bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pensando en la tormenta. Carlos Vaz Ferreira y su visión del ultra proteccionismo en tiempos de crisis
Authors: Cerrano Carolina , García Álvaro
Published: February 2021

En este artículo se rescata un ciclo de cinco conferencias sobre “El ultra proteccionismo” dictadas por el abogado y filósofo uruguayo Carlos Vaz Ferreira en la Universidad de la República a mediados de 1932. El valor de sus apreciaciones sobre este “mal” que afectaba a la humanidad lo mantiene vigente en 1944 cuando volvió a disertar sobre este tema, una vez más en el marco universitario. Vaz Ferreira se hizo eco de la gravedad de la crisis del capitalismo, como voz referente en el Uruguay del centenario. Aportó una mirada defensora del liberalismo comercial. No obstante, dada la imposibilidad de su práctica generalizada en ese tiempo, se presentó como un “proteccionista racional”.
The slow release of BMP-7 at a low dose accelerates dental implant healing in an osteopenic environment
Authors:   Departments of Osteoporosis and Orthopaedic Surgery, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 3, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland, Hunziker, EB , Liu Y , Muff M , Haegi T , Shintani  , Lippuner K
Published: February 2021

The aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo whether bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) was able to promote and accelerate dental implant healing at a low dose in an osteopenic environment by using a delayed drug-release system. Skeletally mature Chinese goats, having physiologically osteopenic (osteoporotic-like) facial bones, served as an animal model. Dental implants were provided with a delayed-release drug-delivery system and BMP-7 was applied at three different dosages. The implants, inserted into healed extraction sockets, were removed 1, 2 and 3 weeks after surgery. Quantification of osseointegration and formation of new bone in the peri- implant space were measured histomorphometrically. Data revealed no evidence of any adverse drug effect at or near the implantation sites. After the first postoperative week, bone neoformation was minimal; after the second week, peri-implant bone formation appeared, particularly in the groups with low dosages of BMP-7. After 3 weeks, new-bone volume was the largest in the group with the lowest (near-physiological) dosage of BMP-7, also showing the highest efficacy of BMP-7. Other dosage or release modes were found to be significantly less effective. BMP-7 was highly efficacious in promoting and accelerating bone formation in the peri-implant space in a hostile osteopenic environment if released by a slow-mode mechanism over time at near physiological activities. Therefore, biological functionalisation of dental implants by a high-power osteogenic factor may improve their healing success in hostile bony environments (osteopenia, osteoporosis, bone atrophy etc.).
Potential biomarker detection for liver cancer stem cell by machine learning approach
Authors: Farzane Ali , Akbarzadeh Maryam , Ferdousi Reza , Rashidi Mohammadreza , Safdari Reza
Published: February 2021

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to identify putative biomarkers for identification and characterization of these cells in liver cancer.

Methods: We employed a supervised machine learning method, XGBoost, to data from 13 GEO data series to classify samples using gene expression data.

Results.  Across the 376 samples (129 CSCs and 247 non-CSCs cases), XGBoost displayed high performance in the classification of data. XGBoost feature importance scores and SHAP (Shapley Additive explanation) values were used for the interpretation of results and analysis of individual gene importance. We confirmed that expression levels of a 10-gene set (PTGER3, AURKB, C15orf40, IDI2, OR8D1, NACA2, SERPINB6, L1CAM, SMC1A, and RASGRF1) were predictive. The results showed that these 10 genes can detect CSCs robustly with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 97 %, 100 %, and 95 %, respectively.

Conclusions. We suggest that the ten-gene set may be used as a biomarker set for detecting and characterizing CSCs using gene expression data.
Cost-optimal single-qubit gate synthesis in the Clifford hierarchy
Authors: Mooney Gary J. , Hill Charles D. , Hollenberg Lloyd C. L.
Published: February 2021

For universal quantum computation, a major challenge to overcome for practical implementation is the large amount of resources required for fault-tolerant quantum information processing. An important aspect is implementing arbitrary unitary operators built from logical gates within the quantum error correction code. A synthesis algorithm can be used to approximate any unitary gate up to arbitrary precision by assembling sequences of logical gates chosen from a small set of universal gates that are fault-tolerantly performable while encoded in a quantum error-correction code. However, current procedures do not yet support individual assignment of base gate costs and many do not support extended sets of universal base gates. We analysed cost-optimal sequences using an exhaustive search based on Dijkstra’s pathfinding algorithm for the canonical Clifford+Tset of base gates and compared them to when additionally includingZ-rotations from higher orders of the Clifford hierarchy. Two approaches of assigning base gate costs were used. First, costs were reduced toT-counts by recursively applying aZ-rotation catalyst circuit. Second, costs were assigned as the average numbers of raw (i.e. physical level) magic states required to directly distil and implement the gates fault-tolerantly. We found that the average sequence cost decreases by up to54±3%when using theZ-rotation catalyst circuit approach and by up to33±2%when using the magic state distillation approach. In addition, we investigated observed limitations of certain assignments of base gate costs by developing an analytic model to estimate the proportion of sets ofZ-rotation gates from higher orders of the Clifford hierarchy that are found within sequences approximating random target gates.
Banks’ compensation policies under the global pandemic: Evidence from the European banking sector
Authors: Sylos Labini Stefania , Donofrio Francesca
Published: February 2021

