bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘The Ethics of Attention to Language’ Introducing Conceptual Injustice
Authors: Braune Camille
Published: July 2024

What is conceptual injustice, and how can it supplement hermeneutical injustice? By bringing feminist epistemology, in particular Miranda Fricker’s notion of hermeneutical injustice, into dialogue with conceptual ethics and conceptual engineering, this article sheds light on what conceptual injustice is and how it can supplement hermeneutical injustice. What needs to be understood is how concepts can be advantageous to some and disadvantageous to others. For this, I propose approaching language in its relationship with ethics: something I call the ethics of attention to language. By combining a Wittgenstein-Murdochian approach to concepts with the ethics of attention, I try to demonstrate how an ethics of attention to language can counter cognitive disabilities or forms of cognitive blockages constituting experiences of oppression and how it can be an antidote to conceptual injustice. I argue that this ethics of attention to language can be especially beneficial to feminism.
Mechanochemical synthesis of (Mg1−x
Fe
x
)2SiO4 olivine phases relevant to Martian regolith: structural and spectroscopic characterizations
Authors: Jundullah Hanafi Md. Izzuddin , Murshed M. Mangir , Robben Lars , Gesing Thorsten M.
Published: July 2024

To fabricate metals from the base materials for future Mars exploration, synthesis of representative olivine phases and their structural and spectroscopic characterizations are of crucial importance. Using mechanochemical technique that mimics the mechanical weathering, a complete solid solution of (Mg1−x
Fe
x
)2SiO4 has been synthesized to investigate the associated crystal chemical properties. X-ray powder diffraction data Rietveld analysis confirms that each polycrystalline sample crystallizes in space group Pbnm. The average crystallite size ranges between 80(1) nm and 223(4) nm. Each lattice parameter increases with increasing Fe-content due to the larger Fe2+ radius than that of Mg2+, following Vegard’s rule. For a given nominal chemical composition, substitution of Mg with Fe at the M1-site (4a: 0,0,0) is preferred to the M2-site (4c: x,y,¼). As a consequence, the average Fe-content lies slightly below the equivalence line for x = 0.2–0.8, indicating that the Fe/Mg ratio in the amorphous scattering content is most likely greater than unity. Characteristic Raman spectral features of the olivines have been explained in terms of the chemical composition (x). Simple regression models are demonstrated based on both X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic data for the calculation of Mg/Fe in olivines. Diffuse reflectance UV/Vis spectra RATD analysis shows each olivine phase possesses direct band-gap between 3.38(3) eV and 4.90(3) eV. This study could keep valuable information to relevant databases for future human missions on Mars, in particular, for precise estimation of the representative olivines from the remote X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic data.
Effects of Shoulder Corrective Training Program on Pitching Loads and Sonographic Morphology in Elbow Joint in Youth Baseball Players
Authors: Chen Po-Tsun , Lin Yu-Chun , Chang Hsiao-Yun , Chiu Chih-Hao , Chen Cheng-Yu , Chen Poyu , Lin Yang-Hua
Published: July 2024

Chen, P-T, Lin, Y-C, Chang, H-Y, Chiu, C-H, Chen, C-Y, Chen, P, and Lin, Y-H. Effects of shoulder corrective training program on pitching loads and sonographic morphology in elbow joint in youth baseball players. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): e440–e447, 2024—We assessed the effects of a 12-week shoulder corrective training program for shoulder flexibility and strengthening on pitching loads and sonographic morphology of the elbow joints in youth baseball players. Seventeen subjects were recruited and underwent evaluations before and after the training program. We found that following training, subjects demonstrated significantly increased ranges of shoulder internal rotation (38.9 ± 12.9° vs. 69.2 ± 10.8°, p < 0.001), external rotation (91.2 ± 14.6° vs. 107.3 ± 9.5°, p = 0.004), and horizontal adduction (21.5 ± 8.0° vs. 32.7 ± 7.3°, p = 0.002); improved strength in the shoulder internal rotators (8.7 ± 1.6 kg vs. 9.8 ± 2.1 kg, p = 0.04), external rotators (6.5 ± 1.9 kg vs. 7.5 ± 2.8 kg, p = 0.04), middle trapezius (12.7 ± 2.1 kg vs. 14.3 ± 2.4 kg, p = 0.04), and middle deltoid muscles (10.8 ± 3.3 kg vs. 14.8 ± 3.2 kg, p = 0.001); and decreased thickness of the ulnar collateral ligament (6.1 ± 0.6 mm vs. 4.8 ± 0.7 mm, p = 0.002). Although there was no substantial change in elbow torque and arm speed, significantly increased ball speed (51.2 ± 4.6 mph vs. 54.1 ± 4.5 mph, p < 0.001) and decreased arm slot (63.8 ± 11.9° vs. 53.0 ± 12.7°, p = 0.02) were observed. We suggest that adequate corrective training should be performed regularly to minimize or mitigate adverse soft tissue changes at the elbow in youth baseball players. Balanced shoulder strength and flexibility may decrease medial elbow stress during pitching. Future studies should consider the kinetic and kinematic effects of other corrective training programs on the shoulder or elbow joint during pitching.
Individuals Can be Taught to Sense the Degree of Vascular Occlusion: Implications for Practical Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Song Jun Seob , Hammert William B. , Kataoka Ryo , Yamada Yujiro , Kang Anna , Loenneke Jeremy P.
Published: July 2024

