bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assess the impacts of climate change on the patterns of rainfall, temperature, and streamflow in the Abelti Watershed of Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: ALEHU BEYENE AKIRSO , Bitana Seble Gizachew
Published: November 2021

Changes in rainfall, temperature and streamflow (stf) will be one of the most critical factors determining the overall impact of climate change (CC). Thus, in this study we evaluated rainfall(rf), temperature, and stf pattern under changing climate in the Abelti-Watershed (a sub-watershed of upper Omo Gibe basin), Ethiopia. The Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios of Hadley Global Environment Model 2-Earth System (HadGEM2-ES) under Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)-Africa database selected for the near (2011-2040), med (2041-2070), and end (2071-2100) periods. Hydrologic Engineering Centers-Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model applied for stf projection. XL-STAT conducts average annual and seasonal rf, minimum and maximum temperature (tmin&tmax), and stf trend tests. Mean seasonal and annual rf and stf variation evaluation taken using the coefficient of variation (CV). Finally, the impact of CC analysis is taken based on the baseline period. The results revealed that the climate model projection is successful for given weather stations. HEC-HMS model showed a satisfactory performance during calibration (R2=0.82) and validation (R2=0.78). The MK trend of tmin&tmax show significantly increasing; whereas rf and stf show insignificantly decreasing except under RCP8.5. The rf and stf CV analysis indicated less, moderate, and high in the study area. And the future long year average annual rf increased by -3.6%, -1.9% and -7.7%; temperature +1.15%, +2.2% and +4.2%; and stf -2.9%, -0.05% and -8.5% under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 respectively. Thus, the decrement in rf and the increment in temperature lead to more evapotranspiration and affect the stf negatively. In conclusion, stf in the Abelti-watershed could significantly decline with adverse consequences for water supplies, agriculture, and ecosystem health for the future. Therefore, this study may contribute to the planning and implementation of sustainable resources development and management strategies and help to mitigate the consequences of CC.
‘Vidangadi Lauha’ for Obese Type 2 Diabetes mellitus; Randomized controlled clinical study
Authors: Khobarkar Punam , Gulhane Jayant , Nakanekar Amit
Published: November 2021

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in obese persons is becoming threatening disease due to increasing prevalence of its microvascular and macro vascular complications. A multi targeted treatment can be considered better over single targeted treatment; in view of multiple pathways involved in pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. This open labelled randomized controlled clinical Study was aimed to evaluate clinical efficacy of ‘Vidangadi Lauha’(An Ayurveda formulation) in comparison with metformin for obese type II diabetes mellitus. Participants were divided into two groups. Trial group received Vidangadi Lauha 5gm BID and control group received tablet metformin 500mg BID for duration of 3 months. Among 550 screened participants 120 participants were eligible, out of them 100 participants were enrolled and randomized by computer generated method, out of them 80 patients (40 in each group) completed the trial. Both the treatments were equally effective in reducing blood sugar fasting(F), post meal(PM) glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1C) and Body Mass Index (BMI). Vidangadi Lauha is more effective in reducing Ayurvedic Symptoms, waist hip ratio and cholesterol as compared to Metformin. High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) were improved by minor clinical difference in both the groups. Both the treatment does not have statistically significant effect in reducing Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL).
An antibacterial platform based on controllable electro-mechanical interactions at the materials/bacteria interface
Authors: Wang Guomin , Tang Kaiwei , Jiang Wenjuan , Meng Zheyi , Liao Qing , Li Yong , Liu Pei , Wu Yuzheng , Liu Mengting , Wang Huaiyu , Li Bin , Wu Zhengwei , Chu Paul
Published: November 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Gujin Dan is A Chinese Medicine Formulation That Stimulates Cell Proliferation And Differentiation By Controlling Multiple Genes Involved In MC3T3-E1 Cells
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Chaozong , Zhou Zhenwei , Li Xin , Su Songchuan , Ng Liqi , Zhong Jinghong , Wang Ting-ting , Yang Jie , Peng Zeyu , Zhang Shanyong , Yao Baojin
Published: November 2021

Background: The development of Chinese medicine has been practised in China over a long period of time, and China has long used single medicines in various forms of decoction to treat illnesses, and later learned to combine several medicines to form formulas to enhance the effects of the medicines. The use of Chinese herbal medicines and formulas has played a pivotal role in the prevention and treatment of diseases in China since ancient times. The application of Chinese herbal preparations in the field of osteoporosis treatment has received widespread attention, and Gujin Dan（GJD） is one of the representative herbal formulas, however, the exact minute mechanism of its treatment of osteoporosis remains to be elucidated.Methods: In the study, we prepared an aqueous extract of GJD and measured the effect of different administration concentrations of GJD on cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay, and the effect of GJD on cell differentiation ability by Alizarin Red S Staining, Alkaline Phosphatase Staining and quantitative assay. Changes in gene expression patterns of MC3T3-E1 cells under GJD treatment were investigated by RNA-seq analysis and validation methods.Results: We demonstrate that GJD promotes the proliferation and differentiation of Mc3t3-e1 cells through the regulation of multiple functional genes. This was mainly achieved by regulating the expression levels of four categories of genes that promote the proliferation of Mc3t3-e1 cells or osteoblasts, inhibit apoptosis and autophagy, inhibit osteoclast formation and differentiation, and promote osteoblast differentiation. In addition, GJD slightly increased the expression levels of gene markers in osteoblasts. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that GJD promotes proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells and inhibits osteoclastogenesis and differentiation, as well as apoptosis and autophagy, through the synergistic interaction of various herbs and their active components in GJD. This study has significantly improved the current understanding of the molecular effects of GJD on MC3T3-E1 cells. This study also provides new ideas for possible strategies to further prevent and treat bone metabolism-related diseases using traditional Chinese medicinal preparations.
Ameliorative effect of Aerva lanata against nephrolithiasis following chronic administration of Ethylene glycol in male wistar Albino rats
Authors: S Ankul Singh , K Gowri , V Chitra
Published: November 2021

