bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of high-temperature homogenization of a single crystal nickel-based superalloy of the 3rd generation
Authors:   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Epishin A. I.
Published: February 2023

High-alloyed nickel-based superalloys used for casting of single crystal blades of aircraft gas-turbine engines have to be subjected to a long-term high-temperature homogenization annealing for dissolution of nonequilibrium γ′-eutectics and smoothing of dendritic segregation of alloying elements. Single crystal nickel-based superalloy of the 3-rd generation CMSX-10 developed by Cannon-Muskegon corporation for casting highly loaded uncooled single crystal blades of the first stage of a high pressure turbine of an aviation gas turbine engine Trent 800 belongs to such alloys. In the present work, the processes occurring during high-temperature homogenization annealing of this alloy have been investigated. It is shown that the kinetics of dissolution of nonequilibrium γ′-eutectics strongly depends on temperature: in the range of 1340 – 1360 °C the dissolution rate increases by about an order of magnitude with increasing temperature by 10 °C. Two types of homogenization annealing with a stepwise increase of temperature proposed for CMSX-10 by Cannon-Muskegon have been investigated: a long 45-hour annealing with 10 steps of temperature increase and a shortened 20-hour annealing with 6 temperature steps. The change in the solidus temperature of the alloy during the homogenization was studied by the method of measurement of the specific electrical resistance. It is shown, that during homogenization annealing of the both types the nonequilibrium eutectics is completely dissolved, and a longer 45-hour annealing provides a deeper chemical homogenization of the alloy. This is especially important for such alloying element as rhenium, which has a high segregation coefficient and very slow diffusion mobility in nickel. Deeper homogenization provides better thermal stability of the alloy microstructure and consequently higher long-term creep strength. A negative effect of high-temperature homogenization is increased porosity resulting from the dissolution of γ′-eutectics. Homogenization porosity can be reduced by optimizing the alloy composition and reducing the fraction of nonequilibrium γ′-eutectics.
The effect of a high-power pulsed ion beam on the surface topography of the tungsten
Authors:   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ligachev A.E. , Zhidkov M. V. ,   Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Kolobov Yu. R. ,   Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, Potemkin G. V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lukahova M. V. ,   LLC TESCAN, Remnev G. E. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Pavlov S. K. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tarbokov G. E. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

The tungsten surface was processed by high power pulsed ion beam at the TEMP accelerator (Cn+ ions, accelerating voltage 200 ± 10 kV, energy density of a single pulse 2.6 – 3.0 J/cm2). Changes in the relief and structure of the surface of tungsten samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy. After treatment with a powerful pulsed ion beam (MIIP), defects in the form of craters form on the surface of tungsten. The number of craters decreases with an increase in the number of impact pulses. After exposure to 3 pulses, microcraters are forms in the surface layer along the grain boundaries. After 10 pulses, there are practically no cracks on the irradiated surface. An increase in the number of pulses leads to the formation of a more equiaxed ultrafine-grained structure in the near-surface layer of tungsten.
Using movie trailers to enhance both f2f and online language learning outcomes in an EFL speaking class
Authors: Kartal Galip
Published: February 2023

This design-based research explored the language learning outcomes of watching movie trailers in a large speaking class offered in both f2f and online learning environments. In this 12-week study, the instruction was f2f for the first four weeks and online for the remaining eight weeks. The data were collected from 58 first-year university students via interviews and subjected to qualitative content analysis. The results indicated that watching trailers stimulated participation and improved speaking, pronunciation as well as learning/recalling vocabulary. Furthermore, movie trailers helped increase their motivation and willingness to communicate. Therefore, it is argued that the movie trailers deliver positive contributions by infusing numerous pedagogical advantages into foreign language curricula, suggesting that it is rewarding to use them in both f2f and online speaking classes.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING HOLT METHOD IN FORECASTING COMMERCIAL RICE SALWS IN PERUM BULOG SUB DIVRE MEDAN
Authors: Agustine Venina , Indra Zulfahmi , Nasution Hamidah
Published: February 2023

Logistics general company or Perum BULOG is a state-owned public company engaged in food logistics, especially rice. To carry out its functions, this agency is assisted by several regional divisions or subdivisions, one of which is the Medan Sub-Divisional Division having its address at Timbang Deli, Medan Amplas District, Medan City. Forecasting is a technique for estimating a value in the future by paying attention to historical data or current data. The purpose of this study is to analyze data based on historical data patterns and predict using the Double Exponential Smoothing Holt method by finding optimal parameters based on the smallest MAPE value. The results of this study obtained a graph of data patterns that experienced an upward trend so that it could be predicted using the Double Exponential Smoothing Holt method with optimal parameters , namely  dan  and based on the smallest MAPE value, which was 0,0418052 and also obtained the results of forecasting commercial rice sales at Perum BULOG Sub Divre Medan which will increase by 151,3 kg every month, namely in January 2022 by 865369 kg, in February 2022 by 865540,3 kg, in March 2022 by 865691,6 kg, in April 2022 by 865842,9 kg, in in May 2022 amounted to 865994,2 kg, and in June 2022 amounted to 866145,5 kg.
Assessment of Global Geopotential Models for Modelling Malaysia Marine Geoid
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Yahaya Noor Anim Zanariah , Md Din Ami Hassan ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Omar Abdullah Hisam ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Mohamad Abdullah Nazirah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohammad Yazid Nornajihah ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Pa’suya Muhammad Faiz ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Abdul Wahab Mohamad Ikbar ,   Universiti Kuala Lumpur
Published: February 2023

