bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minor Threats and the Biopolitics of Youth
Authors: Surkis Judith
Published: November 2021

In contemporary France, the problem of “immigrant youth”—French citizens, born to migrant parents, often from former French colonies—symbolizes the question of minority and national belonging. The development and disciplining of immigrants have, for several decades, formed the focus of sociological, anthropological, as well as political discourse, especially in the wake of the 2005 urban riots. Considering their case can help us to understand the history and the present-day predicament of “minority” in order to reimagine it beyond restrictive and racist frames.
Intimacy and Estrangement
Authors: Park Emma
Published: November 2021

This article explores the incremental privatization of what is today East Africa's largest corporation, communications and finance firm Safaricom. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, British multinational Vodafone became a partial shareholder of Safaricom, with the government of Kenya retaining the majority stake in the company. This was followed by the company going “public” in 2008 through an Initial Public Offering (IPO). In exploring these transformations, this article demonstrates that privatization was not a singular event but turned on the production of divisibility: a discursive, epistemological, and material process whereby seemingly “classificatory wholes”—a corporation, an infrastructure, a state asset—were first presented and then rendered as partible entities. As the lines between the public and the private were being redrawn, another conceptual series—“citizenship,” “development,” the “public”—were similarly transformed into partible objects subject to division. Unraveling the historical entanglement of the corporation and the state, this article clarifies why, today, Kenyans—some of whom have been reformatted as shareholder-client-citizens—call on Safaricom to act like the state from which it has been incrementally “unbundled.”
How to See Like Hammons
Authors: Aranke Sampada
Published: November 2021

“HAS ANYONE ELSE SEEN THESE.” Scribed on a wall in pencil, this fragment served as crude wall text for a vitrine in David Hammons's 2019 exhibition at Hauser & Wirth in Los Angeles. The vitrine, filled with memorabilia, photocopies, and rare primary documents, was but one of many locations where Hammons displayed Hammons. To ask “Has anyone else seen these?” is to slyly pose a question that already has an answer: yes, or maybe, or no. Any answer to that question proves Hammons's point: that he himself is the subject who sees and the object to see. This methodological maneuver is part and parcel of Hammons's decades-long practice and serves to enact a Black aesthetic determination already sleeved in its own method. This article works to unpack how Hammons throws into methodological disarray the question of art's histories by his relentless invocation of Black aesthetic practices that deform, if not refuse, their own making.
WTS-1/LATS regulates endocytic recycling by restraining F-actin assembly in a synergistic manner
Authors: Zhang Hanchong , Cheng Zihang , Li Wenbo , Hu Jie , Zhao Linyue , Chen Dan , Gao Jinghu , Chen Juan , Yan Yanling , Lin Long , Shi Anbing
Published: November 2021

The disruption of endosomal actin architecture negatively affects endocytic recycling. However, the underlying homeostatic mechanisms that regulate actin organization during recycling remain unclear. In this study, we identified a synergistic endosomal actin assembly restricting mechanism in C. elegans involving WTS-1, the homolog of LATS kinases, which is a core component of the Hippo pathway. WTS-1 resides on the sorting endosomes and colocalizes with the actin polymerization regulator PTRN-1 [the homolog of the calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs)]. We observed an increase in PTRN-1-labeled structures in WTS-1-deficient cells, indicating that WTS-1 can limit the endosomal localization of PTRN-1. Accordingly, the actin overaccumulation phenotype in WTS-1-depleted cells was mitigated by the associated PTRN-1 loss. We further demonstrated that recycling defects and actin overaccumulation in WTS-1-deficient cells were reduced by the overexpression of constitutively active UNC-60A(S3A) (a cofilin protein homolog), which aligns with the role of LATS as a positive regulator of cofilin activity. Altogether, our data confirmed previous findings, and we propose an additional model, that WTS-1 acts alongside the UNC-60A-mediated actin disassembly to restrict the assembly of endosomal F-actin by curbing PTRN-1 dwelling on endosomes, preserving recycling transport.
Evaluation of the stereochemical quality of predicted RNA 3D models in the RNA-Puzzles submissions
Authors: Carrascoza Francisco , Antczak Maciej , Miao Zhichao , Westhof Eric , Szachniuk Marta
Published: November 2021

In silico prediction is a well-established approach to derive a general shape of an RNA molecule based on its sequence or secondary structure. This paper reports an analysis of the stereochemical quality of the RNA three-dimensional models predicted using dedicated computer programs. The stereochemistry of 1052 RNA 3D structures, including 1030 models predicted by fully automated and human-guided approaches within 22 RNA-Puzzles challenges and reference structures, is analyzed. The evaluation is based on standards of RNA stereochemistry that the Protein Data Bank requires from deposited experimental structures. Deviations from standard bond lengths and angles, planarity, or chirality are quantified. A reduction in the number of such deviations should help in the improvement of RNA 3D structure modeling approaches.
Moving Beyond the Crypto-Currency Success of Blockchain: A Systematic Survey
Authors: Ahmad Mir Shahnawaz , Shah Shahid Mehraj
Published: November 2021

