bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small-Scale Farming: A Review of Challenges and Potential Opportunities Offered by Technological Advancements
Authors: Dhillon Rajveer , Moncur Qianna
Published: October 2023

Smallholder farmers play an important role in ensuring world food security. In addition to food security, small-scale farming also provides numerous other direct and indirect environmental, social, cultural, and economic benefits by improving crop diversification, job security, and self-sufficiency. However, small-scale agriculture faces several challenges which are further exacerbated by climate change, population increase, water scarcity, and soil degradation. Agriculture has seen a lot of technological advancements in the last few decades. However, access to these advancements has not always been economically viable for small or medium farm operations. This article aimed to review the major barriers to small-scale farming and to review the status and potential opportunities offered by advanced technologies that can benefit small-scale holders. Based on the review, we found that economics, marketing, climate change, lack of awareness, educational resources, infrastructure, information, and technology are the major challenges to small-scale farming. Technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), the IoT (internet of things), irrigation automation, and the use of smartphones are already becoming mainstream in small-scale farming and other technologies like robotics, artificial intelligence (AI), yield monitoring, and food traceability have potential opportunities to solve the challenges that hamper the success of small-scale growers.
Architectural Multispecies Building Design: Concepts, Challenges, and Design Process
Authors: Grobman Yasha J. , Weisser Wolfgang , Shwartz Assaf , Ludwig Ferdinand , Kozlovsky Roy , Ferdman Avigail , Perini Katia , Hauck Thomas E. , Selvan Surayyn Uthaya , Saroglou Soultana (Tanya) , Barath Shany , Schloter Michael , Windorfer Laura
Published: October 2023

This perspective paper explores the concept of multispecies design in architecture, focusing on the building scale. Historically, architects have prioritized human needs, neglecting nature’s integration in urban settings, leading to environmental and social challenges. To address these issues, a new multispecies approach that promotes the integration of ecological knowledge into architectural design has evolved. This paper aims to map existing concepts, challenges, and gaps in this novel multispecies approach, focusing on the building scale design process and suggests a roadmap for its implementation. This paper analyzes the existing literature and current architectural practices. This analysis is complemented by the findings from an architectural design studio that have highlighted real-world challenges not readily apparent in the literature. By promoting a multispecies architectural paradigm, this research not only underscores a transformative approach to building design but also positions multispecies design as an essential strategy in combatting the challenges of declining biodiversity and escalating climate change.
Business Simulation Games for the Development of Intrinsic Motivation-Boosting Sustainability: Systematic Review
Authors: Vélez Alexander , Alonso Rebeca Kerstin , Rico-González Markel
Published: October 2023

Background: The 4th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of the 2030 Agenda is supported by new educational trends that consider game-based learning as a pedagogical method in the classroom. In particular, simulation games and motivation are relevant elements since they can play a significant role in quality education. As a result, during the last few years, research into potential interventions as well as business simulation games (BSGs) for the development of intrinsic motivation (IM) in higher education have skyrocketed. However, no reviews of the interventions and outcomes in this topic have been released. Therefore, the goals of this research were (1) to analyze the relationship between the use of BSGs and the IM of students in higher education, and (2) to identify the aspects that can be promoted by the BSGs to develop IM. Methods: In accordance with PRISMA recommendations, a systematic review was carried out of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest. Results: From the 329 investigations that were initially selected, 12 studies underwent a complete assessment, in which all interventions and results were gathered and assessed. Conclusions: There was unanimity on the importance of using BSG to foster IM in higher education.
Joint Analysis of Crash Frequency by Severity Based on a Random Parameters Approach
Authors: Chen Zhaoming , Xu Wenyuan , Qu Youyang
Published: October 2023

Unobserved heterogeneity is a major challenge in estimating reliable road safety models. The random parameters approach has been proven to be an effective way to account for unobserved heterogeneity but has rarely been used for crash frequency by severity level. In this paper, a fixed parameters model, a basic random parameters model, and an improved random parameters model, allowing for heterogeneity in the means and correlation of random parameters, are estimated and comparatively evaluated. To quantitatively analyze the impact of explanatory variables on the crash frequency of various severity levels, the calculating method of marginal effects for estimated models is proposed. The results indicate that (1) the basic random parameters model statistically outperforms the fixed parameters model, and the statistical fit can be further improved by introducing heterogeneous means and correlation of random parameters; (2) for the predictive performance, the basic random parameters model is more accurate than the fixed parameters model, and the improved random parameters model can further reduce the mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean square error by 40–100%, 3.7–8.3%, and 7.6–8.9%, respectively; (3) ignoring the unobserved heterogeneity or neglecting the heterogeneity in the means and correlation of random parameters may result in biased safety inferences, and the maximum bias of marginal effects can easily exceed 100 percent; and (4) the safety effects of explanatory variables are thoroughly discussed and the potential safety countermeasures are provided. The random parameters approach and the method for calculating marginal effects proposed in this study are expected to provide a new methodological alternative for the joint analysis of crash frequency by severity and should be helpful in uncovering the mechanism of crash occurrence and the resulting injury severity accurately.
Preparation of Ti4O7 Reactive Electrochemical Membrane for Electrochemical Oxidation of Coking Wastewater
Authors: Yu Jifang , Yu Huijun , Wang Chunhui , Ma Jingyun , Wang Jianbing
Published: October 2023

