bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
التأصيل الأخلاقي في الأدب العربي "دراسة تحليلية"
Authors: İsmailoğlu Ahmet
Published: January 2025

تتناول هذه الدراسة تحت عنوان "التأصيل الأخلاقي في الأدب العربي" مفهوم كلٍّ من الأدب والأخلاق لغة واصطلاحًا، متطرقةً إلى الربط بين الأدب والأخلاق وفقًا لتقارُب المعنى اللغوي والاصطلاحي بينهما، ثم طريقة التعامل مع هذه القضية بين المذهب الرومانتيكي وبين مذهب "الفن للفن" الذي تم تأسيسه ليكون نظرية مضادة عمِلَتْ على إخلاء الفن والأدب من مَضامين الأخلاق، مع الاسترسال في عرض موقف النقاد من نظرية "الفن للفن"، وكذلك ذِكر طرفٍ من المساجلات التي دارت بين بعض النقاد حول القضايا الأخلاقية والمجتمعية والموقف الصحيح الذي يجب أنْ يكون عليه الأدبُ من هذه القضايا. ثم تناولت الدراسة القضايا الأخلاقية في الأدب العربي شعرًا ونثرًا، مع تبيين طريقة المعالجة، منتقلةً إلى الكلام عن طريقة التعامل النقدي مع قضية الأخلاق باعتبارها أحد المعايير المهمة لنقد الأدب العربي؛ حيث أشاد بها النُّقَّاد في العصر الجاهلي، ثم اهتم بها النَّبيُّ - ص- كمعيارٍ رئيسٍ ردَّ إليه الأحكامَ النقدية، وسار على نهجه الخلفاءُ الراشدون، وسائرُ الصحابة، والتزمَ هذا النَّهجَ كثيرٌ من النقاد وعلماء الأدب واللغة، ثم تطرَّقت الدراسةُ إلى بيانِ الموقف المجتمعي مما ينسبه الشاعرُ إلى نفسه مِن سُوء الأخلاق وارتكابِ الفواحش تخيُّلًا، وكذلك موقفهم مِن المبالغات التي تصل إلى حدِّ الكذِب؛ باعتبار الكذِب مِن مَساوئ الأخلاق التي يجبُ أنْ يخلوَ منها النِّتاج الأدبي؛ لأنَّه يعبِّر عن قِيَم المجتمعِ وأخلاقياتِه.
1908 ÇIRÇIR (FATIH) YANGINI: BILANÇO, YAPILAN YARDIMLAR, YARDIM FAALIYETLERININ SIYASALLAŞMASI VE YANGIN MAHALLININ İMARI
Authors: Pulat Hayrettin
Published: January 2025

Osmanlı idaresinde İstanbul’da pek çok yangının yaşanmıştır. 23 Ağustos 1908’de Çırçır semtinde çıkıp geniş bir alanı etkileyen ve daha çok Çırçır Yangını olarak literatürde anılan yangının maddi ve mali bilançosu, yangından sonra yapılan yardımların toplanma ve dağıtılma biçimi ve son olarak da yangın bölgesinin imarının incelenmesi bu çalışmanın amaçları arasında yer almaktadır. Yangın, Osmanlı-Türkiye tarihinin dönüm noktalarından biri olan 1908 devriminin hemen akabinde meydana gelmiştir. Devrim ile yangın arasındaki sürenin azlığı, başka bir deyişle yangının devrimin balayına denk gelmesi, yeni iktidar odağı tarafından toplumsal tabanın tahkimi maksadıyla oldukça işlevsel bir araç olmuştur. Yangın sonrasında basının da gücünden yararlanan İttihatçılar yaydıkları enformasyonla yangının asıl müsebbinin eski rejimin bakiyesi olan hafiyeler olabileceğini, cılız bir şekilde olsa da, bazı gazeteler vasıtasıyla dile getirmişlerdir. Fakat yangının asıl sebebinin anlaşılmasından sonra bu defa da yangınzedelere dönük yapılan yardım faaliyetlerinde eski rejimin bir şekilde gadrine uğramış kesimin edebi ve entelektüel birikiminden faydalanma yoluna gidilerek toplumsal anlamda tabanlarını genişletme ve destek sağlama siyasetine devam etmişlerdir. Örnek vaka incelemesi olan bu çalışmanın yöntemi belge analizine dayanmaktır. Bu doğrultuda Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ve dönemin basınından elde edilen veriler tahlil edilerek belirtilen amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada kullanılmıştır.
KALEBEND MAHKUMU BİR BÖLÜKBAŞININ BEYLERBEYLİĞİ PAYESİNE YÜKSELMESİ: MİLLİ PAZKURİ/BAHAEDDİNLÜ ÖMER AĞAZADE TİMUR PAŞA VE ONUN YÜKSELİŞİNE DAİR BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Gümüş Ercan
Published: January 2025

