bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
في معهد خادم الحرمين الشريفين بندا أتشيه Google Meet تعليم النحو عبر
Authors: Firda Raihan , Muzaffar Asyraf , Fajriah Fajriah
Published: August 2022

The using Google Meet as a new platform for the learning process and the obstacles for teachers and students when using it.This research aims to discover: 1) Learning process of Nahwu Study via Google Meet in Ma’had Khadimul Haramain Asy-Syarifain Banda Aceh. 2) Problems faced by teachers and students in learning Nahwu Study via Google Meet in Ma’had Khadimul Haramain Asy-Syarifain Banda Aceh. This research is of analytical descriptive type. Samples of this research are 56 girl students from Akhwat class. The research methods employed are direct observation and interviews. The results of this research are: 1) Learning process of Nahwu Study in Ma’had Khadimul Haramain Asy-Syarifain Banda Aceh implement the direct method, lecturing method, reading method, question-and-answer, and deductive method, which means Nahwu learning method by explaining the rules first followed by examples. Teachers also utilize Power Point to explain I’rab materials, Microsoft Word as a whiteboard, Google to search for sources for pictures of difficult Mufradat, and a PDF book of Arabic language as the source materials of Nahwu Study. However, problems faced by teachers in teaching Nahwu via Google Meet are: 1) Internet connection 2) difficulty in supervising students 3) passive students 4) difficulty in evaluating the study. Furthermore, problems faces by students in learning Nahwu via Google Meet are : 1) internet connection 2) internet quota 3) lack of learning focus 4) lack of learning spirit 5) difficulty in understanding the lessons 6) too many students in one class.
معلم اللغة العربية وصفاته الشخصية
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan kepribadian guru  secara umum dan guru bahasa Arab secara khusus. Berdasarkan kajian.kepustakaan, bahwa ada 36 kepribadian pedagogik yang perlu diketahui dan diamalkan oleh seseorang yang terjun dalam bidang profesi keguruan. Seyogianya Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Pendidik (LPTK} secara serius memperkenalkan  kepribadian dimaksud kepada mahasiswanya.
Islamic Philanthropy as a Deterrent to Potential Fraud
Authors: Setiawan Nanang , Alim Muhammad Nizarul
Published: August 2022

This study aims to investigate the utilization of Islamic philanthropic institutions in Indonesia and to recommend fraud-prevention warning signals. This study employs the desk study method to conduct qualitative research with The Allocation to Collection Ratio (ACR), the disbursement speed, and the Amil Right Ratio (RHA) as early warning signals for the possibility of fraud. Data was collected from eight Islamic charitable organizations in Indonesia. Using the ACR method, the results indicated that Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS), Dompet Dhuafa (DD), Institut Zakat Indonesia (IZI), Lazis Muhammadiyah (Lazismu), and Baitul Maal Muamalat (BMM) have a greater potential for fraud based on higher deposited cash balances exceeding 10 percent (11-30 percent ). Due to the lack of sufficient data on website searches and financial reports, the assessment of disbursement speed is not covered in this study. Other results indicated that using the RHA method, the only institution with a RHA greater than 12.5% is RZ (RHA 13.8%), which has a greater potential for fraud due to the orientation of the institution's responsibility towards the institution's interests rather than the interests of non-amil mustahik. This study contributes to providing an overview of the use of funds in Islamic philanthropic institutions and fraud warning signs in order to anticipate and prevent potential fraud.==================================================================================================== ABSTRAK – Filantropi Islam Sebagai Pencegah Potensi Fraud. Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengeksplorasi pendayagunaan lembaga filantropi Islam di Indonesia dan memberikan rekomendasi warning signals sebagai upaya pencegahan terhadap potensi fraud. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode desk study dengan tiga metode sebagai warning signal terhadap potensi fraud: metode ACR (Allocation to Collection Ratio), Disbursement Speed dan Rasio Hak Amil (RHA). Studi ini menggunakan objek data delapan lembaga filantropi Islam di Indonesia. Hasil studi menunjukkan melalui metode ACR: Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS), Dompet Dhuafa (DD), Institut Zakat Indonesia (IZI), Lazis Muhammadiyah (Lazismu) dan Baitul Maal Muamalat (BMM) memiliki potensi fraud yang lebih tinggi didasarkan pada saldo kas yang mengendap lebih tinggi di atas 10% (11-30%). Penilaian disbursement speed tidak dijelaskan dalam studi ini dikarenakan tidak adanya informasi yang memadai pada penelusuran website dan laporan keuangan. Hasil studi lainnya menunjukkan melalui metode RHA, satu lembaga dengan RHA >12,5% adalah RZ (RHA 13,8%) memiliki potensi fraud lebih tinggi didasarkan pada orientasi tanggungjawab lembaga yang lebih berpihak kepada kepentingan lembaga daripada kepentingan pihak mustahik non ‘amil. Studi ini berkontribusi memberikan gambaran pendayagunaan dana pada lembaga filantropi Islam, memberikan warning signal terhadap potensi fraud untuk mengantisipasi dan meminimalisir terjadinya potensi fraud.
Paradoxical Association Between Dietary Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Risk: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Patient Responses from A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: T Sumathy , V .P Maheshkumar , S Jaikumar
Published: August 2022

