bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Results in Anatomic All-inside Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Russu Octav , Bățagă Tiberiu , Feier Andrei-Marian , Prejbeanu Radu , Fleaca Radu , Roman Mihai , Gergely István
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common lesions in knee traumatology; therefore the number of ACL reconstructions is increasing worldwide. Usually, an anteromedial (AM) accessory portal is required in anatomical positioning of the femoral tunnel, which is not absolutely necessary in this technique. Aim: Assessment of all-inside ACL reconstruction preliminary clinical results with adjustable loops and buttons on both femoral and tibial surfaces. Method: Our prospective study included 28 subjects (19 male, 9 female) with chronic ACL ruptures. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 8.23 years. In all cases ACL reconstruction was carried out with the use of quadrupled semitendinosus auto-grafts with adjustable loops and buttons on the femoral and tibial surfaces and anatomic placement of both tunnels, using an outside-in technique, with flipcutters (Arthrex®). Clinical and radiological evaluations were carried out before surgery and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively, with the Lysholm scoring system, the Tegner activity scale and anterior-posterior and latero-lateral X-rays. Anterior knee laxity was measured in 25° of flexion using a portable arthrometer (RolimeterTM, Aircast®) and maximum manual force. Results: During the final follow-up, the Lysholm score was good and excellent in 27 cases, with a mean Lysholm score of 95.55 ± 4.63; all results were classified as good. The mean preoperative Tegner activity score was 3.46 ± 1.71 (range: 1-7), and the post-operative mean score was 5.75 ± 2.24 (range: 2-10). We found no graft ruptures. Preoperative knee laxity measurements showed a mean displacement of 11.5 ± 3.1 mm and side-to-side differences of 5.6 ± 3.5 mm, while the postoperative measurements at the last follow-up were 6.3 ± 1.54 mm and 2.65 ± 1.86 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Short-term clinical outcomes of all-inside ACL restoration with anatomic placement femoral and tibial tunnels seem to recommend this surgical option, with good subjective and objective results. Additional research will have to prove the long-term success.
Urotensin II inhibitor eases neuropathic pain by suppressing the JNK/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Li Jing , Zhao Pan-Pan , Hao Ting , Wang Dan , Wang Yu , Zhu Yang-Zi , Wu Yu-Qing , Zhou Cheng-Hua
Published: November 2016

Urotensin II (U-II), a cyclic peptide originally isolated from the caudal neurosecretory system of fishes, can produce proinflammatory effects through its specific G protein-coupled receptor, GPR14. Neuropathic pain, a devastating disease, is related to excessive inflammation in the spinal dorsal horn. However, the relationship between U-II and neuropathic pain has not been reported. This study was designed to investigate the effect of U-II antagonist on neuropathic pain and to understand the associated mechanisms. We reported that U-II and its receptor GPR14 were persistently upregulated and activated in the dorsal horn of L4–6 spinal cord segments after chronic constriction injury (CCI) in rats. Intrathecal injection of SB657510, a specific antagonist against U-II, reversed CCI-induced thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. Furthermore, we found that SB657510 reduced the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 as well as subsequent secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). It was also showed that both the JNK inhibitor SP600125 and the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC significantly attenuated thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in CCI rats. Our present research showed that U-II receptor antagonist alleviated neuropathic pain possibly through the suppression of the JNK/NF-κB pathway in CCI rats, which will contribute to the better understanding of function of U-II and pathogenesis of neuropathic pain.
The influence of seasonality and weather changes on premature birth incidence
Authors: Muresan Daniel , Staicu Adelina , Zaharie Gabriela , Marginean Claudiu , Rotar Ioana Cristina
Published: November 2016

Background. Although the effects of meteorological factors on the general population health  are widely documented, little is known about their influence upon human pregnancy and birth. The present study aim to analyze the influence of the atmospheric conditions upon premature births.Method. One hundred and eight nine cases of premature births were included in the study with a gestational age between 24 to 37 weeks of amenorrhea. Cases with antepartum fetal death and those with uncertain gestational age have been excluded. Daily weather data were obtained using http://www.wunderground.com site.A Pearson's product-moment correlation was run to assess the relationship between weekly preterm birth incidence and the total number of premature births and the mean maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax, Tmin), maximum and minimum average humidity (Umax, Umin), maximum and minimum atmospheric pressure mean (P max, P min), average wind speed and average quantity precipitations, calculated for one calendar week.Results. Approximately 7.7% of all births during the study period occurred before 37 weeks of gestation, the main reason for hospitalization being premature rupture of membranes (45%). The analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation between weekly preterm birth incidence and the average temperature ( r = 0.306, n = 52, p = 0.027) and a moderate positive correlation between weekly preterm birth incidence and temperature variation (r = 0.307, n = 52, p =0.007). Our study found no significant statistic correlation between the humidity variation, pressure variation, and wind speed.Conclusions. The incidence of premature births can be influenced by variations of specific weather factors, especially during the weeks characterized by large fluctuations in temperature. The results obtained might inspire the construction of multicenter studies to investigate thorough the adverse effects of some meteorological factors that can influence the outcomes of human pregnancy.
Reliability and Validity of a Two-Question Alcohol Screen in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Spirito Anthony , Bromberg Julie R. , Casper T. Charles , Chun Thomas H. , Mello Michael J. , Dean J. Michael , Linakis James G. ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

A multisite study was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2-question alcohol screen within pediatric emergency departments (PEDs).

METHODS:

Participants (N = 4838) included 12- to 17-year-old subjects treated in 1 of the 16 participating PEDs across the United States. A criterion assessment battery (including the NIAAA 2-question alcohol screen and other measures of alcohol, drug use, and risk behaviors) was self-administered on a tablet computer. A subsample (n = 186) was re-administered the NIAAA 2-question screen 1 week later to assess test-retest reliability.

