bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF CORDYCEP MILITARIS ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW
Authors: Hong Son Truong , Minh Khanh Le , Viet Anh Le , Ha Linh Hoang
Published: April 2023

Cordyceps militaris - a valuable herb, is used as a medication to enhance health and wellbeing in many nations, particularly in Vietnam. Therefore, many research were carried out to examine how C. militaris affects some specific health problems. Our literature reviewed 168 research published worldwide and in Vietnam and revealed that: (1) C. militaris may promote immunity; (2) C. militaris has antioxidants propeties; and (3) C. militaris could improve lung function. Product CordySen used C. militaris as main ingredients so that it also has the potential to bring benefits to human health.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND ACCEPTANCE OF PARENTS TOWARDS COVID-19 VACCINATION FOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS OF AGE
Authors: Thi Thu Cuc Nguyen , Thi Thanh Xuan Bui , Thuy Phuong Hong Huynh
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The Covid-19 had a significant impact on the health of both adults and children; the number of cases and deaths among children was quite high. It was acknowledged that vaccines were the most effective way to prevent the Covid-19. The parents have expressed their interests in the Covid-19 vaccination campaign for children aged from 5 to 11 years of age. The research purposes were: 1) To determine parents' acceptance rate of the Covid-19 vaccination for children aged from 5 to 11 years of age; 2) To investigate knowledge and attitudes of parents about the Covid-19; 3) To examine association among information, knowledge, and attitudes of parents towards the Covid-19 vaccination for children aged from 5 to 11 years of age.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted on 388 parents with children aged from 5 to 11 years of age; undertaking online self-report fortmat from May to July, 2022. Data analysis, using SPSS 25.0 software, analytic statistics with Binary logistic, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were used to report the relationships

Results: The acceptance rate for children receiving the Covid-19 vaccine was 72.4%. Parents with knowledge and attitudes were at the moderate level, accounting for 56.7% and 52.3%, respectively. In all three knowledge levels, the parents who gave incorrect answers were nearly 50% of the questions: "the Covid-19 vaccine should be given alone and not combined with other vaccines; reduce the effect on which cases; future health problems; the relationship between influenza vaccine and Covid-19". For attitudes, there were parents who choose "no" accounting for nearly 50% of all the sentences: "If the vaccine is not available in Vietnam, you are able to ask for it from another country which has it; and accept to participate in vaccine testing trial, voluntary". Parents with high knowledge and high attitudes accounted for high rates of vaccination acceptance for their children (OR = 0.081; 95% CI: 0.033 - 0.201; OR = 0.023; 95% CI: 0.009 - 0.059 with p < 0.05).

Recommendations: In order to increase level of knowledge of the people/parents, closed coordination among organizations was required: 1) Experts needed to provide more in-depth materials on Covid-19 and Covid-19 vaccines; 2) Medical staffs needed to organize more communication sessions - health education, provide easy-to-understand and easy-to-remember documents, official websites to help them access easily; 3) Educators should incorporate emerging infectious diseases in general, and Covid-19 in particular, for references into teaching contents; 4)Further research should be conducted to broaden population who do not have the ability to approach the internet access to take the survey
TREATMENT OF DIFFUSE INFLAMMATION IN THE JAW AREA: MULTIPLY 2 CLINICAL CASES LUDWIG’ ANGINA - CASES REPORT
Authors: Diep Linh Le , Manh Hung Nguyen
Published: April 2023

Target: Analyze the factors related to the treatment results of diffuse facial inflammation through 2 cases to draw experience in diagnosis and management attitude. Objects - Methods: 2 patients diagnosed with diffuse inflammation in the jaw area were treated at the Faculty of Facial Surgery and Plastic - 108 Centre Military Hospital on December 2019. Method: Description of a cluster of diseases. Results - Discussion:  Diagnosis of diffuse inflammation in the jaw area is based on clinical and imaging diagnosis. Diagnostic imaging methods can use ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance. Computer tomography is often used because of the rapid duration of the scan, assessment of soft inflammatory lesions, and to assess bone and tooth damage. Computerized tomography image said: (1) edema of the organization, the location, size of purulent foci, the direction of spread of inflammation, the appearance of air bubbles in the organization; (2) degree of tamponade of the airway; (3) condition of inflammation spread to the mediastinum, pleura; (4) the source of the infection can be teeth. Diffuse inflammation in the jaw area progresses rapidly, with a high risk of death. Treatment should be aggressive, comprehensive based on factors: early diagnosis, airway control, adequate purulent drainage enlargement surgery, high-dose antibiotics, cause tooth extraction. Conclude: Diffuse inflammation in the jaw area is an emergency disease, need early diagnosis and surgery, incision to remove the pus satisfactorily at the beginning, Combined with systemic antibiotics, treatment for other associated systemic disorders will bring good results, shorten treatment time, reduce the number of surgeries as well as treatment costs, reduce the risk of death.
BODY COMPOSITIONS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DISLIPIDEMIA IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE ADULTS AGED 40-60 IN HANOI
Authors: Hong Son Truong , Xuan Ninh Nguyen , Lien Huong Luu , Minh Khanh Le , Bich Nga Phan
Published: April 2023

