bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convencionalidade e direito de acesso à informação: estudo de caso de requerimento sobre cumprimento de sentença internacional no Sistema Eletrônico do Serviço de Informação ao Cidadão (e-Sic)
Authors: De Azevedo Antunes Camila , Klein Gussoli Felipe
Published: April 2021

A Constituição Federal brasileira de 1988 acompanha uma tendência mundial do pós 2ª Guerra Mundial de valorização e proteção dos direitos fundamentais do cidadão. Neste contexto, o artigo busca analisar o direito humano de acesso à informação pública, tanto constitucionalmente quanto no cenário internacional, por meio da prevista na Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos e Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Civis e Políticos. Investiga também o direito no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e como se desenvolve o seu cumprimento. O método escolhido foi o indutivo, pois parte da análise de pedido de requerimento de informações acerca do caso Garibaldi vs. Brasil apresentado perante o Sistema Eletrônico do Serviço de Informação ao Cidadão (e-Sic). O estudo conclui que o sistema jurídico brasileiro apresente avanços, como a promulgação da Lei de Acesso à Informação (Lei nº 12.527/2011), mas que há necessidade de aperfeiçoamento para alcançar a plena efetivação daquele direito para alcançar a cidadania à luz da convencionalidade.
La historia viva: el archivo
Authors: Montañez Torres Julián Andrés
Published: April 2021

La historia viva: el archivo, presenta un panorama sucinto del origen y desarrollo del archivo como institución política identificando los diversos intereses que se cruzan en él y evidenciando qué su futuro se encuentra en disputa entre el privilegio y el derecho. A partir de una reflexión vivida y una revisión historiográfica el autor plantea la importancia de este espacio para la Historia del Estado moderno y para los sectores sociales alternativos, realizando un llamado para la transformación de las prácticas históricas que determinan la naturaleza de la institución archivística.
Devenir mujer: el desbordamiento del proyecto trascendental moderno en la experiencia monstruosa de las mujeres
Authors: García Ortiz Doris Lised
Published: April 2021

El artículo presenta un acercamiento ontológico y político a la categoría devenir mujer en la modernidad, debatiendo entre diferentes perspec­tivas académicas de la filosofía y la historia, con el objetivo de aportar elementos de análisis que contribuyan a la comprensión de las mujeres en el campo de los estudios sociales. Se trata de construir una entrada teórica y práctica sobre las formas de producción de los cuerpos feme­ninos a partir de localizaciones culturales, políticas y sociales, así como una aproximación a los procesos de resistencia de las mujeres a esas posiciones naturalizadas, desterritorializando las formas en que han sido nombradas y disciplinadas desde el saber hegemónico masculino. En este sentido, se pretende rastrear devenires monstruosos de mujeres, desligando este análisis de miradas esencialistas del ser mujer y brindan­do, por el contrario, elementos para comprender la expresión singular y extraña de las mujeres desde un materialismo encarnado.
TÜRKİYE’DE TURİZM GELİRİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN ÖNEM DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ALTINDAĞ İlkay , AKAY Özlem
Published: April 2021

Turizm, karmaşık sosyal, ekonomik ve fiziksel etkisiyle uluslararası bir fenomen haline gelen ve uluslararası pazarda en büyük ve en hızlı büyüyen endüstrilerden biridir. Oldukça rekabetçi bir sektör olan turizm, günümüzde arz odaklı olmak yerine talep odaklı bir piyasa olarak ele alınmaktadır. Türkiye, tarihi zenginlikleri ve doğal güzellikleri ile turistlerin sıklıkla tercih ettiği ender turizm merkezleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu durum sayesinde Türkiye’deki turizm sektörü, ülke ekonomisine oldukça önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin turizm gelirine etki eden değişkenlerin önem düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye’nin 2001-2019 yılları arasındaki turizm gelirinin belirleyicileri olarak, ziyaretçi sayısı, dolar kuru, acente sayısı ve yatak sayısı değişkenleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada analiz yöntemi olarak Yapay Sinir Ağları (YSA) ve Path Analizi kullanılmıştır
A Comparison of Feature Density for Large Scale Online Maps
Authors: Peterson Michael P.
Published: April 2021

Large scale maps as provided by Google, Microsoft Bing, and Mapbox among others provide users an important source of information for local environments. Comparing maps from these services helps to evaluate both the quality of the underlying spatial data and the rendering process. A comparison procedure is used that generates large scale map pairs at random locations using the Application Programmer Interface (API) for three different mapping services. The quality of each representation is then evaluated for feature and label density. The comparison is done for three different continents. For North America, it was found that maps from Google had consistently higher feature and label density than those from Microsoft Bing and Mapbox. Google Maps also held an advantage in Europe. Maps from Microsoft Bing were more detailed in Sub-Saharan Africa in comparison to both Google Maps and Mapbox. Maps from Mapbox, that relies exclusively on data from OpenStreetMap, had the lowest feature and label density for all three areas.
Pedagodzy społeczni jako współtowarzysze migrantów w procesie adaptacji społeczno-kulturowej, integracji i inkluzji
Authors: Pietrusińska Marta
Published: April 2021

