bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhalatory dynamic interactions between patients connected to a shared ventilation device
Authors: Garcia Eijo Pedro M. , D’Adamo Juan , Bianchetti Arturo , Duriez Thomas , Cabaleiro Juan M. , Irrazabal Célica , Otero Pablo , Artana Guillermo
Published: May 2021

In this work a shared pressure-controlled ventilation device for two patients is considered. By the use of different valves incorporated to the circuit, the device enables the restriction of possible cross contamination and the individualization of tidal volumes, driving pressures, and positive end expiratory pressure PEEP. Possible interactions in the expiratory dynamics of different pairs of patients are evaluated in terms of the characteristic exhalatory times. These characteristic times can not be easily established using simple linear lumped element models. For this purpose, a 1D model using the Hydraulic and Mechanical libraries in Matlab Simulink was developed. In this sense, experiments accompany this study to validate the model and characterize the different valves of the circuit. Our results show that connecting two patients in parallel to a ventilator always resulted in delays of time during the exhalation. The size of this effect depends on different parameters associated with the patients, the circuit and the ventilator. The dynamics of the exhalation of both patients is determined by the ratios between patients exhalatory resistances, compliances, driving pressures and PEEPs. Adverse effects on exhalations became less noticeable when respiratory parameters of both patients were similar, flow resistances of valves added to the circuit were negligible, and when the ventilator exhalatory valve resistance was also negligible. The asymmetries of driving pressures, compliances or resistances exacerbated the possibility of auto-PEEP and the increase in relaxation times became greater in one patient than in the other. In contrast, exhalatory dynamics were less sensitive to the ratio of PEEP imposed to the patients.
Dis-Placed: Space, Settlement, and Agency
Authors: Batuman Bülent
Published: May 2021

This article introduces the special issue ‘Dis-placed’. Questioning the term ‘refugee’ as an identity marker and pointing at the problematic connotations it embodies, the article explores the spatial forms of refugee experience. The knowledge of space, as produced within disciplines such as geography, urban planning, and architecture, is deployed by states to limit the movements of forced migrants across and within national borders. In response, the article calls for social/spatial justice, arguing that this can only be achieved through the blurring of the boundaries between host and refugee identities. The contributions in this special issue present investigations on different facets of the spatiality of forced migration through various disciplinary approaches and methodologies. Taken together, they underline the importance of the link between space and refugee agency in tackling forced migration.
Constructing a Refugee Through Producing a Refugee Space: Russian Migrants in Occupied Istanbul (1919–22)
Authors: Saitov Timur
Published: May 2021

Migration is a natural tendency of human society. Solidification of the modern nation-state led to the regularized protection of states’ borders and territory and reduced the ability of migrants to negotiate their integration into a host society. The political and economic turmoil of the era following the First World War exacerbated the problematic relationships between the nation-state and migrants. Many migrants were excluded from the normal territorial and legal space of post-war global society and were categorized under a new political label as refugees. With the example of Russian Civil War (1918-21) refugees in Istanbul, the article investigates the process of constructing a refugee identity among these people. This included producing a refugee space, which was accomplished through imagining space as a resource, reimagining the meaning of Istanbul, constructing refugee camps, and engagement with the experience of the spatial hierarchy of Istanbul city life. I argue that the experience of Russian refugees in Istanbul after the First World War heavily contributed to the formation of today’s modern refugee regime.
Investigating Syrian Refugees’ Choice of Location in Urban Areas as a Subjective Process: A Cross-case Comparison in the Neighbourhoods of Önder (Ankara) and Yunusemre (İzmir)
Authors: Güngördü Feriha Nazda , Kahraman Zerrin Ezgi
Published: May 2021

In migration literature, the growing interest in the localized and subjective forms of refugee emplacement in urban areas following the influx of Syrian refugees has brought along new debates on how to approach the location choices (LC) of refugees. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the different dimensions of Syrian refugees’ location choices at the urban/neighbourhood level. Specifically, we aimed to understand the dynamics behind the growing tendency among Syrian refugees in Turkey to settle in neighbourhoods that are close to inner-city industrial sites by conducting two case studies in the Önder neighbourhood of Ankara and the Yunusemre neighbourhood of İzmir in a comparative manner. From the twenty-three interviews conducted with Syrians, we uncovered the themes of LC and categorized them in accordance with the dimensions of LC addressed in the literature. We identified three main dimensions that affected Syrians’ location choices at the neighbourhood level as: economic (the availability of job opportunities, public and commercial services, the affordability of accommodation), socio-cultural (the existence of co-ethnics, kinship/ethnic relations) and socio-spatial (proximity to the city centre, transportation, public and commercial services, workplaces). Here, we acknowledged the intertwined relation between these dimensions and refugee subjectivity in LC.
Earthen Architecture in Muslim Cultures: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives, ed. Stéphane Pradines (2018)
Authors: Apotsos Michelle
Published: May 2021

Review of: Earthen Architecture in Muslim Cultures: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives, ed. Stéphane Pradines (2018)

Leiden: Brill, 283 pp., 185 illus., ISBN: 9789004355316 (hardcover), $160
Mapping The Middle East, Zayde Antrim (2018)
Authors: Brummett Palmira
Published: May 2021