Nephrolithiasis appear to be a major health crisis among the population with serious medical related consequences throughout the lifetime of patient. The aim of the study was to evaluate the preventive effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of A. lanata roots on Urolithiasis rats. Thirty adults male wistar Albino rats weighing 200 – 250 g were divided into five groups comprising 6 rats in each. Group I Served as positive control with water ad libitum. Group II as negative control which is disease treated group receiving 0.75% ethylene glycol mixed with drinking water for 28 days. Group III chosen as standard group receiving ethylene glycol for first 14 days and Cystone 750 mg/Kg from day 15 till day 28. Group IV and V received ethylene glycol for first 14 days and treatment regimen of LD (400 mg/Kg) and HD 800 mg/Kg orally from day 15 till day 28. Invitro studies like Nucleation, Aggregation and Growth assays were performed. Urine volume and pH was collected and observed for change in appearance, pH, odour and turbidity. Extract was given by preparing suspension and stability was observed by measuring its parameters. On Day 29, the kidneys were dissected and histopathology was done to check tubular injury. There was Increase in urine volume, enhanced excretion of urinary constituents like citrate, oxalate etc. and improving clearance rate. Improvement in pH and antioxidant activity was observed in treated groups. The extract showed that it has prominent effect on nephrolithiasis and has better safety profile in the dose given.
Genomic hallmarks of cellular dormancy in cancer and therapeutic implications
Authors: Secrier Maria , Wiecek Anna , Cutty Stephen , Kornai Daniel , Parreno-Centeno Mario , Gourmet Lucie , Tagliazucchi Guidantonio Malagoli , Jacobson Daniel , Zhang Ping , Xiong Lingyun , Bond Gareth , Barr Alexis
Published: November 2021

Therapy resistance in cancer is often driven by a subpopulation of cells that are temporarily arrested in a non-proliferative, quiescent or ‘dormant’ state, which is difficult to capture and whose mutational drivers remain largely unknown. We developed methodology to uniquely identify this state from transcriptomic signals and characterised its prevalence and genomic constraints in solid primary tumours. We show dormancy preferentially emerges in the context of more stable, less mutated genomes which maintain TP53 integrity and lack the hallmarks of DNA damage repair deficiency, while presenting increased APOBEC mutagenesis. We uncover novel genomic dependencies of this process, including the amplification of the centrosomal gene CEP89 as a driver of dormancy impairment. Lastly, we demonstrate that dormancy underlies unfavourable responses to various therapies exploiting cell cycle, kinase signalling and epigenetic mechanisms in single cell data, and propose a signature of dormancy-linked therapeutic resistance to further study and clinically track this state.
Research Trends in Japanese Public Administration: Statistical Content Analyses of Article Titles in Public Administration Review Quarterly (1978 to 2019)
Authors: Moteki Yasutoshi
Published: November 2021

This paper quantitatively explains research trends in postwar administrative studies in Japan using statistical analyses of nearly 40 years of article titles from Public Administration Review Quarterly, from its first issue (1978) to the 165th issue (2019). Co-occurrence network analysis and correspondence analysis revealed changes in research interests. There was substantially more research on administrative reforms through the post-war Showa and Heisei eras. The configuration figures of correspondence analysis can be interpreted to mean that the first dimension concerns administrative reforms; the second dimension concerns historical events/administrative systems; and the third dimension concerns evaluations and Kaizen. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the studies during the Showa era (1978–1988) could be partly characterized by the two extracted compound words: the United States and the United Kingdom. Japan became a feature of studies of public administration during the Heisei era (1989–2018). These features are basically consistent with the previous quantitative studies.
Moving from Basic to More Advanced: Is there an Increase Over Time in the Complexity of Teacher Questions and Student Responses in Case Based Clinical Seminars?
Authors: Gartmeier Martin , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Grünewald Marc , Häusler Janina , Pfurtscheller Theresa , Seidel Tina , Berberat Pascal
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Case-based group discussions (CBGD) are a specific, interaction-focused form of case based medical education dedicated to foster medical students’ skills of applying basic biomedical knowledge to patient cases. In such seminars, teacher question-student response patters are a crucial aspect. We empirically investigate to which degree clinical teachers progress from more basic, knowledge-oriented towards more advanced, elaboration-oriented questions in CBGD-seminars.Methods: We video recorded 32 case-based seminars in the areas of surgery and internal medicine. 21 different clinical teachers had taught and 398 medical students had attended these seminars. We coded closed-reproductive and open-elaborative teacher questions as well as reproductive and elaborative student responses to these questions. Interrater reliability was satisfactory. For determining trends regarding the teacher questions / student responses, we compared eight equally long time-segments per seminar.Results: Overall, clinical teachers posed more closed-reproductive than open-elaborative questions to students and the latter gave more reproductive than elaborative responses. Regarding the frequencies of these forms of teacher questions / student responses, we found no significant differences over time.Discussion: We found that clinical teachers did not deliberately modify the types of questions they posed over time to push their students towards more elaborative responses. Generally, this raises the critical question to which degree promising didactic concepts are actually put into clinical teaching practice. In our sample, we observed substantial heterogeneity regarding the variables in focus of our study. We conclude that medical education researchers should more thoroughly take different starting conditions and teaching approaches of different teachers into account.
The Design and Manufacture of Custom Ocular Prostheses (COPs) Based on Computer-Aided Semi-automation Workflow
Authors: Ye Xin , Wang Jun , Fang Wei , Qian Zhenbin , Shen Lijun
Published: November 2021

