bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Penerapan Automasi Perpustakaan Pada Perpustakaan Sekolah
Authors: Alfin Ramadhan Muhammad , Rohyanti Zulaikha Sri
Published: October 2023

(1) Libraries play an important role in all institutions, particularly schools. Libraries in schools exist and must serve as a driving force in realizing and creating the best learning environment possible. To support this, library management services must be revolutionized by developing or applying information technology. (2) Understanding the significance of putting in place an automated system in the school library. (3) The method for writing this article was developed through a review of the literature. (4) stated that there are six important reasons why library automation must be implemented, the first being demands on the number and quality of library services, the second being demands on shared use of collections, the third being demands to streamline human resources, the fourth being demands for time efficiency, the fifth being demands for accuracy information services, and the sixth being the diversity of information managed by the library. (5) The Industrial Revolution, which affected many fields, including school libraries, enabled better service and management. If you pay attention to the legal basis, needs, and rapidly developing technology, library acceleration, particularly good library management, can be carried out by any school library. Management, service, and information accessibility will be more effective and efficient for school library managers and users if the six reasons for the importance of implementing automation in libraries are considered.
The Terubuk Fish in Bengkalis 19th to 20th Century: A Study of Animal History
Authors: Syahrian Windi , Rahmat Syahrul
Published: October 2023

Terubuk fish were an important part of the life of the Bengkalis people in the past, both from an economic and cultural perspective. The high selling price in the market made terubuk a target for fishermen in the area and even involved local and colonial governments. This article examines the history of the catching and trading of terubuk from time to time, as well as the involvement of terubuk in historical dynamics in Bengkalis in the 19th to 20th centuries. This research is historical research which consists of four stages, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of the research were then analyzed using an animal history approach, in which, according to Rees, animals are agents who have the capacity to contribute to history. As a result of the research, Ikan Terubuk is an agent who plays an important role in the dynamics of trade and cultural history in Bengkalis. From the trade aspect, terubuk is a commodity with high economic value and has also been one of the export commodities in the past. Meanwhile, from the cultural aspect, the idea of ikan terubuk is manifested in the form of tradition through the semah terubuk ceremony and the creation of syair ikan terubuk.
Nursing Experience of Traditional Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Nursing Combined with Fasting Therapy in Paraplegic Patients
Authors: Juan ZHU  , Longqian CHENG  , Fangjie CAI
Published: October 2023

This study aims to explore the application and experience of traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing combined with fasting therapy in the care of paraplegic patients. By reviewing the clinical situation of paraplegic patients who underwent traditional Chinese medicine fasting therapy from May 2022 to July 2023, and observing the changes in their quality of life through combined traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing. The results show that the combination of traditional Chinese medicine comprehensive nursing and fasting therapy has a positive effect on the care of paraplegic patients.
Le dessous des terres dans quelques textes francophones malgaches et de l’océan Indien : redéfinir de nouvelles « résonances » ?
Authors: Magdelaine-Andrianjafitrimo Valérie
Published: October 2023

Les textes malgaches de langue française de Rakotoson, Raharimanana et Ravaloson mettent en scène les dessous des terres par l’image de l’enfouissement de personnages dans des mines ou sous des ordures. Mais ils évoquent aussi d’autres espaces sous les terres : grottes, eau souterraine… En quoi une écopoétique des profonds peut-elle permettre d’interpréter la récurrence de ces lieux enfouis ? Le dessous des terres est un espace d’exploitation et de catabase qui semble loin des « profonds » définis par Glissant comme « ce qui, par-dessous, crée le lien entre tous les ici ». Le dessous peut cependant se muer en profonds lorsque s’y exerce une « résonance » qui constitue une expérience concrète que le sujet entretient avec les lieux. Il ne se conçoit plus dès lors comme une ressource à exploiter, ce qui le condamne au mutisme mais peut établir avec les sujets et entre les mondes une Relation concrète et « responsive ».
Les profonds, traces d’une mémoire collective vivante : lecture de La Grotte éclatée de Yamina Mechakra
Authors: Khene Rym
Published: October 2023

« La mémoire collective parle encore aujourd’hui de passages souterrains creusés par les Numides. Ce n’est pas pour rien que les partisans de la Kahina et les maquisards du Premier Novembre sont passés par les mêmes grottes, de l’Aurès à la Tunisie », écrit Kateb Yacine dans la préface de La Grotte éclatée de Yamina Mechakra. Dans ce roman publié en 1979, la guerre pour l’indépendance de l’Algérie se joue dans les profonds, mais que traduit « la grotte » lorsqu’elle est éclatée et traversée par l’écriture, à la fois poétique et très ancrée dans la terre, de Yamina Mechakra ? En interrogeant des expériences qui adviennent dans la « grotte » dans un contexte où tous les repères semblent être invisibles, cet article explore les traces de la mémoire collective que peuvent faire émerger ces lieux.
Das Geistesleben unter die großstädte: the socio-affective order in the subway from a Simmelian perspective
Authors: Serna Luna Erick
Published: October 2023

