and provincial GDP and interest rates were significant. The cross-sectional analysis performed confirmed the findings of the fixed effect panel data models.

Research limitations/implications

This study has a limitation concerning the number of years included into the time series analysis. Only ten years worth of data were available.

Practical implications

Results provide credit union management, service providers for credit unions and market analysts with a current understanding of how different internal and external factors might affect return on assets, return on equity, delinquency, cash ratio, efficiency ratio, asset growth and loan growth. Our models can be used to predict financial performance of credit unions based on the defined significant variables.

Originality/value

Although there is a wide body of literature that studies performance of banks, not many studies focus on credit unions. Moreover, the existing studies are based on credit unions in United States or Europe, and literature on Canadian credit unions is scarce. The data collected covered 189 Canadian credit unions. To our knowledge this is the first study that looks at the various internal, external and regulatory factors together that affect the credit unions in various jurisdictions of Canada.
Does it matter where to run? Intention to participate in destination marathon
Authors: Fam Kim-Shyan , Ting Hiram , Tan Kim-Lim , Hussain Kashif , Cheah Jun-Hwa
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of marathon enthusiasts' perceptions towards venue quality, race competition, organisation and service quality on their intention to participate in a destination marathon in the emerging region's context. It also seeks to investigate the mediating effect of perceived value and the moderating effect of intention to visit the destination on the intention to participate.

Design/methodology/approach

Using purposive sampling technique, 177 valid Singapore marathon enthusiasts were sampled to look into their intention towards participating in destination marathon in Sarawak (marathon held in Kuching). The data were analysed using the partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM).

Findings

The results show that amongst the other determinants, perceived organisation and perceived service quality do not contribute to perceived value and intention to participate in destination marathon. Perceived value is found to mediate all path relationships except the relationship between perceived organisation and intention to participate. Moreover, the relationship between perceived value and intention to participate is significantly moderated by intention to tour Sarawak.

Originality/value

This study makes a substantial contribution to the extant literature pertaining to destination tourism and value-based marketing in an emerging market. In particular, it highlights the importance of perceived value and the relevance of destination tourism in joining a sport event on foreign soil. The use of PLS–SEM also allows a rigorous assessment of the relationships under investigation and provides better estimations of the phenomenon.
Determinants of audit expectation gap: the case of Cameroon
Authors: Fossung Michael Forzeh , Fotoh Lazarus Elad , Lorentzon Johan
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study aims to identify the determinants of the expectation gap between financial statement users (investors and bankers) and auditors from a developing country perspective with Cameroon as the case study.

Design/methodology/approach

This study makes use of the survey instrument to identify the determinants of the expectation gap in Cameroon. The research method and research design used for this study are similar to that adopted in Schelluch, Best et al., Fadzly and Ahmed, Desira and Baldacchino and Dixon et al.

Findings

The results indicate that audits and audited financial statements and auditors’ skills are good predictors of the audit expectation gap (AEG), whereas gender, years of experience and occupation (investors and accountants) do not have any significant influence on the AEG. It follows that the expectation gap is further widened by an increase in the regulation and duties of auditors concerning the reliability and usefulness of audits and audited financial statements and auditors’ skills.

Research limitations/implications

A limitation of this study is the sample size, which is limited in scope, with only 400 potential respondents. In addition, this study adopted a survey method used in countries with different economic views and cultural values from Cameroon.

Practical implications

This study contributes to current knowledge by identifying the determinants of the expectation gap in Cameroon, thus facilitating the adoption of measures aimed at mitigating this gap such as educating the Cameroonian public on the auditors’ duties, especially each time a new audit regulation is adopted. The paper is a critical reference point for future research on the subject in Cameroon.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the expectation gap discourse by uncovering the determinants of the expectation gap from a developing country perspective of Cameroon with a different economic and cultural outlook.
An artefact for improving the delivery of building energy retrofit project in South Africa
Authors: Okorafor Chikezirim , Emuze Fidelis , Das Dillip , Awuzie Bankole Osita , Haupt Theo
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The built environment is well known for carbon emission and its impact especially as it pertains to existing buildings. This has culminated in an increasing need for a retrofit of such buildings. This study details the development of an artefact for improving the delivery of energy retrofit projects therein to curb these impacts.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilized a mixed method research design for data collection. In achieving this, data was collected in three different phases; (1) a pilot study; (2) a juxtaposition of desktop case studies, live case studies, focus group discussion forum and an expert survey; and (3) a questionnaire survey for the validation of the emergent artefact. Accordingly, the quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative content analysis was deployed for qualitative data.

