bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The serum proteome of VA-ECMO patients changes over time and allows differentiation of survivors and non-survivors: an observational study
Authors: Siegel Patrick Malcolm , Barta Bálint András , Orlean Lukas , Steenbuck Ines Derya , Cosenza-Contreras Miguel , Wengenmayer Tobias , Trummer Georg , Wolf Dennis , Westermann Dirk , Schilling Oliver , Diehl Philipp
Published: May 2023

Background

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is applied in patients with refractory hemodynamic failure. Exposure of blood components to high shear stress and the large extracorporeal surfaces in the ECMO circuit trigger a complex inflammatory response syndrome and coagulopathy which are believed to worsen the already poor prognosis of these patients. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics allow a detailed characterization of the serum proteome as it provides the identity and concentration of large numbers of individual proteins at the same time. In this study, we aimed to characterize the serum proteome of patients receiving VA-ECMO.

Methods

Serum samples were collected on day 1 and day 3 after initiation of VA-ECMO. Samples underwent immunoaffinity based depletion for the 14 most abundant serum proteins, in-solution digestion and PreOmics clean-up. A spectral library was built with multiple measurements of a master-mix sample using variable mass windows. Individual samples were measured in data independent acquisition (DIA) mode. Raw files were analyzed by DIA-neural network. Unique proteins were log transformed and quantile normalized. Differential expression analysis was conducted with the LIMMA—R package. ROAST was applied to generate gene ontology enrichment analyses.

Results

Fourteen VA-ECMO patients and six healthy controls were recruited. Seven patients survived. Three hundred and fifty-one unique proteins were identified. One hundred and thirty-seven proteins were differentially expressed between VA-ECMO patients and controls. One hundred and forty-five proteins were differentially expressed on day 3 compared to day 1. Many of the differentially expressed proteins were involved in coagulation and the inflammatory response. The serum proteomes of survivors and non-survivors on day 3 differed from each other according to partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and 48 proteins were differentially expressed. Many of these proteins have also been ascribed to processes in coagulation and inflammation (e.g., Factor IX, Protein-C, Kallikrein, SERPINA10, SEMA4B, Complement C3, Complement Factor D and MASP-1).

Conclusion

The serum proteome of VA-ECMO patients displays major changes compared to controls and changes from day 1 until day 3. Many changes in the serum proteome are related to inflammation and coagulation. Survivors and non-survivors can be differentiated according to their serum proteomes using PLS-DA analysis on day 3. Our results build the basis for future studies using mass-spectrometry based serum proteomics as a tool to identify novel prognostic biomarkers.

Trial registration: DRKS00011106.
Circ_0005615 restrains the progression of multiple myeloma through modulating miR-331-3p and IGF1R regulatory cascade
Authors: Zhang Qinxin , Duan Hui , Yang Wupeng , Liu Hao , Tao Xiaoyang , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2023

Background

Circular RNAs are implicated in modulating the progression of various malignant tumors. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of circ_0005615 in multiple myeloma (MM) remain unclear.

Methods

The expression levels of circ_0005615, miR-331-3p and IGF1R were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot assay. Cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were performed for cell proliferation detection. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by western blot assay. Glucose consumption, lactate production and ATP/ADP ratios were estimated to disclose cell glycolysis. The interaction relationship among miR-331-3p and circ_0005615 or IGF1R was proved by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results

The abundance of circ_0005615 and IGF1R was increased in MM patients and cells, while the expression of miR-331-3p was decreased. Circ_0005615 inhibition retarded the proliferation and cell cycle progression, while reinforced the apoptosis of MM cells. Molecularly, circ_0005615 could sponge miR-331-3p, and the repressive trends of circ_0005615 deficiency on MM progression could be alleviated by anti-miR-331-3p introduction. Additionally, IGF1R was validated to be targeted by miR-331-3p, and IGF1R overexpression mitigated the suppressive function of miR-331-3p on MM development. Furthermore, IGF1R was mediated by circ_0005615/miR-331-3p axis in MM cells.

Conclusion

Circ_0005615 downregulation blocked MM development by targeting miR-331-3p/IGF1R axis.
Risk factors for avascular necrosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a multi-center cohort study of Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) Registry XXII
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Huang Can , Chen Zhen , Zhan Feng , Duan Xinwang , Wang Yongfu , Zhao Cheng , Wu Zhenbiao , Xu Jian , Li Hongbin , Yang Min , Wu Rui , Zhao Jiuliang , Zhang Shangzhu , Wang Qian , Leng Xiaomei , Tian Xinping , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng
Published: May 2023

Background

Avascular necrosis is a common organ damage in SLE patients, which can influence patients’ life quality. Conflicting results exist in risk factors of AVN in SLE patients. The aim of this study was to illustrate risk factors predicting the occurrence of avascular necrosis (AVN), also known as osteonecrosis, in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR), a multi-center cohort of Chinese SLE patients.

Methods

SLE patients in CSTAR without existing AVN at registration were included. At least two follow-ups and an observation period of no less than 2 years for AVN event were required. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate risk factors for AVN in SLE patients. Coefficient B was transformed to risk score for the development of a risk stratification model.