Blockchain (BC) is a technology whose value today is estimated by the success of Bitcoin. However, the spectrum of Blockchain applications goes beyond the financial sector. It has displayed enormous potential for revamping the customary industry with its key merits like decentralization, persistency, anonymity, and auditability. In this paper we conduct a comprehensive survey on the blockchain technology, explaining its structure and functioning. This work has analyzed the potential of BC in seven crucial sectors vis. voting systems, supply chain management, the security of Internet of Things (IoT), healthcare, intelligent transportation systems, government services, and tourism. Moreover, this paper has critically evaluated the traditional technologies used in various sectors, the problems in them, and the benefits that will be provided by the employment of BC. With its future directions, this paper will help researchers to create and realize new value for various sectors that is beyond anything we can imagine with existing technologies.
Hyperspectral Image Classification using Uncertainty and Diversity based Active Learning
Authors: Patel Usha , Dave Hardik , Patel Vibha
Published: November 2021

There has been extensive research in the field of Hyperspectral Image Classification using deep neural networks. The deep learning based approaches requires huge amount of labelled data samples. But in the case of Hyperspectral Image, there are less number of labelled data samples. Therefore, we can adopt Active Learning combined with deep learning based approaches to be able to extract most informative data samples. By using this technique, we can train the classifier to achieve better classification accuracies with less number of labelled data samples. There is considerable amount of research carried out for selecting diverse data samples from the pool of unlabeled data samples. We present a novel diversity-based Active Learning approach utilizing the information of clustered data distribution. We incorporate diversity criteria with Active Learning selection criteria and combine it with Convolutional Neural Network for feature extraction and classification. This approach helps us in obtaining most informative and diverse data samples. We have compared our proposed approach with three other sampling methods in terms of classification accuracies, Cohen Kappa score, which shows that our approach gives better results with comparison to other sampling methods.
Fog Task Scheduling using Clustering based Randomized Round Robin
Authors: Hajam Shahid Sultan , Sofi Shabir Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Fog computing serves the delay-sensitive applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in more efficient means than the cloud. The heterogeneity of the tasks and the limited fog resources make task scheduling a complicated job. This paper proposes a clustering based task scheduling algorithm. Specifically, the K-Means++ clustering algorithm is used for clustering the fog nodes. Randomized round robin, a task scheduling algorithm is applied to each cluster. The results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the system's average waiting time.
Review of Research on Storage Development
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Zhang Guoguo
Published: November 2021

The development of computer external storage has undergone the continuous change of perforated cassettes, tapes, floppy disks, hard disks, optical disks and flash disks. Internal memory has gone through the development of drum storage, Williams tube, mercury delay line, and magnetic core storage, until the emergence of semiconductor memory. Later RAM and ROM were born. RAM was divided into DRAM and SRAM. Due to its structure and cost advantages, DRAM has gradually developed into the widely used DDR series. At the same time, the low-power LPDDR series has also been advancing. At present, with the development of NVRAM technology, non-volatile random access memory with both internal and external storage functions is born. Dual-space storage based on NVRAM combines internal and external storage into one, and large capacity dual-space storage has become the development trend of storage.
Logging production: technologies and equipment
Authors: Fokin Sergey , Shport'ko Oksana
Published: November 2021

The textbook discusses the main stages of logging operations and forest transport, as well as technologies and types of equipment for performing work on lower timber yards, including technologies for stacking, loading and dumping of harvested timber. A separate chapter of the book is devoted to the issues of ensuring safety during these works. A detailed description of the construction of logging machines, motor tools, vehicles, machines, aggregates and lines for primary processing of wood (stumping of branches, bucking and cutting of whips, debarking of sorts), lifting and transport machines and devices is given.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students in the field of training 35.03.01 "Forestry" and in the specialty 35.02.02 "Logging technology".
Global Ecology - Economics and Finance
Authors: Pischulov Viktor
Published: November 2021

The monograph presents the main methodological principles used in the practice of regulating economic entities with their global natural environment. The methods of management of companies, territorial economic entities in the specific conditions of global environmental changes, which are based on the principle of sustainable development, are characterized. The problem of forming a system of concepts used in research related to the problems of global ecology is raised.
It is intended for specialists working in the field of economic problems of global ecology, practitioners engaged in problems of environmental economics, researchers, teachers, graduate students, students.
Economic security of Russia at the present stage
Authors: Gadzhiev Nazirhan , Kiseleva Ol'ga , Skripkina Ol'ga , Konovalenko Sergey , Trofimov Mihail
Published: November 2021

