bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cross-cultural study of purposive “traits of action”: Measurement invariance of scales based on the action–trait theory of human motivation using exploratory structural equation modeling
Authors: Bernard Larry C. , Cieciuch Jan , Lac Andrew , Žuro Barbara , Krupić Dino , Richter Michael , Silvestrini Nicolas , Von Helversen Bettina
Published: December 2021

The Action–Trait theory of human motivation posits that individual differences in predispositional traits of action may account for variance in contemporary purposeful human behavior. Prior research has supported the theory, psychometric properties of scales designed to assess the motive dimensions of the theory, and the utility of these scales to predict an array of behaviors, but this is the first study to evaluate the cross-linguistical invariance of the 15-factor theoretical model. This study evaluated translations of the English language 60-item Quick AIM in 5 samples – Croatian (N = 614), French (N = 246), German (N = 154), Polish (M = 314), and U.S. English (N = 490) – recruited from 4 countries (Croatia, Poland, Switzerland, and the U.S.). Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) supported the theoretical model on which the traits of action are based and scrutinized the measurement invariance (configural, metric, scalar invariance) of the scale across the languages.
Kurt Lewin (1890–1947) – w oczach jego biografów
Authors: Zeidler Włodzisław
Published: December 2021

Poglądy i twórczość Kurta Lewina wywierały i nadal wywierają fascynujący wpływ na wielu autorów, którzy piszą o jego drodze życiowej oraz twórczości, opierając się na własnej wiedzy oraz na stanie badań nad ową twórczością. Kurt Lewin ma trwałe miejsce w historii psychologii, ale pomimo to, w zależności od punktu widzenia autora, obrazy jego dorobku są różne. Idąc śladem Graumanna (1992/2007), w artykule przeanalizowano jego pogląd, że psychologia XX wieku nie była przygotowana na przyjęcie i zrozumienie dzieł Kurta Lewina. Stanowisko Graumanna uzasadnia to, że poszczególni biografowie ograniczali swoje zainteresowania pracami Lewina albo do „okresu berlińskiego”, albo tego w USA. Tym samym zacierali złożoność i wyrazistość obrazu jego przestrzeni życiowej, która rozpoczynała się jednak już w Mogilnie i w Poznaniu.
Therapeutic Potential of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Turkez Hasan , Arslan Mehmet Enes , Barboza Joice Nascimento , Kahraman Cigdem Yuce , de Sousa Damiao Pergentino , Mardinoğlu Adil
Published: December 2021

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most important neurodegenerative diseases and it covers 60% of whole dementia cases. AD is a constantly progressing neurodegenerative disease as a result of the production of β-amyloid (Aβ) protein and the accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated Tau protein; it causes breakages in the synaptic bonds and neuronal deaths to a large extent. Millions of people worldwide suffer from AD because there is no definitive drug for disease prevention, treatment or slowdown. Over the last decade, multiple target applications have been developed for AD treatments. These targets include Aβ accumulations, hyper-phosphorylated Tau proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress resulting in toxicity. Various natural or semisynthetic antioxidant formulations have been shown to protect brain cells from Aβ induced toxicity and provide promising potentials for AD treatment. Ferulic acid (FA), a high-capacity antioxidant molecule, is naturally synthesized from certain plants. FA has been shown to have different substantial biological properties, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective actions, etc. Furthermore, FA exerted neuroprotection via preventing Aβ-fibril formation, acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, and inhibiting free radical generation and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity. In this review, we present key biological roles of FA and several FA derivatives in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, protection against free radical attacks, and enzyme inhibitions and describe them as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of AD.
Environmental Management System as Sustainable Tools in Water Environmental
Management: A Review
Authors: Shah Kinjal J. , Singh Abhishek V. , Tripathi Satyendra , Hussain Touseef , You Zhaoyang
Published: December 2021

Background:

The Environmental Management System (EMS) is a unique way to develop an environmental policy with adequate planning, including implementation, operation, checking, and management review.

Objective:

The main stages of the EMS encompass environmental policy, planning, implementation, evaluation, and review.

Method:

A number of environmental standards (ISO 14000), which were drawn up by the international standardization organization, form an essential part of an EMS. This management system introduces environmental management into the day-to-day functions, long-term operations, and resource management frameworks of the organization.

Results:

This overview provides important information about the role of the EMS in water resource management and the scope of the EMS in the water system. This management system is used as an instrument to promote sustainable development in society.

Conclusion:

This paper sheds light on the topic of a sustainable water environment. In addition, some recognized successful EMS systems were reviewed and illustrated. We believe this review provides a guide to a fruitful water environment for successful urbanization planning.
The MicroRNA Days: The COVID-19 Pandemic from the Point of View of Short RNAs
Authors: Izzotti Alberto
Published: December 2021

