bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Intelligent Software for Early Detection of Stunting in Toddlers Based on Anthropometry
Authors: Widodo Sri Widodo , - Anik Sulistiyanti
Published: November 2022

Stunting describes chronic undernutrition status during growth and development since early life. This situation is represented by the z-score of height for age (TB/U) less than -2 standard deviations (SD). The current method used to determine the presence of stunting in toddlers is to use Health Card. The way to do this is by weighing toddlers every month, the weighing results are recorded in the Health Card, and between the weight points from last month's weighing results and this month's weighing results are connected by a line. The series of children's growth lines form a child's growth graph. This procedure is of course less effective. In addition, midwives can differ from one another in determining stunting status in toddlers. The research aims to conduct early detection of stunting in toddlers based on anthropometry using an intelligent system. This research includes 3 (three) main things. The first is the development of software for managing children's medical record data. The second is the development of software for early detection of stunting using the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The third is the development of graph software for toddler anthropometric data development. The results of this study are expected to provide a tool for posyandu cadres and midwives in early detection of stunting in toddlers.
The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Justicia Secunda (Bloodroot) on the Liver Function Indices of Albino Wistar Rat
Authors: Okpara Okpara, E. P. , Reuben Reuben, E , Victor Victor, P.D , Ajie Ajie, P.C , George George, B.O , Barinee Barinee, N.C , Bright Nkpurukwe, C.I., , Otto Otto., B.J.
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Few articles have linked the consumption of some medicinal plants to certain liver diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of oral administration of ethanolic extract of Justicia secunda on the liver of Wistar rats.

Methodology: 30 adult  female Wistar rats were grouped into 6, with each group consisting of 5 rats.The 1st group was on a normal diet and distilled water while the other groups received  250mg/bodywt, 300mg/bodywt, 350mg/bodywt, 400mg/body wt, 450mg/ body wt of ethanolic extract Justicia secunda for 42 days respectively . Their blood samples were analyzed for total and conjugated bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulin, gamma-glutamyl transferase, Lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase.

Findings: The liver tissues were also processed for histological examination. There was a statistically significant increase in ALT, AST, and ALP in group 4, and a statistically significant decrease in conjugated bilirubin seen in groups 5 and 6. The Histology revealed that the extract produced moderate but insignificant degeneration of hepatocytes.

Unique contribution to policy, theory, and practice: Long-term administration is likely to contain toxic effects; caution should be taken in consuming this plant.
The relationship between quality of instructional materials and girl-child education at primary school level in Oyam district, Lango sub-region, Uganda
Authors: Okwanga Alem Robert , Mwesigwa David Mwesigwa
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The main aim of this research was to determine the relationship between the quality of instructional materials and girl-child’ education in Oyam district. This thrust is significance of quality of instructional materials to girl-child’ education remains central because they have tremendous influence in the quality of teaching and learning of pupils as well as the extent of attention, they pay attention to lessons while in classrooms. This suggests that schools that fail to provide quality of instructional materials may hardly achieve the best in their pupils especially in the area of academic performance. This scenario continues to be among the reasons for wider disparities in the performance of girl-child and boys in a number of districts.

Methodology: The study was guided by the cross-sectional survey using a mixed methods approach. Structured questionnaires administered to 139 respondents. Data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: The results reveal that quality of instructional materials (p<0.01,) significantly predict girl-child’ education. Also, the quality of instructional materials appears have a significant effect on girl-child’ education in Oyam district. It is therefore proposed that the Ministry of Education considers providing instructional materials as a matter of priority if academic performance of both boys and girl-child is to be improved. Further, the school authorities should devise means of ensuring that they have in place some instructional materials. This should be through a number of initiatives such as getting photocopies of some of the key resource books or providing teachers with instructional materials such that they could develop their own instructional materials where applicable.

Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The outcomes of this study supportive to both theory and policy on primary school education system especially concerning girl-child education because of its significance in sustainable development.
İLHAN BARAN’IN SİYAH VE BEYAZ ALBÜMÜNDEKİ BASİT ÖLÇÜ SAYILI ESERLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DAĞLAR Işıl
Published: November 2022

