bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Photocatalysis Properties of TiO2/Graphene Nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Dong Fang , Chen Da , Ping Guang Xing , Wang Chao , Chen Hai Zhen , Shu Kang Ying
Published: January 2012

In this work, a novel photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic activities was developed by the combination of TiO2 with graphene oxide (GO). GO was firstly prepared by the chemical oxidation of graphite through Hummers method and the subsequent dispersion and exfoliation in water. Then, GO and P25 nanoparticles (commercial TiO2) were used as raw materials to synthesize TiO2/graphene (TiO2/GE) nanocomposites by using a one-step solvothermal method. TEM images clearly showed that TiO2 nanomaterials (the size of about 15~20 nm) were distributed well onto the two-dimensional (2D) graphene sheets, indicating the formation of TiO2/GE nanocomposites. XRD results indicated that TiO2/GE nanocomposites exhibited TiO2 crystalline phase structure. Meanwhile, it was demonstrated from the methylene blue (MB) photodegradation results that TiO2/GE nanocomposites possessed excellent photocatalytic activities with potential applications.
Photocatalytic Degradation Glyphosate with Cerium and Nitrogen Co-Doped TiO2 under Visible Irradiation
Authors: Lin Li , Zhang Xue Jun , Xiao Gu Qing , Xiong Xing
Published: January 2012

Cerium and nitrogen co-doped TiO2 nanocrystals were synthesized by a simple sol-gel process, using tetrabutyl titanate as the raw materials with (NH4)2Ce(SO4)3 and urea as ion donors. The co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electro microscopy. The photodegradation of glyphosate has been investigated in aqueous suspensions of doped TiO2 under visible irradiation. The results exhibit a higher thermal stability of anatase than pure TiO2.The uniform test results show the optimal conditions: nCe/nTi nN/nTi and calcining temperature was 0.08,0.01 and 800°C. The highest degradation rate for co-doped TiO2 show five times photocatalytic activity of Degussa P25.
Research Progress of SiO2 Matrix Composite Materials for Radomes
Authors: Li Xian Xin , Sun Ying , Li Jia Lu , Ma Ming
Published: January 2012

Silica（SiO2）matrix composite materials toughened by continuous fiber and fabric are the ideal materials for radomes, possessing many outstanding properties, for instance, high strength, excellent toughness and low density and so on. A comprehensive introduction is provided to the research and application of continuous fiber toughened SiO2 matrix composites, and some three dimensional configurations suitable for SiO2 matrix composites are mainly introduced. Combining with the future of the radome materials for missile, it is pointed out that SiO2 matrix composite materials toughed by continuous fiber or its three-dimensional fabric are the focus and development direction.
Ultrasonic Sector Scanning Method in the Application of the Accurate Determination of the Concrete Bored Pile Defect Position
Authors: Liu De Zhi , Ren Jian Min , Yang Yang
Published: January 2012

Based on the detection of cast-in-place concrete defects of bored pile as the research object, the scale of the commonly used method for measuring the determination of the defect position, which can't determine the accurate range is very large defect location of the problem, taking the first measurement method, planing initially determined by fan scanning method to determine the accurate out concrete piles defect position method, and digging pile defect position after the actual situation comparison of verifying test, test results are accurate effect and good. In the concrete bored piles detection, the level measurement method that ultrasonic testing is generally used for measuring the location range of the defects inspects too large range , which brings the inspection people can't determine the accurate defect position , affects the normal construction. Based on the engineering practice of using level measuring method and fan scanning technique combining detection methods to solve the determination on the accurate location of the defects in concrete bored piles.
Sustainable Development Theory of the Natural Step Appling Research in China Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Tang Xiu Ying , Yang Wen Cai , Yang Lin Lin , Li Shun Qin , Li Huan
Published: January 2012

Manufacturing industry is pillar one of China industry, and is also major upstream of resource wasting and environmental pollution. This paper approached to sustainable development of manufacturing industry, one Machine Tool Plant was used as an example to analysis how to lead towards sustainability applying sustainable development theory of The Natural Step. This paper combined theory with practice, the result showed the model of theory has good theoretical and practical value, and could be a new path of exploration for sustainable development of manufacturing industry
Study on Feasibility and Accuracy of Stress Test
Authors: Gan Cai Jun , Liao Kai
Published: January 2012

In practice, surface residual stress test methods mainly contain the traditional semi-destructive central blind-hole method and the emerging non-destructive X-ray diffraction technology. The two methods process different measuring principle, which indirectly reflect material elastic deformation in macroscopic and microscopic fields respectively. Generally, comparative study of the feasibility of stress test scheme and accuracy of the measurements should be implemented experimentally. Surface residual stress levels and distributions of quenched high-strength aluminum alloy plate, shot-peened specimens and welded steel plate were tested by contrast using the two methods in this paper. The results show that both of the two surface stress measurement methods are effective and correct in most cases. But center blind-hole method is not suitable in measuring the gradient distribution with large stress gradient while X-ray method would be much affected by surface treatments and material microscopic inhomogeneity despite its capable of reflecting local details of the stress distribution. In engineering applications, proper test methods should be chosen according to the level and distribution of initial stresses. In addition, several methods are suggested to apply comparatively if conditions permitted.
Research on Main-Line Voltage Fluctuation of Z-Source Inverter
Authors: Cheng Ru Qi , Zhao Yao , Zhao Geng Shen , Zha Zhi Hua
Published: January 2012