A decrease in cardiovascular event risk with a decrease in total and LDL – cholesterol level is termed as “cholesterol paradox” or “risk factor reversal”. Cardiovascular risk does not have a linear relationship between LDL – cholesterol levels, and other substantial risk factors of cardiovascular events are being disregarded. The aim of this study is, to identify modifiable risk factors of cardiovascular events other than those well proved to cause dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 652 participants in a tertiary care hospital. Patients were grouped into two, based on the history of cardiovascular events. Demographics and patient responses captured using pre-validated questionnaires were analyzed. 5mL blood samples were collected by venipuncture and lipid profile was estimated. Association between cardiovascular events and explanatory variables. was determined using Chi square test and Odds ratio at 95% confidence intervals. Higher risk of CV events was found among smokers 0.232 [0.144 – 0.373]. Consumption of white sugar, refined oil, processed cold beverages and fast food products increased CV risk respectively. Moreover, total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides were found to decrease after one year of counselling the patients. The classical hypothesis of dyslipidemia induced atherosclerosis may not be the predominant cause of CV events. Herein, we report no association between high fat diet and CV risk while we observed higher risk in consumers of refined and ultra processed food products. However, significant control of cholesterol was observed in patients who shifted to Unrefined food products.
Micorrizas arbusculares y las técnicas de visión artificial para su identificación
Authors: Soto Sogamoso Jimilgton Enrique , Pinto Lopera Jesús Emilio , Millán Rojas Edwin Eduardo
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar las principales técnicas y estrategias de visión artificial utilizadas en sistemas diseñados para la identificación automática de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares, abordando aspectos generales de las micorrizas y su clasificación taxonómica. Las micorrizas son asociaciones simbióticas entre las raíces de las plantas y determinados grupos de hongos, se caracterizan por generar grandes beneficios al suelo circundante, a las plantas y a los procesos productivos derivados. El trabajo se desarrolló con una metodología de recolección de información especializada a partir de criterios de búsqueda específicos, seleccionando publicaciones relevantes, en un rango de tiempo entre el año 2014 y 2021, en las bases de datos de Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet y Google Académico. Los resultados del estudio revelaron que la morfología matemática difusa es una técnica importante en la segmentación de las esporas de hongos y, en general, los estudios desarrollados se basan en una identificación binaria de las esporas, donde la transformada de Hough y las redes neuronales artificiales son las técnicas combinadas que reportan mejores resultados. El presente estudio permitió concluir que es posible auxiliar el proceso de identificación de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares a partir de técnicas de visión artificial, y contribuye indicando un vacío de información respecto de sistemas de clasificación no binaria, los cuales son importantes y se deben tener en cuenta para apoyar procesos de clasificación avanzados, de acuerdo con la cantidad de familias y géneros reportados en la literatura.
A Current Evaluation on the Importance of Traditional Building Masters and the Training of Restoration Practitioners Working in the Conservation of Architectural Heritage in Turkey
Authors: BALCI Esra , KUBAN Nurdan , ÇİFTÇİ Aynur
Published: August 2022

Preservation of the cultural assets with their authentic values and their transfer to the future is directly related to the quality of the conservation and restoration interventions, and therefore to the training and knowledge of the implementers who carry out these interventions. Qualified workforce is an indispensable necessity in this field, which requires special experience and expertise. In this sense, the existence and recognition of traditional masters -who have knowledge, skills and experience in traditional architecture, construction techniques and materials-, their ability to transfer this knowledge to future generations, and the training of young generations as qualified practitioners are of great importance.

In this study, traditional construction crafts are evaluated in the context of intangible cultural heritage, the issue of identifying existing traditional building masters and ensuring their recognition is brought to the agenda, efforts to raise new generations within the framework of formal and non-formal education are discussed, problems related to professional qualifications are presented and framework suggestions are presented. In the study, the findings are based on the legal frameworks on the subject, the data announced by the relevant institutions and the experience gained from the initiatives in which the authors themselves took part.

As a result of the findings presented, it is foreseen that the preservation of traditional buildings and construction crafts can be achieved primarily by ensuring the recognition of existing traditional construction masters and securing the environment in which they can transfer their experiences, increasing the application weight of formal education, ensuring the continuity of non-formal education, and employing professionally qualified masters and intermediate staff in practices. It is hoped that this study, which focuses on the education of the people involved in the restoration practices of the cultural assets and the continuity of traditional building mastery, will shed light on the future in the field of architectural conservation.
THE HAMISH OGSTON FOUNDATION HERITAGE BUILDING SKILLS PROGRAMME IN ENGLAND
Authors: NORTON Sophie
Published: August 2022

This short article explains the rationale for the development of the Hamish Ogston Foundation Heritage Building Skills Programme, a major in-work training programme enabled by the largest one-off investment ever awarded to heritage construction training in England. After briefly introducing the evidence for skills shortages in heritage conservation and the growing area of retrofit, it draws on literature and policy relating to building crafts, heritage conservation, and vocational education and training (VET) in England to establish the context for addressing them. In a wide-ranging discussion, it examines various social and practical constraints, before explaining how the Hamish Ogston Foundation Heritage Building Skills Programme proposes to make a difference.
ARCHAEOLOGY MEETS LOCAL NEEDS? EXPERIENCES OF THE PERGAMON EXCAVATION IN INTENSIFYING LOCAL AWARENESS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE AND ITS PROTECTION
Authors: TEZER ALTAY Seçil , ATEŞ Güler , MANIA Ulrich
Published: August 2022

Can archaeological excavations play a role in the development of the local region? How can archaeological teams make all the intense field work, conducted with limited budgets in limited time frames, and all the scientific outcomes beneficial for the local community?

