bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF THE SEDATIVE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ANESTHETICS IN COREGONUS PELED (GMELIN, 1789) IN AQUACULTURE
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО Иркутский ГАУ, Толмачева Ю.П , Борисова Е.И. ,   Шелеховский ветеринарный диагностический центр, Дзюба Е.В. ,   ФГБУН Лимнологический институт СО РАН, Суханова Л.В. ,   ФГБУН Лимнологический институт СО РАН, Небесных И.А ,   ФГБОУ ВО Иркутский ГАУ, Демьянович И.А. ,   ФГБОУ ВО Иркутский ГАУ, Демьянович К.А.
Published: December 2023

The sedative effect of four anesthetic agents in whitefish has been studied. It is shown that the action of anesthetics causes a number of consistent behavioral and physiological reactions in fish, reflecting the change in the state of their body. For most technological fish-breeding processes, it is necessary for fish to stay in a state of muscle relaxation while maintaining respiratory rhythm. These requirements are met by the sedation stage, which is observed with all types of anesthesia in peled. It has been established that the use of some of the tested drugs is incorrect in anesthesia in general in whitefish and in pelage in particular. Thus, the use of sodium thiopental is unacceptable, due to the uncontrolled suppression of the respiratory function of fish under the action of this agent. The use of lidocaine is characterized by prolonged induction, which does not correspond to the temporary norms of fish anesthesia. Among the tested drugs, propofol has sufficient anesthetic efficacy, which is confirmed by the temporary indicators of induction/ recovery, the depth and manageability of anesthesia, and low indicators of respiratory depression. Eugenol can serve as an alternative to propofol, which is cost-effective when working with mass material that requires large financial costs. In general, the choice of anesthetic and the adjustment of its doses depend on the specific task facing the fish breeder-ichthyopathologist.
SHINE AND POVERTY OF AQUACULTURE
Authors:   НИЛ «Центр агробиотехнологии», Чистяков В.А. , Миралимова Ш.М. ,   Институт микробиологии Академии Наук Республики Узбекистан, Пепоян А.З. ,   Отдел безопасности пищевых продуктов и биотехнологий Армянский национальный аграрный университет,   Международная ассоциация улучшения здоровья человека и животных, Брень А.Б. ,   НИЛ «Центр агробиотехнологии»,   Академия биологии и биотехнологии, Южный федеральный университет
Published: December 2023

It is believed that the main goal of aquaculture is to provide the growing humanity with nutritious food. Meanwhile, modern technologies of crop production, microbial synthesis and food biotechnology make it possible to achieve this goal in less costly ways. The quality of plant protein from a number of sources is as good as that of fish, shellfish and arthropods. Unsaturated fatty acids and the most valuable vitamins in aquaculture products are of microbial origin. Thus, the real purpose of commercial aquaculture is to satisfy people's need for gourmet food. From an economic point of view, this means that the luxury fragment of the market is the most promising.
EXPERIENCE IN THE EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF GENETIC METHODS AT THE TROUT BREEDING PLANT "ADLER": FARMING OF INTERGENERIC HYBRIDS, TRIPLOIDS AND ALL-FEMALE OFFSPRING
Authors:   Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова Российской Академии Наук, Артамонова В.С. , Кондратенко Я.В. ,   АО «Племенной форелеводческий завод «Адлер», Махров А.А. ,   Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова Российской Академии Наук, Пегливанян С.М. ,   АО «Племенной форелеводческий завод «Адлер», Рольская К.С. ,   Полярный филиал “Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии”, Рольский А.Ю. ,   Полярный филиал “Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии”, Степанова А.Н. ,   АО «Племенной форелеводческий завод «Адлер», Степанова Е.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный технический университет», Янковская В.А. ,   АО «Племенной форелеводческий завод «Адлер»
Published: December 2023

. В работе подведены итоги многолетних производственных экспериментов по использованию генетических методов для повышения эффективности форелеводства. На первом этапе работы были получены жизнеспособные триплоидные гибриды радужной форели породы адлерская янтарная и кумжи, которые нашли применение в качестве декоративных рыб. На втором этапе велись эксперименты по получению триплоидов радужной форели; в результате найден режим воздействия высоким давлением на икру, при котором доля триплоидных особей составила 100 %. На третьем этапе работы отработана методика получения групп рыб, состоящих только из самок; в сочетании с триплоидизацией этот метод позволяет получить рыб с неразвитыми гонадами, которые не «лошают» и не замедляют рост из-за созревания.
WATER POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACT ON THE CONDITION OF FISH
Authors:   Донской государственный технический университет, Беседина А.В.
Published: December 2023

