bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Market Access and Aggregate Sale through Value Chain in Agri-Produce: The Role of Community Owned Women Association
Authors:   Department of Marketing and Strategy, ICFAI Business School (IBS), Hyderabad, The ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education (IFHE) (Deemed to be university u/s 3 of the UGC Act 1956) Hyderabad-India, Gnanamkonda* Vijayudu , C Anitha ,   Department of Finance and Accounts, ICFAI Business School (IBS), Hyderabad, The ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education (IFHE) (Deemed to be university u/s 3 of the UGC Act 1956) Hyderabad-India, P Sashikala ,   Department of Operations and IT, ICFAI Business School (IBS), Hyderabad, The ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education (IFHE) (Deemed to be university u/s 3 of the UGC Act 1956) Hyderabad-India
Published: October 2019

Gram Abhyudaya Mandali (GRAM) functions as the parent NGO, conceptualizes the requirement of social and economic development of rural poor women through self-help groups. It conceptualizes, the idea of Aggregate Sell Model for its members, endeavors to create a successful platform by collective pooling and marketing and the sale of its agricultural commodities (like Soya, Paddy, and Maize), by surpassing local mediators transparently using technology. This model benefits its women service members (around 50,000) through 20 Mutually Aided Cooperative Societies (MACS) located across villages in tribal districts of Nizamabad and Adilabad of Telangana, India. The methodology adopted for research study is based on Focused Group Discussions (FGDs). FGDs were conducted and the results were analyzed. Results showed that elimination of intermediaries and adopting transparent process facilitated profitability to the members of the society. The contribution of the study is to elevate the ‘Collective Sale’ (through community owned hub point for its agricultural products), that is uniquely adopted by GRAM. This model could be either adopted or modified to other societies that are operational in rural/semi- urban areas.
Effect of Feeding Technique in Mechanical Behaviour of Sic/Tio2 Reinforced AA 6082 Composites
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India., Subramaniyan* I.Karthic , Srividhya P.K. ,   Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India., Jeyasimman D. ,   Asso.Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: October 2019

In this study, SiC and TiO2 nanoparticles reinforced AA 6082 composites were prepared by stir casting technique. The optimized quantities of reinforcement particles used in composites was 6 Wt.%. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness of prepared composites were improved significantly about with novel multi-encapsulate feeding as compared normal feeding technique. Also, the drastic improvement was noted with microstructure in order to form of health clusters and homogeneous distribution under novel feeding than normal feeding. The testing shows that the micro hardness and tensile strength was improved about 10% and 5% than normal feed process. Lesser blow holes and good matrix materials dispersion was found in multi encapsulate feeding process. From this experimentation, it was confirmed that multiple encapsulate feeding of reinforcement particles can increase the mechanical strength and microstructure properties than normal feed technique.
Efficiency Measurement using Dea
Authors:   Faculty at School of Rural Management, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., H.S* Prof. Ganesha , Vaswani Prof. L.K. ,   was previously Director, KSRM, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India., Subudhi Prof. Rabi N. ,   Senior Professor at School of Management, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Published: October 2019

The technique of Data Envelopment Analysis originated with the publication of a seminal paper Measurement of efficiency of decision making units (Charnes et al, 1978). Since then several models and methods are devised over the years and the technique has been used in varied fields and different applications both in the private and the public sectors. This paper surveys the various literature published in the field in the areas of a) various models and methods and b) various application procedures in applying the technique in various fields.The paper demonstrates the use of the method with a practical example of service delivery of Veterinary Districts of Odisha using CCR Output oriented model. The results produced include average efficiencies and projections for achieving efficiency.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN PT. GRAFIKA WANGI KALIMANTAN
Authors: Periyadi Periyadi , Ambarwati Riris
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The main objective in this study is to study and analyze (1) How much influence the job satisfaction factor includes Compensation, Job Characteristics and work morale on Employee Job Satisfaction (2) How much Compensation has an influence on employee job satisfaction (3) How much Characteristics Employment Work Against Employee Job Satisfaction (4) How much morale influences work satisfaction. The targets in this study include (1) Increasing employee work productivity through employee job satisfaction (2) Making guidelines for company leaders to be able to improve employee job satisfaction. This research was conducted with quantitative methods and used analytical methods with SPSS Windows For Data as a data analysis tool. Keywords: compensation, job characteristic, work morale, job satisfaction Abstrak: Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis (1) Seberapa besar pengaruh faktor kepuasan kerja yang meliputi Kompensasi, Karakteristik Pekerjaan dan semangat kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan (2) Seberapa besar Kompensasi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap Kepuasan kerja karyawan(3) Seberapa besar Karakteristik Pekerjaan Berpengeruh Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan (4) Seberapa besar semangat kerja berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja. Adapun target dalam penelitian ini antara lain (1) Meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja karyawan (2) Menjadikan pedoman bagi pimpinan perusahaan untuk dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif serta menggunakan metode analisis dengan SPSS Windows For Data sebagai sebuah alat analisis data Kata kunci : kompensasi, karakteristik pekerjaan, semangat kerja, kepuasan kerja
ANALISIS MOTIVASI DAN KEMAMPUAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA BENGKEL UD. RIO MOTOR ANGSANA KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU BORNEO SELATAN
Authors: Nidawati Nor Isna
Published: October 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of work motivation and work ability on job satisfaction and employee performance at the UD workshop. Rio Motor Angsana Tanah Bumbu Regency - South Borneo. The research method used is Structural Equation Model (SEM) is a multivariate statistical analysis technique used to build, estimate, and test causal relations. Partial Least Square (PLS) estimation method in analyzing SEM and building a desktop-based application for the PLS method that is easy to use. The use of PLS method itself is because it is an alternative method in analyzing SEM models that have small amounts of data and are not normally distributed. This study uses R software to help analyze the use of the PLS method. The results showed that the value of R2 produced was 51%, which meant that the model built was categorized as a good model. In the significance test with a significance level of 5%, the results showed that work motivation and work ability had a significant influence on job satisfaction and employee performance at the UD workshop. Rio Motor Angsana Tanah Bumbu Regency - South Borneo Keywords: work motivation, work experience, competence and employee performance Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh motivasi kerja dan kemampuan kerja terhadap kepuasam kerja dan kinerja karyawan pada pada bengkel UD. Rio Motor Angsana Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu - Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Model (SEM) merupakan teknik analisis statistik multivariat yang digunakan untuk membangun, mengestimasi, dan menguji relasi sebab akibat. metode estimasi Partial Least Square (PLS) dalam menganalisis SEM dan membangun sebuah aplikasi berbasis desktop untuk metode PLS yang mudah untuk digunakan. Penggunaan metode PLS sendiri dikarenakan sebagai metode alternatif dalam menganalisis model SEM yang memiliki data berjumlah kecil dan tidak berdistribusi normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan software R untuk membantu menganalisis penggunaan  metode PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nilai R2 yang dihasilkan adalah 51% yang berarti model yang dibangun dikategorikan model yang baik. Pada uji signifikansidengan taraf signifikansi 5%, diperoleh hasil bahwa motivasi kerja dan kemampuan kerja memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja karyawan pada pada bengkel UD. Rio Motor Angsana Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu - Kalimantan Selatan. Kata kunci : motivasi kerja, pengalaman kerja, kompetensi dan kinerja karyawan
Pengaruh Drama 1000 HPK Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap, Asupan Zat Gizi Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas 11 Ilir Palembang
Authors: MARDIANA MARDIANA , YULIANTO YULIANTO
Published: October 2019