Review of: Mapping The Middle East, Zayde Antrim (2018)

London: Reaktion Books, 333 pp., 82 colour illus., ISBN: 9781780238500 (hardback), $45
Patrimonio y turismo en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible: caso «Villar del Monte» (León, España)
Authors: Hidalgo-Alcázar Carmen , Lanero Ana , Vázquez José Luis
Published: May 2021

La actividad turística experimenta cambios. En la actualidad, los turistas demandan naturaleza y cultura, no sólo sol y playa. Nuevos turistas y por tanto nuevos productos turísticos, aparecen en escena. A su vez, se refleja un notable interés y preocupación por la preservación y la puesta en valor turístico de objetos y lugares patrimoniales. Así, el carácter patrimonial de objetos y lugares es una de las características de los destinos turísticos valorizadas por la demanda actual. En este contexto, desde el ámbito académico, los estudios que abordan la temática de la valorización turística del patrimonio están desarrollándose en forma creciente. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una reflexión sobre la relación que se establece entre turismo y patrimonio bajo el contexto de desarrollo sostenible. Como caso concreto, hablaremos sobre la cultura tradicional como recurso para combatir la despoblación en Villar del Monte, un enclave de la comarca leonesa de La Cabrera que se transformó en un pueblo-museo para conservar su peculiar etnografía.
Metaheurística Inspirada no Comportamento do Corvo com Multiestratégias de Aprendizagem Baseada em Oposição
Authors: Augusto Procopio de Paiva Fábio , Lázaro Porpino Campos Emanuel , Ferreira de Santana Brito Alexya , Ribeiro Marques dos Santos Rafaela
Published: May 2021

Frequently, metaheuristics algorithms are used in many scientificand engineering problems optimization. However, these metaheuristicscome across an impossibility to escape from optimal solutions.To equilibrate the balancing between exploitation and exploration,several proposals, inspired in the behavior of animalgroups, have been developed. A recent metaheuristic is Crow SearchAlgorithm (CSA). It is inspired in the intelligent behavior ofcrows. This paper presents a novel CSA variant combined withtwo strategies opposed to based-learning called Elite Opposition-Based Learning and Generalized Opposition-Based Learning. Toevaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm we executedtwo experiment groups that utilized twelve reference functions. Inthe first group, the proposal was compared to a CSA variant andother three algorithms. For the second experiment group, we comparedto other four algorithms and more one variant. After the executionof experiments, we observed that the obtained numerical resultsshowed a superiority when compared to the other algorithms.
A study based on TAM model about debugging tools
Authors: Pereira da Silva Fabio
Published: May 2021

Debugging is the task of locating and fixing defects in a program.Despite the increase of its importance in last decades, debuggingis responsible for a large part of costs in a software project by organizations.Among the techniques proposed to minimize thesedifficulties, Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SFL) is a promisingdebugging technique due to it is relative low execution cost.Recently, visualization tools have been proposed to represent thesuspicious values of program elements with SFL techniques in differentmetaphors. Some tools use textual representation and others avisual representation. In this paper, we compare two SFL debuggingtools. Jaguar presents the most suspicious elements of a programin a list sorted by suspicious values. CodeForest represents the programin a three dimensional cacti forest. In this article are presentedthe results of an evaluation with 119 students to assess the usabilityperception of these tools to the fault localization by TechnologyAcceptance Model (TAM). This model aims to help organizationsduring the evaluation of new technologies. The results of studyshow that Jaguar has greater usability than CodeForest; however,the statistical effect size observed is low between them.
A Basic Microkernel for the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture
Authors: William Mezger Benjamin , Bortoluzzi Fabricio , Albenes Zeferino Cesar , Roberto Oliveira Valim Paulo , Rossi Melo Douglas
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTComputer processors provide an abstract model known as theinstruction set architecture, which serves as an interface betweenthe available hardware and the software. Application developersneed to communicate with these types of hardware, and having tolearn each computer specification is difficult and time-consuming.Operating systems provide an abstraction towards the availablecomputer hardware and user software. They manage computerresources to enable application programmers to communicate withthe available hardware. This work introduces an academic-orientedoperating system for the RISC-V architecture, a de facto instructionset architecture standard, and compares the solution with othersmall operating systems using the same architecture. As the maincontribution, this work provides an extensible operating system tointroduce students to operating system development.
O Problema do Poder Efetivo na Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Barbosa de Morais Renan , César San Felice Mário , Henrique Del Bianco Hokama Pedro , Ávila Casalecchi Gabriel
Published: May 2021

