bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visible time window calculation based on map segmentation for task planning
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhao Han , Yang Haiyue , Song Xiangshuai
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The visible time window (VTW) calculation of satellites to ground targets is significant for Earth observation satellites' operation management and control. With the improvement of satellite maneuvering capability and the complexity of on-orbit observation tasks, the traditional VTW calculation methods can no longer meet the demands of satellite operation management and control due to a large amount of calculation and low efficiency. The purpose of this study is to propose a fast VTW calculation method based on map segmentation named map segmentation method (MSM), to improve the calculation efficiency, and further solve this problem.

Design/methodology/approach

The main feature of the MSM method is to segment the map and subsatellite trajectories and traverse the subsatellite points within a specific range around the target, significantly reducing the search space and the amount of computation and improving computational efficiency.

Findings

Numerical simulations for two satellite orbits are implemented to verify the feasibility of the proposed VTW calculation method, and the traditional traversal method (TM) is also performed for comparative analysis. The results show that the proposed method can obtain the same VTW, using less calculation time than the TM. The computational efficiency is significantly improved, especially for many tasks. The calculation time of observing 500 targets is saved by more than 70%, indicating a broad application prospect.

Originality/value

This paper proposes an original VTW calculation method based on map segmentation to improve the calculation efficiency. The simulation scenarios are designed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method, and the observation targets are randomly distributed on the map. For comparative analysis, the TM is also performed under the same simulation conditions.
Exploring the effect of perceived fun at work on hospitality employees’ behaviors in and out of work
Authors: Abdelmotaleb Moustafa
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to draw on positive psychology literature and the affective spillover theory to gain a comprehensive understanding of the effects of perceived workplace fun (WF) on hospitality employees’ behaviors in and out of work.

Design/methodology/approach

Multirater data were collected via surveys from 247 hospitality employees and their direct supervisors and spouses. Data were analyzed using the AMOS and Macro processes in SPSS.

Findings

The results revealed that employees’ positive affect at work mediates the relationship between perceived WF and both employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) and family-related social behaviors (i.e. engagement in social activities outside work with their spouses). Personal attitudes toward fun at work moderate the indirect association between perceived WF and the study outcomes (OCBs and family-related social behaviors).

Social implications

By fostering a workplace environment that prioritizes the perception of enjoyment, organizations can effectively stimulate greater employee engagement in OCBs and promote positive social interactions beyond the workplace. It underscores the significance of an enjoyable environment that benefits employees, organizations and society.

Originality/value

This study extends the existing research on the relationship between WF and employees’ behaviors in and out of work and provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms that influence this relationship.
Game theory in entrepreneurship: a review of the literature
Authors: AlOmari Abdallah M.H.
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the utilization of game theory in the entrepreneurship literature. Game theory can potentially be employed to assess strategies incentivizing productive entrepreneurial activities and subsequent economic development. Therefore, the author reviews entrepreneurship articles and explores the application of game-theoretic models and concepts in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the author provides an overview of the entrepreneurship ecosystem concept, highlighting key challenges in its study. The author also briefly highlights successful applications of game theory in the innovation literature. Second, the author systematically reviews and synthesizes entrepreneurship research employing game-theoretic models and concepts. The author's objective is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the use of game theory in entrepreneurship.

Findings

Broadly, the author categorizes entrepreneurship-game theory articles into three groups based on their scope and purpose: entrepreneurial policy applications, inter-firm applications and entrepreneurship theory applications. Entrepreneurial policy applications include entrepreneurs and the government or policy as the main players in a game. Inter-firm applications encompass games between entrepreneurs and other private entities. Entrepreneurship theory applications include articles that utilize game theory to advance the author's understanding of entrepreneurial behavior and/or mechanisms in the market.

Originality/value

To the best of the author's knowledge, no previous paper has reviewed the use of game-theoretic approaches and models in entrepreneurship literature. This study addresses this research gap.
Developing green knowledge toward supplier selection: a green intellectual capital perspective
Authors: Ograh Tonny , Ayarkwa Joshua , Acheampong Alex , Osei-Asibey Dickson
Published: September 2023

Purpose

There is sufficient literature on green knowledge regarding supplier selections. Notwithstanding, there are hardly any empirical studies that analyze green knowledge toward supplier selection through the lenses of green intellectual capital (GIC). This paper aims to analyze green knowledge development toward supplier selection through the lenses of GIC.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses an exploratory case study approach involving seven public universities in Ghana. A purposive sampling technique was used in selecting respondents who were interviewed through face-to-face and focus group discussions with a semistructured interview guide. Atlas ti software was used to generate themes for discussion.

