bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dissolution and antioxidant potential of apigenin self nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for oral delivery
Authors: Morakul Boontida , Teeranachaideekul Veerawat , Limwikrant Waree , Junyaprasert Varaporn Buraphacheep
Published: April 2024

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have been used to improve the oral bioavailability of various drugs. In the current study, apigenin was developed as SNEDDS to solve its dissolution problem and enhance oral bioavailability and antioxidant potential. SNEDDS were prepared by mixing Gelucire 44/14, Tween 80, and PEG 400 under controlled conditions. The droplet of diluted SNEDDS demonstrated a spherical shape with a size of less than 100 nm and a neutral charge. The very fast self-emulsification was obtained within 32 s, and the transmittance values exceeded 99%. The highest drug loading was 90.10 ± 0.24% of the initial load with the highest %encapsulation efficiency of 84.20 ± 0.03%. FT-IR and DSC spectra showed no interaction between components. The dissolution in buffer pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8 showed significantly higher dissolved apigenin than the apigenin coarse powder. The dissolution profiles were fitted to the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetics. The cellular antioxidant activities in Caco-2 cells were approximately 52.25–54.64% compared to no treatment and were higher than the apigenin coarse powder (12.70%). Our work highlights the potential of SNEDDS to enhance the dissolution and permeability of apigenin and promote antioxidant efficacy, which has a strong chance of being developed as a bioactive compound for nutraceuticals.
The dual role of Spn-E in supporting heterotypic ping-pong piRNA amplification in silkworms
Authors: Izumi Natsuko , Shoji Keisuke , Negishi Lumi , Tomari Yukihide
Published: April 2024

The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway plays a crucial role in silencing transposons in the germline. piRNA-guided target cleavage by PIWI proteins triggers the biogenesis of new piRNAs from the cleaved RNA fragments. This process, known as the ping-pong cycle, is mediated by the two PIWI proteins, Siwi and BmAgo3, in silkworms. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of the ping-pong cycle remains largely unclear. Here, we show that Spindle-E (Spn-E), a putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase, is essential for BmAgo3-dependent production of Siwi-bound piRNAs in the ping-pong cycle and that this function of Spn-E requires its ATPase activity. Moreover, Spn-E acts to suppress homotypic Siwi–Siwi ping-pong, but this function of Spn-E is independent of its ATPase activity. These results highlight the dual role of Spn-E in facilitating proper heterotypic ping-pong in silkworms.
Construction of a novel near-infrared fluorescent Nile blue@MOF nanoprobe for imaging mitochondrial ATP in living cells
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Cheng Xinfeng , Lei Minglin , Zong Luyi , Gao Mengying , Du XianChao , Liu Xueguo , Qiu Dongfang , Xing Xiaojing
Published: April 2024

A near-infrared fluorescent Nile Blue-capped ZIF-90 nanoprobe is first proposed for imaging mitochondrial ATP. Owing to the strong binding of ATP with Zn 2+, the structure of the probe is disrupted, leading to the release of fluorescent NB.
Development of a label-free, sensitive gold nanoparticles–poly(adenine) aptasensing platform for colorimetric determination of aflatoxin B1 in corn
Authors: Shayesteh Omid Heydari , Derakhshandeh Katayoun , Ranjbar Akram , Mahjub Reza , Farmany Abbas
Published: April 2024

Presentation of a PDDA-induced AuNP aggregation-based colorimetric aptasensor.
Nonheme binuclear transition metal complexes with hydrosulfide and polychalcogenides
Authors: Hossain Kamal , Atta Sayan , Chakraborty Anuj Baran , Karmakar Soumik , Majumdar Amit
Published: April 2024

An overview of the synthetic methods, structural properties, and reactivity of nonheme binuclear first-row transition metal complexes featuring hydrosulfide and polychalcogenides is presented.
Structural diversity and tetrel bonding significance in lead(ii) complexes with pyrazoylisonicotinoylhydrazone and varied anionic co-ligands
Authors: Mahmoudi Ghodrat , García-Santos Isabel , Fernández-Vázquez Roi , Gomila Rosa M. , Castiñeiras Alfonso , Doustkhah Esmail , Zangrando Ennio , Frontera Antonio
Published: April 2024

Four lead(ii) complexes featuring pyrazoylisonicotinoylhydrazone ligand paired with various anionic co-ligands were synthesized and X-ray characterized, exhibiting tetrel bonding interactions.
Surface phase diagrams from nested sampling
Authors: Yang Mingrui , Pártay Livia B. , Wexler Robert B.
Published: April 2024

From nested sampling, we compute the partition function and, from that, the phase diagram of gas adsorbates, including their anharmonic and configurational degrees of freedom, on flat and stepped surfaces of the Lennard-Jones solid.
Rich essential properties of silicon-substituted graphene nanoribbons: a comprehensive computational study
Authors: Hoat D. M. , Dien Vo Khuong , Ho Quoc Duy , Dam Dang Phuc , Tien Nguyen Thanh , Nguyen Duy Khanh
Published: April 2024

