bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma análise sobre a disposição dos serviços de cuidados paliativos no Brasil
Authors: Yabuuti Poliana , De Jesus Gustavo Monteiro , Rocha Maria Alice Santos , Baco Karen Egêa , Rebolo Maria Olivia Costa Parra
Published: February 2022

Por um lado, o envelhecimento da população decorrente do aumento da expectativa de vida impulsionado pelo avanço científico-tecnológico; e por outro, um estilo de vida baseado em hábitos que vão de encontro ao ideal de longevidade e qualidade de vida. Um paradigma da vida moderna baseado em doenças, até então fatais, que se tornaram crônico-degenerativas, estas responsáveis por causas de incapacitação, alta dependência e aumento na demanda na assistência em saúde, servindo de alerta para a sociedade sobre a necessidade de ampliação e associação de métodos terapêuticos para promoção da saúde, como o cuidados paliativo (CP). OBJETIVO: Realizar um levantamento sobre os serviços de saúde especializados em cuidados paliativos no Brasil. METODOLOGIA: estudo descritivo exploratório de abordagem quantitativa, utilizando-se de dados disponíveis pela Academia Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos e pelo Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde, ao qual foram organizados, analisados e comparados com publicações científicas sobre a temática. RESULTADOS: foram identificadas 164 instituições especializados em CP, com maior concentração na região Sudeste e menor no Norte, sendo 20% do total com atenção domiciliar. Sobre esta última, houve crescimento expressivo nos últimos 5 anos, passando de 3925 para 6139 estabelecimentos, com destaque para as Regiões Sudeste e Nordeste. CONCLUSÃO: embora os cuidados paliativos sejam vistos como recursos inovadores e promissores acerca dos seus benefícios, sua prática ainda é restrita a poucas realidades no Brasil e, portanto, clama pela necessidade de investimentos, ampliação e diversificação destes serviços para que o acesso seja um direito de todos.
Mapping of nursing interventions for elderly women with vulnerability related to HIV/AIDS
Authors: Santos Márcia Cristina de Figueiredo , Bittencourt Greicy Kelly Gouveia Dias , Beserra Patrícia Josefa Fernandes , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima da
Published: February 2022

