bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sommeil et humeur noire en musique au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Boccadoro Brenno
Published: December 2024

Dans les premières décennies du Seicento italien, après avoir trouvé un terrain favorable dans le madrigal italien, l’imitation du sommeil se farde le visage pour élire domicile dans l’opéra vénitien. Une analyse des grandes scènes de sommeil ponctuant le premier opéra baroque peut prouver la quasi-omniprésence de la rhétorique de l’humeur noire, des ingrédients du genre mollis aux tétracordes phrygiens descendants, en passant par les intervalles chromatiques et diminués, les basses profondes de passacaille et les figures de la repetitio, dont l’anadiplose à la source de l’ostinato.
O outro como uma condição elementar para pensar o humano
Authors: Lima Adenaide Amorim Lima , Dutra Rossatto Noeli
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho bibliográfico, defendemos a tese principal de que o outro é a condição humana primordial. Ao partimos desse pressuposto, nosso objetivo neste é analisar o modo como a questão do outro aparece como condição humana na filosofia de três pensadores contemporâneos: Mikhail Bakhtin, Hannah Arendt e Tzvetan Todorov e justificar nossa hipótese. Além da Introdução, onde situamos o pensamento de cada autor de referência deste trabalho, no tópico intitulado O outro como condição humana, destacamos como o outro, enquanto condição humana aparece no pensamento de Mikhail Bakhtin, Hannah Arendt e Tzvetan Todorov e como eles se relacionam entre si. No tópico O lugar do reconhecimento, situamos a questão do reconhecimento do outro, na teoria de cada um dos três autores, bem como fazemos a defesa de cada uma de suas teses. Por último, na Conclusão, exploramos as possibilidades e as aproximações entre os seus principais conceitos, tendo a questão do outro como horizonte de compreensão.
Sartre leitor de Marx nos Cadernos para uma moral
Authors: G. Gondim Hamilton Cezar
Published: December 2024

O artigo aborda as críticas e comentários que Sartre tece à Marx e ao marxismo na obra Cadernos para uma Moral. A ênfase do artigo está na compreensão de Marx por Sartre no que concerne a questão da história e moral. Para compreendermos o desenvolvimento das críticas de Sartre proporcionamos uma análise parcialmente comparada entre os textos oriundos de Marx e a avaliação de Sartre acerca da temática nos Cadernos para uma moral. Tratamos de temas comuns tanto à fenomenologia ontológica quanto ao materialismo dialético de Marx tais como a noção de alienação, a própria noção de dialética, mas também temáticas marxistas como trabalho, alienação do trabalho e a própria questão da história.
Sobre argumentos de autoridade e sua legitimidade em debates filosóficos
Authors: Senter Gabrielle , Doro Marcelo José
Published: December 2024

Argumento de autoridade é todo aquele que pretende estabelecer a plausibilidade de uma proposição na credibilidade de quem a proferiu. Neste caso, a pessoa, disciplina ou tradição, a que se apela na argumentação, precisa ser aceita como uma autoridade incontestável na área da proposição em questão. O uso falacioso da autoridade, bastante frequente, faz com que os argumentos de autoridade em geral sejam mal vistos, mesmo quando pertinentes. Neste trabalho, revisa-se o conceito de argumento de autoridade e os critérios convencionais para verificação de sua legitimidade. Além disso, coloca-se em questão a própria noção de autoridade e a aceitabilidade de seu uso em debates filosóficos, em que os critérios convencionais para sua avaliação não se aplicam de todo. Argumenta-se, por fim, que é razoável o uso de argumentos de autoridade no enfrentamento de questões filosóficas.
Strategies for Diversity Management in the Educational Landscape
Authors: Polat Gülşah , Özen Hamit
Published: December 2024

Diversity has a strong impact on organizations and society. With the increasing influence of diversity in social systems, diversity management in educational settings has become one of the most crucial components of modern education systems. The strategies determined in diversity management aim to recognize the various individual differences among teachers and students, such as cultural, ethnic, linguistic, gender, learning styles, and abilities, and to effectively integrate these differences into educational processes. These strategies are built upon the principles of equality, social justice, inclusivity, democracy, and intersectionality in education. It is believed that the management paradigm constructed on the foundational principles of diversity management will not only focus on academic success but also contribute to enhancing the resilience, cultural awareness, and adaptability of individuals.
Reimagining Local Solutions to Global Challenges in Education
Authors: Başaran Orbay , Turan Selahattin
Published: December 2024

