bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literasi : Pemahaman Literasi Baca - Tulis Anak Usia Dini Pada Mahasiswa PIAUD Semester 4 Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik
Authors: S.Ifadah Ayunda
Published: January 2021

Pada masa usia dini adalah masa kritis dalam perkembangan seorang anak. Segala aspek kehidupan anak berkembang dengan pesat termasuk dalam bidang literasi. Pemberian rangsangan pendidikan dapat membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak untuk kesiapan dalam memasuki kehidupannya dimasa mendatang, penanaman budaya literasi yang dipupuk sejak dini akan memberikan dampak yang positif pada anak salah satu bentuk dari literasi yaitu baca-tulis . Dengan adanya Gerakan Literasi Nasional yang dibuat oleh pemerintah merupakan gambaran nyata betapa pentingnya literasi dalam kehidupan. Sebagai calon pendidik sudah seharusnya memiliki pemahaman yang luas tentang literasi baca-tulis anak usia dini karena hal tersebut merupakan modal dari salah satu kompetensi yang dimiliki oleh calon pendidik anak usia dini. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner, observasi,dan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data menggunakan skala guttman. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa secara umum pemahaman literasi baca tulis anak usia termasuk dalam kategori paham dengan skor nilai 75 dan persentase 93,75%.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Digital Berbantuan Aplikasi Animaker Pada PAUD Di Kabupaten Pandeglang
Authors: Munawar Badri , Farid Hasyim Ade , Ma'arif Minhatul
Published: January 2021

This study aims to see the increase in the use of digital teaching materials assisted by Animaker applications for PAUD teachers in Pandeglang Regency. The use of animation in learning process is to enrich the creativity of teachers in the technological era. The problem that occurs in the education process in PAUD is the lack of access to operate digital-based teaching materials, even though facilities are available such as laptops or projectors. The learning process carried out in early childhood education seems boring. For this reason, learning using animated videos is expected to easily enrich teaching materials for teachers. Researchers used the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research subjects were 30 PAUD teachers in Pandeglang Regency. The results of the research conducted at the evaluation stage showed as much as 85.2% which can be categorized as very high. Digital teaching materials use the help of an effective Animaker application for PAUD teachers.
Model Layanan BK AUD Dengan Teknik Biblioterapi Untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Empati
Authors: Charisma Islami Chitra , Mayasarokh Mira
Published: January 2021

Layanan bimbingan konseling perlu di terapkan di semua jenjang pendidikan dikarenakan proses pengalaman belajar dan pembelajaran di tingkat pendidikan usia dini dan sekolah dasar akan berpengaruh terhadap perilaku di masa depannya di tingkat sekolah menengah pertama, sekolah menengah atas maupun tingkat perguruan tinggi. Untuk itu berdasarkan hasil dari pra-penelitian yang diperoleh dan didukung oleh pendapat para ahli perlu adanya model layanan BK AUD dengan teknik biblioterapi untuk meningkatkan perilaku empati. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) yang didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip dan langkah-langkah dari Borg & Gall. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan: (a) 1) Tingkat perilaku empati siswa di Kober Rabbani secara global sebelum diberi perlakuan berada pada kategori sedang, setelah diberikan perlakuan berada pada kategori tinggi. (b) Dihasilkan model layanan BK AUD dengan teknik biblioterapi untuk meningkatkan perilaku empati aud yang terdiri dari 7 komponen yaitu 1) Rasional, 2) Visi dan misi, 3) Tujuan, 4) Isi Layanan BK siswa PAUD dengan teknik biblioterapi, 5) Dukungan Sistem, 6) Prosedur Layanan BK siswa PAUD dengan teknik biblioterapi, 7) Evaluasi dan Tindak Lanjut. (c) Model Layanan BK AUD dengan teknik biblioterapi efektif dalam meningkatkan perilaku empati siswa Kober Rabbani.
Model Latihan Motorik Halus Melalui Akuatik Introduction To Cooperative Game Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Hariadi Hariadi , Suryansah Suryansah , Sururuddin Muhammad , Hadi Yul Alfian
Published: January 2021

