bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicações do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes de Fugulin: um Estudo Bibliométrico
Authors: Vieira Alcivan , de Souza Maximiano Luzia Cibele , Chaves Fontoura Fabíola , Costa Fernandes Marcelo , Felipe de Lima Costa Kalídia , Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti José Rodolfo
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: a pesquisa objetivou explorar como está sendo aplicado o Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes de Fugulin nas unidades hospitalares. Método: revisão bibliométrica realizada por meio da consulta em sete periódicos nacionais e internacionais para o período de 1999 a 2021. Os periódicos escolhidos foram encontrados na Bases de Dados de Enfermagem, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online, National Library of Medicine, Scopus, Web Of Science e Cochrane. Foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras-chave: Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes, Cuidados de Enfermagem e Enfermagem. Resultados: Foram encontradas 118 publicações e após a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão 48 publicações foram consideradas pertinentes ao tema. Em sua maioria correspondem a estudos desenvolvidos na Região Sudeste do país, por pesquisadores ligados a uma única universidade. As aplicações do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes de Fugulin estão relacionadas à identificação do grau de dependência de cuidados de enfermagem e da carga de trabalho da equipe; na identificação dos custos das atividades de enfermagem; na análise da distribuição do tempo de trabalho da enfermagem; na identificação e análise do comportamento do tempo médio de assistência de enfermagem; na identificação de parâmetros para o dimensionamento de pessoal e na avaliação da complexidade assistencial de pacientes internados em clínica médica. Conclusões: o Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes de Fugulin tem sido aplicado em várias perspectivas da prática da enfermagem hospitalar, na classificação das necessidades de cuidado, definição de custos e no dimensionamento de pessoal.
Exploring the Synergy of Multimodal Representations for Robust and Interpretable Learning
Authors: Srivastava Mashrin
Published: March 2023

The rapidly evolving field of multimodal representation learning (MRL) has demonstrated its potential to leverage the richness of diverse data modalities for various applications. This paper aims to contribute to the MRL workshop by addressing the fundamental questions related to the properties of multimodal representations, the training approaches, and the modalities themselves. We investigate the useful properties of multimodal representations, the geometry of the representation space, and the limits of representation models in regard to the number of modalities. We conduct a comprehensive analysis to identify useful properties of multimodal representations, focusing on the semantic information encoded in the learned representations. We propose a novel geometric approach to measure the quality of the learned representations, considering both intra-modal and inter-modal similarities. We explore the role of learning objectives in shaping the resulting representations and their impact on promoting robustness against adversarial attacks, missing input modalities, and noise. Finally, we delve into the quantification of (dis)similarity between modalities and their respective contributions to the semantics of the learned representations.
Open Science in Applied Linguistics: An Introduction to Metascience
Authors: Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Hiver Phil
Published: March 2023

In this chapter, we provide an overview of various topics related to open science, drawing often (and necessarily) on work outside of applied linguistics. Here, we define open science more broadly. Rather than limiting open science to the question of whether a study and its data are open access or behind a paywall, this chapter defines open science more generally as transparency in all aspects of the research process (see also Gass et al., 2021). From this perspective, the most relevant discipline dealing with these issues is metascience (or meta-research).
Metrics and Measurements in Church-Based Research
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: March 2023

To better understand the characteristics of specific churches and phenomena that occur across churches, various metrics and measurements can be used to describe them. Measurements must be meaningful and appropriate. Quantities involving people, finances, objects, or events are most frequently counted, but other measures may include behaviors, traits, skills, knowledge, and abilities of individuals. Measuring phenomena is necessary to understand how phenomena are related to each other. Measuring attitudes and beliefs are especially important because many ministries in churches are designed to influence these (e.g., preaching and teaching). However, from a Christian perspective, our motivation behind our measuring is important. We are morally obliged to ensure that measurements made are motivated by a desire to serve others and the Lord, not for boasting in our own accomplishments.
Introduction to the special issue: Transdisciplinary research methods and CDST in applied linguistics
Authors: Hiver Phil , Al-Hoorie Ali H.
Published: March 2023

