bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The EFFECT SIZE PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS SETS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Mayasari Ade , Asrizal Asrizal , Usmeldi Usmeldi
Published: May 2023

Effect Size Pengaruh Pembelajaran Berbasis SETS Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis effect size pengaruh pembelajaran fisika dan sains berbasis SETS (Science, Technology, Environment, and Society) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa karena pembelajaran Fisika dan IPA memerlukan kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam memecahkan solusi baik dalam pembelajaran di sekolah maupun bekal siswa dalam memecahkan permasalahan di masyarakat sedangkan pembelajaran yang tidak berbasis SETS kurang mampu meningkatkan kemampuan tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian meta-analisis. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 20 artikel yang telah dipublikasi oleh beberapa jurnal di Indonesia tentang pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis SETS terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah pemberian kode (coding) dengan metode yang digunakan memakai analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pedoman effect size. Setelah mendapatkan nilai effect size, nilai tersebut kemudian dapat dimasukan dalam kategori effect size yang sesuai. Berdasarkan data yang telah dianalisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis SETS memberikan effect size dengan kategori sedang hingga sangat tinggi terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa.
Media Pembelajaran Digital Phisycs Module (DPM) di SMA: Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa
Authors: Harianto Rony
Published: May 2023

Media Pembelajaran Digital Phisycs Module (DPM) di SMA: Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa. Beberapa guru memiliki cara tersendiri dalam mengajarkan konsep cahaya dan optik pada siswa, dengan beberapa kelebihan yang dimiliki oleh media pembelajaran digital fokus penelitian ini adalah analisis kemampuan literasi sains siswa  dalam konsep cahaya dan optik menggunakan media pembelajaran Digital Phisycs Module (DPM) di SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen tes hasil belajar. Soal-soal dalam tes diberikan dengan bentuk uraian  yang sudah disesuaikan dengan indikator kemampuan literasi sains. Responden dalam penelitian ini merupakan 106 siswa yang dipilih dengan kriteria tertentu dari beberapa SMA.  Analisis data pada penelitian ini memakai paired sample t-test dengan bantuan software SPSS dan rata-rata skor N-gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara nilai pretest dan posttest siswa. Nilai kemampuan literasi sains siswa pada setiap indikator mengalami peningkatan. Dan nilai rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,71 dengan kategori tinggi. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran  Digital Phisycs Module (DPM) dapat mengembangkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa. Dengan hasil ini diharapkan media pembelajaran DPM dapat di implementasikan juga pada pembelajaran konsep lainnya.
الذكاء الاداري ودوره في تعزيز صناعة القرار الاداري دراسة تحليلية لآراء المديرين في عينة من المدارس الحكومية في مدينة دهوك – العراق
Authors: Antar Abdullah Zebari Ksra
Published: May 2023

يعتبر الذكاء الاداري متطلباً ضرورياً للمؤسسات التربوية التي تبحث عن التميز والتفوق ، ومع ثورة التكنولوجيا المعاصرة ، وتزايد حدة المنافسة أخذت تلك المؤسسات تدرك شيئاً فشيئاً أهمية الذكاء الاداري ودوره كنشاط يمكن أن يكون منظماً ، ومنهجياً ، من أجل التوصل إلى طرق ، وأساليب جديدة تعزز صناعة القرار الاداري . لذا نهدف من خلال هذا البحث إلى التعرف على دور الذكاء الاداري بأبعاده في تعزيز صناعة القرار الاداري في المدارس الحكومية في مدينة دهوك . كما افترض البحث الى وجود علاقة ارتباط وتأثير ذات دلالات احصائية بين متغيري الذكاء الاداري وصناعة القرار الاداري في المدارس المبحوثة . وتم اختباره باستخدام استمارة الاستبيان ، كوسيلة لجمع البيانات ، والتي وزعت على عينة من المديرين في المدارس المبحوثة ، حيث تم توزيع (45) استمارة وتم استرجاع (40) استمارة صالحة للتحليل . ولتحليـل البيانات تم استخدام برنامج SPSS Version 23  والذي من خلاله تم الحصـول علـى التكرارات والنسب المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري وذلك لاستخدامها في وصف وتحليل متغيرات البحث وتشخيصها ، وتم استخدام اختبار معامل الارتباط البسيط لتحديد قوة وطبيعة العلاقة بين متغيرات البحث ، والانحدار الخطي البسيط ، لقياس معنوية تأثير المتغير المستقل في المتغير المعتمد . وتوصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات أهمها :
1- وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين الذكاء الاداري وصناعة القرار الاداري في المدارس المبحوثة .
2- وجود علاقـة تـأثير ذات دلالات احصائية بين الذكاء الاداري وصناعة القرار الاداري في المدارس المبحوثة .
وأختتم البحث بمجموعـة مـن المقترحــات للمدارس المبحوثة اهمها ، ضرورة حرص المديرين على استخدام اسلوب التحاور والمناقشات مع كادرهم التعليمي للوصول الى قرارات مناسبة اعتماداً على الرؤية المستقبلية ، وهذا له دور كبير في زيادة قدرة المدارس التربوية في مدينة دهوك على تعزيز صناعة القرار الاداري .
Princípios e modelos de decisão ética em psiquiatria de ligação e consultoria
Authors: Mota-da-Silva Diogo , Estalagem Ana , Bastos Hugo
Published: May 2023

