bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIABETIC FOOT SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE EXPERIENCES OF PEOPLE WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Lopes Geysa Santos Góis , Rolim Isaura Letícia Tavares Palmeira
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the social representations about the experiences of people with diabetic foot. Method: a qualitative study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, carried out with 28 participants, in reference services for the treatment of diabetic foot in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, from February to May 2019. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews, a script to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile and a field diary. Content analysis was applied with the support of a qualitative data analysis software for categorization. Results: the results made it possible to identify two categories: experiencing diabetic foot, with the respective subcategories, and social responses to diabetic foot. The first category includes the following subcategories: cognitive aspects, psycho-affective aspects, social aspects and morality. The social representations of diabetic foot were based on a painful daily experience, with reference to functional loss, dependence on others and difficulty performing activities that were previously usual. Conclusion: the study made it possible to assert that diabetic foot is an object of social representation, showing how people build, connect and apply knowledge. The research constitutes a support tool for the care of people with diabetic foot, as it assists in the planning of interventions with impacts on the development of representations that generate positive health behaviors, from the perspective of foot self-monitoring.
European strategic trade policy and Brazilian export growth during the nineteenth century
Authors: Absell Christopher David
Published: April 2022

Abstract Until the Amazonian rubber boom, cane sugar and coffee were the two most important export commodities for Brazil during the nineteenth century. Despite inherent differences in methods of cultivation, both sugar and coffee at once benefitted and suffered from the characteristics of Brazil’s factor endowment in land, labour and capital. Yet these two export commodities demonstrated divergent growth patterns across the nineteenth century. The difference was not one of relative productivity and thus price competitiveness disadvantage, but of the imperfectly competitive nature of the international market for each commodity. European governments actively practised strategic trade policy to transfer profits from foreign to domestic or colonial firms. These market distortions were exogenous, imposed by consumer markets, and took the form of European colonial tariff preferences and subsidies to domestic production. Coffee suffered less from imperfect competition, thus remaining more profitable to Brazilian agricultural producers in the long run.
Uma análise além da renda: o pioneirismo de Gunnar Myrdal na abordagem econômica sobre as desigualdades sociais
Authors: Ferreira Carolina Coelho , Salles Alexandre Ottoni Teatini
Published: April 2022