To describe the body composition of overweight/obese adults and its association with some blood lipid index in overweight/obese adults in Hanoi. Method: A cross sectional study among 80 overweight/obese adults aged 40-60 in Hanoi, from August, 2020 to October, 2020. Results: Among overweight and obese people, the percentage of high cholesterol were 57,5%, the percentage of high LDL cholesterol were 65,0%, the percentage of high triglyceride were 58,8%. Linear regression showed that there were positive associations between LDL cholesterol with body fat mass, percent body mass and visceral fat (p<0.05) and negative association between HDL cholesterol with weight, BMI index, body fat mass, and visceral fat (p<0.05). Conclusions: The percentage of total cholesterol, high LDL cholesterol and triglyceride among overweight and obese people in Hanoi were high (57,5%, 65,0% and 58,8%, respectively). Some body composition indexes might have correlation with blood lipid indexes, but further studies need to be done to confirm these correlations.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DEATH CASES BY COVID-19 AT DUC GIANG GENERAL HOSPITAL FROM JANUARY TO FEBRUARY, 2022
Authors: Van Thuong Nguyen , Van Xuyen Dang , Huy Nga Nguyen , Tuan Anh Tran
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the patients who died of COVID-19 at Duc Giang General Hospital from January to February, 2022. This is a cross-sectional study using quantitative methods. Research result shows that: Mortality accounted for 27% of hospitalizations; Rate of deaths in the first 24 hours and 1-7 days were 6% and 49,1%, respectively; The majority of death cases were over 70 years old (90,7%); 74,7% mortal patients had comorbidities: hypertension (47,6%), cardiovascular disease (22,3%), cerebral stroke (17,5%); 31,6% mortal patients had vaccination of Covid 19, of which, 17,8% got full vaccination. Clinical classification upon admission: 46,4% critical, 40,8% severe, 9% medium 3,8% mild; Common causes of death included: respiratory failure (84,4%), Sepsis (37,2%), heart failure (32,3%).
MEDICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS AT DUC GIANG GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2022
Authors: Huy Nga Nguyen , Tuong Vy Mai , Van Xuyen Dang , Tuan Anh Tran
Published: April 2023

The aim of study was: (1) Describe the knowledge on medical solid waste management of healthcare staffs and (2) Determine association factors of knowledge on medical solid waste management at Duc Giang General Hospital in 2022. The research was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted on 121 healthcare workers. The results showed that: 26,4% of healthcare workers have good knowledge of medical solid waste management; assessing each session: basic knowledge: 52,1%, medical solid waste classification: 16,5%, recognition of bags and waste storage tools: 49,6%, waste warning awareness: 76%, form, quality of packaging and waste storage tools: 45,5%, waste collection:42,1%, personal protection 42,1%. Untrained health workers had an 8,41 times higher rate of poor knowledge than trained health workers (95%CI 1,08-65,68). Conclusion: Medical solid waste management knowledge among healthcare workers is low and training is a factor related to knowledge in waste management among healthcare workers.
THE CIRCADIAN PATTERN OF 24-HOUR AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE IN THE CEREBRAL INFRACTION PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND HYPERTENSIVES PATIENTS
Authors: Truong Sinh Cao , Chi Thang Doan
Published: April 2023

Aims: Evaluation of the circadian rhythm of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure and pulse rate  in the cerebral infraction patients with hypertension and hypertensives patients with purpose prognostic,  prevention and treatment in two group.

