bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fundamentals of Music Theory
Authors: Edwards Michael , Kitchen John , Moran Nikki , Moir Zack , Worth Richard
Published: October 2021

This open e-book is the result of a project funded by a University of Edinburgh Student Experience Grant, Open e-Textbooks for access to music education. The project was a collaboration between Open Educational Resources Service, and staff and student interns from the Reid School of Music. As a proof-of-concept endeavour, the project aimed to explore how effectively we could convert existing course content into convenient and reusable open formats suitable for use by staff and students both within and beyond the University. The resulting e-book presents open licensed educational materials that deal with the building blocks of musical stave (sometimes known as staff) notation, a language designed to communicate about musical ideas which is in use around the world. The resources in this e-book include video lectures and their transcripts, as well as supporting text explanations, examples and illustrations. The materials introduce topics such as the organisation of discrete pitches into scales and intervals, and temporal organisation of musical sounds as duration, in rhythm and metre. These rudiments are presented through an introduction to the elements of five-line stave notation, and through critical discussion of the advantages and limitations served by notational systems in the representation and analysis of musical sounds. This serves as the basis of further explanations, to illustrate musical concepts including key, time signature, harmonisation, cadence and modulation. We anticipate that subsequent versions of this e-book will update and develop the contents and presentation of the materials, following the success of this student-led collaboration.
Metajelo: a Metadata Package for Journals to Support External Linked Objects
Authors: Vilhuber Lars , Lagoze Carl
Published: October 2021

We propose a metadata package that is intended to provide academic journals with a lightweight means of registering, at the time of publication, the existence and disposition of supplementary materials. Information about the supplementary materials is, in most cases, critical for the reproducibility and replicability of scholarly results. In many instances, these materials are curated by a third party, which may or may not follow developing standards for the identification and description of those materials. As such, the vocabulary described here complements existing initiatives that specify vocabularies to describe the supplementary materials or the repositories and archives in which they have been deposited. Where possible, it reuses elements of relevant other vocabularies, facilitating coexistence with them. Furthermore, it provides an â€œat publicationâ€ record of reproducibility characteristics of a particular article that has been selected for publication. The proposed metadata package documents the key characteristics that journals care about in the case of supplementary materials that are held by third parties: existence, accessibility, and permanence. It does so in a robust, time-invariant fashion at the time of publication, when the editorial decisions are made. It also allows for better documentation of less accessible (non-public data), by treating it symmetrically from the point of view of the journal, therefore increasing the transparency of what up until now has been very opaque.
La codificación y categorización en la teoría fundamentada, un método para el análisis de los datos cualitativos
Authors: Vives Varela Tania , Hamui Sutton Liz
Published: October 2021

Se realizó una revisión acerca de los principales elementos del análisis de primer nivel de los datos cualitativos desde la Teoría Fundamentada. Se describe su concepto y orígenes, la circularidad en el proceso de investigación, el papel del investigador, el muestreo teórico, y se hace énfasis en la codificación y categorización de datos, que son el centro del procedimiento metodológico para hacer manejables los datos y generar una teoría. Este primer nivel de análisis ofrece información valiosa que al ensamblarse con conceptos filosóficos asciende a un segundo nivel de análisis más cercano a la complejidad social.
Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus in Food Products Collected from Riyadh Region
Authors: Mubarak Ayman
Published: October 2021

The goal of this study was to isolate, count, and identify coagulase-negative Staphylococci from meat and dairy products collected in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as well as to perform molecular identification of the mecA gene. In addition, the prevalence of these bacteria among the examined food products was determined. Ninety samples of both meat and dairy products were collected and examined between February 2018 and August 2019. Mannitol salt agar and VITEK 2 system were carried out and VITEK 2 system was used to identify all bacterial isolates. Also, the molecular technique was used to detect the target gene of mecA among CoNS. The proportion of samples in which Staphylococcus species isolated is 13.33% (Camel meat), 6.66% (Beef mortadella), 6.66% (Turkish labneh), 33.33% (Cows cheese), 6.66% (Goat labneh), 13.33% (Nabulsy cheese), 13.33% (Haloumi goat cheese) and 6.66% (Akawy white cheese). Counts of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (as cfu/gm) of sample were around 11×104, 10×104, 9×104, 12×104, 4×105, 11×104 (Nabulsy cheese), 14×104 and 12×104, respectively. The Prevalence of species in both products was 3.30% (Staphylococcus vitulinus), 53.30% (Staphylococcus saprophyticus), 16.66% (Staphylococcus hominis), 6.66%, (Staphylococcus equorum and Staphylococcus lentus) and 13.33% (Staphylococcus sciuri). Furthermore, results showed methicillin specific mecA gene was harbored in 40 % of the CoNS.
Phenotypic Methods for the Detection of Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Production by Gram-negative Bacterial Isolates from Hospitalized Patients in A Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Vamsi K. Sreeja , Moorthy S. Rama , Murali T.S. , Hemiliamma Mary , Reddy Y. Raja Rathna , Reddy B. Rama Chandra , Kumar J. Sunil
Published: October 2021