Proportionality in political representation is an essential theme forrepresentative democracy. In Brazil, this debate appears in the contextof non-proportionality between a federative unit’s populationsize and its number of representatives in the Chamber of Deputies.In other words, the number of deputies in a state is not proportionalto its number of inhabitants, which violates the "one man, one vote"principle.Discussions around this disproportionality have motivated scholarsto develop empirical research that aims to identify the causesand consequences of the phenomenon and to analyze the impactthat the rule introduces in the political process. This article seeksto contribute to this debate by measuring the effective power ofeach Brazilian federation’s entity and proposing alternatives ofdistribution for the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies.To this end, we use a mathematical concept from game theory,called Power Index, which allows quantifying the existing representationaldiscrepancies. After evaluating several distributions, wesolved the Inverse Power Index Problem (IPIP) to obtain a distributionof chairs that reduces such disparities. To solve the IPIP, whichis computationally hard, we use an evolutionary heuristic. As anobjective function to minimize the discrepancy, we use the linearShapley rule, in which the power index of each state is proportionalto its population.
Prioridade Dinâmica de Mensagens Aplicada a Redes de Sensores Corporais Sem-Fio
Authors: Da Rocha Henriques Felipe , Guedes Raphael , Ferreira Creyton , Silva de Assis Laura
Published: May 2021

The Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are a special case ofthe Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and, in general, are responsiblefor gathering and transmitting biometric data from a givenpatient. One of the features of the WSNs is the self–configuration;i.e., the capability that a given parameter can be adjusted regardingsome occurrence in execution time. As stated, the objective of theWBANs is the gathering, through several sensors, of biometric dataof a patient. In general, because of possible daily activities and/orpathologies, some sensors can be more demanded (or required) incertain periods of the day. In these situations, information of thesementioned sensors are more relevant and require larger data deliverypriority. Thus, we propose QoSBody-AODV, a variation of theAODV routing protocol, which performs the dynamic adjustmentof the message’s priority, turning the network functioning to besensitive to the physical activities performed by the patient, as wellas pathological information.
Adequação da MOSE® Competence para a Implementação do Capítulo VII da LGPD: Um Mapeamento dos Ativos de Segurança e Boas Práticas
Authors: Araújo de Souza Maykon , Ronaldo Bezerra Oliveira Sandro
Published: May 2021

This study presents a mapping of the assets present in the Guiding Model for the Success of Public and Private Companies (MOSE) and the articles included in the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) of the Brazilian Government, with regard to Security and Good Practices in Chapter VII of this law. The theme becomes relevant, as more and more companies from different contexts need to implement the articles contained in this law in order to adhere to the standard of regulation of personal data processing activities defined by the Brazilian Federal Government. However, this law still needs guidelines for its proper implementation based on the adoption of good practices in models, methods and/or techniques available in the specialized literature. One of these instruments refers to the MOSE, which helps public and private companies to achieve levels of excellence in performance, governance and quality, in the production of goods and services, based on the use of practices and indicators specific to the area of knowledge or specialty. Thus, the research question guiding this work is: how to correspond/map the practices included in the MOSE to guide the implementation of the articles of the LGPD law? The methodology adopted was the asset mapping, described in a specific section of the paper, which included the following steps: definition of the LGPD chapter that focuses on data security management; definition of the model and law structures, and their inputs to be analyzed; identification of the description of each asset; analysis of correspondence between assets; evaluation of the mapping using the peer review technique with expert in the two target standards of this research. The result was the perception that 33% of the MOSE’s competences goals, with the appropriate adjustments, have total adherence with 100% of the security and good pratices assets of LGPD. This mapping is intended to provide assistance in defining a roadmap containing activities, work products, tools, indicators and expected results to achieve the goals defined in the LGPD.
Estudo Comparativo de Tecnologias de Desenvolvimento front-end paraWeb
Authors: De Souza Matheus , Alves da Silva Eduardo
Published: May 2021

There are several JavaScript technologies intended to assist in theconstruction of web systems user interfaces. Choose the most suitablefor a new project can be a difficult task. Three of these technologieshave gained prominence: Angular, Vue and React. All focusedon the front-end development of web applications. In order to facilitatethe process of decision making about which technology is themost suitable in a new project, this work establishes a comparativestudy of the three most used JavaScript technologies currently andto highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each one. Thiswork adopted performance, size and support for different browsersto carry out an experimental comparative study. An applicationwas developed as a use case and replicated in each of the technologies,in order to analyze the development process and the resultsunder the same set of tests. A software to perform the tests in anautomated way was implemented to collect the performance resultsusing the Google Chrome browser. It was possible to identify whichtechnology is most suitable in each test scenario. For example, theAngular framework performed better in 8 out of 10 scenarios evaluated,despite having a longer startup time and build size of theapplication compared to React and Vue. It is estimated that Angularloads more information in the initialization process to make thestate of the application “more prepared” for user interactions
Análise de Características do Tráfego de Rede para Detecção de Ataques DDoS em Ambientes IoT
Authors: Leonardo Costa Wanderson , Lima de Carvalho Portela Ariel , Lopes Gomes Rafael
Published: May 2021

The evolution of computing devices has allowed the evolution ofservice provision in society, applying new technologies based onthe Internet of Things (IoT). Most IoT devices have security vulnerabilities,making them susceptible to Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) Attacks. Thus, it is necessary to apply solutions that candetect this type of attack in IoT networks from the information ofthe network traffic. However, there is still no definition of whichtraffic characteristics should be used for detection, since the useof inappropriate characteristics tend to make detection difficult.Within this context, this article presents an analysis of the most importanttraffic characteristics for detecting DDoS in IoT networks,in order to support a detection mechanism based on Machine Learning.Experiments using a real data set suggest that the proposedmechanism has an accuracy close to 99 % when the most suitablecharacteristics are selected.
Gerenciador de Pílulas Inteligente
Authors: Kaviski Mariane , Isabela Quandt Verônica , Felipe Taveira dos Santos Pedro , Galezzi Wilian , Juliano Alberti Eduardo
Published: May 2021

