bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Síndrome Metabólica em pessoas vivendo com HIV no Brasil
Authors: Vieira Martins Brenda Hellen , Da Silva Junior Fabio José , Silva Toledo Brandão Yuri
Published: November 2024

A Síndrome Metabólica (SM) é caracterizada como um transtorno relacionado àdeposição central de gordura e à resistência insulínica, e possui definiçãobastante variável na literatura. Segundo o National Cholesterol EducationProgram Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), a Síndrome Metabólicarepresenta a combinação de pelo menos três componentes, dentre os seguintes:Circunferência abdominal > 102 cm em homens e > 88 cm em mulheres,triglicerídeos ≥ 150 mg/dL, HDL Colesterol <40 mg/dL em homens e <50 mg/dLem mulheres, pressão arterial ≥ 130 mmHg ou ≥ 85 mmHg e glicemia de jejum≥ 110 mg/dL. Em concomitância, a Organização Mundial da Saúde define a SMcomo a junção de fatores que podem ser alterados, como a resistência à insulina,pressão arterial elevada, triglicerídeos elevados, colesterol HDL baixo eobesidade central com IMC > 30. Sabe-se, portanto, que o Brasil tem mais de700.000 pessoas infectadas pelo HIV, e o número de pacientes em terapiaantirretroviral (TARV) no país dobrou nos últimos 10 anos. Atualmente, há maisde 300.000 pacientes que estão em uso de Terapia Antirretroviral AltamenteAtiva (HAART). Esse novo cenário proporcionou alterações metabólicas etoxicidades específicas atreladas ao uso dessa medicação. Essas alteraçõesmetabólicas, com frequência, se enquadram nos critérios para identificar apresença da síndrome metabólica em pessoas vivendo com HIV.
“Like, we can't keep adding”: a mixed methods study to explore the feasibility of implementing a co-produced 24-Hour Movement Guideline content
Authors: Morgan Tamara L , Nowlan Suart Theresa , Fortier Michelle S , Kelman McFadyen Isaac , Tomasone Jennifer
Published: November 2024

Background: Medical students must demonstrate competency in health promotion and illness prevention; however, movement behaviour promotion content is lacking in medical curricula. Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HMG) present an opportunity to transform medical curricula to promote movement behaviours within a 24-hour paradigm. We previously co-produced a 24HMG curriculum map and 14 curriculum objectives at one Canadian medical school. The aim of this study was to gain consensus on the curriculum map and objectives among faculty and medical students and explore implementation determinants.
Methods: This study followed a concurrent nested mixed methods design using a modified Delphi method to assess the level of (dis)agreement with map components followed by interviews to explore the implementability of the map. A preliminary survey was distributed to collect demographic and movement behaviour data, followed by three online modified Delphi surveys. Suggested improvements to the map were solicited through open-text boxes. Interviews were semi-structured and conducted online. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) 2.0.
Results: Consensus was reached on 156/180 items (86.7%) in Survey 1 (faculty, n = 6; students, n = 8), 49/51 items (96.1%) in Survey 2 (faculty, n = 4; students, n = 7), and 8/8 items (100%) in Survey 3 (faculty, n = 3; students, n = 7). Implementation determinants encompassed all five CFIR 2.0 domains, mostly the inner setting (e.g., culture, structural barriers).
Conclusions: Reciprocity and open communication between medical schools and external change agents should be prioritized when co-producing curriculum change in the present landscape of inflation and medical professional burnout.
Intercultural Communicative Competence and the Moroccan Sense of Belonging: A Comparative Study
Authors: Radouani Amina , Kharraki Abdennour
Published: November 2024

In any teaching context, two significant variables to examine are students’ intercultural communicative competence (ICC) and their sense of belonging (SOB). Despite the many research attempts that have tackled these two variables separately, they have rarely been combined in one single study, especially in the Moroccan context. Following this aim, the current study investigated the relationship between the two previous variables among the students of two master programs: Applied Language Studies (ALS) running at the Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences in Meknes, and Religious Diplomacy (RD) at the faculty of Chariaa in Fez. To collect data, two different tests were adopted: the first test assessed the participants’ intercultural communicative competence, while the second measured their Moroccan sense of belonging. To compare the two groups of respondents, the scores obtained from the two tests were analyzed using, in addition to a mean comparison t-test, Pearson’s test of correlation. The results revealed an average level of ICC and SOB, along with a significant correlation between the two key variables for both the ALS and RD cohorts.
RELATIONSHIP OF NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO WITH APPENDICITIS INCIDENCE Review of Appendicitis Patients at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Gresik Regency in 2022-2023
Authors: Rahman Akhmad Setyo , Harijanto Taufan , Marsetio Dono , Negara Agung Kusuma , Fadhilah Nur Lailatul
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the incidence of acute appendicitis in patients at Ibnu Sina Hospital, Gresik Regency, in the 2022-2023 period. Acute appendicitis is a frequent emergency surgical condition, especially in adolescents and young adults, with the risk of complications such as perforation and peritonitis. NLR, as an indicator of inflammatory response, is considered more practical and economical than CT scans and ultrasounds, which have limited cost, accessibility, and risk of radiation exposure. This study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional approach on 51 appendicitis patients who underwent appendectomy. NLR data was obtained through routine blood results, with statistical analysis using SPSS to test the normality and difference in NLR values between uncomplicated appendicitis and appendicitis with complications. There was a significant difference in the mean NLR value between patients with complementary and non-complementary appendicitis, with a p < value of 0.001. The results of the ROC Curve analysis show that NLR has a high prediction value in predicting complementary appendicitis of 97.5%. This study concludes that NLR can be an effective indicator in distinguishing cases of complementary and non-complementary appendicitis and the potential of NLR as an easy and efficient screening tool in the treatment of acute appendicitis, especially in health facilities with limited resources.
Achieving ISO 9001 Compliance in Agile Software Development Projects at Indonesian Research Institute
Authors: Hermawati Anisa , Raharjo Teguh , Wayan Trisnawaty Ni
Published: November 2024

