bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Between the binary: exploring bisexual women's health risks
Authors: Way Kylie
Published: August 2023

Despite reporting varied health risks, which are unique from those affecting lesbian and heterosexual women, bisexual women remain a poorly understood subpopulation of the LGBTQ community. Using a narrative methodology this study explored the influence of bisexuality on health risks among four cisgender women. Participant experiences were examined from a critical qualitative approach, through the interpretive framework of liminality, which positions bisexual women ambiguously between the sexual binary. The participants’ narratives centre health risks around the notion of erasure, which related to bisexual invisibility, inauthenticity, commodification, and complicity in self-erasure. The health risks that stem from erasure related to participants’ lack of safety, engagement in risk behaviour, and lack of information in health care encounters. These findings reveal erasure to be a consequence of the sexual binary. The implications for health care practice, education, and policy are discussed, with recommendations for future research.
Epidemiological Review: Mapping Cases and Prevalence of Helminthiasis in Indonesia on 2020-2022
Authors: Trasia Reqgi First
Published: August 2023

Background: Helminthiasis cannot be separated from society in Indonesia. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified helminth infections as neglected tropical diseases (NTD) that require large-scale control, because more than 23% of the world's population is infected with helminthiasis. In Indonesia, there are still few articles that comprehensively review the epidemiological mapping of the latest helminthiasis cases. The purpose of writing this article is to map the prevalence of helminthiasis in Indonesia in 2020-2022. This article is a systematic study  conducted from January-April 2023. The literature search was carried out through an electronic database. Result: The  findings of this study indicate that in the last three years, helminthiasis has not been eliminated in Indonesia. The  results of helminth species found to infest communities in several provinces in Indonesia include Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, Hymenolepis nana, Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Oxyuris vermicularis, Schistosoma japonicum, Strongiloides stercoralis, and Wuchereria bancrofti. The diagnosis of helminth infestation and infection is confirmed through microscopic examination by finding eggs, larvae, proglottids, and even adult worms that come out spontaneously through defecation. In addition, helminth transmission can occur through food contaminated with worm eggs. The government has tried to control helminthiasis through Permenkes number 15 of 2017 concerning Helminthiasis Management. However, the indicators of achieving the target of reducing the prevalence of intestinal worms to below 10% in each Regency/City as stated in Pasal 3 ayat 2 of the Permenkes have not been fully met. Conclusion: It can be seen in this study that there are still many provinces that have not reached the helminth control target. This condition is especially experienced by high-risk groups, such as children, mining workers, plantation workers, farmers, livestock workers, staff at slaughterhouses, and waste collectors.
The effect of quality culture on service quality; infrastructure quality as a mediation variable
Authors: Kartini Kartini , Samdin Samdin , Ramli Ramli , Sinarwati Sinarwati , Zaludin Zaludin
Published: August 2023

This study aims to examine the influence of quality culture on service quality, the influence of quality culture on infrastructure quality, the influence of infrastructure quality on service quality, the role of infrastructure quality in mediating the influence of quality culture on service quality mediated by infrastructure quality.  The population of this study are 176 pupils from class IX, or junior high school, at Umusshabri Kendari Educational Institution. The study sample was determined to be 176 after it was calculated using a technical census. employing questionnaires to acquire data. The research model is structural; thus, the data analysis uses Smart Partial Least Square PLS version3 software to examine direct influences and indirect influences. The findings of this study show the quality culture has a positive and significant effect on service quality, quality culture has a positive and significant effect on infrastructure quality, infrastructure quality has a positive and significant effect on service quality, infrastructure quality plays a role in partially mediating the influence of quality culture on service quality. Based on these findings, it is crucial for educational institutions to establish a culture of quality in order to enhance the quality of the infrastructure and the services provided to students in order to help them develop as people and provide them the skills they need to live better.
PENGARUH KINERJA KEUANGAN TERHADAP CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2014-2018
Authors: Anisdhita Denia Roswita , Hadady Hartaty , Fahri Johan
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTObjective: This study aims to determine the effect of financial performance on corporate social responsibility. The population in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) of 45 companies. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling. The samples used in this study were 21 companies with 105 observations. Methodology: The analytical model used to test hypotheses is multiple linear regression analysis and uses SPSS as a statistical test tool.Finding: H1, H2, and H3 Â accepted at the 5% confidence level.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that company size (X1) has a negative and significant effect on corporate social responsibility. The bigger the size the company then the existence of assets owned by the company is unemployed, forcing the company to spend more costs, thereby reducing the allocation of costs used to disclose broader social information. Profitability (X2) has a positive and significant effect on corporate social responsibility. the greater the level of profits owned by the company, the wider the company discloses social information. While leverage (X3) does not affect corporate social responsibility. The higher or lower level ofleverage owned by a company will not influence the company in disclosing its social information.Â
PENGARUH LEARNING ORGANIZATION DAN KETERLIBATAN KERJA TERHADAP PERILAKU KERJA INOVASI PADA PT. JAMKRINDO CABANG MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Yunus Agustina Anreimi , Rajak Adnan , Kamis Ruslan
Published: August 2023

