bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Immunosensors—Principles and Applications to Clinical Chemistry
Authors: Luppa Peter B. , Sokoll Lori J. , Chan Daniel W.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymers with Complex Architecture by Living Anionic Polymerization
Authors: Hadjichristidis Nikos , Pitsikalis Marinos , Pispas Stergios , Iatrou Hermis
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Impact of Polymorphism on Drug Development: A Regulator′s Viewpoint
Authors: DeCamp Wilson H.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Organic Syntheses Using Chiral Transition Metal Complexes: The Search for Highly Disymmetric Templates
Authors: Schenk W. A. , Burzlaff N. , Hagel M.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Revised Look at the π‐Electron Delocalization in Benzene
Authors: Sastry G. Narahari
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Persistent Radical Effect: A Principle for Selective Radical Reactions and Living Radical Polymerizations
Authors: Fischer Hanns
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Atomic and Molecular Electron Affinities: Photoelectron Experiments and Theoretical Computations
Authors: Rienstra‐Kiracofe Jonathan C. , Tschumper Gregory s. , Schaefer III Henry F.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Helical Polymers: Conformation and Function
Authors: Nakano Tamaki , Okamoto Yoshio
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Architectures from Macromolecular Building Blocks
Authors: Cornelissen Jeroen J. L. M. , Rowan Alan E. , Nolte Roeland J. M. , Sommerdijk Nico A. J. M.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation‐Wittig Reactions.
Authors: Kim Guncheol , Lee Don Gyu , Chang Sukbok
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic and Antibacterial Studies of Rhodanine Derivatives with Indole‐2,3‐diones.
Authors: Pardasani R. T. , Pardasani P. , Sherry D. , Chaturvedi V.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Meerwein—Ponndorf—Verley (MPV) and Oppenauer (OPP) Reactions: Remarkable Acceleration of the Hydride Transfer by Powerful Bidentate Aluminum Alkoxides
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Miura Tomoya , Itagaki Yoshifumi , Ichikawa Hayato , Maruoka Keiji
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sonochemical Preparation of GaSb Nanoparticles.
Authors: Li Hong‐Liang , Zhu Ying‐Chun , Palchik Oleg , Koltypin Yuri , Gedanken Aharon , Palchik Valery , Slifkin Michael , Weiss Aryeh
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photolysis of Fischer Carbene Complexes
Authors: Kiehl Oliver , Schmalz Hans‐Gunther
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Stable Carbenes
Authors: Herrmann Wolfgang A. , Weskamp Thomas , Boehm Volker P. W.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Chemistry of 1,3‐Diynes, Poly‐ynes, and Related Compounds
Authors: Low Paul J. , Bruce Michael I.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organoelement Chemistry of Main‐Group Porphyrin Complexes
Authors: Brothers Penelope J.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Unsaturated Carbanions, Heterocumulenes and Thiocarbonyl Compounds — New Routes to Heterocycles
Authors: Brandsma Lambert
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Double‐ and Multicalixarenes
Authors: Saadioui Mohamed , Bohmer Volker
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Modifications of Calix[6]arenes
Authors: Luning Ulrich , Loffler Frank , Eggert Jan
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds in Basic Solutions. Part 36. The Base‐Catalyzed Reactions of 1,2‐Dicarbonyl Compounds
Authors: Bowden Keith , Fabian Walter M. F.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydroformylation Reactions
Authors: Wills Martin
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Bismuth(III) Chloride and Triflate: Novel Catalysts for Acylation and Sulfonylation Reactions. Survey and Mechanistic Aspects
Authors: Le Roux Christophe , Dubac Jacques
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Modification of Hydrogen Terminated Silicon Surfaces
Authors: Wayner Danial D. M. , Wolkow Robert A.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cytokines and Chemokines: Mediators for Intercellular Communication in the Brain
Authors: Minami Masabumi
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cellular and Molecular Pharmacological Studies on Membrane Receptor‐Signaling and Stress‐Responses in the Brain
Authors: Nomura Yasuyuki
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Structure—Reactivity Studies of Solvent Extractants in Metal Extraction
Authors: Yuan C. Y. , Li S. S. , Yuan S. G. , Ma H. L.
Published: May 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Poröse Materialien im Überblick
Authors: Schüth F.
Published: May 2010

