bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabarcoding of shrimp stomach content: Harnessing a natural sampler for fish biodiversity monitoring
Authors: Siegenthaler Andjin , Wangensteen Owen S. , Soto Ana Z. , Benvenuto Chiara , Corrigan Laura , Mariani Stefano
Published: October 2018

Given their positioning and biological productivity, estuaries have long represented key providers of ecosystem services and consequently remain under remarkable pressure from numerous forms of anthropogenic impact. The monitoring of fish communities in space and time is one of the most widespread and established approaches to assess the ecological status of estuaries and other coastal habitats, but traditional fish surveys are invasive, costly, labour intensive and highly selective. Recently, the application of metabarcoding techniques, on either sediment or aqueous environmental DNA, has rapidly gained popularity. Here, we evaluate the application of a novel, high‐throughput DNA‐based monitoring tool to assess fish diversity, based on the analysis of the gut contents of a generalist predator/scavenger, the European brown shrimp, Crangon crangon. Sediment and shrimp samples were collected from eight European estuaries, and DNA metabarcoding (using both 12S and COI markers) was carried out to infer fish assemblage composition. We detected 32 teleost species (16 and 20, for 12S and COI, respectively). Twice as many species were recovered using metabarcoding than by traditional net surveys. By comparing and interweaving trophic, environmental DNA and traditional survey‐based techniques, we show that the DNA‐assisted gut content analysis of a ubiquitous, easily accessible, generalist species may serve as a powerful, rapid and cost‐effective tool for large‐scale, routine estuarine biodiversity monitoring.
Cysteine‐rich secretory protein 3: inflammation role in adult varicocoele
Authors: Belardin L. , Camargo M. , Intasqui P. , Antoniassi M. , Fraietta R. , Bertolla R.
Published: October 2018

Background

Cysteine‐rich secretory protein (CRISP‐3), a protein involved in inflammatory response, is highly increased in seminal plasma of adolescents with varicocoele and altered semen analysis, but not in adolescents with varicocoele and normal semen. It is not known, however, whether this increased seminal concentration occurs as an acute marker during the initial stages of varicocoele or whether this persists as an altered protein pathway.

Objective

The purpose of this study, thus, was to test the hypothesis that this inflammatory state persists through adulthood and the correction of varicocoele could correct this state, by identifying the levels of CRISP‐3 in seminal plasma.

Materials and methods

This study was carried out in two substudies: (i) to verify the effect of varicocoele and (ii) to verify the effect of varicocelectomy on seminal plasma CRISP‐3 levels. Seminal plasma CRISP‐3 levels (29 and 31 kDa isoforms) were assessed for each provided sample using standard Western blotting.

Results

The varicocoele group presented higher seminal levels of CRISP‐3 when compared to controls, with a 67.5‐fold increase in the unglycosylated isoform (29 kDa) and a 5.2‐fold increase in the glycosylated isoform (31 kDa). In contrast, CRISP‐3 levels decreased following varicocelectomy, both in the unglycosylated (5.6‐fold decrease) and in the glycosylated (4.3‐fold decrease) isoforms.

Discussion

CRISP‐3, a protein involved in inflammation, is increased in seminal plasma of men with varicocoele and this is partially reversed by varicocelectomy. Monitoring its seminal levels may be useful for assessing inflammation‐related alterations to fertility in men with varicocoele.

Conclusion

We conclude that, in the presence of varicocoele, there is a marked increase in seminal CRISP‐3 levels. Surgical intervention (varicocelectomy) decreases CRISP‐3 levels and improves semen quality.
Biorthogonal Wavelet Surface Reconstruction Using Partial Integrations
Authors: Ren Xiaohua , Lyu Luan , He Xiaowei , Cao Wei , Yang Zhixin , Sheng Bin , Zhang Yanci , Wu Enhua
Published: October 2018

We introduce a new biorthogonal wavelet approach to creating a water‐tight surface defined by an implicit function, from a finite set of oriented points. Our approach aims at addressing problems with previous wavelet methods which are not resilient to missing or nonuniformly sampled data. To address the problems, our approach has two key elements. First, by applying a three‐dimensional partial integration, we derive a new integral formula to compute the wavelet coefficients without requiring the implicit function to be an indicator function. It can be shown that the previously used formula is a special case of our formula when the integrated function is an indicator function. Second, a simple yet general method is proposed to construct smooth wavelets with small support. With our method, a family of wavelets can be constructed with the same support size as previously used wavelets while having one more degree of continuity. Experiments show that our approach can robustly produce results comparable to those produced by the Fourier and Poisson methods, regardless of the input data being noisy, missing or nonuniform. Moreover, our approach does not need to compute global integrals or solve large linear systems.
Directing the Photography: Combining Cinematic Rules, Indirect Light Controls and Lighting‐by‐Example
Authors: Galvane Q. , Lino C. , Christie M. , Cozot R.
Published: October 2018