ÖZ: Fazıl Say, Muhiddin Dürrüoğlu-Demiriz, Toros Can gibi solist ve bestecileri yetiştiren, Adnan Saygun’ un öğrencisi olan İlhan Baran, çağdaş Türk müziği tarihinde, önemli bir bestecidir. Ustaca ve özgün bir şekilde, ritmik, melodik ve armonik olarak geleneksel Türk müziğinden yararlanmıştır. Yapıtlarında kullandığı tartım, nüans, rejistr, hız, ezgi, armoni gibi müzikal öğelerde, uyumu ve kontrastı ustalıkla uygulamıştır. İlhan Baran’ın yazdığı 13 küçük eserden oluşan Siyah Beyaz albümü, bu özellikleri destekleyen örneklerden biridir. Her biri farklı zorluk seviyesine sahip olduğundan, piyano eğitiminde kullanılması tercih edilen eserlerdir. Albümdeki her eserde, besteci, metronom değeri belirtmiş ve birçok yerde karakterleri ifade etmek için müzik terimleri kullanmıştır. Eserlerdeki isimler, kullanılan metronom değerleri ve müzik terimleriyle doğrudan alakalıdır. Bu makalede, sadece albümdeki basit tartımda yazılmış olanlar incelenmiştir (Devinim, İmge, Söyleşi, Şaka, Ninni, Ezgi, Zeybek, Coşku) . Öncelikli olarak albüm hakkında genel bilgi verildikten sonra, konu olan eserlerin zorluk derecelerine göre sınıflandırılması yapılıp, eserler form, yazı stili, tartımsal özellikler ve müzikal öğeler açısından ele alınmıştır. Bu anlamda, bu makale, sevilerek çalınan bu eserleri icra edecek kişilere katkı sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İlhan Baran, Siyah Beyaz, Basit Tartım, Türk Müziği, Geleneksel
Mobile Local Train Ticketing System for Non NFC
Authors: Bhor Vaibhav Anand  , Prof. Rokade M. D.
Published: November 2022

Near field communication (NFC) is a set of ideas anthe technology that enables smartphones and other devices establish radio communication with each other by touch to each other or to their approach. This technology therefore, it may only be useful for high-end phones. To get over it The downside to this post is the ticketing app system of local trains using RFID technology and based on NFC concept for non NFC. This can be used by all users application without the need for NFC functionality telephones. This will make this application much simpler and more user-friendly friendly to all.
Seronegative Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report
Authors: Aendole Deepali , Lalkaka Jimmy , Jade Jui , Singha Bhim l
Published: November 2022

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Its definitive diagnosis relies on the identification of a specific antibody. Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (LE) is a subset of AE characterized by inflammation of the limbic cerebral cortex. Cognitive decline, behavioral disturbance, and seizures are its cardinal manifestations. We present the case of a 70-year-old man with subacute progressive gait imbalance, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric manifestations. Extensive serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) investigations did not reveal any abnormality. Autoimmune and paraneoplastic encephalitis antibody panels were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) brain scans suggested LE. He responded well to immunotherapy. This case illustrates that AE must be suspected in the appropriate setting, even in the absence of a specific antibody. These patients should be given the benefit of early immunotherapy
“Unconventional” Causes of Acute Kidney Injury: A Critical Nuance of Interpretation and Intervention
Authors: Karoli Ritu , Kumar Bhat Sanjay , Srivastava Rohit , Kaul Anupma
Published: November 2022

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common clinical problems encountered by physicians in day-to-day practice which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The incidence of AKI is increasing so the right approach for interpretation of clinical clues and investigation may be lifesaving. Aim: The study aimed to document the variety of unusual cases of AKI and suggest a case-based approach for clinical evaluation and investigations to help physicians treat such cases. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective analysis of medical/electronic records of 10 patients who were admitted in medical wards between January 2020 and June 2021 and diagnosed to have AKI. Results: We present the history, clinical findings, and investigations of 10 patients diagnosed with unusual causes of AKI. Conclusion: It is important for physicians to recognize unusual causes of AKI. A high index of suspicion and timely diagnosis and treatment interventions may bring complete recovery of renal functions in patients of AKI.
A Systematic Literature Review on Insect Detection in Images
Authors: Souifi Lotfi , Mdhaffar Afef , Rodriguez Ismael Bouassida , Jmaiel Mohamed , Freisleben Bernd
Published: November 2022

Due to the advancements of deep learning (DL), particularly in the areas of visual object detection and convolutional neural networks (CNN), insect detecetion in images has received a lot of attention from the research community in the last few years. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on the topic of insect detection as a case of object detection in images. It covers 50 research papers on the subject and responds to three research questions: i) type of dataset used; ii) detection technique used; iii) insect location. The paper also provides a summary of existing methods used for insect detection.
Informal Institutions and Community Development Protests: Evidence from Sub-municipal Localities in Mexico
Authors: Trasberg Mart
Published: November 2022

