bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blenderized Tube Feeding and Enterostomy Tube Occlusions Among Adults with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Primary Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Kariya Claire , Vardi Lisa
Published: September 2021

Adults with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) may develop swallowing difficulties and elect to receive an enterostomy feeding tube for nutrition support. Blenderized tube feeding (BTF) appeals to those interested in a homemade enteral nutrition option, but there are concerns of feeding tube occlusion and limited research on this potential risk. Therefore, our purpose was to determine the frequency of, and risk factors for, feeding tube occlusions among adults with ALS or PLS who use BTF. For this retrospective study, the electronic medical records of tube-fed adults with ALS or PLS who received outpatient care at a provincial ALS clinic during a two-year period were reviewed (n = 651). There were 97 tube-fed patients identified, of which 20 (21%) used BTF. Average duration of BTF use was 11.25 ± 7.5 months. Seven subjects (35%) used BTF exclusively, while 13 (65%) used a combination of BTF and commercial enteral formula. All received BTF by gastrostomy tube, sized 14 to 24 French. BTF administration methods and compliance with water flush recommendations varied. Despite the perceived risk of feeding tube occlusions with blenderized tube feeding, no occlusions were found to have occurred in this study.
Commentary: “Gluten Ataxia and their relationships with Celiac Disease and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity”
Authors: Rodrigo Luis
Published: September 2021

The word "ataxia" means etymologically, incoordination or clumsiness. It is a symptom, not a diagnosis in itself, or a clinical entity. The diseases that present it, have as a common denominator, the permanent presence of a progressive alteration of the balance, more evident when standing and walking, together with a lack of coordination of the extremities with movement, all accompanied by disorders of the language, consisting of a difficulty in pronouncing well, having to work much harder than usual, to achieve an understanding, especially with difficult words, or in prolonged conversations. The underlying lesion is located mainly at the level of the cerebellum, which is the part of the brain responsible for coordinating movements and the center of postural balance, as well as the language.
HERBAL COMMUNITY: Another consideration about Pharmacognosy
Authors: Murad Shah , Rafique Saima , Umar Abrar , Raouf Mahar Manal , Awan M Hyder , Sangi Sibghatullah
Published: September 2021

The metabolic disorders are main and increasing public-health and clinical challenge worldwide because of urbanization, excessive energy intake, increasing obesity, and sedentary life styles. According to International Diabetes Federation (IFD) diabetes is one of the major metabolic disorders and a dangerous risk factor for heart problems. Twenty five percent of the world’s adults have metabolic disorders. Recently in year 2013 the American Heart Association also reported that adults have abnormal serum lipid profile. Allopathic drugs used as hypolipidemic agents have number of unwanted effects. Herbal therapy for Hyperlipidemia is getting attention due to their less frequent side effects. In this study we have compared hypolipidemic effects of Fenofibrate 40 mg with Nigella sativa. Seventy five hyperlipidemic patients from National Hospital Lahore were enrolled for study. Consent was taken from all enrolled participants and were divided in three equal numbers ie; twenty five in each group. Group 1 was on Nigella sativa, group 2 was on Gemfibrozil and third group was on placebo therapy. They were advised to take drugs for two months. After completion of study pretreatment and post treatment values of LDL cholesterol were analyzed statistically. In 25 patients who were on Nigella sativa, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 191.14±3.45 to 159.40±2.98 mg/dl. 31.7 mg/dl LDL reduction was observed when compared with placebo group. In 25 patients who were on Fenofibrate 40 mg, their LDL cholesterol decreased from 197.77±3.91 mg/dl to 159.62±2.20 mg/dl. LDL reduction in this group was 38.2 mg/dl. These changes are highly significant with p-values of <0.001. We concluded from this study that hypolipidemic characteristic of Nigella sativa is comparable and therapeutically as effective as traditionally used hypolipidemic medication Fenofibrate.
Hydroxychloroquine and chronic renal failure
Authors: H. Toumi
Published: September 2021

In Algeria, the essentially hydroxychloroquine therapeutic protocol was adopted since March 23, 2020, to which patients with Covid-19 were subjected.
Evaluation of the ethnopolitical situation of the 7th–5th century BC in the Lower Kuban River region
Authors:   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, Goroncharovskiy Vl.
Published: September 2021

This paper is concerned with analysis of the ethnopolitical situation on the Taman Peninsula and on the Lower Kuban River at the early stage of the occupation of the territory of the Asiatic Bosporos by the Greeks. In the author’s version, the ethnonim ‘Sinds’ is related with one of the groups among the nomads of the Samara-Ural region which about in 530 BC, under the pressure of a new nomadic wave from the east (“Royal Scythians”) moved in the western direction and occupied the free area in the region of the Cimmerian Bosporos. By the beginning of the 5th century BC, the Sinds evidently attained a dominating position among the barbarian tribes on the Lower Kuban River and entered into a military-political alliance with neighbouring Bosporan cities directed against the Scythian expansion. Analysis of burial traditions allows us to associate with the Sinds not only the famous Semibratniye barrows but also a series of adobe tombs with burials of mounted warriors of the 5th century BC.
The spread of amber mushroom-shaped beads-pendants in the Volga and Kama region and indicators of the end of the late Sarmatian period
Authors:   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature, Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Brunch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnopeorov A.
Published: September 2021

This article discusses the question of chronological indicators of the late “catacomb” stage of the late Sarmatian culture and findings from the Volga and Kama region. Among the important indicators there are amber mushroom-shaped bead-pendants, small strongly profiled two-piece garter bow fibulae and two-piece bent garter fibulae. The available artefacts of the Sarmatian population are scanty already as far as in the Volga region but episodically occur in the Kama region where they constitute a basis for the chronology of the local antiquities.
An ossuary from the urban settlement site of Dal’varzintepa
Authors:   Institute of Art Studies / Fine Arts Institute AS of The Republic of Uzbekistan, Il’yasov J.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to a ceramic ossuary found at the urban settlement site of Dal’varzintepa (Southern Uzbekistan) in a burial structure — a crypt cut into the thickness of a swollen city wall of the Kushan period. The ossuary rite was not typical for the Early Medieval Northern Tokharistan, and so the find is unique and of great interest. The author has attempted to explain the reasons for the appearance of this artifact in Dal’varzintepa.
The Oxian cantons of Sogdiana in Chinese historical sources
Authors:   The State Hermitage Museum, Lurje P.
Published: September 2021

