bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leucaena leucocephala and Prosopis juliflora: A comparative study of their seedlings with better drought adapted features in the time of rainfall pattern shifting
Authors: Mishra Ashish , Mishra Swati , Rajak Prakash , Singh Hema
Published: December 2023

Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de wit, and Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC, were introduced across the country due to their wide importance andthey are posing threat to native trees and ecosystem because of their wild and invasive nature. Therefore, study of their invasive featuresbecomes important during the current rainfall shift as India is witnessing a decrease in average rainfall and rainy events but an increasein downpour events. Our study throws light upon these plants’ invasiveness and rainfall-adapted characteristics. We performed the studyin the Botanical Garden, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study included two experiments (1) Seed germination underdifferent treatments- 48% H2SO4 for 40 minutes (T1), Water at 100°C for 10 minutes (T2), one-day water-soaked seed (T3); (2) Seedlingssurvival percentage and growth-indices under different watering conditions i.e., 50 mL water per seedling every day (W1), 50 mL wateronce in four days (W2), 50 mL water once in ten days (W3). Result of this study revealed that P. juliflora exhibited better germinationspeed and percentage in all three treatments (T1, T2, T3) in comparison to the L. leucocephala, while under T1 treatment, both exhibitedbest germination. On the 60th day of experiment maximum survival percentage was recorded under W2 water condition but maximumroot length was observed under W3 treatment for L. leucocephala and P. juliflora while maximum stem height was found under W1 andW2 treatments for L. leucocephala and P. juliflora respectively. These finding would conclude that P. juliflora is more potential invaderin comparison to L. leucocephala as this gave the best result under the drought stress condition W2 and W3 for all the parameters andstudy performed. Study also highlight the need of mitigation measures to curb the unlimited growth of P. juliflora under the presentscenario of rainfall shift favouring the invasion of drought tolerating plants.
Exploring the role of industry in vocational education: A quantitative study of work-based learning competencies
Authors: Fakhri Ardani Ahsanul , Sudira Putu , Pardjono Pardjono
Published: December 2023

Vocational education is an educational institution that prepares its graduates to be ready for work, through work-based learning. The implementation of work-based learning requires a very good role from the industry. Therefore, this research intended to explore the role of industry in work-based learning. This research was conducted using a descriptive quantitative method. The data collection was carried out with a questionnaire that contained five elements to explore the role of industry in work-based learning. Data processing was carried out using statistical software to display the mean and standard deviation of the data results, then categorization was carried out to describe the role of the industry. The results of the research through the exploration of the five elements show that the role of industry in work-based learning is in the very good category for each element. This study was necessary, considering the industry is an important component in the implementation of work-based learning.
Keywords: work-based learning, vocational, quantitative, Role of Industry
A Data Warehouse Architecture Proposal and ETL Analysis, Case study of an Albanian Banking System
Authors: MILLO Denisa , BACI Nevila , TAHIRAJ Shpresim
Published: December 2023

The increasing phenomenon of information overload is a direct result of the ongoing trend to reduce the cost of data distribution while the development of data processing platforms is not fast enough. Therefore, sending packets of data is not a big issue, but processing an increasing amount of data is a big challenge.

Data Warehouse is a concept born in the late ‘80s and has been improved decade after decade with the growth of technology. Despite many application areas, the data warehouse concept is still new and unknown to Albanian businesses and companies with a large amount of data to store and analyze.

This paper aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the concept of a data warehouse, the different architectures applied, and the Extract, Transform Load (ETL) process. The ETL process as a concept consists of extracting the data from a source, transforming them into different formats or dimensions, and then loading them somewhere to be checked for analysis or other purposes.

In this paper, we can find different definitions of the data warehouse, where it can be implemented, the different architectures according to the need of the users, and how the ETL process works. The last chapter implements a data warehouse for the banking system seen from a Management Information Systems perspective followed by an application of a step-by-step ETL procedure.
A study of pre-analytical errors in a public hospital biochemistry laboratory according to their causes and units
Authors: Ay Gungor , Akbal Songul , Akbal Ozgur Yasar
Published: December 2023

The clinical laboratory is an important stakeholder in the patient management process with a direct impact on patient care by providing evidence and data for diagnosis and treatment. Identifying reliable quality indicators in clinical laboratories is an important step in enabling users to measure the quality of laboratory service. Any error in the pre-analytical process affects other processes and jeopardizes patient safety. This study aimed to examine the number of specimen rejections in clinical laboratories, their reasons, and their range according to the departments. The study was a descriptive retrospective study. The population of the study consisted of samples rejected from the Biochemistry Laboratory of a teaching and research hospital in 2021. Data were analyzed using percentage and frequency analysis. The study recommends that practices to minimize errors in the pre-analytical process should be carried out urgently by the management and a training plan for sample collection should established.
Keywords: Clot; hemolysis; patient safety; pre-analytical process; sample rejection.
BOZKIR TOPLUMLARINDA TOPLUMSAL TABAKANIN GÖSTERGESİ OLARAK “HALKA AVLARI”
Authors: AMASYA Eray , ERASLAN Derviş Ulaşhan
Published: December 2023