The reflection on socio-affective relations and the construction of social order in public transport originated in the thought of Georg Simmel. A theme that has been deepened by the French tradition of urban studies. Which has studied the role of emotional exchanges between the user public in the construction of the social order of the New and York and Paris subways. However, when observing transport systems of this type in Latin America, there are other populations that, by using the subway for commercial purposes, influence the construction of the socio-affective order in the subway. These cases allow us to relate other Simmelian reflections on socio-affective relations, such as the notion of the poor and the extranger. Based on this, the article proposes to move towards a general and inclusive reflection on the importance of socio-affective relations in the construction of social order in the subway.
Imaging analysis of six human histone H1 variants reveals universal enrichment of H1.2, H1.3, and H1.5 at the nuclear periphery and nucleolar H1X presence
Authors: Salinas-Pena Mónica , Rebollo Elena , Jordan Albert
Published: October 2023

Histone H1 participates in chromatin condensation and regulates nuclear processes. Human somatic cells may contain up to seven histone H1 variants, although their functional heterogeneity is not fully understood. Here, we have profiled the differential nuclear distribution of the somatic H1 repertoire in human cells through imaging techniques including super-resolution microscopy. H1 variants exhibit characteristic distribution patterns in both interphase and mitosis. H1.2, H1.3, and H1.5 are universally enriched at the nuclear periphery in all cell lines analyzed and co-localize with compacted DNA. H1.0 shows a less pronounced peripheral localization, with apparent variability among different cell lines. On the other hand, H1.4 and H1X are distributed throughout the nucleus, being H1X universally enriched in high-GC regions and abundant in the nucleoli. Interestingly, H1.4 and H1.0 show a more peripheral distribution in cell lines lacking H1.3 and H1.5. The differential distribution patterns of H1 suggest specific functionalities in organizing lamina-associated domains or nucleolar activity, which is further supported by a distinct response of H1X or phosphorylated H1.4 to the inhibition of rDNA transcription. Moreover, H1 variants depletion affects chromatin structure in a variant-specific manner. Concretely, H1.2 knock-down, either alone or combined, triggers a global chromatin decompaction. Overall, imaging has allowed us to distinguish H1 variants distribution beyond the segregation in two groups denoted by previous ChIP-seq determinations. Our results support H1 variants heterogeneity and suggest that variant-specific functionality can be shared between different cell types.
Experiences of technostressors during the Covid-19 pandemic among Finnish comprehensive school teachers
Authors: Bordi Laura , Nuutinen Sanna
Published: October 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic caused significant changes to teachers’ work, including a rapid switch to remote teaching. This increased the role of ICT in teachers’ work and made teachers susceptible to technostress. In this study, we aimed to identify ICT-related stressors (i.e., technostressors) in comprehensive school teachers’ work in Finland during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data, consisting of answers to two open-ended questions, were gathered as part of a questionnaire (n=361), and qualitative content analysis was applied. Based on the analysis, technostressors were divided into five categories: rapid ICT adoption, technological inadequacies, ICT-related pedagogical challenges, limitations in social interaction, and multichannel communication and availability pressure. The findings indicate that schools were not prepared for the pandemic-induced online teaching, which showed in inadequate resources and support for teachers. Moving forward, schools could reduce technostressors by, for example, organizing technical and pedagogical support, developing shared practices to decrease the digital communication load and availability pressure, and fostering interaction and collaboration in online environments.
Semantic visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) using deep learning for dynamic scenes
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ya , Abd Rahman Abdul Hadi , Qamar Faizan
Published: October 2023

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a fundamental problem in robotics and computer vision. It involves the task of a robot or an autonomous system navigating an unknown environment, simultaneously creating a map of the surroundings, and accurately estimating its position within that map. While significant progress has been made in SLAM over the years, challenges still need to be addressed. One prominent issue is robustness and accuracy in dynamic environments, which can cause uncertainties and errors in the estimation process. Traditional methods using temporal information to differentiate static and dynamic objects have limitations in accuracy and applicability. Nowadays, many research trends have leaned towards utilizing deep learning-based methods which leverage the capabilities to handle dynamic objects, semantic segmentation, and motion estimation, aiming to improve accuracy and adaptability in complex scenes. This article proposed an approach to enhance monocular visual odometry’s robustness and precision in dynamic environments. An enhanced algorithm using the semantic segmentation algorithm DeeplabV3+ is used to identify dynamic objects in the image and then apply the motion consistency check to remove feature points belonging to dynamic objects. The remaining static feature points are then used for feature matching and pose estimation based on ORB-SLAM2 using the Technical University of Munich (TUM) dataset. Experimental results show that our method outperforms traditional visual odometry methods in accuracy and robustness, especially in dynamic environments. By eliminating the influence of moving objects, our method improves the accuracy and robustness of visual odometry in dynamic environments. Compared to the traditional ORB-SLAM2, the results show that the system significantly reduces the absolute trajectory error and the relative pose error in dynamic scenes. Our approach has significantly improved the accuracy and robustness of the SLAM system’s pose estimation.
Assessment of River Water Quality during Summer Season in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Minz Alfa Omega , Nath Satyendra
Published: October 2023

The present study is focused on assessment of river water quality during summer season in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh was experimentally investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyzed the physio-chemical properties of the river Ganga and Yamuna in Prayagraj. Water parameters such as pH, EC, DO, BOD, Alkalinity, Chloride, TDS and Hardness were analyzed. The results reveals that water was suitable for irrigation on purpose as the values were found to be within the permissible limit except DO whose values were found to be slightly less than the permissible limit.
The Japanese version of the occupational future time perspective scale: A validation study
Authors: Mori Koji , Odagami Kiminori , Hiraoka Ko , Ito Naoto , Inoue Akiomi , Nagata Tomohisa , Adi Nuri Purwito , Zacher Hannes
Published: October 2023

Objective

This study aimed to develop and validate a Japanese version of the Occupational Future Time Perspective scale (OFTP-J) and assess its structural validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test–retest reliability among Japanese workers.

