bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Authorship Background And Language Aspects On Javanesse Drama Scripts By Cross-Generation Authors’ Work
Authors: Fuadhiyah Ucik , Insani Hanifah Nur , Anggraheni Dini
Published: July 2023

The process of reviewing the manuscript in detail and depth will result in a correct understanding and in accordance with the interpretation between the author, cultivator, and actor. The aim of this research article is to describe the form of linguistic aspects contained in Javanese drama scripts by authors across generations and to describe aspects of the authorship background contained in Javanese drama manuscripts by authors across generations. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion on six Javanese drama scripts (Lelakon, Tuk, Dom, Tengara, Sumilir Angin Nang Brug Belis, and Mak Ana Asu Mlebu Ngomah) the works of these cross-generational authors who have the same or similar intrinsic elements even though each manuscript has its own characteristics and uniqueness.
The Utilize of Tembang Macapat by Ki Ageng Selo As an Islamic Da’wah Media in Javanese Society of Selo Village, Grobogan, Indonesia
Authors: Zuhri Moh Sayful , Saddhono Kundharu , Sumarwati Sumarwati
Published: July 2023

The teaching of religion in each belief has its own characteristic. Various kinds of media and methods are used to invite someone to follow these religious thought. Islam is one of the largest following faiths in the world. The spread of Islam in Indonesia that is by way of marriage, trade and even with art. One of those arts is by using a traditional song, namely the tembang macapat. The people of Selo village, Grobogan at first had Hindhu-Buddhist beliefs and dynamism. The use of tembang macapat as an Islamic da’wah media attract the attention of the Javanese society in that village. The tembang
macapat was made by Ki Ageng Selo. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with ethnographic approach. The data were collected through the document analysis of tembang macapat and in-depth interviews with related sources. The results of this study revealed that there is a connection in the utilize of Ki Ageng Selo's tembang macapat as an Islamic da’wah media at that time. The song contains the Quran and hadiths in Islam. This study will be a message on the relationship between tembang macapat and culture in the community, especially in selo village, Grobogan.
KEJAWEN CLOTHES COMPLETED WITH KROMO JAVANESE ABLE PRESERVING THE CULTURE OF COURAGE IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Sumiyati Sumiyati , Andayani Andayani , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi
Published: July 2023

Kejawen clothing is part of the Central Javanese traditional clothing which consists of beskap and kebaya. Beskap is the clothes worn by men and kebaya is the traditional clothes worn by women. The various materials, patterns, and motifs used to make kejawen clothes are able to elevate the wearer's self-image. Kejawen clothing provides a new nuance in education circles in Central Java province which is worn every Thursday starting in 2015. Kejawen is worn by all teachers in schools equipped with Kromo Javanese both to fellow school residents and students during lessons. The Javanese language is currently a language that must be preserved considering that in the technological era, all use millennial languages. The Javanese Kromo language is an innovation carried out by the government in order to preserve eastern culture which prioritizes language politeness traditions. Javanese Kromo language is able to create a realm of communication that provides classification, conditions, socio-cultural background, and individual roles in life. The school environment is an important vehicle for providing real learning from role models regarding polite dress code and polite language procedures for students as the next generation of the nation. This research method uses qualitative, the validation uses theoretical triangulation, the analytical technique used is a qualitative descriptive study with an ethnographic approach. The results show that wearing traditional Kejawen clothing shows pride as a generation in preserving culture. Meanwhile, the use of Kromo Javanese can provide self-confidence, set an example for the next generation in the school environment, be able to adapt and uphold Kromo Javanese as an effort to realize the tradition of language politeness which is fading nowadays.

Keywords: Javanese clothing, Kromo Javanese, politeness culture
Java Leaders: Raden Adipati Cakranagara I In The Babad Bagelen Social Psychology Study
Authors: Utomo Fahri Setyo , Widodo Sahid Teguh
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Javanese script is an ancient manuscript of ancestral cultural heritage in the form of handwriting which stores various expressions of thoughts, feelings, and results of past cultures. The contents of the diary text of the Babad Bagelen manuscript tell about the leading figure of the first Purwareja regent who was formerly known as the Bagelen area, namely Raden Adipati Cakranagara 1. The colonial era was full of pressure and policies that harmed the natives. This leadership attitude is in the manuscript of Babad Bagelen with the study of Social Psychology by David G. Myers. The presentation of the results of this study was carried out by analyzing the leadership attitude of Raden Adipati Cakranagara 1 which includes (1) Caring for others, (2) Reminding others, (3) Serving others, (4) Giving gifts, (5) Distributing good invitation quotes. The above data written in the Babad Bagelen manuscript shows the leadership attitude of Raden Adipati Cakranagara when he became Regent in Purwareja (Bagelen). The attitude studied through the Social Psychology approach is very suitable for revealing the problems written

