bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Library Resources and Services by the Library Users: A Case Study of DAV University Jalandhar (Punjab)
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Singh Jagjit
Published: August 2017

Library plays an important role in the growth and development of an institution. The present study investigates the use of library resources and services. The study reveals that 82.05% (Sciences) and 75.00% (Engineering) visit the library to use Internet, 77.50% (Engineering), 58.97% (Sciences) and 51.72% (Humanities) for study purpose, 72.5% (Engineering), 69.23% (Sciences) and 51.72% (Humanities) for the circulation of library resources, 50% (Engineering), 35.89% (Sciences) and 27.58% (Humanities) for reading purpose, 5% (Engineering), 5.13% (Sciences) and 3.45% (Humanities) for preparing lecture and very less number of users 12.5% (Engineering), 10.2% (Sciences) and 10.34% (Humanities) visit the library for other purposes.
Motivational Factors for Faculty Contribution to Institutional Repositories and their Awareness of Open Access Publishing
Authors: Gunasekera Chamani
Published: August 2017

The main objective of the study was to examine the perceptions and attitudes towards Institutional Repositories (IR) and open access publishing among the faculty members in the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Survey method was adapted and a questionnaire was distributed among all permanent academics in the Faculty of Arts, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. The results revealed that only 40% of the respondents were aware of open access publishing and nearly 15% of them had never heard of "open access". These results gave an insight that majority of the respondents are not familiar with 'open access'. The results further revealed that 15% of the respondents learnt about institutional repositories through web search engine while 13% learnt from information provided at faculty or meeting held in the university and by working in subject based archives. Only 44% of the respondents were aware of the university digital repository and 47% mentioned that they were not aware of it. The interesting finding is that 55% of the respondents reported their willingness to contribute to the university digital repository in future while 18% of them were not willing to contribute. Most of the respondents contributed to IR because they support the principle of open access and the major barrier to contribute to IR is fear of plagiarism.
Measuring Quality and Quantity of Indian Library and Information Science Research Output
Authors: Chauhan Suresh K. , Mahajan Preeti
Published: August 2017

This paper is based on a bibliometric analysis of Library and Information Science (LIS) research publications in India. The data for the period 1951-2010 was extracted from the Science Citation Index (SCI) and grouped into six blocks each covering a period of ten years. Apart from papers, the present study also touched upon production of Ph.Ds in library and information science in India. The average annual growth of Ph.Ds is 31.05% in the total span of sixty years, whereas average annual growth was found to be 26.07% in the same period. Information centres contributed 6% of total LIS research output whereas highest contribution (34%) was made by LIS professionals working in technical institutions. Over 50% papers were of single authorship. The low productivity and quality of research output in library and information science is also discussed.
ATORES, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E EXPANSÃO URBANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE MONTE SIÃO, MG, ENTRE 1962 E 2012
Authors: Silva Rafael Lúcio da , Costa Sandra Maria Fonseca da
Published: August 2017

Este estudo propõe, a partir de uma abordagem teórica e um estudo empírico, compreender as relações inseridas no processo de expansão urbana, levando em consideração os diferentes agentes estruturadores do espaço urbano. Para tanto, estudamos a cidade de Monte Sião, localizada no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, Microrregião Geográfica de Pouso Alegre, município limítrofe com o Estado de São Paulo, considerada a “Capital Nacional do Tricô”. A hipótese, ora abordada, é que, com o declínio da atividade rural no município de Monte Sião e a consolidação de uma nova atividade econômica com a especialização na produção de malhas e a diversificação do setor têxtil, impulsionado pelo turismo, o foco de investimentos da população passou a ser o mercado de terras, o que promoveu uma expansão acelerada do perímetro urbano, a partir da década 1970, e atraiu grande contingente populacional de outros estados. O desenvolvimento desta nova economia no município propiciou uma rápida expansão do perímetro urbano e grande valorização da terra urbana, o que causou uma nova estruturação do espaço urbano local. Foi quantificada a expansão urbana da cidade de Monte Sião-MG, entre 1962 e 2012, utilizando-se fotografias aéreas e imagens de satélite, bem como e estudada a relação entre esse crescimento e os aspectos socioeconômicos e político-institucionais, nesse período.
LINHA DE CUIDADO AO CÂNCER DE COLO DE ÚTERO E MAMA NO LITORAL NORTE PAULISTA SOB O OLHAR DE COORDENADORES DE UNIDADES DE ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA EM SAÚDE
Authors: Helbusto Natália Barboza , Vianna Paula Vilhena Carnevale
Published: August 2017

