bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification – Affordances and Limits
Authors: Carson John
Published: August 2020

We live in a world awash in numbers. Tables, graphs, charts, Fitbit readouts, spreadsheets that overflow our screens no matter how large, economic forecasts, climate modeling, weather predictions, journal impact factors, H-indices, and the list could go on and on, still barely scratching the surface. We are measured, surveyed, and subject to constant surveillance, largely through the quantification of a dizzying array of features of ourselves and the world around us. This article draws on work in the history of the quantification and measurement of intelligence and other examples from the history of quantification to suggest that quantification and measurement should be seen not just as technical pursuits, but also as normative ones. Every act of seeing, whether through sight or numbers, is also an act of occlusion, of not-seeing. And every move to make decisions more orderly and rational by translating a question into numerical comparisons is also a move to render irrelevant and often invisible the factors that were not included. The reductions and simplifications quantifications rely on can without question bring great and important clarity, but always at a cost. Among the moral questions for the practitioner is not just whether that cost is justified, but, even more critically, who is being asked to pay it?
Isolation and Molecular Cloning of Cellulase Gene from Bovine Rumen Bacteria
Authors: Pratama Rahadian , Artika I Made , Chaidamsari Tetty , Sugiarti Herti , Putra Soekarno Mismana
Published: August 2020

Cellulases are the enzymes that hydrolyze cellulosic biomass and are produced by the microorganisms that grow over cellulosic matters. The objective of this research was to isolate and clone cellulase gene from cellulose-degrading bacteria of bovine rumen. Cellulose-degrading bacteria was isolated from rumen fluid using a selective medium. Total RNA was isolated from selected colony having cellulose degrading activity and was used as a template for cDNA construction using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The resulted cDNA was employed as a template for PCR amplification of cellulase gene using specific primers. The cellulase gene candidate obtained was cloned into the pGEM-T-Easy vector followed by determination of its nucleotide sequence. The sequence was then aligned with sequences of cellulase genes from GenBank. Results showed that a number of isolates of rumen bacteria exhibit cellulase activity and the CR-8 isolate was selected for further analysis. The successful isolation of total RNA from CR-8 was indicated by the presence of two intense bands of ribosomal RNA (23S and 16S). The reverse transcription process was successful and the amplification of cellulase gene using the specific primers F1 and R1 resulted in a DNA fragment of 1900 bp as a candidate of cellulase gene. The fragment was successfully cloned into the pGEM-T-Easy vector, and the resulted recombinant plasmid was successfully introduced into the E. coli cells. Nucleotide sequence analysis suggested that the cloned gene is cellulase gene and shares 99% homology with the endo-1,6-beta-glucanase of T. harzianum.
Calidad y almacenamiento de frutos de papaya procedentes de plantas inoculadas con Glomus mosseae
Authors: Vazquez Hernandez Marcos Ventura , Arevalo Galarza Ma. de Lourdes Catalina , Jaen Contreras David , Escamilla García Jose , Luna Esquivel Gregorio
Published: August 2020

El uso de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) ha probado ser eficiente al incrementar el rendimiento de las plantas. Son pocos los estudios que muestran su efecto en la calidad del fruto, pero ninguno señala su interacción con tratamientos postcosecha durante su vida de anaquel. Por lo que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la calidad de los frutos de papaya ‘Maradol roja’ procedentes de plantas inoculadas con Glomus mosseae (730 esporas 100 g-1 inoculante) y su respuesta al almacenamiento por 10 y 20 días a 10 ºC, tratados con un inhibidor de la maduración (1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP). Los resultados mostraron que la inoculación de plantas de papaya inoculadas reduce significativamente la pérdida de peso de los frutos. La aplicación de 1-MCP mantuvo la firmeza en los frutos almacenados por 10 días y retrasó su pérdida por tres días más en los almacenados por 20 días. La inoculación de HMA no afectó significativamente la respuesta de los frutos de papaya al tratamiento con 1-MCP en ambos periodos de almacenamiento a 10 °C.
L’archipel Butor. Une régénération, par la culture, d’un village soumis à la métropolisation genevoise
Authors: Dutheil Arnaud
Published: August 2020

Regeneration, as usually presented, implies economic death. Lucinges, a village located in the French Genevese, does not have this characteristic, its regeneration started from a substratum of cultural death. Geneva concentrates all forms of urban culture and thus by its metropolitan size, sterilizes all cultural development on its outlying territories. The functional approach crushes the initial rural culture, engaging Lucinges in a trivialisation’s process. The municipality decided to get out of this standardisation by creating a strong cultural venue which would unite inhabitants and structure the elected official decisions. Michel Butor’s put forward by his donation to the town is became the village’s new cultural identity, bringing coherence to speeches and projects. The school, the library, the mansion, the Butor house will reshape the town center geography and history. They participate in a strong symbolic representation of the territory forming the Butor Archipelago. The desire to inscribe Lucinges in its modern time, without giving up the génie du lieu, allows the implantation of contemporary architecture as an expression of the local project. It is not a marketing process. These remarkable circumstances, allow an architect to work in a village center through successive projects. The successive additions are an opportunity to materialize a though about contemporary architecture as a regeneration of an identity. It is the set of gradually constituted logics which connects the projects with an unwritten rule. The criticism of previous achievements feeds the global thought for future projects. The emergence of those islands reveals the archipelago.
Sensus communis: para entender o espaço acústico em seu ambiente sensorial ressonante
Authors: Machado Irene de Araújo
Published: August 2020

