bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Active Learning Classrooms make for Active Teaching?
Authors: Blom Bas , Van den Bosch Kirsten , Beldhuis Hans , Schreuder Pauline , Timmerman Greetje
Published: June 2022

This paper presents preliminary results from a research project at the University of Groningen where recently various Active Learning Classrooms (ALC) were created. It answers the research question “How do university teachers experience teaching in an Active Learning Classroom?”. In total, 14 teachers participated in a survey which was conducted before and after their courses in an ALC. Results show that, in line with their expectations, teachers experienced their courses in ALC to be more active. It seems that the ALC indeed stimulated teachers to implement more active learning activities in their course, although teachers indicate they have not yet fully utilized the ALC. Therefore, we conclude it would be worthwhile to provide continuous didactic and technological support to teachers when adopting ALC in universities.
Personal narratives about death and dying: a case study with nursing students
Authors: Laranjeira Carlos , Afonso Catarina , Querido Ana
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to explore qualitatively students' meanings of a significant death or dying experience by describing the effects in the first-person: psycho-emotional and spiritual life reflections. Using a narrative-reflection approach, we performed a multiple case study. Ten nursing students from 3rd year palliative nursing course were selected based on their richeness experiences. Topics such as the timing of the death loss, the manner of death, role changes that followed after the death loss, and adjustment patterns were discussed. The role of the narrative is multi-faceted – contributing to the development of a student's identity, comfort, and help making sense of a 'senseless' event.
Dealing with Uncertainty – Experiencing Real Life in Class
Authors: Zehetmeier Daniela , Böttcher Axel
Published: June 2022

It is likely that our Computer Science graduates will be confronted with software which has been growing over a long period of time. In order to master resulting challenges in their later professional lives, students need to be able to deal with the inherent uncertainty of legacy software systems. Observations show that many students are bad at dealing with uncertainty. Therefore, it is important to address the competence of dealing with uncertainty in teaching. In this article, we describe our experiences with addressing this important competence in teaching of a module on Software Archaeology. The basis is to establish a teaching and learning environment that creates uncertainty within lab sessions. We achieved this by using a project from industrial practice. This, however, also induces uncertainties regarding the teaching and assessment processes. We conclude that further methods need to be developed to address this competence with respect to teaching and assessment.
Learning of Pharmacogenetics in human medicine students through PBL and ICTs
Authors: Contreras Pizarro Carlos Heber , Placencia Medina Maritza Dorila , Silva Valencia Javier , Garcia Bustamante Carlos , Villarreal Valerio Julian Anibal , Pando Álvarez Rosa , Malca Casavilca Michan
Published: June 2022

Objective: To describe the learning achievement after training in pharmacogenetics based on PBL and ICT and its persistence four years later in human medicine students of a public university in Peru.Materials and Methods: The knowledge of 160 students who received training on the pharmacogenetics of warfarin applying PBL and ICT was evaluated. The instrument was based on a clinical problem applied after training and 4 years later.Results: Results of the first evaluation indicated a good analytical resolution of the problem with argumentation in the genetic conditions of the patient. The four-year evaluation showed that 89% of the students continued at higher levels of learning.Conclusion: It was shown that the use of a meaningful learning methodology with PBL and ICT can make knowledge last and serve in the future for decision-making in the selection of medication.
‘Realia & Replica’: In-class Museums and Emotional Archives
Authors: Carrera de la Red Anunciación
Published: June 2022

The teaching project ‘Realia & Replica’ promotes learning in the History, Culture, and Heritage courses offered by the Universidad de Valladolid to English Studies undergratuates. It furthers their understanding and appreciation of the histories and societies of the English-speaking cultures, their links with Spain and their cultural heritage. It comprises four interrelated seminars that culminate in an internship at the university’s libraries and historical archive. In the seminars, the classroom becomes a museum, where students work with real historical artifacts and facsimile reproductions; as interns, they receive instruction in special collections description and management. Apart from yielding excellent academic results, the project has built a teaching collection and provided assistance in cataloguing the university's library and archival holdings. It fosters the students’ professionalisation alongside their social, ethical, and cultural awareness development, inspired by practice at Rare Book School at the University of Virginia, the materiality of learning, and affect studies.
Community-engaged design studios: learning through “live” projects
Authors: Panayi Christina , Charalambous Nadia
Published: June 2022

The paper reflects on a pilot community-engaged pedagogical approach underpinned by Urban Living Labs (ULLs) methodology, developed through a second-year housing design studio at the Department of Architecture, University of Cyprus in the spring semester 2021. Through participatory action research methodology (PAR) a co-creation framework was designed, implemented and evaluated and its impact on students and the design result has been assessed.  As a meeting place for a quadruple helix of students, educators, researchers, and external stakeholders, the design studio aims to bring together architectural research, pedagogy and society for knowledge exchange and co-production as well as for increasing sustainability, diversity and inclusivity regarding urban decision-making processes.  Reflecting on the results, various suggestions for improvements are proposed in terms of the outcome, levels of involvement, tools, process and schedule.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI AKADEMIK KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Halirat Karten
Published: June 2022

