bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The classification of rigid hyperelliptic fourfolds
Authors: Demleitner Andreas , Gleissner Christian
Published: November 2022

We provide a fine classification of rigid hyperelliptic manifolds in dimension four up to biholomorphism and diffeomorphism. These manifolds are explicitly described as finite étale quotients of a product of four Fermat elliptic curves.
Mobilisierung von Erzeugungskapazitäten auf dem deutschen Strommarkt
Authors: Egerer Jonas , Grimm Veronika , Lang Lukas M. , Pfefferer Ulrike , Sölch Christian
Published: November 2022

Die Energiekrise zwingt Deutschland und die EU-Staaten energiepolitische Entscheidungen neu zu bewerten und gegebenenfalls anzupassen. Zunächst rückt die Notwendigkeit, die erneuerbaren Energien schnell und ambitioniert auszubauen noch stärker in den Fokus. Zudem gibt es einerseits Überlegungen, Kohlekraftwerke aus der Reserve oder der Betriebsbereitschaft zu reaktivieren. Andererseits werden Entscheidungen hinterfragt, Kohle- und Kernkraftwerke in den kommenden Jahren stillzulegen. Diese Kurzstudie analysiert die Auswirkungen dieser Handlungsoptionen in verschiedenen Szenarien für die Jahre 2024 und 2027, um die kurzfristigen Herausforderungen sowie die mittelfristigen Perspektiven zu beleuchten.
Marktstrukturen und Wettbewerb im Kontext wirtschaftlicher Transformation
Authors: Benček David , Rosenbaum Hannah , Weche John P.
Published: November 2022

Die deutsche Wirtschaft steht vor großen Herausforderungen. Neben Digitalisierung und Klimawandel wird im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie und des russischen Angriffs auf die Ukraine auch eine mögliche Deglobalisierung diskutiert. Diese Entwicklungen wirken sich nicht zuletzt auf bestehende Marktstrukturen und den Wettbewerb aus. Eine gesamtwirtschaftlich abnehmende Wettbewerbsintensität kann weitreichende makroökonomische Folgen haben, die bereits seit längerem diskutiert werden. Gegenstand der Diskussion sind etwa abnehmende private Investitionen, eine sinkende Lohnquote, eine steigende Einkommensungleichheit, ein abnehmendes Produktivitätswachstum sowie Auswirkungen auf die Inflation.
Die Budgetsemielastizität und ihre Auswirkungen auf Verschuldungsspielräume im Rahmen der Schuldenbremse
Authors: Heimberger Philipp , Schütz Bernhard
Published: November 2022

The debate on the cyclical adjustment procedure of the debt brake has focused on problems with regards to potential output. The second key determinant of the cyclical budget component, however, has been neglected: the semi-elasticity of the budget balance, which measures the response of federal revenues and expenditures to the business cycle. We analyse the sensitivity of estimates of the semi-elasticity with respect to data inputs and model specifications. Our results highlight estimation uncertainties that affect how much the federal government is allowed to borrow under the debt brake.
Für eine ökonomischere Fundierung der Trend-TFP in der Ermittlung des Produktionspotenzials
Authors: Proaño Christian R.
Published: November 2022

In the production function-based approach proposed by the European Commission for the estimation of the potential output, trend total factor productivity (TFP) is indirectly estimated on the basis of cyclical factors. Instead, this article proposes a more economics-based foundation of trend-TFP that is based on the arguments of the endogenous growth theory. A simple econometric exercise shows how the application of this approach may lead to a significantly different assessment of the potential output and, by extension, of the economy’s output gap. This may have far-reaching consequences for the conduct of monetary and fiscal policy, e. g. in the context of the German debt brake.
Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten in der Potenzialschätzung berücksichtigen
Authors: Schmidt Torsten
Published: November 2022

Potential output is a measure of the longer-term production possibilities of an economy. Since this quantity cannot be observed directly, it must be determined on the basis of assumptions from existing data. The use of a production function was established in the European Commission’s procedure for calculating potential output. However, it is important to capture all drivers of economic growth. In the current EU procedure, total factor productivity (TFP), which is interpreted as a measure of technological progress, is assumed to be exogenous. This means that key drivers of economic growth, in particular research and development (R&D) activities, are not explicitly taken into account. An extension of the production function approach can be derived from the theory of endogenous growth. This would improve the theoretical basis of the potential output estimates.
Revisionen in den Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen in Zeiten von Corona
Authors: Janz Christian , Kuntze Peter , Mucha Tanja
Published: November 2022

This article explains the purpose, reasons and size of revisions in German national accounts. It presents the results of the revision carried out in the summer of 2022 for the past four reporting years and describes special features, including those caused by the coronavirus pandemic.
Anticipative information in a Brownian−Poisson market
Authors: D’Auria Bernardo , Salmeron Jose A.
Published: November 2022