Drug-resistant bacteria are a global health concern owing to the high morbidity and mortality they can cause, especially in countries such as India. Gram-negative bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter, are primarily responsible for expanding the scope of drug resistance. These antibiotic-resistant pathogens are particularly associated with serious infections in hospitals. The production of carbapenemase by gram-negative bacteria appears to be the major reason for their resistance to carbapenems. The study was a prospective study done from March 2018 to December 2020. All the carbapenem-resistant isolates from various clinical samples were further tested for the production of carbapenemases/metallo-beta-lactamases production by various phenotypic tests like carbaNp, Imipenem–EDTA combined disc synergy test, Double-disc synergy test and E-test methods. Of all carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients in a hospital in India, 237 (88.1%) carbapenemase producers were identified, among which 217 (91.5%) were metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producers. Therefore, the detection of MBL producers is important for preventing their infectious spread. The present study revealed that most MBL producers were isolated from patients of 0–9 to years of age (63.9%). The double-disc synergy test (DDST) and E-test MBL strips were more sensitive than the combined disc test in detecting MBLs. Because the DDST was the simplest and most effective method, it can be used for the routine laboratory screening of MBL producers in hospitals.
Bioactivity and Plant Growth Stimulation Studies using Mangifera indica L. Gum
Authors: Samrot Antony V. , Jie Lee Si , Abirami S. , Renitta R. Emilin , Dhiva S. , Prakash P. , Saigeetha S. , Shobana N.
Published: October 2021

The potential of plant gum as a bioactive agent and plant growth enhancer has not been exploited well and plant gums are suitable for such purposes as they are non-toxic and biodegradable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the potential of Mangifera indica (MI) gum as a bioactive agent and plant growth enhancer. Plant gum was collected from the bark of MI and polysaccharides were extracted, purified and characterized with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC) analyses. Crude and purified polysaccharides were tested for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The crude gum was subjected to plant growth stimulation study like germination percentage, shoot length, root length and wet weight of chilli (Capsicum frutescens). The effect of MI gum on soil porosity and water holding capacity (WHC) was also tested. UV-Vis and GC analyses of gum polysaccharide showed the presence of several types of monosaccharides in MI gum. The plant gum did not show any antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus, but was found to exhibit low antioxidant activity. The gum was found to enhance the seed germination and seedling growth in-vitro and in-vivo.
A fresh look at whistleblower rewards
Authors: Nyreröd Theo , Spagnolo Giancarlo
Published: October 2021

Research on whistleblowing has increased significantly in the last decades, and so has the number of laws governing whistleblowing. Whereas the EU recently enacted a Directive (Directive 2019/1937) protecting whistleblowers, the US has gone one step further long ago, not only protecting them but also offering substantial monetary rewards for their information. More countries are now adopting reward programs, while numerous recent instances of corporate wrongdoing suggest that the central promise of these programs: increasing detection and deterrence of wrongdoing, is highly needed not only in the US. These developments warrant a review on the optimal design of these programs, based on experience and available evidence, to obtain optimal deterrence and avoid policy mistakes. In this paper, we review the evidence for the effectiveness of the US whistleblower reward programs and consider some recent novelties. We also consider objections against these programs and local factors in the US that likely contribute to their success. Finally, we voice some concerns over the EU Directive’s ability to achieve its policy objective of enhancing enforcement of Union law. We find that the evidence for the effectiveness of reward programs is significant, and that common concerns about these programs have not materialized. Whereas much of the prior literature has focused on their viability and effectiveness, further research would do well in focusing on how to effectively design these programs, what has driven their success, and what local national characteristics could hamper their effectiveness outside the US.
Ebselen abolishes vascular dysfunction in influenza A virus-induced exacerbations of cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation in mice
Authors: Brassington Kurt , Chan Stanley , Luca Simone De , Dobric Aleksandar , Mou Kevin , Seow Huei , Oseghale Osezua , Bozinovski Steven , Selemidis Stavros , Vlahos Ross
Published: October 2021