Z-source inverter main-line voltage has a fluctuation and its frequency is same with the second harmonic of output sine wave, it will increase the second harmonic content of output which affecting the performance of the inverter. Introduced the topology and control method of Z-source inverter. By modeling the Z-source inverter, analyzed the reason of DC voltage fluctuation. Proposed the method to weak the fluctuation based on circuit design. By Comparing the simulation results of main-line voltage under various circuit parameters, verified the effectiveness of this method.
Application of GIS in Internal and External Integration of Land Alteration Survey Technology
Authors: Lai Li Fang , Zhang Yu Fen
Published: January 2012

At present the mostly used land alteration survey method of direct field surveying investigation has the shortcoming of the separation of internal and external operations. This paper puts forward an internal and external integration of land alteration survey modes of PDA + GPS + ArcPAD. On the basis of demand analysis and logical structure design, the paper puts forward a land alteration data structure for the storage of PDA, studies a development method for system implementation, and further explores the solution to the problem of coordinate conversion in the GPS collection. This study is helpful for the changing of the current alteration survey mode, improving work efficiency, and reducing the error caused by the separation of internal and external operations, etc.
The Fast Design and the Optimization of the Injection Mold Based on CAD and CAE Technology
Authors: Tan Heng , Wang Ze , Dai Guo Hong , Chen Xiu Xiang , Zhu Jian Fu
Published: January 2012

Using the reverse engineering software “Imageware”, the kakou points cloud data were processed, the characteristic curve grids were divided and the curve surfaces were reconstructed in the paper. Then the reconstructed plastic model of the kakou was inputed in UG. With the help of the repair functions for UG software, the incontinuous curve surfaces were sew up, then the STL style of the kakou was saved. Using Mold Wizards of the UG, the assemble model of the mold was established, the parting surfaces were designed, the 3D models of the mold parts were acquired. With the help of Moldflow, the injection molding of the kakou was simulated and analyzed. According to the results of simulation, the structures of mold and the technology parameters were optimized .The mold design was changed digital, virtual and modern design from tradition design based on paper and experience.
"Double Teachers" Connotation Standards
Authors: Chen Xue Ping
Published: January 2012

analysis of the "double teachers" concept, this paper briefly introduces the formation of the double-meaning teachers connotation the development and change of the standard, and puts forward the accurate grasp "double teachers" connotation of the ideas and methods.
Study on Preparation and Anodic Oxidation of Gradient Porous NiTi Alloy
Authors: Li Qiang , Yu Jing Yuan , Sun Xu Dong
Published: January 2012

Gradient porous NiTi alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy method using NH4HCO3 as space-holder and modified by direct current-pulse anodic oxidation technology in low temperature. Pore characteristic and phase composition of gradient porous NiTi alloys were studied. Microstructure, composition, anti-corrosion and Ni ion release behavior of surface film were observed. The results show the porosity of porous NiTi alloys decreases from 53.2% to 42.8%, when the content of NH4HCO3 varying from uniformity to gradient distribution. The sintered gradient porous NiTi alloys composes with TiNi, Ti2Ni and TiNi3 phases. After anodic oxidation, Ti oxidation film with the thick of 240nm was formed on the gradient porous NiTi alloy. The corrosion resistance of gradient porous NiTi alloy was obviously improved and the rate of Ni release was significantly reduced.
Application of Oxygen-Releasing Material to Enhance In Situ Aerobic Bioremediation
Authors: Chen T.Y. , Kao C.M. , Chiou H.Y. , Yu Y.T. , Sung W.P.
Published: January 2012

Contamination of groundwater by petroleum-hydrocarbons is a widespread environmental problem. Generally in plumes of petroleum-hydrocarbon contamination, the dissolved oxygen (DO) demand imposed by biodegradation of organic contaminants exceeds the DO available creating anaerobic conditions within the plume core and mid-plume areas. The objectives of this bench-scale study were to (1) develop oxygen-releasing materials for continuous oxygen supplement, (2) determine the optimal components of the studied oxygen release material, and (3) evaluate the oxygen release rate and lifetime of this material. Moreover, the potential of using a passive oxygen release material to clean up aquifers contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons was also studied. Bench experiments were conducted to design and identify the components of the oxygen-releasing materials. The mixtures of the oxygen release material were prepared by blending gypsum, calcium peroxide (CaO2), sand, and water together at a ratio of 1：0.5：0.14：0.75 by weight. Cement was used as a binder and regular medium filter sand was used to increase the permeability of the mixture. Calcium peroxide releases oxygen upon contact water (2CaO2 + 2H2O → O2 + 2Ca(OH) 2). The designed material with a density of 1.1 g/cm3 was made of 3.5-cm cube for the batch experiment. Results show that the oxygen release rate of the material is 0.025 mg/day/g. The oxygen release material is able to remain active in oxygen release for more than three months. With the application of this developed oxygen release material, the contaminated subsurface can remain an aerobic environment for subsequent aerobic bioremediation. For the future field application, the developed materials can be placed in remediation wells, trenches, horizontal wells, or barriers. Thus, the passive biobarrier system has advantages over conventional system including less maintenance, cost-effectiveness, no above-ground facilities, no groundwater pumping and reinjection, no air pollution problems, and groundwater remediation in situ. The proposed treatment system would be expected to provide a more cost-effective alternative to remediate petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated aquifers. This technology can also be applied for other hazardous waste contaminated sites.
Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Recycled Concrete Latticed Wall
Authors: Zhou Jing Hai , Zhang Chao Bi , Meng Xian Hong
Published: January 2012

