bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virtual Dream Reality Check: A Case of Interactive Digital Theatre from the Royal Shakespeare Company
Authors: Lennox Gabrielle , Mason Hannah
Published: November 2021

The proliferation of digital theatre signals a new era of theatrical experiences. The Royal Shakespeare Company's (RSC) Dream is a recent example of how theatre companies are integrating cutting-edge technology to revolutionise their performances. Emerging from the Audience of the Future (AF) program, Dream combined gaming and theatre technology to create a virtual world for audiences to inhabit and explore digitally. The production incorporated motion-capture technology and Virtual Reality (VR) headsets, allowing seven actors to perform live from a purpose-built studio while audiences simultaneously accessed their performance from a compatible device via a bespoke website (https://dream.online). The resulting experience combined live and virtual performance elements to connect global audiences.This venture into technologically enhanced theatre, however, raises questions about the potential implications of audience engagement with digital productions. In this paper, we question how RSC's Dream combined both live and virtual theatre experiences to offer a more interactive viewing experience. We argue that while Dream signalled an exciting step in the development of digital theatre, the interactive features revealed some discrepancies between RSC's goals and the degree of involvement delivered. We thus contend that for theatre organisations to incorporate digital technologies, they must tend to the nuances of technological interventions and weave them seamlessly with theatrical elements to retain the fidelity of the theatre experience.
As Uncanny As a Body
Authors: Kalaitzidi Irini
Published: November 2021

‘As uncanny as a body’ is a video work which documents the constant transition of a dancing body from an abled human state into a glitched, injured, nonhuman one. Based on the development and use of a GAN model, the visual data of a dancer are processed, and figures that manifest this in-between state are produced. What happens when AI is not used in order to optimise the performance of the dancer but rather to generate body types and movements lying beyond fixed standards and classifications? How does a poorly trained AI model affect our perception of the body and the body itself? Does it remain human in all its smudges, cracks and distortions? Dance, as a practice that entails the act of change, offers the ground to study a body's possible becomings while undergoing the application of machine learning. 'As uncanny as a body' speculates upon AI-induced injuries in order to discuss trauma, to connect familiarity to uncanniness, and to raise questions about the witnessing and acknowledgment of our gaze.
An Initial Agent-Based Model for E-scooter Accommodation into Existing Urban Streetscapes
Authors: Gumble Hannah , Wise Sarah
Published: November 2021

New forms of mobility reshape the transportation landscape, changing movement for both their users and others in the environment. The transition period during which novel forms of travel are being explored can be a challenging time while the use of spaces must be renegotiated. E-scooters, which have recently been more widely introduced to the UK, are experiencing such a moment as riders, planners, and other users of the streetscape are determining what role this technology will play in communities. The data gaps surrounding e-scooters can make this an especially difficult question for planners because of the cost of gathering relevant observational data, much of which is held under private company ownership. In light of this, this work presents an agent-based model developed to examine the integration of e-scooters into existing streetscapes. Agent-based models explore phenomena through focusing on individual behaviour and rules which in turn gives rise to emergent large scale patterns. These patterns can be dissected and interrogated with a variety of tools, allowing us to tease out individual as well as group experiences of different scenarios. An agent-based approach allows us to capture the individual behaviours of e-scooter users and those of cyclists, drivers of variously sized vehicles, pedestrians, and others present in the environment. By focusing on the interactions of these various street users, we can explore how different approaches to e-scooter integration may fare relative to varying street configurations. Their decision frameworks are informed by observational studies of e-scooter users in order to augment the available data. We discuss the current state of understanding e-scooter behaviour and the potential modelling applications, present an initial behavioural framework of e-scooter decision making and inter-modal interactions, and highlight some preliminary results examining the differences between e-scooters operating on roads versus shared segregated cycle lanes. The work concludes with a case study comparing two modelled scenarios, one including a segregated cycle lane and one without. Drawing upon metrics such as the route segmentation/ cut-off rate and average travel comfort, we can more precisely explore how new forms of mobility will influence different kinds of street users in order to better understand the trade-offs associated with different paths forward.
The (im-)mobile e-bike: infrastructural components of an emerging micromobility practice
Authors: Edberg Karin
Published: November 2021