Abstract Objective: To map the nursing interventions of the Terminology Subset for elderly women with HIV/AIDS-related vulnerabilities in the International Classification for Nursing Practice 2019/2020, according to the guidelines of the ABNT Standard ISO/TR 12.300/2016. Method: This is a descriptive exploratory study of terminological mapping, in which interventions underwent the technique of validation by consensus and human mapping. Interventions reaching 100% agreement regarding practical usefulness and classification in the Theory of Nursing Systems were validated. Finally, human mapping was performed with a single purpose and oriented from source concepts to target concepts. Results: A total of 218 interventions were validated. Following mapping, the numbers were updated due to the cardinality relationship, resulting in 221 interventions, 170 of which are not, and 51 are included in the International Classification for Nursing Practice 2019/2020. Conclusion: Mapping of the Terminological Subset of the International Classification for Nursing Practice 2019/2020 culminated in the review and update of the proposed terminology, and confirmed the usefulness of the classification system through pre-coordinated concepts.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE ABOUT HYPERTENSIVE GESTATIONAL SYNDROME AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Jacob Lia Maristela da Silva , Mafetoni Reginaldo Roque , Lopes Maria Helena Baena de Moraes , Shimo Antonieta Keiko Kakuda
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice about Gestational Hypertensive Syndrome among pregnant women, after an educational intervention. Method: a controlled, randomized and longitudinal clinical trial, related to the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice survey on Gestational Hypertensive Syndrome complications, carried out with 120 pregnant women at a public maternity hospital in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Data collection was performed at three moments and the pregnant women were separated into two groups with 60 participants each. For quantitative comparisons, the Student's t test or the Mann-Whitney's test were applied. To study qualitative associations, the Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were employed. Results: adequate assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice was identified in the intervention group, on the seventh and thirtieth days after the intervention (p<0.05), with an increased chance of adequate knowledge on the seventh (Odds Ratio=6.63 - Confidence Interval: 3.5-12.55) and on the thirtieth (Odds Ratio=6.25 - Confidence Interval: 3.13-12.50) days. In this group, the attitude was adequate on the seventh (Odds Ratio=6.11 - Confidence Interval: 3.28-11.39) and on the thirtieth (Odds Ratio=6.44 - Confidence Interval: 3.49-11.89) days. The practice was also adequate on the seventh (Odds Ratio=3.73 - Confidence Interval: 2.21-6.28) and on the thirtieth (Odds Ratio=4.91 - Confidence Interval: 2.90-8.32) days. Conclusion: the pregnant women who participated in the educational intervention presented more adequacy in relation to knowledge, attitude and practice, when compared to those in the control group. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, REBEC) RBR-8wyp8j
SOCIAL INTERACTION OF WOMEN EXPOSED TO HIV/AIDS: A REPRESENTATIVE MODEL
Authors: Silva Carla Marins , Oliveira Vanessa Silva de , Claro Heloísa Garcia , Vargens Octavio Muniz da Costa
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to present the representative model of the social interaction of women exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS based on the meanings attributed by them. Method: an interpretative and qualitative research study carried out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2017 to 2018, through semi-structured interviews with 17 women who made up four sample groups, in the period between June 2017 and January 2018. The framework for data analysis is the Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism, and the study was ethically approved as required by the National Health Council. Results: for women, the representative model of the social interaction process of exposure to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS means “not protecting themselves” and “not being protected by the other”. It is seen as a sloppy, irresponsible and reckless act. The women know the measures to prevent exposure; however, they do not use condoms and acknowledge that they are both exposed and exposing others simultaneously. The central category entitled “Neglecting one's own life although being aware of exposure to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS” stands out. Conclusion: understanding this social interaction can contribute to the apprehension of the main factors that influence the construction of these meanings by women, thus helping them to give a new meaning to this exposure and allowing them to modify their actions to protect themselves and others against AIDS. Consequently, effective assistance based on preservation of life is encouraged, with a view to comprehensive care to women and reducing their exposure to infection.
Prevalence of common mental disorders among medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Cardoso Ane Caroline Cavalcante , Barbosa Larissa Almeida de Oliveira , Quintanilha Luiz Fernando , Avena Kátia de Miranda
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Common mental disorders (CMD) have been frequently identified among university students in the health area, especially in Medicine. It is believed that characteristics inherent to the course have a potential influence on the student’s mental health. When adding the pandemic context, with its inherent social restrictions, the psychological determinants related to the unknown pathology and the fear of the rapid spread of the new coronavirus, there is the possibility of increasing the risk factors for psychological distress in this population. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of CMD among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing its main determinants in the academic, social and economic spheres. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out with 388 medical students in Salvador/BA., Data on sociodemographic and academic aspects, life habits, comorbidities and symptoms of non-psychotic disorders were collected using the Google Forms platform, measured by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results: The prevalence of CMD was 39.7% among medical students, with 47.4% in the basic cycle, 40.3% in the clinical cycle and 12.3% in the internship period. Among the factors associated with the emergence of CMD are sedentary lifestyle, smoking, use of substances that enhance academic performance, dissatisfaction with one’s academic performance, poor sleep quality, lack of appetite, frequent headaches, poor digestion, suicidal ideation and sadness. There was a higher rate of non-psychotic mental disorders among women, with no difference regarding the academic cycle and the administrative type of the educational institution. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant prevalence of CMD was demonstrated among female, white, single medical students who live with family members and do not have their own income. Although studies suggest an increase in the prevalence among university students at the present time, the data from the present study remain in agreement with the literature data prior to the pandemic, showing that the medical course itself is the main risk factor for higher rates of CMD in this population. However, further studies on the long-term impact of the pandemic on the mental health of university students are still necessary.
As políticas públicas de Educação: o caso do ensino médio na região nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Assis Leão da , Graciano André Benedito
Published: February 2022

Resumo O trabalho visa proporcionar um debate analítico-conceitual do impacto das matrículas por dependência administrativa da última etapa de formação na educação básica. Utilizou-se de um conjunto de dados compilados através do Censo da Educação Básica do Brasil, a partir de 1996 até 2018. Toma-se como referência de análise a região Nordeste do Brasil, observando o princípio da equidade, e uma perspectiva de justiça e inclusão para inferir diante das políticas públicas de educação. Deste modo, constatou-se que estes instrumentos normativos, ao serem fundamentados na equidade, são um fenômeno tardio e híbrido. Também, que a atuação estatal é reforçada na medida em que ocorre o alargamento da escolarização e a garantia de recursos através da igualdade de acesso e igualdade de tratamento.
RIESGOS LABORALES EN SALUD MENTAL EN EL PERSONAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD LAICA ELOY ALFARO DE MANABÍ, POR LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Alvarez Gerardo Villacreses , Vidal Adalberto Ávila
Published: February 2022

