bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of bentazone in the profiles of mineral soils with low organic matter content
Authors: Paszko Tadeusz , Matysiak Joanna , Kamiński Daniel , Pasieczna-Patkowska Sylwia , Huber Miłosz , Król Beata
Published: December 2020

The current laboratory adsorption study aimed at determination of the values of adsorption distribution coefficient (Kd) of bentazone in the profiles of Arenosols, Luvisols, and Cambisols, which are the most common arable mineral soils in Poland. The study attempted to identify the soil components that bind bentazone and the principal adsorption mechanisms of this compound as well as create a model capable of predicting its adsorption in soils. The Kd values determined in batch experiments after 24 h of shaking were very low, and ranged from 0.05 to 0.30 mL/g for the Ap horizon and 0 to 0.07 mL/g for subsoils. The results indicated that the anionic form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter, while in acidic soils the neutral form of bentazone was adsorbed on organic matter and sand. The detailed analyses of mineralogical composition revealed that the principal mineral that was responsible for the adsorption of bentazone was quartz, which content was strongly positively correlated with the sand fraction. In soils with pH < 5 and an organic carbon content of < 0.35%, quartz exhibited much greater affinity for the neutral bentazone form than organic matter. Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy analyses supported by computational methods have shown the most probable mechanisms behind the adsorption of bentazone on quartz. The created model, assuming the adsorption of bentazone on organic matter and on sand and using the spectrophotometrically determined dissociation constant of bentazone, very well explained the Kd variance in the 81 examined soils, while correctly predicting the adsorption based on soil properties described in the published data.
Rescued chlorhexidine activity by resveratrol against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii via down-regulation of AdeB efflux pump
Authors: Singkham-in Uthaibhorn , Higgins Paul G. , Wannigama Dhammika Leshan , Hongsing Parichart , Chatsuwan Tanittha
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the activity and synergistic mechanisms of resveratrol in combination with chlorhexidine against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. The activity of resveratrol plus antimicrobial agents was determined by checkerboard and time-kill assay against carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolated from patients at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Overexpression of efflux pumps that mediates chlorhexidine susceptibility was characterized by the ethidium bromide accumulation assay. The effect of resveratrol on the expression of efflux pump genes (adeB, adeJ, adeG abeS, and aceI) and the two-component regulators, adeR and adeS was determined by RT-qPCR. The combination of resveratrol and chlorhexidine resulted in strong synergistic and bactericidal activity against carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii. Up-regulation of adeB and aceI was induced by chlorhexidine. However, the addition of resveratrol increased chlorhexidine susceptibility with increased intracellular accumulation of ethidium bromide in A. baumannii indicating that resveratrol acts as an efflux pump inhibitor. Expression of adeB was significantly reduced in the combination of resveratrol with chlorhexidine indicating that resveratrol inhibits the AdeB efflux pump and restores chlorhexidine effect on A. baumannii. In conclusion, reduced adeB expression in A. baumannii was mediated by resveratrol suggesting that AdeB efflux pump inhibition contributes to the synergistic mechanism of resveratrol with chlorhexidine. Our finding highlights the potential importance of resveratrol in clinical applications.
Clinical bleeding patterns and management techniques of abnormal uterine bleeding at a teaching and referral hospital in Western Kenya
Authors: Mutakha Godfrey Shichenje , Mwaliko Emily , Kirwa Philip
Published: December 2020

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects 30% of reproductive age women globally. However, there are limited local studies evaluating the management of these women. The diagnostic guideline using structural and functional causes of AUB adopts the PALM-COEIN criteria, namely: Polyp; Adenomyosis; Leiomyoma; Malignancy and Hyperplasia; Coagulopathy; Ovulatory dysfunction; Endometrial; Iatrogenic; and Not yet classified. This study aimed to determine the clinical bleeding patterns, adherence to PALM-COEIN diagnosis guidelines and management of AUB among women in their reproductive age. This was a cross-sectional study among 108 women with AUB aged 18–45 years was conducted at the gynaecology department of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya between April 2018 and April 2019. Their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire and chart reviews. Adherence to diagnosis recommendations was assessed using PALM COEIN classification. Descriptive and inferential data analysis was conducted at 95% confidence interval. The median age was 30 (IQR: 22, 41) years with prolonged bleeding as the most predominant pattern at 41.7%. Bleeding patterns were significantly associated with age (p = 0.04). Only 16.7% were diagnosed as per the PALM-COEIN criteria with PALM and COEIN accounting for 60% and 40% respectively. Leiomyoma (44.5%) was the common cause of AUB. Laboratory evaluation included: pregnancy tests, full haemogram, hormonal profile and biopsy. Most (79.6%) of the women had abdominopelvic ultrasound done. Medical management was provided for 78.7% of women. Prolonged bleeding was the most common pattern with medical management preferred. There is need for in-hospital algorithms to ensure adherence to PALM-COEIN guidelines.
Potency of gastrointestinal colonization and virulence of Candida auris in a murine endogenous candidiasis
Authors: Abe Masahiro , Katano Harutaka , Nagi Minoru , Higashi Yoshitsugu , Sato Yuko , Kikuchi Ken , Hasegawa Hideki , Miyazaki Yoshitsugu
Published: December 2020

Background

Candida auris infections have recently emerged worldwide, and this species is highly capable of colonization and is associated with high levels of mortality. However, strain-dependent differences in colonization capabilities and virulence have not yet been reported.

