bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convolutional Block Attention Module–Multimodal Feature-Fusion Action Recognition: Enabling Miner Unsafe Action Recognition
Authors: Wang Yu , Chen Xiaoqing , Li Jiaoqun , Lu Zengxiang
Published: July 2024

The unsafe action of miners is one of the main causes of mine accidents. Research on underground miner unsafe action recognition based on computer vision enables relatively accurate real-time recognition of unsafe action among underground miners. A dataset called unsafe actions of underground miners (UAUM) was constructed and included ten categories of such actions. Underground images were enhanced using spatial- and frequency-domain enhancement algorithms. A combination of the YOLOX object detection algorithm and the Lite-HRNet human key-point detection algorithm was utilized to obtain skeleton modal data. The CBAM-PoseC3D model, a skeleton modal action-recognition model incorporating the CBAM attention module, was proposed and combined with the RGB modal feature-extraction model CBAM-SlowOnly. Ultimately, this formed the Convolutional Block Attention Module–Multimodal Feature-Fusion Action Recognition (CBAM-MFFAR) model for recognizing unsafe actions of underground miners. The improved CBAM-MFFAR model achieved a recognition accuracy of 95.8% on the NTU60 RGB+D public dataset under the X-Sub benchmark. Compared to the CBAM-PoseC3D, PoseC3D, 2S-AGCN, and ST-GCN models, the recognition accuracy was improved by 2%, 2.7%, 7.3%, and 14.3%, respectively. On the UAUM dataset, the CBAM-MFFAR model achieved a recognition accuracy of 94.6%, with improvements of 2.6%, 4%, 12%, and 17.3% compared to the CBAM-PoseC3D, PoseC3D, 2S-AGCN, and ST-GCN models, respectively. In field validation at mining sites, the CBAM-MFFAR model accurately recognized similar and multiple unsafe actions among underground miners.
Reconstruction of OFDM Signals Using a Dual Discriminator CGAN with BiLSTM and Transformer
Authors: Li Yuhai , Fan Youchen , Hou Shunhu , Niu Yufei , Fu You , Li Hanzhe
Published: July 2024

Communication signal reconstruction technology represents a critical area of research within communication countermeasures and signal processing. Considering traditional OFDM signal reconstruction methods’ intricacy and suboptimal reconstruction performance, a dual discriminator CGAN model incorporating LSTM and Transformer is proposed. When reconstructing OFDM signals using the traditional CNN network, it becomes challenging to extract intricate temporal information. Therefore, the BiLSTM network is incorporated into the first discriminator to capture timing details of the IQ (In-phase and Quadrature-phase) sequence and constellation map information of the AP (Amplitude and Phase) sequence. Subsequently, following the addition of fixed position coding, these data are fed into the core network constructed based on the Transformer Encoder for further learning. Simultaneously, to capture the correlation between the two IQ signals, the VIT (Vision in Transformer) concept is incorporated into the second discriminator. The IQ sequence is treated as a single-channel two-dimensional image and segmented into pixel blocks containing IQ sequence through Conv2d. Fixed position coding is added and sent to the Transformer core network for learning. The generator network transforms input noise data into a dimensional space aligned with the IQ signal and embedding vector dimensions. It appends identical position encoding information to the IQ sequence before sending it to the Transformer network. The experimental results demonstrate that, under commonly utilized OFDM modulation formats such as BPSK, QPSK, and 16QAM, the time series waveform, constellation diagram, and spectral diagram exhibit high-quality reconstruction. Our algorithm achieves improved signal quality while managing complexity compared to other reconstruction methods.
High-Performance Binocular Disparity Prediction Algorithm for Edge Computing
Authors: Cheng Yuxi , Song Yang , Liu Yi , Zhang Hui , Liu Feng
Published: July 2024

End-to-end disparity estimation algorithms based on cost volume deployed in edge-end neural network accelerators have the problem of structural adaptation and need to ensure accuracy under the condition of adaptation operator. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel disparity calculation algorithm that uses low-rank approximation to approximately replace 3D convolution and transposed 3D convolution, WReLU to reduce data compression caused by the activation function, and unimodal cost volume filtering and a confidence estimation network to regularize cost volume. It alleviates the problem of disparity-matching cost distribution being far away from the true distribution and greatly reduces the computational complexity and number of parameters of the algorithm while improving accuracy. Experimental results show that compared with a typical disparity estimation network, the absolute error of the proposed algorithm is reduced by 38.3%, the three-pixel error is reduced to 1.41%, and the number of parameters is reduced by 67.3%. The calculation accuracy is better than that of other algorithms, it is easier to deploy, and it has strong structural adaptability and better practicability.
SAR Image Registration: The Combination of Nonlinear Diffusion Filtering, Hessian Features and Edge Points
Authors: Tang Guili , Wei Zhonghao , Zhuang Long
Published: July 2024

