bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wpływ odmiany kościelnej języka na polszczyznę ogólną na przykładzie ubogacać (się) – ubogacić (się)
Authors: Waniakowa Jadwiga
Published: November 2013

The influence of ecclesiastical language on standard Polish

The article discusses the influence of ecclesiastical language on standard Polish. It first presents the the faults of this variety, and then some examples of the ecclesiastical vocabulary. The author examines in particular one verb that is typical of contemporary ecclesiastical language, ubogacać (się) / ubogacić (się) ‘to enrich (oneself)’. She analyses its historical and present day meaning, its history and the contexts in which it is used, and observes that it has spread out onto standard Polish.
Diazoxide treatment for persistent hypoglycemia in a small for gestational age preterm infant with adequate low insulin levels
Authors: Arnon Shmuel , Lagerev Elena , Herzlich Jacky , Eliakim Alon , Litmanovitz Ita
Published: November 2013

Small for gestational age (SGA) newborn infants can have prolonged hypoglycemia due to diminished glycogen stores, diminished alternative energy substrates, or hyperinsulinism. Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia are strongly correlated with persistent neuro-developmental and physical growth deficits. Treatment includes glucose supplements or medications affecting insulin secretion, gluconeogenesis, or glycogenolysis. Diazoxide suppresses insulin secretion by acting as an ATP-sensitive potassium channel agonist to prevent membrane depolarization, calcium influx, and insulin secretion. Therefore, it is used in persistent hypoglycemia of neonates associated with hyperinsulinism. We report a case of a female SGA preterm infant who had persistent hypoglycemia (>2 weeks of age) with low adequate serum insulin levels and no other clear biochemical evidence of hyperinsulinism or other abnormalities. As a result of an inability to control her glucose levels without high intravenous levels of glucose and continuous glucagon infusion, she was treated successfully with diazoxide, which was discontinued when the infant reached 5 kg. No side effects were noted. In rare cases of persistent hypoglycemia, and a need for high glucose infusion rate but with adequate low insulin levels even without biochemical evidence supportive of hyperinsulinism, diazoxide treatment can be offered with close monitoring of glucose levels and possible side effects. The exact mechanism is not clear and deserves further evaluation.
Synthesis of fused heterocycles derived from 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-ones
Authors: Reddy Gowravaram Jagath , Rao Khandavalli Srinivasa
Published: November 2013

The synthesis of 1,4-benzoxazine fused heterocycles has been reviewed.
Tungstic acid-catalyzed synthesis of 3,3-bis (1H-indol-3-yl)indolin-2-one derivatives
Authors: Patel Gautam M. , Deota Pradeep T.
Published: November 2013

Tungstic acid was used as a low-cost and readily available heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 3,3-bis(1H-indol-3-yl)indolin-2-one derivatives from indoles. The reaction parameters, including catalyst quantity, solvents, temperature, and time were optimized. The present method has several advantages, such as mild conditions, simple work-up, elimination of anhydrous condition, easy recovery of catalyst and its recyclability as compared with existing methods.
Development and biocompatibility tests of electrospun poly-l-lactide nanofibrous membranes incorporating oleic acid-coated Fe3O4
Authors: Wang Hsin-Ta , Chan Ya-Hui , Feng Sheng-Wei , Lo Yi-June , Teng Nai-Chia , Huang Haw-Ming
Published: November 2013

The aim of this study was to develop an electrospun poly-l-lactide (PLLA) nanofibrous membrane incorporating oleic acid-coated Fe3O4. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared using the chemical co-precipitation method, and particle diameters were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. After mixing the oleic acid-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles and PLLA, a membrane with nanofibers was manufactured using the electrospinning technique. Our results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticle diameters fabricated in this study were concentrated at 2–8 nm (84.2%). After magnetizing, there exists an approximately linear relationship between magnetic flux density and membrane thickness (R2=0.7, p<0.05). NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells cultured on the magnetized Fe3O4/PLLA nanomembranes exhibited a more spreading and attached phenotype. These results can serve as a reference for future advanced studies.
Single-molecule manipulation and detection platform for studying cancer cell chemotaxis
Authors: Chen May-Show , Peng Pei-Wen , Liou Bing-Chun , Kuo Hsiao-Chen , Ou Keng-Liang , Yang Tzu-Sen
Published: November 2013

Chemotaxis of cancer cells is an essential component of tumor dissemination. The chemotactic response is comprised of three separate steps, including chemosensing, polarization and locomotion. We present an innovative approach on chemotaxis assay to address cancer cell chemotaxis. We applied a high-resolution optical tweezers system to manipulate epidermal growth factor (EGF)-coated beads positioned close to the filopodia, to locally stimulate HT29 cells expressing the EGF receptor (EGFR). We demonstrated that membrane protrusion at the leading edge induced by an EGF chemotaxis occurred at about 30∼40 s. In addition, the present observation revealed that the locomotion of HT29 cell depended on whether the HT29 cell sensed the presence of the chemoattractant EGF. We anticipate the proposed approach based on optical tweezers, together with the platform at single-cell level, could be applied to build a quick screening method for detection and treatment evaluation of many types of cancer during chemotaxis.
Impact of Inertial Training on Strength and Power Performance in Young Active Men
Authors: Naczk Mariusz , Naczk Alicja , Brzenczek-Owczarzak Wioletta , Arlet Jarosław , Adach Zdzisław
Published: November 2013

