bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic and energy characteristics of carbonate soil-forming rocks and soils of the Western Ukrainian Region
Authors: Kyrylchuk Andriy , Kulchytskyi Petro
Published: December 2024

The current stage of development of soil science is characterized by the intensive development of the energy-thermodynamic approach and the solution of theoretical and methodological issues that are directly related to the problem of assessing the energetics of soil formation. The article analyzes the influence of components of the geographical environment as factors of soil formation potential, highlights the features of the formation of various types of energy costs and energy balance during soil formation, and presents the energy and thermodynamic characteristics of carbonate soil-forming rocks and soils of the Western region of Ukraine. Based on energy and thermodynamic indicators (crystal lattice energy, Gibbs free energy and entropy), the ability to intensive soil formation and the suitability for biological development is determined by the characteristics of the studied soil-forming rocks, such as: eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of writing chalk, eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of chalk marls, eluvium of lithothamnian limestones of the Upper Badenian, eluvium of chemogenic limestones of the Upper Badenian, eluvium of clotted limestones of the Upper Badenian. The highest values of crystal lattice energy are characterized by short-profile and full-profile Rendzinas on eluvium of clotted limestones of the Upper Badenian within the Roztochchya-Opilya Upland Region. Significant reserves of internal energy in these soils are due primarily to the highest values of the energy of the crystal lattice of the soil-forming rocks on which they were formed. The lowest values of thermodynamic characteristics are observed in poorly developed and short-profile Rendzinas (Rendzic Leptosols, WRB) within the Voronyaky natural district of the Western Podilsky upland region, formed on the eluvium of Turonian-Senonian deposits of Cretaceous marl. Therefore, significant variability of internal energy in rendzins is due to the influence of various carbonate soil-forming rocks. The proposed results of the study of soil-forming energetics are extremely relevant, as they contribute to a scientifically substantiated solution to one of the most important problems of modern soil science, optimization of the level of soil safety management and reproduction of their potential fertility.
Key words: energy-thermodynamic approach; soil formation potential; carbonate soil-forming rocks and soils; potential fertility.
Stages of formation of the plain part of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka valley
Authors: Yatsyshyn Andrii
Published: December 2024

Based on a thorough morphological and morphometric analysis of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka terraces, the structure of their loose accumulations, and the correlation of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka terraces with the terraces of the Stryvihor and Dniester, the key features of the structure and stages of development of the river valley within the Precarpathian region have been reconstructed. It has been established that the history of the development of the plain section of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka valley comprised five main stages.
At the first stage, which occurred during the Kryzhanivka climatolith (MIS 63‒46), the Starosilska denudation surface was formed. However, its formation is not associated with fluvial morpholithogenetic processes, because the Carpathian rivers of that time, like the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka, did not penetrate the territory of the Precarpathian region. They discharged their waters to the north, into the pre-San, through a system of longitudinal valleys developed in the Carpathians.
The second stage is associated with the exit of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka from the Carpathians to the Precarpathian region and the deployment of fluvial morpholithogenetic processes that formed the X Torganivtsi terrace. This event occurred during the Shyrokino time (MIS 38‒28).
At the third stage, the IX Dubrovytsia terrace was dismembered and an erosional ledge to the VIII Susidivtsi terrace was formed, which led to the formation of the first morphological contours of the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka valley in the Precarpathian region. The depth of the river valley at that time was 10‒15 meters. This process unfolded at the end of the Azovian Glacial (MIS 27‒22) through the beginning of the Martonian Interglacial period (MIS 21‒17).
During the fourth stage, the VI Galician terrace was formed, with alluvial deposits characterized by a well-defined differentiation into “warm” and “cold” horizons. The accumulation of “warm” alluvium occurred in the Lubny climatolith (MIS 15‒13), and “cold” alluvium – in the Tiligulian climatolith (MIS 12). In Tiligulian times, the river valley served as one of the trunk lines for discharging meltwater to the south.
The fifth stage is the most pronounced in the upper part of the river valley, developed above the village of Kotovane. Here, a complex of four floodplain terraces can be traced in the wide, flat bottom of the river valley: I terrace above the flood-plain, II Tustan terrace, III Kolodiivka terrace, and IV Yezupil terrace. The formation of this terrace complex began in the Kaydak period (MIS 7), during which the IV Yezupil terrace was formed, and continues to this day, with the first terrace above the flood-plain still being formed.
Key words: Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka; Precarpathian area; Pleistocene; terraces; alluvium; glacial deposits; climatolithic; formationstages.
Hybrid delineation of landforms: Case of Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka drainage basin
Authors: Kruhlov Ivan , Smaliychuk Anatoliy , Svatko Yurii
Published: December 2024

