bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management Challenges in the Digital Era
Authors: Liska Radek
Published: March 2018

The chapter gives overview of factors that business leaders need to consider while leading their enterprise to new era of industry. Robotics, automation, and digitalization represent both an opportunity and a threat to any impacted company. The chapter introduces analysis of current trends in industrial world with focus on OECD countries. Also, it provides an overall summary of current changes to managerial roles and suggests how to steer transformation endeavor from multiple viewpoints. Furthermore, a set of general recommendations on reorganization matters towards agile structure is presented. Other challenges arising from i4.0 such as adjustments in education process and changes to employees' mindset are also addressed from managerial viewpoint. The final part of the chapter points out main conclusions and core message as well as areas of further research.
Embracing Cybersecurity Risk Management in the Industry of Medical Devices
Authors: Lam Maria Lai-Ling , Wong Kei Wing
Published: March 2018

The promises of Industry 4.0 in the medical device industry needs to be built on sound cybersecurity infrastructures, polices, and practices. During 2011-2017, the authors interviewed many manufacturers of medical devices in China, Germany, Israel, Japan, Taiwan, and U.S. about their attitude towards cybersecurity. Many manufacturers are not committed to cybersecurity risk management because they pursue lower cost and shorter product life cycles; do not have sufficient knowledge of operating environments of hospitals; have defensive attitude toward vulnerability disclosure; and reap quick benefits from the low-trust level among stakeholders and unequal power between manufacturers and distributors. Only a few large U.S. manufacturers of medical devices have set up robust secure platforms and interoperable optimal standards which benefit the users. As cybersecurity is a shared responsibility, many small and medium-sized enterprises need to be empowered through the support of international organizations and local government policies.
An Analysis of Trade of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Özer Ahu Coşkun
Published: March 2018

After the creation of the Eurasian Economic Union in 2015, the Customs Union and the Common Economic Space between Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan represented two of the most important regional integration projects launched in the post-Soviet era. However, even though institutions, customs unions, and a common economic space have been established, it has become a matter of debate whether this union is effective in developing trade between the member countries. Russia has enormous power in terms of its share of the trade within the EEU. This shows Russia has economic dominance in the union. This is also the subject of debate about whether the union's members, except Russia, benefit from the customs union. In this chapter, the answers to these questions have been investigated by evaluating the commercial activities and macroeconomic variables of the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.
Who Benefits From Regional Economic Integration?
Authors: Kayser Ina
Published: March 2018

This chapter analyses ASEAN as an example of regional economic integration throughout the decades. ASEAN was founded as a means of stability in a region with great threats to regional security. Its member states could hardly vary more in terms of economic impact, political systems, and culture. Nonetheless, ASEAN became one of the most vibrant economic regions in the world following its own ASEAN Way. This chapter analyzes the shift from a security-focused functional community toward a successful economic cooperation. Since its formation, ASEAN's development was driven by its rhetorical strength rather than the actual implementation of measures. Nonetheless, as of today, ASEAN managed to partly overcome this rhetoric dilemma, becoming the third largest market worldwide.
Challenges on Porting Lattice Boltzmann Method on Accelerators
Authors: Schepke Claudio , Lima João V. F. , Serpa Matheus S.
Published: March 2018

Currently NVIDIA GPUs and Intel Xeon Phi accelerators are alternatives of computational architectures to provide high performance. This chapter investigates the performance impact of these architectures on the lattice Boltzmann method. This method is an alternative to simulate fluid flows iteratively using discrete representations. It can be adopted for a large number of flows simulations using simple operation rules. In the experiments, it was considered a three-dimensional version of the method, with 19 discrete directions of propagation (D3Q19). Performance evaluation compare three modern GPUs: K20M, K80, and Titan X; and two architectures of Xeon Phi: Knights Corner (KNC) and Knights Landing (KNL). Titan X provides the fastest execution time of all hardware considered. The results show that GPUs offer better processing time for the application. A KNL cache implementation presents the best results for Xeon Phi architectures and the new Xeon Phi (KNL) is two times faster than the previous model (KNC).
Fluid-Structure Interaction Using Lattice Boltzmann Method Coupled With Finite Element Method
Authors: Li Zhe , Favier Julien
Published: March 2018

