bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ricochet Characteristics of AUVs during Small‐Angle Water Entry Process
Authors: Yan Guo-Xin , Pan Guang , Shi Yao
Published: December 2019

When the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) enters the water at a small angle, the head of the AUV will be subjected to a torque that causes it to rise, which may cause the AUV to ricochet. The occurrence of ricochet will have an important impact on the trajectory stability of the AUV. In this paper, the finite element method‐smoothed particle hydrodynamics (FEM‐SPH) coupling algorithm, which absorbs the high efficiency of FEM and the advantages of SPH in dealing with large deformation and meshes distortion, is used to study the small‐angle water entry problem of the AUV numerically. In the coupled FEM‐SPH algorithm, discrete particles were used to model the zone of water, while the part of the AUV was modeled with finite elements. A contact algorithm couples the finite elements and the particles. Particular attention was paid to the influence of different head hemisphere angles and different initial conditions on the ricochet trajectory of the AUV. The critical conditions and influencing factors of the AUV ricochet phenomenon were given.
Pricing Strategy and Carbon Emission Abatement under Cap-and-Trade Regulation Considering Social Learning
Authors: Chen Bin , Yu Man
Published: December 2019

In an uncertainty market, social learning plays a significant role in obtaining information to make better decisions. Under cap-and-trade regulation, this paper aims to investigate firms’ pricing and carbon emission abatement issues considering the impact of social learning. This paper establishes a two-period model in a market consisting of a manufacturer and heterogeneous consumers. The manufacturer produces two alternatives (ordinary product and low-carbon product) and makes decisions on sales prices and carbon emission abatement levels. Consumers make decisions on whether and which product to buy. Consumers are not sure about their valuations of products and have the opportunity to discover their true valuation by social learning. The results show that the emission abatement level on ordinary product is affected by the pricing strategy for both types of products. However, the emission abatement level on low-carbon product is only affected by its own pricing strategy. It also shows that social learning lowers the emission abatement level on ordinary product, whereas it improves the emission abatement level on low-carbon product when charging a high price for low-carbon product. Moreover, the price of ordinary product in period 1 is no less than that in period 2. In contrast, the price of low-carbon product in period 2 is higher than that in period 1.
QoS Strategies for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks in the Context of IoT at the MAC Layer, Application Layer, and Cross-Layer Algorithms
Authors: Bernard Muwonge Ssajjabbi , Pei Tingrui , Nasser Kimbugwe
Published: December 2019

Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) have got capacity to collect both scalar sensor data and multidimensional sensor data. It is the basis for the Internet of things (IoT). Quality of service (QoS) pointers like energy efficiency, reliability, bit error rate, and latency can be helpful in data collection estimation over a network. In this paper, we review a number of QoS strategies for WMSNs and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the IoT context from the perspective of the MAC and application layers as well as the cross-layer paradigm. Considering the MAC layer, since it is responsible for regulating the admittance to the shared medium and transmission reliability and efficiency through error correction in wireless transmissions, and for performance of framing, addressing, and flow control, the MAC protocol design greatly affects energy efficiency. We thus review a number of protocols here including contention-free and contention-based protocols as well as the hybrid of these. This paper also surveys a number of state-of-the-art machine-to-machine, publish/subscribe, and request/response protocols at the application layer. Cross-layer QoS strategies are very vital when it comes to system optimization. Many cross-layer strategies have been reviewed. For these QoS strategies, the challenges and opportunities are reviewed at each of the layers considered. Lastly, the future research directions for QoS strategies are discussed for research and application before concluding this paper.
Semissimbolismo como estratégia didática na Semiótica Visual
Authors: Correa Thiago Moreira
Published: December 2019

Ao longo das pesquisas semióticas, os modelos teóricos ligados ao plano da expressão não obtiveram o mesmo desenvolvimento que o plano do conteúdo. Enquanto o percurso gerativo do sentido possui flexibilidade ao integrar fatores concretos (nível discursivo) e abstratos (nível fundamental) em um mesmo modelo, o plano da expressão ainda carece da mesma versatilidade. A partir dessa configuração metodológica, verificamos na semiótica plástica proveniente das investigações de Jean-Marie Floch e na semiótica tensiva desenvolvida por Claude Zilberberg os problemas enfrentados para a constituição de um modelo mais conforme ao plano do conteúdo. A partir de Tatit (2014), procuramos mostrar a disjunção dessas duas abordagens sobre o semissimbolismo em função das premissas hjelmslevianas de empirismo (exaustividade, não-contradição e simplicidade), de arbitrariedade e de adequação. Logo, a abordagem flochiana, ligada ao objeto, seria menos arbitrária e mais adequada, ao passo que a semiótica tensiva, ligada à estrutura, seria mais arbitrária e menos adequada. Portanto, busca-se na exposição dessas diferenças uma estratégia didática que desenvolva as habilidades de abstração do aluno a fim de proporcionar-lhe as bases para o desenvolvimento de competências ligadas à análise textual e à avaliação do próprio modelo semissimbólico na semiótica.
A construção de sentido em enunciados de atividades em livros didáticos
Authors: Terra Ernani
Published: December 2019

