bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semantic tracking and recommendation using fourfold similarity measure from large scale data using hadoop distributed framework in cloud
Authors: R. Priyadarshini , Tamilselvan Latha , N. Rajendran
Published: October 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a fourfold semantic similarity that results in more accuracy compared to the existing literature. The change detection in the URL and the recommendation of the source documents is facilitated by means of a framework in which the fourfold semantic similarity is implied. The latest trends in technology emerge with the continuous growth of resources on the collaborative web. This interactive and collaborative web pretense big challenges in recent technologies like cloud and big data.

Design/methodology/approach

The enormous growth of resources should be accessed in a more efficient manner, and this requires clustering and classification techniques. The resources on the web are described in a more meaningful manner.

Findings

It can be descripted in the form of metadata that is constituted by resource description framework (RDF). Fourfold similarity is proposed compared to three-fold similarity proposed in the existing literature. The fourfold similarity includes the semantic annotation based on the named entity recognition in the user interface, domain-based concept matching and improvised score-based classification of domain-based concept matching based on ontology, sequence-based word sensing algorithm and RDF-based updating of triples. The aggregation of all these similarity measures including the components such as semantic user interface, semantic clustering, and sequence-based classification and semantic recommendation system with RDF updating in change detection.

Research limitations/implications

The existing work suggests that linking resources semantically increases the retrieving and searching ability. Previous literature shows that keywords can be used to retrieve linked information from the article to determine the similarity between the documents using semantic analysis.

Practical implications

These traditional systems also lack in scalability and efficiency issues. The proposed study is to design a model that pulls and prioritizes knowledge-based content from the Hadoop distributed framework. This study also proposes the Hadoop-based pruning system and recommendation system.

Social implications

The pruning system gives an alert about the dynamic changes in the article (virtual document). The changes in the document are automatically updated in the RDF document. This helps in semantic matching and retrieval of the most relevant source with the virtual document.

Originality/value

The recommendation and detection of changes in the blogs are performed semantically using n-triples and automated data structures. User-focussed and choice-based crawling that is proposed in this system also assists the collaborative filtering. Consecutively collaborative filtering recommends the user focussed source documents. The entire clustering and retrieval system is deployed in multi-node Hadoop in the Amazon AWS environment and graphs are plotted and analyzed.
Implications of TQM in firm’s innovation capability
Authors: Jiménez-Jiménez Daniel , Martínez-Costa Micaela , Para-Gonzalez Lorena
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Over the last few decades, some researchers have analysed the role of total quality management (TQM) as a precursor of innovation. However, the relationship between TQM and organisational innovation remains unclear and contradictory. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework intended to clarify the complex effect that the implementation of a TQM system has on organisational innovation, where market orientation (MO) and knowledge management (KM) play a mediator role.

Design/methodology/approach

Data in this study come from a survey of 706 Spanish CEOs. The results were analysed employing structural equation modelling to determine how TQM, MO and KM influence innovation.

Findings

The results of the empirical study show that there is a curvilinear effect between TQM and organisational innovation. Both MO and KM perspectives play a mediator role between TQM and innovation.

Practical implications

Managers should be aware that management based on TQM help organisations not only to get higher quality but also to be market oriented and better manage their knowledge; what will help them to develop innovations.

Originality/value

This research sheds light on the question of the relationship between TQM and organisational innovation that has received mixed conclusions in the literature. There is evidence in this research that the relationship between TQM and innovation responds to a curvilinear relationship, where high levels of TQM favour a more than proportionate effect on the development of innovation. It also clarifies the mechanisms by which this effect is produced, with MO and KM as mediator variables.
A new holistic conceptual framework for sustainability oriented hospitality innovation with triple bottom line perspective
Authors: Ozturkoglu Yücel , Sari Ferika Ozer , Saygili Ebru
Published: October 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions for “sustainability-oriented hospitality service innovation (SOHSI)” in the context of food and beverage (F&B) industry. For this to be done, the relationship between service innovation dimensions and the triple bottom line (TBL) dimensions (including social, environmental and economic aspects of sustainability) is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, primarily a detailed literature review was carried out to specify the dimensions of service innovation in hospitality industry and sustainability as well. Then, fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), one of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, was used to reveal the causal relationship within these dimensions.

Findings

A framework is presented to help F&B organizations make their innovative services more sustainable. F&B servicing companies should focus especially on “environmental entrepreneurship,” “interior design” and “brand management” dimensions to get benefit underway to gain competitive advantage.

Originality/value

In hospitality industry where competition is increasing every day, it is necessary to create brand-new services or offer renowned services via diversified ways, to step forward from competitors. In this regard, it is important for companies to ensure that every innovative service should be sustainable. Until now, researchers have mostly studied environmental dimension of sustainable service innovation. However, there are no studies evaluating sustainability concept with the TBL approach. Therefore, this study contributes to the field of sustainability in hospitality service innovation.
A learning perspective of supply chain quality management: empirical evidence from US supply chains
Authors: Parast Mahour Mellat
Published: October 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between supply chain quality management practices and their impact on supply chain performance. The authors define and operationalize supply chain quality management practices that enhance knowledge creation and learning in a supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach

Data are collected from logistics and supply chain managers in the USA to examine the validity and reliability of the model for supply chain quality.