Poröse Materialien können nach verschiedenen Kriterien klassifiziert werden. Zweckmäßig ist eine Einteilung nach Porengrößen sowie in geordnete und ungeordnete Materialien. Innerhalb dieser Klassen werden typische Beispiele vorgestellt und in ihren wesentlichen Eigenschaften skizziert.
Longitudinal functional principal component modelling via Stochastic Approximation Monte Carlo
Authors: Martinez Josue G. , Liang Faming , Zhou Lan , Carroll Raymond J.
Published: May 2010

The authors consider the analysis of hierarchical longitudinal functional data based upon a functional principal components approach. In contrast to standard frequentist approaches to selecting the number of principal components, the authors do model averaging using a Bayesian formulation. A relatively straightforward reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo formulation has poor mixing properties and in simulated data often becomes trapped at the wrong number of principal components. In order to overcome this, the authors show how to apply Stochastic Approximation Monte Carlo (SAMC) to this problem, a method that has the potential to explore the entire space and does not become trapped in local extrema. The combination of reversible jump methods and SAMC in hierarchical longitudinal functional data is simplified by a polar coordinate representation of the principal components. The approach is easy to implement and does well in simulated data in determining the distribution of the number of principal components, and in terms of its frequentist estimation properties. Empirical applications are also presented. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38: 256–270; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada
Cancer of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction
Authors: Rice Thomas W. , Rusch Valerie W. , Ishwaran Hemant , Blackstone Eugene H. ,   for the Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND:

Previous American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer (AJCC/UICC) stage groupings for esophageal cancer have not been data driven or harmonized with stomach cancer. At the request of the AJCC, worldwide data from 3 continents were assembled to develop data‐driven, harmonized esophageal staging for the seventh edition of the AJCC/UICC cancer staging manuals.

METHODS:

All‐cause mortality among 4627 patients with esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer who underwent surgery alone (no preoperative or postoperative adjuvant therapy) was analyzed by using novel random forest methodology to produce stage groups for which survival was monotonically decreasing, distinctive, and homogeneous.

RESULTS:

For lymph node‐negative pN0M0 cancers, risk‐adjusted 5‐year survival was dominated by pathologic tumor classification (pT) but was modulated by histopathologic cell type, histologic grade, and location. For lymph node‐positive, pN+M0 cancers, the number of cancer‐positive lymph nodes (a new pN classification) dominated survival. Resulting stage groupings departed from a simple, logical arrangement of TNM. Stage groupings for stage I and II adenocarcinoma were based on pT, pN, and histologic grade; and groupings for squamous cell carcinoma were based on pT, pN, histologic grade, and location. Stage III was similar for histopathologic cell types and was based only on pT and pN. Stage 0 and stage IV, by definition, were categorized as tumor in situ (Tis) (high‐grade dysplasia) and pM1, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

The prognosis for patients with esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer depends on the complex interplay of TNM classifications as well as nonanatomic factors, including histopathologic cell type, histologic grade, and cancer location. These features were incorporated into a data‐driven staging of these cancers for the seventh edition of the AJCC/UICC cancer staging manuals. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Special Issue: Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience from the Microsoft eScience Workshop
Authors: Tolle Kristin M. , Hey Anthony J. G.
Published: May 2010

Facilitating time to discovery by scientists through computing is an idea that has been around for a significant amount of time. Often, however, domain scientists and computer scientists work in parallel rather than in collaboration with one another. It has been a goal of this workshop (the fifth of its kind) to showcase the examples of such collaborations or tools that enable these collaborations to flourish. This editorial provides an overview of papers requested from a sampling of applied scientific collaborations that were presented at the 2008 Microsoft eScience Workshop. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An optimal multimedia object allocation solution in multi‐powermode storage systems
Authors: Jin Yingwei , Li Keqiu
Published: May 2010

Given a set of multimedia objectsR={o1,o2, …,ok} each of which has a set of multiple versionsoi.v={Ai.0,Ai.1, …,Ai.m},i=1, 2, …,k, there is a problem of distributing these objects in a server system so that user requests for accessing specified multimedia objects can be fulfilled with the minimum energy consumption and without significant degrading of the system performance. This paper considers the allocation problem of multimedia objects in multi‐powermode storage systems, where the objects are distributed among multi‐powermode storages based on the access pattern to the objects. We design an underlying infrastructure of storage system and propose a dynamic multimedia object allocation policy based on the designed infrastructure, which integrate and prove the optimality of the proposed policy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐dimensional difference fluorescence gel electrophoresis to verify the scale‐up of a non‐affinity‐based downstream process for isolation of a therapeutic recombinant antibody
Authors: Grzeskowiak Julita K. , Tscheliessnig Anne , Wu Ming Wei , Toh Poh Choo , Chusainow Janet , Lee Yih Yean , Wong Niki , Jungbauer Alois
Published: May 2010