The effluent of coking wastewater comprises hundreds of refractory organics and is characterized by high toxicity and non-biodegradation. Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have been widely applied in the field of water purification. In this study, a Ti4O7 reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) was prepared using the plasma spraying method for the electro-oxidation of coking wastewater. The composition and surface morphology of the Ti4O7 REM were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was used to compare the mass transfer performance of the Ti4O7 REM in traditional batch (TB) mode and flow-through (FT) mode. In the FT mode, the effects of current density and anode–cathode distance on the treatment efficiency were investigated, and the electrocatalytic performance of the anode on coking wastewater was analyzed. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency reached 76.2% with an energy consumption of 110.5 kWh kg−1 COD under the optimal condition. In addition, cathodic polarization provides an effective technique for maintaining the long-term activity of the Ti4O7 REM. The three-dimensional fluorescence results and UV-vis spectrum showed that the aromatic compounds could be effectively degraded using the Ti4O7 REM. The Ti4O7 REM demonstrated excellent performance of electrochemical oxidation and satisfactory stability, which had a strong potential for application in the field of practical wastewater and engineering practices that respond to the concept of sustainable development.
Critical Success Factors and Challenges in Adopting Digital Transformation in the Saudi Ministry of Education
Authors: Alojail Mohammed , Alshehri Jawaher , Khan Surbhi Bhatia
Published: October 2023

Many countries are using digital transformation to increase their productivity and organizational performance. In Saudi Arabia, digital transformation is a crucial part of their Saudi Vision 2030 plan, but it is still in its early stages. To understand the factors that affect the adoption of digital transformation. The study used a qualitative interview to identify the critical success factors and challenges in adopting digital transformation at the Ministry of Education of Saudi Arabia. The main results of the study show, first, the seven main success factors include technology, employee engagement, vendor partnerships, budget, top management support, culture, and strategy. Second, the main seven challenges include organizational and strategic stakes, resistance to change, governance, data, cost, and IT infrastructure. The study developed a framework that shows the main success factors and challenges that affect adopting digital transformation in the Ministry of Education. These findings can benefit many individuals and groups, such as academics, business people, and the public, and can apply this research in other contexts. This research aimed to determine the primary factors contributing to the success of digital transformation in the Ministry of Education and the challenges that arise when implementing it, specifically within the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Education.
Urban Design for Sustainable Built Environments
Authors: Vida Jerónimo , Radicchi Antonella , Xiao Jieling
Published: October 2023

Within the context of Agenda 2030, the built environment stands at the crossroad of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [...]
Influential Factors Affecting Tea Tourists’ Behavior Intention in Cultural Ecosystem Services: An Affordance Perspective
Authors: Fu Lingbo , Xiong Chengyu , Xu Min
Published: October 2023

Tea tourism has gained prominence recently, particularly with the recognition of traditional Chinese tea processing techniques as an intangible cultural heritage. Nevertheless, as a niche form of tourism, knowledge gaps persist regarding the understanding of tea tourists’ perceptions of the tourism environment and their subsequent impact on behavior intentions. Underpinned by affordance theory, this study aims to investigate the role of tourism environment affordance in shaping behavior intentions through emotional value and cultural identity. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was employed to analyze survey data collected from 296 online responses provided by tea tourists. The key findings are as follows: (1) tea tourists primarily visit sites like a tea village, tea garden, and tea house, typically once or twice annually, with visits lasting 2–4 or 4–8 h; (2) convenient transportation and facilities, educational opportunities, and well-designed environments emerge as the most influential aspects of tourism environment affordance; and (3) tourism environment affordance significantly influences emotional value and cultural identity, and these in turn act as mediators between tourism environment affordance and behavior intentions. Therefore, this study expands the application of affordance theory to tea tourism by elucidating how perceptions of tourism environment affordance impact tea tourists’ behavior intentions and it deepens our understanding of the flow of cultural ecosystem services. Additionally, it underscores the pivotal role of tourism in providing cultural ecosystem services for preserving intangible cultural heritage and nurturing cultural identity. Practical implications for promoting tea tourism as cultural ecosystem services are also gleaned from our findings.
Integrating Ecosystem Services into Impact Assessments: A Process-Based Approach Applied to the Belgian Coastal Zone
Authors: Van der Biest Katrien , Staes Jan , Prigge Laura , Schellekens Tim , Bonte Dries , D’hondt Bram , Ysebaert Tom , Vanagt Thomas , Meire Patrick
Published: October 2023