Background: It is important to correct the ocular disfigurement by wearing prostheses as soon as possible after healing from the eye enucleation surgery. This study aimed to develop a new computer-aided approach to fabricate custom ocular prostheses (COPs) with higher accuracy and efficiency and to fit different anophthalmia sockets. Results: Five patients underwent enucleation surgery from November 2018 to October 2020 were enrolled in the study. The semi-automatic design and fabrication workflow of COPs was based on the conjunctival sac impression, combined with Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) workflow, which involves computer image analysis, reverse engineering (RE), and 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. The height of palpebral fissure in the artificial eye group was 0.8000 ± 0.09529, N=5.The height of palpebral fissure in the healthy eye group was 0.7660 ± 0.1147, N=5, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The artificial eye in the conjunctival sac had a good effect on the reconstruction of orbital fullness. Both of the vertical activity and horizontal activity of COPs is smaller than that of healthy eyes (p<0.05).Conclusions: COPs made by RE and 3D printing technologies can effectively make the COPs suitable for patients' conjunctival sac. This workflow improved the accuracy of the COPs, and also reduced patients’ waiting time, which is worthy to be popularized and applied.
Why Geosciences and Exoplanetary Sciences Need Each Other
Authors: Shorttle Oliver , Hinkel Natalie R. , Unterborn Cayman T.
Published: November 2021

The study of planets outside our Solar System may lead to major advances in our understanding of the Earth and may provide insight into the universal set of rules by which planets form and evolve. To achieve these goals requires applying geoscience’s wealth of Earth observations to fill in the blanks left by the necessarily minimal exoplanetary observations. In turn, many of Earth’s one-offs—plate tectonics, surface liquid water, a large moon, and life: long considered as “Which came first?” conundrums for geoscientists—may find resolution in the study of exoplanets that possess only a subset of these phenomena.
Exogeology from Polluted White Dwarfs
Authors: Xu Siyi , Bonsor Amy
Published: November 2021

It is difficult to study the interiors of terrestrial planets in the Solar System and the problem is magnified for distant exoplanets. However, sometimes nature is helpful. Some planetary bodies are torn to fragments and consumed by the strong gravity close to the descendants of Sun-like stars, white dwarfs. We can deduce the general composition of the planet when we observe the spectroscopic signature of the white dwarf. Most planetary fragments that fall into white dwarfs appear to be rocky with a variable fraction of associated ice and carbon. These white dwarf planetary systems provide a unique opportunity to study the geology of exoplanetary systems.
Life’s Origins and the Search for Life on Rocky Exoplanets
Authors: Rimmer Paul B. , Ranjan Sukrit , Rugheimer Sarah
Published: November 2021

The study of the origin(s) of life on Earth and the search for life on other planets are closely linked. Prebiotic chemical scenarios can help priori-tize target planets for the search for life (as we know it) and can provide informative prior probabilities to help us assess the likelihood that particular spectroscopic features are evidence of life. The prerequisites for origins scenarios themselves predict characteristic spectral signatures. The interplay between origins research and the search for extraterrestrial life starts with laboratory work to guide exploration within our own Solar System, which will then inform future exoplanet observations and laboratory research. Exoplanet research will, in turn, provide statistical context to conclusions about the nature and origins of life.
1-form symmetries of 4d N=2 class S theories
Authors: Bhardwaj Lakshya , Hübner Max , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura
Published: November 2021

We determine the 1-form symmetry group for any
4d4d\mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2
class S theory constructed by compactifying a
6d6d\mathcal{N}=(2,0)𝒩=(2,0)
SCFT on a Riemann surface with arbitrary regular untwisted and twisted
punctures. The 6d6d
theory has a group of mutually non-local dimension-2 surface operators,
modulo screening. Compactifying these surface operators leads to a group
of mutually non-local line operators in 4d4d,
modulo screening and flavor charges. Complete specification of a
4d4d
theory arising from such a compactification requires a choice of a
maximal subgroup of mutually local line operators, and the 1-form
symmetry group of the chosen 4d4d
theory is identified as the Pontryagin dual of this maximal subgroup. We
also comment on how to generalize our results to compactifications
involving irregular punctures. Finally, to complement the analysis from
6d, we derive the 1-form symmetry from a Type IIB realization of class S
theories.
EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTICNASAL ENDOSCOPY AND CTSCAN IN VARIOUS SINONASAL DISEASES
Authors:   Associate Professor, Deptt. of ENT, A.N.M.M.C.H., Gaya., Kumar Ranjan , Chandra Rajeev ,   Resident, Deptt. of ENT, A.N.M.M.C.H., Gaya., Prakash Om ,   Professor & Head Deptt. of ENT, A.N.M.M.C.H., Gaya.
Published: November 2021

