bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloud Service Brokerage
Authors: Fowley Frank , Pahl Claus , Zhang Li
Published: November 2015

Cloud service brokerage has been identified as a key concern for future Cloud technology research and development. Integration, customization, and aggregation are core functions of a Cloud service broker. The need to cater to horizontal and vertical integration in service description languages, horizontally between different providers and vertically across the different Cloud layers, has been well recognized. In this chapter, the authors propose a conceptual framework for a Cloud service broker in two parts: first, a reference architecture for Cloud service brokers; and second, a rich ontology-based template manipulation framework and operator calculus that describes the mediated and integrated Cloud services, facilitates manipulating their descriptions, and allows both horizontal and vertical dimensions to be covered. Structural aspects of that template are identified, formalized in an ontology, and aligned with the Cloud development and deployment process.
Design of Web Services for Mobile Monitoring and Access to Measurements
Authors: Pencheva Evelina
Published: November 2015

Provisioning of applications and value-added services for mobile (remote) monitoring and access to measurements data is supported by advanced communication models such as Internet of Things (IoT). IoT provides ubiquitous connectivity anytime and with anything. IoT applications are able to communicate with the environment, to receive information about its status, to exchange and use the information. Identification of generic functions for monitoring management, data acquisition, and access to information provides capabilities to define abstraction of transport technology and control protocols. This chapter presents an approach to design Web Services Application Programming Interfaces (API) for mobile monitoring and database access. Aspects of the Web Services implementation are discussed. A traffic model of Web Services application server is described formally. The Web Services application server handles traffic of different priorities generated by third party applications and by processes at the database server's side. The traffic model takes into account the distributed structure of the Web Services application server and applies mechanisms for adaptive admission control and load balancing to prevent overload. The utilization of Web Services application server is evaluated through simulation.
Building Elastic Java Application Services Seamlessly in the Cloud
Authors: Zabolotnyi Rostyslav , Leitner Philipp , Dustdar Schahram
Published: November 2015

Cloud computing is gaining increasing attention from the industry and research; however, there is a lack of advanced Cloud software development tools. While Platform as a Service (PaaS) brings convenient software development platform for application development, it often comes with limitations in terms of application architecture functionality and requires provider lock-in. The Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model may sound like a solution to these problems by enabling application development freedom; however, it necessitates operation at the lower level of virtual machines and snapshots. In this chapter, the authors present CloudScale: a low-overhead middleware framework that migrates Java applications seamlessly to the Cloud with minimal changes in the application code. They focus on the main ideas behind CloudScale and its influence on solving Cloud software development and deployment problems with minimal overhead and Cloud-awareness required from developers.
Drivers of Cloud Computing Adoption for E-Government Services Implementation
Authors: Mohammed Fathey , Ibrahim Othman Bin
Published: November 2015

Adopting and using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the public sector affords undeniable benefits in terms of efficient and cost-effective provision of services, facilitating public management and promoting transparency and participation through e-government systems. However, many governments around the globe face many challenges and still struggle to implement e-government initiatives successfully. Cloud computing may offer a new chance to address many of these challenges by providing elastic scalable, customized, and highly available environment. Moreover, it is already adopted and proved to be advantageous for governmental institutions in different countries. By analyzing some cases, this paper extracts the main drivers of cloud computing adoption in the public sector organizations. Cost saving and the need for scalability are the main common factors that drive public sector organizations to move their services to the cloud.
Model of E-Education Infrastructure based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Bogdanović Zorica , Milić Aleksandar , Labus Aleksandra
Published: November 2015

With rapid increase in the number of users, services, educational content, and required resources, educational institutions face new challenges in design and deployment of IT infrastructure for e-education. This chapter deals with defining and developing a model of IT infrastructure for e-learning by using cloud computing concept. The first challenge is adoption and implementation of digital identity management systems and the second is providing support for a system that would be able to use all advantages of federation systems for digital identities management. The experimental part of the chapter consists of a study directed towards the validation of the proposed IT infrastructure model for e-learning. Research was conducted in the Laboratory for E-Business at the Faculty of Organizational Sciences. The results of the research show that the implemented model of IT infrastructure enables the system of e-learning to be more efficient, flexible, and more economical.
Multi-Cloud Data Management Using Shamir's Secret Sharing and Quantum Byzantine Agreement Schemes
Authors: AlZain Mohammed A. , Li Alice S. , Soh Ben , Pardede Eric
Published: November 2015

