bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in ethnonym-based names of clothing items in Russian dialects: a cultural and sociolinguistic study
Authors: Marunevich Oksana , Kolmakova Valentina
Published: June 2021

Though modern linguistics pays great attention to the theory of nomination, in particular to the study of thematic groups, the dialectic names of clothing items are among the least commonly investigated types of words. Indeed, no one to the best of our knowledge has addressed the question of ethnonym and toponym-based names of clothes in a variety of Russian dialects. The aim of the present study is to broaden current knowledge of the given issue. The core problem of the given paper is the nominative models of the ethnonym and toponym-contained names of clothing items in Russian dialects and their analysis from cultural and sociolinguistic perspectives. Based on numerous examples, the authors single out the major nominative models of clothing vocabulary and come to the conclusion that word combinations are a striking feature of the Russian dialects since they more accurately specify the object.
Irony as a characteristic feature of journalists’ speech behaviour
Authors: Basenko Gyulnara , Baskakova Victoria , Sakharova Elena
Published: June 2021

This article deals with studying the characteristic features of ironic statements functioning in the speech behaviour of German journalists. The article identifies the strategic aspects of ironic statements in the communicative space of the German-language media discourse. The article reveals the phenomenon of irony from the point of view of the pragmalinguistic approach. The authors analyze the speech behaviour of German journalists according to the speech strategy “the formation of an ironic meaning in the statement”. The tactics by which this strategy is realized in the newspaper texts are discussed in detail. The study covers various newspaper genres and includes the analysis of examples with irony in the journalists’ articles which are particularly characterized by an ironic presentation. Based on the above, it is concluded that irony can be a characteristic feature of journalists’ speech behaviour.
The author's strategies of the communicative paradigm in the medieval romance
Authors: Demchenko Valentina , Lutsenko Natalia , Gaibaryan Olga , Khoroshevskaya Yulia
Published: June 2021

The research is devoted to the study of the actualization of meanings in a literary text. The study is based on the material of a medieval novel. The subject of the study was the corpus of texts of chivalric novels. In the aggregate, the study of (linguistic-rhetorical) works. The analysis was carried out from the position of studying the author's strategy of influencing the reader in order to have a certain attitude to the hero or plot of the work. The author's influencing strategy in novels is conceptually different from the strategies in works of other genres. The fact that in the works of different authors, united by one image of the main character, use similar elements of influence on the reader, which indicates a special perception of the image of the main character in the minds of people of the XII–XV centuries. This perception is formed both from the totality of literary techniques that pass from work to work, and at the level of linguistic means.
Modeling of an interactive distance learning platform by means of modern information technologies
Authors: Grober Tatiana , Grober Oleg
Published: June 2021

According to the requirements of the Ministry of Science and Education, teachers of various qualifications are required to regularly improve their professional skills. Using the distance learning platform allows you to automate the learning process, starting with the paperwork, ending with the final testing and obtaining a diploma. The problem is that during the course of training, you have to wait a long time for a response from a consultant on the subject or on the course support. The study of this problem was carried out on the basis of the existing database of the company "InfoTeacher". To determine the most promising courses, we used cluster data analysis using the R software environment. At the beginning, we calculated the optimal number of clusters according to the criterion of rocky scree, and then continued the cluster analysis using the k-means method. Thus, the main input parameters for building an interactive simulation model were identified. This model is a queuing system and was implemented in the GPSS World programming language. The parameters of the model were selected so that it was effective: to minimize the queues for consultation with the curator, while the curators should be loaded by at least 50%.
Information technologies and resources in the daily professional activities
Authors: Volkov Yuriy , Chikarova Galina
Published: June 2021

Based on applied sociological research results (data collection technique -in-depth interview), the main directions of using information technologies and resources by young teachers in a big Russian city are examined.

The article states that the digital transformation of the educational environment influences everyday work of young teachers.

