bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRAM SOSIALISASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH “PENTOL KABUL” PADA MASA KRISIS PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Wahyufayola Elvira , Madani Indiharjo , Alawi Muhammad Syarifudin , Bayu Melia , Andono Ayisalsabillah , Rozita Aulia , Putri Anggun , Laili Salsabila , Widyantoro Nalini
Published: December 2020

Marketing strategy is very important in business processes. This process is the final process of a production. Community service activities are carried out in Kepunten Village, Tulangan District, Sidoarjo, East Java. This activity focused on providing effective marketing methods to overcome the crisis during the Covid-19 pandemic aimed at Pentol Kabul entrepreneurs and their partners. The number of participants was 15 people. The activity took place on June 29, 2020 until July 25, 2020. The dedication method used was in the form of socialization and discussion and sharing. Results achieved: Pentol Kabul entrepreneurs and their partners can use effective and efficient marketing strategies.abstrakStrategi pemasaran sangat penting dalam proses bisnis. Proses ini merupakan proses akhir dari suatu produksi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan di Kelurahan Kepunten, Kecamatan Tulangan, Sidoarjo Jawa Timur. Kegiatan ini berfokus kepada pembekalan cara pemasaran yang efektif dalam mengatasi krisis selama pandemi Covid-19 yang ditujukan kepada pengusaha Pentol Kabul beserta para mitranya. Jumlah peserta sebanyak 15 orang. Kegiatan berlangsung pada tanggal 29 Juni 2020 sampai dengan 25 Juli 2020. Metode pengabdian yang dilakukan berupa sosialisasi serta discussion and sharing. Hasil yang dicapai : pengusaha Pentol Kabul dan para mitranya dapat menggunakan strategi pemasaran yang efektif dan efisien.
IMPLEMENTASI SOSIALISASI COVID-19 DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PROTOKOL KESEHATAN DI KOTA JAKARTA
Authors: Elgaputra Rafi Ramadhani , Adhi Sakti Evan Yoga , Widyandri Dahayu Bethari , Azhari Alifia Riza , Renatta Claudia , Rainasya Kirania , Madani Kiagus Sulthan , Gitawangi Sabhinaya Vanyaska , Faradita Faradita , Pradyanti Shabrina Aulia , Musta’ina Sri
Published: December 2020

In carrying out the 62nd Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) of Universitas Airlangga, group 270 raised the theme 'Socialization of COVID-19 in an Effort to Increase Public Awareness of Health Protocols' with a target of 500 active users of Instagram social media and the people of Cempaka Putih Barat Village, Cempaka Putih District. , Central Jakarta. The 270 group chose Instagram because it is a trend in a society where the majority use Instagram as a media to search and find all information. Meanwhile, Cempaka Putih Subdistrict was chosen as the target because the sub-district ranks fifth in the red zone in Jakarta.There are 4 activities that we do online and one activity offline. Online activities include group discussions recorded through online meeting platforms and short videos related to things that need to be done and prepared for activities outside the home in the New Normal era. Then, we also recorded online discussions in collaboration with the Team of Medical Doctors, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya.abstrakDalam melaksanakan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Ke-62 Universitas Airlangga, kelompok 270 mengangkat tema ‘Sosialisasi COVID-19 dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Protokol Kesehatan’ dengan sasaran 500 pengguna aktif media sosial Instagram dan masyarakat Kelurahan Cempaka Putih Barat, Kecamatan Cempaka Putih, Jakarta Pusat. Kelompok 270 memilih  Instagram  karena menjadi trend dalam masyarakat yang mayoritas menggunakan Instagram sebagai media untuk mencari dan menemukan segala informasi. Sedangkan pemilihan Kecamatan Cempaka Putih sebagai sasaran karena seperti yang disebutkan sebelumnya, kecamatan tersebut menempati urutan kelima zona merah di Jakarta. Terdapat 4 kegiatan  yang kami lakukan secara daring dan satu kegiatan secara luring. Kegiatan daring berupa diskusi kelompok yang direkam melalui platform meeting online dan video singkat terkait hal yang perlu dilakukan dan dipersiapkan untuk beraktivitas di luar rumah pada era New Normal. Kemudian, kami juga melakukan rekaman diskusi daring berkolaborasi dengan Tim Dokter  Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya.
JAMU TRADISIONAL INDONESIA: TINGKATKAN IMUNITAS TUBUH SECARA ALAMI SELAMA PANDEMI
Authors: Kusumo Adristy Ratna , Wiyoga Farrel Yumna , Perdana Haekal Putra , Khairunnisa Izzatidiva , Suhandi Raihan Ibadurrohman , Prastika Shinta Sunja
Published: December 2020

