bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le cerveau de l'hyperactif : entre cognition et comportement
Authors: Habib Michel
Published: December 2013

Résumé Le TDAH (trouble déficit d’attention avec hyperactivité représente une des causes majeures de handicap d’origine neurologique, chez l’enfant, mais aussi l’adulte, et à ce titre fait l’objet d’un effort intense de la part des chercheurs en neurologie, neuropharmacologie, neuro-imagerie et neurosciences. Parmi les caractéristiques cliniques de ces troubles, la présence de la classique triade agitation/inattention/impulsivité a donné lieu à différents modèles explicatifs tentant de rendre compte à la fois de la coexistence de ces symptômes et de la grande hétérogénéité des formes cliniques que peut prendre l’affection. Cet article rassemble les arguments issus de la clinique et de la neuro-imagerie en faveur de l’hypothèse d’un dysfonctionnement fondamental des systèmes sous-corticaux de la récompense (striatum limbique ou ventral, noyau accumbens) et de leurs connexions avec diverses régions du système limbique. Un modèle est finalement proposé, par analogie avec les conséquences de la pathologie lésionnelle affectant le striato-pallidum limbique, permettant d’expliquer comment la dysfonction de ce système archaïque dans le cerveau humain est apte à provoquer des symptômes aussi variés que ceux décrits chez les patients TDAH, tant dans le champ cognitif que comportemental.
La compréhension en lecture au cycle 3 : des concepts, un outil diagnostique
Authors: Bessis Cécile , Sallantin Raphaële
Published: December 2013

Au cours du cycle 3, le jeune lecteur devient un « compreneur » qui devra se montrer capable dès le collège de traiter des documents dont la diversité, la longueur et la complexité ne cesseront d’augmenter. Les chiffres de l’Education nationale montrent cependant que près de 15 % des jeunes qui entrent en 6 e n’ont pas cette autonomie. Souvent sollicité pour des enfants qui « ne comprennent pas ce qu’ils lisent », l’orthophoniste dispose paradoxalement de peu d’outils permettant une analyse quantitative et qualitative de leur compréhension en lecture. Cet article se fixe pour premier objectif de présenter une courte synthèse des principaux mécanismes, variables et niveaux structurels dont les chercheurs ont montré l’importance pour la compréhension en lecture. Il introduit ensuite le protocole « Maxence – Mesure de l’ACCès au SENS » conçu pour être un outil diagnostique de difficultés de compréhension en lecture chez les enfants du cycle 3. Son principe est de tester ces mécanismes regroupés en cinq rubriques : compétences aux plans Microstructurel et Macrostructurel, Inférences, Modèle de situation, Gestion et contrôle de la lecture.
Sonifier l'écriture : un outil pour le diagnostic et la remédiation de la dysgraphie
Authors: Danna Jérémy , Paz-Villagrán Vietminh , Velay Jean-Luc , Gondre Charles , Kronland-Martinet Richard , Ystad Sølvi , Aramaki Mitsuko , Thoret Etienne , Conan Simon , Voinier Thierry , Omer Harold , Torrésani Bruno
Published: December 2013

Si l’on excepte le léger crissement du stylo qui n’informe que très marginalement sur la qualité du mouvement, l’écriture est une activité silencieuse. La transformer en une activité audible peut paraître curieux au premier abord. En y réfléchissant mieux, justement parce que la modalité auditive est disponible pendant l’écriture et parce qu’elle est particulièrement pertinente pour percevoir des différences fines au plan temporel et dynamique, utiliser des sons pour renseigner sur le mouvement d’écriture semble judicieux. Sachant que le mouvement d’écriture d’un dysgraphique est moins « lisse », moins « mélodieux » en termes biomécaniques que celui d’un normoscripteur, l’objectif de cet article est de montrer pourquoi et comment transformer des indices cinématiques en informations auditives permettrait d’améliorer le diagnostic et la remédiation de la dysgraphie.
Les enfants dysgraphiques sont-ils réellement plus lents que les autres ?
Authors: Paz-Villagrán Vietminh , Gilhodes Jean-Claude , Velay Jean-Luc
Published: December 2013

La dysgraphie est caractérisée par des difficultés dans la production du langage écrit et elle est en relation avec les mécanismes d’écriture manuscrite. Une mauvaise écriture peut avoir des conséquences importantes dans la scolarité de l’enfant. Les enfants dysgraphiques ont des difficultés lorsqu’ils doivent écrire vite, mais la lisibilité de leur écriture est moins dégradée s’ils ont plus de temps. Des variables spatio-temporelles ont été utilisées comme indicateurs de la présence des difficultés dans l’écriture manuscrite. Ces variables comprennent la durée de la performance, la longueur de la trajectoire et la vitesse d’écriture. Dans ce travail, nous avons comparé ces variables chez les enfants normoscripteurs, les enfants dyslexiques et les enfants dysgraphiques lorsqu’ils écrivent à vitesse rapide. Les résultats montrent que les difficultés dans l’écriture manuscrite chez les enfants ne semblent pas être dues à la dyslexie. Par ailleurs, les enfants dysgraphiques écrivent plus gros, et pour cette raison ils ont besoin de plus de temps que les autres enfants pour écrire le même mot. Cependant, leur vitesse réelle d’écriture est la même que celle des enfants normoscripteurs.
Les troubles psychomoteurs aujourd'hui : entre Ajuriaguerra et la théorie des systèmes dynamiques
Authors: Albaret Jean-Michel
Published: December 2013

