bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Home Before Night
Authors: Leonard Hugh
Published: January 2021

In dieser Rubrik Texte ums Theater stellen wir historische und zeitgenössische, kulturübergreifende bzw. -spezifische, unvermutet schräge, ungewöhnlich spannende, verstörend mitreißende, faszinierend schillernde etc. Perspektiven aufs Theater vor. Im folgenden autobiografischen Text erinnert sich der irische Schriftsteller Hugh Leonard an Erlebnisse aus seinen Jugendjahren. Diese wurden zum Auslöser für sein zunehmendes Theaterinteresse und stellten Weichen für seine spätere Karriere als Dramatiker. Jeden Morgen, wenn man hereinkam, trug man sich im Anwesenheitsbuch ein, und Mr. Drumm brachte es dann zu seinem eigenen Tisch und strich die Namen der Zuspätkommenden mit roter Tinte an. Eines Tages wollte er gerade das Buch nehmen, sah es dann aber genau an. “Kommen Sie her und unterschreiben Sie, Mr. Kennedy”, sagte er. “Oh, ich hab schon unterschrieben”, sagte Mr. Kennedy, ohne sich von seinem Stuhl zu bewegen, und tatsächlich hatte Jack gesehen, wie er sich mit einem Bleistift über das Buch gebeugt hatte. “Sie haben Ihren Namen nicht eingetragen”, sagte Mr. Drumm. “Kommen Sie her und tun Sie das jetzt.” “Na, aber ich hab wirklich schon unterschrieben”, sagte Mr. Kennedy gutgelaunt. In Mr. Drumms Gesicht breitete sich eine gewisse Röte aus. “Und ich sage Ihnen, Sie haben nicht unterschrieben. Jetzt unterschreiben Sie, oder Sie werden als abwesend ...
In diesem Ansatz steckt noch viel mehr drin!
Authors: Walter Maik
Published: January 2021

Die ErziehungswissenschaftlerInnen Andrea Batzel und Thorsten Bohl sowie die Linguistin Doreen Bryant legen dort auf 164 Seiten die Evaluation des Tübinger Theatercamps "Stadt der Kinder" vor. Nachdem das theoretische (Sprachförder-)Konzept (11-29) und die theoretischen (erziehungswissenschaftlichen) Grundlagen (S. 30-55) vorgestellt worden sind, werden die Forschungsfragen (56-59), die Methode (60-83) sowie die Ergebnisse (84-141) präsentiert und abschließend diskutiert (142-149). Die Ausführungen zum theoretischen (Sprachförder-)Konzept bestehen im Kern aus der leicht veränderten Fassung des bereits in Scenario 1/2012 publizierten, online frei verfügbaren Aufsatzes zum Pfingstcamp DaZ und Theater: Der dramapädagogische Ansatz zur Förderung der Bildungssprache. In den erziehungswissenschaftlichen Grundlagen werden die im Projekt evaluierten (nichtsprachlichen) Kompetenzen vorgestellt. Der pädagogisch-wissenschaftliche Duktus ist in diesem Kapitel streckenweise für DramapädagogInnen gewöhnungsbedürftig, umkreist aber viele auch für uns relevante Fragen: Was heißt genau sozial kompetent zu sein und wie kann eine solche Kompetenz evaluiert werden? Dieser Duktus mag auch daran liegen, dass diese Abschnitte zum Teil unter Mitarbeit von Studierenden entstanden sind. Die Ergebnisse einer meist mit viel Engagement und Energie angefertigten Abschlussarbeit werden nicht nur von den zu gutachtenden Hochschullehrenden zur Kenntnis genommen, sondern einer interessierten Öffentlichkeit zur Verfügung gestellt. Unter dem Aspekt einer in die aktuelle Forschung eingebundenen Lehre sowie der auf diese Weise praktizierten ...
Der künstlerisch-ästhetische Aspekt im dramapädagogischen Fremdsprachenlernen
Authors: Hensel Alexandra
Published: January 2021

Folgende Rahmenbedingungen bestehen: Der Kurs findet an der Universität einmal wöchentlich für 120 Minuten statt, die Teilnehmer sind internationale Studierende mit den Niveaus B2/C1 und in der Regel sind sie zwischen 19 und 25 Jahren, vereinzelt gibt es aber auch ältere Teilnehmer. Der Kurs setzt sich meistens aus ca. 12 Studierenden zusammen. In der ersten Sitzung tauschen wir uns über unsere Theatererfahrungen und die Erwartungen an den Kurs aus. Anschließend erkläre ich den Ablauf des Kurses und empfehle, dass sich jeder hier ausprobieren – vielleicht auch einmal über seine Grenzen hinausschnuppern – sollte, aber natürlich jederzeit auch die Möglichkeit hat, etwas abzulehnen, was ihm nicht zusagt. Das halte ich besonders in einem internationalen Kurs für wichtig, denn Theaterarbeit ist auch körperlich. Fast jeder präsentiert sich zum ersten Mal und aus der jeweils eigenen Perspektive gibt es diesbezüglich eine andere Wahrnehmung. Dies soll auch im Kurs bewusst gemacht werden. Jeder sollte sich ebenfalls dazu verpflichten, regelmäßig und pünktlich zu erscheinen, da es die ganze Theatergruppe betrifft, wenn ein Teilnehmer fehlt. In aller Regel gelingt dies auch. Der Ablauf für die kommenden Stunden ist folgender: Beim Warm-up machen wir beispielsweise folgende Übungen: In dieser Phase gibt es in der Regel jedes Mal ...
Nils Bernstein und Charlotte Lerchner (Hrsg.): Ästhetisches Lernen im DaF-/DaZ-Unterricht. Literatur – Theater – Bildende Kunst – Musik – Film.
Authors: Dengscherz Sabine
Published: January 2021