Ancient city of Pergamon and its surrounding have been subjects to archaeological excavations and investigations since more than 140 years. With a long history and experience, since 2018, Pergamon Excavation has been actively participating the cultural heritage projects that primarily target the local community.

As a result of inscription of Bergama on the World Heritage List of UNESCO in 2014, central and local authorities have become aware of the cultural heritage and sensitive about its protection ever since. However, a sustainable heritage protection policy can not be achieved unless the local community is actively involved. Basing on this argument, the Pergamon Excavation has designed a capacity building project and implemented between 2019-2021, focusing the protection of cultural heritage together with the local community.

This article explains dynamics of the social environment, from where the project has evolved and describes components of the project, in detail. Moreover, outcomes are comprehensively discussed, as a lookback on a three years of intenser interaction with the local community.
An in silico prediction of interaction models of influenza a virus PA and human C14orf166 protein from yeast-two-hybrid screening data
Authors: TURAN Kadir , Çağlayan Elif
Published: August 2022

The human C14orf166 protein, also known as RTRAF, shows positive
modulatory activity on the cellular RNA polymerase II enzyme. This
protein is a component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex and is
involved in RNA metabolism. It also functions in the nucleo-cytoplasmic
transport of RNA molecules. The C14orf166 protein has been reported to
be associated with some types of cancer. It has been shown that the
C14orf166 protein binds to the influenza A virus RNA polymerase PA
subunit and has a stimulating effect on viral replication. In this
study, candidate interactor proteins for influenza A virus PA protein
were screened with a Y2H assay using HEK293 Matchmaker cDNA. The
C14orf166 protein fragments in different sizes were found to interact
with the PA. The three-dimensional structures of the viral PA and
C14orf166 proteins interacting with the PA were generated using the
I-TASSER algorithm. The interaction models between these proteins were
predicted with the ClusPro protein docking algorithm and analyzed with
PyMol software. The results revealed that the carboxy-terminal end of
the C14orf166 protein is involved in this interaction, and it is highly
possible that it binds to the carboxy-terminal of the PA protein.
Although amino acid residues in the interaction area of the PA protein
with the C14orf166 showed distribution from 450th to 700th position, the
intense interaction region was revealed to be at amino acid positions
610 to 630.
Automatic mpMRI-based Prostate Lesions Assessment with Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
Authors: Dai Jing , Wang Xiaomei , Li Yingqi , Liu Zhiyu , Ng Yui Lun , Xiao Jiaren , Lam James , Dou Qi , Vardhanabhuti Varut , Kwok Ka-Wai
Published: August 2022

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has emerged as a
valuable diagnostic tool in prostate lesion assessment, for which many
reports conclude the advantageous use of convolutional neural networks
(CNNs) in prostate lesion detection and classification (PLDC). However,
the network training inevitably involves prostate magnetic resonance
(MR) images from multiple sites/cohorts. There always exists variation
in scanning protocol among the cohorts, inducing significant changes in
data distribution between source and target domains. This challenge has
greatly limited clinical adoption on a large scale. Recent domain
adaptation (DA) models can alleviate the inherent cross-site
heterogeneity. Some could leverage cross-domain knowledge transfer using
whole-slide images, without prior knowledge of lesion regions. In this
paper, we propose a coarse mask-guided deep domain adaptation
network (CMD²A-Net) in order to develop a fully automated framework for
PLDC using multi-cohort images. No category or mask label is required
from the target domain. A coarse segmentation module is trained to cover
the possible lesion-related regions, so that attention maps can be
generated to dedicate the local feature extraction of lesions within
those regions. As a result, the features of both prostate lesion and
region can be fused to align the robust features between the source and
target domains. Experiments have been performed on 512 mpMRI sets from
datasets of PROSTATEx (with 330 sets) and two cohorts, A (with 74 sets)
and B (with 108 sets). Using the ensemble learning, our CMD²A-Net
accomplishes an AUC of 0.921 in cohort A and 0.913 in cohort B,
demonstrating its transferability from a large-scale public dataset
PROSTATEx to our small-scale target domains. Our results and ablation
study also support the CMD²A-Net’s effectiveness in lesion
classification between benign or malignant, compared to the
state-of-the-art models

Corresponding author(s) Email:   kwokkw@hku.hk (K.W.
Kwok), varv@hku.hk (V. Vardhanabhuti)
Preventive effects of dexamethasone premedication on the development of infusion-related reactions in breast cancer patients receiving trastuzumab
Authors: Goto Emi , Hata Takeo , Nishihara Masami , Neo Masashi , Iwamoto Mitsuhiko , Kimura Kosei , Goto Masahiro , Rikitake Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2022

