bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial Policies and Background in Editing Macedonian Edical Review and Bantao Journal
Authors: Spasovski Goce
Published: May 2015

Even in as small a country as R. Macedonia with limited resources allocated for science, there are many journals trying to establish good editorial practices and policies in publishing the scientific work achieved. Among the currently existing medical journals Macedonian Medical Review (MMR), ISSN 0025-1097, deserves to be elaborated as the oldest journal with continuous publication since its first appearance as the journal of the Macedonian Medical Association (MMA). Since its first issue, published in 1946, there has been an opus of some 4500 peer-reviewed published papers in more than 210 issues and some 80 supplements from various congresses and meetings. In this regard, great respect should be paid not only to the editorial boards, but also to the collaborators who have contributed to its successful continuity in all previous years.

In line with the needs for further development of the journal and possibilities for access to world databases, the Editorial Board of MMR has made every effort to improve and modernize its work as well as the technical quality of the journal. Hence, MMA has signed a contract with De Gruyter Open as leading publisher of Open Access academic content for further improvement and promotion of the journal and facilitation of the Medline application, so we do hope for the further success of the journal.

BANTAO Journal is published on behalf of the Balkan Cities Association of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs (BANTAO), ISSN 1312-2517. The first issue was published in 2003, ten years after BANTAO was born. Its appearance was an extremely important event in the existence of BANTAO. The first official editor of the journal was Dimitar Nenov, Varna (2003-2005), followed by Ali Basci (Izmir, Turkey) and Goce Spasovski (Skopje, Macedonia) as editor-in-chief since 2009. Over the years, the Journal has been included in the EBSCO, DOAJ and SCOPUS/SCIMAGO databases.

The journal is published biannually. Until now, 345 papers have been published in the past 11 years, in 21 regular issues and 3 supplements. It may be said that the journal is the “glue” between the nephrologists from the Balkan cities, reflecting the high quality research and scientific potential of Balkan nephrologists. The entire process of submitting and reviewing the manuscripts is electronically done and after their acceptance they are freely available (open access journal) on the website of the association and the journal: www.bantao.org.

In this regard, the current President of BANTAO has already signed a contract with De Gruyter Open as leading publisher of Open Access academic content for further improvement and promotion of the journal and Medline application for the further success of the journal.
Editorial Policies and Good Practices in Editing the Journal ‘International Medical Journal - Medicus’
Authors: Pollozhani Aziz
Published: May 2015

Ten years ago the Association of Albanian Physicians in Macedonia undertook the very brave step of publishing a scientific medical journal, Medicus, as a platform for publishing biomedical research papers. Medical journal MEDICUS is an international peer-review journal of biomedical science. The first issue was published in 2004, starting with publishing two issues per year. From 2013, the journal delivered three issues per year, namely in January, May and September. Editor-in-Chief of the journal is Prof. Dr. Aziz Pollozhani. This year marks the tenth anniversary since publication of the first issue of Medicus, a fact that makes us proud and happy.

The journal has its own official website (www.imjm.mk), where papers can be submitted and published in electronic form. In addition, the journal also comes out in print form to be distributed mainly in the region.

Taking into account the specific socio-cultural characteristics of the region, the journal attempts to promote research activities in the region, while seeking to serve as an educational tool to promote scientific work in such a setting. As a result, Medicus accepts manuscripts for publication in English, Albanian and Macedonian, with a mandatory abstract in English for all papers.

The journal Medicus represents a solid platform of biomedical sciences that will serve to advance scientific research and promote professional achievements in medicine.
Ischaemia-Driven Optimal Therapeutic Approach in Asymptomatic Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk: The Value of Clinical, Laboratory and Myocardial Spect Imaging Findings
Authors: Mitevska Irena Peovska , Pavlovska Jelka Davceva , Srbinovska Elizabeta , Bosevski Marijan , Zdravkovska Maja , Gorceva Daniela Pop , Zdravevska Marina
Published: May 2015

Background: We wanted to evaluate the presense of myocardial ischaemia in asymptomatic patients with high cardiovascular risk, the influencing clinical and laboratory factors and the impact of ischaemia on final management decision.

Material and methods: We evaluated 60 asymptomatic patients with high CV risk, who underwent SPECT myo-cardial perfusion imaging (MPI) for detection of suspected CAD. We used the 17 segment model for quantitative and semiquantitative scan perfusion and function analysis using perfusion scores. All patients had full blood laboratory analyses including lipid values, presence of albuminuria, rest and stress ECG. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of clinical and laboratory parameters on myocardial ischaemia prevalence.

