bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberian Kombinasi Estrogen Progesteron dan Testosteron Meningkatkan Ekspresi Messenger Ribonucleaic Acid (mRNA) Reseptor Estrogen Alpha dan Androgen pada Vagina Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Dewasa yang Diovarektomi
Authors: Armayanti Luh Yenny
Published: February 2017

Masa menopause merupakan suatu periode terjadinya penurunan sekresi hormon ovarium (estrogen, progesteron dan tetstosteron) dan disertai dengan penurunan ekpresi reseptor hormon seks steroid, khususnya resptor estrogen alpha dan androgen. Perubahan dramatis pada jumlah hormon ovarium menyebabkan terjadi atrofi vulvovaginal yang ditandai dengan vagina menjadi kering, atrofi, dypareunia, serta gangguan bangkitan seksual. Pemberian Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) sudah diketahui secara luas dapat meningkatkan integritas vagina pada multipel sel didalam berbagai lapisan, tetapi data mengenai efek pemberian HRT terhadap ekspresi reseptor seks steroid masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa kombinasi estrogen progesteron dan testosteron meningkatkan ekspresi messenger ribonucleaic acid (mRNA) reseptor estrogen alpha dan reseptor androgen pada tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) dewasa yang diovarektomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan True Experimental â€“ Post Test Only Control Group Design yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Histologi Universitas Udayana dengan menggunakan 36 ekor Tikus Wistar dewasa (Rattus norvegicus) yang diovarektomi. Tikus dipilih secara random, kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama sebanyak 18 ekor (kontrol) diberikan diberikan 2,9 ml aquades per hari sedangkan kelompok kedua sebanyak 18 ekor (perlakuan) diberikan terapi hormon kombinasi estrogen (11Âµg/hari), progesteron (180 Âµg/hari) dan testosteron (360 Âµg/hari) dalam 2,9 ml aquades. Pada hari ke-31, tikus diterminasi dan diambil jaringan vagina. Ekspresi mRNA ERÎ± dan AR akan diukur dengan menggunakan metode real time PCR. Analisis komparasi dengan t-independence test pada data ekspresi mRNA ERÎ± dan AR posttest menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda secara bermakna dengan nilai p=0,001 (p<0,05). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian kombinasi estrogen progesteron dan testosteron meningkatkan ekspresi messenger ribonucleaic acid (mRNA) reseptor estrogen alpha dan androgen pada vagina tikus wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) dewasa yang diovarektomi.
PERBEDAAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA KELOMPOK WANITA VEGETARIAN DENGAN NON VEGETARIAN
Authors: Alit Pramartha Anak Agung
Published: February 2017

Anemia merupakan kondisi dimana kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dalam darah di bawah normal. Anemia masalah kesehatan global karena dapat menyebabkan debilitas kronik yang berdampak besar terhadap kesehatan. Banyak masyarakat berasumsi bahwa pola makan vegetarian dapat menyebabkan anemia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata Hb antara wanita yang vegetarian dengan non vegetarian.Â Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional dalam bentuk cross sectional yang melibatkan 100 sampel yang terdiri dari; 50 orang vegetarian dan 50 orang non vegetarian. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik kluster. Pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner dan pemeriksaan darah. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi; karakteristik responden dan kadar Hb, dan dianalisa melalui uji-t proporsi. Dari hasil uji tersebut diperoleh nilai p = 0,966 dimana p > 0,05 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan rerata Hb antara wanita vegetarian dengan non vegetarian. Adapun rerata Hb untuk kelompok vegetarian adalah 13,77 sementara pada kelompok non vegetarian adalah 14,07. Disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata Hb antara kelompok wanita vegetarian dengan non vegetarian.Â
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA MENGENAI DIARE DI WILAYAH KERJA UPT KESMAS BLAHBATUH II, KABUPATEN GIANYAR BALI TAHUN 2015
Authors: Bendhesa Wirananggala Nyoman
Published: February 2017

Diare masih berpotensi sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Diare menjadi sepuluh penyakit terbanyak di UPT Kesmas Blahbatuh dari tahun 2012-2014. Pada tahun 2013 terdapat 1017 kasus diare akut yang tercatat, sedangkan pada tahun 2014 terdapat 604 kasus diare akut. Pada tahun 2012, 40,3% dari seluruh kasus diare akut terjadi pada kelompok umur 5-14 tahun dan pada tahun 2014 57,8% kasus diare terjadi pada kelompok umur 5-14 tahun. Dalam upaya mengantisipasi masalah ini, UPT Kesmas Blahbatuh II melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan yang tercakup dalam program Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Program Promosi Kesehatan Masyarakat (PKM). Tetapi kerjasama lintas program di lapangan belum optimal terutama dengan PKM. Untuk mengembangkan program PKM yang lebih efektif, penelitian ini mengkaji sejauh mana siswa SMP di wilayah kerja UPT Kesmas Blahbatuh II memahami tentang diare dan bagaimana penanganannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan siswa sekolah menengah pertama tentang diare di wilayah kerja UPT Kesmas Blahbatuh II. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulanÂ  Maret-April 2015 dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectional deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari wawancara berstruktur dengan kuisioner. Responden Â penelitian adalah 46 siswa di wilayahkerja UPT Kesmas Blahbatuh II yang dipilih secara systematic random sampling. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Â program Â SPSS 22.0 dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan naratif. Berdasarkan analisis dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan,yaitu tingkat pengetahuan sangat kurang (58,7%), tingkat pengetahuan kurang (41,3%) dan tingkat pengetahuan baik 0%.Â
SUPRAORBITAL NEURALGIA: SEBUAH LAPORAN KASUS
Authors: Daniswara Maliawan Made Gemma
Published: February 2017

