bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Matters: Online, self‐help single session interventions could expand current provision, improving early access to help for young people with depression symptoms, including minority groups
Authors: Loades Maria E. , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: July 2023

Current mental health service provision for young people was primarily designed based on an assumption of repeat attendance to enable access to interventions. This applies to in‐person therapy and, in recent years, digitally provided apps and programmes. Yet, discontinuation after only one or two attendances or uses is a common problem. However, there is a different model, which is intentionally designing provision without assuming repeat attendance, that is, single session interventions. Evidence from the United States, where a suite of digital, self‐help single session interventions, accessible anonymously, have been designed, indicates that these are helpful to young people with reductions in depression symptoms at up to 9 months later. These interventions also have had better reach into currently underserved populations (e.g. LGBTQ+ and ethnic minority adolescents). Therefore, these may be a potentially helpful way to expand existing provision at scale, enabling all young people to access evidence‐based help quickly.
The phase evolution of resin‐bonded Al2O3‐Al refractory containing magnesia under N2‐blowing
Authors: Zheng Qingyao , Li Yong , Zhao Chenrui , Chen Junhong , Jiang Peng , Ma Chenhong
Published: July 2023

Phenolic resin‐bonded Al2O3‐Al‐MgO refractories were prepared from sintered alumina and aluminum as raw materials, adding 3 wt%, 9 wt% and 15 wt% high‐purity magnesia. The green samples were treated at 200°C and heated at 1300°C and 1600°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The results showed that the phases after heating at 1300°C were α‐Al2O3, spinel solid solution (MgAlON), Al4O4C, Al4C3 and unreacted aluminum. The phases after heating at 1600°C were α‐Al2O3, spinel solid solution (MgAlON), Al4O4C, Al4C3, (Al2OC)x(AlN)1‐x solid solution, Al8O3N6, and unreacted aluminum, with a tendency to shift from Al‐O‐C to MgAlON with increasing MgO content. MgAlON was obtained by in situ synthesis of MgO, Al2O3, Al, and N2 at 1300°C. With sufficient magnesia, the stability of Al4O4C and Al4C3 decreases at 1600°C, and AlON is formed with better stability and can be solubilized into MgAlON. That is, when magnesia was added to the phenolic resin‐bound Al2O3‐Al composite under a nitrogen atmosphere, more stabilized MgAlON was formed.
Lead complementor involvement in the design of platform boundary resources: A case study of BMW's onboard apps
Authors: Weiss Niklas , Schreieck Maximilian , Wiesche Manuel , Krcmar Helmut
Published: July 2023

An increasing number of companies have implemented digital platforms to attract complementors who create innovations on the platform. Establishing such digital platforms is a challenge for incumbent companies because they lack related experience and capabilities. In particular, boundary resources that are the interface between the platform and complementors need to be well‐designed to attract complementors and keep them engaged. We propose that lead complementor involvement helps incumbent companies to improve the design of the platform boundary resources. In a multi‐year action research study, we established lead complementor involvement in the boundary resource design of a digital platform for automotive onboard apps at the BMW Group and evaluated how boundary resources improved. Along three episodes, we illustrate that lead complementor involvement was effective and we summarise our findings in four propositions: (1) lead complementor involvement facilitates platform emergence for incumbent companies by enhancing boundary resource design, (2) lead complementor involvement is more efficient in higher platform layers, (3) lead complementor involvement is facilitated by an increase of intensity and frequency of interactions between complementors and platform owner and (4) establishing a complementor community helps to continuously identify opportunities for lead complementor involvement. We contribute to the information systems literature on platform emergence and design by focusing on the process of designing boundary resources and by considering the heterogeneity of complementors. Furthermore, we contextualise the concept of lead user involvement in the domain of digital platforms and compare and contrast lead complementors and lead users.
Varietal effects on methane intensity of paddy fields under different irrigation management
Authors: Asch F. , Johnson K. , Vo T. B. T. , Sander B. O. , Duong V. N. , Wassmann R.
Published: July 2023

Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) has been shown to decrease water use and trace gas emissions from paddy fields. Whereas genotypic water use shows little variation, it has been shown that rice varieties differ in the magnitude of their methane emissions. Management and variety‐related emission factors have been proposed for modelling the impact of paddy production on climate change; however, the magnitude of a potential reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by changing varieties has not yet been fully assessed. AWD has been shown to affect genotypic yields and high‐yielding varieties suffer the greatest loss when grown under AWD. The highest yielding varieties may not have the highest methane emissions; thus, a potential yield loss could be compensated by a larger reduction in methane emissions. However, AWD can only be implemented under full control of irrigation water, leaving the rainy seasons with little scope to reduce methane emissions from paddy fields. Employing low‐emitting varieties during the rainy season may be an option to reduce methane emissions but may compromise farmers’ income if such varieties perform less well than the current standard. Methane emissions and rice yields were determined in field trials over two consecutive winter/spring seasons with continuously flooded and AWD irrigation treatments for 20 lowland rice varieties in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Based on the results, this paper investigates the magnitude of methane savings through varietal choice for both AWD and continuous flooding in relation to genotypic yields and explores potential options for compensating farmers’ mitigation efforts.
Investigations on the polymorphism of K4CaSi6O15 at elevated temperatures
Authors: Liu Hang , Kahlenberg Volker , Krüger Hannes , Dachs Edgar , Benisek Artur
Published: July 2023