Findings

The findings enabled an identification of the elements of a building energy retrofit project (BERP) such as project initiation, building assessment, detailed energy survey, technical analysis and implementation plans of energy measures, monitoring and verification. Also, it provided the challenges and enablers associated with successful BERP. This information was subsequently utilized in the development and validation of an artefact for delivering successful BERP. Summarily, a set of guidelines comprising of seven stages for managing successful BERPs were elucidated.

Practical implications

The validated artefact provides an adaptive and innovative route for achieving sustainability in retrofit trade.

Originality/value

The study conceptualizes an artefact for improving the delivery of BERPs.
Solving second-order nonlinear boundary value problem with nonlinear boundary conditions by an iterative method
Authors: Liu Chein-Shan , Chang Jiang-Ren
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to solve the second-order nonlinear boundary value problem with nonlinear boundary conditions by an iterative numerical method.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors introduce eigenfunctions as test functions, such that a weak-form integral equation is derived. By expanding the numerical solution in terms of the weighted eigenfunctions and using the orthogonality of eigenfunctions with respect to a weight function, and together with the non-separated/mixed boundary conditions, one can obtain the closed-form expansion coefficients with the aid of Drazin inversion formula.

Findings

When the authors develop the iterative algorithm, removing the time-varying terms as well as the nonlinear terms to the right-hand sides, to solve the nonlinear boundary value problem, it is convergent very fast and also provides very accurate numerical solutions.

Research limitations/implications

Basically, the authors’ strategy for the iterative numerical algorithm is putting the time-varying terms as well as the nonlinear terms on the right-hand sides.

Practical implications

Starting from an initial guess with zero value, the authors used the closed-form formula to quickly generate the new solution, until the convergence is satisfied.

Originality/value

Through the tests by six numerical experiments, the authors have demonstrated that the proposed iterative algorithm is applicable to the highly complex nonlinear boundary value problems with nonlinear boundary conditions. Because the coefficient matrix is set up outside the iterative loop, and due to the property of closed-form expansion coefficients, the presented iterative algorithm is very time saving and converges very fast.
Social media analytics in the construction industry comparison study between China and the United States
Authors: Tang Liyaning , Griffith Logan , Stevens Matt , Hardie Mary
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discover similarities and differences in the construction industry in China and the United States by using data analytic tools on data crawled from social media platforms.

Design/methodology/approach

The method comprised comprehensive data analytics using network link analysis and natural language processing tools to discover similarities and differences of social networks, topics of interests and sentiments and emotions on different social media platforms.

Findings

From the research, it showed that all clusters (construction company, construction worker, construction media and construction union) shared similar trends on follower-following ratios and sentiment analysis in both social media platforms. The biggest difference between the two countries is that public accounts (e.g. company, media and union) on Twitter posted more on public interests, including safety and energy.

Research limitations/implications

The research contributes to knowledge about an alternative method of data collection for both academia and industry practitioners. Statistical bias can be introduced by only using social media platform data. The analyzed four clusters can be further divided to reflect more fine-grained groups of construction industries. The results can be integrated into other analyses based on traditional methodologies of data collection such as questionnaire surveys or interviews.

Originality/value

The research provides a comparative study of the construction industries in China and the USA among four clusters using social media platform data.
Perceived ethics training and workplace behavior: the mediating role of perceived ethical culture
Authors: Kancharla Raviteja , Dadhich Anubha
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of ethics training (ET) on workplace behaviors. The study also aims to test the mediating effect of ethical culture (EC), on the relationship between ET and workplace behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach

An experimental model has been developed to address the problem statement. The success of ET intervention has been measured in terms of workplace behavior, which is evaluated by job satisfaction, employee commitment and intention to stay. The proposed research model is empirically tested by data collected from 175 mid-level managers in 30 Indian construction firms.

Findings

The results obtained from process macro showed partial mediation. Stronger perceptions of ET were associated with stronger perceptions of EC. EC is related to positive workplace behavior.

