bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Personalized Exercise Recommendations During Rehabilitation on the Sustainability of Objectively Measured Physical Activity Levels, Fatigue, and Fatigue-Related Biomarkers in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Zimmer Philipp , Baumann Freerk T. , Oberste Max , Schmitt Joachim , Joisten Niklas , Hartig Philipp , Schenk Alexander , Kuhn Rafaela , Bloch Wilhelm , Reuss-Borst Monika
Published: June 2017

Purpose. Only one-third of patients with breast cancer reach the recommended activity level of 15 to 25 MET h/wk. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of personalized exercise recommendations during rehabilitation on patients’ physical activity level, fatigue, and self-perceived cognitive function as well as on side effect–associated biomarkers. Methods. Total metabolic rate, physical activity level, mean MET and steps, fatigue, self-perceived cognitive functioning , and biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin 6, macrophage migration inhibiting factor [MIF], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF1]) were assessed in 60 patients with breast cancer in the aftercare phase before ( t0) and 8 months after ( t1) the intervention. The rehabilitation program consisted of an initial 3-week period and a 1-week stay after 4 months. Results. Paired t-test indicated a statistically significant increase in all activity outcomes from t0 to t1. Patients’ mean activity level significantly increased from 14.89 to 17.88 MET h/wk. Fatigue and self-perceived cognitive functioning significantly improved from t0 to t1. CRP levels significantly decreased, and BDNF as well as IGF1 levels significantly increased over time. Correlation analysis revealed statistically significant negative associations between fatigue, physical activity, and markers of inflammation (TNF-α and MIF). Furthermore, significant positive correlations between subjective cognitive functioning and all dimensions of fatigue were observed. Conclusions. The results support the importance of personalized exercise recommendations to increase physical activity levels in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, the results highlighti an association between physical activity, fatigue, and inflammation.
Cities of Zion
Authors: Avery-Quinn Samuel
Published: June 2017

In the late nineteenth century, camp meeting towns were a common feature of the American landscape. The boards of Methodist ministers and laity overseeing these towns adopted management and planning strategies drawn from movements for romantic suburbs, sanitary reform, and urban parks. The strategies these Methodists adopted represent a practice of vernacular planning crafted decades before the professionalization of the discipline in the United States. Analysis of the planning history of two sites—Ocean Grove, NJ, and Round Lake, NY—reveals factors shaping this development of Methodistic town planning.
A challenging entity of endovascular embolization with ONYX for brainstem arteriovenous malformation: Experience from 13 cases
Authors: Jin Hengwei , Liu Zhan , Chang Qing , Chen Chang , Ge Huijian , Lv Xianli , Li Youxiang
Published: June 2017

Objective

Brainstem arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare lesions with a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage and are challenging to treat. We present our experience of endovascular embolization with Onyx in these aggressive lesions.

Materials and methods

Between 2007 and 2016, 13 patients with brainstem AVMs were embolized with Onyx at our center. Twelve patients presented with intracranial hemorrhage and one with headache. Retrospective examinations of patient demographics, clinical presentation, angiographic features, treatment modalities, postoperative complications and outcomes were carried out.

Results

The AVMs were in the midbrain in 10 patients (one anterior and nine posterior or dorsal), in the posterior pons in two and pontomedullary in one. Complete occlusion was achieved in three patients. Gamma knife radiosurgery was performed in six patients who were near-completely or partially embolized. Postoperative complications, including five cases of ischemia and one case of hemorrhage, resulted in four cases of neurological deterioration and two deaths. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 10 patients at a mean period of 45.2 months (range 3 to 93 months). During the follow-up, good clinical outcomes were observed in seven patients with posterior or dorsal midbrain AVMs, and one patient with a posterior pons AVM that was partially occluded died of intracranial hemorrhage.

Conclusion

Endovascular embolization for brainstem AVM with Onyx is a technical challenge and the reflux of Onyx may cause severe complications. Individualized treatment is needed based on the specific subtype of brainstem AVM.
A retinal image sharpness metric based on histogram of edge width
Authors: Lin Jia-Wen , Weng Qian , Xue Lan-Yan , Cao Xin-Rong , Yu Lun
Published: June 2017

Retinal image sharpness assessment is one of the critical requirements of automatic quality evaluation in telemedicine screening for diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, a new sharpness metric measuring the spread of edges is presented to quantify fundus image clarity. After edge detection on the region of interest of retinal image, the width of each edge is calculated and the histogram of region of interest generated. Based on the histogram, a distance-based factor is introduced to gain the weighted edge width, which is defined as the sharpness metric for the fundus image. The method was tested on Messidor dataset and a proprietary dataset. The results show that the proposed metric performs well over different image distortion levels and resolutions and is of low computational complexity. The weighted edge width value of gradable retinal image, which is irrelevant to resolution, is always within the range of 3–7 pixels.
Factors determining outcome of corrective osteotomy for malunited paediatric forearm fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Roth K. C. , Walenkamp M. M. J. , van Geenen R. C. I. , Reijman M. , Verhaar J. A. N. , Colaris J. W.
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to identify predictors of a superior functional outcome after corrective osteotomy for paediatric malunited radius and both-bone forearm fractures. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data, searching databases up to 1 October 2016. Our primary outcome was the gain in pronosupination seen after corrective osteotomy. Individual participant data of 11 cohort studies were included, concerning 71 participants with a median age of 11 years at trauma. Corrective osteotomy was performed after a median of 12 months after trauma, leading to a mean gain of 77° in pronosupination after a median follow-up of 29 months. Analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis revealed that predictors of superior functional outcome after corrective osteotomy are: an interval between trauma and corrective osteotomy of less than 1 year, an angular deformity of greater than 20° and the use of three-dimensional computer-assisted techniques.

