bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of using technology of project training to increase the interest of students studying biology
Authors:   Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Baitasheva Gaukhar , Musina Aytzhamal ,   Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Issayeva Akmaral ,   South-Kazakhstan State University named after M. Auezov (Shymkent, Kazakhstan), Myrzabaeva Zhanar ,   Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Sartayeva Akmaral ,   Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

On the basis of the updated educational program were discussed issues of application of design technologies, in biology lessons in the section «Cell Biology» on the method of spiral training. Communication between parents, teachers and students is provided for in project technology. The point is that interest in the topic will increase by asking questions to parents. I was asked to voice my question, share my ideas through group work. The analysis of the works of these scientists is carried out and some stages of application are noted. In order to increase the interest of students studying the subject of biology, the specifics of the use of technology in project training are determined. In the field of biology are defined stages of work aimed at further development and consolidation of data on the topic «Cell Biology». The role of the teacher was shown. Highlighted the relationship of parents with children and friendship, communication in the classroom.
Aspects of biculturality in the style of B. Daldenbai’s «Zheltoqsan tolquy» Symphony
Authors:   Ministry of Culture and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan), Raimkulova A.R. , Mombek A.A. ,   Abai University (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

The study aims to identify biculturalism in the symphonic style of a representative of a younger generation of composers, a student of G. Zhubanova B. Daldenbay. As an example, we took the most performed of his symphonic compositions – the Symphony “Zheltoqsan tolquy” (“The December Wave”). Based on the musical-style analysis, the author reveals the features of compositional thinking that semiotically unite different cultural elements into a single sign-system. The issue of the applicability of the concepts «synthesis,» «dialogue,» and «clash of cultures» concerning the work under study was brought up for discussion. B. Daldenbai thinks simultaneously in two systems (traditional Kazakh and Western), freely operating with the methods of both the European and the ethnic Kazakh traditions. This manifests in structural, thematic, and genre aspects. The duality is justified both by the composer’s creative biography, who received a European education, and the subject of his reflections – the Kazakh people’s fate in the 20th century. Having almost lost the fundamentals of native culture – traditions and language – the people, who adopted the achievements of European civilization, retained their Eurasian outlook and, through it, the spiritual roots of the ethnos. Biculturalism is explained by unique aesthetic attitudes towards Eurasian thinking and cultural openness inherent in Kazakh art.
The main stages and trends in the development of sports ballroom dance in the Republic of Kazakhstan (period 1968-1988)
Authors:   Kazakh national academy of arts named T.K. Zhurgenov (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Issaliyev A. , Abakayeva А. ,   Kazakh national academy of arts named T.K. Zhurgenov (Almaty, Kazakhstan), Karymbaeva A. ,   Kazakh national academy of arts named T.K. Zhurgenov (Almaty, Kazakhstan)
Published: May 2021

The article describes the main stages and trends in the development of sports ballroom dancing in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The method of data presentation was chosen chronological, since it allows us to trace the dynamics of the process of development and formation of the pedagogical activity of trainers of ballroom dance. Two main stages of the formation and development of domestic sports ballroom dancing are given. The contribution of such figures as Leonid Petrovich Vekshin, Valentina Vasilyevna Evseeva, Valery Valentinovich Antsyshkin to the development of sports and ballroom dancing in the Republic is described. The first schools for European and Latin American dances, dance-sport clubs in our country, as well as the first competitions in these dances were established. The names of foreign experts who helped the development of sports dancing in Kazakhstan are given. The difficulties with which ballroom dancing was encountered during the existence of the USSR are described. The information on the formation of the dance-sport club «Raduga».
Macro- and microevolutionary perspectives on Seynesiella juniperi, a fungus in the Venturiales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota)
Authors: Garrido Benavent Isaac
Published: May 2021

The present work represents the first comprehensive phylogenetic study of the dothideomycete genus Seynesiella. The genus belongs into the family Cylindrosympodiaceae within the order Venturiales, based on a phylogeny reconstructed with five loci. The high genetic diversity found within the type species, S. juniperi, points towards cryptic speciation, with up to five distinct species that might be associated to different Juniperus hosts. Combining phylogenetics and multi-locus delimitation analyses, together with more detailed measurements of ascospores, will be fundamental for a better understanding of species boundaries and the biogeographic history of the delimited species, as well as for revealing more specific fungal-plant association patterns.
Estimación de la alergenicidad potencial del parque del Oeste de Madrid
Authors: Sabariego Silvia , Santos María , García Ventura Claudia
Published: May 2021

Los espacios verdes urbanos aportan beneficios a la población, aunque pueden afectar negativamente a la salud de las personas con polinosis. El objetivo del trabajo es calcular el IUGZA del parque del Oeste de Madrid en base a la composición florística y otros parámetros. El índice proporciona un valor estandarizado entre 0-1, estableciéndose en 0,3 el umbral a partir del cual se provocan molestias en la población alérgica. Los resultados muestran un IUGZA de 0,32 siendo las especies que más contribuyen a aumentar el índice Platanus hispanica, Pinus pinea, Cedrus deodara y C. atlantica, con estrategia de polinización anemófila, floración prolongada, y la mayoría con polen muy alergénico. Por ello, en el diseño de nuevos espacios verdes es importante una adecuada selección de especies para así minimizar en lo posible este problema.
Determination of Pentachlorophenol in Environmental Samples by Spectrophotometry
Authors: Mundeja Prashant , Rai Manish Kumar , Sahu Deepak Kumar , Wani Kalpana , Nirmal Mamta , Rai Joyce
Published: May 2021