Despite their biological simplicity, microRNA-based organisms, such as RNA viruses,
are currently shown to be unexpected threats to mammals, including humans. This situation is exemplified by the COVID-19 pandemic triggered by the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
RNA viruses are older than DNA viruses. Indeed, from an evolutionary standpoint, RNA is an older molecule than DNA. The strength of RNA viruses, compared to DNA viruses, resides in their
simplicity and instability. The instability of RNA viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) and flu viruses, generates mutants to escape the host’s defense mechanisms. A formidable
combination of lethality and infectivity was recently achieved by SARS-CoV-2. Complex DNAbased defense systems use Toll-like receptors to intercept viral RNA inside a cell. Activation of
Toll-like receptors triggers inflammation and activates lymphocytes and monocytes, causing thromboxane release. In the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, this process results in cytokine storms and
lung thromboembolism. The ongoing pandemic can be envisioned as a struggle between highly
evolved complex DNA organisms, i.e., humans, and poorly evolved simple RNA organisms, i.e.,
SARS-CoV-2 virus. Quite surprisingly, the complex organism has a serious problem defeating the
simplistic organism. However, humans are finally developing a new effective weapon in fighting
the SARS-CoV-2 virus, paradoxically, RNA-based vaccines. These considerations underscore the
relevance of microRNAs as powerful tools in therapeutic and preventive medicine.
Analysis of factors affecting motor vehicle tax revenue (South Sumatra Province 2006-2020)
Authors: Basri M. Hasan , Isnurhadi Isnurhadi , Widiyanti Marlina , Adam Mohamad
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of changes in investment, consumption, DGFB per capita, inflation on motor vehicle tax revenues in South Sumatra Province. Motor vehicle tax revenues were sampled with the research period 2006-2020. The research used the multiple linear regression method. The results showed that changes in investment, consumption, and inflation did not significantly affect motor vehicle tax revenues in South Sumatra in 2006-2020. Meanwhile, DGFB per capita has a significant positive effect on motor vehicle tax revenues in South Sumatra in 2006-2020.
KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SERTA INHIBISI LIPASE DAN KOLESTEROL ESTERASE DARI BUBUK SARI BUAH PAMELO CITRUS MAXIMA KULTIVAR NAMBANGAN SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Pawestri Setyaning , Prangdimurti Endang , Wulandari Nur
Published: December 2021

Jeruk pamelo (Citrus maxima) kultivar Nambangan kaya akan senyawa bioaktif, seperti asam askorbat dan senyawa fenolik (flavonoid, narirutin, naringin, dan neohesperidin). Penelitian terdahulu menemukan bahwa berbagai spesies pamelo menurunkan kadar LDL-c, trigliserida dan kolesterol pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia. Namun, meski memiliki nilai fungsional dan manfaat kesehatan yang tinggi, tingkat konsumsi pamelo masih rendah, kemungkinan karena rasanya yang pahit dan asam. Produk bubuk menjadi solusi masalah ini dan juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai aplikasi. Bubuk sari buah lebih praktis dan stabil untuk digunakan. Namun demikian, proses yang digunakan untuk memperoleh serbuk harus mempertimbangkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif. Bubuk sari buah diperoleh dengan pengeringan semprot dengan penambahan bahan penyalut (maltodekstrin/MD DE12 dan gum arab/GA) dari empat formulasi (10: 0, 9: 1, 8: 2, dan 7: 3 MD/GA) dengan konsentrasi dari 15% w/v jus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan rasio bahan penyalut (MD/GA) terhadap senyawa bioaktif sari buah pamelo dan menilai potensi hipolipidemik secara in vitro dalam menghambat lipase pankreas dan kolesterol esterase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas DPPH, total fenolik, total flavonoid, dan asam askorbat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak bubuk MD/GA 7:3. Nilai IC50 ekstrak 4 bubuk jus buah pamelo terhadap lipase dan kolesterol esterase berkisar antara 211,42-308,40 μg/ml, dan 934,19-1352,05 μg/ml. Nilai IC50 terendah diperoleh dari ekstrak bubuk MD/GA 7:3. Ekstrak bubuk sari buah pamelo menunjukkan efek yang lebih kuat dalam menghambat aktivitas lipase pankreas daripada menghambat kolesterol esterase
APLIKASI ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION UNTUK PRODUKSI MINYAK BAWANG PUTIH VARIETAS LOKAL
Authors: Yuniarto Kurniawan , Okta Muvianto Cahyo Mustiko , Ernia Ernia
Published: December 2021