In the context of the reform of modern Russian society, issues related to strengthening the entire national security system and, first of all, economic security, focused on ensuring stable economic development of society and the state, their protection from current threats and risks, are of particular importance. Ensuring the interests of the country is based on the types of economic security that determine the integral development of the socio-economic space of Russia.
The monograph outlines the essence, content, practical provisions of such aspects of the economic security of society and the state as food, environmental, social, monetary, tax, etc. The system of indicators, indicators and thresholds of various types of economic security is considered. Particular attention is paid to the forecast of the dynamics of key economic indicators of economic security in the medium term. The main directions of increasing the effectiveness of the mechanism for ensuring economic security in a market economy are shown.
For a wide range of readers interested in the economic security of Russia. It will be useful for students, postgraduates and teachers of economic universities.
Tunisian Revolution: prerequisites, features, legal grounds
Authors: Zheltov Maksim
Published: November 2021

The monograph is devoted to the consideration of one of the urgent problems of political theory and practice — the revolution of freedom and dignity in Tunisia, which opened the way for deep democratic transformations in the Islamic country. This revolution has become a convincing example of new, one might say unprecedented before, opportunities for revolutionary renewal of the world within the framework of the current law and without violence, based on revolutionary legality. For the first time in the Islamic world, the possibility of a certain and sufficiently broad cooperation between revolutionary forces and representatives of the former dictatorial power in the country was shown in practice. The main force in the Tunisian Revolution was the masses of the people, who acted independently in the absence of any universally recognized leaders, political parties and movements. Finally, perhaps the highest achievement of the revolution was the adoption of a new constitution that defined the conditions for the subsequent political development of Tunisia.
It is addressed to everyone who is interested in the political development of the modern world. It will be useful for postgraduates and undergraduates studying in the fields of "Political Science" and "Sociology", as well as for university and college teachers.
IMPROVEMENT OF METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF INTERNAL MONEY CONTROL OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Zakirova Alsu , Klychova Guzaliya , Husainova Amina , Dyatlova Angelina , Nikitenko Igor'
Published: November 2021

Today, most of the business transactions carried out by an economic entity, including in the process of settlements with counterparties, are associated with cash flows. Therefore, the issues of internal control are of particular relevance, which contributes to information and consulting support and optimization of the financial and economic activities of the enterprise. The purpose of the work is to develop methodological tools for internal control of funds at the enterprise. In the course of the study, forms of working documents for internal control were developed. To determine a general strategy and a detailed approach to conducting effective control procedures, it was proposed to use an internal control program, which should take into account its resource support, namely, the personnel who will carry out the audit; normative and informational support of the audit; methodological support of verification. The proposed working document of internal control “Test for assessing the accounting system for cash transactions” is designed to collect complete and reliable information about the organization of the accounting system of cash flows, assess the degree of ensuring their safety and intended use at the enterprise. To summarize the results of checking cash flow operations at the cash desk of the enterprise and in bank accounts, their expediency and validity, as well as fixing violations identified in the process of internal control, reports on the results of the audit and detected violations were developed such working documents as: “Report on results checks of cash transactions”, “Checking operations on the movement of funds on settlement accounts in the bank” and “Revealed violations in the accounting of banking operations”. Based on the results of the audit, summarized in the proposed working documents of internal control, the company's management can make managerial decisions to improve the efficiency of the use of funds based on the creation of a liquidity management system.
PROSPECTS FOR THE SOYBEAN MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPORTANCE FOR THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Tsypin Alexander , Valiev Ayrat
Published: November 2021

In order to assess the capabilities of the soybean production industry as one of the factors in the development of the Russian economy, the article provides an overview of global trends and forecasts of the dynamics of supply and demand in the market for soybeans and products from it. The universality and multifunctionality of this group of products is noted, which, together with their useful consumer properties, gives grounds for directing efforts to further develop this segment of the Russian economy. At the same time, the features of the distribution and functioning of the Russian soybean market are highlighted. In addition, the article analyzes the retrospective dynamics of the production of this product in the post-Soviet countries - 15 states of the ex-members of the Soviet Union. Based on the results of the application of a set of statistical methods, a comparison was made of the nature of the development of soybean production in the two leading states among the CIS countries - Russia and Ukraine. The study made it possible to draw the following conclusions: the world soybean market is a steadily developing system, in which the leading positions in production are occupied by the United States, Brazil and Argentina, and in terms of consumption, by China. The share of Russia in world production today is only 1%, while in the post-Soviet space, Russia and Ukraine occupy leading positions as exporters. Pressure from global producers and rising prices for soybeans leads to a significant increase in domestic production in the Russian economy. The field of practical application of the research results is to use some of the findings to conduct a further in-depth study of the prospects for growing soybeans, taking into account the climatic characteristics of the post-Soviet countries, as well as to assess the possibility of Russia entering the world soybean market
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR INTERNAL CONTROL OF RESERVE MOVEMENT
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsu , Husainova Amina , Dyatlova Angelina , Nikitenko Igor'
Published: November 2021