RESULTS:

Moderate to good test-retest reliability was demonstrated. A classification of moderate risk or higher on the screen had the best combined sensitivity and specificity for determining a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) for all students. Any past year drinking among middle school students increased the odds of a diagnosis of an AUD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, whereas the optimal cutoff for high school ages was ≥3 drinking days in the past year. The optimal cutoff for drinking days determining a positive Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score among middle school subjects was ≥1 drinking day, whereas the optimal cutoff for high school subjects was ≥2 drinking days.

CONCLUSIONS:

The NIAAA 2-question screen is a brief, valid approach for alcohol screening in PEDs. A positive screen suggests that referral for further evaluation is indicated to determine if an adolescent has an AUD.
Qualitative and quantitative determination of main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. using thin-layer chromatographic-densitometric method
Authors: Bogucka-Kocka Anna , Zalewski Daniel
Published: November 2016

We present a new simple thin-layer chromatographic method designed for determination of the main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. In this study, we used roots and herb of the plant collected in spring and autumn. The alkaloid fractions were prepared according to modified pharmacopeial procedure [1].

In our method, we performed two-step elution onto silica gel plates. The first eluent consisted of chloroform, methanol, and water mixed with 70:30:4 proportion. The second eluent comprised of toluene, ethyl acetate, and methanol with 83:15:2 proportion. The described thin-layer chromatography (TLC) system allows qualitative and quantitative determination of the following alkaloids: sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, coptisine, and berberine. For determination of protopine, eluent with n-buthanol, acetic acid, and water in 15:1.5:4 proportion was investigated.

The dominant alkaloids observed in studied fractions were coptisine (1027.096 ± 13.367–287.474 ± 3.069 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv) and chelidonine (1780.667 ± 263.522– 115.929 ± 14.694 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv). The alkaloid detected in the least amount was chelerythrine (30.74 ± 7.526–1.143 ± 0.0651 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv). The highest total amount of all alkaloids was determined in the fractions obtained from herbs in spring, and the lowest amount was detected in herbs autumn.

Additionally, we compared amounts of studied alkaloids in different parts of plants (aerial parts and roots). The plants were collected in spring and autumn.

Authors concluded that the presented method can be used as a valuable tool for screening studies on C. majus L.
Kultur massal copepoda (ordo cyclopoida) dalam tambak dengan penambahan pakan yang berbeda
Authors: Kurdi Kurdi , Suwitra I Nyoman , Mujimin Mujimin
Published: November 2016

Abstrak lengkap dapat dibaca pada full. PDFCopepoda merupakan udang kecil yang hidup di seluruh perairan pantai maupun perairan dalam. Copepoda sangat berpotensi menjadi pakan alami alternatif selain rotifer dan artemia sebagai pakan larva ikan laut.
Mortalitas udang windu penaeus monodon yang dipapar dengan ekstrak daun mangrove Sonneratia gulngai dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda
Authors: Nurjanna Nurjanna , Mujayana Mujayana , Rohani Siti
Published: November 2016

Abstrak lengkap dapat dibaca di full. PDFSalah satu bahan alam yang dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan kematian udang tambak adalah berasal dari tanaman mangrove.
Penggelondongan ikan bandeng di tambak dengan kepadatan berbeda
Authors: Leksono Puspito Dwi Cipto , Poniran Poniran
Published: November 2016

Abstrak lengkap dapat dibaca pada full. PDFkebutuhan benih gelondongan bandeng terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya usaha pembesaran bandeng ukuran umpan dan konsumsi.
TEKNIK PENANGKAPAN IKAN TILAN (Mastacembelus spp.) MEMAKAI ALAT TANGKAP TAJUR RENDAM (FISHING LINE) DI SUNGAI MUSI BAGIAN HILIR, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Burnawi Burnawi
Published: November 2016

Sungai Musi merupakan sungai terpanjang di Sumatera Selatan yang memiliki 2 anak sungai yang terbesar yaitu Sungai Komering, Sungai Ogan (Gaffar,1997). Karakteristik Limnologi Sungai Musi dibagi menjadi 3 wilayah yaitu wilayah hulu, tengah, dan hilir (Samuel et al., 2002). Sungai Musi bagian hilir sungai yang besar dan dalam dipengaruhi pasang surut air laut dan terdapat jenis ikan ekonomis penting seperti ikan tilan (Mastacembelus spp.), patin (Pangasius spp.), udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), betutu (Oxyleotris marmorata), baung (Mystus nemurus), dan lampam (Barbodes schwanenfeldii).
KOMPOSISI JENIS IKAN HASIL TANGKAPAN JARING INSANG HANYUT DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI LIAT, BANGKA
Authors: M. Rijal M. Rijal
Published: November 2016

Kabupaten Bangka merupakan salah satu daerah di kawasan propinsi terbaru Bangka Belitung menempatkan sektor kelautan dan perikanan sebagaiprioritas dalam arah pembangunan di samping sektor lain seperti pertambangan (timah) dan pertanian (lada). Kekayaan sumber daya laut diprediksi mempunyai potensi cukup besar dan layak dikembangkan untuk menopang perolehan devisa bagi pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Bangka. Secarageografis, wilayah perairan yang berbatasan langsung dengan perairan Laut Cina Selatan memiliki potensi produktivitas dan kelimpahan sumber daya yangcukup tinggi. Sebagai daerah eksploitasi, besar ketersediaan stok ikan di daerah ini belum diketahui secara pasti, walaupun estimasi potensi diduga tinggidengan tingkat pemanfaatan rendah. Hal ini, karena ketergantungan sumber data yang relatif terbatas. Berkaitan dengan rencana kegiatan pengkajian stoksumber daya perikanan di perairan Laut Cina Selatan, data primer di daerah Sungai Liat sangat penting untuk mendukung analisis pengkajian tersebut, karena di lokasi ini merupakan basis terbesar pendaratan ikan di Kabupaten Bangka. Sehubungan hal tersebut, maka pada tulisan ini akan diinformasikan hasil pengumpulan data primer yang diperoleh dari pengamatan kegiatan penangkapan ikan di laut bersama nelayan di perairan Sungai Liat.
TEKNIK ANALISIS AMONIA DI DANAU KENALI JAMBI METODE PHENATE
Authors: Sudrajat Agus
Published: November 2016