This chapter presents several partitioned algorithms to couple lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and finite element method (FEM) for numerical simulation of transient fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems with large interface motion. Partitioned coupling strategies allow one to solve separately the fluid and solid subdomains using adapted or optimized numerical schemes, which provides a considerable flexibility for FSI simulation, especially for more realistic and industrial applications. However, partitioned coupling procedures often encounter numerical instabilities due to the fact that the time integrations of the two subdomains are usually carried out in a staggered way. As a consequence, the energy transfer across the fluid-solid interface is usually not correctly simulated, which means numerical energy injection or dissipation might occur at the interface with partitioned methods. The focus of the present chapter is given to the energy conservation property of different partitioned coupling strategies for FSI simulation.
Biosignal Denoising Techniques
Authors: M. Suchetha , M. Jagannath
Published: March 2018

The main aim of ECG signal enhancement is to separate the required signal components from the unwanted artifacts. Adaptive filter-based ECG enhancement helps in detecting time varying potentials and also helps to track the dynamic variations of the signals. LMS-based adaptive recurrent filter is used to obtain the impulse response of normal QRS complexes. It is also used for arrhythmia detection in ambulatory ECG recordings. Adaptive filters self-modify its frequency response to change the behavior in time. This property of adaptive filter allows it to adapt its response to change in the input signal characteristics. A major problem in adaptive filtering is the computational complexity of adaptive algorithm when the unknown system has a long impulse response and therefore requires a large number of taps. The wavelet transform is a time-scale representation method with a basis function called mother wavelet. In wavelet transform, the input signal is subsequently decomposed into subbands. Wavelet transform thresholding in the subband gives better performance of denoising.
Filtration and Classification of ECG Signals
Authors: Dash Satya Ranjan , Sheeraz Asim Syed , Samantaray Annapurna
Published: March 2018

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a kind of process of recording the electrical activity/signals of the heart with respect to the time. ECG conveys a wide amount of information related to the structure and functions of the heart, its electrical conduction processes. ECG is a diagnostic tool that the doctors and medical professionals use to measure patients' heart activity by paying attention to the electric current flowing in the heart. Due to the presence of noises, it needs to carry out the filtration process. Filtration is the process of keeping the components of the signals of desired frequencies by setting up an “fc” value and removing the components apart from the said “fc” frequency. It is required to eliminate the noise level from the ECG signal, such that the resultant ECG signal must be free from noises. All these techniques and algorithms have their advantages and limitations which are discussed in this chapter.
Security Risks of Biomedical Data Processing in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Zubairu Babangida
Published: March 2018

The emergence of new innovations in technology changes the rate of data generated in health-related institutions and the way data should be handled. As such, the amount of data generated is always on the increase, which demands the need of advanced, automated management systems and storage platforms for handling large biomedical data. Cloud computing has emerged as the promising technology for present and future that can handle large amount of data and enhance processing and management of the data remotely. One of the disturbance concerns of the technology is the security of the data. Data in the cloud is subject to security threats, and this has highlighted the need for exploring security measures against the threats. The chapter provides detailed analysis of cloud computing deployment strategies and risks associated with the technology and tips for biomedical data storage and processing through cloud computing services.
Algorithms for Detection and Classification of Abnormality in Mammograms
Authors: Phadke Anuradha Chetan , Rege Priti P.
Published: March 2018

Mammography is a popular imaging modality currently in use for routine screening of breast. Radiologists look for some of the significant signs of breast cancer while examining the mammogram visually. These signs are bounded masses, clusters of micro-calcifications, spiculations, and architectural distortions. Developing computer-aided algorithms for the detection and classification of abnormalities in mammograms is an extremely challenging task because of significant variableness in the type, size, shape, texture variation of abnormal region, and variability in the structure of surrounding tissues of the breast. The main objective of this chapter is to introduce dominant features of various signs of abnormalities and to discuss techniques to detect various abnormalities in mammograms. This knowledge will help to develop a system that is useful for the early detection and classification of breast cancer.
Endoscopic-Assisted Microvascular Decompression
Authors: Kalani M. Yashar S. , Levitt Michael R. , Mulholland Celene B. , Teo Charles , Nakaji Peter
Published: March 2018

Diseases of ephaptic transmission are commonly caused by vascular compression of cranial nerves. The advent of microvascular decompression has allowed for surgical intervention for this patient population. This chapter highlights the technique of endoscopic-assisted microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm. Endoscopy and keyhole techniques have resulted in a minimally invasive and effective treatment of symptoms for patients with neuralgia.
Balloon Rhizotomy Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Haines Stephen
Published: March 2018

No single surgical procedure can achieve lasting pain relief in all patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Percutaneous balloon compression trigeminal rhizotomy is an alternative outpatient procedure for patients in whom open operation or other percutaneous procedures are infeasible or have failed. The instrumentation required and a stepwise description of the procedure are given. Limited information on results is available, but suggest that approximately 95% of patients will get immediate relief of their pain with a median duration of pain estimated between 20 and 28 months. As many as 20% of patients may remain pain free and off medication at 5 years. Serious complications are rare but include meningitis, hemorrhage, extensive facial dysesthesia or analgesia and cranial nerve dysfunction.
V2 Rhizotomy
Authors: Campos Lucas W. , Telischak Nicholas , Do Huy M. , Qian Xiang
Published: March 2018