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) (2,3,4,5,6- pentachlorophenol) is an organochlorine compound used as a pesticide and a disinfectant. PCP is used as a herbicide, insecticide, fungicide and disinfectant. Some applications include agricultural seeds (for nonfood uses), leather, masonry, wood preservation, cooling tower water, rope, and paper mills. Determination of Pentachlorophenol was based on the reaction of PCP with concentrated nitric acid followed by potassium iodide for the liberation of iodine. Liberated iodine reacted with leuco malachite green for the formation of green colour dye which was measured at 610 nm against a reagent blank. Parameters affecting the reaction were studied. The interfering effect of various species was also investigated and the methods were applied on some vegetables and fruit samples.
基于生产、生活、生態、生命的两岸现代新农业发展架构
Authors: 杨 国梁 , 黄 玮 , 吴 妍妍 , 王 若伊 , 缪 文静 , 陆 燕玲
Published: May 2021

发展现代农业是提高农业综合生产能力、增加农民收入、建设社会主义新农村的首要任务，也是加快转变经济发展模式，保持经济社会持续健康发展的重要基础。本研究探索当前漳州市与高雄市现代农业在生产、生活、生态的示范建设，以及业态丰富、功能多样、环境友好、特色鲜明的现代农业产业体系，并建议未来两岸应从各自发展的生产更多、生活更好、生态更优、生命更美，进一步透过现代农业发展携手融合，成为两岸共建农产「品项相通、品级相同、品牌相统」的三品三相，以及生产、生态、生活、生命的「四生共融」生命体。
新零售模式下顾客感知价值研究以厦门“超级物种”为例
Authors: 赵 伟晶 , 吴 耀君
Published: May 2021

随着新零售的到来，消费者顾客感知价值对消费者忠诚影响愈发显著，越来越多企业通过自身优化创新来影响顾客感知，从而影响顾客忠诚。本文以厦门地区“超级物种”为例，根据消费者行为学及相关理论构建影响顾客感知价值四个维度，并引入顾客满意这一中间变量，结合问卷调研，借助SPSS数据分析工具进行实证研究，验证顾客感知价值对顾客忠诚具有显著性影响，并为“超级物种”未来发展提出合理化建议。
国外PPP项目资产证券化交易模式以及对我国的启示
Authors: 杨 迪川
Published: May 2021

本文介绍了欧洲的PPP项目的历史和演进过程，并且分析欧洲PPP项目资产证券化的主要模式WBS模式的交易结构、信用增级方式和会计及法律问题；之后通过介绍中国PPP项目资产证券化的案例，发现目前我国PPP项目还存在PPP项目经营权与收益权分离、PPP项目期限与我国资产证券化市场期限不匹配以及PPP项目交易结构过于简单等问题，并提出应该在PPP项目的资产证券化首先需要有顶层设计，其次可以参考WBS模式完善交易结构，第三还需要培养PPP项目的长期投资者，最后需要建立PPP项目质押式回购功能。
KOL营销新趋势—小众KOL营销崛起
Authors: 赵 伟晶
Published: May 2021

伴随社交媒体的蓬勃发展，KOL一词逐渐被广泛认知，利用KOL的影响力来进行品牌营销与推广，也就成为当下品牌方最为频繁且有效的手段之一；然而与少数掌握大多话语权的大KOL相比，垂直细分领域的小众KOL影响力正在逐渐加强。综合国外种种迹象表明，越来越多品牌倾向于选择与小众KOL合作，小众KOL正在崛起。本文结合当前KOL营销现状对小众KOL崛起原因进行分析，并提出建议思考。
Fenómeno técnico, normativas y sus impactos en la producción del territorio. Derechos de propiedad intelectual y biotecnología aplicada a la agricultura industrial en la Argentina reciente (1996-2019)
Authors: Alomar Messineo Dafne
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo se propone indagar sobre las relaciones existentes entre el fenómeno técnico e internacionalización de normativas, así como sus impactos en la producción del territorio. En una primera instancia, se realiza una aproxi-mación teórica al concepto de fenómeno técnico, en la coyuntura global actual. Seguidamente, se reflexionaen torno a las implicancias de la internacionalización de normativas en la producción del territorio, entendidas como un ejercicio de la “verticalidad” según Santos (2000). En este sentido, se busca evidenciar cómo la biotecnología y los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual (DPI) en Argentina, apli-cados a la agricultura industrial, expresan la interrelación entre fenómeno técnico y normas, con particular énfasis sobre su impacto en la producción del territo-rio. Metodológicamente, se parte de una recopilación bibliográfia y análisis de fuentes directas e indirectas. Se analizan normativas nacionales e internacionales referidas a los DPI, se sistematizan los planes y programas nacionales de fomento a la biotecnología en Argentina y, finalmente,se analizan los datos vigentes sobre autorización eventos transgénicos a escala nacional (1996-2019). Los resultados obtenidos aportan al análisis sobre el uso del territorio, tendiente a favorecer acto-res transnacionales, concentrados y de origen extranjero.
Factores socioterritoriales de cambio de uso de suelo en el centro de México. Caso oriente de la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca, México
Authors: Adame Martínez Salvador , Sánchez Nájera Rosa María , Hoyos Castillo Guadalupe del Carmen
Published: May 2021