This chapter extensively outlines the various forms of problems education systems face worldwide and highlights the significant benefits of place-based and situation-grounded interventions in overcoming these complex issues. Through comprehensive research spanning geographical and cultural landscapes, this chapter delves into the multifaceted dimensions of educational boundaries. These include challenges related to equal access to quality education, resource allocation, technological integration, curriculum development, gender-based issues, language barriers, teacher attrition, and the integration of refugees and migrants into cohesive education systems. The authors have utilized case studies from various parts of the world to demonstrate how culturally specific educational approaches, that resonate with their respective cultures, can effectively address issues of inequality and enhance the quality of education systems globally.
Advanced Electric Propulsion Systems for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Khalid S.
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores advanced electric propulsion systems for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), focusing on design, control, and performance optimization. It examines key components including electric motors, power electronics, and energy storage systems, discussing their selection and integration. The chapter reviews control strategies such as field-oriented control, direct torque control, and model predictive control, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Performance optimization techniques using finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and optimization algorithms are explored. The integration of renewable energy sources and vibration analysis and mitigation strategies are addressed. The chapter also discusses future trends, including emerging technologies like wide bandgap semiconductors and high-temperature superconductors, and the potential of artificial intelligence in system optimization. Through case studies and simulation results, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in HEV propulsion systems.
Fuzzy AI for Evaluating Relative Desirability in Autonomous Vehicle Navigation
Authors: Firos A. , Khanum Seema
Published: December 2024

Ensuring vehicle safety, efficiency, and adaptability to diverse road conditions is crucial in the evolving field of autonomous driving. Traditional AI systems often struggle with the ambiguity and uncertainty of real-world driving. This paper introduces a novel approach to autonomous vehicle navigation using Fuzzy Artificial Intelligence (Fuzzy AI) to enhance the assessment of relative desirability in driving actions. Fuzzy AI can handle imprecision and make decisions in uncertain environments, addressing the limitations of conventional AI. Our methodology leverages Fuzzy AI to interpret complex sensor data, evaluate driving scenarios, and make decisions based on probable outcomes, enabling a more nuanced and flexible process that mimics human reasoning. This study underscores Fuzzy AI's potential to revolutionize autonomous driving by providing a robust framework for real-time decision-making.
Applying Motivational Theories to Improve Employee Retention in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Organizations
Authors: Siddiqui Neha Nazneen
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the application of key motivational theories to enhance employee retention in the rapidly evolving hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) industry. Drawing from Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and self-determination theory, it examines how HEV organizations can create a work environment that satisfies employees' intrinsic needs while addressing industry-specific challenges. The chapter outlines strategies for integrating extrinsic rewards with intrinsic motivators, such as providing opportunities for innovation, fostering a sense of purpose in sustainable transportation, and empowering employees with autonomy in decision-making. Case studies of successful retention initiatives in HEV companies illustrate the practical application of these theories. By offering actionable insights and recommendations, this chapter equips HEV managers with the tools to develop comprehensive, theory-driven retention strategies that can attract, engage, and retain top talent in this competitive and dynamic industry.
Behavioral Biases in Real Estate Markets
Authors: Singh Partap
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the influence of behavioral biases in real estate markets, addressing a notable research gap in behavioral finance. Despite extensive research in stock markets, psychological factors affecting decision-making in real estate remain underexplored. The research identifies key biases influencing stakeholders, analyzes their impact on property pricing, investment strategies, and market efficiency, and examines strategies to mitigate these biases. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 280 real estate investors, buyers, sellers, agents, and developers through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that behavioral biases significantly affect market outcomes and highlight the need for tailored strategies to enhance decision-making processes. Recommendations are proposed for industry professionals and policymakers to minimize adverse effects. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of psychological factors in real estate, paving the way for future studies to address this crucial area.
Semantically Guided Efficient Attention Transformer for Face Super-Resolution Tasks
Authors: Han Cong , Gui Youqiang , Cheng Peng , You Zhisheng
Published: December 2024

Face super-resolution generates high-resolution face images from low-resolution inputs, supporting face recognition in challenging environments. While deep learning methods, like Stable Diffusion and origin Transformer-based framework, have advanced super-resolution, they require heavy computation, making them difficult for tasks like face recognition. However, recognition accuracy only needs images of size 112x112, reducing the necessity for extremely large outputs. Existing methods often rely on convolutional attention, limiting receptive fields and performance. To address this, we propose SETFSR, a Semantically Guided Efficient Attention Transformer Face Super-Resolution. Our model leverages efficient self-attention for global feature extraction and incorporates face parsing constraints for structural accuracy. Experiments on Helen, CelebA, and FFHQ datasets show that SETFSR outperforms state-of-the-art models in PSNR, SSIM, and identity preservation.
Análise de Sentimento na Área de Gestão e Negócios: Uma Visão Geral e Proposta de Agenda de Pesquisa
Authors: Lula Celyce de Sousa Gonçalves , Limongi Ricardo
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o conteúdo de artigos publicados em periódicos entre os anos de 2018 e 2022 sobre análise de sentimento aplicada na área de gestão e negócios. Nosso estudo está fundamentado na aprendizagem de memória, cultura e subcultura, propagandas e marcas. Por meio de um estudo bibliométrico, analisamos 186 artigos publicados em periódicos da área de gestão e negócios. Neste processo, foi definido o recorte temporal de 2018 a 2022 para identificar os estudos atuais sobre análise de sentimento e mostrar como esse campo de pesquisa evoluiu. Apresentamos o panorama global das pesquisas científicas realizadas na área de gestão e negócios utilizando a técnica de análise de sentimento. Diversas abordagens foram destacadas neste estudo, explorando o conteúdo gerado por consumidores nas mídias sociais, destacando o setor hoteleiro, indústria alimentícia, instituições de ensino, hospital entre outros. E ainda, insights para pesquisas futuras que possam envolver outras temáticas além das que foram encontradas neste estudo bibliométrico. Esta pesquisa sugere que a técnica análise de sentimento seja aplicada em temas que ainda não a exploraram, como aprendizagem de memória, cultura e subcultura e propaganda e marcas.
The Making of New Mobility Markets: Frameworks Proposal Considering People with Disabilities and Connected Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Leite Mesquita Daniel , Guimarães Cozadi Elisa , Carvalho de Rezende Daniel
Published: December 2024

Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are a recent technology which could promote a major change within automotive industry, creating a new mobility market. This market could bring new possibilities in mobility for people with disabilities (PWDs). Therefore, this essay sought to elaborate frameworks which could initially characterize CAVs market considering the inclusion of PWDs. The frameworks were elaborated in two parts, both considering CAVS as a nascent market: i) The market practices, and ii) its framings or agencements. In this sense, practices should focus on structuring the exchanges and norms of this market (new transport business models and its regulations, such as a universal design for CAVs). We argue that representative practices (offering inclusive mobility, safety, freedom, and independence for PWDs), should guide this market. Also, a correct communication of the benefits and risks of CAVs must structure this market. As for the framings proposed, they must guarantee an inclusive market, as far as pacifying goods, and pricing, should consider different social contexts and PWDs demands. We also mention the importance of governments and scientific societies on providing information that could result on new rules for CAVs inclusive markets.
Specific Heat Analysis of Water and Ethylene Glycol Based rGO-ND Hybrid Nanofluids: Experimental and Artificial Neural Network Predictions
Authors: Lingala Syam Sundar
Published: December 2024

The isobaric specific heat was measured experimentally for two kind of hybrid nanofluids like water and ethylene glycol based reduced graphene oxide-nanodiamond (rGO-ND) hybrid nanofluids at different particle volume loadings of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0%, and in the temperature range from 293 K to 333 K, respectively. The obtained experimental specific heat data was used for the artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms of Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) models for the predictions. Results indicated that, the specific heat of water, and ethylene glycol-based hybrid nanofluids at 1.0% vol. of hybrid nanofluid is lowered by 1.09% and 1.10% at a temperature of 333 K, compared to their own base fluids. The SVR and LM models for the specific heat of water-based hybrid nanofluids predict accurately with a correlation coefficient of 0.99849, and 0.99957, similarly, the SVR and LM models for the specific heat of ethylene glycol-based hybrid nanofluids predict accurately with a correlation coefficient of 0.99998, and 0.99906, respectively. The obtained data was compared with other kind of nanofluids data. The polynomial regression equation was proposed for the water and ethylene glycol-based hybrid nanofluids through the SVR model.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/TEN induced by lamotrigine in a patient with a cerebral cavernous malformation: a case report
Authors: Frattini Chiara , Corrà Alberto , Mariotti Elena , Aimo Cristina , Ruffo Valentina , Magnatta Alessandro , Landini Simone , Quintarelli Lavinia , Verdelli Alice , Caproni Marzia
Published: December 2024

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but serious cutaneous reactions characterized by epidermal and mucocutaneous detachment, most often drug-induced. SJS and TEN are considered the opposite extremes of the same spectrum of disease, where the percentage of skin involvement is <10% in SJS and >30% in TEN; the in-between range is called a SJS/TEN overlap. We present the case of a 64-year-old patient who was treated with lamotrigine, an anti-epileptic drug, and developed SJS/TEN. After being hospitalized and recovering for three days due to the worsening of the clinical presentation, he was transferred to a burn center. Making an early diagnosis and identifying the indicated drug is extremely important to set the appropriate treatment and reduce mortality. Advanced supportive care is required.
Avian baldness: unprecedented Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) observations in Kerala, India
Authors: Sarlin Pathissery John , Morris Sancia , Morris Sandie , Morris Savio , Joseph Polycarp , J Oygan
Published: December 2024

The Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) is a frequently observed flocking bird of urban habitats. This paper presents opportunistic observations of two bald Common Mynas from distinct locations in Kerala. While bald Common Mynas have been documented in various regions of India, this paper discusses the first occurrences reported in Kerala. Notably, one of the mynas under investigation in this study is a tamed, free-living bird.
‘We grow together.’ Parent participation in an early childhood care and education centre
Authors: Connelly Ailsa S. , Shaik Naseema , Chigona Agnes
Published: December 2024

