bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SILK ROAD AND BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS IN THE ANCIENT EAST
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Arman A. Kudabay , Gulnar K. Mukanova ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Vladimir A. Yanchuk ,   Faculty of Psychology, Belarusian State University
Published: May 2022

In the modern world, which is striving for globalization and an increase in the number of means of communication, many researchers return to the history of the Great Silk Road as a means of transcontinental communication of peoples, countries, and economies. Since the end of the XX and at the beginning of the XXI century, new projects have been developed to "restoration" this path with the help of modern means and methods, in the context of understanding the new international economy. The relevance of the research is due to the need to turn to the beginning of the formation of this path, to its origins and understand how intercultural business communications were built in ancient times. The purpose of this study is to consider the process of establishing business ties between Ancient East countries. To determine the role of the participating countries, a historical and geographical approach was used. The chronological method is the leading research method of this problem, which allows us to trace the relationship between the causes and consequences of certain actions aimed at the construction and participation of countries in trade; the comparative, retrospective and analytical methods are also involved. These methods allow us to comprehensively consider how business ties were formed in the Ancient East. The article examines which peoples and empires were involved in the development of this ancient way, reveals what goals and methods were, and how the Great Silk Road influenced their development, both economically, culturally, and politically. In addition, the article reveals the role and participation of the peoples of modern Kazakhstan in the implementation of international trade in the Ancient East, and what prospects open up due to the development of new projects to restore this international communication. The study shows a comprehensive and chronological view of the formation of business communication in several countries involved in business relations in the region.
THE "SUCESS STORY" OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN A COUNTRY IN EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL AFRICA: ROMANIA AND CAMEROON (1970-1990)
Authors:   University of Donala, Faculty of Letters and Socials Sciences, Douala, Cameroon, Thomas Etamane Mahop Alain
Published: May 2022

The relations of friendship and cooperation between Romania and Cameroon in the 1970s had an exceptional quality, based on a strong and lasting partnership, reinforced by the status of the two countries. Romania, a country with a communist vocation, and Cameroon, a major privileged partner in diplomatic and economic relations. It is a traditionally close bilateral relationship initiated by the first President of Cameroon Hamadou Ahidjo, characterized by trust and mutual respect, which prevailed for twenty years. The establishment of an embassy in Cameroon then paved the way for the success of diplomatic relations, continuous and substantial development through dynamic and pragmatic political dialogue and close cooperation in many areas. The realization of several bilateral visits at governmental and parliamentary level, as well as economic missions, testified to this dynamic of the links and the importance that Yaoundé attached to Bucharest, to the open and constructive dialogue which existed between these two countries. It was therefore a priority relationship for Romania's policy aimed at the countries of Africa south of the Sahara; this is why Romania was interested in further strengthening bilateral political dialogue, diversifying and developing economic and sectoral cooperation, as well as pursuing close cooperation at the multilateral level, but also consulting on issues of common interest with Cameroon. Therefore, what were the priority axes of cooperation between the two countries? Was Cameroon a trade partner of Romania in Africa? What bilateral strategy was implemented to strengthen this partnership? Finally, what reflects the severance of diplomatic relations with Romania? The following analysis will answer the various main questions set out in order to better understand the role played by Romania in Cameroon in the 1970s to 1990s.
Evidence for Marine Consumption During the Upper Palaeolithic at “El Pirulejo” Inland Rock- Shelter (Southern Iberia Peninsula, Spain)
Authors: Naito Yuichi I. , Belmaker Miriam , Jiménez-Espejo Francisco J. , Simón-Vallejo María D. , Riquelme Cantal José Antonio , Parrilla-Giráldez Rubén , Cortés-Sánchez Miguel
Published: May 2022

During the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation, the Iberian Peninsula served as a faunal and human population refugium. Human foodways have always played a pivotal role in understanding social and cultural practices in prehistory. Nonetheless, the limited number of archaeological sites and human remains in this region hinders the complete understanding of these critical communities’ diet.To increase our knowledge about human consumption patterns, we selected three Magdalenian levels from the site of El Pirulejo (Southern Iberia Peninsula, Spain). These levels are characterized by a high abundance of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) remains (76–97% MNI), initially suggesting that rabbits were the primary source of protein for site inhabitants. Stable isotope analysis was conducted on two human teeth in tandem with stable isotope analysis of the rabbit teeth. Contrary to the expectations derived from the zooarchaeological analysis, rabbits were not a significant source of dietary protein. Carbon and nitrogen bulk isotopic values are the most enriched found in sampled human remains for this area and context.Our data supports aquatic food resource inclusion and increased resource diversity among Iberian hunter-gatherers during the Magdalenian. This study is consistent with previous studies that suggested a socio-economic network among human groups between inland and coastal regions in the terminal Pleistocene Southern Iberia.
Identification of material and psychological elements of crimes against humanity and how to deal with them in the international criminal court
Authors: Azik Parisa , Sheikholeslami Seyed Mohsen
Published: May 2022