Song, JS, Hammert, WB, Kataoka, R, Yamada, Y, Kang, A, and Loenneke, JP. Individuals can be taught to sense the degree of vascular occlusion: Implications for practical blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): 1413–1418, 2024—It is currently unknown if individuals can be conditioned to a relative arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) and replicate that pressure at a later time point. The purpose of this study was to determine whether individuals can be taught to sense a certain relative pressure (i.e., target pressure) by comparing a conditioning method with a time-matched non-conditioning control. Fifty-eight subjects completed 2 visits in a randomized order: (a) conditioning condition and (b) time-matched control condition. The conditioning involved 11 series of inflations to 40% AOP for 12 seconds followed by cuff deflation for 22 seconds. The pressure estimations were taken at 5 and 30 minutes after each condition. Data are presented as mean differences (95% credible interval). The absolute error at 5 minutes was greater for the control compared with conditioning condition (7.1 [2.0–12.1] mm Hg). However, this difference in absolute error between conditioning and control was reduced at 30 minutes (2.9 [−1.3 to 7.1] mm Hg). The mean difference and 95% limits of agreement for the control were 8.2 (−42.4 to 58.5) mm Hg at 5 minutes and 0.02 (−43.5 to 43.5) at 30 minutes. The agreements for the conditioning were −6.2 (−32.4 to 20.0) mm Hg at 5 minutes and −11.2 (−36.6 to 14.3) mm Hg at 30 minutes. The results suggest that the individuals can be taught to sense the target pressure, but this effect only lasts a short amount of time. Future work is necessary to refine the conditioning method to extend the duration of this conditioning effect.
Contribution of Physical Characteristics to Game Performance in Male Wheelchair Basketball Athletes at the Tokyo Paralympic Games
Authors: Snyder Leanne , Goods Paul S.R. , Peeling Peter , Balloch Aaron , Peiffer Jeremiah J. , Binnie Martyn J. , Scott Brendan R.
Published: July 2024

Snyder, L, Goods, PSR, Peeling, P, Balloch, A, Peiffer, JJ, Binnie, MJ, and Scott, BR. Contribution of physical characteristics to game performance in male wheelchair basketball athletes at the Tokyo Paralympic Games. J Strength Cond Res 38(10): e579–e586, 2024—This investigation explored the physical characteristics of elite male wheelchair basketball (WCB) athletes and their association with game performance during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games. Sixteen male athletes from the Australian national WCB squad were assessed for anthropometrics, speed, change of direction, aerobic power, and upper-body power during a training camp before the 2020 Paralympic Games. Athletes were grouped according to the International Wheelchair Basketball Federation disability classification system (1.0–4.5) as low- (≤2.5, more severe impairments) or high-point (≥3.0, less severe impairments) athletes. Physical and performance characteristics between groups were compared using independent-samples t-tests, and their relationship to game statistics (points, rebounds, assists, and steals) per minute played was explored through stepwise regression. High-point athletes were 13% taller (p = 0.001), 4–9% faster (p < 0.001–0.017), and demonstrated superior change of direction ability (15%, p < 0.001) compared with low-point athletes. Approximately 74% of the variance in points scored per minute was accounted for by athlete classification, whereas the most important modifiable physical characteristic was speed, which contributed significantly to steals (54% of variance) and assists (96% of variance when arm span and sitting reach height were also considered). Low-point athletes with spinal cord injuries generally have impaired trunk control, which is a likely explanation for performance differences between groups. A range of nonmodifiable (classification, sitting reach height, and arm span) and modifiable (speed) physical characteristics contribute to game performance outcomes and should therefore be considered when identifying, developing, and selecting WCB athletes for elite competition.
The Development of Normative Fitness Data and Analyzing the Relationships Between 20MSFT and 2.4-km Run Performance in Australian Police Recruits
Authors: Campbell Patrick , Maupin Danny , Lockie Robert G. , Dawes J. Jay , Simas Vinicius , Canetti Elisa , Schram Ben , Orr Robin
Published: July 2024

Campbell, P, Maupin, D, Lockie, RG, Dawes, JJ, Simas, V, Canetti, E, Schram, B, and Orr, R. The development of normative fitness data and analyzing the relationships between 20MSFT and 2.4-km run performance in Australian police recruits.J Strength Cond ResXX(X): 000–000, 2024—Aerobic fitness testing plays a significant role in the academy training of law enforcement recruits. There is a lack of normative data for law enforcement recruits and substantial interchangeability for choice of field-based aerobic tests. Therefore, this study aimed to develop normative percentile rankings for the 20-m multistage fitness tests (20MSFT) and 2.4-km run specific to law enforcement recruits; and to analyze the relationship between the 2 tests by linear regression. Data from 5 cohorts of law enforcement recruits completing 20MSFT (n= 1,536) and 2.4-km run (n= 1,499) testing during basic training at an Australian Police Academy were retrospectively analyzed. Percentile ranks were calculated (20th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 80th, and 99th) based on the number of shuttles completed and time (seconds) to complete the 2.4-km run. Results were split by sex and age (i.e., <20 years, 20–29 years, 30–39 years, and 40–49 years). Linear regression analyzed the relationship between the 20MSFT to the 2.4-km run (using both seconds and km·h−1), producing predictive equations to translate scores between the 2 assessments. These data presented the first detailed normative values by age and sex for Australian law enforcement recruits. Furthermore, the results demonstrated regression models could explain 65–74% of the variance observed (r2= 0.649–0.741) between 20MSFT performance and 2.4-km run performance. This study's findings allow for normative performance for the purpose of benchmarking fitness, setting performance goal, and rehabilitation from injury. In addition, a valid conversion through a linear regression affords cross-agency comparisons and temporal changes in test selection/recruit cohorts.
Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Adequacy in Powerlifters
Authors: Leonhardt Taylor P. M. , Chilibeck Philip D. , Ko Jongbum , Zello Gordon A.
Published: July 2024