Trigeminal neuralgia is a facial pain syndrome characterized by excruciating, paroxysmal, electric shock-like pain attacks in the sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Medical management remains the first line of treatment. When this fails, surgical management needs to be considered. Percutaneous interventional procedures such as glycerol rhizotomy, radiofrequency (RF) thermocoagulation, and balloon compression of the trigeminal ganglion and its branches are some of the most commonly used procedures as they avoid exposure to general anesthesia, provide successful short-term results, and are available to people with significant co-morbidities. Of these, RF is the most often used. The V2 and V3 branches of the trigeminal nerve are most commonly affected, and are thus the most frequent targets for RF interventions. These procedures may be performed using conventional fluoroscopic, ultrasound, or CT-guided imaging, including combined flat-panel CT and fluoroscopy. This chapter summarizes these common ablation techniques targeting the V2 branch of the trigeminal nerve.
Web Technology Systems Integration Using SOA and Web Services
Authors: Sah Anushree , Dumka Ankur , Rawat Saurabh
Published: March 2018

This chapter presents an overview of service-oriented architecture and web technologies with the objective of presenting challenging issues concerned with various aspects of integrating heterogeneous web applications.
Improving Initial Teacher Education in Australia
Authors: Finger Glenn
Published: March 2018

Initial teacher education (ITE) programs are subject to agencies which shape and define them through regulatory accreditation processes (Lloyd, 2013a, 2013b). This chapter argues that the design of ITE programs needs to build the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) capabilities (Mishra & Koehler, 2006, 2008) of future teachers. After establishing that there are both accountability and improvement agendas, this chapter outlines the Teaching Teachers for the Future (TTF) Project, which involved all 39 Australian Higher Education Institutions providing ITE programs in Australia. The TTF Project was a 15 month long, $8 million project, funded by the Australian Government's ICT Innovation Fund which adopted an approach reflecting an improvement agenda. The TTF Project is discussed in terms of the TPACK conceptualisation guiding the project, and the research and evaluation of that project. The TTF Project's key outcomes are summarised, and these inform the presentation of solutions and recommendations.
The Impact of Digital Technologies in Mathematics Pre-Service Teacher Preparation Over Four Decades
Authors: Bush Sarah B. , Driskell Shannon O. , Niess Margaret L. , Pugalee David K. , Rakes Christopher R. , Ronau Robert N.
Published: March 2018

The rapid expansion of technology integration in everyday lives calls for a rethinking of teaching and learning with current and emerging digital technologies. How have pre-service teachers been prepared for teaching with these new technologies? Are they prepared for this educational revolution? This chapter presents an analysis of the impact of digital technologies in mathematics pre-service teacher preparation over the past four decades. The chapter examines how various technology types, content strands, grade-level bands, teacher outcomes, conceptual frameworks, research questions, and alignment with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) (CCSSO, 2010) Mathematical Practices (CCSSM-MP) have influenced the outcomes from mathematics teacher education papers and how this literature has affected teacher preparation. The goal of this examination is to identify recommendations for future mathematics teacher preparation research that show promise for revising mathematics teacher preparation in this digital age.
Creating Faculty Buy-In for edTPA and Other Performance-Based Assessments
Authors: Hart Laura C. , Wakeman Shawnee
Published: March 2018

As candidate performance-based assessments like edTPA grow in use nationally, facilitating faculty buy-in of the assessment processes becomes paramount for implementation success. Many faculty, used to an environment of academic freedom and autonomous curriculum choices, may balk at the notion of implementing a structured assessment like edTPA across their teacher preparation programs. Identifying obstacles and developing responses that allow faculty a voice while maintaining a respectful and open dialogue becomes crucial. The selection of faculty leadership to carry out the initiative, the decision to score the products locally by faculty or externally through a third party, and a discussion of the impact of adopting the assessment on faculty workload are all part of this work. Developing appropriate faculty supports and resources and involving faculty in processes to embed knowledge and skills related to the assessment into formative coursework can prove to be invaluable strategies for EPPs going through these processes.
A TL-TPACK Model on CSL Pre-Service Teachers' Competencies of Online Instruction
Authors: Cheng Hsiu-Jen
Published: March 2018