Level of evidence: II
Ease of use of tobramycin inhalation powder compared with nebulized tobramycin and colistimethate sodium: a crossover study in cystic fibrosis patients with pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Authors: Greenwood James , Schwarz Carsten , Sommerwerck Urte , Nash Edward F , Tamm Michael , Cao Weihua , Mastoridis Paul , Debonnett Laurie , Hamed Kamal
Published: June 2017

Background:

This study assessed the ease of use of tobramycin inhalation powder (TIP) administered via T-326 inhaler versus tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) and colistimethate sodium (COLI), both administered via nebulizers, for the treatment of chronic pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Methods:

A real-world, open-label, crossover, interventional phase IV study was conducted in CF patients aged ⩾6 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) ⩾25% to ⩽90% predicted. Patients were assigned to one of the three treatment arms in Cycle 1; all patients received TIP in Cycle 2. Each cycle consisted of 28 days on and 28 days off the treatment.

Results:

A total of 60 patients [mean (standard deviation) age, 27.6 (8.4) years] were allocated to three treatment arms [TIS/TIP ( n = 14); COLI/TIP ( n = 28); TIP/TIP ( n = 18)] in Cycle 1. The mean total administration time, which included device setup and cleaning, in Cycle 1 versus Cycle 2 for TIS/TIP, COLI/TIP, and TIP/TIP arms were 37.0 versus 5.0 min, 16.4 versus 3.8 min, and 4.2 versus 3.4 min, respectively. The difference in mean total administration time was significantly shorter in Cycle 2 than in Cycle 1 for TIS/TIP ( p = 0.0112) and COLI/TIP ( p = 0.0016) arms. Overall, 12 patients were found to have contaminated devices across the two treatment cycles. In the TIP/TIP arm, no contamination of the T-326 inhaler was observed in either cycle. Treatment satisfaction, assessed by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication and ACCEPT® questionnaire, was better overall for TIP compared with TIS and COLI. There were no unexpected adverse events and most were mild or moderate in intensity.

Conclusion:

The T-326 inhaler used to deliver TIP was easy to use, required shorter total administration time, and was much less frequently contaminated than the nebulizers. The safety findings observed for TIP were generally consistent with its established safety profile.
Update on hepatitis C and implications for pregnancy
Authors: Post Jeffrey J
Published: June 2017

Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus infection occurs in a significant minority of cases and the diagnosis, treatment and cure of hepatitis C virus infection with direct acting antivirals prior to pregnancy can eliminate this risk in almost all cases. Women with hepatitis C virus infection have increased risks of adverse events in pregnancy and poor perinatal outcomes for their children, although the contribution of hepatitis C virus per se is difficult to determine. Altering the mode of delivery does not reduce mother to child transmission of hepatitis C virus infection, although avoidance of fetal scalp electrodes and other potential high risk procedures is recommended during pregnancy and delivery. Breast feeding has not been demonstrated to be a risk for mother-to-child transmission and avoidance of breast feeding is not recommended, although breast feeding with cracked or bleeding nipples is generally avoided. Safety of the currently available hepatitis C virus antivirals in pregnancy and breastfeeding has not yet been established.
The Nonverbal Communication of Positive Emotions: An Emotion Family Approach
Authors: Sauter Disa A.
Published: June 2017

This review provides an overview of the research on nonverbal expressions of positive emotions, organised into emotion families, that is, clusters sharing common characteristics. Epistemological positive emotions (amusement, relief, awe, and interest) are found to have distinct, recognisable displays via vocal or facial cues, while the agency-approach positive emotions (elation and pride) appear to be associated with recognisable visual, but not auditory, cues. Evidence is less strong for the prosocial emotions (love, compassion, gratitude, and admiration) in any modality other than touch, and there is little support for distinct recognisable signals of the savouring positive emotions (contentment, sensory pleasure, and desire). In closing, some limitations of extant work are noted and some proposals for future research are outlined.
Science Is Awe-Some: The Emotional Antecedents of Science Learning
Authors: Valdesolo Piercarlo , Shtulman Andrew , Baron Andrew S.
Published: June 2017

Scientists from Einstein to Sagan have linked emotions like awe with the motivation for scientific inquiry, but no research has tested this possibility. Theoretical and empirical work from affective science, however, suggests that awe might be unique in motivating explanation and exploration of the physical world. We synthesize theories of awe with theories of the cognitive mechanisms related to learning, and offer a generative theoretical framework that can be used to test the effect of this emotion on early science learning.
The Affective Core of Emotion: Linking Pleasure, Subjective Well-Being, and Optimal Metastability in the Brain
Authors: Kringelbach Morten L. , Berridge Kent C.
Published: June 2017

