bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the role of left atrial strain using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with diabetes mellitus and heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Georgievska-Ismail Ljubica , Zafirovska Planinka , Hristovski Zarko
Published: July 2016

Objective:

To evaluate additional role of left atrial two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, 218 patients with heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction divided according to the presence of diabetes mellitus (108 with and 110 without) were enrolled in the study.

Methods:

Traditional parameters using two-dimensional echocardiography and Doppler imaging were measured as expressions of left ventricular diastolic function as well as peak atrial longitudinal strain and peak atrial contraction strain were measured using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

Results:

Global average peak atrial longitudinal strain and peak atrial contraction strain were significantly lower in patients with diabetes mellitus ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively) and its reduced values were significantly associated with higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively), its greater severity ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.016, respectively) and longer duration only for global average peak atrial longitudinal strain ( p = 0.030). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of diabetes mellitus appeared as independent predictor of reduced global peak atrial longitudinal strain [ B = −2.173; 95% confidence interval: −3.870 to (−0.477); p = 0.012] as well of reduced global peak atrial contraction strain [ B = −1.30; 95% confidence interval: −2.234 to (−0.366); p = 0.007].

Conclusion:

Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography appeared as a useful additional tool for detection of left atrial dysfunction in patients with heart failure who have preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and diabetes mellitus who are especially prone to develop cardiovascular complications.
RICH Economic Games for Networked Relationships and Communities: Development and Preliminary Validation in Yasawa, Fiji
Authors: Gervais Matthew M.
Published: July 2016

Experimental economic games reveal significant population variation in human social behavior. However, most protocols involve anonymous recipients, limiting their validity to fleeting interactions. Understanding human relationship dynamics will require methods with the virtues of economic games that also tap recipient identity-conditioned heuristics (RICHs). This article describes three RICH economic games—an allocation game, a taking game, and a costly reduction game—that involve monetary decisions across photos of one’s social network, integrating recipient identities while maintaining decision confidentiality. I demonstrate the ecological validity of these games in a study of male social relationships in a rural Fijian village. Deciders readily map these games onto daily life, and target earnings vary widely; consistent with ethnography, relative need is the primary rationale for decisions across the games, while both punitive and leveling motives drive reduction behavior. Consequently, altruism and spite are both elevated relative to anonymous target games in neighboring villages.
Japan’s Capital Construction Law of 1950
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi
Published: July 2016

Japan’s Capital Construction Law, enacted in 1950, was intended to create the ability to obtain special financial assistance from the state to break the impasse of Tokyo’s reconstruction by regarding its planning and development as a national undertaking. However, recent studies in Japan’s planning history claim that the law was an infringement of local autonomy. This article considers how this law was discussed in the National Diet, which enacted it, and in a local referendum among Tokyoites as well as how its original proponents, particularly the metropolitan government planner Hideaki Ishikawa, who created the reconstruction plan for Tokyo, justified it.
Use of Video Modeling to Teach Developmentally Appropriate Play With Korean American Children With Autism
Authors: Kim Sunyoung
Published: July 2016

Given the increased number of students with disabilities who have culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in the United States, there has been growing attention to the cultural responsiveness of evidence-based behavioral interventions. The current study examined the effects of video modeling intervention on social play and interactions of three Korean American children with autism. Developmentally and linguistically appropriate social and play levels were identified for each child prior to the intervention and applied to set individualized intervention goals. The children watched video clips of their mothers and the researcher engaging in appropriate social play prior to play sessions with their mothers. The results indicate that scripted verbalizations and play actions increased among all children with autism and were maintained at high levels when measured 2 weeks post intervention. Generalization across novel players and toy sets was also observed at relatively lower, but still increased levels. The procedures and results can assist practitioners and researchers in better understanding how to consider designing and implementing culturally responsive behavioral interventions for culturally and linguistically diverse children with autism and their families.
Can we reduce the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type I in distal radius fractures? The Liverpool experience
Authors: Gillespie Sharon , Cowell Fiona , Cheung Graham , Brown Daniel
Published: July 2016

Introduction

Complex regional pain syndrome is a multifaceted condition, which is relatively common after distal radius fracture.

Method

A series of audits and service evaluations were conducted from 2004 to 2013 to investigate the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type I and any correlation to tight, restrictive, over-flexed casts. Simple subsequent clinical and patient management changes were implemented and impact re-evaluated.

Results

These audits have contributed to organisational learning and a subsequent reduction in the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type I in non-operatively managed distal radius fracture from 25%, in keeping with expected incidence in the relevant literature, to a rare event (<1%).

