bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PETROL FİYATLARI, GSYİH VE DÖVİZ KURU DEĞİŞİMİNİN ULAŞTIRMA SEKTÖRÜNE ETKİLERİ: BİST ULAŞTIRMA ENDEKSİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ZELKA Ahmet , KUZU YILDIRIM Sultan
Published: April 2022

Ulaştırma ve lojistik faaliyetleri ülkelerin ekonomik kalkınmasında, istihdam yaratmada ve rekabetçiliğin arttırılmasında büyük öneme sahiptir. Türkiye, konumu itibari Ulaştırma ve Lojistik faaliyetlerinin yoğun olarak gerçekleştiği bir noktadadır. Bu araştırmada da Ulaştırma ve Lojistik sektörünün, ülkenin ekonomik büyümesinde etkili olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla sektörün etkilediği yada etkilendiği düşünülen makroekonomik değişkenler kullanılarak Granger (1969) ve Hsiao (1979) nedensellik analizleri yapılmıştır. 2002/Q1 ve 2020/Q4 dönem aralığında verilerde Lee ve Strazicich (2003, 2004) testleri ile anlamlı yapısal kırılmalar tespit edilmiş olup, seriler analiz öncesi kırılmalardan arındırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Ulaştırma ve Lojistik sektörü ekonomik büyümenin nedeni değildir ancak ekonomik büyüme sektörü etkilemektedir. Dolayısıyla tek yönlü bir ilişki mevcuttur. Ayrıca petrol fiyatları ve kurdan, sektöre doğru tek yönlü nedensellik mevcuttur.
YEŞİLE BOYAMA VE YEŞİL SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞI: ÇEVRESEL AÇIDAN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR BİR BAKIŞ AÇISI
Authors: ÇAVUŞOĞLU Sinan , DEMİRAĞ Bülent
Published: April 2022

Çalışma, işletmelerin yeşile boyama uygulamalarına ilişkin tüketici algılarını ölçmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda işletmelerin yeşile boyama uygulamaları ile tüketicilerin yeşil marka aşkı, yeşil marka imajı, yeşil marka sadakati ve yeşil satın alma davranışları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye’de yeşil ürünleri deneyimleyen tüketiciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri analizi için Smart (PLS-SEM) kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçlarına göre, yeşile boyamanın yeşil satın alma davranışı, yeşil marka aşkı, yeşil marka imajı ve yeşil marka sadakati üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan yeşil marka aşkı, yeşil marka imajı ve yeşil marka sadakatinin yeşil satın alma davranışı üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında yeşil marka aşkı, yeşil marka imajı ve yeşil marka sadakatinin yeşile boyama ile yeşil satın alma davranışı arasında aracılık etkisi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler neticesinde yeşil marka aşkı, yeşil marka imajı ve yeşil marka sadakatinin yeşile boyama ile yeşil satın alma davranışı arasında negatif kısmi aracılık etkisi tespit edilmiştir.
Rancang Bangun High Flow Nasal Cannula dengan Parameter Flow Rate
Authors: Utomo Rachmat Setio
Published: April 2022

Rancang bangun High Flow Nasal Cannula (HNFC) dengan parameter flow rate merupakan sebuah alat distribusi oksigen untuk dapat membantu pasien yang mengalami gangguan pada sistem pernapasan. Alat dengan parameter konsentrasi oksigen serta flow rate (aliran udara) yang dapat diatur sesuai dengan kebutuhan user. Prinsip kerja alat yang menggunakan sistem pecampuran oksigen pada chamber untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi oksigen yang dibutuhkan dalam terapi dan flow rate yang dapat diatur secara manual. Alat ini menggunakan sensor oksigen Figaro KE-25 untuk konsentrasi oksigen (FiO2), FS300A untuk sensor flow rate serta sensor tekanan MPX 7500AP untuk mengukur tekanan yang ada pada chamber. Data yang dihasilkan dari sensor kemudian diolah oleh Minimum System Arduino ATMega 328p. Sedangkan pada pengaturan mekanik alat menggunakan driver MOSFET IRF520 untuk mengaktifkan valve pneumatic yang diperintah oleh Minimum System Arduino Nano kemudian untuk hasil yang diperoleh akan ditampilkan ke display LCD. Metode pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu dengan membandingkan hasil yang didapatkan oleh modul alat dengan alat pembanding fluke VT305 gas flow analyzer. Dari pengujian sebanyak 10 kali setiap mode setting baik konsentrasi oksigen dari 20%-100% serta flow rate dari 10L/Menit sampai 60L/Menit didapati hasil yang masih dalam batas toleransi yaitu ± 5%.
Association of atherogenic indices with obesity and as biomarkers of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Mallika Durga K. , Manohar Suchitra M. , Arslan Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Background: Obesity, the new world syndrome is the major health problem pandemically. One of the causes of dyslipidemia is obesity. The study was aimed to detect the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia in obese persons.Methods: Case control study included 70 subjects categorized into two groups based on BMI (body mass index) as cases (obese) with BMI >25 kg/m2 (n=35) and controls (non-obese) with BMI <25 kg/m2 (n=35). Anthropometric measurements such as waist and hip circumference and waist to hip ratio were measured. Fasting venous blood samples collected were estimated for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein. Non-HDL-cholesterol, atherogenic indices such as atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli's risk index I and II and atherogenic coefficient were calculated from the estimated lipids.Results: Dyslipidemia observed in obese cases was hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia (28.57%), lowered HDL (57.14%) and increased LDL (65.71%). Significant lower HDL, elevated non-HDL cholesterol, CRI-I, II and AC were observed in cases compared to controls. BMI had a significant negative correlation with HDL and positive correlation with anthropometric measurements, TC, non-HDL cholesterol and atherogenic indices. TC and HDL were associated with all the atherogenic indices. CRI-I, CRI-II and AC have significant diagnostic utility, with CRI-I and AC having more sensitivity and specificity at cut off values of 3.85 and 2.85 respectively.Conclusions: Decrease in HDL, elevated non-HDL cholesterol and atherogenic indices are associated with BMI. CRI-I and AC are indicative cardiovascular risk.
Evaluation of effect of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability in neuropathic pain in non-diabetic patients
Authors: Srivastava Rohan , Kantharia N. D.
Published: April 2022

