bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ageing of Technical Air and Technical Air with 7.5% C5-Fluoroketone by Free-Burning Arcs
Authors: Subhana Arik , Sasaki Støa-Aanensen Nina , Gammelsæter Marte , Seither Erik Jonsson , Mauseth Frank
Published: August 2023

This paper reports on the effect of ageing by free-burning arcs in 7.5% C5-fluoroketone (C5-FK) with 92.5% technical air in comparison to that in technical air (80% N2, 20% O2) at 1.3bar absolute pressure. The gases are aged by applying a series of arcs dissipating an accumulated energy of around 315kJ. It is found that the arc voltages in technical air and technical air with C5-FK are in the same range and do not vary significantly as a function of ageing or current amplitude (∼40-900 A). Contact erosion in both mediums is found to be similar if the discharge procedure is same. However, erosion increases significantly if ageing is performed in a short contact gap that needs more arcing operations to achieve similar level of arcing energy accumulation. Furthermore, gas decomposition by-products are analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry.
Effect of Copper Vapor on Radiation Properties of C4F7N Gas Mixtures
Authors: Deng Jungwei , Zhang Boya , Li Xingwen
Published: August 2023

C4F7N and its mixture with buffer gases are regarded as the most promising SF6-alternative gases in gas circuit breakers. The switching arc can severely ablate the electrodes, producing copper metal vapor that combine with the C4F7N gas mixture to chang radiation characteristics. This paper compares the net emission coefficient of C4F7N mixtures at various mixing ratios and assesses the effect of 20% copper vapor. It is found that adding copper vapor can greatly enhance radiation.
Nas encruzilhadas da Endodontia: para aonde ir?
Authors: Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro , Alcalde Murilo Priori
Published: August 2023

Na clínica endodôntica, diariamente nos deparamos com situações de dúvidas na tomada de decisão para resolução de um determinado problema. Atualmente, há vários choques de pensamentos e filosofias, os quais nos colocam em encruzilhadas nas quais devemos decidir qual a melhor conduta clínica para atingirmos melhores taxas de sucesso. É importante salientar que não há atalhos no caminho para o sucesso do tratamento. Além disso, mensurar o êxito do tratamento exclusivamente pelo tempo (40, 50 ou 60 minutos) ou usando radiografias periapicais pode, na realidade, se tornar uma armadilha. Os tratamentos endodônticos, quando regidos pelos conceitos biológicos e com embasamento científico, apresentam índices de sucesso acima dos 90%. Mas, para isso, o endodontista ou clínico geral deve compreender que opiniões pessoais e sem qualquer tipo de evidência devem ser desconsideradas.
Análise da agitação manual e agitação mecânica na remoção de detritos dentinários presentes em sulcos artificiais no canal radicular
Authors: Carvalho Fabiola Bastos de , Simões Hannah Barros , Cangussu Maria Cristina Teixeira , Rasquin Luis Cardoso
Published: August 2023

