bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
User Perception of a Smartphone App to Promote Physical Activity Through Active Transportation: Inductive Qualitative Content Analysis Within the Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) Study
Authors: Lindqvist Anna-Karin , Rutberg Stina , Söderström Emmie , Ek Anna , Alexandrou Christina , Maddison Ralph , Löf Marie
Published: August 2020

Background

Physical inactivity is globally recognized as a major risk factor for morbidity, particularly the incidence of noncommunicable diseases. Increasing physical activity (PA) is therefore a public health priority. Engaging in active transportation (AT) is a viable approach for promoting daily PA levels. Mobile health interventions enable the promotion of AT to a larger population. The Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) study was a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the ability of a behavior change program delivered via a smartphone app to motivate participants to increase their PA by engaging in AT.

Objective

This qualitative study aims to examine the acceptance and user experience of the app promoting AT that was used in the SCAMPI trial (the TRavelVU Plus app).

Methods

A total of 17 residents of Stockholm County (13 women; age range 25-61 years) who completed the 3-month app-based behavioral change program (delivered through the TRavelVU Plus app) in the SCAMPI randomized controlled trial during 2018 agreed to participate in a semistructured telephone-based interview. These participants were well representative of the whole intervention group (n=127) in terms of baseline characteristics such as age, sex, and area of residence. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an inductive qualitative content analysis.

Results

The content analysis revealed 2 themes and 4 subcategories. The first theme, “main motivators: monitoring and messages,” highlighted that monitoring AT and being able to set weekly goals using the app were the primary motivators reported by study participants. The second theme, “acceptable but modifiable,” reflects that the app was well accepted and effectively encouraged many participants to use more AT. Nevertheless, there were functions in the app that require modification. For example, while the semiautomated travel tracking feature was appreciated, participants found it time-consuming and unreliable at times.

Conclusions

This study contributes novel insight into adults’ experiences of using a mobile app to promote the use of AT. The results showed that the app was well accepted and that self-monitoring and goal setting were the main motivators to engage in more AT. The semiautomated tracking of AT was appreciated; however, it was also reported to be energy- and time-consuming when it failed to work. Thus, this feature should be improved going forward.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03086837; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03086837

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5658-4
Using Item Response Theory for Explainable Machine Learning in Predicting Mortality in the Intensive Care Unit: Case-Based Approach
Authors: Kline Adrienne , Kline Theresa , Shakeri Hossein Abad Zahra , Lee Joon
Published: August 2020

Background

Supervised machine learning (ML) is being featured in the health care literature with study results frequently reported using metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, recall, or F1 score. Although each metric provides a different perspective on the performance, they remain to be overall measures for the whole sample, discounting the uniqueness of each case or patient. Intuitively, we know that all cases are not equal, but the present evaluative approaches do not take case difficulty into account.

Objective

A more case-based, comprehensive approach is warranted to assess supervised ML outcomes and forms the rationale for this study. This study aims to demonstrate how the item response theory (IRT) can be used to stratify the data based on how difficult each case is to classify, independent of the outcome measure of interest (eg, accuracy). This stratification allows the evaluation of ML classifiers to take the form of a distribution rather than a single scalar value.

Methods

Two large, public intensive care unit data sets, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III and electronic intensive care unit, were used to showcase this method in predicting mortality. For each data set, a balanced sample (n=8078 and n=21,940, respectively) and an imbalanced sample (n=12,117 and n=32,910, respectively) were drawn. A 2-parameter logistic model was used to provide scores for each case. Several ML algorithms were used in the demonstration to classify cases based on their health-related features: logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, K-nearest neighbors, decision tree, naive Bayes, and a neural network. Generalized linear mixed model analyses were used to assess the effects of case difficulty strata, ML algorithm, and the interaction between them in predicting accuracy.

Results

The results showed significant effects (P<.001) for case difficulty strata, ML algorithm, and their interaction in predicting accuracy and illustrated that all classifiers performed better with easier-to-classify cases and that overall the neural network performed best. Significant interactions suggest that cases that fall in the most arduous strata should be handled by logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, decision tree, or neural network but not by naive Bayes or K-nearest neighbors. Conventional metrics for ML classification have been reported for methodological comparison.

Conclusions

This demonstration shows that using the IRT is a viable method for understanding the data that are provided to ML algorithms, independent of outcome measures, and highlights how well classifiers differentiate cases of varying difficulty. This method explains which features are indicative of healthy states and why. It enables end users to tailor the classifier that is appropriate to the difficulty level of the patient for personalized medicine.
Combining Wearable Devices and Mobile Surveys to Study Child and Youth Development in Malawi: Implementation Study of a Multimodal Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Leal Neto Onicio , Haenni Simon , Phuka John , Ozella Laura , Paolotti Daniela , Cattuto Ciro , Robles Daniel , Lichand Guilherme
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Multimodal approaches have been shown to be a promising way to collect data on child development at high frequency, combining different data inputs (from phone surveys to signals from noninvasive biomarkers) to understand children’s health and development outcomes more integrally from multiple perspectives.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this work was to describe an implementation study using a multimodal approach combining noninvasive biomarkers, social contact patterns, mobile surveying, and face-to-face interviews in order to validate technologies that help us better understand child development in poor countries at a high frequency.