Findings

The findings of this study attribute the nonapplication of green criteria to supplier selection to low knowledge among practitioners. Training, collaboration, opportunities for further studies and affiliation with professional bodies were identified as means to enhance green knowledge. Green human capital factors that support knowledge enhancement include commitment, capability, skills and ease of understanding.

Practical implications

Green procurement practitioners in public universities in developing countries stand little chance of integrating green criteria into supplier selection if they do not develop their level of knowledge.

Social implications

Selecting green suppliers is a complex issue for public organizations, particularly universities. This study would therefore help equip managers of public universities and procurement practitioners with the relevant GIC knowledge for the successful integration of green credentials into supplier selection.

Originality/value

This paper highlights the importance of knowledge in green supplier selection. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, analyzing the role of GIC in knowledge development is considered the first of this kind of study.
A search of investors' trading practices in the Bangladesh capital market
Authors: Ghosh Sutap Kumar
Published: September 2023

Purpose

This research mainly intends to ascertain the stimulus of investor investment tendencies on the amount of capital investment in the share market.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing a sample of 477 individual investors who actively trade on the Bangladesh capital market, this empirical study was conducted. The objective of this examination is to ascertain the investment trading behavior of retail investors in the Bangladesh capital market using multiple regression, hypothesis testing and correlation analysis.

Findings

The coefficients of market categories, preferred share price ranges and investment source reveal negative predictor correlations; all predictors are statistically significant, with the exception of investment source. Positive predictive correlations exist between investor category, financial literacy degree, investment duration, emotional tolerance level, risk consideration, investment monitoring activities, internal sentiment and correct investment selection. Except for risk consideration and investment monitoring activities, all components have statistically significant predictions. The quantity of capital invested in the stock market is heavily influenced by the investment duration, preferred share price ranges, investor type, emotional toleration level and decision-making accuracy level.

Research limitations/implications

This investigation was conducted exclusively with Bangladeshi individual stockholders. Therefore, the existing study can be extended to institutional investors and conceivably to other divisions. It is possible to conduct this similar study internationally. And the query can enlarge with more sample size and use a more sophisticated econometric model. Despite that the outcomes of this study help the regulatory authorities to arrange more informative seminars and consciousness programs.

Practical implications

The conclusions have practical implications since they empower investors to modify their portfolios based on elements including share price ranges, investment horizons and emotional stability. To improve chances of success and reach financial objectives, they stress the significance of bettering financial understanding, active monitoring and risk analysis. Results can also be enhanced by distributing ownership over a number of market sectors and price points. The results highlight the value of patience and giving potential returns enough time.

Originality/value

This study on the trading behavior of investors in Bangladesh is unique and based on field study, and the findings of this study will deliver information to the stakeholders of the capital market regarding the investors’ trading behavior belonging to different categories, financial literacy level, investment duration, emotional tolerance level and internal feeling.
Selective dissemination of information (SDI) in the age of artificial intelligence (AI)
Authors: Soleymani Hooman , Saeidnia Hamid Reza , Ausloos Marcel , Hassanzadeh Mohammad
Published: September 2023

Purpose

In this study, the authors seek to introduce ways that show that in the age of artificial intelligence (AI), selective dissemination of information (SDI) performance can be greatly enhanced by leveraging AI technologies and algorithms.

Design/methodology/approach

AI holds significant potential for the SDI. In the age of AI, SDI can be greatly enhanced by leveraging AI technologies and algorithms. The authors discuss SDI technique used to filter and distribute relevant information to stakeholders based on the pertinent modern literature.

Findings

The following conceptual indicators of AI can be utilized for obtaining a better performance measure of SDI: intelligent recommendation systems, natural language processing, automated content classification, contextual understanding, intelligent alert systems, real-time information updates, intelligent alert systems, real-time information updates, adaptive learning, content summarization and synthesis.

