bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE LICHEN CLADONIA RANGIFERINA HOFF
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , I.A. Krylov , D.V. Nezgovorov , G.V. Korelskaya , R.V. Kubasov
Published: February 2024

Relevance. In pharmacy, the registration of plants containing substances with a therapeutic effect as medicinal is a promising direction. Such plants serve as excellent raw materials for the creation of original medical products. They are, from the point of view of economic and therapeutic effectiveness, sometimes very profitable. Many lichen plants contain substances that have a proven therapeutic effect. Among them, organisms of the genus Cladonia, which synthesize usnic acid, are of particular importance and use. It is considered to be the most promising compound as a potential precursor for the development of new pharmaceuticals. The aim is investigation, approbation and unification of methods for the isolation of biologically active substances from the lichen Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. Materials and methods. The material for the study is raw material of Yagel (Deer Moss)/Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The extractive properties of the most commonly used solvents have been studied, among which the most effective one has been determined. The content of biologically active (extractive) substances was determined by maceration and percolation methods. The results of the study. According to the results of a series of experiments to study extractive capabilities, of all solvents, the maximum extractive ability of extractive substances from Cladonia rangiferina Hoff was noted for 95% ethyl alcohol (7.38%). By maceration, the yield of biologically active substances was 8.35% (confidence interval 8,035 to 8,665 ml/g). The maceration method showed a yield of biologically active substances of 3.81% (confidence interval 8,714-8,906 ml/g). The conclusion was made about these methods can be used to detect biologically active substances obtained from the raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The obtained developments create prerequisites for the development of regulatory documentation on the procedure and position of the relevant standard or a temporary pharmacopoeia article. A detailed study of the pharmacological effect of substances from Cladonia on the body can be attributed to the group of medicinal plants.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CRYOPROTECTORS ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF CINNARIZINE AND POLY-D,L-LACTIDE-CO-GLYCOLIDE MICROPARTICLES.
Authors: M.V. Sorokoumova , D.V. Kompantsev , A.V. Blinov
Published: February 2024

In a traditional drug delivery system, it is difficult to achieve precise control of the drug release rate and the drug release site. Poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide is one of the most frequently studied biodegradable polymeric drug carriers for drug delivery to target organs. Biodegradable polymers must have good biocompatibility. Targeted delivery of drugs obtained using modern technologies can provide a new therapeutic strategy for more localized treatment of diseases, potentially provide systemic delivery of drugs, reduce the dose of the administered drug and its possible side effects on the patient. In the experiment, we obtained microparticles based on cinnarizine with poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide using the co-precipitation method. The physicochemical characteristics of microparticles are of key importance for understanding their properties for further use in pharmaceuticals, since they can have different effects on the target organ due to their unique properties. The study of the dispersed composition of the obtained samples of cinnarizine microparticles based on poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide was carried out using photon correlation spectroscopy on a Photocor-Complex installation (Antek-97, Russia). The size and shape of microparticles explain their ability to penetrate blood vessels, tissues and target cells of target organs. The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of various cryoprotectants on the size and shape of cinnarizine microparticles at different ratios to poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide. Under experimental conditions, a cryoprotector was selected. As a result of the tests, it was determined that the nature of the cryoprotector affects the size and shape of the resulting particles - the optimal ratio of cinnarizine and poly-D,L-lactide-co-glycolide is 1:3, which produces microparticles 104 nm in size, spherical in shape, having a uniform distribution in the sample.
EXPERT EVALUATION OF ANTI-TUMOR DRUGS USED IN THE THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Y.U. Nigmatullina , N.B. Rostova , M.R. Dudarenkova , E.S. Gorbunova
Published: February 2024

Socially significant diseases are the subject of close attention from the state, which takes on an invaluable share of responsibility for maintaining stability in the processes of providing medical care and drug supply. Limited budgetary resources and the high cost of anticancer therapy create unfavorable conditions for organizing the proper level of drug care for patients with cancer, which forces healthcare participants to find ways and tools that would open up opportunities to increase drug availability in compliance with the principles of rational use of financial resources and the involvement of pharmaceutical specialists along with other healthcare participants. Prostate cancer is one of the most difficult to treat and, as a result of its development, leads to disability among the population. Moreover, the etiology of prostate tumors has not been determined to this day, which causes a high level of diagnosis in the final stages with the manifestation of metastases and aggravation of existing concomitant diseases (with an average patient age of 70 years), which makes it difficult to choose therapy aimed more at maintaining quality life rather than a complete cure. In connection with the above, the choice of therapeutically effective and safe drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland is one of the key points in providing adequate therapy and improving the quality of life of patients. This study is devoted to the method of expert assessment of the effectiveness and safety of anticancer drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland as a tool for creating rational lists for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland under conditions of a limited budget. Presents: stages of expert assessment; the structure of the questionnaire used to collect data on the therapeutic efficacy and safety of anticancer drugs; parameters for assessing the competence of oncologists-urologists; parameters for assessing drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland (therapeutic effectiveness, adverse reactions, ease of use, compatibility with other drugs, tolerability of drugs by patients with prostate cancer), as well as the results of expert assessment in the form of lists of effective and safe drugs for each stage prostate cancer, used at the inpatient and outpatient level of medical care, as well as offered in a pharmacy organization.
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE PANCREATITIS
Authors: S.A Pliev , T.S. Khutiev , V.H. Tebieva
Published: February 2024

