bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Scouting for Virtual Production – New Practices in the Art of Film Location
Authors: Materska-Samek Marta , Pudło Filip Gabriel , Kotlińska Małgorzata , Olchowski Wojciech , Kopeć Katarzyna
Published: May 2024

This article discusses how a digital film scouting for Virtual Production (VP) affects the process of creating diverse audiovisual works, what criteria should be taken into account when choosing a location, what techniques can be used to make the best use of its potential, and how film locations fit into the broader context of the film. For this purpose, various examples and case studies will be presented to better illustrate the impact of location on the process of creating and producing an audiovisual work.
E-learning in Norway and Iceland. Development Trends
Authors: Pokrzycka Lidia
Published: May 2024

The article describes the practice of implementing e-learning in Norway and Iceland using Oslo Metropolitan University, Reykjavik University and the University of Iceland as examples. The interest in this problem came from the fact that the Nordic countries are leaders in online learning and I had the opportunity to teach at the universities analyzed. Having close contact with the way of teaching in Norway and Iceland, I asked whether some elements of teaching from the analyzed Nordic countries could be implemented in Poland. Thus, the aim of the article is to introduce the basics of the specifics of teaching at the selected universities and to consider whether the proven methods can be implemented in Poland. The basis of the article was therefore participatory observation, and the results of work with Norwegian and Icelandic students prove that Nordic methods of work can be – at least to some extend – transferred to the Polish educational market (not only in higher education, but also, for example, in corporate e-learning).
Czynniki kształtujące branżę medialną w fazie cyfryzacji – analiza publikacji naukowych
Authors: Uchańska-Bieniusiewicz Anita
Published: May 2024

The objective of the article is an attempt to identify the most important topics shaping the media industryin the second decade of the 21st century, which can be identified with the digitization phase in the development of the industry. The thematic analysis covered 591 publications that appeared in three leading scientific journals in the field of media management and media economics, i.e. “Journal of Media Economics”, “International Journal on Media Management” and “Journal of Media Business Studies”. The results of the conducted analysis were compared with the topics indicated by leading researchers in this area in leading publications defining media management and media economics, i.e. Handbook of Media Management and Economics. Differences can be observed between the topics indicated by experts as trends in the development of the industry and those dealt with by researchers publishing in scientific journals. This is important from the point of view of defining media management and media economics and further development of this field.
Challenging ‘Leftist Big Tech’ through Right-wing Alternative Social Media: Parler and Albicla in Polish Conservative Media Discourse
Authors: Wigienka Szymon
Published: May 2024

Numerous “free speech” platforms have been launched in recent years as a form of protest against content moderation practices on mainstream social media. This paper asks the question of how the issue of these emerging right-wing alternative social media is discursively constructed, taking as an example the Polish conservative media debate over the American service Parler and its Polish equivalent Albicla. Taking a critically discursive approach, the article provides an analysis of the discursive strategies applied, and critically embeds the findings in the broader socio-political context, as well as in the alternative media theory. The results show that, drawing on the wartime rhetoric and numerous references to Poland’s non-democratic past, the discourse creates a populist narrative of identity conflict between two opposing groups: “them” – hostile “leftists” seeking to impose a radical, progressive social order and “us” – oppressed protectors of freedom and common-sense values. The study additionally indicates that the issue is also utilised for the purposes of rivalry between domestic right-wing factions. Furthermore, the data contains frequent reference to issues of political economy and thus, intriguingly, overlaps to some extent with left-wing media critique, in that both agree on the necessity of contesting a monopolised media market and developing alternative means of communication.
Ars Genotype of Arsenic Oxidizing Bacteria and Detoxification
Authors: Chang Jin-Soo , Kim Hyun-Jung , Kim Won-Seok , Lee Seyong
Published: May 2024

Objectives:The objectives of this study is bioremediation and detoxification of arsenite using arsenic resistance system (ars) genotypes of Arsenic Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) isolated from highly As-contaminated mine.Methods:Bacterial strains that are resistant to arsenic were isolated from the Samkwang mine. The identification of AOB was conducted by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene using universal primers. To determine the genotypes of the arsenic resistance system (ars), specific primers were used for each gene. The extent of arsenic resistance was measured, and the efficiency of arsenite oxidation was assessed through a batch test. Arsenic concentration was measured using ICP-MS.Results and Discussion:The arsenic concentrations at site 1 of the Samkwang mine were found to be 1,322 mg/kg. This concentration is 26.4 times higher than the standard for soil pollution concerns (50 mg/kg) and 8.8 times higher than the standard for soil pollution measures (150 mg/kg). The appropriate remediation is studied such as bacterial remediation. The three efficient AOBs were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens EBC-SK1 (MF928870), Ochrobactrum anthrophi EBC-SK4 (MF928873), Ochrobactrum anthrophi EBC-SK12 (MF928881), respectively. The arsenic resistance system (ars) genotype were detected, which is the leader genes of the arsenic oxidation system (arsR and arsD), and the membrane gene (arsB). The arsB is involved in the encoding of the efflux/influx pumping system and moves arsenite into the bacterial cells. Arsenite-oxidizing (aox) genes are activated to oxidize arsenite into arsenate. The AOBs biotransform arsenite to arsenate with the regulation of ars genes, which detoxify highly As-contaminated mine.Conclusion:The AOBs from Samkwang mine are known for their resistance to highly toxic arsenic environments. They play a crucial role in the bioremediation of abandoned mines by transforming As(III) into As(V) through biotransformation.
Treatment of Wastewaters with Different Ammonium Concentrations in a Sequencing Batch Reactor by Nitritation and Denitritation Processes
Authors: Aslan Sukru
Published: May 2024