One of the factors for the effective development of enterprises is the rational management of stocks, the state of which affects its production and financial activities. For the rational management of stocks, their effective control should be organized, taking into account the specifics, scale and features of production technology. The purpose of the research is to improve the methodological support of internal control over the movement of stocks. In the course of the study, the main stages of internal control of the movement and the efficiency of using stocks, consisting in planning and carrying out control measures, were considered. In order to comply with the principles of rationality, priority and consistency in the conduct of internal control, it was proposed to use the working document “The program for internal control of the movement and efficiency of inventory use”. Checking the correctness of the estimate of stocks when they are received, procured, or purchased is possible using the internal control working document “Checking the correctness of stock estimates”. It makes it possible to identify errors in the assessment of stocks and the formation of their actual cost, which affects production costs and the final financial result. For the analysis of the movement of stocks, we can recommend the internal control working paper “Analysis of the movement of stocks”. It allows you to control the compliance of the actual size of stocks of the most important types of raw materials and materials with the normative ones. By comparing the incoming and outgoing stocks on the basis of this document, it is possible to identify excessive and unclaimed material resources in the production and financial activities of the enterprise, to establish stocks for which there is a shortage, to prevent a decrease in the quality of products, a decrease in production volumes, a decrease in profits
PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN RUSSIA: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Kumratova Alfira , Aleschenko Vitaliy
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess and predict the factors of productivity of Russian grain production in the context of the ongoing territorial and sectoral structural changes. The research methodology includes a retrospective assessment of the production of major grain crops in the key grain-producing zones of the country. The identification of tendencies and trends was carried out using the methods of nonlinear dynamics. The time period of the study covers 1990-2020. Calculations show that, in Russia as a whole, by 2030 there will be a stable growth in the values of the yields of grain and leguminous crops. The maximum growth rate will be demonstrated by rye (1.9 times more than the average), buckwheat (1.5) and corn (1.3). Wheat and barley yields will grow at the average level. A significant part of the structure of grain production with growth trends will be wheat (winter and spring), as well as barley and corn for grain. The following federal districts will be the leading regions of Russia in grain production: Southern, Central, Povolzhsky, Siberian, North Caucasian. Russia has a enough margin of stability in the productivity of grain production. The growth trends of the main indicators of the productivity of grain production in Russia will continue: the gross harvest of grain and leguminous crops due to the factors of intensification of production has a reserve of 10.4 - 25.7 million tons in excess of the officially planned indicators by 2030. The extensive option of grain production (expansion of the sown area while maintaining the global growth rates of yield) is additionally estimated at 24.5 - 42.6 million tons of the planned values of strategic documents. An increase in demand for grain in the world market will lead to the strengthening of wheat in the structure of grain production in Russia, a sharp increase in specialized zones for the production of corn for grain
ROLE AND PLACE OF IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY (experience of the Republic of Tatarstan)
Authors: Khismatullin Marsel , Khismatullin Mars , Valiev Ayrat , Ullah Rahim , Komissarov Aleksandr
Published: November 2021

The development of globalization processes and, as a result, “blurring of borders” between countries give rise to fierce competition in food markets. In such conditions, ensuring food security largely depends on the efficiency of agricultural production. One of the factors of its stability, regardless of the influence of weather and climatic conditions, especially in areas of risky agriculture, including the Republic of Tatarstan, is irrigation. The research was carried out to assess the current state of the development of irrigated agriculture and its economic efficiency in the Republic of Tatarstan. The efficiency of irrigation was studied in Arsk and Laishevsky municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan when water was supplied, respectively, by diesel (“Kyrlay” LLC) and electrified pumping stations (“Narmonka” LLC). The object of research is potatoes on a total area of 258 hectares. It is not clear how it is possible to conduct research in different farms with different methods of water supply, and to carry out calculations for the total area. The costs of irrigation with 5-fold irrigation with water supply by electrified pumping stations paid off 11.9 times. Direct costs per 1 hectare of potatoes with a planned yield of 250 c/ha amounted to 110,590 rubles/ha, including 5-time irrigation - 10,235 rubles/ha, or 9.2%. The cost of production during irrigation decreases, in comparison with cultivation without irrigation, 2 times or more. A ruble of direct costs for irrigation provides additional products worth more than 12 rubles. According to Federal State Budgetary Institution “Tatmeliovodkhoz” Management”, it is much more profitable to grow fruit and berry and vegetable crops on irrigation. This should push for structural changes in favor of irrigated production of highly marginal crops
DYNAMICS OF HUMUS RESERVES AND FORECAST OF CARBON-INVESTING POTENTIAL OF ZONAL SOILS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Gaffarova Liliya
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the results of statistical processing of morphometric and agrochemical indicators of zonal soils of the Republic of Tatarstan based on the accumulated information of large-scale soil studies. The boundaries of genetic horizons are examined, the content of humus and its reserves within the limits of heavy loamy and clay varieties of arable soil subtypes is estimated. Arithmetic averages allow us to generalize the humus content in soils. So, in the series of sod-podzolic soils – light gray forest-gray forest – dark gray forest-podzolic chernozems – leached chernozems-typical soils in a layer of 0-30 cm on average contains 2,20; 2,58; 3,76; 4,76; 6,8; 7,6; 7,2 % humus. The observed patterns of humus accumulation in soils are also preserved in the distribution of its reserves – 85; 97; 140; 162; 233; 257; 240 tons per he-1. It is proposed to characterize the general population along the boundaries of typical values that fit into the 50% confidence interval to assess the overall range of spatial variability of humus indicators. The upper limit of the typicity will correspond to the greatest accumulation of humus with a combination of local features of soil formation factors and can serve as a guide for predicting carbon sequestration in the soils of this region. Accordingly, the carbon-sequestering potential of sod-podzolic soil and typical chernozem is-20 tons per he-1, light gray forest soil-22 tons per he-1, gray forest soil and leached chernozem-27 tons per he-1, the highest values in dark gray forest soil are more than 30 tons per he-1
GLOBAL DECARBONIZATION: CURRENT TRENDS AND FORECASTS
Authors: Suleymanov Salavat , Sochneva Svetlana , Trofimov Nikolay , Gallyamov Elmir
Published: November 2021