Policy makers increasingly acknowledge the importance of considering ecosystem services (ESs) and biodiversity in impact assessment (IA) to reduce ecosystem degradation and halt ongoing losses of biodiversity. Recent research demonstrates how ESs can add value to IA, i.e., by shifting the focus from avoiding negative impacts to creating opportunities, by linking effects on ecological functioning to benefits for society, and by providing a multi-disciplinary framework that allows to consider cross-sectoral effects. However, challenges exist to its implementation in practice. The most commonly used ES models do not consider interactions among ESs. This restricts their capacity to account for cross-sectoral effects. Integrating ESs into IA also increases time investments as they cover a wide variety of disciplines and need detailed information. This paper presents a pragmatic approach that tackles these challenges and may facilitate the inclusion of ESs into IA. The approach focuses on ecosystem processes as the driver of ESs and biodiversity and the basis to evaluate effects of a project. Using the Belgian coastal ecosystem, we illustrate how the approach restricts data needs by identifying the priority ESs, how it improves the coverage of cross-sectoral effects in IA, and how it contributes to a more objective selection of impacts.
Self-Supervised Spatiotemporal Masking Strategy-Based Models for Traffic Flow Forecasting
Authors: Liu Gang , He Silu , Han Xing , Luo Qinyao , Du Ronghua , Fu Xinsha , Zhao Ling
Published: October 2023

Traffic flow forecasting is an important function of intelligent transportation systems. With the rise of deep learning, building traffic flow prediction models based on deep neural networks has become a current research hotspot. Most of the current traffic flow prediction methods are designed from the perspective of model architectures, using only the traffic features of future moments as supervision signals to guide the models to learn the spatiotemporal dependence in traffic flow. However, traffic flow data themselves contain rich spatiotemporal features, and it is feasible to obtain additional self-supervised signals from the data to assist the model to further explore the underlying spatiotemporal dependence. Therefore, we propose a self-supervised traffic flow prediction method based on a spatiotemporal masking strategy. A framework consisting of symmetric backbone models with asymmetric task heads were applied to learn both prediction and spatiotemporal context features. Specifically, a spatiotemporal context mask reconstruction task was designed to force the model to reconstruct the masked features via spatiotemporal context information, so as to assist the model to better understand the spatiotemporal contextual associations in the data. In order to avoid the model simply making inferences based on the local smoothness in the data without truly learning the spatiotemporal dependence, we performed a temporal shift operation on the features to be reconstructed. The experimental results showed that the model based on the spatiotemporal context masking strategy achieved an average prediction performance improvement of 1.56% and a maximum of 7.72% for longer prediction horizons of more than 30 min compared with the backbone models.
Effective Two-Phase Heuristic and Lower Bounds for Multi-Stage Flexible Flow Shop Scheduling Problem with Unloading Times
Authors: Hidri Lotfi
Published: October 2023

This paper addresses the flexible flow shop scheduling problem with unloading operations, which commonly occurs in modern manufacturing processes like sand casting. Although only a few related works have been proposed in the literature, the significance of this problem motivates the need for efficient algorithms and the exploration of new properties. One interesting property established is the symmetry of the problem, where scheduling from the first stage to the last or vice versa yields the same optimal solution. This property enhances solution quality. Considering the problem’s theoretical complexity as strongly NP-Hard, approximate solutions are preferable, especially for medium and large-scale instances. To address this, a new two-phase heuristic is proposed, consisting of a constructive phase and an improvement phase. This heuristic builds upon an existing efficient heuristic for the parallel machine-scheduling problem and extends it to incorporate unloading times efficiently. The selection of the two-phase heuristic is justified by its ability to generate high-quality schedules at each stage. Moreover, new efficient lower bounds based on estimating minimum idle time in each stage are presented, utilizing the polynomial parallel machine-scheduling problem with flow time minimization in the previous stage. These lower bounds contribute to assessing the performance of the two-phase heuristic over the relative gap performance measure. Extensive experiments are conducted on benchmark test problems, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. The results indicate an average computation time of 9.92 s and a mean relative gap of only 2.80% for several jobs up to 200 and several stages up to 10.
Pesticide-Induced Inflammation at a Glance
Authors: Lopes-Ferreira Monica , Farinha Luiz Rogério Ludwig , Costa Yasmin Stefanie Oliveira , Pinto Felipe Justiniano , Disner Geonildo Rodrigo , da Rosa João Gabriel dos Santos , Lima Carla
Published: October 2023