In the present study, single crystals and polycrystalline material of K4CaSi6O15 were prepared from solid‐state reactions between stoichiometric mixtures of the corresponding oxides/carbonates. Heat capacity (Cp) measurements above room temperature using a differential scanning calorimeter indicated that two thermal effects occurred at approximately T1 = 462 K and T2 = 667 K, indicating the presence of structural phase transitions. The standard third‐law entropy of K4CaSi6O15 was determined from low‐temperature Cp’s measured by relaxation calorimetry using a Physical Properties Measurement System and amounts to S°(298K) = 524.3 ± 3.7 J·mol−1·K−1. For the 1st transition, the enthalpy change ΔHtr1 = 1.48 kJ·mol and the entropy change ΔStr1 = 3.25 J·mol−1·K−1, whereas ΔHtr2 = 3.33 kJ·mol−1 and ΔStr2 = 5.23 J·mol−1·K−1 were determined for the 2nd transition. The compound was further characterized by in‐situ single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction between ambient temperature and 1063 K. At 773 K, the high‐temperature phase stable above T2 has the following basic crystallographic data: monoclinic symmetry, space group P21/c, a = 6.9469(4) Å, b = 9.2340(5) Å, c = 12.2954(6) Å, β = 93.639(3)°, V = 787.13(7) Å3, Z = 2. It belongs to the group of interrupted framework silicates and is based on tertiary (Q3‐type) [SiO4]‐tetrahedra. Together with the octahedrally coordinated Ca‐cations, a three‐dimensional mixed polyhedral network structure is formed, in which the remaining K‐ions provide charge balance by occupying voids within the net. The intermediate temperature modification stable between T1 and T2 shows a (3+2)‐dimensional incommensurately modulated structure that is characterized by the following q‐vectors: q1 = (0.057, 0.172, 0.379), q2 = (‐0.057, 0.172, ‐0.379). The crystal structures of the high‐ and the previously studied ambient temperature polymorph (space group Pc) are topologically equivalent and show a group‐subgroup relationship. The index of the low‐ in the high‐symmetry group is six and involves both, losses in translation as well as point group symmetry. The distortion is based on shifts of the different atom species and tilts of the 4‐ and 6‐fold coordination polyhedra. Actually, for some of the oxygen atoms, the displacements exceed 0.5 Å. A more detailed analysis of the distortions relating to both structures has been performed using mode analysis, which revealed that the primary distortion mode transforms according to the Λ1 irreducible representation of P21/c. However, other modes with smaller distortion amplitudes are also involved.
Do financial markets predict macroeconomic performance? US evidence from risk‐based measures
Authors: McMillan David G.
Published: July 2023

Financial markets are expected to predict macroeconomic conditions as movement in the former depends upon expectations of future performance for the latter. However, existing evidence is mixed. We argue that this arises because the stock return and term structure series typically used in studies, fail to sufficiently capture investor risk preferences. For US data, we use the variance risk premium (VRP) and default yield (DFY) to better capture such a risk measure and demonstrate that these variables exhibit greater evidence of predictive power for key macroeconomic series. In addition to VRP and DFY, we include further variables that may also capture market risk. Given similar dynamics between different risk measures and the potential for multicollinearity in estimation, we consider variable combinations. Using results obtained through predictive regressions, out‐of‐sample forecasting and a probit model designed to capture periods of expansion and contraction, we show that these combination variables can predict future movements in macroeconomic conditions as well as results using individual variables. Of key interest, combinations that include the VRP and DFY are preferred across all macro‐series.
Little engagement of attention by salient distractors defined in a different dimension or modality to the visual search target
Authors: Tsai Shao‐Yang , Nasemann Jan , Qiu Nan , Töllner Thomas , Müller Hermann J. , Shi Zhuanghua
Published: July 2023

