bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMADUKAN SEKOLAH DAN PESANTREN SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMBANGUN AKHLAK YANG MULIA: MEMAHAMI SEKOLAH TERPADU
Authors: Rasyid Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Konsep integrasi merupakan salah satu konsep yang mencoba sesuatu dengan paradigma yang berbeda yaitu memadukan hal yang berbeda baik dari konsep maupun praktiknya. Lembaga pendidikan Islam saat ini berada pada fase degradrasi sehingga harus diupayakan untuk memadukan sekolah dengan pesantren yang harus terjalin dalam konteks pembelajran sehingga bermuara pada lahirnya peserta didik yang berakhlaq, bermoral dan berwawasan luas baik secara individu maupun kelompok. lembaga pendidikan Islam yang diharapkan sekarang, juga lebih maju sebagaimana pesantren terpadu (modern), madrasah terpadu, dan Sekolah Islam terpadu yang memanajj pendidikan dengan memadukan antara kurikulum agama dan kurikulum pendidikan umum, sehingga menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki karakter yang kuat, membangun manusia yang beriman bertaakwa, berakhlak mulia dan juga cerdas memiliki kompetensi ilmu pengetauan umum dan tenologi sebagaimana yang diharapkan.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDIDIKAN DI LINGKUNGAN SUFI
Authors: Rasyid Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Pendidikan Islam berkembang semarak pada abad II dan III Hijriah, dimulai dari masa Bani Umayyah dan kemudian mengalami puncaknya pada masa dinasti awal Abbasiyah. Pendidikan di lingkungan sufi memiliki karakteristik tersendiri yang membedakannya dengan lembaga dan model pendidikan lainnya, baik terkait dengan tujuan, kelembagaan, sistem pendidikan, metode pendidikan, maupun evaluasinya. Tujuan pendidikan sufi adalah untuk mencapai tingkat taqarrub kepada Allah, dengan prilaku yang ditanamkan seperti zuhd dan faqr. Cara yang ditempuh untuk memper-olehnya adalah dengan cara menyepi di suatu tempat atau lembaga tertentu dan cenderung mengabaikan kehidupan dunia. Sistem pendidikannya melalui baiat, mementingkan sislilah, mengajarkan materi-materi yang terkait dengan ibadah, shalat, wirid, yang diamalkan secara langsung dengan cara tertentu dan dibimbing mursyîd. Metode pendidikannya adalah peneladanan, pembiasaa, tawajjuh dan rabithah. Evaluasi akhir pendidikan ini adalah ijazah, atau pengakuat mursyîd terhadap kematangan muridnya dalam penguasaan amalan-amalan yang diajarkan.
EFEKTIVITAS MENGHAFAL AL-QURAN MELALUI PROGRAM DAUROH AL-QUR’AN DI PONDOK PESANTREN MADRASATUL QUR’ANIYAH TATO KEC. BATULAYAR
Authors: Hudatullah
Published: March 2024

Menghafal al-Qur’an merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang sangat mulia, dan paling besar nilainya karena menghafal al-Qur’an akan membuka pintu-pintu kebaikan. Allah telah menjanjikan kebaikan di dunia dan diakhirat bagi orang yang menghafal al-Qur’an. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan penelitian ini antara lain sebagaiberikut: a) Untuk mengetahui proses pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh ustad dan ustadzah dalam meningkatkan hafalan al-Qur’an melalui program Dauroh Al-Qur’an; b) Untuk mengetahui efektivitas metode yang digunakan dalam proses menghafal al-Qur’an melalui program Dauroh Al-Qur’an; dan c) Untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan program Dauroh Al-Qur’an dalam keefektivan metode yang di gunakan sabaq, sabqi dan manzil. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan pengumpulan data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Proses pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh ustad dan ustadzah dalam meningkatkan hafalan santri yaitu dengan perbaikan bacaan al-Qur’an (tahsin) yang bertujuan agar hafalan al-Quran santri sesuai dengan kaidah ilmu tajwid, kemudian pemberian motivasi agar santri semakin bersemangat dalam menghafal al- Quran dan adanya reward dan punishment sebagai suatu usaha agar santri dapat mengingkatkan hafalan dan bersungguh- sungguh dalam mengikuti program Dauroh Al-Qur’an; 2) Pada Dauroh Al-Qur’an menggunakan metode talaqqi yaitu metode menghafal dengan cara menyetor langsung kepada gurunya. Sedangkan untuk santri, program Dauroh Al-Qur’an  menerapkan metode khusus,seperti metode sabaq,sabqi,manzil untuk menyiapkan hafalan santri bebas menggunakan metode apa saja sesuai dengan kebutuhan masing-masing; dan 3) Kelebihan dari program Dauroh Al-Qur’an  dalam keefektivan metode yang di gunakan sabaq, sabqi dan manzil  yaitu santri memiliki banyak waktu untuk menghafal al-Quran, karena program Dauroh Al-Qur’an dilaksanakan  setiap hari  sehingga santri yang mengikuti program Dauroh Al-Qur’an dapat menghafal dengan bebas tanpa terkendala dengan tugas-tugas sekolah. Meskipun demikian terdapat juga kendala dalam proses pembinaan yang disebabkan kurangnya keseriusan santri dalam menghafal al-Quran dan rasa malas serta bosan pada diri santri.
PROBLEMATIKA GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SISWA PADA KELAS II SDN 1 MEDANA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2023
Authors: Isthifha Darma Ainun
Published: March 2024