Em 2015, o Plano Regional da Rede de Oncologia da Região de Saúde 17 (RRAS17) estabeleceu parâmetros de organização e encaminhamentos dos serviços de atenção primária, secundária e terciária que compõem a rede. Esta pesquisa visou avaliar a percepção dos coordenadores das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs) acerca do funcionamento da linha de cuidado ao câncer de mama e colo de útero no Litoral Norte (LN), uma das quatro regiões de saúde da RRAS17, cujos indicadores apontam lacunas no cuidado integral a portadoras dessas patologias. A aplicação de questionário estruturado mostrou que, para os coordenadores, os serviços estão integrados e o funcionamento da linha de cuidado para essas condições é cumprido, embora pontos críticos, como a educação permanente, a supervisão técnica e a participação social devam ser aprimorados.
Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2) as A Therapeutical Target in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Authors: Hendrawati Asri
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND: Increasing free radicals and oxidative stress due to chronic hyperglycemia in type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) promotes the activity of endogenic antioxidative genes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and activity are important to regulate the production of endogenic antioxidative enzymes.CONTENT: Normally, Nrf2 is bound by protein Kelchlike ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) in the cytosol. Stimulation from oxidative stress causes the release of Nrf2 from Keap1. When activated, Nrf2 enters the nucleus and activates the antioxidant response element (ARE). This will further increase the production of antioxidative enzymes, such as catalase, nitrite oxydase and heme oxygenase-1. The discovery of oxidative stress, as the cause of complications in DM, gives rise to the idea of developing a treatment which can increase the expression and activity of Nrf2, one of which is a flavonoid antioxidant.SUMMARY: Currently, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is an important target in the therapy of DM.KEYWORDS: Nrf2, type-2 diabetes mellitus, endogenic antioxidative enzymes, oxidative stress, antioxidants
Study on the Operating Mechanism of Catastrophe Compensation Fund
Authors: Pan Xilong , Zhang Lin , Deng Bowen , Liu Menjiao
Published: August 2017

Under the situation of undeveloped catastrophe insurance and serious catastrophe risk in China, the operating mechanism of Catastrophe Compensation Fund (CCF) is studied systematically, which is based on the Pan Xilong’s study on CCF in 2010. The study focused on the classification of registration district, the calculation and adjustment of compensation ratio, the pricing of CCF certificates, etc. It shows that CCF is an innovational solution to deal with catastrophe risk in both the view of theory and practice.
Research on the Influence of Internet to the Innovation of Marketing
Authors: Lin Haiyi
Published: August 2017

In the process of growing domestic economy, marketing plays is a very important role, it is not only the different companies to form a functional sales team, but also for the company to bring high economic efficiency. With the advent of the era of the Internet, many economists and companies explore whether marketing should be in this period to achieve a new leap forward? The answer is yes. We are studying the influence of the Internet on innovation and marketing by putting some suggestions and strategies for innovation and development.
Silver-Russell Syndrome: A Review
Authors: Spiteri Bernice Sophie , Stafrace Yanika , Calleja-Agius Jean
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare congenital imprinting disorder. The genetic findings in SRS patients are heterogeneous and often sporadic. However, chromosomes 7, 11, and 17 are consistently involved in all individuals who meet the strict diagnostic criteria of SRS. There are many clinical features characteristic of SRS; the most common are low birth weight, short stature, triangular face, clinodactyly, relative macrocephaly, ear anomalies, and skeletal asymmetry.
Karakteristik Pendidikan yang Menebus di Suatu Sekolah Kristen [The Characteristics of Redemptive Education In a Christian School]
Authors: Nadeak Erni Hanna , Hidayat Dylmoon
Published: August 2017

The vision and mission of a Christian School are to implement redemptive education in the school that includes learning processes and other school components. The purpose of this research is to determine the understanding of leaders and teachers about redemptive education. The research constitutes theory-grounded qualitative research. The instruments were interview guideline, documents, and observation. The subjects were 13 teachers and leaders of the school. The data processing was conducted by means of analyzing open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The research revealed 5 characteristics of redemptive education in the school, namely education that is consciousness of sin, Christ-centered education, education that has eternal perspective, education with holistic subjects, and discipleship education.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Visi dan misi dari suatu sekolah Kristen adalah untuk menerapkan pendidikan yang menebus di dalam sekolah yang meliputi proses pembelajaran dan komponen sekolah lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemahaman pimpinan dan guru tentang pendidikan yang menebus di sekolah ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif grounded theory. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah wawancara, dokumen, dan observasi. Subjek penelitian adalah 13 guru dan pimpinan dari Sekolah Kristen tersebut. Pengolahan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan analisis kode terbuka, kode aksial, kode selektif. Penelitian ini mengungkap 5 karakteristik pendidikan yang menebus pada sekolah tersebut, yaitu pendidikan yang memiliki kesadaran akan dosa, pendidikan yang berpusat kepada Kristus, pendidikan yang memiliki perspektif kekekalan, pendidikan dengan holistik subjek dan pendidikan yang memuridkan.
O ensino da Geologia nas escolas portuguesas, durante o século XIX e primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Amador Filomena
Published: August 2017

Neste trabalho, procuramos descrever e caracterizar as diferentes fases por que passou o ensino da Geologia, em Portugal, com particular destaque para o período que vai desde a criação dos primeiros liceus até aos anos cinqüenta do século XX. Para esse feito, suportamo-nos numa análise de documentação legal, referente aos curricula, em paralelo, com a análise dos manuais escolares associados a cada uma das reformas programáticas, procurando identificar através da introdução de uma perspectiva histórica continuidades e rupturas que ajudem a caracterizar a evolução do ensino da Geologia
Geologia como uma ciência histórica da natureza
Authors: Potapova Marina
Published: August 2017

A geologia como ciência teórica está sem dúvida passando por uma de suas crises de crescimento. Isto é visto, em particular, nas contribuições contraditórias sobre seu objeto, conteúdo e método. Ouvem-se proposições de que a noção de geologia como uma ciência que trata da história da Terra há muito tornou-se antiquada, que a Geofísica, a Geoquímica e outras são as únicas ciências teóricas da Terra.
Wiegand, Patrick. Learning and Teaching with maps Londonn: Routledge, 2006
Authors: Oliveira Adriano Rodrigo
Published: August 2017