The positive and negative instances of the digital transformation of the educational environment are highlighted. The studies have defined that the effective use of information technologies and resources is capable of minimizing some difficulties and risks faced by modern teachers in their daily professional activities. The studies have indicated new courses for the introduction of information technologies into the daily practice of the professional activity of young teachers. After conducting empirical verification of the influence of the digital transformation of the Russian society and the education system on the formation of the professional identity of young teachers in a big Russian city the authors have concluded that information technologies and resources are a constitutive factor in building professional identity of young teachers in a big Russian city.
Digital literacy of modern higher education teachers
Authors: Vaskov Maksim , Isakov Artur , Bilovus Vyacheslav , Bulavkin Alexander , Mikhaylenko Natalya
Published: June 2021

The expansion of digital technologies in all spheres of human life determines the digital transformation of education. This is due to the fact that the digital transformation of education brings the educational system itself in line with the requirements of the technological revolution and allows students to obtain relevant digital competencies in order to be qualified personnel for the economic sector. In connection with the digitalization of education and the active use of information technologies in the educational process, the requirements to the faculty of higher education are also changing. This became especially noticeable over the past year, when universities worked in a remote format. Therefore, the authors of the article turn to the issue of digital literacy of modern higher education teachers. Based on the structurally functional theory of T. Parsons, the modernist concept of E. Giddens and the theory of determination of human behavior by A. Maslow, it is shown what competencies a modern higher education teacher has in the context of the digital transformation of education. Based on the analysis, it should be noted that digital competencies include competencies related to information literacy, skills for interaction in an electronic environment; the ability to generate digital content; ensuring the safety of the physical and psychological health of users; the ability to identify and eliminate technical problems when working with digital devices. Digital literacy of teachers is the mastery of a set of the listed competencies. In general, the digital literacy index of university teachers is quite high, but unlike young people, teachers trust technological innovations to a lesser extent, which reduces their willingness to actively work with the digital educational environment. In our opinion, modern teachers need to transform their attitude to digitalization with the help of high-quality training in working with a digital educational environment.
Organization of remote work in the context of digitalization
Authors: Sheveleva Anna , Rogov Evgeny
Published: June 2021

The analysis of the remote work organization indicates the certain reserves in the field of professional activity, manifested in three groups of effects: individual-personal, social-psychological and organizational-managerial. Individual-personal effects are connected with the professional’s personality transformation under the influence of professional environment digitalization: a change in the emotional side of the activity, experiencing a lack of information about the colleagues’ work, feedback about their role in the overall result. As a result, there appears a fear of missing out; a decrease of analytical thinking and critical perception of professional situations; an increase of physical and psychological fatigue and emotional burnout. Social-psychological effects are due to the peculiarities of interaction in digital technologies conditions, which generates new and modernizes the existing social and cultural communication norms and network etiquette. At online conferences the ratio of visual and auditory components of nonverbal communication changes, the role of listening increases, and there is a greater focus on content in comparison with face-to-face communication. The differences in labor productivity at different communication modes are revealed. Informal interactions, the sense of professional and organizational involvement are reduced. The work-life balance is disturbed. Organizational and managerial effects of remote work are associated with the implementation of labor regulation, control and assessment, staff motivation, forms of employment, organizational membership and commitment, job satisfaction, trust in teams, the composition and structure of work teams, leadership, organization of workplaces and business communications. Many of the organizational factors are closely interconnected.
On the question of stress resistance of future teachers at the stage of training at the university
Authors: Nikolenko Oksana , Zheldochenko Lyudmila
Published: June 2021

The article presents an analysis of the phenomenon of stress and stress resistance in the scientific psychological and pedagogical literature. The problem of stress tolerance in the professional activity of a teacher-psychologist is considered. It is noted that the stress resistance of students in educational activities is a complex property of the individual, which is characterized by the necessary adaptation of the student to the influence of external and internal factors in the course of educational activities. The factors influencing the development of stress tolerance and a positive attitude to learning activities are considered. The article presents the results of an empirical study of stress resistance in future teachers-psychologists at the stage of training in higher education. The features of the perceptual assessment of students ’ stress resistance at the final stage of training are shown. It is established that graduates are able to clearly define the goals of their educational and professional activities and choose the best ways to achieve them. They are distinguished by the desire to cope with difficulties independently, the ability to analyze the difficulties encountered and overcome them, unlike first-year students. The study involved students of the 1st and 4th courses of the psychological and pedagogical direction, in the number of 128 people. The following methods were used: self-assessment of the stress resistance of S. Cowhen and G. Willianson, the questionnaire of the perceptual assessment of the type of stress resistance of N. P. Fetiskina, methods of mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained data: descriptive statistics, determination of the reliability of differences: the Fisher criterion. It is reliably established that graduates have a moderate type of stress resistance, and 1st-year students at the initial stage of training are characterized by moderate instability to stress.
Socio-psychological characteristics of students as subjects of communication, depending on their attitude to mediated interaction
Authors: Korochentseva Anna , Khachaturyan Nelli
Published: June 2021

