bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of academic skills training on academic self-efficacy and motivation in nursing and midwifery students: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Kordsalarzehi Fatemeh , Salehipour Sajad , Hamedani Mahsa Asadollahi , Jahromi Rokhsare Zarei , Arbabisarjou Azizollah , Ghaljeh Mahnaz
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

Improving academic performance and achievement in students depends on many factors. Two important factors to achieve the above goals are creating academic self-efficacy and motivation in students. This study was conducted to determine the impact of academic skills training on academic self-efficacy and motivation in nursing and midwifery students at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 120 nursing and midwifery students in 2022. Students were selected through convenience sampling and then randomized into the intervention (N = 60) and control (N = 60) groups. Data collection tools included a demographic form and a self-efficacy and motivation academic scale. For students in the intervention group, first completed the demographic form and the self-efficacy and motivation academic scale. Then, they attended eight 90-minute sessions of academic skills training held two sessions weekly for 4 weeks online. Again, students completed scales at baseline as well as 4 weeks after the sessions were finished. For students in the control group, however, did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

RESULTS:

The mean scores in academic self-efficacy and motivation showed no significant difference between the intervention and control groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). While 4 weeks after the implementation of academic skills training, the two groups were significantly different between the mean self-efficacy and motivation (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

To have motivated and successful students in the field of education, it is necessary for decision-makers to increase self-efficacy and motivation in students through appropriate planning in the field of holding meetings to teach academic skills and provide the basis for students’ academic achievement.
Investigating the relationship between anthropometric indicators of the mother during pregnancy with the weight, height, and head circumference of the infant at birth: A mother-infant cohort study
Authors: Asadi Leila , Mohebbi-Dehnavi Zahra , Tabatabaei Razieh Sadat , Dadbinpour Ali , Vakili Ghasem Abad Mahmood
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

The growth and development of the fetus inside the womb depends on several factors, including the weight gain of the mother during pregnancy. The aim of the current research is to determine the relationship between anthropometric indicators of the mother during pregnancy and the weight, height, and head circumference of the infant at birth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study is a Historical cohort study that was conducted on 1623 pregnant mothers from the beginning of pregnancy to delivery by census method in 4 reference and specialized gynecology and obstetrics hospitals affiliated to Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd from 2016 to 2021. The tools used were the questionnaires approved by the Ministry of Health and the Research Council of the University to conduct the mother-infant cohort. Data analysis was performed with SPSS Software Version 22 with analytical statistical tests.

RESULTS:

The baby’s weight had a significant negative relationship with the mother’s weight and the mother’s body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy. The baby’s height had a significant positive difference with the body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy. The baby’s head circumference had a positive and significant relationship with the mother’s weight in the third trimester of pregnancy.

CONCLUSION:

According to the results of the study and the importance of the health of the mother during pregnancy due to the effect on the health of the fetus, it is recommended to monitor the weight of mothers more sensitively from before pregnancy to the end of pregnancy.
Interventional study on cervical cancer health literacy among Anganwadi teachers—An interprofessional approach
Authors: Nagamma Takkella , Chandrasekaran Varalakshmi , Konuri Anjaneyulu , Ashok Lena
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

Cervical cancer health literacy among Anganwadi teachers is very important. Further, they can educate community women through Anganwadi centers. The study aimed to assess cervical cancer health literacy among Anganwadi teachers by interventional study (pre-test survey followed by post-test survey)—an interprofessional approach.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 141 women aged 18–50 years were employed in Anganwadi’s in Udupi district. The participants were randomly assigned to the control (79) and intervention groups (62). Participants in the control group received health education through pamphlets, while the interventional group received health education through video. A validated questionnaire was designed to assess their knowledge and awareness about various risk factors, pap smear tests, and prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Written consent was taken from all the women who voluntarily participated in the study. Descriptive data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Change in knowledge was assessed using the Student’s t-test.

RESULTS:

On the pre-test, 38% and 35.5% in the control and interventional groups felt that personal hygiene was important to prevent cervical cancer. Both the groups had poor knowledge about causes (93.6%; 72.6%), Pap smear to detect cancer (91.9%; 76%), and symptoms (91%; 91.9%). Post-intervention, health literacy of cervical cancer was significantly (P = 0.001) improved in the video as an intervention group.

