bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ONE OF THE METHODS OF PREVENTING THE OCCURRENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE VENTRAL HERNIAS
Authors: Мадьяров В.М. , Малгаждаров М.С. , Жапбаркулова Г.Р.
Published: December 2021

Снижение количества коллагена первого типа, существенно влияет на развитие ПВГ. Снизить частоту развития послеоперационных вентральных грыж можно вследствие раннего диагностирования факторов риска снижения коллагена на амбулаторном этапе подготовки к лапаротомии. Чем раньше сделана операция, тем меньше выражены изменения в тканях и органах, а само хирургическое вмешательство является менее сложным и более эффективным. При гладком течении и заживлении после первой операции можно оперировать послеоперационную грыжу спустя 6-8-10 месяцев в зависимости от вида и обширности первого вмешательства, общего состояния больного, величины и динамики роста грыжевого выпячивания. При склонности к ущемлению, а также при развивающемся синдроме спаечной непроходимости следует оперировать в возможно ранние сроки. Если в анамнезе есть указания на тяжело протекавший послеоперационный период в связи с обширным нагноением в ране, длительной тампонадой брюшной полости, тяжелой интоксикацией, перитонитом либо весьма длительным пребыванием в стационаре по поводу релапаротомии, следует выждать больший срок, примерно 12-18 месяцев. На это время надо назначить больному определенный режим, принять меры к улучшению общего состояния, уменьшению страданий в связи с развитием спаечного процесса в грыжевом мешке и в брюшной полости. По показаниям следует рекомендовать ношение хорошо прилаженного бандажа.

Тhe decrease in the amount of collagen of the first type significantly affects the development of PVG. It is possible to reduce the incidence of postoperative ventral hernias due to early diagnosis of risk factors for collagen loss at the outpatient stage of preparation for laparotomy. The earlier the operation, the less pronounced changes in tissues and organs, and the surgery itself is less complex and more effective. When you smooth over and heal after the first operation can be operated incisional hernia after 6-8-10 months depending on the type and extensiveness of the first intervention, the patient's General condition, size and growth of hernial protrusion. With a tendency to infringement, as well as with the developing syndrome of adhesive obstruction, it is necessary to operate as early as possible. If in the history there are indications of a difficult postoperative period due to extensive suppuration in the wound, prolonged tamponade of the abdominal cavity, severe intoxication, peritonitis or a very long stay in the hospital for relaparotomy, you should wait a longer period, about 12-18 months. At this time, it is necessary to assign the patient a certain regime, take measures to improve the General condition, reduce suffering in connection with the development of adhesions in the hernia SAC and in the abdominal cavity. According to the indications, it should be recommended to wear a well-adjusted bandage.
THE PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS AND SURGICAL TREATMENT OF COMPLICATED FORMS OF GALLSTONE DISEASE
Authors: Мадьяров В.М. , Сахипов М.М. , Жапаркулова Г.Р.
Published: December 2021

Проанализированы за последние три года результаты оперативного лечения 200 больных с осложненными формами желчнокаменной болезни. Доказано, что риск возникновения гнойно-деструктивных форм острого калькулезного холецистита зависит от характера патологического процесса в желчном пузыре. По поводу гнойно-деструктивных форм заболевания при острого калькулезного холецистита оперировано 79,7% больных и 38,9% при необструктивной форме холецистита. Риск интраабдоминальных осложнений зависит от наличия обструкции, выявленное у 18,1% больных с обтурационнной и 5,6% у пациентов с необтурационнной формой. Госпитализация при гнойно-деструктивных формах 63,5% пациентов в первые 2 часа и 85,7% в первые 6 часов от момента заболевания, дает возможность своевременно оперировать больных до развития его интраабдоминальных осложнений.

The results of treatment of 200 patients with complicated forms of gallstone disease were analyzed. It is proved that the risk of purulent-destructive forms of acute calculous cholecystitis depends on the nature of the pathological process in the gallbladder. For purulent-destructive forms of the disease in acute calculous cholecystitis, 79.7% of patients and 38.9% of patients with non-obstructive form of cholecystitis were operated on. The risk of intra-abdominal complications depends on the presence of obstruction, identified in 18.1% of patients with obstructive and 5.6% in patients with non-obstructive form. Hospitalization with purulent-destructive forms of 63.5% of patients in the first 2 hours and 85.7% in the first 6 hours from the time of the disease makes it possible to timely operate patients before the development of its intra-abdominal complications.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OF ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM (ACCORDING TO DATA CLINICAL HOSPITAL OF ALMATY #7)
Authors: Анартаев С.М. , Тайманулы О. , Кайралиев Д.М. , Ергешов К.А. , Ибадуллаев Е.Б. , Бердибеков Б.Б. , Болаткан А.Б.
Published: December 2021

В статье представлены результаты сравнительного анализа 50 больных тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА), которые по способу лечения были разделены на 3 группы: I группа - с антикоагулянтной терапией (гепарин). II группа - с селективной катетерной тромболитической (альтеплаза) и антикоагулянтной терапией. III группа - с катетерной аспирационной тромбоэкстракцией; Установлено, что на фоне комплексной терапии, включающую тромболитическую и антикоагулянтную терапии наблюдалась лучшая выживаемость пациентов с острой ТЭЛА.

