bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies of correlation between sodar observed stratified Layer structures and wind shear
Authors: SINGAL S. P. , AGGARWAL S. K. , GERA B. S.
Published: February 2022

Sodar echograms recorded at Delhi (NPL) under all weather conditions have shown many a times stratified layers in addition to the surface based layer. These layers may be single or multiple, continuous or intermittent and may be superposed with perturbations. Data observed for the period May 1977-April 1979 have been analysed with respect to their height, thickness, time, degree of inversion gradient and wind shear. It has been seen that stratified elevated layers occur under all kinds of strong or weak wind shear and inversion conditions. However, layers observed on days  of occurrence of thunderstorm or cold fronts have been seen to be accompanied with strong wind shear conditions, The magnitude of Wind shear has been calculated on days of sudden drop in surface temperature occurring during the storm. The calculated wind shear values show a hazardous situation for aviation.
Association of the geomagnetic and meteorological parameters in tropics
Authors: RAO D. R. K. , SONTAKKE K. G.
Published: February 2022

Using long series of the geomagnetic field observations at Alibag and corresponding formed from barometric pressure at Colaba (Bombay), biennial, pole-tide, annual and semi-annual signals are derived by cross spectral analysis technique, The possible solar-weather geomagnetic relations at these periodic variations are discussed. It is suggested that a study on the relative phase associations between the geomagnetic field and the pressure at annual and semi-annual cycles In time domain can be pursued towards the application aspect of the relationship.
Characteristic features of monsoon depression of the Bay of Bengal – An observational study
Authors: SINGH KAILASH , DABEER S. V. , MOHANDAS FLTLT L. V. , DATTA R. K.
Published: February 2022

The present study deals with three aspects of Bay of Bengal depressions during the monsoon period (i) to trace the possible origin of the disturbances, (ii) vertical structure during the formative, mature and decaying stages, and (iii) examination of the inter-relation between the intensification of depressions in the Bay and the strengthening of the lower tropospheric westerly jet and tropospheric upper level easterly jet. In all, 64 cases of monsoon depressions which formed in the decade from 1970 to 1979 have been studied.

 

It is observed that (i) 82 per cent of the total number of the systems advected either from east or southeast, (ii) the tilt of the circulation with height, was in the direction from which the systems advected in the formative stage. In the mature stage, there was practically no tilt and during the dissipating stage, no well-defined pattern was observed and (iii) the lower level westerly jet strengthened 1-2 days prior to the maximum intensification in about 55 per cent cases, whereas the strengthening of upper level easterly jet and maximum intensification were simultaneous in about 75 per cent of the total number of the cases.
Recent studies in medium range forecasting for Agromet advisory service
Authors: DE U. S.
Published: February 2022

The Agrometeorological Advisory Service for agricultural operations has been started by the India Meteorological Department in a few States. The paper describes the ongoing research work in the field or Medium Range Forecasting of rainfall for various subdivisions in India on a synoptic cum statistical basis. The method is based on a contingency technique which has been used to successfully forecast the weekly rainfall anomaly over East and West Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha, Madhyil Maharashtra, Marathwada and Tamil Nadu.
Forewarning of stem-borer attack on paddy- A feasolatory study at Pattambi
Authors: KAZI S. K. , BALKUNDI H. V. , VENKATARAMAN S.
Published: February 2022

Meteorological analysis or stem-borer attack on paddy crop at Pattambi (Kerala State) shows that both in pre-sowing season and the actual crop season, temperature, relative humidity and sunshine hours at some critical periods account for most or the variations in the percentage of infestation, Thus forewarning or the stem-borer attack on paddy crop at Pattambi from weather data appears feasible.
Fog forecasting over Calcutta and neighbourhood
Authors: BASU S.C.
Published: February 2022

Effect of temperature, dew-point temperature, wind and synoptic situation on the formation of fog at Calcutta (Alipore) during winter months have been studied and prediction diagrams for temperature and dew-point as well as fog have been prepared. It has been concluded that successful fog prediction is possible on the basis of forecast of dew-point which is likely to prevail during late night hours particularly during the minimum temperature epoch and that such accurate dew-point forecast is only possible by watching hourly variation of dew-point till 2200 IST.
A study of the Northeast Monsoon Rainfall of Tamilnadu
Authors: RAO P. R. KRISHNA , JAGANNATHAN P.
Published: February 2022

A mainly statistical study of the northeast monsoon (October to December) rainfall of Tamilnadu has been made utilising the rainfall data for the 80 years, 1870 to 1949. A grouping of the districts on the basis of average rainfall has been indicated. The distribution of the rainfall has been studied and the probability of occurrence of rainfall within certain specified limits has been given. The normality of distribution of the district rainfalls has been tested. The occurrence of abnormalities has been discussed with reference to the incidence depressions and cyclonic storms in the south Bay of Bengal. It is found that large excesses of rainfall occur when depressions and cyclonic storms strike or come very near to the Coromandel coast and large defects occur when such depressions and storms do not strike the coast although they may occur in the south Bay of Bengal.