METHODS

We carried out a mixed study based on a transversal descriptive analysis and a longitudinal prospective analysis in Malawi. In each village, children were sampled to participate in weekly sessions in which data signals were collected through wearable devices (electrocardiography [ECG] hand pads and electroencephalography [EEG] headbands). Additionally, wearable proximity sensors to elicit the social network were deployed among children and their caregivers. Mobile surveys using interactive voice response calls were also used as an additional layer of data collection. An end-line face-to-face survey was conducted at the end of the study.

RESULTS

During the implementation, 82 EEG/ECG data entry points were collected across four villages. The sampled children for EEG/ECG were 0 to 5 years old. EEG/ECG data were collected once a week. In every session, children wore the EEG headband for 5 minutes and the ECG hand pad for 3 minutes. In total, 3531 calls were sent over 5 weeks, with 2291 participants picking up the calls and 984 of those answering the consent question. In total, 585 people completed the surveys over the course of 5 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

This study achieved its objective of demonstrating the feasibility of generating data through the unprecedented use of a multimodal approach for tracking child development in Malawi, which is one of the poorest countries in the world. Above and beyond its multiple dimensions, the dynamics of child development are complex. It is the case not only that no data stream in isolation can accurately characterize it, but also that even if combined, infrequent data might miss critical inflection points and interactions between different conditions and behaviors. In turn, combining different modes at a sufficiently high frequency allows researchers to make progress by considering contact patterns, reported symptoms and behaviors, and critical biomarkers all at once. This application showcases that even in developing countries facing multiple constraints, complementary technologies can leverage and accelerate the digitalization of health, bringing benefits to populations that lack new tools for understanding child well-being and development.
NATURE IN MONTAIGNE AND EMERSON
Authors: Poštić Svetozar
Published: August 2020

Ralph Waldo Emerson was an ardent admirer of Michel de Montaigne, his 16th-century French predecessor. He was indebted to his fellow writer and philosopher for both content and style. Moreover, it could be argued that Montaigne influenced Emerson's worldview as well. They have both been called naturalists by the critics for their theoretic outlook, but their naturalisms have never been linked as their guiding philosophical conviction. Both Montaigne and Emerson praised nature and everything "natural," including humans, and saw nature imbued with a guiding, omnipotent spirit. Influenced by the poets and philosophers of antiquity, his intellectual guiding lights, Montaigne used the words "nature" and "God" interchangeably, while Emerson suffused nature with a divine essence. Both writers thus contributed to the disenchantment of the world and depersonalization of the once divinized Creator.
МЕСТО ПЕРЕВОДА В КОМПАРАТИВНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ (От перевода к рецепции и литературным связям – генетическим и типологическим)
Authors: Čović Branimir
Published: August 2020

Современная компаративистика включает в приоритетные свои задачи: перевод литературно-художественного произведения, посредствующего в обмене литературными ценностями между различными национальными литературами; перевод как особый вид коммуникации; трансформации оригинала и проблемы оценки переводного текста; индивидуальную проекцию переводчика, интерпретирующего в собственном духе интенции оригинала; вопросы места переводной художественной литературы в рамках национальной литературной продукции; сравнительное изучение стиля оригинала и перевода при помощи принципов и приемов сравнительной стилистики и стилистической критики; креолизацию элементов стиля оригинала и перевода; вопросы имагологии и нарратологии; проблемы литературного посредничества; вопросы рецепции одной литературы в другую и проблемы литературных связей – генетических и типологических.
AS CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS, A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR E A REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO: DISPUTAS EPISTEMOLÓGICAS EM TEMPOS DE ULTRACONSERVADORISMO
Authors: Dantas Jéferson Silveira
Published: August 2020

A abordagem se concentrará, especialmente, nas proposições da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e os seus efeitos nos componentes curriculares voltados à área epistemológica das Ciências Humanas. Além disso, há de se destacar a emergência do debate sobre a Reforma do Ensino Médio, que poderá trazer efeitos nefastos para as disciplinas de História e de Geografia, sobretudo. Ainda em tal contexto, o movimento Escola sem Partido (ESP) vem angariando simpatizantes em várias partes do país, tendo como mote a criminalização do trabalho docente, o combate à liberdade de cátedra e uma censura deliberada aos componentes curriculares de teor mais crítico e reflexivo.
A pessoa com deficiência intelectual e as concepções de professores de educação especial
Authors: Mafezoni Andressa Caetano , Simon Caroline
Published: August 2020

Objetiva-se discutir as concepções de professores de educação especial de um município do Espírito Santo (Brasil) sobre a pessoa com deficiência intelectual. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e de caráter exploratório, empregando-se a aplicação de cento e cinquenta e um questionários abertos como técnica de coleta de dados. Como discussões e considerações, constatou-se, por um lado, que os professores de educação especial ainda concebem a pessoa com deficiência intelectual numa perspectiva de limitação de ordem biológica em relação às possibilidades de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem. Essas concepções estigmatizantes contribuem para a construção de uma postura pedagógica que compreende a pessoa com deficiência intelectual como um indivíduo delimitado pela não aprendizagem, sobre o qual há pouca ou não há expectativa. Por outro lado, observa-se o surgimento de uma tendência que busca superar essa perspectiva em direção a uma concepção que aposta nas potencialidades da pessoa com deficiência intelectual.
SECCIÓN IV. Diagnóstico de los casos de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Consenso colombiano de atención, diagnóstico y manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en establecimientos de atención de la salud: Recomendaciones basadas en consenso de expertos e informadas en la evidencia ACIN-IETS. SEGUNDA EDICIÓN.1 de agosto de 2020
Authors: Saavedra Trujillo Carlos Humberto
Published: August 2020

