bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital
Authors: Trusda Siti Annisa Devi , Purbaningsih Wida , Budiman Budiman , Fitriadi Siti Salma Nurhaliza
Published: August 2021

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia is high, contributing to the fourth mortality rate for non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. The population of T2DM patients spread across all provinces, including West Java, which is the most populous province in Indonesia. One of the referral hospitals in West Java is Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital in Bandung regency. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of T2DM patients who came to Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital according to age, gender, and comorbidities parameters. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study using secondary data from medical records of T2DM patients between January 2017 and November 2020. The results were the highest prevalence and incidence of T2DM were in 2017 with as many as 5,051 and 653 respectively; the highest gender each year was female, range between 584–3,333, with the highest male: female ratio of 1:2 in 2017; the age group with the highest prevalence was 55–65 years which was 3,468 (39.53%); and top five comorbidities were hypertension (35.68%), cataracts (6.01%), osteoarthritis (3.58%), pulmonary tuberculosis (2.92%) and dyspepsia (2.91%). This study concluded that the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Al-Ihsan Regional General Hospital were high, with the predominant female patients, elderly, and comorbid hypertension. KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD AL-IHSANAngka kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) di Indonesia cukup tinggi, menyumbangkan angka kematian keempat penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia. Penderita DMT2 tersebar di seluruh provinsi, termasuk Jawa Barat yang merupakan provinsi terpadat di Indonesia. Salah satu rumah sakit rujukan di Jawa Barat adalah RSUD Al-Ihsan di Kabupaten Bandung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan karakteristik pasien DMT2 yang datang ke RSUD Al-Ihsan dilihat dari usia, jenis kelamin, dan komorbid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien DMT2 periode Januari 2017 hingga November 2020. Didapatkan bahwa prevalensi dan insidensi DMT2 tertinggi pada tahun 2017 sebesar 5.051 dan 653 masing-masing; jenis kelamin terbanyak pada setiap tahun adalah wanita sebesar 584–3.333 dengan rasio pria:wanita tertinggi 1:2 pada tahun 2017; kelompok usia dengan prevalensi tertinggi adalah 55–65 tahun sebesar 3.468 (39,53%); dan lima komorbid tertinggi adalah hipertensi (35,68%), katarak (6,01%), osteoartritis (3,58%), tuberkulosis paru (2,92%), dan dispepsia (2,91%). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah prevalensi dan insidensi DMT2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan tinggi dengan pasien terbanyak wanita, lanjut usia, dan komorbid hipertensi.
Gambaran Sistem Skoring Tuberkulosis Anak di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Indramayu Tahun 2019
Authors: Rejeki Aisyah Putri , Lantika Uci Ary , Masria Sadeli Masria
Published: August 2021

Indonesia menjadi negara endemis tb dengan prevalensi tb paru anak yang cukup tinggi. Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Kepadatnya penduduk, tingkat pendidikan rendah, pola hidup bersih dan sehat, serta status gizi buruk menjadi risiko tinggi penularan penyakit ini terutama pada anak. Terdapat kesulitan dalam penegakan diagnosis disebabkan oleh kesulitan pengambilan sampel dahak pada anak. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) menggunakan pendekatan sistem skoring dalam mendiagnosis TB paru pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran sistem skoring tuberklosis pada pasien rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Indramayu bulan Januari-Desember tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari 69 rekam medis pasien TB anak mengenai parameter sistem skoring. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 74% pasien didiagnosis TB anak dengan skoring TB ≥6 dan 26% skoring TB <6. Hal ini kemungkinan karena sebagian besar anak yang didiagnosis mengalami gizi buruk. Imunitas yang belum matur juga menjadi salah satu faktor risiko sistem skoring rendah. Simpulan, sistem skoring masih dapat menjadi pendekatan diagnosis TB pada anak. Overview of the Children's Tuberculosis Scoring System at the Bhayangkara Indramayu Hospital in 2019Indonesia is one of the endemic countries for tuberculosis, with a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in children. Tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The density of population, low level of education, low hygiene and healthy lifestyle, and poor nutritional status are the cause of transmission of this disease, especially in children. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is quite difficult due to the difficulty of taking sputum samples in children. For this reason, the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI) uses a scoring system approach in diagnosing pulmonary TB in children. This study aims to determine the tuberculosis scoring system in outpatients at the Bhayangkara Indramayu Hospital in January-December 2019. This study used secondary data obtained from 69 medical records of pediatric TB patients regarding the scoring system parameters. The results showed that patients were diagnosed with TB in children with TB scoring ≥6 (74%) and  TB scoring <6 (26%). These are presumed because most children which diagnosed with TB have malnutrition. Immature immunity is also a risk factor for low scoring system parameters. Conclusion, the scoring can still be a diagnostic approach for TB in children.
Karakteristik Pekerja Industri Tekstil yang Terdiagnosis Kanker di Purwakarta
Authors: Oktaviani Tiara , Sumantri Agung Firmansyah , Risanti Riri
Published: August 2021