The diverse structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of silicon (Si)-substituted armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs and ZGNRs) were investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Improved structure stability and performance of a LiFeSO4F cathode material for lithium-ion batteries by magnesium substitution
Authors: Guo Zhendong , Wang Tieyan , Ni Mingchen , Song Fenhong , Fan Jing , Dong Xiaorui , Wang Dashuai
Published: April 2024

The electrochemical inactive Mg2+ substituted the Fe(2) site of LiFeSO4F. The Mg2+ could improve the structure stability during the lithium ion de-/insertion, thus the Mg-substituted LiFeSO4F exhibits outstanding electrochemical cycling stability.
Fast formation of anode-free Li–metal batteries by pulsed current
Authors: Cicvarić Katarina , Pohlmann Sebastian , Zhang Bojing , Rahmanian Fuzhan , Merker Leon , Gaberšček Miran , Stein Helge Sören
Published: April 2024

Pulsed current protocol enables acceleration of battery formation process and increase in Coulombic efficiency compared to the conventional, constant-current protocol.
Multiferroicity driven by single-atom adsorption on the two-dimensional semiconductor ScCl3
Authors: Liang Yu , Sun Huasheng , Li Xiang , Zhu Leichuang , Bi Menghao , Du Zhengxiao , Huang Chengxi , Wu Fang
Published: April 2024

K@ScCl3 exhibits out-of-plane ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties. Its 2D polarization is ∼4.65 pC m−1 with a transition barrier of 57 meV per f.u. Monte Carlo simulations suggest a Curie temperature of ∼37 K.
A safer, greener and faster synthesis process of sodium azide by simply altering the alcohol reactant
Authors: Yan Zifei , Deng Jian , Tian Jiaxin , Luo Guangsheng
Published: April 2024

This work employed benzyl alcohol to replace the traditional small molecular alcohol in the synthesis process of sodium azide, and proposed a complete mechanism network to guide process optimization.
Development of a microfluidic device to enrich and detect zearalenone in food using quantum dot-embedded molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Hua Marti Z. , Li Shenmiao , Roopesh M. S. , Lu Xiaonan
Published: April 2024

A QD-MIP based microfluidic device to detect mycotoxin in food.
Visible light active dye-sensitizing titanium dioxide/graphene composites with excellent photocatalytic activity
Authors: Li Keyu , Liang Miaoqing , Guan Fanglan , Zhang Mei , Nie Jinmei , Bao Lihong
Published: April 2024

The photocatalytic mechanism of a ternary composite system fabricated using dye sensitizing TiO2/graphene.
Myosin XI, a model of its conserved role in plant cell tip growth
Authors: Chocano-Coralla Edward J. , Vidali Luis
Published: April 2024

In eukaryotic cells, organelle and vesicle transport, positioning, and interactions play crucial roles in cytoplasmic organization and function. These processes are governed by intracellular trafficking mechanisms. At the core of that trafficking, the cytoskeleton and directional transport by motor proteins stand out as its key regulators. Plant cell tip growth is a well-studied example of cytoplasm organization by polarization. This polarization, essential for the cell's function, is driven by the cytoskeleton and its associated motors. This review will focus on myosin XI, a molecular motor critical for vesicle trafficking and polarized plant cell growth. We will center our discussion on recent data from the moss Physcomitrium patens and the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. The biochemical properties and structure of myosin XI in various plant species are discussed, highlighting functional conservation across species. We further explore this conservation of myosin XI function in the process of vesicle transport in tip-growing cells. Existing evidence indicates that myosin XI actively organizes actin filaments in tip-growing cells by a mechanism based on vesicle clustering at their tips. A hypothetical model is presented to explain the essential function of myosin XI in polarized plant cell growth based on vesicle clustering at the tip. The review also provides insight into the in vivo localization and dynamics of myosin XI, emphasizing its role in cytosolic calcium regulation, which influences the polymerization of F-actin. Lastly, we touch upon the need for additional research to elucidate the regulation of myosin function.
The ring rules the chain — inositol pyrophosphates and the regulation of inorganic polyphosphate
Authors: Khan Azmi , Mallick Manisha , Ladke Jayashree S. , Bhandari Rashna
Published: April 2024

The maintenance of phosphate homeostasis serves as a foundation for energy metabolism and signal transduction processes in all living organisms. Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs), composed of an inositol ring decorated with monophosphate and diphosphate moieties, and inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), chains of orthophosphate residues linked by phosphoanhydride bonds, are energy-rich biomolecules that play critical roles in phosphate homeostasis. There is a complex interplay between these two phosphate-rich molecules, and they share an interdependent relationship with cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). In eukaryotes, the enzymes involved in PP-InsP synthesis show some degree of conservation across species, whereas distinct enzymology exists for polyP synthesis among different organisms. In fact, the mechanism of polyP synthesis in metazoans, including mammals, is still unclear. Early studies on PP-InsP and polyP synthesis were conducted in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum, but it is in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that a clear understanding of the interplay between polyP, PP-InsPs, and Pi homeostasis has now been established. Recent research has shed more light on the influence of PP-InsPs on polyP in mammals, and the regulation of both these molecules by cellular ATP and Pi levels. In this review we will discuss the cross-talk between PP-InsPs, polyP, ATP, and Pi in the context of budding yeast, slime mould, and mammals. We will also highlight the similarities and differences in the relationship between these phosphate-rich biomolecules among this group of organisms.
Therapeutic exploitation of ferroptosis
Authors: Walravens Magali , Koeken Ine , Vanden Berghe Tom
Published: April 2024

