bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetically active terahertz wavefront control and superchiral field in a magneto-optical Pancharatnam-Berry metasurface
Authors: Tan Zhi-Yu , Fan Fei , Li Teng-Fei , Chang Sheng-Jiang
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, the manipulation of the chiral light field is highly desired to characterize chiral substances more effectively, since the chiral responses of most molecules are generally weak. Terahertz (THz) waves are related to the vibration-rotational energy levels of chiral molecules, so it is significant to actively control and enhance the chirality of THz field. Here, we propose a metal/magneto-optical (MO) hybrid Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase structure, which can serve as tunable broadband half-wave plate and control the conversion of THz chiral states with the highest efficiency of over 80%. Based on this active PB element, MO PB metasurfaces are proposed to manipulate THz chiral states as different behaviors: beam deflector and scanning, Bessel beam, and vortex beam. Due to the magnetic-tunablibity, these proposed MO PB metasurfaces can be turned from an “OFF” to “ON” state by changing the external magnetic field. We further investigate the near-field optical chirality and the chirality enhancement factors in far field of the chiral Bessel beam and vortex beam, achieving the superchiral field with the highest chiral enhancement factor of 40 for 0th Bessel beam. These active, high efficiency and broadband chiral PB metasurfaces have promising applications for manipulation the THz chiral light and chiroptical spectroscopic techniques.
Development of a self-calibration method for real-time monitoring of SO2 ship emissions with UV cameras
Authors: Wu Kuijun , Xiong Yuanhui , Feng Yutao , Yu Yi , Li Faquan
Published: December 2020

Self-calibration of UV cameras was demonstrated for the first time. This novel method has the capability of real-time continuous calibration by using the raw images at 310 nm and 330 nm without changing the viewing direction or adding any additional equipment. The methodology was verified through simulations and experiments and demonstrated to be of greatly improved effectiveness and accuracy. The errors of self-calibration mothed are estimated by comparison with the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) approach, and it can be reduced to 1.8% after filter transmittance corrections. The results show that the self-calibration method appears to have great potential as a future technique for quantitative and visual real-time monitoring of SO2 emissions from ships and other point sources (such as oil refineries, power plants, or more broadly, any industrial stack) when the field of view (FOV) of the system is not completely covered by the SO2 plumes.
Gabriel Miró, maestro de la modernidad (Carmen Conde y Gabriel Miró)
Authors: Díez de Revenga Francisco Javier
Published: December 2020

Gabriel Miró fue el gran maestro de la modernidad y ejerció una decisiva influencia en los escritores españoles de la generación siguiente. Así sucedió con los poetas del 27, que le dedicaron algunos de ellos estudios pioneros. En Levante, en las provincias de Alicante y Murcia, un nutrido grupo de escritores de esa misma generación recibió fructífera influencia de su magisterio y de su obra. Y entre estos escritores, Carmen Conde se convirtió en discípula devota, fiel y permanente. Así se revela tanto en los textos que dedicó al escritor alicantino y en el epistolario mantenido en su juventud como en algunos aspectos de su propia obra literaria. Ella misma lo reconoció en sus escritos de madurez.
KASIM TINISTANOV, HAYATININ SON YILLARI VE İDAM EDİLMESİ
Authors: GÖZ Kemal
Published: December 2020

Kasım Tınıstanov ilk Kırgız aydınlardan biridir. O, dilbilim konusunda yaptığı çalışmalarla Kırgız gramerciliğinin temellerini atmıştır. Kırgızcadaki gramer terimlerinin çoğu Kasım Tınıstanov'un icadıdır. Tınıstanov ayrıca ilk Kırgız yazarlardan biridir. Onun kaleme aldığı şiirler ve kısa hikâyeler Kırgız edebiyatının başlangıç eserleri arasında yer alır. Tınıstanov'un tutuklanmasında ve idam edilmesinde, hakkında yazılan eleştiri yazılarının büyük payı vardır. Ayrıca eserlerinde Cedit edebiyatının etkisi altında kaldığı ile ilgili şüpheler de bu yazıda tartışılmaktadır. Sovyetler Birliğinin kurulmasından sonra Orta Asya'daki aydınların herhangi bir karşı duruşta bulunmadan sessizce Komünist rejimin isteklerini kabullendiğini düşünmek yanlıştır. Tınıstanov eserlerinde Kırgız Kazak halklarının eski güzel günlerine duyduğu özlemi şiirlerinde yansıttığı için kıyasıya eleştirilmiş, Manas Destanı konulu çalışmaları nedeni ile kendisine hep şüpheyle bakılmıştır. Tınıstanov Alaş Orda partisi mensubu olmak ve Sosyal Turan Partisi kurucuları arasında yer almakla suçlanmış ve 1937 yılında idam edilmiştir.
The Chronic Anal Fissure Treatment by Internal Partial Lateral Sphincterotomy and Following Anal Manometry
Authors: Šimkovič Dušan , Široký Milan , Šmejkal Karel
Published: December 2020

