bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Various Scheduling and Load Balancing Algorithms in
Integrated Cloud-Fog Environment
Authors: Jyotsna  , Nand Parma
Published: August 2022

Background:

It is required to design a suitable scheduling algorithm that enhances the timely execution of goals such as load distribution, cost monitoring, and minimal time lag to react, increased security awareness, optimized energy usage, dependability, and so on. In order to attain these criteria, a variety of scheduling strategies based on hybrid, heuristic, and meta-heuristic techniques are under consideration.

Objective:

IoT devices and a variety of network resources make up the integrated cloud-fog environment. Every fog node has devices that release or request resources. A good scheduling algorithm is required in order to maintain the requests for resources made by various IoT devices.

Method:

This research focuses on analysis of numerous scheduling challenges and techniques employed in a cloud-fog context. This work evaluates and analyses the most important fog computing scheduling algorithms.

Results:

The survey of simulation tools used by the researchers is done. From the compared results, the highest percentage in the literature has 60% of scheduling algorithm which is related to task scheduling and 37% of the researchers have used iFogSim simulation tool for the implementation of the proposed algorithm defined in their research paper.

Conclusion::

The findings in the paper provide a roadmap of the proposed efficient scheduling algorithms and can help researches to develop and choose algorithms close to their case studies.
Soil Bacteria- Our Allies in Building Soil Health
Authors: S. Nair Sneha , Susan Philip Prabha , Karthika K.S.
Published: August 2022

Microorganisms give life to the soil and provide a variety of ecosystem
services to plants. Soil bacteria are the strongest candidates for determining soil health.
Bacterial communities are important for the health and productivity of soil ecosystems.
Therefore, we must have a thorough knowledge of the diversity, habitat, and ecosystem
functioning of bacteria. In this chapter, we will discuss the functional, metabolic, and
phylogenetic diversity of soil bacteria and highlight the role of bacteria in the cycling
of major biological elements (C, N, P, and S), detoxification of common soil pollutants,
disease suppression, and soil aggregation. This chapter also underlines the use of soil
bacteria as indicators of soil health. We have concluded the chapter by taking note of
the present agricultural practices that call for concern regarding the natural soil
microflora and steps to return biological activity to the soil.
Climate Change and its Influence on Soil Microbial Community
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , K. Sinha Nishant , Mohanty M. , Rani Alka , Chaudhary R.S. , Pandey Avinash
Published: August 2022

The effects of climate change on crop yields vary greatly from region to
region across the globe. The projected climate change will also adversely affect soil
quality by changing its physiochemical and biological properties. The soil's biological
properties and processes are primarily mediated by microbial diversity and their
distribution. The presence of soil microbes facilitates the production of greenhouse
gases (GHGs). The microorganism also responded to global warming and climate
change by either producing greenhouse gases or utilizing them in the environment. Soil
microorganisms can recycle and transform the essential elements such as carbon and
nitrogen that make up cells. Even small changes in the soil moisture content result in a
change in the microbial habitat, particularly the fungal communities. However, the
bacterial communities remain intact. The increase in the concentration of greenhouse
gases like carbon dioxide not only increases methane production from the soil but also
reduces the uptake of methane by up to 30% in the soil microbial population. The
microbial communities of the tree leaves act on plant residue during this process. The
increase in temperature is likely to accelerate the rate of decomposition that emits
carbon dioxide from the soil. However, higher temperatures also elevate soil nitrogen
levels, which suppresses the rates of fungal decomposition. This affects microbial
communities. At the same time, trees and shrubs that advance towards the north in the
tundra under the influence of temperature alteration can also influence microbes in
unknown ways through the shadows they cast on the ground.
Degradation of Hazardous Organic and Inorganic Waste by Microorganisms
Authors: Kumar Gupta Arbind , Kumar Deo , Ahamad Atik
Published: August 2022

With the increasing population of the world and the daily life demands
supplied through industries and modern industrialized agricultural systems, the need for
the preservation of ecosystems is increasing day by day. Many industrial processes
result in large amounts of organic waste as well as inorganic contaminants that
deteriorate food and water quality. Immediate measures to avoid the negative impact on
the environment are necessary. The generation of large quantities of hazardous
materials in the form of heavy metals, radioactive substances, phenolic compounds,
and volatile organic chemicals has resulted in the requirement for new and
environmentally safe methods for their elimination. In situ degradation of hazardous
organic materials by microbes is often the most cost-effective clean-up approach.
Biological treatment of these hazardous wastes is potentially effective, practical, and
economical. Bioremediation is measured as one of the safer, cleaner, cost-effective, and
eco-friendly technologies for decontaminating sites. It uses numerous agents such as
bacteria, yeast, fungi, algae, and higher plants as its main tools in treating oil spills,
pesticides, radionuclides, polluted groundwater, and heavy metals existing in the
environment. Currently, different methods and strategies are being applied in different
parts of the world. Phytoextraction, biostimulation, fungal bioremediation, and
rhizofiltration are some of the more common ones. Because of specific applications, all
bioremediation techniques have their advantages and disadvantages.
Soil Microbe-Mediated Bioremediation: Mechanisms and Applications in Soil Science
Authors: Naorem Anandkumar , Kumar Udayana Shiva , Maverick Jaison , Patel Sachin
Published: August 2022