§ Die in Buchrezensionen vertretenen Ansichten und Meinungen sind die der jeweiligen Rezensentinnen und Rezensenten und reflektieren nicht notwendigerweise die Position von SCENARIO.§ Das Potenzial ästhetischen Lernens könnte im Fremd- und Zweitsprachenunterricht noch viel stärker genützt werden. Dies ist der Grundtenor des von Nils Bernstein und Charlotte Lerchner herausgegebenen Sammelbandes „Ästhetisches Lernen im DaF-/DaZ-Unterricht“, in dem auch gleich viele Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt werden, wie dieses Potenzial ausgeschöpft werden könnte. Der Band geht auf einen DaF-Kongress im März 2013 an der Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) in Mexiko-Stadt zurück. Die Buchpublikation wurde um die Dimension DaZ erweitert und versammelt 25 Beiträge mit theoretischen Überlegungen, empirischen Forschungsergebnissen und vor allem vielen praktischen Anregungen zum ästhetischen Lernen im DaF/DaZ-Unterricht. Dabei wird Ästhetik nicht nur im engen Sinne einer „allgemeinen Theorie des Schönen“, sondern auch in der ursprünglich viel weiter gefassten Bedeutung des altgriechischen Begriffs aisthesis verstanden, der „erst einmal nur wertfrei Wahrnehmung“ meint (vgl. u.a. den Beitrag von Susanne Even, S. 192). So können sinnliche Wahrnehmung und die damit einhergehenden Emotionen, Gedanken, Eindrücke als Voraussetzung für die Auseinandersetzung mit künstlerischen Qualitäten analysiert und fruchtbar gemacht werden. Der Band ist in Abschnitte zu Literatur, Theater, Bildende Kunst, Musik und Film gegliedert, wobei die Grenzen ...
Bericht zum 26. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Fremdsprachenforschung zum Thema “Sprachen lehren”
Authors: Giebert Stefanie
Published: January 2021

Der zweijährig stattfindende Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Fremdsprachenforschung (DGFF) ist eine der großen Fremdsprachendidaktik-Tagungen im deutschsprachigen Raum. Vom 30.09.- 03.10.2015 fand der diesjährige Kongress an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Ludwigsburg statt und wurde von ungefähr 400 TeilnehmerInnen besucht. Die TeilnehmerInnen rekrutieren sich normalerweise hauptsächlich aus Lehrenden und Forschenden aus der universitären Fremdsprachendidaktik und Lehrerseminaren sowie Lehrkräften aller Schultypen. In 12 Sektionen und 12 AG-ähnlichen „freien Formaten“ deckte der Kongress eine sehr große Bandbreite von Themen ab; die dramapädagogisch orientierten Vorträge verteilten sich über verschiedene Sektionen.1 Der vorliegende Bericht konzentriert sich auf diese Vorträge sowie ein dem Thema Dramapädagogik gewidmetes AG-Format. Carola Surkamp (Universität Göttingen) beschäftigte sich in ihrem Vortrag mit dem Thema „Handlungsorientierte Methoden im fremdsprachlichen Literaturunterricht – eine Videographiestudie“.2 Die Studie wurde im Englisch- und Französisch-Unterricht verschiedener Klassenstufen eines Gymnasiums durchgeführt. Ziel war es herauszufinden, was Lehrkräfte unter Handlungsorientierung verstehen, wofür handlungsorientierte Elemente eingesetzt werden und wie handlungsorientierte Unterrichtseinheiten typischerweise ablaufen. Es stellte sich heraus, dass die an der Studie teilnehmenden Lehrkräfte unter handlungsorientiert offenbar vielfach einen Unterricht mit dramapädagogischen Elementen verstanden. Im Vortrag wurde ein Beispiel aus dem Literaturunterricht Englisch der 11. Klasse (zu Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice) vorgestellt. Hier arbeiteten die SchülerInnen mit Rollenbiographien und Standbildern ...
Хроника жизни начала XX в.
Authors: Машкевич Татьяна
Published: January 2021

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Wmurowanie kamienia węgielnego pod budowę Muzeum Karaimskiego w Trokach
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

W słoneczny letni dzień 6 lipca 1938 roku miała miejsce w Trokach ważna uroczystość – przy udziale przedstawicieli władz państwowych, karaimskiego duchowieństwa i licznie zgromadzonych członków społeczności wmurowano kamień węgielny pod budowę muzeum karaimskiego.
Wujcio Naczelnik
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

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Dorota Pilecka
Authors: Pilecki Konstanty
Published: January 2021

W tym roku przypada „prawdopodobnie” setna rocznica śmierci Doroty Pileckiej z Maleckich. Piszę prawdopodobnie, gdyż nie udało mi się dotrzeć do danych metrykalnych, a rok 1909 jako data śmierci zapisany jest w komputerowej bazie genealogicznej bez wzmianki o jej pochodzeniu.
Życie w dawnym Łucku
Authors: Rudkowski Sergiusz , Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

