bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Analisis Kebijakan Publik bagi Aparatur Desa di Desa Sidomakmur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat
Authors: Sulistio Eko Budi , Fadoli M. Irsyad , Sumanjoyo Simon , Apandi Apandi , Mulyana Nana
Published: October 2024

Salah satu unsur penting yang harus dimiliki agar desa dapat menjalankan fungsi pemerintahan dan menjaga eksistensi desa adalah dengan mengatur kehidupan masyarakat desa melalui kebijakan publik. Namun aparatur desa khususnya kepala desa dan Badan Permusyawaratan Desa Sidomakmur masih memiliki kompetensi yang rendah dalam merumuskan kebijakan publik. Oleh karena itu pelatihan ini berusaha memberikan pengetahuan dan pendampingan mengenai analisis kebijakan publik bagi aparatur Desa Sidomakmur. Metode pelatihan ini adalah pendampingan dengan memberikan materi dan diskusi. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa semua peserta pelatihan mendapat nilai yang signifikan tentang pemahamannya mengenai kebijakan publik. Dengan demikian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan, pemahaman dan kompetensi peserta pelatihan analisis kebijakan publik telah mengalami perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Web Desaku Melalui Transformasi Digital
Authors: Wirman Aditya , Yunita Alpia Salwa , Herald Wahyudhi , Saputro Wahyu Catur , Maryesti Anita Agustina Bonisau Maryesti Anita Agustina , Pasaribu Kiki Adelia , Fadilah Riyan , Surya M. Bima Annasta , Pahlawan Gusti Rama , Ginting Arwanto Harimas
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini membahas mengenai upaya optimalisasi platform web desaku melaluitransformasi digital di pemerintahan desa. Platform web desaku Desa Cikumpayini terdiri dari profil desa, e-commerce dan berita harian desa yang perlu dioptimalisasi kan pengaplikasian nya agar berguna bagi pemerintah desa sebagaialat untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan pemerintahan Desa Cikumpay, begitujuga bagi masyarakat desa yang mendapatkan kemudahan dalam mendapatkaninformasi desa.Hasil Penelitian yang dilakukan penulis menunjukkan web desakuini telah diketahui keberadaannya namun penggunaannya belum dimaksimalkanoleh perangkat desa dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman mengenai cara mengisiplatfom yang ada di dalamnya dan juga data yang tidak lengkap. Rendahnyakualitas sumber daya manusia perangkat desa ini merupakan tantangan utamayang harus dihadapi oleh penulis dalam melakukan optimalisasi penggunaan webdesaku. Dengan demikian artikel ini berupaya untuk memecah permasalahanyang dihadapi oleh perangkat desa melalui kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh penulismulai dari pemetaan pemahaman perangkat desa, kegiatan wawancara danbrainstorming serta kegiatan bimbingan pengisian platfom web desaku. Implikasidari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai panduan untuk pengembangan lebihlanjut dalam mengintegrasikan digitalisasi dalam pengelolaan pemerintah desa
Deradikalisasi bagi Generasi Muda Bandar Lampung Sebagai Antisipasi Perkembangan Radikalisme di Media Sosial
Authors: Karisma Gita , Rachmawati Tety , Inayah Astiwi
Published: October 2024

Kemudahan mengakses informasi melalui media sosial menjadi tantangan bagi generasi muda. Salah satu nilai yang mudah diakses di media sosial adalah nilai radikalisme. Radikalisme merupakan suatu sikap yang menginginkan perubahan secara fundamental melalui cara-cara kekerasan. Nilai-nilai radikalisme yang sering disebarkan melalui media sosial dapat dengan mudah diakses oleh generasi muda ini. Media sosial dijadikan sebagai tempat penyaluran ide dan media rekrutmen bagi para pelaku radikalisme. Dalam bentuk yang ekstrem, radikalisme dapat menyebabkan lahirnya terorisme. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mencegah berkembangnya radikalisme, khususnya di media sosial, melalui deradikalisasi dengan target peserta adalah generasi muda. Metode pengabdian dilakukan melalui sosialisasi yang terdiri dari ceramah, diskusi, dan permainan, dengan materi tip deteksi radikalisasi dan deradikalisasi melalui kontra konten radikalisme di media sosial. Kegiatan ditutup dengan melakukan permainan yang bertema “Cinta Tanah Air”. Peserta kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah generasi muda dari berbagai organisasi kemahasiswaan yang berlokasi di Bandar Lampung seperti Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan (HMJ), Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam (HMI), Forum Studi Pengembangan Islam (FSPI), Ikatan Mahasiswa Muhammadiyah (IMM), Association Internationale Des Étudiants en Sciences Économiques et Commerciales (AISEC), UIN Raden Intan, Pusat Informasi dan Konseling Remaja (PIK-R), dan Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa (BEM) Unila. Pengabdian ini telah mendorong peserta kegiatan untuk mampu menjelaskan konten radikalisme dan deradikalisasi melalui kontra konten sebagai upaya pencegahan radikalisme. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil post-test yang menunjukkan 92% peserta memahami dan dapat menjelaskan contoh konten kontra radikalisme di media sosial.
Sekolah Kepemimpinan Aparatur Desa Perempuan pada Desa Cikumpay, Kabupaten Purwakarta
Authors: Reza Izzul Fatchu , Rahmawati Auli , Istania Ratri
Published: October 2024

