bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design and Characterization of an Artificial Soil Substrate Made from Sand-Washing Slurry
Authors: Dong Biqin , Wu Xu , Wang Penghui , Peng Rongxin , Wang Yanshuai
Published: February 2025

The global reserve of sand has significantly decreased, and sand washing is predominantly favored due to its simplicity and low operational costs, but this method poses significant environmental risks like landslides, making its reuse essential for sustainability. In view of this challenge, based on the composite preparation method, an innovative approach was proposed to prepare an artificial soil substrate from sand-washing slurry. The physical and vegetative feasibility performance, including strength, density, water absorption, retention, electrical conductivity (EC), and pH; and microstructural characteristics, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of the artificial soil substrate with different proportions of cement and foaming agent were measured. Increasing the cement content to 30% of un-crushed artificial soil substrate specimens improved strength, whereas 40% reduced it due to the diminished pore-filling effect. Water absorption rates ranged from 29.22% to 36.68%, increasing with more foaming agent and decreasing with more cement, while the water retention time was 12–14 days, and incorporating foaming agent significantly increased water absorption. Leachate pH ranged from 11.99 to 12.18, and reduced to 7.82–8.28 with 5% phosphoric acid. The EC of the artificial soil substrate decreased by 88.64% to 93.59% after 10 wet–dry cycles, aligning with the standard. Artificial-soil-substrate-predominant products include calcite, quartz, and dolomite, with a pronounced silica content and soil substrate porosity ranging from 27.96% to 51.80%. From the microstructural test, calcium silicate hydrate gel, produced by cement hydration, effectively bound the sand-washing slurry, thereby improving strength.
The Impact of Spatiotemporal Effect and Relevant Factors on the Urban Thermal Environment Through the XGBoost-SHAP Model
Authors: Wei Junqing , Li Yonghua , Jia Liqi , Liu Benteng , Jiang Yuehan
Published: February 2025

The urban thermal environment is a critical topic in contemporary urban studies. However, the mechanisms driving the relationships between influencing factors and the urban thermal environment across different spatial scales and temporal dimensions remain unclear, particularly as most of these relationships exhibit nonlinearity. This study utilizes XGBoost and SHAP models, combined with a partial dependency plot, to analyze the influence of population activities, built environment, urban topography, ecological and climatic conditions, and urban landscape pattern on the diurnal and nocturnal land surface temperature (LST) changes across urban and rural areas of Hangzhou throughout the year. The results indicate that during the daytime, urban topography exerts a strong influence on LST changes in both urban and rural areas of Hangzhou. At nighttime, the influence of population activities becomes more pronounced. Meanwhile, urban landscape patterns show no significant impact on LST in either urban or rural areas, regardless of daytime or nighttime. Additionally, we analyzed the specific nonlinear relationships between influencing factors and LST. Finally, our findings suggest that influencing factors can interact synergistically in pairs to affect LST, with this mechanism being more prominent in urban areas. Overall, the study categorizes and examines the factors contributing to urban thermal environment changes from spatial and temporal perspectives, providing insights for developing urban planning strategies to mitigate urban heat issues in the future.
Long-Term Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics and Driving Force Analysis of Landscape Stability in the Forest–Grassland Ecotone of the Greater Khingan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Han Qingchi , Wu Jinzhuo , Lin Wenshu
Published: February 2025

Forest–grassland ecotones refer to the transitional area between forest and grassland ecosystems. Previous studies mainly focus on environmentally sensitive features and landscape risk pressures caused by edge effects, ignoring the landscape restoration and stability changes brought about by high species diversity. In this study, we calculated the landscape stability in the forest–grassland ecotone of the Greater Khingan Mountains in Inner Mongolia, China from 1990 to 2020, analyzed the changing trends and spatial migration dynamics of the landscape stability, and revealed the potential driving factors and spatial heterogeneity of dominant driving factors for the changes in landscape stability. The results indicated that the dominant landscapes in the study area changed from forests and grasslands in 1990 to forest-dominated landscapes in 2020, and the landscape stability gradually improved from a lower level to a higher level. The stability gradually expanded from the center to the northeast and southwest edges, exhibiting a ribbon sprawl pattern, and the stable center gradually moved to the northeast from 1990 to 2020. Climate factors were the main driving forces affecting the changes in landscape stability in the study area. Different dominant driving factors showed various spatial heterogeneity over time. In the northern part of the forest–grassland ecotone, precipitation, and NDVI had positive correlations with landscape stability, while the opposite was true in the south. In addition, the area of landscape stability in the south that was positively correlated with temperature and NDVI gradually expanded over time. This study analyzed the unique ecological advantages of the forest–grassland ecotones from the perspective of landscape stability changes, which will be facilitated in the ecological assessments and restoration of the forest–grassland ecotones.
Superabsorbent Polymers: Innovations in Ecology, Environmental, and Diverse Applications
Authors: Niu Qingya , Xie Jiayin , Li Jiayan , An Zaixu , Xiao Huijie , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Su Zhiqiang , Wang Zhichao
Published: February 2025