Suatu perairan yang mengalami pencemaran, maka kadar amonia tinggi. Nilai amonia harus di bawah 0,5 mg per l, sedangkan untuk keperluan air minum kadar amonia harus nol (Alaerts & Santika, 1984). Suatu perairan dengan kandungan amonia yang tinggi akan mengganggu pertumbuhan dan kehidupan ikan serta organisme lain.
TEKNIK PENANGKAPAN IKAN DENGAN JARING LINGKAR (PUKAT CINCIN) DI WADUK IR. H. DJUANDA
Authors: Mariyam Siti
Published: November 2016

Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda merupakan suatu badan air yang membendung Sungai Citarum, yang beroperasi sejak tahun 1967 dengan luas maksimal 83 km2 danluas lahan 4.500 km2. Fungsi dari Waduk Djuanda adalah untuk pembangkit listrik, irigasi wisata, dan sumber panghasilan nelayan dengan cara menangkap ikan. Kedalaman rata-rata 36,4 m dengan kedalaman maksimum 95 m. Berarti waduk ini tergolong perairan yang relatif luas dan cukup dalam (Tjahjo, 1986).
PENGAMATAN ISI PERUT IKAN KUNIRAN (Upheneus sulphureus) HASIL TANGKAPAN JARING ARAD DI PERAIRAN DEMAK, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Sukarniaty Sukarniaty
Published: November 2016

Ikan kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus) adalah merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang tertangkap dengan jaring arad. Jaring arad di perairan Demak digunakan untuk mencari atau menangkap udang. Jaring arad adalah jaring kantong (mini trawl) yang cara penangkapan dengan jalan di tarik oleh kapal (perahu) di dasar laut. Hasil tangkapan yang diperoleh di samping udang adalah ikan kuniran (Upeneussulphureus). Dengan demikian, ikan kuniran (Upeneus sulphureus) adalah termasuk salah satu ikan dasar (demersal) yang tertangkap di perairan Demak. Ikan kuniran dari spesies (Upeneus sulphureus) hasil tangkapan jaring arad di perairan Demak adalah seperti pada Gambar 1.
PENENTUAN LOKASI BUDI DAYA RUMPUT LAUT (Euchema spp.) BERDASARKAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN DI PERAIRAN KECAMATAN MORO, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Radiarta I Nyoman , Prihadi Tri Heru , Saputra Adang , Hariyadi Joni , Johan Ofri
Published: November 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi kelayakan perairan untuk budi daya rumput laut dengan menggunakan metode long line berdasarkan parameter lingkungan di perairan Kecamatan Moro Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Sebanyak 87 stasiun telah dikumpulkan selama survai lapangan pada bulan Agustus dan Oktober 2004. Data parameter lingkungan dan data penginderaan jauh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis dan multi kriteria analisis. Dari total potensial lokasi penelitian seluas 417 km2 (jarak 1 km dari garis pantai), kategori sangat layak di temukan di perairan sekitar Pulau Sugie dan Pulau Combol seluas 110 km2. Hasil verifikasi dari klasifikasi tingkat kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 44% dari budi daya yang ada menempati kategori sangat layak. Terdapat sekitar 6% yang menempati perairan dengan kategori tidak layak.This study was conducted to identify suitability site for seaweed culture using long line method based on environmental parameters in adjacent water of Moro Sub District, Riau Island Province. Field observation was primary data sources used in this study that was conducted on August and October 2000. Total of 87 sampling stations were collected during the field survey. Environmental data together with remote sensing data were analyzed using geographic information system and multi criteria analysis. The final result showed that from the total potential site of about 417 km2 (1 km buffer from coastline), area around Sugie Island and Combol Island (about 110 km2) were classified as highly suitable. The result has been verified with the existing seaweed aquaculture. About 44% of existing seaweed culture matched with highly suitable site and about 6% was located in unsuitable site.
VALIDASI LUAS LAHAN TAMBAK DI KABUPATEN PINRANG, PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS
Authors: Paena Mudian , Mustafa Akhmad , Hasnawi Hasnawi , Rachmansyah Rachmansyah
Published: November 2016