Background: The effects of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with neuropathic pain in non-diabetic patients are poorly understood in India. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of amitriptyline and pregabalin on heart rate variability (HRV) and neuropathic pain in non-diabetic patients.Methods: Forty adult patients (aged 18-65 years) of either sex diagnosed with neuropathic pain were divided into two groups. The study was prospective open label and observational study. Amitriptyline 10 mg once a day was given to group 1 while group 2 received pregabalin 75 mg once a day and HRV and pain score were recorded; and post-treatment data at 2 and 4 weeks were compared with pre-treatment values (control). All the statistical analysis was performed by using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 20.0 software.Results: Both amitriptyline and pregabalin have increased HRV and reduced neuropathic pain intensity after 2- and 4-weeks treatment. The correlation between HRV and neuropathic pain was not observed.Conclusions: To conclude both the drugs have significantly increased HRV and reduced the pain intensity; but no correlation was observed between increased HRV and reduced pain intensity.
Superficial parotidectomy: three-year experience using modified Blair's incision
Authors: Shoda Waseem A.
Published: April 2022

Background: This study presents a series of parotidectomy for superficial benign parotid tumors.Methods: 18 patients had freely mobile superficial benign parotid lesions of grade zero on House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system underwent parotidectomy through modified Blair incision, with meticulous dissection of the main trunk and branches of facial and the greater auricular nerves with parotid duct sparing. Postoperative (PO) facial nerve functions were assessed and graded after patient was fully conscious, on the 5th PO day, and 6th PO month. Collected data included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, duration of hospital stay, wound drainage and PO complications.Results: Mean operative time was 115 (±20.4) minutes and mean intraoperative blood loss was 250 (±60). PO analgesia was provided as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs injection on patient's request. Mean duration of PO hospital stay was 8 (±1.9) hours and of wound drainage was 3 (±0.7) days. No wound infection nor seroma had developed and stitches were allowed for spontaneous removal. Immediate postoperatively 4 patients (22.2%) had incomplete facial nerve weakness; 3 of grade II and one of grade III, at the 5th day PO, two patients still had grade II nerve affection and at the 6th PO month, one patient (5.5%) still had grade II nerve affection.Conclusions: superficial parotidectomy through modified Blair's incision is feasible, safe and allows nerve, vessels and duct sparing even for cases with recurrent swelling. Incomplete facial weakness was encountered in only one patient at the 6th month PO, but was of grade II.
Evaluation of demographic characteristics and comorbidities in patients with surgical site infection after gynecological surgeries, 2016-2020
Authors: Farzipour Shahla , Jalilvand Faranak , Sharghi Afshan , Mostafaei-Aghah Ehsan
Published: April 2022

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of most common infections in the hospital and complications in patients admitted to the surgical ward or outpatient surgery, which increases the duration of treatment, delays wound healing, increases the use of antibiotics, causes unnecessary pain and in severe cases death and imposes a lot of costs on the health care system. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics and comorbidities in patients with SSI.Methods: The study population included 92 patients who referred to Alavi hospital in Ardabil for gynecological surgeries from June 2016 to the end of April 2020. Their complete hospital records were extracted through the hospital archive system and carefully studied. A special checklist was filled out for each patient. The information in the checklist included age, occupation, place of residence, marriage, education, type of surgery performed, presence or absence of underlying disease, cancer, smoking and alcohol consumption and presence or absence of a history of abdominal and pelvic surgery. All data analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.Results: Most of patients with SSI were between 30 to 40, rural, married and housewives. Of all patients, 22.8% had diabetes and 13% had hypertension. The type of surgery was caesarean section in 85.9%, laparatomy 8.7% and cystectomy/aforectomy in 5.4% and 18.5% of patients had a history of previous surgery.Conclusions: Due to the high rate of comorbidities and predisposing factors in patients with SSI, control of these factors can play an important role in preventing infection.
A study of preoperative factors predicting a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Bansod Atish N. , Patil Ishwar G. , Awachar Neha S. , Umalkar Rohan K. , Wankhede Abhijit M. , Jadhav Vaishnavpriya K.
Published: April 2022