The low cycle loading tests of 3 pieces of recycled concrete latticed walls under different side column reinforcements and different axial pressure ratios are conducted. The failure mode, failure process, hysteresis curve, ductility, and energy dissipation of the walls are studied. The experiment results indicate that the failure mode of recycled concrete latticed wall under the cyclic load is shearing failure. It can enhance the ductility of the wall, distortion ability, and the earthquake resistance performance, with increasing the axial load ratio. It can enhance the ultimate load and restrain the crack development by increasing the reinforcement of the side columns.
Assurance Technology of Testing Adequacy Based on Functional Analysis
Authors: Wu Ju Yi , Tian Jin , Zhao Ting Di
Published: January 2012

Sufficient and efficient functional testing could efficiently find the defects existed in product development. However, due to the growing complexity of product, sufficient functional and performance testing is more difficult. Integrality of test objectives and correctness of test approach are essential to ensure the sufficient testing of products. This paper focused on the problem of integrality of test objectives and proposed a new functional analysis approach based on physical view to list all the functions and interrelationships between them.
Design of Hi-Power Continuously Adjustable Constant Current Source Based on UC3846
Authors: Li Yong , Zhang Cheng Rui , Lin Ming Xing , Li Yong Hua
Published: January 2012

This paper designs the switch adjustable constant current source based on the current mode PWM control chip UC3846, the power reach to 8kw, current 0~15A continuously adjustable. It uses the I2 control method to ensure the accuracy of the output current stability and improve the dynamic performance and response speed of the system. Feedback signals achieve in external circuit of the chip UC3846, they independent to each other to ensure the accuracy of the control signal. The model of UC3846 and the power supply were built by using Matlab Simulink separately. After building those models, the circuit was simulated by using Simulink, and its simulation results reflected the output of power supply truthfully which played a good guide for the circuit design and experiment, to avoid detours and reduce risk.
Relative Dynamic Stiffness Testing and Vibration Suppression Technology for the Complete Set of High-Precision CNC
Authors: Wang Feng Tao , Zhang Bin , Zhang Yang Yang , Fu Xing Hai , He Liu Hai
Published: January 2012

This thesis proposed a method of testing the relative dynamic stiffness for the whole machine of the high-precision CNC. That is to cut the specimen, then to test the cutting force in all directions and the spindle vibration of the actual processing respectively. It can determine the relative dynamic stiffness of the machine. According to testing results of the relative dynamic stiffness and the structural characteristics of the machine, it can make a program to restrain the suppression vibration. Comparing the dynamic stiffness before vibration suppression and after, vibration resistance of the machine significantly has been improved which validate the effectiveness of the program.
Minimal Query Algorithm of XML Document Based on Unconstrained Tree Pattern
Authors: Nie Hua Bei , Wang Yi
Published: January 2012

XML document structure uses the tree structure to express the document structure model that is different from the traditional two-dimensional relational table structure and XML query patterns mainly for tree query. Tree pattern always divided into constrained type and unconstrained type. This paper based on unconstrained tree pattern query, provide a mini algorithm of unconstrained tree pattern query, and prove the correctness of algorithm theoretically.
The Research and Implementation of Expert Identity Authentication Technology in the Science and Technology Awarding Review System
Authors: Ma Yin Hua , Liu Xiao Xing , Hu Chang Xia
Published: January 2012

In the process of scientific and technical awarding review each phase involves a lot of sensitive information. In order to embody the fairness and impartiality of review process, the safety protection of sensitive data is particularly important. This paper starts from the identity authentication, designs and implement second check technology. Practice proves that the use of these techniques greatly enhance the security and stability of the system.
Freeway Slope Stability Evaluation Based on Multi-Level Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Wu Yan Kai , Sang Xian Song , Niu Bin
Published: January 2012