Kabupaten Purwakarta menghargai keberagaman gender dengan kehadiran bupati perempuan dan sepuluh orang kepala desa perempuan. Namun, kompetensi dan kecakapan memimpin belum merata dimiliki oleh seluruh kepada desa perempuan di Kabupaten Purwakarta. Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran tentang arti penting pemimpin perempuan pada tingkat pemerintahan desa. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan pendekatan audienced centered simulation bagi para aparatur desa di Desa Cikumpay yang dipimpin oleh seorang kepala desa perempuan. Setelah pelaksanaan, Masyarakat menyatakan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat sangat bermanfaat (77,8%) dan cukup bermanfaat (22,2%). Selain itu, perempuan supaya diberi kesempatan untuk memiliki ruang berkarya dan tampil di kantor instansi publik, termasuk menjadi pemimpin.
Variability of plant transcriptomic responses under stress acclimation: a review from high throughput studies
Authors: Rurek Michał , Smolibowski Mikołaj
Published: October 2024

Plant transcriptomes are complex entities shaped spatially and temporally by a multitude of stressors. The aim of this review was to summarize the most relevant transcriptomic responses to selected abiotic (UV radiation, chemical compounds, drought, suboptimal temperature) and biotic (bacteria, fungi, viruses, viroids) stress conditions in a variety of plant species, including model species, crops, and medicinal plants. Selected basic and applicative studies employing RNA-seq from various sequencing platforms and single-cell RNA-seq were involved. The transcriptomic responsiveness of various plant species and the diversity of affected gene families were discussed. Under stress acclimation, plant transcriptomes respond particularly dynamically. Stress response involved both distinct, but also similar gene families, depending on the species, tissue, and the quality and dosage of the stressor. We also noted the over-representation of transcriptomic data for some plant organs. Studies on plant transcriptomes allow for a better understanding of response strategies to environmental conditions. Functional analyses reveal the multitude of stress-affected genes as well as acclimatory mechanisms and suggest metabolome diversity, particularly among medicinal species. Extensive characterization of transcriptomic responses to stress would result in the development of new cultivars that would cope with stress more efficiently. These actions would include modern methodological tools, including advanced genetic engineering, as well as gene editing, especially for the expression of selected stress proteins in planta and for metabolic modifications that allow more efficient synthesis of secondary metabolites.
Experimental models of antibiotic exposure and atopic disease
Authors: Donald Katherine , Finlay B. Brett
Published: October 2024

In addition to numerous clinical studies, research using experimental models have contributed extensive evidence to the link between antibiotic exposure and atopic disease. A number of mouse models of allergy have been developed and used to uncover the specific effects of various microbiota members and perturbations on allergy development. Studies in mice that lack microbes entirely have also demonstrated the various components of the immune system that require microbial exposure. The importance of the early-life period and the mechanisms by which atopy “protective” species identified in human cohorts promote immune development have been elucidated in mice. Finally, non-animal models involving human-derived cells shed light on specific effects of bacteria on human epithelial and immune responses. When considered alongside clinical cohort studies, experimental model systems have provided crucial evidence for the link between the neonatal gut microbiota and allergic disease, immensely supporting the stewardship of antibiotic administration in infants. The following review aims to describe the range of experimental models used for studying factors that affect the relationship between the gut microbiota and allergic disease and summarize key findings that have come from research in animal and in vitro models.
An update on ox-LDL-inducing vascular smooth muscle cell-derived foam cells in atherosclerosis
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Du Laijing
Published: October 2024

Excess cholesterol accumulation induces the accumulation of foam cells, eventually accelerating atherosclerosis progress. Historically, the mechanisms of macrophage-derived foam cells have attracted attention because of their central role in plaque development, which was challenged by lineage tracing in union with single-cell sequencing (sc-seq). Accumulated studies have uncovered how vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferate and migrate to the vascular intima and accumulate, then transform into foam cells induced by surplus lipids, finally accounting for 30% to 70% of the total foam cells within the plaque of both mice and humans. Therefore, the mechanisms of VSMC-derived foam cells have received increasing attention. The review intends to summarize the transformation mechanism of VSMCs into foam cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) in atherosclerosis.
Physiological characteristics of blood pressure responses after combined exercise in elderly hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhiheng , LV Moran , Li Zhen , Gao Wei , Li Ming
Published: October 2024

Objective

The aim of this investigation is to explore the efficacy of combined exercise in elderly patients with hypertension. Moreover, we aim to delve into the underlying mechanisms governing blood pressure regulation, with the objective of promoting the adoption of this exercise regimen among elderly hypertensive individuals.