Bioremediation is a prominent and novel technology among
decontamination studies because of its economic practicability, enhanced proficiency,
and environmental friendliness. The continuously deteriorating environment due to
pollutants was taken care of by the use of various sustainable microbial processes. It is
a process that uses microorganisms like bacteria and fungi, green plants, or their
enzymes to restore the natural environment altered by contaminants to its native
condition. Contaminant compounds are altered by microorganisms through reactions
that come off as a part of their metabolic processes. Bioremediation technologies can
be generally classified as in situ or ex situ. In situ bioremediation involves treating the
pollutants at the site, while ex situ bioremediation involves the elimination of the
pollutants to be treated elsewhere. This chapter deals with several aspects, such as the
detailed description of bioremediation, factors of bioremediation, the role of
microorganisms in bioremediation, different microbial processes and mechanisms
involved in the remediation of contaminants by microorganisms, and types of
bioremediation technologies such as bioventing, land farming, bioreactors, composting,
bioaugmentation, biofiltration, and bio-stimulation.
Role of Soil Microbes in Sustainable Development: Nutrient Transformation, Bioremediation, and Biodeterioration
Authors: Singh Anurag , Kapoor Shreya , Bhatia Priya , Gupta Sanjay , Chandra Nidhi S. , Gupta Vandana
Published: August 2022

Pedogenesis, or the formation of soil, takes decades along with a
combination of parent geological material, natural biota, distinct climate, and
topography. Soil, which hosts rich functional biodiversity ranging from microbes to
higher plants, provides nutrients, anchorage for roots, holds water, and buffers against
pollutants. After going through this chapter, readers will be able to appreciate how
nature takes care of the nutritional requirements of its dwellers, how these nutrients, in
turn, get transformed following the life-death cycle, and the infallible role that soil
microbes play in this process. We aim to describe how the enormous but bio unavailable nutrient sources, both in the atmosphere (nitrogen) and the earth’s crust
(phosphorus, iron, etc.), are made accessible to plants in a multi-step mechanism.
Curiosity and concern among mankind have provoked a wide range of scientific
developments. Nevertheless, exploitative anthropogenic activities have degraded this
vital life-supporting component. All kinds of pollutants and unsustainable agricultural
practices over time have deposited harmful and toxic chemicals in the soil, the negative
effects of which are being deliberated lately. Soil microbes hold promise in remediating
these xenobiotic compounds and providing economically feasible and ecologically safe
solutions. In the final section, we provide a brief overview of the ability of microbes to
utilize a range of substrates that can prove detrimental to both modern infrastructure
and archaeological artifacts.
Siembra directa de árboles nativos para la restauración de la selva estacionalmente seca
Authors: Martínez Garza Cristina , Campos-Alves Julio , Valenzuela-Galván David , Alba-García Leslie , Nicolás-Medina Alondra
Published: August 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La selva estacionalmente seca requiere de acciones de restauración dadas sus altas tasas de deforestación. Para su restauración se ha sugerido el uso de la siembra directa, que se refiere a la colocación de semillas directamente en el suelo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el éxito de la siembra directa de semillas de árboles de nueve especies nativas.Métodos: La emergencia se evaluó durante 30 días y la sobrevivencia después de un año para cuatro especies sucesionales tempranas y cinco tardías sembradas en hábitats con distinta cobertura de hierbas y árboles en dos áreas bajo restauración en Morelos y Puebla, México. Resultados clave: Las especies más exitosas por su emergencia y sobrevivencia de plántulas fueron las sucesionales tempranas: Spondias purpurea (16.79%) en El Limón y Senegalia macilenta (20.38%) en Teotlalco; el resto de las especies presentaron porcentajes de éxito de <10%. En ambas localidades, el estatus sucesional de las especies no explicó el porcentaje de emergencia. La cobertura de hierbas y árboles favoreció la emergencia de las especies tardías, mientras que las tempranas no respondieron a la cobertura; lo opuesto se observó con la sobrevivencia de las plántulas: las tardías no respondieron a los cambios en la cobertura vegetal.Conclusiones: La mayor mortalidad de plántulas se registró en los sitios sin intervención de restauración, debido en parte a la falta de cobertura vegetal. Dado que el éxito de las especies por estatus sucesional y entre coberturas fue altamente variable, se recomienda: 1) usar distintas combinaciones de semillas de especies tempranas y tardías para la siembra directa bajo coberturas contrastantes, 2) establecer una cobertura con árboles de rápido crecimiento bajo la cual se siembren las semillas de especies que se benefician de la sombra y, 3) favorecer la sucesión natural para aumentar el éxito de la siembra directa.
Las micorrizas como una herramienta para la restauración ecológica
Authors: Carrillo-Saucedo Silvia Margarita , Puente-Rivera Jonathan , Montes-Recinas Saraí , Cruz-Ortega Rocío
Published: August 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las micorrizas son asociaciones simbióticas entre los hongos micorrízicos y las raíces de las plantas. La planta intercambia fotosintetatos por nutrientes, que el hongo obtiene del suelo, como nitrógeno y fósforo. Las plantas micorrizadas son mas resistentes a la infección por patógenos, toleran mejor el estrés, y además promueven la conservación del suelo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar aspectos generales del manejo de la simbiosis micorrízica de especies nativas de México, con el fin de usarlas como una herramienta potencial para la recuperación de suelos.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de 140 artículos publicados entre los años 1984 y 2019. Se seleccionaron trabajos realizados en México con especies nativas y con información sobre los diferentes métodos de inoculación, y aquellos con conceptos ecológicos importantes. Las bases de datos bibliográficos consultadas fueron Scopus, Web of Science, Crop Protection Compendium Database, Forest Science Database, PubMed y SciELO. Para la búsqueda se utilizaron las siguientes palabras clave: “mycorrhizae”, “endo and ectomycorrhizae”, “ectomycorrhizae and Pinus”, “ectomycorrhizae and Quercus”, “mycorrhizae inoculation”, “ectomycorrhiza and ecological restoration” y “ectomycorrhiza and Mexico”. También se revisaron protocolos de investigación, tesis o patentes relacionadas.
Resultados clave: Los resultados del análisis de la literatura revisada se estructuraron y se discutieron en seis apartados, incluyendo características generales de la asociación micorrizica, métodos generales de inoculación, complejidad simbiótica, impactos de la micorrización en la restauración de bosques templados, aspectos importantes para el establecimiento de la simbiosis, ejemplos de la utilización de hongos ectomicorrizicos y micorrizas arbusculares en bosques templados.
Conclusiones: La presente revisión subraya la importancia de ahondar en el conocimiento y el potencial que tienen las asociaciones micorrízicas para ser utilizadas en programas de rehabilitación, y/o recuperación ecológica de zonas templadas afectadas o deforestadas.
Pilot Influenza Syndromic Surveillance System Based on Absenteeism and Temperature in China: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Yang Zhen , Jiang Chenghua
Published: August 2022

