bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bovine Foot-and-Mouth-Disease risk factors in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh
Authors: Mahmud M. M. , Iqbal M. A. , Shahid M. A. H. , Das S. , Kabir A. , Hossain M. Z. , Hasan A. , Raihan A. , Yadav R. , Rahman A. K. M. A.
Published: July 2022

Background: A hospital-based case-control study was undertaken to identify the risk factors for bovine Foot-and-Mouth-Disease (FMD) in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Methods: Two hundred and eighteen FMD cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (BAUVTH) were selected and three controls per case were then selected from BAUVTH (n=872). Data on age, breed, gender, location, and time of presentation were used for the analysis. A multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors. Location was considered random intercept, demographic variables, and season as fixed effects. Results: The lowest (10) and highest (43) cases were recorded in 2014 and 2015, respectively. There was a decreasing trend (τ = -0.07) in FMD occurrence but was inconsistent and statistically insignificant (P=0.85). The odds FMD was significantly higher in cattle aged >1–3 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5; 3.6) and >3–8 years (OR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3; 3.0) compared to those aged ≤ 1years. Indigenous cattle (OR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1; 2.8) were at higher risk of being an FMD case than Shahiwal cross. In addition FMD cases were significantly higher in pre-monsoon (OR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3; 2.9) and winter (OR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3; 3.7) than post-monsoon season. Conclusion: Indigenous cattle aged between >1 year to 8 years should be prioritized for FMD vaccination, especially before pre-monsoon and winter seasons to prevent future FMD outbreaks and control FMD in Bangladesh.
Uwarunkowania sukcesu kobiet w kontekście aprecjacji wartości kobiecych
Authors: Różycka Monika
Published: July 2022

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja wartości kobiecych w kontekście paradygmatu aprecjacji wartości tradycyjnie uznawanych za kobiece. Badanie przeprowadzone wśród przedsiębiorczyń w województwie zachodniopomorskim, którego wyniki stanowią przedmiot analizy, zmierzało do odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie cechy reprezentują kobiety odnoszące sukcesy w biznesie i na rynku pracy. Hipoteza badania nawiązywała do znanej teorii S.L. Bem, że jednostka może posiadać jedną z kilku możliwych kombinacji cech męskich oraz kobiecych, a pozostawanie ich w równowadze umożliwia szybszą adaptację i lepsze funkcjonowanie w coraz bardziej złożonej rzeczywistości społecznej [Bem 2000].(fragment tekstu)
Optimización del proceso de fundición mediante el proceso de ingeniería inversa y aditiva de un cabezote de un motor de bajo cilindraje
Authors: Sánchez Carrión Edgar Fabián , Abarca Pérez Edison Patricio , Arguello Elvis Enrique
Published: July 2022

Introducción: En la industria manufactura de piezas y partes en la industria automotriz se ha visto escasamente desarrollada en nuestro país, es por ello por lo que se ha creado políticas gubernamentales como el acuerdo ministerial N 14 264, el cual busca ampliar la gama de productos de fabricación nacional para la industria automotriz. Objetivos: El objetivo se enfoca en la obtención del modelo y los parámetros del proceso de manufactura para obtener un modelo mediante la ingeniería inversa; para conseguir un prototipo de alta calidad y económicamente viable. Metodología: El proceso de manufactura elegido es la fundición en arena el cual es un proceso que nos permite obtener figuras complejas con alta calidad y coste asequible, para ello es necesario realizar el elemento, el procedimiento aplicado es un proceso de escaneo, que el resultado es una nube de punto, para luego transformar a una malla y obtener un elemento sólido obteniendo las características iniciales del proceso. Resultados: Con las características del proceso de moldeo, mediante iteraciones teniendo un error de 0.39 %   para un caudal de 0.17285433 ; Y el canal del bebedero tiene una forma tronco cónica teniendo diámetro superior de bebedero de 16,73 mm, y un diámetro inferior del bebedero de 10.21 mm. Conclusiones: Utilizamos manufactura aditiva para el proceso de fundición fue una vez obtenido los valores antes descritos para que la fundición sea óptima, obteniendo un cálculo económico para que nuestro proceso sea competitivo en relación calidad vs costo.
La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia: Patrimonio Mundial y su proyección en el futuro tras su inscripción en 1996
Authors: Ramón Fernández Francisca
Published: July 2022

La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia es el único edificio de la ciudad incluido en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la Unesco. Se trata de un bien protegido como Bien de Interés Cultural, en la categoría de Monumento, y representa un ejemplo del esplendor del comercio de los siglos XV y XVI. Su enclave privilegiado y su excelente estado de conservación hacen de este bien un emblema de la ciudad de Valencia. Tras su inclusión en la Lista este bien se ha potenciado para un mayor disfrute de la ciudadanía, al haberse realizado distintas modificaciones en la ordenación urbana de la ciudad, peatonalizando el lugar donde se encuentra. Se trata de uno de los monumentos más visitados de la ciudad, y también uno de los más respetados y que destaca por sus extraordinarias singularidades arquitectónicas
Una Mujer Ante el Amor Prohibido: “Fedra” de Unamuno
Authors: İLKER Nur Gülümser
Published: July 2022