The article presents results of a comparative analysis of 50 patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), which were divided into 3 groups according to the method of treatment: Group I - with anticoagulant therapy (heparin); Group II - with catheter thrombolytic (alteplase) and anticoagulant therapy. Group III - with catheter embolectomy (aspiration thromboextraction); It was found against the background of complex therapy, including thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy, there was a better survival rate for patients with acute PE.
THE KETOGENIC DIET: THE EFFECT ON THE BODY AS A WHOLE AND IN NEURO-ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES (literature review)
Authors: Дюсембеков Е.К. , Жайшылыкова Н.Г. , Аханов Г.Ж.
Published: December 2021

Кетогенная диета помогает в повышении качества жизни пациентов с диабетом 2 типа. Также кетогенная диета способна привести в норму артериальное давление и липидный обмен - повышает уровень “хорошего” холестерина, так как при кетодиете понижается употребление углеводов и повышается потребление жиров. Это вызывает «кетоз» - употребление жиров в качестве топлива. Но отрицательным влиянием стало то, что метаболитами на период диеты становятся сами кетоновые тела, которые отравляют организм и ухудшают состояние организма. Химиотерапия и лучевая терапия помимо онкологических клеток убивает и здоровые клетки, этим вызывая, рост онкологических клеток в том же органе или уже в другом органе. И кетогенная диета, одна из диет, которая может увеличить время ремиссии или затормозить рост онкологических клеток. То есть кетогенную диету нужно использовать в комплексном лечении онкологических заболеваний.

The ketogenic diet helps to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, the ketogenic diet can normalize blood pressure and lipid metabolism - the level of "good" cholesterol increases, since the ketogenic diet reduces the consumption of carbohydrates and increases the consumption of fats. This causes "ketosis" - the use of fat as fuel. But the negative effect was that the ketone bodies themselves become metabolites for the period of the diet, which poison the body and worsen the condition of the body. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, in addition to cancer cells, also kills healthy cells, causing cancer cells to grow in the same organ or in another organ. And the ketogenic diet, one of the diets that can increase the time of remission or slow down the growth of cancer cells. That is, the ketogenic diet should be used in the complex treatment of cancer.
PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Базарбекова Р.Б. , Досанова А.К. , Эрмаханова Т.У. , Апбасова У.З. , Сансызбаева Г.А. , Бектаева И.С. , Казарян С.У. , Макабаева А.К.
Published: December 2021

Синдром Прадера-Вилли - редкое наследственное заболевание, причиной которого является отсутствие отцовской копии участка хромосомы 15q11-13. Одним из проявлений данного генетического синдрома может быть соматотропная недостаточность. Именно низкорослость часто является поводом для обращения родителей пациента к врачу-эндокринологу. Для своевременной диагностики заболевания очень важен командный подход специалистов с участием генетика, эндокринолога, невропатолога с обязательным проведением генетического анализа. Обнаружение дефицита гормона роста и назначение соответствующей заместительной терапии повышает уровень медицинской и социальной адаптации ребенка. В данной статье описан случай синдрома Прадера-Вилли с соматотропной недостаточностью у 4-летней девочки, представлены преимущества и риски применения гормона роста.

Prader-Willi syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder caused by the absence of a paternal copy of the 15q11-13 chromosome region. One of the manifestations of this genetic syndrome may be somatotropic insufficiency. It is the short stature that is often the reason for the patient's parents to contact an endocrinologist. For the timely diagnosis of the disease, a team approach of specialists with the participation of a geneticist, endocrinologist, neuropathologist with the obligatory genetic analysis is very important. Detection of growth hormone deficiency and the appointment of appropriate substitution therapy increases the level of medical and social adaptation of the child. This article describes a case of Prader-Willi syndrome with growth hormone deficiency in a 4-year-old girl, presents the benefits and risks of using growth hormone.
Experiencia piloto para la difusión del servicio de voluntariado
Authors: Domínguez Olaya M. C.
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo consiste en una campaña de difusión del servicio de voluntariado que se ha realizado en las zonas rurales más alejadas de la capital de la provincia de Huelva, con la colaboración de las distintas entidades públicas y privadas de la zona y con el objetivo de acercar los servicios de la ONCE a los afiliados que allí residen. Se inicia con la entrada en vigor de la nueva normativa reguladora de la actuación de la ONCE como entidad de voluntariado (circular n.º 1/2020 de 13 de enero de la Dirección General Adjunta de Servicios Sociales para Afiliados de la ONCE), la cual introduce como novedad, entre otras cuestiones, la creación del programa de «Difusión». Los resultados de esta práctica, como se explicará más adelante, han ido mucho más allá de la difusión del servicio de voluntariado, cuyo primer objetivo es captar voluntarios y beneficiarios en la zona para poner en marcha el servicio.
Nuevas tecnologías, voluntariado y participación activa: tres claves para activar a las personas
Authors: Fernández Granda J.M. , Malgor Vázquez M. , Rodríguez Miranda M. D.
Published: December 2021