Keberhasilan budi daya tambak udang windu pada awal tahun 1990-an menyebabkan terjadinya pertambahan luas tambak yang cukup besar di Sulawesi Selatan termasuk di Kabupaten Pinrang. Untuk mendapatkan data perubahan luas dan luas tambak terkini di kabupaten tersebut maka dilakukan validasi luas tambak melalui pemanfaatan citra satelit. Citra satelit yang digunakan adalah Landsat-7 ETM+ akuisisi 2002 dan 2005 yang selanjutnya dilakukan klasifikasi. Sedangkan untuk data sebelumnya yaitu tahun 1991 digunakan peta rupabumi Indonesia yang didigitasi dan dilakukan analisis spasial dengan menggunakan SIG. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa luas tambak di Kabupaten Pinrang pada tahun 1991 adalah 7.490,805 ha dan meningkat pada tahun 2002 dan 2005 menjadi berturut-turut 13.366,086 ha dan 14.569,180 ha. Penambahan luas tambak di Kabupaten Pinrang sebagian besar berasal dari konversi sawah dan sebagian lagi berasal dari konversi penggunaan lahan lainnya yang ada di kawasan pesisir.The successful of tiger prawn culture in the brackish water pond in the early of 1990s to cause expansion of brackish water pond area in fairly large in South Sulawesi including Pinrang Regency. To find data of area changing and updating data of brackish water pond area in this regency, was conducted the validation brackish water pond area with satellite image. Satellite image which used was Landsat-7 ETM+ acquisition 2002 and 2005. Satellite image was classified, while the early data, in 1991, was used maps of rupabumi Indonesia that was digitized and conducted spatial analysis with GIS. The results of analysis show that brackish water pond area in Pinrang regency in 1991 was 7,490.805 ha and increased up to 13,366.086 ha and 14,569.180 ha in 2002—2005, respectively. The addition of brackish water ponds area in Pinrang Regency was mainly came from conversion of paddy field and it remaining was from the other land uses type of coastal zone.
PENGARUH INTENSITAS CAHAYA TERHADAP PEMANGSAAN LARVA IKAN CLOWN (Amphiprion ocellaris) PADA AWAL PEMELIHARAAN
Authors: Setiawati Ketut Maha , Imanto Philip Teguh , Kusumawati Daniar
Published: November 2016

Penelitian pemangsaan larva ikan clown (Amphiprion ocellaris) pada awal pemeliharaan dan umur sepuluh hari dilakukan menggunakan tangki serat kaca (fiberglass) volume 200 L. Pakan zooplankton rotifera disediakan sejak telur menetas dengan kepadatan 5 ind./mL. Mulai D-8 zooplankton nauplii Artemia ditambahkan dengan kepadatan 1.700 ind./tangki. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada umur 1 hari dan sepuluh hari, masing-masing 10 ekor larva/sampling dengan interval waktu 3 jam. Larva diukur kemudian dibedah dan dianalisis jumlah pemangsaaannya dengan bantuan stereoscopic microscope. Hasil analisis menunjukkan peranan intensitas cahaya dalam aktivitas pemangsaannya sebesar 5 individu rotifera dengan intensitas cahaya 70 lux pada pagi hari, sedang pemangsaan tertinggi terjadi pada pukul 13.00—16.00 dengan pemangsaan 57 individu rotifera pada saat intensitas cahaya menurun. Spektrum warna cahaya diduga lebih berperanan pada kemampuan maksimal memangsa dari larva ikan laut.Observation on feeding activity of clown fish (A. ocellaris) larvae have been conducted in 200 L. fiberglass tanks. Zooplankton rotifers were used as initial feed at a rate of 5 ind./mL. After eight days culture, nauplii Artemia were added at rate of 1,700 ind./ tank. Sampling was done on D-1 and D-10 at 10 individuals even sampling at three hours interval. The larvae were measured under a stereoscopic microscope, examining the digestion apparatus to count number of rotifers and nauplii Artemia as well. The result showed that the role of light intensity in feeding: 5 individual rotifer at 70 lux in early morning for D-1 larvae. The highest feeding occurred at 13.00-16.00 in the after noon at 57 individual rotifer when light intensity decreased. Color spectrum of light were predicted having more roles related to the maximum feeding rate  of clown fish larvae.
ISOLASI DAN KULTUR PROTOPLAS RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Suryati Emma , Tenriulo Andi , Mulyaningrum Sri Rejeki Hesti
Published: November 2016

Isolasi protoplas rumput laut K. alvarezii, telah dilakukan dalam rangka penyiapan protoplas untuk penyilangan melalui fusi protoplas. Metode yang digunakan antara lain melalui cara kimia dengan melisis tallus rumput laut dengan campuran enzim komersial, kemudian enzim yang berasal dari viscera keong mas baik yang segar maupun yang beku, dengan media kultur yang digunakan pada pemeliharaan makro algae antara lain Conwy, PES, dan air laut steril. Tallus rumput laut yang digunakan berasal dari bagian pangkal, tengah dan ujung. Protoplas yang hidup diuji menggunakan evans blue 0,1%, hormon perangsang tumbuh yang digunakan pada media pertumbuhan antara lain auxin, IAA, dan Kinetin. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah protoplas hidup, pertumbuhan, dan sintasan.  Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa enzim yang paling baik digunakan adalah campuran enzim komersial dengan media kultur Conwy dengan jumlah protoplas mencapai 19,8 x 106 sel/mL, bagian tallus yang paling baik adalah bagian pangkal berkisar antara 8,1x106 hingga 18,8 x 106 sel/ mL.  Perangsang tumbuh yang paling baik adalah auxin. Filamen terbentuk setelah 5 hari dengan fotoperiod L:D=12:12.Isolation of seaweed’s protoplast Kappaphycus alvarezii had been done to provide protoplast for crossbreeding purpose by protoplast fusion. The method was chemically done by lyses of tallus used commercial enzyme mixture, enzyme from viscera of snail both fresh and frozen, culture media were Conwy (CW), PES, and sterile sea water (SSW) which were used to maintain the macro algae. Part of used tallus were upper, middle and tip of tallus. The viable protoplast was examined by using 0.1% evans blue and the growth-stimulating hormone were auxin, IAA, and Kinetin. Observation was concerned to the amount of viable protoplast, the growth, and the long live. Result showed that the best enzyme was commercial enzyme mixture with Conwy as the best culture media, provided protoplast until 19.8 x 106 cell/mL. The greatest protoplast content was in upper part of tallus, it could provide protoplast about 8.1 x 106 cell/mL until 18.8 x 106 cell/mL, and the best growth-stimulating hormone was auxin. Filament was formed after 5 days with photoperiod L: D=12:12.
BUDI DAYA KARANG HIAS MENDUKUNG PERDAGANGAN KARANG HIAS YANG BERKESINAMBUNGAN
Authors: Johan Ofri , Hadie Wartono , Saputra Adang , Hariyadi Joni , Listyanto Nurbakti
Published: November 2016

