bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combination Effect of Microcystins and Arsenic Exposures on CKD: A Case-Control Study in China
Authors: Gao Hong , Zhu Na , Deng Shuxiang , Du Can , Tang Yan , Tang Peng , Xu Shuaishuai , Liu Wenya , Shen Minxue , Xiao Xinhua , Yang Fei
Published: February 2023

Evidence has shown that exposure to environmental pollutants such as microcystins (MCs), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) can lead to the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a synergistic effect between MCs and Cd. However, the combined effect of MCs and As exposures on CKD remains unclear. In Hunan province, China, 135 controls and 135 CKD cases were enrolled in a case-control study. Serum MCs, plasma As and Cd concentrations were measured for all participants. We investigated the association between MCs/As and CKD risk using conditional logistic regression. The additive model explored the interaction effect, and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models investigated the combined effects of MCs, As, and Cd on CKD. The results showed that MCs and As were significantly associated with CKD risk. Participants in the highest MCs concentration had a 4,81-fold increased risk of CKD compared to those in the lowest quartile (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1,96 to 11,81). The highest quartile of As concentrations corresponded to an adjusted odds ratio of 3.40 (95% CI: 1.51, 7.65) relative to the lowest quartile. MCs/As and CKD risk exhibited significant dose–response correlations (all p for trend < 0.01). In addition, a positive interaction effect of MCs and As on CKD was also reported. The CKD risk due to interaction was 2.34 times (95% CI: 0.14, 4.54) relative to the CKD risk without interaction, and the attributable proportion of CKD due to interaction among individuals with both exposures was 56% (95% CI: 0.22, 0.91). In the BKMR, the combined effect of MCs, As, and Cd was positively associated with CKD. In conclusion, both MCs and As are independent risk factors for CKD, exerting a synergistic effect between them. Combined exposure to MCs, As, and Cd can increase the risk of CKD.
Drainage Ratio Controls Phytoplankton Abundance in Urban Lakes
Authors: Guo Weijie , Li Ziqian , Li Cai , Liu Boyi , Shi Wenqing
Published: February 2023

Urban lakes located in densely populated regions are highly vulnerable freshwater ecosystems compared to lakes in rural areas due to intense anthropogenic activities. However, the impacts of intrinsic lake morphometry on the water quality of urban lakes remain unclear. In the present study, the water quality of 14 lakes and the underlying factors associated with such quality were explored in Wuhan City, China. Of these surveyed urban lakes, 92.9% were eutrophic or hypereutrophic; phytoplankton biomass ranged between 3.2 and 62.0 mg/L and was positively correlated with drainage ratio values (catchment area/lake area) during the phytoplankton bloom season. These results are consistent with the fact that small lakes associated with a large watershed area generally exhibit high levels of areal nutrient accumulation that rise with the drainage ratio, supporting phytoplankton growth. There were no significant differences in phytoplankton diversity among lakes (p > 0.05), remaining stable at the low Shannon index of 1.9–2.9, which is possibly due to high eutrophication pressure and similar local climatic conditions across the relatively limited study area. Overall, the results of this study will provide a valuable foundation for future efforts to improve water quality management efforts for urban lakes.
Research Progress of High-Salinity Wastewater Treatment Technology
Authors: Guo Lei , Xie Yiming , Sun Wenquan , Xu Yanhua , Sun Yongjun
Published: February 2023

With the continuous expansion of industrial enterprises, a large amount of high-salt wastewater with complex components is produced. Direct discharge will cause great harm to the ecosystem and waste a large amount of potential salt resources. This paper summarizes the source, water quality characteristics, and environmental impact of high-salinity wastewater, and introduces the desalination and treatment technologies of high-salinity wastewater. The desalination technology of high-salinity wastewater mainly includes two processes: concentration and crystallization, obtaining concentrated solution through membrane concentration or thermal concentration and then carrying out crystallization treatment on the concentrated solution, thereby realizing the recovery of salt. The advanced treatment technologies of high-salinity wastewater were analyzed, including physicochemical treatment, biological treatment, and coupling treatment. Catalytic ozonation is one of the most widely used physicochemical technologies for the advanced treatment of high-salinity wastewater. Biological treatment processes operating in the presence of halotolerant bacteria show excellent performance at high salinity. High salinity has a negative impact on the performance of various physicochemical processes and biological treatment technologies. However, high salinity has little effect on the performance of a coupled system designed to treat high-salinity wastewater. In this review, the effect of salinity on the scaling and corrosion of equipment is also illustrated. It is suggested that the research direction of high-salinity wastewater should be to develop new membrane materials and catalysts, develop salt-tolerant microorganisms, explore high-efficiency and energy-saving physico–chemical–biochemical combination processes, improve the treatment efficiency of high-salinity organic wastewater, and reduce treatment costs.
Analysis of Long-Term Trend of Stream Flow and Interaction Effect of Land Use and Land Cover on Water Yield by SWAT Model and Statistical Learning in Part of Urmia Lake Basin, Northwest of Iran
Authors: Sakizadeh Mohamad , Milewski Adam , Sattari Mohammad Taghi
Published: February 2023

The water yield produced at the outlet of a sub-basin is the combination of multiple interacting land uses. In the majority of previous research, while accounting for the effect of land use and land cover (LULC) on water yield, the hydrologic components of a watershed have been attributed to the dominant land use class within that sub-basin. We adopted an approach to investigate the interaction effect of LULC on water yield (WYLD) using the Johnson–Neyman (JN) method. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was employed in the Urmia Lake Basin (ULB) to estimate the WYLD following successful calibration and validation of the model by stream flow. It was found that in each sub-basin, the effect of the soil class on the WYLD was statistically significant only when the area of rangeland was less than 717 ha and when the area of agricultural lands was less than 633 ha. On the other hand, the trend of stream flow was assessed over 70 years at two stations in the Urmia Lake Basin (ULB) using the Bayesian Estimator of Abrupt change, Seasonal change, and Trend (BEAST). The year 1991 turned out to be the most likely change point in both stations. A significant decrease in Urmia Lake’s water level started in 1995, which indicated that part of this shrinkage was most likely caused by water inflow reduction over a 4-year time delay. Besides identifying the most probable seasonal and trend change points, this method has the additional capability to analyze the uncertainty of estimated points, which was lacking in earlier methods.
Advanced Hydrologic Modeling in Watershed Scale
Authors: Liu Dengfeng , Liu Hui , Meng Xianmeng
Published: February 2023

