bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building national disaster resilience: assessment of ENSO-driven disasters in Peru
Authors: Espinoza Vigil Alain Jorge , Booker Julian David
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Societies go through complex challenges in the face of the vertiginous increase in disasters, mostly produced by the effects of extreme events. The lack of capacity to deal with disasters is evident, especially in developing countries, as in the case of Peru. Under such a premise, this paper contributes to strengthening the country’s capacities, through an evaluation of national disaster resilience to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation-driven hazards caused by the El Niño disaster event between 2016 and 2017 on the Peruvian coast.

Design/methodology/approach

By reviewing the literature, various hazards were identified, such as heavy rainfalls and cascading hazards, such as floods and landslides. Even though risk assessments were carried out, 169 people died and essential infrastructure was severely impacted and lost. Through a 12-criteria resilience assessment framework sub-divided into sustainable development and disaster risk reduction, a diagnosis of national disaster resilience was carried out, along with a disaster risk management evaluation. Under such assessments, strategic recommendations were proposed to enhance the resilience of the country.

Findings

The lack of resilience of the country is reflected in the evaluated criteria, the most negative being the built environment due to infrastructure system’s vulnerability to hazards, and the lack of social development, despite national economic growth in Peru.

Originality/value

The research is extremely valuable because it bridges the knowledge gap on disaster resilience in Peru. In addition, the methodology, as well as the multi-topic assessment framework, can be used for other analyses, which are key to building greater capacity in nations around the globe.
Historical prevalence of infectious diseases and gender equality in 122 countries
Authors: Ombolo Messono Omang , Asongu Simplice , Tchamyou Vanessa
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the effects of the historical prevalence of infectious diseases on contemporary gender equality. Previous studies reveal the persistence of the effects of historical diseases on innovation, through the channel of culture.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the parasite stress theory, the authors propose a framework which argues that historical prevalence of infectious disease reduces contemporary gender equality. The study uses ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares in a cross-section with data from 122 countries between 2000 and 2021.

Findings

This study provide support for the underlying hypothesis. Past diseases reduce gender equality both directly and indirectly. The strongest indirect effects occur through innovation output. Gender equality analysis may take these findings into account and incorporate disease pathogens into the design of international social policy.

Originality/value

This study complements the extant literature by assessing the nexus between historical prevalence of infectious diseases and gender equality.
A step toward nurturing infrastructure sustainability and rating systems through construction management curricula
Authors: Rahat Rubaya , Pradhananga Piyush , ElZomor Mohamed
Published: June 2023

Purpose

With the increasing demand for sustainable developments, higher education should focus on teaching both sustainable buildings and infrastructure systems. This study aims to investigate the existing sustainable infrastructure (SI) teaching efforts in sustainability courses; identify best practices to integrate SI throughout bachelor’s and master’s programs under the construction management (CM) curricula; and propose guidelines for students to obtain Envision sustainability professional (ENV SP) credential during sustainability education.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducted keywords search within the sustainability course descriptions under the American Council for Construction Education accredited CM curricula to locate SI topics. Additionally, this research collected inputs from the Envision Academic Committee members to develop a matrix representing the best practices for integrating SI in higher education and provided a guide with a step-by-step procedure to obtain ENV SP credentials.

Findings

This study identified a gap regarding the availability of SI education and offered best practices on how CM curricula might nurture such knowledge. Phase I highlighted that only two CM programs taught infrastructure sustainability, and three programs offered sustainability credentialing processes under a bachelor’s degree. Phase II developed a framework that offered a variety of pedagogical approaches and outlined the process for obtaining the ENV SP certificate for CM students in the freshman, sophomore, junior and senior years.

Originality/value

The findings of this study can facilitate CM education to create awareness among the future workforce and encourage them to establish skills pertaining to the economic, social and environmental implications while designing SI.
Something new, something sustainable! How network relationships shape sustainable new venture development
Authors: Runfola Andrea , Monteverde Giulia
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate which network relationships foster the early development of a sustainable new venture (SNV) and how sustainability as the core characteristic of the new venture shapes those network relationships.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper relies on a qualitative approach. The primary data source is 25 interviews with 18 key informants of 15 Italian SNVs. The fashion industry is the empirical setting due to its negative environmental and social impacts and shifts toward sustainability during the past decade.

Findings

The paper identifies six types of network relationships that affect the development of fashion SNVs. It proposes sustainability-enhanced and sustainability-enabled network relationships and relates them to trust and legitimation in the network.

Research limitations/implications

The study enriches the theoretical debate on networks, new ventures and sustainability by dealing with the case of SNVs in a traditional sector. This paper presents managerial implications for entrepreneurs and policymakers.