Crimes against humanity are among the most severe international crimes. The conditions and characteristics of this category of crimes are such that it will sacrifice a large number of people. However, this crime is well criminalized in the international arena, and it has been included in the statute of the International Criminal Court and other statutes of international courts. Based on the importance of this subject, the current study aimed at the identification of the material and psychological elements of crimes against humanity and how to deal with them in the International Criminal Court. To do so, the library-based method has been used. First, the concept of crime against humanity and the structure and organization of the International Criminal Court are presented. Then, eleven material elements of crimes against humanity including murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation or forcible transfer of population, Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty, torture, sexual violence, harassment, enforced disappearance of persons, apartheid, and other inhumane acts of a similar character were investigated.
Assessment of the surgical outcomes of esotropia in pediatric subjects with high accommodative convergence/accommodation ratio
Authors: Bhojane Vidya Ramanth , Bule Sunil Maruti , Moolchandani Monesh Mahesh
Published: May 2022

Background: Treating subjects with a high AC/A ratio and with esotropia is a challenging and complex procedure, often associated with increased near deviation which may lead to various outcomes following the surgery. Aims: The present study was conducted to assess outcomes following surgery in children with esotropia who were surgically treated with primary bilateral medial rectus (BMR) recessions. The study also compared preoperative and postoperative measurements in subjects with a high AC/A ratio to a normal AC/A ratio to assess surgical outcomes. Materials and Methods: 122 subjects were divided into 2 groups based on AC/A ratio into high AC/A ratio and normal AC/A ratio The subjects with high AC/A were treated with bifocal management if they had near persistent ET of ≥10Δ in full cycloplegic correction and not if they had far ET of ≥10Δ. Target angle at the time of the surgery was assessed with stereopsis presence via positive butterfly/fly, and near and distance deviations ≤10Δ within orthophoria. These success outcomes were compared in subjects with normal AC/A ratio and AC/A ratio groups. The collected data were subjected to statistical evaluation.
portrayal of woman and equality in Lillian Hellman's The Little Foxes
Authors: Abdulsahib Islam F.
Published: May 2022

Silence is the speech of love. Traditionally women are expected to be in this speech. Women from the classical age are portrayed as serving wife, loving mother, and sacrificing lady who brings happiness, peace, and love to their Family at the cost of their happiness. But such ladies have been put down since the days of Adam and Eve in the Bible. From the start, she was held responsible. Women have suffered in every possible way since she bit into that apple through the years. Women were condemned to the lowest level of a vassal since men formed religion and men authored the Bible. The man could not bear that the first human being on the planet was a woman. Women, in general, have diverse or differing attributes based on their social and familial positions. However, their roles as mother, sister, and wife are the ones they cherish the most. They are not only in charge of the Family's finances, house management, and kitchen cleanliness, but they are also working to maintain the Family's harmony. As a result, the lady is fantastic. In the Little Foxes, Lillian Hellman explains the essence of womanhood and equality.
To explore the effect of pandemic on student teacher relationships
Authors: Asif Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Aim: Present investigation aimed at investigating the effect of pandemic On student teacher relationship. Methodology:    For present investigation researcher selected the sample size of approximately n=100 students sampling technique used was convenience sampling technique data was collected from schools STRS and LSBP tools were used to collect the data both the tools are highly reliable and valid. Results: Findings were in- conformity with previous researches linear regression showed that pandemic had an effect on student and teacher relationship multiple correlation showed R=.460 which is highly significant and very strong multiple correlation value. Conclusion: Findings show that there is an effect of pandemic on student teacher relationship furthermore it is also suggestive that since there are not lot studies on this topic so further more researches are needed to be conducted. Also, time with online media also increased which increased that seems to have significant impact on the mental well- being, value system is also affected significant in negative way.
Editorial
Authors: Paula Thiago
Published: May 2022

O Rio Grande encontra-se elencado entre as regiões mais antigas de colonização europeia das Américas. Ainda no século XVI recebeu em seu litoral marco de posse da Coroa portuguesa, já no século XVII foi território da América holandesa, chegando ao século XVIII como teatro do extermínio indígena durante a Guerra dos Bárbaros. Em meados dos anos setecentistas a região foi nomeada Rio Grande do Norte, consequência dos acordos diplomáticos entre as Coroas ibéricas que disputavam territórios no sul da América do Sul.
Bean meal and cactus pear in Santa Inês lamb rations for meat production: Intake, digestibility, performance, carcass yield, and meat quality
Authors: Do Nascimento Júnior José R. S. , Magalhães André L. R. , Sousa Daurivane R. , Bezerra Janieire D. C. , Melo Airon A. S. , Gois Glayciane C. , Campos Fleming S. , Santos Kelly C. , Pereira Kedes P. , Azevedo Paulo S. , Santos Luana M.
Published: May 2022