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image registration is an important process in many applications, such as image stitching and remote sensing surveillance. The registration accuracy is commonly affected by the presence of speckle noise in SAR images. When speckle noise is intense, the number of image features acquired by single-feature-based methods is insufficient. An SAR image registration method that combines nonlinear diffusion filtering, Hessian features and edge points is proposed in this paper to reduce speckle noise and obtain more image features. The proposed method uses the infinite symmetric exponential filter (ISEF) for image pre-processing and nonlinear diffusion filtering for scale-space construction. These measures can remove speckle noise from SAR images while preserving image edges. Hessian features and edge points are also employed as image features to optimize the utilization of feature information. Experiments with different noise levels, geometric transformations and image scenes demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the accuracy of SAR image registration compared with the SIFT-OCT, SAR-SIFT, Harris-SIFT, NF-Hessian and KAZE-SAR algorithms.
A Deep-Learning-Based Algorithm for Landslide Detection over Wide Areas Using InSAR Images Considering Topographic Features
Authors: Li Ning , Feng Guangcai , Zhao Yinggang , Xiong Zhiqiang , He Lijia , Wang Xiuhua , Wang Wenxin , An Qi
Published: July 2024

The joint action of human activities and environmental changes contributes to the frequent occurrence of landslide, causing major hazards. Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique enables the detailed detection of surface deformation, facilitating early landslide detection. The growing availability of SAR data and the development of artificial intelligence have spurred the integration of deep learning methods with InSAR for intelligent geological identification. However, existing studies using deep learning methods to detect landslides in InSAR deformation often rely on single InSAR data, which leads to the presence of other types of geological hazards in the identification results and limits the accuracy of landslide identification. Landslides are affected by many factors, especially topographic features. To enhance the accuracy of landslide identification, this study improves the existing geological hazard detection model and proposes a multi-source data fusion network termed MSFD-Net. MSFD-Net employs a pseudo-Siamese network without weight sharing, enabling the extraction of texture features from the wrapped deformation data and topographic features from topographic data, which are then fused in higher-level feature layers. We conducted comparative experiments on different networks and ablation experiments, and the results show that the proposed method achieved the best performance. We applied our method to the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River in eastern Qinghai Province, China, and obtained deformation rates using Sentinel-1 SAR data from 2018 to 2020 in the region, ultimately identifying 254 landslides. Quantitative evaluations reveal that most detected landslides in the study area occurred at an elevation of 2500–3700 m with slope angles of 10–30°. The proposed landslide detection algorithm holds significant promise for quickly and accurately detecting wide-area landslides, facilitating timely preventive and control measures.
Soil Microbial Community Structures under Annual and Perennial Crops Treated with Different Nitrogen Fertilization Rates
Authors: Dangi Sadikshya R. , Sainju Upendra M. , Allen Brett L. , Calderon Rosalie B.
Published: July 2024

Perennial bioenergy crops may enhance microbial community structures due to their extensive root system compared to annual crops. However, the long-term effect of perennial bioenergy crops receiving different N fertilization rates on microbial community structures is not well defined. We evaluated the 11-year effect of perennial bioenergy crops with various N fertilization rates as well as an annual crop with the recommended N rate on soil microbial properties in 2019 and 2020 in the US northern Great Plains. Perennial grasses were intermediate wheatgrass, IWG (Thinopyrum intermedium [Host] Barkworth and Dewey), and switchgrass, SG (Panicum virgatum L.), with N fertilization rates of 0, 28, 56, and 84 kg N ha−1, and the annual crop was spring wheat, WH (Triticum aestivum, L.) with 80 kg N ha−1. The total fungal phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) proportion and fungal/bacterial ratio were significantly lower under annual spring wheat than perennial grass (SG). Increased N fertilization rate linearly increased Gram-positive bacterial PLFA proportions and the Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacterial ratio for IWG in 2020 but decreased the PLFA proportions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for both perennial bioenergy crops in all years. The proportions of AMF neutral lipid fatty acid and Gram-negative bacterial PLFA were greater for SG (0.432 and 0.271, respectively) than IWG (0.339 and 0.258, respectively), but actinomycetes and the Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacterial ratio were greater for IWG (0.160 and 1.532, respectively) compared to SG (0.152 and 1.437, respectively). Microbial community structures varied with perennial bioenergy crops, N fertilization rates, and perennial vs. annual crops. This study showed how perennial crops favored fungal growth and how annual crops enhanced bacterial growth impacting soil biological health.
Exploring the Competencies, Phases and Dimensions of Municipal Administrative Management towards Sustainability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Uquillas Granizo Gilma Gabriela , Mostacero Soledad Janett , Puente Riofrío Mariana Isabel
Published: July 2024