 

An examination has also been made as to how far the influence of "World Factors " on the northeast monsoon rainfall of Tamilnadu shown by Doraiswamy Iyer could account for the abnormalities, The secular variation in the seasonal rainfall in the Tamilnadu districts has, been examined but no significant changes during the past 80 years could be found. The inter-district correlation co-efficients for the northeast monsoon rainfall have been calculated and it is found that all the correlation co-efficients are positive and except for a few all are significant by indicating that the whole of Tamilnad is a fairly homogeneous region as far as northeast monsoon rainfall is concerned.
Effect of electric current on the Magnetic instruments at Alibag Observatory
Authors: SOHONI V. V. , PRAMANIK S. K. , Malurkar S. L. , Venkiteshwaran S. P.
Published: February 2022

Experiments were conducted on the effect of electric current on the magnetographs A.C. produced no effect on the magnetographs even when a series of lamps were lit in the observatory room or the current was leaded to the ground close to the observatory with electrodes an opposite side of itsleadage of D.C. upto 5 amp, 220 v with electrodes 15’ apart at a distance of about 100 years or more from the magnetograph room did not oproduce any noticeable effect .
The diurnal and seasonal variations of the Surface Wind at Visakhapatnam
Authors: Agarwala K.S.
Published: February 2022

The present paper discusses the diurnal and seasonal variations of the wind at" Visakhapatnam at a height of 56½ ft above ground based on three years' data 1939-41. Curves showing the mean diurnal variation of the wind speed for the twelve months of the year are given and discussed; these curves show a strong maximum in the early afternoon. A rough estimate of the value of the co-efficient of eddy diffusion works out to be 137 in C;G.S. units. Tables of frequencies of prevailing wind direction at 3-hourlyinterva1sfor each month or the year are given and their main features are described; a table showing the diurnal variation of' calms also included. The general characteristics of land and sea breezes occurring at the station are briefly mentioned The annual variation of the speed and direction of wind as well as its steadiness is also briefly discussed. The mean monthly steadiness is found to vary from 60 to 92 per cent.
A study of fifty years rainfall of Madras city
Authors: Ramakrishnan K. P.
Published: February 2022

Daily normal rainfall, three day normal, three day moving normal, mean and extreme monthly totals, frequency of rapines of each calendar date, mean intensity par rainy day, proportion of rain occurring in different ranges of 24- hour intensities, frequency of rainy spells in different lengths intervals between rainy spells, spell of heavy rain, exceptionally heavy rains and variability of rainfall from year to year were worked out ifor Madras city for the fifty year period 1891-1940. The calendar dates on which rain never occurred were observed to be fresh week or second half jof March. In many years, February March and April were dry. March is the driest month. Rain in October and November accounted for more than normal of the year. A poor October rainfall will be compensated by a good November.
Lag coefficient of bimetal thermometer of chronometric radiosonde
Authors: MITRA H. , DATTA M. B.
Published: February 2022

The value  of  lag  coefficient of  the bimetal   thermometer   used in chronometric  radiosonde of the India Meteorological Department when it is exposed at various orientations to air currents  with different speeds has been determined experimentally. The order of errors that may be expected   due to lag at different pressure levels  has also been computed.
Advancing Innovation in Newfoundland and Labrador: Insights for Knowledge Mobilization and University-Community Engagement
Authors: Hall Heather , Walsh Jacqueline , Greenwood Rob , Vodden Kelly
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we provide insights for knowledge mobilization and university-community engagement based on the lessons learned from the Advancing Innovation in Newfoundland and Labrador Project. Out hope is to provide a window into the experiences of academics as they navigate the complexities and politics of mobilizing research and engaging with diverse stakeholders. Despite the challenges of this work, presented by factors inside and outside the academy, it is crucial to enhance our capabilities if we are to maximize the impact of universities in linking theory, research, and expertise with critical social and economic needs, such as enhancing innovation.
Building Civic Capacity for College Students: Flexible Thinking and Communicating as Puppeteers, Community Partners, and Citizen-Leaders
Authors: Thomson Deborah , Dumlao Rebecca , Howard John
Published: February 2022

College students face a complex world filled with pervasive social problems that require strong knowledge bases, critical thinking abilities, and sustained engagement in civic life. This article details key pedagogical practices for our innovative health puppetry program, in which undergraduate honors students use puppets to share information about healthy eating, diabetes prevention, and active lifestyles with children and their families in community settings. We articulate a notion of “flexible thinking” as the ability to take on and perform new roles within the public/civic arena by seeing complex social problems from multiple perspectives and responding with creative solutions and engaged action. We look to the written reflections of our student puppeteers to share, in their own words, multiple ways their thinking and communication changed as they grew as puppeteers, community partners, and citizen-leaders. We also offer insights about promoting flexible thinking through in-depth service-learning.
Gilt rearing impacts on sow performance and longevity – a review
Authors: Belkova Jaroslava , Rozkot Miroslav
Published: February 2022