Why are citizens in some communities able to protest to bring attention to their grievances, while not in others? While a long literature has contended that informal civil society institutions facilitate contentious collective action, not all organizations do so, and some might even discourage it. I argue in this article that inclusive institutions— open to everyone in a community—facilitate protests, while non-inclusive institutions uniting some particularistic sub-groups within communities hinder them. The former provide communities with broad social networks fostering communal unity, while the latter erode communal unity through provoking internal conflicts. I provide evidence for this theory in the sub-municipal context of Mexico, using statistical analysis of data from an original survey of sub-municipal community presidents and qualitative fieldwork evidence from Puebla and Tlaxcala.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAVI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA
Authors: RAMADHANTI RISKA
Published: November 2022

This research ained to analyze empirically the effect of the Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectually (SAVI) learning model on student learning outcomes on the concept of the excretory system. The method used is a quasi-experimental research design with a non-equivalent control group design. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Cileles in May 2019. The samples used were class VIII B as the experimental class and class VIII A as the control class. Data collection was carried out using tests and observations. The results showed that there was a significant effect of the application of the SAVI model on cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes (p < 0.05) with an average cognitive ability acquisition of 79.0 for the experimental class and 44.8 for the control class. The affective ability of the experimental class is 79.6 and the control class is 65.0. Psychomotor ability in experimental class is 82.6 and control class is 65.0. Based on the results of research, processing and data analysis, it can be concluded that the Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectually (SAVI) learning model has an effect on students' cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes on the concept of the human excretory system in class VIII of SMP Negeri 4 Maja.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara empiris pengaruh model pembelajaran Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectually (SAVI) terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada konsep sistem ekskresi. Metode yang digunakan yaitu quasy eksperiment dengan desain penelitian non equivalent control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Cileles pada bulan Mei tahun 2019. Sampel yang digunakan kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan model SAVI terhadap hasil belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik (p < 0,05) dengan perolehan rata-rata kemampuan kognitif kelas eksperimen 79,0 dan kelas kontrol 44,8. Kemampuan afektif kelas eksperimen 79,6 dan kelas kontrol 65,0. Kemampuan Psikomotorik kelas eskperimen 82,6 dan kelas kontrol 65,0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pengolahan dan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Somatic Auditory Visualization Intellectually (SAVI) berpengaruh pada hasil belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik siswa pada konsep sistem ekskresi manusia di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Maja.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF MODEL JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X A SMA NEGERI 1 SUKODADI
Authors: SUTAHIR SUTAHIR
Published: November 2022

The objectives of this action research are: (a). To find out the increase in learning outcomes of class X A students of SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi in Natural Science subjects, especially in the concept of vector quantities. (b) To find out the increase in learning motivation of class X A students of SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi in Natural Science subjects, especially in the concept of vector quantities. This research is only applied to students of class X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi and is carried out in odd academic year 2022/2023. The material presented is the field of study of Natural Sciences, especially the material of vector quantities. This research uses action research in three rounds/cycles. Each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection, and revision. The target of this research is the students of class X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi in the academic year 2022/2023. The data obtained in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student learning achievement increased from cycle I to cycle III, namely, cycle I (60.87%), cycle II (73.91%), cycle III (86.96%).
ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian tindakan ini adalah: (a). Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam khususnya dalam konsep besaran vektor. (b) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa kelas X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam khususnya dalam konsep besaran vektor. Penelitian ini hanya dikenakan pada siswa kelas X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi dan dilaksanakan pada ganjil tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Materi yang disampaikan adalah bidang studi Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam terutama materi besaran vektor. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga putaran/siklus. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan revisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X A SMA Negeri 1 Sukodadi Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, siklus I (60,87%), siklus II (73,91%), siklus III (86,96%).
PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBANTU METODE MINDMAPPING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: AGINTAYANI AGINTAYANI
Published: November 2022