The anticipative information refers to some information about future events that may be disclosed in advance. This information may regard, for example, financial assets and their future trends. In our paper, we assume the existence of some anticipative information in a market whose risky asset dynamics evolve according to a Brownian motion and a Poisson process. Using Malliavin calculus and filtration enlargement techniques, we derive the information drift of the mentioned processes and, both in the pure jump case and in the mixed one, we compute the additional expected logarithmic utility. Many examples are shown, where the anticipative information is related to some conditions that the constituent processes or their running maximum may verify, in particular, we show new examples considering Bernoulli random variables.
Contrasting responses of multiple insect taxa to common heathland management regimes and old-growth successional stages
Authors: Byriel David Bille , Ro-Poulsen Hjalte , Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian , Hansen Aslak Kappel , Hansen Rikke Reisner , Justesen Mathias Just , Kristensen Emil , Møller Cecilie Bülow , Schmidt Inger Kappel
Published: November 2022

Maintaining heathlands in early successional stages to sustain heather (Calluna vulgaris) is a common, large-scale management practice in Europe. However, allowing patches of long-term natural vegetation development may increase habitat heterogeneity benefitting insects, but empirical evidence is sparse. We investigated how old-growth heathland (> 30 years abandonment) affect species richness and composition of bees (Anthophila), crane flies (Tipuloidea), ground beetles (Carabidae), hoverflies (Syrphidae) and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) in relation to their hygropreference. Adult insects, vegetation and edaphic explanatory variables were collected in old-growth, managed and wet sites and compared in four lowland heathland locations in Denmark. We found 299 species including 24 nationally red-listed. Species composition differed between managed, old-growth and wet heathland for all taxa. Indicator species and richness analyses showed a predominance of xerophilic bee species in managed heathland. Old-growth heathland showed a predominance of mesophilic indicator species, and higher richness of mesophilic crane flies and of hygrophilic ground and rove beetles compared to managed heathland. Wet heathland was generally dominated by hygrophilic species. Soil moisture, bare soil and vegetation height density were important drivers explaining the contrasting responses in richness and composition between heathland types. Our results demonstrate that heathland management focusing solely on early successional vegetation stages may homogenize insect communities. We suggest that management practices should focus on improving structural vegetation heterogeneity. This can be achieved through management regimes that reset the succession and expose bare soil, but also by allowing patches of old-growth vegetation stages to develop and by conserving existing ones.
Large-scale spatial patterns of riverine communities: niche versus geographical distance
Authors: Pompeu Cássia Rocha , Peñas Francisco J. , Barquín José
Published: November 2022

Freshwater ecosystems are among the most threatened ecosystems on Earth. Effective conservation strategies are essential to reverse this trend and should be based on sound knowledge of biodiversity patterns and the main drivers structuring them. In this study, we investigated the role of environmental and dispersal-connectivity controls on freshwater diatom and fish communities’ variability. We used 441 biological samples obtained from Spanish biomonitoring datasets, which cover a highly variable environmental gradient across the national river network. We compared the taxonomic and trait-based spatial dependency of the two biotic groups using distance-decay relationships and variation partitioning with spatially constrained randomisations. Our findings showed that most of the diatoms and fish biological variation was attributed to pure spatial and spatially structured environmental variation. Compared to diatoms, fish community composition presented a stronger spatial dependency, likely because of their weaker dispersal ability. In addition, broad-scale environmental characteristics showed a higher predictive capacity for fish assemblages’ variation. Trait-based similarities presented lower spatial dependency than taxonomic datasets, indicating that they are less susceptible to dispersal-connectivity effects. These findings contribute to understand the mechanisms underlying river community assembly at large spatial scales (i.e., at and beyond the river network) and point out the importance of dispersal-connectivity processes, which are usually neglected in traditional niche-based biomonitoring programmes but can influence their outcomes (e.g., masking the detection of anthropogenic impacts). Therefore, the integration of the dispersal-connectivity component, as well as information on organisms’ dispersal abilities, are crucial when establishing effective conservation objectives and designing biomonitoring strategies.
Cost-Potential Curves of Onshore Wind Energy: the Role of Disamenity Costs
Authors: Ruhnau Oliver , Eicke Anselm , Sgarlato Raffaele , Tröndle Tim , Hirth Lion
Published: November 2022

Numerical optimization models are used to develop scenarios of the future energy system. Usually, they optimize the energy mix subject to engineering costs such as equipment and fuel. For onshore wind energy, some of these models use cost-potential curves that indicate how much electricity can be generated at what cost. These curves are upward sloping mainly because windy sites are occupied first and further expanding wind energy means deploying less favorable resources. Meanwhile, real-world wind energy expansion is curbed by local resistance, regulatory constraints, and legal challenges. This presumably reflects the perceived adverse effect that onshore wind energy has on the local human population, as well as other negative external effects. These disamenity costs are at the core of this paper. We provide a comprehensive and consistent set of cost-potential curves of wind energy for all European countries that include disamenity costs, and which can be used in energy system modeling. We combine existing valuation of disamenity costs from the literature that describe the costs as a function of the distance between turbine and households with gridded population data, granular geospatial data of wind speeds, and additional land-use constraints to calculate such curves. We find that disamenity costs are not a game changer: for most countries and assumptions, the marginal levelized cost of onshore wind energy increase by 0.2–12.5 €/MWh.
An Energy Minimization Approach to Twinning with Variable Volume Fraction
Authors: Conti Sergio , Kohn Robert V. , Misiats Oleksandr
Published: November 2022

