bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering model of dielectric strength in phase‐to‐phase air gaps
Authors: Gao Jiachen , Wang Linong , Lian Zhangxiang , Li Guanlin , Fang Yaqi , Song Bin
Published: June 2020

Phase‐to‐phase air gap is a type of external insulation in power transmission and transformation projects. The dielectric strength of phase‐to‐phase air gaps affects the safety and reliability of power systems. Currently, in the external insulation design of power transmission and transformation projects, discharge tests are mainly used to obtain the dielectric strength of air gaps. Due to the lack of reasonable prediction model of dielectric strength, the design of the tests is not reasonable enough, which are time consuming and costly. In order to solve the problem, an engineering model of dielectric strength in phase‐to‐phase air gaps was proposed in this study. The engineering model could predict the dielectric strength in phase‐to‐phase air gaps by finite‐element method simulation and numerical calculation. In this study, the engineering model was applied in ultra high voltage (UHV) substations and UHV compact transmission lines to predict the dielectric strength of tubular busbar phase‐to‐phase air gaps and conductor phase‐to‐phase air gaps. The predicted results were in good agreement with discharge test results, and the errors were <6%, which proved the engineering model has certain applicability in power transmission and transformation projects.
Broadband integrated rectenna using differential rectifier and hybrid coupler
Authors: Chandravanshi Sandhya , Katare Kranti Kumar , Akhtar Mohammad Jaleel
Published: June 2020

In this study, a novel broadband rectenna system, capable of extracting energy from multiple RF sources is presented. The proposed topology employs a novel rectifying circuit comprising a two‐port differential rectifier integrated with the hybrid coupler on a single board, which is the first structure of its kind possessing higher reliability. During measurement, the maximum efficiency of the proposed rectifying circuit is found to be at 4 dBm with the maximum DC voltage of 3.6 V. The proposed broadband RF energy harvesting circuit, comprising the newly designed rectifying circuit integrated with a broadband high gain Yagi antenna, can operate in the frequency range starting from 1.55 to 2.6 GHz. The broadband operation of the proposed rectenna is validated by performing measurement at three frequency points 1.81, 2.08 and 2.45 GHz using both single tone and two‐tone methods in the anechoic chamber as well as in the lab environment. The proposed broadband rectenna configuration can potentially be used for extracting the RF energy simultaneously from multiple RF sources, while delivering the maximum power to a standard load.
Entangled edge states of corank one with positive partial transposes
Authors: Choi Jinwon , Kiem Young-Hoon , Kye Seung-Hyeok
Published: June 2020

We construct a parameterized family of n ⊗ n PPT (positive partial transpose) states of corank one for each n ≥ 3. With a suitable choice of parameters, we show that they are n ⊗ n PPT entangled edge states of corank one for 3 ≤ n ≤ 1000. They violate the range criterion for separability in the most extreme way. Note that corank one is the smallest possible corank for such states. The corank of the partial transpose is given by 2n − 3, which is also the smallest possible corank for the partial transposes of PPT entangled edge states of corank one. They provide the first explicit examples of such states for n ≥ 4.
Low voltage, high gain inverters based on amorphous zinc tin oxide on flexible substrates
Authors: Schlupp P. , Vogt S. , von Wenckstern H. , Grundmann M.
Published: June 2020

Deposition of semiconductors on bendable substrates is a crucial step toward flexible circuitry and deposition by a roll-to-roll process. Since most bendable substrates have limited temperature stability (normally degradation starts between 150 °C and 300 °C), processing temperatures are typically below that of rigid substrates. Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs) such as indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) can be fabricated at room temperature (RT) and exhibit electron mobilities >10 cm2 V−1 s−1 being a pre-requisite for application in backplanes of displays. While IGZO is already commercially exploited, the search for alternative materials is highly relevant because indium and gallium are rare and expensive. Zinc tin oxide (ZTO) is a promising AOS since zinc and tin are highly abundant and cheap. In this letter, we discuss RT-fabricated n-type ZTO thin films used as the channel material in flexible inverter circuits based on junction field-effect transistors. RT-fabricated nickel oxide is used as a semitransparent p-type gate material. The devices are fabricated on flexible polyimide and exhibit an excellent peak gain magnitude of 464 and uncertainty level as low as 130 mV at a supply voltage of only 3 V. They are characterized before and after bending at various radii. Even after bending at 2 mm radius, the inverters behave still very well.
Layer-by-layer assembly aids in the creation of artificial photosynthesis
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: June 2020

Using atomic layer deposition to link electron acceptors, light absorbers and catalysts is a viable approach to creating a solar-powered water oxidizing electrode.
Domain formation in bicomponent vesicles induced by composition-curvature coupling
Authors: Cornet Julie , Destainville Nicolas , Manghi Manoel
Published: June 2020