The article proposes localization and explanation of two western cantons of Sogd according to the Chinese sources. Mu or Wudi corresponds to Āmul and Unahe to Karkōh. It is appended by the edition of fragmented Sogdian inscription from Köshk Zohra-Tahir on the Amu-Darya river.
New evidence on the so-called Caravanserai of Koneurgench
Authors:   National department of protection, research and restoration of historical and cultural sites, Mamedov M. , Muradova E. ,   National department of protection, research and restoration of historical and cultural sites
Published: September 2021

This paper presents preliminary results of the archaeological investigation of the so-called Caravanserai of Koneurgench. The beginning of its construction is dated to the boundary between the 12th and 13th century. Having been severely damaged in the course of the Mongolian invasion it was reconstructed in the first third of the 14th century and finally destroyed during the devastation of the town by Timur in 1388. The question about the purpose of this building is not definitely solved but, in terms of typology, it is similar to the multi-column jumah mosque or a mosque with a courtyard layout.
Giant-settlements of Tripolye–Cucuteni: problems and prospects of the immediate investigations
Authors:   Stieglitz State Academy of Arts and Design, Palaguta I.
Published: September 2021

This paper is a review of the most recent investigations of the giant-settlements of the Tripolye culture which was developing in the south of East Europe in the 5th–4th millennium BC. Results of magnetometric surveys and their interpretations are considered, as well as the hypothetic reconstructions of the sequence of formation of these sites. Critical analysis was conducted on the proposed concepts, including the hypothesis about the giant-settlements as “places of pilgrimage”; particular characteristic features of the art of this period of Tripolye are presented.
Three new genera of Oriental scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England, DISNEY R. Henry L.
Published: September 2021

The Oriental Hippaphora viklundi gen. nov. sp. nov. female, Obscurcaudaphora maculafemoralis gen. nov. sp. nov. male and Tendcornphora microgenitalis gen. nov. sp male, are described.
State of knowledge of the tachinid fauna of Eastern Asia, with new data from North Korea. Part V. Exoristinae
Authors:   Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa, DRABER-MOŃKO Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

The present paper is a continuation of earlier papers concerning the Tachinidae collected in North Korea by six expeditions of researchers from the Institute of Zoology PAS, Warsaw, Poland. Twenty four species representing 20 genera of the subfamily Exoristinae have been identified in the material collected. Eighteen species are reported in the fauna of Korea for the first time.
Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Apiformes) of the Kujawy Lakeland (central Poland)
Authors:   Department of Ecology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 12 Ossolińskich Av.,  85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland, BANASZAK Józef , SOBIERAJ-BETLIŃSKA Anna
Published: September 2021

Bee diversity was studied in 14 habitats in 7 localities in the Kujawy Lakeland (Pojezierze Kujawskie) in central Poland. Additionally, we investigated the species diversity and phenology of bumblebees on red clover (Trifolium pratense). In total, 146 bee species were recorded in the study area, accounting for 30.7% of bee species reported from Poland so far and 46.2% of bee species known from the Wielkopolska-Kujawy Lowland (Nizina Wielkopolsko-Kujawska). These include 14 red-listed species.
New data on the occurrence of terrestrial true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) in Pieniny Mountains
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40-007  Katowice, Poland, TASZAKOWSK Artur , PASIŃSKA Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

The results on studies of the fauna of true bugs are presented. The research was conducted in the years 2005–2008 in the Pieniny Mountains. A list of 71 species, mainly belonging to the family Miridae, is presented. Among the identified specimens such rare species in Poland as Eurycolpus flaveolus, Stenodema sericans and Berytinus signoreti deserve a special interest. Features that distinguish very similar species, such as Lygus wagneri and L. punctatus, are given.
New records of several rare spider species (Araneae) from south-eastern Poland
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of Maria Curie-Skłodowska, Akademicka 19 Str., 20-033 Lublin, Poland, ROZWAŁKA Robert , OLBRYCHT Tomasz ,   Agroecology Team, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszów, M. Ćwiklińskiej 1a Str., 35-601  Rzeszów, Poland
Published: September 2021

The paper presents new data on seven rare spider species in Poland: Anelosimus vittatus, Clubiona corticalis, Nusoncus nasutus, Pocadicnemis carpatica, Pseudicius encarpatus, Pseudomaro aenigmaticus and Talavera thorelli. Their current locations is presented on maps. Moreover, the figures illustrating the main diagnostic features of Clubiona corticalis, Pseudomaro aenigmaticus and Talavera thorelli are included.
Notes on the occurrence of Acetropis Fieber, 1858 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) in Poland, with a key to Polish species
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice,  Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland, TASZAKOWSKI Artur , GIERLASIŃSKI Grzegorz
Published: September 2021

In Poland the genus Acetropis Fieber, 1858 is represented by three species: A. carinata (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1841), A. gimmerthalii (Flor, 1860) and A. longirostris Puton, 1875. The paper presents illustrated key for the identification of mentioned species, new localities in Poland and the range of their distribution in Palaearctic Region. Additional information on the biology of all species is provided.
Distribution of the European water vole Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758) in Mazowsze and southern Podlasie
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland, LESIŃSKI Grzegorz , KOWALSKI Marek ,   Wildlife Society “Stork”, Jagiełły 11, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland, STOLARZ Przemysław ,   Center for Human Ecology, Kościuszki 24, 05-075 Warsaw-Wesoła, Poland, GRYZ Jakub ,   Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland, KRAUZE-GRYZ Dagny ,   Faculty of Forestry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland, ROMANOWSKI Jerzy ,   Faculty of Biology and Environmental Studies, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
Published: September 2021