Arguably, emotion is always valenced—either pleasant or unpleasant—and dependent on the pleasure system. This system serves adaptive evolutionary functions; relying on separable wanting, liking, and learning neural mechanisms mediated by mesocorticolimbic networks driving pleasure cycles with appetitive, consummatory, and satiation phases. Liking is generated in a small set of discrete hedonic hotspots and coldspots, while wanting is linked to dopamine and to larger distributed brain networks. Breakdown of the pleasure system can lead to anhedonia and other features of affective disorders. Eudaimonia and well-being are difficult to study empirically, yet whole-brain computational models could offer novel insights (e.g., routes to eudaimonia such as caregiving of infants or music) potentially linking eudaimonia to optimal metastability in the pleasure system.
Assessment in Gifted Education: A Review of the Literature From 2005 to 2016
Authors: Cao Thuy Hong , Jung Jae Yup , Lee Jihyun
Published: June 2017

Assessment is a crucial component of gifted education. Not only does it facilitate the recognition of the potential and specific needs of gifted students, it also monitors the progress and growth of gifted students, and allows for the evaluation of gifted education programs. In the present review, we synthesize the literature on assessment in gifted education published in the period from 2005 to 2016. We suggest that gifted assessment research has witnessed notable advances, which are apparent in both the extensive range of assessment instruments/methods that now exist and the diverse ways in which assessment data are now used. Future research attention nevertheless appears to be necessary on the optimal approaches to (a) use multiple criteria in gifted identification, (b) address the disproportionate representation of disadvantaged groups in gifted programs, and (c) promote the development of guidelines for gifted program evaluation.
A Multicriteria Analysis for Prioritizing Areas for Conservation of Oaks (Fagaceae: Quercus) in Oaxaca, Southern Mexico
Authors: Ramírez-Toro Wilfrido , Torres-Miranda Andrés , González-Rodríguez Antonio , Ruiz-Sanchez Eduardo , Luna-Vega Isolda , Oyama Ken
Published: June 2017

Mexico has the fifth place among megadiverse countries, and the southern part of the country belongs to the Mesoamerican hotspot, where Oaxaca state has a very rich flora, related to its intricate topography. In this study, a multicriteria analysis (species richness, rareness, irreplaceability, turnover, and vulnerability) was used to prioritize conservation areas in Oaxaca, using as model system the genus Quercus (oaks), due to its high diversity and ecological importance. Our results indicate that the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca (SMOax) is the physiographic subprovince with the highest richness (38 species), rareness and irreplaceability of Quercus species, followed by the Montañas y Valles del Occidente (MVO; 29 species), the Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS; 25 species), and the Montañas y Valles del Centro (20 species). Areas that have retained most primary vegetation cover from 2000 to 2010 are mainly in the SMOax, in the Ixtlán district, and in the SMS, in the Miahuatlán district. On the other hand, MVO is the area with greater habitat disturbance, mainly in the Juxtlahuaca-Tlaxiaco districts. Oaxaca has numerous areas without official protection, named Indigenous Conservation and Community Areas, which play a central role as an alternative for conservation for 11 oak species. In conclusion, the priority conservation areas for the genus are mainly located in the SMOax and in the SMS. For white oaks, the semiarid area of Coixtlahuaca-Teposcolula-Nochitlán is important, while for the red oaks, the most important regions are the humid areas of Teotitlán, Sola de Vega, and Miahuatlán.
An Introduction to Social Network Analysis for Personality and Social Psychologists
Authors: Clifton Allan , Webster Gregory D.
Published: June 2017

Social network analysis (SNA) is a methodology for studying the connections and behavior of individuals within social groups. Despite its relevance to social and personality psychology, SNA has been underutilized in these fields. We first examine the paucity of SNA research in social and personality journals. Next we describe methodological decisions that must be made before collecting social network data, with benefits and drawbacks for each. We discuss common SNAs and give an overview of software available for SNA. We provide examples from the literature of SNA for both one-mode and two-mode network data. Finally, we make recommendations to researchers considering incorporating SNA into their research.
New Frontiers in Ambulatory Assessment
Authors: Timmons Adela C. , Baucom Brian R. , Han Sohyun C. , Perrone Laura , Chaspari Theodora , Narayanan Shrikanth S. , Margolin Gayla
Published: June 2017

With the increasing use of smartphone technologies and wearable biosensors, we are currently undergoing what many have termed a “data revolution,” where intensive, multichannel data are passively collected over long time frames. Such procedures are transforming the way psychologists conceptualize research and have the potential to spur important advances in the study of close relationships. This proof-of-concept study from the Couple Mobile Sensing Project, a partnership between psychologists and engineers, combines big data and ambulatory assessment methodologies to study multimodal, microprocesses in couples’ everyday lives. These data collection procedures are designed to test how characteristics of everyday behavioral, physiological, and vocal interactions are integrated within and across individuals. We present two mini-illustrations to show how these data can be synchronized across modalities and partners and can be linked to generalized relationship dimensions. Discussion highlights the potential and challenges of capturing multimodal, multiperson, real-time, naturally occurring social phenomena.
Determining Power and Sample Size for Simple and Complex Mediation Models
Authors: Schoemann Alexander M. , Boulton Aaron J. , Short Stephen D.
Published: June 2017