Anal fissure remains one of the most common proctologic problems. A number of reports have advocated the use of partial internal sphincterotomy as a treatment of chronic anal fissure. Our study shows the results of a retrospective analysis of our patients who underwent lateral internal sphincterotomy for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. To determine long time results we examined random sample of 75 operated patients. Apart from taking careful history and patientÕs assessment of the operation effect, the patients were investigated ãper rectumÒ, and even possibly rectoscopically. To asscertain suitability and also security of properly done internal sphincterotomy, we performed anorectal manometric examinations in 53 patients controlled. To conclude our results, we can state that in 9 (12%) patients controlled some subjective complaints or certain pathologic findings connected with anal fissure or sphincterotomy were found. None of the people from the set of ours suffered from any complaints, which can be taken as stool incontinency. In no patients any change in pressure measured by anorectal manometry indicating incontinency was proved.
Twin-blok ve iskeletsel destekli forsus FRD apareylerinin faringeal havayolu üzerine etkilerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ERDUR Emire Aybüke , LALE Bekir
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışmanın amacı, iskeletsel destekli (İD) Forsus FRD ve Twin-blok (TB) apareylerinin iskeletsel, dentoalveolar ve faringeal hava yoluna olan etkilerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız, Sınıf II maloklüzyonu olan, mandibular simfiz bölgesine bilateral yerleştirilmiş miniplaklardan destek alan İD Forsus apareyi veya TB ile tedavi edilmiş hastaların tedavi başı ve tedavi sonu lateral sefalogramları üzerinde yapılan iskeletsel, dentoalveolar ve faringeal ölçümler kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. İD Forsus grubu, 20 hasta (9 kadın ve 11 erkek; ortalama yaş: 14.12 ± 1.66 yıl) ve TB grubu, 20 hasta (10 kadın ve 10 erkek; ortalama yaş: 13.95 ± 1.32yıl) olmak üzere, büyüme gelişim evresi peak sonrasında olan toplam 40 hasta verisi kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıkların değerlendirilmesi için bağımsız örneklem t-testi, grup içi farkın karşılaştırılması için bağımlı örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sınıf II malokluzyon her iki grupta da, SNA'da azalma ve SNB'de artış ile düzeltildi (p<0.01). Her iki gurupta da Co-A uzunluğu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı azalırken, Co-Gn uzunluğu anlamlı artış gösterdi (p<0.001). IMPA değerleri TB grubunda artarken, İD Forsus grubunda anlamlı olarak azaldı(p<0.001). Nazofaringeal havayolu bölgesinde artış anlamlı değilken (p>0.05), orofaringeal havayolu ölçümlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış gözlendi (p<0.01).
Sonuç: Her iki grupta da malokluzyon başarılı şekilde tedavi edilmiştir. İskeletsel, dentoalveolar ve faringeal ölçümler, tedavi edilen tüm hastalarda önemli ölçüde artmış, iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Faringeal havayolu, fonksiyonel apareyler, iskeletsel destekli Forsus, Twin-blok
Truths and Lies in a TV Series About “Dostoevsky Beyond the Textbook”
Authors: Saraskina Liudmila
Published: December 2020

The paper offers a detailed analysis of Dostoevsky, a historical and biographical feature TV serial (in eight episodes), produced in 2011, when the writer’s 190th anniversary was celebrated. The film was directed by V. I. Khotinenko, the script was written by E. Ya. Volodarsky. The authors of the series claimed that their objective was to create an image of “Dostoevsky beyond the textbook”, wholly (or largely) unknown to today’s audience. But the authors did not explain what they meant by “Dostoevsky beyond the textbook”, nor, for that matter, by the “textbook” version. Professional expertise had found numerous gross distortions of both Dostoevsky’s biography and Russian history in the script. Nevertheless, after certain corrections by the film director, the flawed script was accepted as the basis for the series, which, in the end, proved to be as flawed. The objective of the film, as defined by the director, was to show the “human dimension” Dostoevsky, was realized in a very peculiar manner: for the sake of pseudo-dramatization, the writers’ real experiences in the fatal moments of his life were replaced with fictitious experiences; many events, well known and well documented, were deliberately misrepresented. For the film director, Dostoevsky was chiefly interesting as a person burdened with many vices, whose biography had been full of extraordinary striking episodes. The film director, by his arbitrary will, ascribed to Dostoevsky the desires, passions and actions of some of his fictional characters; this dubious, though frequently employed, technique has been readily utilized in the series. Numerous erotic episodes were supposed to demonstrate to today’s audience that nothing human was alien to Dostoevsky. His literary activity, his public readings (which he liked so much) were presented as bait used to lure the victims of his male lust. The series showed, as it were, that the writer had rehearsed, in his private space, the would-be crimes of his characters. The real, wellknown, Dostoevsky has remained outside the series. Viewers will not find his work on the novel The Possessed, the creative history of The Brothers Karamazov, the inauguration of the monument to Pushkin in Moscow, Dostoevsky’s Pushkin speech, his dramatic relations with Pobedonostsev, his friendship with S. A. Tolstaya (the widow of Alexei K. Tolstoy), the severe illness of his last days, his death, or his funeral, unprecedented in Russia.
Dostoevsky’s Pushkin Speech in the Testimonies of Contemporaries
Authors: Viktorovich Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The article provides a critical analysis of the sources that report the details of Dostoevsky's Pushkin speech on June 8, 1880. They include letters, diaries and memoirs of listeners, telegrams and reports in newspapers and journals of the time. A cross-examination of existing and newly discovered sources revealed a number of conjectures, which usually emerge due to ideological considerations. The focus is on the memoirs of E. P. Letkova-Sultanova and D. N. Lyubimov, which depicted the event from ideologically opposed points of view. Thus, Letkova strongly denies the moment of unanimity of Dostoevsky's audience, recorded by other memoirists, and insists on the initial rejection of his speech by radical youth. Her memoirs usually arouse the confidence of researchers, since the author confirms his judgments with excerpts from his personal diary regarding the two-day the Pushkin celebration (June 7 and 8) that assert the priority of Turgenev. Letkova's memoirs were published in 1932. However, another, earlier and previously unpublished text has been preserved in The Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts in the N. S. Ashukin collection. It comprises five handwritten pages of the article “June days of 1880 in Moscow (From the diary of Ekaterina Letkova)”. Comparison of the early (1924) and late (1932) editions of Letkova's “diary” leads to the unequivocal conclusion that this “diary” was a later mystification, which was supposed to confirm the righteousness of progressive forces in their opposition to Dostoevsky (this motive was significantly emphasized in the 1932 edition). The memoirs of D. N. Lyubimov are structured in the same manner, only differing in that they covered the event from a conservative point of view. Lyubimov's memoirs are relevant for researchers, since he described Dostoevsky's audience in a more detailed way than other memoirists. This description should have led to the idea of consolidating the best members of Russian society. However, a critical analysis of this source showed that more than half of those who listened to Dostoevsky according to Lyubimov could not have attended the meeting. The memoirist also distorts the Turgenev's perception of Dostoevsky's speech (he allegedly “sobbed” when the speaker compared Lisa Kalitina to Tatyana Larina). Criticism of sources allows us to clarify a number of aspects in the perception of Dostoevsky's Pushkin speech as a key event in Russian culture, to approach its understanding on the basis of verified evidence from contemporaries.
Darovoe Estate and Its Owner (According to New Archival Documents)
Authors: Dementyeva Tatyana , Voronkina Lyubov
Published: December 2020