Como, e com que propósitos, o conceito de espaço acústico emergiu no pensamento de Marshall McLuhan? Quando tentamos encontrar resposta a esta questão, nos deparamos, não com uma

exposição direta, mas com um método especulativo de investigação, denominado de explorações. O objetivo deste ensaio é alcançar as articulações metodológicas e epistemológicas do entendimento construído por McLuhan. Com elas espera-se

compreender os estados de cultura desenvolvidos como sensus communis da era eletrônica.

Palavras-chave

Espaço acústico; ressonância; ambiente; sensório; exploração.
La industria de la música popular en España: los sellos independientes en la era digital
Authors: Albornoz Luis Alfonso , Gallego Juan Ignacio
Published: August 2020

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada sobre as empresas integrantes do setor independente da música popular na Espanha. Com a finalidade de obter uma fotografia da situação desse setor e analisar suas tendências foi realizada uma enquete on-line entre essas empresas durante o primeiro semestre de 2011. A pesquisa foi dirigida por pesquisadores do Departamento de Jornalismo e Comunicação Audiovisual da Universidade Carlos III de Madri, e teve o apoio da associação espanhola União Fonográfica Independente. O artigo enfoca, principalmente, as diversas atividades e estratégias que as gravadoras e distribuidoras independentes desenvolvem, que incluem uma ativa presença nas novas redes e serviços digitais. Os resultados da pesquisa são apresentados na seguinte ordem: a) perfil das empresas, b) presença internacional, c) estratégias de publicidade e promoção, e d) presença na Internet e nos serviços e redes sociais digitais.

Palavras-chave

Indústria musical. Gravadoras independentes. Internet. Música popular. Espanha.
The integration of the Q-method as an alternative validation tool for Design Science Research Study
Authors: Nurhas Irawan
Published: August 2020

Advances in human-centered design require researchers to integrate user preferences into system design. Therefore, we propose to support the concurrent validation of design science research by using the Q-methodology.
Primate Social Cognition and the Core Human Knowledge Concept
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

I review recent work from armchair and cross-cultural epistemology on whether humans possess a knowledge concept as part of a universal “folk epistemology.” The work from armchair epistemology fails because it mischaracterizes ordinary knowledge judgments. The work from cross-cultural epistemology provides some defeasible evidence for a universal folk epistemology. I argue that recent findings from comparative psychology establish that humans possess a species-typical knowledge concept. More specifically, recent work shows that knowledge attributions are a central part of primate social cognition, used to predict others’ behavior and guide decision-making. The core primate knowledge concept is that of truth detection (across different sensory modalities) and retention (through memory) and may also include rudimentary forms of indirect truth discovery through inference. In virtue of their evolutionary heritage, humans inherited the primate social-cognitive system and thus share this core knowledge concept.
The Non-factive Turn in Epistemology: Some Hypotheses
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

I evaluate non-factive or truth-insensitive accounts of the ordinary concepts used to evaluate beliefs, evidence, assertions, and decisions. Recent findings show that these accounts are mistaken. I propose three hypotheses regarding how philosophers defending these accounts got things so wrong. I also consider one potential consequence for the discipline.
Pembelajaran PAI berbasis Moving Class di SMP Negeri 1 Gudo Jombang
Authors: Islam Attaqwa Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan , Hasan Moch. Sya'roni
Published: August 2020

Moving Class is one of the learning models that moves between classes or places of study. This learning model is applied to the learning of Islamic religious education in SMP Negeri 1 Gudo. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the Moving Class in the learning of Islamic Religious Education in SMP Negeri 1 Gudo Jombang. Thus the conclusions of the results of the study are: The Implementation of Moving Classes in Islamic Religious Education learning in SMP Negeri 1 Gudo is one of the efforts to create a new learning process, so that it is not saturated because of the monotony and routine of providing unchanging facilities (classrooms). This junior high school located in Gudo has a goal in implementing moving classes in Islamic religious education learning, which is to change the awkward learning atmosphere to be active, students can argue and can directly practice the material conveyed by the teacher. In learning Islamic religious education a lot of theories that need to be developed, therefore not only understanding the theory, but is also expected to be able to apply in life in society.
Epistemic Modals and Alternative Possibilities
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

Indicative judgments pertain to what is true. Epistemic modal judgments pertain to what must or might be true relative to a body of information. A standard view is that epistemic modals implicitly quantify over alternative possibilities, or ways things could turn out. On this view, a proposition must be true just in case it is true in all the possibilities consistent with the available information, and a proposition might be true just in case it is true in at least one possibility consistent with the available information. I report three experiments testing this view of epistemic modals. The results show that although modal judgments are sensitive to information about alternative possibilities, the standard quantification theory mischaracterizes the ordinary meaning of modals. I then report two more experiments testing the hypothesis that epistemic modals express willingness to attribute knowledge based on the available information. The results support this hypothesis. The results also show that the difference between “inside” and “outside” probabilistic information, familiar from the judgment and decision-making literature, affects epistemic modal judgments.
Knowledge Attributions in Iterated Fake Barn Cases
Authors: Turri John
Published: August 2020