Objectives

In the present study, we aimed to clarify the differences between clinically isolated invasive and non-invasive strains of C. auris.

Methods

We evaluated colonization, dissemination, and survival rates in wild C57BL/6J mice inoculated with invasive or non-invasive strains of C. auris under cortisone acetate immunosuppression, comparing with those of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata infections. We also evaluated the potency of biofilm formation.

Results

Stool fungal burdens were significantly higher in mice inoculated with the invasive strains than in those infected with the non-invasive strain. Along with intestinal colonization, liver and kidney fungal burdens were also significantly higher in mice inoculated with the invasive strains. In addition, histopathological findings revealed greater dissemination and colonization of the invasive strains. Regarding biofilm-forming capability, the invasive strain of C. auris exhibited a significantly higher capacity of producing biofilms. Moreover, inoculation with the invasive strains resulted in significantly greater loss of body weight than that noted following infection with the non-invasive strain.

Conclusions

Invasive strains showed higher colonization capability and rates of dissemination from gastrointestinal tracts under cortisone acetate immunosuppression than non-invasive strains, although the mortality rates caused by C. auris were lower than those caused by C. albicans.
CoMA – an intuitive and user-friendly pipeline for amplicon-sequencing data analysis
Authors: Hupfauf Sebastian , Etemadi Mohammad , Fernández-Delgado Juárez Marina , Gómez-Brandón María , Insam Heribert , Podmirseg Sabine Marie
Published: December 2020

In recent years, there has been a veritable boost in next-generation sequencing (NGS) of gene amplicons in biological and medical studies. Huge amounts of data are produced and need to be analyzed adequately. Various online and offline analysis tools are available; however, most of them require extensive expertise in computer science or bioinformatics, and often a Linux-based operating system. Here, we introduce “CoMA–Comparative Microbiome Analysis” as a free and intuitive analysis pipeline for amplicon-sequencing data, compatible with any common operating system. Moreover, the tool offers various useful services including data pre-processing, quality checking, clustering to operational taxonomic units (OTUs), taxonomic assignment, data post-processing, data visualization, and statistical appraisal. The workflow results in highly esthetic and publication-ready graphics, as well as output files in standardized formats (e.g. tab-delimited OTU-table, BIOM, NEWICK tree) that can be used for more sophisticated analyses. The CoMA output was validated by a benchmark test, using three mock communities with different sample characteristics (primer set, amplicon length, diversity). The performance was compared with that of Mothur, QIIME and QIIME2-DADA2, popular packages for NGS data analysis. Furthermore, the functionality of CoMA is demonstrated on a practical example, investigating microbial communities from three different soils (grassland, forest, swamp). All tools performed well in the benchmark test and were able to reveal the majority of all genera in the mock communities. Also for the soil samples, the results of CoMA were congruent to those of the other pipelines, in particular when looking at the key microbial players.
Tuning your body instrument: The alignment of tone and movement
Authors: Keeney Hillary , Keeney Bradford
Published: December 2020

In this article, we outline a movement practice we devised called ‘tonal alignment’. It invites you to regard your body as a musical instrument that produces both a mechanical vibration (movement) and an acoustic vibration (sound). The basic practice involves moving different parts of your body to various musical tones. These tones can be made with your own voice, an instrument, or you can play recorded music. Synchronizing body movement with acoustic sound is what tunes the body instrument. Body tuning, now regarded as comparable with tuning a musical instrument, can be done before any activity or ‘performance’ including the everyday tasks of work and play. Intentionally moving different parts of the body in response to particular musical tones develops a greater capacity to be spontaneously moved by music. Tonal alignment is fun, experimental, can be done alone or with others and brings a welcome inspirational reset.
Greek screen industries: From political economy to Media Industry Studies
Authors: Aitaki Georgia , Papadimitriou Lydia , Tzioumakis Yannis
Published: December 2020

This introductory article to the Special Issue ‘Greek Screen Industries’ of the Journal of Greek Media and Culture offers a critical overview of the recently emerging field of Media Industry Studies and situates existing work on Greek screen industries in its context. It argues that the current fragmentation and lack of dialogue between social sciences and arts and humanities approaches on the topic is particularly marked in the Greek context, a fact that can be explained by institutional and historical reasons. It calls for an expansion of the agendas privileged by political economy approaches to screen media towards the more pluralistic, empirical and culture-orientated perspectives facilitated by Media Industry Studies.
Rebels for every cause: Mythologies of youth in contemporary India
Authors: Nandakumar Aparna
Published: December 2020

The processes of globalization and liberalization currently underway in most parts of the world address young people as agential subjects, even as a primordial fear of the raw, uncontained, chaotic force symbolized by unrestrained youth persists. In such a context, I argue that youth becomes an aspirational subject position signifying different things to various social actors. Drawing upon Roland Barthes’ notion of ‘myth’ as a sign in a second-order semiotic system (Mythologies, 1993), I examine various popular cultural texts of the mid-2000s such as the popular Hindi film Rang De Basanti (‘Paint me the colour of spring’, Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra 2006), as well as select advertisements, music videos and public service campaigns in order to unravel the ‘mythologies’ converging in the figure of youth in contemporary India.
Introducing the CI model for intercultural contact
Authors: Beard Chris
Published: December 2020

