bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planificación de Inventarios y Costo de Capital en las MYPES de dispositivos médicos - Cercado de Lima
Authors: Chávez Bravo Juan Carlos
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre la planificación de inventarios y el costo de capital en las MYPES de Cercado de Lima dedicadas a la comercialización de dispositivos médicos. Método: El tipo de estudio fue correlacional para lo cual se diseñó una investigación no experimental de corte transversal. La población de estudio fue determinada por las 07 MYPES comercializadoras de dispositivos médicos del Cercado de Lima. La prueba de hipótesis se realizó mediante el modelo de regresión lineal simple procesando los datos en el software estadístico SPSS21. Resultados: Se determinó, según la comprobación de las hipótesis con base a los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson, que en las MYPES analizadas existe una deficiente planificación de inventarios dado que no cuentan con una adecuada política de compras, lo cual genera un exceso de existencias y pérdidas por obsolescencia de productos. Conclusiones: El estudio concluye que la planificación de inventarios se relaciona directamente con el aumento en el costo de capital de las MYPES que comercializan dispositivos médicos, toda vez que se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de 0,736, ello significa que, sin una óptima planificación de inventarios mayores son los incrementos en el costo de capital.
capacidades socioafectivas y el comportamiento proambiental
Authors: Solís Mendoza July Jacinta
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el desarrollo de capacidades socioafectivas y el comportamiento pro ambiental de los niños de la Institución Educativa Inicial N° 068 del distrito de El Agustino en el año 2019. Material y método: En la investigación se utilizaron fichas de información y una encuesta; estas fueron aplicadas a 90 estudiantes de educación 4 y 5 años de la institución Educativa Inicial N° 068 del Distrito El Agustino, Lima. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron validados a través del juicio de expertos y su confiabilidad fue establecida mediante el coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach con valores de 0,976 y 0,972 para el caso de la ficha de información y la encuesta respectivamente. En este trabajo de investigación se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa y un diseño descriptivo correlacional. Resultado: Se determinó que las variables de estudio tienen una relación; lineal, altamente significativa con coeficiente Rho de Spearman de 0,976. Conclusión: Existe una relación el desarrollo de las capacidades socioafectivas con el comportamiento proambiental en los niños de 4 y 5 años.
CÁC CHIẾN LƯỢC ĐÁNH GIÁ QUÁ TRÌNH VÌ SỰ TIẾN BỘ CỦA NGƯỜI HỌC
Authors: Tăng Thị Thùy , Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Lệ
Published: May 2021

Bài viết này nhằm mục đích tổng quan và làm rõ khái niệm và vai trò của đánh giá quá trình (ĐGQT) trong hoạt động kiểm tra đánh giá kết quả học tập, trong đó nhấn mạnh năm chiến lược ĐGQT vì sự tiến bộ của người học. Các chiến lược này bao gồm: chia sẻ mục tiêu dạy học, thu thập minh chứng, tự đánh giá, đánh giá đồng đẳng, phản hồi (Leahy, Lyon, Thompson và Wiliam, 2005). Kết quả cho thấy có nhiều nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng giáo viên/giảng viên (GV) sử dụng các chiến lược ĐGQT này ở các cấp học đã làm tăng kết quả học tập của người học (NH) và vì sự tiến bộ của người học. Vì thế việc sử dụng các chiến lược đánh giá quá trình là cần thiết và nên được khuyến nghị để giáo viên/ giảng viên các cấp học sử dụng.
Religioteinment Sebagai Fenomena Globalisasi: Sebuah Perspektif Antropologi Agama
Authors: Nayuf Henderikus
Published: May 2021

The focus of research in this paper is the impact of the online worship phenomenon when the government instructs all community activities, including worship, to be carried out from home. In principle, worship anywhere, open a problem for Christians. However, when the issue of worship is linked to the issue of consumerism and globalization, what appears is the relogical protein style. The principles of worship are calculated based on the terms digital marketplace and infoteinment. This is where the phenomenological approach can be used as a "scalpel" in seeing the value and meaning of consumerism and globalization from the perspective of religious anthropology. The result is that advances in communication technology must contribute to humanity. Humans must be placed as subjects in the use of communication technology to fulfill their spiritual needs.
Saúde mental de crianças e seus cuidadores diante da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Santos Mikaele , Parente Bárbara , Lima Gabriele , Mariano Daphny , Carvalho Mayhara
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo busca contextualizar as experiências vividas no enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19, por uma equipe multiprofissional de residentes em Saúde Mental InfantoJuvenil, em um Centro Especializado de Reabilitação do Distrito Federal (CER II). Tem como objetivo identificar os impactos sofridos na saúde mental devido ao isolamento social por COVID-19 nas famílias atendidas (crianças e seus cuidadores) e explorar as contribuições da residência multiprofissional no enfrentamento desse cenário. O referencial teórico utilizado foi embasado pelos princípios do SUS, pela Política Nacional de Saúde Mental e pelo ECA. As intervenções descritas foram realizadas em um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação em Taguatinga/ Distrito Federal, com 45 pacientes e familiares atendidos no Programa de Estimulação Precoce pela equipe da pediatria. As intervenções foram realizadas através de ligações telefônicas consentidas pelos cuidadores e responsáveis e tinham como objetivo principal a orientação familiar e monitoramento do quadro da criança e do contexto familiar. Por fim, constata-se que apesar das circunstâncias adversas, o serviço ofertado às crianças e seus cuidadores tem sido relevante para a preservação da saúde mental e continuidade do tratamento, além de um desafio e também um aprendizado para a equipe multiprofissional.
Residência em saúde da família do campo e o enfrentamento a COVID-19: relato de experiência
Authors: Deisyelle Sibaldina Da Almeida Maria , Ribeiro da Silva Fellype , Caroline Nascimento da Silva Nicole , Maria de Assumpção Costa Ferreira Priscilla , Correia de Lemos Emmanuelly , Lages Itamar
Published: May 2021

