bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant-derived epi-nutraceuticals as Potential Broad-Spectrum Anti-Viral Agents
Authors: Gabbianelli Rosita , Shahar Ehud , De Simone Gaia , Rucci Chiara , Bordoni Laura , FELIZIANI GIULIA , ZHAO FANRUI , Ferrati Marta , Maggi Filippo , Spinozzi Eleonora , Mahajna Jamal
Published: October 2023

Although the COVID-19 pandemic appears to be diminishing, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants represents a threat to humans due to its inherent transmissibility, immunological evasion, virulence, and invulnerability to existing therapies. The previous COVID-19 pandemic affected more than 500 million people and caused over 6 million deaths. Vaccines are essential, but in circumstances when vaccination is not accessible or in individuals with compromised immune systems, drugs can give additional protection. Targeting host signaling pathways is recommended due to their genomic stability and resistance barriers.
Plant-derived products, which have been used in traditional medicine for treating pathological conditions, offer structurally novel therapeutic compounds including anti-viral. In addition, plant-derived bioactive substances might serve as the ideal basis for developing sustainable/efficient/cost-effective anti-viral alternatives.
Epigenetic modifications in the genome can affect gene expression without altering DNA sequence. Host cells can use epigenetic gene regulation as a mechanism to silence incoming viral DNA molecules, while viruses have recruited cellular epi transcriptomic (covalent modifications of RNAs) modifiers to increase the translational efficiency and transcript stability of viral transcripts to enhance viral gene expression and replication. Moreover, viruses manipulate host cells' epigenetic machinery to ensure productive viral infections. Environmental factors, such as natural products, may influence epigenetic modifications.
In this review, we are exploring the potential of plant-derived substances as epigenetic modifiers for broad-spectrum anti-viral activity, reviewing modulation processes and anti-viral effects on DNA and RNA viruses, and addressing future research objectives in this rapidly emerging field.
Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Cyperus articulatus, Cyperus rotundus and Lippia alba Essential Oils against Aspergillus flavus Isolated from Peanut Seeds in Senegal
Authors: Sabaly Safietou , Tine Yoro , Diallo Alioune , Faye Abdoulaye , Cisse Mouhamed , Ndiaye Abdoulaye , Sambou Cebastiana , Gaye Cheikhouna , Wele Alassane , Paolini Julien , Costa Jean , Kane Aboubacry , Ngom Saliou
Published: October 2023

Aspergillus flavus is a pathogenic fungus that affects and contaminates several foodstuffs and is associated with cancer in humans. In Senegal, significant losses of groundnut production are mainly due to contamination caused by this species. This study evaluated in vitro antifungal activities of Cyperus articulatus, Cyperus rotundus and Lippia alba essential oils against A. flavus isolated from peanut seeds. Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of rhizomes of the two Cyperus species and leaves of L. alba were analyzed by GC-DIF and GC-MS. The essential oil yields from C. articulatus, C. rotundus and L. alba were 1.1%, 1.3% and 1.7%, respectively. These three samples had the following chemotypes: (i) Mustakone (21.4%)/eudesma-4(15)-7-dien-1β-ol (8.8%)/caryophyllene oxide (5.9%), (ii) caryophyllene oxide (25.2%)/ humulene epoxyde 2 (35.0%) and (iii) geranial (46.6%)/neral (34.6%). The three oils tested inhibited the growth of A. flavus at concentrations between 100 and 1000 ppm. The L. alba oil was the most effective with total clearance of A. flavus on PDA. For the essential oils of C. rotundus (93.65%) and C. articulatus (78.11%), the highest inhibition rates were obtained with 1000 ppm dose. Thus, the L. alba oil could be used safely as an effective protector of groundnuts against A. flavus.
Compared Block Periodized and Non-Periodized Physical Activity Program in Older Adults
Authors: Moreno-Mateos Alejandro , Barbero Iglesias Fausto José , Sánchez Muñoz Antonio , Gutiérrez Díaz Yurena , Moreno-Pascual Carlos
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Background: The periodization of physical exercise to optimize the objectives is common in competitive sports, however physical exercise programs for the older adults do not usu-ally present periodization in their programming, they are limited to carrying out similar sessions throughout the program. Methods:137 people over 60 years old performed a physical exercise program, 71 people participated in a multicomponent non-periodized program as the Control Group (CG) and 66 people participated in a program periodized in blocks as the Experimental Group (EG). The block periodization program was oriented to the development of strength, and was carried out in 86 sessions three times per week during a period of 8 months. Anthropometric assessments were made using: weight, height, BMI and electrical bioimpedance; and functional evaluations through standardized tests: SPPB, TUG, handgrip and two-minute stair test. Results: After the intervention, the EG presents significant improvements in the TUG, in the weight and in the BMI. On the other hand, the CG presents significant improvements in fat weight, in BMI and in the 2-minute stair test. The SPPB did not present changes after the intervention. Conclusion: The periodization of physical exercise for older adults does not have a significant impact on the functional capacity in this population group.
Para uma crítica da consciência pelos afetos
Authors: Pereira Nilton Mullet , Torelly Gabriel
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo articula-se em dois diferentes sentidos. No primeiro deles, propõe uma crítica aberta e sensível aos pressupostos e usos da categoria da consciência histórica no ensino de História. No segundo, ensaia as condições de possibilidade de um ensino de História que passa pelos afetos. O percurso teórico realiza-se a partir da criação de uma interface entre a filosofia prática de Spinoza e o pensamento ameríndio de Ailton Krenak. Em termos metodológicos, embora não se reporte diretamente a uma coleta de resultados empíricos, evoca ocorrências de sala de aula, inspiradas nas experiências dos ateliês de imaginação histórica, oriundas da pesquisa “Imaginação e ensino de História” e nas experiências de estudo e de prática, no âmbito do projeto “Aprendizagem em História como Arte de Criar Encontros Alegres”, junto a escolas da rede pública do estado. A partir do aprofundamento teórico proposto e da exposição do limiar epistemológico entre a categoria da consciência histórica e a aprendizagem dos afetos, renova-se o fundamento de um ensino de História voltado para responder às urgências éticas e políticas do presente.
"Era assim que eu queria um Museu"
Authors: Jucá de Mello Cardozo Mariana
Published: October 2023

