bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ThERESA: Three-dimensional Eclipse Mapping with Application to Synthetic JWST Data
Authors: Challener Ryan C. , Rauscher Emily
Published: February 2022

Spectroscopic eclipse observations, like those possible with the James Webb Space Telescope, should enable 3D mapping of exoplanet day sides. However, fully flexible 3D planet models are overly complex for the data and computationally infeasible for data-fitting purposes. Here, we present ThERESA, a method to retrieve the 3D thermal structure of an exoplanet from eclipse observations by first retrieving 2D thermal maps at each wavelength and then placing them vertically in the atmosphere. This approach allows the 3D model to include complex thermal structures with a manageable number of parameters, hastening fit convergence and limiting overfitting. An analysis runs in a matter of days. We enforce consistency of the 3D model by comparing the vertical placement of the 2D maps with their corresponding contribution functions. To test this approach, we generated a synthetic JWST NIRISS-like observation of a single hot-Jupiter eclipse using a global circulation model of WASP-76b and retrieved its 3D thermal structure. We find that a model that places the 2D maps at different depths depending on latitude and longitude is preferred over a model with a single pressure for each 2D map, indicating that ThERESA is able to retrieve 3D atmospheric structure from JWST observations. We successfully recover the temperatures of the planet’s day side, the eastward shift of its hot spot, and the thermal inversion. ThERESA is open source and publicly available as a tool for the community.
Velocities of an Erupting Filament
Authors: Wang Shuo , Jenkins Jack M. , Muglach Karin , Martinez Pillet Valentin , Beck Christian , Long David M. , Choudhary Debi Prasad , McAteer James
Published: February 2022

Solar filaments exist as stable structures for extended periods of time before many of them form the core of a coronal mass ejection (CME). We examine the properties of an erupting filament on 2017 May 29–30 with high-resolution He i 10830 Å and Hα spectra from the Dunn Solar Telescope, full-disk Dopplergrams of He i 10830 Å from the Chromospheric Telescope, and EUV and coronograph data from SDO and STEREO. Pre-eruption line-of-sight velocities from an inversion of He i with the HAZEL code exhibit coherent patches of 5 Mm extent that indicate counter-streaming and/or buoyant behavior. During the eruption, individual, aligned threads appear in the He i velocity maps. The distribution of velocities evolves from Gaussian to strongly asymmetric. The maximal optical depth of He i 10830 Å decreased from τ = 1.75 to 0.25, the temperature increased by 13 kK, and the average speed and width of the filament increased from 0 to 25 km s−1 and 10 to 20 Mm, respectively. All data sources agree that the filament rose with an exponential acceleration reaching 7.4 m s−2 that increased to a final velocity of 430 km s−1 at 22:24 UT; a CME was associated with this filament eruption. The properties during the eruption favor a kink/torus instability, which requires the existence of a flux rope. We conclude that full-disk chromospheric Dopplergrams can be used to trace the initial phase of on-disk filament eruptions in real time, which might potentially be useful for modeling the source of any subsequent CMEs.
Star Formation Triggered by the Expanding Bubble S111
Authors: Mookerjea Bhaswati
Published: February 2022

This paper investigates the impact of radiative and mechanical feedback from O-type stars on their parent molecular clouds and the triggering of formation of a future generation of stars. We study the infrared bubble S111 created by the embedded massive stellar cluster G316.80–0.05. A significant fraction of gas in shells created due to the compression of the ambient medium by expanding bubbles is photodissociated by the stellar radiation. The kinematics of the shells are thus best studied using spectroscopic observations of singly ionized carbon, the most dominant species. We have used velocity-resolved maps of the 2P3/2 → 2P1/2 transition of [C ii] at 158 μm, the J = 2–1 transition of 13CO and C18O, and the J = 1–0 transition of HCO+ to study the rim of the bubble S111 that partly coincides with the southern part of the infrared dark ridge G316.75. The [C ii] spectra conclusively show evidence of a shell expanding with a moderate velocity of ∼7 km s−1, which amounts to a kinetic energy that is ∼0.5–40 times the thermal energy of the H ii region. The pressure causing the expansion of the H ii region arises mainly from hydrogen ionization and dust-processed radiation. Among the far-infrared sources located in compressed shells, we find the core G316.7799–0.0942 to show broad spectral features consistent with outflow activity and conclude that it is a site of active star formation. Based on the age of the H ii region we conclude that this expanding H ii region is responsible for triggering the current star formation activity in the region.
Faire Autrement
Authors: Blostin Corinne , O’Shea Noreen , Vergati Samanta
Published: February 2022

L’entretien retrace le chemin parcouru par Samanta Vergati pour créer et gérer son entreprise Altrimenti 1 , en réinventant le rôle que le genre joue au niveau entrepreneurial et managérial dans cette aventure. Elle montre comment une vision plus égalitaire du concept et des pratiques relationnelles associées, peuvent conduire à la mise en œuvre de nouvelles façons d’être, de penser et de faire en tant que femme entrepreneur opérant dans une entreprise respectueuse du climat et gérée de manière inclusive.
Document de formalisation des valeurs au travail : une analyse des dynamiques d’appropriation par les outils de gestion dans un contexte international
Authors: Saleh Yasmine , Antheaume Nicolas
Published: February 2022