La obra titulada Fedra de Miguel de Unamuno— uno de los autores y filósofos más eminentes de la literatura española que trata el ser humano y lo describe delicadamente— se inspiró en la historia de Fedra, una princesa que se enamora de su hijo en la mitología griega. Unamuno recrea este mito dentro de la sociedad española de la primera mitad del siglo XX. En la obra, Fedra es una joven que está enamorada de Hipólito, el hijo de su marido Pedro, y por ello empieza a dañarse a sí misma y a las personas que la rodean, comportándose de manera melancólica como esclava de su pasión hacia dicho muchacho. Este trabajo tratará del estado de ánimo agraviado de Fedra, su carácter melancólico formados por su pasado, analizando hasta qué punto este estado de ánimo dirige a la joven en su sentimiento de amor. Asimismo se enfocará en los factores que conllevan el riesgo de un amor imposible dentro de una sociedad tradicional de la dicha época, su propio sacrificio y el del muchacho.
GELENEKSEL VE ONLİNE ALIŞVERİŞTE TÜRK VE HOLLANDALI TÜKETİCİLERİN SATINALMA DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: PURUTOĞLU Nazan , ÇUBUKCU Muhammed İhsan
Published: July 2022

Bilişim teknolojisindeki gelişmeler sosyal hayatı, ticari hayatı değiştirebilmektedir. Değişimi, gelişimi devam eden bu süreçte farklılaşan tüketicilerle beraber işletmelerin, iş yapma biçimleri ve süreçleri de değişmektedir. Geleneksel satınalma davranışı önemini korumakla birlikte e-ticaretin yaygınlaşması tüketicilerin bu tür alışverişe yönelmelerini hızlandırmıştır. Bu tez çalışmasının amacı Hollandalı ve Türk tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarının internet ve geleneksel mağazacılıktaki farklılıklarını ortaya koymaktır. Bu hedefe yönelik ilk adımda konuyla ilgili yerli ve yabancı literatür taranarak, kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada yer alan konu başlıkları sırasıyla; internetin gelişimi ile son verilere göre dünyada, Türkiye’de ve Hollanda’da internet kullanımı; İnternet’le değişen tüketici satın alma davranışları ve kültürel farklılıklar ele alınmıştır. Daha sonraki bölümlerde internet ile geleneksel mağazacılığın karşılaştırılmaları, e-ticaretin yenilikleri ile son yıllarda hızla gelişen e-ticaretin, tüketici satın alma tutumlarına etkileri, ülkemizde ve Hollanda’da güncel verilerle sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın sonraki adımında Türkiye ve Hollanda’da üniversitede okuyan öğrenciler üzerinde bir alan çalışması uygulanmış ve elde edilen verilerin analizleri sonucunda internet ve geleneksel mağazacılıkta satınalma davranışlarında bazı farklılıklar tesbit edilmiştir.
KIRGIZİSTAN’DA MUHASEBE KAVRAMI VE KIRGIZ MUHASEBE SİSTEMİNDE YASAL DÜZENLEME
Authors: ÇİKOLAR Eyüp
Published: July 2022

Muhasebe, işletmenin bir fonksiyonu olmakla beraber, yatırımlarla da ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda komuta ekonomisinden, serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçiş yapan Kırgızistan için; doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımlarına ihtiyaç duyulmuş, ayrıca üretim, istihdam ve ekonomi konuları da önemli bir hale gelmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çerçevede ‘’Muhasebe’’ kavramının bir avantaj oluşturma düşüncesi; bir muhasebe standartları zorunluluğunu da gündeme getirmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda başta Kırgızistan Maliye Bakanlığı yetkilileri ve meslek kuruluşlarından oluşan bir komisyon bir araya gelerek Kırgızistan için bir Kırgızistan Muhasebe Standartlarını hazırlamıştır.
Bu çalışmada Kırgızistan’daki muhasebe bilincinin gerek bilgi kullanıcıları, gerekse muhasebe mesleğine yönelmek isteyenler açısından önemli olduğu ortaya konmuş ve daha sonra Kırgızistan’ın SSCB’den ayrılışından sonraki döneminde kendi muhasebe standardının oluşturulmasındaki süreci ve Kırgız Muhasebe Standartları’nın, IAS’ye (Uluslararası Muhasebe Standartları) uygunluğu incelenmiş bu bağlamda mevcut muhasebe sisteminin Kırgızistan’da muhasebe işleyişine ve finans sistemine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada doküman analizi kullanılarak, Kırgızistan Muhasebe Standartlarının UFRS’ye geçiş süreci izlenmiş ve Kırgızistan’daki işletmeler açısından önemine vurgu yapılmıştır. Daha sonra bulgulardan hareketle Kırgızistan Muhasebe Standartlarının, uluslararası muhasebe standartları ile karşılaştırılması yapılarak uygulamadaki eksiklikler tespit edilmiş ve bu doğrultuda çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
Az elhízás modern szemlélete és korszerű kezelése
Authors: Simonyi Gábor , Bedros J. Róbert , Wittmann István
Published: July 2022

Az elhízás a szervezet zsírfelhalmozódásával járó recidiváló, progresszív krónikus be­tegség. Jellege miatt kezelésének, gondozásának élethosszig kell tartania. A terápia elemei: az életmód (diéta és mozgás), a pszichés vezetés, a gyógyszeres, és szükség esetén a sebészi kezelés. A Magyar Obe­zi­to­lógiai és Mozgásterápiás Társaság a testtömegcsökkentő program első félévében csökkentett szénhidrát- és fokozott fehérjetartalmú diétát javasol. Fizikai aktivitás so­rán előnyösek a dinamikus, aerob jellegű (például séta, gyaloglás, kocogás, úszás, ke­rékpározás stb.) mozgásformák. A gyógyszeres kezelés lehetőségei hazánkban az orlistat, a naltrexon/bupropion fix kombináció, a subcutan liraglutid (3,0 mg), és a sebészeti kezelés, amelyek sikeres kiegészítői lehetnek a testtömegcsökkentő programnak.
Issues of etiotropic therapy in conditions of ‘omicron’ strain of SARS-CoV‑2 spreading: Real practice
Authors: Chukhliaev P. V. , Khavkina D. А. , Janibekov J. J. , Ruzhentsova T. A.
Published: July 2022