On the basis of introduced basic principle of fuzzy-artificial neural network, this article constructed a slope stability assessment index system with multi-level fuzzy neural network, and made detailed evaluation criterion according to the assessment characteristics of slope stability. Through introducing the basic principle of multi-level comprehensive assessment from fuzzy mathematics and artificial neural network theory, it overcomes the defect of difficult to be quantified in evaluation process of slope stability. Therefore, it can be better to deal with some uncertain problems occurred in the slope stability assessment process, and as much as possible to express all factors influencing slope stability really and objectively. We selected 20 single factor evaluation indexes to assess slope stability based on surveying the high slope stability in Mian county-Ningqiang county freeway section. It took "normal distribution model function" as a membership function to develop a program with the model of fuzzy neural network. Furthermore, we took 30 typical slope examples as training sample to conduct effectiveness test and feedback test for the program. After the precision requirement was met, we used the program to evaluate 21 high slope examples and compared the results with the ones solved by traditional mechanical methods. The coincidence degree by using two kinds of methods to assess the same slope stability is 76.2%.
Safety Analysis of Arch Dam
Authors: Xia Yu , Yu Ying Ye , Zhang Zhong Qing , Zhao Xiao Lian
Published: January 2012

Arch dam’s failure is a super nonlinear irreversible process. The failure process of it is quite important for safety evaluation. It analyses overload of the highest RCC arch dam of the world with explicit FEM and shows the process of dam’s failure from normal operation, local deformation to overall failure by water specific gravity overcharge method. It gives a more direct and precisely safety factor. This method is also can be used in other structures.
Bearing Capacity of the Corrosion Reinforced Concrete Axial Compression Members
Authors: Wang Guo Ye , Wang Zhi Pan , Yin Yu , Wang Feng Chi
Published: January 2012

based on the relationship between steel rust expansion force and the amount of corrosion, regarding reinforced concrete as a general continuum with the use of integral model, the finite element analysis models of axial compressive members were set up. Concrete units cracking and crushing were considered by the methods of multi-axial stress William-Warnke five-parameter failure criteria and fracture dispersion mode. For axial compression corroded reinforced concrete structures, firstly under the action of rust expansion force produced by steel corrosion, cracks begin to occur around the steel, then column corner steel cracks emerge by the direction of the protective layer and progressively extend to the entire protective layer. With the increasing of the steel corrosion rate, the ultimate bearing capacity reduces. According to the relationship of the corrosion rate and the capacity reduction, a simple method of calculation was established for corrosion axis of the bearing capacity of compression members.
Research on the Application of Compound-Grouting Reinforcement Technology to Earthquake Damaged Masonry Structure
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Ping , Cheng Jin , Liu Rui
Published: January 2012

Houses of different structures are destroyed inordinately in Wenchuan earthquake .The weight and stiffness of multi-story masonry walls is big and they are destroyed seriously. In this paper, the earthquake damaged brick-concrete structural walls in Southwest university of science and technology are repaired and reinforced using compound-grouting reinforcement technology. By comparing the bearing capacity of the walls before and after repaired and reinforced and calculating, the result that reinforcement effect is good when adopting compound-grouting reinforcement technique to reinforce the masonry walls and the bearing capacity of reinforced walls is restored and improved is got.
Research of Precision CNC Internal Grinder Soft-PLC System Based on Embedded Technology
Authors: Xie Ou , Li Hua , Yin Zhen
Published: January 2012

According to the processing and control requirements of precision CNC internal grinder, a design of ARM-based embedded precision CNC internal grinder soft-PLC system was proposed. The design idea of open CNC system was introduced and the system hardware and software were packaged as the components to develop the PLC applications, achieved the logic control of the machine tool. This design meets the requirements of software design instead of hardware design and system integration development of embedded CNC system, achieved the real-time process control and improved the precision.
Numerical Simulation of Radiation Heat Transfer in a One-Dimensional Graded Index Sphere
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wang Shu Yang , Niu Guo Ling
Published: January 2012

The rays will propagate along a curved path determined by the Fermat principle in medium with inhomogeneous refractive index distribution. To avoid the complicated computation of ray trajectories, a finite element method is extended to solve the radiative transfer problem in a one-dimensional absorbing-emitting semitransparent spherical graded index medium. A problem of radiative transfer inside a semitransparent spherical graded index medium is taken as an example to verify the method. The predicted temperature distributions are determined by the proposed method, and are compared with the results available in references. The results show that finite element method can predict the radiative heat transfer in one-dimensional absorbing-emitting semitransparent spherical graded index medium accurately.
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Organization and Properties in Liquid Forging
Authors: Li Chun , Wang Jia Xuan , Miao Hua Qing
Published: January 2012

In this paper, based on the liquid forging part flange LY12, the influence of heat treatment on the organization and performance of the liquid forging part was studied through microstructure, mechanical properties and tensile fracture surface analysis methods, this article also has some guiding significance to the formulation of the best liquid forging process parameters. The results show that the sample after natural aging which mechanics performance is best, and grain is relatively small; the latter two that after artificial aging are relatively poor. With the extension of artificial aging time, the mechanical properties and the organization has a descending trend.
Constant Acceleration Control of Valve-Control-Cylinder System Based on Neural Network
Authors: Ma Jun Gong , Shang Xian Yang
Published: January 2012