International education has become a dynamic export sector and a key source of income for education providers in New Zealand. Its development in the last twenty years has been characterized by steady growth of student numbers, and yet the economic good news has been tempered by a growing awareness of the acculturative stress and anxiety international students’ experience. This concern is exacerbated by news stories that depict international students as a disadvantaged group, and the profound impact of COVID-19 has highlighted international students’ vulnerability to a global pandemic. In the light of these complex challenges, there is a strengthening case for focused work on theory-to-practice models that support international student acculturation in educational contexts. This article introduces the CI model for intercultural contact as a framework that supports education providers’ engagement with international students. It draws on indigenous perspectives embedded in New Zealand’s bicultural heritage and presents three key concepts underpinned by research findings and practitioner experience: cross-disciplinary inquiry, comprehensible input and collaborative intervention.
TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY AS A FACTOR OF TERRITORIAL LOYALTY OF RURAL RESIDENTS OF ALTAI TERRITORY
Authors: Volkova Natalia Victorovna
Published: December 2020

The article considers the problems of transport accessibility of peripheral territories, including rural ones. Transport accessibility is positioned by the author as one of the factors of territorial loyalty of the population of these territories. The author provides a methodological approach to assessing the transport accessibility of a territory from the perspective of bus communication between its center and the nearest cities, analyzes the results of assessing transport accessibility of 25 rural districts of the Altai Territory. In addition, the author gives a definition of the phenomenon of territorial loyalty, the measurement of which is proposed to be carried out using two indicators: the coefficients of migration and natural population growth of the territory. The article presents an assessment of the territorial loyalty of the population of the considered regions of the Altai Territory based on statistics from 2017 and 2018. The main conclusions of the article are based on the results of a correlation analysis of the relationship between indicators of transport accessibility and territorial loyalty.
Millennials, entrepreneurs and the Hungarian workplace of the future the preliminary findings of a pilot study
Authors: Chandler Nick
Published: December 2020

Existing research into generational differences in Hungary was based primarily on adapting findings from studies undertaken in Western Countries. If we consider not only the comparative history and wealth but also the cultural differences between Hungary and the countries in which these studies took place, then the apparent adaptability is brought into question. This study aims to examine the nature of millennial students in Hungary by building up the characteristics from the ground up rather than adapting data from other countries. The findings of the pilot study indicate that the instrument is of suitable length and clarity, and that a printed format is the most likely to produce a high response rate, despite its disadvantages. The findings also confirm the results of previous studies concerning the preference of students in Hungary for a clan type of organisation. There are also initial indications that Hungarian millennials have a high potential for entrepreneurialism.
O processo de trabalho e a equipe multidisciplinar: um relato de experiência do Centro Estadual de Atenção Especializada
Authors: Soares Marcela Quaresma , Carlos Carla Fernanda Lisboa Valente , Sabino Jusceli Souza Nogueira , Ribeiro Daniela Neves , Vieira Juliana Aparecida
Published: December 2020

O processo de trabalho é entendido como um conjunto de saberes, instrumentos e meios, tendo, como sujeitos, profissionais que se organizam para produzirem serviços de modo a prestarem assistência individual e coletiva para obtenção de produtos e resultados decorrentes de sua prática. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a experiência vivenciada pela equipe do Centro Estadual de Atenção Especializada da Região de Saúde de Viçosa/MG no aperfeiçoamento do processo de trabalho multiprofissional. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo foram utilizadas as bases de dados digitais e literatura escrita e coletados dados junto aos profissionais da referida equipe. Quando as atividades do CEAE iniciaram era claro que a forma de desenvolver o trabalho pelos diversos profissionais estava diretamente relacionada às concepções que estes apresentavam sobre o processo saúde-doença quando foram convocados para compor a equipe. A forma de trabalhar era o da “equipe agrupamento”, com trabalhadores colocados juntos em um mesmo ambiente, trabalhando de forma individual. Entretanto, através da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) essas concepções sofreram alterações, rearranjos, contribuindo para mudanças no modo de desenvolver suas atividades profissionais, a fim de atender pessoas/grupos/famílias em sua integralidade construindo projetos terapêuticos. Os profissionais precisaram reconhecer que para abordar a complexidade do trabalho em saúde são necessários distintos olhares, saberes e fazeres. Houve diferenças significativas do alcance da integração multiprofissional e das possibilidades de enriquecimento da assistência prestada, de acordo com as circunstâncias em que o trabalho interdisciplinar é posto em ação. Aos poucos foi surgindo um novo modo de trabalhar em equipe, com prevalência do direcionamento pelas tecnologias leves, potencializando o relacionamento entre os profissionais e destes com os usuários. Ocasionando mudanças na forma como se produz e para quem se produz o cuidado, com vistas em construir um novo fazer saúde.
Avaliação da imagem corporal em relação ao nível de atividade física habitual e o comportamento sedentário de adolescentes
Authors: Miranda Valter Paulo Neves , De Morais Núbia de Souza , Ramos Karina Rafaela , Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro , Priore Silvia Eloiza
Published: December 2020

