bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ce que les archives nous apportent. Neuf projets non réalisés de Jacques Dupuis (Quaregnon, 1914 – Mons, 1984)
Authors: Cohen Maurizio
Published: December 2018

L’article introduit une série des projets issus du fonds d’archives de Jacques Dupuis, une figure importante de l’architecture moderne belge. Constitué par Maurizio Cohen et Jan Thomaes, ce fonds et les documents qu’il rassemble est en dépôt aux archives de l’ULB. Cette sélection de neuf projets non-réalisés illustre la vitalité créative, la capacité à manier la géométrie et l’invention spatiale mais également l’esprit avant-gardiste de Dupuis. Il s’agit aussi d’un parcours de typologies et d’échelles différentes. Le fait de montrer des projets inaboutis met en évidence la part de recherche qui dans le métier d’architecte s’effectue dans l’élaboration d’avant projets. Ce questionnement aide à focaliser la nature de la pratique architecturale, ainsi que la nécessité de conjuguer exigences pratiques et programmatiques avec l’art de composer des espaces et de leur conférer une qualité. Si la notion de qualité est parfois difficile à cerner, dans le cas de Dupuis la richesse des plans nous emporte dans sa vision, dans sa volonté d’offrir aux utilisateurs un monde généreux en fantaisie, libéré des conventions et des banalités.
Un « modèle national » de ville intelligente ? Le rôle de l’État dans la mise en œuvre de réseaux électriques intelligents au Japon
Authors: Leprêtre Nicolas
Published: December 2018

En retraçant le processus par lequel l’État japonais a élaboré puis mis en œuvre un « modèle national » de ville intelligente appelé smart community , cet article vise à comprendre les stratégies et les représentations qui ont amené à introduire des technologies dites intelligentes. Nous formulons l’hypothèse que l’établissement de smart communities traduit une approche consensuelle qui confère une flexibilité dans la conduite des projets. Ainsi, l’État japonais s’est positionné en faveur des réseaux électriques intelligents pour maintenir la compétitivité internationale de firmes stratégiques pour son économie. L’établissement d’un « modèle national » regroupant réseaux électriques intelligents et électromobilité sous une forme de gestion décentralisée des flux résulte dès lors d’une volonté de cibler les technologies clefs en vue d’un déploiement international. Pour autant, dans la pratique, le rôle assigné à une même technologie dépend des rapports de force locaux qui s’organisent selon les nouveaux enjeux liés au contexte suivant l’accident de Fukushima : la libéralisation du marché de l’électricité et une volonté d’autonomie dans la production. Le recours à un « modèle national » de smart community révèle ainsi moins une reconfiguration potentielle du macro-système technique que la volonté d’une adaptabilité pour mener des politiques énergétiques. Nous invitons en conclusion à réfléchir sur l’utilisation du » modèle » pour encourager l’innovation et la recherche d’exemplarité.
La fragilité d’un royaume dans une transition dynastique à haut risque
Authors: Rigoulet-Roze David
Published: December 2018

Le jeune prince héritier Mohammed ben Salman, alias MBS, trentenaire impatient, hyperactif, énergique ou impatient, voire impulsif, selon les avis, est parvenu à concentrer très rapidement un nombre important de pouvoirs politiques et économiques. Il se passe quelque chose de majeur au « royaume de l’Or noir », engagé dans une transition à haut risque avec le lancement de l’ambitieux plan Vision 2030 destiné à sortir de la dépendance pétrolière.
Les défis économiques de l’Iran
Authors: Bazoobandi Sarah
Published: December 2018

Avant même la reprise des sanctions américaines, la République islamique se trouvait déjà confrontée à une situation économique explosive. Outre un besoin urgent de réformes et de transparence dans le secteur bancaire et le marché des changes, elle fait face à une crise des retraites sans précédent, à une hausse du niveau de pauvreté liée à la baisse des subventions publiques, à une corruption massive et à des investissements improductifs.
Des revendications nationalistes à une « pluralité libre agissant »
Authors: Kian Azadeh
Published: December 2018

Des manifestations de colère ont secoué l’Iran depuis décembre 2017 sur fond de nationalisme exacerbé par le coût du soutien au régime syrien, au Hezbollah, au Hamas et au Jihad islamique palestiniens, alors que les Iraniens souffrent de chômage massif et de pauvreté. Face aux réformes sociales et religieuses en Arabie séoudite – surtout envers les femmes – le sentiment de régression de l’Iran pourrait enclencher l’autonomisation d’un grand nombre d’Iranien(ne)s.
Can Supranational Infrastructure Regulation Compensate for National Institutional Weaknesses?
Authors: Auriol Emmanuelle , Estache Antonio , Wren-Lewis Liam
Published: December 2018

Cet article étudie l’impact des caractéristiques institutionnelles de la régulation nationale et internationale sur l’efficacité des deux types de régulation. Il s’intéresse à quatre dimensions de faiblesse institutionnelle : la capacité pratique de réguler, la capacité à rendre des comptes, la capacité d’engagement et la capacité fiscale. En identifiant les coûts et les bénéfices générés par une régulation supranationale, l’analyse montre que cette dernière peut soit réduire, soit amplifier, les problèmes posés par la faiblesse des institutions nationales. Elle montre aussi que l’intégration régionale du marché des infrastructures, quand elle est source d’efficacité, est peu susceptible de se matérialiser si la régulation nationale n’est pas capable de compenser les perdants des réformes du fait de ses faiblesses institutionnelles. JEL Codes: H54, K23, L9.
Natal Dispersal Distance of Golden Eagles in the Southwestern United States
Authors: Murphy Robert K. , Stahlecker Dale W. , Millsap Brian A. , Jacobson Kenneth V. , Johnson Aran , Smith Chad S. , Tator Kyle J. , Kruse Kammie L.
Published: December 2018