El artículo se sustenta en una investigación realizada con el personal de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí (ULEAM), que trabaja bajo diferentes regímenes laborales, con el objetivo de identificar las afectaciones a la salud mental de los funcionarios durante el teletrabajo, por la pandemia del COVID-19. El enfoque investigativo fue mixto, se aplicó un estudio descriptivo que empleó datos de las consultas psicológicas realizadas durante el confinamiento, por medio de la teleasistencia; así como resultados de una encuesta aplicada para caracterizar la comunidad universitaria e identificar aspectos que inciden en la afectación a su salud mental. El análisis de los resultados se coligió desde las directrices de los entes rectores del trabajo, salud y educación superior del país; así como desde posturas teóricas emitidas a través de varios autores y organizaciones nacionales e internacionales. Los principales hallazgos evidenciaron una afectación a la salud mental de la población estudiada, y fueron los más prevalentes aquellos cuadros que reflejaron síntomas de trastorno somatomorfos y cognitivos. Los datos permitieron obtener referencias para prevenir riesgos laborales que profundicen las afectaciones a la salud mental, ante el retorno laboral presencial progresivo iniciado en Ecuador, en el ámbito de la educación superior.
Problemas en la Implementación de Pruebas en Sistemas de Microservicios: Estudio de Mapeo Sistemático
Authors: Candela Uribe Christian Andrés , Gómez-Betancur Daniel , Sepúlveda-Rodríguez Luis , Chavarro-Porras Julio , Sanabria-Ordoñez John
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: En el trabajo se construyó un SMS (Systematic Mapping Study) para la identificación y clasificación de problemas y causas en la realización de pruebas en la MSA (Micro-Service Architecture). Metodología: Este SMS adoptó prácticas establecidas en ingeniería de software basada en evidencias. El SMS consideró artículos publicados desde 2016 en bases de datos como ACM, IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, WoS, Springer y Scopus. Además, la estrategia de búsqueda incluyó cuatro iteraciones de bola de nieve. Resultados: El SMS comenzó con 842 estudios y terminó con 32 estudios seleccionados, identificando nueve problemas y ocho causas relacionadas con las pruebas de software en MSA. Finalmente, los estudios se clasificaron por problemas y causas. Conclusiones: El SMS permitió inferir que la Alta Complejidad en pruebas MSA es el problema más representativo. Igualmente, las causas más destacadas son el Alto Número de Servicios, la Falta de Investigación y la proliferación de cada versión de servicio (Service Versioning).
Arquitectura basada en tecnologías emergentes y tecnología de monitoreo de tráfico de red
Authors: Caiza Narváez Juan José , Márceles Villalba Katerine , Amador Donado Siler
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Describir la estructuración de una arquitectura basada en ciberseguridad para mitigar el tráfico malicioso usando dispositivos IoT. Metodología: Para ello se utilizó una metodología basada en 4 fases, de las cuales, se da inicio con la identificación y selección de las tecnologías emergentes que presentan mayor impacto en la ciberseguridad de IoT, seguido de la identificación del algoritmo de inteligencia artificial que presente las características adecuadas a la estructura propuesta, más adelante se determinó la técnica de monitoreo adecuada para realizar la captura y monitorear el tráfico de red en tiempo real que circula por estos dispositivos IoT, para finalmente realizar la determinación de la arquitectura. Resultados: Así se obtuvo una arquitectura diseñada bajo tres capas, donde cada capa contiene la selección previa realizada en las respectivas fases. Conclusiones: Obteniendo un diseño que permite el monitoreo en tiempo real del tráfico que circula por los dispositivos IoT, considerando el almacenamiento de datos, que posteriormente se procesa bajo el algoritmo de IA(Inteligencia artificial) y determinará la creación de nuevas reglas para notificar posibles amenazas.
Usabilidad en aplicaciones de Realidad Virtual Inmersiva Accesible e inclusiva Multi-escenario: Caso práctico
Authors: Segura Ruiz Martha Yaneth , Osorio Diaz Ramiro
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar un producto de software, resultado del proyecto de investigación titulado Metodología para el desarrollo de aplicaciones de Realidad Virtual Inmersiva que cumpla con los principios del diseño universal, para validar la inclusión y accesibilidad en la experiencia de usuarios con diferentes capacidades. Metodología: La realidad virtual es una tecnología que permite al usuario simular experiencias en un mundo virtual en 3D creado por el hombre mediante software y que requiere de un dispositivo adicional como gafas o casco. Sin embargo, su utilización está limitada para personas que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad. El proceso de desarrollo de aplicaciones de realidad virtual accesibles está obligado a incluir a todas las personas. La metodología RVI-A aplicada se fundamenta en los requisitos de accesibilidad para personas con discapacidad visual y auditiva. Resultados: Para evaluar la calidad del software desde la óptica de los usuarios que presentan discapacidades auditivas y visuales se realizaron pruebas de usabilidad centradas en el usuario, mediante métodos heurísticos con expertos, y empíricos con usuarios reales, para determinar si el software cumplía con los criterios de entendimiento, aprendizaje, operabilidad, atracción y conformidad de uso. Conclusiones: El trabajo permitió concluir mediante los resultados de usabilidad que el software cumplió los requisitos del usuario y la calidad esperada, mientras que la experiencia de usuario fue positiva, logrando incluir a personas con discapacidad visual y auditiva, disminuyendo la brecha tecnológica que existe entre el mundo real y el mundo virtual, mejorando este tipo de aplicaciones.
Kontakt allergia vizsgálata Magyarországon az elmúlt 100 évben
Authors: Németh Dominik
Published: February 2022