This article explores the issue of water pollution and its impact on the quality of fish. The authors draw attention to the level of water pollution due to industrial emissions, agriculture and other anthropogenic factors. They analyze the environment representing the fish ponds and evaluate the levels of various pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastics and other substances in the water.
AQUACULTURE AS A SOURCE OF DANGER OF BIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC POLLUTION OF NATURAL RESERVOIRS.
Authors:   1Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук», Гуськов Г.Е.
Published: December 2023

Due to the growing anthropogenic load on the ichthyofauna of natural reservoirs and due to the gradual depletion of natural aquatic biological resources, the question of the widespread development of aquaculture, in particular mariculture, is becoming increasingly acute. However, non-compliance with the developed measures to regulate the introduction of aquaculture objects can negatively affect the ichthyocenosis of natural reservoirs and even contribute to the extinction of certain species of native ichthyofauna.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FEEDS FOR TREPANG MARICULTURE
Authors:   Тихоокеанский филиал ФГБНУ «ВНИРО», Кадникова И.А. , Аминина Н.М. ,   Тихоокеанский филиал ФГБНУ «ВНИРО», Дзизюров В.Д. ,   Тихоокеанский филиал ФГБНУ «ВНИРО», Сухин И.Ю. ,   Тихоокеанский филиал ФГБНУ «ВНИРО»
Published: December 2023

The article presents data on biotechnology for manufacture of feed for different stages of development sea cucumber in the factory conditions. The regime of multi-cycle cultivation of three species of microalgae Isochrisys galbana, Dunaliella salina, Chaetoceros muelleri, Phaeodactylum tricornutum with sequential start of cycles is used for continuous provision of live food for larvae trepang. A fermented mixture consisting of red algae Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis, brown algae Saccharina japonica and the sea grass Zostera marina is recommended as the basis for starter and production feeds for juvenile trepang. Use of starter feed of fermented mixtures in industrial conditions increases mass of young trepang by 5,4 times, producton – by 5,9 times. Recommendations have been developed on the use of feeds based on fermented macrophytes for the industrial cultivation of juvenile sea cucumber of different stages of development.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS AND BREEDING OF AQUARIUM FISH
Authors:   Донской государственный технический университет, Ковальчук Д.Ю. , Ахмедов Р.А. ,   Донской государственный технический университет
Published: December 2023

Genetics and fish breeding are important areas of science that allow you to create new species and improve existing ones. In this article we will talk about the basic principles and methods that are used in the genetics and breeding of aquarium fish.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF STUDIES ON ARTIFICIAL TRIPLOIDIZATION OF WHITEFISH
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии, Лютиков А.А. , Костюничев В.В. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии, Голотин В.А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии, Вылка М.М. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии
Published: December 2023

Obtaining triploid fish in modern aquaculture is aimed to solve the problem of growth reduction during the maturation of cultivated objects. Our study shows a fundamental possibility of triploidization of whitefish from Coregonidae family (in particular Stenodus leucichthys nelma) with the use the hydrostatic shock. The triploidization experiment included a control and five experimental timepoints within a time period of 204-476 degree-minutes after fertilization. In each of them inseminated nelma eggs were placed under hydrostatic pressure of 650 bar for 5 minutes with a time interval of 68 degree minutes. The most effective protocol for obtaining nelma triploids was established at 340 degree minutes after insemination that made it possible to obtain a triploidization rate close to 100% according to flow cytometry results. The best survival among experimental nelma eggs was 34.6%, however, this is significantly less than in the control (61.0%). The growth rate of obtained triploid and diploid were comparable, however, the survival rate in triploids was lower: 44.5% (55.6% in diploids) with a 6-times higher incidence of skeletal deformities. Disturbances in skeleton development are expressed generally in the caudal spine curvature and jaw deformation.
APPLICATION OF PIEZOACTUATORS IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PRESERVATION OF FISH REPRODUCTIVE CELLS
Authors:   Донской государственный технический университет, Матросов А.А. , Соловьев А.Н. ,   Донской государственный технический университет, Нижник Д.А. ,   Донской государственный технический университет, Пономарева Е.Н. ,   Донской государственный технический университет,   2Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук, Рудой Д.В. , Мальцева Т.А. ,   Донской государственный технический университет
Published: December 2023