Results: Stress-inducible ischaemia was found in 19 pts (33%), fixed defects were found in 13% and mixed defects in 9% of cases. The average ischaemia amount was 10%. Mild ischaemia was found in 12 patients (64%) - summed stress score (SDS) < 4, moderate ischaemia in 5 patients (26%) - SDS 5-7 and severely abnormal scans in 2 patients (10%) - SDS > 7. Severe ischaemia was only related to the duration of diabetes. Six pts with severe ischaemia had ST depression > 2 mm on stress study, and a higher wall motion index and LVEF fall > 5% during stress study (p < 0.01). Stepwise logistic regression analysis for prediction of stress-induced ischaemia showed OR 2.4 (95% CI 1.7?3.6) for stress-induced ECG changes and OR 3.9 for presence of DM over 10y (95% CI 2.3?6.6). Seven patients with ischaemia > 10%, were referred for coronary angiography.

Conclusions: MPI is a valuable method for preclinical assessment of myocardial ischaemia in patients with high CV risk, which can improve prognosis and guide treatment decision.
Retinal Complications in Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Screening and Management
Authors: Golubovik Milena
Published: May 2015

Introduction: Diabetic retinal complications are the most common cause of reduced visual acuity in persons aged 25 to 75 years. However, vision loss can be prevented or delayed if the changes are seen on time.

Aim: By analyzing literature data to create an algorithm for careful follow-up of diabetic patients, which would prevent progression of the changes and development of conditions leading to blindness. At the same time, this paper presents certain changes of the eye fundus and mode of their treatment.

Material and method: Analysis of studies published on diabetic retinopathy and screening conducted in developed countries, with creating an algorithm for follow-up of diabetic retinal changes and their management.

Conclusion: Timely detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy with application of protocols in developed countries as well as parallel correction of systemic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy will reduce the possibility of visual impairment in diabetics due to retinal complications. At the same time expenditures related to more complicated and less effective surgical procedures will be reduced along with the societal concern.
Role of Humoral Mechanisms in Etiology of Lichen Planus
Authors: Popovska Mirjana , Mitik Kristina , Grchevska Ladislava , Atanasovska-Stojanovska Aneta , Kapushevska Biljana , Muratovska Ilijana , Minovska Ana , Radojkova-Nikolovska Vera
Published: May 2015

Aim: To examine the role of IgA, CIC and component C3 as indicators of humoral immune response in the etiopathogenesis of oral erosive lichen planus (OELP).

Material and method: The study comprised 19 patients with OELP whose samples of blood, saliva and tissue were obtained after carefully taken medical history and clinical examination. Samples of oral mucosa were taken from the site of lesion, i.e. exclusively from buccal mucosa (1 cm in width and length), and from the deep epithelium as well as a segment from the lamina propria. Determination of immunoglobulins in serum and saliva, and determination of component C3, was done using the micro-elisa technique by Rook & Cameron, Engvall and Ulman. Determination of CIC in serum and mixed saliva was done with the PEG (polyethylene glycol) method. Determination of immunoglobulin A and component C3 in biopsy material was done with direct immunofluorescence.

Results: Levels of immunoglobulin A in serum in OELP during exacerbation were decreased (1.04 ± 0.49 gr/l) and during remission increased (5.92 ± 0.62) in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). Levels of CIC during exacerbation and remission were increased (p < 0.001), and component C3 levels were increased in both examined phases in the examined group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Deposits of IgA were registered in one (5.88%) patient with OELP and component C3 was registered in 3 (17.64%) patients.

Conclusion: Changes in IgA values, as well as CIC and component C3, may correlate with changes in oral mucosa emphasizing the role of humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.
The Rapeutic Effect of Proaftol in Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis
Authors: Stojanovska Aneta Atanasovska , Popovska Mirjana , Muratovska Ilijana , Mitic Kristina , Stefanovska Emilija , Nikolovska Vera Radojkova
Published: May 2015

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a quite frequent, painful, ulcerative disease that affects the lining of the oral cavity and has an unknown etiology. The aim of this article is to examine the impact of the medication proaftol on epithelization speed and severity of pain in patients with RAS. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study respondents were divided into two groups where one group was treated with proaftol spray and the other with a placebo. Aphthae considered for treatment had a diameter of 5-6 mm. The participants were given instruction on the use of the spray, two sprayings on the place of the aphtae 3-4 times a day. We examined two parameters in the symptomatology of RAS-lesion size (mm) and pain intensity (noted on four subjective levels: 0-no pain, 1-discomfort, 2-moderate pain, 3-severe pain). These parameters were noted on the baseline, the third, the fifth and the eighth days of examination.

Results: A significant faster reduction of the dimension of aphthous ulcers in patients treated with proaftol 3rd day p < 0.001, 5th day p < 0.0006, 8th day full epithelization in the control group. The magnitude of pain in the experimental compared with the control group on 3rd, 5th and 8th day was also significantly reduced: p < 0.0001, p < 0.007, p < 0.007 respectively.

