bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notas sobre la regulación constitucional de los medios electrónicos de comunicación
Authors: Carbonell Miguel
Published: May 2024

Número 104Mayo - Agosto 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 NOTAS SOBRE LA REGULACIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL DE LOS MEDIOS ELECTRÓNICOS DE COMUNICACIÓN* Miguel CARBONELL ** El presente ensayo es un estudio sobre la regulación constitucional y legal de los medios de comunicación, específicamente de los medios electrónicos, partiendo de que, si bien es cierto que los medios electrónicos de comunicación carecen de previsión constitucional, existen reglas generales en materia de libertad de expresión e imprenta y de derecho a la información que les son aplicables. De esta forma, el autor analiza los artículos 6o. y 7o. constitucionales, las limitaciones que para aquéllos derivan del marco constitucional y de determinados instrumentos internacionales, así como de algunos criterios jurisprudenciales. Por último, teniendo en cuenta la deficiencia del actual marco normativo en esta materia y del contexto político y social de México, el autor expone algunas propuestas que en este tema han elaborado distintos constitucionalistas, incluyendo las de él mismo. Palabras clave: derecho a la información, medios electrónicos, libertad de expresión, libertad de imprenta. *Texto de la conferencia impartida en la ciudad de Morelia, Michoacán, dentro del Seminario Nacional de Responsabilidad, Autorregulación y Legislación en Radio y Televisión, el 17 de julio de 2001. **Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
El síndico y el desistimiento de las acciones en favor de la quiebra en la Ley de Concursos Mercantiles
Authors: Quintana Adriano Elvia Arcelia
Published: May 2024

Número 104Mayo - Agosto 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 EL SÍNDICO Y EL DESISTIMIENTO DE LAS ACCIONES EN FAVOR DE LA QUIEBRA EN LA LEY DE CONCURSOS MERCANTILES Elvia Arcelia QUINTANA ADRIANO * El artículo tiene por objeto explicar las facultades del síndico para desistirse de las acciones que tiene el quebrado, en favor de la quiebra. En primer lugar, la autora se refiere a los antecedentes de la quiebra y a su concepto, así como a los requisitos previos e indispensables para declararla, y al procedimiento respectivo. En segundo lugar, analiza los diferentes órganos de la quiebra, dentro de los cuales se encuentra el síndico. Por último, explica la situación del quebrado en cuanto a su capacidad de ejercicio, y el papel que desempeña el síndico en el desistimiento de un juicio iniciado por el quebrado con anterioridad a la fecha de declaración de la quiebra y de retroacción de la misma. Cabe destacar que en el desarrollo del trabajo, la autora establece una comparación entre la reciente Ley de Concursos Mercantiles y la anterior Ley de Quiebras y Suspensión de Pagos. Palabras clave: quiebra, síndico, quebrado, desistimiento de la acción., *Investigadora del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
La omisión legislativa y su inconstitucionalidad en México
Authors: Báez Silva Carlos
Published: May 2024

Número 105Septiembre - Diciembre 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 LA OMISIÓN LEGISLATIVA Y SU INCONSTITUCIONALIDAD EN MÉXICO Carlos BÁEZ SILVA * A partir de la discusión sobre la posibilidad o imposibilidad de aplicar aquellos artículos de la Constitución acerca de los cuales no existe legislación secundaria que desarrolle su contenido, el autor presenta un estudio sobre la inconstitucionalidad por omisión legislativa. En primer lugar, analiza la supremacía constitucional y la llamada "defensa de la Constitución". Después, trata el tema de la Constitución como norma jurídica y expone la clasificación de las normas constitucionales según su eficacia. Más tarde, explica lo que debe entenderse por omisión legislativa. Finalmente, después de un estudio sobre la legislación local mexicana en la materia, destaca la necesidad de incluir este tema en el debate sobre una nueva Constitución. Palabras clave: omisión legislativa, inconstitucionalidad, supremacía constitucional, defensa de la Constitución. *Instituto de la Judicatura Federal, cbs@cjf.gob.mx. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
La constitucionalización de los derechos indígenas en América Latina: una aproximación teórica
Authors: Carbonell Miguel
Published: May 2024

