bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Reforma Tributaria pendiente en Costa Rica: Consideraciones para el diseño del Sistema Tributario
Authors: Loría Luis
Published: November 2022

Desde los años 90s, se ha intensificado la discusión acerca de la necesidad de reformas tributarias de diversa índole en Costa Rica. A pesar de que algunas veces se han impulsado reformas ambiciosas, los resultados siempre han sido el fracaso o, en el mejor de los casos, cambios marginales (no necesariamente mejoras) a impuestos existentes. A través del tiempo, se han esgrimido los más diversos argumentos para justificar las reformas, obedeciendo, en la mayoría de los casos, a problemas coyunturales y a prioridades de corto plazo del gobierno de turno. Como resultado, el sistema tributario vigente incorpora las cicatrices de experimentos fallidos e iniciativas parcialmente implementadas que se acumulan y se hacen evidentes en una serie de ineficiencias e injusticias. A continuación, identificaremos y analizaremos algunas de las principales ineficiencias e injusticias y discutiremos posibles alternativas para solucionarlas o reducirlas.
Diagnóstico del estado situacional de la comunicación interna en Amanco-Costa Rica
Authors: Rojas Lobo Paola
Published: November 2022

El presente articulo resume el trabajo de graduacion titulado "Diagnostico del estado situacional de los procesos de comunicacion interna generados por el Departamento de Recursos Humanos de Amanco Costa Rica, durante el II semestre del 2006 y primer semestre del 2007" para optar por el grado de Master en comunicacion con enfasis en mercadeo. Este trabajo busca demostrar como la comunicacion interna en una organizacion permite generar un compromiso en los colaboradores con las labores de la empresa, ayuda a tomar decisiones congruentes, consolida las politicas y la identidad de la organizacion, integra al personal, delimita roles laborales, satisface las necesidades de los clientes internos y los motiva, mejora la calidad de vida de los colaboradores, genera una buena sinergia de trabajo, descentraliza funciones, maximiza el aprovechamiento de oportunidades, reduce los conflictos, mejora la comunicacion entre departamentos, mejora las adaptaciones al cambio, genera un sentido de pertenencia y aumenta la productividad de los procesos y del recurso humano. Para efectuar el diagnostico, se elaboro una serie de variables las cuales fueron convalidadas a traves de los mapeos y diagramas de los procesos comunicacionales de la empresa; ademas, se ejecuto un periodo de observacion estructurado donde se recaudo la mayor cantidad de informacion por medio de la revision de documentos, reuniones, entrevistas, convivencia y el analisis de procesos y macroprocesos. Igualmente, se efectuo entrevistas a profundidad estructuradas a personas claves, quienes se designaron por el mapeo, liderazgo y por sus roles laborales; asi como, una encuesta.
Una aplicación de algoritmos genéticos a la regla de filtro en la transacción de acciones
Authors: Hernández Chanto Allan
Published: November 2022

En el mercado de acciones, una rgla de filtro se define como una herramienta técnica que le permite a los agentes involucados definir una estrategia sobre cuándo comprar o vender sus acciones, a partir de la determinación de ciertos parámetros. El asunto crucial radica en cómo seleccionar la combinación óptima de los parámetros dentro de un espacio de búsqueda suficientemente grande. En este artículo se aplica la técnica heurística de algoritmos genéticos, paa encontrar la combinación cuasi-óptima de parámetros que maximice las ganancias de capital en la transacción de acciones.
Descentralización en salud: marco conceptual y políticas públicas en Argentina
Authors: Silvana Moscoso Nebel , Modarelli Romina
Published: November 2022

Ciertos sistemas de salud enfrentaron dificultades para garantizar equidad y eficiencia en la asignación de recursos, generando procesos de reformas con políticas de descentralización. Argentina incorporó entre sus reformas: transferencia de hospitales nacionales a niveles subnacionales, implementación de Hospitales Públicos de Gestión Descentralizada, Estrategia de Atención Primaria de la Salud, Plan Remediar y Seguros Provinciales de Salud. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en analizar dichas políticas públicas desde los enfoques económico y administrativo de la descentralización. La metodología consistió en: revisión del marco conceptual de la descentralización, análisis histórico de la descentralización en Argentina, descripción y análisis conceptual de las políticas públicas implementadas en los '90. En todos los casos las políticas implicaron transferencia de responsabilidades administrativas hacia los niveles subnacionales con procesos de delegación y devolución. Desde lo económico las medidas priorizaron la satisfacción de demandas regionales transfiriendo responsabilidades de provisión, financiación y aseguramiento de bienes y servicios.
Juegos normales y evolución cultural
Authors: Acuña Osvaldo
Published: November 2022

Estudiamos un modelo en el que consideramos un concepto de evolutivamente estable en Teoría de Juegos Normales. Probamos que este concepto corresponde a la noción de evolutivamente estable en Evolución Cultural. Con el fin de probar esto consideramos los aspectos dinámicos de las estrategias en juegos normales usando el concepto de la ecuación replicadora, que gobierna la evolución en el tiempo de un subconjunto finito de estrategias del espacio de estrategias de un juego normal de dado.
La administración de empleados internacionales: ¿Cómo superar el choque cultural en una empresa multinacional?
Authors: Brown Richards Enos
Published: November 2022

