bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Author Correction: PLGA-based dual targeted nanoparticles enhance miRNA transfection efficiency in hepatic carcinoma
Authors: Cai Chenlei , Xie Yuexia , Wu Liangliang , Chen Xiaojing , Liu Hongmei , Zhou Yan , Zou Hanbing , Liu Dejun , Zhao Yanan , Kong Xianming , Liu Peifeng
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Evidence of trans-generational developmental modifications induced by simulated heat waves in an arthropod
Authors: Walzer A. , Formayer H. , Tixier M.-S.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Protective effect of ferulic acid on STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats
Authors: Qi Min-you , Wang Xu-tao , Xu Hui-lin , Yang Zhang-liang , Cheng Yin , Zhou Bin
Published: April 2020

Ferulic acid protects against diabetic nephropathy in STZ-induced rats by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and podocyte injury.
A versatile fluorometric in situ hybridization method for the quantitation of hairpin conformations in DNA self-assembled monolayers
Authors: He Jiale , Hu Xiaochen , Gao Xiaoyi , Meng Chenchen , Li Yunchao , Li Xiaohong , Fan Louzhen , Yu Hua-Zhong
Published: April 2020

We report a versatile fluorometric in-situ hybridization protocol for quantifying hairpin conformations in DNA self-assembled monolayers on substrates, which facilitates the creation of hpDNA-based biosensors with optimal detection performance.
Portable and benchtop Raman spectrometers coupled to cluster analysis to identify quinine sulfate polymorphs in solid dosage forms and antimalarial drug quantification in solution by AuNPs-SERS with MCR-ALS
Authors: Mazivila Sarmento J. , Nogueira Helena I. S. , Páscoa Ricardo N. M. J. , Ribeiro David S. M. , Santos João L. M. , Leitão João M. M. , Esteves da Silva Joaquim C. G.
Published: April 2020

Raman spectrometers coupled to cluster analysis were able to identify two polymorphs of quinine sulfate in solid dosage forms. Gold nanoparticles-surface-enhanced Raman scattering with MCR-ALS was used to antimalarial drug quantification in solution.
Double defective group modified nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride with bimetallic PtSn as a cocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution up to 765 nm
Authors: Huang Shushu , Zhang Yanxia , Du Chunfang , Su Yiguo
Published: April 2020

Cyano- and urea-defective group co-modified nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride with PtSn as a co-catalyst was constructed for stronger light absorption and exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 2-aryl cyclic ketones for the synthesis of trans cycloalkanols through dynamic kinetic resolution under acidic conditions
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhao Zi-Biao , Chen Mu-Wang , Wu Bo , Wang Han , Yu Chang-Bin , Zhou Yong-Gui
Published: April 2020

The first efficient palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of 2-aryl cyclic ketones has been described through dynamic kinetic resolution under acidic conditions, providing a facile access to chiral trans cycloalkanols.
Magnesium oxide anchored into a hollow carbon sphere realizes synergistic adsorption and activation of CO2 for electrochemical reduction
Authors: Li Congxin , Ni Wei , Zang Xiaogang , Wang Huaizhi , Zhou Yixiang , Yang Zhiyu , Yan Yi-Ming
Published: April 2020

We report the synergistic adsorption and activation of CO2 by using magnesium oxide anchored into a hollow carbon sphere (MgO/HCS) as an efficient catalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO2 (ERC).
Boosting two-photon photodynamic therapy with mitochondria-targeting ruthenium–glucose conjugates
Authors: Liu Jiangping , Liao Xinxing , Xiong Kai , Kuang Shi , Jin Chengzhi , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui
Published: April 2020

A series of ruthenium–glucose conjugates was developed to act as two-photon absorption (TPA) PDT agents to effectively destroy tumors by preferentially targeting both tumor cells and mitochondria.
Human serum albumin-mediated recognition of soluble amyloid-β peptides using a time-resolved luminescent probe in plasma
Authors: Yuan Chengyi , Duan Weiping , Luo Jian , Han Yuwang , Wang Xiaohui
Published: April 2020

A terbium(iii) complex can recognize soluble Aβ in plasma through HSA-mediated co-assembly, which can not only circumvent the interference of HSA, but also benefit Aβ enrichment with amplified time-resolved luminescence enhancement.
Selective chemochromic and chemically-induced photochromic response of a metal–organic framework
Authors: Li Peng , Sui Qi , Guo Meng-Yue , Yang Shuai-Liang , Bu Ran , Gao En-Qing
Published: April 2020

The MOF provides unique confined space furnished with electron acceptor sites, and exposure to amines/alcohols causes specific and size-selective direct/UV-assisted color change owing to spontaneous/photoinduced electron transfer.
[3+1+1] type cyclization of ClCF2COONa for the assembly of imidazoles and tetrazoles via in situ generated isocyanides
Authors: Wang Ya , Zhou Yao , Song Qiuling
Published: April 2020

A facile synthesis of imidazoles and tetrazoles via [3+1+1] type cyclization of ClCF2COONa is developed.
Understanding existing and designing novel synthetic routes to Pd-PEPPSI-NHC and Pd-PEPPSI-PR3pre-catalysts
Authors: Guillet Sébastien G. , Voloshkin Vladislav A. , Saab Marina , Beliš Marek , Van Hecke Kristof , Nahra Fady , Nolan Steven P.
Published: April 2020