Hydrologic modeling in the watershed scale is a key topic in the field of hydrology [...]
Multi-Reservoir Flood Control Operation Using Improved Bald Eagle Search Algorithm with ε Constraint Method
Authors: Wang Wenchuan , Tian Weican , Chau Kwokwing , Zang Hongfei , Ma Mingwei , Feng Zhongkai , Xu Dongmei
Published: February 2023

The reservoir flood control operation problem has the characteristics of multiconstraint, high-dimension, nonlinearity, and being difficult to solve. In order to better solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved bald eagle search algorithm (CABES) coupled with ε-constraint method (ε-CABES). In order to test the performance of the CABES algorithm, a typical test function is used to simulate and verify CABES. The results are compared with the bald eagle algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm to verify its superiority. In order to further test the rationality and effectiveness of the CABES method, two single reservoirs and a multi-reservoir system are selected for flood control operation, and the ε constraint method and the penalty function method (CF-CABES) are compared, respectively. Results show that peak clipping rates of ε-CABES and CF-CABES are both 60.28% for Shafan Reservoir and 52.03% for Dahuofang Reservoir, respectively. When solving the multi-reservoir joint flood control operation system, only ε-CABES flood control operation is successful, and the peak clipping rate is 51.76%. Therefore, in the single-reservoir flood control operation, the penalty function method and the ε constraint method have similar effects. However, in multi-reservoir operation, the ε constraint method is better than the penalty function method. In summary, the ε-CABES algorithm is more reliable and effective, which provides a new method for solving the joint flood control scheduling problem of large reservoirs.
A Review of Research Progress in the Preparation and Application of Ferrate(VI)
Authors: Yu Jianping , Sumita  , Zhang Kai , Zhu Qijia , Wu Chengzhang , Huang Saikai , Zhang Yunshu , Yao Sijing , Pang Weihai
Published: February 2023

Ferrate(VI) is a green and efficient water treatment agent for drinking and wastewater. It is widely used in water treatment because it has multi-functional uses such as oxidation, algae removal, disinfection, and adsorption flocculation. It does not cause secondary pollution to the environment. This paper compares ferrate(VI) with other water treatment agents and discusses three methods of preparing ferrate(VI). The removal, adsorption, and control of organic matter, algae, disinfection by-products, and heavy metal ions in water when ferrate(VI) was used as an oxidant, disinfectant, and coagulant were summarized. Ferrate(VI) has some advantages in removing toxic, harmful, and difficult-to-degrade substances from water. Due to the disadvantages of ferrate(VI) such as oxidation selectivity and instability, it is necessary to develop the hyphenated techniques of ferrate(VI). In this review, three hyphenated techniques of ferrate(VI) are summarized: ferrate(VI)–photocatalytic synergistic coupling, ferrate(VI)–PAA synergistic coupling, and ferrate(VI)–PMS synergistic coupling.
Attitudes of students of the college of business administration towards self-employment
Authors: Bazuhair Naseem Abdulghaffar Saeed
Published: February 2023

This study aims to evaluate and discuss the attitudes of business administration college students towards Self-Employment and entrepreneurship. The research community consists of male and female students studying for a master's degree at the College of Business Administration, University of Tabouk. The sample included (105) male and female students and (65) male and (40) female students from the University of Tabouk. The study tool consisted of a scale that included (20) items, and the scale consisted of two parts: a) Primary information: It is considered one of the study's variables. b) The paragraphs of the questionnaire express the extent to which the College of Business Administration students are aware of Self-Employment. The study's findings indicated that the attitudes of business administration students towards Self-Employment are very positive and high. However, according to the survey results, Self-Employment has several difficulties, including a lack of stable income, the need for adequate capital at the start of the project, and high prices of goods and services. However, still, the students' attitudes towards Self-Employment remain significantly high.
The global economic crisis against the background of the war in Ukraine: Currant realities and prospects for overcoming
Authors: Musiienko Oleg , Kapustnyk Volodymyr , Arbeláez-Encarnación Tanya Fernanda , Rojas-Bahamón Magda Julissa , Arbeláez-Campillo Diego Felipe
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the global economic crisis through the prism of the war in Ukraine, as well as to study the prospects to overcome it. The subject matter of the research is global economic crisis. Research methodology includes the use of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, including dialectical, historical, qualitative and quantitative comparison, normative and dogmatic, method of factor and structural analysis, modelling and forecasting methods. Research results. The peculiarities of the term “economic crisis” are revealed and the authors’ definition of this concept is provided. National and international statistical studies related to the economic situation in Ukraine are considered. The legislative acts and resolutions on solving the problems of the economic crisis caused by the war, adopted by Ukraine, are analyzed. Practical implementation. It is determined how the war in Ukraine affects the economic system of all countries of the world. It is concluded that the war in Ukraine negatively affects inflation fluctuations and may cause and could increase poverty in Colombia. Value/ originality. It is concluded that the war in Ukraine can be the cause of global economic crisis. The measures that will contribute to overcoming rapid development of this negative phenomenon are proposed.
The effects of blended learning on students’ achievement in a foundation english course: A study on foundation english students at TISHK University in Erbil, Iraq
Authors: Abdullsttar Sadiq Dilveen
Published: February 2023