Pathological breakdown of membrane lipids through excessive lipid peroxidation (LPO) was first described in the mid-20th century and is now recognized as a form of regulated cell death, dubbed ferroptosis. Accumulating evidence unveils how metabolic regulation restrains peroxidation of phospholipids within cellular membranes, thereby impeding ferroptosis execution. Unleashing these metabolic breaks is currently therapeutically explored to sensitize cancers to ferroptosis inducing anti-cancer therapies. Reversely, these natural ferroptotic defense mechanisms can fail resulting in pathological conditions or diseases such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, multi-organ dysfunction, stroke, infarction, or neurodegenerative diseases. This minireview outlines current ferroptosis-inducing anti-cancer strategies and highlights the detection as well as the therapeutic targeting of ferroptosis in preclinical experimental settings. Herein, we also briefly summarize observations related to LPO, iron and redox deregulation in patients that might hint towards ferroptosis as a contributing factor.
RNA m6A modification, signals for degradation or stabilisation?
Authors: Wei Guifeng
Published: April 2024

The RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is conserved across eukaryotes, and profoundly influences RNA metabolism, including regulating RNA stability. METTL3 and METTL14, together with several accessory components, form a ‘writer’ complex catalysing m6A modification. Conversely, FTO and ALKBH5 function as demethylases, rendering m6A dynamic. Key to understanding the functional significance of m6A is its ‘reader' proteins, exemplified by YTH-domain-containing proteins (YTHDFs) canonical reader and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding proteins (IGF2BPs) non-canonical reader. These proteins play a crucial role in determining RNA stability: YTHDFs mainly promote mRNA degradation through different cytoplasmic pathways, whereas IGF2BPs function to maintain mRNA stability. Additionally, YTHDC1 functions within the nucleus to degrade or protect certain m6A-containing RNAs, and other non-canonical readers also contribute to RNA stability regulation. Notably, m6A regulates retrotransposon LINE1 RNA stability and/or transcription via multiple mechanisms. However, conflicting observations underscore the complexities underlying m6A's regulation of RNA stability depending upon the RNA sequence/structure context, developmental stage, and/or cellular environment. Understanding the interplay between m6A and other RNA regulatory elements is pivotal in deciphering the multifaceted roles m6A plays in RNA stability regulation and broader cellular biology.
SUMO and the DNA damage response
Authors: Bhachoo Jai S. , Garvin Alexander J.
Published: April 2024

The preservation of genome integrity requires specialised DNA damage repair (DDR) signalling pathways to respond to each type of DNA damage. A key feature of DDR is the integration of numerous post-translational modification signals with DNA repair factors. These modifications influence DDR factor recruitment to damaged DNA, activity, protein-protein interactions, and ultimately eviction to enable access for subsequent repair factors or termination of DDR signalling. SUMO1-3 (small ubiquitin-like modifier 1-3) conjugation has gained much recent attention. The SUMO-modified proteome is enriched with DNA repair factors. Here we provide a snapshot of our current understanding of how SUMO signalling impacts the major DNA repair pathways in mammalian cells. We highlight repeating themes of SUMO signalling used throughout DNA repair pathways including the assembly of protein complexes, competition with ubiquitin to promote DDR factor stability and ubiquitin-dependent degradation or extraction of SUMOylated DDR factors. As SUMO ‘addiction’ in cancer cells is protective to genomic integrity, targeting components of the SUMO machinery to potentiate DNA damaging therapy or exacerbate existing DNA repair defects is a promising area of study.
Covalent activity-based probes for imaging of serine proteases
Authors: Skorenski Marcin , Ji Shanping , Verhelst Steven H. L.
Published: April 2024

Serine proteases are one of the largest mechanistic classes of proteases. They regulate a plethora of biochemical pathways inside and outside the cell. Aberrant serine protease activity leads to a wide variety of human diseases. Reagents to visualize these activities can be used to gain insight into the biological roles of serine proteases. Moreover, they may find future use for the detection of serine proteases as biomarkers. In this review, we discuss small molecule tools to image serine protease activity. Specifically, we outline different covalent activity-based probes and their selectivity against various serine protease targets. We also describe their application in several imaging methods.
Attitude of Speech-Language Pathology Students and Specialists Toward People Who Stutter: Inter- and Intraregional Comparisons
Authors: Chen Yu-An , Miyamoto Shoko
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to investigate the attitudes of speech-language pathology–related specialists (SPs) and speech-language pathology (SLP) students toward stuttering. Furthermore, we identified the factors that influence changes in the attitudes of SLP students and SPs in various countries.

