bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesan Model Polya Dalam Pembelajaran Algoritma Dalam Kalangan Pelajar: Satu Kajian Kes
Authors: Mohd Adnan Zafirah , Hamid Jamilah
Published: December 2020

Keputusan yang cemerlang penting untuk pelajar matrikulasi dan memberi peluang yang lebih baik dalam pemilihan bidang bagi melanjutkan pelajaran ke peringkat Ijazah. Namun, penguasaan kemahiran penyelesaian masalah yang lemah dalam pengaturcaraan menyebabkan pelajar sukar mendapatkan keputusan yang baik. Maka kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti kesan penggunaan model penyelesaian masalah Polya dalam pembelajaran algoritma pengaturcaraan dalam kalangan pelajar matrikulasi. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen kuantitatif berbentuk kuasi eksperimen kumpulan kawalan tidak setara dengan ujian pra dan ujian pasca. Seramai 30 orang sampel daripada jurusan Sains Modul Dua, Program Satu Tahun Kolej Matrikulasi Johor dipilih menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak kebarangkalian; 15 pelajar kumpulan kawalan dan 15 pelajar kumpulan rawatan. Eksperimen dilaksanakan selama tujuh minggu dan instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah ujian pra dan ujian pasca yang terdiri daripada enam soalan subjektif.  Data di analisis menggunakan Statistical Package For The Social Science (SPSS) bagi mendapatkan data deskriptif iaitu min, peratus, kekerapan, sisihan piawai dan data inferens melalui ujian-t. Keputusan ujian-t menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan min yang signifikan antara pencapaian ujian pasca kumpulan rawatan berbanding pencapaian kumpulan kawalan. Ini menunjukkan kaedah adaptasi Model Polya yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran algortima pengaturcaraan meningkatkan prestasi pencapaian pelajar. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa adaptasi Model Polya sesuai digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran algoritma khususnya dalam penyelesaian masalah pengaturcaraan.
Kedudukan Hukum Tanah Wakaf di Desa Padang Betuah Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf
Authors: Tinora Piyen
Published: December 2020

Di desa Padang Betuah Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah masih banyak terdapat tanah wakaf yang difungsikan untuk tempat ibadah, pemakaman umum, balai desa dan fasilitas umum lainya, namun kurang diperhatikan oleh nadzhir dalam pengelolaan bangunan, bahkan ada satu bidang tanah wakaf yang nama wakifnya tidak diketahui kerana penyerahan tanah wakaf tersebut terjadi secara lisan dan tanah wakaf tersebut belum bersertifikat atau belum di daftarkan ke pejabat pembuat akta ikrar wakaf untuk di buatkan akta wakaf sesuai dengan peraturan undang-undang nomor 41 tahun 2004, Permasalahan penelitian ini dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: 1) berapa banyak tanah wakaf yang ada didesa padang betuah dan dipergunakan untuk apa tanah wakaf tersebut. 2) apakah faktor penyebab tanah wakaf tersebut belum bersertifikat. 3) bagaimana kedudukan hukum tanah wakaf yang belum bersertifikat di tinjau dari undang-undang nomor 41 tahun 2004. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode penelitian empiris yaitu data diperolah melalui wawancara mendalam  terhadap responden dilapangan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut didesa padang betuah, terdapat dua bidang tanah wakaf yang sudah dipergunakan untuk pemakaman umum dan satu bidang tanah wakaf masih berupa lahan kosong yang belum di bangun fasilitas umum oleh nadzhir dan pemerintahan desa. Tiga bidang tanah wakaf yang ada didesa padang betuah belum mempunyai sertifikat wakaf sesuai dengan undang-undang tentang wakaf nomor 41 tahun 2004 masalah yang terjadi seperti ini tidak bisa diselesaikan secara hukum karena dalam proses penyerahan wakaf hanya berupa surat penyerahan yang tidak bisa diperkarakan oleh nadzir karena nadzir tidak memiliki sertifikat wakaf yang berkekuatan hukum tetap. Kata Kunci : Tanah Wakaf, Nadzir, sertifikat, sengketa
Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Kedudukan Anak Angkat dalam Sistem Kewarisan Hukum Adat pada Suku Lembak (Studi Kasus Di Kelurahan Dusun Besar Kecamatan Singaran Pati Kota Bengkulu)
Authors: Irlan Irlan
Published: December 2020