Results

One hundred six (2.59%) of 4091 SLE patients were diagnosed AVN during follow-ups of no less than 2 years. Multi-variate Cox regression analysis suggested that SLE onset age ≤ 30 (HR 1.616,p0.023), arthritis (HR 1.642,p0.018), existing organ damage (SDI ≥ 1) at registration (HR 2.610,p < 0.001), positive anti-RNP (HR 1.709,p0.006), and high glucocorticoid maximum daily dose at registration (HR 1.747,p0.02) were independent risk factors. A risk stratification system was developed according to the risk factors, and patients were divided into high risk (3–6) and low risk (0–2). The AUC of 0.692 indicated moderate discrimination. The calibration curve in internal validation was drawn.

Conclusion

Patients with SLE onset age ≤ 30, arthritis, existing organ damage (SDI ≥ 1) at registration, positive anti-RNP, and high glucocorticoid maximum daily dose at registration are at high risk for AVN and require attention.
UmetaFlow: an untargeted metabolomics workflow for high-throughput data processing and analysis
Authors: Kontou Eftychia E. , Walter Axel , Alka Oliver , Pfeuffer Julianus , Sachsenberg Timo , Mohite Omkar S. , Nuhamunada Matin , Kohlbacher Oliver , Weber Tilmann
Published: May 2023

Metabolomics experiments generate highly complex datasets, which are time and work-intensive, sometimes even error-prone if inspected manually. Therefore, new methods for automated, fast, reproducible, and accurate data processing and dereplication are required. Here, we present UmetaFlow, a computational workflow for untargeted metabolomics that combines algorithms for data pre-processing, spectral matching, molecular formula and structural predictions, and an integration to the GNPS workflows Feature-Based Molecular Networking and Ion Identity Molecular Networking for downstream analysis. UmetaFlow is implemented as a Snakemake workflow, making it easy to use, scalable, and reproducible. For more interactive computing, visualization, as well as development, the workflow is also implemented in Jupyter notebooks using the Python programming language and a set of Python bindings to the OpenMS algorithms (pyOpenMS). Finally, UmetaFlow is also offered as a web-based Graphical User Interface for parameter optimization and processing of smaller-sized datasets. UmetaFlow was validated with in-house LC–MS/MS datasets of actinomycetes producing known secondary metabolites, as well as commercial standards, and it detected all expected features and accurately annotated 76% of the molecular formulas and 65% of the structures. As a more generic validation, the publicly available MTBLS733 and MTBLS736 datasets were used for benchmarking, and UmetaFlow detected more than 90% of all ground truth features and performed exceptionally well in quantification and discriminating marker selection. We anticipate that UmetaFlow will provide a useful platform for the interpretation of large metabolomics datasets.

Graphical Abstract
Allicin alleviates coronary atherosclerosis of mice via endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Jingyu , Si Hailong , Dong Bo , Qin Qin
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been revealed to interventions in atherosclerosis (AS) progressions. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been discovered to modulate the functions of EPCs. Herein, effects of allicin on EPCs were explored in coronary atherosclerosis (CAS).

Methods

Allicin (5 or 10 mg/kg/d) was used to treat the ApoE−/− mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD. TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were examined. HE staining was applied for observation of CAS lesions. In vitro, EPCs were induced by ox-LDL and then treated with allicin and an eNOS inhibitor, L-NAME. Thereafter, the cell viability, apoptosis and migration were examined using CCK-8, flow cytometry and Transwell methods. Western blot was applied for evaluating eNOS, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression. NO production, MDA content, and SOD activity were also measured.

Results

Allicin inhibited CAS progression, decreased serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C but increased HDL-C. Moreover, counts of circulating EPCs, and the protein levels of eNOS, Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased by allicin treatment in mice fed with HFD. Allicin suppressed MDA contents but enhanced SOD activities. In vitro, allicin reversed the impacts of ox-LDL induction in EPCs, facilitating cell mobility and NO production, and decreasing apoptosis. L-NAME treatment reversed effects of allicin.

Conclusion

Allicin alleviated CAS progressions in mice, modulating the cell apoptosis and migration of EPCs via eNOS/ Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Leptin and IGF-1 in Infancy Are Associated With Variants in DHCR7 and CYP2R1 That Relate With Type 1 Diabetes and 25OHD
Authors: Eleftheriou Antigoni , Ong Ken K , Hughes Ieuan A , Petry Clive J
Published: May 2023

Context

Vitamin D has been variably implicated in risk of developing type 1 diabetes based on cohorts of at-risk individuals. Emergent type 1 diabetes in childhood is putatively preceded by altered growth.

Objective

We explored whether polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism genes modify risk of type 1 diabetes via effects on growth in a prospective, population-based cohort of infants.

Methods

The Cambridge Baby Growth Study enrolled newborns from Cambridgeshire, UK, for follow-up in infancy. In 612 infants, we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism genes that relate with type 1 diabetes: rs10741657 and rs12794714 in CYP2R1, rs12785878 in DHCR7, and rs10877012 in CYP27B1. Multivariate linear regression analyses tested associations between genotypes and anthropometric indices (weight, length, and skinfold thickness) or growth-related hormones (C-peptide, IGF-1, and leptin) in infancy.