To solve the serious problem of the nonlinear and Time-varying uncertainty of the valve-control-cylinder system, a control system was designed with neural-proportion-integral-differential (PID) theory. Because of the capacity of neural network, the control system showed adaptive capacity in the system of valve-control-cylinder. In this paper, the basic theory of a single neural element self-adaptive PID controller and a model identifier based on Radial Basis Function were described. The mathematic model of the valve-control-cylinder control system was set up. The simulation results prove that the neural-PID system can regulate the PID parameters dynamically by self-learning so that the system with the neural-PID controller showed quick track performance and capacity against the disturbance. The results also prove the validity and applicability of the system. The algorithm is simple, PID initial parameters are easy to adjust, easy in application of the real-time control the valve-control-cylinder system.
Research on Heating Resistance in Electric Hot Machining
Authors: Liu Xin , Xu Wen Ji , Sun Jing , Zhang Lin
Published: January 2012

Electric hot machining (EHM) can improve the cutting performance by heating resistance, consisting of metal resistance and constriction resistance, which softens the material in the deformation zone. In this paper, we present the 3D model for heating resistance and analyze its variance with experimental verification. The results show that 3D model for heating resistance can describe heating resistance well in EHM under this experiments condition.
Research on the Wear Properties of HVOF Sprayed Nanostructured WC-17Co Coatings
Authors: Gou Guo Qing , Li Da , Huang Nan , Liu Yan , Chen Hui , Meng Li Chun
Published: January 2012

Nanostructured WC-17Co coating was prepared by means of High Velocity Oxygen Flame (HVOF) technique. When eroded with quartz sand, the erosion wear resistance of nanostructured coating is better than that of 1Cr13. The loss of Co-rich phase dominates the main failure mechanism, following with minor peeling of WC particles.
Modified Phenolic Resins Based on Hyperbranched Polysiloxane with Improved Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy
Authors: Gu Cheng Long , Gu Ai Juan , Liang Guo Zheng , Yuan Li
Published: January 2012

A novel modified phenolic (PF) resin with high performance was developed, which was prepared by hybranched phenyl polysiloxane (HPSi) synthesized by our research group with PF resin. The effect of the incorporation of HPSi into PF resin on typical performance of HPSi/PF resins were systemically discussed. Results show that the incorporation of HPSi can not only effectively promote the thermal properties, but also improve the flame retardancy. For example, in the case of the modified PF resin with 10wt% HPSi, initial decompose temperature (Tdi) of HPSi is at about 405°C, which is 18°C more than that of neat PF resin at the heating rate of 10°C/min; its char yield at 800°C increases from 68.9% to 76.2% at the heating rate of 10°C/min. What’s more, HPSi10/PF resin has the maximum LOI value, which is 14.6% more than that of neat PF resin. The novel modified PF resin with improving integrated properties exhibits great potential to be used for many cutting-edges fields.
Research on Compact Resistance Performance of Flexible Fiber and Rigid Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Wang Yan Ming , Yang Wen Wen , Sun Yong , Liu Ke
Published: January 2012

The fiber reinforced concrete with flexible fiber and rigid fiber respectively added into C30 plain concrete, curing under standard condition for 28 days, was used for impact resistance performance experiment. The flexible fiber is American Dura fiber and Chinese nylon fiber. The rigid fiber is Chinese steel fiber. The impact resistance property was evaluated by initial cracking times, final cracking times and impact toughness. The result shows that the impact toughness of steel fiber concrete, Dura fiber concrete and nylon fiber concrete is respectively 15.1, 3.4 and 2.7 times of the plain concrete. The fiber reinforced concrete improves the impact resistance property compared with the plain concrete. The impact resistance of rigid steel fiber reinforced concrete is increased greatly.
Synthesis of Acetals and Ketals Catalyzed by H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2
Authors: Yang Shui Jin , Yu Li , Huang Yong Kui , Duan Guo Bin
Published: January 2012

Heterogeneous acid catalyst, H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 was synthesized by a sol-gel technique. Catalytic application of the catalyst for synthesis of acetals and ketals were tested. The variation of different reaction parameters on the yield of acetals and ketals were also studied. The yields of acetals and ketals can reach 80.0%~96.9% at the optimized conditions. The high activity and stability of the catalyst is well retained after 4 runs. The results reveal that the H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2 catalysis is a novel, effective and reusable catalyst for synthesizing actetals and ketals.
Study on the Machinability of Free Cutting Non-Lead Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Wu Di , Li Zhuang
Published: January 2012

In this paper, a new non-lead machinable austenitic stainless steel was investigated. The metallurgical properties, machinability and mechanical properties of the developed alloy were compared with those of the conventional austenitic stainless steel 321. The results have shown that the presence of machinable additives, such as sulfur, copper and bismuth, etc. contributes to the improvement of the machinability of austenitic stainless steel, because the inclusions are something like internal notches causing crack nucleation and facilitating rupture. Bismuth has a distinct advantage over lead. The machinability of the austenitic stainless steels with free-cutting additives is much better than that of austenitic stainless steel 321. The mechanical properties of the free cutting austenitic stainless steel are similar to those of 321 although the former are slightly lower than those of the latter.
Mechanical Properties of Cement Concrete under Corrosion Fatigue
Authors: Guan Bo Wen , Chen Shuan Fa , Xiong Rui , Sheng Yan Ping
Published: January 2012