Singleton distractors may inadvertently capture attention, interfering with the task at hand. The underlying neural mechanisms of how we prevent or handle distractor interference remain elusive. Here, we varied the type of salient distractor introduced in a visual search task: the distractor could be defined in the same (shape) dimension as the target, a different (color) dimension, or a different (tactile) modality (intra‐dimensional, cross‐dimensional, and, respectively, cross‐modal distractor, all matched for physical salience); and besides behavioral interference, we measured lateralized electrophysiological indicators of attentional selectivity (the N2pc, Ppc, PD, CCN/CCP, CDA, and cCDA). The results revealed the intra‐dimensional distractor to produce the strongest reaction‐time interference, associated with the smallest target‐elicited N2pc. In contrast, the cross‐dimensional and cross‐modal distractors did not engender any significant interference, and the target‐elicited N2pc was comparable to the condition in which the search display contained only the target singleton, thus ruling out early attentional capture. Moreover, the cross‐modal distractor elicited a significant early CCN/CCP, but did not influence the target‐elicited N2pc, suggesting that the tactile distractor is registered by the somatosensory system (rather than being proactively suppressed), without, however, engaging attention. Together, our findings indicate that, in contrast to distractors defined in the same dimension as the target, distractors singled out in a different dimension or modality can be effectively prevented to engage attention, consistent with dimension‐ or modality‐weighting accounts of attentional priority computation.
There Is a Systemic Problem Deeper than the Decolonizing and Anti‐racism Movements AcknowledgeFaithful Anti‐Racism: Moving Past Talk to Systematic Change, ChristinaEdmondson, and ChadBrennan, IVP, 2022 (978‐0‐8308‐4723‐5), x + 238 pp., hb $25Decolonizing Christianity: Becoming Badass Believers, Miguel A.De La Torre, Eerdmans, 2021 (ISBN 978‐0‐8028‐7847‐2), viii + 232 pp., hb $24.99
Authors: Anderson Owen
Published: July 2023

In these two books, the authors give solutions to disparities they trace to systemic racism. The De La Torre book especially examines how the Trump presidency solidified white Christianity. He argues that white Christians deify Trump and are therefore rejected by God. In the Edmondson and Brennan book, we are told that material disparities between races can only be explained by systemic racism. The authors then explain what we must do to repent of and overcome systemic racism. Both books are built on assumptions traceable to Marx and Nietzsche, neither gives us a robust augment against the best alternative explanations, and their use of the Bible only superficially treats categories like ‘believer/unbeliever’.
How did China's zero Covid policy affect its exports?
Authors: Tang Heiwai , Zheng Xiuxiu
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the impact of China's “Zero‐Covid” policy on subnational cross‐region export performance during 2019–2021. Using monthly export data at the product‐destination level for China's 31 provinces and municipality cities, we find that new infections in a region have a significantly negative effect on the region's export growth, particularly for non‐processing exports and industries with low dependence on remote working and products that are more substitutable and used mostly in the downstream of supply chains. However, restrictions on people inflows have no significant effect. The severity of the pandemic in export destinations is negatively correlated with China's export growth, suggesting an important demand‐side reason for China's export downturn during the pandemic.
When safe firearm storage isn't enough: Examining risk profiles among firearm suicide decedents
Authors: Houtsma Claire , Raines Amanda M.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States, and firearms are the most frequently used suicide method. Research suggests risk for firearm suicide increases with greater access to firearms (e.g., storing loaded or unlocked). Although safe firearm storage is promoted as a means of risk reduction, no studies have explored factors differentiating firearm suicide decedents who stored firearms safely vs. those who stored unsafely prior to death.

Methods

Utilizing data from the National Violent Death Reporting System, the current study aimed to determine which factors distinguish firearm suicide decedents who stored firearms safely vs. those who stored unsafely. The current sample included decedents for whom data were available on whether the firearm used in the suicide was stored loaded or unloaded (n = 4269) and unlocked or locked (n = 6273) prior to their death.

Results

Results revealed using a long gun in the suicide (as opposed to a handgun) was associated with five times greater odds of storing unloaded prior to death, suggesting this safe firearm storage practice alone does not mitigate risk among all long gun owners.

Conclusion

These findings indicate a need to increase suicide prevention efforts within the long gun owning community.
Identification of the novel HLA‐A*01:426 allele in a Greek bone marrow donor
Authors: Kouniaki Diamanto , Kitsiou Vasiliki , Athanassiades Theofilos , Fotopoulos Konstantinos , Tsirogianni Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Characterization of the novel HLA‐A*01:426 allele in a 21‐year‐old Greek male bone marrow donor.
Static Wetting of a Liquid Droplet on a Soft Elastic Substrate
Authors: Wu J. , Ru C.Q.
Published: July 2023

A refined spherical cap model, combined with an elastic foundation model for the elastic substrate, is proposed to study the static wetting of a liquid droplet on a soft elastic substrate. The strain energy of the substrate is evaluated by the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts (JKR) model, and the increase of the surface energy of the substrate outside the contact zone is calculated based on the elastic foundation model. The total potential energy of the droplet-substrate system is given in terms of four geometrical parameters: the contact radius, the contact angle of the droplet, the deflection angle inside the contact zone, and the maximum downward displacement of the substrate surface at the contact zone center. The equilibrium state is determined based on the stationary condition of total potential energy. The present model reduces to the Young’s equation for a rigid substrate and to the Neumann’s triangle for a liquid-like substrate. Three equations are given to determine the liquid droplet shape in terms of surface energies and substrate’s elastic modulus. Reasonable agreement with existing experimental data and simulation results shows that the present model with derived formulas has the potential to catch the role of substrate’s elastic deformation on static wetting and fill the gap between the Young’s equation and the Neumann’s triangle for a soft elastic substrate.
Characterizing the Adhesion Between Thin Films and Rigid Substrates Using Digital Image Correlation-Informed Inverse Finite Elements and the Blister Test
Authors: Dahal Drishya , Rincon-Tabares Juan-Sebastian , Risk-Mora David Y. , Rincon Troconis Brendy C. , Restrepo David
Published: July 2023