The scientific article provides an analysis of data on the dynamics of changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere, its relationship with an increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s surface and further measures related to the decarbonization of industry.
When analyzing theoretical materials, it was revealed that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere increased from 270 to 419 parts per million (ppm), which ultimately led to an increase in temperature on the planet by 1.1°C over the past 150 years.
If the current rate of growth in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is maintained, the increase in the average global temperature may exceed 4°C, which will have catastrophic consequences.
In terms of CO2 emissions, China ranks first in the world (28,8% of the total global emissions), followed by the United States (14,5%). Next are the European Union (9,7%), India (7,3%), Russia (4.5%) and Japan (3,3%), etc.
To keep the average temperature rise within 1.5°C, the share of renewable energy sources in electricity generation should increase in 2050 to at least 70-85 percent. At the same time, the share of natural gas, provided that technologies for capturing and storing CO2 are used, will decrease to 8% (from 3 to 11% according to different scenarios), while the share of coal will decrease to almost 0% (0-2%)
WAYS TO REDUCE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS INTO THE ATMOSPHERE AT PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN CROP
Authors: Khafizov Ramil , Khaliullin Farit , Khafizov Kamil , Nurmiev Azat , Sinickiy Stanislav , Gallyamov Elmir
Published: November 2021

The article provides an overview of the state of the art related to the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere during the operation of mobile machine-tractor units in the agricultural sector of the economy. Sources of greenhouse gas emissions are considered. It was revealed that a huge amount of greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere due to intensive soil cultivation, while the emission of CO2, NOX and CH4 is many times higher than the emission of these gases from fuel combustion in the engines of machine and tractor units. However, taking into account the large areas of arable land in the Russian Federation, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases with exhaust gases (OG) of engines is an urgent task. The article discusses the composition of the exhaust gases of a diesel engine and methods of binding environmentally harmful substances, considers ways to reduce the emission of toxic components of exhaust gas. It was revealed that of the gases contributing to the formation of the greenhouse effect on the ground, up to 10% of exhaust gases contain carbon dioxide. In this regard, the ways of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide from the engines of machine-tractor units are being analyzed, the tasks of research on the binding of CO2 in soil and plants are set, by using some chemical fertilizers as substitutes, for heating the soil at the time of sowing and activating the vital activity of beneficial microorganisms in it. It is stated that one of the ways to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is to search for ways to reduce direct and indirect energy costs during the operation of machine-tractor units, including by reducing crop losses due to incorrectly selected parameters of tractors and agricultural machines, neg
REDUCING TOTAL ENERGY COSTS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN AGRICULTURE - A WAY TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS TO THE ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Khafizov Kamil
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the search for ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere when performing technological operations in agricultural production. It is proposed to calculate the efficiency of using machine and tractor units based on the methods of physical economics, when not a monetary unit is used as an indicator of efficiency, but an energy unit, which is an indirect indicator of saving or increasing emissions of carbon dioxide. It is substantiated that a decrease in total energy costs when performing technological operations for the production of grain and other crops directly leads to a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Examples of computational experiments are given to identify the most optimal brand of a tractor and optimize the parameters of the working width and speed of the seeding machine-tractor unit K-5250 + Agromaster, leading to a decrease in total energy costs and, accordingly, to a decrease in carbon dioxide emissions and carbon sequestration from the air by reducing losses harvest
APPLICATION OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS BY FERTIGATION AT SEABUCKTHORN NURSERY
Authors: Nelyubova Tatyana , Ryzhova Marina , Kanarsky Aleksandr
Published: November 2021