Lipid vesicles composed of a mixture of two types of lipids are studied by intensive Monte Carlo numerical simulations. The coupling between the local composition and the membrane shape is induced by two different spontaneous curvatures of the components. We explore the various morphologies of these biphasic vesicles coupled to the observed patterns such as nano-domains or labyrinthine mesophases. The effect of the difference in curvatures, the surface tension, and the interaction parameter between components is thoroughly explored. Our numerical results quantitatively agree with the previous analytical results obtained by Gueguen et al. [Eur. Phys. J. E 37, 76 (2014)] in the disordered (high temperature) phase. Numerical simulations allow us to explore the full parameter space, especially close to and below the critical temperature, where analytical results are not accessible. Phase diagrams are constructed and domain morphologies are quantitatively studied by computing the structure factor and the domain size distribution. This mechanism likely explains the existence of nano-domains in cell membranes as observed by super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.
Mode-field switching of nanolasers
Authors: Pellegrino Daniele , Busi Pierre , Pagliano Francesco , Romeira Bruno , van Otten Frank W. , Silov Andrei Yu. , Fiore Andrea
Published: June 2020

Due to their small sizes and low threshold, nanolasers play a pivotal role in the field of low-energy scalable photonic technologies. High-speed modulation of nanolasers is needed for their application in data communication, but its implementation has been hampered by the small scales involved, leading to large electrical parasitics. Here we experimentally demonstrate the proof-of-principle of a novel modulation technique, namely, mode-field switching, which unlocks the control of the laser operation via the modulation of the electromagnetic field. In particular, we show that stimulated emission can be inhibited by switching the lasing mode from bright to dark in a three-coupled cavity system. The experimental results are in good agreement with a model that combines coupled-mode theory and rate equations. Using this model, we show that time-dependent detuning schemes enable storage and release of energy under the form of short pulses, placing mode-field switching among the techniques for laser modulation and pulse generation. This scheme is general and can be implemented in every platform displaying coupled and tuneable resonances.
Chaotic dynamics of graphene and graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Hillebrand M. , Many Manda B. , Kalosakas G. , Gerlach E. , Skokos Ch.
Published: June 2020

We study the chaotic dynamics of graphene structures, considering both a periodic, defect free, graphene sheet and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) of various widths. By numerically calculating the maximum Lyapunov exponent, we quantify the chaoticity for a spectrum of energies in both systems. We find that for all cases, the chaotic strength increases with the energy density and that the onset of chaos in graphene is slow, becoming evident after more than 104 natural oscillations of the system. For the GNRs, we also investigate the impact of the width and chirality (armchair or zigzag edges) on their chaotic behavior. Our results suggest that due to the free edges, the chaoticity of GNRs is stronger than the periodic graphene sheet and decreases by increasing width, tending asymptotically to the bulk value. In addition, the chaotic strength of armchair GNRs is higher than a zigzag ribbon of the same width. Furthermore, we show that the composition of 12C and 13C carbon isotopes in graphene has a minor impact on its chaotic strength.
Microwave applications of photonic topological insulators
Authors: Ma Shukai , Anlage Steven M.
Published: June 2020

This Perspective examines the emerging applications of photonic topological insulators (PTIs) in the microwave domain. The introduction of topological protection of light has revolutionized the traditional perspective of wave propagation through the demonstration of backscatter-free waveguides in the presence of sharp bending and strong structural defects. The pseudospin degree of freedom of light enables the invention of unprecedented topological photonic devices with useful functionalities. Our aim is to present a brief introduction of recent developments in microwave PTI demonstrations. We give a clear comparison of different PTI realizations, summarize the key features giving rise to topological protection, and present a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of PTI technology compared to existing microwave device technology. We conclude with forward-looking perspectives of how the advantages of this technology can best be exploited.
On the use of peristaltic waves for the transport of soft particles: A numerical study
Authors: Taghilou B. , Pourjafar M. , Sadeghy K.
Published: June 2020

Peristaltic transport of inelastic circular droplets immersed in an immiscible viscous fluid is numerically studied in a planar two-dimensional channel using the finite-volume method. Numerical results could be obtained for a wide range of droplet’s material properties at large deformations. Based on the results obtained in this work, for a particle that is initially placed at the centerline, an increase in the droplet’s viscosity is predicted to increase its transport velocity, but the effect can saturate at viscosity ratios as small as two. The transport velocity is shown to linearly increase with the droplet’s density, but the effect turns out to be quite weak. An increase in the interfacial tension is found to lower the transport velocity although the effect appears to approach an asymptote. Depending on their size and the Weber number, droplets are predicted to move faster or slower than rigid particles. The transport velocity of droplets is found to increase with an increase in the wave speed or, equivalently, the Reynolds number. Off-center droplets are predicted to migrate toward the wall or toward the centerline. Droplets that migrate toward the centerline remain a short distance away from it under steady conditions. Distribution of surface forces is used to explain some of these results with viscous normal stress predicted to play a key role in controlling the dynamics of droplets in peristaltic flow.
Interfacial viscosity-dictated morpho-dynamics of a compound drop in linear flows
Authors: Das Sayan , Mandal Shubhadeep , Chakraborty Suman
Published: June 2020