In times of the COVID-19 pandemic, banks are in the spotlight. On the one hand, they suffer from the inevitable negative repercussions on their performances (McKinsey, 2020); on the other hand, they are called upon to support the entire economy with timely interventions (EBA, 2020a). Within this scenario, the attention to the remuneration of top managers grows even more than in the past. Banks are expected to review their top management compensations, to make them financially and ethically compatible with the general situation (Camuffo, 2009). This study aims to investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic incentivized changes in policies adopted by banks. In detail, we verify whether European significant banks, induced by the pandemic crisis, 1) introduced changes to remuneration policies and/or 2) adopted other measures – different from the remuneration ones. To that end, we analysed all official bank press releases published on websites during the first wave of the pandemic, using content analysis methodology. The results of our analysis show a wide spread of interventions carried out by banks to face global pandemic not so much concerning remuneration policies, but rather related to other areas, such as supporting the real economy, through donations to hospitals, volunteering associations or businesses in difficulty. Our paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a truly an up-to-date overview of bank reactions in times of crisis.
Influence of baseline inducibility and activation mapping on ablation outcomes in patients with structural heart disease and ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Cano Oscar , Pérez-Roselló Víctor , Ayala Hebert , Francisco Maite Izquierdo de , Osca Joaquín , Sancho-Tello Mª José , Martínez-Dolz Luis
Published: February 2021

Introduction:Stand-alone substrate ablation without baseline ventricular
tachycardia (VT) induction and activation mapping has become a standard
VT ablation strategy. We sought to evaluate the influence of baseline VT
inducibility and activation mapping on ablation outcomes in patients
with structural heart disease (SHD) undergoing VT ablation. Methods:This
is a single center, observational and retrospective study including
consecutive patients with SHD and documented VT undergoing ablation.
Baseline VT induction was attempted before ablation in all patients and
VT activation mapping performed when possible. Ablation was guided by
activation mapping for mappable VTs plus substrate ablation for all
patients. Ablation outcomes and complications were evaluated. Results:
160 patients were included (203 VT ablation procedures) and were
classified in 3 groups according to baseline VT inducibility: group 1
(non inducible, n=18), group 2 (1 VT morphology induced, n=53), and
group 3 (>1VT morphology induced, n=89). VT activation
mapping was possible in 35%. After a median follow-up of 38.5 months,
baseline inducibility of >1VT morphology was associated
with a significant incidence of VT recurrence (42% for group 3 vs.
15.1% for group 2 and 5.6% for group 1, Log-rank p<0.0001)
and activation mapping with a lower rate of VT recurrence (24% vs.
36.3%, Log-rank p=0.035). Independent predictors of VT recurrences and
mortality were baseline inducibility of >1VT morphology (HR
12.05 IC 95% 1.60-90.79, p=0.016) and LVEF<30% (HR 2.43 IC
95% 1.45-4.07, p=0.001), respectively. Complications occurred in 11.2%
(5.6% hemodynamic decompensation). Conclusions:Baseline VT inducibility
and activation mapping may add significant prognostic information during
VT ablation procedur
Direct detection of ESKAPEc pathogens from whole blood with the use of the T2Bacteria Panel allows early antimicrobial stewardship intervention in patients with sepsis
Authors: Drevinek Pavel , Hurych Jakub , Antuskova Milena , Tkadlec Jan , Berousek Jan , Prikrylova Zuzana , Bures Jiri , Vajter Jaromir , Soucek Martin , Masopust Jan , Martinkova Vendula , Adamkova Jaroslava , Hysperska Veronika , Bebrova Eliska
Published: February 2021

In the microbiological diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI), blood
culture (BC) is considered the gold standard test despite its
limitations such as low sensitivity and slow turnaround time. A new
FDA-cleared and CE-marked platform utilizing magnetic resonance to
detect amplified DNA of the six most common and/or problematic BSI
pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella
pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Escherichia coli) is available and may shorten the time to diagnosis and
potentially improve antimicrobial utilization. Whole blood samples from
hospitalized patients with clinical signs of sepsis were analyzed using
the T2Bacteria Panel (T2Biosystems) and compared to simultaneously
collected BC. Discrepant results were evaluated based on clinical
infection criteria, combining supporting culture results and the opinion
of treating physicians. A total of 55 samples from 53 patients were
evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity of the T2Bacteria panel was
94% (16 out of 17 detections of T2Bacteria-targeted organisms) and
100%, respectively, with 36.4% (8 of 22) causes of BSI detected only
by this method. The T2Bacteria Panel detected pathogens on average 55
hours faster than standard BC. In our study, 9 of 15 patients with
positive T2Bacteria Panel results received early-targeted antibiotic
therapy, and/or their antimicrobial treatment was modified based on
T2Bacteria Panel findings. Given the high reliability, faster time to
detection, and easy workflow, the technique qualifies as a point of care
testing approach.
A Pediatric Hospital-wide Asthma Severity Score (HASS): Reliability and Effectiveness
Authors: McBride Sarah , McCarty Kendall , Wong Jackson , Baskin Marc , Currier Denise , Chiang Vincent W.
Published: February 2021