Keywords: Babad Bagelen, Raden Adipati Cakranagara 1, Social Psychology, David G. Myers
Literacy-based tex books to improve the character and language competence of elementary students
Authors: Setiawan Dwi Agus Setiawan , Kumala Farida Nur , Tamella Tamella
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to produce and determine the feasibility, practicality, and legibility of reading literacy-based textbooks using the type of research and development of the 4D model. The research instruments were arranged based on the level of research needs, namely material expert validation, product validation, and linguist validation. The results of the product feasibility assessment by validation experts obtained 95.8% media validation, 95% material validation, and 91.96% language validation. The product readability rating obtained 89.83%, supported by 90.75% language literacy story questions and 89% character-based language story test results. The findings of this study indicate that reading literacy-based textbooks can attract students' attention and are interactive, the presentation of the content supported by pictures and various color compositions can attract reading interest and stimulate critical thinking skills. So as to help students have the literacy skills needed at this time.
A systematic review on the fourth industrial revolution: African basic schools' readiness
Authors: Awodiji Omotayo Adewale , Katjiteo Ancia
Published: July 2023

This systematic review's primary goal is to determine how prepared African basic schools are for implementing 4IR tools and how well-versed in 4IR the teachers in African basic schools are. A systematic review approach was adopted. Data base such as Johannesburg e-library, ProQuest, and Google scholar was used to search for relevant study used.  It was determined that the findings were valid and rigourous through the use of PRISMA. Out 106,859 resource generated, the review included 18 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study highlights the necessity for African basic schools to enhance their preparedness for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). Funding is crucial to provide the necessary 4IR infrastructures, suggesting the allocation of resources by the African government for procurement and deployment of 4IR tools. Additionally, implementing a program to train teachers and school leaders in 4IR technologies is recommended to enhance their capabilities.
Technology Focus: Acidizing (June 2023)
Authors: Abbasy Imran
Published: July 2023

The first acid job dates to 1895. Challenges remain, however, when it comes to lithology, coverage, penetration, and management of reaction products. These themes remain a focus for stimulation engineers.

In paper SPE 204879, for example, a novel in-situ foam-generation system is introduced that provides effective diversion and leaves no residue. Field applications suggest significantly better performance compared with other diversion systems. In paper SPE 203985, the authors present a 3D acid-fracturing model to calculate fracture geometry induced through multistage alternating injection of pad and acid fluids. Alternating acid with high-viscosity polymer pad promotes nonuniform acid etching and viscous fingering, which leads to longer and narrower channels. Concurrently, investigators are studying methods to achieve effective near-wellbore and far-field bridging using a combination of solids and fiber-laden acid. For those wishing to delve deeper into this subject, paper SPE 206255 makes interesting reading.

Completions can play a role in improving acid treatments. Limited entry, as presented in paper SPE 211394, and the so-called “segmented and selective” completions are at the forefront. Paper IPTC 23003 introduces the concept of sweet spots, which are then completed selectively with packers and sliding sleeves. Paper SPE 213406 describes a relatively complex architecture for a trilateral TAML Level 2 well with openhole packers and ball-activated sleeves. Thus, it can be said that most enabling technology is out there.

Lastly, engineers have begun to leverage benefits that big data and artificial intelligence potentially offer. Predicting an outcome of an acid job remains hit-and-miss at best—a gap engineers must bridge. In paper SPE 208172, the authors present a predictive model to estimate the efficiency of acid-fracturing treatments in naturally fractured reservoirs using an artificial neural network. They report a predictability error of less than 10%. This may be what we are looking for.

I hope you find the selections enlightening.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 207514 Subsea Multiwell High-Flow-Rate Riserless Acid Stimulation Campaign With Two-Vessel Approach: A Comparative Case Study by Irma Kusumawati, ConocoPhillips, et al.

SPE 205599 A New Method of Carbonate Matrix Stimulation Modeling and Optimization Using Field Experimental Data for Acid Efficiency Calibration and Case Studies in Kazakhstan by Ruslan Kalabayev, SLB, et al.

SPE 209673 Reducing Carbon Footprint of Matrix Acidizing in Carbonate Formations: How Much Acid Do We Really Need To Pump? by Mahmoud T. Ali, Baker Hughes
Effect of Grain Size Distribution on Pore Size Distribution Characteristics in a Conglomerate Reservoir from an Alluvial Fan Via Artificial Rock Approach
Authors: Gao Wenbin , Li Yiqiang , Kong Debin , Luan Huoxin , Chen Xin , Qi Huan , Tang Xiang
Published: July 2023

