bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eschatology and Hope in Paul
Authors: Stuhlmacher Peter
Published: September 2022

The Pauline doctrine on hope belongs to the wider framework of the apocalyptic expectation of the future, which inspired all apostles in their assigned missions to the Jews and gentiles. Through the proclamation of the Gospel throughout the whole inhabited world, the return of Christ should be prepared, and with this return the establishment of the messianic ‘kingdom of Zion’, which the prophets promised to Israel and Jesus to his disciples before and also after Easter (Lk. 12:32 and Acts 1:6; 3:20). For Paul, the universal assertion of God's creative and salvific righteousness belongs to the yearned-for kingdom of God. The universal assertion materializes in the resurrection and transformation of the dead, the salvation of all Israel through the redeemer coming out of Zion, the annihilation of every power at enmity with God, including death itself, and the liberation of creation from the curse of futility. The hope which Paul described and taught was a firm structural element of the faith in Christ achieved by the Holy Spirit. It was given its definitive basis in Christ Jesus who was sent from God, was 'handed over to death for our trespasses and was raised for our justification' (Rom. 4:25). Hope thus points towards the participation of all who believe in the righteousness and glory of the risen Christ (Gal. 5:5; Col. 1 :27). This hope inspires Christians as long as they are not allowed yet to see Christ 'face by face'; it maintains them steadfast in pursuits and will not come to naught, because of its relying on the love of God in Christ, which guarantees salvation for all believers. Early Christians, even into the post-apostolic age, held fast to the hope of the establishment of the eschatological kingdom of God and his messiah, and during their celebration of the eucharist implored the return of Christ. They have thereby pointed out the way how the teachings of Paul about hope can be held fast by Christians even today.
Second Thoughts about Theologies of Hope
Authors: Jenson Robert W.
Published: September 2022

Christian eschatological hope is capable of surviving the criticisms of Marxists and cosmologists and retains its traditional position as an essential part of systematic theology. Hegel’s understanding of the relation of the End to the Beginning is erroneous. The God of hope must be understood in trinitarian terms as a God who has a life and a history. There is no alternative to faith in a God of hope other than nihilism.
Biblical Hope and Moral Endeavour
Authors: Graham Gordon
Published: September 2022

The paper contrasts the humanist and Christian positions, arguing that the former is not one of enlightened optimism but rather renders moral endeavour hopeless. Christian affiliation may at first sight not seem to fare any better, but it affirms the reality of prayer and the divine answers to it. Ultimately Christian hope rests on the promises of God. Within the Christian framework of thinking there is good reason to believe, then, in the hopefulness of moral endeavour. All this leads to a programme for further explorations as hope seeks for understanding (spes quaerens intellectum).
Does Revelation 14:11 Teach Eternal Torment? Examining a Proof-text on Hell
Authors: Bowles Ralph G.
Published: September 2022

This article examines a text (Rev. 14: 11) that is usually cited to support the doctrine of hell as eternal torment. A new exegetical interpretation of Revelation 14: 11 is proposed, suggesting that the traditional reading of the elements of this verse misses the inverted parallelistic structure of the unit Revelation 14:9-11. When the chiasm is discerned, the meaning of the text is seen to give no confirmation to ‘eternal torment’. Rather, this text fits well into the Conditional Immortality interpretation. This view holds that God will finally and fully bring his enemies to judgement, with absolute destruction and extinction as the result. This text is also discussed in the context of the Revelation to John, and the general teaching of the New Testament on the destiny of the unsaved. Some concluding comments of the function of interpretative doctrinal grids are offered.
A new saxicolous species, Rinodina jacutica (Physciaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia
Authors: GALANINA IRINA A. , SHEARD JOHN W. , KONOREVA LIUDMILA A.
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a new saxicolous species of Rinodina from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia. Rinodina jacutica is characterized by spores of the Dirinaria-type and type A development, a light-gray thallus with a slight yellowish tinge and spot tests K+ yellow and P+ yellow, atranorin present. The paper provides data on the morphology, anatomy, ecology, and collection site of R. jacutica.
Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae), a new species from the Three Gorges District in Central China
Authors: ZHANG CAI-FEI , WANG YAN , CHEN FENG , ZHOU HOU-LIN , LIAO MIAO , ODAGO WYCLIF OCHIENG , HU GUANG-WAN , WANG QING-FENG
Published: September 2022

Vincetoxicum is one of the largest genera in Apocynaceae with recent expansion that includes former Tylophora, Biondia, and other small genera. In this study, we describe Vincetoxicum pingtaoanum sp. nov., a new woody species of Apocynaceae from the Three Gorges District in Central China based on our recent field and old herbarium collections. It is unique due to its growth habit and leaf characteristics which is similar to the former Biondia species. However, it has the well-developed corona common to the former Tylophora species. Diagnostic characteristics, a full description, photographs, ecology, and a distribution map and conservation status of the new species are provided in this study. Detailed comparisons with similar species and a key to all known species of Vincetoxicum from the Three Gorges District are also provided.
Pollen micromorphology and ultrastructure on four genera from Asphodelaceae and their taxonomical implication
Authors: HEIDARIAN MEHDI , MASOUMI SEYED-MOHAMMAD , FALLAH FAHIMEH
Published: September 2022