The Dostoevsky family acquired the Darovoe estate in the Kashirsky uyezd of the Tula province on August 7, 1831. Here the future writer and his brothers and sisters spent the happy summer months in 1832–1836. The estate included the manor house (“seltso”) of Darovoye, the village of Darovaya, and land in the Nechaeva, Tripolye, Harina, Shelepova, and Chertkova wastelands. From the late 18th century to 1829, the listed territories belonged to the Kashirsky uezd landowner Vasily Khotyaintsev, then to his sons Peter, Nikolai and Vasily, and subsequently to their grandsons Pavel and Ivan Khotyaintsev. The latter owner sold the estate to O. A. Glagolevskaya in 1829, and she, in turn, sold it to the mother of the writer F. M. Dostoevsky. In February 1833, her husband, M. A. Dostoevsky, expanded the estate by purchasing the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya with the namesake wastelands. In 1840, after the death of their parents, the Dostoevsky brothers and sisters: Mikhail, Fyodor, Varvara, Andrey, Vera, Nikolai and Alexandra became the owners of the Darovoe estate. In 1852, the estate was bought from them by the writer’s younger sister, Vera Mikhailovna Ivanova (nee Dostoevskaya). After her, Darovoe and Cheremoshnya were owned by her children. The authors analyzed the documents from the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, The State Archive of the Tula region, The Central State Archive of the City of Moscow, and the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library. The archival materials revealed the circumstances of the change of ownership of the hamlet and the village of Darovoe and the incident changes from the late 18th century to 1852. It also revealed the details of the purchase of the village of Darovoe by M. F. Dostoevskaya and the exact date of acquisition of the village of Cheremoshnya by M. A. Dostoevsky (February 16, 1833). The study revealed the circumstances of the transfer of the estate to V. M. Ivanova and date of transaction (October 20, 1852), and named the participants of the division. F. M. Dostoevsky, who previously refused his share of the inheritance, did not participate in it. This article is the first to publish the mortgages on Darovoe and Cheremoshnya in 1833, the plan of the hamlet of Darovoe with the manor house dated 1847 (the closest in time to the memorial period), as well as the 1852 act of division, which specifies the conditions for the acquisition by V. M. Ivanova of the parental estate, its size and composition.
MANAGEMENT OF PROCESSES OF CREATING PUBLIC SPACES: ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT THROUGH OVERCOMING SOCIAL EXCLUSION
Authors:   Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrogradskyi National University, Kremenchuk, Ukraine, Khovrak I.V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to systematize the experience of European cities in creating public spaces capable of overcoming social exclusion and ensuring sustainable urban development. The scientific novelty is to substantiate the conceptual approach to the management of the process of creating public spaces in cities in the context of achieving sustainable urban development by overcoming social exclusion. The results of the research show that the creation of public spaces requires attention to the factors influencing the possibilities of overcoming social exclusion (economic, social, institutional). The analysis of the experience of five European cities (Varna, Bulgaria; Viterbo, Italy; Getxo, Spain; Copenhagen, Denmark; Malmo, Sweden) allowed highlighting the features and current trends in the creation of public space in cities. The main provisions of the approach to the management of public spaces in cities by identifying and systematizing: 1) the functions of public spaces: communication, recreational, political, territorial identification, integrating and aesthetic; 2) features of public spaces: openness and accessibility (convenience and ability to use the space for all regardless of age, race, health, affluence, etc.), safety and comfort (physical and psychological comfort, a sense of security in a comfortable and attractive space to use), interaction (the ability to establish contacts and cooperation in heterogeneous groups of users of the space); 3) forms (transformation of existing built-up areas, development of new territories) and tools (organizational and managerial, technical and technological, financial and economic) for creating public spaces. As a result, the study provided an opportunity to develop a mechanism for creating public spaces in the city. Successful implementation of the experience of European cities in Ukraine requires studying the needs of residents and guests of the city, researching existing analogues, identifying the potential of the city to create a public space of a certain type, taking into account risks, understanding the purpose of public space and determining the reasonable cost of projects.
Consumer Factors Buying Organic Products in North Sumatera
Authors: Effendi Ihsan , Shunhaji Akhmad
Published: December 2020