Objective:To evaluate role of Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy and CT scan in various Sinonasaldiseases with regards to diagnosis and surgical intervention. Patient and methods:This prospective study was carried out in Department of ENT, A.N.M.M.C.H., Gaya on 200 patients with clinical evidence of sinonasal disease who had presented between March 2016 to February 2019. All patients were evaluated with DNE using 0 degree 4mm endoscope and CT scan with 3 mm coronal cuts. Result: Female patients(56%) were more as compared to male(44%) with majority between 21 - 40 yrs. Most common finding on Diagnostic Nasal Endoscopy(DNE) was mucopurulent discharge in middle meatuswhile on CT Scan was maxillary sinusitis(60%). Sinonasal polyp detection was better with DNE.CT has better detection rate of anatomical variation of osteomeatal complex. Conclusion : DNE has become initial tool for diagnosis as it is cost effective and office based procedure. In patients where surgical intervention is required, CT scan has advantage as it provides detailed understanding of anatomical variations. So bothDNE and CT scan should be used in collaborative fashion. Source Of Support:Patients of A.N.M.C.H., Gaya. Conflict Of Interest:None.
EUROPEAN UNION (EU) SANCTIONS ON ZIMBABWE (2002-2013): TESTING HYPOTHESES OF INFLUENCE IN POLITICAL SCIENCE
Authors:   Researcher in the Democratic Processes in Sub-Saharan African Countries Since the End of the Cold War., Miji Ayeah Ernest
Published: November 2021

The focus of this article was to test the hypotheses (factors) of influence that enabled the EU and its partners to exert influence in Zimbabwe between 2002 and 2013. Four hypotheses volume of actions, severity of actions, commitment and the timing of actions have been tested. The article has also tested four hypotheses of non-influence (detracting factors) prestige, desirability of violations, internal power struggles and aid-dependence exhibited by the Mugabe regime during this period. The article concludes that it was due to the overwhelming weight of the foreign policy actions over the internal situation of Zimbabwe that finally pushed Mugabe to bowed down. The great lesson learned from the Zimbabwe experience is that the influencing state must evaluate the detracting factors in the target state well in order to select and maximise on the best influencing actions.
DETECTION AND SAFETY AWARENESS OF HEAVY METALS IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS FREQUENTLY USED IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Forensic Medicinea nd Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., S. Barghash Samia , Abdel Moniem Ahmed Hatem ,   DepartmentofForensicChemistry,CollegeofForensicSciences,NaifArabUniversityforSecuritySciences,Riyadh,SaudiArabia., K. Al-Baker Modhi ,   Collegeofpharmacy,Qassim University.
Published: November 2021