Neste trabalho, analiso minha prática docente a partir da experiência das aulas de História em dois museus da cidade de Florianópolis, no ano de 2022, para pensar sobre o acesso ao passado, me questionando sobre o modo como o trabalho no museu é capaz de mobilizar conceitos relacionados com o tempo histórico. Este estudo foi realizado, em uma escola pública com estudantes do 6º ano, nas aulas presenciais de História, tendo como pergunta norteadora da pesquisa: Como relacionar, junto aos meus estudantes, as dimensões temporais a partir de práticas culturais nos museus? O texto está organizado em três partes: a primeira sobre a volta para a escola: primeiras aulas no pós-pandemia, a segunda sobre a aula e o tempo do Museu e a terceira sobre uma reflexão acerca dos diversos sentidos da aula no museu.
THE METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF HIGH EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Sun Wei
Published: October 2023

With the development of information technology, the Internet is also constantly iterative and updated, and is currently evolving to Web 3.0, which is synonymous with the next Internet era, which complements the metaverse. This essay is dedicated to one of the most relevant issues in contemporary philosophy: the methodology by which technology is reshaping educational spaces and educational models. The research adopts the method of philosophical speculation, starting from conceptual analysis, tracing the development of distance education and its technological evolution, and examining the educational process of technology from the source. The results of the study show that with the emergence of concepts such as digital campus, smart campus, digital twin campus, and metaverse school, the educational space is changing to the metaverse. The transformation triggered by science and technology covers both individuals and society, not only referring to the specific content or form of people's understanding and thinking, but also the depth and complexity of the thinking world of the entire society. In order to adapt to the changing situation, higher education institutions are establishing new curriculum models. Various words associated with these patterns are: blended learning, flipped classroom, virtual learning, smart classroom, etc.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE REHABILITATION OF PEOPLE WITH POST-CONDUCT SYNDROME: MODERN APPROACHES OF SOCIAL WORK
Authors: Liabakh Natalia , Kirko Diana
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to modern approaches to the socio-psychological and cognitive rehabilitation of people with post-covid syndrome, the disclosure of methods of providing psychological assistance to people with COVID-19 and post-covid syndrome using the example of the work of the NGO "Center for Social and Psychological Support "Dobrobut"; the factors provoking the state of psycho-emotional tension of the person are determined; psychotherapeutic and psychocorrective directions used in the provision of emergency psychological assistance are outlined; it has been proven that rehabilitation involves a multifaceted influence on a person at different levels: social, psychological, physical; cognitive-behavioral therapy is defined as an integrative approach, the techniques of which are aimed at achieving changes in a person's thinking, emotional state, and behavior.
USING CHATGPT IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ENGLISH: ADVANTAGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Akopiants Nunu
Published: October 2023

This research paper examines the use of ChatGPT, a statistical language model, developed by OpenAI, as an effective tool for learning English. It examines the benefits of this technology for English language learners and describes its potential for improving oral and written communication skills, vocabulary and grammar. Possible challenges and limitations of using ChatGPT are also discussed and some recommendations are given for the optimal use of this technology in the educational process.

The article offers a detailed overview of the possibilities, advantages and limitations of using ChatGPT in the English language learning, and also experimentally proves the increase in learning productivity indicators. The study highlights the importance of this technology as an innovative tool for the English language learners and promotes further research and development of this area in the academic environment.
Organizational Culture, Management Accounting Information, Innovation Capability and SME Performance
Authors: Tantri Mitsalina , Priharta Andry , Hamidah Siti , Hakim Luqman , A. Birton M. Nur
Published: October 2023

In accordance with the theories of organizational culture, innovation diffusion and TAM, this study examines the relationship between organizational culture, management accounting information, innovation capability and company performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the city of South Tangerang. Data for the study were collected through a questionnaire survey of a sample of 160 top and middle level managers in SMEs. The results obtained reveal that organizational culture has a significant positive effect on company performance. In addition, the results show that the use of management accounting information and innovation capability has no significant effect on firm performance.
FACTORES DE RIESGO BIOMECÁNICO EN LA PERCEPCIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DE VIDA LABORAL DE LOS TRABAJADORES DE UNA EMPRESA DE SERVICIOS GENERALES
Authors:   Corporación universitaria UNITEC, PALOMINO OSORIO KELLY Y. , FORERO PEREA LUISA N. , ÁLVAREZ FERNÁNDEZ LIZETH N. , FUENTES ROJAS GINA
Published: October 2023

The quality of working life with respect to work environments is increasingly demanding. Therefore, the need arises to study the conditions for the execution of their daily tasks. The objective of this research is to establish the biomechanical risk factors in the perception of quality of life of the employees of the general services area of ??a cleaning and maintenance company.The company under study is a cleaning and maintenance company based in Bogotá, which has more than 15 years of experience, a sample of 60 women aged 25 to 57 years was chosen. This is a non-experimental cross-sectional investigation with a mixed approach. It was evidenced that the interpretation of the risk in all cases is not acceptable and that they require specific control, a high level of satisfaction of the workers is observed regardless of the presence of ailments. People who work in general services present musculoskeletal disorders, due to the multiple discomforts that they may present during the activities they carry out, hence the importance of implementing preventionstrategies.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 14 по 20 октября 2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: October 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 14 по 20 октября 2023 г.
GAINING ON LEAKY GUT AWARNESS WOULD FAVOUR OVERCOMING THE OUTBURST OF MANY SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS
Authors: Padron Julio
Published: October 2023