Social implications

This paper contributes to the debate on society’s sustainable development by emphasizing how networks can affect the growth of SNVs.

Originality/value

This paper fills a research gap in a novel manner. The paper contributes to the recent debate on new ventures and sustainability from the market as network approach. It identifies relevant networks, their contribution and the role of sustainability. The study refers to SNVs in traditional nontechnological industries.
Open access books through open data sources: assessing prevalence, providers, and preservation
Authors: Laakso Mikael
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Science policy and practice for open access (OA) books is a rapidly evolving area in the scholarly domain. However, there is much that remains unknown, including how many OA books there are and to what degree they are included in preservation coverage. The purpose of this study is to contribute towards filling this knowledge gap in order to advance both research and practice in the domain of OA books.

Design/methodology/approach

This study utilized open bibliometric data sources to aggregate a harmonized dataset of metadata records for OA books (data sources: the Directory of Open Access Books, OpenAIRE, OpenAlex, Scielo Books, The Lens, and WorldCat). This dataset was then cross-matched based on unique identifiers and book titles to openly available content listings of trusted preservation services (data sources: Cariniana Network, CLOCKSS, Global LOCKSS Network, and Portico). The web domains of the OA books were determined by querying the web addresses or digital object identifiers provided in the metadata of the bibliometric database entries.

Findings

In total, 396,995 unique records were identified from the OA book bibliometric sources, of which 19% were found to be included in at least one of the preservation services. The results suggest reason for concern for the long tail of OA books distributed at thousands of different web domains as these include volatile cloud storage or sometimes no longer contained the files at all.

Research limitations/implications

Data quality issues, varying definitions of OA across services and inconsistent implementation of unique identifiers were discovered as key challenges. The study includes recommendations for publishers, libraries, data providers and preservation services for improving monitoring and practices for OA book preservation.

Originality/value

This study provides methodological and empirical findings for advancing the practices of OA book publishing, preservation and research.
Determinants of consumer's online shopping intention during COVID-19
Authors: El Moussaoui Alaa Eddine , Benbba Brahim
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to determine the factors that influence the consumer’s online shopping intention in the current pandemic context (COVID-19). For this purpose, a conceptual model has been developed by introducing the constructs “attitude,” “perceived utility,” “intention” as well as the variable “perceived risk of contagion.”

Design/methodology/approach

After collecting data from the questionnaire diffused in Moroccan e-commerce websites, this study used various statistical analyses with the multiple regression model on the SPSS statistical software to confirm or refute the research hypotheses.

Findings

The results indicate that attitude and perceived utility positively affect online shopping intention. However, the variable “perceived risk of contagion” has a weak effect on such intention, which can be explained by the period in which the survey was started (a few months after the confinement).

Originality/value

The scientific contribution of this study lies in the insertion of a new factor that will be called “perceived risk of contagion” in the research model. This factor has been inspired by the perceived risk theory of Bauer (1960). Furthermore, all studies dealing with this topic have been carried out in developed countries, such as France, Great Britain, Germany and the USA. For this reason, the researcher believe that it is more appropriate to study the intention to buy online during the COVID-19 pandemic in one of the developing countries, such as Morocco. This is based on the fact that to develop theories, it is necessary to examine a given problem in several countries. The context plays a determining role in such situations.
Islamic rationality of Muslim consumers: new insight from text analytics and Al-Ghazali’s thought
Authors: Sholihin Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to review 69 studies related to Muslim consumer behavior and determine the relationship between these topics and Islamic rationality. In addition, this paper elaborates on Al-Ghazali’s Islamic rationality model.

Design/methodology/approach

A text analytics approach is used to map 69 studies on Muslim consumer behavior. In addition, the historical-critical and inductive approach is used to identify Muslim scholars’ concepts and opinions regarding Islamic rationality, especially Al-Ghazali.

Findings

This study confirms that Muslim consumer behavior is in line with the concept of Islamic rationality proposed by Al-Ghazali. This is evidenced by a strong awareness of Islamic morals and values, which fosters a high commitment to halal products.

Practical implications

The findings of this study will provide essential benefits in the development of Islamic rationality theory, which can then be used as an alternative in explaining Muslim consumer behavior and also can be used as a reference for stakeholders in the industry to mainstream halalfication on products offered in the Muslim market.

Originality/value

The value of originality in this study lies in identifying the relation between Islamic rationality and Muslim consumer behavior, and this effort was confirmed through 69 selected studies related to Muslim consumer behavior.
Tata group and business response to disability (1951 to 1992) medical interventions, rehabilitation, and livelihood
Authors: Choudhury Kaul Sanjukta , Ghosh Nandini
Published: June 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to trace Tata Group’s role in responding to disability in the decades immediately following India’s independence until the preliberalization period of the Indian economy, i.e. from the 1950s to the 1990s.

