bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic Evaluation of Doxorubicin Combination with Baicalein and Resveratrol Against Hct116 and Hepg2 Cancer Cell Lines (Conference Paper) #
Authors: Shniakat Wafa Naji , Ekbal H. Al-Khateeb Ekbal H. , Numan Nawfal A.M. , Manal M. Abbas  , Shakya Ashok
Published: February 2023

Combination of natural poly-phenolic compounds with chemotherapeutic agents is recently being a novel strategy in cancer therapy researches owing to their potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that modulate several intracellular signaling pathways.

Resveratrol and Baicalein are well known poly-phenolic compounds that belong to stilbene and flavone subclasses, respectively.

This study aims to investigate the possible enhancement effect of resveratrol and Baicalein when combined with doxorubicin using a different combination ratio and applied on two cancer cell lines: HCT116 (colorectal cancer cells) and HepG2 (hepatocellular cancer cells). It also investigates the possibility of such natural compounds to provide a protection effect on cardiocytes (H9C2) when resveratrol and Baicalein treatment followed by doxorubicin is used. 

The two cancer cell lines were treated with different combination groups, including the combination between doxorubicin and Baicalein or resveratrol and the combination between the three compounds using a different combination ratio for both treatment groups (i.e., two drugs or three drugs combination). Treatment applied on cells, using cell density of 7000 cells /well and incubation time was 48 hrs. MTT test was performed to assay the cell viability.

The results obtained showed that the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in the two cancer cell lines has increased when combined with Baicalein and resveratrol. Doxorubicin IC50 decreased from 4.99 µg/ml to 0.3657 µg/ml and from 7.3 µg/ml to 0.676 µg/ml on HCT116 and HepG2 cells, respectively, using constant combination ratio (1:1:1).

The combination of doxorubicin, Baicalein, and resveratrol has resulted in a less cardiotoxic effect compared to treatment with doxorubicin alone. This decrease was obviously seen when the three compounds were combined using a low concentration range and with a constant combination ratio.

Conclusion: combinations of Baicalein and resveratrol with doxorubicin chemotherapeutic drug In Vitro had enhanced the cytotoxic activity of such a chemotherapeutic drug, while simultaneously eliminating its cardio-toxicity side effect.
How Did Cuba and Canada Practise “Development” in the 1970s? cuso and the cujae Project
Authors: Dubinsky Karen
Published: February 2023

The first foreign non-governmental organization (ngo) to operate in Cuba was the Canadian University Service Overseas (cuso). Between 1971 and 1976, cuso coordinated a program to build Cuban engineering capacity by sending Canadian engineering professors to teach short courses at Ciudad Universitaria José Antonio Echeverría, Havana’s engineering school. Over one hundred Canadian professors participated, teaching 300 Cuban students. Cuban graduate students also came to Canada for research terms, and almost one hundred graduate degrees were ultimately conferred. The success of this exchange should also be measured in the relationships formed and the unique framework built by its participants. It was overseen by a joint Cuban and Canadian board. It was guided by the belief that the two countries would work, according to its founding mission, in a “genuine partnership, as opposed to a dominant or subservient relationship.” How did this First World ngo establish equitable relationships in a country that was waging a revolution against foreign assumptions of superiority? How was “development” – which was itself a product of the Cold War struggle to keep the global South on the capitalist side of the ledger – imagined among and between Cubans and Canadians in this era? This project did not conceptualize development as “solidarity” in the ideological sense and nor did it locate the condescending superiority of “technical expertise” that could be found in many of the other Canadian-global South development assistance programs. Based on cuso’s vast archive and interviews with Cuban and Canadian participants, this article explores how this project operated and also the space it opened for ongoing equitable, affective relations.
Automatic collision avoidance system with many targets, including maneuvering ones
Authors: Zinchenko S. , Nosov P. , Mateichuk V. , Mamenko P. , Popovych I. , Grosheva O.
Published: February 2023

The article considers the issues of automatic collision avoidance with many targets, including maneuvering ones, which is especially important when navigating a vessel in narrownesses. Was made a brief review of literature devoted to the problem of collision avoidance and conclusion was drown on the relevance of developing such systems. There were developed mathematical and algorithmic support of the combined collision avoidance with many targets, including maneuvering ones. Based on the synthesized algorithms, there was developed software in the MATLAB environment for a simulator of an onboard controller of a ship control system, the operability and efficiency of mathematical, algorithmic and software was tested in a closed circuit with a Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator for various types of ships, navigation areas and weather conditions. The experiments confirmed the efficiency of the proposed method and algorithms and allow to recommend them for practical use in the development of modules for automatic collision avoidance with many targets, including maneuvering ones, an onboard controller of the ship’s control system.
Coal pulverization by electric pulse method for water-coal fuel
Authors: Nussupbekov B.R. , Khassenov A.K. , Karabekova D.Zh. , Nussupbekov U.B. , Stoev M. , Bolatbekova M.M.
Published: February 2023