Resumo Estudos sobre desigualdade na Ciência Econômica formam um campo amplo e consolidado, e são majoritariamente direcionados às desigualdades econômicas. Nas primeiras duas décadas do século XXI, movimentos sociais em diversos países fizeram reacender o debate, de tal forma que eminentes economistas passaram a incorporar questões sociais às suas análises sobre as desigualdades econômicas. O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar que esta forma multidisciplinar de analisar as desigualdades foi empregada de forma pioneira por Gunnar Myrdal ainda na década de 1960, período em que os estudos sobre o tema eram muito correlacionados a métricas de renda e riqueza. A partir deste resgate, o artigo argumenta que a ampla gama de desigualdades sociais não surge apenas como uma consequência da distribuição desigual de renda. Por isso, sugere que o debate sobre a redução das desigualdades deve incorporar análises mais amplas tais como aquelas sugeridas por Myrdal. O artigo conclui que a efetiva redução das desigualdades sociais ocorre por meio da execução de profundas e lentas reformas estruturais.
Tecnologias assistivas para deficiência visual e auditiva ofertadas aos estudantes de medicina no Brasil
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Torres Rhian Costa , Ribeiro Klynsman Grisotto Faria
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Assistive technologies (AT) are products, equipment, devices, resources, methodologies and strategies that can be used in education to promote autonomous learning and academic success for students who have some type of disability. Objective: The objective was to analyze the AT available in medical courses in Brazil to support medical students with hearing and/or visual impairment. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used data from undergraduate medical courses participating in the Higher Education Census coordinated by Anísio Teixeira National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, INEP), in 2018. AT for students with hearing and/or visual impairment that were available in medical courses were evaluated considering the characteristics of the institution, such as the type of administration (public versus private), location (capital versus interior) and the year the course started (from the year 2000 versus before year 2000). Results: In 2018, there were 323 active medical courses in Brazil. Most of them (90%) confirmed the offer of at least one type of AT. The discipline of Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS, Linguagem Brasileira de Sinais) was the most frequently offered AT (80%) and tactile material was the least offered AT (32%). There was greater comprehensiveness of AT supply for medical students in courses with a private administration, compared to the public ones. The location and the year the course started did not influence the provision of AT in Brazil. The courses showed better AT comprehensiveness to support students with hearing impairment than those with visual impairment. Conclusion: Most medical courses supply AT for people with visual and/or hearing impairments who are medical students, but incompletely. Although the location of the course and the length of time that the course has been active did not influence AT provision, the study revealed inequalities. Medical students with visual and/or hearing impairments have access to assistive technologies especially in courses with private administration, adding more barriers to their financial possibilities, which are already sufficiently affected by the fact that they have to meet the essential needs common to people living with disabilities.
Assistive technologies for visual and hearing impairments offered to medical students in Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Torres Rhian Costa , Ribeiro Klynsman Grisotto Faria
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Assistive technologies (AT) are products, equipment, devices, resources, methodologies and strategies that can be used in education to promote autonomous learning and academic success for students who have some type of disability. Objective: The objective was to analyze the AT available in medical courses in Brazil to support medical students with hearing and/or visual impairment. Methods: This is a descriptive study that used data from undergraduate medical courses participating in the Higher Education Census coordinated by Anísio Teixeira National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, INEP), in 2018. AT for students with hearing and/or visual impairment that were available in medical courses were evaluated considering the characteristics of the institution, such as the type of administration (public versus private), location (capital versus interior) and the year the course started (from the year 2000 versus before year 2000). Results: In 2018, there were 323 active medical courses in Brazil. Most of them (90%) confirmed the offer of at least one type of AT. The discipline of Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS, Linguagem Brasileira de Sinais) was the most frequently offered AT (80%) and tactile material was the least offered AT (32%). There was greater comprehensiveness of AT supply for medical students in courses with a private administration, compared to the public ones. The location and the year the course started did not influence the provision of AT in Brazil. The courses showed better AT comprehensiveness to support students with hearing impairment than those with visual impairment. Conclusion: Most medical courses supply AT for people with visual and/or hearing impairments who are medical students, but incompletely. Although the location of the course and the length of time that the course has been active did not influence AT provision, the study revealed inequalities. Medical students with visual and/or hearing impairments have access to assistive technologies especially in courses with private administration, adding more barriers to their financial possibilities, which are already sufficiently affected by the fact that they have to meet the essential needs common to people living with disabilities.
Clinical success of infiltrant and resin sealant on incipient caries of permanent teeth: an integrative review of literature
Authors: PIMENTA Alexssandro Fermiano , SANTOS DAROZ Claudia Batitucci dos
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform an integrative literature review, presenting techniques to seal incipient caries, their advantages, indications and failures, and comparing their clinical success. Methods: The guiding question for this literature review was: What technique, sealant or resin infiltration, provides longer clinical longevity in sealing incipient caries lesions in permanent teeth? 1707 scientific articles published from 2005 to 2019 were searched in the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases, using the following keywords: “caries sealing”, “resinous infiltrant,” and “caries progression”. After their titles and abstracts were read, 10 papers were selected according to the inclusion criteria: papers written in the English language, randomized clinical control trials lasting at least one year, and techniques using infiltration sealing or resin sealant as the treatment method of active carious lesions in occlusal and proximal surfaces of permanent teeth with involvement up to the outer layer of dentin. The Mann-Whitney statistical test was used to compare the techniques (alpha=0.05). Results: Six studies used a split mouth design, and 4 studies had a parallel design, for a total sample of 1316 teeth. The studies achieved a high rate of clinical success in controlling carious lesion progression, with an average rate of 80% for the sealant, and 88% for the infiltrant, and with no statistical difference between the techniques (p-value=0.358). Conclusions: No difference in the clinical efficacy was observed between the resinous sealing and infiltrative resin techniques of incipient lesions in permanent teeth in one to seven years of follow-up.
Federalismo brasileiro: origem, evolução e desafios
Authors: Lopreato Francisco Luiz C.
Published: April 2022

Resumo O texto discute a origem e a evolução do federalismo brasileiro. Destaca os momentos em que mudanças nos elementos constitutivos do arranjo federalista definem outra configuração e dão lugar à nova etapa. A proposta é delinear as fases longas, divididas em três etapas (1891 a 1964; 1964 a 1988 e 1988 a hoje), e não as alterações pontuais ou de dimensão restrita que, embora relevantes em conjunturas particulares, não configuram um novo pacto federativo. O último tópico aponta entraves e desafios no combate a velhos problemas da federação brasileira.
Política monetária brasileira nos governos Dilma (2011-2016): um ensaio de ruptura e a restauração do conservadorismo
Authors: Martins Norberto Montani
Published: April 2022

Resumo A gestão da política monetária brasileira é marcada pelo conservadorismo desde a década de 1990. No primeiro governo de Dilma Rousseff, o Banco Central reduziu a taxa de juros a seu então piso histórico, parecendo romper com este padrão. Entretanto, de 2013 em diante, as diretrizes de política foram revistas, com a restauração de um conservadorismo ainda mais agudo. Este artigo descreve o comportamento da política monetária no Brasil entre 2011 e 2016, apresentando seus condicionantes ao longo do tempo. Analisa-se de que forma o arcabouço de metas para inflação respondeu às pressões sob a ótica da economia política e como a convenção em prol de elevadas taxas de juros se reafirmou após 2013. Argumenta-se que o comportamento rentista de empresas não-financeiras e a inação do governo em modificar a institucionalidade do referido regime sustentaram este comportamento da política monetária brasileira.
A curva ambiental de Kuznets na produção de resíduos sólidos domicialres nos municípios brasileiros, 2011-2015
Authors: Bayer Natássia Molina , Uranga Paulo Ricardo Ricco , Fochezatto Adelar
Published: April 2022