The article presents clinical examples of treatment of patients with COVID-19 diagnosed during the period of active spread of the ‘omicron’ strain. The results of symptomatic therapy and the need for the appointment of etiotropic drugs, including in the late stages of the disease, are considered, which raises the greatest number of questions in clinical practice. In the presented examples, patients received medicines approved by the current temporary guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19 of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the course of the disease confirms the continuing need for the appointment of etiotropic therapy in the conditions of the spread of the ‘omicron’ variant, including in the second week of the disease. Umifenovir therapy as part of a comprehensive treatment regimen suspends the progression of COVID-19 and leads to relief of symptoms. Symptomatic treatment in the conditions of the spread of a new variant of the coronavirus omicron cannot replace etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy.
Therapeutic approaches to management of migraine attacks during coronavirus pandemic: Review of literature and results of our own evaluation of efficacy of zolmitriptan
Authors: Korsunskaya L. L. , Meshcheryakova A. V. , Kot A. O. , Braude I. E.
Published: July 2022

A review of the literature on the frequency, probable causes, and clinical characteristics of the headache syndrome in COVID‑19 is presented. The description of one of the most common types of headache as a neurological manifestation of a new coronavirus infection – migraine – is given. The results of our own evaluation of the high efficacy and safety of zolmitriptan for the relief of migraine attacks are presented.
Impact of climate change on incidence of West Nile Fever and West Nile virus areas expansion in Russian Federation
Authors: Monastirskiy M. V. , Demina Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

Comparison of atmospheric air temperatures and abundance of precipitation with the incidence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Russia showed a direct correlation between them: the more precipitation and the higher spring-summer air temperatures, the higher the risk of WNV infection among the population. The ongoing changes of climatic conditions towards warming predetermine high probability of further WNV circulation in the environment and emergence of infection cases. According to the data obtained from the Reference Centre for monitoring over WNV pathogen, WNV markers were detected in the territory of 61 constituent entities of the Russian Federation throughout the period of observation in 1999–2020 which testified to the existence of potential risk of human exposure during epidemic season in most of the parts of country. According to Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring forecast, climatic conditions in Russia will stick to global warming trend which will contribute to further spread of WNV onto the northern areas. The analysis of methodological issues relevant to this subject as arguments, in the future, may allow the development of a model (formula) that provides long-term forecasts of how and where the factors together contribute to the occurrence of periods of high incidence of West Nile fever in the population.
BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİ ÇOCUK PSİKİYATRİ POLİKLİNİĞİNE ADLİ PSİKİYATRİK DEĞERLENDİRME İÇİN YÖNLENDİRİLEN ÇOCUKLARIN KLİNİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE ADLİ RAPORLARININ İNCELENMESİ: İKİ YILLIK RETROSPEKTİF DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN DEMİR Arzu
Published: July 2022

Çocukları da kapsayan adli olayların sayısının giderek artması bu grupta adli psikiyatrik değerlendirmeyi daha da önemli kılmıştır. Bu çalışmada bir üniversite hastanesi çocuk psikiyatri polikliniğine son 2 yılda adli psikiyatrik değerlendirme için yönlendirilen çocukların demografik özelliklerinin, psikiyatrik hastalıklarının, zekâ düzeylerinin, adli rapor istem nedenleri ve kliniğimiz tarafından düzenlenen raporlarının geriye dönük incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla yapılan değerlendirmede çalışmaya 55 çocuk dâhil edilmiştir. Yapılan analizde çocukların %61.8’inin erkek cinsiyette olduğu, katılımcıların en sık aldıkları psikiyatrik tanıların davranım bozukluğu ve Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu olduğu, olguların %70.9’unun suça sürüklenen çocuklardan oluştuğu, en sık istismar olayı ile ilgili başvuru olduğu belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet açısından karşılaştırıldığında ise istismar olayı ile ilgili başvuru ve mağdur olma kızlarda, yaralama olayı ile ilgili başvuru ve suça sürüklenme erkeklerde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar suça sürüklenen çocuklarda ve mağdurlarda risk faktörlerinin ve eşlik eden diğer durumların bilinmesinin çocuğu, aileyi ve toplumu koruyarak gerekli tedbirlerin alınmasına katkıda bulunabileceğine işaret etmektedir.
PENGELOLAAN JALAN NASIONAL DENGAN SKENARIO VARIASI ALOKASI ANGGARAN (Studi Kasus: Jalan Nasional Provinsi Banten)
Authors: PUSERBUMI ALIMUR , PURWANTI HENY
Published: July 2022