Methods

The online survey was conducted with 2046 participants who met the eligibility criteria. The Japanese version of the OFTP scale was developed through translation and back-translation processes. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate the structural validity. Pearson’s correlations were computed to assess construct validity, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated to determine internal consistency. Test–retest reliability was examined using Cohen’s weighted kappa coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients.

Results

The confirmatory factor analysis supported an 8-item model with three factors (i.e., focus on opportunities, perceived remaining time, and focus on limitations) for the Japanese version of the OFTP scale. The scale demonstrated high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.81 to 0.92. Construct validity was supported by significant correlations between the OFTP scale and its subscales, possible antecedents (age, self-rated health, and job control), and possible outcomes (learning goal orientation, job crafting, and work engagement). Test–retest reliability was confirmed with moderate agreement.

Conclusions

The OFTP-J was found to be reliable and valid. It can be used to measure OFTP among Japanese workers and facilitate comparative research with the original English version. The OFTP-J provides valuable insights into the learning motivation and work engagement of the aging workforce.
Data‐Driven Discovery of Organic Electronic Materials Enabled by Hybrid Top‐Down/Bottom‐Up Design
Authors: Blaskovits J. Terence , Laplaza Ruben , Vela Sergi , Corminboeuf Clémence
Published: October 2023

The high‐throughput exploration and screening of molecules for organic electronics involves either a ‘top‐down’ curation and mining of existing repositories, or a ‘bottom‐up’ assembly of user‐defined fragments based on known synthetic templates. Both are time‐consuming approaches requiring significant resources to compute electronic properties accurately. Here, ‘top‐down‘ is combined with ‘bottom‐up‘ through automatic assembly and statistical models, thus providing a platform for the fragment‐based discovery of organic electronic materials. This study generates a top‐down set of 117K synthesized molecules containing structures, electronic and topological properties and chemical composition, and uses them as building blocks for bottom‐up design. A tool is developed to automate the coupling of these building blocks at their C(sp2/sp)‐H bonds, providing a fundamental link between the two dataset construction philosophies. Statistical models are trained on this dataset and a subset of resulting top‐down/bottom‐up compounds, enabling on‐the‐fly prediction of ground and excited state properties with high accuracy across organic compound space. With access to ab initio‐quality optical properties, this bottom‐up pipeline may be applied to any materials design campaign using existing compounds as building blocks. To illustrate this, over a million molecules are screened for singlet fission. tThe leading candidates provide insight into the features promoting this multiexciton‐generating process.
Dual‐Mode Conversion of Photodetector and Neuromorphic Vision Sensor via Bias Voltage Regulation on a Single Device
Authors: Feng Siyu , Li Jiangxu , Feng Lizhi , Liu Zitong , Wang Junchao , Cui Cong , Zhou Ouxiang , Deng Lijie , Xu Hanning , Leng Bing , Chen Xing‐Qiu , Jiang Xin , Liu Baodan , Zhang Xinglai
Published: October 2023

Simultaneous implementation of photodetector and neuromorphic vision sensor (NVS) on a single device faces a great challenge, due to the inherent speed discrepancy in their photoresponse characteristics. In this work, a trench‐bridged GaN/Ga2O3/GaN back‐to‐back double heterojunction array device is fabricated to enable the advanced functionalities of both devices on a single device. Interestingly, the device shows fast photoresponse and persistent photoconductivity behavior at low and high voltages, respectively, through the modulation of oxygen vacancy ionization and de‐ionization processes in Ga2O3. Consequently, the role of the optoelectronic device can be altered between the photodetector and NVS by simply adjusting the magnitude of bias voltage. As a photodetector, the device is able to realize fast optical imaging and optical communication functions. On the other hand, the device exhibits outstanding image sensing, image memory, and neuromorphic visual pre‐processing as an NVS. The utilization of NVS for image pre‐processing leads to a noticeable enhancement in both recognition accuracy and efficiency. The results presented in this work not only offer a new avenue to obtain complex functionality on a single optoelectronic device but also provide opportunities to implement advanced robotic vision systems and neuromorphic computing.
Quantifying winter survival of alfalfa [Medicago sativa (L.)]
Authors: Poudel Kabita , Sheaffer Craig , Jungers Jacob M. , Weihs Brandon J. , Lamb JoAnn F. S. , Bauder Sarah , Picasso Valentin , Heuschele Jo , Xu Zhanyou
Published: October 2023