Originality/value

The authors propose the general framework in which AI can greatly enhance the performance of SDI but also emphasize that there are challenges to consider. These include ensuring data privacy, avoiding algorithmic biases, ensuring transparency and accountability of AI systems and addressing concerns related to information overload.
Potential distribution of the critically endangered dragonfly Libellula angelina (Odonata: Libellulidae) under shared socio‐economic pathways
Authors: Hong Jinsol , Kwon Soon Jik , Lee Chang‐Su , Choi Jong‐Yun , Cho Kijong , Kim Hong Geun
Published: September 2023

Libellula angelina is an endangered dragonfly species that is native to East Asia. Recently, their population has become severely reduced through habitat loss. To protect L. angelina populations, we need to understand which factors determine their distribution and how their potential habitats will change in the future. In this study, the habitat preference of L. angelina was identified through field surveys, and the potential distribution of L. angelina and the impact of integrated climate–land cover changes were simulated using the MaxEnt model. Furthermore, the wetland loss scenario was applied to areas where the current trend in wetland loss will continue in the future. The field survey identified that L. angelina prefers small inland wetlands: permanent freshwater, ponds; permanent rivers, ponds; irrigated land; and estuarine waters. From the MaxEnt results, altitude was the variable with the greatest contribution and distance from wetlands was the most unique variable. MaxEnt described the geographic pattern of occurrences under the current climate well, with few areas requiring any further survey. In the future projection, the potential habitat area was increased by up to 48.8% and 30.6% in the 2050s and 2080s, respectively. However, potential habitat loss was expected if wetlands continue to decline as they have done in the last 20 years. The wetland loss scenario resulted in potential habitat losses of 1.9%–2.3% and 4.5%–6.1% in the 2050s and 2080s, respectively. Therefore, to protect L. angelina populations we must minimize the loss of current populations, secure wetlands and strengthen the connectivity between wetlands.
Critical stage and key natural mortality factors of Hypothenemus hampei in commercial coffee plantations
Authors: Chediak Mateus , Silva Gerson Adriano , das Graças do Carmo Daiane , de Freitas Damaris Rosa , Bacci Leandro , Lima Eraldo , Samuels Richard Ian , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho
Published: September 2023

The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is one of the most important coffee pests, and is present in almost all countries producing this crop, causing annual losses of US$350 million. Natural factors regulate H. hampei populations in coffee crops. Ecological life table analysis is a robust tool that allows the estimation of the mortality caused by these factors. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the critical stage and the key mortality factors affecting H. hampei in the field. Data for constructing life tables were collected over 2 years in six coffee plantations in the regions of Paula Cândido and Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The average mortality of H. hampei was 75.34% ± 5.85%. The mortality at each developmental stage was 24.32% ± 2.83% (eggs), 7.29% ± 1.01% (first instar), 11.58% ± 1.46% (second instar), 9.68% ± 1.10% (third instar), 7.45% ± 1.01% (pupa), and 15.02% ± 1.29% (adult; n = 124). The mortality factors observed and quantified in this study were parasitism by Prorops nasuta (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), predation by ants (Crematogaster spp., Pheidole spp. and Solenopsis spp.), physiological disorders and fungal infection by Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The critical mortality stage of H. hampei was the adult stage. The key factors for mortality of H. hampei adults were predatory ants, followed by B. bassiana and malformations (these insects had deformities in the head, wings, legs, or abdomen). This information is essential to conserve the activities of natural enemies and, thus maintain H. hampei natural mortality factors in coffee plantations, reducing damage to the crops and the need for excessive insecticide interventions.
Senescent cells at the crossroads of aging, disease, and tissue homeostasis
Authors: Kuehnemann Chisaka , Wiley Christopher D.
Published: September 2023

Originally identified as an outcome of continuous culture of primary cells, cellular senescence has moved beyond the culture dish and is now a bona fide driver of aging and disease in animal models, and growing links to human disease. This cellular stress response consists of a stable proliferative arrest coupled to multiple phenotypic changes. Perhaps the most important of these is the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype, or senescence‐associated secretory phenotype —a complex and variable collection of secreted molecules release by senescent cells with a number of potent biological activities. Senescent cells appear in multiple age‐associated conditions in humans and mice, and interventions that eliminate these cells can prevent or even reverse multiple diseases in mouse models. Here, we review salient aspects of senescent cells in the context of human disease and homeostasis. Senescent cells increase in abundance during several diseases that associated with premature aging. Conversely, senescent cells have a key role in beneficial processes such as development and wound healing, and thus can help maintain tissue homeostasis. Finally, we speculate on mechanisms by which deleterious aspects of senescent cells might be targeted while retaining homeostatic aspects in order to improve age‐related outcomes.
Racial Frontiers: Hemispheric Logics of Haitians’ Displacement and Asylum in the Americas
Authors: Balaguera Martha , Schwartzman Luisa Farah , van Isschot Luis
Published: September 2023

