bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial literacy and data analysis impacts on business sustainability
Authors: Albert Gomes
Published: January 2025

Financial literacy and data analysis have emerged as critical drivers of business sustainability in an increasingly complex and competitive global economy. This study explores the interplay between financial literacy and data analytics, examining their combined impact on enhancing profitability, operational resilience, and long-term sustainability. Financial literacy equips business leaders with the knowledge and skills to make informed decisions, manage resources effectively, and mitigate financial risks. Meanwhile, data analysis provides actionable insights that bridge gaps in financial decision-making, enabling businesses to forecast trends, optimize operations, and adapt to dynamic market conditions. By integrating these capabilities, organizations can foster a culture of data-driven decision-making that enhances resource efficiency and supports sustainable growth. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing quantitative surveys and secondary data analysis to evaluate the relationship between financial literacy and data analytics in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The findings highlight actionable strategies for improving financial literacy, adopting analytics tools, and overcoming barriers to integration. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of financial literacy and data analytics synergy and offers practical recommendations for fostering sustainability in modern business practices.
Biodiversity of Benthic Macroinvertebrates and water quality as a tool to the ecological study of three forest streams in the littoral zone (Cameroon)
Authors: Ndourwe Far Bolivar  , Edioh Pem Frederic  , Fosso Kengne Loraine Priscillia  , Mogue Kamdem Gwladis  , Betsi Noel Christiane Wifreid  , Gwos Nhiomock Serge Roger  , Foto Menbohan Samuel  , Zébazé Togouet Serge Hubert
Published: January 2025

A study of the community dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates in relation to physicochemical water quality was conducted from December 2022 to December 2023 in the Lepp-Nyock, Ndog-Bissolo, and Ngwei streams within the tropical littoral forest area of the Guinean Gulf (Edéa). Physicochemical analyses were performed and Benthic Macroinvertebrate identified following classical method.

The results indicate that those waters are well-oxygenated (73.72±12.48%), slightly acidic (pH 6.87±0.42 CU) and contain very low concentrations of nitrogen compounds and heavy metals (0.29±0.28 mg/l Cu, 0.8±0.54 mg/l Zn, 0.45±0.27 mg/l Mn, 1.32±0.47 mg/l Fe, 0.81±0.38 mg/l Al, 0.18±0.2 mg/l Cd, and 0.49±0.52 mg/l Cr). Biological analysis revealed a total of 8,699 Benthic Macroinvertebrates belonging to 4 Phyla, 5 Classes, 12 Orders, 55 Families and 117 Genera. Arthropods were the most abundant, accounting for 86.67% of the total, with the insect Class (86,56%) being dominant (8 Orders, 42 Families, and 68 Genera). Gastropods (13,27%) were the second most abundant group, represented by 2 Orders, 5 Families, and 16 Genera. The Atyidae family was particularly dominant within the benthic community, with Caridina africana identified as the most prevalent species.

The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') and Piélou equitability index (J) indicated low taxonomic diversity, while the Organic Pollution Index (OPI) suggested a less disturbed environment. Together, these findings reflect the good ecological quality of the water in the studied streams.
A literary study of avedhya sira W.S.R to urdhvajatrugata avedhya sira
Authors: Deepika Uniyal  , Govind Malik  , Dipali P Nijwante
Published: January 2025

The concept of Avedhya Sira, as delineated in classical Ayurvedic texts, represents a significant aspect of Ayurvedic anatomy, emphasizing non-puncturable vessels crucial for the sustenance of life. Among these, the Urdhvajatrugata Avedhya Sira, located in the head and neck region, plays a vital role in safeguarding sensory and motor functions, alongside the protection of Marma points. These structures correlate closely with modern anatomical entities such as carotid arteries, jugular veins, and cranial nerves. This literary study delves into the ancient descriptions of Urdhvajatrugata Avedhya Sira, drawing correlations with contemporary anatomical structures to underline their clinical relevance. The study explores the Ayurvedic classification of Sira, their physiological functions, and their embryological origins, establishing their importance in preventing injury that could lead to irreversible consequences such as sensory loss or neurological deficits. Integrating classical wisdom with modern science, this research contributes to a holistic understanding of head and neck anatomy and informs safer medical and surgical practices.
Carpal tunnel syndrome due to a giant lipoma: A case report an review of the literature
Authors: Khalil SAHBANI  , Anass ABAYDI  , Jihad RADI  , Kamal LAHRACH  , Fawzi BOUTAYEB
Published: January 2025

