bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma Arquitetura para Sistemas de Saúde Eletrônicos que Suporta o Monitoramento de Pacientes e a Notificação de Cuidadores com base em Raciocínio Automático para evitar a Fadiga de Alarme
Authors: Fernandes Chrystinne O. , Lucena Carlos J. P.
Published: September 2020

Estimativas informam que 80% a 99% dos alarmes disparados em unidades hospitalares são falsos ou clinicamente insignificantes, não apresentando perigo real aos pacientes. Estes falsos alertas podem culminar em uma sobrecarga de alertas que leva um profissional da saúde a perder eventos importantes que podem ser prejudiciais aos pacientes ou até mesmo fatais. À medida que as unidades de saúde se tornam mais dependentes de dispositivos de monitoramento que acionam alarmes, o problema da fadiga de alarme deve ser tratado como uma das principais questões, a fim de prevenir a sobrecarga de alarme para os profissionais da saúde e aumentar a segurança do paciente. O principal objetivo desta tese é propor uma solução para o problema de fadiga de alarme usando um mecanismo de raciocínio automático para decidir como notificar os membros da equipe de saúde. Esta tese descreve: um modelo para suportar algoritmos de raciocínio que decidem como notificar os profissionais de saúde para evitar a fadiga de alarme; uma arquitetura para sistemas de saúde que suporta recursos de monitoramento, raciocínio e notificação de pacientes; e três algoritmos de raciocínio que decidem: (i) como notificar os profissionais de saúde decidindo quando agrupar um conjunto de alarmes; (ii) se deve ou não notificar os profissionais de saúde com uma indicação de probabilidade de falso alarme; (iii) quem é o melhor cuidador a ser notificado considerando um grupo de cuidadores.
Aplicação do Operador OWA nos Problemas da Otimização de Ângulo de Feixe e da Intensidade em IMRT
Authors: Cezario Sidemar F. , Goldbarg Elizabeth F. G. , Maia Sílvia M. D. M.
Published: September 2020

A radioterapia é um método extremamente importante no tratamento do câncer. O principal desafio é entregar pelo menos a dose prescrita para o tumor, enquanto evita expor os órgãos saudáveis à radiação além do permitido. Um dos principais modos de tratamento nesta área é a teleterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT). A principal dificuldade da IMRT consiste em automatizar a seleção de ângulos de feixes para uma melhor distribuição de dose. Nesta pesquisa é apresentado um algoritmo que busca o balanceamento ideal, entre um conjunto de ângulos e uma distribuição de dose que respeite as prescrições médicas inerentes ao tratamento. O algoritmo proposto utiliza dois novos modelos matemáticos e o operador Ordered Weighted Average (OWA) como critério de preferência na escolha da melhor solução.
Exploring mobile health applications for self-management of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bellei Ericles A. , Lisboa Hugo R. K. , De Marchi Ana Carolina
Published: September 2020

Na rotina de tratamento de Diabetes Mellitus (DM), o paciente precisa considerar diversos dados e fatores. Nessa perspectiva, esta dissertação apresenta um aplicativo para acompanhamento da interdependência entre os fatores de tratamento de DM Tipo 1 com uma abordagem de visualização de dados interativa. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de literatura para investigar as funcionalidades e as técnicas de fundamentação dos aplicativos existentes. Na sequência, um aplicativo foi prototipado, avaliado preliminarmente com 76 pacientes, e implementado junto de um painel de controle web. Por fim, foi conduzido um experimento piloto com 4 pacientes e uma avaliação de satisfação com 97 pacientes e 9 profissionais de saúde.
Configuração de hyper-parâmetros de modelos deep learning para auxílio no pós-diagnóstico de Tuberculose
Authors: Oliveira Thomás T. , Sampaio Vanderson , Endo Patricia T.
Published: September 2020

A Tuberculose (TB) é reconhecida como a doença mais mortal do mundo, segundo a World Health Organization (WHO), sendo umas das dez maiores causas de morte no mundo, além de ser a principal causa de morte de pessoas HIV-positivas. O Brasil é um dos países com alta carga de TB, e uma das maiores taxas de mortalidade do país encontra-se no estado do Amazonas. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar modelos de deep learning (DL) para auxiliar no pós-diagnóstico de TB, predizendo a gravidade da doença no paciente. Dois modelos de DL são propostos e a técnica de Grid-search é aplicada para definir as configurações com os melhores desempenhos. Os modelos de DL apresentam resultados interessantes, com uma configuração da DL totalmente conectada atingindo 83,4% de especificidade.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um agente conversacional para candidatos à doação de sangue
Authors: Roman Mateus K. , Bellei Ericles A. , Biduski Daiana , Araújo Cristiane S. R. , De Marchi Ana Carolina
Published: September 2020