The paper presents distribution of the European water vole Arvicola amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758) in Mazowsze and southern Podlasie in areas situated within a 120-kilometer radius from Warsaw. Data published so far and unpublished results from analyses of the diet of three common species of owls were set up. The rodent is rare in the study area, especially when compared with southern, western and far northern Poland. Its largest population lives in Kampinos Forest, from where many localities are known. In other parts of the study area it is present locally. Only 14 localities were known outside Kampinos Forest in the years 2000–2017. It is even absent from large areas rich in various water bodies like e.g. Mazowiecki and Chojnowski Landscape Parks or Bolimowska Forest. Rarity of the European water vole was confirmed by 235 large samples of owls’ food (at least 100 of vertebrate prey in each) equally distributed across Mazowsze and southern Podlasie, in which this species was not found.
Relación entre autoestima y estrategias de regulación emocional en estudiantes con alta capacidad que participan de un programa de enriquecimiento extracurricular chileno
Authors: Navarro Saldaña Gracia , Flores-Oyarzo Gabriela , Rivera Illanes Josefina
Published: September 2021

Global self-esteem and Emotional Regulation contribute to the well-being, social adaptation and comprehensive development of people, both of which are scarcely studied in Gifted students, especifically in the Chilean and Latin American context, hence their importance. This study seeks to identify the level of global self-esteem, recognize the emotional regulation strategy used and the relationship between global self-esteem and emotional regulation strategies in 37 Gifted students participants in a Chilean extracurricular enrichment program. To this effect, the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale for children and young people, in Gorostegui's version, and the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire for children and adolescents (ERQ-CA), version revised by Gullone and Taffe (2012) are used. A descriptive analysis and a correlation analysis of variables are carried out, revealing that these students have adequate levels of global self-esteem, mostly use cognitive reassessment as an emotional regulation strategy, and there is a statistically significant negative correlation between global self-esteem and expressive suppression. This study becomes a contribution to the knowledge of socio-affective qualities of Gifted students and highlights the relevance of creating educational spaces focused on the satisfaction of their needs in a comprehensive and systematic manner.
ART COMMUNICATION LANGUAGE AND THE ANALYSİS OF MUHSİN KUT’S WORKS
Authors: YAYAN Gonca , EVSEL Vildan
Published: September 2021

In every geography where people live, besides their efforts to meet their mandatory needs, people also put forward their first artistic products. While carving the rocks, the first humans expressed their feelings, what they thought, saw, and lived, and made various descriptions. Thus, the foundations of the art of painting were laid and the colors discovered. In fact, human beings, who are innately creative, have searched for permanent ways to express their feelings, thoughts and wishes as well as their battles and successes, and transfer them to the future generations. In this way, various artistic works that developed from simple pictures to symbolic forms and letter sequences were created. The communication established in this way with art also started a process of exchange of messages between individuals and groups. This exchange, which plays an active role in the interaction of people with each other, has appeared in every situation as a social consequence of being a receiver and a giver. Because the most important elements of communication are formed with these forms of expression, which are realized in written, verbal, visual and auditory terms between the receiver and the transmitter. Today, many artists create works by using the universal language of symbols, by attributing their own meanings to many contents with commonsymbolism, objects and colors. Effective communication between societies with art is also ensured through the symbolic forms used. With this research, it is aimed to examine and evaluate the works of artist Muhsin Kut, who presents different thematic perspectives with his paintings with and without figures containing social themes, in terms of their technical and aesthetic features. The research was carried out with document analysis (literature review) method, which is one of the qualitative research types. Today, many artists create works by using the universal language of symbols by attributing their own meanings to many content with common symbolism, objects and colors. Through the symbolic forms used, an effective communication between societies with art is also ensured. With this research, it is aimed to examine and evaluate the works of the artist Muhsin Kut, who presents different thematic perspectives with his social paintings with and without figures, in terms of their technical and aesthetic features.
CHANGE ENGINEERING AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF CHANGE ENGINEERING WITH MODERN MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
Authors: AĞIN Kaya
Published: September 2021

Global growth and change strategies force organizations to change their management systems. Organizations that want to survive and be successful today apre trying to implementmodern management systems under their own management. Thus, they want to continue their existence in a competitive environment by adapting to changing and developing conditions. Organizations that realize the fact that change is a necessity, we see that they renew their organizational structure, systems and processes in order to compete in global markets. Reengineering is one of these methods. The pressure of competition has made system change. compulsory in organizations Reengineering, like other modern management techniques, aims to radically change the organizational management system, processes and policies in order to increase organizational performance. Reengineering is considered to be closely related to total quality management practice. Total quality management aims at customer satisfaction. Reengineering focuses on how to implement it. Organizations, reengineering management system applications will increase organizational performance. In this study, the theoretical framework of reengineering will be conceptually examined and its relations with total quality management will be revealed. Keywords: Change management, Reengineering, Globalization
AZERBAIJAN FOREIGN TRADE AFTER INDEPENDENCE AND THE DIMENSION OF COMMERCIAL RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND AZERBAIJAN IN RECENT YEARS
Authors: SÖKMEN GÜRÇAM Özlem
Published: September 2021