Electrically assisted cycling, e-biking, is a growing global phenomenon. Just as with other vehicles, the e-bike is operated somewhere in place and in connection to other road users, and is far from always in motion. In this article, e-biking and related activities such as parking and storing take centre stage together with infrastructures such as parking spaces and electricity networks, which facilitate and constrain the practice in different ways. The involvement of a specific set of elements makes e-biking a practice in its own right, not only in comparison to other micromobility modes such as conventional cycling and walking, but also compared to motorised driving and in relation to infrastructure, and especially so when the e-bike is in non-motion.The starting point of the article is an understanding that practices such as e-biking are connected not only to other practices, but also to small- and large-scale infrastructures and to the context within which it is performed. The empirical material was collected in semi-urban and urban settings in Sweden, a country where cycling is presented as a primary solution to reach net zero emissions of greenhouse gases by 2045 but where the car is by far the dominant mode of personal transport. By analysing interviews and diaries written by e-bikers as well as policy documents, the relationship between e-biking and surrounding infrastructures comes under scrutiny. Insufficient cycle parking infrastructures are shown to discourage usage beyond trips between two places with (known) safe parking possibilities. This avoidance of linking practices risks limiting the range of activities for which e-bikes are used.An increased knowledge of the infrastructural and situational conditions of e-biking as set out in this article can facilitate planning and policy making and is important to better understand the challenges and opportunities involved in the transition towards a sustainable transport system and therefore highly relevant to contemporary debates.
Scooter Stories: User and Non-User Experiences of a Shared E-Scooter Trial
Authors: Speak Anna , Taratula-Lyons Monique , Clayton William , Shergold Ian
Published: November 2021

E-scooters are the fastest-growing form of micro-mobility, riding a wave of popularity in recent years; in may cities, they have sparked something akin to an urban personal mobility revolution. Despite their popularity, e-scooters raise several challenges for policymakers and transport providers, and are a divisive mode on the streets. Reports of conflict and tension around e-scooters' safety are common. In addition, there are questions about what mode trips e-scooters are substituting. However, to date there remain few academic studies into user and non-user experiences. This study focused on a UK e-scooter trial, using a mixed methods approach to collect data from 222 participants. The focus of this paper's analysis is on participants' qualitative "scooter stories", supported by quantitative data that provides broader insight into the scooters' use and demographic patterns. We find that on the positive side, e-scooters are useful, affordable, enjoyable and flexible; they provide a viable alternative to some urban car trips and can be linked to active travel. However, whist scooters are sometimes replacing car trips, they are more often substituting walking or cycling, a challenging finding from a health and sustainability perspective. E-scooters exacerbate conflicts between users of urban space: we explore legality, safety of riders and non-riders, impacts on pavement and road space, intoxicated riding, and more. We present our findings in the context of sustainable urban mobility policy, making recommendations for policymakers and other stakeholders seeking to mitigate the impacts of e-scooters, and harness the sustainable mobility benefits of this popular new mode.
Lessons from the Pandemic: Methodological Notes
Authors:   Katanov Khakass State University, Abakan, Russian Federation, Ibragimov Radiy
Published: November 2021

Pandemic COVID-19 affected the crisis in many areas of public life – in the economy, politics, family, consumer relations, and culture. It has become a challenge for social sciences, especially for sociology. If in other areas of social research, the meaningful gaps can still be compensated by speculations, the increase in sociological knowledge without empirical research is simply impossible. But in the face of restriction of full-time communications, the use of a number of methods and techniques is either completely impracticable or requires significant procedural correction. In addition, the need to correct the content of sociological representation of the total and local objects becomes obvious. The way, the society as a whole, its subsystems, institutes and cohorts, face the pandemic, requires reformulating the axiomatics, and hypothesis of sociological research. Within the frames of this article, the author focuses on several themes, which relevance is aggravated with shifts in social life caused by the pandemic. The first theoretical and methodological “lesson” is the need to rethink the paradigmatic ratio of illusion / objectivity of social law, since there is no secret that the objective contamination of the population is in close connection with the intensity of generating the spread of various prejudices in the public consciousness. The second “lesson” affects the disciplinary status of sociology of medicine, the significance of which in the regulation of social functioning has immeasurably increased. In this regard, the perception of people as a population is a kind of demand for the paradigm status in terms of the sociology of medicine. The third “lesson” is associated with the problem of the rationality of social behavior of a person, because the social design of the pandemic stroke seriously shakes confidence in the sanity of a man. The fourth “lesson” is an attempt to bring in methodological character into the suspicion of the scenario nature of the unfolding global pandemic. Any scenario has its own scriptwriter who has something to say about social laws in general and about the nature of human capital in particular.
The Idea of Progress in the Context of Modern Discourse
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Kondratyeva Maria
Published: November 2021