Conclusion: The use of proaftol positively influences the rate of epithelization and reduction of subjective feeling of pain in patients with RAS. The action of propolis should be the goal of studies with a larger number of subjects.
Social Aspects Of Managing Homeowner Associations
Authors: Szczepańska Magdalena
Published: May 2015

The article calls attention to homeowners associations (HOAs), which are becoming the dominant organizational form of housing development. It focuses on managing HOAs, especially on the social aspects and determinants of the process. The author claims that in order to understand how HOAs function, it is absolutely crucial to take social aspects under consideration. The members’ involvement, relations between the tenants and cultural norms influence the effectiveness of collective action. Those issues are especially important for professional property managers. The aim of the article is to present social aspects of managing HOAs in Poland.

The article presents the results of a study on the social aspects of HOA activity. It examines and compares three organizational models of HOAs in Poland. One of them is self-managing, with an active board of the association that operates without external help; this model requires a high level of volunteer commitment. The second model represents HOAs jointly managed by the board and a professional property manager; this type is heterogeneous – the allocation of tasks and relations between the two players vary according to the level of the board's engagement. The last type represents a HOA that was not able to establish a board, thus its role is played by a professional property manager. In all three types, both organizational structures and management methods depend on the level of the homeowners’ engagement. The study indicates such engagement factors. HOAs are characterized by their typical operations, decision-making processes, information flow, the roles played by the board of the association and professional property manager, the level of volunteer commitment and neighborhood ties. The study also indicates satisfaction factors in terms of the property manager's service.
Beneficial Effects of Coenzyme Q10 in Reduction of Testicular Tissue Alteration Following Induction of Diabetes in Adult Rats
Authors: Kianifard Davoud , Rezaee Farhad
Published: May 2015

Background and Aims: Various types of infertility are associated with uncontrolled hyperglycemia and diabetes. Development of oxidative stress is one the most important factors in the alteration of spermatogenesis in diabetic conditions. Consequently, the reduction of oxidative stress with antioxidant compounds can be effective in the reduction of tissue alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 in improvement of spermatogenesis in adult diabetic rats. Material and Methods: 32 adult rats were divided into four groups of control and treatment. Coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg body weight - b.w.) was administrated to one control and one diabetic (intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg b.w. of Streptozotocin) groups. Blood concentrations of FSH, LH and Testosterone were measured. Histology of testicular tissue and sperm analysis were considered for evaluation of spermatogenesis. Results: Administration of Coenzyme Q10 led to increase of pituitary gonadotropins levels in diabetic rats. Testosterone levels were not changed significantly. Testicular morphology, spermatogenic indices and sperm analysis were improved in treated diabetic rats. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the use of Coenzyme Q10 has positive effects in reduction of spermatogenic alterations following induction of experimental diabetes in rats.
The Importance of Postprandial Hyperglycemia Position Statement of the Danube Mco Experts
Authors: Barkai László , Hâncu Nicolae , Jermendy György , Konstantinova Maya , Lichiardopol Radu , Moţa Maria , Tankova Cvetalina , Temelkova Natalia , Winkler Gábor
Published: May 2015

Both the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are increasing worldwide and over 60% of people with T2DM develop cardiovascular disease. There are many data supporting the view that glycaemic control plays a role in reducing cardiovascular complications. The relationship between hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular disease is complex with evidence suggesting that an acute increase of glycaemia, particularly after a meal, may have a direct detrimental effect on cardiovascular disease. Although control of fasting hyperglycaemia is necessary, it is usually insufficient to obtain optimal glycaemic control. A growing body of evidence suggests that reducing post meal plasma glucose excursions is as important, or perhaps more important for achieving HbA1c goals. New classes of therapies for managing post meal plasma glucose in people with diabetes (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) have shown significant benefits in reducing post meal plasma glucose excursions andlowering HbA1c. The individual properties of the various GLP‑1 receptor agonists might enable incretin-based treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus to be tailored to the needs of each patient.
Surgery of petroclival meningiomas. Recent surgical results and outcomes
Authors: Radoi Mugurel , Stefanescu Florin , Vakilnejad Ram , Gheorghitescu Lidia , Rosu Daniela
Published: May 2015

Petroclival meningiomas represent only 10% of all meningiomas located in the posterior fossa, but are some of the most formidable challenges in skull base surgery. We described our recent experience (2005-September2014) regarding the surgery of these tumors. We retrospectively analyzed surgical results and outcome in 11 cases of petroclival meningiomas. Most common symptoms in our series were headache and gait disturbance, while cranial nerves palsies represented the most common presenting signs. There were 8 females and 3 males, and the mean age was 52 years. Surgical approaches chosen for petroclival meningiomas in our series were retrosigmoid (9 patients) and subtemporal transtentorial (2 patients). We achieved total tumor resection in 5 cases (45%) and subtotal resection in 6 cases (55%). Overall outcome (total/subtotal resection) was good in 6 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in one case. One postoperative death occurred due to hemorrhagic midbrain infarction (9%). Complications were usually related to cranial nerve deficits: loss of hearing (2 patients), paresis of trochlear nerve (1 patient), trigeminal nerve (3 patients) and facial nerve (1 patient). In 4 patients these cranial nerves deficits were transient. In one case, a patient developed postoperative hydrocephalus and needed shunt placement. Despite the fact that complications can be disastrous, we considered that an appropriate approach, combined with microsurgical techniques and a better understanding of the anatomy, greatly decrease the incidence and severity of complications and make feasible a total tumor resection.
On traumatic brain injury epidemiological data collected from a county hospital in Romania and an estimation of psychiatric consequences thereof
Authors: Mittler-Matica Roxana
Published: May 2015