While international asylum law includes race as the first protected category—followed by religion, nationality, particular group membership, and political opinion—Haitians’ ongoing racialised persecution and denial of refuge across the Americas reveals the failures of this framework. Drawing on academic literature, documentary evidence, and primary sources, we analyse the racial and neocolonial logics constituting Haitians’ experiences at home and as migrants through the Americas. Focusing on Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico as nodes of migration trajectories, we argue that Haitians confront a “hemispheric frontier regime”. Unlike a single border that impedes passage, this multilayered frontier regime constantly uproots Haitians, even while states evade their responsibilities vis‐à‐vis asylum seekers. Over time, mutually reinforcing frontier logics of policing, dispossession, extraction, and empire at various scales—urban, domestic, transnational—structure Haitians’ and other migrants’ racialised exclusion from rights regimes across geographies from Haiti to South, Central, and North America.
Non‐native mammals are weak candidates to substitute ecological function of native avian seed dispersers in an island ecosystem
Authors: Gawel Ann Marie , Fricke Evan , Colton Andrea , Rogers Haldre S.
Published: September 2023

Although prominent examples exist of non‐native species causing substantial ecological harm, many have neutral or positive effects, including filling surrogate roles once performed by extinct native organisms. We tested the ecological roles of two non‐native mammals as seed dispersers or seed predators in Guåhan, which, due to invasive brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis), is devoid of native seed dispersers–birds and bats. We conducted feeding trials with captive rats (Rattus spp.), which are present but uncommon due to predation by snakes, and pigs (Sus scrofa), which are abundant. We examined if and how they interacted with common forest fruits. We then compared how any gut‐passed or animal‐handled seeds germinated compared to seeds left in whole fruit or depulped seeds. Rats and pigs interacted with most of the fruits and seeds (>80%) that they were fed. Of those, most seeds were destroyed—78% for rats and 90% for pigs, across both native and non‐native plant species. Compared to seeds germinating within whole fruits, rats improved germination of the seeds that they handled without ingesting, while pigs diminished the germination of seeds that they handled. The small percentage of seeds (approximately 1.5% for rats and 5% for pigs) that survived gut passage germinated in higher proportions than those in whole fruits. Percentages of seed survival to germination are lower than found in similar studies with native avian frugivores. Our results indicate that pigs and rats have mixed effects on seeds, but are not suitable surrogates for native seed dispersers.
Peripheral blood inflammatory biomarkers dynamics reflect treatment response and predict prognosis in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with neoadjuvant immunotherapy
Authors: Huai Qilin , Luo Chenyu , Song Peng , Bie Fenglong , Bai Guangyu , Li Yuan , Liu Yang , Chen Xiaowei , Zhou Bolun , Sun Xujie , Guo Wei , Gao Shugeng
Published: September 2023

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has significantly changed the therapeutic approach for treating patients with surgically resectable non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, peripheral blood inflammation‐based biomarkers as well as previously less focused eosinophil fraction, modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were systematically included to comprehensively analyze their potential in predicting neoadjuvant immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis. We enrolled 189 patients (94 in training and 95 in validation cohorts) with stage I–III B surgically resectable NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy from the National Cancer Center of China. Baseline and post‐treatment eosinophils fraction, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), PNI, mGPS, and their changes were calculated and analyzed for correlation with neoadjuvant immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis. In patients in the major pathological response (MPR) group, the post‐treatment eosinophil fraction was significantly high, and NLR, PLR, SII, and MLR were significantly lower compared to the non‐MPR group in both the training and validation cohorts. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that post‐treatment, eosinophil fraction and SII and their changing were two of the most important factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that post‐treatment eosinophil fraction, SII, mGPS, and ΔSII could independently predict MPR in patients treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy. Survival analysis showed a significant correlation between high post‐treatment NLR, PLR, SII, mGPS, and their changes in ΔNLR and ΔSII elevation with poor overall survival and event‐free survival of patients. Our results suggest that inflammatory biomarkers could predict the patient's response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy and prognosis.
Design and synthesis of novel 1,2,3,4‐tetrazines as new anti‐leukemia cancer agents
Authors: Eyilcim Oznur , Gunay Fulya , Gunkara Omer Tahir , Ng Yuk Yin , Ulucan Ozlem , Erden Ihsan
Published: September 2023