Background: Asthma is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization in
the United States. Children hospitalized with asthma are often cared for
in different care settings during a single hospitalization. Our
objective was to study the reliability and safety of a new pediatric
hospital-wide asthma severity score (HASS) across different care units
within a single tertiary-care pediatric center. Methods. 150 patients
between the ages of 2 and 18 years hospitalized with a principal
diagnosis of status asthmaticus were included. Study patients were
followed from initial triage in the emergency department until the time
of medical readiness for discharge. Rates of medical errors, early
transfers to a higher level of care and medically indicated hospital
length of stay (LOS) were compared between 75 patients prior to and 75
patients after implementation of the HASS using retrospective chart
review. Inter-rater reliability was determined by collecting independent
HASS scores from blinded staff members after tandem or simultaneous
patient assessment. Results. Inter-rater reliability among untrained
staff members using the HASS was high. Rates of preventable adverse
events and medical errors were low and not significantly different
before and after implementation of the HASS. LOS was shorter after
implementation of the HASS but without statistical significance. Rates
of early transfer to a higher level of care were unchanged between study
years. Conclusion. The HASS is a reliable asthma severity tool that can
be used throughout hospitalization and also among multiple clinical
providers to trend clinical progress and optimize communication,
particularly during times of care handoffs.
Site-scale variability of calling activity of insectivorous bats: implications for passive acoustic monitoring
Authors: Bruckner Alexander , Greis Lisa
Published: February 2021

Detectors for the passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) of bats have become
invaluable research tools, especially for surveys, monitoring programs
and environmental impact assessments. However, little is known about the
small-scale (within-site) variability of PAM recordings and especially
about the influence of detector identity and distance, and of microphone
orientation on the statistical confidence of activity estimates and
species detection probabilities. We recorded vocalizations in a
homogeneous meadow with no trees, bushes or tall ground vegetation.
Eight detector pairs were arranged in an octagon, the two detectors of a
pair facing in opposite directions. The call sequences of eight species
were analyzed. The deviations of individual detectors from the overall
mean were generally small, but large outliers occurred both at the file
(temporal resolution: five seconds) and the night (resolution: one
night) scale. All devices detected the main temporal patterns of calling
activity in the study period, but three devices deviated systematically
from the others and the sensitivity of two devices deteriorated over
time. Detector orientation and distance were significant, yet small,
sources of variability. The probability of detecting the presence of
species correlated with species’ activity and ranged on average from 100
% for bats in total to only 18.8 % for the least active Myotis myotis.
The sample sizes necessary to achieve 90 % statistical confidence of
activity estimates ranged from 7 to 16 detectors and from 5 to 12
nights, depending on taxon. Increasing the number of nights resulted in
much higher confidence than increasing the number of detectors. We
recommend PAM studies of bats to frequently calibrate detector
sensitivity; deploying at least three detectors per study site; sampling
longer periods instead of deploying more detectors; randomly assigning
and swapping detectors among sites, treatments, strata, etc.; and
statistically scrutinizing the sample data, especially for outliers.
CD5 expressing CD8+ T cell subsets differ between children with Type 1 Diabetes and controls
Authors: Wadenpohl Josefine , Seyfarth Julia , Hehenkamp Paul , Hoffmann Maximilian , Kummer Sebastian , Reinauer Christina , Döing Carsten , Förtsch Katharina , Mayatepek Ertan , Meissner Thomas , Jacobsen Marc
Published: February 2021

Different lymphocyte subsets are involved in autoimmune pathogenesis of
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). Previous studies suggested a role of CD5
expressing T and B cells including rare unconventional lymphocytes with
combined T- and B-cell features (DE cells). We performed
algorithm-supported multi-parameter flow cytometry and quantitative PCR
to investigate immune cell subsets and DE cells in children with T1D
(n=20) and matched controls (n=20). Comparisons of conventional immune
cells detected increased proportions of CD3+ T cells in T1D patients
whereas CD19+ B cell proportions were comparable to controls.
Self-organizing maps for flow cytometry analyses (FlowSOM) showed highly
similar CD5 expressing B-cell subsets and no differences for DE cells
were detected between the study groups by flow cytometry or specific
quantitative PCR. Notably, differences in CD8 positive T cells were
indicated by FlowSOM and similarity-based tSNE analyses. Study group
comparison confirmed significantly reduced CD8+ T-cell proportions with
moderate or low CD5 expression in T1D patients. Finally, In vitro
experiments showed stable CD5 expression differences of CD8+ T cells
after T-cell activation, cytokine stimulation and culture. We observed
differences of T-cell co-receptor CD5 expression in T1D patients with
potential relevance for immune regulation of CD8+ T-cell activation.
Adolescent-Adult Non-metastatic Ewing Sarcoma- Experience from a large developing country
Authors: Bajpai Jyoti , Panda Goutam , Chandrasekharan Arun , Bhargava Prabhat , Srinivas Sujay , Laskar Siddhartha , Dandekar Sonal , Mokal Smruti , Rekhi Bharat , Khanna Nehal , Menon Nandini , Patil Vijay , Noronha Vanita , Joshi Amit , Prabhash Kumar , Banavali Sripad , Gupta Sudeep
Published: February 2021