Basic literacy learning is a concrete step for teachers to improve student learning abilities so that they are able to support student activities in the learning process in the classroom.  The aims of this study were 1) to analyze the implementation of basic literacy learning for students in grade II SDN 1 Medana; 2) To analyze the obstacles experienced by the teacher in learning the basic literacy of reading and writing students in class II of SDN 1 Medana: 3) To provide solutions that are used by the teacher to overcome the obstacles experienced in learning the basic literacy of reading and writing students in class II of SDN 1 Medana.

The method used in this research is to use a qualitative research approach.  The data collection used in this study is the method of interviews, observation and documentation.  While the data analysis uses the stages of data collection, data presentation, and conclusions.

The results of this study are: 1) Implementation of basic literacy learning to read and write students in class II SDN 1 Medana.  Implementation of basic literacy learning in elementary schools at low grades requires teacher readiness both in terms of competence, especially pedagogic competence, especially when teachers teach in elementary schools.  Because elementary school is the most important institution in increasing each student's interest, talent and motivation so that they are able to develop each competency they have, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor through learning basic literacy (reading and writing: 2) Obstacles experienced by teachers in learning basic literacy reading and writing students in class II SDN 1 Medana.  Obstacles experienced by teachers in learning basic literacy consist of internal factors, namely consisting of students and teachers.  While external factors consist of the library and school and family environment: 3) Solutions used by teachers to overcome obstacles experienced in learning basic literacy in reading and writing students in class II SDN 1 Medana.  The solutions used in overcoming the problems faced by teachers in the implementation of basic literacy learning lead to increasing the competence of teachers and students so that they can work together in increasing the basic literacy abilities of students in schools in the learning process seen from the internal side.  As for the external side, it leads to mileu (environment) which is able to support student activities in learning, besides the library which is another support.
Effectiveness of Immersive Language Learning: An Investigation into English Language Acquisition in Immersion Environments Versus Traditional Classroom Settings
Authors: Porter Samuel , Sofia Castillo Mariana
Published: March 2024

Language acquisition, employing varied methodologies, has been a focal point of extensive research. This study evaluates the effectiveness of formal classroom learning and immersion learning in English language acquisition. Formal instruction, characterized by a structured approach, places significant emphasis on grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation (Ellis, 1994). Numerous studies affirm the efficacy of this method in enhancing language proficiency (Norris & Ortega, 2000).However, Krashen (1982) suggested a distinction between learning and acquisition, the latter being crucial for developing fluency and communicative competence. Immersion learning addresses this, offering constant exposure to the target language in different contexts (Cook, 2011). Research demonstrates superior language proficiency in immersion program students (Genesee, 1987; Lyster & Collins, 2010). Despite its potential, immersion learning can be intimidating for some, affecting their academic progress (Swain & Johnson, 1997). Efficacy of both methods depends on individual learner factors such as motivation, aptitude, and age (Dörnyei, 2005). Therefore, a balanced approach integrating both methods might provide a more comprehensive learning experience, facilitating accuracy and fluency in English language acquisition.
Cultivating a New Ecosystem in English Language Teaching: A Focus on Researchers in a Textbook Development Project
Authors: Thomas Oliver , Eleanor Aria
Published: March 2024

This study explores the evolving landscape of English language teaching and the critical role researchers can play in textbook development. Traditional methods, often rigid and outdated, are increasingly giving way to dynamic, learner-centered approaches, influenced by advancements in pedagogy and sociocultural shifts. Despite these changes, textbooks, a cornerstone in language education, often remain static and unresponsive to current educational needs. This disconnect between research and practice not only questions the textbooks' relevance but also affects their effectiveness. By integrating researchers into the textbook development process, this study argues for a more empirically-grounded, dynamic, and responsive pedagogical framework. Researchers can offer cutting-edge insights in areas such as second language acquisition, corpus linguistics, and educational psychology, thus enhancing the quality and efficacy of textbooks. The study posits that the inclusion of researchers can help bridge the existing gap between theory and practice, thereby creating a more enriching and effective educational ecosystem for English language teaching.
Balancing being a ‘Good Teacher’ and a ‘Motivating Teacher of English’: Analysing the Sense of Professional Responsibility of Pre- Service EFL Teachers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Mansoor Abdullah
Published: March 2024