Hoy el mundo de los negocios se ha convertido en una aldea global. Las empresas ya no se limitan a las barreras nacionales, sino que se aventuran a conquistar nuevos y desafiantes mercados en el plano internacional, con lo cual se convierten en empresas multinacionales. La contratación de personal internacional agrega un nuevo matiz al comportamiento organizacional. El administrador global debe enfrentar el reto de evitar el choque cultural en la empresa.
Gestión de procesos de negocios en función de una arquitectura orientada a servicios
Authors: Arias Chaves Michael
Published: November 2022

This article describes the process of implementing a business process management supported by a service-oriented architecture from a business perspective. Also, it is to suggest how you can do to effectively balance the use of BPM and SOA as an entity differentiator for modern companies that drive the achievement of agile and flexible processes in their businesses.
Competitividad de las agroindustrias del limón pertenecientes al clúster del limón mexicano en Colima, México
Authors: Magaña Sánchez Pablo Adrián , Padilla Bernal Luz Evelia , Vargas Hernández José G.
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo se refiere al estudio del nivel de competitividad de las Agroindustrias del Limón pertenecientes al clúster del limón mexicano en Colima, México en base al modelo del IMD (International Institute for Management Development) como teoría de soporte. En este estudio se diseño y utilizó un instrumento de medición de acuerdo al modelo anteriormente mencionado adaptando las variables para el contexto de nuestro estudio. Es necesario mencionar que el modelo del IMD se utilizó para medir la competitividad de los países y para esta investigación se está generando un instrumento nuevo considerando el entorno de la investigación que son las empresas agroindustriales del limón mexicano en Colima. Esta investigación se orientó a Mipymes de tipo agroindustrial del limón. Posteriormente a través de análisis estadístico se determinó el nivel de competitividad de las mismas y qué variables o criterios son los que influyen significativamente en la competitividad.
La adhesión a los sistemas de autorregulación en materia de comercio electrónico: valoraciones desde la posición de los prestadores de servicios de la sociedad de la información
Authors: López Jiménez David
Published: November 2022

Internet constituye un canal de comunicación y distribución con un elevado nivel de implantación social. En todo caso, todavía existe una cierta sensación de desconfianza frente al mismo, sobre todo como medio de contratación. Para poner fin a esta última impresión se idearon los sistemas de autorregulación que disciplinan, con profusión, todas las cuestiones relativas al comercio electrónico, estableciendo las mejores prácticas legales y éticas, garantizando la plena protección del usuario. Consciente de las bondades que, en la práctica, estos últimos ostentan, los prestadores de servicios de la sociedad de la información han optado, con la finalidad de alcanzar la plena confianza del usuario, por adherirse a los mismos. España es uno de los países de la Unión Europea donde, curiosamente, más sistemas de autorregulación coexisten. Teniendo en cuenta tal particularidad, hemos realizado un completo estudio empírico, formulando diversas cuestiones de interés a las empresas adheridas, con el que hemos podido conocer diferentes consideraciones, desde la perspectiva de tales agentes, relativas a esta novedosa y sugerente cuestión.
El papel económico de las cofradías en el crepúsculo de la colonia y el ascenso de las sociedades mercantiles. Análisis de protocolos coloniales de San José (1837-1842)
Authors: Abarca Hernández Oriester , Bartels Villanueva Jorge
Published: November 2022

Las cofradías cumplieron en la Colonia y hasta la primera mitad del siglo XIX un papel no sólo religioso sino también económico al poseer tierras y actuar como entidades financieras. Las personas ligadas a las operaciones económicas de las cofradías eran los miembros de la élite local, quienes formaban una red social. Junto al capital manejado por la Iglesia y sus instituciones (cofradías, y diversos tipos de fundaciones como las capellanías y los mayorazgos) a lo largo de la Colonia se produjeron alianzas (sociedades) entre particulares, españoles peninsulares y criollos, para llevar a cabo inversiones y emprendimientos, como la exploración en busca de minas de oro y más tardíamente para operaciones de comercio exterior. El siglo XIX presenció el auge del pensamiento liberal y se produjo una desintegración paulatina de los bienes inmovilizados por la Iglesia y sus instituciones, lo que repercutió en la importancia de estas como agentes económicos. Ello también tuvo consecuencias en la propiedad de la tierra y en la legislación civil y comercial, que siguió al movimiento codificador iniciado en 1841 y se consagró en 1888, cuando entró a regir el Código Civil.
Crisis económica, desarrollo turístico y trabajo: el caso de los trabajadores de la comunidad de Los Pargos, Guanacaste
Authors: Morales Zúñiga Luis Carlos
Published: November 2022