Cloud computing is a phenomenal distributed computing paradigm that provides flexible, low-cost on-demand data management to businesses. However, this so-called outsourcing of computing resources causes business data security and privacy concerns. Although various methods have been proposed to deal with these concerns, none of these relates to multi-clouds. This paper presents a practical data management model in a public and private multi-cloud environment. The proposed model BFT-MCDB incorporates Shamir's Secret Sharing approach and Quantum Byzantine Agreement protocol to improve trustworthiness and security of business data storage, without compromising performance. The performance evaluation is carried out using a cloud computing simulator called CloudSim. The experimental results show significantly better performance in terms of data storage and data retrieval compared to other common cloud cryptographic based models. The performance evaluation based on CloudSim experiments demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed multi-cloud data management model.
Cloud Computing and Its Application to Information Centre
Authors: Alam Nihal , Karmakar Ranjan
Published: November 2015

Information and communication technologies are developing very fast and providing us opportunities due to their benefits such as reduced cost, anytime, anywhere availability, as well as its elasticity and flexibility. Cloud computing is one of the newly emerged models for technology that provide us the facility of central remoting of servers to maintain data, software, and application through the use of the Internet. Nowadays it is widely applicable in many areas such as libraries, information centres, in-house, applications and digital library services. Our chapter will focus mainly on: Models of cloud computing, types of cloud suitable for information centres, application of cloud computing with examples, opportunity and risk in developing cloud services, and impact of cloud computing to information centres.
Cloud Computing Implementation Level in Portuguese Companies
Authors: Ferreira Osvaldo , Moreira Fernando
Published: November 2015

The Information Technology (IT) has suffered many advances in recent years due to the development of new hardware and software solutions. These major changes have been noted in recent times in how we interact with applications and services in IT. Cloud computing provides services and applications over the Internet with the promise of infinite capacity and service models of “pay-as-you-go”. In this chapter we describe the main characteristics of Cloud computing, future expectations and analyzes the state of knowledge and implementation in Portuguese companies.
Mobile Cloud Resource Management
Authors: Katzis Konstantinos
Published: November 2015

Providing mobile cloud services requires seamless integration between various platforms to offer mobile users optimum performance. To achieve this, many fundamental problems such as bandwidth availability and reliability, resource scarceness, and finite energy must be addressed before rolling out such services. This chapter aims to explore technological challenges for mobile cloud computing in the area of resource management focusing on both parts of the infrastructure: mobile devices and cloud networks. Starting with introducing mobile cloud computing, it then stresses the importance of resource management in the operation of mobile cloud services presenting various types of resources available for cloud computing. Furthermore, it examines the various types of resource management techniques available for mobile clouds. Finally, future directions in the field of resource management for mobile cloud computing environment are presented.
Customer Satisfaction and the Role of Demographic Characteristics in Online Banking
Authors: Yaya Luc Honore Petnji , Marimon Frederic , Casadesus Marti
Published: November 2015

This chapter proposes a model that (1) analyzes the direct and indirect effects of e-service quality on satisfaction and value with the moderating/mediating role of value as well as (2) analyzes the positive impact of gender, age, education, and income on quality, satisafaction, and value. The overall results show service quality is a major predictor of perceived value, which in turn is positively related to customer satisfaction. The mediating/moderating role of perceived value on the relationship between service quality and satisfaction is confirmed. Contrary to the proposed hypothesis, no relationships and no differences in the various subgroups categories of age, education, and income are detected in terms of service quality, value, and satisfaction. Consequently, customers' demographic characteristics limitation on the adoption of online banking is now history. However, the authors recommend that managers always consider each segment of the customers' demographic profiles individually while making their decisions.
Quality of Work/Life and Service Quality
Authors: Narang Ritu , Singh Smita
Published: November 2015

The chapter focuses on how service quality can be improved by helping the internal customers to improve/enhance the quality of their work/life. Employees play a very significant role in service delivery. To achieve any kind of success in service improvements/innovations the role of employees assumes great significance. It is increasingly being accepted that the nature of services makes them intangible, perishable, heterogeneous, and inseparable. This puts the responsibility of delivering value to the customers on the employees who are directly interacting with them. The competence and attitude of the employee who is the “internal customer” and delivers the services to the external customer is of paramount importance. Service delivery is increasingly becoming the anchor stone due to increase in intensity of competition in the services sector. Since it is the employee who alone can provide this differentiating competitive edge, it is important to understand those factors that operate in an internal customer's work and life and can impact his delivery in the service sector. This chapter seeks to explore the relationship between the quality of work/life of the “internal customer” and the quality of services delivered to the “external customer.”
Cloud Adoption in Enterprises
Authors: Venkatraman Ramanathan , Venkatraman Sitalakshmi
Published: November 2015