The objectives of this study were: 1) knowing the effect of supervision on teacher performance, 2) knowing the effect of culture on teacher performance, 3) knowing academic supervision and school culture simultaneously on teacher performance. This study uses a survey method with a quantitative approach. Research locations in junior high schools at Selaru Sub-district, Tanimbar Regency, Maluku Province. All members of the population who were used as the research sample because the population was less than 100 people, the sample of this study were all teachers with civil servant status, suspected of being 77 people, who were famous at 7 junior high schools in Selaru Sub-district. The results showed 18.9% of junior high school teacher performance in Selaru Sub-district was affected by academic supervision, 23.3% affected by school culture, and 28.1% affected by simultaneous academic supervision and school culture. The conclusions in this study are 1) academic supervision partially affects teacher performance, 2) school culture partially affects teacher performance, 3) academic supervision and school culture simultaneously affect teacher performance.
Attracting Viewers through Advertisement by Using Code Mixing: A Sociolinguistics Study
Authors: Herman Herman , Thao Nguyen Van , Purba Ridwin , Simanjuntak Novi Sri Ulina
Published: June 2022

The artcile aims to clarify what types of code mixes are used in TV advertisements and why code mixing is used because a trend or style of speech in society, particularly among young people has evolved in the phenomenon of mixing code and changing code. Bilingualism always involves the use of code mixing in the daily conversation of people. This research was carried out with a qualitative description. The research used transcript by note as an instrument, for the purpose of this research. Note that the video transcription method was used. The information is 30 ads. Data from this research were all published on Tuesday, 1 June 2021, through Saturday 6 June 2021, by the 30 television ads selected by the researchers. The result is a compatible lexicalization and insertion which appears as types of code mixing in the advertising. and 4 reasons were found, namely talking on a specific subject, interjection, intention to clarify the content of the speech and group identity expression.

Keywords: Sociolinguistic, Code Mixing, Advertisement Analysis
A practice framework to enhance the implementation of Recognition of Prior Learning : a case study of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Durban University of Technology
Authors:   , Shelembe Thobile Namsile Vina
Published: June 2022

The South African Department of Education promulgated the Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) as a transformation strategy. However, a gap has been identified between the promise, the rhetoric of RPL and reality. An inconsistency in RPL assessments is also a problem as programmes are assessed differently. Aim The aim of this study was to explore and review the extent of RPL in the Faculty of Health Sciences and ultimately, develop a practice framework to enhance the RPL implementation. Methodology This study employed a multistage mixed method approach, using a case study framework. The first stage utilized the collection of qualitative data through semistructured interviews. The second stage utilized quantitative data collection through candidate’s portfolios of evidence, checking availability of documents required as evidence of prior experiential learning and competencies. The third stage also utilized the collection of quantitative data through reviewing the selection criteria, learner profiling and approval process, using the flow chart for RPL application and approval process. At each stage, the researcher drew upon strengths in the data collected which provided innovative approaches for addressing contemporary issues and ultimately achieving the goal of developing a theoretical model to enhance RPL implementation in the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Durban University of Technology. Findings The findings in this study revealed that RPL selection criteria in the Faculty of Health Sciences were in place. However, the findings further revealed that only one department had adequate profiling, support and mentor of candidates before development of portfolios of evidence. In all other departments, there was no evidence of learner profiling. Conclusion The Faculty of Health Sciences needs to put strategies in place to enhance the implementation of RPL. Several factors that influenced the implementation of RPL were identified, thus highlighting the need to develop a tailored practice framework for the Faculty of Health Sciences at DUT. The findings of the study, in relation to its objectives, highlight the focus areas for developing a tailored practice framework.
Chokepoints: China’s Self-Identified Strategic Technology Import Dependencies
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Murphy Ben
Published: June 2022

China’s "Science and Technology Daily," a state-run newspaper, published a revealing series of articles in 2018 on 35 different Chinese technological import dependencies. The articles, accessible here in English for the first time, express concern that strategic Chinese industries are vulnerable to any disruption to their supply of specific U.S., Japanese, and European “chokepoint” technologies. This issue brief summarizes the article series and analyzes the Chinese perspective on these import dependencies and their causes.
Legitimation freiheitsentziehender vorbeugender Eingriffe: Sozialverteidigung, Verbrechensverhinderung oder Gefahrenabwehr?
Authors: Lengauer Siegmar
Published: June 2022