Leaky gut is an abnormal condition of increased gut permeability leading to a relevant influx of toxins and undigested proteins into the blood stream. Many are the factors playing a pivotal role in the triggering of such pathological condition. Disbiosis, wrong diet, genetic disposition, generic gut inflammation and therapeutic drugs abuse are among the main etiological elements driving toward such low bowel hyper-permeability stage, which then subsequently result into many apparently unrelated systemic inflammatory disorders. It is very easy to understand and accept that by breaking the intestinal barrier functioning, the resultant influx of toxins and undigested molecules represent a major safety challenge to the whole organism which therefore react by triggering a number of defensive mechanisms of systemic inflammation.
تأثير الانتقال الحراري والدوران على التدفق التمعجي لسائل سوتربي في قناة مائلة وغير متماثلة ذات مسامية
Authors: Mohammed Asmaa A. , Hummady Liqaa Zeki
Published: October 2023

في هذا البحث تم دراسة تأثير متغير الدوران والمتغيرات الأخرى على التدفق التمعجي لسائل سوتربي في قناة غير متماثلة مائلة تحتوي على وسط مسامي مع انتقال الحرارة. في وجود الدوران، تم تطوير النمذجة الرياضية باستخدام المعادلات الاساسية القائمة على نموذج سائل سوتربي. في تحليل التدفق، يتم استخدام افتراضات مثل تقريب طول الموجة الطويلة وانخفاض عدد رينولدز. تم حل المعادلة التفاضلية الاعتيادية غير الخطية الناتجة تحليلياً باستخدام طريقة الاضطراب. يتم تحليل تأثيرات رقم كراشوف، ورقم هارتمان، ورقم رينولد، ورقم فرود، ومعلمة هال، ورقم دارسي، والمجال المغناطيسي، ومعلمة سائل سوتربي، وتحليل نقل الحرارة على وظيفة التدفق وتدرج الضغط بيانياً. باستخدام برنامج ماثيماتيكا، تم حساب النتائج العددية. تم اكتشاف أن حجم الفقاعات يتناقص مع زيادة بعض المعلمات ، بينما يتناسب تدرج الضغط تناسب طردي مع غالبية المعلمات.
On Partition Dimension and Domination of Abid-Waheed 〖(AW)〗_r^4 Graph
Authors: Bayati Jalal Hatem Hussein , Mahboob Abid , Rasheed Muhammad Waheed , Najaf Dur e
Published: October 2023

يحتوي الرسم البياني H المرتبط ببساطة على مجموعة رؤوس  بالنظر إلى الرسم البياني، فإن المجموعة المسيطرة S هي مجموعة فرعية من مجموعة الرؤوس V بحيث يكون أي رأس خارج S قريبًا من رأس واحد على الأقل داخل S. أصغر حجم من H هو المسيطر على المجموعات هو المعروف برقم سيطرة الرسم البياني. عندما يكون للرسم البياني H رأس x ومجموعة فرعية من الرأس V (H) ، يكون الفصل.  فيما يتعلق بالقسم k المرتب من V (H) ، فإن الرسم التوضيحي لـ x بالنسبة إلى Π هو المتجهفي هذا البحث ، قمنا بدراسة بعض النتائج على رقم الهيمنة ورقم السيطرة المستقل والمقيد والمشار إليه بـ  على التوالي في الرسوم البيانية Abid-Waheed  والعلاقة بين رقم الهيمنة ورقم الهيمنة المستقلة والمقيدة. كما أن الهدف من هذه الورقة هو إنشاء أبعاد التقسيم لـ
Green Synthesis of Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles and its Biological
Authors: Shanshool Sabeeha K. , Shanan Zainab J.
Published: October 2023

الهدف من هذا البحث هو تصنيع جسيمات نانوية لثاني أوكسيد المنغنيز من المستخلصات النباتية (P  granatum  L  peel، A herba-alba Asso  and ، M  chamomilla L.، C sinensis) واختبار نشاطها المضاد للبكتيريا. لتقييم وجود المواد الكيميائية النباتية في المستخلصات النباتية ،تم استخدام تحليل مقياس الطيف الضوئي المرئي بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية (UV-Vis) ، إمكانات زيتا (ZP) و حيود الأشعة السينية (XRD). تبين أن تحضير جزيئات MnO2 النانوية عن طريق المستخلصات النباتية له سمات مميزة. تم حساب متوسط الحجم البلوري لمركبات MnO2 NPs المصنعة بين  14.22_21.0  نانومتر ، مع قيم جهد زيتا  -23.6 ، -20.04 ، -25.6 ، -16.7 ملي فولت على التوالي. الجسيمات النانوية لثاني أوكسيد المنغنيز (MnO2 NPs) لها نشاط مضاد للجراثيم ضد الفطريات والبكتيريا المتنوعة الموجبة والسالبة لملون غرام. أظهرت النتائج أن MnO2 NPs المحضر بواسطة  P  granatum  L peel  ،Asso.  A herba-alba كان أعلى نسبة من تثبيط البكتيريا و الفطريات، بينما أظهرت مستخلصات M  chamomilla L  و C  sinensis نشاطًا مضادًا اقل.
Designing and implementing a portable ultrasound bone densitometer
Authors: Massoud Saleh , Ruqiah Mohammad , Ismaiel Ebrahim , Ahmad Ahmad S. , Motawej Fadi
Published: October 2023

