bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Conceptual Design of AI-enabled Decision Support System for Analysing Donor Behaviour in Non-profit Organisations
Authors: Alsolbi Idrees , Agarwal Renu , Unhelkar Bhuvan , Karimi Faezeh , Al-Jabri Tareq , Samarawickrama Mahendra , Tafavogh Siamak , Prasad Mukesh
Published: May 2023

Analysing and understanding donor behaviour in Non-profit Organisations (NPOs) is challenging due to the lack of human and technical resources. Machine learning (ML) techniques can analyse and understand donor behaviour at a certain level; however, it remains to be seen how to build and design an Artificial Intelligence enabled Decision Support System (AI-enabled DSS) to analyse donor behaviour. Thus, this paper proposes an AI-enabled DSS conceptual design to analyse donor behaviour in NPOs. A conceptual design is created following a Design Science Research approach to evaluate an AI-enabled DSS's initial DPs and features to analyse donor behaviour in NPOs. The evaluation process of the conceptual design applied formative assessment through conducting interviews with stakeholders from NPOs. The interviews were conducted using the Appreciative Inquiry framework to facilitate the process of interviews. The results of analysis based on the interviews provide insightful information not only about the proposed conceptual design for an AI-enabled DSS, but also about what is required to analyse donor behaviour NPOs using DSS. Evaluating the conceptual design results recommend efficiency, effectiveness, flexibility, and useability in the requirements of the AI-enabled DSS. This research contributes to the design knowledge base of AI-enabled DSS for analysing donor behaviour in NPOs. Future research will combine theoretical components to introduce a practical AI-enabled DSS for analysing donor behaviour in NPOs. This research is limited to such analysis on donors who donate money or volunteer time for NPOs.
Neuroprotective Effects of a Serotonin Receptor Peptide Follow-ing Sham vs. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Zucker Rat
Authors: Grinberg Mihal , Burton Julia , Pang Kevin CH , Zimering Mark B
Published: May 2023

Aims: Anxiety, major depressive disorder and accelerated cognitive decline frequently

complicate traumatic brain injury. Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus drive

peripheral inflammation which can accelerate traumatic brain injury-associated

neurodegeneration. The Zucker rat harbors G-protein coupled receptor agonist IgG

autoantibodies and in vitro neurotoxicity caused by these autoantibodies was prevented by a

novel synthetic fragment of the serotonin 2A receptor. The aim of the present study was to test

whether genetic obesity manifested in Zucker diabetic fatty rat is associated with anxiety,

depression and spatial memory impairment induced by mild traumatic brain injury. Furthermore,

we investigated whether these neurobehavioral or neurodegenerative complications can be

lessened by administration of a novel putative neuroprotective peptide.

Methods: Age-matched lean and fatty diabetic Zucker rats were tested in the sucrose

preference test (anhedonia), open field test in bright light (anxiety measure) and the Morris water

maze (spatial memory) prior to receiving a sham-injury or lateral fluid percussion (LFP) mild

traumatic brain injury. Behavioral testing was repeated at 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month

intervals following injury. A synthetic peptide consisting of a portion of the 5-

hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 2A receptor (2 mg/kg) (or vehicle) was administered via

intraperitoneal route every other day for 7 days after sham or LFP injury to lean rats or 7 days

before and after sham or LFP injury to fatty rats.

Results: Sucrose preference decreased transiently (one week after mild traumatic brain injury) in Zucker lean rats indicative of anhedonia. Baseline anxiety-like behavior (bright light, open field test) was lower in fatty vs. lean Zucker rats, and anxiety behavior increased significantly in fatty rats but not lean rats following mild traumatic brain injury. Mild traumatic brain injury impaired recall of spatial memory in fatty and lean rats, and the effect was longer-lasting in fatty rats. A synthetic peptide fragment of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor enhanced recall of

spatial learning one-week after sham injury in Zucker rats and it may have prevented ‘anhedonia’

one-week after TBI (LFP) in a subset of Zucker fatty and lean rats expressing near-normal

baseline sucrose preference. Mean plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor

autoantibody level (determined 2 weeks after injury) was 2.5-fold higher than background, but

did not differ significantly in (sham- vs TBI) Zucker lean rats.

Conclusions: These are the first data to suggest reduced baseline anxiety-like behavior in Zucker fatty (vs. lean) rats. The pronounced increases in anxiety , and spatial memory impairment experienced by Zucker fatty (vs lean) rats following mild traumatic brain injury may have accounted in part for absence of a 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor peptide neuroprotective effect in brain- injured Zucker fatty rats.
Khat-related Fatalities in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Shaikhain Ghassan , Gaballah Mohammed , Alhazmi Ahmad , Khardali Ibrahim , Hakami Ahmad , Oraiby Magbool , Alharbi Sultan , Tobaigi Mohammed , Ghalibi Mohammed , Fageeh Mohsen , Albeishy Mohammed , Attafi Ibraheem
Published: May 2023