Las nuevas tecnologías son fuente de oportunidades para cualquier persona, más aún con discapacidad visual. No tener acceso a ellas genera importantes brechas sociales, culturales y económicas. Por ello, resulta necesario desarrollar metodologías que faciliten formación adecuada en competencias digitales. En la Delegación Territorial de la Organización Nacional de Ciegos Españoles (ONCE) de Asturias hemos desarrollado un programa para facilitar el uso de tecnología mediante la interacción social y la colaboración, orientar en su uso para mejorar la calidad de vida y la autonomía personal y dar una formación continua. Hemos utilizado metodologías participativas y trabajo multidisciplinar, coordinando voluntariado, organizando actividades de ocio y utilizando nuevas tecnologías. Así, pudieron atenderse satisfactoriamente necesidades formativas de más personas, iniciando esta andadura con nueve usuarios en abril de 2017 hasta alcanzar 66 en octubre de 2020. Durante este tiempo, hemos logrado promover el trabajo en equipo, aumentar la implicación y participación de las personas en actividades socioculturales y facilitar formación continua e intercambio de criterios.
Tres fotografías sobre la instrucción y educación de ciegos a principios del siglo XX en España
Authors: Díaz Díaz Teresa
Published: December 2021

En el presente artículo se abordan tres fotografías en blanco y negro pertenecientes a los fondos del Museo Tiflológico de la ONCE que, posiblemente, fueron realizadas para hacer un publirreportaje de una institución sobre la que no informan. Estas fotografías se encargaban para dar a conocer sus instalaciones, a los profesionales de la educación que trabajaban allí y exponer los logros con las últimas novedades con las que se contaba a principios del siglo XX con respecto a la educación de las personas ciegas. Este tipo de publirreportajes y folletos de propaganda se localizan en gran parte de los colegios europeos que acogían a este tipo de alumnado. En la actualidad, nos sirven como documentos históricos para analizar la didáctica, los profesores, los alumnos y las herramientas con las que contaban en esa época y que se muestran en estos tres únicos documentos gráficos que se conservan como testimonio de la instrucción de adultos ciegos.
Reis-Filósofos na busca por uma sociedade idealizada: análise socioeducacional do filme Capitão Fantástico
Authors: Silva Altina Abadia , Oliveira Danyelle Borges de Oliveira , Lopes Viviane Faria Lopes
Published: December 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as escolhas da família que figuram a produção cinematográfica Capitão Fantástico, lançada no ano de 2016, cujos membros vivem de modo não convencional, com os progenitores criando os filhos isolados da sociedade para, desse modo, torná-los efetivos reis-filósofos, com base no que é exposto em A República, de Platão. Buscando fugir da dominação política global, passaram a viver uma realidade autônoma, isentos de universos nos quais o autoritarismo perpassa, alicerçados na ideia de uma sociedade sublime, idealizada. Tal investigação buscou situações sociais e políticas atuais, recorrentes no Brasil, para firmar comparação, e balizou-se em teóricos da sociologia, da linguagem e da educação, para promover uma análise socioeducacional do conhecimento erudito enquanto componente necessário, apesar de não exclusivo para a formação de jovens pensadores e construtores de conhecimento.
La sextorsión como ciberdelito y la necesidad de tipificarlos en el Código Penal Hondureño
Authors: Amador Figueroa Aldair Orlando
Published: December 2021

La siguiente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar y demostrar que el Estado de Honduras carece de una normatividad basada en proteger a sus habitantes en materia de ciberseguridad, justificando el estudio al desarrollo continuo de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación que junto con las leyes, deben encaminarse a la construcción de un cuerpo normativo que no de lugar a ningún tipo de delincuencia. Aunado a esto, se incluyen algunas posibles soluciones que puedan dirigir al Estado a cumplir con la seguridad cibernética de la población.
El Principio Pro Actione como criterio de interpretación para acceder al Proceso Judicial
Authors: Alvarenga Edwin A.
Published: December 2021

