bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Two Self‐Assembled Water Clusters Stabilized by Cu‐Containing Compounds Based on MoO42‐.
Authors: Kuang Ye , Yang Bing , Pan Jiali , Meng Xianggao , Xiao Fengping
Published: September 2015

Compounds (III) and (IV) are characterized by single crystal XRD, FTIR, and UV/VIS spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free, Acid‐Catalyzed ortho‐Directed Synthesis of Anthranilic Acid Derivatives Using Carbodiimides.
Authors: Culf Adrian S. , Cuperlovic‐Culf Miroslava , Ouellette Rodney J. , Decken Andreas
Published: September 2015

starting from a wide range of 2‐fluoroaromatic acids or esters bearing further aryl fluorine, trifluoromethyl, and cyano substituents
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Formation of Fluorine‐Containing Ketones via the Selective Cross‐Trimerization Reaction of Tetrafluoroethylene, Ethylene, and Aldehydes.
Authors: Ohashi Masato , Shirataki Hiroshi , Kikushima Kotaro , Ogoshi Sensuke
Published: September 2015

A wide range of 4,4,5,5‐tetrafluoro‐1‐pentanone derivatives are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible‐Light‐Promoted and One‐Pot Synthesis of Phenanthridines and Quinolines from Aldehydes and O‐Acyl Hydroxylamine.
Authors: An Xiao‐De , Yu Shouyun
Published: September 2015

utilizing O‐(4‐cyanobenzoyl)hydroxylamine as nitrogen source
ChemInform Abstract: Arene Oxidation with Malonoyl Peroxides.
Authors: Dragan Andrei , Kubczyk Tomasz M. , Rowley Julian H. , Sproules Stephen , Tomkinson Nicholas C. O.
Published: September 2015

Malonoyl peroxide (II) is found to be an efficient reagent for the oxidation of arenes at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures to furnish protected phenols.
ChemInform Abstract: Eco‐Friendly Solvents for Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfitative C—H Bond Arylation of Heteroarenes.
Authors: Hfaiedh Anoir , Yuan Kedong , Ben Ammar Hamed , Ben Hassine Bechir , Soule Jean‐Francois , Doucet Henri
Published: September 2015

Using arylsulfonyl chlorides, arylation proceeds with remarkable regioselectivity: furans, benzofurans and N‐alkyl/phenyl‐pyrrols give C2‐arylated products while thiophenes and benzothiophenes give the C3‐arylated products.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Contiguous Quaternary and Tertiary Stereocenters by Sequential Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 2‐Substituted Enones and Mg—Enolate Trapping.
Authors: Germain Nicolas , Alexakis Alexandre
Published: September 2015

Optimized reaction conditions are developed for the asymmetric conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to α‐substituted cyclic enones.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Aryloxylation and Vinyloxylation of β‐C(sp3)—H Bond of Propionamides with Organosilanes.
Authors: Zhang Jitan , Chen Hui , Wang Binjie , Liu Zhanxiang , Zhang Yuhong
Published: September 2015

The new approach involves a sequential oxidation and arylation/vinylation process with assistance of an 8‐aminoquinolyl auxiliary.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Syntheses of Nitriles, Acrylates, and Acrylamides in Aqueous Propan‐1,2‐diol: A Catalyst Free and Waste Free Methodology.
Authors: Jayalakshmi Lakshmi Narayanan , Karuppasamy Ayyanar , Stalindurai Kesavan , Sivaramakarthikeyan Ramar , Devadoss Vellasamy , Ramalingan Chennan
Published: September 2015

Starting from aryl aldehydes, including pyrazole derivatives, and methylene active compounds a simple method for the E‐selective high yielding construction of olefins is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: (2‐Chlorobenzoyloxy)copper(I) Catalyzed C—S Cross‐Coupling of Di(hetero)aryl Disulfides with Aryl Boronic Acids under Base‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Guo Yan , Quan Zheng‐Jun , Da Yu‐Xia , Zhang Zhang , Wang Xi‐Cun
Published: September 2015

Arylboronic acids with strong electron‐withdrawing groups (e.g., 4‐CHO, 4‐Ac or 4‐COOH) do not react with compound (I) and also diallyl and di‐tert‐butyl disulfides fail in the reaction with (IIa).
ChemInform Abstract: A Direct Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Sulfono Functionalization (DSF) of Cinnamic Acids to α,β‐Unsaturated Phenyl Sulfones.
Authors: Singh Rahul , Allam Bharat Kumar , Singh Neetu , Kumari Kumkum , Singh Satish Kumar , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: September 2015

A highly efficient decarboxylative synthesis of vinyl or alkynyl sulfones is achieved from cinnamic acids or propiolic acid derivatives and sulfonylhydrazides under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: The Search for Exceptions in the Highly Enantioselective Titanium Catalyzed Oxidation of Aryl Benzyl Sulfides.
Authors: Capozzi Maria Annunziata M. , Terraneo Giancarlo , Cavallo Gabriella , Cardellicchio Cosimo
Published: September 2015

The title reaction generally proceeds with high yields and provides the products with high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: “(Diphosphine)Nickel”‐Catalyzed Negishi Cross‐Coupling: An Experimental and Theoretical Study.
Authors: Nicolas Emmanuel , Ohleier Alexia , D'Accriscio Florian , Pecharman Anne‐Frederique , Demange Matthieu , Ribagnac Philippe , Ballester Jorge , Gosmini Corinne , Mezailles Nicolas
Published: September 2015