In the midst of a health crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic that has not ended yet, traditional medicine is one of the alternative that can be used to break the chain of transmission and to maintain immunity. Jamu is a traditional herbal medicine that has been practiced for centuries in Indonesia to maintain our health. Jamu can be used for maintaining immunity to avoid virus from our body. Especially at this time, where a cure for a disease has not been found yet, people will return to use plants as an alternative treatment with various benefits. Plants that can be consumed and made into herbs for immune booster is curcuma, turmeric, and ginger. This project is educating people to understand the benefits of jamu and by sharing the tutorial video about steps to make jamu, hopefully people can try it at home to avoiding the spread of this virus.abstrakDitengah krisis kesehatan akibat adanya pandemi COVID-19 yang belum juga usai, pengobatan tradisional menjadi salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan masyarakat untuk memutus rantai penularan serta menjaga imunitas tubuh. Jamu merupakan obat herbal tradisional yang telah dipraktekkan selama berabad-abad di masyarakat Indonesia untuk menjaga kesehatan. Jamu dapat berfungsi untuk menjaga imunitas tubuh agar terhindar dari virus yang sedang merebak. Terutama disaat saat seperti ini, dimana belum ditemukannya obat untuk suatu penyakit, masyarakat akan kembali menggunakan tumbuhan sebagai alternatif pengobatan dengan manfaatnya yang beragam. Tanaman yang dapat dikonsumsi dan dibuat menjadi jamu untuk immune booster antara lain adalah temulawak, kunyit, dan jahe. Penyuluhan ini dilakukan agar  masyarakat umum lebih memahami manfaat jamu dan  dengan membuat serta menyebarluaskan video tutorial pembuatan jamu diharapkan masyarakat dapat mempraktekkannya dirumah untuk mencegah penularan virus ini.
EDUKASI PROTOKOL KESEHATAN NEW NORMAL DAN PENGENALAN DUNIA BISNIS DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Atmajanti Calvina Izumi , Richtiara Gavrial Caesarissa , Khairunnisa I.S Kinanti , Az-Zahra Dina , Sophia Nadya Aliyya , Rahmawati Poppy Ayu
Published: December 2020

In the midst of the emergency situation that must be experienced by Indonesia, namely the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus caused a change in the system in the implementation of the Real Work Lecture. Previously, real work lectures that could be carried out in various regions with a variety of cross-regional students, had to undergo changes, namely the implementation of real work lectures according to the domicile of the student. Our work program is learning about new normal health protocols and introducing the business world to improve the economy during the pandemic through social media. This learning is expected to be able to educate the public about how to deal with new normal conditions so as not to increase the spread of the people who are infected with the COVID-19 virus. In addition, the introduction of the business world is expected to educate the public to educate the public in maintaining economic balance during the pandemic through minimalist businessabstrakDi Tengah situasi darurat yang harus dialami oleh Indonesia, yaitu masa pandemi yang disebabkan oleh virus COVID-19 menyebabkan perubahan sistem pada pelaksanaan Kuliah Kerja Nyata. Yang sebelumnya Kuliah kerja nyata yang dapat dilaksanakan di berbagai daerah dengan ragam mahasiswa lintas daerah, harus mengalami perubahan yaitu pelaksanaan Kuliah Kerja Nyata sesuai domisili mahasiswa tersebut. Program kerja yang kami lakukan adalah pembelajaraan mengenai protokol kesehatan new normal dan pengenalan dunia bisnis guna meningkatkan ekonomi selama masa pandemi melalui media sosial. Pembelajaran ini diharapkan dapat mengedukasi masyarakat mengenai cara menghadapi kondisi new normal agar tidak menambah angkat tersebar nya masyarakat yang terjangkit virus COVID-19. Selain itu pengenalan dunia bisnis diharapkan dapat mengedukasi masyarakat untuk mengedukasi masyarakat dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekonomi di masa pandemi melalui bisnis yang minimalis.
Lean Production Implementation on Coffee Beans Business
Authors: Kartika Nurullaily , Setiawan Faiz Prawira
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of Lean Production implementation in Kopi Pak Tani. Waste and a big map of the production process originated from Kopi Pak Tani will be used as data. While the big map of the production process is obtained by observation. The background of this research is to achieve a competitive advantage in the production process in order to compete with other competitors. This research applies the qualitative method which consists of 2 different ways for gaining data. First, data obtained by the interview process will proceed to the data reduction method, data presentation method, and conclusion determination method. Second, data from observation will through VALSAT Process Activity Mapping Analysis. The results of this study will become a guideline to implement a lean business process by looking at the mapping analysis of process activity. Furthermore, from this study, the discovered wastes are in lead time, inventory, defect, and transportation.
The Effect of Perception of Health Care Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty in Mother and Child Hospital
Authors: Pratama Victor , Hartini Sri
Published: December 2020

This article aims to study the effect of perception of health care service quality on patient satisfaction and loyalty in mother and child hospital. The researcher tried to identify the effect and relationship of each variable. Data collected through an accidental sampling technique among 50 samples in two hospitals in Surabaya, and the data were analyzed using path analysis. The result suggests that the perception of health care service quality does not significantly have a positive effect on patient loyalty. At the same time, there are significant and positive effects on the relationship between the perception of health care service quality and patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction significantly has a positive effect on patient loyalty. Furthermore,  patient satisfaction as a mediator variable mediates the relationship between the perception of health care service quality and patient loyalty. These findings emphasize the importance of these aspects to develop a better mother and child hospital.
Investigating Roles of Self-Efficacy on Mobile Games Adoption in Indonesia
Authors: Arimbawa Putu Adi Putra , Shanti Mardhatillah , Pratama Febby Candra
Published: December 2020