Infrastruktur jalan sebagai tulang punggung pergerakan barang dan jasa di Indonesia membutuhkan biaya pemeliharaan jalan yang besar. Dalam manajemen pemeliharaan jalan seringkali menemukan kendala ketersediaan dana yang belum tentu dapat tersedia pada tiap akhir tahun perencanaan. Penelitian memiliki fokus pada pemrograman pemeliharaan jalan nasional dengan adanya keterbatasan alokasi dana dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja ruas jalan. Penentuan prioritas pemeliharaan ruas jalan akibat pembatasan alokasi anggaran dilakukan dengan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Penetapan bobot variabel kriteria/sub kriteria dilakukan dengan matriks perbandingan berpasangan dengan data masukan survei persepsi stakeholder terkait. Proses skoring ruas jalan dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai besaran variabel setiap alternatif.  Penentuan prioritas ruas jalan dalam pemrograman pemeliharaan jalan tahunan dilakukan selama 10 tahun dengan berbagai skenario pembiayaan. 3 skenario anggaran pemeliharaan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil bahwa metode AHP sangat cocok dalam menyusun prioritas ruas-ruas jalan dalam perencanaan program tahunan selama 10 tahun. Dari aplikasi skenario penganggaran dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa semakin kecil anggaran yang diberikan untuk pemeliharaan jalan akan berakibat bertambah besarnya dana yang diperlukan untuk menjaga fungsi layan perkerasan jalan dibandingkan bila disediakan dana sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Kata-kata Kunci : keterbatasan dana, Analytical Hierarchy Process, skenario
ANALISIS FAKTOR KETERLAMBATAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI BANGUNAN GEDUNG
Authors: LIRAWATI LIA AMELIA MEGAWATI dan
Published: July 2022

Keterlambatan proyek merupakan keadaan yang umum terjadi pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi, tidak terkecuali pada proyek konstruksi bangunan gedung. Pada umumnya diakibatkan oleh risiko dan ketidakpastian yang tidak dapat diperkirakan dengan seksama pada saat perencanaan penjadwalan dan estimasi biaya pelaksanaan proyek. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan sebuah kajian untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab keterlambatan dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi bangunan gedung. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi 21 (dua puluh satu) faktor penyebab keterlambatan dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi bangunan gedung, dan melakukan survei melalui kuesioner terhadap beberapa penyedia jasa konstruksi yang bergerak dibidang usaha konstruksi bangunan gedung dengan kualifikasi usaha menengah yang berdomisili di Wilayah Priangan Timur, Propinsi Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 5 (lima) faktor yang menduduki peringkat teratas sebagai penyebab terjadinya keterlambatan dalam pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi bangunan gedung berdasarkan diantaranya kesalahan dalam pelaksaan konstruksi, kesulitan keuangan kontraktor, lemahnya penerapan manajemen proyek di lapangan, kurangnya koordinasi pelaku konstruksi dan harga penawaran yang rendah. Kata kunci: keterlambatan proyek, proyek konstruksi, bangunan gedung.
ANALISIS FUNGSI HALTE DALAM SISTEM TRANSPORTASI PERKOTAAN KOTA BOGOR
Authors: NGURAH PURNAMA JAYA GDE
Published: July 2022

Perlu mengetahui lokasi halte di Koridor II Trans Pakuan jalur Cidangaiang – Ciawi – Harjasari dilihat dari penggunaan lahan, jumlah naik dan turun penumpang serta persepsi masyarakat, sehingga dapat memberi akses yang layak kepada penumpang dan dapat menunjang BRT agar lebih efektif dan aman, sehingga pengguna Bus Trans Pakuan dapat dioptimalkan. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui: Menganalisis penggunaan lahandi sekitar halte pada jalur koridor II Bus Trans Pakuan yaitu Cidangiang – Ciawi - Harjasari.Menganalisis sebaran lokasi exsisting halte Bus Trans Pakuan di Koridor II.Menganalisislokasihalte Trans Pakuanpada segmen jalan, yang dapatberfungsi optimal bagi BRT Trans Pakuan berdasarkan jumlah naik dan turun penumpang, serta persepsi masyarakat di sekitar lokasi halte Koridor II Trans Pakuan. Ada beberapa saran dari penelitian, yakni : Didasarkan identifikasi dampak yang akan timbul, maka perlu dilakukan pengaturan dan penataan ruang sepanjang koridor Blackspot, pengelolaan kawasan, dan penegakkan hukum (monitoring dan pengendalian ruang secara ketat.Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan dalam studi dan perencanaan blackspot selanjutnya. Dibutuhkan waktu studi yang lebih lama agar terwuud penelitian yang sempurna. Kata kunci : Kenyamanan, Pejalan Kaki, Trotoar
KONTRIBUSI CORPORATE SOSIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) BAGI PEMBANGUNAN DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: WASKITANINGSIH NOVIDA , MULYAWATI LILIS SRI , SYAHBAND MUHAMAD YOGIE , RAHMAWAT IRA , WIDYANA IFANNY
Published: July 2022