The work is devoted to the further development of a viable technology for intelligent control of the freezing process during low-temperature preservation of fish reproductive cells, in particular sturgeon. For this purpose, mathematical modeling of acoustic-mechanical impact on biological objects has been performed. Within the framework of continuum mechanics the main boundary problems have been formulated.
THE PROBLEM OF ASSESSING WATER QUALITY IN THE CULTIVATION OF STURGEON IN THE USV
Authors:   Донской государственный технический университет, Нейдорф А.Р. , Морозова М.А. ,   Донской государственный технический университет, Оганисян М.М. ,   Донской государственный технический университет
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the results of the analysis of microbiological indicators of water quality in the basins of the UZV. The analysis of pool water was carried out according to 8 indicators (HPV, E. coli, generalized coliform bacteria, spores of sulfite-reducing clostridium, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeromonas, Pseudomonas). Pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance factors of isolated strains of pathogenic aeromonads and pseudomonads were determined
ANALYSIS OF THE PROCESS OF GRAIN MATERIAL SEPARATION NOT SOLVED MILL
Authors:   ИП Романов, Назаров В. А. , Нечаева Т. А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет, Ильина Л. А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет, Ковальчук М. И. ,   ИП Романов
Published: December 2023

The article presents a comparative analysis of the effect of probiotic preparations "Vetom 2" and "LiquaFeed". Rainbow trout yearlings were fed probiotics Vetom 2 at a dosage of 5 g/kg of feed and LiquaFeed at a dosage of 2 g/kg of feed. Two courses of preventive feeding lasting 10 days each were conducted. Analysis of the results of experimental work showed a significant increase in body weight and growth rate in the experimental groups. The absolute increase in the experiment is 1.4 - 1.7 times higher than in the control. At the same time, the maximum indicators for almost all significant morpho-biological indicators were found in fish treated with the LiquaFeed probiotic. The relative growth rate in this group is 1.2 times higher than in the control.
ON THE PROBLEM OF THE QUALITY OF FISH OIL IN THE PRODUCTION OF FEED AND OBTAINING HIGH-GRADE FISH PRODUCTS IN AQUACULTURE
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии, Остроумова И.Н. , Лютиков А. А. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии, Шумилина А. К. ,   Санкт-Петербургский филиал Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института рыбного хозяйства и океанографии
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of determining the degree of oxidation of veterinary fish oil and feed lipids with its inclusion. A wide range of fluctuations in peroxide numbers from normal to sharply increased was noted. The level of acid numbers of fish oil and feed lipids did not exceed the norm. A decrease in the quality of fish oil caused a deterioration in the survival rate and physiological and biological parameters of fish. When comparing the fatty acid composition of lipids in wild and farmed whitefish, a significant decrease in omega-3 fatty acids beneficial for humans was found in fish fillets from aquaculture.
DIFFERENCES BEETWEN VARIOUS GRAIN HARVESTING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Dubov T.A.
Published: December 2023

The article contains a general comparison of technologies for harvesting grain crops using self-propelled grain harvesters. Economic and biological factors which define choice of a specific harvesting method were analyzed. Special attention has been given to the promising brushing method.
THE MAIN TYPES AND CAUSES OF ENGINEER ERRORS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Zaitseva M.I. , Bannikova D.A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Kobzar V.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the types of errors that occur in the work of an engineer. Real cases of occurrence of engineering errors in various fields of activity are given. And also, special attention is paid to ways to prevent the occurrence of engineering errors.
PLATFORM SOLUTIONS IN AGRICULTA METHOD OF YIELD MONITORING BASED ON NEURAL NETWORKS USING DEEP LEARNINGURAL ENGINEERING
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Azhinov A.E. , Gapon N.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Zhdanova M. M. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Rudoy D.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation,   Agrarian Research Center "Donskoy", Zernograd, Russian Federation, Olshevskaya A.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Odabashyan M.Yu. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Vershinina A.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Marchenko S.A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

