bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic respiratory diseases and associated risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhou Cheng-Wei , Fu Yang-Yang , Li Yao-Zhe , Chen Lei , Zhang Qing-Wei , Chen Yan-Fan
Published: June 2022

Background
The burden of chronic respiratory diseases has changed over three decades.To describe the spatiotemporal trends of prevalence, mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALY) due to chronic respiratory diseases(CRDs), across the globe during 1990–2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019(GBD 2019).
Methods
The prevalence, mortality and DALY attributable to CRDs, and risk factors from 1990 to 2019 were estimated. We also assessed the driving factors and potentiality for improvement by decomposition analyses and frontier analyses.
Results
In 2019, 454.56 (95% uncertainty interval(UI): 417.35-499.14) million individuals worldwide had a CRD, showing a 39·8% increase compared with 1990. Deaths due to CRDs numbered 3.97(95% UI: 3.58–4.30) million, and DALY in 2019 was 103.53 (95% UI:94.79-112.27) million. Declines by average annual percent change(AAPC) were observed in age-standardized prevalence rates(ASPR) (0.64% decrease), age-standardized mortality rates(ASMR) (1.92%), and age-standardized DALY rates(ASDR) (1.72%) globally and in 5 socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. Decomposition analyses represented that the increase in overall CRDs DALY was driven by aging and population growth. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the leading drivers globally. Frontier analyses witnessed significant improvement opportunities at all levels of the development spectrum. Smoking remained a leading risk factor(RF) for the mortality and DALY, although, it showed a downward trend. Air pollution, a growing factor especially in relatively low SDI regions, deserves our attention.
Conclusion
Our study clarified that CRDs remain a leading cause of prevalence, mortality and DALY worldwide, with growth in absolute numbers but declines in several age-standardized estimators since 1990. The estimated contribution of risk factors to mortality and DALY supports the need for urgent measures to improve them.
Transperineal Targeted Microwave Ablation (TMA) of localized prostate cancer guided by MRI-Ultrasound fusion and organ-based tracking: a pilot study
Authors: Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Chan Chun-Hong , Yee Chi-Hang , Lau Sui-Yan , Teoh Jeremy , Wong Ho-Fai , Lo Ka-Lun , Yuen Tsz-Yau , Hung Hiu-Yee , Cho Carmen Chi-Min , Ng Chi Fai
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the efficacy of transperineal targeted microwave ablation (TMA) in treating localized prostate cancer (PCa). MethodsThis is a single-centre prospective phase 2 trial recruiting men with low to intermediate risk localized PCa to undergo transperineal TMA. TMA was performed with MRI-Ultrasound fusion guidance and organ-based tracking. A per-protocol 6-month MRI and biopsy was performed for all patients. The primary outcome was any cancer detected on biopsy of each ablated area. Secondary outcomes included per-patient analysis of positive biopsy, complications, urinary symptom score, erectile function and quality of life (QOL) scores. ResultsIn the first 15 men, 23 areas were being treated. The median age was 70 years, number of TMA ablations were 5 (range 2-8), and the total ablation time and operating time was 22 (IQR 14-28) and 75 (IQR 65-85) minutes, respectively. PSA level dropped from a median of 7.7 to 2.4 ng/mL. For the primary outcome, 91.3% (21/23) ablated area had no cancer in 6-month biopsy. In per-patient analysis, 33.3% (5/15) had in or out-of-field positive biopsy at 6 months. Among these 5 cases, 4 of them were amenable for active surveillance and 1 (6.7%) case with out-of-field ISUP grade group 2 cancer received radiotherapy. The urinary symptoms, uroflowmetry, erectile function, and QOL scores had no significant difference at 6 months. Grade 1 complications including hematuria (33.3%), dysuria (6.7%), and perineal discomfort (13.4%) were observed. ConclusionsIn this first pilot study, transperineal TMA guided by MRI-Ultrasound fusion guidance and organ-based tracking was shown to be effective, safe, and easily applicable in men with localized PCa.
Environmental filling materials based on phosphogypsum powder with municipal solid waste incineration ash
Authors: Yin Longlong , Guo Qing , Wang Xiao , Yuan Jing , Zhang Qian-Feng
Published: June 2022

A new building filling materials (NBFM) using phosphogypsum and municipal solid waste incineration ash (MSWIA) is prepared in this paper. The effects of MSWIA dosage and MSWIA water washing pretreatment on mechanical properties, setting time, metal leaching, hydration products and microstructure of NBFM are analyzed by a range of experimental studies. The results indicate that the mechanical properties, setting time and the density of micro interface of NBFM are optimal when the MSWIA dosage is 3%. The mechanical properties of NBFM rise and the condensation time and leaching concentration of heavy metals decline after washing the MSWIA. With the increase of the curing age, the metal element leaching of NBFM decreases, and when the curing age is 7d, the solidification effect of NBFM on most metal elements meets the standard of Chinese code (GB5085.3-2007). The feasibility of MSWIA and phosphogypsum as filling materials for building engineering is verified, and the change of macroscopic properties of NBFM is explained as well.
Durable wall lining for malaria control in Liberia: results of a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Giesbrecht David , Belleh Tuwuyor G. , Pontarollo Julie , Koko Victor S. , Pratt Oliver , Kamal Sajid , Allan Richard
Published: June 2022