In materials that undergo martensitic phase transformation, macroscopic loading often leads to the creation and/or rearrangement of elastic domains. This paper considers an example involving a single-crystal slab made from two martensite variants. When the slab is made to bend, the two variants form a characteristic microstructure that we like to call “twinning with variable volume fraction.” Two 1996 papers by Chopra et al. explored this example using bars made from InTl, providing considerable detail about the microstructures they observed. Here we offer an energy-minimization-based model that is motivated by their account. It uses geometrically linear elasticity, and treats the phase boundaries as sharp interfaces. For simplicity, rather than model the experimental forces and boundary conditions exactly, we consider certain Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions whose effect is to require bending. This leads to certain nonlinear (and nonconvex) variational problems that represent the minimization of elastic plus surface energy (and the work done by the load, in the case of a Neumann boundary condition). Our results identify how the minimum value of each variational problem scales with respect to the surface energy density. The results are established by proving upper and lower bounds that scale the same way. The upper bounds are ansatz-based, providing full details about some (nearly) optimal microstructures. The lower bounds are ansatz-free, so they explain why no other arrangement of the two phases could be significantly better.
Spectral and Evolution Analysis of Composite Elastic Plates with High Contrast
Authors: Bužančić Marin , Cherednichenko Kirill , Velčić Igor , Žubrinić Josip
Published: November 2022

We analyse the behaviour of thin composite plates whose material properties vary periodically in-plane and possess a high degree of contrast between the individual components. Starting from the equations of three-dimensional linear elasticity that describe soft inclusions embedded in a relatively stiff thin-plate matrix, we derive the corresponding asymptotically equivalent two-dimensional plate equations. Our approach is based on recent results concerning decomposition of deformations with bounded scaled symmetrised gradients. Using an operator-theoretic approach, we calculate the limit resolvent and analyse the associated limit spectrum and effective evolution equations. We obtain our results under various asymptotic relations between the size of the soft inclusions (equivalently, the period) and the plate thickness as well as under various scaling combinations between the contrast, spectrum, and time. In particular, we demonstrate significant qualitative differences between the asymptotic models obtained in different regimes.
Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics
Authors: Caldwell Robert , Cui Yanou , Guo Huai-Ke , Mandic Vuk , Mariotti Alberto , No Jose Miguel , Ramsey-Musolf Michael J. , Sakellariadou Mairi , Sinha Kuver , Wang Lian-Tao , White Graham , Zhao Yue , An Haipeng , Bian Ligong , Caprini Chiara , Clesse Sebastien , Cline James M. , Cusin Giulia , Fornal Bartosz , Jinno Ryusuke , Laurent Benoit , Levi Noam , Lyu Kun-Feng , Martinez Mario , Miller Andrew L. , Redigolo Diego , Scarlata Claudia , Sevrin Alexander , Haghi Barmak Shams Es , Shu Jing , Siemens Xavier , Steer Danièle A. , Sundrum Raman , Tamarit Carlos , Weir David J. , Xie Ke-Pan , Yang Feng-Wei , Zhou Siyi
Published: November 2022

Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.
Parameters tuning of multi-model database based on deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Ye Feng , Li Yang , Wang Xiwen , Nedjah Nadia , Zhang Peng , Shi Hong
Published: November 2022

As we all know, the performance of database management system is directly linked to a vast array of knobs, which control various aspects of system operation, ranging from memory and thread counts settings to I/O optimization. Improper settings of configuration parameters are shown to have detrimental effects on performance, reliability and availability of the overall database management system. This is also true for multi-model databases, which use a single platform to support multiple data models. Existing approaches for automatic DBMS knobs tuning are not directly applicable to multi-model databases due to the diversity of multi-model database instances and workloads. Firstly, in cloud environment, they have difficulty adapting to changing environments and diverse workloads. Secondly, they rely on large-scale high-quality training samples that are difficult to obtain. Finally, they focus primarily on throughput metrics, ignoring tuning requirements for resource utilization. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a multi-model database configuration parameters tuning solution named MMDTune. It selects influential parameters, recommends the optimal configurations in a high-dimensional continuous space. For different workloads, the TD3 algorithm is improved to generate reasonable parameter adjustment plans according to the internal state of the multi-model databases. We conduct extensive experiments under 5 different workloads on real cloud databases to evaluate MMDTune. Experimental results show that MMDTune adapts well to a new hardware environment or workloads, and significantly outperforms the representative tuning tools, such as OtterTune, CDBTune.
The Number of Relative Equilibria in the PCR4BP
Authors: Figueras Jordi-Lluís , Tucker Warwick , Zgliczynski Piotr
Published: November 2022