Lifetime performance and longevity are very important parameters of profitability in sow breeding. Opportunity to improve lifetime performance and longevity may be found in the rearing period and preparation of gilts for their future reproductive role. With the aim to prevent premature culling, it is possible to influence body condition, limb condition, mammary gland development, and proper function of the reproductive tract through nutrition, technology, and rearing strategies. Nutrition plays a very important role, as it can affect all the basic requirements for achieving satisfactory gilt performance. Selecting the most effective rearing strategy can be difficult because there are many factors affecting performance and longevity. The aim of this literature review is to provide up-to-date information on how sow longevity and performance can be influenced through choice of gilt rearing strategies and the important area of nutrition.
Development of a compositional reservoir simulator for chemical enhanced oil recovery processes
Authors: Bekbauov B. E. , Temirkas M. M. , Kuchikov A. G.
Published: February 2022

To make decisions and ensure successful field development, oil companies use numerical simulation tools, including hydrodynamic simulators. This work is devoted to the development of a reservoir simulator based on a new formulation of partial differential equations of the chemical compositional model, as well as its testing by comparing the results of traditional and ASP flooding simulation with similar results of well-known simulators.
Шляхи покращення ефективності функціонування адміністративно-правового забезпечення права на мирні зібрання в Україні
Authors: Кобрусєва Є. А.
Published: February 2022

Наукова стаття присвячена дослідженню змісту правового забезпечення конституційного права на мирні зібрання в Україні, як засобу забезпечення дотримання прав громадян. Забезпечення права на мирні зібрання в Україні, в двигуні Європейських перегонів великої політики, породжує високу активність волевиявлення та захисту  прав та свобод громадян. З урахуванням процесів становлення держави та тривалого реформування різних державних інституцій, свобода та право громадян на мирні зібрання, ставить перед органами влади питання відповідності активності громадян у вирішенні своєї участі на державному та регіональному рівнях, відстоювання своїх інтересів шляхом вираження та донесення поглядів та незгоди до державних та місцевих структур влади. Постає питання законодавчого та практичного регулювання такого болючого питання  як відносини влади та суспільства шляхом урегулювання проведення мирних зібрань та активних «без зброї» акцій впливу на державні установи різного рівня. З урахуванням міжнародного досвіду, пропонуються алгоритми та механізми забезпечення права на мирні зібрання, які своєю складовою становлять можливість контролю спеціалізованих уповноважених органів за реалізацією права громадян на мирні зібрання  та  звернення до Європейського суду з прав людини у разі порушених прав та свобод громадян. Оскільки впровадження європейських стандартів є однією з передумов інтеграції України в європейський правовий простір. Оскільки право на свободу мирних зібрань не може бути реалізованим за відсутності кореспондуючих обов’язків, покладених на державу в особі її уповноважених органів, аналіз норм Конституції та законів України, дозволив виокремити такі органи у категорію суб’єктів владних повноважень забезпечення права на мирні зібрання.
Проблеми поводження з техногенними відходами
Authors: Легеза Ю. О. , Северин В. Ю.
Published: February 2022

Питання правового регулювання використання та охорони техногенних відходів перебувають на межі багатьох сфер наукового дослідження, тому наукові розробки вчених, які спеціалізуються на технічних, економічних, екологічних та інших дослідженнях, становитимуть наукову базу для дослідження питань правового регулювання використання та охорони земель гірничодобувної промисловості та стануть у пригоді при поглибленні правових досліджень даної проблематики, зокрема, для дослідження питань правового регулювання забезпечення раціонального використання та охорони техногенних родовищ корисних копалин, запровадження адміністративно-правових засад здійснення управлінської діяльності із набуття спеціальних прав на використання техногенних відходів. Метою статті є визначення нормативних проблем поводження із техногенними відходами. Реалізація поставленої мети передбачає вирішення низки завдань, як-от: 1) визначення сутності техногенних відходів як об’єктів правового регулювання; 2) характеристика особливостей здійснення обліку та паспортизації техногенних відходів й 3) зробити висновки із оптимізації режиму поводження із техногенними відходами. У статті обґрунтовується доцільність запровадження механізму застосування юридичної відповідальності за використання техногенних відходів, проблематика їх обліку та ліцензування господарської діяльності із поводження із ними, у тому числі самовільне освоєння техногенних відходів виробництва, невиконання вимог безпеки використання техногенних родовищ і вимог охорони навколишнього природного середовища.
Державна служба: проблеми адміністративно-правового регулювання її проходження в органах судової влади
Authors: Мінка Т. П.
Published: February 2022