El diagnóstico de la infección por SARS-COV-2/COVID-19 sigue siendo un reto, se dispone de diferentes pruebas diagnósticas entre ellas la PCR en tiempo real, pruebas de anticuerpos y de antígeno. Cada una de las pruebas tienen una cinética distinta y un rendimiento que difiere a partir del momento en que son realizadas. Actualmente se considera que la RT- PCR es la prueba diagnóstica con mejor rendimiento (sensibilidad 89% y especificidad 99%), sin embargo, esto depende también del tipo de muestra, siendo el aspirado traqueal la de mejor sensibilidad. Es importante mencionar que se dispone de otras técnicas de PCR como las pruebas de PCR multiplex en donde la detección de SARS-CoV-2 está incluida en los paneles. Algunas pruebas serológicas luego de varios estudios y validaciones en nuestro medio solo demostraron utilidad en pacientes luego del día 11 de inicio de síntomas con rendimiento variable (sensibilidad 49, 75 a 100 % y especificidad 87 a 95.83 %). En los pacientes asintomáticos se han evaluado diferentes pruebas para identificación de SARS-CoV-2 con resultados menos contundentes. Sin embargo, se ha encontrado utilidad en la realización de RT-PCR basada en identificación de contacto estrecho, las pruebas de anticuerpos se podrían considerar luego del día 11 de contacto con un rendimiento inferior al de la RT PCR. En ocasiones se debe considerar la realización de estudios invasivos evitando la generación de aerosoles o uso de elementos de protección si se requiere, sin embargo, la realización de mini lavado bronquial y aspirado traqueal a ciegas con sistema cerrado es una alternativa.Se han encontrado diferentes biomarcadores que permiten categorizar la gravedad de los pacientes y orientar el lugar donde deben ser evaluados, entre ellos están el hemograma, proteína c reactiva, enzimas hepáticas, bilirrubinas, función renal, deshidrogenasa láctica, CK, troponinas, dímero D; como también la aplicación de diferentes escalas como CURB 65, qSOFA y SOFA. La procalcitonina aún no ha demostrado utilidad para que sea recomendada en el uso rutinario.  Las imágenes de tórax (radiografía de tórax, tomografía de tórax simple) permiten evaluar no solo otras posibles etiologías, sino que también permiten categorizar la gravedad del cuadro y las complicaciones relacionadas con la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 como es el SDRA (síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto). La presencia de vidrio esmerilado de localización basal y periférica junto con la presencia de consolidación aumentan la probabilidad de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.
Status Penjatuhan Talak di Luar Mahkamah: Analisis terhadap Enakmen Keluarga Islam Perak 2004 dan Persepsi Hakim Mahkamah Rendah Syariah Gerik, Perak Malaysia
Authors: Achyar Gamal , Wan Mohd Husni Wan Nurul Husna Binti
Published: August 2020

Talak adalah satu perbuatan hukum berupa pemutusan hubungan perkawinan dari pihak suami terhadap pihak istri. Undang-undang telah menetapkan talak harus dilakukan di depan Mahkamah. Peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian mengenai talak di luar Mahkamah dilihat dari aspek persepsi Hakim Mahkamah Rendah Syariah Gerik Perak mengenai status talak yang dijatuhkan di luar Mahkamah.Jadi, permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah prosedur talak di luar Mahkamah menurut Enakmen Keluarga Islam Negeri Perak Tahun 2004? dan bagaimanakah persepsi Hakim Mahkamah Rendah Syariah Gerik, Perak tentang keabsahan talak di luar mahkamah yang diatur dalam Enakmen Keluarga Islam Negeri Perak Tahun 2004?.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis yang menganalisa terhadap pandangan Hakim Mahkamah Rendah Syariah Gerik Perak, teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan secara lapangan (field research) dengan meneliti data di lapangan dan melakukan wawancara langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahawa prosedur penjatuhan talak di luar Mahkamah perlu adanya pengesahan untuk membuktikan sama ada berlaku talak atau tidak. Talak yang di luar Mahkamah dianggap tidak sah dari segi Undang-undang dan di arah untuk melafazkan semula talak di depan Mahkamah dengan kebenaran Hakim dalam tempoh 7 hari setelah dilafazkan dan jika melebihi,sanksi akan dikenakan tidak melebihi tiga ribu ringgit (RM 3000.00) atau penjara tidak melebihi dua tahun dan persepsi Hakim tentang talak di luar Mahkamah menganggap tidak sah secara Undang-undang,karena tidak memiliki legalitas.Ini bertentangan menurut perspektif hukum islam yang menganggap sah diucapkan di luar atau di dalam. Ini karena untuk mengelakkan berlakunya pelbagai ketidakpastian hukum jika talak dianggap sah walaupun di luar siding. Keabsahan talak di luar Mahkamah pula dilihat pada pertimbangan terhadap rukun dan syarat talak sama ada sempurna ataupun tidak sebelum memutuskan sebuah perceraian itu berlaku.
Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menetapkan Nafkah Anak Pasca Perceraian (Studi Putusan Hakim Nomor 0233/Pdt.G/2017/MS-MBO)
Authors: Devy Soraya , Muliadi Doni
Published: August 2020

