bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The potential effect of iopamidol contrast on renal function in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus
Authors: Tersakyan Sarven , Chappidi Monica , Patel Ankit , Hainsworth Kenneth , Alshoubi Abdalhai
Published: September 2022

Background:

Many types of computed tomography (CT) scans require the use of contrast. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known adverse effect of intravenous contrast administration. To our knowledge, the effects of low-osmolar contrast agents such as iopamidol on renal function in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus have never been studied. This study investigates the incidence of AKI following iopamidol contrast administration in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included two groups: patients who received CT pulmonary angiography who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Data were collected from the electronic medical record of a single hospital from January 1, 2020, to September 15, 2020. AKI was defined using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition: increase in serum creatinine by ≥0.3 mg/dL (≥26.5 mcmol/L) within 48 h, or increase in serum creatinine to ≥1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days, or urine volume <0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 h.

Results:

AKI occurred in 13.51% of patients in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group and 16.92% of patients in the negative group. Using a two-sample test to compare the equality of proportions (with continuity correction factor), we found there is no significant difference in the two proportions (P = 0.3735).

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference in the incidence of AKI between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups. Given the limitations of this study, further work must be done on this topic.
A Rare Case of Quadruple Limb Amputation due to Factor V Leiden Mutation
Authors: Zachariah Ann Noble , Sankaran Ravi
Published: September 2022

Factor V Leiden, an autosomal dominant gene mutation that leads to increase risk of forming thrombophilia. Amputation in patients with Factor V leiden mutation is known but none describe quad-limb amputation in this setting. We present a case of a quad-limb amputee due to sepsis with factor V Leiden mutation and how he was rehabilitated.
Dimensional Accuracy of Medical Models of the Skull Produced by Three-Dimensional Printing Technology by Advanced Morphometric Analysis
Authors: Aristotle Sharmila , Patil Shantanu , Jayakumar Saikarthik
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Three-dimensional (3D) printing creates a design of an object using software, and the process involves by converting the digital files with a 3D data using the computer-aided design into a physical model. The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of human printed 3D skull models from computed tomography (CT) scan data via a desktop 3D printer, which uses fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology.

Material and Methods:

Human anatomical cadaver skulls were CT scanned in 128-slice CT scanner with a slice thickness of 0.625 mm. The obtained digital imaging and communications in medicine files were converted to 3D standard tessellation language (STL) format by using MIMICS v10.0 software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) program. The 3D skull model was printed using a Creatbot DX desktop 3D FDM printer. The skull model was fabricated using polylactic acid filament with the nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm and the resolution of the machine was maintained at 0.05 mm. The accuracy was estimated by comparing the morphometric parameters measured in the 3D-printed skull with that of cadaver skull and with CT images to ensure high accuracy of the printed skull. Fourteen morphometric parameters were measured in base and cranial fossa of the skull based on its surgical importance.

Results:

Analysis of measurements by inferential statistical analysis of variance for all three groups showed that the 3D skull models were highly accurate. Reliability was established by interobserver correlation for measurements on cadaver skull and the 3D skulls. Dimensional error was calculated, which showed that the errors between three groups were minimal and the skulls were highly reproducible.

Discussion and Conclusion:

The current research concludes that a 3D desktop printer using FDM technology can be used to obtain accurate and reliable anatomical models with negligible dimensional error.
Description of an Atypical Vascular Arch in the Renal Parenchyma
Authors: Barrios Alberto Garcia , Cisneros Gimeno Ana Isabel , Nogue Jesus Obon , Orozco Jaime Whyte
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Variability in renal vascularization occurs with a frequency of around 30%. During the routine dissection of one cadaver without renal pathology, we revealed the presence of one.

Material and Methods:

Dissection of a cadaver carried out in the practicing room of School of Medicine. Results: During the routine dissection of one cadaver without renal pathology, we revealed the presence of an early bifurcation of the renal artery on the left side, and the presence of two polar arteries – superior and inferior -, the latter presenting an anterior and posterior vascular arch to the renal pelvis in the parenchyma, which anastomoses the pre- and retro-pyelic branches of the renal artery with the pre- and retro-pyelic branches of the inferior accessory polar artery. In addition, the presence of an accessory polar artery was observed in the right kidney.

Discussion and Conclusion:

For vascular surgeons, knowledge of this anatomical variation is of real clinical relevance in cases such as fenestrated endografting in order to preserve the function of the entire kidney.
Should We Focus More on Teaching and Training Disaster Management in Health-care Colleges? An Insight into the Students' Knowledge, Attitude, and Readiness to Practice
Authors: Li Shi , Gillani Ali Hassan , Ibrahim Mohamed Mohamed Izham Mohamed , Omer Sumaira , Fang Yu
Published: September 2022

Background:

The critical aspects of risk management for students are providing knowledge, building positive attitudes, and readiness to practice. Our study aimed to assess Chinese health-care university students' knowledge (K), attitude (A), and readiness to practice (rP) regarding disaster medicine and preparedness.