Background and Purpose: People with COPD are susceptible to respiratory
infections which exacerbate pulmonary and/or cardiovascular
complications, increasing their likelihood of death. The mechanisms
driving these complications remain unknown but increased oxidative
stress has been implicated. Here we investigated whether influenza A
virus (IAV) infection, following chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure,
worsens vascular function and if so, whether the antioxidant ebselen
alleviates this vascular dysfunction. Experimental Approach: Male BALB/c
mice were exposed to either room air or CS for 8 weeks followed by
inoculation with IAV (Mem71, 1 x 104.5 pfu)). Mice were treated with
ebselen (10 mg/kg) or vehicle (5% w/v CM-cellulose in water) daily.
Mice were culled 3- and 10-days post-infection, and their lungs lavaged
to assess inflammation. The thoracic aorta was excised to investigate
endothelial and smooth muscle dilator responses, expression of key
vasodilatory and oxidative stress modulators and infiltrating immune
cells. Key Results: CS increased lung inflammation and caused
significant vascular endothelial dysfunction, which was worsened by IAV
infection. CS-driven increases in vascular oxidative stress and
suppression of eNOS were not affected by IAV infection. CS and IAV
infection significantly enhanced T-cell recruitment into the aortic
wall. Ebselen abolished the exaggerated lung inflammation, vascular
dysfunction and increased aortic T-cell infiltration in CS and
IAV-infected mice. Conclusion and Implications: Ebselen abolished
vascular dysfunction in IAV-induced exacerbations of cigarette
smoke-induced lung inflammation indicating it may have potential for the
treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities seen in acute exacerbations of
COPD.
Apropiación social de tecnologías digitales por jóvenes universitarios mayas de Quintana Roo
Authors: Gómez Navarro Dulce Angélica
Published: October 2021

La brecha digital es un problema que se articula con otras desigualdades y afecta a poblaciones en condiciones de pobreza. Así, la mayoría de las regiones indígenas en México presentan dificultades para conectarse, a pesar de que el uso del teléfono celular ha proliferado en la última década en zonas rurales, donde los jóvenes son los usuarios más activos. Este estudio etnográfico retoma el concepto apropiación social de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) desde una perspectiva sociocultural para comprender su aprovechamiento y para analizar los factores sociales que inciden en la apropiación tecnológica de jóvenes mayas de la Universidad Intercultural Maya de Quintana Roo (UIMQROO), los cuales, a pesar de que cuentan con experiencias escolares discontinuas en la adquisición de habilidades digitales, usan cotidianamente las TIC y las redes sociales como parte de la necesidad de pertenecer a la era digital.
User-perceived Response Metrics in Android OS for Software Aging Detection
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yakovyna Vitalii , Uhrynovskyi Bohdan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2021

Mobile systems and devices including Android are vulnerable to the effects of software aging which are manifested in performance degradation during long run-time. It is important to identify efficient system and user interface metrics for detecting and counteracting the software aging effects. The aging metrics used in researches of the Android operating system do not take into account the aging processes in user applications. Therefore, this paper discusses two new graphical user interface metrics that allow to track performance degradation and user applications response time: Frame Draw Time and Janky Frames (dropped or delayed frames). Test framework was implemented to perform stress testing of mobile applications in the Android operating system, to collect system state data during stress test performing and to map obtained raw data into time series. Calculated time series are used for further analysis and study of system and graphical user interface metrics. The considered metrics have been compared to the previously used Android Activity Launch Time metric and RAM usage metrics. Practical results have shown that Frame Draw Time and Janks Frames metrics provide data, which can be useful in most scenarios of mobile application using. Therefore, it is proposed to use the two new metrics in combination with other previously used metrics to detect aging trends in the system state and to study the phenomenon of software aging in general. It is noted that the Frame Draw Time metric value can be mapped to states with determined thresholds for transition between these states. These states and thresholds provide the possibility of developing mathematical models based on Markov chains or forecasting the time to aging-failure using regression methods. The need of further study of the correlations between Frame Draw Time metric, Janky Frames metric and metrics of memory usage by different system processes has been identified. Thus, the expediency of using the proposed metrics in future studies of the aging phenomenon in the Android operating system is substantiated, in particular, the effectiveness of the proposed metrics could be checked for different mobile use cases and for different types of mobile applications.
Construction of an Optimized Multilayer Neural Network Within a Nonlinear Model of Generalized Error
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Peleshchak Roman , Lytvyn Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Peleshchak Ivan ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Vysotska Viktoriia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Cherniak Oksana ,   Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we propose a method for optimizing the structure of a multilayer neural network based on minimizing nonlinear generalized error, which is based on the principle of minimum length of description. According to this principle, the generalized error is determined by the error in the description of the model and the error in the approximation of the data by the neural network in the nonlinear approximation. From the condition of minimizing the generalized network error, the expressions for calculating the optimal network size are given (the number of synaptic connections and the number of neurons in hidden layers). The graphic dependences of the generalized error of the network on the number of synaptic connections between the neurons with different values of input images and the fixed number of educational examples and the graphic dependences of the optimal number of synaptic connections from the number of educational examples with different values of the input images are constructed. The assessment of the degree of complexity of the training of the neural network is carried out on the basis of the ratio of the optimal number of synaptic connections between the neurons and the optimal number of neurons in the hidden layers.
Features of the Knowledge Base of the System of Automated Construction of Logic and Linguistic Models of Text Documents
Authors:   National Aviation University, Vavilenkova Anastasiia
Published: October 2021