This chapter proposes a security and migration framework with business strategic implementation guidelines for successfully adopting cloud services, namely Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in contemporary organisations. As a foundation to achieve this, the authors give emphasis to the importance of considering the security, privacy, and governance issues related to cloud implementations, along with the possible benefits of adopting cloud services in businesses. They discuss the various types of cloud, their deployment models, and service levels as these form the basis for strategically planning the security and migration framework implementation of cloud in an organization. In addition, the authors provide a step-wise security and migration framework that could serve as a business strategic guideline for a successful cloud service adoption in enterprises.
On Controlling Elasticity of Cloud Applications in CELAR
Authors: Copil Georgiana , Moldovan Daniel , Le Hung Duc , Truong Hong-Linh , Dustdar Schahram , Sofokleous Chrystalla , Loulloudes Nicholas , Trihinas Demetris , Pallis George , Dikaiakos Marios D. , Giannakopoulos Ioannis , Papailiou Nikolaos , Konstantinou Ioannis , Sheridan Craig , Loverdos Christos K. K. , Floros Evangelos , Star Kam , Xing Wei
Published: November 2015

Today's complex cloud applications are composed of multiple components executed in multi-cloud environments. For such applications, the possibility to manage and control their cost, quality, and resource elasticity is of paramount importance. However, given that the cost of different services offered by cloud providers can vary a lot with their quality/performance, elasticity controllers must consider not only complex, multi-dimensional preferences and provisioning capabilities from stakeholders but also various runtime information regarding cloud applications and their execution environments. In this chapter, the authors present the elasticity control approach of the EU CELAR Project, which deals with multi-dimensional elasticity requirements and ensures multi-level elasticity control for fulfilling user requirements. They show the elasticity control mechanisms of the CELAR project, from application description to multi-level elasticity control. The authors highlight the usefulness of CELAR's mechanisms for users, who can use an intuitive, user-friendly interface to describe and then to follow their application elasticity behavior controlled by CELAR.
Resource Provisioning in the Cloud
Authors: Mao Ming , Humphrey Marty
Published: November 2015

It is a challenge to provision and allocate resources in the Cloud so as to meet both the performance and cost goals of Cloud users. For a Cloud consumer, the ability to acquire and release resources dynamically and trivially in the Cloud, while being a powerful and useful aspect, complicates the resource provisioning and allocation task in the Cloud. While on the one hand, resource under-provisioning may hurt application performance and deteriorate service quality; on the other hand, resource over-provisioning could cost users more and offset Cloud advantages. Although resource management and job scheduling have been studied extensively in the Grid environments and the Cloud shares many common features with the Grid, the mapping from user objectives to resource provisioning and allocation in the Cloud has many challenges due to the seemingly unlimited resource pools, virtualization, and isolation features provided by the Cloud. This chapter focuses on surveying the research trends in resource provisioning in the Cloud based on several factors such as the type of the workload, the VM heterogeneity, data transfer requirements, solution methods, and optimization goals and constraints, and attempts to provide guidelines for future research.
GPU Scaling
Authors: Jararweh Yaser , Jarrah Moath , Bousselham Abdelkader
Published: November 2015

Current state-of-the-art GPU-based systems offer unprecedented performance advantages through accelerating the most compute-intensive portions of applications by an order of magnitude. GPU computing presents a viable solution for the ever-increasing complexities in applications and the growing demands for immense computational resources. In this paper the authors investigate different platforms of GPU-based systems, starting from the Personal Supercomputing (PSC) to cloud-based GPU systems. The authors explore and evaluate the GPU-based platforms and the authors present a comparison discussion against the conventional high performance cluster-based computing systems. The authors' evaluation shows potential advantages of using GPU-based systems for high performance computing applications while meeting different scaling granularities.
Accelerating Biomedical Research through Semantic Web Services
Authors: Chaleplioglou Artemis
Published: November 2015

In view of the fact that there is a lot of biomedical research data, rapidly accumulating to relevant repositories, there is an urgent need these data to be delivered, as soon as possible, to the specific scientific audience interesting in it. Unfortunately, the current database technologies often isolate data rather than making it easily and freely accessible. A considerable effort by the information scientists is needed to process the resources that meet the scientific query criteria as well as to index and present them as useful metadata. Taking into account that biomedical data are mostly hidden from the public eye, often stored in not indexed databases or libraries and inaccessible by standard search engines, the retrieval, storing, annotating, and qualification of health information remain major challenges. The evolution of the World Wide Web from a collection of unstructured and predominantly human readable data into the Semantic Web of knowledge with meaningful relationships between resources and machine readable data will significantly improve our ability to conduct bioinformatics analyses and to make better clinical decisions that positively affect healthcare outcomes. To this end novel semantic web services arise, which depend on markup ontologies in order to make biological and clinical data logical analysis computational and reasonable processed through the utilization of appropriate algorithms. Herein, we discuss the use of these technologies for the efficient and reliable retrieval of meaningful biomedical data from the relevant resources and repositories.
A New Approach in Cloud Computing User Authentication
Authors: Al-Hamami Alaa Hussein , Al-Khashab Rafal A
Published: November 2015