Preventive measures constitute a serious legitimatory challenge within the field of criminal law: They pose the question, whether it is possible to reconcile the protection of personal liberty with the protection of the safety of the general public, without the binding effect of personal responsibility, i.e. guilt. It is a concern, that the need for greater protection might lead us to accept a degree of objectification of a certain group of offenders, that we - as a legal community - would normally oppose. A liberal legal system is founded on the principle, that an individual is to be treated as a person, not as a mere cause of danger. It is debatable, if this principle holds true within the so called second lane of modern criminal law.
Diagnostic survey on utilization of Kanwa by ruminant livestock farmers in Sokoto state, Nigeria
Authors: Adulkarim A. , Aljameel K. M. , Maigandi S. A. , Na-Allah Y.
Published: June 2022

This study examined the utilization of hydrated sodium carbonate (Kanwa) by farmers in Sokoto state. A survey was conducted in the three ADP zones of Sokoto state, each represented by three Local Government Areas to assess farmers' utilization of Kanwa on livestock production. The data collected in experiment were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. The result of the survey shows that 94.17% of the respondents offer Kanwa to their animals. Majority use Balma (32.74%), other types of Kanwa used by the respondents include Burunguzu (9.73%), table salt (19.47%), Hogga (5.3%) and Jan gishiri (0.88%).

 

 

 

 

Cette étude a examiné l'utilisation du carbonate de sodium hydraté (Kanwa) par les agriculteurs de l'État de Sokoto. Une enquête a été menée dans les trois zones ADP de l'État de Sokoto, chacune représentée par trois zones de gouvernement local pour évaluer l'utilisation par les agriculteurs de la production animale de Kanwa. Les données recueillies dans l'expérience ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives simples. Le résultat de l'enquête montre que 94,17% des répondants offrent le Kanwa à leurs animaux. La majorité utilise le Balma (32,74 %), les autres types de Kanwa utilisés par les répondants incluent le Burunguzu (9,73 %), le sel de table (19,47 %), le Hogga (5,3 %) et le Jan gishiri (0,88 %).
IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF HEMODIALISA PATIENTS WITH DECREASE ANXIETY AND IMPROVE FAMILY SUPPORT
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Kusyani Asri , Sari Sekar Diah ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Eko Kurniawan Vendi ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Sutomo Hadi ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

Chronic renal failure results in progressive and irreversible renal dysfunction, so that Hemodialysis patients experience symptoms of anxiety and decreased quality of life. quality of life is the perception of the individual in the ability of the limitations, symptoms and psychosocial nature of his life in the cultural context (physical, psycho, social, environment, spiritual). The quality of life of CKG patients with hemodysis therapy is still an interesting issue by health professionals. Low quality of life will improve hospitalization and mortality in hemodialysis therapy patients. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of life of hemodialysis pasein by increasing family support and decreasing anxiety of Hemodialisa Patients In Hemodialisa Unit of RSUD Jombang. The design of this research is Correlation Analysis with Cross Sectional approach. The population of hemodialysis patient in hemodialysis room of RSUD Jombang was 160 patients, sampling technique used quota sampling and got 32 respondents. Data was collected using a family support questionnaire, ZSRAS scale and WHQOL-BREF questionnaire analysis using spearmen rank correlation test. The result of correlation analysis between family support and quality of life is obtained ρ value = 0,029, number 0,029 <α (0,05) which means there is relationship between family support and quality of life. And the result of correlation between anxiety with quality of life obtained ρ value = 0.013, number 0.0013 <α (0.05) which means there is a relationship between anxiety with quality of life. Based on this it can be concluded that family support and anxiety levels of patients in hemodialysis are important factors that must be considered to improve the quality of life of dihemodialisa patients. health personnel, especially nurse hemodialisa should provide health education by providing support, both management support, environment and stress so that the patient's anxiety can be reduced, there by improving the quality of life of hemodialysis patients despite physical limitations.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF STRESS WITH RECURRENCE OF GASTRITIS ON THE STUDENTS GRADE XII SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 CEPU
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Winny Redita Myrsanila , Eko Kurniawan Vendi ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Hariyono Rudi ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

The linkage of stress against recurrence of gastritis when a person in stressful conditions will occur the Nervus Vagus stimulation of the sympathetic dystrophy which causes an increase production of Hydrochloric Acid (HCI) in stomach, it will causing irritation of the gastric mucosa. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of stress with recurrence of gastritis on the students Grade XII Senior High School 1 Cepu. The design of this research is analytical correlation, the population is the whole of students Grade XII Senior High School 1 Cepu as many as 251 persons. The sampling techniques of this research is purposive sampling (41respondents) with distributed questionnaires to measure the stress level (DASS 42) and recurrence of gastritis quetionnaires. Obtained results that 9 respondents (21.95%) included in a mild stress levels, 9 respondents (21.95%) included in moderate stress levels, 8 respondents (19.51%) included in severe stress levels, and 27 respondents (65.85%) experienced of recurrence of gastritis. The analyze data using statistical test of rank spearman which shows the value of significance of ρ = .002 (ρ ≤ 0,05) means that H1 is accepted, then the conclusion there is the relationship of stress with recurrence of gastritis.Therefore it necessary the positive coping pattern to confront the stressor in order to avoid stress which resulting in recurrence of gastritis
THE EFFECT OF DIAFRAGMA BREATHING EXERCISE ON LESS BREAK-IN COPD CLIENTS
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Putri Santoso Shelfi Dwi Retnani
Published: June 2022