This chapter aims to introduce the integration of TPACK into a Chinese pre-service teacher training program and discuss its outcomes and challenges. First, the concept of TPACK was introduced and relevant TPACK research and its constraints in the previous studies were discussed. Through the partnership between a Chinese pre-service teacher training program in Taiwan and a Chinese learning program in the States, the author developed a Teaching and Learning Model, entitled TL-TPACK model, integrating practicum, course design, advisors, peer cooperation, and reflections—five training strategies to ensure the training and learning outcome. At the end of the chapter, an empirical Chinese pre-service teacher training study applying the TL-TPACK model was conducted to investigate pre- service teachers' seven TPACK competences and Chinese learners' learning performance. Finally, research implications and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
Teacher Training in Distance Education and the Practicum Process
Authors: Aydin Belgin , Kecik Ilknur
Published: March 2018

Distance education has long been used both in pre-service and in-service teacher education programs to provide wider opportunities to people who are not able to attend face-to face courses. Since teacher education is a wide topic with participants having quite a wide range of needs, there is still a need to get information on different models, especially on the practicum part of teacher education. Within the realm of this topic, this chapter aims to describe an innovative model, the design of which is based on a need in Turkey, and discuss it in the light of available literature. After a brief terminology clarification, major models and trends in language teacher education are brought forth and discussed. Then, the model developed by Anadolu University, Distance English Language Teacher Training (DELTT), is explained and further suggestions on the issue are made.
People, Processes, and Philosophies
Authors: Cooper Tammi
Published: March 2018

Viewed as an innovation by many, CBE programs require traditional institutions to examine current practices with a view towards adaptation and change. Through the lenses of people, processes, and philosophies, this chapter presents general considerations of how the design of a CBE program on a traditional campus impacts the areas of senior leader decision making, administrative structure, curriculum design, functional units, technology, and accreditation. Each section within this chapter includes specific details of how a small, private, traditional university approached these areas during the development of a fully technology-enabled undergraduate CBE program.
Making the Move
Authors: Gautreau Cynthia S. , Stang Kristin K. , Street Chris , Guillaume Andrea
Published: March 2018

This paper is intended for new faculty and faculty who are new to using digital technologies and a learning management system in their instruction. As experienced faculty in the College of Education, the authors make a concerted effort to support faculty in their use of instructional technology. In this paper, the authors share their experiences with faculty who are taking early the early steps in the journey to integrate digital technologies into their instruction. The authors hope this article will help faculty on their journey by supporting them in teaching with technology. The authors focus on faculty development, adoption of new technologies into faculties' instructional practices, and introductory online teaching practices. The authors' ultimate goal is to support student learning by helping faculty encourage learning for the entire continuum of students: students who need to be supported as they develop digital literacy and those who come to us embracing technologies wholeheartedly.
Teacher Training and Digital Paths
Authors: Limone Pierpaolo , Pace Rosaria
Published: March 2018

Innovative practices in schools are the outcome of a combination of factors, including the teacher's primary role in directing methodological and technological innovation. In order to make this happen, the teacher – as an expert and educational leader – needs a repertoire of specific skills that allow for critical and situated adoption of tools, processes and learning resources. This paper describes the educational structure and features of some online and blended courses intended for initial and continuous teacher training. These courses are designed to support teachers in acquiring strategic competences for their work. Starting from the experience of the University of Foggia, the authors intend to offer their perspective on the prominence of teacher training within the framework of school innovation.
Professional Development for Technology Integration Into Differentiated Math Instruction
Authors: Kim Jackie HeeYoung , Foster Ardyth , Cho Moon-Heum
Published: March 2018

To make a connection between pedagogy and technology in teaching, this chapter will explore whether or not a professional development design and practice, whose aim is to help teachers use technology for personal purposes, readily translates into the ability to effectively teach and learn with technology. Adopting a conceptual framework known as self-efficacy beliefs and TPACK, or technological pedagogical content knowledge (Mishra & Koehler, 2006), this chapter discusses the design of a professional development model, the goal of which is increasing the critical attribute of the successful professional development: self-efficacy. In an effort to provide empirical knowledge to support this design, this chapter further showcases a faculty member's approaches to connecting technology and pedagogy using the TPACK approach, while implementing a model designed to improve teachers' self-efficacy. Implications and guidelines for developing teachers' self-efficacy, through activities during the professional development workshop, are discussed.
Synthesizing Technological and Pedagogical Knowledge in Learning Design
Authors: Papanikolaou Kyparisia A. , Makrh Katerina , Magoulas George D. , Chinou Dionisia , Georgalas Athanasios , Roussos Petros
Published: March 2018