CONCLUSION:

The intervention in the form of the pamphlet and video showed a very good impact on health literacy of cervical cancer. This study supports the importance of interventions in the form of videos and pamphlets to upgrade the level of health education about cervical cancer.
Socioprofessional perceptions of paramedical students about their future careers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: El Fadely Abdelmonim , Ait Babram Mohamed , Selmaoui Sabah , Agorram Boujemaa
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:

The phenomenon of specialization among nursing categories often challenges the formation of a cohesive professional identity and may generate difficulties in professional adaptation. Essential to this identity’s development is establishing universally shared representations among paramedic students. This study explores socioprofessional representations of paramedical students, comparing them across two student categories.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in two programs: the first “nursing care” and the second “healthcare-techniques” in the Marrakech-Safi region of Morocco. Employing a consensus sampling approach with 725 students, 695 individuals provided their responses. Regarding the theoretical framework, this study uses the structural approach of social representations. Data were collected through free and hierarchical associations, analyzed through prototypical analyses, similarity analyses, and a Chi-squared test, using IRaMuTeQ (version 0.7) and SPSS (version 22) software.

RESULTS:

The findings emphasize heterogeneous representations, with some common elements and others unique to each group. First, nursing students perceivedthe nursing profession as not only laborious and stressful (P = .005) but also autonomous (P = .001), demandingprofessional values and interpersonal qualities such as empathy, humanity, and availability. On the contrary, healthcare technician studentsprimarily centered their perception of the profession on clinical practice concepts such as technique and examination. They also perceivedthe hospital (P = .004) as a favorable setting for their practice.

CONCLUSION:

It is therefore incumbent upon various stakeholders in the nursing education to recognize and address the different perspectives and beliefs that students bring to the training and implement strategies to minimize potential representational divergences.
Scrutinized Report of Artificial Intelligence in the Field of Dentistry and Forensic Odontology
Authors: Ashwini R. , Dineja Raman
Published: February 2025

Our daily lives have been significantly impacted by electronic globalization and the enormous technical advances in recent decades. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a development in digital science that is quickly gaining ground on academics worldwide. Through clinical data and diagnostic images, AI has been used to diagnose a number of oral ailments, including dental caries, maxillary sinus diseases, periodontal diseases, diseases of the salivary glands, TMJ disorders, and oral cancer. AI could forecast the appearance of precancerous diseases using larger data sets. The identification of the victim, the offender, or the method of the crime has become a creative process in today’s society as crime-related incidents are on the rise. The development of massive data analysis, as well as the use of technologies such as mode identification, in-depth learning, and computer vision techniques, resulted in ground-breaking advancements in AI. Forensic scientists, both domestically and overseas, have recently carried out a number of investigations based on AI technology, including facial recognition, age and gender identification, DNA analysis, and postmortem examination. AI technology can be used to tackle forensic identification issues, and it can also used to identify the cause of death. Beyond the human eye’s capabilities, AI is capable of accurately detecting microfeatures that can improve important diagnosis predictive value. This study’s objective is to give a high-level review of AI and how it may be used in digital dentistry and oral disease diagnosis.
Pomegranate Peel Powder: An Effective and Environmentally Friendly Tool for Developing Latent Fingerprints on Nonporous Surfaces
Authors: Darshan R. S. , Sharma Vaibhav , Sharma Anuj , Rai Abhishek R. , Kumari Poonam , Gautam Archana , Singh Anubhav , Mishra Vaibhav , Awasthi Kumud Kant , Sankhla Mahipal Singh
Published: February 2025

Background:

Invaluable forensic evidence can be found in latent fingerprints, which are invisible to the naked eye. The integrity of the evidence may be compromised by conventional fingerprint production techniques that use chemicals, powders, and lasers and pose environmental dangers. Pomegranate peel powder, made from the rind of the fruit that is native to the Middle East and South Asia, offers a natural alternative.

Aims and Objectives:

The usefulness of pomegranate peel powder as a non-damaging agent for latent fingerprint development on a variety of non-porous surfaces is investigated in this study.

Materials and Methods:

The powder is used to develop all three types of fingerprints i.e. sebaceous, eccrine and natural on various non-porous surfaces (steel, glass slide, iron and granite).

Results:

According to our study, pomegranate peel powder produces remarkable outcomes and highlights its non-toxic properties and ability to preserve the evidence.

Conclusion:

Pomegranate peel powder can be an effective and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional techniques for fingerprinting in forensic science.
A Study on the Variations in Chinese Character Libraries: A Case Study of Song Typeface
Authors: Chen Fushi , Han Xingzhou , Duan Xingyu , Yang Yang
Published: February 2025

Background:

Documents play an essential role in societal operations, where ensuring their authenticity and integrity is paramount. Despite this, documents are susceptible to alterations, such as forgery or tampering, which can undermine their reliability. Forensic document examination is critical in detecting these modifications, thus safeguarding legal and procedural standards.