A captação de doadores de sangue é um ato importante nos serviços de hemoterapia e hemocentros. Entretanto, o desconhecimento sobre o processo de doação ainda é uma barreira. Este estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de um agente conversacional na plataforma Google Assistente para responder perguntas e explicar o processo de doação a potenciais doadores. Foi conduzida uma avaliação de experiência do usuário com 50 participantes que interagiram com o agente. Os resultados revelaram níveis positivos para a experiência de uso, sugerindo o potencial do agente conversacional como um ferramenta de disseminação de informação.
Detecção e Segmentação Automática de Estruturas em Imagens de Exames Oftalmológicos
Authors: Sampaio Filipe A. , Veras Rodrigo M. S.
Published: September 2020

Este artigo propõe um método semiautomático para segmentar lesões em imagens da córnea, visando auxiliar os especialistas no monitoramento da evolução da lesão. Tais lesões podem ser categorizadas como patologias que afetam a estrutura ocular na forma de ulceração, infecção, erosão ou algum outro tipo de trauma. Assim, o método proposto utiliza regiões marcadas pelo especialista para treinar o classificador Random Forest e o agrupador semisupervisionado Seed Fuzzy C-means. Na extração de atributos, foi realizado agrupamentos de pixels com textura similar, chamado superpixel. Assim, foi obtido bons resultados com as métricas sensibilidade: 99,48% e similaridade Dice: 80,03%. Por fim, concluimos que os resultados mostraram que o classificador Random Forest obteve um melhor desempenho.
Segmentação de Núcleos em Imagens Histológicas Renais
Authors: Batista Rodrigo E. C. , Veras Rodrigo M. S.
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho propõe uma ferramenta de diagnóstico auxiliado por computador voltado às patologias relacionadas ao rim. O sistema proposto realiza a segmentação de núcleos celulares em imagens de biópsias renais, servindo ao diagnóstico de diversas patologias associadas. Os testes foram realizados em 122 imagens tratadas com os corantes Hematoxilina-Eosina (H&E) e Ácido Periódico de Schiff (PAS), amostradas de duas bases de dados. O método incluiu operações de deconvolução de cor, morfológicas e limiarização. Uma amostra das imagens segmentadas foi avaliada por um especialista, que considerou 73% das segmentações como boas ou regulares.
Using Clay-Gravel Mixtures as the Impervious Core Materials in Rockfill Dams
Authors: Fu Zhongzhi , Chen Shengshui , Ji Enyue , Li Guoying , Lu Yang
Published: September 2020

Constructing the impervious system of an Earth Core Rockfill Dam (ECRD) usually needs a large volume of clay that may exhaust a huge area of farmland. One way to reduce the volume of clay to be filled is to use natural clay-gravel mixtures (CGM) or to add an appropriate percent of gravel materials into the clay and use the artificial clay-gravel mixtures as the impervious core materials. Using clay-gravel mixtures can also effectively increase the modulus of the core and reduce the differential settlement between the core and its adjacent rockfill shoulders, and thus alleviate the risk of occurrence of potential cracks within the core wall. The impermeability behavior of the compacted clay-gravel mixtures, however, has to be careful investigated and verified. In this chapter, four cases in using clay-gravel mixtures in constructing high ECRDs in China are reviewed, with attention focused on the engineering properties of clay-gravel mixtures and the construction and field quality control aspects of ECRDs using clay-gravel mixtures.
Perceptions of Women toward Non-Pharmacological Methods for Pain Relief during Labor
Authors: Ermias Geltore Teketel , Tadesse Angelo Abiy
Published: September 2020

The experience of childbirth is subjective and has multidimensional components through which every woman passes in different ways. It is one of the most beautiful episodes in mother’s life, related to happiness and celebration. However, childbirth is also associated with negative emotions such as anxiety, low sense of safety, and expectation of pain. Strong and persistent pain that is associated with labor may negatively affect both mother and fetus. During labor, a woman is dealing not only with the contractions but also with the belief that the culture has made for her. Although childbirth is viewed as a normal physiological process, it can produce significant pain that requires effective pain management. The non-pharmacological approach includes a wide variety of methods to address labor pain, which prevent suffering by enhancing the psychological and spiritual components. The non-pharmacological methods of labor pain relief require patient’s preparation and antenatal education. The non-pharmacological methods that used to relief labor pain are massage, acupuncture, continuous support, positioning, breathing techniques, water immersion, music therapy, and biofeedback are some of the techniques used to achieve an effective coping level for women. The aim of this chapter is to explore women’s perception toward non-pharmacological methods during labor.
Videolaryngoscopy, the Current Role in Airway Management
Authors: Goranović Tatjana
Published: September 2020

Videolaryngoscopy has emerged not only as an alternative to direct laryngoscopy for airway intubation in adults and children but also as a new diagnostic and therapeutic tool in head and neck surgery. Videolaryngoscopy has a great advantage over direct laryngoscopy because it has been proven to reduce difficult views of the laryngeal opening (glottis). The success of intubation with a videolaryngoscope depends on both the type of device used and the experience of the operator. Technical details, such as the device’s size and blade choice, properly reshaping the endotracheal tube, and customized hand-eye coordination, are all particularly important for targeting the endotracheal tube toward the glottis. Besides its clinical role in airway management, videolaryngoscopy is an excellent tool for education and medicolegal recording.
Analytical, Bioanalytical, Stability-Indicating Methods: Key Part of Regulatory Submissions
Authors: Mukund Deshpande Mahesh
Published: September 2020