In the article describes the electrohydraulic method as a source of high energy concentration for the disintegration of the components of water-coal fuel in an aqueous medium under the action of pulsed discharges. The proposed method of grinding coal is based on the use of pulsed shock wave energy resulting from a spark electric discharge in a liquid. The essence and distinctive feature of the proposed technology is that the processing of the material using the energy of the shock wave released with electrohydraulic action allows to obtain a quickly crushed product of a given size. The degree of grinding of the material on the dependence of the electrical and geometric parameters of the installation is determined. The optimal parameters of the capacitance of capacitor banks, voltage of pulse discharges, number of pulse discharges and forming gap distance are proposed. The presented results of laboratory tests at different temperature mode, which proves that the grinding of coal by electric discharge method does not require additional cooling, since the processing process is carried out in a liquid medium. The main working element in the electric pulse processing is a spark discharge, the resulting product is not contaminated with the materials of grinding bodies, characteristic of the traditional mechanical method.
Pemolisian Intervensi dalam Situasi Kedaruratan: Studi Kasus Strategi Polresta Bogor dalam Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Condro Susatyo Purnomo , Purwanto Semiarto Aji , Setyabudi Chairul Muriman
Published: February 2023

This article argues for the importance of building an intervention-based policing model in an emergency situation. Through a case study of the Bogor Police's strategy in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic, this article finds gaps in empirical and theoretical developments regarding the effectiveness of modern democracy-based and community-based policing models in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. This article looks at the importance of the intervention policing paradigm, which is a combination of values-based regulation in the community and the legitimacy-based regulation of the police authority. The intervention policing model emphasizes the importance of three police intervention approaches; participatory intervention, institutional intervention, and regulatory intervention as a policing model in emergency situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic
Державне регулювання курортно-рекреаційної сфери : монографія
Authors: В.В. Гуменюк
Published: February 2023

У монографії розкрито теоретичні положення й розроблено практичні рекомендації щодо державного регулювання курортно-рекреаційної сфери в Україні та проаналізовано ринкову трансформацію в національній економіці. Проведено економічну діагностику попиту і пропозиції, здійснено моніторинг ціноутворення і конкуренції в курортнорекреаційній сфері, визначено інструментарій стимулювання її сталого розвитку. Особлива увага приділяється розробці узгоджених заходів фіскального регулювання, акціонування, використання кредитних важелів, інвестиційного інструментарію, фінансового потенціалу курортної ренти. Для економістів-науковців, державних службовців, керівників лікувально-оздоровчих закладів, працівників курортно-рекреаційної сфери, викладачів, магістрантів та всіх, хто цікавиться проблематикою розвитку і регулювання курортно-рекреаційної сфери.
Фінанси пенсійного забезпечення : монографія
Authors: І.Я. Чугунов
Published: February 2023

У монографії розглянуто інституційні засади побудови фінансового забезпечення та регулювання пенсійного захисту населення. Розкрито сутність пенсійного забезпечення як складової соціального захисту населення. Визначено механізми фінансового управління пенсійною системою. Розвинуто основні засади посилення фінансової стійкості системи пенсійного забезпечення. Узагальнено та систематизовано досвід зарубіжних країн щодо функціонування фінансового забезпечення пенсійного захисту населення. Для фахівців та наукових працівників, викладачів, студентів ВНЗ у галузі фінансів.
Exploring the Digital Revolution in Education in India during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Grover Shivi , Mathew Leemamol
Published: February 2023

One important response to COVID-19 was the intensification of the use of digital media to deliver education. However, the results are paradoxical, since the digital revolution did not lead to improvement of the social quality of teachers’ working circumstances. We analyze “internal” or subjective oriented constitutional and “external” or objective orientated conditional factors related to teachers that determine the adaptation of digitalization, taking a social quality perspective. Through a case study in the most advanced educational hub of India—Delhi—we find that the digital revolution helped India to address the first-order problems in digital transformation, namely concerning objective infrastructural facilities. The second-order problems, particularly changing the subjective belief structures of teachers related to the integration of technologies, appear to remain a challenge. As India has recently adopted a new education policy (2020), the findings of our study have significant relevance to improving the accessibility and utilization of digital technology in educational spaces.
Factores biológicos que predisponen la dependencia a sustancias psicoactivas estimulantes
Authors: Acosta Fócil Diana Rebeca
Published: February 2023

Este artículo es una revisión bibliográfica sobre la influencia de factores genéticos en la dependencia a sustancias psicoactivas estimulantes. Muchos de los factores biológicos que afectan el riesgo de dependencia de drogas aparentemente actúan a través de un factor general externo. Por otro lado, otros factores genéticos parecen ser específicos a ciertos desórdenes. Si se sabe a ciencia cierta cuáles son estos factores predisponentes, se podría desarrollar pruebas para detectarlos y planes de intervención o prevención para reducir las posibilidades de que las personas caigan en este tipo de adicciones.
Students’ Errors in Solving Matrix Multiplication Problems Based on Kastolan Theory
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Alawiyah Tuti
Published: February 2023