In the modern era, e-government provides comprehensive online services. Currently, there is no standardized quality management regulation in development projects. Therefore, it is crucial for Indonesia, especially in one of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, to consider implementing ISO 9001:2015 in project development. By doing so, it can demonstrate its dedication to efficient project management and quality assurance to improve quality and customer satisfaction, as it can significantly enhance the reputation and credibility of the Institute in the eyes of the public. The main objective of this study was to examine the integration of ISO 9001:2015 standard with Agile methodology. This study evaluated the critical documentation required to fulfill ISO 9001:2015 in Agile-based projects. This research utilizes triangulation methods, which include interviews, observations, and field notes in qualitative research. Aligning Agile practices with the rigorous quality management standards of ISO 9001 is essential when incorporating ISO 9001:2015 principles into Agile project development. This research recommends standard operating procedures for implementing the documentation prerequisites of ISO 9001:2015 in advancing Agile projects in the public sector, particularly at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences, to realize the benefits of integrating Scrum and ISO 9001 in improving the quality of public services.
Factors Associated with Anemia during Pregnancy among Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic of a Regional Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Neupane Nirmala , Regmi Radhika
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Anemia during pregnancy is a global health problem of developing countries including Nepal. This study was conducted to identify the associated factors of anemia during pregnancy.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of a regional hospital Systematic random sampling was used select a total of 369 respondents. The data were collected by using structured interview schedule then collected data were entered in MS excel with validated command and data were analyzed with SPSS 16 version using descriptive as well as inferential statistics.
Results: The study result showed that 38.2% of respondents were having anemia during pregnancy and anemia was more common among younger age group respondents, (who were pregnant before the age of twenty years); among smoker group; who had pregnancy interval of less than two years; previous irregular, heavy and longer duration of bleeding (>5days) during menstruation.
Conclusion: More than one third pregnant women develop anemia during pregnancy. Anemia during pregnancy is more common among younger women, having pregnancy interval less than two years and irregular menstruation pattern. Health care providers should have to advise women to stay for at least 2 years before the next pregnancy to reduce the risk of adverse maternal and infant outcomes. Awareness creation in the community on the utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets is also needed.
Ocular Morbidities among Children in Nepal
Authors: Banstola Ratna Shila , Shrestha Romina , Aryal Kalpana Paudel
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Eye health is an important and integral part of overall health, well-being and quality of life, particularly for school children. This review study was aimed to understand the ocular morbidities and status of visual impairment in children and adolescents in Nepal.
Methods: An integrative literature review was done. This review included the studies conducted among Nepalese children on ocular morbidities, which were published in English language and full text available.
Results: Ocular morbidity was reported for different group of children including the children with special conditions, disadvantaged children as well as children in schools and communities in different parts of the country. Refractive error was the most prevalent condition noted in the review. Factors associated with ocular morbidities in Nepalese children were age, sex, type of school, area of residence, geographical location, environmental factors, and genetic and systemic illnesses. Many of the visual impairment and blindness are preventable.
Conclusion: This review highlighted the need for regular eye health program to identify and address causes of ocular morbidity and vision impairment in children.
Analysis of bubble parameters in a fluidized flotation column with steel ball particles
Authors: Shi Yingxiang , Wei Zhongkuan , Xu Huilin , Wu Fan , Gao Hang , Ping An
Published: November 2024