Latar Belakang: Supraorbital neuralgia (SON) merupakan penyakit yang memiliki kriteria nyeri kepala depan pada daerah yang dipersarafi oleh saraf orbital, sensitif terhadap nyeri pada celah supraorbital atau sepanjang saraf supraorbital, dan hilangnya gejala secara absolut namun sementara jika dilakukan blok saraf supraorbital. SON merupakan penyakit yang langka, sehingga melatar belakangi penulis untuk melaporkan kasus ini.Kasus: Seorang laki-laki 52 tahun, datang dengan keluhan utama nyeri kepala sebelah kanan sejak 7 tahun yang lalu. Nyeri dirasakan seperti ditusuk-tusuk dan menetap. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, keadaan umum pasien dalam batas normal, dan didapatkan daerah sensitif nyeri pada alis sebelah kanan dan sepanjang persarafan saraf supraorbital pada pemeriksaan lokal. Pemeriksaan radiologi dan MRI kepala tidak menunjukkan kelainan. Pada pasien kemudian dilakukan neurektomi saraf supraorbital. Kondisi pasca neurektomi pada pasien ini baik, pasien bebas nyeri, dan luka operasi terawat baik.Simpulan: Neurektomi saraf supraorbital merupakan tindakan yang aman, cepat, dan minim efek samping bagi pasien dengan SON.Â
POLA ASUPAN YODIUM PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI DESA KUSAMBA KABUPATEN KLUNGKUNG BALI 2015
Authors: Ita Diatmika I Kadek
Published: February 2017

Yodium merupakan zat gizi yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik dan mental. Yodium dapat diperoleh dari berbagai jenis pangan.Â Berdasarkan angka kecukupan gizi, kecukupan yodium untuk wanita dewasa adalah sebesar 150 Âµg/hari. Kekurangan yodium dapat menyebabkan berbagai kelainan seperti kelainan pada kecerdasan mental, pembesaran kelenjar gondok, serta gangguan pertumbuhan. Gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium pada wanita usia subur bisa mengakibatkan kelainan pada bayi yang dilahirkannya. Survei nasional pemetaan gangguan akibat kekurangan yodium diseluruh Indonesia pada tahun 1998 ditemukan 33% kecamatan di Indonesia masuk kategori endemik. Hingga saat ini masih banyak masyarakat khususnya masyarakat pedesaan di daerah Bali belum memahami pentingnya yodium dan pemenuhan kebutuhan asupan yodium. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelusuran bagaimana kecukupan asupan yodium khususnya pada masyarakat pedesaan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif cross sectional untuk mengetahui gambaran kecukupan yodium pada wanita usia subur di Desa Kusamba berdasarkan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah wanita usia subur di Kecamatan Dawan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara probability sampling dan diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 orang responden. Data diambil dengan menggunakan kuisioner Food Frequent Quitionaire yang dimodifikasi yang kemudian dilakukan konversi dengan program komputer Nutrisurvey 2007 untuk mendapatkan asupan yodium perhari dari setiap sampel. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh rata â€“ rata asupan yodium perhari wanita usia subur di Desa Kusamba adalah 167,5 mcg, wanita usia subur dengan asupan yodium kurang sebanyak 27 orang (30%), wanita usia subur dengan asupan yodium cukup sebanyak 63 orang (70%). Bedasarkan pola konsumsi, kebutuhan yodium dapat terpenuhi dari pola konsumsi harian kususnya sumber yodium terbesarnya adalah ikan laut. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan asupan yodium wanita usia subur di Desa Kusamba secara umum tergolong cukup.Â
KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM IKAN NAPOLEON (Cheilinus ndulatus Rüppell 1835)
Authors: Edrus Isa Nagib
Published: February 2017

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan masukan bagi kebijakan perlindungan jenis ikan rawan punah, seperti ikan Napoleon. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan dalam mempertimbangkan inisiatif moratorium penangkapan ikan tersebut. Metode penulisan menggunakan analisis kebijakan publik. Pertimbangan moratorium antara lain adalah bahwa perikanan Napoleon mengalami krisis karena lebih kapasitas usaha, lebih tangkap dan cara penangkapannya yang merusak, sementara kebijakan pengelolaan ikan Napoleon tidak kondusif dari sisi lingkungan hidup, hukum dan penegakan hukum. Lebih jauh statusnya sudah digolongkan rawan punah oleh UNEP dan dibutuhkan pengelolaan yang lebih berhati-hati. Ketidak-beruntungannya adalah telah terjadi penangkapan ilegal dan tidak terdata dalam sistem transpotasinya. Kuota penangkapan ikan Napoleon hanya mengatur perdagangan global, tetapi peraturan pengelolaan yang bersifat domestik membutuhkan aturan yang lebih serius untukmenyelamatkan ikan Napoleon dari kepunahan. Inisiatif perlindungan jenis satwa rawan punah memiliki dasar hukum hingga disarankan untuk menetapkan moratorium berjangka. Sosialisasi merupakan langkah penting untuk mendapatkan penerimaan masyarakat atas moratorium. Monitoring dan evaluasi merupakan bagian siklus dari moratorium untuk melihat kemajuan dan perbaikan manajemen.This paper is aime to make a sinthesis of policy of endangered species protection, such as Hump Head Wrasse (HHW). This will be usefull for the Ministry for Marine and Fishery to decide a moratorium inisiative for the fish. A method used is the publicpolicy analysis. Some of judgements for making moratorium are that HHW fisheries were under crisis condition due to over capacity, over fishing and destructive fishing, while Napoleon fishery management was being worse for circumstances of living environment, law and law enforcement. Furthermore, HHW was listed in endanger species by UNEP and needed to carefully management. Unfortunatelly, it was happened the Illegal, Unregulated and Unmonitored (IUU) fishing. Napoleon Fishing quota was only for global market regulation; however, domestically management regulation was needed a serious protocol to keep Napoleon save from losses. More protective manner for endanger wilds have the regulation willing to use in decision making for moratorium. Moratorium translations for publics are potential suggestion to get social acceptances and understanding. Monitoring and evaluation include in moratorium cyclus to identity progress and improve management.
Die popperschen Herausforderungen für den Materialismus
Authors: Grygianiec Mariusz
Published: February 2017