The evaluation towards global geopotential models represents a significant part in modelling the localised Marine Geoid. The marine geoid provides the vertical reference information in Marine Spatial Data Infrastructures (MSDI) development response to United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 14 for the sustainable development in marine environment. The main purpose of this study is to select the best model from both combined missions and satellite-only missions for the Malaysian region. The gravity anomaly field from 30 global models were exclusively calculated over the selected study area within 11 years period-time. Afterwards, each dataset was extracted from the ICGEM server to evaluate with the airborne-derived gravity anomaly from the Department of Surveying and Mapping, Malaysia. The internal accuracy, root mean square error (RMSE) and differences between every model and airborne data were computed. The result indicates GGM-derived gravity anomaly for the best combined mission is GECO with RMSE of 8.44 mGal and the standard deviation value of 28.034 mGal. While, the model from Gravity field and steady state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) namely, the GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R5 is the best for the satellite-only mission with RMSE of 17.43 mGal and the standard deviation value of 22.828 mGal. As a conclusion, GECO model is preferred as the best fit for determining the marine geoid as it has the lowest RMSE value between both mission and the maximum degree of 2109ocoverage. The finding can assist in development of marine geoid for modelling precise surface elevation.
Slope Mass Rating (SMR) Classification for Rock Slope Stability and Geohazard Vulnerability Assessment
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Albar A , Mohd-Nordin M M ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: February 2023

Quantitative classification from the Slope Mass Rating (SMR) has introduced an empirical assessment for rock slope stability rating. This stability classification enables us to foreseethe magnitude and susceptibility of rock mass failure towards adjacent infrastructure and human life. In this study, the stability of quarry rock slope was classified using SMR classification system and kinematic stability analysis before being correlatedwith geohazard vulnerability assessment. Geological formation study with site geographical survey from aerial photogrammetry technique provided comprehensive data for the study area. Fieldwork to evaluate the SMR assessment parameters was conducted by discontinuity mapping using scanline method. In-situ evaluation of rock mass such as rebound surface hardness and discontinuity characterization was carried out with rock material sampling for laboratory testing. Kinematic stability analysis presented an estimation for the direction and mode of rock slope failure. The SMR classification that constitutes geomechanics attributes had introduced the global stability rating of rock mass structure, thus facilitating the prediction of potential failure magnitude. Hence, the integration of these stability indications provides sufficient empiricalestimation for geohazard vulnerability zoning for the studied area.
The Effect of Thermal Contact Conductance (TCC) Between Aggregate Inclusion and Matrix on Thermal Conductivity of Cement-Based Material
Authors:   Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering (LGCGM), Mom Sokvisal , Hoeun Sela ,   Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering (LGCGM), Bernard Fabrice ,   Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering (LGCGM), Kamali-Bernard Siham ,   Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering (LGCGM), Han Virak ,   Institute of Technology of Cambodia Russian Federation Blvd.
Published: February 2023

The effect of Thermal Contact Conductance (TCC)onthermal conductivity of mortar has been studied at the interface between the limestone and cement paste. A novel methodology, which involves the use of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to scan the image of the interface in mortar, the software PlotDigitizer to create a set of points of the interface, and the FE software Abaqus/CAE to perform heat transfer simulation, is proposed in this study. Moreover, several hypotheses at the interface such as the gaps, flaws, and Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) are also highlighted. Temperature drop, thermal conductivity, and the TCC coefficient has been calculated for each model in order to understand the effect of TCC on cement-based materials thermal properties. The results show that the temperature drops at the interface are very low and the TCC coefficients are very high so that it can be ignored in heat transfer simulation except for a large air gap at the interface. Thus, it can be concluded that the TCC has no influence on the thermal conductivity of mortar.
Experimental Study Using Recycled Waste Tyre as Sustainable Clay Soil Stabilisation
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Md Zain Nor Hazwani , Mohd Salim Nurul Ainain ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Saiful Bahri Intan Shafika ,   Unitec Institute of Technology, Md Yusof Zeety ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Clay presents construction challengesto geotechnical engineers as it shows high compressibility, low shear strength and high level of volumetric changes behaviour. Therefore, the properties of clay need to be improved before it can be used in any type of construction. Clay soil stabilisation using either mechanical or chemical methods are normally adopted to improve its properties. However, some of these methods are reported to be ineffective, expensive and harmful to the environment. In Malaysia, around 8.2 million tyres are dumped in landfill annually. The dumping of tyres will lead to long-term environmental impact. Hence, it is proposed to reuse waste tyres for clay soil stabilisation. This research investigates the effects of recycled waste tyres on the compaction and strength properties of clay soil. Clay soils were firstly mixed with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of waste tyres and each mixed sample was tested for compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests. The results show that the optimum moisture content (OMC) increases, and maximum dry density (MDD) decreases with increasing waste tyre content. Meanwhile, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) reaches a maximum value at 10% waste tyre content and then decreases with further increments of waste tyre. It can be concluded that waste tyres have the potential to be used as an additive for sustainable clay soil stabilisation.
Effects of Current Density and Deposition Time on Corrosion Behaviour of Nickel-based Alloy Coatings
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Md Nor M S , Salleh Z ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Masdek N R N M ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kushairi S ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Abu M Z ,   AANS Technical and Services Sdn Bhd, Omar N J N ,   Perak Drainage and Irrigation Department
Published: February 2023

Corrosion of fasteners is an on-going issue and stainless steel 304 (SS304) is prone to this destructive process. One method to mitigate corrosion is electrodeposition of Co-Ni-Fe nanoparticles. This paper studied the effects of deposition time and current density on corrosion behaviour of Co-Ni-Fe coated SS304 bolt. Co-Ni-Fe ternary alloys were electrodeposited onto SS304 bolt in 15, 30, or 45 minutes by using current density of 28, 35, 42 mA/cm2. Combinations of these parameters produced 9 samples. These samples were electrochemically tested by a potentiostat using open circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). The samples were also characterised in terms of surface roughness and thickness of the coatings by using 3D surface metrology system. The OCP value decreased when deposition time was increased. All sample synthesised in 30 minutes had a more stable OCP curve. PDP curves exhibited active behaviour without passivation region. The corrosion potential (Ecorr) of T15 samples was more anodic than T30 and T45 samples. The corrosion current density (Icorr) of all samples fluctuated. Sample synthesised in 30 minutes using 42 mA/cm2 had the lowest corrosion rate. It was found that the surface roughness influences the corrosion behaviour in which a lower surface roughness tends to produce coating with better corrosion performance. Current density had small effect on the thickness of coating, whereas the tendency of a thickness to increase was obvious for deposition time.
Force and Slip Displacement of Fibre Cemboard Panels Subjected To Four-Point Bending Test
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohammed Nur Amirah Najwa , Norhalim Arnie Farhana ,   ExxonMobil BSC Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., Mohd Jaini Zainorizuan ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Abu Seman Mazlan ,   Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Published: February 2023