Summary. The possibility of developing effective measures for the prevention and effective treatment of acute postoperative pancreatitis (APP) makes it possible to prevent the risk of developing this complication. Current research on the prevention and treatment of APP, on the one hand, is quite numerous, on the other hand, scattered, which requires systematization of the available data. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main modern trends in the treatment and prevention of postoperative pancreatitis. Material and methods: analysis of publications on the prevention and treatment of APP, found according to PRISMA recommendations, for 2015-2023. Result of the study: three main strategies in the prevention and treatment of APP were analyzed, based on assessing risk factors for the patient, improving technical methods for performing interventions in the abdominal cavity, as well as pharmacological methods. Conclusion. It is advisable to develop comprehensive measures for the prevention of postoperative pancreatitis should be based on an assessment of the risks of its development associated with the characteristics of the patient, the prophylactic use of various drugs, as well as in relation to improving the technical techniques used in abdominal surgery. Treatment of APP, in turn, should be based on daily dynamic monitoring of the condition of patients after surgical interventions and the use of minimally invasive surgical procedures, if possible, with mandatory antibiotic therapy.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEN FERTILITY WITH DIFFERENT METHODS OF HERNIOPLASTY
Authors: M.M. Magomedov , M.A. Khamidov , D.M. Damadaev
Published: February 2024

Male infertility is a rare, but at the same time underestimated complication of inguinal hernia repair.
Aim. To compare the results of hernia repair in reproductive men using transabdominal pre-peritoneal repair (TAPP) and the Lichtenstein method.
Material and methods. The study involved 56 male patients aged 18 to 45 years who were operated on for a primary inguinal hernia. All patients were divided into two groups. The first group included 29 patients operated on using the Lichtenstein method. The second group included 27 patients operated on using the TAPP technique. Depending on the method of hernia repair, the following were studied: the dynamics of Doppler studies of testicular blood flow, the level of sex hormones in the blood plasma and spermogram before and after surgery.
Results. The average percentage of sperm motility in the first group was 41.51±6.62 (median = 40%), and in the second group – 41.76±1.16 (median = 41%). The mean sperm count and motility were significantly higher in the second group (P < 0.001). The duration of the operation was significantly shorter in the first group, operated on using the Lichtenstein method, than in the second group, operated on using the TAPP technique (45.8 ± 6.28 vs. 68.5 ± 16.31 min; p < 0.001). According to the results of testicular ultrasound, the average volume of the right testicle in the first group was 14.19±3.16 (median = 14 ml), and in the second group – 14.68±3.07 ml (median = 14.8 ml). =12.15 ml), and in the second group – 14.25±3.19 (median = 14.40 ml), which turned out to be significantly lower in the observation group (p = 0.029). There was a significant difference between the two groups for postoperative dysesthesia and chronic pain: 5% in the TAPP group versus 14% in the Lichtenstein group, and 1.5% in the TAPP group versus 6% in the open group for chronic pain.
Conclusion. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of intraoperative complications (p=0.56), short-term postoperative complications (p=0.75), wound infection (p=1.0), and urinary retention (p=0.68). However, treatment with the TAPP technique resulted in earlier hospital discharge, earlier return to normal activities, and optimal cosmetic results.
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND CORONAVIRUS INFECTION: THE INTERSECTION OF TWO PANDEMICS
Authors: N.G. Lozhkina , O.I. Gushchina , Y. E. Voskoboynikov
Published: February 2024

Вackground Acute coronary events (ACEs) in combination with SARS-COV 2 infection have their own distinctive features that determine the dynamics of the disease and differences in therapy. Since at present there are no generally recognized algorithms for the management of such patients, there is a need to search for approaches to determine the risk of adverse outcomes of this disease phenotype.
Aim of the study. To study the peculiarities of clinical course and to build a prognostic model of lethal outcomes risk in patients with ACS combined with SARS-COV 2 infection at the hospital stage
Characteristics of patients and methods of research. The study included 225 patients admitted to a regional vascular center with a diagnosis of ACS who had a verified diagnosis of SARS-Cov 2 infection. Initially, 120 general clinical, biochemical and instrumental parameters were evaluated.
Results and Conclusion. A predictive model was constructed with the identification of eight variables most influencing outcomes: age, the presence of atrial fibrillation (except for the first time detected in ACS), severe and extremely severe course of SARS-COV 2 infection, AKI, CKD, ferritin, albumin and glycemia in blood serum on admission.
Conclusion. The proposed author's approach for assessing the risk of death in acute coronary syndrome in combination with SARS-CoV 2 has good predictive accuracy and is easy to use.
PATIENTS' OPINION ON THE ACCESSIBILITY, QUALITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL CARE
Authors: D.L. Mushnikov , A.V. Oleynik , L.G. Ananyina , T.P. Borisova , Z.Z. Germakhanov , E.V. Drobysheva , S.A. Sakova
Published: February 2024