Results

Birth weight showed borderline associations with the diabetes risk–increasing alleles in CYP2R1, rs10741657 (β = −.11, P = .02) and rs12794714 (β = −.09, P = .04). The risk-increasing allele rs12794714 was also associated with higher IGF-1 levels at age 24 months (β = .30, P = .01). At age 3 months, the risk-increasing allele rs12785878 in DHCR7, known to negatively associate with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, showed a positive association with leptin levels (β = .23, P = .009), which was pronounced in girls (P = .004) vs boys (P = .7).

Conclusion

The vitamin D metabolism genes DHCR7 and CYP2R1 might influence infancy leptin and IGF-1 levels respectively. These findings open the possibility for a developmental role of vitamin D that is mediated by growth-related hormones with implications for the onset of type 1 diabetes autoimmunity.
Management of Muscle Relaxation With Rocuronium and Reversal With Neostigmine or Sugammadex Guided by Quantitative Neuromuscular Monitoring
Authors: Thilen Stephan R. , Sherpa James R. , James Adrienne M. , Cain Kevin C. , Treggiari Miriam M. , Bhananker Sanjay M.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

The optimal pharmacological reversal strategy for neuromuscular blockade remains undefined even in the setting of strong recommendations for quantitative neuromuscular monitoring by several national and international anesthesiology societies. We evaluated a protocol for managing rocuronium blockade and reversal, using quantitative monitoring to guide choice of reversal agent and to confirm full reversal before extubation.

METHODS:

We conducted a prospective cohort study and enrolled 200 patients scheduled for elective surgery involving the intraoperative use of rocuronium. Providers were asked to adhere to a protocol that was similar to local practice recommendations for neuromusculalr block reversal that had been used for >2 years; the protocol added quantitative monitoring that had not previously been routinely used at our institution. In this study, providers used electromyography-based quantitative monitoring. Pharmacological reversal was accomplished with neostigmine if the train-of-four (TOF) ratio was 0.40 to 0.89 and with sugammadex for deeper levels of blockade. The primary end point was the incidence of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (PRNB), defined as TOF ratio <0.9 at time of extubation. We further evaluated the difference in pharmacy costs had all patients been treated with sugammadex.

RESULTS:

A total of 189 patients completed the study: 66 patients (35%) were reversed with neostigmine, 90 patients (48%) with sugammadex, and 33 (17%) patients recovered spontaneously without pharmacological reversal. The overall incidence of residual paralysis was 0% (95% CI, 0–1.9). The total acquisition cost for all reversal drugs was United States dollar (USD) 11,358 (USD 60 per patient) while the cost would have been USD 19,312 (USD 103 per patient, 70% higher) if sugammadex had been used in all patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

A protocol that includes quantitative monitoring to guide reversal with neostigmine or sugammadex and to confirm TOF ratio ≥0.9 before extubation resulted in the complete prevention of PRNB. With current pricing of drugs, the selective use of sugammadex reduced the total cost of reversal drugs compared to the projected cost associated with routine use of sugammadex for all patients.
The Timing of Initiating Hydrocortisone and Long-term Mortality in Septic Shock
Authors: Zhang Luming , Gu Wan-Jie , Huang Tao , Lyu Jun , Yin Haiyan
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies on the association between the timing of corticosteroid administration and mortality in septic shock focused only on short-term mortality and produced conflicting results. We performed a retrospective review of a large administrative database of intensive care unit (ICU) patients to evaluate the association between the timing of hydrocortisone initiation and short- and long-term mortality in septic shock. We hypothesized that a longer duration between the first vasopressor use for sepsis and steroid initiation was associated with increased mortality.

METHODS:

Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart in the Intensive Care-IV database. We included adults who met Sepsis-3 definition for septic shock and received hydrocortisone. The exposure of interest was the time in hours from vasopressor use to hydrocortisone initiation (>12 as late and ≤12 as early). The primary outcome was 1-year mortality. Secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, 90-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between exposure and mortality. Competing risk regression models were used to evaluate the association between exposure and length of hospital stay.

RESULTS:

A total of 844 patients were included in this cohort: 553 in the early group and 291 in the late group. The median time to hydrocortisone initiation was 7 hours (interquartile range, 2.0–19.0 hours). After multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, we found that hydrocortisone initiation >12 hours after vasopressor use was associated with increased 1-year mortality when compared with initiation <12 hours (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–1.71; P = .002, E-value = 2.13). Hydrocortisone initiation >12 hours was also associated with increased 28-day, 90-day, and in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of hospital stay.

CONCLUSIONS:

In patients with septic shock, initiating hydrocortisone >12 hours after vasopressor use was associated with an increased risk of both short-term and long-term mortality, and a prolonged length of hospital stay.
The Intimacy of Labor
Authors: Resnick Elana
Published: May 2023

This essay rethinks writing on “intimate labor” to ethnographically explore the intimacy of labor by attending to how Romani women waste workers in Bulgaria assert workplace friendships to lay claim to public space and cultivate life-sustaining solidarities. Under conditions of racialized and degrading labor, they play with their uniformed hypervisibility, catcall white men on city streets, and temporarily unsettle normative expectations of womanhood. With this disruptive power of workplace intimacy, street sweepers use humor and play to create collective pleasure for themselves and one another. As they explain that they “die so that white Bulgarians can live,” they also use their friendships to generate pleasurable forms of living, what they term “anything else.”
Body Art in China: Yang Zhichao's Diary from a Psychiatric Ward
Authors: Strafella Giorgio , Berg Daria
Published: May 2023