A pandemia da COVID-19 é a principal causa de mudança e adaptação em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as ações desenvolvidas pelas Equipes de Saúde da Família do Campo no contexto da COVID-19 a partir das vivências de residentes. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência, realizado no período de março a maio de 2020. Utilizou-se os registros dos diários de campo e portfólios dos residentes e foram criadas três categorias analíticas para sistematização das experiências. Foi evidenciado que para manter as ações da atenção primária no contexto da COVID-19, foram pontos chaves: reuniões sistemáticas de equipe, educação permanente, atuação dos residentes do campo e a utilização de diferentes recursos para comunicação. Com isso, é essencial no enfrentamento da atual pandemia, necessitando-se fazer desta uma forte protagonista neste momento de fortalecimento do modelo universal, integral, equânime e interprofissional.
A Longitudinal Study on the Chemical Knowledge of Prospective University Students
Authors: Waitz Thomas
Published: May 2021

Many universities face the challenge that high dropout rates (e.g. ~ 30 % in chemistry in Germany) are observed in higher education. Accordingly, the college readiness of prospective students is doubted. In this context this article focuses on the content-specific and cognitive characteristic as part of the college readiness. Within four years we examined the responses from more than 500 prospective students who participated in a content-specific prior knowledge test in chemistry. Overall, we found that content-specific prior knowledge test and average Abitur grade (final highschool grade) remained almost constant. In addition, a low correlation between the content-specific knowledge and the average Abitur grade was found. Finally, only deficits and strengths in individual subject areas of chemistry could be identified throughout the years, which are presented in this article as examples.
TESAWWUF AS A METHOD OF SPIRITUAL EDUCATION
Authors: Valjevac Mensur , Valjevac Mina
Published: May 2021

Tesawwuf is an authentic Islamic science like fiqh, tafsir, hadith, and similar. Tasawwuf is not mysticism, nor philosophy, but the essence of Islamic spirituality. Gnosis and education are its two main determinants, so it is embedded in the core of the Islamic concept of education. This was confirmed by Gazi-Husrev bey, a founder of high religious education in our region, who just next to his Madrasah built the Hanikah School for Spiritual Education, the attendance of which was an integral part of education in that time. The Islamic community and its educational institutions have an overwhelming need for the reintroduction and revitalization of the subject of tesawwuf in curricula, as a modern method of spiritual education.
THE IMPACT OF QIRA’ATS ON PRAYER REGULATIONS
Authors: Husejnović Safet
Published: May 2021

Qira'ats present a very significant study of the Qur'an in terms of understanding and interpreting the Qur'anic text. They are not only exotic styles of voice variations and modulation, but an integral part of the language of the Qur'an, its lexical, morphological and syntactic structure. Understanding that aspect is a prerequisite for a correct interpretation of the greatest part of the Qur'anic text. The Qur'an is the first source of Islamic law. Based on its text, general and specific Sharia norms were derived. This aspect of the Qur'an has always been a subject of interest for numerous Islamic scholars in the context of the interpretation of normative ayats – ayat al-ahkam.
The Exalted Allah orders Muslims to keep their prayers, perform them at a certain time, and in particular, the middle prayer. There are different opinions of Islamic scholars regarding the dilemma: which is the middle prayer? Following the Hadith of the Prophet of Allah, s .a.w.s., we find out it is the Asr prayer. Furthermore, the hazrat Aisha 's narration and the Qira'at Ubejj ibn Ka'ba confirmed the attitude of the majority of Islamic scholars that the middle prayer is the Asr prayer.
This paper presents the Sharia-legal comments of well-known Islamic scholars about prayer regulations, but only from the aspect of Qira'ats. In addition, the paper shows how and to what extent Islamic scholars relied on Qira'ats while establishing, deriving and presenting Sharia norms, starting from the fact that Mezhep- legal dispute, to a certain extent, arouse from different Qira'ats, as well as from different morphological, grammatical and stylistic analyses.
BUILDING RAPPORT WITH YOUNG EFL LEARNERS AND ITS IMPACT ON THEIR ACHIEVEMENT IN AN EFL LEARNING CONTEXT
Authors: Žunić-Rizvić Lejla , Dubravac Vildana
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to stress the importance of building rapport with young EFL (English as a foreign language) learners and to investigate the connection between student-teacher rapport and students’ achievement in an EFL classroom. It also treats some methods and approaches that should be used when teaching young language learners with respect to their needs and characteristics. In addition, this paper describes the importance of motivation for language acquisition and explores some motivational strategies for young language learners.
The paper also aims at inspiring EFL teachers to focus on dimensions of language teaching which are associated with pedagogical aspects of teaching and are focused on creating positive student-teacher relations. The positive classroom atmosphere in which students feel safe and comfortable is considered essential for their success in language learning.
Metabolic Syndrome Components Correlation with Colorectal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis
Authors: El Herrag Salah Eddine , Traoré Youssouf , Khaled Meghit Boumediene
Published: May 2021