O artigo tem por tema a construção de sentido em enunciados de atividades de livros didáticos. O objetivo é mostrar as estratégias discursivas de que se vale o enunciador para manipular o enunciatário, visando levá-lo a aceitar o contrato proposto. A análise do corpus mostrou que as atividades não se restringem a verificar se o estudante aprendeu o conteúdo exposto, pois também dão voz aos enunciatários para que manifestem opiniões e vivências pessoais. O trabalho se justifica pelo fato de que, pelo menos na rede pública de ensino, o livro didático é o instrumento que norteia professores em sua atividade pedagógica e as atividades nele inseridas são um dos instrumentos pelos quais os docentes avaliam o aprendizado. O corpus é constituído por enunciados de atividades de livros didáticos de disciplinas do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio, publicados por editoras sediadas em São Paulo, destinados ao mercado privado e à rede pública. A fundamentação teórica são os estudos da enunciação e da Semiótica de linha francesa. Os resultados mostram que nos vários tipos de atividades há um efeito de sentido de proximidade, revertendo a assimetria aluno/professor característica dos livros didáticos mais antigos.
Ensino e aprendizagem de literatura no nível médio da região metropolitana de Fortaleza. Progressão cognitiva e interação discursiva
Authors: Leite Jr. José , Vieira Vinícius Da Silva
Published: December 2019

O presente trabalho tem como foco o ensino e a aprendizagem voltados para o texto literário. Seja considerado como forma discursiva própria, seja como item de consumo de um sistema literário, o texto literário requer da escola um comprometimento didático-pedagógico específico. A pesquisa se alinha com a Semiótica Discursiva proposta por Greimas, ou seja, a aula é aqui entendida como um gênero discursivo em que um destinador (professor) propõe ao destinatário (alunos) a aquisição do texto literário como objeto. Com esse entendimento, este trabalho expõe achados de uma pesquisa sobre os níveis cognitivos relativos ao ensino e à aprendizagem da Literatura, com abrangência na escola pública de nível médio da região metropolitana de Fortaleza (CE). Os dados foram colhidos por estagiários, que aplicaram questionários baseados na Taxionomia de Bloom para o domínio cognitivo. Foram aplicados 405 questionários, distribuídos entre 2014 e 2017, sendo uma ficha para cada aula observada. Os três primeiros níveis cognitivos (conhecimento, compreensão e aplicação) representam 89% das aulas observadas, restando 11% para os níveis mais elevados (análise, aplicação e avaliação). Os dados sugerem uma necessidade de elevação dos níveis cognitivos para patamares mais elevados, o que requer uma prática didático-pedagógica que centralize a experiência no texto literário, considerado como forma discursiva própria, mediante dinâmicas de grupo, respeitando-se os educandos como protagonistas de sua própria aprendizagem.
Semiótica discursiva na educação. Caminhos possíveis
Authors: Pereira Daniervelin Renata Marques
Published: December 2019

A partir da leitura de dois textos de Greimas – Pour une sémiotique didactique e em uma entrevista concedida a Fontanille em 1984 –, nos quais se tratam as relações entre a semiótica discursiva e a educação, questionamos os caminhos tomados no Brasil quanto à presença dessa perspectiva teórica em diferentes níveis de ensino. Tais caminhos são postos pelo fundador da teoria, sem o direcionamento rigoroso de uma “semiótica didática”. Questões sobre a relação da Semiótica com outras disciplinas, espaços educacionais apontados para o exercício da metodologia dessa teoria e conceitos mais produtivos para o ensino na educação básica são explorados em um estudo inicial de nove artigos, uma dissertação e um livro que promovem reflexões acerca do emprego da semiótica no ensino. Este estudo propõe, então, uma pesquisa bibliográfica de textos recentes, tendo a montante problemáticas postas em textos fundadores de uma “semiótica didática”. Observamos, nas análises, que a maioria dos textos acadêmicos apresenta a teoria semiótica como um suporte ao professor, sendo ela essencial na formação inicial e continuada dos docentes e no planejamento de suas aulas, de modo que, portanto, não é necessário aos alunos conhecer a teoria. Outros textos defendem uma transposição didática pelo uso de rudimentos da teoria para tornar os alunos da educação básica conscientes dos mecanismos de leitura e construção do texto e do discurso. Uma proposição prática a partir dos estudos feitos pode surgir de uma maior discussão e elaboração conjunta de materiais que, na educação básica, visem a ensinar pela semiótica e não a semiótica, tendo em vista ainda a necessária formação de professores que conheçam bem suas bases.
Algumas reflexões sobre o papel dos estudos linguísticos e discursivos no ensino-aprendizagem na escola
Authors: Barros Diana Luz Pessoa de
Published: December 2019