O livro Learning and teaching with maps, de autoria do professor Patrick Wiegand, pesquisador da didática da geografia e cartografia na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de Leeds, na Inglaterra, faz uma extensa revisão bibliográfica de estudos e publicações em língua inglesa relacionados ao ensino e à aprendizagem de mapas no contexto escolar; temática de relevância para professores e pesquisadores do ensino de geografia, geociências e pedagogia.
Riolito, o Vulcão Pernambucano
Authors: Mariano Gorki , Barbosa José Antonio
Published: August 2017

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O ensino de Geologia e a profissão de geólogo
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: August 2017

Editorial
Ensino de técnicas de análises de minerais com ênfase na interpretação de dados: teoria e prática na formação do geólogo
Authors: Cunha Carlos Jorge da , Guimarães Orliney Maciel , Araújo Márcio Peres de , Vasconcellos Eleonora Maria Gouvêa , Martins Joaniel Munhoz , Reis Neto José Manoel dos , Martins Fernanda Machado
Published: August 2017

Atividade didática inicialmente desenvolvida na disciplina Química Inorgânica Experimental, ministrada aos alunos do Curso de Geologia da UFPR objetivou atender às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para formação do geólogo e do engenheiro geólogo. A atividade buscou articular teoria e prática por meio da interpretação de dados de análise instrumental de caracterização elementar, estrutural e mineralógica de minerais e rochas. Para desenvolvimento, 12 amostras de minerais foram selecionadas e analisadas por fluorescência de raios X, difração de raios X de pó, microscopia eletrônica de varredura com sonda EDS e microscopia óptica (Petrografia). Documento com os resultados não-interpretados foi disponibilizado aos alunos em uma homepage e foi solicitado que os alunos identificassem as amostras por meio da interpretação dos dados. A avaliação dos professores ao final do trabalho foi de que a proposta apresentada é adequada para a disciplina de Mineralogia Descritiva e ajuda a atender às demandas exigidas para formação do geólogo, que hoje passam pelo pensar, pelo ler a realidade, compreender os processos, identificar problemas e gerar soluções, exigindo a articulação entre o fazer e o conhecer
Perspectivas actuais sobre o ensino das ciências: clarificação de caminhos
Authors: Bonito Jorge
Published: August 2017

A perspectiva construtivista da aprendizagem contaminou as orientações da educação científica actual, embora o papel do aluno na construção e na transformação do conhecimento seja assumido de forma distinta pelos diversos autores. Um dos vultos do desenvolvimento cognitivo é Barbara Rogoff, com o seu modelo de aprendizagens do pensamento. A investigação sobre o conhecimento do aluno e do professor é, actualmente, um dos aspectos que tem sido bem investigado no campo da formação de professores. Alguns estudos realizados no domínio da educação têm contribuído com alguns dados distintivos entre as formas de resolver problemas pelo aluno e as maneiras utilizadas por um especialista. É possível, no momento, sintetizar os principais contributos da psicologia cognitiva para o ensino das ciências, em um modelo de estratégias que deve ser envolvente, e que é pelo autor designado de “octópode pedagógico”
Recursos geoambientales y ciudadanía
Authors: Lacreu Hector Luis
Published: August 2017

Se exponen fundamentos y finalidades de un proyecto de investigación diseñado para revalorizar la articulación Universidad-Comunidad por intermedio de intervenciones en las relaciones Sociedad-Naturaleza, utilizando estrategias de formación ciudadana. Se orienta al desarrollo de una cultura emancipatoria que aporte al desarrollo sostenible y al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida. Su complejidad requiere abordajes interdisciplinarios, mediante investigaciones geológicas y didácticas que permitirían la construcción de conocimientos sobre los recursos geoambientales de algunas localidades y su adecuación para transferirlos a los diferentes sectores de cada población. Se intenta mejorar la formación ciudadana, concebida como la capacidad del individuo para influir conscientemente en su propia situación y en la de otros, en una sociedad democrática. Para ello se concretarán talleres de capacitación docente y otros destinados a profesionales, comerciantes, etc. y otros interesados. Las actividades prevén la elaboración previa de recursos didácticos contextualizados en cada región que incluyen trabajos de campo reflexivos y conducentes al fortalecimiento de las competencias ciudadanas para cuyo fin se adoptará el enfoque de “aprendizaje por la investigación”, dentro de la metodología de investigación – acción a fin de permitir un adecuado monitoreo y evaluación de los resultados.
Relato Final do VI Encontro do Fórum Nacional de Cursos de Geologia, 2006
Authors: Assis José Fernando Pina , Fantinel Lucia , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: August 2017

O VI Encontro do Fórum Nacional de Cursos de Geologia foi promovido entre os dias 30 de maio e 2 de junho de 2006, pelas seguintes universidades: Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Univ. Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) e do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) e pela Sociedade Brasileira de Geologia (SBGeo), nos institutos aos quais estão vinculados os cursos de Geologia das três instituições.
Relato Final de Reunião do Fórum Nacional de Cursos de Geologia, 2006
Authors: Assis José Fernando Pina , Fantinel Lucia
Published: August 2017