Complexity theory/dynamic systems theory (CDST) has captured the imagination of many in the field of applied linguistics (Larsen-Freeman and Cameron 2008; Ortega and Han 2017). As recent syntheses of the growing number of CDST-informed strands of applied linguistics research illustrates, it has emerged as an important influence on applied linguists’ thinking (see Larsen-Freeman 2017). The fact that CDST has continued to permeate questions throughout the field is to be expected and welcomed.
Exploring the Synergy of Symbolic and Neural Approaches: Advancements in Neurosymbolic Generative Models for Complex Data Structures and Applications
Authors: Srivastava Mashrin
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we explore the synergy of symbolic and neural approaches in the context of neurosymbolic generative models. These models integrate the strengths of symbolic models in representing abstract concepts and logical reasoning with the learning and generalization capabilities of neural models, opening new avenues for dealing with complex data structures and applications. We delve into various aspects of neurosymbolic generative models, including neurosymbolic programming, generative models for discrete structures, probabilistic circuits and tractable models, causality-inspired generative models, and their applications in natural language processing, computer vision, programming, and robotics. Furthermore, we discuss the evaluation and comparison of neurosymbolic generative models to regular generative models, highlighting their potential benefits and challenges. By investigating the advancements in neurosymbolic generative models, we aim to shed light on the future of this interdisciplinary research area and its potential impact on various fields.
Growing and Declining Churches Face Different Challenges: A Statistical Analysis of the Top Ten Challenges Facing Churches Study
Authors: Dunaetz David Robert
Published: March 2023

The data behind the study The Top Ten Challenges Facing Churches (Moody, 2023) is presented and analyzed with a focus on differences between growing churches and non-growing churches. Church leaders (N = 129) indicated how difficult they believed it would be for North American churches to overcome 50 potential challenges. For most challenges, no significant difference between the church leaders from growing and non-growing churches was detected. However, church leaders from non-growing churches viewed 1) attractiveness of programs, 2) retaining young adults, 3) youth programs, 4) small group participation, and 5) effective strategy as more difficult challenges to overcome than leaders from growing churches. Church leaders from growing churches viewed church conflict as a greater challenge than leaders from non-growing churches. An analysis of these differences provides insights for addressing these challenges.
False Information Literacy During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zak Elizabeth
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is a confusing time. Because COVID-19 was a new evolution of a virus, much of the information surrounding it was ever-evolving. Although a vaccine was quickly developed, and it was approved by the FDA for emergency use, people were still skeptical of its efficacy and safety. Malicious internet users chose to spread mis- and disinformation about the vaccine. An explosion of information literacy has accompanied the spread of misinformation. Specifically, people used the internet to combat misinformation and spread true information about both the virus and its corresponding vaccine. By using a case study of an article, I choose to explore the methods in which malicious users spread misinformation and specifically the language used to spread this misinformation. While doctors and other public health experts have used the internet to argue against misinformation, malicious users have also used their medical qualifications, applicable or otherwise, to demonstrate credibility. Similarly, arguments such as “believe science” or “trust the evidence” have been twisted to spread misinformation. Finally, visualizations showing a false relationship between otherwise-unrelated topics spread quickly. While information literacy is an important tool, malicious users have co-opted the language used to obtain credibility. Identifying the forms that this false information literacy takes is one step in understanding how to combat it.
Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa pada Tn.F Dengan Masalah Halusinasi di Ruang Pusuk Buhit
Authors: Lubis Alhamdika Ansyahri
Published: March 2023

Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe and disabling disorder of the brain characterized by disorganized thoughts, delusions, hallucinations and strange or catatonic behavior. Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic mental disorder characterized by communication difficulties, reality disturbances, abnormal or blunted affect, impaired cognitive function and difficulty in carrying out daily activities. Hallucinations are one of the mental disorders in which a person is unable to distinguish between real life with fake life. The impact that arises from patients with hallucinations experiencing panic, behavior controlled by their hallucinations, can commit suicide or kill people, and other violent behavior that can endanger themselves and those around them. Auditory hallucinations are characterized by the behavior of someone who suddenly seems to laugh to himself, talk to himself, get angry, to cover his ears because the patient thinks someone is talking to him. The research method used is a case study using psychiatric nursing care for Mr. F with impaired sensory perception: auditory hallucinations. RSJ.Prof Dr Muhammad Ildrem in the pusuk buhit Room. Obtained data on clients who experience sensory perception disorders: auditory hallucinations. The client's medical diagnosis is paranoid schizophrenia. With a nursing diagnosis of auditory hallucinations, social isolation and self-care deficit. The results of the analysis show that nursing interventions with implementation strategies (SP) can reduce signs and symptoms of hallucinations in patients after being given nursing actions
Engagement in language learning: A systematic review of 20 years of research methods and definitions
Authors: Hiver Phil , Al-Hoorie Ali H. , vitta joesph p , Wu Janice
Published: March 2023

At the turn of the new millennium, in an article published in Language Teaching Research in 2000, Dörnyei and Kormos proposed that ‘active learner engagement is a key concern’ for all instructed language learning. Since then, language engagement research has increased exponentially. In this article, we present a systematic review of 20 years of language engagement research. To ensure robust coverage, we searched 21 major journals on second language acquisition (SLA) and applied linguistics and identified 112 reports satisfying our inclusion criteria. The results of our analysis of these reports highlighted the adoption of heterogeneous methods and conceptual frameworks in the language engagement literature, as well as indicating a need to refine the definitions and operationalizations of engagement in both quantitative and qualitative research. Based on these findings, we attempted to clarify some lingering ambiguity around fundamental definitions, and to more clearly delineate the scope and target of language engagement research. We also discuss future avenues to further advance understanding of the nature, mechanisms, and outcomes resulting from engagement in language learning.
Identifikasi dan Observasi Serangga pada Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) di Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Borisallo Kecamatan Parangloe Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Ali Nurjamilah Zakiyah , St. Aisyah Sijid  , Said Haris
Published: March 2023

