bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-modal Understanding and Generation for Medical Images and Text via Vision-Language Pre-Training: Development of Deep Learning Algorithm Study (Preprint)
Authors: Moon Jong Hak , Lee Hyungyung , Shin Woncheol , Kim Young-Hak , Choi Edward
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Recently a number of studies demonstrated impressive performance on diverse vision-language multi-modal tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering by extending the self-attention based Transformer architecture with multi-modal pre-training objectives. Despite its huge potential, vision-language multi-modal pre-training in the medical domain has only recently received attention, only demonstrated improved diagnosis accuracy of vision-language pre-trained models.

OBJECTIVE

In this work we explore a broad set of multi-modal representation learning tasks in the medical domain, specifically using radiology images and the unstructured report.

METHODS

We propose Medical Vision Language Learner (MedViLL) which adopts a Transformer-based architecture combined with a novel multi-modal attention masking scheme to maximize generalization performance for both vision-language understanding tasks (disease classification, medical image-report retrieval, and medical visual question answering) and vision-language generation task (radiology report generation).

RESULTS

By rigorously evaluating the proposed model on four downstream tasks with three radiographic image-text datasets (MIMIC-CXR, Open-I, and VQA-RAD), we empirically demonstrate the superior downstream task performance and generality of MedViLL against various baselines including task-specific architectures. In addition, we qualitatively analyze MedViLL by showing the results of retrieved image-report pair, the attention map visualization, and generated reports.

CONCLUSIONS

Our proposed multi-modal pre-training model MedViLL could flexibly adapt to multiple downstream tasks of vision-language understanding and generation with a novel self-attention scheme. We believe that our approach can provide the basis for a wide range of interpretations of vision-language multi-modal in the medical domain.
Evaluation of patient/caregiver and healthcare provider knowledge, attitudes and behavior for safety and use of pexidartinib
Authors: Salas Maribel , Julian Michele , Choi Youngsook , Islam Zahid , Henderson Mackenzie , Stemhagen Annette , O'Donnell Natalie , Tu Nora
Published: June 2021

Aim:
Pexidartinib was approved for the treatment of tenosynovial giant cell tumors with a required Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) to ensure its safe use. As required by the REMS, a survey was conducted to document the knowledge, attitudes and behavior (KAB) of patients/caregivers and healthcare providers (HCPs) regarding the risk of serious and potentially fatal liver injury due to pexidartinib, the need for liver testing prior to and during treatment and the need for patient counseling about this risk.
Patients & methods:
The KAB survey was conducted among 40 patients and 18 HCPs enrolled in the pexidartinib REMS.
Results:
Among patients, 87.5% demonstrated understanding of key risk message (KRM) 1 (risk of serious liver injury), 87.5% demonstrated understanding of KRM2 (liver testing requirement) and 77.5% demonstrated understanding of both KRMs. Among HCPs, 83.3% demonstrated understanding of KRM1, 88.9% demonstrated understanding of KRM2, 100% demonstrated understanding of KRM3 (patient counseling) and 83.3% demonstrated understanding of all three KRMs.
Conclusion:
The KAB surveys demonstrated that the educational goals of the pexidartinib REMS were being achieved.
Smart Logistics and Supply Chain with Machine Learning and IoT
Authors: R.M Pranav
Published: June 2021

Logistics is an important part of the Supply Chain. The management of logistics and supply chain is a complex process of planning and management of services, goods from the origin to the point of consumption. Logistics is defined as the process of managing movement of goods in and out of an organization. Supply Chain is defined as the process of managing movement and coordination of goods in between multiple organizations. Together Logistics and Supply Chain includes planning the transport, warehousing, inventory and sales an example of logistics could be the military stockpiling ammo whereas an example of Supply Chain management is making sure the right amount of goods reaches the destination, supplying more could lead to increased storage costs and supplying less could lead to inefficiencies. So, the main objective of Logistics is customer satisfaction and the main objective of Supply Chain is to have a competitive advantage by being more efficient. This project aims to have both customer satisfaction and efficiency and will achieved by implementing Internet of Things and Machine Learning to Logistics and Supply Chain. Large Corporations invest a lot of money to improve supply chains. This paper aims to help small businesses and rural businesses to improve their Supply Chain. This project aims at providing customer satisfaction and efficiency. Implementation using IoT and machine learning provides better efficiency. Keywords— Smart Logistics, Smart Supply Chain, Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, Machine Learning.
Detecting Fake Covid 19 News
Authors: Rathore Miss Himanshi
Published: June 2021

The fake news Detection program exists to help its users distinguish between useful information and baseless rumours. It helps one to verify it themselves. In the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, misinformation is particularly prevalent, leading to people believing false and potentially harmful statements and posts. The spread of panic and misunderstanding among the public can be reduced if fake news is detected quickly. This covid 19 fake news detection model is specifically built to identify fake news.
MEMS Operated Automatic Wheelchair
Authors: Anand K Risheek
Published: June 2021