El propósito de este trabajo es poner a disposición del jurista una razón fundamental para hacer efectivo el acceso a la justicia. Es un hecho notorio que muchos procesos judiciales se ven detenidos o hasta precluidos por los rigorismos y formalidades no trascendentales impuestos por interpretaciones cerradas de la norma adjetiva. En las siguientes líneas se pretende construir una idea procesal sobre la importancia de hacer uso de la tutela judicial efectiva, enfáticamente del principio pro actione y que la operatividad de esta fuente interpretativa del derecho, sea una herramienta para lograr el acceso a la justicia en las personas que litigan en los órganos jurisdiccionales.
Dos emergencias: Violencia Basada en Genero y la COVID-19, en México
Authors: Guerrero Flores Francisco , Molina Evaristo Kitzia Paulina
Published: December 2021

La violencia basada en género (VBG) es un reto para la consecución de la equidad de género y la garantía de una vida libre de violencia para las mujeres. Una vez que la emergencia por la expansión del virus que causa la enfermad de la Covid-19 inició, con las subsecuentes medidas de confinamiento adoptadas por México, han aumentado los casos de VBG. El presente artículo es de tipo jurídico y se desprende de un proyecto de investigación; lleva a cabo una revisión de textos provenientes de fuentes académicas, ONG´s y decretos oficiales acerca de la incidencia de las medidas de confinamiento sobre la VBG, con el propósito de reflexionar sobre la violencia extrema que viven las mujeres, en el marco de la cuarentena para contener la propagación de la Covid –19.  El documento se estructura en dos secciones y una conclusión. En la primera se aborda la VBG como un problema estructural y crónico en México. En la segunda sección se aporta información en torno al agravamiento de la violencia contra las mujeres y niñas en la actual pandemia, colocando especial atención en los feminicidios. Se muestran datos que permiten afirmar que el encierro agrava la VBG, problema que urge ser atendido por las autoridades estatales. Finalmente, se concluye con la necesidad de atender ambos problemas que son   una emergencia que asola a México.
Noviolencia y Resistencia Civil: una mirada teórica desde la lucha social
Authors: Ameglio Patella Pietro
Published: December 2021

El artículo plantea un abordaje epistémico desde la relación acción-reflexión-acción, acerca de una mayor conceptualización de la resistencia civil y la lucha social noviolenta, en su interacción, sobreposición y especificidades. Para ello, se partirá de la integración y discusión de enfoques y experiencias de diferentes autores y luchadores sociales, a partir de ejes conceptuales como la desobediencia, el poder, la construcción de armas morales y noviolentas, la toma de conciencia de los cuerpos y sus identidades, los niveles de las acciones. Finalmente, se hará un análisis, desde estas variables, de la resistencia civil noviolenta de los familiares de víctimas de desaparecidxs y asesinadxs en México, a partir de las Brigadas Nacionales de Búsqueda.
Penerapan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Rumah Sakit (K3RS) di Rumah Sakit Umum X Jakarta
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto , Ahmad Affan
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Hospital as a health service institution for thecommunity is a workplace that has a high risk to the safety andhealth of hospital human resources, patients, patient companions,visitors, and hospital environment so that the hospital is obliged toimplement the Republic of Indonesia Ministerial Regulation No. 66of 2016 concerning Hospital Work Safety and Health Standards.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine theImplementation of Occupational Safety and Health Standards at theJagakarsa Regional Hospital in 2019.Method: This type of research is qualitative using 5 informants.Result: From the results of research Jagakarsa Hospital hasimplemented the application of occupational safety and healthstandards of the hospital which include risk management, safetyand security, occupational health services, Management ofhazardous and toxic materials (B3) from aspects of occupationalsafety and health, fire prevention and control, management hospitalinfrastructure from aspects of occupational safety and health,management of medical equipment from aspects of occupationalsafety and health, preparedness to deal with emergencies ordisasters have been implemented well by Jagakarsa RegionalHospital but in reality there are still some elements that have notbeen carried out according to the Occupational Safety and HealthStandards diseases including risk management, fire control andprevention as well as hospital infrastructure.Conclution: Jagakarsa Regional Hospital should complement theshortcomings in the field so that it can realize the dream of thehospital becoming a favorite and perfect hospital
Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Ketersediaan Sarana Prasarana dengan Perilaku Pengolahan Limbah Medis oleh Petugas Kebersihan
Authors: Tri Puji Laksono Galih , Sari Agustina
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The development of health service facilities is currently growing rapidly, but on the other hand, the waste produced is a threat in itself to environmental sustainability. Therefore, the health service unit has the obligation and responsibility to manage the waste produced, including in the hospital.

Objectives: The research objective was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and infrastructure towards the behavior of medical waste treatment by cleaners in the Thousand Islands Regional Hospital in 2020.

Method: The quantitative research method used a cross sectional design. The population of this study were all employees of the Seribu Kepuluan Regional General Hospital. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample size of 106 people. The data used are primary data through distributing questionnaires and secondary data from books and literature. Data analysis was performed by univariate and bivariate with the chi- square test.

Result: The results showed the relationship between knowledge with (p-value = 0,000 and OR = 43,333), attitude with (p-value = 0,000 and OR = 12,692), and infrastructure (p-value = 0,000 and OR = 25,143) on waste management behavior. medical by janitor. There is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and facilities and the behavior of medical waste management by cleaning workers.

