bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of key metabolic enzyme activities in mammalian cells using rapid and sensitive microplate‐based assays
Authors: Janke R. , Genzel Y. , Wahl A. , Reichl U.
Published: June 2010

Sensitive microplate‐based assays to determine low levels of key enzyme activities in mammalian cells are presented. The enzyme platform consists of four cycling assays to measure the activity of 28 enzymes involved in central carbon and glutamine metabolism. The sensitivity limit of all cycling assays was between 0.025 and 0.4 nmol product. For the detection of glutaminase activity, a new glutamate cycle system involving the enzymes glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase was established. The relative standard deviation of the method was found to be 1.7% with a limit of detection of 8.2 pmol and a limit of quantitation of 24.8 pmol. Hence, cell extracts could be highly diluted to reduce interferences caused by other components in the extract, which in addition minimized underestimates or overestimates of actual enzyme activities. Since substrate concentrations could be maintained at a nearly constant level throughout the assay product accumulation during the reaction was low, which minimized product inhibition. As an example, the enzyme platform was used to investigate maximum enzyme activities of stationary‐phase MDCK cells grown in serum‐containing GMEM medium as typically used in influenza vaccine production. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 566–581. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Construction of cellobiose phosphorylase variants with broadened acceptor specificity towards anomerically substituted glucosides
Authors: De Groeve Manu R.M. , Remmery Laurens , Van Hoorebeke Annelies , Stout Jan , Desmet Tom , Savvides Savvas N. , Soetaert Wim
Published: June 2010

The general application of glycoside phosphorylases such as cellobiose phosphorylase (CP) for glycoside synthesis is hindered by their relatively narrow substrate specificity. We have previously reported on the creation of Cellulomonas uda CP enzyme variants with either modified donor or acceptor specificity. Remarkably, in this study it was found that the donor mutant also displays broadened acceptor specificity towards several β‐glucosides. Triple mutants containing donor (T508I/N667A) as well as acceptor mutations (E649C or E649G) also display a broader acceptor specificity than any of the parent enzymes. Moreover, further broadening of the acceptor specificity has been achieved by site‐saturation mutagenesis of residues near the active site entrance. The best enzyme variant contains the additional N156D and N163D mutations and is active towards various alkyl β‐glucosides, methyl α‐glucoside and cellobiose. In comparison with the wild‐type C. uda CP enzyme, which cannot accept anomerically substituted glucosides at all, the obtained increase in substrate specificity is significant. The described CP enzyme variants should be useful for the synthesis of cellobiosides and other glycosides with prebiotic and pharmaceutical properties. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 413–420. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A metal‐repressed promoter from gram‐positive Bacillus subtilis is highly active and metal‐induced in gram‐negative Cupriavidus metallidurans
Authors: Ribeiro‐dos‐Santos Gabriela , Biondo Ronaldo , Quadros Oeber de Freitas , Vicente Elisabete José , Schenberg Ana Clara Guerrini
Published: June 2010

A synthetic version of the metal‐regulated gene A (mrgA) promoter from Bacillus subtilis, which in this Gram‐positive bacterium is negatively regulated by manganese, iron, cobalt, or copper turned out to promote high level of basal gene expression that is further enhanced by Co(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), or Ni(II), when cloned in the Gram‐negative bacterium Cupriavidus metallidurans. Promoter activity was monitored by expression of the reporter gene coding for the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), and cellular intensity fluorescence was quantified by flow cytometry. Expression levels in C. metallidurans driven by the heterologous promoter, here called pan, ranged from 20‐ to 53‐fold the expression level driven by the Escherichia coli lac promoter (which is constitutively expressed in C. metallidurans), whether in the absence or presence of metal ions, respectively. The pan promoter did also function in E. coli in a constitutive pattern, regardless of the presence of Mn(II) or Fe(II). In conclusion, the pan promoter proved to be a powerful tool to express heterologous proteins in Gram‐negative bacteria, especially in C. metallidurans grown upon high levels of toxic metals, with potential applications in bioremediation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 469–477. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling the competition between aggregation and self‐assembly during virus‐like particle processing
Authors: Ding Yong , Chuan Yap Pang , He Lizhong , Middelberg Anton P.J.
Published: June 2010

