bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Welding Distortion in Laser Metal Deposition Additive Manufacturing Process
Authors: Dongauzer Konstantin , Boyarshinov Mikhail G. , Bekmansurov Marat , Shamov Dmitriy
Published: February 2022

The article presents the simulation of part distortion during laser metal deposition and a comparison of its results with the deposition performed in experiment. A numerical methodological approach to simulation is viewed which involves dividing the deposited material into primitive solids and further heating and cooling of each primitive solid along the deposition trajectory instead of simulating a moving heat source.
High-Performance Processing of Complex-Shaped Parts Using Combined Methods
Authors: Kondratyev Mikhail , Simonova Yuliya , Smolentsev Evgeny , Yatsenko Svetlana
Published: February 2022

This article describes application of the method of turning the cylindrical surface of the part using the flank surface of the cutting plate. The comparison of classical turning and the use of ‘back turning’ was carried out, the area of rational application was revealed and the combined use of the methods was proposed. A finite element model of the part, tool and equipment was created for calculating deformations in the system and internal stresses. A control program for part machining using a combination of both machining methods was designed.
Physical Modification of Products Made of Soft Magnetic Materials under Texturing Effects
Authors: Pudov Vladimir , Dragoshanskii Yuri N.
Published: February 2022

The results of improving physical properties of different types of magnetic cores made of soft magnetic crystalline and amorphous alloys based on siliceous iron are presented. Methods and modes of controlling orientational, dimensional and dynamic parameters of magnetic domains by means of a uniaxially textured complex of thermomagnetic, locally laser, and plane deformation effects have been developed. As a result, in electrical magnetic cores made of anisotropic iron-silicon steels of 3407, 3408 grades a decrease in eddy-current magnetic losses by 25–35% and an increase in magnetic permeability by 1.5–2 times have been achieved.
Research on the Mandrel Wear of a Screw Rolling Piercing Mill by the Finite Element Method
Authors: Nguyen Quang , Aleshchenko Alexander Sergeevich
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to use the QFORM software package based on the finite element method with a view to computer modeling the wear process of rolled mandrels of the screw rolling mill MISIS - 130D while rolling stainless steel X12CrNiTi18-9 billets into pipes. The wear properties of the mandrels change as the plugging process occurred under various initial conditions. The results show that the wear rate on the mandrels in the reduction zone is more intense at a higher feed angle and distance between guide shoes. Wear distribution on mandrels surfaces can be improved by adjusting the velocity along the rolling side of the mandrels and replacing them with long fast-moving long mandrels. The simulation which results in this work can be used to predict the properties of working-tool wear, depending on the technical parameters, and rolling mode, which consequently increases the quality of rolling process fabrication products and the service life of tools.
Tilt Angle Effect on Friction Stir Welding Conditions
Authors: Tsarkov Andrey , Trukhanov Konstantin , Zybin Igor , Vichniakov Alexei
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the effect of tool tilt angle on heat generation and forging force for 1050 aluminum plates, welded by friction stir butt welding, were investigated. Usage of the welding tool with and without pin made it possible to elucidate the particularly reactions of the pin and shoulder on tilt angle variation. For this purpose, tool tilt angle was varied from 0⁰ to 3⁰ under other constant parameters, such as tool geometry and of tool traverse-rotation speed ratio. For the estimation shoulder work pieces interaction the Reynolds lubricant film theory equations were used. The results indicate that the tilt angle is an effective factor on material forging and heat generation behind the pin in the Advancing Side (AS). Recorded peak temperatures were varied from 312 °C to 442 °C in the weld centre.
The Use of Laser Surface Modification Technologies for Obtaining Parts of Roller-Screw Mechanism
Authors: Zhdanov Aleksey V. , Morozov Valentin
Published: February 2022

A number of parts of roller-screw mechanisms (RSM), which work in aggressive environments, are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel 40Cr13 (AISI420 analogue). These elements include a screw and rollers. For these parts, it is necessary to have hard surface layers and a soft core. A promising method for obtaining the necessary requirements is surface laser modification. The article investigated the effect of laser surface treatment on the value of the coefficient of elasticity, hardness, coefficient of friction and the amount of wear of products made of stainless alloy steel 40Cr13. For laser processing, the SVAROG-1-5DR laser complex (Russia) was used. Various modes of surface laser modification were set. For this purpose, the power of the laser power, the speed of movement of the laser beam relative to the treated surface, and the focal length were varied. The Vickers hardness and tribological characteristics were measured using a microcombitester and tribometer manufactured by SSM Instruments SA (Switzerland). The Rockwell hardness was measured using a TN 301 hardness tester manufactured by Time Group (China). The structure of the alloy was studied by metallography and X-ray diffractometry. It was found that the indicators of hardness and wear resistance of the surface layers of sctructural 40Cr13 steel strongly depend on the laser treatment modes. These dependencies are extreme, with highs and lows. The paper presents the quantitative values of the hardness and wear resistance indicators before and after laser treatment of the surface of this steel in various modes. The reasons for the change in the hardness and wear of the surface layers of 40Cr13 steel after laser treatment under different modes are established. The results of the work were used to optimize the modes of laser treatment of the surface of 40Cr13 steel in order to obtain the maximum values of hardness and wear resistance.
Deformation Cycle Resistance of Titanium Nickelide - Polymer Composite Material
Authors: Kollerov Mikhail Yu. , Lukina Elena A. , Vinogradov Roman E.
Published: February 2022