This article discusses a method for creating yield monitoring based on neural networks using deep learning. For this purpose, a neural network based on the Unet architecture was selected and trained, an algorithm was created for the subsequent analysis of processed photos and an interface was developed for submitting photos for processing and obtaining the result of segmentation and monitoring.
THE EFFECT OF LACTOBACILLI ON THE QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF RAW MEAT FOR SMOKED SAUSAGES
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Kobylyatsky P.S. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Vasyutina M.A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The modern consumer market creates new conditions that are transformed into adjustments to the food production process. Such conditions create new challenges for producers, and especially for specialists working in the meat industry. The current situation is complicated by the fact that consumers are increasingly demanding the price and quality of the products they purchase, which, in turn, obliges specialists in this industry to look for new ways to solve emerging problems. An important role in this production must be assigned to the development, creation and implementation of waste-free technologies for high-quality meat products. Particular attention should be paid to those technologies that allow the use in production of a large amount of various raw materials obtained from agriculture. Moreover, the use of such raw materials should be rationalized as much as possible. This rationalization of production raw materials will save the manufacturer a lot of resources. Also, thanks to this, it is possible to create high-tech production that will work with minimal waste, which will positively affect the environment. Waste minimization can be achieved through high-quality and efficient processing of raw by-products of the second category. After all, it is precisely because of their properties that they are ineffective in production. Nevertheless, studying the qualitative and quantitative indicators of a variety of methods of processing raw materials (including secondary ones), one can notice that the most promising direction in this area is the use of advanced biotechnological methods in the production, which include the waste-free use of various microorganisms. Thanks to the use of such new technologies, producers will be able to significantly increase the production of meat products.
THE STATE AND FORECASTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WINE INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EXPERIENCE OF CRIMEAN WINEMAKERS
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Institute of City Development, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Lyamina N.V. , Kupriyanov A.V. ,   Sevastopol State University, Institute of City Development, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Kupriyanov A.V. ,   Sevastopol State University, Institute of City Development, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article examines the domestic literature on the problem of the development of the wine industry. The state and forecasts of the development of the wine industry in Russia are considered, taking into account the experience of Crimean winemakers. The prospects for the development of winemaking in the Crimea and Russia are analyzed.
MODERNIZATION OF THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM OF THE RSM "VECTOR-410" COMBINE HARVESTER
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Marchenko S.A.
Published: December 2023

This article presents an overview of the combine harvester "RSM Vector 410", in particular the main units of its hydraulic system. During the feasibility assessment and in order to rationalize production, a replacement of the hydraulic system element – the hydraulic distributor was proposed. The preliminary economic effect of this modernization was calculated.
REALIZATION OF THE TRAINING PROJECT "CALCULATION OF STRUCTURES"
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Matrosov A.A. , Vislousova I.N. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

In order to further improve the teaching process, the paper describes the experiences of the project "Calculation of Structures" developed at the Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the DSTU. The learning objectives of the project achieved as a result of its implementation are given. The main stages of its implementation are described. Some reasons that cause difficulties for students are revealed. Ways of eliminating them are outlined.
TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE "INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS IN MEDICINE" AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Omelchenko V.P. , Pakhomov I.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the experience of teaching the discipline "Intelligent systems in medicine" to students studying in the 1st year of the master's program in the direction "Biotechnical systems and technologies" at the Don State Technical University.
TEXT GENERATION SERVICES AS AN OBJECT OF RESEARCH: METHODOLOGY OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Alentsov E.A. , Semenova M.Yu. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Nedostup E.A. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The relevance of natural language generation algorithms is primarily due to the rapid development of digital technologies, widespread use of the Internet and an increase in the activity of users of the global network. The authors of this study propose a text generation system based on the Python programming language. At the same time, there is a well-known text generation service called ChatGPT. In this article, the authors propose an original methodology for creating a text generation service based on the Python programming language. This approach allows you to better understand the human perception of the results of the neural network, as well as problem areas and growth points of developments in this area.
ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR USE IN THE PROCESS OF GRANULATION OF COMPOUND FEED
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Rudoy D.V. ,   Agrarian Research Center «Donskoy», Zernograd, Russian Federation, Sarkisian D.S. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article presents an analysis of mathematical models describing the process of granulation of compound feeds. The main parameters and factors affecting the effectiveness of its course are considered. Special attention is paid to the rheological properties that influence the process under study and the process of production of feed additives. The aspect of using mathematical modeling to more accurately determine the relationship between design parameters and kinematics, as well as material properties and basic characteristics is considered.
THROTTLE CONTROL OF THE HYDRAULIC DRIVE BY MEANS OF A PARALLEL THROTTLE AT THE INLET OF THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Teplyakova S.V. , Romanov M.M. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Milyaeva L.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the throttle method of regulating the speed of the hydraulic drive by means of parallel throttling. Description of the method for calculating its main operational characteristics. Development of a test laboratory bench for carrying out full-scale measurements of control characteristics by a parallel throttle. The analysis of the classical flow controller scheme based on parallel throttling is carried out. A method for calculating the operational characteristics of a hydraulic unit with a parallel throttle flow regulator is described. A hydraulic circuit of a test laboratory bench has been developed for measuring the parameters of sequentially throttled hydraulic cylinders. In the course of the work, the principles of calculating the parameters of hydraulic units with a regulator in the form of a sequential throttle were considered. A hydraulic scheme for the construction of a laboratory test bench is proposed.
THROTTLE CONTROL OF THE HYDRAULIC DRIVE BY MEANS OF A SEQUENTIAL THROTTLE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Teplyakova S.V. , Batura P.P. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Milyaeva L.V. ,   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of solving the problem of regulating the speed of the output link of the hydraulic drive by means of a sequential throttle with the discharge of the working fluid into the storage tank, bypassing the hydraulic motor. The objectives of the work were to study the throttle method of regulating the speed of the hydraulic drive by means of sequential throttling. Description of the method for calculating its main operational characteristics. Development of a test laboratory bench for carrying out full-scale measurements of the characteristics of regulation by a sequential throttle. The analysis of the classical flow controller scheme based on sequential throttling is carried out. A method for calculating the operational characteristics of a hydraulic unit with a sequential throttle flow controller is described. A hydraulic circuit of a test laboratory bench has been developed for measuring the parameters of sequentially throttled hydraulic cylinders. In the course of the work, the principles of calculating the parameters of hydraulic units with a regulator in the form of a sequential throttle were considered. A hydraulic scheme for the construction of a laboratory test bench is proposed.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRACTOR RUNNING SYSTEMS
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Vnukov D.K.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a multidimensional analysis of tractor running systems, their types and differences. Analysis of the overall design of the tractor and its equipment is important to determine the best combination of working equipment and tractor for specific tasks.
Investigation of Effect of W-Zn-Co Alloy on Microstructure And Hardness of The Epoxy Composites
Authors: ASLAN Mikail
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the production of epoxy resin composites reinforced by the synthesized heavy tungsten alloys (W-7Zn-3Co-Y2O3). Y2O3 is used for dispersion of the compound during the ball milling process. Laminating resin component A and hardened component B were used to produce polymer epoxy matrix. The tungsten heavy alloys reinforced epoxy composites were examined in terms of Vickers hardness, density measurement and microstructural characterization . The results indicate that the 16 hour-milled reinforced epoxy composites have the highest hardness value.
Dendrobranchiata Chitin Deacetylation Degree and its Potency as Iron (III) Ion Adsorbent from Aqueous Solution
Authors: GBENEBOR Oluwashina , POPOOLA Patricia
Published: December 2023