The limitations with ancient wheel chairs chiefly embrace exibility, weight and restricted functions. several developments are created within the field of wheel chair technology; however, these couldn't aid the quadriplegics to navigate severally. Automatic wheel chair victimization MEMS technology enabled the top and neck quality of quadriplegics in a very price effective manner. The position of user’s head is born-again into speed and direction by the system. MEMS detector and PIC controller square measure the most components of the system. The amendment in direction of head is detected by the MEMS detector and corresponding signal is given to microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the wheel chair directions with the assistance of DC motors.
IoT based Smart Billing Trolley
Authors: Bhavi Supriya
Published: June 2021

The smart purchasing trolley machine helps clients while buying. The trolley has an automated billing gadget and it follows the movement instructions supplied by the consumer by using using hand gesture. An android utility is established in customers mobile. The goods bought via the consumer and their value will be robotically updated to the android application via internet and that invoice will routinely ship to the billing counter gadget in the store. This helps client by way of changing tedious process of pulling and pushing the trolley and saves time spent inside the billing counter. The automated buying trolley is a clever trolley which integrates with ultrasonic sensor, arduino, wifi module,weigh sensor in it. The scanned items by the purchaser using cellular app in order to automatically log into the shopping cart and thereby can generate bill for items decided on. These modules are included into an iot gadget and are tested to meet the functionality.
Machine Learning based Human Fall Detection System
Authors: P Nishanth
Published: June 2021

Falls have become one of the reasons for death. It is common among the elderly. According to World Health Organization (WHO), 3 out of 10 living alone elderly people of age 65 and more tend to fall. This rate may get higher in the upcoming years. In recent years, the safety of elderly residents alone has received increased attention in a number of countries. The fall detection system based on the wearable sensors has made its debut in response to the early indicator of detecting the fall and the usage of the IoT technology, but it has some drawbacks, including high infiltration, low accuracy, poor reliability. This work describes a fall detection that does not reliant on wearable sensors and is related on machine learning and image analysing in Python. The camera's high-frequency pictures are sent to the network, which uses the Convolutional Neural Network technique to identify the main points of the human. The Support Vector Machine technique uses the data output from the feature extraction to classify the fall. Relatives will be notified via mobile message. Rather than modelling individual activities, we use both motion and context information to recognize activities in a scene. This is based on the notion that actions that are spatially and temporally connected rarely occur alone and might serve as background for one another. We propose a hierarchical representation of action segments and activities using a two-layer random field model. The model allows for the simultaneous integration of motion and a variety of context features at multiple levels, as well as the automatic learning of statistics that represent the patterns of the features.
IOT Home Automation over the Cloud
Authors: Parwate Abhijeet K.
Published: June 2021

Home automations give full management and versatile watching of home appliances for exaggerated comfort, economical energy use, prices saving, improved safety and security, and have driven the event of assorted sensible homes technologies. This paper presents the implementation of a home automation system utilizing the web of Things (iot) technology. This work tackles the issues of quality and incompatible standards inherent within the existing home automation solutions employing a strong distributed computing approach. During this project mobile phones, computer & web as device application for the appliances. Still as GAS outflow monitor on web. That is employed in any general automation via web. Todays in Republic of India ninety four population used smartphone, computer and web. Therefore here used web OF THINGS idea that physical hardware devices connected to the web and obtaining knowledge on web additionally management appliances from internet. This method will use any application for dominant and watching from or to web.
Sliding Mode Controller Integrated HSAPF for Fast Reduction of Harmonics
Authors: Vinay Dasari
Published: June 2021

In this paper we are going to see how the DSM PI controller is used to reduce the harmonics in faster. DSM PI controller steps up the voltage to required level. The main aim is to improve the total harmonic distortion.
Design of Canal by Closing out Debits of Current Canal System
Authors: Patil Rahul
Published: June 2021

Canals are natural streams channels, or manmade streams, for water movement, or to support water movement, or to support water transport vehicles. Fundamental capacity of waterway is to convey water from water assets for irrigation or domestic utilization of water. The whole water movement framework for water system, containing the fundamental channel, branch waterways, major and minor distributaries. Water is a valuable asset. It is needed by human in doing distinctive day by day exercises. This valuable asset while going through the canal is lost from the channels through leakage from the sides and lower part of the canals and by evaporation from the top water surface of the canals. This project aims at modelling a canal section using HEC-RAS conducting flow analysis such that there is no silting and scouring in the canal. HEC-RAS is a computer program that help model the hydraulics of water flow through natural rivers and artificial or natural channels. The objective is to estimate evaporation and seepage losses and suggest necessary remedies in order to avoid these water debits from the canals.
Growth and Spectral Characterization of L-Valine Zinc Acetate Single Crystal
Authors: Ruby A.
Published: June 2021