Blended learning offers numerous opportunities for learners and teachers with the advancements in web technologies in education. This study explored the effects of blended learning on students’ achievement in Foundation English course. To this aim, 30 freshman students who were studying at TISHK International University in Erbil, Iraq were split into two groups via stratified random sampling with an intervention lasting 12 weeks in 2021-2022 Academic Year. Control group students received a traditional instruction, while experimental group were exposed to a blended learning instruction model. The data were collected through two exams on English competency, a questionnaire and an interview in this mixed methods design study. Subsequently, SPSS 27. and MAXQDA were employed to analyze the data accordingly. The findings indicated that experimental group students who took part in blended learning activities outperformed with 0.001 p-value, while the progress was not significant in control group students who took traditional instruction. Likewise, interview and questionnaire analysis unearthed that asynchronous video lessons and Google Form quizzes enhanced their English proficiency tremendously, increased their self-confidence and improved their motivation. The findings of this study may have some implications for educators who consider the implementation of blended learning in their institutions.
The situation of parasitic infection in the Patients attending to the Hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Ton Nu Phuong Anh , Ngo Thi Minh Chau , Le Chi Cao , Vo Minh Tiep , Nguyen Phuoc Vinh , Do Thi Bich Thao
Published: February 2023

Background: Parasitic and fungal disease is now a public health problem. Objective: To identify the rate of parasite infection at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 2015 to 2019. Materials and methods: Retrospective study, survey of laboratory data at the Department of Parasitology from 2015 to 2019. Results: The rates of serum positive for Fasciola sp., Taenia sp., Strongyloides sp., Toxocara sp. was 48.5%, 21.5%, 32.8%, 67.4%, respectively. Infection rates of hookworm, whipworm, strongyloidiasis, small liver fluke, Taenia sp. was 0.8%, 1.7 %, 1.0%, 2.0%, 1.7% respectively. The rate of vaginal yeast, fungal cutaneous infection was 24.2%, 41.1% respectively. Respiratory fungal infection: Candida albicans 31.7%, C. non albicans 21.6%. The rate of fungal infections of the outer ear canal: Aspergillus 54.6%, C. albicans 2.8%, C. non albicans 13%.
Conclusion: These results show that the number of parasitic tests is increasing, which corresponds to the importance role of this kind of diseases to the public health. The Parasitology Department play an important role in order for hospital to improve quality to supplying the good service for public health care
Key words: protozoa, Parasite, Fungi, Helminth, ELISA
Dynamic Analysis of Risk to Water Quality in the Baimei Reservoir Conservation Area, Fujian Province, China
Authors: Tao Yunzhu , Zhan Angshuo , Wang Zhifang , Fan Wenjie , Yao Yanjuan , Yang Siqi , Kang Tongjian
Published: February 2023

The security of drinking water resources is an important concern for human survival. The extensive use of geographic information system and remote sensing data in risk assessments of water quality from a spatiotemporal perspective can complement water resource management. In this study, we investigated Baimei reservoir conservation area, Fujian Province, China. The quantitatively inversed leaf area index was used to represent the vegetation growth condition in simulations of the hydrological process using soil and water assessment tool. According to the simulation results, the spatial distribution of the risk to water quality was mainly related to the land-use condition, and the temporal distribution of the risk to water quality was mainly related to the precipitation dynamics. Single factor analysis of various scenarios showed that uncontrolled expansion of agricultural land (scenario A) would lead to an overall average increase of 231.9% in the total nitrogen (TN) load in the basin. By contrast, if agricultural lands are all transformed into forests (scenario B), then the overall TN load in the basin would decrease by an average of 20.8%. In practical terms, conversion of sloping agricultural lands to forests (scenario C) could reduce the overall TN load by 17.0%. Thus, moderate conversion of agricultural lands to forests can reduce the pollution load effectively. The simulation results obtained for scenarios with adjustments to the fertilization time and amount showed that applying fertilizer on rainy days would increase the risk to water quality compared with days without rain. The method developed in this study can be applied for dynamic analysis in water quality risk assessments of water conservation areas and can provide a scientific reference for promoting ecological management strategies and sustainable development at the regional scale.
Managing Human–Wildlife Conflict on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Lu Tao , Huntsinger Lynn
Published: February 2023

Background:
Rapid increases in protected wildlife population can lead to increased human–wildlife conflicts, challenging conservation program sustainability. As wildlife continue to thrive and increase on the Tibetan Plateau, human–wildlife conflict is expected to be an ever-present and evolving challenge, but the negative effects of such thriving wildlife are generally overlooked.
Result:
We found that growing wildlife populations and changes in behavior can have considerable negative effects on Sustainable Development Goals and associated targets. Moreover, these negative effects will likely be intensified as a result of climate change and anthropogenic pressures.
Conclusion:
If not adequately addressed, then rebounding wildlife populations may cause or reinforce human–wildlife conflict. We urge a reconsideration of traditional approaches to human–wildlife conflict mitigation on the Tibetan Plateau that do not shy away from approaching overabundance-related conflicts directly.
Faktor-Faktor yang memengaruhi Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dalam Membayar Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Jakarta Barat
Authors: Cellynia Dhea , Marlinah Aan
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of awareness of taxpayer, tax sanctions, service quality, tax knowledge, and compliance costs towards taxpayer compliance. The methodology used in this research is primary quantitative with sampling technique using the convenience sampling method. The number of samples used in this study were 102 respondents with sample research criteria, namely taxpayers who were registered in the West Jakarta area, made their own payments, had made payments to the SAMSAT Office in the West Jakarta area, and had received tax services by tax officials. The results of data analysis show that tax sanctions and  tax knowledge has a positive effect on taxpayer compliance and awareness of taxpayer, service quality, tax socialization, and compliance costs have no effect on taxpayer compliance.
Pengaruh Diversitas Dewan Direksi dan Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan LQ45
Authors: Andrian James , Setiawan Temy
Published: February 2023