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the gold standard treatment for most gallbladder diseases. It has now become one of the most common operations performed by general surgeons. At times, it is difficult and takes longer time or some complications may occur or has to be converted in to open cholecystectomy. This study is undertaken to determine predictive factors for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.  The aim of the study was to study pre-operative factors in the patients to predict whether the laparoscopic cholecystectomy will be easy or difficult. And to co-relate the pre-operative factors predicting a difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with intra-operative findings.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery in IGGMC, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India over a period of 2.5 years. Total 52 patients were included in the study. All patients were evaluated for risk factors preoperatively and intraoperative findings were noted. A chi-square test has been used to find the significant association of findings of the preoperative score with postoperative outcome.Results: History of hospitalization for gall stone diseases, ultrasound abdomen showing gall bladder wall thickness >4 mm, presence of pericholecystic collection, and impacted stone can be considered as individual significant positive predictive factors to predict a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy preoperatively. While age >50 years, gender, BMI >25 kg/m2, and history of supraumbilical surgery/scar can’t be considered as an individual positive predictive factor.Conclusions: A uniform scoring system needs to be assessed and thoroughly evaluated by combining all these factors to predict a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A clinical study of trans-rectus sheath extrapreperitoneal procedure and Gilbert’s repair in the treatment of groin hernia
Authors: Shafiq Nida , Jeelani Shaukat , Mushtaq Umer , Mir Tauqeer A.
Published: April 2022

Background: The focus to improve surgical technique has changed from recurrence to chronic postoperative inguinal pain (CPIP). Nerve injury or stretching due to surgical approach or mesh fixation led to CPIP. Transrectus sheath preperitoneal procedure (TREPP) is a new open technique in which the mesh is placed preperitoneally via medial approach. The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the results of TREPP with another open anterior approach- Gilbert’s repair which also doesn’t need mesh fixation; in view of operative time, duration of hospital stay, CPIP, recurrence and cost effectiveness.Methods: Between November 2013 and October 2015, an observational clinical study of TREPP and Gilbert’s repair in the treatment of groin hernia was conducted in the department of surgery, SMHS Hospital. Patients were enrolled after detailed history, clinical examination, all baseline investigations.Results: A total of 40 patients above 18 years of age with primary unilateral inguinal hernia were operated: 20 with TREPP and remaining 20 with Gilbert’s technique. Out of those who underwent TREPP 75% had indirect type and 25% had direct type hernia. Similarly, out of those who underwent Gilbert’s repair, 65% had indirect type and 35% had direct hernia. Operative time was significantly lower in TREPP with mean of 58.6±11.47 minutes in comparison to 68.4±9.54 minutes in Gilbert’s repair. Also, the mean hospital stay was 21.2±3.69 hours in TREPP whereas it was 31.2±6.03 hours in Gilbert’s repair.Conclusions: TREPP is a more feasible new technique for inguinal hernia repair with better results in terms of CPIP especially. It is more promising because of the complete preperitoneal view, the short learning curve, and the stay-away-from-the-nerves principle thereby offering better outcome and patient satisfaction.
Management of surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single center experience
Authors: Kallepalli Vineel Sai Deepak , Subramanian Jayanthan , Sanniyasi Saravanan , Stephen Nicole
Published: April 2022

Background: From the time it was declared as a pandemic by WHO, COVID-19 infection caused by corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) has drastically changed how we look at and manage patients all around the world across all faculties. Here, we wrote about a single centre experience of how surgical emergencies were managed at our institute.Methods: We have collected data retrospectively from 2019 (pre-lockdown) and 2020 (lockdown) for the months of April through July based on 281 emergency room admissions to the department of general surgery. Collected data was categorised into the two cohorts and analysed for multiple variables including days of symptoms, diagnosis arrived at, management modality being conservative or operated.Results: The most common diagnosis was found to be abscesses followed by appendicitis. Management was found to be significantly different for appendicitis in between 2019 and 2020. Other diagnosis also were analysed and found to be having an inclination towards conservative management over operative management even though the difference was not significant. The number of emergency room admissions were less in 2020 than in 2019, which was contrasting to our anticipation. On comparing with similar articles, we found that conservative management was preferred in the lockdown period, which was in concurrence with our results.Conclusions: And the patient outcome was also better when the patient was managed conservatively and taken up for surgery electively.
A retrospective analysis of outcome of endoscopic management in choledocholithiasis in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Shah Dhvani , Mahey Rajesh , Dharap Satish , Chilbule Priyanka , Deka Hiranya
Published: April 2022

Background: The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as a therapeutic intervention for choledocholithiasis is long established. Endoscopic therapy involves stone extraction using conventional methods after performing endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. The objective of this study was to determine the outcome of patients with choledocholithiasis being treated in our setup.Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at T.N.M.C. and BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai from January 2017 to October 2017. All patients with choledocholithiasis proven radiologically were admitted. All patients underwent elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. In patients in whom ERCP failed, open surgical clearance of the common bile duct was done.Results: A total of 50 cases of choledocholithiasis were admitted during the study period. Age distribution in our study was from 27 years to 81 years of which, 46% were males and 54% were females. Successful clearance of CBD with balloon sweep, dormia basket, CBD stenting or sphincterotomy alone was done in 38 patients (76%). Nine patients (18%) required repeat ERCP/ more than one sitting for clearance of CBD. Most of the patients had stone size of >10 mm (8 out of 9 patients i.e. 88.89%). Three patients were referred for surgical intervention due to non-retrieval of calculus. All these patients had stone size >15 mm (100%).Conclusions: In our study 94% patients eventually achieved successful clearance with ERCP. Also, the size of the stone was an independent risk factor that affected the outcome of ERCP.
Mesenteric ischemia and COVID-19: an observational study in a tertiary care centre in Bangalore
Authors: S. Ravi , V. P. Mamatha
Published: April 2022