L-Valine zinc acetate (LVZA) was synthesized and its solubility was estimated in the solvent of double distilled water. Single crystals of LVZA were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. The cell parameters were obtained by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. Functional groups of LVZA were identified by FTIR analysis. UV-vis-NIR spectral studies showed the optical nature of LVZA. Kurtz powder technique revealed the SHG efficiency of LVZA. Thermal properties of the grown LVZA crystal were studied from TGA/ DTA and DSC spectrum. Vickers’s mechanical hardness values were found for the grown crystal.
Implementing a Real Time Virtual Mouse System and Fingertip Detection based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Aneela Banda
Published: June 2021

Artificial intelligence refers to the simulation of human intelligence in computers that have been trained to think and act like humans. It is a broad branch of computer science devoted to the creation of intelligent machines capable of doing activities that would normally need human intelligence. Despite the fact that Artificial intelligence is a heterogeneous science with several techniques, developments in machine learning and deep learning are driving a paradigm shift in practically every business. Human-computer interaction requires the identification of hand gestures utilizing vision-based technology. The keyboard and mouse have grown more significant in human-computer interaction in recent decades. This involves the progression of touch technology over buttons, as well as a variety of other gesture control modalities. A normal camera may be used to construct a hand tracking-based virtual mouse application. We combine camera and computer vision technologies, such as finger- tip identification and gesture recognition, into the proposed system to handle mouse operations (volume control, right click, left click), and show how it can execute all that existing mouse devices can.
Synthesis and Efficiency Analysis of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Thomas Ankit Stephen
Published: June 2021

Perovskite solar cells are a new breed of solar cells belonging to the third generation of innovations that have witnessed an efficiency boost from 3.8% to 25.5% in a time frame of 10 years. There are a number of manufacturing techniques known and discovered by man to maximize the possibility of scalability across all sectors. Each synthesizing technique emerges with its own set of pros and cons which need to be correspondingly tackled based on the application scenario. The research advancements currently being carried out are discovering materials that can be exploited to replace the current PSCs and overcome the challenges of these devices, band gap engineering, and revamping metal contacts and lastly, reducing toxicity of current PSCs are few of the varied research opportunities available in this domain of renewables.
Performance Analysis and Modelling of Electric Vehicle using MATLAB/ADVISOR
Authors: Aakula Harika
Published: June 2021

The designing of Electric vehicles has gain higher importance in the entire world. It is important to model and design the vehicle for evaluating the prototype. The paper gives basic simulation of Electric vehicle in Type 2 configuration using MATLAB Simulink software. The analysis of different types of Electric vehicles has been done using ADVISOR. Through analysis few conclusions have been made regarding the performance of Electric vehicles.
Improvement of Power Quality using a Robust Hybrid Series Active Power Filter
Authors: Vinay Dasari
Published: June 2021

In this paper we are going to see how the DSM PI controller is used to reduce the harmonics in faster. DSM PI controller steps up the voltage to required level. The main aim is to improve the total harmonic distortion. Keywords: Shunt active filter, hybrid active filters, DSM PI controller
Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Sujini G Naga
Published: June 2021

The determination of coronary illness much of the time relies upon an unpredictable blend of clinical and neurotic information. Inlight of this intricacy, there exists a lot of revenue among clinical experts and analysts in regards to the productive and exact expectation of coronary illness. In this paper, we foster a coronary illness foresee framework that can help clinical experts in anticipating coronary illness status dependent on the clinical information of patients. AI grouping methods are incredibly helpful in the clinical field by giving exact outcomes and fast conclusion of illnesses. Consequently, these procedures save part of time for the two specialists and patients. The neural organizations can be utilized as classifiers anticipate the determination of Cardiovascular Heart sickness.
A Research Paper on Study of Performance of Online Appointment System with Respect to Traditional System from Patient’s Perspective
Authors: Pandey Akash
Published: June 2021

Planning appointments has become a daunting task especially for health professionals in hospitals and clinics. Failure of appointment appointments can also result in dispersed appointments, increased number of shows, general patient dissatisfaction and financial losses for health organizations. Many day-to-day medical centers now use a combination of telephone-based planning and computer-based appointments but there is still a technical and human error gap. This online facility can add power to any hospital or clinic website. Reduces the hard work associated with managing a medical environment. More time to commit to patient care, better patient compliance and financial efficiency are other rewards. The integration of covid time, technology and rapid population growth has been strongly driven to introduce patient planning online. In this used project, you sometimes experience minor problems where you need to consult a doctor about your health problems or nearby and follow their meetings. The Online Doctor System will provide one authorized direct communication between the doctors of your choice if necessary for your minor problems. Using the web Online Healthcare System, patients will be able to complete online forms in seconds before entering the virtual office room. It will also allow you to upload your lab results such as x-ray copies, medical history etc which your doctors may refer you for.
Scalar Control of Induction motor using Fuzzy logic
Authors: Abhilash Kesa
Published: June 2021