Increased migration to Poland and at the same time an increase in anti-immigrant attitudes cause that social pedagoguesface a new challenge related to the integration andinclusion of migrants. In the article I focus on a transformation of social pedagogues roles due to the mentioned above social changes and new challenges – the discourse the introduces symbolic violence, learned helplessness and lack of agency of migrants, and the insufficient number of social pedagogues with intercultural and andragogicalcompetence. Based on these difficulties faced by social pedagogues I describe what could be their role in the process of integration of migrants and the host society.
Stres w pracy nauczyciela – wybrane uwarunkowania
Authors: Szczygieł Magdalena
Published: April 2021

Stress aspects still remain as an existing problem, which requires further interdisciplinary studies. Considering the strong impact of chronic exposure to psychosocial stressors at a workplace in relational and incentives contexts of undertaking professional duties, those aspects gain in importance in teachers’ work. A person stays in a continuouscontact with a student, parent or another teacher, and their motivation seems to be a key aspect for the entire education process. The presented article is an attempt to capturestress indicators in a teachers’ work, as well as ways of dealing with them in a school reality. The article begins by highlighting the most important stress definitions, followed by a brief methodology of self-research. Then the author describes stressors present in teacher’s work, which were identified in empirical studies, and ways of dealing with stress used by tested teachers. The article ends with conclusions and recommendations for further representative studies.
Strategie dydaktyki kognitywistycznej: hyper-konstruktywizm i neo-realizm. Podstawy teoretyczne
Authors: Karwasz Grzegorz
Published: April 2021

While the term “cognitivistic pedagogy” appeared already in Polish literature, “cognitivistic didactics” is addressed mainly by foreign authors. We define principles and methods of innovative didactics based on constructivistic and cognitivistic theories. The two main paradigms of such didactics consist in constructing the knowledge (and competences) of pupils (listeners, students) in an interactive narration and in using real didactic objects, preferably pulled out of a pocket. We call these concepts hyper-constructivism and neo-realism.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in perinatal women: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Mohan Suruchi , Reagu Shuja , Lindow Stephen , Alabdulla Majid
Published: April 2021

Objectives

To explore attitudes to COVID-19 vaccination among perinatal women.

Methods

A nationwide online, cross-sectional survey was conducted in Qatar from 15th October 2020 to 15th November 2020 with voluntary participation open to all adult residents. Of the respondents, the population group for this study comprised the 341 pregnant and breastfeeding participants. The survey utilized a composite questionnaire incorporating a validated instrument to measure vaccine attitudes. The responses were recorded and analysed with statistical analysis being performed with SPSS software. Outcome measures included intentions towards vaccination and potential factors influencing vaccine hesitancy (contextual factors, vaccine specific concerns and group/individual influences).

Results

Perinatal women exhibited a vaccine hesitancy rate of 25% towards COVID-19 immunisation. The main concerns of the group were of infection risks and main factor determining vaccine hesitancy was of vaccine specific safety concerns. Previous vaccine “acceptors” showed vaccine hesitancy to COVID-19 immunisation. A third of the group cited non availability of the vaccine as a concern.

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccine trials amongst pregnant and lactating women have lagged behind those for general populations and this has compounded concerns around safety in this special group. Perinatal women constitute a vulnerable group and play an important role in vaccination of wider family members. This study highlights the need for trials and data for COVID-19 vaccine in this group to be able to achieve appreciable numbers needed for herd immunity and ultimately control of the pandemic.
Recent advances on the fabrication methods of nanocomposite yarn-based strain sensor
Authors: Tang Xiaoning , Cheng Deshan , Ran Jianhua , Li Daiqi , He Chengen , Bi Shuguang , Cai Guangming , Wang Xin
Published: April 2021

Yarn-based strain sensor is an emerging candidate for the fabrication of wearable electronic devices. The intrinsic properties of yarn, such as excellent lightweight, flexibility, stitchability, and especially its highly stretchable performance, stand out the yarn-based strain sensor from conventional rigid sensors in detection of human body motions. Recent advances in conductive materials and fabrication methods of yarn-based strain sensors are well reviewed and discussed in this work. Coating techniques including dip-coating, layer by layer assemble, and chemical deposition for deposition of conductive layer on elastic filament were first introduced, and fabrication technology to incorporate conductive components into elastic matrix via melt extrusion or wet spinning was reviewed afterwards. Especially, the recent advances of core–sheath/wrapping yarn strain sensor as-fabricated by traditional spinning technique were well summarized. Finally, promising perspectives and challenges together with key points in the development of yarn strain sensors were presented for future endeavor.
Bicyclic and tricyclic phosphanes with p-block substituents
Authors: Bresien Jonas , Faust Kirill , Schulz Axel
Published: April 2021

This review summarises the experimental and structural knowledge on polycyclic phosphanes, with a focus on bicyclic and tricyclic phosphanes, as they have not only been the most studied in the last 25 years, but also show the greatest diversity in terms of constitutional isomerism and structural motifs. Moreover, only polycyclic phosphanes that have p-block substituents at all free valences are discussed.
Die Compliance-Verantwortung des Aufsichtsrats – ein Wachstumsmodell
Authors: Schockenhoff Martin , Hoffmann Silke
Published: April 2021