Corrosion fatigue damage is the main reason of influencing cement concrete durability performance. With the loading test equipment of fatigue corrosion designed specially. Laboratory experiments are made on the cement concrete under fatigue load and sulfate solution in this paper. The related factors water-cement ratio affecting the performance of cement concrete under corrosion are also studied. Test results show the damage of cement concrete under corrosion is much more than the mathematical summation of each participating single action by alternating stresses and corrosion agents. Reducing water–cement ratio in reasonable range can improve the ability to resist the coupled action of alternating stresses and corrosion agents.
Preparation and Laboratory Study of Cationic Copolymer Clay Stabilizer PDA
Authors: Fan Zhen Zhong , Li Chao
Published: January 2012

In this paper, we introduced the method of preparing cationic copolymer clay stabilizer PDA and something about its laboratory study. Dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and acrylamide (AM) were the reaction materials, and potassium persulfate was the initiating agent, which was used to synthesize the cationic copolymer clay stabilizer PDA. Through laboratory experiments, the performance of clay stabilizer PDA was evaluated, and the results were as follows: the anti-swelling performance of PDA was better than that of KCl solution and another cationic copolymer clay stabilizer PTE. The swelling ratio of 1.0% PDA clay stabilizer was only 15.3% and anti-swelling ratio was more than 72.0%. Under the temperature of 25°C to 150°C, the anti-swelling performance was still stable. Furthermore, clay stabilizer PDA performed well in resisting salt and calcium at normal temperature, and the average damage ratio of natural cores was less than 17.5%.
Silicon Float Zone Single Crystal Automatic Growth
Authors: Jin Li Hui , Wang Yu Tian , Shen Hao Ping , Liu Jia , Yang Chun Geng , Wang Yan Jun , Chen Jia Xin
Published: January 2012

As basis of the big diameter crystal development, the single crystal automatic growth is the most important technique for system standardization and mass production. In this article, author introduced a new useful way for the single crystal automatic growth of float zone. By setting the growth interval and controlling parameter, PLC controller could automatically control the single crystal growth when the single crystal’s diameter is greater than 50mm. This method applied to the machine system can greatly reduce the fault of manual operation as well as labor intensity. Also it improved the single crystal quality which increases the ability to develop big diameter single crystal in the future.
Raman Band Redshifting of α-Cu2(OH)3Cl with Decreasing the Temperature
Authors: Liu Xiao Dong , Xu Xing Liang , Meng Dong Dong , Fujihala Masayoshi , Zheng Xu Guang , Chen Zheng Wei , Guo Qi Xin
Published: January 2012

Raman spectra of the magnetic geometric frustration material – the botallackite-structure α-Cu2(OH)3Cl polycrystalline sample were measured down to liquid N2 temperature. It is found that the hydroxyl stretching bands shift abnormally according to the lattice thermal expansion effect of normal materials, i.e., they redshift with decreasing the sample temperature (negative thermal expansion) using liquid N2 cooling while other bands blueshift. This abnormality was also confirmed by observing the band-shifting caused by local laser heating effect using different laser powers, and can be qualitatively explained by checking the local hydroxyl environment with a trimeric hydrogen bond.
Construction Optimization of the Bridge-Tunnel Sections
Authors: Chao Wan Li , Wang Xing Hua
Published: January 2012

The construction method of the joint section connecting bridge and tunnel was simulated by FEM. After Calculating and comparing the result of stresses and effect of displacement-control in the surrounding rock under three methods of construction, it shown that the side heading method was very advantageous for the stress concentration, and the CRD method provided a good control of bottom heave, as for the top heave, the double side heading method was more favorable. From the dynamic analysis, the vehicle load is found to have, though small, wide influence. What’s more, the lapping distance between the bridge and tunnel is better more than 4m, and the influence from the high running speed should be paid attention to.
Chitosan Metal Complex: An Artificial Metalloprotease Hydrolyzing Trypsin Inhibitor from Soybean
Authors: Liang Peng , Wang Dong Feng , Wang Xing Yu , Ding Mei , Zhang Li , Xu Ying
Published: January 2012

Most popular agents for protein cleavage are proteolytic enzymes, but they require more rigorous hydrolytic conditions, and it is very difficulty to separate them from the productions. In this paper, an new artificial metalloprotease, Cu(II) complex of cyclen (Cu(II)Cyc) using chitosan as supporter, was designed and synthesized successfully. The hydrolytic efficient under different conditions was measured and confirmed with HPLC, SDS-PAGE, further more. Some reaction conditions, such as pH, temperature, were researched, and the results show that the optimum reaction time was 48 h, temperature was 60 °C respectively, The observed rate constants for trypsase inhibitor cleavage was 1.006×10-2 h-1 under above conditions, and the observed rate constants was 2.120×10-2 h-1 when the pH was 9.0. This paper suggested that the chitosan metal complexes could efficiently accelerate the hydrolysis reaction.
A Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Minimizing Weight of the Composite Box Structure
Authors: Jiang Peng Yu , Lin Zhu Ming , Xu Jin , Sun Jian Qun
Published: January 2012