Introdução: Os detritos dentinários produzidos na instrumentação podem ser considerados clinicamente relevantes porque podem abrigar conteúdo microbiano não removido pelos procedimentos de desinfecção. Objetivos: Avaliar diferentes técnicas de agitação (agitação dinâmica manual, agitação com instrumento XP-Endo Finisher e irrigação ultrassônica passiva) na limpeza de detritos dentinários presentes em sulcos artificiais criados nas paredes do canal radicular. Métodos: 36 dentes humanos extraídos, unirradiculares, foram distribuídos em cinco grupos, de acordo com o protocolo de agitação: grupo controle negativo (GCN); grupo controle positivo (GCP); agitação dinâmica manual (ADM); irrigação ultrassônica passiva (PUI); e agitação com instrumento XP-Endo Finisher (XP). Após o preparo do canal radicular, os dentes foram clivados, com o objetivo de confeccionar um sulco longitudinal na parede interna vestibular dos canais radiculares para colocação de detritos dentinários. As amostras foram colocadas em mufla para realização dos protocolos de agitação. A avaliação da remoção dos detritos dos sulcos foi feita por meio de lupa estereoscópica. Resultados: Observou-se maior remoção dos detritos dentinários (p<0,05) nos grupos PUI e XP, em comparação com o grupo ADM. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa (p>0,05) entre os grupos PUI e XP. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que os protocolos que utilizaram a agitação mecânica (PUI e XP) se mostraram mais eficazes na remoção dos detritos dentinários dos sulcos artificiais no canal radicular do que a agitação manual.
Protocolo seletivo de tratamento endodôntico de regeneração pulpar: caso clínico
Authors: Andrade Raissa Faria , Frozoni Marcos Roberto dos Santos , Mendes Élida Boaventura
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O tratamento endodôntico regenerativo favorece a continuidade do desenvolvimento radicular em dentes com rizogênese incompleta e necrose pulpar. Representa uma alternativa à apicificação com trocas de pasta de hidróxido de cálcio ou com tampão apical com agregado trióxido mineral (MTA), que não permite a complementação da formação radicular, mantendo as paredes frágeis e com pouca espessura. Objetivo: O presente trabalho relata um caso clínico de um molar inferior com ápice incompleto e necrose pulpar, no qual foram usados protocolos de tratamento regenerativo diferentes nas raízes mesial e distal. Relato de caso: Na raiz distal, foi realizado protocolo de revascularização pulpar convencional, com medicação intracanal por 21 dias e, após esse período, foi realizada indução do sangramento para formação do coágulo sanguíneo e selamento cervical com MTA. Por apresentar ponte dentinária no terço médio, a raiz mesial foi preenchida com MTA até o ponto da calcificação, e a porção apical não recebeu qualquer tipo de tratamento. Resultados e Conclusão: Após dois anos e dez meses, observou-se deposição de tecido mineralizado nas paredes dos canais radiculares e diminuição progressiva dos diâmetros apicais nas duas raízes, demonstrando sucesso do protocolo seletivo realizado.
Avaliação do grau de penetração do cimento obturador em canais acessórios após o uso de ultrassom
Authors: Moraes Raíssa Fernanda Santos de , Almeida Wanderson Carvalho de , Almeida Ronaldo Carvalho-Pinto de , Falcão Daniel Fernandes , Falcão Lucas Fernandes , Pinto Moara da Silva Conceição , Lima Luciana Reinaldo , Ferraz Moara da Silva Conceição , Falcão Carlos Alberto Monteiro
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo observar o grau de penetração do cimento obturador nos canais laterais de raízes de molares inferiores nos quais foi utilizada a ativação ultrassônica do cimento. Métodos: foram selecionadas 40 raízes distais de molares inferiores, nas quais foram confeccionados canais radiculares laterais nos terços apical e médio. As raízes foram instrumentadas e preenchidas de acordo com os grupos. O teste de Kruskal-Wallis (ANOVA) foi realizado nos quatro grupos na condição a 3 mm do ápice, e a comparação entre os grupos foi feita pelo teste de Mann-Whitney. No Grupo 1, o preenchimento foi realizado após a retirada da smear layer com EDTA ativado com lima de memória; no Grupo 2, o preenchimento foi realizado com ativação do cimento por ultrassom, após retirada da smear layer com EDTA agitado manualmente; no Grupo 3, o EDTA foi ativado por ultrassom (PUI), sem ativação do cimento obturador; e no Grupo 4, tanto o EDTA quanto o cimento obturador foram ativados por ultrassom. Resultados: Houve maior penetração do cimento a 7mm do ápice com o ultrassom, em comparação ao grupo que não utilizou o ultrassom. Os outros grupos não apresentaram diferença estatística. Conclusão: A ativação com ultrassom do cimento obturador diminuiu falhas na estrutura obturadora e aumentou a penetração dos cimentos nos túbulos dentinários, o que provavelmente poderia prevenir a permanência de microrganismos que não foram eliminados durante o preparo químico-mecânico.
Prevalência e distribuição demográfica de canais médio-mesiais em molares inferiores de uma subpopulação chilena
Authors: Bengoa Fernando Peña , Jerez Simon , Lazo Leonardo , Dufey Nicolás Armando , Melendez Patricio
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivos determinar a prevalência e a distribuição demográfica de canais médio-mesiais (CMM) em molares inferiores de uma subpopulação chilena, e identificar sua configuração anatômica, direção e nível do trajeto final, usando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Métodos: Foram analisados 844 molares inferiores (422 primeiros molares e 422 segundos molares) de 211 pacientes (83 homens e 128 mulheres com idades entre 12 e 50 anos). Uma análise tomográfica multiplanar com cortes de 0,2 mm foi utilizada para determinar a presença do CMM e classificá-lo de acordo com a configuração anatômica, direção e trajeto final. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente a um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Do total de molares analisados, 24 (2,84%) apresentavam CMM. Desses, 95,83% (n = 23) corresponderam a primeiros molares e 4,17% (n = 1), a segundos molares. A configuração mais prevalente foi a do tipo confluente (n = 17), com trajeto final do canal em direção ao canal mesiovestibular (n = 10). Uma prevalência significativamente maior de CMM foi observada em homens, mas sem faixa etária específica. Conclusão: Na população estudada, o CMM foi mais prevalente nos primeiros molares inferiores de pacientes do sexo masculino, sem predileção por idade. A configuração mais frequente foi do tipo confluente, com trajeto final em direção ao terço médio do canal mesiovestibular. O conhecimento dessas configurações de canais radiculares mais comuns e o uso da TCFC no planejamento do tratamento endodôntico podem aumentar as chances de sucesso no tratamento de molares inferiores com CMM.
Índice de sucesso do capeamento pulpar direto: análise por critérios clínicos e exames de imagem
Authors: Alves Elaine Bauer , Almeida Josiane de , Rodrigues Andrigo , Ribeiro Patrícia Ávila , Kopper Patricia Maria Poli , Vassen Anarela Bernardi
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o índice de sucesso do capeamento pulpar direto (CPD) em dentes permanentes com rizogênese completa de pacientes atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (FOUNESC) entre 2014 e 2017. Métodos: Após consulta aos prontuários, foram identificados 25 dentes submetidos ao CPD com cimento de hidróxido de cálcio, dos quais 17 adequavam-se aos critérios de inclusão. De cada prontuário, foram coletados os seguintes dados: idade e sexo do paciente, localização do dente na arcada, e presença ou ausência de alteração periapical nos exames radiográfico e tomográfico. Os casos em que o dente foi submetido ao tratamento endodôntico após o CPD, respondeu negativamente aos testes de sensibilidade ou apresentou alteração periapical nos exames de imagem no acompanhamento foram classificados como insucesso. Dentes vitais, assintomáticos e sem alteração periapical radiográfica ou tomográfica foram considerados como sucesso. As frequências de cada critério foram calculadas e os dados, analisados pelo teste do qui-quadrado (α = 5%). Resultados: Inicialmente, dos 17 casos submetidos ao acompanhamento, nove foram considerados como insucesso, pois o tratamento endodôntico já havia sido realizado. Dos oito casos restantes, três enquadraram-se como insucesso, por apresentarem rompimento de lâmina dura ou necrose pulpar. Cinco casos de CPD foram considerados como sucesso, correspondendo a 29,41%. Foi observada associação apenas entre sucesso do CPD e sexo feminino (p = 0,029). Conclusão: O índice de sucesso dos 17 casos de CPD em dentes com rizogênese completa dos pacientes atendidos na FOUNESC entre 2014 e 2017 correspondeu a 29,41%.
Selamento de perfurações: um tutorial em formato de apresentação de slides
Authors: Moura João Daniel Mendonça de , Miranda Ana Raquel Lopes dos Santos , Gomes Thamires Campos , Rodrigues Patricia de-Almeida
Published: August 2023