Background Outcomes of Ewing sarcoma (ES) in low and middle income
countries lags behind the rest of the world owing to multiple tumoral,
logistical and socio-economic factors. The data of outcomes and toxicity
in these countries is sparse, especially in the adolescent and adult
(AA) population and merits exploration Procedure This was a
retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of non-metastatic
AA-ES patients, who received standard institutional combination
chemotherapy regimen (EFT-2001) along with surgery or definitive
radiotherapy. Various cohorts were analyzed for treatment-related
toxicities, event- free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results There were 235 patients (primary safety cohort, PSC) with median
age of 23 years. One hundred and ninety six were treatment naïve
(primary efficacy cohort, PEC) and of these 119 had surgery. In PEC, at
a median follow up of 36.4 months, estimated 5 year EFS and OS were
60.9% (95% CI 53.1% - 69.9%) and 84.5% (95% CI 77.7% - 91.9%),
respectively. Of these, 158 complying with intended treatment, had an
estimated 5 year EFS of 63.1% (95% CI 54.8%-72.6%). In multivariate
analysis, good prognostic factors included longer symptom duration, ≥
99% necrosis and treatment completion. Among PSC, grade 3-4 toxicities
were febrile-neutropenia (50.6%), anemia (55.3%), peripheral
neuropathy (15.7%), with 3 (1.3%) chemo-toxic deaths. Conclusions The
outcomes of AA non-metastatic ES patients treated with EFT-2001 regimen
were comparable to those reported by others, with acceptable toxicity
and can be considered as standard-of-care, especially in LMICs.
Metadata Made Easy - Develop and Use Domain Specific Metadata Schemes by following the dmdScheme Approach
Authors: Krug Rainer , Petchey Owen
Published: February 2021

1. Metadata plays an essential role in the long term preservation,
reuse, and interoperability of data. Nevertheless, creating useful
metadata can be sufficiently difficult and weakly-enough incentivised
that many datasets may be accompanied by little or no metadata. One key
challenge is, therefore, how to make metadata creation easier and more
valuable. We present a solution that involves creating domain specific
metadata schemes that are as complex as necessary and as simple as
possible. These goals are achieved by co-development between a metadata
expert and the researchers (i.e. the data creators). The final product
is a bespoke metadata scheme into which researchers can enter
information (and validate it) via the simplest of interfaces: a web
browser application and a spreadsheet. 2.We provide the R package
[‘dmdScheme‘](https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dmdScheme)
[@Krug2019] for creating a template domain specific scheme. We
describe how to create a domain specific scheme from this template,
including the iterative co-development process, and the simple methods
for using the scheme, and simple methods for quality assessment,
improvement, and validation. 3.The process of developing a metadata
scheme following the outlined approach was successful, resulting in a
metadata scheme which is used for the data generated in our research
group. The validation quickly identifies forgotten metadata, as well as
inconsistent metadata, therefore improving the quality of the metadata.
Multiple output formats are available, including XML. 4. Making the
provision of metadata easier while also ensuring high quality must be a
priority for data curation initiatives. We show how both objectives are
achieved by very close collaboration between metadata experts and
researchers to create domain specific schemes. A near-future priority is
to provide methods to interface domain specific schemes with general
metadata schemes, such as the Ecological Metadata Language, to increase
interoperability.
Association between arch perimeter management and the occurrence of mandibular second molar eruption disturbances:
Authors: Santana Lucas Garcia , Avelar Kimberlly , Marques Leandro Silva
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To investigate the association between the management of mandibular arch perimeter during development of the dentition and its effects on second permanent molar (M2) eruption.

Materials and Methods

Seven electronic databases were searched without restrictions up to June 2020. Assessment was performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non-randomized clinical trials (non-RCT). Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals was calculated from random-effects meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Results

Five non-RCTs, with serious to moderate risk of bias, were included. A low certainty of evidence indicated that individuals undergoing mandibular arch perimeter management by controlling the position of the first molar had a high prevalence of M2 eruption difficulties. The odds of eruption disorders was 7.5 times higher (OR: 7.57, [3.72, 15.41], P < .001) in treated individuals. Subgroup analysis revealed that appliances that increased the arch perimeter lead to a greater chance of eruption disorders compared to appliances that only maintained the perimeter. The predictive factors for the M2 eruption difficulty were its previous mesioangulation in relation to the first molar (>24°) and the treatment time (>2 years).