Resumo O trabalho testa a existência da Curva Ambiental de Kuznets (CKA) na relação entre o PIB per capita e a geração de resíduos sólidos nos municípios brasileiros. Foram estimados modelos de dados em painel para o período de 2011 a 2015. Os resultados confirmaram a hipótese da CKA para a produção de resíduos sólidos domiciliares nos municípios do país. Em relação às demais variáveis, observou-se que a cobrança pela prestação do serviço e a coleta seletiva tendem a causar uma diminuição na geração de resíduos sólidos per capita. Utilizando-se os municípios da região Nordeste como referência, observou-se que a produção de resíduos sólidos é menor nos municípios das regiões Sudeste e Sul. Para os municípios das regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste, as diferenças não foram significativas.
Economia política e jurisprudência na filosofia de Adam Smith
Authors: Müller Leonardo André Paes
Published: April 2022

Resumo O presente artigo visa localizar a economia política na filosofia moral de Adam Smith, em particular, sua separação da jurisprudência. Defende-se que o fundamento para tal separação deve ser buscado na tipologia das paixões desse autor, tal qual apresentada na Teoria dos sentimentos morais. As paixões sociáveis, egoístas e insociáveis produzem, cada uma, um tipo específico de interação social, cada um sendo regulado por uma virtude diferente, respectivamente, benevolência, prudência e justiça. Duas dessas séries se organizam como objetos de duas ciências diferentes, a saber, a jurisprudência natural e a economia política.
Instruments For Assessment Of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness In Brazilian Children And Adolescents: Systematic Review
Authors: Bajerski Andrei Eduardo , Jesus Incare Correa de , Menezes-Junior Francisco José de , Leite Neiva
Published: April 2022

Abstract Objective: To systematically review the literature on the instruments used to assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in Brazilian children and adolescents. Data source: A systematic review of the literature was performed in the databases MEDLINE PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, Scielo and SPORTDiscus, with no time limit for searches. The eligibility criteria were studies published in English and Portuguese, original articles that used questionnaires to assess EDS and whose sample consisted of Brazilian children and/or adolescents. As search strategy, the following terms were combined with Boolean operators “OR” and/or “AND”: drowsiness, disorders of excessive somnolence, excessive daytime sleepiness, day sleepiness, midday sleepiness, daytime sleepiness, adolescents, Brazil, Brazilian adolescents, and children. Data synthesis: Sixteen articles were selected, in which nine different instruments were applied to 8.240 children and adolescents from the South, Southeast, Midwest and Northeast regions of Brazil. The mean of methodological quality of studies was 16.1±1.9 points. The instruments most frequently used were the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), but only PDSS was shown reliable to assess EDS in Brazilian children and adolescents. Conclusions: The PDSS was the only instrument considered reliable to assess EDS in Brazilian children and adolescents. Further research on EDS in children and adolescents are suggested to perform the validation of other instruments for Brazil and present internal consistency values.
Consumption of food groups and associated factors among children aged 6 to 23 months
Authors: Siqueira Ilanna Mirela Becker Jorge , Godinho Ana Paula Kulig , de Oliveira Elaine Cristina Vieira , Madruga Fernanda Pons , Taconeli Cesar Augusto , Almeida Claudia Choma Bettega
Published: April 2022

Abstract Objective: To assess the consumption of food groups among children aged 6 to 23 months in day care centers and at home and its associated factors. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted with children from nursery schools in Guaratuba, Paraná. Parents answered a socioeconomic and demographic questionnaire. Food consumption was assessed by directly weighing the meals offered at the day care center. At home, parents filled an estimated food record. The reported foods were classified into seven food groups. Minimum dietary diversity was calculated by the proportion of children who consumed foods from four or more groups. Data were analyzed by simple and multiple logistic regression, presented as odds ratios. Results: A total of 213 children participated in this study. The average number of food groups consumed was 4.2±1.0 at home and 4.2±1.2 in day care centers. At the day care center, all children consumed grains, roots, and tubers, while at home, this rate was 99.1%. The egg group was the least consumed both at day care (6.6%) and at home (2.8%). At home, more than 60% of children consumed sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages. Children aged 12 to 23 months were more likely to consume milk and dairy products, as well as flesh foods. Higher income was associated with the consumption of legumes, and older maternal age with the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Conclusions: At home, children had a predominantly dairy-based diet and a high intake of ultra-processed foods. In day care centers, the consumption of healthy foods was higher, indicating the need for families to participate in the formation of healthy eating habits.
Modelos instituidores do ensino superior brasileiro alemão e francês: uma revisão crítica da literatura sob a ótica da empregabilidade
Authors: Marcon Mônica , Alves Tiago Wickstrom
Published: April 2022

