bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Sustainability: Study of Factors that Affect Corporate Towards Organizational Sustainability in Today Fast-Changing World
Authors: Wongsnuopparat Sumas , Chunyang Wei
Published: June 2021

Sustainability has always run through social and economic activities. As significant economies have competed for their interests in the past few years, this situation has caused a global economic depression. Additionally, this situation worsened due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world. The international politics, economy, and Culture are undergoing unprecedented destruction and challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic that has caused businesses in many countries and regions to close or are about to face bankruptcy. More and more employees are getting laid off every day since the COVID-19 began. Even employees who are employed are feeling unsecured. So, in the face of uncertainties and difficulties facing corporations worldwide, we need to find a better way to extend the company's life cycle in a more structured and sustainable manner.

The main research question for this study is "What are the factors that have significant effects on organizational sustainability?" In this study, twelve independent variables including Leadership (L.S.), Management (M.N.), Culture (C.T.), Structure (S.T.), Workforce diversity (W.D.), Organizational age (O.A.), Staff age (S.A.), Mindset (M.S.), Technology (T.N.), Organizational dimension (O.D.), Group structure (G.S.), Business locations (B.L.) and one dependent variable called Sustainability (SUS) is the studied. This study aims to understand the structural relationships among these potential variables that could influence corporate sustainability. The dataset utilized to test the hypothesis postulated in this study using Structural Equation Models (SEM). This study suggested that the Leadership, Management, and Staffing Age significantly affects organizations towards organizational sustainability. Considering the different politics, economy, and cultural backgrounds in countries and industries, the study also found that some irreconcilable factors affect the performance of leadership, management, and staff ages. Thus, this study identified effective leadership, management, and staff age as strategies to lead organizations further towards organizational sustainability. The results of this study provide some valuable suggestions for all companies facing the COVID-19 threats right now to bring back to life and become more sustainable in the years to come and provide some evidence for future researchers to explore this field further.
Internet como instrumento de formación de los maestros de ciencias : ¿agente transformador o catalizador de la reproducción cultural?
Authors: Tobin Kenneth
Published: June 2021

This article describes a postgraduate programme in mathematics and sciences education for teachers of primary and secondary schools in areas with ethnic groups that are marginated in the educational system. A central aspect of the programme was the participation in learning communities and the interaction with other geographically distant participants, through an Internet network. Although most teachers have changed their professional perception, the fact that a minority have not moved to a reflection about the difficulty to break the cycle of cultural production that leads to cultural reproduction.
Reflexiones sobre la ciencia y la epistemología científica
Authors: Gallegos Díaz José Antonio
Published: June 2021

From the epistemologic point of view, some constructivist trends seem to border on a extreme idealism of kantian overtones; they suggest that the natural world has no existence apart from what the individual creates in his mind. On the other hand, from the methodological point of view, sometimes a valid approach is excessively privileged (such as the fact that the interpretation of observation is always done within a previous theoretical framework) or the didactic effectiveness of some specific approaches is highlighted (such as the usefulness of the History of Science for the learning of some concepts and scientific theories). In both cases perhaps the importance of induction is under­estimated, or the essential part of the scientific method is rejected, or the advantages of some other alternatives are forgotten. This paper offers some reflections on the convenience of adopting a middle position instead of leaning to these two different points.
Influencia educativa de los padres en una visita al Museo de la Ciencia: actividad compartida entre padres e hijos frente a un módulo
Authors: Benlloch Montse , Williams Vilma N.
Published: June 2021

This study intends to determine the educational influence of eighty-four parents over their children at a module at Science Museum. The study of this influence, on the one hand, examined a number of behaviours shared during the day at the activity centre known as «The Wave Machine» by analysing attention, disinterest, reading of signs and dialogue. On the other hand, the influence of several demographic characteristics of the population, such as the educational formation and type of parents using the activity centre, are studied. Both variables are analysed using contingency charts and establishing the degree of significance among the categories of each.The results obtained demonstrate significant differences in the area of communication. The parents with a university education speak more with their children as compared to those with another type of educational formation.
Modelo causal del rendimiento en matemáticas (11-12 años)
Authors: Arrieta M.
Published: June 2021

This research intends to identify variables with influence on the Mathematics achievements in ll-12year-old students to base on them an individual diagnose of the students and enable the taking of decisions to help improve their achievements.The research tries to build a theoretic model of casual relations between the considered variables and assess it by means of the LISREL technique of structural equation analysis.Because of progressive adjustments of the model originally proposed we now propose a final model including the variables: Intelligence, Memory, Study Habits, Academic Selfconcept, Reading Comprehension and Problem Solving, that can provide the guidelines for a more accurate performance in the classroom.
El uso de mapas conceptuales como herramienta educativa en el ámbito de los números racionales
Authors: Contreras Luis C.
Published: June 2021