Winter injury of alfalfa [Medicago sativa (L.)] in the northern United States decreases its economic and ecosystem benefits. Therefore, continued improvement in alfalfa cultivar winter survival (WS) is crucial for sustaining the productivity of this perennial crop. The North American Alfalfa Improvement Conference (NAAIC) standard test for WS recommends measuring the WS of spaced plants established in rows the previous spring. Measurement of WS of alfalfa grown in sward plots used by plant breeders would increase data collection and better reflect the potential for WS when grown in production fields. We conducted trials at seven location‐year environments spanning from Wisconsin to South Dakota in the northern United States. These trials involved six check cultivars and followed protocols from the NAAIC standard test. The objectives were to determine (1) if WS and biomass yield assessment from sward plots were similar to those from the standard spaced planted row ratings and (2) if location‐dependent environmental conditions affected the usefulness of alternative approaches for measuring WS. Estimation of WS using spaced plants and sward measurements was highly correlated, while correlations between the WS of the spaced planted rows and biomass yields were less. The number of locations required for spaced and sward plantings to determine cultivar differences was at least two, with four replications per location. Measuring WS from swards can enhance data collection and its relevance to on‐farm alfalfa production, as sward plots serve a dual purpose by allowing both WS testing and evaluation of yield, making them a practical choice in comparison to the exclusive use of spaced plants in rows for WS testing. Availability of sward‐plot WS descriptions of alfalfa cultivars will enhance decision making by producers.
Predictors of persistent disease in biologic treated type 2 diffuse/eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing surgery
Authors: Png Lu Hui , Kalish Larry , Campbell Raewyn G. , Seresirikachorn Kachorn , Albrecht Tobias , Raji Nelufer , Choy Christine , Rimmer Janet , Earls Peter , Sacks Raymond , Harvey Richard J.
Published: October 2023

Background

Biologic therapy targeting type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has greatly improved disease control but nonresponders exist in a proportion of patients in phase 3 trials and clinical practice. This study explores the serum and histologic changes in biologic treated CRSwNP that predict disease control.

Methods

A cross‐sectional study was performed of patients with CRSwNP on biologics for their asthma, who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery while on biologic therapy. At the 6‐month postoperative assessment, patients with poorly controlled CRSwNP while on biologic therapy were compared to patients who were controlled. Blood and mucosal samples taken at the time of surgery 6 months prior were assessed to predict disease control.

Results

A total of 37 patients were included (age 47.8 ± 12.4 years, 43.2% female). Those with poorly controlled disease had reduced tissue eosinophils (% >100 cells/high‐powered field: 8.3% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001) and increased serum neutrophils (5.2 ± 2.7 vs. 3.7 ± 1.1 × 109 cells/L, p = 0.02). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that reduced tissue eosinophil was predictive for poorly controlled disease (OR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.05, 0.83], p = 0.03). Receiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed that need for rescue systemic corticosteroid was predicted at a serum neutrophil cut‐off level of 5.75 × 109 cells/L (sensitivity = 80.0%, specificity = 96.9%, AUC = 0.938, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Low tissue eosinophils and increased serum neutrophils while on biologics predict for poor response in the biological treatment of with CRSwNP. A serum neutrophil level of ≥5.75 × 109 cells/L predicts for poor response to current biologic therapy.
Unusual Thermal Quenching of Photoluminescence from an Organic–Inorganic Hybrid [MnBr4]2−‐based Halide Mediated by Crystalline–Crystalline Phase Transition
Authors: Lun Meng‐Meng , Ni Hao‐Fei , Zhang Zhi‐Xu , Li Jun‐Yi , Jia Qiang‐Qiang , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yujian , Fu Da‐Wei
Published: October 2023

The ability to generate and manipulate photoluminescence (PL) behavior has been of primary importance for applications in information security. Excavating novel optical effects to create more possibilities for information encoding has become a continuous challenge. Herein, we present an unprecedented PL temporary quenching that highly couples with thermodynamic phase transition in a hybrid crystal (DMML)2MnBr4 (DMML=N,N‐dimethylmorpholinium). Such unusual PL behavior originates from the anomalous variation of [MnBr4]2− tetrahedrons that leads to non‐radiation recombination near the phase transition temperature of 340 K. Remarkably, the suitable detectable temperature, narrow response window, high sensitivity, and good cyclability of this PL temporary quenching will endow encryption applications with high concealment, operational flexibility, durability, and commercial popularization. Profited from these attributes, a fire‐new optical encryption model is devised to demonstrate high confidential information security. This unprecedented optical effect would provide new insights and paradigms for the development of luminescent materials to enlighten future information encryption.
High‐Throughput Experimentation and Machine Learning‐Assisted Optimization of Iridium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dimerization of Sulfoxonium Ylides
Authors: Xu Yougen , Gao Yadong , Su Lebin , Wu Haiting , Tian Hao , Zeng Majian , Xu Chunqiu , Zhu Xinwei , Liao Kuangbiao
Published: October 2023

A novel and convenient approach that combines high‐throughput experimentation (HTE) with machine learning (ML) technologies to achieve the first selective cross‐dimerization of sulfoxonium ylides via iridium catalysis is presented. A variety of valuable amide‐, ketone‐, ester‐, and N‐heterocycle‐substituted unsymmetricalE‐alkenes are synthesized in good yields with high stereoselectivities. This mild method avoids the use of diazo compounds and is characterized by simple operation, high step‐economy, and excellent chemoselectivity and functional group compatibility. The combined experimental and computational studies identify an amide‐sulfoxonium ylide as a carbene precursor. Furthermore, a comprehensive exploration of the reaction space is also performed (600 reactions) and a machine learning model for reaction yield prediction has been constructed.
Desymmetrization of Geminal Difluoromethylenes using a Palladium/Copper/Lithium Ternary System for the Stereodivergent Synthesis of Fluorinated Amino Acids
Authors: Luo Yicong , Ma Yuqi , Li Guanlin , Huo Xiaohong , Zhang Wanbin
Published: October 2023