A relação entre ensino superior e a empregabilidade é o tema do presente artigo. O objetivo é estabelecer fatos estilizados dos modelos de ensino superior Napoleônico (Francês) e Humboldtiano (Alemão) que evidenciem o perfil do egresso em termos de habilidades e competências para o mercado de trabalho. Tais modelos de ensino superior que influenciam a universidade brasileira desde sua constituição, geram habilidades e competências que se diferem em função do processo educacional a que se propõem, atuando sobre a empregabilidade de maneira peculiar. A metodologia empregada foi a elaboração de fatos estilizados a partir da revisão crítica da literatura. Os resultados revelaram que enquanto o modelo de ensino superior Napoleônico foca em desenvolver características práticas, o modelo de ensino Humboldtiano foca no desenvolvimento do pensar crítico do indivíduo.
Avaliação Acadêmica Multidimensional com o uso do “U-Multirank”
Authors: Prado Antonio Fernando Bertachini de Almeida
Published: April 2022

A avaliação de instituições Acadêmicas é um tópico de grande interesse no mundo e sempre trouxe muitas polêmicas. Esse assunto é atual no Brasil, pois a CAPES estuda novas formas de avaliação para a Pós-Graduação brasileira. A ideia principal é usar um modelo multidimensional, de forma a valorizar aspectos que são importantes para instituições Acadêmicas e para as comunidades onde estão inseridas, mas que não são captados pela avaliação atual, bastante focada em resultados gerados por pesquisas de ponta. Na ausência de uso de métodos multidimensionais de avaliação acadêmica no Brasil, é interessante analisar experiências internacionais nessa área para aprimorar o entendimento de como eles funcionam. Nesse cenário destaca-se o ranking acadêmico internacional “U-Multirank”, criado na Europa e que tem resultados desde 2014. O presente estudo analisará as Dimensões e Indicadores desse ranking e mostrará as correlações existentes entre Dimensões e Indicadores nas instituições de Ensino Espanholas.
Towards sustainable smart cities: a study on digital participatory planning in Oman
Authors: Sameer Nibras , Alalouch Chaham , Saleh Mohamed S. , Al-Saadi Saleh , Saleem Ashraf
Published: April 2022