Keberadaan anak angkat itu diambil dari lingkungan asalnya dan dimasukkan ke dalam keluarga yang mengangkatnya menjadi anak angkat. Alasan pengangkatan anak pada umumnya adalah takut tidak mendapatkan keturunan, dan kedudukan anak angkat tersebut adalah sama dengan kedudukan anak kandung, dan hubungan kekeluargaan dengan orang tua anak dengan sendirinya putus secara adat. Rumusan Masalah, bagaimanakah proses pengangkatan anak, kedudukan anak angkat dan tinjauan secara yuridis berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak pada adat suku suku Lembak di Kelurahan Dusun Besar Kecamatan Singaran Pati Kota Bengkulu. Metode penelitian, Penelitian ini dapat dikategorikan sebagai penelitian yang bersifat penelitian hukum sosiologis atau empiris. Hasil penelitian, Proses pengangkatan anak menurut adat suku lembak Kelurahan Dusun Besar Kecamatan Singaran Pati Kota Bengkulu, yaitu sebagai berikut : Tahap musyawarah, Proses pengangkatan Penyebab pengangkatan anak pada masyarakat suku lembak, yaitu : Mempertahankan keturunan. Tetapi proses pengangkatan anak tersebut tidak dilakukan melalui proses di Pengadilan Negeri, yaitu adanya penetapan dari hakim tentang kedudukan anak angkat itu. Kata Kunci : Yuridis, Anak Angkat, dan Suku Lembak.
KEBIJAKAN NON PENAL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN PERKEMBANGAN PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIL DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Hasrizal Hasrizal
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKPekerja Seks Komersil (PSK) adalah peristiwa penjualan diri dengan jalan menjual belikan badan, kehormatan, dan kepribadian kepada banyak orang untuk memuaskan nafsu seks dengan imbalan pembayaran. Berdasarkan hasil rekapitulasi data PSK di Dinas Sosial Kota Pekanbaru pada tahun 2015 berjumlah 56 orang, tahun 2016 meningkat menjadi 83 orang. Hingga 2018 mencapai 128 orang. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan Kebijakan Penal dan Non Penal dalam penaggulangan perkembangan PSK. Rumusan Masalah Bagaimanakah Penanggulangan Perkembangan, Faktor penghambat dan kebijakan non penal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah hukum sosiologis. Populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 152 orang dan sampel berjumlah 7 orang. Metode pengumpulan data mengunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian yaitu kebijakan non penal dalam menanggulangi PSK di Kota Pekanbaru: Pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Sosial. Kegiatan rutin razia oleh SATPOL PP, Kepolisian, TNI. Serta penyuluhan kesehatan oleh Dinas Kesehatan. Faktor penghambat penanggulangan PSK selalu terjadi kebocoran informasi dalam melakukan tindak razia. Berkembangnya PSK di Kota Pekanbaru dikarenakan beberapa hal: bocornya informasi razia, masyarakat yang tidak peduli lingkungan sekitar, adanya baking anggota penegak hukum yang menaungi PSK. Kata kunci: teknik kebijakan non penal; penanggulangan; perkembangan; pekerja seks komersilABSTRACTCommercial Sex Workers (CSWs) are the events of selling themselves by selling bodies, honor, and personality to many people to satisfy sexual appetite in exchange for payment. Based on the results of recapitulation of CSW data in the Pekanbaru City Social Service in 2015 there were 56 people, in 2016 it increased to 83 people. Until 2018 there were 128 people. To overcome this problem, Penal and Non Penal are needed in controlling the development of CSWs. Formulation of the Problem What is the Development of Mitigation, Inhibiting Factors and Non Penal Policy. This type of research is sociological law. The population in this study amounted to 152 people and a sample of 7 people. Data collection method uses purposive sampling. The results of the research are non penalpolicy in tackling CSWs in Pekanbaru City: Coaching conducted by the Social Service. Routine raids by SATPOL PP, Police, TNI.as well as health counseling by the Health Office. The obstacle factor in controlling CSWs is information leakage in carrying out raids. The development of commercial sex workers in the city of Pekanbaru is due to several reasons: leaked information on raids, people who do not care about the environment, baking law enforcement members who oversee CSWs.Keywords: legal non penal policy; prevention; development: commercial sex workers
IMPLEMENTASI RESTITUSI ANAK SEBAGAI BENTUK PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI ANAK KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Lisnawati Dewi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKSetiap anak yang menjadi korban tindak pidana berhak mendapatkan restitusi seperti yang tertuang di dalam peraturan pelaksana dari Pasal 71 D Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak No. 35 Tahun 2014 yakni Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 43 Tahun 2017 tentang Pelaksanaan Restitusi Bagi Anak Yang Menjadi Korban Tindak Pidana. Pelaksanaan restitusi kepada korban hanya ditujukan kepada beberapa tindak pidana tertentu saja termasuk tindak pidana kekerasan seksual. Diterbitkannya Peraturan Pemerintah tersebut bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap korban khususnya anak-anak atas penerapan hak restitusi. Penelitian ini termasuk tipologi penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan restitusi bagi anak yang menjadi korban tindak pidana kekerasan seksual di Provinsi Riau berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 43 tahun 2017 belum berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa kendala yakni kurangnya kesadaran dari aparat penegak hukum untuk mendorong terlaksananya restitusi bagi anak yang menjadi korban tindak pidana, administirasi pengajuan permohonan restitusi yang rumit, dan kendala restitusi yang tidak dibayarkan dan ketentuan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 43 Tahun 2017 yang kurang jelas. Fokus penelitian ini adalah penerapan restitusi pada anak korban tindak pidana berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 43 Tahun 2017.Kata kunci: restitusi; anak korban tindak pidana; kekerasan seksualABSTRAKEvery child who is a victim of a crime is entitled to get restitution as stipulated in the implementing regulations of Article 71 D of the Child Protection Act No. 35 of 2014 namely Government Regulation Number 43 of 2017 concerning Implementation of Restitution for Children Who Become Victims of Criminal Acts. The implementation of restitution to victims is only aimed at a number of specific criminal acts including sexual violence. The issuance of this Government Regulation aims to provide legal protection for victims, especially children, on the application of restitution rights so that they can run well. This research is a typology of empirical legal research. The results showed that the implementation of restitution for children who were victims of sexual violence in Riau Province based on Government Regulation No. 43 of 2017 has not gone well. This is caused by several constraints namely lack of awareness from law enforcement officials to encourage the implementation of restitution for children who are victims of criminal acts, administration of submission of complex restitution applications, and restitution constraints that are not paid and the unclear provisions in Government Regulation Number 43 of 2017. The focus of this research is on the provisions stipulated in Government Regulation Number 43 of 2017 concerning the implementation of restitution for children who are victims of criminal acts.Keywords: restitution; child victims of crime; sexual assault
SENTIDO Y VALOR DEL ORDEN CONSTITUCIONAL EN LAS OBRAS TRONCALES DE HERMANN HELLER. WEIMAR Y LOS ETHISCHE RECHTSGRUNDSÄTZE
Authors: Castaño Sergio Raúl
Published: December 2020