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak hubungan Game Anak Usia Dini terhadap latihan motorik halus melalui akuatik introduction to cooperative Jenis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Deskriptif Kuantitatif. adalah metode tesperbuatan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa R.A. Al-Irsyad Nw Kuang Derek Rumbuk yang memiliki siswa sebanyak 10 siswa pada kelas B sekaligus sampel, Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes perbuatan dengan pre-test sebelum diberikan perlakuan,dan post-test setelah diberikan perlakuan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t sebagai uji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil pada saat lemparan pertama kelompok A hanya mampu memmasukkan bola plastic ke dalam keranjang sebanyak 5 % dan kelompok B sebanyak 4. 5%. Kemudian pada lemparan ke dua kelompok A sebanyak 7 % dan Kelompok B sebanyak 10 %. Pada kesempatan kedua kelompok A disuruh untuk mengangkat dan menyebut huruf yang dipegang, semua peserta mengenal huruf dan bisa menyebut huruf yang dipegang hal yang sama juga dilakukan pada kelompok B. Namun pada kelompok B hanya satu peserta yang belum bisa menyebut huruf namun sudah mengenal huruf yang ditunjukkan. Kalau dipersentasekan dari kesempatan pertama kelompok A yang sudah mengenal huruf sebanyak 20% dan kelompok B sebanyak 10% sedangkan yang belum bisa mengenal huruf dari kelompok A sebanyak 30% dan kelompok B sebanyak 40%. Setelah diberikan kesempatan kedua kelompok A yang sudah bisa menyebut dan mengenal angka sebanyak 100% dan pada kelompok B Sebanyak 90%. sehinnga dapat di simpulkan bahwa ada hubungan Latihan Motorik Halus Melalui Akuatik Introduction To Cooperative dan Game Anak Usia Dini.
Islamic Policy of the Dutch East Indies Colonial Government in Madura in the First Quarter of the 20th Century
Authors: Iswahyudi Iswahyudi
Published: January 2021

At first the Dutch East Indies government policy towards Islam was wrong, because Islam in the Dutch East Indies was considered a strict religion like the hierarchical priesthood and the pope in Christianity where there was a high relationship of loyalty to the Turkish caliph, so that Islam was considered a formidable enemy. Starting with the implementation of a massive policy by the Dutch East Indies government to suppress Muslims, for example, one of them was in terms of limiting and heavier the regulations for the implementation of the pilgrimage, but in reality, regardless of the obstacles, the frequency of going on hajj was still high. Awareness of the mistakes in political policy towards Islam, the figure of Cristian Snouck Hurgronje, one of the supporters of ethical currents in the Netherlands, appeared, submitting a letter to the minister of the colonies on June 2, 1889 to participate in solving problems in the Dutch East Indies. In this case Snouk Hurgronje was the main advisor and was assisted by advisers consisting of one for Arab affairs and two experts in regional languages ​​in the Dutch East Indies. Based on Snouck Hurgronje's advice, the Dutch colonial government distinguished between Islam in the meaning of worship and Islam as a social, social and political force. This policy towards Islam is divided into three categories, namely the socio-religious field, the socio-cultural sector, and the socio-political sector.
Pengembangan Soal Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Tiga Variabel (SPLTV) Kelas X SMA
Authors: Ningsih Riski , Annajmi Annajmi
Published: January 2021

This study discusses the development of the Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) test instrument, the material for the three-variable linear equation system for class X SMA. This study aims to: 1) determine the steps in developing the HOTS test instrument, 2) Knowing the validity value of the HOTS test instrument. This study uses a type of research and development (Research and Development). The development model used is the Formative Research Tessmer type development model, which consists of 2 main stages: the preliminary stage and the formative evaluation stage. In stage 1 consists of preliminary and self-evaluation. In stage 2, the formative evaluation includes prototyping. The data collection technique used was a test. The instruments used in this study were test instruments and validation sheets. Validity is known from the results of the validator's assessment on the validation sheet, which states that the test instrument has been well developed based on content (according to curriculum and material), construct (according to HOTS characteristics/indicators), language (following applicable language rules), time allocation and instructions question. Based on the prototype stage results, a predetermined quality criterion test instrument was produced, namely valid and overall suitable for use as a HOTS question
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus undatus) Sebagai Feed Additive dalam Pakan Terhadap Berat Karkas Ayam Broiler
Authors: Kholis Nur , Al Kurnia Dyanovita , Susanto Edy
Published: January 2021

Penelitian dilakukan selama 1 bulan yakni pada bulan Mei hingga Juni di kandang ayam Broiler peternakan rakyat milik Bapak Jumajak yang berlokasi di Desa Sambangrejo Kecamatan Modo Kabupaten Lamongan. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung kulit buah naga sebagai feed Additive dalam pakan terhadap berat karkas ayam broiler. Kegunaan dari penelitian in diharapkan mampu mengembangkan pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah naga menjadi feed Additive produk peternakan yang ekonomis. Materi memakai ayam broiler umur sehari (Day Old Chick/DOC) sebanyak 60 ekor. Variabel pengamatan ialah berat karkas ayam broiler. Analisis data yang digunakan ialah analisis statistic Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pengaruh penambahan tepung kulit buah naga (Hylocereus Undatus) sebagai feed additive dalam pakan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (p>0,05) terhadap berat karkas ayam broiler. Akan tetapi penambahan berat karkas pada ayam broiler yang mengkonsumsi feed additive tepung kulit buah naga lebih tinggi daripada kontrol.
Experimental verification of formed of the personal component of the readiness medical students for professional activity
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky State Pedagogical University, Shevchenko Ludmila Stanislavivna , Iliasova Yuliia Stanislavivna ,   Vinnytsia Medical Colledge
Published: January 2021

