bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zygomatic salivary mucocoele as a postoperative complication following caudal hemimaxillectomy in a dog
Authors: Clarke Ben S. , L'Eplattenier Henry F.
Published: September 2010

Zygomatic mucocoele is reported as a postoperative complication occurring secondary to a caudal hemimaxillectomy in a two‐year‐old Labrador retriever. The dog was presented with a history of a rapidly growing oral mass, identified as a soft tissue sarcoma. A caudal hemimaxillectomy via an intraoral approach was performed as treatment for local control of the oral mass. Fifteen days postoperatively, periorbital swelling and exophthalmos developed on the ipsilateral side. The degree of swelling progressed and was identified by computed tomography, ultrasound and cytology as a salivary mucocoele. Zygomatic sialoadenectomy was performed via a modified lateral approach with zygomatic osteotomy. A small amount of discharge persisted from the surgical site but gradually resolved. Recurrence of the periorbital swelling and exophthalmos was noted 25 days later and further surgery was performed to excise residual salivary tissue. Adjuvant radiotherapy was performed, however local recurrence of the oral mass was identified 5 months postoperatively and the patient subsequently euthanased. Salivary mucocoele has been cited as a possible postoperative complication following maxillectomy and mandibulectomy procedures; however to the authors’ knowledge, only one previous case report exists in the literature. The current case documents a zygomatic salivary mucocoele occurring subsequent to caudal hemimaxillectomy.
Separation of Curcuminoids Enriched Fraction from Spent Turmeric Oleoresin and Its Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Nagarajan S. , Kubra I. Rahath , Rao L. Jagan Mohan
Published: September 2010

Abstract:  The rhizomes of turmeric are processed to obtain oleoresin and subsequently curcuminoids are isolated. The mother liquor, after partial isolation of curcuminoids, known as spent turmeric oleoresin (STO), is considered as industrial waste. Curcuminoids enriched spent turmeric oleoresin (CSTO) is prepared by removal of nonantioxidant constituents, and investigated for its antioxidant potential using in vitro methods, and also the total curcuminoids and phenolic contents were determined. CSTO has a total phenolic content of 267.27 ± 5.75 mg GAE/g that is almost double the amount present in STO (118.3 ± 3.0 mg GAE/g). The total amount of curcuminoids in CSTO is found to be 39 ± 1.2%, whereas STO had 15 ± 2.0%. CSTO possessed radical scavenging activity of 84% at 50 μg/mL, antioxidant activity of 74% at 25 μg/mL, high antioxidant capacity, and moderate total reducing power. These results provide scope for utilization of CSTO/STO as natural antioxidant/preservative as well as colorant in various foods.
Development of an Ingredient Containing Apple Peel, as a Source of Polyphenols and Dietary Fiber
Authors: Henríquez Carolina , Speisky Hernán , Chiffelle Italo , Valenzuela Tania , Araya Manuel , Simpson Ricardo , Almonacid Sergio
Published: September 2010

Abstract:  Apple peel is a waste product from dried apple manufacture. The content of phenolic compounds, dietary fiber, and mineral are higher in apple peel, compared to other edible parts of this fruits. The objective of this study was to develop an ingredient from Granny Smith apple peel, using a pilot scale double drum‐dryer, as drying technology. The control of all steps to maximize the retention of phenolic compounds and dietary fiber was considered. Operational conditions, such as drying temperature and time were determined, as well as important preprocessing steps like grinding and PPO inhibition. In addition, the physical–chemical characteristics, mineral and sugar content, and technological functional properties such as water retention capacity, solubility index, and dispersability among others, were analyzed. A simple, economical, and suitable pilot scale process, to produce a powder ingredient from apple peel by‐product, was obtained. The drying process includes the application of ascorbic acid at 0.5% in the fresh apple peel slurry, drum‐dryer operational conditions were 110 °C, 0.15 rpm and 0.2 mm drum clearance. The ingredient developed could be considered as a source of phenolic compounds (38.6 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry base) and dietary fiber (39.7% dry base) in the formulation of foods.

Practical Application:  A method to develop an ingredient from Granny Smith apple peel using a pilot scale double drum‐dryer as drying technology was developed. The method is simple, economical, feasible, and suitable and maximizes the retention of phenolic compounds and dietary fiber present in the raw matter. The ingredient could be used in the formulation of foods.
A New Perspective on Design: Focusing on CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Rhea Darrel K.
Published: September 2010

DARREL RHEA IS convinced that organizations need to shift their focus from designing products to designing a cycle of customer experiences. The dynamic model of this process‐one that is reiterated to varying degrees with each consumer decision‐moves from Life Context to Engagement to Experience to Resolution, and at each stage Rhea outlines the research and design issues that affect positive results.
Should Government Promote Design?A Design Initiative for Economic Growth
Authors: Hannon William J.
Published: September 2010