Background: The importance of parental involvement in children’s education, from the start, has been established by global research. Despite this rhetoric, there is limited research in South African Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) centres that explore how parents can participate democratically in early education, especially in areas of low-socio-economic standing.Aim: The aim and objective of this study were to explore parents’ and teachers’ understanding and experiences of parent participation in one ECCE centre in Lavender Hill, Cape Town.Setting: The research was conducted with the parents and teachers in one ECCE centre in Lavender Hill, Cape Town, South Africa.Methods: This interpretive, qualitative research provided opportunities to give voice to all participants through semi-structured interviews, analysis of school documents, appreciative inquiry and parent journaling. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed to interpret the data.Results: The rich data collected provided a platform for open dialogue, allowing stakeholders in the setting to listen to one another fostering meaningful connections and empowerment within the community. The findings revealed the importance of promoting parent agency through participation, which strengthens community ties and social cohesion.Conclusion: Parents want to have an impact on the ECCE centre and are interested in their children’s lives within the setting. Meaningful participation and collaboration support individuals as a community of practice, which has the potential to influence the broader community surrounding the centre.Contribution: The ongoing research impact focusses on co-constructing an ongoing, iterative and democratic model of parent participation.
Alteration in EEG Delta and Beta Power During Working Memory Performance Differentiates Patients with Parkinson’s Disease with and without Dementia
Authors: Pal Anita , Behari Madhuri , Sharma Ratna
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives:

Working memory (WM) impairment is a common and progressive abnormality in Parkinson’s disease (PD), which ultimately leads to dementia. Individuals with PD exhibit altered electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns while engaging in tasks that require WM. The study examined the EEG patterns associated with WM maintenance in PD patients.

Methods:

The study consisted of two groups of PD patients with a sign of dementia (PDD) who had a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤24, PD patients with no sign of dementia (PDND) with an MMSE score >24, and a group of healthy individuals serving as controls (CON). We obtained EEG during a word memorization task using a 128-channel system. The spectral power of the EEG was computed using the fast Fourier transformation algorithm.

Results:

Compared to both PDND and CON groups, PDD group exhibited higher power in the delta and beta frequency bands. Conversely, there was a notable decrease in power in the gamma band in both the PDD and PDND groups compared to the CON group. In addition, the PDD group exhibited higher power in the gamma band compared to the PDND group. Power in the alpha (LA1, LA2, and UA) and theta bands was greater in PDND and PDD compared to CON, but was similar between PDND and PDD groups.

Conclusion:

While performing WM tasks, PDD exhibits increased delta and beta power. These findings can be used as a quantitative biomarker to evaluate the severity of initial WM impairments, which could potentially develop into dementia in the future.
Impact of antisperm antibodies on sperm functions and fertility in livestock: A narrative review
Authors: Kuntareddi Channareddi , Elango Kamaraj , Nag Pradeep , Kumaresan Arumugam
Published: December 2024

Spermatozoa are recognized as foreign cells by both male and female immune systems, leading to the production of antisperm antibodies (ASAs) when sperm are exposed to immune system due to a breach in the mucosal barrier. ASAs can be found in both sexes, though concentrations vary by individual and sex. This review examines ASAs production, their specific binding locations on sperm, and how ASAs may impair key sperm functions, including motility, viability, acrosome reaction, and capacitation. While ASAs are known to potentially interfere with sperm quality and sperm binding to zona pellucida in both humans and livestock, their impact on fertility remains debated, as ASAs are also detected in a significant number of fertile individuals. Furthermore, the practical relevance of ASAs screening in fertility assessment lacks consensus, with some findings suggesting that ASAs might even aid fertilization under certain conditions. By compiling the information on ASAs and their effects on semen quality and fertility, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of ASAs in infertility.
Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients referred to orthodontic department of dental school and private offices in Ahvaz
Authors: Abdolrezaei Faeze , Ghorbanijavadpour Fataneh , Moradinezhad Mehrnaz
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Dental anomalies can be congenital or acquired and include variations in size, number, morphology, or the pattern of tooth eruption. Congenital abnormalities are typically hereditary, while developmental anomalies occur during the formation of teeth. Dental anomalies can lead to interference in the size of the maxillary or mandibular arch, which plays a role in orthodontic treatment planning, or they can require treatment correction.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 440 orthodontic records (panoramic radiography and cephalometry) of adult patients (over 14 years old) referred to the Orthodontic Department of the School of Dentistry and Private Clinics in Ahvaz from 2009 to 2022 were examined. Patients were divided into three groups (Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3) based on the ANB angle was taken as the angle formed by point A (the deepest point on the curvature of the maxillary alveolar process),nasion (N),point B (the most anterior measure point of the mandibular apical base), and then various dental anomalies in these groups were investigated.

Results:

Out of this number, 68% were female, and 32% were male, with an average age of 21.1 years. The prevalence of dental anomalies was found to be 17.3%. Hypodontia was the most common dental anomaly with a prevalence of 15%. 44.3% of patients were in skeletal Class 1, 36.4% in Class 2, and 19.3% in Class 3. No significant correlation was found between malocclusion and the prevalence of dental anomalies. The prevalence of hyperdontia in males was 5.7 times higher than in females.