The gaming industry has become one of the most promising markets, and playing a game is also has been considered as the best leisure and entertainment activities in the last few decades. Understanding how consumers within the market behave is important to decide the best marketing strategy to be applied to achieve a competitive advantage in the market. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been widely used to examine the adoption of technology and/or information system-related products. This study's main purpose is to investigate player’s intention to play games on a mobile platform in Indonesia. We predict self-efficacy as the keys determinant factor that could affect player’s adoption of mobile games. Data calculation conducted by utilizing SmartPLS 3.2. The finding of this study proved that self-efficacy is a strong determinant of players’ mobile game adoption. Besides, we found interesting results in which perceived ease of use and attitude toward use did not have a significant direct effect on players’ intention to play mobile games. Theoretically, this study provides an integrated conceptual model to explain the role of self-efficacy on mobile game adoption. Strategically, this study results could help mobile game marketers to build the best marketing strategy for their targeted players.
Frozen graves of Yakutia, a chronological sequence
Authors: Duchesne S. , Bravina R. , Popov V. , Kolodeznikov S. , Gérard P. , Myglan V. , Hochstrasser-Petit Ch. , Romanova L. , Petit M. , Kirianov N. , Alexeev A. , Alekseeva L. , Riberon A. , Crubézy E.
Published: December 2020

Distribution, cultural and chronological attribution of frozen graves of Yakutia between the beginning of 17th and end of 19th century. The funerary rites and the artefacts allow to differentiate four chrono-cultural periods (before 1700 AD, from 1700 to 1750 AD, from 1750 to 1800 AD and after 1800 AD) which could be associated with historical events: opening of the trading post of Nertchinsk, expansion of the Kangalasky clan, economic collapse, generalization of Christianization.
The population of the medieval Plyos (based on archaeological excavations of the Varvara necropolis in Plyos, modern Ivanovo Region)
Authors: Vasilyev S.V. , Borutskaya S.B. , Averin V.A. , Frizen S.Yu.
Published: December 2020

Traditionally, the emergence of the Russian medieval town of Plyos is attributed to the second half of the
12th c., when a fortress was built on the Sobornaya Mountain (upper part), and a settlement emerged in the lower area on the left bank of the River Shokhonka, right-bank tributary of the Volga River. Craftsmen and fishermen quar-ters, which presumably had appeared long before the fortress, located on the other side of Shokhonka. Plyos was first mentioned in written sources in 1141. During the archaeological excavations in the Varvarinskaya street (Varvara necropolis) on the territory of modern Plyos town (Ivanovo Region), managed by the «Ivanovo Archaeo-logical Expedition» company, human skeletal remains dated to the 10th–13th c. were found. This palaeoanthro-pological material characterizes the population which inhabited the Upper Volga region (Verkhnee Povolzhye) in the Middle Ages. The aim of this study was to analyse the formation of the anthropological features of the medie-val town population and assess its physical appearance. Material and methods: 17 skulls (11 male and 6 female) were examined according to standard craniological protocol, 19 uncomplete postcranial skeletons were measured following the standard osteometric protocol with some authors modifications: we present detailed data on the postcranial skeletons and the analysis of limb proportions and robustness of the long bones. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for intergroup comparison with craniological series from ten different Russian and Belo-russian towns (11th–16th c.). Major results and conclusions. Presented paleoanthropological study has revealed a number of characteristics for the male skulls, associated with elongated cranium, average-high face and sharp horizontal facial profile. The female skulls exhibit mesocrania and smoother naso-molar area profile. Morphologi-cal analysis of the postcranial skeletons has demonstrated relatively elongated forearms and shortened shins in individuals from this burial ground. Reconstructed living stature of the males appears to be above average, and for women, on the contrary, below average. The problem of the common and specific patterns in the formation of the anthropological traits of the medieval town population cannot be addressed with the available anthropological material. However, PCA of the studied craniological sample indicates that the males are morphologically related to the medieval individuals from Yaroslavl (Russia) and partly to those from Novogrudok (Belarus). Thus, medie-val men buried on the territory of Plyos were undoubtedly related to (presumable) retainers buried in the sanitary graves in Yaroslavl.
The «bone» version of the anthropomorphic model in the traditional worldview
of the Turko-Mongols of Inner Asia: images, meaning, functions
Authors: Sodnompilova M.M. , Nanzatov B.Z.
Published: December 2020

The human body, its structure, appears as a universal model of the structure of the world around us and the society. Through the anatomical code, the Universal chaos is set in order, structures arise, hierarchies are estab-lished. The most illustrative example of a structure is the human skeleton. The purpose of this article is to identify the entire known corpus of information about this anthropomorphic model and to reconstruct the meaning and functions of the “bone” system in the worldview and life of the Turko-Mongols of Inner Asia. Historical, ethno-graphic and folklore materials represented the sources of the research. The methods used were comparative historical analysis which helps to identify common features in understanding and interpretation of natural phe-nomena and cultural objects in the Turko-Mongolian world, and the method of cultural and historical reconstruc-tion, which allows to determine the logic of the archaic conceptions. In the culture of the Turko–Mongolian popula-tions of Inner Asia, the anthropomorphic model in one of its variants, expressed in the skeleton, is extremely im-portant for organising and regulating the life of society. In the nomadic culture, an extensive complex of ideas has been identified, related to the «bone» version of the anthropomorphic model and representing different ideas. The main ideas consider bones of a person as a life resource of their family (in case of animals — their species), closely connected with the generation counting system and the perception of the degree of kinship. These per-ceptions substantiate the ideas of the necessity to preserve the skeleton after the death of a person (and all living creatures in general, especially revered animals), and funeral traditions, also confirmed by linguistic data. The evolution of beliefs based on vitality contained in the bones was reflected in the religious customs of the hunting and fishing complex, the ritual practices of the daily life of nomads, accompanied by the slaughter of animals. The concept of «bone» and its derivatives in the worldview of the Turko-Mongols is associated with views about the so-cial structure of the community, the state of the entire organism as a whole, the dignity and character of a person.
Anthropology of a city: organization, communication, information
Authors: Ganopolsky M.G.
Published: December 2020