In Brazil, as in other countries in the world, the percentage of elderlypeople has been increasing in recent decades. This fact ismainly caused by the drop in the birth rate and the increase in theaverage life span. As a result, health care for the elderly becomesincreasingly important. Adherence to drug treatment is a clinicalchallenge for doctors who serve this population. Very old peoplehave multiple illnesses and, consequently, they use multiple medications.Some also have impaired cognitive or sensory functions,such as visual pathologies or decreased motor skills. However, nonadherenceto drug treatment can lead to the emergence of newdiseases, hospitalizations or even death. This article presents the developmentof an intelligent device that has the function of assistingdrug management, seeking the well-being of the elderly. The deviceallows the registration of the time and interval of medication intakethrough a list of products, regulated by Anvisa, pre-registeredin the system and selected according to its format. After audibleand visual warnings, the medication is dispensed automatically,allowing the medication to be ingested at the appropriate time. Itis also possible to view a drug consumption report and registrationtimes. After testing, the developed prototype was effective for thepurpose for which it was designed. The encoder system, responsiblefor monitoring and controlling the position of the medicationcompartment disc, presented an average deviation of 0.0263 mm,which prevents the overlapping of pills. At the same time, samplesof medication availability at the scheduled times showed a zeroerror rate.
An Automated Approach to Mitigate Transcription Errors in Braille Texts for the Portuguese Language
Authors: Roberto Ortoncelli André , Marcon Marlon , Beal Franciele
Published: May 2021

The quota system in Brazil made it possible to include blind studentsin higher education. Teachers’ lack of knowledge about the braillesystem can represent a barrier between them and students who useit for writing and reading. Computer-vision-based transcriptionsolutions represent mechanisms for reducing understanding restrictionson this system. However, such tools face nuisances inherentto image processing systems, e.g., illumination, noise, and scale,harming the result. This paper presents an automated approachto mitigate transcription errors in braille texts for the Portugueselanguage. We propose a selection function, combined with dictionaries,that provides the best correspondence of words based ontheir braille representation. We validated our proposal on a datasetof synthetic images by submitting them to different noise levelsand testing the proposal’s robustness. Experimental results confirmthe effectiveness of the solution compared to a standard approach.As a contribution of this paper, we expect to provide a method tosupport robust and adaptable solutions to real use conditions.
Usabilidade, Design e Interface para Usuários Idosos: uma experiência em uma Casa de Apoio
Authors: Alexandre Artoni Arthur , Renata Sachs Camerlengo de Barbosa Cinthyan , Carazato Oliveira Bruno , Tavares de Oliveira Barros Vanessa
Published: May 2021

With the growing increase in the population’s life expectancy, it isnatural that more and more aged people make use of technologicaltools. Those tools need to meet the necessities of this public that, ingeneral, has more difficulties to deal with technologies. This paperdescribes the development process of a system built for a supporthome for elderly people and volunteers with little experience inusing computerized systems. It is a technological support tool thehelps the institution in a safe and reliable way. Usability problemsfor seniors have been minimized with specific guidelines.
Ensino de Hardware por meio de um Jogo de Tabuleiro Uma Proposta para a Educação Básica
Authors: Maria de Jesus Silva Neiva , Floresta da Silva Ana Paula , Roberto Beleti Junior Carlos
Published: May 2021

Games have been part of people's lives as something common since early childhood, being used for entertaining and diverse content. In areas that have curricular components in basic education, games can be used as a complementary object to the teaching, bringing a new perspective on the understanding of certain concepts to the regular education. The Computer Science, as it does not have a curricular component in regular education, has its teaching with trend to occur only in technical or undergraduate degree. In this sense, university project initiatives for the community can collaborate with teaching, or at least, with the popularization of the area. Thus, this work proposes to present a board game that has the objective of teaching Computer Science concepts, more specifically on the functioning of physical components of computers - hardware of computer machines -, for students at elementary school. The board game, the planning for its use, a questionnaire to verify the perception and previous knowledge of participating students are presented, in addition to the results of a pedagogical intervention carried out with 26 students of basic education. As preliminary results, it was found that the game promotes engagement, stimulates curiosity and motivation, increasing interest in computational content, even though these are abstract concepts for school-age children. The game will be made available in an online repository, seeking its greater use, as well as its application for more students of basic education.
Mapeamento das Diretrizes para Ensino de Computação na Educação Básica em uma Oficina de Banco de Dados
Authors: Oenning Amador Bruna , Cristina Galarraga Berardi Rita , Abe Turato Patricia , Amélia Bim Sílvia
Published: May 2021