Poisoning of water with heavy metals majorly comes from frequent discharge from industrial wastes. This contaminates the soil, poisons plants and at large, tampers with human lives. Adsorption has been considered to be an effective and economical technique in purifying water from heavy metals. In this study, prawn chitin of different deacetylation degree (DDA) was characterized and used as adsorbent for Fe3+ from prepared FeCl3 solution. Ground prawn shells were demineralized with 1 M HCl while deproteinization was performed by reacting demineralized shells with 1 M NaOH at 100 oC for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h. increasing deproteinization time raises DDA from 24.2 to 43.8 %. Thermal stability of chitin as measured from thermogravimetic analysis (TGA) reduces from 309 – 161oC at increasing deproteinization time. Crystallinity calculation rom X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that 84.5, 81.3, 78.3, 73.8 and 67.8 % are possessed by chitin produced from 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h deproteinization times respectively. Considering factors such as pH and contact time, chitin with the highest DDA displays the best sorption capacity for Fe3+ and this can be ascribed to the fact that more amino groups (RNH2) are prevalent in chitin with increasing DDA.
Large Deformation Analysis of Hyperelastic Continuum with Hexahedral Adaptive Finite Elements
Authors: TEKİN Mustafa , ALYAVUZ Bahadır
Published: December 2023

The use of hyperelastic materials capable of large deformations, such as elastomeric bearings used to reduce seismic effects, is quite common in civil engineering. Such environments are, in most cases, addressed by numerical solution techniques such as the finite element method. In case of large deformations, nonlinear analysis is used in the solution. In the study presented here, large deformations of a hyperelastic continuum expressed by the Mooney-Rivlin material model are calculated using hexahedral adaptive finite elements. A code was written in MATLAB using the total Lagrangian formulation for the nonlinear adaptive finite element solution. Comparisons were made with Abaqus software to check the consistency of the results obtained from this program. It has been observed that local refinements in the adaptive element mesh occur in the regions where they are needed. Considering the variation of maximum displacement and maximum stress with the number of elements, it has been observed that mesh refinement creates a convergent solution.
A Charging Station Planning Study to Prepare for the Utilization of Electric Vehicles on University Campuses: The Case of Ondokuz Mayıs University
Authors: AYDIN Metin Mutlu
Published: December 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained significant interest as a cleaner and sustainable mode of transportation compared to fossil-fuel vehicles. Although its background goes beyond a century ago, the effects of global warming have increased the development and utilization of EVs. Similarly, serious investments are being made for the development and use of EVs for batteries and charging stations, and, R&D activities are being carried out in Türkiye. With the start of domestic e-Car utilization, it is expected that e-Cars will be used throughout Türkiye. Therefore, charging stations will be established to meet needs. For this scope, a design study has been conducted at Ondokuz Mayıs University Campus and the number of stations was determined to ensure the effective use of e-Cars at the campus. A field study was conducted on the current parking lots, their capacities, and average occupancy rates. Then, charging station recommendations were developed for each parking lot based on the distribution of EVs by correlating the parking lot capacities, occupancy rates, and distribution. With similar planning to be carried out on other university campuses, universities will be at the forefront of e-Car utilization and many studies can be conducted to solve the problems that will be identified.
Conocimientos esenciales sobre los procesos, habilidades o competencias matemáticas: orientaciones para implementar situaciones de aprendizaje
Authors: Alsina Ángel
Published: December 2023