Lipomas are very rarely localized to the hand and commissures. We report a case of a giant lipoma of the first commissure that had been evolving for 10 years in a 60-year-old woman with signs of carpal tunnel. The mass was removed en bloc without damage to vascular, neural or tendinous elements. Post-operative management was straightforward, and the patient recovered good mobility in her hand and fingers.
Peran Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat untuk Pelestarian Hutan Bukit Daun, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong
Authors: Oktoyoki Hefri , Mardiana Surya , Ihza Yoandha Audritama , Abidin M. Yusril , Ansiska Paisal
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran pendidikan dalam upaya pelestarian hutan di desa-desa sekitar Hutan Lindung Bukit Daun di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Provinsi Bengkulu. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran yang menggabungkan survei kuantitatif dan wawancara kualitatif, penelitian ini mengevaluasi dampak program pendidikan formal dan informal terhadap kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelestarian hutan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa program pendidikan berbasis komunitas secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam upaya pelestarian. Pendidikan formal di sekolah juga berperan dalam membentuk sikap konservasi di kalangan generasi muda, meskipun efektivitasnya masih terbatas tanpa dukungan dari pendidikan berbasis komunitas. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi pendidikan lingkungan ke dalam kurikulum lokal serta penguatan kapasitas para pemangku kepentingan untuk mendukung pelestarian hutan yang berkelanjutan.
Dampak Kesenjangan Pendidikan di Kawasan Dusun Mange-Mange Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat
Authors: Rosely Merti Seska , Wagola Santri Aulia , Makulua Izak Jakobis
Published: January 2025

Kesenjangan pendidikan merupakan salah satu tantangan utama yang dihadapi daerah pedesaan di Indonesia, termasuk Desa Mangge-Mangge di Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat (SBB). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kesenjangan pendidikan terhadap masyarakat Desa Mangge-mangge. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam studi ini dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesenjangan pendidikan berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat literasi, kurangnya keterampilan kerja, terbatasnya peluang ekonomi, serta lambatnya pembangunan sosial di desa. Artikel ini juga memberikan rekomendasi untuk mengurangi kesenjangan pendidikan melalui intervensi kebijakan, peningkatan fasilitas pendidikan, dan pelatihan keterampilan berbasis komunitas.
Urgensi Pembelajaran Geografi dalam Perencanaan Projek Pelajar Pancasila Berbasis Mitigasi Bencana: Penguatan Pengetahuan dan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan
Authors: Asep Asep , Nugroho Cahyadi , Amelia Hutri Rizki
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan kebencanaan merupakan hal penting terutama bagi negara seperti indonesia. Pendidikan kebencanaan diimplementasikan salah satu melalui pembelajaran geografi, pembelajarn geografi tersedia pendidikan mitigasi bencana sebagai arah dalam pembentukan karakter peduli lingkungan dan lainya. salah satu bentuk implementasi yakni melalui projek pelajar pencasila Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kajian teoritis yang bertujuan untuk menegaskan pentingnya pembelajaran geografi dalam mendukung implementasi projek pelajar pancasila. Metodologi kajian teoritis merupakan pendekatan yang berfokus pada penelaahan, analisis, dan sintesis literatur serta teori-teori yang relevan untuk membangun kerangka konseptual yang kuat dalam suatu penelitian Pembelajaran geografi memiliki peran yang sangat krusial dalam memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang risiko bencana yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia, Implementasi Projek Pelajar Pancasila merupakan inisiatif strategis yang bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Pancasila ke dalam pendidikan sehari-hari, sehingga membentuk karakter siswa yang berintegritas, berdaya saing, dan mampu berkontribusi positif bagi bangsaimplementasi Projek Pelajar Pancasila merupakan upaya untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang tidak hanya fokus pada pencapaian akademis, tetapi juga pada pembentukan karakter dan keterampilan hidup yang esensial. Oleh karenanya dalam pengembangan projek pancasila berbasis pada pembelajaran geografi diperlukan kreativitas dalam perencanaan, pelekasnaan, dan evaluasi pembelajaran.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Limau Kuit (Citrus hystrix DC) Sebagai Insect Growth Regulator terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti
Authors: Wydiamala Erida , Ananda Gusti Marethasanda Syifa , Biworo Agung
Published: January 2025

Demam dengue (DD) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Nyamuk Aedes aegypti merupakan vektor utama dari penyebaran penyakit ini. Pencegahan terhadap penyakit demam dengue ini dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai macam cara, salah satunya adalah Insect Growth Regulator (IGR). IGR adalah salah satu senyawa kimia yang mengganggu siklus hidup nyamuk dengan mempengaruhi proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya sehingga tidak akan menjadi nyamuk dewasa. Daun limau kuit mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder minyak atsiri, flavonoid, saponin, steroid dan terpenoid yang memiliki aktivitas menghambat pertumbuhan serangga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas esktrak etanol daun limau kuit sebagai IGR terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni dengan post test only with control grup design, terdiri dari 4 kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi esktrak etanol daun limau kuit konsentrasi (0,1%; 0,13%; 0,2%; dan 0,4%) dan 2 kelompok kontrol yaitu kontrol positif (pyriproxyfen 0,025 %) dan kontrol negative (akuades) dengan pengulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Inhibition Emerge (IE) Adult 100% pada semua konsentrasi perlakuan (0,1%; 0,13%; 0,2% dan 0,4%). Hasil uji Mann-whitney terdapat signifikan p<0,05 antara kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi dengan kelompok control positif (pyriproxyfen 0,025 %). Perbandingan kelompok konsentrasi dengan kontrol negatif didapatkan hasil signifikan p<0,05. Kesimpulan ekstrak daun limau kuit (Citrus hystrix DC) efektif sebagai IGR terhadap nyamuk Ae. aegypti tidak setara dengan pyriproxyfen 0,025
Employing social media in building academic brands of the UAE’s universities: A comparative analysis
Authors: Jiang Shujun , Tahat Khalaf , El Gody Ahmed , Al Mansoori Ahmed
Published: January 2025