Malgré les arguments qui soulignent son influence limitée sur les comportements ou sa volonté excessive de contrôle, le document de formalisation des valeurs au travail (DFVT) persiste dans les entreprises multinationales de manière étonnante. Nous proposons d’élucider le paradoxe de la persistance du DFVT en l’assimilant à un outil de gestion (Hatchuel & Weil, 1992) et en appréhendant ses interaction avec les acteurs à travers la théorie de l’appropriation (De Vaujany, 2006). En nous appuyant sur une étude de cas, nous montrons comment l’introduction du DFVT agit sur les relations entre les acteurs impliqués compte-tenu du contexte organisationnel d’appropriation. Les apports théoriques et managériaux de cette recherche sont enfin discutés.
Éducation familiale et préscolaire des jeunes enfants réfugiés somaliens en Suède : le point de vue des professionnels
Authors: Doucet-Dahlgren Anne-Marie
Published: February 2022

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude sur la socialisation des jeunes enfants somaliens réfugiés en Suède. Ils sont issus d’une recherche-action européenne portant sur le soutien à la parentalité de familles vulnérables et sur la rencontre entre le milieu familial et le milieu éducatif préscolaire. Des entretiens auprès de professionnels exerçant en jardin d’enfants multiculturel ont été conduits. Ils mettent en lumière la question des spécificités des compétences professionnelles. Sont analysées les caractéristiques d’une éducation multi-culturelle (Banks, 2014), touchant les familles somaliennes et leur adéquation avec les orientations du programme préscolaire suédois.
Breaking Social Network Analysis in Organizational and Interpersonal Communication
Authors: Kiarie Caroline , Jones Nicola J.
Published: February 2022

Often we hear that human beings are social creatures who interact with one another. In organizations, employees communicate with one another using both formal and informal networks, but top management are unable to observe and manage these networks. This chapter addresses how social network analysis theory and computational social science can be combined to visualize and map out the relationship structures. The chapter seeks to address how the theory, which is commonly associated with mathematics and sociology disciplines can be used in communication since the research is hardly visible. It breaks down some aspects of the theory and describes another two theories that have developed from it. Finally, for illustration, the chapter applied R Studio software to compute the social structures within a media organization and help realize the benefit of theory in knowledge sharing and employee synergy.
Hyperbolicity of $T$(6) cyclically presented groups
Authors: Chinyere Ihechukwu , Williams Gerald
Published: February 2022

We consider groups defined by cyclic presentations where the defining word has length 3 and the cyclic presentation satisfies the

T

(6) small cancellation condition. We classify when these groups are hyperbolic.When combined with known results, this completely classifies the hyperbolic

T

(6) cyclically presented groups.
The Effect of Peppermint Essential Oil and Nisin on Listeria monocytogenes Inoculated in Minced Meat of Silver Carp
Authors: Jangi Afsaneh Nouri , Dooghikalaei Ebrahim Alizadeh , Eskandani Majid Alipour
Published: February 2022

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important food-borne pathogenic bacteria and now its control is the most important challenge in food industry plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of peppermint essential oil and Nisin in controlling the growth of L. monocytogenes in minced meat of silver carp in the first, L. monocytogenes bacteria (3log/g) were inoculated to minced meat of silver carp, then peppermint essential oil (0/005 to 4%) and Nisin (2.5 to 70 μg/g) were added to samples separately as well as in various concentrations in order to inhibit of L. monocytogenes bacteria. L. monocytogenes was counted in 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, and 21 days during storage refrigerator. The results showed that in the separate concentration, adding 4 % of peppermint essential oil and 40 μg/g of Nisin on minced meat of silver carp were effective. On the other hand, the combination of 0.5 % peppermint essential oil and 40 μg/g of Nisin had excellent inhibitory effects on the growth of L. monocytogenes. Therefore, the results indicated that peppermint essential oil and Nisin could be used as a natural preservative in controlling and inhibiting of L. monocytogenes bacteria.
Production and Quality Assessment of Value-added Fast Foods by Using Low-cost Fish in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Shoriful , Islam MD. Jahirul , Famous Mustasim , Hossain Mohammad Amzad , Khan Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to increase the perception of low-priced aquaculture fish by value addition and to evaluate the sensory, nutritional, and microbial quality of resulting products. Thai-Pangus was used as raw materials to prepare value added products such as fish ball, fish burger and fish singara and it was formulated by adding different ingredients with fish minced followed by cooking. Proximate composition of the prepared value-added products was determined to assess the nutritional quality. A panel of 10 members conducted sensory assessments of the products. Standard plate count method was used to estimate bacterial count. The highest moisture (65.29±0.38) and crude lipid (7.91±0.24) percentage were reported in fish ball, while highest (crude protein (19.13±0.37) percentage was estimated in fish burger (P<0.05). There was no significant (P<0.05) difference in ash content of the products. In both room and refrigerated storage temperatures, the bacterial count of all the products increased significantly as the storage time increased. Initial sensory scores of all fresh products were maximum but with the progress of storage period all the sensory qualities of the products were decreased especially at room temperature. However, refrigerated temperature (4°C) kept all the products' quality stable.
The Mitochondrial Genome of the Freshwater Crab Potamon fluviatile, the First Sequenced Representative of the Subfamily Potaminae and Its Phylogenetic Position within Potamidae
Authors: Vella Adriana , Vella Noel
Published: February 2022