La parte oriente de la Zona Metropolitana de Toluca, integrada por los munici-pios de Lerma, Metepec, Ocoyoacac y San Mateo Atenco, en las últimas décadas ha presentado una significativa expansión urbana y cambios de uo de suelo. El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar una evaluación demográfia y de cambios de uso de suelo durante el período 1980 a 2017. Por ello, se recopiló información carto-gráfica y para el análisis de dinámica poblacional, se consultaon los censos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. Para elaborar la cartografía de 1984 se utilizaron ortofotografías y para 2017, imágenes de Basemap del ArcGIS. Se realizó una fotointerpretación visual sobre la base de los criterios reportados por Jensen (2015). Los resultados muestran que la población total en el período 1980 a 2015 se incrementó en 308.262 personas. En cuanto al uso de suelo para, 1984 predominaba el agrícola y el bosque, y para 2017 continúa el agrícola seguido de la superficieartificial.En este período la agricultura disminuyó 35,74 %, y los cuerpos de agua 31,77%, mientras que la superficieartificialse incrementó 235,84 % y los bosques 4,9 %. El modelo de ocupación se debe a las condiciones geográficasy al no respeto de los ordenamientos territoriales.
Garantie de la neutralité du net: Nouvelle composante des libertés de communication?
Authors: Frattolillo Andrea
Published: May 2021

Concept fondamental en matière d’Internet, la neutralité du net n’est pas seulement conçue comme une règle de droit de la concurrence, mais a aussi des répercussions sur les libertés de communication (art. 16 ss Cst.), en particulier sur la liberté d’information et la liberté des médias. Déjà ancrée dans la législation de l’Union européenne, elle entrera prochainement en vigueur également en Suisse. Cette révision de la loi sur les télécommunications aura donc pour double conséquence de combler un vide législatif mais également de permettre à la Suisse de respecter une obligation positive qui semble se dégager de la jurisprudence de Strasbourg, mais également attestée par la doctrine.
Brain arteriovenous malformation treatment with transvenous endovascular technique after transarterial technique failure
Authors: Gonçalves Daniel Buzaglo , Oliveira Louise Makarem , Salles Moisés Buzaglo , Cabral Lucas de Cristo Rojas , Santos Maria Izabel Andrade dos , Takatani Vitória Miki Pang , Coutinho Gabriela Campos da Silva , Takatani Massanobu , Peres Carlos Michel Albuquerque , Amorim Robson Luís Oliveira de
Published: May 2021

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are unnatural connections in the vascular system. The treatment strategies are dictated by the angioarchitecture, location and presentation of AVMs. The present study sought to report a case report of a 35-year-old female patient diagnosed with a brain AVM and submitted to a transvenous AVM embolization, located at the corpus callosum's splenium, after a previous transarterial embolization failure. As a therapeutic approach, the patient was submitted to transarterial embolization. However, the procedure was performed too proximally in the arteries, which resulted in the total AVM persistency. The patient was submitted to angiographic control until complete AVM occlusion.
Art and the Impossible
Authors: Berčić Boran
Published: May 2021

In this article, the author contrasts possibilism (the view that art is about the logically possible and that it cannot be about the impossible) with impossibilism (the view that art can be and sometimes is about the logically impossible as well). The author argues in favor of possibilism. The main insight is that since impossible objects are necessarily non-existent art cannot be about them, it has to be about something that can exist. Also, the author formulates five more detailed views about the issue. Further, the author discusses related notions like imaginability and conceivability. The author holds that Hume’s insight that an object cannot be conceived as non-existent counts in favor of possibilism. Besides, the author introduces the distinction between real and apparent content of the work of art, believing that this distinction can be relevant in the discussion between possibilism and impossibilism. In the rest of the article, the author analyzes several prima facie counterexamples to possibilism (Jean-Luc Picard, Anna Karenina, paradox of patricide, Escher’s graphics) and tries to explain them away.
Preparation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Nanoemulsion containing Piperine for Nasal Drug Delivery System
Authors: Yadav Deepika , Mazumder Avijit , Khar Roop K
Published: May 2021

Piperine a bio active constituent isolated from pepper (Piper nigrum and Piper longum L.) is a naturally occurring alkaloid have validated for several health effects and valuable therapeutic effects. However, its biological applications are limited due to its poor aqueous solubility. This emphasizes on the development of new drug delivery system for piperine to improve its in-vivo bioavailability. The present study reports the development and characterization of mucoadhesive nanoemulsion (MNE) containing piperine. MNE formulations were prepared using titration method and characterized in relation to appearance, globule size, zeta potential, thermodynamic stability testing, Ex-vivo evaluation and in-vitro drug permeation study. The MNE of piperine have small globule size (˂ 150nm) and positive zata potential. The spherical surface was confirmed from TEM. pH of MNE was compatible with nasal administration. In vitro release of MNE system in nasal mucosal membrane demonstrated prompt and effective release with more than 75 % of drug release in 4 h.
Preparation and Development of Fig Fruit Jam Blended with Different Level of Apple Pulp
Authors: Khan Arsalan , Shah Falak Naz , Zeb Qamar , Zeeshan Muhammad , Iqbal Huzaifa , Noor Hamid
Published: May 2021