İnsanlığın ilk zamanlarından beri avcılık toplumların ekonomik, siyasi, sosyal ve kültürel karakterlerini belirleyecek kadar etkili bir faaliyet olmuştur. Avcılık sosyal anlamda halk tabanında geniş bir yer bulan aktivite olmakla birlikte, bozkır toplumlarında yöneten ve yönetilen ilişkisinin de bir aracı olmuştur. Bozkır toplumlarında halka avı, gücü sembolize eden iktidarın bir göstergesi olmuştur. Bununla birlikte halka avları, toplumsal statüyü dizayn etme işlevi görmüştür. Bu çalışma, toplumsal yapının oluşmasında sosyal semboller olarak bozkır toplumlarında iktidar ile iktidarın meşrulaştırılması bağlamında karizmatik otorite ve toplumsal tabakaların oluşması süreçlerini halka avları esasında değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, bozkır toplumlarında halka avlarının toplumsal tabaka ve sosyal sermaye üzerindeki rolünü ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın kapsamı bağlamında bozkır toplumlarının iktidar ilişkileri, sosyal sermayeleri ve lidere atfedilen anlam, halka avları bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Halka avında lider, karizmatik otoritenin göstergesi olarak ele alınırken, av sırasında komutanlar ve soyluların göstermiş olduğu yararlılık ise iktidar ve sosyal statü ilişkileri bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada avlanma ve av sonrası etin paylaşımı, halka avları bağlamında iktidar, otorite, sosyal sermaye ve sosyal tabakalar arası farklılaşmanın bozkır toplumlarındaki yansıması üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda bozkır toplumlarında halka avlarının sosyal tabakalar, sosyal sermaye ilişkileri ve liderin karizmatik otoritesi üzerinde belirleyici bir araç olduğu ayrıca halka avları çerçevesinde ortaya çıkan kural ve törenlerin de toplumsal tabaka ilişkileri açısından önem arz ettiği anlaşılmıştır.
Research progress in in vivo tracing technology for extracellular vesicles
Authors: Shi Yanhua , Wang Xianghui , Zhang Shifang , Yin Hao , Fan Huaju , Tang Yaohui , Yang Nana
Published: December 2023

Cells have the capability to discharge extracellular vesicles (EVs) into a range of bodily fluids. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encapsulate biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, playing a role in facilitating cell-cell communication. They actively engage in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes. In vivo tracing of EVs in organisms significantly contributes to elucidating the biological mechanisms of EV-based therapy. The development of molecular imaging technology makes it possible to trace EVs in vivo . Experiments frequently employ a range of molecular imaging techniques, encompassing bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, photoacoustic imaging, and multimodal imaging. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this review, typical applications of in vivo tracing of EVs are reviewed.
A study to assess the effect of pretreatment with intravenous palonosetron in preventing pain on propofol injection
Authors: Nethra Surhonne  , Chaithali Hebri  , Sudeesh Kannan
Published: December 2023

Background. Propofol is widely used for induction, maintenance of anaesthesia and possess many characteristics of an ideal intravenous anaesthetic agent. It is known to cause severe, sharp, stinging or burning pain on injection which is considered to be unacceptable as it can cause agitation and interfere with smooth induction of anaesthesia. In this study we are comparing Palonosetron and Normal Saline in decreasing pain on injection of propofol during intravenous induction of anaesthesia.
Material and methods. One hundred adult patients belonging to ASA physical status I or II, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were selected and randomly allocated to two groups. Group P received Injection Palonosetron and Group S received Injection Normal Saline as pre-treatment before injection of propofol. Patients were assessed for pain on propofol injection. Haemodynamic parameters and electrocardiography were recorded at the following points of time: prior to induction, after pre-treatment,induction, and half hourly during the surgery.
Results. Comparing pain during propofol injection, 32% in Palonosetron group and 4% in Normal Saline group did not have pain, 54 % in Palonosetron group and 20 % in Normal Saline group had mild pain, 12% in Palonosetron group and 48% in Normal Saline group had moderate pain, 2% in Palonosetron group and 28% in Normal Saline group had severe pain.
Conclusions. Pretreatment with Palonosetron 0.075 mg reduced the incidence and severity of propofol induced pain on injection, with an added advantage of decreased post-operative nausea and vomiting without significant haemodynamic changes.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPERAN MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK SUSU SEGAR DAN OLAHAN DI MALANG: Studi Kasus di Koperasi SAE Pujon
Authors: Murti Ariani Trisna , Setyowati Karunia , Astuti Farida Kusuma
Published: December 2023