The nickel‐based catalytic system performs a Negishi‐type cross‐coupling of aryl chlorides with equimolar arylzinc chlorides, demonstrating that strongly electron donating diphosphine ligands are excellent ligands for this process.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst Free, Multicomponent‐Tandem Synthesis of Spirooxindole‐indazolones and Spirooxindole‐pyrazolines: A Glycerol Mediated Green Approach.
Authors: Singh Swastika , Saquib Mohammad , Singh Shyam Babu , Singh Mandavi , Singh Jagdamba
Published: September 2015

A glycerol‐water 4:1 mixture as green solvent allows the catalyst‐free synthesis of the title compounds from isatin (I), hydrazines (II) and either 1,3‐diketones (III) or phenyl ketones (V) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Construction of 1′,2′‐(Dihydrospiro[indoline‐3,3′‐pyrrol]‐2′‐yl)acrylates Through Phosphine‐Catalyzed [4 + 1] Annulation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Carbonates with Oxindole‐Derived α,β‐Unsaturated Imines.
Authors: Lei Yu , Zhang Xiao‐Nan , Yang Xue‐Yan , Xu Qin , Shi Min
Published: September 2015

Title compounds are regioselectively synthesized by this new phosphine‐catalyzed [4 + 1] annulation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman carbonates with oxindole‐derived α,β‐unsaturated imines.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of 1‐Methyl‐3′,4′,5′,6′‐tetrahydrospiro[indoline‐3,2′‐pyran]‐2‐one Derivatives via Prins Cyclization.
Authors: Damera Krishna , Yu Bingchen , Wang Binghe
Published: September 2015

Spirooxindole alcohols (III) and fluorides (IV) are readily prepared as single diastereomers by a Lewis acid promoted Prins cyclization of 3‐allyl‐3‐hydroxy indolinones (I) with aldehydes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Cooperative C—C Bond Cleavage Reaction of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds with 2‐Iodoanilines to Give o‐(N‐Acylamino)aryl Ketones and Multisubstituted Indoles.
Authors: Xing Qi , Lv Hui , Xia Chungu , Li Fuwei
Published: September 2015

An ortho effect between C‐I and amine functionalities improves the reactivity of the coupling reaction of 2‐iodoanilines with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of the Synthesis of Benzofuroindolines from N‐Hydroxyindoles: An O‐Arylation/[3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement Sequence.
Authors: Tomakinian Terry , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Vincent Guillaume
Published: September 2015

N‐hydroxyindoles (II) are synthesized and utilized for the transformation into tryptamine‐derived benzofuroindolines involving a transition‐metal free O‐arylation with biaryliodonium salts followed by a spontaneous [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Gold Catalyzed Cascade Construction of Pyrroloindoline Derivatives.
Authors: Shen Zhu‐Qing , Li Xiao‐Xiao , Shi Jin‐Wei , Chen Bai‐Ling , Chen Zili
Published: September 2015

The reaction of tryptamines with allenoamides in the presence of BINOL‐derived phosphoramidate ligated gold catalysts provides pyrroloindolines with enantioselectivities up to 99%.
ChemInform Abstract: PVP Coated Copper—Iron Oxide Nanocomposite as an Efficient Catalyst for Click Reactions.
Authors: Joshi Neha , Banerjee Shaibal
Published: September 2015

The catalyst is recycled and reused in two additional runs with significantly decreasing product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐catalytic Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydro‐4H‐chromenes from Aldehydes, Dimedone and Malononitrile at Ambient Temperature.
Authors: Elinson Michail N. , Ryzhkov Fedor V. , Zaimovskaya Tatiana A. , Egorov Mikhail P.
Published: September 2015

Title compounds are efficiently synthesized by simple grinding as mechanochemical activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese(III) Acetate Mediated Oxidative Radical Cyclizations of α‐Substituted N‐[(E)‐Stilben‐2‐yl]acetamides.
Authors: Lin Ghien‐An , Chuang Che‐Ping
Published: September 2015

The title reaction provides 3‐substituted 2‐quinolines equipped with various functional groups under mild conditions and with high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Pd(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Activation Approach to Densely Functionalized N‐Heteroaromatics Related to Neocryptolepine and Their Evaluation as Potential Inducers of Apoptosis.
Authors: Sunke Rajnikanth , Kumar Vimal , Ashfaq Mohd Ashraf , Yellanki Swapna , Medisetti Raghavender , Kulkarni Pushkar , Shivaji Ramarao E. V. Venkat , Ehtesham Nasreen Z. , Pal Manojit
Published: September 2015

Compounds (IIa)‐(IIc), (IIe), (IIf), (IVa), (IVb), (IVd), (IVe), (VII), and (X) are active in the sulforhodamine B assay (10 μM) against lung cancer A549 (<90% inhib.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Construction of Highly Functionalized Tetrahydroquinolinoisoxazole Scaffolds via Intramolecular Nitrone Cycloaddition.
Authors: Bakthadoss Manickam , Devaraj Anthonisamy
Published: September 2015

A diastereo‐ and regioselective construction of tetrahydroquinolinoisoxazoles (III) and (V) is achieved by reaction of Baylis—Hillman derivatives (I) and (IV) with N‐alkylhydroxylamine hydrochlorides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Visible Light Photocatalytic Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling/Dehydrogenation/6π‐Cyclization/Oxidation Cascade: Synthesis of 12‐Nitroindoloisoquinolines from 2‐Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines.
Authors: Rusch Fabian , Unkel Lisa‐Natascha , Alpers Dirk , Hoffmann Frank , Brasholz Malte
Published: September 2015