Mediation analyses abound in social and personality psychology. Current recommendations for assessing power and sample size in mediation models include using a Monte Carlo power analysis simulation and testing the indirect effect with a bootstrapped confidence interval. Unfortunately, these methods have rarely been adopted by researchers due to limited software options and the computational time needed. We propose a new method and convenient tools for determining sample size and power in mediation models. We demonstrate our new method through an easy-to-use application that implements the method. These developments will allow researchers to quickly and easily determine power and sample size for simple and complex mediation models.
Workers’ representation and labour conflict at company level
Authors: Pietrogiovanni Vincenzo , Iossa Andrea
Published: June 2017

This Article critically evaluates the recent trends in Italian industrial relations in order to highlight the clash between Italian constitutional principles and the autonomous development of self-regulation as for the relationship between representation, conflict and collective agreement. By conducting a comparative analysis with the Swedish model, the article argues that the constitutional principles of the Italian system of industrial relations conceive the collective agreement as a contingent element in the relationship between representation and conflict, whereas the Fiat case (2010) and the latest interconfederal agreements (2013 and 2014) place it at the centre of such a relationship. The Swedish model, instead, regards the collective agreement as a central mechanism through which the signatory trade union trades social peace with privileged rights of representation in the workplace. Through the prism of the Swedish model, the article suggests that Italian industrial relations are turning towards a restrictive system centred on the collective agreement, in which however the obligation of social peace is not exchanged with any strengthening of union representation in the workplace.
Complete atrioventricular block in acute coronary syndrome: prevalence, characterisation and implication on outcome
Authors: Aguiar Rosa Silvia , Timóteo Ana Teresa , Ferreira Lurdes , Carvalho Ramiro , Oliveira Mario , Cunha Pedro , Viveiros Monteiro André , Portugal Guilherme , Almeida Morais Luis , Daniel Pedro , Cruz Ferreira Rui
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

The aim was to characterise acute coronary syndrome patients with complete atrioventricular block and to assess the effect on outcome.

Methods:

Patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome were divided according to the presence of complete atrioventricular block: group 1, with complete atrioventricular block; group 2, without complete atrioventricular block. Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics and prognosis during one year follow-up were compared between the groups.

Results:

Among 4799 acute coronary syndrome patients admitted during the study period, 91 (1.9%) presented with complete atrioventricular block. At presentation, group 1 patients presented with lower systolic blood pressure, higher Killip class and incidence of syncope. In group 1, 86.8% presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and inferior STEMI was verified in 79.1% of patients in group 1 compared with 21.9% in group 2 ( P<0.001). Right ventricular myocardial infarction was more frequent in group 1 (3.3% vs. 0.2%; P<0.001). Among patients who underwent fibrinolysis complete atrioventricular block was observed in 7.3% in contrast to 2.5% in patients submitted to primary percutaneous coronary intervention ( P<0.001). During hospitalisation group 1 had worse outcomes, with a higher incidence of cardiogenic shock (33.0% vs. 4.5%; P<0.001), ventricular arrhythmias (17.6% vs. 3.6%; P<0.001) and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (25.3% vs. 5.1%; P<0.001). After a propensity score analysis, in a multivariate regression model, complete atrioventricular block was an independent predictor of hospital mortality (odds ratio 3.671; P=0.045). There was no significant difference in mortality at one-year follow-up between the study groups.

Conclusion:

Complete atrioventricular block conferred a worse outcome during hospitalisation, including a higher incidence of cardiogenic shock, ventricular arrhythmias and death.
Relation of subclinical serum creatinine elevation to adverse in-hospital outcomes among myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Margolis Gilad , Gal-Oz Amir , Khoury Shafik , Keren Gad , Shacham Yacov
Published: June 2017

Background:

Acute kidney injury is associated with adverse outcomes after acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It remains unclear, however, whether subclinical increase in serum creatinine that does not reach the consensus criteria for acute kidney injury is also related to adverse outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of 1897 consecutive STEMI patients between January 2008 and May 2016 who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and in whom acute kidney injury was not diagnosed throughout hospitalization. We investigated the incidence of subclinical acute kidney injury (defined as serum creatinine increase of ≥ 0.1 and < 0.3 mg/dl) and its relation to a composite end point of adverse in hospital outcomes.

Results:

Subclinical acute kidney injury was detected in 321 patients (17%). Patients with subclinical acute kidney injury had increased rate of the composite end point of adverse in-hospital events (20.3% vs. 9.7%, p<0.001), a finding which was independent of baseline renal function. Individual components of this end point (occurrence of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, need for mechanical ventilation and in-hospital mortality) were all significantly higher among patients with subclinical acute kidney injury ( p< 0.05 for all). In a multivariable regression model subclinical acute kidney injury was independently associated with higher risk for adverse in-hospital events (odds ratio 1.92.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–2.97, p=0.004).