Interpreting khat-related fatalities is challenging due to a lack of data on cathinone and cathine reference concentrations in postmortem tissues. This study investigated the autopsy findings and toxicological results of Khat-related fatalities in Saudi Arabia's Jazan region from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. All confirmed cathine and cathinone results in postmortem blood, urine, brain, liver, kidney, and stomach samples were recorded and analyzed. Autopsy findings and the manner and cause of death of the deceased were assessed. Saudi Arabia's Forensic Medicine Center investigated 651 fatality cases over four years. Thirty postmortem samples were positive for khat's active constituents, cathinone and cathine. The percentage of khat-related fatalities was 3% in 2018 and 2019, and increased from 4% in 2020 to 9% in 2021, when compared to all fatal cases. They were all male ranging in age from 23 to 45. Firearm injuries (10 cases), hanging (7 cases), road traffic accident (2 cases), head injury (2 cases), stab wounds (2 cases), poisoning (2 cases), unknown (2 cases), ischemic heart disease (1 case), brain tumor (1 case), and choking (1 case) were responsible for deaths. 57% of postmortem samples tested positive for khat only, while 43% tested positive for khat with other drugs. Amphetamine is the drug most frequently involved. Cathinone and cathine average concentrations were 85 and 486 ng/mL in blood, 69 and 682 ng/mL in brain, 64 and 635 ng/mL in liver, and 43 and 758 ng/mL in kidney. The 10th–90th percentiles of blood concentrations of cathinone and cathine were 18 – 218 ng/mL and 222 – 843 ng/mL, respectively. These findings show that 90% of khat-related fatalities had cathinone concentrations greater than 18 ng/mL and cathine concentrations greater than 222 ng/mL. According to the cause of death, homicidal was most common in fatalities involving khat alone (77%). More research is required, especially toxicological and autopsy findings, to determine the involvement of khat in crimes and fatalities. This study may help forensic scientists and toxicologists investigate khat-related fatalities.
Laser-Metal Interaction with a Pulse Shorter the Ion Period: Ablation Threshold, Electrons Emission and Ions Explosion
Authors: Gamaly Eugene , Juodkazis Saulius
Published: May 2023

Laser energy per unit surface, necessary to trigger the material removal, decreases with the pulse shortening becoming the pulse-time independent in the sub-picosecond range. These pulses are shorter the electron-to-ion energy transfer time and electronic heat conduction time minimizing the energy losses. The electrons receiving the energy larger than the threshold, drag the ions off the surface in the mode of electrostatic ablation. We show that the pulse shorter than the ion period (Shorter-the-Limit (StL)) ejects conduction electrons with the energy larger than the work function (from a metal) leaving the bare ions immobile in a few atomic layers. The electrons emission is followed by the bare ion’s explosion, ablation, and THz radiation from expanding plasma. We compare this phenomenon to the classic photo effect, nanocluster Coulomb explosions, show differences and consider possibilities for detecting the new mode of ablation experimentally by emitted THz radiation and consider applications of high-precision nano-machining with this low intensity irradiation.
Possible Therapeutic Mechanisms and Future Perspectives of Vaginal Microbiota Transplantation
Authors: Tuniyazi Maimaiti , Wang Wenqing , Zhang Naisheng
Published: May 2023

Microbial communities inhabiting the human body play a crucial role in protecting the host against pathogens and inflammation. Disruptions to the microbial composition can lead to various health issues. Microbial transfer therapy (MTT) has emerged as a potential treatment option to address such issues. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the most widely used form of MTT and has been successful in treating several diseases. Another form of MTT is vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT), which involves transferring vaginal microbiota from a healthy female donor to a diseased patient's vaginal cavity with the goal of restoring normal vaginal microbial composition. However, VMT has not been extensively studied due to safety concerns and a lack of research. This paper explores the therapeutic mechanisms of VMT and discusses future perspectives. Further research is necessary to advance the clinical applications and techniques of VMT.
Anti-Candida and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of a Vaginal Gel Formulation: Novel Data Concerning Vaginal Infection and Dysbiosis
Authors: Spaggiari Luca , Squartini Ramos Gianfranco Bruno , Squartini Ramos Caterina Alejandra , Ardizzoni Andrea , Pedretti Natalia , Blasi Elisabetta , De Seta Francesco , Pericolini Eva
Published: May 2023

Vaginal ecosystem is a unique environment where, in physiological conditions, lactobacilli dominate. However, also pathogenic microbial species, responsible of vaginitis and vaginosis, can harbor vaginal microbiota. To extend the data published by De Seta and Larsen in Pathogens (2021), here we analyzed both the anti-Candida and anti-inflammatory properties of the vaginal gel formulation, Respecta® Balance Gel (RBG), commercialized as an adjuvant to treat vaginitis and vaginosis. We evaluated its activity by an in vitro model where a monolayer of A-431 vaginal epithelial cells was infected by Candida albicans in the presence of RBG or the placebo formulation (pRBG). Specifically, we tested the RBG capacity to counteract C. albicans virulence factors as well as their anti-inflammatory properties. Our results show that, unlike the placebo, RBG reduces ,reduces, C. albicans adhesion, its capacity to form hyphae and C. albicans-induced vaginal cell damage. Interestingly, both RBG and pRBG reduce LPS-induced IL-8 secretion (being RBG the most effective) demonstrating that also the placebo retains anti-inflammatory properties. By our experimental approach we highlight the possible role of farnesol on such effects, but we would like to point out that lactic acid, polydextrose and glycogen too must be relevant in the actual application. Taken together, our results show that RBG impairs C. albicans virulence and is able to reduce the inflammation in the vaginal environment, ultimately allowing the establishment of a balanced vaginal ecosystem.
A Study on Dark Triad Personality and Emergency Response and Psychological Adaptation among Young Adults during Pandemic
Authors: Jamal Sidrah , Bhatt Sandhya
Published: May 2023