The results of the formative stage of the experiment have been analyzed. Comparative characterization of the experimental groups and control groups has been presented. At the primary stage of researching an insufficient level of readiness of junior medical staff was determined. The research was conducted in 2017-2019 years. The empirical basis at the formative stage of the study included 247 students and 70 teachers of professional disciplines at medical colledges of Vinnytsia region: Vinnytsia medical college named after D.K. Zabolotny, Bershad medical college, Haisyn medical college, Mohyliv-Podilsky medical college and Pohrebyshche medical college. At the formative stage of the experiment students of the control groups studied according to traditional methods, and their teachers of professional disciplines used traditional teaching technologies: educational blogs, mental maps, online exercises LearningApps. Students of the experimental groups studied according to innovative methods, and their teachers used Internet technologies. The experimental verification of the effectiveness of the introduction of the pedagogical conditions: contextual learning technologies, methods of forming deontological competence and innovative Internet technologies on the training of future junior medical staff in study of special disciplines is presented. It was determined that during the pedagogical experiment there were significant changes in personal component of readiness. It was specified that future junior medical staff of the experimental groups at the formative stage of the experiment received better results, than the students of the control groups. Prospects for further researching are perceived in creation of teaching and methodological support for the formation of readiness of future medical staff to their professional activity by means оf modern technologies at the studying of others disciplines in medical schools.
CHST8 is a differentially expressed gene in human metastatic breast cancer, in the brain and in the lymph nodes.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: January 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that carbohydrate sulfotransferase 8, encoded by CHST8, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer. CHST8 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CHST8 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Modulation of CHST8 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain while evading immune clearance in the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Impact of Work Overload and Work Hours on Employees Performance of Selected Manufacturing Industries in Ogun State
Authors: Bazillai Agapito
Published: January 2021

Work overload has been identified as an indicator of migraine by neurologists, which has a negative effect on their well-being and performance at work. The competitive nature of the job market in developing countries like Nigeria only adds to the deteriorating work-life balance as employees strive for competitive advantage at the expense of their well-being and family life. Today’s worker, at the end of a working day is fully exhausted, due to challenged responsibilities and the cu lture of long working hours. For example, the insistence of 8am to 5pm working hours have been identified as a major cause of increased medical problems such as diabetes, hypertension, psychological and attitude problems, aches and pains among other ailments. The main objective of this study was to determine effect of work overload and work hour on employee’s performance in selected manufacturing industries in Ogun State. Descriptive survey research design was used with sample size of four hundred employees of selected manufacturing companies in Ogun State.Both work overload and work hour has been found to play a huge role in the quality of employees’ family life, such as marital satisfaction, relationship with children and spouses, which in return affects their job commitment. The findings showed that work overload to employees’ performance (F [1,473] = 22.752, P<0.05, R 2 =0.0457 and work hour to employees’ performance (F [1,472] = 51.238, P<0.05, R 2 =0.0473). The study concluded that, work-life- balance idea is connected with real aids for an organization. Therefore, the study recommended that social and psychological life of every employee should be put to check in order for employees to be effective and efficient on their jobs.
"CAMPUS FREE" BASED ON SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AND EXAMPLES BASED CAMPUS TO INCREASE SELF-STUDY ABILITY AND LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: ZAFAR TETTY SUFIANTY
Published: January 2021

The purpose of research is to download getahui whether psychological intervention, which is usually given in a way of learning that is given from a distance (online) . Given psychological intervention aimed at enhancing the Self-Study Ability and Learning Achievement maha the student. This research is an experimental field study and was conducted to answer the two main hypotheses as follows: (1) intervention will significantly improve the ability of independent learning of first year distance education students, and (2) intervention will significantly improve the first achievement of distance education students year. In short, this research proves that psychological interventions that are usually used in face-to-face education can effectively be used in the context of distance education. Such findings indicate that interventions significantly increase students' awareness of the need for learning which leads to an increase in their independent learning abilities.
Surface integral and focusing. ver 4
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: January 2021

Surface integral and focusing
Spectral element modelling of seismic wave propagation in visco-elastoplastic media including excess-pore pressure development
Authors: Oral Elif , Gelis Celine , Bonilla Luis
Published: January 2021