Aims and Objectives:

Conventionally, such examinations have concentrated on elements such as printing devices, document formatting, and print steganography, with limited attention given to the textual content itself. This study seeks to bridge that gap by focusing on the typeface variations in printed documents, using the Chinese Song typeface as a case study.

Materials and Methods:

For the first time, this research systematically explores the differences in typeface versions across printed documents, concentrating on a dataset of 3500 commonly used Chinese characters. We statistically analyzed and compared 29 different versions of four mainstream Chinese typefaces currently available on the market.

Results:

Leveraging Python-based tools, we replaced the traditional printing process with digital image rendering to conduct our analyses, employing both traditional overlay comparison methods and image differentiation techniques. Furthermore, we introduced an innovative metric to quantify character variation.

Conclusion:

Based on these findings, we identified a subset of frequently used characters with significant forensic examination value, offering pioneering insights into the practical application of typeface version analysis in document forensics.
Forensic Comparison of Acoustic Voice Samples Recorded in Different Mobile Phone Devices: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sharma Bhavya , Yadav Bhuvnesh , Kumar Sanjeev , Bumbrah Gurvinder Singh , Sharma Aman
Published: February 2025

Background:

The nature of voice as forensic evidence holds immense value. The voice examination is highly influenced by various factors such as recording devices, environmental factors, and individual health conditions beyond the norm. The rapid advancement of technology has led to the evolution of numerous recording devices including tape-based recorders, reel-to-reel-based recorders, and analog tape recorders which have transitioned into digital recording media. The widespread accessibility of mobile phone devices, be it Android, iOS, or Feature phone, has significantly increased the prevalence of voice evidence in criminal cases.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aims to determine the optimal sampling rate of various recording devices in forensic voice analysis, conduct qualitative and statistical comparisons of voice acoustic parameters across Android, iOS, and feature mobile phones, and identify the most suitable mobile device for forensic voice analysis.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty voice samples from twenty individuals (10 males and 10 females) were recorded across three different recording devices and, then examined and analyzed using Goldwave and Praat software, and statistical analyses was conducted.

Results:

It was observed that only a few parameters jitter local, jitter ddp, harmonic mean autocorrelation, mean noise-to-harmonic ratio, mean harmonic-to-noise ratio, and intensity exhibited notable statistical differences among the voice samples recorded on different devices.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that while different devices displayed variations in numerical parameter values, the speaker’s individual characteristics in perceptual identification remained largely intact. Thus, recordings from these devices can be utilized for forensic voice comparison, analysis, and identification.
Analyzing the Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence in Facilitating Medico-Legal Investigations and Enhancing Forensic Processes for Emergency Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Singh Rajiv Ratan , Tripathi Sachin Kumar , Bharti Azad Kumar , Yadav Pradeep Kumar
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

To ensure the best possible patient outcomes, trauma, and emergency treatment require rapid and accurate evaluations. Since the technology’s introduction, many people have been interested in using artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance trauma and emergency care procedures. However, substantial medicolegal issues are brought up by the use of AI in this field. This abstract looks at the function of AI in trauma and emergency circumstances and emphasizes the medicolegal significance of the technology.

Aim:

This study’s objective is to assess the possible advantages of AI in trauma and emergency treatment while also looking at the medicolegal consequences of its application.

Methodology:

For this investigation, we conducted a comprehensive literature review using the Bullion Words database. The initial search yielded 20,800 results, from which 16,630 papers were selected based on their quality and relevance. After careful analysis, a total of 4170 samples were identified. However, due to download issues, 3295 samples had to be excluded. Subsequently, we were left with 875 samples, but after considering the quality and other variables, 848 samples were further excluded. Finally, the study concluded with a final sample size of 27.

Results:

AI improves trauma and emergency care by aiding early injury detection, accurate decision-making, and treatment planning. However, medicolegal concerns must be addressed for responsible AI implementation, including patient privacy, data security, liability, and ethics.

Conclusion:

AI can revolutionize trauma and emergency care by improving diagnosis, decision-making, and patient outcomes. However, robust legal frameworks and ethical guidelines are needed to address medicolegal concerns and strike a balance between benefits and challenges. Collaboration between health-care professionals, policymakers, and legal experts is crucial for responsible AI implementation in trauma and emergency settings.
Impact of Community-Based Oral Health Education Programs on Dental Caries Prevalence in School-Aged Children
Authors: Parmar Digvijaysinh , Anjali  , Verma Rajnish Kumar , Sakhamuri Sahithya , Dalapati Chandan , Bennadi Darshana , Tiwari Heena Dixit
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Dental caries remains a major public health concern among school-aged children. Community-based oral health education programs have been implemented to reduce the prevalence of caries by promoting oral hygiene and preventive care.