Understanding and controlling aggregation is an essential aspect in the development of pharmaceutical proteins to improve product yield, potency and quality consistency. Even a minute quantity of aggregates may be reactogenic and can render the final product unusable. Self‐assembly processing of virus‐like particles (VLPs) is an efficient method to quicken the delivery of safe and efficacious vaccines to the market at low cost. VLP production, as with the manufacture of many biotherapeutics, is susceptible to aggregation, which may be minimized through the use of accurate and practical mathematical models. However, existing models for virus assembly are idealized, and do not predict the non‐native aggregation behavior of self‐assembling viral subunits in a tractable nor useful way. Here we present a mechanistic mathematical model describing VLP self‐assembly that accounts for partitioning of reactive subunits between the correct and aggregation pathways. Our results show that unproductive aggregation causes up to 38% product loss by competing favorably with the productive nucleation of self‐assembling subunits, therefore limiting the availability of nuclei for subsequent capsid growth. The protein subunit aggregation reaction exhibits an apparent second‐order concentration dependence, suggesting a dimerization‐controlled agglomeration pathway. Despite the plethora of possible assembly intermediates and aggregation pathways, protein aggregation behavior may be predicted by a relatively simple yet realistic model. More importantly, we have shown that our bioengineering model is amenable to different reactor formats, thus opening the way to rational scale‐up strategies for products that comprise biomolecular assemblies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 550–560. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sialylation enhancement of CTLA4‐Ig fusion protein in Chinese hamster ovary cells by dexamethasone
Authors: Jing Ying , Qian Yueming , Li Zheng Jian
Published: June 2010

The importance of glycoprotein sialic acid levels is well known, as increased levels have been shown to increase in vivo serum half‐life profiles. Here we demonstrate for the first time that dexamethasone (DEX) was capable of improving the sialylation of a CTLA4‐Ig fusion protein produced by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. DEX was shown to enhance the intracellular addition of sialic acid by sialyltransferases as well as reduce extracellular removal of sialic acid by sialidase cleavage. We illustrated that DEX addition resulted in increased expression of the glycosyltransferases α2,3‐sialyltransferase (α2,3‐ST) and β1,4‐galactosyltransferase (β1,4‐GT) in CHO cells. Based upon our previous results showing DEX addition increased culture cell viability, we confirmed here that cultures treated with DEX also resulted in decreased sialidase activity. Addition of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone (RU‐486) was capable of blocking the increase in sialylation by DEX which further supports that DEX affected sialylation as well as provides evidence that the sialylation enhancement effects of DEX on recombinant CHO cells occurred through the GR. Finally, the effects of DEX on increasing sialylation were then confirmed in 5‐L controlled bioreactors. Addition of 1 µM DEX to the bioreactors on day 2 resulted in harvests with average increases of 16.2% for total sialic acid content and 15.8% in the protein fraction with N‐linked sialylation. DEX was found to be a simple and effective method for increasing sialylation of this CTLA4‐Ig fusion protein expressed in CHO cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 488–496. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Profiling ofN‐glycosylation gene expression in CHO cell fed‐batch cultures
Authors: Wong Danny Chee Furng , Wong Niki Soo Ching , Goh John Soo Yang , May Lee May , Yap Miranda Gek Sim
Published: June 2010

One of the goals of recombinant glycoprotein production is to achieve consistent glycosylation. Although many studies have examined the changes in the glycosylation quality of recombinant protein with culture, very little has been done to examine the underlying changes in glycosylation gene expression as a culture progresses. In this study, the expression of 24 genes involved inN‐glycosylation were examined using quantitative RT PCR to gain a better understanding of recombinant glycoprotein glycosylation during production processes. Profiling of theN‐glycosylation genes as well as concurrent analysis of glycoprotein quality was performed across the exponential, stationary and death phases of a fed‐batch culture of a CHO cell line producing recombinant human interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). Of the 24N‐glycosylation genes examined, 21 showed significant up‐ or down‐regulation of gene expression as the fed‐batch culture progressed from exponential, stationary and death phase. As the fed‐batch culture progressed, there was also an increase in less sialylated IFN‐γ glycoforms, leading to a 30% decrease in the molar ratio of sialic acid to recombinant IFN‐γ. This correlated with decreased expression of genes involved with CMP sialic acid synthesis coupled with increased expression of sialidases. Compared to batch culture, a low glutamine fed‐batch strategy appears to need a 0.5 mM glutamine threshold to maintain similarN‐glycosylation genes expression levels and to achieve comparable glycoprotein quality. This study demonstrates the use of quantitative real time PCR method to identify possible “bottlenecks” or “compromised” pathways inN‐glycosylation and subsequently allow for the development of strategies to improve glycosylation quality. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 516–528. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measuring knowledge of the insanity defense: Scale construction and validation
Authors: Daftary‐Kapur Tarika , Groscup Jennifer L. , O'Connor Maureen , Coffaro Frank , Galietta Michele
Published: June 2010