The present research was titled “A Study on Dark Triad Personality and Emergency Response and Psychological Adaptation among Young Adults during Pandemic.” The purpose of the study was to explore the association between the dimensions of dark triad personality namely narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism and the dimensions of emergency response and psychological adaptation namely worry, agitation, awareness, prosociality, perceived self-efficacy. The correlation between the dimensions of dark triad personality and the dimensions of emergency response and psychological adaptation. Gender differences were also studied for the dimension dark triad personality. The results showed that a strong positive correlation existed between narcissism and agitation, Machiavellianism and worry and Machiavellianism and agitation. Narcissism and psychopathy were found to be strong predictors of agitation. Significant Gender differences were noted on the dimensions of psychopathy and Machiavellianism where males scored higher than females.
The Perception of Property Entrepreneurs in Surakarta City, Indonesia, on the Policy 2 Voluntary Disclosure Program
Authors: Wafi'ah Rizky Astarah  , Asaprima Putra Karunia  , Rihan Mustafa Zahri  , Raymundo Patria Hayu Sasmita
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to determine the individual taxpayers’ perception of property entrepreneurs in Surakarta City regarding the Voluntary Disclosure Program (VDP) on interest in participating in the program. Data were collected by distributing online questionnaires through the WhatsApp application to 22 respondents for 17 days, resulting in 20 valid responses. Furthermore, the descriptive analysis method was used to process and elaborate the data. The results showed that the strongest component to increase the taxpayers’ interest in property entrepreneurs in Surakarta City is a sanction that ensnares tax evaders. Therefore, it is concluded that administrative and criminal tax sanctions are effective in making taxpayers comply with obligations and avoid tax evasion.
Faktor Struktural Social Appearance Anxiety Scale
Authors: Wardani Asti Kusuma , Hidayah Nurul , Safaria Triantoro
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengadaptasi alat ukur social appearance anxiety yang disusun oleh Hart (2008). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah alat ukur cocok untuk remaja di Indonesia. Analisis digunakan untuk melihat faktor struktur dari social appearance anxiety. Sebanyak 100 orang remaja menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa alat ukur ini fit dapat digunakan pada remaja di Indonesia. Hasil tersebut ditunjukkan dari nilai p-value 0,63 (>0,5). Sementara hasil analisis dari RMSEA, dan TLI angka yang diperoleh menunjukkan model fit.

Kata kunci: kecemasan penampilan sosial, struktur faktor
Fat Embolism Syndrome Complicated by Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage After a Minimally Displaced Tibia Fracture
Authors: Seely Kevin D. , Cooper Reese , Machen Aaron , Eggers Ryan
Published: May 2023

Case:

A 26-year-old man with a minimally displaced tibial shaft fracture after an all-terrain vehicle crush injury rapidly developed fat embolism syndrome (FES), leading to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) preoperatively. He was treated with an intramedullary rod 10 days after injury after a complicated clinical course and went on to full union with no long-term mental or systemic sequelae.

Conclusions:

FES is a known complication of long bone fractures, frequently presenting with hypoxemia. DAH is a rare complication of the condition. This case demonstrates the need for a high index of suspicion both for FES and DAH as complications of orthopaedic trauma.
Quantifying medical histories with the Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimator for feature extraction of electronic health records in machine learning
Authors: Sufriyana Herdiantri , Wu Yu Wei , Su Emily Chia-Yu
Published: May 2023

This protocol aimed to describe data transformation procedure of medical histories from electronic health records (EHRs) to historical rates by Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimation. The applicability is to extract features from real-world, time-varying data of EHRs, for developing but not limited to a machine learning prediction model. By this extraction technique, machine can learn medical history of a condition in each healthcare provider, as a differential quantity through time in term of affecting a future health state, without a need to access EHRs of other healthcare providers. However, this protocol needs a sufficient amount of longitudinal data from the most subjects in EHRs. The key stages consisted of time interval computation, historical rate derivation, and data transformation into historical rates.
A simulation-based randomized trial of ABCDE style cognitive aid for emergency medical services CHecklist In Prehospital Settings – the CHIPS-Study
Authors: Droege Helena , Trentzsch Heiko , Zech Alexandra , Prueckner Stephan , Imach Sebastian
Published: May 2023