Method:

Using a search formula, the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were used to conduct primary and secondary screening for analysis. All previous studies included in the systematic review focused on SPs or SLP students and were published in English. Studies were collected and screened independently by the first and second authors and then discussed between them. Twenty-two studies with varying research designs and sample sizes were included in the systematic review. Finally, information on authors, publishing year, participant, country or region, assessment materials, and the results were extracted and organized before analysis.

Results:

Twenty-two articles from eight countries and one region (Middle East) were extracted. The results showed that SLP students and SPs in different countries have different attitudes toward stuttering depending on their education, experience, geographic location, cultural status, and societal development, but stereotypes of people who stutter (PWS) persist (e.g., nervous), and the attitudes toward the clinics appear to be more negative in Western countries.

Conclusions:

Negative attitudes toward PWS remain among both SLP students and SPs. Thus, the factors that may influence the attitudes of SLP students and SPs should be taken into account in academic and clinical education in fluency disorders, and the education content must be structured to improve the quality of education and the attitude toward PWS.
A wide‐angle infrared lens for temperature detection in closed high‐voltage switchgear
Authors: Chen Jie , Bian Zu‐ying , Zhou Zhi‐ting , Fan Zhen‐nan
Published: April 2024

In this letter, the authors develop a wide‐angle Fresnel infrared lens for detecting temperature inside closed switchgear. Based on the structural characteristics of closed switchgear, a frame structure for the lens and a single‐sided installation method were devised. A field test was conducted to simulate temperature diagnosis and monitoring. The results indicate that the lens described in this letter enables satisfactory observation of the internal temperature of closed high‐voltage switchgear.
Enhancing dielectric properties and energy storage performance of polyvinylidene fluoride composite by surface‐modified AgNbO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Zhao Ting , Wu Dan , Xue Ying , Yi Zhihui , Kang Jinteng , Ye Ronghui , Guo Ning
Published: April 2024

The introduction of antiferroelectric filler AgNbO3 into the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer matrix enhances its energy storage properties of PVDF. However, AgNbO3 and PVDF matrix are incompatible due to their distinct physical and chemical properties, resulting in poor compatibility between the two phases. Surface modification enhances the large difference in physical and chemical properties between the filler and the polymer matrix, and improves the compatibility between the two phases. Silane coupling agents (KH550, KH560), dopamine (DA), and grafted poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were used to modify the surface of AgNbO3 particles, and the effects of different surface modification methods on the energy storage performance of the composites were studied. The PVDF matrix was introduced with 0.3 wt% AgNbO3 particle filler. The results showed that the amino group in KH550 had the strongest binding with PVDF. The ester group in PMMA has a strong binding with PVDF. The epoxy group in KH560 has a weak binding with PVDF, while the amino group in DA has the worst binding with PVDF. The compatibility of the two phases in AgNbO3@KH550/PVDF composites is the best, and the charge distribution on the surface of the filler is uniform. Under an electric field of 350 kV/mm, the energy storage density is 8.48 J/cm3.
Observed abundance of X-ray low surface brightness clusters in optical, X-ray, and SZ selected samples
Authors: Andreon S. , Trinchieri G. , Moretti A.
Published: April 2024

The comparison of the properties of galaxy cluster samples selected using observations in different wavebands may shed light on potential biases of the way in which the samples are assembled. For this comparison, we introduce a new observable that does not require previous knowledge of the cluster mass: the X-ray mean surface brightness within the central 300 kpc. We found that clusters with low surface brightness, defined as those with a mean surface brightness below 43.35 erg s−1 Mpc−2, are about one quarter of the whole cluster population in a sample of 32 clusters in the nearby Universe, selected independently of the intracluster medium properties. Almost no example of a low central surface brightness cluster exists instead in two X-ray selected samples, one sample based on XMM-Newton XXL-100 survey data and the other on full-depth eROSITA eFEDS data, although these clusters are known to exist in the range of redshift and mass as probed by these two surveys. Furthermore, the Sunayev–Zeldovich Atacama Cosmology Telescope cluster survey is even more selective than the previous two samples because it does not even include clusters with intermediate surface brightness, which are instead present in X-ray selected samples that explore the same volume of the Universe. Finally, a measure of the mean surface brightness, which is obtained without knowledge of the mass, proves to be effective in narrowing the number of clusters to be followed-up because it recognizes those with a low gas fraction or with a low X-ray luminosity for their mass. Identifying these would otherwise require knowledge of the mass for all clusters.
Techniques and technology improvement of cleaning open drainage networks in Bukhara region
Authors: Juraev F.U. , Muratov O.A. , Urinov E.F.
Published: April 2024

In Uzbekistan, including in the Bukhara region, the technical condition of the collector-drainage networks is unsatisfactory; the drainage systems are overgrown with weeds, and their cleaning remains one of the most pressing issues. As of December 2020, the total length of collector-drainage networks in the Bukhara region is 8851.6 km, of which the reclamation condition of 583.0 km is satisfactory and the reclamation condition of 160.2 km of collector-drainage networks is unsatisfactory, and performance enhancement is required. Finding solutions to these problems requires field and practical research to increase their efficiency by 50–55 percent. The article provides some scientifically based information on the development and implementation of production of technical means used in the implementation of these processes and advanced variants of technologies for their application.
Water scarcity under global climate change: Ways of addressing them in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River in Uzbekistan
Authors: Khamidov M. , Ishchanov J. , Khamidova Sh. , Isabaev K. , Altmishev A.
Published: April 2024

