bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review on Mental Stress Detection Using PSS Method and EEG Signal Method
Authors: V G Rajendran , S Jayalalitha , K Adalarasu , G Usha
Published: April 2022

As the world facing COVID-19 crisis during 2020, more than 38.8 lakhs of human death as per the report from the World Health Organization (WHO) on June 2021. Because of this pandemic, worldwide people are restricted to travel, meeting, or gathering a group of people. Most of the people working from home and students’ education are carried out through the online system. The stress caused in a person may depends upon different factors, such as spending more time in online classes by watching the mobile phone, due to lack of interaction with others, insufficient money to survive, job insecurity, and other reasons. This kind of above reason may lead to a long-term stress that leads to suicidal thoughts in human. In order to reduce the suicide rate, it is important to analyze the level of stress in human beings. In this paperwork, a survey for stress measurement among human beings was carried out by two methods such as Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and also by using the physiological signal as Electroencephalogram (EEG) discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of the PSS method and EEG signal method for the detection of stress measurement are discussed in this paper.
The Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4): A Promising Material for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Pradhan Manas Ranjan , B Nanda Braja , Nanda Binita
Published: April 2022

The excess use of fossil fuel and rapid industrialization increase of CO2 level in the atmosphere. Efficient conversion of CO2 to value added chemicals and fuels are the best method to reduce CO2 level as well as to maintain sustainability. To overcome the kinetic and thermodynamic barrier in CO2, a suitable heterostructure composite is necessary. Among different types of materials carbon based materials and their composites are shown their suitability electrochemical, thermal and photo-assisted method of CO2 conversion. Among different carbon based materials, graphitic carbon nitrite (g-C3N4) is a sustainable, inexpensive photocatalyst for CO2 conversion. This present article tries to summarize recent works based on conversion of CO2 in presence of solar light using g-C3N4 based composites. This provides an outlook for the future development of new catalysts to reduce CO2 effectively and save our earth from CO2 pollution.
Plastic Roads As An Alternative Solution To Solid Waste Management: A Review
Authors: G Saraswathi , P Abirami , N N Harish Kumar , R Praveen Kumar , Meyyappan N
Published: April 2022

Plastics are one of the most abundant material found across the globe. Due to the rapid urbanization and over population, the usage of plastics increased dramatically. The handling of municipal plastic wastes has always been a big problem to the society. These plastic wastes lead to steep increase in various types of pollution. The disposal of municipal plastic waste has become more difficult process than its production. Many researches across the globe have proven that these plastic wastes can be use in specific proportion along with bitumen in the laying of roads. The wastes are grounded or shredded into powder; nearly small quantity of plastics is blended with the bitumen by suitable techniques like dry/wet processes. By this process, road life has increased significantly. Due to this there would be a notable reduction in level of plastic waste generated. This paper reviews about the various types of plastics such as e - plastic wastes, municipal plastic wastes etc., used for the construction of roads. The composition, durability, strength, economy of road construction and the comparative results of bituminous and plastic-mixed road have been discussed in this paper.
Design Of An Electrostatic Ion Trap And Time-of-Flight Tube Using SIMION Software
Authors: Ganesh C L , Santosh K , Renuka Mallanna , Shastry Karthik
Published: April 2022

Electrostatic traps are a class of ion traps that rely on electric fields to confine charged particles in a region of space. It uses an electric field to trap the incoming ions from an ion source, confine them for a certain period of time, and then release them either as a continuous or pulsed ion beam. Ions once released from the trap are made to fly through a Time of Flight (ToF) tube for segregation based on their energies and mass. The time taken to travel the length of the ToF tube is equated to the mass of the ion, which can further be used to calculate the energy and mass of the ions. SIMION software simulates the trajectories of charged particles through electric and magnetic fields of different geometries. In this proposed paper, we will be presenting simulations of an (a) electrostatic ion trap and (b) Time of Flight tube using SIMION software. Experimental data of confinement time of ions in the trap and the time of flight of the ions in a 1m and 2m long ToF tube are simulated and tabled. The results from the simulations reported in this paper can be used as a template to design and develop custom electrostatic traps in conjunction with ToF tubes for specific instruments like spectrometers, medical devices, etc.
Use Of Precision Attachments Among Dental Students: A Survey
Authors: Kamdar Rushabh , Ganapathy Dhanraj , R Subhashree
Published: April 2022

A custom made semi-precision attachment along with a partial denture offers strength and improved aesthetics if there is minimal space. A descriptive survey was conducted among undergraduate and postgraduate dental students using a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire gathered information on the respondents' knowledge regarding the use of precision attachments among dental practitioners in dentistry. Out of the 100 students who took up the survey 100% of them were MDS students. Out of the 100 students,60% of them believed that based on the geometric configuration and design of the attach-ment precision attachments can be classified as keyglock , 20% believed that they were classified as latch type attachments and the rest 20% believed that they were classified as ball and socket at-tachment. Out of the 100 students who took the survey, 80% believed that the advantages of using precision attachments were all except increasing the stress to abutment and 20% believed that the advantages were all except decreasing torsional forces. All the students who had taken part in the survey had knowledge about the use of precision attach-ments in dentistry.
Effect of Synthetic Parameters on Crystallinity of Hydrotalcite-Like Anionic Clays with Elucidation and Identification through X-Ray Diffraction Analysis
Authors: Kumari Sonika , Thakur Nikesh , Kumar Rajender , Thakur Ramesh Chand , Sharma Ajay
Published: April 2022