Das Ziel dieses Textes ist die Darstellung und Analyse von zwei Argumenten gegen den Materialismus, die durch Karl R. Popper inspiriert sind. Der Leitgedanke dieser Argumente erschien ursprünglich in seinem kurzen Artikel Language and the body-mind problem und wurde später in The self and its brain wiederholt. Nach dem ersten Argument kann kein materialistischer Standpunkt, der eine kausale Theorie des Geistes nach sich zieht, die Natur einer rationalen Begründung von Überzeugungen erklären, und dementsprechend verliert der materialistische Standpunkt selbst seine rationale Begründung. Mit dem zweiten Argument wird versucht zu beweisen, dass es keine rein materialistische, kausale Erklärung der Intentionalität gibt. Im Text werden einzelne Prämissen der genannten Argumente rekonstruiert und anschließend analysiert. Am Ende erfolgt eine kurze Beurteilung der besprochenen Argumente.
Die Lehrerin. Weibliche Beamte und das Zölibat
Authors: Reh Sabine
Published: February 2017

«Im Post- und Telegraphendienst, in der öffentlichen Schule, also in den Staatsbetrieben, ist das Cölibat unbedingtes Erfordernis für die Anstellung der Frau. Ein Erlaß des preußischen Kultusministers v. 15. Juli 1892. U. III C. 2322 bestimmt ausdrücklich: In Zukunft ist in den Urkunden über die Berufung von Lehrerinnen die Bestimmung aufzunehmen, daß die feste Anstellung der betr. Lehrerin im Falle ihrer Verheiratung mit dem Schlusse des Schulhalbjahres ihr Ende erreicht. Somit ist die im öffentlichen Dienst stehende Frau von Ehe- und Mutterschaft ausgeschlossen, und man spricht mit Recht von ‹Staatscölibatären›.»
Front Matter
Authors: Editor IJAL
Published: February 2017

Front cover, list of reviewers, and contents
Sizing and Economic Analysis of Standalone PEM Fuel Cell Systems for Residential Utilization
Authors: M. Imam Sherif , M. Azmy Ahmed
Published: February 2017

This study discusses the economic utilization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based on cost of energy (COE) to supply residential electrical and thermal loads. The fuel cell system is sized using simplified mathematical expressions considering the stack degradation and the system salvage value at the end of its life time. The study is based on a 5 kWh/day residential loads with a peak load power of 1300W. Two scenarios for economic survey are studied. The first scenario is to find the commercial price for each FC component considering that the supply fuel is hydrogen. The other scenario is for a complete FC system commercial price considering that the supply fuel is natural gas. The economic analyses are based on the actual sale prices in the market. The COE of the fuel cell system is compared with previous work by the authors for the same residential ratings but supplied from a stand-alone photo voltaic system (SAPV). The analysis results show that the COE relies heavily on the capital cost of the system.
Study of endometrial histopathology in women with abnormal uterine bleeding
Authors: Gopalan Ushadevi , Rajendiran Sathiyakala , Ranganathan Karnaboopathy
Published: February 2017

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is a major gynaecological problem accounting for 33% of Gynaec outpatients. The cause of the bleeding is established in only 50-60% of the cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the various histopathological patterns in the endometrial biopsy of patients presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding and to determine the specific pathology in the different age groups.Methods: This was a prospective study done in a tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of 2 years. Total of 905 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were included in the study and they were subjected to a Dilatation and Curettage. Histopathological examination of the endometrial biopsy was done and the various histopathological patterns identified and classified.Results: The age of patients ranged from 24-74 years. 54.7% were in the age group 40-49 years followed by 23.4% in the age group 30-39 years. The most frequent findings were proliferative findings in 47.3% followed by secretory endometrium in 16.1 % patients. Proliferative endometrium was more common in the age group 40-49 years as also disordered proliferation, secretory endometrium, cystoglandular hyperplasia and endometrial hyperplasia.Conclusions: Endometrial curettings and biopsy is an important diagnostic procedure for assessing all cases of abnormal uterine bleeding and to plan for successful management.
Functional outcomes following various reconstructive methods following various forms of maxillectomies- a tertiary centre experience
Authors: Shankar Amritha Prabha , B. R. Keerthi , M. S. Ganesh
Published: February 2017