Landforms, together with geological substrate and geomorphic processes, are essential for delineation of geoecosystems, which are indispensable for environmental management at landscape and regional levels. Geomorphometry is a geographic information system technology, which affords quantitative land-surface analysis and landform delineation using digital elevation models (DEM). Application of geomorphometry has been fostered by the emergence of free global high-resolution DEMs. However, automated geomorphometric extraction of landforms for flat areas, like wide river valleys, may be problematic owing to insufficient accuracy of the DEM.
We selected the Bystrytsia-Pidbuzka drainage basin of 500 km², which has a transitional location between low flysch External Carpathian Mountains and wavy denudation-alluvial plains of the Fore-Carpathian Upland in Lviv Oblast (Ukraine), to test a hybrid methodology of landform delineation – manual and automated geomorphometric. We considered regional landforms as orotectonic units (morphostructures), which are used to characterize ecoregions, and morpholithotopes as the smallest local landforms – mesorelief elements together with surface deposits and current geomorphic processes. FABDEM V1-2 with a resolution of 30*30 m was used as a primary geodataset of elevation data. Ecoregions and morpholithotopes of wide flat valley bottoms were delineated via manual interpretation of the DEM and ancillary data, while the morpholithotopes of the hilly and mountainous interfluves were delineated automatedly using three topographic variables: topographic position index, slope, and flow accumulation.
Within the study area, we singled-out six microecoregions and four mesoecoregions: Upper Dnister Depression, Upper Dnister Upland, Marginal Beskydy, and Dnister Beskydy. There are 21 classes of morpholithotopes distinguished belonging to flat valley bottoms with alluvial and lacustrine deposits, narrow valleys and big gullies, as well as lower concave and upper convex slopes formed by colluvial and eluvial-colluvial deposits respectively, divided into four inclination categories, and two lithological groups. Each morpholithotope class is attributed with a drainage status and probable current geomorphic processes. The obtained dataset is oriented on further ecological application.
Key words: morpholithotope; ecoregion; geomorphometry; FABDEM; the Carpathian Mountains; the Fore-Carpathian Upland.
Composition of entire function and analytic functions in the unit ball with a vanished gradient
Authors: Bandura A. I. , Salo T. M. , Skaskiv O. B.
Published: December 2024

The composition $H(z)=f(\Phi(z))$ is studied,where $f$ is an entire function of a single complex variable and $\Phi$ is an analytic function in the $n$-dimensional unit ball with a vanished gradient.We found conditions by the function $\Phi$ providing boundedness of the $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables for the function $H$, if the function $f$ has bounded $l$-index for some positive continuous function $l$and $\mathbf{L}(z)= l(\Phi(z))(\max\{1,|\Phi_{z_1}'(z)|\},\ldots, \max\{1,|\Phi_{z_n}'(z)|\}),$ $z\in\mathbb{B}^n.$ Such a constructed function $\mathbf{L}$ allows us to consider a function $\Phi$ with a nonempty zero set for its gradient.The obtained results complement earlier published results with $\mathop{grad}\Phi(z)=(\frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_1}, \ldots, \frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_j},\ldots,\frac{\partial \Phi(z)}{\partial z_n})\ne \mathbf{0}.$Also, we study a more general composition $H(\mathbf{w})=G(\mathbf{\Phi}(\mathbf{w}))$, where$G: \mathbb{C}^n\to \mathbb{C}$ is an entire function of the bounded $\mathbf{L}$-index in joint variables, $\mathbf{\Phi}: \mathbb{B}^m\to \mathbb{C}^n$ is a vector-valued analytic function, and$\mathbf{L}: \mathbb{C}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n_+$ is a continuous function. If the $\mathbf{L}$-index of the function $G$ equals zero, then we construct a function $\widetilde{\mathbf{L}}: \mathbb{B}^m\to\mathbb{R}^m_+$ such that the function $H$ has bounded $\widetilde{\mathbf{L}}$-index in the joint variables $w_1,$ $\ldots,$ $w_m$. These results are also new in one-dimensional case, i.e. for functions analytic in the unit disc.
The uniqueness and value distribution of meromorphic functions with different types of differential-difference polynomials sharing a small function IM
Authors: Jayarama H. R. , Chaithra C. N. , Naveenkumar S. H.
Published: December 2024

This paper delves into the uniqueness of finite-order meromorphic functions \(f(z)\) and \(g(z)\) over the extended complex plane, particularly when these functions share a small function \(a(z)\) under specific conditions. The study reveals new insights with significant applications, such as classifying different complexes within \(\mathbb{C}\) based on their uniqueness. The primary goal is to explore the uniqueness of meromorphic functions that share a small function \(a(z)\) in the sense of IM (ignoring multiplicities) while constrained by finite order, alongside certain types of differential-difference polynomials. We focus on two non-constant meromorphic functions \(f(z)\) and \(g(z)\) of finite order, under the assumption that a small function \(a(z)\), relative to \(f(z)\), plays a crucial role in the analysis. The investigation centers on the uniqueness properties of a~specific type of differential-difference polynomial of the form \([f^{n}P[f]H(z,f)]\), where \(P[f]\) is a~differential polynomial of \(f(z)\) and \(H(z, f)\) is a difference polynomial of \(f(z)\), both defined in the equations \(\eqref{*}\) and \(\eqref{**}\), respectively. Importantly, these polynomials do not vanish identically and do not share common zeros or poles with either \(f(z)\) or \(g(z)\). The paper establishes conditions on several parameters, including \(k\), \(n\), \(\overline{d}(P)\), \(\Psi\), \(Q\), \(t\), and \(\xi\), under which the shared value properties between \(f(z)\) and \(g(z)\) lead to two possible outcomes: either \(f(z)\) is a constant multiple of \(g(z)\), or \(f(z)\) and \(g(z)\) satisfy a specific algebraic difference equation. This result contributes to a~deeper understanding of the relationship between shared values and the structural properties of meromorphic functions. As an application, the paper extends several previous results on meromorphic functions, including those by Dyavanal and M. M. Mathai, published in the Ukr. Math. J. (2019). Furthermore, by citing a particular example, we demonstrate that the established results hold true only under specific cases, highlighting the precision of the theorem. Finally, we offer a more compact version of the main theorem as an enhancement, providing a~refined perspective on the uniqueness problem in the context of meromorphic functions.
The norming sets of multilinear forms on a certain normed space $\mathbb{R}^n$
Authors: Kim Sung Guen
Published: December 2024