Methods

In our study, we conducted a thorough search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus. This extensive search resulted in the preliminary screening of 2,347 articles. Among these, 9 studies were carefully selected for an in-depth analysis. For our meta-analysis, we employed Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.0, enabling us to perform detailed subgroup analyses and assess the possibility of publication bias.

Results

In comparison to the control group (n = 194), individuals enrolled in the combined exercise group (n = 200) exhibited a notable decrease in both resting systolic blood pressure (SBP) [weighted mean difference (WMD) = −11.17 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−17.13, −5.22), Z = 3.68, P < 0.05] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [WMD = −5.93 mm Hg, 95% CI (−9.24, −2.61), Z = 3.51, P < 0.05]. Nonetheless, no statistically significant alteration was observed in pulse pressure (PP) [WMD = −9.05 mm Hg, 95% CI (−22.65, 4.55), Z = 1.3, P = 0.192]. Further subgroup analyses elucidated that combined exercise regimens, characterized by aerobic training intensities below 85% of HRmax, durations of up to 12 weeks, weekly frequencies of either ≥3 or <3 sessions, total session times under 60 min, and a sequence of aerobic exercise followed by resistance training (AE-RT), were particularly effective in enhancing SBP and DBP among elderly patients with hypertension. Additionally, regular engagement in combined exercise led to significant improvements in SBP and DBP across individuals aged 60–70, those older than 70 years, and regardless of whether participants were using antihypertensive medications or not.

Conclusion

Combined exercise serves as an efficacious adjunctive therapy for reducing blood pressure among elderly individuals with hypertension, exerting beneficial influences on multiple physiological mechanisms pertinent to blood pressure regulation. Moreover, the integration of aerobic exercise with resistance training presents a more varied training program, thereby eliciting wider-ranging positive effects on both the physical and mental well-being of elderly patients afflicted with hypertension.
Evaluation of the spatial responses in vegetation phenology to drought and the analysis of their driving factors in China
Authors: Ding Haifeng , Ge Wenyan , Wang Cuicui , Li Xiuxia
Published: October 2024

The warming and drying trend accompanying climate change challenges global ecosystem stability. Vegetation phenology, which can serve as a sensitive indicator of climate change, is crucial in understanding ecosystem carbon cycling and climate-carbon cycle feedback. Therefore, assessing the phenological responses to drought is essential for addressing climate change. In this study, vegetation phenology data [including the start and end of season (SOS, EOS) and length of growing season (LOS)] and the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) were employed to analyze the impacts of drought on plant phenology in China by maximum Pearson correlation coefficients and partial least squares regression. The findings showed that drought significantly affected the timing of phenology, delaying senescence in approximately 62% of China and extending the growing season in about 53% of the country, indicating the critical role of water availability in vegetation biomass. Preseason nocturnal warming was found to advance SOS, delay EOS, and extend LOS across China, with significant effects observed in approximately 60% of the country. Meanwhile, daytime warming delayed SOS, delayed EOS and extended LOS in 50∼60% of the regions. Moreover, preseason precipitation is conducive to advanced SOS, delayed EOS and extended LOS in northern China and areas susceptible to drought. It is suggested that vegetation management should be strengthened to mitigate the impact of climate change in temperate and drought-prone regions in China since climate warming will lead to frequent droughts.
Strategies for effective CBL implementation: from company selection to course evaluation
Authors: Vasquez-Lopez Virgilio , Millan-Ramos Moises , Maldonado-Carrillo Refugio
Published: October 2024

In this study, we explore the key factors that educators must consider when designing challenges based on the Challenge-Based Learning (CBL) strategy, where the industrial sector serves as the educational partner. Building on our proposed definition of the CBL technique, we outline a methodology complete with practical suggestions to effectively tackle the challenges encountered during the strategy’s implementation. The recommended steps involve choosing a training partner, establishing the company’s role in the challenge, taking economic factors into account, and pinpointing crucial milestones in the course development, which includes recognizing the partner’s involvement and significance in the course evaluation. Our proposal draws from the authors’ experiences in applying this methodology within the context of an Industrial Automation course.
Research trends in the use of artificial intelligence in higher education
Authors: Akhmadieva Roza Sh. , Kalmazova Nadezhda A. , Belova Tatyana , Prokopyev Alexey , Molodozhnikova Natalia M. , Spichak Valentina Yu
Published: October 2024