Conclusion:

According to the study results, the prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients was calculated to be 17.3%. Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between dental anomalies and skeletal malocclusion.
Some inequalities between
$M(a,b,c;L;n)$
and the partition function
$p(n)$
Authors: He Bing , Li Linpei , Cao Jian
Published: December 2024

Let

$p(n)$

and

$M(m,L;n)$

be the number of partitions of n and the number of partitions of n with crank congruent to m modulo L, respectively, and let

$$ \begin{align*}M(a,b,c;L;n):= M(a,L;n) + M(b,L;n) + M(c,L;n).\end{align*} $$

In this paper, we focus on some relations between

$M(m,L;n)$

and

$p(n),$

which Dyson, Andrews, and Garvan etc. have studied previously. By applying a modification of the circle method to estimate the Fourier coefficients of generating functions, we establish the following inequalities between

$M(a,b,c;L;n)$

and

$p(n):$

for

$n \geq 467$

,

$$ \begin{align*} M(0,1,1;9;n)> \frac{p(n)}{3} &\;\: \mathrm{when}\;\: n \equiv 0,1,5,8 ~ (\mathrm{mod}~9), \\ M(0,1,1;9;n) < \frac{p(n)}{3} &\;\: \mathrm{when}\;\: n \equiv 2,3,4,6,7 ~ (\mathrm{mod}~9), \\ M(2,3,4;9;n) < \frac{p(n)}{3} &\;\: \mathrm{when}\;\: n \equiv 0,1,5,8 ~ (\mathrm{mod}~9), \\ M(2,3,4;9;n)> \frac{p(n)}{3} &\;\: \mathrm{when}\;\: n \equiv 2,3,4,6,7 ~ (\mathrm{mod}~9). \end{align*} $$

In the proof of these inequalities, an inequality for the logarithm of the generating function for

$p(n)$

is derived and applied. Our method reduces the last possible counterexamples to

$467 \leq n \leq 22471$

, and it will produce more effective estimates when proving inequalities of such types.
Generalized Jacobi-Chasles theorem in non-Euclidean spaces
Authors: Belozerov Gleb Vladimirovich , Fomenko Anatoly Timofeevich
Published: December 2024

The classical Jacobi-Chasles theorem states that tangent lines to a geodesic curve on an $n$-axial ellipsoid in $n$-dimensional Euclidean space are also tangent, along with this ellipsoid, to $n-2$ quadrics confocal with it, which are the same for all points on this geodesic. This result ensures the integrability of the geodesic flow on the ellipsoid. As recent results due to Belozerov and Kibkalo show, a similar theorem also holds for an arbitrary intersection of confocal quadrics in Euclidean space. In the present paper it is shown that the geodesic flow on an intersection of several confocal quadrics in a pseudo-Euclidean space $\mathbb R^{p,q}$ or on a constant curvature space is integrable. As a consequence, a similar result is established for confocal billiards on such intersections. It is also shown that in codimension 2 the last result cannot be extended to surfaces not locally isometric to a space of constant curvature.
Bibliography: 15 titles.
Performance Enhancement through Air Intake Restrictor Tuning by Fluid
Flow Analysis for Formula Vehicle
Authors: Sathishkumar A. , Soundararajan R. , Ram Kumar S. K. , Mahi Kaarthik G. , Raj Vigneshwar R. , Feroz Ali L.
Published: December 2024

SAE Formula Student Car Organization mandates the installation of a 20mm diameter
restrictor between the throttle body and the engine inlet. The primary objective
of this restrictor is to regulate and reduce the mass flow of air into the
engine inlet. To achieve this, a venture nozzle has been selected as the ideal
component, to decrease air pressure while simultaneously increasing velocity
within the intake manifold. This research project focuses on optimizing the
restrictor by strategically adjusting the convergent and diverging angles. To
enhance the restrictor's efficiency, a comprehensive Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted, exploring a wide range of convergent
angles from 12° to 24° and divergent angles spanning from 4° to 8°. The analysis
was performed using CFD Fluent within the ANSYS Workbench platform. Following an
extensive series of CFD simulations, the optimal angle combination was found to
be a converging angle of 20° combined with a divergent angle of 5°, resulting in
maximum pressure drop and sonic flow. Also, these angles were carefully selected
to maximize airflow velocity, ultimately leading to a significant enhancement in
engine performance.
Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Aluminum Oxide Nanofluids for
Efficient Heat Dissipation in Car Radiators
Authors: Vickram A.S. , Manikandan S. , Madhu S. , Saravanan A.
Published: December 2024