While investigating the formation of PEPPSI precatalysts an intermediate was isolated and proved to be suitable synthon to this pre-catalyst family. This permits the design of a novel, greener and diversity-oriented synthetic route.
A digital workflow from crystallographic structure to single crystal particle attributes for predicting the formulation properties of terbutaline sulfate
Authors: Nguyen Thai T. H. , Hammond Robert B. , Styliari Ioanna D. , Murnane Darragh , Roberts Kevin J.
Published: April 2020

A detailed inter-molecular (synthonic) analysis of terbutaline sulfate, an ionic addition salt for inhalation drug formulation, is related to its crystal morphology, the surface chemistry of the habit faces and hence to its crystal surface energy.
Crystal nucleation of salicylamide and a comparison with salicylic acid
Authors: Kakkar Shubhangi , Devi K. Renuka , Svärd Michael , Rasmuson Åke
Published: April 2020

Nucleation behaviour of salicylamide in different solvents was determined and compared with salicylic acid, attempting to progress the rationalization of the influence of the solvent and solute on crystal nucleation of organic compounds in solution.
Graphene-based SiC nanowires with nanosheets: synthesis, growth mechanism and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Hu Zhihui , Chen Zhi , Huang Juntong , Yan Mingge , Zhang Meng , Zhang Lei , Li Xibao , Feng Zhijun
Published: April 2020

3C-SiC nanowires with nanosheets were synthesized via a direct reaction of Si vapor (from solid silicon) and SiO vapor (from silicon and silicon dioxide) with graphene nanosheets at 1500 °C without any additional metal catalyst.
Temperature-induced structural transformations accompanied by changes in magnetic properties of two copper coordination polymers
Authors: Tu Jing , Chen Hongjuan , Tian Hongju , Yu Xianyong , Zheng Baishu , Zhang Shaowei , Ma Pengtao
Published: April 2020

Two ferromagnetic copper compounds have been synthesized under different temperature, which represented the rare example of structural transformations resulting from the coordination modes of organic ligands supported by magnetic results.
Magnetoimpedance spectroscopy of phase-separated La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 polycrystalline manganites
Authors: Smari Mourad , Hamdi Rihab , Prado-Gonjal Jesús , Cortés-Gil Raquel , Dhahri Essebti , Mompean Federico , García-Hernández Mar , Schmidt Rainer
Published: April 2020

Magnetoimpedance spectroscopy was carried out on phase-separated La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 polycrystalline manganites.
A thermodynamic view on the microsolvation of ions by rare gas: application to Li+ with argon
Authors: Guimarães M. N. , M. de Almeida M. , Marques J. M. C. , Prudente F. V.
Published: April 2020

Parallel tempering Monte Carlo calculations on the Li+Arn microsolvation clusters have shown that the two peaks appearing in the heat capacity curve as a function of temperature correspond to the melting of the second and first solvation shells.
Intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution and the quantum ergodicity transition: a phase space perspective
Authors: Karmakar Sourav , Keshavamurthy Srihari
Published: April 2020

The onset of facile intramolecular vibrational energy flow can be related to features in the connected network of anharmonic resonances in the classical phase space.
Multi-molar CO2 capture beyond the direct Lewis acid–base interaction mechanism
Authors: Li Chenchen , Lu Dongmei , Wu Chao
Published: April 2020

Competing with the Lewis acid-base reactions, proton transfer related interactions dominate the multi-molar CO2 capture in three typical multiple-site ILs. For ammonium-based ILs, the proton transfer process is feasible only with the help of CO2 molecule.
Inference of principal species in caustic aluminate solutions through solid-state spectroscopic characterization
Authors: Dembowski Mateusz , Prange Micah P. , Pouvreau Maxime , Graham Trent R. , Bowden Mark E. , N'Diaye Alpha , Schenter Gregory K. , Clark Sue B. , Clark Aurora E. , Rosso Kevin M. , Pearce Carolyn I.
Published: April 2020

Tetrahedrally coordinated Al(OH)4− and Al2O(OH)62− have been isolated in the solid-state and interrogated using XRD, NMR, XAS, IR, and Raman.
Striking dual functionality of a novel Pd@Eu-MOF nanocatalyst in C(sp2)–C(sp2) bond-forming and CO2 fixation reactions
Authors: You Li-Xin , Yao Shan-Xin , Zhao Bai-Bei , Xiong Gang , Dragutan Ileana , Dragutan Valerian , Liu Xue-Gui , Ding Fu , Sun Ya-Guang
Published: April 2020

A Pd@Eu-MOF nanocatalyst was obtained via solution impregnation and H2 reduction and used in recyclable Suzuki–Miyaura reactions and in the chemical fixation of CO2 with epoxides.
A novel self-assembled-derived 1D MnO2@Co3O4 composite as a high-performance Li-ion storage anode material
Authors: Li Zongtang , Lian Xiao , Wu Mingzai , Zheng Fangcai , Gao Yuanhao , Niu Helin
Published: April 2020

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is a high-performance anodic material and applied widely in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
In vitro antiproliferative effect of vanadium complexes bearing 8-hydroxyquinoline-based ligands – the substituent effect
Authors: Choroba Katarzyna , Raposo Luis R. , Palion-Gazda Joanna , Malicka Ewa , Erfurt Karol , Machura Barbara , Fernandes Alexandra R.
Published: April 2020

This is the first comprehensive study demonstrating the antiproliferative effect of vanadium complexes bearing 8-hydroxyquinoline (quinH) ligands, including the parent and –CH3 (Me), –NO2, –Cl and –I substituted ligands, on HCT116 and A2780 cancer cell lines.
Monofunctional platinum(ii) anticancer complexes based on multidentate phenanthridine-containing ligand frameworks
Authors: Lozada Issiah B. , Huang Bin , Stilgenbauer Morgan , Beach Travis , Qiu Zihan , Zheng Yaorong , Herbert David E.
Published: April 2020