En las siguientes páginas se estudiarán algunos rasgos salientes del abordaje político-sociológico que hace Hermann Heller de la realidad de la constitución. Ese análisis permitirá observar cómo la realidad empírica misma de la organización constitucional no se explica —ni menos se legitima— sino merced a los principiosético-jurídicos fundamentales (ethische Rechtsgrundsätze). La Constitución de Weimar ofrece un ilustrativo ejemplo de esta concepción central de la filosofía política y jurídica de Hermann Heller.La fuente para esta tarea será la compulsa de las obras principales del gran teórico del Estado.
ANÁLISIS Y AVANCES EN LA APLICACIÓN DEL ARTÍCULO 1º DE LA CONSTITUCIÓN POLÍTICA DE LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS
Authors: Salinas Eslava Gustavo Alejandro
Published: December 2020

Derivado de la reforma constitucional en los Estados Unidos Mexicanos del 10 de junio de 2011 en materia de derechos humanos, el país ha vivido cambios substanciales en la impartición de justicia, así como de interpretación normativa en beneficio de la sociedad, si bien es cierto, esa reforma fue promovida en arasde que el país se encontrara a la vanguardia en materia de derechos humanos también lo es que la misma fue de aplicación inmediata que trajo consigo carencias en infraestructuras para la aplicación amplia a los derechos humanos consagrados en la Constitución, así como la falta de actualización de los servidorespúblicos impartidores de justicia, lo que trajo consigo el atraso en la aplicación de dichos derechos. No obstante lo anterior, la tendencia globalizadora en derechos humanos en el mundo orillo al Estado Mexicano a actualizarse a pasos acelerados, por lo que resultaba puntual enfatizar y aplicar de manera inmediata los principios consagrados en la propia Constitución en su artículo 1º Constitucional, así como crear precedentes jurisprudenciales que apoyaran en el aceleramiento en la aplicación de los derechos humanos en México. No obstante lo anterior, es importante destacar que la experiencia para los impartidores de justicia como de loa abogados postulantes ha sido complicada, lo anterior ya que en la actualidad seguimos en un problema grave en violaciones a los derechos humanos en lucha constante con la actualización en interpretación jurídica, siendo responsable tanto el sector social como del propio Estado.
ANÁLISIS Y CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTIDAD PROFESIONAL DEL CRIMINÓLOGO Y CRIMINALISTA EN MÉXICO
Authors: Hikal Carreón Wael Sarwat
Published: December 2020

Este artículo se centra sobre tres aspectos para la formación de la identidad del criminólogo y criminalista en México. Para ello, se abordan algunos elementos principales de lo que es una profesión, por una parte, se define en base al cuerpo de conocimientos sobre el cual se construye durante su formación, lo que permite el siguienteaspecto, la delimitación de su campo de aplicación, lo que implica su responsabilidad profesional. Se divide en tres secciones: Identidad profesional, jurisdicción profesional, y la necesidad de generar investigación ligada a salidas profesionales.
LA COMPETITIVIDAD EN AMÉRICA LATINA: UN ANÁLISIS DESDE EL CICLO DE POLÍTICA PÚBLICA
Authors: Higuera Cota Maria Fernanda , Ayala Reséndiz Christian Jesús
Published: December 2020