Data on natal dispersal distances (NDDs) of golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos in North America are needed to define local area populations and inform decisions authorizing take (i.e., injury, death, or disturbance) of the species via federal permit. Sixteen golden eagles (6 males, 10 females) tagged with satellite transmitters as ∼8-wk-old nestlings in the southwestern United States during 2010–2013 dispersed a mean of 55.3 km (SD = 29.7, median = 64.5), either 1) between their natal nest sites and nests where they first bred (n = 3 females, all subadults, i.e., in their fourth year of life), or 2) between natal sites and where they permanently settled as adults at least in their fifth year of life, but did not necessarily breed (i.e., exhibiting only gross natal dispersal). On average, females dispersed about 50% farther than males; mean NDD of males and females was 41.2 km (90% credible interval = 11.1–75.2) and 63.8 km (44.8–82.6), respectively. Median NDD of males and females was 41.5 and 65.8 km, respectively; in a Bayesian framework, the estimated difference in posterior median distributions of male and female NDDs was 22.2 km (−15.7 to 57.3; P ≠ 0 = 0.89), tentatively indicating that NDD of golden eagles in our study area may be female biased. Although our findings are based on a relatively small data set including both effective and gross natal dispersal records, they represent the first comparison of NDD between sexes of golden eagle in North America and the first published records on the continent of the species' NDD based on telemetry methods. More work is needed to validate whether golden eagle NDD in at least some regions of North America is female biased, which could have important implications for authorizing take of the species.
Per forza di levare : matière et création dans la sculpture de Michel-Ange
Authors: Tochon-Danguy Baptiste
Published: December 2018

Le présent article propose une interprétation philosophique d’un geste artistique, la scultura per forza di levare de Michel-Ange, en le replaçant dans son contexte philosophique et artistique. En procédant par soustraction et non par ajout, la sculpture de Michel-Ange congédie l’idée selon laquelle la création artistique serait nécessairement un travail de mise-en-forme d’une matière informe. Elle invite à penser une matière vivante, suggestive de formes et semble par là achever certaines intuitions du néoplatonisme florentin. Mais la sculpture de Michel-Ange conduit également à réfléchir sur la temporalité propre au travail du sculpteur, sur la résistance d’une matière dure à laquelle l’artiste doit se confronter.
Le rôle des mosquées dans l’accueil des réfugiés syriens à São Paulo : entre confessionnalisation des solidarités et intégration à la société brésilienne
Authors: Baeza Cecilia
Published: December 2018

Le Brésil est, en dehors du Moyen-Orient, le pays du Sud global qui a accueilli le plus grand nombre de réfugiés en provenance de Syrie. Le gouvernement accorde depuis septembre 2013 un « visa humanitaire » offrant une route légale, sûre, et non sélective aux réfugiés syriens. Les mosquées, pourtant relativement peu nombreuses au Brésil, ont joué un rôle de premier plan dans leur accueil. Cet article se penche sur les ressorts de cette implication. La première partie analyse la fonction d’assistance des associations musulmanes auprès des réfugiés syriens, au regard à la fois des carences de l’État et de la concurrence des autres acteurs de la société civile. La deuxième s’intéresse à la dimension identitaire et politique de cette solidarité musulmane en montrant, en particulier, pourquoi le registre confessionnel a pris le dessus sur le lien au pays d’origine. La dernière partie, enfin, interroge le rôle des mosquées dans l’intégration des réfugiés syriens à la société brésilienne.
Variations du licite : la consommation de viandes halals par des musulmans à Brasília
Authors: Hamid Sonia Cristina , Rego André G. do
Published: December 2018

Cet article traite de la consommation de viandes halals (produites et préparées selon les préceptes islamiques) par les musulmans vivant à Brasília, ainsi que du lien entre ce mode d’alimentation et la conception de leur identité religieuse. La recherche s’est appuyée sur des entretiens semi-directifs avec des habitants de la capitale fédérale ainsi que sur les réponses à un questionnaire électronique diffusé dans les ambassades de pays musulmans et sur des réseaux personnels, susceptibles d’atteindre des personnes de religion islamique. Les données obtenues indiquent que plusieurs facteurs influencent la consommation de viande halal, et le lien de cette pratique avec l’identité des fidèles : la disponibilité de la viande, le pouvoir d’achat, l’appartenance à une certaine génération migratoire et, surtout, les appréhensions différentes de ce qui peut être, ou non, considéré comme un aliment halal. La combinaison de ces facteurs provoque des différentiations sociales et morales entre les musulmans eux-mêmes.
Béton brut et raffinement du goût : la clientèle et l’économie symbolique de l’architecture d’auteur
Authors: Rosatti Camila Gui
Published: December 2018