Conclusion

The authors suggest that careful attention to the prevention of complex regional pain syndrome through staff and patient awareness, vigilance for warning signs and minor modifications to the traditional management of distal radius fractures can significantly reduce the incidence of complex regional pain syndrome type I after distal radius fracture.
Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and neonatal health: evidence to date and clinical implications
Authors: Karras Spyridon N. , Fakhoury Hana , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Grant William B. , van den Ouweland Johannes M. , Colao Anna Maria , Kotsa Kalliopi
Published: July 2016

Low maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy have been associated with a plethora of adverse neonatal outcomes, including small for gestational age and preterm births, detrimental effect on offspring bone and teeth development, and risk of infectious diseases. Although most observational studies indicate a significant linear relationship between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the above outcomes, some randomized controlled trials to date are inconclusive, mostly due to differences in study design and supplementation regimen. The currently available results indicate that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, dental caries of infancy, and neonatal infectious diseases such as respiratory infections and sepsis. This narrative review aims to summarize available trial results regarding the effect of low maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy, in conjunction with neonatal outcomes on the field, with a discourse on the appropriate clinical approach of this important issue.
Renal transitional cell carcinoma with bilateral ocular metastasis in a cat
Authors: Grader Irit , Southard Teresa L , Neaderland Marjorie H
Published: July 2016

Case summary A 4-year-old, spayed female, domestic shorthair cat was presented for evaluation due to a 4 day history of inappetence and lethargy. Physical examination revealed mild dehydration and blindness of the left eye. Abnormal imaging findings included a well-margined soft tissue mass with irregular central cavity located in the dorsal aspect of the caudal lung lobe. Cytological examination of the mass revealed chronic inflammation with hemorrhage. Tests for parasitic and fungal diseases were negative. Ophthalmic examination 17 days after the cat was initially presented revealed severe diffuse pathology of both retinas. Left renomegaly was noted 22 days after the initial presentation, and cytological examination of samples obtained from the right vitreous, left kidney and the pulmonary mass yielded atypical epithelial cells exhibiting malignant changes. Post-mortem examination following euthanasia revealed renal transitional cell carcinoma with metastasis to both eyes, lungs and skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the neoplastic cells in the eye revealed moderate cytoplasmic reactivity for CK7. CK20 immunohistochemistry was negative.

Relevance and novel information To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of renal transitional cell carcinoma with ocular metastasis in a cat. In addition, this report describes immunohistochemistry results of transitional cell carcinoma in a cat using CK7 and CK20.
Different Stabilization Techniques for Type 62B3 Acetabular Fractures in Combination With Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients
Authors: Uvarovas Valentinas , Šatkauskas Igoris , Urbonavičius Robertas , Bučinskas Vytautas , Griškevičius Julius , Vengrauskas Vytautas , Petryla Giedrius , Masionis Povilas , Andrijauskas Audrius , Porvaneckas Narūnas
Published: July 2016

Introduction:

The total hip arthroplasty (THA) as part of acute fracture management is used for acetabular fractures in elderly patients. Our objective was to assess the stability of osteosynthesis performed using 2 different techniques in combination with THA in an experimental model.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted 20 experiments using the left-side hemipelves composite bone models. There were 2 testing groups: 1- and 2-stage osteosynthesis. The acetabular fractures of the anterior column and posterior hemitransverse were simulated. The same THA technique was used in both groups. The stability of osteosynthesis was explored and compared between the groups by measuring the fracture displacement of anterior and posterior columns under the standardized test load (1187 N) protocol. Load distance diagrams were generated.

Results:

The 0.680-mm gap (0.518; 1.548) of the posterior column in the 1-stage group (n = 10) was higher than the 0.370-mm gap (0.255; 0.428) in the 2-stage group (n = 10; P = .002). There was no significant difference between the gap of the anterior column in the 1- and 2-stage groups (0.135 [0.078; 0.290] mm vs 0.160 [0.120; 0.210] mm; P = .579).

Conclusion:

The 2-stage osteosynthesis of the anterior and posterior columns in combination with THA provides better stability of posterior column when compared to 1-stage method in composite bone models.
Patients With Multiple Myeloma Have More Complications After Surgical Treatment of Hip Fracture
Authors: Park Kwan Jun , Menendez Mariano E. , Mears Simon C. , Barnes C. Lowry
Published: July 2016

Objectives:

Bone lesions from multiple myeloma may lead to pathological fracture of the proximal femur, requiring either fixation or arthroplasty. Little is known about the impact of multiple myeloma on hip fracture care. We investigated whether the patients with multiple myeloma undergoing surgical treatment of hip fractures would be at increased risk for adverse outcomes versus patients who sustain a hip fracture without multiple myeloma.

Methods:

Using discharge records from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2011), we identified 2 440 513 patients older than 50 years of age with surgically treated hip fractures. Of which, 4011 (0.2%) were found to have multiple myeloma. We compared perioperative outcomes between the patients with multiple myeloma and the nonmultiple myeloma patients using multivariable logistic regression modeling.