Para la presente investigación se hizo un análisis de la competitividad de los cinco países mejor ubicados de acuerdo con el Índice Global de Innovación (IGI) e Índice de Competitividad Global (ICG), en materia de los ciclos de políticas públicas de dichas entidades. Para cumplir con lo anterior, el objetivo de esta investigaciónes hacer un análisis de la situación de América Latina, ante el reto de promover vía políticas y nuevos arreglos institucionales, con base en el ciclo de políticas públicas propuesto por Franco. A partir de los resultados encontrados en el análisis, se determinó que el éxito se halla en algunos niveles del Gobierno y sirven comoguía para que los demás países en el territorio latinoamericano deben hacer para promover y garantizar el desarrollo sostenible.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING SYNDESMOTIC SCREW FIXATION- A COMPARISON OF SCREW REMOVAL VERSUS RETENTION.
Authors: Thampi Rahul , Babu Balu C , George Melvin J , Shaji Druvan , Bhaskaran V K , K Chandrababu K
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: - The incidence of distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injury in ankle fractures is about 13%. The integrity of syndesmosis is a critical factor which stabilizes ankle mortise during weight-bearing besides load transmission. The primary purpose of the study was to assess the functional outcome in patients with Weber B and C fractures and to decide whether the syndesmotic screws are to be removed or not before weight-bearing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: - This was a prospective observational study involving patients (>18 years of age) who had undergone open reduction and internal fixation of an ankle fracture belonging to Weber B or C classification who had screw stabilization of a disrupted syndesmosis. The study period was three years commencing from August 2014. They were divided into two groups based on the syndesmotic screw retention or removal before weight-bearing. The patients were then regularly followed up with American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle/hindfoot score and Visual Analogue Score-Foot and Ankle (VAS-FA) score were used to assess the functional outcome. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were done with each follow-up at 4,6,9,12 months.
RESULTS: - We identified 32 fractures in 32 patients. Treatment undertaken was open reduction and internal fixation for the malleolli and syndesmotic screw fixation in all patients, and syndesmotic screws were removed in 17 and retained in 15. None of the patients were managed conservatively. We lost a patient to long-term follow-up. The AOFAS score was seen to be progressively increasing (92.3 – 96.75) and higher in the removed group as compared to retained. The VAS-FA score was also seen to be increasing besides being higher in the removed group (160.17 to 187). None of the patients failed the operative stabilization. Also, none of the patients had long-term complications like non-union, mal-union or screw back out excepting one patient who had persistent pain in the retained group.
CONCLUSION: It is safe and better to remove the syndesmotic screw prior to weight bearing, when compared to retaining them insitu. Level of evidence IV-prognostic
DAIRY INDUSTRY? READY TO ADOPT BLOCK CHAIN TECHNOLOGY?
Authors: Sekar Ramajeyam
Published: December 2020

Author reviewed various manuscripts of work done by authors and presenting and it is abstract in summarized fashion. In India, block chain technology is very primitive stage in adoption, however the looking the features available in the technology, it looks more interesting to take up for implementation. In today digital world, it is getting more imperative to build trusted business model which will enable all stake-holders in the supply chain trust each other and conduct business.. In health conscious world, today the customers / consumers are to be empowered brought into the trusted business model of food world, particularly the consumption of Milk and Dairy products, food products etc, the source of the material and its various nutrients are to be validated by the consumer and ensure that the consumer is purchasing the right products, which is where the BLOCK CHAIN technology is going to be very promising solution.
EXTENSIVELY DISSEMINATED CYSTICERCOSIS – CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Kaur Navdeep , Kaur Narinder , Chhabra Harvinder Singh , Kaur Ravinder
Published: December 2020

Cysticercosis is a known disease of the developing world and accounts for the majority of epilepsy cases in these nations. The disseminated form represents a rare presentation of the disease with neurocysticercosis being the most common. Patients may present with neurological complaints of seizures only with no clinical manifestations of muscular pseudohypertrophy or palpable subcutaneous nodules usually found in disseminated form falsely localizing disease to the central nervous system. This case report highlights the fact that despite its rarity a high index of suspicion for disseminated form should be kept in mind in endemic areas and warrants routine screening of all patients for multi-organ involvement who present with multiple lesions in brain parenchyma.
EFFECT OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS ON THE PARAMETERS OF LIVER FUNCTION TESTS
Authors: Choudhury Shouryabrata , Paul Neelanjana , Sharma Bhaskar
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical conditions encountered by the surgeons worldwide. In acute appendicitis, liver function test is one of the biochemical tests used to predict the severity of disease process. Blood from the abdominal organs reaches the liver via portal vein which not only carries the nutrients but also bacteria and toxins absorbed from the gut. When the load is more than the functional capacity of the liver, it leads to parenchymal damage to the liver, which is reflected as deranged parameters of liver function tests. The present study has been designed to evaluate the effect of acute appendicitis and its complications on liver function tests.
MATERIAL AND METHOD: This observational prospective study was conducted on 55 cases of acute appendicitis and its complications. Patients of all ages and of either sex presenting with acute appendicitis (ALVARADO score >9 and confirmed by USG) were included in the study and were subjected to Liver function tests (LFT) and histopathology examination report were collected after appendicectomy.
RESULTS: On histopathological and intraoperative examination, 5.45% had normal appendix, 54.54% had inflamed appendix, 40% had gangrenous or perforated appendix. Liver function tests were evaluated in these subjects. We found that in subjects with inflamed appendix, 16.6%, 10% and 6.6% had elevated levels of total bilirubin, AST, ALT respectively and none had elevated ALP. Similarly, in subjects with perforated/gangrenous appendix, 72.7%, 54.5%, 18.2% and 9.1% had elevated total bilirubin, AST, ALT and ALP levels respectively. The LFT parameters are deranged in pathological appendix and more specifically the total bilirubin level is high for gangrenous and perforated appendix.
CONCLUSION: LFT parameters are deranged in complicated appendicitis and more specifically the total bilirubin level.
MATERNALAND PERINATAL OUTCOME IN PREECLAMPSIAAND ECLAMPSIA IN RELATION TO LDH LEVELS
Authors: Singh Priti , Sinha Krishna
Published: December 2020