AbstrakMatriks merupakan salah satu materi yang diajarkan di sekolah. Namun kebanyakan siswa masih melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal materi matriks terutama pada perkalian matriks. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan analisis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal perkalian matriks untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal perkalian matriks. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teknik tes dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 28 siswa kelas XI SMK Perpajakan Riau tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Analisis kesalahan siswa dilihat berdasarkan teori Kastolan yang terdiri dari kesalahan konseptual, kesalahan prosedural, dan kesalahan teknik. Hasil analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal perkalian matriks menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 47,9% siswa melakukan kesalahan konseptual, 16,4% melakukan kesalahan prosedural, dan sebanyak 35,6% siswa melakukan kesalahan teknik. AbstractMatrix is one of the materials taught in schools. However, most students still make mistakes in solving matrix material problems, especially in matrix multiplication. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the errors made by students in working on matrix multiplication problems to increase the effectiveness of learning. The purpose of this study was to analyze the students’ errors in solving matrix multiplication problems. This descriptive qualitative study collected the data by utilizing test and interview techniques. The participants consisted of 28 students of class XI of the Riau Taxation Vocational School for the 2021/2022 academic year. Analysis of student errors was based on Kastolan's theory which encompassed conceptual errors, procedural errors, and technical errors.
Analyzing Students' Mathematical Communication Ability in Solving Numerical Literacy Problems
Authors: Rahmawati Annisa , Cholily Yus Mochamad , Zukhrufurrohmah Zukhrufurrohmah
Published: February 2023

AbstrakMasih perlu ditingkatnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa, menunjukkan bahwa perlu adanya analisis yang baik dan tepat untuk merancang langkah perbaikan yang efektif. Analisi kemampuan komunikasi matematis dapat memberikan deskripsi yang jelas berkaitan dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal berciri literasi numerasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 6 siswa kelas VIII-B SMP Negeri 1 Pasrujambe. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar tes tulis dan lembar pertanyaan tes lisan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan tahap akhir. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini terbagi menjadi tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh 4 kategori, antaralain: siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis sedang dan komunikasi matematis lisan tinggi, siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis sedang dan komunikasi matematis lisan sedang, siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis rendah dan komunikasi matematis lisan sedang, serta siswa dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis rendah dan komunikasi matematis lisan rendah. AbstractThe necessity to improve students' mathematical communication skill indicates that a good and appropriate analysis is required to design effectively corrective measures. An analysis of mathematical communication skills could provide convinced descriptions related to students' mathematical communication abilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe students' mathematical communication abilities in solving numerical literacy questions. The participants of this study were six students of class VIII-B of SMP Negeri 1 Pasrujambe. The method used was a qualitative approach, specifically descriptive research. This study utilized written test sheets and oral test question sheets. This study was conducted through the stages of planning, executing, and finalizing stage. The data analysis technique was divided into three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study obtained 4 categories, including students with moderate written mathematical communication skills and high oral mathematical communication, students with moderate written mathematical communication skills and moderate oral mathematical communication skills, students with low written mathematical communication skills and moderate oral mathematical communication  as well as students with low written mathematical communication skills and low oral mathematical communication skills.
Propozycja zmian w art. 60 Kodeksu karnego (o właściwe ujęcie podstawy nadzwyczajnego złagodzenia kary)
Authors: Pohl Łukasz
Published: February 2023

This article proposes to limit the grounds for the application of extraordinary leniency in the Criminal Code to the so-called the general basis for the application of this institution.
Результати резекції легень із приводу хіміорезистентного деструктивного туберкульозу у хворих на цукровий діабет
Authors: Волошин Я.М. , Калабуха І.А. , Хмель О.В. , Іващенко В.Є. , Маєтний Є.М. , Веремеєнко Р.А. , Брянський М.В. , Палівода М.Г. , Пилип’як О.М.
Published: February 2023

Мета. Оцінити результати резекцій легень із приводу хіміорезистентного туберкульозу (ТБ) у хворих на цукровий діабет (ЦД) і порівняти їх з аналогічною групою, в яких мікобактерії були чутливі до хіміопрепаратів.

Матеріали та методи. Під нашим спостереженням перебували 134 хворих на ЦД, яким було виконано різні види резекцій легень із приводу деструктивного ТБ і в яких хіміотерапія виявилася неефективною. Чоловіків було 83 (61,94 %), жінок – 51 (38,06 %), вік – від 14 до 67 років. ЦД 1 типу діагностовано у 102 хворих (76,11 %), ЦД 2 типу – в 32 (23,89 %). Переважав ЦД тяжкої форми – 74 випадки (55,22 %). Робота виконана коштом державного бюджету.