BackgroundControl of malaria in Liberia depends on a strategy of universal coverage of the population with pyrethroid-impregnated long-lasting insecticidal nets. Despite regular mass distribution, coverage and usage of long-lasting insecticidal nets is patchy, and pyrethroid resistance in the key malaria vectors may further reduce their efficacy. This study investigates the effectiveness of Durable Wall Lining, a novel material treated with a combination of two non-pyrethroid class insecticides, designed to be installed permanently on the surface of the inner walls, cover openings and ceiling surfaces of rural houses. MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial of a prototype wall liner impregnated with the insecticides fenpyroximate and abamectin. In 20 experimental clusters, rooms of consenting homeowners received durable, insecticidal wall liners in addition to existing long-lasting insecticidal nets. In 20 control clusters, homeowners used only long-lasting insecticidal nets. Each experimental cluster was paired with a control cluster based on 5 covariates. Plasmodium falciparum prevalence in children 2-59 months was measured by rapid diagnostic tests before durable, insecticidal wall liner installation and again 12, 18 and 24 months later. The pooled risk ratio (RR) of P. falciparum infections was calculated in SAS (Cary, NC, USA) using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel (CMH) test for cluster pairs in each region within Bomi County (upland or coastal). Mosquito mortality was calculated by scoring dead and alive mosquitoes at 24 and 72 hours post exposure to DL samples and adjusting with Abbot’s formula as required.ResultsP. falciparum prevalence in intervention clusters after 12 months was 34.6% compared to 40.1% in control clusters (p=0.052), and this effect varied with elevation. Over the course of the study, malaria prevalence decreased in both study arms. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that durable, insecticidal wall liners is a scalable intervention for control of pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in locations where high long-lasting insecticidal nets usage is difficult to achieve, especially where local housing design includes large openings at the gables and eves. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02448745. Registered 19 May 2015. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02448745
Assamese Dialect Identification System Using Deep Learning
Authors: Das Hem Chandra , Bhattacharjee Prof.utpal
Published: June 2022

The goal of a dialect Identification is to label speech in an audio file with dialect labels. This paper presents a method for automatically identifying four Assamese dialects: Central Assamese, Eastern Assamese dialect, Kamrupi dialect, and Goaplari dialect, using Convolution Neu-ral Networks (CNN). In this study, utterances of four major regional dialects of the Assamese language, namely Central Assamese spoken in and around Nagaon district, Eastern Assamese dialect spoken in the Sibsagar and its neighboring districts, Kamrupi dialect spoken in Kam-rup, Nalbari, Barpeta, Kokarajhar and some parts of Bongaigaon district and Goaplari dialect spoken in the Goaplara, Dhuburi and part of Bon-gaigaon district were used. The classifier was trained on audio samples from each of the four dialects that lasted 2 hours. The CNN uses Mel spectrogram images created from two to four seconds divisions of raw audio input with varied audio quality. The performance of the system is also examined as a function of train and test audio sample durations. When compared to machine learning models, the suggested CNN model obtains an accuracy of 90.82 percent, which may be considered the best.
First-in-human use of 11C-CPPC with positron emission tomography for imaging the macrophage colony stimulating factor 1 receptor
Authors: Coughlin Jennifer M. , Du Yong , Lesniak Wojciech G. , Harrington Courtney K. , Brosnan Mary Katherine , O’Toole Riley , Zandi Adeline , Sweeney Shannon Eileen , Abdallah Rehab , Wu Yunkou , Holt Daniel P. , Hall Andrew W. , Dannals Robert F. , Solnes Lilja , Horti Andrew G. , Pomper Martin G.
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Study of the contribution of microglia to onset and course of several neuropsychiatric conditions is challenged by the fact that these resident immune cells often take on different phenotypes and functions outside the intact living brain. Imaging microglia with radiotracers developed for use with positron emission tomography (PET) allows researchers to study these cells in their native tissue microenvironment. However, many relevant microglial imaging targets such as the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) are also expressed on non-microglial cells, which can complicate the interpretation of PET findings. 11C-CPPC was developed to image the macrophage colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), a target that is expressed largely by microglia relative to other cell types in the intact brain. Our prior work with 11C-CPPC demonstrated its high, specific uptake in brains of rodents and nonhuman primates with neuroinflammation, which supports the current first-in-human evaluation of its pharmacokinetic behavior in the brains of healthy individuals. Methods: Eight healthy nonsmoker adults completed a 90 min dynamic PET scan that began with bolus injection of 11C-CPPC. Arterial blood sampling was collected in order to generate a metabolite-corrected arterial input function. Tissue time-activity curves (TACs) were generated using regions of interest identified from co-registered magnetic resonance imaging data. One- and two-tissue compartmental models (1TCM and 2TCM), as well as Logan graphical analysis were compared. Results: Cortical and subcortical tissue TACs peaked by 37.5 min post-injection of 11C-CPPC, and then declined. The 1TCM was preferred. Total distribution volume (VT) values computed from 1TCM aligned well with those from Logan graphical analysis (t*=30), with VT values relatively high in thalamus, striatum, and most cortical regions, and with relatively lower VT in hippocampus, total white matter, and cerebellar cortex. Conclusion: Our results extend support for the use of 11C-CPPC with PET to study microglia in the human brain.
Subregion-Specific Transcriptomic Profiling of Rat Brain Reveals Sex-Distinct Gene Expression Impacted by Adolescent Stress
Authors: Krolick Kristen N. , Cao Jingyi , Choueiry Fouad , Zhou Ethan Y. , Gulla Evelyn M. , Bhardwaj Meeta , Marshall Samantha J. , Kiss Andor J. , Zhu Jiangjiang , Shi Haifei
Published: June 2022

