bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysing global professional gender gaps using LinkedIn advertising data
Authors: Kashyap Ridhi , Verkroost Florianne C. J.
Published: July 2021

Although women’s participation in tertiary education and the labour force has expanded over the past decades, women continue to be underrepresented in technical and managerial occupations. We analyse if gender inequalities also manifest themselves in online populations of professionals by leveraging audience estimates from LinkedIn’s advertisement platform to explore gender gaps among LinkedIn users across countries, ages, industries and seniorities. We further validate LinkedIn gender gaps against ground truth professional gender gap indicators derived from the International Labour Organization’s (ILO) Statistical Database, and examine the feasibility and biases of predicting global professional gender gap indicators using gender gaps computed from LinkedIn’s online population. We find that women are significantly underrepresented relative to men on LinkedIn in countries in Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, among older individuals, in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields and higher-level managerial positions. Furthermore, a simple, aggregate indicator of the female-to-male ratio of LinkedIn users, which we term the LinkedIn Gender Gap Index (GGI), shows strong positive correlations with ILO ground truth professional gender gaps. A parsimonious regression model using the LinkedIn GGI to predict ILO professional gender gaps enables us to expand country coverage of different ILO indicators, albeit with better performance for general professional gender gaps than managerial gender gaps. Nevertheless, predictions generated using the LinkedIn population show some distinctive biases. Notably, we find that in countries where there is greater gender inequality in internet access, LinkedIn data predict greater gender equality than the ground truth, indicating an overrepresentation of high status women online in these settings. Our work contributes to a growing literature seeking to harness the ‘data revolution’ for global sustainable development by evaluating the potential of a novel data source for filling gender data gaps and monitoring key indicators linked to women’s economic empowerment.
A Case of Metastatic Uterine Tumor Originating from Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Mimicking Uterine Sarcoma
Authors: Fujima Mariko , Kobayashi Yoichi , Watanabe Momoe , Shibuya Hiromi , Matsumoto Hironori , Nishigaya Yoshiko , Momomura Mai , Yoshiike Shinya , Nagahama Kiyotaka , Shibahara Junji , Suzuki Atsushi
Published: July 2021

Metastatic uterine tumors originating from extragenital cancers are a rare clinical occurrence. We report a case of metastatic uterine cancer derived from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) that necessitated surgical treatment. The patient was a 59 y/o female who had undergone chemotherapy for stage IIIB SCLC. A 15 cm uterine tumor lesion was initially detected on CT scans. The patient had previously been diagnosed with uterine fibroids, but compared to the most recent CT scans taken one and a half months earlier, imaging diagnosis revealed a sudden increase in the size of the tumor when compared to the 8 cm myoma fibroid noted previously. Additional work-up with MRI scans revealed T2-enhanced images of a tumor that had almost completely invaded the myometrium; the tumor presented with marked diffusion-weighted enhancement, and a flow void was noted within the tumor. A differential diagnosis of uterine sarcoma was considered, but due to the lack of focal hemorrhage or necrosis findings on MRI imaging, the possibility of differential diagnosis of metastatic SCLC was also noted. As the patient was experiencing abdominal symptoms including abdominal distension and tenderness due the tumor, a simple hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed to palliate the symptoms. During the surgical procedures, intra-abdominal findings noted peritoneal dissemination while intraoperative cell cytology diagnosis of ascites revealed small-cell cancer. The final histopathological diagnosis likewise revealed metastatic small-cell cancer from the primary lung cancer. The clinical status of the lung cancer was evaluated as progressive disease (PD), and a change in chemotherapy regimen was necessitated. Further disease progression was noted on CT scans at 2 and a half months after surgery, and with gradual systemic disease progression, the patient died of disease at 3 months postsurgery. Initial evaluation of rapidly enlarging uterine tumors should include a differential diagnosis of uterine sarcoma; additionally, it is necessary to also consider the rare possibility of metastatic disease as in the present case with a clinical history of extragenital malignancy.
Primary Dural Lymphoma Mimicking En Plaque Cerebellopontine Angle Meningioma
Authors: Xu Mei , Bains Ashish , Rong Yuan
Published: July 2021

Primary dural lymphoma (PDL) usually arises from the calvarial dura without the brain parenchyma or systemic involvement and thus may not be considered as a typical form of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). It is exceedingly rare. When it occurs, it might not be suspected as a primary diagnosis on clinical and radiologic findings. We present a PDL case that occurs at the cerebellopontine (CP) angle mimicking en plaque meningioma. The tumor histopathology showed a lymphoproliferative disorder immunophenotypically consistent with a low-grade marginal zone lymphoma. Bone marrow and systemic involvements were not identified, and a diagnosis of PDL was established. As a residual tumor at the CP angle was inaccessible to surgery, postoperative radiation therapy was performed. No recurrence was found at 15-month follow-up. PDLs are mostly indolent and have a good prognosis. There is no doubt that the most important differential diagnosis is meningioma. Furthermore, the present case emphasizes the necessity of an intraoperative consultation and knowledge of this rare yet essential form of PCNSL so that appropriate studies can be ordered.
Verifying the Usefulness of Pulmonary Blood Flow Studies in the Correction of Pulmonary Atresia and Ventricular Septal Defect with Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries
Authors: Huang Zirou , Cao Fan , Zou Rongjun , Zou Minghui , Chen Weidan , Li Wenlei , Huang Guodong , Ma Li , Chen Xinxin
Published: July 2021