Abstrakt

Der Aufsichtsrat ist Überwachungsorgan, nicht Geschäftsführungsorgan. Dies gilt im Grundsatz auch für den Bereich der Compliance. Der Aufsichtsrat hat die Compliance-Tätigkeit des Vorstands zu überwachen; nur ausnahmsweise treffen ihn originäre Compliance-Pflichten. Diese im Ausgangspunkt unstrittige Aufgabenverteilung wird zunehmend durch den nationalen wie den europäischen Gesetzgeber, den Corporate Governance-Codex und auch durch Behörden und Gerichte aufgeweicht. Die Tendenz geht nicht nur dahin, die Anforderungen an die Compliance durch den Aufsichtsrat zu erhöhen, sondern auch dem Aufsichtsrat zusätzliche, teilweise originäre, Compliance-Aufgaben zuzuweisen. Die Autoren stellen diese Entwicklung und die damit verbundene Erhöhung der Verantwortung des Aufsichtsrats sowie des Sanktionsrisikos für den Aufsichtsrat und die Gesellschaft dar.
PROPOSTA DE PLANO DE GESTÃO DE PROJETO DA QUALIDADEDA EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM PRÉDIO PÚBLICO
Authors: Fernandes José Luiz , Gaspar Raísa Brandão , Fernandes Andréa Sousa da Cunha
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo trata de uma proposta de um plano de gerenciamento da qualidade em projetos aplicados a questão da eficiência energética na construção de novas edificações no setor público, com foco na eficiência energética, utilizando como estudo de caso o projeto de um prédio a ser construído numa Instituição Federal de Ensino no Rio de Janeiro. A importância da análise do desempenho energético, tem como objetivo racionalizar os recursos de energia e de contribuição para reduzir os impactos negativos da crise hídrica e de geração de energia no pais. A questão associada a obrigatoriedade legal, do foco na eficiência energética, no cumprimento em novas edificações do setor público, justifica a aplicação das boas práticas do PMI, com foco na gestão da qualidade, para assegurar a otimização do processo e um melhor desempenho dos projetos de construção.
MODERNIZAÇÃO PARA SISTEMAS DE PROPULSÃO NAVAL
Authors: Da Silva Pinheiro André Luís , Júnior Geraldo Motta Azevedo , Silva Antônio José Dias da , Pina Alberto De Queiroz
Published: April 2021

A modernização dos sistemas de propulsão naval se torna uma grande necessidade pelo fato desta prática não ser muito utilizada no país. Como consequência deste acontecimento, muitos navios acabam apenas adaptando ou mantendo seu sistema original com equipamentos obsoletos e, conforme o passar do tempo, acabam apresentando eventuais problemas durante o seu funcionamento. Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo apresentar as vantagens da substituição dos sistemas de controle de propulsão antigos por um sistema moderno, podendo com isso apresentar equipamentos mais atuais que oferecem um melhor desempenho de um sistema comparado a sistemas que utilizam equipamentos obsoletos e fora de circulação. A importância deste trabalho vem da necessidade da indústria naval brasileira se modernizar em termos tecnológicos em suas embarcações, assim podendo investir em dispositivos modernos e eficientes de monitoramento para desta forma reduzir o máximo de falhas no desempenho dos motores propulsores durante suas respectivas tarefas, assim podendo criar uma conscientização para os órgãos militares e empresas privadas dessa necessidade. A presente obra apresenta também com base na empresa SKM que executa projetos dentro do setor naval no estado do Rio de Janeiro um custo inicial do projeto de modernização de um sistema propulsor, com um investimento estimado de R$ 8.073.200,00.
God’s Property: Islam, Charity, and the Modern State
Authors: Moumtaz Nada
Published: April 2021

Up to the twentieth century, Islamic charitable endowments provided the material foundation of the Muslim world. In Lebanon, with the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the imposition of French colonial rule, many of these endowments reverted to private property circulating in the marketplace. In contemporary Beirut, however, charitable endowments have resurged as mosques, Islamic centers, and nonprofit organizations. A historical anthropology in dialogue with Islamic law, God’s Property demonstrates how these endowments have been drawn into secular logics— no longer the property of God but of the Muslim community—and shaped by the modern state and modern understandings of charity and property. Although these transformations have produced new kinds of loyalties and ways of being in society, Nada Moumtaz’s ethnography reveals the furtive persistence of endowment practices that perpetuate older ways of thinking of one’s self and one’s responsibilities to family and state.
A Proximate Remove: Queering Intimacy and Loss in The Tale of Genji
Authors: Jackson Reginald
Published: April 2021