Este artículo consiste en un extracto de una investigación mayor sobre los trabajadores que se han desplazado desde las actividades económicas tradicionales, en la comunidad de Los Pargos, en Guanacaste, al noroeste de Costa Rica, con tal de insertarse en el mercado laboral turístico. Sobre estos trabajadores se analiza la percepción que tuvieron en relación a la crisis económica global cuyo momento más difícil se puso en evidencia en 2009, período en el cual nos encontrábamos realizando la investigación de campo. Se enfatiza ese lapso histórico-social, pues se manifestó la fragilidad del turismo como actividad económica dependiente, lo cual tiene un efecto directo y perjudicial sobre los trabajadores que ocupan la parte más baja de la estructura laboral del sector turístico.
Técnicas de evaluación de flujos de inversión: mitos y realidades
Authors: Solé Madrigal Roberto
Published: November 2022

Siendo que el objetivo principal en la evaluación de proyectos es el de comparar los beneficios (ahorros netos) proyectados con su correspondiente flujo de inversión, a través de las últimas décadas se ha hecho cada vez más imperioso, poder contar con técnicas de evaluación consistentes que permitan al evaluador financiero claramente interpretarlas hacia una decisión acertada. Administradores, financieros y economistas se han abocado a desarrollar y/o a perfeccionar dichas técnicas, pero muchos de esos esfuerzos han sido en vano, pues se ha ignorado que algunas de ellas provienen de estructuras netamente matemáticas, cuyas interpretaciones financieras carecen de sentido, tal y como se demostrará en esta investigación. Como el lector lo verá a lo largo de este artículo, y aunque algunas técnicas presentan algunas mejores bondades que otras al evaluar rentabilidades en los flujos de inversión o en los proyectos, está claro que no existe una única técnica capaz de resolver satisfactoriamente todos los problemas que se presentan en la práctica, lo cual será demostrado mediante enfoques matemático-financieros. Ciertamente algunas métricas se complementan unas con otras, y deberán ser utilizadas según el contexto del proyecto que se esté evaluando.
La segregación social como determinante del desarroll o urbano. Barrios cerrados y autosegregación en las ciudades de San José y Heredia, Costa Rica
Authors: Pujol M. Rosendo , Sánchez Leonardo , Pérez Eduardo
Published: November 2022

En este artículo, se describen cuantitativamente los patrones de concentración de condominios en las ciudades de San José y Heredia, Costa Rica (en el año 2007) mediante la estimación de la I de Moran global y local (usando un indicador lis a). La ciudades fueron también analizadas en términos de segregación residencial; para cada distrito, se estimaron índices de igualdad, exposición y concentración, incluyendo correcciones por el área, forma y frontera de los segmentos censales que componen cada unidad, para grupos de altos y bajos ingresos. Estos índices, en conjunto con determinantes auxiliares (tasas de homicidios, ingresos y accesibilidad), fueron empleados para evaluar su influencia como determinantes de la localización de condominios residenciales. Los modelos fueron estimados empleando regresiones geográficamente ponderadas para reflejar las variaciones espaciales en parámetros y estadísticos. El análisis permite demostrar la fuerte influencia de los patrones de segregación sobre la localización de condominios en San José y Heredia.
Atesoramiento de liquidez en grandes empresas. una discusión teórica
Authors: Pérez Artica Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

La reciente crisis económica internacional trajo consigo también una acumulación de activos líquidos entre las corporaciones no financieras de países desarrollados cuyas proporciones atrajeron la atención de analistas y académicos. Aquí se ofrece una discussion de los principales argumentos teóricos con que la literature financier ha pretendido explicar dicho atesoramiento. Se procura para ello confeccionar un marco histórico de referencia que dé cuenta de la dinámica cíclica de este atesoramiento en el período previo a 1980 y de los antecedentes que éste encontró en materia de modalidades de crecimiento corporativo.
Capital intelectual e innovación: una sinergia necesaria
Authors: Ugalde Binda Nadia
Published: November 2022

Muchos estudios se han hecho para medir el capital intelectual de las empresas, pero pocos demuestran su relación con la creación de ventajas competitivas que se transformen en utilidades. Existe el convencimiento general de que la sobrevivencia de las compañías y su capacidad de generar utilidades están muy vinculadas a su habilidad de reinventarse. Afortunadamente la innovación no proviene necesariamente de altas inversiones en investigación, su fuente principal es el capital intelectual que mejora los productos y servicios y la eficiencia en el uso de los recursos. En el presente trabajo se ha recopilado información sobre el capital intelectual y estudios anteriores sobre factores de éxito relacionados con la innovación. Convertir el capital intelectual en una ventaja competitiva y las innovaciones en utilidades debe ser la meta de toda empresa.
Análisis del proceso negociador desarrollado entre representantes del gobierno de Costa Rica y los sindicatos en el marco de la comisión de alto nivel instaurada en el año 1995
Authors: Román Díaz Miguel
Published: November 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de negociación política que tuvo lugar entre los representantes del gobierno de Costa Rica y sus contrapartes sindicales en 1995. Los objetivos del estudio son: 1) Determinar los propósitos de las partes involucradas en el proceso de negociación. 2) Analizar los diferentes aspectos que determinaron el resultado de la negociación. 3) Identificar las consecuencias que tuvo la negociación para cada una de las partes. El estudio concluye que la negociación desarrollada en 1995, se concentró en dos temas principales: la reforma de la Ley de Pensiones y de Jubilaciones del Magisterio Nacional y la reforma del Estado. También que la negociación es una oportunidad para que los diferentes sectores y grupos de interés que integran una sociedad, puedan consensuar acuerdos políticos para resolver los problemas de manera efectiva.
La migración internacional y la desigualdad económica en las comunidades rurales: una valoración
Authors: Salas Alfaro Renato
Published: November 2022