The market condition for organic products in Sumatera Utara is still very small. This can be seen from the very few companies engaged in organic products. The market is very small due to low consumer awareness and consumer knowledge of organic products. This research was conducted to analyze the characteristics and behavior of consumers about organic products in Sumatera utara. The locations of research activities are Medan, Binjai, Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagei and Langkat. In addition, the lack of involvement of local governments and related institutions in encouraging the development of organic products is indicated by the low level of commitment in developing organic products in Sumatera utara. The results of this study indicate that organic knowledge, environmental science, health science, pricing and subjective norms are the factors that determine whether consumers buy organic products
THERMAL INVERSIONS IDENTIFICATION THROUGH THE ANALYSIS OF THE VEGETATION INVERSIONS OCCURRED IN THE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS FROM THE EASTERN CARPATHIANS
Authors: Ciutea Alexandru , Jitariu Vasile
Published: December 2020

The earth’s climate has a direct impact on the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover. Forests are one of the most prevalent ecosystems on earth. The forest’s structure, if unaltered, can be an indicator of some climate patterns. This paper proposes an algorithm for identifying vegetation inversions within mountain forest ecosystems in the eastern Carpathians of Romania, using freely available GIS and remote sensing data. Air temperature has a direct impact on the spatial distribution of tree species. Therefore, temperature-inversion spatial patterns can be estimated.
STREAMFLOW AND SUSPENDED SEDIMENT LOAD TRENDS IN TROTUȘ DRAINAGE BASIN: GEOMORPHIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: DUMITRIU Dan
Published: December 2020

The research focusing on the trends of the streamflow and suspended sediment, as well as on the controls involved in these changes, are currently topics of significant interest in fluvial geomorphology. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze the trends of the streamflow discharge and the sediment load based on a geomorphological approach of the relations between the two variables. These trends were assessed based on three testing methods frequently employed in hydro-geomorphological studies (Mann–Kendall trend test, Șen's slope estimator and the innovative trend method) applied on data from 10 gauging stations located on major tributaries of Trotuș River. Results reveal an overall downward trend of the mean annual streamflow and an increasing trend of the mean annual suspended sediment load. Whereas the decreasing streamflow trend was linked to the diminishing precipitation amounts, the upward trend of suspended sediment load was related to the changes occurring within river channels as a result of flood events.
COMPLEX MODEL BASED ON UAV TECHNOLOGY FOR INVESTIGATING PASTORAL SPACE
Authors: Simon M. , Popescu C.A. , Copăcean Loredana , Cojocariu Luminiţa
Published: December 2020

Data from the specialized literature show that in the last decade there has been a rapid development in the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) for obtaining spatial information from the pastoral environment. The idea of investigating grassland surfaces with the help of drones was based on the following practical considerations: the size and complexity of pastoral space and the need for data acquisition in hard-to-reach areas and in a short time. In this context, the purpose of the research is to integrate UAV technology and GIS applications into pratological research, the results obtained having both practical and methodological character. For the efficient research of the pastoral space with UAV equipment, a working model was developed, complex from a technical point of view, consisting of several stages: identifying the areas of interest, planning and setting the flight parameters, "photographing" the area, downloading and image processing, and then processing the results in the GIS environment. From each stage, geospatial products can be extracted, and the final products can be used in various ways, both in the pastoral space and in other segments of the geographical environment. Following the application of the working algorithm results the orthophotoplan and the point clouds, from which can be extracted topo-cadastral information (related to the "physical" surface of grasslands), pratological information (related to vegetation and mode of use) or useful information in territorial planning (risk phenomena, relief aspects), with high precision and spatial location. Compared with the classical research methods, the use of the working model based on geomatic technologies, has the effect of reducing the working time and the number of operators, the possibility of tracking time and space of the investigated territory, but also the formation of graphic and descriptive databases that they can be used in other subsequent projects.
Filling gaps in the distribution of the four free-tailed bat species of the genus Nyctinomops Miller, 1902 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Molossidae), with three new records for Guatemala
Authors: Trujillo Luis A. , Barahona Fong Raiza , Pérez Sergio G.
Published: December 2020