Objective. We retrospectively analyzed the surgical results of pulmonary blood flow studies to guide ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure in the correction of pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect with major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (PA/VSD/MAPCAs). Methods. A total of 57 children who were diagnosed with PA/VSD/MAPCAs and who underwent intraoperative pulmonary blood flow studies at our hospital between August 2016 and June 2019 were included. Surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass records were collected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to verify the accuracy of pulmonary blood flow studies to predict VSD closure. Results. Complete VSD closure was achieved in 39 of 57 children (68.42%), with a median age of 2 years and 5 months (range: 7 months to 15 years and 9 months) and a median weight of 11.0 kg (5.7–36.5 kg). Partial VSD repair was recorded for 21 children (36.84%), including 4 children (19.05%) who underwent VSD closure in the later stages and 13 children (61.90%) who were under follow-up and waiting to undergo complete VSD closure. There was only one child (1.75%) with VSD left. After eliminating the data of four unqualified cases, the ROC curve for predicting VSD closure based on 53 pulmonary blood flow studies was obtained at a

p

value of <0.001, with an area under the curve of 0.922. The maximum Youden’s index was 0.713, which corresponded to an optimal mean pulmonary artery pressure cutoff value of 24.5 mmHg. Conclusion. The functional evaluation provided by pulmonary blood flow studies is highly accurate to predict intraoperative VSD repair. We recommend using pulmonary blood flow studies with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of ≤25 mmHg during blood perfusion at 3.0 L/min/m2 as the standard to repair VSD.
A Potential miRNA‐mRNA Network for Dementia and Hernia Crosstalk
Authors: Chen De-jian , Li Da-peng
Published: July 2021

Background. It has been reported that there may be a potential link between hernia and dementia. However, the exact mechanisms of their association have not been established. This study is aimed at constructing miRNA‐mRNA networks to elucidate on the potential link between dementia and hernia. Methods. Gene expression profiles for dementia, herniation, and skeletal muscle were downloaded from the GEO database after which differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were obtained. In addition, fascia tissue samples were obtained during surgery. A total of 41 patients were recruited in this study, and expression levels of candidate genes were examined using quantitative RT‐PCR. Luciferase reporter gene assays were used to identify potential miRNA‐mRNA regulatory pathways. Results. Differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were screened. A potential miRNA‐mRNA network revealing the crosstalk mechanism between herniation and dementia was identified. Single cell analysis revealed that PI16 was highly enriched in adipose tissues, skeletal muscles, and in the skin. GSEA enrichment analysis showed that PI16 is involved in adipose metabolism, muscle functions, and energy metabolism. In clinical samples, PI16 was found to be upregulated in hernia, while miR‐4451 was found to be downregulated. The luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that downregulation of circulating miR‐4451 may be responsible for the upregulated PI16 expression in hernia sacs. Conclusions. We constructed an miRNA‐mRNA network that shows the potential association between dementia and hernia. We also found that miR‐4451 regulates the PI16 expression, which may be a key target and biomarker for hernia pathogenesis and dementia crosstalk.
Parameter Tuning of PID Controller for Beer Filling Machine Liquid Level Control Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Xiao Liqing
Published: July 2021

Parameter tuning of PID controller for liquid level control of beer filling machine was studied in this paper, which can meet the demand of accurate controlling in beer production and improve the rapidity under the same conditions. Firstly, an improved genetic algorithm was proposed which has been verified by eight kinds of test functions. Simulation results revealed that, in comparation with other modified particle swarm optimization algorithm and modified genetic algorithm, the algorithm proposed in this work is not only capable to improve the convergence speed and precision under the same experimental conditions but also to improve the probability to converge to the optimal value. Finally, the proposed algorithm was applied to the parameter tuning of the PID controller of beer filling machine for liquid level control. Superior property had been obtained, which implied an effective improvement in the rapidity with the premise of steady‐state error exclusion.
High-Entry Vertebral Artery Variant during Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Moran Jay , Kahan Joseph B. , Schneble Christopher A. , Johnson Michele H. , Chan Shin Mei , Grauer Jonathan N. , Rubio Daniel R.
Published: July 2021

Anterior surgical approaches to the cervical spine have allowed for treatment of common and complex pathologies with excellent outcomes. During the approach, complications can result from injury to the surrounding structures. The transverse processes usually protect the vertebral artery (VA) as it enters at C6 and courses cranially through the transverse foramina to C2 (referred to as the V2 segment). This is a case report of a patient who presented with myeloradiculopathy attributed to a C4-C5 disc herniation, severe canal stenosis, and marked bilateral neural foraminal stenosis. Preoperative imaging showed the right VA entering the C4 transverse foramen. This anatomic variant on a routine MRI led to further imaging and precautions when performing an uneventful anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at C4-C5. A high VA entry point into the transverse foramen above C6 could increase the risk of iatrogenic vascular injury in anterior approaches to the cervical spine. Rarely reported, the currently presented case describes a patient with a C4 right VA entry variant and highlights the importance of proper surgical planning.
[Retracted] Analysis of Landscape Ecological Planning Based on the High‐Order Multiwavelet Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Yu ChuanDong , Du Nan
Published: July 2021

