bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Educational Environment in University: Who is More Comfortable Studying in It?
Authors: Sorokova M.G.
Published: May 2020

The article presents the comparative empirical study findings of the opinions of students after completing e-courses in mathematical methods in psycho-educational researches in blended learning format according to the “flipped classroom” model. Possible learning difficulties are examined, the involvement, learning and testing independence, the practical benefits and the attitude to this format among master’s programs and second higher education programs students as compared with undergraduate programs students are assessed. Using the logistic regression analysis method the predictors characterizing each of these categories are determined. Contrary to expectations, the differences are not fundamental, which refutes the prevailing stereotypes. The overwhelming majority of both groups students did not have significant difficulties, the tests were useful for better content assimilation, the e-course allowed them to track their individual trajectory, and there were enough personal contacts with the teacher. Master’s programs students and students of the second higher education ones almost unanimously disagree that the e-courses reduce the education quality, but agree that the use of online-courses is a modern need, and it is high time to introduce them. Almost all students of both groups believe that online-learning solves the problems of employed students, and claim that they like this e-course. Students of master’s programs and students of the second higher education ones are more likely to argue that they studied much more intensively in e-course seminars than in traditional in-class education, and immediately got involved in the learning process, and less often agree to replace face-to-face classes with webinars. They somewhat less often confirm that they helped classmates at the seminars. The course is rated as practically useful. The problem of dishonest strategies requires further investigation. The total sample size N = 344 students of psychological faculties of the Moscow State University of Psychology and Education.
Return Times of Large Earthquakes Cannot Be Estimated Correctly from Seismicity Rates: 1906 San Francisco and 1717 Alpine Fault Ruptures
Authors: Wyss Max
Published: May 2020

The unproven assumption that the Gutenberg–Richter (GR) relationship can be extrapolated to estimate the return time, Tr (1/probability of occurrence), of major and large earthquakes has been shown to be incorrect along 196 faults, so far. Here, two more examples of great, well-known faults that do not produce enough earthquakes to fulfill the hypothesis are analyzed. The 300 km section of the San Andreas fault, California, United States, that ruptured in 1906 in the M 8 San Francisco earthquake, produced 200 earthquakes with M≥2 in the last 52 yr, when about 250,000 such events are expected according to the hypothesis. Along a 250 km section that broke in an M 7.9 earthquake in 1717 along the Alpine fault, New Zealand, the number of reported M≥3.6 earthquakes during the last 34 yr was 100, when about 6000 would be expected, based on the hypothesis. Extrapolating the GR relationships for these two fault segments, one estimates Tr of mainshocks of M 8 to be about 10,000 and 100,000 for the 1717 and 1906 ruptures, respectively. Regardless of choice of analysis parameters, this is by factors of 10–400 larger than estimates based on paleogeology, tectonics, and geodesy. In addition, second catalogs for each case yield estimates of probabilities for M 8 earthquakes along the 1717 and 1906 rupture segments that differ by factors of about 2 and 80 (between 5000 and 98,000 yr) from the first respective catalogs. It follows that the probability of large earthquakes cannot be estimated correctly based on local seismicity rates along major faults.
Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring to Detect Drug Interaction between Pazopanib and Warfarin: A Case Report
Authors: Takasaki Shinya , Adachi Hisanobu , Kawasaki Yoshihide , Kikuchi Masafumi , Ito Akihiro , Mano Nariyasu
Published: May 2020

Pazopanib is an orally available multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we report the case of a patient with RCC with an increased prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) due to pazopanib therapy. In addition, we have reported the change in the blood levels of pazopanib. A 75-year-old man underwent a left nephrectomy for RCC. Four years later, his cancer recurred and pazopanib therapy was initiated. He was also taking warfarin for atrial fibrillation and his PT-INR was constant at approximately 2. His warfarin dose was reduced from 3.5 mg/day to 3.0 mg/day on day 10 because his PT-INR increased from 2.19 to 3.07 compared to that before starting pazopanib. On day 28, his PT-INR further increased to 4.34, and his aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels increased. The target concentration of pazopanib was 20.5 to 50.3 µg/mL, but his blood concentrations were 92.1 µg/mL on day 6 and 93.7 µg/mL on day 13. Therefore, both pazopanib and warfarin were discontinued. One week later, his laboratory tests recovered, and hence, warfarin treatment was resumed. However, pazopanib therapy was terminated due to concerns about liver dysfunction. His hepatic dysfunction and increased PT-INR were considered to be due to pazopanib treatment. Pazopanib has been reported to have no effect on the pharmacokinetics of warfarin in clinical patients. In this case, blood levels of pazopanib were abnormally high, possibly causing liver dysfunction and drug interactions, leading to his PT-INR prolongation. TDM monitoring, in addition to the recommended monitoring for pazopanib hepatotoxicity, may help identify patients at risk for drug interactions. For patients receiving concomitant pazopanib and warfarin, close monitoring of PT-INR is warranted.
SURGICAL TACTICS FOR ELIMINATING COMPLEX VARIANTS OF CONGENITAL CLEFT PALATE
Authors: Rogozhina Yulia , Blohina Svetlana , Bimbas Evgeniya
Published: May 2020

Subject. Surgical methods for eliminating congenital clefts of the upper lip and palate are widely presented in the specialized literature and correspond to the variety of types of lesions of the maxillofacial region. At the same time, international and domestic experience, research results on these issues emphasize the need for continuous improvement of surgical and rehabilitation techniques to eliminate them. In most cases, the use of these developments follows the path of detailing and updating existing classical technologies.