Characterizing the adhesion between thin films and rigid substrates is crucial in engineering applications. Still, existing standard methods suffer from issues such as poor reproducibility, difficulties in quantifying adhesion parameters, or overestimation of adhesion strength and fracture energy. Recent studies have shown that the blister test (BT) is a superior method for characterizing adhesion, as it provides a quantifiable measurement of mix-mode fracture energy, and it is highly reproducible. In this paper, we present a novel method to characterize mechanical mix-mode adhesion between thin films and rigid substrates using the BT. Our method combines the full triaxial displacement field obtained through digital image correlation with inverse finite element method simulations using cohesive zone elements. This approach eliminates the need for making any mechanistic or kinematic assumptions of the blister formation and allows the characterization of the full traction-separation law governing the adhesion between the film and the substrate. To demonstrate the efficacy of this methodology, we conducted a case study analyzing the adhesion mechanics of a polymeric pressure-sensitive adhesive on an aluminum substrate. Our results indicate that the proposed technique is a reliable and effective method for characterizing the mix-mode traction-separation law governing the mechanical behavior of the adhesive interface and could have broad applications in the field of materials science and engineering. Also, by providing a comprehensive understanding of the adhesion mechanics between thin films and rigid substrates, our method can aid in the design and optimization of adhesively bonded structures.
Exact Solutions of Systems of Nonlinear Time-Space Fractional Partial Differential Equations Using an Iterative Method
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: July 2023

Fractional partial differential equations are useful tools to describe transportation, anomalous, and non-Brownian diffusion. In the present paper, we propose the Daftardar-Gejji and Jafari method along with its error analysis for solving systems of nonlinear time–space fractional partial differential equations (PDEs). Moreover, we solve a variety of nontrivial time–space fractional systems of PDEs. The obtained solutions either occur in exact form or in the form of a series, which converges to a closed form. The proposed method is free from linearization and discretization and does not include any tedious calculations. Moreover, it is easily employable using the computer algebra system such as Mathematica, Maple, etc.
Numerical Prediction of the Streamwise Fluidelastic Instability
Authors: Rehman Sameer A. , El Bouzidi Salim , Elbanhawy Osama , Hassan Marwan , Weaver David
Published: July 2023

Recent experimental investigations have shown that tube arrays can become unstable in the streamwise direction. This is contrary to the long-held notion that fluidelastic instability is only a concern in the direction transverse to the flow. The possibility of the streamwise fluidelastic instability (SFEI) as a potential threat to the integrity of tube bundles was confirmed by the recent failures of newly installed replacement steam generators. A number of investigations were conducted to uncover the nature of this mechanism. A theoretical framework was developed by Hassan and Weaver (2016, “Modeling of Streamwise and Transverse Fluidelastic Instability in Tube Arrays,” ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 138(5), p. 051304) to model streamwise fluidelastic instability in a bundle of flexible tubes. The model utilized a simple time lag expression for the flow channel area perturbation. The current work aims at developing a numerical model to precisely predict the flow perturbation characteristics in a tube bundle due to streamwise tube motion. Flow simulations were carried out for single phase fluid flow in a parallel triangle tube bundle array with 1.2, 1.5, and 1.7 pitch to diameter ratios. The numerical model was validated against numerical and experimental results available in the fluidelastic instability literature. Simulations were carried out for a range of reduced flow velocities. The model results showed that the upstream flow perturbation magnitude and phase are different from those obtained downstream of the moving tube. The obtained flow perturbation characteristics were implemented in the Hassan and Weaver (2016, “Modeling of Streamwise and Transverse Fluidelastic Instability in Tube Arrays,” ASME J. Pressure Vessel Technol., 138(5), p. 051304) model and the streamwise FEI threshold was predicted.
Study of the surface and interface properties of ultrathin nickel film on cerium layer by in situ magnetic sputtering
Authors: Fu Tianzuo , Zhong Yiqiang , Zhou Lihua , Meng Shuwen , Tian Zhengang , Chen Yiwu , Li Tianfu , Zou Xiaoyu , Li Zhengcao , Yang Tinggui
Published: July 2023

A cerium (Ce) metal is an important rare earth element that is extremely reactive in air. The Ce surface chemistry can provide insight into actinides and is widely used in nuclear science. Nickel (Ni) is an inert metal with the potential to passivate the Ce surface. The surface and interface properties of a Ce metal with an ultrathin Ni film before and after air exposure have been studied. To prevent air exposure, in situ magnetron sputtering of Ce and Ni metal and surface analysis were carried out. Compared to the ex situ results, the in situ deposition of an Ni film improves the stability of both Ce and Ni. This work provides insight into the impact of the history of the oxidation process to Ce metal properties.
Ocean temperature drove changes in the mesopelagic fish community at the edge of the Pacific Warm Pool over the past 460,000 years
Authors: Lin Chien-Hsiang , Wei Chih-Lin , Ho Sze Ling , Lo Li
Published: July 2023