Introdução: A perfuração endodôntica é um dos acidentes que mais compromete o sucesso do tratamento dentário. O não tratamento desse quadro permite a contaminação da região por meio de fluídos salivares, levando a uma progressão da inflamação, com consequente destruição do osso alveolar. Dependendo do local, grau de infecção do dente, acessibilidade e outros fatores, o cirurgião-dentista precisa modificar o planejamento e, em muitos casos, até mesmo considerar intervenções complementares, como a cirurgia parendodôntica. Objetivos: Visando auxiliar o profissional na escolha do tipo de intervenção para resolver casos de perfuração endodôntica, foi desenvolvido um tutorial sobre selamento de perfurações, utilizando o programa PowerPoint®, por meio de uma apresentação de slides que guiará o profissional na resolução dos tipos de perfurações, desmistificando a complexidade do tratamento desses acidentes. Resultados: Um tutorial interativo pode ajudar a melhorar o prognóstico no tratamento das perfurações, sabendo-se que um dos fatores-chave para o sucesso é o tempo em que elas são tratadas. Conclusão: O tutorial interativo “Selamento de perfurações: um tutorial em formato de apresentação de slides” é uma opção prática e eficiente para a escolha do tratamento mais adequado para as diversas situações clínicas que envolvem os casos de perfurações radiculares.
Biblický kánon a problém autority
Authors: Roskovec Jan
Published: August 2023

In recent centuries, the authority of the Bible has been primarily a subject of apology. However, the Christian conception of the canon can also be an inspiration in the world in which authorities are a problem. On the one hand, after the unfortunate experience with totalitarian ideologies, we rightly resist the authoritarian usurpers of truth. On the other hand, it turns out that we cannot do without authority. Approaching the Biblical collection as a (court) dispute of witnesses corresponds to the original ancient understanding of authority as an alternative to the exercise of power.
„V otázce ‚fenoménu Hromádka‘ je třeba se rozhodnout“: Vztah Josefa Smolíka k J. L. Hromádkovi v soudobém evangelickém kontextu
Authors: Morée Peter
Published: August 2023

Josef L. Hromádka represented for Josef Smolík from the beginning of his study of theology and his active engagement in the Evangelical Church of the Bohemian Brethren as pastor and teacher of practical theology a dominant figure for his theological orientation. His view on the Czech systematic theologian saw a development from a more critical view in the time after the Second World War to a strong appreciation in the 1970s and 1980s. This study examines the evolution of Smolík’s view on Hromádka in the context of the stages of the communist rule in Czechoslovakia and compares it to the views of his contemporaries in both the Protestant establishment as well as in dissident circles of the time.
Sustainable agriculture: Influence of macro - and micro - nutrient levels, mixture and humic acid on growth and quality parameters of kharif maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Sarkar Shimpy , Jaswal Anita , Mukkamalla Hari Sudhan Reddy
Published: August 2023