Background: Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a higher risk of developing colorectal neoplasms (CRN) including colorectal adenoma (CRA) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonetheless, the role and implication of each component of the syndrome, i.e. (hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and visceral obesity) are not well ascertained. Aims: We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis in order to assess the association between MetS components and CRN. Methods and Material: A systematic literature search using the PubMed database was performed with the objective of identifying relevant English studies. Effect estimates were measured. Heterogeneity, subgroup, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias analyses were performed. Results: Thirty-one studies met our inclusion criteria. Generally, subjects with hyperglycemia (RR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.14-1.54), high waist circumference (RR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.19-1.42), high triglycerides (RR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.13-1.49), and hypertension (RR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.17-1.36) showed a stronger positive significant association with CRA formation risk. A similar pattern was found between high fasting blood glucose (RR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.23-1.47) and high blood pressure (RR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.20-1.37) with CRC incidence. A moderate association was found between hypertriglyceridemia and visceral obesity with CRC risk. Conversely, no significant association was found between low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) with both outcomes. Conclusions: Our results indicate that hyperglycemia, hypertension, visceral obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia increases CRA and CRC risk. Low HDL-C has no significant effect on those outcomes.

Keywords: Colorectal neoplasms, hyperglycemia, hypertension, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, meta-analysis.
Insights into the epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma in North Africa and the Middle East
Authors: Marwan  Ghosn  , Jaloudi Mohammed , Larbaoui Blaha , Salim Adib , Dreosti Lydia
Published: May 2021

Purpose - Recent improvements in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with the introduction of targeted agents, have increased the need of accurate data on its epidemiology. This descriptive study was designed to collate comprehensiveinformation on RCC epidemiology from North Africa and the Middle East, which could provide the basis for further research.Methods - A network of reference oncologists in North Africa and the Middle East were invited to share all available national and regional information on RCC epidemiology, captured in a comprehensive questionnaire. No statistical analysis wasplanned as the intention was to conduct a purely descriptive study.Results - The results reported that the incidence of RCC within the region is in the range of 0.9–2.35/100,000 for men (with Lebanon as an exception at 4.3/100,000 for men) and 0.5– 1.7/100,000 for women, which is considerably lower than in Europe and the USA. No mortality or survival data are available. The age at diagnosis (mean <60 years) is lower than in Western countries and a high proportion of patients in North Africa and the Middle East (21?45%) have metastatic disease at diagnosis.Conclusions - The information presented here provides a more complete and current picture of RCC in North Africa and the Middle East; however, there are still gaps in the data. Further research is needed to allow planning of treatmentstrategies and resource allocation.
Médulloblastome extra-axial dans l’angle ponto-cérébelleux : A propos d’un cas avec revue de la littérature
Authors: Souad Daoud  , Ryad Ayoun Abdelmoumene , Mimouni Elmahdi Mustapha , Gasmi Abbes , Bouchakour Maamer
Published: May 2021

Nous rapportons un cas rare de médulloblastome extra axial siégeant au niveaude l’angle ponto-cérébelleux chez une enfant de 4 ans. Cette tumeur s’est manifestée par un tableau d’hyper tension intracrânienne avec altération de l’état de conscience évoluant depuis deux mois. Le scanner cérébral retrouvait unemasse spontanément hyper dense plaquée contre la paroi postérieure du rocher gauche associée a une dilatation modérée du système ventriculaire sus-tentoriel.La patiente a été opérée en urgence de sa tumeur cérébrale. L’évolution clinique post opératoire était satisfaisante. Le  diagnostic de médulloblastome a été confirmé par l’histopathologie.
La théranostique : une combinaison innovante pour le diagnostic et la thérapie des cancers
Authors: Nassima Mouassaoui
Published: May 2021

La recherche en cancérologie doit répondre à un double défi : le diagnostic précoce des tumeurs pour permettre une thérapie efficace et le développement de nouvelles thérapies ciblées. Dans la lutte contre le cancer, les recherches actuelles s’orientent vers les nanotechnologies (nanomédicaments) qui présentent de nouvelles approches de diagnostic et de traitement : théranostique. Cet article traite de l’apport des nanotechnologies pour la conception de nouveaux médicaments destinés à la thérapeutique et au diagnostic.
JFMO : N°2, Septembre 2017 193 Lymphome T hépato-splénique et maladie de Crohn
Authors: Mouna GOURINE  , SAADI Samir , ARRAR Mohammed , CHERRAK Anwer , CHAMI Mohammed Amine
Published: May 2021