Pekerja industri berisiko terkena kecelakaan, kecacatan, dan kematian akibat kerja. Hasil survei dari International Labour Organization menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi terbesar penyebab kematian yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan disebabkan oleh kanker sebesar 8%. Kanker merupakan pertumbuhan sel yang tidak terkontrol diikuti proses invasi ke jaringan sekitar dan penyebaran ke bagian tubuh yang lain. Penyakit ini diketahui berhubungan dengan lingkungan kerja salah satunya industri tekstil karena terpapar oleh zat-zat karsinogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik pasien kanker yang bekerja di industri tekstil berdasar atas usia, jenis kelamin, dan jenis kanker yang terdiagnosis di  RSUD  Bayu Asih dan RS Abdul Radjak Purwakarta tahun 2018 - 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional deskriptif dengan melihat data rekam medis pasien kanker di RSUD Bayu Asih dan RS Abdul Radjak Purwakarta selama periode bulan Januari 2018 – Desember 2019 dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Didapatkan kejadian kanker pada pekerja industri tekstil lebih tinggi pada perempuan 61% daripada laki-laki 39%. Berusia 46 - 55 tahun 58%, usia 36 - 45 tahun 35% dan jenis kankernya yaitu kanker paru 26%, kanker payudara 23%, dan kanker kulit 13%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah mayoritas pekerja industri tekstil yang terdiagnosis kanker adalah perempuan, berusia 46-55 tahun, dan jenis kanker adalah kanker paru dan kanker payudara. Characteristics of Textile Industry Workers Diagnosed with Cancer in Purwakarta Industrial workers are at high risk of accidents, injuries and death due to work. The results from a survey conducted by the International Labor Organization showed that the highest prevalence of occupational causes of death was due to cancer, which was 8%. Cancer is an uncontrolled growth of cells following the invasion of surrounding tissues and spread to the other parts of the body. This diseases are known to be related to the work environment, one of which is the textile industry because they are exposed to carcinogenic substances. This study aims to find out the characteristics of cancer patients who were textile industry workers. They were categorized based on age, gender, and type of cancer diagnosed at Bayu Asih Hospital and Abdul Radjak Purwakarta Hospital in 2018 - 2019. This study used a descriptive observational method by looking at the medical record data of cancer patients at Bayu Asih Hospital and Abdul Radjak Purwakarta Hospital during from January 2019 – December 2019 with a cross sectional design. The result it was found that the incidence of cancer in textile industry workers is higher in women 61% than men 39%. 46 - 55 years old 58%, 36 - 45 years old 35% and the types of cancer are lung cancer 26%, breast cancer 23%, and skin cancer 13%. In conclusion the majority of textile industry workers diagnosed with cancer are female, aged 46 - 55 years, and the most common type of cancer is lung and breast cancer.
Karakteristik Pasien dengan Nodul Tiroid di Rumah Sakit Al-Ihsan Bandung
Authors: Saputri Yuyun , Nur Ismet Muchtar , Damayanti Meta Maulida
Published: August 2021

Nodul tiroid merupakan kasus yang dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai jenis gangguan kelenjar tiroid dan masih sering ditemukan. Sekitar 90% nodul tiroid bersifat jinak dan 10% bersifat ganas. Di Indonesia data statistik mengenai nodul tiroid masih sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik pasien dengan nodul tiroid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Data didapatkan melalui rekam medis tahun 2018–2019 di Rumah Sakit Al-Ihsan Bandung dan didapatkan 72 rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang dilakukan periode tahun 2018–2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi tertinggi berdasar atas usia terdapat kelompok usia 40 - 49 tahun 32%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasar atas jenis kelamin terdapat pada pasien perempuan 90%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasar atas ukuran nodul tiroid terdapat pada kelompok >4 cm 72%. Frekuensi tertinggi berdasar atas gambaran histopatologi berupa adenomatoid goiter 74%. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan frekuensi tertinggi terjadi nodul tiroid terdapat pada usia 40-49 tahun, perempuan, ukuran nodul tiroid >4 cm dan jenis adenomatoid goiter. Hal ini terjadi karena imunitas dan daya tahan tubuh seseorang menjadi menurun seiring dengan usia yang bertambah. Pada perempuan risiko penyakit nodul tiroid dapat meningkat dengan penggunaan hormon estrogen pada kontrasepsi oral, pada kehamilan, serta perubahan siklus menstruasi. Characteristics of  Patients with Thyroid Nodule at the Al-Ihsan Hospital BandungThyroid nodule is a disease that can be caused by various disorders. About 90% of thyroid nodules are benign and 10% are malignant. In Indonesian, statistical data for thyroid nodules are still limit. The porpose of this study was to collect the characteristics of patients with thyroid nodules at the Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung. This study used a observational descriptive method using total sampling technique. Data were obtained through medical records for January 2018–December 2019 at Al-Ihsan Hospital and obtained 72 medical records that met the inclusion criteria the study was held during January 2018–December 2019. The results showed that the highest frequency based on age was found in the 40 - 49 years age group at 32%. The highest frequency based on gender was found in female patients by 90%. The highest frequency based on the size of thyroid nodules was found in the group >4 cm at 72%. The highest frequency based on histopathological features was found in adenomatoid goiter by 74%. The conclusions in this study indicate that the highest frequency of thyroid nodules occurs at the age of 40 - 49 years, women, thyroid nodule size >4 cm and adenomatoid goiter type. This happens because a person's immunity and body resistance decrease with age. In women, the risk of thyroid nodule disease can increase with the use of the hormone estrogen in oral contraceptives, in pregnancy and changes in the menstrual cycle.
PEMODELAN MULTILEVEL UNTUK DATA KONSUMSI ENERGI LISTRIK
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin , Fadhli Fadhli , Fitri Juraida
Published: August 2021