Field observations and theoretical modeling suggest that ongoing anthropogenic ocean warming will lead to marine ecosystem degradation. Mesopelagic fish are a fundamental component of the pelagic ecosystem, and their role in linking the surface- and deep-ocean ecosystems is essential for the biological carbon pump. However, their response to a warmer ocean is unconstrained because of data scarcity. Using extraordinarily well-preserved fish otoliths, we reconstruct a continuous mesopelagic fish community record in the Pacific Warm Pool region over 460,000 years. Fish production and diversity followed hump-shaped temperature gradients, with lower tipping point temperatures for the diversity than the production by ~1.5° to 2.0°C. During warmer-than-present interglacial periods, both production and diversity declined drastically. Our findings imply that the temperature-sensitive mesopelagic fish community at the southwestern margin of the Pacific Warm Pool, and possibly other hydrographically similar regions, may be especially affected if ocean warming continues unabated in the future.
The ins and outs of membrane bending by intrinsically disordered proteins
Authors: Yuan Feng , Lee Christopher T. , Sangani Arjun , Houser Justin R. , Wang Liping , Lafer Eileen M. , Rangamani Padmini , Stachowiak Jeanne C.
Published: July 2023

Membrane curvature is essential to diverse cellular functions. While classically attributed to structured domains, recent work illustrates that intrinsically disordered proteins are also potent drivers of membrane bending. Specifically, repulsive interactions among disordered domains drive convex bending, while attractive interactions drive concave bending, creating membrane-bound, liquid-like condensates. How might disordered domains that contain both repulsive and attractive domains affect curvature? Here, we examined chimeras that combined attractive and repulsive interactions. When the attractive domain was closer to the membrane, its condensation amplified steric pressure among repulsive domains, leading to convex curvature. In contrast, when the repulsive domain was closer to the membrane, attractive interactions dominated, resulting in concave curvature. Further, a transition from convex to concave curvature occurred with increasing ionic strength, which reduced repulsion while enhancing condensation. In agreement with a simple mechanical model, these results illustrate a set of design rules for membrane bending by disordered proteins.
Protocol for a mixed-methods randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a dyadic expressive arts-based intervention in improving the psychosocial well-being of children with intellectual disability in special schools and their mothers
Authors: Lo Temmy Lee Ting , Wan Adrian Ho Yin , Fong Ted Chun Tat , Wong Phyllis King Shui , Lo Herman Hay Ming , Chan Caitlin Kar Pui , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Mothers of children with intellectual disability (ID) are often distressed because of intensive workloads and difficulties in communicating with their children. Given the interdependence between the psychosocial well-being of such dyads, interventions that promote parent–child relationships and mutual communication would be beneficial. Arts provide alternative avenues for expression and offer an imaginative and playful environment for discovering new communication strategies. Given the lack of studies on arts-based dyadic interventions, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of dyadic expressive arts-based intervention (EXAT) in improving the psychosocial outcomes of children with ID and their mothers and the mother–child relationships.

Methods and analysis

This study will adopt a mixed-methods randomised controlled trial design, wherein 154 dyads of children with ID and their mothers will be randomised into either the dyadic EXAT group or the treatment-as-usual waitlist control group. Quantitative data will be collected at four time points: baseline (T0), postintervention (T1), 3-month postintervention (T2) and 6-month postintervention (T3). Qualitative data will be collected from a subset of 30 mothers in the intervention group at T1and T3to document their experiences and perceived changes after the intervention. Mixed-effects models and path analysis will be adopted to analyse the quantitative data, whereas thematic analysis will be applied to the qualitative data. Both sets of data will be triangulated for an integrated view of the effectiveness and mechanism of the intervention.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Hong Kong (Ref. no.: EA200329). Written consent forms will be obtained from all recruited participants (mothers, children with ID and teachers/social workers) before data collection. The study findings will be disseminated in international conferences and peer-reviewed academic journals.

Trial registration number

NCT05214859.
Is the equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO) associated with audiovisuals effective in reducing pain and side effects during peripheral venous access placement in children? Protocol for a single-centre randomised controlled trial from Italy
Authors: Maiandi Stefano , Ghizzardi Greta , Edefonti Valeria , Giacchero Roberta , Lusignani Maura , Giannì Maria Lorella
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Nurses frequently place a peripheral venous catheter during children’s hospitalisation. Many studies suggest treatment of venipuncture-related pain. The administration of an equimolar mixture of oxygen and nitrous oxide (EMONO) is employed for pain control; however, no studies have analysed the association between EMONO and audiovisuals.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of EMONO administration when combined with audiovisuals (EMONO+Audiovisual) versus EMONO alone on perceived pain, side effects and level of cooperation during peripheral venous access placement in children aged 2–5 years.