Lorsque de Ajuriaguerra et Soubiran (1959) définissent les troubles psychomoteurs comme « oscillant entre le neurologique et le psychiatrique », ils fournissent tout à la fois un cadre général de réflexion et une mise en garde contre une attitude réductionniste qui guette cette symptomatologie exigeante pour le clinicien. Les troubles psychomoteurs chez l’enfant s’organisent en effet à partir de composantes sémiologiques de natures diverses : perceptive, cognitive, motrice, affective et relationnelle. Le trépied symptomatologique, comme l’appelle Corraze (1999, 2010), précise les caractères constitutifs de ces troubles : 1) ce sont des troubles perceptivo-moteurs qui affectent les différentes fonctions d’exploration, d’action et de communication ainsi que les intégrations émotionnelles ; 2) ils se manifestent par des signes neurologiques doux qui signent l’existence d’un dysfonctionnement cérébral a minima ; 3) ils sont associés à un complexe psychopathologique. La pluralité étiologique exige alors, comme le pressentait Ajuriaguerra, une analyse des différentes dimensions : biologique, écologique et téléologique ou intentionnelle. Les théories des systèmes dynamiques et de l’auto-organisation considèrent la motricité comme une propriété émergente du système perceptivo-moteur, soit la résultante des interactions entre les composantes du système neuro-musculo-squelettique et les contraintes globales (environnementales, cognitives et psychiques) qui s’exercent sur ces dernières. Le trouble psychomoteur est alors vu comme la « solution » dont l’individu dispose dans la relation avec les milieux physiques et sociaux lorsqu’il est confronté à une tâche ou une situation nécessitant la mise en place de mécanismes d’adaptation. Ces théories fournissent l’occasion de dépoussiérer un héritage qui fait la part belle à une vision « globale » de l’individu en évitant les réductionnismes à l’une ou l’autre de ses dimensions constitutives : neurologique, psychologique ou psychiatrique, sociale.
Le concept de développement en psychopathologie développementale
Authors: Sroufe L. Alan
Published: December 2013

Les phénomènes développementaux sont si importants pour comprendre la psychopathologie qu’ils ont suscité l’émergence d’un courant autonome : la psychopathologie développementale. Celui-ci a accompli d’indéniables progrès depuis sa naissance mais n’a pas encore tenu toutes ses promesses qui requièrent de maintenir une perspective développementale exigeante. Prendre le développement au sérieux a des implications pour la compréhension des phénomènes psychopathologiques, la conceptualisation de l’origine des troubles et l’interprétation des résultats de recherches. Dans cette perspective, les troubles sont conçus comme l’expression de mécanismes évolutifs complexes. Ainsi, par exemple, les corrélats neurophysiologiques d’un trouble n’y sont pas envisagés comme des causes à proprement parler, mais comme des marqueurs dont le développement doit être étudié. La recherche en psychopathologie développementale requiert d’explorer l’évolution historique des difficultés dans leur émergence précoce, et d’explorer la synthèse qu’elles représentent entre de multiples dynamiques d’adaptation et d’inadaptation (contextuelles, expérientielles, physiologiques et génétiques).
L'anorexie mentale de l'adolescente
Authors: Chabrol Henri
Published: December 2013

L’anorexie mentale s’inscrit à l’extrême d’un continuum de troubles de l’alimentation et de l’image du corps devenus très fréquents à l’adolescence. L’idéal social de minceur et l’insatisfaction corporelle qui concerne maintenant la majorité des adolescentes participent au déclenchement d’un processus morbide qui peut aboutir aux formes les plus graves de la maladie qui sont généralement celles que rencontre le clinicien. Les études communautaires ont montré que l’anorexie mentale et ses formes subcliniques pouvaient connaître des rémissions spontanées et durables, mais qu’elles étaient liées à des problèmes multiples de santé mentale et physique au jeune âge adulte. Si les formes les plus sévères d’anorexie requièrent habituellement l’hospitalisation, on tend à recommander pour les autres les suivis en externe où les thérapies individuelles et familiales ont montré leur efficacité.
L'introuvable crise du logement en RDA (1945-1973). Existe-t-il une spécificité communiste de gestion de la question du logement ?
Authors: Rowell Jay
Published: November 2013