Penyuluhan gizi merupakan proses belajar untuk mengembangkan pengertian dan sikap yang positif terhadap gizi sehingga membentuk dan memiliki kebiasaan makan yang baik. Gerakan 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (1000 HPK) merupakan suatu gerakan percepatan perbaikan gizi yang diadopsi dari gerakan Scaling Up-Nutrition. (SUN)Movement. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui Pengaruh Drama 1000 HPK Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap, asupan zat gizi Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas 11 Ilir Palembang. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pre test – post test with control. Sampel adalah ibu hamil trimester I sampai III sebanyak 80 orang dengan kriteria inklusi dan eklusi. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat, dengan menggunakan uji statistik Paired t-test dan Independent Sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah penyuluhan media drama 1000 HPK terjadi peningkatan skor rata-rata terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, asupan gizi ibu hamil dan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, sikap, asupan E, P, KH, Fe (p <0,05), dan tidak ada perbedaan asupan lemak ibu hamil pada kelompok perlakuan dan pembanding. Disarankan kepada petugas gizi puskesmas agar lebih meningkatkan frekwensi penyuluhan khususnya materi 1000 HPK dengan menggunakan beragam media yang menarik seperti media audio visual (video drama) dan ceramah serta diskusi tanya jawab sehingga ibu hamil lebih mudah memahami dan mengingat isi pesan serta lebih siap dalam melahirkan generasi yang sehat cedas dan berkwalitas.
Scientific collaboration network ammong Brazilian universities
Authors: Escalona-Fernandez Maria Isabel , Pulgarin-Guerrero Antonio , Oliveira Ely Francina Tannuri de , Gracio Maria Cláudia Cabrini
Published: October 2019

This paper analyses the scientific collaboration network formed by the Brazilian universities that investigate in dentistry area. The constructed network is based on the published documents in the Scopus (Elsevier) database covering a period of 10 (ten) years. It is used social network analysis as the best methodological approach to visualize the capacity for collaboration, dissemination and transmission of new knowledge among universities. Cohesion and density of the collaboration network is analyzed, as well as the centrality of the universities as key-actors and the occurrence of subgroups within the network. Data were analyzed using the software UCINET and NetDraw. The number of documents published by each university was used as an indicator of its scientific production.
Electronic journals accessing through UGC-Infonet consortium by the faculty members and research scholars in Alagappa University, India
Authors: Chinnasamy Baskaran
Published: October 2019

This paper has been examined the faculty members and research scholars visit the library for accessing e-journals from UGC-Infonet consortium. It has been analyzed the information usage pattern and needs of the respective users a survey was conducted among faculty and research scholars in Alagappa University. The population included in the study comprised one hundred twenty respondents from Arts, Science, Management and Education departments and of that, faculty is forty five and fifty eight are research scholars. This study reveals that most of faculty members are access to e-journals at weekly 24 (44%). The faculty member and research scholars aware about UGC@Infonet accounted 103 (85.99%) and 17 (14.16) respondents are not aware this programme. The study observed that the faculty members who responded to the study, 70 (59.1%) learned through guidance from their teachers/guide 28 (56%). It is provide the highest proportion of faculty members 21 (42%) use their department for accessing the information, while research scholars 28 (40%) they were accessing their e-journals in their department itself.
PLACING THE ARCHIVE ON MATHEMATICAL MEANING
Authors: Moro-Cabero María Manuela
Published: October 2019