Está investigación analiza a partir de una comunidad oaxaqueña, la desigualdad económica que se vive en comunidades rurales de México. Dada la amplia práctica migratoria internacional en este país, se enfatiza el efecto que ejercen las remesas internacionales sobre la desigualdad. Mediante la técnica de descomposición del coeficiente de gini, se examinan el comportamiento y la distribución de los ingresos y la riqueza en un tercio hogares de una comunidad del estado de Oaxaca. Los resultados encontrados muestran que ésta presenta alta desigualdad económica y que las remesas contribuyen en esto; mediante incremento del ingreso en los hogares y en cuanto medio de acumulación de activos. Por otro lado, refutan la idea de inexistencia de desigualdad en comunidades indígenas, que plantean algunos indigenistas (Bonfil, 1994; Bartra, 1993) y apoyan la hipótesis de que una reciente migración induce desigualdad económica en las comunidades rurales (Stark, Taylor and Yitzhaki, 1986).
Approach to Software Integration of Heterogeneous Sources of Medical Data Based on Microservice Architecture
Authors: Yusupova Nafisa , Vorobeva Gulnara , Zulkarneev Rustem
Published: November 2022

The task of processing medical information is currently being solved in our country and abroad by means of heterogeneous medical information systems, mainly at the local and regional levels. The ever-increasing volume and complexity of the accumulated information, along with the need to ensure transparency and continuity in the processing of medical data (in particular, for bronchopulmonary diseases) in various organizations, requires the development of a new approach to integrating their heterogeneous sources. At the same time, an important requirement for solving the problem is the possibility of web-oriented implementation, which will make the corresponding applications available to a wide range of users without high requirements for their hardware and software capabilities. The paper considers an approach to the integration of heterogeneous sources of medical information, which is based on the principles of building microservice web architectures. Each data processing module can be used independently of other program modules, providing a universal entry point and the resulting data set in accordance with the accepted data schema. Sequential execution of processing steps implies the transfer of control to the corresponding program modules in the background according to the Cron principle. The schema declares two types of data schemas - local (from medical information systems) and global (for a single storage system), between which the corresponding display parameters are provided according to the principle of constructing XSLT tables. An important distinguishing feature of the proposed approach is the modernization of the medical information storage system, which consists in creating mirror copies of the main server with periodic replication of the relevant information. At the same time, the interaction between clients and data storage servers is carried out according to the type of content delivery systems with the creation of a connection session between end points based on the principle of the nearest distance between them, calculated using the haversine formula. The computational experiments carried out on test data on bronchopulmonary diseases showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach both for loading data and for obtaining them by individual users and software systems. Overall, the reactivity score of the corresponding web-based applications was improved by 40% on a stable connection.
Data Generation for Modeling Attacks on UAVs for the Purpose of Testing Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Basan Elena , Peskova Olga , Silin Oleg , Basan Alexander , Abramov Evgeniy
Published: November 2022

Today, issues related to ensuring the safety of UAVs are very relevant. Researchers need to develop new protection methods to detect attacks in a timely manner and implement mitigation measures. The authors propose a new concept of attack detection "from inside" the UAV. The idea is to analyze the cyber-physical parameters of the UAV, which may indicate an attack, and its possible consequences. It was determined that to detect an attack and determine the consequences to which it can lead, it is necessary to control not only the initial parameters, but also the internal cyber-physical parameters of the UAV. This will allow predicting the possible consequences of an attack and taking emergency measures. A scheme of the impact of an attack on UAVs and the relationship with security incidents, built using an ontological approach, has been worked out. Two main essences of the UAV are considered - the physical and digital aspects of the UAV. Examples of chains of attacks leading to various consequences are also shown. In the review part, the analysis of methods and algorithms for detecting spoofing attacks using data generators is carried out, based on which conclusions are drawn about their advantages and disadvantages. Further, based on the experiments performed, the authors propose a method for assessing the quality of data and a method for generating anomalous data sets similar to real attack data, which can be used to develop and test methods for detecting and blocking attacks. The architecture of the experimental stand, which was used in the framework of full-scale simulation, is described. At this stand, designed to parse GPS spoofing attacks (GPS spoofing), several scenarios of a normal flight, and then several attack scenarios, were tested. Based on the results of the experiments, a method has been proposed that allows simulating the data corresponding to the attack with the required accuracy. A method for assessing the quality of fake data has also been proposed.
Pathways for older patients in acute situations and involved actors' experiences of decision-making in ambulatory care
Authors:   ,   Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Forsgärde Elin-Sofie
Published: November 2022