Purpose ― to present a surgical method for removal of a congenital asymmetric cleft of the palate with a deficit of its own tissues.

Methodology. There was carried out a retrospective analysis of the results of surgical correction of congenital cleft palate in 497 patients (2015―2019). Was selected a group of 53 people having complex variants of the cleft of the sky.

Results. Was presented a method for surgical removal of an asymmetric cleft of the palate according to the severity of the defect and the age of the child. Was proposed the technique of using "titanium silk" with asymmetric clefts of the sky with a deficit of their own tissues.

Conclusions: The choice of optimal methods for surgical elimination of complex options for cleft palate should be patient-oriented and can form a new tactic of surgical aid, taking into account preliminary interdisciplinary counseling. The use of "titanium silk" as an additional material for uranoplasty in cases of wide splitting of the hard and soft palate (more than 1.5-2 cm) ensures reliable elimination of the defect at any age of the patient and creates a favorable condition for the completion of the systemic rehabilitation complex. A multifactorial mechanism for choosing the method of surgical elimination of complex variants of palatal clefts should be implemented in a specialized clinic, taking into account many years of experience.
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF MINERALIZING POTENTIAL OF ORAL FLUID IN CHILDREN
Authors: Skripkina Galina , Ekimov Evgeniy , Nikitin Yury , Korshunov Aleksandr , Bernetsyan Tatevik
Published: May 2020

Subject. Oral fluid plays a crucial role in maintaining the physiological balance of the processes of remineralization and demineralization in tooth enamel, especially in childhood. The mineralization and demineralization of tooth enamel depend on the mineralizing potential of the oral fluid, which is associated with the concentration of calcium ions and phosphate ions in the oral fluid at a certain pH of the medium. Today, the description of the morphology of crystals is reduced mainly to a qualitative assessment. This is inconvenient due to subjectivity in data processing. The goal is to increase the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosing the level of mineralizing potential of the oral fluid by quantifying the type of saliva microcrystallization and expand the ability to diagnose the risk of developing and exacerbating the degree of activity of the carious process in a pediatric dentistry clinic. Methodology. The research material was human saliva, which was taken in the morning, on an empty stomach, before brushing your teeth in a sterile test tube with a tight-fitting lid. Results. The results of the studies revealed statistically significant differences in the periodicity parameters with respect to type III saliva microcrystallization (p <0.001), in which the mineralizing potential of the oral fluid is less favorable for the optimal level of ion exchange between the oral fluid and the tooth enamel surface during the maturation period of the child’s dental hard tissues. Suggested technique determining a periodicity parameter characterizing the quantitative difference in the types of saliva microcrystallization can be used To assess the level of mineralizing potential oral fluid. Conclusions. The study allows to increase the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosing the level of mineralizing potential of the oral fluid by quantifying the type of microcrystallization of saliva and expands the possibility of diagnosing the risk of developing and exacerbating the degree of activity of the carious process in the clinic of pediatric dentistry.
ADHESIVE SYSTEMS IN THE PRACTICE OF A DENTIST DOCTOR
Authors: Titova Ol'ga , Melenberg Tatyana , Linnik Lyudmila , Boeva Takhmina , Burov Andrey , Daironas Sergey , Daironas Ella
Published: May 2020

Subject. Dental restoration includes work on tissue restoration by filling, using inlays, veneers, and artificial crowns.

Adhesive systems are used in therapeutic dentistry for working with composites, compomers and some glass-ionomer cements, for adhesive fixation of all types of indirect structures, repairing chips of composite and ceramic linings; in pediatric dentistry for sealing fissures, for fixing orthodontic structures. Currently, there are eight generations of adhesives on the market of dental materials. The first two generations of adhesives required only enamel etching and transformed the dentin layer, while the third already provided for conditioning of the dentin, and the fourth and fifth ― and all-out etching. The sixth, seventh and eighth generations of adhesives are self-etching analogues. This article presents the results of a survey of practical health care dentists in choosing an adhesive system.

The goal is to evaluate the preferences of the choice of adhesive systems by dentists.

Methodology. 30 dental therapists and orthopedic dentists took part in the survey.

Results. The results of the questionnaire analysis showed that the majority of dentists prefer to use fifth-generation adhesives in their practice (46 %), the sixth generation of adhesive systems is in second place in popularity (31 %), followed by the "gold standard" ― the fourth generation (13 %), and the seventh (10 %) in last place.

Conclusions. The fifth-generation adhesive systems surpassed the other generations in efficiency and reliability. This is why the majority of dentists surveyed chose this generation.
LEVEL OF DENTAL EDUCATION AT STUDENTS OF G. N. NOVGOROD
Authors: Uspenskaya Ol'ga , Kalinkin Kirill
Published: May 2020

Subject. The data obtained from the student questionnaire determined the level of knowledge of oral hygiene.

The purpose of this work was to carry out a comparative assessment of knowledge about methods of prevention of oral diseases in students of different universities of the city of Nizhny Novgorod.