Conclution: It is hoped that the Seribu Islands Regional General Hospital will provide training, and provide complete facilities and infrastructure in medical waste management in order to increase the knowledge of hospital staff and maximize medical waste management.
Pengetahuan Wabah Covid-19 dan Aturan Kekarantinaan terhadap Kepatuhan dalam Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19
Authors: Abdul aziz  , Koto Yeni , Rokhmiati Eka
Published: December 2021

Latar belakang: Pengetahuan yang rendah tentang wabah Covid-19 dan kontak yang erat dengan pasien terinfeksi Covid-19 akan mempermudah proses penularan Covid-19 antara manusia. Sehingga himbauan kepada masyarakat untuk menjaga jarak fisik, melakukan berbagai kegiatan dari rumah, seperti bekerja, beribadah, dan belajar utuk mencegah menyebarnya Covid-19 di masyarakat.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang wabah Covid-19 dan aturan kekarantinaan terhadap kepatuhan dalam upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Desa Dramaga Bogor.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling.  Jumlah responden 114 warga Desa Dramaga. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α 0,05.
Hasil: Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan pengetahuan wabah Covid-19 terhadap kepatuhan dalam upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Desa Dramaga Bogor dengan Pvalue 0,000 < 0,05.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang wabah Covid-19 terhadap kepatuhan dalam upaya pencegahan Covid-19 di Desa Dramaga Bogor.
Pengaruh Relaksasi Diafragma, Relaksasi Otot Progresif dan Relaksasi Nafas terhadap Penurunan Rasa Cemas pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III
Authors: Mulyati Yuli , Novita Astrid , Trisna Nurwita
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The stress of a pregnant woman that comes from within is related to feeling anxious about her ability to adapt to her pregnancy conditions. Feelings of anxiety and worry in the third trimester, are increasingly getting into the gestational age of seven months and over and before delivery.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of diaphragm relaxation, progressive muscle relaxation, and breath relaxation on reducing anxiety in third trimester pregnant women at BPM Mira Laura, Bogor City.
Method: This study used a quasi-experimental research method (Quasi Experiment) and used a non-randomized control group pre-test-post-test design approach, with a sampling technique namely quota sampling with a sample size of 45 respondents. The research instrument was the Speilberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire. The data were processed using SPSS.
Result: The result of the Paired T-Test is an effect of diaphragm relaxation (P=0,000; OR=2.883), progressive muscle relaxation (P=0,000; OR=4.579), and breath relaxation (P=0,000; OR=4.655) on reducing anxiety in third trimester pregnant women at BPM Mira Laura, Bogor City.
Conclusion: With this research, it is hoped that health workers, especially midwives, can provide midwifery care to pregnant women to reduce anxiety by doing or teaching pregnant women relaxation so that pregnant women can carry out these therapies sustainably and independently at home because it is very easy to apply.
I. Executive Council Meeting and II. The C.A. Doxiadis Lecture
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

24 October at 15.00-17.00 hrs, under the Chairmanship o fProfessor Udo E. Simonis, President of the Society. The Agenda, large as usual, was covered on time for the Executive Council to be free to welcome WSE members arriving for the second program, the 1st C.A. Doxiadis Lecture. Naturally the five members who had to cancel their attendance at the last minute were sorely missed. But most of all, those present missed Professor Wesley W. Posvar, immediate Past President of the Society, and in deep sorrow they discussed his untimely and unexpected death on 27 July, 2001. His extremely important role was remembered in promoting the active mobilization of WSE members through his initiative in calling the meetings in Pittsburgh and Athens in 1999, and in Čelákovice in the year 2000. Also remembered was the joy of both Millie and Wesin Prague a year ago, prior to their trip to Germany to celebrate their 50th wedding anniversary.
Ownership and command over resources in the Sahel town of Abéché
Authors: Oestereich Jürgen
Published: December 2021

Dr Oestereich, an architect and town-planner, graduate of Aachen Technical University, Germany, after a period of collaboration with prominent architects' offices and consultancy agencies in Paris, London, Berlin, Lusaka and Mettmann (Germany), has acted since 1973 as a freelance planner and consultant on human settlement matters with German and international development agencies on projects concerning town planning, slum upgrading and local government matters in many countries of Africa and Asia; as Guest Lecturer at the DPU/University College, London, and the Institute for Regional and City Planning of the Technical University Berlin and also as a Delegate of Habitat International Coalition at various international conferences. His publications include Elendsquartiere und Wachstumspole (Misery-Quarters and Growth-Poles), Cologne, 1980; as well as Ländliche Entwicklung und Selbsthilfeforderung (Rural Development and Assistance to Self-Help), Munich, 1989; and numerous articles published in various professional periodicals and scientific compilations. Since 1983, Dr Oestereich is Co-editor of TRIALOG, a bilingual German-English journal on planning and building in the South. He is also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
The transparency syndrome in global change: A sociological concept paper
Authors: Holzner Burkart , Holzner Leslie
Published: December 2021