UNLIKE SOME OTHER major industrial powers—Japan and Germany, for instance—the US has never developed a national program for exploiting the economic potential of design excellence. After reviewing the history related to this state of affairs, William Hannon proposes a design‐promotion model, based on the Department of Agriculture's Cooperative Extension System, that could serve the diverse, and more region‐sensitive, design‐management needs of American industries and businesses.
Made in Taiwan: Designing a New Image
Authors: Blaich Robert , Blaich Janet
Published: September 2010

IN A DRAMATIC ABOUT‐FACE, the world is discovering that the “Made‐in‐Taiwan” label is a mark of quality and innovation. This turnabout is a design transformation crafted and implemented under the aegis of Taiwan's Ministry of Economic Affairs. Robert and Janet Blaich outline the three overlapping five‐year plans that have made the change a reality and describe elements‐including a design center, themed design seminars, competitions, and methods for transferring design expertise‐that all contribute to the success of what can be characterized as a national design‐management agenda.
Checking‐in: The Office as HOTEL
Authors: Brill Michael
Published: September 2010

DO PEOPLE WHO SPEND a good amount of time on the road need a permanent office? Michael Brill says probably not, and then goes on to explain how the office “hotelling” concept he helped refine is not only more efficient use of space but also provides a better quality and more productive work environment. Here he describes how and why the Chicago division of the Ernst & Young financial‐services company recently exploited this approach in its Sears Tower operation, and subsequently recommended hotelling as a model for the entire firm.
BAHCO TOOLS: The Development of Design as a Strategic Resource and Core Competence
Authors: Svengren Lisbeth
Published: September 2010

THE ERGONOMICALLY REFINED designs developed by Swedish Bahco Tools in the 1980s had turned the hardware company's financial fortunes around. But in 1991, when the small niche producer was purchased by a multinational steel company, it was not at all certain that its ergonomic design strategy would survive the new management's desire to penetrate larger markets. Lisbeth Svengren unfolds a fascinating story demonstrating that hard facts alone may not be enough to convince executives of design's value as a critical business resource.
Behavior‐Based EVALUATION of Communication Environments
Authors: Kunze Philip
Published: September 2010

HOW CAN AN ORGANIZATION exploit design to improve the impact of its communications? With the aspiration of developing a more extensive model for evaluating message management, Phil Kunze has devised an approach that relates the specifics of exhibit design to customer behavior and effectiveness in reaching certain target audiences. His technique permits companies to quantify the results of their exhibit efforts and better link a variety of design strategies to desired outcomes.
Making Design a Strategic Weapon: THE PIMS CONTRIBUTION
Authors: Thompson Phillip
Published: September 2010

IN TERMS OF QUANTIFYING the impact of design, Phil Thompson's admonition is straightforward: ask the customer! His measures of value are perception‐based and, using comparisons within clearly defined product categories, they permit companies to identify the design attributes that matter the most to sell the most. The significance of this methodology is that it offers design‐management insights which, in addition to facilitating internal judgments, also help companies refine their competitive strategies.
PARADOXICAL LEADERSHIP: A Journey with John Tyson
Authors: March Artemis
Published: September 2010

JOHN TYSON, vice president of Northern Telecom's Corporate Design Group (CDG), has been especially creative in translating the theory of cross‐functional development into reality Pursuing his vision, profiled here by Artemis March, CDG has become a center of excellence that “invests in” other corporate units as a partner. With a focus on accountability, value, and leadership, Tyson's group seeks out opportunities to leverage its talents as essential resources in defining the next generation of communications products.
Design in the Learning Organization: Educating for the New Culture of Product Development
Authors: Buchanan Richard , Vogel Craig M.
Published: September 2010

PERHAPS NO ORGANIZATION is more compartmentalized than a university, but among universities, Carnegie Mellon's interdisciplinary design programs are truly distinctive. Richard Buchanan and Craig Vogel detail the collaborations among faculty, students, and corporate partners, during the past decade, to develop courses that explore the potential for genuine cross‐functional communication and cooperation, and they highlight strategies fundamental to the success of the endeavor.
Design and Management EDUCATION: Collaboration between Practice and Academia
Authors: Blackburn Richard S. , Chapin David
Published: September 2010

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS collaboration between a management professor and a practicing designer are to raise the profile of design in B‐school curricula and give MBA students an appreciation and understanding of design as a competitive resource. The result, as Richard Blackburn and David Chapin describe it, is a popular elective, with a special focus on product development and communication, that challenges future executives to distill the strategic importance of design to the organization.
SEEKING TOOLS FOR CONVIVIALITY: Trends in Design and Technology
Authors: Buchanan Richard , Ford Shannon , Humphreys Anne , Thomas William , Swinehart Robert O. , McClusky John F. , Ballay Joseph M.
Published: September 2010

TECHNOLOGY IS LEADING DESIGNERS into unexplored realms. To provide insights on this new territory, Richard Buchanan and his colleagues at Carnegie Mellon University act as scouts sharing reports on the frontier. Themes they discuss include ever‐expanding roles for users in the design process, the flexible nature of identity in a digital world, a fascinating update on rapid prototyping, and a general shift in professional work from the design of objects to the design of experiences.
Managing INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY in Architectural Design
Authors: Andia Alfredo
Published: September 2010