Methodology. On the basis of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of FSBOU "PIMU" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation used a questionnaire-survey method of research and determined the hygiene index Green―Wermillion and PMA among students of the National Research Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky and Volga Research Medical University. The total number surveyed was 500. The questionnaire contained questions about the basics of proper nutrition, the rules of use of the toothbrush, the basic rules of oral hygiene.

Results. As a result of the questionnaire it was revealed that the majority of respondents listen to the advice of the dentist and hygienist, namely among students of PIMU it amounted to 92.8 %, among students of NNSU ― 72 %. According to the questionnaire, the majority of respondents brush their teeth twice a day, namely 69.6 % of PIM students and 56.8 % of NSU students. Most of the surveyed students of PIMU (38.4 %) and NSU (40 %) change the toothbrush 3-4 times a year. It also turned out that the majority of respondents use a toothbrush of medium rigidity, namely 84 % of students of NSU and 88 % of PIMU. As a result of the questionnaire, it was revealed that the majority of respondents to the NSU (52 %) do not use additional hygiene products, while in the PIM 43.2 % of respondents use additional products.

Conclusions. The student questionnaire findings determined the level of knowledge of oral hygiene. This level is higher for PIMU students than for students of Lobachevsky NSU.
APPLICATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES IN INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASE TREATMENT
Authors: Gannenko Anastasiya , Miroshnichenko Viktoriya , Masimov Amin
Published: May 2020

Subject. The prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases among elderly people, regardless of their gender, ranges from 69 to 98 % worldwide. Periodontitis is a chronic bacterial disease that proceeds with intoxication of the body, thereby causing serious health problems. It has been proven that periodontitis can cause myocardial infarction and habitual miscarriage. Local and systemic treatment of diseases of this pathology is primarily aimed at suppressing pathogenic bacteria. It is obvious that, in the conditions of total antibiotic resistance of microorganisms and a considerable list of contraindications and complications of the antibiotic therapy, the search for new ways to combat them becomes vital. The main thing is that antibiotics disrupt the biological balance of the biopsy of the body which the patient has to restore from several months to several years. Under these conditions, the use of bacteriophages is an extremely promising solution. Bacteriophages are natural antimicrobial highly sensitive medications. They consist of viruses that target a bacterial cell. In these circumstances, bacteriophages do not harm the microbiota of the oral cavity. A literature review on the use of bacteriophages in dentistry for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues has been conducted by us. The mechanism of action of bacteriophages, the strengths and weaknesses of the use of phage therapy have also been considered.

Goal ― to study the use of bacteriophages for the treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases.

Methodology. The literature review of more than 40 scientific sources has been conducted.

Conclusion. The use of bacteriophages is a promising issue. Their effectiveness has been confirmed in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory periodontal diseases and diseases of the oral mucosa. They demonstrate high efficiency to improve the hygiene of the oral cavity and reduce inflammation. Being highly targeted viral medications, they act upon a specific bacterium without affecting the natural microbiota of a person.
THE ROLE OF LEUKOCYTE PROTEINASES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME SIGNS
Authors: Miroshnichenko Viktoriya , Kokoreva Alena , Safonova Anastasiya
Published: May 2020

Subject. Despite the constant efforts of practicing physicians and scientists, the prevalence proportion of inflammatory and destructive periodontal diseases in the world is not subsiding. Previously scientists have examined several different theories on the development of pathological conditions in periodontal tissues, ranging problems from the neurotrophic theory of occurrence to the effect of occlusion injury on periodontal tissues. Theories dealing with the influence of specific and non-specific bacterial plaque have also been studied. None of the theories has become reasonable and single valued. It is believed that the mechanism of the development of the disease is complex, autoimmune, damaging primarily collagen, elastic fibers of the capillary endothelium, gingival ligament and bone tissue. Over the past decade, it has been proven that inflammation in periodontal tissues is initiated and proceeds in response to the introduction of pathogenic bacteria. However, it can be said that not all patients develop an inflammatory response to bacterial invasion. The second important factor in the development and progression of the inflammatory-destructive process is the immune response of a particular individual. Scientists have noted the influence of the non-microbial factor and have come to the conclusion that in the surrounding tissues of the inflamed area there are not only enzymes secreted by bacteria, but also leukocyte proteinases, which in turn are mediators of the tissue destruction. Purpose ― to examine the role of leukocyte proteinases in the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Methodology. The number of indigenous and foreign literature sources dealing with the study of the role of leukocyte proteinases in the development and maintenance of a destructive inflammatory process has been reviewed by us. Conclusion. The role of the aggressive destructive effect of leukocyte proteinases on periodontal tissues has been analyzed. Leukocyte proteinases are mediators of progressive destruction of connective tissue and can be used as markers to assess the severity of the course and predict the development of the inflammatory process in periodontal tissues.
CLINICAL AND X-RAY FEATURES OF PERIODONTIC TISSUES IN PATIENTS WITH GINGIVAL RECESSION
Authors: Farkhshatova Rushana , Gerasimova Larisa , Usmanova Irina
Published: May 2020

Subject. Gingival recession refers to a form of periodontal disease, which is characterized by a decrease in the free gum without signs of chronic inflammation in the apical direction of the gum and periodontal tissues.

The goal is to determine the clinical and radiological features of periodontal tissues in patients with gum recession.