Kegiatan budi daya karang hias di Indonesia perlu dilakukan untuk menjamin perdagangannya agar berjalan tanpa merusak keanekaragaman dan kondisi terumbu karang. Budi daya karang hias menggunakan rak berupa meja yang terbuat dari paralon PVC yang dinilai sangat ekonomis dan mudah diaplikasikan masyarakat lokal. Pengamatan pertumbuhan hanya dilakukan pada 1 rak masing-masing jenis karang yang dibudidayakan yaitu Acropora sp., Acropora formosa, Acropora humilis, Acropora millepora, Acropora nobilis, dan Seriatopora hystrix. Kegiatan dilakukan pada dua lokasi yaitu Pulau Simakakang-Mentawai, Sumatera Barat dan Gondol, Bali. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap dua bulan dan penelitian dilaksanakan selama 6 bulan. Hasil pengamatan diperoleh tingkat mortalitas pada lokasi Pulau Simakakang diperoleh 5,56% dari 36 sampel yang diukur dari 6 jenis karang dan 6 ulangan, pertambahan panjang jenis A. formosa 0,64 cm/bulan, lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan jenis A. millepora 0,58 cm/bulan dan jenis lain. Karang A. humilis memiliki laju perambatan pada substrat semen dan batang pengikat yang  lebih cepat dari jenis lain. Pada lokasi Gondol, Bali memiliki laju pertambahan panjang karang A. millepora lebih cepat (0,50 cm/bulan) dibandingkan dengan jenis A. tenuis (0,43 cm/bulan) dan jenis lain berkisar antara 0,21—0,39 cm/bulan.Tingkat kematian 3 koloni (7,1%) dari total 42 koloni yang disampling.The culture of ornamental coral is important to be conducted to guarantee the coral trade can be run well without giving impact to coral reef biodiversities and coral reef condition in Indonesia. This cultured using table using nets as a place which is made from PVC pipe. This method can minimize cost comparing with others materials as well as applicable for coastal community. One table can be placed 12 (3x4) substrate with a distance among others of 25 cm, then fragmented coral were tied to that substrates. This activity was carried out in two locations that were Simakakang Island, Mentawai, West Sumatera, and Gondol, Bali. The observation of mortality found that the one in Simakakang Island had 5.56% of 36 fragments of 6 species and of 6 replications, length growth of A. formosa was 0.64 cm/month, more rapid than the one of A. millepora (0,58 cm/month) and others species. A. humilis had encrusted to cement substrate, it was more rapid than the one in others species. Length growth rate of A. millepora in Gondol, Bali was more rapid (0.50 cm/month) than A. tenuis (0.43 cm/month), and others (0.21—0.39 cm/month). The mortality rate was 7.1% (3 colonies) from 42 colonies.
PEMBUATAN KULTUR SEL PRIMER DARI SIRIP EKOR IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Sumiati Tuti , Gardenia Lila , Sunarto Agus
Published: November 2016

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat kultur sel primer dari sirip ekor ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dan diberi nama common carp tail (CCT). Explant ditumbuhkan dalam cawan kultur (culture flask) ukuran 25 cm2 yang berisi media Leibovitz’s L-15 dengan penambahan serum 20%, Penicillin 250 IU, Streptomycin 250 µg/mL, Kanamycin Sulfate 250 µg/mL dan L-Glutamin 2 mM, serta diinkubasi pada suhu 28oC. Perbedaan perlakuan berupa waktu pergantian media dan konsentrasi media dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kultur sel primer. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa explant menunjukkan pertumbuhan sel setelah diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Pembentukan sel selapis (monolayer) mulai terlihat pada hari ke-4. Pasase pertama dilakukan pada hari ke-21 saat konfluensi mencapai 65%. Pasase selanjutnya dilakukan setiap 3 minggu di mana konfluensi mencapai 70%-80%. CCT terdiri atas sel berbentuk fibroblas dan epitel, dan berhasil dipasase sebanyak 12 kali selama lebih 2 tahun pemeliharaan.The objectives of this research were to develop primary cell from caudal fin of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and designate it as Common Carp Tail (CCT). The explants were maintained in 25 cm2 tissue culture flask containing Leibovitz’s L-15 medium supplemented with 20% Fetal bovine serum, 250IU Penicilline, 250 µg/mL Streptomycin, 250 µg/mL Kanamycin Sulphate and 2 mM L-Glutamin, and incubated at 28oC. Different concentrations of glutamine and media, and timing of media replacement were applied to establish primary cell culture. The result showed that explants produced cell outgrowth after 24 hours of incubation. Monolayer was first observed at day 4th. First passage was done at day 21st when the cells achieved 65% confluent. The subsequence passages were done every 3 weeks when the cells reached 70-80% confluent. CCT consisted of both fibroblast-like and epithelial-like cells, and has been passaged for 12 times for over 2 years.
APLIKASI METODE PCR YANG DIMODIFIKASI UNTUK KEPENTINGAN DIAGNOSA STREPTOCCOCIS
Authors: Novita Hessy , Gardenia Lila , Koesharyani Isti , Supriyadi Hambali , Aryati Yani
Published: November 2016