Relevance. He current healthcare strategy of Russia, among other significant priorities, highlights the achievement of high indicators of accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. One of the tools for assessing the level of achievement of these indicators, including in dynamics, is the study of patients' opinions. Many authors note the importance of taking into account the opinion of patients about the care provided for the development and adoption of management decisions. However, there is a lack of scientific data on patients' opinions on the availability, quality and effectiveness of medical care, taking into account the different profile of services and the type of health care facilities.
Objective. To study the opinion of patients about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. Materials and methods. A multicenter sociological study was carried out in medical organizations of the Ivanovo, Yaroslavl and Moscow regions. The research method is a sociological survey. Respondents were offered the questionnaire "Patients' Opinion on the Availability, Quality and Effectiveness of Medical Care", which included 15 closed-ended questions. A sample population formed by random selection. Statistical processing of the material provided for the formation of a database in spreadsheets, the calculation of relative values and the reliability of their difference according to the student’s criterion. An analytical method was used to compare the data and formulate conclusions.
Results. The sociological survey showed a "depression" of patients' opinions about health care, which is manifested in the high frequency of negative assessments of accessibility (23, 5 per 100 respondents), quality (19,5 per 100 respondents) and effectiveness of medical care (14,5 per 100 respondents) in general. There are differences in the assessment of patients by the profile of services and types of institutions, which makes it necessary to form a set of measures to correct deviations and conduct regular patient surveys on the principle of monitoring in order to assess their effectiveness. The frequency of patients' positive opinions on the availability of medical care was higher in the pediatric profile of services (60,2 per 100 respondents), preventive services (63,8 per 100 respondents), inpatient services (67,0 per 100 respondents), in the Moscow region (49,7 per 100 respondents).
Conclusion. The theoretical significance of the data for assessing patients' opinions about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care is associated with the possibility of identifying and structuring existing problems in health care. This makes it possible to identify problems and contradictions that are clearly invisible and related to the emotional perception of care by patients, as well as to identify opportunities and directions for improving medical care.
EXPERIENCE OF SUCCESSFUL TACTICS IN MANAGING A PATIENT WITH SEROUS OVARIAN CYSTADENOMA AND SEVERE COMBINED EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY
Authors: O.B. Kalinkina , Yu.V. Tezikov , I.S. Lipatov , M.O. Mayorova , G.M. Sreseli
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to study the features of management tactics for a patient with serous ovarian cystadenoma and severe concomitant extragenital pathology. In the studied clinical case, the joint drawing up of a management plan for the patient by a cardiologist, pulmonologist, obstetrician-gynecologist, holding medical consultations, including specialists from leading medical institutions, in accordance with the nosology of the patient’s diseases, carrying out optimal surgical intervention using laparoscopic access, allowed for removal of the formation ovary, its histological examination and to prevent in a patient at risk the progression of the process and the possibility of malignancy of a benign ovarian tumor. This possibility is quite probable with the long-term existence of ovarian tumors. Verification of the histotype of an ovarian tumor is carried out first by morphological examination of the intraoperatively removed specimen, followed by final confirmation of the conclusion. In addition, even in the presence of benign ovarian tumors, complications such as possible infection, torsion or rupture of the capsule of the formation may develop. These complications can arise suddenly and require emergency surgical intervention, which is extremely difficult in a patient with severe combined extragenital pathology. In this case, there may also be no possibility of conducting an intraoperative histological examination of the removed specimen, which will lead to an inadequate amount of surgical intervention. After studying this clinical case, the following conclusions can be drawn. It is necessary to jointly manage patients with combined gynecological and extragenital pathologies to develop a personalized management plan that ensures the required volume of treatment, avoiding possible complications.
CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF PREVENTION OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT OF CHILDREN (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: L.M. Maryanenko , F.S. Ayupova , E.S Ovcharenko , V.G. Nizhnik , V.V. Lapin
Published: February 2024