Conglomerate is characterized by a multiscale grain stacking structure and various pore size distribution modes (PSDMs), significantly affecting multiphase fluid movement and transport in porous media. The multimodal structure and complicated PSDM are related to grain size distribution. However, the relationship between grain size distribution and pore structure characteristics remains unclear, which makes it hard to investigate using natural rocks affected by a single factor. Herein, a newly developed full-pore-scale artificial rock approach was used in this work to provide the ideal samples for experimental research. A bimodal distribution model was adopted to characterize the grain size distribution features quantitatively. Furthermore, the relationship between lithofacies, permeability, and PSDM was analyzed. The results demonstrate that grain size distribution includes coarse grain distribution (CGD) and fine grain distribution (FGD). As the average value of FGD increases, the permeability of conglomerate and sandstone have different decreasing trends. The increases in the grain size difference between CGD and FGD can decrease the most frequent and average pore radius, while the PSDM of conglomerate transforms from a steep peak shape to a hill shape. Furthermore, PSDM relates to permeability and lithofacies in an alluvial fan environment. The maximum permeability of sandstone with PSDM of hill shape is about 40 md while that of conglomerate is about 70 md. The grain and pore size distribution of artificial rocks is highly similar to that of natural rocks compared with natural rocks within the alluvial fan of Karamay conglomerate reservoirs. The findings are significant for robust determination in reservoir evaluation and development.
Monitoring and Characterization of Gas Migration in Oil-Based Mud Using Fiber-Optic DAS and DTS
Authors: Adeyemi Temitayo , Sharma Jyotsna , Tabjula Jagadeeshwar
Published: July 2023

Understanding gas dynamics in mud is essential for planning well control operations, improving the reliability of riser gas handling procedures, and optimizing drilling techniques, such as the pressurized mud cap drilling (PMCD) method. However, gas rise behavior in mud is not fully understood due to the inability to create an experimental setup that approximates gas migration at full-scale annular conditions. As a result, there is a discrepancy between the gas migration velocities observed in the field as compared to analytical estimates. This study bridges this gap by using distributed fiber-optic sensors (DFOS) for in-situ monitoring and analysis of gas dynamics in mud at the well scale.

DFOS offers a paradigm shift for monitoring applications by providing real-time measurements along the entire length of the installed fiber at high spatial and temporal resolution. Thus, it can enable in-situ monitoring of the dynamic events in the entire wellbore, which may not be fully captured using discrete gauges. This study is the first well-scale investigation of gas migration dynamics in oil-based mud with solids, using optical fiber-based distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS).

Four multiphase flow experiments conducted in a 5,163-ft-deep wellbore with oil-based mud and nitrogen at different gas injection rates and bottomhole pressure conditions are analyzed. The presence of solids in the mud increased the background noise in the acquired DFOS measurements, thereby necessitating the development and deployment of novel time- and frequency-domain signal processing techniques to clearly visualize the gas signature and minimize the background noise. Gas rise velocities estimated independently using DAS and DTS showed good agreement with the gas velocity estimated using downhole pressure gauges.
Experimental investigation of the influence of different nozzle exit geometries on the depositing of strands in fused layer modeling
Authors: Krampe Michael , Kuhlenkötter Bernd
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of different exit geometries of the nozzle in the FLM process. In order to determine the effects of nozzle exit shapes, an experimental investigation was carried out. Individual strands were deposited with different nozzle exit shapes, whose shape was sub-sequently determined by laser scanning and microscopic images of the strand cross-sections. In addition, the orientation in relation to the deposition direction and five different layer heights were investigated. Circular, triangular, square, and hexagonal nozzle exit shapes with cross-sectional areas equivalent to a cir-cle of 1 mm, 0.8 mm and 0.6 mm diameter were prepared for these tests. Strands were printed with these different geometries and then scanned with a laser scanner and examined in cross-section with an optical microscope. After-wards, the strand shapes were compared with each other using the created pro-files and strand cross-sections. The results show that different geometries of the nozzle exit lead to different shapes of strand cross sections. It can be observed that the deviation from the cross section of the circular nozzle decreases with an increase in the number of corners of the nozzle geometry. Furthermore, the ex-tent of the deviation increases with increasing layer height. In addition to the outlet shape, a different orientation of the same nozzle leads to a deviating strand cross-section. Especially with the triangular nozzle exit geometry, this made a big difference in the shape of the deposited strand.
Evidence of Zelkova carpinifolia as a potential host of Tuber uncinatum from the Quaternary of Hyrcanian temperate forests
Authors: Azar Saeed Mirzavash , Riahi Hossein
Published: July 2023

Tuber uncinatum (Tuberaceae, Pezizales) is a commercially important ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal species associated with many deciduous EcM host species belonging to the Fagales lineage. Because of its host multiplicity among deciduous species, we hypothesized that it might associate with other plant lineages of Rosids as the most recent common ancestral of the ectomycorrhizae (MRCA-EcM) of Ulmaceae radiated preceding Fagaceae. The samples (host plant specimens, fungal ascomata, and soil) were from homogeneous Caucasian elm populations of the Hyrcanian temperate forests of Iran. Diagnosing the host plant was performed by using available botanical sources. The EcM symbiosis evidence and EcMF identity were illustrated by surveying gleba, spore shape, and EcM root anatomy using SEM, light, and stereo-microscopy, followed by molecular analysis. The micrographs obtained from root examination demonstrated the Hartig net penetration among cortical and epidermal cells and the presence of mantle as the EcM sheath. This study supports the EcM symbiosis of T. uncinatum with Zelkova carpinifolia from the Quaternary period in the Hyrcanian temperate forests.
Determinants of Pneumonia among under – five Children attending Public Hospitals in Shashemene City, Oromia, Ethiopia: A case – control Study
Authors: Tilahun Gezahegn , Tsegaye Ashenafi , Belayneh Fanuel , washo Assefa , Dejene Sisay
Published: July 2023