The effect of fertilizers application by the method of fertigation with drip irrigation during seabuckthorn growing in the nursery was estimated. The research has been carried out in the nursery field, in the forest-steppe zone of Altai Krai in 2019-2020. The soil on the experimental plot is gray-forest, reaction of the medium pH 5.8-5.9. The content of nitrate nitrogen was in the range of 7.8-9.8 mg/kg in the control variant; after fertilization, these values rose to 87.9 mg/kg. Nitrate nitrogen was determined by the ion-selective method. The soil at a high level is provided with mobile phosphorus 342-453 mg/kg and potassium 181-355 mg/kg - determined according to Chirikov. The research object – is one-year-old seabuckthorn trees of Altaiskaya cultivar. Urea was applied as nitrogen fertilizer in three rates of the active ingredient (40, 60, and 80 kg/ha). Double superphosphate (30 kg/ha) and potassium chloride (30 kg/ha) were used as the background. The soil moisture level was maintained at 70-80% of the LWC. The effectiveness of fertilizers was assessed by the marketable yield of two-year-old seedlings and their quality indicators. The measurements were carried out in the fall, after excavation. According to the values of the parameters of the aboveground part, the dose of nitrogen fertilizer of 60 kg/ha turned out to be the best option. At the same time, the seedlings had a height of 89.5 cm, the number of branches was 4.4 pcs., The diameter of the trunk was 8.4 cm, which is 15.4 cm, 0.5 pcs. and 1.3 mm above the control. The yield of seedlings of the first commercial grade in the experiment averaged 164 pieces. (82.8%), the maximum is marked on the N60P30K30 variant 190 pcs. (93.8%). Control without the use of fertilizers in all respects is significantly inferior to options with fertilizers. Thus, the use of nitrogen fertilizers has a positive effect on the quality of the seabuckthorn planting material. As a result, the utilization of nitrogen fertilizers has a positive effect on the quality of the seabuckthorn plant material, while higher concentrations become unprofitable compared to low ones due to high costs and insignificant differences in the quality of trees
MODERNIZATION OF THE LUBRICATION SYSTEM OF THE TURBOCHARGER BEARING OF THE DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Galiev Ilgiz , Parlyuk Ekaterina , Ziganshin Bulat
Published: November 2021

The problem of increasing the unit power of the engine without making changes to its design is solve by using a turbo supercharger. However, due to the intensity of the turbochargers operating mode, which are characterized by engine speed variability due to changing load indicators during operation (the number of rotor revolutions varies from 30000 min-1 to 120000 min-1, engine exhaust gases have a temperature of about 7500C), there is a need to improve the efficiency of the turbocharger bearing lubrication system. The purpose of the research is to ensure the operability and increase the reliability of turbochargers of diesel engines. To achieve this goal, a constructive solution for the lubrication system of the bearing assembly was propose, i.e., a membrane-type hydraulic accumulator was structurally provided in the lubrication system of the bearing assembly. Experimental studies were conduct to identify the operability and effectiveness of this constructive solution. The experiment was carried out on the KAMAZ-740 engine, the turbocharger shaft drive was carried out in normal mode, that is, from exhaust gases. L-02-40 fuel was use, SAE 10W–40 API was use as a lubricant. The turbocharger shaft speed varied from minimum to maximum by changing the engine speed and then stopping it. During the experiments, the following parameters of the turbocharger operation were measure: the duration of inertial rotation of the turbocharger rotor; the duration of pressure reduction in the turbocharger lubrication system. The dependences of the influence of the duration of the pressure drop in the turbocharger lubrication system and the duration of rotation of the turbocharger shaft by inertia with parallel inclusion of the accumulator in its lubrication system and in the normal mode of lubrication of the bearing are reveal. It is established that the installation of a device for feeding the turbocharger bearing during a sharp reduction in engine speed will increase the run-out of the turbocharger rotor from 30 to 65 s while maintaining the normal operating mode of the turbocharger lubrication system
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF CARBON FARMING DEVELOPMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Safin Radik , Valiev Ayrat , Kolesar Valeriya
Published: November 2021

Global climatic changes have a negative impact on the development of all sectors of the economy, including agriculture. However, the very production of agricultural products is one of the most important sources of greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere. Taking into account the need to reduce the “carbon footprint” in food production, a special place is occupied by the analysis of the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and the development of measures for their sequestration in agriculture.

One of the main directions for reducing emissions and immobilizing greenhouse gases is the development of special techniques for their sequestration in the soil, including those used in agriculture. Adaptation of existing farming systems for this task will significantly reduce the “carbon footprint” from agricultural production, including animal husbandry. The development of carbon farming allows not only to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also to significantly increase the level of soil fertility, primarily by increasing the content of organic matter in them. As a result, it becomes possible, along with the production of crop production, to produce “carbon units” that are sold on local and international markets.