A photolytic aerobic oxidative cyclization of 1‐nitromethyl substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines (I) and related pyridines (III) in the presence of 1‐aminoanthraquinone as the catalyst is developed to yield condensed nitropyrrole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: I2‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C(sp3)—H Amination/C—N Cleavage of Tertiary Amine: Synthesis of Quinazolines and Quinazolinones.
Authors: Yan Yizhe , Xu Ying , Niu Bin , Xie Huifang , Liu Yanqi
Published: September 2015

A novel iodine‐catalyzed aerobic cyclization of o‐carbonyl anilines (I) and structurally related o‐aminobenzamides (IV) with TMEDA (II) as one‐carbon source is developed to give quinazolines (III) and quinazolinones (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free Three‐Component Domino Reactions for Regioselective Synthesis of Multi‐Functional Fused Pyrroles.
Authors: Chen Xue‐Bing , Yan Sheng‐Jiao , Su An , Liu Wei , Lin Jun
Published: September 2015

Starting from heterocyclic ketene aminals, arylglyoxal monohydrates and 1,3‐diphenylpropane‐1,3‐dione an efficient domino [3 + 2]‐cyclization is developed which provides fused pyrrole derivatives in high yields and with excellent regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Diastereoselective and Enantioselective Formal [4 + 3] Cycloaddition of Donor—Acceptor Cyclobutanes with Nitrones.
Authors: Hu Jiang‐Lin , Wang Lijia , Xu Hao , Xie Zuowei , Tang Yong
Published: September 2015

A wide range of multifunctionalized optically active 1,2‐oxazepanes is efficiently obtained by the title reaction using a sterically hindered chiral SaBOX/Cu(II) complex as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Hydroxylated Lupeol‐Based Triterpenoid Ester Isolated from the Scurrula parasitica Parasitic on Nerium indicum
Authors: Liu Quan‐Yu , Wang Fei , Zhang Lei , Xie Jie‐Ming , Li Peng , Zhang Yong‐Hong
Published: September 2015

isolation, structure elucidation and cytotoxic activity of the new terpenoid ester (I) and sixteen known compounds
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Cascade Reactions of Unprotected Carbohydrates and Amino Acids.
Authors: Voigt Benjamin , Linke Michael , Mahrwald Rainer
Published: September 2015

The Ugi‐type reaction of carbohydrates such as (I), amino acids, and ethyl isocyanoacetate allows the synthesis of novel glycopeptide structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Fe3O4@Au Core/Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Salihov Sergei V. , Ivanenkov Yan A. , Krechetov Sergei P. , Veselov Mark S. , Sviridenkova Natalia V. , Savchenko Alexander G. , Klyachko Natalya L. , Golovin Yury I. , Chufarova Nina V. , Beloglazkina Elena K. , et al.
Published: September 2015

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Typical Solid State and Wet Chemistry Methods to Prepare Nano‐sized Nickel Ferrite Particles
Authors: Qu Hui , Liu Shiquan
Published: September 2015

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Organic Derivatives with Fluorinated Ligands as Precursors for Inorganic Nanomaterials
Authors: Mishra Shashank , Daniele Stephane
Published: September 2015

Review: 538 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Configurationally Stable, Enantioenriched Organometallic Nucleophiles in Stereospecific Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions: An Alternative Approach to Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Wang Chao‐Yuan , Derosa Joseph , Biscoe Mark R.
Published: September 2015

Review: [28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Disulfide‐Bridged Peptide Macrobicycles from Nature
Authors: Chung Benjamin K. W. , Yudin Andrei K.
Published: September 2015

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coinage‐Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions of Propargylic Alcohols
Authors: Zhang Lin , Fang Guichun , Kumar Rapolu Kiran , Bi Xihe
Published: September 2015

Review: 118 refs‐ + subrefs.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective C—Si Bond Formation Through C—H Functionalization
Authors: Sharma Ritika , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Inder , Singh Bikram , Sharma Upendra
Published: September 2015

Review: [59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferroquine and Its Derivatives: New Generation of Antimalarial Agents
Authors: Wani Waseem A. , Jameel Ehtesham , Baig Umair , Mumtazuddin Syed , Hun Lee Ting
Published: September 2015

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chalcone Scaffolds as Antiinfective Agents: Structural and Molecular Target Perspectives
Authors: Mahapatra Debarshi Kar , Bharti Sanjay Kumar , Asati Vivek
Published: September 2015

Review: 188 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel Nanoparticles in the Transfer Hydrogenation of Functional Groups
Authors: Alonso Francisco
Published: September 2015

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Taming Hypervalent Bonds and Strained Rings for Catalysis and Synthesis
Authors: de Nanteuil Florian , Li Yifan , Vita Maria Victoria , Frei Reto , Serrano Eloisa , Racine Sophie , Waser Jerome
Published: September 2015

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aggregation of Inorganic Nanoparticles Mediated by Biomimetic Oligomers
Authors: Tigger‐Zaborov Hagar , Maayan Galia
Published: September 2015

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Control of Stain Geometry by Drop Evaporation of Surfactant Containing Dispersions
Authors: Yildirim Erbil H.
Published: September 2015

Review: 195 refs.
Determination of the Enantiomerization Barrier of the Residual Enantiomers of C3‐Symmetric Tris[3‐(1‐Methyl‐2‐Alkyl)Indolyl]Phosphane Oxides: Case Study of a Multitasking HPLC Investigation Based on an Immobilized Polysaccharide Stationary Phase
Authors: Rizzo Simona , Menta Sergio , Benincori Tiziana , Ferretti Rosella , Pierini Marco , Cirilli Roberto , Sannicolò Francesco
Published: September 2015