Back ground: In developing countries like Ethiopia, pneumonia is the leading cause of illness and death among children under five years old. Despite this, efforts to identify determinants of pneumonia in the study area are limited. This study aimed to identify determinants of pneumonia among under-five children in Shashemene, Oromia, Southern Ethiopia, 2021
Methods: An institution-based case-control study of 367 subjects was conducted from June 4 to June 25, 2021, in two hospitals in Shashemene city. The cases were children with pneumonia. Controls were children under the age of five years without pneumonia. After the total sample size was proportionally distributed among the hospitals, a consecutive sampling technique was used to select cases and controls. Epi-data version 3.1 was used to enter data and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for selected variables. Variables with P < 0.25 and P < 0.05 with 95% CI in the multivariable logistic model were considered significant.
Result: Children less than 12 months of age (AOR 3,59 [1.99-6.49]), children with low birth weight (AOR 3,59 [1.99-6.49]) , history of upper respiratory tract infection within 2 weeks before study (3,76 [2.25-6.27]), inappropriate hand washing (AOR 2.32, 95% CI [1.35-3.98]), preparing food in the main house (AOR 3.37, 95%CI(1.86-6.09), household using wood/charcoal as fuel (AOR 1.89, 95% CI(1.06_3.36) were more likely to develop pneumonia and less among likely among children exclusively breastfeed in the first 6 months (AOR=0.43, 95%CI0.22-0.84) as compared to their counterparts.
Conclusion: This study found that age less than 12 months, underweight for age, upper respiratory tract infection in past two weeks, exclusive breastfeeding, lack of separate kitchen, use of wood/charcoal for food preparation, and maternal handwashing practice were determinants of pneumonia. Thus, focus on children under 1 year of age, improve early control of upper respiratory infections, and improve nutrition for young children. Furthermore, improving compliance with proper handwashing with soap among mothers/caregivers should be emphasized, and proper use of fuel for domestic purposes and separating cooking food could have a significant impact on reducing pneumonia.
Optimization of servo accuracy of Y axis of dicing saw based on iterative learning control
Authors: Shi Jun , Zhang Peiyi , Hou Hechao , Cao Weifeng , Zhou Lintao
Published: July 2023

The dicing saw is a critical equipment in the semiconductor industry, where the servo performance of each axis affects the dicing accuracy. Due to the primary motion direction of the Y-axis, the servo accuracy required is particularly high. This paper proposes a Variable Forgetting Factor Fuzzy Iterative Learning Control (VFF-FILC) with a Tracking Differentiator (TD), which can optimize the motor position loop of the Y-axis in the Israeli ADT-8230 dual-axis grinding wheel dicing saw. By combining fuzzy control and iterative learning control (ILC), this strategy overcomes the limitations of traditional PID controllers. The VFF-FILC reduces overshoot and settling time while improves tracking performance by adaptively adjusting the learning rate of the ILC algorithm based on the system's tracking inaccuracy. TD improves parameter uncertainty, robustness and tracking accuracy. To verify the superiority of our proposed design, we compare it with three traditional controllers and conduct Anti-interference experiments. The results of the study show that the proposed method is more responsive, more robust and has less tracking error than traditional methods.
GenX uptake by wheat and flooded and non-flooded rice: greenhouse experiment.
Authors: Zbedy Amnah Al , Müller Viktoria , Kindness Andrew , Ebel Rainer , Norton Gareth J , Feldmann Jörg
Published: July 2023

GenX (hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid) belongs to the group of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) compounds introduced to replace perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which has been phased out in industrial and consumer product formulations. While GenX has been investigated in lab animals, there is limited information available regarding its uptake and translocation in wheat and rice. This study reports on a greenhouse experiment in which wheat and rice grown under flooded and non-flooded conditions were exposed to two GenX concentrations in the soil (0.4 mg kg− 1 and 2 mg kg− 1). GenX was analysed in the soil, porewater and shoots using targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Extractable organic fluorine (EOF) was determined using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry (HR GFMAS). Results showed that different species took up different amounts of GenX. The GenX in rice shoots was found to be 2.34 (± 0.45) µg g− 1 and 4.11 (± 0.87) µg g− 1 under flooded and non-flooded conditions, respectively, at a low exposure level. At high exposure, the GenX concentrations in flooded and non-flooded rice shoots increased threefold to 10.4 (± 0.41) and 13.4 (± 0.72) µg g− 1, respectively. Wheat shoots showed similar concentrations and increases between low- and high-level exposure. The translocation factor was significantly higher (P = 0.013) in non-flooded rice compared to flooded rice. The GenX bioaccumulation behaviours under the same culture conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, light, same GenX concentration in the soil) were significantly different in non-flooded and flooded rice (P < 0.001). Non-flooded rice plants displayed a higher level of GenX bioaccumulation than flooded ones. Following exposure to GenX, flooded rice plants showed a reduction in biomass (25%) compared to the control plants (P < 0.014). Our findings indicate that GenX is a bioaccumulative compound, the presence of which likely inhibits the growth of plants.
Dynamic Curvature of a Steel Catenary Riser on Elastic Seabed Considering Trench Shoulder Effects: an Analytical Model
Authors: Shoghi Rahim , Shiri Hodjat , Pesce Celso P.
Published: July 2023