Diyarbekir eyaletinden Erzurum ve Van eyaletlerinin verimli yaylaklarına doğru yıl boyunca hayvanlarıyla iki taraflı devinim içinde olan Milli Aşireti’ne tabi kabileler zaman içinde buralarda da yerleşmişti. 19. yüzyılda Mardin çevresinde 4 süvari alayı bulunan Milli Aşireti’nin Van’da da bir alayı mevcuttu. Bu durum aşiretin Osmanlı askeri sistemi içinde edindiği konumu göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. Nitekim bu önem daha önceki bir dönemde yani 1723 Gence Seferi ve Osmanlı-İran savaşlarında da sürmüştü. Diyarbekir eyaletindeki Pazkuri/Bahaeddinlü kabilesinin kethüdası olan Ömer Ağazade Timur Ağa, kabilesinin cengaver erleriyle bu seferler esnasında önemli başarılara imza atmıştı. Bu sebepten 1730 yılında İran merkezine yakın bir yerde teşkil olunan Zencan, Sultaniye, Ebher ve Târım sancaklarından oluşan Zencan beylerbeyliğinin başına paşa sıfatıyla beylerbeyi olarak atanmıştı. Osmanlı merkezi yönetimi Timur Paşa ve aşiret mensuplarından bu eyaleti adalet üzere yönetmelerini istemişti.
Timur Ağa’nın bu yükselişinin arkasında yönettiği aşiretin sefer lojistiğinde Osmanlı ordusuna sağladığı ulaşım hizmeti ve askeri operasyonlardaki savaşçı desteği yadsınamayacak derecede ehemmiyete haizdi. Oysa kısa bir süre önce 1723 yılında Diyarbekir eyaletinde Milli Pazkuri lideri (kethüdası) olan Timur Ağa, kendisinden istenen zahireleri Diyarbekir’den Tatvan iskelesine taşıma emrine direndiği gerekçesiyle Adana’ya kalebend olarak sürülmüştü. Ancak Gence Seferi dolayısıyla kendisine karşı devlet yöneticilerinin teveccühü artmış, daha önce bir takım idarecilerin kıskançlığı nedeniyle haksızlığa uğradığı bildirilerek verilen cezanın özrü sunulmuştu. Çalışmada Milli Aşireti içindeki iç ayrışmaya (dubendilik) ve bugüne kadar hakkında neredeyse hiçbir kayda yer verilmeyen Ömer Ağazade Timur Paşa ve aşiretinin İran merkezine askeri amaçla konuşlandırılmasına değinilecektir.
بلاغة الصمت في النصوص الأدبية: قراءة في الفجوات الكلامية ودلالاتها "حكاية مملة" لأنطون تشيخوف نموذجًا
Authors: Tawfık Ahmed Mahmoud Zakaria
Published: January 2025

تهدف هذه المقالة إلى استكشاف كيفية توظيف الصمت كأداة بلاغية فعّالة في النصوص الأدبية، وتحديداً في قصة "حكاية مملة" لأنطون تشيخوف. تسعى الدراسة إلى فهم كيف يمكن للصمت أن يعبر عن مشاعر وأفكار معقدة مثل الحزن، الحب، والخوف، ويؤثر على تجربة القارئ. الأهمية: تقدم المقالة رؤية جديدة لدور الصمت في الأدب، مما يتيح للنقاد والباحثين أدوات تحليل جديدة لفهم الأبعاد البلاغية والتقنيات السردية في النصوص الأدبية. الفرضيات: الصمت أداة تعبير فعّالة يمكنها نقل مشاعر وأفكار لا تستطيع الكلمات التعبير عنها بشكل كامل. المنهج: تستخدم الدراسة منهج التحليل الأدبي والنقدي، مع التركيز على تحليل النصوص المختارة من "حكاية مملة". يتم فحص كيفية توظيف الصمت والفجوات الكلامية في النصوص، وكيفية تأثيرها على بناء المعنى وتوجيه التفسير الأدبي. هيكل المقالة: مقدمة: تتناول خلفية الموضوع وأهداف البحث وأهميته. المبحث الأول (نظري): يستعرض الأبعاد البلاغية للصمت في الأدب، بما في ذلك كيفية استخدام الصمت للتعبير عن المشاعر المعقدة، وتحليل الفجوات الكلامية. المبحث الثاني (تطبيقي): يتناول تحليل نصوص مختارة من "حكاية مملة" لتوضيح كيفية توظيف الصمت البلاغي وتأثيره على تجربة القارئ. خاتمة: تلخص نتائج البحث وتقدم توصيات لمزيد من الدراسات. أهم النتائج: أثبتت الدراسة أن الصمت يمكن أن يكون أداة تعبير فعّالة تحمل معاني معقدة تتجاوز ما يمكن التعبير عنه بالكلمات.
İSYAN SÜRGÜNLERİ: ŞEYH UBEYDULLAH İSYANI SÜRECİNDE 132 ELİTİN SİVAS’A VE HALEB’E NEFYİ
Authors: Ekinci Mehmet Rezan
Published: January 2025