Dyspnea for COPD clients is a major problem requiring major help. Apart from disturbing the comfort, dyspnea can inhibit the activity of the client. It is important for nurses to innovate interventions in reducing dyspnea in COPD clients. This study aimed to determine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises as one of the interventions to reduce dyspnea. This study used a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with a control group, 46 respondents were selected by consecutive sampling, consisting of 23 respondents in the treatment group and 23 respondents in the control group. The independent variable in this study was a diaphragmatic breathing exercise. The dependent variable is dyspnea. Data collection for variable dyspnea using the CAT scale. The statistical test used was Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with significant α = 0.05. The results of this study indicate that intervention diaphragmatic breathing exercises can reduce dyspnea in COPD clients with ρ = 0,000. Intervention of diaphragmatic breathing exercises can reduce dyspnea in COPD clients by increasing the strength of the diaphragm muscles which are the main muscles of breathing. Further research requires pulmonary physiological examination (spirometry test) as one of the research variables.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STIMULI COMBINATION OF PURSED LIP BREATHING AND DISTRACTIVE AUDITORY ON EXPIRATORY FLOW PEAK VALUE IN COPD PATIENTS IN JOMBANG HOSPITAL
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Rozi Fahrur
Published: June 2022

Dyspnea is a condition that describes the sensation of shortness of breath, which is characterized by airflow obstruction, or difficulty breathing and shortness of breath are often associated with heart or respiratory disease, This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the combination pursed Lip Breathing and Distractive Auditory Stimuli to perception of Dyspnea and Peak expiratory Flow Rate in COPD patients. This study design used queasy Experiment one group pretest-posttest with a control group, studies were conducted in 32 patients with COPD in the Pavilion Cempaka Jombang General Hospital in February-March 2018. Respondents were divided into 4 groups aged between 50-79 years. Group 1 was given therapy Breathing Lips pursed, Distractive Auditory Stimuli group 2, group 3 combination Breathing Lips pursed and Distractive Auditory Stimuli, group 4 as the control group. Results and Analysis: Analysis of paired t-test PLB had a significant value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05), the DAS had a significant value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05), the combination had a significant value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05 ). While statistically MANOVA test the combination group as evidenced by the value of Wilks' Lambda indicated the significance level of 0.000 (p <0.05). This shows the differences between the mean value of Dyspnea and PEF in the treatment group and the control group with the power difference of 0.648 in the combination group. Discussion and Conclusion: Nurses can use the PLB and DAS combination therapy as an alternative therapy for reducing the perception of dyspnea and increase the value of PEF in patients with COPD.
FACTORS RELATED TO THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TODDLERS AGED 2-6 YEARS IN PUCANGRO VILLAGE, GUDO DISTRICT, JOMBANG REGENCY
Authors:   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Illa Mauluvya Ayank , Kusyani Asri ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, Hamid Hamid ,   STIKes Bahrul Ulum Jombang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Published: June 2022