Número 108Septiembre - Diciembre 2003Nueva Serie Año XXXVIISSN 0041 8633 LA CONSTITUCIONALIZACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS INDÍGENAS EN AMÉRICA LATINA: UNA APROXIMACIÓN TEÓRICA * Miguel CARBONELL ** Se trata de un estudio sobre algunas de las dificultades que, desde el punto de vista de la teoría jurídica, ha tenido el proceso de constitucionalización de los derechos indígenas en América Latina. El autor ubica y analiza los principales problemas que a partir del reconocimiento de los derechos indígenas se han generado, aunque con distinta intensidad y respuestas, en prácticamente todos los países de la región. Las dificultades que el autor trata en este trabajo son: la identificación del sujeto, la tensión entre individuo y comunidad en los derechos indígenas, la armonización entre el derecho nacional y el derecho indígena, y la tensión entre derechos de autonomía y derechos sociales. Palabras clave: derecho indígena, derecho constitucional, teoría jurídica, derechos sociales. *En una primera versión, este texto fue expuesto y discutido en un seminario del Área de Derecho Constitucional de la Universidad Pompeu Fabra de Barcelona celebrado el 25 de junio de 2002. Agradezco las observaciones y hospitalidad de Marc Carrillo, Carles Viver Pi-Suñer, Luis Javier Mieres y los demás asistentes al acto. Neus Torbisco y Jorge Antonio González Galván tuvieron la gentileza de leer detenidamente una versión precedente e hicieron inteligentes observaciones, que mucho les aprecio. **Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Crimen y prisión en el nuevo milenio
Authors: García Ramírez Sergio
Published: May 2024

Número 110Mayo - Agosto 2004Nueva Serie Año XXXVIIISSN 0041 8633 CRIMEN Y PRISIÓN EN EL NUEVO MILENIO * Sergio GARCÍA RAMÍREZ ** En el presente ensayo, el autor examina aspectos fundamentales del sistema penal y los puntos de tensión que existen entre éstos y los derechos humanos. Se trata de un análisis que busca orientar la evolución del derecho penal y penitenciario en los años por venir. En primer lugar, el autor se refiere al concepto de delito y al principio de legalidad en materia penal. En segundo lugar, examina el concepto de delincuente y la polémica entre derecho de acto o derecho de autor. En tercer lugar, se analiza el concepto de pena y sus funciones sociales posibles. Finalmente, desarrolla una reflexión sobre el proceso penal como el método para articular el delito, en un extremo, y la pena, en el otro, ambos dirigidos hacia el delincuente. En la conclusión, el autor aboga en favor de la construcción de un sistema penal democrático. Palabras clave: delito, delincuente, pena, proceso penal, sistema penitenciario. *Una versión sintética de este trabajo fue presentada en la conferencia del autor en el II Congreso Internacional sobre Prevención Criminal, Seguridad Pública, Procuración y Administración de Justicia. "Una visión del presente y del futuro a la luz de los derechos humanos", Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, 25 de marzo de 2003. Este propósito expositivo explica algunas expresiones utilizadas en el texto. ** Presidente de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos e Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Racismos entrelazados. Intersecciones de las opresiones racistas en México
Authors: Masferrer León Cristina , Pérez Vera Amarilis , Rodríguez Solís Gerardo , Navarrete Suárez Nydia Johana , Vargas García Andrea Berenice , Gómez Palacios Juan Carlos , Alvarado Lugo Greta , Núñez Rodríguez Maribel , Mora Amezcua Haydee Maricela , Cuevas Martínez Alberto
Published: May 2024