Introduction: Many aspects justify the increasing attention upon TBI and post TBI sequels. Material and Methods: The paper resumes statistics on traumatic brain injury (TBI) from a Romanian country district, collected throughout five years. Statistics in the literature that demonstrated the link between TBI and psychiatric disorders are extrapolated. Results: TBI is considered to be a risk factor for psychiatric disorders. As consequence, estimation of some post TBI psychiatric sequels is computed aiming to emphasize the need for psychiatric support and treatment in more organized multidisciplinary neuro-trauma management teams. Conclusions: TBI is considered to be a risk factor for psychiatric disorders which are a major cause of post TBI disability. The size of these psychiatric sequels in accordance with the existing literature can be approximated in a given population. TBI epidemiology analysis reveals hazardous impact on the overall health condition of patients.
Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage in children – ruptured lobar arteriovenous malformations: report of two cases
Authors: Tascu A. , Pascal C. , Florea S.M. , Iencean St.M.
Published: May 2015

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are lesions thought to be primarily congenital in origin, consisting of fistulous connections of abnormal arteries and veins, without normal intervening capillary beds and no cerebral parenchyma between vessels. In the pediatric population, AVMs represent the most common cause of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), with a high recurrent bleeding risk. The aim of this paper is to report 2 cases of ruptured lobar AVMs in children, presenting with spontaneous ICH. Due to the patients’ neurological status, the only imaging examination performed preoperatively was a CT scan, showing intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Thus, there was no MRI/angiographic examination to prove the existence of a brain AVM prior to the surgical interventions. Also, the cerebral angiography performed after the surgery showed, in both patients, no signs of residual vascular malformations. Therefore, the diagnosis of AVM was certified by macroscopic and microscopic pathological findings, with no brain imaging suggestive of a vascular malformation.
Appearance of isolated thrombocytopenia in a patient of acute subdural hematoma
Authors: Kumar S. Satish , Srinivas M. , Raghu K. , Shashidhar P. , Agrawal Amit
Published: May 2015

Thrombocytopenia in critically ill patients probably reflects the severity of the underlying illness and these patients have a higher mortality due to the severity of overall clinical status. In present article we report a case of acute subdural hematoma who developed progressive thrombocytopenia resulting in fatal outcome. A 75 year gentleman presented with history of sudden onset headache and lapsed into altered sensorium. There was history of trivial fall before he developed headache. The patient was deeply comatose with pupils bilateral 2 mm and reacting to light. Computerized tomography (CT) scan brain showed large right fronto-temporo-parietal acute subdural hematoma with mass effect and midline shift. Post-operatively he was kept on elective ventilation. On following days the patient continues to develop thrombocytopenia (Day- 3 Platelet count 75,000, day-4 60,000, day-5 25,000). Thrombocytopenia is a common but a potentially life-threatening condition problem and has been considered to play a role in worsening the prognosis of critically ill patients in intensive care unit. Few studies statistically examine the strength of the association between risk factors and outcomes related to thrombocytopenia, additional research is recommended to identify putative molecular determinants.
Post Traumatic Glioma – An association questioned
Authors: Chaurasia I.D. , Chaudhary Arpan , Verma Nitin , Chaurasia Ishant Kumar , Koshariya Mahim , Songra M.C.
Published: May 2015

Post traumatic glioma has been a matter of debate. Few reports favor its occurrence in previous head injury scar, subsequently developing into glioma. Here we report a case of young patient presented with headache, seizures and gradual loss of vision. On investigation found to have brain tumor. Patient had head injury occurred 3 yrs back. It fulfills all the criteria required to establish traumatic origin, further supporting the association.
Organizational Principles and Content of Early Foreign Language Learning in the USA
Authors: Biletska Iryna
Published: May 2015

According to the results of leading American scientists that convincingly demonstrate the effectiveness and necessity of early foreign language learning the features of teaching foreign languages at elementary level in the United States have been analyzed. It has been found out that the US government is working on the improvement of foreign language at elementary education all over the country. The attention is paid the languages that were not so popular, and now have obtained the status of “extremely necessary”, such as Arabic, Farsi and Russian, as they have become very important for the future participation of the state in world politics. The requirements for programs development of foreign language for elementary school have been described; such aspects as quantity of classes, curriculum project, teaching materials, teaching staff and knowledge of the students, the choice of languages, coordination and efficiency are taken into consideration. The short description of the content of foreign language teaching of elementary education has been presented. It has been indicated that success in foreign language learning as a device of foreign language communication depends on the level of listening, lexical, grammatical and spelling skills, as well as the abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing, which are defined in the program for elementary school.
Theoretical Framework of Leadership in Higher Education of England and Wales
Authors: Mukan Nataliya , Havrylyuk Marianna , Stolyarchuk Lesia
Published: May 2015