Design/methodology/approach

This study’s methodology entailed a historiographical approach and archival engagement at Tata Archives (Pune, India) of the company documents. Materials and records of the Tata Company between 1942 and 1992.

Findings

Adopting the corporate culture lens, the study findings show that Tata Group demonstrated an active prosocial corporate approach toward disability. In a period governed by the ideology of a state-dominated developmental approach, Tata Group’s initiatives were related to medical interventions for a wide spectrum of disabilities, rehabilitation and efforts to ensure persons with disabilities (PWDS)’ livelihood.

Originality/value

Disability, in the neoliberalized economic landscape of India, is an emergent business issue for companies espousing workplace diversity. The historical understanding of business engagement with disability from postindependence to liberalization in India remains, however, limited. In postindependence India, the passive business response to disability emerged within an ethical and discretionary framework, with charity and philanthropy as the main modes of engagement. In this background, this paper explores Tata’s response to disability and PWDs, which was distinct.
The influence of social capital on knowledge sharing: the moderated mediator of perceived supervisor support and psychological ownership
Authors: Oh Jihye , Han Seung-Hyun , Wang Jia , Yoon Seung Won
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Drawing on the theories of social capital and leader–member exchange (LMX), the authors examined the moderated mediation relationships of psychological ownership and perceived supervisory support on social capital and organizational knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach

To test the proposed model, the authors collected data from 522 employees working in large corporations in South Korea.

Findings

The authors found that (a) social capital was positively related to organizational knowledge sharing, (b) perceived supervisor support mediated the linkage between social capital and knowledge sharing and (c) psychological ownership moderated the indirect effect of social capital on knowledge sharing through perceived supervisor support, such that the indirect effect was stronger for employees with low rather than high psychological ownership.

Originality/value

This study sheds new light on how the nature of relationship between the leader and followers as well as individual's psychological ownership play a crucial role in knowledge sharing.
Motivating language and employees’ need satisfaction to service quality: conservation of resources and speech act theories
Authors: Rabiul Md Karim , Hasan Md. Kamrul , Miraz Mahadi Hasan , Karim Rashed Al
Published: June 2023

Purpose

Drawing on conservation of resources (CoR) and speech act theories, the authors tested the relationship between managers’ motivating language (ML) and employee service quality and psychological relatedness and competence as mediating variables between their associations.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a convenient sampling technique, the authors collected 366 hotel employees’ opinions in Malaysia and analysed them in partial least squares-structural equation modelling.

Findings

Three forms of ML, psychological competence and relatedness correlate with employees’ service quality. Although direction-giving language is correlated with competence, empathetic and meaning-making language are not; thus, competence only mediates the relationship between direction-giving language and service quality. Three types (direction-giving, empathetic and meaning-making) of managers’ communication are correlated with relatedness; thus, relatedness mediates the association between the three types of language and service quality.

Practical implications

Hospitality managers are encouraged to enhance psychological relatedness and competence by practising an appropriate ML. Psychological relatedness and competence are significant mechanisms that enlighten the effects of supervisory communicant on service quality, indicating employees’ need satisfaction should be improved.

Originality/value

Our study contributes to speech act and CoR theories by explaining the relationship between ML, psychological relatedness, competence and service quality.
Behaviors scale towards sustainable nutrition: development and validity-reliability analysis
Authors: Garipoglu Gokcen , Meral Koc Bilge , Ozlu Tugce
Published: June 2023

Purpose

The evaluation of sustainable eating behaviors of individuals who constitute the society is important in the interpretation of both health-related and environmental effects. Therefore, this study aims to develop a valid and reliable scale to assess the sustainable food consumption behaviors of adults living in Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach

The validity of the scale was evaluated by using the factor analysis, correlation analysis and comparison of the lower and upper 27% groups with the t-test technique. Cronbach’s alpha (CA), split-half, parallel and strict criteria were used to determine the internal consistency of the scale, and the Pearson correlation analysis was conducted for the test and retest. The explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to test construct validity.

Findings

The total variance rate explained by all the factors was 77.03%. CA value of the scale was 0.92, and the test–retest reliability coefficient was 0.96. The difference between the lower and upper 27% group means was significant at the p < 0.05 level. The factor structure of the scale was confirmed by the results of the confirmatory factor analysis.

