bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 Maintains β Cell Identity and Function in Female Mice through Preservation of G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1 Signaling
Authors: Sohn Paul , McLaughlin Madeline R. , Krishnan Preethi , Lee Chih-Chun , Kono Tatsuyoshi , Evans-Molina Carmella
Published: July 2022

Loss of pancreatic β cell mass, identity, and function contribute to the development of diabetes. Here, we show that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), is critical for the maintenance of β cell function in female mice. When mice with β cell-specific deletion of STIM1 (STIM1Δβ) were challenged with high-fat diet, β cell dysfunction was observed in female, but not male, mice. Impaired glucose tolerance was accompanied by reductions in β cell mass, a concomitant increase in α cell mass, and significant reductions in the expression of markers of β cell maturity, including MafA and UCN3. Mechanistic assays demonstrated that the sexually dimorphic phenotype observed in STIM1Δβ mice was due in part to loss of signaling through the noncanonical 17-β estradiol receptor, GPER1. Together, these data suggest that STIM1 orchestrates pancreatic β cell function and identity through GPER1-mediated estradiol signaling.
Nuclear Location Bias of HCAR1 Drives Cancer Malignancy through Numerous Routes
Authors: Nezhady Mohammad Ali Mohammad , Cagnone Gael , Bajon Emmanuel , Chaudhari Prabhas , Modaresinejad Monir , Hardy Pierre , Maggiorani Damien , Quiniou Christiane , Joyal Jean-Sébastien , Beauséjour Christian , Chemtob Sylvain
Published: July 2022

The involvement of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors’ (GPCR) location bias in diverse cellular functions and their misregulation in pathology is an underexplored territory. HCAR1, a GPCR for lactate is linked to cancer progression, mainly due to Warburg effect, but its mechanism of action remains elusive. Here, we show HCAR1 has a nuclear localization, capable of signaling intranuclearly to induce nuclear-ERK and AKT phosphorylation concomitant with higher cancer cell proliferation and survival. We determine its nuclear interactome, proving its involvement in protein-translation and DNA-damage repair. Nuclear HCAR1 (N-HCAR1) directly interacts with chromatin/DNA promoting expression of genes involved in cellular migration. Notably, we show N-HCAR1 particularly regulates a broader transcriptomic signature than its PM counterpart, emphasizing on the facts that functional output of N-HCAR1 is larger than PM localized HCAR1. Our study presents several unprecedented processes by which a GPCR through location-biased activity regulate various cellular functions and how cancer cells exploit these.
Comprehensively characterizing evolutionarily conserved differential dosage compensations of the X chromosome during development and in diseases
Authors: Guo Mengbiao , Fang Zhengwen , Chen Bohong , Songyang Zhou , Xiong Yuanyan
Published: July 2022

The active X chromosome in mammals is upregulated to balance its dosage to autosomes during evolution. However, it is elusive why the currently known dosage compensation machinery showed uneven and small influence on X genes, necessitating systemic investigation of X dosage in different angles and identification of new dosage regulators. Here, based on >20,000 transcriptomes, we identified two X gene groups (genome ploidy-sensitive [PSX] and ploidy-insensitive [PIX] genes), showing distinct but evolutionarily-conserved (in both primates and mouse) dosage compensations (termed X-over-Autosome dosage Ratio, or XAR). We then explored XAR in diseases and in stem cells, where XAR is potentially important. We demonstrated that XAR-PIX was downregulated while XAR-PSX upregulated across cancer types at both RNA and protein levels. In contrast, XAR-PIX was upregulated while XAR-PSX downregulated during stem cell differentiation. Interestingly, XAR-PIX, but not XAR-PSX, was significantly lower and associated with autoantibodies and inflammation in lupus patients, suggesting that insufficient dosage of PIX genes may contribute to lupus pathogenesis. We further identified and experimentally validated two new XAR regulators,TP53andATRX. Collectively, we provided insights to further unravel the mystery of X dosage compensation in mammals and its pathophysiological roles in human diseases.
Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)
Authors: Kurokochi Hiroyuki , Tajima Naoyuki , Sato Mitsuhiko P. , Yoshitake Kazutoshi , Asakawa Shuichi , Isobe Sachiko , Shirasawa Kenta
Published: July 2022