The article examines the problem of the relationship between the social and psychological characteristics of students as subjects of communication and their propensity for indirect communication, spending a significant part of their personal time in social networks. A comparative analysis of the severity of difficulties in a real act of communication among students who prefer direct (real) and mediated communication is carried out. The reliability of the results obtained is confirmed by analyzing the average values of the studied group indicators, and using the methods of mathematical statistics (correlation analysis, Student’s t-test) and found a relationship between the propensity of students to communicate indirectly, the time spent communicating in social networks and the severity of difficulties in real interaction, caused by their specific socio-psychological characteristics as subjects of communication. The greatest difficulties in their views are associated with the influence on the emergence of difficulties in communication of such parameters as the intensity of communication, the number of partners, the presence of witnesses of communication, age, gender, status; suspicious, arrogant, disrespectful attitude during the conversation; social-perceptual and expressive-speech characteristics of partners; as well as the skills and abilities of the interlocutor regarding the organization of interaction. As the main conclusion, the researchers note that students who prefer real and mediated interaction have various psychological characteristics that characterize them as subjects of communication.
The main directions of education development in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Ulzytueva Alexandra , Vinogradova Nina , Ulzutueva Oyuna
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the urgent problem of the education system - the preschool education development in the context of digitalization. The solution of this problem is facilitated by the creation of an information and educational environment, as well as the use of information and communication tools in communication, construction, play and other types of productive creative child activity. The authors of the article presented in detail four directions of the preschool education development in the context of digitalization: the creation of an information and educational environment (IEE) that meets the requirements of the harmonious holistic development of preschool children; ICT software assuring electromagnetic safety; introduction of new information technologies; formation of information competence in subjects of educational relations; and also gave an example of the use of these directions in the preschool educational institution (PEI) and the developed methodological sequence in the implementation of program content. The use of telecommunications, Intranet and Internet networks, telephone communications, etc. for the exchange of information brings variety to the joint activities of children and teachers. The authors of the article note that for the preschool education development in the context of digitalization, it is necessary to create in PEI a regulatory and legal framework, psychological and pedagogical conditions, a material and technical base, electronic educational resources, a criterion-diagnostic base, as well as to organize work with children, parents and teachers.
Business communication style as a factor in the design of a digital employee in education
Authors: Ivaschenko Anton , Kolesnikova Ekaterina , Nikiforova Tatiana , Vasilieva Iulia
Published: June 2021

The problems of digital transformation as the main trend in the development of education and it’s connection with the educational ecosystem are discussed. The transformation of the role of the teacher in the university in connection with the digitalization of society is noted. The place of the digital employee as an element of the social component of the ecosystem is indicated. The approaches to the design of the image of a digital employee are characterized: from the point of view of the components of the educational environment, the students’ perceptions of the teacher as a partner in educational interactions and the peculiarities of business communication in joint activities. Style features take into account the integration of both external and internal human resources, and are formed by arbitrary selection from a set of potential components of the style. In the aspect of comfortable interaction, students’ ideas about a comfortable teacher are analyzed. The study involved students with different periods of study at the university. Dispersion analysis revealed differences in ideas about a comfortable teacher, both of an affirmative supervenience and non-adaptive, requiring additional attention in organizing the educational process. Correlation analysis revealed the connection between personality traits and the coefficient showing the divergence between one’s own style and the style of a comfortable teacher. The options for designing a digital teacher by distributing functions between a robot and a human are discussed. Recommendations are indicated that can be applied both for real university teachers and digital employees.
The actual questions of the realization of the personality-oriented educational paradigm in the context of digitalization
Authors: Kameneva Irina
Published: June 2021

