bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribuições para o debate em torno dos aspectos consensuais em natureza da ciência a partir da teoria da atividade cultural-histórica
Authors: Garcia João Otavio , Camillo Juliano
Published: November 2021

A relevância da discussão sobre Natureza da Ciência na Educação em Ciências tem sido apontada nos últimos anos e diversas têm sido as abordagens que tomam a construção do conhecimento científico como objeto educacional. No presente artigo trazemos contribuições para o debate em torno daquela abordagem que ficou conhecida como a dos aspectos consensuais. Fazemos por meio da Teoria da Atividade Cultural-Histórica, apontando, que o caráter contraditório e contencioso é o que move a atividade humana, e, consequentemente, a produção do conhecimento científico. Nesse sentido, uma exagerada ênfase nos consensos, e não no contraditório, pouco contribuiria para promover, na Educação em Ciências, uma análise crítica da ciência e da sociedade na qual está inserida.
¿Cómo andamos? o ¡cómo! … ¿andamos?
Authors: De Derechos Humanos de la UCA Instituto
Published: November 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 593, 1998: 237-245.
Research Impact, Research Output, and the Role of International Collaboration
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Toney Autumn , Flagg Melissa
Published: November 2021

This data brief explores how international collaboration relates to the impact and output of research publications. Focusing on the top 10 countries with the highest publication output from 2010 to 2019, the authors provide a comprehensive analysis across the major fields of science and technology.
Estudio comparativo de la comprensión lectora de alumnos y alumnas del grado secundario en la Región del Kurdistán, Irak
Authors: Ramadhan Ahmed Hazhar , Arcelus-Ulibarrena Juana Maria , Saleh Mohammad Othman
Published: November 2021

Enseñar inglés a estudiantes del grado secundario se considera importante en la región autónoma de Kurdistán, Irak. Por este motivo, la presente investigación fue diseñada para evaluar la comprensión lectora de estudiantes del grado secundario de esta región. En un primer momento, se realizó una comparación de niños y niñas en el nivel secundario dándoles un texto para leer y sucesivamente realizando pruebas que se basaron en el mismo texto. El grupo elegido para la investigación fue de 25 niños y de 25 niñas, todos ellos estudiantes seleccionados sistemáticamente de varias escuelas o colegios privados y administrados por el Gobierno. Sus puntuaciones finales se obtuvieron a través de la prueba t y el Coeficiente de Correlación de Movimiento del Producto de Pearson (r). La investigación concluyó que no hubo una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre las puntuaciones de las pruebas de los grupos de estudiantes del grado de secundaria, pero hubo una diferencia estadística significativa en “su rendimiento”.
Los grafos y la edición digital Propuesta para enseñar Literatura en Secundaria y Bachillerato
Authors: Santa María Teresa
Published: November 2021

La Biblioteca Electrónica Textual del Teatro en Español, 1868-1936 (BETTE) es una colección de textos teatrales de la Edad de Plata española, codificada en XML-TEI por el grupo GHEDI/HDATEATROUNIR de la Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR), que corresponden a dramaturgos españoles, cuyas obras se escribieron o representaron entre 1868 y 1939. A partir de los datos que pueden extraerse de este corpus, que encontramos en Drama Corpora Project (DraCor), describiremos algunas actividades que se pueden realizar para familiariza a los estudiantes de Secundaria y Bachillerato con el teatro y las Humanidades Digitales. Los textos pueden verse en formatos y con datos muy diferentes. Daremos algunas claves de acceso a la edición digital, las redes sociales de personajes con grafos, la distribución de los parlamentos y otras informaciones que la digitalización en TEI permite extraer de los textos de una forma fácil e intuitiva. Con esta propuesta, se podrá comprobar de una manera sencilla y gráfica el enorme cambio que se produce en la escena española de inicios del Siglo XX, a la vez que se inicia a los estudiantes de Secundaria y Bachillerato en el manejo de herramientas que les pueden resultar motivadoras y gratificantes.
Herramientas TIC en la didáctica de arte y cultura visual
Authors: Tirado-de la Chica Ana
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo aborda el uso de las TIC en la didáctica de las artes y la cultura visual. El objetivo principal se dirige a conocer la evaluación metodológica de la didáctica que progresivamente se ha experimentado en la docencia por la introducción de las TIC. La metodología es cualitativa de tipo descriptivo-exploratoria. Se adopta así una perspectiva auto etnográfica de la investigación orientada a la innovación docente y al cambio educativo. La muestra de estudio comprende la asignatura de Arte Infantil y Cultura Visual del Grado en Educación Infantil, y de Las Artes Plásticas y la Cultura Audiovisual en Educación Primaria del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Jaén, para el periodo de 2016 hasta 2021. Los resultados muestran una relación de casos de actividades didácticas, según variables de contenidos y de recursos educativos digitales utilizadas. La discusión de los resultados y conclusiones se dirigen a las fortalezas y las debilidades de las metodologías docentes de esta experiencia, para una eficacia de la docencia en el uso de las TIC en materia de artes y cultura visual.
Análisis semántico y cuantitativo de La casa de Bernarda Alba en el aula con Voyant Tools. Una aproximación didáctica al análisis literario
Authors: Dabrowska Monika
Published: November 2021

