bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Operational Laws of Symmetric Triangular Z-Numbers
Authors: Li Hui , Liao Xuefei , Li Zhen , Pan Lei , Yuan Meng , Qin Ke
Published: May 2024

To model fuzzy numbers with the confidence degree and better account for information uncertainty, Zadeh came up with the notion of Z-numbers, which can effectively combine the objective information of things with subjective human interpretation of perceptive information, thereby improving the human comprehension of natural language. Although many numbers are in fact Z-numbers, their higher computational complexity often prevents their recognition as such. In order to reduce computational complexity, this paper reviews the development and research direction of Z-numbers and deduces the operational rules for symmetric triangular Z-numbers. We first transform them into classical fuzzy numbers. Using linear programming, the extension principle of Zadeh, the convolution formula, and fuzzy number algorithms, we determine the operational rules for the basic operations of symmetric triangular Z-numbers, which are number-multiplication, addition, subtraction, multiplication, power, and division. Our operational rules reduce the complexity of calculation, improve computational efficiency, and effectively reduce the information difference while being applicable to other complex operations. This paper innovatively combines Z-numbers with classical fuzzy numbers in Z-number operations, and as such represents a continuation and innovation of the research on the operational laws of Z-numbers.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration Detection in Retinal Fundus Images by a Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: García-Floriano Andrés , Ventura-Molina Elías
Published: May 2024

Computer-based pre-diagnosis of diseases through medical imaging is a task worked on for many years. The so-called fundus images stand out since they do not have uniform illumination and are highly sensitive to noise. One of the diseases that can be pre-diagnosed through fundus images is age-related macular degeneration, which initially manifests as the appearance of lesions called drusen. Several ways of pre-diagnosing macular degeneration have been proposed, methods based entirely on the segmentation of drusen with prior image processing have been designed and applied, and methods based on image pre-processing and subsequent conversion to feature vectors, or patterns, to be classified by a Machine-Learning model have also been developed. Finally, in recent years, the use of Deep-Learning models, particularly Convolutional Networks, has been proposed and used in classification problems where the data are only images. The latter has allowed the so-called transfer learning, which consists of using the learning achieved in the solution of one problem to solve another. In this paper, we propose the use of transfer learning through the Xception Deep Convolutional Neural Network to detect age-related macular degeneration in fundus images. The performance of the Xception model was compared against six other state-of-the-art models with a dataset created from images available in public and private datasets, which were divided into training/validation and test; with the training/validation set, the training was made using 10-fold cross-validation. The results show that the Xception neural network obtained a validation accuracy that surpasses other models, such as the VGG-16 or VGG-19 networks, and had an accuracy higher than 80% in the test set. We consider that the contributions of this work include the use of a Convolutional Neural Network model for the detection of age-related macular degeneration through the classification of fundus images in those affected by AMD (drusen) and the images of healthy patients. The performance of this model is compared against other methods featured in the state-of-the-art approaches, and the best model is tested on a test set outside the training and validation set.
Fuzzy Evaluation Model for Products with Multifunctional Quality Characteristics: Case Study on Eco-Friendly Yarn
Authors: Chen Kuen-Suan , Huang Tsun-Hung , Chiou Kuo-Ching , Kao Wen-Yang
Published: May 2024

Numerous advanced industrial countries emphasize green environmental protection alongside athletic healthcare. Many world-renowned sports brands are actively developing highly functional, environmentally friendly, and aesthetically pleasing products. For example, in the production of sports shoes, the eco-friendly yarn process is one of the important processes. This process involves multiple crucial larger-the-better quality characteristics closely tied to the functionality of sports shoes. Facing green environmental regulations and external competitors, it is evidently an imperative issue for enterprises to consider how to improve the quality of newly developed products, increase product value, and lower rates of both rework and scrap to accomplish the goals of saving energy and minimizing waste. Aiming to solve this problem, this study proposed a fuzzy evaluation model for products with multifunctional quality characteristics to assist the sporting goods manufacturing industry in evaluating whether all functional quality characteristics of its products meet the required quality level. This study first utilized the larger-the-better Six Sigma quality index concerning environmental protection for evaluation and then proposed product evaluation indicators for the eco-friendly yarn. Since the parameters of these indicators have not yet been determined, sample data need to be used for estimation. Enterprises require rapid response, so that the sample size is relatively small. Sampling error will increase the risk of misjudgment. Therefore, taking suggestions from previous studies, this study constructed the fuzzy evaluation model based on confidence intervals of quality indicators for the eco-friendly yarn. This method incorporated previous experience with data, thereby enhancing assessment accuracy.
Quadratic American Strangle Options in Light of Two-Sided Optimal Stopping Problems
Authors: Zaevski Tsvetelin S.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine some American-style financial instruments that lead to two-sided optimal hitting problems. We pay particular attention to derivatives that are similar to strangle options but have a quadratic payoff function. We consider these derivatives in light of much more general payoff structures under certain conditions which guarantee that the optimal strategy is an exit from a strip. Closed-form formulas for the optimal boundaries and the fair price are derived when the contract has no maturity constraints. We obtain the form of the optimal boundaries under the finite maturity horizon and approximate them by maximizing the financial utility of the derivative holder. The Crank–Nicolson finite difference method is applied to the pricing problem. The importance of these novel financial instruments is supported by several features that are very useful for financial practice. They combine the characteristics of the power options and the ordinary American straddles. Quadratic strangles are suitable for investors who need to hedge strongly, far from the strike positions. In contrast, the near-the-money positions offer a relatively lower payoff than the ordinary straddles. Note that the usual options pay exactly the overprice; no more, no less. In addition, the quadratic strangles allow investors to hedge the positions below and above the strike together. This is very useful in periods of high volatility when large market movements are expected but their direction is unknown.
Mathematical Model of the Process of Data Transmission over the Radio Channel of Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Makhmudov Fazliddin , Privalov Andrey , Privalov Alexander , Kazakevich Elena , Bekbaev Gamzatdin , Boldinov Alexey , Kim Kyung Hoon , Im-Cho Young
Published: May 2024