Pemerintah Kota Bogor menyadari pentingnya pemanfaatan CSR sebagai sumber pembiayaan non-konvensional dengan menetapkan Peraturan Daerah No. 6 Tahun 2016 dan Peraturan Walikota Bogor No. 69 Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi CSR sebagai sumber pembiayaan pembangunan non-konvensional dalam pembangunan Kota Bogor. Untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian tersebut, terdapat dua analisis yang dilakukan, yaitu identifikasi karakteristik CSR dan kontribusinya terhadap pembangunan Kota Bogor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui telaah dokumen dan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview). Metode analisis data menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif dan kuantitatif dekriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 85 kegiatan CSR pada tahun 2016 dan jumlah tersebut meningkat pada tahun 2020 menjadi 456 kegiatan. Jumlah kegiatan CSR tersebut berasal dari 8 perusahaan pada tahun 2016 dengan total dana sebesar Rp. 1.563.602.550, dan 18 perusahaan dengan total dana Rp. 4.131.009.717 pada tahun 2020 dengan mayoritas perusahaan besar yang bergerak di bidang pelayanan jasa. Masih sedikitnya perusahaan yang melakukan CSR tersebut disebabkan oleh banyaknya perusahaan, terutama perusahaan kecil-menengah, yang tidak melaporkan kegiatan CSR, atau bahkan tidak melaksanakan kegiatan CSR. Jika dilihat dari sebaran lokasi kegiatannya, kegiatan CSR juga masih terkonsentrasi di Kecamatan Bogor Selatan dan Bogor Tengah. Kegiatan CSR tersebut juga sesuai dengan program di dalam RPJMD dan berkontribusi pada pembangunan Kota Bogor. Pada tahun 2016 terdapat 17 program RPJMD yang didukung oleh kegiatan CSR, dan menjadi 43 program pada tahun 2020. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan total capaian kinerja program RPJMD, kontribusi kegiatan CSR terhadap RPJMD Kota Bogor masih sangat kecil, yaitu sebesar 0,63% pada tahun 2016 dan 0,43% pada tahun 2020. Nilai tersebut masih jauh dari target kontribusi CSR dalam RPJMD Kota Bogor sebesar 10% pada tahun 2020. Kecilnya kontribusi CSR tersebut disebabkan oleh dua hal, yaitu belum terdatanya semua dana CSR dari perusahaan-perusahaan pelaku CSR, serta besarnya kontribusi tergantung pada capaian kinerja program RPJM yang sesuai dengan kegiatan CSR melalui APBD. Di luar itu, kurangnya sosialisasi peraturan dan mekanisme pelaksanaan CSR oleh Pemerintah Kota Bogor dapat menjadi penyebab utamanya. Meskipun demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa CSR sangat potensial menjadi sumber pembiayaan non konvensional di Kota Bogor di masa mendatang apabila peraturan CSR tersosialisasikan dengan baik, pelaksanaan dan hasilnya terdata dengan baik, serta mekanisme pelaksanaannya sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada. Kata kunci: CSR, kontribusi bagi pembangunan, sumber pembiayaan non-konvensional.
THE DESCRIPTION OF ENGLISH TEACHING STRATEGY USED IN TEACHING READING IN ISLAMIC SENIOR HIGH SCCHOOL
Authors: Masruroh Lailatul Masruroh
Published: July 2022

This research is talked about descriptive qualitative, this research was done to know the teaching strategy in teaching English. This research was want to answer the question How is the teaching strategy in teaching reading in MA Maarif , and the objective was to describe the teaching strategy in teaching reading. To describe the answer the researcher used three instruments for taking the data, they are observation and questionnaire. Finding, the teacher applied those strategies. From the first to the third meeting, the teacher applied the different strategies. At the first and second, the teacher applied the discovery learning strategy where the learning materials were searched and found by the students themselves through various activities, and the third meeting the teacher used question answer strategy and discussion strategy.
DEVELOPING SNAKES AND LADDERS MEDIA TO TEACH SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Rohman Lutfi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop snakes and ladders media, which is integrated in English to determine the level of attractiveness and feasibility of using it, and to find out the response of students after using the snake and ladder media integrated with English. The research method adapts to the development model developed by (Borg and Gall, 1989). The study used the following seven steps: (1) potential problems, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) product validation, (5) product revision, (6) product trial, (7) product revision. The data collection tools used are: material expert questionnaires and media expert questionnaires as well as educator response questionnaires to determine product feasibility, student response questionnaires are used to determine product attractiveness. The results of the research that have been developed obtained a design in the form of a snake and ladder media integrated with English in classroom learning, obtaining a feasibility percentage of 4.2 by material experts, 3.9 by media experts, and 4.4 by educators. The percentage of participants' responses to the attractiveness of the product obtained 6.6. Based on the results of the description above, the product developed by the researcher is feasible to be used as a learning medium.
DONALD TRUMP’S PERSUASION TECHNIQUES IN THE U.S. PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE 2016
Authors: Prayogi M. Syaifudin , Laili Elisa Nurul
Published: July 2022

Persuasion is an important aspect of communication in our daily lives. The main purpose of persuasion is to convince other people to change their belief, attitude and behaviour. Here, the researcher wanted to find out the techniques of persuasion used by Donald Trump in his political speeches in  American presidential election 2016. This research was designed by using descriptive qualitative method. here, the researcher  used discourse analysis because the researcher tried to study and understand the functional use of language, that was, persuasion which was used by people in their conversation to influence other's attitude, belief and behavior. The data were Donald Trump’s utterances containing persuasion which were observed from his speeches within American presidential election. The data had represented all data of Donald Trump's speeches. The data were analyzed inductively through the observation done by the researcher himself. In addition, the approach for analyzing the technique of persuasion was based on the Gorys Keraf’s theory of persuasion. It was found that Donald Trump used several techniques of persuasion to get support from the audience and invest his idea in delivering his speeches. These techniques are: rationalization, identification, suggestion, conformities, compensation, displacement and projection.
A survey of statistical methods for inequalities in access to healthcare—Kermanshah in West Iran
Authors: Reshadat Sohyla , Zangeneh Alireza , Ziapour Arash , Farahmandmoghadam Naser , Khosravi Shadmani Fatemeh , Teimouri Raziyeh , Golanbari Shirin Zardui , Rostami Samira
Published: July 2022

Background:

Access to medical care is one of the major issues affecting human health. This study aims to investigate inequality in access to medical care in the townships in Kermanshah, Iran.

Methods

Methodology approach includes a descriptive-analytic study followed by determining the degree of development of the townships calculated in terms of access to medical care through the hierarchical cluster analysis and the combined model of human development index. Additionally, the mean center and standard distance tests are handled in a geographic information system software to identify the deployment pattern of the status of access to medical care indexes.