Conclusions

Mandibular arch perimeter management during development of the dentition leads to an increase in the occurrence of M2 eruption difficulties. The identification of possible risk factors as well as the choice of the appropriate appliance type and the monitoring of these individuals seems to be essential to avoid undesirable effects with this therapy.
Effects of different lingual retainers on periodontal health and stability
Authors: Adanur-Atmaca Rabia , Çokakoğlu Serpil , Öztürk Fırat
Published: February 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the effects of different lingual retainers on periodontal health and stability of mandibular anterior teeth at the 1-year follow-up.

Materials and Methods

One hundred thirty-two patients were randomly allocated to four groups using different lingual retainers: group 1, 0.016 × 0.022-in dead-soft wire; group 2, 0.0215-in 5-strand stainless steel wire; group 3, 0.014 × 0.014-in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing nitinol retainer (Memotain); group 4, connected bonding pads. Plaque, gingival, and calculus indexes were used to evaluate periodontal health, and Little's irregularity index, intercanine width, and arch length measurements were performed to evaluate stability. All measurements were performed at each time point (debonding and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months).

Results

The mean value of the gingival index obtained in group 3 was lower than the mean value for all other groups. The mean value of the calculus index was the lowest in group 3, and there was a significant difference between group 3 and groups 1 and 2. No differences were found among the groups in terms of plaque index, intercanine width, and arch length. The least irregularity was obtained in groups 2 and 3. There were no significant differences between these groups and groups 1 and 4.

Conclusions

Gingival inflammation and calculus accumulation were the lowest in group 3 (Memotain). The irregularity for Memotain and stainless steel retainers was less than or the other groups. However, no clinically significant worsening of periodontal health or relapse were seen in any groups after 1 year.
COVID-19 Infection Rate among Dental Health Care Workers
Authors: Tobias Guy
Published: February 2021

Background: First infections of COVID-19 pandemic occurred in December 2019 in China and then spread rapidly all over the world. In February 2020, the first Corona case was diagnosed in Israel, since then, three national lockdowns have been imposed. Israeli Ministry of health published guidelines for dental treatment during times of social distancing which include: 1) Questioning patients prior to admittance. 2) Increasing intervals between appointments. 3) Restricting number of people permitted in the waiting room to prevent crowds. 4) Wearing masks at all times. 5) Wearing long sleeve waterproof surgical gowns, goggles / face shield. Methods: Data from 54 dental clinics (MaccabiDent health maintenance organization) were collected between March and October 2020 regarding: 1) Number of treatments performed. 2) Number of health care providers participating in the procedures. 3) Number of patients with positive COVID-19 results. 4) Number of healthcare workers positive for COVID-19. 5) Number of paramedical and administrative staff positive for COVID-19. 6) Number of patients treated by dentists who later turned out to be infected by the virus. Results: 1,079 dentists and 354 dental hygienists worked during the study period, and performed 1.29 million procedures of these, seventy eight dentists treated 99 verified COVID-19 patients. 17 dentists (1.58%) tested positive for the virus. Conclusion: By following guidelines, the risk of transmission of coronavirus is minimal in the dental setting. Practical Implications: This article reinforces the evidence regarding the importance of education and following guidelines regarding infection control for dental professionals employed in public clinics.
Valores en educación universitaria: equidad de género en parejas de doble ingreso
Authors: García Martínez Flor de María , Bañuelos García Víctor Hugo , Llamas Félix Blanca Isabel
Published: February 2021

La educación es un requerimiento clave para el siglo XXI. Dadas las exigencias del mundo contemporáneo, la concepción de valores se encuentra dirigida al desarrollo de la personalidad del estudiante universitario, proceso complejo y contradictorio en el que intervienen diversos factores. Así pues, el objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en identificar valores en la educación universitaria que reconocieran la equidad de género en parejas de doble ingreso que laboraron en un departamento gubernamental del estado de Zacatecas en el año 2019. La investigación se desarrolló en un entorno cuantitativo de tipo transaccional. El nivel de investigación es relacional: se encontraron relaciones y discrepancias entre las variables de formación de valores y equidad de género. En los resultados alcanzados, se encontró, mediante la prueba de ji al cuadrado, relación entre el género y las actividades del hogar. Sin embargo, un índice sumativo simple de 91.07 % y 1.79 % consideró lo contrario. Por tanto, se concluyó que, en las parejas de doble ingreso que laboraron en este departamento gubernamental, existieron valores como la libertad, la igualdad, el respeto, la comunicación y la negociación, la equidad de género, los cuales subyacen a los derechos humanos fundamentales como forma de resolución de conflictos.
Periodical Name Changes in the Higher Education Forestry Institutions of Turkey
Authors: Sevgi Orhan
Published: February 2021