ALTHOUGH THE IMMEDIATE SUBJECT is architecture, in his conceptual analysis and case studies, Alfredo Andia's remarks offer a much broader critique of strategies for integrating design and digital technologies. Three models are presented—computers as simply a better tool for doing existing work, computers as a vehicle for changing the relationships among partners in the design process, and computers as an engine driving the development of new organizational cultures and structures.
Making the Sale with MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Bachman Timothy
Published: September 2010

THOSE VIDEO MONITORS are proliferating as high tech arrives on the sales floor. Today, customers find these ubiquitous screens in clothing stores, banks, home improvement centers, and even grocery stores. What Tim Bachman does here is separate the marketing truth from the video hype. He explains the many uses of multimedia, analyzes interactivity options, and articulates guidelines for developing effective presentations.
Behavioral Design with a NEW MEDIA TWIST
Authors: Chicos Roberta , Fantini Joanne
Published: September 2010

ROBERTA CHICOS AND JOANNE FANTINI explore how technology can be exploited to get a better sense of consumer preferences with respect to innovation. Using interactive modeling methods—dubbed New Media—in conjunction with other market research techniques, they are able, quickly and inexpensively, to provide consumers with a more realistic sense of future product descriptions and options. Obviously, the response to such simulations can yield criteria essential to an efficient and clearly focused development process.
BEYOND CAD: Linking Education and Practice
Authors: Siegel Rita Sue
Published: September 2010

IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN DIFFICULT to pinpoint the ideal relationship between the business of design and design education, a situation further complicated by the growing importance of high‐tech design tools. In an informal survey of influential design leaders, RitaSue Siegel elicits comments on topics ranging from students' understanding of the design process and the value of computer training to the employability of new graduates and the critical need for an expanded internship program.
DIGITAL VOICE
Authors: Siegel Alan
Published: September 2010

AMID THE FANFARE OF WEB SITES and other digital environments, Alan Siegel reminds companies, now more than ever, to always “speak with clarity, cohesion, and resonance.” The opportunity offered by technology is that the “corporate voice” can now become the corporate conversation—an “inner voice” for exchanging information within an organization, and a “window into a company” that lets outsiders participate in the dialogue. As models for success, Siegel offers examples and guidelines for navigating this dynamic identity territory.
Using Information Systems to Build Brand Equity and Competitive Advantage
Authors: Coffel Kevin
Published: September 2010

AS MANAGERS DEAL WITH IDENTITY in a digital world, having data available online is merely a facet of a much larger challenge. Kevin Coffel focuses decision maker's attention on the notion of “information asset management”—strategies for linking a broad base of corporate facts, figures, images, documents, and other resources in ways that allow people to design and deliver powerful, consistent, and often highly personalized organizational messages across a wide range of media.
RETAIL IDENTITY in a Digital World
Authors: Parsons Anthony
Published: September 2010

IN A DIGITAL WORLD, is traditional store‐based retailing a thing of the past? Anthony Parsons responds “No,” but goes on to suggest, using a case study featuring London's Selfridges department store, the blend of on‐line, catalogue, boutique, and anchor‐store lifestyle experiences successful retailers will need to design as facets of multi‐dimensional identities to ensure shoppers stay interested and keep coming back.
“Playing Like an ORCHESTRA”: Key Success Factors in Corporate ˜ Consultant Projects
Authors: Ingols Cynthia A.
Published: September 2010

WITH THOUGHTFUL INPUT from corporate executives and consultants, Cynthia Ingols responds to crucial questions about what it takes to create and sustain strong client‐consultant relationships: What do managers look for when they choose a consultant? What's the best way to define the consultant mandate? What kind of information do consultants need to do a good job? What stimulates creativity? What scope of work yields the best results?
SELECTING DESIGNERS: One Client's Way of Auditing an Entire Industry
Authors: FCSD Raymond Turner
Published: September 2010

THE DESIGN OF A MODERN MEGA‐PROJECT—such as an airport—is dependent on input from all manner of outside groups. In this process, having an efficient framework for selecting and managing consultants is essential. Raymond Turner, director of design for BAA, the private company that owns London's major airports, and his team of design leaders have devised a system for categorizing and pre‐qualifying suppliers, which he is convinced will improve quality while it permits decentralized project management and saves significant time and money.
Consultants and Clients: Relationships, Branding, and the New Rules of Engagement
Authors: O'Connor William J.
Published: September 2010

AS AN EXECUTIVE of a major consulting firm, Bill O'Connor has seen the role of companies like his change dramatically. After reviewing this transformation, which has enhanced the position and importance of consultants, he defines five new rules of engagement—guidelines distilling the expectations and responsibilities of consultants and clients as they work together to build strong, innovative branding strategies.
BRAZILIAN COMPETITIVENESS with Design
Authors: Teperman Milly , Leal Joice Joppert
Published: September 2010