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) is an intracellular enzyme. Recently LDH has been suggested as potential marker to predict severity of pre- eclampsia. The aim of present study was to correlate LDH levels in pregnant women and women with Preeclampsia and eclampsia in antepartum period and to correlate maternal and perinatal outcomes with LDH levels. Pregnant women in this study were enrolled in 3rd. trimester from 28 weeks onwards . Case control study was done in 100 women with normal B.P and in another 100 women having Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia. Serum LDH levels were measured in all women and maternal and perinatal outcome was assessed. A significant positive correlation was found in patients with Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia . LDH levels gradually increased with increase in the severity of the disease.Regular monitoring of serum LDH levels in such patients may help in detecting severity of the disease and associated end organ damage.The maternal complications were found to be maximum in women with LDH > 800 IU/l. Abruption was the most common complication.
EFFECT OF SERUM VITAMIN D LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL- MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL
Authors: Das Brahmarshi , Hait Narendra Nath , Dasgupta Sayantan , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

The aim of study is to elucidate the status of vitamin D level in adult patients with cardiovascular disease. Measure serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D level in adult patients diagnosed with cardio vascular disease. Lipid profile level in diagnosed patients with cardio vascular disease. Blood glucose level in diagnosed patients with cardiovascular disease. Assess those patients with ECG parameters. Compare the level of serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level in adult patients of cardio vascular disease with respect to age and sex matched apparently healthy controls. Observational, non-interventional, hospital based cross sectional study and case control studies were done for clinical correction. Patients with diagnosed Cardiovascular Disease were selected from OPD and IPD of the department of Medicine, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, Paschim Medinipur and analysis of biochemical parameters were done in the Department of Biochemistry, Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, Paschim Medinipur. In Control, the mean Vitamin D (mean± S.D.) of patients was 40.3500± 1.9456. The mean Vitamin D was significantly higher in cases compared to control which was statistically significant. We concluded that serum vitamin D level in patients was significantly correlated with coronary artery diseases in a tertiary care hospital.
FREQUENT BLOOD SAMPLING LEADS TO SIGNIFICANT IATROGENIC BLOOD LOSS IN VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT BABIES
Authors: Mondal Prabodh Chandra , Mahata Dhruba Kumar , Mathew Rincy , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION
Newborns receiving intensive care require frequent determination of hematologic status, blood chemistry and arterial gas analysis. Anemia of prematurity (AoP) is common in preterm very low birth weight babies (<1.5 kg body weight).Nearly all extremely preterm infants develop AoP and up to 90% require atleast one red blood cell transfusion during their NICU stay. However, anotherim[ortant cause for AoP seems to be related to iatrogenic blood loss due to frequent laboratory investigations. Recently, several small studies reported that newborns especially preterm VLBW infants may lose more than half of their blood volume due to cumulative laboratory blood sampling in the first weeks after birth.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the total amount of blood sampled in VLBW new-borns during the stay in the neonatal unit (SNCU& NICU). The number and total amount of blood transfused in VLBW new-borns during the stay. The relationship between blood loss due to blood sampling and blood transfusion in VLBW.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A prospective observational study is being planned to perform in all VLBW new-borns admitted in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care centre in eastern India. This study will be conducted for 6 months in all VLBW. Subjects will be subdivided into 1000gm (500gm to 999gm) and >- 1000gm- < 1500gm. Each group will be subdivided into critically ill or not. Babies with RDS requiring surfactant and/or ventilator treatment, birth asphyxia with HIE and/or in whom infection is strongly suspected or verified by blood investigation and culture will be considered as critically ill. Those babies with duration of stay more than 5 days will be considered for the study.
RESULTS
Our study showed that total of 214 babies (both VLBW, ELBW) admitted from 1/11/2019 to 30/4/2020.Among these, 130 babies admitted in the SNCU for more than 5 days. Out of this, 86 babies were eligible in the study satisfying all inclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics are mentioned in table 1.Table 2 presents the comorbidities like respiratory distress, birth asphyxia, sepsis. The total iatrogenic blood loss was 3ml (0.90- 11.89). The average blood loss was 3.4 ml/kg.
CONCLUSION
From our study we found that sampling related blood loss is higher among lower birth weight babies. As birth weight decreases, sampling related blood loss increases and further need for transfusion increase.
STUDY OF FETAL SALVAGE FOLLOWING MCDONALD'S ENCERCLAGE
Authors: Mange Krupa R. , Bangal Vidyadhar B.
Published: December 2020