Objective: The objectives of this study are: (1) To identify and analyze the effect of learning organization on innovative behavior; (2) Knowing and analyzing the effect of work involvement on innovative behavior; (3) Knowing and analyzing the influence of learning organization and work involvement simultaneously on innovative. Indonesian Credit Guarantee Limited The number of research samples was 33 employees. Methodology: The test tool used is multiple linear regression analysis using the statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) as a statistical test tool. Finding: H1, H2, and H3 accepted at the 5% confidence level.Conclusion: The results showed that: (1) Learning organization has a positive and significant effect on innovative behavior at Indonesian Credit Guarantee Limited North Maluku Branch .; (2) Job involvement has a positive and significant effect on innovative behavior at Indonesian Credit Guarantee Limited North Maluku Branch; (3) Learning organization and work involvement have a positive and significant effect simultaneously on innovative behavior at Indonesian Credit Guarantee Limited North Maluku Branch
Kesesuaian Lahan Untuk Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove di Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial (KEE) Tanjung Boleu Desa Kao Kabupaten Halmahera Utara
Authors: Dimon Yakub , Hadun Ramli , Sofyan Adnan
Published: August 2023

Mangrove ecotourism is one of the uses of mangrove forests from an economic perspective to achieve prosperity. In addition, Ekowista directly has the benefit of nature and environmental conservation. KEE Esential ecosystem area in an areathat has important value for consevation outside the coservation area. Functions sunc as consevation of life support system, preservation of biologicalÂ  divercity and sustainable use. This study aims to identify the potential of KEE mangrove ecotourism land, evaluate the feasibility of the area and formulate the concept of a KEE mangrove ecotourism development strategy. The methods used are survey methods, interviews and literature studies. The approach used is descriptive qualitative and SWOT analysis.The results showed that the ecotourism potential in KEE Tanjung Boleu, Kao Village, met the requirements for both physical, biological and socio-cultural potential. This type of research is quantitative-qualitative. The quantitative approach in this research is the type of research using tabulated data or numerical data as comparison material and reference material in analyzing. The analytical tool used in this study is an analysis of the suitability of ecotourism land for mangrove classification and also a strategy analysis or SWOT. Then the qualitative approach in this study, namely non-mathematical research with the process of generating data from the findings in the form of collecting respondents' opinions. From the results of the ecotourism land suitability analysis test in Tanjung Boleu, Kao Village, assessed based on the parameters of ecotourism land suitability for mangrove classification, it shows that this area is suitable for its designation as a tourist attraction. Then the right strategy for its development is the strategy of utilizing strengths to get opportunities
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Untuk Tanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) di DAS Gufasa
Authors: Edy Risdyanti , Hasan Asrul Ali , Sofyan Adnan
Published: August 2023

Land evaluation is the process of assessing the appearance of land for a specific purpose, including conducting and interpreting surveys and studies of land forms, soils, vegetation, climate, and other land aspects in order to identify and make comparisons of various land uses that might be developed. The aims of this study were: to determine land suitability classes and their management for cassava in the Gufasa watershed of Dodinga Village, South Jailolo District, West Halmahera Regency. This research took place from October to November 2021. Evaluation of land suitability refers to the FAO land suitability classification system (1976) to the category of land suitability units. There are two land suitability conditions presented, namely actual land suitability (A) and potential suitability (P). The actual land suitability for cassava plants in the Gufasa Watershed of Dodinga Village is suitable (S) with an area of 496.6 Ha (35.21%) and not suitable (N) with an area of 913.6 Ha (64.78%) with limiting factors, namely very obstructed drainage, flooding heavy (flood hazard), rough texture, heavy erosion and slopes 15%. Suitable land (S) is divided into two classes, namely quite suitable (S2) with an area of 108.0 Ha (7.6%) with a limiting factor of rainfall, rather fine texture, low total N, and mild erosion and marginally suitable (S3) with an area 388.6 Ha (27.55%) with a very low limiting factor of N-total and slope. Potential land suitability for cassava plants if efforts to improve the land limiting factors are obtained that are suitable (S) of 360.8 Ha (28.31%) and unsuitable (N) of 913.6 Ha (7.15%).Keywords: Land suitability, land characteristics, soil quality, limiting factors
Perspektif Kewirausahaan Sosial dalam Kelompok Usaha Nata de Coco Sejahtera Mandiri di Nagari Balai Baiak III Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Gusriani Helmy , Asful Ferdhinal , Zulvera Zulvera
Published: August 2023