Fig is familiar in the World as a edible fruit, but technically it is not a fruit it is a container, called a syconium, which is oddly an inside out flower cluster. The present study was conducted to prepare a value-added product form fig fruit blended with apple pulp. The jam was prepared with different  combination of fig pulp and apple pulp, 200:200, 250:150, 300:100, 350: 50 and 400:00. The treatments were analyzed physio-chemically and sensory for a total period of 90 days. The statistical results revealed that treatment have a significant (P<0.05) on physio-chemical and sensory attributes of jam. The physio- chemical study revealed that pH, ascorbic acid and non-reducing sugar decreased significantly, while TSS, reducing sugar and % acidity showed a significant increased during 90 days of storage. In sensory attributes, the control and test samples showed a significant difference in texture, taste and colour. The sensory results indicated that with decreased in the apple pulp the texture properties decreases and the opacity increased. The statistical results showed treatment T1(200:200) was found best among the other treatments followed by T2 (250:150) in chemical and sensory attributes. The new formulated product can serve as a good spread on bread and other etc.
Wheat Crop Cultivation's Profitability Studies in Sugar Crop Dominated Areas
Authors: Elahi Muhammad Ehsan , Joyia Muhammad Mansoor , Ali Asghar
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted at Arid Zone Research Centre (AZRC), Dera Ismail Khan (D.I.Khan) to evaluate cost and benefit of wheat cultivation in district Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Paktoon Khwa province of Pakistan during 2015. The basic underlying assumption of economic analysis of wheat production was to assess the farmers/growers financial impact of wheat cultivation. A sample of 200  respondents from 10 major wheat growing villages of the respective areas of the district was interviewed through pretested questionnaire. The study revealed that the cost of wheat production was Rs=35,680 per acres, whereas output comes 1650 Kg per acre (42 mounds) amounting Rs=63,600 per acre. Farmers' margin also rises by adding the value of family labour and owned land which is sufficient to sustain a normal family. Moreover, positive influence between return price and output of wheat was concluded from the study, whereas negative effect of cost was also observed. The output elasticity of Land Preparation (LP), Seed and Sowing (SS), Farm Inputs (FI), Irrigation (Irr), Pesticides (Pest) and Harvesting/Threshing (HT) are 0.124587, 0.31244, 0.5874, 0.55461, 0.08248 and 0.65743, respectively.
Colorimetric Determination of Paracetamol Using 9-Chloroacridine Reagent: Application to Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Awad Firas Hassan
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to develop a simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for quantitative determination of paracetamol in aqueous medium. The method is based on the reaction between the hydrolyzed paracetamol and 9-chloroacridine reagent (9-CA). The spectra of the product show maximum absorption at 436 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.25-11 µg/mL with molar absorptivity value 5.3x103 L/mol/cm. The average recovery percentage (Rec%) is 99.27% and relative standard deviation (RSD) is :: 2.82%. In addition, the stability constant has been determined and the reaction mechanism is proposed. The method has been applied successfully for the assay of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations. It is found that the method does not require extraction process and it agree well with British pharmacopeia.
Unusual and nondescript type of distal clavicular fracture
Authors: Fernández Alberto Izquierdo , Minarro José Carlos
Published: May 2021

Displaced fracture of the distal third of the clavicle usually occurs after direct trauma to the shoulder and typically results in superior displacement of the proximal fragment. We report a previously undescribed case of downward displacement of the clavicle caused by a fall on an outstretched hand, and we suggest the mechanism of injury.
Application of chemical compounds during pre-harvesting to control post-harvesting green mold in citrus
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Kirinus Marines Batalha Moreno , Dorneles Keilor da Rosa ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Silva Pricila Santos ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Barreto Caroline Farias ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Oliveira Roberto Pedroso ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Malgarim Marcelo Barbosa ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of system-acquired resistance inducing compounds applied during the pre-harvest of ‘Navelina’ orange and ‘Ortanique’ tangor in controlling post-harvest disease caused by Penicillium digitatum. The products applied were acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM), imidacloprid (IMI), methyl jasmonate (MeJa), sodium selenite, potassium silicate, and thiamethoxam (TMT). Sterile distilled water was used as the control. The applications were administered 45, 30, and 15 days before harvesting. In 2015 and 2016, 840 fruits were randomly collected, and when they reached commercial maturation, they were sanitized, half were pierced with a needle in the equatorial region. The fruits were inoculated with a 10 μL spore suspension (1 × 106 conidia mL-1) of P. digitatum, in the equatorial region. The experiment was performed with three replicates, each comprising 10 fruits and repeated over two consecutive crop seasons. Disease incidence was evaluated on pierced (at 72 and 144 h after inoculation [hai]) and unperforated (at 360 hai) fruits. For pierced fruits, lesion expansion rate (rL), disease severity, expansion rate of sporulating area (rE), and sporulating area were evaluated. The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and the area under the sporulating area progress curve were calculated. Both cultivars were susceptible; however, the rL and rE had lower values for ‘Ortanique’. The tested products reduced the disease incidence in both cultivars. Potassium silicate reduced rL and rE, whereas sodium selenite reduced rE. The disease severity was reduced by potassium silicate, sodium selenite, and ASM. AUDPC was reduced by sodium selenite and potassium silicate treatments. Among the tested products, potassium silicate and sodium selenite applied during the pre-harvest of ‘Navelina’ orange and ‘Ortanique’ tangor had the highest reductions for disease incidence (ranging from 14% to 37%, respectively) and severity (60% and 70%, respectively), rE (50% for both compounds), and total sporulating area (55% and 56%, respectively), reducing the green mold in postharvested fruits caused by P. digitatum.
Propagation of ‘Bruno’ kiwifruit: influence of cutting collection time and indolebutyric acid
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Guasso Leonardo Zucuni , Marodin Francisco Antonello ,   Secretaria do Meio Ambiente e Infraestrutura do Rio Grande do Sul, Altmann Taís ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Silveira Samar Velho da ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Souza Paulo Vitor Dutra de ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Published: May 2021