Covid 19 and the increase of Fed’s interest rates had an impact on the company’s value. Based from this phenomenon, the company value has a major role in changing the perception of the shareholders. This study is intended to show empirical evidence related to the effect of board of directors’ diversity, profitability, and growth opportunity on firm value. This study’s data uses LQ45 companies from 2018-2021 listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method is panel data regression. The results of this study conclude that there is no effect of the board of directors' diversity and growth opportunity on firm value. On the other hand, profitability has a postive influence on firm value. This study provides an opportunity for future researches to expand their knowledges and as a reference material.
Camera Trap Approaches Using Artificial Intelligence and Citizen Science (ITALIC)
Authors: Rahardja Untung
Published: February 2023

For the purpose of tracking several animal species, camera trapping is developing into a more reliable and popular technology. The idea of "citizen science"—incorporating members of the public into the research process—has been gaining momentum concurrently . As a result, millions of individuals have made contributions to research in numerous sectors. Despite early acknowledgment of camera traps' significance for public engagement, they were previously unsuited for citizen science. Academics are seeking assistance in categorizing film as a result of camera trap technological advancements that have made cameras more user-friendly, as well as the massive amounts of data that they now collect. Because of this, there are many camera trap efforts that now involve public participation, indicating that camera trap research is now a viable choice for citizen science. In order to categorize films, researchers are also applying artificial intelligence (AI). Although it has already been established that this rapidly developing field is useful, accuracy varies, Furthermore, AI does not provide the social and engagement advantages that citizen scientific endeavors provide. More attempts at fusing citizen science and AI are being suggested as a strategy to boost classification efficiency and accuracy while maintaining public interaction.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Bank Profitability with Total Assets Minimum 1 (One) Billion
Authors: Inrdriyani Siwi Nur , Irawati Ike
Published: February 2023

This research was conducted to examine the effect of variable banking ratio, funds interest rate, interest spread, fee based income ratio and inefficiency ratio of Profitability (ROA). Profitability is used to measure the effectiveness of management based on results generated from the loan repayment and investment. The ratio is important for the bank's profitability is Return On Assets (ROA). Financial ratios that affect the ROA is the banking ratio, funds interest rate, interest spread, fee based income ratio and inefficiency ratio. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with the criteria of commercial bank serving the financial statements. The analysis technique used is the classical assumption of the analysis, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis test with a level of significance of 8,841%. The results of the research simultaneously (test F) states that the banking ratio, funds interest rate, interest spread, fee based income ratio and inefficiency ratio jointly affect the profitability (ROA) of banks. While the results show that the correlation coefficient between profitability (ROA) of banks with 5(five) independent variables of 60,336%. And the result of research partially (t) states that the variable interest spread did not have a significant effect on profitability (ROA) of banks. And variable banking ratio, funds interest rate, fee based income ratio and inefficiency ratio significant effect on profitability (ROA) of banks.
HUBUNGAN KOORDINASI MATA-TANGAN, POWER LENGAN DAN PANJANG LENGAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN SERVIS PADA ATLET JUNIOR DIBAWAH USIA 18 TAHUN CLUB DI SUKOHARJO
Authors: Balfasa Safrina Audia , Azkiya M Azkal , Putri Mega Widya
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk 1. Mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan terhadap kemampuan servis pada atlet junior dibawah usia 18 tahun club di Sukoharjo, 2. Mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara power lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis pada atlet junior dibawah usia 18 tahun club di Sukoharjo, 3. Mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara panjang lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis pada atlet junior dibawah usia 18 tahun club di Sukoharjo. 4. Koordinasi mata tangan, power lengan dan panjang lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis pada atlet junior dibawah usia 18 tahun club di Sukoharjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan studi korelasi. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah atlet junior dibawah usia 18 tahun club di Sukoharjo yang berjumlah 15 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel berdasarkan tujuan dan pertimbangan tertentu. Data hasil servis diperoleh dari tes dan pengukuran dari Hewitt kemudian dianalisis menggunakan komputer program SPSS Versi 17.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan terhadap kemampuan servis sebesar 0.561 dan memberikan sumbangan relatif sebesar 19.83 % dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 14,87 %. Ada hubungan antara power lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis sebesar 0.765 dan memberikan sumbangan relatif sebesar 39,68 % dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 29,76 %. Ada hubungan antara panjang lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis sebesar 0.645 dan memberikan sumbangan relatif sebesar 25.93 % dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 19.45 %. Ada hubungan antara Koordinasi mata tangan, power lengan dan panjang lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan servis sebesar 0.812 dan memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 81,20 %. Besarnya nilai F antara koordinasi mata tangan, power lengan, dan panjang lengan terhadap kemampuan servis tenis lapangan Y adalah 15.804. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1. Ada hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan terhadap kemampuan servi. 2. Ada hubungan antara power lengan terhadap kemampuan servis. 3. Ada hubungan antara panjang lengan terhadap  kemampuan servis. 4. Ada hubungan antara koordinasi mata tangan, power lengan dan panjang lengan terhadap kemampuan servis.
KONTRIBUSI RASA PERCAYA DIRI, KECEPATAN REAKSI DAN PERSEPSI KINESTETIK DENGAN KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN TENIS MEJA PADA PEMAIN PUTERA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Akbar Andi , Hasan Muh Said
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari Kontribusi antara rasa percaya diri, kecepatan reaksi dan persepsi kinestetik dengan keterampilan bermain tenis meja. Penelitian ini melibatkan 40 sampel yang diambil oleh teknik pengambilan sampel acak purposive dan simple random sampling dari pemain tenis meja putera di Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada kontribusi positif : (a) rasa percaya diri dengan keterampilan tenis meja; (b) kecepatan reaksi dengan keterampilan dalam permainan tenis meja; (c) persepsi kinestetik dengan keterampilan dalam permainan tenis meja; dan (d) Rasa percaya diri, kecepatan reaksi, dan persepsi kinestetik secara bersama-sama dengan keterampilan permainan tenis meja. Menemukan memberikan implikasi bahwa keterampilan bermain tenis meja dapat ditingkatkan dengan meningkatkan rasa percaya diri, kecepatan reaksi, dan persepsi kinestetik.
EL PUTO DE LA RAE, EL PUTO DEL PUEBLO: PRODUCTIVIDAD Y CATEGORIZACIÓN DE PUTO, -A
Authors: Esteban Fernández Nacho
Published: February 2023