A field experiment entitled “Sustainable agriculture: Influence of macro- and micro-nutrient levels, mixture and humic acid on growth and quality parameters of kharif maize (Zea mays L.)” was conducted at Agricultural farm, Lovely Professional University, Punjab during the kharif season of 2020-2021. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with ten treatments and three replications each. The treatments were as follows-T0:Control (Recommended dose of fertilizer; RDF), T1: RDF+ soil application of MM 10 kg/ha at 30 DAS, T2: RDF+ foliar application of MM 1% at 30 DAS, T3: RDF+ seed priming with MM 1% before sowing, T4: 75% RDF+ soil application of MM 10 kg/ha at 30 DAS, T5: 75% RDF+ foliar application of MM 1% at 30 DAS, T6: 75% RDF+ seed priming with MM 1% before sowing, T7: T4+ humic acid 1% at 30 DAS, T8: T5+ humic acid 1% at 30 DAS, T9: T6 + humic acid 1% at 30 DAS. Among the various treatments, T8 exhibited higher growth attributes after 30 DAS, including plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll index, CGR, RGR and NAR. Additionally, maize treated with T5+ humic acid 1% at 30 DAS showed improved quality in terms of protein contents in both grain and stover.
Geological CO2 affects microbial respiration rates in Stavešinci mofette soils
Authors: Maček Irena , Videmšek Urška , Kastelec Damijana , Stopar David , Vodnik Dominik
Published: August 2023

Substrate-induced respiration (SIR) was used to estimate microbial respiration and microbial biomass in soils from Stavešinci natural CO2 spring (mofette) exposed to different geological CO2 concentrations. SIR measurements clearly demonstrated higher microbial respiration and microbial biomass in control sites compared to high soil CO2 sites. Sampling in two different locations and in three different years also confirmed long-term stability of this pattern, which was found for both locations and in different sampling periods.
Modeling potential effects of brown bear kleptoparasitism on the predation rate of Eurasian lynx
Authors: Krofel Miha , Kos Ivan
Published: August 2023

Kleptoparasitism is a frequent phenomenon when consumption of prey by predator continues for a relatively long period. This is common when prey is larger or of a similar size as the predator. We built a simple model to study the potential effects of the kleptoparasitism by the brown bears (Ursus arctos)on the predation rate of the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the northern Dinaric Mountains, where the two species coexist. When using data from literature and preliminary studies in the study area, the model suggests substantial increase in the predation rate of the lynx due to the scavenging activity of bears. However, additional data from the field on the frequency, time course and seasonal variation of the bear’s visits to carcasses are needed, as well as an evaluation of the lynx’ possibilities to increase the predation rate. We suggest that the effects of kleptoparasitism should be considered when evaluating the impact of predation on populations of wild game and during conservation efforts for conservation of endangered carnivore species.
Genetic background of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Slovenia in relation to fluoroquinolone and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance
Authors: Starčič Erjavec Marjanca , Palandačić Anja , Žgur Bertok Darja , Ambrožič Avguštin Jerneja
Published: August 2023

A total of 99 E. coli urinary tract isolates were investigated for phylogenetic groups and 21 virulence related genes in relation to fluoroquinolone and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance. We found that the B2 group was by far the most prevalent among susceptible isolates, while resistant isolates were more evenly distributed among groups A, B2 and D. Isolates from the B2 group exhibited the highest prevalence of virulence factors. Virulence genes hlyA, iroN and kpsMTII were statistically associated with fluoroquinolone susceptible isolates and picU with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim susceptible isolates. Fluoroquinolone susceptibleisolates of the phylogenetic group A were significantly associated with genes papGII, kpsMTII and iss and the susceptible group B2 isolates with genes hra in iroN. Among isolates susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim the presence of the hra genewas statistically significantly associated with phylogenetic group B2, while among resistant isolates, papGII was associated with phylogenetic group D.
Why do aquatic carnivorous plants prefer growing in dystrophic waters?
Authors: Adamec Ludomír
Published: August 2023

The majority of aquatic carnivorous plants (ACPS; Aldrovanda, Utricularia) usually grow in shallow dystrophic waters. In these habitats, rootless ACPs usually grow together with rooted aquatic non-carnivorous plants (N-ACPs). Yet species diversity of rooted N-ACPs in dystrophic lakes is relatively poorer than that of abundant ACPs. If generally true, why do rootless ACPs prefer growing in shallow dystrophic waters and why is the occurrence of rooted N-ACPs in these waters limited? These questions are elucidated on the basis of different specific adaptive traits of both functional groups and a different treatment of external habitat factors on both plant groups.
Nest survival of Great Tit Parus major in spatial and temporal gradient
Authors: Bordjan Dejan , Tome Davorin
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study was to compare nest survival of Great Tit between different regions, altitudes and years to discern which has the highest influence. Temperature is known to be prominent for breeding parameters and it changes consistently with altitude. Our hypothesis was that altitude has greater influence on nest survival than the region and year. Breeding parameters were monitored with the use of nestboxes over a three year period at three altitude belts in two regions. The main factor influencing nesting success was modelled using daily survival rate in the program MARK. We gathered data from 104 first nesting attempts of which 26 failed. Although nest failure increased with altitude this was significant only for one region. There was significant difference in nest failure between the regions but not between the years. Modelling showed higher support in data for regions than for altitudes and years thus rejecting the hypothesis. Some possible reasons for such results are discussed.
Development of the concept of cell division through biology education
Authors: Strgar Jelka
Published: August 2023