The residual enantiomers of three tris‐(3‐indolyl)‐phosphane oxides bearing different alkyl groups (methyl, ethyl or i‐propyl) in position 2 of the indole rings constituting the blades were separated on the immobilized type Chiralpak IC column in polar organic and reversed‐phase modes. The good enantioselectivity and versatility of the IC CSP allowed easy isolation of the enantiomerically highly enriched samples suitable for configurational stability studies. The enantiomerization barriers of residual phosphane oxides were evaluated both by off‐column techniques (CD signal and enantiomeric purity decay kinetics) and by dynamic enantioselective high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Chirality 27:888–899, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nitrogen fixation by Pueraria lobata as a nitrogen source in the midstream sediment bar of a river
Authors: Asaeda Takashi , Rashid Md Harun , Ohta Kohske
Published: September 2015

It was assumed that the symbiotic N fixation in a floodplain site is highly affected by flood disturbances. To test this hypothesis, we collected soil and plant samples from several quadrats of the midstream flood plain of a relatively steep urbanized river that was subject to a different magnitude of flooding. Soil carbon and nitrogen contents had a significant positive correlation with the elevation of sites; i.e. they negatively correlated with a frequency of flood inundation. Soil pH values ranged between 6.0 and 7.23 at low elevation sites and 5.16 and 6.81 for high elevation sites. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in N fixation among sampling points, which suggests that flooding disturbs the process. A pH value of 6.5 is the best for N fixation; N fixation decreases while the pH increases or decreases. Site elevation also directly affected soil characteristics, especially nitrogen and carbon content. The fractionation of 15N value in leaf tissue (δ15N) suggests that N fixation is extensive when the total N (TN) is ≤ 0.3%. Below this TN, Pueraria lobata can derive up to 80% of their TN requirement from the atmosphere. Therefore, it can be concluded that site elevation, or flood pulses, affects the symbiotic N fixation in a floodplain by modifying the edaphic factors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calcium carbonate hydrogel construct with cynnamaldehyde incorporated to control inflammation during surgical procedure
Authors: Dewi Anne Handrini , Ana Ika Dewi , Jansen John
Published: September 2015

The incorporation of CaCO3hydrogel has been proven to enhance the bone biological activity of Plaster of Paris (POP) and to decrease its degradability. However, the installation of this bone substitute in a bone defect will still be associated with an inflammatory response. In this study, the influence of cinnamaldehyde as anti‐inflammatory agent, was investigated. In addition, it is known that aldehyde chains of cinnamaldehyde may also act as crosslinking agent and function as a plastisizer to the CaCO3hydrogel construct. Therefore, different concentrations of cinnamaldehyde were added to CaCO3hydrogel and the effect on the diametral tensile strength, age swelling, gel fractination, cinnamaldehyde release, antimicrobial effect, and cell cytotoxycity were investigated. The incorporation of cinnamaldehyde was found to decrease the age swelling and degradation rate of CaCO3hydrogel and to have no toxic effect to human gingival fibroblast cells. Moreover, the incorporation of cinnamaldehyde essential oil into the CaCO3hydrogel was beneficial and acted as an antiinflammatory agent. Further researchin vivois warranted to determine the final favorable effect of cinnamaldehyde incorporated CaCO3hydrogel in POP to provide a bone substitute. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 768–774, 2016.
An engineered biocompatible drug delivery system enhances nerve regeneration after delayed repair
Authors: Tajdaran Kasra , Gordon Tessa , Wood Mathew D. , Shoichet Molly S. , Borschel Gregory H.
Published: September 2015

Localized drug delivery strategies could greatly benefit patients with peripheral nerve injury and could be easy for surgeons to implement. We developed a local drug delivery system (DDS) using drug‐loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) embedded in a fibrin gel. In an in vitro study, we investigated the biocompatibility of this DDS by performing a toxicity assay in which we incubated PC‐12 cells with the medium released from the DDS in vitro. In an in vivo study, this DDS was applied at the rat common peroneal (CP) nerve injury site to deliver exogenous glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to the regenerating axons after delayed nerve repair. In vitro, PC‐12 cells incubated with released media samples from the DDS had similar viability to control cells cultured with normal media, demonstrating that the DDS was not toxic. In vivo, the numbers of motor and sensory neurons that regenerated their axons with empty MS treatment were the same as when there was no MS treatment. The DDS increased the numbers of regenerating motor‐ and sensory neurons to levels indistinguishable from those observed with immediate nerve repair. The DDS increased neuron regeneration to levels double those observed with negative control groups. This biocompatible, nontoxic, fibrin gel‐based DDS enhances outcomes following severe peripheral nerve injuries. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 367–376, 2016.
Simple Synthesis of 3‐Oxopropanenitriles via Electrophilic Cyanoacetylation of Heterocycles with Mixed Anhydrides
Authors: Andicsovà‐Eckstein Anita , Kozma Erika , Végh Daniel
Published: September 2015

A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 3‐oxopropanenitriles from variously substituted heterocyclic compounds via direct electrophilic cyanoacetylation is described. A series of heterocyclic 3‐oxopropanenitriles (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, 2k) have been synthesized using mixed anhydride (acetic or trifluoroacetic anhydride:cyanoacetic acid) in the presence of Mg(ClO4)2·2H2O as catalyst. This method can be extended also for the cyanoacetylation of electron poor aromatic compounds.
Is human cytomegalovirus infection associated with essential hypertension? A meta‐analysis of 11,878 participants
Authors: Wang Zuoguang , Peng Xiaoyun , Li Mei , Jin Fei , Zhang Bei , Wang Hao , Wei Yongxiang
Published: September 2015