El trabajo se propone innovar la enseñanza de la literatura en el aula de Secundaria y Bachillerato, ofreciendo una aproximación al texto literario desde el análisis semántico con las herramientas digitales, para ganar el interés de los alumnos acostumbrados a las aplicaciones tecnológicas y textos en formato digital. En concreto, se presenta un ejemplo de uso de Voyant Tools, una herramienta de uso abierto y fácil para realizar estudios cualitativos de textos en línea. En cuanto a la metodología, se muestran actividades que pueden realizar los docentes para analizar La casa de Bernarda Alba de Federico García Lorca. Tras una sesión inicial dedicada al autor y su obra, se familiarizará a los alumnos con la herramienta. Después, en grupos, tendrán que analizar nube de palabras, gráfica de frecuencia de los términos y el árbol de palabras, cantidad de palabras únicas, densidad de vocabulario, palabras más utilizadas y su contexto. Finalmente, cada grupo presentará la visualización de los resultados, sus conclusiones y reflexión final. La propuesta permite enfocar las actividades literarias de forma dinámica y atractiva, estimular la lectura, desarrollar las competencias digitales y dinámicas de colaboración. Además, puede ser una vía para iniciar a los estudiantes en las Humanidades Digitales.
A “explosão de auditoria” e o Tribunal de Contas da União
Authors: Abreu de Medeiros Bernardo
Published: November 2021

O protagonismo que o Tribunal de Contas da União alcançou na esfera pública nos anos recentes no Brasil vem despertando questionamentos sobre o seu dimensionamento, tido por alguns como excessivo ou até mesmo com efeitos paralisantes em relação à administração. Órgão de controle sui generis no cenário internacional pela amplitude de suas atribuições, seria o desenho institucional do TCU expressão apenas de um fortalecimento burocrático decorrente da Constituição de 1988 ou mais um exemplo do debatido fenômeno da “explosão de auditoria”? O presente artigo buscará responder a essa questão a partir da construção de indicadores tendo como base a literatura internacional e objetivando adaptá-los à realidade brasileira. Ao final, após uma análise conjunta dos achados, se discutirá como o diagnóstico do caso brasileiro converge com o internacional, ainda que com idiossincrasias e especificidades.
Changes in biomass burning, wetland extent, or agriculture drive atmospheric NH3 trends in select African regions
Authors: Hickman Jonathan E. , Andela Niels , Dammers Enrico , Clarisse Lieven , Coheur Pierre-François , Van Damme Martin , Di Vittorio Courtney A. , Ossohou Money , Galy-Lacaux​​​​​​​ Corinne , Tsigaridis​​​​​​​ Kostas , Bauer Susanne E.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) is a precursor to fine particulate matter and
a source of nitrogen (N) deposition that can adversely affect ecosystem
health. The main sources of NH3 – agriculture and biomass burning – are
undergoing are or expected to undergo substantial changes in Africa. Although
evidence of increasing NH3 over parts of Africa has been observed, the
mechanisms behind these trends are not well understood. Here we use
observations of atmospheric NH3 vertical column densities (VCDs) from
the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) along with other
satellite observations of the land surface and atmosphere to evaluate how
NH3 concentrations have changed over Africa from 2008 through 2018, and
what has caused those changes. In West Africa NH3 VCDs are observed to
increase during the late dry season, with increases of over 6 % yr−1
in Nigeria during February and March (p<0.01). These positive
trends are associated with increasing burned area and CO trends during these
months, likely related to agricultural preparation. Increases are also
observed in the Lake Victoria basin region, where they are associated with
expanding agricultural area. In contrast, NH3 VCDs declined over the
Sudd wetlands in South Sudan by over 1.5 % yr−1, though not
significantly (p=0.28). Annual maxima in NH3 VCDs in South Sudan
occur during February through May and are associated with the drying of
temporarily flooded wetland soils, which favor emissions of NH3. The
change in mean NH3 VCDs over the Sudd is strongly correlated with
variation in wetland extent in the Sudd: in years when more area remained
flooded during the dry season, NH3 VCDs were lower (r=0.64,
p<0.05). Relationships between biomass burning and NH3 may be
observed when evaluating national-scale statistics: countries with the
highest rates of increasing NH3 VCDs also had high rates of growth in
CO VCDs; burned area displayed a similar pattern, though not significantly.
Livestock numbers were also higher in countries with intermediate or high
rates of NH3 VCD growth. Fertilizer use in Africa is currently low but
growing; implementing practices that can limit NH3 losses from
fertilizer as agriculture is intensified may help mitigate impacts on health
and ecosystems.
Methodology to obtain highly resolved SO2 vertical profiles for representation of volcanic emissions in climate models
Authors: Sandvik Oscar S. , Friberg Johan , Sporre Moa K. , Martinsson Bengt G.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In this study we describe a methodology to create high-vertical-resolution SO2 profiles from volcanic emissions. We
demonstrate the method's performance for the volcanic clouds following the
eruption of Sarychev in June 2009. The resulting profiles are based on a
combination of satellite SO2 and aerosol retrievals together with
trajectory modelling. We use satellite-based measurements, namely lidar
backscattering profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization (CALIOP) satellite instrument, to create vertical profiles for
SO2 swaths from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua
satellite. Vertical profiles are created by transporting the air containing
volcanic aerosol seen in CALIOP observations using the
FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART) while preserving the high vertical resolution using the
potential temperatures from the MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Application) meteorological data for the original
CALIOP swaths. For the Sarychev eruption, air tracers from 75 CALIOP swaths
within 9 d after the eruption are transported forwards and backwards and
then combined at a point in time when AIRS swaths cover the complete
volcanic SO2 cloud. Our method creates vertical distributions for
column density observations of SO2 for individual AIRS swaths, using
height information from multiple CALIOP swaths. The resulting dataset gives
insight into the height distribution in the different sub-clouds of SO2
within the stratosphere. We have compiled a gridded high-vertical-resolution
SO2 inventory that can be used in Earth system models, with a vertical
resolution of 1 K in potential temperature, 61 ± 56 m, or 1.8 ± 2.9 mbar.
History of the Tromsø Ionosphere Heating facility
Authors: Rietveld Michael T. , Stubbe Peter
Published: November 2021