Pemodelan multilevel merupakan suatu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk memodelkan data yang mengandung struktur hirarki seperti data konsumsi energi listrik di Provinsi Aceh. Struktur hirarki dalam pemodelan multilevel disebut sebagai level, dimana struktur level pada data konsumsi energi listrik ini terdapat pada daya terpasang yang tersarang pada sektor pelanggan, dan sektor pelanggan tersarang pada area kerja PT. PLN (Persero) Wilayah Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari variabel penjelas pada level 1 (daya terpasang, jumlah pelanggan, dan daya tersambung), variansi level 2 (sektor pelanggan), dan variansi level 3 (area kerja) tehadap konsumsi listrik di Provinsi Aceh. Model yang sesuai untuk memodel konsumsi energi listrik di Provinsi Aceh adalah model regresi (3-level) dengan nilai deviance, AIC, dan BIC terkecil secara berturut-turut sebesar 37402,42, 37476,41, dan 37682,99. Adanya pengaruh variansi dari sektor pelanggan dan area kerja PT. PLN (Persero) Wilayah Aceh menyatakan bahwa variabel daya terpasang 27 (Industri: > 200 kVA), 36 (Publik: > 200 kVA, 37 (Publik: penerangan jalan umum), 51 (RT: 450 VA), 52 (RT: 900 VA),  (jumlah pelanggan), dan  (jumlah daya tersambung) berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi energi listrik di Provinsi Aceh
The Identification of Persuasive Educational Message About Covid-19 Issue in New Media
Authors: Pratiwi Mutia Rahmi , Boer Kheyene Molekandella , Dyatmika Teddy , Yusriana Amida
Published: August 2021

Indonesia has becoming one of the countries with highest rate in Covid-19 transmission and part of 15 biggest countries in the world with highest death rate because of it. Various efforts have been conducting to persuade people such as delivering the Covid-19 education messages by new media TikTok.  This research is a qualitative research with content analysis as the method. The object choosen are three video in new media TikTok that come from the point of view of the health workers, family of the health workers and society. The theory used is The Persuasive Theory. The results show that the persuasive carried out through the research object used an evidence-based approach, using humor and based on diction. Based on diction is carried out from the side of the health worker family members. Based on the evidence is carried out from the point of view of people affected by the virus. The humor approach is carried out from the perspective of medical personnel. The message structure contained in the video object shows uniformity, including the presentation of messages consisting of one-sided, the order in which the message is presented using the climax flow and drawing conclusions that indicate the message is expressed or addressed directly.
Strategi Peningkatan Penghimpunan Wakaf Melalui Kegiatan Dakwah di Pesantren Baitul Hidayah
Authors: Suhendi Hendi , Arif M. Fauzi , M. Sholeh N Sausan
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT This study examines strategies to increase the collection of waqf through Islamic Da'wah activities. This is important to do, considering the Baitul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School has a large potential for waqf while the ongoing collection of waqf has not yet reached the expected target. This study aims to find a solution in the form of a strategy to increase the collection of waqf by utilizing da'wah activities as a way of socialization and promotion. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study, while the data sources are obtained directly in the field (field research). The research approach uses case studies with data collection techniques through interviews, documentation studies and field observations. The results of this study recommend strategies for increasing the collection of waqf through: (i) Optimizing the role of dai as a marketing of waqf. (ii) fulltime managing human resources. (iii) Improvement of Facilities and Infrastructure. (iv) Creating a creative collection program. (v) Standardization of Data Management. (vi) Improvement of convenience services and activity reports.Keywords: Collection, Waqf, Da'wah and Islamic boarding schools.   ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang strategi peningkatan penghimpunan wakaf melalui kegiatan Dakwah Islam. Hal ini penting dilakukan, mengingat Pesantren Baitul Hidayah memiliki potensi wakaf yang cukup besar sementara penghimpunan wakaf yang berjalan belum mencapai target yang diharapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan solusi berupa strategi peningkatan penghimpunan wakaf dengan memanfaatkan kegiatan-kegiatan dakwah sebagai jalan sosialisasi dan promosi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, adapun sumber data diperoleh langsung di lapangan (field research). Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, studi dokumentasi dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan strategi peningkatan penghimpunan wakaf melalui : (i) Optimalisasi peran dai sebagai marketing wakaf. (ii) SDM pengelola fulltime. (iii) Peningkatan Sarana dan Prasarana. (iv) Menciptakan Program penghimpunan yang kreatif. (v) Standarisasi Pengelolaan Data. (vi) Peningkatan layanan kemudahan dan laporan kegiatan.Kata Kunci: Penghimpunan, Wakaf, Dakwah dan Pesantren.
STRATEGY OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TEACHERS IN OVERCOMING STUDENTS' PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS
Authors: Musa M.
Published: August 2021