Forestry higher education has been offered since 1857. This study investigates the alterations made in the tertiary forestry institution names in Turkey under three periods: (1) between the years 1857 and 1934, (2) between the years 1945 and 1948, and (3) between the years 2006 and 2018. The Faculty of Forestry was under the Ministry of Mining during the first period, which later became a unit under the Ministry of Agriculture. In 1934, during the Republican period, it became a subdivision of Ankara Yüksek Ziraat Enstitüsü (Ankara Institute of Advanced Agriculture, YZE). All those changes in this period improved the reputation of the institution and the occupation. In the second period, tertiary-level forestry education was separated from YZE and incorporated into Istanbul University. The faculty members and the councils of the Faculty of Forestry were directly involved in the decision-making processes required by this change. However, the third period is marked by regulations that were made without involving any forestry education institutions and professionals. Due to the lack of a clear higher education policy, the names of institutions have not been preserved and the formation of an academic tradition in the forestry institutions has been delayed.
Time Management Skills of University Students
Authors: Akyürek Muhammet İbrahim
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine university students' perceptions of their time management skills. The research sample is composed of 384 undergraduate students studying in state universities located in various Turkish cities during the 2016-2017 academic year. The Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ) was used in the collection of the data, which was developed by Britton and Tesser (1991) and adapted to Turkish by Alay and Koçak (2002). It was found that students rated their time management skills as being at the "medium-level". In addition, it was concluded that there was no significant gender-related difference in their perceptions of their skill level in time management. While their perceptions of "time-attitudes" and "time-wasters" differed by gender, no such difference was found regarding their perceptions of "time planning". The study included only state university students as the research group. Similar studies regarding time management skills can be conducted with students or educators in different types of educational settings and levels of education. Furthermore, this study analyzed student perceptions of their own time management skills only by the gender variable. However, their perception of these skills can also be analyzed by other demographic variables such as socio-economic status, age, and department of study.
FEMINISM IN VERONICA ROTH’S MOVIE “DIVERGENT”
Authors: Dari Wulan , Lubis Fauziah Khairani , Hasibuan Juli Rachmadani
Published: February 2021

The study deals with Feminism in Veronica Roth’s Movie “Divergent” from three women character. The objective of the study were to find out the types of feminism and the roles of women in Divergent movie. The research method of this study used qualitative research, relying on the analysis and description of previous researcher and the studies of feminism. The data of this study were the utterances that can be found out from the script of divergent movie. The data of this research were analyzed by using Tong’s theory. The researcher found there are 3 types of feminism in three women character in Divergent movie, they are : 5 statements that are included in liberal feminism, 12 statements are included in radical feminism, and 3 statements are included in anarchist feminism. The role of women that can be found from three women character in Divergent movie was the role of women in domestic sector and the role of women in public sector. Keywords: Divergent Feminism, Movie
TABOO LANGUAGE EXPRESSION BETWEEN SELLER AND BUYER IN TRADITIONAL MARKET
Authors: Samosir Widya Nola , Meisuri Meisuri , Putri Citra Anggia
Published: February 2021

The study deals with Feminism in Veronica Roth’s Movie “Divergent” from three women character. The objective of the study were to find out the types of feminism and the roles of women in Divergent movie. The research method of this study used qualitative research, relying on the analysis and description of previous researcher and the studies of feminism. The data of this study were the utterances that can be found out from the script of divergent movie. The data of this research were analyzed by using Tong’s theory. The researcher found there are 3 types of feminism in three women character in Divergent movie, they are : 5 statements that are included in liberal feminism, 12 statements are included in radical feminism, and 3 statements are included in anarchist feminism. The role of women that can be found from three women character in Divergent movie was the role of women in domestic sector and the role of women in public sector. Keywords: Divergent Feminism, Movie
CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE IN DIALOGUE OF “LAYAR TERKEMBANG” NOVEL BY SUTAN TAKDIR ALISJAHBANA
Authors: MULIYANI TIKA , MEISURI MEISURI , ANDAYANI WIDYA
Published: February 2021

This research dealt with Conversational Implicature in Dialogue of LayarTerkembang Novel By SutanTakdirAlisjahbana based on Grice’s Theory and it was aimed to finding out the types of conversational implicature, and to describe why the certain type of conversational implicature becomes dominant. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data was taken from LayarTerkembang novelby SutanTakdirAlisjahbana, Then the dialogue of the novel as the data for the research. The findings showed that there were two types of conversational implicature in the procedures namely Generalized Conversational Implicature belong to 33 utterances and Particularized Conversational Implicature belong to 36 utterances. So, the most dominant types of conversational implicaturebetween the main characters in the novel was particularized conversational implicature because it more contained ambiguity, implicit meaning, conveyed an additional meaning, and their response did not relevant with every question and also it cannot easily to understand what he/she was talking about.
The heuristic capabilities of the family epistolary texts in the Russian Sstate
Authors: Shatokhin Ivan T. , Shatokhina Svetlana B. , Radchenko Margarita L.
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine the composition of letter texts by Von Wall and his family as a potential source for the study of everyday family life by a high-ranking official of the Russian Empire in the last quarter of the nineteenth century - early twentieth century. The methodological basis of this study is the historical and anthropological approach and methods of source analysis according to sources of personal origin. This article presents the results of Von Wall. The study of the legacy of von Wall and his family focused on three Russian federal archives. The authors found several groups of correspondence from the closest circle of correspondence with Von Wall is a special group consisting of epistemological texts addressed to Von Wall, his siblings, his wife and children. Some of the features of the composition of these documents are due to various circumstances such as the establishment of interpersonal relationships in his family, how to maintain correspondence, saving drafts and copies of his correspondence by von Wahl.
Human rights in the age of digitalization
Authors: Tchinaryan Elena Olegovna , Kuchenin Evgeny Sergeevich , Slesarev Vladimir Lvovich , Ryzhik Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: February 2021