Methodology. A comprehensive diagnostic examination was conducted according to a specially developed algorithm of 47 patients aged 20 to 45 years old with a diagnosis of gum recession, which included the collection of anamnestic data, special questionnaires, clinical, radiological and ultrasound examinations of periodontal tissues.

Results. According to clinical and radiological data, the diagnosis of gum recession was confirmed in all patients: in 31 (62 %) ― Miller's class I gum recession, in 11 (25 %) ― II, in 5 (11 %) ― III and in 1 (2 %) ― IV. The dependence of the gum recession on the quality of oral hygiene was determined: with satisfactory oral hygiene (OHI-S <2.6), the depth of the gum recession was 1-1.5 mm, with poor (OHI-S> 2.6) ― more than 1,5 mm. In 14 (42.8 %) patients, a concomitant diagnosis of chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was established, in 57.2 % of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. Of the total number of patients, a thin biotype was determined in 30 (63.8 %) patients, and a thick biotype was identified in 17 (36.2 %). A combination of a thin biotype with a small vestibule of the oral cavity, the presence of anomalies of the frenum and strands of the mucous membrane in 23.4 % was revealed.

Conclusions. Miller class I gingival recessions have the highest frequency of occurrence (62 %). The ultrasonic research method allowed non-invasive determination of the gingival biotype and gum thickness. A thin biotype of the gum was diagnosed in 63.8 % of patients, which must be taken into account when planning surgical treatment.
Primary health care policy and vision for community pharmacy and pharmacists in Australia
Authors: Dineen-Griffin Sarah , Benrimoj Shalom I. , Garcia-Cardenas Victoria
Published: May 2020

There is evidence that the Australian Government is embracing a more integrated approach to health, with implementation of initiatives like primary health networks (PHNs) and the Government’s Health Care Homes program. However, integration of community pharmacy into primary health care faces challenges, including the lack of realistic integration in PHNs, and in service and remuneration models from government. Ideally, coordinated multidisciplinary teams working collaboratively in the community setting are needed, where expanding skills are embraced rather than resisted. It appears that community pharmacy is not sufficiently represented at a local level. Current service remuneration models encourage a volume approach. While more complex services and clinical roles, with associated remuneration structures (such as, accredited pharmacists, pharmacists embedded in general practice and residential aged care facilities) promote follow up, collaboration and integration into primary health care, they potentially marginalize community pharmacies. Community pharmacists’ roles have evolved and are being recognized as the medication management experts of the health care team at a less complex level with the delivery of MedChecks, clinical interventions and medication adherence services. More recently, vaccination services have greatly expanded through community pharmacy. Policy documents from professional bodies highlight the need to extend pharmacy services and enhance integration within primary care. The Pharmaceutical Society of Australia’s Pharmacists in 2023 report envisages pharmacists practising to full scope, driving greater efficiencies in the health system. The Pharmacy Guild of Australia’s future vision identifies community pharmacy as health hubs facilitating the provision of cost-effective and integrated health care services to patients. In 2019, the Australian Government announced the development of a Primary Health Care 10-Year Plan which will guide resource allocation for primary health care in Australia. At the same time, the Government has committed to conclude negotiations on the 7th Community Pharmacy Agreement (7CPA) with a focus on allowing pharmacists to practice to full scope and pledges to strengthen the role of primary care by better supporting pharmacists as primary health care providers. The 7CPA and the Government’s 10-year plan will largely shape the practice and viability of community pharmacy. It is essential that both provide a philosophical direction and prioritize integration, remuneration and resources which recognize the professional contribution and competencies of community pharmacy and community pharmacists, the financial implications of service roles and the retention of medicines-supply roles.
Epidemiological profile of working mothers
Authors: Salum Edneia De Oliveira , Lima Jéssica Carvalho , Marcacine Patrícia Ribeiro , Walsh Henrique Porcatti , Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de
Published: May 2020

Este é um estudo transversal, parte do Inquérito de Saúde da Mulher, realizado em 2014 com o objetivo de analisar o perfil epidemiológico de mães trabalhadoras da zona urbana do município de Uberaba-Minas Gerais. Para os dados, considerou-se o autorrelato. Participaram 454 mulheres, com média de idade de 45,38±12,84 anos, a maioria trabalhadora informal/autônoma, com 2,64±1,48 filhos. Houve associação entre maior média de idade com maior número de filhos e maior número de partos normais. Quanto menor a renda e a escolaridade, maior o número de filhos e de partos normais. As não brancas tiveram mais partos normais. Quanto às características do trabalho, as autônomas/por conta-própria tiveram maior número de filhos que as empregadas/assalariadas. Houve alto número de relatos de depressão pós-parto, que foi associada ao maior número de filhos.
Musculoskeletal symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics in women
Authors: Marcacine Patrícia Ribeiro , Emílio Marina Mendonça , Lima Jéssica Carvalho , Oliveira Renata Martins Matos , Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de
Published: May 2020