Tratamos, neste artigo, do papel dos estudos linguísticos e discursivos, e, em particular, da semiótica discursiva, no ensino-aprendizagem na escola. Mostramos, de forma muito resumida, alguns dos conhecimentos que esses estudos já produziram, e continuam a fazê-lo, sobre a intolerância na e da linguagem, sobre a construção de discursos de aceitação e inclusão social, contrários aos preconceituosos e intolerantes, e, principalmente, sobre a verdade e a mentira dos textos, sobretudo na internet, e, a partir daí, apontamos alguns rumos para o ensino-aprendizagem na escola em relação a essas questões. A razão disso é que, para que haja realmente aceitação social das diferenças, para que a mudança social e discursiva proposta tenha grande alcance, para que as crianças e os jovens aprendam a ler textos da internet e a desmascarar a mentira que fundamenta muitos deles, é necessário que esses saberes levem realmente a repensar o ensino-aprendizagem, pois, sem a escola, as mudanças discursivas e sociais esperadas não acontecem ou não têm a penetração desejada.
Crise de veridicção e interpretação. Contribuições da Semiótica
Authors: Gomes Regina Souza
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir e sugerir caminhos de observação das formas de construção da veridicção nos textos, buscando mostrar como a descrição desses mecanismos pode ser aplicada em atividades de leitura em sala de aula. A base teórico-metodológica será a semiótica francesa, especificamente o nível discursivo da geração de sentido. Os textos sugeridos para análise e aplicação em atividades de interpretação são os das notícias, comentários e, principalmente, as fake news que circulam nas mídias eletrônicas. Sugere-se, para que o aluno alcance os possíveis sentidos construídos nos textos, a observação dos mecanismos linguístico-discursivos que lhes dão fundamento.
Internet e novas tecnologias como recursos didático-pedagógicos. Entre o uso e a perplexidade
Authors: Vasconcelos Maria Lucia Marcondes Carvalho
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo pretende discutir alguns aspectos da formação docente para, na sequência, voltar-se às práticas pedagógicas levadas a efeito nas salas de aula da Educação Básica, enfatizando a utilização de recursos tecnológicos como um caminho desafiador para o professor e mais atraente para o aluno. Dados do Plano Nacional de Educação e do PISA, entre outros, comprovam que a educação brasileira apresenta baixos resultados em avaliações nacionais e/ou internacionais, o que desemboca na questão da qualidade da escola brasileira, conceito este bastante fluido e largamente discutido e que é também aqui explorado. Muitos são os caminhos possíveis a serem apontados como alternativas de encaminhamento para a busca de soluções dos inúmeros problemas existentes, mas o foco principal reverberará, sempre, na sala de aula e na relação professor-aluno, nuclear em todo esse processo. Toda aula deve ser pensada a partir do conhecimento de um aluno real, com suas particularidades geográficas, sociais e culturais e seus interesses específicos. Esse aluno real fala hoje a linguagem da tecnologia, e é dessa linguagem que o docente deve se aproximar, tirando dela o melhor proveito para atrair a atenção, despertar o interesse e estabelecer o diálogo como canal de aprendizagem.
De triagens a misturas. Por uma compreensão semiótica do processo de transposição didática
Authors: Lima Eliane Soares de
Published: December 2019

A intenção deste estudo é a de discutir os princípios orientadores (internos e externos) envolvidos no processo de transposição didática pelo qual passa um conhecimento acadêmico-científico quando aceito como saber a ensinar no contexto escolar. Para tanto, a proposta teórica de Yves Chevallard (1985, 1991) será interpretada a partir das noções de prática e estratégia semióticas, conforme desenvolvidas por Jacques Fontanille (2006, 2008), e da sintaxe da mestiçagem proposta por Zilberberg (2004). Interessa mostrar que a didatização de conteúdos – dentro do sistema de ensino como um todo – não é apenas uma questão de simplificação, mas de transposição de uma esfera a outra, de recontextualização a partir das peculiaridades de uma nova prática semiótica.
Xerostomia in the older adult population, from diagnosis to treatment
Authors: Campos Wladimir Gushiken de , Esteves Camilla Vieira , Costa Kaisermann , Andrade Ana Carolina Porrio de , Domaneschi Carina , Lemos Celso Augusto
Published: December 2019

Saliva is important for the preservation and maintenance of normal physiological conditions of oral tissues, and factors influencing its decrease are associated with the risk for oral diseases. Xerostomia is the subjective sensation of oral dryness, which can be influenced by etiological factors including the use of several types of medications, Sjogren’s and metabolic syndromes, head and neck irradiation, among others. Treatment methods for xerostomia vary and can be local or systemic. The aim of this article is to present the results of a literature review addressing the correlation between xerostomia and its incidence and prevalence in the older adult population. Results of this review highlight the importance of diagnosis and appropriate management, and briefly describe treatment modalities and etiological factors such as medications, Sjogren’s syndrome, metabolic syndrome, and head and neck irradiation.
Avaliação da adesão de Candida albicans na superfície de resinas acrílicas termopolimerizáveis tratadas com glaze fotopolimerizável e/ou adição de nanopartículas de sílica
Authors: Lopes Helidior Teixeira , Alves Liliane , Gazzoni Alexandra Flávia
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão de Candida albicans na superfície do poli(metilmetacrilato de metila) após adição de nanopartículas de sílica 0,5% e/ou selamento com glaze. Materiais e métodos: Foram confeccionados 40 corpos de provas com dimensões de 65 mm × 10 mm × 2,5 mm, subdivididos em 4 grupos: grupo controle (G1); grupo sílica (0,5% de sílica ) (G2), grupo glaze (G3), grupo sílica (0,5% peso de sílica) + glaze (G4). Os corpos de prova foram imersos separadamente em tubos Falcon que continham uma solução previamente padronizada contendo 107 células/ml e incubados a 37 °C em aerobiose por 90 minutos. Após este período, os corpos foram removidos e, posteriormente, analisou-se a adesão fúngica por meio da contagem de Unidades Formadoras de Colônia. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o teste de ANOVA One-way seguido de comparações múltiplas pelo teste de Tukey (P ≤ 0,05). Resultados: O grupo G1 apresentou diferença estatística significativa para aderência fúngica em comparação aos grupos G2, G3 e G4 (P ≤ 0,0001). Quando comparados os grupos G2, G3 e G4 entre si, não se observou diferença entre eles. Conclusões: A adição de sílica e/ou glaze sobre a superfície do poli(metilmetacrilato de metila) diminui a adesão da Candida albicans, servindo de estratégia para redução dos índices de lesões bucais ocasionadas pelo uso de próteses odontológicas acrílicas.
Norms and Practice of Public Sphere Deliberations in the Philippines: A Case Study of Naga City’s Public Market Reform
Authors: Ledesma-Gumasing Rhea
Published: December 2019