У статті досліджується проблема адміністративно-правового регулювання проходження державної служби в органах судової влади. Детально проаналізовано адміністративно-правового законодавства про державну службу в органах судової влади. Запропоновано шляхи покращення адміністративно-правового регулювання державної служби в органах судової влади. Автором встановлено, що існуюче законодавство, яке регулює державну службу в органах судової влади не можна говорити про те, що воно вирішує всі питання державної служби. В цій статті обґрунтовано, що з метою покращення нормативно-правового регулювання державної служби в органах судової влади необхідно покращити підзаконну правотворчість у напрямку уніфікації підзаконних правових актів, узгодити їх положення між собою шляхом вилучення банкетних та дублюючих норм. Звернуто увагу на те, що потребує уніфікації та законодавчого регулювання: ситуація з визначенням кваліфікаційних вимог до претендентів на посади державної служби в органах судової влади з особливостей посади та обов’язків за цією посадою.
Суб’єкти адміністративного правопорушення, що пов’язані з корупцією
Authors: Кувакін С. В. , Борисова Ю. В.
Published: February 2022

Стаття присвячена визначенню посадових осіб як суб’єктів адміністративного правопорушення, що пов’язані з корупцією. Встановлено, що в умовах сьогодення запобігання та протидія будь-яким корупційним проявам залишається першочерговим завданням в Україні. Доведено, що виходячи із позицій законодавця, в теорії адміністративно-деліктного права, суб’єктний склад адміністративної відповідальності поділяється на наступні види: а) загальна адміністративна відповідальність; б) спеціальна адміністративна відповідальність, яка включає, зокрема й відповідальність посадових осіб. Підтверджено, що правопорушення вчинене посадовою собою представляє більш суспільну шкідливість ніж правопорушення, вчинені іншими особами, оскільки в першому випадку спричиняється шкода авторитету держави, зокрема економічній її складовій. Доведено, що сучасний стан законодавчого врегулювання адміністративної відповідальності за корупційні правопорушення посадових осіб потребує приведення її у відповідність з іншими правовими актами, що регулюють правовий статус посадових осіб, а також визначенню меж та особливостей притягнення до адміністративної відповідальності посадових осіб.
THE EFFECT OF WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER ON PROFITABILITY (EMPIRICAL STUDY OF TEXTILE AND GARMENT COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR THE 2014-2018 PERIOD)
Authors: Sari Devita , Brata Ignatius Oki Dewa
Published: February 2022

Cash flow from operating activities is the amount of cash flow originating from working capital is the right or part owned by the owner of the company indicated in the postal capital (share capital), surplus and retained earnings (S. Munawir, 2010: 19).  Profitability is a ratio to assess a company's ability to find profits or profits in a certain period.  This ratio can also provide a measure of the level of effectiveness of company management which can be shown from the profits obtained from sales or from investment income (Kasmir, 2015: 22). In this study the authors use quantitative methods, with descriptive research approaches and verification analysis.  by using the research method will be known a significant effect between the variables studied so that conclusions that will clarify the picture of the object under study, the sample in this study were 14 companies The analytical tool used in this study uses simple linear regression.  Based on the research results, the profitability represented by ROA is influenced by the working capital turnover.  Working Capital Turnover does not have a significant effect on Return of Assets.

Keywords: working rounds of working and return of asset.
Role of Trust On Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB): Perspective from The Employee On the Retail Sector in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Manik Ester
Published: February 2022

Individual behavior that can increase organizational effectiveness is an essential aspect for organizations to achieve optimal performance. For this reason, there is a need for research that can contribute to improving individual behavior in producing its effectiveness. However, previous research has shown a theoretical gap in measuring individual trust and organizational citizenship behavior. In theory, to fill the gap, this study measures the influence of individual beliefs and organizational citizenship behavior. Researchers surveyed employees who work in the retail sector as many as 257 employees. The researchers used a structural equation modeling approach – PLS with predictive purposes to test the research model. The study results indicate that there is a positive influence on individual beliefs based on intention and individual beliefs on actions on organizational citizenship behavior. The study's implications indicate the need to increase the motivational aspect to increase individual confidence so that it will lead to behavioral actions that can increase organizational effectiveness.
Impacts of the Pandemic on the Georgian Orthodox Church
Authors: Metreveli Tornike
Published: February 2022

The goal of this article is to examine the nature of interaction between the Georgian Orthodox Church (GOC) and the state during the pandemic. The article shows how the church’s gradual acknowledgement of the deadly character of the virus coincided with a strict adherence to certain highly risky religious practices (such as communion from the same spoon), while the Georgian government’s stance in defence of public health was unsystematic and accommodative to the church’s pressure.
COVID-19 and the Russian Orthodox Church
Authors: Hovorun Cyril
Published: February 2022