Stress during adolescence clearly impacts brain development and function. Sex differences in adolescent stress-induced or exacerbated emotional and metabolic vulnerabilities could be due to sex-distinct gene expression in hypothalamic, limbic and prefrontal brain regions. However, adolescent stress-induced gene expression changes in these key brain regions were unclear. RNA extraction from whole brain regions, instead of discrete nuclei, dilutes gene expression results. In this study, female and male adolescent Sprague Dawley rats received one-hour restraint stress every day from postnatal day (PD) 32 to PD44, their plasma corticosterone levels were measured, and their body weights, food intake and body composition were monitored. On PD44, their brains and blood samples were collected. Circulating levels of adioposity hormones (leptin and insulin) and sex hormones (estradiol and testosterone) were measured. Gene expression in nine subregions was measured using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Differentially expressed (DE) genes were analyzed using bootstrapped receiver operating characteristic (bROC) approach. The results indicated that sex differences in stress-induced DE genes were widespread, being identified in the hypothalamus, limbic system, and prefrontal cortex of adolescent brains. Additionally, this study revealed canonical pathways enriched in stress compared to nonstress rats, which were predictive of well-known sex-distinct maladies in the literature, providing examples of the DE genes likely involved in producing sex-distinct and stress-induced diseases. In summary, findings from this study suggest sex biases in stress-induced transcriptional changes during adolescence, indicating a molecular basis for sex differences witnessed in stress-induced or exacerbated emotional and metabolic disorders throughout life. Future studies are warranted to test the implications of the DE genes identified in this study in sex-distinct stress-induced susceptibilities.
Role of peripheral immune cells in spinal cord injury
Authors: Li Cong , Xiong Wu , Wan Bowen , Kong Guang , Wang Siming , Wang Yingying , Fan Jin
Published: June 2022

Secondary spinal cord injury is caused by an inflammatory response cascade and the process is irreversible. Immune system, as a mediator in the inflammation, plays an important role in the spinal cord injury. In the physiological state, spinal cord keeps its immune privilege. Hence elucidating the mechanisms how peripheral immune cell recruited to the lesion site and functions after the spinal cord injury is meaningful for exploration for clinical therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of peripheral immune cells in the spinal cord injury.
Alcohol use disorder among healthcare professional students: A structural equation model describing its effect on depression, anxiety, and risky sexual behavior
Authors: Kintu Timothy Mwanje , Kaggwa Mark Mohan , Namagembe Robinah , Muganzi David Jolly , Kihumuro Bernard Raymond , Luyinda Garvin Ssali , Nabwana Brenda Wafana , Moses Muwanguzi , Nnyombi Marvin , Kirega Alex , Kabakyenga Jerome Kahuma , Maling Samuel
Published: June 2022

Background: Mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and alcohol use disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Among university students, alcohol use and poor mental health are associated with risky sexual behavior. Given the syndemic occurrence of these disorders most especially in young adults, we describe the relationship between them so as to guide and intensify current interventions on reducing their burden in this population. Methods: This was an online cross-sectional study among healthcare professional university students that captured sociodemographic characteristics, risky sexual behavior, alcohol use disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. Structural equation modelling was used to describe the relationship between these variables using RStudio. Results: We enrolled a total of 531 participants of which 11% (37/351) had Alcohol Use Disorder, 33% (117/351) had depressive symptoms and 32% (111/351) had symptoms of anxiety. A model describing the relationship between these variables was found to fit well both descriptively and statistically [χ2 = 44.437, df = 21, p-value = 0.01, CFI = 0.989, TFI = 0.980, RMSEA = 0.056]. All observed variables were found to fit significantly and positively onto their respective latent factors (AUD, anxiety, depression and risky sexual behavior). AUD was found to be a significant predictor of risky sexual behavior (β = 0.381, P < 0.001), depression (β = 0.152, P = 0.004), and anxiety (β = 0.137, P = 0.001). Conclusion: AUD, depression and anxiety are a significant burden in this health professional student population and there’s need to consider screening for anxiety and depression in students reporting with AUD so as to ensure appropriate interventions. A lot of attention and efforts should be focused on the effect of AUD on risky sexual behavior and continued health education is still required even among health professional students.
Case Series: Acupuncture Related Pneumothorax
Authors: Th'ng Francesca , Rao Kailing Adriel , Huang Po Yu
Published: June 2022

