bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wire Arc Additive Manufactured Mild Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel Components: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses
Authors: Rani Kasireddy Usha , Kumar Rajiv , Mahapatra Manas M. , Mulik Rahul S. , Świerczyńska Aleksandra , Fydrych Dariusz , Pandey Chandan
Published: October 2022

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an additive manufacturing process based on the arc welding process in which wire is melted by an electric arc and deposited layer by layer. Due to the cost and rate benefits over powder-based additive manufacturing technologies and other alternative heat sources such as laser and electron beams, the process is currently receiving much attention in the industrial production sector. The gas metal arc welded (GMAW) based WAAM process provides a higher deposition rate than other methods, making it suitable for additive manufacturing. The fabrication of mild steel (G3Si1), austenitic stainless steel (SS304), and a bimetallic sample of both materials were completed successfully using the GMAW based WAAM process. The microstructure characterization of the developed sample was conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopes. The interface reveals two discrete zones of mild steel and SS304 deposits without any weld defects. The hardness profile indicates a drastic increase in hardness near the interface, which is attributed to chromium migration from the SS304. The toughness of the sample was tested based on the Charpy Impact (ASTM D6110) test. The test reveals isotropy in both directions. The tensile strength of samples deposited by the WAAM technique measured slightly higher than the standard values of weld filament. The deep hole drilling (DHD) method was used to measure the residual stresses, and it was determined that the stresses are compressive in the mild steel portion and tensile in austenitic stainless steel portion, and that they vary throughout the thickness due to variation in the cooling rate at the inner and outer surfaces.
An Approach to Quantum Physics Teaching through Analog Experiments
Authors: Aehle Stefan , Scheiger Philipp , Cartarius Holger
Published: October 2022

With quantum physics being a particularly difficult subject to teach because of its contextual distance from everyday life, the need for multiperspective teaching material arises. Quantum physics education aims at exploring these methods but often lacks physical models and haptic components. In this paper, we provide two analog models and corresponding teaching concepts that present analogies to quantum phenomena for implementation in secondary school and university classrooms: While the first model focuses on the polarization of single photons and the deduction of reasoning tools for elementary comprehension of quantum theory, the second model investigates analog Hardy experiments as an alternative to Bell’s theorem. We show how working with physical models to compare classical and quantum perspectives has proven helpful for novice learners to grasp the abstract nature of quantum experiments and discuss our findings as an addition to existing quantum physics teaching concepts.
HRpI System Based on Wavenet Controller with Human Cooperative-in-the-Loop for Neurorehabilitation Purposes
Authors: Ramirez-Zamora Juan Daniel , Dominguez-Ramirez Omar Arturo , Ramos-Velasco Luis Enrique , Sepulveda-Cervantes Gabriel , Parra-Vega Vicente , Jarillo-Silva Alejandro , Escotto-Cordova Eduardo Alejandro
Published: October 2022

There exist several methods aimed at human–robot physical interaction (HRpI) to provide physical therapy in patients. The use of haptics has become an option to display forces along a given path so as to it guides the physiotherapist protocol. Critical in this regard is the motion control for haptic guidance to convey the specifications of the clinical protocol. Given the inherent patient variability, a conclusive demand of these HRpI methods is the need to modify online its response with neither rejecting nor neglecting interaction forces but to process them as patient interaction. In this paper, considering the nonlinear dynamics of the robot interacting bilaterally with a patient, we propose a novel adaptive control to guarantee stable haptic guidance by processing the causality of patient interaction forces, despite unknown robot dynamics and uncertainties. The controller implements radial basis neural network with daughter RASP1 wavelets activation function to identify the coupled interaction dynamics. For an efficient online implementation, an output infinite impulse response filter prunes negligible signals and nodes to deal with overparametrization. This contributes to adapt online the feedback gains of a globally stable discrete PID regulator to yield stiffness control, so the user is guided within a perceptual force field. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified in real-time bimanual human-in-the-loop experiments.
Improving Misfire Fault Diagnosis with Cascading Architectures via Acoustic Vehicle Characterization
Authors: Terwilliger Adam M. , Siegel Joshua E.
Published: October 2022

In a world dependent on road-based transportation, it is essential to understand automobiles. We propose an acoustic road vehicle characterization system as an integrated approach for using sound captured by mobile devices to enhance transparency and understanding of vehicles and their condition for non-expert users. We develop and implement novel deep learning cascading architectures, which we define as conditional, multi-level networks that process raw audio to extract highly granular insights for vehicle understanding. To showcase the viability of cascading architectures, we build a multi-task convolutional neural network that predicts and cascades vehicle attributes to enhance misfire fault detection. We train and test these models on a synthesized dataset reflecting more than 40 hours of augmented audio. Through cascading fuel type, engine configuration, cylinder count and aspiration type attributes, our cascading CNN achieves 87.0% test set accuracy on misfire fault detection which demonstrates margins of 8.0% and 1.7% over naïve and parallel CNN baselines. We explore experimental studies focused on acoustic features, data augmentation, and data reliability. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of broader implications, future directions, and application areas for this work.
The Fabrication of Cesium Lead Bromide-Coated Cellulose Nanocomposites and Their Effect on the Detection of Nitrogen Gas
Authors: Park Bumjun , Kang Haneul , Han Soobin , Kim Hyeong-U , Cho Youngjin , Huh Yun Suk , Kang Sung-Min
Published: October 2022