Conclusions:

Among STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, small, subclinical elevations of serum creatinine, while not fulfilling the consensus criteria for acute kidney injury, may serve as a significant biomarker for adverse outcomes.
Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for distal and midpenile hypospadias reoperation: A single institute experience
Authors: Salih Elsayed M , Elemam Abdelbaset , Elfeky Mohamed , Abdrabuh Abdrabuh M , Galal Hussein A
Published: June 2017

Objective:

Our study aimed to evaluate our experience in tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in distal and midpenile hypospadias reoperation.

Patients and methods:

This was a retrospective study in which we reviewed the medical records of 56 patients who underwent tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in distal and midpenile hypospadias reoperation. Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty was performed using a surgical technique like the primary tubularized incised plate repair based on the Snodgrass’s method. We recorded complications and functional outcomes of redo procedures.

Results:

We reviewed 56 patients who ranged in age from 2–16 years (mean 7.02±3.8 years). The overall complication rate was 33.9% ( n=19). Eight patients (14.3%) had fistula, six had meatal stenosis (10.7%), four had dehiscence (7.1%), and one had neourethral stenosis (1.8%). The complications occurred in 13 of mid-penile cases representing 50% of mid-penile cases but occurred in six cases of distal-penile cases (20%). The success rate of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty reoperation was 94.6% after repair of fistula and meatal stenosis by simple closure of fistula and meatoplasty.

Conclusion:

Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty is a safe and effective alternative procedure for hypospadias reoperations. The outcome is favorable if the urethral plate has no scars and with distal meatal location. The complication rate increases if the third redo is done and with midpenile meatal location.
Study of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Renal Transplantation: A Prospective, Multicenter Study to Determine the Incidence of Cardiovascular Events in Renal Transplant Recipients in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Ribic Christine M. , Holland David , Howell John , Jevnikar Anthony , Kim S. Joseph , Knoll Greg , Lee Brenda , Zaltzman Jeffrey , Gangji Azim S.
Published: June 2017

Background:

Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) are at significantly higher risk for morbidity and mortality compared with the general population, largely attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Previous estimates of CVD events have come from health care databases and retrospective studies.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to prospectively determine the prevalence of risk factors and incidence of CVD events in a Canadian cohort of RTRs.

Design:

Study of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Renal Transplantation (SCORe) was a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter observational study.

Setting:

Adult RTRs were recruited from 6 participating transplant sites in Ontario, Canada.

Patients:

Eligible patients were those receiving a living or deceased donor renal transplant. Patients who received simultaneous transplant of any other organ were excluded.

Measurements:

Primary outcomes included myocardial infarction (MI) defined by American College of Cardiology (ACC-MI) criteria, and major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as cardiovascular (CV) death, ACC-MI, coronary revascularization, and nonhemorrhagic stroke. CV events were adjudicated by a single, independent cardiologist.

Methods:

CV and transplant-specific risk factors that predict MACE and ACC-MI were identified by stepwise regression analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

A total of 1303 patients enrolled across 6 transplant centers were followed for 4.5 ± 1.6 years (mean ± SD). Incidence of MACE was 7.0%, with significant independent predictors/risk factors including age, diabetes, coronary revascularization, nonhemorrhagic stroke, and renal replacement therapy (RRT). ACC-MI incidence was 4.0%, with significant independent predictors/risk factors including age, coronary revascularization, and duration of RRT in excess of the median value (2.91 years).

Limitations:

Patients were recruited from a single province, so may not reflect the experience of RTRs in other areas of Canada.

Conclusions:

Using a prospective design and rigorous methodology, this study found that the incidence of CV events after renal transplantation was elevated relative to the general Canadian population and was comparable with that reported in patient registries, thus helping validate the utility of retrospective analysis in this field. SCORe highlights the importance of monitoring RTRs for traditional cardiac and transplant-specific CV risk factors to help prevent CV morbidity and mortality. Further research is needed to investigate a broader range of potential risk factors and their combined effects on incident CV events.
Influence of Physical Self-Concept in Drug Use in Adolescent Students Athletes
Authors: Usán Pablo , Salavera Carlos
Published: June 2017

Drug use in Spain is one of the most serious problems faced by society today, and is particularly relevant in adolescence. Practicing physical sport activity is considered one of the most representative habits of a healthy lifestyle, and can act as a preventive factor in drug use. The physical self-concept of the people who practice sport plays a key role in drug adherence. This study aims to analyze the relation and influence of physical self-concept in drug, tobacco, and cannabis use in a sample of 682 adolescent athletes ( M = 15.85; SD = 1.404). The results suggest significant influences on the competition perceived in different drug uses. Some practical implications can be deduced for coaches and instructors to bear in mind for their athletes, who aim to acquire a more adaptive and self-determined behavior away from drug use.
Predictive value of Pirani scoring system for tenotomy in the management of idiopathic clubfoot
Authors: David Badmus Hakeem , Olayinka O Adegbehingbe , Oluwadare Esan , Ayodele Orimolade E , Joseph O Mejabi , Olujide Arije
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

To determine the predictive value of the Pirani scoring system in the need for tenotomy using the Ponseti method for management of idiopathic clubfoot.