هشاشة العظام مرض يتميز بانخفاض كتلة العظام مما يزيد من خطر الإصابة بالكسور. يعتبر مقياس كثافة امتصاص الأشعة السينية ثنائي الطاقة (DXA) بمثابة المعيار الذهبي لقياس كثافة المعادن في العظام (BMD). في سورية، يعد DXA مكلفاً وغير متوفر على نطاق واسع ويقترن بتردد قوي بين المرضى فيما يتعلق بالتعرض للإشعاع المؤين. من ناحية أخرى، وجدت العديد من الدراسات الحديثة أن الموجات فوق الصوتية الكمية (QUS) مفيدة في تحديد تشخيص هشاشة العظام وإعطاء معلومات دقيقة حول صفات العظام. كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تصميم وبناء جهاز قياس كثافة العظام بالموجات فوق الصوتية لقياس كثافة المعادن بالعظام. الجهاز محمول (0.4 كيلو غرام) وهو اقل تكلفة بكثير وليس له اي اثر ضار من الاشعاعات المؤينة. تم تصميم الجهاز باستخدام زوج من أجهزة توليد واستشعار بالموجات فوق الصوتية HC-SR04 لإرسال واستقبال الموجات فوق الصوتية عبر العظم ثم تضخيمها وقراءتها رقمياً باستخدام منصة Arduino. تم تنفيذ الجهاز باستخدام نموذج مُصمم مسبقاً باستخدام برنامج CAD، مع رأس قياس متحرك بحيث يمكن أن يكون مناسباً للعديد من المرضى من مختلف الأعمار. تم اختبار الجهاز على العديد من الأفراد الأصحاء والمرضى من مختلف الجنسين، الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 18 و 85 عاماً، كما تمت معايرته والتحقق من صحته باستخدام قيمة كثافة المعادن بالعظام التي يوفرها مقياس كثافة العظام DXA. أظهرت النتائج أن أجهزتنا حساسة بدرجة كافية للتمييز بين الأفراد الأصحاء والمرضى باستخدام أدوات منخفضة التكلفة. وفقًا لذلك، قد يكون للجهاز المقترح فرصة جيدة في المستقبل ليتم اعتباره مقياس كثافة عظام محمول فعال ومنخفض التكلفة.
Derivative Spectrophotometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Quercetin and Gentisic acid in Capparis spinosa L.
Authors: Maruf Dlgash Hamad , Mohammad Rizgar Hassan
Published: October 2023

الشفلح هو أحدی النباتات الطبية الذي یستخدم في الطب التقليدي و یتضمن المواد الكيميائية النباتية العديدة مثل المركبات بوليفينولیة. تعتبر كلتا المركبتين، كویرستین وحامض الجینتسیك، کمركب فينولية مهمة اللتان توجدان في النباتات ولهما الخصائص الطبية الکثیرة مثل مضاد الالتهابات، مضاد الميكروبات، مضاد الأكسدة ومضاد للسرطان. لم يتم التحقق بعد من تحديد كلا المركبين معًا في مزیج ثنائي باستخدام طرق القياس الطيفي. في هذه الدراسة، تم تطوير طريقتين طيفيتين مشتقتين بسيطتين سريعتين و دقيقتين لاستخدامهما للتقدير الكمي الآنی لمادة كویرستین وحامض الجینتسیك في المزيج الثنائية وخلاصة أوراق الشفلح. الطريقة الأولی تعتمد على استخدام طریق العبور الصفري (المشتق الأول والرابع) ، بينما الطريقة الثانية هي المشتق الأول لأطياف النسبة. الخطية لمنحنيات المعايرة لكلتا الطريقتين الطيفية المشتقة يتراوح تركيزهما بين 2.0-30 ميكروغرام / مل و 4.0-80 ميكروغرام / مل لكویرستین وحامض الجینتسیك، على التوالي، في حين تراوحت نسب الاسترداد من 94.06٪ الی 105.98٪ (كویرستین) و 94.29٪ الی 113.37٪ (حمض الجینتسیك). تم استخدام الطرق المطورة بشكل فعال في التقدیر الكمي لكل من المركبات الفينولية في أوراق الشفلح..
Total Phenolic, Flavonoids and Vitamin C Contents with Antioxidant Activity of Urtica dioica L. Leaves Growing in Zakho, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Authors: Omer Gharbia A. , Mohammed Lina Y.
Published: October 2023

يُزرع جنس Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) بشكل متكرر في إقليم كردستان العراق ويستخدم كعلاج شعبي من قبل السكان المحليين لعلاج مجموعة متنوعة من الأمراض. الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم إجمالي محتويات الفينول والفلافونويد وفيتامين ج باستخدام طريقة القياس الطيفي مع تحديد الأنشطة المضادة للأكسدة للمذيبات المختلفة مثل (المائي ، الإيثانول ، أسيتات الإيثيل ، الكلوروفورم و هكسان) المتدفقة التي تختلف باختلاف اختبارات مضادات الأكسدة مع تراكيز مختلفة وهي (1،1-ثنائي فينيل -2 بيكريل هيدرازيل  ، اختبار القدرة المختزل ، القدرة الكلية لمضادات الأكسدة ، كسح أكسيد النيتريك ، جذور الهيدروكسيل ، β-carotene- حمض اللينوليك ومخلبات الحديد) وحمض الأسكوربيك كمرجع معياري. أوضحت نتائجنا أن تحديد إجمالي محتويات الفينول والفلافونويد باستخدام طرق فولين سيوكالتو وكلوريد الألومنيوم أظهر أن مستخلصات المذيبات القطبية أظهرت محتوى عاليًا من الفينول والفلافونويد بينما يحتوي مستخلص أسيتات الإيثيل على نسبة عالية من فيتامين ج. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أظهرت النتائج أن المستخلصات لها تأثيرات مضادة للأكسدة ملحوظة مقارنة بمضادات الأكسدة القياسية مثل حمض الأسكوربيك. كان لمستخلص الإيثانول لأوراق U. dioica L أنشطة تنظيف أقوى من مستخلصات المذيبات الأخرى لجذور 1،1-ثنائي فينيل -2 بيكريل هيدرازيل و الهيدروكسيل. أظهر مستخلص الماء تأثيرًا مضادًا للأكسدة أعلى من المستخلصات الأخرى لتقليل مقايسات القوة وأكسيد النيتريك مع انخفاض نشاط مضادات الأكسدة لـ β-carotene / حمض اللينوليك وإجمالي اختبارات القدرة المضادة للأكسدة. في المقابل ، كان للهكسان غير القطبي أعلى نشاط مضاد للأكسدة لمقايسة مخلب الحديد. تُظهر الدراسة الحالية أن مستخلصات أوراق U. dioica Lهي مصدر طبيعي حيوي لمضادات الأكسدة ويمكن استخدامها في المنتجات الغذائية بالإضافة إلى تطبيقات التغذ.
Deep Learning Models and Fusion Classification Technique for Accurate Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Newborn
Authors: Salih Nazar , Ksantini Mohamed , Hussein Nebras , Halima Donia Ben , Abdul Razzaq Ali , Ahmed Sohaib
Published: October 2023