ORIGINALLY A CULTURAL ISSUE—identifying and celebrating a Brazilian style—this country's design has evolved, since the 1980s, into an industrial strategy At the heart of the most recent effort are the gathering of vast design databases, technical consulting in such areas as patent protection and design management, and design awareness initiatives, including publications, awards, and exhibitions. Milly Teperman and Joice Joppert Leal judge the programs a success as a growing array of industries and regions in the country come to realize design's economic value.
Strategic Issues for a Design Support Organization: The Swedish Industrial Design Foundation
Authors: Dahlin Torsten , Svengren Lisbeth
Published: September 2010

THE SWEDISH INDUSTRIAL DESIGN FOUNDATION sees itself as a trade and industry—rather than cultural—resource. In this role, as Torsten Dahlin and Lisbeth Svengren explain, it defines a modest but clear and well‐focused agenda. First, it reaches out to small and medium‐size enterprises with a regional program of counseling and design referrals; it nurtures collaboration among designers and inventors. Second, it facilitates design‐related research and curriculum development for schools of business and schools of technology.
VISION DESIGN: Building the User Understanding and Experiential Lab
Authors: Wood Chip
Published: September 2010

THIS IS A STORY ABOUT Texas Instruments and how Chip Wood and his User Understanding and Experiential Lab are transforming the company's perspective on innovation. Often regarded as a technology‐driven organization, TI is countering that perception by turning to the observation of user groups as a critical source for new product ideas. And not only does the new lab uncover unforeseen opportunities, it also develops prototypes in real‐life settings for other managers to critique and enhance.
EXPERIENTIAL DESIGN Strategy and Market Share
Authors: Ashcraft Daniel , Slattery Lorraine
Published: September 2010

ACCORDING TO Daniel Ashcraft and Lorraine Slattery successful brands in the late '90s are those that embed the values and experiences of customers in products and marketing. This can be achieved with a three‐step process: taking an interactive customer audit; formulating a brand image design strategy; and developing a comprehensive market delivery system. To illustrate their approach, they review the design and marketing of two car audio systems.
REDESIGNING THE EXPERIENCE of Academic Community
Authors: Hartman Linda , Grant Jon
Published: September 2010

GREAT DESIGN EMERGES when programmatic requirements are not only satisfied but become aspects of a compelling and enduring human experience. Grant‐WTW architects have devised a process—Focus Week—that helps it understand and respond to the critical experiential dimensions involved in designing a building. In this case study, Linda Hartman, with Jon Grant's input, shares a snapshot of the Focus Week methodology as it was used in the design of a dining hall for Salisbury State University, in Maryland.
Design Management and New Product Development: Linking People and Process
Authors: Herbruck Diane , Umbach Steven
Published: September 2010

IN NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT, an organization can have all the right information, as well as the technical and financial resources necessary, but unless its human resources are fully committed and communicating effectively, opportunities may be lost. Diane Herbruck and Steven Umbach survey a number of methods—including Peoplemetri“, a tool they are devising—for better evaluating and managing the human energies and input relevant to design.
Science Drives Creativity: A Methodology for Quantifying Perceptions
Authors: Swift Philip W.
Published: September 2010

PHILIP SWIFT, DIRECTOR OF DESIGN at Symbol Technologies, is certain the design of profitable, high‐quality products depends on a detailed understanding of consumer preferences. To get at these preferences, he explored several research methodologies before settling on a simplified technique that quantifies consumer perceptions. Swift's reward was a rich database of precise objectives—shared by designers, engineers, and marketers—that guide product development in areas ranging from ergonomics and performance to materials and aesthetics.
Shake Hands with the Brand: Crafting the Message for the Medium
Authors: Morris Kenneth M.
Published: September 2010

THE WEB IS TRANSFORMING the concept of mass communications. Illustrating his points with screens from amazon.com, Ernst & Young, American Express, and the Weather Channel, Ken Morris comments on the importance of managing the Internet rendezvous to provide useful, personalized content, to enhance brand value and business performance, and to be attractive and easily navigable. These objectives necessitate giving special attention to the design of the site and to the design of the organization.
What Is Interactivity?
Authors: Boyarski Dan
Published: September 2010

INTERACTIVITY, Dan Boyarski reminds us, is an essential feature of being human: A chat, a kiss, a dance, a work of art are all modes of interaction. It is when we want to translate this exchange among human beings to an exchange between a person and a machine that all kinds of design questions come up. Boyarski responds by defining the nature of true interaction and by critiquing a range of interactive products and experiences.
Dodging Roadblocks on the Innovation Highway
Authors: Sebell Mark , Goldsmith Cris
Published: September 2010

MOST ORGANIZATIONS REGARD innovation as essential to long‐term success. Frequently, however, it is misunderstood and mismanaged. Addressing this problem, Mark Sebell and Cris Goldsmith outline several innovation fundamentals; distinguish between innovation and creativity; develop clear innovation milestones; solicit customer input to define future rather than current needs; involve a diversity of talent on innovation teams; and spread ownership and responsibility for innovation across multiple layers of an organization's hierarchy.
Transferable Truths of Brand Identity
Authors: Upshaw Lynn B.
Published: September 2010