Abstract. We present the historical background to the construction of a major ionospheric heating facility near Tromsø, Norway in the 1970s by the Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy and the subsequent operational history to the present. It was built next to the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar facility and in a region with a multitude of diagnostic instruments used to study the auroral region. The facility was transferred to the EISCAT Scientific Association in January 1993 and continues to provide new discoveries in plasma physics and ionospheric and atmospheric science to this day. It is expected that ‘Heating’ will continue operating together with the new generation of incoherent scatter radar, called EISCAT_3D, when it is commissioned in the near future.
Tide characteristics and tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf
Authors: Hoseini S. Mahya , Soltanpour Mohsen
Published: November 2021

Abstract. A 2D hydrodynamic model is employed to study the characteristics of tidal wave propagation in the Persian Gulf (PG). The study indicates that tidal waves propagate from the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman into the PG through the Strait of Hormuz. The numerical model is first validated using the measured water levels and current speeds around the PG and the principal tidal constituents of Admiralty tide tables. Considering the intermediate width of the PG, in comparison to Rossby deformation radius, the tidal wave propagates like a Kelvin wave on the boundaries. Whereas the continental shelf oscillation resonance of the basin is close to the period of diurnal constituents, the results show that the tide is mixed mainly semidiurnal. A series of numerical tests is also developed to study the various effects of geometry and bathymetry of the PG, Coriolis force, and bed friction on tidal wave deformation. Numerical tests reveal that the Coriolis force, combined with the geometry of the gulf, results in generation of different amphidromic systems of diurnal and semidiurnal constituents. The configuration of the bathymetry of the PG, with a shallow zone at the closed end of the basin that extends along its longitudinal axis in the southern half (asymmetrical cross section), results in the deformations of incoming and returning tidal Kelvin waves and consequently the shifts of amphidromic points (APs). The bed friction also results in the movements of the APs from the centerline to the south border of the gulf.
Assessment of flood discharge sensitivity to climate indexes in West Africa
Authors: Hounkpè Jean , Badou Djigbo F. , Bossa Aymar Y. , Yira Yacouba , Adounkpè Julien , Alamou Eric A. , Lawin Emmanuel A. , Sintondji Luc O. C. , Afouda Abel A. , Amoussou Ernest
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Floods are natural disasters that widely affect people and goods.
Its frequency and magnitude are projected to substantially increase due to
the ongoing environmental change. At regional and national levels, some
efforts have been made in predicting floods at a short-term range. However,
the usefulness of flood prediction increases as the time lead increases. The
objective of this work is therefore to investigate flood sensitivity to
climate indexes in West Africa as a basis for seasonal flood forecasting.
The methodology consists of optimizing the relationship between Annual
Maximal Discharge (AMD), a proxy for flood discharge and various climate
indexes using correlation coefficient, linear regression and statistical
modeling based on 56 river gauging stations across West Africa. The climate
indexes considered are the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of the Tropical
Northern Atlantic (TNA), SST of the Tropical Southern Atlantic (TSA), the
Sea Level Pressure (SLP) of the Southern Oscillation Indexes (SOI) and the
detrended El-Nino Southern Oscillation indexes. It was found that SOI/SLP
indexes are the most strongly related to the AMD for the investigated
stations with generally high, positive, and statistically significant
correlation. The TSA/SST indexes indicated both positive and negative
statistically significant correlations with river discharge in the region.
The percentage change in AMD per unit change in SOI/SLP for most of the
statistically significant stations is within 10 % and 50 % indicating a
strong relationship between these two variables. This relationship could
serve as a basis for seasonal flood forecasting in the study area.
Stratégies d'adaptation des producteurs agricoles aux risques hydroclimatiques dans le bassin Béninois de la pendjari à l'exutoire de Porga
Authors: Ouassa Pierre , Atchadé Gervais Assaï Akanni , Kodja Domiho Japhet , Avahounlin Fernand Ringo , Vissin Expédit Wilfrid
Published: November 2021