A imagem corporal pode ser definida como a forma em que o indivíduo se percebe ou se sente em relação ao tamanho, a forma e o contorno do próprio corpo. Atualmente, o corpo magro, com baixos níveis de gordura, tem sido valorizado pela mídia, meio social, família e amigos. As adolescentes do sexo feminino e com excesso de peso podem ser considerados grupo de risco ao desenvolvimento de distúrbios da imagem corporal, por internalizarem e desejarem veementemente um tipo corporal mais delgado. O aumento do nível habitual de atividade física (NAF) e diminuição do comportamento sedentário (CS) podem elevar o gasto de energia, com isso diminuir o excesso de peso e aumentar a consciência corporal. No entanto, há escassez de informações sobre a relação do NAF com a imagem corporal. Avaliar a associação da imagem corporal com nível de atividade física habitual (NAF), composição corporal e o comportamento sedentário (CS) de adolescentes do sexo feminino. Estudo transversal e exploratório com 125 adolescentes do sexo feminino, de 14 a 19 anos, de Viçosa, MG. A imagem corporal foi avaliada pela Escala de Silhuetas e pelo Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). O peso e a estatura foram aferidos para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal, sendo este categorizado conforme os pontos de corte da Organização Mundial da Saúde específicos para adolescentes. O perímetro da cintura (PC) foi aferido para a avaliação da relação cintura/estatura (RCE). O percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) foi obtido pela balança Tanita BC-543 (TMAB®, Londres, Reino Unido), sendo classificado de acordo com os pontos de corte propostos por Williams et al.(1992). O NAF foi avaliado pelo Recordatório de Atividade Física de 24h (R24h), e o comportamento sedentário por meio do tempo de tela (TT) de TV, vídeo game, computador e tablets, e separadamente, o tempo de tela e tempo do celular (TC). O CS foi considerado elevado sendo o TT ou o TC maior ou igual a 2h. Tanto a avaliação do NAF e do CS foram avaliadas em um dia da semana que representasse a rotina da adolescente. A média de idade foi de 16,5 ±1,5 anos, sendo a maioria eutrófica (77,59%), sedentária/baixo NAF (84,17%), com TT (85,24%) e TC (58,68%) elevados. A insatisfação corporal manifestou-se em 40,59% pelo BSQ e em 45,83% pela Escala se Silhuetas. A distorção corporal manifestou-se em 52,89% das participantes. As medidas de composição corporal, juntamente com o tempo de celular e o NAF mostraram associação com a insatisfação corporal; sendo as adolescentes mais ativas as mais insatisfeitas. A associação foi observada entre a insatisfação corporal com todas as medidas de composição corporal, comportamento sedentário e NAF das adolescentes. Com este estudo foi possível enfatizar a importância de se avaliar diferentes aspectos da imagem corporal em relação a variáveis que representam o estilo de vida dos adolescentes. Apoio: FAPEMIG e CNPq.
Proposta de intervenção sobre a importância da ingestão hídrica pelos idosos
Authors: De Souza Daniele Maria
Published: December 2020

Idoso é aquela pessoa com idade igual ou maior que sessenta anos. O envelhecimento pode variar de indivíduo para indivíduo, sendo gradativo para uns e mais rápido para outros. Essas variações são dependentes de fatores como estilo de vida, condições socioeconômicas e doenças crônicas, e podem ou não começar a surgir algumas alterações fisiológicas e psicológicas, o que varia de acordo com cada indivíduo. Uma dessas alterações é a baixa adesão ao consumo de água, com o envelhecimento a produção de saliva é diminuída, assim os idosos começam a perder um pouco da palatabilidade. Assim, este trabalho é uma proposta de intervenção cujo objetivo é ressaltar a importância da ingestão hídrica pelos idosos em sua saúde e qualidade de vida. Desta forma foi elaborado um plano de intervenção para avaliar as causas do baixo consumo de água pelos idosos e, estimular a melhora da ingestão de água pelos mesmos e avaliar se ocorre o aumento de consumo de água pelos idosos, quando a mesma tem sabor. Após a revisão de literatura sobre as possíveis causas da diminuição hídrica nos idosos e consequências clínicas, foi elaborado o plano de intervenção para possibilitar uma ação positiva em relação a melhora da ingestão de água. O plano de intervenção é um primeiro passo que deverá ser aprimorado ao longo do tempo. Desta forma a equipe de enfermagem da Instituição de Longa Permanência poderá estabelecer novas rotinas de trabalho, visando a melhora na qualidade e preservação da saúde do idoso, bem como do trabalho da equipe.
Diversifikasi Aset, Risiko Bank, Ukuran Bank, dan Likuiditas Bank terhadap Efisiensi Bank Syariah dengan Metode SFA
Authors: Anggraeni Anggraeni , Saputri Iik Arie
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Asset Diversification, Bank Risk, Bank Size and Bank Liquidity on the Efficiency of Sharia Banks Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). This research methodology uses eleven Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia that have been registered with the OJK for the 2014-2018 period. The results of the data obtained in the quarterly financial statements per December were analyzed using efficiency analysis using Frontier 4.1 and descriptive and statistical analysis through the SPSS 16.0 program.The results showed that ADIV-HHI, NPF, and FDR had a negative effect on efficiency. Whereas Total Assets has a positive effect on Efficiency. And ADIV-HHI, NPF, Total Assets, and FDR simultaneously have a significant effect.
Analisis Pemahaman Dan Sanksi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Melalui Preferensi Risiko Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Wulandari Retno
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari artikel yaitu untuk menguji pengaruhnya dan menganalisis variabel pemahaman maupun sanki pajak terhadap kepatuhan pajak dengan preferensi risiko sebagai variabel moderasi yang terdaftar pada KPP Malang Utara. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada WP dengan pendekatan purposive sampling yang telah lapor SPT. Teknik data yang digunakan dengan analisis regresi linier berganda serta analisis pemoderasi pendekatan uji nilai selisih mutlak. Hasil menyatakan pemahaman serta sanki memengaruhi kepatuhan WP. Preferensi risiko juga mampu memodarasi pemahaman serta sanksi.
AGE DYNAMICS OF WINGATE TEST PARAMETERS IN YOUNG ATHLETES
Authors: Mekhdieva K , Zakharova A , Vladelshchikova M , Timokhina V
Published: December 2020