Results

As for the ratio of physicians, nursing staff, paramedical staff, administrative staff of health care, dentists, pharmacists, hospitals, general and specialized clinics, radiology, rehabilitation centers and laboratories to a population of 10,000, the results of analyzing the findings were indicative of unequal distribution of facilities at the level of townships. This is based on The results of comparing the mean centers of population and health facilities showed that the centers of both data categories were located in Kermanshah. The two standard distances (i.e., population and health facilities) demonstrated that the health facilities witnessed more dispersion in the northwestern regions than the concentration of population in the central and southeastern regions of the province.

Conclusions

The results indicated that the indexes of development of facilities and healthcare resources were not distributed equitably and with a balance between the townships of the Kermanshah Province.
Ferroptosis in COVID-19-related liver injury: A potential mechanism and therapeutic target
Authors: Chen Yunqing , Xu Yan , Zhang Kan , Shen Liang , Deng Min
Published: July 2022

The outbreak and worldwide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a threat to global public health. SARS-CoV-2 infection not only impacts the respiratory system but also causes hepatic injury. Ferroptosis, a distinct iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, has been investigated in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and liver diseases. However, whether ferroptosis takes part in the pathophysiological process of COVID-19-related liver injury has not been evaluated yet. This review highlights the pathological changes in COVID-19-related liver injury and presents ferroptosis as a potential mechanism in the pathological process. Ferroptosis, as a therapeutic target for COVID-19-related liver injury, is also discussed. Discoveries in these areas will improve our understanding of strategies to prevent and treat hepatic injuries caused by COVID-19.
eIF5A is activated by virus infection or dsRNA and facilitates virus replication through modulation of interferon production
Authors: Seoane Rocío , Llamas-González Yessica Y. , Vidal Santiago , El Motiam Ahmed , Bouzaher Yanis Hichem , Fonseca Danae , Farrás Rosa , García-Sastre Adolfo , González-Santamaría José , Rivas Carmen
Published: July 2022

Active hypusine-modified initiation elongation factor 5A is critical for cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic development, and innate immune response of macrophages to bacterial infection. Here, we demonstrate that both virus infection and double-stranded RNA viral mimic stimulation induce the hypusination of eIF5A. Furthermore, we show that activation of eIF5A is essential for the replication of several RNA viruses including influenza A virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, chikungunya virus, mayaro virus, una virus, zika virus, and punta toro virus. Finally, our data reveal that inhibition of eIF5A hypusination using the spermidine analog GC7 or siRNA-mediated downmodulation of eIF5A1 induce upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress marker proteins and trigger the transcriptional induction of interferon and interferon-stimulated genes, mechanisms that may explain the broad-spectrum antiviral activity of eIF5A inhibition.
The phantasmagoria: From ghostly apparitions to multisensory fairground entertainment
Authors: Spence Charles
Published: July 2022

The “phantasmagoria” is a term that originally referred to the ghost lantern shows first staged in France at the end of the 18th Century by the Belgian inventor and entertainer Étienne-Gaspard Robertson. The question to be addressed in this review concerns the link between the phantasmagoria (defined as a ghostly visual entertainment) and the multisensory sensorium (or sensory overload) of the fairground and even, in several other cases, theGesamtkunstwerk(the German term for “the total work of art”). I would like to suggest that the missing link may involve the ghost attractions, such as Dr. Pepper's Ghost (first developed at the Royal Polytechnic Institute in London in the 1860s), and the Phantasmagoria, that were both promoted in fairgrounds across England in the closing decades of the 19th Century.
Contemporary survival and anticoagulation of patients with atrial fibrillation: A community based cohort study in China
Authors: Wei Yong , Zeng Qingye , Cai Lidong , Wang Xingjie , Wang Bin , Shen Chaoying , Li Chao , Wang Caihong , Shen Yahong , Yang Shunhong , Wu Xiaoyu , Liu Yan , Xu Juan , Lu Xiaofeng , Chen Songwen , Zhou Genqing , Liu Shaowen
Published: July 2022

Backgrounds

The understanding of death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in China is limited. This study aimed to assess the contemporary survival of AF patients in China and to explore risk factors for deaths.

Methods

This was a prospective community-based cohort study including 559 AF patients, who were followed-up from July 2015 to December 2020.

Results

During 66-month follow-up, there were 200 deaths (56.5% cardiovascular, 40.0% non-cardiovascular, and 3.5% unknown causes) among 559 AF patients with the median age of 76 years. The top three causes of death were heart failure (33.0%), ischemic stroke (17.0%) and cancer (16.5%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated baseline variables positively associated with all-cause death were age (HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.13), AF subtype (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08–1.73), prior myocardial infarction (HR: 3.40, 95% CI: 1.48–7.78), previous tumor (HR: 2.61, 95% CI: 1.37–4.98), hypoglycemic therapy at baseline (HR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.13–2.91), but body weight (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–1.00) and use of calcium channel blocker (CCB) (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.95) played a protective role to all-cause death. Of patients who were alive at the end of follow-up, 24.0% were on oral anticoagulants (OAC) alone, 4.5% on dual antithrombotic therapy, 33.1% on antiplatelet agents alone and 38.4% weren't on any antithrombotic medication.

Conclusion

Ischemic stroke still remains one of the leading causes of death and OAC is seriously underused in AF patients in China. Independent risk factors for death are age, AF subtype, previous tumor, prior myocardial infarction, hypoglycemic therapy, low body weight and no CCB use.