Declaring its independence in 1991, Azerbaijan faced many economic, financial and political problems, but since 1995 the country has grown substantially. The most important economic power in the country is on oil, natural gas and suitable agricultural lands. After Azerbaijan gained its independence, it started to search for markets and headed for foreign trade and in this way continued its dependence in the region. In the first years of its independence, a significant share of the country's foreign trade was with the Commonwealth of Independent States. In foreign trade, the country has an important share, especially in terms of oil and natural gas exports. Since Azerbaijan exports more than its imports every year, it is a country that gives a surplus in foreign trade balance. Turkey was the first country that accepts the independence of Azerbaijan. Declared the independence of Azerbaijan and Turkey should accept the independence of both political and economic issues of both countries have shown they are friendly. Current conjuncture in Turkey and Azerbaijan as a nation they were two brothers and two friendly states with state motto always wished they bring. It was first represented as Consulate and the Embassy of Azerbaijan in Turkey. Also at the same time, economic relations and trade relations have kept alive only Azerbaijan political relations with Turkey aimed at animation. For this reason, the two countries have signed a Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement. Trade relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan still maintains its sustainability today. This study examines the foreign trade of Azerbaijan's economy in the coming period and the course has a very significant share of the Azerbaijan foreign trade with Turkey until today. Keywords: Foreign Trade, Export, Import, Azerbaijan and Turkey.
AS A RESULT OF THE TRANSFORMATION IN PRODUCTION RELATIONS, THE SEARCH FOR A NEW VISION IN TURKISH LABOR UNIONISM
Authors: AYYILDIZ Sedat
Published: September 2021

After experiencing its half-century golden period between 1950-2000, the system of trade unionism and collective bargaining, which arose with the concern of turning the class political struggle, which entered the agenda of humanity into a peaceful situation, faced a crisis of existence and function. A change in the understanding of Labor Relations and Business Management, a change in the perspective of working and production with modern human resource management techniques, has led to the need to reproduce the system of trade unionism and collective bargaining. Globalization, international competition and small businesses succumbing to mass production have led to trade union monopolism and cumbersome organizations. Trade union organizations have fallen behind the human resource vision they represent and have begun to fade in the trap of wage unionism. This led to a trend of changes in the way trade unionism was conducted, but the components of new trade unionism did not fall into place. The traditional collective bargaining system, which can find a living space thanks to the introduction of wage costs against the price-quality-sales performance in production, has had to express itself again as this cycle begins to be questioned. The main concerns about trade unionism have changed as follows: It has become vital that unionism is peace-oriented rather than fight-oriented, compromise-oriented rather than debate-oriented, solution-oriented rather than Problem-Oriented, Development and life-oriented rather than wage-oriented, strategy and employment-oriented rather than bargaining-oriented. Therefore, especially in trade unionism, it is clear that there is a need for “trade unionism and community bargaining system reform”, which begins with the qualifications and election times of trade union managers and extends to managing flexible working models and from there to the correct perception and correct interpretation of international company relations and paves the way for entrepreneurship. Keywords: Trade Unionism, Collective Bargaining, Labor, Industrial Relations, Productivity, Innovation, Human Resources
A VIEW OF THE ORIGIN OF RACE AND LANGUAGES ACCORDING TO THE QUR&AN (IN THE CONTEXT OF 22ND VERSE OF SURAH RUM)
Authors: IŞIK Şemsettin
Published: September 2021

A View Of The Origin Of Race And Languages According To The Qur'an (In The Context Of 22nd Verse Of Surah Rum) After Almighty Allah has made the earth livable, He has announced that He will create a human being there. Then the angels expressed their displeasure, but the Prophet. He created Adam and his wife as the first ancestor of men. Subsequently, they took them to a preparatory camp, equipped them with the necessary knowledge and skills for possible situations, and made them available through a language-like communication to express their feelings and thoughts. In addition to these features, it also granted the possibility to share the divine and human data in written or verbal form. Hz. Adam and his wife were then sent to earth and the divine program began to work for the proliferation of prophets. In this way, different races and languages have emerged as the result of the incarnation of the appropriate time and ground, as a giant tree is formed from a small fig seed. This event pointed out that, on one side, it is desirable to meet and meet people and on the other, it is one of the proofs of the Creator's existence. In this study, the formation of races and languages is examined and examined in the context of the 22nd verse of Surah Rum, within the framework of the whole view of the Holy Quran. We are encouraged by this study to have similar words among some languages and to follow the different colors and races in the same nature without interruption. Keywords: Adam, Noah, Races, Languages, Code.
Empirical regularities investigation of rock mass discharge by explosion on the free surface of a pit bench
Authors: Alenichev Igor , Rakhmanov Ruslan
Published: September 2021

Minimizing the discharge of blasted rock mass into the developed space of the pit is a very relevant area for study, as it allows to increase the processability of work and reduce the cost of mining. The article presents the results of experimental industrial explosions, during which the study of this issue was conducted. The main purpose of the work was to establish the key factors affecting the volume of rock mass discharge to the pit haulage berm. During the analysis of the world experience of research on this topic, the key factors affecting the formation of collapse and discharge – natural and technological – are identified. The method of conducting experiments and collecting data for analyzing the influence of technological parameters of location, charging and initiation of wells on the volume of rock mass discharge is described. It is established that the main discharge to the pit haulage berm is formed by the volume of rock mass limited by the prism of the slope angle. With a sufficient rock mass displacement from the edge of the bench crest towards the center of the block, only the wells of the 1st and 2nd rows participate in the discharge formation. Empirical dependences of the total volume of rock mass discharge on the length of the block along the bench crest, the specific consumption of explosives, the size of a rock piece P50 and the rate of rock breaking are obtained. The obtained results can be used to design the parameters of the drilling and blasting operations (DBO), as well as to predict and evaluate the possible consequences of a mass explosion in similar mining and geological conditions.
Developing features of the near-bottomhole zones in productive formations at fields with high gas saturation of formation oil
Authors: Galkin Vladislav , Martyushev Dmitry , Ponomareva Inna , Chernykh Irina
Published: September 2021