The article provides an analysis of global climate change and its impact on the further development of agriculture in Uzbekistan and the problems associated with the growing shortage of irrigation water in the country. Based on the example of irrigated lands in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, a region where there is the greatest water shortage and is highly susceptible to the negative impact of often repeated dry years, recommendations have been developed for the efficient use of water resources. Additionally, the recommendations for the effective use of water resources have been developed. In the conditions of meadow alluvial soils subject to salinization and shallow salinized groundwater level, it is proposed to use subsurface irrigation – subirrigation and drip irrigation for irrigation of the main crop grown in the Republic-cotton, while maintaining the pre-irrigation soil moisture at the level of 70-80-60% LSMC (lowest soil moisture capacity). The introduction of a science-based regime on cotton with subirrigation and drip irrigation methods provides conservation of water up to 1.596–1.757 (subirrigation) and 1.596–1.757 (drip irrigation) cbm/ha, as well as an increase in cotton yield with these methods of irrigation up to 6.3 centner/ha.
Assessment of the impact of poultry farms on some environmental components by the example of CJSC Novorossiysk poultry farm
Authors: Gordienko K.A. , Gordienko I.V.
Published: April 2024

Failure to take appropriate measures for waste utilisation and neutralisation has led to the fact that many poultry farms have now become sources of environmental pollution, thereby causing serious economic, environmental and social damage. In this paper we have assessed the impact of poultry farms on some components of the environment by the example of the CJSC Poultry Farm “Novorossiysk”. The main sources of impact of the poultry farm “Novorossiysk” on the environment are identified. The activity of the enterprise as a source of waste generation is studied. The level of atmospheric pollution created by emissions of the poultry farm was analysed. Easily and moderately soluble forms of elements and acid-alkaline conditions in soil were determined. The results of biotesting substrate toxicity by sprouts of indicator plants were analysed. Measures to improve the environmental situation on the territory of the CJSC Poultry Farm “Novorossiysk” and in the zone of its direct influence were recommended.
Paragenetic associations of elements in soils of agrolandscapes of the Black Sea coast in Russia
Authors: Matasova Irina , Modina Marina , Tsepordei Kseniya
Published: April 2024

The results of the study of distribution parameters of a number of elements (Cu, Co, Ni, V, Cr, Ti, Zn, Sn, Pb, Ag, Mo, Ba, Sr, P, Mn) in soils of landscapes of deciduous forests, orchards and vineyards of the Black Sea coast are presented. Geochemical peculiarities of soils of the studied landscapes have been established. The presence of statistically significant interrelations between concentrations of the studied chemical elements in soils of both original natural landscapes and technogenically transformed ones has been revealed. The trend for the increase of a concentration of P, Sr, Cu, Ba, Mn and decrease of V, Cr, Ti in soils of orchards was revealed; in soils of vineyards, it is done for accumulation of P, Sr, Cu, Ba and removal of Mn, V, Cr, Ti. Statistically significant interrelationships between the concentrations of the considered elements (in the soils of deciduous forest, there is Co-Ni, Co-Mn, Zn-Sn; in gardens, there is Ag-Zn, Co-Sn, Ni-Mo, V-Mo, Sn-Ni, Ni-Zn; vineyards contain V-Ti) were revealed, the main paragenetic associations formed in certain landscape-geochemical conditions were determined.
Electro-technological operations with planting material in horticulture and forest protection plantations
Authors: Petrukhin V.A. , Yudaev I.V. , Ivushkin D.A. , Volobuev S.V. , Prokofiev P.V. , Feklistov A.S.
Published: April 2024