Nine species from genera including Aloe, Asphodelus, Eremurus, and Hemerocallis (from subfamilies Asphodeloideae and Hemerocallidoideae) were examined by LM (Light Microscopy) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Moreover, two species from Aloe and Eremurus were selected (Aloe vera and Eremurus spectabilis) and examined by TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). Our results showed that some qualitative (exine ornamentation from central and distal regions of the pollen grains and sulcus margin exine ornamentation) and all quantitative characteristics were varied. Dendrogram of the palynological characteristics constructed three pollen types (type 1 or Eremurus-Aloe type, type 2 or Asphodelus type, and type 3 or Hemerocallis type) that partly supported the genera level of the cladogram resulted from recent phylogenetical research and taxonomical issues. Also, the situation of subgenera from Eremurus was heterogenous in the palynological dendrogram. The studied species of Aloe and Eremurus were placed in type 1. The ultrastructure data, such as sporoderm thickness and number of intine layers in the sulcus margin region provided a better resolution for their differentiation from two selected species of these genera.
Hyphocapnodia sichuanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Capnodiaceae), a novel hyphomycete from Sichuan Province, China
Authors: LU ZHENG-HUA , WANASINGHE DHANUSHKA N. , MADRID HUGO , MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA SAJEEWA S. N.
Published: September 2022

A hyphomycetous sooty mould was collected on a dead bamboo (Bambusoideae, Gramineae) from a terrestrial habitat in Sichuan Province, China. To establish the phylogenetic position of newly collected sooty mould within the Capnodiales, we sequenced two rDNA regions, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and 28S, and two protein-coding genes tef1-α and rpb2. Based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of a combined dataset and an examination of morphology, we describe and illustrate Hyphocapnodia gen. et sp. nov. Hyphocapnodia sichuanensis is characterized by subcylindrical, dark brown to black synnemata with monoblastic conidiogenous cells producing subcylindrical to fusiform, transversely septate, brown conidia with a truncate base.
Platystele peruviana sp nov. (Orchidaceae), the smallest orchid from Peru
Authors: RIZO PATRÓN FEDERICO L.
Published: September 2022

A new orchid species is described, Platystele peruviana, from Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru, and can be considered, at this moment, the smallest orchid in the country. This species differs from other related species by the morphology of the ovate lip with circular glenion and the lateral sepals parallel, subfalcate and connate. A brief history of Platystele is provided along with the botanical description and illustrations of the new species. Finally, a key to the Peruvian Platystele species is provided, in English and Spanish.
A new species of Aponychus (Acariformes, Tetranychidae) from China
Authors: PAN XIAO-JUAN , JIN DAO-CHAO , YI TIAN-CI
Published: September 2022

Aponychus mai sp. nov. is the fourth reported species of Aponychus collected from bamboo in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province in Mainland China. We described this new species based on a larva, three deutonymphs and ten adults, and also explored the ontogenetic development, especially the discussion of the development in leg chaetotaxy.
Storms and Precipitation Across the continental Divide Experiment (SPADE)
Authors: Thériault Julie M. , Leroux Nicolas R. , Stewart Ronald E. , Bertoncini André , Déry Stephen J. , Pomeroy John W. , Thompson Hadleigh D. , Smith Hilary , Mariani Zen , Desroches-Lapointe Aurélie , Mitchell Selina , Almonte Juris
Published: September 2022

The Canadian Rockies are a triple-continental divide, whose high mountains are drained by major snow-fed and rain-fed rivers flowing to the Pacific, Atlantic, and Arctic Oceans. The objective of the April–June 2019 Storms and Precipitation Across the continental Divide Experiment (SPADE) was to determine the atmospheric processes producing precipitation on the eastern and western sides of the Canadian Rockies during springtime, a period when upslope events of variable phase dominate precipitation on the eastern slopes. To do so, three observing sites across the divide were instrumented with advanced meteorological sensors. During the 13 observed events, the western side recorded only 25% of the eastern side’s precipitation accumulation, rainfall occurred rather than snowfall, and skies were mainly clear. Moisture sources and amounts varied markedly between events. An atmospheric river landfall in California led to moisture flowing persistently northward and producing the longest duration of precipitation on both sides of the divide. Moisture from the continental interior always produced precipitation on the eastern side but only in specific conditions on the western side. Mainly slow-falling ice crystals, sometimes rimed, formed at higher elevations on the eastern side (>3 km MSL), were lifted, and subsequently drifted westward over the divide during nonconvective storms to produce rain at the surface on the western side. Overall, precipitation generally crossed the divide in the Canadian Rockies during specific spring-storm atmospheric conditions although amounts at the surface varied with elevation, condensate type, and local and large-scale flow fields.
A Simple Mechanistic Model of Wave–Mean Flow Feedbacks, Poleward Jet Shifts, and the Annular Mode
Authors: Lorenz David J.
Published: September 2022