For many years, fibre cemboard has been widely used in the construction industry. This material has many advantages, including a long-life span, ease of installation and low maintenance, which can reduce the cost of maintenance. However, due to its limitation of being unable to support heavy loads, it is only suitable for the lightweight floor system. Therefore, the fibre cemboard panel is introduced. Basically, the fibre cemboard panel consists of several layers of fibre cemboard that stack together using a special bond mechanism. This study aims to investigate the flexural capacity and slip displacement of fibre cemboard panels with different bond mechanisms (polyurethane glue, steel bolts and polyurethane glue + steel bolts) and spacings (50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, and 200 mm). The specimens were fabricated with a size of 305 mm width, 1220 mm span and 2@16 thickness. The four-point bending test was carried out using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) that yield the force-slip displacement curves.The results of experimental testing indicate that the bond mechanism has an apparent impact on the flexural capacity and slip displacement. The fibre cemboard panels bonded by steel bolts have the best performance. Meanwhile, the spacing was found to control the slip displacement the most than the flexural capacity. Close distance of spacing may increase the stiffness that appreciably contributes to better performance. The optimum spacing for the polyurethane glue is 50 mm, while the specimens bonded by steel bolts and polyurethane glue + steel bolts should have 75 mm and100 mm spacings. The polyurethane glue can hold the stress concentration before the detachment. When polyurethane glue fails, the steel bolts resume the function to resist the slip displacement until the rapture.
The Role of the United Nations Female Army in Geopolitical Stabilization of the Middle East
Authors: Cahyani Afni Regita , Luneto Riska , Alfian Muhammad Faizal , Hakim Ahmad Luqman
Published: February 2023

The Middle East is an area that has many geopolitical interests, which has resulted in the emergence of political instability in the region. This has affected the security conditions and the world's political economy. Female peacekeepers are sent by intergovernmental organizations, such as the United Nations (UN), to carry out political stabilization programs in the Middle East.  Significant effort has been made by the United Nations to carry out female soldiers’ operations as peacekeepers. This study focuses on the role of female UN soldiers in the geopolitical stabilization efforts in the Middle East. This study uses the concept of the role of inter-governmental organizations (IGO), female military, and geopolitical interests. This research  uses a qualitative-explanatory analysis that study the crucial role of female soldiers in IGO's efforts for geopolitical stabilization in the region.  This study reveals that female soldiers sent by the UN have a positive contribution to the keeping of peace in the Middle East region.
Percutaneous embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Oliveira Larissa , Canedo Fernando , Freitas Daniel , Prudente Maurício , Araújo Adriano , Gardenghi Giulliano
Published: February 2023

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is an abnormal communication between an artery and a vein, causing clinical manifestations, such as chronic hypoxemia and embolic events. Arteriovenous malformations were treated surgically, with a significant rate of complications. In the 1970 ́s, the first percutaneous catheter embolization was performed with coils. We describe three cases in which percutaneous embolization techniques were effective to prevent embolic, hemorrhagic, and hypoxemic events in the follow-up of patients.
العوامل الطبيعية واثرها على الامتداد الجغرافي لشبكة المبازل في مركز قضاء المحاويل وناحية الامام
Authors: محسن سرهيد حسن , خالد حسين أ . د  زينة
Published: February 2023

ان دراسة العوامل الطبيعية ومدى تأثيرها على مياه المبازل في منطقة الدراسة اذ انها تسهم في احداث تغيرات كمية ونوعية في مياه البزل, وان هذه العوامل الطبيعية لها اثر مهم على كمية الموارد المائية ونوعيتها في اي اقليم جغرافي ويختلف هذا التأثير بحسب نوعية وخصائص كل عامل موجود ضمن منطقة الدراسة  وتم التعرف بشكل واضح على الخصائص الطبيعية المهمة في منطقة الدراسة حيث تم دراسة العوامل والتي تشمل ( التركيب الجيولوجي والسطح والخصائص المناخية والموارد المائية والتربة والمياه الجوفية والنبات الطبيعي ) , وكذلك تم التعرف على  انواع المبازل اذا كانت رئيسة او فرعية او ثانوية او مجمعة  ومعرفة امتداد شبكة المبازل في منطقة الدراسة ومدى تباينها المكاني وتأثير هذا التباين على مياه المبازل وذلك من حيث اختلاف اطوال المبازل ومدى تصاريفها.
الشيخ معروف النودهي ومنهجه في كتابه "كشف الغوامض
Authors: طيب طاهر ريفينك , أبو بكر قادر أ.م.د. فائز
Published: February 2023

فهذا بحث مختصر اقتبسته من رسالتي الماجستير، والّتي هي دراسة وتحقيق مخطوطة للشيخ معروف النودهي البرزنجي، والموسومة بـ(كشف الغوامض شرح منظومة قطر العارض في علم الفرائض)، والبحث المُقتَبَس عبارة عن منهج الشيخ معروف النودهي في شرحه هذا، وقد قُسم البحث الى ثلاثة مباحث، اختص المبحث الأول بحياة الشيخ باختصار يسير، ثم أتبعها بالتعريف بالمخطوطة وبياناتها، وفي المبحث الثاني ألقى الباحث الضوء على منهجه المختص بالفرائض كزياداته، وكيفية ترتيبه للأبواب، ومصادره وكيفية عزوه للمعلومات، ونقله للمعتمد من المذهب الشافعي، وكيفية استدلاله بالآيات والأحاديث، وغير ذلك، ثم يأتي المبحث الثالث وفيه اشارة الى منهجه بشكل عام كتفسيره للكلمات الغريبة، واهتمامه بتشكيل الكلمات الغامضة، واختياره لبعض الآراء النحوية، وغير ذلك، ثم تأتي أهم النتائج
الأساليب الإنشائية في مواعظ الإمام الحسن بن علي _ عليه السلام _ ( الأمر والنهي) أنموذجا
Authors: عبد الامير جبار الخالدي م. انتصار
Published: February 2023