This paper analyzes how the local public market enterprise in the Philippines was reformed through public deliberations and benchmarked with Habermas’ model of deliberative democracy. The findings reveal that the normative model and the public market reform experience of Naga City fit well – although the model should be complemented by empirical observations such as leadership and facilitators to support the periphery and iterative procedures for a functioning deliberative democracy. In addition, the study shows that considerations of the public sphere deliberations and procedural minima led to sustainable results and civic renewal, consistent with the long-term governance approach of Naga City. Case study research design and discourse analyses were adopted. Review of transcripts, face-to-face interviews with key stakeholders, and use of secondary data were utilized in reconstructing the reform process.
Expression of a Rap2.12 like-1 ERF gene during adventitious rooting of chestnut and oak microshoots
Authors: Valladares Silvia , Varas Elena , Vielba Jesús M. , Vidal Nieves , Codesido Veronica , Castro Ricardo , Sanchez Conchi
Published: December 2019

Adventitious rooting of cuttings is a complex developmental process in forest species, with several exogenous and endogenous factors influencing the outcome of the process. In this study we applied an in vitro working system, comprising two lines of microshoots with the same genotype but at a different ontogenetic stages, in two different tree species (chestnut and oak). We analyzed the expression of a gene encoding an AP2/ERF transcription factor from group VII in the initial hours of the adventitious rooting induction, both in rooting competent and incompetent microshoots. The analysis revealed that expression of this gene is related to wounding, ontogenetic stage and auxin in a complex and species-specific manner. Putative induction of the gene by auxin was also analyzed in the presence of naphthyl-phthalamic acid (NPA), an auxin transport inhibitor. In situ expression analysis in chestnut relates the gene activity to cambial divisions and root primordia in rooting competent microshoots, as well as in the root apex. The putative role of the gene during adventitious roots formation is discussed.
Meme Frameworks
Authors: Kearney Richard
Published: December 2019

Memes are an increasingly prevalent means of communication in online spaces. Their influence is felt in the offline world as attitudes and dispositions traverse the postdigital membrane. The medium is emblematic of the democratic and participatory communities of the internet, yet there is evidence that they play a role in the well-documented political radicalisation that happens in online spaces. Semiotic concepts such as inter and intratextuality, and Peirce’s conception of habit provide a framework to understand how the language of memes is developed and transformed across a network.
Gesturing Across Settler Divides in Marumpu Wangka! Kukatja Hand Talk
Authors: Lempert William
Published: December 2019

In 2014, the government of Western Australia proposed a plan to defund, and in effect close, about half of the nearly three hundred remote Aboriginal communities in the state. During this time, the author collaborated on a hand sign video project with five women Elders at the Kapululangu Women’s Law and Culture Centre in Balgo, an Aboriginal community in the Great Sandy Desert. The author articulates why Marumpu Wangka! Kukatja Hand Talk—an unassuming and largely improvised video—struck a chord at this precarious moment for Aboriginal communities. The author argues that hand sign videos provide a rare mode of intercultural engagement that is simultaneously culturally specific and broadly relatable. In a mediascape in which most Australian viewers are inundated with visual tropes of Aboriginal communities as either suffering or mystical, representations of jovial gesture encourage understanding beyond these stereotypes by intimately engaging everyday community interaction. Referencing the supplemental eight-minute video throughout, the author (1) overviews the significance of hand sign systems in Aboriginal Australian communities, (2) describes the collaborative and improvised hand sign video production process, and (3) argues for the importance of visual representations that can transcend—even if modestly—settler/Indigenous divides during the current dangerous times for Aboriginal communities.
Difficulties in Making the Ethically Correct Choice in the Management of a Case of Proven Dangerousness of a Shelter Dog
Authors: Benedetti R. , Malfatti A. , Marchegiani A.
Published: December 2019

The management of shelter dogs whose dangerousness to people has been verified is an aspect of considerable importance as it assesses animal welfare, public health, and the management of human and economic resources. In this paper, we briefly discuss the case of a large sized male dog that had bitten people several times and was declared to be at high risk of causing danger. Despite a behavioral rehabilitation program, the initial evidence of dangerousness remained unchanged, thus, there was no possibility of putting the dog up for adoption. This clinical case is an example of how conflicting it is for a behaviorist to choose ethically when considering euthanasia and animal welfare.
Global Impacts upon Ngoma
Authors: Sanga Daines Nicodem
Published: December 2019