The research was conducted using a survey method at the KOP SAE, Pujon, Malang in March 2020 with the consideration that the SAE Dairy Cooperative in Pujon is one of the largest dairy cooperatives in Malang which supplies a lot of milk to several dairy processing industries. The data used are primary and secondary data, where primary data is obtained from the results of questionnaires filled in by respondents from research sites, journals, and books to support research results. The number of samples selected was 100 people using the purposive sampling method. The data analysis method used the descriptive qualitative analysis method by obtaining the correlation between marketing mix variables (product, price, place, promotion, and people) on consumer purchasing decisions in buying fresh milk products and processed products at the KOP SAE, Pujon, Malang Regency. The conclusion of the research is that product variable, place variables, and promotion variables have a dominant influence on consumer purchasing decisions in buying fresh and processed milk products with significance values of 0.285, 0.256, and 0.223 respectively. While the service and price variables simultaneously provide a positive relationship and correlation with sequential values of 0.211 and 0.164, therefore it is considered less significant in influencing consumer decisions in buying fresh and processed milk products in the KOP SAE, Pujon, Malang.
Climate Change, Large Risks, Small Risks, and the Value per Statistical Life
Authors: Alberini Anna , Scasny Milan
Published: December 2023

We conduct a contingent valuation survey in Spain and the UK to elicit information about the WTP for heat wave watch and response programs. We find that people are willing to pay for such programs, and that the WTP (€ 50 for each of 10 years; 2019 PPP euro) is virtually the same across the two countries and across respondents that received two alternate presentations of the mortality risks with and without the programs. The responses to the WTP questions are internally consistent. Persons who re-assessed their own risks as “very high” after reading the questionnaire’s information about the health effects of excessive heat are prepared to pay more for these programs. These persons are in poor health and less highly educated, and thus an important priority for outreach and education efforts by heat wave watch and response programs. That people value saving lives during heat waves as important is confirmed by the results of person tradeoffs, which show that avoiding a fatality during heat waves is comparable to avoiding a cancer fatality, is slightly more valuable than an avoiding a cardiovascular fatality, and definitely more valuable than an avoided road traffic fatality. The Value per Statistical Life implied by the WTP for the programs is € 1.1 million to € 4.7 million (2019 PPP euro), depending on the size of the mortality risk reduction valued by the respondent, for an average of € 1.6 million.
RSV-bacterial co-infection is associated with increased illness severity in hospitalized children - Results from a prospective sentinel surveillance study
Authors: Torres Ana Rita , Gaio Vânia , Melo Aryse , Lança Miguel , Barreto Marta , Gomes Licínia , Azevedo Inês , Bandeira Teresa , Lito David , Guiomar Raquel , Rodrigues Ana Paula , group VigiRSV
Published: December 2023

Purpose: During the autumn/winter respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemics, bacterial co-infection is common and affects the severity of the disease. We aimed to understand the relationship between RSV-bacterial co-infections and clinical severity since the change of RSV seasonality after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: We conducted a prospective, sentinel surveillance study at 20 sites in Portugal in children under two years old hospitalized with RSV, between April 2021 and January 2023. The effect of co-infection with potentially pathogenic bacteria (PPB) on the length of hospitalization and disease severity (defined by the need for ventilation or admission to an intensive care unit-ICU) was investigated using multivariate linear and log-binomial regression models. Age group (<6 months/≥6 months) and prematurity (yes/no) were included in models as potential confounders.
Results: We report two RSV off-season epidemics: June 2021-February 2022 and May-October 2022. Among 678 RSV hospitalizations, 67.4 % occurred in children under 6 months old and 15.3 % in pre-term; 20.4 % tested positive for PPB; median length of hospitalization was five days (IQR: 3-7days); 5.8 % had at least one underlying condition. The most common bacteria were Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Children co-infected with PPB had a higher rate of ICU admission (29.7 % versus 3.5 %, p<0.001), resulting in more prolonged hospitalizations (median of 7 days versus 5 days, p<0.001) and a 13-fold risk of having severe disease (RR: 13.2, 95 CI: 7.3-23.9).
Conclusion: RSV-bacterial co-infection was associated with increased length of hospitalization and severe illness during off-season epidemics. This risk is probably overestimated, as laboratory testing for bacterial infections is usually higher in severely ill-appearing children. Measures to prevent outgrowth of pathogenic bacteria within the respiratory tract should be discussed.
Stingless bee foraging activity related to environmental aspects
Authors: de Moura Marcos Estevan Kraemer , Faita Márcia Regina , Bertoldo Juliano Garcia , Poltronieri Alex Sandro , Contrera Felipe Andrés Leon
Published: December 2023