The placement of lights in a 3D scene is a technical and artistic task that requires time and trained skills. Most 3D modelling tools only provide a direct control of light sources, through the manipulation of parameters such as size, location, flux (the perceived power of light) or opening angle (the light frustum). Approaches have been relying on automated or semi‐automated techniques to relieve users from such low‐level manipulations at the expense of an important computational cost. In this paper, guided by discussions with experts in scene and object lighting, we propose an indirect control of area light sources. We first formalize the classical 3‐point lighting design principle (key‐light, fill‐lights and back/rim‐lights) in a parametric model. Given a key‐light placed in the scene, we then provide a computational approach to (i) automatically compute the position and size of fill‐lights and back/rim‐lights by analyzing the geometry of 3D character, and (ii) automatically compute the flux and size of key, fill and back/rim lights, given a sample reference image in a computationally efficient way. Results demonstrate the benefits of the approach on the quick lighting of 3D characters, and further demonstrate the feasibility of interactive control of multiple lights through image features.
Feature Generation for Adaptive Gradient‐Domain Path Tracing
Authors: Back Jonghee , Yoon Sung‐Eui , Moon Bochang
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we propose a new technique to incorporate recent adaptive rendering approaches built upon local regression theory into a gradient‐domain path tracing framework, in order to achieve high‐quality rendering results. Our method aims to reduce random artifacts introduced by random sampling on image colors and gradients. Our high‐level approach is to identify a feature image from noisy gradients, and pass the image to an existing local regression based adaptive method so that adaptive sampling and reconstruction using our feature can boost the performance of gradient‐domain rendering. To fulfill our idea, we derive an ideal feature in the form of image gradients and propose an estimation process for the ideal feature in the presence of noise in image gradients. We demonstrate that our integrated adaptive solution leads to performance improvement for a gradient‐domain path tracer, by seamlessly incorporating recent adaptive sampling and reconstruction strategies through our estimated feature.
Mumford‐Shah Mesh Processing using the Ambrosio‐Tortorelli Functional
Authors: Bonneel Nicolas , Coeurjolly David , Gueth Pierre , Lachaud Jacques‐Olivier
Published: October 2018

The Mumford‐Shah functional approximates a function by a piecewise smooth function. Its versatility makes it ideal for tasks such as image segmentation or restoration, and it is now a widespread tool of image processing. Recent work has started to investigate its use for mesh segmentation and feature lines detection, but we take the stance that the power of this functional could reach far beyond these tasks and integrate the everyday mesh processing toolbox. In this paper, we discretize an Ambrosio‐Tortorelli approximation via a Discrete Exterior Calculus formulation. We show that, combined with a new shape optimization routine, several mesh processing problems can be readily tackled within the same framework. In particular, we illustrate applications in mesh denoising, normal map embossing, mesh inpainting and mesh segmentation.
Learning Scene Illumination by Pairwise Photos from Rear and Front Mobile Cameras
Authors: Cheng Dachuan , Shi Jian , Chen Yanyun , Deng Xiaoming , Zhang Xiaopeng.
Published: October 2018

Illumination estimation is an essential problem in computer vision, graphics and augmented reality. In this paper, we propose a learning based method to recover low‐frequency scene illumination represented as spherical harmonic (SH) functions by pairwise photos from rear and front cameras on mobile devices. An end‐to‐end deep convolutional neural network (CNN) structure is designed to process images on symmetric views and predict SH coefficients. We introduce a novel Render Loss to improve the rendering quality of the predicted illumination. A high quality high dynamic range (HDR) panoramic image dataset was developed for training and evaluation. Experiments show that our model produces visually and quantitatively superior results compared to the state‐of‐the‐arts. Moreover, our method is practical for mobile‐based applications.
Automatic Mechanism Modeling from a Single Image with CNNs
Authors: Lin Minmin , Shao Tianjia , Zheng Youyi , Ren Zhong , Weng Yanlin , Yang Yin
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a novel system that enables a fully automatic modeling of both 3D geometry and functionality of a mechanism assembly from a single RGB image. The resulting 3D mechanism model highly resembles the one in the input image with the geometry, mechanical attributes, connectivity, and functionality of all the mechanical parts prescribed in a physically valid way. This challenging task is realized by combining various deep convolutional neural networks to provide high‐quality and automatic part detection, segmentation, camera pose estimation and mechanical attributes retrieval for each individual part component. On the top of this, we use a local/global optimization algorithm to establish geometric interdependencies among all the parts while retaining their desired spatial arrangement. We use an interaction graph to abstract the inter‐part connection in the resulting mechanism system. If an isolated component is identified in the graph, our system enumerates all the possible solutions to restore the graph connectivity, and outputs the one with the smallest residual error. We have extensively tested our system with a wide range of classic mechanism photos, and experimental results show that the proposed system is able to build high‐quality 3D mechanism models without user guidance.
Shape and Pose Estimation for Closely Interacting Persons Using Multi‐view Images
Authors: Li Kun , Jiao Nianhong , Liu Yebin , Wang Yangang , Yang Jingyu
Published: October 2018

