bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model of Simulation Training for Students of Medical Colleges
Authors: Laptiyeva L. N. , Rublevskaya E. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to develop a model of simulation training for students of medical colleges.

Material and methods. The normative documents and training programs of medical colleges, literature on the research problem have been analyzed, the methods of questioning, modeling have been applied.

Results. A model of simulation training includes the following stages: preclinical, clinical, and on thejob. Simulation training modeling at each stage allows to identify the following blocks: specialpurpose, problemspecific, contentspecific, and evaluative, having their own structure and content.

Conclusion . The proposed model of simulation training for the students streamlines the activities of all the subjects of the educational process at medical colleges, makes it possible to carry them out stepwise and to achieve a high level of professional knowledge and skills during the medical training, thereby ensuring successful adaptation of young professionals in health care institutions
The NO Level after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft under the Conditions of Artificial Circulation
Authors: Maksimovich E. N. , Pronko T. P. , Guliay I. E. , Snezhitsky V. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective:to study the nature of changes in the content of stable metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx) - nitrites and nitrates - in the blood of patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) under the conditions of artificial circulation.

Material and methods.Depending on the level of [Hb] in the blood plasma, the patients with CABG surgery were divided into three groups: 1 - without IOH (Hb ≤ 0.1 g/l), n = 43, 2 - with low IOH (l IOH, Hb > 0.1 g/l and < 0.5 g/l, n = 42), 3 - with high IOH (hIOH, Hb ≥ 0.5 g/l, n = 38). The level of NOx was determined in the blood plasma of the patients.

Results.At the end of CABG, compared with the baseline, the patients revealed a decrease of NOx in the blood plasma and its increase - within 5-7 days after the surgery, to the utmost in the group with high IOH.

Conclusion.The change of NOx in the blood plasma depended on the severity of intraoperative hemolysis, which indicates the influence of the hemolysis products on the formation and utilization of nitric oxide.
MÜZİK YÖNETİCİLİĞİ’NDE ETKİN SUNUMLAR
Authors: DE THORPE MİLLARD Esin
Published: November 2021

Teknolojik gelişmelere küreselleşme sürecinde büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bilgi teknolojileri alanındaki yenilikler bireysel, toplumsal hatta toplumlardan öte uluslar ötesi bir bilgi, kültür akışını getirmiştir. Bu akışın en önemli gereci ise, özellikle iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerdir. Küreselleşme sürecinde bilgi toplumlarında iletişim araçları, bilgisayar ağları ile kültürel akış tüm toplumları etkilemektedir.

Okul hayatımızdan iş hayatına kadar pek çok yerde ve zamanda topluluk önünde konuşmuş ve bir sunum yapmış olabiliriz. Sunum yapmak günümüzde bu kadar yaygın bir etkinlik iken, hayatımızda çok az sayıda etkilendiğimiz ve başarılı bulduğumuz sunumlara katılabilmişizdir. Pek çok insan kendi deneyimlerinden ve başkalarında başarılı gördüğü uygulamalardan yola çıkarak kendini geliştirmek imkânı bulmaktadır. Ancak bu zaman isteyen bir yöntemdir. Başarılı sunumlar yapmak için bu konuda bilgi ve beceri edinilmesi giderek yaygınlaşan ve önem taşıyan bir eğitim haline gelmiştir.

Sunum ve Sunuş kelimeleri birlikte ve aynı anlamda, İngilizce “Presentation” kelimesinin karşılığı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Sunum ve konuşma kavramları çoğu zaman birbirlerinin yerine kullanılmaktadır. Özünde sunum bir konuşma yöntemidir. Sunum konuşmanın belirli bir konuda odaklanarak hazırlanmış halidir. Sunumlar iş, teknik, profesyonel, bilimsel ve sanatsal konularda hazırlanan konuşmalardır.
Bindung von Kindern in familienrechtlichen Fragestellungen bei Gericht: Erkenntnisse und Missverständnisse
Authors: Zimmermann Peter , Spangler Gottfried
Published: November 2021

Psychological judicial expert reports for family law cases can include errors in the assessment of children’s attachments, their origins, their consequences, and the subsequent recommendation for the court. The article specifies potential sources of such errors and reviews several topics that are relevant for the evaluation and use of attachment assessments in psychological family law expert reports. These topics include attachment to mother and father, attachment hierarchy, the role of quantity and quality of contact to caregivers for attachment development and the use of results from attachment research on developmental consequences of attachment security and insecurity for psychological family law expert reports.
Einschätzungen zu Bindungsbeziehungen und geäußerter Kindeswille in einer Stichprobe von Sachverständigengutachten zu Sorgerechtsstreitigkeiten (§ 1671 BGB)
Authors: Kindler Heinz , Schwabe-Höllein Marianne , August-Frenzel Petra
Published: November 2021

For a sample of 103 court cases with parental conflicts regarding custody and residence results on attachment diagnostics by psychological court experts are reported. Attachment diagnostics was performed using multiple methods with two observations per parent. It was coded whether there were indications for a similar level of emotional security with both parents or more emotional security with one parent than the other. In addition, indications for attachment disorganization, manipulation of the child by one or both parents and children’s views regarding residence were coded. About 55% of the children showed indications for more emotional security with one than the other parent. 38% of the children did not express any preference regarding their preference. If a preference was expressed and if there were indications for more emotional security with one than the other parent, children most often wanted to live with the parent to whom they showed comparably more indications for emotional security. Manipulation, especially manipulation by both parents was associated with indications for attachment disorganization.
Kriminalitätstendenzen in Krisenzeiten am Beispiel der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Fricke Luisa , Wendt Frank , Wittkopf Laura , Körner André
Published: November 2021

The rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus challenges the entire world tremendously. Yet, little research has been done in Germany on the behavior of the population in such times of crisis. In the present study (N = 320), several effects on experience and behavior within the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated in an online study: frustration of needs, social isolation, feelings of anxiety and stress, adherence to conspiracy mentality, increased alcohol consumption, and Dark Triad characteristics. In addition, self-constructed scales were used to examine one's own change in criminality tendency (SEKT-S) since the beginning of the crisis, as well as the approval of criminality tendencies in other persons (SEKT-A). Both scales were found to be highly reliable. Although a suitable fit could be found in the measurement models, a factorial structure could not be identified. High scores on the factors frustration of needs, adherence to conspiracy mentality, alcohol consumption and the dark triad turned out to be suitable predictors of criminality tendency. The Dark Triad factor represented a moderator in the relationship between need frustration and self-related crime tendency. Due to the heterogeneity of the sample studied, the results can be generalized well. We discuss the limitations of our own study and possible further research on crime in times of crisis.
Biografische Vorbelastungen und verhaltensbasierte Indikatoren der Radikalisierung im Vorfeld islamistischer Gewalt
Authors: Böckler Nils , Allwinn Mirko , Metwaly Carim , Wypych Beatrice , Hoffmann Jens
Published: November 2021

Using a German sample of convicted perpetrators (N = 76), the authors compare the biographical characteristics and preoffence warning behaviours of non-violent Islamist activists (n = 60) with those of Islamist assassins (n = 16). While the biographical characteristics focus on the socio-structural, familial and social stressors of the convicted in addition to age and education, the exploration of warning behaviour focuses on potentially observable patterns of action associated with radicalisation processes or serious targeted acts of violence. The data basis is formed by indictments and verdicts in corresponding criminal proceedings. A standardised instrument for quantitative file analysis in the context of murder and manslaughter offences was used to identify biographical characteristics and previous social burdens (Göbel et al., 2016). The Screener Islamism (Böckler et al., 2017) was used to examine early behaviour-based radicalisation indicators and the Warning Behaviour Typology (Meloy et al., 2012) was used to identify violence-associated behaviour patterns. While all Islamist offenders committed their crimes in early adulthood and had various social backgrounds in their biographies, Islamist activists and violent offenders differed significantly in the warning behaviour they displayed before committing an offence. In particular, acts of planning and preparation (pathway to violence), new forms of aggression (novel aggression), and patterns of action that indicate that the person feels he or she is at a biographical dead end (last resort) were able to differentiate between attackers and non-attackers. The results are particularly relevant from a preventive perspective, as they can be the basis for improving behaviour-based early detection of violence associated radicalisation processes in social institutions.
Rezensionen, Aus der Rechtsprechung & Mitteilungen der Sektion
Authors: Posten Ann-Christin , Stremlau Inga
Published: November 2021

Neben einer von Ann-Christin Posten verfassten Rezension (Pfundmair, M. (2020). Psychologie bei Gericht) finden sich in dieser Rubrik Rechtsprechungsübersichten zur obergerichtlichen Rechtsprechung im Familienrecht (ausgewählt von Rita Coenen) und zur obergerichtlichen Rechtsprechung im Strafrecht (ausgewählt von Inga Stremlau) sowie Mitteilungen der Sektion Rechtspsychologie des BDP.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SEA BUCKTHORN SEED OIL EXTRACT ON ACETAMINOPHEN INDUCED HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES OF HEPATOCYTES IN ADULT ALBINO RATS.
Authors: Basit Annum , Shahid Attya , Nasreen Shagufta
Published: November 2021

Objective: to reveal the effects of sea buckthorn seed oil on acetaminophen induced variations (Diameter of hepatocytes and vacuolization) in liver of rats.

Methods: it was experimental study, conducted at Post Graduate Medical Institute. This study was performed on 24 adult rats, which were then randomly separated into 4 groups A,B,C and D. the experiment lasted for 13 days. Group A was control received normal saline and distilled water. Group B, received acetaminophen750mg/kg as single dose on day 10. Group C and D received acetaminophen at dose of 750mg/kg along with sea buckthorn seed oil extract 2.6mg/kg and 5.2mg/kg. Liver was removed and fixed in 10% formalin. To observe the effect of acetaminophen and sea buckthorn seed oil , slides were prepared for histological examination. The diameter of hepatocytes and vacuolization was observed. The evaluation of results was done by using SPSS 21.

Results: In Group B, vacuolization was seen in all animals and significant increase in mean diameter (11.9± 1.5 μm) of hepatocytes was seen. However in Group C, vacuolization was absent in all animals and mean hepatocyte diameter was (6 ± 0.6 μm). In Group D, no vacuolization was seen in all animals and mean hepatocyte diameter decreased to (5.2± 1.5 μm) after administration of SBT seed oil.