Here, we report the first telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), which consists of 13 chromosomes (spanning 160.7 Mb) and a 76 kb circular mitochondrial genome. The chromosome sequences were supported with telomeric repeats at the ends. GC-rich regions are located at the middle of the chromosomes and are enriched with long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs). Repetitive sequences including long-terminal repeats (LTRs) and LINEs occupy 71.7% of the genome. A total of 28,322 potential protein-coding genes and 324 tRNA genes were predicted. Sequence and structure variant analysis revealed 2,322,349 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 102,831 insertions and deletions, 0.6% of which disrupted gene structure and function and were therefore classified as deleterious mutations. As many as 683 copies of the LTR retrotransposonMarY1were detected in the matsutake genome, 91 of which were inserted in gene sequences. In addition, 187 sequence variations were found in the mitochondrial genome. The genomic data reported in this study would serve as a great reference for exploring the genetics and genomics of matsutake in the future, and the information gained would ultimately facilitate the conservation of this vulnerable genetic resource.
Erwinia tasmaniensis levansucrase shows enantiomer selection for (S)-1,2,4-butanetriol
Authors: Polsinelli Ivan , Salomone-Stagni Marco , Benini Stefano
Published: July 2022

Levansucrases are biotechnologically interesting fructosyltransferases due to their potential use in the enzymatic or chemo-enzymatic synthesis of glycosides of non-natural substrates relevant to pharmaceutical applications. The structure of Erwinia tasmaniensis levansucrase in complex with (S)-1,2,4-butanetriol and its biochemical characterization suggests the possible application of short aliphatic moieties containing polyols with defined stereocentres in fructosylation biotechnology. The structural information revealed that (S)-1,2,4-butanetriol mimics the natural substrate. The preference of the protein towards a specific 1,2,4-butanetriol enantiomer was assessed using microscale thermophoresis binding assays. Furthermore, the results obtained and the structural comparison of levansucrases and inulosucrases suggest that the fructose binding modes could differ in fructosyltransferases from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Variations on a theme: crystal forms of the amino-acid transporter MhsT
Authors: Neumann Caroline , Focht Dorota , Trampari Sofia , Lyons Joseph A. , Nissen Poul
Published: July 2022

The bacterial amino-acid transporter MhsT from the SLC6A family has been crystallized in complex with different substrates in order to understand the determinants of the substrate specificity of the transporter. Surprisingly, crystals of the different MhsT–substrate complexes showed interrelated but different crystal-packing arrangements. Space-group assignment and structure determination of these different crystal forms present challenging combinations of pseudosymmetry, twinning and translational noncrystallographic symmetry.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 1,3-bis{[N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl}-5-{[(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)amino]methyl}-2,4,6-triethylbenzene
Authors: Stapf Manuel , Schmidt Ute , Seichter Wilhelm , Mazik Monika
Published: July 2022

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C30H50N4O4, the two bis(hydroxyethyl)amino moieties and the 2,4-dimethylpyridinylamino unit of the molecule are located on one side of the central benzene ring, while the ethyl substituents are oriented in the opposite direction. The dihedral angle between the planes of the aromatic rings is 73.6 (1)°. The conformation of the molecule is stabilized by intramolecular O—H...O (1.86–2.12 Å) and C—H...N (2.40, 2.54 Å) hydrogen bonds. Dimers of inversion-related molecules represent the basic supramolecular entities of the crystal structure. They are further connected via O—H...O hydrogen bonding into undulating layers extending parallel to the crystallographic bc plane. Interlayer interaction is accomplished by weak C—H...π contacts.
Synthesis and crystal structure of hydrated μ-oxalato-bis{bis[3-methyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole]iron(II)} bis(toluenesulfonate) 2.75-hydrate
Authors: Petrenko Yuliia P. , Bibik Yurii S. , Khomenko Dmytro M. , Doroshchuk Roman O. , Gural'skiy Il`ya A. , Shova Sergiu , Lampeka Rostyslav D. , Raspertova Ilona V.
Published: July 2022

In the title compound [Fe2(C2O4)(C8H8N4)4](CH3C6H4SO3)2·2.75H2O, the two FeII ions have a highly distorted octahedral FeN4O2 environment formed by two bidentate triazole-based chelating ligands and a bis-bidentate oxalate bridging anion that connects the metal ions. Stabilization within the crystal structure is provided via a system of O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonding, which determines the formation of a two-dimensional architecture along the a-axis direction.
Syntheses and crystal structures of 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium benzoate monohydrate and 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium 2-carboxy-4,6-dinitrophenolate
Authors: Shankara Prasad Holehundi J. , Devaraju  , Vinaya  , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Parkin Sean R. , Glidewell Christopher
Published: July 2022

Crystal structures are reported for two molecular salts containing the 4-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-ium cation. Co-crystallization from methanol/ethyl acetate solution of N-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine with benzoic acid gives the benzoate salt, which crystallizes as a monohydrate, C10H14N3O2·C7H5O2·H2O, (I), and similar co-crystallization with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid yields the 2-carboxy-4,6-dinitrophenolate salt, C10H14N3O2·C7H3N2O7, (II). In the structure of (I), a combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the components into sheets, while in the structure of (II), the supramolecular assembly, generated by hydrogen bonds of the same types as in (I), is three dimensional. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds.
Deep learning as a tool for inverse problems resolution: a case study
Authors: Barmada Sami , Formisano Alessandro , Thomopulos Dimitri , Tucci Mauro
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the possible use of a deep neural network (DNN) as an inverse solver.