En 1945, la pénurie de logements dans la zone d’occupation soviétique de l’Allemagne est catastrophique. Cependant, le rythme de la reconstruction, comme l’intensité du discours sur la crise du logement, sont plus faibles en RDA qu’ailleurs en Europe. L’article cherche à comprendre ce décalage entre la situation objective et la politique poursuivie en mobilisant plusieurs éléments de réponse. Le problème du logement est construit dans les discours comme un héritage du passé capitaliste et national-socialiste et sa résolution prend la forme d’un récit utopique qui permet d’occulter un présent difficile. Ce discours est produit par un groupe d’architectes qui parvient à monopoliser l’expertise et les positions institutionnelles dans le secteur du logement jusqu’aux années 1960. Spécialisés dans l’élaboration des formes architecturales et urbanistiques, les architectes conçoivent le problème du logement comme un problème qualitatif et technique plutôt que quantitatif et social. Enfin, l’article propose une comparaison avec la RFA et examine les pratiques d’attribution de logements pour cerner les pressions et les contradictions dans la gestion de cette ressource rare. Ces transformations contribuent à faire de la « résolution du problème du logement » une priorité politique à partir du début des années 1970.
Le logement en République populaire de Pologne : du « déficit » à la « crise »
Authors: Coudroy de Lille Lydia
Published: November 2013

Les mots « crise » et « logement » sont assez fermement associés dans la langue polonaise depuis les années 1980 : c’est en effet à cette époque que l’accumulation de dysfonctionnements affectant le rythme de la construction et le mode d’attribution des logements, en particulier dans le secteur coopératif, atteint son point culminant. L’article analyse comment le logement a évolué en Pologne pendant le XX e  siècle, puis comment et quand la littérature d’expertise, les sciences humaines ainsi que la création audiovisuelle ont contribué à identifier, caractériser et dénoncer la « crise du logement » à la fin de la République populaire de Pologne.
Du socialisme au Grand Paris solidaire
Authors: Bellanger Emmanuel
Published: November 2013

Chantre de la réforme urbaine de 1910 à sa mort en 1943, Henri Sellier est associé à plusieurs chantiers de salubrité et de rationalisation administrative du Grand Paris. Salué par ses adversaires, reconnu par le corps préfectoral, cet élu socialiste fait figure d’iconoclaste dans sa propre famille politique. Bâtisseur, pragmatique et fin négociateur, il s’appuie sur les ressources que lui offrent les institutions et les réseaux sociaux qu’il fonde et investit. Homme lige de nombreuses associations d’élus, ce partisan d’une mutualisation des politiques publiques locales a construit son assise originelle dans sa filiation au socialisme municipal. Ces réalisations, exemplaires et efficientes, qui donnent forme à sa vision, même inachevée, d’une agglomération parisienne solidaire, reflètent sa pensée politique nourrie d’une passion pour la ville. Elles révèlent aussi son sens du compromis éprouvé dans la conduite des affaires publics du plus grand Paris.
Un « lucide réalisateur » Henri Sellier et la réforme du placement à Paris
Authors: Jung Benjamin
Published: November 2013

Associés, avant la Première Guerre mondiale, à l’élaboration par les réseaux réformateurs d’un projet de restructuration du système de placement parisien, le nom et l’engagement d’Henri Sellier marquent de leur empreinte la naissance en 1915 d’un service public de l’accès au marché du travail coordonné à l’échelle du département de la Seine. La nécessité de cet Office du placement et de la statistique du travail est intrinsèquement liée, pour l’élu socialiste, à une réflexion novatrice sur la dilatation de l’espace industriel. Seul un organe départementalisé apparaît en mesure d’assurer l’organisation rationnelle d’un marché du travail élargi à l’agglomération, saisie comme une même entité socio-économique. Sellier contribue ainsi à encourager, pour la capitale et sa région, le dépassement d’une conception communaliste du placement fondée sur les bureaux des municipalités et des arrondissements.
Henri Sellier et les leçons de l'étranger
Authors: Guelton Mayalène
Published: November 2013

Le rôle essentiel d’Henri Sellier dans la diffusion et l’application du modèle de cité-jardin en France ne doit pas faire oublier son implication dans la promotion, juste avant la Première Guerre mondiale, d’autres exemples étrangers d’aménagement urbain dont il n’est pas le seul à vanter les mérites. La mise en avant de la rationalité et de la prévoyance allemandes, à l’œuvre dans les plans d’extension, et de l’efficacité de l’organisation administrative et des méthodes de projet pratiquées en Angleterre, va de pair avec une réévaluation pragmatique de la cité-jardin howardienne dont les formes urbaines innovantes séduisent davantage que son projet d’autosuffisance économique, jugé irréalisable. La cité-jardin est donc loin de focaliser les débats qui se nourrissent d’autres modèles étrangers dont les parlementaires, les élus locaux et les aménageurs doivent tirer toutes les leçons : urgence d’une législation cadrant l’aménagement des zones urbaines et donnant aux municipalités les moyens d’une politique urbaine efficace (constitution de réserves foncières), ou encore formes urbaines alliant nécessités hygiéniques et préoccupations esthétiques.
Henri Sellier
Authors: Frioux Stéphane
Published: November 2013