This article introduces a refined mathematical model to evaluate the quality of mobile radio channels within cyber-physical systems, employing the topological transformation of stochastic networks. The operation of the radio channel is conceptualized as a stochastic network, enabling the derivation of critical metrics such as an equivalent function, mathematical expectation, variance, and the time distribution function of the implemented processes. The model uses the Gamma distribution for the initial distribution functions of random variables, enhancing its analytical precision. A significant advancement of this study is the development of a comprehensive model that describes the data transmission process through phases of connection establishment, information transmission, and connection maintenance. The innovative aspect of this research lies in applying an equivalent function to a stochastic network that includes a logical “AND” node with gamma-distributed incoming branches. The stochastic network presented in the article, which includes a logical “AND” node, helps to elucidate the mechanism for obtaining an equivalent function for such networks, allowing the application area of the GERT method to be expanded. This methodological enhancement extends the previously limited scope of topological transformation methods, which only applied to exponential distribution models for the timing of branch inputs. By integrating a Gamma distribution, the model simplifies the equivalent function and reduces the computational complexity required to assess the radio channel’s quality, ensuring the accuracy needed for engineering calculations. Moreover, the proposed method requires 25–40% fewer series members than the traditional Taylor series decomposition, while maintaining comparable computational complexity for the typical series members. Furthermore, the maximum absolute error in the calculations is capped at 9 × 10−3, which is well within acceptable limits for engineering purposes. Primarily designed for radio channels in cyber-physical systems, the model’s applicability extends to wireless communications, providing a valuable tool for evaluating channel efficiency and security in the face of increasing cyber threats.
Computation of the Mann–Whitney Effect under Parametric Survival Copula Models
Authors: Nakazono Kosuke , Lin Yu-Cheng , Liao Gen-Yih , Uozumi Ryuji , Emura Takeshi
Published: May 2024

The Mann–Whitney effect is a measure for comparing survival distributions between two groups. The Mann–Whitney effect is interpreted as the probability that a randomly selected subject in a group survives longer than a randomly selected subject in the other group. Under the independence assumption of two groups, the Mann–Whitney effect can be expressed as the traditional integral formula of survival functions. However, when the survival times in two groups are not independent of each other, the traditional formula of the Mann–Whitney effect has to be modified. In this article, we propose a copula-based approach to compute the Mann–Whitney effect with parametric survival models under dependence of two groups, which may arise in the potential outcome framework. In addition, we develop a Shiny web app that can implement the proposed method via simple commands. Through a simulation study, we show the correctness of the proposed calculator. We apply the proposed methods to two real datasets.
Copper Resistance Mechanism and Copper Response Genes in Corynebacterium crenatum
Authors: Huang Mingzhu , Liu Wenxin , Qin Chunyan , Xu Yang , Zhou Xu , Wen Qunwei , Ma Wenbin , Huang Yanzi , Chen Xuelan
Published: May 2024

Heavy metal resistance mechanisms and heavy metal response genes are crucial for microbial utilization in heavy metal remediation. Here, Corynebacterium crenatum was proven to possess good tolerance in resistance to copper. Then, the transcriptomic responses to copper stress were investigated, and the vital pathways and genes involved in copper resistance of C. crenatum were determined. Based on transcriptome analysis results, a total of nine significantly upregulated DEGs related to metal ion transport were selected for further study. Among them, GY20_RS0100790 and GY20_RS0110535 belong to transcription factors, and GY20_RS0110270, GY20_RS0100790, and GY20_RS0110545 belong to copper-binding peptides. The two transcription factors were studied for the function of regulatory gene expression. The three copper-binding peptides were displayed on the C. crenatum surface for a copper adsorption test. Furthermore, the nine related metal ion transport genes were deleted to investigate the effect on growth in copper stress. This investigation provided the basis for utilizing C. crenatum in copper bioremediation.
Genetic Diversity of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus during COVID-19 Pandemic in Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2020–2021
Authors: Moumbeket Yifomnjou Moïse Henri , Monamele Gwladys Chavely , Modiyinji Abdou Fatawou , Njankouo-Ripa Mohamadou , Onana Boyomo , Njouom Richard
Published: May 2024