Aim: The overall aim was to describe and compare pathways for older patients and the involved actors’ experiences of decision-making in acute situations in ambulatory care. Methods: The overall three-fold design, comprising exploratory, descriptive as well as comparative ones, was conducted inductively, including a mixed method with a convergent integrated approach to empirical data. The four involved studies were analysed using either quantitative or qualitative analysis methods. Results: Most older patients’ pathways when being assessed by ambulance personnel involved receiving care at hospitals. However, an increasing trend of non-conveyance to hospitals was identified during a five-year period (2014–2018), which means receiving care, for example, at home or primary healthcare (PHC) centres. Decision-making about the level-of-care for older patients was more or less uncertain for all involved actors, i.e. older patients, significant others and healthcare professionals such as ambulance personnel, registered nurses, specialists in general practice at PHC centres and community health nurses. To increase the level of certainty in the decision-making process, all actors was supported by both an individual and external dialogue. Individual dialogue gave support by using own experience and knowledge. For ambulance personnel and community health nurses, support was also partially gained from decision support tools but was regarded as insufficient when older patients had non-specific symptoms. External dialogue provided support through mutuality, and via collaboration, a common goal, trust and responsibility. Mutuality gave support through experience and knowledge being shared with all involved actors, which provided a common comprehensive understanding that facilitated consensus in the decision-making. Conclusion: The increasing level of non-conveyance to hospitals and uncertainty during decision-making highlights the need to develop and extend the availability of dialogue-based collaborations as support in ambulatory care. Dialogue-based support involves all actors contributing to the decision-making. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the prerequisites and the support that mutuality in external dialogues brings. Healthcare organisations need to develop and extend dialogue-based collaboration in ambulatory care by combining different expertise and providing conditions to increase support in decisions adapted to older patients' needs.
Sonotoki
Authors: Belantara Amanda
Published: November 2022

This film takes inspiration from the work of Kon Wajiro,- an architect, ethnologist and sociologist who created detailed sketches of everyday life on the streets of Tokyo in the 1920s. Shot in Aomori City, Japan in the depths of winter, Sonotoki captures fleeting movements through the snowy streets as they play out before a static camera. Humans are made of generations of cycles; each leaving subtle indications that are part of an inexpressible whole.
Torna-te indivíduo: a noção de si e do outro no laço social capitalista
Authors: Silva Daniel Pereira da
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este ensaio se dirige a um campo lacunar na crítica da economia política: o estudo e a disputa da noção de pessoa no laço social capitalista. Com esse intento, trazemos ‘o indivíduo’ ao foco, defendendo a ideia de que ele configura uma instituição capitalista, isto é, uma regra de pensamento sobre si e sobre os outros que dá consistência à sociedade. Mostramos, então, que essa consistência pode ser percebida na própria análise que Marx faz do capitalismo, uma vez que o preenchimento histórico do sentido do trabalho e a lógica dos conteúdos da mercadoria exigem a produção de sujeitos essencialmente heterônomos, submissos e eivados pela desigualdade. O indivíduo é, assim, reconfigurado, posto no lugar de uma solução de compromisso que propaga um discurso oposto: o de que nossa individualidade é uma marca aparente de autonomia, independência, igualdade e liberdade.
PSICOLOGIA ESCOLAR: INTERLOCUÇÃO ENTRE AS REFERÊNCIAS TÉCNICAS E PUBLICAÇÕES DE PRÁTICAS
Authors: Vieira Derik , Caldas Roseli Fernandes Lins
Published: November 2022

RESUMO: Neste artigo discorremos sobre a interlocução entre as “Referências Técnicas para a Atuação de Psicólogas(os) na Educação Básica”, documento publicado pelo Conselho Federal de Psicologia, e as publicações de práticas em Psicologia Escolar, considerando as contribuições da área aos processos educacionais que produzem desenvolvimento humano. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica sistemática no período de 2009 a 2019 visando identificar a correspondência entre as publicações de práticas de psicólogas(os) no contexto escolar e as propostas apontadas nas Referências Técnicas. O método aplicado foi de Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática, utilizando-se dos descritores: Psicologia Escolar, Atuação do Psicólogo Escolar e Prática do Psicólogo Escolar. As bases de dados consultadas foram: SciELO, LILACS e CAPES. Concluímos que há exemplos importantes de práticas realizadas no contexto de ensino e aprendizagem que podem servir de referência para diversas intervenções e que se coadunam com as Referências Técnicas.
Simultaneous relocation strategy of bromeliads as epiphytes or terricolous in the Montane Dense Ombrophilous Forest of Parque Estadual da Cantareira, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Authors: Nievola Catarina Carvalho , Kanashiro Shoey , Tamaki Vivian , Guardia Marina Crestana , Suzuki Rogério Mamoru , Costa Janaina Pinheiro , Baptista Waldyr , Cachenco Mônica Valéria , Shidomi Yoshito , Santos Junior Nelson Augusto dos
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Plant relocation resulting from vegetation removal is an important conservation strategy. This work aimed to investigate the simultaneous relocation of the bromeliads Aechmea distichantha Lem. and Wittrockia cyathiformis (Vell.) Leme in epiphytic and terricolous form. These bromeliads were rescued from deforested areas due to the construction of a highway. Both were fixed onto tree trunks or pitchforks or in the soil in a Montane Dense Ombrophilous Forest area of Parque da Estadual Cantareira, São Paulo State, Brazil. After one year A. distichantha maintained 100% survival rate, when transplanted in terricolous and 83.33 % in epiphytic form, while W. cyathiformis was 60% for both relocation forms. We concluded that both bromeliad species could be simultaneously relocated as epiphytes or terricolous. Direct relocation to the ground guarantees practicality, as it is difficult to find trees with forks located at small heights from the ground in which the manual fixing of the plant could be done without equipment.
South American Regionalism between Brazil and Venezuela: Divergences during the Lula and Hugo Chávez Administrations
Authors: Nogara Tiago Soares
Published: November 2022