Conclusion: Administration of SBT( 2.6mg/kg and 5.2mg/kg) exerts a protective effect against damaging effects of ACM ( 750 mg/kg) on hepatocytes in albino rats. This hepatoprotective role becomes greater with increasing dose of SBT.
FREQUENCY OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY AMONG PATIENTS OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Authors: Muhammad Shahid  , Muhammad Aftab  , Muzammal Aslam Kataria  , Rana Muhammad Arif
Published: November 2021

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide over the last two decades. Many complications and problems are associated with HIV like lipodystrophy, retarded growth in young patients, impaired endocrine and renal functioning and cardiovascular diseases.

Objective: To determine the frequency of adrenal insufficiency among patients of human immunodeficiency virus presenting to HIV clinic in a tertiary care hospital.

Study Design: Cross Sectional Study.

Setting: HIV clinic, Jinnah Hospital Lahore.

Study Duration: August, 2019 to February, 2020.

Material and Methods: A total of 180 patients of HIV presenting to HIV clinic of Jinnah hospital Lahore and fulfilling the selection criteria were approached after approval from ethical review board an informed consent was taken from the subject and an ACTH stimulation test was performed and adrenal Insufficiency was diagnosed. Intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg of synthetic ACTH was administered to all patients; and after 60 minutes serum cortisol was measured. A peak stimulated cortisol of less than 20 mcg/dl was labeled as adrenal insufficiency.

Results: Mean and standard deviation of the age was 42.16 ± 17.31 years. Male patients were 56.1% while female patients were 43.9%.  Adrenal insufficiency was present in 38.3% patients while it was absent in 61.7% patients. No significant association found between age and presence of adrenal insufficiency (p=0.280). Also no significant association found between duration of disease and adrenal insufficiency (p=.557). There was a significant association found between intake of antiretroviral therapy and presence of adrenal insufficiency having (p<0.005)

Conclusion: Adrenal insufficiency was found in significant number of HIV patients but effect modifiers like age, duration of disease did not show significant association except intake of antiretroviral therapy.
Editorial Vol. 1 Núm. 1
Authors: Forment Giralt Eudaldo
Published: November 2021

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Editorial Vol. 1 Núm. 2
Authors: Aparicio-Gómez Oscar-Yecid
Published: November 2021

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1898-1921 1898-1921. LAS REFORMAS MILITARES FALLIDAS: ÁFRICA COMO ESCENARIO DE LA DECADENCIA GEOPOLÍTICA Y MILITAR ESPAÑOLA
Authors: Sánchez de Rojas Díaz Emilio
Published: November 2021

Las causas del desastre de Annual de 1921, se enraízan con la perdida de las últimas colonias españolas en América en 1898, y los problemas consecuentes para un ejercito anticuado, sobredimensionado en número de oficiales, con materiales obsoletos y presupuestos paupérrimos. Mientras, la intervención de los principales líderes militares en asuntos políticos era continua siendo varios de ellos presidentes del consejo de ministros.

No faltaron los intentos de reforma militar incluso antes de 1898, pero todos resultaron fallidos. Es este aspecto el que tratamos en este artículo, pues no se puede desvincular el desastre de Annual de Cuba, en cuyas guerras se formaron los lideres militares responsables del mismo, varios de ellos – como Silvestre y Berenguer- nacen en Cuba. Tampoco se puede desvincular el citado desastre de el fracaso a la hora de modernizar un ejército que aún mantenía una estructura nacida en la Guerra de la Independencia de 1808
Testing Computational Magnetohydrodynamics Algorithms with a Problem Having an Exact Solution
Authors: Галкин В. А. , Гореликов А. В. , Бычин И. В. , Дубовик А. О. , Ряховский А. В.
Published: November 2021

Представлены результаты тестирования разработанного пакета программ для численного моделирования задач магнитной гидродинамики. Программный комплекс создан с использованием технологии CUDA Fortran и ориентирован на вычислительные системы с графическими процессорами. Получено точное трехмерное решение системы уравнений магнитной гидродинамики, которое использовалось для тестирования реализованных вычислительных алгоритмов. Результаты тестовых расчетов демонстрируют корректность получаемых численных решений.

The results of testing the magnetohydrodynamic simulation software package developed by the authors are presented. The software package was developed with CUDA Fortran and is intended for GPU computing systems. An exact 3D solution of the system of magnetohydrodynamic equations was obtained and applied to testing the computational algorithms. The test results demonstrate that the numerical solutions are valid.
Can Homeostasis Be Static?
Authors: Пятин В. Ф. , Еськов В. В.
Published: November 2021

Особое понимание гомеостаза и гомеостатичного регулирования в целом появилось за последние 20 лет в связи с доказательством гипотезы W. Weaver о биосистемах третьего типа и открытием эффекта Еськова–Зинченко. Однако имеется ряд работ, в которых высказывалось мнение о нестатичности в гомеостатичном регулировании внутренней среды организма человека. Более того, в рамках этого эффекта сейчас говорят об отсутствии статичных состояний любых функций организма человека. Это существенно расширяет наши представления о теории функциональных систем организма человека, которую разрабатывал П. К. Анохин в середине XX века. Сейчас мы вправе говорить о новом понимании кибернетики, которая лежит в основе описания различных физиологических функций человека. Возникает новая биологическая и медицинская кибернетика, в которой нет статичного гомеостаза и нет статики в параметрах функций организма человека.