Results:

Patients with multiple myeloma were more likely to have several postoperative complications, such as in-hospital pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.51), sepsis (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.32-2.25), surgical site infection (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.38-2.00), and acute renal failure (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.14-1.43). We found that myeloma was not associated with increased inpatient mortality, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, thromboembolic events, or pulmonary embolism.

Conclusion:

Patients with multiple myeloma are at increased risk for immediate postoperative complications following surgical treatment of hip fractures including in-hospital pneumonia, surgical site infection, and acute renal failure but not hospital mortality, when compared to hip fracture patients without multiple myeloma. Perioperative management of hip fractures in patients with myeloma may be optimized by increased awareness of these risks in this subset of patients.
Doctoral Students’ Research Stall
Authors: Lepp Liina , Remmik Marvi , Leijen Äli , Leijen Djuddah A. J.
Published: July 2016

We explored doctoral supervisors’ explanations for students’ lack of progress toward gaining their degree and describe the activities that supervisors said they take on such occasions. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews from 21 supervisors specializing in the fields of natural and educational sciences and then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicated that supervisors communicated understanding about the stalling of studies. The supervisors noted that it is important that students have the knowledge and skills suitable to maintain progress toward their degree. However, the supervisors indicated that successful progress depends on a student’s initiative to ask for help, believing that because the student is an adult learner, they should be intrinsically motivated. Consequently, supervisors often adopt a wait-and-see attitude in terms of their intervention strategy.
CITY Leaders
Authors: Shera Wes , Murray Janet M.
Published: July 2016

In 2008, United Way Toronto (UWT) launched the Creative Institute for Toronto’s Young (CITY) Leaders, a leadership development program for diverse young people working and volunteering in the community and social service sector across Toronto, Canada. The investment in leadership capacity building provided a unique opportunity to explore the short- to medium-term outcomes of the 104 youth who participated in five different program cohorts over 4 years. The UWT set out to evaluate the CITY Leaders Program by focusing primarily on its outcomes and effectiveness. This article provides a retrospective assessment of the impact of CITY Leaders, primarily through program graduates’ reflections on their learning and leadership development experience. It also documents outcomes at the personal, professional, and community levels.
Graduate Employability and Communication Competence
Authors: Clokie Trish L. , Fourie Elna
Published: July 2016

This research establishes the role of communication education in employability by determining how employers of graduates view communication, identifying communication skills that employers view as relevant, and establishing whether these skills are included in communication courses. To achieve these aims, local businesses were surveyed, and the results were compared with communication course descriptors. The research shows, consistent with worldwide trends, that local employers value communication competencies highly when recruiting new graduates, and specific communication skills required in an industry reflect course content. However, some skills are still lacking, and the research questions where the responsibility lies in developing these skills.
Continuous laryngoscopy quantitates laryngeal behaviour in exercise and recovery
Authors: Olin J. Tod , Clary Matthew S. , Fan Elizabeth M. , Johnston Kristina L. , State Claire M. , Strand Matthew , Christopher Kent L.
Published: July 2016

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (E-ILO) causes exertional dyspnoea. There is no standardised methodology which characterises laryngeal obstruction in relation to exercise or links laryngeal obstruction and dyspnoea severity. Continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE) may improve diagnostic sensitivity by enabling laryngeal visualisation at peak work capacity in patients with rapidly resolving obstruction. The time course of laryngeal obstruction across exercise and recovery has not been quantitated until this report.

Adolescents and young adults referred for CLE were laryngoscopically monitored across rest, maximal cycle ergometry exercise, and recovery. Three reviewers, blinded to time sequencing, rated inspiratory glottic and supraglottic obstruction during 10 windows of 15-s corresponding to rest, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 100% of individual symptom-limited peak work capacity (expressed in Watts), and four consecutive recovery windows.

85 patients were screened and 71 included. Over 96% of time windows were interpretable. Laryngeal obstruction severity reached observed maximal levels at peak work capacity, and rapidly resolved. A spectrum of observed maximal obstruction was measured.

CLE provides interpretable data demonstrating laryngeal obstruction in patients with suspected E-ILO that is more severe at peak work capacity than during rest, submaximal exercise, or recovery. Observed maximal obstruction was infrequently severe and rapidly resolved.
Role of interleukin-1 receptor 1/MyD88 signalling in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Parpaleix Aurélien , Amsellem Valérie , Houssaini Amal , Abid Shariq , Breau Marielle , Marcos Elisabeth , Sawaki Daigo , Delcroix Marion , Quarck Rozenn , Maillard Aurélie , Couillin Isabelle , Ryffel Bernhard , Adnot Serge
Published: July 2016

Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PA-SMC) proliferation and inflammation are key components of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Interleukin (IL)-1β binds to IL-1 receptor (R)1, thereby recruiting the molecular adaptor myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) (involved in IL-1R1 and Toll-like receptor signal transduction) and inducing IL-1, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α synthesis through nuclear factor-κB activation.