Aim To clarify the incidence and risk factors of infusion-related
reactions (IRRs) to trastuzumab in breast cancer patients and verify the
preventive effects of glucocorticoids. Methods The electronic medical
record data at the time of trastuzumab administration were
retrospectively reviewed. The following exclusion criteria were applied
to 229 breast cancer patients who received trastuzumab at Osaka Medical
and Pharmaceutical University Hospital during the 4-year study period:
missing information on human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2
(HER2) status (n=1); missing information on eosinophils (n=11); or use
of treatments other than trastuzumab (n=41). Results The 176 patients
included in the study received 2,320 infusions. Fifty-eight patients
(33.0%) experienced IRRs, and IRRs occurred in 80 (3.4%) of the 2,320
infusions. Owing to the hierarchical structure of the data, the
independence of the observed values was evaluated using the intraclass
correlation coefficient. Multivariate multilevel logistic regression
analysis showed that premedication with dexamethasone was effective in
lowering IRR risk with trastuzumab (mg; per unit; odds ratio, OR=0.62;
95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 0.44‒0.86; p=0.005). Preoperative
status (OR=34.7; 95% CI, 5.0–242.0; p<0.001) and high doses
of trastuzumab (mg/kg; per unit; OR=59.6; 95% CI, 19.7–180.0;
p<0.001) were independent risk factors for IRRs. Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that premedication with dexamethasone
has a protective effect against IRRs caused by trastuzumab in breast
cancer treatment. Future studies are needed to determine the optimal
dosing of dexamethasone to prevent IRRs and the impact of dexamethasone
on the efficacy of trastuzumab treatment.
Veien videre – kollisjon eller kreative kompromiss?
Authors: Suhrke Astri , Strand Arne
Published: August 2022

Vestens umiddelbare reaksjon på Talibans maktovertakelse i Afghanistan i august 2021 har stort sett vært den samme som da Taliban kom til makten første gang i 1996. Vestlige stater og FN valgte den gang å isolere regimet, nekte diplomatisk anerkjennelse og etter hvert innføre strenge sanksjoner. Humanitær bistand var tillatt, men ikke samarbeid med Talibans statlige organer og ikke kanalisering av bistand via staten. Det er derfor grunn til å vurdere Vestens nåværende respons i lys av historien. Sanksjons- og isoleringspolitikken på 1990-tallet ga ikke forventede resultater og virket for det meste mot sin hensikt. Er det grunn til å tro at en lignende politikk i dag vil være mer effektiv? Hvis ikke, hva er konturene av et bredere og strategisk mer balansert engasjement?
Abstract in EnglishThe Road Ahead – Confrontation or Creative Compromises?The immediate reaction of Western states to the Taliban’s seizure of power in Afghanistan in August 2021 was broadly speaking the same as when the Taliban first came to power in 1996. Western states and the UN chose at that time to isolate the regime, deny it diplomatic recognition and gradually impose strong sanctions. Humanitarian assistance was allowed, but not program cooperation with Taliban authorities and state institutions, and no assistance was to be channelled via the Taliban-controlled state. The results are highly relevant today. In the 1990s, the sanctions-and-isolation policy did not bring about the desired results, and in important respects were counter-productive. Are there reasons to believe that similar policies today will be more effective? This article outlines the contours of a broader and strategic more balanced engagement.
20 år i Afghanistan: Hvad ved vi om det, vi lærte?
Authors: Sheikh Mona
Published: August 2022

Artiklen ser nærmere på de forhold, som er blevet beskrevet i analyser af interventionen i Afghanistan, der kan forklare den udvikling, som den amerikanske præsiden, Joe Biden, forsikrede ikke ville finde sted i 2021. Tre forhold står frem i tidligere analyser af årene, der gik, i Afghanistan. For det første, at der var løbende udfordringer med kapacitetsopbygningen. Udfordringer, der ligeledes løbende var blevet påpeget internationalt af analytikere, forskere og i krigens mange evalueringsrapporter og erfaringsopsamlinger. For det andet, at formålet med krigen fra de allieredes side skiftede karakter, som tiden gik. Fra at det fælles formål var lettere at få øje på i starten af krigen, så blev interventionsindsatserne til et formålstæt delta, hvor de involverede lande med skiftende regeringer balancerede hensyn til alliancer, en hjemlig vælgerskare, nationale sikkerhedsinteresser og værdipolitiske rettighedsdagsordner. For det tredje, at Taleban gradvist – og ikke fra den ene dag til den anden – havde opbygget styrke og kontrol, og samtidig havde været involveret i en politisk proces via deres repræsentationskontor i Doha, der var med til at bane vejen for deres overtagelse.
Abstract in English20 Years in Afghanistan: What Do We Know About What We Learned?This article takes a closer look at various analyses of the international intervention in Afghanistan, which point at different reasons for the developments that took take place in August 2021. Developments that the American president Biden shortly before the Taliban takeover assured the world would not take place. Three factors stand out in previous analyses of the years that passed by in Afghanistan. First, that there were ongoing challenges with capacity-building. Challenges that had been pointed out by analysts, researchers and in the many evaluation and lessons-learned reports from the war. Secondly, that the purpose of the war on the part of the allied forces changed character as time went on. The common purpose was easier to see in the beginning of the war, but the intervention efforts turned into a purpose-dense delta, where the countries involved and their successive governments balanced considerations to alliances, domestic support, national security interests and value political agendas. Third, that the Taliban seemingly had gradually – and not overnight – built up strength and control, and at the same time been involved in a political process through their exile office in Doha that helped pave the way for their takeover.
How Ecofriendly is your Process? A Brief Review of Evaluation Methods
Authors: Ortega Cabello Lucia
Published: August 2022