Testing the speed-strength abilities in children and adolescents is a valuable tool of moni­toring the development of the most important physical qualities in sports. This test enables adjusting physical training to sensitive periods, identifying the degree of inherited sports talent, as well as a predisposition to the type of sport or sports discipline. Aim. The purpose of the work was to determine the average group results of Wingate test in children and adolescents and to identify the age-related dynamics of speed-strength abilities. Materials and methods. The study was conducted according to the standard Wingate protocol for a cycle ergometer. The obtained data on peak power (PP) and time to peak (tpp) of 370 athletes aged from 7 to 16 years were analyzed. Results. The results showed that no gender and age difference in PP was registered in children from 9 to 11 years (PP/kg – 8.42 ± 1.56 W/kg). The annual increase in PP/kg in boys was as follows: 11–12 years old – 7.53%, 12–13 years old – 17.7%, 13–14 years old – 10.34%. Relative PP in 14 year-old male athletes was 11.74 ± 2.15 W/kg, in 15 – 11.76 ± 1.56 W/kg and 16 year-olds – 12.2 ± 1.39 W/kg, with no significant difference. Relative PP in 14 and 15 year-old females (9.66 ± 2.12 W/kg and 9.88 ± 1.37 W/kg, respectively) was significantly lower than in males. Along with this no significant difference of PP/kg between 16 year-old males and females was established. Conclusion. The article proposes the criteria for evaluating speed-strength in athletes from 9 to 16 years based on the results of Wingate testing.
Komponen epidemi penyakit busuk akar dan pangkal batang tebu di Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Maryono Tri , Widiastuti Ani , Murti Rudi Hari , Priyatmojo Achmadi
Published: December 2020

Epidemic Components of Sugarcane Root and Basal Stem Rot In South Sumatra

Root and basal stem rot disease is one of new disease that currently was became a emerging problem on sugarcane plantations in Lampung and South Sumatra. The research was aimed to study the model of disease progression, AUDPC, infection rate (r), and the influence of weather and soil condition (physical and chemical properties of soil) on the development of sugarcane root and basal stem rot disease. The research was conducted on sugar cane plantation in South Sumatra. The disease incidence in three varieties was observed weekly in the field which had infected plant in previous year.. The data were analyzed to develop model of the disease progression, AUDPC, and the rate of root and basal stem rot disease. Weekly weather data was acquired from weather station of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin Airport, Palembang. Soil sample was taken from three disease category i.e moderate (disease incidence 25,1% - 50%), severe (disease incidence 50,1% - 75%), and healthy (no disease). The results showed that the disease develops following monomolecular and logistic models. The AUPDC and infection rate (r) in the monomolecular model were lower than in the logistic model. The direct effect coefficient of rainfall and relative humidity (RH) on the disease were positive (1.27 and 0.46 respectively), contrary the temperature and duration of irradiation which had a negative coefficient (-0.33 and -0.45 respectively). Meanwhile, K availability and permeability give a positive effect on the disease, while the total N and Fe availability give a negative effect on the disease.
An Autism-Associated Mutation Impairs Neuroligin-4 Glycosylation and Enhances Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in Human Neurons
Authors: Cast Thomas P. , Boesch Daniel J. , Smyth Kim , Shaw Alisa E. , Ghebrial Michael , Chanda Soham
Published: December 2020