Background Checklists are a powerful tool for reduction of mortality and morbidity. Checklists structure complex processes in a reproducible manner, optimize team interaction, and prevent errors related to human factors. Despite wide dissemination of the checklist, effects of checklist use in the prehospital emergency medicine are currently unclear. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that participants achieve higher adherence to guideline-recommended actions, manage the scenario more time-efficient, and thirdly demonstrate better adherence to the ABCDE-compliant workflow in a simulated ROSC situation.
Methods CHIPS was a prospective randomized case–control study. Professional emergency medical service (EMS) teams were asked to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on an adult high-fidelity patient simulator achieving ROSC. The intervention group used a checklist which transferred the ERC guideline statements of ROSC into the structure of the ‘ABCDE’ mnemonic. Guideline adherence (performance score, PS), utilization of process time (items/minute) and workflow were measured by analyzing continuous A/V recordings of the simulation. Pre- and post-questionnaires addressing demographics and relevance of the checklist were recorded. Effect sizes were determined by calculating Cohen’s d. The level of significance was defined at p < 0.05.
Results Twenty scenarios in the intervention group (INT) and twenty-one in the control group (CON) were evaluated. The average time of use of the checklist (CU) in the INT was 6.32 min (2.39–9.18 min; SD = 2.08 min). Mean PS of INT was significantly higher than CON, with a strong effect size (p = 0.001, d = 0.935). In the INT, significantly more items were completed per minute of scenario duration (INT, 1.48 items/min; CON, 1.15 items/min, difference: 0.33/min (25%), p = 0.001), showing a large effect size (d = 1.11). The workflow did not significantly differ between the groups (p = 0.079), although a medium effect size was shown (d = 0.563) with the tendency of the CON group deviating stronger from the ABCDE than the INT.
Conclusion Checklists can have positive effects on outcome in the prehospital setting by significantly facilitating adherence to guidelines. Checklist use may be time-effective in the prehospital setting. Checklists based on the ‘ABCDE’ mnemonic can be used according to the ‘do verify’ approach. Team Time Outs are recommended to start and finish checklists.
Solar overall water-splitting by a spin-hybrid all-organic semiconductor
Authors: Lin Xinyu , Hao Yue , Gong Yanjun , Zhou Peng , Ma Dongge , Liu Zhonghuan , Sun Yuming , Sun Hongyang , Chen Yahui , Jia Shuhan , Li Wanhe , Guo Chengqi , Zhou Yiying , Huo Pengwei , Yan Yan , Ma Wanhong , Yuan Shouqi , Zhao Jincai
Published: May 2023

Direct solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion from pure water using all-organic heterogeneous catalysts remains elusive. The challenges are twofold: (i) full-band low-frequent photons in the solar spectrum cannot be harnessed into a unified S1 excited state for water-splitting based on the common Kasha-allowed S0→S1 excitation; (ii) the H+→H2 evolution suffers the high overpotential on pristine organic surfaces. Here, we report an organic molecular crystal nanobelt through the self-assembly of spin-one open-shell perylene diimide diradical anions (:PDI2−) and their tautomeric spin-zero closed-shell quinoid isomers (PDI2−). The self-assembled :PDI2−/PDI2− crystal nanobelt alters the spin-dependent excitation evolution, leading to spin-allowed S0S1→1(TT)→T1 + T1 singlet fission under visible-light (420 nm ~ 700 nm) and a spin-forbidden S0→T1 transition under NIR (700 nm ~ 1100 nm) within spin-hybrid chromophores. With a triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, a newly formed S1 excited state on the diradical-quinoid hybrid induces the H+ reduction through a favorable hydrophilic diradical-mediated electron transfer, which enables simultaneous H2 and O2 production from pure water with an average apparent quantum yield over 1.5% under the visible-to-NIR solar spectrum.
Family history of cancer as a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer in EMRO countries: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis
Authors: Keivanlou Mohammad-Hossein , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Joukar Farahnaz , Letafatkar Negin , Habibi Arman , Norouzi Naeim , Aleali Maryam Sadat , Rafat Zahra , Ashoobi Mohammad Taghi , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Hassanipour Soheil
Published: May 2023

Purpose
To investigated existing articles about the impact of positive family history of cancer on increased risk of colorectal cancer in EMRO countries
Method
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science are selected as our databases. Newcastle-Ottawa (NCO) Checklist is used for quality assessment. Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to compare the effect of family history of cancer in case and control group
Result
Finally, 27 articles are carefully selected to be in our study. Our Meta-analysis showed a significantly positive association between positive family history of ANY Cancer or CRC on increased risk of CRC (OR = 1.76; 95% CI:1.27–2.42; P = 0.001, OR = 2.21; 95% CI:1.54–3.17; P < 0.001 respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed that positive family history of ANY cancer in First-Degree significantly increased the risk of CRC (OR = 2.12; 95% CI:1.65–2.73; P < 0.001). Positive family history of CRC in First-Degree relatives is also associated with increased risk of CRC (OR = 2.19; 95% CI:1.22–3.91; P = 0.008).
Conclusion
Our results show the importance of screening and early identification of patients with family history. Coordinating health care facilities and encouraging people to use screening methods for early detection and therefore better treatment can reduce mortality and financial costs for general public.
Genetic diversity of Tunisian and Indian date palm cultivars and genotypes revealed by AFLP markers
Authors: Karim Kadri , Malik Anoop Anand , Hamza Hammadi , Mohamed Elsafy , Sharma Shyam Sundar
Published: May 2023