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been reported to be highly expressed in essential hypertension (EH), and it has been proposed that HCMV infection may contribute to EH development. However, different studies showed opposite results. The present meta‐analysis was performed to investigate the association between HCMV infection and the risk of EH. All relevant literature from 1980 to 2015 was extracted from six electronic databases. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the strength of the association of HCMV infection and risk of EH. Sensitivity analysis and examination for bias were conducted to evaluate cumulative evidence of the association. The random‐effect model using the Mantel–Haenszel method was used to give the individual effect‐size estimates. Of the 11,878 participants included in this study, there were 3,864 EH patients and 8,014 control subjects. Meta‐analysis of nine studies performed in a random‐effect model found that EH patients had a higher risk of HCMV infection than normal control subjects (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.13–1.90, P = 0.004; heterogeneity: I2 = 66%, P = 0.002). Sensitivity analysis and bias examination showed the overall quality and consistency of the studies to be acceptable. For subgroup analysis, studies of Chinese populations were selected for further analysis. There was a significant association between HCMV infection and EH among Chinese patients (OR = 2.18, 95%CI:1.43–3.31, P = 0.0003) but not among other ethnic groups (OR = 1.11, 95%CI:0.95–1.31, P = 0.19). These findings provide quantitative support for the association between HCMV infection and high risk of EH in individuals of Chinese ethnicity. J. Med. Virol. 88:852–858, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of temperature and inhibitor content on the lifetime of copper nanoparticles in a propylene glycol‐based nanofluid
Authors: Stoulil J. , Pfeifer T. , Svadlena J. , Michalcova A. , Fojt J. , Marek I. , Medlin R.
Published: September 2015

The present paper investigated the lifetime of copper nanoparticles in a propylene glycol‐based nanofluid. The corrosion behavior of nanoparticles was observed by means of linear polarization resistance, resistometry, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Copper nanoparticles were tested in pure propylene glycol with the addition of the inhibitors benztriazole, benzimidazole, and tolyltriazole. The best performance was found with tolyltriazole as it provided some inhibiting efficiency even at higher temperatures, i.e., up to 120 °C. A layer of cuprous oxide was observed on the surface after exposure to propylene glycol, but this oxide was defective on the curved surface of nanoparticles. The corrosion rate of nanoparticles was at least two orders of magnitude greater than the corrosion rate of the compact sample. The lifetime of bare copper nanoparticles was not sufficient for practical purposes even when an inhibitor was used.
Improved Livingness and Control over Branching in RAFT Polymerization of Acrylates: Could Microflow Synthesis Make the Difference?
Authors: Derboven Pieter , Van Steenberge Paul H. M. , Vandenbergh Joke , Reyniers Marie‐Francoise , Junkers Tanja , D'hooge Dagmar R. , Marin Guy B.
Published: September 2015

The superior capabilities of structured microreactors over batch reactors are demonstrated for reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) solution polymerization of n‐butyl acrylate with the aid of simulations, explicitly accounting for the chain length distribution of all macrospecies types. Since perfect isothermicity can be established in a microreactor, less side products due to backbiting and β‐scission are formed compared to the batch operation in which ineffective heat removal leads to an undesirable temperature spike. For a given RAFT chain transfer agent (CTA), additional microstructural control results under microflow conditions by optimizing the reaction temperature, lowering the dilution degree, or decreasing the initial molar ratio of monomer to RAFT CTA.

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Multidetector computed tomography angiography to evaluate the subscapular arterial tree
Authors: Şentürk Sadik , Efe Duran , Özkan Adem , Göncü Recep Gani , Zümrüt Murat
Published: September 2015

Objective

The subscapular artery has an important place in reconstructive surgery. The major pedicles of several different flaps used widely in reconstructive surgery take their roots from this arterial tree. This study aimed to provide anatomical data relating to these vessels through the use of multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) and to evaluate the clinical utility of MDCTA tool prior to surgery.

Methods and Materials

A radiological evaluation using a MDCTA was made of the bilateral subscapular arteries and branches measuring >0.5 mm in diameter that could be sufficiently identified as vascular structures in 92 patients (44 men and 48 women) with pneumonia, pleural effusion, lung masses, or nodules for which a thoracic MDCTA was requested for the purpose of diagnosis.

Results

The mean diameter of the subscapular artery origin was 3.86 ± 0.60 mm on the left and 3.93 ± 0.62 mm on the right. The mean diameter of the circumflex scapular artery origin was 2.41 ± 0.37 mm on the left and 2.44 ± 0.39 mm on the right. The mean diameter of the thoracodorsal artery origin was 2.29 ± 0.27 mm on the left and 2.31 ± 0.29 mm on the right. Mean length of the circumflex scapular artery was 46.34 ± 9.41 mm on the left and 46.10 ± 8.81 mm on the right. Mean length of the latissimus dorsi branch of the thoracodorsal artery from the origin of the subscapular artery was 110.11 ± 17.42 mm on the left and 112.21 ± 14.60 mm on the right. Mean length of the serratus anterior branch was 124.25 ± 19.00 mm on the left and 120.84 ± 15.67 mm on the right. No differences were detected between the left and right sides or between sexes. Doubled circumflex scapular arteries were found in 4.3% of patients, and the circumflex scapular artery branched directly off the axillary artery in 3.2% of patients.