Operasi ekstraksi bahan hasil pertanian melibatkan proses pelepasan bahan aktif dari dalam jaringan tanaman. Teknik ekstraksi komponen bioaktif menggunakan ultrasonik atau ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) menjadi salah satu metode yang mulai diminati karena efek dari kavitasi yang ditimbulkan dapat mendukung efisiensi waktu, penggunaan pelarut lebih sedikit dan tidak invasif. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan gelombang ultrasonik dengan frekuensi 37 kHz untuk ekstrasi minyak bawang varietas lokal jenis Bagong, Tunggal dan Sangga. Pengeringan awal irisan bawang putih dengan suhu 60 oC selama 6 jam diterapkan untuk mengurangi kadar air awal. Selanjutnya, UAE diterapkan untuk ekstrak irisan bawang putih dengan variabel waktu ekstraksi terdiri atas 20 menit, 30 menit, dan 45 menit. Ekstrak kasar disaring dan diuapkan menggunakan vacuum evaporator suhu 60 oC selama 15 menit. Selanjutnya, minyak bawang putih di sentrifus dengan kecepatan 3000 rpm selama 15 menit untuk memisahkan partikel terlarut. Hasil penelitian di peroleh rendemen tertinggi di peroleh dari jenis bawang putih Sangga dan waktu ekstraksi 45 menit dengan hasil rendemen sebesar 12,35%. Nilai indeks bias tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata pada perlakuan jenis bawang putih maupun lama pemberian gelombang ultrasonik dalam rentang 20 sampai 45 menit dengan nilai indeks bias sebesar 1,3678–1,3741. Hasil pengukuran GCMS menunjukkan kandungan komponen allyl trisulfida paling tinggi pada varietas bawang Putih Tunggal sebesar 11,19%. Selanjutnya, aktivitas antioksidan akan semakin besar pada minyak atsiri yang terekstrak dengan periode UAE semakin panjang dengan nilai aktivitas antioksidan paling tinggi pada jenis bawang putih Sangga dengan lama ekstraksi 45 menit.
Intervening factors in the perception of memory decline and life purpose in older adults
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Morais Freire Gabriel Lucas , Suto Aizava Paulo Vitor , Magna Thais Sporkens , Soares Vinicius Nagy , Fernandes Paula Teixeira , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Fiorese Lenamar
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the perception of memory decline and the purpose of life in the elderly.Methods: A cross-sectional study that evaluated 235 older adults living in the city of Maringá, Paraná. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Life Purpose Scale and the Subjective Cognitive Decline Initiative (SCD-I) were used. Data analysis was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann–Whitney “U”, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson's Chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Results: The results showed a higher prevalence of women with a perception of memory decline (p = 0.011) and that the elderly with more than three minimum wages had higher scores on the life purpose scale than the elderly with lower income. It was found that the elderly who does not consider that the deterioration of memory affects activities of daily living (ADL) had a greater purpose in life than the elderly who considers that the deterioration of memory impairs their ADL (p = 0.004). Conclusion: female gender seems to be a factor associated with memory decline, while higher monthly income seems to be an intervening factor in the greater purpose of life of the elderly. Not considering that memory loss harms ADLs, it seems to intervene in the best purpose of life.
Psychosocial profile of candidates for bariatric surgery and its association with Binge-Eating Disorder
Authors: Coelho Amanda Frazão , Costa Otávia Regina Souza
Published: December 2021

Objective: To describe the psychosocial profile of candidates for bariatric surgery, verify the prevalence of Binge-Eating Disorder (BED) and analyze the correlation between psychosocial variables in patients with or without BED. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Data collection was based on information from 125 patients, and the Periodic Binge-Eating Scale (BES) was applied by the Psychology section of a general hospital in southern Minas Gerais from July 2019 to March 2020. Candidates were separated into groups with and without BED, and psychosocial variables were correlated with groups. Results: The BED prevalence was 41.6% (52). Most patients were women (101; 80.8%), between 30 and 49 years (68; 54.4%), had a paid job (80; 64%), had completed or incomplete high school (51; 48.8%), reported memories of "remarkable facts" in the child's family environment (78; 62.4%). Anxiety disorders were reported in 37.6% (47) and depressive disorders in 17.6% (22) of the sample. As for weight-loss treatments, 62.4% (78) tried at least three types; 58.4% (73) reported the perception of weight gain in childhood or adolescence. A statistically significant association was observed between BED and a low education (p = 0.009). Conclusion: It was possible to characterize the studied population. It was observed that education can be considered a protective factor for the occurrence of BED.
Cardiovascular risk in primary care: comparison between Framingham Score and waist circumference
Authors: Andrade Nina Vitória de Souza Silva , Noronha Isis Marinho de , Almeida Larisse Xavier , Siqueira Fernanda , Onofre Tatiana
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To estimate and compare the cardiovascular risk using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and waist circumference (WC) in primary care individuals and, secondarily, determine the main factors associated with these scores. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving individuals of both sexes attended in a primary health unit and aging between 30 and 74 years. The cardiovascular risks (FRS and WC) were stratified as low, intermediate, and high. The weighted Kappa coefficient was used to assess agreements between scores. Results: Fifty-five individuals (52.8 ± 9.4 years, 70.9% women) were evaluated. Using the FRS, 40.0% of the sample presented a low risk, 45.5% intermediate risk, and 14.5% high risk of cardiovascular disease. Conversely, when analyzed using the WC score, the highest frequency (71%) was observed in the high-risk category. Also, no agreement (K= 0.36; p= 0.55) was found between scores. FRS was associated with hypertension (p<0.01), diabetes (p=0.01), and stress in women (p=0.01), while the WC score was associated with hypertension (p=0.02), obesity (p<0.01), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-c (p=0.03). Conclusions: Primary care individuals presented intermediate cardiovascular risk in the FRS and high risk in the WC, with no agreement between scores. Hypertension, diabetes, stress, obesity, and HDL-c represented the factors that were most associated with these scores.
Prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in patients in hemodialysis
Authors: Nunes Camila Ferreira , Carvalho Tuane Rodrigues de , Duarte Ricardo da Silva , Barboza Ylka Anny Couto Oliveira , Lemos Maria Conceição Chaves de , Pinho Claudia Porto Sabino
Published: December 2021