We found the four species of Nyctinomops Miller, 1902 living in sympatry in central Guatemala. All specimens were found dead under turbines of a wind farm. Nyctinomops femorosaccus (Merriam, 1889), was previously known from northern Mexico and southwestern United States, and this record extends its distribution at least 1150 km southward, representing the first record for Guatemala and Central America. Although N. aurispinosus (Peale, 1848) and N. macrotis (Gray, 1839) were already known from Central America (Honduras), and these are the first records for Guatemala.
Bioactive Compound Activity Inducement of Thermophile Cyanobacterium aponinum Under Stress Conditions
Authors: KOÇBERBER KILIÇ Nur , DÖNMEZ Gönül
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de kaplıcalardan izole edilen 7 termofil siyanobakterinin biyoaktif özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bunlardan en yüksek antimikrobiyel aktiviteye sahip olan Suş H2, Cyanobacterium aponium olarak tanılanmıştır. Siyanobakteriyel biyokütlenin biyoaktif karakteri, farklı azot konsantrasyonları (0.5 g/L, 1.0 g/L, 1.5 g/L ve 2.0 g/L), ışık yoğunlukları (1200lx, 2400 lx, 3600 lx ve 4800 lx), inkübasyon süreleri (7 gün, 14 gün, 21 gün ve 28 gün) ve sıcaklıklar (30 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C ve 50 °C) açısından araştırılmıştır. Siyanobakteriler tarafından üretilen biyoaktif maddelerin etkinliğinin stres koşulları tarafından tetiklendiği gözlenmiştir. C. aponinum yüksek ışık yoğunluğuna veya sıcaklığa maruz kaldığında, siyanobakteriler test edilen diğer çevresel koşullardan daha verimli biyoaktif bileşikler üretmiştir. En yüksek antimikrobiyel aktivite, siyanobakteri 1.0 g/L azot içeren bir ortamda, 3600 lx ışık şiddeti altında, 45 °C'de 14 gün boyunca inkübasyondan sonra elde edilen biyokütleden alınan ekstraktlar ile E. coli 0157: H7 ATCC 35150'ye karşı bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada ilk kez böyle bir yaklaşımla, termofilik C. aponinum tarafından biyoaktif bileşiklerin üretilmesi ve en etkin biyoaktif bileşikleri elde etmek için çevresel koşulların optimizasyonu araştırılmıştır.
Mujer, edad e invisibilidad en los anuncios televisivos en Puerto Rico
Authors:   Universidad de Puerto Rico, RAMÍREZ MUÑOZ Miriam
Published: December 2020

Nuestra investigación se focalizó en conocer qué imagen de las personasmayores de 55 años se construyó y se transmitió en los anuncios publicitarios de la televisiónpuertorriqueña. El estudio incluye la totalidad de los anuncios emitidos durante dos semanas.Requirió investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa para estudiar la grabación de 280horas de transmisión televisiva en el periodo prime time o de mayor visionado en la Isla. A partir de un análisis de contenido, fueron identificados 6.394 pases de spots comerciales correspondientes a 524 producciones publicitarias distintas (66 de ellos incluyen talentos mayores de 55 años de edad). Se evidencia la subrepresentación de la mujer mayor.
Ciência e Covid-19 no Brasil: a repercussão das decisões da OMS no Twitter
Authors: ORTIZ Júnia , PEREIRA BROTAS Antonio ,   Instituto Gonçalo Moniz (IGM - Fiocruz Bahia), MASSARANI Luisa
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a percepção sobre a ciência, seu papel e funcionamento, no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo da repercussão no Twitter das decisões da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) sobre os testes com a cloroquina e/ou hidroxicloroquina para o tratamento da Covid-19 em três momentos: (i) suspensão temporária; (ii) retomada; e (iii) interrupção. Foram analisados 501.123 tweets. Os resultados indicam uma incompreensão quanto ao funcionamento da pesquisa científica e a presença de discursos politicamente interessados contrários à ciência.
Comunicación para el cambio de comportamientos y estrategias sanitaria del gobierno peruano frente al COVID-19
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, MACASSI Sandro
Published: December 2020

Se revisan las explicaciones sobre incremento de contagios y muertes en el caso peruano pese a las medidas tempranas y duras para restringir la propagación del virus. Se profundiza en el análisis de las barreras para el cambio de comportamiento necesarios para detener la transmisión del COVID-19 y el rol de las campañas de comunicación para promover la incorporación de comportamientos preventivos. El estudio analiza las tres campañas comunicativas desarrolladas por el gobierno para enfrentar la pandemia, concluyendo que no estuvieron articuladas a la estrategia sanitaria, fueron centralistas y difusionistas. Se asumió un enfoque conductista de la prevención, basado en medidas sancionadoras, en la estructuración de la conducta a través de los comercios e instituciones con mensajes de miedo.
eHealth y pandemia Covid-19: nuevos tiempos para las relaciones entre médicos y pacientes
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Petracci Mónica , Cuberli Milca ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires
Published: December 2020