Changes in the latitude of the zonal-mean midlatitude jet play an important role for both natural variability and the response of the atmospheric circulation to greenhouse gases and other external forcing. Nevertheless, the jet response to external forcing exhibits perplexing and nonintuitive behavior. For example, external forcing that acts to strengthen the jet will also shift the jet poleward. In addition, for internal jet variability, zonal wind anomalies slowly propagate poleward over most latitudes; however, this propagation stalls somewhat at latitudes on the flanks of the mean jet. At these latitudes zonal wind anomalies are more stationary, and therefore, anomaly persistence is maximized. These same persistent latitudes are collocated with the zonal wind anomalies associated with the annular mode. Feedbacks between the zonal-mean zonal wind and the eddy momentum fluxes are responsible for the above behaviors. Here a simple mechanistic model of the effect of the zonal-mean zonal wind on the eddy momentum fluxes is developed. The model reproduces the wave–mean flow feedbacks that maintain the annular mode, cause stronger jets to shift poleward (and vice versa), and cause the poleward propagation of zonal wind anomalies. In the model, the effect of the mean flow on the eddy momentum fluxes is determined solely by the critical level and the reflecting level. The model is used to distill the essential dynamics of annular variability and change such as why stronger jets shift poleward, why high-frequency eddies are responsible for the positive feedback and why the intricate structure of propagating versus stationary zonal wind anomalies exists.
The Combined Influence of the Madden–Julian Oscillation and El Niño–Southern Oscillation on Australian Rainfall
Authors: Cowan Tim , Wheeler Matthew C. , Marshall Andrew G.
Published: September 2022

This study first re-examines the impact of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on weekly rainfall probabilities and wind anomalies across Australia, motivated by the need for a contemporary understanding of the MJO’s influence on Australian rainfall, whether this has changed from a previous assessment published in 2009. With an extra 15 years of observations, we show that the strong impact of MJO phases 5 and 6 on northern Australia’s austral summer rainfall has weakened by around 5% over Australia’s Top End. In addition, austral spring has seen a weakening of the suppressed rainfall teleconnection with MJO phases 2 and 3 over southeast Australia. The weakened relationships make it a little harder to use the MJO to explain rainfall variations over northern Australia in summer and southeast Australia in spring in the current climate. The study’s second motivation is to further document the combined influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the MJO on rainfall. In summer during El Niño, as compared with La Niña or neutral ENSO conditions, there are stronger reductions in rainfall probabilities over northern Australia associated with the dry MJO phases 8, 1, and 2, but the significantly increased rainfall probabilities in MJO phases 5 and 6 remain much the same. Indeed, the MJO dominates over ENSO in its influence on weekly rainfall probabilities in the north in summer. In contrast, ENSO tends to dominate across subtropical and southern Australia in spring. The updated probability maps are an important resource for estimating the intraseasonal influence of the MJO and ENSO on Australian rainfall.

Significance Statement

Accompanying forecasts of multiweek rainfall, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology provide average condition maps showing the long-term relationship between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and Australian weekly rainfall. Motivated by discussions with northern Australian beef producers, we updated the maps using high-resolution data and found that in the austral summer, the association between the MJO and northern rainfall has weakened in the past 15 years. Despite this, the MJO still dominates over El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) as a driver of changes in week-to-week rainfall over northern Australia in summer, although ENSO dominates farther south in spring. This study gives users an improved understanding of what to expect in terms of upcoming weekly weather when interpreting rainfall and MJO predictions.
Bubble-Turbulence Dynamics and Dissipation Beneath Laboratory Breaking Waves
Authors: Smith Andrew W. , Haus Brian K. , Stanley Rachel H. R.
Published: September 2022

Bubbles directly link sea surface structure to the dissipation rate of turbulence in the ocean surface layer through wave breaking, and they are an important vehicle for air–sea transfer of heat and gases and important for understanding both hurricanes and global climate. Adequate parameterization of bubble dynamics, especially in high winds, requires simultaneous measurements of surface waves and breaking-induced turbulence; collection of such data would be hazardous in the field, and they are largely absent from laboratory studies to date. We therefore present data from a series of laboratory wind-wave tank experiments designed to observe bubble size distributions in natural seawater beneath hurricane conditions and connect them to surface wave statistics and subsurface turbulence. A shadowgraph imager was used to observe bubbles in three different water temperature conditions. We used these controlled conditions to examine the role of stability, surface tension, and water temperature on bubble distributions. Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates were determined from subsurface ADCP data using a robust inertial-subrange identification algorithm and related to wind input via wave-dependent scaling. Bubble distributions shift from narrow to broadbanded and toward smaller radius with increased wind input and wave steepness. TKE dissipation rate and shear were shown to increase with wave steepness; this behavior is associated with a larger number of small bubbles in the distributions, suggesting shear is dominant in forcing bubbles in hurricane wind-wave conditions. These results have important implications for bubble-facilitated air–sea exchanges, near-surface ocean mixing, and the distribution of turbulence beneath the air–sea interface in hurricanes.