تناول البحث أساليب الأمر والنهي لدورها الفعال واحتلالها مساحة واسعة في المواعظ, فجاء بحثنا بعنوان (الأساليب الإنشائية في مواعظ الإمام الحسن بن علي عليه السلام (الأمر والنهي) أنموذجا) , وكان قائماً على محورين تسبقهما مقدمة وتعقبهما خاتمة. تناول المحور الأول التعريف بأسلوب الأمر وتطبيقه على أقوال الأمام الحسن عليه السلام, أما المحور الثاني فكان لبيان أسلوب النهي مع التطبيق على أقوال الإمام .
الابتكارية في صناعة الايقونة وتوظيفها في الاعلان المعاصر دراسة تحليلية للصفحة الرسمية لشركة مرسيدس- بنز العالمية / الشرق الأوسط فيFacebook
Authors: عبد الكاظم عبد الحسين الوائلي م.م. رائد
Published: February 2023

توضح المفاهيم الرمزية دور كل منها في اولويتها بالنسبة للمؤسسات، وهذه المهام يتم تحديدها من قبل المؤسسة وتعمل على رسمها في أذهان الجمهور ، فتعد الايقونة مركزا متقدما بين هذه الرموز ، لذلك عني الباحث بتسليط الضوء على دراسة هذا البحث من خلال آلية صناعة الايقونة ، وتضمن مشكلته البحثية بتسليط الضوء على توظيف التقنيات والأفكار المستحدثة في تسويقها ، وركز البحث على مجموعة من الأهداف منها التعرف على الأفكار الجديدة التي تم توظيفها بالظهور الإعلاني ، واعتمد الباحث المنهج المسحي لأداة تحليل المضمون التي تسهم في الوصول الى نتائج البحث ، وركز الباحث ضمن مجتمع بحثة على الصفحة الرسمية لشركة مرسيدس – بنز للشرق الأوسط وتناول تحليل كافة إعلانات هذه الصفحة للنصف الأول لسنة 2022 ، وتوصل البحث الى ان شركة مرسيدس – بنز للشرق الأوسط قد اعتمدت في تصميم اعلاناتها على برامج متخصصة بمجال التصميم وتم توظيف تلك البرامج من اجل تحديد عناصر اعلاناتها بأخذ حيز كبير منها بالاهتمام بالفن التشكيلي والجرافيكي بوصفه طابعا للجمالية ،فضلا عن  ان الشركة كان لها اهتمام كبير بكافة الماركات التي تمتلكها وكانت لها علامات تجارية مختلفة تدل كل واحدة منها على الفئة التي تنتمي لها المركبة ، واستطاعت أيضا توظيف مساحة كبيرة لرموزها والشعارات المقترنة بها ، ومن الاستنتاجات المقدمة هي ان سبب تركيز الشركة على الإعلانات الدولية كان بدافع التوحيد لجميع الظروف التي تعمل بها المركبة وهي كانت موجهة لاي طبيعة جغرافية لذلك انتهجت هذا النوع من الإعلان ، فضلا عن أن الشركة استطاعت أن  تحقق فارقا مهما بين الايقونة بوصفها رمزا لمرسيدس – بنز باعتباره يرمز لها بشكل مباشر وبين الرموز الأخرى وهي ماركات تجارية منها( (AMG/EQS/GLS/GLC/GLB/ .
اثر استراتيجية تسلسل الاجابات في تحصيل طلاب الصف الرابع الادبي في مادة التاريخ الحضارة العربية الاسلامية
Authors: اسماعيل مهدي أ.م.د. قاسم
Published: February 2023

يهدف البحث الى التعرف على اثر استراتيجية لتسلسل الاجابات في تحصيل طلاب الصف الرابع الادبي في مادة الحضارة العربية الاسلامية من خلال التحقق من الفرضية الصفرية الاتية لاتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصاىية بين متوسط درجات تحصيل طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون مادة تاريخ الحضارة العربية الاسلامية باستعمال استراتيجية تسلسل الاجابات ومتوسط درجات تحصيل طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون نفس المادة بالطريقة التقليدية، اختار الباحث بصورة قصديه اعدادية الفارابي للبنين البالغ عدد طلابها 52طالبا" للمجموعة التدريبية والضابطة واتبع الباحث المنهج التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي ، وازن الباحث بين مجموعتي البحث بالمتغيرات (درجات تحصيل مادة تاريخ الحضارة العربيه الاسلامية،التحصيل الدراسي للاباء والامهات ) وصاغ الباحث 98 هدفا سلوكيا وعد 48 خطة دراسية بواقع 24 خطة لكل مجموعة اما اداة البحث فقد اعد الباحث اختبارا تحصيليا مكون من 40فقرة موزعة على سؤالين الاول موضوعي من نوع الاختبار متعدد وبلغ عدد الفقرات 30 فقرة ، والثاني مقالي بلغ عدد الفقرات 10 فقرة ، وتحقق الباحث من الصدق الظاهري والبناء واستخراج الخصائص السيكومترية ، واعتمد الباحث الحقيبة  الاحصائية من (spss).
البعد السياسي لمفهوم الإنسان الكامل في الفكر الصوفي
Authors: ياسين صالح م.م. مثنى
Published: February 2023