The necessity of introducing the fundamental concepts of Computingin Brazilian elementary, middle and high school has beenincreasingly discussed by the Brazilian Computer Society (SBC).Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, there is no literaturethat explains how these concepts should be applied. This articledescribes how those specific Computing competences can be introducedin accordance with the guidelines defined by SBC. For thispurpose, an analysis of a database workshop for high school girlswas carried out, in order to map the guidelines to the workshopactivities. This analysis serves as model for the creation of tools andcourses in an articulated way with the guidelines of SBC, showingthat existing materials can and should be harnessed.
Construção de um Jogo Usando Robótica para a Formação de Habilidades de Programação em Crianças
Authors: Teles de Andrade Junior William , Alexandre Gouveia Gaston , Lima Gonçalves da Silva Gabriel , Yasmim de Castro Silva Julia , Cesar Lira da Silva Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

Constant technological advances have made society face the needto acquire new skills, one of which is programming. At first, thisactivity was aimed only at computer professionals, but it arousededucators’ interest and has been incorporated as part of the schoolcurriculum. Therefore, some initiatives try to present programmingto children using different approaches. Our proposal focuses onprogramming using robotics. The work shows the development ofa robot created with Arduino to be used in an educational game.In the proposal, the player needs to develop the robot’s algorithmto move to a goal on the map in the game. An Android applicationcontrols the robot, and the whole proposal is created in a playfulmanner. Thus, it is expected to create a low-cost tool to stimulatecomputational thinking.
Desenvolvimento de um picossatélite educacional - CapSat
Authors: Veloso Batschauer Daniel , Luiz Zuchi Edson , Julia Fischer Maria , Luciani Corrêa Ana Carolina , Muller Ribeiro Mateus , Justino Maurício , Rauta Leonardo
Published: May 2021

Após o início da exploração espacial, durante a guerra fria, muitossatélites foram desenvolvidos e atualmente encontram-se em órbita.No entanto, esses equipamentos são caros de serem produzidos eo acesso a essa tecnologia é restrito basicamente a pesquisadoresde agências espaciais. Para tornar isso mais acessível, surgiu umaalternativa para o desenvolvimento de um satélite de baixo custoe dimensões reduzidas, são picossatélites. Baseado nesse conceito,esse projeto desenvolveu um picossatélite com dimensões de umalata de refrigerante de 330ml, modalidade conhecida como cansat.O objetivo principal é o uso desse cansat para demonstrar conceitose técnicas vistas apenas em teoria em unidades curricularescomo redes de computadores, física, geografia, sistemas embarcados,processamento de imagens, entre outras. Além de possibilitar aosdiscentes um contato com equipamentos e tecnologias que dificilmenteterão acesso durante o curso. Assim, esse trabalho apresentao desenvolvimento do cansat educacional, chamado CapSat.
STEAM NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: UMA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA QUE FOMENTA O PROTAGONISMO DA CRIANÇA NO SEU PROCESSO DE APRENDIZAGEM.
Authors: Martins Batista Juliana , Alves Marilei , Levi Rufca Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

The main objective of this research was to analyze the STEAM as a learning practice that promotes protagonism, as well as its contributions in Early Childhood Education. This reflection aims to point out some innovative theories and/or teaching methodologies that contribute to the insertion of STEAM in the action with young children (aged four to five years and eleven months) to create experiences that contemplate them entirely, where they can have a voice and turn, in order to understand whether child protagonism is being opportunistic.
O PRINCÍPIO CONSTITUCIONAL DA RAZOÁVEL DURAÇÃO DO PROCESSO E A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO PROCESSO JUDICIAL ELETRÔNICO COMO FORMA DE GARANTIR CELERIDADE AOS LITÍGIOS
Authors: Albergaria Neto Jason , Lopes Júnior Newton de Araújo
Published: May 2021

RESUMOObjetivou-se com este trabalho tratar da informatização dos processos judiciais e da sua relação com a garantia constitucional da razoável duração do processo judicial. O problema da pesquisa cinge na implementação do processo eletrônico como forma de garantir a razoável duração do processo e suas consequências. O objetivo geral é demonstrar que simplesmente digitalizar e transferir os litígios judiciais para o meio eletrônico não é, necessariamente, capaz de garantir a razoável duração do processo. Em muitos casos, a falta de treinamento e de tecnologias para os membros da justiça podem acarretar maior morosidade do judiciário. Optou-se pela análise bibliográfica e jurisprudencial com suporte no método dedutivo. Como resultado observou-se que não basta transferir os autos físicos para o meio eletrônico. Restou comprovada a necessidade de investir em tecnologias e em treinamento da comunidade jurídica como um todo, para garantir ao jurisdicionado um resultado efetivo em tempo razoável.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Processo; Celeridade; Garantia constitucional; Informatização.ABSTRACTThe objective of this work was to deal with the computerization of judicial proceedings and their relationship with the constitutional guarantee of the reasonable length of the proceedings. The research problem concerns the implementation of the electronic process as a way to guarantee the reasonable duration of the process and its consequences. The overall objective is to demonstrate that simply digitizing and transferring legal disputes to electronic media is not necessarily able to guarantee the reasonable duration of the process. In many cases, the lack of training and technologies for members of the justice system can lead to greater delays in the judiciary. We opted for bibliographic and jurisprudential analysis based on the deductive method. As a result, it was observed that it is not enough to transfer the physical records to the electronic medium. There remains a proven need to invest in technology and training for the legal community as a whole, in order to guarantee the jurisdiction an effective result within a reasonable time.KEYWORDS: Process; Speed; Warranty; Constitutional; Computerization.
AS TRAGÉDIAS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS NO BRASIL: A EMERGÊNCIA DA RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO DAS EMPRESAS MINERADORAS FRENTE À VIOLAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: De Barros Leal Mayka Marques Paes
Published: May 2021