Methods and analysis

The first 120 eligible children admitted to the paediatric ward of the Lodi Hospital and presenting the indication for peripheral venous access will be enrolled. Sixty children will be randomly assigned to the experimental group (EMONO+Audiovisual) and 60 to the control group (EMONO alone).

The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale will be used to assess pain in the children aged 2-years old; pain in the children aged 3–5 years will be assessed using the Wong-Baker scale. The cooperation throughout the procedure will be measured using the Groningen Distress Rating Scale.

Ethics and dissemination

The Milan Area 1 Ethics Committee approved the study protocol (Experiment Registry No. 2020/ST/295). The trial results will be presented at conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number

NCT05435118.
Impact of a 12-week olfactory training programme in women with migraine with aura: protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Faria Vanda , Dulheuer Jana , Joshi Akshita , Wahl Hannes , Klimova Anna , Haehner Antje , Gossrau Gudrun
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Migraine is a leading cause of disability and suffering worldwide. However, conventional pharmacological migraine preventive therapies are often challenging and accompanied by adverse effects. Recently, structured odour exposure has shown to successfully increase pain thresholds in patients with chronic back pain. Despite the importance of the olfactory system in migraine, there are no studies investigating the impact of structured odour exposure in patients with migraine.

Methods and analysis

This double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial will be conducted at the Headache Clinic of the University Pain Center at TU Dresden, Germany and aims at investigating the impact of a 12-week structured exposure to odours in women with migraine. Fifty-four women between 18 and 55 years with migraine with aura will be recruited and randomised to training with odours and odourless training. The primary outcomes are mechanical and electrical pain thresholds. Secondary outcomes comprise olfactory threshold and the number of headache days. Other exploratory measurements are headache associated pain intensity, acute analgesic intake, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and quality of life. Additionally, this protocol assesses neuroanatomical and neurofunctional changes associated with the 12-week olfactory training. Data analysis will be executed on the basis of the general linear model considering repeated measurements.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approvals were obtained from the Ethics Board of the TU Dresden (Protocol No. BO-EK-353082020). Participation will only be possible after written informed consent is provided. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences.

Trial registration number

DRKS00027399.
Restrictive versus Liberal Rate of Extracorporeal Volume Removal Evaluation in Acute Kidney Injury (RELIEVE-AKI): a pilot clinical trial protocol
Authors: Murugan Raghavan , Chang Chung-Chou H , Raza Maham , Nikravangolsefid Nasrin , Huang David T , Palevsky Paul M , Kashani Kianoush
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Observational studies have linked slower and faster net ultrafiltration (UFNET) rates during kidney replacement therapy (KRT) with mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and fluid overload. To inform the design of a larger randomised trial of patient-centered outcomes, we conduct a feasibility study to examine restrictive and liberal approaches to UFNETduring continuous KRT (CKRT).

Methods and analysis

This study is an investigator-initiated, unblinded, 2-arm, comparative-effectiveness, stepped-wedged, cluster randomised trial among 112 critically ill patients with AKI treated with CKRT in 10 intensive care units (ICUs) across 2 hospital systems. In the first 6 months, all ICUs started with a liberal UFNETrate strategy. Thereafter, one ICU is randomised to the restrictive UFNETrate strategy every 2 months. In the liberal group, the UFNETrate is maintained between 2.0 and 5.0 mL/kg/hour; in the restrictive group, the UFNETrate is maintained between 0.5 and 1.5 mL/kg/hour. The three coprimary feasibility outcomes are (1) between-group separation in mean delivered UFNETrates; (2) protocol adherence; and (3) patient recruitment rate. Secondary outcomes include daily and cumulative fluid balance, KRT and mechanical ventilation duration, organ failure-free days, ICU and hospital length of stay, hospital mortality and KRT dependence at hospital discharge. Safety endpoints include haemodynamics, electrolyte imbalance, CKRT circuit issues, organ dysfunction related to fluid overload, secondary infections and thrombotic and haematological complications.

Ethics and dissemination

The University of Pittsburgh Human Research Protection Office approved the study, and an independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board monitors the study. A grant from the United States National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases sponsors the study. The trial results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences.

Trial registration number

This trial has been prospectively registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05306964). Protocol version identifier and date: 1.5; 13 June 2023.
Patient aggression towards receptionists in general practice: a systematic review
Authors: Willer Fiona , Chua David , Ball Lauren
Published: July 2023

Objective

General practice receptionists provide an essential function in the healthcare system but routinely encounter acts of incivility and aggression from patients, including hostility, abuse and violence. This study was conducted to summarise what is known about patient-initiated aggression towards general practice receptionists, including impacts on reception staff and existing mitigation strategies.

Design

Systematic review with convergent integrated synthesis.

Eligibility criteria

Studies published at any time in English that examine patient aggression experiences of reception staff in primary care settings.