Significance Statement

Bubbles are a vehicle for the flux of heat, momentum, and gases between the atmosphere and ocean. These fluxes contribute to the energy budgets of hurricanes, climate, and upper-ocean biology. Few to no simultaneous measurements of surface waves, bubbles, and turbulence have been made in hurricane conditions. To improve numerical model representation of bubbles, we performed laboratory experiments to parameterize bubble size distributions using physical variables including wind and waves. Bubble distributions were found to become broadbanded and shift toward smaller radius with increased wind stress and wave steepness. Turbulence dissipation rate and shear were shown to increase with wave steepness. Our results give the first physically based bubble distribution parameterization from naturally breaking waves in hurricane-force conditions.
The Promise and Challenge of Local Initiatives That Support Reentry and Reintegration
Authors: Christian Johnna
Published: September 2022

Scholars and policy-makers are increasingly recognizing the limitations of bureaucracies to deliver the services and interventions that are most needed by people who have been impacted by the justice system. We are also seeing the ways in which supervision practices can exacerbate the challenges that formerly incarcerated people face in terms of meaningful reintegration with family and community after imprisonment. Local reentry initiatives are showing potential as a mechanism to advance the individual and collective well-being of justice-involved people. This article examines the strategies and initiatives of community-directed organizations that provide for people who have been incarcerated and considers lessons for future practice. Among our key findings are that services need to include people with histories of justice involvement in leadership at all levels of their organizations and that the outcome measures for success in service provision should not be limited to recidivism.
Key methodological challenges in detecting circulating miRNAs in different biofluids
Authors: Mestry Chitra , Ashavaid Tester F , Shah Swarup AV
Published: September 2022

The technological advancement in diagnostic techniques has immensely improved the capability of predicting disease progression. Yet, there is a great interest in developing newer biomarkers that can enhance disease risk prediction thereby minimising the associated morbidity and mortality. Circulating miRNAs, a non-coding RNA molecule, are critical regulators in the pathophysiology of various complex multifactorial diseases. In recent years, circulating miRNAs have been enormously studied and are considered as an emerging biomarker due to their easy accessibility, stability, and detection by sequence-specific amplification methods. However, there is a distinct lack of consensus regarding the preanalytical factors such as preferred sample selection, methodological aspects, etc that may independently or together influence the detection of circulating miRNAs resulting in erroneous expression profiles. Therefore, the present review makes an attempt to highlight the various pre-analytical and analytical factors that can potentially influence the circulating miRNA levels. Literature on circulating miRNA’s stability, processing and quantitation in different biofluids along with the effect of various controllable and uncontrollable factors influencing circulating miRNA expression have been summarised in the current review.
Fragile Fortune: State Power and Concentrated Wealth in China
Authors: Xu Yan
Published: September 2022

A sizable group of superwealthy business elites have emerged in China, now home to the world’s second-largest number of US dollar billionaires. Whereas existing studies highlight how large fortunes confer enormous power to their holders, this article shows, through an original data set on China’s top business tycoons, that they often have trouble sustaining their absolute wealth or relative position. It argues that a key source of concentrated wealth’s fragility in China is autonomous and unchecked state power. While the state’s developmental orientation has limited predation and facilitated wealth accumulation, its discretion in economic and legal matters allows it to discipline and punish tycoons whose behaviors have contravened its priorities. Leveraging the intensification of state pressure after 2012, the article further finds that business networks among tycoons alleviate threats from the state. The uneasy relations between the state and the largest capitalists set China apart from many capitalist societies.
Now showing: The presentation. Using video recording to enhance Balint leadership training
Authors: Metzger Eran D , Brock Clive D
Published: September 2022

Review of video recorded sessions is a powerful teaching tool in medical education, helping students appreciate both spoken and unspoken communications not fully appreciated in the moment. For many years, the American Balint Society has used video review in its Leadership Training Intensive courses, however technical challenges around setting up and operating the equipment have led some faculty to question whether the benefits are worth the effort and anxiety. We describe here an approach to video review in Intensives with a focus on the case presentation. Close attention to the case presentation can uncover important clues about a presenter’s feelings and conflicts in a case, clues that may easily be missed on first pass. The Balint group leader listens for clues and cues to the patient’s state of mind, and how the clinician is being distracted or deflected from their authentic role. Focusing the video review at an Intensive on the case presentation highlights for novice leaders the importance of maintaining keen focus on this initial section of the Balint group process for information on “what this case is about.” Finally, we predict that Balint group leaders who emerge from an Intensive with this new appreciation for close listening to the presentation will not only be more effective Balint group leaders but will also be in a better position to serve as clinical role models, teaching by example to their Balint group members the importance of attending closely to the patient’s communications in the patient – clinician encounter.
The Juice is Worth the Squeeze: Psychiatry Residents’ Experience of Balint Group
Authors: Nalan Prathiksha , Manning Alexandra
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Balint Groups provide physicians with a forum to develop their capacity to empathically engage with patients, through exploring patient-provider relationships. The Dalhousie University Department of Psychiatry implemented a mandatory Balint Group as part of the junior resident curriculum. The purpose of this study is to explore how residents describe their experience of participating in this Balint Group.