Research limitations/implications

The partial mediation suggests that there is a need for exploring other potential mediating variables through which ET interventions can succeed. Future research can investigate group-level variables such as team psychological safety, which can potentially explain the complete mediation.

Practical implications

The results suggest that ET interventions can be used to strengthen the EC in the firms. If the ET intervention is designed purely on the compliance orientation, it will impede the opportunities for long-term development. The focus should not be with the intent to observe ethical conduct. It should be more inclusive and value-oriented. Firms need to sensitize employees and train them on how to deal with ethical dilemmas. Employees are inclined to study in the firms exhibiting a strong EC. In the construction sector, where multiple projects are handled by employees with unique and niche skill sets, retainment of employees is very important. The human resource departments need to think of introducing ET interventions not only from the study of compliance adherence but also with the motive of retaining employees.

Originality/value

The ET literature seldom discussed long term benefits related to creating an EC. The study critiques the intent of human resource (HR) departments while designing an ET intervention. The ethics intervention is often designed with an intent to fulfill the compliance requirements. This study contrasts this intention and shows the importance of ET intervention to create the EC in the firm, which not only includes compliance requirements like code of conduct but also has a significant focus on sensitizing employees about ethical dilemmas and grey areas.
Wage-setting practices in the metalworking sector in Greece
Authors: Nicolitsas Daphne
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The paper aims to link product market features in the Greek metal processing sector to the wage-setting practices followed therein.

Design/methodology/approach

Aggregate business structural statistics are used to document the product market structure features while information from a rich sectoral collective agreement database, covering a number of sectors of the Greek economy, is used for the wage-setting practices. The approach is, in general, descriptive and discursive with the use of some regression analysis.

Findings

The main findings of the paper include: first, the metal sector as a whole is heterogeneous in terms of its structural/productive features; second, the type of collective agreements followed in the subsectors of the metal sector appear related to the structural features of the subsectors; third, negotiated wages appear binding for subsectors facing less product market competition; and finally, the ability to opt out of the sectoral agreement and sign firm-level agreements during the recent crisis in Greece was used mainly by firms suffering accounting losses.

Research limitations/implications

The research results are limited by the absence of detailed firm-level information both on the actual wages paid and on the exact industrial relations practices in the workplace.

Originality/value

In view of the changes taking place in industrial relations in general and collective bargaining in particular, the issue of the homogeneity – in terms of structure and performance – of individual sectors, sets the question of whether one size (agreement) fits all and consequently whether extensions of agreements to whole sectors are advisable. This is the spirit in which the paper is written. The originality is linked both to the issue addressed but also to the use of the detailed collective labour agreements information and its association with product market features.
Single machine earliness/tardiness scheduling problem with grey processing times and the grey common due date
Authors: Arık Oğuzhan Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This paper presents a mixed-integer programming model for a single machine earliness/tardiness scheduling problem where the objective is to minimize total earliness/tardiness duration when the uncertainty of parameters such as processing times and due date is coded with grey numbers.

Design/methodology/approach

Grey theory and grey numbers are used for illustrating the uncertainty of parameters in processing times and common due date, where the objective is to minimize the total earliness/tardiness duration. The paper proposes a 0–1 mathematical model for the problem and an effective heuristic method for the problem by using expected processing times for ordering jobs.

Findings

The uncertainty of the processing times and common due date are encoded with grey numbers and a position-dependent mixed-integer mathematical programming model is proposed for the problem in order to minimize total grey earliness/tardiness duration of jobs having grey processing times and a common due date. By using expected processing times for ranking grey processing times, V-shaped property of the problem and an efficient heuristic method for the problem are proposed. Solutions obtained from the heuristic method show that the heuristic is effective. The experimental study also reveals that while differences between upper and lower bounds of grey processing times decrease, the proposed heuristic's performance decreases.

Originality/value

The grey theory and grey numbers have been rarely used as machine scheduling problems. Therefore, this study provides an important contribution to the literature.
The impact of disclosure level and client incentive on auditors’ judgments of related party transactions
Authors: Yang Ling , Ruan Lijun , Tang Fengchun
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to present the results of an experiment that examines the effects of client management’s increased disclosure of related party transactions (RPTs) on auditors’ judgments of financial reports that contain RPTs.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment to investigate auditors’ judgments in response to questionable RPTs in a Chinese context.