Municipal administrative management plays a crucial role in the progress of local communities, with its effectiveness and efficiency being determining factors for the economic growth and sustainable development of a region. Therefore, it is essential to understand how local governments approach administrative management with a view to promoting sustainable practices. This research focuses on analyzing municipal administrative management from a global and multidimensional perspective, examining both its competencies and its phases and dimensions. The methodology employed is a systematic literature review using PRISMA. Among the findings, the thematic diversity in municipal management stands out, with a particular focus on performance evaluation and quality. The main competencies of local governments include the promotion of social welfare and sustainable development. The key dimensions of administrative management focused on sustainability encompass social, organizational, environmental, economic, and political aspects, highlighting the complexity of municipal management. Strategic planning is identified as essential, along with a balanced focus on all phases of implementation, control, and improvement. This research provides an understanding of how local governments can play a fundamental role in improving the quality of life of their communities through effective and sustainable management.
Contextual Relationships of Factors Affecting Sustainability 4.0 in the Textile Industry
Authors: Silva Marcella Fernanda Vieira Ottoni Bezerra , Melo Fagner José Coutinho de , Sobral Eryka Fernanda Miranda , Guimarães Djalma Silva , Albuquerque André Philippi Gonzaga de , Vital Silvio André , Pinto Pablo Aurélio Lacerda de Almeida , Cruz Tatyane Veras de Queiroz Ferreira da , Andrade Rômulo César Dias de , Confessor Kliver Lamarthine Alves
Published: July 2024

This study aims to identify the contextual relationships between the impact factors on Sustainability 4.0, through the principles of I4.0 in the textile industry, using interpretive structural modeling (ISM), a qualitative technique that makes it possible to understand the relationship between different factors, classifying them hierarchically based on their interdependencies. The hierarchy of the 16 (sixteen) factors proposed at different levels helps to identify critical areas to focus efforts and investments, providing data to guide strategic business planning. From the result of the Level Partition Chart, four levels were observed for the ISM diagram. The Corporate Social Responsibility factor (FIS7) was considered a dependent variable of all others. The identification of FIS4, FIS10 and FIS14 as factors with high dependence suggests key areas for strategic interventions. Thus, this study provides a solid theoretical basis and practical recommendations that help textile companies adopt sustainable and technologically advanced strategies, promoting an effective transition to Sustainability 4.0.
Concept of Assessment of Age-Friendly Residential Areas (AFRA): A Case Study of Gdańsk, Poland
Authors: Czaplicka Marta , Dudzińska Małgorzata , Dawidowicz Agnieszka , Senetra Adam
Published: July 2024

(1) Background: Local governments are facing a considerable challenge to accurately verify cities, as well as to diagnose the condition of housing estates in the context of their friendliness to life of older people in order to be able to pursue a sustainable pro-ageing policy. In response to these needs, universal methodology for identifying age-friendly residential areas (AFRA) in cities was developed and tested. Thus, the main objective of the research was to develop an innovative methodological approach to the AFRA assessment, taking into account integrated functional-spatial and aesthetic indicators with particular emphasis on the ways of presenting results. (2) Methods: The methodology was based on the general, international assumptions of “ageing in place”, “age-friendly city”, “active ageing”, and an in-depth analysis of contemporary trends in this field, using international guidelines and recommendations, as in the case of survey data from the target international population and information provided by experts. (3) Results: The overall result of the project is a universal methodology for diagnosing housing estates in cities, taking into account infrastructural and landscape determinants in terms of their friendliness to older people, including a presentation of the usefulness of GIS tools to create thematic maps visualising the degree of friendliness. (4) Conclusions: This innovative approach to AFRA visualisation will expand the knowledge about the possibilities of diagnosing age-friendly spaces in the city that are conducted at the level of the city’s settlement units. The developed list of criteria influencing the friendliness of housing estates for older citizens can be useful for public entities in creating city and housing planning policies for private entities to manage their own investment plans and implement the concept of on-site ageing in their planning and for real estate agents to explore the real estate market for the needs of older clients.
A Comprehensive Survey on Advancement and Challenges of DC Microgrid Protection
Authors: Binqadhi Hamed , Hamanah Waleed M. , Shafiullah Md , Alam Md Shafiul , AlMuhaini Mohammad M. , Abido Mohammad A.
Published: July 2024