Pt(ii) complexes supported by chelating, multidentate ligands containing phenanthridine heterocycles are reported and shown to exhibit a superiorin vitrotherapeutic index compared with phenanthriplatin and cisplatin.
Highly efficient bioconversion of flavonoid glycosides from citrus-processing wastes in solvent-buffer systems
Authors: Zou Yucong , Xin Xuan , Xu Haixia , Yuan Hongwei , Li Xiaofeng , Yu Yigang , Zhao Guanglei
Published: April 2020

The present study demonstrates that whole-cell catalysis is a good choice to hydrolyze citrus flavonoid glycosides and their derivatives.
Current commercialization status of electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidics
Authors: Li Jia , Kim Chang-Jin “CJ”
Published: April 2020

Electrowetting on EWOD surface: a droplet beading or spreading (left) or translating (right) by electric signals. The EWOD technology made the once-obscure electrowetting phenomenon practical, leading to the host of commercial products today.
ECM-based microchannel for culturing in vitro vascular tissues with simultaneous perfusion and stretch
Authors: Shimizu Azusa , Goh Wei Huang , Itai Shun , Hashimoto Michinao , Miura Shigenori , Onoe Hiroaki
Published: April 2020

A perfusable and stretchable gelatin-based microfluidic system that can apply both simultaneous fluidic shear stress and stretch stress to in vitro endothelial 3D tissues is presented.
Ditch-structured microporous layers fabricated by nanosecond-pulse laser ablation for enhancing water transport in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Authors: Lee Dong-Hyun , Kim Min Kyung , Guim Hwanuk , Yuk Seongmin , Choi Jaeho , Choi Sungyu , Doo Gisu , Lee Dong Wook , Noh Jiwhan , Kim Hee-Tak
Published: April 2020

Ditch-structured microporous layers were fabricated by nanosecond-pulse laser ablation for in-plane water transport improvement with various structural designs.
Microwave assisted synthesis of β-keto thioethers and furan derivatives by thiol directed multicomponent reactions
Authors: Jana Asim , Bhaumick Prabhas , Choudhury Lokman H.
Published: April 2020

A series of β-keto thioethers tethered with cyclic-1,3-dicarbonyls (4) and a tetra-substituted furan derivative (5) has been prepared by multicomponent reaction under microwave heating conditions.
Triphenylamine-based stimuli-responsive solid state fluorescent materials
Authors: Gayathri Parthsarathy , Pannipara Mehboobali , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: April 2020

Molecular engineering of triphenylamine (TPA) units produced multi-stimuli-responsive solid state fluorescent materials.
Experimental and theoretical investigation on MoS2/MXene heterostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in both acidic and alkaline media
Authors: Hu Le , Sun Yuyun , Gong Shi-Jing , Zong Hui , Yu Ke , Zhu Ziqiang
Published: April 2020

A composite of MoS2/Nb2CTx with MoS2 nanoflowers grown between Nb2CTx flakes for electrolysis of water in acidic and alkaline solutions.
Surface modification of graphene oxidevianoncovalent functionalization with porphyrins for selective photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols
Authors: Phuangburee Tossapong , Solonenko Dmytro , Plainpan Nukorn , Thamyongkit Patchanita , Zahn Dietrich R. T. , Unarunotai Sakulsuk , Tuntulani Thawatchai , Leeladee Pannee
Published: April 2020

GO–porphyrin composites were simply prepared by a self-assembly process. The noncovalent interactions between the porphyrins and oxygen-containing functional groups on GO play a crucial role in controlling their photocatalytic activities.
Recent advances in the synthesis and transformation of gem-borylsilylalkanes
Authors: Sun Wei , Hu Yue , Xia Chungu , Liu Chao
Published: April 2020

gem-Borylsilylalkanes have emerged as powerful reagents and attracted increasing attention in synthetic chemistry. This review summarizes the recent development in the synthesis of gem-borylsilylalkanes and their chemoselective transformation
Quantitative encapsulation and retention of227Th and decay daughters in core–shell lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles
Authors: Toro-González M. , Dame A. N. , Foster C. M. , Millet L. J. , Woodward J. D. , Rojas J. V. , Mirzadeh S. , Davern S. M.
Published: April 2020

La(227Th)PO4core +2 shells nanoparticles retained >99.75% of activity from227Th and decay daughters (223Ra,211Pb) for targeted alpha therapy.
Dipyrazolodioxadiazocines as shelf-stable “ready-to-use” precursors for an in situ generation of enolate-iminium 1,4-dipoles: a straightforward atom-economical approach to pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,3,5]dioxazines
Authors: Zhulanov Vladimir E. , Vigovskaya Valeria A. , Dmitriev Maksim V. , Silaichev Pavel S. , Maslivets Andrey N. , Rubin Michael
Published: April 2020

Generation of cyclic enolate-iminium 1,4-dipoles via thermolysis of dipyrazolodioxadiazocines in the presence of ketones allowed for efficient preparation of pyrazolo[5,1-d][1,3,5]dioxazines.
Copper-catalyzed diastereoselective hydrothioetherification of oxa(aza)benzonorbornadienes
Authors: Lin Qifu , Yao Yongqi , Yang Wen , Tan Yun , Chen Shuqi , Chen Donghan , Yang Dingqiao
Published: April 2020