This paper reports the mitogenome of Potamon fluviatile collected from the Maltese islands, representing the first such study on species from the subfamily Potaminae. The mitogenome was analysed through next-generation sequencing and annotated. The genome was found to contain 37 genes that include 13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and a non-coding region. The gene order was compared to that of other Potamidae species, while protein coding and rRNA genes were used to evaluate the phylogenetic position of Potamon with other species of freshwater crabs. This study contributes to the genetic resources available for the genus Potamon.
Review of Smart Hospital Services in Real Healthcare Environments
Authors: Kwon Hyuktae , An Sunhee , Lee Ho-Young , Cha Won Chul , Kim Sungwan , Cho Minwoo , Kong Hyoun-Joong
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Smart hospitals involve the application of recent information and communications technology (ICT) innovations to medical services; however, the concept of a smart hospital has not been rigorously defined. In this study, we aimed to derive the definition and service types of smart hospitals and investigate cases of each type. Methods: A literature review was conducted regarding the background and technical characteristics of smart hospitals. On this basis, we conducted a focus group interview with experts in hospital information systems, and ultimately derived eight smart hospital service types.Results: Smart hospital services can be classified into the following types: services based on location recognition and tracking technology that measures and monitors the location information of an object based on short-range communication technology; high-speed communication network-based services based on new wireless communication technology; Internet of Things-based services that connect objects embedded with sensors and communication functions to the internet; mobile health services such as mobile phones, tablets, and wearables; artificial intelligence-based services for the diagnosis and prediction of diseases; robot services provided on behalf of humans in various medical fields; extended reality services that apply hyper-realistic immersive technology to medical practice; and telehealth using ICT. Conclusions: Smart hospitals can influence health and medical policies and create new medical value by defining and quantitatively measuring detailed indicators based on data collected from existing hospitals. Simultaneously, appropriate government incentives, consolidated interdisciplinary research, and active participation by industry are required to foster and facilitate smart hospitals.
Analysis of the Effects of Electronic Medical Records and a Payment Scheme on the Length of Hospital Stay
Authors: Likka Melaku Haile , Kurihara Yukio
Published: February 2022

Objectives: This study analyzed the effects of computerization of medical information systems and a hospital payment scheme on medical care outcomes. Specifically, we examined the effects of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) and a diagnosis procedure combination/per-diem payment scheme (DPC/PDPS) on the average length of hospital stay (ALOS).Methods: Post-intervention changes in the monthly ALOS were measured using an interrupted time-series analysis.Results: The level changes observed in the monthly ALOS immediately post-DPC/PDPS were –1.942 (95% confidence interval [CI], –2.856 to –1.028), –1.885 (95% CI, –3.176 to –0.593), –1.581 (95% CI, –3.081 to –0.082) and –2.461 (95% CI, –3.817 to 1.105) days in all ages, <50, 50–64, and ≥65 years, respectively. During the post-DPC/PDPS period, trends of 0.107 (95% CI, 0.069 to 0.144), 0.048 (95% CI, –0.006 to 0.101), 0.183 (95% CI, 0.122 to 0.245) and 0.110 (95% CI, 0.054 to 0.167) days/month, respectively, were observed. During the post-EMR period, trends of –0.053 (95% CI, –0.080 to –0.027), –0.093 (95% CI, –0.135 to –0.052), and –0.049 (95% CI, –0.087 to –0.012) days/month were seen for all ages, 50–64 and ≥65 years, respectively.Conclusions: The increasing post-DPC/PDPS trends offset the decline in ALOS observed immediately post-DPC/PDPS, and the observed ALOS was longer than the counterfactual at the end of the DPC/PDPS study periods. Conversely, due to the downward trend seen after EMR introduction, the actual ALOS at the end of the EMR study period was shorter than the counterfactual, suggesting that EMRs might be more effective than the DPC/PDPS in sustainably reducing the LOS.
Signs of YHWH, God of the Hebrews, in New Kingdom Egypt?
Authors: Shalomi Hen Racheli
Published: February 2022

This paper offers some observations on the meaning the Egyptians may have assigned to the name YHWA/YHA/YH, which is attested in lists of toponyms inscribed on temple walls dated to the time of the New Kingdom (1550-1069 BCE), and in a personal name of one owner of a Book of the Dead papyrus from around the same time. The paper examines the occurrences of names of Canaanite gods in Egyptian transcription, with special attention to orthography, through which it sheds new light on the Egyptian understanding of the name YHWA/YHA/YH.
Environmental Vision of Saijaâ€™s Characters in the Kelomang Novel by Qizink La Aziva
Authors: Subagiyo Ghulamin Khalim , Yuniawan Tommi
Published: February 2022