Background: The maxilla is the pivotal structure of the midface, separating the oral, antral, and orbital cavities, and providing support to the globes, lower eyelids, cheeks, lips, and nose. In addition, the maxilla play a critical role in speech, swallowing, and mastication. To evaluate the functional outcomes following various reconstructive methods following various forms of maxillectomiesMethods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients who underwent various forms of maxillectomies from January 2011 to December 2013. Postmaxillectomy defects were managed by either prosthesis or local flaps.Results: Forty patients had various forms of maxillectomies. Fifteen patients had Browns class 1 maxilectomy and all of these patients underwent reconstruction with Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Ten patients underwent class 2a maxillectomy and reconstruction with obturator and Split skin thickness grafting. Nine patients underwent class 3a-b resection and four patients class 4a-b resection and all had reconstruction with temporalis myofascial flap. Two patients underwent orbitomaxillary resection with palate preserved and reconstruction with temporalis myofascial and forehead flap. Mean follow up period was 8 months (Range 6- 24 months). Two patients developed moderate grade of trismus after completion of radiotherapy.  One patient developed recurrence in neck after 6 months of completion of adjuvant radiotherapy. All had moderate to fair speech and eating function which improved over time.Conclusions: There was no difference between flap reconstruction or obturator intervention of maxillary defects in speech and eating function. Small and lateral defects are better reconstructed with obturator and defects involving orbit and total maxilla are better reconstructed with regional flaps. Hence even in the era of microvascular flaps, obturator and regional flaps can still be considered for reconstruction of maxillectomy defects with fairly good outcome.
A comparative study between laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in cases of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis: one year experience in tertiary care center
Authors: Shukla Ashutosh , Seth Sharad , Ranjan Alok
Published: February 2017

Background: Gall stones are a major cause of morbidity all over the world. Until the end of 1980’s, open cholecystectomy was the gold standard for treatment of stones in the gall bladder. Laparoscopy has revolutionized surgery causing a re-evaluation of treatment strategies including cholecystectomy, however, it is not completely devoid of pitfalls. This study was undertaken to determine whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be recommended over open cholecystectomy as the procedure of choice for the treatment of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis.Methods: This study included a total of 100 patients in the age group 20-70 years diagnosed as calculous cholecystitis on ultrasonography and admitted to the surgical wards of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India between November 2014 to October 2015. They were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 50) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and Group II (n = 50) who underwent open cholecystectomy.Results: A comparison of the two groups showed that the duration of surgery was significantly more in Group I (mean 52.32 minutes) as compared to Group II (mean 37.66 minutes) (p <0.001). There was <100 ml blood loss in the majority of Group I cases (94%), however, in Group II, majority had blood loss ≥100 ml (96%) (p <0.001). Mean duration of post-operative pain was 14.68 hours in group I and 27.92 hours in group II (p <0.001). Time taken to restoration of oral feeds, was less in group I (mean 11.68 hours) as compared to group II (mean 17.24 hours). Post-operative hospital stay was a mean of 1.18±0.52 days in Group I and a mean of 4.78±1.42 days in Group II (p<0.001). The time taken for resumption of normal activity was two days and three days (p <0.001) in group I and II respectively. In Group I, average cost of treatment was rupees 10870, but in Group II it was significantly more at rupees 12152 (p = 0.007).Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a surgical procedure can be recommended over open cholecystectomy in carefully selected patients of gall stone disease.
Sinonasal tumours: a clinical study and management
Authors: Sawant Shweta , Megalamani Somanath B.
Published: February 2017

Background: Sinonasal tumours are rare. Malignant lesions are more common than benign ones and prognosis is grave. This study was undertaken to understand clinical and histological features in addition to diagnostic workup, treatment outcomes, survival and prognostic factors of sinonasal tumours.Methods: Time bound descriptive study at Department of ENT, KIMS, HUBLI, of 31 patients presenting with features suggestive of sinonasal tumours from October 2014 to September 2016. All patients were subjected to diagnostic nasal endoscopy, biopsy and radiological assessment of nose and paranasal Sinuses.Results: 31 patients with sinonasal tumours were included in study group. Male patients outnumbered the female patients (2.4:1). Cigarette smoking was found to be important risk factor and was statistically significant(p<0.05). Patients mainly presented with complaints like nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, headache, hyposmia/ anosmia, facial swelling, facial pain, etc. Malignant tumours were more than benign tumours. JNA and IP were most common among benign and SCC was most common among malignant tumours.Conclusions: Sinonasal tumours are rare. Early diagnosis is important. Nasal endoscopic examination and CT scan can diagnose sinonasal tumours at an early stage. With many etiological factors analysed, cigarette smoking was found to be an important risk factor even for sinonasal tumours.
Role of uterine artery embolisation in the treatment of symptomatic fibroids
Authors: Ingole Shivraj M. , Chavan Reshma P. , Pant Rochan , Malvadkar Sharad M.
Published: February 2017

Background: Uterine fibroids are the most common tumor in the female reproductive tract with high incidence of 40%. The objectives were to evaluate the technical success of the uterine artery embolisation in symptomatic fibroids and to evaluate improvement of symptoms and determine complications.   Methods: Total 15 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids were undergone uterine artery embolisation over a period of two years. The patients were followed with pelvic ultrasound immediately after the procedure and at 2 and 6 months intervals after procedure.Results: There was significant reduction in size of fibroids and improvement of symptoms after the procedure. Technical success rate and clinical success rate are 96% and 93% respectively which are comparable with other international studies. The complications with this procedure are few. The most common complication is pelvic pain.Conclusions: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign pelvic neoplasms, affecting nearly 40% of women of reproductive age. In the management of symptomatic fibroids uterine artery embolisation is a safe and effective alternative to surgery with markedly reduced morbidity and mortality.
CONTENIDO
Authors: Científico Editor
Published: February 2017