How might queer theory transform our interpretations of medieval Japanese literature and how might this literature reorient the assumptions, priorities, and critical practices of queer theory? Through a close reading of The Tale of Genji, an eleventh-century text that depicts the lifestyles of aristocrats during the Heian period, A Proximate Remove explores this question by mapping the destabilizing aesthetic, affective, and phenomenological dimensions of experiencing intimacy and loss. The spatiotemporal fissures Reginald Jackson calls “proximate removes” suspend belief in prevailing structures. Beyond issues of sexuality, Genji queers in its reluctance to romanticize or reproduce a flawed social order. An understanding of this hesitation enhances how we engage with premodern texts and how we question contemporary disciplinary stances.
Modality Analysis on the Official Website of Indonesian Tourism
Authors: Rahmasari Shafira , Lauwren Stefanny
Published: April 2021

Tourism is believed as the primary motivation to improve the economy of a country. In order to attract some tourists to visit tourism destinations in Indonesia, The Ministry of Tourism establishes an official website to share the information regarding the tourism destinations, activities, and attractions. This study is conducted to observe how the official website of Indonesian tourism utilizes modality to present Indonesian tourism discourse. This paper analysed ten destination highlights of the website covering the areas of Medan, Raja Ampat, Bali, Banyuwangi, Bintan Island, Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Bandung, Makassar, and Lombok through Discourse Analysis approach utilizing Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics. This paper found modality is used in the forms of probability, usuality, inclination, and obligation. Those different types of modality are employed to describe three domains of tourism discourse: itineraries and access, place to play, and authenticity. It is concluded that the government uses the website to ensure the readers’ being well informed of Indonesian tourism destinations and safety during their visit to Indonesia.
Persuasion Action Strategies in Da'wah Discourse on Social Media in the Global Communication Era
Authors: Kusmanto Hari , Prayitno Harun Joko , Sofiana Isnaeni , Jamaluddin Norliza
Published: April 2021

Creative and suggest speech partners. This study aimed to identify the persuasion action strategies in da'wah discourse on social media of Instagram. The approach of this study was descriptive qualitative. The data of this study was persuasion utterances in da'wah discourse on social media. The data collection employed documentation, transcription, and listening method and was followed by note-taking techniques. The data analysis of this study used the distributional method and markup reading technique. The results of this study showed that there are eleven persuasion strategies used by Ustadz Hanan Attaki in da'wah through social media of Instagram. The eleven strategies include (1) the use of Al-Qur'an, (2) directly persuasion (3) indirectly persuasion, (4) persuasion using repetition, (5) the use of stories, (6) the use of the figure of speech, (7) the use of hope, (8) ) the use of analogy, (9) the use of Al-Hadith, (10) the use of expressiveness, and (11) the use of cause and effect. In the era of global communication, the realization of da'wah on social media can utilize persuasive language to influence speech partners so that the purpose of da'wah can be successful
Translanguaging in International Student Teaching: Narratives of Filipino Teachers in an Indonesian Setting
Authors: Prasetya Willy
Published: April 2021

Regardless of numerous studies on translanguaging, little attention has been given to its practice among pre-service teachers, particularly in the ASEAN context. To fill this gap, this article explores the experiences of three pre-service English teachers from the Philippines who were assigned to a private elementary school in Indonesia as part of a pre-service teacher exchange program. Working in a context that did not share a similar first or second language, the three teachers used English, their second language, as a lingua franca in communicating with the students. Drawing upon data from their teaching diaries, class observation, and in-depth interviews, this article reveals that using English in the classroom was challenging because English was neither the first nor the second language of their students. Three narratives from the teachers are recounted to shed some light on their use of translanguaging to bridge the communication gap. The implication of the study is also discussed.
An Analysis of Violation and Flouting Maxim on Teacher-Students Interaction in English Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Arofah Siti , Mubarok Husni
Published: April 2021

The objectives of this research are to analyze the type of violation and flouting the maxim of teacher-student interaction in the English teaching and learning process in MA Hasyim Asyâ€™ari Bangsri and also find the most frequently produced between violation and flouting of the maxim. This research used the descriptive qualitative method. The data was obtained from the conversation between the teacher and students during the teaching and learning process and analyzed by categorizing utterances based on the violation and flouting maxim theory of the Cooperative Principle. The data were collected through the observation then analyzed by using the technique which is suggested by Miles and Huberman that consists of data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion or data verification. The result of the research showed that there are four types of maxims that are violated by the teacher and students. These are the maxim of quantity 11 (50%), the maxim of quality 5 (22.73%), the maxim of relation 1 (4.54%), and the maxim of manner 5 (22.73%). The dominant violation was the maxim of quantity with 11 occurrences. Based on the findings, there are three types of flouting maxims in which the most of flouting maxim that is occurred was the maxim of relation. They are divided into 1 (14.29%) maxim of quantity, 2 (28.57%) maxim of quality, and 4 (57.14%) maxims of relation. In conclusion, the most produced between the violation and flouting was the violation of maxim with 22 (75.86%) of total occurrences. Meanwhile, the proportion of flouting maxim was 7 (24.14%).
EFL Teachers Perception toward the Use of Beyond International Textbook
Authors: Muzakky Muhammad , Albiansyah Albiansyah
Published: April 2021