Materials and Methods:

A survey was carried out using a self-administered disaster medicine and preparedness questionnaire. Three main outcome measures were K (22 items), A (16 items), and rP (11 items). Responses were scored and classified as high, moderate, and low. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed for data analysis.

Results:

A total of 769 valid questionnaires were collected. The associations between K, A, and rP scores was significant, i.e., K–A scores (r = 0.449, P = 0.000), K–rP scores (r = 0.312, P = 0.000), and A–rP scores (r = 0.656, P = 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated direct low-to-moderate effects of gender, age, attitude, and knowledge on readiness to practice (R
2 = 0.198; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The study discovered that most of the students had a moderate level of knowledge, moderate level of attitude, high level of readiness to practice, and a moderate level of total KArP. K, A, and rP were significantly correlated, and K and A were predictors for rP among the health-care students. The findings indicate the importance of health-care colleges for building students' knowledge, attitudes, and readiness to practice disaster medicine and preparedness before joining the profession.
In Silico and In Vitro Investigation of Anti Helicobacter Activity of Selected Phytochemicals
Authors: Al Tawalbeh Deniz , Aburjai Talal , Al Balas Qosay , Al Samydai Ali
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Helicobacter pylori is Gram-negative helical bacteria that inhibit stomach mucosal lining and establish infection. Urease enzyme was confirmed to be pivotal target in which its suppression will prompt bacteria treatment and eradication.

Methods:

Series of naturally bioactive compounds were selected based on ethnobotanical and molecular modeling techniques with potential urease inhibitory effect. The selected phytochemical compounds were in-silico and in-vitro assayed against urease enzyme, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and a synergistic effect was studied and cultured specifically for H. pylori.

Results:

Terpineol was considered as the most active compound with an IC50 of 1.443 μg/ml (R
2 = 0.9374). The synergistic effect of terpineol and metronidazole indicated a possible additive effect (fractional inhibitory concentration result is 0.78) with improvement of MIC results for both terpineol and metronidazole.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that terpineol is best to be considered as a lead compound for H. pylori infection treatment and could be a potent inhibitor when combined with metronidazole targeting urease enzyme.
Local Banach-space dichotomies and ergodic spaces
Authors: Cuellar Carrera Wilson , de Rancourt Noé , Ferenczi Valentin
Published: September 2022

We prove a local version of Gowers’ Ramsey-type theorem [Ann. of Math. 156 (2002)], as well as local versions both of the Banach space first dichotomy (the “unconditional/HI” dichotomy) of Gowers [Ann. of Math. 156 (2002)] and of the third dichotomy (the “minimal/tight” dichotomy) due to Ferenczi–Rosendal [J. Funct. Anal. 257 (2009)]. This means that we obtain versions of these dichotomies restricted to certain families of subspaces called D-families, of which several concrete examples are given. As a main example, non-Hilbertian spaces form D-families; therefore versions of the above properties for non-Hilbertian spaces appear in new Banach space dichotomies. As a consequence we obtain new information on the number of subspaces of non-Hilbertian Banach spaces, making some progress towards the “ergodic” conjecture of Ferenczi–Rosendal and towards a question of Johnson.
Stability of approximate group actions: uniform and probabilistic
Authors: Becker Oren , Chapman Michael
Published: September 2022

We prove that every uniform approximate homomorphism from a discrete amenable group into a symmetric group is uniformly close to a homomorphism into a slightly larger symmetric group. That is, amenable groups are uniformly flexibly stable in permutations. This answers affirmatively a question of Kun and Thom and a slight variation of a question of Lubotzky. We also give a negative answer to Lubotzky’s original question by showing that the group

\mathbb{Z}

is not uniformly strictly stable. Furthermore, we show that

\operatorname{SL}_{r}(\mathbb{Z})

,

r\geq3

, is uniformly flexibly stable, but the free group

F_{r}

,

r\geq2

, is not. We define and investigate a probabilistic variant of uniform stability that has an application to property testing.
Estimating Brake Pad Life in Regenerative Braking Intensive Vehicle Applications
Authors: Antanaitis David , Robere Matthew
Published: September 2022

Regenerative braking without question greatly impacts brake pad service life in the field, in most cases extending it significantly. Estimating its impact precisely has not been an overriding concern - yet - due in part to the extensive sharing of brake components between regen-intensive battery-electric and hybrid vehicles, and their more friction-brake intensive internal combustion engine powered sibling. However, a multitude of factors are elevating the need for a more accurate estimation, including the emerging of dedicated electric vehicle architectures with opportunities for optimizing the friction brake design, a sharp focus on brake particulate emissions and the role of regenerative braking, a need to make design decisions for features such as corrosion protection for brake pad and pad slide components, and the emergence of driver-facing features such as Brake Pad Life Monitoring. Tackling this question raises questions such as “is the proven braking energy and temperature based wear model still sufficiently predictive of wear or do other mechanisms become dominant?”, and “how does customer behavior for charging and discharging of the battery affect brake pad life?” In the present study, validated models for brake pad life in the field are adapted for regenerative braking equipped vehicles, including simple models for the battery charge acceptance power, battery state of charge, electric drive unit characteristics, and customer battery charging habits. After correlating with field data, the models are used in case studies to illustrate some of the important considerations for friction brake wear on regenerative brake equipped vehicles.
A Study of Moisture Sorption-Desorption and Its Influence on the Dynamic Modulus and Friction Coefficient of Copper-Free Brake Pads
Authors: Sriwiboon Meechai , Koetniyom Saiprasit , Rhee Seong Kwan , Sukultanasorn Jittrathep , Kaewlob Kritsana
Published: September 2022