Significant progress has been achieved in the development of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), focusing on enhancing their performance and expanding their applications. Efforts are particularly directed at increasing water absorbency while promoting environmental sustainability. Biodegradable materials such as starch and potassium humate have been successfully integrated with SAPs for desert greening, improving water retention, salt resistance, and seedling survival. The inclusion of nutrient-rich organic-inorganic composites further enhances the durability, efficiency, and recyclability of SAPs. In drought mitigation, polymeric absorbent resins such as polyacrylamide and starch-grafted acrylates have shown efficacy in ameliorating soil conditions and fostering plant growth. In arid environments, agents enriched with humic acid and bentonite contribute to improved soil aeration and water retention, creating optimal conditions for plant establishment. Additionally, the adoption of innovative waste management solutions has led to the production of amphiphilic SAPs from residual sludge, effectively addressing soil nutrient deficiencies and environmental pollution. In the food industry, SAPs containing protease, tea polyphenols, and chitosan exhibit potential for enhancing the stability and quality of seafood products. These advancements highlight the growing relevance of structural optimization approaches in SAP development across diverse applications and underline the importance of continued innovation in these fields. As novel materials emerge and environmental challenges intensify, the potential applications of SAPs are anticipated to expand significantly.
Artificial Intelligence and Non-Destructive Testing Data to Assess Concrete Sustainability of Civil Engineering Infrastructures
Authors: Baudrit Cédric , Dufau Sylvain , Villain Géraldine , Sbartaï Zoubir Mehdi
Published: February 2025

The sustainable development and preservation of natural resources have highlighted the critical need for the effective maintenance of civil engineering infrastructures. Recent advancements in technology and data digitization enable the acquisition of data from sensors on structures like bridges, tunnels, and energy production facilities. This paper explores “smart” uses of these data to optimize maintenance actions through interdisciplinary approaches, integrating artificial intelligence in civil engineering. Corrosion, a key factor affecting infrastructure health, underscores the need for robust predictive maintenance models. Supervised Machine Learning regression methods, particularly Random Forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), are investigated for predicting structural properties based on Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) data. The dataset includes various measurements such as ultrasonic, electromagnetic, and electrical on concrete samples. This study compares the performances of RF and ANN in predicting concrete characteristics, like compressive strength, elastic modulus, porosity, density, and saturation rate. The results show that, while both models exhibit strong predictive capabilities, RF generally outperforms ANN in most metrics. Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) provides insights into model decisions, ensuring transparency and interpretability. This research emphasizes the potential of integrating Machine Learning with empirical and mechanical methods to enhance infrastructure maintenance, providing a comprehensive framework for future applications.
A Real-Time Demanded Current Observation-Based Sliding Mode Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Li Guangping , Zhong Guolong , Hu Likun , Gong Pingping , Li Gaoxiang
Published: February 2025

To improve the dynamic and steady-state performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), this paper proposes a real-time demanded current observation based sliding mode control strategy. Firstly, based on the mechanism between motor speed and current, a real-time demanded current observer is proposed, which can obtain the demanded current based on the motor speed. Secondly, the demanded current is directly used to calibrate the q-axis current reference in real-time, which can update the current reference value faster than the sliding mode controller. Due to the real-time demanded current feedforward, the anti-interference performance of the PMSM under the proposed control is improved effectively. Compared with the conventional sliding mode control, the proposed control has a better dynamic and steady-state performance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control has been verified through simulation and experiments.
Decoding Mental States in Social Cognition: Insights from Explainable Artificial Intelligence on HCP fMRI Data
Authors: Marques dos Santos José Diogo , Reis Luís Paulo , Marques dos Santos José Paulo
Published: February 2025

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used for classification tasks involving functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), though typically focusing only on fractions of the brain in the analysis. Recent work combined shallow neural networks (SNNs) with explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) techniques to extract insights into brain processes. While earlier studies validated this approach using motor task fMRI data, the present study applies it to Theory of Mind (ToM) cognitive tasks, using data from the Human Connectome Project’s (HCP) Young Adult database. Cognitive tasks are more challenging due to the brain’s non-linear functions. The HCP multimodal parcellation brain atlas segments the brain, guiding the training, pruning, and retraining of an SNN. Shapley values then explain the retrained network, with results compared to General Linear Model (GLM) analysis for validation. The initial network achieved 88.2% accuracy, dropped to 80.0% after pruning, and recovered to 84.7% post-retraining. SHAP explanations aligned with GLM findings and known ToM-related brain regions. This fMRI analysis successfully addressed a cognitively complex paradigm, demonstrating the potential of explainability techniques for understanding non-linear brain processes. The findings suggest that xAI, and knowledge extraction in particular, is valuable for advancing mental health research and brain state decoding.
Fractional-Order MFAC with Application to DC Motor Speed Control System
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Jian Huihua , Huang Jianhua , Lan Yonghong
Published: February 2025