Na prática clínica quotidiana, a Psiquiatria de Ligação e Consultoria (PLC) é frequentemente chamada a participar no esclarecimento e resolução de situações com implicações clínicas e éticas desafiantes. No entanto, a formação dos profissionais dedicados a esta subespecialidade não pressupõe um treino diferenciado em Ética Clínica comparativamente com os restantes médicos. Neste artigo pretende-se explorar os diversos princípios e modelos de decisão ética subjacentes à atividade em PLC. Foi conduzida uma revisão narrativa da literatura relevante disponível nas plataformas PubMed e Google Acadêmico, utilizando as palavras-chave “ethics”, "consultation-liaison psychiatry'', “psychosomatic medicine” e “end of life care”, completada com a exploração das referências consideradas relevantes noutras fontes. Apresentam-se cinco modelos de tomada de decisão perante dilemas éticos, partindo de um ponto de vista histórico.Os princípios éticos envolvidos na prática clínica encontram-se frequentemente em confronto, pelo que há necessidade de modelos que sistematizem a análise dos dilemas éticos e simplifiquem a sua resolução. A abordagem estruturada da Ética durante o período formativo do psiquiatra pode fornecer o conhecimento e proficiência na aplicação dos princípios éticos e modelos de tomada de decisão, fundamentais para uma prática imparcial e eficaz.
Fatores associados à vivência de violência na família por adolescente
Authors: Gomes Nadjane Rebouças , Martins Ridalva Dias , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Silva Keile Kemyly Assis da , Cruz Moniky Araújo da , Corrêa Ritieli Mallagutti , Lima Carla Cristina Oliveira de Jesus , Oliveira Djanira Alkmin de , Costa Henrique Almeida Assis , Azevedo Matheus Santos
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre vivência de violência intrafamiliar e os fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos, psíquicos e comportamentais. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de coorte transversal, realizado com 230 alunos, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 10 a 19 anos, em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Utilizou-se um formulário contendo variáveis e uma escala para avaliar o Transtorno Mental Comum (TMC). Os dados foram processados pelo auxílio do programa Stata versão 12. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: A amostra apresentou maioria feminina (57,8%), cursando o 6º e o 7º ano do ensino fundamental (53,5%). A partir disso, a análise multivariada identificou associação com significância entre vivência de violência intrafamiliar com o uso do álcool e o TMC. Conclusão: O estudo revelou que as (os) adolescentes com vivência de violência intrafamiliar possuem mais chances de usar álcool e apresentar TMC em comparação as (aos) que não experienciaram o agravo.
Serum levels of vitamin D in preterm neonates and its association with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Surandran Sukrutha , Rudrappa Sudha
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

Prematurity and related respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the major cause of mortality among neonates in India. Although some studies were showing an association between vitamin D and lung maturation, conclusive evidence was not found yet. The objective of this study was to assess the serum vitamin D in preterm neonates and to determine its possible association with RDS.

Material and Methods:

A case–control study in which the preterm neonates <37 weeks of age and <2 kg birth weight admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and in postnatal wards in a tertiary care center were included and divided as cases-those with RDS and controls-those without RDS. Two milliliters of whole blood samples were collected from the study population for 25 (OH) D levels.

Results:

(1) RDS was predominantly seen in <32 weeks (<30 and 30–31 weeks) when compared with the other two gestational age groups. (2) The mean serum vitamin D levels in cases (RDS) were lower compared to controls (non-RDS) (6.97 ± 3.24 in cases vs. 17.08 ± 4.15 in controls). (3) A significant difference in vitamin D levels was obtained among those on a mechanical ventilator and received surfactant administration compared to those who were not on a mechanical ventilator or administered surfactant (P = 0.001 and 0.003). (4) A significant association between vitamin D and adequacy of maternal vitamin D-rich food intake and sunlight exposure was found to be present (P < 0.001 and 0.018). (5). Serum levels of vitamin D were found to be lower (3.3 ± 1.6 ng/mL) in cases who died during the hospital stay compared to those who survived (8.4 ± 2.6 ng/mL), (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

A significant difference in vitamin D concentration between preterms with respiratory distress syndrome and those without RDS was reflected in our study. And we also noted low serum vitamin D levels associated with poor outcome.
Study of knowledge, attitude, and practices of child care physicians toward nutritional vitamin D deficiency in pediatric population
Authors: Meshram Ashrusha Ashok , Keshwani Rachna , Shah Dhwani , Rao Sudha
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

Nutritional Vitamin D deficiency (NVDD), commonly seen in infancy and childhood, is a nutritional epidemic. Practicing child care physicians have different approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of nutritional Vitamin D deficiency in children. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of clinical diagnosis, investigations, and treatment of NVDD in infants and children among child care physicians from a teaching institute.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of NVDD among resident doctors, consultants and faculty members working in a teaching hospital by convenience sampling method. The study was based on a pretested questionnaire which was administered by a single investigator on all the study participants. Twelve questions formulated to assess the knowledge, was scored as 0 (0%) to 14(100%) and ten questions regarding attitude and practices with possible responses as agree, disagree, or neutral was scored as 0 (0%) to 20 (100%). Data were analysed with statistical software, STATA, version 10.1,2011. Descriptive statistics included summary measures such as frequency and percentages to summarize qualitative variables and categorical responses. Inferential statistics included P-values generated from hypothesis testing procedures.