This article is a synthesis of a research carried out as a final project included in a Doctoral Program. The mentioned research consisted of a case study whose goal was to highlight the methodological advantages of conceptual maps in initial diagnosis, instructional design and assessment, as described in the corresponding literature. The identification of rational numbers as those with a finite or periodical decimal representation has been chosen as the specific topic. The individuals were studying the third degree of Teachers’ Training.
Concepciones y prácticas de aula de profesores de ciencias, en formación inicial de primaria y secundaria
Authors: Mellado Jiménez Vicent
Published: June 2021

The present article describes a research carried out with four student teachers of primary and secondary science education. The preservice teachers’ conceptions of the nature of science and learning and teaching of science were analyzed and compared with their classroom practice when teaching science lessons. Transfer of the conceptions to the classroom was not immediate and there was influence from other factors. Lastly the implications of the research for teacher education are discussed.
La utilización de la historia de las ciencias en la enseñanza de la física y la química
Authors: Solbes Jordi , Traver M. J.
Published: June 2021

Most recently we have assisted to a considerable increase of investigations on cons tructivi Stic approaches to Science teaching, but among all these works we rarely found detailed proposals for including the History and Philosophy of Science. In this paper we consider how to initiate this trend and which should be the aims in order to get a better Science teaching. We consider basically which the pupils’ perceptions of Science in a High School level are in order to show how we can modify them by means of introducing the History of Science under a new perspective.
Conflictos cognitivos, experimentos cualitativos y actividades didácticas
Authors: Villani Alberto , Orquiza de Carvalho L.
Published: June 2021

The article relates the results of a qualitative research with secondary school students on the cognitive conflicts about central collisions in mechanics. We put our attention to the interviewer's mediation in the origins, developments and conclusions of the conflicts. We analyze the main results of the process and sketch some pedagogical consequences.
Actitudes relacionadas con la ciencia: una revisión conceptual
Authors: Vázquez A. , Manassero Mas María Antonia
Published: June 2021

This study starts from some previous reports about science related attitudes and the main achievements and contributions to this area along the last decades. The core of these reflections is reviewed here: to define more accurately the attitude objects in science, to obtain more valid and reliable instruments of assessment, the factors and variables correlated with attitudes, the contributions of the Science -Technology -Society movement, and, as a theoretical framework, the attention to the models of attitudes suggested by the Social Psychology. As a synthesis aimed to help science researchers and teachers, a taxonomy of science related attitudes is suggested here to enhance the education of attitudes as a tool to achieve a humanistic scientific literacy in students.
La energía como núcleo en el diseño curricular de la física
Authors: Pérez-Landazábal M. C. , Favieres A. , Manrique del Campo Mª J. , Varela P.
Published: June 2021

A research' study on an approach to Physics teaching, at a basic level, centered on energy is presented. This study, framed on the Constructivist theory of learning, has led to the design of curricula materials and their implementation and evaluation in secondary classrooms. An initial exploration of the prior beliefs of pupils about energy constituted the base of this curricula materials.
Errores conceptuales en el estudio del equilibrio químico: nuevas aportaciones relacionadas con la incorrecta aplicación del principio de Le Chatelier
Authors: Quílez Pardo J. , Sanjosé López V.
Published: June 2021

The limited usefulness of the Le Chatelier's principie and its vague and ambiguous formulation may be some of the sources of misconceptions in chemical equilibrium. To diagnose misconceptions a written test was administered to 170 first -year students. Responses revealed that mistakes emerged through: a) misapplication and misunderstanding of the Le Chatelier's principle; 12) utilization of rote -learning recall and algorithmic procedures, c) incorrect control of the variables involved and limited use of the chemical equilibrium law; d) tack of mastery of the principles of chemical equilibrium and difficulty in transfering them to new situations.
Influencia de la enseñanza asistida por ordenador en el rendimiento y las ideas previas de los alumnos en electricidad
Authors: Gómez Crespo M. A.
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an experience about the use of computers in learning electricity. It was carried out with students of 3° BUZ It analyses the efficacy of using a certain computer programme versus the traditional work in the classroom.
El concepto de energía en los libros de textos: de las concepciones previas a la propuesta de un nuevo sublenguaje
Authors: Michinel J. L. , D'Alessandro Martínez Antonio
Published: June 2021

In this work are studied the already existing interpretations and conceptions on the concept of energy and other allied concepts in Basic Physics textbooks commonly used in the initial courses at university and in courses prior to university level (Basic School) being given in Venezuela.In this study we have used techniques of analysis of content and have made a historic analysis to round up the conclusions of the work.It becomes necessary to build a new language, simple but internally coherent, and within the current scientific paradigms. In this work we start the discussion of this new language within the area of energy and related concepts.
Evolución y simbiosis de las propensiones esenciales en el escenario de la enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales
Authors: Sauleda Parés N. , Martínez Ruiz M. A.
Published: June 2021