In the current literary realm, literary texts that present natural destruction events implicitly or explicitly are called apocalyptic literature. The main characteristic of apocalyptic literature is the emergence of characters who have heroic characters. The Kelomang novel written by Qizink La Aziva was chosen because it is one of the novel texts that does not only make the environment the setting, but also makes the environment a part of the story. The story in the Kelomang novel is characterized by apocalyptic. This study aims to find the environmental vision of Saija's character in the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva. This study uses an ecocritical approach to apocalyptic literature. The data source of this research is the text of the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva published by PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama in Jakarta in 2016. The data in this study is a text fragment of the Kelomang novel by Qizink La Aziva which allegedly contains Saija's environmental vision. The result of this research is that Saija has a vision of the environment to save the environment from the increasingly severe impacts of environmental damage, especially in his area, namely Banten.
Consolidación de los productos de madera de la organización social Alianza Selva Maya, Quintana Roo con la aplicación de herramientas de márquetin
Authors: Pérez Jorge Antonio Torres , Trujillo Zazil Ha Mucui Kac García , Morán Martha Alicia Cázares , Deras Alicia Avitia , Tzab Cecilia Loría , Bárcenas Claudia Palafox , Velasco Yuriria Hernández
Published: February 2022

La Alianza Selva Maya Quintana Roo UE de RL (UEASM), integra 5 ejidos forestales de Quintana Roo, estos son responsables del manejo forestal desde 1983. Tienen 113,000 hectáreas bajo manejo forestal sustentable y 66,321 hectáreas certificadas bajo estándares internacionales de FSC. La Iniciativa Industrial de la UEASM, denominado K´áax Mayas, desarrolla la producción de muebles y pisos de madera sólida enfocada al mercado de la Riviera Maya. Con el presente proyecto, se apoya a la UEASM en el tema de mercadeo y comercialización, ya que no basta con tener una excelente producción, sino se concretan en ventas. El objetivo de UEASM es impulsar el comercio y beneficiar los ejidatarios que aprovechan los recursos forestales alineados con las prácticas realizadas tradicionales. Este proyecto aborda temas de mercadotecnia, para mejorar los procesos de comercialización bajo esquemas de comercio justo y economía solidaria y diseña alternativas innovadoras de comercialización, basada en plataformas digitales. Actualmente seis de cada 10 mexicanos se enteran de un producto nuevo por publicidad en Internet y siguen las redes sociales para decidir su compra. Por lo anterior es importante que la UEASM incursione en los sistemas de mercadotecnia digital para posicionar su marca y productos en los mercados.
La inflación en méxico y zacatecas, período 2012-2017
Authors: Soto Saúl Robles , Macías Arturo Martínez , Claudia Esther Aguilar Torres  , Zhizhko Elena Anatolieva , Bernal Gonzalo Llamas
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación es resultado de un rastreo contante de la variable inflación tanto en México como en Zacatecas por parte de cinco docentes-investigadores de dos unidades académicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, México durante el periodo 2012-2017. Los datos que se manejan fueron obtenidos de fuentes directas e indirectas que al contrastarlas con las oficiales (tanto federales como estatales), nos indican que la inflación ha tenido repercusiones directas en las compras de bienes y servicios que realizan de manera periódica la clase trabajadora de México y Zacatecas. En el sistema económico mexicano, la inflación en el período 2012-2017 se mantuvo bajo control por parte de las autoridades encargadas de ello. Es uno de los mayores logros obtenidos en materia económica del actual sexenio, una inflación por debajo del 10%. Ese indicador económico en México es resultado de una férrea contención del salario de la mayoría de los trabajadores, los cuales sufren el embate empresarial y gubernamental, lo mismo que de sus mismos sindicatos al no propiciar acciones tendientes a subir el bajo salario que tienen desde hace tiempo. Esta tendencia de bajas salariales en el sistema mexicano es resultado de negociaciones anuales sostenidas por la llamada comisión tripartita: trabajadores representados por sus sindicatos, empresarios que se agrupan en varias organizaciones y el sector gubernamental encabezado por la Secretaria de Trabajo y Previsión Social. Al mismo tiempo se escuchaban voces del mismo sector empresarial que proponían de inmediato un aumento a los salarios mínimos en México, argumentando que debe ser por arriba de los 150 pesos al día. También era noticia la posición de sectores económicos canadienses que establecen una posición de crítica contante hacia el bajo nivel salarial de la mayoría de los trabajadores en México.
Estudio preliminar sobre la percepción de los padres de la modalidad virtual en tiempo de crisis sanitaria
Authors: Yassir Nagib
Published: February 2022

Las restricciones establecidas por el gobierno panameño desde el inicio de la pandemia (abril de 2020) se han hecho sentir en todos los sectores de la economía, particularmente en el sector terciario o de servicios. El sector educativo, gestor para la formación, es uno de los más afectados por los cambios de la modalidad de presencial o semipresencial a la 100% virtual que se implementaron de manera abrupta en la mayoría de las instituciones educativas del país, pero los más afectados fueron las instituciones de educación media y principalmente el nivel de formación básica general (primero a 9 grado) en sus dos subniveles: primaria (primero a sexto grado) y premedia (séptimo a noveno grado). Los niños situados en estos niveles fueron los más expuestos a estos cambios, con resultados hasta ahora desconocidos o con muy poco conocimiento de sus efectos dañinos en su formación integral, aprendizaje y personalidad, que causó esta crisis de salud. El diseño y tipo de estudio es no experimental, transeccional y descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo, en cuanto al método. Se realizó una significativa revisión de las dos variables en estudio (educación virtual y percepción de los padres), cuyos aportes orientaron y sirvieron de fundamento para las dimensiones implicadas en el estudio. Con una muestra de 71 padres o representantes de niños de 7 a 12 años. Los resultados arrojaron una percepción positiva y favorable de los padres, en casi todas las dimensiones del estudio.
Pendaftaran Tanah Wakaf Menurut PP No. 42 Tahun 2006
Authors: Azhar Azhar
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the registration of waqf land according to Government Regulation No. 42 of 2006 in Hinai Langkat District, North Sumatra. The method used in this study is a qualitative method by using an empirical, sociological, respondent and interview approach. People in Hinai District consider waqf registration not so important in order to maintain the waqf land. This is due to the fact that people are still used to donating land verbally on the basis of mutual trust in a certain person or institution, the habit of viewing waqf as a pious deed that has noble value in the presence of God without having to go through administrative procedures, and waqf property is considered to belong to Allah alone. will not dare to interfere without the permission of Allah SWT. People also find it difficult to register their waqf land. They have not had the procedure for registering waqf and the problem of service for local KUA employees. The government is seen as contributing because of the lack of socialization of waqf regulations in Indonesia.