In Brazil, the propagation of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) is achieved through seed-derived rootstocks, which results in low uniformity. An alternative to address this problem is the cuttings technique, a simple and fast method that generates individuals identical to the parent plant, maintaining the agronomic traits. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cutting collection time and indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of ‘Bruno’ kiwifruit cuttings. The cuttings were collected in the months of May, August and December 2016 and March 2017 and treated with 0, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg L-1 IBA, as a hydroalcoholic solution, for seven seconds. After 90 days, the percentages of rooted and dead cuttings and cuttings that produced shoots; leaf retention; average length of the three largest roots; average number of primary roots per cutting; and reserve contents before and after rooting were evaluated. The treatments with IBA influenced the rooting of cuttings collected in May, which showed 36.07% rooting at the calculated IBA concentration of 2,320 mg L-1, and in December, which exhibited 57.59% rooting at the concentration of 4000 mg L-1. In the present experimental conditions, it is recommended to root cuttings of ‘Bruno’ kiwifruit collected in December with the application of 4000 mg L-1 IBA.
Application of hormonal subdoses at the Bai Hui acupoint for estrus synchronization in sheep
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Souza Diego Oliveira , Biscarde Carmo Emanuel Almeida ,   Universidade Federal da Bahia, Machado William Morais ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Vieira Renan Luiz Albuquerque ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Mendes Claudinéia Silva ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Araújo Monna Lopes de ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Santana Ana Lúcia Almeida ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Barbosa Larissa Pires ,   Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia
Published: May 2021

Here, the efficiency of applying subdoses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) at the Bai Hui (BH) acupoint for estrus synchronization in sheep was evaluated. Thirty Santa Inês ewes received intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days. The animals were divided into five treatments (T) (n=6): T1 (control), 132.5 μg PGF2α (100% of dose) and 300 IU eCG (100% of dose), both intramuscularly (IM); T2, 39.75 μg PGF2α (30% of dose) at the BH acupoint and 300 IU eCG (100% of dose) IM; T3, 132.5 μg PGF2α (100% of dose) IM and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose) at the BH acupoint; T4, 39.75 μg PGF2α (30% of dose) and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose), both at the BH acupoint; and T5, 39.75 μg PGF2α (30% of dose) and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose) both at a false acupoint (IM, at the same location as in T1). After 12 h of sponge removal and hormone application, the ewes were subjected to monitoring for estrus and mating and ultrasound assessments of follicular growth and ovulation time every 12 h. The data were evaluated for normality and subjected to analysis of variance, considering a 5% probability. There were no differences in the percentage of animals in estrus (93.3±9.1%), interval from sponge removal to estrus onset (48.1±6.0 h), interval from sponge removal to estrus end (69.6±5.4 h), duration of estrus (24.0±4.7 h), interval from sponge removal to ovulation (73.7±5.9 h), interval from estrus onset to ovulation (26.5±2.3 h), size of the largest follicle (6.7±0.4 mm), follicular growth rate (0.8±0.1 mm•day-1), number of ovulations (1.3±0.1), and plasma progesterone levels 7 days after ovulation (9.6±2.0 ng•mL-1). The cost of the synchronization protocol per animal was US$ 4.37, 4.12, 2.96, 2.71, and 2.71 for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, with 37.99% cost reduction using PGF2α and eCG at 30% of the conventional doses. Therefore, the application of reduced PGF2α (39.75 μg) and eCG (90 IU) doses at the BH or false acupoint effectively synchronized estrus and reduced protocol cost in sheep, indicating that the conventional doses are overestimated.
Reliability and construct validity of the Turkish adaptation of the Assessment of Life Habits for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
Authors: NUMANOGLU AKBAS Ayse , CANKAYA Ozge , SEYHAN BIYIK Kubra , UNES Sefa , TUNCDEMIR Merve , ARSLAN Umut Ece , OZCEBE Lutfiye Hilal , KEREM GUNEL Mintaze
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) is a well-known questionnaire used to evaluate participation. The aim of this
study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the LIFE-H in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).
Patients and Methods: The study included 450 children with CP between the ages of 2-18 years old. The internal consistency and testretest
reliability of the LIFE-H were calculated. The construct validity of the LIFE-H was determined with the Pediatric Evaluation of
Disability Inventory (PEDI) domains and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) subscales.
Results: The mean age of the children was 8.37±5.13 years (42.4% female, 57.6% male). The internal consistency of the LIFE-H was
determined to be acceptable for all categories (Cronbach alpha:0.794-0.999). The test-retest reliability values were found to be of good
to excellent reliability (ICC:0.804-0.999). The correlation between the LIFE-H total scores, PODCI subscales and PEDI domains was
determined as acceptable (rho between 0.538-0.894) except for the Pain/Comfort, Happiness subscales of the PODCI (rho:0.240 –
0.479).
Conclusions: It was determined that the Turkish LIFE-H had acceptable internal consistency, good test-retest reliability and
satisfactory construct validity. Turkish LIFE-H is an appropriate tool to assess the participation of children and adolescents with CP.
An Optative Indicative? A Real Factual Past? Toward A Cognitive-Typological Approach to the Precative Qatal
Authors: Andrason Alexander
Published: May 2021