Design/methodology/approach

Different models based on DNNs are designed and proposed for the resolution of inverse electromagnetic problems either as fast solvers for the direct problem or as straightforward inverse problem solvers, with reference to the TEAM 25 benchmark problem for the sake of exemplification.

Findings

Using DNNs as straightforward inverse problem solvers has relevant advantages in terms of promptness but requires a careful treatment of the underlying problem ill-posedness.

Originality/value

This work is one of the first attempts to exploit DNNs for inverse problem resolution in low-frequency electromagnetism. Results on the TEAM 25 test problem show the potential effectiveness of the approach but also highlight the need for a careful choice of the training data set.
Can market knowledge lead to radical product innovation performance? The double-edged sword effect of absorptive capacity
Authors: Chang Chia-Yang , Tsai Kuen-Hung , Sung Billy
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper examines the effect of market knowledge on market success of product innovativeness and the moderating role of absorptive capacity. We separated market knowledge into market diversity and market significance components and examined their effects on radical product innovation performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopted the secondary database study. Excluding cases with missing values of main variables, a total of 1,219 Taiwanese manufacturing firms from the Third Taiwan Technology Innovation Survey (TTIS3) database were used to test the hypotheses. A moderated hierarchical regression approach was utilized to analyze the data.

Findings

The results revealed that the relationship between market diversity and radical product innovation performance is a predominantly positive concave downward curve. In contrast, the relationship between market significance and radical product innovation performance is a predominantly negative concave downward curve. Furthermore, the results also indicated that absorptive capacity has different moderating effects on the relationships between market diversity/significance and radical product innovation performance. Absorptive capacity enhances the negative effect of market significance but suppresses the positive effect of market diversity on radical product innovation performance.

Originality/value

This paper is the first research which contributes to examining the relationship between market knowledge and radical product innovation sale performance.
Analysis of nonlinear evolution mechanism of power technology progress under the constraints of net-zero carbon dioxide emissions in China
Authors: Zheng Huaihua
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Striving to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality before 2060 indicates that China, as the most extensive power system in the world and a country based on coal power, is imperative to improve the technical level of electric power utilization. This paper aims to explore the nonlinear evolution mechanism of power technology progress under the constraints of net-zero carbon dioxide emissions in China.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper, first, based on China’s provincial panel data from 2000 to 2019, uses global direction distance function to measure power technological progress. Second, the threshold regression model is used to explore the nonlinear relationship between carbon emission reduction constraints on electric power technological progress.

Findings

There is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between China’s provincial carbon emission reduction constraints and electric power technological progress. Meanwhile, the scale of regional economic development has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between carbon emission reduction constraints and power technological progress.

Research limitations/implications

This paper puts forward targeted suggestions for perfecting regional carbon emission reduction policy and improving electric power technological progress.

Originality/value

Based on the global directional distance function, this paper extracts power as a production factor in total factor productivity and calculates the total factor electric power technological progress. This paper objectively reveals the influence mechanism of carbon emission reduction constraints on electric power technology progress based on the threshold regression model.
Pride or empathy? Exploring effective CSR communication strategies on social media
Authors: He Zeya , Liu Stephanie , Ferns Bo H. , Countryman Cary C.
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Focusing on the corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication context, the present research aims to understand when and why featuring pride versus empathy in a hospitality brand’s social media post can effectively boost consumers’ loyalty intention.

Design/methodology/approach

Two experimental studies examined the congruence effects between emotional appeal and sense of power, where power was made situationally salient within the social media post (Study 1) or measured as a personality trait (Study 2).

Findings

Emotional appeals featuring pride (vs empathy) will lead to higher loyalty intention for individuals with a situational or chronic sense of high (vs low) power. A further examination into the psychological mechanism reveals that such congruence effects are serially mediated through consumers’ perceived brand authenticity and brand trustworthiness.

Practical implications

Understanding how the sense of power may influence consumer response to social media posts using different emotional appeals can provide useful guidance for marketers about how to creatively segment customers and curate appropriate targeting messages for effective CSR communication and relationship building on social media.