According to the International Conference for Harmonization (ICH), the validation and verification data must be included in the Electronic Common Technical Document. The validated analytical procedure gets automatically Food and drug approved (FDA) if it is part of New drug application (NDA), Abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) or Biologic license application (BLA). The analytical, bioanalytical and stability-indicating methods are essential part of all above said regulatory submissions. There are certain ways to generate these analytical methods like U.S. pharmacopeia/National Formulary which are Food and drug approved. The validated analytical method can also be submitted by any researcher or agency which can gets the food and drug approval. It is necessary that the methods which are Food and drug approved can only be applied to the various drugs and drugs products. In the current chapter, the meaning and requirements of analytical methods, procedures, acceptance criteria and evaluation of stability indicating methods, need, recommendations for bioanalytical methods are discussed in detail. The analytical techniques like HPTLC, HPLC, Spectrophotometry and Hyphenated techniques are also discussed as these are playing important role in validation of these methods.
Nanocosmetics: Production, Characterization, and Performance Improvement
Authors: Scherer Santos Júlia
Published: September 2020

Nanocosmetics are personal care products containing nanocarriers or nanoparticles. Nanocarriers have been used in sunscreens, moisturizers, perfumes, and anti-aging and hair products. These carriers increase formulation efficacy and promote controlled release of active ingredients. Polymeric nanocarriers or lipid nanocarriers containing sunscreens have enhanced ultraviolet protection. In addition, these nanocarriers protect unstable ingredients from degrading ultraviolet radiations. Furthermore, nanocarriers also impart moisturizing effect due to their reduced particle size. This chapter describes issues related to nanocarrier-based cosmetics production, characterization, and biological evaluation.
Civil–Military Coordination
Authors: Bollettino Vincenzo , Anders Birthe
Published: September 2020

In most of today’s crises, humanitarian organisations operate in the same environment as a range of military and non-state armed actors. The effective engagement between militaries and humanitarian aid agencies can be beneficial for the timely delivery of aid and is also often unavoidable when trying to gain access to areas controlled by military or non-state armed actors. However, such engagement also comes with risks. Previous literature on the subject has described some of the benefits and potential risks of different types of engagement between military and humanitarian actors. To date, however, quantifiable data on how civil–military engagement unfolds and which factors influence the effectiveness of coordination is lacking. This paper proposes an indicator framework for measuring the effectiveness of civil–military coordination in humanitarian response. It provides nineteen descriptive level and twenty perception and effectiveness indicators that may be used at any stage of a response to a humanitarian emergency, from mission planning and assessment through the various stages of a response and post-response assessment. The full set of questions, or a more targeted subset of these questions, may also be used as periodic polls to actively monitor developments in theatre.
Confronting Humanitarian Insecurity
Authors: Brooks Julia , Grace Rob
Published: September 2020

Violence against aid workers seeking to bring assistance and protection to vulnerable people amid ongoing armed conflicts, disasters or other crises has fuelled growing concern over how to protect the humanitarian mission. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 118 practitioners involved in humanitarian operations and security management, this article considers three under-analysed prongs of grappling with humanitarian insecurity. The first three sections, in turn, examine the pursuit of accountability at both the domestic and international levels, public advocacy efforts and confidential negotiation. The fourth section links the article’s assessment of these three modes of responding to humanitarian insecurity to the broader discourse on security management in the humanitarian sector. Specifically, this section revisits and reimagines the security triangle, a framework that has played an influential role in shaping discourse on security management in humanitarian operations. The final section offers concluding remarks.
The Impact of Sanctions against North Korea on Humanitarian Aid
Authors: Zadeh-Cummings Nazanin , Harris Lauren
Published: September 2020

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea) has been a recipient of international humanitarian aid from international organisations (IOs) and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) since 1995. In recent years, multilateral and unilateral sanctions in response to the DPRK’s nuclear programme have created a new layer of difficulty for humanitarians looking to engage with the authoritarian state. This paper explores how sanctions are affecting humanitarian work in practice, utilising interviews with practitioners. The research first surveys documentation, particularly from IOs, to establish how humanitarians understand contemporary need inside the country. Next, this paper examines the impacts of sanctions on aid efforts, with a particular focus on multilateral United Nations Security Council (UNSC) sanctions and unilateral American measures. Unpacking humanitarian challenges and potential ways to navigate the sanctions regime provides a foundation for academics and humanitarian practitioners to better understand both the DPRK and possible avenues for principled, effective aid.
The Appeal of Civil Disobedience in the Central Mediterranean
Authors: Neumann Klaus
Published: September 2020