The main prospects on science teaching are analyzed. The recent paradig us in computer technology have enabled the development of a second generation of instructional design. Additionally, breakthroughs in neuroscience provide a new focus to ecology in the field of science teaching in the general scenario defined by the theory of evolution. The authors have the conviction that the time has arrived for a new curriculum in sciences based on a symbiosis between computer technology, instructional design and neurobiology. As a consequence, curricular projects in sciences must be especially centered upon neuronal education. Finally, the incidence of the science of complexity and the concept edge of chaos in education is considered.
Hacia unas bases teóricas de la educación ambiental
Authors: González Gaudiano E. , Alba Ceballos A.
Published: June 2021

This essay intends to provide theoretical tools to analyze and formulate environmental education projects. The article works on theory concept, contrasting different intelectual traditions: positivism, interpretative and critical, in order to illustrate its function in the explanation of reality. It calls to develop an own environmental education theory in Latin America and the Caribbean, and suggests some analytical guidelines for projects.
História da ciência x aprendizagem: algumas semalhanças detectadas a partir de um estudo psicogenético sobre las idéias que evoluem para a noção de campo de força
Authors: Nardi R.
Published: June 2021

In this article, based upon a psychogenetic study on the ideas which evolve to the concept of field of force, we show some students' conceptions which seem to be similar to others found in the History of Science. We analyse aspects which could contribute to the construction of the teaching of this concept.
Evolución del conocimiento físico
Authors: García Barneto A. , Barrios Arias V.
Published: June 2021

In this paper we wish to present the evolution of the structure of the physic knowledge from the level of 1st year BUP to science graduates. The reliability of the responses also analysed.
Tendencias cognitivas y procesos de abstracción en el aprendizaje del Álgebra y de la Geometría
Authors: Filloy Yagüe Eugenio
Published: June 2021

In the present paper we discuss eleven kinds of phenomena which make themselves manifest at the time students are learning new mathematical concepts and operations. These phenomena can be observed both in the classroom and during clinical interviews. When learning mathematics, new rules are constantly being formed, due to the fact that new ways are found to extend conceptual networks previously developed. A central aspect in this point of view is the idea of sense, as opposed to meaning, when speaking about an MSS. In all the comments, we have tried to distinguish between these two notions: meaning and sense.
Electrostática y EAO: una experiencia de simulación
Authors: Massons J. , Camps J. , Cabré R. , Ruiz X. , Díaz F.
Published: June 2021

In this work the inclusion of educational software in the teaching of physics is analyzed. The program used corresponds to the computer simulation of electrostatic fields, and it was applied to students of first year of universitary level in a Faculty of Chemistry.
Un currículo de Ciencias equilibrado desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Sahuquillo Balbuena E. , Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar , Domingo Ouvrard F.
Published: June 2021

As a part of a larger study, a textbook analysis was undertaken with science texts, looking for balance or bias related to gender. The results show a bias toward the interests and previous experiences of boys, as well as stereotypes in language and images. Following the perspective of gender -inclusiveness, a proposal is presented about dimensions that should be taken into account in a science curriculum intended to be friendly for both girls and boys.
Características de los ejercicios de prácticas de laboratorio incluidos en los libros de textos de Ciencias utilizados en Cataluña
Authors: Tamir P. , García M. P.
Published: June 2021

The laboratory exercices in science textbooks used in grades 9 to 12 in Catalonian schools were content analyzed by three instruments: The Inquiry Level Index (ILI), the Laboratory Assessment Inventory (LAI) and the Laboratory Dimenssions Inventory (LDI). The analysis was carried out by 24 teachers under the guidance of two science educators as an assignment in an in-service course on teaching and evaluation in the laboratory. It was found that the number of laboratory exercises offered in Catalonian science texbooks is rather small compared with texbooks in countries such as the U. K. and U.S.A. Most of the exercises are of low inquiry level featuring manipulation but missing high other inquiry skills such as formulating questions and hypotheses, designing experiments, etc. The relationship between practical work and theory is hardly indicated and the potential of the laboratory as a means to enhancing concept learning and/or developing social skills are hardly being considered. There is an urgent need to reform laboratory work in Catalonian schools.
Fuerza de los ácidos y de las bases y criterios de cálculo del pH
Authors: Borsese A.
Published: June 2021