Results:

There were 96 participants including 46 residents. Forty-seven (49%) of them scored more than 11 out of 14 while 49 (51%) participants scored between 7 to 10 out of 14 on the knowledge part of the questionnaire. Interestingly nobody scored less than 7 out of 14. Sixty (62%) participants scored more than 15 out of 20 and nearly 19 (2%) physicians scored less than 10 out of 20 in the attitude and practice part of the questionnaire. On intergroup comparison between consultant pediatricians and residents on knowledge regarding NVDD showed no significant difference except for knowledge regarding cumulative therapeutic dose of cholecalciferol (p value 0.025). There were more attitude and practice gaps in this group of respondents although it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

This study identifies gaps in the knowledge, attitude and practice of child care physicians about NVDD in infants and children. Knowledge gaps regarding definition and change in treatment protocol of NVDD and inconsistency in clinical identification, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention protocols across all groups of physicians.
Known monster, unknown “avatars”: Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma case series with uncommon presentation
Authors: Kubde Purvaja , Kanvinde Purva , Khurana Ritika , Jhondhale Sunil , Shinde Sneha , Krishna Swathi , Chandane Parmarth , Mudaliar Sangeeta
Published: May 2023

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare soft-tissue tumor, accounting for 3% of all childhood cancers. RMS can arise virtually anywhere in the body, as it originates from the embryonal mesenchyme. Embryonal RMS (ERMS) and alveolar RMS are the most prevalent types. In this case series, five children with unusual sites of presentation of ERMS have been reported. The first case is a 6-year-old male who presented with episodes of recurrent hemoptysis for 2 months and computed tomography chest showed lung mass. The second case is a 3-year-old male, who presented with right abdominal distention and was diagnosed as a liver ERMS which is a very rare site for RMS. The third case is a 1-year-old male child who presented with isolated right inguinal lymph node swelling. The fourth case presented with recurrent admissions for respiratory distress requiring intubation and was misdiagnosed as recurrent viral infection, but on further, investigation was diagnosed as a laryngeal ERMS. Our fifth case is a 6-year-old male child who presented with infraumbilical mass, diagnosed as a retroperitoneal ERMS. The 5-year survival rate of such tumors is 70% in children with localized disease who receive combined-modality therapy. Therefore, an awareness of the typical signs and symptoms, radiological features, and histomorphological features in a case of pediatric RMS can help a physician to consider this tumors in the differential diagnoses, even at unusual sites.
Progressive myoclonus and neuroregression – a dreadful combination
Authors: Kaudinya Shubham , Gawali Vrushabh , Kulkarni Shilpa , Shah Payal
Published: May 2023

Progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) is a gradually progressive neurological disorder characterized by the development of progressive myoclonus, ataxia, and cognitive impairment with other neurodeficits. There are a wide variety of PMEs, such as Lafora body disease (LBD), neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, Unverricht-Lundborg disease, myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fiber syndrome, sialidoses, dentato-rubro-pallidal atrophy, storage diseases, and some of the inborn errors of metabolism, among others. Although the modern genetic tests are helpful in discerning underlying etiology, the clinical differentiation is often possible with historical background and clinical examination. We report a case of PME, where we suspected LBD on basis of clinical history and examination, which was confirmed with skin biopsy and next-generation sequencing.
Overview of point-of-care ultrasound and functional echocardiography training programs in India
Authors: More Kiran , Jain Shreepal
Published: May 2023

Utility of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) and functional echocardiography (fECHO) is increasing in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) across India. However, there is a lack of structured training, guidelines for its use, competency requirements, and limited availability of trained personnel conducting supervised training. POCUS can potentially improve patient care and outcomes, reduce unnecessary testing and procedures, and enhance the efficiency of care delivery. In this review article, we will explore the current use of POCUS/fECHO in NICUs in India, its benefits and limitations, and the challenges associated with its implementation. We also describe briefly about a formal structured training for POCUS at a large tertiary pediatric hospital in Western India.
Caspase-8 deficiency-a rare cause of immune dysregulation – First case report from India
Authors: Chougule Akshaya Sanjay , Gowri Vijaya , Taur Prasad , Iyengar Vaishnavi Venkatachari , Madkaikar Manisha R. , Desai Mukesh M.
Published: May 2023