The European responses to irregularised migrants in the second decade of the twenty-first century have been qualitatively new not so much because of the often-celebrated cultures of hospitality in countries such as Germany and Sweden, but because of acts of solidarity that have challenged the prerogative of nation-states to control access to their territory. I discuss elements of the public response in Germany to the criminalisation of one such act, the search and rescue (SAR) operation of the Sea-Watch 3 in the Central Mediterranean in June 2019, which led to the arrest of the ship’s captain, Carola Rackete, by Italian authorities. I argue that while the response to Rackete’s arrest was unprecedented, it built upon a year-long campaign in support of private SAR missions in the Mediterranean, which drew on the discourse of rights and was therefore not reliant on a short-term outpouring of compassion. Rackete’s supporters have also been energised by alternative visions of Europe, and by the vitriol reserved for her by followers of the populist far right.
A Researcher’s View on the Proposal of Legal Regulations Regarding Major Accident Hazard Assessment in the Land Use Planning Process in Poland
Authors: Markiewicz Maria T.
Published: September 2020

This paper aims at reviewing the core Polish regulations on land‑use plan­ning (LUP) around hazardous plants and presenting a researcher’s view on the proposal of a ministerial ordinance on safety distance determination from the plants creating a major accident hazard (Seveso establishments). Currently there are no legal regulations concerning the method of safety distance deter­mination from Seveso establishments in Poland. The method of generic‑dis­tances recommended in the Polish guidelines from 2007 is not mandatory. The author stands by her opinion expressed for the first time in 2015 that Polish legal regulations on safety distance determination from Seveso establishments formulated as a ministerial ordinance are indisputably needed. If the ordinance is issued, it will contribute to a more complete implementation of the Direc­tive 2012/18/EU and will allow nationwide unification of the method of safety distance determination. The consequence‑based approach seems a reasonable option in Polish conditions. This researcher suggests an extension of the draft of the ordinance by introducing a reference tool for the mathematical mod­elling of accident consequences. It is also worth considering the introduction of legal norms for the description of areas designed in the spatial planning documents for the location of Seveso establishments.
Semantic and Syntactic Interoperability Issues in the Context of SDI
Authors: Chojka Agnieszka
Published: September 2020

Interoperability is one of the core concepts of Spatial Data Infrastructure due to the fact that exchange and access to spatial data is the foremost aim of any SDI. These issues are closely related to the concept of application schema that plays a significant role in interchanging spatial data and information across SDI. It is the basis of a successful data interchange between two systems as it defines the possible content and structure of data, thus it covers both semantic and syntactic interoperability. These matters also appear in a couple of questions concerning SDI including, among others, a model‑driven approach and data specifications.

Spatial data exchange through SDI involves UML and GML application sche­mas that comprise semantic and syntactic interoperability respectively. How­ever, working out accurate and correct application schemas may be a challenge. Moreover, their faultiness or complexity may influence the ability to valid data interchange.

The principal subject of this paper is to present the concept of interoperability in SDI, especially semantic and syntactic, as well as to discuss the role of UML and GML application schemas during the interoperable exchange of spatial data over SDI. Considerations were conducted focusing on the European SDI and the National SDI in Poland.
Entering Parcel Boundaries into the Polish Register of Land and Buildings – an Analysis of the Current State and Proposed Changes
Authors: Maślanka Józef
Published: September 2020

The Polish register of land and buildings (EGiB), also known as the real estate cadastre, is of both a technical and declarative nature, which means that the data resulting from special technical, formal and legal procedures should be precisely entered into the EGiB database and then made available to users without distortions or deficiencies. The subject of this research paper is the analysis of formal, legal and technical problems that occur in the process of entering data on the boundaries of cadastral parcels into EGiB. Based on the legal provisions, subject literature, as well as real cases derived from surveying practice, the author performs a descriptive formal and comparative analysis of current legal and technical solutions used to enter boundaries of cadastral parcels into the EGiB database. As a result of these analyses, the author has concluded that the existing legal solutions allow neither full and precise entering of parcel boundaries nor providing users with correct data resulting from the performed surveys and legal works. Defects, difficulties and barriers faced when entering boundary data into the register can lead to the distortion of the relevant information, and thus to the decreased reliability of EGiB. The author’s proposal is to introduce into the application schema the concept of the boundary segment, together with appropriate attributes defining the structure of the cadastral database. This would allow the elimination of many existing problems and provide EGiB users with reliable and complete information.
Confidence intervals for the common coefficient of variation of rainfall in Thailand
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: September 2020

The log-normal distribution is often used to analyze environmental data like daily rainfall amounts. The rainfall is of interest in Thailand because high variable climates can lead to periodic water stress and scarcity. The mean, standard deviation or coefficient of variation of the rainfall in the area is usually estimated. The climate moisture index is the ratio of plant water demand to precipitation. The climate moisture index should use the coefficient of variation instead of the standard deviation for comparison between areas with widely different means. The larger coefficient of variation indicates greater dispersion, whereas the lower coefficient of variation indicates the lower risk. The common coefficient of variation, is the weighted coefficients of variation based on k areas, presents the average daily rainfall. Therefore, the common coefficient of variation is used to describe overall water problems of k areas. In this paper, we propose four novel approaches for the confidence interval estimation of the common coefficient of variation of log-normal distributions based on the fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI), method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), computational, and Bayesian approaches. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the coverage probabilities and average lengths of the confidence intervals. In terms of coverage probability, the results show that the FGCI approach provided the best confidence interval estimates for most cases except for when the sample case was equal to six populations (k = 6) and the sample sizes were small (nI < 50), for which the MOVER confidence interval estimates were the best. The efficacies of the proposed approaches are illustrated with example using real-life daily rainfall datasets from regions of Thailand.
Dossier: El cuerpo repartido: género, dolor y errancias Género y dolor
Authors:   Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Eltit Diamela
Published: September 2020