Numerical modelling of seismic wave propagation, considering soil nonlinearity, has become a major topic in seismic hazard studies when strong shaking is involved under particular soil conditions. Indeed, when strong ground motion propagates in saturated soils, pore pressure is another important parameter to take into account when successive phases of contractive and dilatant soil behaviour are expected. Here, we model 1-D seismic wave propagation in linear and nonlinear media using the spectral element numerical method. The study uses a three-component (3C) nonlinear rheology and includes pore-pressure excess. The 1-D– 3C model is used to study the 1987 Superstition Hills earthquake (ML 6.6), which was recorded at the Wildlife Refuge Liquefaction Array, USA. The data of this event present strong soil nonlinearity involving pore-pressure effects. The ground motion is numerically modelled for different assumptions on soil rheology and input motion (1C versus 3C), using the recorded borehole signals as input motion. The computed acceleration–time histories show low-frequency amplification and strong high-frequency damping due to the development of pore pressure in one of the soil layers. Furthermore, the soil is found to be more nonlinear and more dilatant under triaxial loading compared to the classical 1C analysis, and significant differences in surface displacements are observed between the 1C and 3C approaches. This study contributes to identify and understand the dominant phenomena occurring in superficial layers, depending on local soil properties and input motions, conditions relevant for site- specific studies.
Pengaruh Iklim Kelas Terhadap Resiliensi Akademik, Mastery Goal Orientation dan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Tumanggor Raja Oloan
Published: January 2021

This study analyzes the extent to which the influence of the classroom climate on academic resilience,Mastery Goal Orientation (MGO) and learning achievement. Classroom climate is a psychosocial atmosphere created through the interaction between lecturers and students during the learning process in the classroom. Goodclassroom climate is created through dynamic collaboration through social interaction between faculty and students.While academic resilience is someone toughness in the face of a variety of academic tasks in the educational environment. A student whose academic resiliens will not be easy to despair in the face of academic difficulties. WhileMGO is a part of the motivation that encourages a student to master the course material, so that he was able tocomplete the task with good lectures. The results of a student learning achievement called learning achievement. Bea reflection of the learning achievement of learning outcomes in a given period of time. From a study of 90 studentsof a private university in Jakarta, the results showed that the first, classroom climate has a significant influence onacademic resilience and MGO. Secondly, there is the effect of MGO on academic resilience. Third, classroom climate,academic resilience, and MGO did not have a significant effect on learning achievement.
HUBUNGAN SIKAP MALAS DAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Putri Reysuna Karunia
Published: January 2021

Penulisan artikel ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sikap malas dan prokrastinasi pada mahasiswa, faktor yang menyebabkan sikpa malas, dan bagaimana kita menanggapi sikap malas tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur menggunakan artikel dan dua buku. Dengan hasil bahwa adanya keterkaitan antara sikap malas dan prokrastinasi mahasiswa, di mana sikap malas itu dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Bagaimana kita menyikapinya adalah semua tergantung pada diri masing-masing ingin mengubahnya atau tidak, Saya mengangkat tema ini karena fenomena penundaan pengerjaan tugas oleh mahasiswa yang kebanyakan didasari pada rasa malas, bahkan saya sendiri merasakannya.
Morality in the flesh: on the link between bodily self-consciousness, morality and (dis)honest behaviour
Authors: Scattolin Marina , Panasiti Maria Serena , Aglioti Salvatore Maria
Published: January 2021

The sense of owning a body (ownership) and controlling its actions (agency) are two main pillars of bodily self-consciousness (BSC). Although studies suggest that BSC signals may influence morality, the direction of such remains unclear. To investigate this issue, we conducted an online study in which 658 participants completed BSC- and morality-related questionnaires, and undertook a task where they could cheat for monetary gain. We found that those with high sense of ownership, and low reward sensitivity, displayed both high moral identity and deception. This seemingly counterintuitive result supports the notion that people who feel highly moral allow themselves to act immorally. Moreover, we found that high agency was associated with increased moral identity in participants with higher levels of moral disengagement and sense of power. That BSC can differently affect moral identity and behaviour may inspire policies of contrast to immorality and dishonesty, based on changes of corporeal awareness.
Metode bantuan tentor: penerapannya dalam meningkatkan passing atas bola voli mini siswa kelas v sekolah dasar
Authors: Utama Yusuf
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk  meningkatkan hasil belajar passing atas bola voli mini melalui bantuan tutor sebaya siswa kelas v sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Data yang dianalisis meliputi data kuantitatif (dengan menampilkan angka-angka sebagai ukuran prestasi), dan data kualitatif (dengan menampilkan angka sebagai perbandingan). Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif komparatif yang bertujuan untuk membandingkan kondisi sebelum dan sesudah diadakan tindakan perbaikan pembelajaran. Tahapan dalam tindakan menganalisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data,dan penarikan kesimpulan. Subjek yang digunakan berjumlah 40 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pratindakan dari 40 siswa, terdapat 18 siswa (45%) yang tuntas belajar. Pada akhir siklus I dari 40 siswa, terdapat 20 siswa (50%) yang tuntas belajar. Pada akhir siklus II dari 40 siswa, 32 siswa (82,87%) telah tuntas belajar. Dengan demikian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penerapan metode bantuan tutor sebaya dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar passing atas bola voli mini siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar.The use of the tentor assistance method in order to improve passing over mini volleyball for class V elementary school students AbstractThe purpose of this study is an effort to improve the results of learning to pass over mini volleyball through the help of peer tutors for grade V elementary school students. The research method used is classroom action research. The data analyzed included quantitative data (by presenting numbers as a measure of achievement), and qualitative data (presenting numbers as a comparison). Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive comparative manner which aims to compare the conditions before and after the learning corrective action was taken. The stages in the action of analyzing data include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The subjects used were 40 students. The results showed that in the pre-action of 40 students, there were 18 students (45%) who had finished learning. At the end of the first cycle of 40 students, there were 20 students (50%) who had finished learning. At the end of the second cycle of 40 students, 32 students (82.87%) have finished learning. Thus it can be concluded that the application of the peer tutor assistance method can improve the learning outcomes of passing on mini volleyball for fifth grade elementary school students.
Social Distance Into Factual Information Distance about COVID-19 in Indonesia Whatsapp Groups
Authors: Syam Muhammad Taufiq , Makmur Zulkifli , Nur Askar
Published: January 2021