Esta obra colectiva, integrada por diez capítulos, muestra cómo el racismo se entrelaza o articula de manera compleja con otros sistemas de poder, opresión y dominación, por ejemplo, con el clasismo, el capitalismo, la xenofobia, la intolerancia religiosa, el machismo, la gordofobia y el adultocentrismo, entre otros. Los textos se centran en distintas regiones de México y analizan espacios como las calles, el transporte público, las áreas de esparcimiento, los establecimientos comerciales, las instituciones de salud, las escuelas, los sitios de trabajo, las zonas habitacionales, las galeras construidas para ciertas poblaciones, los aeropuertos e, incluso, el ciberespacio mediante el cual circulan memes o se emiten comentarios en redes sociales digitales. Escrito por investigadores jóvenes, este trabajo colectivo es un radar de las inquietudes más recientes en torno a esta problemática, con textos frescos que abren nuevas preguntas y buscan ofrecer respuestas novedosas a ellas.
Image Processing Model for Sign Language Recognition System
Authors: Jyothi Mrs. N. Krishna
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This paper presents a novel approach towards developing a unified Sign Language Recognition System catering to both American Sign Language (ASL) and British Sign Language (BSL) communities. Leveraging image processing techniques, our system aims to accurately interpret and translate sign gestures into textual or auditory outputs. By employing advanced algorithms and machine learning models, the system can effectively recognize complex sign patterns, allowing for seamless communication between signers and non-signers. We discuss the architecture and key components of our system, including image acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification methodologies tailored to the distinct characteristics of ASL and BSL. Furthermore, we address challenges such as gesture variability, background noise, and lighting conditions, proposing solutions to enhance the robustness and accuracy of the recognition process. Through rigorous testing and evaluation, our system demonstrates promising results in real-world scenarios, showcasing its potential to bridge communication gaps and foster inclusivity for individuals within the deaf community.
Performance Analysis: Object Detection System for Low Illumination
Authors: Balasaheb Meher Tanushri , Sanjay Mhaske Sakshi , Somnath More Shubham , Bhaurao Ugale Sakshi , Kale Dr. N. R.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Abnormal activity detection plays a very important role in surveillance applications. The existing research on surveillance for daytime has achieved better performance by detecting and tracking objects using deep learning algorithms. However, it is difficult to achieve the same performance for night vision mainly due to low illumination. Deep learning is a powerful machine learning technique in which the object detector automatically learns image features required for detection tasks. It is required to generate a model that detects objects under low illumination. The approach is to use thermal infrared images and detect external objects, if any, and classify whether it is human or animal in an isolation area. With the rapid growth of deep learning, more efficient techniques will be implemented to solve the problems of object detection using neural networks and deep learning
Investigating Natural Polymer Nanocomposites in Relation with Eco-Friendly Potential in Environmental Contexts
Authors: Imam Nur Adam , Dada Nadiya Y , Imam Fatima Adam
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The escalating global waste crisis and precipitous decline in biodiversity have emerged as two of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time. These interconnected issues pose grave threats to the delicate balance of ecosystems and the myriad species that inhabit them. This research Endeavor seeks to harmonize these critical spheres by proposing an integrated approach to waste reduction and wildlife preservation, recognizing their inextricable linkages within the intricate web of life. This research explores the synergistic potential of integrating waste reduction strategies with targeted wildlife preservation efforts. By promoting circular economies, sustainable production and consumption practices, and innovative recycling technologies, the influx of harmful pollutants into ecosystems can be mitigated, alleviating the burden on vulnerable species and habitats. Complementarily, robust conservation measures, ecosystem restoration initiatives, and the engagement of local communities can safeguard biodiversity, thereby maintaining the ecological integrity that underpins sustainable waste management.
The Comparative Analysis of Financial Distress Precipitating Factors in Islamic Banking in Indonesia and Malaysia Based on Bankometer Variables
Authors: Pratiwi Amelia , Verani Tri , Rayhan Asyarf
Published: May 2024

This study seeks to identify and compare descriptively the factors that influence the likelihood of financial distress in Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banking. This study selected some variables and standard ratio values based on the Bankometer model such as Islamic banks’ capital adequacy, leverage level, credit risk, efficiency, and liquidity. The financial ratio data collected from published financial reports from five Indonesian Islamic banks and four Malaysian Islamic banks then analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results indicate that during the observation periods, the capital level (CA and CAR), leverage level (EA), and credit risk (NPF) of Islamic banking in Indonesia and Malaysia met the Bankometer standard. Meanwhile, the liquidity level (LA) of Islamic banks in both countries slightly exceeded the Bankometer's maximum standard, especially before the pandemic period. The findings in this study may enrich the discourse on the factors that trigger possible financial distress in Islamic banking by collaborating with the Bankometer model and binary logistic regression.
The Influence of Islamic Financial Literacy, Islamic Financial Inclusion, and Financial Behavior on the Investment Decisions of Generation Z in West Java
Authors: Fadillah Ajeng Nurul , Lubis Deni
Published: May 2024