Abstract In the first decade of the 21st century, South America’s political landscape was marked by the rise of genuinely multilateral groups from the region that were organised on the margins of the OAS (Organization of American States), such as CASA (South American Community of Nations) and UNASUR (Union of South American Nations). Although this process has been widely portrayed in the literature on politics and regional integration, less attention has been paid to the differences between the protagonists of these arrangements. The present article’s main point is that Brazil and Venezuela played a leading role in that mobilization process, respectively under the administrations of Lula and Chávez. It argues that, despite ideological convergences and occasional alliances, there was a clash observed between the two leaders that entailed different conceptions of regional projects which polarised South American politics at the time.
Myles na gCopaleen’s 'Column Bawn' in the Sunday Dispatch: Some Archaeological Notes
Authors: Ó Méalóid Pádraig
Published: November 2022

An investigation into Myles na gCopaleen’s uncollected 'Column Bawn' in the Sunday Dispatch in1952.
Exothermic synthesis of ceramic materials based on the system Zn2SiO4‒RO (R ― Ba, Sr)‒Al2O3‒SiO2
Authors: Podbolotov K. B.
Published: November 2022

The synthesis of ceramic materials in the Zn2SiO4‒RO (R ― Ba, Sr)‒Al2O3‒SiO2 system was carried out using the technology of exothermic synthesis from solutions including zinc, barium and strontium nitrates, silica and organic reducing agent (glycine and carbamide). It is shown that the implementation of an exothermic process followed by calcination at a temperature of 1000 °C contributes to the formation of crystalline phases of willemite (Zn2SiO4), barium aluminosilicates (BaAl2Si2O8) and strontium (SrAl2Si2O8). The dependence of the quantitative phase composition and parameters of the elementary cells of the crystalline phases is established. Sintering of synthesized materials occurs at a temperature of 1275 °C. The dielectric permittivity of sintered materials is 5,33‒6,06 and the tangent of the dielectric loss angle is 1,5·10‒3‒3,16·10‒3 at a frequency of 1 MHz, the minimum values correspond to ceramics based on the Zn2SiO4‒BaAl2Si2O8‒SrAl2Si2O8 triple system. Ill. 5. Ref. 19. Tab. 2.
Features of forming hollow spherical ceramic products by centrifugal casting
Authors: Gumbatalieva E. E. , Dyatlova Ya. G.
Published: November 2022

The dependence of wall thickness of hollow ceramic raw body formed by hot casting under the action of centrifugal forces on casting mode is explored. The phenomenon of thickening and thinning of the walls on adjacent octants of spheroid received by simultaneous rotation around the vertical and horizontal axes is experimentally discovered and theoretically explained. Ill. 5. Ref. 7. Tab. 3.
Possibility of using unshaped thermal insulation of aluminum alloy castings
Authors: Kashcheev I. D. , Finkel’shteyn A. B. , Glyzina A. E. , Shefer A. A. , Shak A. V. , Silivanov V. D.
Published: November 2022

The possibility of using diatomite from the Ilyinsky deposit as an unshaped thermal insulation for open risers of castings from aluminum alloys of different alloying systems: technical aluminum A5, AK7, AMg10, VAL10 has been studied. It was found that when the continuity of the oxide film on the surface of a diatomite particle is broken, an exchange reaction occurs with the formation of a silicon transition layer. Since silicon is wetted by aluminum, the diatomite particle sinks in the melt, forming a blockage. As a criterion for the continuity of the oxide film, it is proposed to use the Pilling‒Badworth factor of the alloy components. It has been shown that a high level of the Pilling‒Badworth factor, even at a low content of the component (~ 1 %), leads to the formation of blockages. Ill. 6. Ref. 12. Tab. 1.
A Bumpy Road to Bright Goals: North Korea's Approach to Implementing the 2030 Agenda and Prospects for International Cooperation
Authors:   MGIMO-University, Zakharova Liudmila
Published: November 2022