The presented analysis of the conducted research allows us to speak about the possibility of a wide and technologically effective application of electro-technological operations for the preparation of healthy seedlings in the interests of horticulture, agroforestry and ornamental gardening. The use of electrophysical effects allows one to achieve high planned efficiency in the growth and development of seedlings of woody plants and splicing grafts of horticultural crops. This minimises negative anthropogenic impact on the environment and reduce the total cost of preparation of planting material. The tasks outlined in the first part can be achieved by using electrostimulation of shrub and tree seeds in the electric field of alternating high voltage, with subsequent growing of seedlings from them in a climatic chamber specially made for these purposes for afterglow. There, the optimal regime for their development and growth is created. The issues of fruit-tree grafting survival were studied separately. To solve this problem, the modes of active influence on the grafting place by electric current by means of specially made applied electrodes were studied. The voltage supply to the electrodes ensured the direct current flow through the grafting site with the required density not damaging plant tissues from 0.25 to 1.50 μA/mm2. The duration of such treatment aimed at achieving a positive effect of grafting is 7…10 days, as for example, the grafting of seed woody crops. The researched method can be recommended as an effective technological operation for grafting grapevine or a grafting place of cultural rose cuttings with local “native rosehip that are most resistant to external influences..
Constant angle line of distributing seeds and fertilisers by a horizontal centrifugal machine
Authors: Lukhanin V.A. , Khizhnyak V.I. , Psiukalo S.P. , Gordeeva Y.V. , Yudaev I.V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of research on the distribution of mineral fertilisers and seeds by centrifugal spreaders on the field surface. A uniform distribution of seeds and mineral fertilisers by centrifugal spreaders depends on a variation of such parameters as mathematical expectation of a throwing angle and its standard deviation. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to check the reliability of the results of calculating the throwing angle of a centrifugal spreader by different methods in the Mathcad programme. The article considers the equation of particle motion on the blade of a centrifugal disc in order to determine the throwing angle of particles after coming off the blade. On the basis of this equation in the Mathcad programme, calculations of the throwing angle of the centrifugal distributor are made in three ways. The first two methods of calculation involve the use of the simplified formula of M.G. Doganovsky and V.V. Ryadnykh, obtained by solving the differential equation of particle motion along the blades of the centrifugal disc by discarding the exponent with a negative exponent. The third method of calculation is performed without simplifications and is taken by us as a reference. The results of comparative analysis of the used methods of calculation are given and the assumption about the violation of symmetry of the sieving sector with the increase in the seeding rate is put forward.
Analysis of fatty acid composition of functional mayonnaise sauce with pumpkin products
Authors: Teryokhina Anastasia , Zheltoukhova Ekaterina , Kopylov Maxim
Published: April 2024

In accordance with the concept of healthy nutrition, food products consumed daily by humans should have functional ingredients in their composition, which will contribute to maintaining the health of the body. The creation of multifunctional mayonnaise products is important. The aim of the study was to analyse the fatty acid composition of mayonnaise sauce of functional purpose with the use of pumpkin products. Determination of the content of individual components of fatty acid composition of mayonnaise sauce was carried out using reference mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters Restek 35077 and Restek 35079, as well as using literature data on retention indices. The amount (concentration) of fatty acids in the studied sauce sample was determined by the method of internal normalisation by area, using the Unichrome software package. In order to determine the fatty acid composition of the developed sauce, the emulsion was separated into aqueous and fatty phases. A centrifuge having a speed of 7000 min-1 was used for the separation. As a result of the work, the fatty acid composition of mayonnaise sauce of functional purpose with the use of pumpkin processing products, with a fat content of 30% was analysed. As a result of the analysis of fatty acid composition of the obtained product it was found that it contains the following unsaturated fatty acids: lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, arachic, linolenic, gondoinic, behenic, lignoceric, with predominance of linoleic and oleic (groups 18:1 and 18:2).
Prospects for production and application of bioactive vegetable oil emulsions in food technology
Authors: Rodionova Natalya , Popov Evgeny , Zakharova Natalya , Pozhidaeva Ekaterina , Dymovskih Jana , Krjachko Sergej
Published: April 2024

The paper shows possibility of obtaining stable emulsions of bioactive vegetable oils in fermented milk medium with concentration of lipid fraction up to 50 %. Emulsifying capacity of fermented fermented milk medium in emulsions of bioactive vegetable oils is found to be 8.2–8.5 %. The influence of the rotation speed of the working element of the emulsifier in the range of 1000–3000 rpm on the emulsifying capacity of the dispersion medium and sedimentation stability of emulsions has been established. Possibility of increasing capacity and stability of emulsions by 1.3–3.9 times when emulsifiers and stabilizers of structure – egg white, lecithin, guar gum are introduced into dispersion medium in concentration up to 3.0 % is revealed. Approximating dependence of emulsifying capacity of dispersion medium on emulsifier concentration is obtained taking into account linear, quadratic and cubic influence of factor. Based on the results of experimental studies, a technology for producing emulsion drinks based on fruits and spices has been developed. The assessment of the vitamin-mineral composition of the developed beverages showed their high nutritional value, established a significant content of vitamins В3, В9, A, D, E. Satisfaction of the daily need of the body when consuming 100 g of the beverage according to these nutrients is 8.2–43.3 %. The data obtained make it possible to classify the developed emulsion drinks as products with improved consumer properties.
Shock freezing of edible honeysuckle berries for obtaining biologically active dietary ingredients
Authors: Blinnikova Olga , Novikova Irina , Ilyinsky Alexander , Eliseeva Lyudmila , Blinnikova Daria
Published: April 2024

Edible honeysuckle berries are a unique source of the most important biologically active substances for human beings. Shock freezing of these berries will provide the food industry with raw materials for enriching many products with physiologically functional ingredients of honeysuckle berries. To determine the suitability of edible honeysuckle berries for freezing the varieties were selected that have the highest quality, providing the daily requirement of the human beeing with biologically active substances and antioxidants, characterized by a high content of soluble solids, sugars, protopectin (at least 0.5%). Screening of berries according to these indicators revealed that these requirements were met by varieties Goluboi Desert, Zhimorodok, Goluboe Vereteno. They were used in our shock freezing experiments. The optimum temperature for shock freezing of honeysuckle berries has been determined experimentally - minus 35ºС. The berries were frozn in a fluidized freezing apparatus in a vibro-boiling layer 4 cm thick at -35ºС to the final temperature in the berry flesh minus 20ºС. This temperature provides the minimum loss of biologically active substances of honeysuckle berries during the shock freezing process and preservation of their properties during the following long-term storage at -18ºC. Organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of frozen berries have been determined. The changes in these indicators in the process of berry storage have been revealed. The maximum storage time of frozen berries without significant changes in their consumer properties, which is 12 months, has been established.
High resolution Sequence Stratigraphy of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Sag, the Junggar Basin
Authors: Zhou Heng , Ma Shizhong , Bao Xin
Published: April 2024

