bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de la infección subclínica de Salmonella Typhimurium sobre los parámetros productivos en la producción de cuyes de engorde (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Bazán R. Víctor , Bezada Q. Sandra , Carcelén C. Fernando , Yamada A. Graciela
Published: February 2020

Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la Salmonella Typhimurium sobre los parámetros productivos de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) se utilizaron 40 cuyes machos recién destetados, alimentados con una dieta base. Los cuyes fueron distribuidos en cuatro tratamientos con 10 repeticiones cada uno. T1: solución salina (control); T2: solución salina + APC (antibiótico promotor de crecimiento); T3: desafío con Salmonella Typhimurium; T4: desafío con Salmonella Typhimurium + APC. La dosificación con solución salina o con una dosis infectiva de Salmonella Typhimurium (2 x 106 UFC) se hizo en el día 11 del estudio. Se evaluó la ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia, rendimiento de carcasa y la retribución económica. Se tomaron muestras al beneficio de órganos y de la carne para el estudio microbiológico. Los animales desafiados con Salmonella (T3 y T4) mostraron una menor ganancia de peso, mayor consumo de alimento y pobre índice de conversión alimenticia en comparación con los cuyes de T1 y T2 (p<0.05). El rendimiento de carcasa fue similar entre los cuatro tratamientos, mientras que la retribución económica en los cuyes de T3 y T4 fue afectada entre un 28 y 30%. Se aisló Salmonella de 2 muestras de pulmón y una de bazo en cuyes del T1, mientras que más del 50% de las muestras en cuyes de T3 y T4 se pudo aislar el patógeno. Solo se detectaron cuatro muestras con presencia de Salmonella en la carne (T3). Se concluye que los parámetros productivos y la retribución económica en cuyes se afectan negativamente por la infección subclínica con Salmonella Typhimurium.
Jean Baptiste Colbert – A Theorist and a Practitioner
Authors: Pladis Benjaminas , Jasilionis Augustinas
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this article is to analyse the theoretical and practical work of Jean Baptiste Colbert – the grandee of French economics and the representative of mercantilism. This article deals with almost all areas of his work: state economy, trade policy, national defence, culture and art.

This article mainly focuses on economics. First of all, the article widely analyses the works of J. B. Colbert in the area of tax reform. Colbert focused on the shift in the tax load from the poor onto the pros­perous, not forgetting the simplification of tax ad­ministration. The ideas of Colbert, which remained purely theoretic, are introduced alongside.

In addition, Colbert focused on the industrial development of the country. The State promoted the establishment of manufactories, high-skilled labour imports, estimated the quality standards of produc­tion, aimed at the effective administration of supplies. Moreover, an effort was made to restrict imports and expand exports, as well as to establish transatlantic trade companies.

At the end of the article, other activities of Col­bert and changes in the situation after he passed away are briefly analysed.

This article is topical for today’s realities. Re­cent turmoil both in the global and in the national economy stimulates the search for analogies and methods of how similar situations were handled in the past.
Professor Jerzy Neyman – Some Reflections
Authors: Kordos Jan
Published: February 2020

The author cooperated with Professor Jerzy Neyman in Poland in 1958 on the subject of sampling surveys.He begins with Neyman’s ancestors to explain his connections with Poland, and Neyman’s primary, secondary and universityeducation. Next the author focuses on Neyman’s period in Poland in the years 1921-1934, paying special attention to Neyman’sinvolvements in the development of theory and practice of sampling surveys.He begin with major developments in sampling at the 1925 and 1927 sessions of the International Statistical Institute.This is the background for discussion of Neyman’s contribution to theory and practice of sampling. Next Neyman’s initialcontribution to the theory of sampling in the 1920s and his cooperation with Karl Pearson is emphasized. Before presentingNeyman’s famous 1934 paper, which synthesizes his own contributions and those of others, and effectively demolishes theidea of purposive sampling, the author stresses that main ideas of this paper are presented in Neyman’s booklet prepared in1932 in Polish and published in 1933. Summary of this booklet is given in Annex 1.Finally, special attention is paid to the co-operation of Professor Neyman, after the Second World War, with Polish samplingstatisticians, and mainly with the Central Statistical Office of Poland. At the end, some reflections of the author are presented.
Lee–Carter Mortality Forecasting
Authors: Ignatavičiūtė Eglė , Mikalauskaitė-Arminienė Rasa , Šiaulys Jonas
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we focus on Lee–Carter mortality forecasting. Model residuals and future mortality trendsare explored. Predictions of the force of mortality for France, Belarus and Lithuania are provided and compared. Severalmodifications of the model are applied to Lithuanian mortality data in order to obtain the most precise forecast.
Estimation of the Lithuanian Population Structure by Ethnolinguistic Groups
Authors: Jakaitienė Audronė , Kučinskas Vaidutis
Published: February 2020