Keywords: waqf registration, regulation and socialization
Peningkatan Minat Dalam Penggunaan Kartu Kredit Syariah dengan Pendekatan Kepercayaan, Sikap dan Pendapatan di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara
Authors: Zahra Audina Rizka , Batubara Marwan , Silalahi Purnama Ramadani , Prayoga Rendi , Amanda Dea Putri
Published: February 2022

In non-cash transactions, Islamic credit cards have become a way of life in modern economic culture. The use of Islamic credit cards has risen and fallen throughout time due to a variety of variables. Trust, attitudes, and income are some of these determinants. The goal of this research was to see how beliefs, attitudes, and income affected interest in using Islamic credit cards. The basic data for this study comes from interviews with 38 participants in North Labuhanbatu Regency who were chosen using a borring sample approach. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the data. Each trust, attitude, and income level had a favorable and substantial impact on interest in using a sharia credit card, according to the findings. This study benefits (a) academics by providing proof of concept, and (b) Islamic banks by providing data to assess the factors that impact interest in using a sharia credit card.

Keywords: Trust, Attitudes, Income, Islamic Credit Cards
Yerfıstığı Tohum Kabuğundan Ekstrakte Edilmiş Doğal Boyarmaddenin Kimyasal Analizi
Authors: OZDEMİR Halil
Published: February 2022

Osmaniye ili ve çevresinin en önemli tarım ürünü olan baklagiller familyasından yerfıstığının büyük bir kısmı atıştırmalık olarak tüketilmektedir. Ayrıca fıstık, ezme ve fıstık yağı olarak da gıda sektöründe yer almakta ve katkı maddesi olarak da kullanılmaktadır. Fıstık endüstrisinde gıda üretiminin yan ürünü olarak elde edilen yerfıstığı kabuğu ise çoğunlukla hayvan yemi olarak kullanılmaktadır. Protein, yağ ve karbonhidratlar ile polifenoller açısından zengin olan fıstık kabuğunun güçlü bir antioksidan olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu yüzden gıdalarda veya diyet takviyelerinde rahatlıkla kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, flavonoid ve fenolik asitler açısından zengin olduğu bilinen fıstık kabuğundaki doğal boyar maddenin varlığı araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla HPLC ve UV-Görünür Spektrofotometrede yapılan analizler sonucunda fıstık kabuğunda kateşin ve antosiyanin (Cyanidin) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca ham ve kavrulmuş yer fıstığındaki boyar madde miktarları da karşılaştırılmış, ham yerfıstığından daha fazla boyar madde elde edilebileceği ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Comparison of the Turnaround Times of COVID-19 Real Time PCR Data on the PCR Instrument and the Catena Smart PCR Bioinformatics Program
Authors: UĞUR Ayşe Rüveyda , ÖVET Habibe
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, which was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and has had a detrimental impact worldwide. The nucleic acid amplification tests are the recommended method for the diagnosis of COVID-19. CAtenA Smart PCR is an artificial intelligence-based bioinformatics tool that assists with PCR data interpretation and offers conclusion preferences before transaction to the web-based result systems. The aim of this study was to compare the turnaround times between the data analysis on a PCR instrument, including result submission, and the CAtenA Smart PCR-assisted analysis. The specialists assessed 139 PCR data sets, each with 94 samples and two internal controls, that were performed in the COVID-19 PCR Diagnostic Laboratory at Meram State Hospital in Konya between 1 September and 30 November 2021. The data analysis times for the PCR tool (Bio-Rad CFX96 Touch, Singapore) and the CAtenA Smart PCR Bioinformatics Program (Ventura, Ankara, Turkey) were recorded. The mean time duration of the 139 PCR data analyses for the PCR device was 14.05 ± 7.55 and 8.04 ± 3.93 minutes for the CAtenA. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used for the statistical analysis. The difference between the turnaround times for the PCR instrument and CAtenA Smart PCR was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.0001). We further divided the study period into two groups: the high-positivity phase and the low-positivity phase. We compared the two phases in order to assess the effect of the case positivity rates on the turnaround times. There was a significant difference between the turnaround times of the two groups (p = 0.0001). The findings showed that the positivity rate has affected the time duration of data analysis on both the PCR instrument and the CAtenA program. As a result, employing artificial intelligence-based CAtenA Smart PCR to interpret PCR data and send transactions to the web-based result systems reduces the time it takes to complete the task and gives the user more convenience.
ANÁLISE DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E AS RELAÇÕES TRANSPARENTES DOS PODERES DA REPÚBLICA
Authors: Fonseca Vicente
Published: February 2022