Information sources

Searches of five major databases were performed (CINAHL Complete, Scopus, PubMed, Healthcare Administration Database and Google Scholar) to August 2022.

Results

Twenty studies of various designs were included, ranging from the late 1970s to 2022 and originating from five OECD countries. Twelve were assessed as high quality using a validated checklist. Reviewed articles represented 4107 participants; 21.5% were general practice receptionists. All studies reported that displays of aggression towards receptionists by patients were a frequent and routine occurrence in general practice, particularly verbal abuse such as shouting, cursing, accusations of malicious behaviour and use of racist, ablest and sexist insults. Although infrequent, physical violence was widely reported. Inefficient appointment scheduling systems, delayed access to doctors and prescription denial appeared common precipitators. Receptionists adapted their behaviour and demeanour to placate and please patients to avoid escalation of patient frustrations at the cost of their own well-being and clinic productivity. Training in patient aggression management increased receptionist confidence and appeared to decrease negative sequalae. Coordinated support for general practice reception staff who had experienced patient aggression was generally lacking, with a small proportion receiving professional counselling.

Conclusions

Patient aggression towards reception staff is a serious workplace safety concern for general practices and negatively affects healthcare sector function more broadly. Receptionists in general practice deserve evidence-based measures to improve their working conditions and well-being for their own benefit and that of the community.

Registration

Pre-registered in Open Science Framework (osf.io/42p85).
Amantadine toxicity causing visual hallucinations
Authors: Barbara Jessica Marie , Pace Adrian
Published: July 2023

Amantadine is an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist with secondary dopaminergic activity that is used to treat Parkinson’s disease-related dyskinesia and to treat fatigue in multiple sclerosis. It is primarily renally excreted and so impaired kidney function prolongs its half-life and may lead to toxicity. We describe a woman with multiple sclerosis taking amantadine who developed acute renal impairment, which triggered florid visual hallucinations that resolved on stopping the medication.
Novel implantation technique for pudendal nerve peripheral nerve stimulation for treatment of chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Lam Christopher M , Keim Sarah A , Latif Usman
Published: July 2023

Background

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a pervasive, difficult to treat condition affecting up to 26% of the global female and 8.2% of the global male population. Considered a form of chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS), it is medically complex and often refractory to multimodal management. Neuromodulation has become increasingly popular in treatment of chronic neuropathic pain conditions, including CPP and CRPS. Dorsal column spinal cord stimulation and dorsal root ganglion stimulation have had some success for managing CPP meanwhile peripheral nerve stimulators (PNS) have been suggested as another viable option. However, few studies in the literature have reported successful use of PNS in treatment of CPP. Here, we detail a possible technique for pudendal PNS lead placement for management of CPP.

Method

This article describes a novel cephalad to caudad fluoroscopic guided technique for pudendal nerve PNS lead placement and implantation.

Results

A cephalad to caudal-medial fluoroscopic guided approach as described within to successfully implant a percutaneous pudendal nerve PNS for management of CPP.

Conclusions

The pudendal nerve PNS lead placement technique noted within can be used to avoid many of the important neurovascular structures near the pelvic outlet. Further studies are needed to validate the safety and efficacy of this therapy modality but it may be a viable management option for patients with medically refractory CPP.
Leveraging WiFi network logs to infer student collocation and its relationship with academic performance
Authors: Das Swain Vedant , Kwon Hyeokhyen , Sargolzaei Sonia , Saket Bahador , Bin Morshed Mehrab , Tran Kathy , Patel Devashru , Tian Yexin , Philipose Joshua , Cui Yulai , Plötz Thomas , De Choudhury Munmun , Abowd Gregory D.
Published: July 2023

A comprehensive understanding of collocated social interactions can help campuses and organizations better support their community. Universities could determine new ways to conduct classes and design programs by studying how students have collocated in the past. However, this needs data that describe large groups over a long period. Harnessing user devices to infer collocation, while tempting, is challenged by privacy concerns, power consumption, and maintenance issues. Alternatively, embedding new sensors across the entire campus is expensive. Instead, we investigate an easily accessible data source that can retroactively depict multiple users on campus over a semester, a managed WiFi network. Despite the coarse approximations of collocation provided by WiFi network logs, we demonstrate that leveraging such data can express meaningful outcomes of collocated social interaction. Since a known outcome of collocating with peers is improved performance, we inspected if automatically–inferred collocation behaviors can indicate the individual performance of project group members on a campus. We studied 163 students (in 54 project groups) over 14 weeks. After describing how we determine collocation with the WiFi logs, we present a study to analyze how collocation within groups relates to a student’s final score. We found that modeling collocation behaviors showed a significant correlation (Pearson’s$r =0.24$
r
=
0.24
) with performance (better than models of peer feedback or individual behaviors). These findings emphasize that it is feasible and valuable to characterize collocated social interactions with archived WiFi network logs. We conclude the paper with a discussion of applications for repurposing WiFi logs to describe collocation, along with privacy considerations, and directions for future work.
Comparison of 10 MeV Neutron Irradiation Effects on NiO/Ga2O3 Heterojunction Rectifiers and Ni/Au/Ga2O3 Schottky Rectifiers
Authors: Li Jian-Sian , Xia Xinyi , Chiang Chao-Ching , Wan Hsiao-Hsuan , Ren Fan , Kim Jihyun , Pearton S. J.
Published: July 2023