The moisture sorption-desorption kinetics of copper-free brake pads was studied in detail. The sorption-desorption behavior is dependent on the environmental temperature and humidity. At 24 °C under 54% RH, the sorption increases rapidly for a week or so identified as the first stage of sorption, enters the second stage of negligible weight gain for a month and then the third stage of rapid sorption again. With increasing moisture sorption, the pad thickness increases through the 3 stages and the dynamic modulus also increases through the 3 stages. Friction materials lose moisture rapidly at 130°C and behave like desiccants. The sorption-desorption phenomenon significantly influences the friction coefficient -- a higher moisture content leading to lower friction coefficients. It is demonstrated that the rising friction coefficient for the half a dozen braking stops at the beginning of every brake testing in general is due to moisture desorption caused by rising pad temperatures. The pads become a reservoir for releasing moisture for a long period of time during testing. As many standardized brake test procedures do not specify the moisture content of the pads, brake test repeatability and reproducibility become problematic. Also, friction material property measurements for quality control becomes problematic as the moisture content is not specified or considered. For modeling and simulation of brake friction, vibration and noise, the moisture sorption-desorption effects will have to be incorporated for reliable outcomes.
Brake Systems and Composite Rotors: How Racing can be a Vision for High Performance Cars
Authors: Cividini Omar , Passoni Raffaello
Published: September 2022

Carbon/Carbon brakes in Racing are in use since the 80’s, directly derived from aircraft brake materials.

Racing cars evolved so much since then that dedicated materials, design, quality tools, simulation & testing tools have been developed through the years.

Today a Racing car brake is no longer just a brake but it’s a very integrated system in the vehicle aerodynamics, a way to control tyre temperature and to optimize BBW system strategy in order to improve overall performance.

Brembo effort on C/C brake materials will be shown, including:

new patented/patent pending fiber architectures to tune desired final mechanical/thermal properties

self-developed CFD and chemical simulation of CVD furnaces to optimize product variability and maximize production efficiency

self-developed non-destructive quality tests to check 100% of actual production

advanced structural and CFD models to achieve efficient extreme cooling patterns

materials that may be tuned to the thermal, mechanical, friction and cost desired final properties

Such know how has been brought into a new generation of high performance C/SiC brake materials, with the scopes of:

Achieve high performances typical of Racing brakes

Minimize the weight and rotating masses on a car

Maintain “comfort” behavior as today “ best reference ”

Easy to use out of racing environment too

Maximize rotor life and minimize rotor/pads consumption, for a “greener” usage

A vision for future directions of such material is forecasted
Fatigue Analysis for Automotive Wheel Bearings with Road Load Data
Authors: Lee Seungpyo , Cho Sunyoung , Nam Minjung , Sutherlin Robert
Published: September 2022

Automotive wheel bearings have primary functions of translating the rotating motion of the wheels into vehicle motion while bearing the vehicle weight. The life of automotive wheel bearings can be divided into raceway life and flange life. Of the two lives, flange life is the failure mode in which the wheel flanges begin to fail. The wheel flange life can be numerically predicted through fatigue analysis. Flange fatigue life requires analysis including rotation due to the bearing characteristics. Therefore, flange life evaluation of wheel bearings can be identified through actual road load test data by mounting wheel bearings on actual vehicles.

This paper discusses a fatigue analysis method for automotive wheel bearings using actual road load test data to calculate wheel flange life. Stress analysis and fatigue analysis were performed sequentially using commercial software. Stress was calculated by the stress analysis, and damage was calculated by the fatigue analysis from this result. In the stress analysis, the material properties and loadings were assumed to be linear. To investigate the nonlinear characteristics of the bearing, linear and nonlinear analysis was performed while changing the contact conditions. Stress analysis and fatigue analysis were performed on the baseline design and improved design, respectively. It was found that the damage of the improved design was significantly improved when compared to the damage of the baseline design. In conclusion, it is expected that the failure of the automotive wheel bearings can be predicted using the method proposed in this study.
3D-CFD RANS Methodology to Predict Engine-Out Emissions with Gasoline-Like Fuel and Methanol for a DISI Engine
Authors: Esposito Stefania , Chaychizadeh Ali , Golc Dominik , Hesse Raik , Beeckmann Joachim , Pitsch Heinz
Published: September 2022