До надходження у відділення всім хворим на тлі дієто- й інсулінотерапії проводилася хіміотерапія: до 6 місяців – у 33 (24,63 %), 6-12 місяців – у 58 (43,28 %) і довше 12 місяців – у 43 (32,09 %). Резистентність мікобактерій до хіміопрепаратів виявлено в 73 хворих (54,48 %), від 1 до 6 препаратів. У хворих із тривалістю хіміотерапії 8-12 місяців і довше переважала широка лікарська стійкість ТБ (ШЛС-ТБ). Показаннями до операції були: фіброзно-кавернозний ТБ – у 75 хворих (55,97 %), казеозна пневмонія – в 9 (6,71 %), туберкульома – в 50 (37,32 %). Проведено передопераційну підготовку (1-2 місяці). Досягнуто компенсації ЦД і відносної стабілізації туберкульозного процесу. Під ендотрахеальним наркозом виконали операції: сегментектомія – в 54 хворих (40,3 %), прецизійна резекція легені – органозберігальна операція за розробленою автором методикою – в 15 (11,19 %), лобектомія – в 39 (29,1 %). У хворих із ШЛС-ТБ переважали великі за обсягом операції.

Під час операції що 40-60 хвилин у хворих досліджували кров на вміст у ній цукру, перевіряли дані мікро-Аструбу. У післяопераційному періоді на тлі дієто- й інсулінотерапії продовжували хіміотерапію відповідно до чутливості мікобактерій до хіміопрепаратів, внутрішньовенне крапельне введення 5 % розчину глюкози, бікарбонату натрію, кокарбоксилази. Високоефективним виявився електрофорез із 6 % розчином саліцилового натрію та гепарину (№ 10-15).

Результати та їх обговорення. Померли 3 хворих (2,23 %). Загальну клінічну ефективність після резекцій легень оцінено в 131 хворого (97,77 %): у прооперованих хворих із хіміорезистентним ТБ і ЦД вона становила 91,67 %. А після операцій із приводу вперше виявленого ТБ легень, мікобактерії якого були чутливі до хіміопрепаратів, клінічного ефекту було досягнуто в усіх хворих. У віддаленому періоді (1-15 років) повна ефективність спостерігалася у 88 пацієнтів із 97 обстежених.

Висновки. Отже, за неефективної хіміотерапії у хворих із деструктивним ТБ легень і ЦД своєчасне застосування резекції легені в поєднані з розробленими нами новими технологіями дали змогу досягнути високого повного клінічного ефекту, тоді як у прооперованих після тривалої хіміотерапії з хіміорезистентним ТБ результати були гірші.
Перебіг туберкульозу легень на тлі коронавірусної інфекції за даними комп’ютерної томографії органів грудної клітки
Authors: Ігнатьєва В.І. , Яковенко О.К. , Линник М.І. , Гуменюк Г.Л. , Святненко В.А.
Published: February 2023

Обґрунтування. Карантинні заходи з приводу пандемії COVID-19, які започатковані з 2020 р., а з 24.02.2022 – широкомасштабні воєнні дії в Україні призвели до зниження виявлення хворих на туберкульоз і зростання захворюваності та смертності від цього захворювання. Особливої уваги потребують хворі, в яких туберкульоз легень перебігає на тлі COVID-19. У таких випадках великого значення набувають своєчасна діагностика й адекватно призначене лікування. Для об’єктивної оцінки діагностики та лікування патологічного процесу найінформативнішою є комп’ютерна томографія (КТ) органів грудної клітки (ОГК).

Клінічний випадок. Хворий П., 1949 р. н., перебував на стаціонарному лікуванні з приводу вперше виявленого туберкульозу (09.02.2021) верхньої частки правої легені (інфільтративний). Дестр+, МБТ+, М-, МГ+, Риф-, К+, резист. І (-), гіст. 0, кат. 1, ког. 1 (2021). Отримував інтенсивний курс антимікобактеріальної терапії за 1-ю категорією. На КТ ОГК – ознаки інфільтративного туберкульозу верхньої частки правої легені у фазі розпаду, відсіву, з внутрішньогрудною лімфаденопатією (рис. 1) На тлі лікування загальний стан покращувався. Через 2 місяці пацієнт захворів на COVID-пневмонію, підтверджену ПЛР-тестом. За даними КТ ОГК – ознаки двобічної полісегментарної вірусної пневмонії. За класифікацією СO RADS 5, ступінь тяжкості – середній (КТ-2), з ураженням паренхіми до 30 %. У верхній частці справа визначаються зменшення специфічних інфільтратів, значне розсмоктування «м’яких» вогнищ порівняно з попереднім дослідженням (рис. 2).