Originality/value

Extending the message framing research on schema congruity, this research is the first to reveal the congruence effects of emotional appeal and sense of power in CSR communications and uncover the serial mediating roles of perceived brand authenticity and brand trustworthiness in relationship marketing on social media.
Recognition of fatigue and severe sliding wear particles using a CNN model with multi-scale feature extractor
Authors: Liu Xinliang , Cheng Liang , Chen Guoning , Wang Xiaolei , Wang Jingqiu
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide a new convolutional neural network (CNN) model with multi-scale feature extractor to segment and recognize wear particles in complex ferrograph images, especially fatigue and severe sliding wear particles, which are similar in morphology while different in wear mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach

A CNN model named DWear is proposed to semantically segment fatigue, severe sliding particles and four other types of particles, that is, chain, spherical, cutting and oxide particles, which unifies segmentation and recognition together. DWear is constructed using four modules, namely, encoder, densely connected atrous spatial pyramid pooling, decoder and fully connected conditional random field. Different from the architectures of ordinary semantic segmentation CNN models, a multi-scale feature extractor using cascade connections and a coprime atrous rate group is incorporated into the DWear model to obtain multi-scale receptive fields and better extract features of wear particles. Moreover, fully connected conditional random field module is adopted for post-processing to smooth coarse prediction and obtain finer results.

Findings

DWear is trained and verified on the ferrograph image data set, and experimental results show that the final Mean Pixel Accuracy is 95.6% and the Mean Intersection over Union is 92.2%, which means that the recognition and segmentation accuracy is higher than those of previous works.

Originality/value

DWear provides a promising approach for wear particle analysis and can be further developed in equipment condition monitoring applications.
Looking at the moral judgments of offenders through new lenses
Authors: Zara Georgia , Veggi Sara , Ianì Francesco , Bucciarelli Monica
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Studies on the moral judgment of offenders conducted within a neo-Kolhbergian framework found that offenders exhibit more primitive thinking about moral issues compared to nonoffenders. The purpose of this study is to explore, within the mental model theory, the role of reasoning in moral judgments of offenders, considering both similarities and differences with nonoffenders.

Design/methodology/approach

A series of moral scenarios were randomly presented to both offenders and nonoffenders. Participants were asked to report their reactions for each scenario. Their reactions were coded and assessed.

Findings

Findings show that moral judgments rely on the same reasoning processes in both offenders and nonoffenders: a moral scenario, in which propositions related to norms and values were manipulated, led to a scenario that generated a moral conflict (Study 1), but offenders had more intuitions about immoral scenarios than nonoffenders (Study 2). Moreover, the results partially confirm the prediction that offenders are more likely to deliberately reason about scenarios that described those crimes similar to the ones they committed (Study 3).

Originality/value

This study highlights the importance of understanding that moral judgments in both offenders and nonoffenders rely on the same reasoning processes, even though offenders tend to reason more on scenarios near to the crimes they committed. This has practical implications for interventions in so far as it could have an effect in how prosocial functioning could be promoted.
The key for success in the value chain of a social entrepreneur in Vietnam
Authors: Do Minh Ngoc
Published: July 2022

Purpose

This paper intends to analyze a social enterprise as a case example of fulfilling social missions and achieving financial profitability at the same time. This paper aims to illustrate a business partnership that helps to bridge the gap in business and employment opportunities between megacities and suburban areas and examine value-creating activities that generate healthy income stream for the business.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper follows a quantitative methodology in the form of case study. The data are collected through interviews, personal observation and document analysis; direct quotes from interviewees are used to describe the phenomenon. Value chain framework is adopted to analyze company activities and deduce key success factors as well as value creations of the company.

Findings

The case demonstrates that social enterprises can be self-sustained financially, which would help them to better fulfill their social missions. Financial profitability can be achieved through good management of production, marketing and sales activities. Besides, value creation achieved through activities in the value chain is not only for customers but also for suppliers – a beneficiary within the social impact created by the case company.

Practical implications

The case demonstrates the necessity of establishing strong alliance with suppliers and customers in ensuring business success, which implies that leaders need to equip themselves with good business skills. Entrepreneurship support should include educational and training assistance besides the usual legal and financial support.

Social implications

The case provides an exemplary partnership model that helps social enterprises to achieve financial security and social mission at the same time. This model can be applied anywhere in the world to create benefits for vulnerable communities.

Originality/value

The case study contributes to the limited understanding of social entrepreneurship in Vietnam, and demonstrates a social innovation in business partnership that helps to diminish the inequality of income and employment opportunities between suburban areas and big cities.
Exploring influencing factors for private sector participation in PPP power projects: case of Ghana
Authors: Kukah Augustine Senanu Komla , Owusu-Manu De-Graft , Badu Edward , Edwards David John
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Demand for private investment in infrastructure, notably in the power sector remains high, and this is anticipated to expand with the passage of time. Very little research currently exists on the power sector and specifically the private sector influencing factors (PSIFs) for entering into public–private partnerships (PPPs). The purpose of this study is to explore influencing factors for private sector participation in PPP power projects in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach

Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, questionnaires were used to gather responses from experts in the PPP power sector domain in a two-round Delphi survey. Reliability analysis was conducted using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and level of agreement tested using Kendall’s concordance. Mean score ranking, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square test were the main analysis conducted on the influencing factors.