The presented clinical case describes the stages of long-term orthodontic correction of a patient aged 6 to 12 years with narrowing of the dentition and crowding of teeth in the frontal segment of the lower jaw using removable orthodontic equipment and parallel periodontal support for timely examination and treatment of periodontal diseases, as well as assessment of quantitative and qualitative composition of the child’s oral microbiota using microbiological diagnostics and correction of the microbial landscape of the oral cavity by prescribing a probiotic, improving the quality of individual hygiene and modern hardware methods of professional hygiene. Premature loss of primary teeth in a patient aged 6 years led to underdevelopment and asymmetry of the dentoalveolar arch and disruption of occlusal contacts, which leads to the inclusion of additional elements in removable orthodontic appliances, an increase in the area of orthodontic equipment and the number of additional elements in them contributes to an increase in the contamination of the oral cavity with opportunistic pathogens and fungal microorganisms. The long-term change of primary teeth, the delay in the eruption of permanent teeth during the period of mixed dentition contributed to the development of curvature of the roots of permanent teeth in the patient and, perhaps, was a provoking factor for the deficiency of bone tissue volume, which at an older age can contribute to the development of periodontitis, especially against the background of an increase in microbial contamination of the oral cavity opportunistic microorganisms and reducing the quantitative indicators of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.., which helps to reduce the degree of quantitative and qualitative indicators of contamination of the child’s oral cavity with opportunistic microorganisms and increase the quantitative indicators of normal flora, which has an antagonistic effect and helps improve the clinical situation in the oral cavity and ensures the stability of the periodontal complex patient at the stages of long-term orthodontic treatment.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IN THE KRASNOYARSK REGION
Authors: V.R. Losev , A.L. Sannikov , V.A. Khomenko , T.G. Svetlichnaya , R.V. Kubasov
Published: February 2024

Relevance. Epidemiological studies of diseases of the circulatory system show that this nosological form is one of the leading causes of mortality among all other pathologies detected in most regions of the Russian Federation and around the world. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of this pathology. The aim of the study is to study the dynamics of mortality in the Krasnoyarsk region from diseases of the circulatory system, as well as problems in the system of prevention, early diagnosis, medical care and rehabilitation of patients. Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of information materials of the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Federal State Statistics Service, documents of regional executive authorities in the field of healthcare. Statistical indicators of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases from 2011 to 2021 (per 100,000 population) were studied; the results obtained in the Krasnoyarsk region were compared with those in the Russian Federation as a whole. To assess the general and annual trend, its degree of reliability, a trend line was constructed and the value of the approximation coefficient R2 was calculated, which in all cases turned out to be acceptable. The results of the study. Regional mortality rates from diseases of the circulatory system differed from the national average. From 2012 to 2018, there was a slight downward trend, however, in 2019-2022, an increase in this indicator was recorded by more than 9%. In the Krasnoyarsk region, the trend line turned out to be slightly lower than the average for the Russian Federation during the period from 2012 to 2017. However, if in 2012 the difference was more than 15%, by the end of 2017 the gap had narrowed to 2%. Further, it almost coincided with that on average in the Russian Federation, and after 2019 it turned out to be higher. With the introduction and implementation of the regional program "Fight against cardiovascular diseases", a noticeable decrease in mortality was noted. The conclusion was made about the need for further implementation of this program, its continuous improvement and exchange of experience with other regions.
ANTIAGGREGATIONAL AND DISAGGREGATIONAL ACTIVITY OF NEW SULFUR-CONTAINING URACIL DERIVATIVES
Authors: A.S. Melnikov , S.A. Meshcheryakova , Yu.I. Vinogradova , A.V. Shumadalova , K.A. Nazmieva , Z.A. Valiullina
Published: February 2024

Aim: Treatment and prevention of various pathologies of hemostasis and the search for biologically active substances with anti-aggregation and disaggregation effects are one of the main lines of relieving pathogenic conditions of ischemia.
The duration of the onset of the therapeutic effect, the risk of bleeding, a decrease in the number of platelets and neutrophils, allergic manifestations - this is not a complete list of the side effects of current antiplatelet agents; in addition, with long-term use, the development of resistance occurs.
Such conclusions accelerate and stimulate new research into the search for a new generation of antiplatelet agents, not only characterized by a reduction in side effects, but also targeted ones.
Purpose: The purpose of the research directs to analyze the antiaggregatory and disaggregatory activity of the first synthesized sulfur containing uracil derivatives.
Materials and Methods: New derivatives were synthesized as a result of the alkylation reaction of pyrimidine derivatives with 2-chloromethylthiirane. The structure of the obtained biologically active substances was confirmed using standardized methods of physicochemical analysis. Individuality was controlled by thin layer chromatography.
Quantitative in silico analysis of putative activities of novel compounds was performed on the Way2Drag platform.
To conduct in vitro experiments, blood was collected from 27 healthy male donors.
The studies were carried out by first dissolving samples of compounds in DMSO. Solutions that sediment at room temperature after settling for 1.5-2 hours was not allowed for study. All solutions were stored in a refrigerator for no more than 24 hours from the date of dilution, at a temperature not exceeding +8 °C. An additional control group consisted of tests that were exposed to an equivolume amount of solvent.
The reference drug used was the standard 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid (“Acetylsalicylic acid”, Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., China).
The obtained data were processed using the statistical package Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft Inc, USA). Testing for normal distribution of actual data was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test.
Conclusions: Methods for the synthesis of new uracil derivatives have been developed. The antiaggregation and disaggregation activity of the obtained substances was analyzed. New potential antiplatelet agents have been identified.
STRENGTHENING PUBLIC HEALTH: IMPLEMENTING A COMPLEX OF PREVENTIVE AND REHABILITATION MEASURES TO REDUCE THE RISK OF SPINAL DEFORMITIES PROGRESSION IN MINOR STUDENTS
Authors: O.R. Radchenko , I.Kh. Sharafutdinov , A.S. Radchenko , B.A. Gatiatullin
Published: February 2024