Background

Shortcomings of the current school-based infectious disease syndromic surveillance system (SSS) in China include relying on school physicians to collect data manually and ignoring the health information of students in attendance.

Objective

This study aimed to design and implement an influenza SSS based on the absenteeism (collected by face recognition) and temperature of attending students (measured by thermal imaging).

Methods

An SSS was implemented by extending the functionality of an existing application. The system was implemented in 2 primary schools and 1 junior high school in the Yangtze River Delta, with a total of 3535 students. The examination period was from March 1, 2021, to January 14, 2022, with 174 effective days. The daily and weekly absenteeism and fever rates reported by the system (DAR1 and DFR; WAR1 and WFR) were calculated. The daily and weekly absenteeism rates reported by school physicians (DAR2 and WAR2) and the weekly positive rate of influenza virus (WPRIV, released by the Chinese National Influenza Center) were used as standards to evaluate the quality of the data reported by the system.

Results

Absenteeism reported by school physicians (completeness 86.7%) was 36.5% of that reported by this system (completeness 100%), and a significant positive correlation between them was detected (r=0.372, P=.002). When the influenza activity level was moderate, DAR1s were significantly positively correlated among schools (rab=0.508, P=.004; rbc=0.427, P=.02; rac=0.447, P=.01). During the influenza breakout, the gap of DAR1s widened. WAR1 peaked 2 weeks earlier in schools A and B than in school C. Variables significantly positively correlated with the WPRIV were the WAR1 and WAR2 of school A, WAR1 of school C, and WFR of school B. The correlation between the WAR1 and WPRIV was greater than that between the WAR2 and WPRIV in school A. Addition of the WFR to the WAR1 of school B increased the correlation between the WAR1 and WPRIV.

Conclusions

Data demonstrated that absenteeism calculation based on face recognition was reliable, but the accuracy of the temperature recorded by the infrared thermometer should be enhanced. Compared with similar SSSs, this system has superior simplicity, cost-effectiveness, data quality, sensitivity, and timeliness.
The Role of Information Boxes in Search Engine Results for Symptom Searches: Analysis of Archival Data
Authors: Abroms Lorien C , Yom-Tov Elad
Published: August 2022

Background

Search engines provide health information boxes as part of search results to address information gaps and misinformation for commonly searched symptoms. Few prior studies have sought to understand how individuals who are seeking information about health symptoms navigate different types of page elements on search engine results pages, including health information boxes.

Objective

Using real-world search engine data, this study sought to investigate how users searching for common health-related symptoms with Bing interacted with health information boxes (info boxes) and other page elements.

Methods

A sample of searches (N=28,552 unique searches) was compiled for the 17 most common medical symptoms queried on Microsoft Bing by users in the United States between September and November 2019. The association between the page elements that users saw, their characteristics, and the time spent on elements or clicks was investigated using linear and logistic regression.