The article outlines the problem of finding meaningful units in electronic text documents and analyzes the main shortcomings of existing approaches of extracting knowledge from textual information. The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the process of construction of logic and linguistic models of electronic text documents, in particular the description and research of the peculiarities of knowledge bases of the system of automated construction of logic and linguistic models of Ukrainian- language text documents. The author proposes a scheme of formalization of textual information based on the construction of a logic and linguistic model of an electronic text document. The first stage of construction is the formation of logical and linguistic models of natural language sentences, which uses a specially developed method of automated formation of logical and linguistic models. This method is based on parsing sentences of natural language, using words of natural language as a thesaurus database and using a database of rules to identify logical connections. This in turn is made possible by the author’s developed knowledge base 1, which is used to determine the role of each word in an electronic text document and serves as a production model with formalized rules of the Ukrainian language for forming phrases that can form members of sentence of natural language. The knowledge base 2 was created by the author to find connections between sentences that are part of an electronic text document and is a set of productions that reflect the principles of synthesis of logic and linguistic models of sentences of natural language, ie the rules of combining and replacing structural components of logic and linguistic models of sentences of natural language. The knowledge base 3, used to build the linguistic component of the logic and linguistic model of a text document, is a set of productions that contains the rules of forming of transition networks to interpret the thematic progression of the text. The application of the developed formalized rules was demonstrated on specific text fragments. Applying the developed knowledge bases allows to trace the process of formation of logic and linguistic models of electronic text documents.
Prototype of Information System of Analysis of Structural and Logical Schemes of Educational Programs
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Ivanov Vadym , Kunanets Nataliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lytvyn Vasyl ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2021

The article contains the results of the analysis of the current situation of using system solutions in the creation and improvement of educational programs. During the analysis and research of the subject area the factors influencing the comprehensive development of the student are determined. These factors and curricula have also been linked. The basic terms and key concepts of this subject area are analyzed and their influence and importance are determined. The article identifies the main problem and its relevance, namely — the importance of holistic education and the formation of educational programs in accordance with the latest market trends, taking into account the knowledge base that students receive in previous courses of their studies. The productivity and value of the use of selected solutions used in the formation of educational programs and curricula are studied. An analysis of what should be implicit in the system in order for it to help solve the problem and form quality educational programs. As a result of the analysis and research, it was concluded that the existing functionality of the existing solutions is insufficient to fully ensure the solution of the problem. The main characteristics of the system designed for the creation and analysis of educational programs are determined. A prototype of an information system for solving problems of formation and analysis of educational programs in higher education institutions is proposed. According to the analysis, the format of representation of the visual component of the system is determined, the method of representation with the help of structural-logical schemes is chosen. The article presents the key aspects of its functionality of the designed system. The means of presenting the logic and functionality of the system are selected, UML diagrams are selected and built to determine the tasks of the main modules and the principles of its operation. The constructed diagrams of the system are analyzed, the diagrams and their features are described.
Information Technology Support of Education of Students With Autism: Aspects of Virtual Assistant Modeling
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Andrunyk Vasyl , Shestakevych Tetiana ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2021