The application of the Project Based Learning learning model assisted by the Mindmapping method in improving students' skills in writing descriptive texts in English subjects is still very low. Therefore, a learning model is needed that is able to encourage students to be active in teaching and learning activities. Choosing the right learning model is the teacher's duty and responsibility for success in delivering material. The Project Based Learning learning model assisted by the Mindmapping method is indeed very appropriate to use when a teacher wants students to be skilled at making or creating a product. This learning model has proven to be very motivating for students to work, because this model is in accordance with Constructivist learning theory where students are free to design their products, free to try or trial and error, if deemed not good, students can change it, most importantly the content of suitable material. By applying these learning models and media, it is evident that students' skills have increased by up to 50%, whereas previously students' writing skills were only around 30%. From this study it can be concluded that the application of the Project Based Learning learning model assisted by the Mindmapping method can improve students' skills in writing descriptive text.
ABSTRAKPenerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berbantu metode Mindmapping dalam meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik dalam menulis teks deskriptif pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris masih sangat rendah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan model pembelajaran yang mampu mendorong peserta didik aktif dalam kegiatan belajar-mengajar. Pemilihan model pembelajaran yang tepat adalah tugas dan tanggungjawab guru demi keberhasilan dalam menyampaikan materi. Model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berbantu metode Mindmapping ini, memang sangat tepat digunakan ketika seorang guru menginginkan peserta didik untuk terampil membuat atau menciptakan suatu produk. Model pembelajaran ini terbukti sangat memotivasi peserta didik dalam berkarya, karena model ini sesuai dengan teori belajar Kontruktivistik yang mana peserta didik bebas mendesain produknya, bebas mencoba-coba atau trial and error, jika dianggap kurang bagus, peserta didik dapat mengubahnya, yang terpenting isi dari materi sesuai. Dengan menerapkan model dan media pembelajaran tersebut, terbukti keterampilan peserta didik meningkat hingga 50%, sedangkan sebelumnya keterampilan menulis peserta didik hanya berkisar 30% saja. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning berbantu metode Mindmapping dapat meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik dalam menulis teks deskriptif.
An Adjoint-Free Algorithm for CNOPs via Sampling
Authors: Shi Bin , Sun Guodong
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In this paper, we propose a sampling algorithm based on statistical machine learning to obtain conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP), which is different from traditional deterministic optimization methods. The new approach reduces the expensive gradient (first-order) information directly by the objective value (zeroth-order) information and does not use the adjoint technique that requires large amounts of storage and produces instability due to linearization. An intuitive analysis of the sampling algorithm is shown rigorously within the form of a concentration inequality for the approximate gradient. The numerical experiments of a theoretical model, Burgers equation with small viscosity, are implemented to obtain the CNOPs. The performance of standard spatial structures demonstrates that at the cost of losing accuracy, the sample-based method with fewer samples spends time relatively shorter than the adjoint-based method and directly from the definition. Finally, we show that the nonlinear time evolution of the CNOPs obtained by all the algorithms is nearly consistent with the quantity of norm square of perturbations, their difference and relative difference based on the definition method.
Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500 m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)
Authors: van Wees Dave , van der Werf Guido R. , Randerson James T. , Rogers Brendan M. , Chen Yang , Veraverbeke Sander , Giglio Louis , Morton Douglas C.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both
the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area
can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this
sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover
and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field
measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial
resolution of 500 m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on
a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling
framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e. fire-related forest
loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30 m forest loss data and
MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500 m model, we
calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1±0.2
(±1σ interannual variability, IAV) Pg C yr−1 during
2002–2020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6±0.7 %
(uncertainty range =1.9 %–3.3 %) of global burned area and 24±6 % (uncertainty range =16 %–31 %) of emissions, indicating that fuel
consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global
average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the
boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13±4 % of
global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5 Pg C yr−1 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1 Pg C yr−1 from GFED4s.
Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires
undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were
similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global
difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC
emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements.
The higher resolution of the 500 m model also contributed to the difference
by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the
scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages
during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss
algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread
estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned
area detection at resolutions of 30 m and finer show a substantial amount of
burned area that remains undetected with 500 m sensors, suggesting that
global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500 m
estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500 m resolution provides
a framework for further improvements with the development of new
satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use
in the next generation of GFED.
Internal tides off the Amazon shelf during two contrasted seasons: interactions with background circulation and SSH imprints
Authors: Tchilibou Michel , Koch-Larrouy Ariane , Barbot Simon , Lyard Florent , Morel Yves , Jouanno Julien , Morrow Rosemary
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The Amazon shelf break is a key region for internal tide (IT) generation. It also shows a large seasonal variation in circulation and associated stratification. This study, based on a high-resolution model (1/36∘) explicitly forced by tide, aims to better characterize how the ITs vary between two contrasted seasons. During the season from March to July (MAMJJ) the currents and mesoscale eddies are weak while the pycnocline is shallower and stronger. From August to December (ASOND) mean currents and mesoscale eddies are strong, and the pycnocline is deeper and weaker than in MAMJJ. For both seasons, semi-diurnal M2 ITs are generated on the shelf break mainly between the 100 and 1000 m isobath in the model. South of 2∘ N, the conversion from barotropic to baroclinic tide is more efficient in MAMJJ than in ASOND. Local dissipation of the coherent M2 at the generation sites is higher in MAMJJ (30 %) than in ASOND (22 %), because higher modes are favourably generated (modes 2 and 3), making the internal wave packet more dispersive. The remaining fraction (70 %–80 %) propagates away from the generation sites and mainly dissipates locally every ∼ 100 km, which corresponds to the mode 1 reflection beams. About 13 %, 30 %, and 40 % of the M2 coherent IT dissipates at the first, second, and third beams. M2 coherent baroclinic flux propagates more northward during MAMJJ while it seems to be blocked at 6∘ N during ASOND. There is no intensified dissipation of the coherent M2 that could explain the disappearance of the coherent flux. In fact, the flux at this location becomes more incoherent because of strong interaction with the currents. This has been shown in the paper using 25 h mean snapshots of the baroclinic flux that shows branching and stronger eastward deviation of the IT when interacting with mesoscale eddies and stratification during ASOND. Finally, we evaluated sea surface height (SSH) frequency and wavenumber spectra for subtidal (f<1/28 h−1), tidal (1/28 h−1 < f<1/11 h−1), and supertidal (f>1/11 h−1) frequencies. Tidal frequencies explain most of the SSH variability for wavelengths between 250 and 70 km. Below 70 km, the SSH is mainly incoherent and supertidal. The length scale at which the SSH becomes dominated by unbalanced (non-geostrophic) IT was estimated to be around 250 km. Our results highlight the complexity of correctly predicting IT SSH in order to better observe mesoscale and sub-mesoscale eddies from existing and upcoming altimetric missions, notably the Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission.
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of COVID-19 cases attending Rural Health Training Centre of one of the Medical Colleges of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Authors: Vyas Sheetal , Davda Bansi , Modi Krushna , Patel Minal
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Understanding the epidemiological and clinical profile of COVID-19 cases and pattern of disease is very much required for future preparedness. Objective: To assess the epidemiological and clinical profile of cases of COVID 19 Method: Cross sectional descriptive study was carried out at a Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC). All cases in the reported in the month of January 2022 were included in the study. The information about the epidemiological and clinical profile was collected from RHTC records by conducting telephonic interview. Results: Total 83 cases were reported. Among them, 43 (54.4%) cases were in age group 20-39 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.37:1. There was one death and patient had ovarian cancer as co-morbidity. Total 71 patients could be contacted for telephonic interview. Fever was most common symptom and was presenting symptom on first day followed by cough/cold and sore throat. None had shortness of breath or chest pain. Hospitalization rate was 5.63% and none required oxygen supplementation or intensive care. Recovery period was 3-5 days. Out of total, 90% cases were fully vaccinated and 95.8% had knowledge of CAB. Diabetes and hypertension were most common co-morbidities and were statistically significantly more in age > 40 years. Conclusions: The COVID-19 cases in the beginning of year 2022 had clinical presentation different than the earlier waves. Periodic situational analysis can guide in policy making for handling this pandemic in future.
A Retrospective cohort study on Utilization of RashtriyaBalSwasthyaKaryakram (RBSK) Services among children screened at an Urban Health Centre (UHC) of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC)
Authors: Bhatt Gneyaa , Sharma Rashmi , Bakshi Harsh , Oza Divyang , Dave Roshni , Pirzada Azbah
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) is a systemic approach of 4‘D’s (Defect, Diseases, Deficiency, Developmental delay) for early identification and linkage with care, support and treatment. Objectives: (1) Document utilization of RBSK services within a year of referral, (2) Assess reasons for non-utilization of services and (3) Assess out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) among users and non-users of the program. Method: Retrospective Cohort Study was conducted at an Urban Health Centre (UHC) taking two cohorts of children referred for 4‘D’s during April 2018-March 2020 under RBSK. A total of 102 cases were sampled. Probability Proportionate to size (PPS) method was used to ensure proportionate representation of each of 4‘D’s in the sample. Required number of participants in each category were selected randomly. Results: Out of 102 sampled cases, 97 were covered. Utilization of services was 50.5%; major reasons for non-utilization were preference for private providers and reluctance to stay at Comprehensive Malnutrition Treatment Centre (CMTC). Mean OOPE in users was Rs. 21545, significantly less (p <.05) than Rs. 70198 in non-users. Conclusion: After referral by RBSK team, only half utilized the services. Among users, OOPE was less for total cost incurred and also for direct cost incurred like consultation charges, medicines, consumables etc. Counselling those parents whose children are detected with any of 4Ds, to visit Child Malnutrition Treatment Center (CMTC)/ District Early Intervention Center (DEIC) remains a challenge.
Estimation of elder abuse and its associated factors in a rural area of Gujarat: A community based cross sectional study
Authors: Chhaya Jatin , Patel Divyangkumar , Devalia Jayna , Parmar Saloni , Mehta Bhakti , Nandani Jay , Lalvani Gaurav N. , Patel Deep J.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The Indian population experiencing rapid ageing. By 2050, elderly would be 19.5% of the total population. The increasing elderly in society brings with new social problems having tremendous health impact. Elder abuse is a serious but neglected social problem that has adverse consequence on health. Objective: To measure the prevalence of elder abuse and to determine associated factors of elder abuse. Method: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among elderly population aged 60 years and above in the Piparia village of Vadodara district. A sample of 126 study participants were nterviewed to collect data on prevalence of abuse and associated factors leading to abuse. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to draw conclusion from collected data. Results: Prevalence of elder abuse was found to be 28.57%. Emotional abuse was the commonest type of abuse reported. Socio economic status, family type, Tobacco use (Smoke and smokeless) were found to be significantly associated with elder abuse. Conclusion: Elder abuse is prevalent in rural Gujarat. Further evidence is needed to assess the magnitude of the problem and the type of intervention necessary to resolve it.
Effects of Dietary Chia Seeds and Oil on Performance, Egg Quality and Serum Constituents in Quails
Authors: YILDIZ Alpönder , OLGUN Osman , GÜL Esra Tuğçe
Published: November 2022