Given the influence of social conformity and prejudice, defendants pleading not guilty by reason of insanity face the significant challenges of securing fair and impartial juries. Attitudes and knowledge of the insanity defense are factors that may influence levels of impartiality. In the light of this, we set out to develop a scale to examine knowledge levels of the insanity defense and their influence on decision‐making. Two studies were conducted to construct a scale designed to assess laypersons' knowledge of the insanity defense. Items measuring knowledge of the insanity defense were based on Perlin's (1995) insanity defense myths. The first study identified particular items in need of revision and subscales that required the development of additional items in order to improve reliability and construct validity in the second study. The second study used the revised scale, demonstrating improved validity and reliability. The scale also had acceptable predictive validity with reference to insanity defense verdicts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radio frequency radiation causes no nonthermal damage in enzymes and living cells
Authors: Fortune Jennifer A. , Wu Bae‐Ian , Klibanov Alexander M.
Published: June 2010

The ability of radio frequency radiation (RFR) to exert irreversible nonthermal (i.e., not caused by accompanying heat) effects on biologics has been widely debated due to a relative paucity of comprehensive critical details in published reports dealing with this issue. In this study, we used rigorous control over experimental conditions to determine whether continuous RFR nonthermally affects commercially important enzymes and live bacterial and human cells using three most commonly used frequencies in current RF identification technology, namely 2.45 GHz, 915 MHz, and 13.56 MHz. Diverse biological samples were exposed to RFR under deliberately harsh conditions to increase the likelihood of observing such effects should they exist. Enzymatic activities of horseradish peroxidase and β‐galactosidase in aqueous solution exhibited no statistically discernable consequences of even very intense RFR. Likewise, with putative thermal effects excluded, the viabilities of bacteria (both gram‐positive and gram‐negative) and of human cells were not detectably compromised by such an RFR exposure. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Cryopreservation of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells with reduced dimethylsulfoxide and well‐defined freezing solutions
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Xia , Ma Xuehu , Martin‐Rendon Enca , Watt Suzanne , Cui Zhanfeng
Published: June 2010

The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using well defined, serum‐free freezing solutions with a reduced level of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) of 7.5, 5, and 2.5% (v/v) in the combination with polyethylene glycol (PEG) or trehalose to cryopreserve human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), a main source of stem cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering. The standard laboratory freezing protocol of around 1°C/min was used in the experiments. The efficiency of 1,2‐propandiol on cryopreservation of hBMSCs was explored. We measured the post‐thawing cell viability and early apoptotic behaviors, cell metabolic activities, and growth dynamics. Cell morphology and osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation capability were also tested after cryopreservation. The results showed that post‐thawing viability of hBMSCs in 7.5% DMSO (v/v), 2.5% PEG (w/v), and 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (w/v) was comparable with that obtained in conventional 10% DMSO, that is, 82.9 ± 4.3% and 82.7 ± 3.7%, respectively. In addition, 5% DMSO (v/v) with 5% PEG (w/v) and 7.5% 1,2‐propandiol (v/v) with 2.5% PEG (w/v) can provide good protection to hBMSCs when 2% albumin (w/v) is present. Enhanced cell viability was observed with the addition of albumin to all tested freezing solutions. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Late aortic perforation with an atriasept device resulting in life‐threatening tamponade
Authors: Murphy John C. , Walsh Simon J. , Spence, Mark S.
Published: June 2010

Patients with compelling evidence of cryptogenic stroke due to patent foreamen ovale (PFO) are increasingly likely to be offered percutaneous closure of the defect. With improvements in technique there is now a high procedural success rate with low rates of periprocedural complications. Late complications are also rare, but include late perforation of the aortic root, which is rapidly progressive and potentially fatal. This has lead to the development of lower profile devices, which aim to reduce the risk of both early and late complications. At this stage, it is not clear if lower profile devices have safety profiles which are superior to the more established devices. We report the first case of late perforation of the aortic sinus by the lower profile Atriasept (Cardia) device presenting as life threatening cardiac tamponade in an adult who previously underwent percutaneous PFO closure. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cardiac shunt calculations made easy: A case‐based approach
Authors: Gössl Mario , Rihal Charanjit S.
Published: June 2010