Landscape architecture has both natural and social properties, which is the embodiment of people protecting the natural environment. Since the industrial revolution, the modern industry has developed rapidly. It has increased the living standard of people and consumed a lot of natural resources such as forest and energy. The ecological environment has been greatly damaged, and the landscape of gardens has been affected. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a method to evaluate the landscape ecology and plan the landscape ecology. This paper proposes a new high‐order wavelet neural network algorithm combining wavelet analysis and artificial neural network. A model of ecological evaluation of landscape based on high‐order wavelet neural network algorithm is proposed to evaluate the landscape ecology and provide reference data for the ecological planning of the landscape. The results show that the training times of the wavelet neural network to achieve the target accuracy are 3600 times less than those of the BP neural network. The MSE and MAE of the WNN are 0.0639 and 0.1501, respectively. The average error of the model to the comprehensive evaluation index of the landscape ecology is 0.005. The accuracy of the model to evaluate the sustainability of landscape land resources is 98.67%. The above results show that the model based on the wavelet neural network can effectively and accurately complete the evaluation of landscape ecology and then provide a decision‐making basis for landscape ecological planning, which is of high practicability.
Ortodoxia da criatividade: experiência com artistas em Salvador
Authors: Santos Jefferson Dantas
Published: July 2021

The objective is to understand the granting of the title of city of music to Salvador by Unesco and possible redefinitions in the life and work of local artists. I wonder: how to balance international promotion, local economic development and the participation of artists? The research reports that the city hall is still having practical difficulties in making Salvador the city of music proposed by its initial candidacy and propaganda. This is noticeable because there is no alignment between discourses and practices regarding artists' rights, lack of a clear cultural policy, low investment and poor maintenance of spaces for artistic socialization. This conclusion was reached after analyzing legislation, management reports and interviews with artists.
Disparities in Emergency Medical Services Time Intervals for Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome: Findings from the North Carolina Prehospital Medical Information System
Authors: Cui Eric R. , Fernandez Antonio R. , Zegre‐Hemsey Jessica K. , Grover Joseph M. , Honvoh Gilson , Brice Jane H. , Rossi Joseph S. , Patel Mehul D.
Published: July 2021

Background

Timely emergency medical services (EMS) response, management, and transport of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) significantly reduce delays to emergency treatment and improve outcomes. We evaluated EMS response, scene, and transport times and adherence to proposed time benchmarks for patients with suspected ACS in North Carolina from 2011 to 2017.

Methods and Results

We conducted a population‐based, retrospective study with the North Carolina Prehospital Medical Information System, a statewide electronic database of all EMS patient care reports. We analyzed 2011 to 2017 data on patient demographics, incident characteristics, EMS care, and county population density for EMS‐suspected patients with ACS, defined as a complaint of chest pain or suspected cardiac event and documentation of myocardial ischemia on prehospital ECG or prehospital activation of the cardiac care team. Descriptive statistics for each EMS time interval were computed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to quantify relationships between meeting response and scene time benchmarks (11 and 15 minutes, respectively) and prespecified covariates. Among 4667 patients meeting eligibility criteria, median response time (8 minutes) was shorter than median scene (16 minutes) and transport (17 minutes) time. While scene times were comparable by population density, patients in rural (versus urban) counties experienced longer response and transport times. Overall, 62% of EMS encounters met the 11‐minute response time benchmark and 49% met the 15‐minute scene time benchmark. In adjusted regression analyses, EMS encounters of older and female patients and obtaining a 12‐lead ECG and venous access were independently associated with lower adherence to the scene time benchmark.

Conclusions

Our statewide study identified urban–rural differences in response and transport times for suspected ACS as well as patient demographic and EMS care characteristics related to lower adherence to scene time benchmark. Strategies to reduce EMS scene times among patients with ACS need to be developed and evaluated.
The Heraldic Shield and the Woman’s Body in the Blasons Anatomiques du corps féminin (1543)
Authors: Giordano Michael
Published: July 2021

In the French Renaissance, the term ‘anatomical blason’ (blason anatomique) designated a highly descriptive love poem praising a single part of a woman’s body, while in heraldry, the noun ‘blason’ defined the ensemble of ornamental components constituting the shield. Just as the French verb blasonner meant to describe and to interpret the shield’s material and symbolic parts, so could this verb be used in amatory poetry to signify the act of lauding the details of the beloved’s anatomical parts. This study examines the structural analogies between heraldic shield and the anatomical blason, addressing how the technical terms defining the shield’s components such as partitions, points, charges, tinctures, and the achievement could be given analogous expressions in the anatomical love poetry.
Recent advances in nuclear radiation protective clothing materials
Authors: Hao Feiran , Zhou Wei , Gao Yue
Published: July 2021