Висновок. Наведений клінічний випадок демонструє, що при лікуванні туберкульозу легень вірусна пневмонія (COVID-19) не ускладнює перебіг туберкульозного процесу. КТ ОГК у хворих на туберкульоз легень на тлі COVID-19 має високу інформативність у моніторингу патологічного процесу, виявленні ускладнень та оцінки ефективності лікування.
Optimalisasi Keuntungan Usaha melalui Pelatihan Pembudidayaan Varietas Cabai Unggul yang Tahan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman dan Pengelolaan Pasca Panen
Authors: Febriantoko Jovan , Tunggal Tri , Putra Rian Rahmanda
Published: February 2023

Growing vegetables is a support to the family economy for farmers. The living conditions of fellow farmers are still far from good. The purpose of the Community Science and Technology Application in empowering Independent Advanced Farmer Groups is to provide solutions to problems in the aspects of production, management, marketing, management and post-harvest management. Thus, it has an impact in increasing the empowerment of partners. The methodology used in the application of community science and technology is training and direct practice in the field. Pre-Community Service and post Community Service results, Farmers in this activity experience increased knowledge up to 90.34%. The highest increase in knowledge results lies in the knowledge achievement indicator related to Understanding Superior Variety Seeds, while the lowest percentage increase is in the knowledge achievement indicator Understanding Post-Harvest Processing, which is 78.67%. The average level of improvement in the achievement of knowledge indicators is 45.23% of the knowledge previously possessed. The conclusion of this community service is the improvement of partners from various aspects such as the understanding of seeds of superior varieties, knowledge of planting techniques, the ability to install agricultural tools, understanding of post-harvest processing, knowledge of digital promotion and the ability to prepare financial reports.
Pengenalan Konsep Buffer Zone di Desa Teluk Sinar, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila , Sari Nukhak Nufita , Mulyawan Ronny , Ellya Hikma , Apriani Rila Rahma , Saman Said Muhammad
Published: February 2023

A buffer zone is an area designated to protect a conservation area from being disturbed by the surrounding environment. The concept of a buffer zone can be adopted to protect an area or land from contamination by factories, household, and agricultural waste. Teluk Sinar Village is a village located in a freshwater swamp area where there are mines around this area. Further, agricultural practices in the area still use chemicals that leave residues and can pollute the environment, including water pollution. The problem partner is the low level of knowledge about the impact of water pollution on organisms, including human health. Through this community service, it will be a solution to understanding the effects of water pollution for members of the Bunga Seroja Farmer Group through the concept of buffer zone technology. The community service was conducted by the lecture method and gave a pocket book. It significantly increases the knowledge and understanding of farmers about the buffer zone concept.
Patrimonio vestimentario de Antioquia: conceptos asociados para su comprensión
Authors: Fernández Silva Claudia , Vélez Granda Sandra Marcela , Sossa Londoño Ana María , Echeverri Jaramillo Ángela María , Torres Novoa Rocío , Muñoz Bedoya Daiana , Morales Moreno Laura
Published: February 2023

El objetivo general que guio esta investigación fue reconocer los saberes artesanales, tradicionales y patrimoniales de los artefactos vestimentarios que habitan el departamento de Antioquia para el desarrollo de un inventario. A partir de este, se desprenden tres objetivos específicos que, entendidos como momentos metodológicos, permitieron orientar la investigación hacia tres horizontes. El momento para el inventario estuvo alineado con el primer objetivo específico que se trazó en términos de buscar la caracterización de las técnicas artesanales asociadas a la elaboración de productos para el cuerpo vestido en el departamento de Antioquia, mediante el levantamiento y sistematización de información, en las dimensiones tecnoproductivas y socioculturales de las comunidades artesanales. En este proyecto participan tres entidades ubicadas en la ciudad de Medellín: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana con su grupo de investigación Diseño de vestuario y textiles (GIDVT), la Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo con su grupo de investigación ICONO y la Corporación Activos por los Derechos Humanos.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation are underestimated, but fatal adverse events in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy
Authors: Song Zhiqiang , Tu Dingyuan , Tang Gusheng , Liu Na , Tai Zongguang , Yang Jianmin , Wang Yang
Published: February 2023

Hematotoxicity is the most common long-term adverse event (AE) after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy. However, patients who receive CAR T therapy in pivotal clinical trials are subjected to restrictive selection criteria, and this means that rare but fatal toxicities are underestimated. Here, we systematically analyzed CAR T-associated hematologic AE using the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) between January 2017 and December 2021. Disproportionality analyses were performed using reporting odds ratios (ROR) and information component (IC); the lower limit of the ROR and IC 95% confidence interval (CI) (ROR025 and IC025) exceeding one and zero was considered significant, respectively. Among the 105,087,611 reports in FAERS, 5,112 CAR T-related hematotoxicity reports were identified. We found 23 significant over-reporting hematologic AE (ROR025 >1) compared to the full database, of which hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH; n=136 [2.7%], ROR025 = 21.06), coagulopathy (n=128 [2.5%], ROR025 = 10.43), bone marrow failure (n=112 [2.2%], ROR025 = 4.88), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC; n=99 [1.9%], ROR025 = 9.64), and B-cell aplasia (n=98 [1.9%], ROR025 = 118.16, all IC025 > 0) were highly under-reported AE in clinical trials. Importantly, HLH and DIC led to mortality rates of 69.9% and 59.6%, respectively. Lastly, hematotoxicity-related mortality was 41.43%, and 22 death-related hematologic AE were identified using LASSO regression analysis. These findings could help clinicians in the early detection of those rarely reported but lethal hematologic AE, thus reducing the risk of severe toxicities for CAR T recipients.
Blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasm with prior exposure to ruxolitinib: comparative analysis of mutations and survival
Authors: Abdelmagid Maymona G. , Al-Kali Aref , Begna Kebede H. , Hogan William J. , Litzow Mark R. , Fleti Farah , Mangaonkar Abhishek A. , Patnaik Mrinal S. , Elliott Michelle A. , Alkhateeb Hassan , Shi Min , Howard Matthew T. , Reichard Kaaren K. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Shah Mithun , Pardanani Animesh , Gangat Naseema , Tefferi Ayalew
Published: February 2023