A comparative study will be undertaken in order to unveil a set of affinities perceived between the history of numbers and awareness of the value of the archive in an organization. Two hypotheses are investigated: 1) the archive has to be perceived by the agents involved in it as an asset in the organization; and 2) electronic work environments include multiple challenges and significant possibilities for an archive and/or its management system for documents to be treated in an organization. An analytical method of descriptive nature is used based on comparison, with the aid of normative and bibliographic sources of archive. Using this method the assumptions made were checked and new actions were suggested due to continued change.
Evaluation of internet resources
Authors: Kaushik Anna
Published: October 2019

In the Internet age, most of information is available on the Internet in the different formats which known as “Internet resources” and people use Internet information for their different purposes but it is very essential for every Internet user to evaluate the retrieved Internet resources before making their uses to accomplish the tasks. This paper presents a review of selected literature found on evaluation of Internet resources available in different format in LIS domain with the following objectivities (i) To know the literature available on the need of evaluation of Internet resources; (ii) To identify the availability of literature on evaluating Internet resources; (iii) To examine the various criteria suggested for evaluating different types Internet resources by authors. This study will assist to users in framing the evaluation criteria for resources exist in various formats on the Internet.
Integrated actions of information and knowledge management in the accountig sector of a public university
Authors: Lira Suzana de Lucena , Duarte Emeide Nóbrega
Published: October 2019

It discusses the relevance of information and knowledge management in an institution of public higher education. It focuses on the stimulus, which can be implemented through assertive actions in the creation and maintenance of organizational knowledge, and as a general objective, analyzing the actions of the management of information and the knowledge of the technical coordination of Accounting and Finance of the University. In the methodological aspect, the research is characterized as study of case and field, configured as a study of qualitative and quantitative, exploratory and descriptive nature. It uses as a tool for data collection an individual questionnaire, without identification, which allowed us to recognize the actions of IKM, through the ‘diagnosis of knowledge management’, in the perspective of Bukowitz and Williams, adopted as a parameter. For the organization and analysis of data, the analysis of content was made. The results obtained reveal that the findings of the survey were positive for the shares of IKM, although there is a need for improvement with regard to encouraging the sharing of knowledge in the areas that make the Coordination of Accounting and Finance of the University.
Information management, information technology and behavior and values relation to information in higher institutions (HEI) of Belo Horizonte
Authors: Macedo Solange Madalena Souza , Barbosa Ricardo Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the results of a study about information management, information technology management and behaviors and values concerning information in Brazilian institutions of higher education. The ‘information orientation’ (IO) model, developed by Donald A. Marchand, William J. Kettinger and John D. Rollins (2000) was adopted as a conceptual basis for the study. The data was collected through questionnaires filled by 83 (eighty-three) managers of higher education institutions (HEI) located in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The results show that, as perceptions of their managers, HEI are oriented towards information, although this guideline varies according to the dimensions of the construct of the HI Model, which has as central information management, information technology and informational values and behaviors. It was noted that the managers of HEI perceive each of these elements, there is a predominance of HEI Information Technology.
Information elements of culture (un)favorable to the implementation of the new organizational structure of the system of libraries from UFPB
Authors: Silva Josélia Maria Oliveira da , Duarte Emeide Nóbrega
Published: October 2019

This research aims to analyze the implications of the information culture of the Library System of the Federal University of Paraíba, as a facilitator for the implementation of the new organizational structure. Methodologically, the research is descriptive, with a qualitative approach. Regarding the means, it is characterized as documentary and field research. A questionnaire with open and closed questions, analysis of documents, a semi-structured interview and direct observation that allowed the using of the approach strategy of triangulation data were adopted as research instrument. To analyze the data, we employed the method of content analysis. The results indicate that the information culture, active in the Library System, does not contribute to the implementation of the new organizational structure taking into account that the demonstration of informational intricacies does not have equities in information behavior between strategic management and tactics adopted in the system. The results suggest that managers of sectorial libraries and system need to face the challenge of building together in a systematic, structured and participatory culture informational possible to concatenate in its structure the formal and informal means of communication.
Intellectual production of the professors from Faculty of Education/UFRGS
Authors: Ferreira Ana Gabriela Clipes
Published: October 2019

This article aims to approach the intellectual production of the Professors from the Faculty of Education at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (FACED/UFRGS). This study is about a quantitative traits with qualitative analyzes using mixed methods. Through the Common Command Language (CCL) command at the software Aleph, it was collected the productions deposited from 2007 to 2010 and it was confronted with the data of the 2010 Census of Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). The type of document on which the FACED departments publish more were the papers presented in annals of international events, followed by chapters of books and articles in national journals indexed. Concluded that although constrained, the method used enables the analysis of productivity of diversified documents, which would not be possible in a database collection.
Till nytta eller onytta: Argument rörande allmänna ämnen i ungas yrkesutbildning i efterkrigstidens Sverige
Authors: Ledman Kristina
Published: October 2019

