bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Distribution Network Integrated Blackout Management Platform Based on Business Central Platform
Authors: Zhang Jiang-Feng , Zhao Fu-Quan , Ye Su , Zeng Liang-Liang , Wang Zi-Xiang
Published: May 2020

With the rapid development of information technology in power grid enterprises, there are many information systems in relevant business departments. It is difficult to avoid the dilemma of duplication of business functions and waste of data resources because of the “chimney” function development model oriented to business lines. Aiming at the decentralized management status of data related to blackout business such as smart grid dispatching technology support system, production management system, distribution automation system and marketing system, based on the system architecture of business center, this paper takes integrated blackout intelligent optimization as the construction goal, and optimizes blackout inspection from the standardisation of data. Repair plan, improve the coordination efficiency of relevant business departments, avoid repeated blackouts, improve the reliability of power supply, and provide decision support for power grid enterprises in blackout management.
An approach for monitoring sand mining based on sound feature
Authors: Zhou Qingmei , He Xiping
Published: May 2020

In order to strengthen the management of sand excavation in river courses and prevent the occurrence of illegal sand mining activities, this paper proposes an approach for monitoring sand mining based on sound. Firstly, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) abstractor and Autoencoder are combined to extract features of every frame of a sound sequence, and then each frame of the sound sequence is classified by a specific classifier. Finally a voting strategy is used among the frames to determine the final category of the sound sequence. Experiments show that whether the classifier is SVM, KNN, or BP neural network, the result of combined features is better than the result of features extracted by the MFCC abstractor. Therefore, it is feasible to use the artificial intelligence method based on sound features extracted through MFCC abstractor and Autoencoder to monitor sand mining.
Appearance-based Gaze Estimation Using Multi-task Neural Network
Authors: Liu Mihan , Dai Huanhuan
Published: May 2020

In order to improve the gaze estimation accuracy through using the information in the eye image more adequately, an appearance-based gaze estimation neural network EyeNet has been proposed in this article. On the one hand, by decomposing the main task into two subtasks, this network could gain more information during the training stage. On the other hand, EyeNet could extract features in the image more efficiently by adding an auxiliary task which is detecting the iris center and eye ball center of the eye. Experiments show that by using these two tricks, the error decreased from 5.42 degree to 5.16 degree.
The Research Status and Hotspots in the Domain of Smart Learning in China from 2012-2019
Authors: Wang HaiBin , Ming Zijing , Zhang Mengjie , He Jiaxiang , Cheng Lin , Qian Zhou
Published: May 2020

To explore the research status and hotspots in the domain of Smart learning in China, 118 related articles form the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CKNI)were analyzed by the software of CiteSpace. The results showed that: (1) the area of smart learning in China began in 2012 and shows an upward trend year by year from 2012 to 2017, and the number of articles reached the historical peak in 2017 with 30 articles, but it showed a downward trend after 2017. Zhiting Zhu, Beijing Normal University and E-education Research topped the lists of contributing authors, organizations and publications respectively. (2) “smart learning”, “strategy”, “smart learning environment” and “smart education” were the top four largest clusters on the area of smart learning in China from 2012-2019.
RETRACTED: Research on the application of big data in the management and service of College Students
Authors: Sun Wenhua , Wu Lifeng , Lu Yang , Zha Xiaohong , Cui Mingyuan
Published: May 2020

The explosive growth of information and the maturity and application of cloud computing, data mining and analysis technology mark that today’s society has ushered in the era of big data. College student management and service work are practical, but the traditional way of it is mostly manual and single qualitative management, which has been unable to meet the growing number of students demands, gradually revealing lots of problems like low efficiency, slow speed, and poor quality. The emergence of big data will effectively improve this problem. College students’ education management workers will be able to accurately control the ideological and behavioral dynamics of students, properly carry out public opinion analysis, and promote the personalized learning and development of college students.
Research on Semantic Segmentation of Portraits Based on Improved Deeplabv3 +
Authors: Zhang Kaihui , Liu Xianhui , Chen Yufei
Published: May 2020

At present, semantic segmentation is one of the hottest research directions in the field of computer vision, and the Deeplab series is one of the best neural network models in semantic segmentation. Based on the original Deeplab-v3 + neural network model, this paper makes a series of improvements to make it perform better on semantic segmentation of portraits: 1. Add channel attention module to speed up the convergence speed of model training and improve segmentation accuracy. 2. Improve the original AtrousSpatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP), adjust the receptive field of the network, and improve the segmentation accuracy. Finally, this paper compares the segmentation performance of different semantic segmentation network models on human-parsing dataset and proves that the proposed neural network structure has better segmentation effect.
Application of Activity-on-arrow Network in Product Development Management
Authors: Li Linsen , Zhou Shanping , Deng Ting
Published: May 2020