Originality/value

There are scales in the international literature that have been validated to evaluate various aspects of behaviors related to sustainable food consumption (Tobler et al., 2011; Verain et al., 2015). However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no validity and reliability studies of a scale developed in Turkey on sustainable food consumption of adults.
Publication and use of genetic tools in conservation management applications—A systematic review
Authors: Tkach Kevin , Watson Maggie J.
Published: June 2023

Genetics tools are used in applied conservation management for taxonomic identification, delineation of management units, management of wild populations, captive breeding and reintroduction and control of invasive species, disease and hybridisation.

To assess the extent to which genetic tools are being used for applied conservation management, we conducted a systematic literature review of over 53,767 papers focussing on wildlife research that reported results on species delineation, translocations and population augmentation. We synthesised information on papers that used genetics tools in an expressly applied manner across all wildlife species.

We found that the application of genetics tools in conservation management was biased towards fishes, mammals and birds and northern hemisphere locations, especially the United States and Europe.

Despite genetics tools being a highly published topic, it was difficult to find published applications of these tools in both the primary and the grey literature. Of the 115 papers on 152 species that could be considered an applied use of a genetics tool expressly for conservation management, only 49 had definable applied outcomes. The remaining 66 made recommendations, but it was often unclear if the recommendations were ever used to make conservation management decisions because of the time‐lag between publication of the initial recommendation and publication of the results of the use of the tool in a conservation management situation, as well as the lack of dissemination in the primary literature.

Our study highlights the relative low publication rate of applications of genetics tools compared to the general conservation genetics field. These tools appear to have either a low percentage of translations into publication (‘conservation genetics publishing gap’) or a poor uptake among wildlife conservation managers (‘conservation genetics gap’)—the two are indistinguishable in this review.

Policy implications. Conservation genetics tools must be brought to the forefront of conservation policy and management. Users should support the use of systems and accessible databases to increase the uptake of genetics tools for conservation in applied management decisions for wildlife, reducing barriers to disseminating the results to other end users and interested parties.
Linking agricultural diversification practices, soil arthropod communities and soil health
Authors: Elmquist Dane C. , Kahl Kendall B. , Johnson‐Maynard Jodi L. , Eigenbrode Sanford D.
Published: June 2023

Soil arthropods comprise a substantial portion of soil biodiversity and regulate processes in the soil ecosystem. Despite this, cropping system diversification designed to improve soil health for agriculture is rarely evaluated for its effects on soil arthropod biodiversity and community structure. As a result, soil arthropods are not usually considered in management decisions.

To address this gap, we evaluated the effects of agricultural diversification through rotation on soil arthropods and soil properties using replicated large‐plot field studies representing two climatically distinct agroecological classes (AECs) in the dryland cereal‐growing region of the inland Pacific Northwest, USA. We investigated how different 3‐year annual crop rotations affected soil arthropod biodiversity and community structure. Treatments reflected ‘business‐as‐usual’ rotations in dryland systems and diversified rotations achieved by incorporating novel winter pea (WP) or forage crops (FORs). We also assessed relationships between the Soil Biological Quality index (QBS‐ar), which uses soil arthropods as bioindicators of soil health, and other biological and physiochemical soil health indicators.

We collected 710 community samples with 82,509 arthropod specimens across 66 taxa. Novel crops in diversified rotations promoted soil arthropod abundance and biodiversity relative to crops they could replace in rotation. Crop type determined community composition. Most taxa driving differences in community structure were predators and detritivores associated with WP and FORs. In addition to effects on soil arthropods associated with specific crops, effects were also detected across rotations. Incorporating WP into rotations improved QBS‐ar across entire rotations, not just in the WP phases, in both AECs. Links between QBS‐ar and other soil health indicators were complex and varied by AEC.

Synthesis and applications: Soil arthropods respond to agricultural diversification and can be used as bioindicators to assess the effects of diversification on soil health. Below‐ground arthropod communities are structured by crop type, suggesting that planting specific crops may promote soil arthropods and their services. We showed that incorporating winter pea and forage crops into dryland cereal rotations supported soil arthropod biodiversity and soil health. Results indicate that soil arthropod assessments can be included in the soil health framework to guide agricultural management decisions.
The evolution of intramitochondriality in Midichloria bacteria
Authors: Floriano Anna Maria , Batisti Biffignandi Gherard , Castelli Michele , Olivieri Emanuela , Clementi Emanuela , Comandatore Francesco , Rinaldi Laura , Opara Maxwell , Plantard Olivier , Palomar Ana M. , Noël Valérie , Vijay Amrita , Lo Nathan , Makepeace Benjamin L. , Duron Olivier , Jex Aaron , Guy Lionel , Sassera Davide
Published: June 2023