Cet article concerne la clientèle qui a commandé les projets d’architecture domestique de Paulo Mendes da Rocha, partisan au Brésil de l’esthétique du béton apparent. Dans un premier temps, l’auteure analyse la trajectoire de consécration de l’architecte, couronnée par la plus importante récompense internationale, le Prix Pritzker. Ensuite, elle examine le profil social de ses clients, des maîtres d’ouvrage investis dans l’amour de l’architecture d’avant-garde. Elle aborde enfin la transmission de ces biens sur le marché immobilier de manière à éclaircir les différences qui s’établissent entre commanditaires d’origine et nouveaux propriétaires.
Nouveaux “carrefours” dans la médiatisation des succès musicaux : à propos de la chanson “Alaska” de Maggie Rogers
Authors: Heuguet Guillaume
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’intéresse au processus médiatique de construction des significations et du succès d’une chanson pop comme objet trivial (Yves Jeanneret) en analysant plus particulièrement le rôle des médias en ligne dans la transformation en « tube » de la chanson « Alaska » de Maggie Rogers. Ce processus passe par les reconfigurations successives de ses formats éditoriaux, depuis une demo jouée dans une master class à l’université de NYU publiée sur YouTube, jusqu’à son traitement par la critique musicale et sa sortie sous la forme d’un clip et d’un disque. Faut-il considérer YouTube comme une « machine à tubes » qui change les « règles du jeu » ? Quel rôle les rapports entre artistes amateurs et professionnels jouent-ils dans ces processus ? Peut-on attribuer le succès des chansons pop à de nouveaux critères de « viralité » ? Cet article propose de répondre à ces questions en montrant la façon dont les sites de publication, les forums, la critique et l’industrie musicale orientent chacun à leur manière des formes d’expérience et organisent des récits enchevêtrés et performatifs de la genèse des succès. Loin de disparaître avec internet, la série des médiations des « tubes » semble s’allonger et se complexifier.
IL-33 Induces Murine Intestinal Goblet Cell Differentiation Indirectly via Innate Lymphoid Cell IL-13 Secretion
Authors: Waddell Amanda , Vallance Jefferson E. , Hummel Amy , Alenghat Theresa , Rosen Michael J.
Published: December 2018

Regulation of the intestinal mucus layer by goblet cells is important for preventing inflammation and controlling infection. IL-33, a cytokine upregulated in inflammatory bowel disease and helminth infection, induces intestinal goblet cells, but the mechanism remains unclear. Enteroids are three-dimensional structures of primary small intestinal epithelial cells that contain all differentiated intestinal epithelial cell types. We developed an enteroid–immune cell coculture model to determine the mechanism through which IL-33 affects intestinal goblet cell differentiation. We report that IL-33 does not directly induce goblet cell differentiation in murine enteroids; however, IL-13, a cytokine induced by IL-33, markedly induces goblet cells and gene expression consistent with goblet cell differentiation. When enteroids are cocultured with CD90+ mesenteric lymph node cells from IL-33–treated mice, IL-33 then induces IL-13 secretion by group 2 innate lymphoid cells and enteroid gene expression consistent with goblet cell differentiation. In cocultures, IL-33–induced Muc2 expression is dependent on enteroid Il4ra expression, demonstrating a requirement for IL-13 signaling in epithelial cells. In vivo, IL-33–induced intestinal goblet cell hyperplasia is dependent on IL-13. These studies demonstrate that IL-33 induces intestinal goblet cell differentiation not through direct action on epithelial cells but indirectly through IL-13 production by goup 2 innate lymphoid cells.
AUTOMATIZAÇÃO DAS PERDAS IMEDIATAS DE PROTENSÃO UTILIZANDO PROGRAMA MATLAB
Authors: Araújo de Melo Beatriz , Douglas de Luna Santos Erick , Duarte Fernandes Dutra Rosanna , De Paula Faria Henrique
Published: December 2018

Os elementos de concreto protendido são aqueles cujas armaduras são submetidas a prévia tensão de tração, com o intuito de manter a peça sujeita apenas a esforços de compressão, mesmo sob ações de diversos carregamentos, ou, de reduzir os esforços de tração oriundos das solicitações atuantes. Assim, o estudo e a aplicação do concreto protendido tem ganhado maiores proporções no cotidiano da Engenharia Civil devido às suas múltiplas aplicações estruturais. Redução da abertura de fissuras e melhor aproveitamento do aço e do concreto utilizado são apenas alguns exemplos de suas vantagens. Visando ampliar o conhecimento acerca do assunto, e reduzir o esforço dispendido no dimensionamento manual de estruturas protendidas, este trabalho objetivou automatizar o cálculo das perdas imediatas de protensão em vigas biapoiadas com a utilização do software MATLAB. Para isso, fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico a partir do qual retirou-se problemas para análise, seguido das respectivas automatizações. Vale ressaltar, como resultado mais importante dessa pesquisa, que os cálculos efetuados no software não só corroboraram os dados numéricos, como proporcionaram gráficos a complementá-los. Dessa forma, a pesquisa mostrou-se relevante para o meio acadêmico ao tornar possível a automatização de perdas imediatas da protensão e conduzir a um cálculo do dimensionamento mais exequível
AVALIAÇÃO DA UTILIZAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES ADITIVOS NO CONCRETO PERMEÁVEL PARA PERMITIR MISTURA E TRANSPORTE EM CAMINHÃO BETONEIRA
Authors: Gabriela de Oliveira Barreto Ana , Nascimento Lins Luciana
Published: December 2018