.
Synthesis and Characterization Thin Film TiO2 as Degrading Procion Red MX-8B Textile Dye
Authors: Almu’minin Achmad Sholikhudin , Haryati Tanti , Mulyono Tri
Published: February 2017

TiO2 photocatalyst is one of type semiconductor that is often used in textile dyes photodegradationmethod which characteristics are influenced by the size of crytal. Synthesis of TiO2 photocatalystscan be done by several methods, one using the sol-gel method. By treating variations in thecomposition of the reactans and treatment of synthesis in sol-gel method, the size of the TiO2crystals can be controlled to produced the desired characteristics. This study has been made ofTiO2 photocatalysts in the form of thin-layer films using sol-gel method with annealing process ata temperature of 550oC. This study examines the effect of the concentration of precursor TTIP andhydrolysis ratio of the crystal structure, crystallinity, the band gap energy, and photocatalystactivity to degrade procion red mx-8b dye compound. The result obtained is known that the crystalsynthesized has structure of TiO2 anatase. Value crystal size, crystallinity, the band gap energy,and percent degradation has a value that depends on the composition of TTIP concentration andhydrolysis ratio. Although the results showed morphology of TiO2 particle indivcate that large sizeand crystallinity value is still low, but that is interesting each of the measurement results mutuallysupport each other.Keywords: photocatalyst, TiO2, Sol-gel, TTIP concentration, hydrolysis ratio
Removal of malachite green from aqueous solutions by electrocoagulation/peanut shell adsorption coupling in a batch system
Authors: Wang Xiansheng , Ni Jiaheng , Pang Shuo , Li Ying
Published: February 2017