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia is a rare abdominal emergency and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 infection has also been described to predispose to venous and arterial thromboembolism. The mortality rate of AMI in COVID-19 is still unknown, yet it is likely to contribute significantly to an increased burden of disease Aim and objective were to determine the occurrence of mesenteric ischemia in patients with history of COVID-19 infection in a tertiary health care centre in Bangalore.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in the department of general surgery in Bangalore medical college and research institute, Bangalore over a period of 3 months from October 2021 to December 2021. A total of 15 patients who presented to the emergency department and was diagnosed to have mesenteric ischemia were included in the study.Results: Total of 15 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 41.86 years. 5 patients had history of being tested positive for COVID-19 and another 3 of the patients had history of being symptomatic or coming in contact with a COVID-19 patient but was not tested.Conclusions: Knowledge of occurrence of mesenteric vessel thrombosis in patients with history of COVID-19 infection is essential for the health care workers and the patients and their attenders for timely consultation, diagnosis and management.
Cholelithiasis-diagnostic approach: are clinical presentations in children different?
Authors: Rajoo Theyveeka Selvy , Naidu Janakan , Naidu Senevahsan , Ramli Julian M. , Khairy Azuddin M.
Published: April 2022

Cholecystitis has been considered an uncommon entity in children, but it’s incidence is reportedly increasing which may be attributed to widespread use of diagnostic imaging (ultrasonography). A healthy 11-year-old female Indian child presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of abdominal pain. The pain was at the epigastric region and accompanied with vomiting. As per the complete examination and findings, a diagnosis of constipation colic was made. A month later, the patient presented with the same chief complaint, but general physical examination revealed tenderness at the right hypochondrium, and Murphy’s sign was positive. Upon performing an abdominal ultrasound, multiple small gallstones were noted in an otherwise normal gallbladder. No biliary obstruction was seen. A diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was made. Patient was then admitted and treated with a course of antibiotics. The incidence of cholelithiasis in children has not been sufficiently studied. The incidence of cholecystitis in India was found to be 0.3% with the incidence in age group 0-10 being less than 0.1%. In contrast to adult cholecystitis, it has been found that there is female predominance of cholecystitis in children. In children, 20% to 50% gallstones are radiopaque. Unknown causes are still prevalent in stone formation. Hence, the purpose of this paper was to increase awareness about the diagnosis of cholelithiasis in children. The probability of cholecystitis in children should not be ignored. Cholelithiasis should always be considered as a differential diagnosis when children present with complaints of abdominal pain.
Superior mesenteric artery aneurysm: treatment with endovascular techniques: case report
Authors: Nogueira Oriana , Duque Mariana , Lopes Catarina , Silva Marta , Louro João , Fernandes Miguel , Tralhão José G.
Published: April 2022

Superior mesenteric artery aneurysms (SMAA) are rare and associated with a high risk of rupture, morbidity and mortality. Their clinical presentation is heterogeneous, turning the clinical diagnosis into a difficult task-which can delay their treatment. We present a case of a patient with a SMAA, treated successfully with coil embolization.
A rare case of malignant pancreatic non-functional neuroendocrine tumor presenting as huge abdominal lump
Authors: Saxena Pradeep , Bhardwaj Swastik , Sutrave Tarun , Lalchandani Ankit
Published: April 2022

We present a case of an exceptionally large size non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) in a young female. The tumor occupied the whole abdomen and pelvis and was clinically masqueraded as an ovarian tumor. Imaging with contrast enhanced CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen aided in preoperative diagnosis of origin of the tumor from the pancreas. Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy and left hemicolectomy was done. Primary colocolic anastomosis was done for reconstruction. Postop course was uneventful, and patient was discharged with advice to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy. Surgical excision of large size locally advanced non-functional PNET should be done with curative intention/ to treat symptoms and improve patient survival
A case of post-splenectomy posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a reversible event
Authors: Shukla Samir , Sisodiya Sanjay , Riyaz Mohd , Sharath A. P. , R. J. Sukantth
Published: April 2022

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a disease characterized by features of clinical and neuroimaging findings. The basics of recognizing the entity include a combination of clinical features and radiological findings in the presence of triggering factors. Clinically the patient can have various presentations like nausea, vomiting, blurring of vision, seizures, altered consciousness, transient motor deficits, or cortical blindness. Radiologically the findings can be picked up by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or diffusion-weighted imaging. The usual factors that can trigger the PRES include blood pressure fluctuations, eclampsia/preeclampsia, renal failure, cytotoxic agents, and autoimmune conditions. With vigilant suspicion and prompt treatment, patients can be saved from serious complications. Here we wish to report a case of a 22-year male patient who developed PRES syndrome after undergoing an emergency splenectomy and recovered with conservative medical management for the condition. This syndrome can be managed well with an early diagnosis which needs keen suspicion and prompt treatment.
Primary hydatidosis of psoas muscle: rare entity
Authors: Chincholkar Rajesh G. , Tongale Ram V.
Published: April 2022

Hydatid cyst of the psoas is uncommon to see. We hereby report a case of hydatid cyst of the psoas in a 22 years old female patient presented with pain and swelling in right lumber region. CECT abdomen revealed hydatid cyst indenting inferior pole of right kidney also indenting adjacent ascending colon and abutting right psoas muscle.
A pattern of skin diseases in a tertiary hospital in Djibouti: a retrospective study between January 2018 and December 2021
Authors: Moussa Iftin Osman
Published: April 2022

Background: Skin diseases differ in various countries and social, hygiene, and weather conditions are contributing factors as well. We aim to describe, for the first time, the frequency of the skin disease spectrum in the Djiboutian population. The aim was to find out the spectrum of cutaneous diseases in relation to age, sex, origin, and season variation.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study on new patients attending a dermatology tertiary hospital in Djibouti between January 2018 and December 2021. Disease frequencies and prevalence by sex, seasons, and age group were recorded.