Methods

Psychiatry residents in their first year of training participated in a focus group to discuss their experiences of the Balint Group. Data was analyzed using content analysis.

Results

Three main categories were identified: the purpose of, the process of, and participation in the Balint Group. Process was subdivided into Balint Frame and Institutional Factors. Participation was further subdivided into vulnerability, reflection, fellowship, and validation.

Conclusion

Residents attributed fellowship with their peers, self-efficacy and hope in their work to their participation in the Balint Group. While there was an adjustment period, residents grew to accept, and even appreciate the group. Lack of problem-solving became accepted as part of the purpose of the group and this acceptance was attributed to having other avenues within the program to address problems raised in the discussion. Feeling disconnected when the session ended was described and was related to the abrupt termination of the virtual session or having to exit the group early to return to clinical duties. While the virtual nature of the group was not explicitly identified as a challenge, having to leave early was. While these institutional factors can be mitigated through programmatic implementation, they are not a deal breaker to implementing a Balint Group in a residency training program. Even in a lunch hour or virtual environment our data suggests that the juice is worth the squeeze.
The dual discourse phenomenon and its deep logic in the rights protection of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta
Authors: Cao Jiaqi , Chen Yingying
Published: September 2022

The increasing popularity of the Internet and the rapid development of social media in China have given more power of discourse to migrant workers, who have traditionally been in a disadvantageous position in terms of labor conflict. Based on a textual analysis of a typical strike, this article finds that, during collective protest, the discourse of migrant workers is dual, as it consists of both a traditional class discourse and a modern legal discourse. When using traditional class discourse, they do so to justify their actions and win the sympathy and support of public opinion. When applying modern legal discourse, they do so to cater to the governing concept of rule by law in contemporary China and use it as a means to advocate practical economic interests. This dual discourse is a reflection of the political reality in contemporary China, and points to the contradiction faced by China’s ruling party in the transition period.
A Goods-Dominant—Service-Dominant Perspective on Counterfeiting
Authors: Rohit Sudeep , Ranjan Kumar Rakesh
Published: September 2022

Extant research is equivocal on the positive and negative implications of counterfeits and is unable to offer an explanation for why purchase and use of counterfeits evoke mixed and contentious responses. We argue that the unreconciled claims about counterfeits are partially rooted in the divided logics of value, as articulated by the goods-dominant logic (GDL) versus service-dominant logic (SDL). We develop a conceptual understanding of non-deceptive counterfeits (NDCs) atop SDL axioms, along key extant research debates. Our examination of the theoretical GDL-SDL views of NDCs with a synthesis of 132 extant academic works, informs the adversarial orientation towards such products. We address extant debates using a content analysis of studies on NDCs. We offer propositions that link the theoretical relevance of evaluating outcomes of NDCs from an SDL perspective and provide foci for future research on this subject.
Burnout phenomenon: neurophysiological factors, clinical features, and aspects of management
Authors: Khammissa Razia A.G. , Nemutandani Simon , Feller Gal , Lemmer Johan , Feller Liviu
Published: September 2022

Burnout syndrome is a distinct “occupational phenomenon” rather than a medical condition, comprising emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness. Both exogenous work-related and endogenous personal factors determine the extent and the severity of symptoms in burnout syndrome. Persistent burnout is a cause of reduced quality of life and is associated with increased risk of sleep impairment and with several medical disorders including mild cognitive impairment, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Active coping strategies promoting mental resilience and adaptive behavior, stress-reducing activities, improving work conditions, and reducing exposure to work stressors together may alleviate the distress of burnout and should be introduced early in the clinical course of burnout syndrome. The purpose of this review was to explain this complex and puzzling phenomenon and to describe burnout management.
Feline pulmonary carcinoma: Gross, histological, metastatic, and immunohistochemical aspects
Authors: Santos Igor R. , Raiter Jacqueline , Lamego Éryca C. , Bandinelli Marcele B. , Dal Pont Tainah P. , Siqueira Kalvin F. , Almeida Bruno A. , Panzeira Welden , Sonne Luciana , Driemeier David , Pavarini Saulo P.
Published: September 2022