The main objective of the paper is to control the speed of an induction machine with scalar control technique using Fuzzy logic controller. Here the PI controller is replaced with Fuzzy Logic controller. By using Fuzzy Logic controller there are wider range of operating conditions can be covered and easier to adapt. For Fuzzy Logic controller some rules are written which play major role to control the speed of induction motor in an effective manner. The errors are evaluated according to rules defined.
Capping or Ground - Zero: What has the Closure of Ahmedabad’s Pirana Dumpsite Taught Us?-The Resident’s Perspective
Authors: Arya Utkarshi
Published: June 2021

Dumpsite are often most neglected public infrastructure in all our cities today. Largely because it entails least development and operation cost required among all the types of solid waste disposal and thus it is the most prevalent type of disposal facility also in most countries today. With time as these landfill sites have grown in size and their environmental implications the closing and upgradation has emerged as an essential step in reducing serious public health impacts. Landfills by definition are sited designated for dumping rubbish, garbage, or other sorts of non-reducible solid waste. With the increasing amount of waste from our homes. offices, hospitals, markets and schools it is high time that this issue of waste dumping is handled in a scientific manner. However, despite many attempts to manage our wastes most communities and cities leave the landfill sites unattended which causes severe land pollution, degradation of ground water and an uncontrolled built up of all sorts of solid waste material. Since most of these wastes are non-biodegradable they heap in landfills and stay there for years. The scenario gets even worse when these landfill sites are used beyond their prescribed capacity causing unbearable stench and serious health risks which can be gastrointestinal, dermatological, respiratory and even genetic in nature.
Hashtag Generation with Transfer Learning
Authors: Gopalachari M. Venu
Published: June 2021

In the recent past, Online Marketing applications have been a focus of research. Now-a-days we can observe a rapid growth of users on social media platforms which makes these platforms more suitable for Online Marketing. But still there are enormous challenges on the accuracy and authenticity of the content posted through social media. And if the social media business platforms are considered, majority of the users who try to add a market value to their own product face the problem of not getting enough attention from their target audience. Hashtags are super useful, not only do they help users find their desired product, they also help businesses reach their target audience. This paper focuses on providing trending hashtags for businesses to increase their reach in the market and also help users find their desired product. Firstly Data collection and preprocessing is done next few pre-trained model are selected for performing transfer learning, comparing results of various pre-trained models and choosing the best one and get the trending hashtags
Disease Classification with E-Report Generation, Authentication and Encryption
Authors: Kurane Ashish
Published: June 2021

The assortment of data analysis on the origin of diseases and consequences of mortality is essential to keep track of death rates caused due to diseases. Thus, the classification of diseases is very crucial. Cancer is one of the huge and major diseases of concern in the world. Machine learning is extensively implemented in the medical field in the anticipation of medical errors and early revelation of diseases. Along with the implementation of technology in medical field there is need for authentication to safeguard the privacy rights of patient’s health information. Thus, in this paper, revelation of disease using CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) algorithm is achieved along with authentication and automatic generation of e-medical report which is further encrypted using RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) algorithm to overcome the breach of information while being shared from one hospital to another.
Performance Analysis of TFET and VDSTFET for Low Power Application using the Work Function Engineering
Authors: Gupta Vaibhav
Published: June 2021

We report a design of TFET which is quite different from conventional TFET. The structure of VTFET is similar to MOSFET but the conducting mechanism is completely different. Vertical TFET is designed perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The switching and carrier transportation mechanism of VTFET is based on the mechanism of the band to band tunneling through a potential barrier and vertical TFET is based on tunneling perpendicular to the device rather than a mechanism like thermionic emission unlike in MOSFET. We have designed a model for the two-dimension structure of V-TFET which consists of the dual-source and single drain. The channel among the drain and gate region is extraordinarily thin. We have plotted the transfer characteristics of V-TFET according to device parameters using TCAD. The comparison of VTFET with DSVTFET is done by using Silvaco TCAD and the effect of source doping, and work function on transfer characteristics of the device is examined by using silvaco TCAD simulations. The proposed device produces a low-off current.
Simulation of Fuzzy Logic Controller Interfaced, Utility Grid Integrated Solar Water Pumping System using PMSM Drive
Authors: Nikhil Chenna
Published: June 2021

In this paper we are integrating utility grid to the DC link of solar water pumping system to eliminate intermittent nature of a solar energy and interfacing fuzzy logic controller to eliminate non-linearity of the system, controlling speed of a motor to a precise level, smoothen the operation of motor without ripples in supply to PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor).
Performance Evaluation of Map Reduce vs. Spark framework on Amazon Machine Image for TeraSort Algorithm
Authors: Kommu Gangadhara Rao
Published: June 2021