A tecnologia para pavimentos permeáveis carece de estudos aprofundados, uma vez que esse tipo de revestimento trás consigo inúmeros benefícios principalmente no quesito de sustentabilidade, como por exemplo a capacidade de percolação da água através de seus poros, o que evita o acúmulo de lâmina d’água em sua superfície, a possível recarga de lençóis freáticos, a filtragem prévia de sedimentos indesejáveis no solo, dentre outros. O estudo visa o transporte do concreto permeável em seu estado fresco através de caminhão betoneira, a partir de uma análise entre diferentes aditivos e suas combinações através de ensaios sugeridos pela norma NBR 16416:2015 Pavimentos permeáveis de concreto – Requisitos e procedimento. Para a realização desse foi aproveitado de pesquisas anteriores parâmetros como traço utilizado, faixa granulométrica de agregados e o tipo de cimento utilizado por Teixeira (2017). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que é possível produzir concreto permeável com diferentes usos a partir da mesma composição, variando somente o tipo de aditivo utilizado, contudo ainda não foi possível determinar se o transporte é viável
BRASÍLIA: ENTRE DINÂMICAS LOCAIS E GLOBAIS DE DESTERITORIALIZAÇÃO URBANA.
Authors: Jordana da Costa Sales Maylla , De Sousa Oliveira Julyane , Tadeu Guimarães Sávio
Published: December 2018

Esta pesquisa, pautada em alterações na espacialidade urbana da cidade de Brasília, apresenta uma reflexão sobre processos de desterritorialização urbana, como aqueles vinculados à gentrificação, processo crescentemente constatado nas mais diversas cidades em todo o mundo e bastante criticado pela esfera crítica. Outro conceito, um pouco mais recente, o conceito de sustentabilidade, também se tornou um ponto chave do estudo pelo fato de poder ser considerado, em alguns casos, como um possível auxílio para o restabelecimento de maiores vínculos com o espaço, público sobretudo. A partir dos estudos e reflexões desenvolvidos ao longo da pesquisa foi possível ampliar o conhecimento teórico com a empiria, alcançando uma maior aproximação da realidade local em uma pesquisa de base qualitativa, atenta ao que os moradores e frequentadores de espaços urbanos e comerciais da capital federal pensam sobre a cidade em que habitam. Com esta pesquisa espera-se poder contribuir para as crescentes reflexões sobre as práticas, efeitos e consequências da produção e apropriação da espacialidade urbana
PROPOSTA DE UM NOVO TESTE CLÍNICO PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DA TENDINOPATIA GLÚTEA
Authors: Morelati Rosa Tatiane , Ripoll Cassol Fernanda , Oliveira Marcio , Freitas Anderson , Leite de Macedo Sílvio
Published: December 2018