Osmanlı Devleti, Tanzimat’la birlikte Kürdlerin yaşadığı coğrafyada Ekrad, Yurtluk-Ocaklık ve Mîr-i aşiret idarelerini tasfiye etti. Ancak bu yapılardan doğan boşluk doldurulamadı ve aşiretlerin rekabet ettiği karmaşık bir ortam oluştu. Ayrıca Rusya ile yapılan 1853-56 ve 1877-78 savaşları Osmanlı Devleti’nin bölgedeki otoritesini sarstı ve var olan idari karmaşayı derinleştirdi. Yerel iktidarın odak noktası olan mîrliklerin tasfiyesini Nakşibendî ve Kadirî tarikatlarının yükselişi takip etti. Mevcut boşluğu yeni tip bir otorite olarak ruhanî liderler doldurmaya başladı. Dönem Rus ve İngiliz desteğini almış Ermeni ayrılıkçılığının canlandığı sıkıntılı bir evreydi. Şeyh Ubeydullah’ın yükselişi bu döneme tekabül eder. Şeyh, dinî liderliğini millî refleksle donattığı siyasi bir otoriteyle tahkim etti. Şeyh’in Şemdinli’de 220 Kürd aşiret reisini topladığı kongre, dış diplomatik kayıtlarında “Kürd Ligi/Kürd İttifakı” şeklinde lanse edildi. Ardından Şeyhin liderliğinde evvela İran’a ahiren Osmanlı idarelerine karşı çıkan milliyetçi başkaldırı, uluslararası alanda istediği desteği bulamadığı için bastırıldı ve Şeyh bölgeden uzaklaştırıldı. Şeyh’in kıyamı sürecinde Ermeni ve Kürd milliyetçi reflekslerle hassaslaşmış olan bölgeden çoğunluğu aşiret reisi, bey, şeyh, ağa ile bunların erkek kardeşleri ve oğullarının yanısıra muhtar, çavuş, tüccar, çiftçi gibi çeşitli ünvanlara da sahip 132 Kürd eliti Haleb’e ve Sivas’a sürüldü. Sürgün, “Kürdistan Serkomiseri Abidin Paşa”nın Anadolu Islahatı tedbirleri kapsamında yapıldı. Bu sürgünlerde Şeyh’in milli bilinci uyandıran başkaldırısının da payı oldu. Bürokraside sürgünlerin bölge yapısına uyumsuz olduğu tartışması yaşandı. Kürd beylerinden doğan boşluğu “Ermeni fesedeleri”nin doldurması ihtimali de tedirginlik sebebiydi. Bu esnada sürgünler firar etti; mesele soğutulmaya bırakıldı ve ardından Hamidiye adıyla revize edilen yeni aşiret politikaları uygulandı. Bu çalışma, tarihte ve hafızalarda unutulmuş isyan sürgünlerinin milli karakterini arşiv belgelerine dayalı olarak ortaya koymaktadır.
Decadal evolution of GIS in disaster management and risk assessment
Authors: Eminoğlu Yusuf , Tarhan Çiğdem
Published: January 2025

This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of the evolution of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in disaster risk management and assessment over a 25-year period, from 2000 to 2024. Utilizing a dataset derived from academic publications indexed in prominent scientific databases, we examine the growth trajectory, thematic evolution, scholarly collaboration, and technological advancements within the field. Our findings reveal a significant increase in the volume of GIS-related research in disaster management, underscored by a shift from foundational applications toward the integration of cutting-edge computational techniques. Analysis of collaboration networks highlights the global nature of research efforts, demonstrating extensive international cooperation that transcends geographical and disciplinary boundaries. Thematic analysis indicates a progressive focus on vulnerability assessments, climate change impacts, and the incorporation of remote sensing and machine learning technologies, reflecting the field's response to emerging challenges and the dynamic landscape of disaster risk management. The study not only charts the historical development of GIS applications in this domain but also identifies key research trends, influential works, and potential future directions, underscoring the critical role of GIS in enhancing disaster resilience. This bibliometric perspective provides valuable insights into the maturation of GIS as an indispensable tool in disaster management and offers a roadmap for future research and technological innovation aimed at mitigating disaster risks and building resilient communities
Do Socio-Cultural Factors Affect Speaking Anxiety? A Case Study of Non-English Major Students in West Java
Authors: Vanalestari Adisty , Setyarini Sri
Published: January 2025

Anxiety in foreign language speaking is a widely studied aspect in EFL contexts. Identifying the factors contributing to students' speaking anxiety is essential for understanding and addressing this issue. A few anxiety students have indicated certain sociocultural factors, among other factors, could be responsible for students' foreign language speaking anxiety. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the social-cultural factors causing English-speaking anxiety in non-English primary undergraduate students. This study used a case study qualitative approach. The data collection used are in-depth semi-structured interviews. The data was collected from four undergraduate non-English majors in West Java. The data was analyzed using an open coding method to examine participants' opinions on the socio-cultural elements that impact English speaking anxiety. The data revealed several social-cultural related sources of speaking anxiety, including social and cultural environment, communicative apprehension, formal classroom environment, social status and self-identity, gender, and dialect. Collectively, these factors increase students' anxiety during speaking activities. Moreover, these sociocultural factors not only undermine students' confidence and willingness to take part in speaking tasks, but also hinder their overall progress in language learning. The results of this research are expected to offer helpful recommendations to enable English teachers or lecturers to react to their students' speaking anxiety and to assist teachers of lecturers in arranging their classes in a way that may reduce their students' speaking anxiety and promote students' speaking skills.
English as a Medium of Instruction in non-English Subject; Exploring the Students’ Language Proficiency
Authors: Asshofiah Khodijah
Published: January 2025

In facing the current era of globalization, it is necessary to implement an application that supports students to improve their English proficiency. The research problems are how is the implementation of EMI in non English subject and how is the students’ class language proficiency situation during joining the EMI-based class? The writers used the descriptive qualitative case study method. The subject of the research were students at Maahad Tahfiz Al-Qur'an Darul Falah Selangor, Malaysia. The instruments were field observation, interviews, questionnaires. The research findings and discussion are highlight the dual role of EMI in improving English language proficiency while facilitating content mastery, despite challenges such as code-switching and students' varying levels of self-confidence. EMI improved language skills; its effectiveness depends on strategies tailored to support students' diverse needs. The conclusion are EMI improved language skills; its effectiveness depends on strategies tailored to support students' diverse needs. These insights contribute to optimizing EMI practices and advancing education policies that align with global academic demands. The integration of language and subject knowledge through EMI  prepares students for academic success and equips them with the linguistic and cognitive skills. The recommendation are further researchin the other scope of EMI is needed to explore the long-term impact of EMI on students' academic performance and language proficiency, particularly in diverse educational contexts to serve as a valuable tool for promoting inclusive and  effective educational     environment.
Body and Society: Symbolic Equation in Vampire Academy Series
Authors: Kustantinah Indri , Pujiharto Pujiharto , Rokhman Arif
Published: January 2025