Ngoma is a Kiswahili term which means traditional dance. In this essay the terms ‘ngoma’ and ‘dance’ are used interchangeably. The research was conducted in Dar es Salaam and Iringa among four ngoma groups of young people: Lumumba, Hayahaya, Alamano and Tanangozi. Theatre stakeholders were involved to seek their perceptions of the global impact on ngoma. In-depth interviews, participant-performer research, and group discussions were the methods employed, focussing on the content, costumes, musical instruments and the make-up used, to explore how and why cultures from around the world influence the way this traditional dance form is performed by young people. It emerged that a range of factors drive innovation in this dance form, including the dancers’ quest for recognition, their individual creativity, the performers’ desire to discover and display unique identities. The findings suggest that in this age of globalisation, international influences upon aesthetic sense and expression are inevitable. But in the case of Tanzania’s ngoma, which has been preserved conscientiously for decades, protective responses to such influences should be maintained vigilantly, in order to shield this valued intangible heritage from fading away.
A conspectus of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Guatemala: novelties and conservation

Authors: VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA J. ANTONIO , TRIBOUILLIER-NAVAS ERICK , ARCHILA FREDY , VÉLIZ-PÉREZ MARIO ESTEBAN
Published: December 2019

Magnoliaceae of Guatemala are summarized, and two new Guatemalan species from Alta Verapaz are described and illustrated. Two Magnolia occurrence records are added to the flora of this country. Magnolia archilana is similar to M. hondurensis, but it differs from the latter in having glabrous terminal twigs, petioles, spathaceous bracts, peduncles and carpels, broadly obovate leaves, longer peduncles and larger sepals, outer petals and polyfollicles. Magnolia tribouillierana resembles M. montebelloensis but differs from the latter in lacking branches below five metres; in having glabrous twig internodes, spathaceous bracts and carpels, more numerous leaf veins per side, longer longest peduncular internode, abaxially yellowish sepals, fewer spathaceous bracts and more numerous carpels. A key to species and a distribution map of native Guatemalan magnolias is also provided. Data on diversity, endemism, ethnobotanical knowledge and conservation are also provided. Using the IUCN criteria, conservation status of M. archilana and M. tribouillierana are here assessed as endangered (En) and critically endangered (CR), respectively. Conservation actions are urgently needed for the six Guatemalan magnolias faced with extinction.
A new species of Cousinia (sect. Cousinia, Asteraceae) from the Ağrı Mountain (eastern Turkey): evidence from morphology, karyology and anatomy

Authors: TUGAY OSMAN , ULUKUŞ DENİZ , ERTUĞRUL KUDDİSİ , UYSAL TUNA , DEMİRELMA HAKKI , DURAL HÜSEYİN
Published: December 2019

Cousinia agridaghensis (sect. Cousinia) from Ağrı province, eastern Turkey, is described as new to science. The new species is morphologically closely related to C. urumiensis, C. fedorovii and C. armena but differs in capitula shape, synflorescence shape, stem height, shape of segments of basal and uppermost cauline leaves. In addition, the new species is compared with C. urumiensis, which is distributed in Turkey, in terms of chromosome number and anatomical features. The basic chromosome number is determined x = 12 in C. agridaghensis and x = 13 in C. urumiensis. The differences in leaf midrib shape and number of vascular bundles in C. agridaghensis and C. urumiensis are observed. The achene coat and pollen grain surface of C. agridaghensis and C. urumiensis are studied with SEM photographs. Furthermore, a detailed description, distribution map, conservation status and ecology of the new species are given.
Chlorophytum tillariense (Asparagaceae), a new species from Western Ghats of India

Authors: CHANDORE ARUN NIVRUTTI , YADAV SHRIRANG RAMCHANDRA
Published: December 2019

Chlorophytum tillariense, a new species of Chlorophytum from high altitudinal lateritic plateaus of Tillari area of Maharashtra, India, is described and illustrated. The new species is closely related to C. gothanense, which was recently described from the same region of Gothane village in Western Ghats. Coloured photographs and illustrations are provided to facilitate the identification.
Magnolia dixonii (M. subsect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae) rediscovered at Tesoro Escondido Reserve in the biogeographic Chocó of Ecuador

Authors: MORELOS-JUÁREZ CITLALLI , GILER-MEJÍA YASELA YADIRA , NEILL DAVID A. , MERINO-SANTI R. EFRÉN , VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA J. ANTONIO
Published: December 2019