The paper analyzes possible greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and the potential for their sequestration in agricultural soils. The role of various elements of the farming system in solving the problem of reducing the “carbon footprint” is considered and ways of developing carbon farming in the Republic of Tatarstan are proposed
DEVELOPMENT OF A PLANT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF ENERGY-SAVING LIGHT TECHNOLOGY FOR GROWING GREATER WAX MOTH IN AN INDUSTRIAL SCALE
Authors: Kondrateva Nadezhda , Osokina Anastasiya , Vashtiev Vasiliy , Buzmakov Daniil , Bol'shin Roman , Krasnolutskaya Maria
Published: November 2021

The larvae of the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) are not only a serious pest of bee colonies, but also a valuable raw material for the production of biologically active substances widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetology, food industry, animal feed, as well as a source of high-quality protein. We have developed an energy-saving installation for industrial insect cultivation, consisting of two modules: the first for butterflies (adults), the second for larvae, pupae and eggs. To implement energy-saving light technology, experiments with a large wax moth were carried out in the laboratory of Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The experiments were repeated 4 times. There were 20 specimens of G. mellonella in each experiment. The air temperature was maintained at 28° C, air humidity 50%. The influence of the duration and wavelength of radiation (400 nm, 491 nm, 546 nm and 577 nm) on the number of adults that moved to the module for butterflies and on the mass of laid eggs was studied. The radiation of 400 nm turned out to be the most effective, since 45% of butterflies moved to it and the mass of laid eggs was 32%, which is significantly higher than that of the radiation of 491, 546 and 577 nm. The duration of the radiation was 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 min. With an experiment duration of 60 min. 45% of the large wax moth is transferred to the butterfly module, with an experiment duration of 30 minutes. - 44%, and with an experiment duration of 10 minutes, 43% of the large wax moth moved. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain the operating time of LEDs with a wavelength of 400 nm for 30 minutes. The aim of the research is to develop an installation for the implementation of energy-saving light technology for the cultivation of larvae of the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) on an industrial scale
DEFROSTING OF ANIMAL COLOSTRUM IN A RING RESONATOR OF ULTRA-HIGH FREQUENCY INSTALLATION
Authors: Prosviryakova Mar'yana , Ershova Irina , Mihaylova Ol'ga , Novikova Galina , Ziganshin Bulat
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the development of a two-resonator ultra-high-frequency (UHF) installation for defrosting and warming up animal colostrum, which ensures electromagnetic safety during continuous operation. As well as the development and study of the parameters of a microwave installation, which allows defrosting and uniformly warming up colostrum of animals in the field of a standing wave in the electromagnetic field of a traveling wave. A microwave installation is described with working chambers arranged in tiers in the form of an annular and conical resonators, containing, respectively, dielectric containers and dielectric conical plates. The out-of-limit waveguide is calculated and the radiation of the electric field through the loading hole is considered in the absence of the out-of-limit waveguide at a distance from the ring resonator that is greater than the wavelength. For uniform defrosting of colostrum in plastic bottles, they should be moved in a ring resonator and the magnetrons should be positioned with a shift of 120 degrees around the perimeter. Then the resulting strength of the electric field consisting of several initial fields will be equal to the vector sum of their strengths. To achieve a high heating rate of raw materials in the region of positive temperatures, it is necessary to provide a condition for heating a thin layer of liquid with the help of coaxially located conical dielectric trays
EFFECTS OF IMPACTS OF COVERING ROLLERS ON GENERAL FORCES OF SMALL-SIZED TILLAGE MACHINE
Authors: Yunusov Gubeydulla , Anderzhanova Nuriya , Valiev Ayrat , Aleshkin Aleksey
Published: November 2021

Increasing the efficiency of agricultural production, in particular the production of crop products in personal subsidiary plots, depends on the development and implementation of high-tech machines and their working units. The need for small-sized tillage equipment is increasing from year to year. But in order to increase the functionality of the equipment and the quality of soil preparation for sowing, it is necessary to study the possibility of using various additional working units.

The purpose of the work is theoretical studies of the movement and kinematic connection of a trailed slatted-spiral roller with a walk-behind tractor, which make it possible to substantiate rational design and technological parameters of a small-sized tillage tool. The study used the provisions of classical mechanics and analytical geometry, methods of equilibrium and motion of mechanical systems based on differential and integral principles of mechanics. The design of active and passive rollers for a walk-behind tractor is considered, which allows to qualitatively prepare the soil for sowing at the depth of seeding, the influence of potential and non-potential effects on their generalized forces is revealed, the angular velocity and their acceleration are determined, as well as the dynamic characteristics of the moment of inertia of the rollers relative to the axes of rotation X4 and Z4 and their frames relative to the axes of rotation X3 and Z3. The difference in the generalized force for a passive roller relative to the angle φ 5.49 N∙m was obtained. The angular speed of the active roller is 23.0 rad/s higher than that of the passive roller, and as a result of research it was revealed that the moments of inertia of the active roller and its frame relative to the axles are significantly higher than that of the passive roller. Generalized forces for an active roller relative to the angle q = 2.58 N∙m and relative to the angle φ = 1.98 N∙m, for a passive roller - relative to the angle q = 2.32 N∙m and relative to the angle φ = 7.47 N∙m. The generalized forces for the potential effects of an active roller are Qθa=1.58 N∙m, Qφa=2.26 N∙m, for a passive roller Qθn=1.32 N∙m, Qφn= 4.60 N∙m. Mθa = 1 N∙m, Mφa = 114.63 N∙m; passive roller - respectively Mθn = 1 N∙m, Mφn = 178.9 N∙m
Well-being and depressive symptoms among corporate employees during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Grajek Mateusz Krystian , Kempa Alicja , Kobza Joanna
Published: November 2021