Nutrition is an important factor that determines the level of health and well-being of humans where the level of optimal nutritional status will be achieved if the optimal nutritional needs are fulfilled. Nutrition in toddlers is influenced by several factors, namely mother's age, mother's occupation, mother's nutritional knowledge, number of children and family economy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors related to the nutritional status of toddlers under five. This research uses correlation analytic design with cross sectional approach. The sample used was 59 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection used a questionnaire. The results obtained are that the mother's knowledge of the nutritional status of toddlers was as many as 54 people (91.5%) with a good nutritional status of toddlers. Based on the statistical tests, there is a correlation between mother’s knowledge and nutritional status of toddlers under five in Pucangro Village, Gudo District, Jombang Regency with p = value (0.022) <(α: 0.05). There is no relationship between mother's age and nutritional status of toddlers under five with value of p = 0.431> α: 0.05, no relationship between mother's occupation and nutritional status of toddlers under five with a value of p = 0.405> α: 0.05, no relationship between the number of children with nutritional status of toddlers with p = 0.694> α: 0.05, and no economic relationship with the nutritional status of toddlers with p = 0.188> α: 0.05. The factors related to the nutritional status of toddlers under five must be considered such as mother's age, mother's occupation, number of children, family economy and mother's knowledge, in Pucangro Village, Gudo District, Jombang Regency, 54 people have good knowledge so that they can achieve good nutritional status.
Distribution and stable carbon isotopic composition of dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls in fresh and aged biomass burning aerosols
Authors: Shen Minxia , Ho Kin Fai , Dai Wenting , Liu Suixin , Zhang Ting , Wang Qiyuan , Meng Jingjing , Chow Judith C. , Watson John G. , Cao Junji , Li Jianjun
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Biomass burning (BB) is a significant source of dicarboxylic acids
(diacids) and related compounds that play important roles in atmospheric
chemistry and climate change. In this study, a combustion chamber and
oxidation flow reactor were used to generate fresh and aged aerosols from
burned rice, maize and wheat straw to investigate atmospheric aging and the
stable carbon isotopic (δ13C) composition of these emissions.
Succinic acid (C4) was the most abundant species in fresh samples,
while oxalic acid (C2) became dominant after atmospheric aging. Of all
diacids, C2 had the highest aged to fresh emission ratios (A/F),
suggesting that C2 is largely produced through secondary photochemical
processes. Compared with fresh samples, the emission factors of
ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls increased after 2 d but
decreased after 7 d aging, indicating a short residence time and further
atmospheric degradation from 2 to 7 d. The δ13C values of
C2 for aged biomass samples were higher than those of urban aerosols
but lower than marine or mountain aerosols, and the δ13C values
of C2 became isotopically heavier during aging. Relationships between
the reduction in volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as toluene,
benzene and isoprene, and increase in diacids after 2 d aging indicate
that these VOCs led to the formation of diacids. However, no significant
correlation was found between decreases in VOCs and increases in 7 d aged
diacids. In addition, the A/F of C2 was 50.8 at 2 d and 64.5 at 7 d, indicating that the conversion of VOCs to C2 was almost completed
within 2 d. For the longer aging times, the particulate-phase compounds
may undergo further degradation in the oxidation processes.
The Impact of Built Environment on Bike Commuting: Utilising Strava Bike Data and Geographically Weighted Models
Authors: Shin Hyesop , Cagnina Costanza , Basiri Anahid
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Active travel provides significant public health benefits including improving physical and mental health and air quality. Given the geography of congested roads, availability of required infrastructure and cost of transportation in cities, promoting active travel, including cycling, can be a good solution for commuting within built environments. Having a better understanding of the key drivers that may influence bike ridership can help with designing cities that accommodate cyclists’ needs for healthier citizens. This paper examines the built environment features that may affect commuting cyclists. We respectively employ Ordinary Linear Square (OLS) regression and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) for 136 Intermediate Zones of the city of Glasgow, UK. The results of GWR show that the significant local variation in green areas suggests that even though the global regression showed a negative association between the greenness and commute cycling, over half of the IZ areas had a strong positive association with the green areas. Building height and Public Transport Availability Index show geographic patterns where the residuals are fairly stationary across the study area with some clusters of high residuals. Performance wise, the results from GWR provided an R2 of 0.73 which was higher than OLS at 0.3. Our results can provide insights into how to use crowdsourced cycling data when there are spatially and temporally limited resources available.
Unlocking social network analysis methods for studying human mobility
Authors: Wiedemann Nina , Martin Henry , Raubal Martin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Planning and operations in urban spaces are strongly affected by human mobility behavior. A better understanding of individual mobility is key to improve transportation systems and to guide the allocation of public space. Previous studies have discovered statistical laws of travel distances, but the topology of movement between places has received little attention. We propose to employ network modelling methods to analyze the effect of spatial and context attributes on individual movement patterns. The perspective of mobility as a network allows to explicitly regard dyadic dependencies of sequential location visits. Here, we consider two methods developed for social networks and provide a formulation of mobility networks to justify their applicability. First, we use the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to test hypotheses on the influence of location attributes on mobility behavior. Secondly, Stochastic Actor-Oriented Models are applied to model the evolution of mobility networks over time. As a proof-of-concept study, we transform data from one GNSS-based and one check-in based dataset into mobility networks and present results from both methods. We find relations that appear for a majority of samples and thus seem inherent to mobility networks. The differences between individuals and the available datasets are further quantified and discussed. We conclude that the transfer of network modeling methods is an interesting opportunity to study network-related phenomena in geographic information science.
Machine Learning with UAS LiDAR for Winter Wheat Biomass Estimations
Authors: Bates Jordan , Jonard Francois , Bajracharya Rajina , Vereecken Harry , Montzka Carsten
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Biomass is an important indicator in the ecological and management process that can now be estimated at higher temporal and spatial resolutions because of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). LiDAR sensor technology has advanced enabling more compact sizes that can be integrated with UAS platforms. Its signals are capable of penetrating through vegetation canopies enabling the capture of more information along the plant structure. Separate studies have used LiDAR for crop height, rate of canopy penetrations as related to leaf area index (LAI), and signal intensity as an indicator of plant chlorophyll status or green area index (GAI). These LiDAR products are combined within a machine learning method such as an artificial neural network (ANN) to assess the potential in making accurate biomass estimations for winter wheat.
Corn planting quality assessment in very high-resolution RGB UAV imagery using Yolov5 and Python
Authors: Casuccio Lucas , Kotze André
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Uniform plant spacing along crop rows is a primary concern in maximising yield in precision agriculture, and research has shown that variation in this spacing uniformity has a detrimental effect on productive potential. This irregularity needs to be evaluated as early and efficiently as possible to facilitate effective decision-making. Traditionally, variation in seedling spacing is sampled manually on site, however recent technological developments have made it possible to refine, scale and automate this process. Using machine-learning (ML) object detection techniques, plants can be detected in very high-resolution RGB (redgreen-blue) imagery acquired by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and after processing and geometric analysis of the results a measurement of the variability in intra-row plant distances can be obtained. This proposed technique is superior to traditional methods since the sampling can be made over more area in less time, and the results are more representative and objective. The main benefits are speed, accuracy and cost reduction. This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of automatically assessing sowing quality in any number of images, using ML object detection and the Shapely Python library for geometrical analysis. The prototype model can detect 99.35% of corn plants in test data from the same field, but also detects 1.89% false positives. Our geometric analysis algorithm has been shown to be robust in finding planting rows orientation and interplant lines in test cases. The result is a coefficient of variation (CV) calculated per sample image, which can be visualised geographically to support decision-making.
A Geospatial Dashboard Prototype for Evaluating Spatial Datasets by using Semantic Data Concepts and Open Source Libraries
Authors: Figgemeier Heiko , Rümmler Arne , Henzen Christin
Published: June 2022