In the article the theoretical framework of leadership in higher education of England and Wales has been studied. The main objectives of the article are defined as analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature, which highlights different aspects of the problem under research; characteristic of the theoretical fundamentals of educational leadership, and presentation of classification of leadership models in educational sphere. Leadership in higher education has been studied by foreign and domestic scientists: methodology of comparative education (C. Bargh, N. Bidyuk, N. Mukan, A. Sbruyeva); continuous professional education (J. Barge, A. Kuzminskyy, N. Nychkalo, P. Lorange); leadership in education (J. Bareham, L. Danylenko, L. Karamushka, N. Kolominskyy, O. Marmaza); leaders’ training (A. Borysova, V. Ilromovyy) etc. In Ukraine this problem has not been studied yet. The research methodology comprises theoretical (comparative and historical method, logical method, analysis and synthesis), and applied (conversations and dialogues) methods. The research results have been presented: the comprehensive integration of leadership theories in the sphere of philosophy, sociology, psychology, pedagogy, management has been justified; the definition of leadership and distributed leadership, and their characteristic have been provided; the leadership models in higher education of England and Wales have been determined.
Literary Competence of Future Philology Teachers’ Professional Development (Based on the Educational Experience of Germany)
Authors: Bazyl Ludmyla
Published: May 2015

The author performs a theoretical analysis of the educational experience in philology teachers’ professional training in Germany in the context of solving scientific problem of literary competence development. Internal and external factors of this process have been determined both by socio-political realities, economic, philosophical, cultural, psychological factors, and the dynamics of the literary process in developed countries, content diversity of literary studies, methodological, aesthetic, methodological factors of mastering literature process have been emphasized. Particular attention has been paid to designing strategies for studying modern literature based on Bourdieu’s theory providing a detailed understanding of specific contexts and holistic understanding of the literary field due to metadiscourse analysis. Through the use of empirical data the process of literary field theory establishing in the German literature study has been explained, attention has been focused on reviewing the G. Grass’ latest novel by literary critics under the influence of external and internal factors of literary process development that specifies educational process of literary competence development.
The Formation of Future Socionomic Experts’ Conflictological Culture in Germany and Austria
Authors: Branitska Tetiana
Published: May 2015

At the present stage of Ukrainian society development there is a requirement for studying and the analysis of the maintenance of experts’ preparation in social, socially pedagogical sphere in foreign countries. Therefore the great value has research of experience in theoretical and practical preparation of the future socionomic experts in the universities of Germany and Austria.

In the article the formation of socionomic future experts’ conflictological culture and teaching features of social-pedagogically directed disciplines in high schools of Germany and Austria have been considered. The analysis of the scientific and pedagogical literature devoted to studying separate aspects of socionomic experts’ conflictological culture formation has been carried out. The standard-legal maintenance of future social teachers’ vocational training in high schools of Germany and Austria, in particular, features of curricula, their substantial filling, and also training specificity have been investigated. Presence of the conflictological component in the frame of future socionomic experts’ preparation has been designated, that allows students to raise efficiency of professional work in the future.

Improvement of the programs and subject content able to open peculiarities of future socionomic experts’ psychological pedagogical and conflictological preparation in Germany and Austria will promote formation of the modern competitive expert with a high level of conflictological culture.
Medical Informatics Specialty in the Developed English-Speaking Countries: the Terminology Comparative Analysis
Authors: Kobryn Nadia
Published: May 2015

The article studies the development process of medical informatics specialty terminology as the ground for further research into foreign countries’ experience, including the Canadian one, of specialists’ professional training in the field of MI. The study determines the origin and chief stages of the formation and development of the medical informatics terminological system. The author performs the comparative analysis of terms used by the world organizations on health care informatisation issues, particularly International Medical Informatics Association as well as medical informatics associations of the USA and Canada as the leading countries where qualified workforce in the medical informatics specialty is trained. The European and Ukrainian experience has also been taken into consideration. The results of the comparative study have shown that the English terms ‘medical informatics’, ‘biomedical informatics’ and ‘health informatics’ serve as the umbrella terms for professional training programs and include a set of subspecialties that identify diverse spheres of information technology applications to medical science and practice, namely ‘clinical informatics’, ‘bioinformatics’, ‘health care informatics’, ‘nursing informatics’, ‘imaging informatics’, etc.
Primary Teachers’ Professional Training in the System of Postgraduate Education in the Light of Differentiating Teaching: Irish Experience
Authors: Gotsuliak Kateryna
Published: May 2015