This study points to potentiality of studying Aluminum Oxide
(Al2O3) nanofluid on viscosity (μ) and thermal
conductivity (K) for automotive cooling system. The Al2O3
nanoparticles dispersed in 50:50 ethylene glycol-water with5 varying
concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 vol%. The viscosity at 25°C, 40°C,
60°C and 80°C was measured by using a Brookfield viscometer; and thermal
conductivity was measured by the transient hot wire method. The results indicate
that the viscosity increases with the concentration of nanoparticles but
decreases with the temperature. Due to comparative importance of thermal
conductivity with increasing temperatures and nanoparticle concentrations. In
nanofluid Al2O3 can enhance heat transfer automotive
cooling system can be good performance and efficient as well as engine, in 0.5%
concentration, thermal conductivity at 25°C and increase 27% at 60°C, paranormal
found for development and Al2O3 nanofluids apply can be
effective improvement at heat dissipation in automotive cooling system. Such a
study opens the door for further developments with the automotive industry in
the domain of advanced thermal management solutions.
Impact of Tool Rotational Speed and Welding Speed on Tensile Strength
of Friction Stir Welded AA5083 Aluminum Alloy Joints
Authors: Maram Sreenivasulu Reddy , Kumar M. Vinoth , Hariram V.
Published: December 2024

One of the most common materials in the fabrication sectors, especially in the
auto sector, is Aluminum alloy. Owing to its low strength to weight ratio, it
could be a good fit for a number of applications. The cold working procedure may
strengthen the 5XXX series Aluminum alloy, which is not heat treatable and it is
also challenging to fuse these alloys together using fusion welding processes.
In Recent days, a solid-state welding procedure, Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is
used to join this alloy. The impact of FSW process parameters on tensile
strength of the joint is examined in this study. Based on the outcomes of the
experiment, the highest tensile strength is observed at 900 RPM tool rotation,
100 mm/min welding speed, 1.5-degree tilt angle, and 3.0 tool diameter ratio.
Superior strength (246 MPa) of this parameter over its competitors can be
attributed to the balanced material flow and the formation of finer grains in
the weld region.
Effect on Ageing and Cerium Addition on Magnesium
Alloy
Authors: Venkatesh R. , Manivannan S. , Das A. Daniel , Mohanavel Vinayagam , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi Mohammad
Published: December 2024

Magnesium (Mg) alloys are becoming ever more ubiquitous as the need for lighter
and stronger alloys has increased significantly in the past decades. Mg alloy
grade AZ91D is embedded in 0.5 of cerium have a high strength-to-weight ratio
and lower specific density, which is useful in the case of automobile
applications. An inconclusive study by Lagowski has shown that interrupted age
hardening of AZ magnesium alloy increases the yield strength by around 10%. An
investigation on the developed AZ91D+0.5Ce alloy subjected to various ageing
treatments was carried out in this present study. The various aged samples were
investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis.
The yield strength was also evaluated quantitatively as a function of ageing
parameters. A significant increase in yield strength and hardness values was
observed in the artificially aged samples due to the precipitation of
Mg17Al12 phases.
Investigating Mechanical Performance of Load Vehicle Brake Liners
Enhanced with Nanomaterials Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kumar N. Mathan , Thillikkani S. , Kannan S. , Soundararajan S. , Bharti Kundan
Published: December 2024

This study investigates into the mechanical performance of load vehicle brake
liners that have been enhanced with nanomaterials, employing Finite Element
Analysis (FEA). The analysis involves a detailed investigation of structural,
thermal, and wears characteristics to evaluate the overall performance of the
brake liners. This research aimed to reduce the stress and pressure exerted on
vehicle brakes during braking by conducting a comprehensive stress analysis of
the braking system. Finite Element Analysis serves as a powerful tool for
simulating and assessing the behavior of complex structures under varying
conditions. In this research, the study employs FEA techniques to model and
analyze the load vehicle brake liners, considering the incorporation of
nanomaterial’s, with a special emphasis on materials like Al2O3.The aim is to
gain a profound understanding of how these nanomaterial’s influence and improve
the mechanical aspects of the brake liners.
Plating, Cadmium, Low Hydrogen Embrittlement Process
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers the engineering requirements for cadmium deposited on ferrous and nonferrous metals using a low hydrogen embrittlement (LHE) electroplating process.
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Welded Tubing, 57Ni - 19.5Cr - 13.5Co - 4.2Mo - 2.9Ti - 1.4Al - 0.006B - 0.08Zr (Waspaloy), Consumable Electrode Remelted or Vacuum Induction Melted, Annealed
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: December 2024

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of welded and drawn tubing 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) and over in nominal OD and 0.015 inch (0.38 mm) and over in nominal wall thickness.
Test Cases for OBD-II Scan Tools and I/M Test Equipment
Authors:   Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Published: December 2024

To define test cases for the OBD-II interface on external test equipment (such as an OBD-II Scan Tool, Inspection/Maintenance Tester, etc.) which can be used to verify compliance with the applicable standards such as SAE J1978 and SAE J1979 for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles and Engines (OBD II).
Performance Rating of Lithium-Ion Battery Module
Authors:   Battery Standards Testing Committee
Published: December 2024

This document provides a recommended electrical performance testing guideline for LIBM, which makes up an xEV (Battery Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles) battery pack system. This testing guideline may also be used for other applications, such as stationary, vessel, and aircraft. However, using the guideline for other applications should be determined by the users of this document.