Introduction - Le lymphome T hépato-splénique (LTHS) est un lymphome extra-ganglionnaire rare appartenant au groupe des lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens (LMNH). Ce lymphome, dont les manifestations cliniques sont systémiques, comporte des signes constitutionnels associés à une splénomégalie et/ou une hépatomégalie et se singularise par l’absence d’adénopathies associées. L’infiltration tumorale intra-sinusoïdale de la moëlle osseuse, de la rate et/ou du foie par des lymphocytes T atypiques à l’immunophénotypage caractéristique permet d’en confirmer le diagnostic. De pronostic péjoratif, il atteint généralement des sujets jeunes, plus souvent de sexe masculin. Il peut survenir de novo, ou dans un contexte d’immunodépression, d’hémopathies ou de maladie dysimmunitaire, en particulier de maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin dont la maladie de Crohn.Observation - Nous rapportons l’observation d’une patiente atteinte d’un LTHS dans un contexte de maladie de Crohn méconnue.
Fréquences phénotypiques et alléliques ABO Rhésus chez les donneurs de sang à Oran
Authors: Tahar Deba  , Ayad Sarah , Setti Hichem , Lahmer Anouar , Hammadi Mohamed
Published: May 2021

Introduction - L’objectif de cette étude est d’estimer les fréquences phénotypiques et géniques des systèmes ABO et Rhésus (D) chez les donneurs de sang à Oran.Matériels et méthode - Il s’agit d’une enquête descriptive de type transversal visant à quantifier la distribution des groupes sanguins ABO et Rhésus HD chez les donneurs de sang. Elle a été effectuée au niveau du Centre de Transfusion Sanguine (CTS) du CHU d’Oran de Décembre 2012 à Mars 2013. Un échantillon aléatoire a été constitué à partir des donneurs de sang recrutés au CTS. Les données ont été recueillies sur la fiche du candidat au don. Le groupage sanguin ABO-RH a été réalisé par une technique d’hémagglutination. La saisie et l’analyse des données ont été effectuées respectivement sur les programmes Epidata Version 3.1 et SPSS V.20.Résultats - Au total, 6671 donneurs de sang ont participé à l’étude. Les fréquences phénotypiques ABO observées sont : 2335 (35%), 1134 (17%), 333 (5%) etde 2869 (43%) respectivement pour les groupes A, B, AB et O. Cinq individus sont Du, inclus dans le phénotype D positif, et 88 % des donneurs de sang sont de Rhésus positif. Le gène O représente 66 % de l’effectif, suivi par le gène A avec une fréquence de 22% et le gène B avec une fréquence de 12%. Le gène D est prédominant (66%) comparé au gène d.Conclusion - Cette étude a permis de déterminer les fréquences phénotypiques et géniques des groupes sanguins ABO Rhésus (D) dans la population générale à Oran.
Facteurs prédictifs de rémission partielle dans le diabète de type 1: à propos d’une cohorte de 117 enfants et adolescents
Authors: Zennaki Amel , NACEUR Malika , LATROCH Charef , AOUI Asma , GHARNOUTI Mounia , Taleb Nesma Ourida , BOUZIANE-NEDJADI Karim , BOUDRAA Ghazalia , TOUHAMI Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

Introduction / objectifs - Dans le diabète de type 1, la rémission partielle a uneffet bénéfique sur les complications aigues et chroniques. Notre objectif était dedécrire la rémission partielle et d’identifier ses facteurs prédictifs dans une cohorted’enfants et d’adolescents atteints de cette maladie.Patients et méthodes - Les enfants et adolescents âgés de moins de 15 ans, admisentre juin 2013 et juillet 2014, ayant débuté l’insulinothérapie moins d’un moisavant leur admission ont été inclus dans l’étude.Résultats - Cent-dix-sept (117) nouveaux cas ont été étudiés avec un sex-ratio de0,86, ont été analysés. A l’admission, l’âge moyen était de 8,2± 4,3 ans. L’acidocétoseinaugurale était présente dans 26 % des cas. La rémission (moins de 0,5 U/Kg/j d’insuline et HbA1c? 7,5%) a été obtenue chez 21 enfants, soit dans 17,95 %des cas avec une durée moyenne de 5,2 ± 4,2 mois (min. 3-max. 15). La rémissionétait significativement plus fréquente chez les enfants qui n’avaient pas présentéd’acidocétose inaugurale (p< 0,01), chez ceux qui n’avaient pas de germains atteintsde DT1 (p< 0,05) et chez les filles (p< 0,02). Il n’y avait pas de relation significativeavec le taux d’HbA1c à l’admission, le niveau d’instruction ou d’occupationmaternelle, l’origine géographique et l’âge.Conclusions - L’acidocétose au diagnostic est un facteur prédictif négatif de rémissionpartielle. L’absence de DT1 chez les germains et le sexe féminin sont desfacteurs prédictifs de rémission propres à notre contexte de travail.
Neuropathie Héréditaire avec Hypersensibilité à la Pression révélée par une Polyradiculonévrite Inflammatoire Démyélinisante Chronique. A propos d’un cas avec revue de littérature
Authors: Djamila Mahmoudi  , Ababou Nadjia , Mati Mounia , Daoudi Smail
Published: May 2021

Introduction - La Neuropathie héréditaire avec hypersensibilité à la pression est uneneuropathie sensitivomotrice à transmission autosomique dominante, liée à une délétiondu gène PMP22 sur le chromosome 17p11.2. Son association à une neuropathieacquise dysimmunitaire telle qu’une polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire démyélinisantechronique est rare.Observation - Nous rapportons le cas d’un patient âgé de 31 ans, qui a présentéun tableau d’une polyradiculonévrite inflammatoire chronique démyélinisante sensitivemultifocale douloureuse, huit semaines après une chirurgie d’un syndromedu canal carpien droit. Le patient n’avait aucun signe anamnestique ou cliniqueévoquant une neuropathie héréditaire avec hypersensibilité à la pression maisl’électroneuromyogramme nous a orienté vers cette neuropathie et l’analysegénétique a confirmé la délétion PMP22.
Le syndrome de CLIPPERS: une cause rare de rhombencéphalite à ne pas méconnaitre !
Authors: Sonia NOUIOUA  , BEGHDADI Khedidja , HECHAM Nassima , KEDIHA Med Islam , TAZIR Meriem , ALI PACHA Lamia
Published: May 2021