In a single-iteration fake barn case, the agent correctly identifies an object of interest on the first try, despite the presence of nearby lookalikes that could have mislead her. In a multiple-iteration fake barn case, the agent first encounters several fakes, misidentifies each of them, and then encounters and correctly identifies a genuine item of interest. Prior work has established that people tend to attribute knowledge in single-iteration fake barn cases, but multiple-iteration cases have not been tested. However, some theorists contend that multiple-iteration cases are more important and will elicit a strong tendency to deny knowledge. Here I report a behavioural experiment investigating knowledge judgments in multiple-iteration fake barn cases. The main finding is that people tend to attribute knowledge in these cases too. Ironically, the results indicate that the presence of fakes could prevent iterated errors from lowering knowledge attributions. The results also provide evidence that ordinary knowledge attributions are based on attributions of cognitive ability.
Taking on Privilege and Oppression in Practical Theology: A Spatial Perspective
Authors: Dreyer Jaco S.
Published: August 2020

Practical theology has a legacy of privilege and oppression. This is a point of departure for Courtney Goto in Taking on Practical Theology. Goto convincingly argues that what counts as practical theological knowledge is shaped by a dominant paradigm that privileges some and marginalizes others. This is particularly obvious in the way practical theologians approach “context,” a key feature of today’s practical theological scholarship. To deal with privilege and oppression in practical theology, it is necessary to use C/critical, I/intersubjective spaces in order to create a compassionate, just, and responsible community of practical theologians. My thesis is that Goto’s analyses and conclusions could be enriched and strengthened by a spatial perspective. I introduce Henri Lefebvre’s notions of the production of space and the trialectics of space to illustrate the possible contribution of such a spatial perspective. A view of social space in terms of perceived, conceived, and lived space helps us to see a more differentiated picture of the power dynamics in social (and thus also academic) practices. Last, I introduce Edward Soja’s ideas on spatial justice. His views add even more analytical power to the spatial perspective and support our normative vision of justice as integral element of our scholarly practices.
The Infinite Qualitative Difference and the Difference It Makes: A Recurring Theme in Barth’s Dogmatics
Authors: Hunsinger George
Published: August 2020

This article argues that the term “incommensurable” is a key indicator of Barth’s position that the difference between God and the world is a “pure difference” and therefore not a difference of any “kind” nor even a difference of “infinitely greater degree,” as possibly implied by the Fourth Lateran Council. Although this term is used prominently in his second Romans commentary, where it underscores the companion idea that God is “wholly other,” it also recurs at important points in Church Dogmatics, where it is more often presupposed than openly stated. The “Pure Difference Thesis” not only clarifies why Barth’s rejection of the analogia entis is logically necessary for him but also why he argues that any and all activity of God in the world is purely miraculous, as well as beyond ordinary human comprehension. A few examples of how the Pure Difference Thesis comes to bear in Barth’s theology are given: truth claims about God involve an extrinsic analogy of attribution as grounded entirely in the miracle of grace; sanctification in Christ cannot possibly be a matter of progressing by degrees; dialectical theology becomes a drastic matter of Aufhebung (negation and negation of the negation); and Christ’s atoning work on the cross is depicted in essentially “apocalyptic” terms.
Parental Conflict and Role of Child Protection & Welfare Bureau on Children’s Life
Authors: Rajpoot Hira Azhar , Chaudhry Abid Ghafoor
Published: August 2020

The study is based on parental conflict and the role of the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau (CP&WB) on children’s life. Parental disharmony and friction can have a devastating effect on children and their mental growth. Besides posing a serious impediment to their change as they grow, the parental difference may lead to damaging lifelong effects on the children’s well-being. Kids may feel anxiety, depression, shame,or other similar issues when parental relationships result in impaired parenting practices arising out of conflict. The research was conducted at CP&WB in Bahawalpur. The study aimed to investigate the role of the Bureau for the betterment of the children. The methodology of the research was explanatory and the methods used for the research were interviews and observation. It was found that the bureau generally provided love, care, and met the basic need of the children for their social betterment and mental growth.
Language hemispheric dominance analyzed with magnetic resonance DTI: correlation with the Wada test
Authors: Delgado-Fernández Juan , García-Pallero Maria Ángeles , Manzanares-Soler Rafael , Martín-Plasencia Pilar , Blasco Guillermo , Frade-Porto Natalia , Navas-García Marta , Pulido Paloma , Sola Rafael G. , Torres Cristina V.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Language lateralization is a major concern in some patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who will face surgery; in these patients, hemispheric dominance testing is essential to avoid further complications. The Wada test is considered the gold standard examination for language localization, but is invasive and requires many human and material resources. Functional MRI and tractography with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have demonstrated that they could be useful for locating language in epilepsy surgery, but there is no evidence of the correlation between the Wada test and DTI MRI in language dominance.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent a Wada test before epilepsy surgery at their institution from 2012 to 2017. The authors retrospectively analyzed fractional anisotropy (FA), number and length of fibers, and volume of the arcuate fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus, comparing dominant and nondominant hemispheres.