Background: Acupuncture has become a more popular complementary and alternative medicine worldwide. As pneumothorax is a rare acupuncture related adverse event (AE) it is thought to be under-recognised by acupuncturists and emergency physicians, and the public are often not aware of this potential AE resulting in delayed hospital presentation. Aims: (1) To create further awareness and to highlight to acupuncturists and emergency physicians that pneumothorax may not be as rare as previously thought; and (2) to create public awareness about acupuncture-related pneumothorax. Methods: This is a case series of acupuncture-related pneumothoraces diagnosed in an Emergency Department (ED) in Singapore. Data was collected retrospectively from patients’ notes and prospectively from the patients over the phone.Case presentations: Between 2017 and 2021, 4 out of 474 (0.84%) pneumothoraces were acupuncture related. Three of these patients had consented to participate in this study. One patient developed bilateral pneumothorax. All 3 patients claimed that they were not informed by the acupuncturists of potential serious AEs prior to acupuncture treatments, and that they were not aware that such AE could occur. All 3 patients had reported their symptoms of chest pain and/or breathlessness to their acupuncturists post treatment, but they were advised to rest and were not advised to seek urgent medical attention. When the 3 patients had informed their acupuncturists about their diagnosis of pneumothorax, 2 of the acupuncturists did not seem to be aware of this acupuncture related AE. Discussion: When pneumothorax manifests, there is a potential need for an invasive procedure and continuous monitoring as it may devolve into a life-threatening condition with cardiovascular compromise. Early medical recognition and attention is needed to ensure optimal patient outcome. In the appropriate population cohort, history of prior acupuncture treatments should be included as part of history taking assessment in patients presenting with chest pain and/or breathlessness. Conclusion: Emergency physicians should be vigilant of this potential serious and life-threatening complication for anyone presenting with chest discomfort and/or breathlessness after recently undergoing acupuncture to ensure earlier diagnosis and management, and better patient outcome.
TextTriangle: An end-to-end textspotter with piecewise linear alignment
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Qiu-Feng , Li Zhenghao , Shi Yu , Zhou Xiang-Dong
Published: June 2022

Scene text detection and recognition has attracted increasing research attention recently, especially for text of arbitrary shapes. In most of text spotting methods, text feature alignment is a key component to connect the detector and recognizer for end-to-end training. Existing alignment methods can be roughly categorized into those based on global consistent transformations and based on character-level classification. However, these methods either are unreliable for heavily deformed text or ignore contextual information in recognition. In this paper, we propose a novel textspotter named TextTriangle, which detects and recognizes text of arbitrary shapes in an end-to-end manner without character-level annotations. In TextTriangle, a text instance is described as a sequence of ordered triangles attached to each other. Based on this representation, a new PiecewiseAlign layer is designed to accurately extract features of the text instance with arbitrary shapes, which is the key to make the framework end-to-end trainable. Compared with the methods based on global consistent transformations, PiecewiseAlign adopts piecewise linear transformation for feature calculation. Experiments show that PiecewiseAlign is superior to TPS-based method in text alignment, and TextTriangle achieves competitive performance on standard scene text benchmarks.
WITHDRAWN: New strategies to boost tumor immunotherapy: deciphering the heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment with single-cell sequencing
Authors: Fu Shengqiao , Ji Qian , Tang Haowen , Wang Jinlei , Sheng Wanying , Li Rongkun , Wang Xu
Published: June 2022

Immunotherapy has brought great benefits to tumor patients. However, due to the relatively low response rate, its further application is limited. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool for characterizing transcriptome at the single-cell resolution, and the application of scRNA-seq has revolutionized the knowledge of tumor immune microenvironment heterogeneity. It can accurately measure individual immune cells in the tumor and find fine differences in cell subsets, and offer new candidate which have potential to be therapeutics targets. With the development of scRNA-seq technologies, more immunotherapy targets are being discovered, which may benefit the effectiveness. In this review, we discuss novel therapeutic targets identified by scRNA-seq and their therapeutic value.
Genetic impact of Neopyropia yezoensis cultivation on wild populations: a case study on the typical laver culture areas in China by SSR analysis
Authors: Jia Rujie , Wang Wenjun , Liang Zhourui , Lu Xiaoping , Yao Haiqin , Liu Yi , Li Baoxian , Niu Citong
Published: June 2022

Neopyropia yezoensis is a typical intertidal seaweed and a major mariculture crops in China. The culture area of N. yezoensis has been largely increasing in the past decade. Whether large-scale cultivation of N. yezoensis has a genetic impact on wild populations remains unknown. Here, eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and applied for the genetic structure analysis of 22 N. yezoensis populations from along the coast of China. The populations were divided into 4 groups based on the Bayesian model-based structure analysis. A significant genetic structure difference was present between the cultivated populations and the wild ones. The 13 wild populations were divided into two distinct groups, with no obvious correlation between the inter-population genetic variation and geographical distance within each group. The average polymorphism of 9 cultured N. yezoensis populations was higher than that of the wild populations, and the percentage of polymorphic loci of the most cultivated populations was at a high level (P=90.91%). It indicated that the germplasm of cultivated N. yezoensis in China are diversified. The genetic differentiation between the cultivated populations and the wild populations decreased with the increasing cultivation time. But the gene flow between the cultivated populations and the wild ones was asymmetric, exhibiting a trend from wild population to cultured population. The result indicated that even if there is a genetic impact of N. yezoensis aquaculture on wild resource, it is a long-term and slow process. This research provided useful insights for future germplasm resource evaluation and genetic breeding of N. yezoensis.
Tobacco Harm Reduction in Afghanistan: A Recipe for Improving Smokers' Health
Authors: Ahmadi Attaullah , Rahimi Ali , Wardak Mohammad Faisal , Ahmadi Hamid , III Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
Published: June 2022