RESUMOO presente artigo analisa as violações aos direitos humanos provocados pelas mineradoras proprietárias das barragens de Mariana e Brumadinho e demonstra a necessidade de responsabilização das empresas inclusive no âmbito internacional. Para tanto se faz necessário, primeiramente, abordar qual foi a dimensão da tragédia em Mariana, esclarecendo quais foram as medidas recomendadas e tomadas que se mostrarem insuficientes para evitar que uma nova tragédia ocorresse em Brumadinho de dimensões ainda maiores quando olhamos a morbidade. Será demonstrado que em ambas as tragédias fora afastado por parte da empresa exploradora de minérios, no que tange a indenização, o principio da centralidade do sofrimento da vítima. Depois, será defendido a necessidade de superação do paradigma estatocêntrico, responsabilizando as empresas transnacionais e o Estado, solidariamente, para que haja uma efetiva proteção aos direitos humanos. A metodologia utilizada foi pesquisa bibliográfica, com utilização de artigos e livros publicados.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direitos Humanos; Empresas mineradoras; Responsabilidade Internacional; Mariana; Brumadinho.ABSTRACTThis article analyses the human rights violations caused by mining companies of Mariana´s and Brumadinho´s dam and shows the need of companies´ liability including internacional scope. At first, it is necessary to approach the dimension of the tragedy in Mariana, clarifying the recommended and taken actions that were inadequate to avoid that a new disaster happened in Brumadinho, a bigger disaster in terms of morbidity. It will be demonstrated that in both tragedies were removed the centrality principle of victims´suffering by the mining companies, in relation to the indemnity. Afterwards, it will be defended the need for overcoming the state-centred paradigma taking full responsability of transnational companies and the State, severally liable, to provide an efective protection to the human rights. The methodology used was bibliographic research, using published articles and books. KEY-WORDS: Human rights; mining companies; International responsability; Mariana; Brumadinho.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE ESTADO E AS ENTIDADES PRIVADAS NA REGULAÇÃO DO COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL POR MEIO DOS REGULAMENTOS E PADRÕES PRIVADOS
Authors: Yurie Dias Patricia
Published: May 2021

RESUMOO trabalho analisa o papel complementar dos regulamentos e padrões privados dos Estados e das entidades não estatais às regras da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC) com o intuito de gerar maior segurança e qualidade para os produtos no âmbito do comércio internacional. A OMC visa promover a liberalização e eliminação da discriminação do comércio internacional. Dessa forma, por meio do estudo de alguns casos submetidos ao Órgão de Solução de Controvérsias (OSC) da OMC, em que pese a maioria dos casos submetidos ao OSC terem tido desfechos distintos, constatou-se que os padrões privados podem complementar as regras da OMC, desde que não sejam medidas protecionistas  disfarçadas de barreiras não tarifárias ao comércio internacional.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito Internacional; Jurisdição Internacional; Padrões privados; Comércio Internacional; OMC.ABSTRACTThe paper examines the complementary role of the private regulations and standards of States and non-state entities to the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in order to promote safety and quality for products in the scope of international trade. The WTO aims to promote the liberalization and elimination of discrimination in international trade. Thus, through the study of some cases submitted to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB), despite the fact that most cases submitted to the DSB had different conclusions, it was found that private standards can complement the rules of the WTO, if they are not protectionist measures disguised as non-tariff barriers to international trade.KEYWORDS: International Law; International Jurisdiction; Private Standards; International Trade; WTO.
O PROBLEMA DA INFLAÇÃO DE DIREITOS: CAUSAS E RISCOS
Authors: Gualtieri André
Published: May 2021

RESUMOEste artigo aborda a inflação de direitos como resultado do surgimento do conceito de autonomia individual na modernidade. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e utilizando-se do método indutivo, o artigo analisa o processo inflacionário pelo qual o direito moderno vem passando. São identificados dois sentidos do conceito de inflação de direitos e se propõe que, no Brasil, ele seja compreendido como um processo de incessante proliferação de direitos e de judicialização de vidas. O princípio da proporcionalidade exerce um papel importante nesse processo. O trabalho aponta as razões pelas quais a inflação de direitos seria um problema e os riscos que ela traz para o Direito enquanto sistema, para os direitos fundamentais e para o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: inflação de direitos; autonomia individual; sistema; direitos fundamentais; dignidade da pessoa humana.ABSTRACT This article addresses the inflation of rights as a result of the emergence of the concept of individual autonomy in modern times. Through bibliographic research and using the inductive method, the article analyzes the inflationary process that modern law has been going through. Two meanings of the concept of inflation of rights are identified and it is proposed that, in Brazil, it be understood as a process of incessant proliferation of rights and judicialization of lives. The principle of proportionality plays an important role in this process. The work points out the reasons why inflation of rights would be a problem and the risks it brings to law as a system, to fundamental rights and to the principle of human dignity.KEYWORDS: rights inflation; individual autonomy; system; fundamental rights; dignity of human person.
REGULAÇÃO ECONÔMICA POR INCENTIVOS E SEUS REFLEXOS NAS AGÊNCIAS REGULADORAS
Authors: De Oliveira Sales Suelen Bianca , Aguiar Esteves Mariana
Published: May 2021