Hydrotalcite-like anionic clays (HTs) (also known as Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) are the most common group of ionic lamellar solids. These materials provide numerous advantages, such as economical and simple synthetic methods, easy separation from the reaction mixture, and recycling potential, according to the green chemistry point of view. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique remains an essential tool in the characterization of many materials, including HTs/LDHs. XRD diffractogram of HTs/LDHs interpreted and revealed the hexagonal structure system of these materials with sharp and intense lines as characteristic peaks which shows their well-ordered crystalline nature. The various synthesizing aspects of these materials (nature and composition of divalent and trivalent metal cations, as well as anions, temperature, aging time, and pH) play important role in the crystallinity of prepared HTs/LDHs materials. This study highlighted and summarized the various research reports related to the effect of synthesizing aspects on crystallinity through XRD analysis of HTs/LDHs.
Case Report On Wilm's Tumor In Child
Authors: Tiwaskar Suhas , Rajesh Dhomne Charmy
Published: April 2022

Wilms tumor is the most frequent kind of kidney cancer in kids. It is responsible for around 6% of all tumors in children. In children under the age of 15, the incidence is 7.6 cases per million, with 75 percent of cases occurring before the child reaches the age of five. A variant term is nephroblastoma. It is most widespread between the ages of three and four, after which it becomes much less frequent. Clinical findings: Wilms tumor in children produces one or more of the following signs and symptoms: abdominal pain, increasing abdominal girth, lack of appetite, fever, blood in the urine, nausea or vomiting, constipation, shortness of breath. Diagnostic evaluation: Increase abdominal girth, pain, fever,vomiting, cried at the time of urination, hematuria, black stool, pallor, hypertension, and moderate microcytic anemia (iron deficiency). Ultrasonography: Showed splenomegaly. Therapeutic investigation: X-ray of abdomen and chest, IVP, USG, MRI, CT scan, renal function test and urine analysis, liver function test, bone marrow study, and histology. Outcome: After treatment, the child shows great improvement, his fever, abdominal pain, blood in urine is minimized, and his Hb level is increased from 9gm% to 11.1gm%.
Comparative Analysis of Measurement Uncertainty in Cubic Concrete Compression Testing
Authors: Awachat Prashant , Dakre Vinayak , Amalraj Shankar
Published: April 2022

Concrete blocks are one of the important and vital engineering material in the field of construction. To enhance the quality of the block testing is an essential process. There are several testings available. In this paper, the uniaxial compression testing is done for the sample concrete blocks. For the testing concrete cubic specimen with the phase length of 100 mm is taken. The testing is done physically and the compression strength is studied extensively with the theoretical values. Further, the uncertainty measurement analysis is done to the test of uniaxial compression test. The achieved uncertainty values are subjected to comparison of existed values of measurement uncertainty.
Stabilization of Expansive Soil Using Waste Ceramic Tile Dust
Authors: Rathor Ajay Pratap Pratap Singh , Pathak Deepak , Saini Rajbeer
Published: April 2022

India has a large number of expansive clay deposits. Because oftheir unexpected shrinkage and swelling behaviour, dealing withthese soils for construction purposes is extremely problematic.Because swelling causes huge upheaval stress on structures, thisoccurrence of these soils is quite detrimental for them. Soilstabilising measures are employed to overcome such kind ofexpansive soil behaviour. The goal of this study was to use leftoverceramic tile to improve the engineering characteristics ofexpansive soil. Ceramic tile waste is a type of industrial waste thatcan be utilised to stabilise soil. Ceramic tile waste is employed inthis study in powdered form, and it is combined with expansivesoil by weight in proportions ranging from 5% to 30% in a 5-percentage-point interval. The effect of tile powder on expansivesoil was studied using a number of laboratory procedures.
PLA-PEG Diblock Copolymer Micelle as Nanocarrier for Anti-Obesity Drug Delivery System
Authors: Akib Anwarul Azim , Rumon Md. Mahamudul Hasan , Moniruzzaman Md. , Kumar Roy Chanchal , Chowdury Al-Nakib
Published: April 2022