Results

The number of searches ranged by symptom type from 55 searches for cramps to 7459 searches for anxiety. Users searching for common health-related symptoms saw pages with standard web results (n=24,034, 84%), itemized web results (n=23,354, 82%), ads (n=13,171, 46%), and info boxes (n=18,215, 64%). Users spent on average 22 (SD 26) seconds on the search engine results page. Users who saw all page elements spent 25% (7.1 s) of their time on the info box, 23% (6.1 s) on standard web results, 20% (5.7 s) on ads, and 10% (10 s) on itemized web results, with significantly more time on the info box compared to other elements and the least amount of time on itemized web results. Info box characteristics such as reading ease and appearance of related conditions were associated with longer time on the info box. Although none of the info box characteristics were associated with clicks on standard web results, info box characteristics such as reading ease and related searches were negatively correlated with clicks on ads.

Conclusions

Info boxes were attended most by users compared with other page elements, and their characteristics may influence future web searching. Future studies are needed that further explore the utility of info boxes and their influence on real-world health-seeking behaviors.
Professionalization of Educational Leadership for the Members of the Association of African Universities
Authors: Ebot Ashu Frederick , Auguste T. Ngantchop Michel , Lavngwa Moses S.
Published: August 2022

This study sets out to theorize and conceptualize internal stakeholders’ provision of Educational Leadership for the Members of the Association of African Universities (AAU). It reviews research materials, policies and modalities in developing educational leadership, African Philosophies of Education (APE) and interviews of university academic staff and students in measuring the success of professionalization of educational leadership. The purposive sampling technique of data collection is used to ensure representativeness and qualitative methodology, including the use of document-based content analysis in order to generate valid, reliable and rich data based on interviews with academic staff, administrators and students. The findings of this study will contribute to the deeper understanding of internal stakeholders’ provision of a decolonized Educational Leadership Curriculum (DELC) objective at Postgraduate Diploma, Master’s and Doctorate programmes in Educational Leadership is therefore proposed for African universities. This will enable education leader, schools and School system leaders to play a critical role in having a clear vision, the ability to communicate the vision to team members, the ability to organize in an effective and efficient manner, inspiring subordinates towards the fulfillment of the organization’s goals, and balancing the conflict of interest of all subordinates and stakeholders. The proposed leadership learning programs focus on the actual improvement of schools and the educational systems to achieve equity, diversity, social inclusion, peace, economic growth and prosperity. These leadership programmes will address the challenges of developing human capital and well-being, promoting employment and economic integration, governance, strategic management and democracy in the different African union countries.
A Finite Difference Scheme for the Modeling of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Nguyen Hoc-Tran , Nguyen Tuan-Anh , Ho Van Thi Thanh
Published: August 2022

A one dimensional (1-D), isothermal model for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is introduced and solved numerically by a simple finite difference scheme. By using numerical calculation, the model model can be extended to more complicated situation which can not be solved analytically. The model considers the kinetics of the multi-step methanol oxidation reaction at the anode. Diffusion and crossover of methanol are taken into account and the reduced potential of the cell due to the crossover is then estimated. The calculated results are compared to the experimental data from literature. This finite difference scheme can be rapidly solved with high accuracy and it is suitable for the extension of the model to more detail or to higher dimension.
Development of Power Back-Up System using Motor Control for Large Equipment
Authors: Pozo Jr. Federico E. del , O. Bawagan Apollo Victor , J. Ceruma Divine Rhea
Published: August 2022

Uninterruptible power supply became a vital technology in the modern era. Through the advancement of technology, the development of this kind of technology seems to be more advanced in terms of size, efficiency, and the delivery of purpose and functionality. However, the compatibility of the device to a certain load remains to be the problem. With this, the researchers developed a power back-up system that can deliver the same purpose for any load including large and critical equipment. This technology was able to vary the storage system capacity, which also integrated the use of other energy sources such as new and renewable. The technology used motor control devices for the same purpose. To validate the effectiveness of the technology, the researchers used factorial design and comparative study to match with the performance of a commercially available uninterruptible power supply. In terms of performance with the commercially available uninterruptible power supply, the comparative study showed that there is no significant difference and thus the power back-up system is as efficient and equally reliable as the commercially available devices. Therefore, the power back-up system is highly adaptable, can substitute commercially available uninterruptible power supply, and can be an effective back-up system for large and critical equipment.
Association between Environmental Factors and Incidence of Diarrhea Among Toddlers in the Working Area of Ambal I Health Center, Kebumen, Center of Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hasanah Nadhirotun , Setiani Onny , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani
Published: August 2022