AS LYNN UPSHAW SEES IT, brands are corporate DNA—the essential meaning of an organization, service, or product. In a crowded and skeptical consumer market, it's crucial that these meanings—these brand identities—are understandable, credible, resilient, and well placed. For companies striving to achieve these goals, Upshaw presents the five “truths” he has discovered are present in brands that have been successful over the long term.
Creating the Identity for a $20 Billion Start‐Up
Authors: Kavanaugh Patrice
Published: September 2010

THE LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES IDENTITY was established with impressive speed, generating equally impressive outcomes. Patrice Kavanaugh details the process behind the identity program, from consultant selection to the rollout of signage and advertising. Looking back on the intensive effort, she distills six pivotal lessons that she believes make important contributions to thoughtful, yet efficient, identity design and implementation.
Multibranding: Symptom of an Unclear Branding Policy
Authors: Visser Edwin
Published: September 2010

BRANDING IS A strategy for building relationships with consumers. Much more than a graphic, a brand conveys messages about quality, price, dependability, and many other attributes. In hopes of creating more desirable products, companies today are combining messages in dual‐ and multibranded offerings. Edwin Visser argues, especially in the case of multibranding, that this kind of layering is generally counterproductive, diluting brand messages and leaving consumers unsure about what they might be getting.
A New Management Role: The Designer as Strategist
Authors: Gornick Naomi
Published: September 2010

THIS ONE‐YEAR MASTER'S degree program in the UK has been developed to strengthen management capabilities of designers. Four months of traditional management coursework serves as preparation for design audit and internship experiences, which are followed by research and a dissertation. In a survey of outcomes, Naomi Gornick concludes that the program is instrumental in helping designers to take on positions in industry as managerial co‐equals with business‐trained colleagues.
Go East, Young Man: Design Education at Samsung
Authors: Bruce Gordon
Published: September 2010

TO MORE EFFECTIVELY leverage its design talent, Samsung has established an in‐house design academy that addresses product, multimedia, and interdisciplinary design. Gordon Bruce describes the program's globe‐trotting design workshop, as well as its internships and mentor workshops as expressions of a hands‐on curriculum created to illuminate the intersections among culture, design, and business strategy.
Design is IT!
Authors: Peters Tom
Published: September 2010

IN HIS RELENTLESS pursuit of excellence, Tom Peters singles out the importance of design in the organizational quest for innovation, quality, and creativity. As he sees it, design is both process and a state of mind that pervades the enterprise—an openness to risk, a search for the unexpected, a thoughtfulness about details. To set executives on the right path, Peters outlines the first steps decision makers can take in a journey to discover the competitive opportunities unveiled by “design mindfulness.”
Design Goes Bowling: A Case Study
Authors: Milano Ed
Published: September 2010

BOWLING ISN'T JUST a game—it's a complex series of interactions between bowlers, equipment, and space. In this case study, Ed Milano describes how observation and analysis revealed the many faces of bowlers and the varying needs of bowlers around the world. The result is a bold new system that creates an enhanced experience for bowlers and a bright future for the bowling industry.
Database and Workflow Technologies: Help for Design Managers
Authors: Fader Nick , Dubuc Maria
Published: September 2010

DESIGN MANAGERS NEED sophisticated tools to orchestrate the many disciplines and multiple sources of information that contribute to creative and strategic decision making. In this context, Nick Fader and colleague Maria Dubuc Piraino discuss how, using off‐the‐shelf computer programs, a company can effectively and inexpensively streamline and personalize the creation, assessment, and production of graphic materials related to product sales and marketing.
Researching Steelcase's Pathways
Authors: Madigan MJ
Published: September 2010

THE WORKPLACE HAS changed. People are using new technologies. There's a new focus on collaboration and informal communication. Colleagues are sharing ideas, space, and equipment, and they're looking for flexible work environments. For Steelcase, a world leader in office furnishings, the challenge was to translate these insights into a robust infrastructure of interior architecture, work tools, and technology. The result is Pathways, and MJ Madigan tells the story of the years of research that made Pathways a reality.
A Darwinian Theory of Good Design
Authors: Rutter Bryce G. , Agne James A.W.
Published: September 2010

IS IT POSSIBLE to define “good design?” Bryce Rutter and James Agne provide a provocative, user‐based model to do just that. They identify and prioritize the qualities most valued by consumers and posit research as a pathway for unveiling promising design strategies. In this context, designers should be challenged to transform research into products, but Rutter and Agne conclude that few seem up to the task.
Do You Dig Up Dinosaur Bones? Anthropology, Business, and Design
Authors: Tso Judy
Published: September 2010

IF YOUR organization is entering multicultural markets, then Judy Tso may provide an explanation for why you'll want an anthropologist on your design team. She suggests several reasons this kind of research is more important today than in decades past. She also defines the nature and perspective of “ethnographic study,” summarizes its usefulness to managers, and discusses attitudes and approaches that facilitate the best results.
Managing Design for Competitive Advantage A Process Approach
Authors: Olson Eric M. , Slater Stanley F. , Cooper Rachel D.
Published: September 2010