Renewable fuels, such as bio- and e-fuels, are of great interest for the defossilization of the transport sector. Among these fuels, methanol represents a promising candidate for emission reduction and efficiency increase due to its very high knock resistance and its production pathway as e-fuel. In general, reliable simulation tools are mandatory for evaluating a specific fuel potential and optimizing combustion systems. In this work, a previously presented methodology (Esposito et al., Energies, 2020) has been refined and applied to a different engine and different fuels. Experimental data measured with a single cylinder engine (SCE) are used to validate RANS 3D-CFD simulations of gaseous engine-out emissions. The RANS 3D-CFD model has been used for operation with a toluene reference fuel (TRF) gasoline surrogate and methanol. Varying operating conditions with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and air dilution are considered for the two fuels. The laminar flame speed for the fuels has been tabulated by means of detailed chemistry 1D-flame calculations. The G-equation model is used to simulate flame propagation in combination with chemical kinetics to estimate the emission species correctly. The resulting G-equation calibration is compared between the two fuels. Emission results are analyzed, validated with experiments, and compared between the two fuels. The methodology shows a good overall predictivity regarding trends and absolute values. Simulated carbon dioxide (CO2) shows to be mainly within a 4 % deviation from the measurements. Oxygen (O2) deviations are within 3 % at lean operation and higher at stoichiometric conditions due to the low overall oxygen content. The maximum nitrogen oxides (NOx) deviation for the TRF is 22 %, while higher deviations are observed for methanol up to 42.3 %. Total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions are mainly below 20 % deviation. Higher carbon monoxide (CO) deviations are observed due to high CO sensitivity to mixture formation prediction, even if the trends with EGR and air dilution are correctly reproduced. Overall, the methodology shows good potential for virtual pollutant evaluation, assessment of emission reduction strategies, and development of engines with methanol fuel.
Evaluation of specific T cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 infection and following Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine prophylaxis
Authors: Plekhova N. G. , Sitdikova T. S. , Dubiy A. A. , Mikhailov A. O. , Prosekovа E. V.
Published: September 2022

An aberrant immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection has been shown to determine the clinical features, disease severity, and progression of COVID-19 infection. This work aimed for comprehensive assessment of the immune response by comparative evaluation of diagnostic significance of the antibodies to RBD domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, as well as detection of effector CD4+ and CD8+T cells specific to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. The study was performed in unvaccinated persons, healthy individuals vaccinated with Gam-COVID-Vac, and in the patients who have had COVID-19 infection. We have found that IgG antibodies to the RBD domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are detectable at a frequency of 73% to 92% of cases in vaccinated persons and COVID-19 reconvalescents. The numbers of effector CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes responding to stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 antigens by producing the IFN cytokine varied depending on the introduced antigen and tended to be higher in vaccinated individuals. In non-vaccinated healthy persons who contacted with COVID-19 patients, T cell response to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoproteins was revealed. For adequate assessment of antiviral and post-vaccination immune response to COVID-19, it would be necessary to study not only humoral immune response by the presence of antibodies, but also functionally active specific T lymphocytes directed for SARS-CoV-2 protein antigens.
Relationships between the indices of innate immunity in sepsis depend on clinical outcomes
Authors: Savochkina A. Yu. , Poltorak A. E. , Nikushkina K. V. , Zotova M. A.
Published: September 2022

At the present time, sepsis is primarily considered a disorder of the immune system caused by dominant infection, manifesting with individual response reaction of the host organism. Hence, sepsis should not be classified as a distinct pro- or anti-inflammatory syndrome, but rather as a variable continuum of overlapping immune mechanisms. The role of innate immunity in sepsis is probably the leading one, since it exerts an early and nonspecific response to any foreign agent. The nature of appropriate relationships may determine current state of the immune system. To perform a deeper study of the anti-infectious protective mechanisms, we have evaluated the relationships between the immunological parameters of peripheral blood in patients with sepsis, depending on the outcome of the disease. Total number of leukocytes, and neutrophils was determined in whole peripheral blood of the patients with sepsis, along with calculation of leukocyte counts and numbers of neutrophil extracellular traps. Serum levels of procalcitonin, peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4, and cytokines were studied by ELISA assay. To study the relationship between the indices of innate immunity, we used correlation analysis, which was carried out by the Spearman rank criterion. When conducting the statistical analysis, strong correlations between the immunological parameters of peripheral blood in patients with sepsis were not revealed, regardless of the outcome of the disease. In cases of favorable outcome, 10 relationships were identified, with an unfavorable outcome, 7 relationships were registered. All the relationships were of medium strength. Regardless of clinical outcome of sepsis, the significant relationships were established between the number of leukocytes and the level of neutrophil extracellular traps; positive relationships were also found between pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 IL-6, TNF IL-18. However, these relationships were significant in cases with favorable outcome, while becoming weaker and losing their significance for the group with lethal outcomes.