This study explores the roles, responsibilities, and preparedness of pre-service EFL teachers in Saudi Arabia, particularly focusing on their self-perceived levels of professional responsibility, pedagogical skills, and motivation. Utilizing a mixed-method research design, the study involved distributing surveys to 100 pre-service teachers and conducting in-depth interviews with 20 participants. Findings reveal that a majority of respondents perceive themselves as highly responsible professionals with adequate pedagogical skills, and there is a strong correlation between these skills and their motivational capacities. The study also highlights the importance of understanding Saudi Arabia's unique cultural context in shaping pedagogical decisions. While the research is limited by its sample size and self-reported data, it offers significant implications for teacher training programs and educational policies in Saudi Arabia, especially in light of the nation's Vision 2030 initiative. This study serves as a foundational exploration for future research in the dynamically evolving educational landscape of Saudi Arabia.
The dual lens: bilingualism's influence on cognitive, social, and emotional aspects of child well-being in a globalised world
Authors: Wei Li , Jing Zhang
Published: March 2024

This research investigated the cognitive, emotional, and social implications of bilingualism on children aged 6-12 years from 20 diverse families, divided equally into bilingual and monolingual households. Utilising a mixed-methods design, the study employed cognitive tests, self-report questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews to gauge the multifaceted impacts of bilingual upbringing. Results, aligned with prior studies, underscored cognitive advantages in bilingual children. However, potential language delays and the necessity for adaptive educational strategies were highlighted. While bilingualism fostered heightened resilience and empathy, emotional strains were identified. The research emphasises the need for longitudinal studies, highlighting the intricate relationship between bilingualism and child well-being.
Impact of AI-Driven Language Learning Apps on Vocabulary Acquisition among English Learners
Authors: Wei-Xun Liang , Jia-Ying Zhang
Published: March 2024

This research investigates how AI powered language learning apps impact acquisition, among learners in China. The main focus is on comparing the effectiveness of these apps to learning methods. The study uses an approach measuring growth over time in experimental and control groups that use different learning methods. It is hypothesized that AI driven apps, which personalize the learning experience and provide feedback can improve retention and recall abilities. Additionally the study explores the influence of gamification in these apps by analyzing its effects on learner motivation and engagement. To conduct this research two groups of learners will be involved in a controlled experiment; one group using methods and another group using AI driven apps. The goal of this study is to gather evidence on the effectiveness of AI powered tools for acquisition while providing valuable insights for educators, learners and developers of language learning applications. Ultimately it aims to contribute to an understanding of technologys role, in language education.
Exploring the Contribution of Film and Music in Learning English Idioms
Authors: Al-Hamdun Subhi , Al Mozari Saloom
Published: March 2024

This research delves into the impact of movies and music, on understanding. Using idiomatic expressions in English. It explores how these artistic forms not enhance language skills but foster cultural awareness and emotional connections. The study emphasizes the value of movies by depicting idioms in dialogues and diverse cultural settings. Additionally it examines how music incorporates idioms to convey emotions making them more accessible and memorable. The research findings demonstrate that a significant number of participants actively engage with these mediums leading to improved comprehension of expressions. All participants reported a grasp of idioms with the majority expressing a preference for learning through films and music. Notably 90.4% gained increased confidence in using idioms. These findings validate the effectiveness of these mediums as tools for learning idioms offering an educational experience that immerses learners, in both language acquisition and cultural nuances associated with the English language.
Ensuring the safety of business activities in the context of an acute sanctions policy on the part of foreign states (administrative and legal aspect)
Authors: Lyannoi Gleb Gennad'evich
Published: March 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the issue of ensuring the safety of entrepreneurial activity in the context of acute sanctions policies. Why the concept of an acute sanctions policy has been studied. Using historical and legal methods, cases of the application of economic and political sanctions between states in ancient times have been identified. The number of sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation after the events of February 2022 is given. Further, the author's concepts are given in the work: the safety of entrepreneurial activity in the conditions under consideration, ensuring the safety of entrepreneurial activity in a narrow and broad sense. This allows us to take a fresh look at the issue under study, the classification of economic and political sanctions is given. Legal phenomena such as legitimate and non-legitimate sanctions, which are used by various countries, are revealed. By the security of business activity, we mean the following: - the state of the business, formed from a set of constantly performed joint actions of employees of the company, its managers or owners, different in content and direction; - organization and orderly functioning of existing business processes, their protection; - the formation of a planned, progressive movement, goal-oriented development carried out within the framework of a short-term, medium-term and long-term business development strategy; - these actions are aimed at meeting the needs of society in order to systematically generate business profits regardless of internal and external challenges (threats). Ensuring the safety of entrepreneurial activity is impossible without ensuring the security of the state, ensuring the security of the state is impossible without ensuring the safety of entrepreneurial activity.
Linguistics of intertext. Quotations in Julio Cortázar’s fiction (based on the material of the Spanish language)
Authors: Ryzhakov Vadim Sergeevich
Published: March 2024