Objective: To assess the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated patients with CKD undergoing HD from January to October 2016 in two dialysis centers located in Recife, Pernambuco. For the diagnosis of sarcopenia, the criteria proposed by the 2019 European Consensus on Sarcopenia, which advocates low muscle strength as the main criterion, were considered. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and behavioral covariates were evaluated. Results: 108 patients were included, with a mean age of 51.4 ± 17.0 years and homogeneous distribution between the sexes.Sarcopenia was present in 38.9% of the population, of which 69% had severe sarcopenia. A higher prevalence of sarcopenia was observed among men (60% vs. 17%; p < 0.001), in those without a partner (48.1% vs. 30.4%; p < 0.045), in smokers (50% vs. 30%; p < 0.034), with low weight (underweight 73.3%, eutrophic 33.9%, overweight 32.4%; p = 0.001) and those with normal albumin levels (47.5% vs. 28.6%; p = 0.045). Conclusion: Approximately one in three nephropathic patients on hemodialysis presented sarcopenia and, among these, most had the severe form of this condition.Uremic sarcopenia was more prevalent in males, in individuals without partners, underweight, in smokers, and among those with normal albumin levels.
Epidemiological characterization of stroke cases under rehabilitation on the Brazilian Unified Health System in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Custodio Alini Dantas , Morais Filho Alcivan Batista , Gomes Aline Thaiz Nunes , Lobato Inácia Allyne Fernandes , Cavalcanti José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva , Falcão Daniel , Freire Marco Aurelio M
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To identify the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients undergoing treatment for a stroke at the only public rehabilitation clinic in Mossoró/RN (Doctor Ozias Alves de Souza Rehabilitation Center). Methods: Quantitative, prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, exploratory study, structured from responses to a clinical-epidemiological and sociodemographic questionnaire with 39 items, to assess aspects concerning the profile of patients affected by stroke and undergoing rehabilitation treatment. Results: Twenty-eight individuals with stroke sequelae undergoing treatment at the rehabilitation center were identified, whose clinical-epidemiological characteristics revealed equivalence concerning gender (50% male:female), the predominance of white and brown color/race (46.4% each), and overweight (35.7%). Most of the patients lived in a family environment with a spouse (64.3%), were retired (71.4%), with monthly income between one and two minimum wages (64.3%), with hemiplegic sequelae resulting from the stroke (85.7%) and difficulties in adapting to the current way of life (75%). Conclusion: The present study allows an initial scrutiny of stroke cases in Mossoró/RN and their rehabilitation process. Such data may contribute to a better understanding of issues concerning stroke by government sectors, aiming to improve care and multidisciplinary interventions to provide patients with reinsertion in both work practice and in everyday social relationships.
Information technologies’ role in optimizing the application of drugs in clinical practice: a view of a clinical pharmacologist
Authors: Sychev D. A.
Published: December 2021

Currently, the development and implementation of computerized medical decision support systems (CMDSS) is an effective tool aimed at optimizing drug therapy in clinical practice. It has been proven in clinical studies their use can increase the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy for a number of socially significant diseases. An active integration of CMDSS into medical information systems of medical organizations is required.
Features of acute decompensation of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with anemia and latent iron deficiency
Authors: Veklich A. S. , Koziolova N. A.
Published: December 2021

Objective: to assess the contribution of anemia and latent iron deficiency (LID) to the formation of acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (ADHF) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in history.

Materials and methods: a one‑time screening clinical non‑randomized study was conducted. 98 patients with ADHF were examined according to the criteria for inclusion and non‑inclusion, among which 47 (48%) patients suffered from type 2 DM. Among patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism, 14 (29.8%) patients had an anemic syndrome verified.

Results: the prevalence of anemia among hospitalized patients with ADHF against the background of type 2 DM was 29.8%, LID without anemia – 51.5%. Anemic syndrome in patients with ADHF and type 2 DM was represented by iron deficiency anemia in 85.7% and anemia of chronic conditions in 14.3% of cases. In 2/3 of the patients, anemia corresponded to moderate severity. The relative risk (RR) of the development of ADHF against the background of type 2 DM and anemia increases by 2.4 times, in the presence of LID – by 2.9 times. The presence of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction in history, atrial fibrillation with a heart rate of more than 110 beats per minute, renal dysfunction, high activity of nonspecific inflammation were risk factors for the formation of ADHF in patients with type 2 DM and anemia. The presence of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with anemia increased the RR of the development of ADHF by 1.8 times, the presence of chronic kidney disease – by 1.7 times, with an increase in the excretion of albumin/protein in the urine >30 mg/g – by 5.7 times, with tubular dysfunction – by 2.4 times, with an increase in aortic stiffness – by 3.5 times.

Conclusion: the prevalence of anemia and LID among patients with ADHF and type 2 DM is high. These conditions were risk factors for the development of ADHF and its progression. ADHF in patients with type 2 DM against the background of anemia and LID was characterized by a more severe course, a more pronounced lesion of the target organs.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of drug treatment in patients with arterial hypertension and insomnia
Authors: Vasilieva I. N. , Chesnikova A. I. , Klimenkova O. S. , Bikmetova A. M.
Published: December 2021