About 1.7 billion children suffer from diarrhea and diarrhea causes 525,000 toddlers died each year. In 2021 diarrhea in toddlers as much as 34.2% of 357 cases of diarrhea, and in the work area of Ambal 1health center for the last 3 years cases of diarrhea in toddlers have not shown a decrease The purpose of this study was to determine the association between environmental factors and the incidence of diarrhea in toddler in the working area of Ambal I Health Center in 2022. This type of research was analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were toddlers aged 12-59 months who lived in the working area of Ambal I Health Center, Ambal District, Kebumen Regency in 2022. The number of samples taken was 67 samples using the proportional random sampling method. The association test was carried out using the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that there were no significant association between clean water sources (p=0.220), faecal disposal facilities (p=0.717), waste water disposal facilities (p=0.103), waste disposal facilities (p=0.683) and the type of floor of the house (p=0.610) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddler. Environmental factors are not related to the incidence of toddler diarrhea in the working area of Ambal I Health Center, Kebumen ,Center of Java, Indonesia in 2022.
Social Impact Analysis on Road Construction Project in Papua New Guinea: A case of Highlands Highway
Authors: Ha Nguyen Thu
Published: August 2022

Social Impact Analysis is one of the most essential parts of project implementation. Disagreements and change in time, design, and budget of project implementation at the time of construction in Papua New Guinea were mostly occur due to the influence from the past and delay of compensations in the project. This research was carried out in the Highlands Highway of Papua New Guinea to classify and to assess the impact of social and cultural factors on the implementation of road project. In this study local people were participated through in-depth interview. In addition, archival review from the road authority documentation was carried out to support the findings. The analysis result show that history of land acquisition, historical claim for un-purchased land, natural disasters, maintenances, road diversions, encroachment on the road corridor, and land disputes are the main factors influence to the project implementation. To mitigate the delay of project implementation, the sponsors should assist center Government as well as local Government to develop an action plan for dealing with the problems existed at sites.
Ductile Cast Iron 350/4 using SMAW
Authors: Adwe Vaibhav Ramesh , Humane Rashtrapal Chandrabhan , Badge Gaurao Dalit , Sonkusare Raj Umaji , Ganvir Ashish Yograj , Sayyed Prof. Amir
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This article examines the weldability of ductile cast iron when the root weld is applied with a tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process employing an Inconel 625 source rod, and when thefiller welds are applied with electrodes coated with 97.6% Ni. The welds were performed on ductile cast iron specimen test plates sized 300 mm × 90 mm × 10 mm with edges tapered at angles of 60◦ . The plates were subjected to two heat treatments. This article analyzes the influence on weldabilityof the various types of electrodes and the effect of preheat treatments. Finally, a microstructure analysis is made of the material next to the weld in the metal-weld interface and in the weld itself. The microstructure produced is correlated with the strength of the welds. We treat an alloy with 97.6% Ni, which prevents the formation of carbides. With a heat treatment at 900 ◦C and 97.6% Ni,there is a dissolution of all carbides, forming nodules in ferritic matrix graphite.
Machine Learning Approaches, Technologies, Recent Applications, Advantages and Challenges on Manufacturing and Industry 4.0 applications
Authors: Mohammed Muzakkiruddin Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Abstract: This research is based at creatively employing machine learning to generate new ways, evaluate approaches, and communicate outcomes for difficulties encountered in the manufacturing business. Because manufacturers aim to increase profits with the least amount of capital expenditure, a model has been developed in which machine learning is integrated into manufacturing. It is critical to use all available means in order to meet the demand for high-quality products in an effective manner. Machine learning is one topic that has seen rapid advancement in terms of not just promising outcomes but also applicability. Machine learning is being widely explored by both academics and professionals as a potential solution to many of manufacturing's old and new obstacles. Unfortunately, the field is highly diverse and even perplexing, posing a difficulty and a barrier to widespread implementation. The linear regression algorithm was used to predict the outcome for the provided input, and gradient descent was used to optimise the output. It can assist the firm maximise output and profit by anticipating the outcome so that the company can take the necessary action or foresee the problem ahead of time. This study helps to structure this relatively intricate field by providing an overview of existing machine learning approaches. A particular emphasis is placed on the prospective benefit, as well as instances of successful implementations in a manufacturing context.
Assess the Execution Engineer’s Safety Culture at Workplaces
Authors: Rai Hemant
Published: August 2022