The static and cyclic mechanical behavior of samples of composite material with a matrix made of silicone rubber or low-pressure polyethylene reinforced with fibers of titanium nickelide with a martensitic structure has been investigated. It is shown that such composite materials have high deformation cycle resistance.
Computational and Experimental Evaluation of the Tensile Strength of a Reinforced Polymer Coating with a Substrate
Authors: Koryagin Sergei , Velikanov Nikolay , Sharkov Oleg
Published: February 2022

Reinforced plastics are widely used in various fields of technology for a wide variety of structures. They provide high strength at low density, resistance to aggressive media, low material intensity of production, high manufacturability, the ability to regulate heat and electrical conductivity over a wide range, the ability to repair without the use of special equipment, they perform in a broad range of temperatures and stresses. Reinforced polymer composites with the use of fiberglass-based textile materials as reinforcement are the most used due to their availability, low cost and high strength properties. This scientific paper presents the results of specimen tests with a substrate of various types of steel, adhesive compositions as bonding material, and fiberglass as reinforcing material. The influence of the properties of the substrate and coating materials, and the ratio of their thicknesses on the theoretical strength of the composite element was investigated. The results obtained will make it possible to clarify the design schemes and dependencies in the design and repair of structural elements with reinforced polymer coatings.
Superminiature Eddy Current Probe for Measuring the Electrical Conductivity of Copper Thin Films
Authors: Ishkov Alexey V. , Kunitsyn Roman A. , Malikov Vladimir N.
Published: February 2022

The article considers the possibility of applying the eddy current method of non-destructive testing for measuring the electrical conductivity of new material - thin metal films. Copper films of various thickness obtained by physical vapour deposition were used as the measurement object. The deposition method and the hardware and software complex for measuring the electrical conductivity of the film were briefly described. A calibration curve that makes it possible to restore the values of the electrical conductivity of the material by the signal value of the eddy current probe was presented. The test results of films with different characteristics were given, and the distribution of the electrical conductivity of the films depending on the batch was shown. Based on different values of the electrical conductivity in a batch, the difference in deposition quality of various films was found.
Creation of Grooving and Parting Tools with Cooling Channels Manufactured Using Additive Technologies
Authors: Kugaevskii Sergey S. , Pizhenkov Eugenius N. , Podgorbunskikh Vladimir M.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we propose designs of grooving and cutting cutters that have internal channels for supplying coolant under high pressure. Due to the fact that drilling of narrow channels in the cutter body is very problematic, the front part of the cutter, which holds the cutting interchangeable carbide plate, is manufactured by an additive method. The back of the cutter (holder) can be manufactured using traditional methods. The design assumes the use of conventional cutting interchangeable carbide plates (ICP), offered by many manufacturers.
Formation of High-Entropy Multilayer Compositions with a Hierarchical Structure
Authors: Rusinov Peter Olegovich , Blednova Zhesfina , Kurapov George V.
Published: February 2022

The authors carried out complex studies of a composite multilayer high-entropy coating obtained by HVOF in a protective atmosphere. They also investigated metallophysical properties of the coating (using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis) in order to obtain new information on its composition, mechanical properties, and phase composition. Functional properties of the high-entropy layer were also determined. The effect of mechanical activation of powders on the structural-phase state and quality of the layered coating has also been studied. On the basis of complex metallophysical studies, they investigated the formation of a structure in a composite multilayer high-entropy coating after HVOF in a protective atmosphere and subsequent thermomechanical treatment. Calorimetric tests of the functional high-entropy layer were carried out to reveal the exo effect corresponding to the manifestation of phase transformation. The mechanical properties of steel with a multilayer composite coating have been determined.
Investigation of the Parameters of the Surface Layer of Steel 12X18H10T after Plastic Deformation
Authors: Vlasov Stanislav , Vlasova Valentina , Chihranov Alexey , Klimov Arthur
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the results of metallographic and electrophysical studies of the structure of 12X18H10T steel after plastic deformation. Studies allow us to determine the optimal modes of plastic deformation of corrosion-resistant steels.
Dispersion of the Steel Structure and its Effect on Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Steel
Authors: Sokolov Roman A. , Novikov Vitaly F. , Muratov Kamil R.
Published: February 2022