Cloud computing provides the full scalability, reliability, high performance and relatively low cost feasible solution as compared to dedicated infrastructure. These features make cloud computing more attractive to users and intruders. It needs more and complex security measures to protect user privacy and data centers. The main concern in this chapter is security, privacy and trust. This chapter will give a discussion and a suggestion for using cloud computing to preserve security and privacy. The malicious hacker and other threats are considering the major cause of leaking security of the personal cloud due to centralized location and remote accesses to the cloud. According to attacks, a centralized location can be easier target rather than several goals and remote access is insecure technologies which offer a boundary of options for attackers to infiltrate enterprises. The biggest concern is attackers that will use the remote connection as a jumping point to get deeper into an organization.
Exploring Social Learning Constructs in Corporate Informal Web-based Learning Environments
Authors: Lee Hyunkyung
Published: November 2015

As many organizations have taken an interest in social learning, they have been concerned with how to design effective social learning environments for their learners. Although there are studies regarding the importance of social learning, the use of social learning tools, and the implementation and challenges of social learning in the workplace, there is little research on what social learning constructs are crucial for designing social learning environments. This chapter aims to explore social learning constructs in corporate informal web-based learning environments. To achieve its purpose, this chapter initially identified major social learning constructs in informal web-based learning environments based on theoretical grounds and literature reviews. As a result, learning, community, interaction, and social media were identified as environmental constructs, and motivation and self-efficacy were identified as individual constructs.
Electronic Research Collaboration via Access Grid
Authors: Zhang Jingjing
Published: November 2015

Recent technological advances are providing new and exciting opportunities for researchers to work together across the conventional boundaries of time, distance, and discipline. These advances have formed new networks of research, both in electronic mediums and in face-to-face environments, different from traditional networks in terms of their changing nature and scope. This paper reports some of the preliminary findings from a qualitative case study of the establishment of the ‘EMT project'. It attempts to illustrate how the EMT project as a connected network formulates positive academic interactions and consequently facilitates professional learning immersed in research activities. In parallel, the study examines the benefits and problems arising from the sense of being together across time and space supported by advanced networked technologies in collaborative research, and further identifies the gap between the academic and the technical perspective in research.
eSF
Authors: Bettoni Marco C. , Bittel Nicole , Bernhard Willi , Mirata Victoria
Published: November 2015

The aim of our chapter is to contribute to a better understanding of E-Collaboration, especially its intimate connection with knowledge and knowledge processes. We begin by presenting a knowledge-oriented understanding of E-Collaboration and an architecture of an E-Collaboration system (people, processes and technology) based on that understanding; then we describe the eSF system (an implementation of this architecture within our team), our experiences with it and what we have learned about the success factors of E-Collaboration.
Online Communities of Practice and Web 2.0
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: November 2015

In contemporary Knowledge Management, communication and collaboration play very significant role. Knowledge exists within the stakeholders of an organization. Such knowledge, when extracted and harnessed effectively, can become an extremely valuable asset to achieve organizational goals and objectives. This knowledge, embedded in the people, must be properly released through an appropriate channel to make it usable. Through dialogue and discussions, using online tools, this release and reuses of knowledge can be made possible. The Community of Practice (CoP) is a useful organizing concept for enhancing collaboration, sharing knowledge, and disseminating best practices among researchers and practitioners. This chapter explores the concept of Communities of Practice and how Web 2.0 technologies can facilitate the transformation from a conventional community of practice to online community of practice for better and effective online communities of practices.
Instructional Technologies of the XXI Century
Authors: Romanenko Vladimir Nikolaevich , Vasil'evna Galina
Published: November 2015

The classical idea of an instructional process is to create some new knowledge, skills and abilities, so-called KSAs. If a student has a set of KSAs at the beginning of a learning process and if he or she has a new set of them at the end of a learning period we can say the instructional activity transforms the student from the starting state (state number 1) to the final state (state number 2). One can define such transformation as an effective action. It is possible to describe each action as a set of external impacts. In the case when this set is a series of standard actions, which usually give a predicted result, we can say it is a traditional education technology in so-called triad form: object number 1 transfers into object number 2. It is possible to present this in the form of a matrix equation. This equation is the main one in the general theory of technologies. The main idea of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of an instructional process based on mathematical descriptions, which was developed in the general theory of technologies.
Concept Science Evidence-Based MERLO Learning Analytics
Authors: Shafrir Uri , Kenett Ron S.
Published: November 2015