In the context of digitalization, the existing educational paradigms are being transformed. Transformational processes are associated with the solution of essential problems at key nodes that are significant for the construction of the entire paradigmatic series. As such, the nodes in this study, the values, goals, and results of education, the content of education were considered, and the issues of implementation of the student-centered educational paradigm that was relevant for them in the context of digitalization were identified. The most important are the questions about the image of a person, which determines the direction of pedagogical efforts, about the place of eternal universal values rooted in human culture, among other value orientations of education, about the criteria for the selection of content and the representation in its structure of the personal experience of students and teachers, about didactically significant specifics of electronic media of content. The dialogue character of the educational content and interaction in the educational process, determined by the culture, is emphasized. A comparative analysis of knowledge-oriented, personality-oriented, and digital educational paradigms in the given key nodes has been carried out. The role of the teacher as a subject of a personality-oriented educational process, acting here in two guises: professional and personal, is noted. The problems and risks associated with the weakening of the personal approach in education are formulated.
Professional formation of the teachers under the conditions of digital transformation of higher education
Authors: Belovitskaya Svetlana , Guseva Tatyana , Shatokhina Irina , Shcherbina Elena , Kadom Mahdi Mohammed Al Hussini
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of using digital technologies for the professional formation of future primary school teachers. The authors note the relevance of this problem in connection with the digital transformation of higher education. It is emphasized that both Russian and foreign researchers define professional competence as the leading feature of professional development in the conditions of digitalization of education, reflecting all aspects of the professional activity of a teacher. In the article, the authors describe an effective way of using digital technologies for the professional formation of primary school teachers. Based on the content analysis of the regulatory database and scientific researches, it is noted that the study of this problem in the system of Russian higher pedagogical education is a separate direction under study linked both with the prospective development of education as a whole and risk factors. The article substantiates the need for professional formation of the future primary school teachers under the conditions of digitalization of the educational process and traditional forms of education. The authors have developed a model of professional formation of future primary school teachers under the conditions of digitalization of higher pedagogical education, and presented the components of digitalization of higher pedagogical education. This research is addressed to the teaching staff of higher educational institutions, and to future teachers.
University professor’s assessment in the conditions of digital transformation
Authors: Isaeva Tatiana , Kotliarenko Iuliia , Cherkasova Lyubov
Published: June 2021

Professional and personal competences of a university professor are considered not only as one of the theoretical directions of pedagogical research, but also as a factor in ensuring the quality of modern higher education. Despite the constant efforts of individual researchers and international organizations dealing with educational problems on a global scale, the composition of the unified system of professor’s competences has not been drawn up yet due to the differences in national, methodological and practical approaches. The task of assessing a university professor, determining the degree of effectiveness of his educational and research activities is no less urgent. In connection with the existing tendency in modern pedagogy to assess a professor by means of the identification of his competences, the article analyses the changes in the basic competences that occurred during the period of forced remote learning. As a result of using a number of theoretical and empirical research methods, the most popular tools and techniques for assessing the professor’s performance have been identified, the attitude of the professors to the use of these methods and the objectivity of experts has been demonstrated. The directions of modernization of methods, which can be used to assess the work of university professors on the basis of modern electronic technologies in the context of digitalization of education are outlined.
The application of reality simulators for improving the education quality at universities
Authors: Simonova Oksana , Barashyan Valentina , Gampartsumov Artem , Khlebnikova Maria
Published: June 2021

The article touches upon the problem of necessity to change pedagogical methods and technologies in high school education that are determined by the changes in modern society. The authors point out that the up-to-date society is deeply plunged into digital technologies and the reality is that methods being used in education cannot meet the requirements of the present. In this regard the authors speculate that application of digital technologies, namely laboratory facilities of virtual reality in training process of technical university students is able to improve the education quality. The goal of this research is to prove this theory. The authors give a thorough comparative analysis of academic literature that describes the existing virtual reality facilities which are widely used in higher educational establishments of transport abroad as well as in the Russian Federation. The typology of training facilities is given in the article, all advantages and drawbacks of digital technologies concerning the virtual reality on the example of reality simulators railway complexes have been described. With the help of statistic data processing methods that have been obtained by the experimental way the authors have proved that the application of reality simulators laboratory facilities can improve the quality of training at technical higher educational establishments.
Distance learning for students with hearing impairments in pandemic situation
Authors: Kokhan S.T. , Osmuk L.A. , Varinova O.A.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the problem of organizing distance learning for Deaf students in a pandemic situation. This problem is evaluated differently by experts, many of whom speak of a complete failure. However, the description of how two Siberian universities, which have a relatively large number of students with hearing impairments, organized a remote format, allows us to talk about the possibility of more or less successful practices. The article presents empirical studies of the Trans-Baikal State University and Novosibirsk State Technical University, on the basis of which the analysis is carried out, the opinions of students, teachers and interpreters of the Russian sign language are compared. The results of the study prove that the system of distance education of the Deaf more satisfied the requests of Deaf students where sign language interpreter worked, who simultaneously carried out control and support. During the study, organizational problems were discovered. Solving the identified problems will allow us to build a more successful model, which will make it possible to prevent risks and find effective remote technologies for teaching the Deaf.
Features of teaching students with motor skills disorder caused by hearing loss
Authors: Mamedova Elena , Skuratovskaya Marina , Grash Natalia
Published: June 2021