No presenta resumen
Assessment of the Methods Employed in the Valuation of Intellectual Property in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Eburu Olaoluwaniyi Ebenezer , Bello Victoria Amietsenwu
Published: September 2020

The study investigated the methods employed in the valuation of IP in Lagos State, Nigeria; examined the relationship between method of intellectual valuation and academic qualification of estate surveyors and valuers. We adopted a quantitative survey and questionnaire as instrument for gathering relevant data from stakeholders in the study area. The findings revealed that the traditional method; cost method (M = 1.99, SD = 0.108; market method (M = 1.96, SD = 0.186) and income method (M = 1.86, SD = 0.350) are the most commonly used methods for valuing IP in the study area. The result also shows a significant relationship between traditional methods of IP valuation and academic qualification of estate surveyors and valuers; cost method ( = 1.377, p = 0.013), market method ( =1.367, p = 0.033), income method (  = 15.073, p = 0.002), profit/account method (  = 13.467, p = 0.004) and discounted cash flow (  = 1.595, p = 0.024). The study thereby conclude that estate professionals are more aware and conversant with the traditional method than the advanced method of valuation. Therefore, estate professionals will need to ensure clear understanding of the various methods of valuing intellectual property and their application.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Root Extract of Panicum maximum
Authors: Udobang John A. , Okokon Jude E. , Obot Daniel N. , Edem Utibe A.
Published: September 2020

Background: Panicum maximum root is used routinely to treat ailments such as malaria, fever, pains and inflammatory diseases by traditional medicine practitioners.

Aim: The study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of P. maximum root so as to validate its uses by practitioners of traditional medicine.

Methodology: The root of P. maximum (dried powdered material) was extracted in ethanol using cold maceration technique. The root crude extract (137 –547 mg/kg) of P. maximum was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models; carrageenan, egg albumin and xylene - induced edema models.

Results: The root extract of P. maximum caused significant (p<0.05 – 0.001) reduction of inflammation induced by the phlogistic agents in a dose-dependent fashion. The recorded anti-inflammatory effects were comparable to those initiated by 100 mg/kg acetyl salicylic acid (ASA, standard drug) used in some of the models here. The anti-inflammatory effect of this plant may be attributed to the phytochemical constituents of the plant.

Conclusion: The findings from this research confirm the ethnomedical use of Panicum maximum root in treating inflammatory conditions.
Assessment of the Exposure Risk to Mycotoxins from Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) in Triple Bags with Aromatic Plants Leaves (Lippia multiflora and Hyptis suaveolens) in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Gaël Yao Vanessa , Biego G. Henri Marius , Constant Konan K. , Adama Coulibaly , Daouda Sidibe
Published: September 2020

In Côte d’Ivoire, maize is second cereal most cultivated and consumed after rice. In bad storage conditions, corn may be contaminated by mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, total aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fuminosin B1, zearalenone). The aim of this study was to assess the exposure risk of these mycotoxins for maize stored in triple bags in presence of aromatic plants leaves (Lippia multiflora and Hyptis suaveolens). The contents of water activity, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), total aflatoxins (AFT), ochratoxin A (OTA), fuminosin B1 (FB1) and zearalenone (ZEA) were studied and monitored. The levels of AFB1, AFT, OTA, FB1 and ZEA resulted from maize grains treated with plants leaves were significantly lower than those recorded with untreated maize of control bags. The estimated daily intakes in AFB1, AFT, OTA, FB1 and ZEA, deriving with consumption of maize from experimental batches stored for 18 months are respectively 1.69 ± 0.00 - 2.09 ± 0.01 ng/kg bw/day, 8.66 – 10.91 ng/kg bw/day, 1.86 ± 0.01 - 2.47 ± 0.01 ng/kg bw/day, 2.01 ± 0.05 - 3.01± 0.05 ng/kg bw/day and 1.89 ± 0.12 - 3.56 ± 0.04 ng/kg bw/day. These levels are lower than the estimated intakes from maximal reference value (EDILM) for OTA, FB1 and ZEA. For aflatoxin B1 and total aflatoxins, the estimated daily intakes are lower than the estimated intakes from maximal reference value (EDILM) during, respectively, 15 storage months and 10 storage months. However, after 18 storage months, exposure risk of aflatoxin B1 is higher than the estimated intakes from maximal reference value. This inexpensive and easy-to-use treatment should be popularized among farmers
Concerns and Trends in the Ecological House Design and Arrangement from Film to Reality
Authors: Cioruța Bogdan-Vasile , Coman Mirela
Published: September 2020