Abstract. West Africa's dependence on the increased impacts of extreme
hydroclimatic hazards increases the vulnerability of food production to the
resulting risks. This study analyses the adaptation strategies developed by
agricultural producers in the Beninese Pendjari basin to cope with
hydroclimatic risks. The methodological approach adopted consisted in the
use of climatological data (height of daily and monthly rainfall) from the
Tanguiéta and Natitingou stations over the period from 1965 to 2017
obtained in Météo-Bénin . Hydrological data consisting of the
daily flows of the river calculation of the Pendjari indices at the Porga
outlet, over the period 1965–2017 are extracted from the database of
DG-Water and ltulization of socio-anthropological data. To better appreciate
the adaptation strategies developed, a semi-structured survey that involved
121 people in 21 villages of the Beninese Pendjari basin is conducted
according to the CAP approach (Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices). Direct
observations in the field have also made it possible to better identify
peasant adaptation strategies to the effects of hydroclimatic risks in the
Beninese Pendjari basin. The information collected during the surveys was
processed with Sphinx software. We studied socio-anthropological data, and
we showed that Pendjari watershed in Benin is under the threat of
hydroclimatic risks. To reduce their vulnerability, producers in the Benin
Pendjari basin are developing several risk prevention and disaster
management strategies. These include transplanting crops including sorghum
by 100 % of the producers met, the disposal of logs, the enhancement of
the shallows. In view of the effectiveness of the strategies identified and
the limitations they present, it is important that the authorities develop a
policy that is more sensitive to hydroclimatic risks, in order to improve
the adaptation capacity of agricultural producers.
Integrated water resources management approach in mitigating the potential impacts of climate change on hydrology in Gurara reservoir catchment, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Oseke Ifie-emi Francis , Anornu Geophery Kwame , Adjei Kwaku Amaning , Eduvie Martin Obada
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The strategies and actions in the management of African River
Basins in a warming climate environment have been studied. Using the Gurara
Reservoir Catchment in North-West Nigeria as a case study, summations were
proposed using hypothetical climate scenarios considering the Global Climate
Models prediction and linear trend of the data. Four (4) proposed scenarios
of temperature increase (1 % and 2 %) coupled with a decrease in
precipitation of (−5 % and −10 %) were combined and applied for the
study area. The Water Evaluation and Planning Tool was used to model and
evaluates the impact of the earth's rising temperature and declining
rainfall on the hydrology and availability of water by investigating its
resilience to climate change. Modelling results indicate a reduction in
available water within the study area from 4.3 % to 3.5 % compared to
the baseline with no climate change scenario, revealing the current water
management strategy as not sustainable, uncoordinated, and resulting in
overexploitation. The findings could assist in managing future water
resources in the catchment by accentuating the need to put in place
appropriate adaptation measures to foster resilience to climate change.
Practically, it is pertinent to shape more effective policies and
regulations within catchments for effective water resources management in
reducing water shortage as well as achieving downstream water needs and
power benefit in thefuture, while also allowing flexibility in the operation
of a reservoir with the ultimate goal of adapting to climate change.
Variabilité saisonnière et intra-saisonnière de la pluviométrie en milieu forestier dans le Sud-ouest centrafricain
Authors: Djebata Jean-Marie , Nguimalet Cyriaque R. , Camberlin Pierre
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Ce travail présente la variabilité
intra-saisonnière de la pluviométrie dans le Sud-ouest
centrafricain. Les données pluviométriques journalières
utilisées couvrent la période 1981–2017. Elles ont été
extraites aux points de grilles les plus proches des quatre stations
représentatives de la zone d'étude (Bangui, Berberati, Boukoko et
Nola) sur la base de données CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed
Precipitation with Station data). Un contrôle de qualité de ces
données a été effectué à partir d'une inter-comparaison
entre les produits d'estimations et les données in-situ sur
différentes sous-périodes : 1998–2011 à Nola, 1998–2012 à
Berberati, 1998–2014 à Bangui et 2002–2017 à Boukoko. Le coefficient
de corrélation entre les données CHIRPS et les observations au pas
annuel est faible à Bangui (r=0,46), moyen à Nola (r=0,57)
et Berberati (r=0,60), et bon à Boukoko (r=0,73). Les dates de
début de la saison de pluies varient entre le 13 février et le 2 avril et celles de fin entre le 31 octobre et le 4 décembre. Des
épisodes secs et humides sont mis en évidence dans le Sud-ouest
centrafricain. A Bangui et Berberati, la période du 15 au 22 mai 1999 a
été sèche soit 23 jours sans pluie. A Boukoko et Nola, la
période du 26 juin au 24 juillet de la même année était
caractérisée par des épisodes secs. Ces résultats
établissent que la répartition intra-saisonnière des pluies
n'est pas uniforme dans le Sud-ouest centrafricain.
Suivi hydrologique par altimétrie spatiale dans le bassin du Congo
Authors: Brachet Christophe , Andral Alice , Gulemvuga Guzanga Georges , Tondo Blaise Léandre , Malaterre Pierre-Olivier , Legrand Sébastien
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Le satellite SWOT sera lancé fin 2022 par le
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) français et la National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) américaine. L'altimétrie
spatiale permet de compléter les données hydrométriques in situ
à travers l'établissement de «stations virtuelles», au croisement
de la trace au sol du satellite avec un cours d'eau. SWOT améliorera
encore la couverture des zones observées ainsi que la précision
grâce à une technologie innovante. Un projet d'appui à la
Commission Internationale du bassin Congo-Oubangui-Sangha (CICOS)
développé depuis 2016 sur financement de l'Agence Française de
Développement (AFD) et facilité par l'Office International de l'Eau
(OiEau) permet de promouvoir l'hydrologie spatiale à travers un groupe
d'institutions françaises, en appui à la CICOS. Diverses
activités ont été développées dont la fourniture d'une
base de données spatiales par l'Institut de Recherche pour le
Développement (IRD), ainsi que la comparaison avec des données in
situ. Une méthodologie innovante a été proposée par
l'Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et
l'environnement (INRAE) pour passer des altitudes aux débits aux
stations virtuelles. Des applications spécifiques ont par ailleurs
été développées par la Compagnie Nationale du Rhône
(CNR) pour l'hydroélectricité et la navigation fluviale.
Estimation par approche inverse d'un champ de transmissivité sur l'ensemble de l'aquifère du Continental Terminal (CT) d'Abidjan
Authors: Kouassi Kouamé Auguste , Kouassi William Francis , Mangoua Oi Mangoua Jules , Ackerer Philippe , Douagui Gountôh Aristide , Savané Issiaka
Published: November 2021