TeraSort is one of Hadoop’s widely used benchmarks. Hadoop’s distribution contains both the input generator and sorting implementations: the TeraGen generates the input and TeraSort conducts the sorting. We focus on the comparison of TeraSort algorithm on the different distributed platforms with different configurations of the resources. We have considered the parameters of measure of efficiency as Compute Time, Data Read, Data Write, Compute Time, and Speedup. We have conducted experiments using Hadoop map reduce and Spark (Java). We empirically evaluate the performance of TeraSort algorithm on Amazon EC2 Machine Images, and demonstrate that it achieves 3.95 × - 2.4 × speedup, compared with TeraSort, for typical settings of interest.
Ammonia Monitoring in Aquarium for Fish Protection and Alert Generation
Authors: Archana P.
Published: June 2021

Fish is an important species that benefits human life in several ways. Fisheries are the best food provider and also aquarium is used at home and public places which becomes decoration cum mind relaxing item. There are lot of attack to fish which goes unnoticed. Large number fish die due to the ammonia (NH3) produced as a by product of protea metabolism and is the most common waste product of fish. There is a given level of ammonia that becomes dangerous and leads to death of the fish. One of the solutions to this issue is to monitor ammonia in aquarium for fish protection and alert generation. A prototype is developed for monitoring the ammonia in the fish tank using Intern is used for protection and alert generation. Ammonia is monitored by measuring pH values. In this project a prototype model is developed that is connected through Internet of Things (IoT) such that it can be monitored in a remote station through mobile app. The prototype model includes an LCD display for local readout. The project will reach the benefit to many engaged in fisheries industry and also who are using Aquarium.
A.I.- Smart Assistant
Authors: Srivastava Nayan
Published: June 2021

Artificial Intelligent is widely used when it comes to everyday life. Computer science explains AI research as a study of brilliant agents. Every In almost any direction one turns to today, some computer-based information processing technology intervention, whether by a person knowingly or not. Artificial Intelligence has already changed our way of life. A device that we can see in its nature and take action increases its chances of success goals. Input to the recommendations algorithm can be a file for user database and items, and careless removal will be recommendations. User to install in the system by voice or text. This paper presents a new approach to it. All over the world, many people use the assistant. This paper introduces visual applications an assistant that helps to give humanity a chance at various domains. This paper also describes the annoyance of using visual assistant technology.
A Study on Stock Price Prediction using LSTM Model
Authors: Saini Koushal
Published: June 2021

Predicting stock price of any stock is a challenging task because the Volatility of stock market the nature of stock price is dynamic, chaotic, noisy and sometimes totally unexpected. The other most difficult task is to analyze and decide financial time series data that improves investment returns and help in minimizing losses. Technical analysis is a method that help in analyzing a stock and predict its future price via evaluating securities. There are already many Indicators and other tools for technical analysis in stock market. Some famous indicators such as SMA (Simple Moving Average), EMA (Exponential Moving Average), WMA (Weight Moving Average), VWMA (Volume Weight Moving Average), DEMA (moving averages), MACD (Moving Average Convergence/Divergence), ADX (Average Di- reactional Movement Index), TDI (Trend Detection Index), Arun, VHF (trend indicators), stochastic, RSI (Relative Strength Index), SMI(Stochastic Momentum Index, volume indicators are also available for technical analysis. Here, we have used the LSTM Model to predict future price of some big companies of stock market in NSE.
A System to Predict an Outbreak of a Disease using Twitter Data
Authors: Yadav Sneha M.
Published: June 2021

Social media (Twitter) data can be analyzed by the system to provide data regarding the diseases by checking the location from the tweets retrieved from Twitter. This will be done by searching for the disease in the system. Using tweets most used hash tag is retrieved to find out which disease is discussed to spread the awareness and it is helpful to prevent spreading of communicable Disease. Detecting the diseases that are widely spread in the society and predicting future stages of the diseases has become very important in modern life. The System is to make people aware of the Epidemic diseases in a particular location. The people can also search for other non-communicable diseases to check the tweets helpful to them in providing information regarding the disease. As many people are using social media to share different information we are utilizing this fact to make our system more efficient and reliable by taking the data from Twitter and analyzing various factors like sentiments, location. This can be utilized by anyone who needs information regarding the disease and can be utilized to support clinical providers, public health experts, social scientists, healthcare providers and Government.
Understanding Question Pair Similarity
Authors: Akhil Shekkari
Published: June 2021