People with autism find that interacting with a computer or tablet is less stressful and more attractive than interacting with people. The analysis of information technologies developed both abroad and in Ukraine reveals the lack of systematic support for the education processes of people with autism. In this context, the development of personalized information technology support for the learning processes of such students is an urgent scientific and practical task. To achieve this goal it is necessary to explore the theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching people with autism and state the role of IT support of such education. Experts agree that the main areas of development of information technology to support the training of students with autism are the improvement of communication skills, improvement of social communication, and academic training. The method of personalization of virtual content of information technologies developed or adjusted to support education of students with autism should take into account the results psychological diagnostics of a student, his/her educational abilities and needs, and also such method might involve the participation of paraprofessionals and parents of a student. When developing such a method, it should be taken into account that some students might use non-verbal communication only, and an algorithm for evaluating the emotions of a student with autism should be developed. The most promising technologies which can be with an appropriate level of ease be adapted into the education of students with autism are augmented and virtual reality technologies. According to the developed method of personalization of virtual content of information technologies, different modeling and visualization software should be used.
Study on the Influence of Direct Contact Network Topology on the Speed of Spread of Infectious Diseases in the Covid-19 Case
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kuryliak Yulian , Emmerich Michael ,   LIACS Leiden University, Dosyn Dmytro ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2021

The management of epidemics received much interest in recent times, due to devastating outbreaks of epidemic diseases such as Ebola and COVID-19. This paper investigates the effect of the structure of the contact network on the dynamics of the epidemic outbreak. In particular we focus on the peak number of critically infected nodes, because this determines the workload of intensive health-care units and should be kept low when managing an epidemic. Simulation of virus propagation in complex networks of different topologies, generated according to the models of Erdős—Rényi, Watts-Strogatz, Barabási—Albert and in complete graph. Continuous-time Markov chains were used to simulate the infection process. The simulation was performed in networks with 200 nodes and different number of edges. The difference between the influence of age- and gender-determined and weighted characteristics of nodes on the number of critically infected nodes that can be used to predict the load on the hospital is analyzed. The analysis used the data of the demographic distribution of Ukraine as of 2020 and data on mortality from COVID-19 in Ukraine, as of December 16, 2020. It is proved that the deterministic characteristics a slightly lower values of critically infected, in small networks. According to the simulation results, it was proven that for one medium degree of connection, the largest peak number of infections is observed in the Barabási—Albert models, slightly less in the Erdős— Rényi models and the smallest in the Watts-Strogatz model. It is established that the main difference between these networks is the average shortest distance. It is proved that the main influence on the propagation rate has the average shortest distance between network nodes, location, clustering coefficient has less influence. It was found that with a large number of edges in the networks, the difference in the prevalence of viruses in the models of the Erdős—Rényi and Barabási—Albert networks is minimized, despite the reduction of the average shortest distance between nodes.
Industri Halal di Aceh: Strategi dan Perkembangan
Authors: Razali Ramadhan , Syahputra Angga , Ulfah Almira Keumala
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the strategy and development of the halal industry in the province of Aceh. This research is qualitative research, using a literature review approach from various previous studies. This study uses secondary data obtained from journals, documentation, books, and reports from related parties such as the literally Central Agency on Statistics, LPPOM MPU, LPPOM MUI, Aceh Culture and Tourism Office, and related parties.The results of the study found that Aceh Province is one of the provinces that implement sharia in all sectors. The application of Islam is not only in banking but is also applied to tourism, food, and other halal industries, however, the optimization of the halal industry cannot be felt optimally. The development of a halal industry strategy needs support from the local government. One strategy that must be done is to issue a halal certificate easily but professionally. In addition, to maximize the halal industry, especially halal tourism, local governments must also pay attention to the existing infrastructure. With the maximum development strategy carried out, it is expected to increase the halal industry, especially halal tourism in Aceh Province
Value for all? Dynamics of partnership formation in occupational healthcare collaboration
Authors: Kork Anna-Aurora , Koskela Inka , Turpeinen Merja
Published: October 2021

Interorganizational relationships take advantages of surrounding networks to create value. However, there is little processual understanding of how cooperative partnerships ‘work’ in healthcare collaboration. From the value creation perspective, their mobilization, management and maintenance are challenging. To understand the value of cooperative partnerships, we explore the dynamics of partnership formation in occupational healthcare collaboration.
The empirical data is based on a two-year qualitative case study examining e-value co-creation in healthcare. The research data was obtained through a participatory action research method. We facilitated and followed up a developmental process of the partnership between an occupational health service company and its customer organization. This partnership aimed to add strategic value through the co-creation method to improve the well-being of employees and to promote eHealth solutions.
In analyzing the data, we adopted a process orientation that allowed us to explore dynamics in partnership formation and its e-value co-creation. We used Ring and Van de Ven’s [1] framework to examine how cooperative interorganizational relationship develops through the stages of negotiation, commitment and execution. Our longitudinal case study analysis reveals how interaction, mutual sensemaking and institutional logics affect partnership and its value creation.
The results show that the formation of a cooperative partnership is a challenging inter-organizational learning process. Our study demonstrates three tensions characterizing the dynamics of partnership: asymmetrical roles and positions between partners (customer and service provider) in co-creation, exploitation of institutionalized practices versus the exploration of new methods for collaboration, and tradeoffs between the operational logic and the co-creation logic.
To create value for all in cooperative partnership, we emphasize the necessity of dialogue, mutual trust, interorganizational learning and processual feedback of accomplishments. At its best, cooperative partnership in healthcare collaboration can challenge existing practices of service provision and develop new concepts, roles and tools to promote health and well-being at workplaces through co-creation as a working method in occupational health collaboration.
Information system support for medical secretaries’ work in patient administration tasks in different phases of the care process
Authors: Santavirta Jenni , Kuusisto Anne , Saranto Kaija , Suominen Tarja , Asikainen Paula
Published: October 2021