A series of novel 1,2,3,4‐tetrazines were designed and synthesized. 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, 13C NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS were used to determine the structures of this novel compounds. Computational approaches suggested that DHFR is a putative target for the newly synthesized 11 compounds. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations followed by molecular docking simulations were employed to evaluate DHFR as a potential target protein. The anticancer activities of the compounds were evaluated against five different types of leukemia cell lines (Jurkat, Nalm‐6, Reh, K562, and Molt‐4) and one non‐leukemic cell line (Hek293T) by MTT test in vitro and imatinib was used as a control drug. Among these compounds, 3a exhibited the best activity against all the leukemic cell lines, except Reh cell line. For Nalm‐6, K562, Jurkat, and Molt‐4 cell lines, IC50 values were found to be 15.98, 19.12, 23.15, and 25.80 μM, respectively. Our work focuses on the synthesis of original and novel 1,2,3,4‐tetrazine derivatives while contributing to the ongoing effort to discover more potent new antileukemia agents.
Baicalein, a component of banxia xiexin decoction, alleviates CPT‐11‐induced gastrointestinal dysfunction by inhibiting ALOX15‐mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Pei Jingbo , Zou Yuanyuan , Zhou Wenying , Wang Yakun
Published: September 2023

Baicalein, one of the active ingredients of banxia xiexin decoction, has good therapeutic efficacy in treating diarrhea and improving gastrointestinal dysfunction. The role and mechanism of Baicalein on irinotecan (CPT‐11)‐induced gastrointestinal dysfunction are the focus of this study. Concretely, CPT‐11 induced delayed diarrhea rat model and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)‐6 cell injury model with Baicalein treatment as needed. Colonic pathological changes were analyzed by hematoxylin–eosin staining, and inflammatory factor expressions in serum were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to quantify ferroptosis‐related protein expressions. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) kits and colorimetric assay kit were applied to detect lipid peroxidation levels and Fe2+ content, respectively. In vitro experiments also included quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, cell counting kit‐8, and C11 BODIPY staining. CPT‐11 induced aggravation of intestinal tissue damage, inflammatory factor release, Fe2+ accumulation, upregulation of lipid peroxidation and 15‐Lipoxygenase (ALOX15) expression, and downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and SLC7A11 in vivo in rats; however, Baicalein dose‐dependently reversed the effects of CPT‐11. Baicalein elevated cell viability, reduced lipid peroxidation and Fe2+ accumulation, and elevated Gpx4 and SLC7A11 levels, whereas ALOX15 overexpression reversed the effects of Baicalein on a CPT‐11‐induced IEC‐6 cell injury model. In conclusion, Baicalein plays a mitigating role in CPT‐11‐induced delayed diarrhea via ALOX15‐mediated ferroptosis.
The risk of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder among children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tang Jiapeng , Ou Jun , Chen Yige , Li Liuxuan , Liu Hanjun , Sun Mengting , Luo Manjun , Zhong Taowei , Wang Tingting , Wei Jianhui , Chen Qian , Qin Jiabi
Published: September 2023

Background

Although current treatments are effective in dealing with congenital heart disease (CHD), non‐cardiac comorbidities such as attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have received widespread attention. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to assess the risk of ADHD associated with CHD.

Methods

The literature search was carried out systematically through eight different databases by the end of September 2022. Either a fixed‐ or a random‐effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed by the Cochran Q test and the I2 statistic. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were used to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity.

Results

Eleven studies were included in this study, which involved a total of 296 741 participants. Our study showed that the children with CHD were at a significantly increased risk of ADHD compared with the reference group (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.18–4.08). The results were moderately heterogeneous. These factors including study design, geographic region and study quality were identified as the first three of the most relevant heterogeneity moderators by subgroup analyses. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. There was no evidence of publication bias.

Conclusions

The present study suggests that CHD children have a significantly higher risk of ADHD when compared with those without CHD. Early identification and intervention of ADHD is important to reduce its symptoms and adverse effects; therefore, clinicians should increase screening for ADHD in children with CHD and intervene promptly to reduce its effects whenever possible.
Capital flow management and monetary policy to control credit growth
Authors: Zehri Chokri , Madjd‐Sadjadi Zagros
Published: September 2023

This paper examines whether capital flow management and monetary policies effectively reduce credit growth in emerging market economies in the presence of both conventional and unconventional monetary policy actions undertaken by advanced economies. We apply a dynamic panel model with fixed effects to a sample of 21 emerging market economies from 2000 to 2020 using quarterly data and more continuous variables than in other studies rather than limiting the variability using proxies. We find that capital controls and macroprudential regulation, as tools of capital flow management policy, moderate credit growth. This effect is particularly shown in countries with tighter monetary conditions. Our main findings highlight the useful role of coordinating capital flow management and monetary policies. This role stands for both fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes. Lastly, we find capital flow management and monetary policies manage to control credit in normal periods, but their coordination is less effective during crises and high volatility periods. Robustness checks suggest that these findings are stable across alternative proxies used in the literature, thus providing additional support for the validity of our results.
Effect of intra‐alveolar delivery of Frondoside A on inflammatory response of delayed tooth replantation
Authors: Herr Lar , Ye Ju Ri , Kang Sang Wook , Ro Sang Tae , Chae Yong Kwon , Lee Ko Eun , Kim Mi Sun , Jih Myeong Kwan , Lee Chunui , Choi Sung Chul , Nam Ok Hyung
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim

Frondoside A is a sea cucumber extract which is well known for its anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Frondoside A application in the alveolar socket on inflammatory responses after delayed replantation in rat teeth.