Feline pulmonary carcinoma (FPC) is an uncommon neoplasm with unique morphological features. We describe the gross, histological, metastatic, and immunohistochemical aspects of FPC, based on postmortem examinations from an 11-year retrospective study. Thirty-nine cases were selected. Predispositions were observed in senior ( P < .001) and Persian ( P = .039) cats. There were three gross patterns of the pulmonary tumors: (a) a large nodule and additional smaller nodules, (b) a solitary nodule, and (c) small, multifocal to coalescent nodules. Extrapulmonary metastases were present in 22/39 cases (56.4%), mainly in the regional lymph nodes (17/39, 43.5%), skeletal muscles (9/39, 23%), kidneys (6/39, 15.3%), and parietal pleura (4/39, 10.2%). The primary tumor size was correlated with the occurrence of extrapulmonary metastases ( P = .002). Histologically, the tumors were classified as papillary adenocarcinoma (19/39, 48.7%), adenosquamous carcinoma (ADS) (8/39, 20.5%), acinar adenocarcinoma (6/39, 15.3%), solid adenocarcinoma (3/39, 7.6%), lepidic adenocarcinoma (2/39, 5.1%), and micropapillary adenocarcinoma (1/39, 2.5%). By immunohistochemistry, 39/39 cases (100%) were positive for pancytokeratin, 34/39 (87.1%) for thyroid transcription factor-1, and 8/39 (20.5%) for vimentin. Immunoreactivity for p40 was detected in the squamous component of all ADSs (8/8, 100%) and occasionally in the glandular component of adenocarcinomas (10/31, 32.2%). Napsin A expression was absent in all feline tissue tested. The results indicate that a modified and simplified histological classification based on current human and domestic animal systems is appropriate for cats. Additionally, this study highlights the utility of p40 as an immunohistochemical marker for the diagnosis of FPC with squamous differentiation.
Mindfulness Self-Compassion: Helping Family Caregivers Cope with Cognitive Behaviors of Dementia
Authors: Spigelmyer Pamela C. , Kalarchian Melissa , Lutz Calvin , Brar Pavan
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To test the feasibility of recruiting dementia family caregivers to participate in the holistic intervention of mindfulness self-compassion (MSC) to decrease perceived distress. There are few studies focused on MSC for dementia caregivers. Design: An interdisciplinary approach (nursing and psychology) and uncontrolled experimental design tested a holistic intervention Mindfulness Self Compassion (MSC) as a coping strategy using the Stress Process framework. Findings: Twenty-four caregivers participated. Dementia caregivers’ use of positive reappraisal increased with a mean difference of 2.53 (t  =  2.10; SD = 5.23) (p  =  .049) indicating that family caregivers may have increased their use of positive reappraisal. MSC sessions impacted the caregivers ways of coping with increases in accepting responsibility [model: F(4, 13)  3.18, p-value 0.0499, R-sq  =  49.5%, estimate: B  =  1.11, t  =  2.64, p-value  =  0.02)] and impacted caregivers’ ways of coping using distancing [model: F(4, 13)  1.47, p-value 0.2682, R-sq =  31.1%, estimate: B  =  1.63, t  =  2.19, p-value  =  0.05)]. Conclusion: Satisfaction with MSC was high among caregivers. At the study's conclusion, caregivers appraised their caregiving non-judgmentally and reduced their negative thoughts of difficult situations. MSC as a holistic practice has the potential to shift caregivers’ focus to positive appraisals and promote caregiver wellbeing.
Clinical presentation and outcomes of syphilitic meningitis among hospitalized adults in lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Chomba Mashina , Siddiqi Omar K , Fwoloshi Sombo , Mubanga Eugene , Koralnik Igor J , Marra Christina , Saylor Deanna
Published: September 2022

Background

Few studies exist to describe the characteristics of symptomatic syphilitic meningitis, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, despite a global resurgence.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort of adults with meningitis presenting to Zambia’s largest referral hospital between April 2014 and December 2017. Individuals with pyogenic bacterial and cryptococcal meningitis were excluded from this cohort. We calculated the prevalence of syphilitic meningitis in the cohort and described the demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes.

Results

Of 512 participants, 273 were male, mean age was 37 ± 11 years and 84% were people living with HIV. The prevalence of syphilitic meningitis was 5% with in-hospital and 1-year mortality of 17% and 53%, respectively. Participants with syphilitic meningitis had lower Glasgow Coma Scores than those with other forms of meningitis. Among people living with HIV, those with syphilitic meningitis were less likely to have meningismus and had higher CSF white cell counts.

Conclusions

Syphilitic meningitis was found in 5% of Zambian adults presenting with non-pyogenic bacterial meningitis and non-cryptococcal meningitis, and one-year mortality was high. A high degree of clinical suspicion for syphilitic meningitis in all individuals with meningitis in Zambia is recommended, especially in people living with HIV.
Stress and Stress-Induced Glucocorticoids Facilitate Empathic Accuracy in Men but Have No Effects for Women
Authors: Nitschke Jonas P. , Pruessner Jens C. , Bartz Jennifer A.
Published: September 2022