Background The date palm breeding programs need to discover useful genetic fingerprints to characterize cultivars and assess their genetic diversity. This study assessed the genetic diversity among thirty-nine date palm cultivars from Tunisia and India using six AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers.
Results A total of 360 loci were amplified, with 127 loci polymorphic (34.35%). The Jaccard's similarity coefficient ranged from 0.161 to 0.931, with the mean genetic distances of 0.568. AFLP's average marker index value was 7.28, with a resolving power of 10.91. The dendrogram showed a clear separation between Tunisian and Indian cultivars.
Furthermore, the heat map analysis allowed the identification of 10 bands specific to the Indian accessions, which were not detected in Tunisian genotypes.
Conclusions These loci could be linked to genes involved in the adaptation of the specie in Indian lands. The current finding can be used in the future breeding program by helping to select accessions adaptable to the specific environment.
Design and Analysis of Meta Resonator-based Tri-Band Antenna for Bio-sensing Applications
Authors: Saranya S , Sharmila B , Jeyakumar P , Muthuchidambaranathan P
Published: May 2023

A meta-material resonating antenna design having a hexagonal patch is proposed for bio sensing applications to work in triband resonating frequencies at 5.2GHz, 9.6GHz and 18.5GHz.The hexagonal patch is built on a dielectric constant of 4.4 FR4 epoxy substrate with a loss tangent of 0.030. Two different antennas are designed and tested with conducting metallic patches bounded by split ring resonator (SRR) slots and closed ring resonator slots which are also hexagon-shaped. Each antenna is capable of resonating at different frequency bands with good wide band characteristics due to the presence of partial ground plane. The hex- SRR resonates at 1.9GHz and 3.1GHz and hexagonal - CRR resonates at 5.2GHz, 9.6GHz, and 18.5GHz frequency bands resulting in multiband resonance characteristics. The proposed antenna is also validated with the study of metamaterial property of hexagonal SRR at the resonant frequency of 5.2GHz hence resulting in a compact (20 x 20 x 1.6) mm3 and more dominant design. Furthermore, the specific absorption rate (SAR) for the three-layer phantom model is confirmed, resulting in superior performance that is more appropriate for biosensing and on-body wearable devices. The testing is performed using E5063A ENA vector network analyzer provided by Keysight technologies. The measured and simulated results are very close, resulting in a better validation of the proposed work.
Gut-Brain rejuvenation: Identification of age associated changes in the neural firing pattern of myenteric primary afferent neurons and vagal fibres that are reversed by the aminosterol, squalamine
Authors: Kunze Wolfgang , Neufeld Karen-Anne McVey , Mao Yu-Kang , West Christine , Stanisz Andrew , Forsythe Paul , Barbut Denise , Zasloff Michael
Published: May 2023

Vagus nerve signaling is a key component of the gut-brain axis and regulates diverse physiological processes that decline with age. Gut to brain vagus firing patterns are regulated by myenteric intrinsic primary afferent neuron (IPAN) to vagus neurotransmission. It remains unclear how IPANs or the afferent vagus age functionally. Here we identified a distinct ageing code in gut to brain neurotransmission defined by consistent differences in firing rates, burst durations, interburst and intraburst firing intervals of IPANs and the vagus, when comparing young and aged neurons. The aminosterol, squalamine, reverted aged neurons to a young phenotype indicating the age associated changes in neural firing patterns are reversable. In contrast to young neurons sertraline failed to increase firing rates in the aged vagus whereas squalamine was still effective. These results may have implications for improved treatments involving pharmacological and electrical stimulation of the vagus for age-related mood and other disorders.
A Deterministic Wigner Transport Equation Solver with Infinite Correlation Length
Authors: Kim KyoungYeon
Published: May 2023

We propose a new formulation of the Wigner transport equation (WTE) with infinite correlation length. Since the maximum correlation length is not limited to a finite value, there is no uncertainty in the simulation results owing to the finite integral range of the nonlocal potential term. For general and efficient simulation, the proposed WTE formulation is solved self-consistently with the Poisson equation through the finite volume method and the fully coupled Newton-Raphson scheme. Through this, we implemented a quantum transport steady state and transient simulator with excellent convergence.
Application of a Multiplex Platform to Identify Novel Biomarkers for Pregnancy Location and Viability
Authors: Lee Iris Tien-Lynn , Senapati Suneeta , Schreiber Courtney , Koelper Nathanael , Takacs Peter , Barnhart Kurt
Published: May 2023