Learning strategies that emphasize the process of delivering material verbally from a teacher to a group of students with the intention that students can master the learning material optimally, Students are not required to find the material, Obstacles in learning occur due to human factors, namely teachers and participants students, institutional factors namely classrooms, and instructional namely lack of props.
THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TEACHERS IN IMPLANTING ISLAMIC VALUES FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Misranik Misranik
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the Islamic and the responsibility of Islamic religious education teachers in instilling Islamic values in students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. In obtaining data researchers used interview, observation, and documentation methods. The results of this study concluded that: 1) The forms of Islamic values that are applied, the value of faith, the value of worship, and the value of morals. 2) Supporting factors for Islamic Religious Education teachers in instilling Islamic values in students, namely, the existence of a community in a very religious school environment, besides that it has full support from the principal and school committee, an appropriate school vision and mission, and existence Mentoring. 3) PAI teachers have carried out their duties and obligations as well as their responsibilities as PAI teachers to instill Islamic values in students, and all comply with the existing curriculum in schools, and Islamic religious education teachers in instilling Islamic values in students with habituation. 4) The results of Islamic activities, it can be seen that all students wear a headscarf for those who are Muslim, their behavior and behavior are also good, as well as many Islamic achievements achieved.
EXPLORATION OF THE VALUE OF LOCAL WISDOM OF THE CIRENDEU INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY AS A SOURCE OF ISLAMIC CHARACTER EDUCATION
Authors: Taja Nadri , Sartika Rika
Published: August 2021

The life of the Cirendeu indigenous people has become one of the village icons with a unique culture that is diverse in their customs and traditions. The culture of this community is classified as still holding a fairly strong tradition from its ancestors, marked by socio-cultural conditions which are prerequisite for the values of local wisdom. So that the complex substance of the values of local wisdom in the Cirendeu community can be revealed as a source of Islamic character education in this study. This research uses ethnographic methods to explore the values of local wisdom in the Cirendeu indigenous people. The results show that in the religious aspect, there are four main points, namely the prohibition of taking the rights of others, the prohibition on imposing other people's beliefs, mutual cooperation and tolerance. In the socio-cultural aspect, it shows that the indigenous people of Cirendeu are principled and adhere to the old traditions and follow the flow of changing times (protecting the time of the era). Meanwhile, the source of Islamic character education from the indigenous Cirendeu community refers to the meaning of symbolic, empirical, aesthetic, ethical, synoetic, and synoptic life.
AsdamarinTM relieves functional dyspepsia in healthy adults in only 7 days: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study
Authors: David Daguet , Sudeep Heggar Venkataramana , Justin V Thomas , Shyam Prasad Kodimule
Published: August 2021

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent global health concern increasing with years. Inspired by the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) liver-stomach disharmony syndrome in order to find a quick natural alternative treatment, a Ferula asafoetida-Silybum marianum (Asdamarin™) combined extract has been developed and proved its rapid efficiency and its safety with a 7-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study (CTRI/2018/05/013993 dated 21/05/2018) conducted on 70 healthy human volunteers (aged 18–60 years) supplemented with 250 mg / twice a day of either a placebo or Asdamarin™. Subjects were evaluated from baseline to the end of the study (EOS) through changes in Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), changes in Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score (GDSS) and changes in the short form of Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI-SF) for Quality of Life. Compared to the baseline a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of GDSS questionnaire score was noted in the Asdamarin™ group (from 5.66 ± 3.1 at baseline to 5.09 ± 2.8 at the End Of Study (EOS)) compared to placebo group (from 2.77 ± 1.3 baseline to 2.69 ± 1.3 EOS), a significant decrease (p < 0.001) of GSRS score noted in the Asdamarin™ group (from 32.11 ± 8.6 baseline to 19.11 ± 5.4 EOS) compared to the placebo group (from 25.23 ± 3.6 baseline to 23.2 ± 4.9 EOS), and a significant reduction (p < 0.001) of NDI-SF scoring was noted in the Asdamarin™ group (from 15.74 ± 4.1 baseline to 11.54 ± 2.1 EOS) compared to placebo group (from 12.54 ± 3.2 baseline to 11.63 ± 2.6 EOS). Asdamarin™ has been found safe and very well tolerated during the study.
Application and utility of alternative methods in isolation of pure cells from forensic biological mixtures in modern-day: a review
Authors: Suneel Prajapati , Poonam Rajmane , P Jayakrishna , Maya S Nair , Priyanka Kshirsagar , Mukul Meshram
Published: August 2021