Nafkah anak adalah segala sesuatu yang diperlukan oleh anak untuk tumbuh dan berkembang seperti kebutuhan sandang, pangan dan papan. Kewajiban pemenuhan nafkah anak menjadi tanggungjawab orang tua bersama. Namun jika terjadi perceraian, ayah tetap bertanggungjawab untuk memenuhi nafkah anak walaupun anak berada dalam asuhan ibu. Kadar nafkah anak tidak ditentukan batas minimal maupun batas maksimalnya, akan tetapi standar jumlah nafkah harus sesuai dengan kemampuan finansial ayahnya. Jika ayahnya benar-benar tidak dapat memenuhi nafkah anak tersebut, maka kewajiban nafkah anak  ditanggung oleh ibunya. Putusan Hakim Nomor 0233/Pdt.G/2017/MS_MBO menyatakan bahwa Majelis Hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak yang dituntut oleh termohon kepada pemohon. Nafkah anak yang semula dimintakan sejumlah Rp. 1.600.000,- ditetapkan oleh Majelis Hakim hanya sebesar Rp. 600.000,- dengan penambahan 20% pertahun, sehingga terdapat pengurangan jumlah nafkah anak dari tuntutan awal. Oleh karennya penelitian ini akan menfokuskan tentang apa yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak dan bagaimana penetapan nafkah anak tersebut menurut hukum Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dan penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pertama, dasar pertimbangan hakim mengurangi jumlah nafkah anak dari jumlah yang dituntut dikarenakan menimbang ketidakmampuan finansial ayahnya. Kedua, penetapan nafkah anak yang terdapat dalam putusan tersebut telah sesuai dengan hukum Islam dikarenakan aturan hukum Islam menjelaskan bahwa pemenuhan nafkah anak oleh ayah harus sesuai dengan kemampuan finansial ayahnya.
UM OLHAR SOBRE O FENÔMENO DA MATERNIDADE NATURALISTA: REFLETINDO SOBRE O PROCESSO DE MATERNAGEM
Authors: Lopes Vieira Camilla Araújo , Aragão Ávila Alana
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo fomentar a discussão em torno do tema da maternidade, especialmente no que diz respeito à maternidade naturalista e sua formulação discursiva. Traçando um percurso histórico em torno das modificações culturais no ocidente a respeito das formas de maternagem e da figura da boa mãe, analisamos como o discurso naturalista estabelece no século XXI um parâmetro moral para o correto exercício da maternidade, visto como humanizado, ecológico e consciente e como esse discurso age no corpo social, especialmente no que diz respeito à categoria das mulheres-mães.
GÊNERO E TECNOLOGIA NA ERRADICAÇÃO DA VARÍOLA
Authors: Sacramento Jonatan
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desse texto é discutir a generificação das tecnologias de saúde pública, a agulha bifurcada e a vacina liofilizada, utilizadas na Campanha de Erradicação da Varíola. Ao mesmo tempo, lança-se mão da análise da trajetória profissional da enfermeira e educadora sanitária paulista, Geraldina Passeri, de modo a compreender como o gênero moldava as performances profissionais e o fazer burocrático e operacional de uma ação de saúde. O argumento sustentado ao longo do artigo é que mesmo os processos de gestão e execução de políticas de saúde, assim como das técnicas e tecnologias utilizadas, não estão isentos de significados de masculinidade e feminilidade.
MULHERES INDÍGENAS E SAÚDE: UMA ANÁLISE DO DISCURSO CIENTÍFICO À LUZ DA CRÍTICA FEMINISTA E DOS ESTUDOS DE GÊNERO
Authors: Zucco Luciana Patrícia , Ril Stephany Yolanda
Published: August 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do discurso científico sobre a saúde da mulher indígena, com enfoque na saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Nossa proposta foi averiguar, a partir dos estudos feministas e de gênero no campo da saúde, como as mulheres indígenas são representadas. Para tanto, realizamos levantamento na biblioteca SciELO e análise dos dados. Os resultados indicam produção diminuta tanto de estudos referentes à temática, quanto de trabalhos voltados para a dimensão subjetiva e cultural. A compreensão de raça e etnia como sinônimos atravessa a discussão, havendo predominância de estudos epidemiológicos e o contínuo apagamento de experiências das mulheres indígenas.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DO MAL FEMININO NO FILME A BRUXA (2016)
Authors: Muller Larocca Gabriela
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo discute as representações do feminino e do Mal a partir da análise do filme de horror A Bruxa, dirigido pelo estadunidense Robert Eggers e lançado em 2016. O enfoque principal é problematizar como a narrativa cinematográfica de horror, centrada na temática da bruxaria, dialoga com uma tradição antifeminina antiga que associa as mulheres ao Mal e ao demoníaco, perpetuando uma visão negativa do feminino, relacionado desta forma a forças ocultas e reproduzindo ansiedades, medos e mitos históricos.
O BOM, O ABJETO E O CÔMICO: CONSTRUÇÃO VISUAL DAS MASCULINIDADES NA ANIMAÇÃO ALADDIN (1992)
Authors: Baliscei João Paulo , Calsa Geiva Carolina
Published: August 2020