Introduction - Mc Donald’s cervical encerclage is one of the surgical procedures, which has been proved beneficial in improving the fetal salvage in recurrent pregnancy loss in second trimester of pregnancy.
Material and Methods-A retrospective observational study was carried out at tertiary care teaching hospital for a period of five years. Forty cases of bad obstetrical history that include repeated abortions and preterm labour probably due to cervical incompetence were included. Procedure was performed at various weeks of gestation ranging from 14-32 weeks.
Results-Following Mc Donald’s procedure, 1 woman had abortion, and 6 had preterm labour and 33 women reached beyond 37weeks. In the present study, the average interval from Mc Donald’s encerclage to delivery was 130 days.Infant salvage rate in this study was 41% before and 88% after Mc Donald’s encerclage operation.
Conclusion-Mc Donald’s cervical encerclage results in improving fetal outcome,when performed in properly selected cases.
COMPARATIVE STUDY TO EVALUATE EFFICACY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CAFFEINE AND AMINOPHYLLINE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF APNEA OF PREMATURITY
Authors: Kundu Soumi , Pradhan Sayan , Dasgupta Malay Kumar , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION
An estimated 5.9 million children under 5 years of age died in 2015, with a global under-fivemortality rate of 42.5 per 1000 live births.
AIMS
The aim of my study was to compare the beneficial effects and adverse effects of caffeine and aminophylline in the management of apnea of prematurity during hospital stay and 1 year follow up period after discharge.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) in Department of Pediatric Medicine, R.G. Kar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India. From 2015 to 2016. Intramural preterm neonates admitted to NICU diagnosed as having apnea of prematurity and satisfying the inclusion criteria mentioned below.
RESULT AND ANALYSIS
In our study showed that in GROUP A, 2 cells (50%) have expected count less than 5. In GROUP B, 4 cells (100%) have expected count less than 5. So, Pearson Chi-Square test is not applicable for this two groups.Instead Fisher’s Exact Test (2 sided) is applied. In GROUP C, all babies who were put on CPAP/ventilator survived. So chi-square test could not be done.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Though Caffeine has some clear benefits over aminophylline like once a day treatment, no need of drug monitoring, and cost effectiveness. We prefer caffeine over aminophylline in the treatment of apnoea of prematurity in our institution.
EPICARDIALADIPOSE TISSUE THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS.
Authors: Saha Jayanta , Bhattacharyya Kuntal , Kumar Shravan , Jana Debarshi
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION
Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of several cardiovascular risk factors, and is defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria (2001) or the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (2005). 1, 2The prevalence of metabolic syndrome varies between 24.6 - 41% in different parts of Indian subcontinent and based on different criteria for metabolic syndrome.
OBJECTIVES
To assess epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness by echocardiography in patients with metabolic syndrome, and find out if there is any association between EAT thickness and different cardiovascular risk factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in India among patients attending the Medicine and Cardiology out-patient department (OPD) during the study period of six months from May 2018 to October 2018. Patients satisfying the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome as per the IDF criteria (2005) were included in the study, as there are separate cut off points for waist circumference for South Asian population.
Design: Cross-sectional observational study.
Setting: Single centre study in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Participants: Initially 450 patients with metabolic syndrome as per International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria (2005) were screened. Patients having age above 65 years, deranged liver/renal function, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, malignancy, pregnancy, ascitis, poor echo window, history of endocrine disorders like Cushing Syndrome, glucocorticoid use, having any acute illness and those not giving consent were excluded. Final sample size was 397. For defining the normal EAT thickness in this geographic region, 50 age and gender matched healthy volunteers without any conventional cardiovascular risk factors (except age in some cases) acted as controls. Study period was six months.
RESULT
The mean value of EAT thickness in the control group was 2.97 (± 0.86) mm, hence the upper reference limit of EAT thickness in this study was taken as more than mean + 2SD, i.e. 4.69mm. Mean EAT thickness in patients suffering from metabolic syndrome was 5.48 ± 0.83 mm, which was significantly increased compared to controls. Taking 4.69mm as cut off, it was seen that 311 (78.34%) patients had increased EAT thickness >4.69mm.
CONCLUSION
Further studies with larger sample size and longitudinal design are required to establish the ability of EAT thickness to predict cardiovascular risk.
CONGENITALABSENCE OF LEFT PERICARDIUM AND MEDIASTINAL PLEURA: A RARE INCIDENTAL FINDING DURING OPEN HEART SURGERY.
Authors: Varma Varuna , Thukral Ankit
Published: December 2020

9 Year old male child planned for elective Atrial Septal Defect closure Surgery.He had a incidental Intra Operative finding of Partial pericardial defect on left side with Pericardial Herniation in left pleural cavity.
PREVALENCE OF DEVELOPING IPHONE ELBOW IN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS USING SMARTPHONE
Authors: Abbas Rizvi Hassan , Humaira Anjum Hafiza , Salahuddin Sidra , Khan Saba
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
The study is intended to identify the prevalence of developing
iphone Elbow in young undergraduate physical therapy students
using Smartphone.
STUDY DESIGN
Study design is a cross-sectional observational survey of DPT students
METHODOLOGY
206 adolescent students aged 15-28 years, using smart phones
frequently or handheld gadgets were asked to fill a questionnaire to
analyze the frequency of using smart phones and the activities
performed on the devices. The intensity of pain associated with
Smartphone usage was identified using VAS scale. COZEN test was
performed for diagnosis of Epicondylitis.
RESULT
Results revealed that the frequency of Smartphone usage is higher
between 20 and 21 years of age. Interestingly, the results obtained
in this study shows that 67.5% students make calls and 60.7% use
video chatting while message reading was found to be 43.7% and
sending message is 39.8%. Putting down notes and task orientation is
40%. Comparatively the typing activities of muscles were found to
be high. On the VAS scale 35% of participants sometimes feel pain
and 10.2% often complain of pain with uneasiness, demonstrating
decreased muscular strength. However, regarding posture, youngsters
who use sitting posture are 39.3% and those who prefer supine
lying posture are 32% while those who never use Smartphone in
prone lying are 46.1% and those who rarely use their device in prone
are 25.7%. Cozen test was found to be negative in 80.6% and only
19.4% test results turned out to be positive.