One of the issues on the national agenda of low-income developing countries is the formulation of their own sustainable development strategies. The United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is an important benchmark and road map for achieving this goal. At the same time, local specifics have an impact on the approaches, methods and possibilities for achieving the declared goals in each particular state. This study analyzes the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s (DPRK) Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda, official North Korean statements, and Russian and foreign academic and analytical publications in order to outline North Korea's approach to localizing the sustainable development goals (SDGs), identify problems arising in this process, and highlight prospects for international cooperation. Methods of comparative and content analysis were used in the research. It is maintained that, in search of its own strategy, the DPRK’s leadership is trying to use international experience by integrating the SDGs into national development plans. North Korean specifics lie in reformulating global SDGs according to the national narrative of local-style socialism construction, the decisive role of the state in the development and implementation of actual plans, a formal approach to the implementation of some SDGs, and a focus on economic self-sufficiency as a guarantee of sustainable development. Despite the need for external assistance to achieve the main national SDGs, at present, the possibilities for international cooperation with the DPRK are significantly limited. The implementation of joint initiatives or assistance projects requires both obtaining permission from the UN Security Council 1718 Sanctions Committee and opening the borders of North Korea, which have been closed due to the coronavirus pandemic. However, given the global scope of the tasks set out in the 2030 Agenda, it is highly likely that in the medium and long term the DPRK will resume international cooperation in key areas of sustainable development—agriculture, health care, access to clean drinking water and sanitation, and climate change, as well as energy and transport infrastructure modernization. The main partners in this cooperation can be international organizations and neighbouring Russia and China.
Representation of the Value Orientations of a Stranger Depending on the Method of the Face Imaging
Authors: Barabanschikov V.A. , Shunto A.S.
Published: November 2022

The observers’ ideas about the value orientations of visual communicants were experimentally studied. The subjects were sequentially presented in random order with the faces of people depicted in photographs and artistic portraits. It was required, on the basis of a list of terminal and instrumental value orientations (M. Rokeach), first to evaluate one’s own beliefs, then the demonstrated characters. It is shown that the integral profiles of value ideas about personalities depicted in portraits and photos are well matched, have a similar structure and similar scores. The beliefs of characters in portraits are statistically higher than those in photographs. The effect is preserved when the values are differentiated by categories. Significant differences were obtained in relation to the following values: terminal values — Cognition, Mature love, Material wellbeing, Beauty, Happy family life, Pleasures; instrumental — Goodupbringing, Education, Diligence, Tolerance, Sensitivity, Cheerfulness. The observers’ ideas about their own values differ significantly from the value orientations of the depicted people and have little effect on their assessments.
The Observer’s Individual Psychological Characteristics in Connection with Evaluation of Trust/Distrust of a Stranger from Video
Authors: Diveev D.A.
Published: November 2022

This article investigates the individual psychological characteristics of an observer evaluating a stranger for trust/distrust in him from video clips. The perceived person participates in various communicative situations: 1) passing; 2) exam; 3) psychological counselling. 128 people took part in the study, students of MIP and GAUGN, 8 people acted as models. The subjects were consistently shown all three communicative situations. The overall evaluation of trust/distrust in them was measured. As a result of the study, it was shown that a third of the psychological characteristics of the observer, measured by the “personal differential” method, affect the parameter of trust/distrust in a stranger. Those who evaluate themselves more conscientiously, more fairly, friendlier, stronger, more determined, more confident, more sociable, more open, active, calm, relaxed and independent, trust more.
Facial Cues to Physical Strength in Tuvans
Authors: Mezentseva A.A. , Rostovtseva V.V. , Demidov A.A. , Butovskaya M.L.
Published: November 2022

This experimental study presents a comprehensive analysis of men’s and women’s facial traits signaling physical strength. The study was conducted among the Tuvans, in the populations from the southern and south-western regions of the Tuva republic. At the first stage of the study, we have identified the male and female facial traits which are objectively related to physical strength. According to the results of geometric and morphometric analysis, facial shape was associated with physical strength in both men (p <0.00) and women (p <0.00). Moreover, the facial areas associated with physical strength have a similar shape in men and women. In order to assess the ability of the Tuvans to recognize physical strength via facial images, we created portraits of men and women morphed according to the physical strength criterion and presented them for evaluation. The evaluators were Mangun-Taiga Tuvans of both sexes. The results showed that raters of the same origin, Mongun-Taiga Tuvans of both sexes, regardless of age, accurately recognize physical strength through men’s, but not women’s, portraits. The results obtained are discussed from the perspective of evolutionary theory.
The Role of Verbal Representation Level in Decision Making under Uncertain Categorization
Authors: Sudorgina Y.V. , Kotova T.N. , Kotov A.A.
Published: November 2022