Obesity is a metabolic condition that accounts for life-threatening disorders like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. There are several anti-obesity drugs currently available on the market, but many of them show poor bioavailability due to low water solubility. Several attempts have been made by researchers to improve the solubility of orally administered drugs, but many of them did not work properly. Herein, we introduced a block copolymer micelle consisting of poly (lactic acid)-co-poly (ethylene glycol) to improve the solubility of the anti-obesity drug "Fenofibrate.” The block copolymer was synthesized using the polycondensation method, while the micelle was formed when water was added dropwise to the copolymer. Finally, laser light scattering and DLS analysis were used to confirm the micelle formation. The size of the micelle increased from 158 nm to 249 nm after the fenofibrate drug loading inside the hydrophobic core. The polymer PLA-co-PEG can be used as a carrier for orally administered fenofibrate drugs in the future for better water solubility and efficiency.
Dasavatar of Lord Jagannath with Respect to Management, Evolution, and Feminism
Authors: Palai Golak Bihari , Mishra Deepanjali
Published: April 2022

Lord Sri Jagannath is the presiding Lord of ‘Srikhetra Puri’ . All the incarnations of Lord Vishnu emanate from Sri Jagannath. He is an Avataree, the absolute and supreme Divinity. The cultural and ritual panorama of Sri Jagannath is as pulsating, vibrant, and colorful as the Lord Himself. His ‘dasavatar’ concept is the carrier of the scientific account of evolution, management, and feminism. In the changing socio-cultural environment, the Dasavatar concept of Lord Jagannath is used as a resource base for the study of physical environment. Indian mythology is very vast and enriched with huge amount of knowledge pertaining to the ten incarnations of Jagannath. The essence of leadership and modern management skills are embedded in His avatar. The Lord came in different incarnations as a role manager or a leader based on different situations. Dasavatars are being referred to understand the leadership qualities required in the modern management techniques to overcome any kind of situation or problems. Lord Rama and Lord Krishna are the most towering leaders of any time.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cross-Linked Waterborne Polyurethane Dispersion
Authors: Acharya Keyur Harihar
Published: April 2022

Due to high-performance property, many industries interested recently for production of waterborne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs). In the present study first WPUDs were prepared by polyaddition reaction of hydroxy terminated unsaturated polyesters (HTUPEs) and isophorone diisocyanate (IDPI) in presence of dibutyl dilaurate (DBTL) as a catalyst. Cross-linking bridge were created between WPUD chains to enhance the thermal and mechanical properties by addition of ethylene diacrylate, hydroxy ethyl acrylate as end capped and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide cobalt naphthenate as a catalyst. All the resultant cross-linked WPUDs (designated as CWPUDs) were studied by thermal and mechanical properties.
FarmNation, Transformative Urban Settlement at Vellore's Peri-City
Authors: Arora Tushar , Keshava Tanguturi Sri , Sajan Sona Anna , Shri Kavya , Bansal Sunny
Published: April 2022

Sustainable living is not a new concept to humanity. In the face of rapid urbanization, cities grew in the means of commerce and political significance. This plot neglected the development of some potential towns or villages due to the mass migration of people to cities. Being one of them, Vellore City in Tamil Nadu, India, is currently suffering inadequate resources, biodiversity loss, and decreased social and cultural connectedness. Vellore is closely packed, which opens up an opportunity to meet the metropolitan cities from its suburbs which are prominent with urban sprawls [2]. That's when the concept of urbanizing peri regions of the city occurs. Following that, FarmNation emerges, which aims to find a novel way to transform the elements of agriculture, luring pupils away from the city to pursue better paying jobs and transforming agriculture into an urban sector while honoring local culture and tradition. By considering sustainability as mitigation of the negative consequences of our systems and that such systems cannot be sustainable in principle. Accepting environmental change owing to the threats of pandemics, climatic catastrophe. The advent of a post-climate crisis and sustainable world is a conclusion.
Optimal Delivery of Fluence Profile Using Dynamic Multi-Leaf Collimator Leaf Trajectory Optimization
Authors: Singh Pushpendra , Tripathi Supriya
Published: April 2022

In this paper we show how to employ dynamically generated fluence maps to generate the perfect balance between distribution time and fluence map quality. Our technique is based on a mathematical model that optimizes leaf trajectories and dosage rates for a specific delivery time in order to accurately mimic the desired fluence pattern. We will apply the typical two-step design method to handle the problem of fluence map distribution. The optimization problem is tackled by first optimizing for fluence mapping and then using the leaf-sequencing method to generate precise fluence maps. We formulate dosage rate and leaf trajectory optimization as a non-convex constant optimization problem and use an interior point technique to find the best solution based on arbitrarily adjusted acceptable beginning results. With a prostate example, we put our method to the test and display the resulting balance curves.
A Study on E-Health Infrastructure in Rural India
Authors: Goyal Dinesh , Soni Yashpal , Gandhi Geeta
Published: April 2022