The mechanical properties of steel often determine to a greater extent its performance characteristics, including service life of the equipment. Often, for operational control of mechanical properties, magnetic parameters are used such as, for example, the coercive force. Both mechanical and magnetic properties of steel are associated precisely with the structure of the material. The influence of the structure on these properties became known a long time ago, however, in similar works, the influences exerted by the structure with different degrees of dispersion are not considered. In this work, the goal was set to consider the effect of grain size difference on the magnetic and mechanical characteristics of steel.
Testing of PTFE-Based Antifouling Coatings in Fresh Water
Authors: Kostin Vasily E. , Kochetkov Vladimir G. , Mankovsky Sergey A. , Orlov Sergey V. , Sokolova Natalia A
Published: February 2022

Equipment, pipelines, hydraulic structures located in the water are covered with a layer of fouling organisms, which is accompanied by a deterioration in operating parameters and increased corrosion of structural materials. Most anti-fouling coatings contain some type of toxins, the gradual release of which from the coating into the water should lead to the death of the fouling organisms. A promising antifouling coating intended for use in an aquatic environment is a combined metal-polymer coating, the composition and application technology of which were developed by the company LLC TSZP. On the studied coating, neither in the zone of variable wettability, nor in the zone of complete immersion, firmly fixed zebra mussels were not found, and single specimens on individual samples had very weak fixation.
On the “Super” Storage of Hydrogen in Activated Graphite Nanofibers
Authors: Nechaev Yuriy S. , Denisov Evgeny A. , Cheretaeva Alisa O. , Öchsner Andreas
Published: February 2022

In the present study, the extraordinary, i.e., not yet reproduced by anybody, data of Rodrigez, Baker, Gupta et al. on the “super” storage of hydrogen in activated graphite nanofibers (GNFs) were analyzed and interpreted in approximation of the first-order sorption processes. Our developed methodology was used for processing, analysis and interpretation of thermal desorption and thermogravimetric spectra of hydrogen in the GNF samples. The analysis has shown that there is a real possibility of reproducing of the modified extraordinary results, but only in the case of revealing the know-how technology of the activation treatment of the GNF samples.
Extraction of Maximum Power of Organic Photovoltaic Generator Using MPPT Technique
Authors: Touhami Ghaitaoui , Sliman Laribi , Zohra Arama Fatima , Abdelkader Harrouz , Khalil Drici
Published: February 2022

The amount of energy generated by an Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) system depends mainly on the following.Such as solar temperatures and irradiations. Depending on the high cost and low efficiency of an organic photovoltaic system, it can be operated at the maximum power point (MPPT) that changes with solar radiation, temperature or load variations. This work presents an improved algorithm for tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) of a OPV system under real climatic conditions. The proposed MPPT is based on the perturbation and observation (P&O) strategy and the variable pitch method which controls the load voltage to ensure optimum operating points of a OPV system.
Study on the Ultrasonic Vibration Impact on the Performance of Taps when Thread Cutting in Workpieces Made of Difficult-to-Machine Materials
Authors: Golovkin Valery V. , Batishcheva Oksana M. , Papshev Valery A.
Published: February 2022

Materials with high mechanical properties are increasingly used in modern mechanical engineering in order to enhance the performance and service life of critical parts. Since these are difficult-to-machine materials, serious problems can arise due to low tool life or even with its breakage during mechanical processing. The greatest difficulties are connected with the processing of small-diameter holes, since, for example, breakage of drills or taps occurs when drilling and tapping. It should also be noted that when threading in workpieces made of difficult-to-machine materials, the cutting teeth of the taps are chipped. One of the possible solutions to this problem is the use of physicochemical processing methods, in particular, the transmission of forced ultrasonic oscillations to the tap.
Contact Stresses during Roller Rolling of Heat-Exchange Tubes
Authors: Kondratenko Leonid , Mironova Lubov
Published: February 2022

A technique for studying contact stresses in the connection of heat-exchange tubes with tube sheets using roller rolling is described. Formulas for the determination of contact stresses, taking into account the formation of local deformation of the tube due to force action of each roller and features of axial movement of the tool spindle are given. Calculation was based on the assumption of medium continuity, known relations between normal stresses and deformations, as well as experimental oscillograms of the process.
Determination of Optimal Parameters for Silicon Dioxide Production
Authors: Turyanskiy Vlad , Baranov G.A. , Chayka Tatyana , Gavrish V.M.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of silicon dioxide leaching from quarry waste dumps with silicon content of 50% and more. NaOH solution was used as a leaching agent and H2SO4 solution as a precipitant. The influence of basic parameters on the leaching process (concentration of leaching agent, operating temperature, ratio of liquid phase to solid phase, stirring speed) and on the precipitation process (concentration of the precipitant and temperature) was investigated. As a result of using the optimal parameters a high efficiency of silica powder production of 98.7 % was achieved. The powder is presented mainly in the form of particle agglomerates. The average particle size is 300-700 nm, the size of agglomerates is more than 700 nm. The structure is predominantly porous.
A Study of the Effect of Impact Speed on the Dynamics of Mechanical Interactions of Bodies
Authors: Lapshin Vladimir
Published: February 2022