The article is concerned with the anthropology of a city. As an instrument of conceptualization, we used a three-dimensional scheme: organization — communication — information, which allows giving the urban interpre-tation for each of the coordinates, and then, using the two-dimensional projections (organization-information, or-ganization-communication, information-communication), to develop a concept of the three-dimensional image of city. It has been proposed to distinguish three types of organizational structures when considering the city as an organization: hierarchical, algorithmic, and relational. The necessity of curbing the growth of the city and solidat-ing it in the context of communication has produced a number of projections. One of them, "A compact city or city of short distances" has been considered. The concept of a compact city is based on the cost-effective public transport system, and it encourages pedestrian traffic and cycling. When considering the city as an organization, the main focus lies on its structure. From a topological point of view, it has been proposed to distinguish between three types of such structures: hierarchical, algorithmic, and relational. A hierarchical structure represents a tree of power hierarchy, but its content is not necessarily associated with consistent delegation of authority power (from top to bottom) or gradual accumulation of information (from the bottom up). Thus, a library catalogue, as well as other classification means, is arranged on the principle of hierarchy. An algorithmic structure is a scheme of production process which consists of a set of sequential operations. Its mathematical model appears as a net-work diagram. Typical examples of such structures include an algorithm of construction of a building, from founda-tion to roof, a conveyed assembly of complex technical devices, etc. In relation to a city, this structure can be filled with different content. Thus, carrying out of repair and maintenance in one of the city networks often requires not only formal coordination, but also a network schedule of joint work with other community services (water, electric-ity grid, heating, communication lines, etc.). A relational structure is a group of objects of arbitrary nature, usually of the same type, singled out from the total quantity of objects on the basis of any common feature. A complex of educational or medical institutions, trade companies, domestic services, etc. could be an example of such group within the organizational structure of a city.
«Long» barrow in the Menovnoe VI burial ground
Authors: Tkachev А.A.
Published: December 2020

The pre-Mongolian time materials in the territory of the Irtysh River basin in Kazakhstan are associated with the functioning of the Kimak-Kipchak proto-state federation that existed in the end of the 1st — beginning of the 2nd mil. AD. Due to the nomadic lifestyle of these ethnic groups, the sites are represented by barrow cemeteries, the majority of which consists of «chains» of individual burial structures aligned in meridian direction. The most inter-esting funerary objects are the «long» mounds, usually ending the system of memorial structures in the northern or southern sector of the burial ground. Particular features of these objects include the presence of several attached enclosures under a common mound, which developed in the meridian direction, as well as the burial of children and adolescents, virtually unknown from individual Kimak-Kipchak mounds. Here, we analyse the materials of the «long» barrow of the Menovnoye VI burial ground, located in the Upper Irtysh region 1.5 km southeast from the village of Menovnoye, Tavrichesky District, East Kazakhstan Oblast. Under the kurgan mound, there was an en-closure with two extensions containing burials of two men, a teenager, and a child. The buried were laid stretched on their backs, with their heads towards the east. The remains of men and the teenager were accompanied by horses, and those of the child — with sheep bones. An adult man, buried within the central enclosure, apart from horse, was accompanied for his afterlife by a dog. The grave goods discovered with the buried represent wea-ponry items, military and horse equipment. The weaponry included fragments of a sword, a bone grip, arrowheads, combat and household knives. Horse harness items included stirrups and a bit made of iron, a bronze figured buckle with flexible iron prong. The child was accompanied by a bronze teardrop-shaped amulet pendant and a small cattle astragalus used for playing dice. The number of «long» mounds in the cemetery ranges from one or two to three or four. The number of individuals in them varies from 2–3 to 8–11, which emphasizes the familial proximity of adults and children buried together. The «long» barrows of the «Menovnoye VI type», which contained burials of male members of the society, reflected the presence of patriarchal family ties within the tribal communities on the one hand, and formation of patriarchal-feudal relations in the context of development of the Kimak-Kipchak nomadic proto-state on the other.
Palaeoecological reconstructions in the Tobol-Ishim interfluve: combination of on-site pollen data from cultural layers and off-site peatland records
Authors: Ryabogina N.E. , Yuzhanina E.D.
Published: December 2020