This study aims to trace how artists in postsocialist China have adopted the discourse of body art and reshaped its import of sociopolitical criticality. In this article, “body art” implies the use of the human body as the primary material of artistic creation and the performance of actions of cruelty, modification, and endangerment on the artist's body. Through an engagement with theories of embodiment, biopolitics, and postsocialism, this article argues that body art represents one way in which the corporeal assumes a new centrality in China's post-1978 avant-garde and popular culture, as both a reappropriated territory of self-expression and an alienated object of consumption and surveillance. To do so, it discusses body art by Yang Zhichao 杨志超 (b. 1962), focusing in particular on a performance artwork titled Jiayuguan 嘉峪关 (Jiayu Pass, 1999 – 2000) and its documentation by the artist. As a result, this article shows how body art encapsulates the tension between dystopian negativity and regenerative potential at the heart of the postsocialist condition.
Flow Diverter Performance in Aneurysms Arising From the Posterior Communicating Artery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vivanco-Suarez Juan , Rodriguez-Calienes Aaron , Kan Peter T. , Wakhloo Ajay K. , Pereira Vitor M. , Hanel Ricardo , Lopes Demetrius Klee , Galecio-Castillo Milagros , Anil Susan , Farooqui Mudassir , Puri Ajit S. , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:

Flow diverters (FDs) have demonstrated a safe and effective profile. However, the use of FDs for posterior communicating artery (PComA) aneurysms remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of FDs for PComA aneurysms using a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

METHODS:

We performed a systematic search from inception until June 2022 for flow diversion in PComA aneurysms. Primary effectiveness was the rate of complete aneurysm occlusion defined by Raymond-Roy class 1. Primary safety outcomes were treatment-related ischemic/hemorrhagic (composite) events causing morbidity and mortality. Secondary safety was PComA patency at follow-up. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to calculate proportions, and statistical heterogeneity was assessed.

RESULTS:

A total of 13 studies with 397 patients harboring 403 aneurysms were included. Mean age was 48 years, and the mean aneurysm size was 5.3 mm. Most aneurysms were unruptured (65%). Complete occlusion at final follow-up was 73% (CI 66%-79%), and adjunctive coils were used in 10% of aneurysms. Retreatment rate was 2% (CI 0%-9%). The primary safety composite outcome was 4% (CI 3%-7%), and mortality was 1%. PComA patency at final follow-up was 76% (CI 57%-89%). Subgroup analysis, patients with fetal PComAs had a lower complete occlusion rate (42% fetal PComA vs 77%, p

subgroup

difference = <.01).

CONCLUSION:

The performance of FDs in PComA aneurysms is comparable with outcomes found in other subtypes of supraclinoid aneurysms. Effectiveness was acceptable and safety favorable. However, effectiveness was suboptimal in patients with fetal-type PComAs; alternative treatments should be considered in these cases.
Adipose triglyceride lipase promotes prostaglandin-dependent actin remodeling by regulating substrate release from lipid droplets
Authors: Giedt Michelle S. , Thomalla Jonathon M. , White Roger P. , Johnson Matthew R. , Lai Zon Weng , Tootle Tina L. , Welte Michael A.
Published: May 2023

Lipid droplets (LDs), crucial regulators of lipid metabolism, accumulate during oocyte development. However, their roles in fertility remain largely unknown. During Drosophila oogenesis, LD accumulation coincides with the actin remodeling necessary for follicle development. Loss of the LD-associated Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) disrupts both actin bundle formation and cortical actin integrity, an unusual phenotype also seen when the prostaglandin (PG) synthase Pxt is missing. Dominant genetic interactions and PG treatment of follicles indicate that ATGL acts upstream of Pxt to regulate actin remodeling. Our data suggest that ATGL releases arachidonic acid (AA) from LDs to serve as the substrate for PG synthesis. Lipidomic analysis detects AA-containing triglycerides in ovaries, and these are increased when ATGL is lost. High levels of exogenous AA block follicle development; this is enhanced by impairing LD formation and suppressed by reducing ATGL. Together, these data support the model that AA stored in LD triglycerides is released by ATGL to drive the production of PGs, which promote the actin remodeling necessary for follicle development. We speculate that this pathway is conserved across organisms to regulate oocyte development and promote fertility.
Impacts of ocean acidification and warming on post-larval growth and metabolism in two populations of the great scallop (Pecten maximus)
Authors: Harney Ewan , Rastrick Samuel P. S. , Artigaud Sebastien , Pisapia Julia , Bernay Benoit , Miner Philippe , Pichereau Vianney , Strand Øivind , Boudry Pierre , Charrier Gregory
Published: May 2023