In this work, we fabricate cesium lead bromide nanofibers (CsPbBr3 NFs) via the attachment of cesium lead bromide nanocrystals (CsPbBr3 NCs) on the surface of electrospun cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and employ them in a sensor to effectively detect gaseous nitrogen. The CsPbBr3 NFs are produced initially by producing CsPbBr3 NCs through hot injection and dispersing on hexane, followed by dipping CNFs and ultrasonicate for 1 h. Morphological characterization through visual, SEM and TEM image, and crystalline structure analysis by XRD and FT-IR analysis of CsPbBr3 NFs and NCs show similar spectra except for PL due to unavoidable damage during the ultrasonication. Gaseous nitrogen is subsequently detected using the photoluminescence (PL) property of CsPbBr3 NFs, in which the PL intensity dramatically decreases under various flow rate. Therefore, we believe that the proposed CsPbBr3 NFs show significant promise for use in detection sensors in various industrial field and decrease the potential of fatal damage to workers due to suffocation.
Noise-Robust Multimodal Audio-Visual Speech Recognition System for Speech-Based Interaction Applications
Authors: Jeon Sanghun , Kim Mun Sang
Published: October 2022

Speech is a commonly used interaction-recognition technique in edutainment-based systems and is a key technology for smooth educational learning and user–system interaction. However, its application to real environments is limited owing to the various noise disruptions in real environments. In this study, an audio and visual information-based multimode interaction system is proposed that enables virtual aquarium systems that use speech to interact to be robust to ambient noise. For audio-based speech recognition, a list of words recognized by a speech API is expressed as word vectors using a pretrained model. Meanwhile, vision-based speech recognition uses a composite end-to-end deep neural network. Subsequently, the vectors derived from the API and vision are classified after concatenation. The signal-to-noise ratio of the proposed system was determined based on data from four types of noise environments. Furthermore, it was tested for accuracy and efficiency against existing single-mode strategies for extracting visual features and audio speech recognition. Its average recognition rate was 91.42% when only speech was used, and improved by 6.7% to 98.12% when audio and visual information were combined. This method can be helpful in various real-world settings where speech recognition is regularly utilized, such as cafés, museums, music halls, and kiosks.
The Investigation of Gas Distribution Asymmetry Effect on Coriolis Flowmeter Accuracy at Multiphase Metering
Authors: Shavrina Evgeniia , Zeng Yan , Khoo Boo Cheong , Nguyen Vinh-Tan
Published: October 2022

Multiphase flows are encountered in various industries, and the Coriolis flowmeter (CFM) is considered a high potential flowmeter for the metering of these flows. However, the decoupling effect and asymmetrical gas distribution in a CFM might decrease the accuracy of its multiphase flow metering The asymmetry of gas distribution in a CFM and its influence on the metering accuracy have only been qualitatively investigated in a few studies. The present paper quantitatively describes the gas distribution asymmetry in several CFMs under different flow conditions by numerical simulation. The simulation methodology is developed and validated by a results comparison with a conducted experiment and published data for bubbly, stratified and transitional flow regimes. U-shaped and triangle-shaped CFMs of different diameters are investigated at different gas volume fractions and flow rates. It is shown that the increase in the gas volume fraction and the reduction in the mixture flow rate lead to the increase in the gas distribution asymmetry. The strong correlation between the gas distribution asymmetry and the experimentally observed CFM error is demonstrated. The correction of the CFM error is proposed based on this correlation allowing the metering error to be decreased from 34% to 10% for the investigated conditions.
Identification of Single Yeast Budding Using Impedance Cytometry with a Narrow Electrode Span
Authors: Liu Xun , Tang Tao , Yi Po-Wei , Yuan Yapeng , Lei Cheng , Li Ming , Tanaka Yo , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Yalikun Yaxiaer
Published: October 2022

Impedance cytometry is wildly used in single-cell detection, and its sensitivity is essential for determining the status of single cells. In this work, we focus on the effect of electrode gap on detection sensitivity. Through comparing the electrode span of 1 µm and 5 µm, our work shows that narrowing the electrode span could greatly improve detection sensitivity. The mechanism underlying the sensitivity improvement was analyzed via numerical simulation. The small electrode gap (1 µm) allows the electric field to concentrate near the detection area, resulting in a high sensitivity for tiny particles. This finding is also verified with the mixture suspension of 1 µm and 3 µm polystyrene beads. As a result, the electrodes with 1 µm gap can detect more 1 µm beads in the suspension than electrodes with 5 µm gap. Additionally, for single yeast cells analysis, it is found that impedance cytometry with 1 µm electrodes gap can easily distinguish budding yeast cells, which cannot be realized by the impedance cytometry with 5 µm electrodes gap. All experimental results support that narrowing the electrode gap is necessary for tiny particle detection, which is an important step in the development of submicron and nanoscale impedance cytometry.
Human–Robot Cooperative Strength Training Based on Robust Admittance Control Strategy
Authors: Lin Musong , Wang Hongbo , Yang Congliang , Liu Wenjie , Niu Jianye , Vladareanu Luige
Published: October 2022