In 20 years the new understanding of homeostasis and special homeostatic regulation emerged associated with the W. Weaver hypothesis on biosystems of the third type and the discovery of the Eskov-Zinchenko effect. There are some papers about the unstable behavior of the homeostasis regulation in the human body. Now we can speak about the absence of any stable states of any human body function. This significantly expands our understanding of the theory of human functional systems developed by P. K. Anokhin in the middle of the 20th century. Now we can speak of a new understanding of cybernetics as a basis for the definition of various human physiological functions. A new biological and medical cybernetics is emerging; it denies static homeostasis and static parameters of the human body functions.
On the Thinking Creature and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Деев Г. Е. , Ермаков С. В.
Published: November 2021

Дано описание некоторых свойств любого мыслящего существа. В качестве обоснованности описанного набора свойств мыслящего существа показано, как с необходимостью мыслящее существо с приведенным набором свойств порождает такое цивилизационное понятие, как понятие множества натуральных чисел. Приведенными свойствами мыслящее существо полностью не характеризуется; пополнение этого набора свойств мыслящего существа возможно до неопределенных объемов. Перечисленные свойства должны быть атрибутом любого мыслящего существа. Прослеживается связь между мыслящим существом с приведенным набором свойств и искусственным интеллектом. Статья носит концептуальный характер и является одним из вариантов идеологической основы для построения вычислительных и кибернетических устройств, в частности В-компьютеров.

Some features of any thinking creature are presented. To substantiate the selection of such properties, it is shown that a thinking creature with the given set of features always generates such a civilizational concept as the set of natural numbers. A thinking creature is not fully characterized by the given features; it is possible to extend the set of features to indefinitely. The proposed features should be an attribute of any thinking creature. There is a relation between a thinking creature with the given set of features and artificial intelligence. This paper is conceptual and is an ideological option for building computing and cybernetic devices, in particular B-computers.
TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO DE CANAIS CALCIFICADOS COM AUXÍLIO DA ENDODONTIA GUIADA
Authors: Vieira Milena , Aguiar Pamela Freitas
Published: November 2021

A endodontia é uma área da Odontologia que tem como objetivo tratar o dente internamente, recuperando a saúde dentária. Em suma, é um tratamento complexo, que abrange várias complicações. Dentro da endodontia discute-se muito sobre canais calcificados sendo eles de origem patológica ou não, podendo envolver desafios em sua execução e conclusão. O tratamento do sistema de canal radicular calcificado através da endodontia guiada vem sendo ótimo aliado para a realização destes casos. É realizado com associação entre tomografia computadorizada, escaneamento digital e prototipagem através de impressão 3D. A Endodontia guiada se apresenta como uma alternativa eficaz e necessária para solucionar casos mais complexos, como tratamento de canais radiculares calcificados, microcirurgias endodônticas, ainda que haja algumas limitações nesta técnica, se tornam irrelevantes diante dos benefícios. O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura, entre os anos de 1967 á 2020, justifica-se através do estudo o tratamento de canais calcificados utilizando a odontologia guiada como forma de tratamento, tornando o procedimento mais simples, eficaz e diminuindo o tempo de trabalho.
Variable-resolution building exposure modelling for earthquake and tsunami scenario-based risk assessment: an application case in Lima, Peru
Authors: Gomez-Zapata Juan Camilo , Brinckmann Nils , Harig Sven , Zafrir Raquel , Pittore Massimiliano , Cotton Fabrice , Babeyko Andrey
Published: November 2021

Abstract. We propose the use of variable resolution boundaries
based on central Voronoi tessellations (CVTs) to spatially aggregate building
exposure models for risk assessment to various natural hazards. Such a
framework is especially beneficial when the spatial distribution of the
considered hazards presents intensity measures with contrasting footprints
and spatial correlations, such as in coastal environments. This work avoids
the incorrect assumption that a single intensity value from hazards with low
spatial correlation (e.g. tsunami) can be considered to be representative
within large-sized geo-cells for physical vulnerability assessment, without,
at the same time, increasing the complexity of the overall model. We present
decoupled earthquake and tsunami scenario-based risk estimates for the
residential building stock of Lima (Peru). We observe that earthquake loss
models for far-field subduction sources are practically insensitive to the
exposure resolution. Conversely, tsunami loss models and associated
uncertainties depend on the spatial correlations of the hazard intensities
as well as on the resolution of the exposure models. We note that for the
portfolio located in the coastal area exposed to both perils in Lima, the
ground shaking dominates the losses for lower-magnitude earthquakes, whilst
tsunamis cause the most damage for larger-magnitude events. For the latter,
two sets of existing empirical flow depth fragility models are used,
resulting in large differences in the calculated losses. This study,
therefore, raises awareness about the uncertainties associated with the
selection of fragility models and spatial aggregation entities for exposure
modelling and loss mapping.
Entre la teología y la labranza: el clero rural galiciano en los siglos XVI-XIX
Authors: Saavedra Pegerto
Published: November 2021