Based on a design rational for constructivist pre-service teacher training on Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL), in this paper the authors consider teachers as designers of innovative digital educational content. Under this lens, the selection of appropriate technologies is considered as a threefold process that concerns the availability of technological tools for implementing a virtual classroom that facilitates communication, collaboration, and administration, the enabling technologies for serving specific learning purposes, and the technologies or tools that support trainees to design effective TEL-based courses. A number of questions emerge as the authors are looking for the most appropriate technologies for cultivating certain competences related to class operation, learning design and student engagement in a constructive manner. As a first step, in this paper, they investigate how trainees combine particular technologies with pedagogical tools to cultivate specific competences i.e. certain types of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Lastly, factors that trainees perceive as influential when adopting TEL tools in practice are revealed by their study.
Adapting the TPACK Framework for Online Teaching Within Higher Education
Authors: Ouyang Fan , Scharber Cassandra
Published: March 2018

There are ongoing obstacles in accurately assessing and effectively applying TPACK within online higher education contexts. In this study, we adapt the original TPACK constructs for application within online higher education, and share the results of a case study using this adapted analytical framework. This qualitative case study investigates and describes one experienced instructor's practice within a graduate-level online course. The instructor enacted a high-level of TPACK proficiency through combining content, pedagogy, and technology as well as masterfully using these knowledges within her online teaching practices. This research demonstrates one way the TPACK framework can be used as an analytical tool by researchers to investigate instructors' online teaching practices. In addition, the modified TPACK descriptions and evaluation criteria can be used to better assess TPACK and further support higher education faculty's online pedagogy development.
“Should I Go to Ireland or Mexico?”
Authors: Roberts Scott L. , Rouech Kristina
Published: March 2018

This chapter presents and discusses the experience of two university professors' participation in two different study abroad programs. Within the first two years of employment at the university, one professor went to Oaxaca and the other went to Ireland with groups of pre-student teachers. The chapter discusses previous literature and the impact of study abroad programs on teacher education, program basics from the authors' university, the authors' personal experiences travelling with students for the first time, commonalities and differences among the two programs, benefits from their experiences, and ideas for further development of effective study abroad programs for education students.
Higher Education Leadership
Authors: Wang Victor X. , Russo Marianne Robin
Published: March 2018

This chapter illustrates gaps that exist between leadership theories and practice. Well-reasoned theories are described in many academic books, yet they may not apply in practice. In higher education, these gaps may seem to be compounded by the lack of technical skills or leadership ethics. To demonstrate the true gaps between leadership theories and practice, the authors provide a scenario that illustrates this effect. While the different leadership theories are briefly reviewed, the authors' intention is to demonstrate that applied theory to practice will assist leaders in guiding followers in the right direction for the benefit of these specific stakeholders as well as for the academe at large. A model is developed to help ameliorate the gap between leadership theory and practice in terms of teaching and leadership within the academe, inclusive of faculty and administration. The conceptual framework encapsulates: (a) the interaction of one's teaching philosophies and teaching theories; (b) the interaction of one's teaching philosophies and leadership theories; and (c) behaviors and interactions of leaders and followers to prevent leaders from ganging up on followers.
Exploration of Faculty's Perceptions on Technology Change
Authors: Outlaw Veronica , Rice Margaret L. , Wright Vivian H.
Published: March 2018

This chapter conveys the results of an original research study conducted in 2013-2014 to analyze the perceptions of faculty during a learning management system transition (frequent technology change or adoption). The purpose of the study is to determine if faculty perceptions of adopting new technology have an effect on their stress levels; thereby, affecting faculty preparedness. The literature indicates that higher Technological Self-Efficacy (TSE) should result in lower stress levels. Data analysis reveals faculty who indicated having moderate proficiency of TSE (45%) and possessing moderate stress levels (45%); having somewhat proficiency of TSE (27%) and possessing minor stress levels (32%); and having extreme proficiency of TSE (20%), yet possessing serious stress levels (14%). While these findings differ from other current literature findings, the literature does support the notion that higher stress levels have implications on faculty perceptions, behaviors, and preparedness (Iqbal & Kokash, 2011).
Shaping the Roles of Academic Librarians to Meet Emerging Demands of DH Scholarship
Authors: Aarsvold Nancy , Gonnerman Kasia , Paul Jason N.
Published: March 2018