Green chemistry has emerged since 1990´s decade as a guide to minimize environmental impact of chemical processes based on Paul Anastas´ twelve principles, such as atomic economy, minimizing generation of hazardous residues and energy efficiency. However, as researchers carry out ecofriendly processes based on these principles, a question arises…how can researchers evaluate the environmental impact of the processes they develop? This review attempts to summarize different ways to evaluate such impact.
Adaptation and Management Practices of Communities Vulnerable to Gully Erosion in Anambra and Imo States, Nigeria
Authors: HO Nwankwoala
Published: August 2022

This study is aimed at evaluating the adaptation and management practices of communities vulnerable to gully erosion in Anambra and Imo States, respectively. The study employed qualitative research methods involving a cross sectional research design using questionnaire survey and interviews. The information for the causes of gully erosion among sampled communities showed the following distribution: 13.1% respondents believed that it has been caused by deforestation; 25.2% of the respondents indicated infrastructural development causes; 20.5% of the sampled respondents indicated poor farming systems; 31.8% of the respondents were of the opinion that the misuse of land contributes more to the causes of gully erosion in the study area; while the remaining 9.4% of the respondents indicated mining as one of the causes of gully erosion in the study area. The distribution revealed that majority of sampled respondents indicated land misuses as a prominent factor leading to gully erosion formation in the study area. The study therefore noted that gullies have impact on depletion of the soil through constant action of erosion and these have several implications for food production which is the primary economic activity engaged on by the majority of residents in the study area. Thus, adaptive capacities of residents in affected gully erosion areas in Anambra and Imo States have not been effective. This will definitely lead to increased socio-economic effects which have several implications on their potential for growth and development in the study area.
Responsabilização de Empresas à luz da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados
Authors: Monaco Caranti Larissa , Fukuhara Tatiana
Published: August 2022

Neste breve trabalho, estudaremos a evolução da proteção de dados tendo como maior foco de estudo a responsabilização na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (Lei nº 13.709/2018) , cujo conteúdo é de suma importância para o tratamento de dados no âmbito nacional. Não restam dúvidas de que, no cenário atual, a informação é crucial para o funcionamento das grandes e pequenas empresas, entretanto, o uso dos dados pessoais não é ilimitado. Desta forma, também analisaremos a responsabilidade no âmbito empresarial quanto à utilização dos dados.
Antipopulistas reaccionarios en el espacio público digital
Authors: Kessler Gabriel , Vommaro Gabriel , Paladino Martín
Published: August 2022

Los influencers conservadores son emergentes de las derechas reaccionarias latinoamericanas contemporáneas y contribuyen a su reconstitución. Describimos sus perfiles con una tipología basada en la distinción de soportes organizativos y alcance de su agenda. Aunque encontramos agendas conservadoras (“batalla cultural” contra la “ideología de género”) y libertarias (antiestatismo), ambas confluyen en el antipopulismo. Identificamos sus estrategias de intervención en el espacio público digital y el tipo de seguidores. Combinamos un enfoque de oferta –las disputas al interior de las derechas y en la esfera pública en general– y de demanda –la movilización de seguidores conservadores–. Utilizamos datos de un estudio cuali-cuantitativo sobre las intervenciones off-line y on-line de cuatro influencers de cuatro países de América Latina.
Profundizar la investigación científica y el desarrollo tecnológico para fortalecer la soberanía nacional en el Atlántico Sur y la Antártida
Authors: Fernández Daniel
Published: August 2022

Se presentan aquí las diversas dimensiones abordadas desde las ciencias naturales relativas a las Islas Malvinas y su indisoluble vínculo con la Patagonia, el Atlántico Sur y la Antártida. Se expone la relevancia de las mismas en la agenda de investigaciones de las universidades y el sistema científicotecnológico argentino para contribuir a la discusión del proyecto de país y para afianzar la soberanía nacional en el Atlántico Sur.
Análisis y comportamiento socio-espacial entre dos zonas metropolitanas contiguas
Authors:   , Dolores Mijangos María del Rosario
Published: August 2022

Este documento tiene sus antecedentes en la inquietud de estudiar las zonas que forman una interfase territorial en las zonas metropolitanas de Pachuca y el Valle de México que de acuerdo a su localización presentan una nula o acrecentada velocidad de crecimiento poblacional, para lo cual contiene la revisión conceptual del término atracción urbana y sus conceptos (fragmentación urbana, modelos de crecimiento, etc.) que la han enmarcado para construirse como tal. Se realiza la revisión de algunos de sus componentes como la especialización económica que a su vez se desglosa en la revisión de la concentración del empleo lo cual denota la generación de puntos nodales dentro de la zona de estudio en un periodo de 2005 al 2021 en algunas variables, con lo cual se logra comprobar que estos elementos constituyen la atracción urbana, misma que generan concentraciones compactas poblacionales en los territorios, no así en las zonas intersticiales las cuales carecen de estas condicionantes. Las principales aportaciones del trabajo, se encuentran en el mapeo de los componentes que generan la atracción urbana, haciendo el énfasis en las zonas intersticiales de la zonas metropolitanas, siendo estas las zonas donde se propician intersticios, teniendo localidades que muestran variables( especialización, primaria, secundaria y terciaria, concentración de empleos, flujos por empleo y valores fluctuantes del suelo ) estos elementos se incrementan o decrecen en su concentración, mostrando la atracción urbana en el territorio rural y urbano.
Kadar Neuroglobin dan Sitoglobin dalam Plasma, Cairan Serebro Spinalis, dan Jaringan Otak Pasien Strok Hemoragik
Authors: Mudjihartini Ninik , Saekhu Mohamad , Jusman Sri Widia A. , Sadikin Mohamad
Published: August 2022