Let $n, m\in \mathbb{N}, n, m\geq 2$ and $E$ a Banach space. An element $(x_1, \ldots, x_n)\in E^n$ is called a~norming point of $T\in {\mathcal L}(^n E)$ if $\|x_1\|=\cdots=\|x_n\|=1$ and
$|T(x_1, \ldots, x_n)|=\|T\|,$ where ${\mathcal L}(^n E)$ denotes the space of all continuous $n$-linear forms on $E.$
For $T\in {\mathcal L}(^n E),$ we define 
${Norm}(T)$ as the set of all $(x_1, \ldots, x_n)\in E^n$ which are the norming points of~$T.$
 
 
Let $\mathbb{R}^n_{\|\cdot\|}=\mathbb{R}^n$ with a norm satisfying that $\{W_1, \ldots, W_n\}$ forms a basis and
the set of all extreme points of $B_{\mathbb{R}^n_{\|\cdot\|}}$ is $\{\pm W_1, \ldots, \pm W_n\}$.
 
In the paper we characterize ${Norm}(T)$ for every $T\in {\mathcal L}(^m \mathbb{R}^n_{\|\cdot\|})$ as follows:
Let $ T=(T(W_{i_1}, \ldots W_{i_m}))_{\overset{1\leq i_k\leq n,}{1\leq k\leq m}}\in {\mathcal L}(^m \mathbb{R}^n_{\|\cdot\|})$, $\|T\|=1,$\
$S_T=(b_{i_1\cdots i_m})_{\overset{1\leq i_k\leq n,}{1\leq k\leq m}}\in {\mathcal L}(^m \mathbb{R}^n_{\|\cdot\|})$ such that
 
$\displaystyle b_{i_1\cdots i_m}=T\big(W_{i_1}, \ldots W_{i_m}\big)~\mbox{if}~
|T\big(W_{i_1}, \ldots W_{i_m}\big)|=1~ \mbox{and}~ b_{i_1\cdots i_m}=1~\mbox{if}~
|T\big(W_{i_1}, \ldots W_{i_m}\big)|<1,$
 
and $A$ is the Cartesian product of the set $\{1, \ldots, n\}$, $M$ is the set of indices $(i_1, \ldots, i_m)\in A$ such that $|T\big(W_{i_1}, \ldots W_{i_m}\big)|<1.$
Then,
\begin{gather*} {Norm}(T)=\bigcap_{(i_1, \ldots, i_m)\in M}
\bigcup_{j=1}^m \Big\{\Big(
\sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(1)}W_i, \ldots, \sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(j-1)}W_i, 
\sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(j)}W_i-s_{i_j}W_{i_j}, \\ \sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(j+1)}W_i, \ldots, \sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(m)}W_i\Big)\colon   
\Big(\sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(1)}W_i, \ldots, \sum_{1\leq i\leq n}s_i^{(m)}W_i\Big)\in {Norm}(S_T)\Big\}.
\end{gather*}
Erratum to: Hygroscopic Water Content As an Indicator of Soil Dispersity: Thermodynamic Basis and Experimental Verification
Authors: Smagin A. V. , Sadovnikova N. B.
Published: December 2024

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.3103/S014768742404001X
Technology of smelting of carbon structural steels in furnace DSP -30N
Authors:   Andrey Burin Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, 115280, Russian Federation, Gertsyk Svetlana
Published: December 2024

The technology of smelting the carbon structural steels by remelting waste with oxygen purging in an electric arc furnace with a capacity of 30 tons is considered. In order to improve the performance of the furnace, a series of pilot-industrial melts was performed with the introduction of oxygen under the level of the liquid bath mirror, using one window and three wall multituyeres. This technology of the oxidizing period led to a reduction in the duration of smelting, reduction of metal loss and specific oxygen consumption
Sleep and selective memory consolidation in infants: Exploring the impact of learning contexts
Authors: Konrad Carolin
Published: December 2024

Post-encoding sleep facilitates memory consolidation from early infancy. Digital content might benefit, too, although infants find it more difficult to learn and remember screen content (transfer deficit) and may only recognize its relevance when scaffolded by caregivers. We investigated infants’ memory performance as a function of presentation mode (live or video), post-encoding sleep and caregiver scaffolding with the aim of replicating the transfer deficit and the beneficial effect of a post-encoding nap. We expected the nap benefit to be less pronounced when information was encoded from videos. We compared data from a live (n = 68) and a video experiment (n = 69; Hermesch et al., 2024). In both experiments, 15- and 24-month-olds watched demonstrations of two deferred imitation tasks (live or on prerecorded video). During one of the demonstrations caregivers scaffolded the task. Half of the infants in each age-group napped for ≥30 minutes after demonstration, whereas the others remained awake for ≥4hours. Memory performance was assessed after 24 hours counting the reproduced target actions. Contrary to expectations, the nap benefit did not replicate in the live demonstration sample. However, when both samples were examined together there was a main effect of nap condition showing that nappers retrieved more target actions than awake infants. Moreover, cross-experiment comparisons revealed a transfer deficit and an unexpected disruptive effect of caregiver scaffolding on memory performance in 15-month-olds. Results are discussed in light of limits on detecting sleep-mediated memory effects and the challenges of remembering digital information in infancy due to cognitive load.
Entertainment contributes to adaptive coping: A longitudinal investigation of the interplay between hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment, escapism, and meaning making
Authors: Kreling Rebekka , Reinecke Leonard
Published: December 2024