A stroke is a common disease that can easily lead to lower limb motor dysfunction in the elderly. Stroke survivors can effectively train muscle strength through leg flexion and extension training. However, available lower limb rehabilitation robots ignore the knee soft tissue protection of the elderly in training. This paper proposes a human–robot cooperative lower limb active strength training based on a robust admittance control strategy. The stiffness change law of the admittance model is designed based on the biomechanics of knee joints, and it can guide the user to make force correctly and reduce the stress on the joint soft tissue. The controller will adjust the model stiffness in real-time according to the knee joint angle and then indirectly control the exertion force of users. This control strategy not only can avoid excessive compressive force on the joint soft tissue but also can enhance the stimulation of quadriceps femoris muscles. Moreover, a dual input robust control is proposed to improve the tracking performance under the disturbance caused by model uncertainty, interaction force and external noise. Experiments about the controller performance and the training feasibility were conducted with eight stroke survivors. Results show that the designed controller can effectively influence the interaction force; it can reduce the possibility of joint soft tissue injury. The robot also has a good tracking performance under disturbances. This control strategy also can enhance the stimulation of quadriceps femoris muscles, which is proved by measuring the muscle electrical signal and interaction force. Human–robot cooperative strength training is a feasible method for training lower limb muscles with the knee soft tissue protection mechanism.
An Improved ASIFT Image Feature Matching Algorithm Based on POS Information
Authors: Gao Junchai , Sun Zhen
Published: October 2022

The affine scale-invariant feature transform (ASIFT) algorithm is a feature extraction algorithm with affinity and scale invariance, which is suitable for image feature matching using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, there are many problems in the matching process, such as the low efficiency and mismatching. In order to improve the matching efficiency, this algorithm firstly simulates image distortion based on the position and orientation system (POS) information from real-time UAV measurements to reduce the number of simulated images. Then, the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm is used for feature point detection, and the extracted feature points are combined with the binary robust invariant scalable keypoints (BRISK) descriptor to generate the binary feature descriptor, which is matched using the Hamming distance. Finally, in order to improve the matching accuracy of the UAV images, based on the random sample consensus (RANSAC) a false matching eliminated algorithm is proposed. Through four groups of experiments, the proposed algorithm is compared with the SIFT and ASIFT. The results show that the algorithm can optimize the matching effect and improve the matching speed.
Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Construction of Subway Stations in Residential Areas
Authors: Dai Peng , Han Song , Yang Xuxu , Fu Hui , Wang Yanjun , Liu Jianjun
Published: October 2022

To design a more suitable scheme under different conditions so that subway stations can play their role better, this study investigated the construction elements of subway stations in residential areas. Metro stations in residential areas are generally located at the intersection of urban roads. As the “handover space” of the city, the construction principle should be based on people’s experience. As the core basis for traffic planning and future operation management, construction of subways in residential areas should take into consideration factors such as trip volume, distribution, and mode selection of residents, and be determined based on such mathematical models as the unit factor method, gravity model, and disaggregated analysis method. Station site selection is based on the point, line, and surface elements, and the importance of a station in the line network is judged by degree and betweenness centrality; the accessibility of the line network is determined by connectivity. In this study, the influencing factors of residential area subway station construction are divided into construction elements and site selection. Internal construction elements of stations include station entrances and exits, escalators, ticket machines, and transfer routes, and the conclusion of the mathematical model is used to select or give opinions about the internal construction elements of the subway. The point, line, and surface elements and the connection relationship between the subway and buses are used to determine the site selection of the subway. Furthermore, this paper discusses the three elements that affect the construction of the subway, comprehensively considers the functional requirements of the subway, and makes reasonable adjustments to each element. Finally, the requirements for the elements of the subway construction are determined.
Are Transperineal Ultrasound Parameters Useful to Predict Incontinence in Patients with Single-Incision Mini-Slings?
Authors: García-Mejido José Antonio , Blasco-Hernandez Pedro , Fernandez-Conde Cristina , García-Pombo Sara , Fernández-Palacín Ana , Borrero Carlota , Sainz-Bueno José Antonio
Published: October 2022

It would be logical to think that single-incision mini-slings (SIMS) should behave like the rest of the tension-free vaginal tape and, therefore, to believe that they present a similar ultrasound appearance, but there are no studies on this matter. Therefore, the main aim of our research is to determine which ultrasound parameters are associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in patients carrying SIMS. A prospective observational study was carried out including 94 patients who were candidates for SUI corrective surgery with SIMS between 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021 at the Universitary Hospital of Valme (Seville, Spain). A transperineal ultrasound evaluation was performed (six months after surgery) in order to study: the bladder neck–symphyseal distance, the posterior urethro–vesical angle, the pubic symphysis–tape gap, the tape–urethral lumen distance, the sagittal tape angle, the tape position, the concordance of movement between the tape and the urethra, and the axial tape angle. A total of 92 patients completed the study (63 asymptomatic and 29 symptomatic). Statistical differences were observed in the concordance of movement between the tape and the urethra (84.1% vs. 25.0%; p: 0.001) and in the axial tape angle at rest (139.3 ± 19.0 vs. 118.3 ± 15.4; p: 0.003) and at Valsalva (145.1 ± 20.2 vs. 159.1 ± 9.0; p: 0.034). Sagittal tape angle at rest was higher in urge urinary incontinence (UUI) patients (132.5 ± 35.7 vs. 143.3 ± 29.8; p: 0.001) and mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) patients (132.5 ± 35.7 vs. 157.8 ± 23.6; p: 0.025) compared to asymptomatic patients. In conclusion, the concordance between the movement of the tape and the urethra is the most useful ultrasound parameter to define continence in patients with SIMS.
Evaluation of the Effects of R-CHOP Chemotherapy on Brain Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: A Baseline, Interim, and End-of-Treatment PET/CT Study
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Li Fei , Chang Yan , Sun Yabing , Wang Nan , Wang Ruimin
Published: October 2022