This article approaches the problem of the precative qatal in Biblical Hebrew from a cognitive and typological perspective. In keeping with the cognitive understanding of “meaning,” the article (re-)construes a plausible chaining procedure that relates the precative qatal to the prevailing indicative (perfect, perfective and past) domain of the gram. This chaining represents a typologically plausible scenario for rationalizing, on both conceptual and diachronic levels, the “spread” that can be observed from the central point of the network (the Proto-Semitic resultative proper sense) to the different values available in Biblical Hebrew. In this way, the article relates the two, superficially contradictory, semantic spheres (i.e., the perfect-perfective-past indicative and the precative), and advances a holistic-synchronic definition of the total semantic potential of the gram.
The Ashkar-Gilson Manuscript: Remnant of a Proto-Masoretic Model Scroll of the Torah
Authors: Sanders Paul
Published: May 2021

The article provides a first publication of the Ashkar-Gilson manuscript, describing its main features. It argues that this manuscript, along with another, better preserved manuscript (the so-called London Manuscript), is the remnant of a 7th or 8th-century Torah scroll of exceptionally high quality. Several unique details suggest that the scroll was consulted by the Tiberian Masoretes when they developed their project of producing model codices of the Bible.
Metadiscourse and Counterargument Integration in Student Argumentative Papers
Authors: McCarthy Philip M. , Kaddoura Noor W. , Ahmed Khawlah , Buck Rachel Hall , Thomas Anuja M. , Al-harthy Ayah , Duran Nicholas D.
Published: May 2021

Incorporating counterarguments can be challenging for many student-writers, including those for whom English is a second or other language. In this study, we present findings that may lead to improvements in students’ understanding of the benefits of integrating counterarguments. In our study, expert readers were presented with excerpts of student academic writing in order to assess the degree to which counterarguments could be identified through student deployment of metadiscoursal features. The results suggest that student-writers deploy metadiscoursal features with insufficient frequency and consistency. The results further suggest that when metadiscoursal features are used in counterarguments, their deployment is largely restricted to the sentence-initial position. The study also considers the pedagogical and technological issues associated with the findings.
Vulnerability of Farmers to Crop Farming Risks in Ethiopia: An Integrated Vulnerability Analysis Approach Using Social-Ecological System Framework
Authors: Fana Chalchisa , Haji Jama , Jaleta Moti , Ademe Alelign , Gebresenbet Girma
Published: May 2021

Crop production under a smallholder system is challenged by several (a)biotic risks those resulted in livelihood insecurity. This study assesses farmers’ perceived vulnerability level to the crop farming risks and identifies its determinants using an integrated vulnerability analysis approach. Survey data collected from 393 sample households in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia, were analyzed using PCA and ordered probit regression. Results indicate that 13 percent of the sampled households are highly vulnerable, 73.5 percent are moderately vulnerable and 13.5 percent are less vulnerable where 77 percent of the highly vulnerable groups faced more than 3 months lean season and 72 percent of the less vulnerable groups faced less than 3 months of lean season. Moreover, farming experience and education level of household head, livestock owned, farm size, on-farm diversification, access to credit, small scale irrigation, off-farming income, extension contact, and social capital are significantly affecting the perceived vulnerability level. These calls for need-based government and/or non-government intervention plans focusing on improving rural infrastructure and facilities and devising an effective and responsive institutional setup for enhancing the responsive capacities of smallholder farmers in the short-run and minimizing the likelihood of exposure and sensitivity in the long-run.
Time For a Non-Feminist Reappraisal of the Role of Women
Authors: Krason Steven M. ,   Society of Catholic Social Scientists
Published: May 2021

This was one of SCSS president Stephen M. Krason’s “Neither Left nor Right, but Catholic” columns that appeared in Crisismagazine.com and The Wanderer. It discusses, in brief, the damage done by feminism. It singles out a few areas: the problems caused by the integration of women into the military, the need for a reassessment of women and work, the need to show a renewed respect for women who are full-time mothers, the role of women in the Church, and the need to make the case insistently to women how they have suffered the most from the sexual revolution and contraceptive use
Occluding the Obligational Realm
Authors: Dillon James ,   Society of Catholic Social Scientists
Published: May 2021

This paper examines ideas in psychology that eclipse a proper understanding of happiness. There are good reasons to believe in the existence of an obligational realm, a metaphysical territory over which a sovereign being rules. Once we recognize the obligational realm’s power, we can help others understand what it calls them to do in their small choices and major life decisions. Unfortunately, the force of the obligational realm is occluded by a social science model rooted in Epicureanism and Liberalism which casts happiness as a function of autonomy and utility. A duty-based conception of decision-making is offered as an alternative.
High-flow oxygen nasal cannula for treating acute bronchiolitis in infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tortosa Fernando , Izcovich Ariel , Carrasco Gabriela , Varone Gabriela , Haluska Pedro , Sanguine Verónica
Published: May 2021