Materials and Methods

Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and exposed to Frondoside A. Cell‐counting kit‐8 assay was performed to evaluate the cell viability and nitric oxide assay was performed to assess the anti‐inflammatory effect of Frondoside A. Molars were extracted from 32 Sprague–Dawley rats and randomly divided into control and Frondoside A groups. After 30 min of extra‐oral dry time, molars were replanted. In the Frondoside A group, Frondoside A solution was applied in the alveolar socket before replantation. The animals were sacrificed after 28 days and histologically and immunohistochemically evaluated.

Results

0.5 μM Frondoside A showed higher cellular viability at 6 h and lower production of nitric oxide compared with other Frondoside A solutions (p < .05). The Frondoside A group demonstrated lower inflammatory resorption scores in both middle 1/3 and apical 1/3 of root compared to the control group (p < .05). The Frondoside A group showed lower levels of expression in both cathepsin K and CD45 compared with the control group (p < .05).

Conclusions

Within the limits of this study, intra‐alveolar delivery of Frondoside A alleviates inflammatory root resorption in delayed replantation of rat teeth.
How does the dominant stakeholder strategically manage an innovative public policy? Evidence from the London congestion charge
Authors: Chen Jason C. , Roberts Robin W.
Published: September 2023

Prior studies have examined various economic, environmental, and social impacts of the London congestion charge (LCC). However, few studies have investigatedhowthe Transport for London (TfL) managed the LCC in all stages of its policy. Without active, strategic management of policies, stakeholders affected may doubt the policies’ legitimacy and reduce policy effectiveness. Thus, examining the means utilized to achieve effective policy management is critical and can potentially influence the development and management of future policies. This study adapts Mitchell et al.’s stakeholder typology to studyhowthe TfL, as part of the management of, and as the dominant stakeholder in, environmental regulations in London, strategically managed the LCC via their own efforts to exert power, establish legitimacy, and claim urgency. Relying on Yin, we analyze publicly available data to show how the TfL actively managed the LCC to ensure its sustainability as policy. The TfL primarily used tactics to maintain and enhance the LCC's legitimacy with authoritative power and fears of unproven urgency to influence other stakeholders. Results have practical implications for policymakers contemplating policy reforms and shed additional light on less‐discussed latent factors regarding policy management. This study contributes to the literature by applying stakeholder theory to the domain of policy reform, administration, and management. Our findings have policy implications as policymakers may benefit from learning the tactics examined in this study to assess their policy management and administration. Lastly, through our discussion and conclusions, we reflect on our findings to encourage research on policy management.
Training parenting plan evaluators: Looking towards the future
Authors: Kaufman Robert L. , Deutsch Robin M. , Harris‐Britt April
Published: September 2023

Standards of practice for parenting plan evaluations continue to evolve, informed by advances in research and the development of innovative, evidence‐based approaches to assessment and intervention. Parenting plan evaluators are asked to inform the court, parents, and other professionals on how to address the complex needs of increasingly diverse families amid reorganization, high conflict, and crisis. How can we attract and properly train new mental health professionals to do important work in an increasingly strained adversarial system? How can evaluators keep up with these advances over the course of their careers? How can they deepen and refine their skills to work with a diverse array of individuals, family constellations and an enormous range of family circumstances? And how can evaluators care for their own well‐being and their colleagues? In this article, the authors describe a multi‐dimensional approach to training both new and experienced custody evaluators that includes imparting baseline knowledge on how to conduct quality parenting plan evaluations as a starting point. We discuss a variety of modalities and approaches that can enable evaluators to deepen and expand their skills over the years, contribute to the diverse community of family law professionals, and manage the exceptional demands of working in this field.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of full versus selective root canal retreatment
Authors: Brochado Martins João Filipe , Hagay Shemesh , Herbst Sascha Rudolf , Falk Schwendicke
Published: September 2023

Aim

Selective root‐canal retreatment has been proposed as an alternative to full retreatment in multirooted, root‐canal‐filled teeth with evidence of apical pathology, where only the affected root(s) is retreated. Whilst this option may save costs initially, failures and retreatments may compensate for these initial savings. We assessed the cost‐effectiveness of full versus selective root‐canal retreatment using data from a recent clinical pilot study, employing a modelling approach.