The article explores the idea of social progress in the context of the history of human society. The author considers the concept of progress in interrelation with the three revolutions. The first revolution was an agrarian one, which established the dominant religious consciousness and dependence on the divine intervention. Accordingly, the idea of progress as opposed to the perfection of God was not dominant. The world of nature is born, develops, and dies. This approach prevailed for about seven thousand years: from the first civilizations to the XV - XVIII centuries. According to the Judeo-Christian tradition, after the fall, the world fell away from God. This understanding corresponds to the primordial approach and is also opposite to the idea of progress. In the Renaissance, the secularization of consciousness and culture begins. Culture and values are formed on the basis of religious Judeo-Christian values, but a man becomes the bearer and guarantor of these values. The ideas of humanism and worshipping of a human being as the main creator are reflected in philosophy, art, and painting. In accordance with this approach, the idea of progress is born. The idea of progress is fully formed and takes possession of the masses in the age of Enlightenment. During this period, the industrial revolution is taking place. In European culture, the primacy of rationality, machine labor and equality is asserted. But at the same time, the industrial revolution entailed many social crises that are still relevant today. The United States and Europe were gradually able to overcome the challenges of the industrial revolution and create a system of “capitalism with a human face”, while partially imposing their system on other countries where production is cheaper. Therefore, the problems of the so-called “wild capitalism” still take place in the third world countries. By the middle of the XX century, science became the leading factor in manufacturing. Society is changing from industrial to post-industrial. The article focuses on the problems and opportunities of the modern post-industrial society with all the accumulated baggage of the previous stages of development. Humanity has achieved great technological success, and the scientific and technological revolution has brought material benefits to society. But at the same time, the consumer society creates many problems. What is progress in the context of modern discourse? The answer to this question is the purpose of this article.
Deception in Modern Society: A Method of Adaptation or a Trait of Personality?
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation, Chukhrova Marina ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Russian Federation, Fil Tatyana ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Russian Federation
Published: November 2021

The article presents a philosophical and psychological analysis of the psychodynamics of deceit, as a specific phenomenon determined by personal qualities. The results of the study are presented on the basis of a questionnaire developed by the authors to self-evaluate the admissibility of a lie. Students of both sexes participated (156 people between the age of 17-25). Three groups of subjects were identified, 30 people in each: group 1, with a negative attitude to lies; group 2: people who admit to lying in some cases, and group 3: people who admit to lying in all its manifestations. Personality factors in these groups were compared using the Kattel 16 PF questionnaire. People with different permissibility of lying and falsehood have different psychotypes. People who categorically deny and do not tolerate lies and deceit have high self-control of their behavior, severity and rigidity, while they are internally timid, aloof, tense, overly careful, avoid stress, and have a narrow life perspective. A person who admits falsehood in some cases and situations is conformal, dependent, not always confident in himself, often preoccupied with problems, emotionally unstable, often tense. There is a struggle between conscientiousness and falsehood; provoked by emotional instability and the lack of a “moral core” that does not allow the expression of one’s own opinion. Respondents representing the openly deceitful type reveal emotional balance, flexible intelligence, sociability, good memory and variable creative thinking. In the selected groups, there are different ways of resisting stress. It is shown that the adaptability of people from group 3 is higher than that of people from 1 and 2. The permissibility of lying is positively correlated with resilience to stress, and the inadmissibility of lying is associated with low stress tolerance. It follows from this that falsehood is embedded in the structure of the personality as an adaptive strategy. The authors state that falsehood is an adaptive phenomenon that facilitates survival in society.
Representações sociais do trabalho para trabalhadores informais
Authors: Silva de Valentim Vinicius , Cavaler Camila Maffioleti , Castro Amanda , Cassiano Longen Willians
Published: November 2021

Objetivou-se identificar as representações sociais do trabalho para trabalhadores informais. Participaram do estudo 20 trabalhadores do Sul de Santa Catarina, Brasil, todos maiores de 18 anos e que exercessem o trabalho informal a pelo menos um ano. Para a coleta de dados, fez-se uso de entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados foram examinados pela Análise de Conteúdo, compondo 5 temas, que abrangeram 17 elementos temáticos: “dificuldades do trabalho informal”, “trabalho como um meio para um fim”, “condições de trabalho”, “desvalorização do trabalhador” e “motivos para o exercício do trabalho informal”. Parte dos trabalhadores apontam vantagens do trabalho informal, mas a maioria relata dificuldades como ausência de direitos trabalhistas, dificuldades financeiras e desvalorização social. O conteúdo é marcado pela flexibilidade do trabalho informal, pela insegurança financeira e romantização do trabalho excessivo.
Voluntariado, Certificación de Competencias y Empleabilidad: Evaluación del Programa VOL+
Authors: Cedena de Lucas Beatriz , Pieper Maida , Arco-Tirado José Luis
Published: November 2021