Product development management is the core work of product preparation, which is restricted by many factors and requires regular adjustment of plans and real-time dynamic management. Taking the general process of product development management as an example, this paper adopts activity-on-arrow network in operational research to develop product management, and then draws and calculates the composition, key circuit and time parameters. Afterwards, the construction period is shorten and the consumption of cost is reduced through adopting the activity-on-arrow network in developing product management to achieve the design optimization and calculation of product development management, so as to save cost and improve economic efficiency of enterprises.
Construction of Digital Library Precision Service System under Big Data Environment
Authors: Meng Luyang , Zhang Bin , Wang Di , Jun
Published: May 2020

With the promotion of Internet communication technology and information technology, university digital libraries are also in the process of continuous reform and development. With the passage of time, the information resources of digital libraries accumulate more and more, coupled with the continuous update of computer technology and social networks, users will generate more and more information resources. The rapid development of communication and Internet technology in the era of big data brings opportunities to digital library’s accurate service, and at the same time, it also makes it face huge challenges. The library should rely on the massive book resources platform, combine the big data processing technology with the digital library service concept, and actively explore the data acquisition, sorting and storage technology, so as to provide more effective and humanized services for users. This paper introduces the goal of precision service of Digital Library Based on big data, expounds the characteristics of precision service of Digital Library Based on big data, and puts forward the construction method of precision service system of Digital Library under big data environment.
Computer Communication Technology and Electronic Information in Artificial Intelligence Application
Authors: Yang Yi , Fu Ying Feng
Published: May 2020

In the context of stable social and economic development, the core position of mankind has gradually emerged. People’s behavior is controlled by their consciousness, which in turn creates a good living environment. With the development of science and technology, manpower has been largely liberated. Social productivity is constantly growing, and socio-economic order is constantly being reformed. To take full advantage of technological innovation, artificial intelligence is the most advanced technology. Domestic big data technology is rapidly innovating, and computer communication technology is increasingly used in the field of artificial intelligence. Communication and electronic information technology are important supports for the spread of artificial intelligence and can process various data in a timely manner. Process the complex data information and upload the processing results to the artificial intelligence platform. Build different data matrix models, analyze data parameters, and finally apply them to the field of artificial intelligence. The organic integration of computer communication technology and electronic information technology to successfully complete various tasks. It fully demonstrates the close connection between information technology and artificial intelligence, and provides theoretical support for the subsequent work. This article focuses on the application of computer communication technology and electronic information in artificial intelligence, and puts forward comments and suggestions based on actual conditions.
Research on Japanese Teaching Analysis System Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yao Jing
Published: May 2020

As one of the current popular technology, artificial intelligence has an important impact on education. Therefore, teachers need to strengthen the use of artificial intelligence equipment in teaching so that it can play its due role in education. Japanese talents are the key required by the current country. Teachers need to analyze their Japanese mastery skills in teaching to grasp the actual learning situation of students. At this time, teachers can use artificial intelligence Japanese teaching analysis system. This article mainly researches the Japanese teaching analysis system based on artificial intelligence, hoping to provide help for Japanese teaching.
Aesthetic improvement of sheet molding compound (SMC) composite plate by using natural fiber reinforced polymer (NFRP) like jute fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composite coating
Authors: Kekare Sujay , Jogi B F , Bhise Vishal , Nair Anoop
Published: May 2020

In current scenario, the use of composite materials in our lives has become very common and these are found in our furniture, transportation, education, sports, building and infrastructural system. Compared with conventional materials such as metal, plastics and woods, composite materials offer specific strength, specific stiffness and tailored material properties. Composites mainly classified as metal matrix, ceramic matrix and polymer matrix composites. Polymer matrix composites are used for low temperature applications such as automotive body panels, crashworthiness, bumpers etc. Mainly carbon, glass and aramid fibers are used as reinforcement for these applications. Nowadays, natural fibers such as flax, jute, coir, cotton etc. are also used for decorative and semi structural applications in automotive and furniture industry. Polymer matrix composites are mass produced by use of sheet molding compound (SMC) compression molding technology. SMC technology has been used in manufacturing automobile parts, electrical insulation cover applications, partition panels and many semi structural applications etc. The current trend of improving the surface appearance and mechanical properties of SMC’s can lead to even more applications such as exterior, structural parts and also decorative parts in automobile, furniture and other domestic applications. Automotive interior dashboard parts, door panel parts and other interiors need to be aesthetically appealing so that it feels pleasant to seat in the car. In this work, hand lay-up process is used for coating onto the SMC compression molded plate with jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite. Uncoated and coated SMC plates are compared by various characterization methods such as tensile, compression, hardness and surface roughness. Also visual appearance and gloss test were performed. Coated SMC plate has improved tensile strength, surface finish, gloss value and visual appearance. There is almost same compression strength and Rockwell hardness value obtained.
An experimental and numerical study of air flow pattern and temperature distribution of angular air distribution system in hospital operation theatre
Authors: Rahate Swati , Sarode Avinash
Published: May 2020