Development of genetic profiles from the biological mixtures has remained challenging, although modern-day technologies may help forensic scientists to attain a reliable genetic profile in the identification of the accused. In the case of rape, vaginal swab exhibits usually contain epithelial cells of victims and sperm cells of accused, such samples are more challenging when there is more than one contributor. In such cases, separation of distinct cells from a mixture that includes blood cells, epithelial cells and sperm cells for their single genetic profile is important. In the last ten decades several new techniques were developed and invented for the separation of single cell from the biological mixture that includes differential lysis, laser micro-dissection, cell sorting (FACS), sieve-based filtration, (vi) micro-fluidic devices or immunomagnetic beads cell separation of fresh samples, and the magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). Out of them, some techniques have been commonly applied for cell separation in forensic biology. Each technique has its own limitation. Some recent studies showed, magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS), laser capture microdissection (LCM), DEPArray technology and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) has proved to be effective in separation of single cell from cell mixtures. Therefore, in this review we have evaluated these four alternative methods and their potential application in the modern-day over the others for the separation of a single cell from the mixture. In this review we also discuss the advantage of these methods and their modern–day applicability and acceptance in the forensic world.
Victim of violent death: what is the role of alcoholemia?
Authors: Ivan Dieb Miziara , Silvia Molleis Galego Carmen Miziara
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The tendency to impulsive behaviors and/or violence is exacerbated after alcohol consumption. Still, the relation between alcohol/violent deaths reported in the literature is not accurate, and in general, alcohol is only seen as a trigger to aggressive actions. The relationship of the victims with their blood alcohol is less studied. They were especially concerned about the role of alcohol as a risk factor for victims of unnatural death. Thus, our goal is to check the influence of alcohol in victims of violent deaths as homicides, suicides, and accidents. Materials and methods: Retrospectively the medical records of 805 autopsies performed at the Institute of Forensic Medicine (IML) of Franco da Rocha, in the period 2001 to 2017 were reviewed. The variables studied were sex, age, types of violent death rates, and alcohol - these were considered positive when above 0.3 mg/ml. The dosage of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was performed using samples of 10 ml of blood collected at necropsy, is preferably taken from the cardiac chambers or of the right femoral vein. Dosages of alcohol in blood samples were done in the Forensic Toxicology Center of the IML by gas chromatography, using the technique of separation “headspace” and double column. Results: Drug testing for alcohol was available for 488 (79.1%) of 617 necropsies. Of the 617 subjects studied, 532 (85.7%) were male, and 85 (13.8%) were females (with high rates of adolescents). The vast majority (n = 230) were killed, and 40.5% of victims had BAC above 0.3 mg/ml of blood. Traffic accidents came next, accounting for 181 deaths, with 41% of victims presenting positive BAC. Discussion: High blood alcohol levels of the victims were associated mainly with the genesis of accidents (drowning, falls, traffic, aspiration/ smothering) and murder (with impaired ability to resist or by causing the release of impulses to engage in violent situations), about 40% of cases. Conclusion: Our results indicate that alcohol abuse is a risk factor for victims of violent death. In these cases, alcohol has two types of action. Direct: contributes to accidents of various kinds - from traffic by decreasing powers of concentration, attention, and loss of reflexes, to other types of accidents such as drowning, falls, swallowing disorders causing airway obstruction, and mechanical asphyxia. And they were indirect, making it easier for individuals to engage in conflict (and thus become victims of crimes).
Propriedade e povos originários: limites e possibilidades da posse coletiva como garantia de maior efetividade da Constituição Federal de 1988
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Antônio , Rodrigues Andréa Lúcia Cavararo , Urquiza Antonio Hilário Aguilera
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo é fruto do projeto de pesquisa em andamento, intitulado “A Dinâmica Migratória dos Povos Tradicionais Fronteiriços no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e os Reflexos da Mensagem de Veto nº 163/2017”, o qual se insere em projeto mais amplo (OGUATA GUASU E TERRITÓRIO: Uma análise antropológica da mobilidade Guarani nas fronteiras de Mato Grosso do Sul), financiado pelo CNPq. O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar as diferenças e significações da propriedade para o Estado e para os povos originários em uma perspectiva jurídico-antropológica. A hipótese de pesquisa baseia-se na seguinte indagação: é possível instituir a propriedade ou a posse coletiva em prol dos povos originários? Por meio da análise do problema a partir dos diversos fatores que o compõem, a complexidade representa todo um tecido de acontecimentos, ações, interações, determinações e acasos que constituem o mundo fenomênico. Como resultado parcial, a pesquisa demonstra que o naturalismo jurídico foi a base ideológica que influenciou a formação de leis e posicionou os indígenas como usufrutuários dos territórios que já lhes pertenciam, cujas consequências se refletem atualmente por meio da ineficácia de disposições constitucionais em face de direitos fundamentais dos povos originários. Através do método indutivo e da utilização de fontes bibliográficas, documentais, doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais, este trabalho buscará atingir o seu objetivo.
A descolonialidade e o paradigma da vida concreta na restauração dos direitos na América Latina
Authors: Veloso Kellyana Bezerra de Lima , Santana Raquel Páscoa da Veiga Frade
Published: August 2021

O intenso processo de extermínio dos povos indígenas e assimilação forçada da cultura nacional/moderna dizimou grande parte das populações originárias do Continente Americano. Mesmo após a independência das colônias, existe a continuidade do poder colonial, agora, sob outra faceta, e fora das estruturas formais político-jurídicas, que atuam na intersubjetividade dos imaginários sociais, por meio da dominação, da exploração e do conflito. Esse novo padrão de poder é denominado de colonialidade do poder e toma o conceito de raça para dominar e subalternizar os povos indígenas, restringindo seus direitos e modos de viver. A colonialidade agiu não somente sobre as terras e os recursos dela provindos, mas também sobre a produção de conceitos e do imaginário social provocando uma violenta destruição das culturas e das formas de existir na América Latina. O branco/europeu foi identificado como referência, olhando-se tudo a partir desta condição, desta posição que organiza as percepções de mundo segundo as suas categorias únicas e legitimamente válidas. A categoria da colonialidade foi utilizada para pensar a interpretação e aplicação dos direitos dos povos indígenas, sendo que a correlação entre direito e colonialidade revela efeitos práticos a partir da (não)efetivação dos direitos, verificando-se a situação-condição dos povos indígenas involucra na violência e no risco de extermínio colonial. Neste sentido, a crítica de Enrique Dussel, sobre a negação da vida dos excluídos, que se encontram na exterioridade do sistema mundo, é fundamental, requerendo a urgente necessidade de rompimento com essa lógica e a construção de um outro mundo possível e factível.
A decolonização da Bioética na América Latina
Authors: De Azeredo Orselli Helena Maria Zanetti
Published: August 2021