The largest number of Generation Z in Indonesia has potential for economic development. This is because the younger generation possesses high levels of technological skills, making them promising investors and key drivers in advancing investment growth in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze the levels of Islamic financial literacy and inclusion and their influence on financial behavior and investment decisions using descriptive analysis and the SEM-PLS method. The research results indicate that the average level of Islamic financial literacy was 77.9% (well-literate) and the level of Islamic inclusion was 80.5% (high). Islamic financial literacy and Islamic financial inclusion significantly affect investment decisions while financial behavior does not significantly affect investment decisions. This study contribute to enhance the index of literacy and financial inclusion in sharia finance for the younger generation, as well as promoting participation in sustainable investments oriented towards sharia principles.
A Cross-Country Analysis of Islamic Bank’s Performance in Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Qomar Moh. Nurul , Rusgianto Sulistya , Muttaqin Ibnu , Hidayati Athi’
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine the financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, with a specific focus on optimizing shareholder value. The assessment includes efficiency, market share, interest rates, inflation and economic growth as crucial criteria in comprehending the success of Islamic banks in each country. The secondary data is derived from the annual reports of 25 Islamic banks in Indonesia and Malaysia, with a focus on characteristics pertaining to operational efficiency and market share. Furthermore, data is obtained from Bank Indonesia (BI) to gather statistics regarding inflation, interest rates, and GDP growth from the years 2018 to 2021. The study used panel data regression with a random effects model as the most accurate estimator. The results of the panel data regression analysis suggest that inflation has a favorable effect on return on equity (ROE), while GDP growth has a beneficial impact on return on assets (ROA). This research highlights the importance of enhancing inflation risk management and making strategic adaptations to the business plans of Islamic banks in Malaysia and Indonesia. This  research enhances the scholarly comprehension of the variables affecting the efficiency of Islamic banks in diverse economic conditions.
Capturing the Potential Implementation of Islamic Financing with Supply Chain Finance Model Fisheries Sector in Belitung
Authors: Ramadhan Reviandi , Violita Evony Silvino
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the Islamic financing model with supply chain financing and its impact for the economic development, especially for fisheries households in Belitung region. This research uses a qualitative approach. The main object of this research was Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah and the fishery sector in Belitung. In addition, the distribution of the locations of fisheries households consists of 5 (Five) subdistrict namely: Tanjung Pandan, Membalong, Sijuk, Badau, and Selat Nasik. In this study, the research uses a basic framework of interview questions to 10 infromants from multi-channel financing business model study by Bank Indonesia (2023). The results of this study found that the supply chain financing model with Islamic financing contracts has the potential prospect to be applied by using the musharakah and wakalah bil ujrah contract of transactions for fisheries households in five subdistrict of Belitung region. The implication of this research to enhance the critical role of the Islamic financing model for fisheries households to increase the income of fisherman exchange rate in Belitung Regency
Analisis Pengaruh Investasi, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Dan Konsumsi Terhadap Pendapatan Perkapita Di Indonesia
Authors: Maharani Selvia Dewi , Boedirochminarni Arfida
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of investment, economic growth, and consumption on per capita income in Indonesia from 1990-2022. The research method used is quantitative research using time series data. The data used in this research was obtained from the World Bank. The variables used in the analysis are investment, economic growth, and consumption. The software used to carry out the study is E-views 12. The research results show that the investment variable has a positive and significant effect on per capita income, and the economic growth variable has a positive and significant impact on per capita income. The consumption variable has a negative and significant effect on per capita income.
Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk, Jumlah Pengangguran Dan Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Pulau Jawa
Authors: Nurul Izzah Purnamasari Evita
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of population, population, and education level on economic growth, especially in the Java Island region. The research method used is quantitative research using relevant sources from the Central Statistics Agency or BPS. The data source combines six provinces on the island of Java with data from 2013 to 2022. Data analysis uses panel data. The results of this study show that population, unemployment, and education levels influence economic growth on the island of Java. The population, the number of unemployed people, and the level of schooling shape the quality of the workforce on Java island.
Analisis Pengaruh Tingkat Pendapatan Industri Rumah Tangga Produksi Jenang Ketan Di Desa Rejowinangun Kecamatan Kadengan Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Triana Sari Desi , Susilowati Dwi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan kotor produksi jenang ketan sekali proses produksi di setiap harinya dan mengetahui pengaruh modal, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku terhadap pendapatan industri rumah tangga jenang ketan di Desa Rejowinangun. Penelitian ini menggunakan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 responden pemilik industri rumah tangga jenang ketan. Teknik yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi liniear berganda dan data yang digunakan yaitu cross section. Penelitian ini mendapatkan data dengan cara wawancara langsung dan membagikan kuesioner kepada pemilik industri rumah tangga jenang ketan di Desa Rejowinangun. Hasil dari penelitian ini rata-rata pendapatan kotor industri jenang ketan yaitu  Rp. 1.500.000/satu kali produksi dan hasil perhitungan analisis data tersebut menunjukan bahwa hubungan antara modal dengan nilai koefisien 1.039464, tenaga kerja dengan nilai koefies sebesar 14.45511 dan bahan baku dengan nilai koefisien 0.280612 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan industri rumah tangga jenang ketan di Desa Rejowinangun Kecamatan Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ASET PERUSAHAAN PROPERTI TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sandara Stefen Aan , Riyanto Wahyu Hidayat
Published: May 2024

Property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) are very popular with investors to invest in when real estate income is growing rapidly. The aim of this research is to find out what factors influence asset growth in property companies. The data analysis technique uses panel regression which combines cross section and time series data on 31 property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the period 2010-2021. The research results reveal that capital structure is not significant in influencing asset growth. The profitability variable has a positive and significant effect on asset growth in property companies. When profitability rises, asset growth will increase. Meanwhile, company size has a significant negative effect on asset growth in property companies. This means that the larger the company size will actually reduce the growth of property companies.
Workplace fear of missing out and job burnout: The chain mediating effect of psychological detachment and work–family conflict
Authors: Shi Guanfeng , Yan Wenbo , Pang Huiwei , Liu Zhaohui , Zheng Xiong
Published: May 2024