One of the most important areas where the Natural Language Process of Machine Learning may help is determining if two questions are similar. The model we create can instantly detect if a question is similar to one that has already been posed. To find the underlying patterns in our data, we'll do a complete Exploratory Data Analysis. Based on our observations, we will do feature engineering. We'll try out a few different modelling strategies to determine which one works the best and keeps the greatest outcomes.
A Compact Metamaterial based Dual-Band Antenna with Improved Gain for WLAN Applications
Authors: Pradeep Pendli
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a compact metamaterial inspired dual band antenna is proposed for WLAN and WiMAX applications. The antenna consists of Square Split Ring Resonator structure with a defected ground plane and slots to enhance the bandwidth and gain parameters. Metamaterial based Microstrip patch antenna produces unique electromagnetic properties that allows us to control over the antenna parameters with a compact size. FR-4 epoxy is used as substrate its dielectric constant is 4.4 and loss tangent is 0.02. Dimensions of the antenna are 20 x 12 x 1.6mm3 with very compact size and cost effective. The proposed metamaterial based antenna resonates at dual bands at 5.13GHz and 5.53 GHz with impedance bandwidth of (|S11|<-10 dB) 4.96-5.26 GHz (300MHz) and 5.34-5.69 GHz (350MHz) respectively. The peak gains at resonant frequencies 5.13 GHz and 5.53 GHz are 1.61 dB and 1.62dB respectively. The proposed metamaterial based compact antenna can effectively work for WLAN and WiMAX application.
Recent Advances in Hearing Aid Technology-A Review
Authors: Das Animita
Published: June 2021

Hearing aids are electroacoustic gadgets commonly worn in or behind the ear and are intended to enhance the speech Nowadays hearing aids support various application unlike the traditional ones such that it can act like headphones streaming audio signals from internet-enabled devices connected wirelessly via Bluetooth. This paper aims to review the various advancements in the hearing aid technology. System on chip technology of the microcontroller have been used in various studies to develop and design an effective hearing assistant device and help the people with hearing impairment to lead a normal life. Ten articles have been reviewed for the study and it can be concluded that IoT is the future for an efficient, cost effective hearing assistive system [1]
Konvencijas par uzņēmējdarbību un cilvēktiesībām nepieciešamība
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Birģelis Mārtiņš
Published: June 2021

The current legal framework does not properly address the impact that transna­tional corporations have on human rights. In 2014, the UN Human Rights Council established an open-ended intergovernmental working group with a mandate to elaborate an international legally binding instrument to regulate the activities of transnational corporations and other business enter­prises. Yet this decision was strongly contested. This article outlines the main arguments for desirability of an international treaty on business and human rights and provides a response to some of the most common objections raised against the development of such legally binding instrument.
Tiesas jurisdikcija saskaņā ar Konvenciju par kravu starptautisko autopārvadājumu līgumu (CMR)
Authors:   Rīgas Juridiskā Augstskola, Fillers Aleksandrs ,   Latvijas Universitāte
Published: June 2021

Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR) is one of the leading conventions containing uniform private law rules. Most of its rules are substantive and regulate different aspects of the international contract of carriage. However, the CMR also contains jurisdictional rules. The article is intended as a short commentary on Article 31(1) CMR that establishes a rather specific jurisdictional regime for disputes arising from international contracts of carriage. Every time when a court faces a dispute related to a contract of carriage covered by the CMR, it must establish its jurisdiction. Thus, it is particularly important to clarify the most important issues concerning the application of Article 31(1) CMR.
Noilguma regulējums Latvijas civiltiesībās
Authors:   Rīgas Juridiskā Augstskola, Fillers Aleksandrs ,   Latvijas Universitāte
Published: June 2021

Extinctive prescription is a universally recognized mechanism to terminate obligations. However, every legal system must determine whether the extinctive prescription functions automatically (ipso iure) or does it grant a debtor a right to refuse the performance of prescribed obligations. The author argues that in Latvia the extinctive prescription must be functioning as an objection that the debtor may make to refuse the performance of an obligation. This necessarily implies that a court cannot raise the extinctive prescription unless it is invoked by the debtor.
Aizdevuma līguma priekšlīguma regulējuma mijiedarbība ar apstākļu izmaiņu klauzulu
Authors: Pavlovskis Germans
Published: June 2021

The article provides a scientific insight into the sources of Article 1935 of the Civil Law of the Republic of Latvia and their role in the development of the preliminary loan contract regulation, paying particular attention to the influence of pandectism. It compares the differences between legal consequences of concluding a preliminary loan contract and a preliminary contract regulated in Article 1541 of the Civil Law of the Republic of Latvia. The article concludes that the binding force of the preliminary loan contract shall be linked to the reservation of the changed circumstances clause.
Gribas izpauduma nozīme tiesiska darījuma noslēgšanā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Kadile Laura
Published: June 2021