Many cities are undergoing a transition towards sustainable smart cities (SSCs) that are built on advanced information technology infrastructure and support social justice. To achieve a smooth and effective transition to SSC, policies and delivery mechanisms should be put in place, and the readiness of both the government and the society should be assessed. This study focuses on digital participatory planning (DPP) as a precondition for social sustainability in SSC and aims to summarise and assess the current relevant local policies and endeavours in Oman; and to develop a generic framework to evaluate the readiness for DPP. In doing so, selective key literature, policies and initiatives were critically reviewed covering the SSC concept, establishing the link between the SSC and DPP, and eliciting a list of comprehensive DPP readiness factors. The results indicated that the Omani government has a clear will to move towards SSC and the country has already witnessed few initiatives supporting this direction. However, there is a lack of a clear action plan regarding DPP. Therefore, more work is required to systemise efforts. The study provides a generic framework to assess the readiness of the government and society for DPP and concludes with recommendations for policymakers.
A retrospective file audit of preoperative anaemia in patients referred to an anaesthesiology clinic before elective orthopaedic surgery
Authors: van Marie Anne-Cecilia , Acho Petra-Marie , Chepape Christine O , Mahlaba Reitumetse M , Dlamini Precious , Magugu Samkelisiwe , Mahlohla Kamogelo K , Teis Nicole , Kachelhoffer Anna M , Joubert Gina , Coetzee Marius J
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Preoperative anaemia has been shown to be associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and increased allogeneic blood transfusions. With elective surgery there is time to manage preoperative anaemia. The aim was to determine the prevalence of preoperative anaemia and evaluate how anaemia was investigated and managed in adult patients who were referred from the Orthopaedic Clinic to the Universitas Academic Hospital Anaesthesiology Clinic between January 2016 and December 2018 METHODS: The retrospective file audit included patient demographics, comorbidities and chronic medication, indication for elective surgery, haemoglobin level at first clinic visit, laboratory investigations done for anaemia, dates of clinic visits and surgery, whether the anaemia was corrected before surgery, and if there were any perioperative red cell transfusions RESULTS: A total of 178 patients were included. The cut-off value for anaemia was 13 g/dL in both sexes. Forty-four patients (25%, 95% CI 19-32%) had preoperative anaemia with a median haemoglobin of 12.25 g/dL (IQR 11.2; 12.7). Their mean age was 63.3 (SD ± 10.0) years. Fifteen patients (34%) were booked for knee arthroplasty and 24 patients (55%) for hip replacement surgery. No workup was done for the anaemia, and only 15/44 (34%) anaemic patients received any form of treatment. Eighteen anaemic patients (41%) received perioperative red cell transfusions. Eight of the transfused patients (44%) developed postoperative sepsis, while five were still anaemic postoperatively CONCLUSION: The prevalence of preoperative anaemia before elective orthopaedic surgery (25%) was the same as that reported before patient blood management was introduced internationally. None of the anaemic patients had a diagnostic workup and therefore did not receive therapy targeted at the cause of the anaemia. Perioperative red cell transfusions could have been significantly reduced. The clinic now focuses on managing preoperative anaemia Level of evidence: Level 3 Keywords: preoperative anaemia, elective orthopaedic procedures, patient blood management, preoperative care, blood transfusion
Transarticular gunshot injuries: a systematic review of 150 years of management
Authors: Ferreira Nando , Anley Cameron , Joubert Etienne
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This review aims to collate all published work on the management of transarticular gunshot injuries to better inform decision-making when managing these injuries METHODS: A systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was undertaken. A literature search of major electronic databases was conducted to identify journal articles relating to the management of transarticular gunshot injuries published from database inception until 31 January 2021 RESULTS: Sixty-eight publications reporting on the management of 544 patients were included. Injuries to the lower limbs were reported in 438 cases (81%), while injuries to the upper limb accounted for 106 cases (19%). A total of 145 patients (27%) developed a deep infection. Following the routine use of antibiotics, 6% of patients (14/251) developed an infection. A significantly higher hip joint infection rate was seen in patients who sustained associated hollow viscus injury (11/30, 37% CONCLUSION: The management of transarticular gunshot injuries is currently based on limited high-quality evidence. Modern antibiotic and surgical management practices have resulted in low overall septic complications; however, different joints have different injury and complication profiles. Future research should be aimed at identifying joint-specific evidence-based care pathways Level of evidence: Level 4 Keywords: gunshot, ballistic, joint, transarticular, intra-articular
Plaasfeminism in Ronelda S. Kamfer’s Kompoun (2021)
Authors: Stuit Hanneke
Published: April 2022

This review article explores how Ronelda S. Kamfer’s novel Kompoun (2021) deconstructs and diversifies the white patriarchal space of the plaas (farm) by reinscribing it with a highly situated ‘plaasfeminism’ emerging from the female characters in the novel. This critical reinscription through the lives of the McKinney women from the Overberg is necessary, but certainly not triumphant. For Nadia, the protagonist, the idyll of the plaas consists of her admiration of and longing for her maternal forebears and thus provides a source of strength and personhood, but the plaas is also quite literally the scene of a crime from which her family fails to protect her. Kompoun complicates mainstream notions of feminist resistance by charting the internal contradictions of female subjectivity and highlighting the vulnerable position of the McKinney children, who grow up in a community where both adult men and women pose a threat of emotional and physical abandonment and abuse. Yet, in times of need, Nadia manages to mobilise her personal image of the plaas’ beauty as motherly and the women who live there as tough as coping strategies that suspend her imprisonment in the harmful dynamics around her.
[RETRACTED] Optima Brain Mind Max Reviews - #1 Brain Booster In USA v1
Authors: not provided optimabrainmindreviews
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

Optima Brain Mind Max Reviews - #1 Brain Booster In USA
isolation and extraction of plant nuclei in plug v1
Authors: Labadie Karine , Vacherie Benoît
Published: April 2022

Method for isolation and extraction of plant cell nuclei. Protocol for obtaining UHMW DNA (> 150kb) allowing the production of optical cards with Bionano technology.
[RETRACTED] Slim Science Keto Reviews (Scam EXPOSED) What Company Says? Does It Scientifically Proven & Lab Tested ? v1
Authors: Science Keto Slim
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

Slim Science Keto Reviews (Scam EXPOSED) What Company Says? Does It Scientifically Proven & Lab Tested ?
Büyük Savaş Öncesi Isınan Sular: Birinci Dünya Savaşı Öncesi Donanma Yarışının Büyük Güç Rekabetine Etkileri
Authors: YILDIZ Melih
Published: April 2022