Neuroligins (NLGNs) are a class of postsynaptic cell adhesion molecules that interact with presynaptic neurexins (NRXNs) and regulate synapse function. NLGN4 is a member of the NLGN family and consists of a unique amino acid sequence in humans that is not evolutionarily well conserved in rodents. The human-specific NLGN4 gene has been reported to be mutated in many patients with autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, it remained unclear how these mutations might alter the molecular properties of NLGN4 and affect synaptic transmission in human neurons. Here, we describe a severely autistic male patient carrying a single amino acid substitution (R101Q) in the NLGN4 gene. When expressed in HEK293 cells, the R101Q mutation in NLGN4 did not affect its binding affinity for NRXNs or its capacity to form homodimers. This mutation, however, impaired the maturation of NLGN4 protein by inhibiting N-linked glycosylation at an adjacent residue (N102), which is conserved in all NLGNs. As a result, the R101Q substitution significantly decreased the surface trafficking of NLGN4 and increased its retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In human neurons derived from male stem cell lines, the R101Q mutation also similarly reduced the synaptic localization of NLGN4, resulting in a loss-of-function phenotype. This mutation-induced trafficking defect substantially diminished the ability of NLGN4 to form excitatory synapses and modulate their functional properties. Viewed together, our findings suggest that the R101Q mutation is pathogenic for NLGN4 and can lead to synaptic dysfunction in autism.
The roles of vitamin D and cathelicidin in type 1 diabetes susceptibility
Authors: Cristelo Cecília , Machado Alexandra , Sarmento Bruno , Gama Francisco Miguel
Published: December 2020

Type 1 diabetes has an increasingly greater incidence and prevalence with no cure available. Vitamin D supplementation is well documented to reduce the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Being involved in the modulation of cathelicidin expression, the question whether cathelicidin may be one of the underlying cause arises. Cathelicidin has been implicated in both the development and the protection against type 1 diabetes by mediating the interplay between the gut microbiome, the immune system and β cell function. While its potential on type 1 diabetes treatment seems high, the understanding of its effects is still limited. This review aims to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the potential of vitamin D and cathelicidin as adjuvants in type 1 diabetes therapy.
Subtotal Resection for the Symptom Relief of a Fatal and Aggressive Primary Cardiac Liposarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kong Demiao , Fan Chengming
Published: December 2020

Primary cardiac liposarcoma is a rare malignant soft tissue lesion, but there are still no diagnosis and treatment guidelines for this disease. This is the case report of a 59-year-old male with cardiac liposarcoma infiltrating the mitral valve and the left atrium. He achieved satisfactory symptom relief with subtotal resection.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Refractory Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Li Weimin , Yang Dongyan
Published: December 2020

Background: Many clinicians do not know under what exact conditions extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can get the best results. In this study, we explored the optimal indications for ECMO in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock.
Methods: From October 2014 to November 2019, 23 patients with refractory cardiogenic shock were treated with ECMO in our hospital, including 11 cases with acute left anterior myocardial infarction, 3 with acute left inferior and right ventricular myocardial infarction, and 9 with fulminant myocarditis. These cases were divided into survivors (n = 10) and nonsurvivors (n = 13), and the clinical data of the 2 groups were compared.
Results: The weaning rate of ECMO was 60.9%. The discharge survival rate was 43.5%. There were significant differences in age, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, vasoactive-inotropic (VIS) score, lactic acid concentrations, primary disease, and smoking history between survivors and nonsurvivors before ECMO (P < .05). There were significant differences in blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), oxygen partial pressure, and left ventricular ejection fraction between survivors and nonsurvivors 1 day before the removal of ECMO (P < .05).
Conclusions: The reversibility of the primary disease causing refractory cardiogenic shock is critical to the survival rate of ECMO. Etiological treatment is essential, and extra attention should be paid to the use of ECMO in patients with irreversible primary disease. ECMO should be regarded as a first aid device and is not suitable for long-term cardiac assistance; left ventricular assist or heart transplantation is a better option.
Evaluating Definitions for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Doherty Kathleen M. , Scott Theresa A. , Morad Anna , Crook Travis , McNeer Elizabeth , Lovell Kim S. , Gay James C. , Patrick Stephen W.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

National estimates indicate that the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a postnatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, increased more than fivefold between 2004 and 2016. There is no gold standard definition for capturing NAS across clinical, research, and public health settings. Our objective was to evaluate how different definitions of NAS modify the calculated incidence when applied to a known population of opioid-exposed infants.

METHODS:

Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from opioid-exposed infants born at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2018. Six commonly used clinical and surveillance definitions of opioid exposure and NAS were applied to the study population and evaluated for accuracy in assessing clinical withdrawal.

RESULTS:

A total of 121 opioid-exposed infants met the criteria for inclusion in our study. The proportion of infants who met criteria for NAS varied by predefined definition, ranging from 17.4% for infants who received morphine to 52.8% for infants with the diagnostic code for opioid exposure. Twenty-eight infants (23.1%) received a clinical diagnosis of NAS by a medical provider, and 38 (34.1%) received the diagnostic code for NAS at discharge.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found significant variability in the incidence of opioid exposure and NAS among a single-center population using 6 common definitions. Our findings suggest a need to develop a gold standard definition to be used across clinical, research, and public health surveillance settings.
Intencionalidad
Authors: Crespo Mariano , Sánchez-Millagón Sergio
Published: December 2020

La intencionalidad es el rasgo fundamental de la conciencia humana. Supuesta en la Antigüedad, se tematiza ampliamente en la Escolástica medieval, pero especialmente en el siglo XX —de la mano de la fenomenología— vuelve a explorarse profundizándose y ampliándose, además, en la dirección de sus dimensiones afectiva, práctica e intersubjetiva.
Detecting Antibiotic Residues Among Sheep Milk using YCT, DDA, and Acidification Method in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: ALMASHHADANY Dhary Alewy
Published: December 2020