This chapter is about Concept Science Evidence-Based MERLO Learning Analytics, an educational informatics system based on the teaching and learning methodologies described in the chapter on “Learning in the Digital Age with Meaning Equivalence Reusable Learning Objects (MERLO)” (Etkind, Kenett, & Shafrir, 2015). It collects, documents, analyzes, and reports data gathered from implementation of a pedagogy for conceptual thinking and peer cooperation in elementary, secondary, and post-secondary educational institutions, as well as from learning programs in private and public organizations.
Perceptions of Teacher Candidates' Experiences in Paired Placements
Authors: Jechura Jeanine B. , Bertelsen Cynthia Diane
Published: November 2015

This qualitative inquiry described the nature of paired placements within a revolutionary new teacher education program designed to prepare undergraduate teacher education candidates for employment in inclusive early childhood learning environments. The focus of this project, reflecting a Vygotskian lens, has emerged into a five-fold examination: to document the ways that pairs work together, to articulate the outcomes of pairings as contrasted with single arrangements, to identify the practices that make pairings successful or not, to examine the practice of pairing students from the mentor teachers' perspective, and to explore how collaboration between student teachers and mentor teachers lead to critical reflection about teaching. Data sources included semi-structured interviews with teacher candidates and cooperating mentors and teachers, observations and field notes. The site for this study was a university-based early childhood center.
Semantics and Pragmatics in Mathematical Events
Authors: Kanvaria Vinod Kumar
Published: November 2015

The current chapter throws light on mathematical semantics and pragmatics. Believing that the mathematics has its own language and hence linguistics principles, the chapter tries to have an in-depth insight on how learner makes a meaning from an even simple event, while it takes place, and how these finally are assimilated by the learner. As learning is also experiential in nature, the contextual values, relationship, rapport, trust, confidence, in addition to simple interaction and plain interaction between learners and facilitators, play a vital and significant role in conceptual semantics and pragmatics of events and understanding of underlying mathematics. Context and situation are capable enough of changing perception-based mathematical meaning and meaning-making process, based on linguistics, associated with even the similar simple events. Hence, the context and situations must be created, associated and exploited up to the optimum level for enhanced conceptual teaching and learning of mathematics at par the daily life experiences for a better meaning-making process.
Dynamic Business Collaborations Through Contract Services
Authors: Nepal Surya , Chen Shiping
Published: November 2015

New applications have recently emerged within the domains of e-Health, e-Science, e-Research and e-Government that require the formation of dynamic collaborations between independent, autonomous business organizations for the duration of a project designed with a specific purpose. To successfully create and manage such collaborations, there is a need of a standard way to specify: (a) what resources are required, (b) who will contribute resources, (c) the type of access required to these resources, (d) agreement and obligations of the partners within the business collaboration, with the terms and conditions specified in the agreement, and (e) how to instantiate, maintain and terminate such business collaborations easily and in a well understood manner. The authors address these issues through the creation, negotiation and execution of an agreed electronic contract. First, this paper provides a framework for an electronic contract (e-Contract) by introducing a Web Service Collaborative Context Definition Language (WS-CCDL), which was developed in the context of dynamic business collaboration. Then, the authors illustrate its use with a universal (anywhere) connectivity service for a tele-Collaboration application in the context of e-Research domain. Both architectural design and implementation considerations are provided to highlight the feasibility and complicity of the technologies.
DNA-PKcs Is Involved in Ig Class Switch Recombination in Human B Cells
Authors: Björkman Andrea , Du Likun , Felgentreff Kerstin , Rosner Cornelia , Pankaj Kamdar Radhika , Kokaraki Georgia , Matsumoto Yoshihisa , Davies E. Graham , van der Burg Mirjam , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Hammarström Lennart , Pan-Hammarström Qiang
Published: November 2015

Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) is one of the major DNA double-strand break repair pathways in mammalian cells and is required for both V(D)J recombination and class switch recombination (CSR), two Ig gene–diversification processes occurring during B cell development. DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) is a component of the classical NHEJ machinery and has a critical function during V(D)J recombination. However, its role in CSR has been controversial. In this study, we examined the pattern of recombination junctions from in vivo–switched B cells from two DNA-PKcs–deficient patients. One of them harbored mutations that did not affect DNA-PKcs kinase activity but caused impaired Artemis activation; the second patient had mutations resulting in diminished DNA-PKcs protein expression and kinase activity. These results were compared with those from DNA-PKcs–deficient mouse B cells. A shift toward the microhomology-based alternative end-joining at the recombination junctions was observed in both human and mouse B cells, suggesting that the classical NHEJ pathway is impaired during CSR when DNA-PKcs is defective. Furthermore, cells from the second patient showed additional or more severe alterations in CSR and/or NHEJ, which may suggest that DNA-PKcs and/or its kinase activity have additional, Artemis-independent functions during these processes.
A dangerous adverse event in the use of dabigatran
Authors: Monti Manuel , Vincentelli Giovanni Maria , Borgognoni Francesco , Murdolo Giuseppe , Menghini Feliciano
Published: November 2015