We investigated the IL-1R1/MyD88 pathway in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension.

Marked IL-1R1 and MyD88 expression with predominant PA-SMC immunostaining was found in lungs from patients with idiopathic PAH, mice with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension and SM22-5-HTT+mice. Elevations in lung IL-1β, IL-1R1, MyD88 and IL-6 preceded pulmonary hypertension in hypoxic mice. IL-1R1−/−, MyD88−/−and control mice given the IL-1R1 antagonist anakinra were protected similarly against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and perivascular macrophage recruitment. Anakinra reversed pulmonary hypertension partially in SM22-5-HTT+mice and markedly in monocrotaline-treated rats. IL-1β-mediated stimulation of mouse PA-SMC growth was abolished by anakinra and absent in IL-1R1−/−and MyD88−/−mice. Gene deletion confined to the myeloid lineage (M.lys-Cre MyD88fl/flmice) decreased pulmonary hypertension severityversuscontrols, suggesting IL-1β-mediated effects on PA-SMCs and macrophages. The growth-promoting effect of media conditioned by M1 or M2 macrophages from M.lys-Cre MyD88fl/flmice was attenuated.

Pulmonary vessel remodelling and inflammation during pulmonary hypertension require IL-1R1/MyD88 signalling. Targeting the IL-1β/IL-1R1 pathway may hold promise for treating human PAH.
A phase III randomised controlled trial of single-dose triple therapy in COPD: the IMPACT protocol
Authors: Pascoe Steven J. , Lipson David A. , Locantore Nicholas , Barnacle Helen , Brealey Noushin , Mohindra Rajat , Dransfield Mark T. , Pavord Ian , Barnes Neil
Published: July 2016

Patients with symptomatic advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who experience recurrent exacerbations are particularly at risk of poor outcomes and present a significant burden on healthcare systems. The relative merits of treating with different inhaled combination therapiese.g.inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), LABA/long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), ICS/LABA/LAMA, in this patient group are poorly understood, as is reflected in current guidelines. The InforMing the PAthway of COPD Treatment (IMPACT) study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluticasone furoate (FF)/umeclidinium (UMEC)/vilanterol (VI)versusFF/VI or UMEC/VI over a 52-week treatment period. The study has been designed with a focus on understanding the comparative merits of each treatment modality in different phenotypes/endotypes.

This is a phase III, randomised, double-blind, three-arm, parallel-group, global multicentre study comparing the rate of moderate and severe exacerbations between FF/UMEC/VI and FF/VI or UMEC/VI over a 52-week treatment period. The study aims to recruit 10 000 patients from approximately 1070 centres. Eligible patients are aged ≥40 years, with symptomatic advanced COPD (Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group D) and an exacerbation in the previous 12 months.

The first patients were recruited to the IMPACT study (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02164513) in June 2014 and the anticipated completion date is July 2017.
Effects of acute hypoxia on human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis
Authors: Mahat Bimit , Chassé Étienne , Mauger Jean-François , Imbeault Pascal
Published: July 2016

Background

Adipose tissue regulates postprandial lipid metabolism by storing dietary fat through lipoprotein lipase-mediated hydrolysis of exogenous triglycerides, and by inhibiting delivery of endogenous non-esterified fatty acid to nonadipose tissues. Animal studies show that acute hypoxia, a model of obstructive sleep apnea, reduces adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and increases non-esterified fatty acid release, adversely affecting postprandial lipemia. These observations remain to be tested in humans.

Methods

We used differentiated human preadipocytes exposed to acute hypoxia as well as adipose tissue biopsies obtained from 10 healthy men exposed for 6 h to either normoxia or intermittent hypoxia following an isocaloric high-fat meal.

Results

In differentiated preadipocytes, acute hypoxia induced a 6-fold reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity. In humans, the rise in postprandial triglyceride levels did not differ between normoxia and intermittent hypoxia. Non-esterified fatty acid levels were higher during intermittent hypoxia session. Intermittent hypoxia did not affect subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. No differences were observed in lipolytic responses of isolated subcutaneous abdominal adipocytes between normoxia and intermittent hypoxia sessions.