Naczk, M, Naczk, A, Brzenczek-Owczarzak, W, Arlet, J, and Adach, Z. Impact of inertial training on strength and power performance in young active men. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2107–2113, 2016—This study evaluated how 5 weeks of inertial training using 2 different loads influenced strength and power performance. Fifty-eight male physical education students were randomly divided into training and control groups. The 2 training groups (T0 and T10) performed inertial training 3 times per week for 5 weeks using the new Inertial Training and Measurement System (ITMS). Each training session included 3 exercise sets involving the knee extensors muscles. The T0 group used only the mass of the ITMS flywheel (19.4 kg), whereas the T10 group had an additional 10 kg on the flywheel. Before and after training, we evaluated maximum force and power of knee extensors muscles, countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), maximal power output achieved during ergometer test PVT, electromyography of quadriceps, and muscle mass. In T0 and T10, respectively, ITMS training induced significant increases in muscle force (25.2 and 23.3%), muscle power (33.2 and 27%), CMJ (3.8 and 6.7%), SJ (2.2 and 6.1%), PVT (8 and 7.4%), and muscle mass (9.8 and 15%). The changes did not significantly differ between T0 and T10. A 16% significant increase of electromyography amplitude (quadriceps muscle) was noted only in T0. The novel ITMS training method is effective for improving muscular strength and power. Improvements in PVT, CMJ, and SJ indicate that the increased strength and power elicited by ITMS training can translate to improvements in sport performance. The ITMS training can also be useful for building muscle mass.
Geometries of Power
Authors: Taylor Katherine Fischer
Published: November 2013

In the revolution of 1789, France set out to replace its absolute monarchy with a government based on a separation of legislative, judicial, and executive powers. In Geometries of Power: Royal, Revolutionary, and Postrevolutionary French Courtrooms, Katherine Fischer Taylor asks how the goal of separating powers affected the reform of French justice through its physical housing. Providing the first overview of French courtroom layout, Taylor identifies four geometric configurations that characterize in turn the late ancien régime, the revolutionary decade, and the Napoleonic era and beyond. While taking account of changes in the conduct of trials, the analysis emphasizes instead how the courtroom’s spatial arrangement expresses the political source and status of justice. The revolution’s hitherto-unstudied circular layout is placed in the context of the novel curvilinear legislative chamber and influential theater reform. It proposes that the Napoleonic replacement, a rectangular layout inspired by contemporaneous basilican church interiors, instead reframed justice as a sacral power distinct from the theatrical legislature.
Architecture, Anatomy, and the New Science in Early Modern London
Authors: Walker Matthew
Published: November 2013

Focuses on an important but overlooked building in late seventeenth-century London: the College of Physicians on Warwick Lane designed by the scientist and architect Robert Hooke in the 1670s. The building, which was commissioned in response to the previous college’s destruction in the Great Fire of London in 1666, was itself demolished in the nineteenth century. In this article, Matthew Walker argues that the conception and design of Hooke’s college had close links with the early Royal Society and its broader experimental philosophical program. This came about through the agency of Hooke—the society’s curator—as well as the prominence of the college’s physicians in the experimental philosophical group in its early years. By analyzing Hooke’s design for the college, and its prominent anatomy theater in particular, this article thus raises broader questions about architecture’s relationship with medicine and experimental science in early modern London.
The Birth of the Modernist Art Museum
Authors: Kuenzli Katherine
Published: November 2013

The Folkwang Museum (1902) in Hagen, Germany, represented a radically new approach to museum design and display. Based on principles of a Wagnerian Gesamtkunstwerk, the museum overturned historicist museum principles. Following Nietzsche, the Folkwang’s founder and director, Karl Ernst Osthaus, advocated a spontaneous and individual relationship to artworks and praised art that yielded rich, synesthetic experiences. With the help of art critic Julius Meier-Graefe and designer Henry van de Velde, Osthaus defined an advanced formal language based in Parisian painterly aesthetics that he believed could provide the terms for coordinating the arts. In The Birth of the Modernist Art Museum: The Folkwang as Gesamtkunstwerk. Katherine Kuenzli shows that at the Folkwang, principles of simultaneity displaced linear narrative and historical and geographical classification. Through visually striking displays and ambitious educational programs, Osthaus and his colleagues also sought to expand the public for art. Unity remained elusive, however; Osthaus, Meier-Graefe, and van de Velde adopted competing ideological agendas that reveal the political heterogeneity of the Gesamtkunstwerk around 1900.
Insulin-like factor 3 as a monitor of endocrine disruption
Authors: Anand-Ivell Ravinder , Ivell Richard
Published: November 2013

Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is generated and secreted by differentiated interstitial Leydig cells of the testes in both fetal and adult males of all mammalian species so far analyzed. All evidence to date suggests that it is produced constitutively, independently of acute regulation by the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, in amounts which reflect the numbers and differentiation status of the Leydig cells. This Leydig cell functional capacity is otherwise monitored only by androgen output, which, however, is massively confounded by acute regulation from the HPG axis and other factors leading to substantial and irregular short-term variation. Leydig cells are a primary target of endocrine-disrupting agents in the context of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome in the fetal male, as well as in the adult. In the male fetus, INSL3 is responsible for the first phase of testicular descent, and hence is directly linked to the etiology of cryptorchidism. In this study, by measuring INSL3 production, for example, during fetal life via amniotic fluid, or as secretions from fetal testis explants, or in adult peripheral blood, we and others have shown that INSL3 represents a useful quantitative and sensitive endpoint for assessing the impact of endocrine-disrupting agents and their mechanisms of action.
Effect of PDGF-BB, IGF-I Growth Factors and their Combination Carried by Liposomes in Tooth Socket Healing
Authors: Abreu Fernando Antonio Mauad de , Ferreira Cynthia Lopes , Silva Gerluza Aparecida Borges , Paulo Camila de Oliveira , Miziara Melissa Nunes , Silveira Frank Ferreira , Alves Jose Bento
Published: November 2013

This work evaluated the bone-forming potential of the platelet-derived growth factor isoform BB (PDGF-BB), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and mixed PDGF-BB/IGF-I delivered in liposomes compared with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), in the healing process of rat tooth sockets. One hundred and twelve Wistar rats were randomized into 7 groups of 16 animals each and were evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after extraction of the maxillary second molars. The left sockets were treated with PBS (P), empty liposome (L), IGF-I in PBS (IP), IGF-I in liposome (IL), PDGF-BB in PBS (PDP), PDGF-BB in liposome (PDL) and both growth factors (GFs) together within liposomes (PDIL). The right sockets were filled with blood clot (BC). Histological and histomorphometric analyses were used to evaluate the formation of new bone and blood vessels. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of osteocalcin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during bone repair. Data were tested statistically using a Tukey's test according to a Dunn's analysis and Mann-Whitney U test followed by Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis. Results were considered significant when p<0.05. A significantly higher percentage of bone trabeculae and a higher number of blood vessels were observed in the IL, PDL and PDIL groups (p<0.05). However, these GF-liposome groups had statistically similar results. Immunohistochemical assays first detected osteocalcin and VEGF expression at 3 days followed by a peak at 7 days. Lower immunoreactivity levels were observed in the BC, L, P, IP and PDP groups compared with the IL, PDL and PDIL groups (p<0.05). The results suggest that GFs carried by liposomes, either in isolated or mixed forms, enhanced the healing process in rat tooth sockets. The differential expression of the osteogenic markers VEGF and osteocalcin in the early phases of bone healing support these findings.
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in COPD Exacerbation—A Brief Report
Authors: Ikpeama Louisa Chika
Published: November 2013

Optimizing medical management is recommended in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. When standard medical therapy alone is inadequate to relieve acute symptoms, ventilator support may be needed. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is a device that provides ventilation support for select group of patients during COPD exacerbation based on criteria developed and supported from both randomized and nonrandomized control trials. NIPPV has been demonstrated to be of benefit in COPD exacerbation management, especially when used early before patient decompensation. This treatment option may be the difference between invasive endotracheal intubation and intensive care unit admission. For best outcomes, adhering to recommended and evidence-based care standards is very important when NIPPV is used.
Patient Notification of Test Results in a Primary Care Setting
Authors: Sulllivan Caroline , Smolowitz Janice
Published: November 2013

The ordering and management of diagnostic test results is an important aspect of the plan of care in the primary care setting. The process involves a series of steps beginning with ordering the test and appropriate communication to ensure patient follow-up. Patient–provider communication and documentation is essential to achieve high-quality health care outcomes. The failure to communicate diagnostic test results and develop follow-up plans is an important patient safety issue. This quality improvement project examined management of diagnostic tests in a primary care practice for the purpose of improving processes of care and outcomes. The project focused on current practices, patient satisfaction, and patients’ preference relating to laboratory result communication.
The Ethical Dilemma of Adolescent Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Ferraro Dorothy Roedel
Published: November 2013

Adolescent obesity and obesity-related conditions have risen at alarming rates in the United States, positioning childhood obesity as a major public health issue. The consequences of adolescent obesity are far-reaching and often include medical, psychosocial, emotional, and economic burdens. Traditional interventions targeted at diet and behavior modification are largely ineffective in reducing adolescent adiposity. Bariatric surgery, therefore, is gaining recognition as a means to significant and sustained weight loss in the teenage population. Given the innovative nature of this intervention and the lack of robust evidence to support its safety and efficacy in this population, few procedures are being performed on pediatric patients. Surgical weight loss in young patients with severe obesity poses a staid ethical burden to all involved. This article addresses the ethical issues of beneficence and nonmaleficence as they apply to adolescent bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery for the treatment of severe adolescent obesity is an ethical and effective approach when performed discriminately in centers that can provide expert interprofessional support.
Vaginal Examination During Normal Labor: Routine Examination or Routine Intervention?
Authors: Dahlen Hannah , Downe Soo , Duff Margie , Gyte Gill
Published: November 2013