إن مفهوم السُلطة – وبالضرورة السلطة السياسية – بمثابة وصف لإستراتيجية غير محددة الموقع تُمارَس بأنماط شتى، فهي لا تحتل موقعاً برانياً بالنسبة لعلاقاتها المتشعبة، بل إنها مُنبَثة حيثما كان، لتؤدي دور المنتج المباشر بصورة علنية أو متخفية. البحث في موضوع البُعد السياسي لمفهوم الإنسان الكامل عند الصوفية يعني محاولة رصد وتحليل العلاقة ما بين التصوف والسلطة السياسية. والحقيقة أن هذه العلاقة هي من الخفاء بمكان، إنها تنسحب أمام أية قراءة كلاسيكية للظاهرة الصوفية، متخفية وراء مفاهيم أنطولوجية شمولية : الحقيقة المطلقة، الوجود الحق...الخ، ومرتكزات أخلاقية وأحوال وجدانية : الزهد، الفناء...الخ، وغاية مثالية تجد تحققها الأقصى في مفهوم الإنسان الكامل. لتنتج لنا نظرية متعالية لا تستمد أصولها من حركة التاريخ أو الواقع الإجتماعي، وإنما من أفكار ومعتقدات مُنتجيها، وإيحاءات الحقيقة المطلقة والقدرة الكلية للفكر الطوبائي.
نقض الروايات الاسرائيلية الخاصة في بني اسرائيل بالأدلة و البراهين القرآنية
Authors: حاتم بديد الابراهيمي أ.م. ياسمين , راضي هلول محمد
Published: February 2023

هذا البحث هو محاولة لوضع اطروحة تحمل بين طياتها مقبولية ممتازة حول الجدل غير المستقر حول بني اسرائيل، من حيث الاصل والانتماء والامتداد التاريخي والتأرجح بين تصديقهم ودعمهم للأنبياء وقتلهم لهم. ومع هذا نجد الاهتمام الخاص بهم من قبل الله سبحانه و تعالى حتى ذكرهم بالصريح احدى واربعين مرة وارسل الانبياء لإنقاذهم مما هم فيه من ضلال وجعلهم مرجعا لأسئلة الانبياء حول آيات الله. لقد أثرت الروايات الاسرائيلية على الفهم العام للمفسر والراوي للحديث والسيرة بل وحتى علماء الاجتماع ،ونرى ذلك بوضوح على الفكر الاسلامي بصورة عامة بحيث طغت وحجبت تلك الروايات الفهم التاريخي والجغرافي للقران الكريم بل على كل علومه قديما وحديثا الا ما ندر من الباحثين الذين جعلوا القران الكريم محورا لأبحاثهم، فبنو اسرائيل اقوام موجودة منذ ادم عليه السلام كما تم اثباته بين ثنايا البحث بالأدلة القرآنية التي لا تقبل الشك، وان اجيالهم مستمرة لغاية الساعة، وان من الاخطاء المعرفية التي توصل اليها علماء اللغة ومفسرو القران الكريم هو ان بني اسرائيل هم اليهود وهذا ناتج عن اخذهم واعتمادهم في تحقيق معلوماتهم على الرواية وعلم الرجال وعدم عرض تلك الروايات على آيات الذكر الحكيم، فكانت النتائج متشابهة على مر العصور وفي الاغلب الاعظم من تفاسير القران الكريم، فمادامت المناهل واحدة كانت النتائج واحدة.
تحديد المعادن الثقيلة في العينات المائية من نهر الخابور - العراق باستخدام مطيافية الانبعاث البصري بالبلازما المقترنة بالحث((ICP-OES وبعض المعلمات الأخرى: كحالة بيئية
Authors: سعيد عمر عمر , علي حسن محمود , جميل عبدى لزكين
Published: February 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى فحص محتويات المعادن الثقيلة والمخاطر البيئية في مياه نهر الخابور في زاخو - العراق. تم اختيار عشرة مواقع مختلفة على نهر الخابور منذ بداية دخوله إلى إقليم كردستان حتى تداخله مع نهر دجلة عند النقطة الحدودية الثلاثية (العراق ، سوريا ، وتركيا). تم اختبار درجة الحرارة ، ودرجة الحموضة ، والتوصيل الكهربائي ، والأكسجين المذاب ، والأملاح الذائبة الكلية ، والعكارة محليًا في الحقل. تم استخدام مطياف الانبعاث البصري للبلازما المقترن حثيًا (ICP-OES) ، ومقياس الضوء باللهب ، وطرق المعايرة لتحليل خمسة وعشرين معدنًا في عينات المياه. وجد أن بعض المعادن الثقيلة تحت مستوى قابلة للكشف مثل البورون والكادميوم والبريليوم والنيكل والأنتيمون والسيلينيوم. تم العثور على الكروم في مكان واحد فقط بتركيز 0.002 مجم / لتر. وجد الألمنيوم أعلى من المستويات المقبولة في منطقتين بتركيزات (0.215 و 0.1893 ملغم / لتر). أيضًا ، في نقطتين أخريين ، وجد أن الحديد أعلى من المستوى المسموح به (0.397 و 0.311 مجم / لتر). وفقًا للمعايير العراقية ومعايير منظمة الصحة العالمية ، كانت المعادن الثقيلة الأخرى أقل من القيمة المتأثرة. تم حساب مؤشر جودة المياه (WQI) لتقييم جودة المياه. أظهرت النتائج أن المياه في أحد مواقع نهر الخابور كانت رديئة الجودة ، لكنها كانت جيدة في مواقع اخرى
النوع الاجتماعي للمعتذر كعامل اجتماعي في استخدام استراتيجيات الاعتذار ( دراسة اجتماعية-تداولية)
Authors: واثق ياسين عمران سهر , شويش أحمد أ.د.  مصلح
Published: February 2023