Birinci Dünya Savaşı öncesi dönemde artarak devam eden Büyük Güçler arasındaki rekabet donanma yarışını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, savaş öncesi dönemde gerçekleşen donanma yarışının Büyük Güçler arasındaki rekabet üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın önemli bir nedenini oluşturduğunu iddia etmektedir. Çalışmada ilk olarak Büyük Güçlerin donanmalarının savaş öncesi dönemdeki gelişimleri incelenmiştir. Ardından Büyük Güç donanmalarında yaşanan bu gelişimlerin aralarındaki rekabete etkileri incelenmiştir. Savaş öncesinde denizde gerçekleşen silahlanma yarışı özellikle Batı Yarımküre, Uzakdoğu ve Akdeniz’de rekabetin yoğunlaşmasına yol açmıştır. Ayrıca, donanma yarışı özellikle iki ana aktörü olan İngiltere ve Almanya’nın politikalarının şekillenmesinde etkili olmuş ve bu iki ülke arasındaki ilişkilerin hızla bozulmasına yol açmıştır. Yarış İngiltere’yi geleneksel politikalarından vazgeçirerek Avrupa ittifak sistemlerinin içine çekmiş ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın ittifak yapısı ve seyrinde etkili olmuştur.
Dilemma of Indie Documentary Filmmaker Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Loh Yoke Ling , Ali Mohd. Nor Shahizan ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: April 2022

Documentary films are so-called non-fiction films that have the elements of persuasion, objective content and candid cinematic techniques. It is an important propaganda tool for assisting the government in the development of the country and changing people's attitudes. The Freedom Film Fest, held annually since 2003 by the Community Communications Center, provides indie documentaries an alternative and more freedom for indie documentary filmmakers to represent social, economic and political issues. However, this genre of media has not received much attention especially from the youth or film industry as it is considered a less attractive medium. Most indie documentary filmmakers no longer produce documentaries as they are not well received. The objective of this study is to identify the problems faced by documentary filmmakers, especially those called indie filmmakers in Malaysia. Interviews with five indie documentary film makers and filmmakers were conducted in this research to examine the problems they faced in producing documentary films. The results have shown that the lack of distribution and broadcasting platforms, finance, promotions, legal restrictions, production techniques and flawed production plans are the main problems faced by indie documentary filmmakers in the Malaysian industry. Keywords: Indie documentary film, documentary filmmaker, Malaysia film industry, broadcasting and distribution, Critical thinking.
Struggling for Leadership Authority: Critical Discourse Analysis on Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's Political Speech
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang, Indonesia, Triana Hetti Waluati , Maros Marlyna ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kustati Martin ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang, Indonesia, Reflinaldi  ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang, Indonesia
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the socio-cognitive dimensions of Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono's (AHY) political speech as chairman of the Democratic Party (DP). The data was taken from AHY's speech entitled Konferensi Pers Ketua Umum Partai Demokrat Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono which was broadcasted on Agus Yudhoyono's YouTube channel. The lingual data was taken by using free listening techniques through the stages of transcription, reading and observation, sorting, storing and printing, re-reading, and determining the research subject. Meanwhile, non-lingual data was collected by using the Internet archive documentation method. The data were analysed through extra lingual matching technique, hermeneutics, and phenomenology. The analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data display, conclusion, and verification. The findings showed that AHY represents himself as a democratic, caring, vigilant, thorough, careful, and committed to party sovereignty leader. The social cognition aspect of AHY is dominated by his background as a former military officer and his status as party leader. The narrative built in his speech was influenced by the poor results of DP in the last 2 elections, the low electability of DP, and conflicts at the internal level of DP. The sociocognitive analysis showed that AHY constructs leadership authority by representing himself as a selective, strategic, and political leader. The three characters he builds are the strong influence of his social cognition. Through his speech, AHY strives to fight for his leadership authority, both as the general chairman of the DP, and for the wider community. Keywords: Leadership authority, critical discourse analysis, political speech, sociocognitive analysis, political speech.
School Management During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ceyhun Kavrayıcı, Eren Kesim
Published: April 2022

The aim of the research was to reveal the school management process during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was designed on the basis of case study in qualitative research paradigm. Maximum variation sampling was used in the study. As such, 15 school principals with various years of experience, serving at various school levels were included in the study. Data was obtained from a semi structured interview form with 11 items. Inductive analysis was utilized in data analysis. The primary finding of the study was the precautions taken by school principals during the pandemic. These are physical precautions, informative precautions, and productive precautions. Another finding was that school principals made their best effort to fulfill their duties and responsibilities in-school, out of school, and regarding their leadership roles. Lastly, school principals problems mainly revolved around two groups: the resources of the school and students, and the decisions made, regarding educational and instructional processes.
Educational Practices and Management Information System in Managing Driving School on Website-Based GTC
Authors: Sudarmilah Endah , Wahendra Angieta Putri
Published: April 2022