Este estudio presenta los resultados de la evaluación del programa VOL+ desarrollado por la Plataforma del Voluntariado de España (PVE). El objetivo de VOL+ consiste en mejorar el perfil de empleabilidad de los trabajadores mediante la certificación de siete competencias transversales a cualquier actividad de voluntariado. Los altos niveles de desempleo de nuestro país, exacerbados por la crisis sanitaria de la COVID-19, recomiendan el desarrollo y la evaluación de programas como VOL+. La muestra está compuesta por personas voluntarias (N = 37) que participaron en el programa durante dos meses en 2020, procedentes de 19 organizaciones. El 83,7% son mujeres con una edad media para toda la muestra de 36,36 años (SD=10,77) y un rango de 18 a 57 años. La técnica de muestreo utilizada ha sido selección por conveniencia (Martínez, 1995). El programa incluye un diseño preexperimental con un único grupo de intervención. Los resultados del modelo de regresión estadísticamente significativo (R² de McFadden = 0,280) sugieren que el programa, si se implementa con fidelidad, puede contribuir de manera efectiva a la mejora de la empleabilidad. Finalmente, se identifican diferentes fuentes de amenaza a la validez interna y externa para mejorar el impacto de futuras replicaciones.
Martín-Cabello, Antonio (2021): Sociedad, cultura y globalización. Madrid: Síntesis
Authors: Gómez Franco Tomás
Published: November 2021

Los procesos de globalización, y últimamente de los de una supuesta desglobalización, han sido abordados desde muy diversas ópticas y por gran cantidad de autores. En este caso, Sociedad, cultura y globalización se presenta dentro de la nueva colección de la editorial Síntesis: “Estudios y Relaciones Internacionales”, dirigida por el catedrático Pedro A. Martínez Lillo. La obra es un pequeño manual introductorio destinado, en especial, a los alumnos de Relaciones Internacionales, pero también a los de otras disciplinas de Ciencias Sociales, e incluso a cualquier persona interesada en la materia; que pretende acercar algunos aspectos de la globalización que en otros textos de Relaciones Internacionales se tratan de un modo más tangencial. Los movimientos de población, la cultura o, entre otros temas, las desigualdades producidas por la globalización son su principal foco de interés.
Cine y el silencio de las armas. Un nuevo relato cinematográfico para el final de las FARC y la continuidad del conflicto en Colombia (2010-2017)
Authors: Díaz-Maroto Isidro Aitor
Published: November 2021

Con la firma de los Acuerdos de La Habana y el Acuerdo del Teatro Colón en 2016, Colombia iniciaba un nuevo camino sin el protagonismo de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP). Con el paso de los años, diferentes grupos han demostrado que la violencia no ha terminado. El cine de ficción patrio fue desarrollando un relato histórico durante los años de negociación y primeros pasos de la paz que ponía el acento en una serie de cuestiones que, hasta el momento, habían sido poco o nada tratadas. Partiendo de esta hipótesis, este trabajo cuenta como objetivo el análisis de tres ejemplos (La Playa D.C., Estrella del Sur y Matar a Jesús) para identificar dicho relato histórico y analizar su desarrollo y características. Este análisis se realizará atendiendo a los siguientes aspectos: tema (tramas y género), acción (desarrollo de la historia), lugares (escenarios donde se desarrolla la acción), personajes (protagonista, antagonista y su relación) y datos técnicos (fecha, dirección, recaudación y número de espectadores). Al realizarlo, se concluye que este cine, al representar puntos de vista no tratados y repensar otros ya mostrados, apuesta por continuar representando la violencia y sus consecuencias, antes que adentrarse en la construcción de la paz.
Roteiro para vídeo-devolutivas de relatórios actigráficos v1
Authors: Vartanian Daniel
Published: November 2021

Este protocolo foi criado para a criação de vídeo-devolutivas de relatórios actigráficos relacionados a pesquisas do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Sono (GIPSO). Ele pode também ser utilizado por qualquer pessoa que queira realizar uma vídeo-devolutiva. Para dúvidas ou sugestões, adicione comentários no próprio protocolo ou entre em contato em gipso@usp.br.
Dengue Virus Non-structural (NS) 1 Gene as A Molecular Marker for Early Detection of in vitro Dengue Virus Infection
Authors: A Rahman Nur Azizah , Moh Djamil Fadhilah , Balasubramaniam Vinod RMT , Syed Hassan Sharifah , Yap Wei Boon
Published: November 2021

Serology-based dengue assays at times produce inaccurate results especially in the early phase of disease onset. A more precise diagnostic approach detecting dengue infections in the early phase enables better management of the disease. This helps reduce dengue-associated morbidity and mortality. Besides, an early diagnosis of dengue is also very beneficial in a dengue outbreak and in endemic regions. In this light, this study aimed to determine the potential of the dengue virus (DENV) non-structural 1 (NS1) gene as an early detection biomarker. The cytopathic effects (CPE) were monitored and the cell death of DENV serotype-2 (DENV2)-infected Vero cells was evaluated for fourteen consecutive days. Only Lemos and in-house NS1-specific primer pairs showed positive amplifications in the preliminary primer validation. Thus, both of the primer pairs were then used to amplify the NS1 gene from the infected cells. The NS1 gene was detected as early as day-2 post-infection using the in-house primers. There was no amplicon produced using the Lemos primers. This is speculated to be attributable to the relatively lower complementarity of the primer sequences with that of the template and low amount of viral mRNA in the DENV2-infected cells. Conclusively, the DENV NS1 gene is a potential early detection marker, however, the NS1-specific primers should be pre-validated to ensure a reliable dengue diagnosis.
Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Acacia and Citrus Honeys on Cholesterol Induced Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Bilal , Shabir Ahmad Rabia , Arshad Muhammad Umair , Imran Ali , Imran Muhammad
Published: November 2021