A novel copper-catalyzed multicomponent one-pot syn-selective hydrothioetherification of oxa(aza)bicyclic alkenes to synthesize unsymmetrical thioethers has been established.
Fused tetracyclic tris[1,2,4]triazolo[1,3,5]triazine as a novel rigid electron acceptor for efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Pathak Suraj Kumar , Xiang Yepeng , Huang Manli , Huang Taian , Cao Xiaosong , Liu He , Xie Guohua , Yang Chuluo
Published: April 2020

Tris[1,2,4]triazolo[1,3,5]triazine, a new acceptor based on a fused triazole and triazine moiety, has been utilized to construct two new star-shaped TADF emitters.
Molecular recognition of pyrazine N,N′-dioxide using aryl extended calix[4]pyrroles
Authors: Guo Chenxing , Wang Hu , Lynch Vincent M. , Ji Xiaofan , Page Zachariah A. , Sessler Jonathan L.
Published: April 2020

The molecular recognition of pyrazine N,N′-dioxide by aryl extended 'two-walled' calix[4]pyrrole-based receptors is seen to stabilise two different binding modes in the solid state.
An iron ketimide single-molecule magnet [Fe4(NCPh2)6] with suppressed through-barrier relaxation
Authors: Cook Andrew W. , Bocarsly Joshua D. , Lewis Richard A. , Touchton Alexander J. , Morochnik Simona , Hayton Trevor W.
Published: April 2020

The tetrametallic Fe ketimide cluster, [Fe4(NCPh2)6], exhibits a thermally persistent S = 7 ground-state along with single molecule magnet behavior.
Multifunctional streptavidin–biotin conjugates with precise stoichiometries
Authors: Xu Dongdong , Wegner Seraphine V.
Published: April 2020

Multifunctional streptavidin-biotin conjugates with defined stoichiometry and number of open binding pockets provide molecularly precise alternatives to the statistical mixture of products that typically forms.
Biomimetic nanoscale metal–organic framework harnesses hypoxia for effective cancer radiotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Ni Kaiyuan , Lan Guangxu , Song Yang , Hao Ziyang , Lin Wenbin
Published: April 2020

Biomimetic Hf-DBP-Fe harnesses tumor hypoxia for cancer treatment via RT-RDT and CDT as well as synergistic combination with immune checkpoint blockade.
Uniform conductivity in stretchable silicones via multiphase inclusions
Authors: Bilodeau R. Adam , Mohammadi Nasab Amir , Shah Dylan S. , Kramer-Bottiglio Rebecca
Published: April 2020

A thin, stretchable (200% linear strain), multiphase (solid–liquid) silicone composite with uniform electrical conductivity, for Joule heating and high-deformation sensing.
Micellar growth and network formation in acidic solutions of a sulfobetaine zwitterionic surfactant triggered by an inorganic salt
Authors: Afra Salar , Samouei Hamidreza , Truong Phuc , Nasr-El-Din Hisham
Published: April 2020

Micellization (formation of wormlike structures) of 3-(N-erucamidopropyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium)propane sulfonate (EDAS) in the presence of an inorganic salt, iron chloride (FeCl3), in acidic conditions is studied using static and dynamic rheological measurements and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
Circular RNA expression profile of lung squamous cell carcinoma: identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Wang Yawei , Zhang Haiyan , Wang Jian , Li Bei , Wang Xiuwen
Published: April 2020

Emerging evidences indicated that exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers. However, the expression profiles and clinical significance of circRNAs in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remain largely unknown. Herein, we analyzed circRNAs expression profile in six pairs of plasma exosome samples of LUSC patients using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 252 differentially expressed exosomal circRNAs were identified, including 133 up-regulated circRNAs and 119 down-regulated circRNAs. Subsequently, the circRNAs–miRNAs–mRNAs interaction network was built to investigate potential function of circRNAs. Three up-regulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0014235, hsa_circ_0025580 and hsa_circ_0026403) were implied to participate in cancer-related pathways. QRT-PCR experiment confirmed the up-regulation of hsa_circ_0014235 and hsa_circ_0025580. Finally, clinical studies indicated that hsa_circ_0014235 and hsa_circ_0025580 could serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for LUSC. Taken together, our study revealed exosomal circRNAs expression profile in LUSC for the first time and showed the important diagnostic potential for circRNAs in LUSC.
Cross-talk between redox signalling and protein aggregation
Authors: van Dam Loes , Dansen Tobias B.
Published: April 2020

It is well established that both an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS: i.e. O2•−, H2O2 and OH•), as well as protein aggregation, accompany ageing and proteinopathies such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, it is far from clear whether there is a causal relation between the two. This review describes how protein aggregation can be affected both by redox signalling (downstream of H2O2), as well as by ROS-induced damage, and aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of how redox signalling affects protein aggregation and vice versa. Redox signalling has been shown to play roles in almost every step of protein aggregation and amyloid formation, from aggregation initiation to the rapid oligomerization of large amyloids, which tend to be less toxic than oligomeric prefibrillar aggregates. We explore the hypothesis that age-associated elevated ROS production could be part of a redox signalling-dependent-stress response in an attempt to curb protein aggregation and minimize toxicity.
The role of SUMOylation during development
Authors: Talamillo Ana , Barroso-Gomila Orhi , Giordano Immacolata , Ajuria Leiore , Grillo Marco , Mayor Ugo , Barrio Rosa
Published: April 2020