As tendinopatias glúteas são patologias muito frequentes nos consultórios ortopédicos, na maioria das vezes diagnosticadas clinicamente de forma subjetiva pela palpação dolorosa na região lateral do quadril. A síndrome dolorosa do grande trocânter é relativamente comum e acomete 10% a 25% da população em geral, sendo que sua maioria apresenta acometimentos dos glúteos médio e mínimo. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever um teste clínico de irritabilidade dos glúteos médios e mínimo para apresentar novos meios semiológicos de diagnóstico e avaliação para resultados terapêuticos desta patologia. A manobra foi aplicada em 29 pacientes, sendo 25 do gênero feminino e 4 do gênero masculino, que apresentavam quadro clínico compatível com a síndrome dolorosa do grande trocânter há mais de 3 meses. Junto a isso foi aplicado o teste de Lequesne a todos os pacientes e, posteriormente foram analisadas as imagens de ressonância magnética destes participantes. Os testes de Lequesne e Proposto foram avaliados pelo coeficiente de Kappa e verificou-se que existe concordância significativa de grau moderado entre a fase 3 da manobra proposta e o teste clínico de Lequesne nesta amostra do estudo. Verificou-se que o teste clínico proposto possui uma boa sensibilidade (97,3%) e especificidade (50%) em sua fase 3, com o percentual de concordância de 79,3%, assumindo como padrão ouro o teste de Lequesne. Concluiu-se com base nos resultados que este estudo é o primeiro passo para validação do teste clínico proposto e que seu sinal de positividade parece ser um método razoável para identificar aqueles pacientes que necessitam de avaliação adicional para tendinopatia com o uso de ressonância magnética. Entretanto, há a necessidade de mais estudos para avaliação de sua validade e reprodutibilidade
Arctic ice clouds over northern Sweden: microphysical properties studied with the Balloon-borne Ice Cloud particle Imager B-ICI
Authors: Wolf Veronika , Kuhn Thomas , Milz Mathias , Voelger Peter , Krämer Martina , Rolf Christian
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Ice particle and cloud properties such as particle size, particle shape and
number concentration influence the net radiation effect of cirrus clouds.
Measurements of these features are of great interest for the improvement of
weather and climate models, especially for the Arctic region. In this study,
balloon-borne in situ measurements of Arctic cirrus clouds have been analysed
for the first time with respect to their origin. Eight cirrus cloud
measurements have been carried out in Kiruna (68∘ N), Sweden, using
the Balloon-borne Ice Cloud particle Imager (B-ICI). Ice particle diameters
between 10 and 1200 µm have been found and the shape could be
recognized from 20 µm upwards. Great variability in particle size
and shape is observed. This cannot simply be explained by local environmental
conditions. However, if sorted by cirrus origin, wind and weather conditions,
the observed differences can be assessed. Number concentrations between 3 and
400 L−1 have been measured, but the number concentration has reached
values above 100 L−1 only for two cases. These two cirrus clouds are of
in situ origin and have been associated with waves. For all other
measurements, the maximum ice particle concentration is below 50 L−1
and for one in situ origin cirrus case only 3 L−1. In the case of
in situ origin clouds, the particles are all smaller than 350 µm
diameter. The PSDs for liquid origin clouds are much broader with particle
sizes between 10 and 1200 µm. Furthermore, it is striking that in
the case of in situ origin clouds almost all particles are compact (61 %)
or irregular (25 %) when examining the particle shape. In liquid origin
clouds, on the other hand, most particles are irregular (48 %), rosettes
(25 %) or columnar (14 %). There are hardly any plates in cirrus
regardless of their origin. It is also noticeable that in the case of
liquid origin clouds the rosettes and columnar particles are almost all
hollow.
Application of Open Path Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
(OP-FTIR) to Measure Greenhouse Gas Concentrations from
Agricultural Soils
Authors: Lin Cheng-Hsien , Johnston Cliff T. , Grant Richard H. , Heber Albert J.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR) has often been used to measure hazardous or trace gases from the "hot" point sources (e.g., volcano, industrial or agricultural facilities) but seldom used in the field-scale source areas, such as soil emissions. OP-FTIR, the close-path mid-IR laser-based N2O, and the nondispersive-IR CO2 analyzers were used to measure the concentrations of greenhouse gases (e.g., N2O and CO2) emitted from agricultural soils over a period of 9−19 June in 2014. We developed a quantitative method of N2O/CO2 analysis that minimized the interferences from diurnal changes of humidity and temperature in order to measure N2O/CO2 concentrations accurately. Two chemometric multivariate models were developed, a classical least squares (CLS) and a partial least squares (PLS), respectively. This study evaluated different methods to generate the single beam background spectra, and different spectral regions to determine N2O/CO2 concentrations from OP-FTIR spectra. A standard extractive method was used to measure the "actual" path-averaged concentrations along an OP-FTIR optical path in situ, as a benchmark to assess the feasibilities of these quantitative methods. Within the absolute humidity of 5000−20 000 ppmv and the temperature of 10−35 °C, we found that the CLS model underestimated N2O concentrations (Bias = −4.9 ± 3.1 %) calculated from OP-FTIR spectra, and the PLS model improved the accuracy of the calculated N2O (Bias = 1.4 ± 2.3 %). The bias of the calculated CO2 was −1.0 ± 2.8 % using the CLS model. These methods suggested that the changed ambient factors potentially led to biases in N2O/CO2 estimations from OP-FTIR spectra, and may help the OP-FTIR user to escape from the dependency of extractive methods used to calibrate the concentration determined by OP-FTIR.
Late Miocene to Recent High Resolution Eastern Equatorial Pacific Carbonate Records: Stratigraphy linked by dissolution and paleoproductivity
Authors: Lyle Mitchell , Drury Anna Joy , Tian Jun , Wilkens Roy , Westerhold Thomas
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We report late Miocene-Recent time series of XRF-derived bulk sediment composition and mass accumulation rates (MAR) from IODP Sites U1335, U1337, U1338 and ODP Site 849, and also report bulk density-derived CaCO3 MAR at Sites 848, 850 and 851. We use physical properties and images to intercorrelate all records for the last 8 Myr with resolutions of 1–2 kyr. Large magnitude changes in CaCO3 and opal MAR occurred within that time period but clay deposition has remained relatively constant. Ratios of CaCO3 % or SiO2 % to clay can be used to emulate biogenic MAR. We define 5 major Plio-Pleistocene Low CaCO3 % (PPLC) intervals since 5.3 Ma. Two were caused primarily by high opal burial that diluted CaCO3 (PPLC-2—1685-2135 ka, and PPLC-5—4465-4737 ka), while 3 were caused by enhanced dissolution of CaCO3 (PPLC-1—51-402 ka, PPLC-3—2248-2684 ka, and PPLC-4—2915-4093 ka). Regional patterns of CaCO3 % minima can distinguish between lows caused by high diatom production versus lows caused by dissolution. High diatom production causes lowest CaCO3 % at equatorial locations, while higher dissolution causes lowest CaCO3 at higher latitudes. The dissolution interval PPLC-4 occurs as the Central American Seaway closed and during a long decline from extreme positive Atlantic-Pacific carbon isotope gradients indicating an abyssal Pacific buildup of uncompensated DIC in the early Pliocene. The two major post-Miocene production intervals, PPLC-2 and PPLC-5, have different geographic footprints because of regional changes in eastern Pacific nutrient storage after the closure of the Panama Seaway.
ORCHIDEE-ROUTING: revising the river routing scheme using a high-resolution hydrological database
Authors: Nguyen-Quang Trung , Polcher Jan , Ducharne Agnès , Arsouze Thomas , Zhou Xudong , Schneider Ana , Fita Lluís
Published: December 2018