La Iglesia gozó en Galicia de un enorme poder, no solo por las rentas que percibía sino por disponer de una densa red parroquial que estructuraba un territorio complejo. Desde Trento, y debido al atractivo que la carrera eclesiástica tenía para las familias rurales, aumentó el número de clérigos y su diversidad interna, pues en el siglo XVIII poco más de un tercio ejercía la cura de almas. Los obispos encontraron grandes dificultades para reformar adecuadamente un clero numeroso, apegado a los valores y comportamientos propios del mundo campesino.
El clero parroquial de la diócesis de León en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Pérez Álvarez María José
Published: November 2021

El Concordato de 1851 supuso el inicio de una notable reorganización del territorio diocesano leonés, que no finalizaría hasta pasadas unas décadas. Fruto de la misma surgieron nuevos arciprestazgos, se anularos otros y algunas parroquias cambiaron de demarcación. Al margen de esos vaivenes territoriales, hubo una cuestión que interesó especialmente a los prelados, la salud espiritual y moral de la provincia diocesana que estaba bajo su autoridad. Uno de los medios para recabar esa información eran las visitas pastorales. A partir de las efectuadas a mediados del siglo XVIII se confeccionaron unas “instrucciones secretas” destinadas a los vicarios, a los que encomendaban corregir las conductas, que habían encontrado reprobables, de los eclesiásticos.
Rancang Bangun Alat Screw Extruder Untuk Pembuatan Papan Partikel Campuran Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Plastik LDPE
Authors: Florenza Dytha , Meidinariasty Anerasari , Dewi Erwana
Published: November 2021

Screw Extruder merupakan mesin dengan penggerak motor DC dengan pemanas berupa band heater sebagai elemen utama dengan jenis plastic yang akan dilelehkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat alat screw extruder untuk pencampuran serbuk tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan plastik Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) menjadi papan partikel ukuran 20x10 yang memenuhi SNI 03-2015-2006 untuk pelapis dinding ruangan. Percobaaan dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan proses yaitu pre-treatment tandan kosong kelapa sawit, tahap pembuatan papan partikel dengan menggunakan alat  screw extruder, dan tahap analisa papan partikel yang dihasilkan. Parameter yang diukur ialah kerapatan, kadar air, penambahan tebal, dan daya serap air dari papan partikel yang dihasilkan dengan variasi komposisi bahan TKKS:LDPE 20:80, 25:75, 30:70, 35:75, 40:60, dan variasi suhu extruder 250ºC, 270ºC, dan 290ºC dengan putaran screw tetap sebesar 20 rpm. Perancangan alat screw extruder ini memiliki kapasitas maksimal 19 kg/jam dengan putaran screw maksimal 100 rpm.  Komposisi TKKS:LDPE 20:80 dengan suhu extruder 290ºC menghasilkan papan partikel dengan nilai kerapatan sebesar 0,75 gr/cm3 dengan kadar air minimum 0,11%, daya serap air minimum 13,04%, dan penambahan tebal minimum sebesar 3,05%. Dari variasi suhu extruder 250ºC, 270ºC, dan 290ºC yang telah dilakukan pada pembuatan papan partikel, didapatkan kondisi optimum yaitu pada suhu extruder 290ºC dan kondisi optimum variasi komposisi TKKS:LDPE adalah sebesar 20:80. Papan partikel  yang dihasilkan dari alat screw extruder telah memenuhi SNI 03-2015-2006 dengan kondisi optimum suhu ektruder 290ºC dan kondidi optimum perban komposisi TKKS:LDPE adalah 20:80.
Evil Chronotopes Ion Creanga’s work
Authors:   ", Girlea Olesea ,   Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu",   Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, Gavrilov Anatolie ,   "Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu" Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on the notions of structural elements of the chronotope developed by M. Bakhtin and applied in the stories of the Romanian writer Ion Creanga from the perspective of the imaginary, namely: challenge, chance, nature, landscape, heroes' pilgrimage, road, threshold. Overpassing evil places such as the forest, places haunted by devils, the pond, the pub are clues in the rounding of the character. The idea of good and evil spaces is strongly anchored in the collective unconscious according to the principle of splitting and differentiation between opposites. The evil spaces in Ion Creanga's stories are places of voluntary or involuntary challenge in which the initiation and rounding of the characters takes place.
The Folklore of the Calendar Customs (Spring, Summer, Autumn) Recorded in The Digitized Collections of Ethnographic and Folkloric Materials
Authors:   ", Onica Dorina ,   Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu",   Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The article informs and provides an analysis on the qualitative and quantitative level of the data regarding the folklore of the calendar customs (spring, summer, autumn), which were digitized within the project Saving the Folkloric Archival Material Preserved in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova (EAP1045). Transgressed from the classic archiving format to the digitized one, the manuscripts and cassette tapes offer us valuable information gathered between 1956-1992, with reference to the folklore of the feasts celebrated in the warm season of the year, as well as of the customs, social, ceremonial and ritual practices, beliefs and mythical representations associated with them. Evaluating the consistency of documenting these folkloric and ethnographic expressions in the archival materials, we noticed inequalities and prioritizations in their recording and researching, the attention of the folclorists being visibly diffused towards other genres of folklore.
The file drawer effect – a long-lasting issue in science
Authors:   University of Trento, Lemaire Bastien ,   In&Sight, Lenoble Raphaël , Zanon Mirko , Jacquel Thibaud , Vallortigara Giorgio
Published: November 2021