This study aims to describe the application of social entrepreneurship elements and describe the canvas business model for social entrepreneurship development in the Nata de Coco Sejahtera Mandiri business group. This research was conducted for 1 month (July-August 2022). This type of research is descriptive qualitative using the case study method. The data used are primary data and secondary data obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. For the first objective, the data was analyzed using the Miles and Huberman data analysis model and for the second objective it was analyzed descriptively qualitatively, then an assessment of the social benefits of the program was carried out using the Social Return of Investment (SRoI) method. The results of this study indicate that the elements of social entrepreneurship have been implemented by the Nata de Coco Sejahtera Mandiri business group in the form of social values, civil society, innovation and economic activity, but have not optimally provided benefits. Nine elements in the business model canvas for social entrepreneurship development have been implemented consisting of customer segmentation, value proposition and social value, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams and community reinvestment, key activities, key resources, key partners, and cost structure, but not yet optimal. Based on the SRoI assessment of the Nata de Coco Sejahtera Mandiri business group, it can be concluded that the benefits generated are 1:0.03, meaning that social entrepreneurship activities have not been able to create sustainability benefits for stakeholders and have not been able to create social business independence, because the resulting SRoI ratio is less than 1 (1). We recommend that the Nata de Coco Sejahtera Mandiri business group optimize the management of environmental aspects by managing liquid waste from the production of Nata de Coco produced, increasing the participation of local residents and increasing the scale of social business.Keywords : Social Entrepreneurship, Nata de Coco, SRoI
Identifikasi Keragaman Plasma Nutfah Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) Di Provinsi Maluku Utara
Authors: Husen Surisno. M. Hi. , Soenarsih Sri , Mahmud Shubzan A.
Published: August 2023

The Clitoria ternatea plant which has the common name flower telang is a perennial shrub that has deep and woody roots, slightly upward or upright and climbing stems with a height between 20 - 90 cm, downy hair, three to five leaves, oval leaflets the upper surface is hairless and the lower surface is scattered with hairs, flowering bunches in the armpits with 1-2 flowers, the length of the petiole is up to 4 cm, the petals are purple to almost white, the pods are spun oval, hairless, seeds 3-7 , convex valve, seeds round to ovate, brownish in color. The research objective was to determine the diversity of clitoria ternatea flower plants in North Maluku province and as a breeding material for the development of telang flower plants. This research uses descriptive method with direct observation techniques on the object being observed. Morphological and agronomic character data were obtained through surveys and direct observation of sample plants in the field based on modified telang plant descriptor guidelines (IBPGR, 1983 and e-Floras, 2010). From the research found 14 accessions of Clitoria ternatea in North Maluku Province and showed diversity in leaf color, leaf length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf blade size, leaf shape, leaf stalk length, protective crown size, pod length, pod width. pod color, degree of pod curvature, shape of pod beak curvature, seed color, seed coat glossy, number of seeds / pods, maximum number of ovules / pods, weight of seeds / seeds, weight of seeds / pods. The kinship relationship of 14 accessions, cluster I level of similarity 50.55%, cluster II 60.75% and cluster III 42.31%.Keywords: Telang Flower, Germplasm, Diversity
EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES OF COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS TOWARD CELIAC DISEASE
Authors: AKARSU ORUNÇ Esin , ARSLAN Miray
Published: August 2023

Objective: The knowledge and attitude of pharmacists play an essential role in the patient counseling services of pharmacists. Celiac disease is one of the diseases in which patient follow-up and counseling are essential, and the number of studies dealing with the roles of pharmacists in this disease is very limited. This study aims to fill this gap and contribute to public health by evaluating community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices for celiac disease.
Material and Method: Based on the literature, a measurement tool including the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of community pharmacists for celiac disease has been developed. The measurement tool was applied online to community pharmacists in Türkiye in 2021. The obtained data were subjected to explanatory factor analysis (EFA).
Result and Discussion: The number of pharmacists participating in this study is 408. A four-factor structure was obtained: knowledge of celiac disease, attitude towards celiac disease, counseling practices for celiac patients, and professional development practices. The Cronbach's alpha values of the factors were calculated between 0.794 and 0.935, which shows high reliability. These factors explained 70.343% of the total variance. The community pharmacists had positive attitudes toward counseling for celiac disease. Still, there were some deficiencies in terms of knowledge and practice. It is thought that the knowledge and awareness of pharmacists on celiac diseases can be increased by including issues related to celiac disease in both undergraduate education and vocational training programs.
PEMIKIRAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM KONTEMPORER MUHAMMAD HASBI ASH-SHIDDIEQY DAN KH. M. SAHAL MAHFUD
Authors: Faozan Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Abstrak