For therapeutic antibody production Protein A chromatography is often replaced by non‐affinity‐based purification sequences, which are considered as more economical. 2‐D DIGE was applied for evaluation of scale‐up of non‐affinity based process of a humanized monoclonal antibody, anti‐Rh(D) IgG1, in comparison with other conventional analytical methods, like SDS‐PAGE, Western blot, or SEC. Due to a high sensitivity of this technique (125 pg protein/spot) and high dynamic range of five orders of magnitude, low molecular weight impurities were detected in purified samples. Cation exchange chromatography was efficient capture step for IgG1 purification in laboratory and pilot scale. The differences between samples after first purification step in laboratory and pilot scale were compensated with second purification step where almost the same protein pattern was observed. 2‐D DIGE is a helpful tool for monitoring of purification effects and for scale‐up verification of downstream processes.
Successive multiple ionic polymer layer coated capillaries in the separation of proteins – Recombinant allergen variants as a case study
Authors: Weinbauer Martin , Stutz Hanno
Published: May 2010

A successive multiple ionic polymer layer (SMIL) coating consisting of two pairs of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and dextran sulfate (DS) layers was applied for the separation of recombinant products of the major birch pollen allergen Betula verrucosa (Bet v 1a). The combination with volatile ammonium bicarbonate buffer at pH 6.70 offers the possibility for future MS hyphenation. The negative net charge of allergens required DS as terminal SMIL layer. The EOF was accelerated from 3.17×10−8 m2 V−1 s−1 in uncoated to 4.52×10−8 m2 V−1 s−1 in SMIL capillaries. Fresh prepared SMIL capillaries showed slight EOF acceleration due to gradual re‐organization of SMIL structure until stabilization was achieved. Dry storage of SMIL capillaries prevented fluctuations in EOF and migration times and improved coating durability. However, the gradual reconstitution of entangled SMIL layers affected efficiency, but was cured by a 10 mmol/L NaOH rinsing step. Durability of SMIL capillaries in MS‐applicable dimension was confirmed for > 70 runs and in total 42 h of voltage application with average intra‐day precision of 0.22 and 0.79% and inter‐day‐precision of 0.91 and 1.17% for migration times of EOF and Bet v 1a, respectively. Final SMIL coating allowed for the separation of Bet v 1a, a hypoallergenic isoform and carbamylated variants with 150 000–685 000 plates.
Characterizing acceleration spikes due to stiffness changes in nonlinear systems
Authors: Wiebe Lydell , Christopoulos Constantin
Published: May 2010

Recent studies have reported very large accelerations after stiffness changes in nonlinear systems, particularly self‐centering systems. Some have attributed these accelerations to numerical modelling choices and have assumed that they could be eliminated if the modelling were refined. Others have concluded that self‐centering systems generally have much larger peak accelerations than more traditional systems. This paper demonstrates that accelerations at changes in stiffness are caused by physical phenomena but may be amplified by modelling decisions. This is done by examining the response of a two‐degree‐of‐freedom system after a change in stiffness and by developing a closed‐form mathematical model to characterize this response. The equation shows that acceleration spikes should be expected near small masses and near nonlinear springs that are initially nearly rigid, particularly when those springs change from low stiffness to high stiffness while moving at a high velocity. These acceleration spikes depend on system properties that are often not known precisely, so without physical testing, analytical estimates of the accelerations that occur in nonlinear systems after stiffness changes should be treated with skepticism. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C-Jun Nh2-Terminal Kinase 1 in Hepatocytes: An Essential Mediator of Insulin Resistance
Authors: Cubero Francisco Javier , Drvarov Oliver , Trautwein Christian
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Nonalcoholic steatosis (fatty liver) is a major cause of liver dysfunction that is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. The cJun NH2-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) signaling pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and drugs that target JNK1 may be useful for treatment of this disease. Indeed, mice with defects in JNK1 expression in adipose tissue are protected against hepatic steatosis. Here we report that mice with specific ablation of