Traditionally, research has focused on investigating short-term effects of entertainment media use. This paper, however, takes a salutogenetic perspective in exploring the potential long-term effects of entertainment use on meaning making as an adaptive coping skill. We propose three theoretical pathways explaining potential effects of hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment, as well as escapist media use on meaning making—through vicarious experiences of adversity, experiencing positive affect, and distraction. In two preregistered longitudinal studies with varying time intervals (6 months, weekly, and daily observations), both hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment use showed positive within-person relationships with meaning making daily and weekly, but not over six months. Escapist media use negatively predicted meaning making across all time intervals. Additionally, vicarious experience and positive affect, but not distraction, mediated these effects. Our findings shed light on temporal dynamics of entertainment use and emphasize its role in fostering meaning making.
Public and scientific climate action messaging on Twitter
Authors: Lundgaard Daniel , Nielsen Kristian Steensen , Harjani Trisha , Roozenbeek Jon , Hofmann Wilhelm , Linden Sander van der , He James Kunling , Nicholas Kimberly
Published: December 2024

Ambitious and legitimate climate action requires extensive public discussion, with social media serving as an important forum. This study analyzes over 6.4 million English tweets on ‘climate action’ from 2021, posted by the general public (1.25 million users; two-thirds of tweets) and over 3,000 climate scientists working on climate change on the then-dominant climate discussion platform, Twitter. We examined the themes, emotional and moral sentiment, and tweet effectiveness measured by retweets. Our findings reveal a disconnect between frequently used communication strategies and their effectiveness. While tweeting about climate change mitigation and climate politics using positive language was common, it was only weakly associated with retweet counts. Conversely, the most effective strategies—tweeting about fossil fuels and using negative (including negative moralization) language—were infrequent. Our study contributes to the understanding of how social media platforms can be used to effectively communicate about climate action strategies and policies.
Temporal variation in counterclockwise vertical-axis block rotations across a rift overlap zone, southwestern Ethiopia, East Africa
Authors: Erbello Asfaw , Dupont-Nivet G. , Kidane Tesfaye , Nowaczyk Norbert , Sudo Masafumi , Melnick Daniel , Bookhagen Bodo , Brune Sascha , Corti Giacomo , Gecho Geremu , Strecker Manfred
Published: December 2024

The southward propagation of the southern Main Ethiopian Rift (sMER) and the northward propagation of the Kenya Rift have generated the Broadly Rifted Zone (BRZ), a ~40-km-wide region of extensional overlap between the Chew Bahir Basin-Gofa Province and the sMER. However, the tectonic interaction between these propagating rifts is not well-understood. We present new paleomagnetic and geochronologic data from Eo–Oligocene (45–35 Ma) and Miocene (18–11 Ma) volcanic and sedimentary rocks from the BRZ. Rock magnetic, alternating field and thermal demagnetization experiments indicate simple titanomagnetite mineralogies carrying a characteristic remanent magnetization from which straightforward magnetization directions were obtained. Site-mean paleomagnetic directions obtained from the analyzed samples reflect stable normal and reversed polarity directions. A comparison of the mean directions obtained for the Eo–Oligocene and Miocene rocks relative to the pole for stable South Africa at the corresponding ages reveals a significant counterclockwise (CCW) rotation of ~11.1° ± 6.4° and insignificant CCW rotation of ~3.2° ± 11.5°, respectively, reflecting a decrease in the extent of block rotations through time. Our results are consistent with the regional migration patterns of deformation during rifting. In the context of the regional tectonic evolution toward a narrow zone of extension, much of the deformation associated with block rotations probably occurred prior to the final stages of the emplacement of the Miocene volcanic flows. In light of the structural fabrics in the basement rocks exposed in the sMER, the observed CCW block rotations were likely accompanied and aided by the reactivation of NW-SE-striking basement heterogeneities, supporting the notion that inherited crustal-scale structures play a significant role during rifting across the BRZ.
Adversity is associated with lower general processing speed rather than specific executive functioning abilities
Authors: Vermeent Stefan , Schubert Anna-Lena , Frankenhuis Willem
Published: December 2024