The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has affected in nuanced ways various religious niches and subcultures. This article explores some reactions to the pandemic as they have been developed and articulated in the Russian Orthodox Church. These reactions are diverse and often not public. On the upper level of the church’s leadership, the official standpoint of the Russian hierarchy is usually coherent with the official policies of the Russian state. On the lower levels, lay persons, priests, and even bishops often disobey the official line and propagate opposition to the anti-COVID-19 measures.
Digitalization of Ecclesiastical Practice in the Pandemic
Authors: Schlag Thomas
Published: February 2022

The international CONTOC study investigates which digital church formats were developed during the first wave of the Corona pandemic in spring and early summer 2020, and how pastors experience and assess the accelerated digitalization of church activities. First results indicate, on the one hand, a strengthening of participatory structures through the digital worship practice, but on the other hand a “top down” staging can also be observed. Did the new digital forms of communication bring about a change in ecclesial action in the German-speaking world during the first wave of the Corona pandemic, which began in the spring of 2020? What conclusions do pastoral personnel draw from their own experiences of this time with regard to worship, pastoral, diaconal and educational activities as well as with regard to their professional role and self-image? Will church activities be clearly transformed in the medium and long term towards more digital formats on the basis of these experiences and assessments?
The Serbian Orthodox Church in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vukomanović Milan
Published: February 2022

The goal of this article is to highlight the religious dimensions of the Covid-19 pandemic in Serbia through sociological interpretation of the institutional role of the Serbian Orthodox Church (SOC), including the process of the adjustment of clergy and believers to pandemic circumstances. Such an adjustment involves religious discourse, ritual practice, community and institution. A greater attention is thus dedicated to the uniqueness of the church institution in its relation to a broader social community, especially with regard to the discrepancies between the church practices and official state measures and restrictions. This also implies the necessity to mitigate tensions and prevent potential rifts between the religious and secular communities, or church and state.
Enhancing Performance of Mwasalat Misr Company in Greater Cairo-Egypt during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Elsafty Ashraf , Shaarawy Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This research study explores human resource management decisions, management roles, and how they can have a significant and unique impact on the performance of the Mwasalat Misr organization. The survey adopted a qualitative survey design using a sequential narrative approach using unstructured interviews and a stakeholder analysis approach using open-question questionnaires. The research focuses on how to advance the public transport industry by advancing the relationship between HRM and   organizational performance. Some of the key unresolved issues that require further research and help industry management investigate these issues and build a more cumulative body of knowledge that has important implications for theory and practice. Suggestions. The study concludes that four factors influence performance: personnel decisions, management roles, employee satisfaction, and cultural and organizational behavior. The COVID 19 pandemic has been found to serve as a parameter between the completed variable and the company's performance.
The Analysis of Translated Hedges in Trump’s Political Speeches and Interviews
Authors: AL-Jawadi Areej M. A.
Published: February 2022

This study tackles the analysis of translated hedges, in Trump’s political speeches and, interviews in the data, which have taken from three different political interviews of press conferences; that have conducted with U.S. President Donald Trump about coronavirus with their translations into Arabic. Therefore, the study has adopted Fraser’s classification of hedges and tries to apply it into the data. Moreover, the study has applied statistics to find out that illocutionary force hedges have widely used in Trump’s political speeches and interviews more than the propositional hedges according to Fraser’s classification of hedges. Thus, hedges can be considered as one of the most important linguistic phenomena because it can widely be used as a way of expressing points of view in political discourse. In addition to that, this linguistic phenomenon can be used by variety speakers of people in their daily life such as doctors, teachers, lawyers, but in particular politicians in their speeches, TV-interviews and press-conferences.
Rand R Wilcox
Authors: Harripersaud Ashwannie
Published: February 2022

This paper attempts to demystify the concepts underlying the study of probability. It also attempts to simplify the processes that govern the pragmatic use of probability. The paper employs practical examples in order to enable the use of probability in numerous fields, including sports, medicine, engineering, education, business, gambling, weather patterns, etc. At some point or another, we all employ probability without being aware that we are doing so. The conscious recognition that we are using probability makes our choices clearer and our decisions more informed.
Why is Mars the “Red Planet”? A New, Novel Hypothesis on the Features of Mars and the Origin of the Asteroid Belt
Authors: Edelman Jack R.
Published: February 2022