Methodology

A Markov model was constructed to follow up a previously root‐canal treated maxillary molar with apical pathology on a single root (mesio‐buccal), receiving either selective or full root‐canal retreatment. A private‐payer perspective in Dutch health care was adopted. Permanent molar teeth with apical lesions on the mesial root were simulated over the lifetime of initially 50‐year‐old patients. Teeth could have endodontic complications and require interventions such as retreatment or tooth extraction and replacement. Costs were calculated based on the Dutch dental fee catalogues. Monte‐Carlo microsimulations were performed to assess lifetime costs and effectiveness (measured as tooth retention time), and the resulting cost‐effectiveness. Probabilistic joint uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were performed, and cost‐effectiveness at different willingness‐to‐pay‐thresholds was evaluated.

Results

In the base‐case scenario, selective retreatment was less costly (2137; 2.5%–97.5% percentiles: 1944–2340 Euro) and more effective (19.6; 18.3–20.8 Years) than full retreatment (2495; 2305–2671 Euro; 16.5; 15.2–17.9 Years) in 100% of the simulations and regardless of the willingness‐to‐pay threshold. Only in a worst case scenario was selective retreatment more costly, but remained more effective.

Conclusions

Selective retreatment, when clinically applicable, is likely to be more cost‐effective than full retreatment in endodontically treated molars with persistent apical periodontitis. Our results should be interpreted with caution because the quality of the underlying data is limited.
Valorisation of asparagus pruning waste as a new ingredient to improve pasta quality properties
Authors: Sousa da Silva Dario , Saraiva Bianka Rocha , Lazzari Anderson , Cestario Andresa Carolina de Oliveira , de Oliveira Mariana Carla , Bruschi Marcos Luciano , Rosa Cassia Inês Lourenzi Franco , Matumoto Pintro Paula Toshimi
Published: September 2023

Asparagus pruning leaves are waste that can be reused to enrich foods due to their functional and nutritional properties. This study aimed to evaluate the asparagus pruning waste flour (AF) reuse as a partial replacement for wheat flour in pasta production subjected to different drying temperatures. AF addition up to 10% (w/w) to pasta increased its bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, but these decreased at high drying temperatures. Pasta with AF and dried at high temperatures reduced optimal cooking time (by up to 53%), water absorption (by up to 43%) and cooking loss (by up to 72%). In the texture, high drying temperature increased its breaking and cutting strength of pasta, while AF enrichment decreased these properties. The results showed that AF can be used as a partial replacement for wheat flour in pasta, adding quality and functionality, showing its potential as a sustainable ingredient for food enrichment.
Performance evaluation the new automated Atellica Hema 580 hematology analyzer
Authors: Schapkaitz E. , Baiden A. , Raburabu S.
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The Atellica Hema (Siemens Healthineers, Tarrytown, NY, USA) is a new generation multi‐parameter analyzer for full blood count, 6‐part differential and reticulocyte testing by impedance variation and fluorescence flow cytometry. In this study, we verified the whole blood and limited body fluid modes of the Atellica Hema 580.

Methods

We evaluated precision, linearity, carry‐over, throughput and performed a method comparison to assess the performance of the Atellica Hema 580. For comparison of the Atellica Hema 580 with the Sysmex XN‐1000 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan), 140 samples from adult and pediatric patients including both normal and abnormal hematology profiles were analyzed in parallel.

Results

The Atellica Hema 580 demonstrated acceptable imprecision within the manufacturer's specifications for whole blood and body fluid modes, good linearity for high and low ranges and no significant carryover. The full blood count, differential and reticulocyte correlated well with the Sysmex XN‐1000, except for mean cell hemoglobin concentration, basophil and large immature cells. The optical platelet count, reflexed in 34 samples with a platelet count <150 × 109/l, showed a strong correlation with the fluorescent platelet count on the Sysmex XN‐1000. The morphology flagging efficiency was 92% for white blood cells, 95% for red blood cells and 87% for platelets.