Most of the scientific outputs produced by researchers are inaccessible since they are not published in scientific journals: they remain in the researchers' drawers, forming what we call the Dark Science. This is a long-standing issue in research, creating a misleading view of the scientific facts. Contrary to the current literature overfed with positive findings, the Dark Science is nurtured with null findings, replications, flawed experimental designs and other research outputs. Publishers, researchers, institutions and funders all play an important role in the accumulation of those unpublished works, but it is only once we understand the reasons and the benefits of publishing all the scientific findings that we can collectively act to solve the Dark Science problem. In this article, we discuss the causes and consequences of the Dark Science expansion, arguing that science and scientists would benefit from getting all their findings to the light of publication.
Evaluation of Enhancement Factor for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water through Adsorption by Non-Activated and Activated Carbon Prepared from Rice Husk
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Shafeeq Amir , Nasir Tahir Saleem , Bashir Farzana , Ahmad Tausif , Abbas Naeem , Butt Muhammad Tahir , Deeba Farah
Published: November 2021

Removal of heavy metal ions (HMI) from water streams is desirable due to their toxic and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, this study was conducted to prepare a low cost adsorbent in the form of non-activated carbon (NAC) and activated carbon (AC) using rice husk, a local bio-waste material. Activation of material was performed by base leaching, chemical activation using ZnCl2, followed by acid washing. The initial and final concentrations of HMI in water were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Volatile matter, ash, moisture and surface area of the prepared material were measured using ASTM methods E 897- 88 R04, E 830 - 87 R04, E 949 - 88 R04 and D 1050 - 1 respectively. An enhancement factor was used to evaluate the activating effect of the adsorbent. Maximum % age removal of HMI was measured as 69.0, 64.0, 62.0 and 56% for Ni, Cd, Zn and Pb respectively using NAC. However, by using AC, a significant increase in the %age removal efficiency of HMI was observed and measured as 99.0, 95.5, 93.0 and 89% for Ni, Cd, Zn and Pb respectively. The results showed that AC derived from waste biomass is a simple, ecological and cost-effective approach to remove bulk of metal ions from water and wastewater.
Micro-Level Study of Deforestation in the Capital Terrotory of Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Fatima , Taj Muhammad Babar , Jamil Asma , Raheel Ahmad , Sharif Muhammad , Kamal Huda , Afzal Tahira , Khan Tahseenullah , Iqbal Muhammad Jamshed , Ashiq Muhammad , Iftikhar Shafia
Published: November 2021

Wood products are better than artificial material, products when evaluating with environmental concerns, but our World's forests cannot be compromised for these products. As the increasing demand for wood product leads to deforestation, more rapid tree cutting even without permits and cause threat to human health and wildlife. The current study estimates the percentage of wood cutting and gives a comparison of green cover for a period (2009-2016) in Margalla Hills National Park (MHNP), Islamabad. Scale and after math of wood harvesting is a major area of concern. The wood consumption by villagers of MHNP, the role of authorities and communities to safeguard MHNP and its effects are also studied by incorporating villagers and forest guards' point of view through questionnaire and interviews, respectively. The forest cover of MHNP is reduced at high percentage due to deforestation and different land use pattern. It needs to be monitored and taken as the responsibility of the government and the public to protect forests.
Afinitatea de altoire a unor soiuri autohtone d e viţă-de-vie Vitis vinifera, altoite pe diferite soiuri de portaltoi aflate în cultură în Republica Moldova
Authors:   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Ungureanu Semion , Mihov Dumitru ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Vutcarau Vasile ,   Elvitis Com SRL, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

În lucrare sunt prezentate rezultatele cercetărilor privind stabilirea afinităţii de altoire a unor soiuri autohtone Vitis vinifera altoite pe 3 soiuri de portaltoi. Cel mai înalt randament de material săditor din soiurile Fetească neagră şi Codrinschi au fost obţinute prin altoirea lor pe portaltoiul 10114, iar pe soiurile Fetească regală şi Rară neagră – respectiv pe portaltoiurile Kober 5BB şi SO4.
Influenţa factorilor climatici asupra fenofazelor de dezvoltare a plantelor de mur
Authors:   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Caterenciuc Cristina
Published: November 2021

Lucrarea reprezintă o analiză a cercetărilor științifice efectuate în perioada anilor 2018 –2020 la cultura murului, orientată spre studierea adaptabilității soiurilor de mur în condiţiile climei schimbătoare. În lucrare sunt prezentate rezultatele cercetărilor şi observărilor efectuate asupra parcurgerii fazelor fenologice şi durata acestora, care este în corelaţie directă cu evoluţia şi intensitatea factorilor ecologici. În urma cercetărilor efectuate privind desfăşurarea fenofazelor pe parcursul perioadei de studiu a soiurilor de mur Darrow, Arapaho, Thornfree și Smoothstem, s-a stabilit că: desfacerea mugurilor s-a desfășurat între 27.03 și 20.04, cu durata de 26-58 de zile. Începutul înfloririi a avut loc în perioada 08.05–09.06, cu durata de 15-21 de zile. Maturarea fructelor s-a început în perioada 16.06– 23.07, cu durata de 33-47 de zile. La soiurile de mur studiate perioada de la începutul vegetaţiei până la maturarea fructelor variază între 86 și 100 de zile.
Elaborarea tehnologiilor de cultivare şi prelucrare a strugurilor de selecţie nouă cu aromă de muscat
Authors:   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Cuharschi Mihail , Cebanu Vitalie ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Taran Nicolae ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Gaina Boris ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Degteari Vladimir ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