bstract: In many nations, the construction sector plays an integral role in social and economic development. Construction site safety is a key concern in both industrialised and developing countries. The Indian construction sector suffers from inadequate safety and health conditions due to a lack of safety regulations and a lack of awareness of workplace hazards. The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety culture among site engineers in the construction industry. This goal will be accomplished by achieving the following objectives. To begin, list the components and variables that affect safety culture. Second, assess the safety culture of the site's engineer in the construction industry and finally, build a framework to improve the safety culture in the construction industry. To achieve these goals, the research was grouped into three categories: literature review, questionnaire survey, and final verification of results. Data was gathered via a standardised questionnaire that was distributed to 50 site engineers. During the procedure, all completed questionnaires got a 100% response rate. Management commitment, safety priority, safety rules, physical work environment, and personal appreciation risk are among the five components of safety culture that site engineers have a favourable perception of. Furthermore, the finding showed that if top management wants to strengthen and maintain a safety culture, they must make it a top priority, as well as analyse accident causes, inspect safety preparations, and teach personnel at the start of a new project. The focus of the research is to suggest to individuals and other stakeholders in the construction sector in order to improve the safety culture of site engineers
Smart Electric Tractor
Authors: Rachcha Anish , Mishra Arya , Shinde Kanchan
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Due to the environmental threats associated with the combustion of fossil fuels, the hike in fuel prices and everyone is looking for an alternate energy sources to propel the vehicle. One such solution is the adoption of electric vehicles, which accounts for high degree of sustainability as compared to the conventional fuel vehicles. This work presents the working prototype of a Smart Electric Tractor. Description of the subsystems which includes the steering system, braking system, electric powertrain, and the chassis frame will be delineated precisely. Major focus will be to infuse IOT in dynamics and its automation. Design calculations will be carried out to obtain an optimized powertrain.
Predicting Elections with Big Data
Authors: Pandey Supragya , Katiyar Dr. Devesh , Goel Gaurav
Published: August 2022

Abstract: A rapidly growing sector of the Indian political landscape is data consulting services for political campaigns. The US Presidential election served as a major catalyst for the emergence of data-driven political campaigns, as Barack Obama's campaign managers utilised big data to their advantage. Since then, larger data banks have been developed by election campaigns in numerous countries, including India. The BJP relied heavily on big data and the campaign managers to create its political plans for the 2014 general election. The BJP's resounding victory in this election has created enormous new opportunities for political marketing in India. Big Data analytics approaches aid campaign managers in analysing larger databases and developing the most effective voting-winning strategy. Because of this country's large and highly diversified population, the methods of such microtargeting political campaigns were unthinkable and alien to the largest democracy in the world. This essay is a modest attempt to comprehend the importance of big data analytics in contemporary Indian election campaigns.
PEMANFAATAN FILTRASI MULTIMEDIA DALAM MENGOLAH AIR PAYAU DI DESA GOSONG TELAGA BARAT KABUPATEN ACEH SINGKIL
Authors: Mulya Ivana Shelvya , Abdul Wahid Mulyadi
Published: August 2022

Water is a basic human need. The use of water is very complex, among others, for drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, agriculture, fisheries, and so on. Coastal areas are often faced with the problem of limited water resources. In terms of quantity, coastal areas generally have abundant water, but it is often difficult to obtain water for various uses, due to inadequate quality. Limited water resources in coastal areas are related to the scarcity of fresh water that can be used as clean water. This study aims to desalinate brackish water into fresh water that can be used as clean water for sanitation hygiene needs. The process of desalinating brackish water into clean water uses the multimedia filtration method. Filtration is a process of separating solids from fluids (liquids or gases) that carry them using a porous medium or other porous material to remove as much of the suspended and colloidal fine solids as possible. The filtration media used in this study were activated carbon, silica sand, zeolite and gravel. These media are effective in reducing salinity and turbidity in brackish water.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN PROGRAM IPAL (INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH) KOMUNAL DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Rohendi Aulia , Dhuha Syamsud , Syarmila Sugesti Cut , Aristia Anas Adian , Darnas Yeggi
Published: August 2022

One solution for domestic waste treatment is the operation of a communal IPAL (WWTP, Wastewater Treatment Plant). This is in accordance with SDG's (Sustainable Development Goals), national and regional policies related to sustainable sanitation management. In Banda Aceh, the Sanimas (Community sanitation) program has been and is being implemented in 40 gampongs (villages) which are classified as slum areas. This study aims to determine the results of the effluent processing of the IPAL system (pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, Total Coliform, Oil/Fat parameters) to see whether the IPAL system that has been built is operating properly. There were five IPALs studied, namely in Gampong Peunayong (Dusun Cendrawasih), Gampong Tibang (Dusun Tgk. Meurah, Dusun Tgk Meulinje, Dusun Tengku Meulagu), and Gampong Panteriek (Dusun Jeumpa). The results of the effluent wastewater test showed that in all WWTPs, the BOD and COD parameters still exceeded the wastewater quality standards, and in one WWTP, the total Coliform parameter was >1,000/100 ml (quality standard >3,000/100 ml).
EVALUASI KUALITAS AIR PADA SISTEM PENGELOLAAN AIR BERSIH BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN BUKIT KAB. BENER MERIAH
Authors: Lismawati
Published: August 2022