Among the revealed relationships, the most interesting finding was an association between favorable outcome of sepsis with IL-10 contents, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine coordinating the innate immune response. In lethal outcomes, such relationship with IL-10 was not revealed. IL-10, a cytokine with anti-inflammatory properties may limit the immune response to pathogens and, thus, potentially prevent damage to the host. Therefore, the relationship between IL-10 and other immunological parameters of peripheral blood in sepsis may affect the outcome of this condition.
A Framework of a Conceptual Model to manage the Food Lost and Waste in the Agri-Food supply chain
Authors: Silvestri Bartolomeo , Facchini Francesco , Digiesi Salvatore , Ranieri Luigi
Published: September 2022

Food loss and waste (FLW) are significant opportunities for the agri-food sector. The FLW management includes all activities allowing to prevent, reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover the discarded food from the market during the postharvest supply chain. Although many strategies allow pursuing these actions, in most cases the availability of FLW generated in Primary Processing Centers does not meet the demand of stakeholders able to manage it. To increase the environmental, economic, and social benefits of FLW reuse, suitable strategies have to be adopted. Consistent with this aim, a conceptual model to be implemented in a business-to-business web platform is proposed to support the decision-maker in identifying the best FLW management strategy under a sustainable perspective, adopting a multicriteria decision method. The numerical simulation results proved the model's effectiveness in identifying the most appropriate FLW management strategy within a set of alternatives.
Theoretical Air Requirement and Combustion Flue Gases Analysis for Indigenous Biomass Combustion
Authors: Lala M. A. , Adesina O. A. , Odejobi O. J. , Sonibare J. A.
Published: September 2022

Rice-husk is one of the most abundant and commonly utilized biomass. It can be used directly to generate primary heating agent in combustion plants. However, emission characteristic of biomass usually vary depending on factors such as the variety of the parent plant, region of cultivation and climatic condition. Moreover, gases emission from biomass combustion could be detrimental to health; hence there is a need for information on the theoretical volume of air and flue gases required for optimal operation of combustion equipment. Thus, this work analyzed the theoretical combustion air requirement and the resulting flue gas volume of the abundant Nerica-rice-husk variety. Rice-husk samples were collected from southwestern part of Nigeria. The samples were characterised for their ultimate and proximate content. Afterward, the combustion analysis was carried out using the elemental composition obtained from the ultimate analysis to determine the theoretical combustion air requirement and the resulting flue gas volume. The proximate analysis result showed the moisture content level, fixed carbon content and ash content value of 10.93%,12.59% and 18.26% respectively for sample A and 9.80%, 20.76% and 14.81% for sample B. This reveals that Nerica-rice-husk is advisable for use as an alternative energy source in a combustion process. The calculated theoretical volume of air for sample A was 3.69596 (N m3/kg fuel), while 3.53947 (N m3/kg fuel) was obtained for sample B. This signifies a slight different between the combustion properties of rice-husk of same variety. It also showed that more quantity of theoretical air will be required to burn sample A compared to sample B, and that sample A will generate little more emissions compared to sample B. Hence, this study reveals the volume of air required for low emission combustion of Nerica-rice-husk in combustion plants.
Examining and improving senior pharmacy students’ knowledge of clinically critical drug-drug interactions
Authors: Oğuz Fatih , Arslan Miray
Published: September 2022

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are essential issues health professionals should consider. In order to fulfil DDI management duties, knowledge about this subject is essential. However, according to the literature, health professionals’ knowledge of DDIs is not at a sufficient level.
Objectives: This study aims to examine and improve the knowledge of senior pharmacy students on DDIs.
Method: A knowledge assessment tool (KAT) containing 20 DDI cases was distributed to 36 randomly selected-year pharmacy students at Van Yüzüncü Yıl University before and after completing a DDI educational intervention.
Result: Senior pharmacy students performed significantly better on the KAT applied following an educational intervention. The proportion of participants correctly identifying DDIs for drug pairs following educational intervention was statistically improved in five pairs at p<0.001 and five pairs at p<0.05.
Conclusion: The educational intervention increases the short-term knowledge level of the students on DDIs.
What is needed to reform pharmacy education in Jordan: An exploratory study based on a multi-stakeholder perspective
Authors: Alnahar Saja A , AL-Rawashdeh Amneh I. , Makhzoomy Alaa K. , Bates Ian
Published: September 2022