With the development of science and technology, the opportunities for military forces and general citizens to be exposed to a radioactive environment have greatly increased. It is urgent to establish a mature nuclear, biological and chemical protection system, of which nuclear radiation
protective clothing is a vital part. Radiation protective clothing is clothing that ensures the protection of people in a radioactive environment by reducing the radiation exposure dose. Owing to the advances in material science, it is possible to develop radiation protective clothing with
better performance. In this review, we focus on X-ray, γ-ray and thermal neutron shielding and elaborate on the following 3 aspects by citing a variety of examples: methods for measuring the shielding performance of radiation protective clothing, radiation protective clothing
materials and the prospects and existing problems. In addition, a number of commercial nuclear radiation protective clothing is introduced, and their evaluation is expounded to explain the problems.
Therapeutic effect of multifunctional nano-liposomes on Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Xuan , Liu Zhimin , Wang Xueyong , Zhao Yuehan
Published: July 2021

Curcumin (Cur), an active phenolic compound in Zingiberaceae, is a fat-soluble natural medicine with a significant curative effect on Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, Cur has low water solubility, resulting in low bioavailability. In this study, a new type of multifunctional
nano-liposome was developed and designed to increase the bioavailability of Cur. Using hyaluronic acid (HA) as the carrier, a transferrin-hyaluronic acid-curcumin (Tf-HACur) nanoliposome was prepared by loading transferrin (Tf) targeting agent and Cur to treat AD. Tf-HA-Cur has very low cytotoxicity.
Behavioral and molecular results show that Tf-HA-Cur can cross the blood-brain barrier and effectively treat AD. The nanoliposome provides a new strategy for the delivery of drugs.
Highly efficient biphasic calcium-phosphate coating procedure with an enhanced coating yield and protein incorporation rate
Authors: Sun Ping , Li Shuyi , Niu Jianhua , Yi Min , Xu Weixing , Wu Liyong , Wu Gang
Published: July 2021

A biphasic calcium-phosphate (CaP)-coating is a promising surface modification for functionalizing various endosseous biomaterials. However, its biomedical application is limited by its low coating yield and incorporation inefficiency. We developed a highly concentrated (4.5×)
supersaturated calcium-phosphate solution (SCPS) and compared its physicochemical properties with those of 1× SCPS. One milliliter of 4.5× SCPS formed a thick (110 μm) continuous coating on a titanium disc (4×4×1 mm), compared to the thin (29 μm)
1× SCPScoating. On X-ray diffraction analysis, the 4.5× SCPS-coating had characteristic dicalcium-phosphate dehydrate and apatite peaks, in contrast to the apatite-only of 1× SCPS-coating. Under acidic condition (pH 4.5), the 4. × 5SCPS-coating released significantly
less Ca2+ than the 1× SCPS-coating. FITC-bovine serum albumin incorporation in the 4.5× SCPS-coating (81.20±6.42%) was significantly higher than in the 1× SCPS-coating (21.86±1.90%). Thus, this modified coating procedure holds promise for biomedical
applications.
Prognosis-associated methylation subtypes in endometrial carcinoma patients and the role of magnetic nanoparticles in gene extraction
Authors: Wang Liang , Xue Fengxia
Published: July 2021

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, and DNA methylation plays a vital role in its occurrence and development. In this study, we collected the relevant data on endometrial cancer from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and UCSC website. By screening
and processing the data, we obtained 410 samples and 16,381 methylation sites. Endometrial carcinoma can be divided into seven molecular subtypes using consensus clustering method. Based on the analysis of the differences among subtypes, the methylation degree of different sites was obtained,
and the prognosis model of methylation sites was established. Based on the median value of the train group, the train and test groups were divided into high and low-risk groups. The survival between the high and low-risk groups was different. It also showed that this model can predict the
survival of patients, with better accuracy. In conclusion, the tumor subtypes based on methylation sites can provide a better guidance for treatment, relapse, and prognosis of endometrial cancer. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles can be used to extract genomic DNA and total RNA due to
their paramagnetism and biocompatibility, then transcriptome high-throughput sequencing was performed. It may serve as potential cancer immune biomarker targets for developing future oncological treatments.
Study on the application of internal fixation material implantation in the rehabilitation of spondylolisthesis in children
Authors: Liu Yongliang , Chu Caijuan , Gao Hua , Jing Hong
Published: July 2021

Spondylolisthesis (SP), particularly lumbar SP in children, is mostly caused by dysplasia. Several clinical studies have revealed that bone cement filled with hollow pedicle screws can achieve great benefits in the treatment of SP. However, most of the existing bone cement materials
are based on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and calcium phosphate cement (CPC). However, PMMA has poor biocompatibility, due to which its actual efficacy is greatly reduced. Although CPC has good biocompatibility, it exhibits certain cytotoxicity and high pressure in the bone marrow, resulting
in fat droplets in blood vessels, which may cause embolisms. This study aimed to investigate the actual efficacy of a new type of bone nanocement filled with hollow pedicle screw in the treatment of 11 children with lumbar SP and to provide a feasible surgical method for the treatment of lumbar
SP with hollow pedicle screw filled with bone nanocement.
A clinical study to evaluate predictive significance of miR-513b-5p for senile cataract using nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction method
Authors: Sun Ran , Liu Dachuan , Wang Minghua
Published: July 2021