Aim of study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake, digestibility, performance, carcass yield, and meat quality parameters in Santa Inês lambs fed cactus pear and bean meal.
Area of study: NW Brazil
Material and methods: 32 intact Santa Inês male lambs were distributed in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (diets): control diet (concentrated feed containing corn and soybean meal as energy and protein ingredients); diet containing bean meal as a protein source; diet containing cactus pear as an energy source and; diet containing bean meal and/or cactus pear), using 8 animals per treatment. At the end of the experimental period, lambs were slaughtered with an average body weight of 32.78 kg.
Main results: Animal fed cactus pear and bean meal/cactus pear had a higher intake and digestibility for non-fibrous carbohydrates (p<0.05). Lambs fed cactus pear diet had greater water intake via diet and lower neutral detergent fibre digestibility compared to other evaluated diets (p<0.05). Cactus pear and bean meal/cactus pear diets promoted lower water intake concerning to control and bean meal diets (p<0.05). The lower feed conversion was observed for animals that received control diet (p<0.05). Carcass characteristics and meat quality were not affected for the diets (p>0.05). Bean meal can be used as a source of protein concentrate in combination with cactus pear promoting a reduction in the use of corn and soybean in diets for small ruminants. The use of cactus pear in the diets promoted a water supply to the animals.
Research highlights: Diets containing cactus pear and bean meal/cactus pear provided higher non-fibrous carbohydrates intake.
Role of adipokines in obstructive airway disease and diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India, Singh Seema , Singh Sunita , Kumar Santosh , Verma S K , Kant Surya
Published: May 2022

This review summarizes the state of the current literature relating to the associations of lung disease and adipokines (proteins produced by adipose tissue) in humans. The mechanistic basis for these associations in humans is not established, although a possible role for adipokines has been invoked. Leptin, a pro-inflammatory adipokine, and adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine, are causally associated with asthma in mice. Although human studies are currently inconclusive, high-serum leptin and low-serum adiponectin concentrations predict asthma, independent of obesity, in select population groups, such as premenopausal women in the United States. In contradistinction, low-serum leptin and high-serum adiponectin concentrations are associated with stable COPD, although these associations are likely confounded by fat mass. Interestingly, leptin may promote systemic and airway inflammation in stable COPD patients. On the other hand, COPD may upregulate systemic and lung adiponectin expression. The precise mechanism and significance of the associations between these adipokines and lung disease at the current stage are confusing and frankly paradoxical in places. It is now known that adipose tissue is not an inert organ simply for energy storage, but regulates systemic inflammation via a variety of secreted proteins (called adipokines). While the associations of obesity and adipokines with cardiovascular, endocrine, and rheumatological diseases are well described, the respiratory effects of obesity and adipokines are less well known. This review will focus on the effect of obesity and adipokines on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in humans. This area of research needs additional study that may open up novel therapeutic strategies for these lung diseases.
Path of Khruba: Leadership for Empowering Good Citizenship
Authors: Upanan Ardej , Boonsriton Parud , Phuwanatwichit Thongchai , Wannapaisan Chetthapoom
Published: May 2022

“Path of Khruba” is a discourse created in the context of Lanna society, to reflect the practice and attributes of monks in beautiful Buddhism, to be good and practice, as well as to be firm in dharma discipline, as well as to be highly respected of the people’s faith and to contribute significantly to the development of people and society. According to the study of Khruba practice in Lanna society, the “Path of Khruba” is the most popular. There are five key points of good citizenship: (1) Sujarittham, who focuses on non-corruption, public property of the community or the society in which they live (2) Karawatham, focus on citizens to respect the law, the rules and laws that the community or society have together designed and accepted are common practices (3) Sangkhahatham, focusing on the groups of people living together with the public consciousness and helping the underprivileged, as well as in need of help (4) Khantithamma, focus on the people who are tolerant of conflicting issues, and open to accepting differences in faith, culture, religion, language, and other values, and (5) Santitham, focusing on the power of peace and jointly addressing the conflict from escalating to violence by opening up space for reconciliation and consultation, this will lead to the coexistence between the groups of people by respecting, praising, and honoring each other. Therefore, “Path of Khruba” is the perfect combination between being a “good person” and a “good citizen” to become a model for the way citizens develops into society.
Personality-Based Career Recommender System using Probability Approach
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Nigeria
Published: May 2022

This research was carried out to develop a personality-based career recommender system, with the goal of solving the problem associated with career guidance in secondary schools. A questionnaire was constructed, based on Myers-Briggs personality-type indicator tests, a 20-question Psychological Test used often in personality assessment, aimed at identifying the personality type, strengths, and preferences of individuals. A 21st question was added to streamline the career options recommended to either Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields, or Arts/Commercial fields. This questionnaire was administered online and test data was collected. The 20questions were grouped into four (4) with each class represents either of 2 temperaments: Extrovert(E)/Introvert(I), Sensing(S)/Intuitive(N), Thinking(T)/Feeling(F) and Judging(J) /Perceptive(P). The grouping was done using probability technique to determine the outcome in each class. At the end of the grouping, (INFP-DREAMER) had the highest record. Class 15 and 16 (ISTJ-EXAMINER and ISTP-CRAFTMAN) had no record. Class 2(ENFP-ADVOCATE) had 16 records while Class 4 and 7 (ENTP-ORIGINATOR and ESTJ-OVERSEER) each had only 1 record. The system was designed and implemented using HyperText Markup Language, Cascading Style Sheets and JAVASCRIPT which can work in an internet or intranet environment.
Fabrication and evaluation of nanosponges of besifloxacin hydrochloride for ocular drug delivery
Authors: Pillai Mousumi Kar , Jain Preeti , Pillai Sujit
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to fabricate and evaluate drug loaded nanosponges for ophthalmic drug delivery in a controlled manner for effective therapy. The nanosponges were formed by anionic polymerization of Besifloxacin hydrochloride with ethyl cellulose as a polymer, in presence of polyvinyl alcohol as surfactant. Besifloxacin HCl loaded ethyl cellulose nanosponges were formulated at different rpm i.e 1000 ,1200, 1500, 1800,2000,3000 & 3500 to check the best outcomes. This change in rpm results in different particle size, entrapment efficiency and in vitro release. The selected formulations were evaluated for their antibacterial effect and due to the sustained property of polymer and surfactant property of polyvinyl alcohol, formulated nanosponges showed enhanced antimicrobial study. Keywords: Nanosponges, Besifloxacin Hydrochloride, Controlled release, Ethyl cellulose, Polyvinyl alcohol.
Sex Work, Technological Unemployment and the Basic Income Guarantee
Authors: Danaher John
Published: May 2022