Abstract. La caractérisation hydraulique des systèmes
aquifères est importante pour le développement de scénarios
d'exploitation et de stratégies de gestion des eaux souterraines. En
particulier dans les aquifères lithologiquement hétérogènes,
il ne faut pas négliger les variations de transmissivité (T) à
l'échelle locale. Les valeurs de transmissivité à l'échelle
locale sont habituellement dérivées d'essais de pompage, mais dans
la plupart des cas, leur nombre et leur disponibilité sont plutôt
limités. De même, la mesure directe de la transmissivité sur
l'ensemble d'un aquifère s'avère onéreux et quasi-impossible
techniquement. Dans de telles situations, la modélisation hydrodynamique
par approche inverse se présente comme la solution appropriée. Dans
cet article, le champ de transmissivité réel de l'aquifère du
Continental Terminal (CT) d'Abidjan est recherché par une
paramétrisation multi-échelle qui permet de contourner le
problème de changement d'échelle et de déterminer ce
paramètre hydrodynamique sur l'ensemble de la nappe. Cette
modélisation hydrogéologique a été réalisée à
partir des modèles conceptuels Est-Ouest et Nord-Sud qui montrent que le
CT est un aquifère constitué de deux couches principales n3 et n4,
respectivement formées de sables grossiers de 90 m d'épaisseur et de
sables fins à moyen de 80 m d'épaisseur. Le calage du modèle
bicouche s'est effectué en régime transitoire de 12 pas de temps
mensuels avec des données piézomètriques de 24
piézomètres, des données de production de 71 forages et des
valeurs de transmissivité connues de 40 forages dans un maillage
élément fini constitué de 534 mailles et 320 noeuds. Ainsi, ce
modèle de la nappe du CT a identifié une structure de dimension 153
nœuds comme la structure la plus proche de celle de l'aquifère du CT.
Les valeurs de T variant entre 5,4.10−5 et 1 m2 s−1 du champ
de transmissivité associé à cette dimension optimale, ont
été comparées aux valeurs de T d'autres champs de
transmissivités publiées dans des études en Afrique et dans le
monde. Ces valeurs identifiées sont plausibles et présentes une
bonne structure dans l'ensemble.
Seasonal effects in the long-term correction of short-term wind measurements using reanalysis data
Authors: Basse Alexander , Callies Doron , Grötzner Anselm , Pauscher Lukas
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Measure–correlate–predict (MCP) approaches are often used to correct wind measurements to the long-term wind conditions on-site. This paper investigates systematic errors in MCP-based long-term corrections which occur if the measurement on-site covers only a few months (seasonal biases). In this context, two common linear MCP methods are tested and compared with regard to accuracy in mean, variance, and turbine energy production – namely, variance ratio (VR) and linear regression with residuals (LR). Wind measurement data from 18 sites with different terrain complexity in Germany are used (measurement heights between 100 and 140 m). Six different reanalysis data sets serve as the reference (long-term) wind data in the MCP calculations. All these reanalysis data sets showed an overpronounced annual course of wind speed (i.e., wind speeds too high in winter and too low in summer). However, despite the mathematical similarity of the two MCP methods, these errors in the data resulted in very different seasonal biases when either the VR or LR methods were used for the MCP calculations. In general, the VR method produced overestimations of the mean wind speed when measuring in summer and underestimations in the case of winter measurements. The LR method, in contrast, predominantly led to opposite results. An analysis of the bias in variance did not show such a clear seasonal variation. Overall, the variance error plays only a minor role for the accuracy in energy compared to the error in mean wind speed. Besides the experimental analysis, a theoretical framework is presented which explains these phenomena. This framework enables us to trace the seasonal biases to the mechanics of the methods and the properties of the reanalysis data sets. In summary, three aspects are identified as the main influential factors for the seasonal biases in mean wind speed: (1) the (dis-)similarity of the real wind conditions on-site in correlation and correction period (representativeness of the measurement period), (2) the capability of the reference data to reproduce the seasonal course of wind speed, and (3) the regression parameter β1 (slope) of the linear MCP method. This theoretical framework can also be considered valid for different measurement durations, other reference data sets, and other regions of the world.
Identification of Potential for Increasing the Business Scale of BUMG Pulo Makmue with the AHP Method
Authors: Zakaria Muhammad , Muhammad Jalil Saifuddin , Trisna Trisna , Zuraida Zuraida
Published: November 2021