În lucrarea de faţă sunt prezentate date privind originea, agrobiologia, elementele de bază ale agrotehnicii varietale specifice soiurilor cu aromă de muscat, obţinute din încrucișări interspecifice în cadrul IŞPHTA. Sunt oferite informaţii despre rezistenţa lor complexă la factorii biotici şi abiotici, particularităţile protecţiei contra bolilor şi dăunătorilor. Se arată influenţa proceselor tehnologice de prelucrare a strugurilor asupra conţinutului de substanţe terpenice (aromatice) în vinuri.
Compoziţa fizico-chimică a vinurilor albe seci obţinute din soiuri de struguri asanate de selecţie nouă
Authors:   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Taran Nicolae , Ponomariova Irina ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Scorbanova Elena ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Soldatenco Olga ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Morari Boris ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Nemteanu Silvia ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Rusu Serghei ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova, Golenco Lidia ,   Scientific-Practical Institute of Horticulture and Food Technologies, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

În această lucrare a fost studiat potenţialul soiurilor de struguri asanate de selecţie nouă, în vederea elaborării unor tehnologii optimale pentru producerea vinurilor albe de calitate înaltă. A fost cercetată compoziția fizico-chimică a vinurilor albe seci, produse în cadrul IȘPHTA, obținute prin diferite scheme tehnologice din diferite soiuri de struguri asanate de selecție nouă. Vinurile studiate au fost de asemenea apreciate organoleptic. În urma cercetărilor au fost date recomandări în vederea perfecționării tehnologiilor de producere a vinurilor albe seci de calitate înaltă obținute din soiuri de selecție nouă.
Il parto extra-ospedaliero: un’indagine quanti-qualitativa presso una casa maternità di Roma
Authors: Colaceci Sofia , Cicero Roberta Vittoria , Reali Laura
Published: November 2021

A quantitative-qualitative study was performed to describe outcomes and experiences of women who gave birth in an out-of-hospital setting in Rome, Italy, between 2016 and 2018. A retrospective observational study was carried out through the collection of clinical and healthcare data of 96 women assisted in these 3 years. Among them 9 were transferred to hospital during labour. The main outcomes of the out-of-hospital deliveries (n = 87) were: intact perineum and no third- or fourth-degree perineal tear in 44,8% of cases, delayed cord clamping in 100% of cases (of which 26.4% were lotus birth) and exclusive breastfeeding in 94.3% of cases at 7 days after delivery and 93.3% at 3 and 6 months. The qualitative phase was conducted on 15 women and involved focus groups and in-depth interviews. It emerged that the choice to give birth in an out-of-hospital setting was mainly due to either the couple’s respect for birth physiology and intimacy or a previous negative experience of hospital birth.
Medical Student Syndrome in Dental Students
Authors: Hassan Muhammad , Bajwa Obaid , Tariq Amina , Aslam Roshaney , Arif Aqsa , Khan Nisa
Published: November 2021

Aim: To identify the presence of Medical Student Syndrome in dental students of Lahore compared to non-dental students Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore (Aug 2019 to Nov 2020). A structured questionnaire was adopted, modified and distributed amongst university going dental and non-dental students of various universities in Lahore. The sample selection was done using the cluster and consecutive sampling technique. Results: When asked about worrying too much about being seriously ill, 158(56.8%) of the respondents agreed with the statement. Similarly, when asked about being aware of the sensations occurring in the body, 211(75.8%) participants stated that they were aware of the sensations and critically analyzed them. Amongst the students, 149(53.6%) agreed with the statement that they frequently checked their bodies for signs and symptoms of disease only 62(22.3%) disagreed with the statement and the rest were neutral. Conclusion: To conclude, the Medical Student Syndrome as a separate entity amongst dental students cannot be established as a mental health issue based on the results of this study. However, the presence of hypochondriac behavior amongst the students’ needs to be further evaluated in Lahore. Keywords: Non-dental students, Dental Students, Medical Student Syndrome, Mental Health
Dental Aesthetic Index (Dai) Score Among Patients with Antero-Posterior Basal Bone Discrepancy
Authors: imtiaz Annam , Qamar Ch. Rehan , Yousaf Usman , Umar Shah Mohammad , Malik Aaqil , Afzal Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Aim: To determine the mean Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) malocclusion score among patients with Antero-posterior basal bone discrepancy (APBBD) and to assess the treatment need of the patients with horizontal jaw deformities as calculated by DAI guidelines. Methodology: The descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Orthodontic department, University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore. Lateral cephalograms of the patients were analyzed for anteroposterior basal bone discrepancy by measuring angle ANB. Two hundred and thirty one subjects were included in the study having ANB >4° or <1° through non probability consecutive sampling technique. Study casts were obtained and malocclusion parameters for Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) were calculated. Results: The mean Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) score in APBBD was 37.10 ± 7.62, in skeletal class II (37.14 ± 7.90) and in skeletal class III (36.98 ± 6.68), (p-value 0.75). Moderate positive correlation existed between DAI score and ANB in skeletal class II subjects (R 0.49, p <0.001). Conclusion: The mean DAI score in APBBD showed mandatory treatment need in patients with Antero-posterior basal bone discrepancy. Moderately positive correlation existed between ANB and DAI score in skeletal class II patients. Keywords: Malocclusion, Dental Aesthetic Index, Jaw disharmony
Perception about Importance of Buccal Corridor and its Width in Smile Esthetics
Authors: Khalid Mariya , Javed Sidra , Ihsan Palwasha , Naeem Maria , Chughtai Muhammad Ali , Khan Ehtesham , Tariq Amina
Published: November 2021