Not required
Chrysis monticola Linsenmaier, 1999 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae), a new species for the European fauna
Authors: Rosa Paolo , Livory Alain , Baldock David
Published: November 2015

Chrysis monticola Linsenmaier, 1999, previously known for northern Africa, was collected in different sites in Algarve and Baixo Alentejo in Portugal. A list of the known species of the C. aestiva group is given and Chrysis amurensis Semenov, 1967 is transferred from the C. aestiva group to the C. splendidula group.
Editorial
Authors: Alessandrello Anna
Published: November 2015

Not required
Geological Survey of Canada radiocarbon dates XVIII
Authors: Lowdon J A , Blake W
Published: November 2015

This list includes 90 radiocarbon age determinations on 88 geological samples made by the Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. They are on samples from various areas as follows: Newfoundland (4); Prince Edward Island (1); New Brunswick (2); Quebec (9); Ontario (9);
Manitoba (3); Alberta ( 1); British Columbia (23); Yukon Territory ( 1); Northwest Territories, Mainland ( 14); Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (22); Greenland ( 1). Details of background and standard for the 2 L and 5 L counters during the period from September 1, 1977 to September 6, 197
8 are summarized in Tables 1 and 2; Table 3 gives the number of counts used to determine the average background and standard counting rates; and Table 4 lists the number of different background and standard gas preparations used for counting
Reconnaissance geology of the Precambrian Shield of Ellesmere, Devon and Coburg Islands, Arctic Archipelago: a preliminary account
Authors: Frisch T
Published: November 2015

The extensively ice- and snow-covered upland areas of southeastern Ellesmere Island, eastern Devon Island and Coburg Island are underlain by granulite facies rocks of the northernmost Canadian Shield. Rocks of supracrustal origin abound and include migmatitic
garnet-cordierite-sillimanitebiotite gneisses, marble with diopside, forsterite and wollastonite, sillimanite quartzite, clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene amphibolite, and orthopyroxene-bearing gneisses. Other orthopyroxenebearing quartz of eldspathic gneisses are probably def armed intrusive rocks, which
are also represented by massive to crudely gneissic, orthopyroxene-bearing granite and tonalite. The orthopyroxenebearing rocks carry primary biotite invariably and primary hornblende commonly. Various kinds of granite have intruded all these rocks. Granite with biotitic pseudomorphs after
orthopyroxene and locally with garnet is com manly intruded into fresh orthopyroxene-bearing granitoid rocks. A similarly retrograded orthopyroxene granite with prominent perthite porphyroblasts farms large bodies at the northern edge of the Shield. Peraluminous granite with garnet, cordierite
and/or sillimanite and locally rich in aluminous metasedimentary inclusions is particularly widespread in Ellesmere Island. These granites are thought to have farmed by anatexis of aluminous metasediments under granulite facies conditions. Amphibolite facies rocks are of minor importance in the area
and were produced by retrogression from the granulite facies. The granulite facies metamorphism is provisionally envisaged to have taken place at moderate to low pressure and high temperature. The rare presence of the assemblage orthopyroxene + sillimanite +quartz, however, indicates that higher
pressures may have prevailed locally. Limited radiometric data suggest a late Archean age for the main granulite f acies metamorphism and possibly a major Hudsonian deformation . The basement rocks are overlain on the east coast of Ellesmere Island by unmetamorphosed elastic sediments and basalt of
the Neohelikian Thule Group and are bordered on the west and north by lower Paleozoic strata of the Arctic Platform.
Behavioral and Physiological Factors Associated With Selective Eating in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tanner Kelly , Case-Smith Jane , Nahikian-Nelms Marcia , Ratliff-Schaub Karen , Spees Colleen , Darragh Amy R.
Published: November 2015