Bakteri merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit pada ikan selain parasit dan virus. Walaupun tidak menimbulkan kematian massal namun keberadaan penyakit bakterial sangat merugikan kegiatan budidaya ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh metode aplikasi yang mudah dan cepat untuk mendiagnosa penyakit bakterial khususnya yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Streptococcus iniae. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu: (1) Karakterisasi biokimia S. iniae. (2) Uji PCR menggunakan primer universal 16S rRNA dan primer spesifik LOX-1 dan LOX-2 S. iniae. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa isolat dari Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar (BRPBAT), Bogor dan isolat dari Laboratorium Riset Kesehatan Ikan (LRKI), Jakarta hasil uji PCR dengan 16S rRNA adalah positif sedangkan dengan primer LOX-1 dan LOX-2 hasilnya negatif untuk isolat S. iniae BRPBAT dan positif untuk isolat LRKI. Dengan uji PCR, diagnosa penyakit bakteri lebih cepat, spesifik, dan sensitif serta lebih akurat dibandingkan dengan karakterisasi secara biokimia yang membutuhkan waktu 2-3 hari untuk identifikasi.Bacterial diseases has become an important diseases that have to be faced by aquaculturist. Even though unlike parasites, viral and bacterial diseases have caused fish farmers suffered great losses. The aim of the research was to develop a rapid detection method for bacterial disease especially for detecting Streptococcus iniae. The research was done in several steps which were (1) Biochemical characterization (2) PCR assay using universal primer for S. iniae 16S rRNA and specific primer LOX-1 and LOX-2. The results showed that based on biochemical characterization, the isolate was belonged to S. iniae. PCR assay of isolate collected from the Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture (RIFA) Bogor and isolate from the Research Laboratory for Fish Health (RLFH) with 16S rRNA were positive. However, RIFA isolate  was negative and RLFH isolate was positive for S. iniae tested using LOX-1 and LOX-2. The PCR assays offers more faster, specific, sensitive and accurate in identifying bacterial diseases compared to biochemical characterization that needs up to 3 days or more for bacterial identification.
KARAKTERISTIK GENETIK POPULASI TIRAM MUTIARA (Pinctada margaritifera) TERKAIT DENGAN DISTRIBUSI GEOGRAFISNYA DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA
Authors: Susilowati Rini , Sumantadinata Komar , Soelistyowati Dinar Tri , Sudradjat Achmad
Published: November 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memetakan keragaman genetik lima populasi tiram mutiara di Indonesia (Sumbawa, Bali Utara, Selat Sunda, Belitung, Sulawesi Selatan) dengan teknik mtDNA RFLP daerah amplifikasi Cytochrome Oxydase I (COI) dan hubungan kekerabatannya. Lima puluh tiram mutiara (Pinctada margaritifera) yang dianalisis menghasilkan DNA teramplifikasi sebesar 750 pb pada daerah COI mtDNA dengan teknik RFLP. Delapan belas komposit haplotipe terdeteksi dengan menggunakan tiga enzim restriksi: FokI, HaeIII, dan NlaIV. Diversitas haplotip rata-rata sebesar 0,255±0,093. Lima populasi tiram mutiara menghasilkan tiga kelompok dengan jarak genetik terendah adalah populasi Sumbawa dan Bali Utara (0,017) dan terjauh adalah populasi Sulawesi Selatan (0,142). Populasi Sulawesi Selatan merupakan populasi unik berdasarkan distribusi haplotipe BBCAA (60%) dengan nilai keragaman genetik terendah (0,105) dibandingkan dengan populasi lainnya (0,177-0,328).The objectives of this study were to map the genetic diversity of five populations of pearl oyster in Indonesian waters using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of DNA COI gene and their genetic relationships. A total of 50 individual of pearl oysters (Pinctada margaritifera) were analyzed for genetic variations within a 750-base pair region of the mitochondrial DNA COI gene using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 18 composite haplotypes were detected following three digestions of endonuclease: FokI, HaeIII, and NlaIV. Five populations of pearl oysters formed three groups where the lowest values of Nei’s genetic distance were among Sumbawa and North Bali populations (0.017) and highest were among the South Sulawesi populations (0.142). The South Sulawesi populations possess uniqueness based on the haplotipe distribution of BBCAA (60%) with the lowest values of genetic diversities (0.105) compared to other populations (0.177--0.328).
KELIMPAHAN COPEPODA (ORDO: CALANOIDA) DI TELUK PEGAMETAN, BALI UTARA
Authors: Sumiarsa Gede S. , Nugraha Media Fitri Isma
Published: November 2016