Model-free adaptive control (MFAC) can carry out various tasks using only I/O data, providing advantages such as lower operational costs, higher scalability and easier implementation. However, the robustness of MFAC remains an open problem. In this paper, a robust fractional-order model-free adaptive control (RFOMFAC) scheme is proposed to address the robust tracking control issue for a class of uncertain discrete-time nonlinear systems with bounded measurement disturbance. First, we use a fractional-order dynamic data model relating the relationship between the output signal and the fractional-order input variables based on the compact form dynamic linearization. Then, the pseudo-partial derivative (PPD) is obtained using a higher-order estimation algorithm that includes more information about past input and output data. With the introduction of a reference equation, a fractional-order model-free adaptive control (FOMFAC) law is then proposed. Consequently, using a higher-order PPD-based FOMFAC law can improve the control performance. Furthermore, a modified RFOMFAC algorithm with decreasing gain is constructed. Theoretical analysis indicates that the proposed algorithm can effectively attenuate measurement disturbances. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Use of Saliva Analytes as a Predictive Model to Detect Diseases in the Pig: A Pilot Study
Authors: Llamas-Amor Eva , Ortín-Bustillo Alba , López-Martínez María José , Muñoz-Prieto Alberto , Manzanilla Edgar García , Arense Julián , Miralles-Chorro Aida , Fuentes Pablo , Martínez-Subiela Silvia , González-Bulnes Antonio , Goyena Elena , Martínez-Martínez Andrea , Cerón José Joaquín , Tecles Fernando
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Saliva is gaining importance as a diagnostic sample in pigs. The aim of this research was to evaluate a panel of salivary analytes in three porcine diseases and establish predictive models to detect them. Methods: Saliva samples were obtained from healthy pigs (n = 97) and pigs affected by meningitis due to Streptococcus suis (n = 118), diarrhea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC, n = 77), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS, n = 52). The following biomarkers were analyzed: adenosine deaminase (ADA), haptoglobin (Hp), calprotectin (Calp), aldolase, alpha-amylase (sAA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs). Predictive models based on binary logistic regression and decision trees combining those analytes for detecting specific diseases were constructed. Results: The results showed a different biomarker profile between the groups. S. suis and ETEC pigs showed higher values of ADA, Hp, Calp, aldolase, sAA, LDH, and TP than healthy pigs. Pigs with PRRS showed higher values of Hp, Calp, sAA, and LDH than healthy animals. The constructed predictive models showed overall accuracies of over 78% and 87% for differentiating ETEC and PRRS, respectively, whereas the models did not accurately predict S. suis infection. Conclusions: Salivary analytes show different changes in pigs depending on the disease, and the combination of these analytes can contribute to the prediction of different diseases. Further studies should be conducted in larger populations to confirm these findings and evaluate their possible practical applications.
Listeria monocytogenes Modulates Macrophage Inflammatory Responses to Facilitate Its Intracellular Survival by Manipulating Macrophage-Derived Exosomal ncRNAs
Authors: Jiao Jian , Ma Zhongmei , Li Nengxiu , Duan Fushuang , Cai Xuepeng , Zuo Yufei , Li Jie , Meng Qingling , Qiao Jun
Published: February 2025

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by cells that play vital regulatory roles in intercellular communication and immune responses. Listeria monocytogenes (L. Monocytogenes, LM) is a notable Gram-positive intracellular parasitic bacterium that infects humans and diverse animal species. However, the specific biological function of exosomes secreted by macrophages during L. Monocytogenes infection (hereafter EXO-LM) remains elusive. Here, we discovered that EXO-LM stimulated the secretion of inflammation-associated cytokines by macrophages, facilitating the intracellular survival of L. monocytogenes within macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis shows that EXO-LM significantly upregulates immune recognition and inflammation-related signaling pathways in macrophages. Furthermore, a ceRNA regulatory network comprising exosomal ncRNAs and macrophage RNAs was constructed through EXO-LM transcriptome sequencing. Utilizing bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assays, we identified two potential binding sites between lncRNA Rpl13a-213 and miR-132-3p. Cell transfection experiments demonstrated that Rpl13a-213 overexpression augmented pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages, in contrast to the suppression by miR-132-3p overexpression. The decrease in Rpl13a-213 upon EXO-LM stimulation enhances miR-132-3p expression, dampening the inflammatory response in macrophages and aiding L. monocytogenes intracellular survival. This study unveils the immunomodulatory function of exosomal ncRNAs originating from macrophages, which provides fresh perspectives into the mechanisms underlying macrophage inflammatory response regulation by L. monocytogenes-infected cell-derived exosomes.
Psoriasis Treatments: Emerging Roles and Future Prospects of MicroRNAs
Authors: Teo Li Tian Keane , Juantuah-Kusi Nerissa , Subramanian Gowtham , Sampath Prabha
Published: February 2025

Psoriasis, a widespread and chronic inflammatory skin disorder, is marked by its persistence and the lack of a definitive cure. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is increasingly understood, with ongoing research highlighting the intricate interplay of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Recent advancements have illuminated the pivotal role of microRNAs in orchestrating complex processes in psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin diseases. This narrative review highlights the emerging significance of miRNAs as key regulators in psoriasis pathogenesis and examines their potential as therapeutic targets. We discuss current treatment approaches and the promising future of miRNAs as next-generation therapeutic agents for this condition.
A Multimodal Deep Learning Approach to Intraoperative Nociception Monitoring: Integrating Electroencephalogram, Photoplethysmography, and Electrocardiogram
Authors: Abdel Deen Omar M. T. , Fan Shou-Zen , Shieh Jiann-Shing
Published: February 2025