Objective: chronic sleep disturbance is a comorbid condition with arterial hypertension, often combined with affective disorders, anxiety, depression. Forced sleep deprivation in patients with hypertension indicates a high activity of the renin‑angiotensin‑aldosterone system (RAAS) and desynchronosis of biological rhythms caused by a probable deficit in melatonin secretion during the night. Timely elimination of any pathological process associated with insomnia and arterial hypertension (AH) in the early stages of its development is a prerequisite for the effectiveness of therapy. Therefore, initial therapy should help neutralize the adverse effects of RAAS and improve the 24‑hour blood pressure (BP) profile. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of monotherapy with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, As well as in combination with a synthetic analogue of melatonin, on the course of hypertension and parameters of systemic hemodynamics in patients with first degree hypertension with insomnia at the onset of the disease. Combined therapy with an ACE inhibitor and a synthetic analogue of MT in patients with hypertension and insomnia was accompanied by an improvement in the clinical state, achievement of the target blood pressure level in most patients, positive dynamics of central blood pressure parameters and indicators reflecting the rigidity of peripheral arteries.
Features of gene polymorphism in comorbid patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease
Authors: Arutyunyan L. V. , Drobotya N. V. , Pirozhenko A. A. , Kaltukova V. V.
Published: December 2021

Objective: to assess the prospects of using genetic testing for early detection of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) with a high risk of developing coronary heart disease (IHD).

Material and methods: we examined 100 patients with hypertension, who were divided into 2 groups: patients with hypertension without ischemic heart disease (62%, 62 people) and patients with hypertension with ischemic heart disease (38%, 38 people). All patients underwent a standard volume of diagnostic procedures, as well as molecular genetic research.

 Results: the specificity of the carriage of gene polymorphism was revealed, depending on the presence of isolated AH or AH in combination with IHD in patients. Patients with AH and IHD are characterized by the presence of the CC genotype and the C allele of the ΝΟS3 gene (p = 0,040 and p = 0,035), while the TT genotype of the T‑786C polymorphic marker of the NOS3 gene is characteristic of patients with isolated AH.

 Conclusion: the study of the genetic aspects of comorbidity is theoretically important for understanding the mechanisms of its formation. From a practical point of view, the opportunity to use modern genetic approaches for early screening of hypertensive patients with a high risk of developing cardiac comorbid pathology is valuable.
Non-motor manifestations in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Goncharova Z. A. , Gelpey M. A. , Mutalieva H. M.
Published: December 2021

Objective: to study the structure of NMS, their frequency and clinical significance at all stages of PD; to conduct a comparative analysis of the structure of NMS in PD, depending on the stage, form of the disease and gender characteristics of patients.

Material and methods: examined 100 patients with PD, 31 patients as the control, and 11 patients as the comparison with Parkinson’s syndrome. The severity of movement disorders was assessed using the Hen and Yar scale. All patients with PD were also clinically assessed according to the UPDRS scale (parts II, III). Cognitive functions were assessed according to the Montreal CI scale (MOCA). The patients’ neuropsychological status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results: vegetative disorders are a frequent manifestation of PD; they differ significantly depending on the gender of the patient and on the stage of the disease. In 20% of patients with PD clinically pronounced depression and severe cognitive impairment were revealed.

 Conclusion: non‑motor disorders are distinguished by a wide variety of manifestations and combinations, and their structure changes significantly from early to late stages of PD. The presence of NMS is an obligatory sign of PD. Although the structure of non‑motor manifestations of the disease is not specific, attention is drawn to the combination of more than ten different NMS in most patients, which does not occur with natural aging.
Clinical observation of interstitial lung injury caused by the use of humidifier
Authors: Karoli N. A. , Kharlamov V. E. , Zarmanbetova O. T.
Published: December 2021

Humidifier lung syndrome is a rare phenotype of hypersensitive pneumonitis (HP) caused by inhalation of fumes from contaminated climate appliances such as a humidifier and air conditioner. Since the described syndrome is rarely found in the Russian Federation, the practitioner should be wary of this pathology, carefully collect an anamnesis from the patient, and also carry out differential diagnostics with lung lesions of autoimmune, drug, infectious genesis. HP therapy includes exclusion of contact with the etiological factor and the appointment of systemic hormonal therapy.
Determining the Case Fatality Rate of COVID-19 in Italy: Novel Epidemiological Study
Authors: Yan Mengqing , Kang Wenjun , Guo Zhifeng , Wang Qi , Wang Peizhong Peter , Zhu Yun , Yang Yongli , Wang Wei
Published: December 2021

Background

COVID-19, which emerged in December 2019, has spread rapidly around the world and has become a serious public health event endangering human life. With regard to COVID-19, there are still many unknowns, such as the exact case fatality rate (CFR).

Objective

The main objective of this study was to explore the value of the discharged CFR (DCFR) to make more accurate forecasts of epidemic trends of COVID-19 in Italy.

Methods

We retrieved the epidemiological data of COVID-19 in Italy published by the John Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. We then used the proportion of deaths to discharged cases（including deaths and recovered cases） to calculate the total DCFR (tDCFR), monthly DCFR (mDCFR), and stage DCFR (sDCFR). Furthermore, we analyzed the trend in the mDCFR between January and December 2020 using joinpoint regression analysis, used ArcGIS version 10.7 to visualize the spatial distribution of the epidemic CFR, and assigned different colors to each province based on the CFR or tDCFR.

Results

We calculated the numbers and obtained the new indices of the tDCFR and mDCFR for calculating the fatality rate. The results showed that the tDCFR and mDCFR fluctuated greatly from January to May. They first showed a rapid increase followed by a rapid decline after reaching the peak. The map showed that the provinces with a high tDCFR were Emilia-Romagna, Puglia, and Lombardia. The change trend of the mDCFR over time was divided into the following 2 stages: the first stage (from January to May) and the second stage (from June to December). With regard to worldwide COVID-19 statistics, among 6 selected countries, the United States had the highest tDCFR (4.26%), while the tDCFR of the remaining countries was between 0.98% and 2.72%.