Mars has always been known as the “Red Planet because it is the only planet in our solar system with a red surface. The reasons for this uniqueness have never been proposed, other than the fact that its soil and surface rocks have a high content of iron oxide. In order to attempt to resolve this issue, a novel hypothesis is proposed herewith. Formulation of this hypothesis involved considering the unique features of Mars and putting them into a rational correlating explanation. The scenario involves the collision of a formerly much larger Mars with another planet early in the solar system’s history. The crust and mantle were blown off, forming the asteroid belt, leaving the iron core intact. Upon cooling and solidification, the iron core combined with oxygen in the remaining atmosphere to form rust-colored iron oxide (rust). Methane in the early atmosphere underwent combustion, forming its current high carbon dioxide atmosphere.  The combustion of methane also produced massive amounts of liquid water, explaining the dried-up erosional features of the planet’s surface, such as river valleys. The point of impact formed a long, deep canyon, Valles Marineris, and the nearby giant volcano, Olympus Mons, even in the absence of Mars’ tectonic activity. The cooled, solidified core may explain why Mars has no magnetic field. If accurate, these ideas may help space programs prepare astronauts for manned exploration of the Red Planet, as well as facilitating an understanding of its unusual features.
Introduction
Authors: Hofheinz Albrecht , Guth Stephan
Published: February 2022

Theoretical background, methodological considertations, and project history.
ʿAshwāʾiyyāt (EG)
Authors: Armbrust Walter
Published: February 2022

An array of Egyptian lifeworlds in 2016.
Clash
Authors: Chiti Elena
Published: February 2022

An array of Egyptian lifeworlds in 2016.
Clash
Authors: Achour-Kallel Myriam
Published: February 2022

An array of Tunisian lifeworlds in 2016.
Homocysteine and Dementia in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Jun Luo Jin , Zhang Lin , J. Dun Nae
Published: February 2022

Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia are neurodegenerative disorders that can be frequently seen in the elderly. Homocysteine (Hcy) is an intermediary metabolite from methylation, which is highly relevant to body physiologic activities including DNA metabolism. Elevated plasma level of homocysteine (eHcy) is seen in normal aging individuals and patients with neurologic disorders such as PD or dementia. Although clinical observations confirm the finding that eHcy is prevalent in PD patients, the former is not a recognized etiology causing PD but rather, an adverse outcome related to the therapy of dopaminergic supplementation. Notably, eHcy may exacerbate various medical and neurologic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke, mild cognitive impairment, all of which are potential risks for dementia. This chapter discusses the concerns of eHcy relative to dementia in PD.
Dark Matter in Spiral Galaxies as the Gravitational Redshift of Gravitons
Authors: Oliveira Firmin , L. Smith Michael
Published: February 2022

Several recent attempts to observe dark matter with characteristics similar to atomic or subatomic particles as Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) have failed to detect anything real over a wide energy range. Likewise, considerations of large, non-emitting objects as the source of most dark matter fall short of expectations. Here we consider the possibility that massless gravitons suffering slow redshift may be responsible for the properties of spiral galaxies attributed to dark matter. Particles such as gravitons will be extremely difficult to directly detect; the best we can envision is measuring this influence on stellar and galactic motions. Since the motions of stars and galaxies are non-relativistic, we can apply our idea to describe the expected large-scale motions using only Newtonian mechanics. Using our assumption about the importance of the graviton, we here describe the well-known Tully-Fisher relationship of spiral galaxies without resorting to hypothesizing exotic WIMPs or invoking modifications of Newtonian dynamics (MoND).
Recent Developments in the Application of Advanced Oxidative Processes for Remediation of Persistent Organic Pollutants from Water
Authors: Oluwafunmilayo Daramola Ifeoluwa , Ayorinde Adebayo Matthew
Published: February 2022

Environmental pollution as a result of industrialization is a continuous menace. In our precious environment, Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are constantly present and these pollutants are of great concern because of their high level of toxicity, persistency and bioaccumulation. Therefore, this chapter discusses different types and sources of POPs in the environment. The chapter also introduces Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) and the classes of AOPs. Removal of selected POPs from aqueous solutions by AOPs, such as sulfate radical, ionizing radiation, heterogeneous photocatalysis, electrohydraulic discharge system, ozonation, and Fenton processes, were discussed. The major aim of the chapter is to make available to environmental scientists the recent developments in the removal of POPs by AOPs.
Nutrition Management in Neurogenic Dysphagia
Authors: V. Petrova Marina , E. Shestopalov Alexandr , V. Yakovleva Alexandra , Pradhan Pranil , A. Yakovlev Alexey
Published: February 2022

Neurogenic dysphagia is an increasingly common problem. This chapter describes current approaches to enteral nutrition in patients with neurogenic dysphagia. We have shown the possibilities and our experience of using diet with a measured degree of density, specialized thickeners for drinks and food, ready-made enteral mixtures. We also identified patients who need a nasogastric tube or gastrostomy.
A Comparison of the Undetermined Coefficient Method and the Adomian Decomposition Method for the Solutions of the Sasa-Satsuma Equation
Authors: Asma Mir
Published: February 2022