Following the technical and social norms in force, a dwelling is defined as a construction intended to house one or more persons. It is considered a dwelling, the construction consisting of one or more living rooms, with the related outbuildings, the necessary endowments, and utilities that form a common body with the construction, the residential destination and that satisfies the living requirements of a person or family. To successfully design and decorate a house, we need a vision - an image in the mind's eye of the happiest place imaginable. By adding things that make our home as relaxing as possible and removing everything that causes stress, we can explore and develop our ideas. This is how, most of the time, and especially lately, the trend in terms of designing and arranging the house is left within reach of the online environment, especially at the disposal of cinema. The latter has in many cases come to provide new information on the design of housing, but mainly to guide and dictate the arrangement of living space. Through this paper we set out to highlight a small part of the examples of houses inspired by films or TV shows (16 in total), regardless of their nature, just to mark a particularly important step on the stage of modern architecture - that of the involvement of film art. Even if it is impossible, at this moment, to try to represent the actual number or percentage of houses made after movies or TV shows, the results of this study confirmed that cinema has a role in the living space architecture, progress itself is related to the vision of the most important directors of the modern world.
Integrated Performance of Fenton Process and Filtration (Activated Charcoal and Sand) for Textile Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Hossain Md. Sabbir , Sarker Protima , Rahaman Md. Shiblur , Uddin Md. Khabir
Published: September 2020

Textile effluents contain complex characteristics with different physicochemical parameters and colorful dye. It is difficult to remove all types of pollutant using a specific treatment process. In this study adsorption filtration alone then Fenton process with sand-gravel mixed filtration and activated charcoal filtration was applied. Fenton process is very effective process for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Dissolve Organic Carbon (DOC) removal. And Activated carbon is a suitable adsorbent for dye removal. Physicochemical parameters like, COD, DOC, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), Dissolve Oxygen (DO), Electric conductivity (EC), and pH was measured before and after the treatment process. After filtration by adsorbent filter all the parameter reduced than raw effluent but when Fenton process with sand filtration and activated charcoal filtration was applied all the parameter drastically changed than before. DO level was increased after only adsorption filtration process, Fenton and normal sand filtration process, Fenton, and adsorbent filtration process as 1.8 mg/l< 5 mg/l < 6.19 mg/l < 6 mg/l, respectively. Maximum level of EC (61.33%), TDS (82.75%), BOD (92%), COD (80%), DOC (97.57%), and color (78.57%) was decrease after using Fenton process with Activated carbon filtration process than other treatment process, which was within Bangladesh standard value. This result represents the advantage of using Fenton process with adsorption filtration to treat textile effluent. Moreover, this process is easily operating, practical and environment friendly for using in industrial scale.
Phenological Characterization of Physalis peruviana L. Growth in a Greenhouse in the Northern Region of Espírito Santo State
Authors: Pelegrine Hugo Rebonato , Oliveira Jeniffer Ribeiro de , Santos Mayara Nascimento , Altoé Jalille Amim , Amourim Mariana Alexandre Alves , Oliveira Vinícius de Souza , Salomão Bruna Alves
Published: September 2020

Plant phenology is determined by phases that mark the appearance or disappearance of vegetative and reproductive organs, such as the appearance of plants, the appearance of buds, flowers and fruits. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the phenological behavior of Physalis peruviana L. grown in a greenhouse in the city of São Mateus - ES, verifying whether its production is feasible under the conditions presented. The experimental design used was completely randomized, totaling 34 plants, with treatments consisting of days after transplanting. The plant's conduction system was single-stemmed. The spacing used between the plants was triangular (0.55m x 0.55m x 1m). For the observation of phenophases, it was considered when 30% of the plants were in the following stages: Stage 1 - True Leaves; Phase 2 - Flower buds; Step 3 - Open flowers; Step 4 - Immature fruits; and Step 5 - Ripe fruits. At the end of the experiment, the following evaluations were performed: number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, number of flower buds, number of flowers and number of fruits per plant. The averages were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The results showed that it is possible to produce Physalis peruviana L. under the conditions defined in a greenhouse in the region of São Mateus-ES, the crop showed good development in the vegetative, flowering and fruiting phases, starting the harvest 60 days after transplant.
Evaluation of Leaf Extract of Pawpaw (Carica papaya (L.)) in the Control of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in Garden Egg (Solanum melongena (L.))
Authors: Umar I. , Aji M. B. , Haruna A.
Published: September 2020

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica is one of the most important soil borne pathogen affecting Garden eggplant in Nigeria. The study was conducted in the Screen house of Department of Crop Protection, Modibbo Adama University of Technology in 2013 to evaluate the effect of (Pawpaw) Carica papaya leaf powder for the control of root-knot nematode M. javanica on Garden egg. The experiment consisted of five treatments replicated three times in a Completely Randomized Design in the screen house. C. papaya powder at different levels 50 g, 40 g, 30 g, 20 g and control which received no treatment were incorporated into fifteen  (15) separate pots of 20cm diameter containing 4 kg sterilized soil. Data collected on plant height (cm), number of leaves, fresh shoot weight (g), fresh root weight, dry root weight (g), gall index and final nematode population. The result indicated that Garden eggplant amended with 50 g C. papaya recorded higher growth parameters, plant height (33.75 cm), number of leaves (29.00), fresh shoot weight (145.40 g), gall index (1.33) and the least final nematode population (160.50), whereas the control recorded the least growth parameters, plant height (10.20cm), number of leaves (9.33), fresh shoot weight (9.76 g) and highest gall index (5.0) and final nematode population (1063.87). It can then concluded that Carica papaya powder when used as an amendment was effective in controlling M. javanica in garden egg under screenhouse and has the potential for use as a nematicide in the future. This study recommends that C. papaya leaf powder should be put to field trials to ascertain its efficacy in controlling M. javanica on garden egg.
Antibacterial and Phytochemical Properties of Crude Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam., Pterocarpus santalinoides L’Herit DC and Ceiba pentandra L. on Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates in Nigeria
Authors: Njokuocha Reginald C. , Ewenike Anthonia E.
Published: September 2020