Desde 2019, la voz puto ha suscitado un interesante debate lingüístico ante la aparición de usos inéditos en los que parece funcionar como un adverbio. La literatura sobre los usos expletivos de esta palabra apunta la ausencia de estudios diacrónicos que ayuden a determinar su evolución morfosintáctica, semántica y pragmática, por lo que en este artículo se ofrece un repaso, primero, de su productividad morfológica y, en segundo lugar, de sus funciones como adjetivo y, sobre todo, como adverbio. Para ello se utilizan diversos corpus y obras de la Real Academia Española (RAE), así como ejemplos coloquiales obtenidos de Twitter. Se analizan 46 lemas formados por derivación —tres con parasíntesis y uno por prefijación—, en los que se aprecia una marcada inscripción de los roles de género, y 50 creados por composición —29 como segundo o tercer formante, de los cuales 25 proceden de la locución hijo, -a de puta, y 21 como primer formante, 14 de ellos con la forma puti-, similar a otros formantes basados en el género—. Además de los tres usos adjetivales consignados en el diccionario académico, se observa un deslizamiento de puto hacia funciones propias de los adverbios y, en algún caso, de los prefijos. La revisión permite confirmar la singularidad de puto cuando funciona como expletivo y la existencia de una continuidad entre las distintas clases de palabras.
تقويم واقع الوحدة والتنوع في انظمة تصميم الاعلان المطبوع
Authors: د. باسم عباس علي
Published: February 2023

تعد انظمة التصميم اساسا لتحقيق الوحدة والتنوع في اظهار الفكرة التصميمية  للاعلان المطبوع .

    وهي تعطي فعلا يحققه المصمم من خلال التحقق النهائي للفكرة ، وهو الاساس الذي حددت مشكلة البحث من خلال الكشف عن حقيقة ان الوحدة والتنوع شرط أساسي في بناء نظام تصميمي فاعل حيوي في الهيئة الكلية للاعلان المطبوع.

للوصول إلى النتائج المرجوة وضع هدف البحث الذي مفاده هو: تقويم واقع الوحدة والتنوع في الانظمة للاعلان المطبوع.

شملت محاور الاطار النظري تفسير فاعلية الوحدة والتنوع في الانظمة التصميمية الطباعية، أي تقويم فاعلية الوحدة والتنوع في الانطمة التصميمية.. اذ حدد منها: الوحدة، الوحدة والتنوع في الانظمة التصميمية، التنوع من خلال التقسيمات الفضائية، الانطمة التصميمية للاعلان المطبوع، الفكرة الاعلانية .

        صمم الباحث استمارة تقويم للاعلان المطبوع ، حدد الباحث العينات المنتخبة قصديا بلغت (3) ثلاث اعلانات لمناشئ متعددة من مجتمع بحث كلي البالغ (100) مائة اعلان أي بنسبة 3% من مجتمع البحث الكلي، على وفق ضرورات بررها الباحث، وكان من النتائج الآتي:

ضعف الاهتمام باشغال الرسالة الاعلانية بسبب الاهتمام باظهار الصورة الاعلانية.

الاهتمام بتعدد الاتجاه في التصميم الواحد وكثيرة الانفتاح بالفضاء نحو الخارج أو الداخل التصميمي لاعطاء توسع فضائي اكثر.

التوزيع المتكافئ للوحدات الشكلية سواء كانت الاعلى ازاء الاسفل أو العكس، الجانبين ايمن ازاء الايسر وهكذا.

اتصفت البعض من عينة البحث بايهام حركي ضمن توازنات غير متماثلة تبعا لهدف الاعلان في واحدة الخصائص الترغيبية، الاثارة والحركة.

اوصي الباحث بضرورة:

اعطاء اهمية للتقسيمات الفضائية ناتج شرطي لفاعلية الاتجاه كونها الاساس لتحقيق الوحدة والتنوع في الانظمة التصميمية.

الاكثار من المعالجات التقنية ذات الفعل الاستثنائي للشكل أو صفاته المظهرية.
تأثير تمرينات بدنية باستخدام وسائل مساعدة في بعض القدرات البدنية للاعبي الوثبة الثلاثية
Authors: ا.م.د. أحلام صادق حسين  , علي جعفر علي حمود
Published: February 2023

ان أهمية البحث تكمن باستخدام تمرينات نوعية مصاحبة للأجهزة لتطوير القدرات البدنية ومستوى الأداء للاعبي الوثبة الثلاثية، ووضع الأسس العلمية الصحيحة عند استخدام التمرينات البدنية وبذلك يسهم هذا البحث إسهاماً علمياً جاداً في دراسة واحدة من المشكلات الميدانية في فعالية الوثبة الثلاثية.

ويهدف البحث الى :

اعداد تمرينات باستخدام وسائل مساعدة تتلاءم وقدرات عينة البحث التجريبية.

إعداد تدريبات بوسائل مساعدة مختلفة لتطوير القدرات البدنية لدى لاعبي الوثبة الثلاثية.

آما فروض البحث فكانت كآلاتي :-

توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية في القدرات البدنية لعينة البحث التجريبية.

وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي على مجموعة واحدة لملاءمته طبيعة البحث لأسباب تتعلق بتحقيق أهداف الدراسة وهم من لاعبي مدرسة التخصصية لألعاب الساحة والميدان في الوثبة الثلاثية وعددهم (8) لاعبين، وقد تم تحقيق التجانس في متغيرات (الطول ، والوزن ، والعمر، لعمر التدريبي ) ، وقد استغرق المنهج ( 8 ) أسابيع وبواقع ثلاث وحدات في الأسبوع.  وقد توصل الباحث إلى الاستنتاجات الآتية :-

استخدام تمرينات ذات ردود الافعال السريعة ساهمت في استثارة  العضلات العاملة مما ساهم في تطور القدرات البدنية ضمن متطلبات فعالية الوثبة الثلاثية.