In modern humanities the range of issues, related to manifestations of intertextuality in texts of different language systems, their interpretation by the recipient, as well as the use of intertexts by authors of verbal and non-verbal texts, is still of great interest to researchers. Moreover, the intertext plays a significant role in modern text-creating. This makes important studying the structural characteristics of intertextual units with the aim of developing the technic of creation one’s own intertexts as well as translating intertexts of others. So, the object of the present research are the intertextual units in the postmodernist writings, the subject are their linguistic characteristics. As the material the author has chosen the fiction by Julio Cortázar, which is particularly reach in intertexts. In order to delineate the existing definitions of intertextuality according to the “broad” and “restricted” approaches and precise our own vision of this phenomenon the author applied the methods of the cognitive sciences and semiotics. The general linguistic methods, such as description and observation, have been used in the analysis of the structure of the chosen intertextual units. The scientific originality of the research consists in the description of the linguistic particularities of different types of quotes in Cortázar’s fiction. During the analysis, quotations based on literal reproduction of the original format of the intertextually borrowed saying and citations that change it have been defined. The author pays particular attention to the analysis of the attribution, considered the key structural component of an intertextual unit. The results of the research may form the basis of the further researches of the linguistics of intertext. It may also be of practical interest to the authors using intertextual units in their own texts, as well as to translators of Cortázar’s and other postmodernist writers’ fiction.
Transformation of cultural values as a threat to cultural security
Authors: Isachenko Nadezhda  Nikolaevna
Published: March 2024

Values formed in culture, reflecting social relations, fulfilling a regulatory role, are defined as norms fixed in the culture of society. Moral norms that combine such properties of morality as normativity, imperativeness and evaluativeness act as significant foundations of culture. Values and norms enshrined in culture contribute to the integration and spiritual development of society The transformational processes taking place in modern society have influence on the value system. The relevance of this study is determined by the dialectic of emerging contradictions in modern Russian culture caused by the formation of ambivalent values, norms, and attitudes in mass culture that have a negative impact on collective consciousness, on changing the value foundations of culture in modern society, which jeopardizes the safety of culture. In the focus of the analyzed problem, kitsch culture as a phenomenon of mass culture acts as the subject of research. The purpose of the study is to identify threats to cultural security coming from kitsch culture, which transforms the value foundations of culture, and to identify strategies to protect Russian culture. The study of the voiced issues is carried out through the prism of socio-cultural, structural-functional, interdisciplinary approaches. The novelty of the studied problem lies in the fact that kitsch culture acts as a pseudo-culture, which is devoid of aesthetic and artistic value and moral content, as one of the sources that creates certain risks and poses threats to cultural security. In particular, we are talking about the organization of joint activities of government agencies, public organizations, scientific, cultural and educational spheres, based on the principles of optimizing the constructive impact on the consciousness of the younger generation through the mediation process and inculturation.
Willingness-to-Comply Analysis of Incentive Mechanisms for Alleviating Local Congestion in Metro Waiting Areas
Authors: Gao Liangpeng , Duan Xiaofan , Jian Wenliang , Wang Xue , Chen Dewang
Published: March 2024

Effectively equilibrating passenger distribution on metro platforms and carriages is important for relieving local congestion. This paper explores the role of incentive mechanisms in encouraging passenger queuing behaviours. To quantitatively analyse passenger compliance with the policy, a questionnaire survey was conducted in Fuzhou, China. According to the preliminary analysis of the survey data, passengers have various moving distance preferences under the incentive scenarios, namely, no movement, smaller distance and greater distance. Additionally, this paper establishes a nested logit model that considers travel purposes and moving distances. The empirical results show that although monetary and point-system incentives can effectively enhance passenger compliance with transfer queue-positioning requirements, when the moving distance is very small, people pay less attention to rewards. Compared to those commuting on weekends, passengers commuting on weekdays comply with policies more strongly, and the effect of implementing incentive policies is better; however, the effect of those policies is reduced among those travelling for leisure. Meanwhile, when travelling for leisure, as the number of companions increases, people’s willingness to follow guidance on where to wait increases. According to the results, the implementation of incentive-based waiting encouragement policies during peak working days can result in good compliance.
Numerical Simulation of Vehicle Tyre under Various Load Conditions and Its Effect on Road Traffic Safety
Authors: Karpenko Mykola , Prentkovskis Olegas , Skačkauskas Paulius
Published: March 2024

The main objective of the transport reliability and maintenance analysis is to improve the understanding of accidents through incident investigations. This research focuses on composite pneumatic tyres used in transportation engineering and presents both theoretical and experimental studies. The finite element method used for numerical simulation combined with pre-experimental measurements based on optimisation by material vibration response is presented for tyre material modelling. Piezoelectric vibration test was used for the pre-experimental test of the tyre quarters. The simulation results indicate that the pneumatic tyre with the recommended air pressure inflation shows the least amount of deformation. In comparison, pneumatic tyres with recommended and reduced air pressure inflation of 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 bar are under research. Additionally, it was established that, when subjected to external forces that exceed the tyre’s maximum weight capacity, as determined by the manufacturer, the tyre exhibits significant stiffening and internal stress. The research suggests that this methodology can be used to obtain a realistic model of vehicle tyre dynamic processes and assess the impact on road traffic safety with different inflation pressures and loads.
The Performance of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles with Trajectory Planning in a Fixed Signal Controlled Intersection
Authors: Liu Shaojie , Fan Wei , Jiao Shuaiyang , Li Aizeng
Published: March 2024