The unavailability of drinking water supply system, made the community set up a community-based clean water management system independently. The purpose of the study is the to determine the existing conditions in two community-based clean water supply systems at the Bukit District and to determine water quality in terms Regulation of the Minister of Health of Rebublic of Indonesia  No 32 of 2017. The method used in this study are field including collecting water sample which will be analyzed in Laboratorium of UPTD Center For Health Laboratorium and Healty Equipment Testing, besides interviews with the authority. The research location is the villages of Bale Atu and Hakim Tunggul Naru. The parameters tested are physical (odor, taste, temperature, turbidity, dissolved solid), chemical (pH, iron, fluoride, cadmium, hardness, chloride, manganese, zinc, cyanide, lead and organic matter) and biological cell (Total Coliform and Escherichia coli), which are taken from eigth sampling point. The results physical and chemical parameters are in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of Rebublic of Indonesia. Biological parameters in the intake point of Bale Atu village were not found to contain Total Coliform and Escherichia coli, while at the intake point of Hakim Tunggul Naru there were Escherichia coli bacteria. To improve the community-based clean water supply system at Bukit District, a treatment disinfection treatment using chlor 36 kg/day is recommended.
EVALUASI KUALITAS OLAHAN IPAL (INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH) KOMUNAL DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Rohendi Aulia , Dhuha Syamsud , Sugesti Cut Syarmila , Anas Adian Aristia , Darnas Yeggi
Published: August 2022

One solution for domestic waste treatment is the operation of a communal IPAL (WWTP, Wastewater Treatment Plant). This is in accordance with SDG's (Sustainable Development Goals), national and regional policies related to sustainable sanitation management. In Banda Aceh, the Sanimas (Community sanitation) program has been and is being implemented in 40 gampongs (villages) which are classified as slum areas. This study aims to determine the results of the effluent processing of the IPAL system (pH, BOD, COD, TSS, ammonia, Total Coliform, Oil/Fat parameters) to see whether the IPAL system that has been built is operating properly. There were five IPALs studied, namely in Gampong Peunayong (Dusun Cendrawasih), Gampong Tibang (Dusun Tgk. Meurah, Dusun Tgk Meulinje, Dusun Tengku Meulagu), and Gampong Panteriek (Dusun Jeumpa). The results of the effluent wastewater test showed that in all WWTPs, the BOD and COD parameters still exceeded the wastewater quality standards, and in one WWTP, the total Coliform parameter was >1,000/100 ml (quality standard >3,000/100 ml).
UJI EFEKTIVITAS KOTORAN SAPI DALAM REMEDIASI TANAH TOP SOIL YANG TERCEMAR OLI
Authors: Marlina Tuti
Published: August 2022

Oil waste that enters the soil will cause damage to the soil. Bioremediation is an alternative to hazardous waste treatment which is relatively more economical, easy and environmentally friendly. This technology utilizes microbial activity to treat polluted soil. Cow dung is an organic material that contains many microbes and also contains good nutrition for microbial growth. Cow dung contains several microorganisms such as bacteria (Bacillus sp, Lactobacillus sp and Corynebacterium sp), fungi (Trichoderma sp and Aspergillus sp), protozoan and yeast species (Candida sp and Saccharomyces sp). Cow dung in this study acts as a bioactivator and a source of nutrients for microbes in degrading Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in oil-contaminated soil. This study aims to determine the effect of adding cow dung on bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil. This study consisted of six (6) treatments, namely the concentration of cow dung with variations in concentrations of 0 gr, 20 gr, 40 gr, 60 gr, 80 gr, and 100 gr on each soil of 300 gr and processing time for 30 days and analyzed 2 times a day. In this study, measurements of pH and TPH values ​​were carried out. The results of the analysis showed that the addition of cow dung with a concentration of 100 gr on 300 gr of soil was able to reduce the TPH value from 3.6% to 0.2%, with the effectiveness of reducing TPH by 86.66% within 30 days. Based on the results of the analysis using the Simple Linear Regression Test, it was stated that the bioremediation time and the addition of the concentration of cow dung had an effect on the decrease in the TPH value.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PENCUCIAN KENDARAAN DENGAN SISTEM FILTRASI MENGGUNAKAN FILTER MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Selfia Meri , Aida Nur , Rahman Arief
Published: August 2022

The increase in vehicle washing services has a major impact on the environment, human health and ecosystems in water bodies. One method of treating vehicle washing liquid waste using a filtration system has been proven to be effective and capable of breaking down pollutants contained in wastewater. However, filtration using activated carbon, silica sand, zeolite and gravel media with different variations and doses of media thickness to reduce levels in the parameters pH, TSS, COD and Phosphate has not been studied. This study was conducted to determine the effect of variations and doses of filter media and their effectiveness in reducing the levels of TSS, COD, pH and Phosphate in vehicle washing waste, with variations in the thickness of activated carbon media 10, 20, 25 cm and silica sand, zeolite, gravel 15 , 20 cm. The results showed that activated carbon, silica sand, zeolite and gravel media were able to reduce TSS, COD, pH and phosphate levels. The decrease in levels is highest in the 6th variation. The percentage of TSS is 97.13%, COD is 93.93%, Phosphate is 74% and a decrease in pH 7. From the data presented, it can be seen that all variations are able to reduce levels of pollutant parameters. in vehicle washing waste.
PENGGUNAAN PEMBATAS ALIRAN (KATUP) JENIS SWING CHECK PADA KERAN AIR UNTUK EFISIENSI AIR WUDU
Authors: Rohendi Aulia , Muhammad Ashari Teuku , Daudsyah Muhammad
Published: August 2022