Not available.
Promoting the Welfare Needs of Ghanaian Children through Policy Interventions and Programs-Reflections of UNCRC Provisions
Authors: Benson George , Adams Achanso Sulemana , Mohammed A-R
Published: February 2023

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) until date, remains the most relevant and comprehensive international instrument on Children’s rights. However, its implementation has suffered drawbacks stemming from administrative, cultural, economic and ideological diversities of member-states; thus slowing down the promotion of Children’s welfare in many respects. That stated, many countries of both Global North and South are stepping up their efforts with regard to child rights and welfare promotion in recent times. This study examines child welfare promotion in Ghana through structural, legal, social and policy interventions by state, in keeping with UNCRC provisions. The case study design model, mainly employed an exploratory qualitative research approach that involved 20 participants, and underpinned by an interpretivist philosophical paradigm. The study argues that government’s social intervention activities, as well as, its institutional and legal reforms have come to impact positively on the promotion and protection of child welfare. These gains notwithstanding, the implementation processes are still plagued with challenges of inadequate funding of programs as underpinned by lack of political-will. Against this backdrop, the study urges government to back its numerous action plans with adequate financial, technical and human resource provisions for the realization of Convention goals; while stiffer punishments are meted out to violators of child rights. This study provides member-states, governmental agencies, child policy makers and civil society basic insights into child rights and welfare promotion, in keeping with the tenets of UNCRC provisions.
Potensi Pengobatan Ekstrak Daun Tanaman Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) pada Ikan Lele (Clarias gariepinus) yang Terinfeksi Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Baytul Abidin La Ode , Nur Indriyani , Hamzah Muhaimin
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi penggunaan ekstrak daun tanaman kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) dalam mengobati ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) yang terinfeksi baktreri Aeromonas hydrophila.  Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan perlakuan perendaman ikan terinfeksi penyakit ke dalam ekstrak daun kumis kucing pada konsentrasi 1, 2, dan 3 ppt serta kontrol atau tanpa perendaman ekstrak tersebut. Parameter yang diukur adalah prevalensi, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, persentase hematokrit, dan jumlah leukosit. Perlakuan perendaman ekstrak daun kumis kucing pada dosis 2 ppt memberikan hasil terendah pada parameter prevalensi dan memberikan hasil tertinggi pada tingkat kelangsungan hidup, persentase hematokrit tertinggi serta signifikan dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Pengamatan pada jumlah leukosit menunjukkan dampak perlakuan yang tidak signifikan antar seluruh perlakuan namun nilainya lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan perendaman ekstrak daun kumis kucing dosis 2 ppt merupakan dosis terbaik untuk mengendalikan penyakit infeksi bakteri A. hydrophila yang menginfeksi ikan lele. Kata kunci: Orthosiphon stamineus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Clarias gariepinus
Evaluasi Tepung Bulu Seribu (Acanthaster planci) sebagai Kandidat Bahan Pakan Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Safir Muhammad , Serdiati Novalina , Mansyur Kasim , Tantu Fadly Y.
Published: February 2023

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas pakan berbahan baku tepung bulu seribu (Acanthaster planci) sebagai bahan baku pakan untuk udang vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). Pakan yang diujikan adalah pakan dengan penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci), dan tanpa penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci) (kontrol) dalam formulasi pakan. Kandungan protein kedua pakan uji adalah sama (35%). Parameter yang diamati yakni kualitas kimia (kandungan nutrien pakan), kualitas fisik (homogenitas bahan, kecepatan tenggelam, kecepatan pecahdan tingkat kekerasan pakan), dan kualitas biologi (daya pikat) pakan. Hasil analisis secara deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa pakan dengan penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci) memiliki kualitas kimia pakan relatif sama (kadar protein), kadar lemak, dan kadar bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) lebih tinggi, serat kasar dan kadar abu yang lebih rendah dari pakan kontrol. Kualitas fisik pakan meliputi tingkat homogenitas dan kecepatan pecah pakan relatif sama, sedangkan kecepatan tenggelam dan tingkat kekerasan pakan lebih tinggi pada pakan dengan penambahantepung bulu seribu (A. planci). Kualitas biologi (daya pikat) pakan lebih cepat pada pakan dengan penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci). Kesimpulan, penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci) sebagai bahan baku pakan udang vannamei (L. vannamei) memberikan kualitas kimia, fisik, dan biologi pakan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pakan tanpa penambahan tepung bulu seribu (A. planci).Kata kunci: Acanthaster planci, aroma, asam amino, bahan baku, pertumbuhan, protein pakan.
Budidaya Rumput Laut Ulva sp. Pada Kepadatan Berbeda Dengan Menggunakan Sistem Aerasi
Authors: Fitri Fajratul , Cokrowati Nunik , Lumbessy Salnida Yuniarti
Published: February 2023