Przed ponad 80 laty Sergiusz Rudkowski (1873–1944) snuł na łamach „Karaj Awazy” opowieść o łuckich Karaimach z jeszcze dawniejszych czasów. Opowieść to barwna i choć czasem autor, upiększając dni minione, nazbyt popuszcza wodze fantazji, umieścił w niej wiele szczegółów, których próżno szukać w archiwalnych dokumentach czy pracach naukowych.
W poszukiwaniu utraconej pamięci
Authors: Schpakowsky–Mainguy Irina , Zajączkowska-Łopatto Maria-Emilia
Published: January 2021

Kiedy chce się wiedzieć, nie wiadomo do kogo się zwrócić. A kiedy pragnie się coś odnaleźć nie wiadomo, gdzie i jak szukać.
Klęska Austriaka pod Wilnem
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

Karl-Markus Gauss i tajemniczy Karaimi
Karaimskie sympozjum w Uppsali
Authors: Abkowicz Mariola , Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

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Ze wspomnień Arkadiusza Szpakowskiego
Authors: Szpakowski Arkadiusz , Mainguy Schpakovsky Irène , Zajączkowska-Łopatto Maria-Emilia
Published: January 2021

Beztroskie dzieciństwo, trudne lata szkolne, a potem spokojne życie rodzinne, któremu zagroził „czerwony terror”.
Sekundomierz Jurka Zajączkowskiego wciąż chodzi…
Authors: Szpakowski Romuald
Published: January 2021

Karelska telewizja wiele zawdzięcza chłopakowi z ulicy Gimnazjalnej
X razy Karaimi
Authors: Kobecki Michał
Published: January 2021

Tak, to już dziesiąty raz poznawaliśmy w Trokach mowę przodków! Jak zawsze, oprócz nauki była też znakomita zabawa.
В Симферополе
Authors: Шайтанов Сергей
Published: January 2021

W Symferopolu 9 grudnia odbyło się spotkanie organizacyjne, podczas którego przedstawiciele czterech z pięciu stowarzyszeń religijnych Karaimów Symferopola podjęli decyzję o połączeniu sił i podjęciu wspólnych starań o zwrot budynku kienesy oraz odbudowę karaimskiego życia religijnego miasta. Organizacją przewodnią jest „Czołpan”, na której czele stoi Dmitrij Połkanow (Kalfa). Na zabraniu wybrano również dwóch hazzanów, Aleksandra Babadżana i Igora Szajtanowa oraz zarząd w składzie: Garri Babadżan, Sergiej Dżek-Nawarow (Telał), Jewgenij Snigirjow (Babowicz), Ilia Feruz, Sergiej Szajtanow i Jurij Czerkasow (Ormeli). Do nowej organizacji nie przyłączyła się wspólnota kierowana przez Wiaczesława Lebiediewa.
Anna Bałdży – słowik Eupatorii
Authors: Juchniewicz Ludmiła , Abkowicz Mariola
Published: January 2021

Obdarzona pięknym głosem Ciocia Ania była skarbnicą karaimskich piosenek, a także przysłów i powiedzonek.
Fotograficznych zagadek ciąg dalszy
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

Wspólnymi siłami udało się ustalić, kogo przedstwiają dawne zdjęcia
Nad Cisą o Karaimach
Authors: Sulimowicz Anna
Published: January 2021

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Ksenia Abkowicz
Authors: Zajączkowska-Łopatto Maria-Emilia
Published: January 2021

Córka generał-alekarza, była jedną z pierwszych Karaimek, które zdobyły wyższe wykształcenie i łączyły pracę na niwie społecznej z pracą zawodową. Wydała tylko jeden tomik poezji w języku rosyjskim. Jej wiersze dopiero dziś zaczynają cieszyć się uznaniem.
Moje spotkania z Iwanem Karakozem
Authors: Błaszczyk Barbara
Published: January 2021

Pani Barbara Błaszczyk z Wrocławia dzieli się z nami wspomnieniami z ponad 40-letniej znajomości ze znanym czeskim naukowcem, potomkiem krymskich Karaimów. Niełatwe życie w trudnych czasach, momenty wzruszeń, ale i uśmiechu...
Z dokumentów przeszłości
Authors: Zarachowicz Zarach
Published: January 2021

W archiwum Koła Pań Karaimskich w Haliczu zachował się tekst referatu wygłoszonego 24 listopada 1935 r. podczas obchodów 250 rocznicy przybycia z Derażna na Wołyniu uczonego męża Józefa syna Szemuela HaMaszbira.
To, co mało znane i zapomniane
Authors: Czeremuszkin Piotr , Firkowicz Eugenia
Published: January 2021

Mija właśnie 35 lat od śmierci Artysty. Cioteczny wnuk przybliża jego postać i twórczość we wspomnieniowym artykule napisanym kilka lat temu z okazji jubileuszu urodzin.
Oddać życie to za mało
Authors: Dubiński Adam J.
Published: January 2021

Dlaczego wojenne dokonania Karaima z Eupatorii nie doczekały się właściwego uznania.
Współczesnym okiem
Authors: Abkowicz Mariola
Published: January 2021

Komentarz do tekstu: On jednak będąc miłosierny...
Z Rosji przez Konstantynopol do Paryża
Authors: Prik Michel , Pilecka Hanna
Published: January 2021

Michel Prik, późniejszy żołnierz francuskich wojsk spadochronowo-desantowych i powojenny organizator spadochroniarstwa sportowego dorastał w wielokulturowym środowisku.
Maria Emilia Łopatto
Authors: Pilecka Hanna
Published: January 2021