Setiap aktivitas seorang muslim dalam kehidupannya harus sesuai dengan petunjuk syariat. Kehidupan masyarakat yang selalu berubah dari waktu ke waktu, apalagi kini hidup di era kemajuan informasi dan tekhnologi. Hukum Islam yang dihadapkan dengan kondisi dan situasi kekinian harus mampu menjawabnya. Jika ditemukan dalam aktivitas seorang muslim tidak ada dalilnya didalam Al Qur’an dan Al Hadis seorang ulama kontemporer harus secara kreatif dan responsif mencarikan jawabannya. Fatwa sebagai elemen penting dalam hukum Islam menjadi  media penghubung untuk menjawab beragam persoalan umat Islam. Sayangnya, banyak jawaban persoalan umat yang dihasilkan masih mengandung problematis dan kurang solutif. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menawarkan pemikiran ulama moderat dari Indonesia, Muhammad Hasbi Ash Shidiqy dan KH. M. Sahal Mahfud. Kedua tokoh yang diakui intregritas keilmuannya ini berusaha mengeluarkan kontribusi pemikirannya dalam bidang pemikiran hukum keluarga Islam Indonesia. Mereka menawarkan metodologi yang baru untuk membaca dan memahami teks-teks suci. Serta mendobrak tradisi pemikiran yang mapan yang sudah ada sejak ratusan tahun lalu. Muhammad Hasbi Ash Shidiqy dengan Fiqh Indonesia. Ide dan gagasannya ini merupakan bentuk dari satu keyakinan akan prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam dalam memberikan ruang gerak yang lebar bagi pengembangan  atau pembaharuassn ijtihad baru. landasan hukum Islam yang lama dan  mapan, seperti ijma’, maslahah mursalah, qiyas, ‘urf, dan prinsip. Terjadinya perubahan hukum karena adanya perubahan masa dan tempat”, justru akan menemui ketidaksesuaian ketika tidak adanya pembaharuan ijtihad baru. Maka haruslah berpegang pada paradigma itu, dalam konteks pembangunan semesta sekarang ini, gerakan penutupan pintu ijtihad (insidad bab al-ijtihad) merupakan isu usang yang harus segera ditinggalkan. Sedangkan KH. M. Sahal Mahfud dengan Fikih Sosialnya mengenalkan sebuah metodologi yang proporsional untuk mencapai kontekstual dan pemahaman yang memenuhi kebutuhan realitas sosial. dengan merumuskan kerangka teoritik berfikih yang lebih produktif dan sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman penting dilakukan.

Kata kunci : Ulama; Fatwa, Ulama, Moderat; Hukum Keluarga Islam Indonesia
How Does American Public Opinion React to Overt Anti-Democratic Behavior by Politicians? Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the January 6 Insurrection
Authors: van Noort Sam
Published: August 2023

Do American politicians that clearly violate democratic norms lose significant public support, or does public opinion impose little constraint on anti-democratic politicians? Existing studies have examined this fundamental question using hypothetical survey experiments which, while valuable, suffer from ecological validity and weak treatment concerns. I overcome these problems by studying a novel quasi-experiment created by the fact that Donald Trump's incitement of the January 6 insurrection unexpectedly occurred while Gallup was conducting a nationally representative public opinion survey using random digit dialing. Comparing party identification among respondents that happened to be interviewed just before, and just after, January 6, 2021 suggests that the Republican Party retained 78% of its pre-insurrection support base during the first 1.5 weeks. Even this modest loss was short-lived---in February 2021 the Republican Party already stood at 93% of its pre-insurrection support level. While not zero, the public constraint on anti-democratic behavior is remarkably limited.
Living with an iconic aid
Authors: Bäckman Maria
Published: August 2023

There are plenty of objects that are conspicuous in the way they signal to the surroundings that the user has some kind of physical impairment. Most obvious are perhaps wheelchairs, motorized wheelchairs, hearing aids and crutches. These objects can be described as aids in the sense that the purpose is either to mitigate the effects of reduced physical abilities or to compensate for the loss of a sensory faculty. The focus of this article concerns an object that both increases mobility and replaces such a faltering capacity. It might even be the most iconic of all aids: the mobility cane, also known as the white cane, long cane or white stick. Based on the work at a Swedish Low Vision and Resource Centre, this article discusses the use of the white cane among people with severe and progressive visual impairment. The fact is that this aid, which for an outsider would easily seem to be a rather natural choice, can arouse completely different feelings in somebody who has a severe visual impairment. It is a well-known circumstance amongst low visions teachers and therapists that persons with acquired or progressive sight impairment are often not quite happy about using the aid. Therefore, the aim of the article is to utilize notions of everyday experiences to gain further insights into why the white cane for many of its potential users are associated with strong feelings of both personal ambiguity and social stress. In order to highlight these emotional, and still cultural and political, tensions, the discussion is grounded in critical disability studies and informed by ableism, stigma, and passing as theoretical concepts.
Functional knockout of long non-coding RNAs with genome editing
Authors: Lyu Qing Rex , Zhang Shikuan , Zhang Zhe , Tang Zhiyu
Published: August 2023

An effective loss-of-function study is necessary to investigate the biological function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Various approaches are available, including RNA silencing, antisense oligos, and CRISPR-based genome editing. CRISPR-based genome editing is the most widely used for inactivating lncRNA function at the genomic level. Knocking out the lncRNA function can be achieved by removing the promoter and the first exon (PE1), introducing pre-termination poly(A) signals, or deleting the entire locus, unlike frameshift strategies used for messenger RNA (mRNA). However, the intricate genomic interplay between lncRNA and neighbor genes makes it challenging to interpret lncRNA function accurately. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each lncRNA knockout method and envisions the potential future directions to facilitate lncRNA functional study.
Entomopathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria: from genes to field uses
Authors: Tarasco Eustachio , Fanelli Elena , Salvemini Carlo , El-Khoury Yara , Troccoli Alberto , Vovlas Alessio , De Luca Francesca
Published: August 2023