Findings

The empirical result provides support for the reliability and validity of the proposed model, the constructs used in the model, and the interrelationships among key constructs of supply chain quality. The authors show that trust is the main predictor of supply chain quality practices and supply chain quality performance outcomes. In addition, the findings show that the impact of trust on process improvement is mediated by information sharing, inter-firm trust and information sharing are significant predictors of supply chain satisfaction, and inter-firm trust and process improvement are significant predictors of supply chain performance. Implications of the research for the theory and practice of supply chain management and quality management are presented.

Practical implications

This study provides important insights into effective implementation of quality management across the supply chain. Supply chain managers should realize that achieving improvement in many supply chain activities such as information sharing or process improvement requires organizations to be engaged in trust-based activities. In that regard, it is important for supply chain managers to be engaged in developing relationships with their supply chain partners that enhance inter-organizational trust.

Originality/value

This is the first study that examines a supply chain quality management model from the learning perspective. The authors validate the supply chain quality framework proposed by Parast (2103) through operationalization of the constructs, development of the relationship among key supply chain quality practices and empirical assessment of the structural model for supply chain quality.
Consistent responses with guselkumab treatment in Asian and non‐Asian patients with psoriasis: An analysis from VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2
Authors: Reich Kristian , Song Michael , Li Shu , Jiang Jingzhi , Youn Sang Woong , Tsai Tsen‐Fang , Choe Yong Beom , Huang Yu‐Huei , Gordon Kenneth B.
Published: October 2019

Guselkumab, an interleukin‐23 blocker, was superior to placebo and adalimumab and well‐tolerated in phase 3 psoriasis studies (VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2). This analysis evaluated the consistency of response in the Asian subpopulation in VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2. Study designs were identical through week 24; patients were randomized to guselkumab, placebo, or adalimumab. Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), safety, and pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity data from VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2 were pooled and compared by race (Asian, n = 199; non‐Asian, n = 1630). At week 16, treatment differences between guselkumab and placebo were 78.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.9–89.6) and 76.4 (95% CI, 72.7–80.2) percentage points for IGA 0/1 (score of 0 or 1) and 70.1 (95% CI, 60.0–80.1) and 68.5 (95% CI, 64.9–72.2) percentage points for PASI 90 (≥90% improvement) in the Asian and non‐Asian populations, respectively. Treatment differences between guselkumab and adalimumab were 31.1 (95% CI, 17.7–44.6) and 16.1 (95% CI, 11.2–21.0) percentage points for IGA 0/1 and 24.9 (95% CI, 9.4–40.5) and 23.2 (95% CI, 17.7–28.6) percentage points for PASI 90 in the Asian and non‐Asian populations, respectively. Similar results were observed at week 24. Safety was generally similar between populations and among treatment groups. Median serum guselkumab concentrations over time were comparable between the populations. Comparable responses between the Asian and non‐Asian populations in this analysis suggest that the overall efficacy, safety, and the resulting benefit/risk analyses from VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2 are applicable to Asian populations.
Exclusion of interspecific competition reduces scatter‐hoarding of Siberian chipmunk Tamias sibiricus: A field study
Authors: DENG Yinhua , JU Mengyao , YI Xianfeng
Published: October 2019

Although food availability and the abundance of seed predators have been postulated to affect seed dispersal, it is not clear how seed‐eating animals modify their scatter‐hoarding strategies in response to different levels of interspecific competition. We placed paired germinated and ungerminated acorns of Quercus mongolica on 30‐cm high platforms to exclude potential interspecific competition of the predominant larder hoarders Apodemus peninsulae and Myodes rufocanus, to investigate seed dispersal by a predominant scatter‐hoarder, Tamias sibiricus, in the field in north‐eastern China. Our results showed that T. sibiricus ate more acorns in situ in the absence of interspecific competition. In the presence of interspecific competition of A. peninsulae and C. rufocanus, however, more acorns were scatter‐hoarded by T. sibiricus. Regardless of interspecific competition, germination of acorns showed no significant effects on seed dispersal patterns, inconsistent with the “seed perishability hypothesis” that animals avoid hoarding seeds with high perishability. Exclusion of interspecific competition, though relatively increasing the per capita seed abundance, appears to reduce seed dispersal, scatter‐hoarding and seedling establishment. Therefore, we propose that moderate interspecific competition rather than competition exclusion may benefit seed scatter‐hoarding and seedling establishment.
Combined treatment and prevention strategies for hepatitis C virus elimination in the prisons in New South Wales: a modelling study
Authors: Bretaña Neil A. , Gray Richard R. , Cunningham Evan B. , Betz‐Stablein Brigid , Ribeiro Ruy , Graw Frederik , Luciani Fabio , Lloyd Andrew R.
Published: October 2019

Background and aims

Australia is currently on track to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) global hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination goals by 2030, reflecting universal subsidized access to testing and direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) treatment. In New South Wales, DAA treatment in prisons has scaled‐up substantially, with 1000 prisoners treated in 2017. However, HCV prevalence and incidence in this setting is high, which could undermine elimination efforts. This study aimed to test the preventative effects of DAA treatment scale‐up, opiate substitution treatment (OST) and needle and syringe programme (NSP) strategies for prisons.