Le syndrome de CLIPPERS (chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids) est une pathologie inflammatoire rare du système nerveux central (SNC) impliquant principalement le tronc cérébral et en particulier la protubérance. Récemment décrite en 2010 par l’équipe de la Mayo Clinic [1] à partir d’une série de 8 patients, cette entité est caractérisée par une inflammation lymphocytaire chronique avec rehaussement périvasculaire, répondant aux corticostéroïdes. Le tableau clinique est dominé par l’installation subaiguë de signes cérébelleux et du tronc cérébral. Une atteinte médullaire associée est possible. L’imagerie par résonance magnétique cérébrale révèle des lésions protubérantielles périvasculaires rehaussées après injection de contraste avec l’apparence d’un « saupoudrage » ou un aspect « poivre et sel » très caractéristique. La biopsie, lorsqu’elle est réalisée, montre des infiltrats lymphocytaires angiocentriques prédominant sur les lymphocytes T. La pathogénie du syndrome de CLIPPERS est toujours mal élucidée et la position nosologique de CLIPPERS reste à établir. En l’absence d’un biomarqueur spécifique, il représente actuellement un véritable enjeu diagnostique s’agissant de le considérer comme une affection unique ou un syndrome clinico-radiologique étiologiquement hétérogène [2].
ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA INCLUSÃO SOCIAL NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Martinello Fabio Augusto , Scavassa Wilmar Andolfato , Sotero Andrea Luiza Escarabelo
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem como enfoque demonstrar a empregabilidade e a inclusão social das pessoas com deficiência, em atendimento ao artigo 93 da Lei n.º 8.213/91, que estabeleceu cotas para contratação de Pessoas com Deficiência nas empresas. O estudo realizará uma análise crítica com o intuito de desconstruir a imagem do indivíduo deficiente como incapaz, desprovido de qualidades e oneroso, demonstrando outra faceta de que é indivíduo capaz, produtivo, dotado de qualificação profissional, sendo um trabalho árduo e lento, que deve ser compreendido com um compromisso social de diversas áreas, quando se pensa em promover condições mais igualitárias para o desenvolvimento humano e criar condições para que o contexto o qualifique, favorecendo o estabelecimento de interações sociais. O trabalho demonstrará a importância da inclusão social das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, promovendo a diversidade, respeitando as diferenças individuais, com o intuito de reduzir as desigualdades sociais.
Ammonium nitrate promotes sulfate formation through uptake kinetic regime
Authors: Liu Yongchun , Feng Zeming , Zheng Feixue , Bao Xiaolei , Liu Pengfei , Ge Yanli , Zhao Yan , Jiang Tao , Liao Yunwen , Zhang Yusheng , Fan Xiaolong , Yan Chao , Chu Biwu , Wang Yonghong , Du Wei , Cai Jing , Bianch Federico , Petäjä Tuukka , Mu Yujing , He Hong , Kulmala Markku
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Although the anthropogenic emissions of SO2 have decreased significantly in China, the decrease in SO42− in PM2.5 is much smaller than that of SO2. This implies an enhanced formation rate of SO42− in the ambient air, and the mechanism is still under debate. This work investigated the formation mechanism of particulate sulfate based on statistical analysis of long-term observations in Shijiazhuang and Beijing supported with flow tube experiments. Our main finding was that the SOR was exponentially correlated with ambient RH in Shijiazhuang (SOR = 0.15 + 0.0032exp(RH/16.2)) and Beijing (SOR = −0.045 + 0.12exp(RH/37.8)). In Shijiazhuang, the SOR is linearly correlated with the ratio of aerosol water content (AWC) in PM2.5 (SOR = 0.15 + 0.40AWC/PM2.5). Kinetics studies suggest that uptake of SO2 instead of oxidation of S(IV) in particle-phase is the rate determining step for sulfate formation. NH4NO3 plays an important role in the AWC and the transition of particle phase, which is a crucial factor determining the uptake kinetics of SO2 and the enhanced SOR during haze days. Our results show that NH3 significantly promoted the uptake of SO2, subsequently, the SOR, while NO2 had little influence on SO2 uptake and SOR in the presence of NH3.
A minimum curvature algorithm for tomographic reconstruction of atmospheric chemicals based on optical remote sensing
Authors: Li Sheng , Du Ke
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Optical remote sensing (ORS) combined with computerized tomography (CT) technique is a powerful tool to retrieve a two-dimensional concentration map over the area under investigation. But unlike the medical CT, the beam number used in ORS-CT is usually dozens comparing to up to hundreds of thousands in the former, which severely limits the spatial resolution and the quality of the reconstructed map. This situation makes the “smoothness” a priori information especially necessary for ORS-CT. Algorithms which produce smooth reconstructions include smooth basis function minimization (SBFM), grid translation and multiple grid (GT-MG), and low third derivative (LTD), among which the LTD algorithm is a promising one with fast speed and simple realization. But its characteristics and the theory basis are not clear. Moreover, the computation efficiency and the reconstruction quality need to be improved for practical applications. This paper employs two theories, i.e., Tikhonov regularization and spatial interpolation, to produce a smooth reconstruction by ORS-CT. Within the two theories’ frameworks, new algorithms can be explored in order to improve the performance. For example, we propose a new minimum curvature (MC) algorithm based on the variational approach in the theory of the spatial interpolation, which reduces the number of linear equations by half comparing to that in the LTD algorithm using the biharmonic equation instead of the smoothness seminorm. We compared our MC algorithm with the non-negative least square (NNLS), GT-MG, and LTD algorithms using multiple test maps. The MC and the LTD algorithms have similar performance on the reconstruction quality. But the MC algorithm needs only about 65 % computation time of the LTD algorithm. It is much simpler in realization than the GT-MG algorithm by using high-resolution grids directly during the reconstruction process to generate a high-resolution map immediately after one reconstruction process is done. Comparing to the traditional NNLS algorithm, it shows better performance in three aspects: (1) the nearness of reconstructed maps is improved by more than 50 %; (2) the peak location accuracy is improved by 1–2 m; and (3) the exposure error is improved by more than 10 times. The testing results show the effectiveness of the new algorithm based on the spatial interpolation theory. Similarly, other algorithms may also be formulated to address problems such as the over-smooth issue in order to further improve the reconstruction equality. The studies will promote the practical application of the ORS-CT mapping of atmospheric chemicals.
Model simulations of arctic biogeochemistry and permafrost extent are highly sensitive to the implemented snow scheme
Authors: Pongracz Alexandra , Wårlind David , Miller Paul A. , Parmentier Frans-Jan W.
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The Arctic is warming rapidly, especially in winter, which is causing large-scale reductions in snow cover. Snow is one of the main controls on soil thermodynamics, and changes in its thickness and extent affect both permafrost thaw and soil biogeochemistry. Since soil respiration during the cold season potentially offsets carbon uptake during the growing season, it is essential to achieve a realistic simulation of the effect of snow cover on soil conditions to more accurately project the direction of arctic carbon-climate feedbacks under continued winter warming. The Lund-Potsdam-Jena General Ecosystem Simulator (LPJ-GUESS) dynamic vegetation model has used – up until now – a single layer snow scheme, which underestimated the insulation effect of snow, leading to a cold bias in soil temperature. To address this shortcoming, we developed and integrated a dynamic, multi-layer snow scheme in LPJ-GUESS. The new snow scheme performs well in simulating the insulation of snow at hundreds of locations across Russia compared to observations. We show that improving this single physical factor enhanced simulations of permafrost extent compared to an advanced permafrost product. Besides soil thermodynamics, the new snow scheme resulted in increased winter respiration and an overall lower soil carbon content due to warmer soil conditions. The Dynamic scheme also influenced vegetation dynamics, resulting in an improved vegetation distribution and tundra-taiga boundary simulation. This study highlights the importance of a correct representation of snow in ecosystem models to project biogeochemical processes that govern climate feedbacks. The new dynamic snow scheme is an essential improvement in the simulation of cold season processes, which reduces the uncertainty of model projections. These developments contribute to a better understanding of the Arctic's role in the global climate system.