This paper studied the United Arab Emirates universities’ social media branding strategies based on an investigation of their performances on Twitter. Content analysis was conducted to examine universities’ tweet topics, image subjects, languages, and engagement features. The effectiveness of strategies is investigated by analyzing audience engagement metrics. We also compared social media strategies between private and public universities. Results indicated a discrepancy between universities’ branding efforts, audience preferences on social media, and different strategies between public and private universities. The study offered insights into how academic institutions can optimize the use of social media platforms in building their reputation amid intense competition locally and globally.
Use of dietary supplements among lactating women in western Algeria
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Djillali Liabes University of Sidi-Bel-Abbès, Algéria, BAYAZID Amina , MELIANI Kheira , LEBAINI Meriem
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Supplementation during breastfeeding (BF) has a significant impact on the health of lactating women and their children. However, this topic remains poorly documented in Algeria. Objective. To characterize the use of dietary supplements among BF women. Subjects and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire among 510 BF women in the city of Sidi-Bel-Abbès (Algeria). Results. This study showed that almost half (49%) of BF women took dietary supplements. The most commonly reported micronutrients were vitamin B6 (41.8%), vitamin B12 (36.3%), vitamin C (33.7%), iron (28.4%), magnesium (28.0%), and zinc (30.0%). The intake rates of vitamins B1, B2, B9, E, D, iodine, and omega-3 ranged from 10% to 25%, while those of vitamins A, B3, B5, B8, and calcium were below 9%. Nearly 80% of these products were purchased on prescription or on the advice of a health professional. One-third of women reported using dietary supplements to address nutritional deficiencies, while 29.3% used them to increase milk supply. The majority of these women took dietary supplements for less than 9 months. Some women believed that dietary supplements could replace dietary nutrients and that they had no negative health effects. Several factors, such as age, professional status, education level, urbanicity, household income, health insurance, health status, weight status, type of breastfeeding, use of dietary supplements during pregnancy, and physical activity, were associated with the use of dietary supplements. Conclusion. Collecting data on the consumption of dietary supplements among breastfeeding women is an essential step in documenting current trends to better understand their motivations and behaviour. These data can guide future awareness-raising actions regarding the use of dietary supplements during breastfeeding.
Feasibility Analysis of Self-Owened Cayale Cayle Farming During The Rainy Season
Authors: Sari Sarita Indah Sari , Lada Tri Hadi Sumitra Lada , Lili Lili , Babaro Elza Aprilista Dara Babaro
Published: January 2025

Cayenne pepper is a type of horticulture that is very popular with the public. Demand for cayenne peppers in each region continues to increase, especially in Ngabang District, by 1.30% - 1.58% during 2022. This research aims to: (1) analyze the costs and income of cayenne pepper farming during the rainy season (2) analyze feasibility of farming cayenne pepper during the rainy season (3) analyzing pests and diseases. The data collection method used a questionnaire, with the number of respondents being 12 independent farmers. The collected data was then analyzed quantitatively descriptively. The results of the research show that: (1) The production costs of cayenne pepper farming during the rainy season in Jelau Belangiran Hamlet, Ngabang District are IDR 16,814,500 per hectare/planting season and the income is IDR 18,185,000 per hectare/planting season; (2) The R/C ratio and B/C ratio values of cayenne pepper farming during the rainy season in Jelau Belangiran Hamlet, Ngabang District are 2.08 and 1.08 so that cayenne pepper farming during the rainy season in Jelau Belangiran Hamlet, Ngabang District is feasible. to strive for; (3) pests and diseases faced by farmers when farming cayenne pepper during the rainy season, namely stem rot and fruit rot.
Income Analysis of Chili Pepper Farming
Authors: Wantoro Bambang Hadi , Jumiati Jumiati , Akbar Akbar
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cost of cayenne pepper cultivation in Balassuka village, Tombolo Pao district, Gowa regency, to analyze the production and income of chili pepper cultivation in Balassuka village, Tombolo Pao district, Gowa regency, and to analyze the economic viability of chilli cultivation. In Balassuka Village, Tombolo Pao District, Gowa Regency. A random sample of 31 respondents was used in this study. The informants were cayenne pepper growers. The data collection techniques used were interviews and observation and analysis through qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The results of the study show that the cultivation of cayenne pepper in Balassuka Village, Tombolo Pao District, Gowa Regency is feasible in the forecast period. The income from cayenne pepper cultivation in Balassuka Village, Tombolo Pao District, Gowa Regency averages IDR 7,640,204,600 per hectare per season and the profit is IDR. Rs. 7 126 501 850. These results show a positive value, so it can be said that the farmer's income level is quite high.
Citronella Farm Business Partnership Strategy
Authors: Irene Kartika Eka Wijayanti  , Zulkifli Lutfi , Tatang Widjojoko  , Alpha Nadeira Mandamdari  , Rifki Andi Novia  , Sunendar  , Syahrul Ganda
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to provide a new strategy for establishing a business partnership in citronella cultivation in Kedungrandu Village, Patikraja District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The study methodology uses SWOT analysis for identifying both internal and external factor. The internal factors comprise four strengths and three weaknesses. The external factors encompass four opportunities and two potential threats. The use of SWOT analysis factors provides eight strategies, which will be evaluated using the AHP analysis instrument to determine the strategic priorities for the citronella farming business partnership in Patikraja District.
Concordance of Prenatal Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Classification of Corpus Callosum Dysplasia
Authors: Peng Hui , Chen Xi , Zou Xuejin , Song Yan , Cheng Chunlan , Zhang Jianli
Published: January 2025