Objects and methods: This study included 140 cerebral infarction patients with hypertension, hospitalized for the first 7 days (mean age 65.5±10.4 years) and 143 primary hypertensive patients (mean age of 64.4±7.5 years). All had 24-h ambulatory recording, with measurement 30 every minutes in the daytime (6.00 am - 10.00 pm) and every 60 minutes at night (10.00 pm - 6.00 am). Results: Blood pressure in patients with cerebral infarction oscillated significantly more than in hypertensive patients; mean standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (25.8 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (15.8 mmHg) in patients with cerebral infarction respectively was significantly higher than those with hypertension (20 mmHg and 12.1 mmHg) with p <0.01. The rate of non-dipping blood pressure at night, the overload of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, morning surge blood pressure in patients with cerebral infarction was significantly higher than that of hypertensive patients (92.1; 75.5; 60.2; 57.8 versus 64.3; 60.1; 49.1; 36.3 respectively; p <0.01). Conclusion: It is necessary to monitor 24-hours ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients and patients with cerebral infarction in the first week of admission to identify some phenomena such as nocturnal non-dipping blood pressure, the overload of blood pressure, especially morning surge blood pressure early to plan for prevention of target organ damage, particularly cerebral stroke in hypertensive patients.
THE SITUATION OF SHARPS INJURIES AMONG IN MEDICAL STAFFS AT DUC GIANG GENERAL HOSPITAL IN 2022
Authors: Huy Nga Nguyen , Tuong Vy Mai , Van Xuyen Dang , Tuan Anh Tran
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to: (1) Describe the situation of damage caused by sharp waste in medical staffs and (2) Identify association factors at Duc Giang General Hospital in 2022. The study is a cross-sectional descriptive research on 121 health care workers. The results showed that 24,8% of healthcare workers injuried by medical sharp waste, of which the wounds on finger and hand accounted for the most with 96,7%, the skin and mucous lesions wounds accounted for the majority with 63,3%, the damage related to patients who may have HIV, hepatitis B other infectious diseases accounted for 16,7%, 13.3% and 30%, respectively. Factors associated with sharp waste injury in healthcare workers include age, training in medical solid waste, and knowledge of medical solid waste management (p<0.05). Conclusion: The rate of damage caused by sharp waste among healthcare workers is still high, especially among young people, those who have not been trained in medical waste, and those with poor knowledge of medical waste management.
INVESTIGATING ADVERSE EFFECTS OF COLD PLASMA IN TREATING SECOND AND THIRD DEGREE BURNS: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Dinh Tung Do , Dang Nhat Pham , Nguyen Nhat Tran , Duc Hiep Ngo
Published: April 2023

Objective: To describe the adverse effects of cold plasma therapy in treating burns. Method: A descriptive study was conducted, following 67 patients with second and third degree burns treated with cold plasma therapy for 10 seconds/cm2. The patients were monitored for pain, burning sensation, and itching during and after the treatment. Results: The study showed a significant decrease in pain among the patients, from 28.4% to 7.5% after treatment. Out of 298 treatments, 56.9% of the patients did not report any pain, while 40.1% reported mild pain, and only 2% reported moderate pain. There were no cases of severe burning sensation, and the sensation reduced significantly after the treatment. The patients reported a decrease in itching sensation after the treatment, with 88.1% reporting no itching. Only 1 patient (0.3%) reported mild itching sensation. Conclusion: Cold plasma therapy is a safe and effective treatment for burns with minimal adverse effects. The adverse effects such as pain, burning sensation, and itching were mild and significantly reduced after the treatment.
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS TREATED WITH OZONE THERAPY THROUGH THE SKIN UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF CT SCAN FOR LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION TREATMENT
Authors: Dinh Tung Do , Trung Thanh Dinh , Van Nghia Nguyen
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To describe the common characteristics of patients undergoing intervention for lumbar disc herniation treatment using ozone therapy through the skin under the guidance of CT scan, to serve as a basis for intervention studies. Methods: The study describes the common characteristics and assesses pain scores of 147 patients with lumbar disc herniation (100 patients in the intervention group and 47 patients in the control group). Results: Lumbar disc herniation typically occurs in individuals over 30 years of age, with the majority being between the ages of >50 (49.7%) and 30-50 (44.2%). The average age of the study group was 48.8 ± 12.1, lower than the control group (57.4 ± 14.8), (p<0.05). Females had a higher incidence of lumbar disc herniation than males (1.5 times), but p>0.05. Unilateral pain was predominant in both groups, mostly on the left side. The average VAS score before intervention in the study group was 8.0 ± 0.7, with no significant difference between the groups. Patients with pain symptoms before treatment had a high and severe level of pain, with no significant difference between the two groups. The average ODI score indicating functional disability of the study group was 70.3±9, p>0.05. Conclusion: The study provides important information on the common characteristics of patients with lumbar disc herniation and pain symptoms. These results serve as a basis for implementing intervention treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation.
FORMULATION A MODEL OF COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT FOR NURSES IN THE CONTEXT OF VIETNAM: FROM EXITING TO NEEDED COMPETENCY
Authors: Thi Ha Do , Nuntaboot Khanitta
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this article is to share the experiences of the development and describe the contents of the model framework for competency development of nurses within the context of Vietnam. A qualitative study, ethnographic approach was conducted on 41 participants who are nurses, other healthcare professionals and relevant stakeholders. Data collection methods were participant-observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussion. Qualitative content analysis model was used for analyzing the data. The Model of Competency Development of Nurses was developed from the results generated from research that identified the gaps among the three competencies, including needed competencies of clinical practice nurses, core competencies of Vietnamese nurses which is considered as national competency standards, and existing competencies of clinical practice nurses; factors influencing competency development; and journey of competency development of nurses. The Model is expected to provide process of changing competencies of nurses practicing in clinical context from existing competencies to needed competencies, which considered the ultimate goal of competency of nurses.
LARGE CELL UNDIFFERENTIATED CARCINOMA OF PAROTID GLAND: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Quang Duc Nguyen , Phuong Tien Nguyen , Ngoc Lam Vu , Diep Linh Le
Published: April 2023

Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma of parotid gland is a rare disease of salivary gland cancer accounting about 1%, however, it has high malignancy and very poor prosgnosis. We report a clinical case with symptoms of left parotid gland tumor, rapid growth , invasive skin and superficial ulceration . The differential diagnosis is difficult between parotid adenocarcinoma and skin cancer or metastatic cervical lymphoma. The patient underwent extensive surgical resection of the lesion, radical cervical lymphadenectomy, and reconstruction with local flaps. The definitive diagnosis after surgery: large cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the left parotid gland stage IV (pT4aN0M0). The patient did not receive early radiation therapy, therefore local recurrence and distal metastasis, and death 6 months after surgery.
CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME DUE TO BLOOD-CLOTTING AFTER USING COVID-19 VACCINE: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Trong Thoan Pham , Huy Hung Tran , Thi Thanh Van Bui
Published: April 2023

Background: The Covid-19 epidemic has brought about severe consequences to human lives and societies worldwide. While it is undeniable that vaccines bring great benefits in fighting Covid-19, there are still concerns regarding complications from these urgently circulated vaccines, one of them being blood coagulation. Cauda equina is a rare acute spinal pathology capable of leaving extreme sequelae and even less common when caused by intradural blood-clotting. Case presentation: We would like to introduce a 52-year-old male patient with no medical history. 10 days after receiving his second AstraZeneca dose suddenly experienced paralysis in his left leg, urinary retention, and acute lower back pain. The patient underwent treatment at a local hospital for 07 days and was later transferred to our hospital with no improvements. He received emergency laminectomy of L2, remove intradural blood-clotting, and decompression. Although no pain was retained post-suregery and the patient attended physiotherapy, there was no significant progress in urinary functions as well as his left leg mobility. Discussion and conclusion: Cauda equina due to intradural blood-clotting is rare but, just like other conditions, requires urgent treatment or will otherwise leave severe consequences. Though vaccines’ benefits far outweigh their risks, monitorial and preventive measures should be taken to treat postinoculation blood-clotting.
EVALUATION OF COLOR FASTNESS AND SKIN IRRITATION OF HAIR DYE CREAM FROM HENNA LEAVES (LAWSONIA INERMIS L.)
Authors: Thi Linh Tuyen Nguyen , Quang Duong Do
Published: April 2023

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the color fastness and study the skin irritation of a natural hair dye cream from Henna leaves. Materials and method: Nineteen experimental (F1-F19) are conducted using the D-optimal model to evaluate the cause-effect relations and evaluate the color fastness of hair dye cream. Three independent variables were selected for the survey namely Henna extract concentration (X1 includes 5%, 10%, 15%), pH of cream (X2 includes 6, 7, 8), hydrogen peroxide concentration (X3 includes 0%, 2%, 4%). Three dependent variables include color fastness after 1 washes (Y1), 6 washes (Y2) and 12 washes (Y3). Test for skin irritation hair dye cream was applied for rabbits. Results: the optimal parameters of hair dye cream were identified, which included Henna extract concentration of 10%, pH of 6, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 4%. The fastness property of the dye was observed to be very good even after washing 12 times and the absence of sensitivity or reaction on the skin. Conclusion: The results showed that the product has the ability to dye hair and is safe for the skin.
EVALUATION THE RESULTS OF PHAKIC ICL SURGERY AFTER ONE MONTH IN 23 PATIENTS AT SAIGON - CAN THO EYE HOSPITAL FROM JULY 2020 TO DECEMBER 2021
Authors: Van Ket Tran , Quoc Tung Mai , Viet Phap Le
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the results of Phakic ICL surgery after one month at Saigon Can Tho Eye Hospital. Subjects and methods: A retrospective descriptive study evaluated one-month results in 45 eyes of 23 patients undergoing Phakic ICL surgery with Visian Staar Lens of Staar Surgical Company, from July 2020 to December 2021. Ocular biometry was evaluated using the Anterior Chamber Depth index (ACD), the White-to-White  measurement (WTW), and the Vault index.  Patient satisfaction was evaluated using a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 10 (very satisfied). Results: The pre- and postoperative equivalent sphericalness were: -9.26 ± 2.91 (-16 to -3.75) and -1.15 ± 1.06, respectively, which was statistically significant (P<0.0001). The number of incremental postoperative glassless visual rows after 1-week and 1-month surgery were 7.16 and 7.25 rows, respectively. Patient satisfaction was 96%. No postoperative complication was reported. Conclusions: Phakic ICL surgery is highly effectively, safely, and accurately in treatment of refractive errors, including nearsightedness and astigmatism, which results in very good vision after surgery. Patient satisfaction was very high (96%). Phakic ICL could minimize postoperative dry eyes. The techinique is simple and quick technique with simple postoperative care but requires high precision.
Geobotanical Surveys of the Nadym River Floodplain
Authors:   Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Bukin Andrey , Ufimtseva Marina
Published: April 2023