Despite a continuing lack of good quality studies of the effect of routine vaginal examination, it is often routinely used in clinical practice. Indeed, internationally respected authorities such as the U.K. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) continue to recommend the offer of a vaginal examination when a woman enters a hospital in suspected established labor and 4 hourly vaginal examinations as labor progresses. In this article, we explore historical and clinical drivers for the widespread implementation of routine vaginal examination in labor to predominantly assess the dilation of the cervical os and examine some of the reasons for continuing use of the procedure, current critiques of its routine use, and possible alternatives for assessing labor progress. We discuss the possibility that both covert and overt knowledge operate in the assessment of labor progress, and we consider the consequent potential for dissonance between what midwives actually do and what they record as having been done. The final discussion theorizes these findings and suggests alternative ways of framing labor progress for the future.
Surgical Management of Peri‐Implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Chan Hsun‐Liang , Lin Guo‐Hao , Suarez Fernando , MacEachern Mark , Wang Hom‐Lay
Published: November 2013

Background: This systematic review was requested by the Task Force of the American Academy of Periodontology as a follow‐up study of the 2013 report, with an aim to investigate the efficacy of different surgical approaches to treat peri‐implantitis.

Methods: A search of four electronic databases from January 1990 to May 2013 was performed. Studies included were human clinical trials published in English that applied surgeries for treating peri‐implantitis. Parameters evaluated included probing depth (PD) reduction, clinical attachment level gain, bleeding on probing (BOP) reduction, radiographic bone fill (RBF), and mucosal recession. The weighted mean (WM) and the 95% confidence interval of the studied parameters were estimated with the random‐effect model.

Results: A total of 1,306 studies were initially identified, after reviewing titles, abstracts, and full texts, and 21 articles, 12 of which were case series, were finally included. Four treatment groups were identified: 1) access flap and debridement; 2) surgical resection; 3) application of bone grafting materials; and 4) guided bone regeneration. The mean initial PD ranged from 4.8 to 8.8 mm, with initial BOP ranging from 19.7% to 100%. Short‐term follow‐ups (3 to 63 months) revealed that the available surgical procedures yielded a WM PD reduction of 2.04 (group 2) to 3.16 mm (group 4), or 33.4% to 48.2% of the initial PD. The WM RBF was 2.1 mm for groups 3 and 4.

Conclusions: Within the limitation of this systematic review, the application of grafting materials and barrier membranes resulted in greater PD reduction and RBF, but there is a lack of high‐quality comparative studies to support this statement. The results might be used to project treatment outcomes after surgical management of peri‐implantitis.
Adding Value by Taking a National and Institutional Approach to Research Data: The ANDS Experience
Authors: Groenewegen David , Treloar Andrew
Published: November 2013

The Australian National Data Service (ANDS) has been working to add value to Australiaâ€™s research data environment since 2009. This paper looks at the changes that have occurred over this time, ANDSâ€™ role in those changes and the current state of the Australian research sector at this time, using case studies of selected institutions.
Pinning It Down: Towards a Practical Definition of â€˜Research Dataâ€™ for Creative Arts Institutions
Authors: Guy Marieke , Donnelly Martin , Molloy Laura
Published: November 2013

There is a widespread understanding among scientific researchers about what is meant by â€˜research dataâ€™; however this does not readily translate into a creative context. As part of its engagement with the University of the Arts London (UAL) and via its support for the JISC Managing Research Data Programme, the Digital Curation Centre (DCC) and partners have worked towards an acceptable and practical definition of research data for creative arts institutions. This paper describes the activities carried out to help pin down such a definition, including a literature review, short and extended interviews with researchers, interactions with an academic arts research practitioner, and distillation of the results from a one-day workshop which took place in London in September 2012.
The CLARIN-NL Data Curation Service: Bringing Data to the Foreground
Authors: Oostdijk Nelleke , Van den Heuvel Henk , Treurniet Maaske
Published: November 2013

After decades in which a great deal of effort was spent on the creation of resources, there are currently several initiatives worldwide that aim to create an interoperable, sustainable research infrastructure. An integral part of such an infrastructure constitutes the resources (data and tools) which researchers in the various disciplines employ. Whether the infrastructure will be successful in supporting the needs of the research communities it intends to cater for depends on a number of factors. One factor is that resources that are or could be relevant to the wider research community are made visible through this infrastructure and, to the greatest extent possible, accessible and usable. In practice, the durable availability of resources is often not properly regulated within research projects.CLARIN-NL is directed at creating an interoperable language resources infrastructure for the humanities in the Netherlands. The Data Curation Service was established in order to salvage language resources in this field that are threatened to be lost. In the CLARIN context, a great deal of attention is given to standards, formats and intellectual property rights. Consequently, the Data Curation Service (DCS) has a role as mediator in bringing researchers in the field of humanities and existing data centres closer together.This article consists of two parts: the first part provides the background to the work of the DCS while the second part illustrates the work of the DCS by describing the actual curation of a collection of language learner data.
Creating a Research Data Management Service
Authors: Parsons Thomas
Published: November 2013