Background: Prenatal ultrasound has always been difficult to classify fetal corpus callosum abnormalities. This paper aims to evaluate the added value of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to ultrasound in detecting fetal corpus callosum anomalies and the consistency of the classification of prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for corpus callosum anomalies. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of fetuses with abnormal cavum septi pellucidi who had ultrasonography and MRI in utero in Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Wenjiang District Maternal in China and Child Health Hospital from January 2018 to December 2023. Fetal corpus callosum anomalies are classified according to the severity of the findings. The classification results of MRI were used as the diagnostic criteria. The findings detected on ultrasound (US) were compared to those detected on MRI. and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing corpus callosum anomalies. The Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency of prenatal ultrasound and MRI in the classification of corpus callosum anomalies. Results: Of the 203 cases of fetuses with abnormal cavum septi pellucidi, 143 cases (70.4%) were normal, 34 cases (16.7%) had complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, and 18 cases (8.9%) had partial agenesis of the corpus callosum. Eight cases (3.9%) had dysplasia of the corpus callosum. The area under the ROC curve of prenatal ultrasound for the diagnosis of corpus callosum anomalies was 0.840 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.782–0.888), the sensitivity was 75.00%, and the specificity was 93.01%, The positive likelihood ratio was 10.7 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.3. Prenatal ultrasonography and MRI had moderate concordance in the classification of corpus callosum anomalies (Kappa = 0.673, p < 0.001). The concordance was good in diagnosing complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (Kappa = 0.862, p < 0.001), while the concordance was moderate in diagnosing partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (Kappa = 0.643, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Prenatal ultrasonography is accurate and effective in the diagnosis of corpus callosum anomalies. Magnetic resonance imaging can provide more information in the classification of corpus callosum anomalies and the diagnosis of neurologic complications. The MRI should be combined with ultrasonographic transverse, midsagittal, and coronal views to evaluate the classification of corpus callosum anomalies.
High Cesarean Section Rates during Labor Induction in Low Risk, Late-Term Cephalic Pregnancies in a Tertiary Centre
Authors: Erkal Neslihan , Kaba Metin , Akpinar Mayir Yeliz , Isik Eryilmaz Fatma Elif
Published: January 2025

Background: The cesarean section rate is high in countries such as Türkiye, Egypt, and Brazil. The aims of this study were to determine whether the cesarean section rate during labor induction is high in late-term cephalic pregnancies and to evaluate the related factors. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted with 254 patients with a cephalic fetal presentation who were admitted in the labor unit of a tertiary center for induction of labor (IOL) at ≥41 0/7 weeks of gestation. The patients were evaluated in terms of demographic characteristics, Bishop score, labor induction method (dinoprostone or oxytocin administration), IOL duration, vaginal delivery rate, cesarean section rate, indication for cesarean delivery, 5-min Apgar score, fetal requirement for neonatal resuscitation, oxygen treatment, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Results: The study population comprised 254 patients, of whom 181 (71.3%) had a vaginal delivery and 73 (28.7%) had a cesarean delivery. To evaluate the factors that affect labor induction failure and cesarean indication, the patients were divided into two groups: the nulliparous (n: 122) and multiparous (n: 132). The cesarean section rates in the nulliparous and multiparous groups were 44.3% (n: 54/122) and 14.4% (n: 19/132), respectively. According to the multivariate logistic regression, being nulliparous, having a male fetus were found to be the associated risk factors for cesarean delivery (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The study results suggest that the cesarean section rate during labor induction is higher in low-risk, late-term cephalic pregnancies. Nulliparity, male fetal sex were risk factors for cesarean delivery.
Comparison of the Efficacies of Sacrospinous Ligament Fixation and Laparoscopic Lateral Suspension in the Treatment of Apical Prolapse: 24-Month Follow-Up Results
Authors: Yurtcu Engin , Keyif Betul , Sarigedik Burcu , Basbug Alper , Tinelli Andrea
Published: January 2025