Design

Modelling study using an individual‐based mathematical model of a typical prison setting. The model was calibrated against Australian epidemiological data sets and executed in‐prison events for each individual daily, including movements between prisons, changes in risk behaviour and uptake of prevention measures such as OST and NSP, as well as DAA treatment. Scenarios were projected from 2018 to 2030.

Setting

New South Wales prisons.

Participants

New South Wales prisoners.

Measurements

Variables including prison populations, prevalence and incidence rate were calculated. Prisoners were described by demographic characteristics, HCV infection history, risk behaviours and accessing treatment and prevention measures in varied security settings.

Findings

Increasing the number of prisoners treated for HCV to 2000 annually was projected to reduce the HCV incidence rate to 8.69 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 8.17, 9.20] per 100 person‐years (100 p.y.). Combined treatment and prevention strategies were necessary to reduce the projected incidence rate to 5.22 (95% CI = 5.13, 5.52) per 100 p.y. Considering the expected reductions in the prevalence of chronic HCV in the Australian community, incidence rate was predicted to drop to 0.93 (95% CI = 0.92, 0.98) per 100 p.y. by 2030.

Conclusions

This model, which simulates prison scenarios to inform Australia's national hepatitis C virus elimination efforts, suggests that continued direct‐acting antiviral (coverage in the community combined with a moderate increase of direct‐acting antiviral treatments in prisons, and introduction of improved harm reduction via opiate substitution treatment and/or needle and syringe programmes, makes hepatitis C virus elimination feasible in Australian prisons.
An association analysis for 14 candidate genes mapping to meat quality quantitative trait loci in a Duroc pig population reveals that the ATP1A2 genotype is highly associated with muscle electric conductivity
Authors: Mármol‐Sánchez E. , Quintanilla R. , Jordana J. , Amills M.
Published: October 2019

In previous GWAS carried out in a Duroc commercial line (Lipgen population), we detected on pig chromosomes 3, 4 and 14 several QTL for gluteus medius muscle redness (GM a*), electric conductivity in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LD CE) and vaccenic acid content in the LD muscle (LD C18:1 n − 7), respectively. We have genotyped, in the Lipgen population, 19 SNPs mapping to 14 genes located within these QTL. Subsequently, association analyses have been performed. After correction for multiple testing, two SNPs in the TGFBRAP1 (rs321173745) and SELENOI (rs330820437) genes were associated with GM a*, whereas ACADSB (rs81449951) and GPR26 (rs343087568) genotypes displayed significant associations with LD vaccenic content. Moreover, the polymorphisms located at the ATP1A2 (rs344748241), ATP8B2 (rs81382410) and CREB3L4 (rs321278469 and rs330133789) genes showed significant associations with LD CE. We made a second round of association analyses including the SNPs mentioned above as well as other SNPs located in the chromosomes to which they map. After performing a correction for multiple testing, the only association that remained significant at the chromosome‐wide level was that between the ATP1A2 genotype and LD CE. From a functional point of view, this association is meaningful because this locus encodes a subunit of the Na+/K+‐ATPase responsible for maintaining an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane.
Changes in the body, glaze and enamel compositions of early Meissen porcelain, 1723–c.1740
Authors: Zumbulyadis N. , Van Thienen V.
Published: October 2019

The evolution of early Meissen body, glaze and colorant compositions is examined using X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) measurements on three artefacts that can be accurately dated to the period 1723–c.1740. The results are interpreted based on recipes recorded in the earliest documents of the Meissen archives. The pure Aue kaolinite contains low levels of Ti and can be distinguished from secondary clays, for example, clay from Colditz. The excess Ti in the glaze versus the body reported earlier and confirmed by the present authors is explained by the exclusive use of Colditz clay for the glaze, as described in the recipes before 1730, providing a terminus ante quem for Meissen porcelain exhibiting this particular asymmetry. After 1730, the presence of elevated Ti in the body could serve as a marker for the experimental admixture of clays to Aue kaolinite to alter its properties. Based on the detection of As, Ba and Bi, it is suggested that smalt from Erzgebirge was the colorant for blue enamels until at least 1725.
The pre‐ and post‐authorisation data published by the European medicines agency on the use of biologics during pregnancy and lactation
Authors: Ghalandari N. , Dolhain R.J.E.M. , Hazes J.M.W. , Siezen C.L.E. , van der Laan J.W. , Crijns H.J.M.J. , van Puijenbroek E.P. , van der Woude C.J.
Published: October 2019

Aims

The effects of biologics on reproduction/lactation are mostly unknown although many patients that receive biologics are women of reproductive age. The first objective of this study was to investigate the publicly available data on pregnancy/lactation before and after marketing authorization in Europe of biologics for the indications of rheumatologic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and inflammatory bowel disease. Secondary objectives included the assessment of the clinical relevance of the provided data and comparison of initial and post‐authorization data.