The body serves as a symbol that describes the relationship between individual parts of an organism and the system as a whole. A structure of the social system of society can be found within the body. Literature works as the product of a culture and is considered a mirror of society. The body in literature is often a theme or symbol rich in meaning because the body can reflect various aspects of human life, such as identity, emotion, culture, politics, spirituality, and social relationships. The use of the body in literature often involves multidimensional exploration that inspires readers to understand the human experience more deeply. The Vampire Academy series brings about a body issue representing certain social structures of a society. This study aims to explore the symbols underlying the vampire body in the Vampire Academy series. The material and data were gained from library sources using a literary study method. The objects of this study are six novels by Richelle Mead from the Vampire Academy series, which tell the story of the lives of teenagers who fight against the class division structure in a school. The results include the body becoming a symbol of group identity, as seen in the tattoos of the Dhampir guardians’ class and the Human Alchemists, symbols of sexuality in body shape, and symbols of power in the blood, skin colour, and tooth shape.
The evaluation of giant-cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) cases with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A)
Authors: Kaşıkçı Murat , Ertürk Adem , Eroğul Özgür
Published: January 2025

To make measurements using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in inactive giant cell arteritis (GCA) cases who have previously had GCA and have been treated and to compare the obtained data with healthy volunteers. In this observational case-control study, 18 eyes of 18 GCA cases previously diagnosed, treated with anterior arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION). 22 eyes of 22 ophthalmically healthy volunteers were included in the study. After external ophthalmic examinations of all participants were performed, their measurements were made with serial OCT-A. Superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), area covering 300 degrees around the fovea (FD-300), choriocapillaris (CC), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), cup/disc (C/D) ratio and optic disc vessel densities (OD-VD) were evaluated. p<0.05 was considered significant. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender and shooting quality. Whole-SCP, SCP-foveal, SCP-parafoveal and SCP-perifoveal VD values were lower in the patient group. Whole-DCP, DCPparafoveal and DCP-perifoveal VD values were also low in the patient group. FAZ areas were similar between groups, but the FD-300 VD was different. Whole-OD VD and inside-OD VD were significantly lower in the patient group. Peripapillary-OD VD and RNFL values were similar. The C/D ratio was higher in the patient group. The effect on the microvascular process was significant in OCT-A. This suggested that even if the ischemic process still continues and there is no active inflammation, microvascular structures may continue to be affected.
The effectiveness of education provided to university students on COVID-19 phobia: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Kılınç Nur Özlem , Uncu Fatoş , Güneş Dilek , Kırkıl Gamze
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of education provided to university students on COVID-19 phobia. The study was structured as a pre-test, post-test single-group study, a quasi-experimental research design, conducted on 122 students at a university located in Eastern Anatolia. Pre-test forms (Information Form, COVID-19 Phobia Scale) were sent to the students via email, filled out, and returned to the researcher. Subsequently, online training was provided to the participating students, and post-test (COVID-19 Phobia Scale) data were collected. A statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test COVID-19 Phobia Scale values (p<.001). This difference was in favor of the pre-test, indicating a reduction in COVID-19 phobia levels after the intervention. The results of this study highlight the importance of pandemic phobia and education. It provides data support for pandemic and COVID-19 phobia for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and the literature.
The effect of blood parameters measured in the emergency department on 30-day mortality in patients with proximal femur fractures: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Bülbüloğlu Yasin , Akpınar Oruç Oya
Published: January 2025

Proximal femur fractures (PFF) are a common and significant health problem in the elderly population, often leading to morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the association between hematological and biochemical parameters measured at admission and 30-day mortality by retrospectively evaluating patients diagnosed with PFF in the emergency department. This retrospective study includes 344 patients over the age of 65 who admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department of Afyonkarahisar Health Science University Faculty of Medicine Hospital and were diagnosed with PFF between January 1st, 2018, and July 1st, 2023. The patients' demographic characteristics, PFF-related features, and their hematological and biochemical parameters at presentation, were recorded. Specific parameters were proportionally analyzed in accordance with relevant literature. The relationship between these findings and 30-day mortality was evaluated. Of the included patients, 59.6% were female, with a mean age of 81.88 ± 7.76 years. The 30-day mortality rate was 7%. A significant difference was observed in the mortality group regarding ICU admission history, length of hospital stays, glucose/potassium ratio, WBC, neutrophil, hemoglobin, and RDW levels. According to ROC analysis, the AUC for hemoglobin was 0.641 (95% CI: 0.589–0.690), with a cutoff value of <12.8, yielding a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 36.0% (p=0.01). For RDW, the AUC was 0.721 (95% CI: 0.672–0.767), with a cutoff value of >16.2, resulting in a sensitivity of 54.2% and specificity of 86.7% (p=0.001). Hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, and glucose/potassium ratio levels in the emergency department are associated with 30-day mortality in patients diagnosed with PFF. Evaluating these parameters in clinical practice may aid in the early identification of high-risk patients and facilitate the planning of appropriate treatment strategies. Future research should validate these findings through larger-scale studies.
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity analyzes of novel AB-Type Amphiphilic Block Copolymers
Authors: Mısır Murat
Published: January 2025