The environment where bee colonies are inserted must provide the necessary resources for their survival. Given this, any environmental changes can affect the development and survival of colonies. We evaluated the foraging activity of Plebeia droryana (Friese), Scaptotrigona bipunctata (Lepetelier) and Melipona quadrifasciata (Lepetelier) in areas with different land uses and land cover. These areas were classified as predominantly i) urbanized (area 1), ii) agricultural (area 2) and iii) with dense vegetation (area 3). We correlated the morphometric characteristics of the bees with the pollen load transported. Four colonies belonging to each species were installed in the three areas. We recorded light, wind speed, humidity and temperature and counted workers returning with nectar, pollen and resin. Plebeia droryana and S. bipunctata collected more resin and nectar in area 3 compared to area 2. Scaptotrigona bipunctata collected more pollen in areas 1 and 3, and M. quadrifasciatadid not show differences in foraging activity between areas. Plebeia droryana and M. quadrifasciata showed moderate and strong correlations for morphometric characteristics and pollen load. Smaller species showed greater collection of resources in the area predominantly covered by dense vegetation. The reduction of vegetation cover can affect the resource collection activity of stingless bees.
Statistical Modeling of Indus River Outflow at Tarbela Dam using Generalized Gumbel Type 2 Distribution
Authors: Ateeq Kahkashan , Qasim Tahira Bano , Kiran Wajeeha
Published: December 2023

The Indus River, a lifeline for Pakistan, holds paramount significance for its geography, history, and economy. This research delves into a comprehensive analysis of the river's behavior by introducing a novel statistical framework. Leveraging the Gumbel Type 2 distribution and the Rayleigh distribution, a new generalized Gumbel Type 2 (GG2) distribution is derived, and used for modeling the data about the river's outflow at the Tarbela Dam during 2020–2021. Our study contributes to the understanding of the complex dynamics of the Indus River, aiding in the sustainable management of its resources. The GG2 distribution, designed for extreme value events, adept at modeling positive-valued variables, were combined to model the intricate characteristics of the river's flow. Parameters were estimated using both classical and Bayesian methods, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of our findings. The incorporation of Bayesian techniques adds robustness to our parameter estimates and allows for a more comprehensive uncertainty analysis. The results not only deepen our understanding of the river's behavior but also offer insights crucial for infrastructure planning, flood control, and resource allocation.
Supramolecular Polynuclear Clusters Mediated Assembly of Cubic Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks with Octahedral Cages for Reversible Photochromism
Authors: Ye Gang , Ding Xiaojun , Chen Jing
Published: December 2023

Developing supramolecular porous crystalline frameworks with tailor-made architectures from advanced secondary building units (SBUs) remains a pivotal challenge in reticular chemistry. Particularly for hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), construction of geometrical cavities through secondary units has been rarely achieved. Herein, a body-centered cubic HOF (TCA_NH4) with octahedral cages was constructed by a C3-symmetric building block and NH4+ node-assembled cluster (NH4)4(COOH)8(H2O)2 that served as supramolecular secondary building units (SSBUs), akin to the polynuclear SBUs in reticular chemistry. Specifically, the octahedral cages could encapsulate four homogenous haloforms including CHCl3, CHBr3, and CHI3 with truncated octahedron configuration. Crystallographic evidence revealed the cages served as spatially-confined nanoreactors, enabling fast, broadband photochromic effect associated with the reversible photo/thermal transformation between encapsulated CHI3 and I2. Overall, this work provides a new strategy by shaping SSBUs to expand the framework topology of HOFs, and a new prototype of hydrogen-bonded nanoreactors to accommodate reversible photochromic reactions.
Oncologists’ Perceptions of Tumor Genomic Profiling and Barriers to Communicating Secondary Hereditary Risks to African American Cancer Patients
Authors: Hall Michael J , D’Avanzo Paul A , Chertock Yana , Kelly Patrick JA , Brajuha Jesse , Singley Katie , Luck Caseem , Bass Sarah Bauerle
Published: December 2023

Background Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) identifies targets for precision cancer treatments, but also secondary hereditary risks. Oncologists are poorly trained to communicate these results, especially among patients with lower health literacy, poorer genetics knowledge, and higher mistrust. African American (AA) patients are especially vulnerable due to significant cancer disparities and lower uptake of TGP.Methods This mixed-methods study used semi-structured interviews of oncologists to inform development of an online survey with a convenience sample of US-based oncologists (n = 50) to assess perceptions of the challenges of TGP and communicating results to AA patients.Results Most interviewed oncologists felt it was important to consider racial/cultural differences when communicating about hereditary risks. Cost, family dynamics, discrimination concerns, and medical mistrust were identified as particularly salient. Survey respondents’ views related to AAs and perceptions of TGP were strongly associated with years since completing training, with recent graduates expressing stronger agreement with statements identifying barriers/disadvantages to TGP for AA patients.Conclusions Oncologists who had more recently completed training expressed more negative perceptions of TGP and more perceived challenges in communicating about TGP with their AA patients. Focused training for oncologists that address barriers specific to AAs may be helpful in supporting improved communication about TGP.
Population genomics of an accidental pathogen Streptococcus mitis from patients with bloodstream infection and infective endocarditis in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Kalizang'oma Akuzike , Richard Damien , Kwambana-Adams Brenda , Coelho Juliana , Broughton Karen , Pichon Bruno , Hopkins Katie , Chalker Victoria , Beleza Sandra , Bentley Stephen , Chaguza Chrispin , Heyderman Robert
Published: December 2023