Monitoring nociception under general anesthesia remains challenging due to the complexity of pain pathways and the limitations of single-parameter methods. In this study, we introduce a multimodal approach that integrates electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to predict nociception. We collected data from patients undergoing general anesthesia at two hospitals and developed and compared two deep learning models: a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. Both models were trained on expert anesthesiologists’ assessments of nociception. We evaluated normalization strategies for offline and online usage and found that Min–Max normalization was most effective for our dataset. Our results demonstrate that the MLP model accurately captured nociceptive changes in response to painful surgical stimuli, whereas the LSTM model provided smoother predictions but with lower sensitivity to rapid changes. These findings underscore the potential of multimodal, deep learning-based solutions to improve real-time nociception monitoring in diverse clinical settings.
Exploring Epigenetic Modifiers in Cowpea: Genomic and Transcriptomic Insights into Histone Methyltransferases and Histone Demethylases
Authors: Viana Jéssica Barbara Vieira , Ferreira-Neto José Ribamar Costa , Binneck Eliseu , Oliveira Silva Roberta Lane de , Costa Antônio Félix da , Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria
Published: February 2025

Histone methyltransferases (SDGs) and demethylases (JMJs) are well-established regulators of transcriptional responses in plants under adverse conditions. This study characterized SDG and JMJ enzymes in the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genome and analyzed their expression patterns under various stress conditions, including root dehydration and mechanical injury followed by CABMV or CPSMV inoculation. A total of 47 VuSDG genes were identified in the cowpea genome and classified into seven distinct classes: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and VII. Additionally, 26 VuJMJ-coding genes were identified and categorized into their respective groups: Jmj-only, JMJD6, KDM3, KDM5, and KDM4. Analysis of gene expansion mechanisms for the studied loci revealed a predominance of dispersed duplication and WGD/segmental duplication events, with Ka/Ks ratios indicating that all WGD/segmental duplications are under purifying selection. Furthermore, a high degree of conservation was observed for these loci across species, with legumes displaying the highest conservation rates. Cis-Regulatory Element analysis of VuSDG and VuJMJ gene promoters revealed associations with Dof-type and bZIP transcription factors, both of which are known to play roles in plant stress responses and developmental processes. Differential expression patterns were observed for VuSDG and VuJMJ genes under the studied stress conditions, with the highest number of upregulated transcripts detected during the root dehydration assay. Our expression data suggest that as the referred stress persists, the tolerant cowpea accession decreases methylation activity on target histones and shifts towards enhanced demethylation. This dynamic balance between histone methylation and demethylation may regulate the expression of genes linked to dehydration tolerance. During the mechanical injury and viral inoculation assays, VuSDG and VuJMJ transcripts were upregulated exclusively within 60 min after the initial mechanical injury combined with CABMV or CPSMV inoculation, indicating an early role for these enzymes in the plant’s defense response to pathogen exposure. The current study presents a detailed analysis of histone modifiers in cowpea and indicates their role as important epigenetic regulators modulating stress tolerance.
A Semi-Distributed Scheme for Mode Selection and Resource Allocation in Device-to-Device-Enabled Cellular Networks Using Matching Game and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Attar Ibrahim Sami , Mahyuddin Nor Muzlifah , Hindia M. H. D. Nour
Published: February 2025

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is a promising technological innovation that is significantly considered to have a substantial impact on the next generation of wireless communication systems. Modern wireless networks of the fifth generation (5G) and beyond (B5G) handle an increasing number of connected devices that require greater data rates while utilizing relatively low power consumption. In this study, we present joint mode selection, channel assignment, and power allocation issues in a semi-distributed D2D scheme (SD-scheme) that underlays cellular networks. The objective of this study is to enhance the data rate, Spectrum Efficiency (SE), and Energy Efficiency (EE) of the network while maintaining the performance of cellular users (CUs) by creating a threshold of data rate for each CU in the network. Practically, we propose a centralized approach to address the mode selection and channel assignment problems, employing greedy and matching algorithms, respectively. Moreover, we employed a State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA)-based reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm for a distributed power allocation scheme. Furthermore, we suggest that the sub-channel of the CU is shared among several D2D pairs, and the optimum power is determined for each D2D pair sharing the same sub-channel, taking into consideration all types of interferences in the network. The simulation findings illustrate the enhancement in the performance of the proposed scheme in comparison to the benchmark schemes in terms of data rate, SE, and EE.
Intermediate Coupling Regime in Dilatonic f(R,T) Inflationary Universe
Authors: Brito Francisco A. , Borges Carlos H. A. B. , Campos Jose A. V. , Costa Francisco G.
Published: February 2025