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Diretrizes Curriculares para os Cursos de Graduação em Geologia e Engenharia Geológica
Authors: Fantinel Lucia , Janasi Valdecir de Assis , Assis José Fernando Pina , Alecrim Jose Duarte , Almeida Harrizon Lima de , Compiani Mauricio , Conceição Rommulo Vieira , Duarte Beatriz Paschoal , Fauth Gerson , Fonseca Vanildo Pereira da , Fortes Paulo , Leite Júnior Washington Barbosa , Mancini Fernando , Menezes Messias Gilmar de , Silva Carlos Humberto da , Silva Filho Wellington Ferreira da , Barroso Emilio Velloso , Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: August 2017

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Sal: Geologia e Tectônica. Exemplos nas Bacias Brasileiras. Org: Webster Mohriak, Peter Szatmari e Sylvia M. Couto Anjos
Authors: Carneiro Celso Dal Ré
Published: August 2017

Resenha
A astronomia, a moderna Geologia, e a profissão de geólogo no Brasil
Authors: Editorial Conselho
Published: August 2017

A oportunidade aberta pela promulgação do Ano Internacional de Astronomia em 2009 expande para a geologia, e em particular para os especialistas dedicados à geologia planetária, campos notáveis de evolução e desenvolvimento conceitual. As sondas interplanetárias, os poderosos telescópios colocados em órbita da Terra e os incontáveis satélites de observação trazem conhecimentos surpreendentes a cada semana. Fica cada vez mais evidente o fato de serem absolutamente singulares as condições para desenvolvimento de vida, no minúsculo planeta que nos acolhe.
A história recente das ciências da terra como estratégia de ensino para confrontar representações epistemológicas ingênuas
Authors: Bonan Leonor
Published: August 2017

O ambiente outdoor vem sendo reconhecido pela investigação como importante no âmbito da Educação em Ciência (EC) e é frequentemente usado pelos professores de ciências. Atendendo à ausência de uma designação em português que corresponda à natureza daquele conceito em língua inglesa, propõe-se aqui a de Actividades Exteriores à Sala de Aula (AESA). O estudo desenvolve-se em quatro momentos. No primeiro, apresentam-se alguns dos desafios colocados à EC e faz-se o seu enquadramento social, bem como se abordam as implicações em termos de ensino e de aprendizagem. No segundo, foca-se na discussão sobre a natureza dos ambientes exteriores à sala de aula, dando uma particular ênfase ao que ocorre no domínio das Ciências da Terra. De seguida, e num terceiro momento, reflecte-se sobre a contribuição das AESA na consecução das grandes finalidades sugeridas para a EC. A terminar, e num quarto momento, efectuar-se-ão comentários finais do estudo com particular ênfase no processo complexo do ensino e de aprendizagem, bem como na necessidade de uma melhor interacção entre investigadores educacionais e professores, em ordem a aproveitar, de forma articulada com outras actividades, as potencialidades das que são desenvolvidas fora da sala de aula. Em síntese, pretende-se contribuir para melhorar os resultados da Educação em Ciência no âmbito das Ciências da Terra.
História e filosofia das geociências: relevância para o ensino e formação profissional
Authors: Figueirôa Silvia Fernanda de Mendonça
Published: August 2017

Este artigo aponta relações importantes entre a História, a Filosofia e a Educação em Geociências para a formação profissional de geocientistas e futuros professores. Parte de um breve levantamento das discussões acerca das relações entre os mencionados campos do conhecimento ao longo dos últimos 50 anos, salientando alguns papéis didáticos que a História e a Filosofia podem desempenhar. A seguir, usa um exemplo recente em Geologia para articular as reflexões de alguns trabalhos clássicos sobre as Ciências e as Geociências. Conclui reforçando a relevância das reflexões históricas e epistemológicas para aprimoramento da formação profissional e para a renovação de práticas educativas.
TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO E O PARADIGMA EDUCACIONAL EMERGENTE: em favor de uma formação transdisciplinar
Authors: Sommer Márcia Regina Ribeiro Gomes , De Pinho Maria José
Published: August 2017

O artigo em questão aborda a transição do paradigma tradicional para o paradigma emergente, enfocando a educação e sua relação com as novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC). Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, busca refletir acerca da importância desses meios interativos no processo educativo e sua influência numa formação transdisciplinar. Ainda, aponta a necessidade da escola se conectar com essas novas tecnologias, tão presentes na vida dos alunos, e por vezes alijada do ambiente escolar.
PEQUENAS BARBIES OU MINICELEBRIDADES: corpos construídos na Idade Mídia
Authors: Zovin Cristiane , Lelis Monik Costa Florian
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho estuda a possibilidade de relacionar a imagem das minicelebridades à imagem de bonecas. Tal fato decorre da pressão sofrida pelas garotas que vivem na Idade Mídia e são submetidas a dezenas de estratégias para adequarem sua estética ao que se apresenta como tendência no mundo líquido. Neste contexto, sugerimos a boneca Barbie como representante da estética perfeita, além de lifestyle rico e sedutor, almejado por muitas meninas. O estudo conta com material extraído online alicerçado por pesquisa bibliográfica com teóricos de Comunicação e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas.
DO BEM-ESTAR AO ADOECIMENTO: O impacto do assédio moral para as mulheres no Brasil
Authors: Klein Karla Barbosa , Parente Temis Gomes
Published: August 2017