Leonhardt, TPM, Chilibeck, PD, Ko, J, and Zello, GA. Nutrition knowledge and dietary adequacy in powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—Athletes competing in weight categories (e.g., powerlifters) often restrict food intake approaching competition, which may be detrimental to health and performance. Our purpose was to assess the effect of nutrition knowledge, sex, and time (off-season versus precompetition, when athletes often cut weight) on dietary adequacy in powerlifters. Twenty-three powerlifters (10 females; 30.7 ± 11.2 years) completed questionnaires to assess nutrition knowledge and dietary adequacy. Athletes with higher nutrition knowledge consumed more fruits and nuts and less vitamin B2, B3 across all time points (p < 0.05) and a greater number (73%) were above the recommended dietary allowance for vitamin D compared with athletes with lower nutrition knowledge (50%) (p < 0.05). Male powerlifters with higher nutrition knowledge consumed less alcohol and vitamin A than male powerlifters with lower nutrition knowledge (p < 0.05). Female powerlifters with higher nutrition knowledge consumed less sugar and beverage calories than female powerlifters with lower nutrition knowledge (p < 0.05). Intake of alcohol and carbohydrate decreased, and meat calories increased from off-season to precompetition (p < 0.05). Male powerlifters increased B-vitamins, whereas female powerlifters decreased B-vitamin and sugar consumption approaching competition (p < 0.05). Male powerlifters increased water consumption versus female powerlifters approaching competition (sex × time, p < 0.05). There was no effect of nutrition knowledge on dietary changes approaching competition. Nutrition knowledge, sex, and competitive season affect dietary intake of powerlifters. A higher nutrition knowledge predicts a higher intake of some foods and nutrients important for health and performance. Female powerlifters should pay close attention to the intake of B-vitamins and water before competitions when many are trying to cut weight.
LITERATURA AFRO-BRASILEIRA E AFRICANA PARA A INFÂNCIA: QUE HISTÓRIAS SE DÃO A CONTAR-PRATICAR NA ESCOLA?
Authors: Bispo Carla Fernanda Brito , Lins Heloísa A. Matos
Published: July 2024

O artigo discute a literatura para a infância numa perspectiva antirracista e decolonial, concebendo a discursividade direcionada ao público infantil como (des) intensificadora dos direitos (não/) humanos e dos direitos das crianças (não) universalistas, a partir de uma cartografia em escola pública do Ensino Fundamental. Com o aporte deleuzo-guattariano, os dados foram produzidos por meio de observação cotidiana - registrada em diário de campo - e de conversas com cinco professoras (negras e brancas) e oito crianças (negras e brancas). De modo geral, verificou-se que o trabalho com a literatura infantil - que tratou da temática negra/ afro-brasileira e africana - desenvolveu-se de formas variadas e com objetivos distintos, na atuação de cada docente. Nesse contexto, destacaram-se duas tendências nas práticas pedagógicas com as obras literárias: a) promover a valorização da identidade negra e b) abordar determinados conteúdos como “aplicação” ao currículo escolar. Os principais resultados foram evidenciados a partir da problematização de algumas escolhas literárias que são aqui apresentadas e evidenciam uma representação estereotipada dos personagens negros no enredo e ilustrações, em alguns casos. Diante desse cotidiano analisado, a pesquisa enfatizou a necessidade de ações formativas que subsidiem a prática pedagógica com a literatura infantil, na perspectiva de uma educação antirracista, e também remete à urgência de uma produção literária interseccional que busque romper, de fato, com os preconceitos, privilégios e horrores de nossa sociedade, destacadamente os engendrados pelo racismo.
Influence of open ocean biogeochemistry on aerosol and clouds: Recent findings and perspectives
Authors: Sellegri Karine , Simó Rafel , Wang Bingbing , Alpert Peter A. , Altieri Katye , Burrows Susannah , Hopkins Frances E. , Koren Ilan , McCoy Isabel L. , Ovadnevaite Jurgita , Salter Matthew , Schmale Julia
Published: July 2024

Aerosols and clouds are key components of the marine atmosphere, impacting the Earth’s radiative budget with a net cooling effect over the industrial era that counterbalances greenhouse gas warming, yet with an uncertain amplitude. Here we report recent advances in our understanding of how open ocean aerosol sources are modulated by ocean biogeochemistry and how they, in turn, shape cloud coverage and properties. We organize these findings in successive steps from ocean biogeochemical processes to particle formation by nucleation and sea spray emissions, further particle growth by condensation of gases, the potential to act as cloud condensation nuclei or ice nucleating particles, and finally, their effects on cloud formation, optical properties, and life cycle. We discuss how these processes may be impacted in a warming climate and the potential for ocean biogeochemistry—climate feedbacks through aerosols and clouds.
IMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Evidence for reproductive health effects following exposure to hydraulic fracturing chemical mixtures
Authors: Siegel Kyle R , Bérubé Roxanne , Day Matthew , Heldman Samantha , Daley Coreen , Murray Brooklynn R , Hecht Rachelle , Caron-Beaudoin Élyse , Kassotis Christopher D
Published: July 2024

In Brief

Unconventional oil and natural gas (UOG) operations, particularly hydraulic fracturing, have revolutionized oil and gas production, using and containing complex mixtures of chemicals that may impact reproductive health. While there is growing evidence for effects on births in hydraulic fracturing/UOG regions and good mechanistic evidence for potential reproductive toxicity, there is much research still needed to make firm conclusions about these practices and reproductive health.