As digital technologies permeate research, teaching, and learning on academic campuses, librarians are increasingly expected to be conversant in the tools and resources used in digital humanities (DH) scholarship. They are also expected to play a role in managing DH projects and promoting them to their campus communities and beyond. This growing niche of support calls not only for expanding librarians' DH toolkits and knowledge, but also for novel and energetic collaborations with other college staff, particularly information technologists. This chapter considers ways to create and sustain partnerships between faculty, instructional technologists, and librarians in support of DH activities at a liberal arts college. By focusing on collaborative approaches to DH training, events, and project planning and management, the chapter provides a blueprint for creating a DH Team that capitalizes on the existing skills of librarians and instructional technologists and for fostering a culture in which librarians can acquire new skills to support DH scholarship.
Security and Compliance
Authors: Hinton Heather
Published: March 2018

Despite a rocky start in terms of perceived security, cloud adoption continues to grow. Users are more comfortable with the notion that cloud can be secure but there is still a lack of understanding of what changes when moving to cloud, how to secure a cloud environment, and most importantly, how to demonstrate compliance of these cloud environment for regulatory purposes. This chapter reviews the basics of cloud security and compliance, including the split of security responsibility across Cloud provider and Client, considerations for the integration of cloud deployed workloads with on-premises systems and most importantly, how to demonstrate compliance with existing internal policies and workload required regulatory standards.
Cloud Security Threats and Techniques to Strengthen Cloud Computing Adoption Framework
Authors: Khan Nabeel , Al-Yasiri Adil
Published: March 2018

Cloud Computing allows firms to outsource their entire information technology (IT) process, allowing them to concentrate more on their core business to enhance their productivity and innovation in offering services to customers. It allows businesses to cut down heavy cost incurred over IT infrastructure without losing focus on customer needs. However, to a certain limit adopting Cloud computing has struggled to grow among many established and growing organizations due to several security and privacy related issues. Throughout the course of this study several interviews were conducted, with cloud developers and security experts, and the literature was reviewed. This study enabled us to understand, current and future, security and privacy challenges with cloud computing by providing suitable solutions to identified challenges. The outcome of this study led to identification of total 18, current and future, security issues affecting several attributes of cloud computing. In this process of identification, the author also found mitigation techniques to avert these security issues. A security guide is formulated which enables organizations to be aware of security challenges, vulnerabilities and techniques to evade them.
The Development of Cybersecurity Policy and Legislative Landscape in Latin America and Caribbean States
Authors: Minto-Coy Indianna D. , Henlin M. Georgia Gibson
Published: March 2018

The rise and evolution of telecommunications networks over the last few decades have brought immeasurable benefits. Attention to the negative side of these developments has been slow, particularly in the Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean where countries are slowly becoming aware of the developmental, social and economic challenges posed by cybercrimes. Attention has largely been on developed states. However, the experiences covered here add to the global picture on the state of cyber security, increasing understanding of alternative experiences and where they sit alongside the more popular ones such as the US. The chapter details some major development in cyber security in the Caribbean, examining the development of the legal, institutional and organizational landscape in response to growing internal and external cyber threats. Main players and efforts are identified. Information was gathered from interviews and content analysis and the authors' first-hand knowledge.
Configuring a Trusted Cloud Service Model for Smart City Exploration Using Hybrid Intelligence
Authors: Sarkar Manash , Banerjee Soumya , Badr Youakim , Sangaiah Arun Kumar
Published: March 2018

Emerging research concerns about the authenticated cloud service with high performance of security and assuring trust for distributed clients in a smart city. Cloud services are deployed by the third-party or web-based service providers. Thus, security and trust would be considered for every layer of cloud architecture. The principle objective of cloud service providers is to deliver better services with assurance of trust about clients' information. Cloud's users recurrently face different security challenges about the use of sharable resources. It is really difficult for Cloud Service Provider for adapting varieties of security policies to sustain their enterprises' goodwill. To make an optimistic decision that would be better suitable to provide a trusted cloud service for users' in smart city. Statistical method known as Multivariate Normal Distribution is used to select different attributes of different security entities for developing the proposed model. Finally, fuzzy multi objective decision making and Bio-Inspired Bat algorithm are applied to achieve the objective.
Migration Goals and Risk Management in Cloud Computing
Authors: Islam Shareeful , Fenz Stefan , Weippl Edgar , Kalloniatis Christos
Published: March 2018

Organizations are now seriously considering adopting cloud into the existing business context, but migrating data, application and services into cloud doesn't come without substantial risks. These risks are the significant barriers for the wider cloud adoption. There are works that consolidate the existing work on cloud migration and technology. However, there is no secondary study that consolidates the state of the art research and existing practice on risk management in cloud computing. It makes difficult to understand the risks management trend, maturity, and research gaps. This paper investigates the state of the art research and practices relating to risk management in cloud computing and discusses survey results on migration goals and risks. The survey participants are practitioners from both public and private organizations of two different locations, i.e., UK and Malaysia. The authors identify and classify the relevant literature and systematically compare the existing works and survey results. The results show that most of the existing works do not consider the existing organization and business context for the risk assessment. The authors' study results also reveal that risk management in cloud computing research and practice is still not in a mature stage but gradually advancing. Finally, they propose a risk assessment approach and determine the relative importance of the migration goals from two real migration use cases.
The Rigorous Security Risk Management Model
Authors: Rjaibi Neila , Rabai Latifa Ben Arfa
Published: March 2018