During the development of multicellular organisms, transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the control of cell growth, differentiation and morphogenesis. SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational process involved in transcriptional regulation through the modification of transcription factors and through chromatin remodelling (either modifying chromatin remodelers or acting as a ‘molecular glue’ by promoting recruitment of chromatin regulators). SUMO modification results in changes in the activity, stability, interactions or localization of its substrates, which affects cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA maintenance and repair or nucleocytoplasmic transport. This review focuses on the role of SUMO machinery and the modification of target proteins during embryonic development and organogenesis of animals, from invertebrates to mammals.
Targeted therapy and drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer: the EGFR axis
Authors: Lev Sima
Published: April 2020

Targeting of estrogen receptor is commonly used as a first-line treatment for hormone-positive breast cancer patients, and is considered as a keystone of systemic cancer therapy. Likewise, HER2-targeted therapy significantly improved the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients, indicating that targeted therapy is a powerful therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. However, for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive breast cancer subtype, there are no clinically approved targeted therapies, and thus, an urgent need to identify potent, highly effective therapeutic targets. In this mini-review, we describe general strategies to inhibit tumor growth by targeted therapies and briefly discuss emerging resistance mechanisms. Particularly, we focus on therapeutic targets for TNBC and discuss combination therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and associated resistance mechanisms.
Cell signaling and cytomegalovirus reactivation: what do Src family kinases have to do with it?
Authors: Reeves Matthew B.
Published: April 2020

Primary infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is usually asymptomatic and leads to the establishment of lifelong latent infection. A major site of latency are the CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. Importantly, normal cellular differentiation of CD34+ cells to a macrophage or dendritic cell phenotype is concomitant with viral reactivation. Molecular studies of HCMV latency have shown that the latent viral genome is associated with histone proteins and that specific post-translational modifications of these histones correlates with the transcriptional activity of the genome arguing that expression of key viral genes that dictate latency and reactivation are subject to the rules of the histone code hypothesis postulated for the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Finally, many studies now point to a key role for multiple signaling pathways to provide the cue for HCMV reactivation. The challenge now is to understand the complex interplay between cell identity, transcriptional regulation and cell signaling that occurs to promote reactivation and, additionally, how HCMV may further manipulate these events to support reactivation. Understanding how HCMV utilizes these pathways to drive HCMV reactivation will provide new insight into the mechanisms that govern viral and host gene expression and, potentially, illuminate new, host-directed, therapeutic opportunities to support our attempts to control this important medical pathogen of immune-compromised individuals.
Targeting NAD-dependent dehydrogenases in drug discovery against infectious diseases and cancer
Authors: Ferraris Davide M. , Gelardi Edoardo L. M. , Garavaglia Silvia , Miggiano Riccardo , Rizzi Menico
Published: April 2020

Dehydrogenases are oxidoreductase enzymes that play a variety of fundamental functions in the living organisms and have primary roles in pathogen survival and infection processes as well as in cancer development. We review here a sub-set of NAD-dependent dehydrogenases involved in human diseases and the recent advancements in drug development targeting pathogen-associated NAD-dependent dehydrogenases. We focus also on the molecular aspects of the inhibition process listing the structures of the most relevant molecules targeting this enzyme family. Our aim is to review the most impacting findings regarding the discovery of novel inhibitory compounds targeting the selected NAD-dependent dehydrogenases involved in cancer and infectious diseases.
Factor XII blockade inhibits aortic dilatation in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Authors: Moran Corey S. , Seto Sai-Wang , Biros Erik , Krishna Smriti M. , Morton Susan K. , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Panousis Con , Golledge Jonathan
Published: April 2020

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of mortality in older adults. Chronic inflammation and excessive matrix remodelling are considered important in AAA pathogenesis. Kinins are bioactive peptides important in regulating inflammation. Stimulation of the kinin B2 receptor has been previously reported to promote AAA development and rupture in a mouse model. The endogenous B2 receptor agonist, bradykinin, is generated from the kallikrein–kinin system following activation of plasma kallikrein by Factor XII (FXII). In the current study whole-body FXII deletion, or neutralisation of activated FXII (FXIIa), inhibited expansion of the suprarenal aorta (SRA) of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice in response to angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. FXII deficiency or FXIIa neutralisation led to decreased aortic tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme (TACE/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (aka tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme) (ADAM-17)) activity, plasma kallikrein concentration, and epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation compared with controls. FXII deficiency or neutralisation also reduced Akt1 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation and decreased expression and levels of active matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp)-2 and Mmp-9. The findings suggest that FXII, kallikrein, ADAM-17, and EGFR are important molecular mediators by which AngII induces aneurysm in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. This could be a novel pathway to target in the design of drugs to limit AAA progression.
Perfecting DNA double-strand break repair on transcribed chromatin
Authors: Tan Xin Yi , Huen Michael S.Y.
Published: April 2020

Timely repair of DNA double-strand break (DSB) entails coordination with the local higher order chromatin structure and its transaction activities, including transcription. Recent studies are uncovering how DSBs trigger transient suppression of nearby transcription to permit faithful DNA repair, failing of which leads to elevated chromosomal aberrations and cell hypersensitivity to DNA damage. Here, we summarize the molecular bases for transcriptional control during DSB metabolism, and discuss how the exquisite coordination between the two DNA-templated processes may underlie maintenance of genome stability and cell homeostasis.
The Relation Between Linguistic Awareness Skills and Spelling in Adults: A Comparison Among Scoring Procedures
Authors: Henbest Victoria S. , Fitton Lisa , Werfel Krystal L. , Apel Kenn
Published: April 2020

Purpose

Spelling is a skill that relies on an individual's linguistic awareness, the ability to overtly manipulate language. The ability to accurately spell is important for academic and career success into adulthood. The spelling skills of adults have received some attention in the literature, but there is limited information regarding which approach for analyzing adults' spelling is optimal for guiding instruction or intervention for those who struggle. Thus, we aimed to examine the concurrent validity of four different scoring methods for measuring adults' spellings (a dichotomous scoring method and three continuous methods) and to determine whether adults' linguistic awareness skills differentially predict spelling outcomes based on the scoring method employed.