It is necessary to characterize the air flow pattern and temperature distribution in Operation Theatre (OT) to optimize the indoor air quality to enhance the high performance of hospital. Mostly Laminar air flow system is used in OT, which covered the surgical zone. The temperature draft observed between surgical and nonsurgical area which result in uncomfortable environment to patient and surgeon. To overcome such problem Angular Air Distribution (AAD) system is designed which covered the both area of OT. The performance of AAD system with varying inlet diffuser angle at constant inlet velocity on Scale model of OT is investigated with the help of CFD software and compared with experimental setup. Detail experimental investigation is done on a scale model of OT with the help of a smoke test and camera target method (CTM). Both numerical and experimental results showed a similar pattern of air and temperature distribution for the various design configurations.
A Review on Biological Building Blocks and its Applications in Nanotechnology
Authors: Jayachadran Shweta , Khetan Dhrriti , Pestonjamasp Kaizad , Sharma Aatur , Joshi Girish
Published: May 2020

Biological building blocks are the basis of living organisms and its potentials are gaining more attention over a wide range of applications. major biological building blocks that exist in the universe have been taken into consideration in this paper, which are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Due to their small size, they are such molecules which can be considered by the Nano level structures therefore have been incorporated in various applications of nanotechnology and microbiology. Taking into consideration the structural and chemical properties of these biological building blocks, further application on each individual biological building block has been covered in multiple fields, but mainly in the medical and pharmaceutical industry. The applications also concern optical imaging, precision measurement of biomolecules, Nano biomaterial synthesis and biosensors. Despite the various advantages of these applications like improved efficiency of various processes, the shared limitations of these applications stand to be difficult technique for synthesis and development due to Nano size dimension consideration. Thus, the future scope of use of biological building blocks in nanotechnology is very ambitious and promising.
Automotive vehicle clutch engagement characteristics for different types of force trajectories
Authors: Raghuvanshi D , Pare Vinod , Chouksey M , Rawal B R
Published: May 2020

Vehicle driveline of automobile, which transmit engine energy to the wheels, is complex system with nonlinear behavior. In manual transmission clutch engagement performance depends upon driver’s skill and is significantly affected by traj ectory of clutch force during engagement process. In this work different types of clutch force trajectories are analyzed based on engagement performance which can be incorporated in automated manual clutch system. A driveline of a vehicle is modeled using multi body dynamics software and simulation were carried out for different type of force trajectories i.e. linear, parabolic and spline, which is followed by clutch force during engagement. The results of simulation were used to analyze the quality of clutch engagement and vehicle performance by looking into clutch lock-up phase and vehicle launch. The clutch lock time and clutch lock speed for various types of trajectories were calculated and compared. These results were also compared with analytical results reported by researchers. The results would be useful in selecting appropriate type of clutch actuating force trajectories for automation of clutch system of automobiles.
A review on characteristics of natural fibre composite
Authors: Prakash Chaudhari Chetan , Bhole Kiran
Published: May 2020

Since the last we saw huge growth in innovation and research in field of natural fibre composite (NFC). Availability of Natural Fibres (like coir, abaca, banana, jute, sisal, cotton) are huge in India. It is not surprising that the natural fibre composite is attracting the researchers all around the world because of superiority of its compared to other fibre composites and their capabilities in wide range of applications. The present study aims at various applications of natural fibre composite and their mechanical characteristics. This review also provides the various aspects that affects the mechanical characteristics of natural fibre.
Application of advanced optimization techniques in the selection of optimal process parameters and failure prediction of anti-frictional bearings-A review
Authors: Wani C N , Dandagwhal R D
Published: May 2020

Engineering design generally considered as goal-oriented, controlled, conclusion making process to manufacturing a product. While designing a mechanical component, designers always consider certain objective like tensile and flexural strength, deflection, weight, wear and tear, fatigue, etc. It is very difficult to accommodate all the objectives govern by multiple variables in the design of components. For this purpose, concentration has been given on the optimization of certain components of the mechanical design specially bearing. Bearings are extensively used in machine to reduce the friction and enhance rotational motion. Any critical failure of it, would not only affect the overall systems performance but also its reliability, safety, availability and cost-effectiveness. Objectives like long fatigue life i.e. higher dynamic load capacity, rating life need to be achieved collectively in the design of the rolling element bearing. The objective of this article is to highpoint influence of the advanced optimization techniques in design optimization and to determine and understand various methods of fault diagnosis of bearings to accomplish superior performance and to withstand global competitive environment.
Design and Numerical evaluation of crankshaft of diesel engine for total deformation and strain
Authors: bhise Nishita , Ramachandran M.
Published: May 2020