General Subjects in Vocational Education and Training in Post-War SwedenThe present article focuses on the role of general subjects in the curriculum for vocational education and training (VET) in Swedish upper secondary schools after the Second World War. It shows that a steady increase in general VET subjects as a result of Social Democratic legislation in 1968 and 1991 was interrupted by a Liberal-Conservative government bill introduced in 2009, which led to a reduction. The rhetoric of these reforms is analyzed with the intent of increasing insight into the perceived educational benefits of general subjects in VET. The study employs the analytical lens of Gert Biesta and his proposed major functions of education: qualification, socialization, and sub-jectification. The results serve to illuminate the present-day educational po-licy debate, showing that the place of general subjects in the curriculum has been motivated by the important role they play in educating youth in demo-cracy, teaching them to function effectively in an increasingly international-ized and multicultural society and economy, for their lifelong learning and for the continued economic growth of the Swedish society. With the enactment of the government bill of 2009, however, the qualifying function of general subjects in VET was devaluated. The new curriculum that followed prioritized strictly vocational skills and the transition of graduates directly into the labour market.
The State and the Rise of a Continuous Popular Educational Sphere in Sweden c. 1870s–1910s
Authors: Berg Anne
Published: October 2019

The age of imperialism, from the 1870s to the 1910s, saw the rise of a popular educational sphere in Sweden as well as in the rest of Europe. This sphere was characterised by an incomparable institutional growth and continuity. In earlier research, the growth of popular education has often been explained as a consequence of class-politics and the formation of a civil society. In this article I argue that another explanatory factor needs to be inserted in the overall historical narrative in Sweden, namely the material pre-conditions of the organisations that rose to stability and especially the economic grants offered by the industrial state. In fact, this study shows how the growth of the sphere and state grants to institutions such as folk high schools and lecture-societies went hand in hand. Furthermore it is shown how the share of public funding from the central bureaucracy as well as the local institutions of government successively became the dominant sources of income for folk high schools and lecture-societies. Thus, the article argues that the economic role of the state was a crucial factor for the rise of a continuous popular educational sphere.
Educating for Peace: The Role and Impact of International Organisations in Interwar and Post-War Danish School Experiments, 1918–1975
Authors: Andreasen Karen Egedal , Ydesen Christian
Published: October 2019

In the aftermath of the two world wars, strong international networks and organisations manifested themselves with promotion of peace through education on their agenda. Danish pedagogical experiments and experimental schools were strongly influenced by these trends and played a role in subsequent school practices and policies. Drawing on the notions of “the transnational” and “trading spaces” as well as the theoretical concepts of transfer, translation, and transformation, this article addresses the following research question: How were international ideas, knowledge and practice of promoting peace through education transferred, translated, and transformed in Danish school experiments in interwar and post-war scenarios? In exploring this question, the article uses transnational and Danish archival sources as well as journals and reports linked to the Danish progressive education movement. Thus, the article contributes to our understanding of the entanglements of educational ideas and to how trends of internationalisation and globalisation work.
Swedish Education Exhibitions and Aesthetic Governing at World´'s Fairs in the Late Nineteenth Century
Authors: Lundahl Christian
Published: October 2019

For many historians of education, the emergence of a modern education system after the mid-nineteenth century was a national and regional process, neatly and carefully closed off within the borders of the nation. However, these accounts have often disregarded the effects of the flows of cross-border ideas and technologies, such as international comparisons, lesson-drawing, policy diffusion and travel, as well as local adaptations and translations of education policy originating elsewhere. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the relations between Swedish education and the international scene when it comes to policy and practice formation. The field of study is the international World´s Fairs of 1862–1904. Looking at what Sweden displayed, and understanding how visitors perceived it, the article raises questions concerning how exhibitions like these worked as mediators of educational ideals. The focus will be on the dissemination of aesthetic ideals, and the article will show that the World’s Fairs were platforms for an aesthetic normativity that had governing effects locally as well as globally.
The Emergence of Physical Education as a Subject for Compulsory Schooling in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Phokion Heinrich Clias and Adolf Spiess
Authors: Horlacher Rebekka
Published: October 2019

In general, schooling and nation-building are associated with the unifying role of language and history education, since language and culture are perceived as fundamental pillars of the nation. Less discussed—at least regarding the curriculum—is the role of physical education, even if physical education was a highly political issue in the first decades of the nineteenth century. Based on a case study of Switzerland and textbooks for physical education by Adolf Spiess and the activities of Phokion Heinrich Clias for the Bernese school, this article discusses how physical education, distinct from the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries’ care for the body, became a school subject of the nineteenth century compulsory schools and how it was related to the notion of nation and nation-building. It argues that physical education became first part of the “modern” philanthropic education and schooling, was soon taken for granted as an essential curricular component of nation-building and lost thereby the political threat.
(Inter)nationalistisk folkbildning: Säkerhetspolitik, nationalism och opinionsbildning i den svenska folkhögskolans mobilisering för utvecklingsfrågor 1950–1969
Authors: Wiklund Sofia Österborg
Published: October 2019