This study analyses various disorders of general motor skills, voluntary finger movement, and articulatory motor skills of school-aged children with hearing loss. The analyzed disorders of the motor sphere of schoolchildren with auditory deprivation are not of a pronounced character but are one of the reasons for their lag in psychophysiological and speech development. The results of studies that reveal specific motor difficulties of deaf primary schoolchildren are considered. The role of dysfunction of the vestibular system in movement disorders in children with hearing impairment has been determined. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the complex possibilities of correctional and developmental work of educational institutions for deaf children to overcome motor development disorders of deaf primary schoolchildren. The role of complex correctional and developmental work at the initial stage of school training in educational institutions for deaf children has been determined. The possibilities of using computer technologies as an effective resource in the motor and speech development of young schoolchildren with hearing impairment are shown.
Problems of legal education in contemporary Russia
Authors: Linkin Victor , Lusegenova Zinaida , Pulenko Galina
Published: June 2021

The authors set a goal to analyze the problems of contemporary legal education in Russia in the presented research. The necessity of legal education in interdisciplinary and cross-sector interaction with other humanities are identified, and only when these connections are established, it is possible to get into inter-scientific relations. The most extreme issues of the activities of law faculties in various types of educational institutions - in departmental and multidisciplinary institutions were considered, using the example of the influence of various approaches to training future employees of the judiciary. The influence of the educational institution affiliation on the educational process and the issues of deployment the teaching staff are considered, the differences in teaching practical skills in these types of educational institutions are also demonstrated. The authors identified two types of problems - internal and external. Internal - the problems of the educational institutions themselves, external - the problems of implementing the educational policy of the state. Unfortunately, the authors state the unwillingness of the teachers themselves to change because of the rapidly modifying social relations. The absence of a critical attitude, first of all to oneself, causes a false illusion of normality and acceptability. Resulting from the analysis of the entity of the problems, the necessity of initiating changes from the educational institutions and teachers is understood, and not from the state.
The implementation of inclusive education in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic under the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Mikhailenko Olga , Bashiyeva Zhansurat , Balkizova Fatimat , Nagoev Budimir
Published: June 2021

The article considers the use of informational technologies in the implementation of inclusive education. Based on legal acts, we substantiated the creation of special conditions for children with disabilities in the school educational environment. During the analysis of the reality of implementing inclusive education, the leading directions are identified; a cluster model for the development of inclusive education using information technologies is described. The main advantage of the social and academic direction of the implementation of inclusive education is the creation of conditions for maximum self-actualization and self-realization of children with disabilities. The study results indicate the need to prepare society and the educational environment for the quality improvement of life of children with disabilities.
Translation of economic terms and abbreviations for websites (from project-syndicate to inosmi.ru)
Authors: Moysova Olga , Marchenko Svetlana , Boyko Anna
Published: June 2021

The relevance of studying the methods and problems of translating terms, the equivalence of terms and abbreviations of economic orientation is a necessary condition for cross-language communication. Linguists are interested in studying the development of financial, economic, and managerial terminology of a peculiar language, plus studying the problems of their translation. A translation analyses is made to find peculiarities in terms interpretation on the internet. In English, as well as in Russian, the vocabulary is characterized by a variety of multicomponent terms. Most often, economic terms of the English language are derived phrases formed according to the morphological method, which present difficulties in translation and require various transformations.
Features of teaching a translator special vocabulary in the modern linguistic and economic situation
Authors: Ostrikova Galina , Kolesnikova Olesya
Published: June 2021