The aim of this paper is to present a new, analytical, method for computing the exact number of relative equilibria in the planar, circular, restricted 4-body problem of celestial mechanics. The new approach allows for a very efficient computer-aided proof, and opens a potential pathway to proving harder instances of the n-body problem.
Symmetry analysis of irregular objects
Authors: Beevers Cameron , Francis Samantha , Roldan Alberto
Published: November 2022

The majority of properties of physical systems and molecules are derived from the character and interaction of their constituent atoms. The symmetry of these interactions provides significant insight into the form and quality of resultant properties such as polarizability, dipole moments, and elasticity. In order to better utilise symmetry as a tool within science, here we introduce four novel methods of symmetry analysis as part of the Irregular Particle Symmetry Analysis software (IPSA). The IPSA software package presents a framework for examining continuous symmetry and group theory under a consistent structure, enabling a unique insight into how the geometric symmetry of atomic structures may be examined and quantified. The methods presented within this paper are practical procedures for characterisation and low-cost additions to existing examinations of materials and molecular properties with a wide range of applications, including areas such as electronic structure estimation, calculation simplification, geometry classification, analysis of dynamics, spectrographic interpretation, and property prediction.
Extensions of Exact and K-Mixing Dynamical Systems
Authors: Galli Daniele , Lenci Marco
Published: November 2022

We consider extensions of non-singular maps which are exact, respectively K-mixing, or at least have a decomposition into positive-measure exact, respectively K-mixing, components. The fibers of the extension spaces have countable (finite or infinite) cardinality and the action on them is assumed surjective or bijective. We call these systems, respectively, fiber-surjective and fiber-bijective extensions. Technically, they are skew products, though the point of view we take here is not the one generally associated with skew products. Our main results are an Exact and a K-mixing Decomposition Theorem. The latter can be used to show that a large number of periodic Lorentz gases (the term denoting here general group extensions of Sinai billiards, including Lorentz tubes and slabs, in any dimension) are K-mixing.
Generalizing p-Laplacian: spectral hypergraph theory and a partitioning algorithm
Authors: Saito Shota , Herbster Mark
Published: November 2022

For hypergraph clustering, various methods have been proposed to define hypergraph p-Laplacians in the literature. This work proposes a general framework for an abstract class of hypergraph p-Laplacians from a differential-geometric view. This class includes previously proposed hypergraph p-Laplacians and also includes previously unstudied novel generalizations. For this abstract class, we extend current spectral theory by providing an extension of nodal domain theory for the eigenvectors of our hypergraph p-Laplacian. We use this nodal domain theory to provide bounds on the eigenvalues via a higher-order Cheeger inequality. Following our extension of spectral theory, we propose a novel hypergraph partitioning algorithm for our generalized p-Laplacian. Our empirical study shows that our algorithm outperforms spectral methods based on existing p-Laplacians.
Sensitivity analysis of nonlinear frequency response of defected structures
Authors: Saccani A. , Marconi J. , Tiso P.
Published: November 2022

The computation of the steady-stateresponse of large finite element discretized systems subject to periodic excitations is unfeasible because of excessive run time and memory requirements. One could in principle resort to reduced order models stemming from the high fidelity counterparts, which typically require a solution time orders of magnitude smaller. However, when many simulations are required, as in the case of parametric studies, the overall effort could be still significant and the analysis process could be severely hindered. In this work, we propose a sensitivity approach to assess the influence of model parameters on the nonlinear dynamic response. As opposed to the costly evaluation of reduced order solutions over a range of excitation frequencies and model parameters, the sensitivities of a nominal response allow one to approximate the dynamic response by a simple evaluation of an expansion in the directions spanning the parameter space. Special care must be taken on the closure equation that needs to be appended to the system of equations stemming from the harmonic balance method. We discuss the limitations of the current constant frequency approach and propose an improvement. We demonstrate the merits of the proposed approach on a micro-electro-mechanical system affected by parameterized manufacturing defects. Leveraging from a previous contribution, the nonlinear response and the sensitivities are obtained from a reduced order model which is analytical in the defect parameters. Our procedure is able to deliver accurate probability density functions of quantities of interest (e.g. nonlinear resonance peaks, triple solution bandwidth, etc) against statistical distributions of manufacturing defects at negligible computational cost.
How to be a powers theorist about functional laws, conservation laws and symmetries
Authors: Kimpton-Nye Samuel
Published: November 2022