Findings

The most significant PSIFs were: obtaining of investment support; improvement in private sector’s international image; synergy with public sector; sharing of risks; and gaining of profits. From ANOVA results, all the influencing factors had no significant different perception between the number of years in PPP practice and the motivations for the private sector entering into PPP power projects. Using Chi-square, the association between the variables indicated they were statistically significant.

Practical implications

The findings in this study are significant for multinational power generation firms that seek to enter the Ghanaian energy sector to help fill the generation gap and deficit.

Originality/value

The output of this research contributes to the checklist of influencing factors for private sector participation in PPP power projects and enhances the development of PPP practice.
An examination of the sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics of children who have suffered penetrative and non‐penetrative sexual abuse in Malatya, Eastern Turkey
Authors: Dündar Ahmet Sedat , Oruç Mucahit , Altın İsmail , Dönmez Yunus Emre , Celbiş Osman
Published: July 2022

Penetrative and nonpenetrative sexual abuse can cause short‐ and long‐term psychiatric problems in victims. This study aimed to examine the sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric diseases of children in Malatya, eastern Turkey, according to whether the abuse was penetrative or nonpenetrative. A retrospective examination was conducted on the records of 115 cases of sexual abuse that had been referred to judicial authorities from January 1, 2012–July 30, 2019. The subjects were evaluated by a committee formed of 5–7 separate specialized department faculty members. It was determined that 51.3% (n = 59) of the cases had suffered nonpenetrative sexual abuse, and 48.7% (n = 56) had suffered penetrative sexual abuse. The majority of the perpetrators were known to the child from their close environment. A psychiatric diagnosis was made by the committee in 20.3% (n = 12) of the nonpenetrative cases and in 42.9% (n = 24) of the penetrative cases. There was a significant difference between penetrative and nonpenetrative sexual abuse in terms of psychiatric diagnoses. Of the cases of penetrative sexual abuse, 87.5% (n = 14) had attempted suicide. As a result, early diagnosis of sexual abuse, which has devastating effects on mental health in the early and late periods before it penetrates, can reduce the devastating effects on the child. For this reason, it is crucial for doctors, psychologists, social workers, and teachers who work with children to be informed about this issue.
Respiratory presentations and admissions at Bathurst Base Hospital emergency department: Exploring the impacts of the recent bushfire crisis
Authors: Mowbray Jack , Peterson Lima , Bailey Jannine
Published: July 2022

Objective

To examine respiratory‐related ED admissions and presentations at Bathurst Base Hospital during the 2019–2020 New South Wales bushfire crisis.

Methods

A retrospective clinical audit was undertaken. Publicly available data on air quality were also examined.

Results

Poorer air quality (measured by PM10 levels) was correlated with increased presentations to the ED (R = 0.228, P = 0.012). ED patients with respiratory diagnoses were more likely to be admitted for inpatient care in 2019–2020 (n = 234, 49.3%) compared with 2018–2019 (n = 165, 39.6%).

Conclusion

The impact of bushfire smoke needs to be considered in the allocation of resources in this area in future, but further research is warranted to understand the full extent of impact at the local level.
Tandem mass tag–based proteomics analysis of protein changes in the freezing and thawing cycles of Trachurus murphyi
Authors: Hu Chunlin , Xie Jing
Published: July 2022

We investigated the proteome variations in Trachurus murphyi with different cycles of freezing and thawing (FT) under frozen storage. A total of 2,482 proteins were assessed quantitatively, of which 269 proteins were recognized as differential abundance proteins during the second FT cycle until the eighth FT cycle. Bioinformatics analysis on gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of Differential Analysis of Proteins (DAPs) indicated multiple DAPs engaged with the protein structure, metabolic enzymes, and protein turnover. In addition, some of the observed proteins were probably the underlying markers of protein oxidation (PO). The analysis of PO sites revealed the sites of PO, such as amino adipic semialdehydes, γ‐glutamic semialdehydes, and Schiff bases. Bioinformatics analyses demonstrated the involvement of differentially expressed proteins in the Hippo signaling pathway (Ko04390), indicating strong protein degradation with greater numbers of FT cycles under frozen storage. It provides an insight into quality stability from a proteomics quality perspective at the molecular level. The results obtained have deepened our current understandings of the mechanisms that reveal variations in proteomes and quality, as well as help promote quality control of T. murphyi across the cold transportation chain.