Background: The Jordanian pharmacy profession is facing challenges related to pharmacy education and graduates' readiness to join the workforce. The Jordanian Accreditation and Quality Assurance Commission for Higher Education Institutions has led an initiative to revise undergraduate pharmacy academic programmes.
Aim: This study aims to capture relevant stakeholders' perceptions of factors influencing pharmacy education in Jordan.
Methods: In March 2021, three focus group discussions were conducted with relevant stakeholders. Focus groups were thematically analysed. The "systems model of performance improvement" by Richard A. Swanson was broadly followed to interpret discerned themes.
Results: Thematic analysis resulted in three main themes. The discerned themes represented factors related to education input variables, teaching process variables, and environmental variables.
Conclusion: Teaching and learning processes should be shifted from educator-centred to student-centred. The academic curriculum should reflect the local context of practice and society. Future interventions should follow a holistic and comprehensive approach to reforming Jordan's pharmacy education.
GESTÃO ESCOLAR: DIFICULDADES E DESAFIOS NO OFERECIMENTO DO ENSINO REMOTO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Cruz Luciano da Silva , Matos Caroline Tourinho , Pimenta Lídia Boaventura
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho traz como objetivo uma reflexão quanto à viabilidade e efetividade da educação mediada por tecnologia para as crianças e adolescentes inseridas numa instituição municipal de ensino fundamental do município de Serra Preta - Bahia. A pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa, sob natureza descritiva, utilizando-se de instrumentos de pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. A partir da realidade pela qual o Brasil está passando provocada pela Covid-19, doença contagiosa causada pelo coronavírus, fez surgir a necessidade de ações inovadoras e flexíveis por parte da gestão escolar no intuito de garantir a acessibilidade e qualidade da educação prestada, já que tal situação tem obrigado as pessoas a ficarem em isolamento social. E é nesse cenário complexo e em alguns momentos caóticos, que muitas preocupações despontam, principalmente quanto à inclusão das tecnologias como ferramenta de substituição às aulas presenciais, como ação emergencial, o denominado ensino remoto. Tal apreensão, se dar em razão da heterogeneidade das realidades dos alunos envolvidos. Nessa linha, busca-se evitar, por exemplo, uma análise “fria” das propostas sobre ensino remoto, que, em geral, se concentram em comparar “aulas online” com “aulas presenciais”, enquanto que, no contexto atual, a questão é, sobretudo, uma discussão entre “qualidade e acessibilidade às aulas online” e a “não realização de aulas”, ou seja, o que seria menos impactante para os discentes. Nesse sentido, os autores sugerem que a não realização das aulas, sob o argumento de que não é possível chegar a todos com homogeneidade, poderá acentuar as desigualdades resultantes dessa situação de excepcionalidade.
La Salve Regina de Juan del Encina y de Miquel Ortigues: la oración como traducción poética
Authors: Martos Josep Lluis
Published: September 2022

Este artículo estudia las diferentes técnicas para elaborar poemas en lengua romance a partir de la antífona mariana de la Salve Regina. Se centra en una de estas técnicas de construcción literaria: la traducción poética del hipotexto, en verso rimado, frente a la glosa. Se identifican los dos textos hispánicos que se componen a través de este recurso: el de Juan del Encina y el de Miquel Ortigués, el primero en castellano y el segundo en catalán. Ni uno ni otro han sido objeto de ediciones críticas anteriores, al menos de cierta solvencia filológica, por lo que se ofrece aquí la edición crítica de ambos. Se parte de dos cancioneros de autor como testimonio base, con lo que ello implica para su calidad textual. Sin embargo, el poema de Miquel Ortigues también se transmite a través de una edición impresa, que contiene importantes variantes en su parte final, que podrían presentar dudas sobre su genuinidad. Se analizan tales variantes, para concluir su carácter apócrifo; y se contextualizan en prácticas derivadas del proceso editorial, como intervencionismo ajeno al autor.
Pengaruh Perceived Value dan Trust terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Asuransi Syariah Prudential
Authors: Imsar Imsar , Nasution Juliana , Hafni Laila
Published: September 2022

According to Islamic law, Islamic insurance is an effort to protect each other and help between many people and parties through investment or assets, or among many people and parties through investment in the form of assets or tabarru'. Risk through contract (contract). This study aims to determine the effect of perceived value and trust on the loyalty of Prudential Islamic insurance customers, both in part and in general. The method used in this research is the quantitative method. The survey data was obtained from the survey  by searching for the sample  using the Slovin method. Survey was conducted on 83 customers of PT Prudential Life Assurance Syariah Division Tebing  Tinggi. Questionnaire using hypothesis testing using SPSS software version 25 and using linear data  using multiple linear regression analysis. The result of this research is that the variables of perception, perceived value and trust, have a positive and significant effect on loyalty. Second, the variable iperceived value also has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, and the itrust variable also has a positive and significant impact on the loyalty of Prudential Islamic insurance customers.

 Kata kunci : Perceived Value, Trust, Loyalty, Sharia Insurance
PENGARUH EKUITAS MEREK DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN TEH BOTOL SOSRO DI REGIONAL SURABAYA TIMUR
Authors: Ariamanda Sandi Ariamanda , Kusuma Wardani Nuruni Ika
Published: September 2022