Examining the properties of bubble parameters within a three-phase system is crucial for enhancing and optimizing fluidized bed flotation column cells. This research focuses on the variations in primary bubble parameters within such columns, with the goal of offering a theoretical foundation for the advancement of fluidized bed flotation technology. The experiment utilized steel balls, tap water, and compressed air as the solid, liquid, and gas phases, respectively. Bubble parameters were measured directly using an electrical conductivity probe. Key factors influencing bubble size in the fluidized bed flotation column included the initial static bed height(H*), superficial liquid velocity (UL), superficial gas velocity (UG), and reagent concentration. The study assessed how bubble size and gas holdup are distributed in the fluidization zone and identified how bubble parameters vary with different operating conditions. Findings show that incorporating steel ball particles in the fluidization zone significantly improves bubble stability, reduces the variability of bubble size, and ensures a more consistent bubble distribution. Proper selection of filling particles and accurate bed height adjustment can notably enhance the local gas holdup within the bed. Additionally, it has been found that local gas holdup increases rapidly when the liquid-to-gas velocity ratio drops below a certain threshold.
Pengaruh Teknik Peta Konsep Dan Minat Membaca Karya Sastra Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Narasi
Authors: Awaludin Akbar Lalu , Muslihan
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran menggunakan teknik peta konsep dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional; (2) perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mempunyai minat membaca karya sastra tinggi dengan siswa yang mempunyai  minat   membaca karya sastra rendah; (3) pengaruh interaksi antara teknik peta konsep dengan minat  membaca karya  sastra terhadap   kemampuan menulis narasi; (4) Perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran melalui teknik  peta konsep dengan   siswa yang mengikuti  pembelajaran konvensional pada siswa yang memiliki minat membaca karya sastra tinggi; (5) Perbedaan  kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran melalui teknik peta konsep dengan siswa yang mengikuti  pembelajaran   konvensional pada siswa yang memiliki minat membaca karya sastra rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen post test only control group design, yang dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas V di SDN gugus 2 Kecamatan Sukamulia Analis data menggunakan analisis varians dua jalur dan uji tukey (Q). Simpulan penelitian adalah : (1) ada perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan teknik peta konsep dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. (2) ada perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mempunyai minat membaca karya sastra tinggi dengan siswa yang mempunyai minat membaca karya sastra rendah.  (3) ada pengaruh interaksi antara teknik peta konsep dengan minat membaca karya sastra terhadap kemampuan menulis narasi.  (4) pada siswa yang memiliki minat membaca karya sastra tinggi ada perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan teknik peta konsep dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional.(5) pada siswa yang memiliki minat membaca karya sastra rendah ada perbedaan kemampuan menulis narasi  antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan teknik peta konsep dengan siswa yang mengikuti  pembelajaran konvensional
Hubungan Kemampuan Komunikasi Guru Dengan Minat Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SDN Gugus 2 Kecamatan Sape
Authors: Haryanto Yeti kusmira , Saputra Heri Hadi , Oktaviyanti Itsna
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kemampuan komunikasi guru dengan minat belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus 2 Kecamatan Sape. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis metode korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus 2 Kecamatan Sape. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu seluruh populasi yang berjumlah 80 siswa. Instrumen penelitian ini berupa kusioner tipe skala likert. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah product moment. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi guru memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan minat belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus 2 Kecamatan Sape. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji korelasi (product moment) dengan nilai signifikansinya 0,000, yang artinya nilai sig < 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima Ho ditolak. Selain itu kemampuan komunikasi guru memiliki hubungan yang kuat dengan minat belajar siswa ditunjukkan dengan kekuatan hubungan sebesar 0,699. Kemudian kemampuan komunikasi guru memiliki hubungan yang positif dengan minat belajar siswa. Artinya semakin baik komunikasi guru semakin baik pula minat belajar siswa.
Pengembangan Media Pop Up Book Pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Alfira Safitri  , Wahyuning Subayani Nataria
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Pop Up Book Sistem Pernapasan Manusia untuk kelas V Sekolah Dasar serta untuk mengetahui kevalidan, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan media Pop Up Book Sistem Pernapasan Manusia untuk siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini model ADDIE Analyze, Design, Devalopment, Implementation, Evaluation. Hasil penelitian ini berupa media Pop Up Book pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia kelas V Sekolah Dasar yang valid, efektif dan praktis. Pada penelitian ini dihasilkan nilai kevalidan didapat dari kedua hasil validasi materi dan media. Skor yang diperoleh secara berturut yaitu 95%, 90% dengan kategori sangat valid. Setelah layak untuk diuji cobakan, maka peneliti melakukan uji lapangan di kelas V Sekolah Dasar dengan hasilpresentase 92% dengan kategori sangat efektif. Hasil agket respon siswa memperoleh skor presentase 94% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Kesimpulan peneliti ini adalah medi Pop Up Book layak untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dikelas V Sekolah Dasar khususnya pada materi system pernapasan manusia.
Design and Experimental Analysis of a High-Power Generator for Gas Metal Arc Welding in Spray Transfer Mode
Authors: Hakki Adnan Muhammed Ali , Ardjoun Sid Ahmed El Mehdi
Published: November 2024