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary chia seeds and oil levels in laying quails on performance, external and internal egg quality traits, and serum biochemical properties. Total of 90 female Japanese quails 10 weeks old were randomly allocated to five treatment groups consisting of six subgroups, each containing of 3 quails. Quails were fed for 10 weeks with five treatment diets prepared by adding chia seeds (1 and 2%) and chia oil (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) to the basal diet (control). Body weight change was improved by dietary addition of 2% chia seeds (P<0.05), but other performance traits were not affected by the treatments (P>0.05). Compared to control, the supplementation of chia seeds (1 and 2%) and 0.5 g/kg of chia oil to the diet was effective in increasing the eggshell resistance (P<0.01). Other egg quality parameters did not affected by the administration of chia seeds and oil to the diet (P>0.05). Serum glucose and HDL levels increased with the addition of chia seeds (%1) and oil (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) to the diet (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). Serum calcium level, on the other hand, was adversely affected by the addition of high levels of chia seeds (%2) and oil (1.0 g/kg) to the diet (P<0.01). As a result, chia seeds was effective in improving eggshell quality, and chia oil was effective in improving serum glucose and HDL levels in laying quails.
Background of the Origin of the Theory of Natural Law and the Trends of its Development
Authors: KOCHUBAYEV ALEXANDER
Published: November 2022