This article studies the problem of teaching translators in special vocabulary in the modern linguistic and economic situation. In our time, science is constantly developing. The rapid development of science and technology has revealed the need for training translators to pay close attention to the ability of future translators to work with terms and special vocabulary found in various fields of activity. The article also raises the question of what knowledge students should have before teaching them special vocabulary, that is, the predecessors of such special seminars should be such language disciplines as linguistics, lexicology of the German language, phonetics of the German language, etc. The research was carried out on the material of special dictionaries and scientific and technical texts, in which a large number of German and Russian term units were found. Consideration of terminological systems of subject areas of informatics and cybernetics seems to be especially relevant, since this group of terms is one of the most important parts of a complex terminology system in modern science. As a result of the study, the elements of the terminology system were combined into some thematic groups. Further, the ratio of terms and professionalisms, the shadows of their meaning, origin and use were considered.
A knowledge-oriented process: a paradigm shift to a competence-based approach to teaching at the institute
Authors: Kiseleva Maria , Seliverstova Оksana
Published: June 2021

This article presents the concept of a professional-based approach according to the standards of educational modules in creating teaching programs for professorial-teaching staff at Law institute in the system of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The approach is aimed at studying the module method in determining professional competences of higher education instructors at Law institute. Over years higher education staff has been considered as knowledge-oriented: a new teaching paradigm shift has predetermined a strategic necessity to improve reasonable and modern standards of the educational approach to setting basic professional competences of instructors and professors at Law institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The mechanism of a professional-competence methodology includes providing relevant components such as fundamental abilities of professorial-teaching staff which are based on the conceptualization of a set of cognitive categories, values and personal responsibility. The results of the research determine the constructive abilities remarkable for improving higher education instructors` proficiency in levels of pedagogical skills, professional intelligence and academic aptitude for the further teaching. The current survey includes the key findings followed by the aims of the research, methods used, and conclusion. The article is the primary endeavor to reflect the crucial directions in developing integral professional competences of professorial teaching staff at Law institute.
Systemic genre-and-style relations in the english-language student academic essay: paradigmatics, sintagmatics, epidigmatics
Authors: Nikolaev Sergei , Sukhomlinova Marina , Nikolaeva Svetlana
Published: June 2021

This work is focused on the problem of genre specificity within the English language academic discourse of today. The goal of the research is to reveal and analyze system relations regularly and steadily showing themselves within one definite genre of the student essay, their significance and role in the official university communicative space. The abovesaid relations can be found at both the structural level, i.e. in the special text arrangement of essays, and at the conceptual level of the genre. The basic investigation methods are: interpretation and classification of the material; linguistic observation and description; componential analysis of dictionary definitions; comparison and contrasting; linguistic, functional and stylistic, genre analysis of the text; context and discourse analysis; argumentative illustration tool. The practical value can be viewed as a possibility to apply the investigation results in teaching; e.g. during the courses of English, language culture studies, linguadidactics, cross-cultural pragmatics. The authors conclude that student essay text demonstrate closely interweaving paradigmatic, syntagmatic and epidigmatic links. Paradigmatics is represented by semantic and conceptual categories of systemity, integrity, cohesion and closeness. Discourse syntagmatic categories are characterized by linguosemantic consistency, linearity, remoteness, parallelism. Epidigmatic systemity can be traced as the availability of derivative words.
Organizational and technical aspect of quality management of food industry testing laboratories
Authors: Zaytseva Irina , Setrakova Tatyana
Published: June 2021

The present study describes the impact of three quality management principles on the organizational capacity of food industry testing laboratories. The study also intends to create a formalized representation of the effect of organizational and technical factors on the quality of services provided. Key words: management, quality management principles, organizational capacity of the company, corporate culture, testing laboratories.
Application of 3D bioprinting in the study of bacterial biofilms
Authors: Chapek Sergey , Golovin Sergey , Chikindas Michael , Ponomareva Svetlana , Rudoy Dmitry , Olshevskaya Anastasiya
Published: June 2021

The article presents an overview of the main methods of obtaining biofilms in vitro, used in research. The technology of 3D-bioprinting is described – a new method in the modeling of bacterial biofilms, which solves one of the main problems in the study of biofilms- the heterogeneity of biomass, and opens up new opportunities for the study of various aspects of biofilm formation.
Robotik in der Viszeralchirurgie
Authors: Thalheimer Andreas , Bueter Marco
Published: June 2021

Roboterassistierte Operationen wurden in den letzten Jahren insbesondere in der operativen Urologie genutzt. Inzwischen wird die Roboterassistenz auch zunehmend bei zahlreichen allgemein- und viszeralchirurgischen Operationen eingesetzt. Mithilfe des Roboters ist es möglich, laparoskopische Techniken auch dort anzuwenden, wo aufgrund anatomiebedingter technischer Beschränkungen minimalinvasive Techniken bisher nur begrenzt eingesetzt werden konnten.
Maintenance treatment in relapsed canine lymphoma after a short L-CHOP protocol
Authors: Troedson Karin , Ignatenko Nataliia , Fejos Csilla , Zablotski Yury , Hirschberger Johannes
Published: June 2021

Objective A number of different rescue protocols for relapsed canine multicentric large-cell lymphoma have been described. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of a maintenance treatment in dogs that experienced a second complete remission after a short L-CHOP-rescue protocol.