The expression of will is a crucial aspect of lawful transaction in civil law. The will of the individual and its expression is significant in ensuring for the ability of an individual to enjoy and exercise his or her right to self-determination, as well as for the legal transaction to be recognized as valid. Only the transactions made by a person capable of expressing their free will and being able to be aware of the content and consequences of the legal transaction are in force. Therefore, the observation and assessment of such capacity is particularly important in view of the fact that, in circumstances where a person is unable to express his will freely, he may be denied the right to enter into a legal transaction, or, if the legal transaction has been concluded in circumstances where the individual has not been able to express free will, such transaction may be declared invalid.
Valsts nodevas regulējuma atsevišķie aspekti un prakses īpatnības civilprocesā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Ose Daina
Published: June 2021

This work reviews the questions related to state fee and court cost reim­bursement. One of the analysed issues is an obligation to review state fee in a defined period of time in order to ensure the basis for state fee regulation and its adequacy to the economic situation in the state. The second question is related to the exhaustive list of cases in the legal norm when person in the status of defendant has been made exempt from court cost reimbursement. In practice, identifying the need to define new cases, an application of those is allowed by introducing relevant changes into the legal norm.
Sporta preču zīmes
Authors:   Zvērinātu advokātu birojs “BDO Law”, Kaprāne Stella
Published: June 2021

The aim of the current article is to define sports trademarks concept, various types of sports trademarks, their Nice classification classes, preconditions for the imple­mentation of sports trade mark protection, as well as to bring to attention other relevant questions connected with trademark protection, such as the domain name protection. In preparation of the article, the author has studied court rulings, legal literature, various normative acts regarding trade marks and their protection. The applied methods include comparative method, analytical method, deduction and induction methods.
Tieslietu padomes lēmumu efektivitāte
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Harbaceviča Solvita
Published: June 2021

The question of effectiveness of Judicial Council’s decisions becomes topical in period of voiced disagreements among state powers. European type of Judicial Councils is designed to give strong representation to judiciary’s voice, however for any state power to be fully effective they need to conduct a dialogue and cooperate among themselves. The article looks at several recent examples of overlapping competencies, paying particular attention to the newly and controversially established Economic Affairs Court. The status of Judicial Council’s decisions in Latvian legal system is addressed, as well.
Cietušā interešu aizsardzība kriminālprocesā par intelektuālā īpašuma tiesību pārkāpumu
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Gurevičs Dāvids
Published: June 2021

The aim of this research is to clarify the problems pertaining to protection of interests of a subject of intellectual property rights as the victim in criminal proceedings. In criminal proceedings regarding infringement of intellectual property, the victim takes the central role in proving constituent elements of a criminal offence, i.e., harmful effect of an infringement. Hence, the victim is the only participant of criminal proceedings who can submit relevant evidence. However, there are several issues regarding protection of interests of a subject of intellectual property rights in criminal proceedings. The author provides his opinion on possible solutions of these issues, as well as indicates a probable need to make amendments to the regulation of intellectual property.
Faktiskās rīcības klasifikācija jeb faktiskās rīcības veidi
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Kovaļevska Anita
Published: June 2021

The classification of real actions has two purposes: 1) to describe the diversity of real actions; 2) to determine the legal norms applicable in a specific situation. The paper examines what types of real action classifications can be used to achieve these goals. To characterize the diversity of real actions, it can be divided into the following types: 1) action and inaction; 2) favorable and unfavorable real action; 3) lawful and unlawful real action, etc. In order to determine the legal norms applicable in a specific situation, it is important to divide real actions into the following types: 1) planned and unplanned real action; 2) intentional and unintentional real action; 3) one-off and long-term real action, etc.
Prostitūcijas definīcijas nepilnības un ar to saistīto noziedzīgo nodarījumu kvalifikācijas problēmjautājumi
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Liholaja Valentija
Published: June 2021

The article provides an analysis of the term “prostitution” and its explanation as sexual service or sexual activity, and the legal regulation thereof. In author’s opin­ion, this term in criminal law is not sufficiently explicit and does not include clear criteria of prostitution in cases, when a person is accused of pimping, prostitution and other prostitution-related offences. The ambiguity of the terms makes it difficult to define these offences and to distinguish prostitution from erotic measures. Developments of this problem are considered in the article.
Izmeklētāja un prokurora darbības kontrole un uzraudzība pirmstiesas procesa laikā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Juridiskā fakultāte, Meikališa Ārija
Published: June 2021

The article deals with one of the means to ensure the effectiveness of criminal proceedings – the supervision and control of the activities of the investigator and the prosecutor. It deals with the legal framework in Latvia and the problems identified in practice. It is recognised that the existing legal framework is considered to be incomplete. Proposals have been made for the necessary amendments to the legal norms of criminal proceedings in Latvia. The focus is on eliminating the dualism of the oversight of the inverstigator’s and the prosecutor’s activities and on introducing a clear collaboration model between investigator and prosecutor.
Life-Cycle Sustainability Assessment in the Design of Concrete Structures in the Tropics: A Fundamental Analysis
Authors: Jahandideh Farnaz , N. Raman Sudharshan , Jamil Maslina , Prakash R.
Published: June 2021