Background: To investigate the effect of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy on brain glucose metabolism in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: Seventy-two patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL underwent FDG PET/CT brain and whole-body scans at baseline (PET0), in the interim of chemotherapy (PET2), and at the end (PET6) of chemotherapy. All three brain scans of each patient were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping software. Results: Compared with the PET0 scan, the PET2 and PET6 scans revealed a significantly higher glucose metabolism throughout the whole brain, with the PET6 scan revealing a higher metabolism than the PET2 scan. Patients with a complete response (CR) displayed decreased glucose metabolism in the lingual gyrus and increased glucose metabolism in the pons after chemotherapy compared with the findings in patients with partial responses or progressive disease. Conclusions: Brain glucose metabolism was affected by R-CHOP treatment throughout the entire chemotherapy protocol.
Dynamic Adsorption Characteristics of Cr(VI) in Red-Mud Leachate onto a Red Clay Anti-Seepage Layer
Authors: Zhang Yibo , Yu Yue , Qin Hao , Peng Daoping , Chen Xing
Published: October 2022

Red-mud leachate from tailings ponds contains Cr(VI), which can pollute groundwater via infiltration through anti-seepage layers. This paper investigates leachate from a red-mud tailings pond in southwest China and the red clay in the surrounding area to simulate the adsorption of Cr(VI) onto clay at different pHs, using geochemical equilibrium software (Visual MINTEQ). We also performed dynamic adsorption testing of Cr(VI) on a clay anti-seepage layer. The dynamic adsorption behaviors and patterns in the dynamic column were predicted using the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models. Visual MINTEQ predicted that Cr(VI) adsorption in red-mud leachate onto clay was 69.91%, increasing gradually with pH, i.e., adsorption increased under alkaline conditions. Cr(VI) concentration in the effluent was measured using the permeability test through a flexible permeameter when the adsorption saturation time reached 146 days. At a low seepage rate, Cr(VI) adsorption onto the clay anti-seepage layer took longer. Saturation adsorption capacity, q0, and adsorption rate constant, Kth, were determined using the Thomas model; the Yoon–Nelson model was used to determine when the effluent Cr(VI) concentration reached 50% of the initial concentration. The results provide parameters for the design and pollution prediction of the clay anti-seepage layer of red-mud tailings ponds.
Risk Communication Distributed among Migrant Workers during the COVID-19 Crisis in Thailand: Analysis on Structural and Networking Gaps
Authors: Kosiyaporn Hathairat , Julchoo Sataporn , Papwijitsil Ratchadaporn , Uansri Sonvanee , Phaiyarom Mathudara , Sinam Pigunkaew , Suphanchaimat Rapeepong
Published: October 2022

Language and cultural barriers among migrant workers hamper access to health risk information. This study aims to explore health risk communication structure and processes and identify the communication network of migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. This study used a parallel mixed-methods design combined with in-depth interviews and questionnaires for social network analysis from November 2020 to June 2021 in the headquarter district of Samut Sakhon, Ranong, and Phuket provinces. We conducted purposive sampling of representatives from public and non-public organisations and local communities. Thirty-six key informants participated in in-depth interviews, and fifty-six respondents completed the questionnaire for social network analysis. Although health risk communication included various activities, there was no formal governing body responsible for health risk communication among migrants, and monitoring and evaluation of communication process were not well-implemented. The health risk communication network was centralised, especially in the rural area; however, migrant health volunteers (MHVs) and local media were key sources of information for most migrants in communities. Overall, a governing body led by the government with intersectional collaboration and a health risk communication process should be promoted while considering migrants’ characteristics and concerns. The health risk communication network should identify key communicators such as MHVs and local media. This can be an effective strategy to fill the gap of information dependency.
Improved Technique for Autonomous Vehicle Motion Planning Based on Integral Constraints and Sequential Optimization
Authors: Diachuk Maksym , Easa Said M.
Published: October 2022