Aim: To assess the perception of dental students and house officers regarding role of buccal corridor in smile esthetics and to determine the most esthetically pleasing buccal corridor width. Methods: A photograph of the patient’s face, smiling with the teeth visible up to the first molar was modified digitally to create smiles with no buccal corridor, increasing buccal corridors widths of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20 % and 25% respectively compared with the width of inner oral commissure. A total of 376 dental students and HOs participated in the study and data was collected in questionnaires. Results: Buccal corridor is considered to affect the smile esthetics of an individual by 72.4% of house officers, 67.6% of second year students, 48.7% of 3rd year students and 52.4% of fourth year students(P value: 0.002). Visibility of around 5-10% of buccal corridor was considered most esthetically pleasing, however, the result was not significant. Conclusion: Buccal corridor is an important component in smile esthetics considered by students and house officers of dental colleges. Buccal corridor width of 5-10 % was considered most esthetically pleasing among participants. Keywords: Buccal corridor, Esthetics, perception
The Prevalence and Extent of Physiological and Pathological Gingival Pigmentation in Patients Visiting Riyadh Elm University Clinics
Authors: Shaheen Rakan S. , Alsaif Fedaa M. , Alghofaily Ghada A. , Alhumaid Najla S. , Almusallam Raghad Z. , Alharthi Razan a.
Published: November 2021

Background: Gingival pigmentation presents as a diffuse deep discoloration or as irregularly shaped brown and light brown or black patches, striate, or strands. It is generally agreed that pigmented areas are solely pre-sent when melanin granules, synthesized by melanocytes, are transferred to keratinocytes. Aim: To study the prevalence, extent, and etiology of gingival pigmentation among Riyadh Elm University clin-ics’ attendees. Design and Settings: Examinations were done in Riyadh Elm University by four calibrated examiners. Methods: Patients underwent a Gingival Index examination, followed by an assessment of the presence or ab-sence of gingival pigmentations. If the latter were present, the patient underwent a Hedin’s Melanin Index, a Gingival Melanosis Record, and a Von Luschan Scale examination to evaluate the extent, distribution, and col-or of the pigmentation. Statistical analysis: Cohen’s Kappa Test and Chi-Square Test Results: A total of 139 (80.3%) patients had gingival pigmentation, of which 79 (56.8%) were males. Gingival pigmentations were found in 42 (93.3%) cigarette smokers, 40 (83.3%) hubbly bubbly smokers, and 20 (86.9%) electronic cigarette smokers. Both arches were affected in 102 patients, the canines’ area had the highest incidence of pigmentation (88.9%) while the molars had the least incidence (18.1%). Scores of 2 and 3 on the Hedin’s Index were the highest at 51 and 52 patients respectively. The mean color of the pigmentations on the Von Luschan scale was 21.49 ± 4.59, but it was higher for smokers and patients with severe inflamma-tion. Conclusions : Gingival pigmentation was more prevalent among all types of smokers—cigarettes, hubbly bubbly, and e-cigarettes compared to non-smokers. More pigmentations were also associated with the higher intake. The major patterns of pigmentation distribution were the short-connected-continuous ribbons and the more-than-two-solitary-papillae. Keywords: Gingival Pigmentation, Hedin’s Index, Color, Distribution, Smokers
Reversal of portal gastropathy with partial internal biliary diversion in a case of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: Dhali Arkadeep , Roger B Rathna , Pasangha Elaina , D'Souza Christopher , Dhali Gopal Krishna
Published: November 2021

Progressive intrahepatic cholestasis is a rare, genetic disorder causing bile acid secretion or transport defects. It can result in intrahepatic cholestasis that can progress to end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis is made using a combination of clinical and biochemical approaches. Genetic testing is currently the gold standard for investigation.

We report a case of an 18-month-old male child with cholestatic pattern of jaundice from 16 months of life, which was associated with features suggestive of portal gastropathy. Detailed workup led to the diagnosis of progressive intrahepatic cholestasis (type 2). Early diagnosis prevented the need for liver transplant, and the child underwent surgical treatment with partial internal biliary diversion. Portal gastropathy and disease progression dramatically changed with corrective surgery. The patient was symptom-free at 10-week follow-up.

Detecting this rare genetic disorder early has very good therapeutic implications from the patient's perspective and their morbidity and mortality profile; if untreated, it has a high propensity to progress to end-stage liver disease. The requirement of surgical interventions and liver transplantation is individualized on a case-to-case basis. An early diagnosis and initiation of treatment can prevent the need for a liver transplant as shown in the present case.