Extensive research has been conducted on protecting alternating current (AC) power systems, resulting in many sophisticated protection methods and schemes. On the other hand, the natural characteristics of direct current (DC) systems pose many challenges in designing a proper protection scheme for DC microgrids (DC-MG). This paper highlights the significant challenges facing the design of effective protection methods for DC microgrids. Furthermore, several technologies and techniques presented in the literature to overcome the challenges associated with DC microgrid protection are presented in this paper. These methods are comprehensively and comparatively analyzed. In addition, some potential issues of DC microgrid protection that need further investigation in future research are highlighted.
Understanding the Dairy Sector in Slovenia: A Modeling Approach for Policy Evaluation and Decision Support
Authors: Žgajnar Jaka , Kavčič Stanko
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the dairy sector in Slovenia, focusing on farm heterogeneity, efficiency in resource utilization, and policy implementations. Through a modeling approach, we explore the differences among dairy farms, considering factors such as herd size, farm management, natural conditions, and production potential. Based on 32 typical dairy farms, representing the entire dairy sector, composed of 6400 dairy farms, the analysis was performed using the farm model (SiTFarm). We emphasize the importance of accurate assessments, given the variability of policy impacts across farm types. While medium-to-large, specialized farms dominate milk production, smaller farms, particularly in less favored areas, hold social and environmental importance despite facing competitive challenges. Addressing environmental sustainability could involve promoting practices that improve milk yield and include grazing, as this tends to lower greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of milk (−5%). Dairy farms contribute about one-third of the generated revenue in Slovene agriculture, of which a good half goes to farms located in less favored areas. They manage a good quarter of permanent grassland in Slovenia, and it is certainly the sector that can achieve the highest return on these areas. In 75% of the farms, the gross margin is higher than 1756 EUR/ha and using best practices they exceed 3400 EUR/ha. The model results indicate that the average hourly rate on dairy farms during the observed period falls within the range of EUR 7.3 to 17.4 of gross margin for most farms, with the top-performing ones exceeding 24 EUR/h. However, due to the significant reliance on budgetary payments (on average, 58% of the gross margin), the implementation of the common agricultural policy strategic plan generally leads to a deterioration in the economic indicators of dairy farms. This impact is particularly pronounced on medium-sized and larger farms, increasing the effect on income due to the substantial fixed costs involved. Our findings underscore the interplay between policy interventions, farm characteristics, and sectoral outcomes, offering valuable insights for policy-makers and stakeholders.
Smart Campus Innovative Learning Model for Social Practitioners of Universities’ Third Mission: To Promote Good Health and Well-Being
Authors: Wang Kuang-Chung , Pan Huei-Wen , Wu Cheng-En
Published: July 2024

Currently, smart campuses represent the main development trend for higher education in Taiwan. The campus is transitioning toward digitization and dataization, which are key factors and important parameters for campus technology improvement. At the same time, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has pointed out that the third mission of higher education is university social responsibility (USR). It has also clearly stated that higher education should not ignore the major issues of sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to examine students’ understanding and attitudes toward the use of a “digital innovative health platform”, as well as a digital platform to lead participation in community “action plans”. Finally, it aimed to understand the connection between the “digital innovative health platform and action plan” in order to ensure the fulfilment of social responsibility and promote good health and well-being. This study sampled 400 students for a questionnaire survey and invited five student union representatives and one platform information center expert to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviewing. The results of this study indicated that the participants believed that digital platforms could highlight the importance of social responsibility and provide community service opportunities. Female students mainly focused on community “health services (health examinations and lectures)”, while male students mainly focused on “fitness activities”. This digital platform cultivates students’ knowledge and skills, and incorporates them into the community service system to allow students to participate in community activities independently. At the same time, students fulfill their social responsibility through actual services to promote good health and well-being.
The Role of Technology in the Digital Economy’s Sustainable Development of Hainan Free Trade Port and Genetic Testing: Cloud Computing and Digital Law
Authors: Wang Shumin , Jiang Xin , Khaskheli Muhammad Bilawal
Published: July 2024

In an era of swift technical advancement, the confluence of digital technology, security, and the digital economy bears substantial implications. This research aims to investigate the complex interplay among patient rights, genetic testing, and cloud computing, with a particular emphasis on the legal contexts that govern these fields. Individuals must possess the ability to properly interact with health-related information and understand the economic components of digital platforms. Genetic testing and cloud computing are two areas where these literacies overlap, presenting distinct difficulties and opportunities. Legal considerations cover a wide range of issues, from data privacy and security to regulatory compliance and intellectual property rights. There are also implications for long-term economic growth, particularly in the area of health and well-being. A special economic zone exists at the Hainan Free Trade Port. In addition, this research explores how digital technologies may improve healthcare while considering the security precautions and ethical issues that must be taken to promote sustainable development through genetic testing. It also looks at how genetic data can be used to provide individualized economic outcomes and the roles that artificial intelligence and privacy play in these intertwined domains. The emergence of Web 2.0 has brought about a significant transformation in the digital realm, enabling individuals, businesses, and communities to leverage cutting-edge technologies for benefits in the social, economic, and environmental spheres, and advance sustainable progress. This study examines the opportunities and challenges presented and offers insights into the development of strong legal frameworks and moral standards, as well as the responsible application of these innovations for the benefit of society as a whole. This research will highlight how crucial it is to foster a more sustainable future through digital inclusivity, cooperative problem-solving, data-driven decision-making, and worldwide sustainable practices.
Numerical Study on the Mechanical Performance of a Flexible Arch Composite Bridge with Steel Truss Beams over Its Entire Lifespan
Authors: Sun Ning , Zheng Xiaobo , Li Yuan , Zhao Yunlei , Yuan Haoyun , Zhou Mi
Published: July 2024