Cel pracy

Celem badania była ocena samopoczucia pracowników korporacyjnych i czy ono uległo zmianie od początku pierwszej fali COVID-19 (marzec) do rozwoju drugiej fali zachorowań (październik). Istotą pracy było oszacowanie ryzyka wystąpienia objawów depresyjnych w badanej populacji.

Metoda

W badaniu udział wzięło 250 pracowników korporacyjnych z branży IT. Badanie przeprowadzone zostało z użyciem kwestionariusza WHO-5 i testu Becka. Istotność statystyczną określano za pomocą testu Wilcoxona (p=0,05).

Wyniki

W pierwszym etapie badań średnie samopoczucie respondentów ocenione zostało na 20,2 punktów (80,8%), co oznacza samopoczucie na poziomie umiarkowanym. Zaobserwowano, że średnie samopoczucie gorsze było w grupie kobiet (18,4 punktów) niż wśród mężczyzn (22,0 punkty). W ostatnim etapie badań respondenci oceniali swoje samopoczucie jako złe (11 punktów) – poziom zły samopoczucia (10,0 punktów u kobiet i 12,0 punktów u mężczyzn). Stwierdzono, że w etapie październikowym odsetek osób z łagodną i umiarkowaną depresją jest wyższy niż w etapie marcowym.

Wnioski

Na tej podstawie przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że COVID-19 i związane z nim restrykcje wpłynęły negatywnie na kondycję psychiczną badanych.
The Polish adaptation of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT-PL) by Schaufeli et al.
Authors: Basińska Beata , Gruszczyńska Ewa , Schaufeli Wilmar
Published: November 2021

Cel pracy

Celem badania jest przedstawienie polskiej wersji Metody Oceny Wypalenia Zawodowego BAT-PL W. Schaufeliego i wsp. oraz oceną jej trafności i rzetelności. Metoda mierzy podstawowe objawy wypalenia (BAT-C): wyczerpanie, zdystansowanie psychiczne, pogorszenie funkcjonowania poznawczego i emocjonalnego, oraz towarzyszące im objawy wtórne (BAT-S): skargi psychosomatyczne i objawy dystresu psychologicznego.

Metoda

W badaniu uczestniczyło 255 osób personelu pielęgniarskiego. W celu oceny trafności wykorzystano jednopunktową skalę satysfakcji z pracy, Utrechtską Skalę Zaangażowania w Pracę UWES-3 Schaufeliego i wsp. oraz Skalę Dobrostanu Emocjonalnego w Pracy JAWS van Katwyk i wsp.

Wyniki

Wyniki konfirmacyjnej analizy czynnikowej potwierdziły strukturę czynnikową metody. Dotyczy to zarówno BAT-C jako czterech objawów podstawowych i czynnika ogólnego (metacecha) reprezentującego wypalenie, jak i BAT-S jako zespołu dwóch objawów wtórnych oraz metacechy. Obie skale były silnie skorelowane ze sobą i różniły się od innych miar dobrostanu zawodowego (satysfakcji z pracy, zaangażowania w pracę i emocji negatywnych). Wartości współczynników α-Cronbacha oraz rzetelności łącznej pokazały, że BAT jest rzetelną metodę pomiaru.

Wnioski

Polska adaptacja Metody Oceny Wypalenia Zawodowego BAT-PL W. Schaufeliego i wsp. cechuje się dobrymi właściwościami psychometrycznymi i może być brana pod uwagę w badaniach naukowych nad wypaleniem zawodowym oraz dalej weryfikowana w praktyce klinicznej.
Evolution of Open Quantum Systems: Time Scales, Stochastic and Continuous Processes
Authors: Khalil Tarek , Richert Jean
Published: November 2021

The study of the physical properties of open quantum systems is at the heart of many investigations, which aim to describe their dynamical evolution on theoretical ground and through physical realizations. Here, we develop a presentation of different aspects, which characterize these systems and confront different physical situations that can be realized leading to systems, which experience Markovian, non-Markovian, divisible or non-divisible interactions with the environments to which they are dynamically coupled. We aim to show how different approaches describe the evolution of quantum systems subject to different types of interactions with their environments.Quanta 2021; 10: 42–54.
Front Matter: Volume 2
Authors: Hájek Petr , Vít Ondřej
Published: November 2021

This PDF file contains the front matter of the Proceedings of CBU in Proceedings of CBU in Economics and Business Volume 2 including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.