Medical secretaries may have several separate electronic nursing information systems in use, but regardless of the systems, their task is to make sure that the patient information is correct and usable.
The purpose of this study is to describe the support provided by the hospital information systems for the work of medical secretaries in patient administration tasks in different phases of the care process. The data were collected in a central hospital where medical secretaries had long been using partly electronic information systems. The data were collected using an abridged version of the Hospital Information System Monitor (HIS-monitor).
The majority of the secretaries (N=60) gave a positive assessment for the support provided by the information system for their work at patient admission, when ordering diagnostic or therapeutic examinations or procedures, and at patient discharge. In the planning and organization of care, most thought that the systems provided poor support for informing all those involved in patient care. At patient admission, nearly half considered that the support for ensuring data protection (46%) and the systems’ compliance with legal obligations (44%) was poor. In connection with ordering diagnostic and therapeutic examinations and procedures, nearly half (43%) thought that information on the availability in ancillary units was not readily and easily available. At patient discharge, 40% considered that the systems did not support the identification of missing or incorrect information.
The hospital information system provides partial support for medical secretaries’ work. The implementation of fully electronic systems and their functions may improve the support.
Consideraciones para fortalecer la vinculación universitaria en territorios rurales. Reflexiones con base en el estudio de sistemas de producción
Authors: Tamayo Christian Vicente , Cuichán Catagña Doris Pilar , Ayala Rodríguez Vinicio Germán , Pumisacho Gualoto Manuel María , Sevillano Vásquez Gustavo Fernando
Published: October 2021

En la parroquia Puéllaro se identificó la dinámica agraria y el modelo actual de vinculación con la sociedad con el objetivo de generar algunas consideraciones que se puedan aplicar para fortalecer el proceso impulsado en este territorio. Para el efecto, se realizaron recorridos de campo, entrevistas y estudios de caso en fincas, considerando tipologías de productores. Las actividades son realizadas mediante la articulación de dos actores: universidad y gobierno local en el marco de un proyecto de servicio comunitario. El principal sector intervenido se sitúa en áreas bajas y cálidas con producción frutícola; sin embargo, el análisis agrario evidenció la existencia de otras zonas agroecológicas con características productivas distintas, problemáticas más complejas y condiciones de vulnerabilidad de la población. Las pautas para fortalecer el trabajo promovido están relacionadas con: (i) Considerar la diversidad agroecológica y tipología de productores; (ii) Estructurar equipos interdisciplinarios; (iii) Promover mayor participación de líderes comunitarios y productores; y (iv) Explorar otras líneas de acción, especialmente a través de la investigación y educación continua. La realidad campesina identificada, en relación al limitado acceso a la tierra, carencia de riego y bajos ingresos agrícolas, puso en evidencia la necesidad de articulación con otros actores con competencia en el sector rural. Los elementos generados constituyen una guía para fortalecer el servicio a la colectividad en el sector rural y orientar la formulación de propuestas más amplias.
Analysis of risk factors affecting suicidal ideation in South Korea by life cycle stage
Authors: Hwang Ji-Young , Park Il-Su
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study analyzed risk factors for suicidal ideation in South Koreans from a life cycle perspective.Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted of data collected in 2015 as part of the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The participants comprised 5,935 individuals aged 12 years or older. The statistical analysis reflected the complex sampling design of the KNHANES, and the Rao-Scott chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 5.7% in adolescents, 3.7% in young adults, 5.4% in middle-aged adults, and 7.0% in older adults. Depression and stress were risk factors in every stage of the life cycle. In those aged 12 to 19 years, activity restrictions were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Education and subjective health status were risk factors in adults aged 20 to 39 years, and education, activity restrictions, and quality of life were the major risk factors in those aged 40 to 64 years. For adults 65 years of age or older, the risk of suicidal ideation was higher among those with inappropriate sleep time.Conclusion: The risk factors for suicidal ideation were found to be different across stages of the life cycle. This suggests a need for individualized suicide prevention plans and specific government policies that reflect the characteristics of each life cycle stage.
Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures Treated with a Hybrid External Fixator – Long Term Results
Authors: Andonov Y.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: High energy tibial plateau fractures represent a challenge because of the combined bone and soft tissue injury. The iatrogenic impact can further increase the likelihood for crippling complications. Less invasive treatment protocols have been developed to improve the results.