Steel truss–arch composite bridge systems are widely used in bridge engineering to provide sufficient space for double lanes. However, a lack of research exists on their mechanical performance throughout their lifespan, resulting in uncertainties regarding bearing capacity and the risk of bridge failure. This paper conducts a numerical study of the structural mechanical performance of a flexible arch composite bridge with steel truss beams throughout its lifespan to determine the critical components and their mechanical behavior. Critical vehicle loads are used to assess the bridge’s mechanical performance. The results show that the mechanical performance of the bridge changes significantly when the temporary piers and the bridge deck pavement are removed, substantially influencing the effects of the vehicle loads on the service life. The compressive axial force of the diagonal bar significantly increases to 33,101 kN near the supports during the two construction stages, and the axial force in the upper chord of the midspan increases by 4.1 times under a critical load. Moreover, the suspender tensions and maximum vertical displacement are probably larger than the limit of this bridge system in the service stage, and this is caused by the insufficient longitudinal bending stiffness of truss beams. Therefore, monitoring and inspection of critical members are necessary during the removal of temporary piers and bridge deck paving, and an appropriate design in steel truss beams is required to improve the life cycle assessment of this bridge system.
Impacts of Different Epidemic Outbreaks on Broiler Industry Chain Price Fluctuations in China: Implications for Sustainable Food Development
Authors: Xie Ning , Zhu Yurong , Liu Heng , Ye Feng , Liu Xiaochun
Published: July 2024

Poultry products are crucial for meeting consumer needs and ensuring food sustainability. Unlike previous studies that examined the effect of only one animal disease on broiler prices, this study utilized a time-varying parametric vector auto-regressive (TVP-VAR) model to analyze the dynamic impacts of poultry and swine epidemics on price fluctuations in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sectors of the broiler industry. The findings revealed the following: (1) Both poultry and swine epidemics significantly affected price dynamics in China’s broiler industry, with varying effects over time. (2) The impact of these epidemics varied across different segments of the broiler industry, with chicken prices most affected, followed by live chicken prices, then broiler chick prices, and lastly, broiler feed prices. (3) Poultry epidemics generally exerted negative impacts on broiler industry prices, whereas swine epidemics predominantly had positive effects. (4) The influence of these epidemics on broiler industry prices gradually weakened over extended periods. (5) Poultry epidemics impact broiler industry prices rapidly but briefly, in contrast to the delayed and more sustained effects of swine epidemics. The results of this study will be an important guide for the prevention and control of animal diseases in developing countries and for the sustainable development of the broiler industry.
Naturally Derived Terpenoids Targeting the 3Dpol of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus: An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Investigation
Authors: Mana Natjira , Theerawatanasirikul Sirin , Semkum Ploypailin , Lekcharoensuk Porntippa
Published: July 2024

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) belongs to the Picornaviridae family and is an important pathogen affecting cloven-hoof livestock. However, neither effective vaccines covering all serotypes nor specific antivirals against FMDV infections are currently available. In this study, we employed virtual screening to screen for secondary metabolite terpenoids targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), or 3Dpol, of FMDV. Subsequently, we identified the potential antiviral activity of the 32 top-ranked terpenoids, revealing that continentalic acid, dehydroabietic acid (abietic diterpenoids), brusatol, bruceine D, and bruceine E (tetracyclic triterpenoids) significantly reduced cytopathic effects and viral infection in the terpenoid-treated, FMDV-infected BHK-21 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with nanomolar to low micromolar levels. The FMDV minigenome assay demonstrated that brusatol and bruceine D, in particular, effectively blocked FMDV 3Dpol activity, exhibiting IC50 values in the range of 0.37–0.39 µM and surpassing the efficacy of the antiviral drug control, ribavirin. Continentalic acid and bruceine E exhibited moderate inhibition of FMDV 3Dpol. The predicted protein–ligand interaction confirmed that these potential terpenoids interacted with the main catalytic and bystander residues of FMDV 3Dpol. Additionally, brusatol and bruceine D exhibited additive effects when combined with ribavirin. In conclusion, terpenoids from natural resources show promise for the development of anti-FMD agents.
Host–Virus Cophylogenetic Trajectories: Investigating Molecular Relationships between Coronaviruses and Bat Hosts
Authors: Li Wanlin , Tahiri Nadia
Published: July 2024