School practice shows that a cell and the related cell division represent many problems for students as well as teachers. Students often hold misconceptions which form in everyday life under the influence of people with whom students live, as well as the media. Teachers are confronted with the problem of how to most effectively introduce this subject in class. They should enable students to understand basics of the cell and its implications as part of scientific literacy in the contemporary world. This survey used a test to assess the knowledge of students about cells. It included students on three levels of education; 13 year-olds, 15 year-olds, and 21 year-olds. The results showed that the knowledge of both younger groups was insufficient. The knowledge of the oldest group was substantially better, but still not satisfactory. It also showed that many students learn isolated facts and do not see the relationships between those facts. We believe that active methods of work in the classroom which are taken from everyday life could improve these results.
The effect of selenium on yield and primary terminal electron transport system activity in two cultivars of bean plants Phaseolus vulgaris
Authors: Germ Mateja , Kreft Ivan , Stibilj Vekoslava , Osvald Jože
Published: August 2023

The effect of soaking the seeds in solution of selenium (Se) and foliarly spraying with Se on Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Stanko and Topolovecwere studied. The flows of electrons in the photosynthetic apparatus and in the respiratory chain were measured in control plants and in plants developed from selenium treated seeds and in once and twice foliarly treated plants. Yield of control and treated plants was measured at the end of experiment. The respiratory potential of Phaseolus vulgaris, measured by electron transport system (ETS) activity in cv. Stanko, significantly increased in selenium treated plants. The potential and effective photochemical efficiency of photosystem II were similar comparing treated and untreated plants. The addition of selenium induced yield in twice Se foliarly treated plants in both cultivars growing in greenhouse.
Broadleaf and conifer tree responses to long-term enhanced UV-B radiation in outdoor experiments: a review
Authors: Trošt Sedej Tadeja
Published: August 2023

Trees as a perennial growth form require time to evolve the complex response to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), and this might lead to slow but important changes in forest ecosystem structure and function. Long-term outdoor experiments on trees however are few in number. The available published results suggest that broadleaf and conifer trees may show different response strategies to enhanced UV-Bradiation. The long-term outdoor experiments indicate species- and season-specific differential responses in tree secondary metabolism, photosynthesis, water relations, and growth and development.
The effect of different compounds of selenium and iodine on selected biochemical and physiological characteristics in common buckwheat and pumpkin sprouts
Authors: Germ Mateja , Kacjan Maršić Nina , Turk Janja , Pirc Marjetka , Golob Aleksandra , Jerše Ana , Koflič Ana , Šircelj Helena , Stibilj Vekoslava
Published: August 2023

There is little data about possible interactions between selenium and iodine on plants. Se is essential for I metabolism in the thyroid in mammals. Thus, it is of great importance to carry out the research with simultaneous application of both elements in plant cultivation that are used for human consumption. Seeds of common buckwheat and pumpkins were soaked in solutions: 10 mgSe/L in the form of selenite or selenate, and 1000 mgI/L in the form of iodide or iodate and their combinations. The content of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids were measured. Further, the measurements of fluorescence of chlorophyll a were performed. Controlbuckwheat sprouts and sprouts from seeds soaked in Se(VI) and Se(VI)+I(-1), had the lowest and similar amount of chlorophyll a and carotenoids. There was little effect of different treatments on potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PS II)in common buckwheat sprouts. In pumpkin sprouts neither of treatment affected the amount of photosynthetic pigments, as well as potential photochemical efficiency of (PS II) which was around 0.8.
The vascular flora of Kopački rit Nature Park (Croatia)
Authors: Rožac Vlatko , Prlić Dragan , Ozimec Siniša
Published: August 2023

Kopački rit Nature Park is a large fluvial-marshy floodplain, situated in the northeastern Croatia, between courses of the Danube and the Drava Rivers. Due to exceptional biological and ecological values of this floodplain area in the middle course of the Danube River, it had been protected since 1967; proclaimed as Nature Park in 1999 and from 2012 is a part of the UNESCO Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura-Drava-Danube. This paper lists a total of 522 vascular plant taxa, classified in 295 genera and 96 families, recorded for Kopački rit Nature Park. The list is completed according to checked literature records and data for 114 new taxa, found during the floristic investigation carried outfrom 2010 to 2018. Taxonomic, ecological and phytogeographical analyses are presented. Hemicryptophytes dominate (39.3%) in the biological spectrum, followed by therophytes (23.8%), geophytes (12.6%) and hydrophytes (12.5%). In the chorological spectrum, the most numerous are plants of Eurasian floral elenent (32.8%), followed by Cosmopolites (27.4%), and European floral element (10.7%). Out of 53 recorded allochthonous plants, 26 are invasive alien plant species. According to protection and conservation status at the national level, 55 taxa are listed in the RedBook of Vascular Plants of Croatia and 53 taxa are strictly protected. One species, Marsilea quadrifolia, is listen in Annex II of the Habitat Directive.
Effect of per oral administration of the ŽP strain, a new potential probiotic, on rats
Authors: L. Maslennikova Irina , G. Orlova Ekaterina , S. Gizatullina Julia , Starčič Erjavec Marjanca , P. Loginova Natalia , N. Troinich Yana , V. Kuznetsova Marina
Published: August 2023