The study, based on uniformed criteria, summarizes a large series of palynological data and is aimed at re-construction of the vegetation history of the second half of the Holocene based on pollen data from peatlands. The main objective of this work is to compare the results of palynological studies from cultural layers of 30 Neo-lithic-Medieval archaeological sites (on-site data) and five natural archives (off-site records) in the sub-taiga and forest-steppe areas of Tobol River region and on the territory of the Ishim Plain (south of Western Siberia). The main analytical and correlation tools were the calculated indicators of pollen indices and biomes. Baseline pa-laeoecological changes have been analysed by the pollen index of openness/forestness (the ratio of wood vs grass pollen), the aridity index (the ratio of the summed amount of wormwood and chenopod pollen to that of ce-reals) and the dynamics of forest and steppe biome of peatlands; similar pollen indices have been calculated for the cultural layers. All indicators have been synchronized by age and fixed on a single timeline for comparison. The increasing role of forest vegetation in the forest-steppe has been considered as an indicator of increased effective hydration, forest degradation has been associated with the lack of it. The aridity index has been used as an indirect argument, reflecting the condition of grass communities outside the forest, it increases with the syn-chronous aridization and warming, but is also subject to strong distortion under the influence of human activity. Six stages of vegetation change have been identified: 6.0–4.2 ka — increase in proportion of forests in the northern forest steppe; 4.2–3.3 ka — minimal forestation of the territory; 3.3–2.5 ka — gradual regeneration of forest areas; 2.5–1.9 ka — reduction of the proportion of forests; 1.9–0.7 ka — the most pronounced forestation of the territory; 0.7–0 ka — reduction of the proportion of forests. In general, the outlined stages correspond with the overall scheme of development of landscape and climatic conditions in the southern regions of Western Siberia, though have regional specifics. Comparison of palynological data from natural archives (peatlands) and cultural layers by pollen indices demonstrates, that the anthropogenic disturbance of the composition of grass vegetation near the sites in most cases prevents objective assessment of natural conditions, but characterizes the appearance of the settlement landscape near the sites during its functioning and is associated with economic activity.
Tendencias en la hospitalización psiquiátrica por alcohol y drogas en Castilla y León entre 2005 y 2015
Authors: Llanes-Álvarez Carlos , Andrés-de Llano Jesús María , Álvarez-Navares Ana I. , Pastor-Hidalgo M. Teresa , Roncero Carlos , Franco-Martín Manuel A.
Published: December 2020

A nivel mundial, se ha estimado que el alcohol, el tabaco y las drogas han sido responsables de más de 10 millones de muertes en 2016, y que existe mucho margen para reducir la mortalidad. Se han realizado avances en la extracción de información de bases de datos administrativas con el fin de analizar grandes volúmenes de datos sanitarios. Hemos estudiado las tendencias en las tasas de hospitalización con diagnóstico de adicción a alcohol y drogas durante once años con el software Joinpoint Trend Analysis. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de asociación cruzada de 3.758 ingresos hospitalarios de pacientes con diagnóstico principal de abuso o dependencia de alcohol y drogas en unidades de Psiquiatría de centros públicos de Castilla y León entre 2005 y 2015. Las tendencias en la hospitalización por adicción al alcohol y/o drogas disminuyeron a lo largo de los once años. Además de una reducción estadísticamente significativa de los ingresos por alcohol y cocaína, se apreció una fuerte tendencia al alza en los ingresos por cannabis entre 2013 y 2015. El alcohol fue durante todo el periodo de estudio la principal causa de ingreso y el que más días de hospitalización ha generado. No obstante, en los 11 años se observó una reducción progresiva y constante en los ingresos por todas las sustancias a excepción del cannabis. La metodología utilizada ya ha demostrado ser muy útil para identificar cambios de tendencias en diferentes patologías.
El modelo UPPS de impulsividad en el abuso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC)
Authors: Pedrero Pérez Eduardo J. , Morales Alonso Sara , Gallardo Arriero Vanesa , Blázquez Rollón Laura , Folguera Expósito Irene , Ruiz Sánchez de León José María
Published: December 2020

El modelo UPPS de impulsividad se ha propuesto recientemente, ha sido ampliamente aplicado al abuso de sustancias y es uno de los recomendados en el contexto de investigación Research Domain Criteria, RDoC. Sin embargo, su aplicación al abuso de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ha sido muy limitado. En el presente trabajo se reclutó a través de Internet una muestra de n = 748 (67% mujeres) y se administró la versión reducida de la UPPS-P, además del MULTICAGE-TIC y el Inventario de Síntomas Prefrontales (ISP-20). Las propiedades psicométricas de la UPPS-P resultaron satisfactorias en consistencia interna (0,87>ω>0,75) y validez estructural. La impulsividad medida por la UPPS-P correlacionó con todas las escalas del MULTICAGE-TIC, aunque con un tamaño del efecto muy pequeño, y con mayor magnitud con las de síntomas de mal funcionamiento prefrontal. Las dimensiones de impulsividad más relacionadas con el abuso de las TIC fueron las de Urgencia (0,3>r>0,2). Se realizó un análisis estructural de todas las variables apareciendo la impulsividad como un producto del mal funcionamiento prefrontal que predecía, a través de la Urgencia Positiva, el abuso de las TIC. La impulsividad no parece ser el núcleo central del abuso de las TIC, sino los fallos en el control superior de la conducta, de los que la impulsividad sería una consecuencia, pero no la más importante. Ello hace recomendable el diseño de intervenciones de rehabilitación cognitiva que mejoren el funcionamiento de los mecanismos de control superior de la conducta en la prevención y tratamiento del abuso de las TIC.
The intensification of teaching work in the context of the commercialization of higher education in Brazil
Authors: Brito Carla David Alencar de Sena , Nunes Claudio Pinto
Published: December 2020