A electrocoagulation (EC)/peanut shell (PS) adsorption coupling technique was studied for the removal of malachite green (MG) in our present work. The addition of an appropriate PS dosage (5 g/L) resulted in remarkable increase in the removal efficiency of MG at lower current density and shorter operating time compared with the conventional EC process. The effect of current density, pH of MG solution, dosage of PS and initial concentration of MG were also investigated. The maximum removal efficiency of MG was 98% under optimum conditions in 5 min. And it was 23% higher than that in EC process. Furthermore, the unit energy demand (UED) and the unit electrode material demand (UEMD) were calculated and discussed. The results demonstrated that the EC/PS adsorption coupling method achieved a reduction of 94% UED and UEMD compared with EC process.
PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW DALAM MATA KULIAH TEKNOLOGI AIR DAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI
Authors: Sukarta I Nyoman , Gunamantha I Made
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Pembelajaran Kooperatif Jigsaw dalam Mata Kuliah Tekonologi Air dan Pengolahan Limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada pembelajaran Teknologi Air dan Pengolahan Limbah Industri melaui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Jigsaw berbantuan reviu pokok bahasan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa jurusan Analis Kimia FMPA Undiksha, sedang objek penelitian adalah aktivitas, hasil belajar, dan respon mahasiswa terhadap strategi pembelajaran yang diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw berbantuan reviu pokok bahasan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas mahasiswa, tetapi hasil belajar mahasiswa masih belum memuaskan. Respon mahasiswa terhadap pembelajaran yang diterapkan cukup positif. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran ini adalah waktu yang diperlukan cukup banyak dan ketersediaan sumber belajar yang terbatas. Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran kooperatif, aktivitas, respon dan hasil belajar.
PENGARUH PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN DAN KEMAMPUAN VERBAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA SMA NEGERI 14 DAN 21 MEDAN
Authors: Simbolon Naeklan
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan pembelajaran dan kemampuan verbal terhadap kemampuan berbicara Bahasa Inggris di SMA. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 14 dan 21 Medan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan penelitian Treatment by level 2 x 2. Sampel penelitian ini adalah160 orang siswa. Intrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan verbal dan observasi kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris antara siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran kontekstual dan pembelajaran konvensional. (2) Terdapat interaksi antara pendekatan pembelajaran dan kemampuan verbal terhadap kemamuan berbicara bahasa Inggris SMA. (3) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris antara siswa yang memiliki kemampuan verbal tinggi dan kemampuan verbal rendah. (4) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris antara siswa yang memiliki kemampuan verbal rendah yang diajar dengan pembelajaran kontekstual dibanding dengan siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Kata Kunci: pembelajaran kontekstual, kemampuan verbal, kemampuan berbicara, Bahasa Inggris
HUBUNGAN BUDAYA SEKOLAH, KOMUNIKASI, DAN KOMITMEN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI
Authors: Suriansyah Ahmad
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan: budaya sekolah dengan kinerja guru; komunikasi dengan kinerja guru; budaya sekolah dengan komitmen; komunikasi dengan komitmen, komitmen dengan kinerja guru; budaya sekolah dengan kinerja melalui komitmen; komunikasi dengan kinerja guru melalui komitmen. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 250 orang guru di 100 Sekolah yang dipilih secara stratified proporsional random sampling dari populasi sebesar 2.276 orang guru yang tersebar di 274 SD Negeri di Kota Banjarmasin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriftip dan analisi jalur. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa budaya sekolah memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja, komunikasi memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja, budaya sekolah memiliki hubungan dengan komitmen, komunikasi memiliki hubungan dengan komitmen, komitmen memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja guru, komitmen merupakan perantara hubugan budaya sekolah dengan kinerja guru dan hubungan komunikasi dengan kinerja guru. Kata Kunci: budaya sekolah, komunikasi, komitmen, kinerja THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL CULTURE, COMMUNICATION, AND COMMITMENT AND THE STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE Abstract: This study was aimed to describe the relationship between: school culture and tea- chers’ performance; communication and teachers’ commitment; school culture and commitment; communication and commitment; commitment and teachers’ performance; school culture and performance through commitment; communication and teachers’ performance through commitment. The sample consisting of 250 teachers from 100 schools was selected using the stratified proportional random sampling technique from a population of 2,276 teachers teaching in 274 state elementary schools in Banjarmasin Municipality. The data were collected using an instrument which had been validated and which was reliable. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis and the path analysis. The findings showed that there was relationship between: school culture and teachers’ performance, communication and performance, school culture and commitment, communication and commitment, commitment and teachers’ performance. Commitment became an intervening variable between school culture and teachers’ performance and between communication and teachers’ performance. Keywords: school culture, communication, commitment, performance
PENINGKATAN SELF-EFFICACY MATEMATIS SISWA SMP MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN GENERATIF
Authors: Moma La
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Self-efficacy matematis siswa penting, maka perlu ada upaya untuk meningkatkannya. Penelitian ini menerapkan model pembelajaran generatif (MPG) sebagai alternatif pembelajaran yang diperkirakan akan memicu peningkatan kemampuan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi penerapan MPG terhadap peningkatan self-efficacy baik level sekolah (tinggi, sedang dan rendah), KAM (atas, sedang rendah). Penelitian menerapkan desain kuasi eksperimen. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri atas 191 orang siswa kelas VIII pada tiga SMP Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta masing-masing mewakili sekolah level tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Hipotesis penelitian diuji pada taraf signifikansi 5%, analisis data yang digunakan uji Mann Whitney dan ANAVA dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) ada perbedaan pencapaian, peningkatan selfefficacy matematis siswa antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas control; dan (2) tidak terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran dan level sekolah terhadap peningkatan self-efficacy matematis siswa. Kata Kunci: self-efficacy matematis, pembelajaran generatif THE ENHANCEMENT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SELF-EFFICACY THROUGH GENERATIVE LEARNING Abstract: The students’ mathematics self-efficacy is important. So, there must be an effort to enhance it. This study implemented the generative learning model as an instructional alternative expected to be able to enhance students’ self-efficacy. This study was aimed to find out the contribution on the enhancement of the students’ self-efficacy. This study employed the quasi experiment design. The sample consisted of 191 grade eight students from three state junior high schools in Yogyakarta Municipality, each representing high-level schools, medium-level schools, and low-level schools. The hypothesis was tested at the significance level of 5%. The data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney and two-way ANOVA analyses. The findings showed that (1) there was a significant difference in the students’ self-efficacy between the experimental group and the control group; (2) there was no interaction between instruction and school levels on the enhancement of the students’ self-efficacy. Keywords: mathematics self-efficacy, generative learning
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Make A Match Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (Ipa) Siswa Kelas V Mi Tanwirul Huda Majenang Cilacap Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Hidayati Lusi , Sukati Sukati
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi rendahnya prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas V MI Tanwirul Huda Majenang dimungkinkan karena kurangnya minat belajar dan motivasi belajar. Pembelajaran belum menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPA dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif make a match Kelas V MI Tanwirul Huda Majenang dan mengetahui peningkatkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas V MI Tanwirul Huda Majenang dengan menggunakanstrategi pembelajaran kooperatif make a match. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian tindakan kelas ini terlaksana sebanyak dua siklus masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2015 dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V MI Tanwirul Huda dengan sejumlah 27 siswa: laki-laki 14 dan perempuan 13. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, test dan dokumentasi. Tehnik pengambilan data dilakukan lembar observasi dan test yaitu pretest dan posttest. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dikatakan berhasil jika 80% hasil belajar siswa mengalami ketuntasan KKM yaitu 70.Berdasarkan data penelitian yang diperoleh, penerapan strategi pembelajaran kooperatifmake a matchdapatmeningkatkanprestasibelajarsiswakelas VMI Tanwirul Huda Majenang.Hal ini dapat dibuktikan berdasarkan adanya peningkatan nilai rata-rata kelas pada siklus I yaitu sebesar 67,14 dengan nilai tertinggi 90 dan presentase ketuntasan sebesar 70,37%. Sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata kelas meningkat menjadi 79,28 dengan nilai tertinggi 100 dan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 92,59%.
Pembinaan Agama Islam Di Pesantren Muntasirul Ulum Man Yogyakarta Iii
Authors: Hamruni Hamruni , Salamah Umu
Published: February 2017