The study is dedicated to elaborating and analyzing a technique for autonomous vehicle (AV) motion planning based on sequential trajectory and kinematics optimization. The proposed approach combines the finite element method (FEM) basics and nonlinear optimization with nonlinear constraints. There were five main innovative aspects introduced in the study. First, a 7-degree polynomial was used to improve the continuity of piecewise functions representing the motion curves, providing 4 degrees of freedom (DOF) in a node. This approach allows using the irregular grid for roadway segments, increasing spans where the curvature changes slightly, and reducing steps in the vicinity of the significant inflections of motion boundaries. Therefore, the segment length depends on such factors as static and moving obstacles, average road section curvature, camera sight distance, and road conditions (adhesion). Second, since the method implies splitting the optimization stages, a strategy for bypassing the moving obstacles out of direct time dependency was developed. Thus, the permissible area for maneuvering was determined using criteria of safety distance between vehicles and physical limitation of tire–road adhesion. Third, the nodal inequality constraints were replaced by the nonlinear integral equality constraints. In contrast to the generally distributed approach of restricting the planning parameters in nodes, the technique of integral equality constraints ensures the disposition of motion parameters’ curves strictly within the preset boundaries, which is especially important for quite long segments. In this way, the reliability and stability of predicted parameters are improved. Fourth, the seamless continuity of both the sought parameters and their derivatives is ensured in transitional nodes between the planning phases and adjacent global coordinate systems. Finally, the problem of optimization rapidity to match real-time operation requirements was addressed. For this, the quadrature integration approach was implemented to represent and keep all the parameters in numerical form. The study considered cost functions, limitations stipulated by the vehicle kinematics and dynamics, as well as initial and transient conditions between the planning stages. Simulation examples of the predicted trajectories and curves of kinematic parameters are demonstrated. The advantages and limitations of the proposed approach are highlighted.
Sliding doors: how does their opening affect particulate matter levels in operating theatres?
Authors: Della Camera Alessandro , Cevenini Gabriele , Nante Nicola , De Marco Maria Francesca , Messina Gabriele
Published: October 2022

Background: Operating theatres (OTs) have adequate conditions to perform safe operations and to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). Opening doors can compromise these situations. Measurement of particulate contamination is a crucial point to check the effectiveness of preventive measures in the OTs. We analysed how opening the doors interact with particulate contamination in different designs of OTs. Methods: Between January and February 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted in five different types of OTs of a teaching hospital in Siena. Two (OTs 1 and 2) had laminar flows, with 58 and 55 air changes/h, respectively. Three had turbulent flows: OT3 (18 air changes/h, with four inlets from the ceiling), OT4 (16 air changes/h, airflow directed from one wall to the opposite one and the main door laterally to the flow) and OT5 (23 air changes/h and airflow from the ceiling plenum). Particulate matter (PM) measurements were carried out at seven different locations in each OT, alternating two conditions: 1) doors closed and 2) opening/closing the main door twice per minute. For each spot, in each condition, we recorded for several minutes the following parameters: particles (>0.3, >0.5, >1, >3, >5 and >10 µm), room temperature (RT), relative humidity (RH) and airflow velocity (AS). International Organization for Standardization (ISO) class for PM > 0.5 µm was calculated. Comparison with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was made using Stata 16 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA). Results: All five OTs had differential pressure, but all fell to 0 at door opening; negligible changes were detected on microclimatic parameters although they may be affected by different types of airflows and design. Even though the variations in the turbulent flow rooms were broader and different, there were no changes in ISO class particle classification, given the already very high initial particulate levels. In laminar flow rooms, with a better ISO classification, the variations were smaller but sufficient to worsen the class. Conclusions: When opening the doors, the PM levels in OTs are influenced by different ventilation systems and room design. Different ventilation systems and the design of OTs influence particulate levels during door opening. Particulate variations in the laminar flows studied were smaller than in the turbulent flows, which, although lower in performance in our study, can be just as effective; however, as the heterogeneous construction and logistic characteristics of OTs result in significant variations in PMs, further research is needed to determine the actual effect of airflow on the SSI rate.
Spectrum Allocation for Covert Communications in Cellular-Enabled UAV Networks: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Pi Xinzhe , Yang Bin
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the covert communications via spectrum allocations in a cellular-enabled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) network consisting of a base station (BS), UAVs, ground users (GUs), and a warden, where warden attempts to detect the transmission from a target GU to a UAV receiver. We formulate the spectrum allocation as an optimization problem with the constraints of covertness performance requirement and the qualities of service (QoS) of cellular communications. This is a nonlinear and nonconvex problem, which is generally challenging to be solved. Thus, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach to solve it. Under such an approach, we first model the multi-agent DRL environment in such networks. Then we define the state, action, reward and interaction mechanism of the DRL environment. Finally, a DRL algorithm is presented for learning the optimal policy of spectrum allocation.
Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Formalin on Weight Gain in the Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Trewavas)
Authors: OMOREGIE E.
Published: October 2022

The effect of sublethal concentrations of formalin on the weight gain of Nile tilapia fingerlings was investigated under laboratory conditions during a 12-week exposure at concentrations of 25.00, 12.50, 6.25, 3.125, 1.56 and 0.00 (control) mg•l·1. The toxicant led to depressed weight gain in the fish. The severity of this depression was directly proportional to the toxicant concentrations. However, at 1.56 mg·l·1 concentration, no significant depression in weight gain (P>0.05) was observed in the test fish. Precautions in the successful use of formalin to control ectoparasites in aquaculture are discussed.
Effect of Removing Accumulated Sediments on the Bacteriology of Ponds Used to Culture Penaeus monodon
Authors: SMITH P.T.
Published: October 2022