Method:

This is a prospective observational study involving patients less than 2 years of age with idiopathic clubfoot. The consenting parents and institution ethical board approved the study. The relationship between Pirani scores and the need for tenotomy was evaluated using the independent t-test and the binary logistic regression to predict the need for tenotomy. Pearson’s r and Cohen’s κ were used to measure correlation and agreement, respectively, between the predicted and observed values. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to interpret sensitivity and specificity levels as well as to obtain a cutoff score for predicting the requirement for tenotomy.

Results:

Eighty-four clubfeet from 50 patients were studied. Thirty-eight feet (45%) had percutaneous tenotomy. The initial total Pirani and hindfoot scores were found to predict the need for tenotomy with the model for prediction being able to predict correctly in 72.6% and 75% of the time, respectively. A higher Pirani score was associated with higher odds of requiring tenotomy (OR = 4.402, p < 0.001) and total Pirani score above the cutoff point of 4.75 predicted the need for tenotomy.

Conclusion:

The indication for tenotomy appears to be well predicted using the Pirani scoring system with the odds of requiring a tenotomy increasing by more than fourfold for every unit increase in Pirani score.
Does Neuroticism Influence Oral Health–Related QOL in Patients with Removable Partial Dentures?
Authors: Ishida K. , Nogawa T. , Takayama Y. , Saito M. , Yokoyama A.
Published: June 2017

This prospective cohort study investigated the relationship between patient neuroticism and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) before and after prosthetic treatment as well as changes in OHRQoL—namely, treatment efficacy. Sixty-three patients (23 men and 40 women; mean age 67.2 ± 8.6 years), who were scheduled to receive new removable partial dentures (RPDs), were recruited. OHRQoL was assessed using the Japanese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J). The Japanese version of the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) was used to assess neuroticism. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the association between neuroticism and OHIP-J scores before and after treatment. After stratifying patients according to neuroticism score, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intragroup comparison of OHIP-J scores before and after treatment. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was used to determine the impact of covariates on treatment efficacy such as age, sex, Eichner classification, neuroticism, changes in maximal occlusal force, and OHIP-J scores before treatment. Statistical analyses showed that higher neuroticism scores were associated with higher total OHIP-J scores before treatment ( r = 0.41, P = 0.001) but were not associated with OHIP-J scores after treatment ( r = 0.07, P = 0.566). When the effect of all independent variables was analyzed in multivariate analysis, neuroticism and OHIP-J scores before treatment affected treatment efficacy. These results suggest that OHRQoL of patients with higher levels of neuroticism was low before prosthetic treatment but significantly improved by oral rehabilitation with RPDs to the same level as patients with lower levels of neuroticism.

Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study may change the clinical perception of the effect of prosthetic rehabilitation with removable partial dentures in patients with higher levels of neuroticism. The study concluded that prosthetic rehabilitation could contribute toward satisfaction even in neurotic patients, who are presumed to show less satisfaction with their oral status.
Object play in infants with autism spectrum disorder: A longitudinal retrospective video analysis
Authors: Wilson Kaitlyn P , Carter Mary W , Wiener Heather L , DeRamus Margaret L , Bulluck John C , Watson Linda R , Crais Elizabeth R , Baranek Grace T
Published: June 2017

Background and aims

Early play behaviors may provide important information regarding later-diagnosed developmental delays. Play behaviors of young children with autism spectrum disorder are restricted in diversity, frequency, and complexity. Most autism spectrum disorder research focuses on play in children over 18 months of age. This study examined three groups of infants (later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, later diagnosed with other developmental disorders, and typically developing) with the aims of: (1) describing the play behaviors of the three groups of infants at two time points (9–12 months and 15–18 months); (2) examining group differences in four hierarchical levels of play at both time points; (3) comparing groups with respect to the highest level of play achieved; and (4) determining if the highest level of play achieved by infants with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental delays correlated with later developmental outcomes.

Methods

The current study used longitudinal retrospective video analysis to examine object play behaviors of the three groups of infants (total n = 92) at two time points (time 1: 9–12 months of age, and time 2: 15–18 months of age). Coding of play behaviors was based on existing literature and distribution of data from the current study. Developmental outcomes examined were measured using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and a non-verbal developmental quotient calculated using visual reception scores from the Mullen Scales for Early Learning.

Results

Results indicate group differences in play, with infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder showing significantly less sophisticated play than those with typical development. In addition, modest but significant correlations were found between highest level of play achieved at time 1 (9–12 months) and time 2 (15–18 months) and later outcomes for the autism spectrum disorder group.