Results: There were 9114 new patients. The male/female ratio was 0.55, with 5897 females (64.70%) and 3217 males (32.45%). The mean age was 23.1 years, ranging from 3 weeks old to 97 years old. The most common diagnoses were scabies 12.83% (n=1169), contact dermatitis 10.97% (n=1000) and dermatophytosis 7.93% (n=723). Skin infections were the commonest diagnostic group and amounted to 43.65% (n=3978).

Conclusions: We found a higher prevalence of infectious dermatoses, with scabies dominating. In order to design both preventive and curative healthcare services, appropriate public health policy necessitates an understanding of skin disease epidemiology.
Comparison of macro and micronutrients intake in an Indian subpopulation with acne vulgaris versus controls: an observational study
Authors: Shaikh Anam , Shaikh Sadiya , Udipi Shobha A. , Tyebkhan Gulrez H. , Vaidya Rama A.
Published: April 2022

Background: Diet plays an important role in the development and severity of acne, a debilitating and psychologically distressing skin condition attributable to chronic inflammation. The diverse food cultures, influence of globalisation and confounding genetic and environmental factors have prompted studies of specific diet on acne. However, diet being a controllable factor, it would be useful to discern the beneficial and harmful effects of certain foods on acne. The aim of the study was to compare macro and micronutrient intakes in persons with acne vulgaris versus controls in an Indian subpopulation in Mumbai city. Current case-controlled, prospective, observational survey was conducted during September to December 2017 with 210 participants aged 18 to 40 years.

Methods: We used semi-quantitative Food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall tests to identify the pattern of food consumption between acne and non-acne individuals. Statistical analysis was performed using “t” test and ANOVA.

Results: Our analysis revealed that the individuals with acne consume a higher portion of dairy products, refined cereals and relatively smaller portions of whole cereals. Acne group had a significant lower (p<0.05) intake of pulses, omega-3 and 6 fatty acids, α-linolenic acid than the non-acne group. Significant difference indicated a lower consumption of micronutrients including zinc (p=0.012), thiamine (p<0.05), and niacin (p=0.01) among acne individuals.

Conclusions: Study findings suggest an increased consumption of inflammation triggering foods and lower consumption of foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property in the acne group of individuals.
Retrospective study on mucocutaneous manifestations due to COVID-19 in paediatric age group in a tertiary care centre in Southern India
Authors: Malathy Priyavathani Annie , S. Thamizhselvi , H. R. Poornima
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 virus is known to cause wide variety of mucocutaneous manifestations . The inflammatory response of body plays a crucial role in SARS-CoV-2 induced lung injury.These cytokines arriving at the skin and reaching various cells of cutaneous immune system can cause dermatological lesions described during COVID-19 infection.The primary aim of this study is to characterize the diversity of cutaneous manifestations due to COVID-19 in pediatric age group.

Methods: The study was an observational study done on paeadiatric COVID cases aged less than 12 years who were admitted in COVID isolation ward of Institute of Child Health, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital. This study was conducted for 3 months from August 2020 to October 2020.

Results: A total of 191 swab-confirmed cases of COVID-19 aged less than 12 years were recruited in the study. Out of 191 cases, 19 had dermatological manifestations (10%).The most common type of dermatological manifestation noted in our study was maculopapular rash (N=8) , followed by purpura (N=4),urticarial (N=3), angular cheilitis (N=2), palmar erythema (N=1), purpura with palmar erythema occurring together (N=1). Time latency between onset of first COVID symptom and occurrence of cutaneous lesion was 1 to 7 days.

Conclusions: A total of 191 swab-confirmed cases of COVID-19 aged less than 12 years were recruited in the study. Out of 191 cases, 19 had dermatological manifestations (10%). The most common type of dermatological manifestation noted in our study was maculopapular rash (N=8) , followed by purpura (N=4),urticarial (N=3), angular cheilitis (N=2), palmar erythema (N=1), purpura with palmar erythema occurring together (N=1). Time latency between onset of first COVID symptom and occurrence of cutaneous lesion was 1 to 7 days.
A rare epidermal naevus: naevus comedonicus case repot
Authors: Nayak Vijayalakshmi
Published: April 2022

Naevus comedonicus (NC) is a rare epidermal naevus characterized by a honeycomb-like dilated follicular opening filled with black or brown keratinous plug. Diagnosis is based mainly on clinical examination and histopathology. It is also a part of NC syndrome (a neurocutaneous syndrome) with ophthalmological (congenital cataract), skeletal (scoliosis, fused vertebra, spina bifida, absence of the fifth finger, polysyndactyly, clinodactyly, rudimentary toe, bone hypertrophy, bone cyst, kyphosis and vitamin D resistant rickets), neurological (mental retardation, corpus callosum dysgenesis, seizures, paresis, electrocochleographic abnormalities). The physician should be aware of the extracutaneous manifestations involving the skeletal system, ophthalmological, neurological, and other skin manifestations. Several topical creams and energy-based devices treat with an unsatisfactory or moderate response. Surgical excision offers good aesthetic results.
A review article on Winlevi
Authors: Kousar Shaik Hafsa , Devi T. V. L. Charishma , Naveen V.
Published: April 2022