Latar belakang: Otak memerlukan oksigen yang banyak selain glukosa. Hipoksia iskemik karena strok hemoragik atau Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) dapat mengganggu suplai oksigen dan nutrisi ke otak berakibat produksi energi di otak akan menurun. Deplesi energi ini menyebabkan kerusakan dan kematian sel otak terjadi lebih cepat. Neuroglobin (Ngb) dan sitoglobin (Cygb) merupakan protein golongan globin yang terdapat di otak dan berperan sebagai protein pengikat oksigen di mitokondria. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran/profil kadar Ngb dan Cygb, di plasma, cairan serebro spinal (CSS), dan jaringan otak pasien strok hemoragik. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan menggunakan sampel plasma, CSS, dan jaringan otak yang diperoleh saat kraniotomi evakuasi hematoma pasien strok hemoragik sICH di rumah sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo dan rumah sakit lainnya di Jakarta. Kadar protein Ngb dan Cygb dari plasma, CSS, dan jaringan otak diukur dengan metode ELISA. Hasil: Rerata kadar Ngb otak adalah 0,058 ng/mg protein otak, sedangkan di plasma dan CSS masing-masing adalah 0,017 ng/mg protein otak dan 0,013 ng/mg protein otak atau 29,31% dan 22,41% dari rerata kadar Ngb otak. Rerata kadar Cygb otak adalah 4,943 ng/mg protein otak, di CSS adalah 1,685 ng/mg protein otak, atau 25,26% dari rerata Cygb otak, sedangkan di dalam plasma hampir tidak terdeteksi. Simpulan: Pada keadaan hipoksia oleh karena strok hemoragik sICH, protein Ngb dan Cygb dapat diukur di plasma, CSS, dan jaringan otaknya.
PEMBERIAN EDUKASI GIZI MENGUNAKAN BUKU SAKU BERBASIS MEDIA ONLINE KEPADA IBU HAMIL DI KOTA PADANG PANJANG
Authors: Helmizar Helmizar , Rahmi Hafifatul Aulia
Published: August 2022

Rendahnya status gizi masyarakat sosial yang dihadapi Indonesia merupakan masalah sosial di masyarakat yang akan berdampak pada kualitas sumber daya manusia, karena akan mempengaruhi kecerdasan, daya tahan tubuh terhadap penyakit, kematian bayi, kematian ibu dan produktifitas kerja. Stunting adalah masalah kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya asupan gizi dalam waktu yang cukup lama, sehingga mengakibatkan gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak yakni tinggi badan anak lebih rendah atau pendek (kerdil) dari standar usianya. Berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2010 diketahui bahwa prevalensi balita stunting mencapai 35,6% dan mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2013 yaitu 37,2%. Prevalensi stunting tersebut lebih tinggi dibandingkan angka prevalensi gizi kurang dan buruk (17,9%), balita kurus (13,3%) serta balita gemuk (14%). Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan edukasi kepada ibu hamil sebanyak 30 orang melalui media online. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian ini maka diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka stunting dan kematian pada anak dimulai dari lingkup wilayah Kota Padang Panjang Kegiatan dilakukan pada melalui media whats apps sebanyak 4 kali pertemuan. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data perubahan berat badan ibu sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji paired sample t test. Hasil statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata berat badan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi dengan p value 0,003. Edukasi gizi dapat meningkatkan berat badan dan masalah gizi pada ibu hamil sehingga dapat melahirkan  anak yang sehat dan cerdas.
EDUKASI KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA BAGI PETANI GAMBIR DI BATANG KAPAS KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN
Authors: Firdani Fea , Reski Sepri , Alfian Azyyati Ridha
Published: August 2022

Gambir merupakan komoditas unggulan dari Sumatera Barat dan telah dilakukan pengolahan gambir secara turun temurun. Petani gambir belum mendapatkan perhatian dalam pelayanan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3). Dalam proses pengolahan gambir ada berbagai bahaya kerja pada petani gambir, apabila tidak dilakukan tindakan pencegahan dapat menimbulkan masalah kesehatan akibat kerja. Keterbatasan pengetahuan dan belum adanya pembinaan kesehatan dan keselamatan dalam bekerja menyebabkan petani gambir menganggap penerapan budaya Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Ker dalam keseharian pekerjaan belum menjadi perhatian. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para petani gambir tentang pentingnya menerapkan prinsip-prinsip Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di tempat kerja sehingga para petani gambir dapat terhindar dari bahaya dan risiko kerja. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam bentuk Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan penyuluhan tentang keselamatan kerja, penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) untuk mencegah bahaya dan risiko kecelakaan kerja dan juga penyakit akibat pekerjaan pada petani gambir di Batang Kapas, Pesisir Selatan. Kegiatan berlangsung efektif dan tercapainya tujuan berupa peningkatan wawasan petani gambir tentang bahaya dan risiko pada proses pengolahan gambir dan kelompok tani yang hadir mempraktekkan secara langsung penggunaan alat pelindung diri sehingga pemahaman petani menjadi meningkat berkaitan dengan keselamatan kerja. Diharapkan adanya pembinaan kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja secara berkelanjutan pada petani gambir dan adanya kerjasama lintas sektor terkait.
EDUKASI PENINGKATAN KUNJUNGAN KEHAMILAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUNGAI AUR KECAMATAN SUNGAI AUR KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Siswati Sri , Safitri Yolanda , Mulyani Sari , Novita Reni , Sekarini Yulia Arum , Hermawaty Fauziah , Mentari Sulthan Alvin Faiz Bara , Delfiyanti Rani , Frivana Ebby , Ramdhoni Arief , Yulanda Sari
Published: August 2022