This paper defends an account of the laws of nature in terms of irreducibly modal properties (aka powers) from the threat posed by functional laws, conservation laws and symmetries. It thus shows how powers theorists can avoid ad hoc explanations and resist an inflated ontology of powers and governing laws. The key is to understand laws not as flowing from the essences of powers, as per Bird (2007), but as features of a description of how powers are possibly distributed, as per Demarest (2017), Kimpton-Nye (2017, 2021) and Williams (2019); call this the Powers-BSA. This underappreciated powers-based account of laws is continuous with actual scientific practice and thereby quite naturally accommodates functional laws, conservation laws and symmetries. This paper thus positions the Powers-BSA as the leading anti-Humean account of the relationship between laws and properties.
Pumpkin seeds, lemongrass essential oil and ripleaf leaves as feed additives for Ascaridia galli infected laying hens
Authors: Rodenbücher Anna L. , Walkenhorst Michael , Holinger Mirjam , Perler Erika , Amsler-Kepalaite Zivile , Frey Caroline F. , Mevissen Meike , Maurer Veronika
Published: November 2022

The present study was performed to evaluate the in vivo efficiency of Curcurbita pepo (pumpkin) seeds, Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) essential oil and Plantago lanceolata (ripleaf) leaves against helminth infections in laying hens. In the first experiment, 75 Lohmann LSL Classic hens naturally infected with Ascaridia galli were assigned to groups of five; groups were randomly assigned to one of three treatments with five replicates each (untreated control; lemongrass oil: 1 g/bird/day; pumpkin seeds: 10 g/bird/day). Feed consumption and egg production were continuously recorded, individual faecal egg counts were determined weekly, and E. coli and Lactobacillus spp. three times during the experimental period of 29 days. After slaughter, intestinal worms were counted and sexed. Pumpkin improved feed conversion as compared to the control (p = 0.008) and to lemongrass (p = 0.021); no treatment effect on any other parameter was found.

In the second experiment, 75 LSL pullets were artificially infected with 3 × 200 A. galli eggs, randomly divided into groups of five and assigned to one of three treatments (untreated control, lemongrass oil: 1 g/bird/day; ripleaf: 5% of ration). After 109 days of sampling as described above, hens were slaughtered and worm burdens determined. Performance of the animals did not change regardless of the treatment and none of the treatments resulted in changes of the microbiological and parasitological parameters. In conclusion, with the exception of improved feed conversion in the pumpkin group, no positive nor negative effects of the additives on performance, parasitological and microbiological parameters of naturally and artificially A. galli infected laying hens were observed.
The energy-growth nexus in 3 Latin American countries on the basis of the EKC framework: in the case of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile
Authors: Hwang Young Kyu
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the effects of economic growth and four different types of energy consumption (oil, natural gas, hydroelectricity, and renewable energy) on environmental quality in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were examined within the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) for three Latin American countries, namely, Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, from 1975 to 2018. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) in the form of Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) was used to verify the validity of the EKC hypothesis and the impacts of the variables in the short and the long run alike. Furthermore, the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality test was carried out to identify the direction of causality between the variables. From ARDL-ECM estimation, the EKC was confirmed (inverted U-shaped curve between income growth and CO2 emissions) only in Argentina in the long run but not in Brazil and Chile. Based on the findings, renewable energy can have a great potential in reducing CO2 emissions in the future, but this advantage has not been fully exploited yet since a significant negative impact on CO2 emissions was only found in Chile. Also, the use of other less carbon-intensive energy sources such as natural gas and hydropower if they could be combined with renewable energy would be of great benefit and contribute to enhancing environmental quality and energy security in the short and the medium term and to successful low-carbon energy transition in the long run in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
Usage of a graph database for the selection of sterile items in the OR
Authors: Müller C. , Bernhard L. , Wilhelm D.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

In this work, we present a subsystem of a robotic circulating nurse, that produces recommendations for the next supplied sterile item based on incomplete requests from the sterile OR staff, the current situation, predefined knowledge and experience from previous surgeries. We describe a structure to store and query the underlying information in terms of entities and their relationships of varying strength.

Methods

For the implementation, the graph database Neo4j is used as a core component together with its querying language Cypher. We outline a specific structure of nodes and relationships, i.e., a graph. Primarily, it allows to represent entities like surgeons, surgery types and items, as well as their complex interconnectivity. In addition, it enables to match given situations and partial requests in the OR with corresponding subgraphs. The subgraphs provide suitable sterile items and allow to prioritize them according to their utilization frequency.

Results

The graph database was populated with existing data from 854 surgeries describing the intraoperative use of sterile items. A test scenario is evaluated in which a request for “Prolene” is made during a cholecystectomy. The software identifies a specific “Prolene” suture material as the most probable requested sterile item, because of its utilization frequency from over 95%. Other “Prolene” suture materials were used in less than 15% of the cholecystectomies.