Presence of antibiotic residues in milk is increasingly recognized as a global health issue owing to associated health risks and emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic residues in sheep raw milk sold in Erbil governorate. The screening tests performed were; yoghurt culture, acidification, and disc diffusion tests. Randomly selected farms and sale points within the city were sampled. Out of 450 collected samples, 15.8% and 14.4% of them contained antibiotic residues according to yoghurt culture and disc diffusion tests, respectively. However, acidification test showed insignificant (P = 0.384) slightly higher prevalence (17.3%). Minor association was found between increase of residue prevalence and progress of summer-autumn months. Raising awareness among farmers and sale workers regarding withdrawal periods and risks of antibiotic residues are highly recommended to mitigate the health issues associated with consumption of contaminated milk.
Screening of Antimicrobial Residues among Table Eggs Using Disc Diffusion Assay at Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: ALMASHHADANY Dhary Alewy
Published: December 2020

The existence of antimicrobial residues in food of animal origin is a safety concern worldwide. This study investigated the occurrence of such residues in table eggs collected from Erbil city (Iraq) markets according to shell color, location, and season. Results showed that the total proportion was 15.2%. The differences were not significant for the shell color (White color 13.7%; Brown color 16.8%), location (Urban 16.4%; Rural 13.8%), and months (July 12.1%, August 13.5%, September 18.8%, October 15.7%, December 16.9%, and November 14.1%). Such level of residue contamination requires a response from in-charge Iraqi health authorities to regulate antibiotics usage and ensure food safety.
A Estratégia da Transferência na Psicanálise como Contradispositivo
Authors: Maesso Márcia Cristina
Published: December 2020

Resumo A noção de dispositivo, desenvolvida na filosofia política, abrange formas estratégicas complexas que atuam no exercício do poder intervindo no processo de subjetivação. O objetivo deste estudo teórico é contribuir para a clínica dos sofrimentos psíquicos, através dos fundamentos conceituais, éticos e políticos da psicanálise, reguladores da direção do tratamento. Na discussão, consideramos o manejo da transferência como estratégia que opera no sentido oposto ao do dispositivo, como contradispositivo, chegando à conclusão de que a transferência tem relação com o poder, mas sua condução estratégica, mantendo no horizonte a falta fundamental, possibilita o surgimento de algo novo na repetição, a entrada do acaso, do real, como efeito do ato analítico no discurso.
Colonização, Guerra e Saúde Mental: Fanon, Martín-Baró e as Implicações para a Psicologia Brasileira
Authors: Costa Pedro Henrique Antunes da , Mendes Kíssila Teixeira
Published: December 2020

Resumo O presente estudo teórico objetiva discorrer sobre as compreensões de Frantz Fanon e Ignacio Martín-Baró acerca da relação entre guerra, colonização e saúde mental e como podem contribuir ao entendimento de nossa realidade. Ademais, pretendemos refletir como tais subsídios se aplicam à Psicologia brasileira e seu projeto ético-político. Constatamos uma confluência nas análises dos autores, sobretudo a influência de Fanon para Martín-Baró, orientando-se para uma compreensão da saúde mental remetida ao nosso fazimento colonizado e como este se manifesta, é conformado e intensificado por guerras, mesmo que não formais. Finalmente, traçamos implicações para um projeto de Psicologia que aborde a saúde mental na perspectiva dos autores e, assim, transforme-se, contribuindo para o entendimento e mudança de nossa realidade.
Os Casos-Limite e os Limites da Técnica Psicanalítica: Subversão e Cura nos Fundamentos da Psicanálise
Authors: Lazzarini Eliana Rigotto , Carvalho Maura Cristina de
Published: December 2020