Kematian ibu merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting di atasi di negara berkembang. Penyebab kematian Ibu disebabkan dua faktor yakni penyebab langsung (direct obstetric) dan penyebab tidak langsung (indirect obstetric). Sesuai dengan Penilaian Kinerja Puskesmas Aur (PKP) tahun 2020 menunjukkan bahwa target K1 ialah 93% dan K4 ialah 85% sedangkan pencapaian K1 hanya 79,3% dan K4 hanya 50,2%. Penyebab langsung seperti faktor medis dapat dipastikan seperti perdarahan, eklamsia, partus tidak normal, sedangkan penyebab kematian tidak langsung (indirect obstetric) tidak mudah dipastikan penyebabnya dan membutuhkan pemeriksaan khusus oleh tenaga medis. Tujuan kegiatan ini melakukan upaya peningkatan kunjungan kehamilan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Aur agar mencapai target, sehingga penyebab tingginya angka kematian ibu dapat dicegah. Metode dari kegiatan ini adalah dengan mengimplementasikan penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan kunjungan ibu hamil ke puskesmas dan memenuhi peningkatan target yang diharapkan baik K1 dan K4. Penyuluhan berkesinambungan dengan meningkatkan partisipasi serta kesadaran ibu terhadap pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan oleh tenaga kesehatan dilaksanakan di puskesmas, meningkatkan pencapaian K1 dan K4. Ibu hamil yang membutuhkan pertolongan segera, apalagi saat covid 19 masih berlangsung, dilaksanakan inovasi dengan menjemput langsung ke rumah pasien. Hasil dari kegiatan ini terlaksananya penyuluhan mengenai pentingnya kunjungan kehamilan, dan terlaksananya pembagian leaflet ke ibu hamil, serta mengegah resiko meningkatnya AKI. Saran penyuluhan tetap dilakukan, kesiapan tenaga dan sarana mengatasi masalah persalinan ibu dilestarikan.
Os benefícios da massagem no trabalho de parto
Authors: Reis Delaide Nunes , Gonçalves Francisca Jullyana Rosa , Silva Zilda Tomaz da , Guimarães Deane Mendes , Dias Maria Roselaíne Gonçalves de Sousa , Batista Pedro Venicius de Sousa , Araújo Raquel Vilanova , Magalhães Juliana Macêdo , Santos Kelly Evenlly da Silva , Lima Layonara da Cruz de
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Realizar uma busca nas bases de dados a fim de identificar evidências científicas acerca dos benefícios da massagem durante o trabalho de parto e descrever e discutir os tipos de massagem mais utilizadas durante o trabalho de parto. Métodos: Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura. Analisou-se dados obtidos em artigos científicos publicados em português, no período entre 2012 e 2022 nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online e Base de Dados em Enfermagem. Resultados: A massagem é uma técnica de estímulo sensorial, que se baseia no toque e manipulação dos tecidos. Proporciona uma ação que diminui a secreção de adrenalina e noradrenalina, promove aumento na liberação de endorfinas e ocitocina, além de ativar os sistemas simpático e parassimpático. Portanto, concede o aumento na circulação sanguínea, elevação dos hormônios de relaxamento e redução dos hormônios de estresse. Considerações finais: No presente estudo foram identificadas que os tipos de massagem: terapêutica, Rebozo, massagem abdominal, massagem perineal e massagem na região sacral, geram um impacto relevante em menor intensidade da dor do parto e no aumento da satisfação com o parto aumento na liberação de endorfinas e ocitocina.
Cut-and-Pasting Ligands: The Structure/Function Relationships of a Thermally Robust Mo(VI) Precursor
Authors: Land Michael , Dimova Dexter , Robertson Katherine , Barry Seán
Published: August 2022