RESULTS

Ten patients with temporal lobe epilepsy were reviewed. Statistical analysis showed that the mean FA of the arcuate fasciculus in the dominant hemisphere was higher than in the nondominant hemisphere (0.369 vs 0.329, p = 0.049). Also, the number of fibers in the arcuate fasciculus was greater in the dominant hemisphere (881.5 vs 305.4, p = 0.003). However, no differences were found in the FA of the uncinate fasciculus or number of fibers between hemispheres. The length of fibers of the uncinate fasciculus was longer in the dominant side (74.4 vs 50.1 mm, p = 0.05). Volume in both bundles was more prominent in the dominant hemisphere (12.12 vs 6.48 cm3, p = 0.004, in the arcuate fasciculus, and 8.41 vs 4.16 cm3, p = 0.018, in the uncinate fasciculus). Finally, these parameters were compared in patients in whom the seizure focus was situated in the dominant hemisphere: FA (0.37 vs 0.30, p = 0.05), number of fibers (114.4 vs 315.6, p = 0.014), and volume (12.58 vs 5.88 cm3, p = 0.035) in the arcuate fasciculus were found to be statistically significantly higher in the dominant hemispheres. Linear discriminant analysis of FA, number of fibers, and volume of the arcuate fasciculus showed a correct discrimination in 80% of patients (p = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS

The analysis of the arcuate fasciculus and other tract bundles by DTI could be a useful tool for language location testing in the preoperative study of patients with refractory epilepsy.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy for tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Meng Ying , Pople Christopher B. , Kalia Suneil K. , Kalia Lorraine V. , Davidson Benjamin , Bigioni Luca , Li Daniel Zhengze , Suppiah Suganth , Mithani Karim , Scantlebury Nadia , Schwartz Michael L. , Hamani Clement , Lipsman Nir
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

The development of transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has revitalized the practice of lesioning procedures in functional neurosurgery. Previous health economic analysis found MRgFUS thalamotomy to be a cost-effective treatment for patients with essential tremor, supporting its reimbursement. With the publication of level I evidence in support of MRgFUS thalamotomy for patients with tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease (TDPD), the authors performed a health economic comparison between MRgFUS, deep brain stimulation (DBS), and medical therapy.

METHODS

The authors used a decision tree model with rollback analysis and one-factor sensitivity analysis. Literature searches of MRgFUS thalamotomy and unilateral DBS of the ventrointermediate nucleus of the thalamus for TDPD were performed to determine the utility and probabilities for the model. Costs in Canadian dollars (CAD) were derived from the Schedule of Benefits and Fees in Ontario, Canada, and expert opinion on usage.

RESULTS

MRgFUS was associated with an expected cost of $14,831 CAD. Adding MRgFUS to continued medical therapy resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $30,078 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY), which remained cost-effective under various scenarios in the sensitivity analysis. Comparing DBS to MRgFUS, while DBS did not achieve the willingness-to-pay threshold ($56,503 per QALY) in the base case scenario, it did so under several scenarios in the sensitivity analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

MRgFUS thalamotomy is a cost-effective treatment for patients with TDPD, particularly over continued medical therapy. While MRgFUS remains competitive with DBS, the cost-effectiveness advantage is less substantial. These results will help inform the integration of this technology in the healthcare system.
Sulcus-centered resection for focal cortical dysplasia type II: surgical techniques and outcomes
Authors: Zhao Baotian , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiu , Wang Yao , Liu Chang , Mo Jiajie , Zheng Zhong , Zhang Kai , Shao Xiao-qiu , Hu Wenhan , Zhang Jianguo
Published: August 2020

Focal cortical dysplasia type II (FCD II) is a common histopathological substrate of epilepsy surgery. Here, the authors propose a sulcus-centered resection strategy for this malformation, provide technical details, and assess the efficacy and safety of this technique. The main purpose of the sulcus-centered resection is to remove the folded gray matter surrounding a dysplastic sulcus, particularly that at the bottom of the sulcus. The authors also retrospectively reviewed the records of 88 consecutive patients with FCD II treated with resective surgery between January 2015 and December 2018. The demographics, clinical characteristics, electrophysiological recordings, neuroimaging studies, histopathological findings, surgical outcomes, and complications were collected. After the exclusion of diffusely distributed and gyrus-based lesions, 71 patients (30 females, 41 males) who had undergone sulcus-centered resection were included in this study. The mean (± standard deviation) age of the cohort was 17.78 ± 10.54 years (38 pediatric patients, 33 adults). Thirty-five lesions (49%) were demonstrated on MRI; 42 patients (59%) underwent stereo-EEG monitoring before resective surgery; and 37 (52%) and 34 (48%) lesions were histopathologically proven to be FCD IIa and IIb, respectively. At a mean follow-up of 3.34 ± 1.17 years, 64 patients (90%) remained seizure free, and 7 (10%) had permanent neurological deficits including motor weakness, sensory deficits, and visual field deficits. The study findings showed that in carefully selected FCD II cases, sulcus-centered resection is an effective and safe surgical strategy.
Microendoscopic decompression for lumbosacral foraminal stenosis: a novel surgical strategy based on anatomical considerations using 3D image fusion with MRI/CT
Authors: Murata Shizumasa , Minamide Akihito , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Nakagawa Yukihiro , Hashizume Hiroshi , Yukawa Yasutsugu , Tsutsui Shunji , Takami Masanari , Okada Motohiro , Nagata Keiji , Yoshida Munehito , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Simpson Andrew K. , Yamada Hiroshi
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Persistent lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS) is one of the most common reasons for poor postoperative outcomes and is a major contributor to “failed back surgery syndrome.” The authors describe a new surgical strategy for LFS based on anatomical considerations using 3D image fusion with MRI/CT analysis.