KEYWORDS
Tennis Elbow, lateral epicodylitis, epicondylalgia, smart phones, MSK
injuries and youngsters, overuse injuries.
Attitude of Library and Information Science students towards discipline and future of the profession
Authors: Khalili Leila
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the present research is to study the attitudes of LIS students towards their field and career future. Current applied and quantitative study used survey method. Data collection instrument was a modified questionnaire based on prior studies. The reliability analysis of the questionnaire was carried out using Cronbach's Alpha. Population of the study was graduate and undergraduate LIS students in Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. In order to answer the research questions, descriptive and parametric statistical tests (Indepent-t, Anova and Pearson) were applied based on demographic variables. SPSS 20 was used to analyze the data and Excel was used to draw the graphs. Based on findings, the highest agreement among students was about the endangerment of career future by the recruitment of non-specialized individuals in this profession; while the lowest agreement was about the positive view of people about this field.  There was a positive and a significant association between Attitudes towards Field & Career Future (ATFS&CF) and GPA. It could be concluded that students with higher GPA have more optimistic opinion about ATFS & CF. Respondents worried about their career future as well as the employment of graduates of other fields in this profession.
سياسة الرومان في رومنة المدن الثلاث "لبتس ماجنا، أويا، صبراتة" (47 ق.م – 235 م)
Authors: بن صلاح محمد عبد القادر
Published: December 2020

قام الرومان عند إخضاعهم للمدن الثلاث برومنتها، حيث اتبعوا سياسة التدرج في فرض النظام الروماني على هذه المدن ونشر الثقافة الرومانية فيها إلى أن تشبعت بالثقافة الرومانية وأصبحت مدن متحضرة على غرار مدينة روما، كما اتبعوا سياسة إنشاء البلديات لمنع القبائل من الترحال وتشجيعها على الاستقرار، واختلف موقف السكان المحليين ما بين مترومن متشبع بالثقافة الرومانية وبين رافض متمسك بالثقافة البونية المحلية، ويهدف هذه البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على المدن الثلاث، والتعرف على النظم التي وضعها الرومان لرومنة الإقليم وموقف السكان من سياسة الرومنة التي اتبعها الرومان، حيث اعتمد الباحث على المنهج التاريخي السردي التحليلي، وقد خلص البحث إلى اصطباغ المدن الثلاث بالصبغة الرومانية، ومحافظة القرى والقبائل القريبة من المدن الثلاث على نمط حياتها التقليدي .
Peculiarities of acute viral respiratory infections pathogens epidemiology and circulation in some regions of the Russian Far East during two epidemic seasons (2017-2018 and 2018- 2019 years)
Authors: Trotsenko O. E. , Korita T. V. , Bazykina E. A. , Kurganova O. P. , Zaitseva T. A. , Ignatyeva M. E. , Detkovskaya T. N. , Funtusova O. A. , Sapega E. Yu. , Butakova L. V.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To reveal peculiarities of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) incidence among population of the Far Eastern Federal District depending on viral etiology during two epidemic seasons (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). Materials and methods. Method of epidemiological analysis by means of ARVI incidence with weekly epidemic thresholds as utilized. Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory viruses was carried out by applying RT-PCR method and test-kits of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology. In order to determine relations between ARVI incidence and viral etiological structure of ARVI correlation and regression analysis was performed. Results. Identical epidemical tendencies with differences in ARVI incidence intensity were registered in the evaluated constituent entities of the Russian Far East. Utmost intensity of epidemic process was revealed in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) and Sakhalin Oblast. In the south regions (Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai, Amur Oblast) ARVI incidence, occasionally excessing epidemic threshold was lower. Territorial and time irregularity is peculiar for etiology of infections in the Russian Far East. During the epidemic season of 2017-2018 statistically significant prevalence was determined for the influenza virus B in Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krai, influenza virus A(H3N2) ‒ in the Sakhalin Oblast, respiratory syncytial virus ‒ in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia), rhinoviruses were dominant in the Amur Oblast. During the 2018-2019 epidemic season influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 was mostly prevalent in most of the constituent entities of the Russian Far East. Compared to the other regions of the Far Eastern Federal District in the Amur Oblast were revealed differences in circulation of respiratory viruses predominantly of non-influenza origin during two observed epidemic seasons. Conclusion. Constant evaluation of ARVI epidemics under the conditions of constantly changing landscape of circulating viruses in a particular region can be useful for determination of strategies and tactics of epidemiological response.
INNOVATIVE SOFTWARE FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF INDIVIDUAL DIETARY THERAPEUTIC AND PREVENTIVE NUTRITION
Authors: Романова Марина Михайловна , Чернов Алексей Викторович , Романов Никита Алексеевич
Published: December 2020

По данным экспертов Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ) к 2025 г. в мире будет насчитываться более 3 млрд. больных ожирением. Неуклонно в мире и в нашей стране продолжается рост распространенности хронических неинфекционных заболеваний полиморбидной патологии. Актуальность работы определяется потребностью практического здравоохранения в оптимизации диагностики фактического питания и коррекции пищевых рационов у пациентов всех профилей. Статья посвящена разработке программного приложения для управления коррекцией фактического питания и массы тела в практическом здравоохранении. При реализации были использованы обзор аналогов, статистические данные, современные средства программирования, логичная и понятная архитектура. Разработанный нами программный продукт позволяет оценивать: фактическое питание, качество режима, ритма и привычек питания; физическую активность и условия труда, возрастные и гендерные особенности; индивидуальные физиологические потребности в пищевых веществах и энергии; соматическую патологию; формировать отчет по каждому пациенту, группам по нозологиям, полу, возрасту; предлагать семидневное меню с возможностью адаптации под индивидуальность пациента, выдавать индивидуализированное семидневное меню, хранить все результаты в базе данных. Применение программного комплекса оценки и коррекции питания, разработанного нами, позволяет оптимизировать процесс назначения и индивидуализации лечебного диетического и лечебного профилактического питания