Bats, with their virus tolerance, social behaviors, and mobility, are reservoirs for emerging viruses, including coronaviruses (CoVs) known for genetic flexibility. Studying the cophylogenetic link between bats and CoVs provides vital insights into transmission dynamics and host adaptation. Prior research has yielded valuable insights into phenomena such as host switching, cospeciation, and other dynamics concerning the interaction between CoVs and bats. Nonetheless, a distinct gap exists in the current literature concerning a comparative cophylogenetic analysis focused on elucidating the contributions of sequence fragments to the co-evolution between hosts and viruses. In this study, we analyzed the cophylogenetic patterns of 69 host–virus connections. Among the 69 host–virus links examined, 47 showed significant cophylogeny based on ParaFit and PACo analyses, affirming strong associations. Focusing on two proteins, ORF1ab and spike, we conducted a comparative analysis of host and CoV phylogenies. For ORF1ab, the specific window ranged in multiple sequence alignment (positions 520–680, 770–870, 2930–3070, and 4910–5080) exhibited the lowest Robinson–Foulds (RF) distance (i.e., 84.62%), emphasizing its higher contribution in the cophylogenetic association. Similarly, within the spike region, distinct window ranges (positions 0–140, 60–180, 100–410, 360–550, and 630–730) displayed the lowest RF distance at 88.46%. Our analysis identified six recombination regions within ORF1ab (positions 360–1390, 550–1610, 680–1680, 700–1710, 2060–3090, and 2130–3250), and four within the spike protein (positions 10–510, 50–560, 170–710, and 230–730). The convergence of minimal RF distance regions with combination regions robustly affirms the pivotal role of recombination in viral adaptation to host selection pressures. Furthermore, horizontal gene transfer reveals prominent instances of partial gene transfer events, occurring not only among variants within the same host species but also crossing host species boundaries. This suggests a more intricate pattern of genetic exchange. By employing a multifaceted approach, our comprehensive strategy offers a nuanced understanding of the intricate interactions that govern the co-evolutionary dynamics between bat hosts and CoVs. This deeper insight enhances our comprehension of viral evolution and adaptation mechanisms, shedding light on the broader dynamics that propel viral diversity.
Assessment of Different Frameworks for Addressing Climate Change Impact on Crop Production and Water Requirement
Authors: Jha Ranjeet K. , Kalita Prasanta K. , Kumar Praveen , Davidson Paul C. , Jat Rajkumar
Published: July 2024

Various methodologies are used to estimate the impact of changing climatic factors, such as precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation, on crop production and water demand. In this study, the changes in rice yield, water demand, and crop phenology were estimated with varying CO2 concentration and an ensemble of general circulation models (GCMs), using a decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT), a crop growth model. The measured CO2 concentration of 400 ppm from the Keeling curve, was used as the default CO2 concentration to estimate yield, water demand, and phenology. These outputs, obtained with the default concentration, were compared with the results from climate change scenarios’ concentrations. Further, the outputs corresponding to the ensembled GCMs’ climate data were obtained, and the results were compared with the ensembled crop model outputs simulated with each GCM. The yield was found to increase with the increase in CO2 concentration up to a certain threshold, whereas water demand and phenology were observed to decrease with the increase in CO2 concentration. The two approaches of the ensemble technique to obtain final outputs from DSSAT results did not show a large difference in the predictions.
Numerical Analysis of Seepage Field Response Characteristics of Weathered Granite Landslides under Fluctuating Rainfall Conditions
Authors: Yu Peng , Shi Wenqing , Cao Zhonghua , Cao Xichong , Wang Ran , Wu Wenyu , Luan Pengyu , Wang Qigang
Published: July 2024

The threat and destructiveness of landslide disasters caused by extreme rainfall are increasing. Rainfall intensity is a key factor in the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides. However, under natural conditions, rainfall intensity is highly variable. This study focuses on the Fanling landslide and investigates the effects of varying rainfall intensity amplitudes, rainfall durations, and total rainfall amounts on landslide behavior. Three experimental groups were established, and ten rainfall conditions were simulated numerically to analyze the seepage field response of the landslide under fluctuating rainfall conditions. The results indicate that (1) there are positive correlations between the final pore pressure and both the amplitude and duration of rainfall intensity; (2) the pore water pressure response in the upper slope changes significantly, initiating deformation; and (3) the total rainfall amount is the most direct factor affecting the pore pressure response and landslide deformation. Compared to long-term stable rainfall, short-term fluctuating rainstorms are more likely to trigger landslides. These findings enhance our understanding of landslide mechanisms under fluctuating rainfall, providing valuable insights for disaster prevention and mitigation.
Heterogeneity of Biochemical Parameters of Non-Native Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Spawners at the Beginning of Up-River Movements
Authors: Ganzha Ekaterina V. , Pavlov Dmitry S. , Pavlov Efim D.
Published: July 2024

In the last decades, non-native pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha successfully spread and occupied the rivers of the White Sea basin. We studied twenty-two blood parameters characterizing lipid metabolism, osmoregulation, energy exchange, and steroidogenesis at the crucial time point of pink salmon spawning migration: the passage of the critical salinity barrier in the estuary, preceding the migration upstream of the Umba River. The heterogeneity of biochemical parameters of non-native pink salmon predominantly was demonstrated in sexual dimorphism. We attributed this result to two main processes: maturation features and different timings of fish running from seawater to freshwater. Maturation features were characterized by differences between females and males in concentrations of estradiol-17β, triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase. Both sexes had increased levels of cortisol due to changes in fish osmoregulation. Females had higher levels of cortisol, total protein, and calcium in comparison with males, which indicated that pink salmon females run to the river later than males.
Plasmapheresis in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis with Active Kidney Involvement in the United States (2016–2020): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tao Jianling , Yasui Osamu Winget , Kamdar Neil S. , Zheng Sijie , Popat Rita A. , Rehkopf David H. , Chertow Glenn M.
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Plasmapheresis is recommended for treating ANCA-associated vasculitis with severe renal and/or lung involvement.