The mechanorheological viscoelastic plastic model was used to study the effect of impact speed on the dynamics of mechanical interaction of a spherical body with the surface. An analysis of the impact process made it possible to draw some conclusions. The impact interaction time depends on the impact speed and mechanical properties of the material. The impact time decreases with an increase in the impact speed, a decrease in plasticity, and an increase in elasticity. With an increase in the impact speed, the impact time decreases. During the experiment, the initial impact speed increased 10 times. During the impact interaction, the body deformation increased 6-7 times. According to the calculations, the average body deformation speed also increased 10 times. As a result, the time for travelling a distance equal to the elastic and plastic deformation when loading bodies and the elastic deformation when unloading bodies decreased. The total deformation is composed of elastic and plastic components. With an increase in the impact speed, the plastic component increases, which decreases the unloading time due to a decrease in the elastic component. The impact time is an important characteristic of the dynamic process of interaction. Therefore, when identifying theoretical models to the real processes, these parameters should be congruent. To improve the modeling accuracy and reliability for various technological processes under dynamic loads, it is necessary to take into account various factors.
Corrosion Processes of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Structures Based on Secondary Resources of Metallurgical Production
Authors: Romanenko Igor , Romanenko Maria , Petrovnina Irina , Elichev Konstantin
Published: February 2022

The study of the influence of the physical and mechanical properties of concrete on various hydraulic binders on the corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement has been carried out. As a binder, the following were considered: CEM I 42.5 N and a slag-alkaline binder (SAB) based on ground granulated blast-furnace slag of Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant (NMP). For comparative tests, concretes of class B 25 (M300) were used on granite aggregate with a fraction of 2,5-7,5 mm. Indicators of physical and mechanical properties such as: compressive strength, porosity, water absorption coefficient and weight loss coefficient of reinforcement at the age of 28, 90 and 180 days are criterial. 5 % aqueous solutions of NaCl, Na2S04 were used as working media in assessing the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel; MgS04. It has been established that steel reinforcement in slag-base concrete (SBC) has high corrosion resistance, both in an aqueous solution of NaCl and in solutions of Na2S04 and MgSO4. Slag-alkali concretes are characterized by low porosity, lower water absorption coefficient in comparison with concretes based on Portland cement.
Polylactide Fiber Materials and their Application in Agriculture
Authors: Tertyshnaya Yulia , Jobelius Hannah , Olkhov Anatoliy , Shibryaeva Lyudmila , Ivanitskikh Alina
Published: February 2022

Nonwoven fibers from biodegradable polymers such as polylactide and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate were obtained by electrospinning. The fiber morphology was studied by optical microscopy. The fiber materials were used like the substrates for the plant growing. The sowing qualities of the "Athena"winter wheat (triticumaestivum L.) and biometric indicators of the plants were determined. The biometric indicators of wheat plants grown on polymer substrates are higher compared with the GOST technique. Eco-friendly fiber materials are promising for the agricultural application. Polylactide and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate undergo a hydrolysis process. They are destroyed to form nutrients for the growth and development of wheat plants.
Determination of the Tensile Strain by Indenting the Sphere
Authors: Ogar Petr M. , Shilin Valery A. , Ugryumova Elena V.
Published: February 2022

The value of the parameter m (previously the Mayer index) has been interpreted in a new way. For this purpose, in determining m, a new parameter was introduced consisting of a factor obtained from the Hollomon equation and a factor used in transforming the Mayer equation. Taking into account the new parameter, the dependences are determined that allow determining the tensile deformation. The essential significance of the new parameter is shown at its values of 0.95 ... 1.05. It is noted that the calculations of representative deformations and stresses according to Tabor are a small special case of the proposed method. On examples with a clear physical meaning, the possibility of using the proposed approach to determine representative deformations and stresses for the range of values of the hardening exponent has been confirmed. The graphical dependences of the results obtained are presented.
Improving the Efficiency of Machine Grinding of Double Curvature Surfaces with a Profiled Flap Wheel
Authors: Le Tri Vinh , Koltsov Vladimir P. , Rakitskaya Valentina B. , Tardybaeva Evgenia V.
Published: February 2022

To obtain the desired shape of long panels and sheaths in the aircraft industry, the technology of shot peen forming with subsequent grinding with flap wheels is successfully used. To implement this technology, a special UDF-4 (shot peen forming equipment of the 4th version of modernization) device was designed and manufactured. The last version of this device is equipped with a CNC system and a revolver head with the 4-flap wheels for optimizing the grinding operation. The ability to select the desired flap wheel during the grinding process, depending on the curvature and width of panels or sheaths, has significantly expanded the technological capabilities of this equipment. During grinding with flap wheels of a rectilinear profile, to ensure uniform removal along the cross-section of the part’s curvilinear contour, it is necessary to carry out processing with overlapping previous passages. The need for overlapping passages significantly increases the processing time. At the same time, the calculation of the overlapping width during the changing curvature of the part’s profile is quite a difficult task. This paper presents analytical studies of the use of profiled flap wheels for grinding the part’s surface with a variable radius of transverse curvature, and also proposed the mathematical models for selecting the necessary profiled flap wheels depending on the curvature of the part’s processing surface.
Algorithm of Determination of Optimal Conditions for Low-Rigidity Prismatic Workpieces Flat Grinding
Authors: Tyshkevich Vladimir N. , Sarazov Alexander V. , Orlov Sergey V.
Published: February 2022

The flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces side surfaces is investigated. Algorithm of determination of optimal conditions for low-rigidity prismatic workpieces flat grinding has been developed. The optimization of parameters in the range of allowable values is carried out with the view of ensuring the maximum process efficiency. Mathematical models for determination of maximum elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces when fixing and machining are presented.
Developing Spiral-Conical Gears for Microsystems by Wire-Assisted Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Chaubey Sujeet Kumar , Gupta Kapil , Jain Neelesh Kumar
Published: February 2022

The requirements of gears are increasing rapidly in the global market for applications from micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) to aerospace. Gears of various profiles and types including spiral-conical are used for motion as well as torque transfer in microsystems. The development of such gears is a challenging task because no compromise in their quality is acceptable. It necessitates highly accurate gear manufacturing process. This article presents such a process i.e. wire-assisted electrical discharge machining (WEDM) and development of stainless-steel made spiral-conical gears of miniature size. All minute aspects of spiral-conical gear development by WEDM are reported in this paper. In order to investigate the impact of process parameters and gear quality, an experimental study has been conducted based on Taguchi’s robust design of experiment technique. The developed gears are found with good manufacturing quality characteristics.
The Structure and Magnetic Properties of (Sm,Er)-Fe-N Powders Prepared by Ball Milling
Authors: Tereshina Irina , Veselova Svetlana , Igor V. Shchetinin , Karpenkov Alexey , Verbetsky Victor
Published: February 2022

Nitrides of ‘2:17’ - type based on rare earth metals and iron are of interest as promising magnetic materials for the development of high-energy permanent magnets. The magnetic properties and phase composition of the starting compound Sm1.8Er0.2Fe17, nitride Sm1.8Er0.2Fe17N2.1 and its crushed powders have been investigated. The magnetic measurements of the samples were studied in magnetic fields up to 70 kOe at room temperature. It was found that the introduction of nitrogen atoms into the crystal lattice of the substituted composition (Sm,Er)2Fe17 in combination with the effect of high-energy milling of nitride leads to an increase in the saturation magnetization (σS) and coercive force (HC).
The Method of Calculating the Optimal Shape of the Electrode-Tool for Electrochemical Treatment of Gas Turbine Engine Blades
Authors: Khakimullina Larisa Sh.
Published: February 2022

The article outlines the method of digital simulation of electrochemical processing, which allows calculating the shape of the electrode-tool in conjunction with the mode, taking into account the real conditions of processing. The technique allows you to ensure the maximum possible performance with specified processing accuracy and limitations that exclude critical phenomena in the channel between electrodes during intensification of modes. Mathematically, the task is presented in the form of minimax problem with application of penalty functions.
Microstructure and Properties of 20Cr23Ni18 (AISI 304L) Thin Steel Tapes Obtained by Melt Spinning
Authors: Bobkova T.I. , Kuznetsov Pavel A. , Khromenkov M.V. , Staritsyn Mikhail V. , Balashov M.V.
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the results of a study of morphology, chemical composition, microcrystalline structure and properties of thin tapes of alloy grade 20KH23N18S2, obtained by melt spinning. The influence of process parameters on the properties and microstructure of the tapes is established.
Thermophysical Characteristics of a Cold Compressed Granular Medium: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Hadjadj Kacim , Hachani Lakhdar , Filali Mohamed
Published: February 2022

To our knowledge, very few models have described the thermal behavior of granular media or powders as a function of the mechanical stresses to which they are subjected. In recent years, many researchers have expressed great interest in establishing laws that can show the relationship between the apparent thermal conductivity and the mechanical behavior of granular media. This paper presents an experimental study of heat transfer enhancement using granular blocks. A number of experiments were carried out in the test section of a wind tunnel where velocity and temperature measurements were performed. The velocity profiles permitted us to have an idea on the flow structure in the presence of granular blocks. The temperature measurements under various operating conditions (various Reynolds numbers and granular blocks structures) led us to the conclusion that using granular blocks can improve the thermal transfer in comparison with the case of a smooth channel and this enhancement is strongly dependent on the geometrical and thermo-physical properties of these blocks.
Investigation of the Effect of Vibration on the Bearing Capacity of Composite Materials
Authors: Koryagin Sergei , Sharkov Oleg , Velikanov Nikolay
Published: February 2022