The article studies the formation features of the bottomhole zones in productive formations during operation of production wells in the north of the Perm Territory. Their distinctive feature is the high gas saturation of formation oil. The most widely used parameter in Russian and world practice – the skin factor was used as a criterion characterizing the state of the bottomhole zone. Analysis of scientific publications has shown that one of the main problems of applying the skin factor to assess the state of bottomhole zones is the ambiguity of interpretations of its physical meaning and the impossibility of identifying the prevailing factors that form its value. The paper proposes an approach to identifying such factors in the conditions of the fields under consideration, based on multivariate correlation-regression analysis. Choice of this tool is due to the complexity of the processes occurring in the “formation – bottomhole zone – well” system. When describing complex multifactorial processes, the chosen method demonstrates a high degree of reliability. For a large number of wells in the region, significant material was collected and summarized, including the results of determining the skin factor (1102 values) during hydrodynamic investigations, as well as data on the values ​​of various geological and technological indicators, which can probably be statistically related to the value of the skin factor. A series of multidimensional mathematical models has been built; the skin factor was used as a predicted parameter, and data on the values ​​of geological and technological indicators were used as independent indicators. Analysis of the constructed models is a key stage of this study. Set of parameters included in the multidimensional models, sequence of their inclusion and contribution to the total value of the achieved determination coefficient as the main indicator for the performance of the constructed models were studied. It has been established that the main factor influencing the state of the bottomhole zone is oil degassing. Significant differences in the formation features of the skin factor in the terrigenous and carbonate sediments at the fields under consideration have been determined.
A fada dos olhos grandes: proporção inversa nos “Fragmentos” de Almada Negreiros
Authors: Reis Amândio
Published: September 2021

Este estudo propõe uma primeira leitura do conjunto dos sete “Fragmentos” narrativos de Almada Negreiros, publicado apenas em 2002 na colecção das suas Ficções. Descentrando a atenção oferecida aos textos mais proeminentes e debatidos da obra do autor, adopta-se uma abordagem mista que combina, por um lado, uma revisão dos filões principais da crítica do fragmento e das formas breves, e, por outro lado, uma leitura próxima dos textos aqui considerados. Analisando a criação de seres e objectos textuais ao longo destas ficções fragmentárias, conclui-se que a proporção inversa — mais do que a lacuna ou a elipse habitualmente invocadas — é o conceito primordial na ideia de fragmento para Almada. Este conceito é alegorizado naqueles seres e objectos metaliterários enquanto figura e performance, isto é, demonstração em acto, da sua própria teoria e, por extensão, da teoria da ficção do autor.
Rui Nunes, ou a pequena história dos gestos
Authors: Barbosa Martins Diogo André
Published: September 2021

Na literatura portuguesa contemporânea, Rui Nunes (n. 1945) destaca-se pela singularidade inclassificável da sua escrita, na qual a crise da representação do humano, da identidade, do corpo, é levada a uma zona limite que torna indiscerníveis, porque mutuamente implicados, uma radical crise genológica e as fragilidades físicas do próprio autor: uma miopia progressiva leva-o a exacerbar a monstruosidade do pormenor, do descontínuo e do fragmento, em detrimento das “grandes coesões” textuais, orgânicas ou metafísicas. Desfazendo o mundo, dos objectos às personagens, em “escombros” e “ruínas”, o humano é reconduzido ao absurdo da “carne”, esvaziada de qualquer fundamento ontológico. É essa escrita-olhar que está no âmago deste ensaio, articulando-se, para o efeito, com o “momento qualquer” na literatura segundo Jacques Rancière, o poeta Henri Lefebvre, um poema de Rilke e o problema do “corpo paliativo” segundo Byung-Chul Han.
أساليب المعاملة الوالدية وعلاقتها بالسلوك الاستقوائي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: Noori Noor Badri
Published: September 2021

يهدف  البحث الى معرفة العلاقة الارتباطية بين أساليب المعاملة الوالديّة والسلوك الاستقوائيّ عند  طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة.

ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اعتمدت الباحثة مقياس أساليب المعاملة الوالديّة المعد سنة (2008) من لدُن البازي والمكون من أربعة أساليب (الديمقراطي، التسلطي، الحماية الزائدة، الإهمال)، وللمقياس صورتان متماثلتان الأولى للأب والثانية للأم، ويتألف من (25) فقرة موزعة على الأساليب الأربعة وبأربعة بدائل للإجابة مصاغة بأسلوب المواقف اللفظية، ومقياس السلوك الاستقوائيّ المعد سنة (2012) من لدُن حميد والمكون من ثلاثة مجالات (الجسمي، اللفظي، النفسي)، يتألف المقياس من (44) فقرة موزعة على مجالات المقياس الثلاثة وعلى النحو الآتي (14، 14، 16)، وبتدرج بدائل ثلاثية (ينطبق علي بدرجة كبيرة، ينطبق علي الى حد ما، لا ينطبق علي ابداً). وقد تحققت الباحثة من الصدق والثبات للمقياسين.

جرى تطبيق المقياسين على عينة البحث البالغ عددها (200) طالب وطالبة من طلاب الصف الثالث متوسط التابعين الى المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد الكرخ/3 للعام الدراسي 2020-2021، وجرى اختيارهم بشكلٍ عشوائيّ من مجتمع البحث. وبعد جمع البيانات وتحليلها احصائياً توصلت الباحثة إلى النتائج الآتية:

ان الأسلوب الديمقراطي هو الأسلوب السائد، يليه الأسلوب التسلطي، ثم أسلوب الإهمال، ثم أسلوب الحماية الزائدة، وأن عينة البحث الحالي المتمثلة بطلبة الصف الثالث متوسط لا يمارسون السلوك الاستقوائي على زملائهم، كما أظهرت النتائج ضعف العلاقة الارتباطية بين أساليب المعاملة الوالديّة (الديمقراطي، التسلطي، الحماية الزائدة، الإهمال) والسلوك الاستقوائي، وعدم وجود فرق دال احصائياً في العلاقة بين المفهومين.