This paper provides an overview of the elements required to create a sustainable research data management (RDM) service. The paper summarises key learning and lessons learnt from the University of Nottingham’s project to create an RDM service for researchers. Collective experiences and learning from three key areas are covered, including: data management requirements gathering and validation, RDM training, and the creation of an RDM website.
A new cadmium(II) coordination polymer constructed by 2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline and 1,3-benzenecarboxylate: Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal behavior and luminescent property
Authors: Kong Zhi-Guo , Guo Sheng-Nan , Zhao Ying-Xue , Song Dan
Published: November 2013

A new Cd(II) coordination polymer, namely, [Cd2(Cl)(1,3-BDC)1.5(L)2]?1.25H2O
(1) (L = 2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline
and 1,3-BDC = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate), has been synthesized under
hydrothermal condition. The crystal of 1 belongs to orthorhombic, space
group P bcn with a = 31.3116(19) ?, b = 13.5485(8) ?, c = 22.9850(15) ?, ? =
90?, ? = 90?, ? = 90?, C50H28.5Cd2Cl3F2N8O7.25, Mr = 1226.46, V = 9750.8(10)
?3, Z = 8, Dc = 1.671 g/cm3, S = 1.038, ?(MoK?) = 1.106 mm-1, F(000) = 4860,
R = 0.0585 and wR = 0.1485. Compound 1 shows a 1D ladder structure. Further,
neighboring 1D ladders are joined together by ????? interactions to result
in a 2D supramolecular layer. The thermal behavior of 1 has been
characterized. In addition, its luminescent property has been studied in
solid state at room temperature.
Characterization of volatiles in Beaten cheeses (bieno sirenje) by SPME/GC-MC: Influence of geographical origin
Authors: Sulejmani Erhan , Rafajlovska Vesna , Guneser Onur
Published: November 2013

In this study, the volatile profiles of a type of economically important
cheeses for the FYR Macedonian dairy sector were characterized. A total of
eighteen samples belonged to 6 different geographical regions of Beaten
cheese, including cheeses from Kumanovo, Tetovo, Struga, Resen, Veles and
Radovish were comparatively studied for their volatile profiles. Sixty two
volatile compounds were identified in the cheeses by solid-phase
microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the
results are discussed based on their chemical classes (18 esters, 13 ketones,
10 acids, 8 alcohols, 5 terpenes, and 8 miscellaneous compounds). Acids,
esters and alcohols were the most abundant classes identified and were highly
dependent on the geographical origin of cheeses. Beaten cheese from Struga
had the highest levels of carboxylic acids, ketones, alcohols, esters and
terpenes. The Beaten cheese from other geographical origin had low levels of
volatiles probably from the effect of variable characteristics of used milk
and different cheese making process which affects the biochemical processes.
The results suggest that each cheese from different geographical regions had
different volatiles profile and the manufacturing technique as well as the
ripening stage of the cheeses played a major role on the volatile compounds?
distribution.
Colic in equine neonates: 137 cases (2000–2010)
Authors: MacKinnon Melissa C. , Southwood Louise L. , Burke Megan J. , Palmer Jonathan E.
Published: November 2013

Objective—To document causes of colic in equine neonates, evaluate clinical features of neonates managed medically versus surgically, determine short- and long-term survival rates for neonates with specific medical and surgical lesions, and assess ability of patients to achieve intended use.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—137 client-owned equine neonates (< 30 days old) with a history of colic or signs of colic within 1 hour after hospital admission examined between 2000 and 2010.

Procedures—Signalment, history, results of physical examination, laboratory data, ancillary diagnostic tests, details of treatment, primary diagnosis, concurrent diseases and short-term survival rate were obtained from the medical records. Long-term follow-up information was obtained through phone survey.

Results—137 neonates with colic were included. The majority (122 [89%]) of neonates were managed medically. The 3 most common diagnoses associated with colic were enterocolitis (37 [27%]), meconium-associated colic (27 [20%]), and transient medical colic (26 [19%]). The most common reason for surgery was small intestinal strangulating obstruction, and these neonates were more likely to have severe, continuous pain and were less responsive to analgesics. Concurrent diseases were common (87 [64%]) but did not significantly impact survival rate. Short-term survival rate was not significantly different between medically (75%) and surgically (73%) managed neonates. Long-term survival rate was excellent (66/71 [93%]) for horses that survived to hospital discharge. Most neonates surviving to maturity were used as intended (49/59 [83%]).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Most neonates examined for signs of colic can be managed medically. Short-term survival rate in medically and surgically treated neonates was good. Long-term survival rate of foals discharged from the hospital was excellent, with most achieving intended use.
Effectiveness of the Alfredson Protocol Compared With a Lower Repetition-Volume Protocol for Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Stevens Marc , Tan Chee-Wee
Published: November 2013

Study Design

Randomized clinical trial.