Empathy, the ability to understand the feelings of other people, is critical for navigating our social world and maintaining social connections. Given that acute stress, and resulting increased glucocorticoids, triggers a shift in two large-scale brain networks, prioritizing salience over executive control, we predicted that acute psychosocial stress would facilitate empathic accuracy. We also investigated the moderating role of gender, given that men typically show a more robust glucocorticoid response to acute stress than women. As predicted, results from two independent experiments ( N = 267 college-age participants; 2,256 observations) showed that acute psychosocial stress facilitated empathic accuracy for men, an effect related to their glucocorticoid response in the stress condition. Conversely, psychosocial stress had no effect on empathic accuracy for women, who also showed a smaller cortisol response to stress than men. Exploratory analyses further revealed that women taking oral contraceptives performed worse on the empathic-accuracy task than regularly cycling women. This research highlights the important, but complex, role of stress in cognitive empathy.
Performances of different classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus in a single-center cohort from Turkey
Authors: Torun Ege Sinan , Bektaş Erdem , Kemik Fatih , Bektaş Murat , Çetin Çiğdem , Yalçinkaya Yasemin , Artim Esen Bahar , Gül Ahmet , Inanç Murat
Published: September 2022

Objective

Sensitivity and specificity of SLE classification criteria may vary in different populations and clinical settings. In this study, we aimed to compare the performances of three criteria sets/rules (1997, 2012, and 2019) in a large cohort of patients and relevant diseased controls.

Methods

The medical records of consecutive SLE patients and diseased controls were reviewed for clinical and laboratory features relevant to all sets of criteria. Criteria sets/rules were analyzed based on sensitivity, positive predictive value, specificity, and negative predictive value, using clinical diagnosis with at least 6 months of follow-up as the gold standard. A subgroup analysis was performed in ANA positive patients.

Results

A total of 393 SLE patients and 308 non-SLE diseased controls were included. Sensitivity was 78.4% for 1997 criteria and was more than 90% for both 2012 (91.9%) and 2019 (94.4%) criteria. Specificity was the highest (95.1%) for 1997 ACR criteria, 91.5% for 2012 SLICC criteria and 91.2% for 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria. When only ANA positive patients were analyzed, sensitivity of each criteria increased by 1%, 0.8%, and 2.2%, respectively. Specificity of 1997 criteria decreased by 2% and specificity of 2012 and 2019 criteria both decreased to less than 90%.

Conclusion

EULAR/ACR criteria were more sensitive than 1997 criteria and had a comparable performance with SLICC criteria. When only ANA positive patients were analyzed, the presence of false positive results (originated from patients with Sjögren’s disease and antiphospholipid syndrome mainly) decreased the specificity of both SLICC and EULAR/ACR criteria.
Flexible semiparametric mode regression for time-to-event data
Authors: Seipp Alexander , Uslar Verena , Weyhe Dirk , Timmer Antje , Otto-Sobotka Fabian
Published: September 2022

The distribution of time-to-event outcomes is usually right-skewed. While for symmetric and moderately skewed data the mean and median are appropriate location measures, the mode is preferable for heavily skewed data as it better represents the center of the distribution. Mode regression has been introduced for uncensored data to model the relationship between covariates and the mode of the outcome. Starting from nonparametric kernel density based mode regression, we examine the use of inverse probability of censoring weights to extend mode regression to handle right-censored data. We add a semiparametric predictor to add further flexibility to the model and we construct a pseudo Akaike’s information criterion to select the bandwidth and smoothing parameters. We use simulations to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. We demonstrate the benefit of adding mode regression to one’s toolbox for analyzing survival data on a pancreatic cancer data set from a prospectively maintained cancer registry.
Unique Challenges to Diagnosing Human Herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) Encephalitis Following Post-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Case and Brief Review
Authors: Zhu Harrison , Ali Amir , Woan Karrune V. , Tam Eric , Yaghmour George , Flores Alan , Chaudhary Preet
Published: September 2022

A patient with an ultimate diagnosis of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) encephalitis developed central nervous system (CNS) symptoms 13 days after undergoing myeloablative haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Due to the patient’s body habitus, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was not obtained until the onset of retrograde amnesia on day +24. MR imaging and other clinical findings eliminated all skepticism of HHV-6 encephalitis and HHV-6 antivirals were initiated on day +28, leading to gradual recovery. This case demonstrates some of the factors that may complicate the diagnosis of post-alloHSCT HHV-6 encephalitis. Because HHV-6 encephalitis and viremia can occur without warning, a single negative study should not exclude future development, especially if CNS symptoms are present. Acute graft-versus-host disease and cord blood transplantation are both significant risk factors for HHV-6 encephalitis. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch, engraftment complications, or certain HLA alleles have also been associated with HHV-6 encephalitis. Chromosomally integrated HHV-6 must also be ruled out to prevent inappropriate and potentially harmful administration of antivirals. Due to the severe short- and long-term sequelae of HHV-6 encephalitis, appropriate treatment should be administered as soon as possible.
Collective Dairy Farming, Women Empowerment and Social Inclusion: A Village-Level Study from Bihar, India
Authors: Nath Prafulla Kumar
Published: September 2022