Multi‐person pose and shape estimation is very challenging, especially when the persons have close interactions. Existing methods only work well when people are well spaced out in the captured images. However, close interaction among people is very common in real life, which is more challenge due to complex articulation, frequent occlusion and inherent ambiguities. We present a fully‐automatic markerless motion capture method to simultaneously estimate 3D poses and shapes of closely interacting people from multi‐view sequences. We first predict the 2D joints for each person in an image, and then design a spatio‐temporal tracker for multi‐person pose tracking based on multi‐view videos. Finally, we estimate 3D poses and shapes of all the persons with multi‐view constraints using a skinned multi‐person linear model (SMPL). Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves fast but accurate pose and shape estimation results for multi‐person close interaction cases. Compared with existing methods, our method does not need pre‐segmentation for each person and manual intervention, which greatly reduces the complexity of the system including time complexity and system processing complexity.
Decomposing Images into Layers with Advanced Color Blending
Authors: Koyama Yuki , Goto Masataka
Published: October 2018

Digital paintings are often created by compositing semi‐transparent layers using various advanced color‐blend modes, such as “color‐burn,” “multiply,” and “screen,” which can produce interesting non‐linear color effects. We propose a method of decomposing an input image into layers with such advanced color blending. Unlike previous layer‐decomposition methods, which typically support only linear color‐blend modes, ours can handle any user‐specified color‐blend modes. To enable this, we generalize a previous color‐unblending formulation, in which only a specific layering model was considered. We also introduce several techniques for adapting our generalized formulation to practical use, such as the post‐processing for refining smoothness. Our method lets users explore possible decompositions to find the one that matches for their purposes by manipulating the target color‐blend mode and desired color distribution for each layer, as well as the number of layers. Thus, the output of our method is a layered, easily editable image composition organized in a way that digital artists are familiar with. Our method is useful for remixing existing illustrations, flexibly editing single‐layer paintings, and bringing physically painted media (e.g., oil paintings) into a digital workflow.
GPU‐based Polynomial Finite Element Matrix Assembly for Simplex Meshes
Authors: Mueller‐Roemer J. S. , Stork A.
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we present a matrix assembly technique for arbitrary polynomial order finite element simulations on simplex meshes for graphics processing units (GPU). Compared to the current state of the art in GPU‐based matrix assembly, we avoid the need for an intermediate sparse matrix and perform assembly directly into the final, GPU‐optimized data structure. Thereby, we avoid the resulting 180% to 600% memory overhead, depending on polynomial order, and associated allocation time, while simplifying the assembly code and using a more compact mesh representation. We compare our method with existing algorithms and demonstrate significant speedups.
An overview of the Italian market for 2015: cooking quality and nutritional value of gluten‐free pasta
Authors: Morreale Federico , Boukid Fatma , Carini Eleonora , Federici Enrico , Vittadini Elena , Pellegrini Nicoletta
Published: October 2018

A roundup of gluten‐free (GF) pasta sold in the Italian market in 2015 was characterised throughout cooking behaviour, texture, colour and nutritional value. A preliminary evaluation of cooking quality of the thirty‐three available products underlined an extremely heterogeneous technological quality. Eleven categories were, therefore, discriminated based on the main ingredients declared on the labels. Interestingly, the most numerous category (rice and corn) was pulverised on the factorial space indicating highly heterogeneous properties. This result was confirmed throughout multivariate statistics and can be likely due to diversity in ingredients proportions or/and processing. Nutritional evaluation of GF pasta pointed out a good nutritional quality. Therefore, the combination of technological and nutritional analyses demonstrated a huge difference among the analysed pasta samples, which can increase the difficulty of consumers to make their choice, and leaves room for further improvement of GF pasta formulation and productive processing.
Effects of different souring methods on the protein quality and iron and zinc bioaccessibilities of non‐alcoholic beverages from sorghum and amaranth
Authors: Adeyanju Adeyemi A. , Kruger Johanita , Taylor John R. N. , Duodu Kwaku G.
Published: October 2018

Souring by lactic acid fermentation and lactic acid acidification as well as inclusion of amaranth were explored as ways of improving the protein quality and iron and zinc bioaccessibilities of non‐alcoholic sorghum‐based beverages. The bioaccessible iron and zinc increased by 128–372%, 24–194%, respectively, in the fermented and chemically acidified beverages compared to the beverages without fermentation or acidification. The protein digestibility, reactive lysine, and bioaccessible iron in sorghum‐amaranth beverages increased by 14–58%, 24–52% and 34–64%, respectively, compared with the 100% sorghum beverages. Both fermentation and acidification with lactic acid have the potentials for improving the nutritional quality of cereal‐based foods as a means of combating protein malnutrition and iron and zinc deficiencies.
Phase transition and piezoelectricity of BaZrO3‐modified (K,Na)NbO3 lead‐free piezoelectric thin films
Authors: Luo Jin , Zhang Suwei , Zhou Zhen , Zhang Yichi , Lee Hyun‐Young , Yue Zhenxing , Li Jing‐Feng
Published: October 2018