As pesquisas indicam que as mulheres são as principais vítimas dos casos de assédio moral. Para analisar esse fenômeno de violência considera-se necessário observá-lo inserido em seu contexto histórico. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de discorrer sobre a ideia de assédio moral sofrido pelas mulheres considerando a trajetória da mulher no processo organizado do trabalho no Brasil. Neste estudo compreende-se ainda que o trabalho pode ser considerado uma referência para a construção da identidade e sendo assim, propiciar experiências de bem-estar ou mal-estar de acordo com as vivências experimentadas pelo sujeito. Neste sentido, buscou-se delinear os impactos do assédio moral para as mulheres no Brasil, à partir de sua construção histórica, por meio dos referenciais teóricos apresentados.
FORMAÇÃO DOS DIRIGENTES MUNICIPAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO TOCANTINS (PRADIME-UFT): gestão da educação municipal em foco
Authors: Cunha Célio da , Macedo Margareth Leber
Published: August 2017

Na busca de levar conhecimento e contribuir com as gestões educacionais municipais, a Universidade Federal do Tocantins, através da Diretoria de Tecnologias Educacionais – DTE/UFT ofereceu e certificou as primeiras turmas de Especialização em Gestão da Educação Municipal do Programa de Apoio aos Dirigentes Municipais de Educação - PRADIME.  O programa utilizou a educação a distância para aproximar o público alvo e fez uso das tecnologias educacionais como agente de democratização do conhecimento.  Esse artigo relata a execução da especialização que ocorreu nos estados do Tocantins e Maranhão, com a abordagem das questões da gestão municipal, política pública e educação a distância.
Secure Communication for Two-way Relay Networks with Imperfect CSI
Authors: Sun Cong , Liu Ke , Zheng Dahu , Ai Wenbao
Published: August 2017

This paper considers a two-way relay network, where two source nodes exchange messages through several relays in the presence of an eavesdropper, and the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper is imperfectly known. The amplify-and-forward relay protocol is used and the relay beamforming weights are designed. The model is built up to minimize the total relay transmit power while guaranteeing the quality of service at users and preventing the eavesdropper from decoding the signals. Due to the imperfect CSI, a semi-infinite programming problem is obtained. An algorithm is proposed to solve the problem, and the iterative points are updated through the linesearch technique, where the feasibility are preserved during iterations. The optimality property is analyzed. The obtained subproblems are quadratic constrained quadratic programming problems, either with less than $4$ constraints or with only one variable, which are solved optimally. Simulation results demonstrate the importance of the proposed model, and imply that the proposed algorithm is efficient and converges very fast, where more than 85% of the problems are solved optimally.
Data Assimilation in the Air Contaminant Dispersion Using Particle Filter and Expectation-Maximization Algorithm with UAV Observations
Authors: Wang Rongxiao , Chen Bin , Qiu Sihang , Zhu Zhengqiu , Qiu Xiaogang
Published: August 2017

The precise prediction of air contaminant dispersion is essential to the air quality monitoring and the emergency management of the contaminant gases leakage incidents in the chemical industry park. The conventional atmospheric dispersion models can seldom give precise prediction due to inaccurate input parameters. In order to improve the prediction accuracy of dispersion model, two data assimilation methods (i.e. one is merely based on the typical particle filter while the other is a combination of particle filter and expectation-maximization algorithm) are proposed to assimilate the UAV observations into the atmospheric dispersion model. Two emission cases are taken into consideration, the difference between which is the different dimensions of state variables. To test the performances of the proposed methods, experiments corresponding to the two emission cases are designed and implemented. The results show that the particle filter can effectively estimate the model parameters and improve the accuracy of model prediction when the dimension of state variables is low. In contrast, when the dimension of state variables becomes higher, the method of particle filter combining expectation-maximization algorithm performs better in the parameter estimation accuracy and warm-up time. Therefore, the data assimilation methods are able to effectively support the air quality monitoring and emergency management in chemical industry parks.
The Influence of Structural Conditions and Cultural Inertia on Water Usage and Landscape Decision-Making in a California Metropolitan Area
Authors: Katti Madhusudan , Jones Andrew R. , Özgöç Çağlar Derya , Delcore Henry D. , Kar Gupta Kaberi
Published: August 2017

Urban development and planning are increasingly centered on matters of sustainability, balancing economic development with ecosystem services and biotic structures within urban environments. In addition to these institutional and structural factors, the decision-making process within individual households must be understood to address rising concerns about water use. Therefore, individual characteristics and preferences that influence the use of water also warrant examination. In response to a survey of occupants of single-family residences in the Fresno Clovis Metropolitan Area of California, contextual interviews and focus group interviews with a homeowner sub-sample, we find evidence of an interplay of social-structural, institutional, and cultural factors involved in influencing individual water use behaviors and landscape decision making. The complexity of residential behaviors and decision-making poses some potential issues with regards to the interactions between individual households and institutional actors in matters of water usage and landscaping, as survey respondents indicate relatively little confidence in institutions and groups to make wise water policy decisions. We conclude that the promotion and implementation of sustainable water use practices will require not only environmental education for the citizenry, but also a tailoring of information for environmental educational initiatives that address the particularities of individual neighborhoods and communities.
Risk Factors for Prolonged Opioid Use Following Spine Surgery, and the Association with Surgical Intensity, Among Opioid-Naive Patients
Authors: Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Nwosu Kenneth , Jiang Wei , Yau Allan L. , Chaudhary Muhammad Ali , Scully Rebecca E. , Koehlmoos Tracey , Kang James D. , Haider Adil H.
Published: August 2017

Background:

There is a growing concern that the use of prescription opioids following surgical interventions, including spine surgery, may predispose patients to chronic opioid use and abuse. We sought to estimate the proportion of patients using opioids up to 1 year after discharge following common spinal surgical procedures and to identify factors associated with sustained opioid use.