O objetivo proposto neste estudo foi o de analisar como os sistemas de representação, especificamente os filmes de animação, têm investido na construção visual de identidades masculinas. Debruçou-se sobre os Estudos das Masculinidades para investigar a construção visual de nove personagens masculinos da animação Aladdin (1992), produzida pela Disney. Três eixos analíticos foram apresentados e revelam relações estabelecidas entre a) o vilão e outros personagens coadjuvantes; b) o herói e outros personagens coadjuvantes; e c) o herói e o vilão. As interpretações associaram o herói/bom à Masculinidade Hegemônica; o vilão/abjeto à Masculinidade Subordinada; e coadjuvantes/ cômicos às Masculinidades Cúmplices e Marginalizadas.
GÊNERO E PSICANÁLISE: ALÉM DA DUALIDADE “MULHER” X “HOMEM”
Authors: Durski Ligia Maria
Published: August 2020

A dificuldade em abordar a complexidade da sexualidade humana permite construções culturais que tendem a violar e/ou não contemplar tal complexidade, resultando em relações sociais injustas e pautadas em preconceitos e desinformação. Este artigo realiza um exercício de exposição didática acerca de tal tema - enviesado por uma perspectiva psicanalítica e tendo Freud como autor de base. Para tal, partimos das seguintes perguntas norteadoras: nosso sexo anatômico define de fato quem somos e/ou quem nos tornaremos? Os seres humanos dividem-se exclusiva e hegemonicamente nesses grandes grupos nomeados “masculino” e “feminino”? A nossa sociedade contempla de forma justa a complexidade da sexualidade humana?
PARA O LAR: AS MULHERES QUE DEIXARAM O MERCADO DE TRABALHO PARA SE DEDICAREM À CASA E À FAMÍLIA
Authors: Freddo Fleck Carolina , Dalagostini Bidarte Marcos Vinicius , Billig Mello Elena Maria
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar as mulheres que migraram do mercado de trabalho para o exercício da profissão do lar em Santana do Livramento, RS, Brasil, bem como os principais fatores para tal atitude. As entrevistas foram realizadas por meio da técnica bola de neve e utilizou-se análise de conteúdo para tratar os dados. Os resultados demonstram que os fatores familiares foram os principais responsáveis pela transição do mercado de trabalho para a profissão do lar pelas mulheres, o que é explicado historicamente por ser o espaço privado destinado a elas, enquanto aos homens destina-se o espaço público.
A Evolução de Balarm [Palermo] Islâmica (831-1072)
Authors: Bonnici Thomas
Published: August 2020

A ocupação da Sicília pelos aglábidas de Ifriqiya, no início do século 9 EC, trouxe grande desenvolvimento para uma cidade periférica do noroeste do thema Bizantina da Sicília. Quatro testemunhas oculares registram o crescimento de Panormos, agora Balarm, entre 831 e 1040 EC. Theodósios em 878 EC, Ibn Hawqal em 973, al-Muqaddasi em 985 EC e o autor anônimo de Kitab Ghara’ib al-funun em c. 1020 relatam a evolução, gradativa no período aglábida e rápida no período kalbita, da cidade através dos bairros, mercados, mesquitas, fábricas, cemitérios e eventos administrativos. Todavia, o desenvolvimento de Balarm registrado nas fontes literárias fica em descompasso com os escassos achados arqueológicos, que demonstram a destruição total da cidade nas guerras civis entre facções políticas muçulmanas e na invasão normanda pelos irmãos Hauteville.
Experimental analysis of parabolic trough collector system with multiple receiver geometries and reflective materials
Authors: Anwar Muzumil , Wasim Ahmad , Ali Muzaffar , Hussain Salman , Jahanzaib Mirza
Published: August 2020

Solar parabolic trough collector systems provide an attractive solution especially for solar thermal power generation. The performance of these systems significantly depends on receiver geometries. Therefore, in the current study, an experimental analysis has been performed using three different receiver geometries along-with two reflective materials. These receiver geometries include: simple tube (reference geometry A), receiver tube with straight absorber plate (geometry B), and receiver tube with curved absorber plate (geometry C), whereas, the reflective materials include: aluminum and stainless steel. The experimentation was performed under subtropical climate conditions of Taxila, Pakistan. From experimentation, it was identified that peak heat gain obtained from receiver geometries C and B were 71%, and 30% higher as compared to the reference geometry A, respectively. The, thermal efficiency of the system with geometry A was 20%, geometry B was 28%, and geometry C was 34%. Furthermore, two reflective materials i.e. aluminum and Stainless steel were used on geometry C which yielded best results for further parabolic trough collector performance analysis. It was observed that peak thermal efficiencies were 34.8% and 31% with aluminum and stainless steel as reflector materials. The results indicated that aluminum reflector was approximately 12% efficient as compared to stainless steel reflector. The results will help to cultivate the advantages of innovative receiver geometries and alternative reflective materials.
Preparation and characterization of phase change energy storage gypsum
Authors: Zhang Yichao , Wang Ying , Zhou Jinghai , Huang Jian , Wu Xiaoxin , Ding Zhaoyang , Wang Qinghe
Published: August 2020