The crankshaft is an engine component that converts the linear (reciprocating) motion of the piston into rotary motion. Features of a crankshaft include the crankpin journal, throw, bearing journals, counterweights, crank gear, and a power take-off (PTO). Crankshafts are machined through a sequence of automated operations that remove material using lathes and milling machines. Other off-the line processes include inspection, test and repair. High-count cylinder engines involve higher inertias, overlapping combustion events and torsional vibrations of the flexible crankshaft which strongly complicate the diagnostics. The equivalent inertias and stiffness’s of the system were calculated from drawings, modelling of the crankshaft with a CAD (computer-aided design) software and finite element method. Crankshaft is Internal cylinder pressure (or torque) estimation is an important engine parameter with significant implications for diagnostic and control applications in internal combustion (IC) engines. Many speed-based diagnostics methods employ models of the engine dynamics. In a dynamic model of a small four-cylinder diesel engine with the assumption of a rigid crankshaft is employed to estimate individual cylinder power production.
Design of three speed planetary gear hub system with gear shifting mechanism
Authors: Gupta Ankit
Published: May 2020

Today’s 21st century has come a long way in the evolution of transmission systems. This paper aims in keen understanding and conceptual learning of Epi-cyclic gear drive system for transmission of power. The results of planetary gear transmission system yields the key characteristics such as high power density and compact design. To improve the detailed understanding of multi speed planetary gear hub systems, the work in this research will primarily guide through the utilization of these unique systems via the design of 3-speed planetary gear transmission system. Further to better predict the very potential and economical manufacturing process of planetary gears, first, the traditional manufacturing of gears is to be understood and thereby, speculating the creation of 3-D printed metal gears that will more accurately react to changing revolutionary manufacturing technologies and transmission systems, and make more effective use of these basic principles of gear system. The main objective, being, to brief the designers and manufacturers to rapidly conceptualize these basic ideas in to physically possible innovative models for the sake of revolution of the present gear technology.
Automated Gas Cutting Machine Using Open CNC
Authors: Dandgawhal Aishwrya S. , Sudhakar D.S. S. , Patil Bhushan T.
Published: May 2020

This is to develop & investigate into an open CNC based gas cutting machine using freeware support to perform gas cutting operations on steel plates. A prototype for a low cost automation solution is proposed which will study the feasibility of a two axis CNC machine to improve the accuracy in implementation of gas cutting. The fundamental concept of CNC is still preserved but the operation is manipulated by a motion control system consisting of microcontrollers. This machine will provide a motion control system that provides the tool the freedom to be interpolated to interpolate various profiles. It is the independent system that allows integration of application programs, microcontrollers and drive circuits as well as G code interpreters. It is portable and user friendly hence suitable for all fabrication and production-oriented.
Analysis of Fuel from LDPE Plastic
Authors: Satav Himanshu , Kathoke Pramesh , Shah Utsuk , Deshmukh A
Published: May 2020

Plastics are perhaps the most important invention of mankind. Finding a solution to sustainably balance the usage to its environmental threat is now more important than ever. One possible solution, to make value added fuels by pyrolysis of waste plastics are discussed. Manufacturing of such fuels on a commercial scale can reduce the burgeoning plastic waste and meeting the ever-increasing fuel demand. A simple prototype to depict the pyrolysis and condensation process was constructed, and fuels samples from waste polythene bags and LDPE pellets obtained. Common physical and chemical parameters of the fuels were analysed with standard diesel as reference. The fuel obtained had some properties similar to that of diesel, and could easily be used as blends with diesel, without affecting its application.
CFD Analysis of Supersonic Combustion at Mach 2 with K-E Turbulence Model
Authors: Gupta K. K. , Singh A.P. , Roy Shantanu
Published: May 2020