RESUMOO presente trabalho possui como escopo fazer uma breve revisão da leitura sobre a regulação econômica, sob as perspectivas das teorias de regulação econômica destacando a promoção do bem-estar econômico e social pelo governo por meio da política regulatória. O modelo “estado regulador” pode buscar em meio às políticas públicas maior eficiência, modicidade na tarifação, e melhora da qualidade e quantidade na prestação dos serviços públicos. O regime de incentivos e garantias de rentabilidade a longo prazo, muitas vezes torna os serviços públicos pouco atrativos para empreendedores privados, todavia o marco regulatório do modelo de regulação por incentivos é justamente compatibilizar esses interesses conflitantes, com o auxílio de normas que beneficiem empresas com desempenho mais eficiente e penalizem as ineficientes.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Regulação Econômica; Teoria Econômica de Regulação; Políticas Públicas; Eficiência; Sanções Positivas.ABSTRACT The scope of this paper is to make a brief review of the reading on economic regulation, from the perspectives of the theories of economic regulation highlighting the promotion of economic and social welfare by the government through regulatory policy. The "regulatory state" model can seek, in the midst of public policies, greater efficiency, modicity in pricing, and improvement in quality and quantity in the provision of public services. The system of incentives and guarantees of long-term profitability often makes public services unattractive to private entrepreneurs, but the regulatory framework of the incentive regulation model is precisely to reconcile these conflicting interests with the aid of standards that benefit companies with more efficient performance and penalize inefficient ones. KEYWORDS: Economic Regulation; Economic Theory of Regulation; Public Policies; Efficiency; Positive Sanctions.
Correlation of Early Total Leucocyte Count and Red Cell Distribution Width with Outcome in Trauma
Authors: Madineni Bhavana Chowdary , Nadipanna Sreeramulu Patrapalli , Kamisetty Krishna Prasad
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Trauma is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults. Risk stratification in these patients remains challenging even today. There is a need for a readily available simple prognostic method to categorise these patients and predict the morbidity. We intend to measure and correlate red cell distribution width and total leucocyte count in patients presenting with trauma, within 24 hours of injury, with the outcome. METHODS We included 52 haemodynamically stable, previously healthy, trauma patients who were admitted from November 2019 to April 2020, who did not require emergency surgery and analysed them prospectively. Complete blood picture obtained within 24 hours of injury was analysed in terms of correlation with outcome. The outcome was measured in terms of length of hospital stay. Correlations were performed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS There was a statistically significant correlation between total leucocyte count (TLC) and length of hospital stay (P < 0.001). The positive correlation found between red cell distribution width (RDW) and length of hospital stay was not statistically significant. The analysis showed that high leucocyte count and red cell distribution width done within 24 hours of injury, increased patients’ stay in the hospital. CONCLUSIONS TLC and RDW can be used as readily available and simple markers, as an adjunct in early prediction of higher morbidity in patients presenting with trauma. KEY WORDS Injuries, Polytrauma, Blood Cell Count, Leucocytosis, Red Cell Indices
PROGRAMA DE DOCUMENTACIÓN, CONSERVACIÓN Y VALORACIÓN DE LA FLORA NATIVA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL LITORAL
Authors: PENSIERO J. F.
Published: May 2021

Se presenta una síntesis de las acciones que se realizan en el marco del Programa de Documentación, Conservación y Valoración de la Flora Nativa, declarado de Interés Institucional por la Universidad Nacional del Litoral.
EFECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE ÁCIDO NAFTALÉN ACÉTICO SOBRE EL ENRAIZAMIENTO DE ESTACAS LEÑOSAS DE Croton urucurana Baill., Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. Y Paullinia elegans Cambess
Authors: BIGANZOLI M. , CASTRO D. C. , GHÍO N. , GABRIEL P. M. , ÁLVAREZ N. , BUYATTI M. A.
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el enraizamiento de estacas de Croton urucurana Baill., Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. y Paullinia elegans Cambess conocidas en Argentina como “Sangre de drago” (SD), “Horquetero” (TC) y “Ojo de muñeca” (PE), respectivamente. Se recolectaron 200 estacas leñosas por especie; una vez defoliadas se aplicó ácido naftalén acético (ANA) en las siguientes dosis: 0, 1000, 2500 y 3500 mg.L-1 en SD y TC y 0, 500, 1000 y 2500 mg.L-1 en PE. Se evaluó la formación y calidad de raíces y el diámetro de las estacas a la altura del cuello (DAC). En SD las dosis de ANA ≥1000 mg.L-1 aumentaron la probabilidad de enraizamiento de 0,36 a 0,71. En PE hubo baja probabilidad de enraizamiento (0,13) independientemente de la dosis de ANA, pero aumentó en función del DAC. No se observó formación de raíces en TC. La calidad de enraizamiento no fue afectada por la diferentes dosis de ANA, pero sí el DAC en SD.
PRESELECCIÓN DE GERMOPLASMA DE MACROPTILIUM LATHYROIDES (L.) URB. CON TOLERANCIA AL SOMBREADO
Authors: MARINONI L. , SARTOR S. E. , DALEFERRERA I. , ZAVALLA J. M.
Published: May 2021