In last decade or so healthcare has been a focus area for government and non-government agencies both. There is huge expansion in healthcare sector, with various schemes being launched by central and state government, and also expansion in health infrastructure with almost equal stake by government/private. With rise in digital technologies, e-health (digital health), though mostly unregulated has started embracing electronic Health Record (EHR), tele-medicine, tele-health, and AI. In COVID pandemic times and prior to it, using digital technology in healthcare have improved over the most recently. According to the World Bank report in 2018, India had 0.857 practicing doctors per 1,000 populations, and in villages the ratio might be even lower. So lot of focus is required to build strong digital health infrastructure in India, so expansion and optimal usage of health facilities can be ensured. This paper reviews the current scenario of e-health process and infrastructure in India and also discusses the challenges alongside its expansion.
ENERGY EFFICIENT ENHANCED LEACH-C PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS USING CLOUD
Authors: Agarwal Dinesh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Due to their potential to combine the physical and virtual worlds, wireless sensor networks are a widely recognized, popular, and worthy approach in today's era all over the world. Wireless sensor networks are battery-powered systems that include a variety of sensor nodes as well as one or more base stations. WSN stands for Wireless Sensor Network, and it is comprised of a huge number of sensor components. These devices are self-contained tiny devices with a number of limitations, including rechargeable batteries, internet backbone range, and storage capabilities. They capture data from diverse environments using transmitters and receivers and relay it to a core network, in which the monitored and gathered information can be stored and made delivered to the end client. The fundamental difficulty with these wireless sensor networks is their excessive energy consumption. In our paper, it is proposed an energy efficient ENHANCED LEACH-C with cross pollination in plants and a few energy efficient intelligent protocol characteristics. Our article focuses on the distance when picking the cluster head in a wireless sensor network, as well as the shape and sizes of the sensor nodes in the network, which will significantly minimize the LEACH's energy consumption.
A Low-Cost Approach of Plantar Pressure Measurement for Mobility Assistance in Paraplegia
Authors: Kapula Prabhakara Rao , Pasha I A , B Anil Kumar , V Sowmya
Published: April 2022

This paper is aimed to develop a low-cost foot plantar pressure measurement system for mobility assistance in paraplegic patients. Force sensing foot is used to measure plantar pressure, which gives the interaction of human foot and ground of the waver while sit to stand, stand to sit, and analyze. For the purpose of determining the location of the most intense pressure points on the sole of the foot, research was undertaken on healthy individuals of varying weights. The proposed method is compared to an existing process that uses force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) placed below the foot for detecting the user intent of the motion. Because of the recent rise in the usage of lower-limb exoskeletons, plantar pressure has emerged as a viable parameter for gait rehabilitation. Foot sensors developed in the study for the control of exoskeleton are inserted into the shoe. The design of a low-cost plantar pressure measurement system to support the paraplegic patients is presented.
Water Management in PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Aman Amrit , Khan Iqra Arabia Ali , Meda Ujwal Shreenag
Published: April 2022

The Regulation of the amount of water in Proton Exchange Membrane Fas Cells (PEMFCs) is an issue addressed by many researchers to date. The challenges in water transport, handling excess water in the membrane, and water control techniques in a PEMFC are discussed in this article. Both an excessive or lagging of water in the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) can affect the overall performance of PEMFC. The effects of water content on the reduction reaction rate, oxidation reaction rate, gas diffusion rate, catalyst layer (CL), and flow conduit, are discussed. Application of an additional polymeric layer to improve the hydrophilic nature of the GDL to make it more apt for usage under normal conditions with a review of the performance of different kinds of material usable in the situation is explained in detail.
Comprehensive Study on Indian Plant Extracts Mediated Biocompatible ZnO Nanostructures: A Green Initiative
Authors: Kaur Inderbir , Priya Nithya , Kumari Akansha , Chaudhary Vishal , Batra Vandana
Published: April 2022

Zinc oxide nanostructures of variable morphology are extensively used in diversified applications of biomedical sector like antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal and targeted drug delivery utilizations. However, their biocompatibility and cytotoxicity are major issues restricting their commercial development for biomedical applications. Green chemistry is a game touting strategy to fabricate biocompatible zinc oxide nanoparticles for diversified biomedical applications. It eliminates the various bottlenecks associated with physical (high power consumption) and chemical (environmental contamination) fabrication strategies utilized for nanomaterial synthesis.Green strategies majorly use biomass and related materials such as plant extract, essential oils or bacteria, as bio reducing, capping and stabilizing agents for facile fabrication of metal based nanoparticles. It turns these techniques into economic, simpler, eco friendly, non-toxic and less contaminating strategies with high scope of scalable optimization and production. Indian herbs and plants like Mangifera indica, Coriander sativum, Aloe vera are being traditionally used as medicinal remedies and possess high antimicrobial efficacies. The extracts from different parts of these plants like leaves, roots, stem or flower (essential oil) are proven for their bio reducing and stabilizing capabilities in nanomaterial fabrication. This review, for the first time, focuses on the usage of several India-based plants for green production of zinc oxide nanostructures with diverse morphologies and physicochemical properties. The present study covers many parameters affecting the morphologies of plant-mediated ZnO NSs and their benefits over traditional approaches. Besides associated challenges, alternate solutions and prospects are able to attain the United Nations sustainable development goal for environmental sustainability, good health and well being.
Comparative Study Of Machine Learning Algorithms For Product Recommendation Based On User Experience
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Anoosh Ram , Sharon Sinchana , Prakash R , Karna Viswavardhan Reddy
Published: April 2022