Practical Application

Temperature fluctuation is one of the core issues during frozen food storage and distribution faced by the frozen food industry. Fluctuation may result in microstructural changes, ice recrystallization, and protein change in frozen food products. Tandem mass tag–based methods were adopted to study proteome variations in Trachurus murphyi muscles under different cycles of freezing and thawing under frozen storage conditions in this paper. The results obtained have deepened our current understandings of the mechanisms that reveal variations in proteomes and quality, as well as help promote quality control of T. murphyi across the cold transportation chain.
Application of a novel fluorogenic polyurethane analogue probe in polyester‐degrading microorganisms screening by microfluidic droplet
Authors: Xu Anming , Liu Jiawei , Cao Shixiang , Xu Bin , Guo Chengzhi , Yu Ziyi , Chen Xiaoqiang , Zhou Jie , Dong Weiliang , Jiang Min
Published: July 2022

Application of polyester‐degrading microorganisms or enzymes should be considered as an eco‐friendly alternative to chemical recycling due to the huge plastic waste disposal nowadays. However, current impranil DLN‐based screening of polyester‐degrading microorganisms is time‐consuming, labour‐intensive and unable to distinguish polyesterases from other protease‐ or amidase‐like enzymes. Herein, we present an approach that combined a novel synthetic fluorescent polyurethane analogue probe (FPAP), along with the droplet‐based microfluidics to screen polyurethane‐degrading microorganisms through fluorescence‐activated droplet sorting (FADS) pipeline. The fluorescent probe FPAP exhibited a fluorescence enhancement effect once hydrolysed by polyesterases, along with a strong specificity in discriminating polyesterases from other non‐active enzymes. Application of FPAP in a microfluidic droplet system demonstrated that this probe exhibited high sensitivity and efficiency in selecting positive droplets containing leaf‐branch compost cutinase (LCC) enzymes. This novel fluorogenic probe, FPAP, combined with the droplet microfluidic system has the potential to be used in the exploitation of novel PUR‐biocatalysts for biotechnological and environmental applications.
Assessment of interclass and intraclass variability of specific lesions of sacroiliac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tekin Zeynep Nilufer , Sahin Cennet , Demirbas Tuna , Kasapoglu Esen
Published: July 2022

Aim

Sacroiliac joint (SJ) imaging is the key point in the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The curved anatomy of the SJ makes the interpretation of imaging difficult. The aim of this study is to evaluate the interclass and intraclass reliability of specific lesions (bone marrow edema [BME], joint space narrowing, erosions, effusion, ankylosis, bridging, sclerosis, fat deposition, and other additional pathologies) on SJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Method

In a total of 310 randomly chosen patients, 620 SJs were evaluated by three different radiologists with different radiology experiences of specialties other than musculoskeletal radiology.

Results

The agreement between readers for BME was fair to substantial, for active sacroiliitis was moderate to substantial, for sacroiliac narrowing was fair at best, for erosions was fair to moderate, for SJ sclerosis was none to slight, for chronic sacroiliitis was slight to fair, for degenerative sacroiliitis was none to slight, for normal SJ was slight, for SJ effusion was none to slight, and for fatty deposition was none. Intraclass correlation for readers 1 and 3 was usually good to excellent and for reader 2 was poor to fair.

Conclusion

This study was designed to assess the agreement between radiologists who were not familiar with SJ MRI. The agreement between readers was usually fair to substantial and even intraclass correlation was poor to fair for reader 2. Future studies can be designed for standardization and validation of each MRI lesion for better interpretation of SJ MRI.
The effect of daily price limits on stock liquidity: Evidence from the Chinese stock market
Authors: Li Hao , Li Zhisheng
Published: July 2022

This study uses a group of specially treated stocks to examine the effect of daily price limits in the Chinese stock market. We show that lower price limits significantly reduce liquidity and widen spreads. These results remain consistent when using difference‐in‐differences regressions with propensity score matching and after conducting regression discontinuity analyses. The findings are more prominent for firms experiencing lower‐limit hits, with higher disclosure quality and lower probability of informed trading before the limit changes. These findings suggest that restrictive price limits cause unexpected behaviour of informed traders, enhance information asymmetry, reduce stock liquidity, and hinder price discovery process.
Virtual reality is beneficial in decreasing pain in labouring women: A preliminary study
Authors: Massov Lorna , Robinson Brian , Rodriguez‐Ramirez Edgar , Maude Robyn
Published: July 2022

Background

Women use a range of non‐pharmacological pain relief methods to reduce labour pain intensity and to help manage labour pain.

Aims

The purpose of this intervention study was to determine whether virtual reality would have an effect on labour pain intensity. Virtual reality has been shown to be effective in reducing pain in other acute pain settings.

Materials and Methods

This study was an intervention study in labour in a cross‐over within‐subjects design (Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12618001776291P). Fourteen participants reported their pain and had their heart rate and blood pressure measured during active labour while using and not using virtual reality.