During the last decade, scientific investigations have put more focus on diet based therapies to prevent numerous maladies especially hypercholesterolemia and related disorders. Current project was designed to discover the nutraceutical worth of natural unifloral honeys from Acacia nilotica (Desi Kikar) and Citrus limetta (Mosambi) against hypercholesterolemia. Initially both honey varieties were analyzed for TPC and TFC, followed by DPPH and FRAP assays. Afterwards, honey drinks were prepared using different concentrations of Acacia and Citrus honeys (10:20:30 g/250 mL water) and were tested in experimental rat model. Initially the rats were provided with high cholesterol diet (2%) to induce hypercholesterolemia, which were then provided with honey drinks for 8 weeks. These were monitored regularly for feed and water intake and weekly for body weight gain. The blood samples for total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglyceride levels as well as safety assessment tests were analyzed at the intervals of 0, 28, and 56 days, which showed that Acacia honey was better in terms of antioxidant potential (DPPH, FRAP, and TPC) than the Citrus honey. Feed and drink intakes along with body weight gain showed significant effect among all the experimental groups. Substantial reduction in cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides was observed in G3 (213.82±3.36 to 183.95±3.02 mg/dL), (150.05±2.30 to 125.44±3.32 mg/dL) and (163.24±4.87 to 133.64±4.75 mg/dL), respectively, from 0 to 56th day. Liver and kidney functioning values decreased within the normal range. Owing to strong antioxidant potential, Acacia honey was proved to be more effective in controlling hypercholesterolemia than the Citrus honey.
Bochdalek hernia in an adult patient in the disguise of hydropneumothorax - A diagnostic interrogation
Authors: S Kanugula , RR Vedula
Published: November 2021

Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are most common postero laterally which are called as Bochdalek hernias. They are very rare to occur in adults. Here we present a case of 50-year-old male who presented with acute respiratory distress with suspected diagnosis of hydropneumothorax which was later confirmed as left sided Bochdalek hernia. The defect was surgically repaired using a PTF mesh, after returning the contents of hernia into abdomen. This communication emphasizes the need to detect diaphragmatic hernia disguised as hydropneumothorax to avoid fatal complications.
Integrating Resources of M. Spivak’s Systemic Approach, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Cultural-Historical Psychology in Addressing Challenges of Reforming Residential Institutions for Psychiatric Patients in Russia
Authors: Sisneva M.E.
Published: November 2021

2016, the Russian Federation started a reform of residential institutions for psy¬chiatric patients. An essential condition of its success is reintegration of patients into society, which implies development and implementation of effective psychosocial rehabilitation programs. Materials and Methods. In 2018, an integrated rehabilita¬tion program was developed and implemented for the first time in Psychoneurologi¬cal Residential Institution No. 22 in Moscow. The program integrated the principles and methods of M. Spivak’s systemic approach, cultural-historical psychology, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. The rehabilitation group included 12 patients with chronic mental disorders and disabilities who had resided in the institution for 3 to 16 years. The total duration of the program was 6 months. An expert assessment of the participants’ psychological and social competencies in the major life areas (housing and everyday life; work and employment; hygiene; interpersonal relations; hobbies and leisure) was carried out before and after the rehabilitation program, using Spivak’s diagnostic scales. Results. A study of the integrated rehabilitation program effectiveness showed a statistically significant improvement in the patients’ competencies in the major life areas. Follow-up of the dynamics within the follow¬ing 3 years upon the program completion revealed positive changes in their social adaptation. Output. A preliminary conclusion could be made that the proposed in¬tegrated rehabilitation program might be effective for shaping and training of social skills that increase the patients’ autonomy, as well as for overcoming self-limiting attitudes and avoidance strategies resulting from their negative experience of social “defeats” and institutional experience of learned helplessness. Each of the three in-tegrated approaches contributed to achieving the rehabilitation objectives. Further research with larger samples is needed.
A Dissonant Education: Marching Bands and Indigenous Musical Traditions at Sherman Institute, 1901–1940
Authors: Veerbeek Vincent
Published: November 2021