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) significantly impacts the quality of life, particularly in older women with a history of vaginal deliveries. Although conservative treatments provide some symptom relief, surgical interventions are more effective for managing POP. This study compares the outcomes and effectiveness of sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) and laparoscopic lateral suspension (LLS) surgeries in the treatment of POP. Methods: This retrospective comparative cohort study included patients with symptomatic stage 2 or higher apical POP, treated at a tertiary hospital in Turkey between April 2021 and June 2022. Patients were treated with either SSLF or LLS surgeries and underwent preoperative and postoperative evaluations using the Prolapse Quality of Life (P-QoL) questionnaire and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12). Patients were divided into two groups: SSLF (n = 47) and LLS (n = 44). The primary outcome was the rate of anatomical failure, while secondary outcomes included improvements in functional capability and quality of life. Results: The study found that the rate of postoperative anterior compartment failure was significantly lower in the LLS group compared to the SSLF group (p = 0.005). The success rate of LLS for apical prolapse was 100%, compared to 93.6% for SSLF. In the posterior compartment, SSLF demonstrated a higher success rate (86.2%) than LLS (68.5%). Both procedures improved P-QoL scores and the PISQ-12 subscales; however, a significant improvement in total PISQ-12 scores was observed only in the LLS group (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Both SSLF and LLS are effective in treating POP and enhancing quality of life. However, LLS demonstrated higher success rates for anterior and apical prolapse, while SSLF was more effective in addressing in posterior compartment defects.
Efficacy of Prophylactic Cerclage in Women with a Single History of Mid-Trimester Pregnancy Loss with Painless Cervical Dilation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tezuka Atsuko , Tsuda Hiroyuki , Ito Yumiko , Ando Tomoko
Published: January 2025

Background: Recently, serial ultrasound assessment of cervical length has been proposed as an alternative management of history-indicated cerclage. To investigate the efficacy of prophylactic cerclage among women who had previously experienced mid-trimester pregnancy loss by comparing the outcomes between women who chose history-indicated cerclage and those who chose serial ultrasound assessment. Methods: We examined the medical records of women who delivered at our hospital between 2010 and 2018 and extracted cases with a history of mid-trimester pregnancy loss between 14 and 25 weeks' gestation. We compared the women with and without history-indicated cerclage. For women who choose expectant management, cervical length was assessed by transvaginal ultrasound every two weeks, and ultrasound-indicated cerclage was performed. The primary outcome was preterm birth before 28 or 34 weeks. Results: The study criteria were met by 63 women; among these, 28 had received history-indicated cerclage. The incidence of preterm birth at 28 and 34 weeks was similar between the two groups. However, among the 30 women who experienced painless cervical dilation at prior pregnancy loss, history-indicated cerclage showed significant low preterm birth rate compared with expectant management: 2/22 (9.1%) vs. 4/8 (50.0%) at <28 weeks (p = 0.029) and showed a lower preterm birth rate: 3/22 (13.6%) vs. 4/8 (50.0%) at <34 weeks (p = 0.06). Conclusions: History-indicated cerclage can be considered in women with a history of mid-trimester pregnancy loss who experience painless cervical dilation.
Clinical Value of Renal Function Markers Combined with Blood Lipid Levels during Late Pregnancy to Predict Preeclampsia: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Jindi , Wang Pei , Liu Jie
Published: January 2025

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a common complication of pregnancy and there is currently a lack of valuable diagnostic and predictive methods for it. This study aimed to explore the association between renal function markers, blood lipid levels in late pregnancy and PE, then assess the combined predictive value for PE. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study that selected 263 eligible patients in late pregnancy diagnosed with PE as the case group and 264 healthy parturients as the control group. All participants were hospitalized from January 2021 to December 2023. The levels of serum renal function [creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA) and urea] and blood lipid [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)] were compared between two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between these indicators and PE. Then the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of them for PE. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the PE group had significantly higher levels of TG, Cr, UA, and urea than the control group [3.56 (3.01–4.38) mmol/L vs. 2.98 (2.50–3.42) mmol/L, 54.00 (47.00–62.00) μmol/L vs. 46.00 (42.00–51.00) μmol/L, 367.00 (305.50–425.00) μmol/L vs. 278.00 (244.00–306.00) μmol/L, 3.50 (2.75–4.40) mmol/L vs. 2.90 (2.60–3.55) mmol/L respectively]. Multivariable analysis showed that the serum TG [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.827 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.277–2.615)], Cr [AOR = 1.066 (95% CI = 1.028–1.106)] and UA [AOR = 1.016 (95% CI = 1.011–1.022)] were risk factors for PE (p < 0.001). ROC curves revealed that areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.703 (95% CI = 0.658–0.747), 0.734 (95% CI = 0.691–0.777) and 0.822 (95% CI = 0.786–0.857) respectively. The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of the combination of TG, Cr and UA were 0.864 (95% CI = 0.833–0.896), 76.4%, and 84.8%. Conclusions: The increased levels of serum TG, Cr and UA imply greater possibility of PE, thus they are considered as the risk factors. And their combination has a certain predictive value for PE, which may offer a fresh, convenient and efficient method for the diagnosis and treatment of PE.
Fetal Bradyarrhythmias: A Comprehensive Update on Current Knowledge
Authors: Albrecht Maria Elisa Martini , Teixeira Larissa Keren de Azevedo , Araujo Júnior Edward , Bravo-Valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Granese Roberta
Published: January 2025