Henri Sellier, connu pour sa politique municipale à Suresnes et son engagement dans les questions urbaines au sein du conseil général de la Seine et à travers la création de l’École des Hautes Études Urbaines, a été également une figure de proue du mouvement « municipaliste » français de l’entre-deux-guerres. Fondateur de l’Union des Villes et Communes de France, membre du bureau de l’Union internationale des Villes, il n’a cessé d’œuvrer pour le développement d’un courant de production et de diffusion de documentation à destination des municipalités, dans un contexte de technicisation de l’administration locale. En prenant l’exemple de l’hygiène urbaine, on peut voir à quel point Sellier fut un homme de réseaux, au centre de liens entre édiles mais aussi entre élus et praticiens. Les archives consultées dans les villes de province révèlent aussi les limites de son action.
Henri Sellier, Raymond Unwin et l'urbanisme
Authors: Frey Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2013

L’ouvrage majeur de Raymond Unwin, Town Planning in practice, an introduction to the Art of Designing Cities and Suburbs, vient de faire l’objet de deux nouvelles éditions en langue française, avec deux traductions différentes. L’une reprend la traduction déjà ancienne signée par William Mooser. L’autre propose une traduction inédite due à Henri Sellier. Aussi bien par son contenu sémantique que par le choix des mots, l’ouvrage d’Unwin constitue un lieu symbolique symptomatique de la confrontation des idées dans le champ pratique et théorique de la planification urbaine. Henri Sellier, juriste, homme politique et promoteur des premiers enseignements d’urbanisme concevait d’emblée l’urbanisme comme une œuvre collective d’intérêt général. À l’inverse, la traduction proposée par William Mooser privilégiait le point de vue et le rôle de l’architecte dans la conception d’une planification urbaine conçue comme une sorte d’architecture à grande échelle. Ce sujet de controverse est manifestement toujours d’actualité.
From Integration to Social Media
Authors: Lavassani Kayvan Miri , Movahedi Bahar , Kumar Vinod
Published: December 2013

EMs as trade tools have been the subject of several disruptive changes during the past few decades. The chapter discusses the importance of EM integration and market knowledge management as today’s main concerns affecting the effectiveness and efficiency of EMs. After explaining the concerns regarding EM integration at intra- and inter-organizational levels, the chapter mentions the role of social media as an example of new technological tools that affect EMs. By highlighting the importance of understanding EMs this paper proposes a four level analytical tool for differentiating B2B EMs.
Examining the Impact of Web 2.0 Applications on Knowledge Management Performance
Authors: Buechler Scott , Hartshorne Richard , Ajjan Haya
Published: December 2013

There has been an increasing interest in the use of Web 2.0 applications to enhance the effectiveness of internal communication and improve knowledge management within the organization. However, extant Web 2.0 research has focused on the implementation, adaption patterns, and benefits, and little has been done to empirically examine the determinants of continuance use of Web 2.0 within the organization and its impact on knowledge performance. The objective of this study is to empirically examine the impact of both hedonic and utilitarian performance on the intention of knowledge workers to continue to use Web 2.0 applications within an organization, and then investigate the influence of the continuance use decision on knowledge management performance. The proposed model is tested using a survey of knowledge workers using Web 2.0 applications in their organizations. The results of the PLS analysis empirically validate the relationship between antecedents, continuance use, and knowledge management performance. Research and managerial implications of our findings are presented.
E-Strategy and Soft Landings for Franchising in Emerging Markets
Authors: Chen Ye-Sho , Watson Ed , Azevedo Renato F. L.
Published: December 2013

International franchising as a global growth strategy, especially in emerging markets, is gaining popularity. For example, the U.S. Commercial Service estimated that: (1) China, having over 2,600 brands with 200,000 franchised retail stores in over 80 sectors in 2007, is now the largest franchise market in the world; (2) India, having over 70 international franchise operations successfully operating with an investment of $1.1 billion and sales turnover of $2.7 billion in 2009, has made franchising the second fastest-growing industry in the country. The popularity of franchising continues to increase as the world witnesses an emergence of a new e-business model, Netchising, which is the combination power of the Internet for global demand-and-supply processes and the international franchising arrangement for local responsiveness. The essence of franchising lies in managing the good relationship between the franchisor and the franchisee. In this chapter, the authors show that e-business strategy plays an important role in growing and nurturing such a good relationship. In addition, the chapter discusses how an effective e-strategy can help a growing franchise go abroad to emerging markets through soft landings to reduce risks and costs.
Internet Incidence on SME’s Sales
Authors: Alderete María Verónica
Published: December 2013