Los currículos de matemáticas contemporáneos hacen referencia a la competencia matemática, pero las orientaciones que se han ofrecido hasta hace poco tiempo para promover su desarrollo han tendido a ser escasas o muy generales. Desde esta perspectiva, el propósito de este artículo es presentar los conocimientos esenciales sobre los procesos, habilidades o competencias matemáticas del S. XXI, que son la base para poder implementar prácticas de enseñanza competenciales y productivas. En concreto, se describen conocimientos esenciales de la resolución de problemas, el razonamiento y la prueba, la comunicación, las conexiones, la representación, la modelización matemática y el pensamiento computacional. Adicionalmente, se ofrecen preguntas guía de cada conocimiento para orientar al profesorado de infantil y primaria en el diseño y la implementación de situaciones de aprendizaje de las matemáticas cuyo propósito sea desarrollar la competencia matemática.
Analysis of Value-Creating and Supporting Component of the Value Chain in the Production Process
Authors: TALÍŘ Milan , STRAKOVÁ Jarmila , VÁCHAL Jan , KOLLMANN Jaroslav
Published: December 2023

This research focuses on the application of the Process Value Added (PVA) method in the environment of custom piece production at STS Prachatice a.s. The main objective was to identify the most profitable and most loss-making processes, to evaluate the value added of individual production operations, to assess the potential for outsourcing certain processes, and to analyse the profitability of specific orders. The study uses a selection of 30 atypical orders from 2022, obtaining data on selling prices, production hours and costs associated with production and overhead. The analysis shows that manufacturing processes add the most value, while inspection processes are less profitable. Processes suitable for outsourcing were identified, especially when in-house capacity is not used. It was also found that the most profitable orders are those that combine high product uniqueness with efficient use of materials and production hours. The PVA methodology allowed to quantify the added value in the context of time and cost parameters and revealed that contracts with high time pool and unit costs have the most significant added value. PVA indices were established to better reflect the results achieved. The research findings have practical implications for the organization and efficiency of the production process at STS Prachatice, contribute to the development of business policy and procurement activities, and serve as innovative material for academic purposes. The study demonstrates that the PVA method is an effective tool for analysing and optimising business processes, enabling companies to better understand and manage process value-added in order to increase profitability and competitiveness. The implementation of this method in practice has shown concrete economic benefits and provided valuable information for further business policy and procurement solutions.
State and Entrepreneurship on the Road to Green Growth in a Post Lignite Era: Friends or Foes?
Authors: AVLOGIARIS Giorgos , FARMAKI Polytimi , KATARACHIA Androniki
Published: December 2023

Green governance is an emerging field, attracting increasing attention from scholars, and governments have been using a range of policy tools to support the transition to green economy, including regulation; financial incentives; voluntary agreements; fiscal measures; public sector procurement; targeting to the deployment of clean energy technologies. Greece has little experience in developing comprehensive long-term energy and climate strategies; thus, it is imperative that governance and analytical underpinning of long-term energy and climate planning be improved, and investment needs and innovative financing instruments for clean energy technologies analysed. To investigate the critical issue of state and entrepreneurship synergies in the framework of the green economy, the present survey employed a web-based questionnaire distributed to 417 small and medium sized enterprises in Western Macedonia from September to December 2021. Data analysis involved an exploratory factor and logistic regression analysis, creating a statistical model with three independent factors describing basic tools of the green economy. The results showed that, in Greece, state environmental governance is often perceived as inadequate, scarce, or constrained by considerations of economic growth. In addition, the research indicates that government policies with regards to environmental law implementation are mainly restricted to the "command and control" regulatory model, which fails to address green innovation and entrepreneurship and promote synergies between the private sector and the State. The analyses demonstrate that if government revenues are heavily reliant on taxes and fines, their capacity to finance structural adjustment programs can be severely affected, and alternative approaches are necessary to achieve the green growth.
IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICALLY ACTIVE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN THE COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF SAWSHOW (Satureja hortensis L)
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Bakin I.A. , Ivanov N.V. ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Published: December 2023