Ocean acidification and warming are key stressors for many marine organisms. Some organisms display physiological acclimatization or plasticity, but this may vary across species ranges, especially if populations are adapted to local climatic conditions. Understanding how acclimatization potential varies among populations is therefore important in predicting species responses to climate change. We carried out a common garden experiment to investigate how different populations of the economically important great scallop (Pecten maximus) from France and Norway responded to variation in temperature and PCO2 concentration. After acclimation, post-larval scallops (spat) were reared for 31 days at one of two temperatures (13°C or 19°C) under either ambient or elevated PCO2 (pH 8.0 and pH 7.7). We combined measures of proteomic, metabolic and phenotypic traits to produce an integrative picture of how physiological plasticity varies between the populations. The proteome of French spat showed significant sensitivity to environmental variation, with 12 metabolic, structural and stress-response proteins responding to temperature and/or PCO2. Principal component analysis revealed seven energy metabolism proteins in French spat that were consistent with countering ROS stress under elevated temperature. Oxygen uptake in French spat did not change under elevated temperature but increased under elevated PCO2. In contrast, Norwegian spat reduced oxygen uptake under both elevated temperature and PCO2. Metabolic plasticity allows French scallops to maintain greater energy availability for growth compared with Norwegian spat. However, increased physiological plasticity and growth in French spat may come at a cost, as they showed reduced survival compared with Norwegian scallops under elevated temperature.
Diagnostic application of intraoral ultrasonography to assess furcation involvement in mandibular first molars
Authors: Tanaka Ray , Lau Katherine , Yeung Andy WK , Leung Wai Keung , Hayashi Takafumi , Bornstein Michael M. , Tonetti Maurizio S. , Pelekos George
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

The objectives were to clarify if intraoral ultrasonography (USG) is: (1) more accurate than conventional periodontal examinations in detection of furcation involvement, and (2) comparable to conventional periodontal examinations in accurate horizontal classification of furcation involvement in comparison to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:

The buccal furcation in 61 lower first molars were evaluated with conventional periodontal examinations, intraoral USG and CBCT. The presence and classification of the horizontal depth of furcation involvement were defined clinically by assessment with a Nabers periodontal probe and a periapical radiograph with reference to the bone loss under the fornix. The horizontal depth of furcation involvement was measured in intraoral USG and CBCT images. Based on the measurements, presence diagnosis and horizontal classification were performed. Results from conventional periodontal examinationsand intraoral USG were compared with those from CBCT.

Results:

κ value (κ) for agreement of presence diagnosis of furcation involvement between intraoral USG and CBCT was 0.792, while agreement with conventional periodontal examinations was 0.225. Diagnostic accuracy of intraoral USG exhibited higher values (sensitivity: 98.3%, accuracy: 98.4 %) than conventional periodontal examinations (81.4% and 81.9 %). Weighted κ statistics showed substantial agreement in the classification between intraoral USG and CBCT (κ = 0.674). High agreement (ICC: 0.914) for the measurement of horizontal depth of furcation involvement was found between intraoral USG and CBCT.

Conclusions:

Intraoral USG may be a reliable diagnostic tool for assessment of furcation involvement of mandibular molars with a similar performance to CBCT, but without ionizing radiation.
Συγγραφείς, κείμενα, θέματα
Authors: Αλαγκιοζίδης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: May 2023

Η μελέτη της αγιολογίας αποτελεί την απόδειξη της ζώσας εμπειρίας της Εκκλησίας καθότι ιστορούνται και περιγράφονται οι καρποί της αγιοπνευματικής παρουσίας στον κόσμο. Κέντρο της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η ανάδειξη της αγιολογικής γραμματείας της μεταβυζαντινής εποχής, ήτοι από την ημερομηνία ορόσημο της άλωσης της Κωνσταντινούπολης το έτος 1453 μέχρι την ημερομηνία της έναρξης της ελληνικής επανάστασης το έτος 1821. Η ανάδειξη και η καταγραφή των αγιολογικών έργων της περιόδου με την παράλληλη εξέταση των βιογραφικών σημειωμάτων των αγιολόγων εκείνων συγγραφέων που φιλοπόνησαν τούτη τη γραμματεία είναι ο μείζων σκοπός του πονήματος. Ωστόσο, στο δεύτερο μέρος επιχειρείται μια αναλυτική εξέταση των δεδομένων που συλλέχθηκαν με αποτέλεσμα την ποσοστοποίηση ανά κατηγορίες. Η ποσοστοποίηση αυτή συμβάλλει στην έρευνα ως ένα μεθοδολογικό εργαλείο διαχείρισης και ταξινόμησης των κειμένων της εξεταζόμενης περιόδου, με τέτοιο τρόπο ούτως ώστε ο αναγνώστης να πληροφορείται για τις αγιολογικές τάσεις κάθε αιώνα ξεχωριστά. Η αγιολογία της περιόδου εκ του αποτελέσματος επικεντρώνεται κυρίως στο γεγονός της αγιότητας και την προσπάθεια μίμησης των ηρώων της πίστης είτε της πρώτης χρυσής χιλιετίας του Χριστιανισμού, η οποία αναπαράγεται και εν πολλοίς ζυμώνεται στην εποχή είτε των παρόντων αιμάτινων χρόνων με τους νεομάρτυρες. Παρόλο που οι αιώνες της τουρκοκρατίας θεωρούνται εν πολλοίς σκοτεινοί διαπιστώνεται μέσω της έρευνας ότι ο Χριστιανισμός παρά τις ρεαλιστικές δυσκολίες των συνθηκών διαβίωσης και της συνακόλουθης δυσχέρειας ανάπτυξης πνευματικότητας, ανθίζει και δίνει γλυκείς και εύχυμους καρπούς τέτοιους που συμποσώνουν και αναδεικνύουν το ευαγγελικό μήνυμα και όλη σύσσωμη τη θεολογική παράδοση της πρώτης χιλιετίας, φυσικά με έμφαση εκείνης της Ανατολής, λόγω του μεγάλου σχίσματος της Εκκλησίας το έτος 1054.
Tranexamic acid for the prevention of postpartum bleeding: Protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors:   The Anti-fibrinolytics Trialists Collaborators – Obstetric Trialists Group, Ker Katharine , Shakur-Still Haleema , Sentilhes Loïc , Pacheco Luis D. , Saade George , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Brenner Amy , Mansukhani Raoul , Ageron François-Xavier , Prowse Danielle , Chaudhri Rizwana , Olayemi Oladapo , Roberts Ian
Published: May 2023