Abstract. The river routing scheme (RRS) in the Organising Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE)
land surface model is a valuable tool for closing the water cycle in a
coupled environment and for validating the model performance. This study
presents a revision of the RRS of the ORCHIDEE model that aims to benefit
from the high-resolution topography provided by the Hydrological data and
maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales (HydroSHEDS),
which is processed to a resolution of approximately 1 km. Adapting a new
algorithm to construct river networks, the new RRS in ORCHIDEE allows for the
preservation of as much of the hydrological information from HydroSHEDS as
the user requires. The evaluation focuses on 12 rivers of contrasting size
and climate which contribute freshwater to the Mediterranean Sea. First, the
numerical aspect of the new RRS is investigated, in order to identify the
practical configuration offering the best trade-off between computational
cost and simulation quality for ensuing validations. Second, the performance
of the new scheme is evaluated against observations at both monthly and daily
timescales. The new RRS satisfactorily captures the seasonal variability of
river discharge, although important biases stem from the water budget
simulated by the ORCHIDEE model. The results highlight that realistic
streamflow simulations require accurate precipitation forcing data and a
precise river catchment description over a wide range of scales, as permitted
by the new RRS. Detailed analyses at the daily timescale show the promising
performance of this high-resolution RRS with respect to replicating river
flow variation at various frequencies. Furthermore, this RRS may also
eventually be well adapted for further developments in the ORCHIDEE land
surface model to assess anthropogenic impacts on river processes (e.g.
damming for irrigation operation).
Open-source Arduino-derived data loggers designed for field research
Authors: Wickert Andrew D. , Sandell Chad T. , Schulz Bobby , Ng G.-H. Crystal
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Automated electronic data loggers revolutionized environmental monitoring by enabling reliable high-frequency measurements. However, the potential to monitor the complex environmental interactions involved in global change has not been fully realized due to the high cost and lack of modularity of commercially available data loggers. Responding to this need, we developed the ALog series of open-source data loggers, based on the popular and easy-to-program Arduino microcontroller platform. ALog data loggers are low cost, lightweight, and low power; they function between −30 °C and +60 °C, can be powered by readily available consumer-grade batteries and solar panels, and can store up to 32 GB of data locally. They are compatible with standard environmental sensors, and the ALog firmware library may be expanded to add additional sensor support. The end-product is a set of robust and field-tested scientific instrumentation that is the direct descendant of dozens of individuals' contributions to the growing open-source electronics movement.
Synergy of wind wave model simulations and satellite observations during extreme events
Authors: Wiese Anne , Staneva Joanna , Schulz-Stellenfleth Johannes , Behrens Arno , Fenoglio-Marc Luciana , Bidlot Jean-Raymond
Published: December 2018

Abstract. In this study, the quality of wave data provided by the
new Sentinel-3A satellite is evaluated and the sensitivity of the wave model
to wind forcing is tested. We focus on coastal areas, where altimeter data
are of lower quality and wave modelling is more complex than for the open
ocean. In the first part of the study, the sensitivity of the wave model to
wind forcing is evaluated using data with different temporal and spatial
resolution, such as ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalyses, the European Centre for
Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analysis and short-range
forecasts, German Weather Service (DWD) forecasts and regional atmospheric
model simulations (coastDat). Numerical simulations show that
the wave model forced using the ERA5 reanalyses and that forced using the
ECMWF operational analysis/forecast demonstrate the best capability over the
whole study period, as well as during extreme events. To further estimate the
variance of the significant wave height of ensemble members for different
wind forcings, especially during extreme events, an empirical orthogonal
function (EOF) analysis is performed. In the second part of the study, the
satellite data of Sentinel-3A, Jason-2 and CryoSat-2 are assessed in
comparison with in situ measurements and spectral wave model (WAM)
simulations. Intercomparisons between remote sensing and in situ observations
demonstrate that the overall quality of the former is good over the North Sea
and Baltic Sea throughout the study period, although the significant wave
heights estimated based on satellite data tend to be greater than the in situ
measurements by 7 to 26 cm. The quality of all satellite data near
the coastal area decreases; however, within 10 km off the coast,
Sentinel-3A performs better than the other two satellites. Analyses in which
data from satellite tracks are separated in terms of onshore and offshore
flights have been carried out. No substantial differences are found when
comparing the statistics for onshore and offshore flights. Moreover, no
substantial differences are found between satellite tracks under various
metocean conditions. Furthermore, the satellite data quality does not depend
on the wind direction relative to the flight direction. Thus, the quality of
the data obtained by the new Sentinel-3A satellite over coastal areas
is improved compared to that of older satellites.
Imagicidades telejornalísticas
Authors: Franco Carlos Fernando
Published: December 2018

O presente ensaio trata da questão da imagem como ferramenta informativa e de constituição de enunciações jornalísticas. Categoriza as naturezas imagéticas mais comuns encontradas nas narrativas jornalísticas. Discute a relação hierarquizada entre imagem e texto. Observa os usos comuns desta forma de expressão na contemporaneidade com relação às novas mídias, percebendo criação de retóricas levianas de foco convergente a determinados grupos. Reflete sobre o caráter universal da imagem e seu uso mais ético e seguro na constituição de enunciações telejornalísticas.
Jornalismo hiperlocal e internet: a comunicação hiperlocal cidadã como possibilidade na arena pública
Authors: Magnoni Antonio Francisco , Miranda Giovani Vieira
Published: December 2018

O presente texto sugere uma discussão sobre as reconfigurações pelas quais passa o campo do jornalismo a partir da inserção de tecnologias móveis e ubíquas e, mais especificamente, as mídias locativas e suas funções e serviços no dia-dia dos cidadão. As análises servirão de preâmbulo para a discussão sobre o novo cenário hiperlocal no qual está inserido o processo de construção do jornalismo com direção para novos panoramas no meio digital e suas implicações em nível local. Para tanto, também será debatida a aproximação do jornalismo hiperlocal como arena pública; levando em consideração a ambiência da inclusividade, não-coerção e reciprocidade que dão potencial para a promoção de um espaço de debate entre múltiplas vozes da sociedade, sobre os mais diferentes assuntos; considerando um fluxo de informação que propicie a consolidação das opiniões públicas e o incentivo ao debate público em nível local.
Neanderthal Subsistence in Portugal: What Evidence?
Authors: Nabais Mariana
Published: December 2018