Introduction Oxygen therapy through a high-flow nasal cannula is thought to improve the work of breathing and the comfort of patients with acute bronchiolitis. It is widely used in hospital wards and critical care of pediatric patients. However, there is uncertainty on the magnitude of the effect on critical and important outcomes in these patients. Objectives The objective of this review is to evaluate the available evidence on the use of oxygen administered through high-flow cannula versus low-flow oxygen for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. Methodology We carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis following the PRISMA standards for reporting. The search was carried out in electronic databases by two researchers independently. The evidence was summarized using the GRADE methodology. Results Six randomized and non-randomized clinical trials were included, including 1867 individuals younger than 24 months of age with acute bronchiolitis in pediatric emergency, hospitalization, and intensive care services. Mortality was not reported in the included studies. Treatment failure occurred in 108/933 in the high flow group and 233/934 in the low flow group (relative risk: 0.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.35 to 0.62), which shows 11.7% less treatment failure (95% confidence interval between 7.9% and 14.5% less) in the high flow group with a number needed to treat of 7.5 (95% confidence interval 6 to 10) with moderate certainty in the evidence. Conclusion The use of humidified and heated oxygen with high flow compared to oxygen at low flow is probably associated with decreased treatment failure in children younger than two years with acute bronchiolitis. There is uncertainty about the effect on hospitalization days and clinical progression.
ÁNGEL S. PORTO UCHA y RAQUEL VÁZQUEZ RAMIL. En el centenario del Instituto-Escuela. Obra educativa de los institucionistas.
Authors: Malheiro Gutiérrez Xosé M.
Published: May 2021

Review of the book by ÁNGEL S. PORTO UCHA y RAQUEL VÁZQUEZ RAMIL. En el centenario del Instituto-Escuela. Obra educativa de los institucionistas. Soria: CEASGA-Publishing, 2019, 245 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-949321-5-1
Endoscopic Interventions for the Early and Remission Phases of Acute Biliary Pancreatitis: What are the More Concrete and Practical Situations for Performing Them?
Authors: Hasegawa Sho , Koshita Shinsuke , Kanno Yoshihide , Ogawa Takahisa , Sakai Toshitaka , Kusunose Hiroaki , Kubota Kensuke , Nakajima Atsushi , Noda Yutaka , Ito Kei
Published: May 2021

Background/Aims: The use of endoscopic intervention (EI) for acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) remains controversial because the severity of biliary obstruction/cholangitis/pancreatitis is not reflected in the indications for early EI (EEI).Methods: A total of 148 patients with ABP were included to investigate 1) the differences in the rate of worsening cholangitis/pancreatitis between the EEI group and the early conservative management (ECM) group, especially for each severity of cholangitis/pancreatitis, and 2) the diagnostic ability of imaging studies, including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), to detect common bile duct stones (CBDSs) in the ECM group.Results: No differences were observed in the rate of worsening cholangitis between the EEI and ECM groups, regardless of the severity of cholangitis and/or the existence of impacted CBDSs. Among patients without impacted CBDSs and moderate/severe cholangitis, worsening pancreatitis was significantly more frequent in the EEI group (18% vs. 4%, p=0.048). In patients in the ECM group, the sensitivity and specificity for detecting CBDSs were 73% and 98%, respectively, for EUS, whereas the values were 13% and 92%, respectively, for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.Conclusions: EEI should be avoided in the absence of moderate/severe cholangitis and/or impacted CBDSs because of the high rate of worsening pancreatitis. EUS can contribute to the accurate detection of residual CBDSs, for the determination of the need for elective EI.
A sustained type I IFN-neutrophil-IL-18 axis drives pathology during mucosal viral infection
Authors: Lebratti Tania , Lim Ying Shiang , Cofie Adjoa , Andhey Prabhakar , Jiang Xiaoping , Scott Jason , Fabbrizi Maria Rita , Ozantürk Ayşe Naz , Pham Christine , Clemens Regina , Artyomov Maxim , Dinauer Mary , Shin Haina
Published: May 2021