METHODS

A retrospective review was conducted on 78 consecutive patients surgically treated for LFS at the lumbosacral junction (2013–2017). The location and extent of stenosis, including the narrowest site and associated pathology (bone or soft tissue), were measured using 3D image fusion with MRI/CT. Stenosis was defined as medial intervertebral foraminal (MF; inner edge to pedicle center), lateral intervertebral foraminal (LF; pedicle center to outer edge), or extraforaminal (EF; outside the pedicle). Lumbar (low-back pain, leg pain) and patient satisfaction visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were evaluated. Surgical outcome was evaluated 2 years postoperatively.

RESULTS

Most instances of stenosis existed outside the pedicle’s center (94%), including LF (58%), EF (36%), and MF (6%). In all MF cases, stenosis resulted from soft-tissue structures. The narrowest stenosis sites were localized around the pedicle’s outer border. The areas for sufficient nerve decompression were extended in MF+LF (10%), MF+LF+EF (14%), LF+EF (39%), LF (11%), and EF (26%). No iatrogenic pars interarticularis damage occurred. The JOA score was 14.9 ± 2.6 points preoperatively and 22.4 ± 3.5 points at 2 years postoperatively. The JOA recovery rate was 56.0% ± 18.6%. The VAS score (low-back and leg pain) was significantly improved 2 years postoperatively (p < 0.01). According to patients’ self-assessment of the minimally invasive surgery, 62 (79.5%) chose “surgery met my expectations” at follow-up. Nine patients (11.5%) selected “I did not improve as much as I had hoped but I would undergo the same surgery for the same outcome.”

CONCLUSIONS

Most LFS existed outside the pedicle’s center and was rarely noted in the pars region. The main regions of stenosis were localized to the pedicle’s outer edge. Considering this anatomical distribution of LFS, the authors recommend that lateral fenestration should be the first priority for foraminal decompression. Other surgical options including foraminotomy, total facetectomy, and hemilaminectomy likely require more bone resections than LFS treatment. The microendoscopic surgery results were very good, indicating that this minimally invasive surgery was suitable for treating this disease.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS CERITA FANTASI SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 21 PALEMBANG
Authors: Panuah Yulisar
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe group investigation (GI) dan motivasi belajar terhadap kemampuan menulis teks cerita fantasi siswa kelas VII Smp Negeri 21 palembang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik dengan uji t. Hasil dalam penelitian ini pertama model pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe group investigation berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan menulis teks cerita fantasi siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 21 Palembang. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil pengujian hipotesis diperoleh bahwa nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000. Karena nilai sig (probabilitas) lebih kecil dari 0,025, maka Ha diterima. Kedua motivasi belajar berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan menulis teks cerita fantasi siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 21 Palembang. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil pengujian hipotesis diperoleh bahwa nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0,020 Karena nilai sig (probabilitas) lebih kecil dari 0,025, maka Ha diterima. KetigaÂ  Â Model Pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe group investigation dan motivasi belajar berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan menulis teks cerita fantasi siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 21 Palembang. Hal ini terbukti dari hasil pengujian hipotesis diperoleh bahwa nilai probabilitas interaksi Model Pembelajaran cooperative learning tipe group investigation dan motivasi (0,024) < 0,05; maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima.
GAYA BAHASA SINDIRAN IRONI, SINISME DAN SARKASME DALAM BERITA UTAMA HARIAN KOMPAS
Authors: Heru Agus
Published: August 2020