آما أهم التوصيات التي توصل أليها الباحث فهي :-

استخدام التمرينات النوعية المقترحة قيد الدراسة في برامج التـدريب لتحـسين القدرات البدنية وتطوير مستوى أداء فعالية الوثبة الثلاثية .
TALABALARGA INGLIZ TILINI O‘QITISHDA MUSTAQIL TA`LIM KO‘NIKMASINI SHAKLLANTIRISH OMILLARI
Authors: TOSHMATOV Oybek
Published: February 2023

Maqolada yuridik taʼlim muassasalarida chet tili (ingliz tili)ni o‘qitishning nazariy va amaliy ahamiyati, chet tilini o‘rganishda mustaqil taʼlimning o‘rni izohlangan bo‘lib, bo‘lajak huquqshunoslarga xorijiy tillar (ingliz tili)ni o‘qitishning zarurati, mustaqil taʼlim olish ko‘nikmasini rivojlantirishning nazariy jihatlari tahlil qilinadi. Bundan tashqari chet tilini o‘rganishda mustaqil taʼlimning roli, uning afzalliklari, mustaqil taʼlim nega kerakligi haqidagi olimlarning fikri nazariy va amaliy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi; chet tillarni o‘qitish va o‘rganishda mamlakatimiz tomonidan olib borilayotgan islohotlar, qonunlar va ularning ahamiyati haqida ham so‘z yuritiladi. Qolaversa, bo‘lajak yuristlar uchun aynan xorijiy tillarni egallashning ahamiyati, xorijiy tillarni egallashda mustaqil ta’limdan nega foydalanish kerakligi borasidagi bir necha olimlarning qarashlari nazariy jihatdan solishitirilib, tahlil qilinadi. Kredit-modul tizimiga bosqichma-bosqich o‘tishning ahamiyati, uning mustaqil ta’limdagi tutgan roli haqida mulohazalar beriladi. Natijada talabalar mustaqil ta’lim orqali orttirilgan bilim va ko‘nikmalarni amalda qo‘llash, chet tilida yuridik hujjatlarni mustaqil tuza olish kabi ko‘nikmalarga ega bo‘lishadi.
إجراء الحرف المعتل مجرى الحرف الصحيح
Authors: آل خريف محمد
Published: February 2023

يتناول البحث الحديث عن حروف العلة مبيناً ضعفها وأنها يكثر فيها التغيير والحذف بخلاف الحرف الصحيح,ولكنها في مواضع من النثر والشعر قد عوملت معاملة الحرف الصحيح وأخذت حكمه,كما في الفعل المضارع المعتل الآخر والأسماء المشتقة,وبينت أن الحرف المعتل الذي يعامل معاملة الصحيح يقع في آخر الكلمة,وقد يكون في وسطها, وحرصت في البحث على بيان تلك المواضع وحصرها,وكان ذلك في المبحث الأول. وأما المبحث الثاني فكان عن موقف النحويين من إجراء الحرف المعتل مجرى الصحيح, فمنهم من عد ذلك لغة لبعض العرب, ومنهم من أنكر هذه اللغة وجعل ما ورد من هذا القبيل من باب الضرورة الشعرية, كالخليل وسيبويه,وذهب آخرون إلى تأويل ذلك تأويلا آخر يبقي حرف العلة على وضعه ولايجري مجرى الصحيح ويرى بعض النحويين كابن مالك وابن هشام أن هذا من إجراء المعتل مجرى الصحيح.
حصاد الشعير المبكر
Authors: حمودي حسن
Published: February 2023

تم تعريف العمل في الحصاد من قبل الناس قبل بداية الزراعة، حيث كانوا يجنون النباتات البرية في العصر الحجري الذي سبق معرفة الزراعة. يعتبر الحصاد هو آخر مرحلة من مراحل العمل الزراعي التي يقوم بها الناس في الحقل. في هذه الدراسة، يرغب الباحث في تسليط الضوء على عملية حصاد الشعير في العصور المبكرة.
بواعث النقد الإجتماعي في شعر أبي إسحاق الألبيري
Authors: عزاوی محمد , أمیر أمیر , محسني بلاسم
Published: February 2023

من يطالع شعر ابي اسحاق الالبيري يجد منه اهتمَّاما واضحا بالجانب الاجتماعي، فقد كان يرى نفسه مسؤولا مسؤولية مباشرة، للتصدي لقضايا المجتمع بصدق وحرص حقيقيين، والوقوف بحزم بوجه الآفات التي نخرت المجتمع الاسلامي الاندلسي آنذاك، لكونه فقيه وعليه واجب الامر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر. فكان ابو اسحاق الالبيري ناقدا اجتماعيا صادقا، أخذ على عاتقه رصد أوجه الاختلال ونقاط الضعف التي انهكت المجتمع الاندلسي آنذاك، ووظفها في خطابه الشعري، سعياً لإنقاذ المجتمع منها، أو تحريضه على التمسك بالقيم والأعراف الاجتماعية السوية، وعدم إضعافها، لتسهم أكثر في تقوية شبكة العلاقات الاجتماعية، أو لنبذ القيم والأعراف المضادة لها، لما تشكله من أضرار على أفراده. وعلى وفق التفصيل سالف الذكر يمكننا القول ان اعتماد الالبيري للنقد الاجتماعي في شعره وراءه بواعث دفعته لتبني هذا المنهج، وهذه البواعث هي: خراب مدينة البيرة، الاوضاع السياسية والاقتصادية السيئة، والواقع الاجتماعي المتردي
نقد آراء المستشرقين في نشأة المذهب الشيعي وفق الأحاديث والروايات التاريخية
Authors: شيل سر نبي الله , سره ديني محمد , تاش عبدالحميد
Published: February 2023