Jnk1

in hepatocytes exhibit glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. JNK1 therefore serves opposing actions in liver and adipose tissue to both promote and prevent hepatic steatosis. This finding has potential implications for the design of JNK1-selective drugs for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
ON‐FARM EVALUATION OF FERTILIZER BRIQUETTES AND LOW‐COST DRIP IRRIGATION FOR SMALLHOLDER VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN CAMBODIA
Authors: Bhattarai S. P. , Palada M. C. , Midmore D. J. , Wu D. , Salas R.
Published: May 2010

The performance of low cost drip irrigation (LCDI) compared to hand watering (HW), as well as NPK fertilizer briquette deep placement (FBDP) compared to conventional compound fertilizer (CCF), for vegetable production was evaluated. Yield and water use efficiency (WUE) increased significantly with LCDI compared to HW on cucumber (13 and 41%), sponge gourd (85 and 129%), eggplant (38 and 113%), bitter gourd (121 and 35%) and long bean (5 and 27%) respectively. Yield and WUE of cucumber (22 and 25%) and long bean (9% and 12%) increased with FBDP compared to CCF. Net income due to FBDP was greater by 24 and 14% for cucumber and long bean, respectively, compared to CCF. The number of man‐days employed for irrigation increased six times in HW compared to LCDI. Net return with LCDI was greater by 52% compared to HW and varied from 4 to 121% between the crops. Combined over two trials, yield and WUE increased by 37% (5.589 vs 4.065 Mg ha−1) and 123% (4.28 vs 1.916 Mg ML−1) respectively, with less applied water in LCDI compared to HW (1.687 vs 2.78 ML ha−1). LCDI and FBDP can significantly improve yield, WUE and profitability of the small‐scale vegetable growers in Cambodia. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Late stimulation of the sphenopalatine‐ganglion in ischemic rats: Improvement in N‐acetyl‐aspartate levels and diffusion weighted imaging characteristics as seen by MR
Authors: Bar‐Shir Amnon , Shemesh Noam , Nossin‐Manor Revital , Cohen Yoram
Published: May 2010

Purpose:

To assess, by MR spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), the ability of electrical stimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) to augment stroke recovery in transient middle cerebral artery occluded (t‐MCAO) rats, when treatment is started 18 ± 2 h post‐occlusion.

Materials and Methods:

1H‐MRS imaging (1H‐MRSI) and DWI were used to evaluate ischemic brain tissue after SPG stimulation in rats subjected to 2 h of t‐MCAO. Rats were examined by 1H‐MRSI, DWI, and behavioral tests at 16 ± 2 h, 8 days, and 28 days post‐MCAO.

Results:

N‐Acetyl‐aspartate (NAA) levels of the stimulated and control rats were the same 16 ± 2 h post‐MCAO (0.52 ± 0.03, 0.54 ± 0.03). At 28 days post‐occlusion, NAA levels were significantly higher in the treated group (0.60 ± 0.04) compared with those of the untreated animals (0.50 ± 0.04; P < 0.05). This effect was more pronounced for regions with low NAA values (0.16 ± 0.03) that changed to 0.32 ± 0.03 (P = 0.04) for the treated group and to 0.10 ± 0.03 (P = 0.20) for the controls. DWI data showed better ischemic tissue condition for the treated rats, but the measured parameters showed only a trend of improvement. The MR results were corroborated by behavioral examinations.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that SPG stimulation may ameliorate MR tissue characteristics following t‐MCAO even if treatment is started 18 h post‐occlusion. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1355–1363. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prostate cancer vs. post‐biopsy hemorrhage: Diagnosis with T2‐ and diffusion‐weighted imaging
Authors: Rosenkrantz Andrew B. , Kopec Martin , Kong Xiangtian , Melamed Jonathan , Dakwar George , Babb James S. , Taouli Bachir
Published: May 2010

Purpose:

To assess the value of quantitative T2 signal intensity (SI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to differentiate prostate cancer from post‐biopsy hemorrhage, using prostatectomy as the reference.