The studies about the homogeneity of the Lithuanian population according to ethnolinguistic groups were carried out in various areas – psychological, anthropological, genetic, etc. From diverse research results, we know that the ethnic Lithuanian population is not homogeneous. For the analysis of the Lithuanian population according to ethnolinguistic groups, one should first know the population structure according to the mentioned groups so that a two-stage stratified random sample could be drawn. As to author’s knowledge, there are no publications about the structure of the Lithuanian population by ethnolinguistic groups. Statistics Lithuania does not produce such information. In the paper, the expert estimation of the Lithuanian population structure by ethnolinguistic groups is provided, based on annual population figures at the beginning of the year (2001–2013) from Statistics Lithuania. According to final 2001 and preliminary 2011 population census data, it was calculated that the ethnic Lithuanian population consists of 24.5 per cent of žemaičiai and 75.5 per cent of aukštaičiai. The latter is rather the estimation of the Lithuanian population structure living in the ethnolinguistic areas than the structure of the Lithuanian population by ethnolinguistic groups. Therefore, the results obtained should be used as an approximate estimate of the Lithuanian population structure by ethnolinguistic groups in empirical studies.
Assessing the Fiscal Sustainability of Government Finances in European Countries
Authors: Melnykov Yuriy
Published: February 2020

This paper analyses the fiscal sustainability of government finances in the 27 EU countries and Norway using an empirical, statistical approach and ADF tests for a unit root in the time series of the differences between the GDP growth rate and the long-term interest rate, and the primary balance.
PROGNOSTICATION IN CHINESE BUDDHIST HISTORICAL TEXTS THE GĀOSĒNG ZHUÀN AND THE XÙ GĀOSĒNG ZHUÀN
Authors: Yang Gang , Anderl Christoph
Published: February 2020

This paper explores topics and techniques of prognostication as recorded in medieval Buddhist historical literature, with an emphasis on theGāosēng zhuàn高僧傳 (GSZ) andXù gāosēng zhuàn續高僧傳 (XGSZ). The paper first provides a short survey of how prognostication is treated in Chinese Buddhist translated texts. In these ‘canonical’ sources there is clear ambiguity over the use of supernatural powers: on the one hand, such practices are criticised as non-Buddhist or even heterodox; on the other, narratives on Śākyamuni’s former and present lives as well as accounts of other buddhas, bodhisattvas, and the Buddha’s disciples abound with descriptions of their special abilities, including knowledge of the future. In contrast, the GSZ and XGSZ display a clear standpoint concerning mantic practices and include them as integral aspects of monastics’ lives. The two texts articulate that the ability to predict the future and other supernatural powers are natural by-products of spiritual progress in the Buddhist context. This paper discusses the incorporation of various aspects of the Indian and Chinese traditions in monastics’ biographies, and investigates the inclusion of revelations of future events (for example, in dreams) and mantic techniques in these texts. In addition, it traces parallels to developments in non-Buddhist literature and outlines some significant differences between the GSZ and the XGSZ.
Kliniğimizde Son Beş Yıllık İnterstisyel Akciğer Hastalığı Yönetimi
Authors: ÇİLEKAR Şule , DUMANLI Ahmet Dumanlı , ÖZ Gürhan , ÇAKIROĞLU Fatih , GUNAY Ersin
Published: February 2020