A 3½-year-old boy presented with generalized lymphadenopathy since 1 year of age. After 5 months of age, he had multiple infections and two episodes of pneumonia. At 2½ years, he developed chronic diarrhea. Colonoscopy showed ileal ulcers and inflammatory pan colitis with skip areas and histopathologic examination showed mild chronic ileitis, villous shortening, and diffused active colitis. Next-generation sequencing revealed a previously reported homozygous missense mutation Caspase-8. Unlike autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, Caspase-8 deficiency states have immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and early-onset inflammatory bowel disease in addition to lymphoproliferation. Early diagnosis aided by molecular confirmation is essential as haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant is curative.
Prenatal diagnosis of Joubert’s syndrome overlapping with Dandy–Walker malformation on fetal MRI
Authors: Gala Foram , Barchha Satyam Rajesh
Published: May 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the fetal brain plays an important role in the confirmation of congenital malformations diagnosed on ultrasound. It also helps in additionally detecting various associated central nervous system and other systemic abnormalities. We report a rare case of Joubert’s syndrome overlapping with Dandy– Walker malformation (DWM), antenatally detected by fetal MRI whose findings were confirmed on post-natal MRI scan. Prenatal diagnosis of such an association is important in predicting the neurodevelopmental outcome of the child, and for genetic counseling of the parents, as Joubert’s syndrome has a poorer prognosis, and a higher rate of recurrence than DWM.
A case of infantile hypophosphatasia: Phenotypic findings of a compound heterozygous inheritance with a novel mutation
Authors: Dange Nimisha S. , Mondkar Shruti A. , Khadilkar Vaman , Khadilkar Anuradha V.
Published: May 2023

We report the case of a 9-month infant who presented with failure to thrive and bony deformities, mimicking a ricket-like picture. Biochemical parameters showed hypercalcemia, low serum alkaline phosphatase, normal serum phosphorus, magnesium, and parathormone levels. Ultrasound revealed nephrocalcinosis. Clinical exome sequencing revealed infantile hypophophatasia with two compound heterozygous mutations in exon 6 (mutation being novel) and 12. To the best of our knowledge, compound heterozygous mutations in exon 9 and exon 12 have presented with pyridoxine responsive seizure (PRS) along with hypophosphatasia (HPP). This is the third case of infantile HPP reported from India, but with a novel mutation who had not yet manifested with PRS.
Rare causes of congenital neonatal nasal obstruction leading to respiratory distress at birth and its management: A case series
Authors: Sarmah Utpal , Kurup Balagopal , Prabhat Divya , Pereira Carlton
Published: May 2023

Neonatal nasal obstruction may present as an acute respiratory emergency. Neonates primarily are obligate nasal breathers. Hence, any nasal obstruction whether arising due to skeletal or anatomical anomalies or due to nasal mass or cyst can present with cyanosis, stridor, feeding problems, and/or failure to thrive. Although choanal atresia remains one of the most diagnosed nasal anatomical anomalies leading to this problem; other rare causes of neonatal nasal obstruction, namely, midnasal stenosis, pyriform aperture stenosis, congenital nasal mass, or cyst should also be considered. Hence, a thorough evaluation with diagnostic nasal endoscopy along with an imaging modality (computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging) is warranted. Management whether conservative or surgical intervention is guided by the severity and nature of the symptoms. This series highlights our experience of four different case scenarios of respiratory distress arising out of nasal anatomical anomalies and its subsequent management and outcome.
RISK STRATIFICATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PROGRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND THE WAYS OF SECONDARY PREVENTION
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Bukvalnaya N. V. , Yakubova L. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a process of steady development of arrhythmia from short paroxysms to the permanent form. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common cause of AF. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of possible predictors of AF progression in hypertensive patients. The role of general risk factors in the maintenance of arrhythmia, the significance of high blood pressure and its individual characteristics in the progression of AF are analyzed. Echocardiographic predictors of arrhythmia recurrence and the transition of AF to a permanent form in hypertension are described. Various existing scales for assessing the risk of AF progression are presented. The ways of secondary prevention of arrhythmia in AH are considered.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF GENEXPERT MTB/RIF ASSAY FOR TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSIS COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL METHODS
Authors:   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Lapteva E. A. , Kovalenko I. V. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Burakevich O. I. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus,   Minsk Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary, Minsk region, Belarus, Kharevich O. N. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Katibnikova E. I. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Yarovaya T. D. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Goreniuk O. L. ,   Minsk Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary, Minsk region, Belarus, Bogushevich N. F. ,   3rd City Clinical Hospital named after E. V. Klumov, Minsk, Belarus, Pozdnyakova A. S. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Laptev A. N. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Korovkin V. S. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Khotko V. V. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus, Mushovets A. I. ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Minsk, Belarus,   Minsk Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary, Minsk region, Belarus
Published: May 2023

GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampicin resistance can reduce the time to diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Aim. To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay compared with traditional methods of detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (smear microscopy, culture on liquid and solid media). Material and methods. The results of sputum tests for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) by bacteriological and molecular genetic methods in 1355 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis during 2016-2020 years were analyzed. Results. The informative value of the GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay was no different to the culture method (for infiltrative TB - 78.4% vs. 80.9%, p=0.138; for disseminated TB, 75.0% versus 79.0%, p=0.384) and higher compared to smear microscopy (for infiltrative TB, 78.4% versus 49.8%, р<0.001; for disseminated TB, 75.0% versus 61.9%, p=009). At high accuracy (85.0%), the sensitivity of the GeneXpert MTB/Rif assay versus the culture on liquid and solid media was 89.1% and specificity – 67.9%. The GeneXpert MTB/Rif method allows for early diagnosis of TB when the clinical and radiological signs are not clear. However, due to low specificity the results of the method should be further confirmed by the classical microbiological methods of diagnostics. Conclusions. The results of this study confirm the high diagnostic value of using GeneXpert MTB/Rif in phthisiology practice, especially for newly diagnosed patients.
FREE AMINO ACID METABOLIC PROFILE IN PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY COVID-19
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Ganchar E. P. , Gutikova L. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Naumov A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Doroshenko E. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kurbat M. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Smirnov V. Yu. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Background. The unexpected emergence and rapid spread around the world of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, with a large number of deaths, has shown the importance of developing the methods for predicting a severe course of viral infections, creating diagnostic tests, preventive vaccines and drugs that act on key factors in the course and progression of the disease. Clinical studies examining metabolomic changes in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection are virtually non-existent. Purpose of the study. To study the features of the metabolic profile of free amino acids during pregnancy complicated by COVID-19. Material and methods. The concentrations of free amino acids and their derivatives in the blood plasma of 86 women were studied. The main group included 51 pregnant women with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19; the control group was composed of 35 somatically healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies. The analysis of amino acids and their derivatives was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography. Results. During the development of COVID-19 infection, protein catabolism predominates, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of 28 amino acids and their derivatives in venous blood plasma. We revealed a statistically significant increase in the concentration of cysteine, homocysteine, γ-glutamylcysteine, phosphoserine, cysteine sulfinate, aspartate, homocysteate, glutamate, asparagine, serine, threonine, 1-methylhistidine, glycine, citrulline, arginine, alanine, symmetric dimethylarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, β-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, tyrosine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine in pregnant women with a new coronavirus infection as compared to the patients in the control group. Conclusion. The study of the features of the metabolic profile of free amino acids in pregnant women with a new coronavirus infection will enable us to identify additional biomarkers of the severity of the disease and predict the course of the disease in patients during the gestation period.
STUDY OF BLOOD FLOW THROUGH THE MITRAL VALVE OF THE HUMAN HEART WITH CONSIDERATION OF CARDIOTYPE AND IN CONNECTION WITH FUNCTIONAL LOADS
Authors:   Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Dudnikova E. A. , Ignatova A. N. ,   Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Irzhak L. I. ,   Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Russkikh N. G. ,   Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation, Fokin A. A. ,   Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