We explored the chain mediating role of psychological detachment and work–family conflict in the relationship between workplace fear of missing out (FOMO) and job burnout. Participants comprised 324 Chinese employees who completed online surveys at four time points. Results were
as follows: (a) workplace FOMO was negatively correlated with psychological detachment and positively correlated with work–family conflict and job burnout, (b) psychological detachment and work–family conflict played a mediating role in the relationship between workplace FOMO and
job burnout, and (c) psychological detachment and work–family conflict played a chain mediating role in the relationship between workplace FOMO and job burnout. The multiple mediating mechanisms by which workplace FOMO affects job burnout point to its harmful effects and indicate a need
to reduce its potential impact on job burnout by increasing employees' psychological detachment and reducing their work–family conflict levels.
Teacher and family support, teacher–student relationship, and psychological capital in online learning: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Chu Tian
Published: May 2024

This research examined the impact of teacher support on students' psychological capital during the process of online learning, and investigated the mediating effect of the teacher–student relationship and the moderating role of family support. For this purpose, 577 junior high
school students in China completed a survey. The findings revealed a positive relationship between teacher support and students' psychological capital. Moreover, teacher–student relationships mediated the influence of teacher support on students' psychological capital. Furthermore, family
support moderated the link between teacher support and teacher–student relationships. These results have practical implications for guiding teachers' efforts in the online learning environment, facilitating teacher support, and providing more effective assistance to students who have
little family support.
Tomada de decisão no mercado financeiro:
Authors: Prado José Willer do , Chain Caio Peixoto , Rosa Mírian , Cardoso Campos Alyce
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar a previsão das séries temporais do Índice Bovespa (Ibovespa) utilizando os métodos de Redes Neurais Artificiais – RNA e Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Systems – ANFIS, tendo em vista a busca de alternativas a modelos lineares que podem ignorar certos aspectos das estruturas dinâmicas existentes no mercado de ações. A metodologia foi de caráter descritiva e quantitativa. Para as técnicas de análise de dados, tendo em vista as possíveis características das séries temporais financeiras, optou-se por utilizar dois métodos não lineares para a análise, ou seja, uma rede neural artificial (RNA) com arquitetura MLP (multilayer perceptron) com algoritmo Levenberg-Marquardt e também o método Adaptative Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). Verificou-se um bom ajuste do modelo para a série estudada, o que confirma que modelos híbridos utilizando Sistemas Fuzzy (em termos de regras difusas) apresentam características que podem ser úteis para lidar com séries temporais que possuem estruturas dinâmicas complexas e não-lineares como é o caso das séries temporais financeiras. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que por meio de métodos como o Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Systems – ANFIS, pode-se realizar previsões para o mercado acionário com certa previsibilidade, comprovando que eventos ocorridos no passado podem vir a determinar eventos futuros como salienta a teoria de Charles Dow e refutando a hipótese do Random Walk de Bachelier (1964) para a presente amostra.
Previsão da sinistralidade em seguros de vida utilizando modelos de séries temporais
Authors: Gonçalves Jussiane Nader , Pandolfi Amanda Santos
Published: May 2024

A condição de não estaticidade dos seguros em geral se dá por se tratar de uma ciência que depende de fatores sociais e econômicos para se sustentar. O Seguro de Vida, em especial, é impactado por diversos agentes, desde políticas econômicas e culturais, até o desempenho das seguradoras quanto a oferta e demanda do seu produto e aspectos sociodemográficos que influenciam no comportamento do próprio segurado. O conhecimento sobre o risco identificado é fundamental para que a avaliação seja realista e precisa. Para garantir a solvência dessas empresas e assegurar os compromissos futuros, diversas premissas atuariais estão envolvidas no gerenciamento e precificação de riscos, como análise de frequência de sinistros, severidade, risco biométrico, análises de sensibilidade e subscrição, acompanhamento de sinistralidade, entre outras, cabendo ao atuário responsável adequar tais medidas a realidade da instituição de risco. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar modelos de previsão para uma das premissas atuariais mencionadas, a saber, a sinistralidade, por meio de métodos de regressão e Box-Jenkins. Foram analisados os dados mensais disponíveis no Sistema de Estatísticas (SES) da Superintendência de Seguros Privados (SUSEP), entre os anos de 2011 e 2021, das oito seguradoras com maior volume de prêmio. A capacidade de previsão dos modelos foi avaliada comparando os valores previstos com os dados reais do 1° semestre de 2022. O modelo de regressão foi o mais adequado para a previsão da sinistralidade, embora ambos os métodos tenham apresentado desempenho satisfatório.
An Inclusive Approach of Urban Open Space Analysis via Field Sketching
Authors: Benkaid Kasbah Seloua , Eplényi Anna
Published: May 2024