Compound droplets are excellent analogs of complex biological entities such as vesicles or cells. Despite significant advancements toward understanding the morphological evolution of a compound droplet in an incipient flow, the specific role of interfacial rheology toward dictating the same remains unaddressed. Here, we bring out non-trivial implications of interfacial rheology on the deformation of a compound drop subject to an imposed flow. The interfacial viscosity, in effect, interacts with the flow-induced non-uniform surfactant distribution to alter the droplet morpho-dynamics in a rather engaging manner. We employ a closed-form analytical approach to delineate the relative roles of advective and diffusive transport. In the paradigm of diffusion-dominated interfacial transport, viscous interfacial stress arrests the droplet deformation, thus enhancing its stability. However, for large values of the interfacial dilatational viscosity, the drop deformation increases with the interfacial shear viscosity. On the contrary, in the paradigm of surface convection-dominated surfactant transport, the interfacial rheology does not have any significant effect on either the shape deformation or the emulsion rheology. These results may pave a way toward explaining several unique features of complex fluid–fluid interfaces encountered in nature and biology.
Graphene as reusable substrate for bialkali photocathodes
Authors: Guo Lei , Yamaguchi Hisato , Yamamoto Masahiro , Matsui Fumihiko , Wang Gaoxue , Liu Fangze , Yang Ping , Batista Enrique R. , Moody Nathan A. , Takashima Yoshifumi , Katoh Masahiro
Published: June 2020

Bialkali photocathodes, such as cesium potassium antimonide (CsK2Sb), can generate a high-brightness electron beam using a high-power green laser. These photocathode materials have potential applications in advanced accelerators and electron microscopes. It is known that the quantum efficiency (QE) of these photocathodes is affected severely by their substrates; however, reusability of the substrates is not well known. Here, we use graphene, silicon (Si), and molybdenum (Mo) substrates to evaluate the effects of substrates on the QE of redeposited CsK2Sb photocathodes after thermal cleanings. We found that the QE of CsK2Sb photocathodes redeposited on a graphene substrate after thermal cleaning at 500 °C remained largely unchanged. On the other hand, the QE of redeposited photocathodes on Si and Mo substrates after thermal cleaning at the same temperature decreased drastically. We used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to quantitatively evaluate the residues of photocathodes after thermal cleaning at 400 °C and 500 °C. We found that Sb, K, and Cs are removed by thermal cleaning at 500 °C for the graphene substrate, but all or the majority of these elements remained on the Si and Mo substrates. The results were consistent with our density functional theory calculations for the case of Si, which we investigated. Furthermore, our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on graphene indicated that its intrinsic electronic structure is preserved after photocathode deposition and thermal cleaning at 500 °C. Hence, we attributed the difference in the amount of photocathode residue to the unique dangling-bond-free surface of inert graphene. Our results provide a foundation for graphene-based reusable substrates for high-QE semiconductor photocathodes.
Super-resolution localization microscopy: Toward high throughput, high quality, and low cost
Authors: Ma Hongqiang , Liu Yang
Published: June 2020

After nearly 15 years since its initial debut, super-resolution localization microscopy that surpasses the diffraction-limited resolution barrier of optical microscopy has rapidly gotten out of the ivory tower and entered a new phase to address various challenging biomedical questions. Recent advances in this technology greatly increased the imaging throughput, improved the imaging quality, simplified the sample preparation, and reduced the system cost, making this technology suitable for routine biomedical research. We will provide our perspective on the recent technical advances and their implications in serving the community of biomedical research.
Spin coherence and depths of single nitrogen-vacancy centers created by ion implantation into diamond via screening masks
Authors: Ishizu Shuntaro , Sasaki Kento , Misonou Daiki , Teraji Tokuyuki , Itoh Kohei M. , Abe Eisuke
Published: June 2020