Within the framework of the priority national project "Development of the agro-industrial complex", one of the main directions of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region is the accelerated development of animal husbandry. In this regard, there is a need to create sustainable, productive and long-term meadows based on valuable species of native grasses with productive longevity, a high degree of adaptability to the natural and climatic conditions of the region and stress factors. The purpose of this study was to provide a geobotanical description of the floodplain meadows of the Nadym River in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region. The results of geobotanical surveys have shown that sphagnum-grass and shrub-sphagnum groups of communities predominate in the floodplain of the Nadym River, but their use for fodder lands without preliminary reclamation is not possible. Grass and grass-shrub groups of communities are more promising for fodder production, the average hay yield is 17-33 c/ha. Keywords: FLOODPLAIN MEADOWS, FODDER, GRASS STAND, PLANT ASSOCIATIONS, HAY YIELD
PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AS A PANACEA FOR GOOD EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A BANKING CONTEXT
Authors: Agbasi Obianuju Emmanuela  , Onyekwelu Njideka Phina  , Nwosu Chike
Published: April 2023

Perceived Organization Prestige (POS) defines how employees feel that the organization(s) they work in appreciate and value their effort, and hence determines their performance and that of the organization at large. Therefore, this study examined POS as measured by employee recognition and how it impacts employees' task performance in selected deposit money banks in Southeast Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted by the study.  A total of 10 banks were selected for this study with a population of 789 and it had a sample size of 257. A structured questionnaire was used in data collection and analyzed using correlation analysis, while the hypothesis was tested at a 5% level of significance. Findings showed that employee recognition has a statistically significant positive nexus with task performance in the selected deposit money banks in South East Nigeria (r = .974, p-value < 0.05). It is, therefore, concluded that POS is positively and significantly related to employee task performance. The study recommended that the management of the studied banks need to be recognizing exceptional performance in the presence of others as it will motivate them to continue while encouraging others to put in more effort so as to also get recognized.

Keywords: Perceived Organizational Support, Employee Task Performance, Employee Recognition, Banks and Nigeria.
Devam Eden Bir Mimarlık Krizi Olarak Kentsel Dönüşüm: Amasya İçin Dönüşüm Fırsat mı Tehdit mi?
Authors: ÖZKAYNAK YOLCU Merve
Published: April 2023

Sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel açıdan çöküntü alanlarını kaliteli mekânlara dönüştürmek, terk edilen bölgeleri yeniden kente kazandırmak amacıyla kentsel dönüşüm projeleri başlamıştır. Dünya’daki kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarında mevcut dokunun korunduğu, iyileştirildiği ve yerel halkın fikirlerinin alındığı katılımcı planlama örnekleri bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’deki ise mevcut dokunun yıkılarak yeniden inşa edildiği, alt sosyal grubun yaşam alanlarının soylulaştırıldığı ve yerel halkın fikirlerinin yok sayıldığı dönüşüm uygulamaları olarak görülmektedir. Günümüzde dönüşüm olgusu küçük Anadolu kentlerinin bile kimliklerini tehdit eden ve kentli hakkının çiğnendiği bir kriz olmayı sürdürmektedir. Bu kapsamda topografik yapısı nedeniyle sınırlı yerleşim alanına sahip olan Amasya'da, gecekondu alanları olası kentsel dönüşüm süreci esnasında mevcut dokuya uygun dönüşümün yapılabilmesi çalışmanın ana problemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu problemden hareketle, Amasya’nın altı mahallesinin mevcut sokak dokusu, ada formları, binaların yoğunluğu, odak noktaları, yollar, yeşil alanlar, sokak analizleri ve sokak kesitleri ile analiz edilmesi ve olası dönüşüm uygulamalarına altlık oluşturması çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Sonuç olarak sorunlar, fırsatlar ve tehditler belirlenerek, alana yönelik tasarım ve planlama, yeni işlev, iyileştirme, yıkılma kararlarına ilişkin, kentsel alan, yerel halk ve yerel yönetime yönelik yedi kategoride öneriler sunulmuştur.
CROPGRIDS: A global geo-referenced dataset of 173 crops circa 2020
Authors: Tang Fiona H. M. , Nguyen Thu Ha , Conchedda Giulia , Casse Leon , Tubiello Francesco N. , Maggi Federico
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Despite recent advancements in cloud processing and modelling and the increasing availability of high spectral- and temporal- resolution satellite imagery, mapping the spatial distribution of crop types remains a challenging task. Here, we present CROPGRIDS – a comprehensive global, geo-referenced dataset providing information on areas for 173 crops circa the year 2020, at a resolution of 0.05° (~5.55 km at the equator). It represents a major update of the Monfreda et al. (2008) dataset, the most widely used geospatial dataset previously available, covering 175 crops with reference year 2000 at 10 km spatial resolution. CROPGRIDS updates Monfreda et al. (2008) through the careful evaluation of 26 published gridded datasets covering more recent crop information at regional, national, and global levels, largely over the period 2015–2020. The new product successfully updates the area extent for 80 of the 175 crops originally covered, representing an update to 1.2 billion hectares of crop area (i.e., 81 % of the total cropland included in CROPGRIDS). CROPGRIDS carries forward the crop type maps originally in Monfreda et al. (2008) for 93 crops as more recent information for these crops is not available. We compared CROPGRIDS harvested area of individual crops against independent national and subnational data from 36 National Statistical Offices (NSOs), national-level crop area data for more than 180 countries and territories from FAOSTAT, as well as geospatially, against a newly available high-resolution (30 m) cropland agreement map (Tubiello et al., 2023). Results indicated robustness against the available independent information, with CROPGRIDS world total harvested and crop areas around 1.5 billion hectares. To the best of our knowledge, CROPGRIDS represents the most comprehensive update of previous work on the subject area, offering a new benchmark of global gridded harvested and crop area data for the year circa 2020. CROPGRIDS dataset can be downloaded at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22491997 (Tang et al., 2023).
Who does Australia Lock Up? The Social Determinants of Justice
Authors: McCausland Ruth , Baldry Eileen
Published: April 2023