On the basis of an interesting case of a 40‐year‐old lady with an atrial septal defect, we describe a simple approach for complex shunt volume calculations based on the Fick principle using hemodynamic data obtained in the catheterization laboratory. Understanding Fick's principle allows determination of all relevant flows, flow ratio, and resistances without having to resort to memorization of complex formulae. Those findings significantly impact the managements of patients like ours with hemodynamically and clinically relevant shunting.© 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intragraft pressures predict outcomes in hemodialysis patients with graft outflow lesions undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
Authors: Lai Chi‐Cheng , Chung Hsiao‐Min , Tsai Han‐Lin , Mar Guang‐Yuan , Tseng Ching‐Jiunn , Liu Chun‐Peng
Published: June 2010

Objectives: This study is to introduce intragraft pressure (IGP) as intraprocedural parameter for outcome survey in hemodialysis patients with graft outflow lesions undergoing percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Background: The role of IGP on procedural endpoint and patency is unknown. Methods: Seventy‐five participants with graft outflow lesions receiving PTA were enrolled. Procedural data regarding IGP and angiographic findings were collected and the 1‐year graft patency through collaboration with hemodialysis units. Analyses and comparisons among IGP, angiographic findings, and patency were conducted. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, we intended to detect significance and the cut‐off points of IGP for patency prediction, and difference in patency between the two groups divided by using the cut‐off points. Results: Pre‐PTA and post‐PTA IGP were significantly associated with 1‐year patency (both significance <0.01) with 0.756 and 0.791 areas under the ROC curves, respectively. The cut‐off points of pre‐PTA and post‐PTA IGP were closer to 106 and 47 mm Hg for prediction of 1‐year patency (sensitivity = 0.76, specificity = 0.69; sensitivity = 0.79, specificity = 0.69, respectively; 95% CI). Significant reductions in 1‐year patency were shown in the subjects with greater than the cut‐off values, either pre‐PTA or post‐PTA IGP, compared with those with smaller than these values (both log rank test < 0.001). Conclusion: IGP might be useful to evaluate procedural endpoints and predict patency outcomes in hemodialysis patients with graft outflow lesions undergoing PTA. Patients with the greater pre‐PTA or post‐PTA IGP, to some level, seem to have the shorter patency. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Use of the Stingray® guidewire and the Venture® catheter for crossing flush coronary chronic total occlusions due to in‐stent restenosis
Authors: Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Lombardi William B. , Banerjee Subhash
Published: June 2010

We report two cases of flush chronic total occlusion due to in‐stent restenosis, in which percutaneous coronary intervention attempts via over‐the‐wire balloons and microcatheters failed to cross the lesion. Using the Venture® catheter for support and the Stingray® guidewire for enhanced penetration capacity, both lesions were successfully crossed and stented. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anomalous “High Take‐Off” of the right coronary artery evaluated by coronary CT angiography
Authors: Kadakia Jigar , Gupta Mohit , Budoff Matthew J.
Published: June 2010

Congenital coronary anomalies are uncommon but can cause sudden cardiac death or myocardial ischemia. Conventional coronary angiography is an invasive and expensive modality, sometimes unable to delineate the exact origin and course of an anomalous artery. In this case report, we describe an “extremely rare” anomaly of the right coronary artery where a 64‐slice multidetector computed tomography provided valuable information regarding its exact site of the aortocoronary take‐off and its spatial relationship with the great vessels. Knowledge of CT appearances and an understanding of the clinical significance of these anomalies are essential for making the correct diagnosis and planning patient treatment. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computer‐assisted quantification of myocardial reperfusion after primary percutaneous coronary intervention predicts functional and contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance outcomes in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Gu Youlan L. , Haeck Joost D.E. , Vogelzang Mathijs , Bilodeau Luc , Krucoff Mitchell W. , Tijssen Jan G.P. , de Winter Robbert J. , Zijlstra Felix , Koch Karel T.
Published: June 2010

Objective. We investigated whether the Quantitative Blush Evaluator (QuBE) value predicts functional and contrast‐enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) outcomes at 4–6 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background. QuBE is a computer‐assisted open source program to quantify myocardial reperfusion. Although a higher QuBE value is associated with improved myocardial reperfusion measures and lower 1‐year mortality, the association with intermediate functional parameters after STEMI has not yet been investigated. Methods. QuBE values were quantified retrospectively on angiograms of patients enrolled in the ancillary CMR study of the proximal embolic protection in acute myocardial infarction and resolution of ST‐elevation trial. QuBE en CMR outcomes were independently assessed by reviewers blinded to clinical data. Results. A higher QuBE value was significantly associated with a smaller left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volume, a higher LV ejection fraction and systolic wall thickening in the infarct area, and a smaller final infarct size and extent of transmural segments (P ≤ 0.008). In a multivariable model, including age, gender, infarct location, time to treatment, history of myocardial infarction, and postprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade, only the QuBE value and infarct location remained as independent predictors of LV ejection fraction (P = 0.018 for QuBE value). Conclusion. Higher QuBE values are independently associated with improved functional and contrast‐enhanced CMR outcomes including LV ejection fraction at 4–6 months after primary PCI and may therefore aid in identifying high‐risk patients who benefit most from adjunctive therapies sustaining myocardial function after PCI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low‐Temperature De‐NOx by Selective Catalytic Reduction Based on Iron‐Based Catalysts
Authors: Yao G.‐H. , Gui K.‐T. , Wang F.
Published: June 2010