Conclusion

This study showed that MDCTA is a highly valuable, non‐invasive imaging tool for studying vascular anatomy and detecting variations in vascular structure during preoperative planning, thus enhancing surgical safety. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 35:640–644, 2015.
A critical element of the light‐induced quaternary structural changes in YtvA‐LOV
Authors: Lee Rang , Gam Jongsik , Moon Jayoung , Lee Seung‐Goo , Suh Young‐Ger , Lee Bong‐Jin , Lee Jeeyeon
Published: September 2015

YtvA, a photosensory LOV (light‐oxygen‐voltage) protein from Bacillus subtilis, exists as a dimer that previously appeared to undergo surprisingly small structural changes after light illumination compared with other light‐sensing proteins. However, we now report that light induces significant structural perturbations in a series of YtvA‐LOV domain derivatives in which the Jα helix has been truncated or replaced. Results from native gel analysis showed significant mobility changes in these derivatives after light illumination; YtvA‐LOV without the Jα helix dimerized in the dark state but existed as a monomer in the light state. The absence of the Jα helix also affected the dark regeneration kinetics and the stability of the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) binding to its binding site. Our results demonstrate an alternative way of photo‐induced signal propagation that leads to a bigger functional response through dimer/monomer conversions of the YtvA‐LOV than the local disruption of Jα helix in the As‐LOV domain.
“This is My Community”: Reproducing and Resisting Boundaries of Exclusion in Contested Public Spaces
Authors: Toolis Erin E. , Hammack Phillip L.
Published: September 2015

The way that public space is structured has significant implications for identity, social interaction, and participation in society. For those experiencing homelessness, with no or limited private space, survival hinges on the accessibility and livability of public space. However, the increasing privatization of public space in the United States has contributed to the implementation of anti‐homeless ordinances in cities, restricting sitting, standing, panhandling, and sleeping in public. This study analyzes data from interviews with housed and unhoused community members, text from a local policy document, and ethnographic observations to explore how boundaries between “insiders” and “outsiders” are drawn in public space and mediated through individual discourse. Our findings suggest that boundaries of exclusion are constructed through dominant narratives that portray the unhoused as a threat to safety and economic vitality, thus justifying the need for regulation and punishment through the criminalization of homelessness. Yet, informants also demonstrate resistance to this narrative by discussing how criminalization of homelessness perpetuates dehumanization, violence, and economic inequality. Policy implications for the regulation of public space are discussed.
Detection ofLeishmania Infantumin red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Central Greece
Authors: KARAYIANNIS STELIOS , NTAIS PANTELIS , MESSARITAKIS IPPOKRATIS , TSIRIGOTAKIS NIKOLAOS , DOKIANAKIS EMMANOUIL , ANTONIOU MARIA
Published: September 2015

This is the first record ofLeishmaniadetection in foxes in Greece. Spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow and blood samples were collected from 47 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) found dead or captured, narcotized and freed after bleeding, from November 2009 to 2011, in Fthiotida prefecture, central Greece. This is an endemic for canine leishmaniasis area with several human visceral leishmaniasis cases. The samples were tested forLeishmania infantumandLeishmania tropicaby molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism) and serology (indirect immunofluorescent antibody test; when blood samples were available).Leishmania infantumDNA was detected in 28 animals (59·5%). PCR positivity was related to animal age, sex, weight, characteristics of the area trapped, presence of leishmaniasis symptoms and presence of endo- and ecto-parasites. The results were related to dog seropositivity obtained earlier in the area. The findings support the hypothesis that this wild canid may serve as a reservoir forLeishmaniain areas where the sandfly vectors are found. In the prefectures of Larisa and Magnisia, adjacent to Fthiotida,Phlebotomus perfiliewi and Phlebotomus tobbi(known vectors ofL. infantum) have been reported.
Languages of Affection and Rationality: Household Workers' Strategies before the Tribunal of Domestic Work, Buenos Aires, 1956–2013
Authors: Pérez Inés , Canevaro Santiago
Published: September 2015

This article analyzes household workers’ discursive strategies before the Tribunal of Domestic Work (TDW) between 1956 and 2013. The TDW is an institution created in 1956 to arbitrate labor relations within domestic service in Buenos Aires. This article shows that workers’ strategies use alternatively a language of rationality and labor relations on the one hand, and of affection and family-like bonds on the other. The overlap of languages of rationality and affection persisted during the entire period under analysis. However, it did not have the same significance over time. Specific articulations of affect or rationality legitimated workers’ rights at different moments in relation to particular labor relations. Based on a close reading of more than 800 case records, the article shows that, despite the particularities of any individual cases, patterns of argument emerged, connected to changes in the world of labor and transformations in the dynamics of domestic service.
Making History through Policy: A Field Report on the International Domestic Workers Movement
Authors: Fish Jennifer N.
Published: September 2015

Paid household labor has fertilized the development of national economies, while also nourishing the capitalist labor systems that has allowed globalization to thrive. However, this transnational sector has remained historically invisible, devalued, and unprotected from national and international legislative frameworks. In 2010, the International Labor Organization (ILO) finally embraced this challenge through two years of negotiations on the world's first international convention to assure “Decent Work for Domestic Workers.” These tripartite debates set the stage for the largest inclusion of “actual workers” in policy making. The debates also mobilized the world's first international domestic workers’ movement. This report from the field highlights a distinct process whereby workers themselves played a pivotal role in the creation of international labor policy. According to International Domestic Workers Federation president Myrtle Witbooi, this “new beginning” set “a benchmark for decent work and social equality.”
From “Master” to “Loser”: Changing Working-Class Cultural Identity in Contemporary China
Authors: Li Ju
Published: September 2015