Kochanej Cioci z najserdeczniejszymi życzeniami z okazji okrągłej rocznicy urodzin oraz z wyrazami podziwu, że tak pięknie urządziła nowe warszawskie mieszkanie.
Trocki mieszczanin kupcem i fabrykantem w Warszawie
Authors: Dubiński Adam J.
Published: January 2021

Ogłoszenia w prasie warszawskiej sprzed I wojny światowej pozwalają prześledzić sukcesy zawodowe i tragedie rodzinne osiadłego nad Wisłą troczanina, Józefa Kapłanowskiego.
APPLICATION OF SKEWNESS IN PASSING OF ARCH-GARCH MODEL COMMENCE FOR CURRENCY PORTFOLIOS
Authors: Ахмад Муніб , Хан Юсаф Алі , Іштіак Іртаза , Масуд Мухаммед
Published: January 2021

The paper uses Coskewness as risk measure, average return and gives detail of efficient skewness (gamma) of a diversity of currency portfolios. This paper also applies ARCH-GARCH model, significant properties of GARCH allow to efficient modeling financial time series having obese conclusions. Then, we connect Coskewness with ARCH-GARCH models to optimize currency portfolio. To conclude, an empirical study of ten currency portfolios from Pakistan currency exchange market is performed and all the results suggest that Coskewness can better characterized the risk-adjustment and average variance and the performance of ARCH-GARCH model is better than that of ARIMA model in portfolio optimization.
Basic Approaches to the Effective Redistribution of Financial Resources at Different Stages of the Long Waves
Authors: Pavlov R.N.
Published: January 2021

The paper considers the basic approaches to the effective redistribution of financial resources at different stages of the long waves. It is shown that under formation of the financial bubble in the economy the investment in the real assets and not the financial ones becomes justified in order to restrict the formation of that bubble and respectively to avoid the overestimation of the assets of the emerging long wave, and under the transition of the stage of growth to the stage of maturity it is worthwhile to use the instruments of bank crediting which are used until the risk of reinvesting into the new sectors of the deploying long wave happens.
Correlation of Labor Productivity and GDP with the Unemployment Rate: Reflections, Formulas and Calculations
Authors: Vinokurov E.F.
Published: January 2021

The paper describes an attempt to quantify the dependence of labor productivity in the national economy on the level of unemployment. The existence of a positive relationship between these indicators follows from general theoretical considerations. We considered the hypothesis that labor productivity is a power function of the capital ratio, adjusted for a multiplier, the value of which is determined by the level of unemployment and reflects the associated changes in the efficiency of capital use. Parameters of the corresponding regression equation built on the basis of the official Russian statistics for 1996-2018 years were determined. Based on the calculations, an approximate estimate of the impact of changes in labor productivity depending on fluctuations in the unemployment rate is given. In addition, we propose a modification of the Cobb-Douglas production function that follows from the considered labor efficiency model, which is also used for calculations.
REVIEW Assessing North Atlantic right whale health: threats, and development of tools critical for conservation of the species
Authors: Moore MJ , Rowles TK , Fauquier DA , Baker JD , Biedron I , Durban JW , Hamilton PK , Henry AG , Knowlton AR , McLellan WA , Miller CA , Pace RM , Pettis HM , Raverty S , Rolland RM , Schick RS , Sharp SM , Smith CR , Thomas L , van der Hoop JM , Ziccardi MH
Published: January 2021

Whaling has decimated North Atlantic right whalesEubalaena glacialis(NARW) since the 11thcentury and southern right whalesE. australis(SRW) since the 19thcentury. Today, NARWs are Critically Endangered and decreasing, whereas SRWs are recovering. We review NARW health assessment literature, NARW Consortium databases, and efforts and limitations to monitor individual and species health, survival, and fecundity. Photographs are used to track individual movement and external signs of health such as evidence of vessel and entanglement trauma. Post-mortem examinations establish cause of death and determine organ pathology. Photogrammetry is used to assess growth rates and body condition. Samples of blow, skin, blubber, baleen and feces quantify hormones that provide information on stress, reproduction, and nutrition, identify microbiome changes, and assess evidence of infection. We also discuss models of the population consequences of multiple stressors, including the connection between human activities (e.g. entanglement) and health. Lethal and sublethal vessel and entanglement trauma have been identified as major threats to the species. There is a clear and immediate need for expanding trauma reduction measures. Beyond these major concerns, further study is needed to evaluate the impact of other stressors, such as pathogens, microbiome changes, and algal and industrial toxins, on NARW reproductive success and health. Current and new health assessment tools should be developed and used to monitor the effectiveness of management measures and will help determine whether they are sufficient for a substantive species recovery.
Spatial ecology of endangered roseate terns and foraging habitat suitability around a colony in the western North Atlantic
Authors: Pratte I , Ronconi RA , Craik SR , McKnight J
Published: January 2021