The particle swarm optimization was applied to the optimum design of the composite box structure.The total weight of the structure was taken as the objective function.A technique of applying PSO integrated with general finite element code was developed for the optimization.Optimization was also conducted using zero-order method included in ANSYS and a comparison was made between zero-order method and PSO.Results demonstrate that PSO can find the global optimal design with higher efficiency regardless of the initial designs.for zero-order method the optimum solution is worst than the result of the PSO optimum.
The Traits of Two-Directional Orthogonal Multivariate Small-Wave Packages with Finite Support
Authors: Chen Zhong Yin
Published: January 2012

In this paper, we introduce the notion of vector-valued multiresolution analysis and two-directional vector-valued multivariate wavelet packages associated with an integer-valued dilation matrix. A novel method for constructing multi-dimensional vector-valued wavelet packet is presented. Their characteristics are researched by means of operator theory, time-frequency analysis method and matrix theory. Three orthogonality formulas concerning the wavelet packets are establ- lished. Orthogonality decomposition relation formulas of the space are derived by constru- cting a series of subspaces of wavelet packets.
Simulation of the Structure and Properties of Room Temperature Molten Salts 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium Chloride/Chloroaluminate
Authors: Tian Guo Cai , Wang Ding , Li Ya Dong
Published: January 2012

Molecular dynamics simulation method is used to study the [Emim]Cl ionic liquid at the 300K. The density is obtained as 1.1744g/cm3 which agree well with the experimental value (1.186g/cm3) and the relative deviation is only 0.9%. The microstructure, dynamics, and physical chemical properties such as radial distribution functions, diffusion coefficients, viscosity, conductivity of room temperature molten salts [Emim]Cl/AlCl3 with different molar fraction of AlCl3 are calculated. It is shown that the density and electrical conductivity increase, whereas the viscosity decreases with the increasing of molar fraction of AlCl3. The self-diffusion coefficients of [Emim]+, Cl- and AlCl3 increases and the changes of self-diffusion coefficient of AlCl3 is the biggest as to molar fraction increase.
Controlled Drug Release from Biodegradable Bone Fillers
Authors: Zhang Yong Li , Xu Chen , Sun Zhi Ming , Yi Mao Cong , Liu Yu , Gao Jian Ping , Yan Jing
Published: January 2012

Plaster of Pairs is a common used implanting material. However, its rapid degradation or drug releasing rate as a bone filler or drug carrier does not meet the requirement of clinic application. In this paper, plaster of Pairs bone fillers loaded with drug was prepared and their degradation and the drug release period were adjusted by coating their surface with polymers. The results show that the structure of coatings can effectively control the degradation period of the bone fillers, and consequently the drug release rate.
Effects of Mn Addition and Addition Sequence on Carbon Inoculation of Mg-3%Al Alloy
Authors: Du Jun , Wang Ming Hua , Li Wen Fang
Published: January 2012

The Mg-3% Al melt was treated by carbon inoculation and Mn addition. The effects of Mn addition and addition sequence on the grain refinement were investigated. The effect of Mn on the grain refinement of Mg-3 %Al alloy by carbon inoculation was closely associated with the operating sequence of carbon inoculation and Mn addition.Mn has no obvious effect on the grain refinement under the condition that Mn pre-existed in the Mg-Al melt before carbon inoculation. However, Mn played an inhibiting role under the condition that the Mg-Al melt had been inoculated by carbon before Mn addition. The Al4C3 particles should act as potent nucleating substrates for Mg grains in the sample treated by carbon inoculation. However, the Al-C-Mn particles with Al4C3 coating film could be observed in the sample treated by Mn addition and then carbon inoculation. These particles with duplex phase structure should also act as potent nucleating substrates for Mg grains, resulting in grain refinement. The nucleating potency of most Al4C3 particles was possibly poisoned by the formation of Al-Mn-rich coating film or the Al-C-Mn intermetallic compound, resulting in grain coarsening in the samples treated by carbon inoculation before Mn addition.
Effect of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyacrylonitrile (UHMW-PAN) on the Rheological Behavior of PAN/DMSO Solution
Authors: Jiang Hui Yu , Yin Qian Qian , Zhou Mei Hua , Pan Ding
Published: January 2012

The effects of ultra high molecular weight Polyacrylonitrile (UHMW-PAN) on the rheological behavior of PAN/DMSO solution have been investigated using a cone-plate rheometer in this work. The rheological behavior was characterized by steady shear and oscillation test It is observed from the measurements that, the rheological behavior of the polymer mixture of UHMW-PAN and AMW-PAN makes a difference to the AMW-PAN solution due to macromolecular entanglements, the viscosities of the solutions decreased with the rising of shear rate, shear viscosity rise with the increase of the molecular weight of the UHMW-PAN. For dynamic experiments, a steady increase of both and with the increase of oscillation frequency and molecular weight of UHMW-PAN was seen for all samples. The and increase with the decrease of the temperature or with the increase of the contents of the UHMW-PAN.
Effect of Isothermal Holding in Solid-Liquid Phase Region on Mg2Si Morphology in Hypereutectic Al-Si In Situ Composite
Authors: Liu Zheng , Xu Hong Biao , Cao Kai , Huang Mei Yan
Published: January 2012