Due to the essential nature and increased appreciation to the issue of sustainability in recent decades, the evaluation and assessment of environmental impacts of concrete structures have been considered extensively by the scientific and construction fraternity. To enhance the resilience in the design of concrete structures in the tropics, it is essential to understand and acknowledge the impact of the geographical context, taking into account the widespread socio-economic circumstances in the tropics. Moreover, since all environmental impacts of a concrete structures through its life-cycle use are predictable through its Life-Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), it is therefore necessary to investigate this framework comprehensively. This research was undertaken to study and assess the existing methods in LCSA, as well as to assess the steps and materials that can significantly affect the environment during the whole life-span of concrete structures, and also to qualitatively understand the interaction among the geographic sense and sustainability in the tropics, considering the case of Malaysia. This study proposes a more comprehensive framework for LCSA in the design of concrete structures. The findings suggest that according to LCSA analysis, the environmental effects of concrete structures with almost the same functional quality can be different from each other.
Caracterización clínica, histológica y endoscópica del cáncer gástrico en el Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Ecuador
Authors: Muñoz Cedeño Ruben  Gustavo , Martínez Ballesteros Priscila Elizabeth , Paullan Sani Viviana , Rodríguez Chica Gema Nathalye
Published: June 2021

Introducción: el cáncer gástrico, a nivel mundial, tiene una incidencia variable y es una de las causas más frecuentes de muerte. En Ecuador ocupa el segundo lugar de muerte en los hombres y la cuarta en las mujeres por cáncer gástrico.

Objetivos: establecer las características sociodemográficas, clínicas, histológicas y endoscópicas, y determinar una correlación entre la localización e histología en una población de pacientes con cáncer gástrico en el Hospital de Especialidades de Guayaquil, Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón.

Materiales y métodos: estudio de prevalencia analítico y prospectivo. Se incluyeron las endoscopias digestivas altas de consulta externa y emergencia con signos de sospecha de cáncer gástrico realizadas en el Hospital de Especialidades de Guayaquil, Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, Ecuador, entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2019.

Resultados: en el estudio se incluyeron 62 pacientes con diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma gástrico, el sexo masculino representó el 72,6 % en relación con el sexo femenino, con el 27,4 %; el rango de edad fue entre los 27 y 95 años, el promedio de edad es de 60,96 ± 15,1 y la edad de mayor presentación fue de 60 a 70 años. El síntoma que predominó fue el dolor, en un 98,4 %, y la pérdida de peso, en un 64,5 %; su localización más frecuente fue el antro (50,0 %), su morfología de mayor presentación es el Borrmann tipo III y, con respecto al tipo histológico, se encontró el tipo intestinal (64,5 %) y el difuso (29,0 %). El tipo intestinal se presentó en edad más avanzada en un 60 %-69 %, fue más frecuente en el cuerpo (71,4 %) y su localización fue más proximal, en comparación con el tipo difuso, que se presentó más en edad temprana (27-39 años), fue más frecuente en el antro (32,3 %) y su localización fue más distal.

Conclusiones: el cáncer gástrico se diagnostica en estadios avanzados, más en hombres que en mujeres y se puede afirmar que en nuestro hospital la localización del cáncer gástrico tipo intestinal se presentó en edades avanzadas, más frecuentemente a nivel proximal y en la clasificación del cáncer gástrico avanzado Borrmann tipo III, lo cual podría tener influencia en el tratamiento y pronóstico. Además, los resultados obtenidos justifican la implementación de programas de detección oportuna y tratamiento de esta grave enfermedad.
Radially transmitted changes in hydraulic and osmotic pressures help explain reversible and irreversible patterns of tree stem expansion
Authors: Pfautsch Sebastian , Drake John , Aspinwall Mike , Dios Victor Resco de , Barton Craig , Meir Patrick , Tjoelker Mark , Tissue David , Mencuccini Maurizio
Published: June 2021

It is easy to measure annual growth of a tree stem. It is hard to
measure its daily growth. The reason for this difficulty is the
microscopic scale and the need to separate processes that simultaneously
result in reversible and irreversible stem expansion. Here we present a
model that separates reversible from irreversible cell expansion. Our
model is novel, because it explains reversible expansion as consequence
of longitudinally and, importantly, radially transmitted changes of
hydraulic and osmotic pressures in xylem and bark. To capture and
quantify these changes, we manipulated daily stem growth by applying a
phloem girdle to stems of 9-m tall trees. The model was informed by
measurements of radial movement in stem tissues and sap flow before and
after and positions below and above the girdle. Additional measurements
of whole-crown fluxes of H2O and CO2, leaf water potentials,
non-structural carbohydrates and respiration were used to document the
physiological impacts of girdling. This work sheds new light on the role
of radial transport processes underpinning daily growth of tree stems.
The model helps explain diel patterns of stem growth in trees.