Is sex work (specifically, prostitution) vulnerable to technological unemployment? Several authors have argued that it is. They claim that the advent of sophisticated sexual robots will lead to the displacement of human prostitutes, just as, say, the advent of sophisticated manufacturing robots have displaced many traditional forms of factory labour. But are they right? In this article, I critically assess the argument that has been made in favour of this displacement hypothesis. Although I grant the argument a degree of credibility, I argue that the opposing hypothesis -- that prostitution will be resilient to technological unemployment -- is also worth considering. Indeed, I argue that increasing levels of technological unemployment in other fields may well drive more people into the sex work industry. Furthermore, I argue that no matter which hypothesis you prefer -- displacement or resilience -- you can make a good argument for the necessity of a basic income guarantee, either as an obvious way to correct for the precarity of sex work, or as a way to disincentivise those who may be drawn to prostitution.
Evolving Notions of Nonhuman Personhood
Authors: Riddle Dorothy I.
Published: May 2022

Decisions regarding the attribution of personhood to nonhuman animals have implications not only for the rights held by a particular species but also for the moral obligations of humans as moral agents. Since humans decide which species are accorded moral standing, thus becoming candidates for legal standing as legal persons, we need to be aware of our own vested interests in where the boundaries of duty are drawn. This paper argues that simple determination of moral standing is not sufficient to induce relevant changes in moral behavior. It examines six problems that emerge for us in determining the personhood of nonhuman animals: identifying which capacities we believe to be morally relevant, separating the identification of capacities from the duty consequences, designing appropriate methodologies for assessing morally relevant capacities in nonhuman animals, identifying relevant claim rights for nonhuman animals, resolving competing moral interests among species and between nonhumans and humans, and ensuring appropriate moral behavior. The conclusion of this examination is that we have a long way to go in order to be consistent in our moral behavior.
Confronting Existential Risks With Voluntary Moral Bioenhancement
Authors: Rakić Vojin , Ćirković Milan M.
Published: May 2022

We outline an argument favoring voluntary moral bioenhancement as a response to existential risks humanity exposes itself to. We consider this type of enhancement a solution to the antithesis between the extinction of humanity and the imperative of humanity to survive at any cost (e.g., by adopting illiberal strategies). By opting for voluntary moral bioenhancement, we refrain from advocating illiberal or even totalitarian strategies that would allegedly help humanity preserve itself. We argue that such strategies, by encroaching upon the freedom of individuals, already inflict a degree of existential harm on human beings. We also give some pointers as to the desirable direction for morally enhanced post-personhood.
Using Delphi and System Dynamics to Study the Cybersecurity of the IoT-Based Smart Grids
Authors: Rabelo Luis , Ballestas Andres , Valdez Javier , Ibrahim Bibi
Published: May 2022

IoT-based Smart Grids (SGs) are important to modern society. SGs can improve the profitability and reliability of the electric power system by incorporating renewable energies and highly developed communication technologies. The communication network plays an essential role in electrical networks, and trends favor implementing SGs with IoT devices. However, these IoT-based SGs are vulnerable to cyberattacks. This article presents our studies of malware that can attack IoT-based SGs. First, the article explains as a first step the conclusions of a literature survey on SGs complemented with a Delphi process with security experts to understand trends and malware with an emphasis on the IoT area. Next, the article discusses the behavior of the chosen malware using System Dynamics and calibration with stochastic optimization. Finally, conclusions are given, which identify research work to be carried out using more in-depth modeling with agent-based simulation and multiple resolution modeling (MRM). MRM can provide a platform to integrate with time, scale, and space specialized models of each system of the SGs to support the development of effective risk management schemes.
Parental involvement in children's education. Poland compared to the countries of Central and Eastern Europe on the basis of PISA 2018 data
Authors: Walczak Anna , Walczak Bartłomiej
Published: May 2022