Tanaman coklat (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan Indonesia yang paling banyak di budidayakan, namun ekosistem pertanian di Indonesia yang beriklim tropis memiliki berbagai jenis musuh alami baik itu parasitoid maupun predator yang secara efektif dapat menekan populasi serangga hama. Serangga menjadikan tanaman kakao sebagai rumah, memakan, atau menghisap cairan pada daun, buah, batang sehingga menyebabkan kerusakan sekaligus kematian. Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Desa Borisallo, Kecamatan Parangloe Kabupaten Gowa tersebut sebagian besarnya ditumbuhi oleh tanaman kakao namun pertumbuhannya tidak maksimal dikarenakan serangan serangga hama. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui serangga jenis apa saja yang dapat menyerang tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 18-17 Januari 2023 di Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) Borisallo, Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode jelajah yang dilakukan secara acak dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung pada tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). hasil pengamatan menunjukkan sebanyak 4 Ordo, 4 famili, dan 5 spesies. Serangga-serangga tersebut menyerang batang, bunga, buah dan daun.
When and Why do People Accept Public Policy Interventions? An Integrative Public Policy Acceptance Framework (in press)
Authors: Grelle Sonja , Hofmann Wilhelm
Published: March 2023

The successful introduction of public policies to prompt behavior change hinges on the degree to which citizens endorse the proposed policies. While there is a large body of research on psychological determinants of policy acceptance, these determinants have not yet been synthesized into an integrative framework that proposes hypotheses about their interplay. In this article, we develop a review-based, integrative public policy acceptance framework that introduces the desire for governmental support as a motivational foundation in public policy acceptance. The framework traces the route from problem awareness to policy acceptance and, ultimately, policy compliance. We propose this relationship to be mediated by the motivation to desire governmental support. We integrate numerous key variables assumed to qualify the relationship between problem awareness and the desire for governmental support, such as control attributions, trust, and value fit, as well as the relationship between the desire for governmental support and policy acceptance, such as perceived policy effectiveness, intrusiveness, and fairness. We exemplify the use of the proposed framework applying it to climate policies.
The W-type Multi-Fold Hypothesis and The Quantum Physics Interpretation of Wave Functions and QFT
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: March 2023

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model (SM) without new Physics other than gravity. These considerations hints at a even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model.The E/G duality, between entanglement and gravity, opens the door to postulate additional gravity-like effects and multi-fold mechanisms among spacetime points covered by a quantum wave functions or by Quantum Fields. These are plausible by-products of the multi-fold mechanisms, not necessarily mandated, or derived by our work so far, captured in an hypothetical new class of multi-fold universe denoted as W-type. It is the W-type hypothesis. In a W-type of multi-fold universe, we argue that we can explain the Born rule (on a discrete spacetime) without discussing measurements, or instantaneous wave function collapses as well as address the measurements problem, Wigner’s friend paradoxes, and the classical aspects of macroscopic Physics vs. the quantum Physics at microscopic level. It amounts to positioning a new candidate for interpretation of Quantum Physics, while still remaining compatible with existing interpretations (unfortunately as it does not exclude any). The W-type hypothesis leads also to a better understanding of the irreversibility of Physics, confirms it and indicate that W-Type multi-fold models, including the Multi-fold reconstruction, seem candidates to a more fundamental theory from which Quantum Physics emerges. It motivates also the duality between Entropy and Physical Action even for a single particle. Also, it reminds of the ergodic hypothesis of Boltzmann.
N-S versus E-W extension in the Tibetan plateau: Are they driven by the same dynamics?
Authors: maiti Giridas , Roy Arnab , Mandal Nibir
Published: March 2023