Streptococcus mitis is a leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE). However, our understanding of the genomic epidemiology and pathogenicity of IE-associated S. mitis is hampered by low IE incidence. Here we use whole genome sequencing of 217 S. mitis bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates collected between 2001–2016 from clinically diagnosed IE cases in the UK to investigate genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and pathogenicity. We show high genetic diversity of IE-associated S. mitis with virtually all isolates belonging to distinct lineages indicating no predominance of specific lineages. Additionally, we found a highly variable distribution of known pneumococcal virulence genes among the isolates, some of which were overrepresented in the disease than contextual carriage strains. Our findings suggest that S. mitis in patients with clinically diagnosed IE is not primarily caused by specific hypervirulent or antimicrobial resistant lineages, highlighting the accidental pathogen nature of S. mitis in patients with clinically diagnosed IE.
Effect of hypoxic stress on the glycolytic pathway of Onchidium reevesii
Authors: Chen Feng , Tang Liusiqiao , Sun Mingyin , Rao Changhao , Zhao Fengsheng , Bai Xueying , Zhou Qinglan , Shen Heding
Published: December 2023

The escalating incidence of hypoxia in intertidal environs, a consequence of global warming and eutrophic episodes, presents a formidable peril to the biota ensconced within these precincts. This inquiry delves into whether Onchidium reevesii, a denizen of the intertidal sphere, harnesses the glycolytic sequence to derive energy and surmount hypoxic adversity. To this end, the pivotal gene implicated in the glycolytic cascade, termed OrGLUT-1, was replicated and subjected to a bioinformatic dissection. The technology of Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was employed to assess the transcriptional abundance of OrGLUT-1within diversified tissues of O.reevesii, most notably the central nervous system and hepatopancreas, during anoxic duress. Additionally, the study scrutinized alterations in genes germane to energy metabolism—namely hexokinase(HK) and pyruvate kinase (PK)—within the aforementioned tissues and highlighted enzymatic fluxes pertaining to Hexokinase, Pyruvate kinase, and Lactate dehydrogenase under similarly austere conditions. The findings disclose that OrGLUT-1's cDNA spans a length of 2,386 base pairs, and boasts a pronounced expression in both the central nervous substrate as well as hepatic digestion glands. Notably, hypoxia precipitated discernible modulation in the transcripts of OrGLUT-1, alongside genes HK and PK, within both neural and hepatopancreatic tissues. Concomitantly, the enzymatic vigor of HK, PK, and LDH in neural matter evinced an escalatory pattern, suggesting that O.reevesiimight indeed resort to the glycolytic route for energy acquisition amidst oxygen-scarce habitats. Collectively, these revelations furnish pivotal comprehension into the adaptive stratagems of O.reevesii under hypoxic conditions and could potentially undergird strategies tailored to shield organisms within the intertidal zones from the ravages of anoxic stress.
Differentiated thyroid cancer with osteo-granulomatous inflammation: a case report
Authors: Yan Zhihua , Cheng Bing , Wu Tong , Li Xiangzhou , Guo Mingzhen
Published: December 2023

Background: Cryptococcus, a genus of fungi, primarily includes Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, both known to cause human infections. Skeletal infections are rare, and there have been no reported cases of bone cryptococcal infection in conjunction with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Patient's main symptoms and key clinical findings: A 56-year-old female presented with a one-month history of "cough and throat irritation." Chest CT revealed scattered small nodules in both lungs, suggestive of metastasis. There was minimal inflammation in both lungs, and scattered lymph nodes were observed in the mediastinum and upper pulmonary hilum.
Main diagnosis, intervention, and major outcomes: The patient was diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma complicated by cryptococcal infection. Antifungal treatment with itraconazole 200mg/day was initiated, and after 3 months, clinical symptoms disappeared, with a reduction in lung nodules observed in follow-up chest CT.
Conclusion: When diagnosing distant metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a comprehensive analysis combining imaging studies and serum thyroid globulin plays a complementary role, as illustrated in this case of differentiated thyroid carcinoma concurrent with cryptococcal infection.
Mitogenomes comparison of 3 species of Asparagus L shedding light on their functions due to domestication and adaptative evolution
Authors: Wu He , Dongchen Wenhua , Li Yunbin , Brown Sylvia E , Wei Shugu , Lin Chun , Mao Zichao , Liu Zhengjie
Published: December 2023