AB-type novel amphiphilic poly(L-lactide)-block-(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PLLA-b-PNIPAM) and poly(L-lactide)-block-(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone) (PLLA-b-PNVP), diblock copolymers were synthesized through the combined use of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) techniques.  (PLLA-b-PNIPAM) block copolymer was prepared via combination of ROP and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using the novel PLLA-based ATRP macroinitiator. (PLLA-b-PNVP) block copolymer was synthesized via combination of ROP and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using the PLLA-based RAFT macro chain transfer agent (CTA). For this purpose, at first 2,4-difluorobenzyl alcohol (1) was used to initiate the ROP of (L-LA) using tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate Sn(Oct)2 as a catalyst at 120 ℃ for synthesis of PLLA-OH (2). Secondly, bromoester end-functionalized PLLA-based ATRP macroinitiator (3) was synthesized by esterification of hydroxyl end group of (2). The first block copolymer, (PLLA-b-PNIPAM) (5), was synthesized by ATRP of NIPAM using (3) in presence of copper(I) chloride/tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (CuCl/Me6TREN) as catalyst system in DMF/water at 25 °C. For the synthesis step of second block copolymer, at first PLLA macro chain transfer agent (CTA) (4) was then synthesized via substitution reaction of (3) with potassium ethyl xanthogenate (KEX) and finally PLLA-b-PNVP (6) diblock copolymer was prepared via RAFT polymerization of NVP using (4). The molecular structures of novel polymers (2-6) were elucidated by spectroscopic (FTIR and 1H NMR) methods. In the application phase of this study, the effectiveness of copolymers was examined on cervical cancer cells. Cytotoxicity effects were evaluated in vitro on HeLa cell lines.
Outbreak of hantavirus disease caused by Puumala virus, Croatia, 2021
Authors: Rončević Filipović Mari , Trobonjača Zlatko , Cekinović Grbeša Đurđica , Filipović Marinko , Kukuljan Melita , Mršić Ena , Tešić Vanja , Živčić-Ćosić Stela
Published: January 2025

In 2021, a large outbreak of hantavirus disease (HAVID) in Croatia with 334 notified cases coincided with a COVID-19 wave and included patients from areas previously not considered endemic, challenging HAVID recognition and patient management. We analysed clinical and epidemiological data on all 254 patients with HAVID treated in the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka (CHC Rijeka) between February and November 2021. Most patients (n = 246; 96.9%) had antibodies against Puumala virus, 212 (83.5%) were residents of endemic areas for HAVID, 93 (36.6%) reported occupational exposure and 86 (33.9%) had observed rodents or rodent excreta. Thirty-seven (14.6%) patients were not notified to the public health authorities. Most patients (n = 177; 69.7%) were male. The median age of the patients was 43 years (range: 17–79 years) in males and 54 years (range: 14–77 years) in females. More severe courses of disease were observed in males aged < 45 years than in older males and females of any age (OR = 2.27; 95% CI: 1.21–4.24; p < 0.005). Measures to prevent exposure, early detection and notification of cases and close collaboration between primary and secondary healthcare teams with public health personnel are essential to improve surveillance and prevent hantavirus outbreaks.
Challenges of the public health response to a rare case of non-autochthonous Mycobacterium leprae, Ireland, 2024
Authors: Marshall Rebecca , Horgan Eddie , Duane Hugh , Dillon Annette , Nurdin Nadra , O’Connell Sarah , Sadlier Corinna , Dee Anne , Sheahan Anne , Barrett Peter
Published: January 2025

This case report details the public health response to a multibacillary leprosy case in Ireland. The case presented with hypopigmented skin lesions and neurological symptoms. Challenges included delayed recognition in the clinical setting, contact tracing within a congregate setting and lack of specific Irish guidelines. Comprehensive contact tracing, chemoprophylaxis and follow-up care were implemented, guided by international protocols. This case underscores the need for tailored guidelines and stigma mitigation strategies for this neglected tropical disease in non-endemic regions.
Detection of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) in wastewater samples: a wake-up call, Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom, 2024
Authors: Böttcher Sindy , Kreibich Julian , Wilton Thomas , Saliba Vanessa , Blomqvist Soile , Al-Hello Haider , Savolainen-Kopra Carita , Wieczorek Magdalena , Gad Beata , Krzysztoszek Arleta , Pintó Rosa M , Cabrerizo María , Bosch Albert , Saxentoff Eugene , Diedrich Sabine , Martin Javier
Published: January 2025

In 2024, circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) was detected in wastewater samples in Finland, Germany, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK). All strains were genetically linked, but sequence analysis showed high genetic diversity among the strains identified within individual wastewater sites and countries and an unexpected high genetic proximity among isolates from different countries. Taken together these results, with sequential samples having tested positive in various sites, a broader geographic distribution beyond positive sampling sites must be considered.
HISTORICAL VALUE - UNIQUENESS - IMAGINATION: WHY DOES TIME TURNS THE PRETTY INTO THE BEAUTIFUL
Authors:   Moscow International University, Yanushevskaya E.
Published: January 2025