The diagnostic method used for detecting contact sensitization is the patch test. The development of the methodology of this procedure has a long history. Selection of the patch test materials, their concentrations and vehicles, the occlusion time and reading time were also determined. This development is a result of the activities of outstanding dermatologists and allergologists of the past 100 years.
What "Persuades" God to Respond to the Psalmist's Cry? Use of Rhetorical Devices Related to "Vows of Future Praise" in Some Psalms of Lament
Authors: Dickie June F.
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Psalms of lament characteristically include affirmations of trust and sometimes a vow to praise God in the future. This article questions the motivation behind such vows by looking carefully at whether future praise is conditional on God's positive response and what other rhetorical devices are linked to the promise God makes. Attention is given to the nature of praise and lament psalms (considering the power dynamic) and foundational principles of Persuasion Theory. Five biblical psalms of lament are considered, with particular attention to their use of a vow and other persuasive tactics to encourage God to intervene. Although a vow of future praise (and other persuasive tactics) may be used, the psalmist's most critical means of persuasion (as apparent in Ps 88) is the character of the psalmist's covenant-partner. Keywords: Psalms Of Lament, Vows, Persuasion, Rhetorical Devices
Death by Stoning in the Hebrew Bible and in Post-Biblical Traditions
Authors: Bar Shaul
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Different modes of death appear in the Hebrew Bible, among which we find stoning as a form of execution. Since the person is dead, why does the Bible go to such lengths to describe this manner of death? In order to proffer an answer, we shall examine the cases which describe death by stoning. The intention behind stoning seems to have been to remove the criminal from the camp and the city. This was not merely a physical removal; it also bore significance for the dead man's spirit. The punishment of stoning prevented the burial of the corpse. Non-burial was worse than death because the spirit of the dead would not find rest and would therefore never reach the underworld. In a later period, the procedure for stoning was modified. Forms of judicial execution mentioned in the Bible, compared with those in the Talmud, indicate the latter made an effort to preserve the body of an executed man. This difference stems from the fact that in the Talmudic period the idea of resurrection was well developed. Keywords: Stoning, Idolatry, Blaspheme, Divination, Adultery, Defiant Son, Adulterous Woman, Betrothed Virgin, Non-burial.
Object Detection for Autonomous Guided Vehicle
Authors: Bhosale Tanmay , Attar Ajim , Warang Prathamesh , Patil Randhir
Published: February 2022

In recent years camera networks have been widely used in several applications such as surveillance, video conferencing, etc. The autonomous vehicle can reduce critical fatalities and injuries. Thus, an autonomous vehicle is the solution to this eliminating the possibility of human error and drastically changing the danger associated with the motor. In the rural environment, a lack of accuracy and estimation of the vehicle can be observed since the roads are not well constructed, however, in an urban area, it is very easy to detect landmarks on roads. The joint observation model is used for compensating the error of individual observations and the state of the vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to present the design of an obstacle detection system using LIDAR for an autonomous guided vehicle. LIDAR is mostly used in an autonomous vehicle to detect obstacles. It provides the exact location of obstacles in front of the vehicle. The main motto of using the LIDAR camera is to detect obstacles and send data to the controller. The Observational-Experimental methodology was used for this research. It controls the speed of the vehicle, emergency braking when an object is being detected. An autonomous vehicle system with LIDAR can be used on one-way or two-way roads and it is widely used for industrial purposes. The autonomous vehicle is useful for one-way or two-way roads. The aim of the obstacle detection system is it reduces accidents on road and reduce human power.
Prospective and Retrospective Evaluation of the U.S. Geological Survey Public Aftershock Forecast for the 2019–2021 Southwest Puerto Rico Earthquake and Aftershocks
Authors: van der Elst Nicholas J. , Hardebeck Jeanne L. , Michael Andrew J. , McBride Sara K. , Vanacore Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

The Mw 6.4 Southwest Puerto Rico Earthquake of 7 January 2020 was accompanied by a robust fore- and aftershock sequence. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has issued regular aftershock forecasts for more than a year since the mainshock, available on a public webpage. Forecasts were accompanied by interpretive and informational material, published in English and Spanish. Informational products included narrative “scenarios” for how the aftershock sequence could play out, infographics, and a report on the potential duration of the aftershock sequence through the next decade. Forecasts are based on the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model and generated using the USGS AftershockForecaster software—an interactive graphical user interface built on the OpenSHA platform (Field et al., 2003). The initial forecast is based on past sequences in similar tectonic environments; subsequent forecasts are tuned to the ongoing sequence via Bayesian model updating. Probabilistic aftershock forecasts for the next day, week, month, and year were publicly released and archived at a daily to monthly tempo, allowing for a truly prospective test of the forecast. Here, we evaluate the forecast over the first year of the recorded aftershocks. The ETAS-based forecast performed well overall, successfully capturing both the chance of having at least one earthquake of a given magnitude in a forecast interval as well as the non-Poissonian distribution of the total number of aftershocks within an interval. A retrospective analysis shows that the ETAS model is a substantial improvement over the existing Reasenberg and Jones (1989) forecast model. The exercise also reveals some limitations of the current model, in particular, with respect to nonstationarities in the aftershock magnitude distribution and model parameters throughout the evolving sequence.
Diálogos entre ética y ciencias sociales. Teoría e investigación en el campo social
Authors: Fernández Dusso Juan José ,   Universidad Icesi, Rodríguez Caporalli Enrique ,   Universidad Icesi
Published: February 2022