The purpose of this paper is to determine how much is the “bonus” or “prize” to the sales per worker of Internet-using firms compared to not Internet-using firms. The authors employ some matching techniques based on an Argentinean database. The authors first present a binary logit model, in which the dependent variable is a dichotomous variable equal to 1 if the firm adopted Internet and 0 otherwise, to evaluate the factors that influence a firm’s probability of adopting Internet. A propensity score matching (PSM) model is then used to assess the impact of using Internet on the sales per worker. The authors find statically significant differences in the sales average between firms that are similar in many dimensions such as location, size, and sales market except for the Internet adoption decision. By probing that Internet access improves SME’s sales, the chapter is validating the Public Sector ICT modernization programs for SME. The contribution of this paper consists of using a well known technique as PSM to analyze a recent field of research which is the contribution of Internet adoption to the firm’s sales per worker.
Online Corporate Reputation Management and IT
Authors: Francesconi Alberto , Dossena Claudia
Published: December 2013

According to the Resource-Based View, the Corporate Reputation (CR) is seen as a core resource and a major factor in gaining competitive advantage. Thanks to the development of Web-based technologies, stakeholders can easily spread their own perspective about an organization, its products, services, brands, members and so forth, affecting its online CR. This work focuses on “online corporate reputation” and the exploitation of IT (Online Reputation Management Systems) to support the related management practices. Taking a pragmatic approach, the authors develop a case-study based on the experience developed by an Italian leading e-service provider.
Risk Analysis of Completion and Production Systems
Authors: Matanovic Davorin
Published: December 2013

A variety of definitions are available through the literature, but the universal one is in defining the well completion as the optimal path for the reservoir fluids to be produced. That means to achieve a desired production with minimal costs. Wells represent the greatest part of expenditure when developing the reservoir. For a long period of time it was defined to be simple, reliable, and safe with enough flexibility to allow future operations. Nowadays, so called “intelligent completions” appear to give more financial benefits, flexibility, and control. The reliability of system components is essential for long-lasting production. In addition, the differences according to natural flowing well risk and artificial lift are given.
Risk Analysis in the Process of Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Kolin Sonja Koščak , Čikeš Marin
Published: December 2013

This chapter focuses on risk to the environment from hydraulic fracturing operations, starting with transport of materials and ending when the well is routed to the production facilities. The initial assumption for the fracturing risk analysis is that the well is new and was constructed correctly so that all producible formations are securely isolated behind the barriers of casing and competent cement. The justification for this assumption is that the vast majority of fracturing is the first major stimulation in a well and occurs immediately after completing a new well. Although many well development problems are blamed on fracturing, there are only excluded problems that are real and worthy of the discussion to help define boundaries of the fracturing risk (King, 2012).
Oil and Gas Storage Tank Risk Analysis
Authors: Simon Katarina
Published: December 2013

Storage tanks are widely used in the oil refinery and petrochemical industry in storing a multitude of different products ranging from gases, liquids, solids, and mixtures. Design and safety concerns have become a priority due to tank failures causing environment pollution as well as fires and explosions, which can result in injuries and fatalities. The chapter illustrates different types of crude oil and oil product storage tanks as well as the risks regarding the storage itself. Considering that the natural gas, in its gaseous state, is stored in underground storages like oil and gas depleted reservoirs, aquifers or salt caverns, and there are numerous publications and books covering the subject in detail, this chapter only illustrates the storage of liquefied natural gas and the risks posed by its storage.
Mobile Phones in Data Collection
Authors: Şahin Füsun , Yan Zheng
Published: December 2013

Mobile phones are increasingly popular tools not only for daily use but also for research purposes. The authors systematically searched related literature using mobile phones as a tool for data collection and found 171 publications consisting of review, empirical, methodological, and theoretical studies in various disciplines such as medicine, engineering, and education. After reviewing contributions of previous review studies, the authors presented a description of data collection process consisting of four steps and used these four steps as a framework to review the existing empirical literature. The authors then reviewed contributions of methodological and theoretical studies, and end with a summary of current practices of collecting mobile data. Current challenges and future directions were also mentioned.
Optimization of Electrochemical Grinding Parameters for Effective Finishing of Hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC
Authors: Molla K.Z. , Manna Alakesh
Published: December 2013

In this study, the Taguchi method, a powerful tool in the design of experiment is used to optimize electrochemical grinding (ECG) parameters for effective finishing of hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC using a resin bonded cupper impregnated diamond grinding wheel. An orthogonal L27 (313) array is used for 35 factorial design and analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to investigate the influence of grinding wheel speed, electrolyte concentration, D.C. supply voltage, current density and work-piece speed on the surface finish, Ra and Rt respectively. Test results reveal that the Ra and Rt both are lesser at moderate grinding wheel speed i.e. 9000 rpm with current density 0.25A/mm2 and 30% electrolyte concentration. Taking all five parameters considered for experimentation and using multivariable higher order regression, mathematical models for surface finish, Ra and Rt are established to investigate the influence of Electrochemical Grinding (ECG) parameters during finishing of hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC. Confirmation test results established that the developed mathematical models are appropriate for effective representing the surface finish criteria, Ra and Rt (µm).
Exploration of Temperature Constraints for Thermal-Aware Mapping of 3D Networks-on-Chip
Authors: Hamedani Parisa Khadem , Jerger Natalie Enright , Hessabi Shaahin , Sarbazi-Azad Hamid
Published: December 2013