The bis(tert-butylimido)-molybdenum(VI) framework has previously been used for the successful atomic layer deposition and chemical vapor deposition of many molybdenum-containing thin films. We have now prepared and fully characterized a new thermally robust bis(tert-butylimido)molybdenum(VI) complex, bis(tert-butylimido)-bis(N-2-(tertbutyliminomethyl)pyrrolato)-molybdenum(VI), (tBuN)2Mo(PyrIm)2 (1), that incorporates two N,N’-κ2-monoanionic ligands. The volatility and thermal stability of 1 was measured using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, where it was found to achieve a 1 Torr of vapor pressure at 212 ºC and had an onset of thermal decomposition at 273 ºC. Comparison of its thermal properties to the known ALD precursor (tBuN)2Mo(dpamd)2 (dpamd = N,N’-diisopropyl-acetamidinato) showed that 1 exhibits a similar volatility, but with a 78 ºC improvement in thermal stability. Since 1 exhibits an excellent thermal range (61 ºC), it should be further explored for use as a vapor deposition precursor.
An Accelerated Method for Investigating Spectral Properties of Dynamically Evolving Nanostructures
Authors: Cronin Leroy , Jiang Yibin , Sharma Abhishek
Published: August 2022

The discrete-dipole approximation (DDA) is widely applied to study the spectral properties of plasmonic nanostructures. However, the high computational cost limits the application of DDA in static geometries, making it impractical for investigating spectral properties during structural transformations. Here, we developed an efficient method to simulate spectra of dynamically evolving structures by formulating an iterative calculation process based on the rank-one decomposition of matrices and DDA. By representing structural transformation as the change of dipoles and their properties, the updated polarizations can be computed efficiently. The improvement in computational efficiency was benchmarked, demonstrating up to several hundreds times acceleration for a system comprising ca. 4000 dipoles. The rank-one decomposition accelerated DDA method (RD-DDA) can be used directly to investigate the optical properties of nanostructural transformations defined by atomic or continuum scale processes, which is essential for understanding the growth mechanisms of nanoparticles and algorithm-driven structural optimization towards enhanced optical properties.
DNA-Assisted Selective Electrofusion (DASE) of Escherichia coli and Giant Lipid Vesicles
Authors: Takamori Sho , Cicuta Pietro , Takeuchi Shoji , Di Michele Lorenzo
Published: August 2022

Synthetic biology and cellular engineering require chemical and physical alterations, which are typically achieved by fusing target cells with each other or with payload-carrying vectors. On one hand, electrofusion can efficiently induce the merging of biological cells and/or synthetic analogues via the application of intense DC pulses, but it lacks selectivity and often leads to uncontrolled fusion. On the other hand, synthetic DNA-based constructs, inspired by natural fusogenic proteins, have been shown to induce a selective fusion between membranes, albeit with low efficiency. Here we introduce DNA-assisted selective electrofusion (DASE) which relies on membrane-anchored DNA constructs to bring together the objects one seeks to merge, and applying an electric impulse to trigger their fusion. The DASE process combines the efficiency of standard electrofusion and the selectivity of fusogenic nanostructures, as we demonstrate by inducing and characterizing the fusion of spheroplasts derived from Escherichia coli bacteria with cargo-carrying giant lipid vesicles.
Multiphasic growth dynamics of nanoparticle ensembles
Authors: Kim Ji-Hyun , Kim Joodeok , Kim Byung Hyo , Song Sanggeun , Chun Hoje , Choi Hyesung , Jung Jae Won , Sohn Youngju , Jeong Junhyeok , Park Kunwoo , Jeon Sungho , Han Byungchan , Lee Won Chul , Kang Jingyu , Lee Minho , Hyeon Taeghwan , Sung Jaeyoung , Park Jungwon
Published: August 2022

Colloidal nanoparticles are of great interest in modern science and industry, yet the thermodynamic origin of nanoparticle formation remains a mystery and nanoparticle growth frequently exhibits nonclassical dynamics. Here, we tracked hundreds of in-situ growth trajectories of a nanoparticle ensemble using an advanced liquid-phase-TEM, and discovered that nanoparticle growth, including coalescence, exhibits monomer supply rate dependent multiphasic dynamics, unexplainable by current theories. Motivated by this finding, we developed a realistic model and statistical theories of growing nanoparticles, providing a unified, quantitative understanding of the mean and fluctuation of nanoparticle size and size-dependent growth rate across various nanoparticle systems and experimental conditions. Our work reveals that the chemical potential in a nanoparticle has a finite maximum at a critical size and exhibits a nonclassical dependence on nanoparticle size. This clear discrepancy from the classical nucleation theory (CNT) results from the strongly non-extensive free energy originating from nanoparticle motion, configurational degeneracy, and edge interaction, which were neglected in the CNT. We also uncover how this chemical potential in a nanoparticle governs formation and growth dynamics of an ensemble of nanoparticles, together with the time-dependent monomer concentration in solution.
Stereospecific Acylative Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling: A General Access to Optically Active α-Aryl Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Roh Byeongdo , Farah Abdikani Omar , Kim Beomsu , Feoktistova Taisiia , Moeller Finn , Cheong Paul Ha-Yeon , Lee Hong Geun
Published: August 2022

A novel strategy for the stereospecific Pd-catalyzed acylative cross-coupling of enantiomerically enriched alkylboron compounds has been developed. The protocol features an extremely high level of enantiospecificity to allow facile access to synthetically challenging and valuable chiral ketones and carboxylic acid derivatives. The use of a sterically encumbered and electron-rich phosphine ligand proved to be crucial for the success of the reaction. Furthermore, based on experimental and computational studies, a unique mechanism for the transmetalation of the C(sp3)-based organoboron reagent has been identified. Furthermore, based on experimental and computational studies, a unique mechanism for the transmetalation of the C(sp3)-based organoboron reagent has been identified.