The author establishes a classification of acids and bases depending on their force, based on quantitative criteria from the percentage of chemical matter intervening in a reaction. Thence he analyzes the consequences for the value of the equilibrium constants and studies different cases.
Errores conceptuales en Geología: los conceptos isotropía-anisotropía y propiedad escalar - propiedad vectorial
Authors: Gallegos Díaz José Antonio
Published: June 2021

Herein an analysis is offered of the conception that first cycle university students have about the terms Isotropy- Anisotropy and Scale properties -Vectorial properties, that have been learnt only within the school limits. It seems, therefore, that if there are conceptual mistakes, they must be blamed on the Teaching -Learning system, and not on the previous ideas students might have.
¿Es la masa la medida de la inercia?
Authors: Zalamea Godoy E. , Paris Espinosa R.
Published: June 2021

In this paper we analyse from a critical point of view the definition that has usually been given to inertia as «the resistance that a body presents to its movement being modificó». We also reflect on the unwanted didactic implications that this definition —that grants bodies a «property of decision over their own movement»— can have on general physics courses.
Los alumnos prefieren diferentes estrategias didácticas de la enseñanza de las ciencias en función de sus características motivacionales
Authors: Martín Díaz M. J. , Kempa R. F.
Published: June 2021

We carried out empirical research into the relationship between students' motivational patterns and their preferences for different teaching procedures in science education. According to the results obtained, students tend to prefer those teaching procedures and strategies that allow their motivational needs to be met and reject those conflicting with them.
Estudio llevado a cabo sobre representaciones de la respiración celular en los alumnos de Bachillerato y COU
Authors: García Zaforas A. M.
Published: June 2021

This paper reports on an experiment involving students of the Natural Sciences and Biology subjects in first and third year SUP and COU. The experiment involved investigating the students' alternative ideas of cellular breathing and determining whether they evolve throughout the students' secondary education (BUP and COU).
Prácticas en la enseñanza de las ciencias. Problemas y posibilidades.
Authors: Miguens M. , Garrett R. M.
Published: June 2021

We have effected an analysis of the role attached to practical studies in teaching sciences through the study of works published on this subjetc. The work has been structured starting from the historic development, to go on with the ends and advantages and finishing it outstanding some of the aspects of what can be considered the core of practical work. Finally, we highlight the main objectives to establish these practical classes.
Cambiando las ideas sobre el cambio biológico
Authors: Jiménez Aleixandre María Pilar
Published: June 2021

Results of a study on the learning of Natural Selection are presented, focusing on the lines for the design of an instructional sequence used with secondary school students, taking into account the alternative ideas they use to interpret biological change. Some aspects of the conceptual change model are discussed, as well as the convenience of working other curricular topics with a similar methodology, from a perspective viewing educational problems related to complex causes.
Evaluación de valores y actitudes de los alumnos del curso secundario unificado. Un estudio en la disciplina de biología
Authors: Fontes Costa M. A.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to research about the ideas that the Biology students that attended the Unified Secondary Course had about how often they carried out activities related to learning within the field of socio -affective relationship and their point of view on the relevance of that learning in their assessment.
La elaboración de proyectos curriculares de centro en el marco de un currículo de ciencias abierto
Authors: Carmen Luís M. del
Published: June 2021

The new curricular proposeds put foreword by the Ministry of Education are characterized, among other things, by being based on a flexible, open design, whose development requires active participation of the teaching teams in each school. The characteristics of this model are analysed as well as the necessary conditions for its viability with special reference to science teaching. The problem of organization and grading educational contents are emphesized.
Representaciones sobre la utilización didáctica de las representaciones
Authors: Giordan A.
Published: June 2021

Getting acquointed with students' representation seems a crucial step in order to favour the acquisition of scientific knowledge. It is high time we started research on what to do with these representations: Should we enrich them, displace them, reject them, transform them? Which is the role of teachers, of the different defenders of knowledge and the available mean on each occasion?
El Constructivismo : un marco teórico problemático
Authors: Sebastià José M.
Published: June 2021

Constructivism is one of the fundamental theoretical frameworks that has been orientating the research in science education over the last years. In this article several characteristics of the theory are underlined, and several aspects based on empirical evidence are collected and critically discussed.
Modelos infantiles y modelos científicos sobre la morfología de los seres vivos
Authors: Arcà M. , Guidoni P.
Published: June 2021

This work deals with chrildren's models and scientific models on morphology and physicology of living beings.
Comprensión Newtoniana de la caída de cuerpos. Un estudio de su evolución en el Bachillerato
Authors: Acevedo Díaz José Antonio
Published: June 2021

In this paper we show the various interpretations of the fall of solid bodies under different situations given by Spanish High School students and stress the need for a Conceptual Change through the methodological and attitudinal change from a constructivist outlook upon learning. We also put forward some considerations on the results obtained with respect to the pupils' sex difference and the fact that they had chosen scientific or humanistic studies.
Tendencias actuales en el currículo de ciencias
Authors: Caamaño Ros Aureli
Published: June 2021