Method

Sixty undergraduate college students who were determined to be average readers as measured by a word reading and contextual word reading task were administered a spelling task as well as morphological, orthographic, phonemic, and syntactic awareness tasks.

Results

All four scoring methods were highly correlated suggesting high concurrent validity among the measures. Two linguistic awareness skills, morphological awareness and syntactic awareness, predicted spelling performance on both the dichotomous and continuous scoring methods. Contrastively, phonemic awareness and orthographic awareness predicted spelling performance only when spelling was scored using a continuous measure error analysis.

Conclusions

The results of this study confirm that multiple linguistic awareness skills are important for spelling in adults who are average readers. The results also highlight the need for using continuous measures of spelling when planning intervention or instruction, particularly in the areas of orthographic and phonemic awareness.
Wind energy state of the art: present and future technology advancements
Authors: Darwish Abdul Salam , Al-Dabbagh Riadh
Published: April 2020

Renewables today are the first-choice option for a modern power system. Wind and solar are now competitive with conventional sources and commanded a high percentage of investments in renewable power. The cost of wind turbines has fallen by nearly 1/3rd since 2009 and that of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules by 80%. The number of countries that held auctions to deploy renewables has increased (from 6 in 2005 to 67 countries in 2017) with a very large increase in global investment. Global cumulative installed wind power capacity had more than 645 GW by the first quarter of 2019. The paper reviews the recent developments in wind energy conversion systems technology and discusses future expectations. Offshore wind turbines are the most possible technology for future utilization and of this, floating wind turbines are to dominate with larger scales could reach three times the present introduced scales. This is to provide more than 20% of the global demand in 2030. The paper presents several case studies for each case and highlights the technological aspects that support each development. The most important design advancements are also discussed with a forecast of the future design expectation that will affect the wind power generation program.
Rheumatoide Arthritis des Cricoarytenoid-Gelenks: Wichtige Differenzialdiagnose bei unklaren Raumforderungen des Larynx
Authors: Billich C. , Schwab B.
Published: April 2020

Einführung

Raumforderungen des Larynx sind am häufigsten malignen Ursprungs. Jedoch kann auch ein Befall des Cricoarytenoid-Gelenks im Rahmen einer rheumatoiden Arthritis zu ausgedehnten tumorösen Veränderungen mit oder ohne klinische Beschwerden führen. Wird bei Patienten mit einer rheumatoiden Arthritis eine Raumforderung des Larynx entdeckt, sollte dies in die Differenzialdiagnose mit einbezogen werden.
Rhizarthrose erkennen
Authors: Henckel Charlott-Sophie
Published: April 2020

Türklinke herunterdrücken, Flasche öffnen, Tasse halten – Dinge, die wir mehrmals täglich tun. Für jeden Zehnten sind diese alltäglichen Tätigkeiten mit Schwierigkeiten verbunden. Menschen mit Rhizarthrose berichten häufig von Schmerzen und verminderter Kraft beim Zugreifen. Wodurch entsteht die Arthrose des Daumensattelgelenks? Wie erkennen und differenzieren wir sie? Und welche Griffe sind für den Erhalt der Autonomie essenziell?
Fertigorthesen für Rhizarthrose
Authors: Zumhasch Rainer , Seyhan Harun
Published: April 2020

Eine Orthese kann Menschen mit Rhizarthrose im Alltag unterstützen, indem sie den Daumen stabilisiert und so die Schmerzen reduziert. Welche Orthese die passende ist, richtet sich nach der Ausprägung der Symptomatik. Es kann ausreichen, nur das Daumensattelgelenk zu stabilisieren. Bedeckt die Schiene eine größere Fläche, sollte sie für die empfindliche Altershaut geeignet und besonders leicht zu handhaben sein. Die zwei vorgestellten Orthesen erfüllen diese Anforderungen.
Mikronährstoffversorgung im Leistungssport
Authors: Erpenbach Klaus , Mayer Wolfgang , Hoffmann Uwe , Mücke Stefan
Published: April 2020

Vorgestellt wird eine aktuelle Studie zur Versorgung von Leistungssportlern mit Mikronährstoffen. Analysiert wurden dabei Wechselbeziehungen zwischen dem Nährstoffstatus und den Beschwerden Müdigkeit, Schlafstörungen, Infektanfälligkeit und Muskelverletzungen. Bei den 111 teilnehmenden Athleten verschiedener Sportarten zeigten sich teilweise gravierende Mängel an essenziellen Mikronährstoffen. Jugendliche Elitesportler sind mit Ausnahme von Folsäure schlechter versorgt als die Erwachsenen. Signifikant waren die Zusammenhänge zwischen der Versorgung mit Vitamin D, Coenzym Q10 und Vitamin B1mit der Häufigkeit muskulärer Verletzungen, während Auswirkungen auf Infekte, Schlafstörungen und Müdigkeit weniger deutlich waren.
Vitamin D: Vom Sonnenvitamin zum Sonnenhormon
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: April 2020