Nesta pesquisa, analisa-se a Bioética na América Latina como alternativa ao universalismo moral proposto pela Bioética principialista. Empregaram-se os métodos de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa descritiva, bem como as técnicas de investigação bibliográfica, fichamentos, categorias, referentes, e análise de conteúdo do material. A Bioética consiste na reflexão ética acerca da conduta humana e suas consequências sobre a vida de todos os seres vivos. A extrema desigualdade socioeconômica existente na América Latina decorre do fato de que, com o fim da colonização europeia, os poderes políticos e econômicos locais mantiveram relações de dominação sobre grande parte da população local, em especial os negros, os nativos e seus descendentes. Manteve-se igualmente a imitação dos modos de vida e a reprodução dos conhecimentos europeus. A Bioética latino-americana deve atentar ao fato de que as realidades locais são diferentes das dos países centrais, portanto as teorias lá desenvolvidas não são suficientes para resolver os problemas locais. A Bioética que se desenvolve na América Latina defende que apenas a redução das desigualdades socioeconômicas e a melhoria das condições de acesso aos bens básicos à vida digna, por meio de políticas públicas, levam à efetiva libertação das condições precárias da vida e ao livre desenvolvimento das potencialidades.
Identidade e pertencimento: quando a natureza, sujeito de direito, promove o direito dos sujeitos
Authors: Silva Maria Angelita da , Ferreira Jarliane Da Silva , Mori Nerli Nonato Ribeiro
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O problema da identidade e pertencimento é o tema desse artigo. Discute-se o pressuposto da natureza como sujeito de direito. O objetivo dessa reflexão é destacar o conceito de sujeito de direito ampliada, para além da base antropocêntrica, voltada essencialmente ao homem como proprietário, o que não o exime da condição de mercadoria, já que vende sua força de trabalho no capitalismo. Para além disso, o conceito de sujeito pode sofrer uma alteração drástica, do ponto de vista de sua ampliação, se tomarmos, por exemplo, o caso Rio Vilacamba, no Equador, o primeiro processo judicial em que se reconheceu a Natureza como sujeito de direito. Busca-se desenvolver um debate, onde a racionalidade indígena, em sua relação mítica com a natureza, promova, a partir de uma linguagem comum, um novo diálogo com a natureza, a partir do seu reconhecimento como um sujeito capaz de demandar, no sentido de ajustar-se à ação antropocêntrica e emitir sinais, reconhecíveis por seus interlocutores, que apontem para ações e ajustes necessários à convivência com os seres humanos. O referencial teórico está baseado em autores como Prigogine e Eliade – para as questões relativas à construção de um novo diálogo com a natureza, Foucault, Marx e Sartre para o conceito de sujeito, além do jurista Hans Kelsen, para as questões referentes ao conceito de sujeito de direito.
Lutas políticas e movimentos de resistência no Sistema Africano de Direitos Humanos: o caso da orientação sexual
Authors: Garrido Rui
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o retrocesso no Sistema Africano de Direitos Humanos, na medida em que o sistema entrou em campos politicamente sensíveis como é a orientação sexual. Criada pela Carta Africana dos Direitos Humanos e dos Povos, a Comissão Africana dos Direitos Humanos e dos Povos tem o mandato de proteger, promover e interpretar os direitos e deveres consagrados na Carta Africana. No entanto, a pressão política do Conselho Executivo da União Africana ameaça minar a independência e o mandato da Comissão. Ao mapear os desenvolvimentos entre a Comissão e o Conselho Executivo no caso da Coalition of African Lesbians, este artigo analisa a evolução e a resistência do sistema africano dos direitos humanos face à pressão política hostil. Analise igualmente os argumentos evocados, nomeadamente a alegada jurisdição conflitual entre a Comissão e o Tribunal de direitos humanos. Conclui que os órgãos políticos estão a minar o sistema africano de direitos humanos em benefício das agendas políticas dos Estados.
Headscarf and Veiling
Glimpses from Sumer to Islam
Authors: Del Fabbro Roswitha , Fales Frederick Mario , Galter Hannes D.
Published: August 2021

This volume – which stems from an international conference held at the University of Graz on March 2, 2020, just before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic – represents a small, but specifically targeted contribution to a field of research and discussion that has increasingly come to the fore in the last two decades, regarding the practice of covering or veiling womens’ heads or faces over different times and places. “Dress is never value free”, as anthropologists state, and veiling functions as an assertion/communication of relationship dynamics in terms of gender, social and cultural identity, phases and stages of life (puberty, marriage, death) or of religious beliefs – even reaching to a typical dichotomy of our times, the female condition between tradition and modernity.
Effects of castration on IFN-γ and TNF-α expression in the adrenal gland of Angora goat
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Tuğrul , CEYLAN Ahmet , BAYRAKTAROĞLU Alev Gürol , ÖZEN Asuman , TÜTÜNCÜ Şerife
Published: August 2021