Methods

Initial and post‐authorization data were extracted from the European Public Assessment Reports and the latest versions of Summary of Product Characteristics using publicly available documents on the European Medicines Agency's website. Four sections were categorized regarding pregnancy outcomes: pre‐clinical/animal studies, human female fertility, pregnancy‐related outcomes and congenital malformations in the human fetus. Three sections were categorized regarding lactation outcomes: pre‐clinical/animal studies, excretion in human breast milk and absorption in children through breastfeeding. The clinical applicability of each category was scored by specified criteria, based on scientific literature, and further as defined by the authors.

Results

For the 16 included biologics, post‐authorization data were delivered only for adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept and infliximab. For the 12 remaining biologics limited data on pregnancy and lactation during the post‐marketing period of 2–21 years were available.

Conclusions

In this article several suggestions are provided for improving a multidisciplinary approach to these issues. The initiation of suitable registries by marketing authorization holders and data transparency for clinicians and academics are highly endorsed.
Bayesian design of biosimilars clinical programs involving multiple therapeutic indications
Authors: Psioda Matthew A. , Hu Kuolung , Zhang Yang , Pan Jean , Ibrahim Joseph G.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we propose a Bayesian design framework for a biosimilars clinical program that entails conducting concurrent trials in multiple therapeutic indications to establish equivalent efficacy for a proposed biologic compared to a reference biologic in each indication to support approval of the proposed biologic as a biosimilar. Our method facilitates information borrowing across indications through the use of a multivariate normal correlated parameter prior (CPP), which is constructed from easily interpretable hyperparameters that represent direct statements about the equivalence hypotheses to be tested. The CPP accommodates different endpoints and data types across indications (eg, binary and continuous) and can, therefore, be used in a wide context of models without having to modify the data (eg, rescaling) to provide reasonable information‐borrowing properties. We illustrate how one can evaluate the design using Bayesian versions of the type I error rate and power with the objective of determining the sample size required for each indication such that the design has high power to demonstrate equivalent efficacy in each indication, reasonably high power to demonstrate equivalent efficacy simultaneously in all indications (ie, globally), and reasonable type I error control from a Bayesian perspective. We illustrate the method with several examples, including designing biosimilars trials for follicular lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis using binary and continuous endpoints, respectively.
Disentangling the facilitating and hindering effects of threat‐related stimuli – A visual search study
Authors: Zsido Andras N. , Matuz Andras , Inhof Orsolya , Darnai Gergely , Budai Timea , Bandi Szabolcs , Csatho Arpad
Published: October 2019

Although large body of research has demonstrated the attention‐grabbing nature of threat‐related stimuli, threat could also facilitate attentional processes. Previous studies suggest a linear relationship between the facilitating effect of the arousal level conveyed by threat and performance on visual search tasks. Due to the temporal competition bias favouring stimuli with higher arousal level, this could be more pronounced for shorter onset times. Here, through two experiments we aimed to disentangle the two effects by using a visual search paradigm that allowed us to separate the emotional stimuli and the cognitive task. We manipulated stimulus onset time and threat intensity. Participants saw neutral and threatening pictures as priming stimuli, and then, they had to find numbers in ascending order in a matrix array. We measured the reaction time for finding the first number, and search time for finding all the numbers. Our results showed that when the priming stimulus is presented, longer threatening pictures produced longer reaction times compared to neutral ones, which was reversed with increase in arousal. We did not find any significant effects for the shorter onset time. Further theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.
Early Maternal Sensitivity and Teacher–Student Relationship Quality Across Grade School: Enduring or Transient Associations?
Authors: Magro Sophia W. , Fraley R. Chris , Roisman Glenn I.
Published: October 2019

Although teacher–student relationships are assumed to in part reflect early caregiving quality, their social provisions also undergo notable normative change over the course of primary school, shifting from a secure base for social exploration to an instrumental relationship centered on achieving academic goals. This report leveraged prospective, longitudinal data from the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,306, 52% male, 77% White/non‐Hispanic) to investigate whether the association between early caregiving and subsequent teacher–student relationship quality remains stable or diminishes in magnitude over time. Associations between early maternal sensitivity and teacher–student closeness faded from Kindergarten to Grade 6. In contrast, associations between early caregiving and teacher–student conflict endured and were partially accounted for by child externalizing problems.
Eosinophile Hautkrankheiten
Authors: Peckruhn Melanie , Elsner Peter , Tittelbach Jörg
Published: October 2019

Eosinophile Dermatosen sind eine heterogene Gruppe von Krankheiten, die sich durch ein eosinophilenreiches Infiltrat und/oder die Degranulation von eosinophilen Granulozyten auszeichnen. Begleitend kann eine Bluteosinophilie nachweisbar sein. Histologisch sind sogenannte flame figures typisch, jedoch nicht spezifisch. Flame figures entstehen durch die Anlagerung der von Eosinophilen degranulierten kationischen Proteine an Kollagen und führen zu dessen Denaturierung.