The term “microbial control” has been used to describe the use of microbial pathogens (bacteria, viruses, or fungi) or entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to control various insect pest populations. EPNs are among the best biocontrol agents, and major developments in their use have occurred in recent decades, with many surveys having been conducted all over the world to identify EPNs that may have potential in the management of insect pests. For nematodes, the term “entomopathogenic” means “causing disease to insects” and is mainly used in reference to the bacterial symbionts of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, respectively), which cause EPN infectivity. A compendium of our multiannual experiences on EPN surveys and on their collection, identification, characterization, and use in agro-forestry ecosystems is presented here to testify and demonstrate once again that biological control with EPNs is possible and offers many advantages over chemicals, such as end-user safety, minimal damage to natural enemies, and lack of environmental pollution, which are essential conditions for an advanced IPM strategy.
Polyyne-producing Burkholderia suppress Globisporangium ultimum damping-off disease of Pisum sativum (pea)
Authors: Webster Gordon , Mullins Alex J. , Petrova Yoana D. , Mahenthiralingam Eshwar
Published: August 2023

Extensive crop losses are caused by oomycete and fungal damping-off diseases. Agriculture relies heavily on chemical pesticides to control disease, but due to safety concerns multiple agents have been withdrawn. Burkholderia were successfully used as commercial biopesticides because of their fungicidal activity and plant protective traits. However, their potential for opportunistic pathogenicity led to a moratorium on their registration as biopesticides. Subsequently, Burkholderia were shown to produce multiple specialised metabolites including potent antimicrobial polyynes. Cepacin A, a polyyne produced by Burkholderia ambifaria biopesticide strains was shown to be an important metabolite for the protection of germinating peas against Globisporangium ultimum (formerly Pythium) damping-off disease. Recently, there has been an expansion in bacterial polyyne discovery, with the metabolites and their biosynthetic gene pathways found in several bacterial genera including Burkholderia, Collimonas, Trinickia, and Pseudomonas. To define the efficacy of these bacterial polyyne producers as biopesticidal agents, we systematically evaluated metabolite production, in vitro microbial antagonism, and G. ultimum biocontrol across a panel of 30 strains representing four bacterial genera. In vitro polyyne production and antimicrobial activity was demonstrated for most strains, but only Burkholderia polyyne producers were protective within the in vivo G. ultimum damping-off pea protection model. B. ambifaria was the most effective cepacin-expressing biopesticide, and despite their known potential for plant pathogenicity Burkholderia gladioli and Burkholderia plantarii were uniquely shown to be protective as caryoynencin-producing biopesticides. In summary, Burkholderia are effective biopesticides due to their suite of antimicrobials, but the ability to deploy polyyne metabolites, caryoynencin and cepacin, is strain and species dependent.

Graphical Abstract
Long-term resting EEG correlates of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and loss of consciousness: alterations in alpha-beta power
Authors: Franke Laura M. , Perera Robert A. , Sponheim Scott R.
Published: August 2023

Objective

Long-term changes to EEG spectra after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI, i.e., concussion) have been reported; however, the role of injury characteristics in long-term EEG changes is unclear. It is also unclear how any chronic EEG changes may underlie either subjective or objective cognitive difficulties, which might help explain the variability in recovery after mTBI.

Methods

This study included resting-state high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and mTBI injury data from 340 service members and veterans collected on average 11 years after injury as well as measures of objective and subjective cognitive functioning. The average absolute power within standard bands was computed across 11 spatial regions of the scalp. To determine how variation in brain function was accounted for by injury characteristics and aspects of cognition, we used regression analyses to investigate how EEG power was predicted by mTBI history characteristics [number, number with post-traumatic amnesia and witnessed loss of consciousness (PTA + LOC), context of injury (combat or non-combat), potentially concussive blast exposures], subjective complaints (TBIQOL General Cognitive and Executive Function Concerns), and cognitive performance (NIH Toolbox Fluid Intelligence and premorbid IQ).

Results

Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and loss of consciousness (LOC), poorer cognitive performance, and combat experience were associated with reduced power in beta frequencies. Executive function complaints, lower premorbid IQ, poorer cognitive performance, and higher psychological distress symptoms were associated with greater power of delta frequencies. Multiple regression confirmed the relationship between PTA + LOC, poor cognitive performance, cognitive complaints, and reduced power in beta frequencies and revealed that repetitive mTBI was associated with a higher power in alpha and beta frequencies. By contrast, neither dichotomous classification of the presence and absence of mTBI history nor blast exposures showed a relationship with EEG power variables.