Prediction of the fatigue life of steel catenary risers (SCR) in the touchdown zone is a challenging engineering design aspect of these popular elements. It is publically accepted that the gradual trench formation underneath the SCR due to cyclic oscillations may affect the fatigue life of the riser. However, due to the complex nature of the several mechanisms involving three different domains of the riser, seabed soil, and seawater, there is still no strong agreement on the beneficial or detrimental effects of the trench on the riser fatigue. Seabed soil stiffness and trench geometry play crucial roles in the accumulation of fatigue damage in the touchdown zone. There are several studies about the effect of seabed soil stiffness on fatigue. However, recent studies have proven the significance of trench geometry and identified the touchdown point oscillation amplitude as a key factor. In this study, a boundary layer solution was adapted to obtain the dynamic curvature oscillation of the riser in the touchdown zone (TDZ) on different areas of seabed trenches with a range of seabed stiffness. The proposed analytical model was validated against advanced finite element analysis using a commercial software. A range of seabed stiffness was examined and the corresponding fatigue responses were compared. It was observed that in the elastic seabed, the effect of soil stiffness is attributed to the curvature oscillation amplitude and to the minimum local dynamic curvature that SCR can take in the touchdown zone. The proposed analytical model was found to be a simple and reliable tool for riser configuration studies with trench effects, particularly at the early stages of riser engineering design practice.
Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen shows that loss of GET4 increases mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites and is neuroprotective.
Authors: Wilson Emma L. , Yu Yizhou , Leal Nuno Joao Santos , Patikas Nikolaos , Field Sarah F. , Plumbly William , Morris Jordan L. , Paupe Vincent , Adia Yusuf M. , Chowdhury Suvagata R. , Antrobus Robin , Lindop Georgina E. , Loh Samantha H. Y. , Prudent Julien , Martins L. Miguel , Metzakopian Emmanouil
Published: July 2023

Organelles form membrane contact sites between each other, allowing for the transfer of molecules and signals. Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) are cellular subdomains characterized by close apposition of mitochondria and ER membranes. They have been implicated in many diseases, including neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiac diseases. Although MERCS have been extensively studied, much remains to be explored. To uncover novel regulators of MERCS, we conducted a genome-wide, flow cytometry-based screen using an engineered MERCS reporter cell line. We found 410 genes whose downregulation promotes MERCS and 230 genes whose downregulation decreases MERCS. From these, 29 genes were selected from each population for arrayed screening and 25 were validated from the high population and 13 from the low population. GET4 and BAG6 were highlighted as the top 2 genes that upon suppression increased MERCS from both the pooled and arrayed screens, and these were subjected to further investigation. Multiple microscopy analyses confirmed that loss of GET4 or BAG6 increased MERCS. GET4 and BAG6 were also observed to interact with the known MERCS proteins, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) and glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75). In addition, we found that loss of GET4 increased mitochondrial calcium uptake upon ER-Ca2+ release and mitochondrial respiration. Finally, we show that loss of GET4 rescues motor ability, improves lifespan and prevents neurodegeneration a Drosophila model of Alzheimer's disease (Aβ42Arc). Together, these results suggest that GET4 is involved in decreasing MERCS and that its loss is neuroprotective.
A Cross Sectional Entomological Observation in Cutaneous leishmaniasis Endemic Highland Areas of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Zigta Eyob , Yohannes Mekonnen , Tadesse Desalegn , Awala Abrham
Published: July 2023