Unconventional oil and natural gas (UOG) operations have emerged over the last four decades to transform oil and gas production in the United States and globally by unlocking previously inaccessible hydrocarbon deposits. UOG development utilizes many compounds associated with conventional oil and gas, as well as some specific to UOG extraction, particularly during hydraulic fracturing (HF). While research is increasing on UOG chemicals and their mixtures, this review discusses the current evidence for reproductive toxicity following exposures to UOG/HF mixtures. These complex chemical mixtures have been demonstrated to interact with numerous mechanisms known to influence reproductive health. A growing number of environmental and controlled laboratory testing studies have reported adverse reproductive health effects in animals exposed to various UOG chemical mixtures. An expanding body of epidemiological literature has assessed adverse birth outcomes, although none has directly examined reproductive measures such as time to pregnancy, semen quality, and other direct measures of fertility. The existing literature provides moderate evidence for decreased birth weights, increased risk of small for gestational age and/or preterm birth, increased congenital abnormalities, and increased infant mortality, though importantly, studies are widely variable in methods used. Most studies utilized distance from UOG operations as an exposure proxy and did not measure actual chemical exposures experienced by those living near these operations. As such, while there is growing evidence for effects on births in these regions and good mechanistic evidence for potential reproductive toxicity, there is much research still needed to make firm conclusions about UOG development and reproductive health.
Development of a deep-learning model for detecting positive tubules during sperm recovery for nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Takeshima Teppei , Karibe Jurii , Kuroda Shinnosuke , Yumura Yasushi
Published: July 2024

To enhance surgical testicular sperm retrieval outcome for men with nonobstructive azoospermia, a deep-learning model was developed to identify positive seminiferous tubules by labeling 110 images with sperm-containing tubules sampled during microdissection testicular sperm extraction as training and validation data. After training, the model achieved an average precision of 0.60.
Increasing the Accuracy of Determining the Cardiothoracic Ratio with the Help of an Ensemble of Neural Networks
Authors:   Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NAS of Ukraine, Koniukhov Vladyslav D. , Ugrimov Serhii V. ,   Anatolii Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NAS of Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The cardiothoracic ratio is one of the main screening tools for heart health. Cardiothoracic ratio is usually measured manually by a cardiologist or radiologist. In the era of neural networks, which are currently developing very rapidly, we can help doctors automate and improve this process. The use of deep learning for image segmentation has proven itself as a tool that can significantly accelerate and improve the process of medical automation. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the use of several neural networks for the segmentation of the lungs and heart on X-ray images was carried out for further improvement of the automatic calculation of the cardiothoracic ratio. Using a sample of 10 test images, manual cardiothoracic ratio measurements and 7 automatic measurement options were performed. The average accuracy of the measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio of the best of the two neural networks is 93.80%, and the method that used the ensemble of networks obtained a result of 97.15%, with the help of the ensemble of neural networks it was possible to improve the ratio determination by 3.35%. The obtained results indicate that thanks to the use of an ensemble of neural networks, it was possible to improve the result of automatic measurement, and also testify to the effectiveness and prospects of using this method in the medical field.
Centro de Confinamiento del Terrorismo
Authors: Castillo Gómez Francisco José
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación presenta un análisis del Centro de Confinamiento del Terrorismo (CECOT), en El Salvador, desde las coordenadas de la filosofía, la tecnología, el espacio y la arquitectura. En primera instancia, se exploran algunas nociones relevantes en la comprensión de la pena de prisión en el transcurso de la historia en Occidente. En un segundo momento, se analiza la relación entre la arquitectura y la conceptualización, tanto del centro carcelario como de las personas presas. Asimismo, se plantearán algunos elementos de reflexión en torno a la relación entre espacialidad y corporalidad en el contexto de la prisión.
Ensayo brassieriano sobre ruido: anti-estética del noise, normatividad negativa y metafísica de la extinción
Authors: Bonilla Pereira Jason Andrey
Published: July 2024

El ruido pone a prueba supuestos filosóficos, pues contiene, según Ray Brassier, en su ensayo Genre Is Obsolete (2007), una función epistémica subversiva. En específico, confronta la disociación en la pérdida de realidad colectiva entre el entendimiento y la sensibilidad, en cuanto facultades kantianas del conocimiento, con su ampliación en la cultura y la ciencia. Este artículo se divide en dos secciones: la primera aborda los límites de una estética del ruido, explorando una conceptualización fallida basada ilegítimamente en la heterogeneidad y el correlacionismo, así como su falso vínculo con el capital; la segunda parte propone una reconsideración del ruido como epistemología, mediante una transgresión desde la cibernética, la teoría de la información y el materialismo especulativo, criticando una idea ciega de la filosofía moderna.
Impacto de Don Claudio Gutiérrez en mi formación académica
Authors: Coronado Céspedes Guillermo
Published: July 2024