At the very beginning of the 21st century, some experts agreed that the dispersal of the political and cultural initiative of network societies tends to reduce the unified control over political and cultural activities. This process leads to the accessibility of information to the general population and increases the scale of democratization of society. The accessible Internet environment has had a positive impact on the openness of information; however, it has harmed the protection of users' data. Gerald Cohen, a professor at the Georgetown University Law Center, who is an expert in intellectual property and copyright protection, recommends considering Internet utopianism through a system of legal values. It is important to note the utopianism that links the Internet network and human independence considering utopianism in the field of anonymity in more detail, as something that harms social institutions. Cohen also outlines the view that existing legal institutions are the basis for protecting human independence, as well as the importance of creating new legal institutions.
közvetlen demokrácia alkotmányos formái: magyar tapasztalat Ukrajna számára
Authors: Fedorenko Vladiszlav , Coklán Viktor
Published: February 2021

A cikket az Ukrán Alkotmánynak a nemzeti szuverenitásról és közvetlen demokratikus formáiról szóló rendelkezéseinek elméleti és gyakorlati modernizációja aktuális problémáinak szenteljük az Alkotmányozó Közgyűlés munkájának tükrében Ukrajnában. Elemezzük a 2011-es magyar alkotmányos reform pozitív eredményeit és a többi között a népszavazást, mint a közvetlen demokrácia egyik formájának a normalizálását az új magyar alkotmányban. Megalapozzuk a perspektivikus közvetlen demokratikus formák rendszerének koncepcióját Ukrajna számára.
Gerhard G. Hösl: A mediáció mint eredményes konfliktuskezelő megoldás elvei és gyakorlata
Authors: Bérces Viktor
Published: February 2021

A mediáció mint diverziós eljárási modell létjogosultsága és hatásfoka az egyik legvitatottabb kérdése a hazai és nemzetközi jogtudománynak. Gerhard G. Hösl tanulmánya ugyanakkor olyan pragmatikus módszerrel dolgozza fel e jogintézmény alkalmazásának folyamatát, amely komoly iránymutatást adhat a hazai jogalkalmazás számára is. A könyv gyakorlati példákon keresztül illusztrálja a közvetítői eljárásban résztvevő személyek számára irányadó magatartásformákat, a közvetítőként eljáró személy (ld. mediátor) lehetséges feladatait, valamint a szóban forgó jogintézmény előnyös hatásait.

Elöljáróban megjegyezném: a jogtudomány számos képviselője azon az állásponton van, hogy jelen eljárásjogi konstrukció derogálja a bíróságok presztízsét, míg mások a jogviták megoldásának hatékonyabb, gyorsabb és az érdekeltek számára minden szempontból kedvezőbb lehetőségét látják benne. E teoretikus vitapontok ellenére megállapítható, hogy a legfejlettebb uniós tagállamokban már rutinszerűen alkalmazzák e lehetőséget: Ausztriában több mint 4000 mediációs szervezet létezik, Németországban - Hannoveri székhellyel - 2003 óta évente országos kongresszusokat tartanak e tárgykörben, Svájcban kógens jogszabályi előírásokat hoztak a mediátorok képzési rendszerével kapcsolatosan, stb. Leszögezhető tehát, hogy e konstrukció igénybevétele növekedő tendenciát mutat, mégpedig - nemzetközi szinten - elsősorban a családi, az öröklési, a munka-, a gazdasági és a büntetőjog területén. A könyv tárgyát képező praxis jövőbeni fejlődése azonban természetesen a jogalkotó, illetőleg jogalkalmazó kezében van, teljes mértékben kikristályosodott gyakorlatról pedig még egy európai állam esetében sem beszélhetünk.
Crime Within the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice A European Public Order (Szerk.: Christina Eckes és Theodore Konstadinides)
Authors: Havas Lóránt
Published: February 2021

Absztrakt nélkül
Periodicity and positivity in nonlinear neutral integro-dynamic equations with variable delay
Authors: Belaid Malik , Ardjouni Abdelouaheb , Djoudi Ahcene
Published: February 2021

Let T be a periodic time scale. We use Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem for a sum of two operators to show new results on the existence of periodic and positive periodic solutions of a nonlinear neutral integro-dynamic equation with variable delay. We invert this equation to construct a sum of a contraction and a completely continuous map which is suitable for applying Krasnoselskii's theorem. The uniqueness results of this equation are studied by the contraction mapping principle.
Identifying Climate Change Adaptation Efforts in the Batutegi Forest Management Unit, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Christine
Published: February 2021