In the past few decades, increase in the global population and improvement in the overall life expectancy has been associated with an increase in the prevalence of age-related cataract. Cataracts (CA) refer to the opacification of the eye lens. It is one of the prime reasons contributing
to visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The early onset of CA is relatively insidious, which stands as a major obstacle in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Previous studies have reported an aberrant expression of miR-513b-5p in the lens of the eye. Since the eye lens
holds a central position in CA, the present study aimed to explore and establish the role of miR-513b-5p in clinical implications of CA using a nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nano-PCR) technology. The study involved two broad groups, 108 elderly CA patients (research group,
or RG) and 96 normal physical examinees (control group, or CG). Nano-PCR detection method was used to examine the expression of miR-513b-5p in the two groups. An elevated expression of miR-513b-5p was recorded in RG, which declined after the treatment. ROC curve analysis of the collected data
revealed that miR-513b-5p had a favorable diagnostic significance for CA. Post treatment, a positive relevance of miR-513b-5p with inflammatory factors including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was verified by correlation
analysis. The impact of miR-513b-5p on the prognosis of CA patients further established the high predictive significance of miR-513b-5p with regard to the recurrence of CA. Thus, the results of the study showed that miR-513b-5p was highly expressed in senile CA patients and it displayed a
superior diagnostic significance with regard to CA. Post treatment, miR-513b-5p expression was found to be strongly linked to the expression of various inflammatory factors. In addition to these, miR-513b-5p displayed an outstanding predictive significance for the recurrence of CA. All these
results highlight the suitability of miR-513b-5p to be used as a promising candidate for the diagnosis and treatment of senile CA in the future.
Equation of state for the detonation products of energetic materials
Authors: Huo Xiangyu , Zhang Li , Yang Mingli
Published: July 2021

Energetic materials (EMs) are one of the necessities in many military and civilian applications. Measuring the thermodynamic behaviors of detonation products of EMs at high temperature and high pressure, their equations of state (EOSs) not only serve as a basis in the design of novel
materials, but also provide valuable information for their practical applications. The EOS study has a long history, but keeps moving all the time. Various EMs have been developed, the EOS of detonation products provides abundant information in the thermochemistry, hydromechanics and detonation
physics, which in turn feedbacks the development of novel EMs and their EOSs. With the development of experimental techniques and computer simulations, many EOSs have been proposed for various explosives in recent years. While experiments keep their fundamental roles, integrated theory-experiment
study has become the main approach to the EOS establishment for novel EMs. Moreover, computer simulations based on interatomic and/or intermolecular interaction will have great potential in the future when big data and artificial intelligence are introduced into the field.
Folic acid mediated cisplatin magnetic nanodrug targeting in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Xiangyong , Zhang Lan , Liu Xiqing , Xu Liangpeng , Liu Junjie
Published: July 2021

Cisplatin, a non-specific cell cycle antineoplastic drug, has therapeutic effects on a variety of malignant tumors. However, cisplatin has some drawbacks, such as poor targeting, which can lead to damage in normal tissue adjacent to a cancer, causing serious side effects in patients.
In this study, we designed and developed a folic acid (FA)-mediated cisplatin magnetic nanodrug, FA-CDDP-MNPs, and investigated its efficacy in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that FA-CDDP-MNPs had a greater inhibitory
effect on OSCC than CDDP alone. Due to the introduction of FA, the targeting of FA-CDDPMNPs was improved, and its cytotoxicity reduced. The successful design and development of FA-CDDP-MNPs provides a basis for novel drug development and design in the future.
Screening and survival analysis of melanoma immunodrug response-related genes and the function of magnetic nanoparticles in gene extraction
Authors: Song Li , Du Ningchao , Luo Haitao , Li Furong
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to identify the association of protein coding and long non coding RNA genes with immunotherapy response in melanoma. Based on RNA sequencing data of melanoma specimens, the expression levels of protein coding and long non coding RNA genes were calculated using the Kallisto
RNA-seq quantification method, and differently expressed genes were detected using the DESeq2 method. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the effects of gene expression on survival. According to the clinical data of 14 patients with drug response and 11 patients without
drug response, 18 protein coding genes and 14 long non coding RNAs showed differential expressions (multiple of difference > 2 and P < 0.01 after correction), among which the coding genes of differential expression were significantly enriched through the process of cell adhesion
(P < 0.01). The results of survival analysis showed that 18 coding genes and 14 long non coding RNA genes had significant effects on patient survival (P < 0.01). In this study, magnetic nanoparticles can be used to extract genomic DNA and total RNA due to their paramagnetism
and biocompatibility, then transcriptome high-throughput sequencing was performed. The method has the advantages of removing dangerous reagents such as phenol and chloroform, replacing inorganic coating such as silica with organic oil, and shortening reaction time. Protein coding and long
non coding RNA genes as well as magnetic nanoparticles may serve as potential cancer immune biomarker targets for developing future oncological treatments.
Expression and localization of adreno-corticotropic-hormone (ACTH) and NeuN in myxomycete plasmodia
Authors: Li Yanshuang , Zhang Bo , Dai Dan , Jiang Shicui , Leo Sossah Frederick , Wang Xiaoli , Li Yu
Published: July 2021