(Inter)nationalist Popular Education: Security Policy, Nationalism and Advocacy in the Swedish Folk High Schools’ Action on Development Issues 1950-1969Folk High Schools in Sweden have a long history of engaging internationally, especially as regards courses on development studies (u-landslinjer) that emerged in the late sixties. The purpose of this article is to track some of the discourses about internationalisation, development and aid that preceded those courses, as well as to scrutinise ideas of the role of the Folk High School (folkhögskola) in the emerging field of development aid. Analysing material from Tidskrift för svenska folkhögskolan (Journal of the Swedish Folk High School) between 1950 and 1969, the study shows that the discourse on internationalism takes its starting point from an already established nationalism and nordism. National security also arises as an argument for engaging in development issues. The analysis also shows that there is a shift in the role of the Folk High School in the evolving development work; from “helping” to “advocating.” The results raise questions about how we can understand today’s Folk High School courses on global development against the background of the debates of the fifties and sixties.
”I kjærlighedens tjeneste”: Straffens legitimitet i oppdragelse og undervisning
Authors: Skundberg Øystein , Thuen Harald
Published: October 2019

“In the Service of Love:” The legitimacy of punishment in child rearing and educationThe article attempts to show that the Norwegian attitude towards punishment as a method of child rearing and education changed character during the last half of the nineteenth century. Legal sanctions regulating and prohibiting the use of physical punishment of children was introduced, primarily in schools but much later also in the family. The article suggests that this was the result of an ideological and political development towards valorising the integrity and humanity of children, but that it was controversial to impose restrictions on parents. It also outlines four models or perspectives on the nature of children and childhood that is discernible in handbooks and manuals for parents and educators, and how these models conveyed a particular understanding of the reasoning for and the consequences of punishing children as a part of rearing practices. This influenced both parents’ values and public and political debate.
Gradual Changes to Discipline: A Case Study of Punishment Records and Corporal Punishment in Three Schools in Finland After the 1872 School Order Act
Authors: Puranen Karoliina , Roitto Matti
Published: October 2019

Punishment and violence in the history of education have been covered in numerous scholarly works, but most of them have relied heavily on what might be considered normative sources such as regulations, legislation, other studies in the history of education, various instructions, manuals, and guidebooks. The history of education in Finland, as elsewhere, would have us believe that punishment practices in general changed drastically, and that corporal punishment in particular had been dropped by the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as proscribed in secondary schools by the School Order Act of 1872. We argue, however, that this was not always the case, especially when certain empirical sources that have often been overlooked—such as school punishment records—are taken into account. We use these sources to explore whether punishments in general, and corporal in particular, continued to be administered all the same after 1872. Our hypothesis is that the “cultural shift” regarding this issue was more gradual and complex than previously assumed. The administering of punishments, corporal or otherwise, clearly continued after the legislation had changed, regardless of whether contemporary educationalists were recommending other means of managing pupil behaviour. For instance, it remained culturally acceptable, at least for secondary schools, to “chastise” pupils (to send them home for corporal punishment). Our findings add to the existing knowledge on punishment practices and provide valid grounds for re-evaluating research on the matter.
From Ingenium to Virtus: The Cultivation of Talent in Seventeenth Century Dissertations from Uppsala University
Authors: Hellerstedt Andreas
Published: October 2019

This article explores the problem of innate, natural talent vs acquired skill, knowledge, and virtue in dissertations from Uppsala University around 1680. These texts have never before been studied. It discusses questions such as: how did Swedish academics of the period conceive the relationship between ingenium (innate potential) and (acquired) virtue or knowledge? Which teaching methods did they advocate? How do the texts relate to developments in seventeenth century society? The study uses a combination of contextual analysis and a ‘history of concepts’ approach to answer these questions. The analysis reveals that the Swedish dissertations respond to contemporary debates (involving well-known authorities such as Vives, Huarte, Erasmus, and Comenius) and that they were affected by the immediate context: the growth of the early modern state and the social mobility which accompanied that growth. Education is described in Renaissance humanist terms, with a clear affinity to moral philosophical concepts such as virtue and habituation. The learning process described is analogous to the acquisition of moral virtue and education itself is to a large extent legitimated with reference to moral socialization. The educational ideas put forward balance discipline and playfulness, and represent a relatively democratic view of the distribution of human capabilities, showing a great trust in the potential of education. However, there is also a distinct stress on medical explanations of differences in individual talent.
Uso de citologia por impressão nas doenças ocufares externas no homem, bovino e eqüino
Authors: Rocha Noeme Sousa , Burini Caio Henrique Paganini , Lima Luciana Sousa de Albuquerque , Gonçalves Roberto Calderon , Thomassian Armen , Kamegasawa Amélia
Published: October 2019

A técnica convencional de citologia por impressão, substituindo-se a espátula por acetato de celulose, foi usada para diagnosticar lesões da superfície ocular externa do homem (10 homens/10 mulheres), bovino e eqüino (10 machos/IO fêmeas, respectivamente). Para tal, o acetato de celulose foi fragmentado em fitas, pressionado por 2 a 3 segundos, na superfície ocular externa de cada paciente. Posteriormente, o material foi corado pelo método de Giemsa e pelo de Shorr. Assim, diagnosticaram- se processos inflamatórios e neoplásicos. O método mostrou-se útil no auxílio das lesões oftalmológicas do homem e dos animais.
Ocorrência e níveis de Bacillus cereus no leite em pó integral comercializado na Capital do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil - 1987/1988
Authors: De Barros Vera Regina Monteiro , Panetta José César , Miguel Omar
Published: October 2019