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are recognised as a technology trend in the transportation engineering arena. As one of the most popular capabilities of CAVs, trajectory planning attracts extensive attention and interest from both academia and the industry. Segmented trajectory planning is gaining popularity for its simplicity and robustness in computation and deployment. Constructive recommendations and guidelines can be provided by exploring the effects of segmented trajectories in different settings of CAVs and intersections. This research proposes a control strategy for segmented trajectory planning in a fixed signal timing environment. To test the effects of this control strategy, this research designs simplified fixed signalised intersection scenarios and implements segmented trajectory planning features of CAVs with different traffic demand scenarios, distances and speed limits. The results show that the proposed control strategy has stable superior performances in different traffic scenarios especially when the traffic volume is near capacity.
A Novel Data Envelopment Analysis Framework for Performance Evaluation of European Road Transport Systems
Authors: Mansouri Kaleibar Mozhgan , Krmac Evelin
Published: March 2024

The role of transportation is becoming increasingly important in the world economy, and road transport in particular plays a very important role in all types of transportation. For this reason, it is extremely important to monitor its performance regularly. Very often, this is done using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) performance evaluation models, and consequently, there are numerous articles in the literature on DEA evaluation of road transport systems. In this study, we first summarise these articles and classify them according to different characteristics (environmental, safety, economic, energy). Finally, we use them as a basis for developing a novel DEA framework, which is used for the evaluation of the efficiency and ranking of road transport systems that also takes into account undesirable outputs, i.e. environmental and safety outputs. As a case study, we evaluate 28 European countries from technical, safety and environmental aspects. The CCR and SBM models are used to evaluate the efficiency of these countries for the last two years of published data. The results show that Denmark ranks first and Cyprus last for both years. It was also found that safety efficiency is generally rated lower than other criteria. Finally, the results and reasons for the efficiency and inefficiency of specific decision-making units, i.e. countries, are discussed.
Factors Affecting the Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Freeway Operations – An Exploratory Analysis Using PCEs
Authors: Favero Renan , Setti José Reynaldo
Published: March 2024

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) will share the roads for a long time, hence the need to study traffic flows mixing AVs and HDVs, especially during the AV introduction period. This paper aims to investigate the roadway and traffic characteristics that affect the impact of AVs on freeway traffic operations, using an adapted version of the HCM6 truck passenger-car equivalent (PCE) methodology. A large number of scenarios comprising different roadway characteristics, AV types and traffic flow compositions were simulated using Vissim to obtain AV PCEs. The results indicated that, for all scenarios considered, an AV has a 20% lower impact on the quality of service and operation than an HDV. A CART decision tree indicated that the most important factors affecting the AVs’ impact on traffic operations are vehicle-to-vehicle connectivity level and the capability of travelling in platoons. Maximum platoon length did not matter, and the increase in the number of traffic lanes reduced the positive impact of AVs on service quality.
Development and validation of LC-MS/MS method for the determination of amikacin in human plasma and its application in adult hospitalized patients in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Utami Esti Dyah , Puspitasari Ika , Humardewayanti Rizka  Asdie , Lukitaningsih Endang , Noviana Eka , Pebriana Ratna Budhi , Prihati Dita Amalia
Published: March 2024

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is critical to ensure the safe and effective administration of amikacin (AMK), which has a narrow therapeutic index. This study aimed to develop and validate an efficient and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determining AMK in human plasma and applying it to hospitalized patients. Before LC-MS/MS measurements, plasma samples were treated with an optimized protein precipitation method using methanol (MeOH). Optimum chromatographic conditions for determining AMK in human plasma include using a C8 column (5 μm, 100 × 4.6 mm) and gradient elution using ammonium formate-formic acid-H2O and formic acid-MeOH mixture as the mobile phase at a 0.5 ml/minute flow rate. The method has been validated following the European Medicines Agency guidelines and has met all validation requirements with excellent selectivity, an lowest limit of quantification value of 0.2 μg/ml, good accuracy and precision in the linear range of 0.2–25 μg/ml, good dilution integrity up to 20 dilution times, and stable under various conditions. The method has also successfully been applied for measuring AMK peak levels (Cmax) and trough levels (Cmin) in the plasma of adult inpatients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The LC-MS/MS measurement can be completed in 7.5 minutes, and the method can be applied in the TDM of AMK.
Secondary metabolites from the leaves of Terminalia myriocarpa and their α-glucosidase inhibitory potential
Authors: Boulis Ann G. , Zalabani Soheir M. El , Ghaly Neveen S. , Sabry Omar M. , El-Manawaty May A. , Afifi Ahmed H. , Melek Farouk R.
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study is to investigate the chemical composition of the leaves of Terminalia myriocarpa and to evaluate their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity aiming to be used as a safe antidiabetic. Consequently, 10 compounds were isolated using column and preparative thin-layer chromatographic techniques and identified as alphitolic acid, isovitexin, flavogallonic acid, nigaichigoside F1, quercetin, quadranoside IV, rosamultin, 19α-hydroxyasiatic acid, asiatic acid, and arjunic acid. Structure elucidation was based on chemical (acid hydrolysis) and spectroscopic (UV, 1 H, and 13C-NMR) analyses and findings were confirmed through comparison with published data. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the methanol extract fractions and compounds isolated therefrom was evaluated in-vitro alongside that of acarbose (positive control). Results revealed that quercetin and flavogallonic acid were significantly active with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) equal to 7.5 ± 0.09 and 21.0 ± 1.4 µM, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction of lavogallonic acid with α-glucosidase enzyme was verified by docking experiment. Accordingly, quercetin and flavogallonic acid could be considered safer natural alternatives to the currently availableα-glucosidase inhibitors.
Low-temporal coherence light self-focusing effect by spatial resolved method
Authors: Shan Chong , Kong Ling-Bao , Cui Yong , Ji Lai-Lin , Zhao Xiao-Hui , Li Fu-Jian , Rao Da-Xing , Zhao Yuan-An , Sui Zhan , Shao Jian-Da ,   Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-precision Optical Manufacturing, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China,   Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Shanghai 201800, China,   Key Laboratory of High Power Laser Materials, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
Published: March 2024