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces the risk of death and is recommended as a treatment for women with severe postpartum bleeding. There is hope that giving TXA shortly before or immediately after birth could prevent postpartum bleeding. Extending the use of TXA to prevent harmful postpartum bleeding could improve outcomes for millions of women; however we must carefully consider the balance of benefits and potential harms. This article describes the protocol for a systematic review and individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of TXA for preventing postpartum bleeding in all women giving birth, and to explore how the effects vary by underlying risk and other patient characteristics.  

Methods: We will search for prospectively registered, randomised controlled trials involving 500 patients or more assessing the effects of TXA in women giving birth. Two authors will extract data and assess risk of bias. IPD data will be sought from eligible trials. Primary outcomes will be life-threatening bleeding and thromboembolic events. We will use a one-stage model to analyse the data. Subgroup analyses will be conducted to explore whether the effectiveness and safety of TXA varies by underlying risk, type birth, maternal haemoglobin (Hb), and timing of TXA. This protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022345775). 

Conclusions: This systematic review and IPD meta-analysis will address important clinical questions about the effectiveness and safety of the use of TXA for the prevention of postpartum bleeding that cannot be answered reliably using aggregate data and will inform the decision of who to treat.  

PROSPERO registration: CRD42022345775 

Keywords  

Anti-fibrinolytics; Tranexamic acid; childbirth; postpartum haemorrhage; meta-analysis
Stakeholder’s perspectives and experiences of patient and public involvement (PPI) in clinical trials in maternal and neonatal healthcare: protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Hannon Kathleen , Eustace-Cook Jessica , Daly Déirdre , Smith Valerie
Published: May 2023

Background: Patient and public involvement (PPI) has the potential to improve the relevance of trial outcomes and improve participant recruitment within clinical trials. However, the literature on PPI approaches, outcomes, and attitudes towards PPI in specific clinical research areas is limited. We are interested to know the current approaches to and views of PPI within maternal and neonatal clinical trials, from the perspective and experience of involved stakeholders. 

Methods: A qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) of stakeholders’ perspectives and experiences of PPI will be conducted. Stakeholders will include any individual involved in maternal or neonatal clinical trials with experience of PPI in the area or who expresses their views on PPI. The electronic bibliographic databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Maternity and Infant Care (OVID) will be searched from inception. Qualitative studies, mixed-methods studies where the qualitative data can be extracted independently, and surveys with open-ended qualitative questions, will be included.

Aims: The QES seeks to explore stakeholders’, including PPI contributors, trial participants and guardians, and trial researchers, perspectives and experiences of PPI in maternal and neonatal clinical trials.

Discussion: THE QES will provide an understanding of how PPI is understood, operationalised and experienced by stakeholders in maternal and neonatal clinical trials, with the aim of identifying good practice and areas for improvement.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42023383878 (2nd March 2023)
Carbon pricing, health co-benefits and trade-offs: protocol for a systematic framework synthesis
Authors: Cuevas Soledad , Nachtigall Daniel , Aguilar Jaber Aimee , Belesova Kristine , Falconer Jane , Haines Andy , Whitmee Sarah , Reynolds Tamzin , Green Rosemary
Published: May 2023

Carbon pricing is considered an important instrument in the fight against climate change (World Bank, 2022). In particular, many experts and stakeholders have called for the implementation of carbon pricing as a part of ambitious climate policy agendas (Hepburn et al., 2020). This requires consideration of the interactions of carbon pricing with other policies, as well as of the societal outcomes of carbon pricing. In particular, carbon pricing has been found to have potentially large health impacts, leading to important co-benefits as well as potentially some trade-offs (Parry et al., 2014), (Hasegawa et al., 2018). Information on health impacts of carbon pricing, their distribution and how they are affected by policy design is necessary in order to progress towards more socially sustainable and politically feasible policy design.

Recent reviews have focussed on various aspects of carbon pricing design and outcomes, synthesizing evidence on its effectiveness, equity impacts or societal perception (Boyce, 2018), (Green, 2021), (Maestre-Andrés et al., 2019). Others have reviewed the evidence on health co-benefits of mitigation, but do not analyse specific policies or issues of policy design Gao et al.(2018).