This chapter will talk about the mathematical as well as numerical aspects of the Sasa-Satsuma equation that is the extended nontrivial version of nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation. The exact solution will be found out by the undetermined coefficient method. After that, the Adomian decomposition method is secure numerical simulations of computed analytical solutions. The error plots are given to see the accuracy of the results.
Challenges and Advances in Welding and Joining Magnesium Alloy to Steel
Authors: Tukur Auwal Shamsu , Sule Dambatta Murtala , Ramesh Singh , Caiwang Tan
Published: February 2022

Hybrid structures built using Mg/steel are expected to have an increasing impact on the future developments of the manufacturing sector, especially where lightweight structures are required in order to reduce fuel consumption, greenhouse gases and improve efficiency of energy-converting systems. To this end, there is a pressing need for a joining technology to produce effective and low-cost dissimilar Mg/steel joints. Joining of these materials has always been a challenging task for researchers, due to the wide discrepancies in physical properties and lack of metallurgical compatibilities that make the welding process difficult. Based on the existing literature, a successful joint between magnesium alloys and steel can be achieved by inserting an interlayer at the interface or mutual diffusion of alloying elements from the base metal (BM). Thus, intermetallic phases (IMCs) or solid solutions between Mg and the interlayer and also the interlayer and Fe formed at the interface. However, the interfacial bonding achieved and the joints performance depend significantly on the intermediate phase. This paper reviewed the research and progress in the area of joining of Mg alloys to various grades of steel by variety of welding processes, with focus on the techniques used to control the morphology and existence state of intermediate phase and improving the mechanical properties.
Topical Moisturisers for the Management of Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Mijaljica Dalibor , Spada Fabrizio , P. Harrison Ian
Published: February 2022

The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of basic and tailored topical moisturisers and discuss how and why they form the backbone for the management of psoriasis. Our discussion begins by describing the main characteristics of psoriasis and by indicating how alterations in the skin’s integrity and barrier function contribute to the initial development of psoriasis and subsequent changes in psoriasis phenotype. Next, we address the evolution of topical moisturisers to ever more sophisticated and beneficial products, and describe the key biophysical effects exerted on the psoriatic skin by their active ingredients, as well as the myriad benefits offered by fundamental and specialty ingredients. Furthermore, we delineate how topical moisturiser formulation modalities can help to improve compromised skin barrier function and to alleviate the symptoms of psoriasis, cosmetically and/or therapeutically as well as discuss the associated concerns and challenges encountered along the way.
Post-Stroke Balance Impairments Assessment: Clinical Scales and Current Technologies
Authors: Ortega-Bastidas Paulina , Gómez Britam , Barriga Karen , Saavedra Francisco , Aqueveque Pablo
Published: February 2022

This chapter aims to address the different impairments in the balance after stroke, beginning with an introduction on the main dysfunctions that can be observed, specifically in different transfers as sit-to-stand and gait. Also, a review of the main test and assessment scales most used in the clinical settings in this population. Finally, the application of new technologies and the technological advances used in clinical settings for human analysis focusing on balance are addressed. For example, the types of technologies used, their applications, and the combination with the existing clinical assessment tools. As a closure, we explain the importance of early detection and treatment of balance impairments in the post-stroke population to prevent falls.
Shipping Digitalization and Automation for the Smart Port
Authors: Hirata Enna , Watanabe Daisuke , Lambrou Maria
Published: February 2022

Shipping, like most industries, is undergoing a digital transformation process which influences existing business models and operational practices, in a multifaceted way. Today, the shipping business context has been changing to incorporate further social demands, environmental, innovation and sustainability priorities, into fundamental shipping strategies, while taking advantage of technological advancements. In the era of Industry 4.0, which constitutes a recent evolution of advanced communications and information technologies and further promotes sustainable, human-centric, and resilient business development strategies, shipping and port entities need to embrace a broader perspective and a deeper understanding of various elemental technologies, namely: Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Big Data, and Physical Internet, in addition to core maritime logistics matters. This chapter proposes a descriptive framework of shipping digitalization and port automation, while providing a review of related technologies and business approaches, also international initiatives, for automation in global ports. Hence the chapter offers insights for business practitioners to steer through the current challenging global environment, also for policy makers to gain a more informed understanding of maritime logistics developments, towards necessary coordination and oversight mechanisms implementation.
Review of Ortho-Biologics in Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Konopitski Andrew , Malige Ajith
Published: February 2022

Rotator cuff repair is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in orthopedics, yet rates of postoperative failure and retear remain relatively high. Poor biology and limited healing potential at the cuff insertion are frequently cited as potential confounders to otherwise technically successful surgeries. Over the past several years, ortho-biologics have been developed in an attempt to augment rotator cuff repairs. The following review will briefly cover normal biomechanics and histology of the rotator cuff and how this is altered in cuff tears, provide an in-depth summary of the available literature on various ortho-biologic agents, outline the limitations of each agent and give an idea on the future of ortho-biologics in rotator cuff.
Minerals Observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM)
Authors: Nurit Taitel-Goldman
Published: February 2022