The low-temporal coherence light (LTCL) has received extensive attention in the research of inertial confinement fusion due to its physical properties of instantaneous broadband. Recent reports demonstrated that the LTCL has significant suppression effects on laser plasma instability. However, the temporal spike structures of the LTCL will not only induce the amplification of the self-focusing effect, but also make its small-scale self-focusing characteristics and corresponding damage mechanism more complicated. Exploring the self-focusing characteristics of the LTCL will provide an important information for improving the output power of the LTCL. In this work, we design a more accurate test method for comparing the nonlinear self-focusing effects of different lasers, and compare the self-focusing effect of LTCL with single longitudinal mode (SLM) pulse. In the experiments, fused silica is tightly focused by a short focal length lens to avoid damaging the input surface. A spatially resolved test method is designed to measure the nonlinear I×L value (where I is the incident intensity, L is the distance from the head of filamentation damage to the input surface), which is accumulated from the input surface to the head of filamentation damage. The results show that the nonlinear I×L value obtained by the spatially resolved method is lower than by the traditional test method, since the energy loss caused by incident surface damage and backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has been resolved. Furthermore, the nonlinear I×L values of the SLM pulse and the LTCL are also compared by the traditional test method and spatially resolved method. The test results show that due to the temporal spike structure, the LTCL has a lower nonlinear I×L value than the SLM pulse. The SBS effect and the different damage characteristics of the input surface are also analyzed. This study provides a more accurate test method for better analyzing the self-focusing effect of LTCL and laser pulses with different characteristics, and hence presenting a reference for designing high-power devices of low-temporal coherence light.
Ovttastallan: sámiid relašunalitehta ja dan vierut
Authors: Kuokkanen Rauna , Mitkijá Balto Asta
Published: March 2024

Relašunalitehta prinsihppa lea eamiálbmogiid máilmmeipmárdusa vuolggasadji. Dat lea maiddái eamiálbmotdutkamuša vuođđodoaba, mii hábme ee. metodologiijaid. Moai evttohetne, ahte ovttastallan-doaba jadasa gullevaš vierut vástidit eamiálbmogiid relašunalitehta prinsihpa. Moai guorahalle njealje dábálaš ovttastallanvieru ja dan, mo ovttastallan sáhttá doaibmat otnábeaivuohkin ja metodan čoavdit hástaleaddji servodatáššiid. Dasa lassin suokkardetne mo ovttastallama vierut doibmet sámiid árbevirolaš soabadallanvuohkin, man mii dávjá geavahit muhto man árvvu dahje mearkkašumi mii eat álo fuomáš. Mo ovttastallan lea min árbevirolaš vuohki soabadit, čoavdit oktasaš hástalusaid, háhkat ođđa áddejumi ja oktasaš dieđu ja dáinna lágiin ovddidit servodathuksema ja buresveadjima? Manne lea dehálaš loktet ovttastallamavieruid árvvu ja sajádaga otná sámeservodagas?
Produção do setor de hortaliças da comunidade Ajó, município de Cametá–PA
Authors: Viana José Eduardo de Freitas , Martins Natalia Pinheiro , De Oliveira Gabriel Lima , Parreira Mariana Casari , Gome Kelly de Jesus de Souza , Dos Santos Márcio , Dos Santos Junior Cezário Ferreira
Published: March 2024