Methods:

This study utilized 2006 to 2014 data from TRICARE insurance claims obtained from the Military Health System Data Repository. Adults who underwent 1 of 4 common spinal surgical procedures (discectomy, decompression, lumbar posterolateral arthrodesis, or lumbar interbody arthrodesis) were identified. Patients with a history of opioid use in the 6 months preceding surgery were excluded. Posterolateral arthrodesis and interbody arthrodesis were considered procedures of high intensity, and discectomy and decompression, low intensity. Covariates included demographic factors, preoperative diagnoses, comorbidities, postoperative complications, and mental health disorders. Risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the time to opioid discontinuation.

Results:

This study included 9,991 patients. Eighty-four percent filled at least 1 opioid prescription on discharge. At 30 days following discharge, 8% continued opioid use; at 3 months, 1% continued use; and at 6 months, 0.1%. In the adjusted analysis, the low-intensity surgical procedures were associated with a higher likelihood of discontinuing opioid use (discectomy: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36 to 1.50; and decompression: HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.25 to 1.43). Depression (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.90) was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of discontinuing opioid use (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

By 6 months following discharge, nearly all patients had discontinued opioid use after spine surgery. As only 0.1% of the patients continued opioid use at 6 months following surgery, these results indicate that spine surgery among opioid-naive patients is not a major driver of long-term prescription opioid use. Socioeconomic status and pre-existing mental health disorders may be factors associated with sustained opioid use following spine surgery.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The CD45lowCD271high Cell Prevalence in Bone Marrow Samples May Provide a Useful Measurement of the Bone Marrow Quality for Cartilage and Bone Regenerative Therapy
Authors: El-Jawhari Jehan J. , Cuthbert Richard , McGonagle Dennis , Jones Elena , Giannoudis Peter V.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Bone marrow aspirates and concentrates are increasingly being used for musculoskeletal regenerative therapies, providing bone and cartilage progenitors. However, the quality of these bone marrow samples remains imprecise within clinical settings. As there is a need for the development of these therapies, a method of counting CD45lowCD271high cells was optimized and tested as an indicator of bone marrow sample quality.

Methods:

Bone marrow aspirates were collected from 54 donors (28 male and 26 female; median age of 48 years). The reagent concentrations were optimized for fast staining, and an acoustic-focusing flow cytometer (Attune) was used to enable automated CD45lowCD271high cell counting in bone marrow aspirates, bone marrow concentrates, and samples loaded onto a collagen scaffold. The CD45lowCD271high cell counts were compared with those obtained using another flow-cytometry-based method (LSR II) and with connective tissue progenitor (CTP) counts quantified using a colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay.

Results:

The optimized method enabled the counting of CD45lowCD271high cells within only 15 minutes. The quantified cell counts (median, 1,520; range, 96 to 20,992 cells/mL of bone marrow) were positively correlated with the CTP counts (p < 0.0001; r = 0.7237). In agreement with CFU-F and LSR II-based assays, the CD45lowCD271high cell counts quantified using the Attune-based method decreased with age in the samples from female but not male donors (p = 0.0015 and p = 0.3877, respectively). A significant increase in CD45lowCD271high cell counts was detected following bone marrow concentration (mean, 5-fold; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6 to 7.2-fold). Additionally, the number of CD45lowCD271high cells attached to the collagen scaffold was positively correlated with the number of progenitor cells that survived on the scaffold after 2-week culture (p = 0.0348).

Conclusions:

An assay for counting CD45lowCD271high cells may provide a useful measurement of bone marrow quality. While the specificity of this measurement of CD45lowCD271high cells remained low in our experimental conditions, CD45lowCD271high cell counts were positively and modestly correlated with the prevalence of CTPs.

Clinical Relevance:

A fast and automated assessment of bone marrow aspirate/concentrate quality using CD45lowCD271high cell counting may be a useful tool for improving the quality of regenerative therapy.
Tracking Cumulative Radiation Exposure in Orthopaedic Surgeons and Residents
Authors: Gausden Elizabeth B. , Christ Alexander B. , Zeldin Roseann , Lane Joseph M. , McCarthy Moira M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of cumulative radiation exposure received by orthopaedic surgeons and residents in various subspecialties. We obtained dosimeter measures over 12 months on 24 residents and 16 attending surgeons.

Methods:

Monthly radiation exposure was measured over a 12-month period for 24 orthopaedic residents and 16 orthopaedic attending surgeons. The participants wore a Landauer Luxel dosimeter on the breast pocket of their lead apron. The dosimeters were exchanged every rotation (5 to 7 weeks) for the resident participants and every month for the attending surgeon participants. Radiation exposure was compared by orthopaedic subspecialty, level of training, and type of fluoroscopy used (regular C-arm compared with mini C-arm).

Results:

Orthopaedic residents participating in this study received monthly mean radiation exposures of 0.2 to 79 mrem/month, lower than the dose limits of 5,000 mrem/year recommended by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC). Senior residents rotating on trauma were exposed to the highest monthly radiation (79 mrem/month [range, 15 to 243 mrem/month]) compared with all other specialty rotations (p < 0.001). Similarly, attending orthopaedic surgeons who specialize in trauma or deformity surgery received the highest radiation exposure of their peers, and the mean exposure was 53 mrem/month (range, 0 to 355 mrem/month).