Conclusion

We have proposed a graph database for the selection of sterile items in the operating room. The example shows how the partial information from different sources can be easily integrated in a query, leading to an unique result. Eventually, we propose possible enhancements to further improve the quality of the recommendations. In the next step, the recommendations of the software will be evaluated in real time during surgeries.
We Built it, But Did They Come: Veterans’ Use of VA Healthcare System-Provided Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches
Authors: Taylor Stephanie L. , Gelman Hannah M. , DeFaccio Rian , Douglas Jamie , Hawrilenko Matthew J. , McGinty Nathan K. , Resnick Adam , Tomlanovich Nathan C. , Toyama Joy , Whitehead Alison M. , Kligler Benjamin , Zeliadt Steven B.
Published: November 2022

Background

Interest in complementary and integrative health (CIH) approaches, such as meditation, yoga, and acupuncture, continues to grow. The evidence of effectiveness for some CIH approaches has increased in the last decade, especially for pain, with many being recommended in varying degrees in national guidelines. To offer nonpharmacological health management options and meet patient demand, the nation’s largest integrated healthcare system, the Veterans Health Administration (VA), greatly expanded their provision of CIH approaches recently.

Objective

This paper addressed the questions of how many VA patients might use CIH approaches and chiropractic care if they were available at modest to no fee, and would patients with some health conditions or characteristics be more likely than others to use these therapies.

Design

Using electronic medical records, we conducted a national, three-year, retrospective analysis of VA patients’ use of eleven VA-covered therapies: chiropractic care, acupuncture, Battlefield Acupuncture, biofeedback, clinical hypnosis, guided imagery, massage therapy, meditation, Tai Chi/Qigong, and yoga.

Participants

We created a national cohort of veterans using VA healthcare from October 2016–September 2019.

Key Results

Veterans’ use of these approaches increased 70% in three years. By 2019, use was 5.7% among all VA patients, but highest among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (13.9%), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 10.6%), depression (10.4%), anxiety (10.2%), or obesity (7.8%). The approach used varied by age and race/ethnicity, with women being uniformly more likely than men to use each approach. Patients having chronic musculoskeletal pain, obesity, anxiety, depression, or PTSD were more likely than others to use each of the approaches.

Conclusions

Veterans’ use of some approaches rapidly grew recently and was robust, especially among patients most in need. This information might help shape federal/state health policy on the provision of evidence-based CIH approaches and guide other healthcare institutions considering providing them.
The Role of Microstructure Morphology on Fracture Mechanisms of Continuously Cooled Bainitic Steel Designed for Rails Application
Authors: Królicka Aleksandra , Lesiuk Grzegorz , Kuziak Roman , Radwański Krzysztof , Janik Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

The low-carbon bainitic steel after a continuous cooling process was subjected to fracture toughness investigations using the J-integral approach. The research was focused on the determination of microstructural factors influencing the fracture processes considering the crystallographic units, as well as dimensions and morphology of phases. It was found that the fracture surface is characterized by complex fracture mechanisms (quasi-cleavage, transcrystalline cleavage–ductile, and ductile mode). It was found that the main features influencing the cracking processes are bainitic ferrite packets and prior austenite grain boundaries. The changes in the crack path were also related to the changes in the misorientation angles, and it was found that changes in the crack path direction occur mainly for the bainitic ferrite packets (HABs). Also, the fracture process zone induced by the crack tip was identified. At a distance of about 4 to 5 µm from the fracture, the retained blocky austenite transformed into martensite was observed. Due to the high carbon content in the retained austenite, the transformed martensite was brittle and was the site of microcracks nucleation. Another origin of microcracks nucleation were M/A constituents occurred in the initial microstructure. In the crack tip area, the reduced dislocation density in the bainitic ferrite, which was caused by the formation of sub-grains, was also determined. Finally, the prospective improvement of the fracture toughness of bainitic steels was determined.
Decoding Authorship: Is There Really no Place for an Algorithmic Author Under Copyright Law?
Authors: Xiao Yang
Published: November 2022

The third technological revolution is dragging the world, incrementally but surely, into an era where Artificial Intelligent (AI) is taking over cultural production from human beings. Nevertheless, authorship remains largely defined in humanistic terms across Western cultures as a projection of the image of the “romantic author” emanating from the 18th century. Although it is not spelt out in the law, judges do seem to demonstrate remarked reluctance to grant authorship status to AI. The developments in three important areas may enable a reconstruction of the human-centric authorship ideology: a structural pro-corporate prejudice, a low threshold for originality, and the judicial avoidance of aesthetic assessment. Distilled to its essence, AI can be as equally creative as human beings as they follow the same laws of cultural production. In dealing with the resulting ownership issue of AI authorship, an altered “work made for hire” doctrine is proposed as a promising solution design template.
Hyponatremia-related liver steatofibrosis and impaired spermatogenesis: evidence from a mouse model of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis
Authors: Marroncini G. , Anceschi C. , Naldi L. , Fibbi B. , Brogi M. , Lanzilao L. , Fanelli A. , Maggi M. , Peri A.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolytic disorder in clinical practice. In addition to neurological symptoms, hyponatremia, even when mild/moderate and chronic, has been related to other manifestations, such as bone demineralization and increased risk of fractures. To better elucidate tissue alterations associated with reduced serum sodium concentration [Na+], we developed an in vivo model of hyponatremia secondary to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis.