The myxomycete life-cycle mainly consists of cellular uninucleate amoeboflagellates, stationary spore-bearing sporophores, and acellular multinucleate plasmodia. The plasmodium is able to regulate complex behavior, but no differentiated signaling structures have been detected. As a
basal lineage eukaryote, research on any neuron-like substances may contribute to our understanding of the origin of the nervous system in complex organisms. We examined the expression and localization of the neuropeptide adreno-cortico-tropic-hormone (ACTH) and the neuroprokaryotic protein
(NeuN) in two species of Physarum under different culture conditions were studied by immunofluorescence and western blotting. ACTH was expressed in the cytoplasm of the plasmodium of Physarum flavicomum, and NeuN was expressed in the nuclear membrane of the plasmodium of P.
polycephalum and in the cytoplasm of that of P. flavicomum. This demonstrates the occurrence of neuropeptides in the myxomycete plasmodium for the first time and contributes to the understanding of intercellular communication in Myxomycetes.
Nanoparticulate ophthalmic drug delivery of norfloxacin to prevent ocular infection after cataract surgery: Evaluation in animal model
Authors: Wu Rong , Huang Qinying , Zhou Zixia , Chen Yile , Hu Huili , Wang Fei , Li Jinying
Published: July 2021

Post cataract surgery, patients generally experience bacterial infection called endophthalmitis which is considered as potent blinding complication. This infection arises from the colonization of Staphylococcus epidermidis on the newly implanted lense. To overcome this problem, we developed
nanoparticulate ophthalmic drug delivery of Norfloxacin to prevent ocular infection after cataract surgery. Sustained release Norfloxacin loaded polymeric nanoparticles were developed by high pressure homogenization method. The nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, zeta potential,
polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency (EE), in vitro Norfloxacin release and surface characteristics using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimized nanoparticulate formulation was further used for the development of thermoreversible ophthalmic gel using poloxamer
polymer. The formulated ophthalmic gel was evaluated for gelation temperature, pH, bioadhesiveness, and in vitro corneal permeation study. The antibacterial efficacy testing of thermoreversible gel was assessed in animal model (rabbit) infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis. At the
end of study period the inhibitory effect of thermoreversible gel was determined on test animals. The antibacterial effects were compared with control group and plain thermoreversible gel (without nanoparticle formulation). The optimized nanoparticulate formulation of Norfloxacin showed slow
and gradual sustained release over the period of 72 hours, encapsulation efficiency of between 90.12 to 98.50%, particle size 95–210 nm, PDI 0.18 to 0.212 and zeta potential between 20 to 25 mV. The nanoparticles were found spherical and smooth in nature. The optimized formulation of
nanoparticle was used in thermoreversible gel. The results obtained showed that the thermoreversible gel was clear and transparent (prime requirement for ophthalmic product) with high gelling capacity and moderately viscous liquid (1170 cp), highest bioadhesive strength of 2312.90 dyne/cm2.
The exvivo corneal study showed excellent permeation through cornea as compare to control sample. Norfloxacin released from thermoreversible gel killed Staphylococcus epidermidis in animal models as compare to control group and showed effect up to 14 days. With these findings, we demonstrate
a new and effective system for sustained drug release of Norfloxacin from thermoreversible gel with specific application to prevent ocular infection after cataract surgery.
Study on scar repair and wound nursing of chitosan-based composite electrospun nanofibers in first aid of burn
Authors: Liu Qing , Yang Liping , Peng Qingrong
Published: July 2021

Bacterial infection and oxidative stress are serious complications in emergency burn patients, as the increase of oxygen free radicals in burn wounds can aggravate vascular endothelial cell injury, make the wounds ischemic and hypoxic, and delay wound healing. Traditional dressings
cannot meet the first-aid needs of burn patients. In this study, polycaprolactone/chitosan (PCL/CS) was used as an electrospun nanofiber matrix, and curcumin (CUR), a molecule with excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was introduced to construct polycaprolactone/ chitosan
graft copolymer-zein-curcumin electrospun nanofibers (PCL/CS-ZE-CUR). The results of clinical experiments suggest that compared with traditional dressings, based on the excellent mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of PCL/CS, the new dressing can exhibit oxygen free radical-scavenging
abilities of CUR to accelerate wound healing and is expected to provide a beneficial upgrade for wound emergency care.
Baicalein exerts antitumor effect in cervical cancer
Authors: Luo Yuhui , Wang Mingyan , Zhang Li , Jia Weining , Wengu Erzhe , Xia Jiyi , Yu Xiaolan
Published: July 2021