Conclusions:

Residents and attending surgeons performing trauma or deformity surgical procedures are exposed to significantly higher doses of radiation compared with all other subspecialties within orthopaedic surgery, but the doses are still within the recommended limits.

Clinical Relevance:

The use of ionizing radiation in the operating room has become an indispensable part of orthopaedic surgery. Although all surgeons in our study received lower than the yearly recommended dose limit, it is important to be aware of how much radiation we are exposed to as surgeons and to take measures to further limit that exposure.
Filling the Pipeline
Authors: Emery Sanford E.
Published: August 2017

This is the Presidential Address, “Filling the Pipeline,” that was given by Sanford E. Emery, MD, MBA, at the Annual Meeting of the American Orthopaedic Association in June 2016.
Psychological characteristics versus swallowing and speech rehabilitation efficiency in patients after oral cavity cancer excision
Authors: Zarek Aleksandra , Halczy-Kowalik Ludmiła , Rzewuska Anna , Posio Violetta , Stecewicz Małgorzata
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Cechy osobowości chorych operowanych z powodu nowotworu jamy ustnej kształtują poziom lęku i depresji związanych z deformacją ciała oraz jakość życia w chorobie, a także są związane z czasem przeżycia chorych. Konieczne jest ich uwzględnianie przy planowaniu leczenia oraz rehabilitacji osób chorych. Celem pracy było poznanie związku między właściwościami osobowościowymi a przebiegiem rehabilitacji czynnościowej u chorych leczonych z powodu nowotworu jamy ustnej.Materiały i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 100 chorych, 42 kobiety i 58 mężczyzn (55,78 ±11,68 lat) operowanych z powodu raka płaskonabłonkowego jamy ustnej. Chorzy uczestniczyli w rehabilitacji funkcji jamy ustnej. Oceniano przebieg gojenia, zniekształcenie pooperacyjne twarzy, sprawność oddychania, połykania i mowy w odniesieniu do „obrazu siebie”, „obrazu ciała” i „poziomu akceptacji choroby” wg Adjective Check List ACL-37, Body Cathexis Scale i Illness Acceptance Scale po upływie 2, 4 i 12 tyg. od zabiegu operacyjnego.Wyniki: Większą sprawność połykania po upływie 4 tyg. od operacji uzyskiwały osoby cechujące się silniejszą potrzebą porządku i wytrwałości, większą sprawność mowy – osoby, które bardziej akceptowały chorobę. Pacjenci, u których poziom zniekształcenia pooperacyjnego był większy, ujawnili mniejsze natężenie wybranych potrzeb: osiągnięć, dominacji, wytrwałości i ujawniania siebie, jak również mniejszą spontaniczność w kontaktach interpersonalnych. Osoby te miały mniejsze zaufanie do siebie i większą potrzebę uzyskania porady w celu dokonania zmian w życiu.Wnioski: Na różnych etapach rehabilitacji znaczenie mają odmienne właściwości osobowości pacjentów. Szczególnego wsparcia wymagają chorzy doświadczający większego zniekształcenia pooperacyjnego. Ocena psychologiczna ułatwia wyłonienie z grupy rehabilitowanych chorych osób wymagających silniejszego wsparcia w zakresie budowania motywacji do rehabilitacji czynnościowej oraz rozwijania umiejętności społecznych ułatwiających adaptację do choroby.
Rola aktywności zewnętrznej w rozwoju krótkowzroczności u dzieci w wieku szkolnym
Authors: Czepita Maciej , Kuprjanowicz Leszek , Safranow Krzysztof , Mojsa Artur , Majdanik Ewa , Ustianowska Maria , Czepita Damian
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The aim of our study was to examine whether outdoor activity influences the prevalence of myopia in schoolchildren.Materials and methods: 5601 Polish students of elementary and secondary schools (2688 boys and 2913 girls), 6–18 years of age (mean 11.9 ±3.2 years) were examined. In every student cycloplegia after 1% tropicamide was performed. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) was calculated after examination of both eyes. Time spent on outdoor activity was evaluated based on a questionnaire. The obtained results were typed into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed statistically using Statistica 10 software. Non-parametric tests were used due to the SE distribution being significantly different from normal distribution in the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (Rs) was used to evaluate the strength of the correlation between these variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: It has been established that with the increase in time spent on outdoor activity, the spherical equivalent of the examined students significantly increases, but the correlation is very weak (Rs = +0.036, p = 0.007).Conclusion: Outdoor activity slightly reduces the prevalence of myopia in schoolchildren.
An analysis of the functioning of mental healthcare in northwestern Poland
Authors: Bażydło Marta , Karakiewicz Beata
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Współczesna psychiatria stoi przed licznymi wyzwaniami związanymi ze zmianą epidemiologii zaburzeń psychicznych oraz rozwojem wiedzy w tej dyscyplinie. Odpowiedzią na tę sytuację ma być wprowadzenie środowiskowego modelu opieki psychiatrycznej, który w Polsce miał gwarantować Narodowy Program Ochrony Zdrowia Psychicznego. Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy funkcjonowania opieki psychiatrycznej na przykładzie województwa zachodniopomorskiego.Materiały i metody: Wybraną metodą była metoda jakościowa. Przeprowadzono trzy wywiady zbiorowe w interdyscyplinarnym gremium doradczym. W każdy spotkaniu brały udział osoby reprezentujące różne obszary działające na rzecz osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi. Na podstawie wyciągniętych wniosków wykonano analizę PEST oraz analizę SWOT funkcjonowania opieki psychiatrycznej. Wyniki: W ramach analizy makrootoczenia opieki psychiatrycznej oceniono za pomocą analizy PEST wpływ czynników polityczno-prawnych, ekonomiczno-gospodarczych, społeczno-kulturowych i technologicznych. Wszystkie te obszary zostały ocenione jako negatywne dla funkcjonowania opieki psychiatrycznej. Następnie podczas analizy SWOT wskazano, jakie są mocne oraz słabe strony, szanse i zagrożenia w funkcjonowaniu opieki psychiatrycznej.Wnioski: 1. Opieka psychiatryczna w większym stopniu jest kształtowana przez czynniki zewnętrzne niż wewnętrzne. 2. Czynniki zewnętrzne wpływają na funkcjonowanie opieki psychiatrycznej w sposób znacznie negatywny. 3. Podstawowym problemem w funkcjonowaniu opieki psychiatrycznej jest niedobór środków finansowych. 4. W celu poprawy funkcjonowania opieki psychiatrycznej należy dokonać zmian w sposobie jej finansowania, w prawie, w systemie monitorowania świadczeń, a także należy zmienić postrzeganie zaburzeń psychicznych przez społeczeństwo.
Analiza zjawiska przemocy wobec osób starszych mieszkających na terenie Gminy Miasto Szczecin
Authors: Zabielska Paulina
Published: August 2017