The problem of this research is how the use of sarcasm, sarcastic and sarcasmic sarcasm in Kompas April 2015 headlines and whether the contents of the protests contained in Kompas headlines in April 2015 are reviewed based on political elements. The purpose of this study describes the use of sarcastic, sarcastic and sarcastic sarcasm styles contained in the headlines in Kompas daily in April 2015 and describes the contents of the protest contained in the headlines in the April 2015 Kompas newspaper reviewed based on political elements. Theoretically this research is expected to contribute to the theory of language style satire of irony, cynicism and sarcasm in relation to political protests. It is practically useful as one of the alternatives in Teaching Indonesian about the use of sarcastic, sarcastic and sarcastic sarcasm styles in fiction and non fiction. The method used is descriptive. Source of data in this research is derived from Kompas political news in April 2015. Political news that was studied was taken from Kompas daily for one month from 1-30 April 2015. While the data analysis techniques used content analysis techniques and change analysis techniques. The results show the use of sarcastic, sarcastic and sarcasmic sarcasm style which contains political protests in Kompas headlines in April 2015 consisting of replacement elements and replaceable elements that have similarities in semantics, categories, or analogies. The use of sarcastic, sarcastic and sarcastic sarcasm in the headlines of Kompas daily in April 2015 amounted to 17 sarcasm, sarcastic and sarcasmic sarcasm. In this regard, there is a need for further efforts to introduce analytical teaching of a kind of sarcastic, cynicism and sarcasmÂ Keywordsâ€” Language style satire of irony, cynicism and sarcasm
ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS DALAM KUMPULAN PIDATO PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA KE-7 Ir. JOKO WIDODO
Authors: Syawaludin Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan memahami bagaimanakah Analisis Wacana Kritis untuk mengungkapkan pemaknaan Pidato Presiden Republik Indonesia melalui elemen-elemen pada struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Penelitian iniÂ  merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis model Teun A. Van Djik. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara dokumentasi, kemudian dicatat dalam kertas kerja berdasarkan struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Beberapa simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah; Pertama ditemukan makana ideologi kerakyatan, ideologi sosialisme, dan ideologi nasionalisme terhadap kumpulan pidato Presiden Republik Indonesia ke-7. Kedua, strategi yang digunakan Presiden Republik Indonesia untuk menyembunyikan pemaknaan pada ideologi kerakyatan, ideologi sosialisme, dan ideologi nasionalisme adalah melalui elemen-elemen pada struktur makro, superstruktur, dan struktur mikro. Makna ideologi kerakyatan ditunjukkan dengan menguraikan kalimat yang bernada gemilang, maju, sejahtera, aman dan tentram. Selain itu makna ideologi sosialisme ditunjukkan dengan menguraikan kalimat yang bermakna menghargai dan menghormati.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CIRCUIT LEARNING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS NASKAH DRAMA KELAS XI IPS SMA NEGERI 3 UNGGULAN PALEMBANG
Authors: Astuti Sri , Fitriani Yessi
Published: August 2020

Masalah penelitian ini mengenai pengaruh model pembelajaran Circuit Learning terhadap keterampilan menulis naskah drama kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Palembang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Circuit Learning terhadap keterampilan menulis naskah drama kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Palembang yang berjumlah seluruhnya 144 siswa. Sampel penelitian kelas eksperimen berjumlah 36 siswa dan kelas kontrol berjumlah 36 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji-t. Dari hasil perhitungan didapat dengan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 78,5 dan kelas kontrol 67,1 maka Ha diterima. Dengan demikian hipotesis yang penulis kemukakan yaitu adakah pengaruh model pembelajaran Circuit Learning terhadap keterampilan menulis naskah drama kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Palembang terbukti kebenarannya.
PENGARUH FILM INDIE (INDEPENDENT) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERPEN SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 TALANG KELAPA
Authors: Agustina Juaidah , Mardiana Mardiana
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan keterampilan menulis cerpen siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talang Kelapa menggunakan media pembelajaran film indie (independent). Melalui metode kuantitatif dengan teknik simple random sampling peneliti dapat membedakan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 1 Talang Kelapa yang berjumlah 123 siswa. Dengan sampel kelas XI IPS 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI IPS 1 sebagai kelas kontrol yang jumlahnya sama 30 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji-t. Berdasarkan analisis data mengenai hasil belajar siswa melalui Uji-t maka diperoleh nilai thitung = 3,67Â  sedangkan ttabel = 1,67. Dari hasil perhitungan didapat bahwa thitung â‰¥ ttabel maka Ha diterima dengan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 77,16 dan kelas kontrol 66,43. Dengan demikian hipotesis yang penulis kemukakan yaitu â€œTerdapat pengaruh film indie (independent) terhadap keterampilan menulis cerpen siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talang Kelapaâ€ terbukti kebenarannya.
Оrganizational and content fundamentals of distance learning in Ukraine under conditions of quarantine restrictions
Authors: Kravchenko Oksana
Published: August 2020

The article finds that under the conditions of quarantine restrictions, the only acceptable form of education was distance learning, which complies with current legislation, as it is included in the list of institutional forms along with full-time, part-time, online, etc.
Each HEI within the given autonomy has developed and implemented a system of measures on the technological and technical aspect of the implementation of the educational process in quarantine. In this context, the analysis of the official websites of the HEI is carried out to generalize innovative practices and practical experience, which can serve as a methodological basis for research and teaching staff to improve and expand the forms and methods of distance learning.
Along with the variety of forms of distance education, there are common problems and challenges for free education: the workload of both teachers and students has increased significantly; there was a need for intensive training in the use of distance forms in the educational process; the work was intensified and it became obvious that specialized distance learning centres were functioning based on the HEIs; the issue of social and psychological support of participants in the educational process etc. is left out of the recommendations of the Ministry of Education and Science. In this context, the need for psychological support becomes especially relevant, namely the need for a technological solution, the possibility of its implementation online or remotely, providing communication, interaction and support to students during their studies, especially in conditions of uncertainty. Students with special educational needs both in terms of social and psychological support and support in distance learning need significant attention.
The recommendations of the world community on the course of the educational process in the conditions of quarantine restrictions are considered. Most international organizations have made statements and made several recommendations for education systems that countries can use to make policy decisions and implement concrete action plans.
Written Corrective Feedback: The Road Ahead
Authors: Reinders Hayo , Mohebbi Hassan
Published: August 2020