In the present work, we study cosmology in dilatonic f(R,T) gravity to address the inflationary phase of the early universe. As usual, in dilatonic gravity, the scalar potential assumes the exponential form. However, this potential is not good enough to be in accordance with the Planck 2018 data. More strikingly, the generalized β-exponential cannot take this into account either. It is just only presence of the dilatonic sector, in the intermediate coupling regime, that can help the theory to be in full accordance with the observational data.
Characteristics of Creep and Permeability Changes in Coal Samples from Underground Water Storage Structures Under High Stresses
Authors: Liu Zichang , Li Yinghu , Fan Kaifang , Wang Shijun , Gu Yanchang , Xia Ze , Yao Qiangling
Published: February 2025

Underground reservoirs are a key technology for storing mine-impacted water resources, and the long-term stability of their coal pillar dams in high-stress environments is critical. The long-term safety of coal pillar dams in such reservoirs is closely related to creep and water seepage phenomena. To better illustrate this phenomenon, internal expansion coefficients and porosity blocking coefficients are proposed in this study to characterize how water affects the evolution of permeability in water-bearing coal samples. A novel model is developed to capture the interaction between matrix and fractures and the influence of creep deformation on permeability in water-bearing coal samples. Triaxial creep–seepage experiments are conducted on raw coal samples with varying moisture content. The results show that volumetric strain values and strain rates increase with rising effective stress during creep and show a tendency to first increase and then decrease with the increase in moisture content. Additionally, permeability consistently decreases at each stage of creep. Model parameters are determined through the nonlinear least squares method, and the reliability of the permeability model is validated based on experimental data. Both theoretical modeling and experimental results indicate that water seepage–creep coupling significantly affects the long-term strength of coal samples in a high-stress environment, and corresponding prevention and control measures are suggested. This study can provide a scientific basis and guidance for the study of long-term operational destabilization damage of coal mine underground reservoirs to ensure the safety of the structure.
IMPACT OF BREAKFAST HABITS, DIETARY DIVERSITY, AND FAMILY SUPPORT ON ADOLESCENT OVERWEIGHT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kotrunnada Dani Zulfa , Kusnandar Kusnandar , Lestari Anik
Published: February 2025

Data Riskesdas 2018 Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) menunjukkan bahwa 14,63% remaja usia 16-18 tahun mengalami kelebihan berat badan, dengan 10,89% diklasifikasikan sebagai obesitas. Kegemukan pada masa remaja dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian dan menjadi faktor risiko penyakit degeneratif. Melewatkan sarapan adalah kebiasaan yang berkontribusi terhadap masalah gizi pada usia remaja. Selain itu, keragaman makanan yang dikonsumsi memainkan peran penting dalam menentukan status gizi remaja. Dukungan keluarga juga mempengaruhi sikap individu dalam mengelola berat badan; dukungan positif dari keluarga cenderung menumbuhkan sikap positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan, keragaman makanan, dan dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian kegemukan pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2024. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 110 remaja berusia 16-18 tahun di Kota Yogyakarta. Pengukuran antropometri dilakukan dengan menggunakan timbangan digital dan stadiometer. Dukungan keluarga dinilai melalui kuesioner yang telah divalidasi, dan asupan makanan dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan formulir recall 24 jam. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kebiasaan sarapan (p<0,05) dan keragaman makanan (p<0,05) dengan kejadian kegemukan. Namun, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan yang ditemukan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian kelebihan berat badan (p>0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan sarapan dan keragaman makanan secara signifikan mempengaruhi kejadian kelebihan berat badan di kalangan remaja, sedangkan dukungan keluarga tidak. Penelitian di masa depan harus mempertimbangkan pengaruh kelompok teman sebaya dan media sosial untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi.
Research for Propionibacterium acnes anti-bionic cream from Cymbopogon citratus essential oil
Authors: Chau Thanh Duy , Nguyen Ngoc Nha Thao , Tran Tham Co , Vo Duc Linh , Vo Tri Nhan , Do Kim Thanh Phat , Lieu Hoang Phu , Le Tri Anh Tai , Lu Anh Tai , Le Nhut Truong
Published: February 2025

Background: High citral content lemongrass essential oil (Cympogogon citratus) has a potential to inhibit Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), the bacteria that is the main cause of acne. The aim of this research is to develop a process for preparing an anti-P. acnes cream from lemongrass essential oil that meets basic requirements and has anti-P. acnes activity.

Materials and Methods: Investigate the emulsifier ratio and the phase ratio (oil: water: emulsifier) to create a stable and sustainable cream formula; evaluate criteria on qualitative, quantitative, homogeneity, etc.; and test the biological activity of the product using the agar plate diffusion method.

Results: The research results have developed a cream formula containing a citral content of 46.39 µg/ml and a pH of about 6.3 suitable for skin. The prepared product is resistant to P. acnes bacteria with a sterile zone diameter of 14 mm.

Conclusion: We researched and tested an acne treatment cream with active ingredients from lemongrass essential oil to determine its inhibitory activity against P. acnes bacteria, which causes acne in humans. This study serves as a scientific basis for further research.