Objective: This review aims to improve the accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound diagnosis of fetal bradyarrhythmias. Fetal arrhythmias represent 10% to 20% of referrals to specialized clinics for the evaluation of fetal heart rhythm abnormalities Mechanism: Various methods are available for assessing fetal heart rhythm through ultrasound and fetal echocardiography, which facilitate accurate diagnosis and help determine the optimal management strategies. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques, the absence of studies with a substantial number of cases has resulted in significant variability in treatment approaches, influenced by local expertise and available resources. Findings in Brief: Fetal bradycardias can be transient or persistent conditions. Differentiating between them is critical for determining appropriate management. Second-trimester physiological transient bradycardia is characterized by temporary decelerations in fetal heart rate that resolve spontaneously to normal rhythm without requiring treatment or follow-up. In contrast, isolated or immune-mediated complete atrioventricular block may progress rapidly to hydrops, requiring close monitoring, medical intervention, and, in some cases, early delivery. Conclusion: In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of all types of fetal bradycardias and the intrauterine management strategies used for their treatment.
Plant Colonization by Biocontrol Bacteria and Improved Plant Health: A Review
Authors: Riseh Roohallah Saberi , Fathi Fariba , Vazvani Mozhgan Gholizadeh , Tarkka Mika Tapio
Published: January 2025

The use of biological control agents is one of the best strategies available to combat the plant diseases in an ecofriendly manner. Biocontrol bacteria capable of providing beneficial effect in crop plant growth and health, have been developed for several decades. It highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the colonization mechanisms employed by biocontrol bacteria to enhance their efficacy in plant pathogen control. The present review deals with the in-depth understanding of steps involved in host colonization by biocontrol bacteria. The colonization process starts from the root zone, where biocontrol bacteria establish initial interactions with the plant’s root system. Moving beyond the roots, biocontrol bacteria migrate and colonize other plant organs, including stems, leaves, and even flowers. Also, the present review attempts to explore the mechanisms facilitating bacterial movement within the plant such as migrating through interconnected spaces such as vessels or in the apoplast, and applying quorum sensing or extracellular enzymes during colonization and what is needed to establish a long-term association within a plant. The impacts on microbial community dynamics, nutrient cycling, and overall plant health are discussed, emphasizing the intricate relationships between biocontrol bacteria and the plant’s microbiome and the benefits to the plant’s above-ground parts, the biocontrol 40 bacteria confer. By unraveling these mechanisms, researchers can develop targeted strategies for enhancing the colonization efficiency and overall effectiveness of biocontrol bacteria, leading to more sustainability and resilience.
The Role of Sulfatides in Liver Health and Disease
Authors: Chen Lin , Elizalde Montserrat , Alvarez-Sola Gloria
Published: January 2025

Sulfatides or 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide are negatively charged sulfated glycosphingolipids abundant in the brain and kidneys and play crucial roles in nerve impulse conduction and urinary pH regulation. Sulfatides are present in the liver, specifically in the biliary tract. Sulfatides are self-lipid antigens presented by cholangiocytes to activate cluster of differentiation 1d (CD1d)-restricted type II natural killer T (NKT) cells. These cells are involved in alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD) and ischemic liver injury and exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the activity of pro-inflammatory type I NKT cells. Loss of sulfatides has been implicated in the chronic inflammatory disorder of the liver known as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC); bile ducts deficient in sulfatides increase their permeability, resulting in the spread of bile into the liver parenchyma. Previous studies have shown elevated levels of sulfatides in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where sulfatides could act as adhesive molecules that contribute to cancer metastasis. We have recently demonstrated how loss of function of GAL3ST1, a limiting enzyme involved in sulfatide synthesis, reduces tumorigenic capacity in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells. The biological function of sulfatides in the liver is still unclear; however, this review aims to summarize the existing findings on the topic.
The Impact of Modifiable Risk Factors on the Endothelial Cell Methylome and Cardiovascular Disease Development
Authors: Sum Hashum , Brewer Alison C.
Published: January 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prevalent cause of mortality and morbidity in the Western world. A common underlying hallmark of CVD is the plaque-associated arterial thickening, termed atherosclerosis. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the aetiology of atherosclerosis remain unknown, it is clear that both its development and progression are associated with significant changes in the pattern of DNA methylation within the vascular cell wall. The endothelium is the major regulator of vascular homeostasis, and endothelial cell dysfunction (ED) is considered an early marker for atherosclerosis. Thus, it is speculated that changes in DNA methylation within endothelial cells may, in part, be causal in ED, leading to atherosclerosis and CVD generally. This review will evaluate the extensive evidence that environmental risk factors, known to be associated with atherosclerosis, such as diabetes, metabolic disorder, smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia etc. can affect the methylome of the endothelium and consequently act to alter gene transcription and function. Further, the potential mechanisms whereby such risk factors might impact upon the activities and/or specificities of the epigenetic writers and erasers which determine the methylome [the DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs) and Ten Eleven translocases (TETs)] are considered here. Notably, the TET proteins are members of the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily which require molecular oxygen (O2) and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as substrates and iron-2+ (Fe II) as a cofactor. This renders their activities subject to modulation by hypoxia, metabolic flux and cellular redox. The potential significance of this, with respect to the impact of modifiable risk factors upon the activities of the TETs and the methylome of the endothelium is discussed.
Ferroptosis: A New Pathway in the Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Jian Junjie , Wei Jun
Published: January 2025