Results

There were significantly lower reported pain scores (6.14 compared to 7.61, P < 0.001) and maternal heart rate (79.86 beats per minute compared to 85.57, P = 0.033) and mean arterial pressure (88.78 mmHg compared to 92.61 mmHg, P = 0.022) were lower when using virtual reality compared to when not using virtual reality during active labour.

Conclusion

This study makes an important contribution to the field of virtual reality in labour and birth. It is consistent with other recent findings of reduced pain in labour and links decreased pain scales to heart rate and blood pressure, the physiological markers of pain.
Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru
Authors: Morris Julia
Published: July 2022

The Republic of Nauru, the world's smallest island state, was almost entirely economically dependent on the phosphate industry in the twentieth century as part of a colonial extractive arrangement. After the wealth Nauru derived was depleted by the 1990s, the by then sovereign state resurged on the back of the refugee industry, agreeing to process and resettle Australia's maritime asylum‐seeker populations. In this article, I explore how forms of refugee extractivism factor into Nauruans’ ontological experiences of climate change. While Nauruans are imbricated in managing refugees—with an extensive program of financialization and institutionalization in place—environmental changes are heightening the prospect of islanders becoming refugees. I argue that Nauruans’ understandings of refugeehood are entangled in the operations of a local industry in refugees but also humanitarian philanthropic portrayals. In Australian activist campaigns, Nauruans are distanced from refugees through representations of savagery and underdevelopment. These discourses intersect with how islanders see and experience refugeehood, while also revealing the fetishizing logics employed by refugee rights campaigners.
Must be Marxist: A Situated History of Danish Radical Geography
Authors: Larsen Henrik Gutzon
Published: July 2022

Largely unrecognised in prevailing historical accounts of (radical) geography, Danish university geography from the late 1960s saw the emergence of a strong radical strand. In terms of student support, this radical geography became a dominant feature of geography at the University of Copenhagen, and was a defining element in the establishment of geography at the new Roskilde University Centre. This radical movement spawned its own journal, had a strong impact on upper‐secondary school geography, and played an important part in developing the Nordic critical geography network. As a contribution to the emerging situated histories of radical and critical geography, this article investigates the conditions of possibility for the rise of radical geography in Copenhagen and the movement’s institutionalisation during the 1970s. More briefly, the article also considers the transformative crisis of Danish radical geography in the 1980s.
Editorial: golimumab thresholds to achieve stringent medium‐ and long‐term therapeutic outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Mantzaris Gerassimos J. , Papamichael Konstantinos
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Taxonera et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16964 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17118
Editorial: quality assessment in IBD in high‐resource countries can lead to quality improvement clues for IBD management worldwide
Authors: Bernstein Charles N.
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Hawthorne et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17042 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17077
Editorial: effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab in a matched cohort of elderly and non‐elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease—the IG‐IBD LIVE study. Authors' reply
Authors: Pugliese Daniela , Privitera Giuseppe , Armuzzi Alessandro
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Pugliese et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16923 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16957
Editorial: a formula shake each day keeps the complications away – the tolerability and effect of orally‐delivered enteral nutrition in improving post‐operative outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Gold Stephanie L. , Raman Maitreyi
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Meade et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17055
Editorial: refractory reflux sensitivity ‐ a place for baclofen?
Authors: Katz Philip O.
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Pauwels et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17068 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17129
Editorial: measuring disease severity in inflammatory bowel disease—the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Authors: Keefer Laurie , Shapiro Mara J.
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Swaminathan et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17058 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17126
Editorial: golimumab thresholds to achieve stringent medium‐ and long‐term therapeutic outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis—Author’s reply
Authors: Taxonera Carlos
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Taxonera et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16964 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17054
Editorial: non‐invasive testing for EoE—does microbiome testing hold the key?
Authors: Naik Rishi D. , Patel Dhyanesh A.
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Facchin et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17091 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17144
Letter: a promising Helicobacter pylori regimen—vonoprazan‐based therapy. Author’s reply
Authors: Ang Daphne
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Ang et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17070 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17114
Editorial: non‐viral hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance—an increasingly severe public health issue. Authors' reply
Authors: Toyoda Hidenori , Kariyama Kazuya , Hiraoka Atsushi
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Toyoda et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17088 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17116
Editorial: non‐invasive testing for EoE—does microbiome testing hold the key? Authors' reply
Authors: Facchin Sonia , Calgaro Matteo , Pandolfo Mattia , Caldart Federico , Ghisa Matteo , Vitulo Nicola , Savarino Edoardo Vincenzo
Published: July 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Facchin et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17091 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17130
Beyond structural injustice: Pursuing justice for workers in post‐pandemic global value chains
Authors: Van Buren Harry J. , Schrempf‐Stirling Judith
Published: July 2022