Vitamin D wird für den Knochenstoffwechsel und die Funktion fast aller Zellen und Organe sowie für Bildung und Funktion der Mitochondrien benötigt. Zahlreiche Gene des Menschen stehen unter Kontrolle von 1,25(OH)2 D. Laut ODIN-Studie herrscht in Europa ein pandemischer Mangel: Vitamin-D-Spiegel, die noch nicht einmal für die normale Kalziumverwertung aus der Nahrung oder die gesunde Knochenmineralisierung ausreichen, sind weit verbreitet. Ein Vitamin-D-Status von 40–60 ng/ml bzw. 100–150 nmol/l gilt als optimal für die Vorbeugung degenerativer Erkrankungen und Infektionskrankheiten. Auf eine adäquate Versorgung ist u. a. zu achten in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit, bei viralen Atemwegserkrankungen wie Influenza und Corona, bei Allergien, kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, Diabetes mellitus, entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen, Krebs und Multiple Sklerose.
Zeolites Catalyze the Nazarov Reaction and the tert-Butylation of Alcohols by Stabilization of Carboxonium Intermediates
Authors: Leyva-Pérez Antonio , Tejeda-Serrano María , Sanz-Navarro Sergio , Blake Finn
Published: April 2020

Zeolites are the most used catalysts worldwide in petrochemistry processes, with particular ability to stabilize carbocations. However, the use of zeolites in organic synthesis is still scarce. We show here that representative carboxonium-mediated organic reactions, such as the Nazarov cyclization and the tert-butylation of alcohols with tert-butyl acetate, typically performed with very strong acid catalysts in solution such as triflic acid, can be catalyzed by simple zeolites with high yield and selectivity. The aluminosilicate framework stabilizes the intermediate carboxonium species and overrides the need for superacid protons in solution.
A Case of Acquired Factor V Deficiency in Patient with Bleeding
Authors: Vetri Davide , Lumera Giovanni , Tarascio Salvatore , Scuto Salvatore , Marino Elisa , Barcellona Giuliana , Signorelli Salvatore Santo
Published: April 2020

Low frequency of rare diseases origins from missed diagnosis addressing to poor prognosis. Acquired factor V inhibitor is a very low frequent bleeding condition (prevalence: 0.09/100,000,000–0.29/1,000,000 per year). Antibiotics, surgery, bacterial infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases are predisposing factors; however, no predisposing factor was found often. Authors reported a case of bleeding originating from an acquired factor V deficiency because they wish to draw attention to unfrequented or rare clinical situations rarely diagnosed in internal medicine unit.
Comparison of the Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Printed Casts, Digital, and Conventional Casts: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Aly Passent , Mohsen Cherif
Published: April 2020

Objectives The integration of computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies in diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of prosthetic restoration is changing the way in which prosthodontic treatment is provided to patients. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed casts produced from the intraoral scanner using stereolithographic (SLA) 3D printing technique, their digital replicas, and conventional stone casts.

Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, a typodont of maxillary and mandibular arches with full dentate ivory teeth was used as a reference cast. The typodont was digitized using Trios 3Shape intraoral scanner to create digital casts. The digital files were converted into 3D printed physical casts using a prototyping machine that utilizes the stereolithography printing technology and photocurable polymer as printing material. Linear measurements (mesiodistal and occlusocervical) and interarch measurements (intercanine and intermolar) were made for digital and prototyped models and were compared with the original stone casts. The reference teeth were canines, first premolars and second premolars in the maxillary and mandibular arches on the right and left sides. The measurements on printed and conventional casts were done by digital caliper while on digital casts; Geomagic Qualify software was used.

Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare measurements among groups.

Results Digital casts showed significantly higher error than the other two groups in all linear and interarch measurements. The mean errors of the digital cast in occlusocervical (OC) and mesiodistal (MD) measurements (0.016 and 0.006, respectively) were higher compared with those in the other two groups (OC, 0.004 and 0.007 and MD, 0.003 and 0.005 [p < 0.0001 and p = 0.02, respectively]). Also, digital mean error in intermolar width (IMW) and intercanine width (ICW) (0.142 and 0.113, respectively) were greater than the other two groups (IMW, 0.019 and 0.008 and ICW, 0.021 and 0.011 [p < 0.0001]). However, the errors were within the acceptable clinical range.

Conclusion The 3D printed casts may be considered as a substitute for stone casts with clinically acceptable accuracy that can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of prosthetic restorations.
Fibronectin Gene Up-regulation by Arnica montana in Human Macrophages: Validation by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay
Authors: Marzotto Marta , Arruda-Silva Fabio , Bellavite Paolo
Published: April 2020

Background and Aim Arnica montana L. (Arnica m.) is a popular traditional medicine, used for its therapeutic properties in healing traumas, but little is known about its biological action on tissue formation and repair. This new work tested the effects of Arnica m. homeopathic dilutions on human macrophages, key cells in tissue defence and repair.

Materials and Methods Macrophages derived from the THP-1 cell line were differentiated with interleukin-4 to induce a ‘wound-healing’-like phenotype, and treated with various dilutions of Arnica m. centesimal (100 times) dilutions (2c, 3c, 5c, 9c, and 15c) or control solvent for 24 hours. RNA samples from cultured cells were analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in five separate experiments.