O leite em pó, ainda que considerado um alimento com baixos níveis de contaminação, pode conter esporos bacterianos como o do Bacillus cereus. Se após sua reconstituição, o leite for mantido armazenado em condições inadequadas de temperatura, os esporos, quando presentes, podem germinar e multiplicar-se podendo causar toxiinfeccão alimentar nos consumidores. Com a finalidade de isolar e quantificar os microrganismos da espécie B. cereus no leite em pó integral, estudou-se 72 amostras do produto, reconstituído em sua forma líquida, provenientes do comércio da Capital de São Paulo, nos anos de 1987 e 1988. Estudou-se também o comportamento de 36 dessas amostras em relação a contagem de B. cereus, quando a amostra reconstituída era mantida em armazenamento inadequado, em temperatura de 20°C por 24 horas. Das 72 amostras estudadas, 2 apresentaram resultados acima dos padrões do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil ( 1987 ).91,67% das amostras armazenadas em temperatura inadequada (20 °C / 24 horas) apresentaram níveis de contaminação acima dos permitidos pela legislação. Os resultados obtidos das análises permitem-nos afirmar que 97,22% do leite em pó integral analisado, apresentava-se em condições adequadas para o consumo. Entretanto, pode-se concluir que quando o leite foi armazenado em condições inadequadas, 91 ,67% das amostras foram consideradas potencialmente capazes de provocarem intoxicação alimentar, devido aos níveis elevados B. cereus.
Associação homem-animal: reflexos na economia
Authors: De Souza Luiz Carlos , Pinheiro Júnior Osni Álamo , Mendonça André de Oliveira , Ballaris Amanda de Lourdes
Published: October 2019

Os animais domésticos representam, na atualidade, uma viga de sustentação econômica, uma vez que, apesar da crise financeira e das altas taxas de desemprego que o País enfrenta, o ramo de "pet shop" encontra-se em franca expansão. Desta forma, há um estímulo direto e indireto para obtenção de animais de estimação, fortalecendo a relação homem-animal. Nesse sentido foi realizado um trabalho de investigação epidemiológica no Município de Bauru-SP, a fim de verificar o impacto desses animais na economia doméstica e na do município. Para tanto, utilizaram-se fichas de investigação, entrevistas pessoais e pesquisas em clínicas veterinárias, com uma amostragem de 115 proprietários de animais, dos quais 91 de cães e 24 de gatos. Considerando-se custos com alimentação, abrigo, remédios, vacinas e visita ao veterinário, em condições ideais de manutenção dos animais, obteve-se um custo estimado de R$401,00 e R$316,00 para cães no primeiro e segundo ano de vida, respectivamente, e de R$272,00 e R$232,00 para gatos no primeiro e segundo ano de vida, respectivamente. Deve haver um esforço maior das autoridades e das instituições de ensino para esclarecer à comunidade a respeito do impacto econômico que um animal de estimação pode causar no orçamento familiar e também sobre a importância desses animais enquanto transmissores de importantes doenças para a saúde pública, a fim de popularizar o conceito de posse responsável de animais.
Fluidoterapia em grandes animais. Parte I: água e corpórea, indicações e tipos de fluidos
Authors: Dearo Antônio Cézar de Oliveira
Published: October 2019

As alterações do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico apresentam-se comumente associadas a diversas patologias envolvendo animais de grande porte. Com o objetivo de se promover a correção dessas alterações, é importante a elaboração de um plano de reposição hidroeletrolítica que, baseado nas informações da anamnese, do exame clínico e dos testes laboratoriais, deve incluir não só a escolha da solução mais adequada como também sua quantidade, via de administração e velocidade de reposição. Neste artigo são abordados aspectos referentes à fisiologia da água corpórea e eletrólitos, indicações da fluidoterapia e principais fluidos utilizados em Medicina Veterinária.
Osteopatia hipertrófica em um eqüino: relato de caso
Authors: Reichmann Peter , Barreiros Thales Ricardo Rigo , Dos Reis Antônio Carlos Faria , De Oliveira Milton Luiz Ribeiro
Published: October 2019

São apresentados os aspectos clínicos, radiográficos e anatomopatológicos de um caso de osteopatia hipertrófica em um eqüino que, em um tempo de evolução relativamente curto, apresentou intensas alterações ósseas, amplamente distribuídas, envolvendo os ossos dos membros anteriores, desde a segunda falange até a escápula, os dos membros posteriores até a pelve e, na cabeça, os ossos frontais, os ossos temporais tanto na porção cefálica como nos processos zigomáticos e nos ramos horizontais das mandíbulas.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESUKARAN DAN DAYA PEMBEDA SOAL OLIMPIADE MATEMATIKA (OMI) TINGKAT SMP TAHUN 2018
Authors: Dewi Sukma Sacita , Hariastuti Rachmaniah Mirza , Utami Arfiati Ulfa
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif-kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan analisis tingkat kesukaran dan daya pembeda pada soal OMI(Olimpiade Matematika Integral) tingkat SMP khususnya pada soal pilihan ganda.Analisis soal dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah soal yang dibuat sudah tergolong layak dan baik, serta memberikan hasil terbaik dalam mengukur kemampuan siswa.Penentuan subyek dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi dan wawancara.Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan hasilnya dijabarkan secara deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan tingkat kesukaran soal dari 20 soal OMI tingkat SMP terdapat 11  kategori sukar, 8 kategori sedang, 1 kategori mudah. Sedangkan berdasarkan daya pembeda maka soal tersebut termasuk 10  kategori sangat baik, 5 kategori cukup baik, 2 kategori sedang, 3 kategori buruk. Berdasarkan analisis data yang diperole dapat disimpulkan bahwa soal pilihan ganda pada OMI tingkat SMP masih membutuhkan perbaikan.Hal ini dilakukan karena masih ada daya pembeda yang masuk kategori buruk dan sedang, itu artinya daya pembeda pada soal tersebut memerlukan perbaikan, bahkan ada beberapa yang harus dibuang dan digantikan dengan pilihan jawaban yang baru.
Pemodelan Dan Pengembangan Sistem Pendeteksian Penyakit Infeksi Tropis Berbasis Ontologi
Authors: Mutawalli Lalu
Published: October 2019