وفي ضوء نتائج البحث الحالي وضعت الباحثة مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
أسّس النظريّة الاجتماعيّة لفيبر
Authors: Jawad Hadeer Hassan , Al-Khalidi Mohammed Abdullah
Published: September 2021

يدرس هذا البحث ماهيّة علم الاجتماع عند فيبر، وقد تطرقت فيه لدراسته لعلم الاجتماع لمقولات أساسيّة عدّة ساعدت في تحديد ملامح النظريّة الاجتماعيّة التي سعى عن طريقها إلى بناء أنموذج مثاليّ يخدم عن طريقه الظاهرة أو القضية المراد بحثها. ومن أهم هذه المقولات: الفهم, والمعنى, والتفسير السببيّ, والفعل الاجتماعيّ, والأنموذج المثاليّ, وأخيرًا العلاقات الاجتماعيّة. يحاول فيبر عن طريق أفكاره السوسيولوجيّة إلى ربط الفلسفة النظريّة بالممارسة الاجتماعيّة وذلك على وفق المنهج العقلاني الذي عدّ الركيزة الأساسيّة التي بنى عليه أفكاره. ويحاول عن طريق هذا البحث أنَّ يبين ما تتركه الأفعال الإنسانيّة من أثر في الآخرين والمجتمع.
ملك الوركاء سين- كاشد
Authors: Mohamed Wasan Jasim
Published: September 2021

يتطرق هذا البحث إلى واحدة من الشخصات الملكية التي كان لها تأثيراً مهما في تأريخ بلاد الرافدين القديمة، وتتمثل هذه الشخصية بالملك سين-كاشد (1833-1865ق.م)، الذي كان يأتي على رأسها حاكما للوركاء ابان مدة العصر البابلي القديم(2004-1595ق.م)، فهذا الملم قد نال شهرة كبيرة في مدينة الوركاء بشكل خاص، وبلاد الرافدين بشكل عام، وذلك بما قام به من منجزات سياسية وعمرانية يأتي تحريره للوركاء من سيطرة ونفوذ ملوك مدينة لارسا المعاصرة للوركاء، ومن ثم تأسيسه لسلالة حاكمة بزعامته، لحكم الوركاء بشكل مستقل بدءا من نحو عام (1865ق.م).
أثر استراتيجية حدائق الافكار في اكتساب المفاهيم النفسية عند طلاب الصف الخامس الادبي وتنمية تفكيرهم المنطقي
Authors: AL-Haddad Bakr Farooq Sulaiman , Al-Samurai Qusay Mohammad Latif
Published: September 2021

يرمي هذا البحث إلى التعرف على (أثر استراتيجية حدائق الأفكار في اكتساب المفاهيم النفسية عند طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي وتنمية تفكيرهم المنطقي) ولتحقيق هدف البحث وضع الباحث فرضيات صفرية واعتمد الباحث المنهج التجريبي ذا المجموعتين المتكافئتين التجريبية والضابطة واختارت عينة من طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في سامراء بصورة قصدية واختيرت ثانوية (دبي) للبنين وثانوية (الزهراوي) للبنين بالطريقة العشوائية البسيطة.

المجموعة التجريبية وعدد طلابها (30) طالباً يدرسون مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس باستراتيجية حدائق الافكار.

المجموعة الضابطة وعدد طلابها (30) طالباً يدرسون مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس بالطريقة التقليدية.

وكافأ الباحث بين مجموعتي البحث في المتغيــــــــــــــرات (الذكاء، العمر الزمني، معدل الدرجات للعام السابق للصف الرابع الأدبي، التحصيل الدراسي للأب، التحصيل الدراســـــــــي للأم ,التفكير المنطقي)، وبعد أن حدد الباحث المادة العلمية المراد تدريسها التي اشتملت عليها مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس للصف الخامس الأدبي المقرر تدريسه للعام الدراسي (2020-2021) وفي ضوء ذلك أعد الباحث أهدافاً سلوكية والبالغ عددها (79) هدفاً بحسب مستويات بلوم (تذكر، فهم، تطبيق، تحليل) وأعد خططاً تدريسية بواقع (16) خطة يومية لكل مجموعة من مجموعتي البحث. وأعد الباحث اختباراً لاكتساب المفاهيم  من نوع  (الاختيار من متعدد)  تكون من (30) فقرة بعد ان حددت (10) مفاهيم للمادة الدراسية واختباراً لمهارات التفكير المنطقي والبالغة (28) فقرة ضمن أربعة مهارات او مجالات هي (منطق القضايا , المحاكمة العقلية المنطقية , التفكير الاستنباطي الفرضي , العلاقة بين الاحتمالية والواقعية) وقد تم التحقق من صدقه( الظاهري والمحتوى) وقوته التمييزية ومعامل صعوبته وفعالية البدائل الخاطئة، أما الثبات فقد تم استخراجه بطريقتي معادلة (كودر- ريدشاردسون- 20) و(الفا-كرونباخ)، استمرت إجراءات التجربة (10) أسابيع طبق في نهايتها اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم البعدي وبعد يومين تم تطبيق الاختبار لقياس مهارات التفكير المنطقي واستعمل الباحث الوسائل الإحصائية المناسبة وأسفرت الدراسة عن النتائج الآتية :

تفوق المجموعة التجريبية التي درست باستراتيجية (حدائق الافكار) في اكتساب المفاهيم على المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة التقليدية.

تفوق المجموعة التجريبية التي درست باستراتيجية (حدائق الافكار) بالتفكير المنطقي على المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة التقليدية.

واختتمت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات التي قد يفيد منها المعنيون في المناهج وطرائق التدريس منها

اعتماد استراتيجية (حدائق الافكار) في تدريس مادة مبادئ الفلسفة وعلم النفس للمرحلة الإعدادية لما لها من أهمية في اكتساب المفاهيم والتفكير المنطقي.