Predicting habitat suitability and understanding habitat utilization are important to inform and orient conservation and management decisions for the recovery of endangered species. In North America, the roseate tern Sterna dougallii is listed as endangered in both the northeastern USA and Canada, where little is known about the foraging spatial ecology of the species. We equipped breeding roseate terns with miniature GPS tracking devices during incubation at North Brother Island, the main Canadian colony. Our aim was to characterize the spatial foraging ecology of the species, identify marine zones of importance, and develop a habitat suitability model around the colony. Our results provide novel, high resolution information on individual foraging trips, notably showing that individuals restricted their range around the colony (15.4 km) while performing multiple foraging trips: up to 11 daytime trips and a maximum total of 152.9 km travelled per day. Roseate terns concentrated their foraging effort around the colony and further south along the coast to the Cockerwit Passage. Using distance from colony, sea surface temperature, distance from land, bathymetry, and subtidal substrate type as covariates in a habitat suitability model, a high proportion of the deviance was explained (72.4%); the model also predicted high occurrence of foraging near the colony, in Cockerwit Passage, and at additional sites to which the birds were not tracked. Along with the description of important marine areas for roseate terns nesting on North Brother Island, this habitat suitability model provides a relevant and essential context for understanding roseate tern habitat use in a broad sense, but with a focus on habitat requirements during incubation.
Transient Upregulation of Protein Kinase C in Pressure-Overloaded Neonatal Rat Myocardium
Authors: Hamplová B , Novák F , Kolář F
Published: January 2021

Protein kinase C (PKC) appears to play a significant role in the signal transduction of cardiac growth and development. The aim of this study was to determine changes in the total PKC activity and the expression of PKC isoforms α, δ and ε in the rat heart that was affected by pressure overload imposed at postnatal day (d) 2. Three groups of Wistar rats were employed for the experiment: rats submitted to the abdominal aortic constriction (AC), sham-operated controls (SO) and intact controls. Animals were sacrificed at d2, d3, d5 and d10. The total PKC activity was measured by the incorporation of 32P into histone IIIS and the expression of PKC was analyzed by immunoblotting in the homogenate of the left ventricular myocardium and in the cytosolic, membrane-enriched (105 × g) and nuclear-cytoskeletalmyofilament-enriched (103 × g) fractions. We observed the significant transient increase in both the total PKC activity and the expression of all isoforms at d5 (the 3rd day after the operation) in the cardiac homogenate of AC rats as compared with SO animals. Aortic constriction did not significantly affect the distribution of activity and isoform abundance among individual cellular fractions except for PKCδ, which increased significantly at d10 in the cytosolic fraction at the expense of the membraneenriched fraction. It is concluded that PKCα, PKCδ and PKCε undergo transient upregulation associated with the accelerated cardiac growth induced by pressure overload imposed in the very early postnatal period.
Unusual Order of Chromosome Arrangement Location in Late Prophase - Early Prometaphase of Mitosis in Haploid Maize Plant Obtained With the Use of Mutation ig
Authors: Yudina R. , Levites E.
Published: January 2021

Despite the huge amount of works devoted to the study of mitotic division, there is still a lot of unclear in its mechanisms. For example, insufficient attention has been paid to the processes of cell division in plant forms of different ploidy levels. The literature contains only fragmentary data on haploids in lower plants. This does not allow making any generalizations regarding mitosis in haploids of higher plants. This article presents the results of a cytological study of mitotically dividing cells of haploid maize plants. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of the well-known Chase method, based on the use of genetic markers and the ig mutation (indeterminate gametophyte) for obtaining and detecting haploids. An effective modification of a simple method of acetocarmine staining of cytological preparations is described. An essential result obtained is, in our opinion, the detection of a very brief moment in the state of chromosomes in a dividing cell of a haploid maize plant. This moment is characterized by the fact that the chromatids have already separated and turned into independent chromosomes, but have not yet begun their movement under the action of kinetochore microtubules. It is this feature that made it possible to designate this state as late prophase – early prometaphase of mitosis. An equally important feature of the detected moment is the unusual ordered arrangement of chromosomes, which lie parallel to each other close to each other along their entire length with the centromeres located on one line, which can be considered the equator of the fission spindle. The revealed fact allows us to assume that an essential role in the formation of such an arrangement of chromosomes is played by the bond of chromosomes with the equator of the nuclear membrane and their subsequent connection with the equator of the fission spindle.
The Role of HIV Antiretroviral Medication on Motor-Cognitive and Neurological Alterations in Hispanic People Living with HIV
Authors: Rosario Martín G. , Jamison Leah , Gines Gabriel
Published: January 2021

Motor-Cognitive alterations (MCAs) are associated with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. MCAs create a profound negative impact on their independence causing a burden to caregivers and the health care system. At early stages of the HIV disease, mild MCAs affecting the central nervous system can be identified in individuals with HIV, however, these MCAs increase in severity as time and the condition progress. Despite the prominence of these traits among individuals with HIV, the manifestation and severity of these MCAs are not linear.

Purpose: The aim of this project to assess the impact of medication with MCA's and comorbidities among Hispanics with HIV.

Methods: Data was collected from 575 out of 1,300 participants’ record. Variables related to cd4, blood work, urinalysis, physical activity, and demographics (age, year with diagnosis) we're collected. Data analysis of this study utilizes two types of analysis univariate and bivariate for demographic profile data and to identify correlation of multiple comorbidities and antiretroviral therapy. Then a Pearson chi square was used for the relationship analysis between peripheral neuropathy and antiretroviral therapy. The majority of the subjects were male aged between 81/2- and 451/2-years old living with HIV diagnosis. Mainly, Participants were categorized as having the HIV diagnosis with a cd4 cell count of 598 ± 346.8 cells/uL with a non-detected viral load.

Results: showed the mains comorbidities among individuals with HIV are hypertension 28%, depression 25%, peripheral neuropathy 23.6%. A poor relationship between peripheral neuropathy and individuals with HIV was found using between 2-3 antiretroviral therapy. However, it was not statistically significant (X² (2)> = 1.509, p = .470).