We characterize single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers created by 10-keVN+ ion implantation into diamond via thin SiO2 layers working as screening masks. Despite the relatively high acceleration energy compared with standard ones (<5keV) used to create near-surface NV centers, the screening masks modify the distribution of N+ ions to be peaked at the diamond surface [Ito et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 110, 213105 (2017)]. We examine the relation between coherence times of the NV electronic spins and their depths, demonstrating that a large portion of NV centers are located within 10 nm from the surface, consistent with Monte Carlo simulations. The effect of the surface on the NV spin coherence time is evaluated through noise spectroscopy, surface topography, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Penconazole and calcium ameliorate drought stress in canola by upregulating the antioxidative enzymes
Authors: Rezayian Maryam , Niknam Vahid , Ebrahimzadeh Hassan
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to gauge the alternations in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activity in two cultivars (cv. RGS003 and cv. Sarigol) of canola under drought stress and drought tolerance amelioration by penconazole (PEN) and calcium (Ca). Plants were treated with different polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15%) without or with PEN (15 mg L–1) and Ca (15 mM). The Ca treatment prevented the negative effects of drought on fresh weight (FW) in RGS003 and Sarigol at 5 and 15% PEG respectively. Ca and PEN/Ca treatments caused significant induction in the proline content in Sarigol at 15% PEG; the latter treatment was accompanied by higher glycine betaine (GB), lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and growth recovery. Hydrogen peroxide (HO2) content in Sarigol was proportional to the severity of drought stress and all PEN, Ca and PEN/Ca treatments significantly reduced the H2O2 content. PEN and PEN/Ca caused alleviation of the drought-induced oxidative stress in RGS003. RGS003 cultivar exhibited significantly higher antioxidative enzymes activity at most levels of drought, which could lead to its drought tolerance and lower MDA content. In contrast to that of Sarigol, the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with Ca and PEN/Ca treatments in RGS003 under low stress. The application of PEN and Ca induced significantly P5CS and SOD expression in RGS003 under drought stress after 24 h. Overall, these data demonstrated that PEN and Ca have the ability to enhance the tolerance against the drought stress in canola plants.
Mass measurements during lymphocytic leukemia cell polyploidization decouple cell cycle- and cell size-dependent growth
Authors: Mu Luye , Kang Joon Ho , Olcum Selim , Payer Kristofor R. , Calistri Nicholas L. , Kimmerling Robert J. , Manalis Scott R. , Miettinen Teemu P.
Published: June 2020

Significance

Cell size is believed to influence cell growth through limited transport efficiency in larger cells. However, this has not been experimentally investigated due to a lack of noninvasive, high-precision growth quantification methods suitable for measuring large cells. Here, we have engineered large versions of microfluidic mass sensors called suspended microchannel resonators in order to study the growth of single mammalian cells that range 100-fold in mass. Our measurements, which decouple growth effects caused by cell cycle and cell size, revealed that absolute cell size does not impose strict transport or other limitations that would inhibit growth and that cell cycle has a large influence on growth.
Correcting misperceptions of exponential coronavirus growth increases support for social distancing
Authors: Lammers Joris , Crusius Jan , Gast Anne
Published: June 2020

Significance

Given the current lack of an effective vaccine to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), one of the most effective ways to prevent the illness is social distancing. At the same time, a sizeable portion of the public fails to see the necessity of such measures. We identify one root cause for this: People mistakenly perceive the coronavirus to grow in a linear manner, underestimating its actual potential for exponential growth. We show that correcting this perceptual error significantly increases support for social distancing. This research shows the importance of statistical literacy among the general public for increasing support to fight the coronavirus using the most effective method currently available.
Building disciplinary knowledge through multimodal presentation
Authors: Ouyang Qianhua , Yu Yi , Fu Ai
Published: June 2020

Digital innovations are revolutionizing education, bringing opportunities that are seized across disciplines including
conference interpreting training. This research draws a transdisciplinary framework of Legitimation Code Theory and multimodality research
to explore how to build and transfer the disciplinary knowledge of interpreting via an on-line course, a staple of today’s education. The
paper first conceptualizes the disciplinary knowledge of interpreting as elite code that entails both specialist knowledge of high semantic
density and tacit experience of professionals of the trade. Then, drawing on empirical data from the first interpreting MOOC in China, the
paper describes how knowledge of different semantic features is built through distinctive patterns of multimodal presentation. Effectiveness
of the multimodal presentation of knowledge is then triangulated with learning outcome research. Findings of this paper highlight how
multimodal presentation in on-line lectures support the process of learning and hence elicit reflective perspectives on knowledge building
of interpreting in the on-line space.
Promoting academic literacy skills among seven graders in Arabic as L1 in Israel (El fomento del lenguaje académico de los estudiantes de lengua árabe en el primer curso de secundaria en Israel)
Authors: Makhoul Bahaa , Copti-Mshael Thuraia
Published: June 2020

The current study presents findings from an academic literacy intervention programme targeting Arabic-native-speaking seventh-graders. Ninety-two pupils were assigned to either print (36 pupils) or computerized (30 pupils) learning platforms, whereas the remaining pupils (26) were in a control group. Three academic vocabulary knowledge tests (receptive, productive and application in context) and a reading comprehension test were administered before and after intervention. Additionally, prior to intervention, both experimental groups were assessed for Arabic diglossic context awareness. Following intervention, higher improvement in vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension was observed as compared to the control group. No significant differences were found between the two learning platforms. Awareness of Arabic diglossic context predicted 26% of pupils’ performance on the application pre-test, 18% of their performance on the receptive pre-test and 10.4% of their performance on reading comprehension. Gender effects were also noted with girls outperforming boys. The study results point to the benefits of an academic literacy intervention on promoting performance of Arabic-native-speaking middle schoolers. Awareness of Arabic’s diglossic nature and gender seem to modulate academic literacy performance.
Anti-human TREM2 induces microglia proliferation and reduces pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease model
Authors: Wang Shoutang , Mustafa Meer , Yuede Carla M. , Salazar Santiago Viveros , Kong Philip , Long Hua , Ward Michael , Siddiqui Omer , Paul Robert , Gilfillan Susan , Ibrahim Adiljan , Rhinn Hervé , Tassi Ilaria , Rosenthal Arnon , Schwabe Tina , Colonna Marco
Published: June 2020