Conclusions and implications

Results suggest that examination of infant play behaviors is important for early screening and intervention planning to potentially mitigate effects on later developmental outcomes.
Location of intracerebral haemorrhage predicts haematoma expansion
Authors: Yogendrakumar Vignan , Demchuk Andrew M , Aviv Richard I , Rodriguez-Luna David , Molina Carlos A , Blas Yolanda S , Dzialowski Imanuel , Kobayashi Adam , Boulanger Jean-Martin , Lum Cheemun , Gubitz Gord , Padma Vasantha , Roy Jayanta , Kase Carlos S. , Bhatia Rohit , Hill Michael D , Dowlatshahi Dar
Published: June 2017

Introduction

The role of intracerebral haemorrhage location in haematoma expansion remains unclear. Our objective was to assess the effect of lobar versus non-lobar haemorrhage on haematoma expansion and clinical outcome.

Patients and methods

We analysed data from the prospective PREDICT study where patients with intracerebral haemorrhage presenting to hospital under 6 h of symptom onset received baseline computed tomography (CT), CT angiogram, 24 h follow-up CT, and 90-day mRS. Intracerebral haemorrhage location was categorised as lobar versus non-lobar, and primary outcomes were significant haematoma expansion (>6 ml) and poor clinical outcome (mRS > 3). Multivariable regression was used to adjust for relevant covariates. The primary analysis population was divided by spot sign status and the effect of haemorrhage location was compared to haematoma expansion in exploratory post hoc analysis.

Results

Among 302 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, lobar haemorrhage was associated with increased haematoma expansion >6 ml (p = 0.003), poor clinical outcome (p = 0.011) and mortality (p = 0.017). When adjusted for covariates, lobar haemorrhage independently predicted significant haematoma expansion (aOR 2.2 (95% CI: 1.1–4.3), p = 0.021) and poor clinical outcome (aOR 2.6 (95% CI: 1.2–5.6), p = 0.019). Post hoc analysis showed that patients who were spot sign negative had a higher degree of haematoma expansion with baseline lobar haemorrhage (lobar 26% versus deep 11%; p = 0.01). No significant associations were observed in spot-positive patients (lobar 52% versus deep 47%; p = 0.69).

Discussion and Conclusion

Haematoma expansion is more likely to occur with lobar intracerebral haemorrhage and haemorrhage location is associated with poor clinical outcome. As expansion is a promising therapeutic target, hemorrhage location may be helpful for prognostication and as a selection tool in future ICH clinical trials.
Why I Stopped Watching Porn
Authors: Gavrieli Ran
Published: June 2017

This text* is not a theoretical one; it is a result of four and a half years of serving aid to women, girls and boys in prostitution on the streets of Tel Aviv. The effort here is to connect the dots between human trafficking, prostitution and porno-graphy, and see how they are steeped in gender inequality and common tolerant notions that need deconstruction. The article is not an indictment but an invitation to take action, and especially looks at how pornography and prostitution construct sexuality, kill imagination and perpetuate abuse.
Androgen Receptor Expression in Primary Nonsquamous Cell Rare‐Variant Carcinomas of the Head and Neck
Authors: Rahimi Siavash , Bradley Katherine L. , Akaev Iolia , Marani Carla , Yeoh Chit Cheng , Brennan Peter A.
Published: June 2017

Objective

Androgen receptor (AR) is a diagnostic immunohistochemical marker for salivary gland duct carcinoma (SDC), but other nonsquamous cell head and neck carcinomas (NSCCs) may also express it. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of AR in rare head and neck NSCCs.

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of histologic records.

Setting

A large community hospital.

Subjects and Methods

Twenty‐seven patients with NSCC were selected (21 men, 6 women; average age, 69 years). Exclusion criteria were histologically confirmed primary and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and thyroid carcinomas. AR immunohistochemistry was done on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue blocks.

Results

Variable AR expression was found in 5 of 27 (25%) cases of NSCC. All 7 patients with SDC showed intense and extensive positive immunoreactivity. Of 27 NSCC tumors, 15 (56%) had negative staining.

Conclusion

In the head and neck, expression of AR is not limited to SDCs; other NSCCs also express it. When surgery or radiotherapy is not appropriate for recurrent or metastatic head and neck NSCC, palliative chemotherapy offers poor results. Antiandrogen therapy is well tolerated and is much less toxic than chemotherapy. Since androgen deprivation therapy has been used against SDCs, this therapy may theoretically be used in a small subset of head and neck NSCCs.
JAK1/2 and BCL2 inhibitors synergize to counteract bone marrow stromal cell–induced protection of AML
Authors: Karjalainen Riikka , Pemovska Tea , Popa Mihaela , Liu Minxia , Javarappa Komal K. , Majumder Muntasir M. , Yadav Bhagwan , Tamborero David , Tang Jing , Bychkov Dmitrii , Kontro Mika , Parsons Alun , Suvela Minna , Mayoral Safont Mireia , Porkka Kimmo , Aittokallio Tero , Kallioniemi Olli , McCormack Emmet , Gjertsen Bjørn T. , Wennerberg Krister , Knowles Jonathan , Heckman Caroline A.
Published: June 2017