Almost three million Afghans smoke daily, the majority of whom are teenagers. Smoking is responsible for the deaths of thousands of Afghans every year. The previous Afghan government made significant efforts to control and reduce tobacco use through tobacco cessation policies and strategies. However, these policies were not effective in reducing the number of smokers and smoking-related deaths. Hence, there is a need to introduce and implement novel, realistic, and practical approaches that have been proven effective in smoking abstinence and minimizing tobacco harm. Community-based initiatives in Kabul and Herat have started advocacy campaigns since 2021 and tried to increase people's awareness of the tobacco harm reduction (THR) concept, paving the way for adopting new policies. Implementing these strategies in Afghanistan is likely to face many challenges. The current government’s low priority for tobacco harm reduction research and advocacy, funding issues, unfavorable market conditions for THR products and their high cost-effectiveness, THR product-related misconceptions, and the total prohibition of all tobacco products without any exception in Islam are the significant challenges. These obstacles can be overcome with effective THR policymaking that will promote THR products for smokers, market support and regulation, local and domestic manufacturing with healthcare professional oversight, conducting more engaging advocacy campaigns, and securing domestic sponsors.
Enhanced Frost Self Organizing Map Segmentation Based Gradient Boost Classification for Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Kurian Simy Mary , Juliet Sujitha
Published: June 2022

The infected area identification in brain tumor MRI images are significant task since the brain tumor is a serious disease, arises due to irregular increase of cells in brain. Early tumor detection makes the patients to recover life. A novel technique called Enhanced Frost Preprocessed Kohonen Self Organizing Map Segmentation based Intensified Gradient Boosting Classification (EFPKSOMS-IGBC) technique is introduced for accurate brain tumor detection with higher accuracy and lesser time consumption. The EFPKSOMS-IGBC technique consists of three steps namely preprocessing, segmentation and ensemble classification. In this technique, Enhanced Frost Filter removes the noisy artifacts in input MRI image and provides higher PSNR ratio. After preprocessing, the Kohonen Self Organizing Map Segmentation process segments the input preprocessed image for extracting features like texture, color, shape, and intensity. In the third step, an Intensified Gradient Boosting Classification is performed to categorize MRI images as normal or tumor based on extracted features. Intensified Gradient Boosting is an ensemble technique that uses the set of weak learners for classifying the MRI image into different groups. The outputs of weak classifiers are combined to attain strong classification outcomes for tumor detection with greater accuracy. Qualitative and quantitative results analysis show that the EFPKSOMS-IGBC technique provides superior performance in brain tumor detection.
Heterogenitätsbewusste digitale Gestaltung eines Einführungsmoduls in der Informatik
Authors: Ossovski Elisaweta , Brinkmeier Michael , Becker Ann-Katrin , Hembrock Laura , Kalbreyer Daniel , Klecker Sven
Published: June 2022

In Einführungsmodulen, die sowohl als Fachmodul als auch als Importmodul für verschiedene Studiengänge angeboten werden, unterscheiden sich die Vorkenntnisse, Ziele und Motivationen der Teilnehmenden erheblich. Im Zuge eines Projekts zur Digitalisierung der Lehre in der Informatik wurde daher über zwei Jahre ein Konzept für ein solches Einführungsmodul der Informatik entwickelt, das individuellere Lernangebote bereithält und synchrone mit asynchronen Lernphasen verbindet. Dabei wurden die Konzepte des Flipped Classroom und der Projektarbeit als didaktische Basis verwendet. Als Programmierumgebung und zur Bereitstellung der Lernmaterialien wurden Jupyter Notebooks genutzt. Durch verschiedene Evaluationsmethoden sowohl mit den Studierenden als auch mit den studentischen Tutor:innen, die diese betreuen, konnten nach dem ersten Jahr Aspekte identifiziert werden, die im zweiten Jahr weiter verbessert wurden. Trotz der Belastungen durch das digitale Coronasemester ist ergänzt um einen Gamification-Ansatz ein Konzept entstanden, das Studierenden individuelle Lerngelegenheiten bietet und zu einer hohen Zufriedenheit führt. Insbesondere scheint es durch asynchrone Lernmaterialien gelungen zu sein, die bei klassischen Vorlesungen häufig fehlende Vor- und Nachbereitung der Studierenden zu fördern.
Entanglement entropy in quantum spin chains with broken parity number symmetry
Authors: Jafarizadeh Arash , Rajabpour Mohammad Ali
Published: June 2022

Consider a generic quantum spin chain that can be mapped to free quadratic fermions via Jordan-Wigner (JW) transformation. In the presence of arbitrary boundary magnetic fields, this Hamiltonian is no longer a quadratic Hamiltonian after JW transformation. Using ancillary sites and enlarging the Hamiltonian we first introduce a bigger quadratic Hamiltonian. Then we diagonalize this enlarged Hamiltonian in its most generic form and show that all the states are degenerate because of the presence of a zero mode. The eigenstates of the original spin chain with boundary magnetic fields can be derived after appropriate projection. We study in depth the properties of the eigenstates of the enlarged Hamiltonian. In particular we find: 1) the eigenstates in configuration bases, 2) calculate all the correlation functions, 3) find the reduced density matrices, 4) calculate the entanglement entropy. We show that the generic eigenstate of the enlarged Hamiltonian (including the eigenstates of the original spin chain) breaks the parity number symmetry and consequently one needs to take care of some technicalities regarding the calculation of the reduced density matrix and entanglement entropy. Interestingly we show that the entanglement structure of these eigenstates is quite universal and independent of the Hamiltonian. We support our results by applying them to a couple of examples.
LINTERET DE LILEO-COLOSCOPIE DANS LE BILAN DEXTENSION DU LYMPHOME GASTRIQUE
Authors:   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Bahja Sarra , Abid Hakima ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Cherkaoui Hajar ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Hammoumi Wafae ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Lahmidani Nada ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., El Mekkaoui Amine ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., El Yousfi Mounia ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Allah Benajah Dafr ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., Adil Ibrahimi Sidi ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc., El Abkari Mohammed ,   Service Dhepato-Gastro-Enterologie, CHU Hassan II De Fes. Maroc, Faculte De Medecine et De Pharmacie, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah De Fes. Maroc.
Published: June 2022