Este é um estudo quantitativo realizado em 2014 com 1.486 mulheres e com o objetivo de investigar os sintomas musculoesquelético e sua associação com as características sociodemográficas em mulheres. Foram analisadas características sociodemográficas, presença de síndrome musculoesquelética, limitações nas atividades e necessidade de consultas a profissional de saúde devido aos mesmos. Foi identificado que 62,45% das mulheres relatou a síndrome musculoesquelética em pelo menos uma região do corpo. No entanto, 73,69% não apresentou limitações nas atividades e 66,35% não consultou profissional da saúde em função. Maior número de regiões com sintomas, limitações e consulta a profissional foi observado nas mais jovens e que não tinham união estável. A alta prevalência de síndrome musculoesquelética em mulheres é um desafio ao o sistema público de saúde.
Disability and quality of life levels in women with chronic lumbar pain
Authors: Donzeli Marina Andrade , Magalhães Lucimara Ferreira , Oliveira Guilherme Vitoriano Almeida de , Dias Anderson Alves , Gasparini Andréa Licre Pessina , Bertoncello Dernival
Published: May 2020

Estudo com abordagem quantitativa e transversal, com o objetivo de comparar a incapacidade e a qualidade de vida de mulheres com diagnóstico de dor lombar inespecífica e voluntárias sem dor lombar.  Participaram 24 mulheres, divididas em dois grupos, sendo o primeiro com 13 voluntárias com diagnóstico de dor lombar inespecífica (G1) e o segundo com 11 voluntárias sem dor lombar (G2), recrutadas no serviço de ortopedia e traumatologia do ambulatório Maria da Glória da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Foram aplicados os questionários: Whoqol-Bref, Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry e a Escala Visual Analógica de Dor. A média de idade para o grupo com dor foi de 37,69±11,83 e para o grupo sem dor 36,91±12,12, sem diferença significativa entre os grupos.  As mulheres com dor lombar inespecífica apresentaram média de 5,61±1,85 para a percepção da dor (intensidade moderada), média de pontuação obtida no Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry de 25 (incapacidade moderada) e média geral da qualidade de vida de 69,8±7,11 pontos, sendo os domínios mais comprometidos o físico, seguido pelo meio ambiente. Houve diferença significativa, com maior comprometimento na qualidade de vida geral e domínio físico para as mulheres com dor, além de incapacidade significativamente maior.
Biografia da educadora Josete Sales: reflexos da formação de professoras no Ceará
Authors: Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza , Sousa Francisca Genifer Andrade de , Nascimento Lorena Brenda Santos
Published: May 2020

O estudo trata da educação formal e formação de professoras no Ceará a partir da biografia de uma educadora. Objetiva compreender a formação educativa e as contribuições tecidas pela professora Josete de Oliveira Castelo Branco Sales na constituição do Centro de Educação da Universidade Estadual do Ceará. Para alcançar esse escopo, desenvolveu-se um estudo do tipo biográfico por meio da metodologia da História Oral, que viabilizou a realização de entrevistas livres para a coleta de narrativas orais – gravadas, transcritas, textualizadas e validadas. Constatou-se que Josete Sales obteve uma formação educacional diferenciada, possibilitada por ter condições financeiras que lhe proporcionaram prosseguimento nos estudos e pelo apoio familiar – da mãe, desde o ensino das primeiras letras, e do marido, que assumiu o revezamento no cuidado da casa e dos filhos –, rompendo padrões patriarcais e machistas. Sua educação formal perpassou por grupo escolar, telensino, escola normal e universidade; a educadora destacou-se como docente da referida Universidade cearense, em que coordenou a elaboração do projeto político-pedagógico do Curso de Pedagogia e foi idealizadora do Centro de Educação, fortalecendo a formação de professores cearenses. Sua biografia permitiu ampliar a compreensão acerca da História da Educação Feminina no Ceará e a constituição do Centro de Educação na Universidade Estadual do Ceará.
La Eutanasia Justificada
Authors: Sanchez Torres Fernando
Published: May 2020

El 20 de mayo del presente año, la Honorable Corte Constitucional, "administrando justicia en nombre del pueblo y por mandato de la Constitución", resolvió declarar exequible el artículo 326 del Código Penal, "con la advertencia de que en el caso de los enfermos terminales en que concurra la voluntad libre del sujeto pasivo del acto, no podrá derivarse responsabilidad para el médico autor, pues la conducta está justificada".
El Maestro ha muerto, viva su memoria
Authors: Cobo C. Edgard
Published: May 2020

En el aciago día del 2 de noviembre pasado, falleció en Montevideo, su bella ciudad natal, el Profesor Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia, padre indiscutible de la Medicina Perinatal.
Enfermedad tromboembólica en Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: May 2020

Se realiza una revisión que comprende: los mecanismos de la hemostasia, los factores predisponentes de la enfermedad tromboembólica, los métodos diagnósticos, la profilaxis y el tratamiento de la misma.Igualmente se hace hincapié en las heparinas de bajo peso molecular (HBPM) como drogas de elección en la tromboprofilaxis y el tratamiento durante el embarazo y en cirugía ginecológica.
Oxitocina intrafunicular Vs. sistémica en el manejo de la tercera etapa del parto eutócico
Authors: Castañeda C. MIke J. , Hernández Rojas Armando
Published: May 2020