Magnolia dixonii (Little 1969: 457) Govaerts in Frodin & Govaerts (1996: 70) has been rediscovered by botanists and conservationists in November, 2017, at the Tesoro Escondido Reserve, a private reserve conserving 2000 ha of primary rainforest in the highly threatened Ecuadorian Chocó, protecting critically endangered species such as the Ecuadorian brown-headed spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps fusciceps). Magnolia dixonii had not been seen in the half a century since its discovery at Hoja Blanca-Gualpi, Esmeraldas Province, northwestern Ecuador.
Etymology of Some Mathematical Terms
Authors: Eremeeva Guzel Rinatovna , Martynova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Valieva Gulnara Firdusovna , Igorevich Sukharev Vladimir
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the history of origin and etymology of some mathematical terms that have identical to the usual things names in natural languages. The research was conducted through analysis of literature, related scientific papers. The terms for study were
taken from the field of abstract algebra, some of the terms are technical and used in the whole math. The explanation of the etymology of the terms allows getting deeper into the related area of mathematics, to increase level of the subject understanding and mathematical intuition. The research
may be useful to students majoring in mathematics and linguistics.
The Chemical and Structural Peculiarities of the Kazan Khanate Cast-Iron Cookware in the 14th–15th Centuries
Authors: Shaykhutdinova Eugenia Flyurovna , Khramchenkova Rezida Khavilovna , Vladimirovich Belyev Alexander , Sitdikov Airat Gabitovich , Orazov Didar , Ilyasova Asiya Mirgasimovna , Yanbaev Ruslan Miskadesovich
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of the examination of the fragments of cast-iron cauldrons found in the territory of the Kazan Kremlin, which date back to the period of the Kazan Khanate in the 14th–15th centuries. The examination of the samples of cast-iron cookware was carried
out using the methods of scanning electron microscopy and optical emission spectroscopy. We analyzed the structure and the micro-trace composition of the samples of Kazan cast-iron and undertook its comparative study with the samples of Bolgar and Juketaw cast-iron cookware. We found out that
the fragments of cast-iron articles from the Kazan Kremlin are characterized by a wide variety of technologies and chemical composition, in the sample there are both pro-Bolgar samples and those that are chemically and structurally different from it. The correlation analysis of the trace elements
of Bolgar, Kazan and Juketaw cast-iron allowed to establish alleged markers of the iron-bearing ore in the territory of the Volga region, which together with other Golden Horde samples may help to understand the phenomenon of the extension of iron foundry tradition and its artefacts in the
region. The study also provided convincing evidence of the existence of a link between iron foundry traditions in the Middle Volga region during the two-century period.
Sensory Marketing Cues and Behavioural Intention: An Application of Stimulus Organism Response Model in the Hospitality Industry of Thailand
Authors: Saengchai Sakapas , Thaiprayoon Khajornsak , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak
Published: December 2019

The main focus of the current study is to investigate the impact of sensory marketing cues, namely visual cues sound cues, and smell cues on the behavioural intentions. The second focus of the study is to investigate the mediating role of customer satisfaction in the relationship between
sensory marketing cues and behavioural intentions. Lastly, the moderating role of trust in the relationship between customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions. This study is among the pioneering studies on this issue Employing the survey-based methodology; the SEM-PLS technique is used
to test the hypothesized relationships. So, the current study has used SEM-PLS as a statistical tool to answer the research questions raised in this study and research objectives envisaged in the current study. The findings of the study have provided support to the theoretical foundation and
the proposed hypothesis of the current study. The data is collected from the internal tourist in Thailand. According to the findings of the study, feelings have an effect on various marketing parameters like selection priority of store, store files, satisfaction from product, service and shopping,
need based shopping, pleasure-based shopping, time spent in store and decision-making style of the customer. Moreover, customers preferred to use the products based on their feelings, mental satisfaction and emotions related to the product.
Predictors of Entrepreneurial Intentions: Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy
Authors: Anesukanjanakul Jetsalid , Cholsuk Dumrong , Rattamanee Komkrit
Published: December 2019

Entrepreneurship is an important factor which lead towards the self-employment and while doing this can potentially reduce the unemployment. Which has become a giant problem globally. Considering the importance of the issue present study has attempted to analyze that how do the entrepreneurship
education and emotional intelligence lead towards the entrepreneurial intentions. Additionally, self-efficacy was considered as a potential mediator. Data were collected from the engineering students by using the convenience sampling. Statistical analysis was performed by using Smart-PLS.
The results of the study reported a positive relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of the students. Relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial education was also supported by the study results. The relationship between selfefficacy
and entrepreneurial intentions was proved to be strongest of all by the study results. Finally the study results have supported all the mediation relationships between the variables. Practical implications and future research areas are provided at the end.
Enhancing the Credit Card Fraud Detection Through Ensemble Techniques
Authors: Barahim Aisha , Alhajri Amal , Alasaibia Norah , Altamimi Nouf , Aslam Nida , Khan Irfan Ullah
Published: December 2019

Nowadays people prefer to use e-commerce because of easiness, timesaving, convenience, etc. By the increase in e-commerce use, credit card fraud increases. The fraudsters get the benefit of online payments and stealing the card details. Therefore, it is essential to improve the detection
methods to overcome with the fraudster’s activity and secure the card transactions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of several individual different classifiers and the combination of classifiers using ensemble methods for credit card fraud detection. The study
is organized as initially the three well-known classifiers i.e., Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes and SVM have been applied. Afterwards the ensemble learning module have been applied using the boosting technique with the previously mentioned classification algorithms. The dataset used is open
source credit card transaction dataset containing 3075 transactions. The performance of the classification techniques is evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, ROC value and F-measure. The result shows that Boosting with Decision Tree outperforms the other
techniques.
A retrospective cohort study of low-dose intensity-modulated radiotherapy for unresectable liver metastases
Authors: Pei Su , Chen Kaihua , Yang Yunli , Chen Long , Zhu Xiaodong
Published: December 2019

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for the treatment of unresectable liver metastases.