This paper shows the present trends in the curriculum of Physics and Chemistry changes and their reasons, pointing out those aspects where a certain level of agreement is reached and the ones where discussion is stile open.
Bases de datos de ciencias de la educación en el mundo
Authors: Anta C. , Mata A.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to let the professionals of research and education know the most relevant data processors in the area of Educational Sciences, showing their different characteristics, name, editor, scope, size, issues and sources they implement.
La resolución de problemas, ¿una panacea metodológica?
Authors: Editorial Equip
Published: June 2021

This work tries to expand the method which Polya called, in 1931, «Problems Solving Method», and to relate with other writers who have dealt with this same subject, to show the similarities of criteria between Polya and the present ways of investigation in the classroom.
¿Pueden interpretarse las preconcepciones a la luz de las teorias del aprendizaje?
Authors: Gustavo Criscuolo F.
Published: June 2021

Students do not come to our courses whíthout any idea about Physics. Indeed, they manage a set of not very precise ideas about some physical concepts and laws, that are not compatible with scientific knowledge. Such a set of ideas has been termed as Misconceptions. In this paper some characteristics of the origin and resistance to their change is intended, in the conceptual framework of Behaviorism, Ausubelianisrn and Piagetian theories. As a result, only the last of those theories is capable of satisfactory interpretation of misconceptions as exemplars of «deforrnant assimilation». This result is also supported by a previos work in wich it is shown that misconceptions in some topic of Physics have a hierarchical structure wich correlates strongly with Piaget's stages.
Psicología cognoscitiva y esquemas conceptuales de los alumnos
Authors: Driver R.
Published: June 2021

There are three main sections in this paper. The first section presents an overview of the research that has been undertaken into students' conceptions relating to mechanics. One central feature of students' «intuitive mechanics» is the association between their notions of force and motion. The consequences of such ideas for students' reasoning about various static and dynamic systems are described. A number of general features of students' alternative conceptions are then outlined. The second section outlines current perspectives on learning with particular emphasis being paid to the constructivist perspective; a perspective which emphasises the active role of lear-ners in the construction of their knowledge. The pedagogical consequences of adopting this perspective are outlined in the third section.
Didáctica de la Bioquímica a través del método científico
Authors: Liras Martín A.
Published: June 2021

The teaching of Biochemistry provides the students of a first course of Medicine with a strict knowledge about the biological basis of the function of the different organs and systems, as well as the cathalytic reactions that happen there. The practica] sessions, on the other hand, by making use of the scientific method, constitute and adequate complement of this discipline. The students get in touch with simple techniques of laboratory, applicable to interesting clinical -medical problems.
Estructuras tisulares: nueva forma de presentación de los contenidos prácticos de la Histología
Authors: Juan Herrero J. de
Published: June 2021

A new didactic method for the apprenticeship of histological images is presented. A goal in a cours of Histology is to learn how to identify histological images. Classically this apprenticeship has been carried out by means of the usual practical teaching with the microscope, based on the repetitive observation of slides, which is a high time-consuming process. The method is based on two points: a) Sistema tization of the apprenticeship contents, b) Correct use of the didactic strategies. Regarding the first item, and related to the concept of «tisular structure», the tissue classification is discused. About the second point, we comment on our experience in the use of two different didactic strategies: Small-gruop teaching and self -learning. Key words: Histology, practical teaching, apprenticeship sistematization, didactic innovation.
Ciencia integrada en España : un análisis del curriculum
Authors: Guerra Sanz J. M.
Published: June 2021

A series of methods of analisys for the science «curi icula», specially emphasized in the Spanish case has been collected: a little example of historical scope, and two systems of classification following subjetive criteria and structural valour.
Análisis de actividades en textos de Física y Química de 2º de BUP
Authors: Bullejos de la Higuera J.
Published: June 2021

An analysis of the activities proposed by some textbooks has been made. The procedure followed was to determine the operative behaviour involved in such activities to be classified accordine to a taxonornical model of objectives for experimental science. The distribution of the activities in each textbook has been represented, by means of percentage values, in graphs in order to establish comparisons. An evaluation of the underlying pedagogical ideas, which can be inferred from the results of the analysis, has been made. As a result, two groups of textboks have been spotted, according to different pedagogical outlooks, and different points of view of the educational aims of science. The possiblecorrelation between the pedagogical outlook of most of the textbooks and the actual teaching to be mainly performed in the classroom has been indicated.
Assessing Accommodation Suppliers’ Perceptions of Climate Change Adaptation Actions on Koh Phi Phi Island, Thailand
Authors:   Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction (IRDR), University College London (UCL), Hess Janto S. , Dodds Rachel ,   Ted Rogers School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ryerson University, Kelman Ilan ,   Institute for Global Health (IGH), University College London (UCL), University of Agder, Norway
Published: June 2021