Determining early pregnancy location and viability can be cumbersome, often requiring serial evaluations. This study aimed to identify novel biomarker candidates for pregnancy location and viability using a pseudodiscovery high through-put technique. This was a case-control study among patients presenting for early pregnancy assessment, including ectopic pregnancies, early pregnancy losses, and viable intrauterine pregnancies. For pregnancy location, ectopic pregnancy was considered “case” and non-ectopic considered “control.” For pregnancy viability, viable intrauterine pregnancy was considered “case” and early pregnancy loss + ectopic pregnancy were considered “control.” Using Proximity Extension Assay technology from Olink Proteomics, serum levels of 1012 proteins were compared separately for pregnancy location and viability. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to determine a biomarker’s discriminative abilities. Analysis included 13 ectopic pregnancies, 76 early pregnancy losses, and 27 viable intrauterine pregnancies. For pregnancy location, 18 markers had an area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.80, with three being expressed more in ectopic compared to non-ectopic pregnancies: thyrotropin subunit beta, carbonic anhydrase 3, and DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 58. For pregnancy viability, two markers had an AUC ≥ 0.80: lutropin subunit beta and serpin B8. While some of the markers were previously identified as implicated in early pregnancy physiology, others were from pathways not previously explored. Using a high through-put platform, a large number of proteins were screened as potential biomarkers for pregnancy location and viability, and twenty candidate biomarkers were identified. Further exploration of these proteins may facilitate validation as diagnostic tools for establishing early pregnancy diagnoses.
Nonstoichiometric balanced complexes: Implications on the effective deficiency of the underlying metabolic network
Authors: Langary Damoun , Küken Anika , Nikoloski Zoran
Published: May 2023

The deficiency of a (bio)chemical reaction network can be conceptually interpreted as a measure of its ability to support exotic dynamical behavior and/or multistationarity. The classical definition of deficiency relates to the capacity of a network to permit variations of the complex formation rate vector at steady state, irrespective of the network kinetics. However, the deficiency is by definition completely insensitive to the fine details of the directionality of reactions as well as bounds on reaction fluxes. While the classical definition of deficiency can be readily applied in the analysis of unconstrained, weakly reversible networks, it only provides an upper bound in the cases where relevant constraints on reaction fluxes are imposed. Here we propose the concept of effective deficiency, which provides a more accurate assessment of the network’s capacity to permit steady state variations at the complex level for constrained networks of any reversibility patterns. The effective deficiency relies on the concept of nonstoichiometric balanced complexes, which we have already shown to be present in real-world biochemical networks operating under flux constraints. Our results demonstrate that the effective deficiency of real-world biochemical networks is smaller than the classical deficiency, indicating the effects of reaction directionality and flux bounds on the variation of the complex formation rate vector at steady state.
Formulation and performance of aqueous film-forming foam fire-extinguishing agent composed of a short-chain perfluorinated heterocyclic surfactant as the key component
Authors: Wu Wenhai , Wang Jili , Zhou Yaqing , Sun Yong , Duan Jiang , Zhang Aidong
Published: May 2023

As the essential component(s), long-chain perfluorinated or short-chain perfluorinated ionic surfactants are required for effective aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF); nevertheless, the associated qualities of persistent pollution and toxicity have raised significant concerns. It has become critical to develop alternatives to the present fluorine component for AFFF to offset the negative effects. In this study, a short-chain perfluorinated nitrogen-heterocyclic nonionic amine oxide surfactant was combined with hydrocarbon surfactants and additives to prepare an AFFF concentrate. A laboratory technique was developed to evaluate the influence of ingredients on the performance of a 6% AFFF diluent, resulting in an improved AFFF formulation. The performance parameters for pool fire extinguishment and fire resistance of the AFFF formulation were encouraging, including a spreading coefficient of 5.4, foam expansion of 8.11, 25% drainage time of 4.6 min, extinguishing times for forceful application of 58 s, and fire burnback time of 18.6 min. In addition, the AFFF concentrate showed significant freezing resistance when stored at -20 oC for an extended period of time. The formulation outperformed the technical standard criteria and has the potential to be used as a novel AFFF agent.
Seismic data denoising through dual attention residual network
Authors: Gao Lei , Mao Xing , Liang DongSheng , Min Fan
Published: May 2023

Signal-to-noise ratio enhancement is conducive to seismic data imaging and interpretation. Denoising is the main way to solve this problem. In recent years, deep learning has made some achievements in data denoising. However, many methods based on deep learning do not consider the characteristics of seismic data, resulting in the loss of weak signals. This paper proposes dual attention residual convolutional neural network (DARN) for seismic data denoising. It consists of a number of dual attention residual blocks (DARBs). The main components of DARB are channel attention residual block (CARB) and spatial attention residual block (SARB). CARB is designed to learn the characteristics of random noise in different channels. It can preserves and transmits characteristic information about noise from different channels. SARB is designed to learn the distributional of random noise. It generates a spatial attention map of noise by combining different pooling methods and recalibrates its input feature map. Loss function with residual learning converts the learning target into noise to improve the training efficiency of the network. Randomized leaky rectified linear unit can retain negative information adaptively and efficiently. The well-trained network is applied to synthetic data and field data to verify its effectiveness. Comparison with other methods demonstrated that DARN can effectively suppress random noise and retain weak effective signal.
Direct interaction between CREB5 and OLIG2 enhances the self-renewal and proliferation of glioma stem cells
Authors: Kim Sung-Hak , Kim Hyun-Jin , Batara Don , Lee Seongsoo , Lee Suk Jun , Yin Jinlong , Park Sang-Ik , Park Minha , Seo Jong Bae , Hwang Jinik , Suh Sung-Suk
Published: May 2023