Giriş: İnterstisyel akciğer hastalıkları (İAH); akciğer parankiminde yaygın olarak inflamasyon ve fibrozis oluşmasıdır. Genellikle kronik seyirli, klinik, radyolojik ve patolojik olarak benzerlik gösteren yüzlerce hastalığı kapsar. Hastalığa yol açan etken idiyopatik olabileceği gibi mesleki hastalıklar, enfeksiyonlar, ilaçlar gibi çevresel faktörlere bağlı da olabilir. Sarkoidoz, kalıtsal hastalıklar ve kollajen doku hastalıkları gibi otoimmün ve sistemik hastalıkların bir parçası olarak da ortaya çıkabilir. Bizde kliniğimizde son beş yıldır tedavi ve takip ettiğimiz 402 adet İAH tanılı hastamızın dosyalarını inceledik. Tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımlarımızı paylaşmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Çalışmada Haziran 2012–Haziran 2018 yılları arasında , Göğüs Hastalıkları Kliniğimie başvuran İnterstisyel Akciğer Hastalığı tanısı alan hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak taranmıştır. Bulgular: Olguların yaş ortalaması 65.21±15.44 olup, 199’u (%49.5) kadın ve 203’ ü (%55) erkekti. Hastaların 380’inde (%94.5) nefes darlığı, 269’unda (%66.9) öksürük, 88’inde (%21.9) balgam, 11’inde (%2.7) hemoptizi, 11’inde (%2.7) göğüs ağrısı şikayeti mevcuttu. Posterio anterior akciğer (PA) grafilerinde 164 (%40.8) hastada çizgisel ve retiküler opasiteler, buzlu cam opasiteleri, periferik ve alt zonlarda belirginleşen kaba retiküler ve retikülonodüler opasiteler vardı. Hastaların 386’sına (%96) solunum fonksiyon testi yapıldı. Solunum fonksiyon testlerinde 14 (%3.5) obstrüktif tipte, 72 (%17.9) restriktif tipte, 120 (%29.9) mikst tipte, 180 (%44.8) normal sınırlardaydı. Hastalar İAH alt tanılarına göre değerlendirildiğinde 168’i (%41.8) undiferansiye interstisyel akciğer hastalığı, 96’sı (%23.9) İdiyopatik pulmoner fibrozis mevcuttu. Sonuç: İAH yaşam kalitesini ileri derece düşürdüğünden uygun hasta yönetimi önemlidir. Bu hastalık multidisipliner bir yaklaşımı gerekmektedir. Kuru öksürük ve nefes darlığı ile başvuran ve radyolojik olarak interstisyel tutulum  olan hastalarda İAH akılda tutulmalıdır.
“A Good Place for the Poor!” Counternarratives to Territorial Stigmatisation from Two Informal Settlements in Dhaka
Authors: Fattah Kazi Nazrul , Walters Peter
Published: February 2020

With many cities in the Global South experiencing immense growth in informal settlements, city authorities frequently try to assert control over these settlements and their inhabitants through coercive measures such as threats of eviction, exclusion, blocked access to services and other forms of structural violence. Such coercive control is legitimized through the discursive formation of informal settlements as criminal and unsanitary, and of the residents as migrants and as temporary and illegitimate settlers. Using findings from ethnographic research carried out in two informal settlements in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this article explores how informal settlement residents engage with and resist territorial stigma in a rapidly growing Southern megacity. Findings show residents resist stigmatising narratives of neighbourhood blame by constructing counternarratives that frame informal settlements as a “good place for the poor.” These place-based narratives emerge from shared experiences of informality and associational life in a city where such populations are needed yet unwanted. While residents of these neighbourhoods are acutely aware of the temporariness and illegality of unauthorised settlements, these narratives produce solidarities to resist eviction and serve to legitimise their claim to the city.
Historical and Spatial Layers of Cultural Intimacy: Urban Transformation of a Stigmatised Suburban Estate on the Periphery of Helsinki
Authors: Tuominen Pekka
Published: February 2020

Kontula, a suburban estate at the margins of Helsinki, Finland, has been plagued by a notorious reputation since its construction in the 1960s. At different moments in history, it has reflected failed urbanity, with shifting emphases on issues such as rootlessness, segregation, intergenerational poverty, and unsuccessful integration of immigrants. Unlike many other suburban estates in Helsinki, it has become a potent symbol of the ills of contemporary urbanity in the vernacular geography of the city. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article explores how its inhabitants experience the dynamic between the internalised stigma and their responses to it. The focus is on how historically formed and spatially defined senses of belonging and exclusion shape their everyday lives and how they have found ways to challenge the dominant perceptions about their homes and neighbourhoods. I argue that an understanding of cultural intimacy, conceptually developed by Michael Herzfeld, offers a useful way to approach the tension between essentialised categories and lived realities. Rather than simply limiting their agency, the shared stigma enables inhabitants to form powerful senses of belonging. The article emphasises how culturally intimate understandings employ both complex historical trajectories and shifts in relative location to question and confront the stigma in the language of mutual trust and belonging.
Extraperitoneal cesarean section: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Sharma Partha Pratim , Gond Sneha , Ansari M. D. Kamaluddin , Madhuri Narra , Bera Surendra N.
Published: February 2020