Neutrons generated through charge-exchange 9Be (p; ni) 9Be reactions, with energies ranging from 0–33 MeV and an average energy of ∼9.8 MeV were used to irradiate conventional Schottky Ga2O3 rectifiers and NiO/Ga2O3 p-n heterojunction rectifiers to fluences of 1.1–2.2 × 1014 cm−2. The breakdown voltage was improved after irradiation for the Schottky rectifiers but was highly degraded for their NiO/Ga2O3 counterparts. This may be a result of extended defect zones within the NiO. After irradiation, the switching characteristics were degraded and irradiated samples of both types could not survive switching above 0.7 A or 400 V, whereas reference samples were robust to 1 A and 1 kV. The carrier removal rate in both types of devices was ∼45 cm−1. The forward currents and on-state resistances were only slightly degraded by neutron irradiation.
Sustainable Development Evaluation on the Landscape Design of Industrial Heritage Park: A Case Study of Tao Sichuan, China
Authors: Meng Lei , Lin Bao-gang , Zhang Hui-zhong , Bu Rui
Published: July 2023

The sustainable development of the urban environmental landscape is a process that integrates resource utilization, ecological benefit, economy, and society and involves elements of culture, society, politics, economy, and individual residents. Citizen participation is increasingly important for the urban landscape design, and therefore, urban environmental landscape studies must be evaluated objectively by the public to ensure both sustainable development and social justice. In this study, the Tao Sichuan Creative Industry Park (the former “Universe Porcelain Factory”) in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, China, was taken as example, and the implemented landscape reconstruction was evaluated. The analytical hierarchy process was used to collect both expert and public opinions regarding the cultural landscape; then, the weight coefficient of the value index layer of the industrial heritage park was obtained. A comparison of the two groups (experts and the public) showed that the experts do not exactly agree with the perspective of the public: experts prefer the artistic value far more than any other factors, while the public prefers the artistic value, social value, and economic value. Each group prefers different values of the landscape, suggesting that environmental justice should not be biased toward one of these perspectives. Finally, a design optimization principle is proposed according to the results of this study. This principle strengthens the sustainable development concept in the landscape reconstruction of industrial heritage parks, and suggestions are provided for optimizing the allocation of urban public landscape resources.
One-Year Multicenter Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing OT Equator® and Locator Attachments to Retain an Early Loaded Implant Overdenture on Two Implants
Authors: Tallarico Marco , Fiorillo Luca , Montanari Marco , Scrascia Roberto , Cristache Corina Marilena , Ferrari Emiliano , Casucci Alessio , Xhanari Erta , Lupi Saturnino Marco , Ieria Irene , Baldoni Edoardo , Rodriguez y Baena Ruggero , Cervino Gabriele
Published: July 2023

This investigation aimed to compare the effectiveness of the OT Equator® (Rhein, Bologna, Italy) and the Locator attachment systems used to retain early loaded implant-retained overdentures. This study was designed as a multicenter randomised controlled trial of parallel groups. After implant placement, the patients were randomised to receive OT Equator® attachments in the test group or Locator attachments in the control group. The outcome measures were implant and prosthetic success and survival rates, any biological and technical complication, marginal bone loss, patients’ satisfaction, and periodontal parameters. Overall, 42 patients were consecutively enrolled and treated. One implant was lost in the control group, while no implants were lost in the test group. No prostheses failed in both groups. Only a few complications were experienced in both groups. The main was represented by loss of retention of the attachments (retentive caps). The OT Equator® attachment showed statistically lower periodontal parameters. In conclusion, both attachment systems were suitable for overdenture implant retention.
[Retracted] Expression and Clinical Significance of Ki67 and SOX2 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hu Bo , Song Xinfu , Ding Weiji , Wang Hailong , Cai Huali , Huang Zhengjie
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the paper is to explore the expression levels and clinical significance of Ki67 and sex‐determining region Y‐box 2 (SOX2) in colorectal cancer. From January 2013 to December 2016, 176 patients with colorectal cancer who were pathologically diagnosed after surgery in the Department of General Surgery in Xiamen Chinese Medical Hospital are included in this study. The pathological parameters, including gender, age, pathological stage, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, are recorded. Immunohistochemistry is used to detect the correlation between Ki67 and Sox2 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters in colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemistry shows that in each stage of colorectal cancer, the positive rate of SOX2 is higher than that of Ki67, and the sensitivity of SOX2 is relatively high. Moreover, the levels of Ki67 and SOX2 in the cancerous tissues are not related to gender, age, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (p > 0.05).