Este libro ofrece una selección de textos sobre problemas éticos relacionados con la teoría e investigación en el campo social. Con esta compilación se busca promover un diálogo interdisciplinar entre ética y ciencias sociales animado por lo siguiente. Primero, que los comportamientos humanos en una comunidad se relacionan con valoraciones, juicios éticos y afectos que pueden ser comprendidos de mejor manera si tejemos una relación entre la ética y las teorías e investigaciones en el campo social. Segundo, que es necesario fomentar un debate profundo sobre la manera en que las teorías sociales intervienen en las valoraciones, juicios éticos y afectos que dan forma a una comunidad. Sobre cómo las aproximan, las narran y moldean. Sobre cómo hacerlo. Y tercero, que en perjuicio de lo anterior las reflexiones sobre la investigación en el campo social se han visto limitadas por el estudio de principios y normatividades del quehacer del investigador social, muchas veces asociadas tan solo a la necesidad de promover determinados códigos de ética.
The Impacts of Tax Revenue and Investment on the Economic Growth in Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Thi , Darsono Susilo Nur Aji Cokro
Published: February 2022

Research aims: This study focuses on the correlation between tax revenue, investment, and economic growth, taking into account the non-linear effects of tax revenue.Design/Methodology/Approach: Macro data of nine countries in ASEAN (including Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) in 2000 - 2020 were extracted from the World Bank database. This research employed panel data estimations.Research findings: This study found statistical evidence of a negative effect of tax revenue on economic growth. However, when considering the non-linear effects of tax revenue, the empirical findings showed that higher tax revenue could reduce the disadvantages of tax impacts to boost economic growth. The negative effect of taxes is as obvious as the economic growth theories, but it depends on the taxation revenue. Lower tax revenue may encourage saving and investment, but it also leads to an increased government deficit, reducing economic growth through government debt, spending and investment. Moreover, this study provides consistent evidence of investment’s positive effect on economic growth in ASEAN countries during the research period.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The theoretical contribution provides evidence on the direct effect of tax revenue and investment on economic growth with a broader understanding of the tax’s non-linear effects and investment contributions in the ASEAN. The study confirms the vital role of government activity in regulating the development of the economy through taxation and investment. Practitioner/Policy implication: The severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased macroeconomic uncertainties, including uncertainty over savings, investment, and spending, potentially leading to tax revenue and investment losses. It, in turn, affects economic activities, so it requires careful consideration. Learned lessons from this study can prepare for future economic shocks and financial crises to reduce negative impacts on economic growth, including their adverse tax revenue effects.Research limitation: This study is limited by looking at the tax revenue ratio overview, which ignores the tax structure due to the lack of data collection. The following studies need to clarify the tax structure of ASEAN countries to determine which tax gives a negative impact/and which tax has a positive effect on economic growth.
Ovicidal action of different fungal pathogens against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Saranya S. , Ramaraju K. , Jeyarani S.
Published: February 2022

Bioassay studies were performed with ten different fungal isolates of six species against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Among different formulations, Hirsutella thompsonii caused significantly higher mortalities of 61.1, 35.8 and 22.1 per cent at conidial concentrations of 971, 196 and 36 conidia mm-2, respectively. At a conidial concentration of 1457 conidia mm-2, Beauveria bassiana isolate Bb101 caused significantly higher mortality rate of 46.9 per cent followed by B. bassiana isolate B2 (36.1%) and Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate Cc101 (32.1%). Based on the probit estimates, H. thompsonii was found to exert high ovicidal activity with the lowest LC50 of 674 conidia mm2 against T. urticae eggs.
Currency Mismatches and Public Debt Management: What is Effective Strategy for Developing Country?
Authors: MOUANDAT Scott Regifere
Published: February 2022