In the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters, biological nitrification and denitrification processes have been widely applied methods. However, in recent years, experimental studies have been carried out on nitritation and denitritation processes in order to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment. In this study, the removal of synthetic wastewaters containing ammonium at various concentrations through nitritation and denitritation processes was investigated in a sequence batch reactor (SBR). The SBR was operated at a low dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.7±0.2 mg/L, while the initial pH level and temperature were kept constant at 7.5 and 25 ℃, respectively, which were below the defined optimal level for nitritation. For the initial concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg NH4-N/L, 91, 142, and 180 mg NOx-N were produced, respectively with the specific nitritation rates of 0.69, 0.95, and 0.81 mg NH4-N/mg MLVSS.hour. Considering the operating conditions of nitritation, approximately NO2-N/NOx-N ratio of 80% could be considered as successful with the combined effect of DO limitation and NH3 inhibition on the nitrite oxidizing bacteria. During the first days of nitritation and denitritation processes, change of nitrogen concentrations was negligible because the adaptation of organisms to the oxic and anoxic conditions. After completing nitritation stage, denitritation was carried out by using methanol as an electron donor for the initial concentrations of 91, 142, and 180 mg/L of NOx-N in 96, 120 and 264 hours of reaction times, respectively.
Effect of Pretreatment of Anaerobic Acid Fermentation Sludge from Mixed Swine Wastewater and Food Waste Leachate on Biohydrogen Generation
Authors: Choi So Hyeon , Jeon Hwiseo , Kim Taeyoung
Published: May 2024

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the effects of heat shock and 2-bromoethanesulfonate (2-BES) injection on hydrogen production and methanogens inhibition in anaerobic acid fermenter sludge and methane fermenter sludge using mixed swine wastewater and food waste leachate as substrates. Additionally, the analysis of biogas, fermentation products such as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and alcohols, and microbial community changes were conducted to derive efficient pretreatment conditions for anaerobic hydrogen generation.Methods:Sludge samples were collected from two-phase anaerobic digesters treating swine wastewater and food waste leachate. Heat shock (90°C, 15 min) and 2-BES injection (1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mmol/L) pretreatments were applied to the each sludge, along with control reactor without pretreatment before anaerobic digestion. Batch experiments were conducted at 30°C to assess biogas, organic compounds (COD, VS, VFAs, and alcohols), and microbial community composition.Results and Discussion:In methanogenic sludge, hydrogen gas was not produced under all conditions, but heat shock method inhibited methane production more effectively than 2-BES injection method. As the concentration of 2-BES increased, methane production decreased. Conversely, hydrogen was produced from the all acid fermentation sludges, mainly attributed to the butyric acid production by dominant Clostridium spp., but the pattern of biogas production varied over time. In the experimental group injected with 2-BES, even at a low concentration of 1 mmol/L, methane gas did not produce due to the inhibition of methanogens. However, in the control group, produced hydrogen was entirely converted to methane by hydrogenotrophic methanogens such as Methanobrevibacter and Methanosphaera. The heat shock group showed delayed hydrogen production due to prolonged lag phase of hydrogen-producing bacteria, with hydrogenotrophic methanogen metabolism starting after 12 days. Heat shock and 2-BES injection reduced bacterial diversity in the acid fermentation process compared to the initial stage.Conclusion:For efficient anaerobic hydrogen production from swine wastewater and food waste leachate, 2-BES injection into the acid fermentation sludge was found to be a preferable method over heat shock, considering hydrogen production efficiency and sustained methanogen inhibition. Further research is needed to find more economical and efficient pretreatment methods and operational strategies considering subsequent methane production processes for practical application in the field.
Proposal for Promotion of the Solar Photovoltaic Power Industry in Korea
Authors: Ku Seunggyu , Jeon Taegeon , Jung Sokhee P.
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on the crucial role of solar power generation in addressing global warming. It examines South Korea's solar technology, which demonstrates high proficiency at approximately 90% (EU standard) and outperforms the EU in system operation and maintenance. Despite China's lower technological score (87.5%), its competitive pricing has led to an increase in the market share of Chinese products, eroding South Korea's competitiveness. The research identifies cost issues compared to coal and explores avenues for improvement, particularly in direct and indirect cost aspects. In the direct cost domain, proposals include establishing solar cell production facilities in countries with low labor costs and favorable tax incentives to reduce equipment costs. In the indirect cost domain, suggestions involve leveraging building-integrated solar and unused land to cut permit and financial expenses. The paper highlights reasons for the inadequate adoption of building-integrated solar in South Korea, such as mortgage issues, pricing constraints due to the System Marginal Price (SMP) system, and the limited deployment of microgrids. Emphasis is placed on the activation of microgrids, introducing new transaction methods and promoting efficient power transactions through infrastructure. These efforts are expected to lead to the sustained growth of the solar power generation industry in the future.
Beauty: Liberation and/or Confinement in The Life and Loves of a She Devil by Fay Weldon
Authors: Şentürk Emine
Published: May 2024