Acne is a most common multiform skin condition. Androgen plays a major role in acne pathogenesis in both males and females. The appliance of anti-androgen is potentially effective. However, anti-androgens for topical application are not available in market. Clascoterone (cortexolone 17α propionate), an ester derivative of cortexolone is an androgen receptor inhibitor developed as a topical cream and solution for the treatment of androgen dependent skin disorders, including acne vulgaris. Although the mechanism of action of clascoterone (Winlevi) for topical treatment of acne vulgaris is not known. In 2020 clascoterone 1% has been first approved by United States of America (USA) for the topical therapy of acne vulgaris people aged 12 years or above. Assessment of acne is done based on overall severity of acne based on grades- grade 0, grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, and grade 4 (clear- severe). Both inflammatory on non-inflammatory lesions were counted. Treatment success is achieved when the grade or score is clear or almost clear. Clascoterone cream is well tolerated with no significant clinical safety issues. Clascoterone 1% twice daily treatment have the most effective favourable results with low adverse events. Currently first line treatment targeting aspects of acne includes benzyl peroxide topical or oral antibiotics, topical retinoid. Females with acne is treated with combined oral contraceptives (e. g. norgestimate and norethindrone are approved by FDA for treatment of acne in females) or spironolactone which affects androgens. Androgen receptors are present throughout the skin and found in sebaceous glands, dermal cells, and sebocytes. Androgen inhibiton is an effective way for treatment of acne in females.
Improvement of Waste Management Through Community Awareness of Plastic Controlling in Garang Watershed, Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Setyaningsih Wahyu , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Putranto Thomas Triadi
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze the condition and awareness of community plastic waste management in the Garang watershed to increase institutional capacity in reducing plastic pollution. This study was a sequential exploratory mixed-method research involving 175 respondents from Garang rivers community. Data was collected using observation, open-questionnaire and in-depth interview about community understanding and waste management organization. The respondent answer then converted into number and analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis test. The institutional aspect was identified by interview and scored for AHP analysis. This research predicts more than 66 ton of plastic waste was produced by the communities around Garang watershed that managed, inappropriately. Only less than 40% of the Garang watershed community sells their plastic waste to the waste bank, and the rest were burned or abandoned in vacant land or rivers. Regarding to the waste-management organization aspect, the financial support and community participation aspect should be improved in upstream wather-shed area to enhance waste management communally. In contrast, internal institutions, community participation, and operational institutions are the main aspects that might be enhanced in the downstream areas. A future research needs to be conducted to identify community requirements as a foundation for establishing an appropriate waste management institution.
Ultrasound as a modern preservation technique in food safety: a review
Authors: Molaee-aghaee Ebrahim , Salehi Ali , Karami Leila , Zomorodiyan Nooshin
Published: April 2022

Ultrasonic methods are increasingly being used in the food industry for both food analysis and food modification. Ultrasound technology is relatively inexpensive, simple and cost-effective in terms of energy and time and is a non-destructive technique compared to other conventional technologies. The ultrasonic spectrum based on frequency and intensity is divided into two types, including low frequency (less than 100 kHz)-high-power (more than 1 W/cm2 ) ultrasound and high frequency (more than100 kHz) low-power (less than 1 W/cm2 ) ultrasound. The effect of ultrasound on various materials is caused by the formation, growth, and collapse of bubbles, which is referred to as cavitation. The ultrasonic spectrum based on frequency and intensity is divided into two types, including low frequency (less than 100 kHz)-high-power (more than 1 W/cm2 ) ultrasound and high frequency (more than 100 kHz) low-power (less than 1 W/cm2 ) ultrasound. Ultrasound applications in the food industry are very diverse. This review summarizes the major popular applications of low and high-power ultrasound in food science and technology.
Effect of soaking, boiling and frying on selenium content of major African fresh foods
Authors: Lawrence Fred Sembajwe , Joshua Nfambi , Lugaajju Allan , Robert Kalyesubula
Published: April 2022

Selenium is an essential trace element that is crucial for normal functioning of human body systems and it is obtained from diet or dietary supplements. The concentration of selenium (Se) varies from soil-to-soil and therefore in various food types. We profiled the selenium concentration in the major African fresh foods and studied the effect of boiling, frying and overnight soaking on their selenium content. The foods were taken to the chemistry laboratory, processed for determining selenium concentration in the fresh foods and then subjected to the various treatments before determining their Se concentration using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Among the fresh foods studied, pumpkin seeds were found to have the highest Se concentration (109.25 ± 0.125 parts per billion (ppb)), while Irish potatoes had the lowest (16.25 ± 0.125 ppb). In most fresh foods studied, boiling and frying had the effect of reducing the Se concentration, except in yams that showed an increased concentration after frying. Overnight soaking of matooke (plantain bananas) and beans showed an effect of causing a considerable reduction in the Se concentration from 36.375 ± 0.281 ppb and 59.125 ± 0.031 ppb to 14.03 ± 0.441 ppb and 24.375 ± 0.281 ppb, respectively. Boiling and frying cause a significant reduction in Se concentration of most African fresh foods. Overnight soaking of matooke and beans caused further reduction in the selenium concentration of the fresh foods. This implies that people who pre-soak their food before cooking it are likely to lose more selenium than those who do not soak and may be more likely to suffer from Se deficiencies.
Trends for Publications of Sleep Medicine and Upper Airway Sleep Surgery in PubMed Central Data Base: A Quadratic Growth Prediction
Authors: Erfanian Reza , Heidari Reihaneh , Najafi Arezu , Amirzargar Behrooz
Published: April 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Large Multiple Sialoliths of Bilateral Submandibular Glands: A Case Report
Authors: Barzegar Mohsen , Pouyafard Adele , Ajami Hamidreza , Pakzad Sahar
Published: April 2022