(K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) is a promising lead‐free ferroelectric/piezoelectric system, to which incorporating BaZrO3 can greatly enhance its piezoelectricity, but the mechanism is not clear. This work was conducted to investigate the phase transition in the BaZrO3‐modifed KNN system and its contribution to piezoelectricity enhancement, using thin films with a fixed orientation and high compositional homogeneity fabricated by a sol‐gel method. Two ferroelectric‐to‐ferroelectric phase transitions are revealed, which correspond to monoclinic MC‐ MA phase transition at higher temperature and rhombohedral‐monoclinic MC phase transition at lower temperature. It is difficult to distinguish these phases in KNN‐based bulk materials, but their differences are clear when conducting high‐resolution X‐ray reciprocal space mapping (RSM) on the present thin films. Piezoresponse force microscopy experiments also revealed an interesting finding that local piezoelectricity of monoclinic phases was higher than that of rhombohedral ones in KNN‐based thin films. This work could shed insights on the fundamental understandings for the effect of the chemical doping, and offer guidance for property optimization in the KNN‐based lead‐free piezoelectrics.
Serum 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furanpropanoic acid is associated with lipid profiles and might protect against non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese individuals
Authors: Dai Jiarong , Yi Jufen , Zhang Shan , Chen Peihong , Jin Hua , Yu Xuemei , Zhang Xueli
Published: October 2018

Aims/Introduction

High plasma 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) levels are significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is usually accompanied by metabolic syndrome and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with increased triglyceride levels. Thus, we hypothesized that elevated CMPF levels might be related to lipid metabolism and NAFLD risk.

Materials and Methods

Serum CMPF levels were determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in a total of 466 individuals, including 116 controls with no NAFLD or type 2 diabetes mellitus, 53 individuals with NAFLD but no type 2 diabetes mellitus, 151 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus but no NAFLD, and 146 individuals with both NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The associations with age, blood pressure, lipid profiles, body mass index and liver injury marker levels were examined, and a meta‐analysis of non‐diabetic and diabetic groups was carried out to detect the combined effects.

Results

The CMPF concentration in NAFLD patients was significantly lower than individuals without NAFLD in both the non‐diabetic group (P < 0.05) and diabetic group (P < 0.01), and correlated negatively with several parameters of liver function and the adiposity index. Meta‐analysis showed that serum CMPF levels was associated with decreased risk of NAFLD after combining the results (odds ratio 0.677, 95% confidence interval 0.552–0.831, P < 0.001). Additionally, the CMPF concentration was independently negatively associated with triglycerides and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in the meta‐analysis. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that body mass index, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride level, age, sex and fasting plasma glucose were independently associated with CMPF (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results suggest that serum CMPF levels are negatively related to lipid metabolism and could be used to predict NAFLD development.
Combining Cumulative Sum Change‐Point Detection Tests for Assessing the Stationarity of Univariate Time Series
Authors: Bücher Axel , Fermanian Jean‐David , Kojadinovic Ivan
Published: October 2018

We derive tests of stationarity for univariate time series by combining change‐point tests sensitive to changes in the contemporary distribution with tests sensitive to changes in the serial dependence. The proposed approach relies on a general procedure for combining dependent tests based on resampling. After proving the asymptotic validity of the combining procedure under the conjunction of null hypotheses and investigating its consistency, we study rank‐based tests of stationarity by combining cumulative sum change‐point tests based on the contemporary empirical distribution function and on the empirical autocopula at a given lag. Extensions based on tests solely focusing on second‐order characteristics are proposed next. The finite‐sample behaviors of all the derived statistical procedures for assessing stationarity are investigated in large‐scale Monte Carlo experiments, and illustrations on two real datasets are provided. Extensions to multi‐variate time series are briefly discussed as well.
Write Code, Save Lives: How a Community Uses Open Innovation to Address a Societal Challenge
Authors: Sims Jonathan , Gichoya Judy , Bhardwaj Gaurab , Bogers Marcel
Published: October 2018

This study explores how a community uses open innovation over time to tackle a global societal challenge. we conduct an in‐depth case study of OpenMRS, an open‐source software community providing affordable medical record‐keeping software in developing nations. We develop a process model that describes how inbound, outbound, and coupled open innovation influenced the community through four discrete phases of community development. We explain how the founders’ vision led to the creation of the community, and how increasing community participation and community governance facilitated its growth. Interestingly, we found that economic opportunities made possible by open innovation may paradoxically create challenges to community sustainability. Ultimately, this study expands our understanding of open innovation communities in different settings, and their role in addressing societal challenges.
Benefits, challenges, and opportunities using home hemodialysis with a focus on Mississippi, a rural southern state
Authors: Salim Sohail Abdul , Zsom Lajos , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Fülöp Tibor
Published: October 2018

The prevalence of end‐stage renal disease continues to increase in the United States with commensurate need for renal replacement therapies. Hemodialysis continues to be the predominant modality, though less than 2% of these patients will receive hemodialysis in their own home. While home modalities utilizing peritoneal dialysis have been growing, home hemodialysis (HHD) remains underutilized despite studies showing regression in left ventricular mass, improved quality of life, reduced depressive symptoms, and decreased postdialysis recovery time. To increase penetration of HHD will require a proactive approach from both physicians and dialysis networks to address barriers both in the system and on the level of the patients and families. We are reviewing these issues with a focus on the state of Mississippi.
Generalized and Contingent Trust of Others Among Sexual Minority Individuals
Authors: Platt Lisa F. , Scheitle Christopher P.
Published: October 2018

Objective

This study examines how perceptions of the trustworthiness of others are influenced by an individual's sexual orientation. We hypothesize that gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals will be more likely than heterosexual individuals to express generalized distrust and what we conceptualize as contingent trust. The latter is represented by responses of “it depends.”