In this study we replicated (N=77) the effect of a decision making under uncertain categorization (i.e. basing the decision on a few categories simultaneously): when uncertainty was high, participants considered a few categories for a decision more often than when uncertainty was low, therefore, they made rational decisions more often [6]. Moreover, in Chen and colleagues’ study making rational decisions was not affected by the framing of category information. In the next part of our study (N=134) we further measured participants’ level of verbal representation using a scale from adapted version of Internal Representation Questionnaire [14] and found a relationship between framing of the task and rational decisions. Low level of verbal representation was followed by the greatest number of rational decisions in tasks with the choice frame, whereas middle and high levels of verbal representation were accompanied by the biggest number of rational decisions in tasks with the category frame. Since the level of verbal representation did not directly influence on the quantity of rational decisions, we proposed that verbal representation is connected with shifting attention either on categorical differences or on information about decision consequences during decision making process.
On the Adequacy of Psychophysical Measurements
Authors: Romanchuk V.M.
Published: November 2022

The laws of Fechner and Stevens are the main psychophysical laws. The difficulty lies in the fact that the laws of Fechner and Stevens do not coincide. There are many ways to explain this contradiction. But the problem of the adequacy of psychophysical measurements has not been solved. The fact is that Fechner and Stevens define the method of measurement differently. But only the definition of Stevens is taken as a basis in the representative theory of measurements, which was developed initially as a theory of psychophysical measurements. There are a number of shortcomings in the representative theory. In particular, there is no built — in mechanism for verifying the adequacy of measurement results. Therefore, there are doubts about the quantitative nature of psychological attributes. And the question remains unresolved: what to do with Fechner’s law. In order to develop a quantitative measurement theory, a rating theory was proposed. From the standpoint of the rating theory, both psychophysical laws are equal and differ in the way of measurement. It is shown that the measurement results obtained by different methods are equivalent in a certain sense. The theoretical justification of equivalence is the isomorphism of algebraic structures. Such a solution to the Fechner-Stevens problem is constructive since it contains the possibility of experimental verification of the adequacy of the measurement results. An example of subjective measurement is considered in different ways. The example includes a procedure for checking adequacy.
Topology Optimization in Hybrid Tree/Mesh-based Peer-to-Peer Streaming System
Authors: Ha Tran Thi Thu , Kim Jinsul , Park Jaehyung , Yoon Sunghyun , Ryu Ho-Yong
Published: November 2022

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) video streaming is the fastest growing application of the Internet. One of the main challenge is to provide a high quality of service through the dynamic behavior of the network because a peer may join or leave anytime. Currently, P2P streaming network exist two types of users: streaming users - who use mobile devices with 3G/4G connection expect to watch the live video immediately and storage users - who use PC with wired Internet will download and then watch the video later. We realized that the streaming users may stop watching live video after a while if they find the video is out of their interest. Users leaving causes dynamic and affect the data delivery. On the other hand, the storage users that are downloading the video do not have the concern of interest and playback quality, until they start to watch the video. Hence, the storage users are relatively more stable than streaming users. This paper, we investigate the strategies on the topology construction and maintenance of P2P streaming systems with storage users are closer to the broadcaster than streaming users. And also we apply our idea on hybrid push-pull protocol that combines the benefits of pull and push mechanisms for live video delivery to provide better video streaming quality
A Driving Path Based Opportunistic Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Authors: Mirjazaee Nassim , Moghim Neda
Published: November 2022

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks is a promising technologythat can widely apply to monitor the physical world in urban areas.Efficient data delivery is important in these networks and optimalroute selection is vital to improve this factor. Vehicular mobility isa reflection of human social activity and human trajectories show ahigh degree of temporal and spatial regularity. Therefore, vehiculardriving paths are predictable in a large extent. A new opportunisticrouting protocol (DPOR) is proposed in this study that uses drivingpath predictability and vehicular distribution in its route selectionprocedure. This protocol is composed of two phases: intersectionand next hop selection phases. A utility function is calculated toselect the next intersection and a new mechanism is also proposedfor the next hop selection phase. Simulation results show thatDPOR achieves high delivery ratio and low end-to-end delay in thenetwork.
A fair access mechanism based on TXOP in IEEE 802.11e wireless networks
Authors: Yazdani Marjan , Kamali Maryam , Moghim Neda , Ghazvini Mahdieh
Published: November 2022

IEEE 802.11e is an extension of IEEE 802.11 that provides Quality of Service (QoS) for the applications with different service requirements. This standard makes use of several parameters such as contention window; inter frame space time and transmission opportunity to create service differentiation in the network. Transmission opportunity (TXOP), that is the focus point of this paper, is the time interval, during which a station is allowed to transmit packets without any contention. As the fixed amounts of TXOPs are allocated to different stations, unfairness appears in the network. And when users with different data rates exist, IEEE 802.11e WLANs face the lack of fairness in the network. Because the higher data rate stations transfer more data than the lower rate ones. Several mechanisms have been proposed to solve this problem by generating new TXOPs adaptive to the network's traffic condition. In this paper, some proposed mechanisms are evaluated and according to their evaluated strengths and weaknesses, a new mechanism is proposed for TXOP determination in IEEE 802.11e wireless networks. Our new algorithm considers data rate, channel error rate and data packet lengths to calculate adaptive TXOPs for the stations. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm leads to better fairness and also higher throughput and lower delays in the network.