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal form of brain cancer in humans, with a grim prognosis and a median overall survival rate of less than 15 months. Recently, glioma stem cells (GSCs) have been identified as a crucial factor in both tumor initiation and therapy resistance in GBM. Analysis of datasets and direct differentiation experiments on GSCs have both confirmed that CREB5 is expressed more highly in GSCs than in differentiated GSCs. Furthermore, studies on loss of function have shown that CREB5 promotes the proliferation and self-renewal ability of GSCs, while also reducing their tumor-forming ability in vivo. RNA-sequencing, Luciferase reporter assay, and ChIP assay have demonstrated a direct association between CREB5 and OLIG2. These findings suggest that targeting CREB5 could be an effective approach to overcoming GSCs.
Magnetic quasi-atomic electrons driven reversible structural and magnetic transitions between electride and its hydrides
Authors: Kim Sung Wng , Lee Seung Yong , Lim Dong Cheol , Khan Md Salman , Hwang Jeong Yun , Kim Hyungsub , Lee Kyu Hyoung
Published: May 2023

In electrides, interstitial anionic electrons (IAEs) in the quantized energy levels at cavities of positively charged lattice framework possess their own magnetic moment and interact with each or surrounding cations, behaving as quasi-atoms and inducing diverse magnetism. Here, we report the reversible structural and magnetic transitions by the substitution of the quasi-atomic IAEs in the ferromagnetic two-dimensional [Gd2C]2+×2e- electride with hydrogens and subsequent dehydrogenation of the canted antiferromagnetic Gd2CHy (y>2.0). It is demonstrated that structural and magnetic transitions are strongly coupled by the presence or absence of the magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs and non-magnetic hydrogen anions in the interlayer space, which dominate exchange interactions between out-of-plane Gd-Gd atoms. Furthermore, the magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs are inherently conserved by the hydrogen desorption from the P3̅1m structured Gd2CHy, restoring the original ferromagnetic state of the R3̅m structured [Gd2C]2+×2e- electride. This variable density of magnetic quasi-atomic IAEs enables the quantum manipulation of floating electron phases on the electride surface.
Ryugu Sample Database System (RS-DBS) on the Data Archives and Transmission System (DARTS) by the JAXA curation
Authors: Nishimura Masahiro , Nakato Aiko , Abe Masanao , Nagashima Kana , Soejima Hiromichi , Yada Toru , Yogata Kasumi , Miyazaki Akiko , Hatakeda Kentaro , Yoshitake Miwa , Iwamae Ayako , Pilorget Cedric , Brunetto Rosario , Loizeau Damien , Bibring Jean-Pierre , Riu Lucie , Yumoto Koki , Cho Yuichiro , Yabe Yuna , Sugita Seiji , Ito Motoo , Okada Tatsuaki , Tachibana Shogo , Usui Tomohiro
Published: May 2023

The JAXA Astromaterials Science Research Group developed a web-based database system for the Hayabusa2-returned sample from C-type asteroid Ryugu. The database (Ryugu Sample Database System; RS-DBS) is designed as an online catalog for users of wide scientific communities to choose their preferred samples and propose the sample loan through the JAXA Ryugu Sample Announcement of Opportunity. Ryugu samples can be sorted and given identification numbers as individual particles larger than 1 mm and aggregate samples consisting of less than 1 mm particle through the Phase1 curation (i.e., the initial description). The RS-DBS lists all samples with analytical data such as a microscopy image, size, weight, spectroscopic data, and shape model obtained by the initial description at the JAXA curation facility. The list also includes research results conducted by previous projects (i.e., the Hayabusa2 initial analysis team and Phase2 curation teams). The RS-DBS, built with open-source technologies, archives the data securely and long-term on the Data Archives and Transmission System (DARTS) at ISAS/JAXA.
Predictive value of the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 on adverse surgical outcomes and survival in elderly with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery
Authors: Zhao Mengna , Gao Yang , Yang Junyuan , He Hao , Su Min , Wan Shimeng , Feng Xiaoye , Wang Hua , Cai Hongbing
Published: May 2023

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the ability of Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 (ACE-27) to predict perioperative outcomes and survival in elderly women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC) that underwent cytoreductive surgery.
Methods: We collected patients with AEOC in our hospital between January 1, 2012 and January 1, 2021, excluding patients younger than 65 years or those with non-epithelial ovarian cancer. ACE-27 was applied retrospectively to evaluate comorbidities in the selected patients. The patients included were classified into two groups, low ACE-27 score group (none to mild) and high ACE-27 score group (moderate to severe).
Results: A total of 222 elderly women with AEOC were included, of whom 164 patients accepted debulking surgery. Among those who have undergone surgery, Clavien-Dindo grade III+ perioperative complications or unintended intensive care unit (ICU) admission occurred more often in patients of high ACE-27 score group, with statistically significant difference (odds ratio [OR]: 4.21, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.28-14.35, p = 0.018). Kaplan-Meier survival curves analyzed by Log-Rank test showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with severe comorbidities were shorter than with none to moderate (HR 3.25, 95%CI 1.55-6.79, p=0.002). Further stratified analyses by age, BMI, FIGO stage and pathology also prove that OS of patients graded severe was shorter than patients graded none to moderate in cohort of age < 70, BMI < 25 kg/m2, FIGO III stage and pathology of serous, respectively.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the ability of ACE-27 to predict grade III+ perioperative complications or unintended ICU admission and survival in elderly patients with AEOC. This tool for comorbidity assessment may identify patients with AEOC at higher risk of adverse surgical outcomes, poor overall survival, and assist in decisions regarding treatment.
Direct Position Determination with Carrier Frequency Estimation of Multiple Unknown Sources Using LEO Satellites
Authors: Luo Di , Zhang Yasheng , Yin Canbin , Liu Sitong
Published: May 2023