Objective: We present the long-term results of limited internal fixation combined with a small wire external fixator.

Patients and Methods: Fourteen patients were followed for at least 10 years. Initial and final functional results, complications and presence of joint degeneration were registered according to validated rating scores.

Results: Of all patients included in the study, thirteen showed an excellent initial rating and one had an average result at baseline. 10 years later, eight patients still showed excellent grading results, four – good ones, one – average and one – poor results. Ten knees (71%) had osteoarthritis. Postphlebitic syndrome was diagnosed in two cases. Three knees showed medio-lateral instability, one showed a varus and one – a valgus deformity. Knee arthroplasty was performed in one case.

Conclusion: The limited internal fixation combined with a hybrid ex fix can be considered as an alternative to the ORIF, especially when the soft tissues are severely compromised. Despite the inevitable joint degeneration, the associated overall morbidity is low and the long term function is quite satisfactory.
DISHphagia – A Riddle Unwrapped a Clinical Case with Literature Review
Authors: Valkov H. , Kovacheva-Slavova M. , Lyutakov I. , Angelov T. , Getsov P. , Vladimirov B. , Penchev P.
Published: October 2021

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a common but underdiagnosed systemic skeletal disease. It is characterized by calcifications affecting mainly the spinal anterior longitudinal ligament. In the majority of cases, the patients are asymptomatic, but cervical osteophytes can sometimes cause hoarseness, dysphagia (DISHphagia) and even dyspnea.

Case description: A 61-year-old man was admitted to our department with complaints of difficulty in swallowing and weight loss. Dysphagia had been increasing gradually for nine months. Barium swallow esophagram revealed asymmetric swallowing with expansion above the upper esophageal sphincter without other abnormalities. The extension was confirmed by esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD). Furthermore, CT scan of the thorax clearly demonstrated degenerative changes of the cervical and thoracic region, extensive ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament, and osteophytes from C2-C7 with a forward displacement of the esophagus by 14 mm. The so-called “wax dripping down the candle” phenomenon was as well observed.

Conclusion: DISH is a systematic, musculo-skeletal disease of older adults with unknown etiology. Dysphagia is the most common symptom of the disease and might be caused by osteophytes of the cervical region. We presented a case of DISH with a rare localization of the osteophytes in the cervical region C2-C7. Due to the increasing incidence of the Forestier’s syndrome and its associated “DISHphagia”, the gastroenterologist should increase the awareness of this underestimated disease and improve the diagnostic approach.
Er:Yag Laser Root Modification for Single Root Recession Class III Coverage – Case Report
Authors: Yaneva B.
Published: October 2021

Gingival recession is a common dental condition causing esthetic and functional problems to the patients. In the present case report gingival recession Miller class III is treated with bilaminar technique and subepithelial connective tissue graft where the tooth root surface is modified by Er:YAG laser and the case is observed for 5 months. There were no complications or side effects during the surgery and the healing period. The patient was stable after 5 months of follow-up. It could be concluded that the Er:YAG laser could be used in addition to mucogingival surgery, but longer observation and more studies are needed to clarify and prove its adjunctive application.
Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19: A Case Series Study
Authors: Zamanian M. H. , Janbakhsh A. , Mansouri F. , Sayad B. , Afsharian M. , Vaziri S. , Mahdavian B. , Afshar Z. M. , Miladi R. , Shirvani M. , Noori M. , Salimi M. , Babazadeh A. , Ebrahimpour S.
Published: October 2021