One of the features of the perception of historically valuable objects is their transition from the category of “pleasant” to the category of “beautiful”. Losing their utilitarian functionality over time, they show their artistic and aesthetic value. This is facilitated by the uniqueness of historical and cultural objects reaching the recipient from the depths of time: the aura of uniqueness actualizes productive imagination in the process of their perception, which, along with the ability to evoke cathartic emotions, is an attribute of “beauty”. An example of such a “reassessment” can be called both household items (sewing machine, antique musical instruments or books) that become interior decorations, as well as architectural structures or elements of the urban environment (fortress wall, ancient pavement, ancient gates ...).
AESTHETICS OF URBAN SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN IN A HISTORIC CITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Universtiy, Ustiugova E.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the correlation of two approaches to the problem of aesthetics of the city: ontology and phenomenology of its space and design of urban environment. These approaches differ in content and tasks, which is especially significant in relation to cities with historical and cultural destiny. The aesthetic image of the city has an ontological basis in the architectural and landscape structure of space, as well as the axiological basis of the city's belonging to the process of its historical and cultural development. The tasks of the environmental and design approaches are determined by the actual creative purposefulness of aesthetic co-organization of all aspects of the environment surrounding a person. One of the main tasks of urban design is to make the process of urbanization a sustainable project, allowing professional implementation of the unity of functional and aesthetic qualities of the urban environment in the daily public and private life of man. The main difference between the described approaches is that the first one is reflexive and retroactive, while the second one is actual and creative-transformative. The task of the first one is to preserve and reveal the potentials of perception of the historically formed architectural and landscape image of the city. The second is aimed at overcoming the historical and psychological distance between history and modernity, culture and everyday life. The article compares different positions of theoretical strategies and practical tactics of treating the aesthetics of the city, critically evaluates the substitution of the content of the spatial approach by the environmental one, and identifies the directions of their productive interaction.
FORM AND FORMLESS IN ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kondratyev E.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problem of integrating the category "environment" into an aesthetic theoretical context. The aesthetic qualities of the environment, the possible degree of its design, as well as the aesthetic characteristics of the environmental experience are analyzed. Examples of environmental design in modern art practice are demonstrated.
POSSIBILITY OF AESTHETIC ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERE
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Universtiy, Radeev A.
Published: January 2025

The paper focuses on two questions. First, what are the factors that determine the possibilities of aesthetics in relation to another fields of knowledge? Second, if we recognize that atmosphere is one of the frequently used concepts in environmental design, is it possible to conduct an aesthetic analysis of atmosphere? To answer the first question, the paper reveals three factors in the current state of aesthetics: the development of the analytics of aesthetic experience, the bridging of the gap between the theory and practice of aesthetics, and the lack of agreement on fundamental problems in aesthetics. To answer the second question, the paper represents a specific methodology for the aesthetic analysis of atmosphere. The conclusion of the paper is that the proposed approach to the aesthetic analysis of the atmosphere of a design object will not only broaden the understanding and create an adequate language of description, but also expand the understanding of the resources of aesthetics as a branch of philosophy.
AN INQUIRY CONCERNING A HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE THEORETICAL MEANING OF THE NOTION «ATMOSPHERE» IN THE AESTHETIC CONCEPT OF GERNOT BOHME
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dzikevich S.
Published: January 2025

This paper critically reconstructs the procedure for introducing the notion «atmosphere» by Gernot Bohme, a prominent representative of the German branch of the continental aesthetics. The work uses standard procedures for historical identification of facts of theoretical heritage: biographical method and comparative contextual analysis.
ENVIRONMENTAL AESTHETICS:A NEW SCIENTIFIC DIMENSION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   State University of Land Management, Molodkina L.
Published: January 2025

The work is presented in the form of a brief philosophical review of modern environmental and aesthetic concepts.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION AND MODERN SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL DOCTRINES
Authors:   Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy), Pilipenko V.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the problem of the relationship between the holistic aesthetic idea of architecture and modern scientific and philosophical doctrines. The historiography of the issue covers two principles of C. Meillassoux in the criticism of correlationism, the method of object-oriented ontology of G. Harman, the actor-network theory of B. Latour, the movement of “poststructuralism” on an equal basis with the philosophical views on deconstructionism and parametric architecture of P. Schumacher, the performative understanding of architecture A. Shweder and P. Gadano. As a result, a number of conclusions are drawn that, to one degree or another, the main scientific and philosophical doctrines of the current time influence the architectural idea.
PHENOMENON OF EVERYDAY LIFE: PHILOSOPHICAL AND AESTHETIC ASPECTS
Authors:   https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=75341107&pff=1, Kuznetsova T.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the phenomenon of everyday life through the prism of philosophical and aesthetic aspects. Modern society has begun to realize the significance of everyday life, discovering in ordinary deeds and actions cultural and social grounds reflecting the values and norms of society. The study shows that even in the routine there is harmony and beauty worthy of analysis. The aesthetics of everyday life are manifested through art forms such as architecture, design and applied arts, creating an artistic perception of our surroundings. Special attention is paid to the concept of home as a symbol of synthesis of different aspects of life and its role in social and cultural life is analyzed. The house acts not only as a place of shelter, but also as a significant cultural space that influences the development of personality and the establishment of life values. Through the prism of philosophical ideas of Yu. The concept of home as a source of peace, personal development and a symbol of inner peace is studied through the prism of philosophical ideas of Y.M. Lotman, A. Schütz,V.V. Rozanov and G. Bashlyar. Everyday life is interpreted as an important part of human existence, saturated with symbols and meanings that reflect the deep structures of culture and social relationships. In the era of new thinking, it contributes to deciphering the meaning and value of ordinary events and actions, which helps to evaluate our lives and the world around us in a different way.
AESTHETIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE SPACEOF URAL CITIES-FACTORIES: A SOCIO-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE FOR RESIDENTS AND TERRITORIES
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Lisovetc I.
Published: January 2025