This research explores how field sketch drawing can help in understanding, and analysing urban open spaces, and their potential roles for their experiential dimension.
The research begins with a theoretical interpretation of the term “Place” and an examination of the components that make up an urban open space. This is followed by an analytical study of field sketch drawing techniques, which are selected and applied to develop an inclusive approach for analysing urban open spaces via field sketching.
The final product of this research includes a theoretical study of urban space components and field sketching, serving as a comprehensive guide for analysing urban spaces through field sketching.
The research findings highlight the potential of field sketch drawing as a valuable method for understanding and analysing urban open spaces, and its ability to enhance the experiential dimension of these spaces. The proposed inclusive field sketching approach provides a practical tool for designers and planners to conduct on-site analysis and generate preliminary design proposals for urban open spaces. The results of this research contribute to the field landscape architecture and design by providing insights and recommendations for incorporating field sketching as a valuable approach in the analysis and design of urban open spaces.
A History of the Academy of Accounting Historians: 2014–2023
Authors: Lazdowski Yvette J. , Fafatas Stephan A. , Holley Brandi L.
Published: May 2024

This paper, the fourth in a series covering the history of the Academy of Accounting Historians (The Academy) since its founding in 1973, recounts and details the leadership, publication, activities, and events of the period 2014–2023 from the viewpoint of individuals who have served as officers, trustees, or members of The Academy. The earlier histories of The Academy appeared in this journal in December 1989 (1973–1988), December 1998 (1989–1998), and December 2014 (1999–2013) and provide a similar profile of the organization for those periods, with a summary evaluation as part of the conclusion. The Academy proudly celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2023. One of the three authors of this study was also a coauthor of the previous study.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: M00.
Enhancing Faculty Grading Productivity Using Robotic Process Automation (RPA): The Development of a Structured Query Language (SQL) Automated Grading Tool
Authors: Coyne Joshua G. , Summers Scott L. , Wood David A.
Published: May 2024

Using the design science methodology, we develop an automated grading bot using robotic process automation (RPA) software. This grader demonstrates RPA’s capability to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of grading structured query language (SQL) queries. Validation of the RPA grader demonstrates that it can grade assignments and/or exams in 30 to 60 minutes, a task that would take a human grader approximately 50 hours. In contrast to human graders, who misgraded 5 to 8 percent of queries, the RPA grader graded all queries correctly. Notably, it correctly evaluated 188 distinct correct solutions submitted by students to a single question. To facilitate broad adoption, we provide instructions and the necessary code for implementing the RPA grader. We validate that professors and teaching assistants can successfully implement the RPA grader even with no previous bot building experience.
Medical Assistant Health Coaching for Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care: Results From a Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fortmann Addie L. , Soriano Emily C. , Gallo Linda C. , Clark Taylor L. , Spierling Bagsic Samantha R. , Sandoval Haley , Jones Jennifer A. , Roesch Scott , Gilmer Todd , Schultz James , Bodenheimer Thomas , Philis-Tsimikas Athena
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

This cluster (clinic-level) randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared medical assistant (MA) health coaching (MAC) with usual care (UC) among at-risk adults with type 2 diabetes in two diverse real-world primary care environments: a federally qualified health center (FQHC; Neighborhood Healthcare) and a large nonprofit private insurance–based health system (Scripps Health).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 600 adults with type 2 diabetes who met one or more of the following criteria in the last 90 days were enrolled: HbA1c ≥8% and/or LDL cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL and/or systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg. Participants at MAC clinics received in-person and telephone self-management support from a specially trained MA health coach for 12 months. Electronic medical records were used to examine clinical outcomes in the overall sample. Behavioral and psychosocial outcomes were evaluated in a subsample (n = 300).

RESULTS

All clinical outcomes improved significantly over 1 year in the overall sample (P < 0.001). The reduction in HbA1c was significantly greater in the MAC versus UC group (unstandardized Binteraction = −0.06; P = 0.002). A significant time by group by site interaction also showed that MAC resulted in greater improvements in LDL cholesterol than UC at Neighborhood Healthcare relative to Scripps Health (Binteraction = −1.78 vs. 1.49; P < 0.05). No other statistically significant effects were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

This was the first large-scale pragmatic RCT supporting the real-world effectiveness of MAC for type 2 diabetes in U.S. primary care settings. Findings suggest that this team-based approach may be particularly effective in improving diabetes outcomes in FQHC settings.
Theoretical and practical aspects of the influence of judicial law-making on judicial reform
Authors: Kryvytskyi Y. V.
Published: May 2024