Conclusions

Acute hypoxia strongly inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity in differentiated human preadipocytes. Acute intermittent hypoxia increases circulating plasma non-esterified fatty acid in young healthy men, but does not seem to affect postprandial triglyceride levels, nor subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and adipocyte lipolysis.
Interferon-inducible guanylate-binding proteins at the interface of cell-autonomous immunity and inflammasome activation
Authors: Man Si Ming , Place David E , Kuriakose Teneema , Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi
Published: July 2016

Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are essential components of cell-autonomous immunity. In response to IFN signaling, GBPs are expressed in the cytoplasm of immune and nonimmune cells, where they unleash their antimicrobial activity toward intracellular bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Recent studies have revealed that GBPs are essential for mediating activation of the caspase-1 inflammasome in response to the gram-negative bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Francisella novicida, Chlamydia muridarum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Legionella pneumophila, Vibrio cholerae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter koseri. During infection with vacuolar-restricted gram-negative bacteria, GBPs disrupt the vacuolar membrane to ensure liberation of LPS for cytoplasmic detection by caspase-11 and the noncanonical NLRP3 inflammasome. In response to certain cytosolic bacteria, GBPs liberate microbial DNA for activation of the DNA-sensing AIM2 inflammasome. GBPs also promote the recruitment of antimicrobial proteins, including NADPH oxidase subunits and autophagy-associated proteins to the Mycobacterium-containing vacuole to mediate intracellular bacterial killing. Here, we provide an overview on the emerging relationship between GBPs and activation of the inflammasome in innate immunity to microbial pathogens.
About a Stone
Authors: Reinert Hugo
Published: July 2016

Can a stone be a critter? Placing multispecies studies in conversation with the geological turn, this article examines the place of a particular sacrifice stone in the ambit of a coastal mining development in northern Norway. The argument develops a reading of resource capitalism as ontological project—using the stone as a lens to explore imaginaries of relational personhood, the distribution of harm, and the limits of vulnerability. In closing, the article relates the “life” of the stone to ongoing discussions about the Anthropocene and how to develop novel, more inclusive research imaginaries—specifically, research imaginaries that address (and subvert) a modern “geontology” that renders the inorganic as passive, inert, and freely available for exploitation.
Intimal Sarcoma of the Descending Aorta Mimicking Aortitis
Authors: Pucci Angela , De Martino Andrea , Levantino Maurizio , Berchiolli Raffaella , Basolo Fulvio , Bortolotti Uberto
Published: July 2016

We describe a 74-year-old male patient with an intimal sarcoma of the descending aorta mimicking aortitis. The patient presented with lower back pain, fever, and increased C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) serum levels, together with Staphylococcus epidermidis-positive blood cultures. These findings, together with evidence of a 49-mm pseudoaneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta, caused us to suspect aortitis. However, postoperative histology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of an intimal aortic sarcoma. At the 8-month follow-up, local recurrence of the neoplasm and lung metastases were noted.
The day surgery experience from the perspective of service users
Authors: McCloy Oonagh , McCutcheon Karen
Published: July 2016

Although health policy would suggest that day surgery is the best service for patients undergoing a surgical procedure, it is important to consider the patient and whether this type of service is what they want. This information can be generated through a service evaluation with the results used to inform local decision-making, changes to care delivery and improvements in patient care. This article describes the results of a service evaluation performed in a single-site day surgery unit.
Mentoring and you
Authors: Snowden Michael , Ellwood Fiona , McSherry Rob , Halsall Jamie , Hough Donna
Published: July 2016

Fiona Ellwood et al, 2016 explore dental care professionals' (DCPs') awareness of mentorship and clinical governance as part of a local professional development programme
Applying Sequential Analytic Methods to Self-Reported Information to Anticipate
Care Needs
Authors: Bayliss Elizabeth A. , Powers J. David , Ellis Jennifer L. , Barrow Jennifer , Strobel Mary Jo , Beck Arne
Published: July 2016

Purpose: Identifying care needs for newly enrolled or newly insured individuals is
important under the Affordable Care Act. Systematically collected patient-reported
information can potentially identify subgroups with specific care needs prior to service
use.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort investigation of 6,047 individuals who
completed a 10-question needs assessment upon initial enrollment in Kaiser Permanente
Colorado (KPCO), a not-for-profit integrated delivery system, through the Colorado State
Individual Exchange. We used responses from the Brief Health Questionnaire (BHQ), to
develop a predictive model for receiving care in the top 25% for cost, then applied
cluster analytic techniques to identify different high cost subpopulations.
Per-member-per-month cost was measured from 6-12 months following BHQ
response.Results: BHQ responses significantly predictive of high cost care included
self-reported health status, functional limitations, medication use, presence of 0-4
chronic conditions, self-reported ED use during the prior year, and lack of prior
insurance. Age, gender, and deductible-based insurance product were also predictive. The
largest possible range of predicted probabilities of being in the top 25% of cost was
3.5% to 96.4%. Within the top cost quartile, examples of potentially actionable clusters
of patients included those with high morbidity, prior utilization, depression risk and
financial constraints; high morbidity, previously uninsured individuals with few
financial constraints; and relatively healthy, previously insured individuals with
medication needs.Conclusions: Applying sequential predictive modeling and cluster
analytic techniques to patient-reported information can identify subgroups of
individuals within heterogeneous populations who may benefit from specific interventions
to optimize initial care delivery.
Dress anxiety
Authors: Salecl Renata
Published: July 2016

Each of the contributions to this issue addresses the interplay between conformity and transgression or resistance involved in fashion and fashion choices. Using a range of disciplinary perspectives and critical frameworks, they each explore particular aspects of how the laws of fashion are established, maintained and negotiated, and the social, psychical or political consequences of such negotiations.