The increasing number of studies reporting the risks of the exposure to pesticides aligned with the intensified use of such hazardous chemicals has emerged as a pressing contemporary issue, notably due to the potential effects to both the environment and human health. Pesticides, while broadly applied in modern agriculture for pest control and crop protection, have raised concerns due to their unintended effects on non-target organisms. The immune system exerts a key role in the protection against the exposome, which could result in cellular imbalances and tissue damage through the inflammatory response. Pesticides, which encompass a diverse array of chemicals, have been linked to inflammation in experimental models. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss the increasing concern over the risks of pesticide exposure focusing on the effects of various chemical classes on inflammation by covering, as broadly as possible, different experimental approaches as well as the multiple or co-exposure of pesticides. Overall, pesticides potentially induce inflammation in different experimental models, manifested through skin irritation, respiratory impairment, or systemic effects. The connection between pesticides and inflammation highlights the importance of proper handling and regulation of these substances and underscores the need for research into safer and sustainable practices to reduce our reliance on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.
Structural Basis of Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin Activation and Oligomerization by Trypsin
Authors: Ogbu Chinemerem P. , Kapoor Srajan , Vecchio Alex J.
Published: October 2023

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CpE) is a β-pore forming toxin that disrupts gastrointestinal homeostasis in mammals by binding membrane protein receptors called claudins. Although structures of CpE fragments bound to claudins have been determined, the mechanisms that trigger CpE activation and oligomerization that lead to the formation of cytotoxic β-pores remain undetermined. Proteolysis of CpE in the gut by trypsin has been shown to play a role in this and subsequent cytotoxicity processes. Here, we report solution structures of full-length and trypsinized CpE using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and crystal structures of trypsinized CpE and its C-terminal claudin-binding domain (cCpE) using X-ray crystallography. Mass spectrometry and SAXS uncover that removal of the CpE N-terminus by trypsin alters the CpE structure to expose areas that are normally unexposed. Crystal structures of trypsinized CpE and cCpE reveal unique dimer interfaces that could serve as oligomerization sites. Moreover, comparisons of these structures to existing ones predict the functional implications of oligomerization in the contexts of cell receptor binding and β-pore formation. This study sheds light on trypsin’s role in altering CpE structure to activate its function via inducing oligomerization on its path toward cytotoxic β-pore formation. Its findings can incite new approaches to inhibit CpE-based cytotoxicity with oligomer-disrupting therapeutics.
Identification of 2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Derivative as a Potential Small-Molecule Inhibitor against Chikungunya and Ross River Viruses
Authors: Saha Amrita , Acharya Badri Narayan , Parida Manmohan , Saxena Nandita , Rajaiya Jaya , Dash Paban Kumar
Published: October 2023

Alphaviruses are serious zoonotic threats responsible for significant morbidity, causing arthritis or encephalitis. So far, no licensed drugs or vaccines are available to combat alphaviral infections. About 300,000 chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections have been reported in 2023, with more than 300 deaths, including reports of a few cases in the USA as well. The discovery and development of small-molecule drugs have been revolutionized over the last decade. Here, we employed a cell-based screening approach using a series of in-house small-molecule libraries to test for their ability to inhibit CHIKV replication. DCR 137, a quinazoline derivative, was found to be the most potent inhibitor of CHIKV replication in our screening assay. Both, the cytopathic effect, and immunofluorescence of infected cells were reduced in a dose-dependent manner with DCR 137 post-treatment. Most importantly, DCR 137 was more protective than the traditional ribavirin drug and reduced CHIKV plaque-forming units by several log units. CHIKV-E2 protein levels were also reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Further, DCR 137 was probed for its antiviral activity against another alphavirus, the Ross River virus, which revealed effective inhibition of viral replication. These results led to the identification of a potential quinazoline candidate for future optimization that might act as a pan-alphavirus inhibitor.
Country-Wide HCV Elimination Strategies Need to Reach Older Patients in the General Population: The Italian Experience
Authors: Torre Pietro , Coppola Roberta , Masarone Mario , Persico Marcello
Published: October 2023

HCV infection is still a major burden worldwide, and most countries are not on track to meet the WHO 2030 elimination goal. The current challenge is to identify individuals to be treated. In this study, we will describe the trend of new DAA prescriptions and the changes over time in terms of the characteristics of patients starting antiviral therapy in our unit. Data of 1646 hepatitis C patients who started therapy during the period of 2015–2022 regarding annual number of prescriptions, age, gender, nationality, HCV genotype, provenance, and liver disease severity were analyzed. We observed a peak in the number of new prescriptions in 2018 and a downward trend starting in 2019. Patients from the general population, centers for addictions, and prison differed significantly. The mean age in the general population remained above 60 years, the percentage of patients from centers for addictions and prison increased and, after 2016, there was no significant change in the percentage of patients with F3–F4 fibrosis. As HCV screening and linkage-to-care pathways seem to be already well implemented and successful in centers for addictions and in prisons, efforts need to be focused on those of older age in the general population. To carry this out, the more structured involvement of different health professionals must be figured out.
Safety, Efficacy, and Ill Intent: Examining COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions among the New Undervaccinated Moveable Middle in a U.S. Cohort, October 2022
Authors: Piltch-Loeb Rachael , Penrose Kate , Stanton Eva , Parcesepe Angela M. , Shen Yanhan , Fleary Sasha A. , Nash Denis
Published: October 2023