TREM2 is a receptor for lipids expressed in microglia. The R47H variant of human TREM2 impairs ligand binding and increases Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. In mouse models of amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation, defective TREM2 function affects microglial response to Aβ plaques, exacerbating tissue damage, whereas TREM2 overexpression attenuates pathology. Thus, AD may benefit from TREM2 activation. Here, we examined the impact of an anti-human TREM2 agonistic mAb, AL002c, in a mouse AD model expressing either the common variant (CV) or the R47H variant of TREM2. Single-cell RNA-seq of microglia after acute systemic administration of AL002c showed induction of proliferation in both CV- and R47H-transgenic mice. Prolonged administration of AL002c reduced filamentous plaques and neurite dystrophy, impacted behavior, and tempered microglial inflammatory response. We further showed that a variant of AL002c is safe and well tolerated in a first-in-human phase I clinical trial and engages TREM2 based on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. We conclude that AL002 is a promising candidate for AD therapy.
Realising a species-selective double well with multiple-radiofrequency-dressed potentials
Authors: Barker A J , Sunami S , Garrick D , Beregi A , Luksch K , Bentine E , Foot C J
Published: June 2020

Techniques to manipulate the individual constituents of an ultracold mixture are key to investigating impurity physics. In this work, we confine a mixture of hyperfine ground states of 87Rb atoms in a double-well potential. The potential is produced by dressing the atoms with multiple radiofrequencies. The amplitude and phase of each frequency component of the dressing field are controlled to independently manipulate each species. Furthermore, we verify that our mixture of hyperfine states is collisionally stable, with no observable inelastic loss.
Effect of precursor pH on AuNP/MWCNT nanocomposites synthesized by plasma-induced non-equilibrium electrochemistry
Authors: Sun Daye , Maddi Chiranjeevi , Rafferty Cormac , Tang Miao , Chen Mei , Falzon Brian G , Sarri Gianluca , Mariotti Davide , Maguire Paul , Sun Dan
Published: June 2020

In recent years, plasma-induced non-equilibrium electrochemistry (PiNE) has been increasingly used for the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, we investigated the effect of solution pH on the formation of AuNP/MWCNT nanocomposites synthesized by PiNE. It is found that resulting nanocomposite morphology can be manipulated by the solution pH with pH 2 giving the most uniformly distributed AuNP along the MWCNT surface during the nanocomposite formation. The detailed mechanisms of AuNP/MWCNT nanocomposites formation under different pH have been discussed. For selected AuNP/MWCNT, we further evaluated the photothermal conversion performance under a blue laser (wavelength 445 nm) and the material biocompatibility using HeLa cells. The promising photothermal capability and biocompatibility of the composite sample point to their potential future applications such as solar thermal conversion and healthcare technology.
Giving mass to the mediating boson of HyperSymmetry by a field transformation applying Higgs mechanism beyond the Standard Model
Authors: Darvas G
Published: June 2020

According to gauge theories, interaction mediating spin-0 bosons must be massless. Theory of hypersymmetry (HySy) predicted massive intermediate bosons. Hypersymmetry field rotation, to be described in this paper, gives mass to the HySy mediating boson. Hysy rotation is performed in the velocity dependent D field – a gauge field defined beyond the Standard Model (SM). Its angle is something similar to the weak mixing Weinberg angle that explains the surplus mass to the neutral weak vector boson; as well as it is similar to the fermion flavour mixing Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angles that justify the mass change under weakly interacting quarks’ mixing, respectively. Mass of intermediate bosons must arise from dynamical spontaneous breaking of the group of HySy. The mass of the discussed (fictitious) Goldstone bosons can be removed by the unitarity gauge condition through the Higgs (BEH) mechanism. According to the simultaneous presence of a SM interaction’s symmetry group and the HySy group, their bosons should be transformed together. Spontaneous breakdown of HySy may allow to perform a transformation that does not influence the SM physical state of the investigated system. The paper describes a field transformation that eliminates the mass of the intermediate bosons by the application of the BEH mechanism, rotates the SM and HySy bosons’ masses together, while leaves the SM bosons intact. The result is an angle of precession inclination that characterises the HySy mechanism. In contrast to the known SM intermediate bosons, the HySy intermediate bosons have no fix mass. The mass of the HySy intermediate bosons (that appear as quanta of a velocity dependent gauge field D) depends on the relative velocity of the particles whose interaction they mediate, therefore the derived transformation angle is a function of that velocity.
Paraphoton generation by the mesoporous photonic crystals
Authors: Alimkina I S , Filatov V V , Gorelik V S , Pichkurenko S V
Published: June 2020