Midichloria spp. are intracellular bacterial symbionts of ticks. Representatives of this genus colonise mitochondria in the cells of their hosts. To shed light on this unique interaction we evaluated the presence of an intramitochondrial localization for three Midichloria in the respective tick host species and generated eight high‐quality draft genomes and one closed genome, showing that this trait is non‐monophyletic, either due to losses or multiple acquisitions. Comparative genomics supports the first hypothesis, as the genomes of non‐mitochondrial symbionts are reduced subsets of those capable of colonising the organelles. We detect genomic signatures of mitochondrial tropism, including the differential presence of type IV secretion system and flagellum, which could allow the secretion of unique effectors and/or direct interaction with mitochondria. Other genes, including adhesion molecules, proteins involved in actin polymerisation, cell wall and outer membrane proteins, are only present in mitochondrial symbionts. The bacteria could use these to manipulate host structures, including mitochondrial membranes, to fuse with the organelles or manipulate the mitochondrial network.
Are there financial stability gains from international macroprudential policy coordination?
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Zhang Xiao
Published: June 2023

We construct a core‐periphery theoretical model based on the cross‐border spillover effects of macroprudential policies, to calculate the financial stability gains from macroprudential policy coordination between the two countries. Numerical simulation results show that the gains from coordination between the core and the periphery are zero when facing reverse monetary policy shocks, when macroprudential policy coordination is not needed; however, in the case of high simultaneous loosening (tightening) of monetary policies in both countries, the macroprudential policy coordination mechanism can reduce the negative externalities of cross‐border financial spillovers and increase the total gains from financial stability; the total gains from macroprudential policy coordination increase as the peripheral macroprudential policy operating space decreases, the degree of cross‐border financial spillovers increases, and the degree of cross‐border spillovers from core monetary policy increases. Therefore, the international coordination of macroprudential policies has certain possibilities and necessities.
Exploring the occupational experiences of livestock farmers during drought: A narrative inquiry
Authors: Healing Kirsty , Lowrie Daniel
Published: June 2023

Introduction

For much of the 21st century, Australia has endured the most prolonged and severe drought since records began. This drought has been found to have negative and long‐lasting consequences upon both the physical and mental well‐being of farmers and their families. To date, however, no research has examined the experience of drought from an occupational perspective.

Objective

This study aims to explore the way in which drought impacts upon the lived experience of the farming role and the way in which the occupational identity of farmers influences the meanings attributed, and response to, drought.

Methods

Narrative inquiry and thematic analysis were used to explore the experiences of drought among six farming men and four farming women from Northern Queensland.

Findings

Four inter‐related themes were identified. These being: ‘Becoming a farmer – Rites of passage on entry to the farming role’; ‘Farmers as guardians over the land’; ‘Drought as siege’ and; ‘Leisure occupations as temporary bridges to a world beyond drought’. Each of these themes offer insights into the way in which drought comes to be understood by farmers and, in turn, experienced and responded to.

Conclusion

By better understanding the occupational experiences of farmers during drought, resources can be more effectively targeted towards promoting occupational balance and well‐being. Interventions aimed at reframing the way in which the farming role is conceptualised from a young age and supporting occupations beyond farming as bridges to the outside world may be effective in achieving positive outcomes during drought.
Timelines of adverse event journeys of LVAD patients
Authors: Movahedi Faezeh , Kanwar Manreet K. , Antaki James F.
Published: June 2023

Objective

The INTERMACS Events data set contains an expansive collection of temporal evidence of the course of adverse events (AEs) of >15 000 patients that have received a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). The chronology of AEs may contain insightful information of the “AE journeys” of LVAD patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the timelines of AEs within the INTERMACS database.

Methods

Descriptive statistics were applied to 86 912 recorded AEs of 15 820 patients with a continuous flow‐LVAD between 2008 to 2016, extracted from INTERMACS registry. The characteristics of the timelines of AE journeys were investigated by posing six descriptive research questions.

Results

The analysis revealed several time‐related characteristics and patterns of the AE journey after LVAD including the most common time of occurrences of AEs after surgery, duration of AEs journeys, the time of first and last AEs, and the time gaps between AEs.