Polymer coatings are increasingly used in mechanical engineering. In particular, sheet composite elements are created on their basis. But the question of the influence of vibration loads on the bearing capacity of composite structures remains relevant. This work presents the results of an experimental study of the operation of composite structures when exposed to vibration loads. The choice of the parameters of the test bench is due to the frequencies of natural vibrations of the specimens under study. The frequencies were determined using generally accepted approximations. A test bench was developed for carrying out measurements. A vibration-absorbing foundation was used, a support frame with the element was attached on elastic suspensions to the outer frame. A scheme for cutting sheet elements for tensile testing was developed. Nine sheet elements made of reinforced polymer material were tested. The influence of the number of loading cycles on the material ultimate strength is investigated. It was established that the presence of a reinforced polymer coating leads to a decrease in the vibration amplitude when approaching the resonance frequencies. This is due to the internal deformation of the polymer coating. After removing the vibration load, no cracks were found on the specimens.
Effect of a Sintering Additive’s Concentration Forming a Solid Solution with Aluminum Spinel, on Phase Formation
Authors: Ulianova Alena Vladimirovna , Senina Marina O.
Published: February 2022

The paper describes the process of obtaining a high-density ceramic material based on magnesium aluminate spinel - material, which feature-wise will be lighter by mass of the used bullet-proof glass, and less resource-proof compared to modern ceramic armored. The sintering was carried out in a vacuum using a modifying gallium oxide additive to intensify the process. The effect of the additive concentration on the phase formation in the magnesium aluminate spinel-oxide gallium system, as well as the density and ceramics light transmission, is considered.
Efficiency of Application of Epilams when Protecting the Surface of Fast Cutting Tools
Authors: Frolenkova Larisa Yu. , Tarapanov Alexander S. , Selemenev Michael F. , Novikov Alexander D. , Selemeneva Elena M.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the issues of increasing the efficiency of using nanocoatings of the working surfaces of a tool operating at relatively low cutting speeds. A theoretical and experimental approach is proposed, which is based on a model of the interaction of the internal three-dimensional state of the epilame layer, a two-dimensional material film and the material line closing it. An analysis of the state and shape of a liquid layer on a flat surface is given under the assumption that Young's equation is valid, which connects the contact angle with the values of surface stresses. Dependencies and a technique are given that allow you to control the behavior of an epilame drop on the surface of the cutting element. It was found that when thin-film coatings are applied from epilame solutions, a film is created on the surface of the instrument, which significantly changes the energy properties of the surface. It is shown that during the study of oil absorption of epilamated and unepilamated surfaces, as well as the study of the behavior of oil, the greatest retention of oil is observed during intermittent epilamated, presented in the form of large drops, the area of which depends on the area of unepilamated areas. It is recommended to carry out the following experimental research technique, which is associated with obtaining the initial parameters for determining the geometric parameters of a drop of the material under study on a flat surface. The radius of the projection of the drop onto the substrate, the profile of the drop when scanning the side view and then taking into account that the drop is a figure of rotation are determined, taking into account the previous data, its volume, the value of the wetting angle and the height of the drop are determined.
Cold Rolling Electrostimulation of Hard-Deform Alloys
Authors: Stolyarov Vladimir , Rubanik Vasiliy
Published: February 2022

On the example of shape memory alloys in coarse-grained and ultrafine-grained states there is demonstrated an influence of pulse current on deformation behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties during cold rolling. The combination of cold rolling with the introduction of a pulsed current stimulates an increase in the deformation ability and strong structural refinement into the region of nanograins in a hard-deformed shape memory TiNi alloy. For both coarse-grained and ultrafine-grained structural states, the maximum achievable one-time and the total degree of deformation are higher in the case of using a pulsed current. Subsequent annealing improves the strength and functional properties. It has been shown that effect of pulsed current on deformability during cold rolling is higher in an alloy with a high content of impurities.
Friction-Electric Modification of the Surfaces of Machine Parts with Tungsten Carbides
Authors: Edigarov Vyacheslav R. , Akhtulov Alexey L. , Dadayan Sergei E. , Maly Vyacheslav V.
Published: February 2022

The technology of friction-electric modification of the surfaces of machine parts with W2C and WC tungsten carbides is considered. A method of modifying the surface layer by implantation of materials based on tungsten carbides is investigated in order to increase the wear resistance of parts forming tribo-conjugations in heavily loaded units of multi-purpose tracked and wheeled vehicles.
Investigation of the Effect of Pretreatment of the Carbon Fiber Surface on the Continuity of the Sol-Gel Coating
Authors: Galyshev S.N. , Zaripov Nail , Averichev Oleg , Shakhlevich Olga
Published: February 2022

The paper considers the dependence of the continuity of the sol-gel coating of carbon fiber on the preliminary anodic oxidation of the surface in a sodium hydroxide solution. The effect of the treatment time, the voltage between the cathode and the anode, NaOH concentration in the electrolyte, and the temperature of the electrolyte was investigated. It is shown that with an increase in NaOH concentration in the electrolyte, the area of uncoated fiber surface sections increases, the continuity of the coating decreases, while the coating obtained without preliminary surface treatment has sufficient continuity of at least 93%. Changes in other parameters (temperature, time, voltage) of preliminary electrochemical surface treatment in the ranges under study did not allow us to fix regularities other than the given one.
Quality Control of Gas-Thermal Coatings of Variable Composition
Authors: Kadyrmetov Anvar M. , Simonova Yuliya , Snyatkov Yevgeny V. , Mandrykin Igor
Published: February 2022