Exposure to adversity may impair executive functioning (i.e., deficit frameworks), but could also enhance, or leave intact, specific EF abilities (i.e., adaptation frameworks). Both frameworks often use raw performance (e.g., speed) to estimate EF ability. However, this approach (1) conflates different cognitive processes, and (2) generally does not distinguish specific EF abilities from processes that are shared across EF tasks, such as general processing speed. Here, we integrate deficit and adaptation frameworks by building bridges with mathematical and cognitive psychology. Specifically, we use cognitive modeling (Drift Diffusion Modeling) to isolate different cognitive processes: speed of information accumulation, response caution, and speed of stimulus encoding and response execution. We then use structural equation modeling to investigate whether associations between adversity and cognitive processes are task-general or ability-specific. We recruited 1061 participants from the Dutch LISS panel. Participants completed a basic processing speed task, two inhibition tasks, and three attention-shifting tasks. We measured exposure to threat and material deprivation in childhood and adulthood. Exposure to threat (but not material deprivation) in adulthood was negatively associated with task-general processing speed. After accounting for task-general processes, remaining variance was not related to either inhibition or attention-shifting ability. Non-preregistered analyses showed that childhood exposure to material deprivation and threat were negatively associated with (1) general processing speed, and (2) task-specific information accumulation. The latter reflected unique features of individual tasks, rather than specific EF abilities. Taken together, these results suggest that adversity researchers overestimate associations between adversity and specific EF abilities when analyzing raw performance.
Reply to: Controlling for non-independence of nations should not be the default choice in cross-cultural research
Authors: Claessens Scott , Kyritsis Thanos , Atkinson Quentin
Published: December 2024

It is widely acknowledged that failing to account for non-independence in data can bias statistical estimates and that national-level data often exhibit such non-independence. In our recent paper, we show that, despite this awareness, most analyses of cross-national variation in psychological values or economic indicators do not make any attempt to control for non-independence, and for those that do, most methods deployed do little to reduce bias in simulated datasets with non-independence due to proximity or shared cultural ancestry. We further show that reanalysing a small sample of published datasets using the best performing methods from our simulations can appreciably change parameter estimates. In a commentary on our paper, Akaliyski highlights potential issues with our study design, distinguishes between different sources of confounding that can arise from non-independence, and proposes causal models where controlling for non-independence might actually bias, rather than help, inference. For these reasons, Akaliyski argues that controlling for non-independence should not be the default analytic choice in cross-national research. We appreciate this commentary on our work. It is useful to discuss these methodological issues in more detail to improve the rigour of cross-national research. That said, we feel that the commentary misinterprets our argument in places and overstates potential concerns.
Der Einsatz der Bundeswehr im Ausland aus linguistischer Perspektive: Alexander Maximilian Happ: Der Einsatz der Bundeswehr im Ausland 1990-2015. Eine diskurslinguistische Untersuchung anhand von Argumentationen. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2024, 716 S.
Authors: Trojanowski Jędrzej
Published: December 2024

Dieser Artikel ist eine Rezension der Dissertation von Alexander Happ, die in der Verlagsreihe Sprache und Wissen erschienen ist. Der Artikel skizziert die wichtigsten Forschungsziele, Fragen und Methoden und ordnet die Arbeit in den breiteren Kontext ähnlicher Diskursstudien ein. Die Rezension bietet eine detaillierte Zusammenfassung des Inhalts der einzelnen Kapitel und hebt die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse hervor, die sich aus der Analyse ergeben haben. Insbesondere wird die hohe analytische Tiefe der Dissertation gewürdigt, für die über 2.700 Texte aus dem Zeitraum 1990 bis 2015 eingehend analysiert wurden. Ebenso wird die Klarheit und der innovative Charakter des Forschungsansatzes gelobt. Insgesamt charakterisiert der Artikel die Dissertation als eine vorbildliche Analyse des öffentlichen Diskurses und betont ihren bedeutenden Beitrag zu diesem Forschungs­gebiet.
Tratamiento actual del cáncer de cuello uterino: avances y perspectivas
Authors: Pérez Villena Joan Flaubert
Published: December 2024

El tratamiento estándar del cáncer de cuello uterino en estadios tempranos se realiza principalmentepor laparotomía. La evaluación de los ganglios linfáticos es fundamental, determinada por losganglios centinela y la linfadenectomía pélvica. Si se identifica compromiso ganglionarintraoperatorio, es preferible evitar la disección y optar por quimiorradioterapia. La histerectomíaradical tipo C es el enfoque habitual, aunque en pacientes de bajo riesgo puede considerarse unahisterectomía extrafascial. El estudio SHAPE sugiere que no hay diferencias significativas en lasupervivencia libre de recurrencia entre ambos tipos de histerectomía. Para las mujeres jóvenes quedesean preservar su fertilidad, la conización o la traquelectomía radical son opciones viables enestadios IA2-IB1. En los estadios IB3 y IIA2 se prefiere la quimiorradioterapia concurrente, que hamostrado resultados de supervivencia más favorables. La quimioterapia neoadyuvante se aplica en
contextos donde la radioterapia no está disponible. Para pacientes con enfermedad temprana, laradioterapia puede ser una alternativa si existen contraindicaciones para la cirugía. Finalmente, serecomienda la radioterapia adyuvante para aquellas con factores de alto riesgo tras la cirugía,mientras que las pacientes de bajo riesgo no requieren tratamiento adicional, permitiendo así unenfoque personalizado en función de las características individuales de cada paciente.
Diagnóstico prenatal de síndrome de Pallister-Killian
Authors: Sarmiento-Piña Maira , Reyna-Villasmil Eduardo
Published: December 2024