The article is an attempt to compare the characteristics and correlates of parental involvement (PI) in the education of their children in 11 countries of Central and Eastern Europe: Belarus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Ukraine and Hungary. The data comes from the PISA 2018 survey and is based on representative, nationwide samples of 15-year-old students and their parents. The study used an analysis of variance and a series of logistic regression models. The three countries with the highest PI level among the CEE countries are Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Poland turned out to be a leader only in terms of passive involvement (talks about the child's progress at the teacher's initiative). On average, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe are characterized by a high level of passive and low active involvement, and at the same time parents are more involved in material and non-material support for the school than in Western European countries. The feeling of being supported by 15 year old students is common. Even in Poland, where the rate was the lowest among the 11 surveyed countries, it was around 80%. PI is strongly associated with two variables: the gender of the student and the material status of the household. Students are more likely to receive support and as their economic status increases. The latter exceeds the influence of educational status.
Att identifiera och beskriva naturvetenskapligt ämnesläsande i språkligt heterogena mellanstadieklassrum
Authors: Uddling Jenny , Lindholm Anna
Published: May 2022

För att kunna delta fullt ut i naturvetenskapliga klassrum behöver elever, i synnerhet elever som undervisas på sitt andraspråk, stöd i att utveckla ämneslitteracitet. Det över­gripande syftet med studien är att föreslå en analysmodell som kan användas för att identifiera och beskriva ett naturvetenskapligt ämnesläsande på mellanstadiet. Med hjälp av analysmodellen undersöks om och i så fall hur elever i två språkligt heterogena klasser ges möjlighet att delta i ämnesläsande under arbete med läromedelstexter. Teoretiskt bygger modellen på a) hur experter närmar sig naturvetenskapliga texter, och b) typiska språkliga utmaningar som finns i naturvetenskapliga läromedelstexter. I denna studie används data från observationer gjorda i två klasser – i ett biologiklassrum i årskurs 4 och ett fysikklassrum i årskurs 5. Resultaten visar att eleverna i båda klasserna ges möjligheter att delta i naturvetenskapligt ämnesläsande, såsom att trans­formera ett ämnesinnehåll mellan olika modaliteter och uppmärksamma tekniska ord och taxonomiska relationer. Vår analysmodell kan alltså användas för att identifiera och beskriva ämnesläsande i naturvetenskapliga mellanstadieklassrum, men också i senare skolår. Studiens resultat kan bidra till att lärare blir medvetna om och tydligare kan för­stå vilka aspekter av ämneslitteracitet som behandlas i deras egna klassrum. Emellertid behöver modellen i större utsträckning anpassas till de olika texter som elever möter i naturvetenskaplig undervisning.
Mandrit: a system for automatic generation of musical visualizations for rhythm analysis
Authors: Moura Rute , Cabral Giordano , Almeida Horhanna , Scholz Ricardo
Published: May 2022

Faced with the representational challenge of visually communicating musical information, we developed Mandrit: a system for automatic generation of musical visualizations for rhythm analysis. It uses data extracted from MIDI files to plot graphs for different songs, representing their rhythmic signatures. The system is customizable and presents new ways to visualize pace through different metrics. We aim to encourage the discussion in this field and the development of tools to generate musical visualizations, as a means to help musicians and scholars in musical analysis, teaching, composing and complementing musical performances.
Evaluating the Automatic Chord Estimation and Alignments tasks needs using metrics from a code challenge
Authors: Silva Valter Jorge da , Cabral Giordano Ribeiro Eulalio
Published: May 2022

Automatic Chord Estimation is a subject of Music Information Retrieval who tries to extract the chords of a song in an usable manner. In the last year, many reseachers tried to overperform the quantitative metrics, but the results lack reprodutibility by who needs them, musicians. In this article, we reviewed the state of art of some of this areas and performed a code Challenge who was evaluated by some of the MIREX metrics and by musicians. Then, with this results, we evaluated the need of evolution on the Estimation task and on the Alignment Task of the MIR area.
Training a convolutional neural network for note onset detection on the clarinet
Authors: Magalhães Tairone N. , Loureiro Mauricio A.
Published: May 2022

Although computational models for note onset detection have improved drastically in the last decade, mainly due to the advances brought by the field of Deep Learning, such models have not been perfected yet. When dealing with specific data, like clarinet recordings, those models still produce a significant number of false positives and negatives. In this paper, we evaluate pre-trained onset detection models from the library madmom on a dataset composed of solo clarinet recordings, in particular, to investigate their performance on this kind of data. Moreover, we use the clarinet dataset to train the same neural network (CNN) employed in one of those models, to investigate whether training the model on this specific data leads to an improvement when dealing with clarinet recordings. The results obtained from the model trained strictly on clarinet data are considerably better than those from models trained on generic data.
On Generalist and Domain-Specific Music Classification Models and Their Impacts on Brazilian Music Genre Recognition
Authors: Silva Diego Furtado , Silva Angelo Cesar Mendes da , Ortolan Luís Felipe , Marcacini Ricardo Marcondes
Published: May 2022