Clinical Trial Registration

http://www.chictr.org.cn/ (ChiCTR-ICR-15007036).
Prevalence and prognosis of molecularly defined familial hypercholesterolemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Wang Cheng , Yu Puliang , Hu Lizhi , Liang Minglu , Mao Yi , Zeng Qiutang , Wang Xiang , Huang Kai , Yan Jin , Xie Li , Zhang Fengxiao , Zhu Feng
Published: July 2022

Background

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) can elevate serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, which can promote the progression of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the effect of FH on the prognosis of ACS remains unclear.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, 223 patients with ACS having LDL-C ≥ 135.3 mg/dL (3.5 mmol/L) were enrolled and screened for FH using a multiple-gene FH panel. The diagnosis of FH was defined according to the ACMG/AMP criteria as carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The clinical features of FH and the relationship of FH to the average 16.6-month risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) were assessed.

Results

The prevalence of molecularly defined FH in enrolled patients was 26.9%, and coronary artery lesions were more severe in patients with FH than in those without (Gensini score 66.0 vs. 28.0, respectively; P < 0.001). After lipid lowering, patients with FH still had significantly higher LDL-C levels at their last visit (73.5 ± 25.9 mg/dL vs. 84.7 ± 37.1 mg/dL; P = 0.013) compared with those without. FH increased the incidence of CVEs in patients with ACS [hazard ratio (HR): 3.058; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.585–5.900; log-rank P < 0.001].

Conclusion

FH is associated with an increased risk of CVEs in ACS and is an independent risk factor for ACS. This study highlights the importance of genetic testing of FH-related gene mutations in patients with ACS.
Integrative identification of immune-related key genes in atrial fibrillation using weighted gene coexpression network analysis and machine learning
Authors: Zheng Peng-Fei , Chen Lu-Zhu , Liu Peng , Liu Zheng-Yu , Pan Hong Wei
Published: July 2022

Background

The immune system significantly participates in the pathologic process of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this participation are not completely explained. The current research aimed to identify critical genes and immune cells that participate in the pathologic process of AF.

Methods

CIBERSORT was utilized to reveal the immune cell infiltration pattern in AF patients. Meanwhile, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to identify meaningful modules that were significantly correlated with AF. The characteristic genes correlated with AF were identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm.

Results

In comparison to sinus rhythm (SR) individuals, we observed that fewer activated mast cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), as well as more gamma delta T cells, resting mast cells, and M2 macrophages, were infiltrated in AF patients. Three significant modules (pink, red, and magenta) were identified to be significantly associated with AF. Gene enrichment analysis showed that all 717 genes were associated with immunity- or inflammation-related pathways and biological processes. Four hub genes (GALNT16, HTR2B, BEX2, and RAB8A) were revealed to be significantly correlated with AF by the SVM-RFE algorithm and LASSO logistic regression. qRT–PCR results suggested that compared to the SR subjects, AF patients exhibited significantly reduced BEX2 and GALNT16 expression, as well as dramatically elevated HTR2B expression. The AUC measurement showed that the diagnostic efficiency of BEX2, HTR2B, and GALNT16 in the training set was 0.836, 0.883, and 0.893, respectively, and 0.858, 0.861, and 0.915, respectively, in the validation set.

Conclusions

Three novel genes, BEX2, HTR2B, and GALNT16, were identified by WGCNA combined with machine learning, which provides potential new therapeutic targets for the early diagnosis and prevention of AF.
Inhomogeneous Distribution of Regional Myocardial Work Efficiency Predicts Early Left Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary Percutaneous Intervention
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhao Hang , Wan Fang , Shen Xue-dong , Ding Song , Pu Jun
Published: July 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that specific pattern of myocardial work (MW) distribution in patients with acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could provide prognostic value for predicting left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Methods

A total of 98 first anterior wall STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention [85 men (86.7%), mean age: 58 ± 12 years] were enrolled. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed 24–72 h after angioplasty and during 3-month follow-up. MW was estimated from the left ventricular pressure–strain loop derived from speckle tracking echocardiography and simultaneous noninvasive brachial artery cuff pressure. The primary endpoint was early LV remodeling, defined as an increase in LV end-diastolic volume ≥20% compared with baseline at 3 months after STEMI. Major adverse cardiac events and combined clinical outcomes were recorded.

Results

LV remodeling was present in 32 patients (33%), who exhibited lower global and culprit-regional work index (WI), constructive work (CW), work efficiency (WE), and specifically, greater differences of WE (delta-WE) and CW (delta-CW) between the culprit and non-culprit region than those without LV remodeling both at the acute phase and follow-up (all P < 0.0125). During follow-up, all global and regional WI, CW, and WE were improved (P < 0.0125 compared with baseline), with less improvement in patients with LV remodeling. In multivariate analysis, baseline delta-WE (odds ratio: 2.304; 95% CI: 1.093–4.856, P = 0.028) and peak troponin I level (odds ratio: 1.035; 95%CI: 1.008–1.063, P = 0.010) were independently associated with early LV remodeling. Patients with greater delta-WE at baseline were associated with a higher incidence of heart failure and combined clinical outcomes during follow-up.

Conclusion

After reperfused acute anterior STEMI, patients with LV remodeling presented with more inhomogeneous MW distribution. The absolute difference of WE between culprit and non-culprit territory at the acute phase is an independent predictor for early LV remodeling.

Clinical Trial Registration

www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05107102.
Emergently Alteration of Procedural Strategy During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement to Prevent Coronary Occlusion: A Case Report
Authors: Dai Hanyi , Zhou Dao , Fan Jiaqi , Wang Lihan , Yidilisi Abuduwufuer , Zhu Gangjie , Jiang Jubo , Li Huajun , Liu Xianbao , Wang Jian’an
Published: July 2022

Background

Coronary occlusion is an uncommon but fatal complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a poor prognosis.