Individuals who received their primary vaccine series only (with no subsequent booster) may be a new type of “moveable middle” given their receipt of the original COVID-19 vaccination. One population within the moveable middle for whom tailored interventions may be needed is individuals with common mental disorders (CMD). The purpose of this paper is to understand the vaccine perceptions among this new moveable middle—the undervaccinated—and within the undervaccinated to examine the extent to which COVID-19 vaccine perceptions and motivations differ among those with and without symptoms of CMD. Using data from the CHASING COVID Cohort, we examine the relationship between vaccination status, CMD, and vaccine perceptions in the undervaccinated. Among 510 undervaccinated participants who had completed the primary vaccine series but were not boosted, the most common reasons for undervaccination focused on efficacy (not seeing a need for an additional dose, 42.4%; there not being enough evidence that a booster dose is effective, 26.5%; already having had COVID-19, 19.6%). Other concerns were related to safety (long-term side effects, 21.0%; short-term side effects, 17.6%) and logistics (plan to get a booster but haven’t had time yet, 18.8%). Overall, the greatest vaccine concerns (over 30%) for the undervaccinated focused on efficacy and safety issues. Symptoms of depression or anxiety were associated with lower levels of vaccine efficacy and greater safety concerns in adjusted models. The implications of our study are that campaigns that are hoping to maximize vaccination uptake should consider focusing on and emphasizing messaging on efficacy and safety issues.
Humoral and Cellular Immunity Are Significantly Affected in Renal Transplant Recipients, following Vaccination with BNT162b2
Authors: Fylaktou Asimina , Stai Stamatia , Kasimatis Efstratios , Xochelli Aliki , Nikolaidou Vasiliki , Papadopoulou Anastasia , Myserlis Grigorios , Lioulios Georgios , Asouchidou Despoina , Giannaki Maria , Yannaki Evangelia , Tsoulfas Georgios , Papagianni Aikaterini , Stangou Maria
Published: October 2023

Background. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) tend to mount weaker immune responses to vaccinations, including vaccines against the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods. Humoral immunity was assessed using anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) serum levels measured by ELISA, and cellular immunity was assessed using T-, B-, NK, natural killer-like T (NKT)-cell subpopulations, and monocytes measured by flow cytometry, and also specific T-cell immunity, at predefined time points after BNT162b2 vaccination, in 57 adult RTRs. Results. Administration of three booster doses was necessary to achieve anti-RBD and NAb protective levels in almost all patients (92.98%). Ab production, at several time points, was positively correlated with the corresponding renal function and inversely correlated with hemodialysis vintage (HDV) and treatment with mycophenolic acid (MPA). A gradual rise in several cell subpopulations, including total lymphocytes (p = 0.026), memory B cells (p = 0.028), activated CD4 (p = 0.005), and CD8 cells (p = 0.001), was observed even after the third vaccination dose, while a significant reduction in CD3+PD1+ (p = 0.002), NKT (p = 0.011), and activated NKT cells (p = 0.034) was noted during the same time interval. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells were present in 41% of the patients who were unable to develop Nabs, and their positivity rates four months after the second dose were in inverse correlation with monocytes (p = 0.045) and NKT cells (p = 0.01). Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses preceded the humoral ones, while two booster doses were needed for this group of immunocompromised patients to mount a protective immune response.
Macroinvertebrate Spatial Diversity Patterns of Shore Habitats in Italian High-Altitude Natural and Permanent Lakes and Ponds
Authors: Boggero Angela , Zaupa Silvia , Cesarini Giulia , Ruocco Matteo , Ansaloni Ivano , Prevedelli Daniela , Fornaroli Riccardo
Published: October 2023