Os agricultores familiares aos redores das cidades têm procurados novas alternativas de rendas, sendo a comercialização de hortaliças uma importante estratégia, contudo, existes fatores físicos, sociais, culturais e econômicos que impossibilitam a otimização dos seus empreendimentos. Objetivou nesta pesquisa analisar a cadeia de produção do setor de hortaliças desenvolvidos pelos agricultores da comunidade do Ajó, município de Cametá, região do Baixo Tocantins, estado do Pará. Realizou-se a coleta de dados através de questionário semiestruturado, em que foram aplicadas técnicas de estatística descritiva. Os dados mostram que 46% dos entrevistados possuem propriedades através da herança. Além disso, 46% dos produtores informaram que trabalham com fruticultura, 29% cultivos anuais e 25% pecuária como criação de porcos, peixes e galinhas.  As rendas médias mensais da produção de hortaliças mostram 50% possuem renda de até R$ 814,00 e utilizam exclusivamente mão de obra familiar. Informam que 50% não fazem parceria, 42% sempre fazem parceria e 8% eventualmente. Entre as principais dificuldade está a comercialização sendo feita através dos atravessadores (41,66%), feiras (16,66%), mercado + atravessadores (12,5%) e feiras + atravessadores (8,33%). Além de 75% produtores alegam problemas técnicos como pragas e doenças nas culturas. A pesquisa demostra a importância da atividade hortícola para economia local e as limitações da cadeia produtiva.
Artificial Intelligence in Fisheries and Aquaculture: Enhancing Sustainability and Productivity
Authors: Mohale Hari Prasad , Narsale Swapnil Ananda , Kadam Rishikesh Venkatrao , Prakash Patekar , Sheikh Samad , Mansukhbhai Chovatia Ravikumar , Kirtikumar Parmar Bindiya , Baraiya Ravi
Published: March 2024

According to its definition, artificial intelligence (AI) is "the future built from fragments of the past." These are applications that acquire novel solutions with practice. Artificial intelligence has been used in various disciplines, from agriculture to full industry automation. Thanks to AI, aquaculture has become a less labor-intensive industry, enabling the fisheries sector to grow quickly and triple production quickly. It can appear as any laborer at work, such as feeders, water quality monitors, harvesters, processors, etc. AI can even be employed to protect aquatic life types from extinction. AI monitors fishing activity worldwide and promotes open sea fisheries' sustainability. AI plays a significant role in combating IUU fishing. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used in aquaculture to limit input waste and cut costs by up to 30%. As a result, AI offers total control over fish production systems at a lower maintenance and input cost. AI's integration into aquaculture has transformed the industry, enabled sustainable growth, increased productivity and cost savings while minimizing environmental impact and labor requirements. Through the application of AI technologies, aquaculture can meet the growing demand for seafood while addressing challenges such as overfishing, environmental degradation, and resource scarcity.
ReT-ELBa: A Novel Algorithm for Efficient Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Rashid Yusif , Nakpih Callistus Ireneous
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a novel load-balancing algorithm for balancing load on the cloud environment which we call Response Time Efficient Load Balancer (ReT-ELBa). Load balancing involves a dynamic and equal distribution of workloads among processors or Virtual Machines to achieve better resource utilisation. The study gives an insight into the design, implementation and evaluation of an enhanced load-balancing algorithm that allocates tasks across Virtual Machines on the cloud, which minimises Response Time and increases resource utilisation. The ReT-ELBa distributes tasks based on their sizes, the requirements for their executions, as well as the state of the Virtual Machines. The Cloud Analyst simulation tool was employed to simulate or evaluate various cases for the ReT-ELBa in comparison with the Throttled and Round Robin algorithms. The study revealed that the ReT-ELBa outperformed the two algorithms in relation to Response Time. The ReT-ELBa also outperformed the two algorithms in relation to Data Centre Processing Time for all simulated cases, except one (Case 3), which recorded a small difference of 0.07ms. Even the Response Time was the Primary focus of this research, the Data Centre Processing Time of the algorithm was also analysed to present a more elaborate representation of the performances of the algorithms.
Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Bulb Yield and Yield-Related Attributes of Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Fogera Area, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Asfaw Abebe Getu , Woldie Wubayehu Gebremedhin , Gelagil Demsew Bekele
Published: March 2024

Aim: Onion is one of the most important vegetable crops grown under irrigation in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. However, its productivity is affected by sub-optimal fertilization. The present research was conducted to investigate the response and economic returns of onion to N and P fertilizers application under irrigation.

Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Design in Factorial Arrangement with three replications.

Place and Duration of the Study:  The research was conducted in 2020 and 2021 in the Fogera area of Northwest Ethiopia.

Methodology: Four levels of N (0, 46, 92, and 138 kg N ha-1) and three levels of P (0, 46, and 92 kg P2O5 ha-1) were factorially combined and laid in a randomized complete block design with three replications.

Results: The results showed that the yield and yield components of onion were significantly affected by the main effects of N. However, the main effects of P and its interaction with N did not significantly influence the growth and yield of onion. The highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, bulb girth and marketable bulb yield were recorded from the application of N138 statistically at par with N92. The maximum net economic return was obtained from the application of N138.