We established the cohort being admitted for ANCA-associated vasculitis with active kidney involvement from the 2016–2020 National Inpatient Sample.

We described characteristics, inpatient procedures, lengths of stay, hospital costs, and disposition for patients treated with plasmapheresis.

Background

Plasmapheresis is currently recommended when ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) presents with severe kidney and/or lung involvement. This cross-sectional study aimed at describing characteristics of hospitalized patients diagnosed with AAV with severe kidney involvement undergoing plasmapheresis in the United States.

Methods

We defined the study population as adults hospitalized for active kidney involvement with a new diagnosis of AAV (by subtype or unspecified). We established the cohort from the 2016–2020 National Inpatient Sample by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. In this cross-sectional study, we described demographic and clinical characteristics, associated inpatient procedures, lengths of stay, hospital costs, and disposition at discharge comparing patients treated and not treated with plasmapheresis.

Results

We identified a total of 975 patients with hospitalized AAV with acute kidney involvement in the United States treated by plasmapheresis over the 5-year period. Demographic characteristics of patients who received plasmapheresis were similar to those in patients who did not (n=5670). There were no regional differences in the proportion of patients who received plasmapheresis; however, plasmapheresis was deployed more frequently among patients admitted to urban teaching hospitals relative to rural and non-teaching hospitals. Patients treated with plasmapheresis were more likely to have had AKI (96% versus 90%, P = 0.0007), AKI requiring dialysis (52% versus 16%, P < 0.001), hypoxia (40% versus 16%, P < 0.0001), and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (13% versus 3%, P = 0.0003).

Conclusions

During 2016–2020, plasmapheresis was deployed in approximately 20% of patients being admitted for AAV and acute kidney involvement in the United States. As standards of care and practice evolve, the role of plasmapheresis in the management of AAV with acute kidney involvement will require further study.
User Experience Using the Planes Method on the BUKUERP Application
Authors: Bety Wulan Sari  , Donni Prabowo
Published: July 2024

This study applies the five planes method to comprehensively investigate a particular enterprise resource planning (ERP) application. To improve overall usability and user satisfaction, the organizational requirements component is the specific focus of this study. This research utilizes the five planes method, which consists of five UX design elements: strategy, scope, structure, skeleton, and surface. A review of the methodology, processes, and frameworks of similar research within user experience and user experience analysis is conducted. Each component makes The addressed problems more definite, understandable, and explicit. The System Usability Scale (SUS) is used in this study to examine and assess the procedure for raising user satisfaction. This study explains the significance of a structured approach emphasizing users in the application development, particularly in digitizing an organization's business.
Prosthodontics of Postoperative Defects of the Maxillary Sinus in the Early Period
Authors: Петражицкая Г.В. , Шевела Т.Л. , Можейко С.Г.
Published: July 2024

Цель. Повысить эффективность послеоперационного лечения пациентов с дефектами верхнечелюстной пазухи путем изготовления непосредственного протеза. Материалы и методы. Обследование и протезирование пациентов проводилось на базе государственного учреждения «Университетская стоматологическая клиника» и государственного учреждения «Республиканский научно-практический центр онкологии и медицинской радиологии им. Н.Н. Александрова». В исследовании приняли участие 10 пациентов, которым было проведено протезирование с фиксацией непосредственного протеза на операционном столе после удаления новообразования. Результаты. В результате проведенного непосредственного протезирования у пациента не только осуществляется разграничение полости рта и носа с изоляцией ороназального и оросинусального сообщения, что, в свою очередь, обеспечивает возможность парентерального приема пищи без установки назогастрального зонда, но и восстанавливается высота нижней трети лица, жевательная функция, эстетика лица, что обусловлено наличием в протезе искусственных зубов. Заключение. На сегодняшний день не разработаны общие методы протезирования в послеоперационном периоде, нет единого мнения о сроках протезирования, по-прежнему остается много спорных и неразрешенных вопросов, требующих дальнейшей разработки и изучения относительно строения ортопедической конструкции, замещающей дефект верхнечелюстной пазухи и верхней челюсти в непосредственном, раннем и отдаленном периоде.