The latest technological advancements have greatly interested researchers in artificial intelligence (AI) in education. In parallel, researchers have expressed concern about using and applying AI in education. However, there is a shortage of research that comprehensively and holistically examines trends in the use of AI in higher education. Hence, this study aimed to comprehensively analyze and assess AI research trends in higher education. In the SCOPUS database, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of 1,563 articles on research on AI in education. Our results revealed that the use of AI in education has increased dramatically from 2004 to 2023. In particular, a dramatic increase and peak exist after 2019. We also found limited interaction among scholars studying AI. Furthermore, our findings indicate that most of the most influential institutions are located in developed countries. Moreover, our findings demonstrated that AI research primarily concentrated on comprehending the impact of AI-based instruction, with the majority of these studies taking place in engineering education between 2017 and 2020. We also noticed that research on medical education in higher education occurred between 2015 and 2017. In addition, before 2015, research used AI in medical education as a teaching method to implement problem-based learning in higher education.
Relative burden of cancer and noncancer mortality among long-term survivors of differentiated thyroid cancer in the US
Authors: Shi Yang , Lv Chengzhou , Liu Pai , Zheng Yuenan , Zhang Hao , Dong Wenwu , Zhang Ping
Published: October 2024

Background

Limited information is available regarding the relative risks of cancer-specific mortality and noncancer-specific mortality among long-term survivors with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Methods

In this retrospective study, nationwide data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1992-2020) were utilized. The Accelerated Failure Time Model was applied to calculate Survival Time Ratios (TR), with the primary focus on mortality resulting from DTC. The competing risks model was employed to investigate the relative risks of various outcomes in DTC patients with a survival duration of 5 years or more.

Results

In our cohort, 279 patients succumbed to DTC, while 748 died from other diseases. Notably, in DTC cohorts, noncancer-specific mortality rates were consistently higher than DTC-specific mortality rates across different age groups and genders. The risk of DTC and noncancer-specific mortality varied based on the TNM stage. With more advanced disease stages, the risk of DTC and other cancer-specific mortality gradually increased. The cumulative mortality from other cancer-specific causes was consistently the lowest.

Conclusions

In long-term surviving DTC patients, noncancer-specific mortality outweighed DTC-specific mortality irrespective of age and gender. For stage I and II patients, increased attention should be directed toward noncancer-specific mortality in postoperative follow-ups. Conversely, for stage III and IV patients, greater consideration should be given to DTC-related causes of death. In addition, for stage III and IV DTC patients, the risk of death from other cancers was significantly higher than for stages I and II.
Study on the thermal storage properties of a spiral tube heat storage tank based on numerical analysis
Authors: Yuna Li , Xiaojun Wang , Yu Yang , Tao Wang
Published: October 2024

Introduction

The spiral tube heat storage tank is a highly efficient device designed for storing and releasing heat, utilizing a spiral tube structure. Its key advantages include efficiency, reliability, and flexibility, making it suitable for a wide range of conditions, from high temperatures and pressures to low temperatures and high vacuums.

Methods

This study aims to analyze phase change heat storage in spiral tube heat storage tanks using numerical simulation.

Results

It explores the impact of varying water supply temperatures on heat transfer efficiency and the melting behavior of phase change materials within the tanks. Proposed enhancements, informed by numerical simulation results, seek to improve heat transfer efficiency. Simulation findings indicate that charging efficiency rises with increased temperature differentials, akin to sleeve-type heat exchangers.

Discussion

Calculations suggest faster melting of phase change materials at the central position of the tank’s spiral tube, with slower melting near the vessel wall. Consequently, reducing the number of spiral tubes in the middle is suggested for future structural optimization.
Regional energy consumption policy practice to promote low-carbon economy
Authors: Sun Xiaoting , Onuh Willington O.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Energy is the fundamental driving force for world economic and social development. However, the growth of carbon dioxide emissions and increasing environmental challenges are becoming increasingly problematic, limiting the pace of economic development.

Methods

To optimize the energy consumption structure and promote the development of low-carbon economy, this study took Shaanxi Province as an example to analyze the impact of low-carbon economy policy variables on the energy consumption structure dominated by coal. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of policy variables on the evolution of energy consumption structure by constructing a system dynamics model. In addition, this study will explore policy optimization issues.

Results

The error of simulation results was within ±10%. The consumption of non-fossil energy increased from 2,196,400 tons of standard coal in 2009 to 22.578 million tons in 2030, which is in line with the development trend. Under these four policy combinations, the share of coal will fall to 57.8 percent by 2030. In addition, the share of non-fossil energy sources will increase to 21 percent and the share of natural gas will reach 16 percent.

Discussion

The policy suggestions put forward in this paper are of great significance to the optimization of energy structure led by coal. The model constructed can be effectively applied to practical policy simulation and adjustment, and can provide reference for the development of low-carbon economic policies in other regions.
How urban renewal affects the sustainable development of public spaces: trends, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Xia Jun , Zhao Ziyou , Chen Lingqiong , Sun Yazhen
Published: October 2024