This In this paper combustion of hydrogen under unsteady and supersonic conditions has been presented. The combustor having an injector for injecting fuel parallel to the base. The main flow is also parallel to the base. Modeling of this supersonic combustion has been done using K-ε model with Finite rate chemistry combustion model. In supersonic combustion time available is very short for proper mixing. Intensity of heat release, duct geometry, injection techniques, and mixture (fuel + oxidizer) quality and flow regime are the predominating parameter which decides the flame stabilization. This numerical result demonstrates that flamelet approach is suitable in supersonic flows. Combustion characteristics for injected fuel and supersonic air flow in combustor are presented in this paper. The result shows that the mixing quality increases flame speed almost linearly. The stagnation temperature reaches up to 2420 k in the combustor.
Design and Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Tank with Different Materials by Ansys
Authors: Senthil Kumar S. , Bibin C. , Ramachandran M.
Published: May 2020

Pressure vessels are used for large commercial and industrial applications such as softening, filtration and storage. It is expected that high-pressure hydrogen storage vessels will be widely used in hydrogen-fuelled vehicles. Progressive failure properties, the burst pressure and fatigue life should be taken into account in the design of composite pressure vessels. In this work, the model and analysis of hydrogen storage vessels along with complete structural and thermal analysis. Liquid hydrogen is seen as an outstanding candidate for the fuel of high altitude, long-endurance unmanned aircraft. The design of lightweight and super-insulated storage tanks for cryogenic liquid hydrogen is since long identified as crucial to enable the adoption of the liquid hydrogen. The basic structural design of the airborne cryogenic liquid hydrogen tank was completed in this paper. The problem of excessive heat leakage of the traditional support structure was solved by designing and using a new insulating support structure. The thermal performance of the designed tank was evaluated. The structure of the tank was analyzed by the combination of the film container theory and finite element numerical simulation method. The structure of the adiabatic support was analyzed by using the Hertz contact theory and numerical simulation method. A simple and effective structure analysis method for a similar container structure and point-contact support structure was provided. Bases for further structural optimization design of hydrogen tank will be provided also. The analysis will be carried out with different materials like titanium, nickel alloy and some coated powders like alumina, Titania and zirconium oxide. The results will be compared with that.
A comparative study of EMI shielding effectiveness of metals, metal coatings and carbon-based materials
Authors: Kittur Jeevan , Desai Bhavya , Chaudhari Rakesh , Loharkar Praveen Kumar
Published: May 2020

The increased use of electronic gadgets across almost all fields in the fast progressing 21st century has resulted in a new type of pollution. This pollution can be fatal for animals, humans as well as electronic gadgets. This new form of pollution is nothing but the electromagnetic interference or radio-frequency interference. When these harmful electromagnetic waves come in contact with the electronic devices, it causes them to malfunction thus resulting into damage of the costly equipment. Hence comes the need to protect the electronic gadgets and systems of commercial as well as defence fields from these harmful waves by providing a shielding effect. The review is a study of materials used for shielding like coated nano-fibers, nano-composites, metals, conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes (CNTs).
An insight of synthesis, stability and thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Verma Rajesh , Gupta Krishna Kumar
Published: May 2020

Nanofluids are emerging as more suitable heat transfer fluid compare to conventionally used fluids for transferring heat in various engineering applications. Nanofluid is a fusion of very small quantity of nanoparticles and host fluid with considerable stability. The presence of nanoparticles in host fluid significantly enhance its thermal conductivity, which leads to the improvement in thermal performance. Introduction of submicron particles influence the viscus behaviour of the host fluid. In general viscosity enhancement is not desirable as it imposes a penalty in terms of increased pumping power in many engineering applications. Presence of more than one type of nanoparticles in host fluids provide opportunities to enhance thermal conductivity with control over other properties of resultant nanofluid. The nanofluid having more than one type of nanoparticles termed as hybrid nanofluid are in focus of researchers for investigation. A large variety of hybrid nanofluids are prepared and their properties investigated by various researchers. This review paper is an attempt to compile the research work related to preparation techniques, stability analysis and thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids. The potential applications of hybrid nanofluids and challenges associated with it are also discussed.
An application of AHP for parameter importance evaluation for farm machinery selection
Authors: Karmarkar Abhijeet U. , Gilke Nandkumar R.
Published: May 2020

The farm machinery selection is a complex decision making task. It involves a variety of variables associated with farming which include social and economic aspects of the decision maker. The aim of this work is to develop decision support architecture for tractor selection process. Different parameters for selecting tractor were identified; their importance was studied by literature survey and evaluated with AHP. The study concludes that the parameter operation type receives highest importance in tractor selection process. Other parameters like, service, type of business, brand and cost are also important in tractor selection process.
A review on microfluidic devices for separation of blood constituents
Authors: Mateen Syed Abdul , Bhole Kiran S
Published: May 2020