Zu den „klassischen“ eosinophilen Dermatosen, bei denen überwiegend die eosinophile Entzündung die Klinik und das histologische Bild bestimmen, zählen die eosinophile Zellulitis (Wells‐Syndrom), das Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei, die eosinophile Fasziitis (Shulman‐Syndrom) und die eosinophile Follikulitis Ofuji. Daneben gibt es eine Vielzahl von Hautkrankheiten, bei denen in wechselnder Ausprägung ein relevantes eosinophiles Infiltrat nachweisbar ist. Zu diesen zählen unter anderem atopische Dermatitis, bullöses Pemphigoid, Urtikaria, allergisches Kontaktekzem, Prurigo, Iktusreaktion, parasitäre Infestationen und Medikamentenallergien. Obwohl diese Erkrankungen eine Gewebseosinophilie als gemeinsames Merkmal aufweisen, unterscheiden sie sich teilweise stark in ihrem klinischen Bild.
Distal technology interventions in people with diabetes: an umbrella review of multiple health outcomes
Authors: Chakranon P. , Lai Y. K. , Tang Y. W. , Choudhary P. , Khunti K. , Lee S. W. H.
Published: October 2019

Aim

To summarize and evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of distal technology with regard to multiple health outcomes in people with diabetes.

Methods

We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from database inception to 31 August 2018 for systematic reviews and/or meta‐analyses of studies that examined the impact of distal technology and reported any clinical or patient‐related outcomes among people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Results

The umbrella review identified 95 reviews, including 162 meta‐analyses with 46 unique outcomes. Evidence from meta‐analyses of randomized controlled studies supports the use of distal technology, especially telehealth and mHealth (healthcare delivered by mobile technology), in people with diabetes for improving HbA1c values by 2–4 mmol/mol (0.2–0.4%). For other health outcomes, such as changes in fasting plasma glucose levels, risk of diabetic ketoacidosis or frequency of severe hypoglycaemia, the evidence was weaker. No evidence was reported for most patient‐reported outcomes including quality of life, self‐efficacy and medication‐taking. The evidence base was poor, with most studies rated as low to very low quality.

Conclusion

Distal technologies were associated with a modest improvement in glycaemic control, but it was unclear if they improved major clinical outcomes or were cost‐effective in people with diabetes. More robust research to improve wider outcomes in people with diabetes is needed before such technologies can be recommended as part of routine care for any patient group.
Informing CITES Parties: Strengthening science‐based decision‐making when listing marine species
Authors: Friedman Kim , Braccini Matias , Bjerregaard‐Walsh Matthew , Bonfil Ramón , Bradshaw Corey J. A. , Brouwer Stephen , Campbell Ian , Coelho Rui , Cortés Enric , Dimmlich Wetjens , Frisk Michael G. , Kingma Irene , McCully Phillips Sophy R. , O'Criodain Colman , Parker Denham , Shephard Samuel , Tovar‐Ávila Javier , Yokawa Kotaro
Published: October 2019

International trade in vulnerable marine species is regulated once they are listed in CITES Appendices (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Parties to the Convention submit proposal(s) 150 days prior to the CITES Conference for voting on the inclusion of new species in Appendices I and II, making a case for why CITES listing criteria are met in each case. Before the vote, Parties receive advice from (a) the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (b) the International Union for Conservation of Nature—TRAFFIC and (c) the CITES Secretariat, among others. This paper offers an expert review of listing processes, which are the subject of much debate in fishery and environment‐protection communities, looking at two specific cases: silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis, Carcharhinidae) and bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus, Alopiidae). The reviewers determine that the evidence made available to voting Parties is substantial, but suffers from non‐standard presentation across assessments. The best available data are not always presented or described transparently in relation to CITES criteria. An extension of the assessment period, as well as the opportunity to refute evidence, has been suggested as ways to support more informed and effective decision‐making by CITES Parties, whose composition of delegations varies greatly in their experience of marine species management and trade. Experts welcomed a greater coherence of advice between fishery and non‐fishery sources in the long term, and proposed a range of suggested improvements for the delivery of information and advice to CITES Parties.
Backing the Blue: Trauma in Law Enforcement Spouses and Couples
Authors: Landers Ashley L. , Dimitropoulos Gina , Mendenhall Tai J. , Kennedy Alison , Zemanek Lindsey
Published: October 2019

Objective

To explore the lived experiences of secondary trauma among partners of law enforcement professionals (LEPs).