Deep learning has become the standard procedure to deal with Music Information Retrieval problems. This category of machine learning algorithms has achieved state-of-the-art results in several tasks, such as classification and auto-tagging. However, obtaining a good-performing model requires a significant amount of data. At the same time, most of the music datasets available lack cultural diversity. Therefore, the performance of the currently most used pre-trained models on underrepresented music genres is unknown. If music models follow the same direction that language models in Natural Language Processing, they should have poorer performance on music styles that are not present in the data used to train them. To verify this assumption, we use a well-known music model designed for auto-tagging in the task of genre recognition. We trained this model from scratch using a large general-domain dataset and two subsets specifying different domains. We empirically show that models trained on specific-domain data perform better than generalist models to classify music in the same domain, even trained with a smaller dataset. This outcome is distinctly observed in the subset that mainly contains Brazilian music, including several usually underrepresented genres.
Correlating Big Five Primary Personality Dimensions with Musical Preferences
Authors: Moreira Júnior Luiz Delando Santos , Cabral Guilherme Ribeiro Eulálio , Cabral Giordano Ribeiro Eulálio
Published: May 2022

According to J Clement in 2019 an estimated 2.95 billion people were using social media worldwide, with a projection of 3.43 billion in 2023. Social networks increasingly play a fundamental role in the way of expressing our-selves and relating to others, in which it is directly linked to our personality. Several studies relate a persons personality to the most diverse areas, such as predicting political orientation, classifying gender, or even measuring the level of success at work. Wu Youyou, 2015 proposes an algorithm that can allegedly estimate the personality of a Facebook user better than his partner, based on his digital footprint, thanks to AI techniques and the massive number of inter-actions that users perform on their social media. The focus of this work is to relate the Big Five personality theory with musical preferences. Since social media posts register moments and impressions of users lives, and since music streaming platforms provide material about musical taste second Peter J RentFrow et al, 203, we used tools to extract the big five primary personality dimensions from Facebook and audio features from the Spotify Web API, and looked for correlations be-tween musical preferences and personality. Results show some correlations and anticorrelations found, pointing to further research with a broader range of features.
Design process and rapid prototyping of animated music visualizations
Authors: Almeida Horhanna , Cabral Giordano , Moura Rute
Published: May 2022

The production of animations for Musical Information Visualization is still scarce and has challenges in the way of visually communicating information. Due to the need for domains of editing software, demanding technical skills and specific knowledge related to each area: animation, music, design and computing. In this article, we present a systematic review of the animated visualization area and, based on its conception processes, we elaborate an experimental model for the creation, prototyping and construction of musical animations. And through sessions developing quick prototypes, where we obtained qualitative results with feedback collection. We conclude that the importance of animation is exceptional, as an ally in the process of designing and creating a musical visualization, as it facilitates the representation of time to communicate structural elements of music, as they are dynamically arranged in a graphic area.
Análise de características acústicas para identificação de triggers em gêneros e áudios musicais distintos
Authors: Fernandes Marco Antonio dos Santos , Ribeiro Estela , Thomaz Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho analisa em detalhes uma base pública internacional de áudios musicais acerca das características acústicas presentes nas amostras existentes. Ao todo mil áudios classificados em dez gêneros musicais foram analisados em relação às suas características acústicas, com objetivo de buscar padrões nos triggers presentes nas amostras de cada gênero musical e a quantidade destes para aplicação em estudos subsequentes de ativações cerebrais geradas pela escuta destas músicas. Os resultados mostram que dentre os dez gêneros musicais presentes na base de áudios, dois desses (Disco e Metal) não apresentam número de triggers suficiente para tal aplicação.
Modelo automático de classificação de gêneros musicais amazônicos
Authors: Silva Douglas , Zampar Lucas , Rodrigues Felipe , Gomes Cláudio
Published: May 2022

A globalização afeta a preferência musical da sociedade atual, que apresenta continua estima por ou gêneros musicais internacionais em detrimento aos nacionais ou locais. A música é dos meios de comunicação utilizados para a construção e organização da estrutura social influenciando o estilo de vida, gostos e convivência interpessoal. Portanto, cada manifestação de gênero musical apresenta função distinta para um ouvinte, como por exemplo, para dançar, festejar, descançar, ajudar na solidão, na tristeza etc. Diversos aplicativos como spotify e soundcloud, utilizam-se de classificadores de gêneros musicais para indicar, prever ou sugerir novas músicas para seus ouvintes. Por diversos motivos, a maioria dos classificadores não possui informações de gêneros musicais regionais. Este trabalho propõem um modelo de classificação automático de gêneros musicais populares amazônicos. Inicialmente, confeccionou-se uma base de dados contendo os gêneros musicais: andino, brega, carimbó, cúmbia, marabaixo, pasillo, salsa e vaqueirada, oriundos da região da Amazônia Legal dos países: Brasil, Guiana Francesa, Venezuela, Colômbia, Equador, Bolívia e Peru. Para a construção da base de dados, extraiu-se diversas características de cada música ao total de 64 parâmetros. Analisou-se os modelos de aprendizado de máquina na qual XGB, KNN, SVM e MLP obtiveram acurácia de 67.62%, 74.12%, 71.35%, 76.13%, respectivamente.
Camomile-ELSE: creating plugins with Pure Data patches and the ELSE library
Authors: Astorga E. M. V. , Porres Alexandre Torres
Published: May 2022