A total of 270 Middle Palaeolithic sites are recorded in the Portuguese Archaeology Archive. Of these, only a few have been systematically excavated and shown to present valuable archaeological information or reliable absolute dating evidence. Just 13 sites yielded animal remains. Most of these assemblages, however, are of indeterminate origin or are the result of natural or carnivore accumulations. Only three sites yielded faunal assemblages produced by hominin activity: Gruta Nova da Columbeira, Gruta da Figueira Brava and Gruta da Oliveira. The following research update summarises and contextualises findings from the last two of these caves, which are presently being investigated as part of a funded doctoral research project based at the UCL Institute of Archaeology. As discussed below, the project has already yielded substantial information on Neanderthal subsistence and palaeoenvironment in Portugal.
Something visible in Japanese
Authors: Hiraiwa Ken
Published: December 2018

A number of languages of the world show a striking change in word order when what is modified is an indefinite pronoun: the modifier necessarily appears postnominally (e.g. something visible vs. *visible something). English and French are examples of this ordering pattern. Japanese, a head-final language with exclusively prenominal modifiers, nevertheless exhibits the same order as English and French when indeterminate phrases (indefinite pronouns) are modified. I argue that although the modifier in such structures may appear to be a postnominal modifier of the preceding indeterminate phrase, it is actually a prenominal modifier of the following light noun n. I further propose that the English/French-type construction has the same underlying structure as the Japanese-type construction and that apparent differences follow from a difference in the composition of so-called indefinite pronouns: an indeterminate system versus a light-noun system.
The Complexity of Verbal Semantics—An Intricate Relationship Between Qatal and Wayyiqtol
Authors: Andrason Alexander
Published: December 2018

This article analyzes the relationship that exists between the qatal and wayyiqtol forms in Biblical Hebrew. It provides a twofold approach, based on complexity theory, fuzziology, cognitive linguistics and the theory of dynamic semantic maps, on the one hand, as well as on an original empirical study involving all the instances of the two grams in the book of Genesis, on the other. As a result, the article advances a model of an intricate, multi-level and dynamic interaction of qatal and wayyiqtol in terms of two kinetic waves that spread along a grammaticalization channel recursively used in the language—in this case, the resultative stream.
The Radical Nature of “Return” in Zechariah
Authors: Cataldo Jeremiah W.
Published: December 2018

Scholarship has tended to emphasize a positivistic view of Zechariah—namely, that the text, constructivist in nature, reflects what the prophet viewed as the eventual outcome of his community. In contrast, using Melanie Klein's theory on the “death instinct,” this article is an experimental reading of Zech 1–8 meant to expose questions about Zechariah as a paranoid text produced under fears of social irrelevance, or “death.” The article therefore argues that the concept of return must be reinterpreted accordingly.
Speaking to One's Heart: דבר and its Semantic Extension
Authors: Mylonas Natalie , Llewelyn Stephen , Wearne Gareth
Published: December 2018

Cognitive linguists are increasingly recognising the value of metonymy for understanding the way language works. This article applies recent advancements in the theory of metonymy to the Hebrew noun דבר in order to explain its broad semantic range. It argues that metonymy and its function in the processes of grammaticalization account for the majority of lexical senses listed for דבר. It also aids in the translation of this polysemous noun by highlighting some contextual features of speech that help determine the meaning of דבר in any given sentence.
The Characterization of Rehoboam and Jeroboam as a Reflection of the Chronicler's View of the Schism
Authors: Amar Itzhak
Published: December 2018

The Chronicler's version of the schism (1 Chr 10:1–12:16) differs significantly from its parallel narrative in Kings. This article addresses the differences through literary analysis of the main characters represented in the narrative: Rehoboam and Jeroboam. In particular, the article demonstrates how the Chronicler maintains a certain balance between them; how Abijah's speech contributes to the characterizations of Rehoboam and Jeroboam; and how it illuminates the Chronicler's perception of the schism and the subsequent events.
The Unstated Premise of the Prose Pentateuch: YHWH Is King
Authors: Watts James W.
Published: December 2018

The prose of the Pentateuch never describes God as a king. This omission requires explanation, because the Pentateuch shows God performing many royal functions and other parts of the Hebrew Bible readily call YHWH “king.” Rhetorical theory provides a likely explanation in the form of the unstated premises in enthymemes. By leaving the premise of God’s kingship implied but unstated, the Pentateuch can apply Iron Age imperial rhetoric to God while avoiding political debates about human king.
Production Potential and Quality of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Seed Cultivated in Different Seeding Seasons
Authors: Rodrigues D. B. , Tunes L. V. M. , Villela F. A. , Gadotti G. I. , Costa C. J. , Rosa T. D. , Medeiros D. , Gularte J. A. , Gewehr E. , Almeida A. S. , Nunes C.
Published: December 2018

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an annual plant belonging to subfamily Chenopodiaceae containing such granite importance, being considered a pseudocereal. For the quinoa to gain widespread attention, to the point of achieving large scale cultivation in Brazil it is necessary for the studies to advance specially in regards to quality of produced seeds. The main aim of this work was to evaluate potential of quinoa seed’s production cultivated in different seasons, as well as quality of seeds produced on primary and secondary stalks of quinoa plants from BRS Piabiru, produced in the South of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. The evaluated seeding seasons were October, November and December, June, July and August of the years 2015/2016, after the plants were taken to evaluation regarding agronomical characters (fresh mass of ramification glomeruli, main glomeruli, fresh mass of stem from the main, fresh mass of stem ramification, fresh mass of leaves, dry mass of stem ramification, stem from the main, glomeruli from the main, stem ramification, of leaves, diameter of stem and panicle lenght) and quality of seeds (germination, test of cold, accelerated aging, and seed’s emergency). Quality of the seed is assured when it’s produced after months of July, August and November, given that quality of seeds from main stem is superior.
Phosphorus Fractions and Their Transformations in Entisol
Authors: Alovisi Alessandra Mayumi Tokura , Alovisi Alves Alexandre , Serra Ademar Pereira , Tokura Luciene Kazue , Davide Livia Maria Chamma , Lourente Elaine Reis Pinheiro , Silva Robervaldo Soares da , Tokura Willian Isáo , Souza Daiana Alovisi de , Mar Gilson Domingos do
Published: December 2018