A comparative analysis of environmental conditions between Alpine and Apennine lakes/ponds which represent different faces of European mountain regions was conducted. The data set was created on the basis of previous works carried out by national and international institutions including biological, physical–chemical, geographic, and precipitation data from 27 lakes/ponds placed at altitudes ranging from 2334 ± 294 m a.s.l. (in the Alps) and 1541 ± 154 m a.s.l. (in the Apennines), with mean maximum depths of about 5.5 ± 4.6 m. A specific focus was dedicated to chironomids as outstanding sentinels for local and global changes in habitat conditions. Species richness and Taxonomic Distinctness Indices were applied to lakes/ponds macroinvertebrates to highlight differences in the biodiversity of the two areas. Subsequently, associations between descriptors of the mountain region climate, lithology, water chemistry, lake morphology, geography, macroinvertebrate assemblage richness, and distinctness were examined through Principal Component Analysis, Analysis of Variance, and Non-metric Multi-dimensional Scaling. Results showed strong positive correlations between mean annual precipitation and temperature with lake macroinvertebrate biodiversity as a whole and with chironomid in particular. Thus, these shore habitats face a threat under climate change conditions (impacting thermal and precipitation regimes). These results are also central in showing that even small ecosystems are important sources of biodiversity for the lower altitudes, stressing the urgency of including them within targeted monitoring and action plans to preserve their peculiar habitat, flora, and fauna.
About the “Great Post-Cultural Filter”
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Belyaev V.A.
Published: October 2023

This article makes an attempt to consider the problem of the existence of extraterrestrial civilizations from the point of view of cultural studies. Traditionally, this issue is studied in natural science discourse. In the direction of research set by the book by I.S. Shklovsky “The Universe. Life. Mind” and continued with the book by V.M. Lipunov “From the Big Bang to the Great Silence”, problematizes the situation of the absence of manifestations of intelligent life in the observable cosmos. This phenomenon is given the name “great silence”, and the supposed absence of intelligent life is called the “Great Filter”. The author of the article shows how this problem can be transferred from natural science discourse to humanitarian discourse. The great filter in this case will turn out to be that integral condition for the constructiveness of human existence, which throughout history various kinds of religious and non-religious philosophical teachings, which became the ideologies of sociocultural systems, wanted to achieve. The author renames the Great Filter into the Great Postcultural Filter, showing the dialectical logic of the deployment of “cultural-postcultural” strategies.
Russian, American and French police officers professional vocabulary features: speech culture ethic
Authors:   Engineering and Pedagogical University named after Fevzi Yakubov, Skripichnikova N.S. , Litvyak O.V. ,   Department of English Philology at the Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University named after Fevzi Yakubov
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the professional vocabulary of American, French and Russian police officers from the ethical side of professional communication, i.e. socially oriented and nationally determined rules of speech behavior, including set expressions accepted in a professional society and used in situations of “polite” contact with an interlocutor. Etiquette greeting formulas, communication with partners, boss and colleagues from an informal point of view are compared. Similar features in the use of jargon, slang and professionalism in the speech of police officers in French, English and Russian are analyzed. Examples of dialogues, statements are taken from dictionaries, police speech researches and studies, live speech, as well as modern films that currently show the life and work of the police in the most realistic and close to life. The specify of police work contributes to rudeness, obscene vocabulary, sarcasm and self-irony, a large amount of professional jargon in speech, which makes the speech of a policeman bright, emotionally and expressively colored.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU PRIMIPARA DAN MULTIPARA YANG BAYINYA DIRAWAT DI RUANG NEONATUS INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU)RUMAH SAKIT MH. THAMRIN SALEMBA
Authors: Na Sumirih , Abdulhaq Mulyanah
Published: October 2023

Kecemasan adalah suatu hal yang biasa terjadi pada setiap individu, namun apabila tidak diatasi akan mengakibatkan gangguan yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahuihubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan pada ibu primipara dan multipara yang bayinyadirawat di ruang NICU. Metode Penelitian Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif korelatif denganpendekatan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang dengan sampel adalah totalsampling, Analisa yang digunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square untukmelihat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tingkat kecemasan. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian iniberdasarkan deskriptif pengetahuan buruk 30% dan pengatahuan baik 70% . Pada primipara cemasberat 33,3% dan cemas ringan 66,7%. Pada multipara cemas berat 28,6% dan cemas ringan 71,4%.Selanjutnya dari nilai Chi-Square (X2) = 8,231, X2tabel (X2dengan α= 5% dan derajat bebas = 1 atau X20,05(1) = 3,841, dan nilai p (Asymp. Sig.(2-sided) = 0,004) lebih kecil dari α 5% (0,05%), maka hipotesis nolditolak. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan pengetahuan dengan kecemasan, artinya pengetahuanmempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan seseorang daya keeratannya 65,6%. Kesimpulannya terdapat hubunganpengetahuan dengan kecemasan ibu. Artinya akan terjadi kecemasan pada ibu dikarenakan kurangnyapengetahuan dari ibu, daya keeratan 65,6%. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan penyuluhankesehatan melalui berbagai media, diantaranya penyuluhan kelompok ibu hamil dan PenyuluhanKesehatan Masyarakat di Rumah Sakit (PKMRS) melalui tayangan TV.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Meal Experience dalam Menciptakan Perilaku Konsumen Pasca Pembelian di Jubilare Dine and Wine Bandung
Authors: Iskandar Ridwan , Wardhana Wishnu
Published: October 2023