The process of urbanization has spurred economic growth and social challenges, necessitating research on public spaces in urban renewal to optimize design, enhance functionality, promote sustainable urban development, and improve residents’ quality of life. However, existing studies lack in-depth discussions on development trends and research focal points. This study addresses the gap in existing literature, by conducting a bibliometric analysis using data from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1 January 2000, to 1 April 2024. Using visualization tools such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace, the study examines publication trends, collaborative networks among countries, institutions, and authors, co-citation relationships among key journals and articles, and emerging research hotspots through keyword analysis. A total of 393 papers were analyzed, with China contributing the highest number (65), followed by the United States (51). Leading contributors include Zazzi Michele and Anguelovski Isabelle. The top three journals for publications are Sustainability, Cities, and Land. Key research trends highlight themes such as space syntax, nature-based solutions, and sustainable transportation. These findings have significant implications for urban planning and policy, suggesting that future urban development strategies should increasingly incorporate sustainable design practices and nature-based solutions to address both environmental and social challenges. By identifying global research trends and highlighting future challenges, this study provides a comprehensive overview that will help policymakers and practitioners in urban planning align their efforts with cutting-edge research and emerging best practices for more sustainable and resilient cities.
High-resolution subtyping of fibroblasts in gastric cancer reveals diversity among fibroblast subsets and an association between the MFAP5-fibroblast subset and immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Hong , Yang Linjun , Chen Wei , Li Kainan , Xu Meng , Peng Xiaobo , Li Jie , Zhao Feng , Wang Bin
Published: October 2024

Backgrounds

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a global health threat due to frequent treatment failures caused by primary or acquired resistance. Although cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been implicated in this process, it is still unclear which specific subtype(s) of CAFs hinder T-cell infiltration and promote resistance to immunotherapy.

Methods

We analyzed the GC fibroblast atlas in detail by combining 63,955 single cells from 14 scRNA-seq datasets. We also performed RNA-seq data in a local GC cohort and examined 13 bulk RNA-seq datasets to understand the biological and clinical roles of different CAF subsets. Additionally, we conducted in vitro experiments to study the role of specific proteins in GC development.

Results

We identified a total of 17 fibroblast subsets in gastric cancer, nine of which did not fit into the existing CAFs classification. These subsets exhibited significant heterogeneity in distribution and biological characteristics (metabolism, cell-cell interactions, differentiation state), as well as clinical functions such as prognosis and response to immunotherapy. In particular, cluster 6 stood out for its high expression of MFAP5, CFD, and PI16; it was found to be negatively associated with both overall survival and response to immunotherapy in GC. This association was linked to an immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by an increase in M2 macrophages but higher levels of T cell dysfunction and exclusion—a feature shared by tumors expressing MFAP5. Furthermore, the addition of human recombinant MFAP5 promoted proliferation and migration of HGC-27 cells by inducing the MFAP5/NOTCH1/HEY1 signaling pathway.

Conclusion

We introduce a high-resolution GC fibroblast atlas. The 17 identified fibroblast clusters provide valuable opportunities for gaining deeper biological insights into the relationship between fibroblasts and GC development. Particularly, cluster 6 and its specific marker MFAP5 could serve as prognostic factors in GC and form a foundation for personalized therapeutic combinations to address primary resistance to ICIs.
Integration of transcriptomics and machine learning for insights into breast cancer: exploring lipid metabolism and immune interactions
Authors: Chen Xiaohan , Yi Jinfeng , Xie Lili , Liu Tong , Liu Baogang , Yan Meisi
Published: October 2024

Background

Breast cancer (BRCA) represents a substantial global health challenge marked by inadequate early detection rates. The complex interplay between the tumor immune microenvironment and fatty acid metabolism in BRCA requires further investigation to elucidate the specific role of lipid metabolism in this disease.

Methods

We systematically integrated nine machine learning algorithms into 184 unique combinations to develop a consensus model for lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes (LMPGS). Additionally, transcriptomics analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of this prognostic signature. Using the ESTIMATE method, we evaluated immune infiltration among different risk subgroups and assessed their responsiveness to immunotherapy. Tailored treatments were screened for specific risk subgroups. Finally, we verified the expression of key genes through in vitro experiments.

Results

We identified 259 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to lipid metabolism through analysis of the cancer genome atlas program (TCGA) database. Subsequently, via univariate Cox regression analysis and C-index analysis, we developed an optimal machine learning algorithm to construct a 21-gene LMPGS model. We used optimal cutoff values to divide the lipid metabolism prognostic gene scores into two groups according to high and low scores. Our study revealed distinct biological functions and mutation landscapes between high-scoring and low-scoring patients. The low-scoring group presented a greater immune score, whereas the high-scoring group presented enhanced responses to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs. Single-cell analysis highlighted significant upregulation of CPNE3 in epithelial cells. Moreover, by employing molecular docking, we identified niclosamide as a potential targeted therapeutic drug. Finally, our experiments demonstrated high expression of MTMR9 and CPNE3 in BRCA and their significant correlation with prognosis.