This article presents the design and experimental analysis of a high-power generator dedicated to the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process in spray transfer mode. The proposed system uses an H-bridge inverter based on insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT), controlled by an LM5046 integrated circuit to ensure pulse width modulation (PWM) control at a switching frequency of 30 kHz. The generator operates at three key power points with output currents of 150A, 200A, and 250A, and respective pulse widths of 10μs, 13μs, and 17μs. ER70S-7 electrodes of different diameters (0.035", 0.045", 0.065") were used for each current level. The welding system is optimized to maintain stable spray transfer, minimizing spatter and improving the quality of the weld bead. A current-limiting network consisting of a 10μH inductance and a variable 10Ω resistor ensures output current regulation. This work focuses on the experimental study of the generator's behavior in spray transfer mode, demonstrating its effectiveness for industrial applications in welding thick materials.
Examining failures in rubber-cord couplings within ER2 series electric trains
Authors: Gavrilovs Pavels , Gorbacovs Dmitrijs , Eiduks Janis , Strautmanis Guntis , Arshad Ali
Published: November 2024

The article provides statistics on failures of rubber-cord couplings of electric trains of the ER2 and ER2T series and of the diesel trains over the past 7 years. According to statistics, over the past 7 years, 107 rubber-cord couplings have failed. Of these, the largest number of cases of failure of rubber-cord couplings occurred on rolling stock of the ER2 series. Examining failed rubber-cord couplings, it was revealed that the cause of its failure was a rupture of the side surface. Replacing a rubber-cord coupling is a labour-intensive and costly process. Accordingly, the question arises: what causes the problem and what measures should be proposed to reduce the failures. For these purposes, the work presents a number of experiments in order to identify possible causes of failure of the rubber-cord coupling. The article presents studies of the heating temperature of rubber-cord couplings in operation on motor cars, as well as a number of studies of failed rubber-cord couplings removed from motor cars. During the research, such parameters as the date of the last repair and the date of failure of the rubber-cord coupling were taken into account. The number of days the motor car was in general operation was taken into account until the failure of the rubber-cord coupling, as well as the mileage of the motor car after the repair. Measurements were carried out of the geometric parameters of the rubber-cord coupling: outer and inner diameter, thickness of the side of the rubber-cord coupling. The torque of the rubber-cord coupling acting at speeds from 5 to 40 km/h, the forces acting in operation on the rubber-cord coupling were calculated, and torsional and shear stresses were also studied and determined. Research was carried out to determine the hardness of the rubber-cord coupling in the temperature range from –20 °C to 0 °C and from 0 °C to +22 °C, as well as from +22 °C to +60 °C. These parameters were taken since a rubber-cord coupling operates under the mentioned conditions. In conclusion, possible reasons for the failure of rubber-cord couplings are given, and recommendations for reduction of their frequency are proposed.
Anti-colon cancer activity of amino acid ester betulinates: Apoptosis induction and IL1B gene expression in PBMCs by the lead compound
Authors: Miteva Lyuba , Grigorova Antonia , Dimitrova Neli , Grigorov Boncho , Georgieva Ani , Ossowicz-Rupniewska Paula , Klebeko Joanna , Guncheva Maya
Published: November 2024

Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid with significant pharmaceutical potential. We found that converting BA into amino acid ethyl ester salts alters its cytotoxic effect on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). Among these salts, the estimated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at 72 h varies by up to fifteenfold. The proline ethyl ester [ProOEt] salt, the most active compound, exhibited an IC50 value of 3.8 µM, which is 4.8 times lower than that of the parent BA. We observed that exposure to BA or [ProOEt][BA] induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells. Additionally, the proline-based salt led to a higher level of IL1B gene expression in PBMCs at a lower stimulation concentration.
$ KC $-bitopological spaces
Authors: Qoqazeh Hamza , Atoom Ali , Alholi Maryam , ALmuhur Eman , Hussein Eman , Owledat Anas , Al-Nana Abeer
Published: November 2024

A topological space $ \left(X, \tau \right) $ is called a $ KC $-space when every compact subset of $ X $ is closed. The aim of this paper is to introduce new, namely $ KC $-bitopological spaces and pairwise $ KC $-topological spaces "$ P $-$ KC $-topological spaces". We examined the properties of these concepts and showed the relationships between these concepts and other bitopological spaces. We also discussed the effect of some types of functions on $ KC $-bitopological spaces and pairwise $ KC $-topological spaces. Several examples are discussed, and many well-known theories are generalized.
Domesticity and Masculinity in the Queer Spaces of D.H. Lawrence’s The Fox
Authors: Jones Jo
Published: November 2024

Although seemingly presenting a narrative of queer failure and heteronormative success, The Fox is rife with ambivalence, as is characteristic of Lawrence’s œuvre, and should not be read as evidence of homophobia. Far from presenting a happily ever after in its conversion of an independent queer woman into a tractable wife, the married couple’s future is troubled by the lack of a home: the denouement highlights how a shared space of their own remains intangibly on the horizon, pessimistically unknown and untested.In examining the novella and the 1967 film adaptation, this article argues for a queer reading of both pairings on the farm – a same-sex butch/femme relationship between Banford and March within the farmhouse, and a queer masc-for-masc relationship between Henry and March in its farmyard and outbuildings – facilitated by Lawrence’s refusal to see manhood as an exclusively male attribute.
Nancy Pearn, D.H. Lawrence’s “queen of the magazines and newspapers” in his Home Country
Authors: Long Jonathan
Published: November 2024