Abstract. In today’s research data management, experts discuss datasets to be FAIR, as they should become findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (Lacagnia et al. 2021). In recent years, quality information and provenance information as well as dataset’s general metadata have become important aspects to evaluate a dataset's fitness for use. In order to capture and process this meta-information in a systematic way, users need frameworks and meaningful user interfaces that allow them to interact with the information and to visualize them. Therefore, we provide a user-friendly and interactive geodashboard implementation as first prototype that supports the evaluation of spatial datasets with linked widgets by applying semantic concepts and using open source libraries.
What are intersections for pedestrian users?
Authors: Favreau Jean-Marie , Kalsron Jérémy
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The increase of accessibility and pedestrian data in geographic databases such as OpenStreetMap brings with it the possibility to find a number of applications for pedestrian users.The way in which different urban spaces are crossed obviously depends on their nature. In particular, crossing an intersection is not the same as walking along a street. Intersections are particularly complex areas, where crossing is almost mandatory, often with several possible routes.Although there are various works in the literature that are interested in locating these intersections in a road network, to our knowledge there is no work that deals with the precise segmentation of intersections at the scale of pedestrian use.In this article, we propose an approach that allows us to segment the OpenStreetMap street network at the pedestrian level, by precisely identifying the boundaries between intersections and other spaces.By combining the geometry, topology and semantics of the urban automobile network of OpenStreetMap, we propose an algorithm for locating elementary intersections, and then successively assembling them in a multi-scale approach, in order to obtain the intersections as they are considered by pedestrians during their movements. In particular, our approach relies on the elements that constitute the boundaries of these intersections, such as pedestrian crossings and traffic lights.After presenting an implementation of this approach, we offer a number of results that illustrate the robustness of the proposed approach.
Comparison of CNN-based segmentation models for forest type classification
Authors: Kocon Kevin , Krämer Michel , Würz Hendrik M.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. We present the results from evaluating various Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models to compare their usefulness for forest type classification. Machine Learning based on CNNs is known to be suitable to identify relevant patterns in remote sensing imagery. With the availability of free data sets (e.g. the Copernicus Sentinel-2 data), Machine Learning can be utilized for forest monitoring, which provides useful and timely information helping to measure and counteract the effects of climate change. To this end, we performed a case study with publicly available data from the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. We created an automated pipeline to preprocess and filter this data and trained the CNN models UNet, PSPNet, SegNet, and FCN-8. Since the data contained large rural areas, we augmented the imagery to improve classification results. We reapplied the trained models to the data, compared the results for each model, and evaluated the effect of augmentation. Our results show that UNet performs best with a categorical accuracy of 73% when trained with augmented imagery.
Impact of 3D cloud structures on the atmospheric trace gas products from UV–Vis sounders – Part 3: Bias estimate using synthetic and observational data
Authors: Kylling Arve , Emde Claudia , Yu Huan , van Roozendael Michel , Stebel Kerstin , Veihelmann Ben , Mayer Bernhard
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Three-dimensional (3D) cloud structures may impact atmospheric trace gas products from ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) sounders. We used synthetic and observational data to identify and quantify possible cloud-related
bias in NO2 tropospheric vertical column density (TVCD). The synthetic data were based on high-resolution large eddy simulations which were input to a 3D radiative transfer model. The simulated visible spectra for low-earth-orbiting and geostationary geometries were analysed with standard retrieval methods and cloud correction schemes that are employed in operational NO2 satellite products. For the observational data, the NO2 products from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) were used, while the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) provided high-spatial-resolution cloud and radiance data. NO2 profile shape, cloud shadow fraction, cloud top height, cloud optical depth, and solar zenith and viewing angles were identified as the metrics being the most important in identifying 3D cloud
impacts on NO2 TVCD retrievals.
For a solar zenith angle less than about 40∘ the synthetic
data show that the NO2 TVCD bias is typically below 10 %, while
for larger solar zenith angles the NO2 TVCD is low-biased by tens of percent. The horizontal variability of NO2 and differences in TROPOMI and VIIRS overpass times make it challenging to identify a similar bias in the observational data. However, for optically thick clouds above 3000 m, a low bias appears to be present in the observational data.
The “SafeSpace” database of ULF power spectral density and radial diffusion coefficients: dependencies and application to simulations
Authors: Katsavrias Christos , Nasi Afroditi , Daglis Ioannis A. , Aminalragia-Giamini Sigiava , Dahmen Nourallah , Papadimitriou Constantinos , Georgiou Marina , Brunet Antoine , Bourdarie Sebastien
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Radial diffusion has been established as one of the most important
mechanisms contributing to both the acceleration and loss of
relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt, as well as to the
supply of particles to the inner radiation belt. In the framework of
the “SafeSpace” project, we have used 9 years (2011–2019) of multi-point
magnetic and electric field measurements from THEMIS A, D and E
satellites to create a database of radial diffusion coefficients
(DLL) and ultra-low-frequency (ULF) wave power spectral densities
(PSDs) spanning an L∗ range from 3 to 8. In this work we
investigate the dependence of the DLL on the various solar wind
parameters, geomagnetic indices and coupling functions, as well as the
L-shell, during the solar cycle 24. Moreover, we discuss the
uncertainties introduced on the estimation of DLL time series by
the partial azimuthal coverage provided by in situ
measurements. Furthermore, we investigate, via a superposed analysis,
the dependence of the DLL on solar wind drivers. We show, for the
first time to the best of our knowledge, that the interplanetary coronal mass
ejection (ICME)-driven disturbances accompanied by high solar wind
pressure values combined with intense magnetospheric compression can
produce DLLB values comparable to or even greater than the
ones of DLLE. This feature cannot be captured by
semi-empirical models and introduces a significant energy dependence
on the DLL. Finally, we show the advantages of using DLL
time series by means of numerical simulations of relativistic electron
fluxes performed with the Salammbô code and significant deviations in the predictions of several semi-empirical models depending on the level of geomagnetic activity and L-shell.
GENerator of reduced Organic Aerosol mechanism (GENOA v1.0): An automatic generation tool of semi-explicit mechanisms
Authors: Wang Zhizhao , Couvidat Florian , Sartelet Karine
Published: June 2022