Conclusion

By employing bioinformatics and diverse machine learning algorithms, we successfully identified genes associated with lipid metabolism in BRCA and uncovered potential therapeutic agents, thereby offering novel insights into the mechanisms and treatment strategies for BRCA.
Exercise as a therapeutic approach to alleviate diabetic kidney disease: mechanisms, clinical evidence and potential exercise prescriptions
Authors: Fan Rao , Kong Jianda , Zhang Jiahao , Zhu Lei
Published: October 2024

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a global and severe complication that imposes a significant burden on individual health, families, and society. Currently, the main treatment approaches for DKD include medication, blood glucose control, protein-restricted diet, and blood pressure management, all of which have certain limitations. Exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, has attracted increasing attention. This review introduces the mechanisms and clinical evidence of exercise on DKD, and proposes potential exercise prescriptions. Exercise can improve blood glucose stability related to DKD and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), reduce renal oxidative stress and inflammation, enhance the crosstalk between muscle and kidneys, and improve endothelial cell function. These mechanisms contribute to the comprehensive improvement of DKD. Compared to traditional treatment methods, exercise has several advantages, including safety, effectiveness, and no significant side effects. It can be used as an adjunct therapy to medication, blood glucose control, protein-restricted diet, and blood pressure management. Despite the evident benefits of exercise in DKD management, there is still a lack of large-scale, long-term randomized controlled trials to provide more evidence and develop exercise guidelines for DKD. Healthcare professionals should actively encourage exercise in DKD patients and develop personalized exercise plans based on individual circumstances.
Serum uric acid and prostate cancer: findings from the NHANES (2007–2020)
Authors: Yan Yu , Lin Hong , He Zhiyao , Wang Ling
Published: October 2024

Background

The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between SUA levels and PCa incidence.

Methods

A total of 9,776 participants aged ≥40 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2020 were included, 503 of whom had PCa. Weighted univariate logistic regression, multivariate logistic regression, and smooth-fitting curve analyses were used to analyze the association between SUA and PCa incidence. Concurrently, the fitted smoothing curves were used to explore the potential non-linear relationships. If non-linearity was observed, a recursive algorithm further calculated the inflection point.

Results

Three models were used to analyze the correlation between SUA levels and PCa incidence. All regression models demonstrated a negative correlation between SUA levels and PCa incidence (model 1: OR = 0.88, 95% CI=0.80–0.97; model 2: OR = 0.87, 95% CI=0.80–0.96; model 3: OR = 0.87, 95% CI=0.78–0.96). According to the trend test, with increasing SUA, the risk of PCa showed a downward trend (three models P for trend = 0.037, 0.015, 0.016). According to the subgroup analysis, a significant negative correlation between SUA and PCa was detected in individuals aged >60 years, non-Hispanic whites, those of other races, and those with hypertension. Moreover, the association between SUA and PCa followed a U-shaped curve among participants without hypertension, and the inflection point of SUA was 5.1 mg/dl.

Conclusions

This cross-sectional study revealed a negative relationship between SUA levels and the risk of PCa, particularly in specific demographic groups. These findings offer a fresh perspective on the role of SUA in PCa patients, potentially paving the way for new approaches for the prevention and treatment of PCa. However, further studies are necessary to validate these findings.
Intraoperative radiotherapy might not serve as a standard therapy for retroperitoneal liposarcoma: insights from a population-based propensity score-matched study
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Zhuang Aobo , Li Xi , Xi Zhe , Cheng Yingxue , Yan Guangting , Wang Yue , Zhang Gen , Huang Yangyang , Zhang Chenhe , Xie Fuan , Ma Xin , Wu Ting , Li Wengang
Published: October 2024

Background

Difficulty in achieving complete resection leads to a poor prognosis for retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma, hence emphasizing the significance of adjuvant treatment. The benefit of preoperative radiotherapy for retroperitoneal liposarcoma was initially demonstrated by the STRASS trial. However, the impact of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on retroperitoneal liposarcoma remains unexplored.

Method

Patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, treated between 2000 and 2019. Subsequently, a 1:1 propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was conducted based on variables identified from a multivariate analysis. T-tests were used to assess differences in normally distributed continuous variables, while the rank-sum test was applied to variables that did not follow a normal distribution. The chi-squared test was utilized to evaluate differences in categorical variables. Ultimately, survival analysis was performed using SPSS to evaluate patient prognosis.

Result

A total of 2129 patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma were included in our study. Age, sex, histology, grading, chemotherapy, and tumor size as independent prognostic risk factors for these patients through multivariate Cox regression analysis. Subsequently, 66 patients were included in the survival analysis through PSM, with 33 patients receiving IORT. Finally, the survival analysis revealed that there was no difference in overall survival among patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma, regardless of whether they received IORT or not (p= 0.711).

Conclusion

As an exploratory study, our findings suggest that patients may not derive benefit from intraoperative radiotherapy. These observations are intended to lay the groundwork for future prospective clinical studies.
Clinical-radiomics nomogram based on the fat-suppressed T2 sequence for differentiating luminal and non-luminal breast cancer
Authors: Guo Yaxin , Li Shunian , Liao Jun , Guo Yuqi , Shang Yiyan , Wang Yunxia , Wu Qingxia , Wu Yaping , Wang Meiyun , Tan Hongna
Published: October 2024

Objective

To establish and validate a new clinical-radiomics nomogram based on the fat-suppressed T2 sequence for differentiating luminal and non-luminal breast cancer.