The work verified that baicalein (BCN) inhibited the appearance and progress of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. MTT and CCK-8 methods were used to detect the toxicity of BCN to C33A cells and the number of C33A cells, respectively. For in vivo assays, a solid
tumor model of cervical cancer and ascites tumor model was successfully established. The body weight, tumor volume and weight, survival time, and ascites volume were recorded. The anti-tumor ratio and increasing rate of life span were computed. H&E staining was performed to examine the
liver tissues, kidney tissues, and tumor tissues. BCN inhibits the proliferation of human cervical cancer cell line C33A and induces apoptosis. The results from in vivo assays showed that BCN suppressed tumor growth and progression with decreased tumor volume and weight in a solid tumor
model. BCN significantly induced cell apoptosis in solid tumor tissues. BCN also reduced ascites volume, prolonged survival time, and increased life extension rate in the ascites tumor model. These findings indicated that BCN exerted an antitumor effect against cervical cancer both in vitro
and in vivo. According to the results, BCN might act as an important antitumor agent against cervical cancer.
Treatment of ectomesenchymal stem cells-conditional medium in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Wang Zhe , Wang Yao , Mao Fei , Chen Chen , Wu Weijiang , Lu Xiaodong , Chen Qian , Liu Jingjing , Shi Wentao , Cao Sucheng , Li Qianzhe
Published: July 2021

The experiments in this paper was to investigate the effect of ectomesenchymal stem cells-conditional medium (EMSCs-CM) in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) which is expected to provide a therapeutic treatment for DSS-induced UC. Herein, EMSCs were isolated from the nasal cavity of
mice and its supernatants without FBS were collected as conditioned medium for EMSCs (EMCSs-CM). The concentrated EMCSs-CM was further prepared by dissolving freeze-dried CM with PBS. Depending on different treatments, C57 mice was classified into normal group, DSS model group and EMSCs-C
group. To build model mice, DSS at 3% concentration was accepted. The effects of intervention were assessed on the basis of body weight changes, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length, pathological variations and colitis biomarkers. Results revealed that EMSCs-CM could express TGF-β,
SHH and Laminin in vitro, respectively and significantly reduce the disease activity index and alleviate the severity of mice in vivo. a low level of inflammatory cytokine expression was also monitored in the EMSCs-CM group. In conclusion, EMSCs-CM is conducive to improve
the DSS-induced UC, owing to multiple factors secreted by EMSCs.
Study on the effect of polyethylene glycol emodin in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis in rats
Authors: Ding Quanhua , Lu Yan
Published: July 2021

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common gastrointestinal disorder requiring hospitalization. Pancreatic edema, hemorrhage, and pancreatic necrosis are potentially fatal complications. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of SAP is essential. We developed a nanocomposite
drug (polyethylene glycol [PEG]-loaded emodin [EMD] liposomes [PEG-EMD Lip]) for the treatment of SAP that was constructed based on the excellent biocompatibility, non-toxicity, moisture retention, and favorable dispersive properties of PEG. In vitro experiments revealed that the effect
of PEG-EMD Lip (15 μg/mL) modified by PEG on the activity of mononuclear macrophages (RAW264.7) remained above 93.3%, which was 1.12 times higher than that of EMD Lip alone. This suggests that PEG-modified EMD can effectively reduce the side effects observed with the parental drug.
In addition, PEG–EMD Lip significantly decreased the levels of serum inflammatory factors, oxidative stress induced by SAP, and the degree of damage to the pancreas and lung organized system.
Early nursing care of peritoneal dialysis catheter outlet with multi-functional nanogel of antibacterial and healing
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Liu Shenyi , Dong Xinying
Published: July 2021

Infection at the outlet of the catheter in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is one of the leading causes of peritonitis, as well as the main cause of catheter extraction and patient mortality. The use of dressings at the outlet of the catheter is important to prevent secondary trauma and wound
infection. This study reports the development of a multifunctional hydrogel dressing with antibacterial, repair, and anti-infection functionality: the dextran–curcumin silk fibroin (Dex-Cur@SF) hydrogel dressing. Clinical application demonstrated that compared with standard wound dressing,
Dex-Cur@SF hydrogel dressing had stronger antibacterial, anti-infection, and analgesic properties, reduced the interval of dressing changes, and promoted wound healing. These results suggest that Dex-Cur@SF may represent an improved option for nursing care at the outlet of PD catheters.
Anticancer activity study of paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes against human hepatoma cells 3B cells
Authors: Yuan Kangrui , Zheng Bodan , Liu Kun , Liu Wei , Ye Xiaomei , Wu Dudu , Huang Chaobo , Yu Zhiqiang , Chen Zhi
Published: July 2021

A new paeoniflorin Ag(I) complex was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, which was characterized by some spectral techniques like elemental analysis, thermal analysis, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and geometry optimization. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to test the in vitro cytotoxicity of the paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes in various cells (such as A549, Caco2, HepG2, Hep3B, LO2, H9C2 and PC12 cells). It is shown that the
paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes possessed a remarkable cytotoxicity against the Hep3B cell line, but a low cytotoxicity against the LO2 cell line. Cell cycle progression and membrane potential of Hep3B cells were studied using flow cytometry, and the cell examination of apoptosis was
made by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Moreover, expressions levels of caspase family proteins and Bcl-2 were also investigated. Our findings demonstrated that the paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes induced apoptosis of Hep3B cells via the mitochondrial membrane potential access by regulating Bcl-2
and caspase family proteins.
Paeoniflorin and albiflorin regulate P-gp-mediated aconitine and hypaconitine transport through an Madin Darby canine kidney-multi drug resistance protein 1 cell model
Authors: Liu Yun-Feng , Guan Yong-Mei , Huang Shi-Yu , Wu Lu , Zhu Wei-Feng , Chen Li-Hua
Published: July 2021