Pengamatan kelimpahan spesies copepoda, ordo Calanoida di Teluk Pegametan, Bali telah dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2007. Teluk Pegametan adalah salah satu wilayah yang potensial untuk budidaya laut yang terletak di bagian barat Laut Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi spesies-spesies copepoda dari ordo Calanoida yang hidup di perairan Teluk Pegametan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 10 stasiun sampling dengan metode sampling secara horizontal pada permukaan laut. Plankton net berdiameter 31 cm dengan ukuran mesh 40 mm ditarik sepanjang 10 meter dengan menggunakan speed boat di sekitar stasiun pengamatan. Sampel diawetkan dengan formalin 4% untuk diidentifikasi. Dari hasil pengamatan di sepuluh stasiun terdapat 14 spesies copepoda ordo Calanoida yaitu: Acrocalanus gracilis, Calanus minor, C. sinicus, C. tenuicornis, Centropoges abdominalis, Eucalanus attenuatus, Haloptilus longicornis, Lucicutia curta, L. flavicornis, Parvocalanus crassirostris, Pseudocalanus gracilis, Rinchalanus cornutus, Scolecithricella minor, dan Temora turbinata. Spesies dominan adalah Calanus sinicus dengan proporsi 65,6% dari jumlah individu yang dijumpai.Observation on the abundance of copepod species (order: Calanoida) in Pegametan Bay has been conducted in April 2007. Pegametan Bay is located on the North West of Bali and is one of several potential areas for mariculture. The purpose of this study was to find out the abundance of copepod (Order: Calanoida) in the bay. Research sampling was conducted in 10 sampling points where planktons were collected using plankton net of 40 µm mesh size with diameter of 31 cm dragged horizontally on the sea water surface as far as 10 m each. Samples were preserved in 4% formalin for identification.  There were 14 species of Calanoida copepod species found during the research: Acrocalanus gracilis, Calanus minor, C. sinicus, C. tenuicornis, Centropoges abdominalis, Eucalanus attenuatus, Haloptilus longicornis, Lucicutia curta, L. flavicornis, Parvocalanus crassirostris, Pseudocalanus gracilis, Rinchalanus cornutus, Scolecithricella minor, and Temora turbinata. Dominant species was Calanus sinicus constituting 65.8% of the total Calanoida abundance.
EFEKTIVITAS MINERAL KALSIUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN YUWANA UDANG GALAH (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)
Authors: Hadie Lies Emmawati , Hadie Wartono , Prihadi Tri Heru
Published: November 2016

Pertumbuhan udang galah dibatasi oleh kulitnya yang bersifat tidak elastis, karena terdiri atas khitin. Agar udang galah tumbuh dengan baik, maka harus ada unsur mineral dalam pakannya. Salah satu mineral yang bersifat esensial adalah mineral kalsium. Kalsium mempunyai fungsi dalam pembentukan tulang, jaringan lunak, proses regulasi dalam tubuh, dan menjaga keseimbangan asam basa. Oleh karena peran penting dari kalsium tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai efek mineral kalsium dalam ransum pakan udang galah terhadap pertumbuhannya. Hewan uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuwana udang galah dengan kisaran bobot 56,0 ± 3,0 mg. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah kalsium 1,0%; 3,0%; 5,0%; 7,0%; dan 0,0% sebagai kontrol. Setiap perlakuan mendapat 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kadar kalsium dalam ransum pakan sangat mempengaruhi laju pertumbuhan harian udang galah (P<0,05). Kadar kalsium yang optimal dalam ransum pakan udang galah adalah sebesar 3,46%.The growth of giant prawn is limited by a non elastic material called chitin, which is a limiting factor in its growth. Feed containing mineral is needed to improve its growth. One of the essential minerals is calcium. The function of calcium is essential in bone and soft tissue formations, acid balancing, and regulation processes in the body. Because of its benefits, the research on the calcium effect on giant prawn was conducted. The aims of this study was to know the effect of calcium on the growth rate of giant prawn juvenile. Test animals were juveniles of giant prawn with average weight of 56.0 ± 3.0 mg. Research design employed complete randomized design with five calcium mineral treatments as follows:1.0%, 3.0%, 5.0%, 7.0%, and 0.0% as control. Each treatment has three replications. The result showed that calcium affected the daily growth rate of giant prawn (P<0.05). The calcium dosage of 3.46% is the optimum level for giant prawn juvenile.
Collective work and team dynamics in an innovative multi-cohort community health course for pharmacy students in Montreal
Authors: David Pierre-Marie , Motulsky Aude , Robitaille Caroline , Cortes-Vargas Daniel , Leclerc Gilles , Beauchesne Marie-France , Collin Johanne
Published: November 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. This article aims at describing and analysing the way in which pharmacy students work together in the context of an innovative course on community health. The article uses content analysis of two focus groups held in 2015 with 14 students from the Faculty of Pharmacy at the Université de Montréal. The course included the problematisation, design and completion of an intervention project, and offered an interesting lens to explore team-based learning and project-based learning. More specifically, this article allows us to describe and understand the ways students collaborate together: collective work, task distribution, applied work strategies and their justifications. This study also allowed to discuss factors both limiting and promoting the development of skills to work in a team, the specific added value of a community health course for developing skills associated with teamwork for future health professionals. Finally, the pharmacist's community role as health professional seems to be revealed and even reinforced by completing such a course. Indeed, this course allows for the learning of fundamental values of professionalism for students, such as leadership, equality and responsibility.
Investigations of Glucocorticoid Action in GN
Authors: Kuppe Christoph , van Roeyen Claudia , Leuchtle Katja , Kabgani Nazanin , Vogt Michael , Van Zandvoort Marc , Smeets Bart , Floege Jürgen , Gröne Hermann-Josef , Moeller Marcus J.
Published: November 2016

For several decades, glucocorticoids have been used empirically to treat rapid progressive GN. It is commonly assumed that glucocorticoids act primarily by dampening the immune response, but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we inactivated the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) specifically in kidney epithelial cells using Pax8-Cre/GRfl/fl mice. Pax8-Cre/GRfl/fl mice did not exhibit an overt spontaneous phenotype. In mice treated with nephrotoxic serum to induce crescentic nephritis (rapidly progressive GN), this genetic inactivation of the GR in kidney epithelial cells exerted renal benefits, including inhibition of albuminuria and cellular crescent formation, similar to the renal benefits observed with high-dose prednisolone in control mice. However, genetic inactivation of the GR in kidney epithelial cells did not induce the immunosuppressive effects observed with prednisolone. In vitro, prednisolone and the pharmacologic GR antagonist mifepristone each acted directly on primary cultures of parietal epithelial cells, inhibiting cellular outgrowth and proliferation. In wild-type mice, pharmacologic treatment with the GR antagonist mifepristone also attenuated disease as effectively as high-dose prednisolone without the systemic immunosuppressive effects. Collectively, these data show that glucocorticoids act directly on activated glomerular parietal epithelial cells in crescentic nephritis. Furthermore, we identified a novel therapeutic approach in crescentic nephritis, that of glucocorticoid antagonism, which was at least as effective as high-dose prednisolone with potentially fewer adverse effects.
Beneficial Effects of Myo-Inositol Oxygenase Deficiency in Cisplatin-Induced AKI
Authors: Dutta Rajesh K. , Kondeti Vinay K. , Sharma Isha , Chandel Navdeep S. , Quaggin Susan E. , Kanwar Yashpal S.
Published: November 2016