O tema Análise de Políticas Públicas é bastante atual e de interesse direto da sociedade brasileira. Quanto as relações transparentes dos poderes da república, estas possuem estrutura definida pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Vale a pena ressaltar que existe um sistema de controle e respeito mútuo, bem definido, conhecido no mundo jurídico como “sistema de freios e contrapesos”. É importante frisar que também existe uma colaboração para, além de um controle entre os poderes, o exercício de um controle externo pelo Ministério Público e a Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil. A relação entre os poderes e as Políticas Públicas, vai além da própria estrutura constitucional, que é fortemente influenciada pelos diferentes grupos de interesses e grupos de pressão, dos quais os lobistas exercem uma influência muito importante, pois é aí que pressionam os atores dos diferentes poderes, através de linhas argumentativas, para consolidarem os seus ideias. O exercício do “lobby” tem notoriedade no poder Legislativo e Executivo, porém não podemos afirmar a inexistência absoluta no poder Judiciário. Fato é, todavia, que não se compara com as pressões existentes no legislativo e executivo, principalmente, porque, os membros do poder Judiciário gozam de garantias que não existem no Legislativo e Executivo. Dentro deste contexto, iremos desenvolver um estudo sobre a importância das Análises de Políticas Públicas e as relações transparentes dos poderes, para promoverem a paz e o bem-estar, para o povo brasileiro.
O CUIDADOR DO IDOSO NO CONTEXTO FAMILIAR
Authors: Lemos Barbosa Borges Luci , Bezerra dos Santos Brandão Iolanda , De Oliveira Xavier Lídia , De Paula Souto Faria da Costa Elza
Published: February 2022

O número de idosos cuidadores está crescendo e a responsabilidade de cuidar de um idoso dependente normalmente recai sobre um familiar também idoso; o cônjuge é a primeira alternativa, seguida pela filha e/ou filho. O objetivo geral deste estudo é investigar as dificuldades do idoso no exercício do papel de cuidador de outro idoso no contexto familiar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória. Os seis participantes da investigação são cuidadores familiares idosos residentes em Brasília. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada e as informações obtidas dos cuidadores foram gravadas e, após, transcritas, para serem interpretadas por meio de Análise de Conteúdo. Dentre os resultados, verificou-se que os idosos cuidadores entrevistados eram na maioria do gênero feminino: cinco mulheres e um homem. Quanto ao grau de parentesco entre idoso cuidador e idoso cuidado entrevistou-se um marido, duas esposas e três filhas. As principais queixas de doenças dos idosos cuidadores foram: depressão, estresse e insônia. Concluiu-se que as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos idosos cuidadores estão na necessidade de ajuda de uma pessoa treinada, na falta de informações sobre a doença do idoso dependente, na ausência de outros familiares para dividir as responsabilidades com o cuidado e ter um tempo para o lazer, sentir o reconhecimento de seu trabalho de cuidador pelas outras pessoas da família, ou seja, receber mais apoio, tanto formal, das instituições, quanto informal, da família, amigos e vizinhos.
Anti transcarceral grief pedagogy for pandemic times
Authors: Poole Jennifer , Willer Erin , Zerafa Samantha
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 has saturated many spaces in loss and grief. Higher education has been saturated too, despite ongoing institutional demands that educators mitigate and manage the grief away. Such demands expose the colonial and carceral logics that operate in much of so-called higher education, logics that may often create what we call ‘transcarceral grief’. Inspired by abolitionist activist scholarship, we understand transcarceral grief as an involuntary response to the surveillance, compliance, discipline, and punishment practices (or carceral logics) that have made education a site of restriction and confinement. Such a lens demonstrates how dangerous many of the ‘must-do’s’ of grief and pedagogy can be and changes how we understand our own pandemic pedagogy. Thus, in this piece, we draw on scholarship, activism, theory, and narrated experiences to identify and work against transcarcerality while teaching/learning with grief in our Canadian and American institutions. Rather than mitigating, managing or recovering from grief, we offer a grief-facing praxis that has the potential to disrupt and re-form how we metabolize grief in higher education. Further, we posit that our anti-transcarceral grief pedagogy has the potential to move us closer to the life-affirming space that we crave more than ever both in and out of the classroom.
Removing the Invasive TreeAilanthus altissimaand Restoring Natural Cover
Authors: Burch Patrick L. , Zedaker Shepard M.
Published: February 2022

Eight herbicide treatments were applied by low-volume basal applications and compared to hand cutting for the removal ofAilanthus altissima. Manual cutting ofAilanthusstimulated resprouting and increased overall stand density. Chemical control not only removed existing trees but also prevented resprouting. When evaluated 2 years after treatment, optimal control ofAilanthuswas achieved with a combination of Garlon 4 and Tordon K herbicides. Garlon 4 at 20% v/v alone, Garlon 4 combined with Stalker, or Stalker herbicide alone controlledAilanthusbetter than hand cutting but were not as effective as treatments containing picloram. Removal ofAilanthusresulted in a shift in herbaceous species to native species of the region without reseeding with naturally occurring herbs. Manual control ofAilanthusshould be avoided in order to prevent proliferation. Herbicide control ofAilanthusis the preferred method of control because it successfully kills the trees and prevents resprouting. Because majorAilanthusinfestations occur near roadways, access with a backpack sprayer should be achievable.
A Practical Approach to Assessing Structure, Function, and Value of Street Tree Populations in Small Communities
Authors: Maco Scott , McPherson E. Gregory
Published: February 2022