This review will narratively synthesize the evidence on the health impacts of carbon pricing between 2010 and 2021 and identify gaps in the literature. We will use a framework synthesis approach to analyse different categories of policy-relevant information in contexts where carbon pricing is implemented as part of wider, coordinated policy agendas or complex policy mixes. This includes for example impacts on health inequalities and how health co-benefits are affected by issues of policy design and policy interactions.
Linked Cardiology records of the children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) From The University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust (UHBW) Heart-Suite (HS) dataset
Authors: Mumme Mark , Taylor Kurt , Boyd Andy , Macleod John
Published: May 2023

This data note describes the linked records of the index children of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort study found within the cardiology records of the University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust (UHBW) Heart-Suite (HS) dataset. It is important to note that ALSPAC only provided details of participants alive after one year of age, and who had allowed their data to be used for linking, which may have excluded a non-trivial, unknown, quantity from linking to the Bristol tertiary cardiac clinic database. These records were extracted from the computerised record system ‘Heart-Suite’ which is maintained by the Bristol Heart Institute (BHI) in UHBW based at Bristol Royal Infirmary (BRI). The Heart-Suite database is the case management system used by the BHI. A data extract was provided by the BHI data team to ALSPAC. The cleaned Heart-Suite records provide a dataset of specialist, clinical records of a subset of the ALSPAC cohort who were referred to the tertiary cardiac team at UHBW. These data can be linked to the wider ALSPAC dataset and made available to approved research users.
Pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat drug sensitive-tuberculosis in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs: An observational pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Nakijoba Ritah , Nakayiwa Kawuma Aida , Ojara Francis Williams , Tabwenda Jovia C. , Kyeyune Jacqueline , Turyamureba Christine , Peter Asiimwe Simon , Magoola Johnson , Castelnuovo Barbara , Buzibye Allan , Waitt Catriona
Published: May 2023

Background

Globally, more than half of women take medicines whilst breastfeeding. Data concerning the exposure of the breastfed infant to drugs and any related risks are sparce. Lactation studies are only rarely performed close to licensing for medicines anticipated to be widely used in women of childbearing age. Medicines taken by breastfeeding mothers on tuberculosis (TB) treatment can be transferred to the breastfed infant. Potential effects of anti-tuberculosis medicines on nursing infants are not well understood. Potential risks are the development of adverse drug effects in the breastfed infant and selection for resistance, whereas potential benefits might include exposure to potentially prophylactic concentrations of the drug. Pharmacokinetic studies are therefore necessary to understand this situation fully.

                                                                                             

Methods

This study will enroll 20 mothers receiving first-line anti-tuberculosis medicines, together with their breastfed infants, with the aim of characterizing the breastmilk transfer of the medicines from the mother to the infants. Samples of maternal blood, breastmilk and breastfeeding infant’s blood will be obtained at specific time points for bioanalysis of drug concentrations. Pharmacokinetic data will be analyzed using a population pharmacokinetic approach. Additionally, the study will assess the psychological status of breastfeeding women and the well-being of their infants. Maternal depression is linked to long-term negative consequences for the infant’s physiological regulation, poor growth-promoting setting for the infants, and inappropriate interactive conduct, characterized by low compassion, constrained range of emotional expression, and varying provision of the infant’s budding engagement.

Conclusions

This study will provide the first systematic characterization of mother-to-infant transfer of first-line anti-tuberculosis medicines through breast milk. A mathematical pharmacokinetics model characterizing plasma-to-breastmilk transfer of rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide will be developed and used to characterize infant exposure through breast milk. Our findings will contribute towards treatment optimization in breastfeeding and provide a framework to foster other lactation pharmacokinetic studies.
Learning for Spatial Branching: An Algorithm Selection Approach
Authors: Ghaddar Bissan , Gómez-Casares Ignacio , González-Díaz Julio , González-Rodríguez Brais , Pateiro-López Beatriz , Rodríguez-Ballesteros Sofía
Published: May 2023

The use of machine learning techniques to improve the performance of branch-and-bound optimization algorithms is a very active area in the context of mixed integer linear problems, but little has been done for nonlinear optimization. To bridge this gap, we develop a learning framework for spatial branching and show its efficacy in the context of the Reformulation-Linearization Technique for polynomial optimization problems. The proposed learning is performed offline, based on instance-specific features and with no computational overhead when solving new instances. Novel graph-based features are introduced, which turn out to play an important role for the learning. Experiments on different benchmark instances from the literature show that the learning-based branching rule significantly outperforms the standard rules.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor/Design & Analysis of Algorithms – Discrete.

Funding: This work was supported by Ivey Business School (David G. Burgoyne Faculty Fellowship); FEDER [MTM2014-60191-JIN]; Spanish Ministry of Education [FPU Grant 17/02643, FPU Grant 20/01555]; Conselleria de Cultura, Educacion e Universidade [ED431C 2021/24]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Discovery Grant 2017-04185]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology [MTM2017-87197-C3] and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [PID2021-124030NB-C32].
HELP INDIA! ABORDAGEM CRÍTICA DE UM LIVRO PARADIDÁTICO NAS AULAS DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Missagia Eliane Velloso , Dos Santos Caroline Martins
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo é fruto de atividades de leitura desenvolvidas pelas professoras - pesquisadoras em uma escola privada de ensino fundamental, cujo objetivo inicial era o de incentivar a leitura em língua inglesa de um livro paradidático. Dados os questionamentos acerca do enredo do livro e as questões culturais e ideológicas nele imbuídas, é iniciado um trabalho crítico-reflexivo com os alunos do 4º ano, a fim de desestabilizar conhecimentos acerca dos conceitos de língua e cultura. A partir da prática, teorias são acionadas de forma a justificar o trabalho de pré-leitura, leitura e pós- leitura, e refletir sobre o papel do professor de línguas enquanto desestabilizador do status quo. Após o trabalho com o livro, os alunos foram convidados a responder uma pergunta em uma atividade avaliativa interdisciplinar, comparando as personagens do livro paradidático de inglês com um livro adotado na disciplina de língua portuguesa. Essas respostas refletem as representações construídas pelos alunos no decorrer da leitura, as quais reforçam um paradigma pautado em relações desiguais de poder marcadas por relações coloniais.
ENHANCING POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS VIA A CONFLICT RESOLUTION APPROACH
Authors: Guiora Amos N. , Minutolo Marcel C. , Vargas Luis G. , Vargas Margaret , Zoffer H.J.
Published: May 2023