The availability of phosphorus in the soil is a factor that directly interferes with its absorption by plants. This availability can be influenced by the texture, dose of the phosphate fertilizer and the time of contact with the soil. This study aimed to quantify the organic and inorganic fractions of P accumulated in a sandy soil receiving doses of phosphorus, incubated and grown with rice. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, with four replicates, and four P doses (0, 80, 240, and 410 mg dm-3) and three evaluation times (before sowing, after harvest, and incubated). Soil samples were collected before, after incubation, and after rice harvesting, and then submitted to a chemical fractionation of P. P fractions were influenced by soil collection times. The inorganic fractions prevailed before sowing and after incubation, and the organic fractions prevailed after harvest. Phosphate fertilization favored mineralization of organic P and redistributes the inorganic and organic P fractions, between labile and non-labile compartments. The application of phosphate fertilizer in an Entisol Quartzipsamment contributes to the accumulation of inorganic fractions, especially in the most labile fractions.
Effect of Vinasse in the Suppressiveness to Pratylenchus brachyurus in Soybean
Authors: Leite Maria Lúcia Tiburtino , Almeida Fernandes Antonio de , Fonseca Wéverson Lima , Oliveira Augusto Matias de , Prochnow Jeissica Taline , Pereira Francisco Fernandes , Neto Francisco de Alcântara
Published: December 2018

Vinasse, a byproduct result of the process of distillation and fermentation of sugar cane in the ethanol production, stands out for high availability and nutritional alternative source in pest control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vinasse potential applied to soil, aiming at the control of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean crop. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial (2 × 11), consisting of two forms of application of vinasse (single and divided into two), in eleven concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%), with five replications. The soybean plants were inoculated with a suspension of 4,000 eggs/juveniles of P. brachyurus. 60 days after the first application of vinasse, agronomic variables and parasitism were evaluated. The single vinasse application promoted greater growth and root development. Regarding the nematodes parasitism, the application divided was more efficient in the reduction of juveniles in the root and soil, where the concentrations of vinasse enough to reduce the population of 50% (CL50) of the nematodes were 10.22% and 16.64%, respectively. Whereas, for the other variables such as: nematodes per gram of roots (73.97%), eggs in the root (86%) and total nematodes in roots and soil (67.90%), the greatest reduction was observed in the 20% concentration of vinasse. Therefore, vinasse shows potential as a nematicide, as well as excellent organic fertilizer.
Loops de histerese na evapotranspiração em área de pastagem no sul do Brasil
Authors: Rubert Gisele Cristina Dotto , Roberti Débora Regina , Diaz Marcelo Bortoluzzi
Published: December 2018

One of the main components of water and energy balance in terrestrial ecosystems, the evapotranspiration (ET), was estimated using the eddy covariance technique. To better understand these energy transfer processes it is necessary to know how the ET responds to different meteorological variables. The main objective of this work is to investigate the hysteresis response of ET to environmental variables including air temperature (Temp), vapor pressure deficit (DPV) and net radiation (Rn) at a diel timescale for a pasture area in southern Brazil. ET presents hysteresis with DPV and Temp, responding more strongly to the vapor pressure deficit.
Simulação de um modelo de dispersão de poluente com reação química na camada limite atmosférica
Authors: Weymar Guilherme Jahnecke , Buske Daniela , Quadros Régis Sperotto de , Carvalho Jonas Da Costa
Published: December 2018

This work presents an analytical representation for a dispersion model of pollutants that considers the chemical reaction, the model uses the three-dimensional advection-diffusion equation to describe the concentration field in the atmospheric boundary layer and to represent the chemical reaction that the pollutant suffers is included a source term in the equation. To solve the problem we use the modified Adomian Decomposition method associated with the 3D-GILTT method. The model was applied to simulate the dispersion and transportation of the $SO_2$ (sulfur dioxide), a pollutant produced from the burning of mineral coal, emitted by the Presidente Médici thermoelectric plant, located in Candiota / RS. With the analysis of the results it can be observed that the concentrations generated by the model are satisfactory and that the approach used is a new proposal for the description of the concentration field of a substance.
Características da esteira turbulenta do modelo de um aerogerador
Authors: Wittwer Adrián Roberto , Dorado Rodrigo , Loredo-Souza Acir , Bones Arthur , Capeller Bruno , Contini André , Bodmann Bardo , Degrazia Gervásio Annes
Published: December 2018

An experimental study of the turbulent wake of a wind turbine model was realized at the “Joaquim Blessmann” wind tunnel of the UFRGS. The turbine model was developed at the Universidade de Caxias do Sul and it represents a three blade turbine characterized by a NACA 4412 aerodynamic profile. Measurements of the velocity fluctuations were realized by hot wire anemometry. Complexity of the turbulent flow is evaluated by mean and fluctuating velocity profiles. The influence of the incident flow turbulence and the flow reconstructing process are analyzed by the measurement results.