Conclusion

Long-term alterations in resting EEG spectra measures of brain function do not appear to reflect any lasting effect of a history of mTBI or blast exposures. However, power in higher frequencies reflects both injury characteristics and subjective and objective cognitive difficulties, while power in lower frequencies is related to cognitive functions and psychological distress associated with poor long-term outcomes after mTBI.
Evaluation of deep learning models for quality control of MR spectra
Authors: Vaziri Sana , Liu Huawei , Xie Emily , Ratiney Hélène , Sdika Michaël , Lupo Janine M. , Xu Duan , Li Yan
Published: August 2023

Purpose

While 3D MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) provides valuable spatial metabolic information, one of the hurdles for clinical translation is its interpretation, with voxel-wise quality control (QC) as an essential and the most time-consuming step. This work evaluates the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models for automated QC filtering of individual spectra from 3D healthy control and patient datasets.

Methods

A total of 53 3D MRSI datasets from prior studies (30 neurological diseases, 13 brain tumors, and 10 healthy controls) were included in the study. Three ML models were evaluated: a random forest classifier (RF), a convolutional neural network (CNN), and an inception CNN (ICNN) along with two hybrid models: CNN + RF, ICNN + RF. QC labels used for training were determined manually through consensus of two MRSI experts. Normalized and cropped real-valued spectra was used as input. A cross-validation approach was used to separate datasets into training/validation/testing sets of aggregated voxels.

Results

All models achieved a minimum AUC of 0.964 and accuracy of 0.910. In datasets from neurological disease and controls, the CNN model produced the highest AUC (0.982), while the RF model achieved the highest AUC in patients with brain tumors (0.976). Within tumor lesions, which typically exhibit abnormal metabolism, the CNN AUC was 0.973 while that of the RF was 0.969. Data quality inference times were on the order of seconds for an entire 3D dataset, offering drastic time reduction compared to manual labeling.

Conclusion

ML methods accurately and rapidly performed automated QC. Results in tumors highlights the applicability to a variety of metabolic conditions.
Barriers associated with pulse and plant-based meat alternative consumption across sociodemographic groups: a Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour model approach
Authors: Kuosmanen Sini , Niva Mari , Pajari Anne-Maria , Korhonen Kirsi , Muilu Toivo , Konttinen Hanna
Published: August 2023

Introduction

To enhance environmental sustainability and food security, there should be a change in dietary protein consumption. It is suggested that meat consumption should be reduced and that the currently low consumption of pulses and other plant-based proteins should increase. We aimed to examine (1) how sociodemographic factors and perceived barriers are associated with self-reported current and perceived future pulse and other plant-based meat alternative (PBMA) consumption and (2) how sociodemographic factors relate to perceived barriers.

Methods

Participants were 18–75 year-old Finnish adults (n = 1,000). Multivariable logistic regression was used as the main analysis technique. The results were interpreted by employing the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behaviour (COM-B) model.

Results

Pulses were consumed more often than PBMAs and lower education level and financial strain were associated with more infrequent pulse and PBMA use. The most common perceived barriers for pulse consumption were unfamiliarity, expensive price, and unpleasant taste, which can be interpreted to represent the capability, opportunity and motivation components of the COM-B model, respectively. Women, the young, and financially strained perceived more barriers limiting their pulse consumption than others.

Discussion

To increase plant-based food consumption, it is important that tasty, easy to use and affordable plant-based foods are available for all. Additionally, we suggest that food services should be encouraged to increase the use of pulses in their dishes and that capabilities, opportunities and motivations are taken into account in intervention measures advancing plant protein consumption.
Impact of feeding volumes in the first 24 h of life on neonatal feeding intolerance
Authors: Kumar Navin , Oredein Igbagbosanmi , Al-Nahar Mohammed , Harris Nathalee , Sampath Venkatesh
Published: August 2023

Objective

This study investigates whether volumes of intake in the first 24 h of life (24 HOL), in relation to birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA), impact neonatal feeding intolerance (FI).

Methods

This study employed a retrospective chart review of 6,650 infants born at ≥35 weeks. The volumes of each formula feed per kg BW in the first 24 HOL were assessed. FI was defined as evidenced by chart documentation of emesis, abdominal distension, abdominal x-ray, and/or switching to a sensitive formula.

Results

Overall, the maximum volume of formula intake per feed was inversely correlated with GA and was higher in infants with FI (β = −1.39, p < 0.001) compared with infants without FI (β = −1.28, p < 0.001). The odds of emesis in late preterm infants with first feeding of >8 ml/kg [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4–4.6] and formula switching in the exclusively formula-fed group with volumes >10.5 ml/kg [AOR =  2.2, 95% CI (1.8–2.6)] were high. In the breastfeeding group, the odds of FI increased by 2.8-, 4.6-, and 5.2-fold with 5–10, 10–15, and >15 ml/kg of supplementations, respectively.