Background

Stress is a common occurrence for LEPs. Although research suggests that LEPs are directly affected by trauma exposure, few studies focus on the secondary trauma of partners or spouses of LEPs.

Method

Utilizing transcendental phenomenological inquiry, in‐depth qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of eight spouses of law enforcement recruited from community groups and police departments.

Results

The results revealed three overarching themes of how participants experienced being partnered with an LEP: (a) types of trauma exposure, (b) the ripple impact of trauma, and (c) strength of couples and how they cope with trauma.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that spouses are both affected by trauma and serve a supportive role to LEPs following trauma exposure. Because secondary trauma can exacerbate existing difficulties in communication and emotional intimacy within couples' relationships, a greater understanding of the impact of trauma on law enforcement couples may lead to greater resources to help support couples wherein one individual is directly exposed to work‐related trauma.

Implications

Family professionals should promote healthy responses and coping among law enforcement couples following exposure to traumatic events.
Autoimmune blistering diseases provoked during the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease with biologic agents: a systematic review
Authors: Gibson Frederick T. , Amber Kyle T.
Published: October 2019

Background

To investigate the clinical course of autoimmune blistering diseases (AIBDs) following treatment with biologic agents (BAs) for chronic inflammatory diseases.

Methods

A comprehensive review of available, published literature was performed using PubMed and CINAHL search engines. Diagnostic criteria of AIBD included positive direct immunofluorescence studies and/or positive serology with clinically suggestive features.

Results

A total of 22 cases of AIBDs provoked by the use of BAs were found. The most commonly implicated agents were tumor necrosis factor‐alpha inhibitors (n = 14). The mean age of onset of AIBD was 59.4 years (median 61.5 years, range 31–82). Average time to onset of AIBD following initiation of the suspected BA was 33.7 ± 43.8 weeks (range 3 days to 152 weeks). Psoriasis was the most common associated condition for which the BA was prescribed (n = 11), followed by rheumatoid arthritis (n = 6) and ulcerative colitis (n = 5). Of the 21 cases reporting AIBD outcome, 17 reported remission or complete resolution upon stopping treatment with the involved BA. Four cases reported continued bullae formation without worsening of disease following cessation of the BA or systemic corticosteroids used to treat the AIBD. Five cases rechallenged the patient with the involved BA and four of the five reported recurrence, often with quicker onset and more severe symptoms.

Conclusions

BAs may be suspected in patients developing AIBD while being treated for chronic inflammatory diseases. A majority of cases resolve upon cessation of the offending agent.
Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS): systematic review and adjusted meta‐analysis
Authors: Phan Kevin , Tatian Artiene , Woods Jane , Cains Geoffrey , Frew John W.
Published: October 2019

Background

Several case reports and case series have recently explored the association between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Objective

We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case‐control studies to determine  (i) the pooled prevalence of IBD in HS cohorts, and (ii) whether HS is more strongly associated with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

Methods

Electronic searches were performed using five databases, from their inception to August 2018. Case‐control studies reporting the proportion of IBD cases in HS cohorts were included and meta‐analysis performed.

Results

From six included studies, a significant association between HS and IBD after pooling of adjusted effect sizes was identified (OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.62–2.77; P = 0.03). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a significant association between HS and Crohn’s disease (OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.52–3.32; P < 0.0001, I2 = 92%) and with ulcerative colitis (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.26–1.94; P < 0.0001; I2 = 36%).

Limitations

Studies reviewed were observational by design which are susceptible to bias and lack of randomization.

Conclusions

Our results indicate a statistically significant association between HS and IBD. Our results highlight that all patients with HS should be clinically screened for symptoms of IBD and symptomatic patients referred for further investigations.
The impact of lung microbiota dysbiosis on inflammation
Authors: Yang Daping , Xing Yingying , Song Xinyang , Qian Youcun
Published: October 2019

Host−microbiota interaction plays fundamental roles in the homeostasis of mucosal immunity. Dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated to participate in various immune responses and many multifactorial diseases. Study of intestinal microbiota has moved beyond the consequences of dysbiosis to the causal microbiota associated with diseases. However, studies of pulmonary microbiota and its dysbiosis are still in their infancy. Improvement of culture‐dependent and ‐independent techniques has facilitated our understanding of lung microbiota that not only exists in healthy lung tissue but also exerts great impact on immune responses under both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize recent progresses of lung microbiota dysbiosis and its impact on the local immune system that determines the balance of tolerance and inflammation. We discuss the causal roles of pulmonary dysbiosis under disease settings, and propose that the interaction between lung microbiota and host is critical for establishing the immune homeostasis in lung.
Self‐reactivity on a spectrum: A sliding scale of peripheral B cell tolerance
Authors: Tan Corey , Noviski Mark , Huizar John , Zikherman Julie
Published: October 2019