This chapter presents the security concepts terminologies (threat, risk, security risk management, security risk management process, security threat model) and present the state of the art of security risk management models, compare and discuss strengths and weaknesses of such models. Then it presents the Mean Failure Cost (MFC) model for quantifying security threats as a rigorous measure of cyber security, and as a cascade of linear models in order to estimate the system security using the loss of a given stakeholders as a result of security breakdown. Finally it presents an overview of the applicability of the MFC measure to e-systems. In the conclusion, the chapter criticizes the MFC Cyber Security Measure and presents an overview of different perspectives.
CYRAN
Authors: Hallaq Bil , Nicholson Andrew , Smith Richard , Maglaras Leandros , Janicke Helge , Jones Kevin
Published: March 2018

Cyber Security of ICS/SCADA systems is a major aspect of current research focus. Cyber Ranges and Test-beds can serve as means of vulnerability and threat analysis of real SCADA systems with low costs. Significantly lacking from current research, is detailed documentation of the decision process and the potential difficulties that need to be considered when undertaking the creation of a Cyber Range (CR) in order to facilitate the capture of labelled datasets which is included in this paper. This paper makes several further contributions; a review of Cyber Ranges created by Academic Institutions that influenced the criteria in creating CYRAN, the De Montfort University CYber RANge. The article presents the design implementation, the process of creating effective rules of engagement, the management and running of a Cyber Range Event (CRE) with partners from Industry and Academia and the creation of labelled datasets.
Security Architecture for Cloud Computing
Authors: Bhadoria Robin Singh
Published: March 2018

Clouds need to address three security issues: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Security architecture for cloud computing is designed based on the functional architecture. The approach is to enhance the components of a functional architecture with additional components providing various security services. This is an extension of SaaS concept to have several security components that are common to all application and services. Various cloud security issues are discussed in this chapter.
Cyber-Security Concerns With Cloud Computing
Authors: Yeboah-Boateng Ezer Osei
Published: March 2018

Information is modeled into virtual objects to create value for its owner. The value chain involves stakeholders with varied responsibilities in the cyber-market. Cloud computing emerged out of virtualization, distributed and grid computing, and has altered the value creation landscape, through strategic and sensitive information management. It offers services that use resources in a utility fashion. The flexible, cost-effective service models are opportunities for SMEs. Whilst using these tools for value-creation is imperative, a myriad of security concerns confront both providers and end-users. Vulnerabilities and threats are key concerns, so that value created is strategically aligned with corporate vision, appropriated and sustained. What is the extent of impact? Expert opinions were elicited of 4 C-level officers and 10 security operatives. Shared technology issues, malicious insiders and service hijacking are considered major threats. Also, an intuitive strategic model for Value-Creation Cloud-based Cyber-security is proposed as guidance in fostering IT-enabled initiatives.
Security Management in Mobile Cloud Computing
Authors: Singh Basudeo , K.S. Jasmine
Published: March 2018

Mobile cloud computing is a technique or model in which mobile applications are built, powered and hosted using cloud computing technology. In Mobile Cloud computing we can store information regarding sender, data and receiver on cloud through mobile application. As we store more and more information on cloud by client, security issue will arise. This chapter presents a review on the mobile cloud computing concepts as well as security issues and vulnerabilities affecting Cloud Systems and the possible solutions available to such issues within the context of cloud computing. It also describes the pros and cons of the existing security strategy and also introduces the existing issues in cloud computing such as data integrity, data segregation, and security.
Israel's Cyber Security Policy
Authors: Tabansky Lior
Published: March 2018

Cyberspace opened a Pandora's Box: it enabled a direct strike on national infrastructure while circumventing traditional defence systems. Analysing the national responses to Cybersecurity challenges reveals the power of “Cyber War” metaphor and the resulting militarization of cyberspace. But these are unsuitable against cyber disruption of civilian national infrastructure. Further, the persistent trend towards militarization of cybersecurity has negative outcomes. How then should democratic societies provide Cybersecurity? One way of addressing the challenge is presented in the second part of the chapter. Israeli Cyber Defence stresses three lessons. 1. Despite the global risks, a national response is feasible. 2. Israel did not to task the IDF with cyber defence in civilian realm. 3. Technical prowess is not enough for national Cybersecurity, without political measures to settle conflicts and overcome barriers.
SCIPS
Authors: Cook Allan , Smith Richard , Maglaras Leandros , Janicke Helge
Published: March 2018