Baikouquan Formation of Lower Triassic in Mahu Sag of the Junggar Basin is one of the main reservoirs in the basin, and typical large lacustrine fan delta deposits are developed. This study is based on core observations of the western slope of the Mahu Depression. Through logging, logging, seismic and other data, and applying the principle of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy baseline cycles, a systematic analysis was conducted on the cyclic interfaces of the Baikouquan Formation at all levels on the western slope of the Mahu Depression. The research results indicate that: 1. The bottom of the Baikouquan Formation is in angular unconformity contact with the underlying Urhe Formation. The Baikouquan Formation is generally an upward deepening asymmetric cycle with a long-term base level rise, including the early stage of slow base level rise, the middle stage of continuous base level rise, and the late stage of rising to near symmetric cycle. These three stages have successively developed the sedimentary facies of the front edge of the shallow water fan delta with a retrogressive style The sedimentary facies of the outer front of the fan delta and the sedimentary facies of the front fan delta. The Baikouquan Formation as a whole is a set of retrogradational stratigraphic styles, with the bottom being the water retreat pole and the baseline being in an overall upward process. In terms of sedimentary facies, it gradually transitions from the front edge of the fan delta to the front fan delta, and vertically (from bottom to top), it goes from underwater distributary channels to front edge sheet sand and then to front fan delta mud (T1b3). The above conclusion provides a geological basis for the exploration and development of rich hydrocarbon depressions in Mahu Depression and other similar complex superimposed basins.
Optimization of reactive power in distribution networks with DG based on improved particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Xu Shanshan , Long Xuyun , Lei Lingfeng , Luo Zhiwen , Zhang Xugang
Published: April 2024

The integration of Distributed Generation (DG) into the distribution network can effectively alleviate the problems of energy shortage and air pollution, but the DG output has the characteristics of uncertainty and randomness, and the integration will lead to the change of distribution network tide distribution, which will further lead to the change of distribution network operation mode with the scale development of DG integration. In this paper, we adopt the improved particle swarm algorithm (PSO) for reactive power optimization calculation of distribution network and establish the optimization model with the system network loss as the objective function and node voltage, reactive power compensation output and transformer tapping position as the main constraints. The inertia weights of PSO are improved to make it adaptive with increasing number of iterations, and the acceleration factor is improved so that the whole particle search capability is achieved. Finally, the reactive power optimization analysis is carried out for the IEEE 33-node distribution system containing distributed power sources. The results show that DG can enhance the stability of grid operation and the proposed algorithm has good optimization performance.
Opening the way to greener photochromic and fluorescence studies by using the 6-NO2-BIPS photoswitch
Authors: Seifddine Zeytoun Hussein , Turcas Iulia , Lordez Mathieu
Published: April 2024

This article investigates the photochromic and fluorescence response of the spiropyran-derived 6-NO2-BIPS photochrome in different media using a green chemistry approach. A red fluorescence emission of the coloured form was observed in all the tested media. The spontaneous back-reaction of the UV-irradiated compound was studied by absorption spectroscopy in 2-Me-THF [t(1/2) = 19.7 s], cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) [t(1/2) = 12.6 s] and a water/ethanol/SDS solution [t(1/2) = 146 min]. The latter was found to enable quasi-P type photochrome behavior. Drop-casted and spin-coated thermoplastic polyurethane films were prepared at 1 and 2 mass percentages of 6-NO2-BIPS as a dopant. The films could offer promising results, especially in applications mimicking photochromic glass behavior.
Description and outlook of the 50,53Cr(n,γ) cross section measurement at n_TOF and HiSPANoS
Authors: Pérez-Maroto P. , Guerrero C. , Casanovas A. , Fernández B. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Altieri S. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Bacak M. , Balibrea Correa J. , Beltrami C. , Bennett S. , Bernardes A. P. , Berthoumieux E. , Beyer R. , Boromiza M. , Bosnar D. , Caamaño M. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Castelluccio D. M. , Cerutti F. , Cescutti G. , Chasapoglou S. , Chiaveri E. , Colombetti P. , Colonna N. , Console Camprini P. , Cortés G. , Cortés-Giraldo M. A. , Cosentino L. , Cristallo S. , Dellmann S. , Di Castro M. , Di Maria S. , Diakaki M. , Dietz M. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fargier S. , Fernández B. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Finocchiaro P. , Fiore S. , Furman V. , García-Infantes F. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gervino G. , Gilardoni S. , González-Romero E. , Gunsing F. , Gustavino C. , Heyse J. , Hillman W. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Junghans A. , Kadi Y. , Kaperoni K. , Kaur G. , Kimura A. , Knapová I. , Kokkoris M. , Kopatch Y. , Krtička M. , Kyritsis N. , Ladarescu I. , Lederer-Woods C. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Lerner G. , Manna A. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Mengoni A. , Michalopoulou V. , Milazzo P. M. , Mucciola R. , Murtas F. , Musacchio-Gonzalez E. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Pérez de Rada A. , Patronis N. , Pavón-Rodríguez J. A. , Pellegriti M. G. , Perkowski J. , Petrone C. , Pirovano E. , Plaza del Olmo J. , Pomp S. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Romanets Y. , Rubbia C. , Sánchez-Caballero A. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Sekhar A. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Stamati M. E. , Sturniolo A. , Tagliente G. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Tarrío D. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Vagena E. , Valenta S. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Vecchio G. , Vescovi D. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner A. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Zarrella R. , Žugec P. ,   The n_TOF Collaboration
Published: April 2024