Background: Heavymetalscontaminationincosmeticproducts isbecoming animportant healthprobleminboth worldwide and locally at the level of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).The aim of this study was to detectthe concentration of heavy metals in the most commonly used eyeliners purchased in Saudi Arabia. Also, to assesssafetyawarenessoftoxicelementsofmostconcernheavymetalsin cosmetics. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was designed and distributed electronically in Saudi Arabia in November 2015.The questionnairewas conducted on 769 Saudi women aged from15-60 years old that is using cosmetic products. Secondly, 10samples from 10 different types of eyeliners frequently used in Saudi Arabia were digested. The digested sampleswere analyzed for lead, cadmium andmercury using graphite furnace- atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). Results:Themajorityofcosmetictypesusedbyparticipantswereeye-linerkohl(73.9%).About(34.59 %) of participants were not aware about heavy metals contents in cosmetics. The heavy metals, cadmium, lead andmercury were detected in all samples with varying concentrations. The level of lead was the highest. There was asignificant difference of cadmium, lead and mercury concentration p< (0.05) in different brands of eyeliner. Therewasstatisticallysignificant difference betweencadmiumandlead alsobetweenmercuryandlead p<0.05ofdifferenteyelinerbrands. Conclusion: It was foundthatthemajorityofparticipantsexpectedthatexpensivecosmeticsaresafe and theypreferred internationalbrandswhichisnotnecessarytobesafe.
KAÇARAK EVLENEN KADINLARIN YAŞAM DENEYİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DOĞANCI Hatice Kübra , TUNCAY Tarık
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kaçarak evlenen kadınların kök aileleri içinde karar alma süreçlerine katılımının, aile içinde cinsiyetçi iş bölümünün, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin, kadınların eğitimde kalma sürelerinin ve problemlerle başa çıkma stratejilerinin, ebeveyn tutumlarının ve sosyokültürel kodların kadınların evlenmek amacıyla evden ayrılmasıyla bağlantısının, kaçarak evlenme aşaması ve sonrasında oluşan yaşam deneyimlerinin feminist sosyal hizmet açısından incelenmesidir. Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Düzce’de yaşayan ve kartopu amaçlı örneklem metoduyla seçilmiş 24 katılımcı oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada derinlemesine görüşme ve gözlem teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler MAXQDA10 programı yardımıyla temalara ve kodlara ayrılarak incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmaya göre; kaçarak evlenen kadınların kök ailelerindeki ataerkil aile dinamikleri, otoriter ebeveyn tutumları, evlilik öncesi flört veya cinselliğin yasak oluşu, aile içinde karar alma süreçlerinde söz haklarının bulunmayışı, eğitimden mahrum bırakılmaları ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri onların kaçarak evlenmelerine zemin hazırlamaktadır. Kaçarak evlenmenin, kaçarak evlenen kadınların eşleri ve eşlerinin aileleri açısından ekonomik ve toplumsal bazı kazançları olduğu için tercih edildiği; ancak kaçarak evlenen kadınların evlilik şekillerinin, evlilik sürecinde ve hayatlarının geri kalanında onları olumsuz yönde etkilediği, kadınların kaçarak evlenme tercihlerinden kaynaklı olarak suçluluk ve pişmanlık duydukları, eşleri ve eşlerinin aileleri ile kurdukları ilişkilerinde kaçarak evlenmelerinin kendileri açısından genellikle sözlü ve psikolojik şiddet boyutundaki yansımaları nedeniyle dezavantaj yaşadıkları bildirilmiştir. Konuyla ilgili gelecek araştırmalarda kaçarak evlenen kadınların kök aile ilişkileri incelenebilir.
ÇALIŞMA YAŞAMINDA ALGILANAN SOSYAL DESTEK DÜZEYİ İLE UMUTSUZLUK, PSİKOLOJİK UYUMSUZLUK VE YAŞAM KALİTESİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİLERİN İNCELENMESİ: İSTANBUL İLİNDE 3-15 YAŞ ARASI OTİZM TANILI ÇOÇUĞA SAHİP ÇALIŞAN BİREYLER ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TAŞTAN Seçil
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmamın temel sorun ve varsayımına göre, bir sosyo-psikolojik unsur olarak otizmi olan çocuğa sahip olma durumu çalışan ailelerin iş yaşamlarındaki bilişsel-duygusal-davranışsal süreçleri üzerinde karmaşık ya da olumsuz etkilere sahip olabilmektedir. Ancak bireylerin algılamakta olduğu sosyal destek düzeyi söz konusu olumsuz etkilerin derecesini hafifletebilmekte, algılanan yaşam kalitesini de olumlu yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Kesitsel ve tarama yöntemiyle yapılan araştırma ile bu varsayımı destekleyen bulguların elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Böylece, araştırmanın amacı, 3-15 yaş arası otizmli çocuğa sahip çalışan bireylerin iş yaşamında algıladıkları sosyal destek ile umutsuzluk, psikolojik uyumsuzluk ve yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Araştırma İstanbul ili Avrupa yakası sınırları içerisindeki özel eğitim kurumlarından eğitim alan 3-15 yaş otizmli çocuğa sahip anne ve babaların katılımıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonuçlarına göre, algılanan sosyal desteğin bireylerin algıladığı umutsuzluk ve psikolojik uyumsuzluk düzeyi üzerinde anlamlı ve negatif etkilerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, algılanan sosyal desteğin bireylerin yaşam kalitesi algısı üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu bulguların çalışmada öne sürülmüş olan önceki çalışma sonuçları ve kuramsal zemin ile uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışmada ulaşılmış olan sonuçların genel değerlendirmeleri yapılarak, bireysel, örgüt ve toplumsal açısından önemi ve katkıları tartışılmıştır. Son olarak, bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçların toplumsal açıdan geliştirilip uygulanabilecek kamu politikaları ve sosyal politikalar açısından rolü irdelenmiştir.
Comparing methods to place adaptive local RTC actuators for spill volume reduction from multiple CSOs
Authors: Eulogi M. , Ostojin S. , Skipworth P. , Kroll S. , Shucksmith J. D. , Schellart A.
Published: November 2021

The selection of flow control device (FCD) location is an essential step for designing real-time control (RTC) systems in sewer networks. In this paper, existing storage volume-based approaches for location selection are compared with hydraulic optimisation-based methods using genetic algorithm (GA). A new site pre-screening methodology is introduced, enabling the deployment of optimisation-based techniques in large systems using standard computational resources. Methods are evaluated for combined sewer overflow (CSO) volume reduction using the CENTAUR autonomous local RTC system in a case study catchment, considering overflows under both design and selected historic rainfall events as well as a continuous 3-year rainfall time series. The performance of the RTC system was sensitive to the placement methodology, with CSO volume reductions ranging between −6 and 100% for design and lower intensity storm events, and between 15 and 36% under continuous time series. The new methodology provides considerable improvement relative to storage-based design methods, with hydraulic optimisation proving essential in relatively flat systems. In the case study, deploying additional FCDs did not change the optimum locations of earlier FCDs, suggesting that FCDs can be added in stages. Thus, this new method may be useful for the design of adaptive solutions to mitigate consequences of climate change and/or urbanisation.
Assessment of gridded precipitation products in the hydrological modeling of a flood-prone mesoscale basin
Authors: Khan Salman , Khan Farhan , Guan Yiqing
Published: November 2021