Koh Phi Phi Don is among the most visited island tourism destinations in Thailand. Due to the island’s topography and development patterns, most accommodation suppliers on the island are likely to be exposed to a range of climate change impacts, particularly sea-level rise, which can pose a severe risk to the local tourism operations. This study aimed to explore perceptions of climate change adaptation actions in response to impacts typically associated with climate change. This study, furthermore, investigated possible obstacles, barriers, and incentives influencing decision-making processes of accommodation owner-managers (the private sector) to adapt to climate change. The investigation builds on 81 surveys and 12 in-depth interviews. The findings provide evidence that most of the sampled businesses already implemented (consciously or not) climate change adaptation measures, such as insurance coverage, water treatment appliances, and staff training on emergency responses. Through a concentration of power on the island, their action is hindered, which creates a barrier to a sustainable and climate risk-informed development pathway.
Cooking in the dark: a mixed reality empathy experience for the embodiment of blindness
Authors: Guarese Renan , Bastidas Franklin , Becker João , Giambastiani Mariane , Iquiapaza Yhonatan , Macedo Lennon , Nedel Luciana , Maciel Anderson , Zambetta Fabio , Schyndel Ron Van
Published: June 2021

In the context of promoting a sense of empathy for the difference in people without disabilities, we propose a gaming experience that allows users to embody having a visual impairment. By occluding the user’s vision and providing spatialized audio and passive haptic feedback, allied with a speech recognition digital assistant, our goal is to offer a multi-sensory experience to enhance the user’s sense of embodiment inside a mixed reality blindness simulation. Inside the game environment, while expecting a guest to arrive, the player is required to cook a meal completely in the dark. Being aided solely by their remaining senses and a digital assistant, players must go through several tasks as to prepare dinner in time, risking to lose a love interest.
Hepatic Encephalopathy Linked to COVID-19 in a Pediatric Case: A Rare Presentation of COVID-19
Authors: Soleimanzadeh Mousavi Seyed Hosein , Tavakolikia Zeinab
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as an emerging disease in 2019. Complications of the disease remain unknown, and extensive research has been conducted to investigate it. Due to the way the disease is transmitted through ACE2, the virus affects many organs. So far, no cases of hepatic encephalopathy following the virus have been reported. Case Presentation: A 3-year-old boy referred to Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan, Iran was hospitalized with icterus and decreased level of consciousness. After examinations and evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy following COVID-19. Unfortunately, despite the treatments, the patient was finally expired. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report demonstrating COVID-19 related hepatic encephalopathy. This case is a useful reminder for doctors to be much more vigilant and cautious about possible side effects of COVID-19.
Late-Onset Presentation of the Jejunal Web: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Sayyari Aliakbar , Soheili Amirali , Moradi Muhammadhosein , Hosseini Amirhossein , Dara Naghi , Rouzrokh Mohsen
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The congenital intestinal web is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction classified as type I intestinal atresia. The second portion of the duodenum is the most prevalent site for these webs, whereas the jejunal web is rare. Case presentation: In this study, we present a very uncommon late presentation of the jejunal web in an 18-month-old girl complaining of chronic recurrent vomiting, constipation, and failure to thrive (FTT). After thorough investigations, the diagnosis was confirmed by the small bowel follow-through. The surgical procedure resulted in a significant improvement in patient’s quality of life, given the subsequent increase in her weight and height. Conclusions: Vomiting that occurs at any age is pathologic and requires careful history taking thorough clinical examination and evaluation, especially in patients treated with proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole for a long time with a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) without any response. In these patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities, including complete or incomplete obstructions such as malrotation and web, should be made in the differential diagnosis.
Training and Validation of Incognito Standardized Patients for Assessing Oncology Fellows’ Performance Regarding Breaking Bad News
Authors: Shirazi Mandana , Emami Amir Hossein , Yakhforoshha Afsaneh
Published: June 2021