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an important public health problem in the highlands of Ethiopia. In the northern Ethiopian region of Tigray, CL is widely prevalent but little is known regarding the sand fly fauna in the region. A short entomological survey was conducted to identify the species composition and habitats of sand flies in three highland CL foci of Ganta-Afeshum (Mugulat and Golea-Genahti) and Saesie-Tsaedemba (Kumasubuha) districts of Tigray in northern Ethiopia.
Method
Sand fly collections were carried out indoor and outdoor habitats in March/April 2018 using sticky papers and CDC light traps. The collected specimens were preserved in absolute and 70% alcohol, cleared, mounted in Berlese’s fluid and identified morphologically. Densities of sand flies between habitats were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and habitat preference using Mann–Whitney-U test while their inter-habitat diversity was measured using Shannon-Weiner species diversity index.
Result
A total of 706 specimens belonging to ten species of two genera were identified: Phlebotomus longipes (27.6%), P. arabicus (10.6%) P. sergenti (4.7%) P. gibiensis (1.4%), Sergentomyia bedfordi (30.3%), S. clydei (12.3%), S. multidens (7.6%), S. africana (4.4%) S. wansoni (0.8%) and S. schwetzi (0.1%). P. longipes was represented in all the three study sites and four outdoor habitats, including animal sheds in compounds of residents but predominantly collected from caves and crevices (72.6%). Similarly, P. arabicus and P. sergenti were encountered only in caves and crevices in kumasubuha. Overall, higher sand fly densities (12.13/ m2) and maximum species richness (S = 9) and diversity (H = 1.76) were observed in caves and crevices.
Conclusion
The study area was found to be rich in sand fly fauna including three Phlebotomus species known to be vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in several countries of the old world. However, the role of P. arabicus and P. sergenti in cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in Tigray requires further investigation. A longitudinal monthly collection would be recommended to get further insight into seasonal distribution and the diversity of the sand fly fauna in the region.
Improved EPANET Hydraulic Model with Optimized Roughness Coefficient using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Chia-Cheng Shiu , Chung Chih-Chung , Chiang Tzuping
Published: July 2023

Calibrating hydraulic models for water distribution systems (WDS) is crucial during model-building, particularly in determining the roughness coefficients of pipes. However, using a single roughness coefficient based solely on pipe material can lead to significant variations in frictional head losses. To address this issue and enhance computational efficiency, this study utilized genetic algorithm (GA) for optimizing roughness coefficients with the Environmental Protection Agency Network Evaluation Tool (EPANET) hydraulic model. EPANET-GA further considers the spatial characteristics of pipes. The study incorporated an automated calibration process and a user graphic interface to analyze the water head pressures of WDS nodes for the Zhonghe and Yonghe districts. The model was optimized with 34,783 node items, 30,940 pipes, and 140 field measurements. Results reveal that the optimized roughness coefficient produces a high correlation coefficient (0.90) with the measured data in a time slot. Besides, a low standard error (8.93%) was achieved for 24-hour predictions. Furthermore, in the Shelin–Beitou district, the consideration of spatial characteristics was incorporated as constraints during the calibration process. The improved outcomes indicate that the EPANET-GA is a reliable reference for WDS design and routing scenarios in practice.
Production of Iron Enrisched Saccharomyces boulardaii: Impact of Process Variables
Authors: Tafazzoli Kiyana , Ghavami Mehrdad , Khosravi-Darani Kianoush
Published: July 2023

About half of the 1.62 billion cases of anemia are because of poor diet and iron deficiency. Currently, the use of iron-enriched yeasts can be used as the most effective and possible way to prevent and treat anemia due to the ability of biotransformation of mineral compounds into the organic form. In this research, for the first time, Saccharomyces boulardii was used for iron enrichment with the aim that the probiotic properties of yeast provide a potential iron supplement besides improving the bioavailability of iron. So, the effect of three process variables, including concentration of iron, molasses and KH2PO4 on the growth and biotransformation of yeast was investigated by the Box- Behnken design. In optimum condition biotransformation and biomass production reached to 155.95 mg/L and 7.08 g/L, respectively, under the conditions of the highest levels of KH2PO4 and molasses and 10.54 mg/L FeSO4. Enriched Saccharomyces boulardii can be recommended as a medicinal supplement or incorporated to bread to prevent and treat anemia.
Complete Surgical Myocardial Revascularization in Patients with Declined Renal Functions: 12-month Outcomes
Authors: Kaya Ibrahim C. , Bulut Halil I. , Lopes Leilani , Ozbayburtlu Merih , Kocaoglu Alper S.
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
This retrospective comparative study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of complete revascularization coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with multi-vessel disease (MVD)-CAD and declined renal functions, addressing the knowledge gap regarding optimal treatment strategies and outcomes in this specific patient population.
Methods:
Between 2020 and 2022, a total of 58 patients underwent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery for complete myocardial revascularization in this study. To assess overall survival, Kaplan-Meier with the log-rank test was conducted for statistical analysis
Results:
The mean age of cohort was 60.7. The findings showed a high prevalence of medical conditions such as hypertension (50.0%), diabetes (50.0%), and anaemia (41.4%) among the participants. Intraoperatively, low cardiac output syndrome was reported in 5.2% of cases, while perioperative outcomes indicated a need for transfusions in 53.5% of cases and an in-hospital mortality rate of 3.4%. At the 12-month follow-up, no redo revascularization or renal replacement therapy was required, but cardiac mortality was 5.2% and all-cause mortality was 6.9%.
Conclusions:
The study concluded that complete revascularization is safe for these patients and highlights the potential benefits, emphasizing the need for further research in optimizing revascularization techniques for this population.
Incidence and risk factors of hypothyroidism after treatment for early breast cancer: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Digkas Evangelos , Smith Daniel , Wennstig Anna-Karin , Matikas Alexios , Tegnelius Eva , Valachis Antonios
Published: July 2023