This article explores how the prolonged and erosive deindustrialization in China's struggling state-owned enterprises (SOE), an inevitable result of the neoliberal shift in industrialization policy from socialist import-substitution industrialization to globalized export-oriented industrialization, has changed workers’ perceptions of themselves and their work. Based on in-depth interviews with workers and participant observation in one enterprise—Nanfang Steel—this study describes how what it means to be a worker has changed over two generations of SOE workers. The “glorious” identity of the worker, promoted by the state during the Maoist era, and emphatically proclaimed by elder workers despite its internal limitations and contradictions, has been dismantled by the neoliberal reform and has instead metamorphosed into a newly developed and “stigma-laden” cultural identity created by contemporary hegemonic discourse and then bitterly internalized by currently employed younger workers.
Interpersonal Comparisons of the Good: Epistemic not Impossible
Authors: COAKLEY MATHEW
Published: September 2015

To evaluate the overall good/welfare of any action, policy or institutional choice we need some way of comparing the benefits and losses to those affected: we need to make interpersonal comparisons of the good/welfare. Yet sceptics have worried either: (1) that such comparisons are impossible as they involve an impossible introspection across individuals, getting ‘into their minds’; (2) that they are indeterminate as individual-level information is compatible with a range of welfare numbers; or (3) that they are metaphysically mysterious as they assume the existence either of a social mind or of absolute levels of welfare when no such things exist. This article argues that such scepticism can potentially be addressed if we view the problem of interpersonal comparisons as fundamentally an epistemic problem – that is, as a problem of forming justified beliefs about the overall good based on evidence of the individual good.
Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: a public mental health perspective
Authors: Tol W. A. , Purgato M. , Bass J. K. , Galappatti A. , Eaton W.
Published: September 2015

Aims.

To discuss the potential usefulness of a public health approach for ‘mental health and psychosocial support’ (MHPSS) interventions in humanitarian settings.

Methods.

Building on public mental health terminology in accordance with recent literature on this topic and considering existing international consensus guidelines on MHPSS interventions in humanitarian settings, this paper reflects on the relevance of the language of promotion and prevention for supporting the rationale, design and evaluation of interventions, with a particular focus on populations affected by disasters and conflicts in low- and middle-income countries.

Results.

A public mental health approach and associated terminology can form a useful framework in the design and evaluation of MHPSS interventions, and may contribute to reducing a divisive split between ‘mental health’ and ‘psychosocial’ practice in the humanitarian field. Many of the most commonly implemented MHPSS interventions in humanitarian settings can be described in terms of promotion and prevention terminology.

Conclusions.

The use of a common terminology across health, protection, education, nutrition and other relevant sectors providing humanitarian interventions has the potential to allow for integration of MHPSS activities in one overall framework, with diverse humanitarian practitioners working to achieve a common goal.
Prospective Memory, Executive Functions, and Metacognition Are Already Differentiated in Young Elementary School Children
Authors: Spiess Manuela A. , Meier Beat , Roebers Claudia M.
Published: September 2015

Abstract. This study investigated the empirical differentiation of prospective memory, executive functions, and metacognition and their structural relationships in 119 elementary school children (M = 95 months, SD = 4.8 months). These cognitive abilities share many characteristics on the theoretical level and are all highly relevant in many everyday contexts when intentions must be executed. Nevertheless, their empirical relationships have not been examined on the latent level, although an empirical approach would contribute to our knowledge concerning the differentiation of cognitive abilities during childhood. We administered a computerized event-based prospective memory task, three executive function tasks (updating, inhibition, shifting), and a metacognitive control task in the context of spelling. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the three cognitive abilities are already empirically differentiable in young elementary school children. At the same time, prospective memory and executive functions were found to be strongly related, and there was also a close link between prospective memory and metacognitive control. Furthermore, executive functions and metacognitive control were marginally significantly related. The findings are discussed within a framework of developmental differentiation and conceptual similarities and differences.
Highly multiplexed imaging of single cells using a high-throughput cyclic immunofluorescence method
Authors: Lin Jia-Ren , Fallahi-Sichani Mohammad , Sorger Peter K.
Published: September 2015

Single-cell analysis reveals aspects of cellular physiology not evident from population-based studies, particularly in the case of highly multiplexed methods such as mass cytometry (CyTOF) able to correlate the levels of multiple signalling, differentiation and cell fate markers. Immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy adds information on cell morphology and the microenvironment that are not obtained using flow-based techniques, but the multiplicity of conventional IF is limited. This has motivated development of imaging methods that require specialized instrumentation, exotic reagents or proprietary protocols that are difficult to reproduce in most laboratories. Here we report a public-domain method for achieving high multiplicity single-cell IF using cyclic immunofluorescence (CycIF), a simple and versatile procedure in which four-colour staining alternates with chemical inactivation of fluorophores to progressively build a multichannel image. Because CycIF uses standard reagents and instrumentation and is no more expensive than conventional IF, it is suitable for high-throughput assays and screening applications.
Anthropogenic debris in seafood: Plastic debris and fibers from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption
Authors: Rochman Chelsea M. , Tahir Akbar , Williams Susan L. , Baxa Dolores V. , Lam Rosalyn , Miller Jeffrey T. , Teh Foo-Ching , Werorilangi Shinta , Teh Swee J.
Published: September 2015