La presente contribución es la carta de un estudiante a su profesor, una transcripción cariñosa de agradecimiento. Don Claudio Gutiérrez Carranza se presenta, a través de la memoria, como más que un docente. El autor hace un recorrido por textos, corrientes filosóficas, locaciones geográficas y anécdotas para dar cuenta de su relación con uno de los pensadores más importantes del pensamiento filosófico costarricense.
Aquello que no es: filosofía como entrelazamiento entre verdad y negatividad
Authors: Brassier Ray , Bonilla Pereira Jason Andrey
Published: July 2024

La dialéctica de Platón sobre la esencia y la apariencia no constituye una metafísica de dos mundos, el fenómeno y el noúmeno, sino más bien un dualismo formal entre la Idea (eidos) y el cuerpo (soma). Este dualismo formal proporciona la condición necesaria para el monismo materialista. Al romper la prohibición de Parménides de pensar en lo que no es, Platón suspende la igualdad entre pensar y ser, separando la sustancia de la Idea. Concomitante con la metafísica de la negación de Platón, hay una cierta negación de la metafísica entendida como una iteración tautológica de la equivalencia pensar = ser. Al reconocer que lo que no es, de alguna manera es, también estamos obligados a reconocer que lo que es, de alguna manera no es. Por otro lado, esas formas de materialismo metafísico que niegan el no-ser consagran involuntariamente la fusión idealista del pensamiento con el ser. Así, la exposición de Platón sobre el entrelazamiento del ser y el no-ser en el pensamiento acerca de lo que es, contiene una respuesta instructiva para aquellos sofistas contemporáneos que niegan la norma de la verdad para afirmar la inmanencia del ser.
Factors related to the level of personality functioning and implications for the mental health care system in Poland
Authors: Zajenkowska Anna , Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz Katarzyna , Włodarska Anna , Chrzczonowicz-Stępień Agnieszka , Nowakowska Iwona , Cieciuch Jan , Topolewska-Siedzik Ewa , Niezgoda Ewa
Published: July 2024

Introduction and objective: The data regarding personality disorders is ambiguous; it is estimated that their prevalence may range from 6% to 30%. In Poland, there is a lack of up-to-date and precise data on the occurrence of personality disorders, partly due to diagnostic difficulties. Currently implemented classifications of mental disorders take into account the dimensional nature of personality disorders. The project reported on below is based on the dimensional approach and has three main objectives. Firstly, it aims to determine the possibility of distinguishing groups that present different levels of personality functioning. Secondly, it seeks to analyse differences between the identified groups in terms of socio-demographic variables, experiences related to the treatment of mental health disorders, traumatic experiences in childhood and adolescence, as well as self-harm and suicidal behaviours throughout life. The third goal is to present a practitioner’s perspective on the treatment of individuals with personality difficulties and disorders depending on their severity. Materials and methods: The study was conducted by a research panel (N = 1,030; representative sample). The level of personality functioning was measured using the self-report Level of Personality Functioning Scale–Brief Form 2.0 according to DSM-5 (LPFS-BF 2.0). Results: The results indicated the possibility of distinguishing three groups presenting different levels of personality functioning. These groups differed significantly in variables including age, gender, education, size of place of residence, depressive/anxiety symptoms, and history of traumatic experiences. Conclusions: The findings of the study may have significant implications for the development of effective mental health prevention strategies and tailored medical care for individuals with personality difficulties and disorders.
Naked mole-rat macrophage polarization
Authors: Gorshkova E. A. , Purtova S. K. , Dvorianinova E. M. , Vyssokikh M. Yu. , Nedospasov S. A.
Published: July 2024

The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a unique long-lived rodent with low cancer incidence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that NMR evolved to control aging and tumorigenesis is important for biomedicine. It is commonly accepted that the immune system has essential functions in the tumor growth control in animals. In-depth study of the NMR immune system has recently begun, thus peculiarities of antitumor response in these animals remain undiscovered. However, it was shown that myelopoiesis predominates in NMR, therefore it can be assumed that the innate immune cells in the naked mole rat contribute to the successful control of the cancer incidence and tumor growth. This brief provides an overview of ongoing research into the properties of naked mole rat macrophages. Recent study shown that naked mole rat peritoneal macrophages are capable of acquiring an inflammatory phenotype (M1) but polarization into an anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2) under standard stimulus is limited. A more in-depth study using transcriptome sequencing and immunometabolic profiling in novel in vitro model of naked mole rat bone marrow macrophages suggested by our group revealed non-canonical features of M1 as well as M2 phenotypes of naked mole rat macrophages, which can be associated with the evolutionary adaptation of the species. Continued study of the different polarization conditions of naked mole rat macrophages is important to determine unique adaptations in NMR antitumor immunity.
A TWO-FOLD CAPTURE OF COORDINATED EVADERS IN THE PROBLEM OF A SIMPLE PURSUIT ON TIME SCALES
Authors: Mozhegova Elena S. , Petrov Nikolai N.
Published: July 2024