خلافا للاعتقاد السائد بين الشيعة الذين يعتبرون أن نشوء التشيع وظهوره في عهد النبي() يتوافق مع ظهور الإسلام، تعتبر مجموعة من المستشرقين، بناءً على أسسهم العقائدية، يعتبر التشيع حدثاً تاريخياً بعد وفاة الرسول () ويعتبر أنه نشأ من سقيفة بني سعدة. وجماعة منهم تعتبر التشيع من اختلاق الإيرانيين وكذلك رد الفعل الحاد للروح الإيرانية ضد الهيمنة العربية الإسلامية على إيران و حتى أنهم أعلنوا أن عداء الشيعة للخليفة الثاني كان سببًا لغزو العرب المسلمين لإيران في حياتهم. يعتقد بعض المستشرقين، مع اعترافهم بالأصل العربي للشيعة، بتأثير الثقافة الإيرانية في هذا الدين ويشيرون إلى التشيع على أنه الإسلام الإيراني. حاولنا في هذا المقالة أن نثبت باستخدام آيات القرآن ونهج البلاغة والروايات والأدلة والوثائق التاريخية أن أصل الإسلام شيعي و التشييع مثل الدم الذي يسيل في عروق الإسلام وظهوره مرتبط بالسنة الثالثة من رسالة رسول الله () ويتزامن أيضًا مع شعار (قولوا لا الاه الا الله تفلحوا) و كما انتقدنا في هذا المقالة أعمال بعض المستشرقين بمظهر تحليلي- وصفي. تتمحور آراء أصل الدين الشيعي باختصار حول الآية (قولوا لا الاه الا الله تفلحوا) أو بعد وفاة النبي أو عبد الله بن سابا أو أثناء خلافة الإمام علي () أو بعد قصة تحكيم الخوارج أو بعد استشهاد الإمام الحسين () أو على يد الإيرانيين أو بعد قتل المختار أو في عهد الإمام صادق() أو في عهد غياب الصغرى أو في عهد البويه أو في حقبة الصفويين
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ НАРОДНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА НОГАЙЦЕВ СЕВЕРНОГО КАВКАЗА В ГОДЫ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Джумагулова А.Т.
Published: February 2023

Освещается проблема восстановления народного хозяйства ногайцев Северного Кавказа в контексте деятельности органов местных и региональных властей в после оккупационный период. Проанализированы сведения по восстановлению аграрного сектора и животноводства в Караногайском, Каясулинском и Ачикулакском районах. Особое внимание уделено возрождению племенного завода «Червленые буруны». Подводятся итоги восстановления хозяйственных отраслей ногайцев. Сформулирован вывод о том, что помощь, оказанная центральными и региональными властями ногайцам Северного Кавказа, позволили развить аграрный сектор и возродить животноводство. Тем не менее субъективизм отдельных руководителей и зависимость ногайцев от природных явлений и климатических условий сдерживали процесс развития и не давали достигнуть довоенного уровня.
МУСУЛЬМАНСКОЕ ДУХОВЕНСТВО КАРАЧАЯ И СОВЕТСКАЯ ВЛАСТЬ (1920-е гг.)
Authors: Семенов Б.Х.
Published: February 2023

Статья посвящена взаимоотношениям мусульманского духовенства Карачая и местных органов Советской власти в 1920-е гг. Отмечается, что в первые годы своего правления большевики позиционировали себя как сторонников мусульманских народов России, «угнетаемых» прежним имперским режимом. Новая власть неоднократно заверяла исламский социум Северного Кавказа, в том числе и Карачая, в том, что национальные права и свобода вероисповедания горских народов незыблемы и гарантируются Советской властью. Об этом свидетельствовало создание в регионе шариатских судов и соответствующего подотдела в отделе юстиции Карачаевского окружного ревкома, продолжавшееся существование исламских учебных заведений. Во многом благодаря такому либерализму часть лидеров мусульманских общин Карачая поддержали Советскую власть и начали с ней активно сотрудничать, оставив религиозную практику. Многие из них, будучи наиболее просвещенной прослойкой карачаевского общества, внесли весомый вклад в развитие просвещения и науки. После укрепления позиций Советской власти в Карачае, местные власти, следуя директивам из центра, стали отказываться от сотрудничества с бывшими эфенди и муэдзинами. Их заслуги были преданы забвению, сами они подверглись административным, а затем и уголовным репрессиям. К концу 1920-х гг. мусульманское духовенство Карачая, как социальная страта, была практически ликвидирована.
СТАЛИНГРАД: ПОСЛЕДНИЙ ЭТАП ОБОРОНИТЕЛЬНЫХ СРАЖЕНИЙ
Authors: Бадаева Л.А.
Published: February 2023

Сталинградская битва была самым решающим сражением в Великой Отечественной войне. От ее исхода зависел итог всей войны. Сейчас открыты архивы, в свободном доступе находятся материалы, еще недавно находившиеся под грифом «секретно», появляются интересные, с точки зрения новизны подходов, монографии по данному периоду. Но, несмотря на все это, «белых пятен» меньше не становится, напротив, чем больше узнаешь о том или ином эпизоде в битве под Сталинградом, тем больше появляется неожиданных вопросов. Они касаются максимальной продуманности планов операций, тактики и стратегии в отношении наступательных и оборонительных позиций, качества снабжения боеприпасами и продовольствием, переброски резервных частей, а также морального духа советских бойцов. В данной статье речь пойдет об осеннем раунде в битве за Сталинград. На широком документальном материале показаны основные бои за период с октября по ноябрь 1942 года.
PERANCANGAN KEMASAN YANG MENARIK PADA UMKM KERUPUK KULIT
Authors: Afif Hakim
Published: February 2023