One of the important tasks of modern healthcare is to preserve and strengthen the health of the younger generation. Within the framework of the National Project «Demography», federal projects «Strengthening Public Health», «Decade of Childhood», public health centers are actively working to implement and support corporate health promotion programs, including general educational organizations. The results of epidemiological studies demonstrate a significant increase in the prevalence of spinal deformities, which are one of the most common pathologies of the musculoskeletal system in the population of schoolchildren. Therefore, the purpose of this study was: the introduction of a set of preventive and rehabilitation measures to reduce the risk of progression of spinal deformities in minor students in educational institutions during the implementation of the project to strengthen public health. Material and research methods. An analysis of the reporting form was carried out to determine the number of identified postural disorders based on the results of preventive examinations carried out in 2022. Further, on the basis of two schools in Kazan, using computer optical non-contact topography of the spine, a survey of 776 schoolchildren was carried out: 347 girls (average age 12.36±0.41) and 429 boys (average age 12.49±0.35 years) whose parents signed voluntary informed consent. The research program was approved at a meeting of the local ethics committee of the Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (protocol No. 8 of October 18, 2022). Statistical data processing was carried out in the Microsoft Excel application package.
The results obtained showed that the proportion of practically healthy schoolchildren is 13.66%; postural disorders were found in 71.01% of schoolchildren; Scoliosis of the 1st–2nd degree was detected in 14.69%, and scoliosis of the 3rd degree in 0.64% of schoolchildren. Screening conducted using computer optical topography did not reveal significant differences in the incidence of postural disorders and scoliosis by gender. For early detection of latent and primary forms of spinal diseases, it is necessary to reconsider the frequency and age categories of schoolchildren. For timely correction of identified spinal deformities, it is necessary to expand the network of rehabilitation rooms at children's clinics.
COMPLICATIONS WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA AFTER DENTAL SURGERY
Authors: Х Lu , S.I. Yakubov , H Jiao , L Dong , Z Yang , J. Chen , X Ma
Published: February 2024

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. This definition is widely accepted worldwide by medical practitioners, medical professionals, and public health representatives. The use of local anesthesia allows dental manipulations to be performed painlessly, reversibly blocking the conduction of sensory nerves. Complications related to local anesthesia are an important aspect in dental surgery.
The purpose of this literature review is to study the complications associated with the use of local anesthesia in maxillofacial surgery, as well as to investigate methods and procedures for the successful treatment of these complications. This review presents the largest scientific studies conducted in search of the definition of the most common complications and their treatment, since the safety and effectiveness of local anesthesia in dental operations are key aspects in achieving positive results and meeting the needs of patients. Various complications have been identified, including allergic reactions, hematomas, infections, and nerve damage. Regional analgesia is too important to be denied to patients based on a dubious allergic history. Often, adverse reactions can be directly related to the pharmacological properties of the agents involved. The dentist must adequately distinguish these reactions from those that are directly related to allergic phenomena. For the comprehensive management of patients with an allergic history, it is necessary to take into account the importance, as well as the limitations of intradermal skin tests. Most studies have confirmed the relative safety and effectiveness of local anesthesia, but some risks have been noted that require special attention when planning and performing surgical procedures.
PROSPECTS OF METHODS OF SOLID DISPERSED SYSTEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE MEDICINAL FORMS
Authors: G.Z. Isaeva , E.F. Stepanova
Published: February 2024