Using the theory of change, the study captures how the dairy cooperative societies (DCS)-level activities under National Dairy Plan 1 (NDP I) have promoted women’s empowerment and social inclusion in rural societies. We use the case study method, in-depth interviews and informal talks to gather information from the women dairy farmers. We propose that dairy farmers under NDP-I have improved their socio-economic conditions, and dairy farming has increased the intra-household bargaining power of the farmer women. This article examines the role of the DCSs in improving the socio-economic status of weaker sections, including women and lower-caste people (Bihar, India). We find that social inclusion has been a regular practice at the DCS level, promoting a diversified social relationship among rural women. The findings highlight the process of change that has enhanced women’s agency to decide and act upon them at both the household and community level. The study captures the very process of change that empowers the weaker sections of rural Bihar. Earlier studies hardly have tried to understand the empowerment process through the lenses of ‘theory of change’.
The Empirical Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Episodes
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Rashid Abdul
Published: September 2022

This article classifies the extreme gross foreign direct investment (FDI) flow episodes into four types. It empirically investigates the determinants of each type by estimating complementary log-log (Clog–log) and probit regressions for 50 developing economies over the period 1990–2018. We document that domestic GDP growth rate, inflation, institutional quality, and human capital are the major empirical drivers of FDI flows. The world uncertainty index (WUI) is negatively associated with FDI inflows toward developing countries. Moreover, we find that the domestic GDP growth rate is positively associated with the probability of having FDI surge and FDI flight. In contrast, inflation is negatively linked with FDI surge episodes. These findings provide a better understanding of the empirical determinants of FDI flows to and from developing countries. The findings also help to understand the behavior of FDI extreme movements.
Broadband low-frequency flexural wave attenuation in beam-type metastructures with double-sides inertial amplified resonators
Authors: Li Yinggang , Li Xunyu , Ding Jiangming
Published: September 2022

We present the theoretical investigation on the flexural wave propagation and vibration attenuation characteristics in a Euler–Bernoulli beam-type metastructure with double-sides inertial amplified resonators. Based on Bloch theory, the dispersion relation and propagation characteristics of flexural waves are calculated by the spectral element method. The influences of system parameters on the flexural wave attenuation of the proposed beam-type metastructures are analyzed. Results show that broadband low-frequency flexural wave attenuation can be achieved by the proposed double-sides beam-type metastructures. The tunability of flexural wave band gap and vibration suppression performance significantly enhances. In addition, the low-frequency flexural wave band gap can be effectively modulated and optimized by changing the system parameters.
Use of high-intensity ultrasound as a pre-treatment for complex coacervation from whey protein isolate and iota-carrageenan
Authors: Vargas Sara A , Delgado-Macuil RJ , Ruiz-Espinosa Hector , Amador-Espejo Genaro
Published: September 2022

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) treatment on the molecular conformation of whey protein isolated (WPI) as a previous step for complex coacervation with iota carrageenan (IC) and its effect on the surface functional properties of complex coacervates (CC). Both biopolymers were hydrated (1% w/w) separately. A WPI suspension was treated with an ultrasonic bath (40 kHz, 600 W, 30 and 60 min, 100% amplitude). A non-sonicated protein was used as a control. Coacervation was achieved by mixing WPI and IC dispersions (10 min). FTIR-ATR analysis (400–4000 cm−1) detected changes after sonication on WPI secondary structure (1600–1700 cm−1), electrostatic interaction between WPI and IC by electronegative IC charged groups like sulfate (1200–1260 cm−1), anhydrous oxygen of the 3.6 anhydro-D-galactose (940–1066 cm−1) and the electropositive regions of WPI. Rheology results showed pseudoplastic behavior of both IC and WPI-IC with a significant change in viscosity level. Further, HIUS treatment had a positive effect on the emulsifying properties of the WPI-IC coacervates, increasing the time foaming (30 min) and emulsion stability (1 month) percentage. HIUS and complex coacervation proved to be an efficient tool to improve the surface functional properties of WPI.
Boredom, Art and Work: Tehching Hsieh’s ‘Time Clock Piece’ and the experience of working life
Authors: Lawn Katy
Published: September 2022

This paper addresses the work of Tehching Hsieh, a Taiwanese-American conceptual artist who uses boredom – and specifically boring labour – as a mode of production and conceptual influence in his artworks. The paper is introduced by sketching the connections between boredom, work and art; before considering the relationship that artworks have with production and boring labour. Particular attention is paid to the way that time-based artworks – specifically performance works – present a unique opportunity to consider boredom and labour, since they foreground the process of labour itself as art. This enables a reconsideration of the way in which work routines are often culturally coded as meaningful or essential pursuits; without proper consideration of the philosophical assumptions around work or the way that work is experienced. Through considering Hsieh’s approach, this paper elucidates the ways in which boredom functions as a critique of the nature of experience offered when undertaking labour in capitalist societies. Hsieh’s performance artwork ‘One Year Performance 1980-81’ – also known as ‘Time Clock Piece’ – is the substantive focus of the paper. An argument is developed around how artists replicate and critique bored time-spaces characterised by the elements of working life: namely – temporal restrictions, repetition and boring work. This leads to a closing-down of life’s textures, experiences and possibilities. This in turn reflects the fact that work often cannot offer the meaning, interest and fulfilment that it promises to the working subject. Hsieh’s artwork is emblematic of this void of meaning, but also paradoxically stimulates a movement towards meaning-making.