This paper presents review of microfluidic device used for extraction of red blood cell, white blood cell, and plasma from the whole blood sample. . Micro fluidic based cell separation has various advantages as it reduces sample size, faster sample processing, has more sensitivity and low device cost as compared to the conventional method of blood cell separation. Basically there are two techniques for blood separation using microfluidic device, one is called active separation and another is passive separation method. The review highlights various cell separation methods. We will also take review on microfluidic based blood cell separation techniques. Separation of blood cells helps in clinical diagnosis and therapeutic research.
Effect of Stratified Charge Compression Ignition on Emission and Power Output- A Review
Authors: Gupta Krishna Kumar , Mogra Ashish
Published: May 2020

The emissions from the vehicles causes for severe air pollution which resulted the development of stringent regulatory norms. Therefore there is a need of improvement in combustion phenomenon to decrease the NOx and PM, as they are directly dependent on combustion. To improve environmental conditions which are directly affecting human health, all automobile companies are endeavouring to satisfy strict emission standards. In this context stratified charge compression ignition (SCCI) engines seems promising and developing its application by incorporating the different types of combustion mode with the help of direct fuel injection and by ranging its capacity to full load condition. Alongside SCCI, a new concept of multi stage induction and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) can be incorporated in engine to reduce emissions, increase power output and efficiency. Various parameters have been considered to understand the combustion process for developing an engine to meet the requirements. The effect of different variables influencing the combustion process is highlighted.
Effects of laser hardening process parameters on hardness depth of Ck45 steel using Taguchi’s optimization technique
Authors: Wagh Santoshkumar V. , Bhatt Dhananjay V. , Menghani Jyoti V. , Bhavikatti Shivnanda S.
Published: May 2020

Laser hardening is one of the reasonable procedures utilized to improve surface mechanical and wear resistance of target materials. This process is easy to use for improving surface properties of complex shape components with minimum time requirement. The beauty of this process is that it is possible to improve only selective surface properties without altering the remaining surface properties of bulk material. Ck45 steel has various important properties like hardness, superior wear resistance and frictional performance etc. These properties are useful in various industrial applications. The existing study is an attempt to analyse results on surface properties with the aid of process parameters of a laser hardening process on hardness depth and microstructure of laser hardened Ck45 steel the use of a design of experimental approach. From this analysis, it can be summarized that the depth of the surface layer hardness is maximized by controlling the laser beam power, laser scan speed and standoff distance, which improves the service life of Ck45 steel components hardened by laser. Comparing the experimental consequences with the effects of L9 orthogonal array approach, the proportion error was observed to be negligible with a higher co-relation coefficient (r2) of 0.905.
Development of bench top biaxial tensile testing machine
Authors: Jadhav Amar , Pillai Priam V , Jafri Salim
Published: May 2020

Development of new biaxial testing apparatus is carried out to study and evaluate the mechanical properties of different materials. Novel materials like biological tissue, soft plastics, fibers, wires, carbon nanotubes, smart materials, textiles, ceramics, composites etc. can be tested to evaluate its mechanical properties on the developed apparatus. The Developed apparatus will be used to evaluate mechanical properties. This apparatus will be used to characterize a material’s properties as a function of stain frequency, stress or a combination of these parameters. The equipment can be used to apply sinusoidal oscillating stress (load) which is applied to the specimen by actuators with the help of a servo controlled electric motors. The equipment has basic capabilities to produce static and cyclic multiaxial loading system. Generally, the test facility requires cruciform(Cross Shape) specimens which will be loaded orthogonal direction. Stress-controlled and strain controlled are two main techniques that are employed to test the specimen . As the stress-controlled analyzers are cheaper to manufacture (1) this technique will be adopted in the test rig. The test rig will be equipped with two mutually perpendicular actuators capable of incremental motions of as small as few microns. Each actuator will be equipped with a load cell to measure both tension and compression loads. The servo-electric actuators will be programmed to move independently or in a coordinated motion. Camera will be used to record and measure the strain produced in the specimen. Real world loading system can be created within the device to tests material capability in more realistic manner.
Analytical analysis on influence of dimensionless numbers in the thermal stratification of storage tank
Authors: Bhaumik Mainak
Published: May 2020

An analytical analysis has been carried out to understand the influence of dimensionless numbers in the thermal stratification of solar domestic hot water storage (SDHW) tank. Thermal stratification is the phenomena to maintain cold water layer at the bottom of the storage tank and above the cold water maintaining of hot water layer. In between cold and hot water layer one barrier layer is considered, which is called a thermocline layer. From the thermocline layer the heat transfer exchanging starts in between hot and cold water layer. The thermocline layer thickness starts increasing, which is undesired and non-beneficial from maintaining of thermal stratification of the storage tank. This degradation of thermal stratification of the storage tank cannot be eliminated fully, but only it can be reduced down somehow. Hence this analytical study analysis is about to know the influence of dimensionless numbers like Reynold’number, Nusselt number, Prandtl number on the thermal stratification of storage Tank.
Effect of process parameters on additively manufactured parts using FDM process & material selection: A review
Authors: Dandagwhal R. D. , Nikalje A. M. , Deore E. R.
Published: May 2020