Background: Asparagus L., widely distributed in the old world is a genus under Asparagaceae, Asparagales. The species of the genus were mainly used as vegetables, traditional medicines as well as ornamental plants. However, the evolution and functions of mitochondrial (Mt) genome (mitogenome) remains largely unknown. In this study, the typical herbel medicine of A. taliensis and ornamental plant of A. setaceus were used to assemble and annote the mitogenomes, and the resulted mitogenomes were further compared with published mitogenome of A. officinalis for the analyses of their functions due to domestication and adaptative evolution.
Results: The mitochondrial genomes of both A. taliensis and A. setaceus were assembled as complete circular ones. The phylogenetic trees based on conserved coding proteins of Mt genomes and whole chloroplast (Cp) genomes showed that, the phylogenetic relationship of the sampled 13 species of Asparagus Lwere not exactly consistent. The collinear analyses between the nuclear (Nu) and Mt genomes confirmed the existence of mutual horizontal genes transferrings (HGTs) between Nu and Mt genomes among these species. Based on RNAseq data, the Mt RNA editing were detected and atp1 and ccmB RNA editing of A. taliensis were futher confirmed by DNA sequencing. Simultaneously homologous search found 5 Nu coding gene families including pentatricopeptide-repeats (PPRs) involved in Mt RNA editing were predicted in these species. Finally, the Mt genome variations, gene expressions and mutural HGTs between Nu and Mt were detected with correlation to their growth and developmental phenotypes respectively. The results suggest that, both Mt and Nu genomes coevoluted to maintain the Mt organella replication and meet requirements of energy production through TCA and oxidative phosphorylation among these species.
Conclusion: The assembled and annotated complete mitogenomes of both A. taliensis and A. setaceus provides valuable information for their phylogeny and concerted action of Nu and Mt genomes to maintain the energy production system of Asparagus L due to domestication and adaptation to environmental niches.
Assessment of spatial and temporal variations in the water quality of the Loktak Lake – Largest Ramsar Site in North-east India
Authors: Singh Thingujam Manithoi , Borah Rajtanaya , Goyari Sonali , Devi Ashalata , Malunguja Gisandu K
Published: December 2023

The present study was conducted in the Loktak lake which is the largest Ramsar site in the north-east India. In recent years, the lake has experienced a decline in its condition due to the accelerated process of urbanization, encroachment, high sedimentation, extensive use of chemical products and other anthropogenic activities. To assess the temporal water quality status, 38 sampling points were selected across the lake over four different seasons within a year. Twelve (12) physicochemical parameters like total alkalinity, calcium, chloride (Cl−), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness, pH, phosphate (PO43−), salinity, sulphate (SO42−), total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity were analyzed using standard methods and instruments. The measured values of DO, EC, pH and turbidity were found beyond the desirable limits of BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) and WHO (World Health Organization). This observation can be attributed to elevated levels of pollutants and microbiological processes. Lake water was ranged from slightly acidic to alkaline. High mean concentrations of EC (211.98) was found throughout the year. The study's findings indicate that the lake water exhibits a certain degree of pollution, necessitating appropriate treatment measures to ensure its suitability for both for domestic use and the preservation of wildlife. It is imperative to promptly develop effective management and conservation measures in order to mitigate the ongoing deterioration of water quality inside the lake and its associated ecosystem.
How ephapticity can explain brain complexity?
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Moreno , de Sousa Matheus Phellipe Brasil , Corso Gilberto , Lima Gustavo Zampier dos Santos
Published: December 2023

The origin of brain complexity remains an open question within the field of neuroscience. Although the acknowledged significance of synaptic stimuli, their efficacy frequently proves inadequate in explaining both the profound brain intricacies and refined levels of cognitive integration. Recent investigations in neuroscience have cast doubt on the mechanisms by which the brain generates highly complex, intricate dynamics, emergent patterns, and sophisticated oscillation signals. In this interesting context, our study, in line with contemporary research, postulates the hypothesis that ephaptic communication may emerge as the prime candidate to elucidate neuronal complexity. The present research carried out a comparative analysis between two types of networks using the Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire-Ephaptic model: (I) a small-world synaptic network and (II) a mixed composite network comprising a small-world synaptic network augmented by an ephaptic network. We employ the Multiscale Scale Entropy approach to examine the responses of both networks, with complexity estimated by summing across all temporal scales. The outcomes clarify that ephaptic coupling amplifies complexity under specific conditions, taking into account variables such as timescale and synaptic intensity. These results may provide new insights into the balance of nervous system communications and underscore the fundamental role of ephapticity in orchestrating complex brain functions. Consequently, our research significantly contributes to advancing a deeper understanding of the intricate, complex dynamics inherent in brain activities.
Seasonal patterns in melasma incidence and correlation to Google Trends search volume: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Getachew Ethiopia , Kamal Kanika , Young Katherine , Xiang David , Semenov Yevgeniy , Mostaghimi Arash , Theodosakis Nicholas
Published: December 2023