We propose the new solid-state technique to generate paraphotons at a laboratory. To do this, we offer the using of the polaritons’ Bose-Einstein condensation in the mesoporous aluminum oxide photonic crystal film at the photonic bandgap edge. This way, in the nearest-to-the surface pore, the synchronicity conditions are met, and, due to the high density of polariton states, the two photons-to-a paraphoton converion is resonant.
Generalized Lie Algebraic Geometry in R3x SO(3) Configuration Space for SU(3) of Elementary Particles and for Wave-packing of Atomic Structure
Authors: Animalu A O E , Akpojotor G E , Edeagu S , Trell E , JIbeh G
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we show, by extending Lie’s original 1871 thesis “on philosophical reflections upon the nature of Cartesian geometry” based on “transformation by which surfaces that touch each other are turned into similar surfaces … between the Plucker line geometry and a geometry whose elements are the space’s spheres” to include toroidal deformation of the sphere, how an algebraic geometric principle of duality between points, lines and planes of 3..dimesional space provides a sufficiently general framework for realizations of Lie-algebra and its Lie-isotopic and Lie-admissible generalizations in solid state configuration space R3×SO(3) compatible with translational periodicity of 3–dimensional space lattice. The generalization provide not only representation of SU(3) symmetry of extended (string-like) elementary particles with complementary duality of leptons and baryons, but also dual wave-packet representation of atomic structure and the periodic table, highlighting the significance of the fact that Mendeleev originally moulded his two-dimensional rendering of the periodic system on the dual Sanskrit grammar/phonetics.
On the exponential decrease of the “cosmological constant” in the super-early Universe
Authors: Babourova O V , Frolov B N
Published: June 2020

Cosmological consequences of the Poincare-Weyl gauge theory of gravity are considered. A generalized cosmological constant depending from the Dirac scalar field is introduced. The stage of a super-early scale invariant universe is considered. It is shown that while the scale factor sharply increases and demonstrates inflationary behavior, the generalized cosmological constant decreases sharply from a huge value at the beginning of the Big Bang to an extremely small value in the modern era, which solves the well-known “cosmological constant problem”.
Global geometry of the Vaidya spacetime
Authors: Berezin V A , Dokuchaev V I , Eroshenko Yu N
Published: June 2020

The transformation from initial coordinates (v,r) of the Vaidya metric, with light coordinate v, to the more physical diagonal coordinates (t,r) is obtained and analyzed from the point of view of global geometry. The exact solutions have been obtained in the case of a linear form of the mass function m(v). In the diagonal coordinates under consideration, a narrow region has been revealed near the apparent horizon of the Vaidya accreting black hole, where the metric differs qualitatively from the Schwarzschild one and cannot be represented as a small perturbation of the Schwarzschild solution. The global geometry of the thick photon shell between the two (inner and outer) Schwarzschild regions is constructed and the corresponding matching conditions are discussed. The propagation of light beams in the Vaidya metric in the case of accretion is investigated and the time of the apparent horizon’s crossings is calculated.
A curved space-time with DISIMb(2) local relativistic symmetry and local gauge invariance of its Finslerian metric
Authors: Bogoslovsky G
Published: June 2020

It is shown that the equations of motion of test bodies as well as the observable quantities of proper time and 3-space distances are invariant under the local gauge transformations of the fields that determine DISIMb
(2) invariant Finslerian metric of a curved partially anisotropic space-time. The principle of the corresponding local gauge invariance makes it possible to effectively attack the problem of constructing the field Lagrangian and deriving the field equations of the Finslerian general relativity.
On the issue of gravitational radiation and thermonuclear fusion
Authors: Fisenko S I
Published: June 2020

In this work, without involving any additional assumptions and constructions (using only the equations of quantum mechanics and the equations of the relativistic theory with the A-member), a particle model was obtained, making it possible to calculate the quantum states generated by the gravitational interaction. Gravitational radiation (as a result of transitions over stationary states of a particle in its own gravitational field) can be excited in a dense high-temperature plasma and amplified under certain conditions, but its amplification will lead to compression of the radiating system. Consequently, under conditions of amplification of gravitational radiation, there will not be observedgravitational radiation itself, but only the result of its action. In this case, the quantitative characteristics of the spectrum of gravitational radiation (as radiation of the same level with electromagnetic radiation) can be determined by the broadening of the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation. The very fact of plasma compression by a radiated gravitational field can be used for thermonuclear fusion.
Emergency seismic sensing method of asteroid structure
Authors: Gerasimov Yu V , Konstantinov M Yu , Selivanov A B
Published: June 2020

The problem of the Earth protection against large celestial bodies, which have great kinetic energy and can pose a fatal threat to Earth civilization, is discussed. To select the method of threat elimination the information on the internal structure of a dangerous space object is necessary. The time deficiency complicates the problem. So, the method of emergency seismic sensing of the structure of a space body by a high-speed drummer is proposed.
Category forms of Local-Causality and Non-Signalling and their duals
Authors: Il’ichov L V
Published: June 2020