Bacterial antimicrobial resistance is worldwide rising and is already reaching worrisome levels, hence WHO released the priority bacterial pathogen list for research and development of new antimicrobial agents. ŽP strain, a new Nissle 1917 based antimicrobial strain harbors a bacteriocin, colicin ColE7, bacterial conjugationbased “kill” – “anti-kill” antimicrobial system. In previous studies the efficiency of ColE7 bacterial conjugation-based antimicrobial system was shown against different Escherichia coli strains. In this study its effect after the per oral administration of the ŽP strain, on the host, namely on rats of both sexes was studied. The following parameters were analyzed weight, histology of intestine, spleen and Peyer’s patches, blood biochemistry, hematology and microbicide activity of leukocytes and peritoneal macrophages. Our results showed that when administered at a dose of 5 × 108 CFU in the drinking water the ŽP strain is safe and responsible for control and maintenance of an adequate local and non-specific immune response and can also improve the performance of animals in terms of weight gain. Hence our results indicate that it is a promising probiotic.
What happened to the genus Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in Central Asia
Authors: Sket Boris , Sidorov Dmitry , Hou Zhonge
Published: August 2023

We examined the phylogenetic relationships in the unusually structured fauna of the amphipod genus Gammarus in Central Asia, trying to explain its causes. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data were used in MP and ML and Bayesian analyses to generate a phylogenetic hypothesis. All of the recently collected Gammarus spp. specimens belong to the G. lacustris aggregate, except scarce marginal populations of G. balcanicus and G. komareki aggregates. Although molecularly closely related, these. G. lacustris agg. populations are morphologically and ecologically equally diverse as are the numerous European Gammarus spp. Only few populations are morphologically close to the morphotype of G. lacustris. There is a more than 2,000 km wide gap between the eastern and western populations-species of G. balcanicus agg. Since Gammarus lacustris can be spread by birds, and its Asian relatives are molecularly significantly diverse, we suppose that it invaded Central Asia several times and from several sources. It most probably differentiated to diverse morphotypes after reaching Asia. The area of the cryophilic and less nomadic G. balcanicus could have been reached and conquered only by waterways. Its area was probably continuous in the past and divided by aridification during the Neogene. The strong historical aridifications probably extirpated the probably higher Gammarus diversity in Central Asia, including G. balcanicus. This opened the area and its habitats for the reiterated invasions of the particularly euryoecious G. lacustris s.l., followed by its morphological and ecological diversification.
The quality of Slovenian chestnut honey and its specific properties relevant for medical application and functional nutrition
Authors: Božič Janko , Bertoncelj Jasna , Drobne Damjana , Glavan Gordana , Gunde Cimerman Nina , Leonardi Adrijana , Kopinč Rok , Jemec Kokalj Anita , Novak Sara , Korošec Mojca , Križaj Igor , Podrižnik Blaž , Turk Martina , Zabret Andrej
Published: August 2023

Chestnut honey is well-described in terms of sensory properties, pollen and chemical composition. Specific bitter taste is accompanied with other typical sensory properties derived from its chemical composition, especially in the nectar of sweet chestnut. Compounds from other sources of nectar and honeydew, especially linden, fir and spruce, with smaller amounts from meadow plants, create the specific sensory and chemical properties of Slovene chestnut honey. Based on the chemical composition of the honey, especially the content and proportions of different inorganic ions, it is possible to track the geographical origin of the pasture. Bees contribute significantly to recognized antimicrobial properties of honey by secretion of enzymes and antimicrobial peptides via the food processing glands. When the honey is used for medical purposes, we have to take precautions to avoid microbial and chemical contamination. For the planning of specific use of honey as a medical application we need to explore in detail specific pharmacological properties of single compounds from the chestnut honey and its contribution to the whole activity during wound treatment. In this paper we present a review of most distinct properties of chestnut honey important for its medical application.
Characteristics of spatial use and importance of landscape features for recovering populations of Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx)
Authors: Potočnik Hubert , Črtalič Jaka , Kos Ivan , Skrbinšek Tomaž
Published: August 2023

Following the extirpation from Central and Southeastern Europe by the end of the 19th  century, Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) was reintroduced in the Alps and Dinarics. The recovering population sizes fluctuated over the years; however, they remained relatively small and isolated since their distribution after the establishment has not significantly expanded by natural colonization. One of the most radical changes to the landscape of Europe over the past centuries has been the creation of vast urban and agricultural areas and subsequent extension of infrastructure, causing increasingly fragmented landscape, especially for weak dispersers like lynx. There is a pressing need to establish greater connectivity between the genetically isolated populations, particularly throughout the Alps and Dinarics, to achieve a viable metapopulation structure. In the paper, we review scientific knowledge on Eurasian lynx spatial requirements and behaviour, and critically evaluate the methods used. Apart from habitat suitability and connectivity studies, we also provide a review of lynx home range sizes and movement activity, including dispersion. We present habitat suitability model constructed to examine suitable habitat for recovering Dinaric - SE Alpine population and compare home range sizes of lynx from Dinarics in Slovenia with other lynx populations in Europe. Future considerations for lynx conservation should include the impact of climate change, protection of corridor areas, reducing impact of barriers and, if needed, “complement” dispersal via translocations to achieve viable pan-European lynx metapopulation in the future.
Polhova mast in protimikrobno učinkovanje
Authors: Drame Leon , Skok Sara , Mu Janez
Published: August 2023