Low‐temperature De‐NOx technology is a new topic in the area of flue gas treatment. This paper presents experimental studies on selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx from synthetic flue gas over iron‐based catalysts with ammonia in a fluidized reactor. The iron‐based catalysts used in the experiments are particles of Fe3O4 and γ‐Fe2O3, and they are analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy, before and after reaction. It is observed that the efficiency of De‐NOx with γ‐Fe2O3 catalyst is high at temperatures from 200–290 °C and the maximum efficiency is seen to exceed 90 % at 250 °C. The effects of magnetic fields on SCR De‐NOx using γ‐Fe2O3 particles as catalysts are also studied by applying uniform and coaxial magnetic fields to the fluidized bed. The results suggest that SCR De‐NOx on γ‐Fe2O3 catalyst is fit for operation below 200 °C in the fluidized reactor in conjunction with the effects of magnetic fields.
Analysis of Particle Fouling in Constant‐Pressure Submerged Membrane Filtration
Authors: Hwang K. J. , Chen H. C. , Tsai M. H.
Published: June 2010

Particle fouling in constant pressure submerged membrane filtration is analyzed. A particulate sample, with a wide size distribution ranging from submicron to micron, is filtered using a flat‐sheet membrane module. The effects of filtration pressure and aeration conditions on the particle deposition probability, cake properties and filtration flux are discussed. Particle deposition is analyzed theoretically using a force balance model. The particle size distribution in a filter cake is smaller than that in the original suspension and gradually decreases during a filtration. An increase in filtration pressure leads to a higher filtration flux in the early period of filtration; however, after 3000 s the flux gradually approaches a pseudo‐steady value. The filtration flux is significantly enhanced by sparging air bubbles. An increase in air volumetric flow rate or a decrease in bubble size leads to a smaller particle size distribution in the cake. The particle deposition probability, cake mass and average specific filtration resistance calculated by using the proposed models agree fairly well with available experimental data.
Transitional Mixing of Shear‐Thinning Fluids in Vessels with Multiple Impellers
Authors: Woziwodzki S. , Broniarz‐Press L. , Ochowiak M.
Published: June 2010

The mixing efficiency of shear‐thinning fluids was evaluated using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (Na‐CMC) aqueous solutions of varying mass concentrations and three types of impellers (Rushton turbine (RT), six‐flat‐blade turbine (FBT), six‐pitched‐down‐blade turbine (PBT)) which were mounted on a common shaft in combinations of three, four, and five impellers. The mixing time proved to be dependent on the number of impellers as well as on the distance between. The Reynolds number has a significant influence on the mixing time for all studied systems. The results of power consumption allowed to choose the impeller system with the best efficiency.
Simulation of Levulinic Acid Adsorption in Packed Beds using Parallel Pore/Surface Diffusion Model
Authors: Liu B. , Zeng L. , Mao J. , Ren Q.
Published: June 2010

The adsorption of levulinic acid in fixed beds of basic polymeric adsorbents at 22 °C was studied under various operating conditions. A general rate model which considers pore diffusion and parallel pore/surface diffusion was solved numerically by orthogonal collocation on finite elements to describe the experimental breakthrough data. The adsorption isotherms, and the pore and surface diffusion coefficients were determined independently in batch adsorption studies. The external film resistance and the axial dispersion coefficient were estimated by the Wilson‐Geankoplis equation and the Chung‐Wen equation, respectively. Simulation elucidated that the model which considers parallel diffusion successfully describes the breakthrough behavior and gave a much better prediction than the model which considers pore diffusion. The results obtained in this work are applicable to design and optimizes the separation process.
Selective and Efficient Cycloisomerization of Alkynols Catalyzed by a New Ruthenium Complex with a Tetradentate Nitrogen–Phosphorus Mixed Ligand
Authors: Liu Pei Nian , Su Fu Hai , Wen Ting Bin , Sung Herman H.‐Y. , Williams Ian D. , Jia Guochen
Published: June 2010