Developing countries are often confronted with debt problems because of the risks of over-indebtedness and especially the heavy default history. In such a context, debt management must be rigorous and guarantee a stable debt. However, such management is difficult in an environment marked by liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and assets denominated in domestic currencies, i.e., an environment of currency mismatches. The objective of this paper is then to determine, from a partial equilibrium model, an effective strategy for managing public debt in the presence of currency mismatches. We conclude that it is preferable to arbitrate between a debt denominated in foreign currency and a debt denominated in domestic currency. We also find that this arbitation depends on the financing conditions, i.e. the domestic interest rate and the risk premium on foreign debt. More precisely, when the government's objective is to minimize the interest burden, it is preferable to issue more local currency debt and less foreign currency debt, as long as the domestic interest rate is lower than the risk premium on foreign debt.
Solid potassium-conducting electrolytes in the systems K3-2xМxРO4 (М = Mg, Zn)
Authors:   Institute of high-temperature Electrochemistry UB of RAS, Burmakin Evgenii Iraklievich , Shekhtman Georgii Shaevich ,   Institute of high-temperature Electrochemistry UB of RAS, Antonov Boris Dmitrievich ,   Institute of high-temperature Electrochemistry UB of RAS
Published: February 2022

New potassium solid electrolytes in the systems K3-2xMxPO4 (M = Mg, Zn) were synthesized and studied. The introduction of Mg2+ and Zn2+ cations leads to sharp increasing of K3PO4 conductivity due to potassium vacancies formation and stabilization of high temperature cubic modification of orthophosphate. Maximum conductivity is observed at x ≈ 0.15–0.25 and is equal to (6–8)·10-2 S·cm-1 at 400°C, higher than 10-1 S·cm-1 at 700°C. The factors influencing on the transport properties of investigated electrolytes are discussed.
Silicon electrodes degradation at cycling
Authors:   Technological Center Scientific-industrial Complex of MIET, Galperin Valerii Aleksandrovich , Kitsyuk Evgenii Pavlovich ,   Technological Center Scientific-industrial Complex of MIET, Kulova Tat'yana L'vovna ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS, Skundin Aleksandr Mordukhaevich ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS, Tuseeva Elena Konstantinovna ,   Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of A. N. Frumkina of RAS
Published: February 2022

On basis of analysis of literature data as well as of own experimental results we suggest some regularity for degradation of silicon electrodes upon cycling. It was shown that an electrode capacity Q at n-th cycle can be calculated from equation Q = Q0 exp(kn+βn2/2), where Q0 is initial capacity value, k и β are empiric constants.
Students’ Defense Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Terms of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Chuyko Halyna , Koltunovych Tetiana ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Chaplak Yan ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Komisaryk Mariia ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the human psyche to intensify the protection mechanisms and coping strategies to optimally cope with the problem situation. The aim of the article was to study the peculiarities of the use of mental defense mechanisms and coping strategies by students in quarantine isolation caused by COVID-19, and their comparison with the protections and copings used by students before the pandemic. The study involved 108 students (future psychologists and preschool teachers). The sample is homogeneous. The average age of the subjects was 18.4 years. The empirical study used the following techniques: “Ways of Coping Questionnaire” (WCQ; Folkman & Lazarus, 1988); The Life Style Index (LSI; Plutchik et al., 1979); “SVF120” (Janke & Erdmann, 1997). Methods of descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney U were used. Mathematical data processing and graphical representation of the results were performed using the computer software package SPSS 22.0. The results of our study confirmed the hypotheses of the work on the connection of protection mechanisms with copings and on the change in the quantity and quality of protection mechanisms and coping strategies in a situation caused by quarantine isolation compared to the usual life of students. In general, this suggests a mutually reinforcing effect of copings and protections in order to effectively influence the adaptation of the individual to the circumstances through COVID-19. Understanding this pattern can help improve students' mental protection by using more mature and adequate life situations in COVID-19 protections and copings.
Formation of Professional Skills of Future Teachers of Physical Culture
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, Soltyk Oleksandr , Bazylchuk Oleg ,   Khmelnytskyi National University, Dutchak Yurii ,   Khmelnytskyi National University, Khimich Vita ,   Khmelnytskyi National University, Dobrovitska Olena ,   Khmelnytskyi Institute of Social Technologies of University «Ukraine»
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the issue of vocational skills formation of future teachers of physical culture. The following skills have been defined as one of the most important in modern profession of a teacher of physical culture: communicative skills, methodological skills (ability to differentially use different means of physical education, ability to rationally use time for the lesson, ability to develop lesson’s structure and adhere to it), and skills to predict potential dangers. On the basis of research of active teachers of physical culture, definition methods and assessment scale of professional skills data have been developed. Special attention has been paid to substantiation of pedagogical conditions aimed at formation of the given skills within professional training. Two pedagogical conditions have been defined as the most important: updating of the content of professional training of future teachers of physical culture on the basis of integration approach, and orientation of pedagogical practical studies on tackling complex studies, health improvement and educational issues. A pedagogical experiment has been carried out during which effectiveness of implementation of pedagogical conditions in the field of formation of professional skills of future teachers of physical culture has been proven. Participant of the pedagogical experiment were junior and senior students of higher educational establishments who are trained to become teachers of physical culture. By all professional skills, positive dynamics of their improvement was observed. The biggest improvement was achieved in the formation of methodological skills and ability to predict potential dangers (at the level of р ≤ 0,01). At the level of р ≤ 0,05, improvement communicative skills in experimental group was achieved.
Improving the Training of Skilled Workers for Professional Activities in Educational Institutions of Ukraine
Authors:   Vinnytsia Мykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Gurevych Roman , Koval Myroslav ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Gordiichuk Galyna ,   Vinnytsia Мykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Shakhina Iryna ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Genkal Svitlana ,   A.S. Makarenko Sumy State Pedagogical University, Romanenko Viktor ,   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogikal University
Published: February 2022