At the end of the nineteenth century, the US government established a system of off-reservation boarding schools in an effort to assimilate Indigenous youth into the American nation-state. Music emerged as one of the most enduring strategies that these schools employed to reshape the cultural sensibilities of young Native Americans. A lively music culture could be found, for instance, at Sherman Institute in Riverside, California, which was home to a marching band and dozens of other music groups throughout its history. Although school officials created these institutions for the purposes of assimilation and cultural genocide, this music program often had a more ambiguous place in the lives of students. To understand the role of music within Sherman Institute during the early twentieth century, this article examines the school’s marching band and the place of Indigenous cultural expression. While the school had students march to the beat of civilization, young Native Americans found various strategies to combat assimilation using the same instruments. At the same time, they also used the cultures of their communities to navigate life in an environment that the government created to destroy those very cultures.
PHARMACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF LABORATORY GROWN CULTURES OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW AND FUTURE POSSIBILITIES
Authors:   Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, Chauhan Ritu , Chauhan Abhishek ,   Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tripathi Ashutosh ,   Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, Ranjan Anuj ,   Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, Chauhan Subhash C. ,   STCECR, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA, Jindal Tanu ,   Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India,   Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 pandemic has taught the world researchers the urgent need for new sources and novel pharmaceuticals not only for existing diseases but also for both seasonal epidemics and future pandemics. Pharmaceutical drug discoveries for the past fifty years depended deeply on the procedure of empirical transmission of a huge number of pure bioactive compounds to provide new leads. The screening of extracts or isolating compounds is a common way to discover novel biologically active molecules. Most of the valuable Blue-Green algal metabolites are concentrated in their biomass. For existence in nature, Blue-Green algae (BGA) secrete and contain various organic substances like proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, pigments, primary and secondary metabolites, and these compounds are explored for potential biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral (including the anti-SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19), anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, protease inhibitory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, etc. Due to their diverse application, pharmaceutical companies have shown commercial interest in the Blue-green algal group for the discovery and development of novel molecules to combat deadly diseases for the benefit of society and mankind. The current review paper highlights and discusses the diverse pharmaceutical potential of laboratory-grown cultures of BGA along with comprehensive and current knowledge on bioactive compounds discovered by researchers globally.
QUASISPECIES FEATURE IN SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Institute of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SoA University, Odisha, India & Former Director, ICAR-DFMD, Mukteswar, Nainital, India and FAO Ref Centre for FMD in South Asia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Pattnaik Bramhadev , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa ,   ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Sridevi Rajangam ,   ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Yadav Mahendra P. ,   Former Vice Chancellor, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, Shivamallu Chandan ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka-570015, India, Kollur Shiva Prasad ,   Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru, Karnataka, India, Dharmashekar Chandan ,   Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka-570015, India, Patil Sharanagouda S. ,   ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Published: November 2021

Since the identification of the SARS-CoV-2, genus Beta- Coronavirus, in January 2020, the virus quickly spread in less than 3 months to all continents with a susceptible human population of about a 7.9billion, and still in active circulation. In the process, it has accumulated mutations leading to genetic diversity. Regular emergence of variants of concern/significance in different ecology shows genetic heterogeneity in the base population of SARS-CoV-2 that is continuously expanding with the passage of the virus in the vast susceptible human population. Natural selection of mutant occurs frequently in a positive sense (+) single-stranded (ss) RNA virus upon replication in the host. The Pressure of sub-optimal levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies and also innate immunity influence the process of genetic/ antigenic selection. The fittest of the mutants, that could be more than one, propagate and emerge as variants. The existence of different lineages, clades, and strains, as well as genetic heterogeneity of plaque purified virus population, justifies SARS-CoV-2 as ‘Quasispecies’ that refers to swarms of mutant sequences generated during replication of the viral genome, and all mutant sequences may not lead to virion. Viruses having a quasispecies nature may end up with progressive antigenic changes leading to antigenic plurality that is driven by ecology, and this phenomenon challenges vaccination-based control programs.
ROLE OF COPPER METAL AND BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH ENTEROBIASIS
Authors:   University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq, wathah Esraa , Al-Hadraawy Saleem Khteer ,   University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq
Published: November 2021

The primary goal of this study was to determine the effect of copper in patients with Enterobius vermicularis infection, as well as its association with IgE and TRFC. The study was carried out with 583 suspected and thirty healthy respondents of the same age who visited the AL-Zahra maternity and pediatrics laboratory, AL-Hakeem hospital, in AL-Najaf province(Iraq) from July 2020 to June 2021. This study aimed to estimate the level of copper, IgE, and TRFC in patients suffering from enterobiasis. The concentration of three biomarkers (copper, IgE, and TRFC) in serum was determined using the ELISA technique as per the manufacturer's instructions while the concentration of copper was assessed by using the colourimetric method. Results of the study revealed that the concentrations of IgE and TRFC significantly increased (P≤0.05) in the blood sample of E. vermiculris infected patients, while the serum concentrations of copper decreased significantly (P≤0.05) compared to the control group. The results of the current study suggested that the E. vermicularis infection alters serum IgE and TRFC concentrations, which significantly impacts copper levels in the blood.
EOSINOPHIL CATIONIC PROTEIN AND IRON STATUS IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH Enterobius vermicularis
Authors:   University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq., Wathah Esraa , Al-Hadraawy Saleem Khteer ,   University of Kufa, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Iraq.
Published: November 2021