Accounting for surface waves improves gas flux estimation at high wind speed in a large lake
Authors: Perolo Pascal , Fernández Castro Bieito , Escoffier Nicolas , Lambert Thibault , Bouffard Damien , Perga Marie-Elodie
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The gas transfer velocity (k) is a major source of uncertainty when assessing the magnitude of lake gas exchange with the atmosphere. For the diversity of existing empirical and process-based k models, the transfer velocity increases with the level of turbulence near the air-water interface. However, predictions for k can vary by a factor of 2 among different models. Near-surface turbulence results from the action of wind shear, surface waves and buoyancy-driven convection. Wind shear has long been identified as a key driver, while recent lake studies have shifted the focus towards the role of convection, particularly in small lakes. In large lakes, wind fetch can however be long enough to generate surface waves and contribute to enhance gas transfer, as widely recognised in oceanographic studies. Here, field values for gas transfer velocity were computed in a large hardwater lake, Lake Geneva, from CO2 fluxes measured with an automated (forced diffusion) flux chamber and CO2 partial pressure measured with high frequency sensors. k estimates were compared to a set of reference limnological and oceanic k models. Our analysis reveals that accounting for surface waves generated during windy events significantly improves the accuracy of k estimates in this large lake. The improved k model is then used to compute k over a one-year time-period. Results show that episodic extreme events with surface waves (6 % occurrence, significant wave height > 0.4 m) can generate more than 20 % of annual cumulative k and more than 25 % of annual net CO2 fluxes in Lake Geneva. We conclude that for lakes whose fetch can exceed 15 km, k-models need to integrate the effect of surface waves.
GIS dataset: geomorphological record of terrestrial-terminating ice streams, southern sector of Baltic Ice Stream Complex, last Scandinavian Ice Sheet, Poland
Authors: Szuman Izabela , Kalita Jakub Z. , Ewertowski Marek W. , Clark Chris D. , Livingstone Stephen J. , Kasprzak Leszek
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Here we present a comprehensive dataset of glacial geomorphological features covering an area of 65 000 km2 in central west Poland, located along the southern sector of the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet, within the limits of the Baltic Ice Stream Complex. The GIS dataset is based on mapping from a 0.4 m high-resolution Digital Elevation Model derived from airborne Light Detection and Ranging data. Ten landform types have been mapped: Mega-Scale Glacial Lineations, drumlins, marginal features (moraine chains, abrupt margins, edges of ice-contact fans), ribbed moraines, tunnel valleys, eskers, geometrical ridge networks and hill-hole pairs. The map comprises 5461 individual landforms or landform parts, which are available as vector layers in GeoPackage format at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4570570 (Szuman et al., 2021a). These features constitute a valuable data source for reconstructing and modelling the last Scandinavian Ice Sheet extent and dynamics from the Middle Weichselian Scandinavian Ice Sheet advance, 50–30 ka BP, through the Last Glacial Maximum, 25–21 ka BP and Young Baltic Advances, 18–15 ka BP. The presented data are particularly useful for modellers, geomorphologists and glaciologists.
Cosmic-Ray neutron Sensor PYthon tool (crspy): An open-source tool for the processing of cosmic-ray neutron and soil moisture data
Authors: Power Daniel , Rico-Ramirez Miguel Angel , Desilets Sharon , Desilets Darin , Rosolem Rafael
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Understanding soil moisture dynamics at the sub-kilometre scale is increasingly important especially with continuous development of hyper-resolution land-surface and hydrological models. Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensors (CRNS) are able to provide estimates of soil moisture at this elusive scale and networks of these sensors have been expanding across the world over the previous decade. However, each network currently implements its own protocol when processing raw data into soil moisture estimates. As a consequence, this lack of a harmonized global dataset can ultimately lead to limitations in the global assessment of the CRNS technology from multiple networks. Here we present crspy, an open-source python tool that is designed to facilitate the processing of raw CRNS data into soil moisture estimates in an easy and harmonized way. We outline the basic structure of this tool discussing the correction methods used as well as discussing the metadata that crspy can create about each site. Metadata can add value to global scale studies of field scale soil moisture estimates by providing additional routes to understanding catchment similarities and differences. We demonstrate that current differences in processing methodologies can lead to misinterpretations when comparing sites from different networks and having a tool to provide a harmonized dataset can help to mitigate these issues. By being open source, crspy can also serve as a development and testing tool for new understanding of the CRNS technology as well as being used as a teaching tool for the community.
Assessment of the Finite VolumE Sea Ice Ocean Model (FESOM2.0), Part II: Partial bottom cells, embedded sea ice and vertical mixing library CVMIX
Authors: Scholz Patrick , Sidorenko Dmitry , Danilov Sergey , Wang Qiang , Koldunov Nikolay , Sein Dmitry , Jung Thomas
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The second part of the assessment and evaluation of the unstructured-mesh Finite-volumE Sea ice-Ocean Model version 2.0 (FESOM2.0) is presented. It focuses on the performance of partial cells, embedded sea ice and on the effect of mixing parameterisations available through the CVMIX package. It is shown that partial cells and embedded sea ice lead to significant improvements in the representation of the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current as well as the circulation of the Arctic Ocean. In addition to the already existing Pacanowski and Phillander (fesom_PP) and K-profile (fesom_KPP) parameterisations for vertical mixing in FESOM2.0, we document the impact of several mixing parameterisations from the Community Vertical Mixing (CVMIX) project library. Among them are the CVMIX versions of Pacanowski and Phillander (cvmix_PP) and K-profile (cvmix_KPP) parameterisations, the tidal mixing parameterisation (cvmix_TIDAL), a vertical mixing parameterisation based on turbulent kinetic energy (cvmix_TKE) as well as a combination of cvmix_TKE and the recent scheme for the computation of the Internal Wave Dissipation, Energy and Mixing (IDEMIX). The IDEMIX parameterises the redistribution of internal wave energy through wave propagation, nonlinear interactions and the associated imprint on the vertical background diffusivity. Further, the benefit from using a parameterisation of sea ice melt season mixing in the surface layer (MOMIX) for reducing Southern Ocean hydrographic biases in FESOM2.0 is presented. We document the implementation of different model components and illustrate their behaviour. This paper serves primarily as a reference for FESOM users but is also useful to the broader modelling community.
An electrochemical cell for in operando 13C nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of carbon dioxide/carbonate processes in aqueous solution
Authors: Jovanovic Sven , Schleker P. Philipp M. , Streun Matthias , Merz Steffen , Jakes Peter , Schatz Michael , Eichel Rüdiger-A. , Granwehr Josef
Published: May 2021