Di era globalisasi dimana arus teknologi dan data informasi berkembang sangat pesat saat ini, industri minuman teh dalam kemasan terus mengalami pertumbuhan pangsa pasar yang semakin meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Sehingga produsen harus lebih inovatif dalam hal branding, promosi dan persaingan harga sehingga tercipta persaingan pasar yang ideal dan menghasilkan kemampuan pangsa pasar yang aktif dalam mendukung aspek perekonomian Indonesia. Tidak hanya itu, budaya atau kebiasaan masyarakat Indonesia dalam mengonsumsi teh ini sudah populer secara turun-temurun. Maka tidak salah jika permintaan pasar dan produktivitas air teh dalam kemasan diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya adalah Teh Botol Sosro. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekuitas merek dan promosi terhadap daya beli teh Botolsosro di wilayah Surabaya. Penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah komunitas yang berada di Surabaya sebanyak 90 responden dan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS). Mekanisme yang digunakan adalah Non Probability Sampling dengan menggunakan metode sample purposive sampling. Dari kegiatan pengujian informasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara ekuitas merek, promosi dan keputusan pembelian Teh Botol Sosro di wilayah Surabaya. Katakunci: Ekuitas Merek, Promosi, Kepuasan Pelanggan, Keputusan Pembelian
Russian-German crossroads: one sketch about I.P. Ladyzhnikov’s publishing house
Authors: Anisimov Alexey O.
Published: September 2022

The publication introduces a document identified in the collection of B.N. Rubinstein at the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam. The cited sketch, written in a friendly manner on the occasion of celebrating the 15th birthday of I.P. Ladyzhnikovs publishing house in Berlin, describes several important episodes of the work of Russias commercial firm abroad (at the time), which was closely associated with the underground activities of the RSDLPs Bolshevik faction. The author provides an overview of the history of I.P. Ladyzhnikovs publishing house, as well as certain facts to prove that this sketch is a reliable historical source.
The issues of meta-narrative structure in tom Stoppard’s play and film Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are dead
Authors: Abramovskikh Elena V. , Pasashkova Sofya M. , Smolenskaya Mariya A.
Published: September 2022

Tom Stoppards play and film Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead are analyzed in the article as metatexts at different levels of their semiotical and narratological structure. The specificity of dealing with dramaturgical praetextae of a film reinterpreted through a different semiotic system, in which sound, montage (film editing), frames and frame boundaries are significant, is presented. Particular attention is paid both to the theoretical grounding of metacinema as a genre and to the film analysis from the indicated viewpoint. The authors identify the manner in which both the play and the film reveal the core issue of the relationship between life and art, as well as provide their own analysis of the principles of interaction between the author, the text, and the reader. It is pointed out in the conclusions that the text of the cinema is structured as a complex cinematic game enjoying a multitude of semantic layers. Numerous oppositions such as fictional world vs. real world, traditionalism vs. the non-classical paradigm of aesthetics, etc. together with the use of a-text-within-a-text technique, allow to have the boundaries between theatre and cinematography outlined.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TWO GARDEN SYSTEMS IN A SCHOOL GARDENING PROJECT
Authors: Morados Alexander N.
Published: September 2022

Vegetable growing is essential in people’s health as well as in the economic aspect of their lives. This study sought to find out the level of plant health and growth grown in hydroponic and container gardens. A purposive sampling of the plant selection was used in the study following the criteria on plant health and growth as indicated on plant height (cm); number of leaves; width of leaves (cm); length of leaves (cm); and color of the leaves. The researcher recorded the data every week with a structured observation tool. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings reveal that plants in the hydroponic garden had a significant difference in terms of plant height, length of leaves, width of leaves and number of leaves compared to the plants in the pot garden which means that the hydroponic garden is more effective in growing plants than in the pot garden. On the other hand, results show that there is no significant difference on hydroponic and pot garden in terms of color of the leaves implying that both plants had similar color. The finding points to the need of utilization of the hydroponic garden in the schools and eventually to the homes of the residents in the community.
Urban morphological curricula in Spanish schools of architecture
Authors: Ruiz-Apilánez Borja , Solís Eloy , Ureña José M. de
Published: September 2022