The primary goal of this study was to determine the function of eosinophil cationic protein in iron status in patients infected with Enterobius vermicularis. For this, a total of 583 suspected patients and thirty healthy people of the same age who have visited the AL-Zahra maternity and pediatrics laboratory, AL-Hakeem hospital, AL-Sajad hospital AL-Fruit al-Awsat hospital, and AL-Munadira hospital in AL-Najaf province from July 2020 to June 2021 were screened. The presence of E. vermicularis eggs was estimated by using the saline wet mount technique from faeces samples of all respondents. Blood samples were collected from the 60 positive and 30 healthy control group and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes to separate serum, which was then collected in sterile tubes. Each serum sample was divided into three parts and stored in the deep freezer at -20°C until the serological test was performed. The level of ECP, iron and ferritin in enterobiasis patients was estimated from the isolated blood serum. According to the Manufacturer Company instructions, the concentration of two biomarkers (ECP, Ferritin) in serum samples was determined using the ELISA technique (Human reader, Germany). While the concentration of iron was evaluated using a colourimetric method. In comparison to the control group, the concentration of ECP was reported significantly higher (P<0.05) in the E. vermiculris infected patients while the concentration of serum iron and ferritin was significantly decreased. The results of the current study can be concluded that E. vermicularis infection changes the serum ECP, iron, and ferritin concentration.
Chilling-Requirement Release of Seed and Bud Dormancy in Apricot
Authors: El-Yazal Mohamed A. Seif , El-Yazal Samir A. Seif
Published: November 2021

Dormancy shows common physiological features in buds and seeds. Specific period of chilling is usually required to release dormancy. Reproductive meristems and embryos display dormancy mechanisms in specialized structures named respectively buds and seeds that arrest the growth of perennial plants until environmental conditions are optimal for survival. Chilling requirements for breaking dormancy were studied for 3 successive years in 20 seedling apricot trees which spanned the range of flowering times in these trees. Different methods for estimating chilling requirements were evaluated and compared, and correlations between chilling requirements and flowering date were established. The trees examined showed a range of chilling requirements, chill hours (CH) between 199 CH and 274 CH, and chill units, (CU), between 612CU and 873CU. The results obtained in different years by the Utah and Dynamic models were more homogeneous with respect to the hours below 7 °C model. The apricot trees showed important differences concerning flowering date, and the results indicate a high positive correlation between chilling requirements and flowering date.Moreover, a specific low-temperature stratification treatment was required to overcome seed dormancy. 5°C cold stratification was found to be the best for breaking seed dormancy and germination. Increased seed germination percentage was recorded when the period of stratification prolonged. Apricot seeds required a cold stratification of about 12-15 days to reach maximum germination.
Algorithm for estimating energy characteristics at the output of the correlator
Authors: Kharisov V.N. , Peltin A.V.
Published: November 2021

For the operation of the channels for tracking the carrier (phase and frequency) and the envelope of the signal of the primary processing of the navigation equipment, it is necessary to evaluate, in one way or another, the energy parameters at the output of the correlator: the amplitude of the signal component and the dispersion at the output of the correlator. In practice, to estimate the amplitude of the signal component, either the real part or the modulus of the complex correlator is used over the entire grouping interval. These approaches have a number of disadvantages. To estimate the variance of the correlator output, it is necessary to select separate channels in which there is obviously no useful signal, which takes away some part of the hardware resources. The article proposes an algorithm for estimating the energy parameters at the output of the correlator only from the data of the corresponding channel without the formation of special correlators, which is operable in both coherent and incoherent modes and is based on the use of correlation integrals over short and full intervals. Modeling and analysis of the accuracy characteristics of the proposed algorithm is carried out.
Comparative analysis of Luneberg spherical lens designs
Authors: Belyaev M.P. , Pasternak Yu.G. , Pendyurin V.A. , Rogozin E.A. , Rogozin R.E.
Published: November 2021