Worldwide, human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of severe infections of the lower respiratory system, affecting individuals of all ages. This study investigated the genetic variability of HRSV during the COVID-19 outbreak in Yaoundé; nasopharyngeal samples positive for HRSV were collected from different age groups between July 2020 and October 2021. A semi-nested RT-PCR was performed on the second hypervariable region of the G gene of detected HRSV, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic assessment. Throughout the study, 40 (37.7%) of the 106 HRSV-positive samples successfully underwent G-gene amplification. HRSV A and HRSV B co-circulated at rates of 47.5% and 52.5%, respectively. HRSV A clustered in the GA2.3.5 genetic lineage (ON1) and HRSV B clustered in the GB5.0.5a genetic lineage (BA9). Differences in circulating genotypes were observed between pre- and post-pandemic years for HRSV A. Predictions revealed potential N-glycosylation sites at positions 237-318 of HRSV A and positions 228-232-294 of HRSV B. This study reports the molecular epidemiology of HRSV in Cameroon during the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the exclusive co-circulation of two genetic lineages. These findings highlight the importance of implementing comprehensive molecular surveillance to prevent the unexpected emergence of other diseases.
Identification and Safety Assessment of Enterococcus casseliflavus KB1733 Isolated from Traditional Japanese Pickle Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis and Preclinical Toxicity Studies
Authors: Satomi Shohei , Takahashi Shingo , Inoue Takuro , Taniguchi Makoto , Sugi Mai , Natsume Masakatsu , Suzuki Shigenori
Published: May 2024

The present study involves the precise identification and safety evaluation of Enterococcus casseliflavus KB1733, previously identified using 16S rRNA analysis, through whole-genome sequencing, phenotypic analysis, and preclinical toxicity studies. Analyses based on the genome sequencing data confirm the identity of KB1733 as E. casseliflavus and show that the genes related to vancomycin resistance are only present on the chromosome, while no virulence factor genes are present on the chromosome or plasmid. Phenotypic analyses of antibiotic resistance and hemolytic activity also indicated no safety concerns. A bacterial reverse mutation test showed there was no increase in revertant colonies of heat-killed KB1733. An acute toxicity test employing heat-killed KB1733 at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight in rats resulted in no deaths and no weight gain or other abnormalities in the general condition of the animals, with renal depression foci and renal cysts only occurring at the same frequency as in the control. Taking the background data into consideration, the effects on the kidneys observed in the current study were not caused by KB1733. Our findings suggest that KB1733 is non-pathogenic to humans/animals, although further studies involving repeated oral toxicity tests and/or clinical tests are required.
Friend or Foe: Exploring the Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Digestive Cancers
Authors: Profir Monica , Roşu Oana , Creţoiu Sanda , Gaspar Bogdan
Published: May 2024

Digestive cancers are among the leading causes of cancer death in the world. However, the mechanisms of cancer development and progression are not fully understood. Accumulating evidence in recent years pointing to the bidirectional interactions between gut dysbiosis and the development of a specific type of gastrointestinal cancer is shedding light on the importance of this “unseen organ”—the microbiota. This review focuses on the local role of the gut microbiota imbalance in different digestive tract organs and annexes related to the carcinogenic mechanisms. Microbiota modulation, either by probiotic administration or by dietary changes, plays an important role in the future therapies of various digestive cancers.
Study on Preparation of Calcium-Based Modified Coal Gangue and Its Adsorption Dye Characteristics
Authors: Wang Yihan , Dong Yanrong , Shao Junli , Zhao Zilong , Zhai Hongyu
Published: May 2024

Efficient and thorough treatment of dye wastewater is essential to achieve ecological harmony. In this study, a new type of calcium-based modified coal gangue (Ca-CG) was prepared by using solid waste coal gangue as raw material and a CaCl2 modifier, which was used for the removal of malachite green, methylene blue, crystal violet, methyl violet and other dyes in water. When the dosage of Ca-CG was 1–5 g/L, the dosage of Ca-CG was the main factor affecting the dye adsorption effect. The adsorption effects of Ca-CG on four dyes were as follows: malachite green > crystal violet > methylene blue > methyl violet. Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of malachite green, methyl blue, crystal violet and methyl violet by Ca-CG fitted the second-order kinetic model, and adsorption with chemical reaction is the main process. The adsorption of four dyes by Ca-CG conformed to the Freundlich model, which is dominated by multi-molecular layer adsorption, and the adsorption was easy to carry out. The adsorption process of Ca-CG on the four dyes was spontaneous. The results of FTIR, XRD and SEM showed that the calcium-based materials such as lipscombite and dolomite were the key to the adsorption of malachite green by Ca-CG, and the main mechanisms for the adsorption of malachite green by Ca-CG are surface precipitation, electrostatic action, and chelation reaction. Ca-CG adsorption has great potential for the removal of dye wastewater.
Metabolism, Disposition, Excretion, and Potential Transporter Inhibition of 7–16, an Improving 5-HT2A Receptor Antagonist and Inverse Agonist for Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hu Zhengping , Wang Wenyan , Yang Huijie , Zhao Fengjuan , Sha Chunjie , Mi Wei , Yin Shuying , Wang Hongbo , Tian Jingwei , Ye Liang
Published: May 2024