The tectonic history of the Himalaya-Tibet Mountain Range records two important extensional tectonic events: 1) N-S extension in the Himalaya-Tibet transition zone, and 2) E-W extension in the southern and central Tibet, manifested in the form of east-west and north-south striking normal faults, respectively. The N-S extensional event (~22 Ma) started to commence earlier than the E-W extension (~18 Ma) and phased out by ~11 Ma, whereas the E-W extension continued to recent time (~4 Ma), suggesting a temporally overlapping period of ~7 Myr. This article addresses the question- did they originate from the same dynamical process? Using numerical and laboratory experiments, we show that a decreasing India-Asia convergence velocity induced gravitational collapse of the Tibetan plateau is the main driving force for both the extensional tectonic events, but they were controlled by two different mechanisms. Our results show that with a drop in the convergence velocity southern Tibet underwent gravitational collapse due to pressure relaxation in the underlying Himalayan wedge, and the collapse forced the deep crustal materials to extrude up, creating N-S extension (22 – 11 Ma) along the Himalaya-Tibet transition zone. On the other hand, presence of rigid Tarim block in north-western Tibet caused differential topographic uplifts from west to east, resulting in a first-order eastward topographic gradient of 0.1º during the initial fast-stage of India-Asia collision (> 22 Ma). Later on, this topographic slope prompted eastward crustal flows in the course of gravitational collapse, leading to E-W extensional tectonics (~18 - 4 Ma) in Tibet.
The use of pulse focused ultrasound in priming the injured kidney
Authors: Thakor Avnesh , Chetty Shashank , Ganguly Abantika
Published: March 2023

In the present body of work, we investigated the role of pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) in modulating the acutely injured kidney in order to facilitate tissue regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells. Our initial data shows that pFUS is able to modulate the kidney microenvironment, and can help facilitate the regenerative capacity of mesenchymal stem cells, especially when these cells are given intra-arterially into the kidney.
The Ukraine War: Psychiatric Aspects
Authors: Jargin Sergei V.
Published: March 2023

Psychopathological approach to politics is successful if it identifies leaders with impaired mental competence. Certain war instigators have been paranoid in their tendency to attack delusional goals. Repressed shame may contribute to aggression. An attempt is made here to apply psychopathology to the conflict in Ukraine.
Priorities and directions for future research on student mental health within Scottish Higher Education Institutions: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Cogan Nicola , Murray Aja Louise , Gardani Maria , O'Toole Michelle , Long Emily , Milicev Jelena , Leung Menchie
Published: March 2023

Background: While research on student mental health has flourished in recent years, studies within the Scottish context remain limited. It is important that we seek to understand what is currently known about student mental health in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) in Scotland given its unique educational and socio-political context and health and social care system to guide and advance future research. To date, a scoping review which maps the available literature has yet to be conducted. Here, we outline the protocol for a scoping review on student mental health in HEIs in Scotland. Methods: This protocol outlines the process of conducting a scoping review of primary research concerning student mental health in HEIs in Scotland. The Joanna Briggs Institute guidance on best practice for conducting a scoping review will be utilised throughout. A systematic search of appropriate databases will be conducted which will allow for a two-step screening process and data charting. Inclusion criteria for this review dictates that eligible studies will: (1) include a population aged 16 years plus, (2) include the term ‘mental health', (3) include data collected within Scotland, (4) be primary research, (4) be published post-2003 and (5) be published in English. Discussion: The findings of the scoping review outlined in this protocol will be used to inform any immediate actions that can be taken to support better student mental health in Scotland as well as guide future research in the area. This review will help build guidance on how to strengthen the evidence base on student mental health in Scotland for students, educational providers, academics and mental health practitioners with the aim of raising awareness and improving research, policy and practice.
Why and When do People Accept Public Policy Interventions? An Integrative Public Policy Acceptance Framework
Authors: Grelle Sonja , Hofmann Wilhelm
Published: March 2023

The successful introduction of public policies to prompt behavior change hinges on the degree to which citizens endorse the proposed policies. While there is a large body of research on psychological determinants of policy acceptance, these determinants have not yet been synthesized into an integrative framework that proposes hypotheses about their interplay. In this article, we develop a review-based, integrative public policy acceptance framework that introduces the desire for governmental support as a motivational foundation in public policy acceptance. The framework traces the route from problem awareness to policy acceptance and, ultimately, policy compliance. We propose this relationship to be mediated by the motivation to desire governmental support. We integrate numerous key variables assumed to qualify the relationship between problem awareness and the desire for governmental support, such as control attributions, trust, and value fit, as well as the relationship between the desire for governmental support and policy acceptance, such as perceived policy effectiveness, intrusiveness, and fairness. We exemplify the use of the proposed framework applying it to climate policies.
Should I share my diagnosis? How our attitude towards other people is colored by knowledge of their psychiatric classifications
Authors: van Langen Myrte J. M. , van Hulst Branko M. , Bos Dienke J. , Durston Sarah
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Individuals with a psychiatric classification regularly face the dilemma of whether to share their diagnosis with others. This was the starting point for our study. We investigated whether affective, cognitive and behavioral attitudes differed between people who did and did not know the psychiatric classifications of a young woman sharing a short personal story. Participants watched a real-life video vignette and filled in a short questionnaire on their attitudes towards her. In the final dataset of 1605 participants, we found differences in cognitive and behavioral attitudes. Participants with knowledge of her classifications preferred more social distance than people without it. Moreover, we found that people with personal experience of psychiatric classification held more positive attitudes than people without. For someone dealing with mental health issues, these are important considerations in deciding whether to share one’s classifications. Ultimately, open communication about mental health should lead to less social distance, not more.
Maternal Postnatal Depressive Symptoms and Early Achievement of Developmental Milestones in Infants and Young Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Racine Nicole , Wu Pauline , Pagaling Rachel , O'Reilly Hannah , Brunet Ganaelle , Birken Catherine , Lorenzetti Diane , Madigan Sheri
Published: March 2023