. Expansion of the range of drugs with high therapeutic efficacy of the domestic market, including original dosage forms, are the priority tasks of the Ministry of Health within the framework of the state program of the Government of the Russian Federation "Development of Pharmaceutical and Medical Industry" dated December 29, 2021 with a term until 2030. One of the solutions to this problem at the stage of development of innovative dosage forms is the use of solid dispersions technology, which can provide prolonged action and sufficient stability. This is evidenced by the results of scientific research and obtaining solid dispersed systems based on various drug substances. The review is devoted to types of solid dispersions, general advantages of their application in pharmaceutical practice, evaluation of disadvantages and possibility of their correction. The list of polymers and substances of non-polymeric nature acting as carriers of solid dispersions is presented. The main methods of their preparation are reviewed, including industrial production: melt extrusion, used for drugs with not very high melting points; spray drying for drugs soluble in at least one volatile solvent and co-precipitation, used for drugs with high melting points and low solubility in common organic solvents. The use of a combination of preparation methods allows choices to be made regarding the optimal use of solid dispersions in dosage forms. Recent advances in the field of solid dispersions are described, as well as pharmaceuticals based on them, registered with the Ministry of Health of Russia.
SECONDARY PURULENT OTOGENIC MENINGITIS IN ADULTS: PECULIARITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY
Authors: I.M. Veshkurtseva , A.V. Rudzevich , A.I. Izvin , M.N. Ponomareva , S.M. Klyashev , Y.M. Klyasheva
Published: February 2024

Secondary purulent otogenic meningitis (SPOM) in adult patients is less common than in children, but among all intracranial complications of middle ear pathology it occupies the leading position. In the absolute majority of cases, a patient with SPOM on admission to the emergency room is supervised by a neurologist with a suspicion of acute cerebral circulation disorder, and an otorhinolaryngologist, along with other subspecialists, is initially an invited consultant. All this is associated with the risks of untimely diagnosis of SPOM and inadequate tactics of medical care, including the rationality of prescribing the choice of systemic antimicrobial therapy (SPMT), which increases the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes. As a result of retrospective analysis of medical records of 33 completed cases of SPOM for the period from 2017 to October 2023, the features of the course of SPOM microbial landscape in this pathology and the nature of SPMT were studied. It was revealed that in the structure of secondary meningitis of otogenic and rhinosinusogenic etiology VHOM took the leading positions (81.1%). In 62.5% of cases, patients had comorbid pathology, which negatively affected the course of the underlying disease and worsened the prognosis of the disease. Such manifestations as headache, vomiting, disorders of consciousness were observed in 62.5%, 57.6%, 62.1% of cases, respectively. Clearly expressed signs of inflammatory process on the part of general blood analysis and cerebrospinal fluid were revealed. The structure of etiologic factors in adult SPOM was dominated by coccal microflora (S.pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp.). In 81.8% of cases of SPOM we started with recommended ceftriaxone, but absence of positive dynamics, severity of the course of the inflammatory process required correction of SPMT and transition to meropenem. Timely diagnosis, clear tactics of medical care, including the choice of effective SPMT using, including de-escalation schemes, led to favorable outcomes in 87.9% of patients.
FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT TACTICS FOR A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE UTERINE FIBROIDS AND INTESTINAL DIVERTICULOSIS
Authors: O. B. Kalinkina , Yu. V. Tezikov , I. S. Lipatov
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to study the features of management tactics for a patient with multiple uterine fibroids and intestinal diverticulosis. When analyzing this clinical case, it was revealed that surgical intervention was indicated in this case. A complication, intraoperative injury to the ileum, occurred due to severe inflammation and adhesions of the abdominal cavity caused by diverticulosis of the large intestine. The presence of pronounced inflammatory changes in the ileum with the formation of diverticular disease, followed by the development of a massive adhesive process in the intestine, was not diagnosed before surgery. Late diagnosis may be due to the patient having a mild, asymptomatic clinical picture of the disease and the absence of pronounced clinical manifestations. The patient's nagging pain in the lower abdomen could be due to either the large size of uterine fibroids or be a manifestation of the clinical picture of diverticular disease. The ileal injury was detected in a timely manner, during a planned operation, and repaired in a timely manner. The management tactics in the postoperative period were correct; all diagnostic and therapeutic appointments were carried out in full, which allowed the woman to be discharged on the 14th day of the postoperative period in satisfactory condition. The patient was given recommendations in connection with the diagnosis of diverticular disease, aimed at preventing its progression and development of complications. It is necessary, if a patient has diverticulosis, even with minor manifestations and an asymptomatic course, to assume the possibility of developing pelvic adhesive disease and to prevent the development of possible complications.
THE MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIONS IN OUTPATIENT SETTINGS
Authors: T. G. Afanasyeva , E. N. Makhinova , N.N Lavrova , E.S. Tkachuk
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of systemic antibacterial drugs registered in the State Register of Medicines [4] and available medicines in pharmacy organizations in Voronezh. Antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial agents are one of the most important groups of medicines, since many of them are included in the list of Vital and essential medicines [5]. Despite the overall improvement in the quality of life, infectious diseases have been and remain a serious health problem worldwide. The growth of antibiotic resistance pushes scientists to search and develop new drugs with the necessary spectrum of action and resistance [1]. This, in turn, obliges pharmaceutical and medical professionals to study the ever-expanding range of medicines in pharmacy organizations to prescribe effective treatment [2]. At the same time, specialists need to take into account external and internal factors affecting the pharmaceutical market in the Russian Federation in order to prescribe to patients not only high-quality and effective, but also affordable drugs. Thus, it was revealed that at the time of the study, 38% of all registered antibacterial drugs were located in Voronezh. Some International nonproprietary names (INN), including in the list of Vital and essential medicines, are completely absent in pharmacies (polymyxin b and daptomycin). In general, there is an active growth in the rate of registration of new drugs in the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation. In this article, using mathematical analysis methods, the percentage ratio of ATС groups [3,6] in the assortment of antibacterial drugs of systemic action is determined, the most common drugs and dosage forms in pharmacy organizations, as well as their manufacturers, were identified.
ANALYSIS OF THE RUSSIAN MARKET OF DRUGS USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF GASTRODUODENITIS IN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Y.O. Butsykina , I.V. Spichak , G.V. Varenykh , I.V. Zhirova
Published: February 2024