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is second most widely used additive manufacturing process worldwide. Performance of the FDM system is highly effected by number of parameters such as environmental factors, material properties, part orientation and supports, machining parameters and working parameters. Working parameters specifically raster angle and width, layer thickness and amount of infill highly effect the mechanical characteristics of additively printed parts. Part orientation which is directly proportional with support generation, is mandatory requirement for hanging parts but it results in poor surface finish and require more post-processing. A proper selection of material is one to the key factor of success of functional prototypes produced from FDM system. Various materials categorized as biodegradable/non- biodegradable, biocompatible, water soluble/insoluble, etc. can be processed on considered system. A various commercial and open ware software’s can be used to identify optimum value of working parameters for best results. In present work, a comprehensive review has been carried out to check the effect of working parameters on the performance of the FDM printed parts. Study also supported by the understanding of the various materials reinforced by FDM system and new possibilities are identified for future work.
A Short Review on Automobile Dashboard Materials
Authors: Shinde Nitin Girdhar , Patel Dilip Mangesh
Published: May 2020

Day by day Automobile sector is going through new innovative trends in all aspects like design, appearance, performance and economy. While choosing an automobile for personal use, customer always look for aesthetics, economics and safety measures. First and far most part of an automobile that appears before user, is the dashboard. It acts as console for various components and holds the sense pleasantness of occupant space. In this paper a brief review of various types of material used in the making of dashboard is taken into account on the basis of detailed literature survey. Various types of dashboard are discussed along with their manufacturing methods. Ideal properties of a dashboard material are also taken into consideration. Testing techniques for dashboard materials are mentioned thereafter. Finally the concerns with the dashboard materials are highlighted.
Compression Strength Testing of Brick by FFT
Authors: Langade Sandip , Gilke Nandkumar , Patil Kashinath
Published: May 2020

Brick being major construction filler material, is manufactured by various processes using different materials. Traditional method of brick manufacturing uses soil as base material, which is molded in shape and then baked to strengthen the brick. Generally the quality of core baking is tested by sound test as per IS 2077. This paper describes the manufacturing of bricks made of various compositions of bagasse ash as base material and soil as a binder. The study also describes the effect of variation in parameters such as temperature and baking time on compressive strength. The compressive strength of core for the brick is checked by sound test which is performed using FFT analyser. The effects of these parameters on compressive strength and quality of the core baking were related with each other. The mathematical model was developed. The experimental results where validated by analytical method.
A Review on synthesis of AlB2reinforced aluminium matrix composites
Authors: Dayanand Samuel , Satish Babu B
Published: May 2020

In order to meet the demands of light weight high performance of materials in aerospace, automotive, marine and other devices, Aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) are developed. The combinations of matrix, reinforcement and processing route helps in proper bonding and uniform distribution in the matrix can be customized by the AMC’s. The properties of AMCs are considered to be the best alternatives for making light weight and high strength applications. AMCs can be prepared by different methods with various reinforcements which are usually metallic compounds of oxygen, carbon, boron, nitrogen and their combinations. Due to its very good stiffness, hardness and wear withstand, high temperature applications aluminium diborides (AlB2) holds attention in metal matrix composite. The paper tries to explore the capabilities of combing aluminium diboride reinforced AMCs with various methods.
Experimental study on enhancement of defect detection and defect size estimation in deep groove ball bearing
Authors: Patel Priyank , Patel V N
Published: May 2020

Rolling elements bearings are widely used in rotating equipment and machines to support load and to reduce friction. The presence of micron sized defects on the mating surfaces of the bearing components can lead to failure through passage of time. The large size defects on bearing elements can be detected/identified by time domain and frequency domain analysis of its vibration signals. However, it becomes difficult to detect local bearing defects at their initial stage either due to their smaller size or presence of noise. In the present experimental study, detection of local defects like crack and pits on bearing races have been carried out. Vibrations generated by healthy bearing and bearing having circular or rectangular defect on either race of bearing have been analyzed using MATLAB software. Signal to noise ratio of vibration signal has been enhanced through self- adaptive noise cancellation. Moreover, width of rectangular defects and diameter of circular defects have been estimated through ‘db5’ wavelet. The estimated defect sizes have been compared and validated through measured actual crack width or pit diameter. Accuracy of results proves that wavelet analysis of time domain signal can be used with confidence to estimate the width of fatigue crack and pit of the bearing races.
Finite Element Analysis of Automotive Drum Brake for Prediction of Wear of Friction Liner
Authors: Shinde Dinesh , Bulsara Mukesh , Mistry K N
Published: May 2020