Background. Studies of the cardiovascular system originated in the 60s of the last century, including the work of P. O. Astrand, according to which, with extreme functional loads (FL), accompanied by maximum heart rate, stroke volume (SV) decreases. The study of the mechanism of this effect requires the use of a complex of electro- and echocardiographic methods. The purpose of this work is to determine the dependence of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters on cardiotype and physical activity. Material and methods. The study involved 30 males aged 18 to 32 years. Based on the heart rate indicators in the controls, which were determined by the electrocardiogram (ECG), the participants were divided into three groups: bradycardia (9 people) – 60 or less beats/min, normocardia (9 people) – 61-80 beats/min, tachycardia (12 people) – more than 80 beats/min. The indicators were taken in the standing position (controls) and after exercise (experimental group) – squats (according to Martine) in combination with an arbitrary cessation of external respiration on inspiration (according to Stange) as long as one could. Results. The lower was the heart rate, the greater was the total volume of the transmitral blood flow. With an increase in electrical diastole (TR segment), myocardial excitability decreased. With FL, this dependence persisted. The duration of the PQ ECG element did not differ between groups and depending on the effect of physical activity. But the volumes of blood passing during the duration of PQ varied markedly. In all three groups, they increased, which was probably due to the increasing power of myocardial contraction during atrial systole. Conclusions. In terms of absolute value, the volume of blood flow through the mitral valve of the human heart is increased in bradycardia and reduced in tachycardia. In terms of relative value, in the series from bradycardia to tachycardia and from conditions without exercise to conditions with the use of exercise, the proportion of flow A increases. The share of flow E decreases accordingly.
SOCIOPHENOMENOLOGY OF ALCOHOL ABUSE
Authors:   Grodno Regional Clinical Center «Psychiatry-Narcology», Grodno, Belarus, Bukin S. I. , Keda L. N. ,   Main Department of Healthcare of the Grodno Regional Executive Committee, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To study association between demographics and alcohol abuse. Material and methods. Statistical analysis of the Grodno region data in 2017-2021 was performed: on the population, the amount of alcohol consumed, marriages and divorces; patients under dispensary narcological supervision, including those who have died; the number of fires and those killed in them, including those in a state of intoxication. Results. It has been established that against the background of a progressive increase in alcohol consumption there are: its almost linear relationship with a decrease in the population; correlation with the number of marriages and divorces, the mortality of dispensary narcological patients and the high level of deaths in fires of persons in a state of alcoholic intoxication. Conclusions. The social origin of alcohol abuse, in our opinion, gives the highest priority in prevention to the strategy of minimizing the negative consequences of alcohol abuse and the formation of public opinion through the inclusion of a behavioral approach in the implementation of social competencies in patients who abuse alcohol.
PROSPECTS FOR EFFECTIVE ERADICATION OF MULTIRESISTANT MICROORGANISMS: RESULTS OF MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN GRODNO UNIVERSITY CLINIC
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yakubtsevich R. E. , Balla A. A. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Kotlinskaya I. B. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Belyavsky N. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Khmarik A. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Chernova N. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Abramenko O. I. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Background. Monitoring sensitivity to antibacterial drugs of various groups of microorganisms allows us to provide an optimal approach to the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection. In this regard, it is important to analyze the composition and resistance of the bacterial flora in order to select the most effective drugs for its eradication. Purpose of the study. Our aim is to identify the most common microorganisms in intensive care unit (ICU) and analyze their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs, and determine the general patterns and main directions in the development of antibiotic resistance. Materials and methods. The data of microbiological studies in 107 patients of the ICU of a therapeutic profile with various diseases were analyzed. Results. The most frequently detected microorganisms were Staphylococcus epidermidis (30 patients, 28.03% of cases), Staphylococcus hominis (15 patients, 14.01% of cases) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. pneumoniae (17 patients, 15.8% of cases). The most common carriers were patients with community-acquired bilateral interstitial pneumonia (62.9% of cases). Low sensitivity of bacteria to carbapenems and colistin, complete resistance of most microorganisms to penicillins, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, as well as unexpectedly high sensitivity to tetracycline were revealed. Conclusions. In clinical practice, the range of effective drugs against isolated multi-resistant microorganisms is narrowing, it is necessary to avoid the unreasonable use of antibiotics and, as soon as possible, move from the empirical prescription of broad-spectrum drugs to targeted antimicrobial therapy according to microbiological control data. It is recommended to consider the possibility of a wider use of tetracycline in ICU.
CHANGE IN SERUM PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATIONS IN CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENTS OVER TIME
Authors:   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, Mogilev, Belarus, Tishkevich I. G. , Marochkov A. V. ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, Mogilev, Belarus, Livinskaya V. A. ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, Mogilev, Belarus, Kosyannikova Ju. A. ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, Mogilev, Belarus, Paretsky D. S. ,   Mogilev Regional Clinical Hospital, Mogilev, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Perioperative phosphorus monitoring should be used to prevent the complications after cardiac surgery and, as a result, to reduce the length of intensive care and hospital stay. The purpose of the study was to describe the change in blood phosphorus concentrations in open heart cardiopulmonary bypass surgery patients over time. Material and methods. A prospective non-randomized cohort study was performed. The change in phosphorus concentrations was assessed in 45 adult patients admitted to the Cardiac Surgery Department for an open heart cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. All patients gave venous blood samples at the following sampling time points: 1 – before the surgery; 2 – at 24 hours after the start of the surgery, 3 and 4 – at 48 hours and 72 hours, respectively. Phosphorus concentrations were assayed by photometry at the clinical biochemistry laboratory. Results. A phase change in phosphorus concentrations was observed during the postoperative period vs. preoperative period. Blood phosphorus levels showed statistically significant increase vs. baseline by 0,193, 0,2 and 0,34 mmol/L at 24-, 48- and 72-hours post-surgery, respectively. In 33.3% of patients, hypophosphataemia of less than 0,8 mmol/L was seen at 48 hours. The change in phosphorus concentrations over time in patients with and without creatine phosphate administration was studied. Intraoperative creatine phosphate therapy did not affect the postoperative phosphorus levels. Conclusions. In the postoperative period of cardiosurgical interventions using cardiopulmonary bypass, it is necessary to control the content of phosphorus in the blood serum and, if hypophosphatemia develops, to perform the introduction of phosphates.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE COURSE AND OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCY IN PATIENTS WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA AFTER USING CONVENTIONAL AND PERSONALIZED PRECONCEPTION PREPARATION
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Novitskaya T. V. , Yahorova T. Yu. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Vakulchyk V. G. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Background. Preparation for pregnancy in patients with extragenital pathology is an important problem of current obstetrics. Purpose. To perform comparative assessment of the course and outcomes of pregnancy in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) after using conventional and personalized preconception preparation. Material and methods. A total of 262 patients were examined, including 159 with UCTD. Group I (the main group) included 125 patients with minor heart abnormalities and at least 4 signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, who underwent the generally accepted preconception preparation: folic acid – 400 μg/day, potassium iodide – 200 μg/day orally for 3 months. Group II (the intervention group) consisted of 34 patients who received personalized preconception preparation: folic acid – 400 μg/day orally, potassium iodide – 200 μg/day orally for 3 months, Mg2+ preparations at a dose of 300 mg/day, glycine –400 mg/day, multivitamin complex containing vitamin B1 (10 mg/day), vitamin B2 (10 mg/day), vitamin B6 (10 mg/day), vitamin E (400 mg/day) for 3 months. Group III (the control group) included 103 patients without signs of UCTD who received a standard amount of preconception preparation. The evaluation of the effectiveness of personalized preconception preparation was carried out according to the criteria of evidence-based medicine. Relative risk (RR), relative risk reduction (RRR), absolute risk reduction (ARR), the number of patients who needed treatment to prevent 1 adverse outcome (NNT), the odds ratio (OR) for a particular outcome were calculated. Results of the study. In the intervention group, statistically significant results were obtained in terms of reducing the risk of developing a threatened miscarriage and preterm birth in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, as well as reducing the absolute risk of developing isthmic-cervical isufficiency. Conclusions. Identification of signs of UCTD at the preconception stage and the use of personalized preconception preparation in this group of patients contributes to the improvement of perinatal outcomes.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OPEN SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR INGUINAL HERNIAS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Zhuk S. A. , Smotryn S. M. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of open methods of surgical treatment of inguinal hernia in elderly patients. Material and methods. The study includes 336 elderly patients with inguinal hernias. The Bassini hernioplasty was performed on 106 patients, the Liechtenstein technique was applied to 110 patients and the new tension-free method – to 120 patients. The effectiveness of hernioplasty was evaluated according to the results of the examination of patients in the early and remote postoperative periods, as well as the methodology for calculating the effectiveness of medical technologies in healthcare. Results. With open surgical interventions in patients with inguinal hernias in the early postoperative period there is an increase in the volume of the testicle on the side of surgery. In the remote period only after the Lichtenstein hernioplasty there was a decrease in the volume of the testicle (p<0.05). The relapse of the hernia (1-3 years later) after the Bassini hernioplasty took place in 9.4% cases, after the Liechtenstein hernioplasty - in 3.6% patients, and after applying the new method of hernioplasty there was no relapse of hernia. The new technique of tension-free hernioplastics was characterized by the highest level of medical (Km=1.00) and social efficiency (Ks=0.86). Conclusion. The new technique of open tension-free inguinal hernioplasty is characterized by the highest level of medical and social efficiency.
Application of Nanotechnology for Development of Latent Lip Prints: A Review
Authors: Annu Saini  , Chitrang Dixit  , Urvashi Dixit  , Rohit Awana
Published: May 2023