The Russian pharmaceutical market (RPhM) has a large assortment portfolio of medicines (MP) used to treat various diseases of the digestive system. But not all of these drugs are approved for use in children and adolescents. Due to their insufficient safety for this age group, it is necessary to be more careful in the selection of suitable medicines that will not be inferior in effectiveness to other drugs used in adults. So, in particular, some medicines used for the treatment of digestive organs are included in the List of vital and essential medicines, according to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 12.10.2019 No. 2406-r "On approval of the List of VED for 2023, as well as lists of medicines for medical use and the minimum range of medicines necessary for the provision of medical care." The purpose of this study was to analyze the range of drugs on the Russian pharmaceutical market used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents. In the course of the study, various official information sources about medicines registered in the territory of the Russian Federation were reviewed and studied: the Register of Medicines of Russia "RADAR" (2023), Internet sources, collections and forms containing statistical data. Research methods: content analysis, ranking, graphic, structural, segmentation, comparative. A marketing study of the product portfolio was conducted, its structure was formed, and a macro-contour of RPhM drugs used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents was developed. Research methods: content analysis, ranking, graphic, structural, segmentation, comparative. A marketing study of the product portfolio was conducted, its structure was formed, and a macro-contour of RPhM drugs used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents was developed.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF A COMBINED MEDICINE FOR THE ORAL CAVITY
Authors: E.B. Nikiforova , A.I. Shevchenko , V.V. Burlakova
Published: February 2024

Inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity belong to the category of widespread pathologies and are characterized by a diverse etiology. For their treatment and prevention, herbal remedies that have the properties of a complex effect on the causes and nature of the development of the inflammatory process are quite often and quite reasonably used. Jujube leaves seem to be a promising source of biologically active substances (BAS) for inclusion in anti-inflammatory drugs for the oral cavity due to their significant content of flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, triterpene compounds and other groups of BAS, which individually and in combination determine the target activity. In addition, according to the literature, compounds that cause an anesthetic effect in the oral cavity were found in the leaves of jujube. Free radical oxidation and subsequent disruption of the integrity of cell membranes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of oral diseases. In this regard, a promising direction in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of oral diseases is the use of antioxidant drugs, among which ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) is quite popular in this regard. EMGPS inhibits the oxidation of biological membranes, increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and also participates in the regulation of metabolic activity of cells. It seemed appropriate to develop a composition and evaluate the quality of an oral product based on a complex of biologically active substances from jujube leaves and EMGPS with a predicted complex anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect.
Determination of commodity indicators of jujube leaves, dry residue, alcohol content in the alcohol extract and pH of the oral product was carried out using pharmacopoeial methods. pH was measured using a Mettler Toledo pH meter. An alcoholic extract from jujube leaves in the form of a tincture was obtained by fractional maceration using 40% ethyl alcohol, which selectively extracts flavonoids from this raw material. The quantitative content of flavonoids was determined by differential spectrophotometry using a Shimadzu UV-1800 spectrophotometer. Quantitative analysis of EMGPS was carried out titrimetrically using the non-aqueous titration method. It has been established that the developed oral product containing tincture of jujube leaves and EMGPS is characterized by satisfactory quality indicators. The proposed methods for the quantitative determination of active substances make it possible to statistically reliably control their content in the composition.
SYNTHESIS OF NEW O-THIETANE-SUBSTITUTED ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES OF 6-METHYL-2-THIOPYRIMIDINE WITH ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Yu.I. Vinogradova , S.A. Meshcheryakova , A.V. Shumadalova , K.A. Nazmieva
Published: February 2024