Gastric lymphomas are rare tumorsand accounts for only 3%. There are two groups of lymphomas: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) gastric lymphoma or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The management of this tumordepends on the histological grade and extension workup. It includes a clinical examination, radiological and endoscopic work-up including a total ileo-coloscopy in order to look for a synchronous intestinal localization.We report in this article the experience of our department concerning the interest of ileo-coloscopy in the assessment of gastric lymphoma extension. We included 87 patients followed for gastric lymphoma, 34 of whom underwent ileo-coloscopy preceded by thoracoabdomino-pelvic CT scan. Colonoscopy revealed an ulcerative colonic process in only 02 patients, whose CT scan also revealed a colonic thickening and the anatomopathological study was in favour of a colonic lymphoma.In the light of these results, is it not necessary to reconsider the interest of an invasive procedure in the work-up of gastric lymphoma with a normal abdominal scan?
A RARE CASE OF GLANZMANN THOMBASTHENIA
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra 442001, India., Makhija Nidhi , Tayade Surekha ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra 442001, India., Thatere Utkarsh ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Acharya Vinobha Bhave Rural Hospital, Wardha, Maharashtra 442001, India.
Published: June 2022

Background: Glanzmanns Thrombasthenia (GT) is a GPIIb/IIIa platelet surface receptor condition that is defined by a lack of platelet aggregation, either qualitatively or quantitatively. This receptors physiological function is to bind various sticky plasma proteins that aid platelet adhesion and aggregation, ensuring the development of thrombus at sites of vascular damage. Patient of GT typically presents with menorrhagia, easy bruising, epistaxis, and gum bleeding.Prolonged untreated or unsuccessfully treated hemorrhagia associated with GlanzmannsThrombasthenia may be life threatening. Case Description: A 12 years old girl presented with bleeding since 12 days with complaints of generalized weakness. The patient was then investigated to find the cause of puberty menorrhagia. Several blood investigations were performed, and a final diagnosis of Glanzmanns Thrombasthenia was made. Objective:To highlight a rare case of Glanzmanns Thrombasthenia with Î²-Thalassemia trait in a 12 years old girl with puberty menorrhagia.
GIANT OVARIAN DERMOID CYST - CASE REPORT
Authors: Lal Bairwa Banwari , Shubham Lalbabuprasad Gupta
Published: June 2022

The most prevalent type of ovarian germ cell tumour is dermoid cysts, also known as mature cystic teratoma. Dermoid cysts are benign germ cell tumours that account for 10â€“25% of all ovarian tumours and are bilateral in 10%â€“15% of cases. They are most common in reproductive-age women, although they can also be detected in postmenopausal women, and they are usually asymptomatic. Torsion, rupture, chemical peritonitis, and malignant transformation can all aggravate it, but infection is unlikely.
The impact of COVID-19 on the topological properties of the Moroccan stock market network
Authors: Bouhlal Fadwa , Brahim Sedra Moulay
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the topological evolution of the Casablanca Stock Exchange (СSE) from the perspective of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Cross-correlations between the daily closing prices of the Moroccan most active shares (MADEX) index stocks from March 1, 2016 to February 18, 2022 were used to compute the minimum spanning tree (MST) maps. In addition to the whole sample, the analysis also uses three sub-periods to investigate the topological evolution before, during, and after the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco. The findings show that, compared to other periods, the mean correlation coefficient increased remarkably through the crisis period; inversely, the mean distance decreased in the same period. The MST and its related tree length support the evidence of the star-like structure, the shrinkage of the MST in times of market turbulence, and an expansion in the recovery period. Besides, the CSE network was less clustered and homogeneous before and after the crisis than in the crisis period, where the banking sector held a key role. The degree and betweenness centrality analysis showed that Itissalat Al-Maghrib and Auto Hall were the most prominent stocks before the crisis. On the other hand, Attijariwafa Bank, Banque Populaire, and Cosumar were the leading stocks during and after the crisis. Indeed, the results of this study can be used to assist policymakers and investors in incorporating subjective judgment into the portfolio optimization problem during extreme events.
Potencial Empreendedor Interno sob o prisma do Mindset de crescimento e dos cinco grandes traços de personalidade: proposição de um modelo teórico
Authors: Ferreira Frederico Leocádio , Shigaki Helena Belintani , Gonçalves Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor um modelo hipotético integrando as teorias de Mindset, de Potencial Empreendedor Interno e dos Cinco Grandes Traços de Personalidade. Evidenciou-se cinco lacunas teóricas, relacionadas aos traços de Consciência e de Amabilidade com Mindset fixo, aos traços de Extroversão e Neuroticismo com Mindset de crescimento e, principalmente, a correlação entre as teorias de Mindset com Potencial Empreendedor Interno. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura das teorias de Mindset, de Potencial Empreendedor Interno e dos Cinco Grandes Traços de Personalidade, para auxiliar na construção do modelo e na formulação de suas hipóteses, seguindo a linha de Elgelman e Schreiber (2018). O estudo tem como contribuição a elaboração do modelo hipotético e o desenvolvimento de doze proposições para guiar futuras pesquisas.
GÖK İLE YER ARASINDA ‘İNSANÎ NEFS’İ KONUŞMAK: ÂŞIK PAŞA’NIN GARİBNÂME’SİNDE ‘İNSANÎ NEFS’İN HÂLLERİ
Authors: OVACIK Zübeyir
Published: June 2022