اعتلال الشبكية الخداجي (ROP) هو السبب الأكثر شيوعًا لعمى الأطفال الذي لا رجعة فيه، ويعتمد تشخيصه وعلاجه على الدرجات الذاتية بناءً على سمات الأوعية الدموية في شبكية العين. ومع ذلك، فإن هذه الطريقة شاقة وعرضة للخطأ، لذا فإن الأساليب الآلية مرغوبة لمزيد من الدقة والإنتاجية. تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تطوير نهج قائم على التعلم العميق للتشخيص الدقيق لمرض اعتلال الشبكية الخداجي الزائد عند الأطفال الخدج باستخدام نماذج التعلم التحويلية وتقنية تصنيف الاندماج. زودنا مركز الأمل للعيون في العيادة الخاصة في بغداد، العراق، بـ 2776 صورة لقاعدة فحص مرضى اعتلال الشبكية الخداجي بين عامي 2015 و2020، واستخدمنا هذه الصور لتدريب ثلاثة نماذج للشبكات العصبية التلافيفية العميقة (ResNet50 وDensenet161 وEfficientNetB5). تم استخدام نهج مصنف الاندماج لدمج النماذج الثلاثة من أجل تشخيص شامل ودقيق. تتميز النماذج الثلاثة بمعدلات دقة نسبية تبلغ 69.78٪ و80.57٪ و81.29٪ في تصنيفاتها الخاصة. ومع ذلك، زادت الدقة الإجمالية إلى 90.28 في المائة عند استخدام مصنف الاندماج. هذا يدل على أن الطريقة المقترحة مفيدة لتحديد اعتلال الشبكية الخداجي عند الخدج. تشير نتائج الدراسة إلى أن الطريقة المقترحة لديها القدرة على تعزيز الدقة والسرعة التي يتم بها تشخيص اعتلال الشبكية الخداجي بشكل كبير، مما قد يؤدي بدوره إلى الكشف المبكر عن المرض وعلاجه وتقليل احتمالية الإصابة بعمى الأطفال.
Correlation between IL-6 and Age in COVID-19: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Analysis in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Agustin , Mayashinta Dearikha Karina , Sutrisnani Catur Suci , Samsu Nur , Endharti Agustina Tri , Widjajanto Edy
Published: October 2023

تم تحديد إنترلوكين 6 (IL-6) باعتباره مؤشرًا لشدة ووفيات فيروس كورونا (COVID-19). على الرغم من أن معدلات الإصابة بالمرض والوفيات تزيد بشكل عام مع تقدم العمر، إلا أنه لا يزال من غير المؤكد ما إذا كان هناك ارتباط بين العمر ومستويات IL-6، مما يؤدي إلى تفاقم شدة كوفيد-19 لدى المرضى. كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو فحص العلاقة بين العمر ومستويات IL-6 لدى مرضى كوفيد-19. كانت الدراسة عبارة عن تحليل مقطعي للسجلات المخبرية والطبية لـ 3171 مريضًا من مرضى كوفيد-19 الذين تلقوا العلاج في عام 2021 في مستشفى سيف الأنور العام. تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام اختبار كروسكال واليس، واختبار دونيت بوست هوك، واختبار ارتباط سبيرمان. تم تقسيم المرضى إلى أربع فئات عمرية: أقل من 20 عامًا (1.29%)، و20-40 عامًا (18.10%)، و40-60 عامًا (43.74%)، و>60 عامًا (36.87%). وكان متوسط مستويات IL-6 في كل مجموعة هو 39.44، 192.04، 217.27، و252.59 بيكوغرام/مل. ولوحظ وجود اختلاف كبير (قيمة p = 0.000) في مستويات IL-6 بين الفئة العمرية أقل من 20 عامًا والمجموعات الأخرى. علاوة على ذلك، تم تحديد ارتباط إيجابي كبير (قيمة p = 0.000) بين الفئة العمرية ومستويات إنترلوكين-6 لدى مرضى كوفيد-19، مما يشير إلى ارتفاع مستويات إنترلوكين-6 لدى المرضى الأكبر سنا. في الختام، كانت هناك اختلافات في مستويات إنترلوكين-6 على أساس الفئات العمرية، وكان العمر مرتبطًا بشكل إيجابي بمستويات إنترلوكين-6 لدى مرضى كوفيد-19.
Modification of the Multi-Stage Treatment (Anaerobic- Anoxic- Oxic) by Adding Almond Shells as Biological Carriers
Authors: Alshalabi Raghad , Zakieh Rasin , Ajib Naeima
Published: October 2023