Compound 7–16 was designed and synthesized in our previous study and was identified as a more potential selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist and inverse agonist for treating Parkinson’s disease psychosis (PDP). Then, the metabolism, disposition, and excretion properties of 7–16 and its potential inhibition on transporters were investigated in this study to highlight advancements in the understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms. The results indicate that a total of 10 metabolites of 7–16/[14C]7–16 were identified and determined in five species of liver microsomes and in rats using UPLC-Q Exactive high-resolution mass spectrometry combined with radioanalysis. Metabolites formed in human liver microsomes could be covered by animal species. 7–16 is mainly metabolized through mono-oxidation (M470-2) and N-demethylation (M440), and the CYP3A4 isozyme was responsible for both metabolic reactions. Based on the excretion data in bile and urine, the absorption rate of 7–16 was at least 74.7%. 7–16 had weak inhibition on P-glycoprotein and no effect on the transport activity of OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, and OCT2 transporters. The comprehensive pharmacokinetic properties indicate that 7–16 deserves further development as a new treatment drug for PDP.
Polymer-Supported Heterogeneous Fenton Catalysts for the Environmental Remediation of Wastewater
Authors: Bouzayani Bakhta , Sanromán Maria Ángeles
Published: May 2024

Materials based on polymer hydrogels have demonstrated potential as innovative Fenton catalysts for treating water. However, developing these polymer-supported catalysts with robust stability presents a significant challenge. This paper explores the development and application of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the environmental remediation of wastewater, emphasizing the enhancement of metal incorporation into catalysts for improved efficiency. The study begins with an introduction to the heterogeneous Fenton process and its relevance to wastewater treatment. It further delves into the specifics of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts, focusing on iron oxide, copper complexes/nanoparticles, and ruthenium as key components. The synthesis methods employed to prepare these catalysts are discussed, highlighting the innovative approaches to achieve substantial metal incorporation. Operational parameters such as catalyst dosage, pollutant concentration, and the effect of pH on the process efficiency are thoroughly examined. The catalytic performance is evaluated, providing insights into the effectiveness of these catalysts in degrading pollutants. Recent developments in the field are reviewed, showcasing advancements in catalyst design and application. The study also addresses the stability and reusability of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts, critical factors for their practical application in environmental remediation. Environmental applications are explored, demonstrating the potential of these catalysts in addressing various pollutants. The Conclusions offers future perspectives, underlining the ongoing challenges and opportunities in the field, and the importance of further research to enhance the efficacy and sustainability of polymer-supported heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for wastewater treatment.
Functional Characterization of F3H Gene and Optimization of Dihydrokaempferol Biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Chen Qinyi , Song Dandan , Sun Xiaoyan , Tian Yulong , Yan Zecheng , Min Ting , Wang Hongxun , Wang Limei
Published: May 2024

The 1092 bp F3H gene from Trapa bispinosa Roxb., which was named TbF3H, was cloned and it encodes 363 amino acids. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed the high homology of TbF3H with flavanone 3-hydroxylase from other plants. A functional analysis showed that TbF3H of Trapa bispinosa Roxb. encoded a functional flavanone 3-hydroxylase; it catalyzed the formation of dihydrokaempferol (DHK) from naringenin in S. cerevisiae. The promoter strengths were compared by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry detection of the fluorescence intensity of the reporter genes initiated by each constitutive promoter (FITC), and DHK production reached 216.7 mg/L by the promoter adjustment strategy and the optimization of fermentation conditions. The results presented in this study will contribute to elucidating DHK biosynthesis in Trapa bispinosa Roxb.
Enhanced Energy Storage Performance through Controlled Composition and Synthesis of 3D Mixed Metal-Oxide Microspheres
Authors: Su Chongjie , Hilal Muhammad , Yang Fan , Xu Xinda , Zhang Chao , Guo Shuoyu , Zhang Junning , Cai Zhicheng , Yuan Huimin , Xie Wanfeng
Published: May 2024