Burkart Holzner is Distinguished Service Professor of International Studies, Professor of Sociology and of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh. For two decades he was the Director of the University Center for International Studies at the University of Pittsburgh. He wrote about knowledge systems in society, and about the roles of knowledge use in modernity. His recent work is on international studies and global change. Currently he works with Leslie Holzner on a long-term project to explain the causes and consequences of the rise of transparency in global change. Dr Holzner is a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). Leslie Holzner is a sociologist who has worked for the past several years with her husband on the issue of transparency and other global phenomena. She spent 30 years at the University of Pittsburgh where she was Assistant Director of the Learning Research and Development Center. Her research and development activity has centered on planned change, and restructuring organizations, with an emphasis on educational institutions. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper prepared for the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
The anthropocosmos model
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

Usually the Anthropocosmos Model reflects the contents of the Issue to which it belongs. This time, however, it reflects two issues (vol. 69, no. 412/413/414, January/February-March/April-May/June 2002 and vol. 69, no. 415/416/417, July/August-September/October-November/December 2002) which are devoted to papers presented and other material used from the 2001 programs of the WSE - more specifically the 2001 C.A. Doxiadis Lecture and the Symposion on "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century".
The 2001 Meetings of the World Society for Ekistics
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

The contents of the present issue come as a continuation of the previous issue of Ekistics, vol. 69, no.412/413/414, January/February-March/April-May/June 2002, with the same theme. As is explained in the table of contents (pages 2 and 3) of that issue and also reproduced in the table of contents (pages 178 and 179) of the present issue, the material used is classified as follows: The 2001 Meetings of the World Society for Ekistics, Berlin, 24-28 October

Executive Council Meeting

The C.A. Doxiadis Lecture

Symposion: Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century

General Assembly

Apart from the C.A. Doxiadis Lecture, the main contents of both issues refer to the material collected before, during and, in some cases, after the Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century". More specifically, the issues contain:

Papers reflecting the presentations made during the Symposion and these concern papers delivered before and during the Symposion or documents that were prepared by the presenters after the Symposion.

Papers that were made available at the Symposion by members who intended to attend but finally were totally unable to do so. These documents were made available to all participants but were never presented or discussed. Some were revised and edited by the authors.

Papers that were prepared after the Symposion by members who could not attend.
A comprehensive planning framework for the National Aviation System, USA
Authors: Al Chalabi Suhail
Published: December 2021

The author, Vice-President of the ai Chalabi Group (ACG), Ltd., Chicago, USA, is an architect, graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, and of the Graduate School of Ekistics of the Athens Technological Institute, Greece, and also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). He has over 30 years of experience as a regional planner and transportation planner; he served in several state, city and regional government positions in the USA and, prior to joining the al Chalabi Group, he was Commissioner of Economic Development for the City of Chicago. For ten years the al Chalabi Group has been actively involved in all aspects of planning for the Third Airport for the Chicago region. They have conducted aviation and demographic forecasts; estimated socio-economicand development impacts; and coordinated ground transportation improvement for this 5 billion dollar project. The text that follows was distributed to the participants at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001, which the author was finally unable to attend.
Part 7: Education and Research
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This is the introduction to this issue's part 7: Education and Research.
Urban and rural areas as defined by population density in Japan
Authors: Goto Haruhiko
Published: December 2021

Dr Goto, an architect and town planner with an MSc in Architecture and a Ph. D in City Planning from Waseda University, Japan, formerly Vice-Dean of the Graduate School, is now Professor of Urban Design at the same university. He is also a Principal of Kankyo to Zokei Inc., Architecture and Urban Design, Tokyo, and a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the City in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
The future of the Basque Homeland: An ekistic approach
Authors: Mann Lawrence D.
Published: December 2021

The author is Professor Emeritus of Planning, School of Planning, College of Architecture, University of Arizona, Tucson; and Adjunct Professor of Regional Development, Department of Geography and Regional Development, Graduate College and the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences of the same university. Professor Mann is adviser to organizations and governments locally, regionally, nationally, in Latin America, Europe, etc., and also a member of the World Society for Ekistics (WSE). The text that follows is a revised, edited and radically reduced version of a paper presented at the WSE Symposion "Defining Success of the city in the 21st Century," Berlin, 24-28 October, 2001.
The editor's page
Authors: Psomopoulos P.
Published: December 2021