Course institutions are indispensable to support people’s education by taking courses that can explore their potential. Global Training Centre (GTC) is a driving school in Sragen. However, the current registration system still uses manual means, and data management has not been computerized, so that the performance is less effective and efficient. This research aims to design a web-based management information system in managing the driving school at GTC. The software development method uses the waterfall method by utilizing UML (Unified Modelling Language) consisting of ERD, case diagram, activity diagram, and wireframe. The results of website development research are to provide ease of participants in registering to the course and facilitate GTC in managing course institutions to produce more optimal services.
Evaluating Preparatory Programs and Novice Teachers Teaching Performance and its Influence on Students’ learning Process in Qatar University
Authors: Nosair Mohammad Rajab , Qadhi Saba , Hendawi Manal
Published: April 2022

The role of the teaching workforce is sometimes undervalued, although they are responsible for shaping the future of students. Those teachers who have just completed their graduation are a novice and, thus, are regarded as incapable of producing students with adequate skills and knowledge. Therefore, the teaching method has a direct influence on the learning process of students. However, the incorporation of e-learning methods has proved to help improve the academic potential of students when they are equipped with digital ways of learning. Keeping in view these perspectives, this study aims at choosing the University of Qatar as a case study to explore the role of teaching in finishing graduate programs and, thereby, producing a talented pool of students. For this, the study opts for qualitative and quantitative analysis with the help of research participants entailing female students, teachers, and administration. By selecting a mixed method for the study, a survey questionnaire as a research instrument is chosen, which depicts positive and negative responses regarding teaching performance and its influence on students’ learning process. Finally, a blueprint of suggestive recommendations to evaluate the method of conducting classes and evaluating preparatory programs is also incorporated.
Economic learning Educational Practices for Local Values of "Baharit" Culture Based on the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Rahmattullah Muhammad , , Wahjoedi , Suman Agus , Witjaksono Mit
Published: April 2022

Indigenous people with local culture in their daily activities involve social and economic life. This study aims to identify local values in Baharit culture among traditional communities as a source of learning economic subjects in sustainable development. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The research was conducted on the diamond mining community in Cempaka District, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data was obtained using interviews and observations. Data analysis using the Miles and Huberman model includes data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results showed that local values in the Baharit culture include maximising the use of resources for production activities, maintaining good relations between group members, maintaining good relations with non-group parties, and minimising risks in production. In addition, all values in Baharit culture can be used as learning resources for the scarcity of economic subjects, decision making, allocation, and entrepreneurship.
Self-Image, Career Development and Job Choice on Tourism Industry in Malaysia: A Perception of Students
Authors: Syed Shikh Bin Syed A. Kadir , Jumintono Mohammad Idham Bin Jalim , Abdul Rasid Bin Abdul Razzaq *,
Published: April 2022

Students imagine jobs in the tourism sector with boring jobs, long working hours, unsafe work, low social status, unsatisfactory promotions, low wages, inadequate benefits, and poor physical working conditions. This study aims to determine student perceptions of self-image, career development, and job choices in the tourism industry. This study was a quantitative descriptive method. Quantitative research is intended to measure the problem, how well, and to whom a particular problem applies. This study involved 162 D3 Tourism Management study programs, Merlimau Polytechnic, Melaka, Malaysia, based on Krejcie and Morgan tables. Data was obtained using a questionnaire survey and observation. The questionnaire consists of Parts A, B, and C as instruments and measurements with a five-point Linkert scale. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23 was used to analyze data and information in research. The results showed that the value of self-image was 3.60, career development was 4.12, and job choice in the tourism industry was 3.80. Students' perceptions of self-image, career development, and job choices are high. Students feel the influence of research variables can attract interest to work in the tourism industry in the future.
Effects of hospitalization on functional status and health-related quality of life of patients with COVID-19 complications: a literature review
Authors: Oliveira Miriã Cândida , M. Carrijo Marilúcia , R. Afonso João Pedro , S. Moura Ricardo , R. J. Oliveira Luís Filipe , L. Fonseca Adriano , V. C. B. Melo Vinicio , M. Lino Maria Eduarda , N. Sousa Beatriz , R. P. Póvoa Elisângela , K. A. Souza Shayra , L. Guedes Thays , R. Alves Larissa , P. Vieira Rodolfo , V. F. Oliveira Luis
Published: April 2022

Background: Due to the clinical situations faced, patients with COVID-19 who survive the intensive care unit (ICU) are at greater risk of developing post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), characterized by typical physical, psychological and cognitive consequences in the post hospital discharge. Given this situation, it is important to assess these patients for the presence of musculoskeletal and psychosocial changes, so that they are referred to an outpatient and/or home rehabilitation program. Objective: to identify in the scientific literature the effects of hospitalization on the functional status and health-related quality of life of patients with complications from COVID-19. Methods: Searches were performed for scientific articles indexed in the MEDLINE database (accessed by Pubmed), between the years 2019 to 2022. Articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria determined to compose this study were included. Results: from a total of 524 articles found in the literature, only 15 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The sample was represented by eight cross-sectional studies and seven cohort studies, and the main outcomes found to assess functional status were the six minute walking test the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale and for quality of life the EuroQol visual analogue scale and the Short form-36. Conclusion: With this literature review, it can be concluded that patients hospitalized for complications of COVID-19 showed a significant decline in functional status and health-related quality of life.However, updates are necessary to characterize the symptoms and persistent sequelae in the post-COVID-19.
Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes instruct Immune Responses and Regulate Germinal Center Interactions in Humans
Authors:   , O'Connor Margaret Helen , Haddad Elias
Published: April 2022