This essay critically examines the transformation of the protagonist, Ruth Patchett, in Fay Weldon’s novel The Life and Loves of a She Devil (1983). The transformation that Ruth undergoes can be viewed in two ways: both in terms of her role in society and her physical appearance. Initially a submissive housewife, Ruth evolves into an independent businesswoman who undergoes extensive cosmetic procedures to conform to prevailing beauty standards. This article reveals, through an analysis of Ruth’s liberation from traditional domestic obligations and her response to societal constructs of beauty, the marginalization she experiences as a result of her deviation from societal norms. Ruth’s rebellion against the idealized attributes of a housewife reflects her pursuit of qualities associated with appealing femininity. Hence, this article highlights how Ruth transforms herself into a seductive object of the male gaze to remake herself into a powerful subject. Through this transformative journey, the article elucidates the interplay between societal ideals of beauty, female liberation, and implications on personal fulfilment. Although Ruth’s transformation into the ‘ideal’ woman endorses the patriarchal codes of ideal and standardised beauty, this essay argues that the same transformation reverses the process to reveal how female empowerment can be achieved through the manipulation of standards.
Діяльність європейських військових місій в ісламських країнах Азії та Північній Африці (остання чверть ХVIII – перша третина ХIХ ст.)
Authors: Фалько С.А.
Published: May 2024

Історія діяльності європейських військових місій в Азії та Північній Африці наприкінці ХVІІІ – ХІХ ст. у наукових працях істориків представлена фрагментарно. Це був час епохи Просвітництва, Французької революції та наполеонівських війн. У дослідженні узагальнено діяльність офіційних європейських військових місій в Османській імперії, Єгипті та Ірані на межі ХVІІІ – ХІХ ст. У контексті теми згадуються військові місії в Тунісі та деяких індійських державах. Акцентується увага на тому, що відправка офіцерів на Схід – це перший досвід використання урядами Британії, Франції та Пруссії своїх військових місій у мусульманських країнах. Час виникнення такого способу взаємодії зі східними державами припадає саме на останню третину ХVІІІ ст. – початок ХІХ ст. Означена проблематика вже вивчалася деякими вченими, які досліджують військову історію певних країн. Однак комплексної роботи щодо діяльності європейських офіцерів у Стамбулі, Тегерані, Каїрі та Тунісі на сьогодні ще немає. Методологія узагальнення діяльності офіцерів і сержантів європейських армій у цьому регіоні дозволяє дійти важливих висновків про історію військової модернізації на Сході. Дана стаття також доповнює історію європейського колоніалізму в Азії. Вивчення означеної теми не могло б відбутися без активної допомоги європейських вчених. Зокрема розвитку досліджуваної проблематики сприяли ґрунтовні наукові джерела, які були надані колегами, та корисні поради професійних істориків. Дослідження присвячене початковому етапу такого складного і заплутаного військово-політичного процесу, як діяльність офіційних військових місій європейських держав в Азії та Північній Африці. У дослідженні показані різні методи впливу на мусульманські країни завдяки діяльності офіцерів військових місій європейських держав. Шпигунство, амбітні авантюри, латентна торгівля зброєю, прихований вплив на військові реформи азійських країн і зовнішню політику цих держав – це далеко неповний перелік невидимої роботи військових інструкторів, делегованих у кінці ХVIII – на початку ХІХ ст. з європейських столиць в інший культурний світ.
Resource Policy of the Third Reich in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine: Waste Recycling in 1941-1943
Authors: Perga Tetyana
Published: May 2024