The article talks about the author's improvement of the training of skilled workers for professional activity and its effectiveness. The purpose of the research is a theoretical study of the problems of organizing the training of skilled workers and experimental verification, proposed by the authors of the organization within the framework of the experiment. The research methods are theoretical (analysis, synthesis, modeling, comparison, systematization, generalization) and empirical (a wide range of diagnostic techniques), as well as methods of mathematical statistics with testing the null hypothesis by the chi-squared test. New information and digital technologies based on the use of personal computers and multimedia tools were widely used during the training. Extracurricular work in general, general technical and special disciplines, which was carried out according to our methodology was systematic, its content was focused on the professions that are mastered by students of vocational education schools (VES). Percentages that reflect the number of correct answers at higher levels (III-IV) in the experimental groups exceed similar indicators for control groups with a reliability of 95-99.9%. Thus, the examination of the pedagogical capabilities of the proposed organization of training in VES confirmed that it provides high results of training of skilled workers in vocational education institutions. International significance of the article. The article proposes the author's effective (experimentally verified) organization of training for transitional education systems in developing countries. This system can become the basis for the development of national systems for organizing vocational education in post-totalitarian countries.
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Waller-Wise Renece
Published: February 2022

Pain and its management hold a central place in health care. The pain associated with pregnancy and giving birth is unique in that it is a normal, physiologic phenomenon that is affected by cultural mores, personal experience, and internalized sensations. There are numerous nonpharmacologic tools available to treat discomfort during pregnancy and childbirth. Some methods of nonpharmacologic relief are underutilized, due to the lack of knowledge of the evidence. Childbirth educators, doulas, nurses, and midwives are a prime source of knowledge for birthing families to learn a variety of comfort techniques during pregnancy and labor. The purpose of this article is to discuss the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as a nonpharmacologic comfort technique.
economic situation of Hungarian crop production enterprises, especially in Hajdú-Bihar county
Authors: Erdős Adél Dorottya , Szőllősi László
Published: February 2022

Increasing the competitiveness of Hungarian crop production plays a key role in moving forward at the international level. However, improving efficiency and profitability is essential in this regard. The natural resources in Hungary provide an excellent opportunity for crop production. About 8% of the arable land in Hungary (a total of 4.3 million hectares) belongs to farmers in Hajdú-Bihar County. This research is based on secondary data that can be found in the HCSO and EMIS databases. HCSO data was used for the comparison of national and county data characterising crop production, while the EMIS database was used to process the financial data of enterprises dealing with field crop production. The Hungarian sample size is 853, of which 69 enterprises are from Hajdú-Bihar County. The aim of this study is to assess the profitability, assets and financial situation of arable crop production enterprises operating in Hajdú-Bihar County as a function of national average data. Based on the examined profitability indicators (operating ROS and ROA), it was established that the enterprises in Hajdú-Bihar County are profitable, even in a national context. In terms of operating ROS, the farms in the examined county were able to achieve a 3.6 percentage point higher value due to their more efficient cost management, despite having a similar level of technology compared to businesses spanning across the entire country. The proportion of farms with the lowest leverage ratio (<20%) is 16 percentage points higher at the county level than at the national level. In addition, almost 70% of the enterprises operating in Hajdú-Bihar County have excellent liquidity. This rate is 50% at the national level.
Use of Climate-Smart Agriculture Practices and Smallholder Farmer Market Participation in Central Malawi
Authors: Matita Mirriam , Wadonda Chirwa Ephraim , Zingwe David , Mazalale Jacob
Published: February 2022

In the past few decades, climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has been promoted to improve food security and raise incomes as a strategy for sustainable agricultural development. The adoption rates among smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa, remain low and have varied in different contexts. We investigated the market participation spill over effects from the adoption of CSA practices in central Malawi. We tested the hypothesis that the extent of the use of CSA practices in the past 10 years can lead to production surpluses that enable smallholder farmers to participate in markets and thereby increase agricultural incomes. The findings suggest, among others, the need to intensify efforts to promote CSA adoption specifically over a longer period for benefits of the technologies to materialise. The adoption of CSA practices over time enhances crop market participation – an important aspect required for production sustainability as well as for transforming agriculture towards greater market orientation among smallholder farmers.
Exploring the Intersection of Sanitation, Hygiene, Water, and Health in Pastoralist Communities in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Barasa Violet , Waldman Linda
Published: February 2022