Within every human secondary lymphoid organ (SLO) there occurs a tightly regulated process to recognize and respond to antigens. The proper response to antigens is directed by germinal center (GC) formation which occurs in SLOs. Within a GC, a tightly regulated process occurs to ensure education of the adaptive immune cells to respond to antigen. Understanding the multiple adaptive and innate immunologic cell types required for the appropriate formation and resolution of the GC response is highly important to inform pathogenesis and treatment of diseases, and success of vaccines. The two critical cell types of the GC are GC T follicular helper (GC-Tfh) cells and their cognate GC B cells (GC-B) which upon interaction lead to creation of all aspects of humoral immunity. This process, once completed, must also be strategically resolved by mechanisms not yet fully understood. The central hypothesis of our work is that cells of both the innate and adaptive lymphocyte lineages are involved in modulating the function of the GC-Tfh cell and GC-B cell interaction, including a newly identified regulatory innate lymphoid cell (ILC), and thus impact humoral immunity. To test this hypothesis, first, we will explore the functions of innate immune cell subsets in the regulation of GC-Tfh/GC-B cell interaction and antibody responses. Specifically, we will determine the role of a new regulatory innate lymphoid cell (ILCFR) and innate lymphoid cell type 3 (ILC3) in modulating this interaction. Second, we will assess the function of an adaptive immune subset in the regulation of the GC-Tfh/GC-B cell interaction. This will be achieved by studying the function of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells. Lastly, we will explore the role of adenosine deaminase 1 (ADA-1) and its ability to enhance GC-Tfh cell functioning. All of these cell subsets have proven to have important and divergent roles in the formation, maintenance, and resolution of human GC interactions. We will also identify the mechanisms of actions of how these different cell types regulate GC interactions. This will be achieved by analyzing RNA transcriptional profiles of these cell types where we performed deep sequencing comparisons of multiple innate and adaptive human tonsillar cell types. We will also perform loss and gain of function studies to identify the molecular mechanisms and in vivo and in vitro studies. Overall, our work strongly demonstrates that GC-Tfh/GC-B cell interactions in SLOs, which dictate the fate of cell mediated and humoral immunity, can be negatively or positively impacted by innate and adaptive immune subsets. These opposing forces need to be tightly regulated. If GC-Tfh/GC-B cell functioning is left unchecked, this may lead to autoimmune disease, cancers, and the inability to respond to infections and vaccines.
The Role of the CX3CR1-FKN Axis in Tumor Initiation and Metastatic Progression
Authors:   , Kaur Ramanpreet , Fatatis Alessandro , McGonigle Paul
Published: April 2022

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and its progression into metastatic disease is by far the major cause of death in these patients. Thus, it is essential to identify the molecular drivers of metastatic dissemination and to better define the role of the tumor microenvironment in the target organs, which allows the cancer cells to grow and survive at distant sites. Our lab has shown that PCa cells express the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and are attracted to bone-derived CX3CL1 (or fractalkine/FKN), a membrane-bound ligand that can be cleaved to produce a soluble gradient, attracting PCa cells to the bone, in which they colonize and expand. Using FX-68, a novel CX3CR1 antagonist, we show that metastatic growth is decelerated when the receptor is inhibited. Studies show that most cancer cells grow within a tumor mass but lack the ability to form tumors upon spreading to other organs. In contrast, some cancer cells have the exclusive ability to both form new tumors and sustain their continuous growth. These tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are distinguished by their stemness features such as the ability to self-renew and resist therapy. Our lab has identified CX3CR1 as a novel marker of TICs, and treatment with FX-68 impairs tumor growth and increases the response to chemotherapeutics. The crosstalk between disseminated cancer cells and the surrounding bone microenvironment causes the production of growth factors, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators promoting tumor growth. In particular, skeletal metastases harbor a significant contingent of macrophages, termed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are heavily implicated in promoting disease progression. We show that TAMs express CX3CR1 and depend on this receptor for migration into the tumor. Our studies indicate that pharmacologic antagonism of CX3CR1 not only causes an impairment of cancer cells' seeding and growth but affects also TAMs, limiting their infiltration of metastatic sites and in turn diminishing support to tumor growth. In summary, we show that the CX3CR1-FKN axis plays an instrumental role in metastatic PCa and provide evidence that its targeting represents a novel and potentially highly effective strategy to either prevent or treat PCa metastasis.