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neuronal damage. Recent advancements highlight a novel interaction between iron-dependent cell death, known as ferroptosis, and gut microbiota, which may significantly influences the pathophysiology of MS. Ferroptosis, driven by lipid peroxidation and tightly linked to iron metabolism, is a pivotal contributor to the oxidative stress observed in MS. Concurrently, the gut microbiota, known to affect systemic immunity and neurological health, emerges as an important regulator of iron homeostasis and inflammatory responses, thereby influencing ferroptotic pathways. This review investigates how gut microbiota dysbiosis and ferroptosis impact MS, emphasizing their potential as therapeutic targets. Through an integrated examination of mechanistic pathways and clinical evidence, we discuss how targeting these interactions could lead to novel interventions that not only modulate disease progression but also offer personalized treatment strategies based on gut microbiota profiling. This synthesis aims at deepening insights into the microbial contributions to ferroptosis and their implications in MS, setting the stage for future research and therapeutic exploration.
Hydroxyapatite Chitosan Gradient Pore Scaffold Activates Oxidative Phosphorylation Pathway to Induce Bone Formation
Authors: Zhang Zeliang , Shang Wei , Lin Lisong
Published: January 2025

Background: In this study, we prepared a porous gradient scaffold with hydroxyapatite microtubules (HAMT) and chitosan (CHS) and investigated osteogenesis induced by these scaffolds. Methods: The arrangement of wax balls in the mold can control the size and distribution of the pores of the scaffold, and form an interconnected gradient pore structure. The scaffolds were systematically evaluated in vitro and in vivo for biocompatibility, biological activity, and regulatory mechanisms. Results: The porosity of the four scaffolds was more than 80%. The 50% and 70% HAMT-CHS scaffolds formed an excellent gradient pore structure, with interconnected pores. Furthermore, the 70% HAMT-CHS scaffold showed better anti-compressive deformation ability. In vitro experiments indicated that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility, promoted the expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, and activated the oxidative phosphorylation pathway to promote bone regeneration. Eight weeks after implanting the HAMT-CHS scaffold in rat skull defects, new bone formation was observed in vivo by micro-computed tomographic (CT) staining. The obtained data were statistically analyzed, and the p-value < 0.05 was statistically significant. Conclusion: HAMT-CHS scaffolds can accelerate osteogenesis in bone defects, potentially through the activation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. These results highlight the potential therapeutic application of HAMT-CHS scaffolds.
HP1 Promotes the Centromeric Localization of ATRX and Protects Cohesion by Interfering Wapl Activity in Mitosis
Authors: Zhang Erchen , Peng Lei , Yuan Kejia , Ding Zexian , Yi Qi
Published: January 2025