التأدب هو نمط محدد ثقافيًا لاستخدام اللغة يُمكّن المتحدث من صياغة أفعال الكلام مثل الإعتذار. يعتبر الإعتذار جزءًا من الدراسة التداولية وينتمي إلى أفعال الكلام التعبيرية; ومع ذلك ، لا يمكن فصله عن علم اللغة الاجتماعي ؛ لأن العوامل الاجتماعية مثل السياق الاجتماعي، والنوع الإجتماعي، وعلاقة المشاركين يمكن أن يكون لها تأثيراً على كيفية قيام المعتذرين بتقديم اعتذارهم. وبالتالي ، فإن استراتيجيات الاعتذار التي يستخدمها طلاب و طالبات الدراسات العليا العراقيون في جامعة الأنبار بحاجة إلى دراسة ، بالإضافة إلى دراسة تأثير النوع الاجتماعي للمعتذر على استخدام استراتيجيات الاعتذار المهذبة. تم استخدام مهمة إكمال الخطاب شفوياَ كأدة لجمع البيانات مدعماً بمقابلة شبه مهيكلة. قد تم تحليل البيانات بإستخدام الأساليب النوعية للتحليل الوصفي بإعتماد تنصيف ليتش 2014 لاستراتيجيات الاعتذار. وأظهرت النتائج أن كانت 'الإعراب عن الأسف' هي أكثر استراتيجيات الاعتذار استخداماً بين أفراد العينة. وقد كشفت النتائج أن كلا الجنسين استخدم استراتيجيات غير مباشرة مختلفة لدعم اعتذارهم بناءً على سياق الموقف . وقد استخدم كلا الجنسين نوعًا جديدًا من الاستراتيجيات الداعمة وهي 'تحمل مسؤولية خطأ أحد أعضاء المجموعة'. وتوصلت النتائج إلى ان نوع المشاركين الأجتماعي كان له تأثير طفيف على اختيار استراتيجيات الإعتذار المهذبة. علاوة على أن الوضع الاجتماعي (القوة) والعمر كانت أكثر العوامل تأثيراً مقارنة بالعوامل الإجتماعية الأخرى.
RESEPSI ESTETIS DAN FUNGSIONAL ATAS ADEGAN RUQYAH DALAM FILM ROH FASIK: (KAJIAN LIVING QUR’AN)
Authors: Nurmansyah Ihsan , Jabbar Luqman Abdul , Sulaiman
Published: February 2023

Tulisan ini membahas tentang fenomena living qur'an atas adegan ruqyah dalam film Roh Fasik yang diproduksi oleh RA Pictures pada tahun 2019. Adegan ruqyah dalam film Roh Fasik memiliki keunikan tersendiri dibanding film-film yang lain, yakni dimana seorang ustadz melantunkan ayat suci al-Qur’an dengan irama yang sangat merdu. Untuk mengetahui apa dasar penggunaan ayat ayat al-Qur’an dilantunkan dan mengapa ayat tersebut digunakan, peneliti menggunakan teori resepsi estetis dan fungsional yang diperkenalkan oleh Ahmad Rafiq. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) Resepsi estetis terlihat pada saat proses ruqyah, ustadz Hasan dan Kemal melantunkan ayat suci al-Qur'an dengan irama Bayyati pada Surah al-Baqarah/2: 148, irama Nahawand pada Surah al-Baqarah/2: 255, irama Bayyati Kurdi pada Surah al-A'raf/7: 117-122, irama Rost pada Surah al-Ikhlas dan al-Falaq. Tujuannya sebagai media yang efektif bagi pasien untuk cepat bereaksi. 2) Resepsi fungsional pada aspek informatif berisi tentang keagungan Allah dan potensi manusia yang dapat menghadapi jin. Sedangkan resepsi fungsional pada aspek performatif, yaitu jin yang ada di dalam tubuh manusia tidak dapat bersembunyi dan melakukan tipu daya, serta jin tersebut dapat dikeluarkan dari tubuh manusia
Least Squares-Optimal Transport (LS-OT) Regression for varying time delays
Authors: Tsakam-Sotche Brice
Published: February 2023

While analysing time series data, conventional linear regression methods leave us the choice with one of two assumptions: either the dependent and independent variables are synchronous or fixed time lags are assumed.
However the time lag might be varying over time, or noisy. The time lag becomes an additional source of error beside the usual (measurement) noise. Ignoring the variable time lag amounts to a specification error. We use optimal transport cost as a way to account for the time lag uncertainty and make ordinary least squares (OLS) robust to this type of error or noise.  Using the chain rule, this enhancement to the conventional OLS regression model of noise easily generalises to multivariate regression.
Virtual Reality as a Tool to Understand Spatial Navigation
Authors: Creem-Regehr Sarah , Kelly Jonathan , Bodenheimer Bobby , Stefanucci Jeanine
Published: February 2023

Spatial navigation, the ability to explore, learn, and remember one’s environment, is a skill that is fundamental to everyday goals. Navigation is challenging to study because it requires understanding and integrating multiple sources of information from the environment and the body as well as many cognitive processes including perception, attention, memory, and decision making. Virtual Reality (VR), the presentation and experience of a synthetic sensory environment, provides a method to study spatial navigation in controlled, ecologically valid, and innovative ways. In this review, we describe VR as a tool to study spatial navigation with the perspective that basic science questions and applications mutually inform one another. We focus on how VR has advanced an understanding of the spatial cues, spatial knowledge, and individual differences involved in spatial navigation and discuss the role and implications of different VR technologies that allow for these investigations.
Measuring Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance in Surveys
Authors: Buil-Gil David , Trajtenberg Nicolas , Aebi Marcelo F.
Published: February 2023

Cybercrime is on the rise, and so is the need to systematically analyze its prevalence, distribution, causes, and consequences. While official records (mainly police, prosecution and court statistics) provide important information to explore online crime, they have been subject to extensive criticism due to the presence of measurement error arising from the combined influences of victims’ underreporting and recording practices. Consequently, researchers, crime analysts and policy makers are increasingly relying on estimates of cybercrime and cyberdeviance based on surveys. This chapter reviews the measures of cybercrime and cyberdeviance included in national crime surveys, including household and business victimization surveys and self-report offending surveys. The chapter describes, categorizes and compares measures included in surveys, and discusses opportunities and limitations to generate reliable and valid estimates to study cybercrime and cyberdeviance. Measures included in surveys do not capture the diversity of criminal and deviant behaviors that take place online, and some surveys only probe about certain frauds that may take place both on and offline. The chapter identifies opportunities for researchers to utilize existing data to advance our understanding of online victimization and offending, and provides methodological recommendations to improve the recording of cybercrime and cyberdeviance in existing surveys.
D-Dimer as a biomarker for COVID-19 patients' illness severity and mortality: A hospital-based study from eastern Nepal
Authors: Mittal Ankush , Farooqui Mohammad Shamim
Published: February 2023

Background: The biomarker D-dimer, produced when fibrin breaks down, is frequently used to diagnose thrombotic diseases. D-dimer has been recognized as a potential indication of the prognosis for COVID-19 patients since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected and compared the demographic, clinical, and liver function data of patients with confirmed COVID-19 at admission between those with elevated and those with normal D- dimer levels in our hospital-based study.