في هذه الدراسة تم تعديل عملية المعالجة A2O (الأحواض اللاهوائية- منقوصة الأكسجين- الهوائية) بإضافة قشور اللوز كحوامل بيولوجية وتم تقييم أدائها في مجموعتين لتحقيق الإزالة المتزامنة للمواد العضوية والمغذيات (النتروجين والفوسفور) من مياه الصرف الصحي. المجموعة الأولى: تم ملء المفاعل الحيوي الهوائي بما يصل إلى 7% على أساس الحجم الفعال، المجموعة الثانية: تمت تعبئة جميع المفاعلات الحيوية بما يصل إلى 7% على أساس الحجم الفعال. في كلا المجموعتين كان تركيز الكتلة الحيوية المعلقة ضمن السائل المختلط MLSS= 2000 mg/L وزمن المكث الهيدروليكي HRT= 12.5 hours. تم مقارنة كفاءة المجموعتين من خلال تحليل كفاءات إزالةCOD ، SS ، NH4 +-N ، PO4-3. كفاءة الإزالة للمجموعة الأولى 94.71% و 90.52% و 95.73% و 92.55%على ا لتوالي بينما في المجموعة الثانية 96.53% و 89.82% و 98.29% و 95.61% على التوالي.  نلاحظ أن المعالجة عند إضافة القشور في جميع المفاعلات الحيوية هي الأفضل، لكن كفاءة إزالة الـ SS انخفضت بشكل طفيف والسبب في ذلك يعود إلى تحلل القشور (المادة العضوية). أظهرت النتائج الثبات الجيد للنظام المعدل دون إضافة أي مصادر كربونية خارجية حيث أن قشور اللوز لديها القدرة على إطلاق الكربون للبكتيريا، امتزاز الملوثات وتُعتبر حامل ممتاز للبكتيريا (الغشاء البيولوجي).
Aportaciones de la Enasem a 20 años del primer levantamiento
Authors: Márquez-Colín Graciela
Published: October 2023

La Encuesta Nacional sobre Salud y Envejecimiento en México (Enasem) constituye un estudio longitudinal que inició en el año 2001, con entrevistas de seguimiento en 2003, 2012, 2015, 2018 y 2021. Actualmente, la encuesta cumplió 20 años desde su primer levantamiento, dando así continuidad a las personas de la muestra original y añadiendo nuevas muestras en 2012 y 2018. La Enasem es una fuente de información sobre distintos aspectos de la vida de mujeres y hombres de 50 años o más, en temas sociodemográficos, económicos, de salud física y mental, estilo de vida y de uso de tiempo.
Celebrating 20 years of longitudinal research on aging in Mexico
Authors: Nielsen Lisbeth
Published: October 2023

The Division of Behavioral and Social Research (BSR) at the National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), is the leading U.S. funder of social, behavioral, psychological, and economic research on the processes of aging at the individual and population level. A cornerstone of our investments is the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a longitudinal study launched by NIA in 1992 with support from the Social Security Administration.
Health-related fitness in medical students: A Curricular Intervention in Bogota, Colombia
Authors: Paez Diana C. , Cortés-Corrales Sebastian , Jimenez-Mora Mario A. , Gutiérrez Agustín , Arango-Paternina Carlos M. , Duperly John
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of a curricular intervention to promote health-related fitness (HRF) among medical students in Bogota, Colombia.
METHOD
The study was conducted between May 2014 and December 2015 as part of the medical physiology course, in which 208 medical students were enrolled. The curricular intervention included two lectures on physical activity (PA) and student-led group presentations on the physiological effects of exercise on human physiology. An academic incentive (10% of final grade) was given to students who reported and documented regular PA practice during the semester. This study assessed students' HRF variables, perceptions of the curriculum intervention, and PA practices using quantitative and qualitative approaches.
RESULTS
Fifty-five percent of the students were female, with a mean age of 19.5 years. Body fat, estimated maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), handgrip and sit-up strength showed statistically significant improvements at the end of the intervention. Students reported that PA practice was positively influenced by the curriculum intervention, particularly the academic incentive and the HRF tests. Students reported a wide variety of PA practices, which were mainly done with friends, classmates or family members. Lack of time was the main reported barrier to PA practice.
CONCLUSION
The curricular intervention was effective in improving HRF and promoting PA. It remains to be investigated whether these gains are sustained over time.
Covalent-coordination driven hierarchical assembly of tubular frameworks
Authors: Su Cheng-Yong , Xu Hai-Sen , Luo Yi , Liang Lin , Li Runlai , Wang Hongfei , Chen Ting , Jiao Wen-Na , Huang Si , Zhu Wei-De , Nero Mathias , Chen Fangzheng , Gao Qiang , Li Xing , Pan Mei , Willhammar Tom , Loh Kian Ping
Published: October 2023

Hierarchical assembly, inspired by nature, is widely employed by chemists to construct complex materials using elementary building units, mainly depending on the non-covalent interactions owing to their dynamic binding nature1–6. Integrating covalent bonds into hierarchical assembly processes can impart anisotropic mechanical properties, but poses significant challenges. Here we present a covalent-coordination driven hierarchical assembly strategy to build highly crystalline tubular frameworks. A multilevel oriented organization assembly process driven by dynamic covalent, coordination, metal-ionic interactions of subcomponents is shown to be versatile, producing a supramolecular nanotubular framework (SNF) and three covalently-linked nanotubular frameworks (CNFs). These materials consist of well-ordered triangular nanotubes assembled in an oriented manner, with their atomic-resolution structures thoroughly characterised. In CNFs, the spacing between adjacent nanotubes can be systematically adjusted by altering the connector lengths to create mesoporous structures with adjustable pore size7. Moreover, reversible transformations between CNFs and two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs)8–12 were achieved by the reversible addition and removal of Zn(NO3)2. This study represents a significant advancement in hierarchical assembly, opening up new possibilities for the design and application of novel materials across diverse fields.
Degradation of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun vent-proximal edifice in Iceland
Authors: Sutton Sarah S. , Richardson Jacob A. , Whelley Patrick L. , Scheidt Stephen P. , Hamilton Christopher W.
Published: October 2023