Conclusions

We provide a new perspective for assessing the fatality of COVID-19 in Italy, which can use ever-changing data to calculate a more accurate CFR and scientifically predict the development trend of the epidemic.
Caregivers’ practices according to ADLs: Evidence from Facebook support groups for Alzheimer and dementia care (Preprint)
Authors: Bachmann Pavel , Hruška Jan
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

As the social media (SM) support groups provide a communication platform for caregivers to share experiences, examples of effective and ineffective care, asking questions, recommending new approaches, or venting their needs, there is still little documented on how SM can help to obtain a true picture of the caregiver burden according to activities of daily living (ADLs).

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to identify the real-life practice of family caregivers looking after people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The image of caregivers’ actual practice is determined on the basis of their experience, needs, emotions, or examples of the behavior of people with AD found on social networks.

METHODS

We collected a sample of 1603 posts relevant to basic activities of daily living (ADLs) which were published in two Facebook support groups related to AD. In the next step, conversation topics were identified separately for each of the six basic categories of ADLs. This was done using the topic extractor based on the simple parallel threaded implementation of Latent Dirichlet allocation with sparse LDA sampling scheme and data structure.

RESULTS

From the quantitative point, the study provides knowledge about the proportions of members’ interest in the individual areas of ADLs. From the qualitative point, machine learning automatically detected five discussion topics for each activity. At the same time, for each of the topics, real-life examples from the day-to-day experience of family caregivers are given. In terms of the members’ interests, statistically significant differences were found between the drinking and feeding activity and three other daily activities. Moreover, a qualitative analysis showed several causal links between the individual topics discussed within the areas of ADLs.

CONCLUSIONS

The acquired knowledge can help further research focus on the most problematic areas relevant for people with AD in order to increase their quality of life and at the same time reduce the caregiver burden. The study expands the knowledge of the demands posed by the individual caregiver activities, specifically in the context of activity-based costing or time-based activity costing. At the same time, it can serve as a basis for identifying the needs of caregivers in the field of innovative development or the implementation of online counseling on social networks.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable.
The Relationship Between eHealth Literacy, Social Media Self-Efficacy and Health Communication Intention Among Chinese Nursing Undergraduates: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Huiping , Qian Lin , Xue Mengxin , Zhou Ting , Qu Jiling , Zhou Jingxin , Qu Junchao , Ji Siqi , Bu Yuan , Hu Yicheng , Wu Shaung , Chen Yuhui , You Jiachun , You Jiachun , Liu Yongbing , Liu Yongbing
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

With the popularization of the Internet, it has become possible to widely disseminate health information via social media. Medical staff’s health communication through social media can improve the public’s health literacy, and improving the intention of health communication among nursing undergraduates is of great significance for them to actively carry out health communication after entering clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the relationship among eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention and to determine the mediating role of social media self-efficacy in the relationship between eHealth literacy and health communication intention.

METHODS

A cross-sectional descriptive correlation design was used in this study.Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 958 nursing students from four nursing colleges in Jiangsu Province, China, from June to July 2021.Data were collected using the eHealth Literacy Scale, the Social Media Self-efficacy Scale, and the Health Communication Intention Questionnaire. Sociodemographic data were also collected. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention.

RESULTS

Health communication intention is positively correlated with eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy. eHealth literacy directly affects the intention of health communication significantly (p < 0.001), and social media self-efficacy played a mediating role in the influence of eHealth literacy on health communication intention (the mediating effect accounted for 37.2% of the total effect).

CONCLUSIONS

Improving the eHealth literacy of nursing undergraduates can directly affect or promote health communication intention and can also indirectly improve health communication intention through improving social media self-efficacy. In view of these results, targeted educational programs must be developed to improve eHealth literacy and social media self-efficacy among nursing undergraduates, thereby
promoting their health information transmission.
Аналіз напружено-деформованого стану моделі хребта із заднім спондилодезом при лікуванні сколіотичних деформацій у дітей
Authors: Levitsky A.F. , Rogozinsky V.O. , Dolyanitsky M.M. , Yaresko O.V. , Karpinsky M.Yu.
Published: December 2021