ضرورة توجيه مديريات التربية على تدريب ملاكاتها التدريسية على استعمال استراتيجيات التدريس الحديثة ولاسيَّما استراتيجية (حدائق الأفكار).
التركيب في اللغة السريانية: مفهومه، طرق صياغته، أنواعه، وظائفه اللغوية
Authors: Rauf Manhal Senhareeb , Mohammad Laith Hassan
Published: September 2021

يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على إحدى الظواهر اللغوية وهي ظاهرة "التركيب"، من حيث مفهومها ونشأتها وقدمها وتصنيفها وضوابطها، ومن ثم يتطرق البحث إلى طرق صياغة التركيب وأنواعه ووظائفه في اللغات السامية الثلاث: السريانية والعربية والعبرية، عن طريق استخدام أسلوب المقارنة اللغوية بين تلك اللغات. ويعد التركيب من موارد الاختصار في ألفاظ اللغات وعباراتها، ومراده: ضم مفردتين بعضهما إلى بعض من دون أن يحذف منهما شيء لتكوين مفردة جديدة تحمل معنى اللفظتين بصيغة واحدة. ومن ذلك مصطلح (برمائي) و(رجل أعمال) وما إلى ذلك. وقد توهم أغلب المحدثين بعدّهم التركيب نحتاً أو النحت تركيباً في حين أن الفارق بينهما واضح، فالنحت يحذف من المفردات المساهمة في تشكيل المفردة الجديدة: المنحوتة، حرفاً أو حرفين أو أكثر، في حين تبقى المفردتان المشكلتان للتركيب على حالهما من دون حذف. وتجدر الإشارة هنا إلى ما يذكره النحاة ويؤكدونه بشأن التركيب وهو أنه: خلاف الأصل، إذ الأصل في المفردات الإفراد، لذا لا يحكم على مفردة بالتركيب ما لم يوجد دليل قاطع على ذلك. والتركيب يكون في الأسماء والحروف دون الأفعال، قال ابن عصفور: "لم يوجد في الأفعال ما هو مركب". والمركب عند الفلاسفة وأهل المنطق ما يدل جزء لفظه على جزء معناه. وعند النحويين "ما تركب من مفردتين فأكثر". وذكر الشيخ العطار في حاشيته على شرح الأزهرية أن أكثر النحاة على أن المفرد ما تُلفِظَ به مرة واحدة، والمركب ما تلفظ به مرتين. والواقع أن المركب لا يتلفظ به مرتين وإنما مرة واحدة كالمفرد، ولكن لأنه يتلفظ بكل جزء من أجزائه – وأقلّ ما يتألف المركب من جزأين – جُعلَ التلفظ بجزئه تلفظاً بكلّه فعندما يُتلفظ بجزئيه فكأنما تُلفظَ به مرتين. وهذا التعريف مبني على تعريف أهل المنطق السابق "ما يدل جزء لفظه على جزء معناه". فإذا كان جزء المركب يدل على جزء معناه فكأنّ التلفظ بالجزأين تلفُظ به مرتين. ولكل جزء قبل التركيب معنى، فإذا ركب الجزءان أفاد مجموعهما معنى جديداً لم يكن لأي واحد منهما قبل التركيب. ويسلط هذا البحث الضوء أيضا على أهم أنواع التركيب في اللغات السامية الثلاث: السريانية والعربية والعبرية مثل: المركب المزجي، المركب اللحوقي، المركب العددي إلخ. وينتهي البحث بتصنيف لأهم الوظائف والأدوار التي يلعبها التركيب اللغوي في اللغة السريانية وكذلك شقيقتيها في عائلة اللغات السامية: العربية والعبرية، والتي تلخصت بالآتي: صياغة الأساليب النحوية والبلاغية، تكثير المباني والمعاني، صياغة أسماء المخترعات والمصطلحات العلمية.
تعرض طلبة الجامعات للبرامج الترفيهية التلفزيونية والاشباعات المتحققة منها
Authors: Al-Shammari Mohammed Shaker Mahmood
Published: September 2021

تناول الباحث في هذه الدراسة طبيعة تعرض طلبة الجامعات للبرامج الترفيهية والاشباعات التي يمكن أن تحققها هذه البرامج لهم، وتكمن مشكلة البحث الحالي في الكيفية التي يتعرض بها طلبة الجامعات العراقية  للبرامج الترفيهية التلفزيونية وأنماط ذلك التعرض والاشباعات المتحققة منه، وتنبع أهمية البحث من كونه يتناول نوعية مهمة وخطيرة من البرامج التلفزيونية وهي البرامج الترفيهية التي لاقت في الفترات الاخيرة رواجاً كبيراً واهتماما عالياً من قبل الجمهور لمتابعتها خصوصاً من فئة الدراسة الحالية وهم الشباب الجامعي الذين يهتمون بشكل واضح بمتابعة تلك البرامج كالمسابقات والغناء والمنوعات والموسيقى وأفلام الكوميديا والرياضة، ويهدف البحث إلى تحديد أهم دوافع التعرض ونوع البرامج التلفزيونية الترفيهية والاهتمام الذي يوليه طلبة الجامعات العراقية للبرامج الترفيهية، وقد توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات أهمها:

1- يفضل غالبية المبحوثين التعرض إلى برامج الأفلام والمسلسلات وكذلك البرامج الثقافية إلى جانب البرامج الترفيهية، وكذلك التعرض للبرامج الساخرة والغنائية من بين الأنواع الأخرى للبرامج الترفيهية.

2- حاز دافع ملئ وقت الفراغ على المرتبة الأولى في دوافع مشاهدة المبحوثين للبرامج الترفيهية.