Conclusion: Application of 138 kg N ha-1 was the economic optimum rate for maximum bulb yield of onion in the study area. Further investigation on the response of onion to P is recommended.
Clinical, Pathological and Epidemiological Aspects of Cephalopina titillator Larval, Exciter in Camelus dromedaris from the Rafsanjan Region, Iran
Authors: Azizi Hamidreza , Kojouri Gholamali , Pirali Yaser , Maghami Mahmood , Zahirabadi Mohammadreza Bafti
Published: March 2024

The camel nasal bot fly is an obligate parasite which its larvae causes nasopharyngeal myiasis and the 3rd generation of larvae may cause serious nasal mucosal damage. The present study was conducted on Camelus dromedaris to determine the clinical assessment, seasonal prevalence and also pathological adverse effect of Cephalopina titillator in Rafsanjan region (South east of Iran). Due to history and dental formula, camels were divided into four age groups: less than two years (62 cases), two to five years (86 cases), five to nine (42 cases) and more than nine  years (10 cases), which positive cases confirmed in 12 (19.4%%), 31 (36%), 40 (95.2%) and 10 (100%) cases, respectively. The major clinical signs of naturally infected camel was categorized in three main parts; Respiratory signs, nervous behavior and general symptoms which the main ones were related to stridor and nasal discharge. Suspected larvae with average 14.83±4.35 was recovered from 93 infested camels and evaluated microscopically for determining the larval stage. Furthermore, the gross and histopathological findings were recorded by using tissue  samples. These non sex related findings showed that with increasing the age, susceptibility to this specific parasite infestation increased as well (p<0.001). No significant seasonal changes were recorded, but the incidence rate was higher in March, April and September. Different larval stage were mostly found in nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal and laryngeal areas which was accompanied by local inflammation, regional edema and serosanguinous exudate. Microscopical findings were showed the epithelial damage along with lymphoid hyperplasia, accumulation of inflammatory cells and remnants of necrotic tissue. However, fibroblasts proliferation, connective tissue formation along with some degrees of atrophy and focal calcification were the significant findings of  chronic infestation.
These findings indicate the presence of heavy larval infestation in camel of Rafsanjan region  which imposes severe economic losses and affect their health, growth and related productions. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out the necessary measures for the biological control  of the camel nasal bot fly.
A Comparative Study of the Antifungal Activity of Fresh and Dried Solanum anguivi Fruits on Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum
Authors: Sitapha Ouattara , Elisée Kporou Kouassi , Mathieu Kra Adou Koffi , Desire Appia Franck Hermann , Francis Yapo Adou , David N’guessan Jean , Joseph Djaman Allico
Published: March 2024

In Côte d'Ivoire, as elsewhere in Africa, Solanum anguivi Lam is widely used in traditional medicine to treat bacterial and fungal infections. Given the importance of this plant, the extracts 70%, 80% and 100% from fresh and dried fruits was evaluated for the in vitro growth of two isolates of pathogenic fungi (Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum), as well as its anti-free radical activity. 

Antifungal tests were carried out by plating 1000 cells of each isolate on Sabouraud agar medium using the double dilution method in inclined tubes. Both extracts were active on the different strains tested, according to a dose-response relationship based on the principle of the method used.

However, extracts from fresh fruit showed good activity on C. albicans, while the dried fresh fruit extracts were highly active on T. rubrum.
Effect of Foliar Application of Nano-Urea on Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Yield and Quality of Sunflower
Authors: Vyankatrao Kale Swati , Baburao Adsul Prabhakar , Amrut Ramteke Rohit , Jaipal Kokode Pallavi , Ashroba Ighare Omkesh
Published: March 2024

The present field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2022-23 with a view to study the “Effect of foliar application of Nano-urea on growth,yield of sunflower. (Helianthus annuus L.)” The experiment was conducted in randomized block design and the treatment was ten with three replications. Results revealed that treatment T10- 100 % (RDN)+3 foliar sprays of Nano-urea 0.4 % at 30,45 and 60 DAS. recorded the highest seed and straw yield, growth parameters Which was significantly superior over all the treatments but was at par with treatmentT9-100% (RDN) + 2 foliar sprays of 0.4% Nano-urea at 45 and 60 DAS. Treatment T8- 100% RDN+1 foliar spray of 0.4 % Nano-urea at 30DAS and treatment T7-75 % RDN+ 3 foliar sprays of 0.4 % Nano-urea at 30, 45 and 60 DAS.
Effect of Nutrient Combination on Growth and Yield Attributes of Barley in Late Sowing Condition
Authors: Arela Sumit Kumar , Khan Waseem Akram , Dhaked Gautam Singh
Published: March 2024

A field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University Gangrar, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) during Rabi season of 2022-23 to Effect of nutrient combination on growth and yield attributes of barley in late sowing condition. Barley variety „ RD-2035‟ was used in this study. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications consisting of ten treatments combinations i.e. T1-Control, T2-100% RDF, T3-75% RDF + 2t FYM + 10 kg Zn, T4- 50% RDF + 4t FYM + 20 kg Zn, T5-75% RDF + 1.5t Vermicompost, T6-50% RDF + 3t
Vermicompost, T7-75% RDF + 1t Poultry manure, T8-50% RDF + 2t Poultry manure, T9-75% RDF + 1.5t Compost and T10-50% RDF + 3t Compost. The increased growth parameter such as as plant height (cm), total number of tillers, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation with the application of 75% RDF + 1t Poultry manure. The application of 75% RDF + 1t Poultry manure increased all the yield parameters as compared to control.