Background: Standardized patient (SP) has been applied to measure learner’s communication challenges such as breaking bad news (BBN). When utilizing SP-based assessment, 2 steps should be considered in SP training; assessing SPs portrayal as the real patient (authenticity) and how SPs checklist fill out reproducibility. Objectives: In this study, we described the process of training authentic and consistent SPs for evaluating oncology fellows’ performance regarding BBN in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 8 eligible SPs took part in a 3-day educational meeting. Four different scenarios were developed regarding cancer patients along with corresponding checklists representing common presentations of illness. The accuracy of SPs portrayal was evaluated by experts, using a previously validated rating scale during observation of their role-playing. The reproducibility of SPs’ portraits was measured, using a test-retest approach. The inter-rater agreement of the SPs’ ability to fill out the BBN scale was measured by comparing the correlation between the SPs, who completed the scale, and oncologist faculty members’ judgments, which is considered a gold standard. Results: The findings of this study indicated that the cut-off score for the SPs’ portrayal validity was 95%. The reliability of SPs portrayal was acceptable (r = 0.89). The inter-rater agreement between SPs and experts in filling the BBN scale (k = 0.82), as well as, the consistency of filling the BBN scale between SP groups were highly acceptable (k = 0.86). Conclusions: The present study has demonstrated that if SP is trained appropriately, they shave a high degree of reliability and validity to assess oncology fellows’ performance regarding BBN skills.
Offloader knee braces for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Moller Francesca , Ortíz-Muñoz Luis , Irarrázaval Sebastián
Published: June 2021

INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis is a relevant health problem given its high prevalence and associated disability. Within the non-pharmacological management alternatives, the use of offloader knee braces has been proposed, however, there is no consensus in the literature regarding its indication. METHODS We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We identified 14 systematic reviews including nine studies overall, all of which were randomized trials. We conclude that the use of offloader knee braces in patients with knee osteoarthritis probably increases physical function through walking distance. However, its use may make little or no difference to physical function measured with the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee score, it may slightly worsen the quality of life and increase adverse events, but the certainty of the evidence is low. In addition, we are uncertain whether the use of offloader knee braces reduces pain as the certainty of the evidence has been assessed as very low.
Mathematical Hull Design for Sailing Yachts
Authors: Letcher John S.
Published: June 2021

Mathematical representations of hull surface shape have largely supplanted graphical fairing and lofting of lines in the shipbuilding and aircraft industries, but have had little application so far to small craft. Past methods of hull design are surveyed to put mathematical design into historical perspective and point up its many advantages. The basic concepts of analytic geometry of surfaces needed for yacht hull design are briefly introduced with references. Several special aspects of the geometry of yacht hulls, arising from considerations of aesthetics, hydrodynamics, and construction methods are discussed and cast into analytic form for inclusion in a hull design scheme. The paper explains in detail a particular representation system called FAIRLINE/1, simple enough to fit into the program and memory limitations of a TI-59 calculator, yet extremely versatile. A program listing and several example hull designs created with this program are presented.
Yacht Design with Computers: New Methods for New Tools
Authors: Hazen George S. , Killing Steve
Published: June 2021

From the perspective of the design office, this paper examines the manner in which computers are streamlining and changing the design process for today's sailing yachts. Starting with preliminary design and progressing through the more detailed aspects of final design, the computer's varying roles in the design process are traced with examples drawn from currently implemented programs. In addition to its customary role as a bookkeeper, the computer's remarkable graphics capabilities are highlighted. The authors offer a glimpse of what programs and hardware tomorrow's yacht designer will use as frequently as his curves and battens. The paper covers such subjects as design follow-up, sailing analysis and feedback into the original design process. Since designers are not the only ones to benefit from the computer revolution, the authors have included sections on computer generated sailing aids for the yachtsman and possible CAD/CAM applications for the boatbuilder.
Should Institutional Conscientious Objection to Assisted Dying be Accommodated?
Authors: Kirby Jeffrey
Published: June 2021

The contentious, topical debate about whether faith-based health care organizations should be granted accommodation on the basis of institutional conscientious objection to medical assistance is dying (MAiD) is addressed through a comparative analysis of arguments on both sides of the issue that references such relevant considerations as: claimed ‘moral-authority’, competing rights-based claims, obligations arising from patient welfare principles, formal justice, dissimilarity in consequences, and two illustrative arguments from analogy. The analysis leads to the conclusion that nonconditional accommodation on the basis of institutional conscientious objection to MAiD is not ethically acceptable in Canada. A compromise mechanism, consisting of a suggested set of pragmatic conditions, is proposed that could effectively balance the competing moral responsibilities that arise from this conclusion and a core assumption of the paper, i.e., that some dominant faith-based health institutions can legitimately request, and expect, that provincial/territorial governments pay them a measure of respect in their operational, health-care-delivery decision making because of these institutions’ long history of providing high quality, health care in Canada. It is further suggested that provincial/territorial governments only allow large, publicly funded, faith-based health care organizations to enact a conditional version of accommodation on the basis of institutional conscientious objection to MAiD in circumstances where the organization has entered into a formal agreement with the relevant health department to meet the proposed, compromise conditions (or a relevantly-similar set of conditions).
Les enjeux éthiques de l’enseignement en ergothérapie : des pistes de solutions
Authors: Drolet Marie-Josée , Girard Karoline , Gaudet Rébecca
Published: June 2021