Wstęp: Coraz częściej w działaniach związanych z realizacją polityki społecznej zwraca się uwagę na przemoc w środowisku osób starszych, którego odsetek, ze względu na starzenie się społeczeństw, będzie wzrastać. Osoba starsza zarówno doznaje zachowań przemocowych, jak i je stosuje. Aby móc skutecznie realizować działania zmniejszające przemoc, kluczowe jest dokładne zbadanie zjawiska. Celem pracy była analiza zjawiska przemocy w środowisku osób starszych.Materiały i metody: Przeanalizowano 1299 formularzy Niebieskich Kart (NK) założonych w latach 2012–2013 na terenie Gminy Miasto Szczecin. W 2012 r. było to 577 kart, a w 2013 r. – 722 karty. Z zebranego materiału wyłoniono NK dotyczące osób starszych (60 lat i więcej). W 2012 r. było to 108 kart, a w 2013 r. – 157. Metodą badawczą był sondaż diagnostyczny w oparciu o analizę dokumentów.Wyniki: Osobami najczęściej stosującymi przemoc wobec osób starszych byli zstępni (dzieci, wnuki). Natomiast osoby starsze stosowały przemoc najliczniej wobec współmałżonka. Wykazano statystycznie istotny związek pomiędzy analizowanymi formami przemocy. Wystąpił on między przemocą fizyczną a uszkodzeniem ciała (p ≤ 0,05), a także przemocą psychiczną i innymi rodzajami zachowań (p ≤ 0,05).Wnioski: 1. Czynniki socjodemograficzne to ważne elementy warunkujące występowanie przemocy w rodzinie. 2. Stosunek pokrewieństwa ma wpływ na charakter występowania przemocy w rodzinie.
Kilkupoziomowa niedrożność przewodu pokarmowego u młodej pacjentki powstała wkrótce po porodzie – opis przypadku
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej , Jagielski Wojciech , Janowski Piotr
Published: August 2017

W pracy opisano przypadek 31-letniej kobiety, u której niedroż- ność jelit rozpoczęła się 2 dni po porodzie drogą naturalną. Pacjentka w II trymestrze ciąży miała wykonaną laparotomię z powodu niedrożności mechanicznej dwunastnicy i jelita cienkiego wywołanej połkniętymi ciałami obcymi. Przebieg ciąży od operacji do porodu był niepowikłany. Przedoperacyjna diagnostyka radiologiczna (pasaż) wykazała niedrożność mechaniczną dwunastnicy i jelita cienkiego. Pacjentka była operowana. Śródoperacyjnie stwierdzono bardzo powiększoną, wypełnioną gęstą treścią pokarmową dwunastnicę, poszerzone jelito cienkie w masywnych zrostach międzyjelitowych i znacznie poszerzoną początkową część okrężnicy. W żadnym miejscu nie znaleziono jednak krytycznego zwężenia jelita ani innej przyczyny zaburzenia pasażu treści jelitowej. Jelito cienkie w czasie operacji nie wykazywało perystaltyki, jednak przed operacją osłuchiwanie wykazało jej obecność. Ponieważ uwolnienie jelita ze zrostów nie rozwiązało problemu, zdecydowano się na odbarczenie jelita cienkiego i okrężnicy przez nacięcie kątnicy i następnie na wyłonienie cekostomii. Przebieg pooperacyjny był powikłany epizodem krwawienia z górnej części przewodu pokarmowego i biegunką, które jednak szybko ustąpiły po leczeniu zachowawczym. Pacjentka powróciła do zdrowia, a późniejsza diagnostyka gastroenterologiczna nie wykazała jednoznacznej patologii w przewodzie pokarmowym.