This paper proposes three ILP-based static thermal-aware mapping algorithms for 3D Networks-on-Chip (NoC). With these three mapping algorithms, the authors explore the thermal constraints and their effects on temperature and performance. Through complexity analysis, the authors show that the first algorithm, an optimal one, is not suitable for 3D NoCs. Therefore, the authors develop two approximation algorithms and analyze their algorithmic complexities to show their proficiency. According to simulation results, mapping algorithms that employ direct thermal calculation to minimize the temperature reduce the peak temperature by up to 24% and 22%, for the benchmarks that have the highest communication rate and largest number of tasks, respectively. This peak temperature reduction comes at the price of a higher power-delay product. The authors’ exploration shows that considering power balancing early in the mapping algorithm does not affect chip temperature. Moreover, the authors show that considering explicit performance constraints in the thermal mapping has no major effect on performance.
Exploration of Temperature-Aware Placement Approaches in 2D and 3D Stacked Systems
Authors: Vaddina Kameswar Rao , Liljeberg Pasi , Plosila Juha
Published: December 2013

Technology scaling has brought about dramatic rises in the on-chip power density of modern microprocessors. This has led to greater scrutiny and awareness of thermal management techniques which allows to uphold the thermal integrity of the chip. Higher temperatures or uneven distribution of temperatures result in timing uncertainties which induces performance and reliability concerns for the system. Future thermal problems would include 3D circuits. Three-dimensional technology offers greater device integration, reduced signal delay and reduced interconnect power. It also provides greater design flexibility by allowing heterogeneous integration. However, 3D technology also exacerbates the on-chip thermal issues and increases packaging and cooling costs. In order to resolve these issues, and avoid high and uneven temperatures, accurate thermal modeling and analysis, and thermal-aware placement optimizations are essential before tapeout. This paper presents an exploration of temperature-aware placement approaches in both the 2D and 3D stacked systems. Various thermal models were developed to investigate the effect of uniform power distribution, thermal-aware placement in 2D chips and 3D stacked systems on the thermal performance of the system thereby providing with metrics which can be used for thermal-aware mapping.
MoteIST
Authors: Catela José M. , Rocha Rui M. , Piedade Moisés S.
Published: December 2013

Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks platforms have not evolved as expected during the past decade. The monolithic principles of the first nodes are still followed in the new designs. The architectures are not prepared to include upgrades such as new energy management modules or even more energy efficient communication units. This leads to constraints on the development of new protocols and applications, since the software takes the entire burden on the reconfigurability and optimization that could be done by a modular architecture. In this work, the authors propose a new platform - MoteIST - with a different architecture, introducing higher modularity and addressing the energy management issues, while maintaining the compatibility with previously designed software and sensing boards. The authors’ design enables different energy management solutions, including harvesting modules and different communication units, such as wake-up, sub-1 GHz and 2.4 GHz radios. The authors describe the implementation and analyze the relevant characteristics of MoteIST, namely its memory footprint and power profile.
Smart Ultra Low Power Energy Harvesting System
Authors: Correia Alexandre L. , Catela José M. , Piedade Moisés S. , Rocha Rui M.
Published: December 2013

Small embedded systems operating in unattended conditions do need to be perpetually powered if a truly pervasive paradigm is envisaged. Harvesting energy from the surrounding environment seems to be the best option. For that, a set of systems has been proposed featuring interesting solutions but not yet capable of overcoming some issues like performance and flexibility. The authors propose a novel design for an environmental energy harvesting power supply that not only can work with multiple energy sources but also can extract the maximum possible energy from them. Additionally, it can provide important information concerning the energy resources of the system. Focusing particularly on the system’s design, the authors present results from a reference implementation that highlight the low wasted power and high efficiency characteristics of the system.
A Game Theoretic Approach to Guarantee Fairness in Cooperation Among Green Mobile Network Operators
Authors: Militano Leonardo , Molinaro Antonella , Iera Antonio , Petkovics Ármin
Published: December 2013

Energy efficiency is one of leading design principles for the current deployment of cellular mobile networks. A first driving reason for this is that half of the operating costs for the network providers comes from the energy spent to power the network, with almost 80% of it being consumed at the base stations. A second reason is related to the high environmental pollution, which makes the green cellular networks deployment mandatory. Cooperation between mobile network providers can be an effective way to reduce the CO2 emissions and, simultaneously, reduce the operating expenditures. In this paper, a game theoretic approach is proposed to introduce fairness and stability into an optimal algorithm for switching off the cooperating base stations. This aims at making such a solution more attractive in real implementation scenarios where profit-driven network providers act as rational players.
Design of a Temperature-Constrained Governor to Save Energy in an Open Multi-Frequency Green Router
Authors: Lombardo Alfio , Reforgiato Diego , Riccobene Vincenzo , Schembra Giovanni
Published: December 2013