Cet article consiste en la 2epartie des résultats d’une étude que notre équipe a menée sur les enjeux éthiques de l’enseignement en ergothérapie et leurs pistes de solutions. Tandis que le premier article de 2020 a mis en lumière ces enjeux, le présent article porte sur les moyens de les résoudre. L’ergothérapeute qui enseigne à des étudiants en ergothérapie est tôt ou tard confronté à des enjeux éthiques. Or, ces enjeux sont peu documentés dans les écrits, de même que les pistes de solutions que les ergothérapeutes qui enseignent utilisent ou envisagent. Cette étude qualitative a permis à onze ergothérapeutes-enseignantes des quatre universités francophones du Québec qui préparent la relève ergothérapique de partager leurs bons coups. Dix unités de sens relatives à ces pistes de solutions émergent des résultats, lesquelles ont été regroupées suivant les trois domaines de l’éthique (micro, méso et macro) de Glaser. Les quatre pistes de solutions micro-environnementales sont : a) développer ses compétences éthiques; b) se soutenir entre pairs; c) développer ses compétences en lien avec sa tâche; et d) prendre soin de soi. Les quatre pistes de solutions méso-environnementales sont : a) créer des espaces de parole; b) offrir de la formation en éthique; c) faire de l’advocacyméso; et d) changer la culture académique. Les deux pistes de solutions macro-environnementales sont : a) faire de l’advocacymacro et b) travailler en partenariat avec les milieux cliniques. Bien que des pistes de solutions documentées dans les écrits n’aient pas été discutées par les participantes, celles que ces dernières discutent rejoignent les pistes de solutions abordées dans les écrits. Il ressort des résultats que l’éthique occupe une place limitée dans la préparation et la formation continue des enseignants en ergothérapie et que le contexte organisationnel, c’est-à-dire la culture du monde académique en général et de la recherche en particulier, est susceptible d’occasionner des enjeux éthiques préoccupants.
“As Long As I’m Me”: From Personhood to Personal Identity in Dementia and Decision-making
Authors: Toomey James
Published: June 2021

As older people begin to develop dementia, we confront ethical questions about when and how to intervene in their increasingly compromised decision-making. The prevailing approach in bioethics to tackling this challenge has been to develop theories of “decision-making capacity” based on the same characteristics that entitle the decisions of moral persons to respect in general. This article argues that this way of thinking about the problem has missed the point. Because the disposition of property is an identity-dependent right, what matters in dementia and decision-making is an individual’s personal identity with their prior self, not their moral personhood. Therefore, in considering when and how we ought to intervene in the decision-making of those with dementia, we must look to the philosophy of personal identity rather than personhood.
Documenting Clinical Ethics Consultation
Authors: Porter Amanda
Published: June 2021

This short perspective piece is about the documentation of clinical ethics
consultation in Canada. It is written at a time when the Canadian Association of Practicing
Health Care Ethicists (CAPHE) is endeavoring to develop standards of practice for clinical
ethics in Canada. This brief commentary is informed by my experience working in clinical
ethics in three different provinces, but it is primarily an attempt to draw attention to the
normative questions: How much and what kinds of information should be included in clinical
ethics documentation? Where should ethics consultation reports be saved, and who should have
access to them? These questions are, more fundamentally, about how we should balance concern
for privacy, confidentiality, professional integrity, accountability and the promotion of
trust. They are also about where clinical ethics fits within the broader Canadian health
system.
La médecine du sommeil sous-représentée dans les curriculums des programmes de médecine : quelles implications éthiques pour les témoignages et la production de rapports médico-légaux?
Authors: Barrette-Moran Josianne
Published: June 2021

En 2008, l’American Medical Association Journal of Ethics a consacré un volume entier aux enjeux éthiques associés à la médecine du sommeil. Des textes publiés dans ce volume parus sous les rubriques « Educating for Professionalism » et « Law, Policy, and Society » servent de points de départ tandis qu’une corrélation est établie entre la sous-représentation de la médecine du sommeil dans les curriculums des programmes de médecine et les dilemmes éthiques rencontrés à l’occasion de témoignages et de production de rapports médico-légaux lors de procès liés à des épisodes de comportements automatiques survenus en sommeil paradoxal.
When Hanging on at All Costs is the Only Option
Authors: Walther-Broussard Laura , Meyer Tiffany , Nortjé Nico
Published: June 2021

Having hope that a terminally ill patient may recover is not an unfamiliar sight in intensive care units across the globe. However, cultural heritage may make it even tougher. This fictional case study, which is a collection of years of experience, addresses decision-making within the Chinese Immigrant culture and focusses on how this may influence the care team. A new initiative, the Goals of Care (GOC) team, is also described.