Chromium is a very relevant element regarding criticality safety in nuclear reactors because of its presence in stainless steel, an important structural material. Currently, there are serious discrepancies between the different evaluations regarding the neutron capture cross sections of 50Cr and 53Cr, most probably related to the difficulty of reducing and then estimating the very large neutron scattering effects on the shape of the resonances. In this context, there is a recent entry in the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) High Priority Request List (HPRL) to measure these reactions between 1 and 100 keV with an accuracy of 8-10%. In response to this request, we have performed a time-of-flight experiment at CERN n_TOF (Switzerland) and a complementary activation experimenton 50Crat30and90keVatCNAHiSPANoS(Spain).Theexperiments are presented herein, together with a discussion on the quality of the preliminary data and the results to be expected.
Multiplicity of prompt fission neutron in the 239Pu(n,f) reaction and its energy dependence
Authors: Marini P. , Taieb J. , Neudecker D. , Bélier G. , Chatillon A. , Etasse D. , Laurent B. , Morfouace P. , Morillon B. , Devlin M. , Gomez J. A. , Haight R. C. , Kelly K. J. , O’Donnell J. M.
Published: April 2024

Accurate multiplicities of prompt fission neutrons emitted in neutron-induced fission on a large energy range are essential for fundamental and applied nuclear physics. Measuring them to high precision for radioactive fissioning nuclides is, however, an experimental challenge. In this work, we extract the average prompt-neutron multiplicity emitted in the 239 Pu (n, f) reaction as a function of the incident-neutron energy, over the range 0.7-700 MeV. We used a novel technique, which allowed us to minimize and correct for the main sources of bias and thus achieve unprecedented precision. At low energies, our data validate, for the first time, the ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data evaluation with an independent measurement and reduce the evaluated uncertainty by up to 60%. This work opens up the possibility of measuring, with high precision, prompt fission neutron multiplicities on highly radioactive nuclei relevant for energy production.
Application of nuclear data covariance matrices to representativity calculations
Authors: Grimaldi Federico , Blaise Patrick , Fiorito Luca , Kochetkov Anatoly , Krása Antonin , Labeau Pierre-Etienne , Romojaro Pablo , Van den Eynde Gert , Vittiglio Guido , Wagemans Jan
Published: April 2024

The neutronics design of new reactors has been historically relying on zero power research reactors for the simulation of the core irradiation conditions as well as for nuclear data and code validation. In this framework, a study on the possible MYRRHA representativity improvement coming from the loading of MOX fuel in VENUS-F zero power reactor is under investigation. This work analyses the effect of the nuclear data used in the sensitivity and representativity calculations, highlighting the need for a comprehensive set of nuclides and reactions to be further studied.
Recent developments in the GALILÉE-1 processing code
Authors: Jouanne Cédric , Coste-Delclaux Mireille
Published: April 2024

This paper describes the current status of GALILÉE-1 [1], the verification and processing system for evaluated data, developed at CEA. It consists of various components respectively dedicated to read/write the evaluated data independently of the format, to diagnose inconsistencies in the evaluated data and to provide continuous-energy and multigroup data as well as probability tables for particle transport and depletion codes. All these components are written in C++ language and share the same objects. In this paper, we detail the main advances made in GALILÉE-1: Unresolved Resonance Range (URR) treatment and anisotropy data production.
Improvements on the damage calculations using evaluated nuclear data and NJOY
Authors: Chen Shengli , Bernard David
Published: April 2024

NJOY is the only open-source nuclear data processing code allowing calculating neutron-induced displacement damage cross sections from evaluated nuclear data. However, some issues exist in the NJOY calculation of damage cross sections, including the inconsistency for neutron capture reaction with photon data given in MF6 vs. MF12-MF15, questionable or even incorrect recoil nuclear data in MF6, discrepant damage cross sections using different approaches, and the potential underestimation above 20 MeV due to the storage of nuclear data in MT5. These issues should be addressed by the improvements on both evaluated nuclear data and the NJOY code.