Screening for social determinants of health, including maternal depression, has become a common and recommended pediatric practice. However, the magnitude of association between maternal and child screening tools remains to be determined. The current study evaluated the association between maternal postnatal depressive symptoms and child developmental milestones, as well as moderators of these associations. A comprehensive search strategy was carried out in four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, APA PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from database inception to September 2022. Studies that examine postnatal depressive symptoms and associations with infant and early child (<6 years) achievement of developmental milestones were included. Data were extracted by two independent coders and a random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled effect sizes and test for moderators. A total of 38 non-overlapping studies (95,897 participants), all focused on maternal postnatal depression, met inclusion criteria. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted. The pooled effect size for the association between postnatal depressive symptoms and early achievement of infant and child developmental milestones (N = 38; r =-.12; 95% CI= -.18, -.06) was small in magnitude. Older child age at maternal depression measurement was a moderator. Maternal postnatal depressive symptoms are one early indicator of early achievement of developmental milestones and should be included in screening during routine child wellness visits.
Developmental Leisure Reading Profiles and Their Association with Reading Skills Across Grades 1–9
Authors: Ulvinen Emmi , Psyridou Maria , Lerkkanen Marja-Kristiina , Poikkeus Anna-Maija , Siekkinen Martti , Torppa Minna
Published: March 2023

This study examined the developmental profiles of different leisure reading habits and their association with reading fluency and comprehension in 2,525 Finnish students from Grade 1 to 9. Four profiles were identified based on the reading frequency of different materials: Comics readers, Online readers, Book readers and Non-readers. Profile differences in leisure reading emerged early, although leisure reading levels changed. Boys were over-represented in the Comics readers and Non-readers, while girls were over-represented in the Online readers and Book readers. Book readers showed the highest level of reading skills, though Comics readers were also above-average readers. Among Online readers, girls had above average skills in reading while boys had below-average skills. Non-readers, especially boys, had the poorest reading skills. The study highlights the emergence of early onset individual differences in leisure reading habits and an association between different kinds of active leisure reading and reading development across grades.
Young Women’s Somatic Symptoms are More Strongly Predicted by Psychosocial Rather Than Physiological Factors: Longitudinal Findings in a Population-Representative Australian Sample
Authors: Myles Amy , Jones Michael , Loxton Deborah , Beath Alissa P , Ejova Anastasia
Published: March 2023

Objective. Somatic symptoms – persistent medically unexplained physical complaints – present a challenge for the healthcare system, partly because patients often resist psychological explanations and treatments. To inform practitioner-patient interactions, we used two data waves of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health to compare the prospective predictive strength of a wide variety of physiological and psychosocial predictors – individually, and as ‘physiological’ and ‘psychosocial’ clusters. Methods and Measures. 8,261 women aged 22 to 27 reported on 11 somatic symptoms, eight physiological predictors, and nine psychosocial predictors in 2017 and 2019. We assessed relative contributions of the predictors in linear regressions with and without missing-data imputation. Supplementary analyses additionally accounted for baseline somatic symptoms. Results. In the main analysis (with imputation, and without baseline symptoms), physiological predictors accounted for less variance than psychosocial predictors (11.6% vs. 29.6%), but correlated with psychosocial predictors, since the total variance accounted for was only 33.2%. Moreover, physiological factors (physiological condition and sexual condition) comprised two of the five strongest predictors. Low income and stress were among the five strongest predictors across all analyses. Conclusion. Practitioners could discuss the likely interplay of psychosocial and physiological processes and advise on affordable treatment options for low-income earners.
Avoidant Automatic Thoughts, Task Avoidance, and ADHD Symptoms: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Knouse Laura E. , Ziegler Mamie , Lavine Ilana , Zhang Junming , Cheng Yixue , Ain Hoor Ul
Published: March 2023