Objectives

To compare the effectiveness of the Alfredson eccentric heel-drop protocol with a “do-as-tolerated” protocol for nonathletic individuals with midportion Achilles tendinopathy.

Background

The Alfredson protocol recommends the completion of 180 eccentric heel drops a day. However, completing this large number of repetitions is time consuming and potentially uncomfortable. There is a need to investigate varying exercise dosages that minimize the discomfort yet retain the clinical benefits.

Methods

Twenty-eight individuals from outpatient physiotherapy departments were randomized to either the standard (n = 15) or the do-as-tolerated (n = 13) 6-week intervention protocol. Apart from repetition volume, all other aspects of management were standardized between groups. Tendinopathy clinical severity was assessed with the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) questionnaire. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Both were assessed at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. Treatment satisfaction was assessed at week 6. Adverse effects were also monitored.

Results

There was a statistically significant within-group improvement in VISA-A score for both groups (standard, P = .03; do as tolerated, P<.001) and VAS pain for the do-as-tolerated group (P = .001) at week 6, based on the intention-to-treat analysis. There was a statistically significant between-group difference in VISA-A scores at week 3, based on both the intention-to-treat (P = .004) and per-protocol analyses (P = .007), partly due to a within-group deterioration at week 3 in the standard group. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for VISA-A and VAS pain scores at week 6, the completion of the intervention. There was no significant association between satisfaction and treatment groups at week 6. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion

Performing a 6-week do-as-tolerated program of eccentric heel-drop exercises, compared to the recommended 180 repetitions per day, did not lead to lesser improvement for individuals with midportion Achilles tendinopathy, based on VISA-A and VAS scores.

Level of Evidence

Therapy, level 2b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2014;44(2):59–67. Epub 21 November 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2014.4720
Novel Synthesis of the Nitrification Inhibitor 3,4-Dimethyl-1H-Pyrazole Phosphate
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Peng Bin , Bi Jianhao , Su Weike
Published: November 2013

A three-step facile approach to the synthesis of 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole phosphate via the reaction of the easily available material butanone, paraformaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate has been developed. The overall yield was 52.5%.
The Synthesis of 5-Substituted 1H-Tetrazoles in Molten Tetrabutylammonium Bromide
Authors: Xie Aming , Cao Meiping , Feng Liandong , Dong Wei
Published: November 2013

An economical and environmentally benign method for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1 H-tetrazoles has been established. In this protocol, molten tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is used as both the solvent and catalyst. A mechanism involving the intermediacy of tetrabutylammonium azide (TBAN3) is proposed.
Synthesis of novel spiro[cyclopropane-indolizine] derivatives via magnesium-mediated conjugate addition of bromoform
Authors: Liu Bin , Li Xiaofang , Zhang Jie , Du Liyun , Zeng Rongjin
Published: November 2013

The reaction of 6,7-dihydroindolizin-8(5 H)-one and an aromatic aldehyde yielded ( E)-7-(arylmethylene)-6,7-dihydroindolizin-8(5 H)-ones which underwent addition of bromoform in the presence of magnesium under N2 to give a novel series of 3-aryl-2,2-dibromo-5′ H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,7′-indolizin]-8′(6′ H)-one derivatives. The structures of the products were established by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy and mass spectra.
An Institutional Perspective on Business Planning Activities for Nascent Entrepreneurs in Sweden and the US
Authors: Honig Benson , Karlsson Tomas
Published: November 2013

We compared nascent characteristics and behaviors leading to business planning activities in Sweden with the United States (US), examining the effects of institutional pressures exerted in the different countries. We analyzed institutional factors leading 362 Swedish and 347 US entrepreneurs to write plans during a two-year period. We show that national cultures moderate how institutional pressures influence nascent behaviors, questioning generic applications of institutional theory. We found business planning behaviors moderated by nationality, showing significant and negative effects for business classes in the US. Implications are drawn for institutional theory and the study of nascent businesses, as well as for normative business planning literature and practice of nascent businesses.
Detection of Lymph Node Metastases in Human Colorectal Cancer by Using 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Induced Protoporphyrin IX Fluorescence with Spectral Unmixing
Authors: Harada Kenichi , Harada Yoshinori , Beika Masatomo , Koizumi Noriaki , Inoue Koji , Murayama Yasutoshi , Kuriu Yoshiaki , Nakanishi Masayoshi , Minamikawa Takeo , Yamaoka Yoshihisa , Dai Ping , Yanagisawa Akio , Otsuji Eigo , Takamatsu Tetsuro
Published: November 2013