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of fresh leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam., Pterocarpus santalinoides L’Herit DC and Ceiba pentandra L. on bacterial isolates; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methodology: The plant leaves were dried, pulverized and phytochemical tests were done according to standard laboratory procedure. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were obtained from 20 g of the of the ground leaves. Antibacterial assay was carried out with Disc diffusion method on seven concentrations of the extracts ;100,50,25,12.5, 6.25,3.125,1.5625 mg/ml and compared with standard antibiotics. Isolated bacterial pathogens; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.0 x 105 cfu /ml) were used as test organisms.

Results: Alkaloids, steroidal aglycones, glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, reducing sugars, tannins, saponins, vitamins A and E were present in all the plant samples. Flavonoids and cardiac glycosides were not detected in Pterocarpus santalinoides and Ceiba pentandra, respectively. Anthracene glycoside was absent in all samples. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera showed antibacterial activities against all the bacterial isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.125 mg/ml and 1.5625 mg/ml respectively. Pterocarpus santalinoides showed inhibitory activity only on Salmonella typhi at 3.125 mg/ml and Escherichia coli 1.5625 mg/ml MIC. Ceiba pentandra showed spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the bacterial isolates at 1.56 mg/ml MIC with exception of Salmonella typhi. E. coli was the most susceptible to the leaf extracts. Salmonella typhi was not sensitive to the leaf extracts of Ceiba pentandra, while Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not sensitive to the leaf extracts of Pterocarpus santalinoides.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that both aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts had antibacterial activity against the test organism, thus justifying their use in folklore medicine.
The Effect of Single or Multiple Doses of Grapefruit Juice on the Analgesic Effect of Ibuprofen in Mice
Authors: Za'abi Mohammed Al , Sawaqi Amjad Al , Alawi Khalid Ali Al , Tobi Mohammed Al , Ashique Mohammed , Ali Badreldin H.
Published: September 2020

Grapefruit juice (GFJ) is a rich source of nutritional compounds but has been shown to alter the concentrations of several clinically useful drugs. Ibuprofen is a commonly used over-the counter-drug.

Aim: This study aims to examine the effect of a single or multiple dose of GFJ on the analgesic effect of ibuprofen.

Methodology: CD1 male mice were randomly distributed into four equal groups (n=9, each). The first group served as a control, the second group was given ibuprofen (100 mg/Kg) by oral gavage, the third group was given a single dose of GFJ (10 mg/Kg) by oral gavage followed by ibuprofen, and the fourth group was given a single dose of GFJ for five days and on the fifth day was given ibuprofen. The analgesic effect was tested using two methods with different mechanisms: thermal (hot plate) and chemical (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction) pharmacologic stimuli models.

Results: Both GFJ dosing regimen significantly increased the duration of abdominal constriction test when compared with ibuprofen group and did not exert any significant effect on the hot plate effect. This suggest that GFJ may affect the peripherally modulated analgesic effect of ibuprofen. Conclusion: The observed effect of GFJ on ibuprofen analgesic effect warrants further studies on their impact and clinical significance on humans.
Comparative Evaluation of Porcelain Fused to Metal (PFM) Material used for Fixed Partial Prosthesis Placed on Vital & Non-vital Abutments on the Periodontal Status – A Two Year Retrospective Follow-up
Authors: Shetty Shreya , Shetty Karunakar , Wali Othman , Tayeb Raghad , Abdou Jumana , Sheikh Khamrunissa Hussain
Published: September 2020

Objective: Sound periodontal foundation of abutment teeth is essential for successful restorative therapy and also for long-term success of prosthodontic restorations. Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) has been a popular choice of novel esthetic material in fixed prosthodontics over the last few decades. The present study aimed to assess the long term effect and tissue responses of fixed partial prosthesis using PFM material on vital and non- vital abutments on the periodontal parameters both clinically and radiographically.

Methodology: Following ethical committee approval, the study group comprised of 86 abutment teeth in 41 systemically healthy patients (24 males and 17 females) aged between 18 – 45 years who had received 3 unit fixed prosthesis made of PFM, having equigingival margins using vital and non-vital abutments. The following parameters were assessed at baseline, phase 1, 3 and 4 (1 year follow up) – CAL, Probing depth, Distance between CEJ/ cervical crown margin and alveolar crest of the abutment teeth (radiograph).