Conclusion: Hispanic living with HIV, MCA's manifest as depression and in some extent peripheral neuropathy. We suggest cardiovascular and psychological testing to all participants suffering with HIV. Additional studies are encouraged for strength test, cardiovascular assessment and physical activity evaluation among these subjects.
A Carbon Fixation Enhanced Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Strain for Achieving the Double-Win Between Growth and Biofuel Production Under Non-stressed Conditions
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Cao Huijiao , Li Xu , Rong Junfeng , Cao Xupeng , Tian Jing
Published: January 2021

The stressed cultivations are widely used in microalgae R&D for the biofuel production with the repress on growth to a certain degree, which limits the overall productivity. The balance between the growth and energy storage compounds accumulation is a target needing the combination of both strain selection or construction and culture optimization. Here, an engineered strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, in which the chloroplast type glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (cGAPDH) was overexpressed and named as P3-GAPDH, was cultured on the Algal Station platform. Compared with wild type (WT), C. reinhardtii CC137c, in Tris-acetate-phosphate (TAP) medium, the highest density of WT and P3-GAPDH were 1.23 ± 0.13 and 1.74 ± 0.09 g L–1 within 96 h, and the maximum biomass productivity was 24.30 ± 1.65 and 28.54 ± 1.43 mg L–1 h–1, respectively. In terms of the energy storage compounds, both carbohydrate and fatty acids content doubled in P3-GAPDH, from 0.13 ± 0.02 to 0.26 ± 0.04 g L–1 for carbohydrate and from 0.08 ± 0.01 to 0.16 ± 0.01 g L–1 for fatty acids, among which poly unsaturated fatty acids increased by 65.8%. Together with the continuous monitor of the chlorophyll fluorescence dynamics parameters Fv/Fm and Fv’/Fm’ and pH of culture, enhanced Calvin cycle by overexpressed cGAPDH promoted the carbon conversion and subsequent energy storage compounds accumulation. C. reinhardtii P3-GAPDH strain showed the potential as a good chassis with high carbon conversion ability.
Simulation Analysis of Impulsive Ankle Push-Off on the Walking Speed of a Planar Biped Robot
Authors: Ji Qiaoli , Qian Zhihui , Ren Lei , Ren Luquan
Published: January 2021

Ankle push-off generates more than 80% positive power at the end of the stance phase during human walking. In this paper, the influence of impulsive ankle push-off on the walking speed of a biped robot is studied by simulation. When the push-off height of the ankle joint is 13 cm based on the ground (the height of the ankle joint of the swing leg) and the ankle push-off torque increases from 17 to 20.8 N·m, the duration of the swinging leg actually decreases from 50 to 30% of the gait cycle, the fluctuation amplitude of the COM (center of mass) instantaneous speed of the robot decreases from 95 to 35% of the maximum speed, and the walking speed increases from 0.51 to 1.14 m/s. The results demonstrate that impulsive ankle push-off can effectively increase the walking speed of the planar biped robot by accelerating the swing leg and reducing the fluctuation of the COM instantaneous speed. Finally, a comparison of the joint kinematics of the simulation robot and the human at a normal walking speed shows similar motion patterns.
Bioinspired Modifications of PEEK Implants for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Gu Xinming , Sun Xiaolin , Sun Yue , Wang Jia , Liu Yiping , Yu Kaixuan , Wang Yao , Zhou Yanmin
Published: January 2021

In recent years, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been increasingly employed as an implant material in clinical applications. Although PEEK is biocompatible, chemically stable, and radiolucent and has an elastic modulus similar to that of natural bone, it suffers from poor integration with surrounding bone tissue after implantation. To improve the bioactivity of PEEK, numerous strategies for functionalizing the PEEK surface and changing the PEEK structure have been proposed. Inspired by the components, structure, and function of bone tissue, this review discusses strategies to enhance the biocompatibility of PEEK implants and provides direction for fabricating multifunctional implants in the future.
Structural Insights Into m6A-Erasers: A Step Toward Understanding Molecule Specificity and Potential Antiviral Targeting
Authors: Bayoumi Mahmoud , Munir Muhammad
Published: January 2021

The cellular RNA can acquire a variety of chemical modifications during the cell cycle, and compelling pieces of evidence highlight the importance of these modifications in determining the metabolism of RNA and, subsequently, cell physiology. Among myriads of modifications, methylation at the N6-position of adenosine (m6A) is the most important and abundant internal modification in the messenger RNA. The m6A marks are installed by methyltransferase complex proteins (writers) in the majority of eukaryotes and dynamically reversed by demethylases such as FTO and ALKBH5 (erasers). The incorporated m6A marks on the RNA transcripts are recognized by m6A-binding proteins collectively called readers. Recent epigenetic studies have unequivocally highlighted the association of m6A demethylases with a range of biomedical aspects, including human diseases, cancers, and metabolic disorders. Moreover, the mechanisms of demethylation by m6A erasers represent a new frontier in the future basic research on RNA biology. In this review, we focused on recent advances describing various physiological, pathological, and viral regulatory roles of m6A erasers. Additionally, we aim to analyze structural insights into well-known m6A-demethylases in assessing their substrate binding-specificity, efficiency, and selectivity. Knowledge on cellular and viral RNA metabolism will shed light on m6A-specific recognition by demethylases and will provide foundations for the future development of efficacious therapeutic agents to various cancerous conditions and open new avenues for the development of antivirals.
Prenatal Origin of Pediatric Leukemia: Lessons From Hematopoietic Development
Authors: Cazzola Anna , Cazzaniga Giovanni , Biondi Andrea , Meneveri Raffaella , Brunelli Silvia , Azzoni Emanuele
Published: January 2021