Pictures from a scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution microscopy are presented. Samples were collected from the marl layer in Judean Mountains in Israel, and the minerals observed were dolomite, calcite, goethite, and K-feldspar. In sands along the Mediterranean Seashore and the coastal plain in Israel, dark grains were rich in Ti, and quartz grains were covered by clays and hematite. Dust samples included clay minerals, Ti and Fe oxides. Iron oxides (goethite, akaganéite and lepidocrocite) were preserved within halite crystals at the Dead Sea area. In the Atlantis II and Thetis Deeps, in the central Red Sea, hot brines feel the deeps and minerals found in cores were magnetite, goethite, ferroxyhyte, manganite, todorokite, groutite and short range ordered ferrihydrite and singerite. Observation by electron microscopy enables us to see the size of euhedral or unhedral phases. Relations between the minerals are observed. Point analyses yield the chemical composition of the mineral with impurities, and Electron diffraction identifies the crystallography of the minerals.
The Importance of Sleep in Athletes
Authors: Costa Júlio , Figueiredo Pedro , Y. Nakamura Fábio , Brito João
Published: February 2022

Sleep is an essential component for athletes’ recovery from fatigue, due especially to its physiological and psychological restorative effects. Moreover, sleep is extremely important for numerous biological functions, and sleep deprivation can have significant effects on athletic performance in short-, medium-, and long term. For example, and considering the physiology of sleep for athletes, some hormonal responses that take place in the lead up to and during sleep (e.g., growth hormone—important role in muscle growth and repair) may be affected following exercise (i.e., training and competition), especially when compared with non-athlete’s populations. Thus, monitoring sleep is also crucial to understand responses to training and readiness, enabling appropriate planning. Importantly, sleep monitoring also intends to reduce the risk of injury, illness, and nonfunctional overreaching. Moreover, an “individual approach” in athletes monitoring could help in better prescribe training contents and more adequately manage fatigue, as well as recommend pertinent post-match recovery strategies, such as sleep hygiene interventions. Overall, for understanding the athlete’s sleep patterns/responses and to optimize the recovery strategies, it is crucial for comprehensive monitoring of his/her health, performance, fitness, and fatigue status.
Technology Enabled Active Learning in Electrical Engineering
Authors: Abdur Rauf Magrabi Syed
Published: February 2022

Educational technology supports meaningful learning and enables the presentation of spatial and dynamic images, which portray relationships among complex concepts. The Technology-Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) involves media-rich software for simulation and visualization in freshman Electrical Engineering carried out in a specially redesigned classroom to facilitate group interaction. These technology-based learning materials are especially useful in safety procedures in transformers in electrical engineering to help students conceptualize phenomena and processes. This study analyzes the effects of the unique learning environment of the TEAL on students’ cognitive and affective outcomes. The assessment of the project included examining students’ conceptual understanding before and after studying safety procedures in electrical engineering in a media-rich environment. We also investigated the effect of this environment on students’ preferences regarding the various teaching methods. As part of the project, we developed pre-test and posttests consisting of conceptual questions from standardized tests, as well as questions designed to assess the effect of visualizations and experiments. It consisted of a small- and a large-scale experimental groups and a control group. TEAL students improved their conceptual understanding of the subject matter to a significantly higher extent than their control group peers. A majority of the students in the small-scale experiment noted that they would recommend the TEAL course to fellow students, indicating the benefits of interactivity, visualization, and hands-on experiments, which the technology helped enable also about teaching learning process for building students confidence is discussed. In the large-scale implementation students expressed both positive and negative attitudes in the course survey and feedback is also mentioned.
Efficacy of zirconium oxide nanoparticles coated onvstainless steel and nickel titanium wires in orthodontic treatment
Authors:   Saveetha Dental College and Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai-600077, Tamil Nadu, India, Selvaraj Abirami
Published: February 2022

It is of particular intrigue to synthesize, analyze anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory activity, cytotoxicity effect of clove and cardamom reinforced zirconium oxide nanoparticles to coat the orthodontic archwires and study its ramifications. Characterization of nanoparticles was done using Transmission electron microscopic analysis (TEM). Antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion method. Cytotoxic effect was assessed using Brine Shrimp Assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was completed using Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). A Digital magnetic stirrer with a hot plate was used to coat orthodontic arch wires such as NiTi and SS. TEM spherical shape was of size 5 -20 nm. Minimal cytotoxicity was observed at 50 ĴL. Anti-inflammatory property was fair. Antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus species, streptococcus mutans staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans was recorded. NiTi and SS showed a colour shift from silver to orange red with a uniform surface coating on wires. Thus, green synthesized zirconium oxide nanoparticles have potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory properties with minimal cytotoxicity for further consideration as nanocoatings on orthodontic archwires such as NiTi and Stainless Steel.