In finite-dimensional Euclidean space, we study the problem of a simple pursuit of two evaders by a group of pursuers in a given time scale.It is assumed that the evaders use the same control and do not move out of a convex polyhedral set. The pursuers use counterstrategies based on information on the initial positions and on the prehistory of the control of evaders. The set of admissible controls of each of the participants is a sphere of unit radius with its center at the origin, and the goal sets are the origin. The goal of the group of pursuers is the capture of at least one evader by two pursuers. In terms of the initial positions and parameters of the game, a sufficient condition for capture is obtained. The study is based on the method of resolving functions, which makes it possible to obtain sufficient conditions for solvability of the pursuit problem in some guaranteed time.
Empreendedorismo, crise e reprodução do capital: mediações histórico-concretas
Authors: Lima Fabiana Alcântara
Published: July 2024

Resumo: Este artigo se propõe discutir as mediações histórico-concretas do empreendedorismo e a sua relação com o Serviço Social brasileiro, tendo como fio condutor a teoria marxiana da crise. Argumentamos que o incentivo ideopolítico ao empreendedorismo tem vínculo estrutural com a precarização do trabalho, potencializada no cenário da crise contemporânea, sob hegemonia rentista. Essa tendência se manifesta na esfera da reprodução do capital e, de modo inequívoco, nas instituições e nos espaços sócio-ocupacionais onde atuam as(os) assistentes sociais.
A snapshot of a representative Brazilian state of illegal mining in indigenous areas during the era of malaria elimination
Authors: Barros Jacqueline de Aguiar , Granja Fabiana , Silva Daniel da Silva e , Citó Arthur Camurça , Peterka Cássio , Ferreira-da-Cruz Maria de Fátima
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Malaria is a public health problem and the cases diagnosed in the capital of Roraima, Brazil, show potential to characterize the burden of the disease in the state. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of malaria cases diagnosed in Boa Vista. For this purpose, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in two health units in the city, with individuals diagnosed and who agreed to respond the questionnaire. Of the total of 206 participants, characterized as men, mixed-race, and young, 96% (198) reported participating in illegal mining activity. Among the group of miners, 66% (131) came from other states of Brazil or other countries. The mines were mainly located in the Yanomami territory in Roraima. Plasmodium vivax infection occurred in 74% (153) of participants. In the miner’s group, hospitalizations for severe malaria, previous malaria attacks, and delays in treatment after the onset of symptoms were reported. Although 73% (145) of miners reported knowing how malaria was transmitted, only 54% (107) used mosquito nets or repellents. The use of Artecom and chloroquine by miners is not for the complete treatment but only to relieve symptoms for returning to gold mines, highlighting the importance of molecular surveillance to antimalarial resistance. Indigenous peoples are considered vulnerable to malaria and miners promotes the increase of malaria in Roraima Indigenous Lands. Therefore, access to diagnosis and treatment in Indigenous areas invaded by miners is imperative to confront this disease that ravages Indigenous communities and threatens public health on a large scale to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria in the state.
Family Connections: Results of the first application of the Program in Brazil
Authors: Barban Marilia , Weydmann Gibson , Guimarães Beatriz Passos , Macchione Ana Carolina Seneviva , Leonardi Jan Luiz
Published: July 2024

Abstract The Family Connections Program is an alternative for improving family relationships, depressive symptoms and overwhelmed feelings in family members of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Twenty family members of individuals diagnosed with BPD participated in the study. The effect of the program was evaluated on the family members and, indirectly, on the respective relatives with BPD. Quality of life, psychopathological symptoms, emotional dysregulation, burden, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, quality of family relationship and family resilience were applied pre and post-intervention and three months after the ending of the program. As a significant result, there was a reduction in objective burden (p = 0.006) in family members who participated in the program and improvement in family resilience according to diagnosed relatives (p = 0.041). It was concluded that although the program was effective for the study participants in some aspects, it is necessary a cultural adaptation of the protocol.
Marcadores de consumo de alimentos cariogênicos e cárie dentária em pré-escolares
Authors: Costa Maria Dalla , Chapanski Vanessa da Rocha , Höfelmann Doroteia Aparecida , Fraiz Fabian Calixto
Published: July 2024

Resumo Introdução: Embora a utilização de Marcadores de Consumo Alimentar esteja prevista na atenção primária à saúde, seu uso pelas equipes de saúde bucal ainda é incipiente. Objetivo: Analisar a associação do consumo de alimentos cariogênicos, avaliado através de marcadores do consumo alimentar, com a ocorrência de cárie dentária não tratada em pré-escolares. Método: Envolveu 432 crianças (18-36 meses) em uma amostra representativa dos Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil (São José dos Pinhais-PR). Os pais/responsáveis responderam um questionário socioeconômico e demográfico, e as crianças foram avaliadas por examinadora calibrada (Kappa=0,80). O consumo de alimentos cariogênicos foi mensurado através do instrumento Marcadores de Consumo Alimentar (Ministério da Saúde; Brasil). O escore de consumo de alimentos cariogênicos (EAC) foi obtido pela soma de relatos de consumo de alimentos com açúcar livre. Resultados: A prevalência de cárie dentária não tratada foi 21% (IC95% 17–24). Na regressão múltipla de Poisson com variância robusta, a maior prevalência de cárie dentária não tratada foi associada ao maior EAC (RPa=1,16; IC95% 1,01–1,34; p=0,035), a maior idade das crianças (RPa=1,05; IC95% 1.01–1.10; p=0,021) e inversamente a maior escolaridade dos responsáveis (RPa=0,62; IC95% 0,42–0,92; p=0,017). Conclusão: O consumo de alimentos cariogênicos, medido através do Marcadores de Consumo Alimentar, foi associado com uma maior prevalência de cárie dentária não tratada em pré-escolares.
HPV-positive women living in isolated areas in Amazonas, Brazil: Clinical–epidemiological profile and cytological findings
Authors: Mariño Josiane Montanho , Rocha Danielle Albuquerque Pires , Reis Renato dos Santos , Souza Marly Gomes de , Soares Silvia Caroline Camargo , Portugal Jéssica Caroline Alves , Reis Marcelo Henrique dos , Levi José Eduardo , Silva Kátia Luz Torres
Published: July 2024