Durante la tercera etapa del parto, el alumbramiento se presenta la mayoría de la morbilidad por hemorragia, muchos autores han utilizado por vía intrafunicular oxitocina para su manejo y para el de la retención placentaria, con resultados positivos y negativos. Nosotros tratamos de demostrar si en realidad la oxitocina por vía intrafunicular modificaba en grado alguno el alumbramiento, durante partos eutócicos, encontrando que es el volumen inyectado del vehículo (SSN) y no el efecto farmacológico de la oxitocina lo que contribuye a la disminución del tiempo y de sangrado.
Atonía uterina e histerectomía de emergencia en el postparto tardío. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Gómez Fajardo Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2020

Se presenta el caso de una paciente multípara de 34 años de edad quien ingresó al servicio de urgencias obstétricas con un cuadro clínico de shock hipovolémico grave secundario a una atonía uterina en el décimo primer día del puerperio. Se practicaron maniobras de revisión y masaje uterino, y aplicación parenteral de oxitócicos y methergina, sin lograr obtenerse respuesta de la contracción uterina. La gravedad de la situación hemodinámica determinó la necesidad de practicar una histerectomía de urgencia. En este caso se destaca lo tardío de la presentación de la atonía postparto, complicación clásicamente considerada dentro de las primeras horas del período puerperal. Es importante además la posibilidad de una relación etiológica entre lo acontecido a esta paciente con la presentación de una circunstancia generadora de un gran estrés emocional -la muerte accidental del esposo- posiblemente con mediación de mecanismos neuroendocrinos que expliquen la relajación uterina súbita.
Influencia de los programas de planificación familiar en la mortalidad perinatal
Authors: Huamán Moisés
Published: May 2020

América Latina en el año 95 tenía una población mayor de 470 millones de habitantes, con un mosaico de diversas y contrastantes realidades, tanto como países como regiones; es así por ejemplo la gran diferencia del ingreso percápita anual.
Software-based approach to the analysis of displacements in contact-constrained shell structures
Authors: Egorov A.V.
Published: May 2020

In transversely separable shell structures, a thin metal shell is surrounded by a rigid medium. The proposed approach to solving delamination problems in such constructions is based on three points: the introduction of technological deviations (corresponding to permissible defects in actual structures) to the computation scheme of the structure; the determination of the volumetric general stress-strain state of the structure; real-time structure deformation accounting. The approach is implemented in the LS-DYNA software package in a dynamic formulation using finite elements TSHELL and SOLID, taking into account the geometric and physical nonlinearity of the structure and the shell — medium contact surface with unilateral constraint along normal line, without tangent interactions. According to the proposed approach, the result of calculations is the assessment of the loads on the initial two-layer structure, under which a metal shell with low bending stiffness can lose stability in the local area in the form of internal wrinkles.
An example of the calculation of a cylindrical metal-composite high-pressure vessel under loading by a cooled external composite shell is given. The time intervals of the onset of delamination and growth of wrinkles on the surface of the inner metal shell (liner) are established. The solutions are presented in the form of images of the deformed surface of the liner and graphs of time-dependent changes in stresses, strains and displacements; their correspondences to each other are shown. The proposed approach allows one by visual demonstration and accurately to assess the possibility of delamination in contact-constrained shell structures already at the design stage.
The Exploration of Chlorophyll Content of Various Plants in City Forest of Malabar Malang
Authors: Latifa Roimil , Hadi Samsun , Nurrohman Endrik
Published: May 2020

Abstract

 

This current research aimed at investigating chlorophyll content of various plants growing in the city forest of Malabar Malang. Descriptive quantitative method was employed as the research design. This research was conducted from April to August 2019 in city forest of Malabar and Biology Laboratory University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The data were analyzed by means of Microsoft Excel. There were three steps of the research, as follows: a) surveying the research location; b) taking samples of each leaf; and c) laboratory testing. Laboratory testing comprised some stages, as below: a) weighing each leaf sample at 0.3 gram, grounded and dissolved in 80% acetone; b) filtering by utilizing filter paper, and c) testing by means of spectrophotometer with the wavelengths of 645λ and 663λ, respectively to result in absorbance value. The results of absorbance value were tabulated into a specific formula to find out the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll of each leaf sample. This current research has revealed that regarding the average scores, chlorophyll a has been found the highest in Averrhoa bilimbi leaf (35.848 µg/ml) and the lowest is in Averrhoa carambola leaf (17.857 µg/ml). The average score of chlorophyll b has been found the highest in Tabebuya leaf (58.862 µg/ml) and the lowest is in nortflok pine leaf (9.124 µg/ml). As for the total average of chlorophyll content, the highest content was extracted from Tabebuya leaf (91.737 µg/ml), and the lowest is found in nortflok pine leaf (28.517 µg/ml).
Microbiological Quality of Coriander in Malang Traditional Market
Authors: Permata Anindya Nirmala , Hastuti Utami Sri , Sulisetijono Sulisetijono
Published: May 2020

Coriander is commonly used by people as a food flavour. Actually, people does not separate the intact and damaged coriander for food processing. The aim of this study is to examine the microbiological quality of the intact and damaged coriander based on the Total Plate Count (TPC) of mold colonies and identification of the mold contaminants. Identification of contaminants mold based on the colony and microscopic character description. Then, the fungi characters refers to the identification key book for fungi identification. The research results is: 1) the intact coriander TPC is 1.6 x 103 colonies/g and the damaged coriander TPC 1.4 x 107 colonies/g. 2) There are 10 species of molds contaminant isolated from the intact coriander and damaged coriander.
The individual analysis of fluid inclusions in minerals using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS): an evaluation
Authors: HEIJLEN Wouter , MUCHEZ Philippe
Published: May 2020