In April 1921, Albert Curtis Brown, who was to develop a substantial international literary agency, took over as Lawrence’s literary agent in England. His best-known employee was Laurence Pollinger, who by April 1927 had taken over much of the “book side” of Lawrence’s work. However, although royalties from Lawrence’s novels were overall the greater part of his increasing income, particularly after Thomas Seltzer and his wife Adele expanded his sales in the USA, income from periodicals was also important for a writer such as Lawrence who wrote so much short fiction. The payments received were significant relative to the length of what was published, so income was easier to come by. With assistance from Curtis Brown’s Magazine Department manager, Nancy Pearn, who worked with Lawrence from 1924 on developing in his home country of England, his income from periodicals became substantial too.This essay will examine the history of Lawrence’s developing income from periodicals in England (not just from the shorter fiction published in it, but also from his shorter non-fiction, in particular the results of his later interest in journalism, sometimes specifically tailored to readers in his homeland), the extent of Nancy Pearn’s role in that, and her relationship with Lawrence. Not infrequently, Lawrence had difficulties with his publishers and literary agents, but his relationship with her was an unusually good one, one of mutual respect, which as this first detailed study will show is reflected in their correspondence. For example, he recommended her to Catherine Carswell, describing her as a “quite golden” “magazine girl” (5L 459). Almost uniquely for someone in her position, he also inscribed a copy of one of his books to her, the Secker first English edition of Sea and Sardinia (1921).
Beyond ethnicity: understanding the interplay between migration, commercial centralities and urban diversity
Authors: Chabrol Marie , Dubucs Hadrien , Endelstein Lucine
Published: November 2024

The paper contributes to the discussion on how human geography and the social sciences more broadly have approached the nexus between international migration, trade and urban retail. The aim is to better understand the results and limitations of promoting dialogue between very different and complementary approaches - in terms of spatial scale, methodology or conceptual framework - to a complex and multidimensional issue. More specifically, the article focuses on how French-speaking research has participated in a major conceptual shift that took place between the 1980s and 2010s. It draws on a multidisciplinary literature review to show how ethnicity-based analyses of migrant entrepreneurship have been incorporated, debated and enriched by new conceptual frameworks such as urban diversity, transnational circulation or identity negotiation.
Perte de confiance dans le franc CFA et propositions de réforme : Une lecture Institutionnaliste
Authors: Diop Samba
Published: November 2024

Cet article propose une analyse institutionnaliste du fait monétaire dans la zone CFA de l’Afrique de l'Ouest. À cette fin, il mobilise le cadre conceptuel des trois formes de confiance dans la monnaie (méthodique, hiérarchique, et éthique) élaboré par le courant de l’institutionnalisme monétaire. Il présente les réformes annoncées du franc CFA vers l’ECO-UMOA ou vers l’ECO-CEDEAO comme des initiatives visant, pour l’une, à remédier à la perte de confiance dans le franc CFA que met au jour une analyse historique et, pour l’autre, à approfondir l’intégration économique régionale encore très faible. La grille d’analyse institutionnaliste adoptée dans le texte invite à la prudence quant à la capacité de ces réformes à atteindre les objectifs qui leur sont assignés.
Seasonal variation of glycated haemoglobin and estimated average glucose in temperate South Africa
Authors: Ximbi Sinazo , Chale-Matsau Bettina , Rampul Ashlin , Pillay Tahir
Published: November 2024

Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is a useful biomarker for the monitoring and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. In the northern hemisphere, there is evidence of seasonal fluctuations in HbA1c with values being higher in cooler months and lower in warmer months. In the southern hemisphere, there is one description from Australia. It is not known if this would also pertain in other temperate climates. We explored the relationship between seasons, HbA1c and estimated average glucose in South Africa.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis. HbA1c data were obtained from January 2016 to December 2020 from two different provinces with different climates. The mean HbA1c values and mean monthly temperatures were compared for each year.Results: We show seasonal variation for HbA1c and estimated average glucose (eAG) in both provinces (p  0.01). The population was further subdivided and evaluated based on gender and age. Glycated haemoglobin was higher in cooler months and lower in the warmer months for all the data and for both the categories (age and gender; p  0.01).Conclusion: South Africa shows demonstrable seasonal variation in glycated haemoglobin that needs to taken into account when managing diabetes mellitus.Contribution: Awareness of this seasonal effect may assist in more efficient use of HbA1c to monitor and diagnose diabetes mellitus and will assist in modifying therapeutic targets for achieving good glycaemic control.
Acknowledgement to reviewers
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2024