Camomile is an open source project that turns patches made in the Pure Data programming language into plugins (VST, VST3, LV2 and Audio Unit) so you can load them in any plugin host on Windows, Linux and MacOS. We have a fork of this project that embeds the ELSE library of Pure Data externals into camomile so you dont have to only rely on the limited set of native Pure Data objects. This paper describes the potential of the Camomile project, how it makes the creation of plugins very accessible to people without a background in computer science and also how this process is improved by including the extensive ELSE library. We also offer an overview of similar projects and the technical details of including the ELSE library into the camomile project.
Cerâmica e silício na criação musical
Authors: Souza Carlos Eduardo Oliveira de , Silva Jônatas Araújo da , Andrade Rafael Alves Soares de , Schiavoni Flávio Luiz
Published: May 2022

Esse artigo aborda uma pesquisa transdisciplinar entre áreas de música, computação, acústica e cerâmica. O projeto foi desenvolvido com a ideia de criar um instrumento composto por diversos smartphones que se comunicam por protocolos de rede gerados em patches criados no pure data em conjunto com a plataforma MobMuPlat. Sendo assim, temos um conjunto de ”vozes”, onde cada celular exerce o papel de um músico abstrato. Esses celulares são acoplados em amplificadores modelados em cerâmica que respondem de formas diversas às frequências tocadas, criando assim, uma camada sonora alterada, compondo o instrumento não só como um amplificador, mas também como efeito, influenciando no timbre final.
Rapid prototyping: using Wizard of Oz to emulate machine learning features for interactive artistic applications
Authors: Aleluia Alessandra , Cabral Giordano
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present using the Wizard of Oz method to rapid prototyping machine learning features in interactive artistic applications. Machine learning systems often require time and resources until they were available to be executed. But in the era of agile movement where we have to test as soon as possible and in artistic solutions whose scope initially perhaps be unclear, there is a need for a way to fast testing hypothesis. We also briefly described Ama, a system for adult ballet training at home, which served as a proof of concept of our strategy.
A prospective report on the research developed at the Laboratory of Audio and Music Technology at USP
Authors: Faria Regis Rossi A. , Thomasi Ricardo , Monnazzi João , Bonachela Eduardo , Giolito André , Lemos Gabriel
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a concise report on the research developed at the Laboratory of Audio and Music Technology at the EACH-USP. The laboratory was founded in 2011 targeting the areas of music technology, musical acoustics and bioacoustics, strengthening its scope in 2019 to the areas of sound and music computing and audio engineering. Six projects are presented herein, describing their application areas, goals, achievements and perspectives.
Alice no país da pandemia (2021)
Authors: Schiavoni Flávio Luiz , Fonseca Ana Clara Medina , Paulo Avner Maximiliano de , Souza Carlos Eduardo Oliveira de , Silva Cleisson José Dias da , Costa Emerson Junio Silva , Carvalho Fábio dos Passos , Rocha Gabriel Lopes , Carneiro Gabriel Rodrigues Chaves , Silva Júnior Igino de Oliveira , Andrade Igor Alves Estevam , Oliveira Isadora Franco , Lara João Marcos de Oliveira , Araújo João Teixeira , Oliveira João Pedro Mendes de , Silva Jônatas Araújo da , Gonçalves Luan Luiz , Santos Lucas Estevão dos , Sousa Luiz Gustavo Colzani Monti , Lellis Mariana Pereira , Jordão Matheus de Bonfim Rodrigues , Andrade Rafael Alves Soares de , Soares Rebeca Lima , Costa Rômulo Augusto Vieira , Rabay Samuel Rodrigues
Published: May 2022

O ALICE - Arts Lab in Interfaces, Computers, and Everything Else é um laboratório de pesquisa do Departamento de Computação da Federal University of São João del-Rei. Acolhendo pesquisadores de várias áreas, o ALICE tem desenvolvido pesquisas nas áreas de processos criativos amparados pela tecnologia, música em rede, paisagens sonoras, orquestras de dispositivos e outras áreas em que é possível aliar arte e tecnologia sem que uma destas áreas se coloque acima da outra. Neste artigo, apresentamos nossos desenvolvimentos recentes e lamentos atuais em um ano em que a distância de nossos corpos tenta ser superada pela onipresença das redes de computadores.
COUT-e e práticas itinerantes durante 2020 e 2021
Authors: Silva Douglas , Zampar Lucas , Rodrigues Felipe , Gomes Cláudio
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta ações em andamento e finalizadas pelo grupo itinerante de COmputacão mUsical e Tecnologias Emergentes (COUT-E) da Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) durante o período de 2020 e 2021. Comenta-se sobre os projetos Handy Hear, CongAr, Acalma-te, classificação de ritmos populares da amazônia e sincronização rítmica entre fontes distintas em tempo real.
Relatório de Pesquisa NESCoM 2021
Authors: Costalonga Leandro , Neves Marcus Vinícius das
Published: May 2022