The earliest stages of volcanic vent degradation are rarely measured, leaving a gap in the knowledge that informs landform degradation models of cinder cones and other monogenetic vent structures. We documented the initial degradation of a 500 m long spatter rampart at the primary vent of the 2014–2015 Holuhraun eruption in northern Iceland with high resolution topographic change maps derived from terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and photogrammetric surveys using an unoccupied aircraft system (UAS). Topographic differencing shows a total negative volume change of 55,687 m3, and a total positive volume change (basal deposition) of 9,640 m3. Two distinct styles of volume changes were observed on the interior and exterior of the spatter rampart. Material on the interior of the vent was removed from oversteepened slopes by discrete rockfalls, while diffusive processes were qualitatively evident on the exterior slopes. We propose a novel conceptual landform evolution model for spatter ramparts that combines rockfall processes on the interior walls, diffusive gravitational sliding on the exterior slopes, and incorporates cooling contraction and compaction over the entire edifice to describe the observed modes of topographic change during the onset of degradation. Potential hazards at fresh spatter ramparts are rockfalls at high slope areas of the vent interior walls where contacts between spatter clasts are prone to weakening by fumarolic activity, weathering, and settling. To capture such hazards, our data suggest a cadence for monitoring changes yearly for the first few years post-eruption, and at longer intervals thereafter.
DOM: Dual Optical Mapping Combining Sequence-specific Markers and A/T Frequency-dependent Profiles
Authors: Jo Kyubong , Bae Jaeyong , Kim Yunchul , Choe Juhee , Hong Jinhui , Lee Byoungsang , Hashiya Kaori , Bando Toshikazu , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Lee Seonghyun , Lee Jung Heon
Published: October 2023

We introduce Dual Optical Mapping (DOM), a method combining sequence-specific barcodes and AT frequency-dependent profiles. Conventional optical mapping primarily depends on barcodes generated by sequence-specific enzymes. There are also several AT frequency-dependent profiling methods. However, these methods often face challenges, including reduced confidence due to large distances between labels, the occurrence of false positives and negatives, and issues of single-molecule heterogeneity. Addressing these limitations, we devised DOM, which integrates sparse sequence-specific labeling with dense AT-specific staining, and developed an alignment program, DOM.py. Leveraging the experimental characterization of AT-specific staining, we generated an in silico reference map through computer simulation. As a demonstration of its efficacy, we applied DOM to the E. coli genome. Impressively, 178 out of 182 single-molecule DNA images were accurately mapped to the genome, yielding a 98% alignment rate. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of DOM to confidently map single-molecule DNA images to genomes.
Environment-induced heritable variations are common
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Ye , Lin Xiaohe , Yin Junjie , Wang Yifan , Yao Jing , Li Qingshun Q. , Latzel Vit , Bossdorf Oliver
Published: October 2023

Parental or ancestral environments can induce heritable phenotypic changes, but whether such environment-induced heritable changes are a common phenomenon remains unexplored. Here, we subjected 14 genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana to 10 different environmental treatments and observed phenotypic and genome-wide gene expression changes over successive generations. We found that all environmental treatments caused heritable phenotypic and gene expression changes, with a substantial proportion stably transmitted over all observed generations. Intriguingly, the susceptibility of a genotype to environmental inductions could be predicted based on the transposon abundance in the genome. Our study thus challenges the classic view that the environment only participates in the selection of heritable variation and suggests that the environment can broadly contribute to the generation of heritable variation.
Assessment of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among physiotherapists in Cameroon: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: MUNTESSU Dilane Landry NSANGOU , Ghassi Hyacinte Trésor , Buh Franklin Chu , Nietho Ange Wandji , Siewe Julio Rostan , Mpatoutou Mpatoutou Me
Published: October 2023

Background
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is reported to ease effective and adequate decision making for all works of life including health professionals. Investigating the level of implementation of EBP among physiotherapists helps to identify barriers and propose solutions for its extensive implementation. Despite available data on EBP elsewhere, it remains limited or non-existent in Cameroon. We aimed by this study to establish the current state of evidence-based practice among physiotherapists in Cameroon, by assessing knowledge, practice, and as well as barriers to its implementation.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted online among French- and English-speaking physiotherapists in Cameroon over a period of six months, between April and July 2023, using the EBP2 questionnaire. This enabled us to collect socio-demographic data from participants, as well as information on their knowledge, understanding and practice of EBP and possible barriers to EBP according to 5 domains (Confidence, Relevance, Terminology, Practice, Compatibility) scored out of 100. Data were analysed were using IBM SPSS 25.0 software and Pearson correlations (95% CI, P < 0.05).
Results
A total of 110 physiotherapists practising in the 10 regions of Cameroon participated in the study. The majority were male (54.5%), the median age was 34 years (min20, max50), the median year of graduation was 2019 (min2004, max2022) and 72.7% had never been trained in EBP. Physiotherapists scored below 50/100 for 3 domains (confidence, relevance, and compatibility) showing poor general knowledge and understanding of EBP, although they generally had positive attitude. The use of EBP in practice was low (26.31/100 +/- 6.53), despite that they appeared to have a good understanding of research terminology (55.43+-17.29). Level of study did not appear to significantly influence domain scores (P > 0.05). The main barriers to practice were lack of time (75.17%), workload (66.05%), cost of access to information resources like databases (60%), ease of access to computers (49.08%), and lack of resources (49.09%).
Conclusion
Physiotherapists in Cameroon have a poor knowledge of EBP and a low level of practice of EBP was observed, despite an overall positive attitude. These results could inform stakeholders of higher education on the need to improve training of physiotherapy students. Also, it will aide in raising the level of scientific research and promoting the implementation of EBP in Cameroon.
Tonsil explants as a human in vitro model to study immune responses to vaccines
Authors: Berger Christoph , Bonaiti Elena , Muraro Manuele , Robert Philippe , Jakscha Jens , Dirnhofer Stefan , Martin Ivan
Published: October 2023