Conclusion

The Atellica Hema 580 showed good analytical performance and workflow efficiency for a wide range of patient samples.
Romania's agricultural workers. Return mobilities and modes of food production
Authors: Anghel Remus Gabriel , Vesalon Lucian , Toma Stefánia
Published: September 2023

This article examines the dynamics of Romanian seasonal migration and its effects on farming and rural areas. We connect labour migration to changes in modes of food production in Western and Eastern Europe. Based on the fieldwork in seven Romanian localities with 40 semi‐structured interviews, we interrogate how seasonal work is shaped by regimes of mobility and economic and social inequalities. Studying the case of Romania's large rural population raises critical questions regarding migration, development and change in rural areas. Answering such questions requires disentangling different categories of seasonal migrants and their return prospects. Looking at how agricultural labour is structured, we examine labour experiences and analyse how migrants' agency operates in precarious contexts. Observing the consequences of seasonal migration and return, we discovered diverging processes of agricultural diversification through entrepreneurialism and a radical change in peasant farming resulting in an increased concentration of farmland.
The role of professional identity and job satisfaction in paediatric nurses' intention to remain employed amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Salaten Eman Fawzy Mohammed Mohammed , Zakaria Abeer Mohammed , Ibrahim Ibrahim Abdullatif
Published: September 2023

The COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly affected nursing, as nurses are crucial in providing healthcare services. Understanding the factors influencing nurse retention is essential for maintaining a strong and long‐lasting workforce because nurse retention is becoming increasingly complex. This study aimed to investigate the influence of professional identity and job satisfaction on the intention to remain employed while also evaluating the levels of professional identity, job satisfaction, and intention to stay among paediatric nurses amidst the COVID‐19 pandemic. This correlational and descriptive study included a stratified sample of 257 paediatric nurses and was guided by the STROBE checklist. Data were collected through valid and reliable questionnaires, which included a nurses' professional identity scale, job satisfaction survey, intention to stay scale, and a demographic questionnaire. Data collection was conducted from January to April 2022. The study was approved by the ethical research committee at the Nursing Faculty – Mansoura University, ensuring adherence to the Helsinki Declaration. The paediatric nurses reported elevated professional identity, moderate job satisfaction, and moderate intention to stay employed with mean scores of 80.35 ± 13.22, 113.70 ± 19.58, and 8.40 ± 3.55, respectively. Multiple regression explained 13.0% of the variation in paediatric nurses' intention to remain employed (F = 18.50, p < 0.001). Professional identity positively correlated with the intention to stay (β = 2.69, p = 0.008). Job satisfaction also had a positive relationship with the intention to stay (β = 3.49, p < 0.001). Healthcare managers should focus on professional identity strategies such as supportive work environments, growth opportunities, and valuing paediatric nurses' contributions. Implementing interventions such as fair compensation, support, and rewards can enhance paediatric nurses' retention and quality of patient care.
Analysis of risk factors of infection in diabetic foot patients
Authors: Hsu Limei , Li Le , Poon Lee Yam
Published: September 2023

This cross‐sectional study assessed the risk factors for infection in 150 diabetic foot patients admitted to the Xiamen University Hospital between October 2020 and October 2022. Patients were categorised as infected (n = 80) or uninfected (n = 70) cohorts. The diabetic foot was evaluated using the American Diabetic Foot Grading system, whereas ulcers were categorised using Wagner's method. Analysed were patient‐specific information, clinical data and risk factors including neuropathy, arterial disease and foot deformities. Our findings revealed no statistically significant differences between infected and uninfected cohorts concerning age, body mass index, gender, duration of diabetes or ankle‐brachial index values (p > 0.05). However, infected group had a higher proportion of smokers and reduced socio‐economic status (p < 0.05). Wagner grades indicated a greater severity in the infected group, with grade 3, grade 4 and grade 5 differing significantly (p < 0.05). Comparative analysis of ulcer characteristics revealed no statistically significant differences in ulcer surface area and depth, but the infected group had a higher prevalence of osteomyelitis and a greater number of ulcers (p > 0.05). Blood vessel complications, retinopathy, the presence of three or more ulcers, osteomyelitis and diabetic nephropathy were substantially more prevalent in the infected group, as determined by univariate analysis (p < 0.05). Subsequent multivariate logistic analysis revealed that patients with blood vessel complications, retinopathy, osteomyelitis, diabetic nephropathy and three or more ulcers were at increased risk for infection (p < 0.05). In addition, lifestyle factors, such as smoking, sedentary behaviour, inadequate foot hygiene, obesity and poor glycaemic control, were also associated with higher infection rates. A multivariate analysis of foot wound factors revealed that deeper, longer and recurrent lesions increased the likelihood of infection. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated bacterium from the infected group's bacterial culture, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The study enhanced our comprehension of the multifactorial risk factors associated with infections in diabetic foot patients, highlighting the need for thorough clinical evaluation, lifestyle modification and vigilant infection control.