Binary transition metal oxide complexes (BTMOCs) in three-dimensional (3D) layered structures show great promise as electrodes for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their diverse oxidation states, which contribute to high specific capacitance. However, the synthesis of BTMOCs with 3D structures remains challenging yet crucial for their application. In this study, we present a novel approach utilizing a single-step hydrothermal technique to fabricate flower-shaped microspheres composed of a NiCo-based complex. Each microsphere consists of nanosheets with a mesoporous structure, enhancing the specific surface area to 23.66 m2 g−1 and facilitating efficient redox reactions. When employed as the working electrode for supercapacitors, the composite exhibits remarkable specific capacitance, achieving 888.8 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, it demonstrates notable electrochemical stability, retaining 52.08% capacitance after 10,000 cycles, and offers a high-power density of 225 W·kg−1, along with an energy density of 25 Wh·kg−1, showcasing its potential for energy storage applications. Additionally, an aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled using NiCo microspheres-based complex and activated carbon (AC). Remarkably, the NiCo microspheres complex/AC configuration delivers a high specific capacitance of 250 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, with a high energy density of 88 Wh kg−1, for a power density of 800 W kg−1. The ASC also exhibits excellent long-term cyclability with 69% retention over 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. Furthermore, a series of two ASC devices demonstrated the capability to power commercial blue LEDs for a duration of at least 40 s. The simplicity of the synthesis process and the exceptional performance exhibited by the developed electrode materials hold considerable promise for applications in energy storage.
Quid Sit Deus? Heidegger on Nietzsche and the Question of God
Authors: Parra José Daniel
Published: May 2024

This article develops a hermeneutic study of Heidegger’s text The Word of Nietzsche: “God is Dead”. We attempt to read Heidegger’s remarks in the context of the “period of transition” that, according to Nietzsche, is occurring in the history of western thought and culture. This essay unfolds in the following manner: beginning with Heidegger’s contention that Nietzsche’s philosophy is the “fulfilment” of Platonism, we go over the problem of nihilism in relation to the metaphysics of the will to power, which for Heidegger requires revising Cartesian subjectivity in search of a new ontology. Heidegger’s critique of modernity encompasses a narrative that goes from “Plato” to “Nietzsche”, leading to a reconsideration of the notions of art and truth. Finally, we attempt to interpret the meaning of the “madman’s lament” voicing the passing of God.
The Influence of Dietary Synbiotic on Agonistic Behavior, Stress, and Brain Monoamines via Modulation of the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Laying Hens
Authors: Johnson Alexa M. , Clark Alexis , Anderson Mallory G. , Corbin Elyse , Arguelles-Ramos Mireille , Ali Ahmed B. A.
Published: May 2024

A complex system of neural pathways, collectively known as the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis, interconnects the gut microbiota, the gastrointestinal system, and the brain along with its periphery. Previous studies have demonstrated that modulation of the MGB axis can influence stress-related behaviors such as anxiety. This connection becomes apparent in scenarios like agonistic behavior in laying hens, which is characterized by aggressive head and feather pecks, that can ultimately result in cannibalism and death. The objective was to examine the effects of a dietary synbiotic on agonistic behavior, plasma and brain monoamines, stress parameters, and cecal microbiota counts via modulation of the MGB axis. A total of 396 W36 Hy-Line laying hens were provided at random with a control (CON: basal diet) or treatment (SYN: basal diet supplemented with synbiotic) diet from 50 to 60 weeks old (nine pens/treatment, 22 birds/pen). Blood samples and video recordings (three consecutive days/week) were taken at 50 and 60 weeks. At 60 weeks, three hens/pen were euthanized for brain and cecal microbiota collection. Threatening, fighting, head, body, and feather pecking all occurred less frequently at 60 weeks in the SYN group (p < 0.05). Plasma corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, dopamine, and serotonin were significantly lower while tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were significantly higher in birds from the SYN group (p < 0.05). Significant differences in serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, dopamine, homovanillic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were observed in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala of the brain. Serotonin and dopamine turnover rates were significantly different in all three regions of the brain (p < 0.05). Cecal counts of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were significantly higher in the SYN group (p < 0.05). Synbiotic supplementation resulted in many significant differences, indicating activation of the serotonergic systems and modulation of both the MGB axis and HPA axis with positive effects on welfare and stress.
Research on Multi-Objective Process Parameter Optimization Method in Hard Turning Based on an Improved NSGA-II Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Zhengrui , Wu Fei , Wu Aonan
Published: May 2024

To address the issue of local optima encountered during the multi-objective optimization process with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm, this paper introduces an enhanced version of the NSGA-II. This improved NSGA-II incorporates polynomial and simulated binary crossover operators into the genetic algorithm’s crossover phase to refine its performance. For evaluation purposes, the classic ZDT benchmark functions are employed. The findings reveal that the enhanced NSGA-II algorithm achieves higher convergence accuracy and surpasses the performance of the original NSGA-II algorithm. When applied to the machining of the high-hardness material 20MnCrTi, four algorithms were utilized: the improved NSGA-II, the conventional NSGA-II, NSGA-III, and MOEA/D. The experimental outcomes show that the improved NSGA-II algorithm delivers a more optimal combination of process parameters, effectively enhancing the workpiece’s surface roughness and material removal rate. This leads to a significant improvement in the machining quality of the workpiece surface, demonstrating the superiority of the improved algorithm in optimizing machining processes.
Ultrasonically Assisted Electrocoagulation Combined with Zeolite in Compost Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Svilović Sandra , Vukojević Medvidović Nediljka , Vrsalović Ladislav , Gudić Senka , Mikulandra Ana-Marija
Published: May 2024