This introductory article examines fashion anxiety, in particular the wedding-dress anxieties reported by women on Internet forums. Although anxiety about dress as self-presentation in relation to the written and unwritten rules that govern our positioning within society is not new, there is evidence that fashion anxiety has increased in recent times, when and where the ideology of choice has become more dominant. An apparently greater freedom from social constraints and authorities has made it more difficult to make the ‘right’ choice, increasing feelings of guilt, inadequacy and anxiety.

The dilemma of wanting to ‘fit in’ and at the same time to ‘stand out’ as an individual is, in Lacanian psychoanalytic terms, a question of how one is positioned within the social symbolic network (the big Other). This is a question that is not just about acceptance by society in general, but how one is perceived by particular others, and about whether one is desired. Such questions have psychic dimensions and consequences – for self-image, self-esteem, even self-punishment. It is perhaps not surprising then, that some brides-to-be, confronted by the seemingly straightforward question of ‘what to wear?’ turn to forms of ad-hoc therapy from peers and ‘professional experts’ on the Internet.
POSSIBILIDADES DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO TURISMO ÉTNICO NAS COMUNIDADES QUILOMBOLAS DE DIAMANTINA/MG: OPORTUNIDADES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Silva Elcione Luciana da
Published: July 2016

O conceito do turismo étnico vem se desenvolvendo nas últimas décadas e envolve a valorização cultural e possibilidade de promover diversas experiências e inter-relações entre visitantes e comunidades quilombolas. Este artigo versa sobre as comunidades quilombolas (Mata dos Crioulos, Vargem do Inhaí e Quartel de Indaiá – Diamantina/MG), que vêm sofrendo conflitos e pressões de ordem territorial, o que dificulta ainda mais a manutenção da cultura local. O objetivo desta pesquisa é sugerir o desenvolvimento do turismo étnico nas mesmas como forma de desenvolvimento local e valorização do patrimônio cultural material e imaterial. Para alcançar o resultado da pesquisa foram utilizadas referências bibliográficas e documentais.Palavra-chaves: Turismo étnico; comunidades quilombolas; conflitos ambientais e territoriais.
Editorial
Authors: Crawford Mark
Published: July 2016

Download this article from UCL Discovery.
(Re)conceptualization of ‘Culturally Relevant Pedagogy’: Its implication to multicultural education in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jonghun , Choi Juri
Published: July 2016

This study aims to analyze the idea of ‘culturally relevant pedagogy’ proposed by Ladson-Billings and to provide implications to multicultural education in South Korea. To accomplish the goal, this study investigates three tenets of culturally relevant pedagogy: academic success, cultural competence, and critical or sociopolitical consciousness, and then it reinforces original intention of each tenet for better practice. Finally, this study discusses what should be taken into consideration in order to practice culturally relevant pedagogy in accordance with contexts and circumstance of Korean multicultural education.
The analysis of the relationship between epistemological beliefs and TPACK education competence among pre-service teachers
Authors: Efilti Erkan , Coklar Ahmet Naci
Published: July 2016

The purpose of the present research is defining TPACK education competence and epistemological beliefs of pre-service teachers, and presenting the relationship between TPACK education competence and epistemological belief. In accordance with this purpose, TPACK education competence scale and Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire were conducted on 342 (222 female-65%, 120 male-35%) pre-service teachers studying senior year at Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Education in 2012-2013 academic-year. According to the findings obtained from the present designed in quantitative method, pre-service teachers’ epistemological belief scores are ranked as learning process-casting doubt on authority/expert knowledge, learning effort, innate/fixed ability, and certainty of knowledge. As for TPACK education competencies, pre-service teachers perceive themselves as advanced level. Another finding is that, gender is not an effective variable in terms of epistemological beliefs and TPACK education competencies among pre-service teachers. For the correlations between TPACK education competencies and epistemological beliefs among pre-service teachers, only learning process and doubt on expert knowledge factors are positively correlated with TPACK competencies at medium level. From this perspective, it can be claimed that TPACK education competencies are higher among pre-service teachers who tend to believe that acquiring knowledge process is important in learning.
Can Polluting Firms Favor Regulation?
Authors: Muñoz-García Félix , Akhundjanov Sherzod B.
Published: July 2016