Methods

A total of 593 breast cancer patients who underwent preoperative breast MRI from Jan 2017 to Dec 2020 were enrolled, which were randomly divided into the training (n=474) and test sets (n=119) at the ratio of 8:2. Intratumoral region (ITR) of interest were manually delineated, and peritumoral regions of 3 mm and 5 mm (PTR-3 mm and PTR-5 mm) were automatically obtained by dilating the ITR. Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics features were extracted from the fat-suppressed T2-weighted images, including first-order statistical features, shape features, texture features, and filtered features. The Mann-Whitney U Test, Z score normalization, K-best method, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm were applied to select key features to construct radscores based on ITR, PTR-3 mm, PTR-5 mm, ITR+PTR-3 mm and ITR+ PTR-5 mm. Risk factors were selected by univariate and multivariate logistic regressions and were used to construct a clinical model and a clinical-radiomics model that presented as a nomogram. The performance of models was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

ITR+PTR-3 mm radsore and histological grade were selected as risk factors. A clinical-radiomics model was constructed by adding ITR+PTR-3mm radscore to the clinical factor, which was presented as a nomogram. The clinical-radiomics nomogram showed the highest AUC (0.873), sensitivity (72.3%), specificity (78.9%) and accuracy (77.0%) in the training set and the highest AUC (0.851), sensitivity (71.4%), specificity (79.8%) and accuracy (77.3%) in the test set. DCA showed that the clinical-radiomics nomogram had the greatest net clinical benefit compared to the other models.

Conclusion

The clinical-radiomics nomogram showed promising clinical application value in differentiating luminal and non-luminal breast cancer.
Nodal radiotherapy for prostate adenocarcinoma recurrence: predictive factors for efficacy
Authors: Gueiderikh Anna , Baude Jérémy , Baron David , Schiappa Renaud , Katsahian Sandrine , Moreau Damien , Laurans Marc , Bibault Jean-Emmanuel , Kreps Sarah , Bondiau Pierre-Yves , Quivrin Magali , Lépinoy Alexis , Pasquier David , Hannoun-Levi Jean-Michel , Giraud Philippe
Published: October 2024

Background

Nodes are the second site for prostate cancer recurrence. Whole-pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) has shown superiority over nodal stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in two retrospective cohorts. We aimed to compare both modalities and assess factors associated with treatment outcomes.

Materials and methods

This retrospective multicentric cohort study included patients from five institutions spanning from 2010 to 2022. Patients had a history of prostatic adenocarcinoma classified as N0 M0 at diagnosis with a first nodal-only pelvic castration-sensitive recurrence. Failure-free survival (FFS) was defined as the time from the end of RT to the first failure event–biochemical or imaging recurrence, or death.

Results

A total of 147 patients (pts) were analyzed, mainly treated for a recurrence after initial prostatectomy (87%), with 64 (43.5%) undergoing SBRT and 83 (56.5%) undergoing WPRT. SBRT was chosen mainly for dosimetric constraints (67%) and was associated with a lower rate of concomitant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) prescription. With a median follow-up of 68 months [inter-quartile range (IQR) = 51], FFS was significantly lower in the SBRT group (p < 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, WPRT and ADT were associated with a longer FFS. Factors associated with a longer FFS after SBRT included associated ADT, lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, a PSA doubling time >6 months, and a Gleason score <8. SBRT was associated with a lower rate of genitourinary and gastrointestinal grade ≥2 complications.

Discussion

For an isolated pelvic nodal prostate cancer recurrence, SBRT is associated with a shorter FFS compared to WPRT. SBRT is often more convenient for patients and leaves further pelvic salvage options available, so it can be explored as an option for well-informed patients.
Clinical risk factors of bevacizumab-related hypertension in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Zhuoling , Zhao Yihong , Xie Jingwen , Gao Min , Wang Yiting , Li Xiaoyan
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, is widely used as a first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), with hypertension being a common adverse effect. However, there is limited data on the predisposing factors contributing to bevacizumab-induced blood pressure (BP) elevation. This study aims to identify clinical risk factors associated with bevacizumab-related hypertension in patients with mCRC.

Methods

This retrospective study included 178 patients treated between January and June 2020. Demographic data and medical histories were extracted from hospital electronic medical records.

Results

Among the 178 patients, 54 (30.3%) developed bevacizumab-related hypertension, with a median onset time of 48 days. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified pre-existing hypertension [odds ratio (OR), 3.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56–6.99] and age ≥60 years (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.00–4.17) as independent risk factors for bevacizumab-related hypertension. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.57–0.75, P < 0.001). The median overall survival (OS) for the cohort was 30.53 months (95% CI, 22.23–38.84). No significant differences in OS were observed between patients with and without bevacizumab-related hypertension (31.13 vs. 27.87 months, P = 0.86).