El estudio de la respuesta al sombreado en especies forrajeras nativas es una estrategia de premejoramiento útil para la selección de los materiales adaptados a los sistemas productivos silvopastoriles, predominantes en la ganadería de cría bovina de Argentina. En el presente estudio se evaluaron caracteres agronómicos y ecoﬁsiológicos en entradas de Macroptilium lathyroides del banco de germoplasma “Ing. Agr. José M. Alonso” de la UNL, en condiciones naturales y artiﬁciales de luz y sombra. La respuesta general estuvo asociada a una estrategia de escape al sombreado, donde las plantas elongaron más los tallos y produjeron mayor área foliar en perjuicio de la biomasa radical y foliar. Sin embargo, se identiﬁcaron entradas cuya biomasa de tallo y raíz no sufrieron modiﬁcaciones signiﬁcativas bajo sombra. No obstante, la conductividad estomática y la tasa fotosintética se vieron afectadas en todas las entradas en condiciones de sombra, independientemente de la biomasa relativa al testigo.
Notes from the Editors, May 2021
Authors: The Editors -
Published: May 2021

buy this issue

In 1884, important figures in England's budding socialist movement broke with the Social Democratic Federation over concealed jingoism and strong support for the British Empire. A similar division within the broad left on the issue of imperialism is threatening to reappear in our time.
Five Characteristics of Neoimperialism
Authors: Enfu Cheng , Baolin Lu
Published: May 2021

Neoimperialism, the specific contemporary phase of historical development, can be summed up on the basis of five key features: the new monopoly of production and circulation; the new monopoly of finance capital; the monopoly of the U.S. dollar and intellectual property; the new monopoly of the international oligarchic alliance; and the economic essence and general trend.
The Paris Commune: Marx, Mao, Tomorrow
Authors: Badiou Alain
Published: May 2021

Today the political visibility of the Paris Commune is not at all evident. At least, that is, if what we mean by "today" is the moment when we have to take up the challenge of thinking politics outside its subjection to the state and outside the framework of parties or party.… And yet the Commune was a political sequence that, precisely, did not situate itself in such a subjection or in such a framework. [To tackle] the political facts and determinations of the Commune…[it is necessary to utilize] a completely different method…[than that of the classical interpretation].
Nostalgia for what never was
Authors: Piercy Marge
Published: May 2021

A new poem by Marge Piercy.
Antioxidant, alpha glucosidase and antibacterial evaluation of Syzygium mytifolium (Roxb.) Walp.
Authors: Abdulrahman Mahmoud
Published: May 2021

Medicinal plants have been the major source of combating and treating infectious diseases and health disorders throughout the ages. To explore new sources of inexpensive and safe antioxidants and antibiotics. The antioxidant and antibacterial potential of different extracts Syzygium mytifolium (Roxb.) Walp. were evaluated through 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ?-glucosidase inhibition, disk diffusion and agar well methods. The leaves, bark, root and whole plant of Syzygium mytifolium were extracted with various solvents viz ethanol, methanol and aqueous to give crude extracts, respectively. Among all, the ethanolic extract showed high antioxidant activity in terms of radical scavenging activity, reducing power and alpha-glucosidase inhibition at 1.84 µg/ml, 40.2 mmol/gm and 14.34 µg/ml, respectively. All the tested parts of the plant exhibited moderate to higher range of antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens with the inhibition zones ranged between 2-27.8 mm. Syzygium mytifolium will serve as a very good source for the development of antioxidant supplements and antibiotics for addressing infectious pathogens and improvement of health status.
The Improvement of Suroboyo Bus Public Transportation Services Based on the Bus Golek Application Innovation in the City of Surabaya Indonesia
Authors: Diana Diana Hertati , Lukman Arif
Published: May 2021

One of the government's duties to fulfill the need for safe, comfortable and affordable public transportation services so as to facilitate the mobilization of the community in carrying out its activities is the Golek Bus Application Service as an innovation in improving public transportation services for users of the Suroboyo Bus service. The purpose of this research is to find out and describe the application innovation Gobis in improving public transportation services Suroboyo Bus in the city of Surabaya by using qualitative research methods with data collection techniques observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques are data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the five attributes of innovation are as follows: 1) Relative advantage in innovation has been carried out optimally because it has advantages over previous innovations, 2) Conformity in the innovation of gobis applications in suroboyo bus services is optimal, but there are still some that need improvement due to the lack of additional routes for lines that match the corridors in the gobis application, 3) The complexity of this new innovation is also good but there are still shortcomings related to the arrival and departure schedules of Suroboyo Bus.