This study aims to explore the teachers perception on using the beyond textbook that is from an international publisher. The study used descriptive qualitative design. The open-ended questionnaire was used to explore the teachers perception. The participants of the study were three English teachers, two of them are from SMPIT Al Muqorrobin-Depok and one is from SMPI Al Ikhlas-South Jakarta. The finding revealed that the teacher has a positive perception of the textbook. It has accordance with the requirements of the good book. The content is aligned with the Indonesia curriculum. It also involved four basic language skills as well as its language knowledge. However, the textbook has very minimal local cultural understanding and doesnt facilitate all learners cognitive level. For further research, it is suggested to have the study in Bilingual or senior school in order to find the maximum result toward the implementation of the textbook.
The Relationship between the Students English Speaking Skills and Their Closeness to English
Authors: Husna Hawa Asma Ul
Published: April 2021

Speaking English skills is a frightening thing for some English for Foreign Language Learners (EFL), including students at one of the universities in Jakarta. Even though they live and stay in Jakarta and its surroundings, which is the capital city of Indonesia with high job competition, there are still many students who have a low level of English speaking skills. This study aims to determine the relationship between English speaking skills and their closeness to English as seen from the 5 levels of students' proficiency in speaking English. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The subjects of this study were 2 classes with a total of 60 students at a university in Jakarta in the 2019-2020 school year. Researchers used tests, questionnaires, interviews, and literature studies as data collection techniques. While the data analysis technique used by researchers is using data triangulation. The results of this study indicate that the closer they are to English in their daily lives, both by frequently reading English articles, frequently watching English films, often listening to English music, the better the students' level of English speaking skills.
Gender Bias in Translation Using Google Translate: Problems and Solution
Authors: Fitria Tira Nur
Published: April 2021

This study discusses gender bias in terms of language especially from Indonesian into English translation by using Google Translate. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The result shows that most likely every language has gender-biased sides, including English because the type of society in the reality of life is more represented by men and women. In Google translate, the unequal differences between men and women translated into google translate causes the system to be considered biased and sexist towards gender. Whereas in fact, nowadays all genders can have various activities and jobs. Indonesian is also a gender-neutral language. When google translates to change into English, the sentence becomes gendered. The Indonesian language in this case seems to have been saved from being sexist because it does not associate a particular profession or activity with any gender. Unlike English, which adjusts personal pronouns based on gender. Google Translate is not always accurate, especially when translating from English to other languages. That is where Google Translate tends to go astray. The problem is that many languages have gender-based words, whereas English does not. But some words, like profession or occupation, can be masculine or feminine depending on the subject of the sentence, by assigning gender to certain adjectives and words that describe them. Equality in gender and race has been very difficult to achieve in machine technology situations because these systems are trained on existing content, and are not demographically representative. Google decided to make changes. It is important to adapt and build technology that can better serve humans. What may seem like small changes to everyday life are big steps towards gender equality. The way people speak their respective languages is one of the strongest ways of gender discrimination.
Analysis on the Structure and Purposes of Travel Blog Posts
Authors: Juliaty Hanna , Dita Agustina
Published: April 2021

Travel blogs have become a huge online platform used as a benchmark for Internet users to plan holiday itineraries, consider choices, and finalize travel-related purchase decisions. As popular travel blogs are often visited by online readers globally, there might be a shift in the purposes for writing travel blogs nowadays compared to traditional blog posts. Previous studies discussed the characteristics of blogs as a communicative platform; however, discussion on language features and blog structures used to achieve certain purposes of travel blogs is still scarce. This study, hence, aimed to evaluate the text structure and language function employed in popular travel blogs to determine their overall purposes. Eighteen posts were selected from six popular travel blogs and analyzed qualitatively by using Pascualâ€™s (2018) blog structure moves and Jakobsonâ€™s (1960) language function framework. The findings showed that the travel blog posts consisted of four moves: situational, descriptive, closure, and invitational moves and that most of the moves mainly employed referential and emotive functions. Hence, the main purposes were to provide information on travel destinations and to express the bloggersâ€™ feelings towards their travel experiences. The findings implied that the purposes of popular travel blog posts nowadays are related to the role of blogs as a source of information and the role of travel bloggers as social influencers in the online community.
Presentación
Authors: Robles Mendoza Román
Published: April 2021

Con varios meses de retraso sale la Revista de Antropología en su quinto número. Una serie de motivos, tanto de orden interno como externo, no nos han permitido aparecer en el tiempo debido. La agitada situación académica y administrativa de la Universidad de San Marcos, por los problemas derivados del proyecto vial de la Municipalidad de Lima Metropolitana que cercena más de 28,000 m2 de terreno de la Ciudad Universitaria y amenaza con destruir parte de la Huaca San Marcos, han puesto su cuota en esta larga espera. Sin embargo, estos problemas no pueden paralizar indefinidamente nuestra publicación, iniciada con mucho entusiasmo y cariño en el 2003. A pesar de los inconvenientes, aquí estamos nuevamente.
Las cortes de Cádiz y la cuestión indígena, 1808-1814
Authors: Villegas Páucar Samuel Alcides
Published: April 2021