Different information sources, namely National Strategy for Higher Education to 2030 (Ireland), Introduction to Primary School Curriculum (1999), (Ireland), Primary Professional Development Service - Differentiation in Action, Ireland’s official postgraduate study website, the Strategic Plan 2012-2016 of Mary Immaculate College, Limerick University), have been studied. The mission of primary education in the light of differentiating teaching has been indicated. Main aspects of differentiating teaching have been highlighted. The correspondence between differentiating teaching foundations and primary school curriculum has been proved. Irish experience in professional training of future primary teachers in the system of postgraduate education in the light of differentiating teaching has been analyzed. Due to theoretical analysis of Professional Master of Education (Primary Teaching) (PME) postgraduate course’s aims the priority tasks of future primary teachers have been defined. Peculiarities of the postgraduate course of the Professional Master of Education (Primary Teaching) at Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick have been justified. Positive aspects of Irish experience in postgraduate education system, in particular professional training of primary teachers, have been defined. Perspectives for the Ukrainian postgraduate system as for professional training of primary teachers have been outlined.
Is nitrate a good biomarker of the nitric oxide status? / Este ionul nitrat un bun biomarker al producţiei endogene de monoxid de azot?
Authors: Croitoru Mircea Dumitru , Fülöp Ibolya , Fogarasi Erzsébet , Muntean Daniela-Lucia
Published: May 2015

A method of measuring in vivo nitric oxide (NO) levels is required to detect pathological conditions in which endogenous production is decreased or to identify agents able to release this biomolecule. Unfortunately, nitric oxide has a very short biological half-life and is very difficult to measure. Assay of the oxidative products’ of NO levels, nitrite (NO

Rabbits were used as experimental animals, a validated HPLC-UV/VIS method was used for speciation of nitrite and nitrate. The following substances were administered: blank; “negative blank”: phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN); “positive blank” (nitroglycerin); nitrite.

PBN administration significantly increased nitrate and decreased nitrite levels, nitrite administration excessively increased nitrate levels, while nitroglycerin (1 mg/kg) significantly increased both nitrate and nitrite levels.

Results show that NOx test cannot be considered accurate in acute nitric oxide status testing. Nitrite alone should be used as an in vivo released nitric oxide marker.
Serum erythropoietin level in anemia of chronic kidney disease - experience of a Romanian medical centre / Nivelul eritropoietinei serice în anemia din boala renală cronică - experiența unui centru medical românesc
Authors: Pop Nicoleta Dora , Bacârea Anca , Coroș Ligia , Dogaru Grigore Aloiziu , Hosu Ioan , Bacârea Vladimir , Nagy Attila
Published: May 2015

In this study, different aspects of anemia in chronic kidney disease have been observed, starting from the fact that the severity of anemia is associated with the degree of kidney dysfunction, the main cause being the erythropoietin deficiency, which is synthesized mostly by the kidneys. 58 persons were included in this study, 19 patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease, 18 patients with chronic kidney disease who received kidney transplantation and 21 apparently healthy persons. We evaluated the serum level of erythropoietin, serum creatinine, proteinuria, the glomerular filtration rate, the erythrocyte parameters and the correlations between them. The prevalence of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease was of 51.35%. The hemoglobin concentration in patients with kidney transplantation (12.4 ± 2.7 g/dL) and in non-dialysis-dependent patients (11.7 ± 1.4 g/dL) is significantly different compared to the apparently healthy persons (14.6 ± 0.8 g/dL) (p<0.05). In the case of the non-dialysis-dependent patients who were not treated with erythropoiesis- stimulating agents we found positive associations between the glomerular filtration rate and the number of erythocytes (r = 0.71), hemoglobin (r = 0.65) and hematocrit (r = 0.73), as well as negative associations between creatinine and the number of erythrocytes (r = -0.72), hemoglobin (r = -0.86) and hematocrit (r = -0.88). In patients with kidney transplantation and anemia we observed positive correlations between erythropoietin and the number of erythrocytes (r = 0.69), between the glomerular filtration rate and the number of erythrocytes (r = 0.78) and erythropoietin (r = 0.97), as well as negative correlations between proteinuria and the number of erythrocytes (r= -0.89), hemoglobin (r= -0.72), hematocrit (r = -0.72), and erythropoietin (r = -0.67), and between creatinine and the number of erythrocytes (r = -0.75) and erythropoietin (r = -0.86).
The efficiency of sodC gene / N. meningitidis detection in comparison with the classical methods for the diagnosis of meningococcal infection / Evaluarea eficienţei Real Time PCR TaqMan utilizând gena sodC / N. meningitidis în comparaţie cu metodele clasice utilizate în diagnosticul infecţiei meningococice
Authors: Nemescu Roxana Elena , Ursu Ramona Gabriela , Dorobăț Carmen Mihaela , Iancu Luminița Smaranda
Published: May 2015