The village is the lowest regional unit in the state administrative apparatus in Indonesia Indonesia, where the village is currently entering a new era after the birth of the Village Law. Village are expected to become socially, culturally, economically, and politically independent. Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) as business and economic institutions is expected to welcome the village community to be more independent, especially in economy. Currently BMUG Pulo Makmue is still facing various obstacles in carrying out its operations, especially in determining business strategies to increase business scale based on priority scales. This study aims to determine the policy priorities that can be taken as a business strategy to increase the Business Scale of BMUG Ulee Makmue. With the increase in business scale, BMUG Pulo Makmue will become an independent and advanced BMUG so that it can meet the expectations of the people of Ulee Pulo Village in terms of improving their welfare. The research was conducted by conducting surveys and collecting data directly in the field while still applying the Covid 19 process. The research method used was the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis to determine the potential for developing study BUMDes in Ulee Pulo Village. The expected result in this study is the potential of Gampong that can be developed by considering the available resources based on a priority scale.
Políticas públicas educacionais às pessoas com deficiência a partir do novo século.
Authors: Resende Camila de Oliveira , Balbino da Costa Vanderlei
Published: November 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as principais políticas públicas educacionais para a educação especial a partir dos anos 2000, sob a ótica do pensamento educacional (neo)liberal vigente à época. Apoiamo-nos em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com base na análise qualitativa dos dados e aproximações ao materialismo histórico-dialético proposto por Marx (1978). A partir do referencial teórico elaborado por Garcia (2016), Libâneo (2012), Saviani (2015), Costa (2018) e Freire (1987; 1996), o problema suleador da pesquisa foi: Em que medida, nas primeiras décadas de 2000, as políticas públicas educacionais brasileiras vêm conseguindo promover a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência? Consideramos a necessidade de aprofundamento do debate em torno do pensamento educacional que verificamos estar presente na Lei Brasileira de Inclusão, de modo a proporcionar às pessoas com deficiência uma real educação pública, gratuita e de qualidade.
A monumentalização do discurso na arqueologia do saber, de Michel Foucault
Authors: Dias Ana Carolina Neves , El-Jaick Ana Paula
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar, sob a perspectiva da Historiografia da Linguística, algumas ideias na Arqueologia do Saber, em que Michel Foucault consubstancia o método arqueológico. Após caracterizar-se o clima de opinião em que o livro é publicado, destacase a transformação do documento em monumento como fundamental à análise discursiva foucaultiana. Além disso, descreve-se como as noções singulares de discurso e de enunciado apresentadas por Foucault ratificam tal análise como intrínseca ao discurso. Finalmente, propõe-se a integração da ideia foucaultiana de monumento aos estudos discursivos.
ALMAN ÖĞRETİSİNDE İLERİ SÜRÜLEN GÖRÜŞLER IŞIĞINDA TÜRK HUKUKUNDA YAĞMA SUÇUNUN İHMALÎ HAREKETLERLE İŞLENİP İŞLENEMEYECEĞİ MESELESİ
Authors: KOÇ Ziya
Published: November 2021

Yağma suçu, TCK’nın 148. maddesinde düzenlenmiştir. Yağma, doktrinde kabul edildiği üzere, icrai hareketle işlenebilen bir suç tipidir. Suçun kanuni tanımında yer alan tehdit etmek veya cebir kullanmak şeklindeki zorlama hareketleri aktif bir hareketin varlığını gerektirmektedir. Alman hukukunda yağmanın ihmali hareketle işlenmesi kimi yazarlara göre mümkündür. Hukukumuz bakımından, doktrinde ve uygulamada buna verilen cevap olumsuzdur.