This study demonstrates an approach to quantify the structure, benefits, and costs of street tree populations in resource-limited communities without tree inventories. Using the city of Davis, California, U.S., as a model, existing data on the benefits and costs of municipal trees were applied to the results of a sample inventory of the city's public and private street trees. Results indicate that Davis maintained nearly 24,000 public street trees that provided $1.2 million in net annual environmental and property value benefits, with a benefit­cost ratio of 3.8:1. The city can improve long-term stability of this resource by managing maintenance, new plantings, and stand rejuvenation on a city zone basis.
Resistance of Ulmaceae to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleptera:Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Miller Fredric , Malmquist Kimberly , Ware George
Published: February 2022

Fifteen Ulmus and one Zelkova taxa were evaluated in no-choice and multiple-choice laboratory bioassays for their preference and suitability for the adult elm leaf beetle (ELB), Xanthogaleruca luteola (Müller). Suitability of each taxon was defined by the mean number of eggs laid per female and the mean percentage of females ovipositing in no-choice laboratory feeding studies. Preference for each taxon was defined by the percentage of leaf tissue removed in multiple-choice laboratory feeding studies. Adult females laid significantly more eggs on U. canescens and U. pumila, highly preferred hosts, and the cultivar U. 'Morton Stalwart' Commendation, indicating their greater suitability for the ELB. Male and female longevity was similar for all taxa tested in this study, with both sexes living approximately 5 ± 3 days. Adult longevity was not correlated with suitability. Results from the multiple-choice feeding preference studies somewhat followed the suitability rankings in the no-choice feeding studies for the same taxa, with taxa that were less suitable in the no-choice studies being less preferred in the multiple-choice studies. The reverse is also true. As observed in this study and previous studies, preference and suitability increases when U. pumila is included as part of the parentage of simple complex hybrids. Of the 16 taxa evaluated in this study, U. canescens, U. pumila, and U. 'Morton Stalwart' Commendation appear to be more suitable for feeding and reproduction by adult ELBs, limiting their use in landscape and urban forest plantings where chronic ELB outbreaks are common. The North American and European elm taxa of U. alata, U. americana, and U. foliaceae, simple hybrids consisting of U. japonica and U. wilsoniana parentage, and Z. serrata appear to be less preferred and less suitable for reproduction by adult ELBs.
Effects of Tree Mortality on Power Line Security
Authors: Guggenmoos Siegfried
Published: February 2022

Others have reported that instances where trees grow into lines rarely result in power outages. The vast majority of tree-related outages stem from tree failure, particularly if outages during severe weather events are included. Generally, tree–conductor conflicts resulting from tree failure are classified as unpreventable because the trees are located outside the right-of-way. In the emerging competitive environment, utilities will require a means of decreasing so-called unpreventable outages. The primary locations for unpreventable outages are areas where lines run adjacent to or through natural forest tree stands. Tree mortality exposes a power line to a high risk of tree incidents over time. The risk to the line is directly related to the number of trees within striking distance of the line. Conventional clear widths leave a substantial residual tree risk. Hazard tree removal programs do not provide enduring reliability gains. A new mathematical model, the optimal clear width calculator, is used to assess the tree risk over variable clear widths and line heights. The risk ratings in the output line strike probability charts permit quantitative comparisons of construction and maintenance options. The line strike probability chart indicates that there is a point of diminishing return in line security for dollars invested in additional clear width.
Survival of ponderosa Pine(Pinus ponderosaDougl. Ex Laws.) Seedlings Outplanted WithRhizopogonMycorrhizae Inoculated With Spores At The Nursery
Authors: Steinfeld David , Amaranthus Michael P. , Cazares Efren
Published: February 2022

Numerous studies have shown that ectomycorrhizal fungi can profoundly affect conifer performance by facilitating nutrient and water uptake, maintaining soil structure, and protecting roots from pathogens and environmental extremes. However, fertilizing and irrigating practices in seedling production nurseries are very different than field conditions at harsh outplanting sites. More information is needed on the ability of specific mycorrhizal fungi to establish at the nursery and improve seedling performance in the outplanted environment. This study was conducted to test the ability of a specific ectomycorrhizal fungus,Rhizopogon rubescens, inoculated onto the root systems of plug-1 ponderosa pine(Pinus ponderosa)seedlings grown in fumigated and nonfumigated bare-root nursery beds to influence conifer establishment on two harsh, dry sites in southwest Oregon, U.S. After outplanting, survival ofRhizopogon-inoculated seedlings were significantly higher than noninoculated seedlings at both field sites (p < 0.05). Survival averaged 93% forRhizopogon-inoculated seedlings and 37% for noninoculated seedlings at the Central Point site. Survival averaged 71% forRhizopogon-inoculated seedlings and 41% for noninoculated seedlings at the Applegate site. Field survival did not differ significantly for ponderosa pine seedlings grown in fumigated compared to nonfumigated beds. Seedling height did not differ significantly betweenRhizopogon-inoculated and noninoculated ponderosa pine seedlings or fumigated and nonfumigated beds in the nursery or outplanting sites. Foliar analysis at the Applegate site indicated significantly higher phosphorous contents forRhizopogon-inoculated seedlings. Results from this study indicate thatRhizopogoninoculated plug-1 ponderosa pine survive at a much higher rate on dry, harsh sites in southwest Oregon. Poor survival by noninoculated pine seedlings grown in both fumigated and nonfumigated beds and outplanted on harsh sites indicate that field survival should be considered one of the more important criteria for selection ofRhizopogonspecies suitable for nursery inoculation.
The Relationship Between Urban Leaf Area and Household Energy Usage in Terre Haute, Indiana, U.S.
Authors: Jensen Ryan R. , Boulton James R. , Harper Bruce T.
Published: February 2022