Methods:

A prospective research was conducted on 200 school-aged children to evaluate the impact of a six-month community-based oral health education program. The children were divided into two groups: the research group (received oral health education) and the control group (received no intervention). Data were collected on dental caries prevalence, oral hygiene practices, and caries risk factors at baseline and after six months. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare caries prevalence before and after the intervention.

Results:

The prevalence of dental caries in the research group significantly decreased after the six-month program, with a reduction of 25% compared to the control group, where there was a minimal reduction.

Conclusion:

Community-based oral health education programs are effective in reducing dental caries prevalence in school-aged children by promoting preventive practices and oral hygiene awareness.
The Influence of Implant Surface Treatments on Osseointegration: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Karni Prashant A. , Begum Khadiza , Sharma Garima , Abdul Hina Naim , Yaqoob Ashfaq , Mansoor Manawar Ahmad , Tiwari Rahul
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Osseointegration is crucial for the long-term success of dental implants. Various surface treatments have been developed to enhance the biological interaction between the implant and bone tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different surface modifications on osseointegration.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 participants, who were randomly divided into three groups. Group A were treated with acid-etched implants, Group B were treated with titanium plasma-sprayed implants, and Group C were treated with untreated implants. Key parameters measured included the osseointegration rate, implant stability, and the bone-to-implant contact percentage.

Results:

Statistically significant differences in osseointegration were observed among the groups. Group A showed the highest osseointegration rate, followed by Group B, with P values < 0.05 when compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

Acid-etched surfaces demonstrated superior osseointegration, suggesting that surface modification can enhance implant success.
PCNA and MCM 2 in Odontogenic Tumors: An Immunnohistological Study
Authors: Nayak Sarat K. , Dash Mitali , Shetty Anshuman , Priyadarshini R. S. Gayathri , Panakaje Mangesh S. , Ibrahim Mohammed , Dixit Heena
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

The proliferative potential of odontogenic tumors is an important factor in understanding their aggressive behavior. “Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA)” is a functional and structural component of DNA replication factor, while “Minichromosome Maintenance Protein 2 (MCM2)”, from the MCM family, mediates cell proliferation as well as progression through to S-phase. Here, we aimed to evaluate the expression of PCNA and MCM2 in odontogenic tumors with a special emphasis on ameloblastomas and “keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs)”.

Materials and Methods:

Immunohistochemical staining for PCNA and MCM2 was performed in tissue samples of ameloblastoma and KCOT. The expression levels were studied.

Results:

Both PCNA and MCM2 were overexpressed significantly higher in ameloblastomas compared to KCOT. A strong correlation was also noted between increased MCM2 expression and local invasiveness of tumour (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

We have studied the expression of MCM2 in a series of ameloblastomas (using an immunohistochemical method) and found this marker to be expressed at high levels; thus, it could potentially serve as a prognostic marker for these aggressive tumors.
Efficacy of Different Rehabilitation Protocols Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Christy Chrisphin , Hameed Hany , Samal Barada Prasanna , Panja Supantha
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is widely performed for severe knee osteoarthritis, and postoperative rehabilitation plays a key role in optimizing functional recovery. This study compares the efficacy of conventional physiotherapy, virtual rehabilitation, and home-based telerehabilitation following TKA.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial involving 120 patients was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three rehabilitation protocols. Outcomes were measured using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), range of motion (ROM), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA (P < 0.05).

Results:

Virtual rehabilitation showed significantly better KOOS and ROM outcomes at both follow-up points (P < 0.01), while home-based telerehabilitation demonstrated greater pain relief at 6 months (P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

Virtual rehabilitation led to superior functional improvements, while home-based telerehabilitation effectively reduced the pain. These findings suggest that incorporating technology into rehabilitation enhances recovery post-TKA.
A Prospective Clinical Trail to Evaluate the Role and Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type-A for Masseter Muscle Hypertrophy
Authors: Khan Azaram Mohamad , Attar Juberahamad Rajjak , Chawdhary Abrar Ahad , Datla Praveen Kumar Varma , Mishra Vishveshwar , Kandikatla Pradeep
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Masseter muscle hypertrophy (MMH) is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the masseter muscles, leading to facial asymmetry, pain, and functional issues. Traditionally treated through surgical resection, Botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative that reduces muscle bulk and relieves symptoms.

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTX-A in reducing muscle size, and pain, and improving aesthetic outcomes in patients with MMH.

Methods:

A prospective clinical trial was conducted with five patients diagnosed with bilateral MMH. Each patient received 30 units of BTX-A per side, with follow-ups at 3 and 6 weeks post-injection. Outcomes were measured using the Masseter Muscle Prominence (MMP) scale, pain scores, and patient satisfaction questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used for analysis.