The thermophysical properties of binary phase change materials with different ratios of capric acid and palmitic acid were studied by step cooling curve method and differential scanning calorimetry in this paper. Furthermore, the best adsorption materials and coating materials were selected by testing their mass adsorption rate and mass loss rate. Finally, the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity coefficient, and compressive strength of phase change energy storage gypsum was determined, respectively, and the energy-saving effect of the phase change energy storage gypsum in the wall is evaluated. The results show that the binary phase change materials can form a eutectic system. When the mass ratio of capric acid to palmitic acid is 7:3, the low eutectic point of the binary system is formed, and the crystallization temperature of system is 26?C. The adsorption capacity of expanded perlite is much larger than that of ceramsite, and the mass loss rate of the material coated by styrene acrylic emulsion is lower than that of ethylene vinyl acetate. The specific heat capacity of phase change energy storage gypsum is about twice that of ordinary gypsum. With the addition of phase change materials, the thermal conductivity coefficient of phase change energy storage gypsum decreases gradually, and the compressive strength of phase change energy storage gypsum decreases gradually at the same time. Compared with ordinary gypsum, phase change energy storage gypsum has better energy-saving performance.
Estimation of thermophysical propreties of far infrared vacuum drying potato by application of inverse approach
Authors: Mitrevski Vangelce , Dedinac Aleksandar , Mitrevska Cvetanka
Published: August 2020

In this paper the estimation of the moisture diffusivity, together with other thermophysical properties of a far-infrared vacuum dried potato slices by using an inverse approach were studied. In direct problem a mathematical model of the far-infrared vacuum drying process of shrinking bodies was used. The Leven-berg-Marquardt method was used to solve the inverse problem. An analysis of the influence of the vacuum pressure, temperature of heaters, drying body dimension, and drying time, that enables the design of the proper experiments by using the so-called D-optimum criterion was conducted. The estimated values of moisture diffusivity of potato obtained from this study are within the range from 5.14?10?8 to 5.01?10?9 m2/s. The experimental transient temperature and moisture content changes during the far infrared vacuum drying were compared with numerical calculated values.
Implementation of Lean Daily Management: A Vascular Access Team Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Nurses’ Workflow and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Schlauch Michele , Rogers Pam , Pyne Rhonda , Tomchik Cathy , Ellis Carol , Gartrell Kyungsook
Published: August 2020

Highlights

Background: The process for patients to receive a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has been unclear, allowing for delays in care and discharge and increased costs. To address these problems, a vascular access team implemented the Lean process. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of an ultrasound initiative to insert peripheral intravenous lines (IVs) and midlines and modification of PICC insertion hours on the nurses’ workflow and patient outcomes.

Methods: This quality improvement project used retrospective data analysis. Patients’ data from fiscal year (FY) 2010 to FY 2019 was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t tests for continuous data, and a Poisson regression for count data.

Results: After the ultrasound initiative, the volume of PICC insertions decreased by 20%, which represents a significant reduction. The mean cost also decreased from $171,681 to $147,620. Although there was no substantial cost saving, the total cost was reduced by 14%. After implementation of ultrasound guidance for peripheral IV and midline access, the central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate dropped by 70%. The estimated treatment cost for CLABSI significantly decreased from $481,600 to $156,800. After implementation, the total estimated cost savings was $1,624,000. Modified PICC insertion hours resulted in significantly reduced mean hours from order time to insertion.

Conclusions: Standard work and process improvements using the Lean process were effective. The ultrasound initiative decreased unnecessary PICC insertions, reduced cost, and decreased the CLABSI rate. Modified PICC insertion hours enhanced the nurses’ work by reducing the average time from PICC order to placement.
Preadmission Diabetes-Specific Risk Factors for Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Agarwal Shivani , Schechter Clyde , Southern Will , Crandall Jill P. , Tomer Yaron
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

To examine whether HbA1c, outpatient diabetes treatment regimen, demographics, and clinical characteristics are associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with diabetes and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with diabetes hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 infection from 11 March to 7 May 2020 at a large academic medical center in New York City. Multivariate modeling was used to assess the independent association of HbA1c levels and outpatient diabetes treatment regimen with mortality, in addition to independent effects of demographic and clinical characteristics.

RESULTS

We included 1,126 hospitalized patients with diabetes and COVID-19 for analysis, among whom mean age was 68 years, 50% were male, 75% were Black, mean BMI was 30 kg/m2, 98% had type 2 diabetes, mean HbA1c was 7.5%, and 33.1% died. HbA1c levels were not associated with mortality in unadjusted or adjusted analyses, but an outpatient regimen with any insulin treatment was strongly predictive. Additionally, age, sex, and BMI interacted such that in all age categories, mortality was higher with increasing BMI in males compared with females.

CONCLUSIONS

In this large U.S. cohort of hospitalized patients with diabetes and COVID-19, insulin treatment, as a possible proxy for diabetes duration, and obesity rather than long-term glycemic control were predictive of mortality. Further investigation of underlying mechanisms of mortality and inpatient glycemic control is needed.
Analysis of Radiation Dose of Patients on CT Scan Examination using Si-INTAN Application
Authors: Siregar Elshaday S.B , Sutapa Gusti Ngurah , Sudarsana I Wayan Balik
Published: August 2020