Restaurant and cafe industry competition is getting tougher. Implementation of the strategy is not right, causing not guaranteed of loyal consumers. When loyalty is difficult to form, at least marketers should pay attention to post purchase consumer behaviour. Consumers relate to a product, there are important elements involved in this interaction process, namely the consumer experience. Therefore, marketers should be able to pack the elements that can be controlled by the marketer that can create a positive meal experience. The presence of the stimuli provided by the organizer restaurant / cafe to create a memorable meal experience in order to stimulate the post purchase behaviour of consumers, the formulation of the problem and the purpose of this study is: How meal experience gained consumers restaurant / cafe. How consumer behaviour and how the influence of post purchase experience meal consisting of food and drinks, atmosphere, cleanliness, service levels and prices obtained by the consumer in the creation of post purchase consumer behaviour. With 110 respondents, researchers used a non-random sampling technique that is accidental sampling in selecting samples and processed using computer software SPSS 17.00. Based on the results of the correlation matrix between the sub variables meal experience of the post purchase behaviour obtained correlation results sequentially, namely, food and beverages (0.77), atmosphere (0.68), hygiene (0.65), service level (0.72) and the price (0.75). Effect of meal experience of the post purchase behaviour has a very strong relationship, which with a correlation coefficient of 0.764, this shows that the meal experience. is able to make a positive contribution then post-purchase behaviour will tend to be positive anyway.
Glosses in Greek script and language in medieval Hebrew manuscripts
Authors: Lange Nicholas De , Tchernetska Natalie
Published: October 2023

Before the discovery of the Cairo Genizah manuscripts towards the end of the nineteenth century the use of Greek scripts by Jews in the Middle Ages was undocumented and indeed unsuspected. Even today, when several Genizah texts containing such writing have been published, no study exists of the scripts themselves, or of the historical setting in which they were used.

This paper focuses on one specific group of Genizah texts : Hebrew manuscripts containing glosses or annotations in Greek, written in Greek script. While few in number, these texts are of great interest from the point of view both of their Jewish cultural context and of the history of Greek scripts.
Statim invenire ante : Finding Aids and Research Tools in Pre-Scholastic Legal and Administrative Manuscripts
Authors: Kosto Adma
Published: October 2023