Neutrophil responses against pathogens must be balanced between protection and immunopathology. Factors that determine these outcomes are not well-understood. In a mouse model of genital herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infection, which results in severe genital inflammation, antibody-mediated neutrophil depletion reduced disease. Comparative single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of vaginal cells against a model of genital HSV-1 infection, which results in mild inflammation, demonstrated sustained expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) only after HSV-2 infection primarily within the neutrophil population. Both therapeutic blockade of IFNα/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and genetic deletion of IFNAR1 in neutrophils concomitantly decreased HSV-2 genital disease severity and vaginal IL-18 levels. Therapeutic neutralization of IL-18 also diminished genital inflammation, indicating an important role for this cytokine in promoting neutrophil-dependent immunopathology. Our study reveals that sustained type I interferon (IFN) signaling is a driver of pathogenic neutrophil responses and identifies IL-18 as a novel component of disease during genital HSV-2 infection.
Effectiveness of various bioreactors for thraustochytrid culture and production (Aurantiochytruim limacinum BUCHAXM 122)
Authors: Sirirak Khanoksinee , Powtongsook Sorawit , Suanjit Sudarat , Jaritkhuan Somtawin
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to develop bioreactors for cultivation of thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium limacinum BUCHAXM 122, that are low in cost and simple to operate. Obtaining maximum biomass and fatty acid production was a prerequisite. Three bioreactor designs were used: stirred tank bioreactor (STB), bubble bioreactor (BB) and internal loop airlift bioreactor (ILAB). The bioreactors were evaluated for their influence on oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa), using various spargers, mixing speed, and aeration rates. Biomass and DHA production from STB, BB, ILAB were then compared with an incubator shaker, using batch culture experiments. Results showed that a bundle of eight super-fine pore air stones was the best type of aeration sparger for all three bioreactors. Optimal culture conditions in STB were 600 rpm agitation speed and 2 vvm aeration rate, while 2 vvm and 1.5 vvm aeration provided highest biomass productivity in BB and ILAB, respectively. Antifoam agent was needed for all reactor types in order to reduce excessive foaming. Results indicated that with optimized conditions, these bioreactors are capable of thraustochytrid cultivation with a similar efficiency as cultivation using a rotary shaker. STB had the highest kLa and provided the highest biomass of 43.05 ± 0.35 g/L at 48 h. BB was simple in design, had low operating costs and was easy to build, but yielded the lowest biomass (27.50 ± 1.56 g/L). ILAB, on the other hand, had lower kLa than STB, but provided highest fatty acid productivity, of 35.36 ± 2.51% TFA.
Glycemic Index of Selected Indian Rice Varieties
Authors: Azam M. Mohibbe , Jahan Afifa , Maheshwari K. Uma , Ram T. , Waris Amtul
Published: May 2021

Aims: For prevention and management of type II diabetes among rice eating population, consumption of rice with lower Glycemic Index (GI) is highly desirable as low GI food decreases plasma glucose levels and plasma insulin demand. As there is paucity of information on the GIs of commonly consumed rice varieties in India, the aim of this study was to determine GI of selected five rice varieties, and to find relationship of GI with their cooking and eating quality traits.

Study Design, Place and Duration: In vivo experiment was conducted at PG&RC, PJTS Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India, during March, 2017 to February, 2018. During this period, cooking and eating quality traits of selected rice varieties were determined in ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India.

Methodology: GIs were determined by feeding10 fasted human subjects a fixed portion of foods and subsequently measuring plasma glucose of their blood samples at specific interval of time and GIs were calculated using standard formula. Cooking and eating quality traits were determined using standard procedure.

Results: The estimated GI values were 56.38(SEM 1.57), 59.23(SEM 1.02), 71.73 (SEM 1.75), 87.40 (SEM 1.90), and 94.05 (SEM 1.21), respectively for Sampada, Dhanrasi, DRR Dhan 42, DRR Dhan 43, and Jarava. Alkali spreading value (ASV), Gel consistency (GC), and Water uptake (WU) values of these five varieties ranged from 4 to 6, 22 mm to 54.5 mm, and 80 ml/ 100 g to 255 ml/100 g, respectively.

Conclusion: Two varieties were identified with moderate GI values (Sampada, 56.38 ± 1.57; Dhanrasi, 59.23± 1.02). These varieties can prove to be a healthier option to incorporate in nutritional therapeutic diet. It is also concluded that lower ASV, higher GC, and lower WU, are good predictors for lower GIs of rice varieties. These relationships may be used for screening of low GI rice cultivars in breeding programme.
Microbial Status and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Street Food in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Banik Avijit , Abony Maruf , Datta Suvamoy , Towhid Syeda Tasneem
Published: May 2021

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the microbiological safety in street foods available in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.

Study Design: Seven categories of street foods were collected aseptically in triplicates from 10 locations of the most populous areas of Dhaka city, transported to the microbiology laboratory of Center of Excellence, Primeasia University, Dhaka. The samples were analyzed for microbiological quality.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, between November 2015 to March 2017. The microbiological analysis was done at the microbiology laboratory of the Center for Excellence Laboratory (CEL), Department of Microbiology, Primeasia University, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Methodology: Ninety street food samples belonging to 7 different categories were collected aseptically from ten different places in Dhaka. All samples were tested according to the standard food analysis methods. Total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC), total Salmonella-Shigella count (TSSC) and total S. aureus count (TSAC) were estimated by using Plate Count agar (PCA), MacConkey agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar and Mannitol Salt agar plates respectively. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar was used to determine the sensitivity of the isolated strains to commonly prescribed antibiotics.

Results: Fried Aubergine, sugarcane juice, potato balls, peanut, rice cake, sweetened coconut, local salty snacks nimki and chanachur, sesame cookies revealed high total viable count (1011 CFU/gm or /mL) and high total coliform count (109 CFU/g or /mL). Some street foods were found to contain potential pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp. and Campylobacter spp. Some of the isolates of E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella isolates were found to be resistant against azithromycin (15 µg), sulphomethoxazole (25 μg), penicillin (10 µg), nalidixic acid (30 µg), vancomycin (30 µg) and tetracycline (30 μg).

Conclusion: This study reveals the presence of pathogenic bacteria in street foods of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Hence, there is a necessity for strict surveillance on microbial safety of street foods. There should be public engagement projects for.public awareness against consumption of low-quality and unhygienic street foods of Dhaka, Bangladesh.