This article explores the assortment and primary methods of waste collection within the Reichskommissariat Ukraine during the occupation by Nazi forces. The Ukrainian occupational press serves as the primary source for this article. It demonstrates that the extraction of various resources and the plundering of material valuables were directed towards supporting the economic and military power of the Third Reich, with waste collection policies being one of its facets. To facilitate this activity in this realm, the Nazis utilized existing infrastructure within the territory of Ukraine, including warehouses, factories, and offices of Soyuzutyl, established on the eve of the Second World War, as well as the infrastructure of the consumer cooperative system. It is shown that the specificity of Ukraine lies in assigning waste collection duties to consumer cooperatives, which transformed into the primary suppliers of various raw materials for the needs of the Third Reich. Local administrations and individual cooperatives actively participated in this endeavor, and special associations were also established. Additionally, the occupying authorities sought to involve schoolchildren and the broader population, developing various incentive systems for this purpose, although the participation of these actors was minimal. The article examines the peculiarities of waste collection propaganda within the territory of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine, which was based on ideological motives such as gratitude for liberation from Soviet rule, as well as economic motives related to the need for waste to produce consumer goods for the local population by enterprises of the Nazi regime. It is argued that primary attention was given to collecting scrap black and colored metals, as well as bones, paper, and rags. The author suggests that the scale of economic plundering of Ukraine was much larger than commonly believed, yet acknowledges that this requires further in-depth research involving a wide range of archival sources.
Pendekatan Pendidikan Integratif dalam Menanggulangi Westernisasi pada Generasi Muda
Authors: Astari Dika Julia , Banjarnahor Yunlis Y , Sihite Lamtiur M , Batubara Abdinur
Published: May 2024

Studi ini membahas fenomena westernisasi telah menjadi fokus perhatian yang mendalam di Indonesia, khususnya terkait dampaknya pada generasi muda. Budaya Barat semakin meresap ke dalam gaya hidup, nilai-nilai, dan identitas budaya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan dan menguji sebuah model pendidikan integratif sebagai respons konkret terhadap pengaruh westernisasi ini. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, kami mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber sekunder dan menganalisisnya secara cermat menggunakan metode analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan integratif mampu memperkuat identitas budaya lokal sambil mempersiapkan generasi muda menghadapi arus westernisasi dengan bijak. Model ini tidak hanya menggabungkan nilai-nilai lokal dan global dalam kurikulum sekolah, tetapi juga memberikan dukungan bagi siswa untuk memahami, menghargai, dan mempertahankan warisan budaya mereka. Pentingnya pendidikan karakter dan integrasi budaya lokal dalam kurikulum sekolah menjadi sorotan utama dalam penelitian ini. Namun, kesuksesan implementasi model ini memerlukan kolaborasi yang erat dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Dengan sinergi yang kuat, pendidikan integratif diharapkan dapat menjadi instrumen efektif dalam menjaga keberagaman budaya dan membangun masa depan yang berkelanjutan bagi Indonesia.
Investigating the Correlation between Frustration and Values with an Emphasis on Gender
Authors:   Assistant professor of Psychology, M.B. Govt. P.G. College, Haldwani, India., Tripathi Dr. Meena , Kaushik Arya ,   Research Scholar of Psychology, M.B. Govt. P.G. College, Haldwani, India
Published: May 2024

This research paper investigates the correlation between individuals’ reactions to frustration and their values, with an emphasis on sex differences. Frustration is an arbitrary emotional response to obstacles or unmet expectations, although social values carry beliefs and principles that guide behavior within a societal context. Getting a gist of how sex influences these aspects can shed light on societal dynamics and inform interventions aimed at promoting psychological well-being and social harmony. The study undergoes a quantitative approach to the data, through different scales using SPSS to analyze data and gather comprehensive insights. Results reveal new patterns in how individuals of different genders perceive and respond to frustration in relation to their value system, Enlightening the need for gender-sensitive works in addressing emotional regulation and socialization processes.
Strategy For Utilizing LPD CSR in Empowering Subak Sembung Farmers in Peguyangan Village
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University, Indonesia, Purnami A.A Sri , Selamet I Ketut ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University, Indonesia, Rustini Ni Made ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

LPD continues to grow and becomes a non-bank institution with the largest assets in Bali Province. As a form of responsibility towards the local social environment, LPD profits are also allocated to social funds or Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Therefore, this research describes the strategy for utilizing LPD CSR in empowering Subak Sembung farmers by studying the LPD in Peguyangan Village. The aim of this research is to find out: 1). Form of LPD CSR implementation; 2). LPD internal and external factors in utilizing LPD CSR in Peguyangan Village to empower Subak Sembung farmers; 3). Strategy for utilizing LPD CSR to empower Subak Sembung farmers. The population of this research is the Peguyangan traditional village community, and the sample was selected using a purposive random sampling technique. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, and then analyzed using SWOT analysis. The results of this research show that part of the profits obtained by LPD are allocated to social funds or CSR. So far, the use of LPD CSR funds in Peguyangan Village has mostly been for ritual activities at the temple (Parahyangan elements) and currently the use of CSR funds has been directed to support the development of Subak Sembung ecotourism to support agricultural and economic development at the Subak and village levels. The LPD CSR utilization in the Peguyangan Traditional Village is used to support Subak Sembung ecotourism in the form of a project to repair the jogging track paving and senderan in the Subak Sembung area with 2 meters wide paving road. Several internal factors constitute the strength of the LPD in the Peguyangan Traditional Village, namely: (1) The amount of third party funds; (2) LPD credit distribution policy; and (3) The quality of human resources managing LPD. Meanwhile, several internal factors identified as weaknesses of the LPD in Peguyangan Traditional Village are: (1) Quality of LPD services; (2) LPD promotional support; (3) LPD human resource competency; and (4) Commitment and competence of LPD management. Several external factors constitute LPD opportunities in Peguyangan Traditional Village, namely: (1) Local community culture/customs; (2) The education level of the surrounding community; (3) Community attitudes; and (4) Pakraman village support. Meanwhile, several external factors identified as threats to LPD are: (1) Developments in information technology; and (2) Development of the number of financial institutions. The strategy that is currently suitable for LPD in the Peguyangan Traditional Village is the hold and maintain strategy. The implementation of this strategy is through market penetration and product development.
Audit Quality Review Within Quality Assurance And Improvement Programs (QAIP): A Scoping Review
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia, Sambharakreshna Yudhanta , Cahyani Widyana Rahma ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, State University of Malang, Indonesia, Farizi Salman Al ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, State University of Malang, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