Two fundamental (meta)physical principles – NS (Non-Signalling condition which states the impossibility to communicate by means of physical correlations) and LC (the principle of Local Causality which isolates classical correlations from those responsible for non-locality) are considered in the framework of category theory. The original form of these principles operates with properties of common probability distributions for outcomes of measurements implemented in two space-time regions. The suggested category form consists of some assertions about special commutative diagrams. To any common probability distribution in the matter of discourse, an arrow (morphism) in these diagrams is associated. In fact, LC turns into the condition of the arrow being able to factor through a definite standard arrow. NS looks like uniqueness of an arrow which makes commutative a special diagram incorporating the considered arrow associated to the distribution. By means of these diagrams dual forms of NS and LC are suggested.
Macroscopic nonlocal correlations in reverse time by data of the Baikal Experiment
Authors: Korotaev S , Budnev N , Serdyuk V , Kiktenko E , Orekhova D , Gorohov J
Published: June 2020

Consideration of macroscopic entanglement in the framework of action-at-a- distance electrodynamics leads to rather simple description of macroscopic quantum nonlocal correlations between random dissipative processes in the source and detector. These correlations have both the retarded and advanced component. The latter means correlation in reverse time. Therewith the advanced component through an absorbing medium exceeds the retarded one. For diffusion entanglement swapping the retardation and advancement can be very large. These correlations are detected at extremely low frequencies and characterized by the large time shifts. But these experiments are very difficult in a usual laboratory because of various local interferences. The experimental problem is elegantly solved under deep-sea conditions. The Baikal long-term experiment has started in 2012 at Baikal Deep Sea Neutrino Observatory. The long-term observations demonstrated that detector signals respond nonlocally to the random heliophysical processes. This nonlocal correlation proved to contain considerable time reversed component, exceeding time respecting one. Next, advanced nonlocal correlations of the detector signal with two regional random source-processes: strong earthquake and low frequency macroturbulence in the lake were revealed. In fact this means observation of the random future. The possibilities of the forecasts of random components of solar and hydrological activities on correlations in reverse time have been demonstrated.
Hyperbolic numbers as Einstein numbers
Authors: Kulyabov D S , Korolkova A V , Gevorkyan M N
Published: June 2020

In the special theory of relativity (SR) it is usual to highlight so-called paradoxes. One of these paradoxes is the formal appearance of speed values grater then the light speed. In this paper we show that most of these paradoxes arise due to the incompleteness of relativistic calculus over velocities. Namely, operation over speeds form a group by composition. In this case, the extension to the field is usually carried out using non-relativistic operations.
Black Hole and Dark Matter. Phase Equilibrium
Authors: Meierovich B E
Published: June 2020

Equilibrium of a gravitating scalar field inside a black hole compressed to the state of boson matter, in balance with a longitudinal vector field (dark matter) from outside is considered. Analytical analysis, confirmed numerically, shows that there are static solutions of Einstein’s equations with arbitrary high total mass of a black hole, where the component of the metric tensor grr
(r) changes its sign twice. The balance of the energy-momentum tensors of the scalar field and the longitudinal vector field at the interface ensures the equilibrium of these phases. Considering a gravitating scalar field as an example, the internal structure of a black hole is revealed. Its phase equilibrium with the longitudinal vector field, describing dark matter on the periphery of a galaxy, determines the dependence of the velocity on the plateau of galaxy rotation curves on the mass of a black hole, located in the center of a galaxy.
Stable Compact Dark Matter Objects in Planetary Systems
Authors: Pokrovsky Y E
Published: June 2020

Stable Compact Dark Matter Objects (SCDMO) of planet scale mass and much smaller radii are considered in planet systems with a central star on highly eccentric orbits of SCDMO crossing the star. Possible connections of the presence of these SCDMO in a planet system with specific interactions with planets and the star, in particular, with triggering of cycles of activity of the central star are suggested to study in experiments in the solar system.
The analysis of CMB anisotropy to temporary domain according to WMAP and Planck probes databases
Authors: Vargashkin V Ya
Published: June 2020

The temporal changes in the anisotropy of CMB performed in more than 12 million directions of the celestial sphere using probes “WMAP” and “Planck” with a total duration of 13 years have been studied from the unified positions. Temporary temperature anisotropy jumps occurred between pairs of adjacent integral measuring time intervals were detected. Such jumps are present in the tails of statistical distributions of temperature anisotropy on pairs of various frequencies of measurement. It has been shown that the number of such surges is systematically greater than the number due to their statistically accidental occurrence.
On the Basic Propositions of the Special Theory of Relativity
Authors: Mubarakshin I R
Published: June 2020

The basic propositions of the special theory of relativity (STR) are meant to be Einstein’s postulates, on the basis of which STR and relativistic physics in general are built. In this article the postulates and their logical relationship with each other and with the preceding classical physics are comprehensively discussed. The purpose of the work is to eliminate the seeming contradiction of the postulates and to make them as clear as possible. The questions raised frequently in the study of STR are touched upon also. Common errors in the description of some experiments are indicated.
Laser noise control in the optoacoustical gravitational antenna
Authors: Krysanov V A
Published: June 2020