Material and methods: A hospital-based study that used data from the biochemistry laboratory at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital in Biratnagar, Nepal, was conducted between July 31 and December 31, 2021. Measurements included age, gender, D- Dimer, procalcitonin, C- Reactive Protein (CRP), aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase.

Results: In COVID-19 patients with normal D-dimer levels, the mean age was 55 years (CI, 43-67), while in those with increased levels, it was 66 years (CI, 52-80). In the increased group of the D- dimer, almost 20% had diabetes mellitus, and 8% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Compared to the normal group, the mean values of  D- Dimer, procalcitonin,  C- Reactive Protein (CRP), aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphate in the raised group were noticeably higher.

Conclusion: In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals frequently have high D-dimer levels. Critically sick patients had much greater levels, which can be utilized as a predictive indicator for in-hospital mortality.
Talent Management Practices and Organizational Commitment in Nepalese Commercial Banks
Authors: Gautam Kishor Kumar
Published: February 2023

The purpose in Nepalese commercial banks. Data was collected from 300 employees working in commercial banks operating in Kathmandu valley using a simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Model validity and hypotheses were tested using structured equation modelling. Variables reliability and validity are measured by confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that there is a correlation between talent management practices and organizational commitment. The results further show that talent management practices have a significant influence on organizational commitment in commercial banks of Nepal. This study contributes to the literature of talent management practices in financial institutions, especially for the Nepalese scenario.
A Satanic Master Signifier: The Prosperity Preacher, the President, and the Disobedient Virus
Authors: Nicholls Brett
Published: February 2023

This article presents an account of prosperity gospel preacher Kenneth Copeland’s unwavering support for Donald Trump. Employing an approach to discourse derived from Ernesto Laclau and Chantelle Mouffe, I examine two aspects of Copeland’s teachings and practices. First, I examine his infamous judgement upon Covid-19 (The Judgement), in which he declares war on the virus as a satanic plot. Second, I consider his spiralling teachings on faith, which, like The Judgement, pay considerable attention to the figure of Satan. Both of these aspects reveal Satan’s central role in establishing the stability of Copeland’s discursive world. Satan functions, in Laclau’s terms, as an empty signifier. I call this empty signifier the master signifier, a play on the master Satan. I claim that to understand Copeland’s commitment to Trump, Trump’s relationship to the master signifier is crucial. Copeland casts Trump as an anointed king, a central player in the cosmic battle to realise America’s divine destiny. To be a member of the prosperity gospel community, despite its twists and turns, is to be committed to standing with the anointed against the external foe, Satan.
Giant Hematoma of Rectus Abdominis Muscle in a Patient with Schistosomiasis without Periportal Abnormalities
Authors: Bezerra Alexandre Sacchetti , Bezerra Alexandre Sacchetti , Moisés Tobias Braga Walter , Ferrari Raphaela , Felicio Bauab Dauar Rafi , Andrei Miranda de Carvalho Heitor , Delfino Nascimento Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

A 60-year-old patient came to the IIER due to abdominal pain for 2 days, associated with flu with cough. The patient treated schistosomiasis twice without effects. During physical examination and complementary exams, she presented ecchymosis in the midline of the abdomen, normal platelet level, giant hematoma in the rectus abdominais muscle without periportal changes. A careful retrospective analysis shows inconsistency between the initial platelet levels and the severe progression of the clinical. The investigation and confirmation of thrombocytopenia is very important, and some medical center recommend manual counting through blood smears. Prospective studies are needed to know how platelet measurements should be performed in schistosomiasis.
Impact of coronavirus crisis on the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Saparova B. , Kuttybaeva N. , Omarova A. , Orynbassarova Y. , Shugaipova Z.
Published: February 2023

Object: The crisis and the lockdown that led to a sharp reduction in businesses in various industries, sales markets, interruptions in supply chains, restrictions on the free movement of citizens . The demand for oil has decreased andworld prices for it have collapsed. All these unfavorable macroeconomic factors indicate that the country is facing a crisis and a long period of recovery of various industries. In this regard, a study of the current state of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan during the quarantine period in connection with the COVID -19 pandemic was conducted.Methods: General scientific methods, in particular, the method of content analysis, the method of analysis, the method of generalization, the method of graphical interpretation.Results: The results of the study show that in the short term it may be more expedient for the country’s economy to give priority to the domestic economy than to the external one. In addition, from the point of view of medium- and long-term plans, it is important that Kazakhstan draws lessons from i nternational experiences to take action on the eco-nomic recovery plan.Conclusions: The development of proposals and recommendations for medium and small businesses to overcome the economic crisis. A number of methodological, theoretical and practical issues related to the improvement of the op-erational and financial activities of enterprises during the quarantine period and the way out of the pandemic are consid-ered.
Marketing as a function of project management in the sports industry of the Karaganda region
Authors: Аsanova М.K. , Мukanov B.О. , Saduov A.Zh. , Rakhimzhanova R.A.
Published: February 2023

Object: Marketing analysis of the correspondence of the degree of development of the sports infrastructure of the city of Karaganda to the existing demand for mass sports and the requirements of the development of high -performance sports.Methods: Statistical method and system analysis. Results: There is insufficient provision of modern sports infrastructure in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The demand for modern sports facilities significantly exceeds the supply. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, it is 43%, while in developed countries it exceeds 63%. The Republic of Kazakhstan should take further steps to develop sports infrastructure through the implementation of appropriate projects.Conclusions: In the period after the pandemic, the load on the sports infrastructure will grow, the growth rate of sports participants will outpace the growth rate of sports facilities. There are a small number of sports facilities in the Karaganda region that meet international standards. Therefore, it is necessary to implement projects to create sports facilities, primarily in the field of children’s and youth sports and international-level big sports in selected priority sports.
Ауылдық аумақтарды дамытудағы күн энергиясын қолданудың болашағы
Authors: Бердимурат Н. , Абаев А.А. , Сатмурзаев А.А. , Джусибалиева А.К. , Нурмагамбетова А.З.
Published: February 2023