Over the past three decades, the role of written corrective feedback in improving L2 writing has been controversial. Although, a considerable amount of research has investigated WCF from a range of perspectives, limitations in the research design of many studies call into question the validity of their findings, thereby reducing their generalizability. This paper aims to further WCF research by investigating these limitations and offering suggestions for possible research designs, identifying key contextual variables and target structures, considering the roles of explicit and implicit knowledge, individual differences, and teachers’ WCF proficiency levels and WCF beliefs.
Background Reading Text Technique to Promote Learners’ Argumentative Compositions: The Case of Second Year LMD Students of English Groups 9 and 10
Authors: Sabbah Lyna , Sabbah Loubna
Published: August 2020

The present inquiry is conducted under the title “Background Reading Text Technique to Promote Learners’ Argumentative Compositions”. Its aim is to establish the relevance of teaching writing skills through reading assignments to second year LMD students of English, at the University of Abderrahmane-Mira, Bejaia (Algeria). It is an attempt to explore the nature of the contribution of the Background Reading Text Technique to learners’ competence in argumentative compositions. In view of that, this investigation concerns itself with the issue of how to brush up writing skills using the Background Reading Text Technique. As a solution for the aforementioned problem, we hypothesize that “If the learners compose by means of analysing previously reading assignments, they may be able to plan more effectively and write better argumentative essays”. To tackle this problem, we have adopted an experimental method using an analytic, quantitative approach. The anticipated findings of the experimental manipulation indicate that the Background Reading Text Technique is a significant contributory strategy during written expression classes to develop learners’ argumentative compositions, particularly at the level of vocabulary use and organisational skills.
A comparative analysis of the main characteristics of human capital in Bulgaria and Russia
Authors: Shishmanova P. D.
Published: August 2020

Human capital is one of the main factors in the development of the modern economy. Its condition and trends are determined by the specific conditions in each country. The purpose of this report is to examine the extent to which the different political and socio-economic conditions in Bulgaria and Russia affect the main characteristics of human capital. The analysis of the state of human capital is presented in quantitative and qualitative aspect. Quantitative characteristics are mainly related to changes in the population, its age structure and the state of its health. The educational level of the population and the quality of the educational training are considered in a qualitative aspect. The comparative analysis shows that Bulgaria and Russia have many similarities regarding the state and development of human capital, but the differences prevail. In Bulgaria, the population, as well as labor resources, are rapidly declining, and in Russia the changes are in a positive direction. Russia still manages to maintain a good quality of education, and Bulgaria is retreating from its good positions. On this basis, it is concluded that the different political and economic conditions in the two countries form a specific profile of their human capital, but generate similar problems. This imposes the need for rapid and effective measures aimed at modernizing education and health care systems, changing the funding model and its results, as well as adapting external models and policies to national specifics and traditions.
Effect of mechanical stresses on the domain structure of barium titanate single crystals
Authors: Borodina V. V. , Kramarov S. O.
Published: August 2020

This review article summarizes the material of years of research on the impact of mechanical stresses on the domain structure of multiaxhetoelectrics using the example of barium titanium monocrystals. Since the discovery of the ferroelectric properties of barium titanate in 1944, this material has been the subject of comprehensive investigation as the first practically important and perhaps the most famous ferroelectric. The domain structure of barium titanate is sensitive to mechanical stresses arising both from simple uniaxial compression and from point impacts by local mechanical loading. Mechanical stress applied to a ferroelectric crystal may have a significant effect on dielectric and piezoelectric properties. In particular, 90-degree domain switching is possible under the influence of stresses. The most interesting experimental results are obtained in the study of elastoplastic processes in BaTiO 3 originating from local mechanical stresses. The following features are found and studied: development of strained region around the point of application of the load; “internal” 90-degree domain that does not extend to the crystal surfaces and does not close upon other domains; the growth of 90-degree domains under the influence of residual mechanical stresses; growth of cracks along charged 90-degree domain walls. The notions of “ferroplastic effect” (crystal deformation due to the formation of 90-degree ferroelectric domains) and “ferromechanical effect” (crack formation and growth along charged 90-degree domain walls) are introduced. The hypothesis of a significant role of oxygen vacancies in the processes of 90-degree domain reorientation was put forward and experimentally confirmed. In particular, an increase in the concentration of oxygen vacancies by reducing annealing of barium titanate single crystals creates more favorable conditions for the appearance of an "internal" 90-degree domain under local mechanical load. The study of the mechanisms governing the formation of a domain structure in ferroelectric crystals remains an important problem of modern materials science.
Designing Electronic Systems Using SystemC and SystemC–AMS
Authors: Alekhin V. A.
Published: August 2020

Current trends in the design of electronic systems is the use of embedded systems based on systems on a chip (System-on-Chip (SoC)) or (VLSI SoC). The paper discusses the design features of electronic systems on a chip using the SystemC design and verification language. For the joint design and simulation of digital systems hardware and software, seven modeling levels are presented and discussed: executable specification, disabled functional model, temporary functional model, transaction-level model, behavioral hardware model, accurate hardware model, register transfer model. The SystemC design methodology with functional verification is presented, which reduces development time.