Formulation of the problem. The development of modern mobile satellite communication systems dictates the need for the development of multipath antennas having: high values of the directional coefficient, low level of side lobes, a large number of scanning beams in a wide viewing sector without distortion in the azimuthal and angular planes. Multipath antenna systems based on spherical Luneberg lenses have these advantages. Despite their advantages, the spherical lenses of Luneberg did not find wide practical use due to the complexity of the design, the high cost of production, and the large mass (in some cases). Thanks to the progress in the field of artificial media, the emergence of new production methods, various designs of spherical Luneberg lenses have been developed. The use of artificial dielectrics allows you to create inexpensive, lightweight spherical Luneberg lenses. One widely used method of creating an artificial environment is to use partial air filling dielectrics. Luneberg lenses based on such media can have various designs: based on a dielectric ball with radial holes of variable diameter, from electrically small dielectric cubes of variable size, from a set of perforated dielectric disks, etc. For the manufacture of such lenses, various manufacturing technologies can be used, for example, three-dimensional printing, CNC machine. Purpose. Comparative analysis of the characteristics of two structures of the spherical Luneberg lens with the aim of working at frequencies above 9 GHz: from a set of perforated dielectric disks, from dielectric cubes of different sizes. Results. The results of comparative analysis of two designs of the spherical Luneberg lens are presented. The procedure of synthesis of each structure is considered. Design dependencies of effective dielectric constant used in development of investigated spherical lenses of Luneberg are given. Possible methods of technical implementation for each lens are considered, as well as important features that should be taken into account when designing and technical implementation. The weight of each structure was estimated. Conclusions about mechanical strength were made. Based on numerical modeling using the Weyland method, a comparison of directional properties in a wide frequency band was made. Conclusions have been drawn about the similarity and difference in directional characteristics. Practical importance. The scientific and technical results obtained in the article will be useful in choosing the design of the Luneberg lens from artificial dielectrics, depending on the specified technical requirements, and production conditions.
Studi Pengelolaan Dana Desa untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Wonosobo
Authors: Ardiyani Annisa Riva , Utami Evy Rahman , Amanati Hilma Tsani , Yusuf Abdurrahman Maulana
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the village government's management of village funds to increase the empowerment of rural communities in the Wonosobo Regency. Several villages in Wonosobo Regency were selected based on the classification of the Building Village Index, including Krasak, Blederan, Kebrengan, and Derongisor. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques used are interviews, documentation, and observation. Interviews were conducted with informants from village officials and community representatives. Data analysis was carried out with data collection from interview transcriptions, direct observations, and documents. The study results indicate that the management of village funds carried out by the village government in Wonosobo Regency has paid attention to aspects of accountability and transparency. In addition, the use of funds is also right on target, prioritized for community empowerment. Overall, good management of village funds has increased empowerment and provided benefits to communities in various areas.Keywords: Village Funds; Accountability; Transparency; Village Community Empowerment. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengelolaan dana desa untuk peningkatan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo. Beberapa desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo dipilih berdasarkan berdasarkan klasifikasi Indeks Desa Membangun, meliputi Desa Krasak, Blederan, Kebrengan, dan Derongisor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap informan dari aparatur desa dan perwakilan masyarakat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data dari transkripsi wawancara, observasi langsung dan peninjauan dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan dana desa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa di Kabupaten Wonosobo telah memperhatikan aspek akuntabilitas dan transparasi. Selain itu, penggunaan dana sudah tepat sasaran untuk pemberdayaan mayarakat. Secara umum pengelolaan dana desa yang baik telah meningkatkan pemberdayaan dan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat di berbagai bidang.Kata Kunci: Dana Desa; Akuntabilitas; Transparansi; Pemberdayaan Mayarakat Desa.
KARADENİZ’DE SEYREDEN GEMİLER İÇİN BİR KILAVUZLUK ÖRNEĞİ: HOLLANDA ODESA KONSOLOSU CHEVALIER TAITBOUT DE MARIGNY’NİN DENİZCİLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: UYGUN Süleyman
Published: November 2021

Kafkasya ve Kardeniz’de uzun dönem (1813-1852) yaşamış olan Chevalier Taitbout de Marigny (28 Mart 1793 Koron, Mora-11 Nisan 1852 Odesa), Karadeniz kıyılarına dair çok sayıda harita, plan, kroki ve görseli toplayarak denizciler ve tüccara yönelik farklı başlıklar altında klavuzluk eserleri kaleme almıştır. Marigny’nin denizcilik çalışmaları Batılı denizciler, tüccar, seyyah ve coğrafyacılar nezdinde çok büyük ilgi görmüş, bir çok dile çevrilmiştir. Bilinmezlikler ve tehlikelerle dolu olan Karadeniz’in uluslararası ticarete açılmasıyla, deniz trafiği hiç olmadığı kadar artış göstermiştir. Gemilerin seyir güvenliği ve ticari trafiğin kesintisiz bir şekilde sağlanması için Marigny gibi araştırmacıların çalışmaları, gemi kaptanlarının yolunu fenerler gibi güvenli kılan ve aydınlatan başucu klavuzluk eserleri arasında müstesna yer teşkil etmiştir. Bu bağlamda Marigny’nin İstanbul’dan Rize’ye kadar uzanan Karadeniz kıyılarına dair koy, burun, körfez ve limanlar hakkında yaptığı araştırmalar ve tespitler makaleye konu olmuştur.