The bacteriology of sediment was studied at two farms and mangrove habitats on the Clarence River, Australia, from 1990 to 1995. Penaeus monodon was grown semi-inten­sively at both farms. Accumulated sediment was removed between crops at one farm while it was spread over pond bottoms at the other farm. Spatial and temporal distributions of vibrios were not significantly different between the farms, with maximum levels occurring in the center of ponds during times of peak temperature and feed rate. Vibrio levels in pond sediment were usually an order of magnitude higher than in mangrove sediment. Vibrios levels in mangrove sediment near effluent canals were also significantly higher than those from mangrove sites 2 km from the farms. Both farms had similar spatial and temporal patterns for sulfate-reducing bacteria. As for heterotrophic bacteria, no significant difference was found for farm type or location on pond bottom. It was concluded that a) drying sediment between crops temporarily reduced vibrios and sulfate-reducing bacteria; b) removing accumulated sediment did not reduce vibrios, sulfate-reducing bacteria or het­erotrophic bacteria; and c) levels of vibrios and sulfate-reducing bacteria were better biologi­cal indicators of pond health and environmental conditions than heterotrophic bacteria. It is hypothesized that the bacteriology of pond sediments is largely driven by input of pelleted feed, ambient temperature and limiting levels of oxygen.
Quantos números têm aqui? A utilização de dados pelo Fantástico na cobertura da Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Caleffi Renata , Pereira Ariane Carla
Published: October 2022

A população brasileira precisou aprender sobre distanciamento social e lockdown, números, taxas e índices com a chegada da pandemia de Covid-19. Lidamos, simultaneamente, com uma doença desconhecida, novas informações e fake news. Apesar do avanço do vírus ser cotidianamente explicado por informações quantitativas oficiais, tanto pelos órgãos de Saúde (Ministério, Secretarias Estaduais e Municipais) quanto pela imprensa, em decorrência do distanciamento social, as pessoas, por ficarem mais tempo em casa, buscavam informações em diversos canais de comunicação, incluindo os tradicionais (e mais confiáveis) e os que possuem confiabilidade duvidosa, como as mensagens (re)encaminhadas por grupos de WhatsApp. O governo federal, por vezes, se valia de dados equivocados e, em outras, omitia informações. Os veículos de comunicação foram encarregados de repassar as informações oficiais a um público tão grande como o brasileiro. Em meio ao caos, como os jornalistas conseguiram informar a população, que enfrentava momentos distintos, com níveis e evoluções diferentes da pandemia? Em um país continental, esta pesquisa buscou compreender a evolução da utilização do jornalismo de dados pelo programa televisivo Fantástico, entendendo a relação entre essa atividade e a construção da informação de fácil acesso à população, bem como o jornalismo como entidade responsável pelo combate à desinformação. Para cumprir com tais objetivos foi realizado um acompanhamento linear dos dados apresentados no período de 17 meses (março de 2020 a agosto de 2021), observando como o Fantástico divulgou os dados da pandemia no Brasil. O método utilizado foi a pesquisa qualitativa, pela perspectiva da análise da materialidade audiovisual.
O simbolismo do vento na narrativa de Sopro
Authors: Salama Martins Raquel , Serafim José Francisco
Published: October 2022

Este artigo investiga a função narrativa do som no documentário Sopro (2013), de Marcos Pimentel, um documentário poético sobre a existência humana e os mistérios da vida e da morte. A partir da observação do cotidiano de uma família residente no Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca, em Minas Gerais, no Brasil, a obra expressa os ciclos da vida, entre dia e noite, nascimento e morte. Interessa-nos compreender de que forma determinados sons ambientes são destacados e apresentados à escuta para que, em diálogo com as imagens, criem um sentido simbólico que vai além da representação figurativa. Com base na antropologia do imaginário de Gilbert Durand (1988), nos estudos do ambiente sonoro, de Murray Schafer (2011), da escritura do sonoro, de Daniel Deshays (2006), bem como na teoria da audiovisão, de Michel Chion (2008), levantamos a hipótese de que, a partir de uma escuta reflexiva, os sons do ambiente são compostos no documentário enquanto símbolos dos ciclos da vida. Os resultados da análise mostram que, dentre os sons dos cinco elementos da natureza, o som do vento se sobressai, representando simbolicamente tanto a vida quanto a morte.
A ficção seriada televisiva estadunidense durante a Peak TV: hibridismo, serialização e fidelização
Authors: Meimaridis Melina , Quinan Rodrigo
Published: October 2022

A indústria televisiva estadunidense tem vivenciado um momento de intensa competição, caracterizado pela expressão Peak TV. Neste cenário, contudo, um grupo restrito de produções tem recebido a maioria da atenção acadêmica. De modo a elucidar melhor o atual contexto de uma das maiores indústrias de TV do mundo, aqui nos propomos a explorar o estado da arte da serialização nas produções contemporâneas. Utilizando de análises da crítica estadunidense e de exemplos pontuais de produções, defendemos que o modelo episódico de séries encontra-se ainda muito proeminente, principalmente na TV aberta. Identificamos, também, que os serviços de streaming têm se utilizado do modelo seriado como forma de distinção e legitimação dos mesmos. Por fim, o processo de hibridização das lógicas episódicas e seriadas, iniciado na década de 1990, ainda é uma característica marcante das produções da Peak TV, sendo utilizado, em alguns casos, como uma estratégia de fidelização. Buscamos aqui apontar as zonas cinzentas entre ambos os modelos em um cenário televisivo de intensa competição, em que cada produção faz sua própria negociação com as lógicas do episódico e do seriado.
Uma arqueologia do streaming no Brasil: ensaio metodológico
Authors: Ladeira João Damasceno Martins
Published: October 2022