Urban morphological curricula in recently redesigned programmes in all 33 schools of architecture in Spain are examined. In an international context a comparative study is made of different courses using data available on university websites. Urban morphology is present in most compulsory urban studies modules, but these modules are rarely seen as relevant to architectural programmes and only a very few are fully dedicated to the study of urban form. The weak state of urban morphological curricula in Spanish architectural programmes is revealed. Change is urgently needed to provide future professionals with better knowledge and tools for research and practice.
Composited analyses of the chemical and physical characteristics of co-polluted days by ozone and PM2.5 over 2013–2020 in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region
Authors: Dai Huibin , Liao Hong , Li Ke , Yue Xu , Yang Yang , Zhu Jia , Jin Jianbing , Li Baojie
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The co-polluted days by ozone (O3) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 2.5 μm or less) (O3&PM2.5PD) were frequently observed in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region in warm seasons (April–October) of 2013–2020. We applied the 3-D global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to investigate the chemical and physical characteristics of O3&PM2.5PD by composited analyses of such days that were captured by both the observations and the model. Model results showed that, when O3&PM2.5PD occurred, the concentrations of hydroxyl radical and total oxidant, sulfur oxidation ratio, and nitrogen oxidation ratio were all high, and the concentrations of sulfate at the surface were the highest among all aerosol species. We also found unique features in vertical distributions of aerosols during O3&PM2.5PD; concentrations of PM2.5 decreased with altitude near the surface but remained stable at 975–819 hPa. Process analyses showed that secondary aerosols (nitrate, ammonium and sulfate) had strong chemical productions at 913–819 hPa, which were then transported downward, resulting in the quite uniform vertical profiles at 975–819 hPa in O3&PM2.5PD. The weather patterns for O3&PM2.5PD were characterized by a high pressure ridge of the Western Pacific Subtropical High at 850 hPa. The strong southerlies at 850 hPa brought moist air from the south, resulting in a high RH and hence the strong chemical productions around this layer in O3&PM2.5PD. The physical and chemical characteristics of O3&PM2.5PD are quite different from those of polluted days by either O3 alone or PM2.5 alone, which have important implications for air quality management.
Life cycle of stratocumulus clouds over 1 year at the coast of the Atacama Desert
Authors: Schween Jan H. , del Rio Camilo , García Juan-Luis , Osses Pablo , Westbrook Sarah , Löhnert Ulrich
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Marine stratocumulus clouds of the eastern Pacific play an essential role in the earth's energy and radiation budget. Parts of these clouds off the western coast of South America form the major source of water to the hyperarid Atacama Desert coastal region at the northern coast of Chile. For the first time, a full year of vertical structure observations of the coastal stratocumulus and their environment is presented and analyzed. Installed at Iquique Airport in northern Chile in 2018/2019, three state-of-the-art remote sensing instruments provide vertical profiles of cloud macro- and micro-physical properties, wind, turbulence, and temperature as well as integrated values of water vapor and liquid water.
Distinct diurnal and seasonal patterns of the stratocumulus life cycle are observed. Embedded in a land–sea circulation with a superimposed southerly wind component, maximum cloud occurrence and vertical extent occur at night but minima at local noon. Nighttime clouds are maintained by cloud-top cooling, whereas afternoon clouds reappear within a convective boundary layer driven through local moisture advection from the Pacific. During the night, these clouds finally re-connect to the maritime clouds in the upper branch of the land–sea circulation. The diurnal cycle is much more pronounced in austral winter, with lower, thicker, and more abundant (5×) clouds than in summer. This can be associated with different sea surface temperature (SST) gradients in summer and winter, leading to a stable or neutral stratification of the maritime boundary layer at the coast of the Atacama Desert in Iquique.
Quantification of motion-induced measurement error on floating lidar systems
Authors: Kelberlau Felix , Mann Jakob
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Floating lidar systems (FLSs) are widely used for offshore wind site assessment, and their measurements show good agreement when compared to trusted reference sources. However, some influence of motion on mean wind speed data from FLS has to be assumed but could not have been quantified with experimental methods yet because the involved uncertainties are larger than the expected impact of motion.
This study describes the motion-induced bias on horizontal mean wind speed estimates from FLS with the help of simulations of the lidar sampling pattern of a continuous-wave (CW) velocity–azimuth display (VAD) scanning wind lidar. Analytic modeling is used to validate the simulations. It is found that the mean bias depends on amplitude and frequency of motion, the angle between motion and wind direction, and wind speed and strength of wind shear. The simulations are used to quantify the measurement deviation that is caused by motion for the example of the Fugro SEAWATCH Wind LiDAR Buoy (SWLB) carrying a ZX 300M profiling wind lidar.
The strongest bias of −0.67 % of the measurement values was estimated for a test case with “strong” waves aligned with the inflow wind direction. Under “normal” wave conditions the bias is smaller.
The reason for these low errors lies in a fortunate combination of the frequencies of lidar prism rotation and tilt motion.
Method to evaluate large wood behavior in terms of convection equation associated with sediment erosion and deposition
Authors: Harada Daisuke , Egashira Shinji
Published: September 2022

Abstract. This paper proposes a method for describing large wood behavior in terms of the convection equation and the storage equation, which is associated with active sediment erosion and deposition. Recent flood hazards are characterized by numerous amounts of sediment and large wood supplied from upstream mountainous areas, which often exacerbate flood disasters in downstream areas. Previous studies proposed methods to simulate large wood behavior by tracking the motion of individual wood pieces in the flood flow using the Lagrangian method. This study aims to propose a method to simulate the behavior of large amounts of large wood in the flow field with active sediment transportation by employing the convection equation and the storage equation with sediment erosion and deposition to simulate the behavior of numerous numbers of large wood pieces. The proposed method is applied to simulate the flood flow with numerous amounts of sediment and large wood in the Akatani river flood disaster, 2017, where the production and transport processes of sediment and large wood from the basin during heavy rainfall events are employed as upstream boundary conditions for the flood flow analysis. The 2-D flood flow computations indicate that the flood flow can be significantly affected by the large wood deposition at the bridge in terms of water level, velocity distribution, and sediment deposition. The comparison between the field and simulation results addressing large wood deposition in the field demonstrates that the simulation method proposed in this study can reproduce large wood behavior successfully. Overall, since the proposed method makes it possible to simulate the behavior of a numerous number of large wood, it can be applied to the management of hazards, such as the Akatani River.