This scoping review highlights the importance of Quality Assurance and Improvement Programs (QAIP) in enhancing the quality of internal audit functions. It emphasizes the need for effective QAIP implementation to ensure that internal audits adhere to professional standards and provide significant value to organizations. The study population includes academic literature on QAIP implementation and its impact on internal audit quality assessment. The data were sourced from electronic databases such as Emerald, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, and Wiley Library. The findings emphasize the crucial role of QAIP in improving internal audit functions and the necessity of effective QAIP implementation to ensure adherence to professional standards and provide significant organizational value. Further empirical research is needed to enhance the theoretical understanding of QAIP implementation and its implications for internal audit quality assessment.
The principal results of geological exploration for solid mineral resources in 2023 and the planned activities for 2024
Authors: GERMAHANOV ASLAMBEK
Published: May 2024

Analysis is performed for the results of geological exploration for solid minerals in the Russian Federation in 2023, funded by both the federal sources and miners. The activities for 2024 are planned.
The methodological aspects and limitations of using the chemical composition of chrome spinels in forecasting and prospecting for diamond deposits (the case of the Alymdzha River basin, Yakutia)
Authors: CHUGUEVSKAYA Elvira
Published: May 2024

A methodology is proposed for studying chrome spinels during diamond prospecting, with the use of variations in the chemical composition of the minerals belonging to different genetic groups in order to distinguish the kimberlite and non-kimberlite varieties from a polygenic association. The recommended succession of investigation of the chrome spinels will help to avoid mistakes in identifying the peculiarities of their chemistry and will facilitate to clarify the forecast when searching for new kimberlite bodies.
Intragender Relationship of the Traditional Ilorin Women in Domestic Front: Lessons for Modern Muslim Women
Authors: Hussain-Abubakar Sherifat
Published: May 2024

The traditional Ilorin society was renowned for peaceful coexistence among its people and decorum in the family domain. Families made Islamic principles their watchwords and the genders collaborated to ensure that marital obligations were efficiently performed. This paper focuses on the pattern of family management displayed by traditional Ilorin women to facilitate peaceful cohabitation and efficient performance, as wives and mothers. The study is historical and ethnographic, dwelling on the system’s pattern of orientation and integration of new wives, division of domestic chores, collaborative nurturing of children, fraternity system and disciplinary measures. The major instruments for data collection are interview, observation, documented studies and Islamic texts. The study revealed religious faithfulness as their inspiration and Islamic ethics of gentility, mutual support, collaboration among women cohered to channel the family course. These were borne out of sincere love and unity which translated into peace and harmony in the home and the society. The paper submits that if modern women can embrace this Islamic interactive etiquette and hold the marital duties in high esteem, as done by the traditional Ilorin women, there will be family cohesion, meaningful progress in the society
Market Driven Crop Price Prediction
Authors: Lahari V  , Manjunath V2  , Pooja N  , Ms. Rekha B N
Published: May 2024

The global agricultural sector faces significant challenges in ensuring food security, optimizing resource utilization, and adapting to changing environmental conditions. Accurate crop price prediction is crucial for addressing these challenges, yet existing methodologies often lack the ability to integrate market dynamics effectively. This paper proposes a novel framework for market- driven crop price prediction, leveraging advanced machine learning techniques and market data integration to enhance the accuracy and relevance of predictions. The crop price predictor can be applied to minimize losses when adverse situations occur. Farmers can use this system to maximize crop yield rates when the potential exists for favorable growing conditions
The Ice Berge of Cholera in Hodeidah , Yemen : The Contact Exposure
Authors: Al Kamarany Mohammed , Ghouth Abdulla Salem Bin
Published: May 2024

Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by a bacterial infection of the intestine. The bacterium is Vibrio cholerae, which can either be of type O1 or O139. It can infect both children and adults . A cross sectional design was carried out to investigate the variations between cholera patients and control (contacts). Data were collected from a total of 15 suspected cases from 7 districts in Hodeidah, Yemen and 16 contacts from the same houses of the patients.  Data at first fed to the excel program then imported to the SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis. Most of the patients were under 5 years of age with the mean age was 2.1 years (±1.2) with a great variation ,the median age of patients was 5 years. It was a great difference with contact age where the mean age was 34 years (±13) (p-value = 0.000) . Al though watery diarrhea was present in 13 out of 15 patients (68.4%) and being more than contacts (6/16; 37.5%) (p-value = 0.006) . Two controversial observations were reported in this study regarding history of vaccination and the laboratory result of the stool culture for V. cholerae. Most of the patients were vaccinated (86.6%) than contacts (p- value = 0.000) and the accepted explanation for this difference is that it may be due that the contacts are adults and may they did not remind their history of vaccination.  But the presence of positive culture result for V. cholerae  in one contacts (6.3%) and never in any of suspected cholera patients raining the questions either of the performance of the laboratory diagnosis of the surveillance or both .
Interaction Between Transportation Cost and Commodity Pricing in International Trade. Dry-Commodity Export Shippers’ Perspective in Malawi. The Trade Reducing Factor
Authors: Collins Matemba Vincent , Mundende Kasonde , Milupi Inonge
Published: May 2024

While transportation is considered as a trade facilitator in international trade, high transportation costs can adversely impact on commodity pricing and its competiveness on the market. Studies have shown that raising transportation costs by 10 percent reduces trade volume by more than 20 percent. The purpose of this study was therefore, to understand the impact that transportation cost has on pricing of goods from Malawi in international trade. The study sought to establish transportation costs affordability perception from export commodity shippers and assess how transportation cost affects commodity pricing on the international market. The study employed quantitative research approach and descriptive research design in which a closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 104 shippers in dry-commodity export shipping community. Simple random sampling method was used to determine the sample size. The study found that shippers do not find transportation costs affordable and that the high transportation costs affect negatively the pricing of the goods on the market. The study therefore recommends that government, through the Ministry of Transport and Public Works, to develop logistics cost estimation model and invest in logistics management systems that will enable the industry to collect data, identify bottlenecks and improve the transport system to reduce transportation cost.
Caracterização dos estudantes EaD participantes de um Projeto de Pesquisa
Authors: Dos Santos Amanda Regina Marcelino
Published: May 2024

Mediated by information and communication technologies in which there is no physical contact between teachers and students, Distance Education has been established in recent years in the national scenario. This article aims to discuss the characteristics and participation of the students of EaD in a Project of Scientific Initiation (SI) offered by the University of North of Paraná to the students of the courses of Social Service, Pedagogy and Physical Education in more than 400 poles EaD of the institution. This SI project consists of a General Questionnaire to analyze the profile of students from the 24 Brazilian states plus the Federal District. The analysis of the data was done through the descriptive statistical methodology.
Hurricane Jim Crow
Authors: Grego Caroline
Published: May 2024

On an August night in 1893, the deadliest hurricane in South Carolina history struck the Lowcountry, killing thousands—almost all African American. But the devastating storm is only the beginning of this story. The hurricane's long effects intermingled with ongoing processes of economic downturn, racial oppression, resistance, and environmental change. In the Lowcountry, the political, economic, and social conditions of Jim Crow were inextricable from its environmental dimensions. This narrative history of a monumental disaster and its aftermath uncovers how Black workers and politicians, white landowners and former enslavers, northern interlocutors and humanitarians all met on the flooded ground of the coast and fought to realize very different visions for the region's future. Through a telescoping series of narratives in which no one's actions were ever fully triumphant or utterly futile, Hurricane Jim Crow explores with nuance this painful and contradictory history and shows how environmental change, political repression, and communal traditions of resistance, survival, and care converged.
Behind Crimmigration
Authors: Arriaga Felicia
Published: May 2024

In recent years, dozens of counties in North Carolina have partnered with federal law enforcement in the criminalization of immigration—what many have dubbed "crimmigration." Southern border enforcement still monopolizes the national immigration debate, but immigration enforcement has become common within the United States as well. While Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operations are a major part of American immigration enforcement, Felicia Arriaga maintains that ICE relies on an already well-established system—the use of local law enforcement and local governments to identify, incarcerate, and deport undocumented immigrants. Arriaga contends that the long-term partnership between local sheriffs and immigration law enforcement in places like North Carolina has created a form of racialized social control of the Latinx community. Arriaga uses data from five county sheriff’s offices and their governing bodies to trace the creation and subsequent normalization of ICE and local law enforcement partnerships. Arriaga argues that the methods used by these partnerships to control immigration are employed throughout the United States, but they have been particularly visible in North Carolina, where the Latinx population increased by 111 percent between 2000 and 2010. Arriaga's evidence also reveals how Latinx communities are resisting and adapting to these systems.
Proses Berpikir Kritis Matematis Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif: Studi pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP)
Authors: Alimuddin Alimuddin , Minggi Ilham
Published: May 2024