Material and methods Included in the study were dogs experiencing the first lymphoma relapse during a treatment-free period which were treated with a short L-CHOP protocol, achieved a complete remission and were afterwards treated with a continuous maintenance phase (MP) protocol. The L-CHOP protocol consisted of weekly treatments, with at least 3 additional treatments following complete remission. Thereafter the MP protocol with 2-week treatment intervals was conducted. It consisted of alternating oral home administration of different alkylating agents and one intravenously administered cytotoxic agent of a different mechanism of action. The dogs were presented either every 4 or 6 weeks for intravenous treatment and at this time a complete blood count was performed. The durations of the first remission, disease-free interval and overall survival time were evaluated.

Results A total of 20 dogs were included in the study. A median of 7 weekly applications were given before the treatment was switched to the MP protocol. During MP, 14 dogs were treated intravenously every 6 weeks and 6 dogs every 4 weeks. Haematological adverse events were mainly mild. During the L-CHOP-protocol, one septic event occurred, and 2 dogs were hospitalized due to gastrointestinal adverse events. No patient required hospitalization during the MP. Fifteen dogs completed at least one cycle in the MP and a median of 8.5 chemotherapeutic treatments were administered. The median disease-free interval was 264 days and the median overall survival time was 737 days.

Conclusion and clinical relevance The protocol was generally well tolerated. Since 5 patients showed disease progression during the first cycle of the MP, dogs should ideally be evaluated for minimal residual disease before being switched to the MP. The case number in the presented study was low and the treatment relatively heterogeneous. Therefore, more dogs have to be treated with the proposed protocol before general recommendations can be made.
Effects of Aging on Hemodynamic Kinetics in Different Intensities of Dynamic Exercise
Authors: Borghi-Ricardo Matheus , Simões Rodrigo Polaquini , Santos Daniel Augusto , Archiza Bruno , Borghi-Silva Audrey
Published: June 2021

Healthy aging hemodynamics is known to exhibit a time-dependent loss of function. We aimed at verifying whether older men would have a slowed cardiac output and stroke volume dynamics in response to the onset (“on”) and on recovery (“off”) of exercise in comparison to young men. Twenty healthy active men (10 young and 10 older) were recruited. Participants performed an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer, and on another day, 3 constant workload tests in different intensities. Compared to younger, older men exhibited a slower cardiac output and stroke volume dynamics in both on and off transients for all exercise intensities (all P < 0.05). During higher intensities, both younger and older men had slower hemodynamic kinetics compared to lower intensities (all P < 0.05). There was strong negative relationship between the time constant of cardiac output on-kinetics during high-intensity with maximal exercise performance in both groups (r = –0.88, P < 0.01). We interpret these findings to mean that healthy older men have slowed hemodynamic kinetics compared to younger, but this difference becomes less evident in higher intensities of exercise.
Exploring Nanoemulsions for Prostate Cancer Therapy
Authors: Srivastava Sushmita , Haider Md. Faheem , Ahmad Afroz , Ahmad Usama , Arif Muhammad , Ali Asad
Published: June 2021

Prostate carcinoma is typical cancer. It is the second most common cancer globally. The estimated new cases in 2020 was 191 930 and estimated deaths was 33 330. Age, family history, & genetic factors are major factors that drive prostate cancer. Although, for treating metastatic disease, the major therapies available are radiation,bisphosphonate, and palliative chemotherapy. But the major drawback is therapy is disease-driven and later becomes metastatic and requires treatment. The ability to revolutionize cancer treatment by major targeting vehicles via the exploration of nanoemulsion suggests a potential for cancer treatment. The unique property of a biphasic liquid dosage form called nanoemulsion to reach leaky tumor vasculature is due to its nano-meter oil-droplet size of 20–200 nm. Recent reporting on nanoemulsions disclose their embracing and lay alternative for re-purposing herbal and synthetic drugs and their combination especially for targeting prostate cancer formulating an obtainable nanomedicine. So, this article emphasizes the use of nanoemulsions incorporating therapeutic agents for successful and targeted delivery for prostate cancer.
Dolor sacroilíaco: Revisión actualizada del enfrentamiento diagnóstico
Authors: Blanco Enrique , Frías Sebastián , Álvarez Facundo , Fleiderman José
Published: June 2021