Meningococcal infection requires a fast and accurate diagnostic method in order to correctly initiate the antibiotic therapy. The aim of our study was to assess the efficiency of Real Time PCR -Taq Man using sod C gene / N. meningitidis in comparison with the classical methods for the diagnosis of meningococcal infection - direct microscopy, cultivation, latex agglutination and blood culture. We have detected 24/44 (54.54%) patients with meningococcal infection. In both cases of patients with / without previous antibiotic therapy before admission, the AUC (area under curve) had the highest values for RT PCR in CSF and blood analysis. This sod C RT-PCR assay is a highly sensitive and specific method for detection of Neisseria meningitis and it would be useful to include this method like a multiplex in routine testing of patients with clinical meningococcal infection for other etiological agents also.
Serum Uric Acid Concentration in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Nivelul acidului uric la femeile supraponderale și obeze cu sindromul ovarelor polichistice
Authors: Leuștean Letiția Elena , Dimitriu Cristina , Fica Simona , Ungureanu Maria-Christina , Preda Cristina , Mogoș Voichița , Ungureanu Didona , Vulpoi Carmen
Published: May 2015

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk for the development of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Due to the inverse correlation between serum uric acid and insulin sensitivity, the measurement of uric acid may provide a marker of insulin resistance. Objective: To establish the relationship between uric acid and markers of insulin resistance in obese and overweight women with PCOS. Methods: Serum uric acid levels were measured in 38 PCOS obese and overweight patients and 30 controls matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric variables, plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results: No statistically significant differences in uric acid levels between PCOS and non-PCOS women were found. Serum uric acid levels were positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, insulin and HOMA. Following the use of stepwise linear regression analysis, BMI was the only parameter retained by the regression model, responsible for 42.1% of the variability of serum uric acid levels. Conclusions: In PCOS women obesity seems to be the main determinant of plasma uric acid levels. Insulin and HOMA are also involved to a lesser extent, but their role remains to be clarified by further studies.
Bearing Capacity of the Working Platform with Kinematic Method
Authors: Białek Katarzyna , Bałachowski Lech
Published: May 2015

Bearing capacity of the working platform for heavy tracks was analysed using Distinct Layout Optimization (DLO) method. The platform layer constructed from cohesionless soils is resting on weak cohesive subgrade. Different thickness of the platform, its effective angle of internal friction and undrained shear strength of the soft soil were taken into consideration. Kinematic method permits different failure mechanisms to be analyzed. Margin of safety for a given load and subsoil conditions was determined using two approaches: increasing the load or decreasing the shear strength up to failure. The results were compared with solution proposed in BRE recommendations.
Towards New Probabilistic Assumptions in Business Intelligence
Authors: Schumann Andrew , Szelc Andrzej
Published: May 2015

One of the main assumptions of mathematical tools in science is represented by the idea of measurability and additivity of reality. For discovering the physical universe additive measures such as mass, force, energy, temperature, etc. are used. Economics and conventional business intelligence try to continue this empiricist tradition and in statistical and econometric tools they appeal only to the measurable aspects of reality. However, a lot of important variables of economic systems cannot be observable and additive in principle. These variables can be called symbolic values or symbolic meanings and studied within symbolic interactionism, the theory developed since George Herbert Mead and Herbert Blumer. In statistical and econometric tools of business intelligence we accept only phenomena with causal connections measured by additive measures. In the paper we show that in the social world we deal with symbolic interactions which can be studied by non-additive labels (symbolic meanings or symbolic values). For accepting the variety of such phenomena we should avoid additivity of basic labels and construct a new probabilistic method in business intelligence based on non-Archimedean probabilities.
Leadership Competences in Slovenian Health Care / Vodstvene Kompetence V Slovenskem Zdravstvu
Authors: Kovačič Helena , Rus Andrej
Published: May 2015

Background. Leadership competences play an important role for the success of effective leadership. The purpose of this study was to examine leadership competences of managers in the healthcare sector in Slovenia.

Methods. Data were collected in 2008. The research included 265 employees in healthcare and 267 business managers. Respondents assessed their level of 16 leadership relevant competences on a 7-point Likert-type scale.

Results. Test of differences between competences and leader position of health care professionals yielded statistically significant differences between leader and non-leader positions. Leaders gave strongest emphasis to interpersonal and informational competences, while regarding decision making competences, the differences between leaders and other employees are not that significant. When comparing competences of healthcare managers with those of business managers, results show that healthcare managers tend to give weaker emphasis to competences related to all three managerial roles than business managers.