Pesantren Muntasyirul Ulum pesantren adalah sebuah asrama bagi siswa MAN Yogyakarta III. Materi pembinaan terintegrasi dengan pelajaran yang diberikan di MAN Yogyakarta III antara lain berkenaan dengan pendidikan agama dan pembentukan karakter kreatif serta beragama secara mandiri. Pesantren Muntasyirul ulum adalah bentuk upaya serius yang diwujudkan dengan memberikan bimbingan, baik secara individu maupun kelompok. Pembinaan individu atau konseling ditujukan untuk membimbing siswa untuk beranjak melalui masa remaja yang penuh gejolak. Kondisi remaja yang tidak sedikit menui konflik sosial dan ekonomi. Jadi pembinaan yang diarahkan agar siswa dapat melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai siswa, memiliki pribadi mandiri dan mengaktualisasikan bakat dalam bentuk kemampuan pribadi yang tangguh dalam menghadapi kesulitan. Membekali mahasiswa untuk memiliki pribadi dengan semangat iman. Dengan mengilhami metode dialog asrama berusaha untuk mendidik dan membekali mereka dengan sifat kemanusiaan, toleransi dan pluralisme. Hal ini sejalan dengan agama, bahwa humanistik tidak berhenti pada aktualisasi materi tetapi juga realitas wahyu.
Filosofia da Educação, Exercícios Espirituais e Arte de Existência
Authors: Genis Andrea Díaz , Gallo Sílvio
Published: February 2017

Na última parte da obra de Michel Foucault, a partir do curso A Hermenêutica do Sujeito e dos dois que se seguiram a ele (O Governo de Si e dos Outros e A Coragem da Verdade), aparece uma possível leitura da filosofia como exercício espiritual e arte de existência. Tal leitura é influenciada, entre outros, por Pierre Hadot, especialista no pensamento antigo. A filosofia deixa de ser pensada como tendo seu foco apenas na criação de conceitos, saberes e sistemas de ideias ou pensamentos, como um exercício puramente racional. Desta perspectiva, no coração mesmo da filosofia antiga, encontramos a perspectiva educativa (ou formativa) do gênero humano. Tudo isso nos leva a pensar uma filosofia da educação mais abrangente, que entenderá a filosofia como pedagogia do gênero humano, que ainda que não descarte seu vetor teórico e conceitual, entende que filosofia e educação identificam-se, tendo como foco problemático a vida mesma.
Filosofia e Educação em Bergson
Authors: Pinto Tarcísio Jorge Santos
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo tem o intuito de refletir em que sentido o pensamento de Henri Bergson se apresenta como original e revolucionário diante da tradição filosófico-científica de sua época a partir da criação do conceito de duração. Além disto, deseja ressaltar a importância do método da intuição em sua filosofia e alguns dos seus principais desdobramentos, especialmente no campo da educação. A partir daí, procura discutir, em conclusão, em que sentido a filosofia bergsoniana continua sendo capaz de trazer importantes contribuições para a reflexão de algumas questões de nosso tempo, iluminando-as de forma profunda e criadora.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TASK-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING (TBLT) CRITERIA IN COURSE BOOKS FOR UPPER INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH STUDENTS
Authors: Akmal Saiful
Published: February 2017

Recently, the importance of task-based language teaching (TBLT) is presumably clear and therefore has also widely being used in many countries. The process of recognizing a ‘task’ itself could be one of the fields where it tends to be slightly fuzzy, especially for a new, learner and inexperience teacher. Many English experts and task-based supporters have published various books to assist their ideas. Perhaps that is why; we now have had different criterion of assessing a ‘task’. This paper thus, intends to establish the extent to which a modern course book has encompassed principles and practice of TBLT when compared with older books. I have therefore taken two books as the source of data for this paper; Natural English-Upper Intermediate Student’s Book and Workout Upper Intermediate Student’s Book, both aimed at the same language level of learner. Both are intended to upper intermediate student.
REFORMASI SEKOLAH (STUDI KRITIS TERHADAP PEMIKIRAN IVAN ILLICH)
Authors: Zulfatmi Zulfatmi
Published: February 2017

Ada di antara para pemikir modern yang selama ini mengkritisi eksistensi persekolahan karena dipandang belum memenuhi harapan manusia pada umumnya. Keberadaan sekolah belum dilaksanakan untuk mencapai fungsi sejatinya dalam hal humanisasi. Sebaliknya, justru melalui berbagai macam aktifitas, pendidikan seringkali tidak mengembangkan otonomi individu. Pendidikan hanya berjalan sebagai monopoli radikal dalam hal pembelajaran dan teknologi yang hanya berusaha memenuhi keinginan segelintir orang yang memiliki otoritas tertentu. Ivan Illich, salah seorang pemikir revolusioner, mengusik para pemerhati pendidikan untuk mengkritisi eksistensi lembaga pendidikan. Lebih lanjut lagi, dia juga menggulirkan usulan untuk melakukan reformasi persekolahan. Di satu sisi lahirnya pemikiran yang mengkritisi lembaga-lembaga pendidikan pada dasarnya bersifat positif, tapi di sisi lain ide ini juga tidak bisa diterima begitu saja. Para pendidik juga perlu mengkritisi ide-ide penyadaran tersebut.
Style humoru wychowanków i wychowawców a klimat społeczny placówek resocjalizacyjnych dla nieletnich
Authors: Karłyk-Ćwik Anna
Published: February 2017