Background: α thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) serves as a part of the sucrose nonfermenting 2 (SNF2) chromatin-remodeling complex. In interphase, ATRX localizes to pericentromeric heterochromatin, contributing to DNA double-strand break repair, DNA replication, and telomere maintenance. During mitosis, most ATRX proteins are removed from chromosomal arms, leaving a pool near the centromere region in mammalian cells, which is critical for accurate chromosome congression and sister chromatid cohesion protection. However, the function and localization mechanisms of ATRX at mitotic centromeres remain largely unresolved. Methods: The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats with CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system and overexpression approaches were employed alongside immunofluorescence to investigate the mechanism of ATRX localization at the centromere. To study the binding mechanism between ATRX and heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1), both full-length and truncated mutants of hemagglutinin (HA)-ATRX were generated for co-immunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase (GST)-pull assays. Wild-type ATRX and HP1 binding-deficient mutants were created to investigate the role of ATRX binding to HP1 during mitosis, with the Z-Leu-Leu-Leu-al (MG132) maintenance assay, cohesion function assay, and kinetochore distance measurement. Results and Conclusions: Our research demonstrated that HP1α, HP1β, and HP1γ facilitate the positioning of ATRX within the mitotic centromere area through their interaction with the first two [P/L]-X-V-X-[M/L/V] (PxVxL)motifs at the N-terminus of ATRX. ATRX deficiency causes aberrant mitosis and decreased centromeric cohesion. Furthermore, reducing Wapl activity can bypass the need for ATRX to protect centromeric cohesion. These results provide insights into the mechanism of ATRX's centromeric localization and its critical function in preserving centromeric cohesion by reducing Wapl activity in human cells.
ERK1/2 Inhibition Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Fatty Acid Metabolism
Authors: McLean Erin , Roo Caroline De , Maag Annabel , Coble Megan , Cano Jefferson , Liu Ruijie
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with morphological and functional impairment of the heart primarily due to lipid toxicity caused by increased fatty acid metabolism. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) have been implicated in the metabolism of fatty acids in the liver and skeletal muscles. However, their role in the heart in diabetes remains unclear. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 alleviates cardiac remodeling in diabetic mice through a reduction in fatty acid metabolism. Methods: ERK1/2 phosphorylation in diabetes was determined both in vitro and in vivo. H9C2 cells were subjected to high glucose, high palmitic acid, or both high glucose and palmitic acid. db/db and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were analyzed for ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels as well as the effects of U0126 treatment on cardiac remodeling. Administration of STZ and U0126 in mice was performed via intraperitoneal injection. Blood glucose levels in mice were measured using a glucometer. Mouse heart total RNAs were purified for reverse transcription. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression was performed for hypertrophy (ANF, BNP, and βMHC), fibrosis (Col3α1), and fatty acid metabolism genes (PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS). Interstitial fibrosis of the myocardium was analyzed using Masson’s trichrome staining of the paraffin-embedded tissues. Results: ERK1/2 phosphorylation was significantly increased in diabetic conditions. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0126 in both streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of genes associated with hypertrophy and fibrosis. In contrast, elevated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in Dusp6/8 knockout (DKO) mice resulted in fibrosis. Mechanistically, ERK1/2 activation enhanced the expression of fatty acid metabolism genes PPARα, CPT1A, and FACS in the heart, which was reversed by U0126 treatment. Conclusion: ERK1/2 are potential therapeutic targets for diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating fatty acid metabolism in the heart.
The Formation and Features of Massive Vacuole Induced by Nutrient Deficiency in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells
Authors: Sun Dakang , An Xinye , Cheng Yanli
Published: January 2025

Background: Cellular vacuolization is a commonly observed phenomenon under physiological and pathological conditions. However, the mechanisms underlying vacuole formation remain largely unresolved. Methods: LysoTracker Deep Red probes and Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein-tagged light chain 3B (LC3B) plasmids were employed to differentiate the types of massive vacuoles. By confocal microscopy, lysosome-like massive vacuoles (LysoTracker Deep Red+), autophagosome-like massive vacuoles (LC3B-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP+)), and autolysosome-like massive vacuoles (LC3B-EGFP+ LysoTracker Deep Red+) in starved HEK293T cells were observed. Results: In this study, we demonstrated that nutrient deficiency can induce the formation of massive vacuoles that appear highly electron-lucent in HEK293T cells. Additionally, these massive vacuoles, resulting from nutrient depletion, can originate from various organelles, including small vacuoles, autophagosomes, lysosomes, and autolysosomes. We found that massive vacuoles could form through two primary mechanisms: the accumulation of small vacuoles into larger vacuoles or the fusion of homogeneous or heterogeneous vacuoles. Further analysis revealed that the membranes of massive vacuoles, regardless of origin, were composed of a bilayer membrane structure. As the volume of the massive vacuoles increased, the cytoplasm and nucleus were displaced toward the periphery of the cells, leading to the formation of signet ring-like cells. Interestingly, we provided evidence that complete massive vacuoles or autophagosome-like massive vacuoles can be released and exist independently outside HEK293T cells. Conclusions: Nutrient deprivation induces the formation of heterogeneous, massive vacuoles in human embryonic kidney cells, some of which contribute to the development of signet ring cells, while others lead to extracellular vacuole formation.
The Efficiency of Chitosan Against Tert Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)-Induced Neurobehavioral Changes and Toxicity Effects in Male Rats
Authors: Alahmadi Shahad , Alanazi Mohammed Mufadhe , Alasmari Fawaz , Al-Qahtani Wedad Saeed , Albasher Gadah
Published: January 2025

Background: We investigated chitosan’s protective effects against tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)-induced toxicity in adult male rats, focusing on cognitive functions and oxidative stress in the brain, liver, and kidneys. Methods: Rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/group): (1) Control, (2) Chitosan only, (3) TBHQ only, and (4) Chitosan + TBHQ. Results: TBHQ exposure led to significant cognitive impairments and increased oxidative stress, marked by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. Behavioral tests, including the Morris Water Maze (MWM) as well as Passive Avoidance Learning (PAL) tasks, confirmed memory and learning deficits in the TBHQ group. Histopathological analysis showed damage in the brain, liver, and kidney tissues of TBHQ-exposed rats. Chitosan treatment significantly mitigated these effects, reducing oxidative stress markers and preserving tissue integrity. These findings suggest that chitosan’s antioxidant properties may provide a therapeutic benefit against TBHQ-induced neurotoxicity and organ damage. Conclusions: These findings suggest that chitosan exerts potent neuroprotective effects, potentially through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and could serve as a therapeutic agent against TBHQ-induced toxicity.