Polhovo mast se še vedno v ljudskem zdravilstvu uporablja za lajšanje številnih zdravstvenih težav, vendar zaenkrat ne obstajajo sistematične raziskave o njeni vlogi kot protimikrobne učinkovine. V sveži pohovi masti, pridobljeni na tradicionalen način ter tudi v tisti, ki je že bila uporabljena, so bili prisotni mikroorganizmi. Polhova mast v poskusu in vitro ni izkazala inhibitornega učinka na rast indikatorskih bakterij Escherichia coli in Staphylococcus epidermidis. Protimikrobno učinkovitost, o kateri priča ljudsko zdravilstvo, in jo potrjuje njena stalna uporaba, gre najverjetneje pripisati njeni stimulaciji imunskega sistema gostitelja. Potrebne so nadaljnje raziskave, ki bodo potrdile uporabnost polhove masti oziroma njenih aktivnih sestavnih delov pri zdravljenju mikrobnih okužb z večkratno odpornimi sevi.
On some generalized Simpson type inequalities for (α,m)-coordinated
convex functions in context of q
1
q
2-calculus
Authors: Gulshan Ghazala , Ali Muhammad Aamir , Hussain Rashida , Sadiq Asad , Budak Hüseyin
Published: August 2023

In the current investigation, we offer the generalized version of

q
1

⁢

q
2

{q_{1}q_{2}}

-Simpson’s type inequalities via

(
α
,
m
)

{(\alpha,m)}

-coordinated convex functions. To validate their generalized behavior, we demonstrate the link between our outcomes and the already derived ones. Moreover, we provide some application to special means of positive real numbers to support our findings. The principal outcomes raised in this investigation are extensions and generalizations of the comparable results in the history on Simpson’s inequalities for coordinated convex functions.
Research progress of AMP-activated protein kinase and cardiac aging
Authors: Qiu Zhengqi , Li Yufei , Fu Yancheng , Yang Yanru
Published: August 2023

The process of aging is marked by a gradual deterioration in the physiological functions and functional reserves of various tissues and organs, leading to an increased susceptibility to diseases and even death. Aging manifests in a tissue- and organ-specific manner, and is characterized by varying rates and direct and indirect interactions among different tissues and organs. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, with older adults (aged >70 years) accounting for approximately two-thirds of CVD-related deaths. The prevalence of CVD increases exponentially with an individual’s age. Aging is a critical independent risk factor for the development of CVD. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation exerts cardioprotective effects in the heart and restores cellular metabolic functions by modulating gene expression and regulating protein levels through its interaction with multiple target proteins. Additionally, AMPK enhances mitochondrial function and cellular energy status by facilitating the utilization of energy substrates. This review focuses on the role of AMPK in the process of cardiac aging and maintaining normal metabolic levels and redox homeostasis in the heart, particularly in the presence of oxidative stress and the invasion of inflammatory factors.
Capillary surfaces: Stability, index and curvature estimates
Authors: Hong Han , Saturnino Artur B.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we investigate the connection between the index and the geometry and topology of capillary surfaces.
We prove an index estimate for compact capillary surfaces immersed in general 3-manifolds with boundary.
We also study noncompact capillary surfaces with finite index and show that, under suitable curvature assumptions, such surface is conformally equivalent to a compact Riemann surface with boundary, punctured at finitely many points.
We then prove that a weakly stable capillary surface immersed in a half-space of

R
3

\mathbb{R}^{3}

which is minimal or has a contact angle less than or equal to

π
/
2

\pi/2

must be a half-plane.
Using this uniqueness result, we obtain curvature estimates for strongly stable capillary surfaces immersed in a 3-manifold with bounded geometry.
Proof of the Michael–Simon–Sobolev inequality using optimal transport
Authors: Brendle Simon , Eichmair Michael
Published: August 2023

We give an alternative proof of the Michael–Simon–Sobolev inequality using techniques from optimal transport. The inequality is sharp for submanifolds of codimension 2.
Generalized inverse equations and SEP elements in a ring with involution
Authors: Guan Mengge , Wei Junchao
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the generalized inverses and the solution of the generalized inverse equation in a specific set are used to characterize the SEP element in a ring with involution.
Microscopic computed tomography aided finite element modelling as a methodology to estimate hygroexpansion coefficients of wood: a case study on opposite and compression wood in softwood branches
Authors: Florisson Sara , Hartwig Marie , Wohlert Malin , Gamstedt Erik Kristofer
Published: August 2023