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is associated with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and it causes about 265,000 deaths per year worldwide, thus becoming an important public health problem. Objective: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile, clinical history, and cytological findings of 55 women infected with HPV living in remote areas in Amazonas, Brazil. Method: The samples were obtained by self-collection using the Rovers® Evalyn® Brush for HPV detection through PCR. The cytological examination was performed by liquid-based cytology. Results: The mean age of participants was 35 years (SD=14). Most of the women presented low or no schooling (52.7%), lived in stable relationship with a partner (74.5%), and had three to five children (32.7%). Inconsistent use of condoms by most of the participants (“never” — 34.5% and “sometimes” — 41.8%) was observed. Cytopathological examinations showed that 14 (25.4%) women had cytological alterations: 7 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (50.0%), 5 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (35.7%), and 2 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (14.3%). Conclusion: As cervical lesions have been caused by persistent HPV infection over the years, CC Prevention Programs use effective strategies to follow up on HPV-positive women living in remote areas.
Desafíos de la cultura de seguridad en Centro Quirúrgico: estudio de métodos mixtos
Authors: Oliveira Junior Nery José de , Riboldi Caren de Oliveira , Lourenção Daniela Campos de Andrade , Poveda Vanessa de Brito , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Magalhães Ana Maria Müller de
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analizar las actitudes de seguridad de los profesionales de la salud y de áreas de apoyo que trabajan en el Centro Quirúrgico. Método: estudio explicativo secuencial de métodos mixtos. La etapa cuantitativa abarcó a 172 profesionales de la salud y de apoyo en ocho Centros Quirúrgicos de un complejo hospitalario. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Actitudes de Seguridad/Centro Quirúrgico. En la etapa cualitativa posterior, participaron del Grupo Focal 16 profesionales. Se utilizaron métodos fotográficos desde la perspectiva del pensamiento ecológico y restaurativo, y el análisis de datos se produjo de manera integrada, por medio de conexión. Resultados: el puntaje general, por grupo de Centros Quirúrgicos, con base en los dominios del Cuestionario de Actitudes de Seguridad/Centro Quirúrgico, revela una percepción favorable del clima de seguridad, con énfasis en los dominios Percepción del Estrés, Comunicación en el Ambiente Quirúrgico, Clima de Seguridad y Percepción del Desempeño Profesional. El análisis global del dominio Comunicación y Colaboración entre Equipos parece positivo y está corroborado por datos de la etapa cualitativa, que resalta la importancia de la interacción y de la comunicación entre los equipos de salud como fundamentales para el trabajo diario. Conclusión: la percepción de las actitudes de seguridad entre los profesionales de la salud y de apoyo fue positiva. Se destaca la percepción del equipo de enfermería como más cercana o favorable a actitudes coherentes con la cultura de seguridad.
Challenges of safety culture in Surgical Center: mixed methods study
Authors: Oliveira Junior Nery José de , Riboldi Caren de Oliveira , Lourenção Daniela Campos de Andrade , Poveda Vanessa de Brito , Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Magalhães Ana Maria Müller de
Published: July 2024