The human mind has always sought to find such a "divine standard" to build social
life on it. The search for the "divine principle" of the normative regulation of public life led to the formation of the concept of natural law, which, in fact, was designed to ensure a balance between the "divine will" and the normative regulation of public life. The purpose of this article is to show the trends in the development of approaches to the issue of natural law that have existed in the scientific literature in different historical periods, by means of conditionally grouping them into ancient, medieval, new, latest, modern, to find the key idea under the influence of which the theory of natural law arose and developed and to identify the major reasons for the emergence of the idea of natural law and to determine what impact it has had on the modern stage of human history. The article uses the method of historical comparison. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that at present, in the sense of the word usage, jus naturale, the natural law theory of human rights, has given way in professional literature to a new fundamental legal field -the theory of human rights.
Analysis of the Application of Practical Experience and Theoretical Approaches of Psychologists in Emergency Situations
Authors: AVANESYAN HRANT , BABAJANYAN IRINA
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this article is to study the features of the application of practical
experience and theoretical approaches of psychologists in the process of providing
psychological services in difficult post-war situations. The conceptual premises and
features of the methods used in the process of psychological research were summarized
using a specially designed questionnaire. For the analysis, the principle of the mandatory
use of evidence-based psychological assessment in the implementation of counseling,
therapy and other methods of psychological influence was chosen. This survey can
definitely be considered expert, since the professional experience of the respondents
averaged M = 14․2 years and the level of education of the participants fully complies with
the accepted requirements (PhD - 54.2%, masters or graduates’ psychologists - 45.8%).
A detailed analysis of theoretical approaches and generalization of practical experience in
emergency, post-war and epidemiological difficult situations will allow us to develop a
special approach to the organization of psychological services, which in turn can help
restore and maintain the physical and mental health of the population.
The Recovery Attempts of the So-Called «Red Kurdistan» 1988-1992
Authors: TARVEDIAN SATENIK
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this article is to highlight the attempts to restore the so-called "Red
Kurdistan" in the period 1988-1992.
This is a topic worth studying for Armenia and Artsakh, as it refers to the
establishment of Kurdish autonomy with Berdzor center on the territory of Artsakh in
1992. The article presents the measures taken by the Kurds in parallel with the collapse
of the USSR, which were aimed at establishing Kurdish autonomy.
The text of the declaration of independence of "Red Kurdistan" in Armenian
translation is partially presented.
The article draws attention to the prehistory of “Red Kurdistan”. The historical facts
referring to the Kurdistan county, created in 1923-1929 are also presented. The work
presents the parallel events taking place in Artsakh and Azerbaijan.
The task is to study actions aimed at the establishment of Kurdish autonomy, the
contributing factors and consequences.
There is not much research on the subject, so we have mostly tried to gather
information from the people who took part in the events. The main sources of the study
were A. Hakobyan's memories and the book “History of Caucasian Kurdistan” by V.
Mustafaev.
The research methodology is based on the witness and participant testimonies,
memories, historical-comparative and analytical methods.
As a result of the study, the conclusion is drawn that although Kurdish autonomy
was not established on the territory of Artsakh, it became an occasion for Azerbaijan to
create narratives on Armenian-Kurdish relations.
THE THEORETICAL BASIS AND FEATURES OF FREEDOM OF
INFORMATION AS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT
Authors: AVETISYAN EDGAR
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the issue of the right to freedom of information, which has a
special place in the system of basic human rights, which is subject to changes in any
period of human history. In the modern world of enormous changes, the systematic study of such rights is becoming more and more urgent.
Within the framework of research the goal of revealing its theoretical-legal bases
and features has been put forward. In order to achieve this goal, the research presented
the issues of clarifying the concept of freedom of information in the theoretical-normative sphere, presenting it from the point of view of a fundamental right, and considering it as a right and freedom.
The study was conducted using scientific methods of abstraction, analysis and
combination.
The research presents the Armenian-foreign theoretical definitions given to the
freedom of information, as a result of which the broad meanings of the law under
discussion are completed. Freedom of information is presented from the point of view of right and freedom, the structural elements of it as a fundamental right are separated. The study concludes by clarifying and summarizing the scope of the legal entity, the
addressee and object, the legal entity's claim and the scope of the state's responsibilities within the framework of the fundamental right to freedom of information.
Desigualdades sociales en la salud y el control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Cebrián Cuenca Ana María
Published: November 2022