Key words: Cream, acne, Propionibacterium acnes bacteria, lemongrass essential oil.
Direito, política e economia no processo de efetivação de direitos humanos: análise da crise venezuelana e a situação de refúgio
Authors: Barbosa Noêmia Carla Cruz , Sobrinho Luis Carlos dos Santos Lima
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo analisa as interações dispostas entre o espaço político, econômico, jurídico e social no processo de concretização e viabilidade dos direitos humanos, propagado na esfera nacional e internacional por intermédio de institutos, decretos, tratados, sistemas e cortes.  Neste contexto, objetiva-se incialmente apresentar breves reflexões acerca da proclamação da Declaração dos Direitos Humanos e a figura estatal como garantidora destes direitos, vinculando-se nesta análise a exposição de sistemas e instituições atuantes na defesa das aludidas garantias.  Para isto, utiliza-se como procedimento metodológico o estudo dogmático, em análise qualitativa e método exploratório e descritivo, de forma que são apresentadas e contextualizadas obras e fontes documentais pertinentes a problemática da eventual pesquisa, objeto de análise de conteúdo. Adota-se como exemplificação a problemática centrada o efeito migratório advindo da crise venezuelana, analisando-se por fim, os desafios vivenciados por indivíduos que se encontram em situação de refúgio no Brasil. Ressalta-se a imprescindibilidade de condições necessárias para a efetivação dos respectivos direitos e as consequências advindas da não concepção de um cenário propício para o exercício das liberdades e garantias reconhecidas.
Turismo Rural y Oferta Turística en los Pueblos del Río Sonora, México
Authors: Valdez Aaron Chavez , Acosta Jesús Ángel Enríquez , Baldenegro María Elena Robles , León Marisela Aldecoa
Published: February 2025

Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a oferta turística sob a ótica do turismo rural na região dos municípios do Rio Sonora, a presente análise é realizada a partir de uma maior dinâmica turística na região que começou a ganhar maior relevância com a iniciativa de criar uma zona econômica nos municípios do rio Sonora, voltada para outras atividades econômicas como o turismo, já que na história recente os setores tradicionais de atividade econômica da região deixaram de funcionar provisoriamente, como é o caso da agricultura e da pecuária subindo. Além disso, para a presente análise, foram utilizadas estatísticas de turismo, valor acrescentado e emprego, entre outras, para caracterizar a evolução da oferta turística na perspetiva do turismo rural; por outro lado, a cartografia do referencial geoestatístico Foi utilizado o quadro do Instituto Nacional de Geografia e Estatística (INEGI) para a ilustração dos dados nos diferentes mapas.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАЛЕЖНІСТІ РЕДОКСПОТЕНЦІАЛІВ ВОДНИХ РОЗЧИНІВ АЛІФАТИЧНИХ МОНОПЕРОКСИКИСЛОТ РЯДУ С8-С13 ВІД КИСЛОТНОСТІ СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Заверуха Олег
Published: February 2025

Розглянуто питання, що пов’язані з потенціометричними дослідженнями залежності величин редокспотенціалів водних розчинів аліфатичних монопероксикислот ряду С8 – С13 від ряду вихідних факторів: природи монопероксикислоти, кислотності середовища (рН), концентрацій розчинів пероксикилот. Встановлено, що на оксидаційні властивості монопероксикислот у водних розчинах суттєвий вплив має величина pH середовища і довжина вуглеводневого радикала. Найбільші за величиною окислювальні властивості проявляються у кислій області і зростають із видовженням вуглеводневого радикала. В результаті проведених досліджень запропоновано відповідну схему електродних процесів. За величинами розчинів реальних окиснювально-відновних потенціалів монопероксикислот можна прогнозувати їх оксидаційну здатність. Отримані результати можуть бути використані для подальшого дослідження хемілюмінесцентної реакції окиснення люмінолу названими монопероксикислотами.
Prevalensi dan Hubungan Infeksi Protozoa Usus dengan Kejadian Diare di RSUD Kemayoran Tahun 2020-2021
Authors: Sari Monica Puspa , Pandapotan Roy Akur , Agustina Nurul Fitria
Published: February 2025