Penampilan luar produk erat kaitannya dengan kemasan produk. Fungsi utama kemasan adalah melindungi isi produk dari udara/lingkungan luar agar tetap pada kualitas yang baik. Selain fungsi utama tersebut, sebagai bagian paling luar dari suatu produk, kemasan juga sebaiknya didesain sangat menarik agar calon konsumen melirik untuk membeli produk tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode pemaparan materi secara langsung kepada para karyawan kerupuk kulit APHE. Hasil posttest pemahaman peserta sebanyak 83% peserta faham dengan materi yang disampaikan dan sebanyak 100% mereka setuju pernyataan bahwa kemasan yang menarik akan lebih meningkatkan minat calon pelanggan untuk membeli produk. Kemasan yang disarankan untuk produk kerupuk kulit APHE adalah bahan plastik yang standar food grade (saat ini sudah dilaksanakan), perekat yang rapat dan menutupi celah yang mungkin muncul, dan label yang manarik dan informatif
Analysis of Hydrogen Production Methods Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: McKenzie Lucy R , Lee Denise , Amoako-Attah Joseph
Published: February 2023

The ever-growing evidence of climate emergency continues to drive the need for innovative solutions to reduce the release of anthropogenic harmful gases. Continuing to heavily rely on energy originating from fossil fuels remains non-sustainable owing to their limited, exhausting supplies, dependence on politically insecure sources and adverse environmental impacts. These considerations, coupled with the current desperate need for energy security, have driven research towards finding cleaner alternatives. Hydrogen has the potential to reduce 5Gt of CO2 emissions annually, create 30 million new jobs and power over 400 million cars by 2050. However, for hydrogen to be justified and to be successful in feeding the world's appetite for energy, its full life cycle, including its production methods, is required to be safe, efficient, affordable and environmentally benign. This paper aims to review the status of the potential hydrogen production methods that have strong eligibility within the UK and facilitate the much-required wider discussion around hydrogen by employing a multi-disciplinary approach. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been employed to allow for pairwise comparisons of decision criteria and ranks decision alternatives using expert knowledge. Six hydrogen production methods (Green Electrolysis, SMR, ATR, POX, Anaerobic Digestion and Gasification) were chosen for review against nine parameters to determine which hydrogen production method(s) present most viable for the UK to aid in decarbonising the energy system. Collating performance scores against relevant parameters from industry experts allowed for a non-bias, holistic view of the production methods. Green electrolysis was found to be the better method (score 131) when assessed against all but one parameter, resulting in the method being considered the most viable option for the UK, however, considerations are to be made for electrolyser longevity and cost. SMR scored second most viable option (score 125), however, despite presenting as an effective production method for the UK based on the performance scores, this does not reflect the current deployment or construction rate of SMR with CCS projects in the UK. ATR (score 114) and POX (score 116) carry similar characteristics and subsequently scored similarly in performance scores. Anaerobic digestion (score 104) and gasification (score 101) scored amongst the lowest as their challenge is to scale in order to reach government goals as set out in the Government Hydrogen Strategy. 
Evaluation in den Geisteswissenschaften. : Editorial
Authors: Axtner-Borsutzky Anna
Published: February 2023

Das Evaluieren von akademischer Lehre, Forschung und Verwaltung avancierte im Zuge förderpolitischer Entwicklungen der zurückliegenden Jahrzehnte über alle disziplinären Grenzen hinweg zu einer der zentralen akademischen Arbeitstätigkeiten.1 Im speziellen
Kontext geisteswissenschaftlicher Fächer stellt sich die Frage, was ,Evaluieren‘ im Sinne des ,organisierten Bewertens‘2 bedeutet, welche Funktionen der Praxis in diesem Kontext zukommen, welche Methoden dabei angewandt werden, welche Anträge, Personen,
Einrichtungen evaluierbar sind oder gemacht werden können. Denn die Praxis des Evaluierens wurde zunächst in den Naturwissenschaften ausgeprägt und die Standards auf deren spezifische Bedarfe, die von den geisteswissenschaftlichen abweichen, profiliert. Darunter fallen quantifizierbare
Methoden, Skalierungen und Messungen, die auf bestimmte Thesen und zu erwartende Ergebnisse hin ausgewertet werden.
Boerhaave syndrome in our midst. Presentation of 2 cases and review of the national literature.
Authors: Carbonell Morote S , Ruiz de la Cuesta García Tapia E , Gracia Alegría E , Ramia JM
Published: February 2023

El síndrome de Boerhaave (SB) o rotura espontánea del esófago es una causa rara de perforación esofágica pero asociada a una elevada mortalidad. Asociado a un vómito profuso, su diagnóstico exige un alto índice de sospecha. La morbilidad y mortalidad asociada está directamente asociada al diagnóstico precoz donde el tratamiento quirúrgico inicial es el que mejor resultados obtiene. Aunque hay series internacionales publicadas no existe hasta la fecha ninguna revisión de la literatura nacional. Presentamos una revisión nacional de los casos de SB desde 1989 hasta la fecha actual y dos casos propios.
Variations of the pancreatic glandular contour: image that can simulate a pancreatic neoplasm.
Authors: Rodríguez Sanz MB , Moreno Racionero F , Aguado De Benito A , Guilarte Hernandez H , Louredo Méndez AM
Published: February 2023

Existen numerosas variaciones de la forma, talla y del contorno del parénquima pancreático. El páncreas izquierdo se encuentra en el epiplón pancreato-esplénico. Según el desarrollo de este epiplón y su comunicación con el epiplón espleno-gástrico, la cola del páncreas puede ser más o menos móvil y ocupar espacios variables en el hipocondrio izquierdo; esto va a permitir formas originales: páncreas plano, concavidad inferior, en gancho anterior o posterior, etc, incluso se puede observar en ocasiones un páncreas bífido.

Existen pocos artículos publicados que describan las variaciones del contorno del páncreas; por tal motivo, el objetivo de este artículo es la revisión de las diferentes variantes anatómicas que podemos encontrar durante las exploraciones radiológicas que se efectúan por diferentes motivos que pueden semejar tumoraciones neoplásicas.