El síndrome de Pallister-Killian (SPK) es un trastorno poco común y esporádico que secaracteriza por la presencia de un isocromosoma 12p adicional en algunos tejidos del cuerpo. Sudiagnóstico prenatal es complejo debido a la ausencia de características ecográficas distintivas opatognomónicas, lo que dificulta la identificación de algunas malformaciones durante el períodoprenatal. Entre los hallazgos prenatales más comunes se encuentran la hernia diafragmáticacongénita, el polihidramnios y el acortamiento rizomélico de las extremidades. El diagnósticogenético también se dificulta por el mosaicismo tisular asociado a este síndrome y la disminución delclon anómalo portador del isocromosoma. La amniocentesis se considera el procedimiento másadecuado para el diagnóstico genético, ya que la mayoría de las células en el líquido amniótico soncélulas epiteliales desprendidas de la piel fetal. Se presenta un caso de diagnóstico prenatal delsíndrome de Pallister-Killian.
حكم تحويل الجنس: دراسة تقويمية في ضوء مقاصد الشريعة
Authors: Hasmady Farhan bin , Mat Jubri Shamsuddin Mustafa
Published: December 2024

إن تحويل الجنس ظاهرة غريبة، لم يألفها من سبقنا من الأمم، وقد ساعد التقدم الطبي الحديث على تيسير عملية التحويل، وساعد التطور التكنولوجي في وسائل التواصل على انتشار الظاهرة بين المسلمين. وفي ذلك الحين تصدى علماء المسلمين لبيان الموقف الشرعي من هذه العملية، إلا أن بعضًا من المنتسبين إلى الفقه والشريعة سلك مسلكًا غير ما سلكه جماهير الفقهاء المعتبرين في العالم الإسلامي. وهذه الورقة إسهام في تجلية الموقف الشرعي الصحيح تجاه عملية التحول الجنسي، وذلك بإبراز مستندات جماهير الفقهاء، التي منطلقها الكتاب العزيز والسنة المطهرة على فهم العلماء المعتبرين من السلف والخلف، والأدلة المنطقية السليمة، ومقاصد الشريعة، وبإجلاء الردود على اعتراضات وشبهات الفريق الآخر. والبحث يتناول التحويل الجنسي بدافع قوة شعور الإنسان بالانتماء إلى الجنس المقابل دون ما سواه من أنواع العملية التحويلية للجنس.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تحويل الجنس، الجنس البشري، الترانسكس، الفقه الإسلامي، مقاصد الشريعة
Murābaḥah-Taꜥāwun Financing: An Innovation in Islamic Personal Financing
Authors: Sikiru Olanrewaju Aminu , Abdullahi Busari Saheed
Published: December 2024

Entrepreneurs, especially in developing societies, which include many Muslim countries among their fold, face a herculean task in up-scaling their businesses due to a lack of capital to procure relevant assets to grow their businesses. The world Islamic banks’ competitiveness report (2016) identified poor financial inclusion as one of the critical factors responsible for the uneven distribution of wealth in the Muslim world. This study presents the Murābaḥah-Taʻāwun financing product as an innovative addition to the range of financial products available on the Islamic banking shelf to reduce the incidence of poverty. Murābaḥah-Taʻāwun is operationalized where a group of entrepreneurs contribute funds together under a recognized Islamic bank while allowing every partner access to the fund on a rotational basis for the purchase of an asset according to a pre-defined arrangement. The study highlighted the importance of Murābaḥah-Taʻ''āwun as an Islamic financial contract by reviewing relevant extant literature. The proposed product shows that greater financial inclusion can be achieved without recourse to riba and thus will reduce poverty among Muslims.
Keywords: Murābaḥah Ta'ʻāwun, Entrepreneur, Islamic Banking, Poverty, Financial Inclusion.
The Possibility of Implementing Mushārakah Mutanāqiṣah Contract in Home Financing at Hong Leong Islamic Bank
Authors: Zulqarnain Aisyah Humairah , Zakariyah Luqman
Published: December 2024

Mushārakah Mutanāqiṣah (MM) or Diminishing Partnership is one of the financing contracts that comply with Shariah and many Malaysian Islamic banks have introduced this mode of contract into their home financing product except Hong Leong Islamic Bank and some other Islamic banks who have not yet done so. Thus, this research intends to study the possibility of offering MM contract in Islamic Home Financing as a product at Hong Leong Islamic Bank. The researchers conducted a field study through several interviews with the staff working in the product development department and department of Shariah in some of the Malaysian Islamic banks. From the theoretical aspect, the researchers explain the concept of home financing, MM and the fiqh perspective of the subject in question. The responses received during the interviews are used to analyze the possibility of offering MM contract in Islamic Home Financing product at Hong Leong Islamic Bank. This research concludes that there is a possibility for Hong Leong Islamic Bank to do so, should it consider some suggestions presented in this paper.  
Keywords: Mushārakah Mutanāqiṣah, Home Financing, Hong Leong Islamic Bank.
Green Ṣukūk and Their Applicability in Nigeria: An Exploratory Maqāṣidic Study
Authors: Sani Yahuza Bello , Abdul Aziz Akhtarzaite , Amanullah Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the applicability of green ṣukūk in Nigeria. Green ṣukūk is a modern financial instrument, which refers to an investment certificate issued for the protection of environment, climate, plants, water, and air from pollution. This (definition of green ṣukūk) clearly indicates its significance in the realization of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah (objectives of Sharīʽah) in providing benefits (maṣlaḥah) or blocking harm (mafsadah) or both. Thus, it is one of the new jurisprudential issues worthy of conducting research on, particularly because the researchers, to the best of their knowledge, have not found any academic research on green ṣukūk in Nigeria. This may be because of lack of any experience of its issuance. All these motivated the researchers for conducting this research. Also, the researchers believe that the projects that will be accomplished by issuing these green ṣukūks will lead to solving the problems of poverty, unemployment and hunger through participation in achieving  food security, providing  job opportunities, and creation of all forms of agro-infrastructures, thereby, achieving sustainable development in the light of Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʽah. The paper adopts exploratory and inductive methods. The first method explores the situation of Nigerian financial and economic system and its dire need for green sukuk, and the potential of its application, while the inductive method ensures linking the research with the framework of the Objectives of Sharīʽah and their principles. The findings of this research show that there are huge potentials and relevance of green ṣukūk in the Nigerian context which realizes the Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʽah in the Nigerian Islamic financial system. Likewise, it prevents environmental pollution and alleviates poverty, hunger, and unemployment. Therefore, the paper recommends the issuance of green ṣukūk in Nigeria by establishing its operational framework, and setting legal, regulatory and policy guidelines while taking into consideration the likely challenges for that.
CHALLENGES OF THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSTRUCTION COST MANAGEMENT
Authors: Jamlus Nur Dini Farzana , Haron Roziha Che
Published: December 2024