The NESCoM is a multidisciplinary research centre formed by musicians, engineers and computer scientists. This paper reports the ongoing projects and developments over the last two years, thus it is an update over the research report published in 2019. As a Brazilian research group, with solid international collaboration, we have opted to intercalate the language used to write the report, therefore the 2021 version is written in Portuguese. The main projects developed in these two years timeframe are related to interaction design based on (bio)musicality, robotic music performance, and ubiquitous music. In addition, a strong artistic production is also described. If you are interested to get to know more about the projects, do not hesitate to contact us.
Oficina Música Visual gerativa
Authors: Moura Rute , Jácome Jarbas , Garcia Vinícius , Carneiro Gustavo , Almeida Horhanna , Pugliesi Mavi
Published: May 2022

A computação expande as possibilidades na criação de obras artísticas de música visual, com a intencionalidade da associação algorítmica entre elementos do som e elementos gráficos para geração de visualizações. No entanto, há dificuldades interdisciplinares na exploração destes artefatos, pois as pessoas interessadas na temática nem sempre encontram direcionamentos para construí-las. Sendo assim, essa oficina surge pela necessidade de proporcionar a experimentação dessas potencialidades tecnológicas e tem por objetivo estabelecer um ambiente de criação colaborativa durante o SBCM 2021, propondo experimentação de códigos que integram o processamento de som e processamento e síntese de imagem. Utilizaremos um processo de Design colaborativo, considerando os participantes como protagonistas de seus experimentos pelo mapeamento de suas expectativas e interesses, auxiliados por tutorias e esperando obter como resultado esboços e contribuições experimentais de música visual gerativa.
Phylogenetic position of genera Acrostilicus Hubbard and Pachystilicus Casey (Staphylinidae, Paederinae) and their redescription
Authors: Żyła Dagmara , Tokareva Alexandra , Koszela Katarzyna
Published: May 2022

Acrostilicus Hubbard, 1896 and Pachystilicus Casey, 1905 are North American genera known from only one and two species, respectively, and have never been a subject of a modern revision. In fact, Acrostilicus was not even properly described as its author provided only a sketchy diagnosis of the genus and species. Here, we provide a redescription of the genus Acrostilicus and its species and illustrate the habitus and male genital features. For the first time, we also redescribe Pachystilicus and its two species, and provide their differential diagnoses. Additionally, we tested the phylogenetic position of both genera. They were scored into a morphological matrix supplemented with molecular data and the analyses were run using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. A total of 119 morphological characters and 4859 bp of nuclear (28S, TP, Wg, CADA, CADC, ArgK) and mitochondrial (COI) sequences were analysed for 46 taxa. The results confirmed that both Acrostilicus and Pachystilicus are members of the subtribe Stilicina, but at the same time challenged the monophyly of the subtribe in its current composition. Additionally, we provided further evidence for non-monophyly of the subtribe Medonina and discussed the biology of Acrostilicus and Pachystilicus.
Historia de la educación, historia de la salud y la enfermedad. ¿Caminos paralelos? Por una historia inter/multidisciplinar
Authors: Perdiguero-Gil Enrique , Del Cura Gonzalez Mercedes
Published: May 2022

Presentación del monográfico Educación y salud: intersecciones, desencuentros y sinergias en la segunda mitad del siglo XX
Editorial - A importância da revista A Luz em Cena
Authors: Godois Ivo , Faleiro José Ronaldo
Published: May 2022

Texto escrito para o editorial do volume 1 número 1 da revista A Luz em Cena referente ao seu lançamento e ao dossiê A Luz e as Relações Cenográficas.
Vestido de Noiva (1943) entre a luz ativa e passiva de Adolphe Appia: uma metodologia de análise
Authors: Teixeira Eduardo de Souza
Published: May 2022

Este artigo analisa algumas cenas do espetáculo Vestido de Noiva, peça de Nelson Rodrigues (1912-1980), com o olhar voltado para a sua iluminação, a fim de perceber a atividade da luz na expressão dos espaços (ambientes) através do contraste entre luz e sombra. Para tal fim, utiliza-se metodologicamente os conceitos de luz ativa e luz passiva do suíço Adolphe Appia (1862-1928) para análise da planta de luz de palco e do roteiro de operação de luz original da estreia do espetáculo em dezembro de 1943, descobertos no acervo de João Angelo Labanca (1913-1988) e disponíveis no Centro de Documentação da Fundação Nacional de Arte.
O uso da luz na composição cenográfica
Authors: Teixeira Jociel Carvalho , Freitas Walter Façanha
Published: May 2022

O artigo propõe-se a fazer uma reflexão por meio de um relato de experiência sobre o processo criativo da luz na composição cenográfica. Uma vez que a luz, em alguns casos, complementa um cenário, apresentando-se e tornando-se a própria cenografia. Assim, julga-se pertinente expor procedimentos utilizados para a construção da iluminação nos espetáculos relatados. Para tanto, apresenta-se um levantamento histórico e teórico da relação entre iluminação e cenografia, com base nos autores Appia (1962), Tudella (2018), Forjaz (2008) e Camargo (2012). Tal discussão propõe um diálogo entre os autores mencionados, os processos criativos de quatro espetáculos que trabalham lâmpadas, luminárias e sombras como cenografia e a luz como efeito cenográfico.