This paper investigates the production decisions of firms with asymmetric environmental damages, and how their profits are affected by environmental regulation. We demonstrate that emission fees entail a negative effect on firms’ profits, since they increase unit production costs. However, fees can also produce a positive effect for a relatively inefficient firm, given that environmental regulation mitigates its cost disadvantage. If such a disadvantage is sufficiently large, we show that the positive effect dominates, thus leading this firm to actually favor the introduction of environmental policy, while the relatively efficient firm opposes regulation. Furthermore, we show that such support can originate from polluting companies.
Electron transport in silicon nanowires having different cross-sections
Authors: Muscato Orazio , Castiglione Tina
Published: July 2016

Transport phenomena in silicon nanowires with different cross-section are investigated using an Extended Hydrodynamic model, coupled to the Schrödinger-Poisson system. The model has been formulated by closing the moment system derived from the Boltzmann equation on the basis of the maximum entropy principle of Extended Thermodynamics, obtaining explicit closure relations for the high-order fluxes and the production terms. Scattering of electrons with acoustic and non polar optical phonons have been taken into account. The bulk mobility is evaluated for square and equilateral triangle cross-sections of the wire.
Inhomogeneous vortex tangles in counterflow superfluid turbulence: flow in convergent channels
Authors: Saluto Lidia , Mongioví Maria Stella
Published: July 2016

We investigate the evolution equation for the average vortex length per unit volume L of superfluid turbulence in inhomogeneous flows. Inhomogeneities in line density L andincounterflowvelocity V may contribute to vortex diffusion, vortex formation and vortex destruction. We explore two different families of contributions: those arising from asecondorder expansionofthe Vinenequationitself, andthose whichare notrelated to the original Vinen equation but must be stated by adding to it second-order terms obtained from dimensional analysis or other physical arguments.
Dynamics of a bubble rising in gravitational field
Authors: De Bernardis Enrico , Riccardi Giorgio
Published: July 2016

The rising motion in free space of a pulsating spherical bubble of gas and vapour driven by the gravitational force, in an isochoric, inviscid liquid is investigated. The liquid is at rest at the initial time, so that the subsequent flow is irrotational. For this reason, the velocity field due to the bubble motion is described by means of a potential, which is represented through an expansion based on Legendre polynomials. A system of two coupled, ordinary and nonlinear differential equations is derived for the vertical position of the bubble center of mass and for its radius. This latter equation is a modified form of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation, including a term proportional to the kinetic energy associated to the translational motion of the bubble.
Synergistic induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by interleukin 1β and 5-azacytidine
Authors: Khajeniazi Safoura , Solati Mahin , Yazdani Yaghuob , Soleimani Masoud , Kianmehr Anvarsadat
Published: July 2016

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a cytokine protein expressed by cardiomyocyte in myocardial damage-associated inflammation. Although several methods are currently available for treatment of heart diseases none of them are completely successful. Recently, stem cells have gained enormous attention and are expected to play a significant role for treating heart diseases. 5-Azacytidine (5-aza) has recently been found to cause stimulation of stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Here we present the determination of whether IL-1β can induce the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiomyocytes. MSCs were derived from bone marrow, propagated and then cultured in differentiation medium supplemented with 5-aza and IL-1β (at two levels, 5 and 10 ng/ml). After 21 days, total RNA was extracted and cDNA synthesis was carried out. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) was performed for detecting cardiac-specific markers. Besides, to investigate the expression of cardiac markers in protein levels, immunocytochemistry was done by specific antibodies. Ultimately, cardiac markers expression suggested that IL-1β and 5-aza synergistically induces the cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Extraction and Analysis of Inter-area Oscillation Using Improved Multi-signal Matrix Pencil Algorithm Based on Data Reduction in Power System
Authors: Liu Cheng , Cai Guowei , Yang Deyou , Sun Zhenglong
Published: July 2016

In this paper, a robust online approach based on wavelet transform and matrix pencil (WTMP) is proposed to extract the dominant oscillation mode and parameters (frequency, damping, and mode shape) of a power system from wide-area measurements. For accurate and robust extraction of parameters, WTMP is verified as an effective identification algorithm for output-only modal analysis. First, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to reduce the covariance signals obtained by natural excitation technique. Second, the orders and range of the corresponding frequency are determined by SVD from positive power spectrum matrix. Finally, the modal parameters are extracted from each mode of reduced signals using the matrix pencil algorithm in different frequency ranges. Compared with the original algorithm, the advantage of the proposed method is that it reduces computation data size and can extract mode shape. The effectiveness of the scheme, which is used for accurate extraction of the dominant oscillation mode and its parameters, is thoroughly studied and verified using the response signal data generated from 4-generator 2-area and 16-generator 5-area test systems.
Hilary of Poitiers’ “Ruled” Exegesis in His De Trinitate: A Case-Study of John 1:1–2
Authors: Toom Tarmo
Published: July 2016