El objetivo general de este artículo es presentar los hallazgos sobre eHealth y relación médico paciente (RMP) de cuatro investigaciones sociales (dos revisiones bibliográficas y dos estudios cualitativos sobre opiniones y representaciones sociales de eHealth de profesionales de la salud que se desempeñan en el Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Los hallazgos muestran la centralidad de eHealth en la producción académica sobre relación médico paciente a partir de 2000, las variadas prácticas que incluye el concepto, y la presencia que algunas de esas prácticas tienen en la relación médico paciente tradicional cara a cara. En las conclusiones se reflexiona sobre esos hallazgos en el marco de la pandemia COVID-19.
Experiencias significativas: actividades docentes innovadoras
Authors: Ruiz Cediel María Mercedes , Alpala Luis Omar ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Domínguez Sandoval Stella Isabel ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Mera Paz Julián Andrés ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Mogollón Ayala Nuby Dominga ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Obando Paredes Edgar Darío ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Taboada Álvarez Jorge Enrique ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Published: December 2020

Este es el primer volumen de la Colección Experiencias significativas y en él confluyen cinco experiencias en las que los profesores de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia dejaron su impronta porque asumieron el reto de innovar. Para comenzar, se exponen los alcances de la realidad virtual en el aula de clase; luego, la visualización de las oportunidades de exportación; se continúa con un acercamiento a la población infantil víctima del conflicto armado en Colombia para respaldar sus procesos de resiliencia; seguido del trabajo con la comunidad para resolver problemáticas propias de su contexto en temas relacionados con la ingeniería civil; y se finaliza con el involucramiento de las redes sociales en la enseñanza del derecho. Experiencias muy disímiles en su contenido, pero muy cercanas en su propósito de innovar, fortalecer y compartir las buenas prácticas en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Analyzing the impact of external debt on industrialization : the African franc zone case
Authors: FOGANG Daniel Deric MBOUNANG , TCHITCHOUA Jean
Published: December 2020

This paper uses data from 10 countries of the African franc zone from 1996 to 2017, to gauge the effect of external debt on industrialization in the presence
of non-linearity. Our analyzes are done based on two aspects. Firstly, using a Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR), our results show that there is a non-linear
relationship between external debt and industrialization in the African franc zone, which depends on the level of the external debt stock, the threshold is $58.91 \%$
of GDP. While before this threshold, external debt has no direct effect on industrialization, after this threshold it is harmful to it. Secondly, an analysis in two periods
(1996-2006 and 2007-2017) by the GLS and SUR methods shows that before 2006, the external debt was an asset for industrialization but after, it gave way to domestic credit.
Thus, the external debt has become obsolete after reaching the completion point of the HIPC initiative, and would be a danger for the industrialization of the franc zone
in the event of excess.
The criminalisation of gang activity in South Africa: reassessing the rationale
Authors: Van der Linde Delano
Published: December 2020

Criminal gang activity presents a substantial threat to the safety and security of, in particular, the inhabitants of the Cape Flats in Cape Town. The State has intervened legislatively through the form of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998. This is somewhat of a ‘super-criminalisation’ given that similar common law and statutory measures already existed prior to the promulgation of the Act. What is the rationale for the criminalisation of gang activity in South Africa? Furthermore, if there is sufficient rationale for this super-criminalisation, is there sufficient basis to argue for the additional responsibility of gang leaders, which is currently left uncovered by the Act?
Экономический анализ качества жизни населения на уровне региона
Authors: Федченко Анна Александровна , Пожидаева Татьяна Алексеевна , Масленникова Наталья Олеговна
Published: December 2020

Цель: выявить особенность проведения и использования результатов экономического анализа качества жизни населения как инструмента обоснования управленческих решений на региональном уровне. Обсуждение: выделены современные особенности социально-экономического развития, аргументирующие необходимость исследования качества жизни населения в условиях цифровизации и углубления международного сотрудничества путем проведения экономического анализа. Показано обострение проблем материального благосостояния населения в условиях пандемии. Результаты: сгруппированы основные ключевые показатели качества жизни населения, что позволило сопоставить совокупности показателей, рекомендуемых на уровне региона и предложенных Организацией экономического сотрудничества и развития. Акцентировано внимание на современных технологических процессах, активно развивающихся в условиях цифровой трансформации экономики и общества. Рекомендовано проведение мониторинга показателей, характеризующих инновационную активность организаций, а также отражающих долю инновационных товаров, работ, услуг в общем их объеме. Использование показателей, выявленных в результате экономического анализа качества жизни населения, ориентировано на повышение степени обоснованности управленческих решений на региональном уровне.
Гуманитарное сотрудничество и корпоративная социальная ответственность как факторы расширения экономического присутствия России на Африканском континенте в условиях международной конкуренции
Authors: Алешин Кирилл Андреевич
Published: December 2020

Цель: оценить возможность расширения российско-африканского экономического сотрудничества путем интенсификации гуманитарной деятельности Российской Федерации (государственных и деловых структур) в Африке. Обсуждение: автором охарактеризовано состояние гуманитарной деятельности России, рассмотрены проекты корпоративной социальной ответственности отечественного бизнеса на африканском направлении. В контексте проводимой работы по изменению структуры и актуализации деятельности Россотрудничества проанализирован соответствующий зарубежный опыт. Результаты: автор приходит к выводу, что африканским странам для решения острых социально-экономических проблем, борьбы с различными заболеваниями, последствиями изменения климата требуется содействие со стороны России. Необходимо продолжить проводимую работу по повышению эффективности гуманитарной деятельности и синхронизации усилий российских органов власти и бизнеса, что окажет положительное влияние как на укрепление национального хозяйства государств Африки, так и на расширение присутствия отечественных деловых структур на континенте. Автор также заключает, что Россотрудничество в перспективе может стать одним из ключевых институтов системы поддержки экспортеров и инвесторов.
Дезинтеграционные процессы в СЭВ: экономико-исторический анализ и уроки
Authors: Фадеева Инна Авенировна
Published: December 2020