The cyber threat to industrial control systems is an acknowledged security issue, but a qualified dataset to quantify the risk remains largely unavailable. Senior executives of facilities that operate these systems face competing requirements for investment budgets, but without an understanding of the nature of the threat, cyber security may not be a high priority. Education and awareness campaigns are established methods of raising the profile of security issues with stakeholders, but traditional techniques typically deliver generic messages to wide audiences, rather than tailoring the communications to those who understand the impact of organisational risks. This paper explores the use of experiential learning through serious games for senior executives, to develop mental models within which participants can frame the nature of the threat, thereby raising their cyber security awareness, and increasing their motivation to address the issue.
Security Issues Related to Cloud Applications in STEM Education
Authors: Chen Yong
Published: March 2018

Learning based on cloud computing, denoted as cloud learning (CL) in short, is a disruptive innovation and a current buzzword in education. It provides a learner-centered platform that benefits learners, instructors, and education providers. However, because it requires the Internet and is built on cloud computing, CL has inherent security issues. By analyzing the benefits and the security threats inherent in CL, this chapter aims to help CL stakeholders in STEM Education (namely cloud service providers, cloud content providers, and cloud users) to better understand the security issues inherent in CL from the perspectives of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The discussions about the risks that CL stakeholders in STEM education incur as a result of prevailing security threats and system vulnerabilities will help those stakeholders to assess the cost effectiveness of security countermeasures.
Proposals to Win the Battle Against Cyber Crime
Authors: Al-Hamami Alaa Hussein
Published: March 2018

Through commercial networks and across the Internet, there are data files, millions of images and videos, and trillions of messages flow each day to drive the world economy. This vast electronic infrastructure is what our nation depends on. To commit crime by using a computer and communication to forge a person's identity, illegal imports or malicious programs, the computer here is used as an object or subject for the cybercrime. Most of the online activities are vulnerable to intrusion and can compromise personal safety just as effectively as common everyday crimes. This chapter concentrates on explaining and discussing the terms of cyber security, cybercrimes, and cyber-attacks. A history for each term has been given and the problems of cyber security have been discussed. Finally, a proposed solution has been suggested and future trends have been forecasted, and at the end of the chapter a conclusion will be given.
Cyber-Security Intelligence Gathering
Authors: Yeboah-Boateng Ezer Osei , Akwa-Bonsu Elvis
Published: March 2018

Recently, KM has found applications in cyber-security. Though the actionable information gathered is intangible, they are used to improve knowledge sharing in organizations. Key cyber-security objectives are to prevent, detect and respond to threats. Using open-sharing of vulnerabilities and exploits, cyber risks could be mitigated through info-sharing. Cyber-intelligence is perceived as a process and a product, with outcomes being alerts that solicit explicit responses, leading to mitigation of possible threats. Using the Scrum approach, relevant articles and databases were reviewed, towards improving mitigation strategies. A virtual machine experiment utilized various tools to gather intelligence. Results from footprinting were used to design a KM-based Cyber-Intelligence Gathering model that incorporates Lewin's Change Theory. It is intuitive and serves as an effective mitigation strategy for most organizations, especially SMEs. The implication is that knowledge sharing could be harnessed to create a pool of mitigation resources for most enterprises in developing economies.
International Legal Aspects of Protecting Civilians and Their Property in the Future Cyber Conflict
Authors: Hadji-Janev Metodi
Published: March 2018

The post-Cold War reality has brought many changes that challenge political leaders, planners and operators. Using cyberspace to accomplish their political objectives, non-state actors and states have opened serious legal debates over the applicability of the international law of armed conflict principles in cyberspace. In this context, the article explores how the basic principles of International law of armed conflict will apply to the protection of the civilian population from the future cyber conflict. To accomplish this article addresses the ius ad bellum and the ius in bello aspects of cyber conflict.
Recent Trends in Cloud Computing Security Issues and Their Mitigation
Authors: Siddesh G. M. , Srinivasa K. G. , Tejaswini L.
Published: March 2018

Security in cloud is to be increased to strengthen the confidence and trust of cloud service consumers. In the upcoming years, the scientific research and education teams will have to investigate finding new ways to handle the issue of cloud security. This chapter discusses the major threats and their impact on clouds, security measures to handle the attacks in clouds, security as a service in research and education, and steps to enhance security feature in clouds.