Methods

Using data from the 2008–2016 General Social Surveys, we conduct multinomial logistic regression analyses to examine patterns of trust in others, with a particular focus on differences across sexual orientation groups.

Results

We find that gay or lesbian individuals are significantly more likely than heterosexual individuals to say that their trust of others “depends.” Bisexual individuals, however, do not significantly differ from heterosexual individuals.

Conclusion

This study contributes to the trust literature by considering the influence of sexual orientation as well as expanding upon the idea of contingent trust. Future research could build upon this by also considering the “depends” response as a conceptually unique attitude toward trust of others.
The Monetary Transmission Mechanism in Canada: A Time-Varying Vector Autoregression with Stochastic Volatility
Authors: Lange Ronald Henry
Published: October 2018

This study uses the state-space representation of a time-varying vector autoregression with stochastic volatility (TVP-VAR-SV) to study monetary policy and private sector behaviour in Canada. The main results indicate that both shock variances and autoregressive coefficients of the VAR have evolved systematically over time. The time-varying coefficients of the systematic component of the VAR suggest that monetary policy has become more proactive and less reactive regarding inflation since the early-1990s, which coincides with the adoption of explicit inflation targets. Monetary policy is now able to focus mainly on movements in the output gap to prevent future increases in inflation. The coefficients on the policy rate in both the output gap and inflation equations suggest that the private sector and therefore the transmission mechanism have become more sensitive to monetary policy responses. On the other hand, the coefficients on the output gap in the equations for both inflation and the policy rate have been relatively stable over this period, consistent with view that monetary policy remains more forward-looking regarding inflation than being reactive to inflation surprises as in the past.
Macroeconomic Determinants of Infant Mortality in WAEMU Countries: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Abbuy Edem K.
Published: October 2018

This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of infant mortality in WAEMU countries for the period 1980–2016. A panel data model from WAEMU countries was used to identify the macroeconomic determinants of infant mortality. We used fixed effects instrumental variables (FE-IV) estimator in panel data model. Our analysis using econometric estimations after correcting for endogeneity showed that female literacy, GDP per capita as a proxy for income, public health expenditure as a percentage of GDP and urbanization significantly affect infant mortality rate in a negative way.
Engineering Candidates' Metaphorical Perceptions of About Energy
Authors: Berber Nilüfer Cerit
Published: October 2018

It is generally difficult to define abstract concepts for students. However, perceptions related to abstract concepts or facts can be revealed using metaphors because people frequently express their emotions, ideas and perceptions by means of metaphors. Through metaphors, students can express what they want to say more effectively with fewer words. Metaphorical perceptions are verbal expressions of individuals related to their perceptions about the external world, and these may help them to reveal the current situation related to the concept on their minds. Energy is a complex concept since it is abstract as well as it concerns all scientific fields. The purpose of this study is to determine metaphorical perceptions of the engineering candidates about energy. The research was conducted using the phenomenological research method which is a qualitative research method. The research population consisted of 148 grade 3 students who were studying at Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Engineering and Architecture during the spring semester of Academic Year in 2016-2017. Considering the results of the research, the metaphors of the engineering candidates about energy were classified in 7 categories. These categories are; energy as the reason of existence, energy as an issue of physics, energy as the base of technology, energy as the base of development, energy as a non consumable substance, energy as a consumable substance and energy as a transformable substance.
Inferencia estadística de las variables del control interno en una entidad hospitalaria de acuerdo con la percepción de sus actores
Authors: Vega de la Cruz Leudis Orlando , Pérez Pravia Milagros Caridad , Tapia Claro Ileana Irene
Published: October 2018

Al ser un aspecto que se aplica a múltiples procesos, el control ha sido denominado de diferentes maneras: control de gestión, financiero, administrativo, de calidad, de producción o interno. En la actualidad, los directivos se enfrentan a la difícil tarea de entender su funcionamiento, una labor notable por su complejidad, pues es efectuada en primer lugar por la dirección y el resto del personal. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una inferencia estadística de las variables del control interno en una entidad hospitalaria, con información derivada de la percepción de sus actores. Con ese propósito, se desarrolló un instrumento de veintiséis ítems que abarcan los cinco componentes del control interno. En concordancia, se recurrió a unas de las ciencias pertinentes para el análisis de inferencias: la estadística multivariada, la cual es representada por el análisis factorial y el clúster. Como resultado, se obtienen los componentes según la debilidad de las variables, que son medidas de acuerdo con la percepción de los actores, su validez y su fiabilidad. Además, esta proporciona una estrategia a los directivos de la entidad hospitalaria que es objeto de estudio, de acuerdo con el diagnóstico de las variables del control interno.
Feasibility of interleaved Bayesian adaptive procedures in estimating the equal-loudness contour
Authors: Shen Yi , Zhang Celia , Zhang Zhuohuang
Published: October 2018