The accrual of urban forest amenities and the estimation of these benefits is an essential step in the process of preserving and expanding urban forest resources. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that these benefits, specifically decreased cooling costs, can be effectively estimated using a mixed methodological approach that combines remotes sensing technologies with standard statistical analysis. This study tests the relationship between urban forest leaf area index (LAI) and household energy usage in summer 2001 in a mid-sized city. Results indicate an inverse relationship between LAI and energy usage, signifying that as LAI increases, energy usage decreases. This study could be used by urban planners and others to promote urban forests, justify urban forest projects, and assess the outcomes current policy.
The Ease of Ignition of 13 Landscape Mulches
Authors: Steward Larry , Sydnor T. Davis , Bishop Bert
Published: February 2022

The ease of ignition of 13 commonly used landscape mulches was evaluated. Mulches have different ignition potentials based on several factors, including the length of exposure to heat and to the ignition source. Some materials ignited more frequently when exposed to a lit propane torch for 15 seconds. The most to least commonly ignited materials were ground rubber, pine straw, oat straw, shredded hardwood bark, shredded cypress bark, recycled pallets, 2.5 to 5 cm pine bark nuggets, 1.3 to 2.5 cm pine bark nuggets, shredded pine bark, cocoa shells, composted yard waste, bluegrass sod, and brick chips. Not all organic mulches readily ignited, nor were inorganic mulches uniformly ignition resistant. The results of this research show that there are definite differences in the ease of ignition between commonly used mulches. The results demonstrate that landscapers do not have to resort to using inorganic materials such as brick chips and gravel for ignition-resistant mulches. Under high-temperature ignition, one inorganic material, ground rubber was ignited consistently and was difficult to extinguish. Conversely, there are organic materials that are unlikely to ignite. These also are maintenance practices that will prevent or reduce ignition of these mulches.
Root Dimensions of Landscape Tree Cultivars
Authors: Gerhold Henry , Johnson Andra
Published: February 2022

Entire root systems of 46 trees, consisting of eight utility-compatible cultivars in four genera, were excavated and measured as to length of longest roots, depth, and dry weight of roots inside and outside standard root ball sizes. Root lengths were longer along rows than across rows, were closely related to trunk diameter, and differed among genera. Roots of Syringa cultivars were up to twice as long as those of Amelanchier. Depths were more variable, and no differences were detected among genera. The most surprising finding was that 53% to 100% of root biomass would be retained within standard root balls of trees up to 6 cm dbh, and even 29% to 83% retained for trees up to 20 cm. In contrast, previous studies using different methods concluded that only 2% to 9% of roots would be retained in standard root ball sizes.
Fall Fertilization and Cold Hardiness in Landscape Trees
Authors: Smiley E. Thomas , Shirazi A.M.
Published: February 2022

Fall fertilization is sometimes considered a predisposing factor for winter injury in urban landscape plants. This study was developed to determine if fall fertilization of selected landscape trees would affect winter hardiness. Over a 3-year period, 200 trees in Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S., were fertilized with 1.3 kg N/100 m2 or 2.7 kg N/100 m2 (3 or 6 lb N/1,000 ft2) from Bartlett Boost (28-9-9), 1.3 kg N/100 m2 (3 lb N/1,000 ft2) from urea (46-0-0), or left untreated as controls. Fertilizer was soil injected in September or October, and samples were collected at three times during the winter to determine cold hardiness. There were no reductions in hardiness for sawtooth oak (Quercus acutissima), trident maple (Acer buergeranum), or leyland cypress (´ Cupressocyparis leylandii). Crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia indica), which is marginally hardy at the test location, and red maple (Acer rubrum) experienced statistically significant, but not biologically significant, loss of hardiness in January and February due to some fertilizer treatments.
Emergence Suppression of Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in Infested Oaks
Authors: Švihra Pavel , Crosby Deborah , Duckles Becky
Published: February 2022

Logs were cut from each of eight coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) and one California black oak (Q. kelloggii) infested with bark and ambrosia beetles. For each tree, one log was collected from 1 m (3.3 ft) above the ground, a second from immediately below the crotch of the major limbs, and a third from a branch 8 cm (3 in.) in diameter. Permethrin significantly reduced emergence of both oak ambrosia beetles (Monothrum scutellare) and oak bark beetles (Pseudopityphthorus pubipennis) from the insecticide-treated logs (P = 0.001) compared to the control log sections. This result indicates the bark application of permethrin can lower the density of bark and ambrosia beetles in urban forests.