Users of this document may also be interested in conducting tests on battery cells and/or battery packs. To avoid conducting potentially redundant tests between cells, modules, and packs, this document does not specify which tests need to be conducted. Determination of which tests need to be conducted is at the user’s discretion and should be based on individual module applications. Rather than specifying which tests need to be conducted, this document describes how each test is to be conducted.

This document provides a matrix of tests that can be selectively picked for the application requirements in order to standardize testing procedures for their specific application needs. Performance values from the tests in this document can be for comparative purposes, confirmation, and other reasons. However, pass/fail criteria are not part of this document. It is up to the customer and supplier to determine what the pass/fail criteria are. If the measured value is to be used to determine battery module ratings, the tested modules should be representative of those to be manufactured.

LIBM consists of multiple cells grouped and electrically interconnected in various series and parallel configurations - typically noted as “XXP XXS.” Fully functional LIBM shall have a battery monitoring system to allow for the proper control and operation of individual cell voltage and module temperature monitoring. The LIBM configuration shall accommodate for cell compression, retention, thermal heat transferal, electrical isolation, and a hold-down method.
Definition and Measurement of Transfer Case Speed-Dependent Parasitic Loss
Authors:   Drivetrain Standards Committee
Published: December 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice covers transfer cases used in passenger car and light truck applications. Transfer cases are of the chain, geared, manually and electronically shifted types although other configurations are possible. The operating points (speeds, temperatures, etc.) were chosen to mirror those of the United States Environmental Protection Agency Vehicle Chassis Dynamometer Driving Schedules (DDS).
Local working of pharmaceutical patents in India: an empirical exploration into its determinants
Authors: Sebastian Tania , Sebastian Nancy
Published: December 2024

The local working of a patent ensures that technology associated with the working of the patent is passed on to the locals, which results in flexible and quick responses to their needs. In the specific case of pharmaceuticals, local working of the patent aids the availability and accessibility of the drug, thereby contributing to the public health considerations based on the needs of a nation. In this context, this article discusses the determinants of the local working of pharmaceutical patents in India. This article analyses the working status of a patent (worked and not worked) through patent quality indicators (PQIs) and the reasons for not working on a pharmaceutical patent in India. By using a Poisson regression model on a sample of 681 pharmaceutical patents from 2012 to 2019, this study establishes that the percentage of local working of pharmaceutical patents in India as a proportion of the total sample is very low for both Indian and foreign patentees. However, Indian patentees have a stronger likelihood of being worked as compared to foreign patentees. This study also reveals that one of the main reasons for not working on the patent is the need for further ‘Research and Development’ before the drug can be introduced in the market. Other major reasons include ‘attempts being made’ and ‘not under development’, all of which show a significant and strong impact on the likelihood of non-working of the patent. Among the PQIs, patents that are licenced and opposed, and the patents routed through the Divisional Convention Application type were more likely to be worked. Not working on a patent results in adverse effects on public health, due to the inaccessibility to drugs that are required by the general public in a developing country like India. As a result of weak local production, and a strong correlation of worked patents with their licencing and opposition, this article suggests strengthening legal remedies to deal with patentees who do not work on their inventions.
A potent predictor of poor COVID-19 outcomes: Troponin/ Creatine kinase-MB ratio
Authors: Zerman Avsar , Aydin Cihan , Zerman Nermin
Published: December 2024

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to obtain determinative implications by evaluating the prediction of the troponin/CK-MB ratio which was not studied in the previous studies.
Materials and Methods: We screened all COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU) between April 2020 and September 2022. All medical records and laboratory results, and in-hospital mortality were recorded.
Results: We included 182 patients in this study. The overall correct classification rate of the intended model is 83.0%. When the Nagelkerke R2 value is examined, it explains 55.8% of the variance in mortality. The most predictive variable was the troponin/CK-MB ratio. An increase of 1 unit in the troponin/CK-MB ratio increased the risk of mortality 108.90 times. A cut-off value for the troponin/CK-MB ratio, the most predictive laboratory parameter was determined as 0.00745.
Conclusion: Troponin/CK-MB ratio has a potential impact in predicting in-hospital mortality of COVID-19. In the management of COVID-19 in the ICU, Troponin/CK-MB ratio should be used to predict poor outcomes. So it may help physicians to manage the optimal follow-up of COVID-19.
Larvicidal, ovicidal and repellency properties of the indigenous fruit Citrus reticulata (Orange) peels essential oil against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Maung Mya Maung , Thura Lin Saw Htet , Win Oo Aye , Htay Than Myat , Nwe Chit Thet , Nyein Mu Thu Zar , Aung Zar Zar , Myint Yee Yee , Thaung Sein
Published: December 2024