CT scan is widely used to diagnose the inside of the human body, so supervision is needed to ensure the health and safety of workers, patients and the public. One surveillance that can be done is to analyze the radiation dose of the patient on CT scan with the application of Si-INTAN. Data processing of the results of CT scan of the head, thorax and abdomen for ages 0-4 years, 5-14 years and ? 15 years using the Si-INTAN application. From the results of the data processing, the highest DRL DLP value and CTDIVOL values were obtained, for CT scan heads were 1732,8 mGycm and 31,92 mGy, the CT scan of the thorax was 2450,78 mGycm and 19,36 mGy, and for CT Abdominal Scans were 3968,85 mGycm and 19,35 mGy.
Analysis of Superconductor of Nd1Ba2Cu3O7 and Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 Phases Using FTIR Spectrophotometer
Authors: Putra Adnyana IGA , Sumadiyasa Made , Wendri Nyoman
Published: August 2020

I has been synthesized superconducting materials of the Nd1Ba2Cu3O7, Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 and Y3Ba5Cu8O18 phases. The study was conducted to determine whether the data from the phase Y1Ba2Cu3O7 can be used as a base to identify superconducting material of the Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 phase. Synthesis was done by solid state reaction method with initial mixing in HNO3 solution mixture with Y2O3, Nd2O3, BaCO3, and CuO, with the ratio adjusted to the stoichiometry calculation. Samples in the form of pellets with a diameter of 1.5 cm were sintered at 950 oC for 24 hours in an atmospheric environment. The FTIR measurements have been carried out with a standard KBr. The theoretical calculation spectra and vibration mode data from YBa2Cu3O7-d  can be used to identify Nd1Ba2Cu3O7, Nd3Ba5Cu8O18 dan Y3Ba5Cu8O18, with peak absorption in the range of wave numbers that are almost the same, namely 400-450 cm-1, which is the four oxygen atoms O(2,3) mode, 426-439 cm-1 is the in-phase mode of oxygen atom O(2,3), and the vibrational mode of peaks O(4) is observed at 488 cm-1.
Effects of High g Values on Growth and Chlorophyll Content in Hydrated and Dehydrated Wheat Seeds
Authors: Jagtap Sagar Shankar , Vidyasagar P. B.
Published: August 2020

Higher g value stimuli (gravitational acceleration more than 1 g and referred as hyper gravity) caused by centrifugation have been shown to inhibit elongation growth of various plants. In the present study, effects of high g values were studied on wheat seeds with and without water medium at the time of exposure to high g values. Wheat seeds (variety: LOK-1) were washed with 0.5% fungicide and then 4-5 times with distilled water (D/W). Seeds were then soaked in D/W for 24 hrs. Two different experiments were performed. In initial experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes filled with 1 ml D/W. Seeds were exposed to hypergravity ranging from 500 g to 2500 g for 10 minutes. In another experiment, soaked seeds were taken into the centrifuge tubes without water or any other medium and then exposed to high g values. After exposure seeds were immediately sowed on 0.8% agar gel. Results obtained showed that exposure to high g values suppressed growth in wheat seedlings when seeds were exposed to high g values with water as a medium. Chlorophyll content also decreased with increase in g. However, no change in growth and chlorophyll content were observed when seeds were exposed without water medium up to g values as high as 2500. Thus, effects of high g value stimuli depend not only on how much centrifugal force is applied to the seeds but also depends upon how much force is experienced by the inner part of the seeds.  Present observation shows that effective centrifugal force experienced by the seeds is different when applied with and without medium.
PENGARUH BRAND EQUITY DAN ONLINE CONSUMER REVIEW TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PADA PRODUK SUNSCREEN WARDAH
Authors: Pramesthya Praba Sari Ida Ayu Gede , Hasbi Imanuddin
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan terkait brand equity dan online consumer review produk sunscreen Wardah. Terdapat beberapa review negatif untuk produk sunscreen Wardah yang dituliskan pengguna pada website review Female Daily dan Soco Review, jika dibandingkan dengan produk tabir surya lainnya yang sudah memiliki 2000 lebih review pada website review Female Daily dan SOCO Review, sunscreen Wardah memiliki nilai terendah. Jika dibandingkan dengan produk sunscreen lainnya seperti Emina, Loreal, dan Biore Wardah memiliki jumlah penjualan terendah pada e-commerce Shopee dan Tokopedia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana brand equity pada produk sunscreen Wardah, bagaimana online consumer review pada produk sunscreen Wardah, besarnya pengaruh brand equity dan online consumer review secara simultan dan parsial terhadap purchase intention pada produk sunscreen Wardah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deksriptif-kausalitas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode non-probability sampling jenis incidental sampling, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian brand equity dan online consumer review secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap purchase intention pada produk sunscreen Wardah.
ANALISIS SWOT BALANCED SCORECARD (BSC) DALAM KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN UMKM BATIK DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI
Authors: Suwarno Suwarno , Pramono Teguh
Published: August 2020