Conclusion

The INTERMACS Event dataset is a valuable resource for research about the timeline of AE journeys of patients who received an LVAD. It is necessary for future studies to first explore and consider the time‐related characteristics of the data set such as diversity and sparsity to effectively choose an appropriate scope of time and time granularity and to acknowledge potential challenges.
Letter: Post‐COVID‐19 functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Dai Cong , Huang Yu‐Hong , Jiang Min
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Marasco et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17513 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17554
Editorial: The US burden of HRS‐AKI—Putting numbers to the problem
Authors: Frager Shalom Z. , Sigal Samuel H.
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Singal et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17232 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17562
Letter: for improved prognostic value, use MAFLD
Authors: Crane Harry , Eslick Guy D. , George Jacob
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Fu et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17397
Letter: determining priorities for patients with faecal incontinence and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Luo Yuying , Jodorkovsky Daniela , Singh Priyanka , Keefer Laurie A.
Published: June 2023

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Goodoory et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17465 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17571
Survival and late mortality among patients who survived disease‐free for 2 years after stem cell transplantation
Authors: Wu Linnan , Wu Yibo , Shi Jimin , Lai Xiaoyu , Zhao Yanmin , Liu Lizhen , Yu Jian , Yang Luxin , Zhu Panpan , Zheng Weiyan , Hu Yongxian , Wu Wenjun , Zhu Yuanyuan , Cai Zhen , Huang He , Luo Yi
Published: June 2023

Most events that limit life expectancy after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) occur within the first 2 years; however, treatment outcomes in long‐term survivors who survive for at least 2 years post‐HSCT without relapse are yet to be elucidated. To explore the life expectancy trends and late complications and to assess the main mortality‐related factors, we investigated the characteristics of patients who received allo‐HSCT for haematological malignancies from 2007 to 2019 in our centre and survived in remission for 2 years. A cohort of 831 patients was enrolled; of these, 508 received grafts from haploidentical‐related donors (61.1%). The estimated overall survival rate at 10 years was 91.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.8–93.5), which was affected by prior grade III–IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) (hazard ratio [HR], 2.98; 95% CI, 1.47–6.03; p = 0.002) and severe chronic GVHD (HR, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.93–6.71; p < 0.001). The probability of late relapse and non‐relapse mortality at 10 years was 8.7% (95% CI, 6.9–10.8) and 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5–5.1) respectively. The top cause of late mortality was relapsed (49.0%). Projected long‐term survival in 2‐year disease‐free survivors following allo‐HSCT was excellent. Strategies should be implemented to minimise the late death‐specific hazards in recipients.
Environmental inequality and disparities in school readiness: The role of neurotoxic lead
Authors: Schachner Jared N. , Wodtke Geoffrey T.
Published: June 2023

Developmental science has increasingly scrutinized how environmental hazards influence child outcomes, but few studies examine how contaminants affect disparities in early skill formation. Linking research on environmental inequality and early childhood development, this study assessed whether differences in exposure to neurotoxic lead explain sociodemographic gaps in school readiness. Using panel data tracking a representative sample of 1266 Chicago children (50% female, 16% White, 30% Black, 49% Hispanic, μage = 5.2 months at baseline, collected 1994–2002), analyses quantified the contribution of lead contamination to class and racial disparities in vocabulary skills and attention problems at ages 4 and 5. Results suggested that lead contamination explains 15%–25% and 33%–66% of the disparities in each outcome, respectively, although imprecise estimates preclude drawing firm inferences about attention problems.
Network structure of the links between extracurricular time‐use and delinquent behaviors: Moving forward and beyond linear relations
Authors: Xia Yiwei , Ma Zhihao
Published: June 2023

Using psychological network analysis, this study explored the heterogeneity of the network structure between extracurricular time‐use and delinquency using a nationally representative longitudinal survey of at‐school students in China (N = 10,279, 47.3% female, average age 13.6, 91.2% Han ethnicity). The results are threefold: First, time stimulation of activities occurs on weekdays, while time displacement and stimulation occur on weekends. Second, delinquent behaviors are positively correlated, forming a problem behavior syndrome. Smoking or drinking is the central delinquent behavior. Third, negative consequences of specific time‐use behaviors are more likely to occur on weekends than on weekdays, and time‐use behavior may function differently on weekdays versus weekends. Among them, going to coffeenets or game‐centers serves as the bridge with the highest potential of triggering delinquency.
School integration of immigrant children in Belgium
Authors: Desmée Lise , Cebotari Victor
Published: June 2023