The completion of this volume of Ekistics makes the guest-editor, Professor Calogero Muscarà, and myself really proud and happy. We are also relieved for having fulfilled, albeit partially and belatedly, a longstanding commitment, and are deeply grateful to all those who have joined us in this tribute to Jean Gottmann who has marked our lives since we first came across some of his thoughts. I remember Calogero Muscarà telling me what a struggle he had to go through for many years obliged to work in universities and other research institutions, without real interest, in physical geography, when his main interests were history and social and political sciences which were "more appealing for the explanation of life." It was only in the mid-1950s when he discovered Gottmann's book La politique des États et leur géographie, that he began to understand how effectively geography could be connected to his real interests. The long period of close collaboration, both nationally and internationally, between Gottmann and Muscarà, which started 20 years later in 1977, only ended with Gottmann's death in 1994 but Muscarà's keen interest and personal involvement in promoting Gottmann's thought never ceased. I myself, an architect-planner, already fully engaged in ekistics, and a close collaborator of Constantinos A. Doxiadis, will never forget the day I first met Gottmann in the early 1960s and how avidly I absorbed the relevance of his remarks on the complexities involved when trying to apply the interdisciplinary approach needed in assessing conditions for planning action. And this continued during all the years and on all the occassions I had the good fortune to be with him.
From the global network of megalopolises to the political partitioning of the world: The guest-editor's introductory statement
Authors: Muscarà Calogero
Published: December 2021

The author, guest-editor for the three double issues of this special volume of Ekistics, is Professor of Urban Geography at the University ofRome La Sapienza. He has been a member of the Commission Permanente de Géographie Politique chaired by Professor Jean Gottmann. He chaired the Working Group on Geography of Transport of the International Geographical Union from 1980-1988. Professor Muscarà's scientific interests have always focused on the epistemology of geography. He has researched issues on the geography of development and on regionalization, especially regarding its relationships tothe dynamics of urbanization. Of his numerous publications, his latest book is on the paradox of federalism in Italy. He is a member of the World Society for Ekistics.
Illustration
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section includes photographs from the 1972 Delos Symposion (Delos 10).
Gottmann and Mediterranean Iconographies
Authors: Campione Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

The author teaches Political and Economic Geography at the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Messina, Italy - where he directed the Department of Economics, Statistics and Geopolitical Analysis - and is currently vice-president of the Association of Italian Geographers (AGel) and director of Geotema Review, Patron Edit. Bologna; he has directed the Nuovi Quaderni di Geografia Umana for Sicily and Calabria. He is a member of the Society of Geographic Studies, of the Italian Geographic Society and of the International Affairs Institute of Le Monde Diplomatique. Dr Campione has taught Urban Geography at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Reggio Calabria, at the University La Sapienza in Rome and the University IULM in Milan, and Political Geography at the University of Palermo, and is the author of several publications on regional and urban topics, on Sicily, the Mediterranean, and on subjects such as the territorial control of functions, or the visual compositions of places. He was a member of the Sicilian Parliament during the 1980s and 1990s, and President of Sicily after the murder of Falcone and Borsellino by the Mafia.
"Indian" geopolitics: Unity in diversity or diversity of unity?
Authors: Chaturvedi Sanjay
Published: December 2021

The author, a Leverhulme Fellow of the University of Cambridge , England, is the Chairman of the Department of Political Science and the Co-ordinator of the Centre for the Study of Geopolitics, Panjab University, Chandigarh. His research interest is the theory and practices of geopolitics, with special reference to polar regions, the Indian Ocean and South Asia. He is the author of Polar Regions: A Political Geography (Wiley, 1996) and co-editor of the forthcoming Rethinking Boundaries: Geopolitics, Identities and Sustainability (Delhi, Manohar). He has contributed articles to several refereed journals including Third World Quarterly, Journal of Social and Economic Geography, and Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. More recently, he has been a Fellow at Columbia University Institute for Scholars, Reid Hall, and Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, Paris, under the International Programme of Advanced Studies (IPAS), researching on the role of "excessive" geopolitics in the partition of British India. Dr Chaturvedi serves on the international editorial board of Geopolitics, a journal published by Frank Cass, London.
The geopolitical role of China: Crouching tiger, hidden dragon
Authors: Eva Fabrizio
Published: December 2021

The author is an annual contract professor at the University of Venice - Ca' Foscari, Treviso campus, Italy, with a course on Political and Economic Geography. Previously he had annual contracts at the Institute of Human Geography, State University of Milan with courses on Geopolitical Dynamics and Analyzing Methods. He is corresponding member of the IGU World Political Map Commission. He is a member of the editorial board of the international reviews Geography Research Forum, Geopolitics, and The Arab World Geographer. His academic interests include current geopolitical dynamics, international relations, borders and nation-state issues, ethnonationalisms, political and economic dynamics in Eastern Asia (particularly China and Japan), the geopolitical legacy of Elisée Reclus, Piotr Kropotkin and anarchic thought. Recent publications are: Cina e Giappone. Due modelli per il futuro dell' Asia (Turin, UTET Libreria, 2000); "La geografia politica," in M. Casari, G. Corna Pellegrini and F. Eva, Elementi di geografia economica e politica (Rome, Carocci, 2003). Personal Webpage: http://www.fabrizio-eva.info
Illustration
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