El dolor sacroilíaco es responsable de 15% a 30% de los cuadros de dolor lumbar bajo. El diagnóstico de esta patología es un desafío para el médico, debido a su compleja anatomía, el amplio diagnóstico diferencial, y las diversas etiologías que pueden provocar dolor en la articulación sacroilíaca. Una anamnesis ordenada y dirigida, asociada a un examen físico preciso, ayuda a orientar el diagnóstico. Las pruebas sacroiliacas específicas deben realizarse en aquellos pacientes con sospecha de dolor sacroilíaco, y deben interpretarse en conjunto y no de manera aislada. La resonancia magnética sirve para descartar otras causas de dolor lumbar bajo o diagnosticar casos de sacroileítis inflamatoria. La infiltración de la articulación es el gold standard para el diagnóstico, y debe realizarse en pacientes con alta sospecha de dolor sacroilíaco, por la anamnesis, examen físico, y tres o más pruebas sacroilíacas específicas positivas.
Pulp Stones: Diagnostic Significance in Early Diagnosis and Radiographic Correlation with Ischemic Heart Diseases
Authors: S. Nachiappan , Chandran Ajay , B. Swathika , S. Ganesan , A. Mahaprasad , Muddebihal Farahnaz , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: June 2021

Context and Aim Sufficient evidence exists in the literature which indicates that patients with ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) show higher degree of pulp calcifications. The present study was, therefore, planned to estimate the prevalence of pulp stones in patients diagnosed with/or undergoing treatment for IHDs.

Materials and Methods The present study, which consisted of 300 subjects within the age range of 25 to 65 years, was divided into two groups: study group comprising 150 patients (113 males and 37 females) and 150 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Pulp stones were imaged using bitewing radiographs and paralleling technique under standard conditions.

Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, USA), while independent t-test and Chi-square test were done to check the prevalence of pulp stones in the study and control groups, based on gender-, arch-, region- and side-wise distribution. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results The patients with IHDs exhibited 100% prevalence of pulp stones and the difference was found to be statistically significant, although there was a significant difference in the mean number of pulp stones observed in the study and control groups, with the study group revealing 2217 pulp stones as against 639 pulp stones observed in the control group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, maxillary arch and posterior teeth were predominantly affected in both the groups, although the difference was not found to be statistically significant.

Conclusions The findings of the present study suggested a positive correlation between pulp stones and IHDs, highlighting the significance of dental radiographic examination, which may have a possibility for an early detection of IHDs.
Shadows and rings of the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole surrounded by thin disk accretion
Authors: Li Guo-Ping , He Ke-Jian
Published: June 2021

In this paper, under the illumination of thin disk accretion, we have employed the ray-tracing method to carefully investigate shadows and rings of the Kehagias-Sfetsos(KS) black hole in deformed Hořava-Lifshitz(HL) gravity.
The results show that the event horizon r+, the radius r_p and impact parameter bp of photon sphere are all decreased with the increase of the HL parameter ω, but the effective potential increases. And, it also turns out that the trajectories of light rays emitted from the north pole direction are defined as the direct emission, lensing ring and photon ring of KS black hole, on the basis of orbits n = ϕ/2π.
As black hole surrounded by thin disk accretion, we show that the corresponding transfer functions have their values increased with the parameter ω. More importantly, we also find that the direct emissions always dominate the total observed intensity, while lensing rings as a thin ring make a very small contribution and photon ring as a extremely narrow ring make a negligible contribution, for all three toy-model functions. In view of this, the results finally imply that shadows and rings as the observational appearance of KS black hole exhibit some obvious interesting features, which might be regarded as an effective way to distinguish black holes in HL gravity from the Schwarzschild black hole.
On a Class of Singular Nonlinear Elliptic Problem
Authors: Zhu Yuanyuan
Published: June 2021

The singular nonlinear elliptic equation is discussed in this paper. The existentiality, unicity and regularity of positive liquid under all kinds of hypothetical situations are studied.