The detection of electromagnetic signals by satellites often uses a two-step method. The proposed direct position determination (DPD) method has improved the accuracy of passive location. However, the DPD method requires the signal carrier frequency as an input parameter, and the carrier frequencies of multiple unknown signals are challenging to measure accurately. In this paper, we propose a DPD method with carrier frequency estimation of multiple unknown sources using low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites, which estimate the carrier frequencies of each source while localizing.
Development of IoT Smart Cities and Optimization of English Education Systems Based on 5G Networks
Authors: Li Conghui
Published: May 2023

In recent years, smart cities have become a popular research direction in the fields of natural and social sciences. This article analyzes the impact of 5G networks and the Internet of Things on smart life, speculates on the potential trends of the 5G era in people's daily lives, and explores methods based on the multiple situational changes in 5G life and how people can respond to these situations. Then, this article explores English education. In contemporary society, due to the rapid development of information technology and economic globalization, the importance of the universal language - English - is increasingly being valued. At present, the competition in English education in China is becoming more intense, and the requirements for English teachers and universities are becoming increasingly strict. This article adopts the methods of questionnaire survey and in-depth interview to manage and analyze the problems existing in the pre class, during class, and post class stages of English learning for college students. Attempt to use learning methods suitable for English universities to manage information systems, in order to improve the quality of teaching services and optimize English learning process management in various universities, in order to enhance industry competitiveness. This article aims to accelerate the development of smart cities by studying people's life experiences with 5G networks and the Internet of Things. It also analyzes the optimization of computer systems and applies them to English education systems.
Immunization with V987H-stabilized Spike glycoprotein protects K18-hACE2 and golden Syrian hamster upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Authors: Carrillo Jorge , Ávila-Nieto Carlos , Vergara-Alert Júlia , Amengual-Rigo Pep , Ainsua-Enrich Erola , Brustolin Marco , Concepción Maria Luisa Rodriguez de la , Pedreño-Lopez Nuria , Rodon Jordi , Urrea Victor , Pradenas Edwards , Marfil Silvia , Ballana Ester , Riveira-Muñoz Eva , Pérez Mónica , Roca Núria , Tarrés-Freixas Ferran , Cantero Guillermo , Pons-Grífols Anna , Rovirosa Carla , Aguilar-Gurrieri Carmen , Ortiz Raquel , Barajas Ana , Trinité Benjamin , Lepore Rosalba , Muñoz-Basagoiti Jordana , Perez-Zsolt Daniel , Izquierdo-Useros Nuria , Valencia Alfonso , Blanco Julià , Guallar Víctor , Clotet Bonaventura , Segalés Joaquim
Published: May 2023

Safe and effective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have been crucial to fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Most vaccines are based on a mutated version of the Spike glycoprotein [K986P/V987P (S-2P)] with improved stability, yield and immunogenicity. However, S-2P is still produced at low levels. Here, we described a novel V987H mutation that increases by two-fold the production of the recombinant Spike and the exposure of the receptor binding domain (RBD). S-V987H immunogenicity was similar to S-2P in K18-hACE2 mice and golden Syrian hamsters, and superior to a monomeric RBD. Immunization with S-V987H, but not with S-2P or RBD, conferred full protection against severe disease in both animal models after SARS-CoV-2 challenge (D614G and B.1.351 variants). Furthermore, S-V987H immunized K18-hACE2 mice showed a faster tissue viral clearance than RBD- or S-2P-vaccinated animals. Thus, S-V987H protein provides an alternative to S-2P for future SARS-CoV-2 vaccines development.
No genetic causal association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiao Zhang , Huangfu Zhao , Wang Shaowei
Published: May 2023

Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the possible association between PCOS and common CVDs remains inconclusive. The aim of this study was to explore the potential relationship between PCOS and CVDs.Methods We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. In our study, 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Europeans and another 13 SNPs in Asians were applied as instrumental variables for PCOS. The largest published meta-genome-wide association studies of European ancestry and the BioBank Japan Project of Asian ancestry were used to collect the outcome data. MR analysis was performed using inverse variance weighting as the primary method. Several sensitivity analyses and instrumental variable strength evaluations were also performed to verify the reliability of results.Results Our analysis revealed that any potential causal association between genetically-predicted PCOS and the risk of CVDs do not exist. These CVDs include peripheral artery disease, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolisms. Associations could not be found even after the SNPs linked to these possible confounders (body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and serum testosterone) were deleted. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated no presence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity.Conclusion The present mendelian randomization study suggests that genetically-predicted PCOS may not be associated with the risk of CVDs.