This article aims to present some discussions about the intensification of teaching work in the context of the commercialization of higher education in Brazil, based on the analyzes that we have been able to elaborate up to the moment of its writing. This is a study carried out based on the discussion of data provided by the National Institute for Statistical Research Anísio Teixeira (INEP), with the time frame from 2008 to 2018. The analyzes were based on: a) the number of professors working in Brazil; b) the growth rate; c) the ratio between teacher and enrollment; and d) the type of institutional link. The results show the intensification of work and the progress in relation to the precariousness of the links with higher education institutions.
Tribunal de Contas da União: uma análise quantitativa
Authors: Guerra Sérgio , Hartmann Ivar Alberto
Published: December 2020

A atuação do Tribunal de Contas da União vem ganhando maior repercussão nos círculos jurídicos e na opinião pública de maneira geral. A despeito de sua relevância para a ordem democrática brasileira e de seu papel para o controle externo, na fiscalização contábil, financeira e orçamentária da Administração Pública, o Tribunal de Contas da União raras vezes foi objeto de um estudo quantitativo de escala. É fundamental conhecer a realidade quantitativa do trabalho desempenhado pelo Tribunal, especialmente sob o ponto de vista da sua gestão. Esse artigo pretende responder a seguinte pergunta: qual é o perfil de tipo e tempo de tramitação dos processos no TCU nos últimos 25 anos? A metodologia empregada é de análise quantitativa de uma base de dados contendo todos os processos protocolados no TCU de 1994 a 2018, obtida diretamente do site do Tribunal. Os dados permitem identificar duas tendências. A primeira é que a carga de trabalho do TCU, medida pelo número de processos novos, quintuplicou em duas décadas. Não se vislumbra como alternativa de fácil e sustentável implementação que a equipe do Tribunal, incluindo o número de ministros, simplesmente seja ampliada para acompanhar sempre o crescimento do número de processos. A segunda tendência é de melhora significativa na gestão dos processos no TCU, largamente aprimorada com a implementação do processo eletrônico. Ainda que o novo sistema não tenha sido capaz de reduzir para um ou dois anos o tempo de duração de processos de análise de contas – que seria desejável, mas não necessariamente factível dada a complexidade inerente do tipo de processo – seu impacto nas demais classes processuais com grande volume de processos no Tribunal foi altamente positivo.
VERTEBRATE TAPHONOMY, PALEONTOLOGY, SEDIMENTOLOGY, AND PALYNOLOGY OF A FOSSILIFEROUS LATE DEVONIAN FLUVIAL SUCCESSION, CATSKILL FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA, USA
Authors: BROUSSARD DAVID R. , TREASTER CAYLA J. , TROP JEFFREY M. , DAESCHLER EDWARD B. , ZIPPI PIERRE A. , VRAZO MATTHEW B. , RYGEL MICHAEL C.
Published: December 2020

The fluvial facies of the Catskill Formation record important ecological events that occurred during Late Devonian time. A well-exposed section between the towns of Blossburg and Covington, in north-central Pennsylvania, contains abundant macrofossils and sedimentary features, making it well-suited for linking Upper Devonian fossil occurrences with depositional environments and sedimentary processes. Strata consist of two distinct fluvial facies: floodplain lithofacies consist of mudrocks, with evidence of pedogenic overprinting and sharp-based sandstones interpreted as crevasse splays; channel-bar lithofacies consist of single- and multi-storied cross-stratified lenticular sandstone bodies interpreted as fluvial channel-bar complexes. Macrofossils occur in 22 discrete horizons spanning > 240 m of stratigraphic succession that include Archanodon bivalve shell impressions, two genera of “placoderms” (Bothriolepis, Phyllolepis), an unidentified acanthodian, and several taxa of sarcopterygian fishes, including lungfish (Dipnoi indet.), Holoptychius, Langlieria, and Sauripterus. Most vertebrate macrofossils are preserved as disarticulated, abraded plates, scales, and bone fragments in sandstone channel-bar deposits. Articulated, unabraded remains are preserved in proximal floodplain deposits. Miospores recovered from Catskill Formation fossil sites in the Blossburg-Covington section belong to the COR subzone of the VCo (Diducites versabilis-Grandispora cornuta) palynological zone, indicating deposition ca. 362 to 361.8 Ma during the late Famennian stage of the Late Devonian. Catskill Formation fluvial strata exposed tens of kilometers to the south and west yield latest Famennian palynomorphs. These broadly contemporaneous continental depositional environments supported Late Devonian vertebrate evolution, including the fin-to-limb transition in tetrapodomorphs, and the possible euryhalinity of vertebrates occupying marine-to-nonmarine transitional habitats.
Systematic Serological Diversity of a Putative Malaria Vaccine Candidate and Broad Protection
Authors: Niare Karamoko , Chege Timothy , Mwai Kennedy , Tuju James , Nyamako Lydia , Rosenkranz Micha , Tiono Alfred , Waitumbi John , Ogutu Bernhards , Sirima Sodiomon , Awandare Gordon , Kouriba Bourema , Rayner Julian , Osier Faith
Published: December 2020