Xavier-Guerra señala que, el primero de los acontecimientos “que marca de una manera definitiva a todo el mundo hispánico”, es la abdicación de Bayona1, cuando en 1808, Fernando VII, presionado por Napoleón, abdica la corona a favor de su padre Carlos IV, éste a su vez se lo entrega a Napoleón, quien luego termina dejándoselo a su hermano José.
Claude Lévi-strauss: En el centenario de su nacimiento
Authors: Amat Olazábal Hernán
Published: April 2021

Claude Lévi-Strauss, uno de los más brillantes pensadores franceses del siglo XX, cumplirá en noviembre próximo 100 años de existencia, asombrosamente fructífera y admirablemente lúcida. Como sucede con otros pensadores de la talla de Einstein, Darwin, Marx, Freud, Chomsky, y muchos otros autores célebres, habría que juzgar a Lévi-Strauss, en dos planos distintos: como el pensador original de primera magnitud, y como el filósofo y antropólogo fundador del estructuralismo, de la misma forma que Jean Paul Sartre fue el creador del existencialismo.
De La Habana a Veracruz y de Veracruz a la ciudad de México
Authors: Tylor Edward B.
Published: April 2021

En 1856 México recibió una visita distinguida de un personaje británico. Bueno, México apenas había surgido todavía como una república independiente –después de 300 años de existencia como colonia en el imperio español– y definitivamente no se encontraba capacitado para recibir visitas distinguidas.
¡No me da la cuenta! Estrategias económicas de las familias habaneras frente al periodo Especial
Authors: Escalante Lara Zulema
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo, en un afán por recuperar una parte de la vida cotidiana, tiene por objetivo principal analizar las estrategias económicas que han adoptado las familias cubanas a raíz de los cambios estructurales en la economía nacional, durante el Período Especial. Específicamente se intentará mostrar, a partir de tres estudios de caso, cómo la crisis derivada de la caída del bloque socialista, ha modificado sustancialmente la economía doméstica de las familias en la Ciudad de la Habana integrándolas a actividades económicas informales e ilegales mediante las cuales han logrado obtener mayores recursos.
Notas para la etnohistoria de las chacras de coca en la Gobernación de Tucumán (siglos XVI-XVII)
Authors: Gentile Margarita E.
Published: April 2021

Este ensayo trata acerca de chacras de coca cultivadas durante el Tahuantinsuyu en la región que, a partir de 1563, se llamó “gobernación de Tucumán”. Allí, durante la conquista hispana, se recogieron algunas noticias escritas acerca de la existencia de dichas chacras pero, hasta donde pudimos indagar, su existencia no llamó la atención a los autores especialistas en historia regional.
Regionalización, comunidades campesinas y desarrollo
Authors: Vegas Pozo José
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se analizan algunos problemas estructurales de la sociedad peruana contemporánea como la regionalización, Comunidades Campesinas y Desarrollo y el proceso de constitución transversal de las regiones.
Carlos Iván Degregori: antropología y poder en el Perú
Authors: Sandoval Pablo
Published: April 2021

Carlos Iván Degregori (CID) se definía como antropólogo además de intelectual de izquierda. Razón no le faltaba. Cuando se observa su trayectoria esta no deja de invitarnos a revisar el vínculo que su generación entabló entre la vida académica y el pulso del compromiso político y las dramáticas vicisitudes que ese lazo sufrió con el tiempo. Releyendo sus escritos uno se pregunta qué papel —si alguno— jugaron las Ciencias Sociales y los científicos sociales en definir los rasgos y el rumbo del país. O invirtiendo la figura, sobre el papel que ha jugado la sociedad en definir el perfil de sus científicos sociales y de los saberes que desarrollan. Me pregunto en qué medida su itinerario intelectual resultó a su vez impactado por las profundas convulsiones sociales, políticas y culturales que transformaron al Perú en la segunda mitad del siglo xx.
Conformación de la comunidad nativa Nomatsiguenga de Cubantia
Authors: Mendoza Ricardo Burneo
Published: April 2021

La estructura mínima de organización de los pueblos indígenas en el Perú son las Comunidad Campesina, para la zona andina y costera y la Comunidad Nativa, para la zona de selva. En el primer caso, este esquema de asentamiento centralizado, data de etapas preincas, mientras que para la selva es de décadas más recientes; sin embargo, ambas comparten una característica en común: su creación “formal” se dio en base a una concentración previa por motivos culturales propios, como en el caso de las comunidades de la Sierra, o por motivos culturales externos, como en el caso de la Selva. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una breve reseña histórica del proceso de concentración poblacional de las comunidades nativas de la selva, mostraron especial interés en las comunidades de la Selva Central.
Long-term dynamics of photosynthetic pigments in plankton of a large plains reservoir
Authors: Mineeva N. M.
Published: April 2021