L’apparition des instruments de recherche dans la culture livresque médiévale a été liée aux développements du treizième siècle : l’essor de l’université, la demande croissante pour la prédication, le passage «du texte mémorisé aux documents écrits » et d’une pratique de lecture «monastique » à une lecture «scholastique » . Cet argument repose principalement sur le témoignage des manuscrits religieux, théologiques, et philosophiques. Cependant, bien avant le treizième siècle, il existait une catégorie assez importante de livres «destinés à être utilisés, plutôt que lus » : les manuscrits juridiques et administratifs. Les livres juridiques, les inventaires et documents comptables, ainsi que les cartulaires utilisaient les mêmes techniques (tables de matières, notes marginales, en-têtes, etc.) que celles des manuscrits scholastiques du treizième siècle, et on peut trouver même des véritables instruments de recherche — des livres qui s’utilisent uniquement à côté de et en relation avec d’autres livres. Cela remet en question la notion d’un «tournant autour de l’an 1200 » dans la culture livresque. L’historien du livre manuscrit est donc invité non seulement à étudier les liens possibles entre les besoins des universitaires et des prédicateurs et la mise en page de leurs livres, mais aussi de rechercher plus attentivement les liens existant entre les milieux universitaires et l’administration.
STANDARDIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE IN THE PATIENT-CENTRIC MODEL OF CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING: ISSUES OF LEGAL DOCTRINE AND COURT PRACTICE
Authors: Myronova G. ,   Academician F. H. Burchak Scientific Research Institute of Private Law and Entrepreneurship of the National Academy of Legal Science of Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of the legal balance of imperative and dispositive means of legal regulation of relations with the application of medical and technological standards. An analysis of the modern methodology of evidence-based medicine and medical-technological standards was carried out in terms of their role in the modern legal model of the choice of treatment methods. Peculiarities of legal regulation of relations with the use of medical-technological documents are determined. The role of medical discretion in the process of making a clinical decision and choosing treatment methods for an individual patient is substantiated. The legal assessments of Ukrainian courts on the issue of the legal significance of standards in the system of clinical decision-making based on evidence-based medicine are disclosed. The main conclusions of the study are the following provisions. The modern legal model of the choice of treatment methods is a complex multifactorial process that takes place in the coordinate system "medical standard – medical discretion – patient's choice". The basic information ground for making a clinical decision is the available modern technologies of evidence-based medicine, however, the influence of other factors can adjust the decision around the main one, which is legitimate clinical guidelines and recommendations. The legal position of the Supreme Court of Ukraine in resolving disputes about the application of medical-technological standards in the professional activity of a doctor moves towards recognizing the significant role of medical discretion in making a clinical decision. Thus, in the modern conditions of standardization of service provision processes in the field of health care, quality clinical recommendations, patient-oriented approach and critical thinking of the doctor play an objectively important role. Key words: methodology of evidence-based medicine, standards of medical care, clinical decision, doctor’s discretion.
LEGAL SUPPORT FOR COMPENSATION OF THE FINANCIAL LOSSES EXPERIENCED BY UKRAINIAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS: ROLE OF THE STATE, THE EUROPEAN UNION, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Derevyanko B. , Turkot O. ,   Academician F. H. Burchak Scientific Research Institute of Private Law and Entrepreneurship of the National Academy of Legal Science of Ukraine,   State Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”,   Lviv National Environmental University
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to identify the role of the state, the European Union, and international organizations in the processes of legal support for reimbursement of the financial losses experienced by Ukrainian agricultural producers because of hostilities and aggression of the Russian federation against Ukraine, and to outline prospects by analyzing the current situation, regulatory, scientific and other sources. The conducted research confirms important position of the state in providing legal support for financial loss compensation, however, proves its mainly advisory and assisting character. The government has shaped the minimum necessary legal basis regulating the order of documenting losses caused by Russian aggression to citizens and business entities. The state has also initiated the process of exemption from taxes on the property and lands which are temporary occupied, located in the zones of active hostilities, are mined or poisoned, etc. It is confirmed that the EU member-states are objectively interested in effective work of Ukraine’s AIC enterprises, because otherwise there is a hazard of migration crisis from the poorest countries of Africa and Asia. These EU states have launched a program of humanitarian mine clearance and specific aid for some regions and business entities on their area. Thus, entities of Ukraine’s AIC receive support for purchasing and repairing agricultural machinery, fuel and lubricants, seeding material, fertilizers, etc. Significant support is also provided by international organizations. The amount of aid which is provided by the government, the EU member-states and international organizations and which is intended to compensate financial losses for Ukrainian agricultural producers can be increased by the state performing as a guarantor under agreements of loan, rent, leasing, as well as by proper informing other countries and international organizations about Ukrainian AIC entities which are potential recipients of the aid. It is proposed to delegate such liabilities to local territorial communities and chambers of commerce and industry. Key words: agro-industrial complex, farmers, losses, movable and immovable property, land, military invasion, EU member-states, international organizations, humanitarian mine clearance, taxation, deoccupied area, food safety.
Gastric Diagnosis Expert System using the Fuzzy Mamdani Method
Authors: Gusni Rozizah Dwi , Rianti Eva , Yenila Firna
Published: October 2023

The stomach is one of the important digestive organs in humans. Gastric disease is inflammation of the stomach lining caused by microorganisms, this disease is caused more by Helycobacterpylori bacteria, apart from being caused by bacteria, stomach disease can also be caused by irregular lifestyle and eating patterns. Diseases that attack the stomach are still considered trivial by the general public, so not many people know about stomach diseases and the symptoms that exist. This is what causes people to be reluctant to see a doctor when they suffer from pain that attacks the stomach. When a disease attacks the stomach, people only use experience or intuition to cure it, so it is not treated properly. By using an expert system, patients can save time going to the hospital and can improve service to patients. The results of the Mamdani fuzzy logic calculations require a report on the possibility of stomach disease suffered by the user/patient, examples of possibilities are small, somewhat large and large based on the highest value results. It is hoped that with this system, it will be easier for patients to diagnose gastric diseases to carry out prevention and early diagnosis and treatment.
Latticework based on epoxy resin and recycled clothing
Authors:   Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlán, OGURI Leticia , ESCOBAR Marlem Guadalupe ,   Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlán, PRETEL Ana María ,   Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlán
Published: October 2023

This innovation project within the construction industry introduces a captivating and eco-friendly concept: the development of lattices using recycled materials, specifically recycled clothing. The aim of this initiative is to provide a sustainable and responsible solution to the current challenges faced in construction, with a particular focus on mitigating the industry's ecological footprint. In the 21st century, the construction sector grapples with a pivotal challenge: to achieve sustainable and responsible production, while adhering to society's quality standards and demands, all the while minimizing environmental impact. Crucial to this endeavor is the integration of material recycling and the promotion of responsible construction practices that not only benefit the environment but also the local communities. The primary value added by this proposal lies in its innovative and eco-conscious approach. By harnessing the potential of recycled clothing for the fabrication of lattices and ceiling lights, an environmentally sustainable alternative is presented, reducing reliance on finite natural resources, and curbing the accumulation of textile waste in landfills.