Materials and Methods:

Forty‐five men with prostate cancer underwent prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including axial T1‐weighted imaging (T1WI), T2WI, and single‐shot echo‐planar image (SS EPI) diffusion‐weighted imaging. Two observers measured, in consensus, normalized T2 signal intensity (SI) (nT2, relative to muscle T2 SI), ADC, and normalized ADC (nADC, relative to urine ADC) on peripheral zone (PZ) tumors, benign PZ hemorrhage, and non‐hemorrhagic benign PZ. Tumor maps from prostatectomy were used as the reference. Mixed model analysis of variance was performed to compare parameters among the three tissue classes, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to assess correlation between parameters and tumor size and Gleason score. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC)‐curve analysis was used to determine the performance of nT2, ADC, and nADC for diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Results:

nT2, ADC, and nADC were significantly lower in tumor compared with hemorrhagic and non‐hemorrhagic benign PZ (P < 0.0001). There was a weak but significant correlation between ADC and Gleason score (r = −0.30, P = 0.0119), and between ADC and tumor size (r = −0.40, P = 0.0027), whereas there was no correlation between nT2 and Gleason score and tumor size. The areas under the curve to distinguish tumor from benign hemorrhagic and non‐hemorrhagic PZ were 0.97, 0.96, and 0.933 for nT2, ADC, and nADC, respectively.

Conclusion:

Quantitative T2 SI and ADC/nADC values may be used to reliably distinguish prostate cancer from post‐biopsy hemorrhage. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1387–1394. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Embryonal sarcoma of the liver in an adult mimicking complicated hepatic cyst: MRI findings
Authors: Tsukada Akira , Ishizaki Yoichi , Nobukawa Bunsei , Kawasaki Seiji
Published: May 2010

Radiologically, embryonal sarcoma reveals a characteristic spectrum of both solid and cystic features. However, MRI is sometimes unable to reveal the solid components. Here, we describe a case in which intracystic hemorrhage revealed a solid mural nodule obscured with the cystic lesion. Knowledge of this feature is helpful when making a prospective diagnosis of this important, albeit rare, hepatic malignancy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1477–1480. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human antibody responses to bovine (Newbury‐2) norovirus (GIII.2) and association to histo‐blood group antigens
Authors: Vildevall Malin , Grahn Ammi , Oliver Stefan. L. , Bridger Janice C. , Charpilienne Annie , Poncet Didier , Larson Göran , Svensson Lennart
Published: May 2010

Serum antibodies to bovine norovirus have been found recently in about 22% of humans. Whether this prevalence reflects limited virulence properties of the virus or that inherited host factors provide protection against bovine norovirus infection in humans remains to be established. To investigate whether histo‐blood group antigens correlate with the presence of bovine norovirus (GIII.2) antibody, plasma (n = 105) from Swedish blood donors, genotyped and phenotyped for secretor, Lewis and ABO, were tested and compared for the frequency of IgG antibody and antibody titer to Bo/Newbury2/76/UK. In total, 26.7% (28/105) of Swedish blood donors were antibody‐positive. Two non‐secretors (2/21, 9.5%) were antibody‐positive compared with 26/84 (31%) secretors (P = 0.047). While no statistically significant correlation was found between the frequency of antibodies to bovine norovirus and different ABO blood groups, individuals with blood type B presented the highest frequency of antibodies (37.5%) compared with 0–30% among other blood groups. Individuals with Le(a−b+) had not only higher frequency of antibodies (31.3%) compared with Le(a+b−) (11%) (P = 0.068) but also higher antibody titer (P = 0.085) although this was not significant statistically. No detectable cross‐reaction between bovine GIII.2 and human GII.3 NoV VLP was found with human and animal sera. The results of this study suggest that bovine norovirus infections occur in Sweden and that secretor status but not ABO blood groups is a possible risk factor for infection. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1241–1246, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prediction of the response to peg‐interferon‐alfa in patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B using decline of HBV DNA during treatment
Authors: Hansen Bettina E. , Buster Erik H.C.J. , Steyerberg Ewout W. , Lesaffre Emmanuel , Janssen Harry L.A.
Published: May 2010

Peginterferon (PEG‐IFN) results in HBeAg loss combined with virologic response in only a minority of patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. Baseline predictors of response to PEG‐IFN include HBV‐genotype, pre‐treatment HBV DNA levels, and ALT. The aims of this study were to develop a model, which improves the baseline prediction of response to PEG‐IFN for individual patients by including early HBV DNA measurements during treatment and to establish an early indication for cessation of treatment. One hundred thirty‐six patients treated with PEG‐IFN were included in the study. Response was defined as loss of HBeAg and HBV DNA <10,000 copies/ml at 26 weeks post‐treatment. Logistic regression analysis techniques were used to develop a dynamic prediction model with HBV DNA during the first 32 weeks of therapy. An early clinically useful rule for dis(continuation) of treatment was identified with a grid of cut‐off values of HBV DNA decline during treatment. Adding HBV DNA decline to baseline prediction increased c‐statistics from 0.846 to 0.857, 0.855 to 0.866 at weeks 4, 12, and 24. A HBV DNA decline of at least 2 log10 within 24 weeks was strongly associated with response when added to the baseline prediction model: OR 5.7 (95% CI: 1.70–20.0; P = 0.004). A dynamic model including HBV DNA decline during treatment provides more accurate predictions of response to PEG‐IFN. The model strongly supports individual decision making on treatment (dis)continuation in patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B. It is recommended that PEG‐IFN treatment is stopped by 24 weeks if HBV DNA declined <2 log10. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1135–1142, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of sapoviruses and noroviruses in an outbreak of gastroenteritis linked genetically to shellfish
Authors: Iizuka Setsuko , Oka Tomoichiro , Tabara Kenji , Omura Tamaki , Katayama Kazuhiko , Takeda Naokazu , Noda Mamoru
Published: May 2010