Comprehensive approaches to determine the most appropriate antigen variants to provide broad protection from malaria are challenging and consequently rarely undertaken. Here we prioritized 27 variants of the novel vaccine candidate PF3D7_1136200 from 1,333 African isolates. We designed a custom protein microarray and systematically profiled IgG and IgM antibodies against these proteins in cohort studies in Burkina Faso, Mali and Kenya. We found only four pairwise amino acid differences between variants, but the proportion seropositive varied widely between 20 and 80%. Hierarchical clustering of the correlation coefficients between all pairs of antigens revealed just three serogroups. An antibody dissimilarity analysis between samples identified six response profiles that largely reflected geographical origin. Combinations of IgG and IgM against two variants from distinct serogroups predicted up to 100% protection against clinical malaria, but the effect varied by geographical location and age. Our novel systematic strategy exploits contemporary sequence data to deduce the handful of antigen variants that have the strongest potential to induce broad protective immunity. This analytical approach is applicable to a wide variety of infectious diseases and can provide a strong evidence base for the design of next-generation vaccines.
Histopathological assessment of healing process using an amniotic membrane in osteotomy defects caused by piezosurgery and conventional surgery in rats
Authors: Ilker Semsettin , Ilker Alper , Sivrikaya Efe
Published: December 2020

There is a paucity of studies aimed to compare the healing process of piezosurgery with conventional surgery. This study evaluated the histopathological assessment of healing process in osteotomy defects caused by these surgical methods in rats using an amniotic membrane (hAM). In this randomized controlled experimental study, there were 2 main groups: group 1 (Piezosurgery method-right tibia) and group 2 (Conventional surgery method-left tibia) and subgroups determined by the sacrification periods on the 7th (n = 20) and 21st days (n = 20). hAM was used in all groups. The primary outcome variable was new bone formation, while inflammation, necrosis, fibrotic tissue formation in the defective zone were secondary outcomes. 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The 7th day fibrosis levels and the 7th new bone-building level of the group who underwent piezosurgery were found to be significantly higher than those of the group undergoing conventional surgery (p < 0.05) and the 21st new bone-building level was significantly lower than conventional surgery. In all rats, on the 21st day, there were statistically significant decreases in inflammation, fibrosis, and increases in the healing score (p < 0.05). Also, there was no statistically difference in new bone formation between 7st and 21st days (p > 0.05). The choice of conventional surgery when applying with hAM increases the new bone building in the late period.
Viscoelasticity Measured by Shear Wave Elastography in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Comparison With Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Authors: Pi Zhaoke , Wang Mengke , Lin Haoming , Guo Yanrong , Chen Siping , Diao Xianfen , Xia Hui , Liu Guoqiang , Zeng Jie , Zhang Xinyu , Chen Xin
Published: December 2020

BackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming one of the most common liver diseases. Ultrasound elastography has been used for the diagnosis of NAFLD. However, clinical research on steatosis by elastography technology has mainly focused on steatosis with fibrosis or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), while steatosis without fibrosis has been poorly studied. Moreover, the relationship between liver viscoelasticity and steatosis grade is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the degree of liver steatosis in a simple steatosis rat model using shear wave elastography (SWE). ResultsThe viscoelasticity values of 69 rats with hepatic steatosis were measured quantitatively by SWE in vivo and validated by a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) test. Pathological sections were used to determine the steatosis grading for each rat. The results showed that the elasticity values obtained by the two methods followed the same trend, and the elasticity is significantly correlated with liver steatosis. The Pearson’s correlation coefficients indicate that elasticity obtained by SWE is positively linear correlated with DMA (r = 0.628, p = 7.85×10-9). The combined Voigt elasticity measurements have high validity in the prediction of steatosis (S0 vs S1-S4), with an AUROC of 0.755 (95% CI = 0.6175-0.8925, p < 0.01) and the optimal cutoff value was 2.08 kPa with a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 63%.ConclusionSWE might have the feasibility to be introduced as an auxiliary technique for NAFLD patients in clinical settings. However, the viscosity results measured by the two methods are significantly different because the two methods work in different frequency bands.
Spin-polarized Dirac cone, flat band and saddle point in kagome magnet YMn6Sn6
Authors: Li Man , Wang Qi , Wang Guangwei , Yuan Zhihong , Song Wenhua , Lou Rui , Liu Zhengtai , Huang Yaobo , Liu Zhonghao , Lei Hechang , Yin Zhiping , Wang Shancai
Published: December 2020