A Bayesian adaptive procedure, the interleaved-equal-loudness contour (IELC) procedure, was developed to improve the efficiency in estimating the equal-loudness contour. Experiment 1 evaluated the test-retest reliability of the IELC procedure using six naive normal-hearing listeners. Two IELC runs of 200 trials were conducted and excellent test-retest reliability was found at both the group and individual levels. Using the same group of listeners, Experiment 2 compared the IELC procedure to two other procedures that required frequency-by-frequency testing. One of these procedures was the commonly adopted interleaved staircase (ISC) procedure from Jesteadt [(1980). Atten. Percept. Psychophys. 28, 85–88]. The other procedure, the interleaved maximum-likelihood (IML) procedure, was a modification of the updated maximum-likelihood procedure [Shen and Richards (2012). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 132, 957–967]. For each of the ISC and IML procedures, two runs of approximately 500 trials were conducted, followed by one additional IELC run. The test-retest reliability of the IELC procedure was comparable to that of the ISC and IML procedure. The accuracies of all three procedures measured in Experiment 2 were similar, which was superior to the accuracies of the IELC runs from Experiment 1, indicating a potential training effect.
Real-time tracking of a surface ship using a bottom-mounted horizontal array
Authors: Byun Gihoon , Song H. C. , Kim J. S. , Park J. S.
Published: October 2018

The cascade of blind deconvolution and array invariant has been successful to localize and track a surface ship radiating random waveforms, using a 56-m long vertical array in 100-m deep shallow water. In this paper, it is shown that a 60-m long, bottom-mounted horizontal array can be utilized for blind deconvolution to extract the Green's functions from the same ship (100–800 Hz), in conjunction with the array invariant for source-range estimation. The additional information obtained with a horizontal array is the source bearing (azimuth angle, ϕ) from the well-resolved ray angle identified for blind deconvolution to extract the phase component of the unknown source waveforms. The overall tracking performance shows good agreement with global positioning system (GPS) measurements to less than 11% in terms of standard deviation of relative range error at ranges of 0.3–1.5 km, except when the ship is around the broadside (e.g., |ϕ|<25°) of the horizontal array. On the other hand, the source bearings are in excellent agreement with the GPS data except near the endfire due to the lower angular resolution. The potential for simultaneous localization of multiple ships is also discussed.
Single-molecule observation of nucleotide induced conformational changes in basal SecA-ATP hydrolysis
Authors: Chada Nagaraju , Chattrakun Kanokporn , Marsh Brendan P. , Mao Chunfeng , Bariya Priya , King Gavin M.
Published: October 2018

We visualize ATP-driven domain dynamics of individual SecA molecules in a near-native setting using atomic force microscopy.
Minimal PAM specificity of a highly similar SpCas9 ortholog
Authors: Chatterjee Pranam , Jakimo Noah , Jacobson Joseph M.
Published: October 2018

S. canis
Cas9 is a natural CRISPR enzyme that uses two motif insertions to enable flexible targeting of DNA sequences.
Systems biology–based drug repositioning identifies digoxin as a potential therapy for groups 3 and 4 medulloblastoma
Authors: Huang Lei , Garrett Injac Sarah , Cui Kemi , Braun Frank , Lin Qi , Du Yuchen , Zhang Huiyuan , Kogiso Mari , Lindsay Holly , Zhao Sibo , Baxter Patricia , Adekunle Adesina , Man Tsz-Kwong , Zhao Hong , Li Xiao-Nan , Lau Ching C. , Wong Stephen T. C.
Published: October 2018

Systematic drug repositioning identifies digoxin as a potential treatment for groups 3 and 4 medulloblastoma.
Fetal against fatal: In utero genome editing to prevent metabolic disease
Authors: Houtkooper Riekelt
Published: October 2018

In utero CRISPR editing allows early intervention for inborn errors of metabolism in mice.
That silent alliance: HIV and smoke promote lung diseases
Authors: Segal Leopoldo N.
Published: October 2018

Smoking and HIV independently and synergistically promote pathophysiological changes consistent with chronic lung disease in macaques.
Genomic and Transcriptomic Basis of Hanseniaspora vineae's Impact on Flavor Diversity and Wine Quality
Authors: Giorello Facundo , Valera Maria Jose , Martin Valentina , Parada Andres , Salzman Valentina , Camesasca Laura , Fariña Laura , Boido Eduardo , Medina Karina , Dellacassa Eduardo , Berna Luisa , Aguilar Pablo S. , Mas Albert , Gaggero Carina , Carrau Francisco
Published: October 2018

The huge diversity of non-
Saccharomyces
yeasts in grapes is dominated by the apiculate genus
Hanseniaspora
. Two native strains of
Hanseniaspora vineae
applied to winemaking because of their high oenological potential in aroma and fermentation performance were selected to obtain high-quality genomes. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis and the complete transcriptome and aroma metabolome of
H. vineae
during three fermentation steps. This species produced significantly richer flavor compound diversity than
Saccharomyces
, including benzenoids, phenylpropanoids, and acetate-derived compounds. The identification of six proteins, different from
S. cerevisiae
ATF, with diverse acetyltransferase domains in
H. vineae
offers a relevant source of native genetic variants for this enzymatic activity. The discovery of benzenoid synthesis capacity in
H. vineae
provides a new eukaryotic model to dilucidate an alternative pathway to that catalyzed by plants’ phenylalanine lyases.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Arcobacter molluscorum Type Strain LMG 25693
Authors: Miller William G. , Yee Emma , Bono James L.
Published: October 2018

As components of freshwater and marine microflora,
Arcobacter
spp. are often recovered from shellfish, such as mussels, clams, and oysters.
Is chronic low back pain a risk factor for diabetes? The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study
Authors: Heuch Ingrid , Heuch Ivar , Hagen Knut , Sørgjerd Elin Pettersen , Åsvold Bjørn Olav , Zwart John-Anker
Published: October 2018

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the risk of diabetes associated with the presence or absence of chronic low back pain, considering both cross-sectional and cohort data.