Мақсаты: Мақаланың мақсаты ауылдық аумақтардың энергетикалық ресурстарды өндіру мен тұтынудыңжаңа прогрессивті технологияларын кеңінен пайдалану негізінде ауыл шаруашылығы өндірісінің келешек дамужолы жаңартылатын энергия көздерін пайдалану ауқымын кеңейтуді анықтау. Теориялық-әдістемелікнегіздерді зерттеу және ғылыми-тәжірибелік ұсыныстарды негіздеу болып табылады. Әдісі: Зерттеудің әдіснамалық базасы ретінде абстрактілі-логикалық, статистикалық, сараптамалық, салы-стырмалы және құрылымдық әдістер пайдаланылды. Зерттеудің теориялық негізі ауылдық аумақтарды, аг-роөнеркәсіптік жаңартылатын энергия көздерін пайдалану ауқымын кеңейту жөніндегі қазақстандық және ше-телдік ғалымдардың іргелі еңбектері, сондай-ақ Қазақстан Республикасының агроөнеркәсіптік кешенді жәнеауылдық аумақтарды мемлекеттік реттеу саласындағы нормативтік-құқықтық актілері болып табылады.Қорытынды: Жүргізілген әдістер негізінде Қазақстан аймақтарында жылжымалы отын электр станцияла-ры қолданылатын орталықтандырылған электрмен жабдықтау жүйесінен алыс фермерлік шаруашылықтар бар. Қазақстан Республикасының ауылдық аумақтарының географиялық координаттарын және NASA электрондықбазасының деректерін пайдалана отырып, біз күн радиациясының жиынтық кірісін анықтадық. Күн радиаци-ясының орташа мәнінің ең үлкен кірісі Оңтүстік Қазақстан облысының ауылдық аумақтарында (4.32 кВт/m2/тәулік) тіркелді, ал Күн сәулесінің ең аз қарқындылығы Солтүстік Қазақстан облысында байқалады(3.28 кВт/m2/тәулік). Алынған мәліметтерді талдау Қазақстанның ауылдық аумағында күн сәулесінің келуініңорташа мәні айтарлықтай өзгеретінін көрсетті. Сондықтан күн радиациясының қарқындылығы бойынша үшаймақты бөлуге болады: жоғары (5 аймақ), орташа (5 аймақ) және төмен (4 аймақ). Қазақстанның ауылдықаумақтарының айлар бойынша жарық күнінің ұзақтығын есептеу тәуліктің жартысына жуығы күн (күніне 7.48-ден 17 сағатқа дейін), сондай-ақ маусымға қарамастан жарқырайтынын көрсетті. Бұл күн бойы электр энерги-ясын, сондай-ақ артық электр энергиясының қосалқы бөлшектерін өндіруге және оны тәуліктің қараңғы уақытында пайдалануға кепілдік береді .Тұжырымдама: Агроөнеркәсіптік кешен субъектілері аккумуляторлы батареясы, инверторы, контроллерібар, қуаты 2 кВт-тан басталатын күн панельдерін «Жайылымдарды суландыру инфрақұрылымын құру жәнемал өсіруші шаруашылықтарды сумен қамтамасыз ету (құдықтар, ұңғымалар)» жобасының паспорты негізіндешаруашылықтарында орната алады. Күн панельдерін ауылдық аумақтарды дамыту үшін қолданудың мынадайтиімді жақтары бар: салынған инвестициялардың қайтарымдылығы жүзеге асырылады; ауыл тұрғындарытұрақты электр энергиясымен қамтылады; күн сәулелерін қолдану қоршаған ортаның қауіпсіздігіне әсеретпейді.
Повышение конкурентоспособности предпринимательских структур в условиях инновационного форсайта
Authors: Бекебаева М.О. , Коптаева Г.П. , Шадиева А.А. , Туребаева Ж.К. , Оразова Б.Б.
Published: February 2023

Цель: В связи с тем, что возникают трудности действенного руководства и формирования конкурентоспособности предприятий разных сфер деятельности, важно создать благоприятные условия для ведения предпринимательской деятельности в условиях инновационного форсайта. Из-за того что конкурентоспособность, возникающая в предпринимательской структуре, не гарантируется владением факторами производства, а также иные ключевые факторы организации предпринимательской деятельности, как имеющийся предпринимательский талант, не исключают того, что организация может обладать здоровой конкурентоспособностью. На данный момент предпринимательская структура имеет интеллектуальную составляющую развития, которая включает в себя создание и внедрение новейших технологий. Также она должна иметь готовность к переменам. С целью получения устойчивых или изыскательных конкурентных преимуществ, составляющих стратегическую конкурентоспособность, необходимо иметь умение разрабатывать инновации и поддерживать переходы. Методы: В исследовании были использованы методы сравнительного анализа, рассчитаны относительные показатели, дедукция и метод визуализации данных исследования, метод экспертных оценок.Результаты: Разработаны предложения по внедрению алгоритма метода управления и повышения конкурентоспособности предпринимательских структур на основе инновационного форсайта, а также рассмотрен ряд разных вопросов, связанных с созданием и реализацией стратегии по повышению конкурентоспособности, но из-за неполноты изученности предпринимательской структуры существует определенная проблематика в применении метода.Выводы: На основе проведенного исследования можно утверждать, что при условии, когда предпринимательская структура будет обладать компонентом развития в виде инновационного форсайта, то есть включать способность производить и внедрять инновации в систему управления предпринимательской структуры, то это будет являться устойчивым конкурентным преимуществом. В статье рассмотрен инновационный форсайт как эффективный инструмент повышения конкурентоспособности предпринимательских структур в долгосрочной перспективе.