Цель: характерной тенденцией нынешнего этапа развития становится ускорение дезинтеграционных процессов. Данная тенденция сопровождается реинтеграционными проявлениями и процессами – что отражает цикличность интеграции. Дезинтеграционные проявления – скрытые и явные, замедленные и ускоренные, масштабные и локальные – наблюдаются по всему миру и так или иначе характерны для всех интеграционных объединений. Европейский регион по праву стал одним из эталонных с точки зрения возможностей исследования, периодизации и построения моделей интеграционных и дезинтеграционных процессов. Обсуждение: одним из самых масштабных дезинтеграционных событий здесь стал распад крупнейшей социалистической интеграции – Совета экономической взаимопомощи (СЭВ). И хотя СЭВ объединял государства других континентов, его экономическое развитие определялось экономикой государств-членов Восточной Европы. В последние годы наблюдается рост интереса научного сообщества к проблеме дезинтеграционных процессов в СЭВ. Связано это с возможностью извлечения уроков и формирования экономической политики построения интеграционных отношений на основе учета эффективных и неудачных решений субъектов, участвовавших в создании и развитии СЭВ. В статье исследуются экономические причины дезинтерационных процессов в СЭВ. Результаты: автор приходит к выводу, что опыт СЭВ, комбинированный с рыночными механизмами регули- рования интеграционных отношений, может стать значимым условием повышения эффективности развития интеграционных процессов ЕАЭС и других субъектов международных экономических отношений.
Вопросы внедрения технологий интегрированного планирования и управления цепями поставок в России
Authors: Пузанова Ирина Алексеевна
Published: December 2020

Цель: статья посвящена анализу внедрения технологий интегрированного планирования и управления цепей поставок в российскую практику. Рассмотрена статистика использования программного обеспечения для совместного планирования логистической деятельности. Определены основные преимущества и основные барьеры внедрения данных информационных технологий в России. Обсуждение: глобализация, жесткая конкуренция, необходимость обеспечения качества логистического обслуживания являются драйверами окружающей среды, ломающими сопротивление (неспособность или нежелание делиться информацией, отсутствие доверия, несогласованность стратегической и операционной политики) компаний к развитию межорганизационных отношений. Сотрудничество компаний в рамках цепей поставок предоставляет возможности для повышения эффективности деятельности каждой фирмы и обеспечения быстроты реагирования на потребности рынка. Основными причинами развития межорганизационных отношений в цепях поставок являются взаимодополняемость и организационная совместимость партнеров. Преимущества, получаемые в рамках интегрированного планирования и управления, отражаются на повышении конкурентных преимуществ за счет улучшения качества организации логистических процессов и повышения уровня обслуживания всех участников цепи поставок. Реализуются данные преимущества в процессе внедрения и использования информационных технологий, позволяющих организовать интегрированную деятельность. Но анализ статистики информатизации российских компаний показывает, что данные программные продукты пока не нашли в бизнесе широкого применения. Результаты: в ходе исследования были определены основные проблемы внедрения технологий интегрированного планирования и управления цепями поставок: низкое экономическое доверие, низкий информационно-технологический уровень, недостаток знаний.
Развитие теоретических и методических положений анализа финансовой устойчивости вузов
Authors: Кривошеев Артём Вадимович
Published: December 2020

Цель: в статье исследуется содержание финансовой устойчивости вузов через систему показателей, которыми она характеризуется. Обсуждение: приводится уточненное определение финансовой устойчивости, определяется набор и содержание показателей для ее анализа, учитывающий специфику деятельности вузов. Результаты: автором предложено уточненное определение финансовой устойчивости, которое дает возможность связать теоретическое представление о ней с порядком расчета показателей, позволяющим обосновать типологию финансовой устойчивости конкретного экономического субъекта. Определены состав и содержание показателей для анализа финансовой устойчивости вузов в контексте особенностей учетных объектов организаций бюджетной сферы. Раскрытое содержание показателей, используемых в аналитических расчетах, может во многом обеспечить понятность и прозрачность методики определения и аналитических выводов о финансовой устойчивости вузов для различных пользователей информации.
Практические аспекты применения методики оценки эффективности коллаборационного технологического контура как механизма поддержки инновационно-инвестиционных драйверов экономических систем мезоуровня
Authors: Малыхина Ирина Олеговна
Published: December 2020