Fluorinated amino acids and related peptides/proteins have been found widespread applications in pharmaceutical and agricultural compounds. However, strategies for introducing a C−F bond into amino acids in an enantioselective manner are still limited and no such asymmetric catalysis strategy has been reported. Herein, we have successfully developed a Pd/Cu/Li ternary system for stereodivergent synthesis of chiral fluorinated amino acids. This method involves a sequential desymmetrization of geminal difluoromethylenes and allylic substitution with amino acid Schiff bases via Pd/Li and Pd/Cu dual activation, respectively. A series of non‐natural amino acids bearing a chiral allylic/benzylic fluorine motif are easily synthesized in high yields with excellent regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivities (up to >20 : 1 dr and >99 % ee). A density functional theory (DFT) study revealed the F−Cu interaction of the allylic substrate and the Cu catalyst significantly influence the stereoselectivity.
Alignment of Heptagonal Diimide and Triazine Enables Narrowband Pure‐Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with Low Efficiency Roll‐Off
Authors: Han Weiguo , Liu Junjie , Ran Chunhao , Huang Zhenmei , Gao Ge , You Jingsong , Bin Zhengyang
Published: October 2023

The endeavor to develop high‐performance narrowband blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with low efficiency roll‐off represents an attractive challenge. Herein, we introduce a hetero‐acceptor design strategy centered around the heptagonal diimide (BPI) building block to create an efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) sensitizer. The alignment of a twisted BPI unit and a planar diphenyltriazine (TRZ) fragment imparts remarkable exciton dynamic properties to 26tCz‐TRZBPI, including a fast radiative decay rate (kR) of 1.0×107 s−1 and a swift reverse intersystem crossing rate (kRISC) of 1.8×106 s−1, complemented by a slow non‐radiative decay rate (kNR) of 6.0×103 s−1. Consequently, 26tCz‐TRZBPI facilitates the fabrication of high‐performance narrowband pure‐blue TADF‐sensitized fluorescence OLEDs (TSF‐OLEDs) with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 24.3 % and low efficiency roll‐off even at a high brightness level of 10000 cd m−2 (EQE10000: 16.8 %). This showcases a record‐breaking external quantum efficiency at a high luminance level of 10000 cd m−2 for narrowband blue TSF‐OLEDs.
Catalytic Enantioselective Biltz Synthesis
Authors: Tian Di , Li Zhuo‐Chen , Sun Ze‐Hua , He Yu‐Ping , Xu Li‐Ping , Wu Hua
Published: October 2023

The Biltz synthesis establishes straightforward access to 5,5‐disubstituted (thio)hydantoins by combining a 1,2‐diketone and a (thio)urea. Its appealing features include inherent atom and step economy together with the potential to generate structurally diverse products. However, control of the stereochemistry of this reaction has proven to be a daunting challenge. Herein, we describe the first example of enantioselective catalytic Biltz synthesis which affords more than 40 thiohydantoins with high stereo‐ and regio‐control, irrespective of the symmetry of thiourea structure. A one pot synthesis of corresponding hydantoins is also documented. Remarkably, experimental studies and DFT calculations establish the reaction pathway and origin of stereoselectivity.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of simplified tetrahydroisoquinoline analogs
Authors: Yang Yang , Gao Yi , Chen Siyu , Guo Ju , Hu Yanggen
Published: October 2023

A series of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were prepared and their antitumor activity was studied against several human carcinoma cell lines, including Ketr3, BEL‐7402, BGC‐823, KB, HCT‐8, MCF‐7, HeLa, A2780, A549, and HT‐1080. Compound 20, an analog of phthalascidin 650, exhibited good broad‐spectrum antitumor activity in vitro. However, compounds 19 and 21, in which the side chains at C‐22 are simplified, showed no obvious antitumor activity, indicating that the C‐22 side chain of this type of compound has a greater impact on its activity. The difference in the in vivo activity between compound 20 and phthalascidin 650 also shows a significant effect of the substituents on the skeleton structure on the in vivo activity.
Co(II) Acetate‐Assisted Direct Synthesis of Acyl Hydrazones from Acyl Hydrazides under Mild Conditions
Authors: Pal Adwitiya , Das Krishna Mohan , Sau Subham , Thakur Arunabha
Published: October 2023