Methods

Twenty-five patients with unresectable liver metastases treated with IMRT were enrolled from January 2003 to September 2016. The median longest diameter of the lesions was 3.3 cm (range, 1.6–16.7 cm). The fraction dose ranged from 2 to 5.2 Gy, with a median total dose of 50 Gy (range, 30–60 Gy).

Results

The median follow-up was 9.2 months (range, 2.1–48.8 months). The overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 46.4% and 27.4%, respectively. The 1-year local control rate was 69.8%. The 1-year progression-free survival rate was 26.3%. One patient had grade 4 liver dysfunction. One case of grade 4 leukopenia and one case of grade 3 leukopenia occurred, and one case of grade 3 leukopenia and thrombocytopenia was observed.

Conclusion

IMRT may be a promising and safe treatment for unresectable liver metastases and can be used as a treatment option.
Epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery from 2009 to 2016 and its incidence prediction model based on meteorological factors
Authors: Meng Qiuyu , Liu Xun , Xie Jiajia , Xiao Dayong , Wang Yi , Deng Dan
Published: December 2019

Background

This study aimed to analyse the epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery (BD) caused by Shigella in Chongqing, China, and to establish incidence prediction models based on the correlation between meteorological factors and BD, thus providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of BD.

Methods

In this study, descriptive methods were employed to investigate the epidemiological distribution of BD. The Boruta algorithm was used to estimate the correlation between meteorological factors and BD incidence. The genetic algorithm (GA) combined with support vector regression (SVR) was used to establish the prediction models for BD incidence.

Results

In total, 68,855 cases of BD were included. The incidence declined from 36.312/100,000 to 23.613/100,000, with an obvious seasonal peak from May to October. Males were more predisposed to the infection than females (the ratio was 1.118:1). Children < 5 years old comprised the highest incidence (295.892/100,000) among all age categories, and pre-education children comprised the highest proportion (34,658 cases, 50.335%) among all occupational categories. Eight important meteorological factors, including the highest temperature, average temperature, average air pressure, precipitation and sunshine, were correlated with the monthly incidence of BD. The obtained mean absolute percent error (MAPE), mean squared error (MSE) and squared correlation coefficient (R2) of GA_SVR_MONTH values were 0.087, 0.101 and 0.922, respectively.

Conclusion

From 2009 to 2016, BD incidence in Chongqing was still high, especially in the main urban areas and among the male and pre-education children populations. Eight meteorological factors, including temperature, air pressure, precipitation and sunshine, were the most important correlative feature sets of BD incidence. Moreover, BD incidence prediction models based on meteorological factors had better prediction accuracies. The findings in this study could provide a panorama of BD in Chongqing and offer a useful approach for predicting the incidence of infectious disease. Furthermore, this information could be used to improve current interventions and public health planning.
Association between human T cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection and advanced periodontitis in relation to atherosclerosis among elderly Japanese: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shimizu Yuji , Yamanashi Hirotomo , Kitamura Masayasu , Furugen Reiko , Iwasaki Takahiro , Fukuda Hideki , Hayashida Hideaki , Kawasaki Koji , Kiyoura Kairi , Kawashiri Shin-Ya , Saito Toshiyuki , Kawakami Atsushi , Maeda Takahiro
Published: December 2019

Background

Human T cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) stimulates inflammation activity. Our previous study revealed a positive association between asymptomatic HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese individuals with low levels of hematopoietic activity (reflected by reticulocyte levels). Since low hematopoietic activity has been correlated with low-grade inflammation and low-grade inflammation is associated with atherosclerosis, the status of atherosclerosis could, in turn, determine the nature of this association.

Methods

To this end, a cross-sectional study of 907 elderly Japanese individuals (aged 60–99 years), who had participated in dental health check-up during the period 2016–2018, was conducted. Advanced periodontitis was defined as periodontal pocket ≥ 6.0 mm.

Results

Among the study population, 295 (32.5%) were found to have atherosclerosis defined as a carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) of ≥ 1.1 mm. HTLV-1 infection was positively associated with advanced periodontitis in participants with atherosclerosis, but no significant associations were observed among the participants without atherosclerosis. The known risk factors’ (including reticulocyte and CIMT) adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of advanced periodontitis were OR 2.01 and 95% CI 1.06–3.81 for participants with atherosclerosis and OR 0.61 and 95% CI 0.34–1.12 for participants without atherosclerosis.

Conclusion

This study found a significant association between HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese with atherosclerosis. However, this association is absent in individuals without atherosclerosis, suggesting that atherosclerosis might act as a determinant in the association between HTLV-1 infection and advanced periodontitis among elderly Japanese.
Topographic correlation between multifocal electroretinography, microperimetry, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the macula in patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy
Authors: Afridi Rubbia , Agarwal Aniruddha , Nguyen Nam V. , Hassan Muhammad , Sadiq Mohammad Ali , Nguyen Quan Dong , Sepah Yasir J.
Published: December 2019

Purpose

To correlate the findings of retinal function with multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG), microperimetry (MP), and structural assessments with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in topographically corresponding areas of the macula of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR).