Conclusion

A higher volume of intake in relation to BW often exceeds the physiological stomach capacity of newborns and is associated with early FI. Optimizing early feeding volumes based on infant BW and GA may decrease FI, which may be an issue of volume intolerance.
Dasatinib suppresses particulate-induced pyroptosis and acute lung inflammation
Authors: Pan Yixi , Ikoma Kenta , Matsui Risa , Nakayama Akiyoshi , Takemura Naoki , Saitoh Tatsuya
Published: August 2023

Background: Humans are constantly exposed to various industrial, environmental, and endogenous particulates that result in inflammatory diseases. After being engulfed by immune cells, viz. Macrophages, such particulates lead to phagolysosomal dysfunction, eventually inducing pyroptosis, a form of cell death accompanied by the release of inflammatory mediators, including members of the interleukin (IL)-1 family. Phagolysosomal dysfunction results in the activation of the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, an immune complex that induces pyroptosis upon exposure to various external stimuli. However, several particulates induce pyroptosis even if the NLRP3 inflammasome is inhibited; this indicates that such inhibition is not always effective in treating diseases induced by particulates. Therefore, discovery of drugs suppressing particulate-induced NLRP3-independent pyroptosis is warranted.

Methods: We screened compounds that inhibit silica particle (SP)-induced cell death and release of IL-1α using RAW264.7 cells, which are incapable of NLRP3 inflammasome formation. The candidates were tested for their ability to suppress particulate-induced pyroptosis and phagolysosomal dysfunction using mouse primary macrophages and alleviate SP-induced NLRP3-independent lung inflammation.

Results: Several Src family kinase inhibitors, including dasatinib, effectively suppressed SP-induced cell death and IL-1α release. Furthermore, dasatinib suppressed pyroptosis induced by other particulates but did not suppress that induced by non-particulates, such as adenosine triphosphate. Dasatinib reduced SP-induced phagolysosomal dysfunction without affecting phagocytosis of SPs. Moreover, dasatinib treatment strongly suppressed the increase in IL-1α levels and neutrophil counts in the lungs after intratracheal SP administration.

Conclusion: Dasatinib suppresses particulate-induced pyroptosis and can be used to treat relevant inflammatory diseases.
Successful treatment of lung adenocarcinoma complicated with a rare compound EGFR mutation L833V/H835L using aumolertinib: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Linlin , Huang Siyuan , Qin Liying , Yan Ningning , Shen Shujing , Li Xingya
Published: August 2023

Background: The deletion of exon 19 and the Leu858Arg mutation of exon 21 are the most frequently observed mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, and patients with these mutations have shown significant benefits from EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, there exists a small subgroup of patients with uncommon/rare mutations of EGFR, including compound mutations, which display a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of clinical features and variable sensitivities to EGFR-TKIs. The understanding of these uncommon mutations and their response to targeted therapy is still unclear and requires further investigation.

Case presentation: We presented a case of a never-smoking patient with lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastasis. Initially, she received chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitor as first-line therapy as no EGFR mutations were detected by amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction. However, disease progressed rapidly. Subsequently, next-generation sequencing was carried out and revealed a rare compound mutation, L833V/H835L, in exon 21 of EGFR. As a result, she was switched to second-line therapy with the third-generation TKI aumolertinib, which demonstrated good efficacy. The patient was evaluated for a remarkable progression-free survival of 18 months and an overall survival of 29 months.

Conclusion: The present study supports that aumolertinib might be a good treatment option for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR L833V/H835L mutation, particularly in patients with brain metastasis. Furthermore, conducting a comprehensive screening for gene mutations is crucial in effectively identifying potential oncogenic driver mutations and guiding mutation-targeted therapy decisions in clinical practice.
The impact of the intensity of media use on potential tourists’ risk perception and travel protective behavioral intentions in COVID-19
Authors: Sun Ruihong , Ye Xinliang , Tang Jianping , Yang Jiexi , Scott Noel
Published: August 2023

Introduction

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased need for potential travelers to gather information about their trips to mitigate perceived risks. This study aims to understand the relationship between the intensity of media use (both new and traditional), epidemic risk perception, and tourism protection behavior intention among potential tourists.

Methods

A total of 491 valid questionnaires were collected in Shanghai, China. Factor analysis, path analysis, and effect analysis were conducted using SPSS and AMOS to examine the impact of different media types on epidemic risk perception and tourism protection behavior.

Results

The findings indicate a positive association between new media use intensity and epidemic risk perception, as well as an intention to adopt safety-conscious tourism behaviors. In contrast, traditional media usage is inversely associated with risk perception but has no significant influence on protective behavior. The results also highlight the role of demographic factors, such as age, education level, occupation, and income, in modulating the relationship between media usage and risk perception.

Discussion

The contrasting effects of new and traditional media suggest the need for a tailored approach in epidemic communication strategies. Public health officials should leverage new media to enhance risk perception and safety-oriented behaviors, while recognizing the role of traditional media in managing lower risk perceptions and assuaging panic. The study emphasizes the importance of personalized messaging based on demographic disparities in media usage and perception. The mediating role of risk perception in shaping protective behaviors offers insights for promoting adherence to safety protocols.