Precipitation plays a critical role in hydrometeorological studies. A predictive analysis of gridded rainfall datasets may provide a cost-effective alternative to conventional rain gauge observations. Here, our objective is to evaluate the performance of satellite and reanalysis precipitation products in the hydrological modeling of a mesoscale watershed. The research also examines the accuracy of hydrological simulations in a sizeable flood-prone watershed in the absence of observed data associated with the myriad water retaining structures present in the catchment. We use three precipitation products, namely Tropical Rainfall Measurement Missions (TRMM) 3B42 Version 7, Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and daily precipitation data recorded at multiple rain gauges in the upper Huai River Basin to simulate streamflow. The Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is utilized for runoff modeling, while SWAT-CUP is used to perform sensitivity analysis and to calibrate and validate the simulation results. Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, percent bias, and Kling-Gupta efficiency (KGE) are employed to evaluate modeling efficiency for three precipitation datasets on different temporal scales. The results indicate that TRMM and CFSR datasets provide satisfactory results on both daily and monthly scales. Specifically, the SWAT model performs better at monthly simulations than daily simulations for all precipitation datasets used.
Enhanced index for water body delineation and area calculation using Google Earth Engine: a case study of the Manchar Lake
Authors: Ismail Muhammad Ali , Waqas Maria , Ali Amjad , Muzzamil Mirza Muhammad , Abid Uzair , Zia Talha
Published: November 2021

The sustainability of the hydrological and ecological ecosystems of any region requires continuous monitoring of the water bodies. Recent advancements in satellite-based remote optical sensors, big data analysis and cloud computing have given new dimensions to the field of water body studies including their detection as well as analysis. The present study extends the existing methods to assess the contemporary surface water detection and monitoring techniques via remote sensing. The proposed technique implies an improved hybrid approach for the purpose along with the calculation of the boundary areas. The study has been carried out on the Manchar Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in Pakistan as well as in South Asia. The proposed hybrid water index along with the different existing water body detection indices and spectral bands have been worked out on the satellite images retrieved from the Google Earth Engine to detect and analyze the area/flow changes in the water body. Based on the 7 years of data, the proposed algorithm calculates the water body area more precisely. With limited availability of metadata about the study area, the results have been validated both qualitatively through national-met data and statistically. These results help to better preserve and improve the quality of the water resource.
Multiscale coherence analysis of reference evapotranspiration of north-western Iran using wavelet transform
Authors: Sreedevi V. , Adarsh S. , Nourani Vahid
Published: November 2021

This study applies different wavelet coherence formulations for investigating the multiscale associations of reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) of Tabriz and Urmia stations in North West Iran with five climatic variables: mean temperature (T), pressure (P), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (U) and Solar Radiation (SR). The relationships between different variables are quantified using the Average Wavelet Coherence (AWC) and the Percentage of Significant Coherence (PoSC). The Bivariate Wavelet Coherence (BWC) analysis showed that mean temperature (AWC = 0.73, PoSC = 59.18%) and wind speed (AWC = 0.63, PoSC = 49.55%) are the dominant predictors at Tabriz and Urmia stations. On considering the Multiple Wavelet Coherence (MWC) analysis, it is noticed that among the two-factor combinations, the T-P and P-RH combinations resulted in the highest coherence values for Tabriz and Urmia stations. T-U-SR combination produced the highest multiple wavelet coherence values among the three-factor cases for both the stations. The Partial Wavelet Coherence (PWC) analysis indicated a drastic reduction in coherence from the values of respective BWC analysis, indicating a strong interrelationship between different variables and ET0. The interrelationship between meteorological variables and ET0 is more apparent at Tabriz, while it is controlled more by the local-scale meteorology at Urmia.
Implementación de la Contabilidad Gerencial para la Efectiva Toma de Decisiones en una Microempresa Gráfica de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Correa Chamorro Luis Eduardo Jr. , Quiroz Quezada Pedro Ricardo , Allcca Alzamora José Luis
Published: November 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo demostrar que la implementación de la contabilidad gerencial efectiviza la toma decisiones permitiendo tener mayores utilidades. La investigación es de tipo Aplicada, con enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance Descriptivo – Explicativo, bajo método Inductivo - Deductivo y de diseño Experimental. La población fue de nueve personas, no se aplicó muestreo probabilístico. Las técnicas empleadas fueron un cuestionario y análisis documental. Los instrumentos usados fueron la encuesta y reportes de gestión. Los resultados se procesaron con Microsoft Excel 365° y SPSS v.26. La prueba estadística utilizada para medir la influencia de las variables fue el T-Student. La contabilidad gerencial contribuye directa y efectivamente, en la toma de decisiones empresariales de la microempresa gráfica de Lima Metropolitana.
Chromone, A Privileged Scaffold in Drug Discovery: Developments in the Synthesis and Bioactivity
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ethiraj Kannatt , Benny Anjitha Theres , Arikkatt Sonia D. , Vazhappilly Cijo George , Kannadasan Sathananthan , Thomas Renjan , Leelabaiamma Manju Sreedharan Nair , Shanmugam Ponnusamy
Published: November 2021

:

Chromones are the class of secondary metabolites that broadly occur in the plant kingdom in a noticeable quantity. This rigid bicyclic system has been categorized “as privileged scaffolds in compounds” in medicinal chemistry. Their wide biological responses have made them an important moiety in a drug discovery program. This review provides updates on the various methods of synthesis of chromones and biological applications in medicinal chemistry. Various synthetic strategies for the construction of chromones include readily available phenols, salicylic acid and its derivatives, ynones, chalcones, enaminones, and 2-hydroxyarylalkylketones as starting materials. Synthesis of chromones by using metal, metal-free, nanomaterials and different other catalysts is herein included. Details of diverse biological activities of chromone derviatives, such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, as Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, anti- Alzheimer’s agents, anti-diabetic agents, having antihistaminic potential, and acting as antiplatelet agents, are discussed.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cross Infection Control Among Students of Dentistry, Dental Hygiene, and Dental Technology in Jordan
Authors: Bakri Isra A. Al , Omari Wael M. Al , Ananzeh Aisha Y. , Alshatrat Sabha M.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Cross infection control, to reduce the incidence of disease transmission between patients and dental team personnel, is an integral part of good clinical practice.

Objective:

To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of cross infection control among dental, dental hygiene, and dental technology students.

Methods:

Data were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice of infection control measures. The questionnaire was published electronically to final year dental, dental hygiene, and dental technology students through student’s official social media groups .

Results:

Statistically significant difference was found in relation to students' specialization (p-value ≤ 0.05). None of the dental hygienist students had a negative attitude about infection control, while most of participants with a negative attitude were dental technology students (84.6%). No statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between groups in regard to cross-infection knowledge, where the level of knowledge ranged from moderate to good.

Conclusion:

Good knowledge, attitude, and practice were reported for dental and dental hygiene students, while good knowledge with a negative attitude was found amongst dental technology students. Specialty affected the practice of infection control measures, yet gender was not a significant variable. Improvement of the university curriculum, particularly for dental technology students, to increase awareness and knowledge of cross infection control is highly recommended.
Study of Various Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Bhatia Manika , Aditri  , Siingh Shrreya , Yashaswy  , Himanshu  , Bansal Aparna
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), a nightmare of this century, has become an ongoing global health emergency for the entire world. This dreadful disease is believed to have originated from China and has now spread worldwide. To date, more than 170 million people have been found affected by this virus, namely “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2” (SARS-CoV-2). With the exponential increase in the patients affected by the SARS-CoV-2, the need for testing has also increased tremendously. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent the extensive spread of the disease because of the faster rate of infection. In this regard, various diagnostic techniques are employed for the detection of the infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 individuals. To provide diagnostic care for the control of the disease, various tests like serological testing, nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), rapid antigen-based testing, and paper-based testing have been developed and are presently in good use. The present mini-review is an attempt to outline the currently available diagnostic kits for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19.
Teaching a language through role-play
Authors: Bahriyeva Nargiza
Published: November 2021

This research examines the importance of role-playing in teaching a language. The technique of role-playing if used right could promote a positive atmosphere among the students in the classroom. After all, the goal of teaching any language is to get the students’ attention by engaging their learning abilities successfully. Therefore, all aspects of teaching through role-playing are explored and guidance is provided on how to use them in the classroom.
The impact of women in the literary life of Gibran Khalil Gibran
Authors: Al Tuma Qayssar Abed Kadhim , Mottaqi Amir Moqaddam , Seyedi Seyed Hosein
Published: November 2021

Gibran Khalil Gibran loved women, but he did not love one woman, for he shared his life with a number of women, and these women saw him under different names such as mother, sister, beloved, friend and others, but did Gibran appreciate their great role in the stages of his life and did they influence These women in his literary life and how they affected?  This research aims to shed light on this aspect of the life of this writer, answering such two questions, to show the extent of the impact of women in Gibran's literary life, using the descriptive-analytical approach.  And the most important findings of the research. The results are that the woman played a great role in the formation of Gibran's literary personality, as his works gave a special color and character that differed from the works of others, and this is evident through his writings.  This Mary Haskell was unique among all women with the first lover in his literary life, as he still frequently shows his love for her in his words to the point of illusion that he did not love another woman.
Memes and Media's Role in Radicalization
Authors: Askanius Tina
Published: November 2021

On September 16, 2021, Dr. Tina Askanius presented on Memes and Media Usage for Radicalization at the 2021 CASIS Vancouver Defence Security Advisory Network Workshop. The key points discussed were memes as cultural units of meaning, their serious global implications, their ability to easily break through cultural and linguistic barriers, and their intricate ability to serve as ‘gateways’ into more extreme elements of far-right ideologies.
Evolution of QAnon & Radicalization by Conspiracy Theories
Authors: Moskalenko Sophia
Published: November 2021

On September 16, 2021, Dr. Moskalenko presented the Emergence and Evolution of QAnon & Radicalization by Conspiracy Theories at the 2021 CASIS Vancouver Defence Security Advisory Network Workshop. A key point of discussion was the growth of self-described “truth seeking” collectives such as QAnon. The QAnon collective has been growing in popularity at an alarming rate since the beginning of the pandemic, as the group uses multiple avenues to grow its network. Dr. Moskalenko discussed how the radicalization of individuals comes from conspiracy theories through the use of outlandish and striking conspiracies that act as entertainment, isolate individual from broader society and coincidentally, degrading mental health as a result of COVID-19.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MORPHOLOGIC EVOLUTION OF TENDINOUS AND BONE ALLOGRAFTS STERILIZED USING DIFFERENT METHODS
Authors: Rykov Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