The article proposes an approach to control the uniformity of wear of friction surfaces under conditions of non-uniform wear on the surface. The core of the approach is the regulation of the composition of the sprayed coating material with the addition of a strengthening additive, depending on the intensity of the wear effects. To improve the quality of the coating, a combined process of spraying the coating with its subsequent plasma reflow, as well as processing to remove residual stresses in the coating and final plasma strengthening is proposed.
Justification of the Titanium-Based Alloy Chemical Composition to Provide High Hardness
Authors: Skvortsova Svetlana V. , Zaynetdinova G.T. , Gurtovaya G.V. , Anatskaya A.Ya.
Published: February 2022

The article presents comparative data on the properties of different materials used for the manufacture of bearings. The influence of the chemical composition and structure of titanium-based alloys on the change in hardness during various types of processing is studied. It is shown that the most promising for the manufacture of bearings are high-alloyed titanium alloys of the VT22 type, in which the hardening heat treatment allows to obtain a high hardness.
Research of the Influence of Cutting Conditions on the Temperature Field during Turning
Authors: Unyanin Alexander N. , Finageev Pavel R.
Published: February 2022

Numerical simulation of the temperature field and parameters of the turning process of workpieces made of 45 and 12Kh18N10T steels is performed. The front angle of the cutter, as well as the coefficients of chip friction on the front surface of the tool μ1, the flank surface on the workpiece μ2, and the coefficient of friction on the yield stress μ were selected as variable parameters. The degree of influence of the variable parameters on the tangential component of the cutting force, the friction force on the front and flank surfaces of the cutting tool, the power of heat sources, contact temperatures and the average temperature of the workpiece is estimated.
Modeling of a Photovoltaic Array with Maximum Power Point Tracking Using Neural Networks
Authors: Bouzidi Mohammed , Abdelkader Harrouz , Mansouri Smail , Dumbrava Virgil
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we present a modeling of the photovoltaic array in order to tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) using a soft computing approach based on artificial neural network, The maximum power point tracking MPPT play a crucial role in photovoltaic systems for their ability to maximize the power output under varying conditions; The photovoltaic array modeled and implemented in matlab simulink environnement using the conventional perturb and observe algorithm for multiple ranges under varying temperatures and irradiances levels, a feed forward neural network collect the training data from the photovoltaic array simulink model, after the training process check, the neural network model tested with new temperatures and irradiance data to predict the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array, The developed neural network model shown an interesting results compared to simulink model based on classic perturb and observe algorithm.
Study of the Effect of Copper (II), Zinc and Iron (II) Sulphates on the Froth Flotation of Sphalerite by Sulfhydryl Collectors
Authors: Kyaw Zay Ya , Nikolaev Alexander A. , Htet Zaw Oo , Phyo Kyaw Kyaw
Published: February 2022

The practice of benefication of copper-zinc ores has established that the production of high-quality zinc concentrates is impossible without the addition of sphalerite and pyrite modifiers to various flotation operations. This article present the result of study of the effect of copper (II), zinc and iron (II) sulfate on the froth flotation of sphalerite by sulfhdryl collectors. Typically, it is achieved through optimisation of flotation circuits, installation of modern equipment and changing the flotation reagents modes. Therefore, the floatability of sphalerite in an alkaline lime medium was studied with the addition of one of these metal sulphates to the mineral flotation operation. The effect of each of copper (II), zinc and iron (II) sulphates on the floatability of sphalerite was studied by flotation of the mineral and by potassium butyl xanthate and sodium dibutyl dithiophosphate at pH = 8, 10 and 12.
Calculation of the Grinding Performance of Diamond-Bearing Ceramic Tools
Authors: Novikova Olga O. , Novikov Vladislav V. , Bolotov Alexander N.
Published: February 2022

The paper presents a developed a technology for producing a new abrasive material, which is a refractory ceramic matrix made of aluminum oxide with embedded diamond particles. The tests have shown its advantage over traditional diamond-bearing materials when processing high-hardness ceramics. To synthesize a new material with a predetermined set of operational parameters, it is necessary to build a wear model of a friction pair composed of diamond-bearing ceramic material and ceramics. After analyzing the results of other authors’ studies and assessing the morphology of the contacting surfaces, it is assumed that the contact of microroughnesses on the friction surfaces of abrasive diamond-bearing ceramic tools is linearly elastic. The model is built within the framework of the basic wear equation. The composite material surface was modeled by a set of same radius spherical segments; diamond grains were distributed in the material with a given bulk density. The paper uses the concept of an equivalent surface with the power law distributed of microroughnesses tops. A theoretical relationship is obtained between the micro-and macrocharacteristics of the wear process of a composite ceramic friction pair. The authors established theoretically and confirmed experimentally that the grinding productivity increases with an increase in sliding speed, applied load and diamond grain size. The diamond concentration has no significant effect on the workpiece wear. The established dependencies can help to achieve high productivity of diamond ceramic tools.
Microstructure and Phase Composition of the Cr-Mn-Fe-Co-Ni High-Entropy Alloy Obtained by Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Osintsev Kirill , Konovalov Sergey , Gromov Victor , Zaguyliaev Dmitry
Published: February 2022