Aconitine and hypaconitine are the main active ingredients of Radix Aconiti, paeoniflorin and albiflorin are the primary components of Radix Paeoniae Alba. Both Radix Aconiti and Radix Paeoniae Alba are herbs that are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. This study sought
to explore the mechanistic transport of aconitine and hypaconitine across MDCK-MDR1 cells and to assess the effect of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on aconitine and hypaconitine transmembrane transport as a potential attenuation mechanism. Drug cytotoxicity was tested via the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide) assay, and transport studies were performed in both directions. The effects of drugs on P-gp ATPase activity, P-gp efflux function, MDR1 mRNA and P-gp expression were evaluated in MDCK-MDR1 cells. Aconitine and hypaconitine treatment with the verapamil could significantly decrease
the efflux rate (ER). The ER of aconitine and hypaconitine were significantly increased with the coadministration of paeoniflorin and albiflorin, suggesting that paeoniflorin and albiflorin can promote the efflux of these two alkaloids. Aconitine and hypaconitine can induce P-gp enzymatic
activity, inhibit P-gp-mediated efflux, and downregulate the expression of P-gp protein to produce cytotoxic effects. When treatment in combination with paeoniflorin and albiflorin, it could stimulated P-gp ATPase activity, increasing mRNA expression, enhance P-gp efflux function, and upregulate
P-gp protein expression.
The mechanism of radix paeoniae rubra in treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Yin Meifang , Dai Lijuan , Ling Wenpei , Luo Chunyu , Qin Shuzhi , Zhao Chengguo
Published: July 2021

Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) is a widely used herb medicine. To better understand the mechanism of RPR in the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), in this study, the network of protein–protein interaction of the RPR-MIRI targets was constructed and analyzed
through network pharmacology and molecular docking. The enrichment analysis was performed and the network map was established, and the componenttarget network was then verified by molecular docking. In the result, there were 14 components and 52 targets related to MIRI. The results of Gene
Ontology (GO) analysis displayed 182 biological processes, 44 cellular components, 56 molecular functions. 45 signal pathways were collected from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, which were mainly related to Rap1, PI3 K-Akt signal pathway and so on. Molecular docking
verified that the active components had lower binding energy with key targets, indicating that it had better binding activity. In conclusion, the treatment of RPR on MIRI is implemented through multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway, which makes a provision for exploring the therapeutic
mechanism of RPR and expanding its clinical application.
Nanoscale biomimetic nano system for the co-delivery of SNS032 and tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand to enhance therapeutic efficacy in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCC25
Authors: Liu Yuanhang , Li Huanju , Qiu Yong-Le , Li Kun-Shan , Lu Yueting , Wang Wenjing
Published: July 2021

Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been used extensively as an anticancer agent in vitro and clinical trials. However, due to poor pharmacokinetics and drug resistance, TRAIL only exert limited therapeutic effects on malignant tumor. SNS032 is
a new and effective selective CDK inhibitor. SNS032 and TRAIL transfected MSC (MSCT) derived extracellular vesicles (MSCT-EXO) can both inhibit RNA synthesis and induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that SNS032 and TRAIL have a synergistic effect in the treatment of
cancer. Objective: Construct a biomimetic nano system for synergistically deliver SNS032 and TRAIL to induce apoptosis of SCC25 cells. Methods: SNS032 loaded gelatin nanoparticles (G-SNS032) were prepared by single coacervation method, SNS032/TRAIL gelatin biomimetic exosomes
cocarrier (MSCT-EXO/G-SNS032) were isolated and purified by ultracentrifugation and filtration. The expression of specific proteins was detected by BCA method to confirm the source of EXO. The in vitro release curve was drawn by a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
assay. This study examines the antitumor effects at molecular and cellular levels in response to MSCT-EXO/G-SNS032 treatment in vitro. Results: MSCT-EXO/G-SNS032 granules were round and well dispersed with a diameter of 187±23 nm. At the same time, it has high drug loading and
good release profile. SNS032, G-SNS032 and MSCT-EXO inhibited growth of SCC25 tumor cells with dose dependence manner. MSCT-EXO + SNS032 and MSCT-EXO + GSNS032 showed a satisfactory synergistic action in the ratio range of 200:1-20:1 (Combination index, CI < 1). At the ratio of 2000:1 to
20:1, the synergistic effect of MSCT-EXO/G-SNS032 was preferable to MSCT-EXO+GSNS032 group (P <0.05). MSCT-EXO/G-SNS032 could inhibit the expression of JAKs/STAT signaling pathway as well as the expression of related anti-apoptotic proteins, regulate p53 signaling pathway and its
downstream pathway simultaneously. Conclusion: SNS032/TRAIL delivered by gelatin biomimetic exosomes, show a high inhibitory effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells though multiple signaling pathways, over which provides a new idea for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tumors.