Vaccination is one of the most effective infection prevention strategies. Viruses with high mutation rates -such as influenza- escape vaccine-induced immunity and represent significant challenges to vaccine design. Influenza vaccine strain selection is based on circulating strains and immunogenicity testing in animal models with limited predictive outcomes for vaccine effectiveness in humans. Here, we developed a human in vitro vaccination model using human tonsil tissue explants cultured in 3D perfusion bioreactors to be utilized as a platform to test and improve vaccines. Tonsils cultured in bioreactors showed higher viability, metabolic activity, and more robust immune responses than those in static cultures. Our in vitro vaccination system responded to various premanufactured vaccines, protein antigens, and antigen combinations. In particular, a multivalent in vitro immunization with three phylogenetically distant H3N2 influenza strains induced higher B cell differentiation, T cell activation, and antibody cross-reactivity compared to combinations with more related strains. Moreover, we demonstrate the capacity of our in vitro model to generate de novo humoral immune responses. Thus, our study indicates that perfusion-cultured tonsil tissue is a valuable human in vitro model for immunology research with potential application in vaccine candidate selection.
Influence of laser beam process parameters on the bending ability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets
Authors: Naqvi Syed Mesum Raza , Haidry Azhar Ali , Xie Deqiao , Ahmad Shahzad , Liu Yang , Chen Ya , Jiao Chen , Jamil Muhammad , Yan Chongjing , Shen Lida
Published: October 2023

Laser bending is a flexible technique that requires no external tools for the bending and shaping of metallic components. It utilizes a laser heat source to achieve the desired shapes due to thermally induced stresses inside the metallic sheets. Examining the impact of process variables on the bending angle deformation is very important to achieve the required shapes. This work presents, the numerical and experimental analysis of the bending behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets under the constant line energy concept. The numerical simulations for the laser bending method have been developed through Abaqus to examine the transient temperature fields, thermal stress, and strain characteristics. Furthermore, the experimental analysis has been compared with the numerical simulation analysis to observe the consequences of variation in process parameters such as laser powers and scanning speeds on the bending capability. In addition, the influence of process parameters on the surface morphology of the laser-scanned Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimens has been observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The findings show that the bending angle extent is directly related to the simultaneous increment in laser power and scanning velocity. An increase in line energy value shows a significant enhancement in bending angle. The laser-induced heat flux, beam interaction time, and temperature gradient at high laser powers and high scanning speeds are significant factors that are responsible for the extent of bending of sheets. Moreover, melting and thermal oxidation have been observed during the (SEM) analysis at high laser power. The numerical simulation and experimental outcomes are helpful for the selection of optimum process conditions in the laser bending method of Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheets.
Forensic Engineering Technique for Analysis of an Explosion Incident
Authors: Tanapornraweekit Ganchai , Abeysinghe Thimira , Tangtermsirikul Somnuk
Published: October 2023

This article investigates the validity of current forensic practices to analyze an explosion event. The real explosion incident at Erawan shrine in central Bangkok on August 17, 2015 is selected as a case study. By comparing the structural damage at the blast site to that obtained from FE analyses, an equivalent bare charge weight of TNT used in the incident can be estimated. It is found that an equivalent bare charge TNT weight of 3 kg could possibly be used for the bomb. Furthermore, the cased charge weight can be calculated based on the equivalent weight of bare TNT charge. To confirm the validity of the calculated explosive weight, a combined lethal zone from blast pressure and scattered fragments was analysed. Human damage from blast pressure is analysed based on the Bowen’s lethality curves. Lethality zone from exploded fragments is drawn based on a 50% probability of lethality which considers hit density and kinetic energy of fragment. The analysed lethal zone agrees reasonably well with the actual observed damage level. With the proposed forensic engineering technique, the management and policies for homeland security can be improved for a safer community.
Differentiation granules, a dynamic regulator of T. brucei development.
Authors: Cayla Mathieu , Spanos Christos , Waskett Eliza , Rappsilber Juri , Matthews Keith
Published: October 2023

Adaptation to a change of environment is an essential process for survival, in particular for parasitic organisms exposed to a wide range of hosts. Such adaptations include rapid control of gene expression through the formation of membraneless organelles composed of poly-A RNA and proteins. The African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei is exquisitely sensitive to well-defined environmental stimuli that trigger cellular adaptations through differentiation events that characterise its complex life cycle. The parasite has been shown to form stress granules in vitro and it has been proposed that such a stress response could have been repurposed to enable differentiation and facilitate parasite transmission. Therefore, we explored the composition and positional dynamics of membraneless granules formed in response to starvation stress and during differentiation in the mammalian host between the replicative slender and transmission adapted stumpy forms. We find that T. brucei differentiation does not reflect the default response to environmental stress. Instead, the developmental response of the parasites involves a specific and programmed hierarchy of membraneless granule assembly, with distinct components and regulation by protein kinases such as TbDYRK, that are required for the parasite to successfully progress through its life cycle development and prepare for transmission.
Effectiveness of SAC-SMA model to simulate streamflow in the Colombian Andes: results for watersheds with different physical properties and high climate variability
Authors: Alvarez Mariana , Barco Janet
Published: October 2023

The Andean region of Colombia, characterized by hydrometeorological extreme events and watershed complex topography, give rise to the main rivers of the Colombia fluvial network, essential for agriculture, ecosystems, consumption, and hydropower generation. Therefore, promote hydrology research and direct policy making towards sustainable and integrated water resources management for the Andean region is needed. This study evaluates the spatially lumped Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC-SMA) model for 12 Colombian watersheds located in the Andean region with different climate regimes and geomorphological features. The model inputs include rainfall and streamflow data from gauges stations and potential evapotranspiration and land cover satellite-​based data. The model calibration was performed using a Multistep Automatic Calibration Scheme coupled with the Shuffled Complex Evolution optimization algorithm. SAC-SMA Model performance was evaluated with Nash-Sutcliffe, Kling–Gupta efficiency, and Percent Bias. The model shows good performance, exhibiting NSE values > 0.5, KGE > 0.5 and Bias ±18% for the calibration period. Streamflow is underestimated for all watersheds in the calibration period and underestimated as well in the validation in 7/12 watersheds, however, the calibrated model was able to predict the observed outputs with reasonable accuracy. Correlation analysis show an impact of the watershed slope on the factors that control the different types of flows. The model results show the capabilities of SAC-SMA on representing the hydrograph recession and estimation of the baseflow in the study watersheds. This study provides information for land-use planning, agriculture, flood and drought risk management and water resources management in the Andean region.