The results of longstanding investigations devoted to study of morphologic evolution of tendinous and bone allografts sterilized using methods developed at tissue bank of RRITO n.a. R. Vreden. The experiments were performed in 370 rats and showed high information value of morphological study of biografts and its sufficiency for transplant assessment from the clinical standpoint.
SOME LEGAL AND ORGANIZATION ISSUES OF SAMPLING AND APPLICATION POSTMORTEM TISSUES IN CLINICAL TRANSPLANTOLOGY
Authors: Savelyev V. I. , Lekishvili M. V. , Rumakin V. P. , Rykov Yu. A.
Published: November 2021

The legal issues of tissue donation organization in Russian Federation and the part of tissue banks in providing of patient care institution with biological grafts are considered. The differences in activity of services of tissue and organ donation are expounded. The authors discussed the problems of tissue banks financing and possibility of its commercial activity.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FOR TRIQUETROUS FIBROCARTILAGE COMPLEX DAMAGES AT WRIST JOINT INJURIES
Authors: Kadubovskaya E. A. , Trufanov G. E. , Tikhilov R. M. , Pchelin I. G.
Published: November 2021

A brief review of the literature on normal anatomy and pathological changes of trihedral fibro-cartilage complex of wrist. The authors described in detail a method of wrist MRI, MR-image of normal and damaged articular disk, considered possible variants for his injuries. The results of MRI of wrist in 110 people including 40 patients with suspected damage were analyzed. At present MRI is the only available non-invasive method for diagnosing injuries of intraarticular structures, in particular trihedral fibro-cartilage complex.
CAPABILITIES OF COMPLEX SONOGRAPHIC IMAGING FOR BENIGN SOFT TISSUE TUMORS OF FOOT AND ANKLE
Authors: Pugacheva E. N. , Koryshkov N. A. , Koryshkova L. V.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of the complex ultrasound examination for 49 patients with benign soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle. Ultrasound findings of benign tumors have been compared and systematized taking into account their morphological patterns at the additional use of dopplerography. High diagnostic efficiency of this complex ultrasound examination has been shown.
THE METHOD OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH NONUNIONS AND GUNSHOT PSEUDOARTHROSIS OF LONG BONE OF EXTREMITIES
Authors: Akhmedov B. A.
Published: November 2021

Developed by the authors the method of treatment for nonunions and pseudoarthrosis of extremities long bones is described. It consist in mini-invasive preparation of interfragmentary space and bone grafting with cancellous graft from the wing of ilium. Successful use this method in 23 patients with gunshot wounds of humeral, forearm, femur and shin bones allows to recommend it for wide application. Suggested method of surgical treatment can be used not only after gunshot wounds, but after long bones fractures of another genesis.
ALGORITHM OF THE SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR SPINAL TUMORS
Authors: Ptashnikov D. A. , Usikov V. D. , Korytova L. I. , Magomedov Sh. Sh. , Karagodin D. F. , Rominskiy S. R. , Dulaev A. K. , Alikov Z. Yu. , Dulaeva N. M.
Published: November 2021

The 571 patients with the tumors of cervical, thoracical and lumbar spine (159 patients with benging tumors, 35 - with primary malignant tumors and 377 - with metastatic lesion of the spine) have been treated surgically in 1997-2009. Tactics of surgical treatment of patients with a tumoral lesion of a column was based on an individual approach to each case of disease and depend on histological type of a tumor, localization, a degree of diffusion of process, presence of complications, age, a somatic state of the patient and sensitivity of a tumor to conservative methods of treatment.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE TREATMENT OF THE EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOMA WITH VERTEBRAL INVOLVEMENT USING ORTHOPEDIC CORSET AND SURGICAL OPERATION
Authors: Snetkov A. I. , Kolesov S. V. , Frantov A. P. , Batrakov S. Yu. , Kudryakov S. A. , Efendiev R. M. , Sazhnev M. L.
Published: November 2021

The results of treatment of 72 patients with pathological fracture of vertebra bodies against eosinophilic granuloma a spine are analysed. Orthopedic corset technologies are used in treatment of 42 patients, surgical treatment was applied. Orthopedic corset may be used in patients with eosinophilic granuloma of backbone. This method of treatment was used in a case of the absence of spine secondary deformations and neurologic semiology. Orthopedic corset treatment is associated with long immobilization on the average within 1,5-2 years and never leads to a complete recovery of the damaged spine. Surgical treatment consists in use only at loss of height of a body to 30-40%, when destruction of spine more severe it is necessary to use operative treatment in two stages. Absolute indications to surgical treatment are the neurologic deficit and secondary deformations of a spine. Surgical treatment allows to reduce terms of treatment till 3-4 months and quickly to return the patient to an active life.
HIP RESURFACING - FIRST IMPRESSIONS AND NEW OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Kuropatkin G. V.
Published: November 2021

Midi-time follow-up results of hip resurfacing were retrospectively analyzed. 117 operations in 109 patients with average age 36,2 years were performed. From one to four years follow-up results showed good clinical and functional result with proximal hip bone stock preservation. In spite of technical difficulties of resurfacing, complication level was not more, than in standard total hip arthroplasty. This surgical procedure may be recommends for young, active patients.