As Machine Learning algorithms are becoming popular to solve everyday challenges, it is being used to make predictions on data across different industries. To obtain an advantage over the competitive pressures, a service or goods supplying firm needs a strong marketing strategy to understand their clients and grasp how people think, reason, and choose among the various items and services supplied in the market. By effectively understanding customer’s purchasing behavior, a firm can predict the future purchases of the customer enhance user experiences, design marketing strategies to create new consuming markets, and boost sales revenue. The purpose of this research is to investigate the purchasing behavior of e-commerce retailer customers to enable to provide better services and products. The data analysis conducted on customer data enables understanding of the type of products the customers are likely to purchase based on the description of their previous transactions. Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Recurrent Neural Network, and Long Short Term Memory were applied and their performance was compared to predict the products that customers are most likely to purchase.
Advanced Deep Learning Technique for Gender Data Classification
Authors: Choudhary Sangita , Agarwal Manisha
Published: April 2022

Advanced deep learning (ADL) is advantageous at any instance when dealing with large image data sets. Gender identification from either the image is both a challenging and complicated task. There are many software programs in the areas of facial recognition, security, tracking, communication between people and computers, etc. Researchers operating in this region had suggested various techniques for gender recognition to extract characteristics from picture. Etc. Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is now commonly used in various vision apps to extract and classify features. Here is proposed an assessment on the use of MCNN for sexuality recognition. Findings from either the trials performed assist the assessment. To proposed Advanced Deep Learning pre-trained MCNN model (VGG16)for Gender Data Classification.
Moving Towards Responsible Consumption: The Road Ahead for Sustainable Marketing
Authors: Gupta Shubham , Sinha Sachin , Sinha Deepti
Published: April 2022

The fundamental tenet of consumerism revolves around the belief that the burgeoning consumption of goods is favorable for the economy. Since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution, humanity has witnessed an exponential upsurge in consumerism. It has been related both to the increase in the population size as well as an increase in our demands due to constant changes in lifestyle. Multiple sources have corroborated the fact that if this consumption behavior continues unabated, we will soon face an acute shortage of resources of all kinds. Both consumer behavior patterns, such as addictive consumption and conspicuous consumption, can be attributed to this. Amongst the solutions available, ‘Demarketing’ is one. It is a type of marketing when a brand wants to discourage you from buying its product. The paper is descriptive in nature and is based on secondary data, which will be collected from journals, blogs, websites, magazines, books, etc. The paper intends to explore the theme of demarketing vis-à-vis the materialistic purchase behavior of a modern-day consumer and green demarketing strategies that companies are adopting by way of sustainable marketing.
A Review On Chemical Bath Deposition Mediated Synthesis Of Binary/Ternary Photoconductive Metal Sulfide Thin Films
Authors: Verma Chandra Shekhar , Shukla Neelam , Bose Purna
Published: April 2022

Photoconductors are normally composed of semiconductors, which show an enhancement in the electrical conductivity due to the absorption of photons. Among the binary compounds PbS, ZnS, and CdS are the most typical inorganic semiconductor materials owing to their band structure. The properties of Zn1-xCdxS thin films lie in between the properties of ZnS and CdS, widely used as a wide band gap window material in heterojunction photovoltaic solar cells and in photoconductive device. Some ternary compounds based on CdS and PbS has been formed such as PbS with some percentage of Cd(CdxPb1-XS), and it has been observed by optical measurement that that the band gap value of this ternary compounds varies with x. In this review paper, we will emphasis the fabrication of thin film of binary and ternary metal-sulphide compounds by chemical bath deposition method.
Enhancement in the Quality of Power of a Grid Tied Solar PV System Using Recursive Digital Filter Based Control
Authors: S. Khadarvali , Naresh T. , Narayana R. Lakshmi , Murali M. , Rajasekhar K.
Published: April 2022

The primitive intent of this project is to establish a governing strategy for transmission of active power between a solar photo-voltaic (PV) array and the load or the grid, simultaneously to improve power efficiency by abolishing harmonics and compensation of reactive-power needed by the attached load in the network of distribution. Due to the integration of renewable energy sources, low Power-Quality (PQ) issues at the Point-Of-Intersection (PIC) are becoming more prominent in terms of voltage and current harmonics. The controlling by Recursive-Digital-Filter is incorporated here for PV-grid connected device upgrades indices of PQ by running around clock and maintaining transmission of power between the grid of utility and loads which are associated. The strength of governing algorithm relies in its ability to switch VSC efficiently by generating currents of grids as reference using an indirect-current-control-technique. The currents of load are processed using a Recursive-Digital-Filter, which extracts active power portion. In this method, the components of load current’s active power are used to generate currents reference of grid. The output of system is noted for changing loads, altering insolation of solar, and Voltage-Swell, Voltage-Sag, and distortion situations of voltage in a laboratory prototype.
Effect of Throughflow on Marangoni Convection in Ferromagnetic Liquids with Variable Viscosity
Authors: Prakash R , Jayalatha G , Sekhar G N
Published: April 2022