Results: Statistical analysis carried out by SPSSV22 software revealed no significant changes in probing depth and CAL (p>0.05) and significant changes in radiographic bone levels (p<0.05) in vital abutments whereas significant changes in probing depth and CAL from baseline to the end of 2 years (p<0.05) with no changes in radiographic parameters (p>0.05) with non vital abutments. However, significant differences were observed between vital and non vital abutments with regard to probing depth at the end of 2years, CAL and radiographic bone levels at 6months, 1 year and 2 years (p<0.05)

Conclusion: The response of the periodontal tissues to the PFM material used on fixed prosthesis on both vital and non vital abutment teeth although favorable, were marginally better in vital abutments.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL CAPABILITY, MONEY ATTITUDES, DAN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TERHADAP ADVERSE FINANCIAL EVENTS
Authors: Gabriel Florencia , Linawati Nanik
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh financial capability, money attitudes dan socioeconomic status terhadap adverse financial events pada masyarakat kota Ambon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 121 responden yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Analisa data akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat uji statistik dengan bantuan aplikasi bernama Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa financial capability berpengaruh signifikan terhadap adverse financial events, money attitudes berpengaruh signifikan terhadap adverse financial events dan socioeconomic status berpengaruh signifikan terhadap adverse financial events.
PENGARUH ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORM, PAST BEHAVIOR, DAN PERCEIVED CONTROL TERHADAP BUDGETING INTENTION MAHASISWA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Kurniawan Jason Yulesviva , Malelak Mariana Ing , Astuti Dewi
Published: September 2020

Pengelolaan keuangan merupakan hal yang penting bagi seseorang dalam mengatur pengeluaran dan pemasukan. Keseimbangan antara pemasukan dan pengeluaran memberikan benefit bagi seseorang dalam menentukan attitude, subjective norm, past behavior, dan perceived control terhadap budgeting intention. Sampel dari penelitian ini merupakan 100 mahasiswa yang berasal dari luar Surabaya yang berkuliah di Surabaya dan memiliki tempat tinggal di rumah kontrakan atau tempat tinggal kos-kosan. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuisioner berupa pernyataan tertutup melalui google form. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode asosiatif-kuantitatif. Analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) dengan dibantu program aplikasi SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa attitude, subjective norm, past behavior, dan perceived control berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap budgeting intention mahasiswa.
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP FIRM’S DEBT PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI PERIODE 2013-2018
Authors: Francisca  , Malelak Mariana Ing
Published: September 2020

Era globalisasi menjadikan perusahaan menjadi bersaing dan menentukan strategi bisnis yang sesuai dengan kondisi perusahaan. Kemampuan perusahaan dalam menentukan kinerjanya akan meningkatkan daya saing perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh corporate governance terhadap firm’s debt pada perusaha­an sektor industri barang konsumsi periode 2013-2018. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 31 perusahaan sektor industri barang konsumsi yang tercatat selama periode 2013-2018. Metode analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan fixed effect model dan random effect model. Variabel kontrol yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari profitability dan firm size. Hasil penelitian in menunjukkan bahwa board size dan board composition berpengaruh signifikan terhadap short term debt, board size tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap long term debt namun board composition berpengaruh signifikan terhadap long term debt, serta board size dan board composition tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap total debt.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, Anxiety, and Persistence of Methotrexate and TNF Inhibitors in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Desilet Luke W. , England Bryant R. , Michaud Kaleb , Barton Jennifer L. , Mikuls Ted R. , Baker Joshua F.
Published: September 2020

Objective

To examine the relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with earlier treatment discontinuation and medication adherence in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data (2005‐2014) were used to define unique dispensing episodes of methotrexate (MTX) and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) for veterans with RA. Diagnosis codes were used to categorize patients into mutually exclusive groups: PTSD (with/without depression/anxiety), depression/anxiety without PTSD, and neither psychiatric diagnosis. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations between psychiatric diagnoses and time to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug discontinuation (lapse in refill >90 days). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations of diagnoses with medication nonadherence (proportion of days covered <0.8).

Results

There were 15 081 dispensing episodes of MTX and 8412 dispensing episodes of TNFi. PTSD was independently associated with a greater likelihood of earlier discontinuation of both MTX (hazard ratio [HR] 1.15 [1.10‐1.21]) and TNFi (HR 1.20 [1.13‐1.28]). Depression/anxiety had a comparable risk of discontinuation for both MTX (HR 1.14 [1.10‐1.19]) and TNFi (HR 1.16 [1.10‐1.22]). Depression/anxiety, but not PTSD, was associated with higher odds of MTX (odds ratio [OR] 1.12 [1.03‐1.22]) and TNFi (OR 1.14 [1.02‐1.27]) nonadherence.

Conclusion

Veterans with RA and comorbid PTSD, depression, or anxiety had poor persistence of MTX and TNFi therapies. These results suggest that earlier discontinuation and low adherence to therapy among patients with RA with these psychiatric comorbidities may contribute to worse disease outcomes. Mechanisms by which these comorbidities contribute to lower adherence deserve further investigation and may lead to targeted interventions to improve disease outcomes.