Findings

The results show that the auditor participants assessed a lower likelihood that the client’s financial statements were intentionally misstated and that they were less likely to request additional evidence when the client management chose to disclose more, as opposed to less, detailed RPT information in their disclosure. Moreover, there was a significant interaction between disclosure level and client incentive to manipulate earnings on the likelihood of the auditor requesting additional evidence.

Practical implications

This study should be of interest to regulatory agencies that have expressed concerns over auditing practices related to RPTs.

Originality/value

The findings from this study help to provide a more in-depth understanding of disclosure literature by investigating voluntary RPT disclosure and the moderation role of clients’ incentives to manipulate earnings.
Initiating android phone technology using QR codes to make innovative functional clothes
Authors: Nofal Reem M.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Android mobile phones are usually used in everyday life. QR (quick response) codes are one of the smart and interesting technologies to convey information fast and accurately through smartphones. So printing QR codes on different textiles by inkjet method concerns specific people, such as with Autism, and Down syndrome, deaf and dumb children and also people having Alzheimer’s disease, who do not have the ability to communicate to others properly; these people cannot know, express or remember information about their selves. So printing QR codes in their clothes can help improve their lives.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, different factors affecting QR codes scanability on fabrics were examined to clarify optimum conditions of recognition and readability. This paper examines different factors as QR Code different resolutions, sizes and lighting conditions. Different weave structures were also used. A questionnaire was done in a deaf and dumb school, for clarifying how QR codes can improve communication to some extent with others, especially those who do not realize sign language. In this study, different factors affecting QR codes’ scanability on fabrics were examined to clarify the optimum conditions of recognition and readability. This paper examines different factors as QR Code different resolutions, sizes and lighting conditions. Different weave structures were also used. A questionnaire was done in deaf and dumb school, to clarifying how QR codes can improve communication to some extent with others who especially do not realize sign language.

Findings

The finding of this study can provide basic data for future researches on QR codes printing on textiles. The effect of weave structure on QR code reading is obvious, as code reading time consumed in the plain fabric is more than that required in a twill structure. This economical method can enhance wearer life, especially for some cases as deaf and dumb cases.

Originality/value

These creative functions will surprise users and motivate them to scan the Codes. Increasing utility of QR codes in the textile and clothing field, give sustainability to the wearer clothes and accessories.
Coopetition in temporary contexts: examining swift trust and swift distrust in humanitarian operations
Authors: Schiffling Sarah , Hannibal Claire , Fan Yiyi , Tickle Matthew
Published: June 2020

Purpose

By drawing on commitment-trust theory, we examine the role of swift trust and distrust in supporting coopetition under conditions of uncertainty and interdependence in the setting of humanitarian disaster relief organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents findings from case studies of 18 international humanitarian relief organisations based on 48 interviews and the analysis of publicly available documents.

Findings

We find that both swift trust and swift distrust support coopetition. As coopetition is simultaneous cooperation and competition, in this study we show how swift trust and swift distrust also occur simultaneously in coopetitive contexts.

Research limitations/implications

Coopetition as a strategic choice is well-researched in the private sector, yet has received less attention in the nonprofit sector, particularly in contexts that are shaped by interdependence and uncertainty. We show the importance of swift trust and swift distrust in coopetitive relationships by drawing on commitment-trust theory.

Practical implications

In focusing on a competitive environment in which cooperation is essential, we find limited choice of coopetitive partners. Humanitarian relief organisations must often simply work with whichever other organisations are available. We highlight how trust and distrust are not opposite ends of a spectrum and detail how both contribute to coopetitive relationships.

Originality/value

Our findings contribute to commitment-trust theory by explaining the important role of distrust in forging coopetitive relationships. Furthermore, we contribute to prior work on coopetition by focusing on an uncertain and interdependent nonprofit environment.
Shipping surcharges and LSQ: pricing the last mile
Authors: Barker Jordan M. , Brau Rebekah I.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Pricing the shipping surcharge is a major strategic decision for online retailers, and free shipping promotions are becoming more common among online retailers. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of last mile pricing strategies on customer attraction and retention in the hypercompetitive online retailing industry. Specifically, this paper investigates the effect of partitioning the shipping surcharge on consumer logistics service quality (LSQ) perceptions and, in turn, purchase behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Employing signaling theory and expectation–disconfirmation theory, hypotheses are derived for two specific points in an online purchase scenario: prepurchase and following a logistics disruption. The hypotheses are tested using a scenario-based experiment with manipulations for the level of shipping surcharge partitioning and the presence of a logistics disruption.