There are some reports about the neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19. We present neurological manifestations in 6 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The patients presented with common symptoms of COVID-19 along with common findings from high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan such as ground-glass opacities (GGOs). Though, RT-PCR testing of SARS-CoV-2 was negative for all 6 cases. In the current report, acute cerebrovascular diseases affected older patients, while dementia, seizure and encephalopathy affected younger ones. Three of the 6 patients had proven strokes based on their neuroimaging. Four of the 6 patients had high d-dimer levels. Two of the cases experienced convulsion. The third patient presented with typical symptoms and signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The sixth case was interesting for transient dementia. Unfortunately, four out of six patients died. The recent case series report the association between neurological involvements and COVID-19 infection. Clinicians should be alert of the neurologic symptoms in the setting of COVID-19, which might even be the first presentations of this infection.
Results from Observational Studies in Real Therapeutic Practice in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Milushewa P. K.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the present work is to summarize the available data from observational studies performed in a real clinical setting of patients with active COVID-19 infection.A systematic review of publications in the scientific medical literature was conducted during the period from the beginning of the infection to the end of June, 2021. All of the 28 publications included in this review are full-text, observational studies published in English, conducted in a real clinical environment and present data on patients, who have been infected with COVID-19. Out of the 28 studies, 4 reviewed the possibility of a mother to infect her newborn during pregnancy or breastfeeding and found no risk to children. One study was related to children and adolescents of all races and included also patients with MIS-C and comorbidities. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (HFNC) with a nasal cannula in patients with respiratory failure has been also explored and was reported to lead to a positive outcome. Three papers were dedicated to assessment of COVID-19 Standard of Care (SoC), in particular administration of hydroxychloroquine and doxycycline, favipiravir and remdesivir. Another three articles reviewed a large cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The mortality was higher in patients who were in the ICU. Observational studies of patients with COVID-19 in a real life setting are relatively limited, but provide valuable information on the risks of the disease in adults, children and newborns, as well as the treatment of complications of the infection.
Atopic Dermatitis: From Etiology and History to Treatment
Authors: Dourmishev L. , Mironova N.
Published: October 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease in patients with atopy. Atopy itself, is defined as a predisposition to develop immune response with overproduction of immunoglobulin E to low doses of allergens. AD is one of the most common skin disorders in the developed world, affecting up to 20% of children and about 3% of adults. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex, with both genetic and environmental factors playing a significant role in it. Clinically, hallmarks of atopic dermatitis include dry, itchy skin and various cutaneous efflorescence, compatible to dermatitis or eczema. Atopic dermatitis subdivides into three morphological variants manifesting during infancy, childhood and adulthood. Various environmental factors and associated diseases may have serious influence on the clinical course or may trigger disease relapses. The aim of this review article is to serve as a comprehensive overview of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical course and diagnosis, as well as potential challenges facing the successful treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Infection, Inflammation and Immunity in Covid-19 Infection
Authors: Cherneva R. , Cherneva Z.
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has increased the burden on healthcare system. Despite some progress in its diagnostics has been made, effective prevention and treatment are still insufficient. Since SARS-CoV-2 infections often cause systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure, the therapeutic options aimed at modulating the host immune responses to prevent subsequent systemic complications are demanding. The review provides a summary of the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and underlines the current perception of pulmonary host’s immune response and its contributions to disease severity and systemic inflammation. Signaling pathways which have the potential to manipulate host immunity and improve clinical outcomes are also presented.
Do Praguers differ from Czechs? Selected topics of recent intergroup antagonism attempts
Authors: Jarabinský Ivan
Published: October 2021

Due to the recent attempts to divide Czech society based on the antagonism between Prague and the countryside, this study researches some of the aspects of this division—basic human values and the national identity of the inhabitants of Prague. These very basic level sources of the antagonism are researched via a combination of ISSP (National identity III module) and ESS (Round 8) surveys and two focus groups with Prague inhabitants. The results show that there are no real, or wrongly interpreted, differences between Praguers and people in the countryside with respect to both basic human values and Czech national identity. Regarding the basic human values of the two groups, only the conservation value dimension is stronger outside Prague. However, this value dimension is inherently ambiguous because its value of security is stronger within Prague, which is in contrast to values of conformity and tradition that are stronger outside Prague. In addition to this, conservation is still the stronger dimension within Prague compared with the openness to change value dimension. Praguers are rather compelled to be open and they are capable of adapting, even if their values are more conservative. The same values prevail among people within and outside Prague, which has been confirmed in the focus groups. There are also more similarities between the two groups in their national identities, e.g., when they are less nationalistic than patriotic. Both groups are of similar strength for patriotism and nationalism. The sources of national pride among the two groups are very similar and Praguers are those who can be labeled as being prouder in a few of the aspects of the Czech nation. The division between Praguers and non-Praguers seems to be rather artificial and based on inaccurate perceptions and/or interpretations.