Essential oils of medicinal plants have a wide range of biological activity, but in recent years the problem of identifying components and chemically active functional groups in the composition of oils has come to the fore. This article is devoted to studying the possibilities of using Raman spectroscopy (Raman spectroscopy) as a method for identifying chemically active compounds of medicinal plants. The purpose of the study is to use Raman characteristics to evaluate the functional groups of molecules of essential oil samples. The object of the study was the essential oils of savory (Satureja hortensis L), obtained by CO2 extraction. The spectro-scopic regions of the near and mid-infrared range were used, between the regions of 100–3000 cm–1 at an ex-citation wavelength of 785 nm. In laboratory conditions, we have established the presence of various types of functional groups of chemical compounds that may have biological activity. The most frequently encountered functional groups were aliphatic chains, aromatic rings, carbon-fluorine bonds, sulfoamide and sulfonic func-tional groups. In addition, the presence of stable forms of halides formed with carbon was noted. These re-sults allow us to develop methodological approaches to the identification of biologically active compounds in essential oils of medicinal plants using Raman spectroscopy and its modifications.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF THE HYDROMECHANICAL DAMPER OF VEHICLES USED IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Radin S.Yu. , Shubkin S.Yu. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Buneev S.S. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Yeletskikh S.V. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Dobrin S.A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: December 2023

The article presents materials related to the development of a promising design of a hydraulic damper in-stalled in the suspension of vehicles used in the agro-industrial complex. A special feature of the hydraulic damper design is the transition from vertical channels to horizontal channels in the piston and stem of the vi-bration damper. In this case, the vertical sections of the rod channels are mated with the horizontal sections of the piston channels. The presence of such calibrated holes in the piston and rod, as well as due to the ab-sence of bypass valves, can significantly reduce sudden pressure changes in the vibration damper during high-speed movements of both the rod and the piston. This significantly increases the smoothness of the ride, and, consequently, the comfort and safety of the vehicle and, thus, improves the working conditions of the personnel operating it. Analytical studies have been carried out, as well as hydrodynamic and strength calcu-lations of such determining parameters as the pressure of the working fluid and its flow rate. Recommenda-tions are given on the choice of rod and piston material for a promising design of a hydraulic damper for ve-hicles. A method of engineering calculations for determining the parameters of the throttling system is pro-posed, which allows to establish the criteria for the operability of the developed technical solution with a view to its possible application in industrial conditions.
AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGICAL INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS OF VACUUM SATURATION WITH VAPORS OF SPICY AND SMOKY FLAVORS OF EXTRUDED MEAT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Shubkin S.Yu. , Shakhov S.V. ,   Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Buneev S.S. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: December 2023

The article describes the design and principle of operation of an automated technological installation for car-rying out the process of vacuum saturation with vapors of spicy and smoky flavors of extruded meat and vege-table products for functional purposes. A method for controlling the process under study is proposed. The method has the following advantages: helps to increase the productivity of the equipment by ensuring the co-ordinated operation of the steam generator and the smoking chamber; It provides a reduction in specific en-ergy costs by maintaining the most rational conditions for the process. A mathematical model of the process has been developed that can be used to create smoking installations, as well as a method for controlling the technological modes of the process of saturation with spicy-smoky flavors of extruded meat and vegetable products for functional purposes. An equation is obtained that allows us to determine the value of specific en-ergy consumption per 1 kg of finished products within the selected intervals of variation of input factors. The results of the solved optimization problem made it possible to identify a rational range of changes in input factors according to the three investigated criteria for the functioning of the smoker. As suboptimal intervals for changing parameters, the following should be taken: the pressure created by the vacuum pump in the pipeline, 31-35 kPa; the rate of vapor supply of spicy and smoky flavors to the smoking chamber, 0.65-0.8 m/s; the temperature in the smoking chamber, 38-42 °C.
THE NON-TRADITIONAL HERBAL COMPONENTS INFLUENCE ON FRIED SAUSAGES STORABILITY
Authors:   Volga region research institute of manufacture and processing of meat-and-milk production, Slozhenkina M.I. , Bozhkova S.E. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Skachkov D.A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Serova O.P. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Miroshnik A.S. ,   Volga region research institute of manufacture and processing of meat-and-milk production, Danilov Yu.D. ,   Volga region research institute of manufacture and processing of meat-and-milk production
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of studying the possibility of combined use of chickpea extrudate and herbal substances in the recipe for fried sausage: dried lovage and fennel seeds to obtain the preservation and organoleptic qualities of meat products. The prototype for the samples designed was the generally accepted fried sausage "Ukraiskaya" production technology. As part of the work, the obtaining technology was developed and optimal dose of the studied herbal ingredients was determined, which allowed to obtain high organoleptic indicators. The prototypes had a spicy taste, brown color on the cut, elastic consistency, pleasant aroma typical of this type of product. The positive effect of the studied herbal supplements on the dynamics of changes in indicators: total number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, acid number of fat and oxidative stability of fat was established. Storing the samples for 15 days at a temperature of (4 ± 2) ° C and relative humidity (75 ± 5)%, revealed that these indicators were within the norm for this type of meat products. Finished product yeild of sample №1 exceeded this indicator in the control sample by 7%, and in the case of samples №2 and №3 – by 6% (78% and 77%, respectively), which can be interpret by the protein-carbohydrate complexes formation when chickpea extrudate is added to the product, reducing the amount of free moisture in the meat system. The developed recipes of fried sausages make it possible to fortify and diversify the diet of consumers. There are no analogues in the modern sausage market, which is an integral advantage in the product sale.
IMPROVING THE CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF CHEESECAKES BY USING PSYLLIUM
Authors:   Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Piturina I.S. , Evsenina M.V. ,   Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kosychev, Lupova E.I. ,   Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kosychev
Published: December 2023