Klasik dönem Türk düşüncesinin az sayıdaki kurucu metinlerinden birisi olarak değerlendirebileceğimiz Garibnâme’nin yazarı Âşık Paşa (1272-1332), yaşadığı coğrafyada ve tarihsel kesitte ürettiği düşünceler açısından kritik önemi haiz bir düşünürdür. Anadolu ruhunu kendine özgü bir desenle dokuyan belirli sayıdaki bilge düşünürlerden birisi olan Âşık Paşa, önemli bir antropolojik metin niteliğindeki Garibnâme’de yaşadığı dönemin kozmolojik tasarımıyla doğrudan ilişkili bir insan anlayışı ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda insana yer ile gök arasında bir konum tayin eden Âşık Paşa, nefs, ruh, can, gönül gibi kavramlarla tartıştığı insanı bütünsel tecrübesi içerisinde ele alan bir düşünce dizgesi ortaya koymaktadır. Mevcut çalışma, Âşık Paşa’nın Garibname’de ortaya koymuş olduğu özgün ruh anlayışına felsefi antropolojinin kuşatıcı yöntemiyle dikkatleri çekmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Beden ve ruh düalizmi içerisinde ele aldığı insanın ruhsal gelişiminin bedendeki tezahürlerini tartışan Âşık Paşa, sözün ve iktidarın kaynağına ilişkin de özgün bir bakış açısı ortaya koymaktadır. Âşık Paşa gibi Türk-İslam düşüncesi açısından önemli bir ismin ruh anlayışına odaklanmak, Türk düşüncesi açısından önemli antropolojik verilere ulaşma imkânı sunmaktadır.
“FAĞFÛR-NÂME” ADLI ESERDE GEÇEN KÜLTÜREL MOTİFLER VE OLAĞANÜSTÜ UNSURLAR
Authors: YASTI Mehmet , DUYAR Hidayet
Published: June 2022

Fağfurşâh ile Mâhperî hikâyesini konu alan ve tespit edebildiğimiz tek yazma nüshası Fransa Bibliotheque National No: 406’da kayıtlı olan Fağfûr-nâme, Hüsrev ü Şîrîn, Salâmân u Absâl, Şem ü Pervâne, Hüsn ü Dil, Leylâ ile Mecnûn, Mihr ü Mâh, Hümâ vü Hümâyûn, Vâmık u Azrâ, Cihânşâh ile Şemsiyye, Seyfü’l-Mülûk ve Bedi’ü’l-Cemâl, Heft-Peyker’de olduğu gibi her türlü nimete sahip olup çocuk özlemiyle tutuşmakta olan bir Çin padişahının hikâyesiyle başlar. Çocuk sahibi olabilmek için diğer edebî eserlerde karşımıza çıkan açları doyurmak, çıplakları donatmak, yolcuları ağırlamak ve müneccimlere fal baktırmak gibi belli başlı ritüeller bu eserde de görülür: Nihayetinde Çin hakanının Fağfûrşâh adlı bir çocuğu doğar ve bu çocuğun on üç yaşlarında Mâhperî’ye âşık olması ve başından geçen olaylar eserde akıcı ve sade bir dille anlatılır. Fağfûr-nâme, konusu kadar içinde barındırdığı kültürel motifler ve olağanüstü varlıklar açısından da ilgi çekicidir. Eser yazıldığı dönemin ve sahanın çeşitli inançları, âdetleri ve bunların uygulanması ile ilgili bizlere ipuçları vermektedir: Turunç atma, âşık olma, mektuplaşma, rüya, saçı saçma; olağanüstü varlıklar, don değiştirme ve tılsım gibi unsurları eserde bulmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada Fağfûr-nâme adlı eserde tespit edilen bu motifler ve olağanüstü unsurlar tarihî, kültürel ve edebî bakımdan irdelenmiştir.
TÜRK-YUNAN MÜBADELESİ’NE POETİK BİR BAKIŞ: SÜREYYA BERFE’DEN “YORGO SEFERİS’E İSKELE IŞIKLARI”
Authors: BALIK Macit
Published: June 2022