Los determinantes sociales son condiciones del entorno en los que las personas nacen, viven, aprenden, trabajan, juegan y envejecen que afectan a los resultados en salud y calidad de vida y al manejo de las patologías, sobre todo crónicas. En este artículo repasamos cómo influyen las desigualdades sociales, las diferencias entre países, género, lugar de residencia, contexto social y comunitario, y, por supuesto, cómo ha influido la pandemia de la COVID-19 en el control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Health Effects Associated with Working Postures Among Beauticians
Authors: Sutaria Shivani , Lakhani Himadri
Published: November 2022

Background: In the beauty industry the people who are working are named as cosmetologists, aestheticians, beauticians, massage and beauty therapists. Progression of musculoskeletal disorders occurs in this work area due to constrained body positions, repeated movements, and energy concentration on small parts of the body, like the hand, wrist, place of work that does not allow satisfactory recovery among movements. So the aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of disorders among beauticians in Ahmedabad.
Method: A total of 150 beauticians were contacted out of which 19 beauticians dropped out of study as they were not willing to participate. A questionnaire based survey was done on remaining 131 beauticians who were between the age group of 20 to 50 years, having work experience of 5 to 30 years including both genders. Beauticians filled the questionnaire on their own.
Results: The preference of work postures was different amongst beauticians. 120 beauticians complained of fatigue. 92% beauticians prefer to work in standing posture; however only 15% beauticians work in sitting postures. 55% of them complain of low back pain, 48% had pain in lower limb, 25% complained of neck pain and 20% suffered from shoulder pain. 18% of beauticians complained of vertigo and dizziness (BPPV).
Conclusion: This study concluded that the musculoskeletal ailments, 55% of them complained of back pain, 48% had pain in lower-limb. Almost 120 beauticians complained of fatigue throughout the year which hiked during cultural functions or occasions.