Abstract. In operando nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one method for the online investigation of electrochemical systems and reactions. It allows for real-time observations of the formation of products and intermediates, and it grants insights into the interactions of substrates and catalysts. An in operando NMR setup for the investigation of the electrolytic reduction of CO2 at silver electrodes has been developed.
The electrolysis cell consists of a three-electrode setup using a working electrode of pristine silver, a chlorinated silver wire as the reference electrode, and a graphite counter electrode. The setup can be adjusted for the use of different electrode materials and fits inside a 5 mm NMR tube.
Additionally, a shielding setup was employed to minimize noise caused by interference of external radio frequency (RF) waves with the conductive components of the setup.
The electrochemical performance of the in operando electrolysis setup is compared with a standard CO2 electrolysis cell. The small cell geometry impedes the release of gaseous products, and thus it is primarily suited for current densities below 1 mA cm−2.
The effect of conductive components on 13C NMR experiments was studied using a CO2-saturated solution of aqueous bicarbonate electrolyte. Despite the B0 field distortions caused by the electrodes, a proper shimming could be attained, and line widths of ca. 1 Hz were achieved. This enables investigations in the sub-Hertz range by NMR spectroscopy.
High-resolution 13C NMR and relaxation time measurements proved to be sensitive to changes in the sample. It was found that the dynamics of the bicarbonate electrolyte varies not only due to interactions with the silver electrode, which leads to the formation of an electrical double layer and catalyzes the exchange reaction between CO2 and HCO3-, but also due to interactions with the electrochemical setup. This highlights the necessity of a step-by-step experiment design for a mechanistic understanding of processes occurring during electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Non-classical disproportionation revealed by photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization NMR
Authors: Wörner Jakob , Chen Jing , Bacher Adelbert , Weber Stefan
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization
(photo-CIDNP) was used to observe the light-induced disproportionation
reaction of 6,7,8-trimethyllumazine starting out from its triplet state to
generate a pair of radicals comprising a one-electron reduced and a
one-electron oxidized species. Our evidence is based on the measurement of
two marker proton hyperfine couplings, Aiso(H(6α)) and
Aiso(H(8α)), which we correlated to predictions from density
functional theory. The ratio of these two hyperfine couplings is reversed in
the oxidized and the reduced radical species. Observation of the dismutation
reaction is facilitated by the exceptional C–H acidity of the methyl group
at position 7 of 6,7,8-trimethyllumazine and the slow proton exchange
associated with it, which leads to NMR-distinguishable anionic (TML−)
and neutral (TMLH) protonation forms.
Análisis de la formación universitaria en periodismo freelance: la perspectiva de los profesionales españoles
Authors: Marín-Sanchiz Cristian Ramón , González-Esteban José Luis
Published: May 2021