Abstract. This paper describes the GENerator of Reduced Organic Aerosol Mechanisms (GENOA) that produces semi-explicit mechanisms for simulating the formation and evolution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in air-quality models. Using a series of predefined reduction strategies and evaluation criteria, GENOA trains and reduces SOA mechanisms from explicit chemical mechanisms (e.g., the master chemical mechanism (MCM)) under representative atmospheric conditions. As a consequence, these trained SOA mechanisms can preserve the accuracy of explicit VOC mechanisms on SOA formation (e.g., molecular structures of crucial compounds, the effect of non-ideality and hydrophilic/hydrophobic partitioning of aerosols), with a size (in terms of reaction and species numbers) that is manageable for three-dimensional aerosol modeling (e.g., regional chemical transport models). Applied to the degradation of a sesquiterpene (β-caryophyllene) from MCM, GENOA builds a concise SOA mechanism (2 % of the MCM size), consisting of 23 reactions and 15 species, six of them being condensable. The generated SOA mechanism has been evaluated for its ability to reproduce SOA concentrations under varying atmospheric conditions encountered over Europe, with an average error lower than 3 %.
Transient climate simulations of the Holocene (version 1) – experimental design and boundary conditions
Authors: Tian Zhiping , Jiang Dabang , Zhang Ran , Su Baohuang
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The Holocene, which started approximately 11.5 ka, is the latest interglacial period with several rapid climate changes with timescales, from decades to centuries, superimposed on the
millennium-scale mean climate trend. Climate models provide useful tools to
investigate the underlying dynamic mechanisms for the climate change during
this well-studied time period. Thanks to the improvements in the climate
model and computational power, transient simulation of the Holocene offers
an opportunity to investigate the climate evolution in response to
time-varying external forcings and feedbacks. Here, we present the design of a new set of transient experiments for the whole Holocene from 11.5 ka to the preindustrial period (1850; HT-11.5 ka) to investigate both the combined and separated effects of the main external forcing of orbital insolation, atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, and ice sheets on the climate evolution over the Holocene. The HT-11.5 ka simulations are performed with a relatively high-resolution version of the comprehensive Earth system model CESM1.2.1 without acceleration, both fully and singly forced by time-varying boundary conditions of orbital configurations, atmospheric GHGs, and ice sheets. Preliminary simulation results show a slight decrease in the global annual mean surface air temperature from 11.5 to 7.5 ka due to both changes in orbital insolation and GHG concentrations, with an abrupt cooling at approximately 7.5 ka, which is followed by a continuous warming until the preindustrial period, mainly due to increased GHG concentrations. Both at global and zonal mean scales, the simulated annual and seasonal temperature changes at 6 ka lie within the range of the 14 PMIP4 model results and are overall stronger than their arithmetic mean results for the Middle Holocene simulations. Further analyses on the HT-11.5 ka transient simulation results will be covered by follow-up studies.
Marian GORYNIA (red.): Ewolucja nauk ekonomicznych. Jedność a różnorodność, relacje do innych nauk. Problemy klasyfikacyjne
Authors: Hardt Łukasz
Published: June 2022