Infeksi protozoa usus masih menjadi permasalahan di dunia, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia dengan angka prevalensi 10-18%. Infeksi protozoa usus dapat menyebabkan diare pada anak. Tujuan penelitian adalah ingin mengetahui prevalensi dan hubungan protozoa usus pada penderita diare yang dirawat di RSUD Kemayoran Jakarta. Metode penelitian yaitu analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional menggunakan data rekam medik penderita diare pada tahun 2020-2021 di RSUD Kemayoran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dari 76 responden didapatkan bahwa kejadian diare di RSUD Kemayoran pada tahun 2020 sampai 2021 paling banyak terjadi pada anak laki laki dengan prevalensi protozoa usus (10,5%). Entamoeba histolytica merupakan protozoa usus yang paling sering menyebabkan diare pada anak. Gejala mual ditemukan sebanyak 5,3%, tanpa dehidrasi sebanyak 6,6%  dengan lama rawat 3 hari (9,2%). Hasil uji Fisher menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan gejala mual yang timbulkan (p=0,044), terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan karakteristik tinja yang cair (p=0,048) dan berlendir (p=0,045). Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan usia, pekerjaan dan tingkat pendidikan (p=0,000) serta kadar hemoglobin (p=0,013). Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan antara infeksi protozoa usus dengan gejala mual, konsistensi tinja, usia,  pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan dan kadar hemoglobin.
Vortioxetine’s Therapeutic Potential: Cardiac Responses to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress in a Rat Model
Authors: Ozmen Ozlem , Tasan Serife , Unal Gulin Ozdamar
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background Stress arises in response to threats or challenges, affecting both physical and mental health. While its harmful effects on the heart are widely recognized, cellular-level investigations remain limited. Antidepressants, including vortioxetine (VOR), are known to impact the cardiovascular system. VOR, used to treat major depressive disorder, is considered a promising option for patients with heart disease due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may reduce cardiac damage. Objectives This study aimed to assess the effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on rat hearts and evaluate VOR’s potential protective effects against stress-induced cardiac damage. Methods Twenty-eight male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups. The CUMS group experienced random daily stress for 6 weeks, while the CUMS+VOR group received VOR treatment alongside stress. VOR and control groups were not exposed to stress. Heart samples were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Results The CUMS group showed increased hyperemia, hemorrhage, edema, vacuolar degeneration, and mononuclear cell infiltrations, with reduced troponin and IL-10 and increased caspase-3 and NF-κB expressions compared to the control group (p≤0.001). VOR treatment improved these findings, normalizing histopathological and immunohistochemical results. Conclusions CUMS caused significant cardiac damage in rats, while VOR treatment showed protective effects by alleviating these pathological changes.
Project Excellence Navigator For Student
Authors: - Prof. Sneha R Sontakke , - Shweta A Patmase , - Aastha P Mohod , - Harshada  R Rohankar , - Vedanti S Gomase
Published: February 2025

The system is ready to revolutionize the management and execution of final year projects for students using AI technologies. It provides complete support throughout the project cycle, from ideation to presentation. This describes the major aspects and functionalities of the system, hence its benefits in increasing efficiency, productivity, and learning outcomes of students. The system carries out several Basic features, such as student graduation processing, group distribution, task allocation, feedback collection, and guide login management. Its main goals of this project are to simplify the whole process, be strong in supporting, ensure high quality system, and enhance the learning process. The system strives to make it easier and upgrade the whole final year paperwork in handling the different activities for both students and faculties.
From Fabric to Fatigue: Physical and mental strain on female employees in textile showrooms
Authors: - Abhilash. MK , - Edakkotte Shaji
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the physical and mental strain experienced by female employees working in textile showrooms. Despite the importance of textile industry and the significant contribution of female employees only few studies are being attempted focused on physical and mental health issues, the textile show room work involves prolonged standing, lifting of load, repetitive movements, high level of strain and pressure to meet the sales target. The research paper aims to identify the work environmental factor contributing to fatigue, musculoskeletal disorder and mental health issues. Primary data for the study was collected from northern Kerala by using a structured questionnaire. On verifying the physical strain it is observed that employees are forced to do many things which were adversely effect on the health of workers. Workplace abuse and work environmental factors have a significant influence on psychological wellbeing
A New Paradigm in Employee Evaluation: Leveraging Project Management Insights for Promotions and Rewards
Authors: - Rita Jain , - Mahek Merchant , - Dr. Rakhi Gupta , - Nashrah Gowalker
Published: February 2025

This research presents an application designed to enhance task management within organizations using React-Redux and Agile Methodology. The main aim is to provide a streamlined approach to assign tasks, set deadlines, monitor progress. while employees can update statuses and communicate within the platform. By generating reports on task completion and individual performance metrics, the system aids in assessing employee skills and efficiency. This tool is essential for Information Technology organizations, enhancing productivity and facilitating informed decisions regarding task allocation and employee recognition.
Early Development of Root and Shoot in Ficus pseudopalma Blanco Stem Cuttings Using Different Propagation Media
Authors: - Wella Babe O. Sitoy
Published: February 2025

Ficus pseudopalma, commonly known as Philippine fig, Dracaena fig, or palm-leaf fig, is an indigenous species in the Moraceae family. Locally referred to as Lubi-lubi or Niyog-niyogan due to its palm-like appearance, it holds significant ethnobotanical value as an ornamental plant, food source, and medicinal resource. Given its endemic status, propagating F. pseudopalma is vital for conservation, biodiversity preservation, and maintaining ecosystem health. This study aimed to determine the most effective propagation medium for cultivating stem cuttings of F. pseudopalma to support these efforts. A completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 replicates per treatment was employed. Stem cuttings measuring 10 cm were collected from healthy mother plants, with over 40 cuttings used as planting materials. Three propagation media were prepared: M1 (topsoil, peat, sawdust in a 1:1:1 ratio), M2 (topsoil and sand in a 1:3 ratio), and M3 (topsoil and parboiled rice hulls in a 1:1 ratio). The cuttings were cultivated for 50 days, during and after which data on root and shoot development were collected. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc tests at a significance level of P<0.05, were conducted to evaluate the results. Findings revealed that the combination of topsoil, peat, and sawdust (M1) was the most effective propagation medium, significantly enhancing both root and shoot growth compared to the control medium (M0). Although media with topsoil and sand (M2) and topsoil with parboiled rice hulls (M3) supported plant growth, their performance was less remarkable than M1. Interestingly, while M1 showed notable differences from the control, there were no significant differences among the other media combinations in most growth parameters. In conclusion, M1 emerged as the optimal propagation medium for F. pseudopalma stem cuttings, offering a practical approach to improving propagation success rates. This study contributes to conservation strategies for native Philippine flora by identifying effective cultivation techniques that support the growth and sustainability of this endemic species.
A Study on Work Motivation and Performance as Mediated by Personal Cultural Orientation
Authors: - FRANK LORENZ B. MIRAFUENTES, MAED , - AILEEN J. SINANG, Ph.D
Published: February 2025