Infection disease have been national or international problem. The prevalence rate of meaning is high for death. Infection disease difficulties to controlling. The occurrence of inequality ratio medical professionals is one of the things that became lack of control of infection disease. Information technology is needed to support the achievement of control, it became the base for building a modeling system that can detect the presence of infection disease, especially infectious disease with tropical infection categories. Ontology as a concept in building a system with using jaccard similarity method for calculation of the case. The result a system accuracy in this study, typhoid fever disease as much as 88%, dengue fever as much as 96% and malaria disease as much as 77%. System can be able to use by paramedic as reference the beginning for anamneses also patients can be able to use as an early warning to determine the condition health.
تشالرز ساندرز بيرس فيلسوف الأثر
Authors: محجوب محمّد حسين
Published: October 2019

يروم هذا البحث؛ دراسة نشأة الفلسفة البراجماتية، من خلال دراسة جهود مؤسسها " تشالرز ساندرز بيرس فيلسوف الأثر
Charles Sanders Peirce 1839-1914 Philosopher Impact وسوف يتم ذلك: عن طريق تحليل الرؤية التي طرحها ، والخلفية العلمية ، والفلسفية التي كانت مرشداً له، وكذلك مقدرته المنطقية حيث كانت عاملاً مهماً في بناء هذه الفلسفة، وجاء هذا التحليل مرتكزاً على النقاط التالية: مقدمة حددت المجال الذي تقع فيه هذه الفلسفة، خلفية المؤسس العلمية والفلسفية، الفلسفة البراجماتية وأسسها الجوهرية، الإشارة إلى العديد من مقولات بيرس، الإشارة إلى بعض سمات هذه الفلسفة ، كما تضمن البحث العديد من نقاط النقد كما احتوى هذا البحث على مقدمة وخاتمة، إضافة إلى قائمة المراجع العلمية.
مفهوم الزمان في الفكر الإسلامي
Authors: زوراب عمر فرج
Published: October 2019

إن مفهوم الزمان في الفكر العربي القديم يشوبه الكثير من الغموض والاضطراب، وربما نجم هذا الأمر من تعدد المصطلحات الدالة على الزمان وتفرعها، أو من كثرة الآراء التي تعرضت للفكرة في إنكار أو إثبات أو توقف.
ولذا يتوجب علينا قبل أن ندخل في تفاصيل هذه التيارات، القيام بمحاولة رصد كافية لمصطلحات الزمان وتوضيح معانيها ومقاصدها التي ذهب إليها القدماء، حتى نكون على بينة من أمرنا، وعلى ثقة واطمئنان من الأرضية التي نسير عليها سيّما وأن مفكرينا القدماء كانوا في تعريفاتهم على قدر كبير من الدقة العلمية.
ولقد قامت معاجم اللغة العربية، وكذلك الموسوعات المتخصصة أو العامة مثل (التعريفات) للجرجاني، و(كشاف اصطلاحات الفنون) للنهانوي، و(الكليات) لأبي البقاء، مادة علمية قيّمة في تحديد المصطلحات العربية عامة، والزمانية منها بشكل خاص، ورسمت تعريفاً لها، لأن اللغة هي في النهاية عمل عقلي.
أما الموسوعات فهي تقدم لنا شرحاً دقيقاً لمصطلحات الزمان وأبعادها الفلسفية الدالة عليها، وسوف نبدأ برصد المصطلحات الزمانية في اللغة على أن نتتبعه بعد ذلك في الموسوعات لتحديده فلسفياً .
ومن هنا وجب علينا أن نحاول تقديم شيء ولو بسيط يوضح مفهوم الزمان في الفكر العربي الإسلامي بتوضيح دلالته الفلسفية وذلك بعد أن شابه الكثير من الغموض أو ربما حتى الإنكار لبعض المصطلحات في هذه المفاهيم، واعتمد فلاسفة الإسلام في ذلك اعتماداً رئيسياً على مصدرين أساسين هما القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة في البحث عن مفهوم الزمان ودلالته الفلسفية والإسلامية والتي تطرقنا لذكرها من خلال هذا البحث الذي نسأل الله أن يعطي إضافة جديدة في مجال الفلسفة الإسلامية .
مشكلات الحدود السياسية في القارة الأفريقية
Authors: عاشور مسعود النجار عاشور مسعود النجار
Published: October 2019