Results:

All patients demonstrated a significant reduction in muscle size, averaging 60% at 6 weeks. Pain scores were reduced by 80–100%, and aesthetic satisfaction scores ranged from 8 to 10. No severe adverse effects were reported, with only mild transient bruising and masticatory fatigue observed.

Conclusion:

BTX-A is an effective and safe option for the management of MMH, providing significant aesthetic and functional improvements with minimal side effects. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups is recommended to validate these findings.
Comparison of Portal Vein Diameter with Gastroesophageal Varices in Chronic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Hithendra Mahitha , Gude Anirudh Shanmukh , Kulkarni Ashwin , Rajaram Akash , Shaikh Mohammed Aslam , Suhail Mohammed
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Chronic liver disease (CLD) often leads to complications, such as gastroesophageal varices, which pose significant mortality risks. While upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is the gold standard for variceal detection, it is invasive and costly. Non-invasive imaging methods, such as ultrasound and computed tomography (CT), offer alternative approaches for assessing portal vein diameter (PVD) and spleen size.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the correlation between PVD and the presence and severity of gastroesophageal varices in CLD patients using non-invasive imaging techniques.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 84 CLD patients at M.S. Ramaiah Memorial Hospital over 6 months. Patients underwent clinical assessments, laboratory tests, ultrasonography, and upper GI endoscopy. PVD and spleen size were measured, and data were analyzed using Chi-squared tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results:

The study revealed no significant correlation between PVD or spleen size and the severity of gastroesophageal varices (P value > 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated limited sensitivity (AUC: 0.555 for PVD; 0.581 for spleen size).

Conclusion:

PVD and spleen size are not reliable predictors for gastroesophageal varices in CLD patients. Further research is required to identify other non-invasive markers or improve existing technologies for effective variceal screening.
Study of Dermatoglyphic Patterns (Ridge Count and Angle) in Bronchial Asthma: A Case Control Study
Authors: Sagar Swapnesh , Mandrah Vineet , Jain Bhupendra K. , Petkar Sudhakar , MahendraGandhe  , Dandotiya Dileep , Raghuwanshi Kapil
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Dermatoglyphic patterns can be used as a diagnostic method for identification of a variety of diseases like bronchial asthma.

Objective:

To evaluate dermatoglyphic patterns (ridge count and angle) as a noninsidious anatomical marker of bronchial asthma.

Materials and Methods:

The present research was done on 102 clinically diagnosed bronchial asthma patients reported to OPD of the department of T.B. and Chest. 102 normal healthy individuals who did not have the history of bronchial asthma were taken as controls. Dermatoglyphic recording was done by the ink method of CUMMINS and MIDLO.

Results:

In our study, we found a significantly higher a-b ridge count in left and right hands of cases, compared to left and right hands of controls. The c-d ridge count was also found to be significantly higher in the left and right hands of cases, compared to left and right hands of controls.

Conclusion:

The dermatoglyphic patterns have the statistically significant correlation with the asthma patients. Hence, these patterns can be used as the noninvasive anatomical marker for the patients of bronchial asthma.
Assessment of Surgical Techniques in Periodontal Regeneration and Bone Grafting
Authors: Neha  , Mohanty Biswaroop , Tabasum Syeda T. , Makwana Trupti G. , Mohanty Saumya R. , Ashmi A. J. , Patri Krishna C.
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Periodontal regeneration and bone grafting are essential components of periodontal therapy aimed at restoring lost periodontal tissues and supporting structures. Various surgical techniques have been developed to achieve these objectives, but their effectiveness in clinical practice requires evaluation.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted on subjects undergoing periodontal regeneration procedures and bone grafting at the tertiary care center. Data on patient demographics, preoperative clinical parameters, surgical techniques employed, and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed to compare outcomes among different surgical techniques.

Results:

The research included 60 subjects with a mean age of 45.2 years. Most subjects presented with moderate to severe periodontal defects, primarily classified as Class II. “Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR)” demonstrated superior outcomes compared to “Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR)” in terms of probing depth reduction, clinical attachment gain, radiographic bone fill, and patient satisfaction.

Conclusion:

This research provides evidence supporting the efficacy of GTR over GBR in achieving favorable periodontal regeneration outcomes. These findings have implications for clinical decision making and may guide treatment protocols in managing periodontal defects in tertiary care settings. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and assess long-term treatment outcomes.
Retrospective Review of Surgical Outcomes in Temporomandibular Joint Arthroscopy for Internal Derangement
Authors: Golthi Midhilesh Mohan Krishna , Pappulwar Swati Manohar , Kaur Harveen , Shah Madhuri , Pareek Vaibhav , Baig Fawaz Abdul Hamid , Tiwari Rahul
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The purpose of this retrospective review was to evaluate the surgical results of arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the treatment of internal derangement.