In the adrenal gland, there is a mutual interaction between the cells in the cortex and medulla and the cells of the immune system. Sex hormones regulate immune cell functions as well as reproductive and metabolic processes throughout life. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a cytokine that regulates the maturation and differentiation of many cell types. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays an important role in various physiological and pathophysiological processes and orchestrates cytokines. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of castration on the expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the adrenal gland of Angora goat. A total of 16 Angora goat kids were used as material for the study. Healthy animals were selected for the study by clinical examination. At an average age of 75 days, eight animals were randomly selected from the institute herd and castrated. 85 days after castration (after approximately 160 days old), eight control and eight castrated Angora goats were slaughtered and their adrenal glands were removed. In the analysis of each group, IFN-γ expression was found in the cytoplasm of cells in the adrenal cortex and medulla. The adrenal glands of the castrated group showed a decrease in IFN-γ expression in the zona fasciculata. A distinct brown staining was seen in the cytoplasm of TNF-α-positive responsive secretory cells. TNF-α expression was found to be increased in the zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adrenal gland in the castrated group. Accordingly, androgen hormone deficiency was able to increase TNF-α expression, whereas it did not significantly affect IFN-γ expression in the adrenal tissue of the Angora goat.
Some Foodborne and Waterborne Protozoa
Authors: DİNÇ Güneş
Published: August 2021

Pathogenic parasites including helminths and protozoa are responsible for foodborne diseases in developed and developing countries. Reports of foodborne and waterborne protozoan infections are very rare. Food and waterborne zoonotic protozoa and their transmission stages are listed in this review and it is aimed to give brief information about the food-borne zoonotic protozoa.
Yield and protein content in grain of winter triticale collection samples
Authors: Ponomarev Sergey N. , Ponomareva Mira L. , Mannapova Gulnaz S. , Ilalova Lubov V.
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study is to characterize winter triticale samples by protein content in grain and productivity, to identify sources of high protein content and high grain yield for use in breeding process. Experimental work was carried out in the conditions of Tatarstan Republic in 2013-2017. The collection of 93 varieties of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the Federal Research Center “All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources"(VIR) was evaluated in field trials. Wide genetic diversity of the studied gene pool was demonstrated by grain protein content (11.69...16.15 %) and grain yield (277...579 g/m2). Protein content and grain yield were mostly determined by the growing conditions – the factor “year” (58.1 % and 61.8 %, respectively), with a relatively small share of the factor “genotype” (23.9 % and 15.4 %, respectively). Significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotype and by year, was observed. There were identified 19 sources of high protein content in grain (over 14.5 %) and 17 sources of high grain yield (over 510 g/m2), which showed a significant excess of the standard Bashkirskaya korotkostebelnaya. A group of samples with a relatively high protein content (13.8 ... 14.1 %) and yield higher than the average value (450...500 g/m2) was identified. The highest breeding value among the sources of high yield was shown by samples Zimogor, Kornet, Privada, Vodoley, 3/9 oh Ag 4418, and among the sources of high protein content – Kurskaya stepnaya, Mir, Student, Svyatozar. The listed variety samples additionally possessed a complex of positive features: high ear productivity, high full-scale weight and large grains. In varieties Dokuchaevsky 8 and Privada there was noted a favorable combination of significantly high levels of yield (542 and 527 g/m2, respectively) and protein content in the grain (14.28 and 13.93 %, respectively). The finding of a reliable moderate negative correlation (r = -0.682) between yield and grain protein content indicates that grain protein content can be increased by breeding methods at relatively high or medium yields of varieties.
Study of collection accessions of the fiber flax gene pool according to the main agronomic characters in the conditions of the North-West of the Russian Federation
Authors: Stepin Aleksander D. , Rysev Michail N. , Ryseva Tamara A. , Utkina Svetlana V. , Romanova Nadezhda V.
Published: August 2021