Mosquito-borne diseases are mostly harmful to children being and it is a public health problem in Myanmar. Laboratory reared Insein strain of Aedes aegypti larvae were used to test larvicidal, ovicidal and repellency properties of Citrus reticulata (Orange) peels essential oil from June 2020 to May 2021 according to WHO. Fresh peels 300 grams from Aung Ban was extracted by stream distillation at 100 °C for 3hours and obtained 1.70g of essential oil. Different concentrations of orange peels essential oil were prepared freshly in 100ml each of distilled water in 150ml plastic cups. Fifty each Aedes larvae were exposed 24hrs for each replication in different concentrations in laboratory. Acute toxicity and allergenicity tests were done in laboratory according to OECD Guidelines. Repellency test was done by laboratory reared 5-7 days old adult female Aedes mosquitoes with orange peels essential oil. Results revealed that the highest dose 0.01g of orange peels essential oil produced 100% knockdown within 60minute and 100% mortality within 24hrs respectively and 100% ovicidal effect for 4days as well as persistency was observed 100% mortality of larvae for 4 days. The effective lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 values were found to be 0.0015g and 0.0051g of peels essential oil (x=0.0418, P=0.05). There was not found any acute toxicity on mice and allergenicity on the rabbits. 100% protection of Aedes mosquito landing to probe the skin was found 0.04g/ml or 0.000128g/cm2 of essential oil. Repellency activity of complete protection time was observed over 80% protection for 210minutes, over 90% prevention for 150 minutes, and 100% prevention for 120 minutes. Semi field trial observed that in the day time, it can prevent 3 hours of Aedes mosquito bite on oil applied areas of insect collectors in household. The essential oil is not toxicity, no allergenicity and no irritation of skins of animal. Hence, the cheap, effective, ecofriendly and degradable Orange Citrus reticulata peels essential oil can be used as insecticide and repellent of mosquitoes in public sector.
FalconSign: An Efficient and High-Throughput Hardware Architecture for Falcon Signature Generation
Authors: Ouyang Yi , Zhu Yihong , Zhu Wenping , Yang Bohan , Zhang Zirui , Wang Hanning , Tao Qichao , Zhu Min , Wei Shaojun , Liu Leibo
Published: December 2024

Falcon is a lattice-based quantum-resistant digital signature scheme renowned for its high signature generation/verification speed and compact signature size. The scheme has been selected to be drafted in the third round of the post-quantum cryptography (PQC) standardization process due to its unique attributes and robust security features. Despite its strengths, there has been a lack of research on hardware acceleration, primarily due to its complex calculation flow and floating-point operations, which hinders its widespread adoption. To address this issue, we propose FalconSign, a high-performance, configurable crypto-processor designed to accelerate Falcon signature generation on FPGA/ASIC through algorithmhardware co-design. Our approach involves a new scheduling flow and architecture for Fast-Fourier Sampling to enhance computing unit reuse and reduce processing time. Additionally, we introduce several optimized modules, including configurable randomness generation units, parallel floating-point processing units, and an optimized SamplerZ module, to improve execution efficiency. Furthermore, this paper presents a finely optimized hardware accelerator for the Falcon scheme. Our FPGA implementation results demonstrate a throughput improvement of approximately 5.1 x compared to state-of-the-art designs, with 2.8x/4.5x/4.2x/3.2x fewer in the area (LUTs/FFs/DSPs/BRAMs)-time product, for NIST security level V. The crypto-processor occupies an area of 0.71 mm2 and achieves 5.2k OPS at throughput on the TSMC 28nm process for NIST security level I.
Prover - Toward More Efficient Formal Verification of Masking in Probing Model
Authors: Zhou Feng , Chen Hua , Fan Limin
Published: December 2024

In recent years, formal verification has emerged as a crucial method for assessing security against Side-Channel attacks of masked implementations, owing to its remarkable versatility and high degree of automation. However, formal verification still faces technical bottlenecks in balancing accuracy and efficiency, thereby limiting its scalability. Former tools like maskVerif and CocoAlma are very efficient but they face accuracy issues when verifying schemes that utilize properties of Boolean functions. Later, SILVER addressed the accuracy issue, albeit at the cost of significantly reduced speed and scalability compared to maskVerif. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop formal verification tools that are both efficient and accurate for designing secure schemes and evaluating implementations. This paper’s primary contribution lies in proposing several approaches to develop a more efficient and scalable formal verification tool called Prover, which is built upon SILVER. Firstly, inspired by the auxiliary data structures proposed by Eldib et al. and optimistic sampling rule of maskVerif, we introduce two reduction rules aimed at diminishing the size of observable sets and secret sets in statistical independence checks. These rules substantially decrease, or even eliminate, the need for repeated computation of probability distributions using Reduced Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (ROBDDs), a time-intensive procedure in verification. Subsequently, we integrate one of these reduction rules into the uniformity check to mitigate its complexity. Secondly, we identify that variable ordering significantly impacts efficiency and optimize it for constructing ROBDDs, resulting in much smaller representations of investigated functions. Lastly, we present the algorithm of Prover, which efficiently verifies the security and uniformity of masked implementations in probing model with or without the presence of glitches. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed tool Prover offers a better balance between efficiency and accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art tools (IronMask, CocoAlma, maskVerif, and SILVER). In our experiments, we also found an S-box that can only be verified by Prover, as IronMask cannot verify S-boxes, and both CocoAlma and maskVerif suffer from false positive issues. Additionally, SILVER runs out of time during verification.