In the last years a new challenge turned out for both researchers and industries in telecommunications area is represented by green networks. Besides energy saving that is possible to achieve, another positive side effect of this is the reduction of the working temperature of internal components of telecommunications devices (switches, home gateway, routers, etc.). This idea is encouraging the development of routers of reduced dimensions as long as there is the knowledge that the temperature remains in a given range. For this reason the target of this paper is to propose a governor policy that provides the best trade-off between quality of service and energy saving in respect of a given target on the working temperature. More specifically, such a governor is in charge to manage the clock frequency of the Central Processor Unit (CPU) of the green router according to the traffic loading the router, varying the processing engine performance, the working temperature and the power consumption of the hardware at the same time. The proposed policy is then applied to a case study and evaluated by simulation to show how it can be used for the above purposes, and to allow green router designers to control the temperature statistics of a router and design the governor parameters to maintain the mean temperature below a given threshold.
Test-Driven Development of Data Warehouses
Authors: Schutte Sam , Ariyachandra Thilini , Frolick Mark
Published: December 2013

Test-driven development is a software development methodology that has recently gained a great deal of traction in the software development community. It focuses on creating software-based test cases that define the business requirements of an application before beginning the coding of the application itself. This paper proposes that test-driven development could be a useful methodology for data warehouse projects, in that it could help team members avoid some of the major pitfalls of data warehousing, and result in a higher-quality end product.
Clinical and surgical-pathological staging in early non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Koukis Ioannis , Gkiozos Ioannis , Ntanos Ioannis , Kainis Elias , Syrigos Konstantinos N.
Published: December 2013

Staging is of the utmost importance in the evaluation of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because it defines the actual extent of the disease. Accurate staging allows multidisciplinary oncology teams to plan the best surgical or medical treatment and to predict patient prognosis. Based on the recommendation of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), a tumor, node, and metastases (TNM) staging system is currently used for NSCLC. Clinical staging (c-TNM) is achieved via non-invasive modalities such as examination of case history, clinical assessment and radiological tests. Pathological staging (p-TNM) is based on histological examination of tissue specimens obtained with the aid of invasive techniques, either non-surgical or during the intervention. This review is a critical evaluation of the roles of current pre-operative staging modalities, both invasive and non-invasive. In particular, it focuses on new techniques and their role in providing accurate confirmation of patient TNM status. It also evaluates the surgical-pathological staging modalities used to obtain the true-pathological staging for NSCLC.
Die vasstelling van ’n fisieke-welstandaanwyser
Authors: Du Toit Peet , Naicker Lee-Anne , Nortje Evangeline , Kleynhans Michael , Ferreira Ronél , Gericke Gerda
Published: December 2013

With the increasing prevalence of emphasis on lifestyle-related wellness, the focus has been diverted from treatment and cure of disease to prevention and health promotion. Therefore, the area of wellness has received much attention and has been promoted with much enthusiasm, especially in the corporate industry. The present study delved into the area of overall physical wellness and explored its components and the influence of an active work environment on these components. This study adopted a cross-sectional, quantitative experimental design Undergraduate university students (n = 165) and 234 training recruits and law enforcement employees underwent several wellness assessments in a bid to compare overall physical wellness in sedentary and active work environments. The individual results were compared and scored into risk areas that were ultimately compounded to formulate an overall physical wellness indicator. It was found that the students were superior in some areas of wellness; the recruits, however, possessed a more pronounced state of overall physical wellness. This indicates that physical activity does contribute significantly to attaining a state of overall physical wellness and so reduces the risk of developing lifestyle related chronic conditions. The overall findings suggest that maintaining a healthy lifestyle through physical activity and health-promoting behaviour will result in a greater state of wellness. In this area of research a host of possibilities for future research are unfolding especially the overall wellness indicator.
Characteristics of ICT‐Based Converging Technologies
Authors: Kim Pang Ryong
Published: December 2013

The rising pace of technological change in information and communications technology (ICT) has provoked technological convergence by providing a new mode of diversification. This paper investigates the nature of ICT‐based converging technologies by examining comparative empirical evidence on converging versus nonconverging technologies in relation to the following issues: patent application trends, concentration across technologies, the concentration of patenting activity across firms, R&D efforts, and a technology impact index. For this study, a new operational definition of ICT‐based converging technology is derived, and a massive quantity of patents, up to around 600,000, is analyzed. This study follows the International Patent Classification as well as the modified European Commission's industry classification system for the classification of technologies and industries, respectively.
The Characteristics of Cu2O Thin Films Deposited Using RF‐Magnetron Sputtering Method with Nitrogen‐Ambient
Authors: Lee Seong Hyun , Yun Sun Jin , Lim Jung Wook
Published: December 2013