Acyl hydrazones are a class of synthetically important organic compounds that are recurrently in high demand for synthesis and use in various fields of chemistry and biology. We report the first Co(II) catalyzed one‐component one‐pot sustainable synthesis of acyl hydrazones only from acyl hydrazides under mild reaction conditions. Traditional and contemporary methodologies use two components (usually acyl hydrazides and aldehydes/ketones/alcohols/styrene) as the coupling partners. Our protocol, on the other hand, involves the in situ generation of aldehyde intermediate (detected by gas chromatography) from the acyl hydrazide, which then undergoes condensation with another molecule of the same acyl hydrazide in the same pot to yield acyl hydrazones in presence of mild base K2CO3 and low‐cost Co(OAc)2 ⋅ 4H2O as catalyst. This method shows good functional group tolerance with good to excellent yield of products. Furthermore, some of the resulting acyl hydrazones have been used as synthetic precursors and explored in various post‐synthetic modifications to afford N‐heterocyclic compounds. Furthermore, photoswitchable properties of few synthesized acyl hydrazones are also explored using their E/Z isomerization around the C=N bond, as realized by high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV‐vis spectroscopic studies.
Die Struktur des Kaliumnickelfluorids, K2NiF
Authors: Balz D. , Plieth K.
Published: October 2023

Die als Erstausscheidung beim Abkühlen von KF‐NiF2‐Schmelzen erhaltenen K2NiF4‐Einkristalle wurden röntgenographisch untersucht. Mittels der aus Drehkristall‐ und Weissenbergaufnahmen gewonnenen Intensitäten wurden die Atomlagen über Patterson‐ und Fouriersynthesen bestimmt. Die so erhaltene K2NiF4‐Struktur wird diskutiert. Da Analogien zu bekannten Strukturen von Verbindungen gleichen oder ähnlichen Formeltyps nicht gefunden werden konnten, wird angenommen, daß das K2NiF4 zusammen mit den isotypen Verbindungen K2MgF4, K2ZnF4 und Rb2ZnF4 einen noch nicht beschriebenen Gittertyp verkörpert. Orientierende Untersuchungen ergaben, daß die Verbindungen Sr2MoO4, Sr2TiO4, Sr2MnO4 und Sr2FeO4 höchstwahrscheinlich ebenfalls im K2NiF4‐Gitter kristallisieren. Für die drei erstgenannten Sr‐Verbindungen werden vorläufige Werte der Gitterkonstanten angegeben. Abschließend wird auf allgemeine Beziehungen zwischen dem K2NiF4‐ und dem Perowskit‐Typ hingewiesen.
Biceps femoris accessory tendon tenodesis: A case report
Authors: Fong Scott , Wu Didi , Reed Lena , Cheng Samantha , Cantave Kyle , Chen Hanyu , McGahan Patrick , Chen James L.
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

We present a case of lateral knee pain from snapping of an accessory tendinous insertion of the biceps femoris. After failure of conservative treatment options, tenodesis of the accessory band to the direct arm insertion at the posterolateral edge of the fibular head effectively resolved symptoms.

There are several distinct causes of lateral knee pain including IT band syndrome, meniscus tears, or other soft tissue pathologies; however, a few case reports have shown the biceps femoris as a cause of lateral knee pain and snapping. Conservative treatment is of modest benefit to the patient in these scenarios, and an MRI is not always able to identify the accessory band, as in our case. Intraoperatively, we discovered an accessory band of the biceps femoris attaching to the anterolateral tibia, causing pain and snapping during knee flexion as the band passed over the fibular head. There have been various surgical attempts to address this pathology; however, we report a successful outcome after tenodesis of the accessory band to the direct insertion at the posterolateral fibular head.
Living Self‐Assembly of Metastable and Stable Two‐Dimensional Platelets from a Single Small Molecule
Authors: Liao Chenglong , Gong Yanjun , Che Yanxue , Cui Linfeng , Liu Yangxin , Ji Hongwei , Zhang Yifan , Zang Ling , Zhao Jincai , Che Yanke
Published: October 2023

This study reports the design of a donor‐acceptor (D‐A) molecule with two fluorene units on each side of a benzothiadiazole moiety, which allows multiple intermolecular interactions to compete with one another so as to induce the evolution of the metastable 2D platelets to the stable 2D platelets during the self‐assembly of the D‐A molecule. Importantly, the living seeded self‐assembly of metastable and stable 2D structures with precisely controlled sizes can be conveniently achieved using an appropriate supersaturated level of a solution of the D‐A molecule as the seeded growth medium that can temporarily hold the almost‐proceeding spontaneous nucleation from competing with the seeded growth. The stable 2D platelets with smaller area sizes exhibit higher sensitivity to gaseous dimethyl sulfide, illustrating that the novel living self‐assembly method provides more available functional structures with controlled sizes for practical applications. The key finding of this study is that the new living methodology is separated into two independent processes: the elaborate molecular design for various crystalline structures as seeds and the application of a supersaturated solution with appropriate levels as the growth medium to grow the uniform structures with controlled sizes; this would make convenient and possible the living seeded self‐assembly of rich 1D, 2D, and 3D architectures.
Hydrogenation of Terminal Alkenes Catalyzed by Air‐Stable Mn(I) Complexes Bearing an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Based PCP Pincer Ligand
Authors: Zobernig Daniel P. , Luxner Michael , Stöger Berthold , Veiros Luis F. , Kirchner Karl
Published: October 2023