FOR EXECUTIVES who want to strengthen the design/ business relationship, Eric Olson, Stanley Slater, and Rachel Cooper make some clear recommendations. Make sure designers and design managers understand the organization's competitive strategy; enumerate the design elements inherent in that strategy; nurture open communication between design and other functions; develop design briefs that stimulate creativity at the same time they reinforce business strategy; and measure performance. It's advice that's both sound and challenging.
What's next in corporate and brand identity design
Authors: Cheston Allison
Published: September 2010

If you want to know where things are headed, it makes sense to ask leaders on the front lines. Allison Cheston does just that, drawing out several senior executives on the differences and overlaps between identity and brand. Together they identify frontiers in branding, discuss digital identities and brands, and make some predictions about the future. The result is an interesting mix of analysis and experience‐grounded speculation.
“Brands aren't just names on packages!”
Authors: Berger Charles , Speak Karl
Published: September 2010

Brands are about relationships with consumers. Products and services are critical elements in building these relationships, but they are not, by themselves, brands. Brands are long‐term investments. With support from the CEO and managers, they can thrive for generations. Effective brand management is the ultimate path to revenue and profits. For more details on these and other insights, Karl Speak's interview with Chuck Berger, CEO of The Scotts Company, is must reading.
Creating the look of a world leader
Authors: Ruppeiner Reto
Published: September 2010

Different names, different brands, different cultures. Two pharmaceutical giants had merged and determined that the aspirations of the new corporation merited a totally new identity. Reto Ruppeiner discusses the objectives of this project, how sub‐identities and stand‐alone brands would bear the corporate mark, and how the program would be implemented. Most telling, however, is the fact that two years after things had settled down, the company's goals had shifted, and identities needed to shift, as well. Brands are, indeed, alive.
The big idea
Authors: Jones Robert
Published: September 2010

Identity or brand? Identity and brand? Pondering these questions, Robert Jones concludes that today the emphasis should, instead, be on the “big idea”—a statement that articulates what an organization stands for and what it does. Supporting his thinking with numerous examples, Jones examines how a big idea, shared by employees and customers alike, can generate loyalty, strategic focus, and a distinctive corporate profile at the same time it provides a framework for creativity and innovation.
Building a brand.comm
Authors: Upshaw Lynn B.
Published: September 2010

Brands live and die on their successful interaction with brand communities— including customers, employees, consultants, partners, and investors. Based on experience and analysis, Lynn Upshaw has distilled five best practices that nurture this exchange in digital environments. These emphasize brand‐name flexibility, integrated marketing, superiority rather than simply differentiation, maximum consumer involvement, and proactive customer service. It's solid advice for those struggling in an e‐world now filled with doubters and skeptics.
Illustrating entertainment: A reflection
Authors: Girvin Tim , Masuyama Chie , Summers Kristin
Published: September 2010

The odyssey narrated in this essay is wonderfully personal. Tim Girvin, with help from Chie Masuyama and Kristin Summers, reveals how youthful enthusiasm for the art of typography matured into a unique talent for designing motion picture identities. What is significant is that the lessons go beyond the personal. Research and a thoughtful process are essential to identity design; small details make a big difference; and what starts as graphics can quickly evolve into a marketing strategy and a platform for building a coherent organization.
The evolution of health food: Erewhon bursts the plain brown wrapper
Authors: Zarkades Nick , Davis Cynthia , Verde Charles T.
Published: September 2010

From a hand‐made look appropriate to the shelves of natural food stores to a more mainstream, supermarket orientation calling out health benefits and natural ingredients, to a brand‐focused strategy that emphasizes the breadth and identity of the product line, the packaging for Erewhon natural cereals has—over the past two decades—undergone dramatic transformations. Nick Zarkades, Cynthia Davis, and Charles Verde outline this design metamorphosis and the business decisions driving the changes.
Experience architecture: A framework for designing personalized customer interactions
Authors: Rose David
Published: September 2010

Know your customers; design accordingly. Thus David Rose advocates the personalization of digital relationships. He stresses the value of integrating electronic communications with other consumer contacts. He reviews different techniques for enhancing loyalty and commitment. He recommends distilling “patterns” and precisely measuring the return from investments in different types of consumers and communication strategies.
Research and design success
Authors: Dodd Kerry
Published: September 2010

The Oral‐B Cross Action toothbrush sets the threshold for high performance, high margin design. Mirro's Allegro cookware simplifies food preparation and changes how people think about pots and pans. Kerry Dodd recounts these and other product development stories to reinforce the point that research does, indeed, make a difference. It informs design in ways that enhance user satisfaction, brand loyalty, and product success.
Design differentiation for global companies: Value exporters and value collectors
Authors: Grinyer Clive
Published: September 2010

In the global marketplace, should companies maintain uniform product profiles—some with strong national characteristics—or adapt regionally? Most companies tend toward one end or the other, concludes Clive Grinyer. Clearly distinguishing between “value exporters” and “value collectors,” he articulates the advantages and disadvantages of each. Companies must strike their own strategic balance, hopefully without diluting the regional diversity that makes life and consumer choices so interesting.
Braun design: Dream real products, make real products
Authors: Schneider Peter , Beuker Ralf
Published: September 2010