In this paper, the possibility of combining electrocoagulation (EC), ultrasound, and the addition of zeolite for wastewater treatment was investigated for the first time. The following combinations of hybrid processes were tested: electrocoagulation with zeolite (ECZ), simultaneous electrocoagulation with zeolite and ultrasound (ECZ+US), and two-stage electrocoagulation with zeolite and ultrasound (US+Z - EC), carried out with three different electrode materials. The results show that the simultaneous assistance of ultrasound in the ECZ leads to a lower increase in pH, while the temperature increase is higher. Regarding the COD, the assistance of ultrasound is only useful for Zn electrodes in the two-stage US+Z - EC, while the reduction in voltage consumption occurs for Fe and Al electrodes. Ultrasonic assistance caused more damage to the anodes, but anode consumption was reduced for Al and Zn electrodes. The total amount of zeolite that can be recovered is between 55–97%, and recovery is higher in systems with higher turbidity reduction. Good settling ability is only achieved with Al and Fe electrodes in simultaneous performance. Taguchi’s orthogonal L9 array design was applied to analyze the effects of electrode material, process type, mixing speed, and time duration on COD decrease, settling velocity, electrode, and voltage consumption. The results show that the use of ultrasound does not contribute to the desired result and generally only has a favorable effect on voltage and electrode consumption, while it has no positive effect on settling ability or COD decrease. Furthermore, although longer times and higher mixing speeds negatively impact cost due to voltage and electrode consumption, it is advisable not to choose the shortest duration and lowest speed to obtain adequate wastewater treatment quality.
Global Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Plastic Supply Chain Resource Metabolism Efficiency and Carbon Emissions Co-Reduction Strategies
Authors: Duan Chenxingyu , Wang Zhen , Zhou Bingzheng , Yao Xiaolei
Published: May 2024

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is widely used as a primary plastic packaging material in the global socio-economic system. However, research on the metabolic characteristics of the PET industry across different countries, particularly regarding the entire life cycle supply chain of PET, remains insufficient, significantly hindering progress in addressing plastic pollution worldwide. This study employs the Life Cycle Assessment-Material Flow Analysis (LCA-MFA) method to comprehensively analyze the environmental impacts of PET plastics, with a focus on the processes from production to disposal in 12 regions (covering 41 countries) in 2020. By constructing 13 scenarios and analyzing the development trajectory of PET plastics from 2020 to 2030, this study provides scientific evidence and specific strategies for waste reduction and emission reduction measures in the PET industry. Overall, in 2020, the 12 regions (41 countries) consumed 7297.7 kilotons (kt) of virgin PET resin and 1189.4 kt of recycled PET resin; 23% of plastic waste was manufactured into recycled PET materials, 42% went to landfills, and 35% was incinerated. In 2020, the entire PET plastic supply chain emitted approximately 534.6 million tons (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalent per year, with production emissions accounting for 46.1%, manufacturing stage emissions accounting for 44.7%, and waste treatment stage emissions accounting for 9.2%. Research indicates that under a scenario of controlled demand, resource efficiency improvement and emission reduction are the most effective, potentially reducing carbon emissions by up to 40%.
Amino Group-Driven Adsorption of Sodium p-Perfluorous Nonenoxybenzene Sulfonate in Water by the Modified Graphene Oxide
Authors: Lu Mengyuan , Liu Yang , Zheng Xinning , Liu Wenjuan , Liu Yang , Bao Jia , Feng Ao , Bao Yueyao , Diao Jiangyong , Liu Hongyang
Published: May 2024

Sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) is one of the key alternatives to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Its widespread tendency has increased extensive contamination in the aquatic environment. However, the present treatment technology for OBS exhibited insignificant adsorption capacity and long adsorption time. In this study, three proportions (1:5, 3:5, and 10:1) of chitosan-modified amino-driven graphene oxide (CS-GO) were innovated to strengthen the OBS adsorption capacity, compared with graphene oxide (GO) and graphene (GH). Through the characterization of SEM, BET, and FTIR, it was discovered that CS was synthetized on GO surfaces successfully with a low specific surface area. Subsequently, batch single influence factor studies on OBS removal from simulated wastewater were investigated. The optimum removal efficiency of OBS could be achieved up to 95.4% within 2 h when the adsorbent was selected as CS-GO (10:1), the dosage was 2 mg, and the pH was 3. The addition of inorganic ions could promote the adsorption efficiency of OBS. In addition, CS-GO presented the maximum adsorption energy due to additional functional groups of -NH3, and electrostatic interaction was the foremost motive for improving the adsorption efficiency of OBS. Moreover, OBS exhibited the fastest diffusion coefficient in the CS-GO-OBS solution, which is consistent with the fitting results of adsorption kinetics.
Artificial Intelligence in Astronomical Optical Telescopes: Present Status and Future Perspectives
Authors: Huang Kang , Hu Tianzhu , Cai Jingyi , Pan Xiushan , Hou Yonghui , Xu Lingzhe , Wang Huaiqing , Zhang Yong , Cui Xiangqun
Published: May 2024