Resumo Neste estudo procuramos fazer uma caracterização dos casos-limite como quadro sintomático eliciado pelas contingências socioculturais em crescimento desde a modernidade - implicações que hoje denominamos contemporâneas. A partir disso, procuramos fundamentar a pertinência de uma constante subversão, superação ou transgressão das recomendações técnicas clássicas em psicanálise no sentido do que Ferenczi chamou de elasticidade técnica, a fim de contemplar a noção de cura implicada na especificidade do saber psicanalítico, noção derivada do cura sui e, portanto, de filiação sério-cômico e dialógica. Implicamos pensar a subversão como um modo de funcionamento típico da técnica psicanalítica identificado em seus fundamentos. Conclui-se que a relação peculiar da psicanálise com os limites confere a ela um espaço constantemente afeito à criatividade técnica.
Detection of Helicobacter pylori in oral yeasts from students of a Chilean university
Authors: Sánchez-Alonzo Kimberly , Parra-Sepúlveda Cristian , Vergara Lorena , Bernasconi Humberto , García-Cancino Apolinaria
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Nearly 73% of the Chilean population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a factor predisposing for gastric cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of this pathogen within yeasts, suggesting that this fact can directly influence the failure of a treatment, transmission, and reinfection. AIM: To detect the presence of H. pylori inside oral yeasts isolated from students of the University of Concepción (Chile). METHODS: 72 samples, obtained from the oral cavity using cotton swabs were incubated in YPD broth for 48h at 37°C and posteriorly seeded in Sabouraud Dextrose agar plus chloramphenicol at the same temperature and for the same time. Yeasts isolated were observed microscopically (wet mounting and Gram-stained) and identified using microbiological techniques. Intracellular H. pylori detection was performed by the amplification of 16S rDNA by PCR. RESULTS: Oral yeasts were detected in 24 samples (33.3%), being C. albicans (79.2%) the most frequent species, followed by C. dubliniensis (12.4%), C. krusei (4.2%), and C. tropicalis (4.2%). When analyzed by PCR, 15 of the 24 oral yeasts 62.5 % were positive for H. pylori 16S rDNA. From the 15 individuals positive for yeast harboring H. pylori, 81% of them reported stomach discomfort, and the presence of the bacteria was diagnosed at some moment in 20% of them. CONCLUSION: The intracellular presence of the H. pylori in oral yeasts suggests an endosymbiotic relationship of these microorganisms, which could favor H. pylori transmission and reinfection in the gastrointestinal tract.
Triathlon-related musculoskeletal injuries: a study on a Portuguese Triathlon Championship
Authors: Minghelli Beatriz , Jesus Catarina , Martins Ilvanda , Jesus Joana
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: A triathlon consists of 3 modalities: swimming, cycling and running. Its higher training frequency, the environmental factors and extrinsic factors (technique and equipment) may lead to injuries. This study aimed to determine injury epidemiology in triathletes, as well as their type, location, mechanism of injury, and risk factors. METHODS: The sample was constituted of 174 triathletes who participated in the Triathlon Club Portuguese Championship, being 131 (75.3%) male, aged 18 to 70 years old (36.09±11.03). The measurement instrument was a questionnaire concerning the characterization of the population and aspects related to the modality and injuries. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty (69%) athletes reported one injury since the beginning of their practice, and 95 (54.6%) had an injury in the previous year, with a total of 130 injuries. There were 2.39 injuries per 1,000 hours of triathlon training. The most common injuries were muscle contusion (31.5%) and inflammatory injuries (19.2%), located in the knee (22.3%) and the leg (18.5%). Overtraining (43.1%) was the mechanism that led to the highest occurrence of injuries. Fourteen (10.8%) injuries occurred during swimming, 23 (17.7%) during cycling, and 93 (71.5%) during running. No statistical significance was observed between the risk factors analyzed and the occurrence of injuries. CONCLUSIONS: Triathlon practice is associated with a high prevalence of injuries, being contusions, knee, and overtraining the most common type, location, and mechanism of injury respectively. It is necessary to create injury prevention strategies, including specific training and suitable materials for use by athletes.
Knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 among emergency medical service workers
Authors: Vatan Asli , Güçlü Ertuğrul , Öğütlü Aziz , Kibar Fulya Aktan , Karabay Oğuz
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Good knowledge of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers is essential for keeping health systems active and controlling the outbreak. We aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) employees who fight COVID-19 at the forefront. METHODS: A total of 400 EMS workers (doctors, nurses, emergency medical technicians, paramedics, and ambulance drivers) were included in this study. Knowledge, attitude, and preventive behaviors for COVID-19 were evaluated using an online questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 275 EMS workers participated in the study with a response rate of 68.8%. The respondents reported that their highest common sources of knowledge about COVID-19 were social media and television (n=240, 88%). Overall, > 96% of the participants had adequate knowledge about the transmission routes of COVID-19. Among the respondents, 36% of them were unaware of the correct hand washing or scrubbing technique. In addition, 78% of the participants had poor knowledge about floor and surface disinfection. The majority of the participants exhibited inaccurate attitudes toward the use of personal preventive equipment. More than half of EMS workers (52%) agreed that a surgical mask is not enough during the procedures that do not generate aerosol. Moreover, a significant proportion of the participants (66%) perceived that a N95 mask is required. CONCLUSIONS: As a consequence, although emergency workers have sufficient basic knowledge about COVID-19, there is a need for postgraduate training in many subjects.
Correlation between hepatopulmonary syndrome and oxygen saturation pulse oximetry in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Rose Sara Cardoso Paes , Cunha Débora Vilela , Medeiros Sandra de Barros Cobra , Trevizoli José Eduardo , Carneiro Marcos de Vasconcelos , Freitas Wladimir Magalhães de , Mendes Liliana Sampaio Costa
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a complication of cirrhosis that worsens the disease's prognosis, pre and post liver transplant. The objective of this study is to analyze the prevalence of HPS in cirrhotic patients at our service and to correlate it with oxygen saturation (SatO2) using a pulse oximeter to evaluate if this is useful as a screening test for HPS. A prospective study was conducted in patients with hepatic cirrhosis conventionally selected from 2014 to 2016. All the patients underwent an echocardiogram with microbubbles and oxygen saturation measurement by pulse oximetry. Those with intrapulmonary shunt were submitted to arterial blood gas analysis. The relationship between oxygen saturation and HPS was assessed by the multivariate model of binary logistic regression. We analyzed 77 patients, and 23.3% (18 patients) had all criteria for HPS. The relationship between HPS and SatO2 did not show statistical significance, even after the variables were adjusted for sex, age, and smoking. Oxygen saturation alone was not able to detect HPS in the sample of cirrhotic patients. More accurate methods for screening and diagnosis of the syndrome should be used.