3- تصدر الشعور بالمتعة والسعادة على بقية الاشباعات التي تحققها البرامج الترفيهية في القنوات الفضائية.
تقدير عمق وحجم الجريان السطحي للأحواض الرئيسة المغذية لبحيرة ساوه باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية
Authors: Gareeb Duaa M. , Yaseen Ali M.
Published: September 2021

يتطرق هذا البحث إلى تقدير عمق الجريان السطحي بإستعمال معادلة (SCS-CN) التابعة إلى خدمات صيانة التربة الأمريكية وكذلك إلى تقدير حجم الجريان السطحي المحتمل لبحيرة ساوة والتي تعد من الطرائق المهمة والشائعة لحساب حجم الجريان السطحي. إن تقدير حجم الجريان السطحي للأحواض التي تغذي بحيرة ساوه مهم جداً؛ لتقدير كمية المياه التي يمكن أن تغذي البحيرة من خلال الجريان السطحي الذي ينفذ فيما بعد إلى المياه الجوفية لتغذية مكامن المياه الجوفية والمتمثلة بتكاوين الفرات والدمام والرص. تم تطبيق المعادلة من خلال عمل تصنيف للغطاء الأرضي في منطقة الدراسة وهذا التصنيف للوحدات الأرضية يجب أن يكون متطابق مع تصنيف مصلحة صيانة التربة الأمريكية وما يقابله من قيم (CN). ومن ثم عمل قاعدة بيانات لنسجة التربة التي أعتمدت على المسح الحقلي لمنطقة الدراسة، وأخذ عينات من التربة لغرض تحليل نسجتها، والتي تم على أساسها إستخراج خارطة المجموعات الهيدرولوجية للتربة (A,B,C) والتي تعكس طبيعة نسجتها ونفاذيتها مقدار حجم الجريان السطحي، وكلما كانت التربة ذات نسجة ناعمة ونفاذية قليلة كلما زاد من حجم الجريان السطحي والمتمثل في منطقة الدراسة بالمجموعة الهيدرولوجية (C)، بينما تعد المجموعة (A)ذات نفاذية عالية، وتمثل قلة في الجريان السطحي.  بلغ عمق الجريان السطحي في حالة التربة الجافة (0.22 ملم)، أما في الحالة الإعتيادية لرطوبة التربة، بلغ عمق الجريان السطحي (0.68 ملم). اما حجم الجريان السطحي للعاصفة المطرية ففقد بلغ في الحالة الجافة (0.83 مليون م3)، أما في الحالة الثانية الإعتيادية فقد بلغ حجم الجريان السطحي (25.38 مليون م3).
Huntington’s Disease in Israel: A Population-Based Study Using 20 Years of Routinely-Collected Healthcare Data
Authors: Gavrielov-Yusim Natalie , Barer Yael , Martinec Michael , Siadimas Athanasios , Roumpanis Spyros , Furby Hannah , Goldshtein Inbal , Jan Asif , Coloma Preciosa M.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease. Obtaining population-level data on epidemiology and disease management is challenging.

Objective:

To investigate the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and healthcare utilization of patients with HD in Israel.

Methods:

Retrospective population-based cohort study, including 20 years of routinely collected data from Maccabi Healthcare Services, an insurer and healthcare provider for one-quarter of the Israeli population.

Results:

The study cohort included 109 adult patients (aged ≥18 years) diagnosed with HD, with mean age of 49.9 years and 56%females. The most common HD-related conditions were anxiety (40%), behavioral problems (34%), sleep disorders (21%), and falls (13%). Annual incidence rates for HD ranged from 0.17 to 1.34 per 100,000 from 2000 to 2018; the 2018 crude prevalence in adults was 4.36 per 100,000. Median survival from diagnosis was approximately 12 years (95%CI: 10.4–15.3). The most frequent symptomatic treatments were antidepressants (69%), antipsychotics (63%), and tetrabenazine (63%), the only drug approved for the treatment of HD chorea in Israel during the examined period. Patterns of healthcare utilization changed as disease duration increased, reflected by increased frequency of emergency department visits and home visits.

Conclusion:

This retrospective population-based study provides insights into the prevalence, incidence, clinical profile, survival, and resource utilization of patients with HD in ethnically diverse Israel. The findings in this study are generally consistent with the international literature and demonstrate the value of routinely collected healthcare data as a complementary resource in HD research.
Path coverage enhancement in wireless sensor networks based on CVT model
Authors: Yu Guangxu
Published: September 2021

In order to overcome the problems of low detection probability, low coverage uniformity and low coverage of current path coverage enhancement methods in wireless sensor networks, a new path coverage enhancement method based on CVT model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the node perception model and network coverage model are constructed. On the basis of the node awareness model and network coverage model, CVT model is used to adjust the connection mode, density and location of nodes in wireless sensor networks, so as to improve the coverage performance of nodes in the detection area in wireless sensor networks, and realize the effective enhancement of path coverage in wireless sensor networks. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional methods, the proposed method has high detection probability, high coverage uniformity and coverage rate, and the highest coverage rate reaches 97%, which has higher practical application performance.
Nueva clasificación científica ayudará a comprender mejor al virus VEB
Authors:   ,   Centro de Comunicación de las Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Comunicación de las Ciencias Centro
Published: September 2021

El virus Epstein-Barr (VEB), también conocido como virus herpes humano 4, es uno de los virus más eficaces en evolucionar, sobrevivir y propagarse en la población mundial. Este virus es responsable de diversas enfermedades como mononucleosis infecciosa, linfoma de Hodgkin, linfoma de Burkitt, cáncer nasofaríngeo, y últimamente se ha relacionado a un tipo particular de cáncer gástrico, el cual es muy frecuente en Chile. Investigadores de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile en Temuco y de la Universidad de la Frontera, publicaron un estudio en la prestigiosa revista Scientific Reports – Nature, donde analizaron 188 genomas (conjunto de genes) de VEB basados en muestras de pacientes recopiladas entre 1970 y 2017, proponiendo una nueva clasificación que permitirá comprender mejor la evolución y el origen geográfico del virus, pero sobre todo, ayudará a entender su biología y cómo el virus se relaciona con las células del hospedero, con el fin de evadir el sistema inmune y desencadenar las diversas enfermedades asociadas.