The effect of surface tension and vertical throughflow in magnetic field and temperature sensitive liquid of Newtonian ferromagnetic type is examined. Combining shooting and Galerkin techniques the stationary critical eigenvalues are computed. On the ferroconvection onset, M3, non-buoyancy magnetic parameter and Pr (>1), Prandtl number have no influence. For upward or downward directions dual effect of destabilizing or stabilizing the system is observed in the presence of vertical throughflow. Throughflow effect studied through Pe, Peclet number delays ferroconvection onset and is observed to be independent to flow direction. M1, the magnetic buoyancy number, and V, the variable viscosity parameters have destabilizing influences on the system. Ferrofluids being fascinating materials are used as constant agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The great variety of magnetic fluids are tailored for technological, biological, medical and material science applications. Key words: Ferroconvection, throughflow, surface tension, temperature dependent viscosity, magnetic field dependent viscosity.
Detecting Fake Faces In Smart Cities Security Surveillance Using Image Recognition And Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: K.V. Daya Sagar , Kamesh Dr.DBK , Rao T. Srinivasa , Krishna Chinta Venkata Murali
Published: April 2022

Smart cities are planned to have millions of Internet-connected sensors and devices. Sensors can create a huge amount of data in a range of applications. In modern urban environments, quality of life in a Smart City is heavily dependent on the safety of its residents. For a long time, public safety has been a major source of anxiety. For everyone, stopping a breach of private space security has become a priority. Traditional security systems raise an alarm whenever they detect a breach of safety. It is possible to find a breach of an advanced model by using image processing and a deep analysis of convolutional neural networks to classify images. Because of the ability to reduce complicated aspects from photographs using exact algorithms for facial and body detection. The results of specific machine learning, such as deep learning techniques are outstanding. The processing time of the proposed system is reduced, and true rate of face recognition is 72.7% under varying distance from 2m to 5m.This paper aims to show that when used together the security sector, the two can achieve more than might have been previously assumed models.
Influence of Industrial By-Product Materials on Bituminous Concrete Mixes
Authors: Ravishankar Chavan , Nagakumar M S
Published: April 2022

In this research work, laboratory studies are aimed at using copper slag and foundry sand as mineral fillers and fine aggregates as partial replacement of traditional mineral fillers and fine aggregate particles and will help in building sustainable roadways. The aggregate gradation corresponding to the bituminous concrete mid-limit grading-2 was adopted in accordance with Section 500 of Table No. 500-18 of MORT&H's Fourth Amendment Specifications in order to examine the mix design characteristics. From the laboratory investigation it is observed that the stability, tensile strength, water resistivity, dynamic stability, resistance to rut depth, resistance to proportional rut depth, and resistance to wheel tracking slope of the bituminous concrete mixtures improved with increasing CSMF, FSMF, and CSFAMF content in BC-2 mixture. However, the poor interlocking property of FSFAMF reduces its strength. Thus, the research study has indicated that the application of copper slag and foundry sand would minimize the quantity of traditional aggregate required in highway construction.
Understanding the Interaction Between Fullerene and Graphene Nanoribbons Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Sharma Hitesh , Mudahar Isha
Published: April 2022

Carbon based heterostructures are extremely important in the field of material science as the junction of two carbon nanomaterials strongly influence the properties of a material. In present work, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of covalently attached C60 cage with armchair and zigzag GNRs have been investigated using density functional theory. AGNR-nanobuds don't form stable structures, owing to their positive values of the interaction energy. However, pure and N/B doped ZGNR-nanobud form stable structures with [2+2]hhT mode, hence presenting the possibility of their formation. Average diameter for N doped ZGNR-nanobuds decreases as the C-N bond length is lower than the C-C bond length whereas average diameter for doped ZGNR increases due to the large C-B bond length. The considered complexes are magnetic in nature having a finite value of total magnetic moment. Increase in total magnetic moment is due to the induced localized magnetic moments near dopant sites, whereas decrease in the total magnetic moments is due to the reduction in magnetic moments at C-sites near connecting bond atoms. The significant variation in electronic density of states near the Fermi level leads to change in the metallic behaviour of ZGNR-nanobuds. Mulliken charge analysis shows that in N-doped nanobud, there is a transfer of charge from N to surrounding C atoms due to their electronegativity difference, and there is a gain in charge of B from surrounding C atoms. The unique electronic and magnetic properties of nanobuds can lead to the possible applications in the field of magnetic nano devices.
Impact of Urban Environmental Quality, Residential Satisfaction, and Personality on Quality of Life Among Residents of Delhi/NCR
Authors: Chukkali Surekha , Rastogi Kritika , Mishra Amritkant , Nayar Sonakshi , Gupta Tanisha
Published: April 2022