Brake is a crucial part of an automobile, whose performance evaluation is always, been an important task industry people are looking for. The evaluation of performance of the brake experimentally is very complex and un-economical for each and every time. This led to development of a model using soft-computing to accurately assess the brake every time. This paper presents development of such a model for drum brake using FEA and experimentally validating it for its feasibility and reliability. An automotive drum brake is chosen for study and a FEA model is developed, deformation characteristics of the brake liner surface is drawn from it and presented in terms of mean nodal height at twenty different points on its surface. The brake liner with available material (composition) is subjected to experimentation using a test set up and its surface wear is measured using a height gauge and a holding fixture. Percentage of wear is evaluated by considering initial height (new surface) and final height (weared surface). The developed FEA model is remarkably close to the exact conditions, which can be confirmed through the experimental results.
Influence of nozzle hole diameter on combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine under pilot injection mode
Authors: Dave Hiren , Sutaria Bharatkumar , Patel Brijesh
Published: May 2020

Present work was divided in two different parts. In first part, an experimental study was carried out to analyze the effect of dwell on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics. Experimental data showed that shorter dwell results in improved specific fuel consumption (SFC) but with increased smoke emissions penalty. To overcome the disadvantage of higher smoke emissions associated with shorter dwell, an effort was made to reduce smoke emissions under pilot injection mode by changing nozzle hole diameter (NHD) while keeping rest of the injection parameters unchanged. In second part, this was done numerically by using commercial Converge 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool. In addition to baseline NHD (0.120 mm), two other NHDs i.e. 0.08 mm and 0.160 mm were considered. Numerical results showed that for given injection parameters, lower NHD resulted in faster evaporation of injected fuel as well as greater homogeneity of the mixture prepared due to better air entrainment inside fuel spray and hence led to overall faster combustion process. This faster combustion process subsequently reduced the time available for spray interactions. Therefore, in spite of getting further shortening of dwell in case of 0.08 mm NHD compared to other two cases, soot emissions were reduced by 87.2% when NHD was reduced from 0.160 mm to 0.08 mm. However, nitric oxide (NO) emission was found to increase by around 43% when NHD was reduced from 0.160 mm to 0.08 mm.
Investigation of a Magnet falling through a copper tube
Authors: Jain Sahil , Rathi Prita , Ramachandran M
Published: May 2020

Electromagnetic induction one of the most important concept around which most of the devices are developed around. My investigation explores the same concepts wherein a magnet falling through a copper tube depicts the same concept using a theoretical and experimental model. To be precise the research question is to investigation how the thickness of the copper tube affect the time taken for the magnet to fall through it. The investigation was done by dropping a magnet inside the copper tubes of different thickness and the time taken by the magnet to pass through the pipe of one meter length was noted. Moreover a theoretical model is devised using some concepts and equations. Using the theory the actual value of the gradient i.e.

1
ν

/w was found to be 120.58 m-2 s. in the investigation, the value of the gradient was found to be 116.89 m-2 s, which is only deferring by 3.16 % form the actual value. Therefore the investigation is accurate and reliable. Also the relationship between the thickness of the copper tube and the time taken by the magnet to pass through it is found to be linear, whereas the thickness increases the time taken by the magnet also increases.
Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Characterization of Basalt Fibre Composite- A Review
Authors: Nautiyal Mehul , Shrinet Aditya , Ramachandran M
Published: May 2020

In fibre reinforced polymers as well as fibre reinforced mortar, basalt fibre has been made an important replacement to glass, polymeric fibre and steel after its exploration. Now a day’s BF (Basalt Fibre) has shown a rise in its attention as a replacement for glass and CF (Carbon Fibre). Basalt is a type of rock mainly dark coloured volcanic rock, which is formed after cooling lava from the volcano. In the production of fibre, basalt rocks having SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) content of 46% is mainly used. Although basalt rock is found having various proportion of materials, only particular type of basalt rocks is used. The recently develop BFRP (Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer) manufactured from naturally occurring volcanic rooks shows tremendous advantages for example its recyclable, eco-friendly or does not harm the eco-system, consumes less energy in productions and as compared other types of FRP, has high performance to cost ratio. Therefore, pertaining to these advantages basalt fibre reinforced fibre has become a more reliable material to use in civil works or buildings various infrastructure. As steel material comes in contact to the corrosion, BFRP is preferred over steel as it has resistance to chemical corrosion as well as it is light weight also.