Design makes a major contribution to Braun's success in international markets. Director of corporate design Peter Schneider—in a recent conversation with Ralf Beuker—reviews the company's design strategies as they relate to such topics as design competitions and innovation, research and the development process, engineering, production and distribution, global marketing, and the refinement of individual products.
Managing design for global value in Japan
Authors: Chiu Leimei Julia
Published: September 2010

If boldness and creativity are the keys to success in international markets, then several Japanese initiatives—richly illustrated here by Leimei Julia Chiu—hold great promise. These are programs—RE Design: Daily Products of the Twenty‐first Century; Creating Experiences; and Design of a New Age, Design in a Global Economy—that challenge managers to reexamine tradition, evaluate new processes, and explore the frontiers of product design
Why good design doesn't always guarantee success
Authors: Cuffaro Daniel F. , Vogel Brian , Matt Brian
Published: September 2010

Stories abound of great designs that go nowhere. Daniel F. Cuffaro, along with colleagues Brian Vogel and Brian Matt, examine why things go awry, and to counter such outcomes, propose a model of design that emphasizes the orchestration of the total consumer experience, from awareness and engagement through ownership and use. Their “do”s and “don't”s are a checklist of good practices for executives and design managers alike.
Lessons from a creative culture
Authors: Andriopoulos Constantine , Gotsi Manto
Published: September 2010

Lunar Design has a talent for translating innovative thinking into successful business strategies. In their research, Constantine Andriopoulos and Manto Gotsi identify four principles that support this impressive track record: a collaborative approach to management; a no‐fear work environment; an emphasis on moving beyond the comfort zone; and a practice that celebrates individuality and encourages diversity.
What's it like out there?The value of industry‐based research projects in a graduate curriculum
Authors: Gornick Naomi
Published: September 2010

Design management internships are critical bridges between the world of students, which emphasizes theory and originality, and the world of business, which emphasizes day‐to‐day management concerns. Based on her work at Brunel University, in the UK, Naomi Gornick outlines how these programs are set up. She also comments on their fit within graduate curricula and the benefits they offer corporate sponsors, as well as those enrolled.
Packaging design, consumer research, and business strategy: The march toward accountability
Authors: Young Scott
Published: September 2010

It may not be science, but there are research techniques to measure the effectiveness and leverage the results of package designs. Scott Young articulates the possibilities, the limits, and the best uses of this type of design research. Perhaps more valuable, he recommends specific steps managers can take to build collaborative and productive relationships among designers, experts in research, and decision makers in marketing and sales.
Of eggs and packaging
Authors: Ekuan Kenji
Published: September 2010

Starting with commentary about the perfection and vulnerability of the egg and an interpretation of ozone as a veil that delicately wraps and protects the blue earth, Kenji Ekuan shares provocative insights about packaging and cultural expression. Rich with examples from Japan, his perceptions elevate the significance of this discipline but also establish a mandate that designers be more responsible and more creative.
Packaging the interior environment
Authors: Bachman Tim
Published: September 2010

The bank, the home warehouse center, the grocery—for these and other consumer‐based businesses, the store is a critical “package” that can respond to customer needs and stimulate sales. Tim Bachman identifies five essential elements in this area—space, operations and processes, people, brand, and merchandising and communications—and analyzes how these contribute to the design of a compelling retail/service environment.
From wilderness to bewilderment: Which frontier does your type face?
Authors: Felde Nathan
Published: September 2010

In a poetic commentary that highlights contributions made by pioneers in communications thinking, Nathan Felde ponders how technology—now so pervasively able to gather information, capture what formerly was invisible, camouflage reality, and target audiences‐comprises and compromises the expression of individuality in the visual world. It is a treatise cautioning all to remember that design must ennoble rather than devalue the human being.
Nanostructured europium oxide thin films deposited by pulsed laser ablation of a metallic target in a He buffer atmosphere
Authors: Luna H. , Franceschini D. F. , Prioli R. , Guimarães R. B. , Sanchez C. M. , Canal G. P. , Barbosa M. D. L. , Galvão R. M. O.
Published: September 2010

Nanostrucured europium oxide and hydroxide films were obtained by pulsed Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser ablation of a europium metallic target, in the presence of a 1 mbar helium buffer atmosphere. Both the produced film and the ambient plasma were characterized. The plasma was monitored by an electrostatic probe, for plume expansion in vacuum or in the presence of the buffer atmosphere. The time evolution of the ion saturation current was obtained for several probe to substrate distances. The results show the splitting of the plume into two velocity groups, being the lower velocity profile associated with metal cluster formation within the plume. The films were obtained in the presence of helium atmosphere, for several target-to-substrate distances. They were analyzed by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy, for as-deposited and 600 °C treated-in-air samples. The results show that the as-deposited samples are amorphous and have chemical composition compatible with europium hydroxide. The thermally treated samples show x-ray diffraction peaks of Eu2O3, with chemical composition showing excess oxygen. Film nanostructuring was shown to be strongly correlated with cluster formation, as shown by velocity splitting in probe current versus time plots.
Graphene Visualizes the First Water Adlayers on Mica at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Xu Ke , Cao Peigen , Heath James R.
Published: September 2010

Icy Adsorption

The highly mobile nature of adsorbed liquid water on surfaces has made structural studies using atomic force microscopy challenging, especially for the first adsorbed layer. Moreover, scanning probe methods are hindered by the strong interaction between the probe tip and the water molecules. When graphene flakes were deposited on mica,

Xu
et al.