Background: Morbidity of caesarean section still persist in terms of pain, infection and adhesion. This study will focus on different morbidities associated with ECS.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 29 ECS were included from June to September 2018, done at Midnapore Medical college, West Bengal, India.Results: Contracted pelvis (12/29, 41.37%) and cephalopelvic disproportion (10/29,34.48%) were common indications for ECS. Mean gestational age was 39.65±1.31 weeks and birth weight were 3.01±0.40 kg. Time taken for ECS was 33.06±10.85 minutes. Extension of uterine incision and mild distension of abdomen occurred in 3.44% each. Post-operative period was uneventful and all discharged after 72 hours of operation.Conclusions: ECS can be performed safely by experienced hands with less feto-maternal morbidity and early discharge of mother and baby.
Study of early perinatal outcome in lower segment caesarean section in severe foetal distress at tertiary care centre
Authors: Jadhav Chandrakant A. , R. Tirankar V. , S. Gavandi P.
Published: February 2020

Background: For asphyxia, the fetus reacts with a series of responses. First there is redistribution of blood flow to vital centres to limit the deleterious effects of oxygen limitation in the brain, heart and adrenal glands. A further compensatory response is that overall fetal oxygen consumption declines to values as low as 50% of the control.Methods: This was a prospective study. Early perinatal outcome of newborns delivered through Caesarean section due to clinical foetal distress in labour was compared with a group of newborns similarly delivered via Caesarean section without a diagnosis of clinical foetal distress. Data collected and analysed using appropriate standard statistical methods i.e. Chi-square (X2) test and ‘Z’ - test.Results: Most common indication for NICU admission in study group was MAS (Meconium Aspiration Syndrome 14%) followed by MAS with perinatal asphyxia (5.33%), MAS with Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) - stage III (3.33%) paerintal asphyxia (2.66%), severe PNA with HIE - III (0.66%) and TTN (0.66%) meconium gastritis (0.66%) respectively.Conclusions: Clinical foetal distress (study group) was found to be significantly associated with low 1 min and 5 min. Apgar score. There was no significant difference in immediate NICU admission whether D-D (i.e. detection fetal detection to delivery interval) time interval <30 minutes or >30 minutes. But rate of mortality was high when D-D (i.e. detection fetal detection to delivery interval) was >30 minutes.
A rare case report on complete cervical agenesis with vaginal atresia and suspended didelphys uterus with hematometra and left haematosalpinx
Authors: Dwivedi Divya , Jain Madhu , Jain Shuchi , Jain Shivi
Published: February 2020

Congenital uterine malformations are deviations from normal anatomy resulting due to defective fusion of Mullerian ducts or the paramesonephric ducts in the developing embryo. These anomalies may be isolated or in combination with urological abnormalities. The mean prevalence of female congenital malformations in general population is up to ⁓ 7%. Patients with these anomalies usually present during pubertal age due to absence of onset of menses, cyclical abdominal pain, or in reproductive age group as infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss depending upon the degree of malformation. Cervical agenesis is a rare Mullerian anomaly with an incidence of 1 in 80,000 females. It represents 3% of all uterine anomalies. It is rarely associated with a functioning uterus (4.8%). Cervical agenesis is often associated with vaginal atresia (less than 50%). It is important to classify these anomalies for easy diagnosis and plan appropriate preoperative treatment.
Evaluation of serum sex hormones and CD4+ count among HIV patients on HAART, HAART naive patients and apparently healthy subjects in Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Yelwa Armiya’u Ahmed , Mainasara Abdallah Suleiman , Akuyam Shehu Abubakar , Adamu Balarabe Isah , Umar Zayyanu Usman , Abubakar Sharafudeen Dahiru , Muhammad Yahaya , Gamde Solomon Matthias , Abdulazziz Aisha
Published: February 2020

Background: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic disease associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) which progressively induces depletion of CD4+ T cells, and increased vulnerability to opportunistic infections. Previous reported studies associated HIV-infected men with sexual dysfunction; hypogonadism is the most common endocrinological disorders. Its prevalence remains poorly defined and widely ranging from different studies.Methods: This study evaluated a total of 135 serum sex hormones (testosterone, estrogen, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) and its correlation with CD4+ counts among HIV patients on HAART, HAART naïve patients and negative control subjects (n=45). CD4+ cell counts were estimated using standard flow cytometry method and serum sex hormones by competitive enzyme immunoassay technique.Results: There were significantly lower testosterone and CD4+ levels (p<0.05) among HIV positive HAART naïve men compared to negative control. LH and FSH indicated significant increased (p<0.05) among HIV positive men on HAART.Conclusions: Antiretroviral therapy improves sexual functions in males infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Hence, further study to evaluate its effects on other sexual behaviors.
Experience with NESTROFT for screening for thalassemia trait/ minor: evaluation against CBC and HPLC in a high prevalence region in Saurashtra, Gujarat, India
Authors: Sorathiya Varsha P. , Vachhani Nishith A. , Nandani Sanjeev L. , Vekariya Daya J. , Kashiyani Heena N. , Colah Roshan B.
Published: February 2020