Norovirus (NoV) and sapovirus (SaV) are important pathogens of human gastroenteritis. Compared to NoV, the transmission route of SaV is unclear. An outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred at a restaurant in June 2008, and SaV and NoV were detected in fecal specimens from 17 people who ate at the restaurant and one asymptomatic food handler and also in stripped shellfish and liquids remaining in the shellfish packages by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and/or real‐time RT‐PCR. Nucleotide sequencing analysis of the RT‐PCR products corresponding to the partial capsid region revealed 99.3–100% identities for SaV and 98.6–99.3% identities for NoV among the digestive diverticulum of the frozen stripped shellfish (Ruditapes philippinarum), “Asari,” the package liquid, and feces from symptomatic or asymptomatic guests. These results suggested a link between the consumption of contaminated shellfish and clinical features in the patients. While the transmission of NoV by shellfish has been reported, this report shows that SaV can also be transmitted by shellfish. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1247–1254, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinetics of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65 and IE‐1‐specific IFNγ CD8+ and CD4+ T cells during episodes of viral DNAemia in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: Potential implications for the management of active CMV infection
Authors: Tormo Nuria , Solano Carlos , Benet Isabel , Nieto José , de la Cámara Rafael , Garcia‐Noblejas Ana , Clari María Ángeles , Chilet Marifina , López Javier , Hernández‐Boluda Juan Carlos , Remigia María José , Navarro David
Published: May 2010

The dynamics of CMV pp65 and IE‐1‐specific IFNγ‐producing CD8+ (IFNγ CD8+) and CD4+ (IFNγ CD4+) T cells and CMV DNAemia were assessed in 19 pre‐emptively treated episodes of active CMV infection. Peripheral counts of IFNγ CD8+ and IFNγ CD4+ T cells inversely correlated with CMV DNAemia levels (P = <0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). A threshold value of 1.3 cells/µl predicting CMV DNAemia clearance was established for IFNγ CD8+ T cells (PPV, 100%; NPV, 93%) and for IFNγ CD4+ T cells (PPV, 100%; NPV, 75%). Undetectable T‐cell responses were usually observed at the time of initiation of pre‐emptive therapy. Either a rapid (within 7 days) or a delayed (median 31 days) expansion of both T‐cell populations concomitant with CMV DNAemia clearance was observed in 5 and 8 episodes, respectively. An inconsistent or a lack of expansion of both T‐cell subsets was related to a persistent CMV DNAemia. Robust and maintained CMV‐specific T‐cell responses after CMV DNAemia clearance and cessation of antiviral therapy were associated with a null incidence of relapsing infections at least during the following month. Data obtained in the present study may be helpful in the design of therapeutic strategies for the management of active CMV infections in the allo‐SCT recipient. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1208–1215, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer
Authors: Shi Yingqiang , Zhou Ye
Published: May 2010

During the past decades, despite considerable improvements in the management of gastric cancer, surgery reamains the main curative treatment. However, there is still debate about the extent of gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy, multivisceral resection, the requirement for reoperation for specimens with positive margins, the selection of neoadjuvant treatment and the management strategy of early gastric cancer. This review is to evaluate the above issues based on the reported prospective and retrospective studies. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:687‐692. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent advances in the management of primary hepatic tumors refinement of surgical techniques and effect on outcome
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Gibbs John F.
Published: May 2010