Several lines of evidence suggest that childhood leukemia, the most common cancer in young age, originates duringin uterodevelopment. However, our knowledge of the cellular origin of this large and heterogeneous group of malignancies is still incomplete. The identification and characterization of their cell of origin is of crucial importance in order to define the processes that initiate and sustain disease progression, to refine faithful animal models and to identify novel therapeutic approaches. During embryogenesis, hematopoiesis takes place at different anatomical sites in sequential waves, and occurs in both a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-dependent and a HSC-independent fashion. Despite the recently described relevance and complexity of HSC-independent hematopoiesis, few studies have so far investigated its potential involvement in leukemogenesis. Here, we review the current knowledge on prenatal origin of leukemias in the context of recent insights in developmental hematopoiesis.
Sensitive Immunoassay Detection of Plasmodium Lactate Dehydrogenase by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Mu Jianbing , Yu Lee L. , Wellems Thomas E.
Published: January 2021

Rapid, reliable, and sensitive detection of Plasmodium infection is central to malaria control and elimination. Many Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) developed for this purpose depend upon immunoassays that can be improved by advances in bound antibody sensor technology. In a previous study, immuno-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was shown to provide highly sensitive detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) in monoclonal antibody (mAb) sandwich assays. Here, we show comparably high immunoassay sensitivity by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Following capture of PfLDH with the primary mAb and binding of the AuNP-labeled detection mAb, ICP-MS signals from the AuNPs provided quantitative measures of recombinant PfLDH test dilutions and P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes. A detection limit of 1.5 pg/mL was achieved with the PfLDH protein. Parasitemia in cultures of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes could be detected to a lower limit of 1.6 parasite/μl (p/μl) for early ring-stage forms and 0.3 p/μl for mixed stages including mature trophozoites and schizont-stages. These results show that ICP-MS detection of AuNPs can support highly sensitive and accurate detection of Plasmodium infection.
Reporting on Science as an Ongoing Process (or Not)
Authors: Slater Matthew H. , Scholfield Emily R. , Moore J. Conor
Published: January 2021

Efforts to cultivate scientific literacy in the public are often aimed at enabling people to make more informed decisions — both in their own lives (e.g., personal health, sustainable practices, &c.) and in the public sphere. Implicit in such efforts is the cultivation of some measure of trust of science. To what extent does science reporting in mainstream newspapers contribute to these goals? Is what is reported likely to improve the public's understanding of science as a process for generating reliable knowledge? What are its likely effects on public trust of science? In this paper, we describe a content analysis of 163 instances of science reporting in three prominent newspapers from three years in the last decade. The dominant focus, we found, was on particular outcomes of cutting-edge science; it was comparatively rare for articles to attend to the methodology or the social–institutional processes by which particular results come about. At best, we argue that this represents a missed opportunity.
Gender Stereotypes in Student Evaluations of Teaching
Authors: Renström Emma A. , Gustafsson Sendén Marie , Lindqvist Anna
Published: January 2021

This paper tests how gender stereotypes may result in biased student evaluations of teaching (SET). We thereby contribute to an ongoing discussion about the validity and use of SET in academia. According to social psychological theory, gender biases in SET may occur because of a lack of fit between gender stereotypes, and the professional roles individuals engage in. A lack of fit often leads to more negative evaluations. Given that the role as a lecturer is associated with masculinity, women might suffer from biased SET because gender stereotypes indicate that they do not fit with this role. In two 2 × 2 between groups online experiments (N's = 400 and 452), participants read about a fictitious woman or man lecturer, described in terms of stereotypically feminine or masculine behavior, and evaluated the lecturer on different SET outcomes. Results showed that women lecturers were not disfavored in general, but that described feminine or masculine behaviors led to gendered evaluations of the lecturer. The results were especially pronounced in Experiment 2 where a lecturer described as displaying feminine behaviors was expected to also be more approachable, was better liked and the students rather attended their course. However, a lecturer displaying masculine behaviors were instead perceived as being more competent, a better pedagogue and leader. Gender incongruent behavior was therefore not sanctioned by lower SET. The results still support that SET should not be used as sole indicators of pedagogic ability of a lecturer for promotion and hiring decisions because they may be gender-biased.
Development of a Transformable Fast-Flowering Mini-Maize as a Tool for Maize Gene Editing
Authors: McCaw Morgan E. , Lee Keunsub , Kang Minjeong , Zobrist Jacob D. , Azanu Mercy K. , Birchler James A. , Wang Kan
Published: January 2021

Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) is a popular genetic model due to its ease of crossing, well-established toolkits, and its status as a major global food crop. Recent technology developments for precise manipulation of the genome are further impacting both basic biological research and biotechnological application in agriculture. Crop gene editing often requires a process of genetic transformation in which the editing reagents are introduced into plant cells. In maize, this procedure is well-established for a limited number of public lines that are amenable for genetic transformation. Fast-Flowering Mini-Maize (FFMM) lines A and B were recently developed as an open-source tool for maize research by reducing the space requirements and the generation time. Neither line of FFMM were competent for genetic transformation using traditional protocols, a necessity to its status as a complete toolkit for public maize genetic research. Here we report the development of new lines of FFMM that have been bred for amenability to genetic transformation. By hybridizing a transformable maize genotype high Type-II callus parent A (Hi-II A) with line A of FFMM, we introgressed the ability to form embryogenic callus from Hi-II A into the FFMM-A genetic background. Through multiple generations of iterative self-hybridization or doubled-haploid method, we established maize lines that have a strong ability to produce embryogenic callus from immature embryos and maintain resemblance to FFMM-A in flowering time and stature. Using an Agrobacterium-mediated standard transformation method, we successfully introduced the CRISPR-Cas9 reagents into immature embryos and generated transgenic and mutant lines displaying the expected mutant phenotypes and genotypes. The transformation frequencies of the tested genotypes, defined as the numbers of transgenic event producing T1 seeds per 100 infected embryos, ranged from 0 to 17.1%. Approximately 80% of transgenic plants analyzed in this study showed various mutation patterns at the target site. The transformable FFMM line, FFMM-AT, can serve as a useful genetic and genomic resource for the maize community.
Non-immunogenic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, a Promising Way Forward for Allogenic Transplantations for Neurological Disorders
Authors: Frederiksen Henriette Reventlow , Doehn Ulrik , Tveden-Nyborg Pernille , Freude Kristine K.
Published: January 2021

Neurological disorder is a general term used for diseases affecting the function of the brain and nervous system. Those include a broad range of diseases from developmental disorders (e.g., Autism) over injury related disorders (e.g., stroke and brain tumors) to age related neurodegeneration (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), affecting up to 1 billion people worldwide. For most of those disorders, no curative treatment exists leaving symptomatic treatment as the primary mean of alleviation. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) in combination with animal models have been instrumental to foster our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms in the brain. Of specific interest are patient derived hiPSC which allow for targeted gene editing in the cases of known mutations. Such personalized treatment would include (1) acquisition of primary cells from the patient, (2) reprogramming of those into hiPSC via non-integrative methods, (3) corrective intervention via CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing of mutations, (4) quality control to ensure successful correction and absence of off-target effects, and (5) subsequent transplantation of hiPSC or pre-differentiated precursor cells for cell replacement therapies. This would be the ideal scenario but it is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, it would be of great benefit if transplanted hiPSC could be modulated to become invisible to the recipient's immune system, avoiding graft rejection and allowing for allogenic transplantations. This review will focus on the current status of gene editing to generate non-immunogenic hiPSC and how these cells can be used to treat neurological disorders by using cell replacement therapy. By providing an overview of current limitations and challenges in stem cell replacement therapies and the treatment of neurological disorders, this review outlines how gene editing and non-immunogenic hiPSC can contribute and pave the road for new therapeutic advances. Finally, the combination of using non-immunogenic hiPSC and in vivo animal modeling will highlight the importance of models with translational value for safety efficacy testing; before embarking on human trials.
Case Report: Identification of Mutations in LAMP2 in Two Chinese Infants With Danon Disease
Authors: Zhang Luyan , Yang Fan , Chen Mei , Zhou Ming , Qian Tianwei , Mujtaba Mohammed Omer , Mohammed Abdul Haseeb , Yin Jie , Cheng Xueying , Chen Jinlong , Qin Yuming , Yang Shiwei
Published: January 2021

Danon disease (DD) is a monogenic lysosomal storage disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, and variable degrees of intellectual disability. It is caused by a deficiency of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2). Two unrelated boys who presented with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and elevated levels of liver enzymes, and were diagnosed with Danon disease at a very young age, were investigated. One boy was diagnosed at 4 months old and died soon after; his mother also died of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy shortly after his birth. Another developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at 3 months old but reported no significant cardiovascular symptoms during more than 5 years follow-up. Genetic screening found compound variants of LAMP2 and MYH7 in both of them. This report highlights the clinical heterogeneity in DD. The timely identification of LAMP2 mutation plays a critical role in their treatment and family counseling.
Phylogenetic Relationships Within Chrysogorgia (Alcyonacea: Octocorallia), a Morphologically Diverse Genus of Octocoral, Revealed Using a Target Enrichment Approach
Authors: Untiedt Candice Bobby , Quattrini Andrea M. , McFadden Catherine S. , Alderslade Phil A. , Pante Eric , Burridge Christopher P.
Published: January 2021

The octocoral genus Chrysogorgia (Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1864) contains 81 nominal species that are ecologically important components of benthic communities. Taxonomic examination of a large set of samples revealed many provisional new species, exhibiting a wide range of morphological variation. We established nine, distinct morphological groups of Chrysogorgia s.l. that were hypothesized to represent distinct genera. Here, we applied a recently developed universal target enrichment bait method for octocoral exons and ultraconserved elements (UCEs) on 96 specimens varying in morphology, collection ages and DNA quality and quantity to determine whether there was genetic support for these morphologically defined groups. Following Illumina sequencing and SPAdes assembly we recovered 1,682 of 1,700 targeted exon loci and 1,333 of 1,340 targeted UCE loci. Locus recovery per sample was highly variable and significantly correlated with time since specimen collection (2–60 years) and DNA quantity and quality. Phylogenetically informative sites in UCE and exon loci were ∼35% for 50% and 75% taxon-occupancy matrices. Maximum likelihood analyses recovered highly resolved trees with topologies supporting the recognition of 11 candidate genera, corresponding with morphological groups assigned a priori, nine of which are novel. Our results also demonstrate that this target-enrichment approach can be successfully applied to degraded museum specimens of up to 60 years old. This study shows that an integrative approach consisting of molecular and morphological methods will be essential to a proper revision of Chrysogorgia taxonomy and to understand regional diversity of these ecologically important corals.