The construction industry faces significant challenges related to cost overruns, project delays, and inefficiency. Traditional cost management methods rely on manual processes and limited data sources, but the advent of technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) offers innovative solutions. This research explores the application of IoT in construction cost management, starting with a literature review that highlights the limitations of current methods and areas where IoT can enhance value. The study aims to identify IoT applications and challenges in construction cost management. It employs a mixed-method approach, including a questionnaire survey of 47 respondents and interviews with four construction stakeholders. The research finds that IoT sensors provide real-time data, addressing historical inefficiencies and improving project outcomes. However, it also reveals challenges such as additional budget for acquiring IoT technologies and poor collaboration among construction parties. In summary, IoT promises to transform construction cost management but requires addressing budgetary and collaboration issues to maximize its potential.
Study on the Binding Interaction of Three-finger Toxins From Cobras And Mangrove Catsnake Toward Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors: A Computational Approach
Authors: Zukifli Nor Asyikin , Ahmad Rusmili Muhamad Rusdi , Othman Iekhsan , Ismail Ahmad Khaldun , Chaisakul Janeyuth , Ibrahim Zalikha
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Snake venom is a combination of various proteins and peptides that cause diverse biological effects on multiple organ systems. In elapid venom, three-finger toxins are the most abundant type of toxin. Although toxins share similarities in their structure, they are known for their capability to cause a myriad of toxic actions such as neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and cytotoxicity. Unfortunately, many of these toxins are not fully characterized especially on their binding affinity and selectivity towards receptors and their effect to the organ system.
Materials and method: Therefore, this work was conducted to compare the binding properties of selected three-finger toxins (3FTxs) from cobras (Naja sumatrana and Naja kaouthia) and mangrove catsnake (Boiga dendrophila) towards human and bird nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (?3?2, ?4?2, ?7) using computational approaches.
Results: The results show that all toxins bind to the orthosteric site, which is located outside the extracellular domain of ? subunit for all receptors in both species. Interaction between receptors and toxins occurs by the formation of hydrogen bond, ionic bond, and hydrophobic contact with important residues involved in their binding pocket.
Conclusion: Based on the data, the toxins showed different binding affinities towards nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in different species. Differences in the binding affinity towards different species could have a significant impact on the functional characterization of venom caused by these toxins and toxins with nearly similar sequences.
Stability study of royal jelly in alginate-pectin beads
Authors: Azhar Muhammad Fitri , Mohammad Hamdi Nurul Ain , Haris Muhammad Salahuddin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The stability of royal jelly (RJ) beads is a critical aspect to ensure the product is safe, efficacious, and possesses an acceptable quality for consumers. This study aims to establish storage duration and condition to ensure the stability of RJ in alginate-pectin beads.
Methods: In this study, two types of packaging material have been chosen, namely polyethylene (PET) opaque bottles and glass containers. Samples of RJ beads were stored in four different storage conditions that include freezer, laboratory environment, real-time (30 °C, 75% RH) and accelerated (40 °C, 75% RH) stability chambers at different sampling points (0, 14 days, 1 month, 3 months). The RJ beads were characterised for physicochemical properties and 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) content in the RJ-encapsulated beads.
Results and discussion: The colour of RJ beads in the refrigerator remained whitish grey throughout the study but colour change in room temperature (laboratory) is observable starting from 1-month time point. The particle size of RJ beads stored in accelerated stability chamber had a decreasing pattern with significance (p < 0.05) for both different types of storage container. No significant difference (p > 0.05) between sphericity coefficient values of RJ beads stored in glass and PET container in refrigerator, room temperature and real-time stability chamber at 0 month and 14-day time point. Constant peaks of 10-HDA appeared for RJ samples stored in all storage conditions at 14-day time point. Nonetheless, at 1-month and 3-months, peak area starts to show decreasing trend for beads stored in room temperature, real time and accelerated stability chambers.
Conclusion: The study showed that the RJ beads exhibited convincing stability for 3 months
In vitro kinetics characterisation of polymeric nanoparticles for anticancer therapy
Authors: Azhan Umar , Mohamed Suffian Izzat Fahimuddin , Che Othman Siti Fairuz , Hadi Hazrina
Published: December 2024