Long-term observations are necessary to analyze and predict changes occurring in biological communities under global and regional climatic changes. The data on seasonal and long-term dynamics of chlorophyll in plankton of the Rybinsk Reservoir (Upper Volga, Russia) obtained in May – October 2009–2019 at six standard stations using the fluorescence method are presented. In the years with contrasting hydroclimatic conditions and water regime, the chlorophyll content varied from 1–3 to >100 μg/L. The significant variability of mean seasonal values (7.9 ± 0.5 μg/L in 2009 to 27.6 ± 1.7 μg/L in 2013 with variation coefficients of 52–134%) indicates the low resistance of the community. The total chlorophyll content is associated with the development of three main phytoplankton divisions i.e., diatoms, cyanoprokaryots, and green algae. The trophic status of the reservoir was characterized as mesotrophic in 2009 and 2017, eutrophic in 2011–2014, and moderately eutrophic in other years. In the long-term seasonal cycle of phytoplankton, there are five periods with stable temperature conditions and transparency, but variable chlorophyll content. A moderate positive relationship was found between the seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll and water temperature, but a moderate negative relationship with transparency. The priority factors regulating the long-term dynamics of chlorophyll include the NAO indices, Wolf numbers, temperature, and underwater light conditions, as well as the inflow volume and water level. Water regime limits the development of phytoplankton.
Geographical distribution, habitats and modern state of Carlina cirsioides (Asteraceae) populations
Authors: Melnyk V. I. , Kovalchuk I. O. , Dovhopola L. I. , Shapran Y. P.
Published: April 2021

The study of the current state and habitats of rare and threatened species of plants is a relevant task of ecological research. The paper presents the results of the study of systematic position, habitats and modern state of populations of a rare species included in the Red DataBook of Ukraine Carlina cirsioides Klokov (=C. acaulis L.). Carlina cirsioides is well-known to European phytosozologists as an endemic and relic species of the Flora of Ukraine. At the same time, the species independence of this taxon is not recognized by the authors of monographs on the Carlina genus and by the authors of “Flora Europaea”. Comparative morphological, chorological and ecological-coenotic analyses do not give sufficient reasons to consider C. cirsioides described by Klokov as a separate species, endemic and relic species of the Flora of Ukraine. According to the morphological traits, the specimens from the lowland part of Ukraine belong to the C. acaulis caulescens subspecies, which is distributed mostly in the lowlaand regions of Europe. Ecological-coenotic conditions of habitats of C. acaulis in the plains of Ukraine are different from those in the mountain regions and are close to the plains habitats of this species in Central Europe. Steppe communities of class Festuco-Brometea, of which C. acaulis is component in the plains part of Ukraine, are close to xerothermic herbaceous communities of Central Europe; forest communities of Erico-Pinetea with C. cirsioides in Ukrainian Polissia and the North-East Poland are very сlose by floristic composition. The removal of separate species status of the plains populations of C. acaulis near the eastern border of the range does not at all downplay its sozological significance. Taking into account the low number of C. acaulis in the Volhynian-Podolian Upland and in the Polesian Lowland, all localities of this species in the lowland part of the range in Ukraine must be taken under protection in situ.
Allocation of the diet of the Argentine Islands’ inshore ichthyofauna
Authors: Zinkovskyi A. V. , Dykyy I. V. , Trokhymets V. M.
Published: April 2021

Fish diets are important indicators of ecosystem change. This aspect of the ichthyofauna of the coast of the Argentine Islands has been insufficiently studied in comparison with other regions. This article presents the results of comparison of dietary and somatic parameters of the dominant species Notothenia coriiceps depending on the point, depth and season of catch. The sample was collected between February 2006 and February 2007. In the year of study, N. coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchii, Chaenocephalus aceratus (common species), Harpagifer antarcticus and Pagothenia borchgrevinki (rare species in this region) were caught. The average fish size in this region does not differ from other places in the Southern Ocean. In Cornice Channel and Stella Creek, N. coriiceps was smaller than at other points due to the narrowness and shallow depth of these places. In winter, large individuals apparently migrated from the coast. The diet of N. coriiceps consisted mainly of crustaceans and seaweeds, with a small number of mollusks (especially limpets), which are common. The number of fish in the diet of N. coriiceps is relatively low for this region. Access to food was relatively the same at different points and depths of the catch. The lowest amount of food was in the fall, the highest amount of food was in the spring and summer. The condition and hepatosomatic index also did not change depending on the point and depth of the catch, but they were low in spring and high in summer. Perhaps this is due to the low energy value of food, which is not compensated by the amount. It is necessary to conduct studies of the diet of N. coriiceps in other years to clarify the specificity of fish in the diet and phenological changes in somatic parameters. Similar studies are needed for other species in the region if catches are sufficient to collect a representative sample.
The aesthetic value of landscapes of the upland right bank area of the Dnieper River of the Kaniv Nature Reserve, Ukraine
Authors: Kupach Тetiana G. , Demianenko Svitlana O. , Arion Oksana V.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this publication is to assess the qualities of landscapes that are significant to their aesthetic value. The object of this study is the landscapes of the dislocation loess plateau Ukraine, Cherkasy region, Kaniv district, with a total area of 11.43 km2. The landscapes of this region have the potential to form expressive and diverse landscapes. Operational units of the study were homogeneous landscapes level areas and tracts with typical appearance, typical for this territory only. The choice of such a research object is explained by the natural and cultural reference of the landscapes of the Kaniv glacial dislocation site. The complexity of landscape-forming processes and the intensity of anthropogenic development of these landscapes led to the emergence of a unique highly attractive image of this territory. The methodological basis of the study, the results of which are presented in this publication, are the starting points of the concept of aesthetic landscape science about the objective factors of aesthetic attractiveness of landscapes that are revealed through a number of physiognomic and compositional parameters of landscapes. We evaluated the aesthetic qualities of the Kaniv landscapes based on a component analysis of «beauty factors». Such significant factors include land features, floral, hydrological, landscape diversity, artificial objects and more. In their sum, «beauty factors» will determine the holistic nature of the visual images of landscapes - landscapes in the perception of landscapes a human. The criteria for assessing the aesthetic qualities of landscapes, in our study, selected their metric parameters, namely: morphological indicators of relief vertical and horizontal dismemberment, aspect and slope of the surface, indicator of landscape diversity - Shannon entropy, forestry. In addition, the floristic diversity of landscapes is analyzed. The physiognomy of the vegetation improves the aspect of the landscapes. Conducting a consistent component analysis of the territory allowed us to determine objective criteria and to calculate the metric indicators of the aesthetic value of the Kaniv dislocation landscapes. The application of the unified aesthetic score scale of aesthetic value indices made it possible to calculate the integral coefficient of aesthetic value of landscapes, which is the sum of the values of the coefficients of significance of the individual metric indicators. According to the results of calculations of the integral coefficient of aesthetic value, the landscapes of the Kaniv right-bank section of the loess plateau are classified as aesthetically valuable.
Analysis of Mountain Relief for the Causes of Snow Avalanches
Authors: Rudyi Roman M. , Kyselov Yuriy O. , Domashenko Halyna T. , Kravets Olena Y. , Husar Kateryna D.
Published: April 2021