Autorka prezentuje wyniki badań empirycznych, których celem było zdiagnozowanie klimatu społecznego instytucji resocjalizacyjnych dla nieletnich oraz opisanie stylów humoru prezentowanych przez wychowawców i wychowanków tych placówek, a także ustalenie wzajemnych relacji pomiędzy tymi zmiennymi. Badaniami kwestionariuszowymi (z wykorzystaniem Skali Klimatu Społecznego i Kwestionariusza Stylów Humoru) objęto grupę 162 wychowanków oraz 52 wychowawców z czterech Młodzieżowych Ośrodków Wychowawczych. Przeprowadzone badania ujawniły, że klimat społeczny tych placówek jest najbardziej zbliżony do typu „opiekuńczo-wychowawczego”, a w funkcjonowaniu intrapsychicznym i interpersonalnym, zarówno wychowawców, jak i wychowanków, adaptacyjne style humoru przeważają nad stylami nieprzystosowawczymi. Ponadto ustalono, że to wychowankowie, za sprawą prezentowanych stylów humoru, wydają się mieć większy wpływ na kreowanie klimatu społecznego placówek, w których przebywają, niż personel resocjalizacyjny. Analiza uzyskanych wyników w kontekście koncepcji resilience zachęca do traktowania humoru w kategoriach „płaszczyzny oporu” umożliwiającej młodzieży niedostosowanej społecznie „odbicie się od dna”.
Pay performance sensitivity and earnings restatements
Authors: Tinaikar Surjit , Yu Kun
Published: February 2017

We examine whether the board of directors adjusts the sensitivity of CEO compensation to earnings following an earnings restatement. Using a sample of 598 restating firms and 2,065 non-restating firms during the period of 1995-2011, we find that firms decrease the sensitivity of cash compensation to accounting earnings after restatements and that this decrease is more pronounced for firms that appoint new CEOs after restatements than those whose CEOs continue to remain in office after restatements. Furthermore, the results suggest that the decrease in the sensitivity of cash compensation to earnings for restating firms with new CEOs is more pronounced for firms with a higher level of institutional ownership. This highlights the monitoring role of institutional investors in the redesign of compensation contracts following restatements. Overall, our results are consistent with the argument that the board adjusts the sensitivity of cash compensation to earnings downwards following restatements to constrain earnings management and recover public confidence in the firm.
Universal corporate governance standards: recommendations following the global financial crisis
Authors: Mynhardt Ronald Henry
Published: February 2017

Corporate governance can be defined as: the set of processes, customs, policies, laws and institutions affecting the way a company is directed, administered or controlled. Suggestions were investigated that the global financial crisis revealed severe shortcomings in corporate governance. Research was conducted to establish whether these suggestions are accurate. The study found that it appeared that corporate governance has failed and action needs to be taken. The study recommends that a world supervisory body on corporate governance be established. It also proposes that a summit be called to discuss and create such an authority. In addition, the formulation of a set of universal corporate governance standards for implementation by the members was suggested
Factors influencing the attraction of foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment into African economies
Authors: Makoni Patricia Lindelwa
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the key factors which determine whether African economies are attractive enough to harness international capital inflows from foreign investors. The evidence gathered shows that financial market development, institutional quality, natural resource deposits, cheap unskilled labour, as well as previous experience with international trade of goods and services, improve the likelihood of African economies receiving FDI inflows. In order to attract FPI inflows, African economies need to liberalise their capital accounts. Doing so requires strong regulation of financial markets, and instruments traded thereof. As FPI inflows increase, domestic financial markets become deeper and broader, thereby opening up alternative sources of capital (equity and bonds) for local firms. It is therefore recommended that African Governments strengthen not only their competitiveness in the import and export market, but also their foreign policies to complement domestic policies of further investment which results in economic growth and employment creation.
The role of regulatory authority in affecting firm performance
Authors: Rashid Kashif , Islam Sardar M. N. , Nuryanah Siti
Published: February 2017

This paper examines the role of regulatory authority in affecting the performance or value of a firm. The study has used panel data of 120 companies for the years 2000 to 2003 for developing (Malaysia) and developed (Australia) financial markets. The findings of the study suggest that there is a positive relationship between the regulatory authority efficiency and the financial health of a firm. The dual leadership structure results in the value creation for shareholders in these markets as the regulatory authorities force independent CEO to defend the rights of shareholders. On the contrary, the external regime in these markets cannot manage the agency cost of debt as the free cash flow is not utilised efficiently to resolve the principal (shareholders) and agent (managers) conflicts in these markets. Finally, the effectiveness of regulatory authorities results in higher information efficiency and optimal utilisation of assets in the market leading to defending the rights of shareholders.
The adoption of IFRS in publicly listed enterprises of high and medium capitalization and the impact of the size of the audit firm in Greece
Authors: Pazarskis Michail , Koutoupis Andreas , Drogalas George , Tsakiris Konstantinos
Published: February 2017

In 2002, developments in the global markets during the past decades have highlighted the need for common accounting standards among companies all around the world so as the financial statements to be comparable. From 2005 onwards the Greek Companies listed on the Athens Exchange was an accounting “revolution” of the 21st century, given the difference in philosophy between the Greek GAAP and the International Accounting Standards-IAS (next, IFRS). This study evaluates the implementation of IFRS on the financial statements of Greek publicly listed companies of high and medium capitalization, which are companies that are included in the FTSE 20 and FTSE 40 indexes of the Athens Stock Exchange-ASE, respectively. Also, for those firms we examined the effect of the size of the audit firm. The research was conducted based on the analysis of thirteen ratios. According to our analysis only few of the ratios have changed significantly. Finally, regarding the impact of the size of the audit firm the results reveal controversy with the present bibliography concerning “Big 4” in comparison with “non-Big 4” firms in Greece