Research and clinical attention in psychology has focused heavily on negative automatic thoughts and their role in symptoms of psychopathology and maladaptive behavior; however, the role of thoughts that appear to be overly positive in content has received much less attention. Recent work in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has identified overly positive thoughts that may be associated with avoidance and functional impairment. We defined, described, and measured Avoidant Automatic Thoughts (AAT) in the daily lives of 101 undergraduate students using ecological momentary assessment and tested hypotheses about the association of these thoughts with ADHD symptoms and in-the-moment avoidance and negative emotion. Data were collected at baseline and up to three times per day for six days and analyzed using multilevel modeling. We found that AAT were frequent daily occurrences for the undergraduates in our sample and that recent presence of AAT was associated with greater task avoidance and inattentive symptoms at the momentary level. AAT were not, however, associated with momentary negative emotion. Participants’ general level of ADHD symptoms predicted greater momentary AAT, task avoidance, negative emotion and negative thoughts and less positive emotion. This study introduces AAT as a construct with potential research and clinical utility for understanding, predicting, and intervening in problematic avoidance behaviors that reduce people’s quality of life and prevent them from reaching their meaningful goals.
The puritanical moral contract: purity, cooperation, and the architecture of the moral mind
Authors: Fitouchi Léo , André Jean-Baptiste , Baumard Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Commentators raise fundamental questions about the notion of purity (sect. R1), the architecture of moral cognition (sect. R2), the functional relationship between morality and cooperation (sect. R3), the role of folk-theories of self-control in moral judgement (sect. R4), and the cultural variation of morality (sect. R5). In our response, we address all these issues by clarifying our theory of puritanism, responding to counter-arguments, and incorporating welcome corrections and extensions.
“We are the makers of manners”: A grounded approach to data ethics for the built environment
Authors: Wong Janis , Ahmad Yusra , Chadwick Sue
Published: March 2023

The adoption of technologies and application of data-driven practices in the real estate sector, has grown significantly over the past decade. To ensure that citizens' data are protected, the property sector has had to adhere to data protection regulations and justify the vast amounts of data that is being collected, processed, and shared. However, regulation alone is insufficient to ensure ethical practices within both private and public built environments. While attempts have been made by the real estate sector and government to establish legislative, policy, and best practices for incorporating ethical considerations as part of the urban planning process, there is currently no centralised regulation to put ethics in practice. This paper outlines the real estate sector and the data that flows through it, explores the data and data protection challenges within the sector, and suggests paths forward when it comes to data protection, management, and ethics within the built environment.
Soliciting opinions and solutions on the " Q Zhang's Problem "
Authors: Zhong WANG
Published: March 2023

"Q Zhang's Problem " is a teaching problem proposed by Qian Zhang, a science teacher at Dongjiao Minxiang Primary School in Dongcheng District, Beijing. In 2022, she proposed that: (1) when explaining the knowledge points of frequency in the "Sound" unit of textbook, experiments on the vibration of objects such as rubber bands and steel rulers were used to assist students in learning, but the effect was not obvious, because it was difficult for the naked eye to distinguish the speed of vibration of objects such as rubber bands, and it was difficult to correspond to the high and low frequencies; (2) Students seem to be confused about the difference between frequency and amplitude. When guiding them to make the rubber band vibrate faster, they tend to tug harder at the rubber band, but this actually changes the amplitude rather than the frequency (changing the frequency should be to control its vibrating chord length, similar to the tuning method of a stringed instrument). Therefore, demonstration experiments using objects such as rubber bands as frequencies do not seem suitable and cannot effectively assist students in establishing the concept of frequency. We hope to solicit opinions and solutions (research ideas) on this problem, with a focus on two points: ① the mathematical/physical explanation of the problem. That is, does simply changing the amplitude really not affect the original vibration frequency of the object (except when the amplitude is 0) ② explanation from a cognitive perspective: Why do people confuse the two concepts? What is the cognitive mechanism behind it.
Weight stigma, welfare stigma, and political values: evidence from a representative British survey
Authors: Hughes Amanda , McArthur Daniel
Published: March 2023

Background: Obesity-related stigma is increasingly recognised as a public health issue, with implications for the mental and physical health of people with and without obesity. However, very little is known about what drives inter-individual differences in obesity-stigmatizing views, and how they are distributed in the population. If views about obesity are not independent of a person’s wider beliefs and values, this must be understood so that obesity stigma can be effectively tackled.Methods: In a representative sample of British adults aged 18-97, we explore predictors of weight-stigmatizing attitudes. We consider demographics, socioeconomic position, factors related to one’s own weight and health, and beliefs about the causes and consequences of obesity. We explore the role of core political values which predict views about other stigmatized groups, and views about welfare recipients, who are frequently linked with obesity in public and political discourse. Finally, we assess to what extent demographic differences in weight-stigmatizing attitudes are explained by individual BMI, attitudes, and beliefs.Results: Consistent with previous studies, women were less weight-stigmatizing than men. People in their 50s and 60s were less weight-stigmatizing than younger or older adults. Adjusted for age and gender, an index of weight-stigmatizing views was positively associated with income, and highest in intermediate categories of education and occupational social class. Weight-stigmatizing attitudes were associated with more right-wing values, more authoritarian values, and more stigmatizing views about welfare recipients. Factors including own BMI, beliefs about causes of obesity, welfare-stigmatizing attitudes and authoritarian values contributed to socioeconomic differences. Conclusion: Weight-stigmatizing attitudes show clear differences between demographic groups, but also vary according to wider social attitudes, beliefs, and a person’s core political values. Efforts to reduce weight stigma, and other kinds of stigma, may be more effective if they recognise these links.
The Geography of Capital Allocation in the Euro Area
Authors: Beck Roland , Coppola Antonio , Lewis Angus , Maggiori Matteo , Schmitz Martin , Schreger Jesse
Published: March 2023