Case Presentation

A patient with symptomatic severe bicuspid aortic valve stenosis was admitted to a high-volume center specializing in transfemoral TAVR with self-expanding valves. No anatomical risk factors of coronary occlusion were identified on pre-procedural computed tomography analysis. The patient was scheduled for a transfemoral TAVR with a self-expanding valve. Balloon pre-dilatation prior to prosthesis implantation was routinely used for assessing the supra-annular structure and assessing the risk of coronary occlusion. Immediately after the tubular balloon inflation, fluoroscopy revealed that the right coronary artery was not visible, and the flow in the left coronary artery was reduced. The patient would be at high-risk of coronary occlusion if a long stent self-expanding valve was implanted. Therefore, our heart team decided to suspend the ongoing procedure. A transapical TAVR with a 23 mm J-valve was performed 3 days later. The prosthesis was deployed at a proper position without blocking the coronary ostia and the final fluoroscopy showed normal flow in bilateral coronary arteries with the same filling as preoperatively.

Discussion

Our successful case highlights the importance of a comprehensive assessment of coronary risk and a thorough understanding of the TAVR procedure for the heart team. A short-stent prosthesis is feasible for patients at high risk of coronary occlusion. Most importantly TAVR should be called off even if the catheter has been introduced when an extremely high risk of coronary obstruction is identified during the procedure and no solution can be found.
Novel Early Pregnancy Multimarker Screening Test for Preeclampsia Risk Prediction
Authors: Ratnik Kaspar , Rull Kristiina , Aasmets Oliver , Kikas Triin , Hanson Ele , Kisand Kalle , Fischer Krista , Laan Maris
Published: July 2022

Preeclampsia (PE) is a common pregnancy-linked disease, causing preterm births, complicated deliveries, and health consequences for mothers and offspring. We have previously developed 6PLEX, a multiplex assay that measures PE-related maternal serum biomarkers ADAM12, sENG, leptin, PlGF, sFlt-1, and PTX3 in a single test tube. This study investigated the potential of 6PLEX to develop novel PE prediction models for early pregnancy. We analyzed 132 serum samples drawn at 70–275 gestational days (g days) from 53 pregnant women (PE, n = 22; controls, n = 31). PE prediction models were developed using a machine learning strategy based on the stepwise selection of the most significant models and incorporating parameters with optimal resampling. Alternative models included also placental FLT1 rs4769613 T/C genotypes, a high-confidence risk factor for PE. The best performing PE prediction model using samples collected at 70–98 g days comprised of PTX3, sFlt-1, and ADAM12, the subject's parity and gestational age at sampling (AUC 0.94 [95%CI 0.84–0.99]). All cases, that developed PE several months later (onset 257.4 ± 15.2 g days), were correctly identified. The model's specificity was 80% [95%CI 65–100] and the overall accuracy was 88% [95%CI 73–95]. Incorporating additionally the placental FLT1 rs4769613 T/C genotype data increased the prediction accuracy to 93.5% [AUC = 0.97 (95%CI 0.89–1.00)]. However, 6PLEX measurements of samples collected at 100–182 g days were insufficiently informative to develop reliable PE prediction models for mid-pregnancy (accuracy <75%). In summary, the developed model opens new horizons for first-trimester PE screening, combining the easily standardizable 6PLEX assay with routinely collected antenatal care data and resulting in high sensitivity and specificity.
The effect of various types and doses of statins on C-reactive protein levels in patients with dyslipidemia or coronary heart disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Xinyi , Tian Wende , Wang Tongxin , Jia Jundi , Lai Runmin , Wang Tong , Zhang Zihao , Song Luxia , Ju Jianqing , Xu Hao
Published: July 2022

Objective

The objective of this study was to measure the efficacy of various types and dosages of statins on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with dyslipidemia or coronary heart disease.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, OpenGray, and ClinicalTrials.gov. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for data extraction and synthesis. The pairwise meta-analysis compared statins and controls using a random-effects model, and a network meta-analysis compared the types and dosages of statins using the Bayesian random-effects model. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42021242067.

Results

The study included 37 randomized controlled trials with 17,410 participants and 20 interventions. According to the pairwise meta-analysis, statins significantly decreased CRP levels compared to controls (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−1.31, −0.64], P < 0.0001). In the network meta-analysis, simvastatin 40 mg/day appeared to be the best strategy for lowering CRP (Rank P = 0.18, WMD = −4.07, 95% CI = [−6.52, −1.77]). The same was true for the high-sensitivity CRP, non-acute coronary syndrome (ACS), <12 months duration, and clear measurement subgroups. In the CRP subgroup (rank P = 0.79, WMD = −1.23, 95% CI = [−2.48, −0.08]) and ≥12-month duration subgroup (Rank P = 0.40, WMD = −2.13, 95% CI = [−4.24, −0.13]), atorvastatin 80 mg/day was most likely to be the best. There were no significant differences in the dyslipidemia and ACS subgroups (P > 0.05). Node-splitting analysis showed no significant inconsistency (P > 0.05), except for the coronary heart disease subgroup.

Conclusion

Statins reduced serum CRP levels in patients with dyslipidemia or coronary heart disease. Simvastatin 40 mg/day might be the most effective therapy, and atorvastatin 80 mg/day showed the best long-term effect. This study provides a reference for choosing statin therapy based on LDL-C and CRP levels.