The work intends to study the microstructure, chemical and phase composition and homogeneity of chemical elements distribution in the Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Ni high-entropy alloy produced via wire-arc additive manufacturing technology. The study has revealed three structure types in the alloy: (1) a smooth shagreen-type structure (an orange peel), which turns into a stripe-like structure (2) in some areas, and a grain structure (3) to appear as lengthy thin layers with the width of 50-80 μm and an average grain size of 12.5 μm, the most probable size of grains is detected to be in the range from 10 to 15 μm, a preferred number of such grains is 31%. The chemical composition of the produced alloy is assessed using X-ray microspectroscopy. The elements identified rank in descending order of concentration: Fe (38.88 wt. %), Co (26.08 wt. %), Ni (17.34 wt. %), Cr (14.33 wt. %), Mn (3.37 wt. %). The mapping of the alloy structure demonstrates the homogeneous and uniform distribution of chemical elements.
Features of the Microstructural Composition of Low-Alloyed Aluminum Alloys of the 6XXX Series with Small Additions of Zr and Sc
Authors: Aryshenskii Evgeniy V. , Konovalov Sergey , Bazhenov Viacheslav , Hirsch Jurgen
Published: February 2022

The study investigates the effect of Zr and Sc on the dendritic structure and phase composition during casting of a silicon rich Al0.3Mg1.0Si alloy. Optical microscopy, computations using Thermo-Calc software and electron microscopy were applied. It showed that scandium and zirconium additions facilitate dendritic structure refinement, however, the maximum effect is achieved by their combined addition. Computations demonstrated the occurance of three main phases in case of Sc (without zirconium) addition to Al0.3Mg1.0Si alloy: i) the strengthening Mg2Si phase, ii) the harmful ScSi phase and iii) free silicon. In case of only Zr addition, the same phases are observed, except for ScSi replaced with Zr2Si, which has not been studied in Al-Mg-Si alloys. Computations predict the occurance of all three phases in the case of the combined Sc and Zr addition, besides, strengthening Al3(ScZr) can be expected. Electron microscopy shows, that all alloys contain Mg2Si phases as well as Al12Fe3Si and Al9Fe2Si2 type phases, formed due to the iron impurity. The main Zr and Sc fractions occur in solid solution, thus, a quenching rate of 1 oС/s is sufficient to achieve a self-hardening effect.
Dispersion of Flatness of the Machined Surface and Optimization of Cutting Conditions when Performing a Real Experiment of Face Milling of High-Hardness Steel
Authors: Sedinin Igor , Makarov Vladimir , Pesin Michael V. , Nikitin Sergey
Published: February 2022

To study the face milling of hardened steel, the paper considers the chemical composition of the processed material, as well as metal-cutting, measuring equipment and tools. A full factorial experiment of face milling was carried out by the method of mathematical planning and matrices of levels of variation and planning of independent variables were compiled. The flatness of the samples was measured and the causes of plastic deformation were determined. To find an adequate mathematical model of flatness, a regression analysis was performed, and the correlation analysis revealed the closeness of the relationship between the variables under one-and two-factor influence on the response function. The hypersurfaces and lines of the function levels are projected, which made it possible to determine the optimal and effective cutting conditions graphically and analytically.
Evaluation of Magnetostriction and Differential Magnetic Permeability of Low-Alloy Structural Steel Specimens under Cyclic and Static Deformations
Authors: Povolotskaya Anna , Zadvorkin Sergey M. , Putilova Evgeniia A. , Mushnikov Aleksandr
Published: February 2022

The paper shows results of studying the effect of zero-to-tension cycling, with an amplitude approximately corresponding to the conventional yield strength, and subsequent static elastic tension along the same direction on the behavior of magnetostriction and differential magnetic permeability of low-alloy structural 08G2B steel. The behavior of the studied magnetic characteristics under static tension confirms the inference that the level of residual compressive stresses induced by cyclic preloading increases along the axis of cyclic tension.
Monitoring of Properties Subjected to Innovative Technological Treatments of Subsurface Layers of Materials by AMD-Methods
Authors: Derkachev Igor , Kustov Alexander , Kulakov Mikhail , Baklanov Oleg
Published: February 2022

In this paper, it is proposed to use modern research AMD-methods to monitor the properties of the subsurface layers of materials subjected to innovative technological treatments. They are based on the analysis of the parameters of acoustic waves reflected from the subsurface layers of the studied materials. The technological processing leads to a change in the acoustic characteristics, the value of which is calculated by the values of the parameters of the material of the samples. The effectiveness of the application of methods of acoustic-microscopic flaw detection for the analysis of the state of materials after thermal, chemical, deformation, and diffusion effects is demonstrated.