The article summarizes, expands and substantiates scientific knowledge about the theoretical and practical aspects of the influence of judicial law-making on judicial reform. The legal nature of judicial law-making is characterized, taking into account modern contextual and conceptual approaches to understanding the law-making potential of the court. Judicial law-making is an important, integral and special type of law-making. The legal nature of judicial law-making is deep and multifaceted, in particular, it is a way of achieving the goal of justice and ensuring the rule of law; an important guarantee of the protection of human rights; a necessary element of implementing the rule of law in the mechanism of ensuring human rights and freedoms; a means of overcoming legislative gaps and exceptional legal problems in the course of law enforcement; a tool for supplementing the law; «insurance» agent of the legislator, etc. In the democratic countries of the world, judicial law-making has proven itself as an effective tool entrusted to the courts within the limits of their judicial activity, and they use this tool with an appropriate level of responsibility. The peculiarities and directions of influence of international and national judicial law-making on reforming the judicial system and legal reform are analyzed. The theoretical and practical value of the influence of judicial law-making on judicial and legal reforms lies in the fact that it is a conceptual basis for the qualitative transformation of the domestic judiciary, judiciary, justice and the legal system, in particular the field of judicial law. The state and trends of the introduction of judicial law-making into the national legal system of Ukraine based on the results of the last judicial reform are revealed. With each stage of judicial reform in Ukraine, the need for official recognition of judicial law-making becomes more relevant. The judicial reform of 2016 did not positively resolve this issue. Currently, the need to introduce judicial law-making is mostly recognized at the doctrinal level, but is rejected by the legislator.
Historical and legal characteristics of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic and its state-building potential
Authors: Ozel V. I.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the prerequisites and procedural aspects of the conclusion of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic on January 22, 1919, which was the culmination of centuries-old efforts of Ukrainians to unite their historical national lands within the boundaries of a single sovereign and independent state of Ukraine.
The process of affirming the unity of the Ukrainian lands historically began with the search for support for the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic among the political elites of Trans-Dnieper Ukraine. The pre-accession agreement concluded between representatives of the Western Ukrainian political elite and the newly formed Directorate of the Ukrainian People’s Republic provided for the procedure for ratifying the union of the two parts of Ukraine. The aspirations of Western Ukrainian People’s Republic representatives regarding equal representation in the highest bodies of state administration, which they previously discussed with the Management, were not realized. In fact, the Directory recognizes the autonomous status of Western Ukrainian People’s Republic as one of the regions of Ukraine under the name Western Region of the Ukrainian People’s Republic.
The management of the Directory was aware of the declarative nature of the connection. The paradigm of the historical perspective and parallels through the centuries brings us back to the need to constantly study the strengths and positive experiences of the past, study mistakes in order to avoid them in the future. The period of Ukrainian national development studied in the article went through many difficult trials, but this encouraged Ukrainians to raise national liberation ideas to a new level - awareness of the need for national and territorial unity.
The leaders of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and Western Ukrainian People’s Republic failed to realize the positive aspirations that were laid down in their positive movement towards the unity of the state. The main drawback was that the main institutions of power of the Ukrainian People’s Republic remained formed according to the imperial model. There was a lack of professional and at the same time nationally conscious personnel. An important historical experience of the relationship between the two parts of Ukraine, which must be taken into account in the current conditions of Ukraine, is the development of a common national policy, the vector of which is national interests, sovereignty and protection of the independence and territorial integrity of the state.
Prospects for the development of constitutional principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen
Authors: Baltsii Y. Y. , Synytsyn P. M.
Published: May 2024

The article substantiates the need for further development of the constitutional principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen in Ukraine. In order to solve this task, the current legislation in the field of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen was analyzed, recognizing that the Constitution of Ukraine created an effective constitutional and legal basis for further law-making and rule-making activities of state structures regarding the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen.
At the current stage of state formation, the observance of human rights in Ukraine is connected with the legal trend of their recognition at the state-legal level. It should be noted that they are enshrined in various international legal acts, and above all, they are aimed at the development of rights and freedoms, as well as individual guarantees. The problems of the real guarantee of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen within the framework of their consolidation in the constitutional principles of the legal status of a person and a citizen, as well as the question of the actual state of the position of these things, rarely become the subject of scientific research. It is this that determines the need to research the aspect of the prospects for the development of the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen, as well as the elements and mechanisms of its implementation.
It is argued that the modern constitutional development of Ukraine in the context of the European dimension of political transformations determines the problem of rethinking the role and meaning of the constitutional principles of the status of a person and a citizen in Ukraine in the process of forming a new legal reality.
It was determined that despite the establishment of the basic principles of the constitutional and legal status of a person and a citizen in the Constitution of Ukraine, there is an urgent need for their further development in the context of building a modern democratic legal state.
A conclusion is made about the special role and significance of modern transformations of constitutional norms, which highlight the status of a person and a citizen, for the sake of normal and harmonious formation of prospects for the development of the principles of the constitutional status of a person and a citizen, and the introduction of appropriate changes to the Constitution of Ukraine.
Dual citizenship in Ukraine and the world
Authors: Cherepenko S. A. , Kostenko I. V.
Published: May 2024