With new artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and application scenarios constantly emerging, AI technology has become widely used in astronomy and has promoted notable progress in related fields. A large number of papers have reviewed the application of AI technology in astronomy. However, relevant articles seldom mention telescope intelligence separately, and it is difficult to understand the current development status of and research hotspots in telescope intelligence from these papers. This paper combines the development history of AI technology and difficulties with critical telescope technologies, comprehensively introduces the development of and research hotspots in telescope intelligence, conducts a statistical analysis of various research directions in telescope intelligence, and defines the merits of these research directions. A variety of research directions are evaluated, and research trends in each type of telescope intelligence are indicated. Finally, according to the advantages of AI technology and trends in telescope development, potential future research hotspots in the field of telescope intelligence are given.
Case study: Noise risk assessment of workers at the mechanized mining face of coal mines
Authors: Liu Dong , Zhou Ye
Published: May 2024

An assessment of workers at the mechanized mining face of coal mines was conducted in China. The survey on the current status of subject exposure to noise of coal miners was administered by occupational health investigation and detailed record of work days. The noise dosimeter measurements
of 211 workers were obtained, including coal cutting, supporting, transportation, crushing, and auxiliary (such as air pressure, pump, and maintenance). A total of 56.4% of the LEX,8h exceeded 85 dB(A), and the average 8-hour equivalent sound level of the workers at the mechanized mining face
of these coal mines was 91.2 dB(A). Within the noise frequency from 500 to 6000 Hz, there was a “V” shift in the displacement value of hearing threshold. At the noise frequency of 4000 Hz, the hearing loss N50 (dB) of workers reached the maximum. The longer the exposure time, the
higher risk both in high-frequency hearing loss and noise-induced deafness. The risk of high-frequency hearing loss reached the high-risk level at 25 years of work, while the risk of noise deafness reached the high-risk level after 30 years of work. In addition, the Pearson correlation coefficient
between the noise exposure time and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss was high and positively correlated. The results show that the production noise hazards at the mechanized mining face of coal mine are relatively large. High levels of hazardous noise exposure are typical in coal mines.
The noise exposure data can help to develop more feasible noise controls for the employer.
Elastic self-adhesive radioabsorbing materials
Authors: Cherkasov V. D. , Shcherbak Y. P. , Cherkasov D. V.
Published: May 2024

The article considers creation of elastic self-adhesive radio absorbing materials for frequency range of 2-7 GHz. Carbonyl iron is widely used in the production of radioabsorbing materials. Materials with this filler have a low absorption of electromagnetic radiation, and more reflect it. The main advantage of this filler is that it is produced by domestic manufacturers in industrial volumes. Another filler used for the production of radioabsorbing materials is carbon fibre. Materials on this filler have a high absorption coefficient of electromagnetic radiation, but operate in a very narrow frequency range. Therefore, in order to increase electromagnetic absorption and extend the frequency range, a certain amount of carbon fibre is introduced into the composition of the radioabsorbing material containing carbonyl iron. It is shown that in this case absorption of electromagnetic radiation reaches 93%. The material is intended for protection of premises and equipment against electromagnetic radiation.
Análise de causas raiz de acidentes da indústria de processos
Authors: Vazzoler Alex , Flores Tanise Mori
Published: May 2024

A compreensão das causas raiz de acidentes é fundamental para prevenir incidentes futuros e melhorar a segurança dos processos. Estas referem-se aos fatores subjacentes que levam a um acidente, indo além dos aspectos superficiais e identificando os elementos fundamentais que contribuíram para a ocorrência do evento indesejado. Este trabalho levantou dados de 154 acidentes da indústria química, incluídos todos os Major Accidents, empregando-se a tipologia de causas raiz (e de consequência) proposta por Crowl e Louvar para um levantamento estatístico destes acidentes em comparação a este mesmo autor. Tal tipologia foi estendida para incluir outros elementos como a condição de operação da planta, estatísticas de perdas financeiras e de análise temporal. Estes resultados foram sumarizados em tabelas e gráficos e discutidos ao longo do texto deste trabalho.
Cluster modeling of the interaction of statyonary SH-waves with a system of curvilinear cracks in a half-space
Authors: Panchenko Borys , Bukata Liudmyla , Bahachuk Denys , Martynovych Larysa , Zui Oksana
Published: May 2024