Methods:

Included were 500 individuals who had TMJ arthroscopies between 2010 and 2020. This study, gathered information on preoperative symptoms, imaging results, surgical techniques, postoperative problems, and results. A follow-up duration of 24 months was averaged. To assess changes in discomfort, jaw function, and range of motion, statistical analysis was done.

Results:

After surgery, there were notable improvements, including improved range of motion, a mean increase of 15 mm in maximal interincisal opening, and a mean pain score reduction of 7 points on a visual analog scale. Joint lavage (30%), synovectomy (40%), adhesiolysis (60%), and disc relocation (75%), were the surgical techniques performed. With a 1% incidence of infection and a 3% incidence of temporary facial nerve palsy, complications were uncommon.

Conclusions:

TMJ arthroscopy offers significant benefits in terms of pain, jaw function, and range of motion and is a safe and effective surgical treatment for internal derangement. These results provide credence to the usefulness of arthroscopy as a treatment for intractable temporomandibular joint disorders. To investigate long-term results and improve treatment regimens, more investigation is necessary.
Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss among Truck Drivers: a Cross-Sectional Study in Lucknow
Authors: Mehrotra Anupam , Shukla Sheo P. , Shukla Arvind K. , Manar Manish K. , Singh Shivendra K. , Mehrotra Monica
Published: February 2025

Background: Noise pollution is a significant occupational hazard for heavy-vehicle drivers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hearing loss, specifically noise-induced hearing loss, among truck drivers. Methods: A total of 200 long-distance truck drivers based in Lucknow City were selected for this study. Pure tone audiometry was used to measure air conduction thresholds in each ear at frequencies ranging from 250 to 8000 Hz. The association of risk factors, such as sleep duration, work experience, age, alcohol drinking, and diabetes, with the prevalence of hearing loss among truck drivers was examined. Participants completed a structured questionnaire addressing hearing health and noise exposure. Data were analyzed using Python software, employing statistical tests such as the chi-square test, rank-sum test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Based on the World Health Organization guideline, the overall prevalence of hearing loss among 200 drivers was 50.5% in their better ear, with a higher hearing loss rate in the right ear (73.5%) than in the left ear (59.5%). The average hearing thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz of the drivers’ right and left ears were 32.61 ± 9.85 and 28.66 ± 8.88 dB, respectively. The audiometric analysis identified key risk factors for hearing loss, including shorter sleep duration (≤6 h), extended work experience (>10 years), older age (>40 years), and alcohol drinking, which were further confirmed as significant predictors through multivariate logistic analysis. Conclusion: Hearing loss is highly prevalent among truck drivers, with the right ear being more affected. The study underscores the need for regular hearing assessments and protective measures to mitigate hearing impairment risks.
Investigation of Factors Associated with Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Mental Health Analysis in Children: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Liuqing , Zhang Daqi , Pan Lu , Fang Ping , Hong Xiao
Published: February 2025

Objective: To understand the related factors and mental health status of children with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and provide a reliable reference for the prevention and control of children’s hearing health. Methods: This study was a retrospective study. Sixty-nine children diagnosed with NIHL attending First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from December 2021 to December 2023 were included, and general characteristics, audiological assessment, self-questionnaire on factors associated with hearing loss, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were collected to analyze the relevant factors of NIHL in children and their mental health status. Results: The 69 NIHL patients included in the study were 50.73% male; the mean age of the patients used was 13.61 ± 2.00 years. Overall, 30.43% of the patients met the “notch” criteria, 59.42% met the high-frequency hearing loss criteria, and 10.14% met both criteria. The major correlation factor for hearing loss was dominated by prolonged use of headphones (82.60%), followed by practicing musical instruments without hearing protection (10.14%), and the majority of the patients showed minor hearing loss (91.30%). The total SDQ score of the included patients was 16.12 ± 1.89, which was borderline. The emotional symptoms score was 6.42 ± 0.76, which was also borderline. The scores of conduct problems, hyperactive behavior, peer interaction problems, and pro-social behaviors were at normal levels. Conclusion: For children with NIHL, long-term use of headphones was the main associated factor, characterized by high-frequency hearing loss and minor hearing loss. At the same time, the children showed mental health problems that mainly included emotional symptoms.
Validation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway for Its Key Role in Wuzhuyu Decoction for Treating Chronic Atrophic Gastritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics
Authors: He Yong , Chen Li-Sheng , Wang Xin , Chang Lei , Lang Li-Wei , He Ting-Ting , Zhang Ao-Zhe , Li Hao-Tian , Wei Si-Zhang , Jing Man-Yi , Zhao Yan-Ling
Published: February 2025