يعرض هذا البحث جانباً من الدراسات المتعلقة بالحدود والمشاكل المترتبة عليها لإحدى قارات العالم التي تعرضت للاستعمار الأوروبي إبان القرن التاسع عشر وأوائل القرن العشرين؛ حيث أصبحت أراضي القارة مقسمة كمناطق نفوذ بين البلدان الاستعمارية دونما اعتبار للامتدادات الجغرافية للقبائل الأفريقية التي يمارس الكثير منها حرفة الرعي، وينتقلون بحيواناتهم عبر أراضي القارة دونما قيود، وأثناء التقسيم أصبحت هذه القبائل تعاني من ضياع أراضيها بين البلدان مما أدى إلى عرقلة حركتها الطبيعية، ومن ناحية أخرى فقد ظهرت الكثير من الدول الحبيسة التي لا سواحل بحرية لها؛ الأمر الذي انعكس سلباً على نموها الاقتصادي وتقدمها، كما أدى تقسيم الحدود وفق مصالح البلدان المستعمرة إلى العديد من المشاكل والصراعات التي مازال بعضها مستمراً حتى الوقت الحاضر، وقد عرضت بالبحث نماذج من المشكلات المتعلقة بالحدود بين البلدان الأفريقية، والتي تطور البعض منها إلى صراعات مسلحة في بعض الأحيان وسبب إثارة العداوة بين الشعوب الأفريقية وقد كان أكثر من ثلث أطوال هذه الحدود عبارة عن خطوط هندسية مستقيمة متمشية مع خطوط الطول والعرض دونما مراعاة لمصلحة الأفارقة.
مدى ممارسة الأستاذ الجامعي لمهارات التواصل التربوي من وجهة نظر طلبة كلية الآداب بمدينة مصراتة
Authors: الشوكي أحمد محمد , كريم ربيعة أحمد
Published: October 2019

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على مهارات التواصل التربوي الممارسة من قبل الأستاذ الجامعي من وجهة نظر الطلبة بكلية الآداب،والتعرف على نسب ممارسة الأساتذة لمهارات التواصل التربوي في أقسام كلية الآداب، وتحددت مشكلة البحث في الأسئلة الآتية:
- مامهارات التواصل التربوي الممارسة من قبل الأستاذ الجامعي من وجهة نظر الطلبة بكلية الآداب ؟.
- هل يوجد اختلاف في نسب ممارسة الأساتذة لمهارات التواصل التربوي في جميع أقسام كلية الآداب؟.
ولتحقيق هدف البحث استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي لملاءمته لطبيعة البحث، وتكون مجتمع البحث من جميع طلبة كلية الآداب بمدينة مصراتة البالغ عددهم (2447) طالبًاوطالبةً، وتكونت عينة البحث من (65) طالبًا وطالبة، وقام الباحثان ببناء استبانة بلغ عدد فقراتها (68) فقرة، موزعة على (9) مجالات، وتم التحقق من صدقها بعرضها على مجموعة من المحكمين من ذوي الخبرة والاختصاص، وقد استخدم الباحثان الوسائل الإحصائية التالية:الوزن المئوي، والوسط المرجح، النسب المئوية، وتوصل البحث إلى النتائج التالية:
من أجل التوصل إلى معرفة مدى ممارسة الأستاذ الجامعي لمهارات التواصل التربوي، تم تفريغ كل استبانة من الاستبانات وفق بدائلها، وترتيبها حسب أوساطها المرجحة، وأوزانها المئوية، اتضح أن عدد المهارات التي يمارسها الأستاذ الجامعي بلغت ( 57) فقرة، وهذه النتائج تشير بأن مهارات التواصل التربوي موجودة وممارسة من أغلب الأساتذة، أما المهارات التي تمارس بدرجة قليلة بلغ عددها (11) فقرة، كما توصل البحث إلى وجود اختلاف في نسب ممارسة الأساتذة لمهارات التواصل التربوي، وكانت النسب تتراوح ما بين ( 87% -56%) وهذه النسبة جيدة.
واقع نشاط الإعلام السياحي لمكاتب السفر والسياحة في مدينة مصراتة: دارسة ميدانية
Authors: السريتي معز علي , محمد الطاهر الكسكاس محمد الطاهر الكسكاس
Published: October 2019

هدفت هده الدارسة إلى الكشف عن واقع نشاط الإعلام السياحي لدى مكاتب السفر والسياحة في مدينة مصراتة, ويتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع مكاتب السفر والسياحة داخل مدينة مصراتة وعددها (15)، وجاءت عينة الدارسة من معظم مكاتب السفر والسياحة في مدينة مصراتة ونوع العينة العشوائية البسيطة بلغ عددها (10) من مكاتب السفر والسياحة داخل المدينة مصراتة بنسبة 75%من أجمالي مجتمع الدارسة في الفصل الخريف 2016/2017 وقد اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي, واستخدما استبانة معدة لذلك.
أهم ما جاء في نتائج الدارسة :
1. تبين أن أوجه النشاط التي تقوم بها مكاتب السفر والسياحة ملصقات ولوحات إعلانية في الشوارع.
2. هناك عدة مشاكل تعوق مكاتب السفر والسياحة؛ منها التكلفة المالية وعدم وجود متخصصين في المجال الإعلامي.
3. الجمهور المستهدف من مكاتب السفر والسياحة الاثنان معاً ( خاص أو عام).
4. تبين أن الطرق والخطط التي تقوم بها مكاتب السفر والسياحة لجدوى وفعالية الأنشطة الإعلانية هي برامج الإذاعة المسموعة والمعارض التي تقوم عليها الأنشطة السياحية.
5. مصادر المعلومات التي تعتمد عليها مكاتب السفر والسياحة من خلال الاستطلاع ونشرات الشركات السياحية.