Melasma is a hyperpigmenting disorder primarily affecting darker-skinned individuals and women of reproductive age. Melasma has being associated with photoaging and sun exposure. As such, in this study we investigate seasonal trends in melasma diagnoses, considering race and ethnicity, and seasonal Google search trends. We utilized the Mass General Brigham Research Patient Data Registry (RPDR) and Google Trends data from 2015 to 2022. Among 3,895 melasma patients identified in RPDR, the mean age of diagnosis was 43.9 years. We found the highest melasma incidence was seen in Fall, especially among White, Asian, and Hispanic patients. Black patients exhibited dual peaks in incidence in both the Spring and Fall. Google Trends search data showed increased search during Summer, suggesting a delay between melasma development, and therefore searches, and formal dermatologist evaluation. Overall, this study highlights the seasonal periodicity of melasma and underscores the importance of year-round sun protection and counseling for individuals of all Fitzpatrick skin types.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy combined with docetaxel on the biological behavior of human gastric cancer AGS cells under the alternating magnetic field
Authors: li chunyan , yang xiaojun
Published: December 2023

Objective
To study the effects of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy combined with the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel on the biological behavior of human gastric cancer AGS cells under an alternating magnetic field of a certain intensity.
Methods In vitro warming experiments were performed on DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid under an alternating magnetic field to determine the optimal temperature (43.5°C) required for nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy. Human gastric cancer AGS cells were divided into control, nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy, chemotherapy and nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy groups (referred to as the thermo-chemotherapy group). The CCK8 assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid on AGS cells and to determine the working concentration of docetaxel on AGS cells; A cell scratch assay was performed to explored the cell migratory movements of cell groups, and a transwell assay was performed to test the invasion of each group of cells and flow cytometry to detect apoptosis of cells in each group.
Results The warming effect of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid was good, and when the concentration of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid was ≥ 7 g·Ｌ–1, the temperature could reach over 43.5℃. The drug concentration at 24h IC50 was used as the working concentration for the experiment, and the working concentration of docetaxel was determined to be 0.20 mM. Both nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy alone at 43.5 ℃ and chemotherapy alone had inhibitory and killing effects on AGS cells (P < 0.05), and the flow cytometry results showed that the apoptosis rates of the control group, the nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy group, the chemotherapy group, and the thermochemotherapy group were 6.11 %, 17.67 %, 20.21 % and 43.80 %.
Conclusion Under the effect of alternating magnetic field, DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy (43.5°C) could significantly enhance the inhibitory effect of the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel on AGS cells.
An Innovative Multi-Omics Model Integrating Latent Alignment and Attention Mechanism for Drug Response Prediction
Authors: Cui Yuan-Chi , Chen Hui-O , Lin Peng-Chan , Chiang Jung-Hsien
Published: December 2023

Background
Using omics, we are now able to examine all components of biological systems simultaneously. Omics can influence treatment decisions, enhancing clinical outcomes. Deep learning-based drug prediction methods have shown promise by integrating cancer-related multi-omics data. However, The complex interaction between genes poses challenges in accurately projecting multi-omics data. In this research, we present a predictive model for drug response that incorporates diverse omics data, comprising genetic mutations, copy number variations, and methylation, along with gene expression data. This study proposes latent alignment as a solution for information mismatch in integration, achieved through an attention module capturing interactions among diverse omics data.
Results:
The latent alignment and attention modules significantly improve predictions, outperforming the baseline model with MSE = 1.1333, F1-score = 0.5342, and AUROC = 0.5776. It demonstrated high accuracy in predicting drug responses for Piplartine and Tenovin-6, while accuracy was comparatively lower for Mitomycin-C and Obatoclax. This observation aligns with the notion mentioned in our previous experiment that the methylation and expression datasets make a meaningful contribution to predicting drug response. The latent alignment module exclusively outperforms the baseline model, enhancing MSE by 0.2375, F1-score by 4.84%, and AUROC by 6.1%. Similarly, the attention module only improves these metrics by 0.1899, 2.88%, and 2.84%, respectively. In the interpretability case study, Panobinostat, an HDAC2 inhibitor, exhibited the most effective predicted response with a value of -4.895.
Conclusion:
By integrating multiple omics data effectively, we improve prediction accuracy and interpretability. We provide reliable insights for drug selection in medical decision-making by identifying crucial genetic factors influencing drug response.
Compacting cities and conserving large green spaces reduce the negative effects of the urbanization on functional diversity of birds
Authors: Campus-Silva Lucas Andrei , Toppa Rogério Hartung , Piratelli Augusto João
Published: December 2023

Urban sprawl occurs through different models, causing physical, social, and environmental changes, that may have diverse effects on biological communities. In this paper, we tested the effects of land sharing and land sparing urban sprawl models along a gradient of urbanization, composed by rural area, urban sprawl models and urban core, in southeastern Brazil. We specifically assessed the size of the urban green and gray spaces and bird taxonomic and functional diversity. We hypothesize that there are differences across this gradient in relation to (a) the amount of green and gray spaces; and (b) bird functional diversity. We also hypothesize that (c) the size of the green and gray spaces affects bird functional diversity, and (d) rural settlements harbor larger and smaller areas of green and gray spaces, respectively, leading to an increasein the taxonomic and functional diversity. We predict that the land-sparing urban model (a) will have larger areas of green spaces and (b) higher functional diversity of birds. In addition, (c) the size of green and gray urban spaces is positively and negatively related to the functional diversity of birds, respectively. We found differences along the gradient of urbanization concerning the functional diversity of birds. Furthermore, the sparing model proved to be more suitable. Green and gray spaces had positive and negative effects on functional diversity, respectively. Our findings have significant implications for urban plannings, aimed at the selection of urban sprawl models that balance urban development, and conservation of larger green spaces.
Analysis of the early evolution of the Twitter (X) social network in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Levens Watson , Sumpter David J. T , Mujuni Egbert , Amour Idrissa Said
Published: December 2023