The 21st century is a time of active urbanization: the development and enlargement of cities that change the lives of their inhabitants. To a large extent, the socio-cultural transformations of the modern city are associated with the practices of urban art and urban design. The aesthetic expressiveness of a modern city determines its atmosphere and the well-being of the people living in it, their focus on the development and creativity of life in their city. The “spatial turn” in modern aesthetic practice determined the allocation in the applied aesthetics of the problem field of urban studies, the need to analyze the features and socio-cultural significance of the current transformations of cities. The questions of the future of cities and the prospects for the life of people in them are especially acute in the historical industrial cities-factories of the Middle Urals, whose production specialization has changed or lost. The territories of ironworks around which these cities arose in the 18th century are currently abandoned, and the ruins of factory buildings remind of the production power and constructive imagery of the industrial architecture of the past. The article on the example of the Sverdlovsk region examines the experience of aesthetic transformation of the space of these plant cities based on the introduction of art clusters and environmental design practices. Thanks to art festivals launched on the former industrial territories landscaped by initiative teams, as well as design transformations of the space of industrial Ural cities, they are sociocultural renewal, which determines the well-being, fate and life prospects of citizens.
AESTHETICS OF THE EXHIBITION: MODERN PRINCIPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MUSEUM ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Sholomova T.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the issues of changing the design of the museum exposition depending on the attitude to the problems of sensory and aesthetic perception, which are also evolving. Once upon a time, objects in museums could be touched, but in the 19th century the situation changed under the influence of political, scientific, technological and other socio-cultural processes. Aesthetic perception has also changed, it has become more intellectual, focused on visual (remote) perception; its core today is contemplation. And once upon a time, touch was considered a more reliable source of information about the surrounding reality, in particular about the exhibits of the museum. It could especially help in the perception of sculpture. With the change in perception, the exposition also changed - it also shifted to visual perception, and the viewer of the museum began to be required to show interest in the objects on display in a different form: respectfully maintaining distance. With the development of high technologies and the advent of the Internet, the visual nature of the museum has increased and has almost been absolutized. Modern expositions are built so that the visitor cannot touch the exhibits, but with the help of various special effects they achieve an increase in spectator interest and the illusion of involvement by influencing other senses - hearing, smell. The near-museum environment (museum restaurants and shops) maximizes the range of influences on the visitor's feelings. The sensual impact of the museum turns out to be almost total.
DESIGN OF SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT BY METHOD OF DECORATION: PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Kazan Innovation University named after V.G. Timiryasov, Mukhutdinov R.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals some historical and philosophical aspects of the origin of the concepts of environment, nature and environment. The author denotes individual views of researchers in the field of civilizational processes from the perspective of the formation of environmental space as a social and cultural phenomenon. The importance of the process of designing the sociocultural space of the urban environment by the method of decoration in the field of providing a comfortable, highly organized and spiritually rich space, which can be considered as a design model with the possibility of its constant change depending on the social demand of society, is noted. The conclusion concludes that the method of art decoration provides a systematic interaction and interpenetration of images of the space of the urban environment and the spiritual, moral, cultural attitudes of society through its meaningful action in understanding the processes of knowledge of the space of the urban environment.
AESTHETICS OF MODERN URBAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Muzalevskaya Yu.
Published: January 2025

Modern landscape culture presents new aesthetic patterns of urban environment design. The main environmental functions are ecological and aesthetic. Landscape culture, as well as environmental culture in general, is engaged in life management and prioritizes, first of all, the convenience of human use, providing it with everything necessary for life, energy resources, food, a comfortable environment for recreation and sports, as well as the preservation of rare plants in botanical gardens included in the urban park area. Not unimportant is the external aesthetic design of modern parks, which become a compositional environmental center and often resemble fantastic landscapes, such as Gardens by the Bay in Singapore.
FORMATION OF MODERN URBAN SPACESBASED ON THE NATURAL LANDSCAPE CODE OF THE TERRITORY
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Gorgorova Yu.
Published: January 2025