The forensic science is the scientific approach to identify these existing identities. From the beginning of the civilization, identification of a person uses to be an integral part of various legal and cultural activities. Forensic science is used not only to identify the criminal but also to solve the hidden mysteries of the past. With the modernization of the society, the need of personal identification also became an integral part of forensic sciences, weather its recording fingerprints for biometric attendance or dental records for estimation of age.
Tomato Flu: A Short Commentary
Authors: Arjun Singh Phokela  , Anchal Rapotra  , Anamika  , Anamika Raghwa  , Sahibleen Kaur
Published: May 2023

Tomato flu is a contagious disease caused by infection. Its source is said to be a strange virus not known to common knowledge. It is an anonymous virus the symptom of its infection is a blister formed all over the body in the shape of a tomato hence it is called the tomato fever. The blisters appearing all over the body are similar in appearance to a tomato its victim are children below the age of 5 years .The virus effects the hands mouth and feet. It is supposed to be an infection limited to itself and gets to be subsided in 7 to 10 days. The diagnosis are done as per the clinical history and physical check up. Since it is an etiological agent its line of treatment and vaccination are a question mark and needs to be researched upon  at top priority. Covid 19 has imparted a lesson for outbreak alert in propagation and management of such cases during emergency condition by reproposing drugs and vaccines.
Profile Of Chest Injury in the Peri-COVID-19 Period: A Single Centre Series
Authors: Akashdeep Singh  , Ashish Rathore  , Marivada Hari Babu  , Vivek Kumar Sahu
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Chest traumas continue to constitute about 30% of all traumas and contribute to 25-50% of trauma-related deaths. COVID-19 has its primary pathophysiologies in the lung, and can worsen the morbidity and mortality of chest trauma if it occurs concomitantly. AIM:  To Examine the profile and outcome of chest trauma across the peri-COVID-19 period. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A retrospective analysis of cases of chest trauma in the peri-COVID-19 period (mid-Nov 2019 to mid-March 2022) at GMC Doda. RESULTS: Eighty-five cases of chest trauma met inclusion criteria within the 28 months period, M:F = 7.5:1, age range 3-80years, mean age (38.60±17.40years) and median age of 37years. There were 54 (63.5%0) cases of blunt chest trauma and 31 (36.5%) cases of penetrating chest trauma.  Thirty-one (36.5%) patients sustained haemothorax, 9 (10.6%) pneumothorax, 14 (16.5%) haemopneumothorax, 21 (24.7%) rib fractures, and 10 (11.8%) chest wall lacerations. Fifty-one (60%) patients had isolated chest trauma while the remaining 34 (40%) had associated injuries in one or more other organ systems. Closed thoracostomy tube drainage was definitive treatment in 48 (56.5%) patients while emergency thoracotomy was done in 5 (6%) patients. The treatment administered in the remaining 32 (37%) patients included intercostal nerve block for chest pain from rib fractures, wound exploration and wound repair. In the series, 75 (88%) had complete recovery, six (7%) patients left against medical advice, and four (5%) in-hospital mortality was recorded. CONCLUSION: The profile of chest trauma in the peri-COVID-19 period in our centre differed from the pre-COVID-19 years with a higher mortality figure. Management protocol also necessitated certain modifications.
Tripledemic: A Short Commentary
Authors: Vaidehi Saini
Published: May 2023