Efficient hydrogenations of terminal alkenes with molecular hydrogen catalyzed by well‐defined bench stable Mn(I) complexes containing an N‐heterocyclic carbene‐based PCP pincer ligand are described. These reactions are environmentally benign and atom economic, implementing an inexpensive, earth abundant non‐precious metal catalyst. A range of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes were efficiently converted into alkanes in good to excellent yields. The hydrogenation proceeds at 100 °C with catalyst loadings of 0.25–0.5 mol %, 2.5–5 mol % base (KOtBu) and a hydrogen pressure of 20 bar. Mechanistic insight into the catalytic reaction is provided by means of DFT calculations.
Dual‐Confined Bead‐Like CoSe2@NC@NCNFs Bifunctional Catalyst Boosting Rechargeable Zinc‐Air Batteries†
Authors: Ding Kuixing , Hu Jiugang , Zhao Liming , Yu Huanan , Cai Shan , Yang Yi , Tan Jun , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo
Published: October 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Rationally developing efficient and durable bifunctional catalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is critical for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a bead‐like CoSe2@NC@NCNFs bifunctional catalyst was designed and fabricated by confining cubic CoSe2 nanoparticles to three‐dimensional (3D) porous MOFs‐derived nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) and one‐dimensional (1D) N‐doped carbon nanofibers (NCNFs) through a facile encapsulate strategy. The 1D/3D continuous network structure contributes to the improvement of specific surface area and electronic conductivity, while the strong synergistic effect between CoSe2 sites and Co‐Nx‐C sites can effectively enhance electron/mass transfer and reduce the diffusion resistance. The as‐constructed CoSe2@NC@NCNFs catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity and stability toward ORR/OER with a high half‐wave potential of 0.80 V (vs. RHE) in ORR and a low overpotential of 280 mV at 10 mA·cm−2 in OER. More encouragingly, the rechargeable ZABs with CoSe2@NC@NCNFs cathode deliver high peak power densities (126.8 mW·cm−2), large specific capacities (763.1 mA·h·g−1), and robust charge‐discharge cycling stability over 240 cycles. This study provides a facile strategy for designing efficient bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable energy conversion applications.
Electron energy levels determining cathode electrolyte interphase formation
Authors: Zhang Zhengfeng , Qin Changdong , Cheng Xiaopeng , Li Jinhui , Zhang Yuefei , Zhao Wengao , Wang Le , Du Yingge , Sui Manling , Yan Pengfei
Published: October 2023

Cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) has a significant impact on the performance of rechargeable batteries and is gaining increasing attention. Understanding the fundamental and detailed CEI formation mechanism is of critical importance for battery chemistry. Herein, a diverse of characterization tools are utilized to comprehensively analyze the composition of the CEI layer as well as its formation mechanism by LiCoO2 (LCO) cathode. We reveal that CEI is mainly composed of the reduction products of electrolyte and it only parasitizes the degraded LCO surface which has transformed into a disordered spinel structure due to oxygen loss and lithium depletion. Based on the energy diagram and the chemical potential analysis, the CEI formation process has been well explained, and the proposed CEI formation mechanism is further experimentally validated. This work highlights that the CEI formation process is nearly identical to that of the anode‐electrolyte‐interphase, both of which are generated due to the electrolyte directly in contact with the low chemical potential electrode material. This work can deepen and refresh our understanding of CEI.
Engineering a sustainable protein revolution: Recent advances in cultured meat production
Authors: Roy Niladri Krishna , Panda Sandeep , Dey Gargi
Published: October 2023

Emerging as a food of the future, cultured meat is created by growing animal cells outside the organism instead of relying on traditional animal rearing and slaughtering practices. This innovative approach shows great promise in addressing challenges associated with resource utilization, environmental pollution, and public health concerns often encountered in conventional livestock production. In the past decade, popularity of cultured meat has grown enough to be considered as a novel food in regions like Europe, the United Kingdom, and China. This paper discusses the recent advancements in technologies for sustainable cultured meat production. It examines the latest developments in cell sources, cell culture media optimization, bioreactor design, 3D printing, and tissue engineering approaches, which have greatly enhanced the efficiency and scalability of cultured meat production. This food can have a tremendous application as a novel functional food. This review explores the future possibility of applying cultured meat matrix for delivery of hydrophobic nutraceuticals, prebiotics, and probiotics (Bacillus sp).
Secure and controllable data management mechanism for multi‐sensor fusion in internet of things
Authors: Liu Xiaozhen , Zuo Lina , Wang Lijia
Published: October 2023

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the number of sensors in IoT and the data collected from them are increasing. If these data are not managed and stored directly, it will occupy a large amount of storage space. Therefore, studying the data management mechanism of multi‐sensor fusion in IoT is of great significance. Multi‐sensor fusion has achieved a series of successes in the field of data management. Based on this, this article proposes a secure and controllable data management mechanism for multi‐sensor fusion in IoT, including a multi‐sensor fusion model, compression of data using linear regression algorithm, and data storage based on sorted string table algorithm. Then this article analyzes the effectiveness of the model proposed for multi‐sensor fusion data management. Through comparative experiments under different data sets, it is verified that the management mechanism has higher data fusion rate, lower data lossy compression rate and higher data lossless compression rate under different data sets. And it has high data storage security, large reconstruction probability, strong management controllability, and can significantly save storage space. It is a superior secure and controllable data management mechanism for multi‐sensor fusion in IoT.
Close to complete conservation of the brachyceran opsin repertoire in the stalk‐eyed fly Teleopsis dalmanni
Authors: Friedrich Markus
Published: October 2023