Advances in diagnostic, anesthetic, and surgical techniques have led to significant reductions in perioperative morbidity and mortality. The preoperative factors that have been of particular importance are a careful evaluation of hepatic function and of the predicted future liver remnant (FLR) volume prior to a decision on the feasibility of resection. Better patient selection, increased understanding of the liver anatomy leading to anatomical resections has together led to marked improvement in outcomes. In this article, we discuss the pre‐ and intraoperative factors, which have evolved in the last decade influencing the trend towards increased safety. We also share our technique of liver resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010; 101:745‐754. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Part 2 – Coherent Light: “From Chips to Ships”
Authors: Poprawe Reinhart , Loosen Peter , Schulz Wolfgang , Brajdic Mihael , Gillner Arnold , Beckemper Stefan , Schleifenbaum Henrich , Bergmann Klaus , Gottmann Jens , Willenborg Edgar , Wortmann Dirk , Gasser Andres , Petring Dirk , Backes Gerhard , Noll Reinhard , Sturm Volker , Wehner Martin , Hinke Christian
Published: May 2010

This article is the second part of a two‐part series about the history as well as the future of laser technology. In the first part (published in Laser Technik Journal issue 2/2010), the history processes and their perspectives have been discussed as well as the effects on markets and megatrends, thus their societal impact have been displayed. In the following we will focus on the environmental “green” aspects of coherent light.
Vom Laser fasziniert
Authors: Treffert Claudia
Published: May 2010

Seit fast 20 Jahren produziert der mittelständische Dienstleister Weihbrecht Lasertechnik Prototypen, Einzelteile, Vor­ und Kleinserien im Auftrag von Unternehmen zahlreicher Branchen. Die Auftraggeber: meist Entwickler und Konstrukteure. Das wichtigste Werkzeug von Anfang an: der Laser.
Ruck Zuck zum Bauteil
Authors: Bartels Florian
Published: May 2010

Moderne Strahlquellen haben die Grenzen der materialstärken‐ und leistungsabhängigen Schneidgeschwindigkeit deutlich angehoben. Speziell der Einsatz neuester Festkörperlaser (Scheibenlaser, Faserlaser) ermöglicht es, im Dünnblechbereich deutlich höhere Schneidgeschwindigkeiten bei gleicher Laserleistung im Vergleich zu Co2‐Strahlquellen zu erreichen. Die hauptsächlichen Gründe hierfür sind in der besseren Strahlqualität und in der höheren Absorption dieser Wellenlänge an der Schneidfront von Metallen zu suchen. Dieser Zugewinn kann entweder zur Laserleistungsreduzierung oder zur Produktivitätssteigerung der Maschine eingesetzt werden. Eine Produktivitätssteigerung ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn auch die Dynamikgrenzen der Führungsmaschinen angehoben werden. Die Herausforderung für Flachbettmaschinen ergibt sich aus der Forderung nach einem großen Arbeitsfeld bei gleichzeitig höchster Dynamik und Führungsgenauigkeit.
Neue Markierungstechnik für Flachglas
Authors: Losch Patrick
Published: May 2010

Ob Tintenstrahldrucker, Papieretiketten oder das Siebdruckmarkierverfahren durch die neuartige LTF‐C Markiertechnik ersetzt werden kann kommt auf die individuelle Applikation an. In diesem Bericht werden die Möglichkeiten dieser neuen Technologie beleuchtet und die Unterschiede bzw. Vorzüge aufgezeigt.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Drug development and regulatory considerations
Authors: McNeil D. Elizabeth , Davis Carole , Jillapalli Devanand , Targum Shari , Durmowicz Anthony , Coté Timothy R.
Published: May 2010

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most commonly recognized dystrophinopathies. There are no approved therapeutic options available for this disease but recent discoveries have led to hope that effective therapies might be forthcoming. With funding from patient advocacy groups, private investors, and governmental bodies such as the Food and Drug Administration Office of Orphan Product Development (FDA/OOPD), gene modification and other molecular therapies are being actively investigated. However, since DMD patients are few in number and disease manifestations vary considerably in early and late stages of disease, obtaining the data needed for full evaluation of putative therapies may prove challenging. Should ambulation remain the focus of Phase 2/3 studies or should consideration be given to the primary causes of late‐stage morbidity and mortality, e.g., cardiac and respiratory dysfunction related to reduced or absent dystrophin production? It seems reasonable to argue that clinical trials planned for DMD should consider the entire population. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Inefficient dystrophin expression after cord blood transplantation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Kang Peter B. , Lidov Hart G.W. , White Alexander J. , Mitchell Matthew , Balasubramanian Anuradha , Estrella Elicia , Bennett Richard R. , Darras Basil T. , Shapiro Frederic D. , Bambach Barbara J. , Kurtzberg Joanne , Gussoni Emanuela , Kunkel Louis M.
Published: May 2010