We investigate the characteristics of Cu2O thin films deposited through the addition of N2 gas. The addition of N2 gas has remarkable effects on the phase changes, resulting in improved electrical and optical properties. An intermediate phase (6CuO·Cu2O) appears at a N2 flow rate of 1 sccm, and a Cu2O (200) phase is then preferentially grown at a higher feeding amount of N2. The optical and electrical properties of Cu2O thin films are improved with a sufficient N2 flow rate of more than 15 sccm, as confirmed through various analyses. Under this condition, a high bandgap energy of 2.58 eV and a conductivity of 1.5×10−2 S/cm are obtained. These high‐quality Cu2O thin films are expected to be applied to Cu2O‐based heterojunction solar cells and optical functional films.
Analysis of Failure in Miniature X‐ray Tubes with Gated Carbon Nanotube Field Emitters
Authors: Kang Jun‐Tae , Kim Jae‐Woo , Jeong Jin‐Woo , Choi Sungyoul , Choi Jeongyong , Ahn Seungjoon , Song Yoon‐Ho
Published: December 2013

We correlate the failure in miniature X‐ray tubes with the field emission gate leakage current of gated carbon nanotube emitters. The miniature X‐ray tube, even with a small gate leakage current, exhibits an induced voltage on the gate electrode by the anode bias voltage, resulting in a very unstable operation and finally a failure. The induced gate voltage is apparently caused by charging at the insulating spacer of the miniature X‐ray tube through the gate leakage current of the field emission. The gate leakage current could be a criterion for the successful fabrication of miniature X‐ray tubes.
High‐Quality Stereo Depth Map Generation Using Infrared Pattern Projection
Authors: Jeong Jae‐chan , Shin Hochul , Chang Jiho , Lim Eul‐Gyun , Choi Seung Min , Yoon Kuk‐Jin , Cho Jae‐il
Published: December 2013

In this paper, we present a method for obtaining a highquality 3D depth. The advantages of active pattern projection and passive stereo matching are combined and a system is established. A diffractive optical element (DOE) is developed to project the active pattern. Cross guidance (CG) and auto guidance (AG) are proposed to perform the passive stereo matching in a stereo image in which a DOE pattern is projected. When obtaining the image, the CG emits a DOE pattern periodically and consecutively receives the original and pattern images. In addition, stereo matching is performed using these images. The AG projects the DOE pattern continuously. It conducts cost aggregation, and the image is restored through the process of removing the pattern from the pattern image. The ground truth is generated to estimate the optimal parameter among various stereo matching algorithms. Using the ground truth, the optimal parameter is estimated and the cost computation and aggregation algorithm are selected. The depth is calculated and bad‐pixel errors make up 4.45% of the non‐occlusion area.
Hybrid Facial Representations for Emotion Recognition
Authors: Yun Woo‐han , Kim DoHyung , Park Chankyu , Kim Jaehong
Published: December 2013

Automatic facial expression recognition is a widely studied problem in computer vision and human‐robot interaction. There has been a range of studies for representing facial descriptors for facial expression recognition. Some prominent descriptors were presented in the first facial expression recognition and analysis challenge (FERA2011). In that competition, the Local Gabor Binary Pattern Histogram Sequence descriptor showed the most powerful description capability. In this paper, we introduce hybrid facial representations for facial expression recognition, which have more powerful description capability with lower dimensionality. Our descriptors consist of a block‐based descriptor and a pixelbased descriptor. The block‐based descriptor represents the micro‐orientation and micro‐geometric structure information. The pixel‐based descriptor represents texture information. We validate our descriptors on two public databases, and the results show that our descriptors perform well with a relatively low dimensionality.
Fast Motion Synthesis of Quadrupedal Animals Using a Minimum Amount of Motion Capture Data
Authors: Sung Mankyu
Published: December 2013

This paper introduces a novel and fast synthesizing method for 3D motions of quadrupedal animals that uses only a small set of motion capture data. Unlike human motions, animal motions are relatively difficult to capture. Also, it is a challenge to synthesize continuously changing animal motions in real time because animals have various gait types according to their speed. The algorithm proposed herein, however, is able to synthesize continuously varying motions with proper limb configuration by using only one single cyclic animal motion per gait type based on the biologically driven Froude number. During the synthesis process, each gait type is automatically determined by its speed parameter, and the transition motions, which have not been entered as input, are synthesized accordingly by the optimized asynchronous motion blending technique. At the start time, given the user's control input, the motion path and spinal joints for turning are adjusted first and then the motion is stitched at any speed with proper transition motions to synthesize a long stream of motions.
Cloud‐Based Gaming Service Platform Supporting Multiple Devices
Authors: Kim Kyoung Ill , Bae Su Young , Lee Dong Chun , Cho Chang Sik , Lee Hun Joo , Lee Kyu Chul
Published: December 2013

To implement a cloud game service platform supporting multiple users and devices based on real‐time streaming, there are many technical needs, including game screen and sound capturing, audio/video encoding in real time created by a high‐performance server‐generated game screen, and real‐time streaming to client devices, such as low‐cost PCs, smart devices, and set‐top boxes. We therefore present a game service platform for the running and management of the game screen, as well as running the sound on the server, in which the captured and encoded game screen and sound separately provide client devices through real‐time streaming. The proposed platform offers Web‐based services that allow game play on smaller end devices without requiring the games to be installed locally.