We reassess the pattern of Euro Area financial integration adjusting for the role of “onshore offshore financial centers” (OOFCs) within the Euro Area. While the Euro Area records large levels of international investment both within and outside of the currency union, much of these flows are intermediated via the OOFCs of Luxembourg, Ireland, and the Netherlands. These countries have dual roles as both hubs of investment fund intermediation and centers of securities issuance by foreign firms. We look through both roles and restate the pattern of Euro Area investment positions by linking fund sector investments to the underlying holders and securities issuance to the ultimate parent firms. Our new estimates of Euro Area investment allow us to document a number of stylized facts. First, the Euro Area’s estimated gross external position is smaller than in official data. Second, the Euro Area is more biased towards euro-denominated assets and away from US dollar and other foreign currency assets than in official data. Third, the Euro Area is less financially integrated than it appears. Fourth, European financial integration occurs disproportionately through securities issued in OOFCs rather than via domestic capital markets. Fifth, there is a North-South bias in Euro Area financial integration whereby Northern European countries are relatively underweight securities issued by Southern European countries.
Transfiguring the Library as Digital Research Infrastructure: Making KBLab at the National Library of Sweden
Authors: Börjeson Love , Haffenden Chris , Malmsten Martin , Klingwall Fredrik , Rende Emma , Kurtz Robin , Rekathati Faton , Hägglöf Hillevi , Sikora Justyna
Published: March 2023

This article provides an account of the making of KBLab, the data lab at the National Library of Sweden (KB). The first part of the article offers an evaluative discussion of the work involved in establishing KBLab as both a physical and a digital site for researchers to use KB’s digital collections at previously unimaginable scales. Beyond explaining how the lab aligns with KB’s broader mission as a national library, we also elaborate upon the design of the technical setup and the processes of research coordination that the operation of a library lab presumes. The second part discusses how KBLab has deployed the library’s collections as data to produce high quality Swedish AI models, which constitute a significant new form of digital research infrastructure. We situate this development work in the context of uneven AI coverage for smaller languages, and consider how the lab’s models have contributed to the making of important AI infrastructure for the Swedish language. The conclusion raises the possibilities and challenges involved in continuing the type of library-based AI development we have initiated at KBLab.
DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MEASUREMENT PROTOTYPE BASED ON IMAGE PROCESSING FOR MECHANICAL TESTING
Authors: Arellano Sophia , Hernandez Irving David
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, the tensile test is undoubtedly the most essential material test for determining the mechanical properties of materials, both at an educational and commercial level. However, the universal testing machine is not completely accurate when acquiring the deformation data, presenting values greater than those existing in the interest of the specimen. For this reason, this project has the objective of developing a measurement system methodology for tensile tests based on image processing for metal and plastic tests, detailing each of its stages, from the capture and calibration of the images to the spatiotemporal synchronization of the recorded data with its tension/stress correlation or load level. Open-source programs such as Fiji and Python were used for image processing and data analysis, respectively, and a web camera for image capture. For the validation of the methodology, tensile tests of 4 metal specimens and 2 plastic specimens were carried out at ESPOL laboratories at different capture rates, where the parameters of the tensile tests were obtained from the ASTM E8 and ISO 6259 standards. For these tests, stress-strain curves were constructed that faithfully represent the typical tensile behaviour of each material, reaching higher precision levels compared to the results provided by the testing machine. It is concluded then that a systematic methodology of measurement by images for tensile tests is feasible and can also capture the characteristic behaviour of tensile materials. It is also a low-cost alternative, whose total value is 3% of the cost of its equivalent accessory on the market.
Evaluating the impact of climate change on the black spruce defoliation by spruce budworm
Authors: Subedi Anoj , Girona Miguel Montoro , Marchand Philippe
Published: March 2023