Objective: to analyze the safety attitudes of health and support areas professionals working in Surgical Center. Method: sequential explanatory mixed methods study. The quantitative stage covered 172 health and support professionals in eight Surgical Centers of a hospital complex. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire/Surgical Center was applied. In the subsequent qualitative stage, 16 professionals participated in the Focus Group. Photographic methods were used from the perspective of ecological and restorative thinking, and data analysis occurred in an integrated manner, through connection. Results: the general score, by group of Surgical Centers, based on the domains of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire/Surgical Center, reveals a favorable perception of the safety climate, with emphasis on the domains Stress Perception, Communication in the Surgical Environment, Safety Climate and Perception of Professional Performance. The overall analysis of the domain Communication and Collaboration between Teams appears positive and is corroborated by data from the qualitative stage, which highlights the importance of interaction and communication between healthcare teams as fundamental for daily work. Conclusion: the perception of safety attitudes among health and support professionals was positive. The perception of the nursing team stands out as closer or more favorable to attitudes consistent with the safety culture.
Infecção primária de corrente sanguínea relacionada a cateter venoso central em pacientes com COVID-19
Authors: Acosta Nicole Caetano , Ceratti Rodrigo do Nascimento , Santos Marina Scherer , Fantin Simone de Souza , Fuzinatto Fernanda , Almeida Neto Omar Pereira de , Rabelo-Silva Eneida Rejane
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: investigar a associação entre infecção primária de corrente sanguínea relacionada a cateter venoso central e variáveis clínicas e assistenciais de pacientes com COVID-19 internados na unidade de terapia intensiva de uma instituição pública de saúde de referência. Método: estudo caso-controle. Resultados: o estudo foi composto por 70 pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção primária de corrente sanguínea relacionada a cateter venoso central (grupo caso) e 70 pacientes sem infecção (grupo controle). Pacientes predominantemente do sexo masculino, média de idade de 57,93±13,93 anos e portadores de cateter de duplo lúmen. A mediana de tempo de ocorrência das infecções primárias de corrente sanguínea relacionadas a cateter venoso central foi de 11 (8-18) dias. Maior tempo em ventilação mecânica ( P =0,014; RP: 1,79; IC 95%: 0,91-3,51) e posição prona ( P =0,017; RP: 2,41; IC 95%: 1,22-4,81) foram associados à ocorrência de infecções primárias de corrente sanguínea relacionadas a cateter venoso central. Conclusão: maior tempo em ventilação mecânica invasiva e posição prona contribuíram para a ocorrência de infecções primárias de corrente sanguínea relacionadas a cateter venoso central em pacientes com COVID-19.
Adaptación cultural y evaluación de las propiedades de medición de la Facilitator Competency Rubric para facilitadores de simulación clínica
Authors: Campos Daniel Gonçalves , Silva Juliany Lino Gomes , Silva Ruana Luiz Ferreira da , Almeida Angélica Olivetto , Lira Ana Luísa Brandão de Carvalho , Oliveira-Kumakura Ana Railka de Souza
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: traducir y adaptar la Facilitator Competency Rubric a la lengua portuguesa y a la cultura brasileña, y analizar las propiedades de medición. Método: estudio metodológico que completó las etapas de traducción, síntesis de las traducciones, back translation , revisión por un Comité de Expertos compuesto por 7 profesionales, prueba de la versión pre-final con 33 facilitadores de simulación y presentación a la autora del instrumento original. Para la validación de contenido se calculó el Índice de Validez de Contenido y el Coeficiente Kappa modificado. Para determinar la confiabilidad, 52 y 15 facilitadores de simulación evaluaron el α de Cronbach y el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase, respectivamente. Resultados: se realizaron dos rondas de evaluación de contenidos, con modificaciones de 19 ítems en la primera evaluación y 3 ítems en la segunda. La escala general alcanzó α de Cronbach de 0,98 y Coeficientes de Correlación Intraclase de 0,95 a 0,97. Conclusión: la Facilitator Competency Rubric fue traducida y adaptada culturalmente a la realidad brasileña y presentó validez de contenido, confiabilidad y estabilidad, con resultados seguros para su uso en la enseñanza y la investigación.
Las voces de las mujeres en el desastre de la Samarco: procesos de acuerpamiento y apoderamiento frente al neoextractivismo en Brasil
Authors: Zhouri Andréa , Azevedo Eduarda Binder Munaier
Published: July 2024

Resumen: El ascenso del neoextractivismo como fuerza propulsora del desarrolho em los países latinoamericanos ha movilizado la agenda de investigación de las ciencias sociales durante las últimas dos décadas en todo el continente. En Brasil, el neoextractivismo ha estado acompañado de procesos de desregulación ambiental y de violación de derechos consagrados desde la redemocratización del país. En el estado de Minas Gerais, la recurrencia de desastres mineros apunta a procesos sociales eminentemente disruptivos y fragmentadores, que ponen en duda la confianza depositada en las expectativas modernas de control y seguridad. Lo que presenciamos en el presente es el daño, la violencia y el sufrimiento de la experiencia minera. En este contexto, las subjetividades políticas de las personas afectadas por la minería se construyen a través de múltiples caminos, no comúnmente visibles en el repertorio de resistencia. A partir de una investigación etnográfica sobre el desastre de Samarco/Vale/BHP en Rio Doce, Brasil, desde el colapso de la presa de Fundão, en 2015, el artículo analiza la diversidad que compone el universo de las mujeres afectadas para comprender cómo expresan sus experiencias de lucha por reparaciones y, en particular, las consecuencias de su protagonismo en la vida personal, profesional y comunitaria. Tomando como referencia la ecología política ecofeminista y latinoamericana, el análisis señala los límites de la visión masculina que generalmente prevalece en la formulación de mecanismos de gobernanza, que difícilmente se guían por una dimensión interseccional, lo que contribuye a empeorar el daño a las mujeres.
Dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic: prevalence of common mental disorders in "invisible" health workers and their association with occupational stressors
Authors: Maturino Manuela Matos , Sousa Camila Carvalho de , Moraes Lusicleide Galindo da Silva , Souza Danyella Santana , Freitas Maria Yaná Guimarães Silva , Araújo Tânia Maria de
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between occupational stressors and common mental disorders (CMD) among "invisible" health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Cross-sectional study including a probabilistic sample of 1,014 health workers from three municipalities in Bahia. CMDs were assessed using the SRQ-20. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) scale and the Demand-Control Model assessed occupational stressors. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple analysis to evaluate the association between the variables of interest. Results: The global prevalence of CMD was 39.9%; it was higher among CHA/EDCA (47.2%), followed by management and surveillance staff (38.6%), technicians (35.4%), and support/maintenance/cleaning staff (29.9%). The association between occupational stressors and CMD varied among occupations: 1. Excessive work commitment (EWC), effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and psychological demand were associated with CMD among support/maintenance/cleaning workers; 2. EWC and ERI were associated with CMD among CHA/EDCA; 3. EWC, ERI, and low control over work were associated with CMD among technicians; 4. Among management and surveillance workers, only ERI remained associated with CMD. Conclusions: Occupational stressors played a relevant role in mental illness, with variation between occupational strata, demanding attention, monitoring, and control.