Berpikir kritis matematis (critical thinking in math) menjadi keterampilan yang krusial dalam menghadapi tantangan global saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi proses berpikir kritis matematis siswa, ditinjau dari gaya berpikir mereka, yaitu Field Independent (FI) dan Field Dependent (FD). Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan partisipan dua siswa kelas VII SMP, satu dengan gaya kognitif FI dan satu dengan FD. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen GEFT (Group Embedded Figures Test), tes berpikir kritis matematis (TBK), dan pedoman wawancara, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa dengan gaya kognitif FI cenderung analitis, mandiri, dan sistematis dalam proses berpikir kritis matematis. Mereka mampu menyusun kesimpulan yang lengkap dan relevan berdasarkan penilaian pribadi. Sementara siswa dengan gaya kognitif FD lebih kontekstual dan sosial, sering kali memerlukan petunjuk dan dukungan dalam menyusun kesimpulan serta mengembangkan strategi pemecahan masalah. Dalam konteks kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, siswa FI mampu menginferensi dengan baik, sementara siswa FD kurang mampu dalam hal ini. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pemahaman tentang peran gaya kognitif dalam proses berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan strategi pembelajaran yang lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis matematis di lingkungan pendidikan.
The Contribution of English Reading Materials to Improving Students' English Performance in Lower Secondary Schools in the Shyira Sector of Nyabihu District, Rwanda
Authors: Harerimana Emmanuel , Kamanzi Anthony , Tabaro Cyprien , Nshimiyimana Evode
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to examine the relationship between the use of English reading materials and the improvement of students' English language performance in Lower Secondary Schools in the Shyira sector. Based on the Simple View of Reading (SVR) and the Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), the descriptive research design with a mixed approach was employed. Two selected schools were studied: one with a well-equipped library containing English reading materials and the other with a poorly equipped library lacking English reading materials. The study population consisted of 106 individuals, including 92 lower secondary students, 10 teachers, and 4 Deputy Head teacher in charge of studies /teachers, selected randomly from a population of 145. Primary data and secondary data were collected through questionnaires and interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively by use of excel and the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) while qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis. The findings reveal the use of various reading materials, such as newspapers, textbooks, handouts, dictionaries, expert opinions, poetry, online readings, and adventure stories in Lower Secondary Schools in the Shyira sector. It was observed that the lack of English reading materials and libraries in lower secondary schools leads to poor English performance among students. The study suggests strategies to improve learners' English skills, including promoting the use of English reading materials, fostering a culture of reading, and motivating students to utilize libraries. Additionally, teachers should serve as English role models and actively encourage reading to enhance students' motivation.
INCIDÊNCIA DE INTERNAÇÕES POR DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA NO PARANÁ: ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA ÚLTIMA DÉCADA
Authors: Terlan Gabriela da Rocha , Uscocovich Vanessa Schenekenberg Martins , Pazini Heloísa Martendal , Scherer Rafaela Tonin
Published: May 2024

A Doença Renal Crônica implica na perda progressiva da função renal e é um grave problema de saúde global, associado a diversas mortes entre as doenças crônicas. Este estudo objetivou investigar as taxas de internação por essa patologia no Paraná de 2012 a 2022. Utilizando a plataforma governamental DATASUS, realizou-se um estudo analítico, observacional e longitudinal para obter dados epidemiológicos abrangentes. Análises estatísticas, incluindo medidas de tendência central, dispersão, entre outras, identificaram padrões ao longo do período estudado. De 83.577 internações analisadas, os casos foram predominantemente entre homens brancos de 50 a 69 anos, com a região leste do Paraná apresentando a maior concentração. Houve um aumento gradual de casos durante a década, com queda em 2020-2022, possivelmente associada à pandemia de COVID-19. Este estudo ressalta a importância da conscientização, prevenção, tratamento precoce da Doença Renal Crônica e estratégias de saúde pública para enfrentar esse desafio crescente no Paraná.
AS TÉCNICAS ODONTOLEGAIS EM SUA RELAÇÃO COM A INVESTIGAÇÃO E PERÍCIA CRIMINAIS
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo Emanoel Motta de Oliveira , Cordeiro Taiana Levinne Carneiro
Published: May 2024

A pesquisa será limitada ao estudo dos recursos utilizados pelos odontolegistas na análise forense tendo como objetivo compreender a sua influência sobre a investigação e perícia criminais e em sua relação com o devido processo legal. Na prática forense, tem-se destacado a atuação do odontolegista, cuja prática profissional é prevista pela Lei nº 5.081/66 e pela Resolução nº 63/05 do CFO. Por meio da perícia, os legistas buscam encontrar elementos, através dos quais possam apresentar um posicionamento válido sobre algo que se tem a intenção de provar ao procurar, dessa forma, uma comprovação dos fatos mediante investigação, ao constatar a verdade real. Assim, enfatiza a importância da perícia odontolegal para o processo penal brasileiro desenvolvida como meio de prova para elucidação fática correlata à lide, especialmente no tocante ao esclarecimento dos fatos imputados ao acusado, ao frisar a busca da verdade real essencial à formação do convencimento do magistrado antes de proferir a sentença. O trabalho será desenvolvido seguindo os preceitos do estudo exploratório, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, a qual será feita a partir de uma revisão de literatura, cujas fontes consistirão em livros, leis e estudos científicos publicados entre 2012 e 2024 e escolhidos na plataforma Google Acadêmico. Por meio do presente estudo, espera-se contribuir com a capacitação do odontolegista, além de promover o processo pericial e favorecer para que os laudos periciais sejam feitos de forma devida após a apreciação do caso analisado.
UMA ANÁLISE DO FUNCIONAMENTO DO CONTROLE INTERNO: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA CLÍNICA MÉDICA
Authors: Aquino Sthefane Santos , Santana Expedito dos Santos
Published: May 2024