Актуальність. Математичне моделювання корекції сколіотичних деформацій хребта дозволяє без хірургічного втручання провести аналіз ефективності різних методів лікування в декількох варіантах. При дослідженні тракційних способів лікування застосовувалися переважно експериментальні методи досліджень. Мета: дослідити напружено-деформований стан моделей хребта з різним ступенем сколіотичної деформації при задньому спондилодезі. Матеріали та методи. Моделювали деформації хребта 40°, 70° і 100° при задньому спондилодезі хребців Th1-Th12. Використовували навантаження величиною 300 Н. Результати. При деформації 40° найбільш напруженими є ділянки вигину хребта у фронтальній площині. Для верхніх хребців Th1-Th4 спостерігається більш рівномірний розподіл напруження по тілу хребця. Для блоку хребців Th5-Th10 більш напруженою є увігнута сторона тіл хребців. У грудному відділі хребта найбільш напруженими є хребці Th2 і Th5. Основне навантаження несе фіксуюча конструкція, у якій рівень напруженого стану значно вищий, ніж у кісткових структурах хребців. У задньому опорному комплексі хребців ділянки концентрації напруження розташовані у місцях входу фіксуючих гвинтів у кістку. Збільшення величини сколіотичної деформації хребта до 70° викликає збільшення рівня напруження в усіх елементах моделі, за винятком хребців Th9-Th10. При деформації 100° у задньому опорному комплексі хребців ділянки концентрації напруження розташовані у місцях входу фіксуючих гвинтів у кістку. Рівень напруження 116,0 МПа перевищує межу міцності кортикального шару кісткової тканини хребта, що може призвести до мікроушкоджень кісткової тканини та розхитування гвинтів. Висновки. При всіх величинах сколіотичної деформації хребта найбільш напруженими є хребці Th4 та Th5. Зменшення ступеня деформації значно впливає на напружено-деформований стан хребетного стовпа. У тілі хребця Th4 рівень напруження при деформації 100° більш ніж удвічі вищий, ніж при деформації 70°, та більш ніж у 4 рази, ніж при деформації 40°. У тілі хребця Th5 рівень напруження при деформації 70° в 1,5 раза менше, ніж при деформації 100°, а при деформації 40° — менше в 3 рази. Рівень напруження в тілах хребців Th1-Th5 вищий, ніж у Th6-Th12. У задньому опорному комплексі в місцях входу гвинтів у кістку максимальне значення напруження при деформації 40° дорівнює 34,0 МПа, що не є критичним для кісткової тканини. При деформації 70° значення напруження дорівнює 85,0 МПа, що може перевищувати межу міцності для кортикальної кістки і призводити до мікроруйнування кісткової тканини в ділянці контакту «гвинт — кістка». При деформації 100° напруження дорівнює 116,0 МПа, що перевищує межу міцності для кортикальної кістки і може призвести до мікроруйнування в ділянці контакту «гвинт — кістка».
Cyclosporine A nephropathy, its pathogenesis and management
Authors: Erçin Sonmez Yusuf
Published: December 2021

CsA, obtained from a fungus called Tolypocladium inflatum came into medical use in 1983. Organ transplants have shown great success after the use of Cyclosporine, especially in 3- and 5-year graft survival. However, nephrotoxicity seen in the early and late periods complicates its use. It is very important to distinguish especially early toxicity from rejection attacks; because the treatments of both processes are completely different. While vasocostriction in the renal artery system is prominent in the early period, the underlying factor for late toxicity is the thickening of the arteriolar intima and the consequent decrease in tissue oxygenation. The article discusses the variants of toxicity caused by the use of cyclosporin A. Morphological changes with the use of cyclosporin A are shown in rat models. The results of our own observations on the use of prostaglandin, which demonstrated the effect of vasodilation, are also presented, which can probably be used for further studies in order to reduce the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporin A. In particular, we found that PGE2 significantly reduced vasoconstriction and reduced the toxic effect due to CsA. The limitations was the usage of these agents once, so we couldn’t continue and only gave them intravenously. However, the results obtained were found to be significant.
Improving medical standards of care to children of an early and preschool age with urinary tract infections at the primary care stage
Authors: Bezruk V.V. , Ivanov D.D.
Published: December 2021

Timely diagnosis, prognostic value of clinical signs and further treatment of patients of an early age with urinary tract infections (UTI) during outpatient stage are important constituents of an integrated management of patients in childhood. The article deals with new approaches concerning clinical algorithm in diagnosis of urinary tract infections in children. The algorithm of diagnostic and therapeutic measures for providing care to children under 5 years of age with urinary tract infections, in particular at the stage of primary care, includes: diagnosis of urinary tract infection in young children using The Diagnosis of Urinary Tract infection in Young children, patient’s examination by Gorelick Scale and UTIcalc, imaging methods with mandatory ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder, micturating cystogram after the first episode of infection in boys and the second — in girls, the prescription of antibiotic therapy based on data from regional monitoring of antibiotic resistance of the main groups of uropathogens, monitoring antibiotic resistance using electronic means and the implementation in microbiological laboratories of the guidelines of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, as well as introduction of the prescription sale of antibiotics.
Uromodulin as a potential candidate marker for predicting the course of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Denova L.D.
Published: December 2021

Uromodulin is a nephrospecific protein that is most common in normal urine. And although it has been known for more than 70 years, the function of uromodulin remains unclear. Uromodulin is involved in regulating the transport of salts, protects against urinary tract infections, namely, the mucous membrane of the bladder, and prevents the formation of kidney stones, as well as plays a role in kidney damage and innate immunity. Serum uromodulin and uromodulin of urine, daily excretion and excretion of uromodulin per 1 milliliter of creatinine clearance are actively studied. Complete genome studies of the association have established a correlation between uromodulin gene mutations and autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease.
Liga Seluler: pergeseran olahraga elektronik ke peranti seluler di Indonesia.
Authors: Jiwandono Haryo P , Purwandi Edeliya Relanika
Published: December 2021