Environmental quality and sustainability seek to preserve, enhance, and protect our environmental resources that directly aim at providing an amicable quality of life and sustainable development for the upcoming generations. Considering the hazardous environmental urban quality in Delhi NCR, air pollution is the topmost factor deteriorating the health of the population in general. The urban air database by WHO reports Delhi exceeding the maximum PM10 limit by almost 10-times at 292 μg/m3. Noticing that an individual's surroundings have an enormous value in human lives, the study aimed at understanding the impact of urban environmental quality, residential satisfaction, and personality on the quality of life among residents of Delhi NCR. In addition, we also track the environmental world views to attitudes on pro-environmental behavior in understanding sustainability. The results from the SEM model indicated that one index rise in RESS lead to a fall in quality of life by 0.029 point value, whereas one index rise in personality could enhance the quality of life by 0.15 point value. Pro-environmental behaviors and urban environmental factors did not showcase any significant impact on the quality of life.
Microfluidic System for Microbial Pathogen Detection
Authors: Rais Anam , Chand Preeti , Malik Megha , Prasad Tulika
Published: April 2022

Conventional microbiological methods for pathogen detection are time consuming methods and require tedious protocol, expensive instruments, and expert personnel, which delays diagnosis time and treatment. To overcome these limitations, a miniature microfluidic system has been introduced for rapid, sensitive, specific, and easy to handle system for microbial pathogen detection. This miniaturized system uses the dynamics of fluid in microchannels for the collection and detection of pathogen. Microfluidics coupled with a different analytical detection system allow the identification and quantification of whole cells, metabolites, and genetic materials, for accurate diagnosis with all details about microbial pathogen. The high throughput efficiency of a microfluidic system is suitable for point-of-care testing of a broad range of pathogens in even resource-limited facilities/areas. Herein, fundamentals of designing and advances in microfluidic chip integrated with analytical system for pathogen detection are discussed. This review will establish microfluidic as a rapid and accurate point-of-care detection system for microbial pathogens.
Controlled Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets on Large Scale Using Thermal Exfoliation
Authors: Sengunthar Poornima , Patel Shivangi , Thankachen Nisha , Joshi Utpal S , Pandya Rutvi J.
Published: April 2022

Oxidized graphene-based materials have been widely studied due to its excellent properties like mechanical, electrical, high chemical stability, high thermal conductivity, and large specific area. Particularly, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has grabbed much attention for wide range of applications. Here we report on synthesis and characterization of GO and rGO via modified Hummer’s method and thermal exfoliation. Single hexagonal phase was confirmed via X-ray diffraction. Morphology and chemical composition were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Further to study the degree of disorder Raman spectrum were recorded at room temperature. The optical properties were examined by UV-spectroscopy in the diffused reflectance spectroscopy mode. These findings are a demonstration of scalable synthesis of graphene derivatives for its function applications.
Construction, Working, and Applications of E-Tongue: A Versatile Tool for All Tastes?
Authors: N Yashaswini , L Suraj , Nayak Sachith , S Anil Subash , Khosla Ajit , C Manjunatha
Published: April 2022

An Electronic Tongue or E-tongue can be defined as a bio-mimicking sensor generally meant to mimic the ability to taste sweet, sour, bitter, and salty compounds and quantify each of these compounds. In an E-tongue, there are counter/sensing electrodes and a reference electrode. The current generated between the electrodes or the change in the resistance of the electrodes is used as an input for a mathematical model and with the help of computer simulations the taste or the nature of the compound is analyzed. This type analysis is usually seen in systems using electrodes modified with advanced nanocomposites such as graphene, PEDOT: PSS, Molybdenum Disulphide, etc. Here the tendency of the sample to resist the flow of electrons from the working electrode to the reference electrode is measured with input signals constantly varying in frequency and amplitude. This article discusses the methods and construction of E-tongues as well as their application across various fields. We shall also discuss the experimental details of various types of E-Tongue used in different solutions and their results. E-tongues have an important role in wine tasting today as their ability to breakdown the compound and individually analyze the components of the compounds with excellent accuracy is unparalleled.
A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors Affecting the Quality of Technical Education in India
Authors: C Nataraju , Warrier Uma
Published: April 2022

The study aims to investigate the indicators, which affects the quality of technical education in India. There is a paramount importance to maintain the quality in technical education in India to become global hub for education and also to improve the socio-economic growth of the nation. Measuring the quality of these institutions is a big challenge as there is no one single model to measure the quality of technical education in India. Another big challenge is to study the factors influencing the holistic development of the students with problem solving abilities, increased creativity and innovation, higher order thinking skills, communication skills, team work, social and moral awareness in depth learning as suggested by the guidelines of National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 introduced by the Government of India. Extensive literature survey has been undertaken to study the influence of factors impacting the quality of technical education institutions in terms of Infrastructure, Teaching-Learning Process, Industry – Institute interaction, and its linkage between the output in the form of students’ academic performance and the placement and to study the impact of the NEP 2020.
The Effect of Bamboo Fibre Inclusion on Engineering Properties of Marble Dust Stabilized Expansive Soil
Authors: Rathor Ajay Pratap Pratap Singh , Suman Manish , Bhatt Harshil
Published: April 2022