Key words: beauticians, musculoskeletal disorders, vertigo, dizziness, posture
Cash Crop Farming Among Small Scale Tea Farmers and its Contribution to Food Security of Households in Vihiga County, Kenya
Authors: Onchwari Callen Kerubo , Chege Peter , Kamuhu Regina
Published: November 2022

Tea farming is common in Kenya, and most of it is produced by smallholder farmers. Further, there is very minimal data currently on the food security status among households of small-scale tea farmers in Kenya. This study investigated smallholder tea farmers' household food security status in Vihiga County, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional analytical study. A Multistage sampling technique was employed in this study, and a sample of 310 was considered. In the first stage, Vihiga County was purposively selected, while the respondents were randomly selected. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and means, were used to describe the data. Most people had 3 acres of land (45.5%), while (3.1%) had more than 6 acres. Cash crops took the highest portion of their land. Most households (49.0%), focusing on children under five, consumed four food groups daily. The DDS was low (4.5 ± 2.1), with only about 15% meeting the minimum requirements for dietary diversity, meal frequency, and adequate diet, while most households >90% took cereals, pulses, vegetables, sugar, and fat. The production from tea was low (104.3 ± 24.7) kg while the income from tea was not reliable, with a kg being paid at 18 KES. However, most of the tea-based income was not used to access food. Most of the tea-based income was not used to access food. The production from tea was low (104.3 ± 24.7) kg while the income from tea was unreliable. Men controlled the tea and any other income, with a few drinking the proceeds. Consumption of cereals, pulses, vegetables, and chicken was okay. However, the consumption of the other food groups was low. The study recommends the empowerment of women so that they make decisions on food production, income, and use and further the review of tea pay policy to ensure payment that is commensurate with input as well as more sensitization of mothers on more allocations of funds to the food use of the available funds for a diversified health diet.

Key words: Cash crop farming, Small-scale tea farmers, Food security, Households
Green Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as an Instrument for Sustainable Development
Authors: VASSILEVA Antoaneta
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyse green Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as an instrument to contribute to sustainable development. The research of the green PPPs in their international context and the innovative mechanisms for their financial support and implementation is made through a review of their role in the global sustainable development agenda and the policy of the European Union as well as a survey of several case studies. The conceptual framework contains the theoretical background of green PPPs as innovative investment solutions, and the discussion of the results is presented afterwards. The author gives recommendations for overcoming the challenges of the green economy, especially the perception of the collaboration between the private and public sectors in accomplishing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Particular attention is paid to the new dimensions of cooperation as one of the key factors for achieving better socio-economic and environmental conditions.
Deposit Money Banks' Computerization and Financial Inclusion in Nigeria
Authors: Rose Nwafor Chinyere
Published: November 2022

This study examined deposit money banks’ computerization and financial inclusion in Nigeria covering the period 2013Q1 to 2019Q4. Data for the study were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The investigation employed the Ex Post Facto design given that it is targeted at analyzing the impact of some independent variables on a specified dependent variable. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was used to estimate the structural parameters of the model. The major findings of the study were that point on sales contributes positively and significantly to financial inclusion in Nigeria (β = 0.004101, t* = 5.76845), automated teller machines contributes positively and significantly to financial inclusion in Nigeria (β = 0.000405, t* = 2.49681), web Pay contributes negatively and significantly to financial inclusion in Nigeria (β = -0.006088, t* = -5.27666), mobile Pay (MOP) contributes negatively and significantly to financial inclusion in Nigeria (β = -0.001506, t* = -5.79714) and financial deepening contributes negatively and insignificantly to financial inclusion in Nigeria (β = -0.028889, t* = -0.32843). It is therefore the recommendation of the study that the monetary authorities should develop more reliable technological checks to eradicate the possibility of fraud taking over the technological payment channels and the Central Bank of Nigeria should intensify its campaign for the acceptance of web pay by the bankable population since it has been identified as one of the major drivers of financial inclusion.
“SPATRIATO”, UN NEOLOGISMO SEMANTICO D’AUTORE
Authors: CIONCHIN Afrodita Carmen
Published: November 2022

The paper analyses the Italian term spatriato, an author’s semantic neologism coined by Mario Desiati in Spatriati (Einaudi, Turin, 2021), the laureate of the latest Strega Awards, the most prestigious literary prize in Italy. The new meanings come from the corresponding term in the dialect of Puglia, which is where the author comes from. The journalistic documentation of the connotations of the term follows the writer’s interviews in online press.