Berat bibit awal Ulva sp. merupakan salah satu faktor teknis yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan, karena berhubungan dengan unsur hara yang diserap. Semakin besar berat bibit maka semakin banyak percabangan sehingga memiliki permukaan yang luas dalam menyerap nutrien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh kepadatan bibit awal yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhanUlva sp. dengan menggunakan sistem aerasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan perlakuan perbedaan padat tebar bibit yaitu kontrol (A) 1 g/L, (B) 1,5 g/L, (C) 2 g/L dan (D) 2,5 g/L dengan 3 kali pengulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dimana data hasil penelitian dianalisa menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji lanjut DUNCAN. Parameter penelitian yang diukur meliputi bobot mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, lebar lembaran talus, panjang lembaran talus, kandungan klorofil dan kualitas air. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kontrol (A) 1 g/L memberikan hasil terbaik dengan rata-rata bobot mutlak sebesar 19 g, laju pertumbuhan spesifik 1.67%, lebar lembaran talus 8.33 cm, panjang lembaran talus 7.83 cm, dan kandungan klorofil-a yaitu 22.30 mg/L. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah padat tebar bibit yang berbeda dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan Ulva sp. pada budidaya skala laboratorium.Kata Kunci: Aerasi, PadatTebar, Pertumbuhan, Ulva sp.
A statistical methodology for classifying earthquake detections and for earthquake parameter estimation in smartphone-based earthquake early warning systems
Authors: Massoda Tchoussi Frank Yannick , Finazzi Francesco
Published: February 2023

Smartphone-based earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) are emerging as a complementary solution to classic EEWSs based on expensive scientific-grade instruments. Smartphone-based systems, however, are characterized by a highly dynamic network geometry and by noisy measurements. Thus, there is a need to control the probability of false alarms and the probability of missed detection. This study proposes a statistical methodology to address this challenge and to jointly estimate in near real-time earthquake parameters like epicenter and depth. The methodology is based on a parametric statistical model, on hypothesis testing and on Monte Carlo simulation. The methodology is tested using data obtained from the Earthquake Network (EQN), a citizen science initiative that implements a global smartphone-based EEWS. It is discovered that, when the probability to miss an earthquake is fixed at 1%, the probability of false alarm is 0.8%, proving that EQN is a robust smartphone-based EEW system.
Combined computational analysis and cytology show limited depth osteogenic effect on bone defects in negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Huang Xiu-Hong , Zheng Li-Qin , Dai Yue-Xing , Hu Shao-Nan , Ning Wan-Chen , Li Si-Min , Fan Yue-Guang , Lin Zi-Ling , Huang Shao-Hong
Published: February 2023

Background: The treatment of bone defects remains a clinical challenge. The effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on osteogenesis in bone defects has been recognized; however, bone marrow fluid dynamics under negative pressure (NP) remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to examine the marrow fluid mechanics within trabeculae by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and to verify osteogenic gene expression, osteogenic differentiation to investigate the osteogenic depth under NP.

Methods: The human femoral head is scanned using micro-CT to segment the volume of interest (VOI) trabeculae. The VOI trabeculae CFD model simulating the bone marrow cavity is developed by combining the Hypermesh and ANSYS software. The effect of trabecular anisotropy is investigated, and bone regeneration effects are simulated under NP scales of −80, −120, −160, and −200 mmHg. The working distance (WD) is proposed to describe the suction depth of the NP. Finally, gene sequence analysis, cytological experiments including bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation are conducted after the BMSCs are cultured under the same NP scale.

Results: The pressure, shear stress on trabeculae, and marrow fluid velocity decrease exponentially with an increase in WD. The hydromechanics of fluid at any WD inside the marrow cavity can be theoretically quantified. The NP scale significantly affects the fluid properties, especially those fluid close to the NP source; however, the effect of the NP scale become marginal as WD deepens. Anisotropy of trabecular structure coupled with the anisotropic hydrodynamic behavior of bone marrow; An NP of −120 mmHg demonstrates the majority of bone formation-related genes, as well as the most effective proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs compared to the other NP scales.