(p.
1188
; see the Perspective by

Katsnelson

) found that they could use atomic force microscopy to image the first and second layers of introduced water. They consistently observed an islandike structure—0.34 nanometers in height, at low humidity—that corresponded to a single layer of ice. At higher humidity, thicker layers with a more liquid nature were observed.
CAR'ing for the Skin
Authors: Shaw Andrey S. , Huang Yina
Published: September 2010

Epidermal T cell responses to injury and infection require stimulation by a protein that maintains cell adhesion and normal dermal integrity.
In Ground-Based Astronomy's Final Frontier, China Aims for New Heights
Authors: Stone Richard
Published: September 2010

At a workshop last month, astronomers unveiled plans to build two major telescopes at Dome A on the East Antarctic icecap during the Chinese government's next 5-year plan, to start in 2011.
Mammoth-Killer Impact Flunks Out
Authors: Kerr Richard A.
Published: September 2010

After a new study failed to find nanodiamonds, impact experts are flatly rejecting outsiders' claims that an impact 12,900 years ago devastated the megafauna.
Robust Hepatitis B Virus Genotyping by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ganova-Raeva L. , Ramachandran S. , Honisch C. , Forbi J. C. , Zhai X. , Khudyakov Y.
Published: September 2010

Genotyping of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is important for tracking HBV infections, prognosticating the development of severe liver disease, and predicting outcomes of therapy. Current genotyping methods can be laborious and costly and rely on subjective data interpretation. To identify less expensive but equally reliable alternatives, we compared “gold standard” sequencing to a novel mass spectrometry approach. Sera from individuals with acute or chronic HBV infection (n= 756), representing all genotypes, were used to PCR amplify the HBV S gene. All amplicons were subjected to base-specific cleavage and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The resulting mass peak patterns were used to identify HBV genotype by automated comparison to peak patterns simulated from reference sets of HBV sequences of known genotypes. The MALDI-TOF MS data and phylogenetic analysis of HBV sequences produced completely concordant results. Several parameters such as genetic relatedness of tested HBV variants to the reference set, chronic infections, and the quality of PCR products can lower the MS score but never affected the accuracy of the genotype call. This new streamlined MS-based method provides for rapid and accurate HBV genotyping, produces automated data reports, and is therefore suitable for routine use in diagnostic settings.
secA1
Gene Sequence Polymorphisms for Species Identification of
Nocardia
Species and Recognition of Intraspecies Genetic Diversity
Authors: Kong Fanrong , Wang Huiping , Zhang Erqing , Sintchenko Vitali , Xiao Meng , Sorrell Tania C. , Chen Xiaoyou , Chen Sharon C.-A.
Published: September 2010

Sequence analysis of the
Nocardia
essential secretory protein SecA1 gene (
secA1
) for species identification of 120 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and clinical isolates of
Nocardia
(16 species) was studied in comparison with 5′-end 606-bp 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Species determination by both methods was concordant for all 10 ATCC strains.
secA1
gene sequencing provided the same species identification as 16S rRNA gene analysis for 94/110 (85.5%) clinical isolates. However, 40 (42.6%) isolates had sequences with <99.0% similarity to archived
secA1
sequences for the species, including 29
Nocardia cyriacigeorgica
(96.6 to 98.9% similarity) and 4
Nocardia veterana
(91.5 to 98.9% similarity) strains. Discrepant species identification was obtained for 16 (14.5%) clinical isolates, including 13/23
Nocardia nova
strains (identified as various
Nocardia
species by
secA1
sequencing) and 1 isolate each of
Nocardia abscessus
(identified as
Nocardia asiatica
),
Nocardia elegans
(
Nocardia africana
), and
Nocardia transvalensis
(
Nocardia blacklockiae
); both
secA1
gene sequence analysis and deduced amino acid sequence analysis determined the species to be different from those assigned by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The
secA1
locus showed high sequence diversity (66 sequence or genetic types versus 40 16S rRNA gene sequence types), which was highest for
N. nova
(14
secA1
sequence types), followed by
Nocardia farcinica
and
N. veterana
(
n
= 7 each); there was only a single sequence type among eight
Nocardia paucivorans
strains. The
secA1
locus has potential for species identification as an adjunct to 16S rRNA gene sequencing but requires additional deduced amino acid sequence analysis. It may be a suitable marker for phylogenetic/subtyping studies.