This study examines the social, learning and emotional needs of immigrant children enrolled in an educational preparatory programme before transitioning to the formal school system in Belgium. Data for this study were collected through 12 semi‐structured interviews with teachers and programme coordinators in four secondary schools and four reception centres in the greater Brussels region in 2020. Findings reveal that schools and teachers are increasingly aware of the complex needs of immigrant children and can address these needs through various channels, such as organizing school and extra‐curricular activities, adapting teaching approaches to match children's individual learning requirements, and incorporating the language and culture of students into the learning process. These efforts foster a relationship of trust between teachers and students, creating an environment in which children learn and feel secure. However, several risk factors, including the lack of teacher training for working with immigrant children, insufficient guidance of children through the programme, the need to motivate children to continue learning, the absence of methodological tools for teaching children with low literacy rates, the mixture of children of different ages, and unaddressed emotional trauma, could potentially impede the learning and school integration process of immigrant children.
On the Problems Solved by Cognitive Processes
Authors: Smaldino Paul E. , Pietraszewski David , Wertz Annie E.
Published: June 2023

Cognitive scientists have focused too narrowly on the acquisition of data and on the methods to extract patterns from those data. We argue that a successful science of the mind requires widening our focus to include the problems being solved by cognitive processes. Frameworks that characterize cognitive processes in terms of instrumental problem‐solving, such as those within the evolutionary social sciences, become necessary if we wish to discover more accurate descriptions of those processes.
Temporal trends of de novo urological malignancy in renal transplant recipients without a cancer history: A longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Lu Kevin , Chiu Kun‐Yuan
Published: June 2023

Background

The incidence of malignancies after successful kidney transplantation has historically been higher than in the general population, with adverse impact on clinical outcomes. However, uncertainty remains as to which cancers occur at what time points after kidney transplantation.

Methods

We conducted a longitudinal cohort study to investigate the temporal trends and topographic patterns of de novo malignancies to optimize surveillance protocols and improve transplant outcome in renal transplant recipients. Measurement of death and cancer events was performed to calculate the cumulative risk of events of interest.

Results

Between 2000 and 2013, 3169 renal transplant recipients were retrospectively screened; 3035 (96%) of them met eligibility criteria and were evaluated with a follow‐up of 27612 person‐years. There was suboptimal overall survival and malignancy‐free survival in renal transplant recipients compared to reference groups (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.50–1.82; p < .001; HR: 2.33; 95% CI: 2.04–2.66; p < .001, respectively). Among renal transplant recipients, urological malignancies were predominant (57.5%), followed by digestive tract malignancies (21.4%). The cancer risks of the urinary bladder and upper urinary tract were lower in male subjects (HR: .48; 95% CI: .33–.72; p < .001; HR: .34; 95% CI: .20–.59; p < .001, respectively). The temporal trends of urological malignancies among renal transplant recipients were expressed in a bimodal pattern, with M‐shaped peaks at 3 and 9 years, with gender disparity.

Conclusions

In renal transplant recipients, cancer occurrences are shown as M‐shaped twin peaks. Our study highlights that specific customized 'targeted' strategies for cancer surveillance programs are required to optimize posttransplant care.
Intra‐EU migration, public transfers and assimilation
Authors: Suari‐Andreu Eduard , van Vliet Olaf
Published: June 2023

In this study, we investigate the assimilation of EU migrants via the receipt of public transfers using high‐quality administrative panel data for the Netherlands. Research on this topic has relevant implications for EU expansion policy, migration policy, and perception of migrants in host societies. The data that we employ contain comprehensive information on all public transfers that individuals can receive. Results show that free entry from other EU countries decreases both the share of individuals who receive public transfers and the average amount received. The differences between EU migrants and natives are particularly large during the first years after arrival in the Netherlands, and become indistinguishable from zero after seven years. This indicates a process of gradual assimilation into public transfer receipt. Further exploration using an Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition reveals important composition effects that are due mostly to differences in age and variables related to family structure.
Estimation of fatty liver disease clinical role on glucose metabolic remodelling phenotypes and T2DM onset
Authors: Martinez‐Urbistondo Diego , Huerta Ana , Navarro‐González David , Sánchez‐Iñigo Laura , Fernandez‐Montero Alejandro , Landecho Manuel F. , Martinez J. Alfredo , Pastrana‐Delgado Juan C.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), prediabetes (PreDM) and Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) share pathophysiological pathways concerning type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset. The non‐invasive assessment of fatty liver combined with PreDM and MetS features screening might provide further accuracy in predicting hyperglycemic status in the clinical setting with the putative description of singular phenotypes. The objective of the study is to evaluate and describe the links of a widely available FLD surrogate ‐the non‐invasive serological biomarker Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI)‐ with previously described T2DM risk predictors, such as preDM and MetS in forecasting T2DM onset.

Patients and methods

A retrospective ancillary cohort study was performed on 2799 patients recruited in the Vascular‐Metabolic CUN cohort. The main outcome was the incidence of T2DM according to ADA criteria. MetS and PreDM were defined according to ATP III and ADA criteria, respectively. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) with standardized thresholds was used to discriminate patients with FLD, which was referred as estimated FLD (eFLD).