Mg2Si reinforced hypereutectic Al-Si in-situ composite was prepared and the effects of the isothermal holding temperature and time on Mg2Si in the composite were researched. The results showed that there were the important effects of holding temperature and time in the solid-liquid phase region of the Al-Si alloy on the size and morphology of Mg2Si. The size and morphology of Mg2Si became smaller and round with the rising of the holding temperature and prolonging of the holding time. The suitable technology in the test was obtained, in which when being held at 615°C for 300s, the size of Mg2Si decreased to 20.54μm and the shape factor of Mg2Si reached about 0.67.
Discussion on the Sustainable Development of Urban Water Conservancy Infrastructure Construction
Authors: Ma Chun Jie , Cao Gong Li , Ma Yan Ting
Published: January 2012

The emerge of urban water conservancy was an intrinsic demand for the water conservancy development in the new historical background,which is the inevitable outcome of the development of the city.At present,on the contrary to the sustainable development strategy,there are a number of problems exist in China's urban water conservancy,which is not only a waste of resources, but also seriously affected the normal life of residents. By analysising the problems that exist in reality, the author propose some recommendations about building a sustainable urban water conservancy,and expect the attention to related departments.
Methods of Improving Part Accuracy during Rapid Prototyping
Authors: Peng An Hua
Published: January 2012

Improving part quality during rapid prototyping is the important problem. The part errors during rapid prototyping is classified in dimension error, shaped error and roughness of surface. The shaped errors have many forms in fused deposition modeling (FDM), largely including warpage deformation, stair-stepping effect, and so on. There are several reasons for the errors, including principle, process and equipment. The reasons inducing these errors are analyzed, and the measures improving part accuracy are proposed
The History, Classes and Presentations of Groups
Authors: Guo Xiao Qiang , He Zheng Jun
Published: January 2012

First we introduce the history of group theory. Group theory has three main historical sources: number theory, the theory of algebraic equations, and geometry. Secondly, we give the main classes of groups: permutation groups, matrix groups, transformation groups, abstract groups and topological and algebraic groups. Finally, we give two different presentations of a group: combinatorial group theory and geometric group theory.
Burnishing and Electrofinishing in Screw Surface Polishing
Authors: Pa P.S.
Published: January 2012

The current study discusses the surface finish of several common die materials, of which the screw-surface is finished by compound processes of electrochemical finishing and burnishing. The burnishing-tool uses ceramic material connected with the electrode and moves, following the electrode, to burnish the workpiece. In the experiment, the electrode is used with a continuous and pulsed direct current. The results show that the use of a higher rotational speed for the electrode and burnishing-tool is advantageous to the finish. A partial form with a thinner heavy section performs the best finish effect in the current investigation. Pulsed direct current can slightly improve the finish effect. The burnishing process can increase the finish effect. An effective and low-cost finish processes through burnishing assistance following electrochemical finishing after screw machining offers a fast improvement for the surface roughness of the screw-surface and is a new application in the screw finishing process.
Comparison of Detection Methods of Pore Characteristic of Inkjet Paper Coating
Authors: Tai Jing Lei , Chen Guang Xue , Chen Qi Feng , Tang Bao Ling
Published: January 2012

nkjet paper coating is a porous coating getting from a mixture of pigments, adhesives and a small amount of additives by way of coating and drying. Coating structure is defined as the coating thickness, porosity, pore size and its distribution, the surface and internal distribution of coating components. In which, pore characteristic (such as porosity, pore shape, pore size and its distribution) play an important role in the decision of absorption and spreading of ink droplet on inkjet paper. The commonly used detection methods of coating microstructure include image analysis and various physical detection methods. This paper selected 4 inkjet papers, and the two image analysis methods (SEM and AFM) were used to measure the pore characteristic of the testing coating, and characteristics of the two methods were analyzed and compared. And AFM observation method is more suitable for testing pore characteristics of inkjet paper coating, as it could provide more information on the microscopic morphology and coating composition. In the study of the structure of the coating surface, SEM and AFM have their own strengths and complement each other.
Spinning Technics Research of St.Ma/Polyester Blended Hard Twist Slub Yarn
Authors: Chen Li , Yi Dong Fang , Zhai Ya Li , Gu Yu Lu
Published: January 2012

The spinning technology flow of St.Ma/polyester blended slub yarn is introduced. The spinning technique is researched according to the characteristic of the fibers. Since the less curl and instability of the St.Ma fiber, low friction coefficient between the fibers, small cohesion during spinning, especially the uneven distribution of twist from slub yarn, which more easily leads to the hairy yarn,in the spinning the technical measures are taken including, using high-qualified traveller with large channel and shorten the replacement cycle of traveller to ensure a clean cloth.