Efficient mechanisms of central tolerance, including receptor editing and deletion, prevent highly self‐reactive B cell receptors (BCRs) from populating the periphery. Despite this, modest self‐reactivity persists in (and may even be actively selected into) the mature B cell repertoire. In this review, we discuss new insights into mechanisms of peripheral B cell tolerance that restrain mature B cells from mounting inappropriate responses to endogenous antigens, and place recent work into historical context. In particular, we discuss new findings that have arisen from application of a novel in vivo reporter of BCR signaling, Nur77‐eGFP, expression of which scales with the degree of self‐reactivity in both monoclonal and polyclonal B cell repertoires. We discuss new and historical evidence that self‐reactivity is not just tolerated, but actively selected into the peripheral repertoire. We review recent progress in understanding how dual expression of the IgM and IgD BCR isotypes on mature naive follicular B cells tunes responsiveness to endogenous antigen recognition, and discuss how this may be integrated with other features of clonal anergy. Finally, we discuss how expression of Nur77 itself couples chronic antigen stimulation with B cell tolerance.
The roles of circRFWD2 and circINO80 during NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis
Authors: Huang Xinqi , Cen Xiao , Zhang Bo , Liao Yuwei , Zhao Zhenxing , Zhu Guanyin , Zhao Zhihe , Liu Jun
Published: October 2019

Bone defects caused heavy social and economic burdens worldwide. Nel‐like molecule, type 1 (NELL‐1) could enhance the osteogenesis and the repairment of bone defects, while the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to play critical roles in the tissue development and serve as biomarkers for various diseases. However, it remains unclear that the expression patterns of circRNAs and the roles of them played in recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis of human adipose‐derived stem cells (hASCs). In this study, we performed RNA‐sequencing to investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs in recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenic differentiation and identified two key circRNAs, namely circRFWD2 and circINO80. These two circRNAs were confirmed to be up‐regulated during recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis, and knockdown of them affected the positive effect of NELL‐1 on osteogenesis. CircRFWD2 and circINO80 could interact with hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p, which could inhibit the osteogenesis. Silencing hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p could partially reverse the negative effect of si‐circRFWD2 and si‐circINO80 on the osteogenesis. Therefore, circRFWD2 and circINO80 could regulate the expression of hsa‐miR‐6817‐5p and influence the recombinant NELL‐1‐induced osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. It opens a new window to better understanding the effects of NELL‐1 on the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs and provides potential molecular targets and novel methods for bone regeneration efficiently and safely.
Trajectories of care for children and adolescents with psychosocial problems: a 3‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Verhage Vera , Jansen Danielle E.M.C. , Almansa Josue , Wunderink Charlotte , Grietens Hans , Reijneveld Sijmen A.
Published: October 2019

Background

Care for children and adolescents with psychosocial problems is aimed at reducing problems. There may be a relationship between the intensity and duration of care provision and improvement of these outcomes, but evidence on this issue is lacking. We therefore examined the association between care trajectories based on duration and intensity of care for children, and the reduction in psychosocial problems after 3 years.

Methods

We obtained a cohort of all children entering psychosocial care in one region (n = 1,378), the TAKECARE cohort, and followed it for 3 years, with five assessment rounds. Retention in the final round was 85.8%. Psychosocial problems were measured using the parent report of the Total Difficulty Score of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ‐TDS). We constructed trajectories for intensity of care using growth mixture modelling and assessed the association between duration and intensity of care trajectories and SDQ‐TDS after 3 years.

Results

After 3 months 60.6% of children and adolescents were receiving care, after 1 year 38.7% were receiving care and after 3 years 26.0%. Regarding intensity of care, three trajectories were found: one with minimal intensity during all 3 years, a second with initially medium intensity and strong reduction within 1 year, and a third with high intensity and a reduction after 1 year. Although the psychosocial problems of children and adolescents were reduced during the 3‐year period, the rate of decline was relatively less marked for children and adolescents with longer care trajectories.

Conclusion

Overall, children and adolescents with psychosocial problems who received care had improved outcomes at follow‐up. However, increased provision of care does not automatically lead to reduction of problems, and although overall psychosocial problems are reduced, a substantial subgroup has longer lasting problems.
Identification of a novel melatonin‐binding nuclear receptor: Vitamin D receptor
Authors: Fang Nan , Hu Chunyi , Sun Wenqi , Xu Ying , Gu Yeqi , Wu Le , Peng Qing , Reiter Russel J. , Liu Lifeng
Published: October 2019