It is shown that the metric sensitivity theory of the OGRAN project contains description of the Fabry-Perot cavity displacement readout scheme proposed by Braginsky. In theories a quality factor defines laser noise. As an alternative, two phenomenological intrinsic controlled parameters of laser noise are proposed to analyze readout resolution: spectral densities of frequency deviations and power random modulation P(t) = P
0[1 + £(t)]. The formula for vibration noise is derived. The new theory of instrumental sensitivity is applied to explain the effect of readout noise rise while increasing digitization time. To reduce the readout threshold signal from real value of 2 · 10−15 cm/Hz1/2 to required value of 3 · 10−16 cm/Hz1/2 there are proposed actions: 1) to limit temperature drift difference between laser and bar cavity frequencies by value of 250 Hz; 2) to suppress by circuitry means vibration disturbance voltage at the discriminator output while increasing by 20 dB width of feedback frequency range and feedback gain in this range.
Challenges of using feed additives in Indonesia
Authors: Candinegara Teddy
Published: June 2020

The use of feed additives can significantly improve the efficiency of animal production, including the possibility of feed cost reduction and alternative feed raw material use. The number and type of feed additives with different purposes are widely available and provide alternatives to users. However, there are obstacles faced by livestock owners whether feed additives are chosen to fit according to their end target, as well as costs constrain. The challenges in the tropics such as in Indonesia are quite different especially after the government prohibits antibiotic growth promotor as a feed additive. There have been many efforts to get the best material to replace this antibiotic growth promotor, but there is still no one that can replace it in terms of effectiveness and cost.
Nutrition content of cocoa pod fermented white rot fungi isolated from wood and rice straw
Authors: Mustabi J , Harfiah  , Setiawan A
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the content of crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, and NFE cocoa pods of fermented using white rot fungi isolates from wood and rice straw. This study used white rot fungi isolates from wood and rice straw. The design used is a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 3 treatments repeated 5 times, namely A (Cocoa pod without fermentation), B (Cocoa pod fermented fungus isolates from wood), and C (Cocoa pod fermented fungus isolates from rice straw). Analysis of variance showed that the treatment had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on crude protein and crude fiber and had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on crude fat and NFE of cocoa pod. Fermentation of cocoa pods using white rot fungi isolates from wood can increase crude protein content by 5.30% and reduce crude fiber by 12.54% to 19.35%. Fermentation treatment using white rot fungi isolates from wood is better than isolates from rice straw. The isolates can improved the nutritional quality of the pod cocoa compared to fermentation using isolates from rice straw.
The increase of corn crop productivity through NPK fertilizer addition in dy land
Authors: Hasan S , Nompo S , Mujnisa A , Rinduwati  , Sema
Published: June 2020

Corn crop is categorized as C4 plant that may be used as alternative feed substitution of forage grass with high nutritional content. The aim of this study is to identify the effect of NPK fertilizer addition to productivity and nutrient content of corn crop in dry land. This study was performed from March to May 2019 (by the end of rainy season) in Tanete Riaja, Barru. This study employed completely randomized design with 4 treatments namely, A1: No fertilizer addition, A2=100 kg ha−1, A3=200 kg ha−1, A4=300 kg ha−1 and 3 replications. The corn crops used in this study was corn hybrid (Bisi-18) that were harvested at the age of 2 months. The result of this study showed that the use of NPK fertilizer improves the growth and productivity of corn crop, particularly the production and nutritional quality. The highest increase of production and growth occured in A3.
Nutrient content and bioactive compounds characterization of Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride as an alternative feed for broiler chickens
Authors: Najoan M , Wolayan F R , Sompie F N
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the nutrient content and to characterize the bioactive compounds of Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride. Parameter measured were proximate analysis, amino acid, phytochemical, antioxidant potency of goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented. Data were analysed using descriptive method. Results showed that crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, Ca, P, and gross energy were 4.86%, 22.03, 0.94, 0.42, 0.18 and 3156.67 Kkal/kg, respectively. Amino acid were analyse using HPLC and demonstrated that it was composed by 16 amino acids. Seven of them were essential amino acids; lysine (0.41 %) histidine (0.23 %), leucine (0.56 %), threonine (1.13 %), valine (0.11%), methionine (0.11 %), isoleucine (0.41 %), phenylalanine (0.39 %), and nine of them were non-essential amino acids; serine (0.31 %), aspartic acid (0.56 %), arginine (1.13 %), proline (0.38 %), glutamic acid (0.70 %), glycine (0.33 %), alanine (0.34 %), and tyrosine (0.30 %). Phytochemical screening by colour visualization showed the presence of flavonoid 0.06 % (w/w) and analysis by titrimetric tannin 0.01 %. Vitamins C and E compound were analysed by HPLC, whereas Vitamin C (Ascorbat acid) was 437 mg/kg and Vitamin E (Tocopherol) was < 0.01 mg/100 g. It can be concluded that Goroho banana (Musa acumunafe sp) stem meal fermented with Trichoderma viride can be used as an alternative feed.