This article studies the role of theological preunderstanding in interpreting the text of Scripture in the middle of the fourth century CE. It investigates Hilary of Poitier’s use of Scripture in Trinitarian controversies, his hermeneutical approach in his De Trinitate, and his theological exegesis of John 1:1–2. It is contended that Hilary’s pro-Nicene theology determined his particular reading of the opening verses of the Gospel of John. The article demonstrates how this exactly worked. Encountering the exegesis of Arius/‘Arians’/Latin Homoeans, Hilary attempted to show that the Son was eternally born from the Father and therefore, one could not speak about the temporal or even pre-temporal beginning of the Son’s existence. The Son already “was” “in the beginning.”
Comparison of material properties in butt welds of used and unused polyethylene pipes for natural gas distribution
Authors: Talhi Fatima Zohra , Benaniba Mohamed Tahar , Belhaneche-Bensemra Naima , Massardier Valérie
Published: July 2016

The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the long term performance of butt welded polyethylene (PE) pipes in comparison to non-welded counterparts. Therefore, old welded PE pipes with different ages that had been used in Algerian gas distribution systems for up to 30 years were investigated. Samples prepared by butt welding of unaged pipes were used as reference. Crystallinity, melt rheology and thermal stability of pipes materials were examined at the weld zone and at the pipe wall. In order to assess the mechanical strength of welds, tensile test was conducted on both welded and unwelded specimens and the results of the strain to failure were considered for the determination of the weld factor. Compared to the reference, the results revealed that the crystallinity of PE materials at the weld zone was not affected by ageing as at the pipe wall. However, a slight decrease of the melt viscosity was observed for both welded and non-welded samples. The welds were found to be more sensitive to thermal and oxidative degradation than the parent pipes while the remaining amount of antioxidants was sufficient for service continuation. The tensile results indicate that welds strength were almost unaffected by ageing.
History of chemical sensitivity and diagnosis
Authors: Rea William J.
Published: July 2016

Histories of mold, pollen, dust, food, chemicals, and electromagnetic field (EMF) sensitivities are the major categories of triggers for chemical sensitivity. They are tied together by the coherence phenomenon, where each has its own frequencies and identifiable EMF; therefore, they can be correlated. The diagnosis of chemical sensitivity can be done accurately in a less-polluted, controlled environment, as was done in these studies. The principles of diagnosis and treatment depend on total environmental and total body pollutant loads, masking or adaptation, bipolarity of response, and biochemical individuality, among others. These principles make less-polluted, controlled conditions necessary. The clinician has to use less-polluted water and organic food with individual challenges for testing, including dust, mold, pesticide, natural gas, formaldehyde, particulates, and EMF testing, which needs to be performed in less-polluted copper-screened rooms. The challenge tests for proof of chemical sensitivity include inhaled toxics within a clean booth that is chemical- and particulate-free at ambient doses in parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb). Individual foods, both organic and commercial (that are contaminated with herbicides and pesticides), are used orally. Water testing and intradermal testing are performed in a less-polluted, controlled environment. These include specific dose injections of molds, dust, and pollen that are preservative-free, individual organic foods, and individual chemicals, i.e. methane, ethane, propane, butane, hexane, formaldehyde, ethanol, car exhaust, jet fuel exhaust, and prosthetic implants (metal plates, pacemakers, mesh, etc.). Normal saline is used as a placebo. EMF testing is performed in a copper-screened room using a frequency generator. In our experience, 80% of the EMF-sensitive patients had chemical sensitivity when studied under less-polluted conditions for particulates, controlled natural gas, pesticides, and chemicals like formaldehyde.
Photoperiodic Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow in White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
Authors: Borniger Jeremy C. , Teplitsky Seth , Gnyawali Surya , Nelson Randy J. , Rink Cameron
Published: July 2016

Individuals living outside the tropics need to adjust their behavioral and physiological repertoires throughout the year to adapt to the changing seasons. White-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) reduce hippocampal volumes, hippocampal-dependent memory function, long-term potentiation, and alter neurogenesis in response to short (winter-like) day lengths (photoperiods). During winter, these mice putatively shunt energy away from the brain to maximize peripheral thermogenesis, immune function, and survival. We hypothesized that these changes in brain function are accompanied by alterations in brain vasculature. We maintained white-footed mice in short (8 h light/16 h dark) or long (16 h light/8 h dark) photoperiods for 8–9 weeks. Mice were then perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) lectin to visualize the perfused cerebrovasculature. Short-day mice reduced hippocampal and cortical capillary density (FITC+area); vessels isolated from short day-exposed mice expressed higher mRNA levels of the gelatinase matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Additionally, short-day mice reduced cerebral blood flow ∼15% compared with their long-day counterparts, as assessed by laser speckle flowmetry. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher levels of MMP2 in the hippocampus of mice maintained in short days compared with long days, potentially contributing to the observed vascular remodeling. These data demonstrate that a discrete environmental signal (i.e., day length) can substantially alter cerebral blood flow in adult mammals.