A The article is devoted to the study of the influence of psyllium on the quality and nutritional value of cheesecakes in order to enrich them with minerals, vitamins and dietary fibers. One of the most important tasks of the food industry is to provide all categories of consumers with high-quality and safe food products, taking into account the necessary amount of micro- and macronutrients. The unfavorable environmental situ-ation in large cities causes the need to enrich products with biologically active substances, balancing the amino acid, fatty acid composition. Much attention is paid to the content of minerals, vitamins and dietary fi-ber in the products. Cottage cheese, as one of the fermented milk products, belongs to the most popular prod-ucts of daily demand among different groups of the population. Therefore, it is advisable to enrich it with food and biologically active additives, which include psyllium, which in some countries is classified as super-foods. The use of psyllium in the production technology of cottage cheese products can enrich their composi-tion, increase their nutritional and biological value and give new taste properties. In this regard, the aim of the research was to study the effect of psyllium on the quality and nutritional value of cheesecakes. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks were set. With the introduction of psyllium in an amount of 50% by weight of wheat flour, the finished products retained their shape, consistency, while acquiring a sweet taste and aroma. This dish can enrich the human body with the necessary micronutrients. The energy value in comparison with the control decreased by 18.3 kcal, the amount of vitamins increased, the mineral composi-tion was replenished, the ash content index became higher than the control by 0.15 mg, the amount of dietary fiber in comparison with the control sample increased more than 10 times. The profitability of cheesecakes with the addition of psyllium increased by 2.5%.
THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDAL LOAD ON THE CONTENT OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE SOILS OF THE AGRICULTURAL PROCESSING SUPPLY AND MARKETING CONSUMER COOPERATIVE «TIMIRYAZEVSKY» OF THE LIPETSK REGION
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Zakharov V.L. , Lenkshevich A.V. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Shkolnikova M.N. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: December 2023

There is almost no information in the scientific literature about the effect of herbicide load on the number of microorganisms in the context of soil subtypes. The purpose of this work was to establish how three different dosages of herbicide solution affect the number of microorganisms in two subtypes of garden-suitable cherno-zem of the Lipetsk region. The research was carried out in 2022-2023 in the 3-year-old cherry orchard of the agricultural processing supply and marketing consumer cooperative "Timiryazevsky" of the Dolgorukovsky district of the Lipetsk region. The object of the study was two subtypes of soil: leached chernozem and podzo-lized. In the garden, after row-to-row mechanical treatment, the soil surface was sprayed with a solution of the herbicide Glyphoshans Super. The concentration of the herbicide in an aqueous solution was 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%. After 3 days, the number of microorganisms in the 0-10 cm layer was determined. The introduction of herbicides based on glyphosate with a working solution concentration of 2% into the chernozems of gardens leads to a decrease in the number of microorganisms. After 3 days, the number of bacteria is reduced by 2-2.5 times, mold fungi – by 6-115 times, the total microbial number – by 2.8-12.3 times. Of the soil microor-ganisms, mold fungi especially suffer from herbicides. As the concentration of glyphosate-based herbicide de-creases, the number of bacteria, mold fungi and the total microbial number of leached and podzolized cher-nozem decreases. The microflora of podzolized chernozem is more resistant to herbicidal load than microor-ganisms of leached chernozem.