Research design and methods

Analyses were based on the Norwegian HUNT2 and HUNT3 surveys of Nord-Trøndelag County. The prevalence of diabetes was compared in groups with and without chronic low back pain among 45 157 participants aged 30–69 years. Associations between low back pain at baseline and risk of diabetes were examined in an 11-year follow-up of 30 380 individuals with no baseline diagnosis of diabetes. The comorbidity between diabetes and low back pain was assessed at the end of follow-up. All analyses were carried out considering generalized linear models incorporating adjustment for other relevant risk factors.

Results

Cross-sectional analyses did not reveal any association between low back pain and diabetes. With adjustment for age, body mass index, physical activity and smoking, the cohort study of women showed a significant association between low back pain at baseline and risk of diabetes (RR 1.30; 95%  CI 1.09 to 1.54, p=0.003). The association differed between age groups (p=0.015), with a stronger association in relatively young women. In men, no association was found in the whole age range (RR 1.02; 95%  CI 0.86 to 1.21, p=0.82). No association was observed between diabetes and chronic low back pain at the end of follow-up.

Conclusion

Among younger women, those with chronic low back pain may have an increased risk of diabetes.
Factors that determine aneurysm occlusion after embolization with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB)
Authors: Kabbasch Christoph , Goertz Lukas , Siebert Eberhard , Herzberg Moriz , Borggrefe Jan , Dorn Franziska , Liebig Thomas
Published: October 2018

Background

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a novel endovascular tool for the treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms.

Objective

To evaluate factors influencing aneurysm occlusion and aneurysm recurrence after WEB embolization.

Methods

A total of 113 patients (mean age 58.9±11.9 years) with 114 aneurysms (mean size 8.6±4.6 mm) were successfully treated with the WEB device at three German tertiary care centers between May 2011 and February 2018. Aneurysm occlusion was evaluated using the Raymond-Roy occlusion classification. We retrospectively collected patient characteristics, anatomical details, and procedural aspects and evaluated their impact on aneurysm occlusion and recurrence.

Results

Of 98 patients available for a 6-month angiographic follow-up, complete occlusion was achieved in 62.2%, neck remnants in 21.4%, and aneurysm remnants in 16.3%. Aneurysm recurrence occurred in 15.3%. Initial partial aneurysm thrombosis, recurrent aneurysms, aneurysm size, and simultaneous treatment by WEB and coil were associated with aneurysm remnants (p<0.05). Initial partial aneurysm thrombosis, increasing aneurysm size, and treatment by WEB and coil also predicted aneurysm recurrence (p<0.05).

In the subgroup analysis of 71 aneurysms treated with WEB only, initial incomplete occlusion and male sex were associated with aneurysm remnants (p<0.05), while aneurysm height correlated with aneurysm recurrence (p=0.008).

Conclusions

The WEB provides a high rate of adequate occlusion even in a subset of complex wide-necked intracranial aneurysms. Anatomic results tend to be less favourable in large and partially thrombosed aneurysms and after treatment with WEB and coil.
Effects of mobile phone use on pedestrian crossing behavior and safety at unsignalized intersections
Authors: Zhang Hualong , Zhang Cunbao , Chen Feng , Wei YuanYuan
Published: October 2018

Using mobile phones can be a source of distraction for pedestrians when crossing streets, it is especially dangerous at unsignalized intersections. To investigate the effects of mobile phone use on pedestrian crossing behavior and safety at unsignalized intersections, we carried out a field survey at three selected locations in Wuhan, China. Then, the pedestrians’ crossing behavior characteristics were statistically analyzed, and a logistic regression model was established to quantitatively analyze pedestrian safety. The results showed that 15.6% of pedestrians used mobile phones when crossing unsignalized intersections and 64.1% of them were young pedestrians. Pedestrians using mobile phones while crossing unsignalized intersections were at higher risk of accident, crossed more slowly, and were less likely to look at traffic status than those not using a mobile phone. Moreover, the probability of conflicts when watching the screen, talking, and listening to music are 2.704, 1.793, and 1.114 times greater, respectively, than those who do not use a mobile phone.
Adiabatic currents for interacting fermions on a lattice
Authors: Monaco Domenico , Teufel Stefan
Published: October 2018

We prove an adiabatic theorem for general densities of observables that are sums of local terms in finite systems of interacting fermions, without periodicity assumptions on the Hamiltonian and with error estimates that are uniform in the size of the system. Our result provides an adiabatic expansion to all orders, in particular, also for the initial data that lie in eigenspaces of degenerate eigenvalues. Our proof is based on ideas from [ 10 ], where Bachmann et al. proved an adiabatic theorem for interacting spin systems.