Results Arnica montana at the 2c dilution (final concentration of sesquiterpene lactones in cell culture = 10−8 mol/L) significantly stimulated the expression of three genes which code for regulatory proteins of the extracellular matrix, namely FN1 (fibronectin 1, % increase of 21.8 ± standard error of the mean 4.6), low-density lipoprotein-receptor-related protein 1 (% increase of 33.4 ± 6.1) and heparan sulphate proteoglycan 2 (% increase of 21.6 ± 9.1). Among these genes, the most quantitatively expressed was FN1. In addition, FN1, unlike other candidate genes, was upregulated in cells treated with higher dilutions/dynamisations (3c, 5c, and 15c) of Arnica m.

Conclusion The results support evidence that the extracellular matrix is a potential therapeutic target of Arnica m., with positive effects on cell adhesion and migration during tissue development and healing.
Effectiveness of Child To Child Approach on Practice of Hand Washing Among School Children in a Selected School at Mangalore
Authors: Mathew Smitha Mariam , R. Sujatha
Published: April 2020

Objective: Effectiveness of child to child approach on practice of hand washing.

Design: Quantitative evaluative research approach & pre experimental - One group pre-test post-test design was used.

Setting: This study was conducted in a selected rural school (Aided higher primary school, Pavoor- Harekala) at Mangalore.

Participants: The populations covered were school children in the age group 9-10 years who met the inclusion criteria and studying in a rural school at Mangalore. 75 students from Aided higher primary school within the age 9-10 years and studying in 4th to 5th class were selected by using purposive sampling.

Main outcome measures: Main outcome measure was whether the school children are able to practice the hand washing technique. Data collection was collected by using Demographic proforma and Checklist (to assess the practice of hand washing).

Results: Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean post-test score on hand washing of group 1 (12.46) and group 2 (12.05) was higher as compared with pre-test score of group I (12.46) and group II (12.05) and the “p” value is <0.05. So the child to child approach was effective to teach the children hand washing technique. There was no association between the selected demographic variables and pre-test hand washing scores

Conclusions: This study concludes that through proper training and motivation by peer group, that is child to child approach was an effective method to teach the children healthy habits like hand washing and other common issues concerning children.
Diabetic Macular Edema Patients with Poor Baseline Visual Acuity Treated with Ranibizumab in Real Life and Optical Coherence Tomography Based Predictor Factors for Visual Outcomes
Authors: Ozkaya Abdullah , Ozveren Mehmet , Baz Okkes , Tarakcioglu Hatice Nur , Fazil Korhan , Taskapili Muhittin
Published: April 2020

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the real life outcomes of ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with a baseline visual acuity<0.05 in decimals.

Methods: Newly diagnosed DME patients with a visual acuity ≤0.05, treated with ranibizumab monotherapy, and completed a follow-up time of 12 months were included retrospectively. Patients were evaluated in regards to change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness, and the total visit and injection numbers.

Results: A total of 24 eyes of 24 patients were included. Mean BCVA at baseline, month 3, 6, 9, and 12 was, 0.04±0.01, 0.12±0.12, 0.12±0.11, 0.17±0.19, and 0.21±0.21 (p<0.05 for all), respectively. One eye (4.2%) had VA loss of ≥3 lines, and six eyes (25.0%) had stable vision (loss of <3 line, or remained stable, or gained <1 lines), and 17 eyes (70.8%) had VA gain of ≥3 lines at month 12.The mean visit number at month 12 was 4.8±1 and the mean injection number was 4.0 ±1.4.

Conclusion: Ranibizumab seemed to be effective in the treatment of DME patients with a low visual acuity in real life.
Antimicrobial Properties of Bridelia Scandens against Oral Pathogens: In vitro study
Authors: Mallya Sachidananda , Mallya Shrikara , Rao Venkatakrishna
Published: April 2020

Objective: It has been well documented that traditional medicinal plants confer considerable antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms. Species of the genus Bridelia scandens is reported to be used traditionally for treating various oral diseases. Its effect against intestinal and other systemic pathogens have been reported However the beneficial effects of this plant materials against oral pathogens is not evaluated. Therefore we have done the present investigation. Aim is to study the antimicrobial properties of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Bridelia scandens against selected oral pathogens by various microbiological assays.

Methods: The leaves after identification and authentication by a Botanist were collected, air dried, pulverized to fine powder using household blender. The water extract was prepared using cold percolation method and alcoholic extract was prepared in Soxhlet apparatus by using ethyl alcohol. The test organisms like Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida albicans were obtained from Department of Microbiology Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore. Antimicrobial activity is being determined by various Microbial assays like Kirby Bauer antibiotic sensitivity testing, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)

Results: From our study, it was found that all tested organisms were sensitive to both water and alcoholic extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens at varying concentrations.( 200 mg/ml and 400 mg/ml ) with zone of inhibition ranging from 20 mm to 48 mm .Even the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC ) was less than 100 mg/ml in most of the organism indicating that extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens is most effective against the oral pathogens. The alcoholic extract is better than aqueous extract.

Conclusion: The extract of leaves of Bridelia scandens is highly effective against selected oral pathogens
Prosthetically Guided Regeneration of Horizontal Bone Defect in Anterior Mandible Using Allograft and Bio-resorbable Membrane
Authors: Desai Harsh , Hegde Rakshith , Shetty Manoj
Published: April 2020

Implantology has become an integral part of dentistry. Initially implant dentistry was surgically driven with implant placement thatwas determined by the available bone. Following this although osseo integration was achieved, the outcome many a times didn't fulfil the basic function anaesthetics. The correction after implant placement with help of angulated abutments in anterior region will produce undesirable aesthetics. Prosthetically driven implant placement will help in the overall function and aesthetic. This case report describes managing a horizontal defect in the anterior mandibular region with help of allogenic graft material and establishing the prosthetically driven approach.