A partir da proposta teórica da arqueologia das mídias, esse texto apresenta uma metodologia para observar a institucionalização do streaming no Brasil contemporâneo. Espera-se contribuir na discussão sobre a matéria que elabora uma mídia, com atenção à sua forma. Isso consiste numa cartografia das relações de força envolvidas, com atenção pontual sobre a sedimentação em torno de uma norma jurídica: o SeAC, a Lei do Serviço de Acesso Condicionado. A partir do entendimento tanto de Foucault quanto de Deleuze e Guattari sobre a relação entre forma de expressão e de conteúdo, o conceito de diagrama, a visão particular sobre signos e a ideia de transformação incorpórea, entende-se os termos dessa lei como permissões e impedimentos que delimitam o horizonte no qual o audiovisual on-line pôde vir a se organizar. Cartografar essas forças significa identificar os pontos-chave em disputa na elaboração dessa lei e na tentativa de dissolvê-la: o sistema de cotas então proposto e a separação patrimonial criada para proteger as operações locais de broadcast. Ambos consistem em barreiras para o imperativo de intenso deslocamento numa intensa velocidade, traço identificado por Virilio como fator-chave na modernidade, que, no streaming, encontra-se em franca operação.
O “lambadão” como pauta do jornalismo cultural em Cuiabá: uma análise do site Olhar Conceito
Authors: Pedrini Jociene Carla Bianchini Ferreira , Cabral Maria Clara de Oliveira Mendes
Published: October 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de traçar perspectivas sobre o jornalismo cultural presente no site Olhar Conceito, uma página segmentada de Olhar Direto, um dos principais portais de notícias de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. Desta forma, optamos por fazer um recorte temático a respeito da cobertura sobre o lambadão, ritmo musical que expressa um movimento representativo da cultura popular de Cuiabá e do estado de Mato Grosso, localizado na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Portanto, a partir da investigação dos conteúdos produzidos pelo site em análise, buscamos identificar qual é o espaço dado ao lambadão no veículo, bem como verificar quais são os fatos que o insere nas pautas elaboradas pelo site. Além disso, nos propomos a discutir a importância das mídias digitais e da globalização do acesso à internet, como possíveis responsáveis pelo maior conhecimento do ritmo lambadão nos dias atuais, em que seus produtores, ao utilizarem as ferramentas tecnológicas disponíveis, se mostram atentos às transformações. Nesse sentido, localizamos o tema desta pesquisa no contexto dos estudos culturais latino-americanos, tendo como base a contribuição do pensamento teórico-metodológico de Jesús Martín-Barbero, filósofo e reconhecido pesquisador espanhol radicado na Colômbia.
Tensionamentos discursivos da infertilidade masculina: bioprodutos, cuidados de si e engajamento moral na paternidade ativa desde a concepção
Authors: Casadei Eliza Bachega
Published: October 2022

A partir do pressuposto de que homens e mulheres são convocados para o consumo das tecnologias reprodutivas de formas diferenciais, o artigo tem como objetivo discutir como a infertilidade masculina é discursivamente construída pela imprensa e pelos materiais de divulgação das clínicas de fertilidade brasileiros, em uma busca realizada em seus respectivos sites em 2021. A partir dos pressupostos metodológicos da Análise do Discurso, é possível observar que o mercado das tecnologias reprodutivas para os homens é mediado por meio de três vertentes discursivas relacionadas: (1) aos elementos defeituosos do corpo como passíveis de uma intervenção médica socialmente legitimada, que traz subjacente uma responsabilização do indivíduo que deve buscar transformar o biológico em bioprodutos; (2) uma orientação para a vida saudável por intermédio de um discurso do cuidado de si vinculado ao engajamento moral do sujeito na paternidade; e (3) no discurso sobre o envolvimento em práticas vinculadas a um “reproempreendedorismo” de sucesso, que espelha o sonho de ter filhos a outros elementos de êxito na vida. Transversalizadas por discursos neoliberais, tais materializações comunicacionais encontram reverberações em demandas relacionadas a formas mais ativas de paternidade desde a concepção urdindo-as a imperativos da masculinidade hegemônica.
Popularização do feminismo, neoliberalismo e discursos midiáticos
Authors: Sarmento Rayza
Published: October 2022