This section showcases the last Ekistics with J. Gottmann as Guest-Editor.
Ekistic grid index
Authors: Of Ekistics Athens Center
Published: December 2021

The articles in this issue are coded by the scale of settlements and an aspect of an element indicated in the ekistic grid.
"The Natural City" Symposion: Keynote speech: A contract with our future
Authors: Kennedy Robert F.
Published: December 2021

Recently lauded by Successful Meetings magazine as a man whose message supersedes his golden name, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. maintains a reputation as a resolute defender of the environment. His litany of successful legal actions includes: prosecuting governments and companies for polluting the Hudson River and Long Island sound; winning settlements for the Hudson Riverkeeper; arguing cases to expand citizen access to the shoreline; and suing sewage treatment plants to force compliance with the Clean Water Act. Mr Kennedy serves as chief prosecuting attorney for the Hudson Riverkeeper, senior attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council, all while serving as the President of the Waterkeeper Alliance. He is also a clinical professor and supervising attorney at the Environmental Litigation Clinic at Pace University School of Law in New York. He has worked on environmental issues across the Americas and has assisted several indigenous tribes in Latin America and Canada in successfully negotiating treaties protecting traditional homelands. He is credited with leading the fight to protect New York City's water supply. The New York City watershed agreement, which he negotiated on behalf of environmentalists and New York City watershed consumers, is regarded as an international model in stakeholder consensus negotiations and sustainable development. The following are excerpts from the Keynote Address by Robert F. Kennedy Jr. at Convocation Hall, University of Toronto at the international symposionon 'The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics, and are reprinted with kind permission from Idea&s: the Arts and Science Review, of the University of Toronto, Autumn 2004, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10-12.
Cities are successful because they are civic: The 2004 C.A. Doxiadis Lecture
Authors: Crombie David
Published: December 2021

The decision for the organization annually of a C.A. Doxiadis Lecture to honor the memory of the founder of Ekistics, was taken at the WSE meetings in _el_kovice, Czech Republic, in 2000. The series is meant to invite distinguished experts in any professional field which may be considered as directly or indirectly contributing to ekistics, to expose their ideas on any theme of their preference. Reference to C.A. Doxiadis or ekistics is not required, although any such reference is not excluded. The program for this year's lecture scheduled to take place at 19.30 hrs on 24 June was as follows:

Chairman: Alexander B. LemanIntroduction: Ingrid Leman StefanovicLecturer: Hon. David CrombieTheme: "Avoiding the 'dark age ahead' "

The lecture was delivered in the Medical Sciences Auditorium and was followed by a lively discussion.

*An edited version of Mr Crombie's presentation is produced on the opposite page entitled "Cities are successful because they are civic."

The WSE President, Alexander B. Leman, offered the speaker the four books by C.A. Doxiadis which were presented in 1976, one year after his death, by the then President of WSE, Professor R. Buckminster Fuller, at the Assembly of the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements - Habitat I in Vancouver.
Downsview Park, Toronto: A part of the natural city of the 21st century
Authors: Genco Tony
Published: December 2021

The author has been with Parc Downsview Park Inc. for close to five years. After only two years he has risen to lead the company as Executive Vice-President, which he has done for nearly three years through an extremely challenging period that included the change in governance and reorganization of the company and hosting two very large international events. Mr Genco has an extensive breadth of experience and skills in all facets of public affairs, communications, government relations and management. He is active in many charitable and community activities, and currently serves on the Board of Directors of the Woodbridge Agricultural Society, the Community Home Assistance for Seniors (CHATS), the Columbus Centre, Heritage Vaughan and is a member of the Canadian Sustainability Indicators Network. The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on 'The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
The price of sprawl in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Rivers Ray
Published: December 2021

The author is an environmental economist who provides consulting services to a wide range of clients from private industry, environmental interest groups and the federal and provincial governments. He has worked with the federal departments of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries and Oceans and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment; lectured at Concordia, the University of Ottawa and Wilfred Laurier University in Public Administration and Sustainable Development; and written widely on a range of environmental topics. Ray Rivers was the Canadian co-author of the Land Use sections in the 1996/1998 State of the Lake Ecosystem Conferences. The text that follows is an edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "The Natural City," Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.
Federal-provincial governance and the future status of Canadian cities
Authors: Smallwood Frank
Published: December 2021

The author is the Nelson A. Rockefeller Professor of Government Emeritus and the past Chair of the Urban Studies Program at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. He received his Masters and Ph. D degrees from Harvard University. In 1968 he worked with Constantinos A. Doxiadis and Panayis Psomopoulos in Athens, and he joined the World Society for Ekistics at that time. His publications include books on metropolitan government, as well as many studies of the Politics of Policy Implementation. He retired to Shelburne, Vermont, USA, in 2002.