During the last decade, the possible application of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as a quantitative technique for the analysis of individual fluid inclusions has been intensely studied. The quantitative ability of this technique is, however, complicated by several fractionation processes that operate during ablation, transport and analysis in the ICP-MS. In the present study, a number of these fractionation effects were studied and the quantitative ability of LA-ICP-MS analysis of fluid inclusions in natural quartz is evaluated. Using NIST SRM 612 and 614 as reference materials, it is shown that the fractionation during transport is minimised when the sample cell is flushed with He, in contrast with the set-up where Ar is used. Calcium has been successfully applied as an internal standard to calibrate the REE in NIST-glasses. The use of Ca to calibrate other lithophile and chalcophile elements, such as K, Zn, Cu and Pb, can however be questioned. It is shown that the technique is capable of semi-quantitatively characterising different fluid inclusion populations in natural quartz, which demonstrates its importance as a tool for palaeofluidflow modelling. However, during LA-ICP-MS analysis of fluid inclusions in natural quartz, elements are reprecipitated in a glassy phase, as shown by SEM-EDX analysis of the sample surface after ablation. This process could result in a fractionation and may account for the poor precision of the analysis.
Serviço Nacional de Saúde: Dos Desafios da Atualidade às Transformações Necessárias
Authors: Sakellarides Constantino
Published: May 2020

Após uma década de evidentes dificuldades, o Serviço Nacional de Saúde necessita de um significativo investimento público para o seu desenvolvimento. Isso significa repor e acrescentar recursos ao Serviço Nacional de Saúde. Mas quer dizer também adquirir as capacidades necessárias à gestão da sua transformação. Os desafios de saúde não são hoje os mesmos de há 40 anos: (i) Observa-se um considerável aumento da prevalência das pessoas com morbilidade múltipla, de evolução prolongada, requerendo uma utilização contínua de serviços de saúde; (ii) É necessário atrasar e atenuar a expressão da morbilidade múltipla; (iii) Neste contexto, é particularmente importante uma forte aposta na integração dos cuidados, gerindo o percurso das pessoas através do serviços de que necessitam. As transformações indispensáveis para responder a estes desafios são complexas e muito exigentes: (i) Há que reconhecer que uma gestão efetiva das necessárias ‘mudanças adaptativas de proximidade’, requer um elaborado enquadramento analítico, estratégico, de boa governança e governação, que ainda não temos; (ii) É preciso ativar, no conjunto da sociedade portuguesa, fatores indutores e facilitadores de mudança – arquiteturas, processo e instrumentos colaborativos; (iii) Uma forte consciência coletiva da natureza dos desafios de saúde da atualidade e uma acrescida capacidade em gerir mudanças socialmente complexas, permitirá organizar uma direção estratégica para o Serviço Nacional de Saúde, capaz de atuar efetivamente em domínios críticos para o seu desenvolvimento – financiamento, gestão de infraestruturas e recursos, desenvolvimento organizacional no âmbito da administração pública portuguesa, uma política para as profissões de saúde e a articulação com os setores social e privado. Sem um investimento imediato e significativo na capacidade de gerir as mudanças necessárias, as dificuldades do Serviço Nacional de Saúde em corresponder a aquilo que os portugueses precisam, não deixarão de se acentuar nos próximos anos.
As influências da governança corporativa e da estrutura de capital no desempenho e no risco da firma
Authors: Dias Alexandre Teixeira , Dias Willian Douglas , Silva Jersone Tasso Moreira , Ferreira Bruno Perez
Published: May 2020

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a influência da utilização das melhores práticas de governança corporativa e da estrutura de capital sobre o desempenho e o risco de firmas brasileiras de capital aberto. O uso dos modelos de regressão com o endividamento total em suas formas simples e quadrática permite a identificação dos efeitos exercidos pela estrutura de capital no desempenho e no risco da firma. Identificou-se que o incremento na adoção de boas práticas de governança apresentará efeitos positivos no desempenho, caso os níveis de endividamento, tanto total quanto de curto e longo prazos, sejam mantidos em níveis mínimos, implicando na maior utilização de capital próprio. Quanto ao risco, o incremento na adoção de boas práticas de governança apresenta papel redutor, ao passo que a estrutura de capital apresenta maior capacidade de influência incremental em sua dimensão de curto prazo, destaque para o efeito quadrático positivo do endividamento total.
Les méta-analyses des données expérimentales : applications en nutrition animale
Authors: SAUVANT D. , SCHMIDELY P. , DAUDIN J.j.
Published: May 2020