The architecture of the SystemC language and its main components are shown. The expansion of SystemC–AMS for analog and mixed analog-digital signals and its use cases in the design of electronic systems are considered. Computing models are discussed: temporary data stream (TDF), linear signal stream (LSF) and electric linear networks (ELN). The architecture of the SystemC–AMS language standard is shown and examples of its application are given. It is shown that the design languages SystemC and SystemC–AMS are widely used by leading developers of computer-aided design systems for electronic devices.
游戏与数学融合 趣味与思维共生---以网课期间小学数学游戏课教学为例
Authors: 周 春兰
Published: August 2020

数学游戏是数学知识的一种有效的载体，它具有知识性、趣味性、娱乐性、启智性等特点。它以学生为主体，以思维为核心，让学生在游戏的过程中学到知识，掌握方法。当前时期，将数学游戏融入云端课堂，并以此来达到“玩游戏、学数学、启思维、提素养”的目的。
分析城市轨道交通专业现代学徒制运行机制的构建
Authors: 阿 特古斯
Published: August 2020

随着社会经济的不断发展，教育行业也进行了不断的改革和创新。通过在城市轨道交通专业中组织开展现代学徒制人才培养的改革教育新模式，从而有效构建了城市轨道交通专业现代学徒制运行机制。这对于城市轨道交通人才的培养有着积极的作用，也促使中职院校对于人才培养的模式进行不断的创新。同时，在激发学生学习专业知识兴趣的基础上，也在不断提高城市轨道专业人才培养的质量。
冠心病患者自我感受负担现状及其影响因素研究
Authors: 许 阳
Published: August 2020

目的：调查冠心病患者自我感受负担水平，并分析其影响因素。方法：采用横断面研究方法，纳入240名符合条件的冠心病患者为研究对象，采用自行设计的一般资料问卷，自我感受负担问卷（SPBS）进行调查。结果：冠心病患者自我感受负担得分为（28.61±9.76）分。多元回归分析显示 家庭月收入、主要照顾者身体状况、居住状态、性别是影响患者自我感受负担因素（P
Considerações sobre a influência do capital cultural e o (in)sucesso escolar nas obras Os Herdeiros (1964) e A Reprodução (1970)
Authors: Silva Vergas Vitória Andrade da , Abreu Douglas Leandro Correa , Santos Aldus Artur Brito
Published: August 2020

Este artigo investigará as relações entre práticas culturais e desempenho escolar. Com base no conceito de capital cultural, buscaremos compreender a influência dos elementos culturais exteriores à escolarização no rendimento estudantil. O objetivo é entender as razões do (in)sucesso escolar e suas relações com a distribuição desigual de capital cultural. Nossa intenção, portanto, é averiguar em que medida esse modelo teórico pesa na compreensão do desempenho estudantil. Partindo dessas demandas, levantamos o seguinte problema de pesquisa: qual a influência do capital cultural na explicação das desigualdades escolares? Para dar conta dessa questão, investimos na produção de um ensaio teórico de (re)visão com perspectiva qualitativa. Centramos nosso estudo em duas obras que consideramos “pilares”, rela­cionadas ao campo educacional e que, segundo nosso ponto de vista, fundam as principais abordagens contemporâneas da sociologia da educação. Nosso propósito é (re)visitar as reflexões teóricas das obras Os herdeiros (1964) e A reprodução (1970). Em suma, este trabalho busca explorar o potencial explicativo do conceito de capital cultural, examinando, teoricamente, como ele elucida a questão da desigualdade de desempenho entre estudantes de classes sociais distintas.
Challenges and Possibilities of Overtaking Strategies for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Hegedűs Tamás , Németh Balázs , Gáspár Péter
Published: August 2020

This paper present three distinct probability-based methods for decision making and trajectory planning layers of overtaking maneuvering functionality for autonomous vehicles. The computation time of the proposed decision-making algorithms may be high, because the number of describing parameters of the traffic situations may vary in a high range. The presented clustering-based, graph-based and dynamic-based methods differ in the complexity of their computation algorithms. Since the decision-making process may require considerable online computation effort, a neural-network-based approach is presented for implementation purposes.
Brian Lucey, Charles Larkin and Constantin Gurdgiev (eds.) What if Ireland defaults? (Dublin: Orpen Press, 2012)
Authors: Frímannsson Guðmundur Heiðar
Published: August 2020

Various parts of the world have been in financial turmoil since 2008 because of the international banking crisis that started then. It soon turned into a fiscal crisis for a number of governments in Europe and developed into the Euro crisis that is wreaking havoc in Euroland and might be breaking up the EU, if bad comes to worse.