Purpose An increased incidence of hypothyroidism among breast cancer survivors has been observed in earlier studies. The impact of the postoperative treatment modalities and their potential interplay on hypothyroidism development needs to be studied.Methods We conducted a population- and registry- based study using the Breast Cancer Data Base Sweden (BCBaSe) including females diagnosed with breast cancer between 2006 and 2012. In total, 21,268 female patients diagnosed with early breast cancer between 2006 and 2012, with no previous prescription of thyroid hormones and no malignant diagnosis during the last ten years before breast cancer diagnosis, were included in the final analysis.Results During the follow-up (median follow-up time 7.9 years), 1,212 patients (5.7%) developed hypothyroidism at a median time of 3.45 years from the index date. No association of the systemic oncological treatment in terms of either chemotherapy or endocrine therapy and hypothyroidism development could be identified. A higher risk (HR 1.68;95% CI:1.42–1.99) of hypothyroidism identified among patients treated with radiation treatment of the regional lymph nodes whereas no increased risk in patients treated only with radiation therapy to the breast/chest-wall was found (HR:1.01; 95% CI:0.86–1.19). The risk of hypothyroidism in the cohort treated with radiotherapy of the regional lymph nodes was present irrespective of the use of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment.Conclusions Based on the results of our study, the implementation of hypothyroidism surveillance among the breast cancer survivors treated with radiotherapy of the regional lymph nodes can be considered as reasonable in the follow-up program.
Fleet-wide assessment of alternative aviation fuels with a combined flight and LCA model
Authors: Klenner Jan , Lund Marianne , Muri Helene , Strømman Anders
Published: July 2023

Emissions from aviation contribute increasingly to air pollution and climate change.
Several alternative aviation fuels that may reduce life-cycle emissions have been proposed, but most comparative assessments of these disregard a variation of the mitigation potential with flight distance, highly relevant short-lived climate forcings, and changes to aircraft design.
To address these gaps, we integrate a geospatial fuel and emissions model into a life cycle assessment and assess the mitigation potential of alternative aviation fuels on 210,000 shorter-haul flights.
We find that in an optimistic case, liquid hydrogen and power-to-liquid fuels' mitigation potentials range from 44\% on shorter flights to 56\% on longer flights in the GWP100 metric.
The mitigation potential is limited because we include short-lived climate forcings with up-to-date impacts and assume a shorter mean flight distance.
These findings are important to researchers and decision-makers engaged in climate change mitigation in the aviation and transport sector.
Experimental and Numerical Study of formation mechanism of dual-phase (AlCoCrFeNi)X HEAs brazed joints by reactive Ni/Al nano-multilayers
Authors: Wu Baolei , Yu Weiyuan , Hu Zhen , Sun Xuemin , Zhu Wenqi
Published: July 2023

The FCC + BCC dual-phase solid solution structure was obtained in the Al0.1CoCrFeNi /304SS brazed joints using Ni/Al reactive multilayer nano-foils, which was proved by combining experiment with simulation. In this study, Finite Element Analysis was achieved to analyzing the diffusion behavior across brazing joints, which were subsequently interrelated with the formation mechanism of the brazed micro-structures during the brazing process. During brazing, the joint interface is tightly bonded and the atoms were diffused sufficiently to form the solid solution zone. The representative microstructure of the joint mainly comprised hard BCC (Al-Ni) + ductile FCC (Co-Fe-Cr) dual-phase. The successful use of nano-multilayer foils as a HEAs fillers design can broaden the application range of HEAs and provide a novelty procedure for brazing 304SS and Al0.1CoCrFeNi HEAs, and is developing a novel field in manufacture of HEAs-related joints.
Mechanistic model of radiotherapy-induced lung fibrosis using coupled 3D Agent-Based and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Durante Marco , Cogno Nicolò , Bauer Roman
Published: July 2023