This paper explores access to water, sanitation, and health in pastoral communities in northern Tanzania. It argues that the concept of gender, used on its own, is not enough to understand the complexities of sanitation, hygiene, water, and health. It explores pastoralists’ views and perspectives on what is ‘clean’, ‘safe’, and ‘healthy’, and their need to access water and create sanitary arrangements that work for them, given the absence of state provision of modern water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure. Although Tanzania is committed to enhancing its citizens’ access to WASH services, pastoral sanitation and hygiene tend to be overlooked and little attention is paid to complex ways in which access to ‘clean’ water and ‘adequate sanitation’ is structured in these communities. This paper offers an intersectional analysis of water and sanitation needs, showing how structural discrimination in the form of a lack of appropriate infrastructure, a range of sociocultural norms and values, and individual stratifiers interact to influence the sanitation and health needs of pastoralist men, women, boys, and girls.
Quality of Handwashing in Informal Workers in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmat Basuki , Kristanto Antonius Yudi , Sondari Totih Ratna
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Worker behavior of handwashing with soap in the informal sector has rarely not been studied in Indonesia. This study was conducted to determine factors related to the quality of handwashing performed by workers in the formal and informal sectors in Indonesia. Methods: The research used secondary data from Indonesia Basic Health Research. The research design was cross-sectional, and a total sample included was 421,404 workers at the productive age of 15-64 years across 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data collected included age, gender, marital status, education, place of residence, occupation, and handwashing practice. The determinants were identified using binary logistic regression. Results and Discussion: Results showed that 1.9% of workers did not wash their hands, and 35.0% only washed their hands with water; most of them worked in the informal sector (77.5%). Regarding the characteristics of workers, age (OR=1.17; 95% CI: 1.14–1.21), gender (OR=1.23; 95% CI: 0.93–0.99), education (OR=2.07; 95% CI: 2.01–2.14), and formal workplace (OR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.40-1.46) were mostly related to the quality of handwashing. Conclusion: The government is expected to formulate a structured policy in educating the workers, especially for male, young (15-24 years), low educated, and informal workers, about good handwashing. This study recommends that the government should use the current research findings to target proper population for the policy implementation.
Implementation of Environmental Sanitation and Disinfection in Hospitals to Reduce the Spread of Covid19: A Literature Review
Authors: Anggraini Devi , Lestari Kusuma Secorpia
Published: February 2022

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is a new variant of virus that attacks the human respiratory tract which was declared by WHO as a Covid19 pandemic. Covid19 transmission through solid surfaces, air, and waste occurring in hospital areas require disinfection and sanitation monitoring to ensure that new clusters are not created and outpatients are not infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitals. Discussion: Using literature review method, 11 relevant articles that meet the inclusion criteria were selected. In the results of the study, there was a collection of samples in the solid surfaces, air and waste in both medical and non-medical areas containing SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The common objects where SARS-CoV-2 was discovered include doorknobs, toilet bowls, toilet flush buttons, and medical devices. In non-medical areas, the objects include computer keyboards, mice, and monitors. Chlorine-based disinfection for surfaces, monitoring in environmental sanitation by changing pillow and bedsheets and cleaning tables regularly were subsequently implemented. Conclusion: The implementation of environmental sanitation and disinfection is effective in eliminating the SARS-CoV-2 virus in hospitals. Studies indicated that disinfection is 95% to 99.99% effective in eliminating the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In addition, the SARS-CoV-2 virus was not discovered in isolation rooms but was located in other public hospital areas.
Parastomal hernia repair
Authors: Smith Jeffrey Michael , Kapur Sahil K. , Mericli Alexander F. , Baumann Donald P. , Butler Charles E.
Published: February 2022

Despite significant advances in abdominal wall reconstruction, parastomal hernias remain a complex problem, with a high risk of recurrence following repair. While a number of surgical hernia repair techniques have been proposed, there is no consensus on optimal management. Several clinical variables must be considered when developing a comprehensive repair plan that minimizes the likelihood of hernia recurrence and surgical site occurrences. In this review, we describe the incidence of parastomal hernias and discuss pertinent risk factors, medical history findings, physical examination findings, supplementary diagnostic modalities, parastomal hernia classification systems, surgical indications, and repair techniques. Special consideration is given to the discussion of mesh reinforcement, including available biomaterials, anatomic plane selection, and the extent of mesh reinforcement. Although open repairs are the primary focus of this article, minimally invasive laparoscopic and robotic approaches are also briefly described. It is our hope that the provided surgical outcome data will help guide surgical management and optimize outcomes for affected patients.