Results

MetS and PreDM were more common in patients with eFLD as compared to those with an HSI < 36 points (35% vs 8% and 34% vs. 18%, respectively). Interestingly, eFLD showed clinical effect modification with MetS and PreDM in the prediction of T2DM [eFLD‐MetS interaction HR = 4.48 (3.37‐5.97) and eFLD‐PreDM interaction HR = 6.34 (4.67‐8.62)]. These findings supported the description of 5 different liver status‐linked phenotypes with increasing risk of T2DM: Control group (1,5% of T2DM incidence), eFLD patients (4,4% of T2DM incidence), eFLD and MetS patients (10,6% of T2DM incidence), PreDM patients (11,1% of T2DM incidence) and eFLD and PreDM patients (28,2% of T2DM incidence). These phenotypes provided independent capacity of prediction of T2DM incidence after adjustment for age, sex, tobacco and alcohol consumption, obesity and number of SMet features with a c‐Harrell=0.84.

Conclusion

Estimated Fatty Liver Disease using HSI criteria (eFLD) interplay with MetS features and PreDM might help to discriminate patient risk of T2DM in the clinical setting through the description of independent metabolic risk phenotypes.

[Correction added on 15 June 2023, after first online publication: The abstract section was updated in this current version.]
Coevolution of species colonisation rates controls food‐chain length in spatially structured food webs
Authors: Calcagno Vincent , David Patrice , Jarne Philippe , Massol François
Published: June 2023

How the complexity of food webs depends on environmental variables is a long‐standing ecological question. It is unclear though how food‐chain length should vary with adaptive evolution of the constitutive species. Here we model the evolution of species colonisation rates and its consequences on occupancies and food‐chain length in metacommunities. When colonisation rates can evolve, longer food‐chains can persist. Extinction, perturbation and habitat loss all affect evolutionarily stable colonisation rates, but the strength of the competition‐colonisation trade‐off has a major role: weaker trade‐offs yield longer chains. Although such eco‐evo dynamics partly alleviates the spatial constraint on food‐chain length, it is no magic bullet: the highest, most vulnerable, trophic levels are also those that least benefit from evolution. We provide qualitative predictions regarding how trait evolution affects the response of communities to disturbance and habitat loss. This highlights the importance of eco‐evolutionary dynamics at metacommunity level in determining food‐chain length.
Perceived seizure risk in epilepsy: Chronic electronic surveys with and without concurrent electroencephalography
Authors: Cui Jie , Balzekas Irena , Nurse Ewan , Viana Pedro , Gregg Nicholas , Karoly Philippa , Stirling Rachel E. , Worrell Gregory , Richardson Mark P. , Freestone Dean R. , Brinkmann Benjamin H.
Published: June 2023

Objective

Previous studies suggested that patients with epilepsy might be able to forecast their own seizures. This study aimed to assess the relationships between premonitory symptoms, perceived seizure risk, and future and recent self‐reported and electroencephalographically (EEG)‐confirmed seizures in ambulatory patients with epilepsy in their natural home environments.

Methods

Long‐term e‐surveys were collected from patients with and without concurrent EEG recordings. Information obtained from the e‐surveys included medication adherence, sleep quality, mood, stress, perceived seizure risk, and seizure occurrences preceding the survey. EEG seizures were identified. Univariate and multivariate generalized linear mixed‐effect regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for the assessment of the relationships. Results were compared with the seizure forecasting classifiers and device forecasting literature using a mathematical formula converting OR to equivalent area under the curve (AUC).

Results

Fifty‐four subjects returned 10 269 e‐survey entries, with four subjects acquiring concurrent EEG recordings. Univariate analysis revealed that increased stress (OR = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–3.61, AUC = .61, p = .02) was associated with increased relative odds of future self‐reported seizures. Multivariate analysis showed that previous self‐reported seizures (OR = 5.37, 95% CI = 3.53–8.16, AUC = .76, p < .001) were most strongly associated with future self‐reported seizures, and high perceived seizure risk (OR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.87–5.95, AUC = .69, p < .001) remained significant when prior self‐reported seizures were added to the model. No correlation with medication adherence was found. No significant association was found between e‐survey responses and subsequent EEG seizures.

Significance

Our results suggest that patients may tend to self‐forecast seizures that occur in sequential groupings and that low mood and increased stress may be the result of previous seizures rather than independent premonitory symptoms. Patients in the small cohort with concurrent EEG showed no ability to self‐predict EEG seizures. The conversion from OR to AUC values facilitates direct comparison of performance between survey and device studies involving survey premonition and forecasting.