El periodismo freelance es una modalidad de empleo caracterizada por la tensión entre la autonomía y la precariedad de profesionales autónomos que prestan sus servicios a diversos clientes sin una relación contractual a largo plazo. Teniendo en cuenta que esta forma de autoempleo ha experimentado un gran crecimiento en los últimos años, el presente artículo de investigación estudia si la universidad española prepara a sus titulados para afrontar los retos laborales del periodismo freelance a través de 21 entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales autónomos. Los resultados evidencian una clara desconexión entre los títulos de grado y la realidad de la industria, además de la necesidad de potenciar ciertos contenidos, como la deontología profesional o las habilidades empresariales, y apostar por enfoques más prácticos, con el objetivo de formar a los estudiantes en el plano humanístico y cultural, así como en el de las capacidades específicas para el ejercicio del periodismo freelance.
Conclusions: What future for the Treaty of Lisbon?
Authors: Ripoll Ariadna
Published: May 2021

This conclusion to the special issue reflects on the evolution of European integration since the early 1990s in order to better understand the contested origins of the Treaty of Lisbon and the consequences the latter have had for the EU’s political system. It considers the various contributions of the special issue and shows how the Treaty emerged in an era of shifting cleavages, disputed steps towards a more political Union and rising populism. This legacy has led to more polarisation and politicisation – a phenomenon that the Treaty of Lisbon struggles to encapsulate and conciliate with the culture of consensus and compromise inherent to its institutional structures. As a result, we observe a bias towards policy stability – and even failure – that affects the legitimacy and democratic standards of the European Union. In a context of polycrisis, the difficulty to find compromises – especially in highly normative issues – leads to the de-politicisation of the EU and reinforces the gap between EU institutions and its citizens. The COVID-19 pandemic is a window of opportunity for the EU, in which to choose between integration and disintegration; between values and inaction.
Introduction to the Issue
Authors: Washul Eveline
Published: May 2021

Introduction to the issue by Eveline Washul.
Letter from the Editors
Authors: Shakya Riga , Kung Ling-Wei
Published: May 2021

Letter from the Editors.
Determination Of Nursing Students’ Time Management Skills
Authors: Bıçkıcı Ceylan , Torun Serap
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION: This study was carried out to determine the time management skills of nursing students. METHODS: The population of the descriptive study consisted of 914 students studying at the faculty of health sciences nursing department of a public university. All students who were willing to participate were included in the study and 593 students formed the sample of the study. In the study, the personal information form prepared by the researcher and the “Time Management Inventory” developed by Britton and Tesser in 1991 in a five-point Likert style were used. Mann -Whitney U, Kruskal -Wallis, Bonferroni tests and post-hoc analysis were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS: It was found that the time management scale scores of the students participating in the study were high and there were statistically significant relationships between the variables of gender, age, working status, class level, accommodation and economic status and scale dimensions (p<0.05). In addition, it was found that there were no statistically significant differences between the variables of the high school type in which the students studied, their place of residence, family types, and the scale scores. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it was concluded that students aged 21 and over, studying in their last year of education and living with their families had managed their time better. It has been determined that female students avoided spending extra time more than male students. In addition, it was found that nursing students’ time management skills are at a high level