Crime rates are generally decreasing and governments in Australia (as elsewhere) have committed to reducing recidivism. However, incarceration rates of certain groups continue to rise, including Indigenous and racialised peoples, those experiencing poverty, mental health issues, addiction, homelessness and people with cognitive disability. A large proportion are in custody for minor offences and/or not yet sentenced; however, political leaders have continued to defend their detention on the grounds of risk to community safety. The sudden drop in people incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, without a commensurate rise in crime rates, highlighted the degree to which incarceration rates are a matter of policy decisions. For a time, public health priorities dominated criminal legal policies. Evidence on the social determinants of health that people experiencing social, economic, political and environmental disadvantage are more likely to experience poorer health outcomes has led to acceptance globally that public health policies must address systemic factors and not just focus on individual behaviour. In this article, we propose that a conceptual framework of the social determinants of justice could valuably inform efforts to reduce the criminalisation and incarceration of targeted and disadvantaged groups.
Pesquisa de Clima Organizacional x Satisfação dos funcionários: desafios, avanços e limitações
Authors: Gonçalves Laís de Souza , Silva Jeovana Cordeiro da , Espíndola Marcelo Agenor , Machado Daniel de Mello , Pereira Paulo César
Published: April 2023

A partir das mudanças nos modelos de gestão organizacional, evidenciou-se a necessidade de metodologias e ferramentas direcionadas para o desenvolvimento humano nas organizações. Nesta dimensão emerge a Pesquisa de Clima Organizacional que visa avaliar a mensuração de percepção dos profissionais com relação às organizações. Para tanto realizou-se um estudo descritivo e com caráter qualitativo com o objetivo de analisar os desafios, avanços e limitações associadas à pesquisa de clima organizacional e a relação com a satisfação dos funcionários. A partir dos dados coletados identificou-se que os gestores de Recursos Humanos são de fato como um canal de comunicação entre os trabalhadores e seus supervisores diretos, contribuindo principalmente para o direcionamento estratégico das empresas para um bom alinhamento do clima organizacional. Por outro lado, desafios associados à aplicação e aos planos de ação, ainda precisam ser superados. Como viés sugestivo, recomenda-se a aplicação da pesquisa em outras organizações do mesmo segmento.
O abandono do tratamento da tuberculose no Paraná entre o período de 2010 a 2021
Authors: Trevizani Filho Bruno , Breda Daiane
Published: April 2023

A Tuberculose é uma doença infectocontagiosa, cujo agente etiológico é o Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sendo transmitida através da via aérea por partículas do transmissor, atingindo mais a população de baixa renda. A tuberculose possui medicamentos eficazes contra a doença, sendo possível interromper a transmissão da doença e alcançando a cura. Porém um dos grandes problemas para o controle da tuberculose é a falta de adesão ao tratamento, muitos pacientes que possuem o diagnóstico abandonam o tratamento ou fazem uso irregular dos medicamentos, assim impedindo o controle da doença. O presente estudo que teve como objetivo analisar os casos de abandono ao tratamento da tuberculose durante o período de 2010 a 2021 no Paraná, em se tratando especificamente dos componentes sociodemográficos como faixa etária, gênero e microrregiões e outros componentes como a realização do tratamento diretamente observado (TDO). Foi realizado estudo descritivo, através dos dados notificados pelo SINAN. O trabalho demonstrou que no Paraná a taxa de abandono é 6,8%, sendo maior no sexo masculino entre 20-39 anos e o TDO não é fator que corrobora para o não abandono, Curitiba é a microrregião com a maior taxa de abandono com 37,78%. Com isso, percebeu-se que, apesar dos avanços obtidos pelo tratamento quimioterápico, ainda se nota uma carência nos serviços de Saúde e profissionais da saúde em manter uma maior relação com o paciente para que ocorra uma maior adesão ao tratamento.
The Continuity of Scientific Discovery and Its Communication: The Example of Michael Faraday
Authors: Gross Alan
Published: April 2023