The new ruthenium complex [Ru(N3P)(OAc)][BPh4] (4), in which N3P is the N,P mixed tetradentate ligand N,N‐bis[(pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl]‐[2‐(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]methanamine was synthesized. The complex was found to be catalytically active for the endo cycloisomerization of alkynols. The catalytic reactions can be used to synthesize five‐, six‐, and seven‐membered endo‐cyclic enol ethers in good to excellent yields. A catalytic cycle involving a vinylidene intermediate was proposed for the catalytic reactions. Treatment of complex 4 with PhCCH and H2O gave the alkyl complex [Ru(CH2Ph)(CO)(N3P)][BPh4] (30), which supports the assumption that the catalytic reactions involve addition of a hydroxyl group to the CC bond of vinylidene ligands.
The First Examples of a Crown Ether Intramolecularly Encapsulating Mono‐ and Diorganotin Dications: Synthesis and Structures of [PhSnCH2([16]crown‐5)][ClO4]2 and [HOSnCH2([16]crown‐5)][Y]2 (Y=ClO4, CF3SO3)
Authors: Tagne Kuate Alain Charly , Schürmann Markus , Schollmeyer Dieter , Hiller Wolf , Jurkschat Klaus
Published: June 2010

The reaction of silver perchlorate with [PhI2SnCH2([16]crown‐5)] (1) and [I3SnCH2([16]crown‐5)] (2) gave the organotin(IV)‐substituted crown ether complexes [PhSnCH2([16]crown‐5)][ClO4]2 (3) and [HOSnCH2([16]crown‐5)][Y]2 (4: Y=ClO4, 5: Y=CF3SO3), respectively. All compounds have been isolated as air‐stable materials and characterised by 1H, 13C, 119Sn and 119Sn MAS (5) NMR spectroscopy, ESIMS spectrometry, elemental analysis and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The molecular structures of 3–5 show that the tin(IV) cation fits perfectly into the crown ether cavity and is coordinated by the five oxygen atoms of the ring to give a pentagonal bipyramidal configuration about the central metal cation. Notably, compounds 4 and 5 contain the first monomeric monoorganotin dication. Moreover, there are 3J(1H,119Sn) coupling constants to the CH2CH proton of 377 (3) and 470 Hz (4, 5) that are, to the best of our knowledge, the biggest such couplings ever reported.
Chain‐Growth Versus Step‐Growth Mechanisms for the Suzuki–Heck Polymerisation of Fluorenyldibromides with Potassium Vinyl Trifluoroborate
Authors: Grisorio Roberto , Suranna Gian Paolo , Mastrorilli Piero
Published: June 2010

The mechanism of the Suzuki–Heck (SuHe) polymerisation of 2,7‐dibromo‐9,9‐di(n‐dodecyl)fluorene (1) with potassium vinyl trifluoroborate (PVTB) for the synthesis of poly(fluorenylene vinylene)s (PFVs) has been investigated. In the first stage, a palladium‐catalysed chain‐growth AA/B(C)‐type polycondensation occurs, as evidenced by the linear trend observed when plotting the molecular weights of the polymer formed against the consumption of the monomer. The chain‐growth stage takes place until complete consumption of 1 and allows one to envisage the alternating addition of PVTB (by a Suzuki step) and 1 (by a Heck step) to the growing chain. Such alternating addition seems to proceed through a peculiar catalyst transfer during which the metal is constantly bound to the growing chain, confirmed by MALDI end‐group analysis. On prolonging the reaction after the disappearance of 1, a second stage takes place, leading to higher molecular weight polymers, which are formed by the step‐growth condensation of the fragments generated in the first stage. The molecular weights of the final PFVs depend on the PVTB/1 feed ratio. Thus, by using a PVTB/1 molar ratio of 1.1, the final PFV was characterised by an Mn of 39600 Da, whereas when using a PVTB/1 molar ratio of 2.0, the final PFV was characterised by an Mn of 13200 Da.
Selective Monoacylation of Ferrocene with Bulky Acylating Agents over Mesoporous Sieve AlKIT‐5
Authors: Procházková Dana , Bejblová Martina , Vlk Josef , Vinu Ajayan , Štěpnička Petr , Čejka Jiří
Published: June 2010