Recenzje i omówienia
A New Monetary Analysis Tool: The Daily Liquidity Dataset
Authors: YILMAZ ENGIN
Published: June 2022

The term of liquidity is complex and unclear in the economic literature. This paper tries to explain this concept in practice for the Turkish economy. The statistics of EFT (Electronic Fund Transfer) system and the analytical balance sheet of the Central Bank of Turkish Republic are used to explain what the liquidity is and how the liquidity situation changes in the country’s financial system. The liquidity is classified as “market liquidity”. The EFT system is used to materialize the market liquidity and the statistics of EFT system are used to explain the volume of market liquidity. The daily liquidity dataset for Central Bank of Turkish Republic is created and the determinants of the liquidity situation are analysed from perspective of analytical balance sheet. This study identifies that the increase in the currency issued and government sector deposits are main determinants of the liquidity deficit and also concludes that the liquidity surplus results from the increment in net foreign assets and domestic assets. Most importantly, this article shows that Central Bank of Turkish Republic took a countercyclical position against both the liquidity deficit and liquidity surplus between 2013 and 2018 (except 2016).
Julio López Gallardo
Authors: Osiatyński Jerzy
Published: June 2022

In memoriam
Sebastian BOBOWSKI: Japonia w regionie i regionalizmie Azji Wschodniej w XXI wieku
Authors: Ząbkowicz Anna
Published: June 2022

Recenzje i omówienia
The Impact of Industrial Robot Use on Exports in European Countries – an Empirical Analysis
Authors: Şahin Levent , Şahin Dilek Kutluay
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the relationship between the volume of export and the number of industrial robots in the selected European countries is examined by using the simultaneous equation models. Panel data of Austria, Belgium, Czechia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom are used. The study covers the period of 2006-2018, for which the required data are available. The article is a unique empirical study related to the subject because the literature on this topic is quite scarce. According to the results of the analysis results, there is a positive relationship among the number of industrial robots used and the volume of exports. One can therefore assume that the use of industrial robots contributes to the growth of exports, mainly by the decrease of production costs which improves international competitiveness of industrial products. Therefore, European policymakers should support using robots in manufacturing and other sectors of the economy. In this way, Europe can strengthen its position in the world trade against strong competition from China, the United States, and Japan.
Zarządzanie strategiczne akademickim kształceniem ekonomistów w kontekście oczekiwań studentów i wymagań zmieniającego się rynku pracy
Authors: Mijal Anna
Published: June 2022

Kultura i edukacja ekonomiczna były tematem jednej z sesji panelowych X Kongresu Ekonomistów Polskich, który odbył się w listopadzie 2019 r. W nowej klasyfikacji dziedzin i dyscyplin naukowych wprowadzonej w Polsce w 2018 r. nie uwzględniono kategorii nauki ekonomiczne. Rodzi to pytanie o identyfikację kierunków i profili kształcenia ekonomicznego na poziomie wyższym, wpływając zarazem na kształtowanie oferty edukacyjnej uczelni. Kierunki ekonomiczne nadal cieszą się dużą popularnością, ale coraz częściej poddawany jest krytyce zakres i sposób kształcenia ekonomistów. Studenci domagają się wprowadzenia pluralizmu w naukach ekonomicznych i zmniejszenia stopnia ich matematyzacji, „odświeżenia” nauk ekonomicznych i intelektualnej heterogeniczności. Przywrócenie tożsamości nauk społecznych wymaga odpowiedniej strategii zarządzania uczelniami jako ośrodkami naukowymi i edukacyjnymi. Celem artykułu jest próba identyfikacji strategicznych uwarunkowań zarządzania działalnością edukacyjną w szkołach wyższych w zakresie kształcenia ekonomicznego oraz perspektyw jego rozwoju w kontekście horyzontalnego rynku pracy.