O controle interno é uma ferramenta crucial para as organizações, principalmente na área da saúde, devido a sua complexidade nos processos, regulamentações e normas, e riscos à segurança dos pacientes, tornando indispensável o uso de um sistema de controle interno robusto. A pesquisa buscou analisar os níveis de eficiência e eficácia do funcionamento do sistema de controle interno utilizado em uma clínica médica, localizada na cidade de Ilhéus-Ba. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevista estruturada com a gerente e aplicação de questionário aos funcionários, além da utilização de observação direta, a fim de acompanhar suas operações e estratégias em tempo real. Por fim, foi constatado que o sistema de controle interno existente na clínica é pouco desenvolvido, afetando a sua eficiência nos processos, bem como o seu retorno esperado.
Perspective on ice age Terminations from absolute chronologies provided by global speleothem records
Authors: Kaushal Nikita , Perez-Mejias Carlos , Stoll Heather M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Glacial Terminations represent the largest amplitude climate changes of the last several million years. Several possible orbital-insolation triggers have been described to initiate and sustain glacial Terminations. Because of the availability of radiocarbon dating, the most recent Termination (TI) has been extensively characterized. Yet, it is widely discussed whether the sequence of feedbacks, millennial events and rates of change seen in TI is recurrent over previous Terminations. Beyond the limit of radiocarbon dating, records from the speleothem archive provide absolute age control through uranium-thorium dating and high-resolution proxy measurements. The PAGES SISALv3 global speleothem database allows us to synthesize the available speleothem records covering Terminations. However, speleothem climate signals are encoded in a number of proxies, and unlike proxies in other archives like ice or marine cores, the climatic interpretation of a given proxy can vary quite significantly among different regions. In this study, we synthesize the available speleothem records providing climate information for Terminations: TII, TIIIA,TIII, TIV and TV, present the records based on the aspect of climate encoded in the available records, examine the effects of different ice volume corrections on the final climate proxy record, evaluate whether there are leads and lags in the manifestation of Terminations across different aspects of the climate systems and different regions, we suggest directions for future speleothem research covering Terminations, speculate on suitable tuning targets among marine and ice core proxies, and discuss what model outputs maybe most suitable for comparison. We find that TII has the greatest number of globally distributed records followed by TIIA and TIII. The records covering TIV and TV are largely restricted to the East Asian and Southeast Asian monsoon regions. Modelling and data-model comparison studies have greatly increased our understanding of the interpretation of oxygen isotope records across Terminations. Ice volume corrections have the most significant impact on European speleothem records with moisture sourced directly from the North Atlantic region. Within each Termination, a sequence of events can be established between a sub-set of events and this sequence stays largely consistent across Terminations. However, improvements in dating and age-model uncertainties, higher resolution records and multi-proxy approaches are required to establish sequences within each sub-set of events. Beyond further research on targeted speleothem records, our recommendations for future directions include focusing on TII as a useful next target to understand climate dynamics, isotope-enabled transient simulations for better characterization of the other Terminations, and development of marine proxy records with signals common to speleothems to further improve the chronology of Terminations.
Brownness of Organics in Anthropogenic Biomass Burning Aerosols over South Asia
Authors: Navinya Chimurkar , Kapoor Taveen Singh , Anurag Gupta , Venkataraman Chandra , Phuleria Harish C. , Chakrabarty Rajan K.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In South Asia, biomass is burned for energy and waste disposal, producing brown carbon (BrC) aerosols whose climatic impacts are highly uncertain. To assess these impacts, a real-world understanding of BrC’s physio-optical properties is essential. For this region, the order-of-magnitude variability in BrC’s spectral refractive index as a function of particle volatility distribution is poorly understood. This leads to oversimplified model parameterization and subsequent underestimation of regional radiative forcing. Here we used the field-collected aerosol samples from major anthropogenic biomass activities to examine the methanol-soluble BrC optical properties. We show a strong relation between the absorption strength, wavelength dependence, and thermo-optical fractions of carbonaceous aerosols. Our observations show strongly absorbing BrC near the Himalayan foothills that may accelerate glacier melt, further highlighting the limitations of climate models where variable BrC properties are not considered. These findings provide crucial inputs for refining climate models and developing effective regional strategies to mitigate BrC.