WhatsApp has become a forum for communication and information related to the COVID-19 pandemic, so there are messages that ignore the identification and validation of news facts. This creates an information gap on WhatsApp. This study aims to analyze the form of information gaps related to information on the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia shared by WhatsApp group users. This research uses quantitative research methods, with data collection techniques through documentation of text messages and pictures, as well as the results of a survey conducted on WhatsApp group users. The results of this research indicate that the information gap in reporting the COVID-19 pandemic occurs due to information gaps in the form of uncertainty, strong beliefs and opportunities to choose information and decisions to choose information values. The substance of this research contributes in the form of new policy recommendations in assessing information gaps in social media by validating the truth of the facts in each message received and shared to another users.
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Recurrent Septic Arthritis of the Left Knee
Authors: Z Zamzuri , KL Goh , CA Aminuddin , MA Mohamed Azril , A Shukrimi
Published: January 2021

A 15-year –old Malay male with congenital insensitivity to pain presented with recurrent septic arthritis of the left knee complicated by osteomylitis. Repeated arthrotomy and wound debridement was done, however, the condition was not resolved. Amputation was suggested as the best method of treatment to eradicate the infection.
Airway Y-stent Insertion in Tracheobronchomalacia: A New Experience
Authors: YC Kuan , SH How , TH Ng , CK Liam , A Mohd Ashri , AR Mohammed Fauzi
Published: January 2021

This case report describes a rigid bronchoscopy-assisted placement of a silicone airway Y-stent in a patient who developed tracheobronchomalacia following repeated dilatations for post-tuberculous airway stenosis. This is the first report of an airway Y-stent insertion in Malaysia.
Posterolateral Intertransverse Lumbar Arthrodesis in the New Zealand White Rabbit Model: The Illustration of an Alternative Surgical Approach
Authors: B Zunariah , Z Zamzuri , CS Che Nor Zarida , AJ Rosnani
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit model is commonly used for the research of posterolateral intertransverse lumbar arthrodesis. The standard approach reported by many researchers are a muscle splitting approach through the intermuscular plane between multifidus and longissimus muscles. Methods: In this research the fusion bed was exposed by retracting the three groups of paraspinal muscles (multifidus, longissimus and iliocostalis) medially. Results: This alternative method showed good exposure of the transverse processes and intertransverse membrane with less bleeding from the muscles observed. No death due to surgical complication was observed out of twenty-four rabbits operated. Conclusion: An easy and safe method for performing posterolateral intertransverse lumbar arthrodesis was demonstrated and recommended as an alternative approach for surgery on New Zealand White rabbits.
Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Rectum: a Case Report
Authors: O Faidzal , MN Azmi , R Kalavathi
Published: January 2021

Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum is a very rare malignancy. In the literature, the incidence has been reported as 0.25 to 0.1 per 10000 colorectal carcinomas. Due to its rarity, the treatment and behavior of this tumor have only been discussed in case reports. As a result, several theories regarding their pathogenesis have been proposed. We will describe our experience in managing this rare malignancy in a 69-year-old man who presented with altered bowel habit. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Issues regarding additional treatment have been presented in the literature. The rarity of this tumour also raises issues regarding criteria for diagnosis which we will try to highlight and discuss.
Antibacterial property of crude extract from stem-bark and leaves of Rhizophora apiculata against selected bacterial fish pathogens
Authors: K.C.A. Jalal, , Azira Zaima , B.Y Kamaruzzaman , John Akbar , Imaddudeen Said
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Recently the wide range of commercial antibiotics in fish feed for aquaculture practices has led to antibacterial resistance, environmental pollution and residue build-up in fish tissue. Therefore new sources of antibiotics from natural sources need to be investigated to circumvent these problems. Rhizophora apiculata has been reported to have high antimicrobial activity due to the high concentration of tannin in the bark of the tree. Methods: Based on these contexts, this study was conducted to measure the antimicrobial activity of ethanol, ethyl acetate and distill water extracts from the stem-bark and the leaves of R. apiculata. 9 species of bacteria consist of B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, P.aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, H. alvei, V. alginolyticus, V. paraheamolyticus and E. coli were tested to measure their susceptibility to the extracts. The extracts were dissolved into 2 different concentrations which were 10 mg/mL and 50 mg/mL or 10 ug/disc and 50 ug/disc respectably, to determine the inhibitory effect of the extract upon the bacterial fish pathogen. Results: 2 species of Gram-positive bacteria which were B. subtilis and S. epidermidis have shown positive results with 9.0 mm to 16.0 mm of inhibition zone respectably while the other bacteria were resistant to the extract concentration administered. Conclusions: A continuous monitoring need to be carried out to comprehend the potential of Rhizophora apiculataas and other mangrove plants, which can be applied as an alternative source for environmental friendly antibacterial drug in pharmaceutical and aquaculture industries.
Extraction optimization and properties of collagen from chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) feet
Authors: Mokhtar Nur Dhiya , Abdul Wahab Widya , Ab. Hadi Hazrina , Abu Hassan Muhamad Shafiq , Haron Normah , Muhamad Bunnori Noraslinda
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The collagen can be basically extracted by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. In industry, the chemical hydrolysis method is more commonly used. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis is more effective when the high nutritional value product will be produces based on the extracted material. Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) feet are used as a source of bird collagen. Methods: Optimization of collagen extraction was investigated by using three different methods which were soaked in 5% lactic acid for 36 hours, 0.5 mol/L acetic acid with 0.1% papain and 0.5 mol/L acetic acid with 0.1% bromelain. Various properties such as percentage of end yield, concentration of protein, pH, swelling percentage and SDS-PAGE patterns of collagen from chicken feet were evaluated in order to determine the best method of extraction. Results: Type I collagen was considered as a major component of chicken feet collagen, which indicated by β chain and two distinct α-chains which are α1 and α2 that observed from the electrophoresis pattern of collagen extracted from all three methods. The lactic acid method showed the highest percentage of end yield and concentration of protein compared to the other two methods. However, lactic acid method showed the lowest swelling percentage and higher pH value. Conclusions: According to these results, soaked in 5% lactic acid for 36 hours is possible as the best collagen extraction method from chicken feet.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Dengue among Adult Population in Felda Sungai Pancing Timur, Kuantan, Pahang
Authors: AA Karimah Hanim , MR Razman , AR Jamalludin , EH Nasreen , Phyu Htike Myat , L SweSwe , P Hafizah
Published: January 2021

Background: With increasing number of dengue cases in Malaysia, it’s of utmost importance that immediate action be taken to limit the epidemic. Since dengue control is a behavioral problem, the knowledge, attitude and practice in population needs to be studied in order to control the disease. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue and its associated factors among adult residents of Felda Sungai Panching Timur (SPT), Kuantan, Pahang, 2014. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out involving 265 adult respondents. A face to face  interview questionnaire which was divided into 2 parts (Part A: Sociodemoghraphic; Part B: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice) was used. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple and multiple logistic regression. Results: 53.2% of the respondents had good knowledge about dengue and it was found that the main source of information from mass media (76.6%). However, only 43.4% were found to have good attitude towards dengue. Multiple Logistic Regression analysis showed there was no association between sociodemographic characteristics with the level of knowledge and attitude towards dengue. There was also no association found between knowledge of dengue and the attitude of the respondents towards dengue. Descriptive analysis on the practice of dengue showed majority of the respondents who had possible breeding site for Aedes mosquitos (water container, drains/gutter roof/flower pots/tires) in their compound practiced good habit in preventing the Aedes mosquitoes from breed. Conclusion: Although knowledge and practice towards dengue is good, their attitude require improvement.
Ultra-Morphological Changes of Trichophyton Rubrum Treated with Hydroxychavicol
Authors: Ridzuan P. M. , Mohamad Nasir , Ismail Salwani , Rahman Nor Iza A. , N.A Sanusi , Umar Rabiatul Adawiyah , Hamzah Hairul Aini , B. Zunariah , Norazian M. H. , Roesnita Baharudin
Published: January 2021

Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection on human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains complicate the treatment regime. Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from Piper betel leaf that have antifungal potential and its mechanism of action has not been studied yet. The objective of this preliminary study to determine the antifungal properties of HC against T. rubrum using transmission electron microscope (TEM) on gross and ultrastructure of T. rubrum hypha. T. rubrum was treated with HC and miconazole (MI) at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days continuously. Generally, fungi structures became more severely damaged at increasing treatment duration. Microscopically, the fungi’s cell wall treated with HC showed a rough surface, shrinkage and demolition similar to the MI treated group. The fungi organelles were also demolished and disorganized. This study revealed that HC has the ability to inhibit T. rubrum growth and has potential to be an antifungal agent for skin infections.
A Rare Cause of Dyspepsia: A Case Report of Gastric Diverticulum
Authors: Kow Ren Yi , Ismail Dhauiddin Hai , Md Saad Khatrulnada , Japar Khan Ed Simor Khan Mor
Published: January 2021