N/A
Helping other customers to avoid harmful brands: The role of idealism, attitude and cynicism
Authors: Van Tonder Estelle , Petzer Daniel J. , Fullerton Sam
Published: November 2024

Background: Consumers are not always aware of how their purchase decisions may harm other humans and the environment. Green customer helping behaviours could aid in solving this problem.Aim: The study aims to develop a research model, advancing knowledge of the extent to which idealism (an ethical philosophy) may influence green attitudes and promote green customer helping behaviours that could aid other customers in avoiding harmful brands. The study further aims to gain clarity regarding the moderating role of customer helper cynicism within the proposed model.Setting: A self-administered questionnaire was fielded amongst consumers in South Africa and the United States of America (US).Method: Mplus 8.5 and PROCESS macro in RStudio were used to analyse and compare the survey data obtained from the two samples.Results: All direct relationships assessed were positive and significant for South Africa and the US samples. Varying results were uncovered between the two samples concerning the moderating role of customer helper cynicism.Conclusion: The identified model confirms the important role of idealism in influencing green customer helping behaviours, as mediated by green attitudes and moderated by customer helper cynicism.Contribution: Novel insight is provided into the contribution of ethical philosophy in promoting green customer helping behaviours. Additionally, direction is provided for the deployment of strategies that could promote green customer helping behaviours in diverse green contexts and across continents and that effectively may aid other customers in avoiding brands harmful to society.
Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with disproportionate short stature
Authors: Rahman Rehna K. , Pachat Divya , Kuruvilla Shalini
Published: November 2024

Monogenic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with multi-system manifestations is a rare disease and needs to be identified promptly to avoid unnecessary immunosuppression. The case discussed here is of a 4-year-old girl with dysmorphic features, short stature, and nephrotic syndrome. The dysmorphism and short stature were overlooked initially, but the girl underwent further evaluation as she had primary steroid-resistant course. She had significant short stature with a disproportionately short trunk, lumbar lordosis, and also had other dysmorphic features. She underwent renal biopsy, which was suggestive of diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Genetic analysis by next-generation sequencing showed homozygous pathogenic variation in exon 15 c.2291G>A (p Arg764Gln) in the SMARCAL1 gene, suggestive of Schimke’s immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD). Though she did not have any significant infections, her immunoglobulin (Ig) profile showed low IgG, highly elevated IgE, and low CD3 counts. Her immunosuppression was stopped, and she was initiated on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and other supportive measures. SIOD is a multi-system disease with poor prognosis and should be considered in any child with nephrotic syndrome, dysmorphic features, and short stature.
The Effectiveness of Steroids and Antioxidants in the Management of Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Literature and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alghamdi Muhnnad Abdulaziz , Albeladi Shahad Mohammed , Alharthy Renad Fayez , Alharbi Ghaida Essa , Aljahdali Danah MohammedSaleh , Alaqsam Yousef Ismail , Malas Moayyad , Alsubaie Haya
Published: November 2024

Background:

Cisplatin efficacy in cancer therapy is hindered by dose-dependent toxicities, including ototoxicity. Its mechanisms involve cochlear damage and oxidative stress. Gender and age affect susceptibility, with limited treatment options for adults.

Objective:

To assess the effectiveness of steroids compared to antioxidants (AOs) in preventing and managing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Materials and Methods:

Data were collected from multiple sources including Medline, CENTRAL, PubMed, and Springer Nature Journals. Adults and pediatrics with the clinical diagnosis of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, interventional studies (including single-arm studies) were included. Studies with a focus on chemotherapy agents other than cisplatin were excluded.

Results:

The study encompassed 10 randomized controlled trials spanning 2004–2023 across Canada, Israel, The Netherland, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Italy, and Iran. It aimed to evaluate interventions for preventing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, including intratympanic injections and oral dietary supplements. Based on the results of this systematic review, thiosulfate-hyaluronate gel showed a 1.3 dB reduction in hearing loss; dexamethasone injections had minimal efficacy; L-N-acetylcysteine (L-NAC) offered significant otoprotection with daily infusion; and transtympanic L-NAC showed no significant benefit. Salicylate usage yielded no decrease in hearing loss. AO dietary supplements showed no difference in results between groups. However, based on the network meta-analysis results, it appears that steroids perform best in reducing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity at higher frequencies (8000 Hz), followed by placebo and then AO.