Dekade 2010-an menjadi awal era perangkat seluler; terdiri dari ponsel pintar dan komputer tablet (Otmazgin, 2008; Richardson, 2011; Jin, 2017), pengembangan agar lebih sesuai dengan permainan digital (Juul, 2009; Richardson, 2011; Jin, 2017). Permainan digital pada perangkat seluler terus mendapatkan popularitas seiring dengan berlalunya dekade; khususnya di Asia Timur (Jin, 2017). Ini didukung oleh budaya teknologi seluler yang kuat di kawasan ini (de Lange, 2015; Jin, 2017) yang menciptakan lingkungan sosioteknik yang subur secara proverbial untuk produksi, distribusi, dan keterlibatan permainan digital seluler di kawasan ini hingga tingkat tinggi (de Lange, 2015; Jin, 2017). Kemudian, sebuah tren baru meningkat di Indonesia karena semakin banyak atlet olahraga elektronik berpartisipasi dalam kompetisi Mobile Legends: Bang Bang yang semakin menguntungkan (Widhana, 2018). Lintasan budaya ini menunjukkan fenomena menarik dari pergeseran perangkat game digital yang kompetitif dari komputer desktop atau laptop dan konsol game digital ke perangkat seluler. Hal tersebut unik karena, bahkan dengan lebih dari 200 juta pelanggan telepon seluler pada awal dasawarsa 2010-an di samping budaya telepon seluler yang kaya (de Lange, 2015), permainan digital seluler yang kompetitif belum pernah mencapai tingkat organisasi dan kepentingan publik yang sama dibandingkan dengan mereka yang dari Mobile Legends: Bang Bang di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian sebelumnya tentang game digital mobile (Otmazgin, 2008; Hjorth, 2009; Richardson, 2011; Jin, 2017) belum memberikan diskusi yang signifikan tentang aspek kompetitif game digital seluler.
PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PADA JURNALISME DIGITAL
Authors: Nurlatifah Mufti , Sarwono Billy , Irwansyah Dr.
Published: December 2021

Law perspective on communication studies provide normative point of view to analize phenomenon of communication. This point of view doesnt discuss rules of the game as the domain, but sees “what shoule be” as main focus. Normative theory provides causality to explain communication phenomena holistically. For journalism digital, normative theory have two main question to discuss. First, the position of digital journalism as current condition in communication studies. Second, the influence of digital journalism in democratic society. This conceptual study aims to answer both question and looking new horizon of normative theory among perspectives in the communication studies
Representasi Karakter Autis Dalam Film Dancing in The Rain
Authors: Diah Sarah Novita
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini berfokus pada penggambaran karakter autis dalam salah satu film Indonesia. Pentingnya penelitian ini untuk dilakukan di latarbelakangi adanya kesalahpahaman masyarakat terhadap penyandang autis yang masih marak saat ini. Film Dancing in The Rain merupakan film terbaru Indonesia (2018) yang mengangkat isu autisme dan hal tersebut menjadi alasan pemilihan film ini untuk menjadi objek untuk diteliti. Untuk itu penelitian ini memilih menggunakan metode analisis Roland Barthers agar dapar memberikan pencerahan kepada masyarakat terkait representasi penyandang autis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter penyandang autis masih dijadikan sebagai komoditas untuk menarik simpati.Meski disisi lain karakter autis dalam film ditampilkan dengan sangat positif. Hal menarik lain yang ditemukan dalam film, adanya penggambaran bahwa penyandang autis dapat meningkatkan perkembangan sosial mereka seiring perkembangan usia mereka dan terapi yang mereka dapatkan.
From Scorching Desert to Tropical Paradise: New Form of Video Game Orientalism in Far Cry 3
Authors: Prawadika Aji Angga
Published: December 2021

This paper provides an analysis of different form of orientalism found in the third title of the popular Far Cry game series.  The open world system offered by Far Cry 3 brings a new nuance in the discourse of orientalism in video games, especially within the context of military shooter game. It provides both opportunities and challenges for developers to build ‘world’ as real as possible for players to explore. This construction process often reflects the orientalism practices shown by game developers in describing Eastern society and culture. Through a variety of activities such as hunting, exploring, sailing, and killing enemy forces, the player acts as a 'western mediator' who intepret the simulated Eastern world as a strange and mysterious territory.
Permainan Simulasi Kencan sebagai Medium Romantic Loneliness
Authors: Noverianti Sarah
Published: December 2021

Permainan simulasi kencan merupakan subgenre permainan simulasi, di mana pemain—yang berperan sebagai tokoh utama yang dikelilingi oleh banyak karakter pria/wanita—berinteraksi dengan karakter hingga menjalin hubungan romantis dengannya, yakni melalui fitur pilihan jawaban dalam permainan. Fitur tersebut membawa pemain pada sebuah fantasi di mana dirinya dapat bertemu dengan seseorang yang memberikannya afeksi dan cinta, dan dapat berkencan dengannya. Melalui proses penelitian dengan metode etnografi, artikel ini mengulik perihal bagaimana proses dan pengalaman bermain oleh pemain “Mystic Messenger” (bagi pemain perempuan) dan “If My Heart Had Wings” (bagi pemain laki-laki) untuk mengatasi romantic loneliness-nya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proses bermain berpusat pada proses interaksi antara pemain dengan karakter permainan melalui dialog percakapan dan fitur pilihan jawaban, serta berbagai fitur yang ada di dalamnya. Proses ini yang mendekatkan pemain dengan karakter yang menjadi pasangannya, sehingga memberikan pengalaman hubungan romantis yang ideal bagi pemain, seakan-akan sedang berinteraksi dan menjalin hubungan dengan orang sungguhan.