Conclusion: An NP of −120 mmHg may have the optimal activated ability to promote osteogenesis, but the effective WD may be limited to a certain depth. These findings help improve the understanding of fluid mechanisms behind NPWT in treating bone defects.
Synthetic biodegradable polymer materials in the repair of tumor-associated bone defects
Authors: Yu Honghao , Liu Haifeng , Shen Yuan , Ao Qiang
Published: February 2023

The repair and reconstruction of bone defects and the inhibition of local tumor recurrence are two common problems in bone surgery. The rapid development of biomedicine, clinical medicine, and material science has promoted the research and development of synthetic degradable polymer anti-tumor bone repair materials. Compared with natural polymer materials, synthetic polymer materials have machinable mechanical properties, highly controllable degradation properties, and uniform structure, which has attracted more attention from researchers. In addition, adopting new technologies is an effective strategy for developing new bone repair materials. The application of nanotechnology, 3D printing technology, and genetic engineering technology is beneficial to modify the performance of materials. Photothermal therapy, magnetothermal therapy, and anti-tumor drug delivery may provide new directions for the research and development of anti-tumor bone repair materials. This review focuses on recent advances in synthetic biodegradable polymer bone repair materials and their antitumor properties.
Angiogenesis and Re-endothelialization in decellularized scaffolds: Recent advances and current challenges in tissue engineering
Authors: Mazloomnejad Radman , Babajani Amirhesam , Kasravi Mohammadreza , Ahmadi Armin , Shariatzadeh Siavash , Bahrami Soheyl , Niknejad Hassan
Published: February 2023

Decellularization of tissues and organs has recently become a promising approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to circumvent the challenges of organ donation and complications of transplantations. However, one main obstacle to reaching this goal is acellular vasculature angiogenesis and endothelialization. Achieving an intact and functional vascular structure as a vital pathway for supplying oxygen and nutrients remains the decisive challenge in the decellularization/re-endothelialization procedure. In order to better understand and overcome this issue, complete and appropriate knowledge of endothelialization and its determining variables is required. Decellularization methods and their effectiveness, biological and mechanical characteristics of acellular scaffolds, artificial and biological bioreactors, and their possible applications, extracellular matrix surface modification, and different types of utilized cells are factors affecting endothelialization consequences. This review focuses on the characteristics of endothelialization and how to optimize them, as well as discussing recent developments in the process of re-endothelialization.
Boosting Productivity for Advanced Biomanufacturing by Re-Using Viable Cells
Authors: Reger Lucas Nik , Saballus Martin , Matuszczyk Jens , Kampmann Markus , Wijffels Rene H. , Martens Dirk E. , Niemann Julia
Published: February 2023

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) have gained enormous therapeutic application during the last decade as highly efficient and flexible tools for the treatment of various diseases. Despite this success, there remain opportunities to drive down the manufacturing costs of antibody-based therapies through cost efficiency measures. To reduce production costs, novel process intensification methods based on state-of-the-art fed-batch and perfusion have been implemented during the last few years. Building on process intensification, we demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of a novel, innovative hybrid process that combines the robustness of a fed-batch operation with the benefits of a complete media exchange enabled through a fluidized bed centrifuge (FBC). In an initial small-scale FBC-mimic screening, we investigated multiple process parameters, resulting in increased cell proliferation and an elongated viability profile. Consecutively, the most productive process scenario was transferred to the 5-L scale, further optimized and compared to a standard fed-batch process. Our data show that the novel hybrid process enables significantly higher peak cell densities (163%) and an impressive increase in mAb amount of approximately 254% while utilizing the same reactor size and process duration of the standard fed-batch operation. Furthermore, our data show comparable critical quality attributes (CQAs) between the processes and reveal scale-up possibilities and no need for extensive additional process monitoring. Therefore, this novel process intensification strategy yields strong potential for transfer into future industrial manufacturing processes.
Identification of microbiological factors associated with periodontal health disparities
Authors: Wang Bing-Yan , Cao Aize , Ho Meng-Hsuan , Wilus Derek , Sheng Sally , Meng Hsiu-Wan , Guerra Elissa , Hong Jianming , Xie Hua
Published: February 2023

The present study aimed at identifying risk factors associated with periodontitis development and periodontal health disparities with emphasis on differential oral microbiota. The prevalence of periodontitis is recently rising dentate adults in the US, which presents a challenge to oral health and overall health. The risk of developing periodontitis is higher in African Americans (AAs), and Hispanic Americans (HAs) than in Caucasian Americans (CAs). To identify potentially microbiological determinations of periodontal health disparities, we examined the distribution of several potentially beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavities of AA, CA, and HA study participants. Dental plaque samples from 340 individuals with intact periodontium were collected prior to any dental treatment, and levels of some key oral bacteria were quantitated using qPCR, and the medical and dental histories of participants were obtained retrospectively from axiUm. Data were analyzed statistically using SAS 9.4, IBM SPSS version 28, and R/RStudio version 4.1.2. Amongst racial/ethnic groups: 1) neighborhood medium incomes were significantly higher in the CA participants than the AA and the HA participants; 2) levels of bleeding on probing (BOP) were higher in the AAs than in the CAs and HAs; 3) Porphyromonas gingivalis levels were higher in the HAs compared to that in the CAs; 4) most P. gingivalis detected in the AAs were the fimA genotype II strain that was significantly associated with higher BOP indexes along with the fimA type IV strain. Our results suggest that socioeconomic disadvantages, higher level of P. gingivalis, and specific types of P. gingivalis fimbriae, particularly type II FimA, contribute to risks for development of periodontitis and periodontal health disparities.