Key Points

BM stroma-derived conditions protect AML patient cells against topoisomerase II and BCL2 inhibitors, as well as several classes of TKIs. JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib reverses cytoprotection against BCL2 antagonist venetoclax, suggesting a novel combinatorial treatment.
ZFP521 regulates murine hematopoietic stem cell function and facilitates MLL-AF9 leukemogenesis in mouse and human cells
Authors: Garrison Brian S. , Rybak Adrian P. , Beerman Isabel , Heesters Balthasar , Mercier Francois E. , Scadden David T. , Bryder David , Baron Roland , Rossi Derrick J.
Published: June 2017

Key Points

ZFP521 regulates HSC self-renewal and differentiation. ZFP521 facilitates leukemogenesis in an MLL-AF9–mediated leukemia model.
Novel SF3B1 in-frame deletions result in aberrant RNA splicing in CLL patients
Authors: Agrawal Anant A. , Seiler Michael , Brinton Lindsey T. , Mantel Rose , Lapalombella Rosa , Woyach Jennifer A. , Johnson Amy J. , Zhu Ping , Warmuth Markus , Yu Lihua , Byrd John C. , Smith Peter G. , Blachly James S. , Buonamici Silvia
Published: June 2017

Key Points

We identify and characterize novel SF3B1 in-frame deletions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These deletions are functionally similar to well-known SF3B1 hotspot mutations and are sensitive to splicing modulation.
Rear-screen and kinesthetic vision 3D manipulator
Authors: Yang Chao-Chung , Kang Shih-Chung Jessy , Yang Hsiang-Wen , Wu Tzong-Hann
Published: June 2017

Background

The effective 3D manipulation, comprehension, and control of 3D objects on computers are well-established lasting problems, which include a display aspect, a control aspect, and a spatial coupling between control input and visual output aspect, which is a debatable issue. Most existing control interfaces are located in front of the display. This requires users to imagine that manipulated objects that are actually behind the display exist in front of the display.

Methods

In this research, a Rear-Screen and Kinesthetic Vision 3D Manipulator is proposed for manipulating models on laptops. In contrast to the front-screen setup of a motion controller, it tracks a user’s hand motion behind screens, coupling the actual interactive space with the perceived visual space. In addition, Kinesthetic Vision provides a dynamic perspective of objects according to a user’s sight, by tracking the position of their head, in order to obtain depth perception using the “motion parallax” effect.

Results

To evaluate the performance of “rear-screen interaction” and Kinesthetic Vision, an experiment was conducted to compare the front-screen setup, the rear-screen setup with Kinesthetic Vision, and the rear-screen setup without it. Subjects were asked to grasp and move a cube from a fixed starting location to a target location in each trial. There were 20 designated target locations scattered in the interactive space. The moving time and distance were recorded during experiments. In each setup, subjects were asked to go through five trial blocks, including 20 trials in each block. The results show that there are significant differences in the moving efficiency by repeated measures ANOVA.

Conclusion

The Rear-Screen and Kinesthetic Vision setup gives rise to better performance, especially in the depth direction of movements, where path length is reduced by 24%.
Transmission of a novel sonotubometry acoustic click stimulus in healthy and patulous eustachian tube subjects: A retrospective case -control study
Authors: Pyne Justin M. , Amoako-Tuffour Yaw , Earle Guy , McIntyre Graham , Butler Michael B. , Bance Manohar
Published: June 2017

Background

Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction can be very difficult to diagnose accurately. Our aim is to determine whether a newly developed sonotubometric test using clicks can reliably detect ET opening during swallowing in normal ET subjects, and patulous ET (PET) in subjects with ET dysfunction.

Methods

Sixteen subjects (19 normal ET ears and 6 PET ears) were individually placed in a sound-isolated audiometry booth and subjected to a 1000Hz click train stimulus, played through the nose. PET subjects were identified through the ET clinic at our institution, while healthy subjects were recruited. Transmission through the ET was recorded by a microphone in the ear ipsilateral to the presenting nostril, during no swallow and swallow states, and this was used to compute a power ratio (power in the frequency range of interest to the whole frequency range). The power transmission ratio both before and after the swallow was averaged, and represented the baseline (BaseR). The power transmission ratio during swallow represented the peak (PeakR). The same process was repeated in the absence of a stimulus to account for swallowing noise. Wilcoxon rank rum tests were performed to determine statistical significance.

Results

It was found that for healthy ET patients, the median difference between the PeakR and BaseR was 0.51 ( p = 0.004). For the PET patients in this study, the median difference between the PeakR and the BaseR was 3.30 ( p = 0.041). Comparing the baseline between groups revealed that PET patients had a median BaseR 1.05 higher than healthy ET patients. PET patients had a median PeakR of 3.84 higher than healthy ET patients. Both were deemed to be statistically significant ( p = 0.003, p = 0.003 respectively). A significant difference was found between median PeakR for the stimulus and no-stimulus condition for the healthy ET group (0.59, p < 0.001) and for the PET group (4.39, p = 0.031), indicating that it was unlikely that swallowing noise caused false positive results.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that a novel click stimulus is capable of detecting ET opening during swallowing in healthy patients as well as highlighting PET in diseased subjects.