Selective eating is common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but it is not yet well understood. The objectives of this study were to examine a new definition of selective eating, compare behavioral measures between children with ASD and selective eating and those without selective eating, and determine relationships among behavioral measures and measures of selective eating. Participants were assigned to groups on the basis of number of foods eaten compared with a population-based sample. Results of one-way multivariate analysis of variance indicated no overall effect of group for challenging behaviors, sensory reactivity, or repetitive behaviors. Between-participant tests indicated that scores for compulsive behaviors were significantly lower (p = .036) for the selective eating group. Correlations were moderately strong among variables relating to food intake and behavioral variables, but were not significant between selective eating and behavioral variables. Further research is needed to validate the definition of selective eating and to identify targets for intervention.
Mentoring our graduate students for a positive change
Authors: Buettner, PhD, LRT, CTRS Linda L.
Published: November 2015

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Content validity, reliability, and treatment outcomes of the Buettner assessment of needs, diagnoses, and interests for recreational therapy in long-term care (BANDI-RT)
Authors: Buettner, PhD, LRT, CTRS Linda L. , Richeson, PhD, CTRS Nancy , Connolly, PhD, LRT, CTRS Peg
Published: November 2015

This three-phase project evaluated the content validity and test-retest reliability of an assessment tool aligned with the specific content areas of the Minimum Data Set 3.0. In phase I, 54 experts examined the content and made several suggestions for improvement of the tool. In phase II, recreational therapy (RT) students and experienced practitioners pilot tested the “Leisure History and Interest” checklist and interview section of the assessment. A total of 10 categories were found pertinent to interviewing residents about their recreational interests. In the final phase, 15 certified therapeutic recreation specialists tested and retested 45 residents and provided time-limited treatment. The test-retest reliability coefficient for the overall assessment was found to be very high at 0.93. Positive outcomes of RT treatment were found across all domains for the majority of residents.
Professional characteristics of deficiency citations at F-248 in skilled nursing facilities in the United States
Authors: Legg, PhD, RN-BC, CNHA, GNP-BC, CTRS, FACHCA Timothy J. , Nazarchuk, PhD, MA, MHA, RN Sharon A.
Published: November 2015

In an earlier study, the authors attempted to determine which professional activity group (the certified therapeutic recreation therapist vs certified activity director) received fewer survey deficiencies in the skilled nursing facility. The original study was unable to provide an answer to this question due to low-survey participant response rate. The study was further limited in terms of geographic scope, as it was confined to a single state. The current study replicates that earlier study with an increased sample size and nationwide geographic distribution of participants.
Gross motor skills of children with autism
Authors: Williams, MS Litresh , Guo, PhD, LRT/CTRS Lei , Armstrong, PhD Shirley , Peay, MS Ardashia
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study was to measure the gross motor skills of children with autism, aged 3-5 years, and to compare their performances with the norms for the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Five participants, three girls and two boys, comprised the sample. The results revealed that differences exist in the gross motor skills of children with autism and without autism. Consistent with trends from the general population, differences were found between boys (n _ 2) and girls (n _ 3) with the largest differences found in the Gross Motor Development Quotient (GMDQ). Overall fundamental skill delays were demonstrated by four of the participants, placing them in the below average TGMD-2 performance category. The findings from this study support the need for therapeutic recreation specialists to provide appropriate recreational programs to improve the gross motor skills of young children with autism.
Development and evaluation of a family recreation intervention for families with an adolescent with an autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Townsend, PhD, CTRS Jasmine , Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS Marieke
Published: November 2015