In sub-Sahara African countries the proportion of the population using Twitter (now known as X) and other social media networks is growing. Understanding these networks allows us to understand changes in how people interact with each other, share information and carry out economic transactions. We hypothesise that the networks of sub-Sahara African Twitter networks have statistical properties consistent with being built on a principle of self-organisation: where decisions about who to connect to are less influenced by large commercial actors (as they might be in Europe, USA and other parts of the world) and are instead on the basis of local interactions between individuals. To test this hypothesis, we first collected data on the Twitter network of users in Tanzania. We found that the degree distribution followed a power-law with degree close to 2. We calculated path lengths, clustering, and assortativity of mixing for this network, as well as identifying the most influential users using eigenvector centrality. We then tested the degree to which these measurements were consistent with a variation of a friend-of-a-friend model of network attachments: where links are formed by individuals who join a network first identifying one individual at random (a friend) and attach to them and then choose nq people who the initial individual follows and attach to each of them with probability q. We found that for q = 1 and nq = 40 the model reproduces many aspects of the Tanzanian network, including the degree and clustering distribution. This model is not consistent with, for example, the USA or Japanese Twitter networks. Taken together, the model and its comparison to data from different real world network, supports the self-organisation hypothesis: a rule under which new members of the network connect to a random person and 40 people they follow reproduces many aspects of how the Tanzanian Twitter network has grown.
screening for fabry disease in patients on hemodialysis
Authors: batta gaurav
Published: December 2023

BackgroundFabry disease is an under-recognized X-linked lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of trihexosylceramides in multifarious tissues, leading to end-organ damage, including progressive renal failure. Antecedent screening studies worldwide have shown inconsistent prevalence in hemodialysis population. We conducted this study to screen for Fabry disease in patients undergoing dialysis at a tertiary care hospital.MethodsAll patients undergoing dialysis were screened with a gal assay using dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper using the fluorescence method. Patients with positive DBS test results were further tested for underlying mutations.ResultsA total of 112 patients (64.3% males, 35.7% females) on dialysis were screened. 19 patients (13 males, 6 females) were found to have low enzyme activity on DBS. Further mutation analysis confirmed that one female patient had Fabry disease. The mutation detected was a heterozygous missense variation in exon 7 of the GLA gene, which resulted in the amino acid substitution of histidine for arginine at codon 363 (p. Arg363His). Subsequent screening of the family members revealed that the son of the patient was asymptomatic and carried the same genotypic mutation. Genetic counselling was performed, and ERT was offered to both patients.ConclusionsFabry disease remains underdiagnosed, especially in high-risk populations such as those undergoing dialysis. DBS is a convenient and effective screening tool for Fabry disease. Facilities should be augmented for similar screening studies in the dialysis population.
Exploring the role of artificial intelligence and inclusive technologies during navigation-based tasks for individuals who are blind or who have low vision: Future directions and priorities.
Authors: Martiniello Natalina , Bleau Maxime , Gingras-Royer Nathalie , Tardif-Bernier Catherine , Nemargut Joseph Paul
Published: December 2023

Background
Mainstream smartphone applications are increasingly replacing the use of traditional visual aids (such as hand-held telescopes) to facilitate independent travel for individuals who are blind or who have low vision.
Objective
The goal of this study was to explore the navigation-based apps used by individuals who are blind or low vision, the factors influencing these decisions, and perceptions about gaps to address future needs.
Methods
An international online survey was conducted with 139 participants who self-identified as blind or low vision (78 women, 52 men) between the ages of 18 and 76.
Results
Findings indicate that the decision to use an app based on artificial intelligence versus live video assistance is related to whether the task is dynamic or static in nature. Younger participants and those who are congenitally blind are significantly more likely to employ apps during independent travel. Although a majority of participants rely on apps only during unfamiliar routes (60.91%), apps are shown to supplement rather than replace traditional tools such as the white cane and dog guide. Participants underscore the need for future apps to better assist with indoor navigation and to provide more precise information about points of interest.
Conclusions
These results provide vital insights for rehabilitation professionals who support the growing population of clients with acquired and age-related vision loss, by clarifying the factors to consider when selecting apps for navigation-based needs. As additional technology-based solutions are developed, it is essential that blind and low vision individuals, including rehabilitation professionals, are meaningfully included within design.