Kagome-lattice of 3d-transition metals hosting Weyl/Dirac fermions and topological flat bands exhibit non-trivial topological characters and novel quantum phases, such as anomalous Hall eﬀect and fractional quantum Hall eﬀect. With consideration of spin-orbit coupling and electron correlation, several instabilities could be induced. The complete characters of the electronic structure of kagome lattice, i.e. the saddle point, Dirac-cone, and flat band, around the Fermi energy (EF) remain elusive in magnetic kagome materials. We present the first experimental observation of the complete features in ferromagnetic kagome layers of YMn6Sn6 helically coupled along the c-axis, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and band structure calculations. We demonstrate a Dirac dispersion near EF arising from a spin-polarized orbital, which carries an intrinsic Berry curvature and contributes to the anomalous Hall eﬀect in transport measurements. In addition, a flat band and a saddle point with a high density of states and with orbital-selective characters near EF are observed. These multi-orbital kagome features could cause multi-orbital magnetism. The Dirac fermion, flat band and saddle point in the vicinity of EF open an opportunity in manipulating the topological properties in magnetic materials.
Developmental Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles Leads to Long Term Gut Dysbiosis and Neurobehavioral Alterations
Authors: Lyu Zhen , Ghoshdastidar Shreya , Rekha Karamkolly , Suresh Dhananjay , Mao Jiude , Bivens Nathan , Kannan Raghuraman , Joshi Trupti , Rosenfeld Cheryl , Anandhi Upendran
Published: December 2020

Due to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a wide range of consumer products that includes topical wound dressings, coatings for biomedical devices, and food-packaging to extend the shelf-life. Despite their beneficial antimicrobial effects, developmental exposure to such NPs may lead to gut dysbiosis and long-term health consequences in exposed offspring. Silver NPs can cross the placenta and blood-brain-barrier to translocate in the brain of offspring. The underlying hypothesis tested in the current study was that developmental exposure of male and female mice to silver NPs disrupts the microbiome-gut-brain axis. To examine for such effects, C57BL6 female mice were exposed orally to silver NPs at a dose of 3 mg/kg BW or vehicle control two weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation. Male and female offspring were tested in various mazes that measure different behavioral domains, and the gut microbial profiles were surveyed from 30 through 120 days of age. Our study results suggest that developmental exposure results in increased likelihood of engaging in repetitive behaviors and reductions in resident microglial cells. Echo-MRI results indicate increased body fat in offspring exposed to NP exhibit. Coprobacillus spp., Mucispirillum spp., and Bifidobacterium spp. were reduced, while Prevotella spp., Bacillus spp., Planococcaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Ruminococcus spp. were increased in those developmentally exposed to NPs. These bacterial changes were linked to behavioral and metabolic alterations. In conclusion, developmental exposure of silver NPs results in long term gut dysbiosis, body fat increase and neurobehavioral alterations in offspring.
Development of A Three-Dimensional Shape Measurement System Using A Phase-Shift Method
Authors: Sakamoto Taku , Oda Ichiro , Okamura Takuma , Cho Hourin , Nonaka Satoru , Suzuki Haruhisa , Nakamura Tatsuya , Watanabe Daichi , Matsuo Keigo , Hanano Kazunari , Takeyama Tetsuhide , Saito Yutaka
Published: December 2020

Accurate measurement of the distance between any two points under endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal tract is difficult due to the fisheye lens currently used on endoscopes. To overcome this issue, we developed a three-dimensional visual inspection system that incorporates a phase-shift method for direct measurement of a three-dimensional shape. Projection of a striped pattern is used to enable three-dimensional renderings of a surface using an industrial camera. We evaluated the accuracy of measurement relative to that of reference measurements obtained using a measurement microscope, for three-dimensional shapes on a plane and curved surface. For 60 regions of interests, with various configurations of the reference locations relative to the camera, the measurement error for our system was <0.1 mm on the plane grid and <0.5 mm on the curved surface. The accuracy of our novel three-dimensional visual inspection system could improve determination of the size of lesions with different shapes, flat or depressed, regardless of the curved surface of the gastrointestinal tract.
Detection of EGFR Mutation of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma in Sputum Using Droplet Digital PCR
Authors: Isaka Tetsuya , Yokose Tomoyuki , Ito Hiroyuki , Nakayama Haruhiko , Miyagi Yohei , Saito Haruhiro , Masuda Munetaka
Published: December 2020

Background It is still unclear whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation of primary lung adenocarcinoma can be detected accurately on sputum samples. This study aimed to examine EGFR mutations of primary lung adenocarcinoma in sputum samples using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and compare it with an EGFR mutation in surgically resected lung cancer. Methods Sputum was collected preoperatively from patients with primary lung cancer who were scheduled for complete resection of lung tumor at Kanagawa Cancer Center from September 2014 to May 2016. ddPCR was performed to detect EGFR exon 21 L858R point mutation (Ex21 mutation) and EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation (Ex19 mutation) in the sputum samples. The concordance of EGFR mutation status in sputum samples and tumors in surgically resected specimen was evaluated for each positive and negative cytology group.Results One hundred and eighteen patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma provided sputum samples. Sputum cytology was positive in 13 patients (11.0%). ddPCR detected two cases of Ex21 mutation and two cases of Ex19 mutation. Compared to surgically resected specimens, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of EGFR mutation detection were 80.0%, 100%, and 92.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of EGFR mutation detection was 3.1% in sputum cytology negative cases. Logistic regression model analysis revealed that tumor size ≥ 29 mm determined using computed tomography (CT) was an independent potential predictive factor for positive sputum cytology (odds ratio = 10.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.85–61.0, p=0.008).Conclusions EGFR mutation of primary lung adenocarcinoma was accurately detected in sputum samples using ddPCR if the sputum cytology was positive. Sputum samples should be collected in patients with CT tumor size ≥ 29 mm for EGFR mutation analysis.