Studies on the evaluation of 20 fiber flax accessions of Russian, Chinese, Japanese and Polish breeding from the collection of the Federal Research Center "All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N. I. Vavilov" (VIR) were conducted in 2018-2020 in order to identify the sources of agronomic valuable characters that are adaptive to the conditions of the North-West of the Russian Federation. The HTC for the growing season in 2018 was 0.95, in 2019 – 1.53 and in 2020-1.1. Abiotic conditions had a greater influence on the formation of plant height (59.6 %), seed yield (60 %) and fiber content in plants (55.1 %), but the influence of the genotype on these indicators was also significant. The effect size of the genotype prevailed in the formation of fiber yield (67.2 %) and the duration of the growing season (52.8 %). The variability of characters was the greatest according to the seed yield (V = 6.7-33.9 %), disease resistance (V = 3.1-26.5 %); the lowest one was noted according to the duration of the growing season (V = 4.4-9.7 %). For the rest characters, it was at the level of up to 20 %. A valuable and plastic source material was identified for practical breeding aimed at creating new varieties with the following characters: early maturity – K-8680 (Russia), K-8782, K-8783 (Japan), which matured 3 days earlier than the Dobrynya standard and had a growing period of 67 days; productivity – K-8651, K-8760, K-8795, K-8797, K-8874, K-8877 (China), which significantly exceeded the fiber yield of the Dobrynya variety (241 g/m2) by 8-14 %. There were identified genotypes significantly exceeding the standard: according to the plant height (82 cm) ‒ K-8681 (Russia), K-8751, K-8794, K-8795, K-8754 (China) ‒ by 12-25 %; yield of flax straw (241 g/m2) – K-8681 (Russia), K-8751, K-8794, K-8795, K-8874, K-8880 (China) – by 25-40 %; seed yield (149 g/m2) ‒ K-8680 (Russia), K-8772 (Poland), K-8782 (Japan) – by 10-23 %; resistance to lodging (9 samples) and diseases (7 samples). Use of the identified gene sources in breeding practice should accelerate the creation of varieties that provide high and stable yields.
Identification of Burkholderia and Penicillium isolates from kauri (Agathis australis) soils that inhibit the mycelial growth of Phytophthora agathidicida
Authors: Byers Alexa-Kate , Condron Leo , O'Callaghan Maureen , Waipara Nick , Black Amanda
Published: August 2021

Phytophthora agathidicida is a highly virulent pathogen of kauri (Agathis australis) and the causal agent of dieback disease in New Zealand’s kauri forests. This study aimed to identify microbial isolates isolated from kauri forest soils that inhibited the growth of P. agathidicida. Three different forms of in vitro bioassays were used to assess the inhibition of each isolate on the mycelial growth of P. agathidicida. Furthermore, head space (HS) solid-phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GCMS) was performed to identify if the microbial isolates emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may be contributing to inhibition. This research identified several bacterial isolates belonging to the genus Burkholderia that inhibited the mycelial growth of P. agathidicida. Furthermore, several VOCs produced by these isolates were putatively identified, which may be responsible for the inhibition observed in the bioassays. Several isolates of Penicillium were identified that inhibit Phytophthora agathidicida, with the culture filtrate of one isolate being found to strongly inhibit P. agathidicida mycelial growth. These isolates of Burkholderia and Penicillium appear to exhibit multiple modes of antagonism against P. agathidicida, including microbial competition and the production of diffusible and volatile anti-microbial compounds. Although further research is needed to better define their mechanisms of inhibition, these findings have identified candidate microbial antagonists of P. agathidicida.
Role of molecular and metabolic defects in impaired performance of dystrophic skeletal muscles
Authors: Bhullar Sukhwinder K. , Nusier Mohamad , Shah Anureet K. , Dhalla Naranjan S.
Published: August 2021

There occurs a progressive weakness and wastage of skeletal muscle in different types of muscular dystrophy. The loss of muscle fibers in dystrophic muscle with impaired function is associated with leakage of intracellular enzymes, maldistribution of electrolyte content and metabolic defects in myocytes. Marked increases in the sarcolemma (SL) Na+-K+ ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ecto ATPase activities, as well as depressions in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-uptake and Ca2+-pump ATPase activities were seen in dystrophic muscles of a hamster model of myopathy. In addition, impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and decrease in the high energy stores as a consequence of mitochondrial Ca2+-overload were observed in these myopathic hamsters. In some forms of muscular dystrophy, it has been shown that deficiency of dystrophin produces marked alterations in the SL permeability and promotes the occurrence of intracellular Ca2+-overload for inducing metabolic defects, activation of proteases and contractile abnormalities in dystrophic muscle. Increases in SR Ca2+-release channels, SL Na+-Ca2+ exchanger and SL store-operated Ca2+-channels have been reported to induce Ca2+-handling abnormalities in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy. Furthermore, alterations in lipid metabolism and development of oxidative stress have been suggested as mechanisms for subcellular remodeling and cellular damage in dystrophic muscle. Although, several therapeutic interventions including gene therapy are available, these treatments neither fully prevent the course of development of muscular disorder nor fully improve the function of dystrophic muscle. Thus, extensive reasearch work with some novel inhibitors of oxidative stress, SL Ca2+-entry systems such as store-operated Ca2+-channels, Na+-Ca2+ exchanger and Ca2+/Mg2+-ecto ATPase (Ca2+-gating mechanism), as well as SR Ca2+-release and Ca2+-pump systems needs to be carried out in combination of gene therapy for improved beneficial effects in muscular dystrophy.
Drugi Beograd ili drugi Bandung? Jugoslavija i borba za prevlast unutar Trećeg sveta (1962–1965)
Authors: Čavoški Jovan
Published: August 2021

This paper deals with a largely forgotten historical episode when, in the early 1960s, two groups of nations, one headed by Yugoslavia and India and the other by Indonesia and China, bitterly fought for supremacy in the Third World. This intensive competition for leadership was most visible in numerous diplomatic activities directed at convening, at the earliest possible time, a non-aligned or an Afro-Asian conference, the so-called Second Belgrade or Second Bandung. Each in its own manner, these two conferences represented the ideological and political strivings of the countries embedded in these two camps, i.e. embodied their respective visions of the role and future of the world standing between the two superpower blocs.