Tripledemic is an informal word used to describe the collision of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), seasonal influenza and COVID-19 cases. Tripledemic is a recent consortium of viruses that have permuted and caused public health havoc since the holiday season of 2022. The incidence of this triad is being reported in an almost synergistic manner and researchers are pushed to figure out the common grounds for this sudden outbreak.
Effect of Infodemic on Covid -19 Vaccination
Authors: Anamika  , Sahibleen Kaur
Published: May 2023

The pandemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has developed as a major and global public health crisis. Despite the increase in cases and fatalities, the outbreak has also had an impact on communities, jobs, and safety regulations. As billions are quarantined at home to contain the infection, the uncertainty caused huge anguish. Outlining, there has been a concealed epidemic of "information," reflecting COVID-19 as a "digital infodemic" from previous epidemics. With growing digitalization, media penetration has expanded, with a larger number of individuals attributing to "information pollution."
Skin Reaction to an Asthmatic Patient on Hydrocortisone
Authors: Abby Wong  , Carlson James  , Manika Sharma
Published: May 2023

Steroids constitute the basic of treatment of asthma by interrupting the development of inflammation. Although being prescribed to subjects for allergies, they can also be the culprit behind allergic reactions. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman, who was prescribed hydrocortisone for severe acute asthma, and presented with an allergy to hydrocortisone in the form of generalized pruritus, cutaneous mucosal lesions in the form of purpura and ecchymoses on the abdomen and limbs. The substitution of hydrocortisone led to recovery.
A Study to Assess the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among the Truck Drivers of district Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Mahendra Prasad  , Kunal Singh
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is one most common  non-communicable cardiovascular disease. It is the major risk factor for heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic renal failure and cerebral vascular diseases. Hypertension has been found paramountly amongst long distance truck drivers. This could be due to the hectic nature of their job. AIM: The study was conducted to study the prevalence of hypertension among truck drivers of Shivpuri district of Madhya Pradesh and to study the associated risk of hypertension amongst them. MATERIALS AND METHOD: District Shivpuri of Madhya Pradesh has around 20 Truck operation unions all registered under which more than 1000 truck drivers are registered. Total 770 drivers were selected by using systematic random sampling. The present study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023. Information regarding demographic profile and risk factors of hypertension were collected on pre-tested proforma. RESULTS: Out of total 770 truck drivers, prevalence of hypertension was found 45.6% including 15% self-reported and 30.6% detected in the study. Only about 7% of truckers who were pre-diagnosed had undergone treatment for a certain period of time. Highest prevalence of hypertension was reported in 40 to 49 years age group followed by 30 to 39 years. Hypertension was prevalent amongst the truck drivers who had been working for more than 10 years. Significant association found on assessing risk factors like lack of physical exercise, lack of proper sleep, high BMI, history of addiction. CONCLUSION: Hypertension was reported more in the age group and people who were in this profession for over 10 years. Age was found significantly associated with hypertension. Improper sleep, schedule, hectic routines, lack of proper nutrition, centric obesity, high BMI and addiction to tobacco and alcohol found significant risk factors for hypertension.
World No Tobacco Day 2023: Short Commentary
Authors: Abhinav Bhasker
Published: May 2023

World No Tobacco Day 2023: Short Commentary by Dr. Abhinav Bhasker, Senior Lecturer, Department of Perioontology and Implantology, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar
Disaster Resistant Structures
Authors: M Dr. Velumani
Published: May 2023

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and landslides, have the potential to cause catastrophic damage to buildings and infrastructure, resulting in loss of life and economic damage. It is therefore imperative that structures are designed and constructed to be resistant to these events. Disaster-resistant structures are those that can withstand the forces of natural disasters and protect the occupants and contents inside.
Existence results for an impulsive neutral integro-differential equation with infinite delay via fractional operators
Authors: Alka Chadha  , Dwijendra N Pandey
Published: May 2023

In this present work, we consider an impulsive neutral integro-differential equation with infinite delay in an arbitrary Banach space X. The existence of mild solution is established by using resolvent operator and Hausdorff measure of noncompactness.