Previous studies confirmed that melatonin regulates Runx2 expression but the mechanism is unclear. There is a direct interaction between Runx2 and the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Herein, we observed a direct interaction between melatonin and the VDR but not Runx2 using isothermal titration calorimetry. Furthermore, this direct binding was detected only in the C‐terminal ligand binding domain (LBD) of the VDR but not in the N‐terminal DNA‐binding domain (DBD) or the hinge region. Spectrophotometry indicated that melatonin and vitamin D3 (VD3) had similar uptake rates, but melatonin's uptake was significantly inhibited by VD3 until the concentration of melatonin was obviously higher than that of VD3 in a preosteoblastic cell line MC3T3‐E1. GST pull‐down and yeast two‐hybrid assay showed that the interactive smallest fragments were on the 319‐379 position of Runx2 and the N‐terminus 110‐amino acid DBD of the VDR. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated that Runx2 facilitated the affinity between the VDR and its specific DNA substrate, which was further documented by a fluorescent EMSA assay where Cy3 labeled Runx2 co‐localized with the VDR‐DNA complex. Another fluorescent EMSA assay confirmed that the binding of the VDR to Runx2 was significantly enhanced with an increasing concentrations of the VDR, especially in the presence of melatonin; it was further documented using a co‐immunoprecipitation assay that this direct interaction was markedly enhanced by melatonin treatment in the MC3T3‐E1 cells. Thus, the VDR is a novel melatonin‐binding nuclear receptor, and melatonin indirectly regulates Runx2 when it directly binds to the LBD and the DBD of the VDR, respectively.
Vision‐based automated bridge component recognition with high‐level scene consistency
Authors: Narazaki Yasutaka , Hoskere Vedhus , Hoang Tu A. , Fujino Yozo , Sakurai Akito , Spencer Billie F.
Published: October 2019

This research investigates vision‐based automated bridge component recognition, which is critical for automating visual inspection of bridges during initial response after earthquakes. Semantic segmentation algorithms with up to 45 convolutional layers are applied to recognize bridge components from images of complex scenes. One of the challenges in such scenarios is to get the recognition results consistent with high‐level scene structure using limited amount of training data. To impose the high‐level scene consistency, this research combines 10‐class scene classification and 5‐class bridge component classification. Three approaches are investigated to combine scene classification results into bridge component classification: (a) naïve configuration, (b) parallel configuration, and (c) sequential configuration of classifiers. The proposed approaches, sequential configuration in particular, are demonstrated to be effective in recognizing bridge components in complex scenes, showing less than 1% of accuracy loss from the naïve/parallel configuration for bridge images, and less than 1% false positives for the nonbridge images.
A citizen science approach to long‐term monitoring of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off Sydney, Australia
Authors: Pirotta Vanessa , Reynolds Wayne , Ross Geoffrey , Jonsen Ian , Grech Alana , Slip David , Harcourt Robert
Published: October 2019

The Cape Solander Whale Migration Study is a citizen science project that annually counts northward migrating humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) off Cape Solander, Sydney, Australia. Dedicated observers have compiled a 20‐year data set (1997–2017) of shore‐based observations from Cape Solander's high vantage point. Using this long‐term data set collected by citizen scientists, we sought to estimate the humpback whale population trend as it continues to recover postexploitation. We estimated an exponential growth rate of 0.099 (95% CI = 0.079–0.119) using a generalized linear model, based on observer effort (number of observation days) and number of whales observed, equating to 10% per annum growth in sightings since 1997. We found that favorable weather conditions for spotting whales off Cape Solander consisted of winds <30 km/hr from a southerly through a north westerly direction. Incidental observations of other cetacean species included the endangered blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) and data deficient species such as killer whales (Orcinus orca) and false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens). Citizen science‐based studies can provide a cost‐effective approach to monitoring wildlife over the time necessary to detect change in a population. Information obtained from citizen science projects like this may help inform policy makers responsible for State and Federal protection of cetaceans in Australian waters and beyond.
PLAID syndrome: Characteristic presentation and a novel therapeutic option
Authors: Shea James , Huynh Thy , Milner Joshua , Chamlin Sarah
Published: October 2019

PLCG2‐associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (PLAID) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease caused by genomic deletion in PLCG2 and is characterized by cold urticaria, humoral immune deficiency, cutaneous granulomas, and autoimmune disease. The patient described in this case had a typical presentation for a PLAID phenocopy and experienced intense pruritus, a common complication of PLAID, starting in early childhood. After trialing H1 and H2 blockers with no improvement, oral glycopyrrolate was used with near resolution of the patient's symptoms. Given that the pruritus in PLAID is related to sweat‐induced evaporative cooling, practitioners who encounter this disease should consider glycopyrrolate in their management of PLAID‐associated pruritus.
Hangnails: Paste them back
Authors: Kaur Ishmeet , Jakhar Deepak , Misri Rachita
Published: October 2019

Hangnails are short torn down part of skin surrounding the nails. At times they are very painful. The usual treatment advised is cutting the excess skin with clippers or scissors. To provide an instant relief to the patients, we describe a simpler and effective way to use a surgical glue to paste them back in their original position.