Methods and results

Hyponatremia was induced in Foxn1nu/nu mice by subcutaneous infusion of the vasopressin analog 1-deamino [8-D-arginine] vasopressin (dDAVP) for 14 days via osmotic mini-pumps. Mice in the control group were infused with isotonic saline solution. Serum [Na+] progressively decreased, with a nadir of 123.4 ± 2.3 mEq/L (mean ± SD, dDAVP 0.3 ng/h) and 111.6 ± 4.7 mEq/L (mean ± SD, dDAVP 0.5 ng/h). Evident signs of liver steatofibrosis were observed at histology in hyponatremic mice. Accordingly, the expression of proteins involved in lipid metabolism (SREBP-1, PPARα and PPARγ) and in myofibroblast formation (αSMA and CTGF) significantly increased. Furthermore, heme oxygenase 1 expression was up-regulated in Kupffer and hepatic stellate cells in the liver of hyponatremic mice. Testis alterations were also observed. In particular, the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium appeared reduced. The expression levels of PCNA and PTMA, which are involved in DNA replication and germ cells maturation, were markedly reduced in the testis of hyponatremic mice.

Conclusion

Overall, these findings shed new light on the possible consequences of chronic hyponatremia and prompt a more thorough evaluation of hyponatremic patients.
From KDIGO 2012 towards KDIGO 2021 in idiopathic membranous nephropathy guidelines: what has changed over the last 10 years?
Authors: Stai Stamatia , Lioulios Georgios , Christodoulou Michalis , Papagianni Aikaterini , Stangou Maria
Published: November 2022

The recommendations in the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2021 guidelines regarding Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN) management include significant changes as compared to those published in 2012. According to the recent guidelines, a biopsy is not always needed for IMN diagnosis; since diagnosis can be allowed for by the detection of circulating antibodies against the M-type transmembrane phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R). Moreover, alterations in anti-PLA2R concentrations, along with other serum and urinary markers, may guide further follow-up. The findings of numerous recent studies which compared different immunosuppressive treatments resulted in substantial changes in treatment indications in the KDIGO 2021 guidelines, suggesting the stratification of patients into four risk categories. The definition of resistant cases and relapses was likewise modified. All the above will lead to a more granular and personalized approach, whose results need to be tested over time. In this commentary, we discuss the changes in the 2012 and 2021 guidelines, adding information from the most recent literature.

Graphical abstract
The use of automatic measurement techniques in the geotechnical monitoring system of PGE GiEK S.A., KWB Turów branch
Authors: Bąk Miłosz
Published: November 2022

Geotechnical monitoring currently plays a key role in the research of the processes taking place in the ground medium and preventing hazardous events. In the case of open-pit mining, several solutions are commonly used to monitor various geotechnical parameters. However, geotechnical situation is usually assessed based on recorded values of deep and surface displacement, which allow to accurately predict landslides. The measurements are most often carried out manually, which, due to the difficult terrain conditions in the case of open-pit mining, are often timeconsuming and complicated, especially taking into account dangerous landslide movements. Therefore, in order to ensure a higher degree of safety against the risk of landslides, modern solutions are required in the field of geotechnical monitoring. This article presents modern automatic measurement techniques, compares various solutions available on the market and illustrates the benefits of their application in open-pit mining. It also discusses the expansion and modernization of the control and measurement network at KWB Turów, carried out in recent years, as well as the observational method for controlling the efficiency of stackers, developed after the installation of automated measuring stations, with its impact on the geotechnical safety of an internal waste heap. The paper as a case study presents, what a modern and effective geotechnical monitoring system should look like, which in practice will ensure continuous observation of selected parameters and enable a quick response in the event of a landslide threat. Last but not least, the author focuses on the creation of an innovative landslide early warning system, implemented at KWB Turów.
An Indirect Evaluation Method of Mold Coating Thickness in AlSi Alloy Permanent Mold Casting Production
Authors: Deng Fangtian , Attaluri Maheedhar , Klan Steffen , Volk Wolfram
Published: November 2022