Overexpression of the proximal tubular enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) induces oxidant stress in vitro. However, the relevance of MIOX to tubular pathobiology remains enigmatic. To investigate the role of MIOX in cisplatin-induced tubular AKI, we generated conditional MIOX-overexpressing transgenic (MIOX-TG) mice and MIOX-knockout (MIOX−/−) mice with tubule-specific MIOX overexpression or knockout, respectively. Compared with cisplatin-treated wild-type (WT) mice, cisplatin-treated MIOX-TG mice had even greater increases in urea, creatinine, and KIM-1 levels and more tubular injury and apoptosis, but these effects were attenuated in cisplatin-treated MIOX−/− mice. Similarly, MIOX-TG mice had the highest and MIOX−/− mice had the lowest renal levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and NADPH oxidase-4 expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation after cisplatin treatment. In vitro, cisplatin dose-dependently increased ROS generation in LLC-PK1 cells. Furthermore, MIOX overexpression in these cells accentuated cisplatin-induced ROS generation and perturbations in the ratio of GSH to oxidized GSH, whereas MIOX-siRNA or N-acetyl cysteine treatment attenuated these effects. Additionally, the cisplatin-induced enhancement of p53 activation, NF-κB binding to DNA, and NF-κB nuclear translocation in WT mice was exacerbated in MIOX-TG mice but absent in MIOX−/− mice. In vitro, MIOX-siRNA or NAC treatment reduced the dose-dependent increase in p53 expression induced by cisplatin. We also observed a remarkable influx of inflammatory cells and upregulation of cytokines in kidneys of cisplatin-treated MIOX-TG mice. Finally, analysis of genomic DNA in WT mice revealed cisplatin-induced hypomethylation of the MIOX promoter. These data suggest that MIOX overexpression exacerbates, whereas MIOX gene disruption protects against, cisplatin-induced AKI.
Kidney Tubular Ablation of Ocrl/Inpp5b Phenocopies Lowe Syndrome Tubulopathy
Authors: Inoue Kazunori , Balkin Daniel M. , Liu Lijuan , Nandez Ramiro , Wu Yumei , Tian Xuefei , Wang Tong , Nussbaum Robert , De Camilli Pietro , Ishibe Shuta
Published: November 2016

Lowe syndrome and Dent disease are two conditions that result from mutations of the inositol 5-phosphatase oculocerebrorenal syndrome of Lowe (OCRL) and share the feature of impaired kidney proximal tubule function. Genetic ablation of Ocrl in mice failed to recapitulate the human phenotypes, possibly because of the redundant functions of OCRL and its paralog type 2 inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5B). Germline knockout of both paralogs in mice results in early embryonic lethality. We report that kidney tubule–specific inactivation of Inpp5b on a global Ocrl–knockout mouse background resulted in low molecular weight proteinuria, phosphaturia, and acidemia. At the cellular level, we observed a striking impairment of clathrin-dependent and -independent endocytosis in proximal tubules, phenocopying what has been reported for Dent disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding endosomal proton-chloride exchange transporter 5. These results suggest that the functions of OCRL/INPP5B and proton-chloride exchange transporter 5 converge on shared mechanisms, the impairment of which has a dramatic effect on proximal tubule endocytosis.
SOBRE LA METODOLOGÍA DOCENTE EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE DERECHO DEL TRABAJO Y DE LA SEGURIDAD SOCIAL EN EL MARCO DEL ESPACIO EUROPEO DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Fernández-Costales Muñiz Javier
Published: November 2016

Abstract.Teacher, throughout his college career, will face different choices and problems, most of which are given in advance by the usual defects of university education itself, among others, issues such an overwhelming number of students, teaching and inadequate knowledge control methods, facts often accentuated with the advent and implementation of new models of teaching degree. Pathways which provides the college professor to overcome these problems and achieve the targets set in their teaching are varied. In this context, attention is this exhibition will focus on the importance of the subject of Labour Law and Social Security and how to develop your explanation in those studies content and legal implications.Keywords: teaching, classes, methodology, employment law, education, learning.Resumen.El docente, a lo largo de su trayectoria universitaria, deberá hacer frente a distintas elecciones y problemas, la mayoría de los cuales vienen dados de antemano por los defectos habituales de la propia enseñanza universitaria, entre otros, cuestiones como un agobiante número de alumnos, métodos didácticos y de control de conocimientos inadecuados, hechos que se acentúan en muchas ocasiones con la aparición e implantación de los nuevos modelos de enseñanza de Grado. Las vías de las cuales dispone el profesor universitario para superar dichos problemas y alcanzar los objetivos fijados en su docencia son variados. En este contexto, la atención se esta exposición se centrará en la importancia de la asignatura Derecho del Trabajo y de la Seguridad Social y la forma de desarrollar su explicación en aquéllos estudios de contenido y trascendencia jurídica. Palabras clave: enseñanza, clases, metodología, derecho del trabajo, educación, aprendizaje.