Aim: As is known, in connection with the observation of this trend in the world, currently many factors have a negative impact on the human body, provoking the production of reactive oxygen species, triggering the process of lipid peroxidation, which leads to the development of tumor, inflammatory processes, and the onset of aging of the body. Therefore, the search for new substances with antioxidant activity is relevant in modern pharmacy.
Purpose: Synthesis of new O-thietane-substituted acetamide derivatives of 6-methyl-2-thiopyrimidine with antioxidant activity.
Materials and Methods: New derivatives were obtained as a result of thiethanylation of the reaction products of ethyl 2-[6-methyl-4-(thietan-3-yloxy)pyrimidin-2-ylthio]acetate with aliphatic and alicyclic amines. The structure of the obtained biologically active substances was confirmed using standardized methods of physicochemical analysis. Individuality was controlled by thin layer chromatography.
Conclusions: Methods for the synthesis of new O-thietane-substituted acetamide derivatives of 6-methyl-2-thiopyrimidine have been developed, and the antioxidant activity of the resulting compounds has been analyzed. Some structure-activity patterns of the synthesized compounds have been established.
Kajian Stilistika dalam Lagu Happy Asmara Wis Tatas
Authors: Natalia Kristin
Published: February 2024

The lyrics of this song are the lyrics of a dangdut song performed by Happy Asmara in Javanese. The interesting thing to study further is the use of diction and the theme using stylistics, namely looking at the style of language used. Stylistic studies are directed to discuss the content of literary works. In general, stylistic studies include diction or word choice (lexical choice), sentence structure, figure of speech, partnership, rhyme patterns, and dimensions used by the author or contained in literary works. This study aims to analyze the use of diction and themes contained in the lyrics of the Dangdut Happy Asmara song entitled “Wis Tatas”. The method used is the library method because the object is the text of the song lyrics. Like the style chosen by the author, stylistic theory is used, which does not see aesthetics in song lyrics. The end of this method is the result of the data analysis presentation. The presentation of the results of data analysis begins with the presentation of diction on the data sources contained in the lyrics of the song Happy Asmara. Then proceed with an explanation of the theme of the lyrics. The results of the research found are that in the lyrics of the song Happy Asmara, the figure of speech used is the simile. In addition, the lyrics of the song Happy Asmara use non-majas. Non-majors used consist of repetition, inversion, and rhetoric. Happy Asmara’s song lyrics also contain diction consisting of empty symbols, natural symbols, and special symbols. Happy Asmara song lyrics also contain pictures or images. The image or image contained in the lyrics of the song Happy Asmara consists of visual imagery (visual), auditive imagery (hearing), tactical imagery (touching), and gustative imagery (touch). The theme contained in the lyrics of the song Happy Asmara consists of a chorus.
Satuan Gaya Bahasa dan Gaya Bahasa Alegori dalam Geguritan Kori Karya Krishna Miharja
Authors: Safarina Reny Anindhita , Sulanjari Bambang , Werdiningsih Yuli Kurniati
Published: February 2024

The purpose of writing this paper is to fulfil lecture assignments and to describe allegorical language style and units of style in the geguritan entitled Kori by Krishna Miharja. As a poet, Krishna Miharja not only writes geguritan, but also short stories (cerkak). Although he wrote a lot of geguritan, Krishna is better known among Javanese writers as a witty writer. Because of the cerkak Krishna's works, which tend to be surrealistic and contain social and political criticism, they are considered as other colours in Javanese literature. The method used in this research is the content analysis method. The research data is in the form of Kori's geguritan text which tells the number of choices that must be chosen in life by being expressed using an allegorical language style. The theory used is a stylistic study which explains the style of language used in literature to reveal the message or meaning conveyed by the author in his literary work. The result of this research is that there is a story about the way of life that must be chosen among the many choices of life paths that exist. Life has many choices and humans are only trying to get the best and worthy choice for their lives.
Analisis diksi dan gaya bahasa dalam lagu Sewu Kutha karya Didi Kempot: kajian stilistika
Authors: Prasanti Alfina Diah Ayu , Sulanjari Bambang
Published: February 2024

This study discusses the use of diction, language style, imagery and figure of speech in the lyrics of the campursari song entitled Sewu Kutha by Didi Kempot. The theory used is a stylistic study. This study aims to: (1) describe the diction (2) describe the imagery (3) describe the figure of speech or language style contained in the lyrics of the campursari song entitled Sewu Kutha by Didi Kempot. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The data collection technique used is reading and note-taking technique and data analysis technique using descriptive analysis technique which includes description, classification and analysis. The results of this study are in the lyrics of the campursari song entitled Sewu Kutha created by Didi Kempot using denotative diction, connotative diction, tactile imagery, visual imagery, auditory imagery, comparative language style, affirmation style.