The Batutegi Forest Management Unit (FMU) in Lampung Province, Indonesia is beginning to observe the consequences of climate change. Meanwhile, communities in Batutegi are also suggesting that effects of climate change are becoming more prominent in their region. Indicators include rising air temperature and the increasing regularity of extreme weather changes. Studies show that land cover has decreased by up to 95% in the region. As these trends intensify, predictions note that the Batutegi reservoir and the productivity of the surrounding protected forests will be affected. This research examines FMU efforts to adapt to vulnerabilities from environmental and climate change. The broader objective of this research is to determine the appropriate climate change adaptation efforts, specifically regarding the management of sustainable forest protection. The method is conducted through regression analysis to identify significant variables and applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify priorities for planned interventions for climate change adaptation by the FMU. Based on regression results there were four significant variables, i.e. appropriate agroforestry initiatives, non-timber forest products, community institutional support, and local policy engagement. This research also considers various kinds of technologies of adaptation applied by local communities. Examining community efforts also presents possibilities for improving FMU institutional planning that is locally responsive. This is done primarily through agroforestry techniques and other community conservation practices. Based on the result of the AHP analysis, the findings highlight various programs related to agroforestry technologies as the top priority. Thereafter, priorities point to institutional development policies. Together, these priorities can form the basic considerations for developing climate change adaptation policies in Batutegi. These policies can be applied with, and by communities in managing forests through agroforestry, beginning with support for high quality seed procurement that also supports all phases of cultivation and supply chain through final product marketing. As a result, forest productivity and support for local income can form a robust approach for fulfilling community needs despite the effects of environmental and climate change in Batutegi.
The younger, the better? Speech perception development in adolescent vs. adult L3 learners
Authors: Nelson Christina
Published: February 2021

Whereas the belief “the younger, the better” regarding foreign language learning seems to hold tenaciously, studies comparing learners of different starting ages attest that in instructed (as opposed to naturalistic) learning contexts, a younger age of onset does not automatically yield better results. However, little is known about how multilingual learners from different age groups develop in their non-native languages over time. The present study thus investigates the understudied domain of perceptual development with seven adolescents aged 12–13 and seven adults aged 19–39 (L1 German, L2 English) over the first year of L3 Polish instruction (tested after one, three, five, and ten months). The sound contrast under scrutiny was /v–w/, which only exists in the learners’ L2 and L3. As expected, in the ABX task, adults performed better than adolescents in both languages at most testing times and generally showed a slight upward trend in both their L2 and L3 learning trajectories. For the adolescents, development was more non-linear. Further, a boosting ‘novelty effect’ was found for the younger learner group: After only a few hours of L3 instruction, they perceived the contrast more consistently and faster than in L2 and at any other testing time, performing within the adults’ range.
The relationship between inhibitory control and speech production in young multilinguals
Authors: Krzysik Iga
Published: February 2021

Speech production in multilinguals involves constant inhibition of the languages currently not in use. In relation to phonological development, higher inhibitory skills may lead to the improved suppression of interference from the remaining languages in one’s repertoire and more accurate production of target features. The participants were 20 sequential multilingual learners (13-year-olds with L1 Polish, L2 English, L3 German), acquiring their L2 and L3 by formal instruction in a primary school. Inhibition was measured in a modified flanker task (Eriksen & Eriksen 1974; Poarch & Bialystok 2015). Multilingual production of voice onset time (VOT) and rhotic consonants was tested in a delayed repetition task (e.g. Kopečková et al. 2016; Krzysik 2019) in their L2 and L3. The results revealed that higher inhibitory control was related to increased global accuracy in the L2 and L3 production. Moreover, higher inhibitory control was also linked to higher accuracy in the overall L2 production, but there was no significant relationship with the L3 accuracy. These findings suggest that inhibition may play a role in phonological speech production, however, it may depend on one’s level of proficiency.
Alveolar arch shapes and its relation to complete denture retention
Authors: Tarigan Theresia , Nasution Ismet Danial
Published: February 2021

The alveolar ridge consists of denture bearing mucosa, sub-mucosa and periosteum, and residual alveolar bone. After tooth extraction, the remaining alveolar bone undergoes a remodeling process that leads to morphological reduction and alteration, which results in the change in alveolar ridge forms. However, it does not change alveolar arch shapes. This literature review aimed to analyze the relationship of alveolar arch shapes with complete denture retention. According to House (1958), alveolar arch shapes classified into three classes: Class I-square, Class II-tapering, Class III-ovoid. Those three alveolar arch shapes have a difference in the denture bearing area, with the largest denture bearing site on Class I-Square alveolar arch shape. Some factors that influence complete denture retention are adhesion, cohesion, interfacial force, oral and facial musculature, atmospheric pressure, undercut, rotational insertion path, parallel walls, and gravity. The alveolar arch shapes can affect retention regarding the size of the denture bearing area.The alveolar arch forms with a wider denture bearing area provide more considerable surface contact between the denture and mucous membranes. The forces resulting from those factors of retention might produce more excellent complete denture retention. The square arch shape is the alveolar arch shape with the largest denture bearing area. Hence, the square arch shape is believed to have the best complete denture retention.KEYWORDS: arch shape; retention; complete denture; denture bearing area