This paper documents the cognitive strategies that led to Faraday’s first significant scientific discovery. For Faraday, discovery is essentially a matter seeing as, of substituting for the eye all possess the eye of analysis all scientists must develop. In the process of making his first significant discovery, Faraday learns to dismiss the magnetic attractions and repulsions he and others had observed; by means of systematic variations in his experimental set-up, he learns to see these motions as circular: it is the first indication that an electro-magnetic field exists. In communicating his discoveries, Faraday, of course, takes into consideration his various audiences’ varying needs and their differences in scientific competence; but whatever his audience, Faraday learns to convey what it feels like to do science, to shift from seeing to seeing as, from sight to insight.
Life Science Research and Drug Discovery at the Turn of the 21st Century: The Experience of SwissBioGrid
Authors: Den Besten Matthijs , Thomas Arthur J. , Schroeder Ralph
Published: April 2023

Background

It is often said that the life sciences are transforming into an information science. As laboratory experiments are starting to yield ever increasing amounts of data and the capacity to deal with those data is catching up, an increasing share of scientific activity is seen to be taking place outside the laboratories, sifting through the data and modelling “in silico” the processes observed “in vitro.” The transformation of the life sciences and similar developments in other disciplines have inspired a variety of initiatives around the world to create technical infrastructure to support the new scientific practices that are emerging. The e-Science programme in the United Kingdom and the NSF Office for Cyberinfrastructure are examples of these. In Switzerland there have been no such national initiatives. Yet, this has not prevented scientists from exploring the development of similar types of computing infrastructures. In 2004, a group of researchers in Switzerland established a project, SwissBioGrid, to explore whether Grid computing technologies could be successfully deployed within the life sciences. This paper presents their experiences as a case study of how the life sciences are currently operating as an information science and presents the lessons learned about how existing institutional and technical arrangements facilitate or impede this operation.

Results

SwissBioGrid gave rise to two pilot projects: one for proteomics data analysis and the other for high-throughput molecular docking (“virtual screening”) to find new drugs for neglected diseases (specifically, for dengue fever). The proteomics project was an example of a data management problem, applying many different analysis algorithms to Terabyte-sized datasets from mass spectrometry, involving comparisons with many different reference databases; the virtual screening project was more a purely computational problem, modelling the interactions of millions of small molecules with a limited number of protein targets on the coat of the dengue virus. Both present interesting lessons about how scientific practices are changing when they tackle the problems of large-scale data analysis and data management by means of creating a novel technical infrastructure.

Conclusions

In the experience of SwissBioGrid, data intensive discovery has a lot to gain from close collaboration with industry and harnessing distributed computing power. Yet the diversity in life science research implies only a limited role for generic infrastructure; and the transience of support means that researchers need to integrate their efforts with others if they want to sustain the benefits of their success, which are otherwise lost.
3D Medical Collaboration Technology to Enhance Emergency Healthcare
Authors: Welch Gregory F. , Sonnenwald Diane H. , Fuchs Henry , Cairns Bruce , Mayer-Patel Ketan , Söderholm Hanna M. , Yang Ruigang , State Andrei , Towles Herman , Ilie Adrian , Ampalam Manoj K. , Krishnan Srinivas , Noel Vincent , Noland Michael , Manning James E.
Published: April 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) videoconferencing has been explored widely in the past 15–20 years to support collaboration in healthcare. Two issues that arise in most evaluations of 2D videoconferencing in telemedicine are the difficulty obtaining optimal camera views and poor depth perception. To address these problems, we are exploring the use of a small array of cameras to reconstruct dynamic three-dimensional (3D) views of a remote environment and of events taking place within. The 3D views could be sent across wired or wireless networks to remote healthcare professionals equipped with fixed displays or with mobile devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs). The remote professionals’ viewpoints could be specified manually or automatically (continuously) via user head or PDA tracking, giving the remote viewers head-slaved or hand-slaved virtual cameras for monoscopic or stereoscopic viewing of the dynamic reconstructions. We call this idea remote 3D medical collaboration. In this article we motivate and explain the vision for 3D medical collaboration technology; we describe the relevant computer vision, computer graphics, display, and networking research; we present a proof-of-concept prototype system; and we present evaluation results supporting the general hypothesis that 3D remote medical collaboration technology could offer benefits over conventional 2D videoconferencing in emergency healthcare.
Tracking the Current Rise of Chinese Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnology
Authors: Lenoir Tim , Herron Patrick
Published: April 2023

Background: The Context and Purpose of the Study

Over the last decade China has emerged as a major producer of scientific publications, currently ranking second behind the US. During that time Chinese strategic policy initiatives have placed indigenous innovation at the heart of its economy while focusing internal R&D investments and the attraction of foreign investment in nanotechnology as one of their four top areas. China’s scientific research publication and nanotechnology research publication production has reached a rank of second in the world, behind only the US. Despite these impressive gains, some scholars argue that the quality of Chinese nanotech research is inferior to US research quality due to lower overall times cited rates, suggesting that the US is still the world leader. We combine citation analysis, text mining, mapping, and data visualization to gauge the development and application of nanotechnology in China, particularly in biopharmananotechnology, and to measure the impact of Chinese policy on nanotechnology research production.