World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that cancer incidence will increase in the future, thus research involving anticancer agents such as nanoparticles has gained significant importance. Nanoparticles can be made from various materials, but the focus on polymeric chitosan and/or carrageenan-based nanoparticles is significant. Research on these materials investigates dynamic parameters of in vitro drug release, stability under working conditions and stability under storage conditions (in vitro kinetics characterisations). Here, a literature review is conducted to provide in-depth insights on research methodology trends, drawbacks, suitability, suggestions for improvements and findings related to polymeric carrageenan and/or chitosan nanoparticles for anticancer therapy. Journal articles involving nanoparticles made from chitosan and/or carrageenan containing anticancer agents published between 2017 and 2022 were acquired through Google Scholar search using relevant keywords. Generally, the methods used to investigate drug release kinetics of nanoparticles can be categorised into dialysis membrane, sample and separate or direct measurement methods. Studies on the response of physiochemical characteristics towards changes in environment do not vary highly and are generalisable. Stability studies primarily measure the physicochemical changes of nanoparticles as a response measurement towards storage conditions. Both drug release selectivity and physicochemical characteristics response in different pH environments were found to be predictable via the ionisation of polymers and drugs used in different pH. The size of the nanoparticles formed during polyelectrolyte complexation process was found to be at its minimum at a balanced pH, possibly due to increased polymer-polymer attraction. The methods used for in vitro kinetics studies were generalised, and suggestions to address potential sources of errors were given in the current review. The selectivity of drug release and changes in physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles in different pH environments were found to largely coincide with the principles of ionisation of nanoparticle constituent.
Sol-gel Synthesized ZnO–SrMn2O4 Nanocomposite and Its Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Soualmi Saida , Henni Meriem , Djahnit Leila , Hamdani Hanane
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the synthesis of new binary oxide nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO–SrMn2O4, with a spinel structure. The sol-gel technique was used to synthesize ZnO–SrMn2O4 spinel-type oxides, which were subsequently investigated for their antibacterial properties. The NPs were characterized by a range of methods, namely Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of peaks characteristic of SrMn₂O₄ and ZnO/SrMn₂O₄. These peaks confirm the presence of metal-oxygen bonds, namely Zn–O, Mn–O, and Sr–O. SEM was used to analyze the morphology, chemical composition, and size of the nanocrystals. The morphology of the particles is observed to be more irregular in shape, with a wide range of nanoparticle sizes, from 54 to 250 nm. The synthesized nanoparticles, ZnO–SrMn2O4, were used to assess their antibacterial properties against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Escherichia coli and demonstrated pronounced antibacterial efficacy. The highest antibacterial activity was recorded against Escherichia Coli, with a diameter range of 16–23 mm, followed by the strain Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter range of 13.5–27.5 mm. The next most active strain was Bacillus subtilis, with a diameter range of 12.5–22 mm, and Bacillus cerus, with a diameter range of 13.5–19 mm. Further use of the obtained ZnO–SrMn2O4 powder is recommended for application in photocatalysis of dye degradation.
The effect of oxindole derivatives on the development of late ophthalmologic disorders in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University, Spasov А.А. , Naumenko L.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Govorova Yu.А. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Taran А.S. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Chebanko А.М. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Smirnov А.V. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Velikorodnaya Yu.I. ,   Volgograd State Medical University, Lozinskaya N.А. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bezsonova E.N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In Russia, as of 2021, 5 million 168.8 thousand patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were registered. Ophthalmologic late complications of DM (cataract, retinopathy, glaucoma) lead to a progressive decline in vision up to blindness, and, consequently, to a decrease in the quality of life of patients with DM. Prevention of DM complications is directly related to glycemiс control, which is not always possible, therefore, the search for new pharmacological agents for correction of the consequences of DM is an urgent task. In previous studies, among melatonin isosteres, the compound K-165 was synthesized, which has ophthalmic hypotensive properties.
Aim. To study the effect of a new melatonin bioisostere, a 3-arylidene-2-oxindole derivative, on diabetic cataractogenesis, intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal microcirculation and functional activity of the retina in streptozotocin-induced DM.
Materials and methods. DM was modeled by administering streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, DM group) into the tail vein of male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 260–280 g. Throughout the experiment, for 60 days, to reduce the risk of death from ketoacidosis, the experimental animals subcutaneously received biphasic insulin, Humulin M3 (Eli Lilly, France). Since the 61st day of the experiment, the animals were instilled 0.4% solutions of K-165 and melatonin (experimental group and reference drug group). During the experiment, intravital measurements of IOP, ocular microcirculation level and electroretinography were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the studied compound. After euthanasia of the animals, the enucleated eyeballs were used for pathomorphological examination and determination of advanced glycation end products and carboxymethyllysine in the lens structures.
Results. The compound K-165 in streptozotocin-induced DM reduces the severity of pathomorphological signs of cataract by 32% (defragmentation, swelling in lens fibers, appearance of Morgagni globules) and the level of IOP by 24%, increases the level of ocular blood microperfusion by 37.5% and shows a tendency to increase the combined response of rods and cones.
Conclusion. A new derivative of 3-arylidene-2-oxindole, the compound K-165, exhibits a pronounced anti-cataract effect, reduces the level of IOP in animals with experimental DM, improves microcirculation parameters and demonstrates a tendency to normalize the bioelectrical activity of the retina, and has a neuroprotective effect on the retina.