Conclusion

Pre-existing hypertension and age ≥60 years are significant clinical risk factors for bevacizumab-related hypertension in mCRC patients. Bevacizumab-related hypertension did not affect overall survival. Clinicians should closely monitor BP within the first 2 months of bevacizumab treatment in high-risk patients.
Current knowledge and breeding strategies for management of aphid-transmitted viruses of pepper (Capsicum spp.) in Africa
Authors: Zohoungbogbo Herbaud P. F. , Vihou Fabrice , Achigan-Dako Enoch G. , Barchenger Derek W.
Published: October 2024

Aphid-transmitted viruses cause significant losses in pepper production worldwide, negatively affecting yield and quality. The emergence of new aphid-transmitted viruses or development of variants as well as the occurrence in mixed infections make management a challenge. Here, we overview the current status of the distribution, incidence and phylogeny of aphids and the viruses they transmit in pepper in Africa; outline the available genetic resources, including sources of resistance, resistance genes and molecular markers; and discuss the recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of resistance to the predominant African viruses infecting pepper. Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV; Potyvirus); Potato virus Y (PVY; Potyvirus), Chili veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV; Potyvirus), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV; Cucumovirus) and Pepper veins yellow virus (PeVYV; Polerovirus) have been reported to be the most widespread and devastating aphid-transmitted viruses infecting pepper across Africa. Co-infection or mixed infection between aphid-transmitted viruses has been detected and the interrelationship between viruses that co-infect chili peppers is poorly understood. Establishing and evaluating existing and new diversity sets with more genetic diversity is an important component of developing host resistance and implementing integrated management strategies. However, more work needs to be done to characterize the aphid-transmitted viral strains across Africa and understand their phylogeny in order to develop more durable host resistance. In addition, a limited number of QTLs associated with resistance to the aphid-transmitted virus have been reported and QTL data are only available for PVY, ChiVMV and CMV mainly against European and Asian strains, although PVMV is likely the most important aphid-transmitted viral disease in Africa. There is a need to identify germplasm resources with resistance against various aphid-transmitted virus strains, and subsequent pyramiding of the resistance using marker-assisted selection could be an effective strategy. The recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of the resistance to the virus and the new breeding techniques that can be leveraged to accelerate breeding for aphid-transmitted virus in pepper are proposed as strategies to more efficiently develop resistant cultivars. The deployment of multi-genetic resistances in pepper is an effective and desirable method of managing viral-diseases in Africa and limit losses for farmers in a sustainable manner.
RECALL prompting hierarchy improves responsiveness for autistic children and children with language delay: a single-case design study
Authors: Bosley Rebekah , Loveall Susan J. , Kellum Karen Kate , Hawthorne Kara
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the current study was to expand upon previous research on RECALL, a dialogic reading intervention modified for autistic children aimed at increasing engagement. Children ages 3–6 years (n = 6) with language delays with or without co-occurring autism were tested using a multiple baseline across participants design. During baseline, the interventionist used dialogic reading and asked questions after every page. During intervention, the interventionist used RECALL, including a least to most prompting hierarchy with visual prompt cards. Children were more responsive and produced more meaningful correct responses during the intervention. Response type (linguistic vs. non-linguistic) also changed from baseline to intervention, though the pattern varied across participants. Intervention was not associated with increased responsiveness to adult bids for attention or pauses designed to encourage the child to initiate an interaction, though a few children showed changes in these responses over time.
The mindful resiliency in recovery model: empowering the transcendence of stigma
Authors: Moniz-Lewis David I. K.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Mindfulness-based interventions show unique promise in treating substance use disorders among marginalized populations who face heightened stigma. The Mindful Resiliency in Recovery Model is introduced as a novel theoretical framework articulating how mindfulness training can mitigate the adverse effects of stigma, enhance psychological resilience, and facilitate sustained recovery from addiction.

Methods

The current manuscript synthesizes various models of mindfulness processes, stigma, and substance use disorder recovery to propose an integrated theoretical framework on the promise of mindfulness-based interventions in supporting recovery. Further, the current manuscript draws upon empirical literature to establish preliminary support for the premises and hypotheses of the Mindful Resiliency in Recovery Model concerning the mechanisms influencing the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions among marginalized individuals.

Results

Preliminary evidence supports the premises of the proposed model. There is evidence to suggest that specific processes like increased present-moment awareness, acceptance, decentering, reappraisal, and savoring may be especially salient in mitigating internalized stigma and fostering resiliency in recovery. There is a need for additional research on these processes, and contextual factors that may moderate their efficacy.

Discussion

The Mindful Resiliency in Recovery Model has significant implications for optimizing mindfulness-based interventions to empower marginalized individuals to transcend stigma and actualize their capacity for wellbeing in substance use disorder recovery. It provides a roadmap for future research on the mechanisms and contextual factors affecting the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions for marginalized and stigmatized communities. It further offers guidance to clinicians utilizing mindfulness-based interventions to support individuals experiencing stigma.