Mechanistic modelling of normal tissue toxicities is unfolding as an alternative to the phenomenological Normal Tissue Complication Probability models currently used in the clinics that rely exclusively on limited patient data. Among the various approaches, Agent-Based Models (ABMs) are appealing as they provide the means to include patient-specific parameters and simulate long-term effects in complex systems. However, Monte Carlo (MC) tools remain the state-of-the-art for modelling radiation transport and provide measurements of the delivered dose with unmatched precision. In this work, we delineate the implementation of and characterize the first coupled 3D ABM-MC model that mechanistically simulates the onset of the radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) in an alveolar segment. Our model replicates extracellular matrix patterns, RILF severity indexes (RSI) and functional-subunits (FSU) survivals that show qualitative agreement with experimental studies and are consistent with our past results. Moreover, in accordance with experimental results, higher FSUs survival and lower RSI were achieved when a 5-fractions treatment was simulated. Finally, the model showed increased sensitivity to peaked protons dose distributions with respect to flatter ones from photons irradiation. Our work lays thus the groundwork for further investigating the effects of different radiotherapeutic treatments on the onset of RILF via mechanistic modelling.
'A distinct circular DNA profile intersects with proteome changes in the genotoxic stress-related hSOD1G93A model of ALS'
Authors: Gerovska Daniela , Noer Julie B , Qin Yating , Ain Quratul , Januzi Donjetë , Schwab Matthias , Witte Otto W , Araúzo-Bravo Marcos Jesus , Kretz Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Background
Numerous genes, including SOD1, mutated in familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (f/sALS) share a role in DNA damage and repair, emphasizing genome disintegration in ALS. One possible outcome of chromosomal instability and repair processes is extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) formation. Therefore, eccDNA might accumulate in f/sALS with yet unknown function.
Methods
We combined rolling circle amplification with linear DNA digestion to purify eccDNA from the cervical spinal cord of 9 co-isogenic symptomatic hSOD1G93A mutants and 10 controls, followed by deep short-read sequencing. We mapped the eccDNAs and performed differential analysis based on the split read signal of the eccDNAs, referred as DifCir, between the ALS and control specimens, to find differentially produced per gene circles (DPpGC) in the two groups. Compared were eccDNA abundances, length distributions and genic profiles. We further assessed proteome alterations in ALS by mass spectrometry, and matched the DPpGCs with differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in ALS. Additionally, we aligned the ALS-specific DPpGCs to ALS risk gene databases.
Results
We found a six-fold enrichment in the number of unique eccDNAs in the genotoxic ALS-model relative to controls. We uncovered a distinct genic circulome profile characterized by 225 up-DPpGCs, i.e., genes that produced more eccDNAs from distinct gene sequences in ALS than under control conditions. The inter-sample recurrence rate was at least 89% for the top 6 up-DPpGCs. ALS proteome analyses revealed 42 corresponding DEPs, of which 19 underlying genes were itemized for an ALS risk in GWAS databases. The up-DPpGCs and their DEP tandems mainly impart neuron-specific functions, and gene set enrichment analyses indicated an overrepresentation of the adenylate cyclase modulating g protein pathway.
Conclusions
We prove, for the first time, a significant enrichment of eccDNA in the ALS-affected spinal cord. Our triple circulome, proteome and genome approach provide indication for a potential importance of certain eccDNAs in ALS neurodegeneration and a yet unconsidered role as ALS biomarkers. The related functional pathways might open up new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Assessment of Constructed Wetland Projects as a Multifunction Landscape: a case study in Egypt
Authors: ElMeligy aya , Gaber Rasha Mahmoud , Mostafa Hind Mostafa Mohamed , Haron Ahmed ,   Walaa S.E. Ismaeel7
Published: July 2023

This research aims to develop a conceptual framework and assessment tool to assess sustainability of Multifunction Constructed Wetlands Projects (MCWP).first, by literature review to analyses the main points and identify the gaps in existing research to what concerns viewing constructed wetlands as multifunction sustainable landscape projects. To assess the performance of MCWP, urban sustainability indicators are proposed examining interconnections between environmental, economic and social aspects and their effects on each other. Indicators are selected according to their relevance to the United Nations and National Sustainable Development Goals, also performance-oriented assessment tools for MCWPs designed for wastewater treatment. The impacts of proposed indicators are then assessed using adapted Leopold Matrix method. Hence, this study aims to establish an assessment model to evaluate the sustainability features of MCWPs, by proposing a set of indicators that assess sustainability criteria related to MCWPs and proposing measurement metrics and respective weights for indicators and sub-indicators.
Mechanism of Anticancer Effect of Gambogic Acid on Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Joha Zıad , Öztürk Ayşegül , Yulak Fatih , Karataş Özhan , Ataseven Hilmi
Published: July 2023

Background
Gambogic acid has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of various cancer cell types, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and osteosarcoma. This study aims to investigate the antiproliferative activity of Gambogic acid on SNU-16 cells derived from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Material and Methods
The cytotoxic effect of gambogic acid was evaluated in SNU-16 cells by treating them with different concentrations of the compound, and the XTT cell viability assay was employed to assess cell viability. ELISA was used to measure bax, BCL-2, caspase 3, PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining was applied to assess 8-oxo-dG and LC3β levels in SNU-16 cells.
Results
It was observed that gambogic acid exerted a dose-dependent and statistically significant antiproliferative effect on SNU-16 cells. The IC50 value of gambogic acid in SNU-16 cells was found to be 655.1 nM for 24 hours. Subsequent investigations conducted using the IC50 dose revealed a significant upregulation of apoptotic proteins including cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and cleaved PARP (p < 0.001), along with a downregulation of BCL-2 (p < 0.001), an anti-apoptotic protein. Moreover, the administration of this drug led to an upregulation of 8-oxo-dG (p < 0.001), a widely acknowledged biomarker indicating oxidative damage in DNA, as well as an increase in LC3β levels (p < 0.05), a marker associated with autophagy.
Conclusion
The antiproliferative effect of gambogic acid against gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is attributed to its ability to induce apoptosis and autophagy. This discovery highlights the promising potential of gambogic acid as a treatment option for gastric signet ring cell carcinoma.