Objective:

The objective of the study was to explore the mechanism of action of Wuzhuyu decoction (WZYD) in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

Materials and Methods:

Intersectional target genes of WZYD, CAG, and their differential metabolites were obtained. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) was used to construct a protein–protein interaction network of the targets, and the critical target genes of WZYD treatment for CAG were screened. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to construct a complete network. Pathological tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect the related factors. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using the Annexin V/propidium iodide staining method, followed by flow cytometry. The expression of proteins associated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway and downstream apoptosis was detected by Western Blotting.

Results:

In total, 28 intersection targets and core pathways were identified. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and apoptosis status were selected to validate the mechanism of WZYD in CAG rats. Cytokines, PI3K expression, and downstream factors were downregulated after WZYD intervention.

Conclusions:

WZYD may protect against N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced CAG through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Deep Learning Approaches for Stock Price Prediction A Comparative Study on Nifty 50 Dataset
Authors: Kallimath Sushma P , Darapaneni Narayana , Paduri Anwesh Reddy
Published: February 2025

Stock price prediction is essential for investors and traders in financial markets. Deep learning methods have emerged as promising tools for capturing intricate patterns in stock market data. In this paper, we explore a comprehensive comparative study of various deep learning architectures for stock price prediction using  the Nifty 50 dataset. The models evaluated include Linear regression, LSTM, GRU, CNN, RNN, Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), as well as combination models such as LSTM+GRU, CNN+RNN, CNN+TCN, and LSTM+TCN. Our study aims to evaluate how well they perform and suitability of these methodologies in capturing the dynamics of stock price movements. Utilizing historical Nifty 50 data spanning multiple years, we evaluate the models’ predictive capabilities using standard evaluation metrics such as MSE, R2 Score, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE. Results from our experiments unveil distinct strengths and weaknesses among the different deep learning architectures. While linear regression provides a baseline for comparison, deep learning models like LSTM, GRU, CNN, RNN, and TCN exhibit superior performance in capturing the nonlinear and time-varying nature of stock market data. Additionally, hybrid architectures demonstrate promising results by leveraging the complementary strengths of individual models. This comparative study offers meaningful perspectives on the effectiveness of various deep learning approaches for stock price prediction, which can benefit researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in the financial domain. By understanding the performance characteristics of these models, stakeholders can make informed decisions in their investment strategies.
Elevated waist-to-hip ratio, as an abdominal obesity index, predicts the risk of diabetic kidney injury
Authors: Lin Di-Ni , Li Dan , Peng Meng-Meng , Yang Hong , Lin Zhen-Zhen , Ye En-Ling , Chen Wen-Ting , Zhou Meng-Xue , Huang Xian-En , Lu Xue-Mian
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with a high incidence of type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) in Asia. Central obesity is an important risk factor for DN, represented by a series of indices, including waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), hip circumference, and visceral to subcutaneous fat area ratio (VSR). However, limited research has focused on the association between these indices and DN.

AIM

To elucidate the relationship between central fat distribution, as measured by WHR and VSR, and the DN progression.

METHODS

Between August 2018 and April 2023, a total of 991 individuals were retrospectively recruited from the Rui’an People’s Hospital for this cross-sectional analysis. The 753 individuals with T2DM were divided into three groups according to the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR): normal albuminuria (n = 513, ACR < 30 mg/g), microalbuminuria (n = 166, 30 ≤ ACR < 300 mg/g), and clinical proteinuria (n = 45, ACR ≥ 300 mg/g).

RESULTS

Our results indicated that WHR and VSR were closely correlated with sex, ageing, body mass index, hypertension, T2DM causes, and experience of drinking and smoking, and potential relationships between these factors and DN progression were observed. WHR, but not VSR, gradually increased with the severity of early-stage renal injury. Abnormal serum lipid levels in T2DM patients with early-stage renal injury were strongly correlated with WHR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that WHR may be an independent risk factor for early-stage renal injury.