Current ecological models predict profound climate change-related effects on the natural disturbance regimes of forests. Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) (SBW) is the principal insect defoliator in eastern North America, and SBW outbreaks have a major impact on the structure and function of the Canadian boreal forest, as defoliation leads to decreased tree growth, increased mortality, and lower forest productivity. SBW outbreaks have become more severe over the last century with the changing climate; however, little is known about how the integrated effect of climate and SBW alters the growth of host species. Here we evaluate how climate and outbreak severity combined to affect black spruce (Picea mariana) growth during the SBW outbreak that occurred between 1968-1988 and 2006-2017. We compiled dendrochronological series (2271 trees), outbreak severity (estimated by observed aerial defoliation), and climate data for 164 sites in Québec, Canada. We used a linear mixed effect model to determine the impacts of climatic parameters, cumulative defoliation (of the previous five years), and their interaction effect on basal area growth. At maximum outbreak severity, basal area growth of black spruce was reduced by 14%–18% over five years due to SBW effect. This outbreak growth response was affected by climate: warmer previous summer minimum temperatures and a higher previous summer climate moisture index (CMI) further decreased growth by 11% and 4%, respectively. In contrast, the negative effect of defoliation was attenuated by 9% for a warmer minimum temperature in the previous spring and 7% for a warmer maximum temperature in the previous summer. This study improves our understanding of combined insect–climate effects on growth and helps in the predictions of future SBW-related damage to forest stands to bolster sustainable forest management. We also recommend that projections of boreal forest ecosystems include several classes of SBW defoliation severity coupled with multiple climatic scenarios.
PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DENGAN PAIKEM MELALUI PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Awaliati Ramadha
Published: March 2023

Dalam perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat di zaman sekarang ini membuat pendidik, khususnya pendidik sejarah harus memutar otak lebih keras lagi untuk mencapai pembelajaran yang efektif. Dengan sistem pembelajaran yang efektif diharapkan dapat membuat peserta didik tertarik dan tidak merasa bosan pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung. Pembelajaran yang dikategorikan efektif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi dengan optimal sebagai alat bantu dalam kegiatan belajar. Salah satu terobosan yang dapat digunakan dalam Teknologi mengenai pembelajaran sejarah yang efektif bagi mahasiswa, bisa melalui berbagai metode diantaranya menggunakan Schoology, Google Clasroom, Edmodo, Zoom Meeting, Quizizz, Whatsap Group dan juga metode pembelajaran melalui ELearning. Biasanya banyak mahasiswa yang cenderung lebih menyukai menggunakan metode pembelajaran ELearning.
Peran Inovasi Pendidikan dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi
Authors: Maulana Riyan
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan kajian kepustakaan yang berusaha menggambarkan peran inovasi pendidikan pada pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan berbagai sumber tertulis seperti artikel, jurnal, dan dokumen yang relevan dengan kajian pada penelitian ini. Studi literatur ini fokus pada peran inovasi pendidikan, teknologi digital pada pendidikan, dan pemanfaatan teknologi dalam pendidikan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa inovasi merupakan proses pembaruan dan perubahan. Dunia pendidikan memerlukan inovasi untuk terus berkembang dan dapat mengikuti perkembangan bidang lainnya. Penggunaan teknologi memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dapat difokuskan pada hal positif dan meminimalisir dampak negatif jika ada kerjasama yang baik dari berbagai pihak agar penggunaan teknologi sesuai tujuannya. Peran inovasi pendidikan pada pembelajaran berbasis teknologi digital sangatlah penting. Inovasi dibutuhkan agar pemanfaatan teknologi digital bisa dilakukan secara optimal dan menyeluruh. Diharapkan kepada seluruh elemen masyarakat dapat mendukung dan melakukan kerjasama untuk mengoptimalkan berbagai inovasi pendidikan yang berbasis teknologi digital. Kehadiran teknologi saat ini, harapannya dapat dimanfaatkan dengan baik oleh semua pihak seperti guru dan pelaku pendidikan lainnya.
KETERBELAKANGAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Saputra Ahmad Khairani
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu hal terpenting dalam kehidupan manusia. Setiap orangberhak atas pendidikan yang layak dan merata. Namun, yang terjadi di Indonesia adalahketimpangan pendidikan bagi seluruh warga negara Indonesia. Selain itu, topikpembicaraan akhir-akhir ini adalah sistem pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini yang dinilaikaku dan tidak efektif. Hal ini dapat kita lihat dari kualitas pendidikan yang tertinggal diIndonesia dibandingkan dengan negara lain. Sistem pendidikan yang digunakan diIndonesia tidak jauh berbeda dengan negara lain. Hanya yang membedakan adalahkesalahan pada saat praktek di lapangannya. Banyak kesalahan-kesalahan mendasar yangmenjadikan kesenjangan antara tujuan dari sistem pendidikan tersebut dan jugapelaksanaannya di lapangan. Yang pada akhirnya membuat semua tujuan itu tidak dapattercapai dan terselesaikan dengan baik.