Purpose. To increase the effectiveness of postoperative treatment of patients with defects of the maxillary sinus by manufacturing an immediate prosthesis. Materials and methods. A clinical examination of patients was carried out on the basis of the State Institution "The University Dental Clinic" and the State Institution "N.N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre of Belarus". The study involved 10 patients who had prosthetics with fixation of the immediate prosthesis on the operating table after removal of the neoplasm. Results. As a result of immediate prosthetics, patients undergo a separation of the oral and nasal cavities with isolation of oronasal and orosinusal communication, which, in its turn, provides the possibility of parenteral food intake without a nasogastric tube, but also regains the height of the lower third of the face, chewing function, facial aesthetics, which is due to artificial teeth in the prosthesis. Conclusion. To date, no general methods of prosthetics in the postoperative period have been developed, there is no consensus on the timing of prosthetics, and there are still many controversial and unresolved issues about the prosthetic structure replacing the defect of the maxillary sinus and maxilla in the immediate, early and distant period, requiring further development and investigation.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE ON EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION: THE CASE OF HEALTH EMPLOYEES
Authors: Benk Osman , Kenek Gökhan
Published: July 2024

It will be tried to point out the issues of justice and burnout in the health sector, due to the inability of healthcare workers to obtain their material and moral rights in Türkiye, whose workload and work-related problems have become more evident with the pandemic, and the impact of the physical and psychological violence they encounter. In this context, purpose of the research is to examine the effect of organizational justice perception on emotional burnout. The research data required for this purpose was obtained from 141 health officers working in a research hospital in Ankara by face-to-face survey method in November-December 2022. Turkish adaptation made by Yıldırım (2007) of the organizational justice perception scale, which consists of 3 dimensions: distributive, interactional and procedural justice and contains 20 items, developed by Niehoff and Moorman (1993), which has been widely used in the literature in order to evaluate employees’ perception of organizational justice, was used. In order to evaluate employees’ perceptions of emotional exhaustion, 9 items from the scale published in the literature as the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which consists of 3 dimensions and 22 items developed by Maslach and Jackson (1981), were used and the Turkish adaptation of the emotional exhaustion dimension was made by Ergin (1992). The scales used to collect data were primarily subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the MPlus 7 package program. After the CFA along with the goodness of the scales’ fit values, effect of organizational justice on emotional burnout was tested with SEM (structural equation model) analysis. The result revealed that the perception of organizational justice affects emotional burnout in a significant and negative way. Research results reveal the benefit of investigating relation between organizational justice and burnout in the healthcare sector. In this context, the research is important in terms of understanding the employees in the sector and the subjective well-being of the sector.
Kesalahan Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri 2 Bacem dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Materi Luas dan Keliling Segitiga
Authors: - Adilya Wahyu Ningtyas , Subakti Ervina Eka , Cahyadi Fajar
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada kejadian dilapangan yaitu rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika, yang disebabkan oleh kesulitan belajar dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika materi luas dan keliling segitiga. Sehingga hasil tes kemampuan siswa dalam mengerjakan soal pemecahan masalah matematika rendah. Hal ini disebabkan karena banyak siswa yang belum memahami inti kalimat dari soal cerita matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kesalahan yang dialami siswa kelas IV SDN 2 Bacem. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek dari penelitian ini siswa kelas IV SDN 2 Bacem yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui analisis tes kemampuan siswa, hasil analisis yang diperoleh adalah siswa mengalami kesulitan dan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah matematika materi keliling dan luas segitiga yaitu 1) 44% siswa belum mampu memahami dan  merumuskan masalah dalam soal; 2) 46% siswa masih melakukan kesalahan dalam membuat rencana pemecahan masalah untuk menentukan strategi dalam memecahkan masalah matematika; 3) 52% siswa masih melakukan kesalahan dalam pelaksanaan strategi pemecahan masalah matematika. 4) 70% siswa melakukan kesalahan dalam melihat kembali hasil pekerjaannya dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah matematika.
Analisis Kemampuan TPACK Terintegrasi STEM Calon Guru SD Pembelajaran IPA dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai Edusciencetechnopreneur
Authors: Winda Purnama Sari  , Mega Iful Rahmawati
Published: July 2024

The aim of the research is to explore the ability of prospective educators to master technology through STEM integrated TPACK skills in the natural science field to increase the value of integrated edusciencetechnopreneur. This step is to prepare prospective teachers to face the development of science and technology in the world of education during the transition period of the industrial revolution from 4.0 to 5.0. This research is a survey research with a quantitative approach, with the research subjects being students of the even semester PGSD Study Program for the academic year 2021/2022. The sampling technique used was cluster sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire with a likert scale and portfolio of students or prospective teachers, student journals, and several other documents related to research. The data analysis technique used SEM through AMOS and descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis show that prospective elementary school teachers have implemented STEM-integrated TPACK in science learning 56%â€“75% have been carried out. The results of comparison of GOF with GOFI through SEM are categorized as fit and marginal, but the regression weight does not show a significant effect between the STEM-integrated TPACK variable on the value of integrated edusciencetechnopreneur.