Permanent mold casting produces the second most aluminum cast parts among all casting processes. In this process, mold coating changes the heat transferred from the molten metal to the mold by acting as an insulating layer. Moreover, the coating thickness is a significant variable regarding the coating’s thermal resistance, which strongly influences the microstructure of cast parts and the thermal shock on expensive molds. However, in casting production, coating peeling-off and repeated recoating result in an inhomogeneous coating thickness distribution. Due to the high working temperatures of the molds, no efficient online coating thickness measurements exist. We propose an indirect evaluation method based on the as-cast surface corresponding to the coating area. Our experiments analyzed as-cast and coating surfaces at nine different coating thicknesses. The results show a close correlation between the as-cast surface roughness parameter of arithmetical mean height Sa and the coating thickness. Based on this correlation, we can derive the coating thickness from the corresponding as-cast surface analysis. Furthermore, the coating peel-off area and other casting surface defects are easily recognized in these surfaces. In our next work plan, an affordable optical camera and proper light conditions will be tested by taking photos of as-cast surfaces, and an algorithm for the real-time automatic evaluation will be developed.
Sato-Tate distribution of p-adic hypergeometric functions
Authors: Pujahari Sudhir , Saikia Neelam
Published: November 2022

Recently Ono, Saad and the second author [21] initiated a study of value distribution of certain families of Gaussian hypergeometric functions over large finite fields. They investigated two families of Gaussian hypergeometric functions and showed that they satisfy semicircular and Batman distributions. Motivated by their results we aim to study distributions of certain families of hypergeometric functions in the p-adic setting over large finite fields. In particular, we consider two and six parameters families of hypergeometric functions in the p-adic setting and obtain that their limiting distributions are semicircular over large finite fields. In the process of doing this we also express the traces of pth Hecke operators acting on the spaces of cusp forms of even weight $$k\ge 4$$

k
≥
4

and levels 4 and 8 in terms of p-adic hypergeometric function which is of independent interest. These results can be viewed as p-adic analogous of some trace formulas of [1, 2, 6].
Produktverpackungen der Lebensmittelindustrie: Werbung oder Wahrheit?
Authors: Bachmann-Stein Andrea
Published: November 2022

Produktverpackungen sind multimodale Kommunikate, die der verkaufswirksamen Produktpräsentation dienen, dabei aber gleichzeitig genauen gesetzlichen Regelungen unterworfen sind. Anhand exemplarischer Beispiele wird gezeigt, welcher Strategien sich die Lebensmittelindustrie besonders häufig bedient, um ihre Produkte in einem besseren Licht erscheinen zu lassen und Unerwünschtes in den Hintergrund zu schieben.
Conditional inference of Poisson models and information geometry: an ancillary review
Authors: Sei Tomonari
Published: November 2022

The Poisson distribution is a fundamental tool in categorical data analysis. This paper reviews conditional inference for the independent Poisson model. It is noted that the conditioning variable is not an ancillary statistic in the exact sense except in the case of the product multinomial sampling scheme, whereas two versions of the ancillary property hold in general. The ancillary properties justify the use of conditional inference, as first proposed by R. A. Fisher and subsequently discussed by many researchers. The mixed coordinate system developed in information geometry is emphasized as effective for the description of facts.
Procedural challenges: the FAIR principles and PRC electronic resources - a case study of Chinese republican newspapers
Authors: Arnold Matthias , Paterson Duncan , Xie Jia
Published: November 2022

It is tempting to assume that FAIR data principles effectively apply globally. In practice, digital research platforms play a central role in ensuring the applicability of these principles to research exchange, where General Data Protection Regulation (EU) and Multi Level Protection Scheme 2.0 (PRC) provide the overarching legal frameworks. For this article, we conduct a systematic review of research into Chinese Republican newspapers as it appears in Chinese academic journal databases. We experimentally compare the results of repeated search runs using different interfaces and with different points of origin. We then analyze our results regarding the practical and technical accessibility conditions. Concluding with an analysis of conceptual mismatches surrounding the classification of items as “full-text“, and of a case of total data loss that is nevertheless symptomatic of the limited degree of data re-usability. Our results show structural challenges preventing Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Re-usability from being put into practice. Since these experiments draw upon our Digital Humanities (DH) research, we include a state-of-the-field overview of historical Periodicals and digitization research in the PRC. Our research on the one hand addresses DH practitioners interested in digital collections, and technical aspects of document processing with a focus on historical Chinese sources. On the other hand, our experience is helpful to researchers irrespective of the topic. Our article is accompanied by a data publication containing sources and results of our experiments, as well as an online bibliography of the research articles we collected.
Bi-Dbar-Approach for a Coupled Shifted Nonlocal Dispersionless System
Authors: Zhu Junyi , Shao Kaiwen , Qiao Zhijun
Published: November 2022

We propose a Bi-Dbar approach and apply it to the extended coupled shifted nonlocal dispersionless system. We introduce the nonlocal reduction to solve the coupled shifted nonlocal dispersionless system. Since no enough constraint conditions can be found to curb the norming contants in the Dbar data, the “solutions” obtained by the Dbar dressing method, in general, do not admit the coupled shifted nonlocal dispersionless system. In the Bi-Dbar approach to the extended coupled shifted nonlocal dispersionless system, the norming constants are free. The constraint conditions on the norming constants are determined by the general nonlocal reduction, and the solutions of the coupled shifted nonlocal dispersionless system are derived.