Ferrocene acylation with bulky acylating agents (1‐adamantoyl, benzoyl, 2‐chlorobenzoyl, and cinnamoyl chlorides; and benzoic anhydride) catalyzed by AlKIT‐5 mesoporous catalysts was investigated. AlKIT‐5 catalysts with varying ratios of Si/Al were synthesized using tetraethoxysilane and aluminum isopropoxide as the structural building blocks and Pluronic F127 as a template under acidic conditions and were characterized in detail by X‐ray powder diffraction, magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, sorption of nitrogen, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), SEM, TEM, and FTIR with pyridine as a probe molecule. The catalytic activity of the prepared AlKIT‐5 catalysts in ferrocene acylation was shown to depend on the type of the acylating agent, thus likely reflecting the strength of interactions between the acyl source, the product, and the solid catalysts when the acylation reaction was carried out at 100 °C. In all reactions, the AlKIT‐5 catalysts afforded exclusively the monoacylated products (100 % selectivity) most likely due to deactivation of the second cyclopentadiene ring by attachment of the first acyl group, steric reasons, and some competitive interactions of the monoacylferrocenes with the catalysts. The prepared AlKIT‐5 catalysts could be regenerated without any significant loss of the ferrocene conversion.
Efficient Synthesis of Biologically Interesting 3,4‐Diaryl‐Substituted Succinimides and Maleimides: Application of Iron‐Catalyzed Carbonylations
Authors: Prateeptongkum Saisuree , Driller Katrin Marie , Jackstell Ralf , Spannenberg Anke , Beller Matthias
Published: June 2010

A straightforward two‐step synthesis of trans‐3,4‐disubstituted succinimides through a palladium‐catalyzed Sonogashira reaction and an iron‐catalyzed double carbonylation is described. In situ oxidative dehydrogenation gave the corresponding 3,4‐diarylmaleimides. By starting from readily available aryl and heteroaryl halides, a variety of new analogues and derivatives of bioactive 3,4‐bisindolylmaleimides are obtained in good yield and selectivity.
Self‐Assembled Ultralong Chiral Nanotubes and Tuning of Their Chirality Through the Mixing of Enantiomeric Components
Authors: Zhu Xuefeng , Li Yuangang , Duan Pengfei , Liu Minghua
Published: June 2010