İhmali suçlar, gerçek ve gerçek olmayan ihmali suçlar şeklinde ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Gerçek olmayan ihmali suçlar, esasen, icrai hareketle işlenebilen suçlardır. Bir suçun, ihmali hareketle işlenebilmesi için kanunda buna ilişkin özel bir düzenlemenin bulunması gerekir. Alman hukukundan farklı olarak, hukukumuzda bu yönde bir genel hükme yer verilmemiştir. Dolayısıyla, kanunilik ilkesi gereğince, gerçek olmayan ihmali suç sebebiyle cezalandırma için bunu düzenleyen bir özel norm bulunmalıdır. Keza yağma, bir sırf hareket suçu olması nedeniyle, ancak icrai hareketle işlenebilir. Fakat bu suça, genel hükümler uyarınca ihmali hareketle katılmak mümkündür.
Векторы сбережения человеческого капитала в системе современных правовых преобразований
Authors: Бутько Людмила Васильевна , Лепешкина Ольга Владимировна
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены проблемы правового регулирования одного из ключевых векторов сбережения человеческого капитала – сферы мировоззрения, идеологии, нравственности через призму соотношения сознания, правосознания и права. Автором проведен анализ правовых, исторических, философских и иных источников в контексте конституционных изменений 2020 года с целью обоснования приоритетности исследуемой сферы как идеологического вектора сбережения человеческого капитала с использованием комплекса общенаучных, междисциплинарных и частно-научных методов. В процессе анализа рассмотрена последовательность суждений об актуализации вопросов сбережения человеческого капитала в современном мире, дано обоснование приоритетности сферы правового регулирования для успешного сбережения человеческого капитала, определена роль сознания и правосознания в формировании идеологических основ жизни человеческого сообщества. В результате исследования сделаны выводы о противоречиях правосознания и права, предложены варианты их разрешения; представлены роль и значение многоаспектности правосознания в механизмах сбережения человеческого капитала; с философских позиций обоснована целесообразность дефинитивного и методологического обновления концептуальных положений учения о правовом регулировании общественных отношений в сфере сбережения человеческого капитала.
heterogeneidad de la mirada. Un acercamiento a la imagen fotográfica compleja como dispositivo visual anticolonial
Authors: Galindo Aguilar Isabel
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es explicar la heterogeneidad de la mirada y los alcances simbólicos y materiales de la representación, para lo cual se analizan “textos” fotográficos que fueron captados, intervenidos y documentados desde una “mirada anticolonial”. Dicha reflexión se realiza a partir de un ejercicio de contraste multilocal-multisituado entre la mirada de tres fotógrafos: Graciela Iturbide de México, Sebastião Salgado de Brasil y Martín Chambi de Perú, quienes tienen diferentes condiciones de raza-clase-género. Además, se explica cómo la mirada colonial del cientificismo racial fue subvertida en el proyecto de intervención fotográfica dirigido por Sebastián Hacher: “Inakayal vuelve: bordar el genocidio Mapuche” (en 2018). Finalmente, se revelan los alcances materiales de la narrativa racista que criminaliza la protesta para justificar el poder disciplinario, tomando como referente la cobertura fotográfica del Paro Nacional de Ecuador de octubre

del 2019 realizada por El Colectivo Fluxus y Gualinga.
Educational Leadership in Greece during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Geropoulos Panagiotis , Tsioumis Kostis
Published: November 2021

The subject of this paper is a discussion on the treatment of the Covid-19 pandemic in the educational system of Greece. More specifically, it focuses on the policies and practices implemented by the principals of secondary education schools regarding the health crisis management in the school environment. The paper studies the actions concerning the administration of online teaching during the March-May 2020 period, as well as the reopening of schools in September after the first phase of the pandemic. Despite the difficulties, problems and various obstacles that the leaders met, it is expressed that certain positive elements can arise from the “experience” of the health crisis in education. At the same time, reference will be made to the policies and mandates of the Ministry of Education. So, the approach of the “leaders’ practices” on a central and local level includes: 1) the organization and coordination of e-learning and 2) the challenges faced by secondary education principals during the conventional teaching period.
Av, om och för barn: Källor till den barndomshistoriska forskningen
Authors: Sundkvist Maria
Published: November 2021

I den här artikeln har jag försökt att problematisera och exemplifiera möjliga källor till barndomshistoriskt forskning. Källorna har kategoriserats utifrån om de har varit skrivna av, om eller för barn. Som exemplen visar går det att skriva barndomshistoria utifrån alla tre källtyperna. Jag önskar att fler historiker visar intresse för barndomshistorisk forskning. Ålder är en minst lika viktig kategori för att förstå mänskligt handlande och mänskiga relationer som genus, social klass och etnisk tillhörighet.
Utbildad eller utnyttjad? Fosterbarns arbete i svenska fosterhem 1860–1940
Authors: Sköld Johanna
Published: November 2021