Strategi model kebijakan dalam memberdayakan UMKM dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Balanced Scorecard (BSC) sebagai metode analisis. Adapun tahap pertama diawali dengan analisis SWOT. Analisis SWOT bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana posisi UMKM berada pada posisi kuadran satu, dua, tiga atau empat. Dari hasil analisis diketahui posisi UMKM batik Kediri saat ini berada pada kondisi baik namun menghadapi tantangan yang harus dihadapi kedepannya sehingga strategi yang harus dilakukan adalah strategi integrasi horizontal. Tahap kedua, setelah terpilihnya rekomendasi strategi dengan menggunakan metode SWOT, akan diukur dengan berlandaskan perspektif Model Kebijakan yang dapat diimplementasikan pada program kerja. Adapun keempat perspektif tersebut adalah Perspektif Pelanggan, Perspektif Finansial, Perspektif Pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan, serta Perspektif Bisnis Internal. Perspektif model kebijakan tersebut mencakup aspek modal usaha, pasar, kualitas produk, pemasaran, dan SDM. Setiap indikator dalam model kebijakan yang ada harus dilaksanakan dengan mengaplikatifkan dalam program kebijakan pemerintah.
PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN PERATURAN PERPAJAKAN, TARIF PAJAK, DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK (Studi Kasus pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Non Karyawan di KPP Pratama Cibinong Periode 2020)
Authors: Raharjo Nabilla Karlinda , Majidah Majidah , Kurnia Kurnia
Published: August 2020

Pajak merupakan sumber pendapatan negara yang memberikan kontribusi terbesar dalam mendukung APBN. Namun, penerimaan negara dari pajak di Indonesia belum optimal. Ketidakoptimalan tersebut karena masih rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dalam melaksanakan kewajiban perpajakannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemahaman peraturan perpajakan, tarif pajak, dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak secara simultan dan parsial. Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Non Karyawan yang tercatat wajib SPT di KPP Pratama Cibinong merupakan populasi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan convenience sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 orang. Data penelitian ini dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial, yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan Wajib Pajak hanya tarif pajak dan kualitas pelayanan. Sedangkan secara simultan, pemahaman peraturan perpajakan, tarif pajak, dan kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak.
Pemantauan Jenis Burung Pemangsa Pada Migrasi Arus Datang Di Gunung Sega, Karangasem Bali
Authors: Tyas Santi Ayuning , Yuni L.P.E.K , Sudaryanto F.X
Published: August 2020

Bird of prey migration is a phenomenon that occurs twice every year, namely the autumn migration and the spring migration. In Indonesia, autumn migration is also known as go-away migration, while spring migration is known as backflow migration. This study aimed to determine the species of birds of prey that pass on Mount Sega, Karangasem Bali during autumn migration in 2018. The study was conducted on 1 October - 30 November 2018 on Mt. Sega, Karangasem Bali using a method from Hume (1993). The species of birds of prey that were recorded were 7 species, consisting of 5 migrant species and 2 resident species. The migrant species recorded were the Chinese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter soloensis), the Japanese Sparrowhawk (Accipiter gularis), the Crested Honey Buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus), the Peregrine Falcon (Falco perigrinus), and the Short-toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus gallicus). The resident species recorded were the Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) and the Spotted Kestrel (Falco moluccensis).

Keywords: Accipiter, bird of prey, migration, Mt. Sega
Potensi Supernatan Kultur Lactobacillus sp. Untuk Mengontrol Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus FNCC6109 Pada Pakan Konsentrat Ayam
Authors: Bimantara Dandy , Ramona Yan , Ermayanti N.G.A Manik
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari potensi Lactobacillus sp. dan supernatannya dalam mengontrol pertumbuhan A. flavus FNCC6109 yang sering mengkontaminasi pakan konsentrat ayam. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara In vitro dan pengujian langsung pada pakan konsentrat ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua isolat Lactobacillus sp. yang berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi menunjukkan indikasi awal potensi biokontrol terhadap A. flavus FNCC6109. Hanya satu isolat terbaik (Isolat I) yang dipakai dalam penelitian lanjutan. Persentase laju pertumbuhan A. flavus FNCC6109 pada pakan konsentrat ayam dengan perlakuan supernatan Lactobacillus sp. I sebesar 30%(v/v) adalah 72% lebih rendah dibandingkan yang terjadi pada kontrol (pakan konsentrat tanpa perlakuan supernatan Lactobacillus sp. I).

 

Kata kunci : Lactobacillus sp., Aspergillus flavus FNCC6109, pakan konsentrat ayam
Elusidasi Awal Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia Catappa L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus Aureus ATCC25923 Penyebab Gingivitis
Authors: Purwaningsih Putu Pande , Darmayasa Ida Bagus , Astiti Ni Putu Adriani
Published: August 2020

Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional. Penggunaan bahan alam sebagai obat secara umum dinilai lebih aman serta memiliki efek samping yang relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan penggunaan obat modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui elusidasi awal daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun ketapang terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 penyebab gingivitis,dan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada Daun Ketapang.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 7 perlakuan konsentrasi ekstrak daun ketapang yaitu 1%, 2%,3%, 4%, 5%, kontrol positif (chlorexidine) dan kontrol negatif (etanol). Penentuan daya hambat ekstrak daun ketapang terhadap bakteri S. aureus menggunakan metode Kirby Beuer ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona bening akibat pemberian senyawa antibakteri yang berdifusi pada media tumbuh bakteri. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak (5%) maka semakin besar zona hambat yang terbentuk.Nilai efektivitas antibakteri daun ketapang tidak lebih baik daripada antiseptik yang diujikan. Hasil uji profil fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun ketapang mengandung tannin, saponin, terpenoid dan flavonoid. Hasil uji GC-MS teridentifikasi lima senyawa diantaranya yaitu Alpha Terpinolene, Cyclohexanol 5-methyl, Hexadecanoic acid, Octadecanoic acid, 1.2Benzenedicarboxylic acid. Kelima senyawa aktif tersebut berpotensi sebagai antibakteri.