Families with an adolescent with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face a variety of barriers in their attempts to participate in recreation activities in their communities, including the fact that few family recreation programs exist for these families. The purpose of this article is to describe the development and evaluation of a family recreation program for families with an adolescent with an ASD. Families participated in an overnight camp experience centered on outdoor recreation activities such as canoeing, fishing, archery, and a challenge course. Parents participated in two leisure education sessions aimed at developing their understanding of family recreation. Results from an importance-performance analysis indicated that parents evaluated the program positively—rating clean facilities, having a fun and relaxing experience, and having a peaceful outdoor experience as highly important aspects of the program that also performed well. Areas for concentration included staff training, specialized instruction, flexibility in programming, and variety in activities, among others. Implications for practice stem from the results of the evaluation and indicate that, as designed, this camp provided an enjoyable family recreation experience for these families, yet areas for improvement remain.
Atmospheric OH reactivity in central London: observations, model predictions and estimates of in situ ozone production
Authors: Whalley L. K. , Stone D. , Bandy B. , Dunmore R. , Hamilton J. F. , Hopkins J. , Lee J. D. , Lewis A. C. , Heard D. E.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Near-continuous measurements of OH reactivity in the urban background atmosphere of central London during the summer of 2012 are presented. OH reactivity behaviour is seen to be broadly dependent on airmass origin with the highest reactivity and the most pronounced diurnal profile observed when air had passed over central London to the East, prior to measurement. Averaged over the entire observation period of 26 days, OH reactivity peaked at ~ 27 s−1 in the morning with a minimum of ~ 15 s−1 during the afternoon. A maximum OH reactivity of 116 s−1 was recorded on one day during morning rush hour. A detailed box model using the Master Chemical Mechanism was used to calculate OH reactivity, and was constrained with an extended measurement dataset of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from GC-FID and a two-dimensional GC instrument which included heavier molecular weight (up to C12) aliphatic VOCs, oxygenated VOCs and the biogenic VOCs of α pinene and limonene. Comparison was made between observed OH reactivity and modelled OH reactivity using (i) a standard suite of VOC measurements (C2-C8 hydrocarbons and a small selection of oxygenated VOCs) and (ii) a more comprehensive inventory including species up to C12. Modelled reactivities were lower than those measured (by 33 %) when only the reactivity of the standard VOC suite was considered. The difference between measured and modelled reactivity was improved, to within 15 %, if the reactivity of the higher VOCs (≥ C9) was also considered, with the reactivity of the biogenic compounds of α pinene and limonene and their oxidation products almost entirely responsible for this improvement. Further improvements in the model's ability to reproduce OH reactivity (to within 6 %) could be achieved if the reactivity and degradation mechanism of unassigned two-dimensional GC peaks were estimated. Neglecting the contribution of the higher VOCs (≥ C9) (particularly α pinene and limonene) and model-generated intermediates worsened the agreement between modelled and observed OH concentrations (by 41 %) and the magnitude of in situ ozone production calculated from the production of RO2 was significantly lower (60 %). This work highlights that any future ozone abatement strategies should consider the role that biogenic emissions play alongside anthropogenic emissions in influencing London's air quality.
Halocarbon emissions and sources in the equatorial Atlantic Cold Tongue
Authors: Hepach H. , Quack B. , Raimund S. , Fischer T. , Atlas E. L. , Bracher A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Halocarbons from oceanic sources contribute to halogens in the troposphere, and can be transported into the stratosphere where they take part in ozone depletion. This paper presents distribution and sources in the equatorial Atlantic from June and July 2011 of the four compounds bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), methyl iodide (CH3I) and diiodomethane (CH2I2). Enhanced biological production during the Atlantic Cold Tongue (ACT) season, indicated by phytoplankton pigment concentrations, led to elevated concentrations of CHBr3 of up to 44.7 and up to 9.2 pmol L−1 for CH2Br2 in surface water, which is comparable to other tropical upwelling systems. While both compounds correlated very well with each other in the surface water, CH2Br2 was often more elevated in greater depth than CHBr3, which showed maxima in the vicinity of the deep chlorophyll maximum. The deeper maximum of CH2Br2 indicates an additional source in comparison to CHBr3 or a slower degradation of CH2Br2. Concentrations of CH3I of up to 12.8 pmol L−1 in the surface water were measured. In contrary to expectations of a predominantly photochemical source in the tropical ocean, its distribution was mostly in agreement with biological parameters, indicating a biological source. CH2I2 was very low in the near surface water with maximum concentrations of only 3.7 pmol L−1. CH2I2 showed distinct maxima in deeper waters similar to CH2Br2. For the first time, diapycnal fluxes of the four halocarbons from the upper thermocline into and out of the mixed layer were determined. These fluxes were low in comparison to the halocarbon sea-to-air fluxes. This indicates that despite the observed maximum concentrations at depth, production in the surface mixed layer is the main oceanic source for all four compounds and one of the main driving factors of their emissions into the atmosphere in the ACT-region. The calculated production rates of the compounds in the mixed layer are 34 ± 65 pmol m−3 h−1 for CHBr3, 10 ± 12 pmol m−3 h−1 for CH2Br2, 21 ± 24 pmol m−3 h−1 for CH3I and 384 ± 318 pmol m−3 h−1 for CH2I2 determined from 13 depth profiles.
Complex environmental beta-plane turbulence: laboratory experiments with altimetric imaging velocimetry
Authors: Matulka A. M. , Zhang Y. , Afanasyev Y. D.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. Results from the spectral analyses of the flows in two experiments where turbulent flows were generated in a rotating tank with topographic β-effect, are presented. The flows were forced either by heating water from below or supplying fresh water at the top of saline layer. The flow was essentially barotropic in the first experiment and baroclinic in the second experiment. The gradient of the surface elevation was measured using optical altimetry (Altimetric Imaging Velocimetry). Multiple zonal jets of alternating direction were observed in both experiments. Turbulent cascades of energy exhibit certain universal properties in spite of the different nature of flows in the experiments.