Conclusion:

A further molecular and targeted therapy is needed to target the cyto/ototoxic activity and further prevent such deterioration in hearing and promote chemotherapy regime without ototoxic effects.
Severe Vestibular Dysfunction Following Unilateral Cochlear Implant: A Case Report and Management Approach
Authors: Al-Momani Murad , Aljohi Nada , Alruwaili Atheer M.
Published: November 2024

Cochlear implantation (CI) is a highly effective treatment for severe-to-profound hearing loss, but it can result in postoperative vestibular dysfunction, including vertigo and imbalance. This case report describes a 22-year-old female who developed severe vertigo and imbalance following right ear CI surgery. Audiological assessment confirmed normal hearing in the left ear and profound sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear. Vestibular tests revealed significant dysfunction, including left-beating spontaneous nystagmus, vestibular hypofunction, and abnormal saccular function in the implanted ear. This case underscores the prevalence of vestibular complications post-CI, reported in up to 75% of recipients. Comprehensive preoperative vestibular assessment is essential for identifying potential risks and guiding surgical decisions, such as choosing between unilateral and bilateral implantation. Early identification and management of vestibular issues can improve outcomes and quality of life for CI patients.
Stochastic optimal transport and Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations on the set of probability measures
Authors: Bertucci Charles
Published: November 2024

We introduce a stochastic version of the optimal transport problem. We provide an analysis by means of the study of the associated Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation, which is set on the set of probability measures. We introduce a new definition of viscosity solutions of this equation, which yields general comparison principles, in particular for cases involving terms modeling stochasticity in the optimal control problem. We are then able to establish results of existence and uniqueness of viscosity solutions of the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. These results rely on controllability results for stochastic optimal transport that we also establish.
What is the optimal dialysis method for diabetic patients with end stage kidney disease?
Authors: Kheber Nirmal Noor , Nashwan Abdulqadir J
Published: November 2024

Diabetes is one of the most catastrophic diseases ruling every corner of the world, and this has led to elevated incidents of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The standard treatment for ESKD is kidney transplantation/replacement, which is limited due to a deficiency of donors. Hence, dialysis has become the second-best option for treating patients with ESKD. Patients with ESKD with underlying diabetes have an additional risk of complications and infections over non-diabetic ESKD patients. Furthermore, these patients also experience variations in blood glucose levels and are more liable to develop malnutrition. This article elaborates on the different dialysis methods for ESKD patients. This editorial highlights the evidence-based studies that include randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, retrospective studies and case-control studies and suggests the most suitable type of dialysis under the following components.
Sarcopenia-associated factors and their bone mineral density levels in middle-aged and elderly male type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Chen De-Qing , Wu Yong-Xin , Zhang Ying-Xiao , Yang Hai-Ling , Huang Huan-Huan , Lv Jiang-Yan , Xiao Qian
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Chronic hyperglycemia can damage the microcirculation, which impairs the function of various organs and tissues and predisposes individuals to chronic complications. Sarcopenia (SP) is the age-related decline in muscle mass and function that contributes to the sequelae of type 2 diabetes. In particular, diabetic patients are at higher risk of SP because of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and decreased physical activity.

AIM

To identify SP-associated factors in middle-aged and elderly male type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and their correlation with bone mineral density (BMD).

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 196 middle-aged and elderly male T2DM inpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between June 2021 and June 2023, with 60 concurrent healthy individuals as the control group. Differences in general information, blood biochemistry, glycosylated hemoglobin, muscle strength, and detection rate of SP were compared between groups. The BMD, appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), and fat mass, as well as grip strength and gait speed, were determined for each patient, and the ASM index (ASMI) was counted. The quantitative data were subjected to correlation and logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors for SP.

RESULTS

Fifty-one of the 196 middle-aged and elderly male T2DM patients were diagnosed with SP, which accounted for 26.02%. The middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients with SP exhibited a longer diabetes mellitus (DM) course and a lower body mass index (BMI) and 25(OH)D3 compared with the non-SP patients. The T2DM + SP patients exhibited lower BMI, ASM, ASMI, left- and right-hand grip strength, gait speed, and muscle and fat mass of the upper and lower limbs compared with the diabetic non-SP patients. The femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine L1-4 BMD were markedly lower in T2DM + SP patients compared with those in the non-SP diabetics. Long-term DM course, low BMI, and low BMD of the femoral neck, lumbar spine L1-4, and total hip were identified as risk factors for the development of SP.

CONCLUSION

T2DM patients are at risk for SP; however, measures can be taken to prevent the related risk factors.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma mutation in familial partial lipodystrophy type three: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wu Chao-Jun , Liu Hao , Tu Li-Juan , Hu Jiong-Yu
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Familial partial lipodystrophy disease (FPLD) is a collection of rare genetic diseases featuring partial loss of adipose tissue. However, metabolic difficulties, such as severe insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension frequently occur alongside adipose tissue loss, making it susceptible to misdiagnosis and delaying effective treatment. Numerous genes are implicated in the occurrence of FPLD, and genetic testing has been for conditions linked to single gene mutation related to FPLD. Reviewing recent reports, treatment of the disease is limited to preventing and improving complications in patients.

CASE SUMMARY

In 2017, a 31-year-old woman with diabetes, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia was hospitalized. We identified a mutation in her peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG ) gene, Y151C (p.Tyr151Cys), which results in a nucleotide substitution residue 452 in the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of PPARG . The unaffected family member did not carry this mutation. Pioglitazone, a PPARG agonist, improved the patient’s responsiveness to hypoglycemic and antihypertensive therapy. After one year of treatment in our hospital, the fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the patient were close to normal.