Methods

Patients diagnosed with BSCR by clinical and imaging findings were included in the study. The mfERG was performed using 61 hexagon stimulus patterns grouped into 5 rings (Diagnosys Inc., USA). Individual responses [N1-P1 amplitudes in nanovolt (NV)/degree2 and P1 implicit time in milliseconds (msec)] for each hexagon in the central 3 rings (R1, 0°–2.3°; R2,2.3°–7.7°; and R3, 7.7°–12°) were obtained (19 hexagons). MP examination consisted of Polar 3–12° test with 28 points in 3 concentric rings with diameters of approximately 2.3°, 6.6°, and 11.1° from the foveal center. SD-OCT was performed using macular scans of 20° × 20°. The retinal sensitivity values on MP and thickness values of retinal layers were correlated with the responses on the mfERG for each topographically correlated hexagon.

Results

Sixteen eyes of eight patients were included in the study (mean age, 59.87 ± 10.01 years; range, 41–73 years). The amplitudes and the implicit times on mfERG and retinal sensitivities on MP were decreased for each of the 19 hexagons. Considering retinotopically matched points, there was correlation between the retinal sensitivities and mfERG implicit times and response amplitudes in all three rings. The thickness of the retinal pigment epithelium showed modest correlation with the mfERG parameters (ρ = 0.29; p = 0.04). The structural changes on SD-OCT, such as IS-OS disruption, were associated with changes in the mfERG trace arrays.

Conclusions

The structural and functional assessments in retinae of eyes with BSCR suggest that each imaging tool may be capturing unique aspects of retinal dysfunction. Multimodal imaging may allow detailed analyses of retinal damage at various corresponding loci. These findings are important when considering the use of these techniques in BSCR.
Defining the function of SUMO system in pod development and abiotic stresses in Peanut
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Zhu Jiao , Sun Sheng , Cui Feng , Han Yan , Peng Zhenying , Zhang Xuejie , Wan Shubo , Li Guowei
Published: December 2019

Background

Posttranslational modification of proteins by small ubiquitin like modifier (SUMO) proteins play an important role during the developmental process and in response to abiotic stresses in plants. However, little is known about SUMOylation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), one of the world’s major food legume crops. In this study, we characterized the SUMOylation system from the diploid progenitor genomes of peanut, Arachis duranensis (AA) and Arachis ipaensis (BB).

Results

Genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 40 SUMO system genes in A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. Our results showed that peanut also encodes a novel class II isotype of the SCE1, which was previously reported to be uniquely present in cereals. RNA-seq data showed that the core components of the SUMOylation cascade SUMO1/2 and SCE1 genes exhibited pod-specific expression patterns, implying coordinated regulation during pod development. Furthermore, both transcripts and conjugate profiles revealed that SUMOylation has significant roles during the pod development. Moreover, dynamic changes in the SUMO conjugates were observed in response to abiotic stresses.

Conclusions

The identification and organization of peanut SUMO system revealed SUMOylation has important roles during stress defense and pod development. The present study will serve as a resource for providing new strategies to enhance agronomic yield and reveal the mechanism of peanut pod development.
Which difficulties do GPs experience in consultations with patients with unexplained symptoms: a qualitative study
Authors: Houwen Juul , Lucassen Peter L. B. J. , Verwiel Anna , Stappers Hugo W. , Assendelft Willem J. J. , olde Hartman Tim C. , van Dulmen Sandra
Published: December 2019

Background

Many general practitioners (GPs) struggle with the communication with patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). This study aims to identify GPs’ difficulties in communication during MUS consultations.

Methods

We video-recorded consultations and asked GPs immediately after the consultation whether MUS were presented. GPs and patients were then asked to reflect separately on the consultation in a semi-structured interview while watching the consultation. We selected the comments where GPs experienced difficulties or indicated they should have done something else and analysed these qualitatively according to the principles of constant comparative analysis. Next, we selected those video-recorded transcripts in which the patient also experienced difficulties; we analysed these to identify problems in the physician-patient communication.

Results

Twenty GPs participated, of whom two did not identify any MUS consultations. Eighteen GPs commented on 39 MUS consultations. In 11 consultations, GPs did not experience any difficulties. In the remaining 28 consultations, GPs provided 84 comments on 60 fragments where they experienced difficulties. We identified three issues for improvement in the GPs’ communication: psychosocial exploration, structure of the consultation (more attention to summaries, shared agenda setting) and person-centredness (more attention to the reason for the appointment, the patient’s story, the quality of the contact and sharing decisions). Analysis of the patients’ views on the fragments where the GP experienced difficulties showed that in the majority of these fragments (n = 42) the patients’ comments were positive. The video-recorded transcripts (n = 9) where the patient experienced problems too were characterised by the absence of a dialogue (the GP being engaged in exploring his/her own concepts, asking closed questions and interrupting the patient).

Conclusion

GPs were aware of the importance of good communication. According to them, they could improve their communication further by paying more attention to psychosocial exploration, the structure of the consultation and communicating in a more person-centred way. The transcripts where the patient experienced problems too, were characterised by an absence of dialogue (focussing on his/her own concept, asking closed questions and frequently interrupting the patient).