Findings

The results suggest that partitioned shipping surcharges influence prepurchase expectations of LSQ satisfaction and amplify the negative effects of logistics disruptions. This, in turn, drives the purchase and repurchase intentions.

Practical implications

The findings inform online retailers of the perceptual and behavioral effects of last mile pricing strategies. Specifically, this research demonstrates how and under what conditioning partitioning the shipping surcharge can influence the attraction and retention of online customers.

Originality/value

This study integrates pricing and LSQ research to assess the black box of consumer purchase behavior. This is one of the first studies to empirically contrast the effects of last mile pricing strategies on consumer expectations and perceptions of LSQ.
The size-growth relationship: a test of house price growth across the regions of the British Isles
Authors: Gray David
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to propose that a Neave-Worthington Match Test for Ordered Alternatives is a simple, non-parametric test that can be used to consider Gibrat’s law. Whether the law, that states that the proportional rate of growth is independent of absolute size, is supported by regional house price growth rates is considered. The Match Test is further used to test the applicability of beta-convergence and dual economy models to a house price context.

Design/methodology/approach

The Match Test relates an actual rank order with an expected one. Gibrat’s law implies house price growth rates are independent of the absolute price levels. Beta-convergence posits that growth rates are inversely related to the initial price level. With a divergent system, there is a direct relationship between size-order and growth rates. As such, the Match Test is used to test alternative models of size-growth relationship.

Findings

Rather than convergence, there is a tendency to diverge across the UK, but not in Eire. That said, the size of growth shocks is related to price level on the upswing of a price cycle, but not in the down. Assigning the high-priced regions of the two islands into core and the rest into a periphery, total matching is dominated by the capital cities’ growth. The sigma-convergence observed in British house prices is likely to be associated with slower beta-divergence, not a convergent system. The law of Gibrat is not found to apply in a regional house price context.

Research limitations/implications

This work only covers two countries and nineteen regions. Gibrat’s law in regional house prices may be better examined using a multi-country analysis.

Practical implications

As the law of Gibrat is not found to apply in a regional house price context and core-regions appearing to dislocated, this has interesting implications for growth trend analysis and the claim of cointegration, which should be explored further. In particular, the level-growth relationship in the cyclical price upswing points to a ratcheting of differentials between high and low house price regions. The common trends in the long run may result from corrective periodic crashes. Not an ideal mechanism for policymakers.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper makes a novel use of the Neave-Worthington test in the realm of regional convergence-divergence and in the first consideration of the law of Gibrat in a house price context across two countries.
A structured MPA approach to explore technological core competence, knowledge flow, and technology development through social network patentometrics
Authors: Lai Kuei-Kuei , Chen Hsueh-Chen , Chang Yu-Hsin , Kumar Vimal , Bhatt Priyanka C.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This study aims to propose a methodology by integrating three approaches, namely, internal core technology, external knowledge flow and industrial technology development to help companies improve their decision-making quality for technology planning and enhance their research and development (R&D) portfolio efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

The primary focus of this study is thin-film solar technology and patent data is retrieved from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) database. This study presents a methodology based on the proposed integrated analysis method, constructed with patent indicators, centrality analysis of social networks and main path analysis.

Findings

The results of this study can be itemized as – the core technological competency: companies involved in two specific technology fields have lower strength in R&D portfolio than leading companies with single-core technology. Knowledge flow: most companies in a network are knowledge producers/absorbers and technological development: diverse source and sink nodes were identified in the global main path during 1997-2003, 2004-2010 and 2011-2017.

Research limitations/implications

Latecomer companies can emulate leaders’ innovation and enhance their technological competence to seek niche technology. Using the global main path, companies monitor outdated technologies that can be replaced by new technologies and aid to plan R&D strategy and implement appropriate strategic decisions avoiding path dependency.

Originality/value

The knowledge accumulation process helps in identifying the change of position and the role of companies; understanding the trend of industrial technology knowledge helps companies to develop new technology and direct strategic decisions. The novelty of this research lies in the integrated approach of three methods aiding industries to find their internal core technical competencies and identify the external position in the competitive market.