Arbete skulle fostra svenska fosterbarn kring sekelskiftet 1900. Den här artikeln diskuterar om denna ”fostran” gav barnen utbildning för framtiden eller om deras arbetskraft exploaterades i fosterhemmen. Många fosterbarn från städer placerades på landsbygden. I artikeln argumenteras för att förflyttningen från en urban till en rural kontext är central om man vill förstå vilka konsekvenser arbetet i fosterhemmen hade för barnen i termer av utbildning och exploatering. Som utgångspunkt för diskussionen tjänar två utackorderingsinstitutioner i Stockholm som placerade stadsbarn i fosterhem på landsbygden 1860–1940.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Menulis Teks Resensi dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) di Kelas XI MIPA 1 SMAN 2 Bolo Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Agustina Agustina
Published: November 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan dan dampak model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) pada prestasi belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi menulis teks resensi di kelas XI MIPA di  SMAN 2 Bolo Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian melibatkan 32 siswa, yang terdiri dari 15 orang laki-laki dan 17 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian pra-siklus yang telah dilakukan peneliti, prestasi belajar siswa rendah, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya rata-rata nilai formatif tes siswa yakni rata-rata  70.00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 72.00%. Dengan kriteria keberhasilan yang ditentukan yakni rata-rata ≥73.00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal ≥85.00%, maka penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Prestasi belajar siswa siklus I rata-rata 72.70 nilai rata-rata ini mengalami peningkatan sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+2.70) dengan persentase ketuntasan 77.00%, nilai persentase ini mengalami peningkatan dibanding sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+5.00). Prestasi belajar siswa siklus II rata-rata 76.76  dimana nilai rata-rata ini mengalami peningkatan sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+4.06) dengan persentase ketuntasan 88.80%, dan nilai persentase ini mengalami peningkatan dibanding sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+11.80). Peningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa, disebabkan oleh peningkatan aktivitas, interaksi guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) yang dilaksanakan sejalan dengan nilai kinerja guru. Dengan demikian, kriteria keberhasilan telah dicapai dengan sukses pada siklus II.
Immunohistochemical Expression of Alpha (Α) A Crystallin in Senile Degenerative and Non-Cataract Lenses
Authors: Khan Shabnam , Khan Bushra Wasim , Sadiq Madeeha , Rizvi Fawad , Baig Faraz Ahmed , Siddiqui Rehan Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Aim: Comparative immunohistochemical study of expression of α A Crystallin in non-cataract lenses and age-related cataract lenses in humans. Methodology: This was an observational cross sectional study. There are two groups in this study. Group A comprised of 121 senile degenerative cataract lenses from diagnosed patients. Group B included of 10 non-cataract lenses from patients who underwent surgeries for enucleation due to trauma and retinoblastoma. Lenses were fixed in 10% Buffered Neutral Formalin and processed to make paraffin blocks. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed on sections using primary antibody for α A crystallin. Data was analyzed through SPSS software version 24. Results: Immunohistochemical staining of group A showed 80.2% Strong Positive expression while 19.8% showed Intermediate Positive expression of α A Crystallin. 100% Strong Positive expression of α A Crystallin was seen in group B. Comparison of expression of α A Crystallin in two groups showed significant decrease (p<0.001) in expression. Conclusion: Decreased expression of α A Crystallin in IHC stained senile cataract lens indicates the role of structural alterations of lens fibers in pathogenesis of senile cataract. If mechanism involved in causing these alterations can be identified and targeted so that progression of senile cataract may be delayed. Keywords: Immunohistochemistry, α A crystallin expression, senile cataract, Human eye Lens, Lens Fiber.
Antibiotics Prescription Patterns among Dentists in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Lodhi Saood Khan , Ehsan Saroosh , Sajid Malik Ali Hassan , Rafique Adeela , Khan Mehak Fatima
Published: November 2021

Background: Odontogenic infections are one of the main causes of patients visit to a dental office. Antibiotics are magical drugs that have revolutionized the 20th Century in their ability to treat infectious diseases, increasing the life expectancy of individuals. Antibiotics prescription is a common practice among dental professionals and according to an estimate by Centre for Disease Control (CDC) and American Dental Association (ADA), over prescription of antibiotics is seen in 30-50% of the cases. Aim: To assess and compare (no comparison) the antibiotic prescription pattern among general dentists and specialty dentists in Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted amongst dentists working in the teaching institutions and in the private clinics of Lahore. A pre-piloted questionnaire survey adopted from Jagan et al with slight modifications was used. In this descriptive study 300 practicing dentists were selected using consecutive sampling with a 5% level of significance and margin of error Results: Total 300 filled questionnaires were collected. Almost 84% of the dentists were less than 30 years old while 13% were between 31-40 years old. Of the participants 65.3% were females and 34.7 percent were males. Dental infections associated with gross swelling or associated with closure of the eye were the most common reasons for prescription of antibiotics. Almost 62% of the dentists would give antibiotic if any delay in treatment is anticipated. Almost 50% of the dentists would prescribe antibiotics for periapical abscess and cellulitis. Conclusion: There is a trend towards over prescription of antibiotics by dentists without following the standard guidelines. Emphasis on the correct prescription strategies of antibiotics at the undergraduate level and more awareness should be created as continuing dental education programs for practicing dentists. Keywords: Antibiotics, Dentists, Prescription Pattern.
Assessing relationship between lip prints, finger prints and different blood groups within the population of Karachi
Authors: Alam Beenish Fatima , Anwar Madiha , Syed Kawish , Ahsan Tabassum , Bajwa Sikandar Javed , Hussain Talib , Ali Saqib
Published: November 2021

Aim: To determine the correlation between lip print, fingerprint form and blood groups that can be used for the identification of an individual among gender. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 719 female and male participants with ages between 17-34 years from Bahria University Medical and Dental College. Patterns for lip and finger prints were collected along with the blood groups. SPSS v23 was used for statistical analysis. Frequency and percentages of the qualitative variables was calculated. The association of the variables was analyzed using Chi-square. Results: A total of 719 subjects, there were 327 males (45.5%) and 392 females (54.5%). Type I lip pattern was prevalent in 31.8% males followed by Type I’ in 27.6% females. The loop type of the finger print was observed in 165(50.5%) of males and 162(41.3%) females. The most common type of blood group was A+ in 27.2% in males while in females it was O+ in 29.8%. Conclusion: Individual parameters such as lip and finger prints along with blood groups can play an important role in personal identification of individual. In our study A+ blood group along with arch pattern of finger prints and Type I lip were most common patterns in males while in females Type I’lip pattern along with blood group 0+ and Loop pattern were common Keywords: Lip prints, Finger Prints, Cheiloscopy, Blood Groups, Forensic