A method is proposed for solving problems of mathematical physics for semi-infinite media containing systems of curvilinear cuts. Based on singular integral equations (SIE), a unified approach to solving the problem has been developed. Numerical implementation was carried out using parallelisation. A graph of the duration of the initial cluster hour is given for calculating an array of searched functions in the context of a parabolic form as a function of the number of processes for one variant of implementation. It is shown that the entire algorithm scales well and has an efficient number of processes. The expected result was obtained, because the structure of the calculation process in models based on SIE is mostly unchanged and built on well-defined procedures. It turned out that 150–200 processes are effective. An accuracy of 10–12 was achieved with the number of collocation points of the contour of each section N = 300, because the algorithm for numerical solution of the problem uses interpolation by Chebyshev polynomials in accordance with the fact that the unknown function has a key feature at the ends of the section, which causes a higher speed of convergence of the algorithm. The study of the question of the further increase in the accuracy of the result was not conducted. The corresponding dynamic boundary value problems for a restrained and force-free half-plane are studied. The influence of the curvature of defects, their interaction and proximity of the boundary on the magnitude and nature of the change in the dynamic stress intensity coefficients was studied. To check the reliability of the algorithm, two tests were carried out: removing three inhomogeneities at a distance of 106 of their length from each other and saturating the system by increasing the number of geometrically equal reflectors to 13–15. When removed, the characteristics of each reflector tend to the characteristics of a single one, and when saturated, they tend to the results of the corresponding periodic problem. The agreement between the results showed good reliability of the algorithm. The proposed method can be used to assess the influence of various mechanical or geometric factors on the strength of bodies with defects.
Evaluation of Aging Effects of Zinc Oxide on the Optical Properties of Porous Silicon-Zinc Oxide Heterojunction Photodetector Device
Authors: Karaçam Safiye , Gör Bölen Meltem
Published: May 2024

Porous silicon is very important for integrated technology because of its many superior properties, such as suitability for mass production, easy and controlled production, and adjustable electrical and optical properties. Semiconductors with metal oxides, such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, tin oxide, and zinc oxide, are highly preferred in optical devices. Among these metal oxides, zinc oxide is preferred for photodetectors because of its stable crystal structure and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV. Researchers have conducted studies on photodetectors with porous silicon-zinc oxide heterojunction structures. The importance of the stable operation of devices has been emphasized. Therefore, in this study, a porous silicon-based zinc oxide heterojunction structure suitable for photodetector production was formed, and the effect of aging on zinc oxide was investigated over time. As a result of the investigation, it was observed that the intensity decreased approximately 2.5 times at the end of 365 days owing to the aging of zinc oxide. In addition, UV spectroscopy measurements were performed to investigate the optical properties that affect their operation as photodetectors. Because the PS-ZnO heterojunction functions as a detector in the UV region, the absorption and reflectivity of the PS-ZnO heterojunction were investigated, especially in the UV region. From the measurements, it was observed that aging decreased absorption and increased reflectance. These findings underscore the negative impact of aging on photodetector performance.
Recursos tecnológicos para el aprendizaje en el marco de la educación inclusiva ecuatoriana
Authors: Arteaga-Tubay Guillermo José
Published: May 2024

Se expone este artículo con el propósito de indagar cómo se ha dado la educación inclusiva en Ecuador y explorar cómo los recursos tecnológicos aparecen coligados para el fomento del aprendizaje inclusivo. Se corresponde con un estudio de naturaleza documental desarrollado mediante un diseño bibliográfico. A partir de los resultados, se pudo enunciar que Ecuador, muestra avances significativos en la promoción de la educación para todos, ya que, progresivamente ha implementado políticas y programas, aunados a un marco normativo, con el que que busca garantizar el acceso equitativo a la educación, especialmente para aquellos con discapacidades y/o necesidades especiales. Sin embargo, aún enfrenta desafíos importantes en función de lograr una verdadera educación inclusiva y de calidad en todo el sistema educativo.
Nota marginal sobre la huella latina en la lengua vasca
Authors: Michelena Luis
Published: May 2024

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Gregorio Arruebarrenak argitara gabe utzi zuen eskuskribu batez zembait ohar
Authors: Kintana Xabier
Published: May 2024

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Erho, eho (matar)
Authors: De Iriáioz P. Policarpo
Published: May 2024

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Racine et radical dans le verbe basque
Authors: Pennaod Goulven
Published: May 2024

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Gogo en Dechepare
Authors: Goenaga Angel
Published: May 2024

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Posesiboak Idazle Zaharretan
Authors: Kintana Xabier
Published: May 2024

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Ainu und Kaschinawa, sprachliche Beziehungen eine paläoeurasischen Sprache auf Sachalin zu einer Panosprache in Nordperu
Authors: Bouda Karl
Published: May 2024

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Eine baskisch-südkaukasische Wortgleichung: bask. *uzu, südkauk. *sw «gebären, geboren werden»
Authors: Bouda Karl
Published: May 2024

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Correspondencia familiar vasca del siglo XIX
Authors: Satrústegui José María
Published: May 2024

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La construcción de identidad de patria desde la visualidad del festejo del Bicentenario Argentino
Authors:   , Ramacciotti Beatriz
Published: May 2024

Este ensayo observa la producción artística realizada para los festejos del Bicentenario Argentino y gira en relación a la construcción de una identidad visual de Patria. Involucra tanto a las producciones conocidas como video mapeos exhibidos en Plaza de Mayo, los símbolos patrios, una obra propia denominada Parapelas y un banco de imágenes realizado con estudiantes, teniendo en cuenta sus condiciones de producción y circulación. Se plantea como un ejercicio de pensamiento alrededor de la pregunta: ¿es posible pensar una soberanía visual? es decir la puesta en relación de la noción de soberanía y el campo de la visualidad. Desde una perspectiva de espectadora académica esta pregunta resuena en relación al diseño y a la enseñanza del diseño en comunicación visual.