Despite calls for community-oriented policing and the recognition that it results in improved relationships between the police and community as well as improved public security outcomes, police-community relations are arguably at an all-time low. Part of the challenge in achieving enhanced police-community relations is a disparate understanding of what each party wants and what each party can provide as well as prioritizing these factors. We present a project that worked to improve police-community relations through a conflict resolution process using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The project was conducted with a group of police officers serving an urban, predominately African American community and representatives of the community over a period of several workshops. The workshops identified the goals, criteria, and objectives of each party as well as the perception of the other party’s goals, criteria, and objectives. The results of the meetings, the priorities generated, and similarities/divergences between them are presented.
Impact of ocean noise on mammalian life (case study: Samarinda waters)
Authors: Deswati Sri Ratih , Syahrir Muhammad , Mujiyanto Mujiyanto
Published: May 2023

Noise pollution, or unwanted sounds in the ocean, can have a negative impact on marine mammals, especially on their biological behaviour when hunting for prey and changes in diving habits when leaving their habitat. This noise study was carried out in the waters of Samarinda with the help of a passive system acoustic instrument, which captures the range of sound intensity in the water column and supporting data in the form of sound range and activity above sea level. The sound range of 38.10-78.60 dB (A) above the water surface is safe for both everyday activities and as a habitat for mammals. Similarly, the underwater sound intensity between 0.84 and 138.47 dB re 1 Pa falls within this range.  The noise condition in the study area is still expected. It can be used as an initial reference for the tolerance of sound intensity that applies to living things around the research location. The noise of the sea in Samarinda's waters has no effect on the lives of animals.Keywords:NoiseSound intensityMarine mammalHydrophoneSmartNoise
Marine debris in tourism area of Dodola Island Beach, Morotai Island District
Authors: Idrus Sukarmin , Aswan Marwis , Sumahi Sudin
Published: May 2023

Coastal and marine areas are very vulnerable to various pollution threats from human domestic activities (marine debris), industry (fishery management) and other activities. One of the the problems faced in the management of Dodola island tourism was marine debris. This study aims to determine the composition of marine debris generated from tourism activities. Futhermore this study was necessary as basic information to formulate appropriate strategies in managing marine debris. This research was conducted from August to September 2021. Observations were made by visual observation at porposive area. Analysis of the type and weight taken from the observed waste such as the number of pieces, weight, composition and density of solid waste and separated according to the type of organic and inorganic. This result showed inorganic waste such as plastic bottles and cups, plastic packages, Styrofoam, sandals/shoes, glass bottles, diapers, cardboard and aluminum cans with a total of 664 items or 58% pieces, while for organic waste consisting of wood, bamboo, coconut and nipa fruit and banana leaves, with the number of pieces as much as 473 items or 42%. Organic waste has a weight of 203,422 grams or 85% and organic marine waste is 35,915 grams or 15%. The types of organic waste with the highest and heaviest amounts were bamboo 70.51% and 73.77%. Meanwhile, the type of inorganic waste with the highest amount was plastic bottles/cups 79.17% and the heaviest type of waste was glass bottles 55.08%.Keywords:Marine debrisGPSOrganicInorganic
Biological aspects of squid (Loligo edulis) in the waters of Eastern North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Zulkifli Dadan , Suharti Ratna , Sihombing Yuni Fast Track Anjeli , Jabbar Meuthia Aula , Rahayu Siti Mira , Bramana Aditya , Irawan Hendra , Aulia Deni
Published: May 2023

Squid is one of the non-fish resources that have economic value and is a target species in demersal fisheries activities with squid fishing gear and stick-held deep net. This research aims to determine the biological aspects of squid (Loligo edulis) such as length frequency distribution, length-weight relationship, sex ratio, gonadal maturity level, gonadal maturity index, size at first caught, and size at first maturity of the gonads. The method used in this research was a descriptive survey. The sample collection method used systematic random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. This observation was carried out on March 7 to July 30, 2022, at the Belawan Ocean Fishing Port and Tanjung Balai Port. The results showed that the average length distribution of squid was 17.73 cm. The relationship between the length and weight of squid is negative allometric. The sex ratio is 1:1.05. The negative allometric growth pattern is dominated by Gonadal Maturity Level (GML) I and GML II. The highest GML value for male squid was 2.06% at GML III, and the highest GML value for female squid was 1.92% at GML III. The average size of the caught squid length (Lc) is 10.42 cm. The size of the first gonad maturity (Lc) was 13.32 cm.Keywords:SquidBiological aspectsFisheries aspectManagement effort
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Published: May 2023

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