A gastric diverticulum is an outpouching from the gastric mucosa. It is extremely rare. It is normally asymptomatic, but some may present with non-specific abdominal pain. A combination of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and radiological contrast study such as oral barium study and computed tomography are needed to make a definite diagnosis and to rule out other associated pathology. Although treatment with medical therapy has been reported to be effective, the use of open and laparoscopic resection also yields a good outcome in the management of complicated gastric diverticulum. We present a case of symptomatic gastric diverticulum which has been successfully treated with medical therapy.
Endovascular Management of Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Tanty R. Marlina , H. Hilwati , Sobri M. A
Published: January 2021

Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms (HAP) is a result of injury to the hepatic artery and must be treated due to its high risk of rupture. Endovascular treatment of pseudoaneurysm is effective and minimally invasive. We describe four cases of HAPs that presented with gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The HAPs developed as a consequence of surgery for carcinoma, infection, trauma due to motor-vehicle accident and biliary instrumentation. Diagnoses were made using CT and conventional angiography. Embolisations were done either to the pseudoaneurysm or the parent artery using glue, Onyx or coils via microcatheter systems. Postembolisation runs showed no opacification of the pseudoaneurysms and the GI bleed resolved with no recurrence. The final outcome differs according to each patient’s underlying illness. We highlight our experience in the endovascular management of HAP using various embolic agents and in particular, Onyx. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Onyx embolization of HAP.
The Effect of Lifestyle Modification Intervention with Motivational Construct on Dietary Macronutrient Intake among Obese Adults
Authors: SZ Shahadan , A Daud , ML Md. Isa , M Ibrahim , S Deraman
Published: January 2021

Introduction: An unhealthy dietary practice as a result of environmental and societal changes is increasingly exposed to adults. These unhealthy practices lead to an increased cardiometabolic risk, and obese adults are at a higher risk as compared to normal-weight adults. The best strategy to promote healthy lifestyle practices among Malaysian obese adult is still fragmented. Materials and Methods: A single-centre randomised controlled trial was carried out to determine the effect of the lifestyle modification intervention (LMI) with the motivational construct, in comparison to the current standard LMI on the dietary macronutrient intake among obese adults. The dietary macronutrient intake and changes in body weight were assessed at baseline and after six months. Seventy-nine participants completed the study. Results: Our finding showed that six months of LMI with motivational construct resulted in a higher reduction of total fat and cholesterol from the dietary intake as compared to the control. In addition, the participants in the intervention group had a significant body weight loss after six months (-1.97 kg, 95% CI: -0.324, 1.360, t(39) = 3.397, p = 0.002). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the intervention had a meaningful impact on improving the dietary macronutrient intake, which is beneficial to support body weight loss in obese adults. Future trials with additional nutritional biomarkers are needed to extend these findings.
Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) Among Malaysian Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Zaki , Azmi Nina Suhaity
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Oral caries is a major public health issue around the globe, and it is the most prevalent noncommunicable disease (NCD). Children are mostly the population affected by this disease, which affects their quality of life. Therefore, measures to quantify this aspects of quality of life should be established to investigate the current status and to develop future intervention and prevention. The objective of this article is to systematically review the studies related to children's quality of life with regard to their oral health among Malaysian population. Materials and Method: Scopus-indexed articles were retrieved following an advanced search with the following search string, TITLE-ABS-KEY((oral OR dental) AND (child* OR kid* OR (primary dentition)) AND (quality of life) AND Malaysia*), resulting in a final of eight shortlisted and reviewed articles based on the review objective. Results: A few valid and reliable instruments were tested and validated, namely Malaysian version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), Malay Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Malay Child-OIDP), Malaysian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14), and the most commonly used child oral-health-related quality-of-life (OHRQoL). However, Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) score did not predict the effect of malocclusion on the OHRQoL. Oral caries was highly prevalent among Malaysian Orang Asli children. Oral health did not only have an impact on quality of life in Malaysian preschool children, but also on their caregivers. A health-promoting school model namely the Doktor Muda Programme for primary schools in Malaysia showed some positive impacts on children’s oral health related quality of life. Conclusion: Further research among Malaysian children population with regard to their oral health related quality of life should be continued for the benefits of communities at large.
Aeromonas Salmonicida Infection in A Massive Splenic Cyst: A Rare Cause of an Acute Abdomen
Authors: Akram Norfaidhi , MNA Abdul Rahman , O Faidzal
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Cysts of the spleen are most frequently primary or secondary. If it contained an epithelial lining it is referred to as epithelial or epidermoid cysts  Other common cause is post-traumatic pseudocysts. Non parasitic cause of infective splenic cyst are rare especially those caused by bacterial infection. They may present as symptoms related to their size with gastric compression or pain, an abdominal mass, rupture, or infection with abscess. Case report: We present a case of massive splenic cyst in a 13 year old boy presenting with acute abdominal pain, this was successfully treated with deroofing of the cyst wall while preserving the function of the spleen. Cultures subsequently grew  Aeromonas Salmonicida.  The patient was discharged home well. Issues of diagnosis and dilemma in treatment while preserving the spleen in an adolescent will be discussed.
Evaluation of High Resolution Melting Technique for Detection of JAK2-V617F Mutation in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Specimen from Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Cases
Authors: Abdullahi Mohammad Reza , Abdullah Nor Zamzila , Ismail Rosmawati , Muhammad Naznin , A. Talib Norlelawati
Published: January 2021

Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is a group of myeloid disorders which leads to erythrocytosis, thrombocytosis and leucocytosis. MPN with BCR-ABL positive is chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) while BCR-ABL negative MPN includes polycythaemia Vera (PV), essential thrombocytemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). One of the major criteria for diagnosis of BCR-ABL negative MPN is the presence of JAK2-V617F mutation which is positive in 95% of PV and around 60% of ET and MF. Beside peripheral blood specimen, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) marrow specimen can be used for detection of this mutation. Unfortunately, FFPE produces low quality DNA that put a challenge for successful amplification of DNA. We aimed to evaluate the utility of High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis for detection of JAK2-V617F mutation in FFPE specimen from MPN cases. This study is a descriptive crosssectional study. Forty FFPE marrow specimens were retrieved from the years 2014-2016. Bio-Rad Precision Melt Analysis software was used for analysis of HRM data. Allele-specific PCR was done for validation of results. Positive samples were subjected to Sanger sequencing. JAK2-V617F mutation was positive in 13 out of 40 MPN cases. Level of agreement between HRM and AS-PCR was 97.5%. HRM is a rapid and powerful diagnostic assay which is suitable for detection of JAK2-V617F mutation in FFPE marrow specimen.
Prevalence Rates of Chlamydia Trachomatis and Other Sexually Transmitted Organisms in Infertile Couples Attending a Tertiary Medical Centre in Malaysia
Authors: A Umi Kalsom , B Suvra , RMR Zainul , O Siti Norlia , I Zalina , S Anita
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCTION: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections are well recognized and prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The role of Mycoplasma spp and Ureaplasma spp are still controversial as some are commensals of genitourinary tract. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence rate of 7 organisms: Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Ureaplasma parvum (UP) in infertile married couples during infertility evaluation. MATERIALS & METHODS: A total of 274 samples from all of the 137 couples who attended the reproductive center from June to December 2014 were collected. Detection of the organisms was performed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: STI-associated organisms were detected in 35.4% (97/274) of subjects. The prevalence rates of CT, MG, TV, UU, MH were 7.3%,1.1%, 0.4%,5.4% and 5.1% respectively. Twenty-one (7.7%) subjects were positive for more than one organism. 24/274 (8.8%) of subjects had history of urogenital tract-related symptoms and 50% (12/24) were tested positive to one or more organisms. The presence of symptoms in both male and female subjects were found to be 10% (2/20) in CT infection, 10% (7/67) in UP, 14% (2/14) in MH and 13% (2/15) in UU infections. CONCLUSION: Sexually transmitted organisms were detected in one third of subjects planning for fertility evaluation. The absence of symptom in most subjects particularly in CT infection emphasizes the need for microbiological screening during infertility evaluation. The presence of genital ureaplasmas and mycoplasmas in infertile couples should not be neglected. There is a growing need to clarify whether their roles are simply colonizers or pathogens implicated in infertility.
Influence of Interferon-γ on Salmonella Typhi Induced Macrophage Apoptosis
Authors: I Fidan , E Yesilyurt , A Kalkanci , B Erdal , FC Gurelik , T Imir
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Salmonella Typhi (S.Typhi), which causes typhoid fever, is a widespread pathogen in developing countries. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a critical cytokine in host defense against Salmonella infection. IFN-γ provides protection against Salmonella infection by inducing macrophage activation. This study was designed to determine the effect of recombinant IFN-γ (rIFN-γ) on S.Typhi induced macrophage apoptosis and to examine the effect of rIFN-g on caspase-1 expression during apoptosis. Materials and Methods: After isolation of macrophages, apoptotic cells were analyzed using both annexin V-FITC detection kit by fl ow cytometry and TUNEL technique. Caspase-1 expression was determined by RT-PCR. Results: The rIFN-γ concentrations of 100 IU/ml ve 1000 IU/ml decreased macrophage apoptosis caused by S.Typhi, 13.1 % and 6.3 % respectively. Conclusion: Consequently, we observed that rIFN-g decreased Salmonella-induced apoptosis and inhibited caspase-1 expression during apoptosis. It is considered that the modulatory effect of IFN-γ on macrophage apoptosis may impact a protective effect during Salmonella infection and this may help to abort invasive S.Typhi infections.