This work is devoted to the topic of dual (multiple) citizenship and its features. The author examines aspects that may arise with multiple citizenship in matters of national security, taxes on legal conflicts, as well as advantages and complexities, the relationship between rights and obligations. Dual citizenship offers significant and diverse benefits, including empowerment in employment, education, business and travel. Citizens are able to enjoy the social and economic benefits of both countries, which also contributes to the strengthening of international ties through cultural exchanges and diplomatic cooperation, increasing understanding and respect between peoples.
However, despite numerous advantages, there are also significant disadvantages and risks associated with dual citizenship. The main ones – are issues of national security and identity, difficulties arising in the areas of taxation, military service, as well as possible legal conflicts when the same person falls under the legislation of two different states.
The article considers possible changes in the legislation of Ukraine regarding the introduction of dual (multiple) citizenship, and the prospects for its possible development. The author notes that before making a separate decision regarding dual citizenship, it is necessary to carefully investigate all its aspects. Consider both positive and negative sides, taking into account personal circumstances.
In addition, the author of this article presents arguments both for and against dual citizenship, and also describes the possible risks and challenges associated with it.
The conclusion states that dual citizenship is a complex legal concept that can have both positive and negative aspects for individuals who have it. The article emphasizes that the issue of dual citizenship should be carefully studied at the state level with the participation of all interested parties — politicians, experts in the field of law, economics, sociology and ordinary citizens. Only a balanced approach will allow to achieve the maximum benefit from dual citizenship, avoid potential risks and ensure the stability and security of the state.
Mediation as a type of alternative dispute resolution: definition, advantages and disadvantages
Authors: Gerasimchuk S. S.
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the essence of mediation as one of the alternative ways of resolving disputes. The importance of alternative methods of dispute resolution as an institution of extrajudicial conflict resolution, which is a fairly popular method of protecting violated rights in most countries of the world, is emphasized. The author emphasized the proposition that mediation is not the only alternative way to resolve disputes, this group includes negotiations, arbitration, arbitration courts, independent assessment of facts, conciliation, medical-arb, etc. The actuality of the issue is determined by the fact that this institute is quite new for Ukraine, and is only now becoming widespread. The Law of Ukraine «On Mediation» is quite young, and the relevant legislative provisions are the latest for citizens. Doctrinal definitions of the concept of «mediation» are characterized, both on the example of European and Ukrainian legislation. The stages of mediation are highlighted. Examples of practical application of mediation between parties to a dispute are given. It has been established that mediation is an alternative way of resolving a civil dispute, which is aimed at reaching a mutually acceptable solution based on the mutually agreed will of the parties with the participation of an independent and impartial person (mediator). The use of mediation as a method of dispute resolution has certain advantages. First, saving money; secondly, the decision on the merits of the dispute is made by the parties themselves by mutual agreement; thirdly, saving time, since the preparation and consideration of the case in court is a longer process; fourth, confidentiality; fifth, preservation of partnership relations between the parties. The advantages and disadvantages of this type of alternative dispute resolution are analyzed. It was concluded that in order to spread mediation, it is necessary to create a wide circle of information about this topic, to raise the awareness of citizens about the presented type of alternative method of dispute resolution, to introduce mandatory mediation for certain categories of cases (for example, family, in particular, in the field of private legal relations), create a single register of mediators, organize special courses (specialization) for judges to develop approaches to resolving disputes, especially in the private law sphere.
Peculiarities of regulation of various types of non-contractual obligations in the field of international private law
Authors: Rudenko O. V. , Vaitsekhovska O. R.
Published: May 2024

The article reveals certain types of non-contractual obligations (NCO) in the field of private international law (PIL). The common features and differences between certain types of NCO in Ukraine and other countries of the Romano-Germanic legal family through the usage of the comparative legal method are described. The article reveals such types of obligations in PIL as: tort/delict obligations; obligations arising out of unjust enrichment; obligations arising out of damage caused by a product, work, service; culpa in contrahendo; negotiorum gestio. The article substantiates that NCO arise, first of all, between persons who are not in a contractual relationship, or between persons who are bound by a contract, but the damage is not caused in connection with a violation of contractual obligations. The article reveals the main provisions of conflict regulation of NCO. The issue of refusal to use the general collision binding of the place of harm (lex loci delicti commissi) is being studied. Nowadays, instead of that collision binding, which was originally used for each type of non-contractual obligation, several alternative collision bindings are used. In addition to the law of the place where the tort was committed, the article also reveals the features of using such collision bindings as the citizenship of the parties or the place of residence of the parties of the legal relationship, the place of release of the goods, the place of registration of the vehicle, etc. The article highlights some aspects of the recent reform of civil legislation and PIL, in particular. The root cause of the reform and renewal of domestic legislation in various areas, which is caused by the European integration processes taking place in Ukraine in recent years, is revealed. The article substantiates the active recodification of civil legislation introduced by the Government of Ukraine, aimed at eliminating certain shortcomings and contradictions in national civil legislation and harmonizing it with the legislation of the European Union. The article places special emphasis on the need to update national legislation and bring it into line with European standards for democratization and liberalization of all spheres of life.