Conclusions. The study showed that in Slovenian health care, leaders distinguish themselves from other employees in some leadership competences. In addition, all three dimensions of leadership competences significantly distinguished the group of healthcare managers from the business managers, which indicates a serious lag in leadership competences among leaders in Slovenian healthcare
Clinical and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterisation of Children with Developmental Delay and Dysmorphic Features / Klinična in Molekularna Citogenetska Obravnava Otrok Z Razvojnim Zaostankom in Displastičnimi Znaki
Authors: Bertok Sara , Žerjav Tanšek Mojca , Kotnik Primož , Battelino Tadej , Volk Marija , Pecile Vanna , Cleva Lisa , Gasparini Paolo , Kovač Jernej , Hovnik Tinka
Published: May 2015

Introduction. Developmental delay and dysmorphic features affect 1 - 3 % of paediatric population. In the last few years molecular cytogenetic high resolution techniques (comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays) have been proven to be a first-tier choice for clinical diagnostics of developmental delay and dysmorphic features.

Methods and results. In the present article we describe the clinical advantages of molecular cytogenetic approach (comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays) in the diagnostic procedure of two children with developmental delay, dysmorphic features and additional morphological phenotypes. Additionally, we demonstrate the necessity of fluorescent in situ hybridization utilisation to identify the localisation and underlying mechanism of detected chromosomal rearrangement.

Conclusions. Two types of chromosomal abnormalities were identified and confirmed using different molecular genetic approaches. Comparative genomic hybridization arrays and single nucleotide polymorphism arrays are hereby presented as important methods to identify chromosomal imbalances in patients with developmental delay and dysmorphic features. We emphasize the importance of molecular genetic testing in patients’ parents for the demonstration of the origin and clinical importance of the aberrations prior determined in the patients. The results obtained using molecular cytogenetic high resolution techniques methods are the cornerstone for proper genetic counselling to the affected families.
Association of Average Telomere Length with Body-Mass Index and Vitamin D Status in Juvenile Population with Type 1 Diabetes / Povezava Povprečnih Dolžin Telomerov Z Indeksom Telesne Teže in Vitaminom D Pri Mladostnikih S Sladkorno Boleznijo Tipa 1
Authors: Tesovnik Tine , Kovac Jernej , Hovnik Tinka , Kotnik Primoz , Battelino Tadej , Trebusak Podkrajsek Katarina
Published: May 2015

Background. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune chronic disease where hyperglycemia, increased risk of oxidative stress, advanced glycation end-products and other genetic and environmental factors lead to T1D complications. Shorter telomeres are associated with hyperglycemic levels and lower serum vitamin D levels.

Methods. Average telomere length (ATL) in whole blood DNA samples was assessed with qPCR method in 53 Slovenian T1D children/adolescents (median age 8.7 years, 1:1.3 male/female ratio). Body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), glycated haemoglobin and serum level of vitamin D metabolite (25-(OH)-D3) and the age at the onset of T1D were collected from the available medical documentation.

Results. Results indicate shorter ATL in subjects with higher BMI-SDS when compared to those with longer ATL (0.455 ± 0.438, -0.63 ± 0.295; p=0.049). Subjects with higher BMI-SDS had lower serum vitamin D levels when compared to those with lower BMI-SDS (40.66 ± 3.07 vs. 52.86 ± 4.85 nmol/L; p=0.045). Vitamin D serum levels did not significantly differ between subjects with longer/shorter ATL.

Conclusion. T1D children/adolescents with shorter ATL tend to have higher BMI-SDS. Lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with higher BMI-SDS, while associations between vitamin D serum levels, age at the onset of T1D, glycated haemoglobin and ATL were not observed. Additional studies with more participants are required to clarify the role of the telomere dynamics in T1D aetiology and development of complications.
Support Group for Parents Coping with Children with Type 1 Diabetes / Skupina Za Starše Kot Podpora Družinam Pri Soočanju Z Otrokovo Sladkorno Boleznijo Tipa 1
Authors: Pate Tanja , Rutar Miha , Battelino Tadej , Drobnič Radobuljac Maja , Bratina Nataša
Published: May 2015

Objectives. Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Active parental involvement, parental support in the diabetes management and family functioning are associated with optimal diabetes management and glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to assess parental satisfaction with participation in the group and their perceptions of the impact of the intervention on living and coping with childrens T1D.

Methods. A sample of 34 parents of children with T1D participated in this trend study. The participants’ experience and satisfaction with support group was measured by a self- evaluation questionnaire, designed for the purpose of the present study.

Results. Quantitative data show that parents were overall satisfied with almost all measured items of the evaluation questionnaire (wellbeing in the group, feeling secure, experiencing new things, being able to talk and feeling being heard) during the 4-year period. However, parents from the second and third season, on average, found that the support group has better fulfilled their expectations than the parents from the first season (p = 0,010). The qualitative analysis of the participants’ responses to the open-ended questions was underpinned by four themes: support when confronting the diagnosis, transformation of the family dynamics, me as a parent, exchange of experience and good practice and facing the world outside the family.

Discussion. The presented parent support group showed to be a promising supportive, therapeutic and psychoeducative space where parents could strengthen their role in the upbringing of their child with T1D.