Results, the main findings

Our text mining-based methods provide results that counter existing claims about Chinese nanotechnology research quality. Due in large part to its strategic innovation policy, China’s output of nanotechnology publications is on pace to surpass US production in or around 2012.A closer look at Chinese nanotechnology research literature reveals a large increase in research activity in China’s biopharmananotechnology research since the implementation in January, 2006 of China’s Medium & Long Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan Guidelines for the period 2006-2020 (“MLP”).

Conclusions

Since the implementation of the MLP, China has enjoyed a great deal of success producing bionano research findings while attracting a great deal of foreign investment from pharmaceutical corporations setting up advanced drug discovery operations. Given the combination of current scientific production growth as well as economic growth, a relatively low scientific capacity, and the ability of its policy to enhance such trends, China is in some sense already the new world leader in nanotechnology. Further, the Chinese national innovation system may be the new standard by which other national S&T policies should be measured.
Concepts and Synonymy in the UMLS Metathesaurus
Authors: Merrill Gary
Published: April 2023

This paper advances a detailed exploration of the complex relationships among terms, concepts, and synonymy in the UMLS Metathesaurus,

and proposes the study and understanding of the Metathesaurus from a model-theoretic perspective.

Initial sections provide the background and motivation for such an approach, and a careful informal treatment of these notions is offered as a context and basis for the formal analysis.

What emerges from this is a set of puzzles and confusions in the Metathesaurus and its literature pertaining to synonymy and its relation to terms and concepts.

A model theory for a segment of the Metathesaurus is then constructed, and its adequacy relative to the informal treatment is demonstrated.

Finally, it is shown how this approach clarifies and addresses the puzzles educed from the informal discussion, and how the model-theoretic perspective may be employed to evaluate some fundamental criticisms of the Metathesaurus.
MLTrends: Graphing MEDLINE term usage over time
Authors: Palidwor Gareth A , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A
Published: April 2023

The MEDLINE database of medical literature is routinely used by researchers and doctors to find articles pertaining to their area of interest. Insight into historical changes in research areas and use of scientific language may be gained by chronological analysis of the 18 million records currently in the database, however such analysis is generally complex and time consuming. The authors’ MLTrends web application graphs term usage in MEDLINE over time, allowing the determination of emergence dates for biomedical terms and historical variations in term usage intensity. Terms considered are individual words or quoted phrases which may be combined using Boolean operators. MLTrends can plot the number of records in MEDLINE per year whose titles or abstracts match each queried term for multiple terms simultaneously. The MEDLINE database is stored and indexed on the MLTrends server allowing queries to be completed and graphs generated in less than one second. Queries may be performed on all titles and/or abstracts in MEDLINE and can include stop words. The resulting graphs may be normalized by total publications or words per year to facilitate term usage comparison between years. This makes MLTrends a powerful tool for rapid evaluation of the evolution of biomedical research and language in a graphical way. MLTrends may be used at: http://www.ogic.ca/mltrends
Recall and bias of retrieving gene expression microarray datasets through PubMed identifiers
Authors: Piwowar Heather , Chapman Wendy
Published: April 2023

Background: The ability to locate publicly available gene expression microarray datasets effectively and efficiently facilitates the reuse of these potentially valuable resources. Centralized biomedical databases allow users to query dataset metadata descriptions, but these annotations are often too sparse and diverse to allow complex and accurate queries. In this study we examined the ability of PubMed article identifiers to locate publicly available gene expression microarray datasets, and investigated whether the retrieved datasets were representative of publicly available datasets found through statements of data sharing in the associated research articles.

Results: In a recent article, Ochsner and colleagues identified 397 studies that had generated gene expression microarray data. Their search of the full text of each publication for statements of data sharing revealed 203 publicly available datasets, including 179 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) or ArrayExpress databases. Our scripted search of GEO and ArrayExpress for PubMed identifiers of the same 397 studies returned 160 datasets, including six not found by the original search for data sharing statements. As a proportion of datasets found by either method, the search for data sharing statements identified 91.4% of the 209 publicly available datasets, compared to only 76.6% found by our search carried out using PubMed identifiers. Searching GEO or ArrayExpress alone retrieved 63.2% and 46.9% of all available datasets, respectively. There was no difference in the type of datasets found by PubMed identifier searches in terms of research theme or the technology used. However, the studies identified were more likely to have larger sample sizes, were more frequently cited, and published in higher impact journals. Conclusions: Searching database entries using PubMed identifiers can identify the majority of publicly available datasets, but caution is required when this method is used to collect data for policy evaluation since studies in low impact journals are disproportionately excluded. We urge authors of all datasets to complete the citation fields for their dataset submissions once publication details are known, thereby ensuring their work has maximum visibility and can contribute to subsequent studies.