Accurate evaluation of metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) is indispensable for adequate treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we demonstrate detection of metastases of human CRC in removed fresh LNs using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence. A spectral unmixing method was employed to reduce the overlap of collagen autofluorescence on PpIX fluorescence. A total of 17 surgery patients with advanced CRC were included in this study. After 5-ALA at a dose of 15 mg/kg of body weight was applied orally 2 h prior to surgery, 87 LNs were subjected to spectral fluorescence imaging and histopathological diagnosis, and statistical analysis was performed. No apparent side effect was observed to be associated with 5-ALA administration. The spectral unmixing fluorescence intensity of PpIX in metastatic LNs was 10.2-fold greater than that in nonmetastaic LNs. The receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated as 0.95. Our results show the potential of 5-ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence processed by spectral unmixing for detecting metastases in excised fresh LNs from patients with CRC, suggesting that this rapid and feasible method is applicable to gross evaluation of resected LN samples in pathology laboratories.
Possible Role of −374T/A Polymorphism of RAGE Gene in Longevity
Authors: Falcone Colomba , Bozzini Sara , Colonna Anna , Matrone Benedetta , Paganini Edoardo , Falcone Rossana , Pelissero Gabriele
Published: November 2013

Demographic and social changes in the last decades have resulted in improvements in health and longevity. The survival of elderly people has improved significantly and thus centenarians are becoming the fastest growing population group. Environmental, genetic, and accidental factors have influenced the human life span. Researchers have gained substantial evidence that advanced glycation end products may play an important role in the processes of physiological aging. The aim of the present study was to investigate any differences in the frequencies of −374T/A polymorphism in subjects aged >90 years and in middle-aged individuals. We observed association between the A allele and genotype homozygous for this allele (AA) with a longer life expectancy in the male population. In particular, there was a prevalence of AA genotype and A allele in long-living subjects and a prevalence of the allele T in middle-aged subjects, indicating a possible protective role of the allele A to aging. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that longevity is the result of a good functioning of the immune system and a presumable hyper-expression of variants of anti-inflammatory genes of immunity. The differences in the genetic regulation of inflammatory processes may influence the presence of age-related disorders.
Antiviral Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDGs) from the Brazilian Brown Seaweed Sargassum vulgare
Authors: Plouguerné Erwan , De Souza Lauro , Sassaki Guilherme , Cavalcanti Jéssica , Villela Romanos Maria , Da Gama Bernardo , Pereira Renato , Barreto-Bergter Eliana
Published: November 2013

Total lipids from the Brazilian brown seaweed Sargassum vulgare were extracted with chloroform/methanol 2:1 and 1:2 (v/v) at room temperature. After performing Folch partition of the crude lipid extract, the lipids recovered from the Folch lower layer were fractionated on a silica gel column eluted with chloroform, acetone and methanol. The fraction eluted with methanol, presented a strong orcinol-positive band characteristic of the presence of sulfatides when examined by TLC. This fraction was then purified by two successive silica gel column chromatography giving rise to fractions F4I86 and F4II90 that exhibited strong activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2. The chemical structures present in both fractions were elucidated by ESI-MS and 1H/13C NMR analysis HSQC fingerprints based on their tandem–MS behavior as Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDGs). The main SQDG present in both fractions and responsible for the anti-herpes activity observed was identified as 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6-sulfo-α-d-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol.
Effect of Preparation Methods on Crystallization Behavior and Tensile Strength of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Membranes
Authors: Liu Jie , Lu Xiaolong , Wu Chunrui
Published: November 2013

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes were prepared by non solvent induced phase separation (NIPS), melt spinning and the solution-cast method. The effect of preparation methods with different membrane formation mechanisms on crystallization behavior and tensile strength of PVDF membranes was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to examine the crystal form of the surface layers and the overall membranes, respectively. Spherulite morphologies and thermal behavior of the membranes were studied by polarized light optical microscopy (PLO) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) separately. It was found that the crystallization behavior of PVDF membranes was closely related to the preparation methods. For membranes prepared by the NIPS method, the skin layers had a mixture of α and β phases, the overall membranes were predominantly α phase, and the total crystallinity was 60.0% with no spherulite. For melt spinning membranes, the surface layers also showed a mixture of α and β phases, the overall membranes were predominantly α phase. The total crystallinity was 48.7% with perfect spherulites. Whereas the crystallization behavior of solution-cast membranes was related to the evaporation temperature and the additive, when the evaporation temperature was 140 °C with a soluble additive in the dope solution, obvious spherulites appeared. The crystalline morphology of PVDF exerted a great influence on the tensile strength of the membranes, which was much higher with perfect spherulites.
Determination and Comparison of Seed Oil Triacylglycerol Composition of Various Soybeans (Glycine max (L.)) Using 1H-NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kim Won , Rho Ho , Hong Yong , Yeom Myung , Shin Song , Yi Jun , Lee Min-Seuk , Park Hye , Cho Dong
Published: November 2013

Seed oil triacylglycerol (TAG) composition of 32 soybean varieties were determined and compared using 1H-NMR. The contents of linolenic (Ln), linoleic (L), and oleic (O) ranged from 10.7% to 19.3%, 37.4%–50.1%, and 15.7%–34.1%, respectively. As is evident, linoleic acid was the major fatty acid of soybean oil. Compositional differences among the varieties were observed. Natural oils containing unsaturated groups have been regarded as important nutrient and cosmetic ingredients because of their various biological activities. The TAG profiles of the soy bean oils could be useful for distinguishing the origin of seeds and controlling the quality of soybean oils. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which the TAG composition of various soybean oils has been analyzed using the 1H-NMR method.
Folate Deficiency and Folic Acid Supplementation: The Prevention of Neural-Tube Defects and Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Czeizel Andrew , Dudás Istvan , Vereczkey Attila , Bánhidy Ferenc
Published: November 2013