We report a boy who received two allogeneic stem cell transplantations from umbilical cord donors to treat chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The CGD was cured after the second transplantation, but 2.5 years later he was diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Examinations of his DNA, muscle tissue, and myoblast cultures derived from muscle tissue were performed to determine whether any donor dystrophin was being expressed. The boy was found to have a large‐scale deletion on the X chromosome that spanned the loci for CYBB and DMD. The absence of dystrophin led to muscle histology characteristic of DMD. Analysis of myofibers demonstrated no definite donor cell engraftment. This case suggests that umbilical cord–derived hematopoietic stem cell transplantation will not be efficacious in the therapy of DMD without additional interventions that induce engraftment of donor cells in skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Seasonal variations on energy yield of a‐Si, hybrid, and crystalline Si PV modules
Authors: Nikolaeva‐Dimitrova Miglena , Kenny Robert P. , Dunlop Ewan D. , Pravettoni Mauro
Published: May 2010

This paper presents a study of long‐term outdoor performance of a‐Si and hybrid modules mounted in the same location over several years. The modules were also characterized indoors using standard measurement methods employing pulsed solar simulators at the European Solar Test Installation (ESTI). The present study is intended to contribute to future standards on energy rating by presenting a common procedure for correcting the outdoor performance measurements to standard test conditions and comparing the resulting module performance at real and laboratory conditions. A seasonal variation in output, higher in the summer and lower in the winter, suggests that the module performance improves due to annealing when the module temperature is higher. The total output energy per month for these two technologies and a reference c‐Si technology is also presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photosensitized alkoxyamines as bicomponent radical photoinitiators
Authors: Versace Davy‐Louis , Lalevée Jacques , Fouassier Jean‐Pierre , Gigmes Didier , Guillaneuf Yohann , Bertin Denis
Published: May 2010

The photopolymerization ability of photosensitized alkoxyamines has been investigated. These compounds behave as interesting two‐component photoinitiators. Laser flash photolysis, electron spin resonance, and density functional theory allow to support the interactions encountered between the photosensitizer (benzophenone and isopropylthioxanthone) and the alkoxyamines (CO bond breaking and hydrogen transfer) and the side reactions of the nitroxide radical with photosensitizer (electron transfer). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2910–2915, 2010
Clinical factors are not the best predictors of quality of sexual life and sexual functioning in women with early stage breast cancer
Authors: Den Oudsten Brenda L. , Van Heck Guus L. , Van der Steeg Alida F. W. , Roukema Jan A. , De Vries Jolanda
Published: May 2010

Background: Few studies have prospectively assessed the impact of breast cancer (BC) on women's sexual lives. Therefore, this study examines the determinants of quality of sexual life (QOSL), sexual functioning (SF), and sexual enjoyment (SE) at 6 and 12 months after surgical treatment.

Methods: All participants completed a measure of QOSL (The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment instrument‐100 (WHOQOL‐100)‐facet Sexual Activity) before diagnosis (Time‐1), and 1 (Time‐2), 3 (Time‐3), 6 (Time‐4) and 12 months (Time‐5) after surgical treatment. At Time‐1, women also completed questionnaires on personality (The State Trait Anxiety Inventory‐trait, NEO‐FFI), body image and self‐esteem (WHOQOL‐100), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression Scale), and fatigue (Fatigue Assessment Scale). Furthermore, SF and SE (The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Cancer module) were measured from Time‐2 onwards.

Results: At baseline, the analysis included 223 women with early stage BC. Clinical factors did not predict QOSL, SF or SE. In the final analyses, trait anxiety predicted QOSL and SF at Time‐4 (p's<0.01). At Time‐5, agreeableness predicted QOSL and SE (p's<0.05). Having a partner and age predicted SF, while SE was predicted by educational level (Time‐4). In addition, fatigue predicted SE at Time‐4 (p<0.05). In general, QOSL diminished across time, while SF improved. However, women with a mastectomy did not differ from women with breast conserving therapy.

Conclusions: Mainly personality and psychological factors affect patients' sexuality after surgical treatment. Clinical factors did not predict QOSL, SF or SE. More knowledge in this field will help professionals to identify women who are at risk of experiencing sexual problems and consequently will contribute to provide adequate support. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.