CONCLUSION

In patients with T2DM, WHR level, rather than VSR level, is closely associated with early-stage renal injury. An abnormal serum lipid spectrum was common in all stages of renal injury and was strongly related to high WHR. Thus, WHR measurement might be a valuable tool for the early prevention of renal injury, which could guide clinical monitoring and prevent diabetic complications.
Antidiabetic combination therapy and cardiovascular outcomes: An evidence-based approach
Authors: Ganakumar Vanishri , Fernandez Cornelius J , Pappachan Joseph M
Published: February 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a 2-4 times increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Glucagon-like polypeptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are two important classes of drugs with CV benefits independent of their antihyperglycemic efficacy. The CV outcome trials of both GLP1RA and SGLT2i have demonstrated CV superiority/neutrality concerning major adverse CV events (MACE). While GLP1RAs have exhibited a significant reduction in ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI), SGLT2i have demonstrated a uniformly significant reduction in hospitalization for heart failure (HF) as a class effect. The unique clinical benefits and the distinct but complementary mechanisms of action make the combination of these drugs a mechanistically sound one. Recent meta-analyses suggest an independent and additive benefit of combination therapy of GLP1RA/SGLT2i vs monotherapy. Zhu et al , in a recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes , demonstrates a numerically lower hazard ratio (HR) for CV outcomes with combination therapy vs monotherapy with either agent, with a reduction in MACE compared to GLP1RA alone [HR = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16-1.65], or SGLT2i alone (HR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.15-1.54). The CV death rate was also lower with combination therapy compared to GLP1RA alone (HR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.08-3.39), or SGLT2i alone (HR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.07-3.25). Fatal and non-fatal MI and fatal and non-fatal stroke were reduced with combination therapy compared to GLP1RA alone (HR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.10-2.18 and HR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.12-6.23, respectively), or SGLT2i alone (HR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.09-2.10 and HR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.10-5.47, respectively). Hospitalization for HF was prevented with combination therapy compared to GLP1RA alone (HR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.03-1.88), or SGLT2i alone (HR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.04-2.53). They also demonstrated that GLP1RA or SGLT2i monotherapy may not provide significant improvement in CV death and recurrent MI in patients with prior MI or HF, proposing a role for combination therapy in this subgroup. Appropriate patient selection is vital to optimize CV risk reduction as well as the cost-effectiveness of this combination therapy.
Comprehensive impact of PPARG mutations in familial partial lipodystrophy type 3: Diagnosis, therapeutic strategies
Authors: Lai Heng-Li , Yang Liu
Published: February 2025

This article reviews a paper in the World Journal of Diabetes . The study uncovers the link between PPARG gene mutations and metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia, and emphasizes the crucial role of genetic testing in precise diagnosis and personalized treatment. This article further points out that in-depth investigation into the clinical heterogeneity of PPARG mutations and their underlying mechanisms can contribute to optimizing management strategies. Meanwhile, the development of more effective targeted therapies and the conduct of extensive genomic research are of great significance for understanding familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 and related metabolic syndromes.
Double-edged sword of L-arginine in diabetes: Exploring anti-inflammatory and antioxidant strategies
Authors: Liu Shuai , Li Ning , Jin Jia-Jia , Yu Yong-Wei
Published: February 2025

The article by Mansouri et al provides a comprehensive investigation into the effects of L-arginine (L-Arg) on diabetic cardiomyopathy. The authors conclude that while a low dose (0.5 g/kg) of L-Arg improves lipid profiles and reduces body weight, higher doses (≥ 1 g/kg) exacerbate oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial damage. In this letter, we aim to expand on the potential role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant strategies in mitigating these adverse effects. Specifically, we focus on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 activation and nitric oxide synthase modulation. These strategies could enhance the clinical utility of L-Arg by preserving its metabolic benefits while reducing its cardiotoxic risks. We believe this perspective will stimulate future research on L-Arg-based therapies in patients with diabetes, with an emphasis on optimizing dosage and exploring synergistic co-therapies.
Destroy Your Enemy Becoming Your Friend
Authors: Sánchez Sanz Arturo
Published: February 2025

The legend of the battle of Troy between the hero Achilles and the Amazon queen Penthesilea is one of the most famous stories in Greek mythology. However, we may wonder why the Amazons decided to travel to Troy and become allies of King Priam to fight the Achaeans. This fact is important, especially since this episode does not appear in Homer’s work, but the author does mention the Amazons on three occasions. In one of them, King Priam himself is the protagonist, in his youth. Many years before the Achaeans besieged his city, the young Priam traveled to Phrygia, where he decided to accompany the rulers Otreus and Mygdon on their campaign towards the river Sangarius. There, they were surprised by a group of Amazons who did not hesitate to attack them – for no apparent reason. This paper analyzes both episodes’ written and archaeological sources to explain why the Amazons decided to change their minds and become Priam’s allies after having fought against the Trojan ruler years before. It analyzes the motives of Queen Penthesilea to confront the Achaeans, which would result in her death at the hands of the hero Achilles, who was in love with her.