As one important application of this adiabatic theorem, we provide the first rigorous derivation of the adiabatic response formula for the current density induced by an adiabatic change of the Hamiltonian of a system of interacting fermions in a ground state, with error estimates uniform in the system size. We also discuss the application to quantum Hall systems.
Implications of the ρ(s) measurements by TOTEM at the LHC
Authors: Troshin S. M. , Tyurin N. E.
Published: October 2018

Implications of the recent measurements of the parameter [Formula: see text] (ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward scattering elastic amplitude) by TOTEM collaboration at [Formula: see text] = 13 TeV are discussed with emphasis on the rising energy dependence of the ratio of elastic to total cross-sections.
Matrix model of strength distribution: Extension and phase transition
Authors: Kingan Arun , Zamick Larry
Published: October 2018

In this work, we extend a previous study of matrix models of strength distributions. We still retain the nearest neighbor coupling mode but we extend the values of the coupling parameter [Formula: see text]. We consider extremes, from very small [Formula: see text] to very large [Formula: see text]. We first use the same transition operator as before [Formula: see text]. For this case, we get an exponential decrease for small [Formula: see text], as expected, but we get a phase transition beyond [Formula: see text]=10, where we get separate exponentials for even [Formula: see text] and for odd [Formula: see text]. We now also consider the dipole choice where [Formula: see text].
AN ECO-SYSTEMS APPROACH TO CONSTRUCTING ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY MEASURES: ENDOGENIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL DIMENSION USING LOTKA–VOLTERRA EQUATIONS
Authors: IVANOVA INGA , STRAND ØIVIND , LEYDESDORFF LOET
Published: October 2018

Economic complexity measures have been constructed on the basis of bipartite country-product network data, but without paying attention to the technological dimension or manufacturing capabilities. In this study, we submit a Ternary Complexity Index (TCI), which explicitly incorporates technological knowledge as a third dimension, measured in terms of patents. Different from a complexity indicator based on the Triple Helix model (THCI) or a measure based on patents and countries (PatCI), TCI — products, countries, and patents — can be modeled in terms of Lotka–Volterra equations and thus the further evolution of an innovation eco-system can be specified. We test the model using empirical data. The results of a regression analysis show that TCI improves on Hidalgo and Hausmann’s [The building blocks of economic complexity, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106 (26) (2009) 10570–10575] and Tacchella et al.’s [A new metrics for countries fitness and products complexity, Sci. Rep. 2 (2012)] complexity measures with respect to both the ranking of countries in terms of their complexity and in terms of the correlation with GDP per capita.
Quasiclassical trajectory calculations of CD3CHO dissociation to CD2H + DCO on a global potential energy surface
Authors: Han Yong-Chang
Published: October 2018

We present a quasiclassical trajectory study of the photodissociation of CD3CHO based on a global ab initio-based potential energy surface. Calculations are performed at the total energy corresponding to the photolysis wavelength of 280[Formula: see text]nm. In addition to the major radical and molecular products, CD[Formula: see text] and CD3H [Formula: see text] CO, respectively, this paper focuses on the unusual radical channel CD2H [Formula: see text] DCO, which requires a D/H exchange process before the conventional C–C bond cleavage. Five D/H exchange mechanisms are reported, which are related to the isomerizations from acetaldehyde to vinyl alcohol and back, to oxirane and back, and to the intermediate (CD–CHD–OD) and back. These D/H exchange mechanisms are in good agreement with the experimental findings [Heazlewood BR, Maccarone AT, Andrews DU, Osborn DL, Harding LB, Klippenstein SJ, Jordan MJT, Kable SH, Nat Chem 3:443, 2011].
EMERGENCE OF INNOVATION CHAMPIONS: DIFFERENCES IN THE R&D COLLABORATION PROCESS BETWEEN SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY
Authors: HAMADI THOMAS , LEKER JENS , MEERHOLZ KLAUS
Published: October 2018

Innovation champions have been subject in various innovation management studies which showed that the existence of innovation champions is beneficial for innovation projects in various ways. However, innovation champion theory lacks understanding at what point in various innovation phases different innovation champions promote a project. By taking a dynamic view on the emergence of innovation champions in the inter-organisational innovation process, we show that it is not important that innovation champions exist all the time in an open innovation project, but at the right time. Furthermore, by analysing science-industry R&D collaboration projects, we provide insights in the innovation champion differences between science and industry partners and in the specific contributions these roles make for each partner.
Effect handlers for the masses
Authors: Brachthäuser Jonathan Immanuel , Schuster Philipp , Ostermann Klaus
Published: October 2018

Effect handlers are a program structuring paradigm with rising popularity in the functional programming language community and can express many advanced control flow abstractions. We present the first implementation of effect handlers for Java - an imperative, object oriented programming language. Our framework consists of three core components: A type selective CPS transformation via JVM bytecode transformation, an implementation of delimited continuations on top of the bytecode transformation and finally a library for effect handlers in terms of delimited continuations.