This study examines how personal cultural orientation influences work task motivation and teacher performance in public junior and senior high schools in Governor Generoso, Davao Oriental. 323 teachers from 8 public schools were surveyed using a descriptive-correlational design and stratified random sampling. Data were collected through validated questionnaires and statistical tools such as mean analysis, Pearson-product moment correlation, and mediation analysis were employed. Findings revealed very high levels of motivation and performance among teachers and a high level of personal cultural orientation. A significant positive correlation was found between work task motivation and performance, which was partially mediated by personal cultural orientation. Furthermore, work task motivation positively influenced personal cultural orientation, and personal cultural orientation had a modest positive effect on teacher performance. Cultivating cultural identity may enhance teacher’s motivation and performance, it implies that educational institutions shall continually create activities that can boost motivation and cultural orientation for optimum teacher effectiveness.
Production of Semi-biodegradable Sanitary Napkins from Banana Pseudo-stem
Authors: - Isha Mahendra Pathak , - Pawan Raoji Khakre , - Gayatri Anil Punia , - Nikita Sanjay Changate
Published: February 2025

Women all around the world use sanitary napkins for menstrual protection. In India only small percentage of women uses sanitary napkins. The main reason for such a low number relates to the affordability of sanitary napkins for people and sanitary napkins available now are non-biodegradable and also cause severe infections which in result affects the women’s health. To overcome this challenge, sanitary bio napkins are now made from natural fibres and cotton which are readily available, biodegradable and cost effective. Another perk of using the natural materials was their characteristics like porosity, quick absorption of fluid and its retention capacity of blood for longer time.
The alternative to commercially supplied pads is environmentally friendly plant fibres. Plant fibres are lignocellulosic fibres composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, and other polymers. Plant fibres are suitable alternative to commercial sanitary napkin because of its abundance, biodegradability, non-irritant and chemical free, environmental friendliness properties. Emphasis is given to use naturally available absorbents fibres such as banana fibres made from pseudo-stem waste which is usually dumped in open lands leading to soil pollution, also they are they are biodegradable and widely available in nature having low carbon footprint which not only makes it ecofriendly but also reduces the cost of sanitary pad. In present study use of banana fibre and cotton as absorbent core, cotton non-woven fabric spun-lace (both hydrophilic and hydrophobic), PE (polyethylene sheet) as a barrier which prevent leakage of blood and porous sheet as top layer which absorbs blood readily to develop our semi-biodegradable sanitary napkin. Extraction of banana fibre from banana pseudo-stem and alkaline treatment, grinding, drying, pulverization of banana fibre was done respectively to obtain banana fibre pulp from it and further use it as the absorbent core of napkin. The tests were performed for understanding that sanitary napkins developed are up to standard levels of commercially supplied pads. The tests performed were absorbency capacity, leakage test, strike rate and pH test. Hence, the developed napkin is semi- biodegradable.
महर्षि अरविंद का शिक्षा दर्शन
Authors: - Dr. Raghvendra Dixit
Published: February 2025

उक्त रिसर्च पेपर के द्वारा महर्षि अरविंद के शिक्षा दर्शन का अध्ययन किया गया है जिसमें यह बताया गया है कि महर्षि अरविंद के अनुसार शिक्षा कैसी है और उसको कैसी होनी चाहिए, शिक्षा में एक शिक्षक की क्या भूमिका है
Analyzing the 2025 Union budget: tax reforms, economic Impact, and sectoral opportunities
Authors: - Manu Bharadwaj V
Published: February 2025

The union budget 2025, introduces significant economic policies, tax reforms, and sectoral investments aimed at fostering economic growth and financial inclusivity in India. This research critically examines key aspects of the budget, including changes in income tax slabs, their implications for the middle class, and the resulting impact on disposable income and consumer spending. Additionally, the paper explores government initiatives for MSMEs, startups, agriculture, and manufacturing, highlighting their potential to drive business expansion and job creation. The study also addresses criticisms regarding fiscal allocations, political motivations, and concerns over reduced government spending in critical sectors. By analyzing both the benefits and drawbacks of the budget, this paper provides insights into its broader economic and political implications of India’s future development.