The ubiquity of anthropogenic debris in hundreds of species of wildlife and the toxicity of chemicals associated with it has begun to raise concerns regarding the presence of anthropogenic debris in seafood. We assessed the presence of anthropogenic debris in fishes and shellfish on sale for human consumption. We sampled from markets in Makassar, Indonesia and from California, USA. All fish and shellfish were identified to species where possible. Anthropogenic debris was extracted from the digestive tracts of fish and whole shellfish using a 10% KOH solution and quantified under a dissecting microscope. In Indonesia, anthropogenic debris was found in 28% of individual fish and in 55% of all species. Similarly, in the USA, anthropogenic debris was found in 25% of individual fish and in 67% of all species. Anthropogenic debris was also found in 33% of individual shellfish sampled. All of the anthropogenic debris recovered from fish in Indonesia was plastic, whereas anthropogenic debris recovered from fish in the USA was primarily fibers. Variations in debris types likely reflect different sources and waste management strategies between countries. We report some of the first findings of plastic debris in fishes directly sold for human consumption raising concerns regarding human health.
Translational compensation of genomic instability in neuroblastoma
Authors: Dassi Erik , Greco Valentina , Sidarovich Viktoryia , Zuccotti Paola , Arseni Natalia , Scaruffi Paola , Tonini Gian Paolo , Quattrone Alessandro
Published: September 2015

Cancer-associated gene expression imbalances are conventionally studied at the genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic levels. Given the relevance of translational control in determining cell phenotypes, we evaluated the translatome, i.e., the transcriptome engaged in translation, as a descriptor of the effects of genetic instability in cancer. We performed this evaluation in high-risk neuroblastomas, which are characterized by a low frequency of point mutations or known cancer-driving genes and by the presence of several segmental chromosomal aberrations that produce gene-copy imbalances that guide aggressiveness. We thus integrated genome, transcriptome, translatome and miRome profiles in a representative panel of high-risk neuroblastoma cell lines. We identified a number of genes whose genomic imbalance was corrected by compensatory adaptations in translational efficiency. The transcriptomic level of these genes was predictive of poor prognosis in more than half of cases and the genomic imbalances found in their loci were shared by 27 other tumor types. This homeostatic process is also not limited to copy number-altered genes, as we showed the translational stoichiometric rebalance of histone genes. We suggest that the translational buffering of fluctuations in these dose-sensitive transcripts is a potential driving process of neuroblastoma evolution.
A mouse model replicating hippocampal sparing cranial irradiation in humans: A tool for identifying new strategies to limit neurocognitive decline
Authors: Tomé Wolfgang A. , Gökhan Şölen , Brodin N. Patrik , Gulinello Maria E. , Heard John , Mehler Mark F. , Guha Chandan
Published: September 2015

Cancer patients undergoing cranial irradiation are at risk of developing neurocognitive impairments. Recent evidence suggests that radiation-induced injury to the hippocampi could play an important role in this cognitive decline. As a tool for studying the mechanisms of hippocampal-dependent cognitive decline, we developed a mouse model replicating the results of the recent clinical RTOG 0933 study of hippocampal sparing whole-brain irradiation. We irradiated 16-week-old female C57BL/6J mice to a single dose of 10 Gy using either whole-brain irradiation (WBRT) or hippocampal sparing irradiation (HSI). These animals, as well as sham-irradiated controls, were subjected to behavioral/cognitive assessments distinguishing between hippocampal-dependent and hippocampal-independent functions. Irradiation was well tolerated by all animals and only limited cell death of proliferating cells was found within the generative zones. Animals exposed to WBRT showed significant deficits compared to sham-irradiated controls in the hippocampal-dependent behavioral task. In contrast, HSI mice did not perform significantly different from sham-irradiated mice (control group) and performed significantly better when compared to WBRT mice. This is consistent with the results from the RTOG 0933 clinical trial and as such this animal model could prove a helpful tool for exploring new strategies for mitigating cognitive decline in cancer patients receiving cranial irradiation.
Enhanced nematicidal potential of the chitinase pachi from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in association with Cry21Aa
Authors: Chen Lin , Jiang Huang , Cheng Qipeng , Chen Junpeng , Wu Gaobing , Kumar Ashok , Sun Ming , Liu Ziduo
Published: September 2015

Nematodes are known to be harmful to various crops, vegetables, plants and insects. The present study reports that, chitin upregulates the activity of chitinase (20%) and nematicidal potential (15%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The chitinase gene (pachi) from P. aeruginosa was cloned and its nematicidal activity of pachi protein against Caenorhabditis elegans was studied. The mortality rate induced by pachi increased by 6.3-fold when in association with Cry21Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis. Pachi efficiently killed C. elegans in its native state (LC50 = 387.3 ± 31.7 μg/ml), as well as in association with Cry21Aa (LC50 = 30.9 ± 4.1 μg/ml), by degrading the cuticle, egg shell and intestine in a relatively short time period of 24 h. To explore the nematidal potential of chitinase, six fusion proteins were constructed using gene engineering techniques. The CHACry showed higher activity against C. elegans than others owing to its high solubility. Notably, the CHACry showed a synergistic factor of 4.1 versus 3.5 a mixture [1:1] of pachi and Cry21Aa. The present study has identified eco-friendly biological routes (e.g., mixed proteins, fusion proteins) with potent nematicidal activity, which not only can help to prevent major crop losses but also strengthen the agro-economy and increase gross crop yield.