Enantiomeric L‐ or D‐glutamic acid based lipids were designed and their self‐assembly was investigated. It was found that at a certain concentration, either L‐ or D‐enantiomeric derivatives could self‐assemble in absolute alcohol to form a white organogel, which was composed of ultralong nanotubes with an aspect ratio higher than 1000. Further investigations revealed that these nanotubes were in chiral forms. The chirality of the nanotubes was determined by that of the enantiomers employed. In addition, when D and L enantiomers were mixed in different ratios, the nanotube could be tuned consecutively from nanotubes with a helical seam to nanotwists, the chirality of which being determined by the excess enantiomer in the mixed systems. In the case of an equimolar mixture of the enantiomers, flat nanoplates instead of helical nanotubes or nanotwists were obtained. The FTIR vibrational data and XRD layer‐distance values showed a consecutive change as a function of the enantiomeric excess. It was further revealed that the slightly stronger interaction between D–L enantiomeric pairs than that between D–D or L–L pairs was responsible for the formation of the diverse self‐assembled nanostructures.
ChemInform Abstract: Infinite, Linear, Unbranched Borynide Chains in LiBx — Isoelectronic to Polyyne and Polycumulene.
Authors: Woerle Michael , Nesper Reinhard
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Optical Properties of Se2‐ and Se2 Color Centers in the Red Selenium Ultramarine with the Sodalite Structure.
Authors: Schlaich H. , Lindner G.‐G. , Feldmann J. , Goebel E. O. , Reinen D.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a New Spinel, Li1.02Al0.25Mn1.75O3.97 S0.03, Operating at Potentials Between 4.3 and 2.4 V.
Authors: Park Sang Ho , Park Ki Soo , Sun Yang Kook , Nahm Kee Suk
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cation Effects on the Voltammetric Behavior of α‐Keggin‐Type [SiMo12O40]4‐ and [PMo12O40]3‐ Complexes in CH3COCH3 and CH3CN.
Authors: Himeno Sadayuki , Takamoto Masayo , Ueda Tadaharu
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Charged Paracyclophanes Behave as Annulenes with Enhanced Anisotropy.
Authors: Shabtai Elad , Segev Omri , Beust Ronald , Rabinovitz Mordecai
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Chiral Bisoxazoline Ligands with a Biphenyl Backbone: Preparation, Complexation, and Application in Asymmetric Catalytic Reactions.
Authors: Imai Yoshitane , Zhang Wanbin , Kida Toshiyuki , Nakatsuji Yohji , Ikeda Isao
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Valine‐Derived Lithiated 3‐Methylthiomethyl‐1,3‐oxazolidin‐2‐one for Enantioselective Nucleophilic Hydroxymethylation, Formylation, and Alkoxycarbonylation of Aldehydes.
Authors: Gaul Christoph , Seebach Dieter
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of α,α‐Dialkyl‐α‐amino Acids by Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysis.
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Takeuchi Mifune , Kameda Minoru , Maruoka Keiji
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,5‐Dimethylphenacyl as a New Photoreleasable Protecting Group for Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Klan Petr , Zabadal Miroslav , Heger Dominik
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Benzoylation of Methyl 1‐Adamantanecarboximidate.
Authors: No B. I. , Zotov Yu. L. , Shishkin E. V. , Klimov D. S. , Gora A. V.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium‐α‐lithioacetate and β‐Lithiopropionate: Useful Intermediates in Organic Synthesis.
Authors: Pastor Isidro M. , Yus Miguel
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: SmI2‐Mediated Nitrile Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Caracoti Andrei , Flowers II Robert A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Novel Reactivity of Halomethyldimethylsulfonium Salts.
Authors: Xu Yuelian , Fletcher Michelle , Dolbier Jr. William R.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Acyloxy‐N‐alkoxyureas.
Authors: Shtamburg V. G. , Pleshkova A. P. , Serdyuk V. N. , Ivonin S. P.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Electrochemical Transformation of Alkylidenecyanoacetates and Malonate into (E)‐3‐Substituted‐2‐cyanocyclopropane‐1,1,2‐tricarboxylates.
Authors: Elinson Michail N. , Feducovich Sergey K. , Starikova Zoya A. , Olessova Olga S. , Vereshchagin Anatolii N. , Nikishin Gennady I.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral, Densely Functionalized Medium‐Sized Rings from Carbohydrate Precursors via Regioselective exo/endo‐Primary Alkyl Radical Cyclizations.
Authors: Marco‐Contelles Jose , de Opazo Elsa
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryltitanium Species Through the Reaction of N,N‐Dialkylarylamines with TiCl4: Oxidative Coupling, N‐Dealkylation, and Reaction with Electrophiles.
Authors: Periasamy Mariappan , Jayakumar K. Natarajan , Bharathi Pandi
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselectivity in Sulfonation of 1‐Methylthiotricyclo[4.1.0.02.7]heptane.
Authors: Vasin V. A. , Kostryukov S. G. , Razin V. V.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Helical Phenanthrenes. Part 5. Synthesis of Pentahelicene‐7,8‐dione via Intramolecular Benzoin Condensation.
Authors: Modler‐Spreitzer Anja , Fritsch Rainer , Mannschreck Albrecht
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Interactions in a New Fullerene Dimer: C122H4, with Two Methylene Bridges.
Authors: Dragoe Nita , Shimotani Hidekazu , Hayashi Minoru , Saigo Kazuhiko , de Bettencourt‐Dias Ana , Balch Alan L. , Miyake Yoko , Achiba Yohji , Kitazawa Koichi
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Conversions of 2‐Acetyl‐5‐methyl‐4‐nitrofuran. Isomerization and Beckman Rearrangement of the Oxime.
Authors: Saldabol N. O. , Slavinskaya V. A. , Liepinsh E. E. , Popelis Yu. Yu. , Mazheika I. B.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyanoacetylene and Its Derivatives. Part 24. Synthesis and Cyclization of 3‐Alkyl(aryl)thio‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐alkenonitriles into Iminodihydrofurans in the Presence of Acids.
Authors: Mal'kina A. G. , Moshchevitina E. I. , Skvortsov Yu. M. , Sokolyanskaya L. V. , Trofimov B. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Corrosion of Aluminum Nitride (AlN) in Aqueous Cleaning Solutions.
Authors: Svedberg Lynne M. , Arndt Kenneth C. , Cima Michael J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Introduction of Fluoride into Organic Compounds. First Asymmetric Ring Opening of Epoxides by Hydrofluorinating Reagents.
Authors: Bruns Stefan , Haufe Guenter
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Substituted 5‐Dinitromethyl‐3‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐oxadiazoles with Phenyldiazomethane.
Authors: Tyrkov A. G. , Ladyzhnikova T. D. , Solov'ev N. A. , Altukhov K. V.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Aromatic Rings Through Enamine Annulation.
Authors: Wang Chen , Kohn Harold
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Fluorination at Saturated Sites.
Authors: Chambers Richard D. , Parsons Mandy , Sandford Graham , Bowden Roy
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.