Chronic non-communicable diseases represent the largest group of diseases of modern man, make the greatest contribution to the overall mortality and disability of the population. Comorbid and polymorbid pathology occupies a special place in scientific medicine and practical health care and needs further comprehensive study. The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the prevalence of metabolic disorders, nutritional status and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in patients with comorbid and polymorbid somatic pathology. We used survey methods using special questionnaires, a comprehensive method for assessing nutritional status, and statistical methods for processing the data obtained using computer programs. In the sample of patients with comorbid chronic non-communicable diseases, there was a high prevalence of violations of nutritional status, metabolism, and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases. In the presence of polymorbidity, the changes were significantly more pronounced. Close correlations between the individual parameters studied were revealed. The results of the study should be taken into account when conducting further scientific research, as well as in practical medicine within the framework of a three-level and three-stage system of organizing national health care, including when providing medical care for medical rehabilitation
FEATURES OF FOOD PREFERENCES OF YOUNG MEN WITH DIFFERENT PHYSICAL TRAINING
Authors: Дубровина Елена Игоревна , Королев Дмитрий Сергеевич , Каражелясков Олег Петрович , Анищенко Александр Петрович , Гуревич Константин Георгиевич
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена особенностям формирования гигиенических подходов к питанию юношей с различной физической подготовкой. В статье проанализированы практические навыки и методики организации культуры питания спортсменов высокоинтенсивных видов спорта и юношей, не занимающихся спортом. Определены некоторые подходы к рациональности режима питания. Особенности рациона питания юношей, имеющих профессиональную физическую подготовку, связываются с определением потребности организма спортсменов в энергии, пищевых и биологически активных компонентах. В результате работы выявлено, что скелетно-мышечная масса у спортсменов отличается высоким и пропорциональным развитием на туловище и конечностях. Основной обмен у юношей, борцов имеющих интенсивную физическую общую физическую подготовку, или же занимающихся борьбой, выше, чем у юношей, не занимающихся спортом. При детальном рассмотрении рациона потребляемых продуктов выявлено преобладание мясных блюд у юношей, имеющих интенсивную физическую подготовку, это ведет к преобладанию белков в пище. Колбасные изделия занимают значительное место в питании группы 1; также, юноши группы 1 чаще других обследованных употребляют чай, газированные напитки

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of formation of hygienic approaches to nutrition of young men with different physical training. The article analyzes the practical skills and methods of organizing a nutrition culture for athletes of high-intensity sports and young men who do not engage in sports. Some approaches to the rationality of the diet are defined. Features of the diet of young men with professional physical training are associated with determining the needs of the body of athletes in energy, food and biologically active components. As a result, it was found that the musculoskeletal mass of athletes is characterized by high and proportional development on the trunk and limbs. Main exchange for young wrestlers who have intensive physical General physical training, or engaged in wrestling, higher than that of young men who are not engaged in sports. A detailed review of the diet of consumed products revealed the predominance of meat dishes in young men with intensive physical training to the predominance of proteins in food. Sausage products occupy a significant place in the diet of group 1; also, young men of group 1 are more likely to use tea and carbonated drinks than other subjects
Poligami dalam Perspektif Kader Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah Makassar
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar , Novira Nuraeni , Syahriani Eka , Aswar Aswar
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to determine the concept of polygamy in Islam and to identify polygamy from the perspective of the Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah's cadres in Makassar. The problems that the authors raise in this study are; First, what is the concept of polygamy in Islam. Second, what is the perspective of Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah Makassar's cadres on polygamy. To find answers to these problems, the author employed a quantitative approach which is designed as survey research using a questionnaire for data collection. Then the understanding of the results of the analysis is interpreted descriptively. The results of the study found that the perspective of Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah's cadres in Makassar on polygamy can be seen based on two things, namely the level of knowledge and understanding of the Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah's cadres in Makassar towards polygamy which is in the medium category and the level of agreement of statements regarding the perceptions and attitudes of Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah Makassar's cadres against polygamy which is classified as positive and falls into the "approved" category
Kontrak Kerja dan Kesejahteraan ABK Nelayan Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam di Sarangmeduro, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Ani Fatmawati  , Ana Toni Roby Candra Yudha  , Hammis Syafaq
Published: December 2020

Analysis of work contracts on the welfare of crew in fishermen sector from the Perspective of Islamic business ethics in Sarangmeduro Village is a study that aimed to answer questions about how the fishermen sector work contracts are implemented and how the welfare of the crew members is applied in Sarangmeduro Village. The methodology used was descriptive qualitative method with the type of case study research on the object. The result of this research is that the work contract conducted by fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village is a work contract system that has been implemented from generation to generation and is more likely to approach the muzaroah contract in profit sharing of maro or paroan. Based on the field of employment, the fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village live in prosperity. By the opening jobs provided by ship employers, they are facilitated in finding work. The residence that is inhabited every year has changed, which was originally made of woven bamboo, now most of them are built of bricks. The existence of a work contract implemented by fishermen can help to boost the economic condition of the fishermen in Sarangmeduro Village, which is always developing. The researcher recommend that fishermen make work inovation.