Due to the unique morphology of their adult visual system, stalk‐eyed flies represent an important model of exaggerated trait evolution through sexual selection. Early physiological measurements indicated wavelength sensitivity peaks in the ultraviolet (360 nm), blue (450), blue‐green (490 nm), and red (>550 nm) ranges in the compound eye retina of the stalk‐eyed fly Teleopsis dalmanni, consistent with the trichromatic color and broad range motion detection vision system of brachyceran Diptera. A previous study of dipteran opsin gene diversification, however, detected only homologs of members of the long wavelength range sensitive opsin subfamilies Rh2 and Rh6 in T. dalmanni. Here, I report findings from analyzing the most recent T. dalmanni genome assembly, which revealed the conservation of most brachyceran opsin homologs except for the UV wavelength range‐sensitive homolog Rh4. These results and other examples highlight the caution that needs to be applied to gene loss conclusions.
The ultrastructural features of the infundibulum of the green iguana, Iguana iguana
Authors: Harrylal Crissy‐Ann , Lensink Antoinette V. , Gupta Sunil K. , Aire Tom A.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe, in detail, the ultrastructure of the infundibulum of the sexually mature and active female green iguana, Iguana iguana. The infundibulum of five iguanas was remarkably distinct from the uterus, and was also clearly demarcated into cranial (expanded v‐shaped) and caudal (tubular) divisions. Tissue samples obtained from five portions (three from the cranial division and two from the caudal division) of the infundibulum were processed conventionally for light and electron microscopy. The epithelial lining of the most anterior, middle, and posterior, parts of the cranial division displayed nonciliated cells predominantly, and occasionally ciliated cells. The numerous secretory granules in nonciliated type 1 cell found in the fimbrial aspect of the infundibulum were homogenous and deeply electron‐dense, but those in the other two regions were variants of this cell type because they contained variably electron‐dense secretory granules. Two main types of nonciliated cells (type 2 and its variant, type 3, as well as type 4) occurred in the epithelial lining of the caudal division of the infundibulum, but they, clearly, showed no dense secretory granules. Whereas the nonciliated type 2 cell and its variant (type 3 cell) contained large glycogen deposits, the type 4 cell lacked these deposits but its apical part contained large lipid‐like droplets and, remarkably, blebbed into the duct lumen. The nonciliated cells lining the mucosal tubular glands contained highly electron‐dense secretory granules, which were similar to those found in the nonciliated type 1 cell in the epithelial lining of the fimbrial part of the cranial division of the infundibulum.
Development of a novel serological assay for the detection of mpox infection in vaccinated populations
Authors: Yates Jennifer L. , Hunt Danielle T. , Kulas Karen E. , Chave Karen J. , Styer Linda , Chakravarthi Sandhya T. , Cai Gianna Y. , Bermúdez‐González Maria C. , Kleiner Giulio , Altman Deena , Srivastava Komal ,   The PVI Study Group, Simon Viviana , Feihel Dennis , McGowan Joseph , Hogrefe Wayne , Noone Philip , Egan Christina , Slifka Mark K. , Lee William T.
Published: October 2023

In 2022 the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency for an outbreak of mpox, the zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (OPV) affecting at least 104 nonendemic locations worldwide. Serologic detection of mpox infection is problematic, however, due to considerable antigenic and serologic cross‐reactivity among OPVs and smallpox‐vaccinated individuals. In this report, we developed a high‐throughput multiplex microsphere immunoassay using a combination of mpox‐specific peptides and cross‐reactive OPV proteins that results in the specific serologic detection of mpox infection with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The New York State Non‐Vaccinia Orthopoxvirus Microsphere Immunoassay is an important tool to detect subclinical mpox infection and understand the extent of mpox spread in the community through retrospective analysis.
CoronaVac and BBIBP‐CorV vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 during predominant circulation of Omicron BA.5.2 and BF.7 in China, a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Zhanwei , Jin Zhou , Zhou Mengyun , Zhang Chunbo , Bao Yingcong , Gao Xinran , Wang Guangfa
Published: October 2023

Pandemic of COVID‐19 hit China at the end of 2022. According to China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Omicron BA.5.2 and BF.7 were the main circulating variants. Chinese people had a high COVID‐19 vaccination rate, and the most widely used vaccines were CoronaVac (Sinovac) and BBIBP‐CorV (Sinopharm). An online questionnaire was distributed to survey the vaccination history and infection information of China mainland residents during this pandemic. A total of 4250 subjects were included for propensity score matching, 566 unvaccinated subjects and 1072 vaccinated subjects were finally included to analyze the effects of the two vaccines on BA.5.2 and BF.7. The SARS‐CoV‐2 infection rate was 84.5% in the vaccinated group and 82.3% in the unvaccinated group (p = 0.255). Vaccinated subjects had significantly higher rates of COVID‐19‐related symptoms, including fever, cough, nasal obstruction, runny nose, and sore throat. However, vaccinated people had lower risk of pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 0.467, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.286–0.762) and hospitalization (OR: 0.290, 95% CI: 0.097–0.870) due to COVID‐19. In general, the current study did not observe the protective effect of CoronaVac and BBIBP CorV against BA.5.2 and BF.7 infection. However, these vaccines can still reduce the risk of adverse outcomes such as pneumonia and hospitalization.