Sialolithiasis is a most common disease of salivary glands most commonly occurs in submandibular gland system. Simultaneous sialolithiasis in more than one salivary gland and multiple stone formations have been reported in only 5% and 3% of cases, respectively. In this article, a rare case of bilateral presence of various stones in different sizes and shapes in the submandibular glands and its duct in a 68-year-old man has been investigated.  Stones on left side were removed through an intraoral incision and on the right side; the entire salivary gland was removed with extraoral access.
Conclusion: After precise diagnosis of sialolithiasis through various diagnostic modalities, treatment plan should be tailored based on existing condition and the decision was made to remove a salivary gland with extraoral access on one side and remove the stones by intraoral incision on the other side while preserving the salivary gland.
Frequency of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes referred to Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad City with Tuberculin Skin Test in 2018-2020
Authors: Mousavi Mahshad , Mousavi Nazanin , Abdollahian Majid , Kaviani Mozhgan
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide. Diabetes has been suggested as an important risk factor for tuberculosis. To date, few studies have examined the association between diabetes and tuberculosis. In this study, the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in diabetic patients was investigated.
Methods: In this study, 195 patients with type 2 diabetes were studied in a cross-sectional study to diagnose latent tuberculosis infection with a tuberculin skin test. Individuals with symptoms of active tuberculosis were excluded from the study, and individuals with a positive tuberculin test were evaluated for active tuberculosis by chest x-ray. For analyzing the data, SPSS software version 16 was run, a t-test was used to analyze quantitative variables, and for qualitative variables, Chi-square was applied.  The significance level of 0.05 was considered for all the results.
Results: Out of 195 diabetic patients, 115 patients were referred for tuberculin test results. 43 out of 115 patients (37.39%) had an induration diameter greater than or equal to 5 mm, 29 patients (25.21%) had an induration diameter greater than or equal to 8 mm, and 3 patients (2.61%) had an induration diameter greater than or equal to 10 mm (Positive tuberculin test) (p>0.05).
Conclusion: False tuberculin skin test results can hide the true prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection. The sensitivity of the tuberculin test decreases in immunocompromised patients and leads to limitations in assessing the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection. Although not enough information was available in this study to establish a significant association between diabetes and latent tuberculosis infection, further studies will help to investigate this association.
Evaluation of Attitudes and Practices of mothers on Antibiotic Use in Children under five years old Referred to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, 2019-2020
Authors: Nafei Zahra , Karimi Mehran , Najafi Zahra
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Microbial resistance due to antibiotics overuse can endanger the general health of society. Various factors play a role in mothers' overuse of antibiotics for their children. This study aimed to investigate mothers' attitude and behavior about the use of antibiotics in children under five years old in Yazd City.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 302 mothers with children under five years old were included in 2019-2020; a questionnaire of mothers' attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use was completed. Then, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mothers' attitude level was poor, moderate, and good in 60 (20%), 180 (59.5%), and 62 patients (20.5%), respectively. Furthermore, mothers' practice level was poor in 55 (18.2%), moderate in 210 (69.5%) and good in 37 (12.3%). The level of attitude (P = 0.000) and practice (P = 0.007) in mothers with a higher level of education was significantly higher. With increasing the number of children, mothers' attitude (P = 0.03) and practice (P = 0.02) were significantly lower.
Conclusion: The study results showed that most mothers have a moderate level of attitude and practice in using antibiotics in their children. A significant number of them also mentioned antibiotic use without a prescription. Therefore, to reduce the improper use of antibiotics, it is recommended to pay attention to educational programs with proper planning by the public media. It makes sense to train physicians, monitor their performance and closely monitor the sale of antibiotics in pharmacies to reduce their use without a doctor's prescription.
Hilweşangerî di Berhemên Hesenê Metêyî da
Authors: ERGÜN Zülküf
Published: April 2022

Hesenê Metê yek ji wan nivîskarên kurd ên xerîbîyê ye ku xwedî şêwaz û rêbazeke taybetî ya edebî ye. Nivîskar di bin karîgerîya postmodernîzmê da li dijî vegêranên mezin û binyadên sîyasî û îdeolojîk ên civak û edebiyata kurdî bi rêbaza xwe ya hilweşanger derdikeve pêş û bi vî alîyê xwe jî di edebîyata kurdî da cihekî resen ji xwe ra çê dike. Ev gotar ji bo nîşandana vî alîyê wî hatîye nivîsîn. Ji ber vê çar pirtûkên wî yên çîrokan û pênc roman û romanokên wî hatine vekolîn. Di encama vê vekolînê da derket ku nivîskar di piranîya çîrok, roman û romanokên xwe da binyadên gotara marksîst, serok û partîyên otorîter, nivîskarên qure, pêgîr û kêrnehatî, karakterên ronakger û gotara dînî hildiweşîne û bergeheke nû li ber edebîyata kurdî vedike. Metê dema vê dike hertim bi şêwazeke îronîk berê xwe dide van dîyardeyan û ji teknîka xewnê, berevajîkirina karakterên dîrokî û têkelkirina xewn û rastîyê sûd werdigire. Ji vî alîyî ve berhemên Hesenê Metêyî vekirî ne û rê li ber xwendevanên çalak vedikin da ku ew jî bibin beşek di afirandina manayên deqên edebî da.
Mütareke Dönemi’nde İttihatçıların Tasfiyesi
Authors: CAN Ayşegül
Published: April 2022

Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın yenilgiyle sonuçlanması, İttihat ve Terakki yönetiminin sonunu getirdi. Partinin feshedilmesini, cemiyet liderlerinden önde gelenlerin ülkeyi terk etmesi takip etti. Akabinde İtilaf Devletleri’nin etkisi altındaki İstanbul Hükümeti ile Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkasınca, savaş, Sevk ve İskân Kanununa dayalı olarak yapılan Ermeni Tehciri suçlusu olarak Divan-ı Harp Mahkemeleri’nde yargılamalar başlatıldı. İttihatçılar tarafından Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında, Kara Kemal’in önderliğinde yürütülen iaşe işlerinden edinilen kârlar ile tesis edilen birçok milli şirket ve banka da soruşturma sürecine dahil edildi. Osmanlı İtibar-ı Milli Bankası başta olmak üzere Anadolu Milli Mahsulat Şirketi, Milli Ekmekçiler Şirketi, Milli Mensucat Şirketi, Kantariye Milli İthalat Şirketi, Milli İktisat Bankası ve Eskişehir Çiftçi Bankası gibi kuruluşlarda yürütülen tahkikatın seyri tasfiyeye yöneldi. Soruşturmaların temelinde yatan neden ise İttihatçıların iaşe işinde yolsuzluk yaparak kazandıkları paraların adı geçen kurumlarda bulunduğu iddiasıydı. Dönemin iktidarı tarafından haksız kazançlarla meydana getirildikleri düşünülen bu kuruluşların, ilk fırsatta soruşturmaya tabi tutulması, aslında İttihatçılara muhalif düşüncelerin uygulamaya geçirilmesiydi. Diğer taraftan bu soruşturmaların altında yatan bir neden de İttihatçıların bu kuruluşlar aracılığıyla Millî Mücadele hareketine destek sağlamasıydı.
Soruşturmalar, Mondros Mütarekesi’nden sonra başlayan İtilaf kuvvetlerinin işgalleriyle aynı seyirde devam etti. Hatta Osmanlı İtibar-ı Milli Bankası gibi İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminin en büyük sermayeli milli kuruluşu, İtilaf kuvvetlerince basılarak, çalışanları tutuklandı. Fakat bu girişimler, Millî Mücadele’nin başarıyla sonuçlanmasıyla birlikte yarıda kaldı. Böylece bahsedilen milli kuruluşlar Cumhuriyet dönemine intikal ederek faaliyetlerini devam ettirdi.
İstanbul Ticaret Odası’nın İlk İştiraki: Tophane Ambarları İdaresi 1927-1929
Authors: MEMİŞ Şefik
Published: April 2022

Bizans’tan Osmanlı ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne kadar hiç değişmez bir şekilde İstanbul, uluslararası ticaretin önemli bir üssü oldu. İçinden deniz geçen bir şehir olarak İstanbul, kıyı derinliğinin elverişliliği sebebiyle deniz ticaretinin ağırlıkta olduğu bir şehirdi. Bu niteliği sebebiyle de bilhassa ithal edilen malların konulduğu gümrük depolarına, antrepolara ya da bir diğer deyişle umumi mağazalara ihtiyaç duyuyordu. Osmanlı’nın son döneminde antrepoların yetersizliği birçok geminin mallarıyla birlikte açıkta ya da gemi ile gümrük arasında aktarıcı rolü oynayan mavnalarda beklemek durumunda kalıyor, bu da tüccarlar açısından ilave maliyete yol açıyordu. Birinci Dünya Savaşı döneminde ve Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında ciddi bir antrepo buhranı ortaya çıktı. İstanbul Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası bu sorunu kökten çözmek için Hükümet nezdinde çalışmalarda bulunarak, Odalara antrepo ve umumi mağaza açma hakkı tanınmasını sağladı ve 1927’de bu amaçla Bakanlar Kurulu tarafından yetkilendirildi. Böylece günümüzde Galataport olarak bilinen alanda yer alan Tophane Ambarlarını, Denizcilik İşletmelerinden kiralayıp faaliyete geçirdi. Oda’nın bilinçli yönetimiyle kısa zamanda antrepo buhranı hafifledi. Oda’nın, yönetimi için meclis üyelerinden oluşan bir idare kurulu oluşturup kendine bağlı bir iştirak halinde işlettiği Tophane Ambarları İdaresi, bu bölgede Ford Şirketine montaj fabrikası kurması amacıyla tahsis edilene kadar 2 yıl faaliyetini sürdürdü. Bu makalede, İTO’nun Tophane Ambarları İdaresi’ni kurma süreci ve ilk çalışmaları birincil kaynaklara dayanılarak ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alındı.