The main problem associated with expansive soil is imbibing the available moisture and thus excessive swelling pressure develops in this soil. This excessive swelling pressure causes an upheaval of the structure's foundation lying over strata of expansive soil. This research aimed to use industrial waste, Marble Dust as a stabilizing agent for expansive soil, and further, the effect of Bamboo Fibre on properties of Marble Dust stabilized expansive soil was also evaluated. The Marble Dust was added in proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight of soil sample and the Bamboo Fibre was mixed in proportions of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1% by weight of soil sample in the Mix proportion of expansive soil and 30% Marble Dust.
Sustainability and Resilience Consideration of a RC Building
Authors: S Prasanth , Ghosh Goutam
Published: April 2022

At seismic events, the building society need to be sustainable in terms of its functionality at post-seismic event. During the seismic event, the performance of the building gets gradually deteriorated. Two approaches which relates with strength and serviceability are important to maintain the building sustainable at disaster events. In first approach, the member sizes are increased which leads to higher base shear design for the futuristic events. In second approach, the building is designed with higher ductility with reduction in member sizes. Since, the sustainability addresses the socio-economic impacts of a building society, the most efficient approach is assessed. Though it’s possible to have sustainable society, it does not mean that it is resilient in case of disaster event. This indicates that even if a society/city is socio-economically efficient and environmental friendly in terms of green building concept, it is not said to be sustainable in extreme events. Hence, in this study the building’s resiliency is estimated and addressed.
Leaf Structure and Attenuation Coefficients of Citrofortunella Microcarpa Leaves Using a Portable TD-OCT System
Authors: Galvez Maria Cecilia Dandan , de Lara Robelyn , Mandia Paulito , Vallar Edgar , Macalalad Ernest , Shiina Tatsuo
Published: April 2022

A non-invasive and simple point measurement using a portable TD-OCT system was used to measure the leaf structure and attenuation coefficient of healthy and unhealthy leaves of a Citrofortunella Microcarpa plant. Assuming homogeneity within the layers, the attenuation coefficient was obtained by linear fitting the logarithm of the A-scan or depth profile of the leaf. The attenuation coefficients of the epidermal and palisade layers of the healthy leaves were 27.07/mm and 15.36/mm, respectively, and for the unhealthy leaves they were 21.82/mm and 8.01/mm, respectively. Comparing the A-scan profiles obtained for the healthy and unhealthy leaves, a mixing of the epidermal and palisade layers within the unhealthy leaves was observed. These observations and the decrease in the attenuation coefficients of the unhealthy leaves are indications of deterioration in the photosynthetic rate that enhances the growth and development of the plants which can provide early detection of sickness benefitting Filipino farmers.
Artificial Intelligence Ensemble Methods for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction
Authors: Pallivalappil Abdul , Das Santanu , Subramanian Muthukumar , G Karthika
Published: April 2022

Recently, the main cause of death occurring due to cardiovascular disease has happened even in the past. Early diagnosis of the disease can be assessed to reduce the high risk and ensure healthiness. Data mining techniques have been significantly used as it helps in zero or less intervention of humans and it is seen as the best technique as it gives precise result with the best accuracy. The study is conducted on ensemble methods and built a model using boosting and bagging classifiers. The objective of this work is to design and implement a heart disease prediction system using Artificial Intelligence ensemble methods namely, Random Forest, Adaptive Boosting, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost. The effective performance of the applied ensemble techniques is analyzed, and a mobile application is developed for the same. The proposed mobile application is built as a user interface that accepts data based on clinical attributes concerning heart disease. This mainly helps in the medical field, such as laboratories that incorporate the developed model. The outcome of the proposed model predicts the probability of a person suffering from heart disease. The accuracy of the models is evaluated.
The Adoption of Mobile Banking Services in Jordanian Banks and Factors Affecting the Customers
Authors: Mustafa Malik
Published: April 2022

There are several factors that impact a customer's decision to accept a mobile banking (m-banking) service in Jordan. UTAUT was used as a theoretical framework for this study, which was conducted using a quantitative approach. Using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method, a theoretical model was developed and tested. Also, connection and numerous direct relapse investigations were performed to evaluate the attack of yields of this model with the outcomes got from the overview. It was tracked down that a person's expectation to embrace m-banking administrations in Jordan is altogether affected by a few factors whose impacts decline in the request: individual imaginativeness, working with conditions, social impact, exertion hope, and execution anticipation. The consequences of this examination are relied upon to add to an inside and out comprehension of what segment and different variables mean for the reception of m-banking administrations in non-industrial nations and assume a basic part in working fair and square of their reception.