Natural landscape features form the uniqueness of cities. Identification and preservation of the city's natural landscape code is important not only from the point of view of aesthetic requirements for the urban environment, but also environmental trends. The integrity of the approach to the formation of the natural landscape code of the city territory lies in the preservation and restoration of a single continuous structure, ecosystem, and water-green frame of the city. When, during the development of cities, the need arises to preserve the landscape, one of the ways to create urban infrastructure is to merge an architectural object with the surrounding landscape, integrating architectural forms into the horizontal planes of the natural landscape. The use of endemic plants, as well as symbols of the place, in landscaping the territory emphasizes the uniqueness of the urban environment.
GARDEN CONCEPT IN LANDSCSPE DESIGN OF URBAN ENVIRONMENTS IN RUSSIA: CASES OF LANDSCAPE MOX.BUREAU
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Capusta A.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the problem of transformation of urban design as a direction of environmental design. As an integral component of the reorganisation of the spatial image in modern megacities, the aesthetic component is highlighted, which is necessary for inclusion in the terminological framework of the very concept of "urban design". Also the article includes philosophical analysis with necessity for inclusion in the terminological framework of the concept of “urban design”. Modern landscape design is being reconsidered. The concept of the garden - its semantic core, the meaning of aesthetic experience are considered in the research. Thanks to the activities of architectural and landscape bureaus, the peculiarities of the garden landscape are revised and conceptualised. New solutions are initiated for the design of Russian landscape design in metropolitan centers (Moscow and St. Petersburg).
LEISURE AND CONTEMPLATION IN PHILOSOPHICAL OUTLOOK AND IN RELATIONSHIP WITH THE URBAN PLANNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Moscow Architectural Institute (State Academy), Bychkova T.
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to how representatives of different philosophical schools have approached the notions of leisure and contemplation in different ways. Philosophers of different epochs have explored the relevance of this question. In the history of philosophy, leisure is considered as one of the conditions for the origin of philosophy. This approach is considered to be the basis of social philosophy. However, at the same time, many thinkers broke the connection between leisure and philosophy and studied leisure as a separate phenomenon, epiphenomenon. The influence of aesthetic contemplation in its relationship with the environment in the context of the resort city as a prototype of the ancient leisure city is also examined. The main issues are the filling and content as well as the quality of the built environment. The impact of physical, social, economic, cultural and other characteristics of the urban environment on human beings always emerges comprehensively in the process of consideration. At the same time, the appearance, or visual component, of the environment is of increasing interest to researchers.
ECOLOGICAL DESIGN OF THE INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIO RAAAF: THE SPACE OF OFFICE, CITY AND MEMORYAS LANDSCAPES OF AFFORDANCES
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Timofeenko A.
Published: January 2025

In 2006 Dutch architect Ronald Rietveld and his brother Erik Rietveld founded the interdisciplinary studio Rietveld Architecture-Art-Affordances (RAAAF). Working at the intersection of visual arts, philosophy and architecture, the group draws on ecological, environmental approaches in psychology and cognitive science. Particularly important for RAAAF are the ecological theory of perception by the American psychologist J. Gibson and enactivism, proclaimed by researchers F. Varela, E. Thompson andE. Roche as an alternative to classical cognitive science. In this paper we will demonstrate how, in response to environmental impulses in psychology and cognitive science, RAAAF has consistently developed its own ecological and environment-based approach, demonstrating the heuristic potential of enactivism, its predecessors and complementary theories in the field of art and design. The work examines three projects of the RAAAF group (“The End of Sitting”, “Vacant NL”, “Bunker 599”), in which the architects offer an alternative to bodily norms, rehabilitate the “emptiness” and gaps of urban space, and create a dynamic space of memory. The concept of “landscape of affordances” they proposed is important for RAAAF, thanks to which, while focusing on intensifying the connectivity of the body and the environment, the soft regulation of RAAAF through micro-movements paves the way to other scenarios of everyday life.
Commodity risk assessment of debarked conifer wood chips fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride from the US
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Plant Health (PLH), Vicent Civera Antonio , Baptista Paula , Berlin Anna , Chatzivassiliou Elisavet , Cubero Jaime , Cunniffe Nik , de la Peña Eduardo , Desneux Nicolas , Di Serio Francesco , Filipiak Anna , Hasiow‐Jaroszewska Beata , Jactel Hervé , Landa Blanca , Maistrello Lara , Makowski David , Milonas Panagiotis , Papadopoulos Nikos T. , Potting Roel , Susi Hanna , Van Der Gaag Dirk Jan , Battisti Andrea , Bragard Claude , Magnusson Christer , Mas Hugo , Rigling Daniel , Faccoli Massimo , Mikulová Alžběta , Stergulc Fabio , Christoph Eugen , Mosbach‐Schulz Olaf , Streissl Franz , Gonthier Paolo
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to deliver a risk assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom from regulated EU quarantine pests, with emphasis on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its vectors Monochamus spp. of debarked conifer wood chips fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride as proposed by the United States (US) and as outlined in ISPM 28 ‐ PT23 of sulfuryl fluoride (SF) fumigation treatment for nematodes and insects in debarked wood. The assessment considered the different phases in the wood chips' production, with special emphasis on the SF treatment. In addition to B. xylophilus and its vectors Monochamus spp., 22 EU quarantine pests and protected zone quarantine pests, some of which are regulated as groups of pests by the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072, are present in the US and are potentially associated with the commodity. For these pests an expert judgement is given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the available scientific information and technical information provided by the US, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. The likelihood of pest freedom varies among the pests evaluated, with B. xylophilus being the pest most frequently expected on the commodity. The Expert Knowledge Elicitation (EKE) indicated with 95% certainty that between 9491 and 10,000 m3 of debarked conifer wood chips treated with SF per 10,000 m3 will be free from B. xylophilus, and that between 9987 and 10,000 m3 of wood chips per 10,000 m3 will be free from Monochamus spp. Technical elements which are critical for a successful treatment and for minimising the presence of Union quarantine pests on the commodity are identified and described in the opinion. In particular, it is important to note that SF treatments are generally less effective in eliminating fungi than insects, the required parameters of the fumigation should be met at all points of the pile of wood chips and the time of storage of wood chips before treatment should be kept as short as possible because B. xylophilus can easily reproduce and spread throughout the pile under conducive conditions.