Türkiye ile Yunanistan arasında tarih boyunca öne çıkan karmaşık meselelerden biri hiç şüphesiz mübadeledir. Siyasal ve tarihsel açıdan farklı bakış açıları olmakla birlikte bu sorun, her iki taraf için de özünde trajiktir. Genellikle siyasi polemiklere konu olan zorunlu göç, birçok romana konu olmuşsa da Türk şiirinde nadiren karşılık bulan temalar arasındadır. Çağdaş Türk şairlerinden Süreyya Berfe (d. 1943) ünlü Yunan şairi Yorgo Seferis’e (1900-1971) ve onun şahsında zorunlu göçe maruz kalmış tüm insanlara “Yorgo Seferis’e İskele Işıkları” başlıklı uzun bir şiir ithaf ederek mübadele temasını işlemiştir. Otuz yedi bölümden oluşan bu uzun şiirde kendisi gibi göç etmek zorunda bırakılmış insanların mazilerini, hatıralarını, nostalji duygularını onlarla ruh akrabalığı kurarak şiire taşımıştır. Bu yazıda Türkiye ve Yunanistan arasında gerçekleşen zorunlu göçlerin tarihi, sosyolojik ve politik angajmanlardan uzak bir şekilde, insani ve trajik yönleriyle şiire nasıl yansıdığı tespit edilecektir.
TÜRK İSLAM SANATINDA SANDUKA GELİŞİMİ
Authors: ÖTER Nacide
Published: June 2022

Ölüm ve ölüm sonrasında yapılan ritüelleri belirleyen en önemli olgu insanların inançlarıdır. İnanç sistemi, mezar tipini, biçimini, hacmini, bölümlerini belirlediği gibi sanatsal tasarımlarını da belirler. Mezar yapıları, dönemin mimari anlayışını ve sanatsal zevklerini yansıtan önemli belgelerdir. Bu çalışmanın konusunu, mezar yapıları içerisinde gelişimini izlediğimiz sandukalar oluşturmaktadır. Anadolu’da erken dönemlerden itibaren örneklerini gördüğümüz sandukalar, türbe ve kümbetlerde sembolik olarak karşımıza çıkar. Hazire ya da kabristanlarda bulunan sandukalar ise lahit mezar çeşidi olarak tasniflenmiştir. Farklı türde örnekler olmakla birlikte sandukalar; bir kaide üzerine, baş ve ayak bölümleri arasında yükseklik ve genişlik farkı olan, üst bölümü iki yana meyilli formuyla Türk mezar mimarisinde uzun süre kullanılmış ve türbe mimarisinin önemli bir unsuru olmuştur. Sandukalar, süreç içerisinde plan, süsleme ve kütle kompozisyonu yönünden gelişim ve değişim göstermişlerdir. Bu çalışmanın, mezar yapılarında mimari bileşen olan sandukaların kavramsal ve biçimsel gelişimi üzerine yapılan ilk çalışma olması nedeniyle alana katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Evaluation of the Properties of LaNiO3 Material Prepared by the Modified Proteic Method for Adsorption of Environmental Contaminants
Authors: Lemos Jéssica , Ribeiro Iasmin , Souza Marcelo , Pedrosa Anne
Published: June 2022

LaNiO3 material was synthesized by modified proteic method, calcined at 900 °C/2 h in air atmosphere and was applied to remove environmental contaminants. LaNiO3 phase with a perovskite structure was formed in the calcined material, which has a surface area of 22 m2 g-1 and is formed by fine particles agglomerated, with pH of the zero charge point of 7.44. The removal of a model pollutant (Turquoise Blue dye) indicated that the better removal occurs in acidic pH and with adsorbent’s mass of 50 mg, showing average value around 90% of removal efficiency and 131 mg g-1 for adsorption capacity (q) value. The variable constants model was the one that best fit the kinetic. LaNiO3 material resisted the test conditions and the recovery process, and maintained its high adsorption capacity throughout the six regeneration cycles studied, which indicates that it is　a promising material as an adsorbent of pollutants and does not generate waste during the process.
Molecular Study of Lactobacilli Species in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: El-Sabbagh Amr Mohamed , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed , Motawea Mohamad Mohsen , Alkasaby Nashwa M.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies due to disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Egypt is among the top 10 countries with a high prevalence of T2DM (15.56% of adults). There are studies that show a link between the diversity of the gut microbiota and the development of T2DM. There are species of Lactobacilli that inhabit the gut that might differ in patients with T2DM compared to healthy subjects.

Objective:

The aim of the present research is to study the presence of Lactobacilli species in gut microbiota by multiplex PCR in patients with T2DM compared to healthy controls as a preliminary approach to open the way for future treatment with the help of probiotics or diet modulation.

Methods:

A retrograde case-control study was conducted on 79 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy controls cross-matched with age and sex. All patients were subjected to full clinical examination and laboratory tests, including identification of stool Lactobacillus species by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results:

Certain species of L. acidophilus, and L. rhamnosus were found to be significantly increased in patients with T2DM (67.1%, 50.6% respectively) compared to control subjects (35%, P=0.001, OR 3.8, 95% CI:2.1-7.1, 25%, P=0.001, OR 3.1, 95% CI:1.64-5.8 respectively). Other species as determined by multiplex PCR, namely, L. gasseri, (70%, P=0.001, OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.1-0.3), L. reuteri (74%, P=0.001, OR 0.28, 95% CI: 0.5-0.53), and L. plantarum (69%, P=0.003, OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.073-0.22) were significantly higher in prevalence in control compared to patients with T2DM.

Conclusion:

The present study highlights the significant prevalence of certain species of Lactobacilli in gut as determined by multiplex PCR, namely L. gasseri, L. reuteri and L. plantarum in controls compared to patients with T2DM. These species may have a role in the reduction of certain risk factors associated with the development of T2DM. Moreover, certain species of L. acidophilus, L. delbrueckii and L. rhamnosus were significantly increased in prevalence in patients with T2DM. The findings of this preliminary study need further verification by a larger longitudinal study.