Conclusion

This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of media influences during health crises, emphasizing the responsibility of media platforms in transmitting accurate information. The findings call for a nuanced approach to epidemic communication, considering the strengths and weaknesses of different media types. Segmented and personalized messaging strategies can cater to demographic variations in media usage and perception. Enhancing risk perception through tailored messaging can promote protective behaviors and effectively manage public sentiment during health crises.
Is the concept of personality capacious enough to incorporate virtues?
Authors: Fowers Blaine J. , Novak Lukas F. , Kiknadze Nona C. , Selim Marah
Published: August 2023

We will consider four answers to the question about whether the concept of personality is capacious enough to incorporate virtues. The simplest is that the concept of personality encompasses all individual variations in persons. It follows from this answer that virtues would, as individual differences, be incorporated into personality. Unfortunately, definitions of personality do not always invoke such capaciousness, and, in practice, most scholars limit their work to the Big Five or HEXACO models, which do not incorporate virtues. The second answer is that the concept of personality incorporates all trait or dimension level variations across persons, with some exceptions, such as intelligence, attachment style, and psychopathy. Following this definition, virtues, as traits, would be incorporated into such a broad definition of personality. Unfortunately, the boundaries for inclusion and exclusion into personality are fuzzy in this case, and there is no extant definition of personality that solves this problem. The third answer is that personality traits and virtue traits are similar, but distinct concepts. This article presents conceptual and empirical arguments for this similarity in seeing traits as a higher order concept that includes the species of personality and the species of virtue. The fourth answer is that personality and virtue are unrelated. This answer is dismissed because there are many studies that indicate that they are correlated, and few advocate such a clear differentiation. The conclusion is that, pending conceptual and empirical results indicating otherwise, the genus-species relationship seems most fitting where traits are a genus, and personality and virtue are each a species within that genus.
Trends in bio-behavioural risk factors of non-communicable diseases among adults in Sao Tome and Principe
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl
Published: August 2023

Background

Understanding national trends in risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) may have health policy implications. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and social and demographic factors associated with risk factors of NCDs in adults from 2008 to 2019 in Sao Tome and Principe.

Methods

In repeat cross-sectional national STEPS surveys 2,457 adults (median age 37 years) in 2008 and 1,893 adults (median age 38 years) in 2019 in Sao Tome and Principe responded to structured interviews, physical and biochemical measures. Logistic regressions were applied to estimate predictors of NCD risk factors.

Results

Having three to seven NCD risk factors significantly decreased among men but not women from 36.6% in 2008 to 26.8% in 2019. The proportion of specific risk factors of NCD increased significantly for low physical activity from 17.4% in 2008 to 30.9% in 2019, and overweight/obesity from 37.3% in 2008 to 51.0% in 2019. Insufficient fruit/vegetable consumption decreased from 83.1% in 2008 to 53.3% in 2019, frequent alcohol use from 32.6% in 2008 to 24.8% in 2019, and diabetes from 3.1% in 2008 to 1.2% in 2019, while the proportion of current tobacco use and hypertension remained unchanged from 2008 to 2019. Men engaged more often than women in current tobacco use and frequent alcohol use, and women had higher rates of low physical activity and overweight/obesity than men. Higher educational levels were positively associated with overweight/obesity, and inversely associated with frequent alcohol use and inadequate fruit/vegetable intake.

Conclusion

Between 2008 and 2019, the prevalence of seven risk factors for NCDs in Sao Tome and Principe declined among men, but not among women. Several associated variables have been identified for each individual risk factor of NCD that may help guide interventions.
Detection distribution of CNVs of SNX29 in three goat breeds and their associations with growth traits
Authors: Wang Qian , Song Xiaoyue , Bi Yi , Zhu Haijing , Wu Xianfeng , Guo Zhengang , Liu Mei , Pan Chuanying
Published: August 2023

As a member of the SNX family, the goat sorting nexin 29 (SNX29) is initially identified as a myogenesis gene. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the polymorphism in the SNX29 gene and its association with growth traits. In this study, we used an online platform to predict the structures of the SNX29 protein and used quantitative real-time PCR to detect potential copy number variation (CNV) in Shaanbei white cashmere (SBWC) goats (n = 541), Guizhou black (GB) goats (n = 48), and Nubian (NB) goats (n = 39). The results showed that goat SNX29 protein belonged to non-secretory protein. Then, five CNVs were detected, and their association with growth traits was analyzed. In SBWC goats, CNV1, CNV3, CNV4, and CNV5 were associated with chest width and body length (P < 0.05). Among them, the CNV1 individuals with gain and loss genotypes were superior to those individuals with a median genotype, but CNV4 and CNV5 of individuals with the median genotype were superior to those with the loss and gain genotypes. In addition, individuals with the gain genotype had superior growth traits in CNV3. In brief, this study suggests that the CNV of SNX29 can be used as a molecular marker in goat breeding.