Diet, particularly vitamin deficiency, is associated with the risk of birth defects. The aim of this review paper is to show the characteristics of common and severe neural-tube defects together with congenital heart defects (CHD) as vitamin deficiencies play a role in their origin. The findings of the Hungarian intervention (randomized double-blind and cohort controlled) trials indicated that periconceptional folic acid (FA)-containing multivitamin supplementation prevented the major proportion (about 90%) of neural-tube defects (NTD) as well as a certain proportion (about 40%) of congenital heart defects. Finally the benefits and drawbacks of three main practical applications of folic acid/multivitamin treatment such as (i) dietary intake; (ii) periconceptional supplementation; and (iii) flour fortification are discussed. The conclusion arrived at is indeed confirmation of Benjamin Franklin’s statement: “An ounce of prevention is better than a pound of care”.
History of Water Cisterns: Legacies and Lessons
Authors: Mays Larry , Antoniou George , Angelakis Andreas
Published: November 2013

The use of water cisterns has been traced back to the Neolithic Age; this paper thus presents a brief historical development of water cisterns worldwide over the last 5500 years. This paper is not an exhaustive presentation of all that is known today about water cisterns, but rather provides some characteristic examples of cistern technology in a chronological manner extending from prehistoric times to the present. The examples of water cistern technologies and management practices given in this paper may have some importance for water resource sustainability for the present and future. Cisterns have been used to store both rainfall runoff water and aqueduct water originating in springs and streams for the purpose of meeting water needs through seasonal variations. Cisterns have ranged in construction from simple clay pots to large underground structures.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Multiple Sclerosis Patients have Distinct Gene Expression Profile and Decreased Suppressive Function Compared with Healthy Counterparts
Authors: De Oliveira Gislane L. V. , De Lima Kalil W. A. , Colombini Amanda M. , Pinheiro Daniel G. , Panepucci Rodrigo A. , Palma Patrícia V. B. , Brum Doralina G. , Covas Dimas T. , Simões Belinda P. , De Oliveira Maria C. , Donadi Eduardo A. , Malmegrim Kelen C. R.
Published: November 2013

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, due to an immune reaction against myelin proteins. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) present immunosuppressive effects and have been used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In our study, gene expression profile and in vitro immunomodulatory function tests were used to compare bone marrow-derived MSCs obtained from MS patients, at pre- and postautologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) with those from healthy donors. Patient MSCs comparatively exhibited i) senescence in culture; ii) similar osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential; iii) decreased expression of CD105, CD73, CD44, and HLA-A/B/C molecules; iv) distinct transcription at pre-AHSCT compared with control MSCs, yielding 618 differentially expressed genes, including the downregulation of TGFB1 and HGF genes and modulation of the FGF and HGF signaling pathways; v) reduced antiproliferative effects when pre-AHSCT MSCs were cocultured with allogeneic T-lymphocytes; vi) decreased secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β in supernatants of both cocultures (pre- and post-AHSCT MSCs); and vii) similar percentages of regulatory cells recovered after MSC cocultures. The transcriptional profile of patient MSCs isolated 6 months posttransplantation was closer to pre-AHSCT samples than from healthy MSCs. Considering that patient MSCs exhibited phenotypic changes, distinct transcriptional profile and functional defects implicated in MSC immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive activity, we suggest that further MS clinical studies should be conducted using allogeneic bone marrow MSCs derived from healthy donors. We also demonstrated that treatment of MS patients with AHSCT does not reverse the transcriptional and functional alterations observed in patient MSCs.
L'accueil des enfants du voyage : d'un dispositif académique à son appropriation par les acteurs éducatifs des écoles élémentaires
Authors: Chartier Marie
Published: November 2013

À partir d’une expérience de scolarisation en camion-école, un dispositif d’accueil scolaire pour les enfants du voyage s’est progressivement construit dans un département du sud de la France. Proche des recommandations officielles, il offre, en complément d’une intégration dans des classes ordinaires, des séances de soutien scolaire quotidiennes pour les élèves en retard ou en difficulté dans les apprentissages fondamentaux. Bien que pensé au niveau de l’Académie comme un mode homogène d’organisation de l’action éducative, il s’avère que l’application de ce dispositif dans les écoles est modelée par l’implication qu’il suscite auprès des directeurs et des enseignants des établissements scolaires. Deux espaces de régulation de l’action éducative seront étudiés. Tout d’abord, au sein de l’Académie où la définition de la contribution des différents acteurs impliqués, qu’ils soient institutionnels ou associatifs, participe à la construction du dispositif. Puis, dans les classes où sa mise en œuvre diffère selon les modalités de co-intervention définis entre les acteurs de l’école et l’intervenant en soutien scolaire.