Цель : статья посвящена формированию методического инструментария оценки коллаборационного технологического контура как механизма развития инновационно-инвестиционной деятельности. Об суждение : проанализированы современные условия инновационного и технологического развития отечественной экономики и выявлена эффективность объединения усилий и ресурсных возможностей государственного, научного и предпринимательского секторов. Выявлена взаимосвязь между множеством элементов, формирующих блоки контура. Осуществлен анализ возможных показателей, несущих максимальную смысловую нагрузку при формировании блоков контура. Ре зультаты : представлено авторское определение коллаборационного технологического контура и доказана его роль в развитии инновационной и технологической деятельности. Сформированы методические подходы к оценке эффективности контура по блокам. Сформирован алгоритм оценки эффективности в разрезе отдельных показателей. Доказана возможность практического применения представленной методики.
Сортировка как ключевой вектор управления отходами: современное состояние и перспективы развития в России
Authors: Игнатова Яна Сергеевна , Малькова Александра Витальевна
Published: December 2020

Цель: обоснование и актуализация сортировки отходов как одного из главных звеньев в системе обращения с отходами на пути повышения экологической безопасности и сохранения природных ресурсов. Разработка схемы управления движением отходов с учетом использования западного опыта в условиях российских реалий. Обсуждение: в статье рассмотрены основные этапы и способы сортировки отходов, проанализирован отечественный опыт сортировки отходов, представлены технические и технологические достижения в области оборудования для обращения с отходами в России. Результаты: по итогам исследования авторами были выявлены слабые и сильные стороны мусороперерабатывающей сферы в России, разработана схема управления движением отходов в России, а также разработаны предложения и рекомендации по ее улучшению и развитию.
Категория «экономическая» в отчетности в области устойчивого развития
Authors: Недомолкина Яна Николаевна
Published: December 2020

Цель: в целях выявления источников информационного обеспечения раскрытия данных о категории «Экономическая» отчетности в области устойчивого развития исследовать Руководство по отчетности в области устойчивого развития GRI [7]. Обсуждение: одной из категорий отчетности в области устойчивого развития является экономическая, включающая аспекты, содержащие ряд показателей. В рамках раскрытия информации категории «Экономическая» необходимо провести анализ ее воздействия на экономическое состояние ее заинтересованных сторон и на экономические системы на местном, региональном и глобальном уровнях. В отчете раскрывается движение капитала между различными заинтересованными сторонами, а также основное экономическое воздействие организации на все общество. Согласно Руководству по отчетности в области устойчивого развития GRI нормативная база раскрытия требуемых показателей включает соответствующие МСФО и Интерпретации стандартов, опубликованные Советом по международным стандартам финансовой отчетности; национальные или региональные стандарты, применяемые в нескольких странах для подготовки финансовой отчетности. В Руководстве нет точного указания на источник информационного обеспечения рекомендуемых к раскрытию аспектов. Уточняется, что при подготовке требуемой информации об экономических показателях полезно ознакомиться с цифрами проверенной аудиторами финансовой отчетности организации при наличии такой возможности или с данными ее управленческого учета, проверенными собственными специалистами. Предполагается, что категория «Экономическая» отчетности в области устойчивого развития может информационно обеспечиваться данными стратегического учета, в связи с чем необходимо установить требования инструкции по формированию Отчетности GRI. Результаты: информация финансовой и нефинансовой отчетности, раскрывающая воздействия организации на экономическое состояние ее заинтересованных сторон и на экономические системы на местном, региональном и глобальном уровнях, позволяет заинтересованным сторонам оценить деятельность экономического субъекта и принимать обоснованные экономические решения. При этом проводимое исследование свидетельствует о существенных информационных потребностях Отчетности GRI относительно данных стратегического учета.
Requirements Justification to Digital Signal Synthesizers for Various Types of Radar Systems
Authors: Viktorov Dmitriy S. , Plastinina Ekaterina V. , Samovolina Elena V.
Published: December 2020

The paper justifies the requirements for the level of distortion of radar stations with pulse and quasi-continuous radiation, built on the basis of digital signal synthesizers of four types: digital synthesizers of voltage counts and digital synthesizers of phase counts with uniform sampling, digital synthesizers of voltage counts and digital synthesizers of phase counts with uneven sampling. When building a radar master device, the question arises about choosing the type of digital signal synthesizer. The main initial criteria are the maximum operating range of the digital synthesizer and the level of in-band distortion. When choosing the type of digital signal synthesizer, you have to take into account a large number of factors, the main of which are the complexity of the execution of the digital readout shaper, the possibility of implementing a digital readout shaper with the required speed and number of digits [1, 2]. When making requirements for the total level of distortion, the criterion of acceptable reduction of the probability of correct detection in comparison with its potential value for a fixed probability of false alarm is used. Based on this criterion, in pulse radars, the maximum relative RMS value of the distortion of the intercorrelation function of a signal with angular modulation generated by a digital synthesizer should not exceed Dδx ≤ –(51...67) dB. In a radar with quasi-continuous radiation, the maximum relative mean-square value of the distortion of the autocorrelation function of the signal with angular modulation should not exceed Dδ ≤ –(80...120) dB. The number of bits of phase quantization, voltage and time delay compensation in digital signal synthesizers depends not only on the maximum relative RMS value of the distortion of the intercorrelation function, but also on the number of samples of the signal with angular modulation. Therefore, initially you need to select the reference frequency of the digital signal synthesizer, setting the type of modulation and the effective spectrum width of the signal with angular modulation based on the tactical and technical characteristics radar