Pour plusieurs raisons les recherches en sciences animales, en nutrition en particulier, nécessitent des traitements de bases de données de plus en plus importantes. En effet, pour les sujets d’intérêt, les nombres de publications et de résultats par publication se sont largement accrus. Il est donc de plus en plus nécessaire de pouvoir extraire des données quantitatives à partir des publications de la littérature. En conséquence les méthodes de méta-analyses statistiques des bases de données expérimentales deviennent essentielles et il importe de les mettre en œuvre d’une façon adéquate. La conduite des méta-analyses suit une démarche en plusieurs phases. La première phase concerne la définition des objectifs du travail et du cahier des charges qui en découle, déterminant pour le choix des publications candidates. Celles ci doivent être scrupuleusement évaluées avant d’être intégrées dans la base. Lors de cette intégration il convient d’effectuer un soigneux travail de codages (expériences, traitements…) qui seront autant de repères essentiels dans la suite de l’analyse. Les bases de données ainsi construites soulèvent des difficultés d’interprétation, elles contiennent des données manquantes et elles ne représentent pas un dispositif expérimental classique. Il est recommandé d’effectuer une première étape d’interprétation graphique de manière à pouvoir avoir une vue à la fois globale et précise des données. Cette phase est suivie d’une étude du méta-dispositif constitué par la base à interpréter. Ces différentes étapes conditionnent la définition du modèle statistique appliqué. Celui-ci doit permettre de bien différencier les variations inter- et intra-expériences, il peut intégrer des facteurs qualitatifs ou quantitatifs, d’autre part il tient compte d’effets fixes ou aléatoires. Enfin il peut tenir compte de systèmes de pondérations des données. Après ajustement du modèle, il convient de mettre en œuvre une étude post-analytique qui consiste en particulier à étudier les variations résiduelles et les rôles des différents traitements et expériences dans les résultats obtenus. A ce stade, il est souvent nécessaire de revenir à une des étapes précédentes. De ce fait, les méta-analyses constituent une démarche heuristique.
Les variations saisonnières des performances de reproduction chez la truie
Authors: QUESNEL H. , BOULOT S. , LE COZLER Y.
Published: May 2020

Bien que la truie ne connaisse pas d’anœstrus saisonnier, une diminution des performances de reproduction est observée en été et au début de l’automne dans de nombreux pays. La proportion de truies qui tardent à revenir en oestrus après le tarissement augmente tandis que la proportion de truies inséminées qui mettent bas baisse de 5 à 15 %. Ces échecs de gestation sont liés, pour une grande part, à des avortements. Cette baisse des performances peut s’accompagner d’un taux de réforme accru, notamment chez les jeunes femelles.
L’influence des saisons est attribuée essentiellement à la photopériode et aux températures ambiantes. La durée quotidienne d’éclairement est perçue par la truie via la sécrétion nocturne de mélatonine par la glande pinéale, comme chez les mammifères à reproduction saisonnière. Cependant, le lien entre mélatonine et sécrétion de LH n’est pas établi chez la truie. La chaleur, si elle induit une hyperthermie chez la mère, affecte la survie des embryons en début de gestation. Pendant la lactation, les truies luttent contre l’hyperthermie en réduisant leur consommation d’aliment et développent des adaptations métaboliques et endocriniennes. Le déficit nutritionnel est connu pour favoriser le risque d’anoestrus après le tarissement. Les adaptations physiologiques liées à la chaleur joueraient aussi un rôle.
La conduite d’élevage module les variations saisonnières des performances de reproduction : alimentation et logement des truies, présence du verrat… Une meilleure caractérisation des points critiques dans la gestion de l’atelier de reproduction devrait permettre d’atténuer ces fluctuations saisonnières. Enfin, l’origine de la sensibilité individuelle à la saison mériterait d’être étudiée.
La petite histoire du phosphore en alimentation animale : les grandes étapes du demi-siècle
Authors: GUEGUEN L.
Published: May 2020

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La petite histoire du phosphore en alimentation animale : les grandes étapes du demi-siècle
Lois de réponses des volailles de chair à l’apport de phosphoreLois de réponses des volailles de chair à l’apport de phosphore
Authors: LESCOAT P. , TRAVEL A. , NYS Y.
Published: May 2020

Le phosphore en excès est un élément néfaste pour l’environnement et coûteux pour l’alimentation des volailles. Une méta-analyse a été conduite sur les données de 62 publications représentant 1271 observations chez les poulets de chair, dindes et canards afin de visualiser les réponses des performances de volaille aux apports de phosphore (P) alimentaire. Pour le GMQ et l’IC des poulets de chair, les concentrations alimentaires optimales obtenues varient de 6 à 7 g de P total par kg d’aliment, pour un rapport Ca/P compris entre 1,4 et 1,6. Des valeurs supérieures sont observées chez les dindes. La rétention du P par l’animal diminue avec la teneur en P de l’aliment mais augmente avec l’ajout de phytases microbiennes. Cette supplémentation qui libère une partie du phosphore phytique, autorise une réduction des apports de phosphore minéral et par conséquent réduit le rejet de phosphore. Les apports alimentaires de P et de phytases microbiennes renforcent la minéralisation. La minéralisation osseuse est optimale pour des niveaux d’ingestion moyens de 1 à 21 j de 250 à 300 mg de P par jour. La présente méta-analyse a été conduite en utilisant la mesure exacte du P total de l’aliment, contrairement à la pratique, justifiée, d’utiliser le niveau de P disponible estimé. La prochaine étape sera d’analyser les résultats en fonction du P disponible après avoir fiabilisé son estimation en prenant en compte les effets matières premières, phytase et autres (vitamine D, rapport Ca/P…). Enfin, ce travail a souligné que si de nombreuses données sont disponibles chez le jeune poulet de chair, elles sont rares chez les dindes et les canards notamment pendant les périodes de finition où des marges de progrès réelles sont envisageables.