The descent of avalanches is quite a usual phenomenon for the Ukrainian Carpathians, as well as for the conditions of mountain terrain in general. The Gorgany range of the Carpathian mountains is a typical avalanche-prone territory. Avalanches cause significant damage to forestry and may lead to casualties. Therefore, descent of avalanches has for a long time been a subject of fundamental research in geomorphology, meteorology, topography, photogrammetry and GIS technologies. Using photogrammetric mapping, we analyzed the causes of the descent of one of the largest avalanches in the Ukrainian Carpathians for the past 15 years. The avalanche fell from Poliensky mountain in the Gorgany mountain range in 2006, causing destruction of a great amount of forest. The main causes of avalanches were divided into two groups, the first including more or less stable factors caused by impact of terrain and somewhat less by solar radiation and the second group comprising meteorological factors, such as prolonged snowstorms and snowfall, that is, different fluctuations in weather. The main attention was paid to the first group of factors. For this purpose, a digital terrain model (DTM) of the study area was developed, visualizing the terrain, demonstrating the studied slope of the mountain along which the avalanche slid. According to the digital model, we developed maps of the steepness andexposition of the slope. Also we calculated the coefficient for solar radiation incident on the slope and which depends on the height of the Sun above the horizon and the coordinates of the slope. Using these data, the illuminance map of the Poliensky mountain area was developed. Studies conducted using GIS technologies led to the conclusion that the determining factors that triggered the powerful avalanche from Poliensky mountain were the great steepness and length of the slope, as well as the absence of forest at the top of the mountain, i.e. at the beginning of the avalanche track.
Impacto dela COVID-19 en la salud mental de los profesionales en odontología, como personal de alto riesgo de contagio
Authors: Dávila-Torres Richard Fernando , Pacheco-Ludeña Johana Elizabeth , Dávila-Torres Gabriela Alexandra
Published: April 2021

Objetivo:se propone identificar la existencia de ansiedad en odontólogos causada por la COVID-19 en Ecuador, dentro de un período comprendido desde el 20 de mayo al 15 de junio del 2020. Métodos:se realizaron encuestas online basadas enla versión validada en español de Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS),Escala de Ansiedad de  Hamilton, compuesta por 14 ítems y dirigida a odontólogos ecuatorianos. La participación en este estudio fue de carácter anónimo y voluntario, con el fin de salvaguardar la identidad de los encuestados. Los criterios de clasificación fueron: asintomático: 0 a 7; ansiedad mínima de 8 a 13; ansiedad moderada de 14 a 21; ansiedad obvia de 22 a 29; ansiedad severa mayor de 29. Resultados:se recibió un total de 254 encuestas correctamente diligenciadas,de las cuales participaron 188 mujeres (74%) y 66 hombres (26%); la edad máxima fue 66 y la edad mínima 22 años, con una edad promedio de 34. Del total de participantes se encontraban ejerciendo la práctica privada 189 (74,4%) y pública 65 (25,6%); también, se evidenció que 92 (36%) personas si recibieron ayuda psicológica y 162 (64%) no recibieron. El valor más elevado fueel de ansiedad moderada con un total de 77 odontólogos (30%), seguido por ansiedad mínima con 64 (25%); asintomáticos, 51 (20%); ansiedad obvia, 48 (19%) y ansiedad severa, 14 (6%).Conclusiones:los odontólogos han presentado, con mayor frecuencia, estados de ansiedadmoderada como consecuencia de la COVID-19.