In Islam, the most frequent need for water is when performing ablution activities. Prophet Muhammad SAW used only 1 mudd of water (about two-thirds of a liter) or about 0.67 liters for ablution. This study aims to determine the efficiency of using a Swing Check type of flow limiter on a water faucet related to ablution activities. The results showed that the flow limiter (valve) of the Swing Check type was able to efficiently use water in an average of 43%. With the Swing Check valve wudu volume per individual is 17.68 l/person before the flow limiter is used this valve and 10.09 liters/person. With this research, it is hoped that in the future we can update technology that can save water, not only in saving water but also in maintaining the existence of water, especially the involvement of water conservation also plays an important role in water conservation.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR RUMAH MAKAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MULTI SOIL LAYERING (MSL)
Authors: Nabila Fathiya , Aida Nur , Rohendi Aulia
Published: August 2022

Waste is waste that comes from the process of making or using an industrial or domestic product. The waste generated is in the form of liquid and solid. Waste is also an unused waste material that has a negative impact on society if it is not managed properly. Liquid waste or waste is water that cannot be used anymore and can have a negative impact on humans and the environment. Multi Soil Layering (MSL) system is a liquid waste treatment method that utilizes the ability of the soil as the main medium in removing pollutants in liquid waste. The purpose of this study was to determine how to treat restaurant liquid waste using the Multi Soil Layering (MSL) method for the parameters of pH, BOD, COD, and TSS. Based on research, the Multi Soil Layering (MSL) reactor is effective in improving pH values ​​and reducing COD and TSS so that restaurant wastewater does not pollute the environment and can prevent negative impacts caused by restaurant liquid waste.
Ab Initio and DFT Investigation of Effect of Substituent at the C7 Position of 4 Amino Sialidase Inhibitor
Authors: Chandrasekaran Krishnan
Published: August 2022

Sialic acid is the active site of neuraminidase protein, eventually it cleaves form its substrate via sialsyl cation intermediate and proliferates the viral infection to other cells. On account of weak binding affinity between substrate and receptor, the viral infection communicates to other cells and leads to mortality of humans. DANA is the first sialidase inhibitor formed by the dehydration of the C2 hydroxyl group of sialic acid. The replacement of hydroxyl group at C4 position of DANA by an amino group drastically increases the binding affinity and results 4-amino-DANA inhibitor, which is potent than parent DANA. Crystal structure of DANA shows that several binding sites remain free and it should be explored for more powerful sialidase inhibitors. The current study systematically investigates the effect of substituent on the C7 position of 4-amino-DANA in gas phase and solvent phase as well. X-Ray crystallographic study reveals that the C7 of glycerol side chain remains free. Hence, substituent effect at C7 analysis is carried in search of potent sialidase inhibitors. The ab initio and DFT investigation reveals that guanidino and methyl group at C7 position drastically increases the binding affinity between substrate and receptor. Hence further investigation of methyl and guanidine derivatives of the 4-amino-DANA could act as a promising candidate for the design and development of sialidase inhibitors. Vaccination for the H1N1 is not effective due to the new viral mutagenic strains and hence, it cannot contain the viral infection.Therefore antiviral drugs will address the limitation of vaccination. The current finding of sialidase antiviral inhibitors will effectively contain the viral infection and prevent the morbidity
Overview on Green Titanium Nanoparticles Based on Plants: Synthesis, Potential Applications and Eco-Friendly Approach.
Authors: Dan Sneha Olive , Khan S. H.
Published: August 2022

Nanotechnology is generating a lot of buzz across the world, because of its fascinating applications in various disciplines. Due to recent breakthroughs in the nanotechnology sector, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have found a number of uses in a variety of industrial, medicinal, and environmental fields. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been widely utilized in everyday life and maybe manufactured using a variety of physical, chemical, and green approaches. Green synthesis is a non-toxic, cost-effective, and environmentally responsible way to make NPs. The green, chemical, physical, and biological production of TiO2 NPs has received a lot of attention, and these NPs may be analysed using high-tech tools. The current study contains extensive information on the comparative synthesis of TiO2 NPs with various properties and their wide range of applications. Because of the decreased usage of precursors, time-effectiveness, and energy efficiency during green synthesis processes, green approaches have been proved to be more efficient than chemical synthesis methods for TiO2 NPs production. The relevance of green manufacturing of TiO2 nanoparticles using plant extract is discussed in this review study. Recent breakthroughs in the manufacture of TiO2 nanoparticles, from plants have shown promise in various scientific and technological domains. The physical features, crystal properties, antibacterial, anticancer, and photo catalytic activity of TiO2 are summarised in this review. The many components of the green synthesis strategy for TiO2 NPs and medicinal applications were discussed. Nanoparticle stability and toxicity, as well as surface engineering strategies for ensuring biocompatibility, are also reviewed. Furthermore, the obstacles and concerns surrounding using green product TiO2 NPs in water and wastewater treatment were explored. Hence, this review article condenses TiO2 NPs physicochemical properties, green synthesis, toxic exposure, biodistribution, and applications.