The COVID‐19 pandemic has exacerbated underlying and pre‐existing social, political, and economic conditions that make their negative effects both more likely and more negative, particularly for workers in global value chains (GVCs). In our conceptual and normative paper, we encourage a rethinking of GVCs and associated strategies of lead firms by integrating justice‐related concerns. We argue that the failure to provide just outcomes for GVC workers is due to the existence of persistent structural injustices within GVCs. We seek to address this fundamental question: if the problems of GVCs and employment are due to structural injustices, how can they be addressed and ameliorated? We offer operational principles for firms in this regard, using Iris Marion Young's concept of structural injustice to frame our analysis: (1) adopting shared constraint through inter‐firm cooperation and collective action, (2) minimum, shared standards for GVC worker treatment, (3) worker participation in GVC governance, (4) focusing on creating genuinely shared value rather than on value extraction from GVC workers, and (5) focusing on worker outcomes instead of processes. Our contribution lies in (1) outlining a relational approach to help lead firms to rethink their fundamental assumptions, strategies, and underlying conditions of GVCs and (2) expanding Young's analysis of structural injustice to GVCs more broadly.
Development and validation of a prognostic scoring model to risk stratify childhood acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Li Jun , Liu Lipeng , Zhang Ranran , Wan Yang , Gong Xiaowen , Zhang Li , Yang Wenyu , Chen Xiaojuan , Zou Yao , Chen Yumei , Guo Ye , Ruan Min , Zhu Xiaofan
Published: July 2022

To create a personal prognostic model and modify the risk stratification of paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia, we downloaded the clinical data of 597 patients from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database as a training set and included 189 patients from our centre as a validation set. In the training set, age at diagnosis, ‐7/del(7q) or ‐5/del(5q), core binding factor fusion genes, FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3‐internal tandem duplication (FLT3‐ITD)/nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) status, Wilms tumour 1 (WT1) mutation, biallelic CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA) mutation were strongly correlated with overall survival and included to construct the model. The prognostic model demonstrated excellent discriminative ability with the Harrell's concordance index of 0.68, 3‐ and 5‐year area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71 and 0.72 respectively. The model was validated in the validation set and outperformed existing prognostic systems. Additionally, patients were stratified into three risk groups (low, intermediate and high risk) with significantly distinct prognosis, and the model successfully identified candidates for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The newly developed prognostic model showed robust ability and utility in survival prediction and risk stratification, which could be helpful in modifying treatment selection in clinical routine.
Tumour cell characteristics and microenvironment composition correspond to clinical presentation in newly diagnosed nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Hartmann Sylvia , Soltani Ahmad Sajad , Bankov Katrin , Bein Julia , Hansmann Martin‐Leo , Rosenwald Andreas , Bernd Heinz‐Wolfram , Feller Alfred , Ott German , Möller Peter , Stein Harald , Klapper Wolfram , Borchmann Peter , Engert Andreas , Eichenauer Dennis A.
Published: July 2022

Different studies have characterized the microenvironment and its prognostic impact in classic Hodgkin lymphoma whereas such analyses are pending for nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). We thus investigated characteristics of tumour cells and microenvironment in NLPHL and evaluated possible correlations with the clinical presentation. Lymph node samples from 152 NLPHL patients who had first‐line treatment within the randomized German Hodgkin Study Group HD16–HD18 trials were available and analysed with regard to IgD status and nuclear size of the tumour cells as well as presence of PD1‐positive follicular T helper cells and CD163‐positive macrophages in the microenvironment. While large tumour cell nuclei and high numbers of PD1‐positive follicular T helper cells in the microenvironment were more common in patients presenting with early/intermediate stages than in patients with advanced‐stage disease (p < 0.0001, unpaired t‐test; p = 0.0022, Mann–Whitney test), no differences between risk groups were observed in terms of the IgD status of the tumour cells and the content of CD163‐positive macrophages in the microenvironment. PD1‐positive follicular T helper cells were present in both cases with typical and variant growth patterns and rosetting around the tumour cells was observed in 96% of patients, indicating an important role of PD1‐positive follicular T helper cells in NLPHL.
Debate: ‘A rose by any other name’ would smell as sweet – myths peddled about the ills of diagnosing conduct disorders
Authors: Scott Stephen
Published: July 2022

Using a diagnosis of ODD/CD enables the clinician to apply a huge amount of helpful information about what has caused the concerns and then to offer effective treatment. More often than not, they do not use a diagnostic label with the family; the point is for the clinician to share the expertise. Myths about the nature of psychiatric diagnosis and the harms of a label of ODD/CD are debunked in this article. It is society who stigmatises these individuals because of their antisocial behaviour, and withholding skilfully applied benefits of the accumulated knowledge of the condition is cruel and especially harmful to disadvantaged groups in society where ODD/CD is far more prevalent.