Microscopic X-ray computed tomography (XµCT) aided finite element (FE) modelling is a popular method in material science to relate material properties to heterogeneous microstructures. Recently, a methodology was developed for the XµCT aided FE modelling of wood, which characterises the process from specimen preparation to estimation of material properties. In the current research, this methodology is tested on branches of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) to estimate the hygroexpansion coefficients of opposite (OW) and compression wood (CW). These properties are largely unknown and have engineering implications. The study is complemented by measurements of density, moisture content (MC) and elastic moduli. Results showed that the methodology assisted in the design of an integrated process and the identification of bottlenecks. It was seen that the level of detail of the numerical model had a strong influence on the obtained hygroexpansion properties. CW from branches showed higher density and longitudinal shrinkage coefficients, and elastic moduli less affected by MC. These differences are unlikely caused by MC, but more likely by the characteristics of the microstructure.
Information Scientists’ Motivations for Research Data Sharing and Reuse
Authors: Shutsko Aliaksandra , Stock Wolfgang G.
Published: August 2023

What are the motivations and sought gratifications leading information science researchers to share and to reuse research data? Research data are both datasets and supplementary materials such as interview guides or questionnaires. The theoretical backgrounds of this study are the Lasswell Formula of Communication, the Uses and Gratifications Theory, and the Self-determination Theory, which formed the basis for the construction of an interview guide and the interpretation of the interview transcripts. We performed 11 in-depth interviews with German information scientists, all with experiences with data. The results demonstrate that research data sharing is not a rare practice among information scientists. Due to problems with different information horizons of the sharing and the reusing researchers, the reusing of data sets is much rarer than the reuse of supplementary materials.
Structure and usage do not explain each other: an analysis of German word-initial clusters
Authors: Wiese Richard , Orzechowska Paula
Published: August 2023

The present study focuses on German word-initial consonant clusters and asks whether feature-based phonotactic preferences correlate with patterns of type and token frequencies in present-day usage. The corpus-based analyses are based on a comprehensive list of such clusters, representing current usage, and on a number of feature-based phonotactic preferences. Correlating the variables by means of a correlation analysis and a regression analysis leads to a number of observations relevant to the general topic of featural-segmental structures versus usage. First, out of eighteen correlations between (raw and logarithmic) type and token frequencies, and preferred feature patterns, only one significant correlation was found. Second, a regression analysis led to similar results: out of thirteen variables tested, only two contribute to logarithmic type and token frequencies. Only a limited set of cluster properties investigated in the present paper constitutes a relevant predictor of frequency measures. The study thus demonstrates, in accordance with other recent evidence, that preferred phonetic/phonological structures and their usage frequency constitute two separate domains for which distributions may not have to coincide.
Luteolin alleviates ulcerative colitis in rats via regulating immune response, oxidative stress, and metabolic profiling
Authors: Li Bolin , Guo Yuxi , Jia Xuemei , Cai Yanru , Zhang Yunfeng , Yang Qian
Published: August 2023

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease and associated with metabolic imbalance. Luteolin (LUT) reportedly exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. However, its regulatory effects on metabolites remain indistinct. Here, the effects of LUT on immune response and oxidative stress in UC were determined. Serum metabolomics profiles of UC rats treated with LUT were obtained utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results revealed that LUT treatment alleviated colon tissue injury, colon shortening, weight loss, and inflammatory response in UC rats. Additionally, the levels of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity were elevated, but malondialdehyde content was reduced in serum of UC rats, while these changes were abrogated by LUT. Metabolomics analysis unveiled that l-malic acid, creatinine, l-glutamine, and l-lactic acid levels were remarkably decreased, while dimethyl sulfone, 5-methylcytosine, cysteine-S-sulfate, and jasmonic acid levels were notably increased after LUT treatment. Furthermore, differential metabolites primarily participated in d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways. In summary, these results demonstrated that LUT improved immune response, alleviated oxidative stress, and altered metabolites in UC rats. This study lays the root for further exploring the mechanism of LUT in the treatment of UC.
Intensification of biocatalytic processes by using alternative reaction media
Authors: Delavault André , Ochsenreither Katrin , Syldatk Christoph
Published: August 2023

Performances of biocatalytic processes in industry are often limited by productivity, product concentration and biocatalyst stability. Reasons can be such as unfavourable reaction thermodynamics, low water solubility of the substrates or inhibition caused by high substrate or product concentrations. A way to overcome these limitations and to enhance economic competitiveness of the process can be process intensification (PI) using an alternative reaction medium. Very early in industrial biotransformation processes, it was shown that many interesting target products of organic synthesis are much more soluble and sometimes even more stable in non-conventional reaction media than in buffered aqueous solutions. Moreover, the absence of water is also generally desired to prevent side and degradation reactions as well as microbial contamination, which in turn eliminates the need to work under sterile conditions thereby reducing energy expenditure. In addition, it was also discovered early on that solvents can influence the activity and stability of enzymes quite differently depending on their water affinity and thus if they form rather monophasic or biphasic systems with the latter.
A variation of the class of statisticalγcovers
Authors: Bal Prasenjit , Rakshit Debjani
Published: August 2023

In this article, we introduce s-s-γ\gammacover using the notion of star operator, which is an extension of the previous results on s-γ\gammacovers. We also define s-s-dense set to address the issue that a statistical dense subset of an s-s-γ\gammacover is not an s-s-γ\gammacover. Furthermore, we study some results on s-γ\gammacovers in subspace topology.