Neste texto discutimos a relação contemporânea entre popularização do feminismo, neoliberalismo e conteúdo midiático. Debatemos em âmbito teórico como a exposição das reivindicações feministas em produtos comunicacionais ensejam discussões ambivalentes, sobre a necessidade de maior visibilidade junto também da possibilidade de despolitização das pautas. Nesse sentido, revisamos criticamente autoras voltadas à preocupante aproximação do feminismo com o neoliberalismo, com especial atenção para a vinculação com o chamado feminismo de celebridade. Empiricamente, para ilustrar nosso argumento, buscamos observar os textos em que mulheres são auto ou heteroidentificadas como feministas em uma revista brasileira, atualmente digital, voltada para o público jovem (Capricho), com amplo lastro histórico, entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, a partir da análise do discurso faircloughiana como base metodológica. Nossos resultados apontam para a forma como discursos feministas com viés neoliberal circulam nas informações selecionadas, a partir de falas voltadas para realizações e comportamentos individuais e não coletivos. Os textos, com presença acentuada de celebridades femininas entre as fontes ouvidas, são bastante focados na dimensão da escolha e afastados de pautas mais emancipatórias ou históricas dos feminismos brasileiros.
A virada afetiva na comunicação e na aprendizagem: mediação radical, lúdico e cognição atuada
Authors: Regis Fátima , Messias José , Perani Letícia , Timponi Raquel , Maia Alessandra
Published: October 2022

O artigo apresenta as bases conceituais para uma articulação entre tecnologias e humanos no contexto dos processos comunicacionais e cognitivos contemporâneos. Desde 2007, os autores investigam as competências cognitivas desenvolvidas nas vinculações com mídias digitais e produtos culturais. Os achados dessas investigações (REGIS et al., 2009) revelaram que as competências da comunicação contemporânea não se reduzem ao conceito clássico de cognição como processo analítico e intelectual, uma vez que envolvem, de maneira integrada, corpo, afetos e sociabilidade. A importância do corpo e das intensidades afetivas nas práticas de comunicação digital levantou a questão sobre de que modo corpo, tecnologia e afetos (fatores não conscientes) interferem nos processos mentais conscientes. Para contribuir com essa questão, o presente artigo propõe uma base teórica — denominada “virada afetiva na comunicação” — que se sustenta sobre as contribuições da cognição atuada, da teoria dos afetos e do lúdico. Essa base teórica foi formulada a partir de reflexões teóricas e pesquisas empíricas em escolas que permitiram observar a centralidade do corpo e dos afetos nessas vinculações cotidianas com produtos culturais multimídia e concluir que essa virada afetiva da comunicação contemporânea requer a construção de metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem na educação formal e não formal.
Interesse público versus interesses corporativos: disputas entre Folha de S. Paulo e governo Bolsonaro em editoriais sobre a Covid-19
Authors: Rebouças Hébely , Patrício Edgard
Published: October 2022

O artigo investiga a relevância temática da pandemia de Covid-19 em editoriais de um dos principais jornais brasileiros, a Folha de S. Paulo, analisando de que modo o periódico explorou o tema, notabilizado pelo interesse público, em sua agenda de interesses corporativos, visto que o formato editorial permite flexibilidade de pauta (SANTOS; MARQUES; FONTES, 2020). Mas mesmo estando vinculado aos interesses da empresa jornalística, o editorial não pode ignorar os acontecimentos mais importantes do dia, relevantes para o debate público (MONT’ALVERNE; MARQUES, 2016). Por meio da Análise de Conteúdo, são analisados 147 editoriais publicados de 27 de fevereiro a 10 de maio de 2020 (quando foram confirmadas as 10 mil primeiras mortes por Covid-19 no Brasil). Procedeu-se a uma categorização temática em 87 destes editoriais, caracterizados pelo destaque dado ao assunto logo no título e subtítulo. Conclui-se que embora tenha explorado o assunto sob diferentes vieses, a abordagem política da pandemia acabou se impondo, com a crise sanitária sendo utilizada como pano de fundo para críticas ao governo Bolsonaro e para discussões que vão muito além da agenda de saúde.
“O Computador Disse Não” ou O Apagamento do Humano
Authors: Cholodenko Alan
Published: October 2022

A partir do esquete “O Computador Disse Não” da comédia inglesa Pequena Bretanha (2000-2007), do ensaio descontrucionista “Accounterability”, de Peggy Kamuf, do regime disciplinar de Michel Foucault e da invocação de Jean Baudrillard para “esquecer Foucault”, este ensaio elabora o dispositivo do arconte e arquivo “contemporâneo”: o computador, o governador e condutor de tudo, inclusive de todos os indivíduos, discursos, instituições e tecnologias, elaborando o apagamento do computador — seu deletar — não apenas da memória humana (em todos os seus modos, cultural, pessoal, coletivo etc.) em seu arquivo, exceto o próprio humano. Enquanto postula todas as tecnologias como animadoras, portanto reanimadoras, no caso do computador, o último como animador, afirma-o ser ainda mais. Pois o computador é aquela rara tecnologia, não apenas um reanimador global, mas da época, o reanimador hiperanimado da realidade como hiper-realidade, inclusive de memória como hipermemória e tempo como hipertempo, em que o contemporâneo (significando com tempo) é ele mesmo esvaziado. E elucida que Cholodenko chama o “regime da accountability”, no qual o humano é humano na medida em que imita o computador, um mundo cibernético no qual computação, números, regras governam, e a quantidade é a nova qualidade — um mundo de ciborgs, que Cholodenko nomeia realidade “hiperzumbi”, de “morte cerebral” — um mundo no qual, ironicamente, aumenta a quantidade e a indeterminação reina. Enquanto Jaan Tallinn, Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk e outros expressam medo por um futuro de Singularidade de Inteligência Geral Artificial (AGIS), o ensaio delineia um mundo em que essa Singularidade já é uma “realidade”.