CONCLUSION

We report a rare PPARG mutation, Y151C, which is located in the DBD of PPARG and leads to FPLD, and the preferred agent is PPARG agonists. We then summarized clinical phenotypic characteristics of FPLD3 caused by PPARG gene mutations, and clarified the relationship between different mutations of PPARG gene and the clinical manifestations of this type of FPLD. Additionally, current treatments for FPLD caused by PPARG mutations are reviewed.
Intersection of the glymphatic system and diabetes: Navigating a new frontier
Authors: Rao Asad Gul , Nashwan Abdulqadir J
Published: November 2024

Diabetes is one of the most devastating medical dilemmas impacting every region of the world severely. The study by Tian et al investigates glymphatic system dysfunction in the context of glucose metabolism and diabetes, using diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space. The study evaluated individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), prediabetes, and normal glucose metabolism. It found that prediabetic and T2DM groups had significantly impaired glymphatic function. Glymphatic dysfunction may serve as an early indicator of cognitive deterioration in diabetes due to the correlations shown between these abnormalities and clinical factors as well as cognitive performance. The study has some positives, such as thorough evaluations and novel imaging methods, but its cross-sectional design and limited sample size restrict its applicability. More extensive, long-term research is required to verify these results. Furthermore, there are significant clinical implications. Patients with diabetes may benefit from immediate therapies to prevent microvascular and macrovascular damage if glymphatic dysfunction is identified early. The study promotes comprehensive diabetes care with a focus on maintaining cognitive function. In conclusion, the work of Tian et al is crucial because it opens the door to better treatment and diagnostic strategies for diabetes-related cognitive deterioration.
Role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia
Authors: Dodamani Manjunath Havalappa , Hatwal Juniali , Batta Akash
Published: November 2024

Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) experience multiple episodes of hypoglycemia, resulting in dysfunctional counter-regulatory responses with time. The recent experimental study by Jin et al explored the role of intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia. They identified intestinal GLP-1 along with GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) as the new key players linked with impaired counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic mice. They also demonstrated that excessive expression of GLP-1 and GLP-1R was associated with attenuated sympathoadrenal responses and decreased glucagon secretion. The study has enormous clinical relevance as defective counter regulation and hypoglycemia unawareness negatively impacts the intensive glycemic management approach in this group of patients. However, the physiological processes must be validated in dedicated human studies to comprehensively understand the pathophysiology of this complex relationship, and to clarify the true extent of impaired hypoglycemia counter regulation by intestinal GLP-1. For now, following the results of the index study and other similar studies, GLP-1 analogues usage in T1DM must be carefully monitored, as there is an inherent risk of worsening the already impaired counter-regulatory responses in these patients. Further studies in the future could identify other key players involved in this clinically relevant interaction.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: A promising therapeutic strategy in diabetic osteoporosis
Authors: Yang Ya-Jing , Chen Xi-Er , Zhou Xu-Chang , Liang Feng-Xia
Published: November 2024

Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. It is urgent to explore efficient clinical treatment strategies for DOP. It has been found that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), as an emerging cell-free therapy, show great potential in DOP treatment. MSC-EVs can effectively promote bone formation, inhibit bone resorption, and modulate the inflammatory microenvironment by delivering cargoes of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and proteins to target cells, thereby ameliorating bone loss in DOP. However, there are limited reports on the treatment of DOP with MSC-EVs. To evoke more attention to this potential strategy, this article summarised the extant literature on MSC-EVs for DOP to provide new directions for further research and to promote the application of MSC-EVs in the clinical management of DOP.
ALIENAÇÃO PARENTAL: CONCEPÇÕES, ASPECTOS PSICOJURÍDICOS E SOLUÇÕES JURÍDICAS NO ÂMBITO DO DIREITO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Pereira Amanda Karolyne Vieira , Andrade Thiago Borges
Published: November 2024

A presente pesquisa é apresentada como trabalho de conclusão de curso e tem como objetivo geral verificar o uso dos dispositivos legais e doutrinas na prevenção da alienação parental, bem como seu uso para reestabelecer o relacionamento entre o genitor alienado com a criança ou adolescente. Os objetivos específicos pretendem apontar a definição da alienação parental; identificar comportamentos de um possível alienador parental; compreender o uso de dispositivos para solucionar casos comprovados de alienação parental, e; verificar a existência de meios de prevenção da alienação parental através das leis e doutrinas psicojurídicas. Para isso, temos uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa com a utilização de livros, dissertações, teses e artigos.  O conceito será apresentado a fim de estruturar uma linha teórica em torno da doutrina jurídica, bem como das considerações acerca dos impactos da prática no seio da família. Espera-se elaborar estratégias de prevenção e apontar caminhos jurídicos para resolver questões aprofundadas sobre o assunto.