Background: Hemoglobinopathies pose a significant health burden in India. Prevention programmes can significantly reduce this burden. Although sophisticated methods of screening for β thalassemia trait are available, a cheap and simple method is beneficial for population screening. Although the Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test (NESTROFT) has been evaluated in many studies, sample sizes were small in some and many earlier studies have not done complete blood count (CBC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in all the cases. We evaluate the suitability of NESTROFT for detection of β-thalassemia trait in a high prevalence region in Saurashtra, Gujarat.Methods: Here, 1000 unrelated individuals were studied. NESTROFT, CBC and estimation of HbA2 and HbF or other hemoglobin variants were done by HPLC.Results: Prevalence of β thalassemia trait was 7.8% in this population. NESTROFT showed an overall sensitivity and specificity of 94.87 and 85.38 respectively for the detection of β thalassaemia trait. Using red cell indices (MCH <27 pg and MCV <80 fl), One β thalassemia trait with normal indices would have been missed. Among twelve individuals with other hemoglobinopathies (HbS, HbD, HbE, δβ thalassemia trait or HPFH), seven had a positive NESTROFT while three had normal MCV & MCH values.Conclusions: NESTROFT is a cost-effective sensitive test which does not require any equipment and can be done in remote areas. It remains a useful first line screening test when large populations have to be screened.
Outbreak of enteric fever: a fact finding mission
Authors: Pardal Maninder Pal Singh , Minhas Sukhmeet
Published: February 2020

Background: In September 2019, a large number of fever cases among troops and families in a military station in Maharashtra were admitted to the local Military Hospital. Detailed epidemiological investigations revealed the cause to be an outbreak of enteric fever due to sewage contamination of drinking water.Methods: A detailed site survey was undertaken; and a descriptive epidemiological study was carried out. Routine haemogram, blood culture, antibiotic sensitivity test besides serotyping of the isolates were carried out.Results: In all 28 cases who fulfilled the case definition criteria were admitted in the month of September 2019. Out of these 21 (75%) were confirmed by blood culture, while the remaining were probable cases. Bacteriological examination reports of water samples taken from various source as well as consumer end points both prior to beginning of the outbreak and during the outbreak revealed a high presumptive coliform count.  Spatial and temporal clustering of cases was suggestive of common source outbreak. On 16 September 2019 exploration by digging was carried out undertaken which revealed massive leakage of water in close proximity to the overflowing manholes. The outbreak was promptly controlled after detection of this pipeline and provision of alternative source of water supply to the affected area.Conclusions: Salmonella enterica serovar typhi has been implicated in many outbreaks through history. The present outbreak was a common source focal outbreak due to sewage contamination of drinking water in a few areas in the station.
Comparison of the Growth Potential of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Mono and Polyculture Conditions in Earthen Culture Ponds of Jammu, India
Authors: Karlopia Sanjeev Kumar , Bakhtiyar Yahya , Langer Seema
Published: February 2020

The study was conducted to assess the growth and survival of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in earthen culture ponds in order to know about the growth potential of M. rosenbergii in mono as well as polyculture conditions in Jammu. Polyculture experiments of prawn with some selected carps Indian Major Carps (Cirrhinus mrigala and Labeo rohita) and Exotic Carps (Cyprinus carpio) were undertaken in 3 freshwater ponds for duration of 4 months. Under the monoculture conditions, prawns attained an average size of 10.40 ± 0.17 cm weighing 23.84 ± 0.32 g in 4 months and the survival rate was found to be more than 75%. The growth rate of prawns was found to increase steadily during the first half (upto mid-October) after which a decline in the growth rate was evident as the mean temperature reached below 18°C. In the polyculture ponds the prawns attained an average size of 10.10 ± 0.03 cm weighing 18.39 ± 0.89g (without C. carpio) and 8.4 ± 0.36 cm weighing 15.23 ± 0.36 g (with C. carpio) in 4 months and their survival rate was less than 70%. Prawns being benthic feeders utilized the leftover food (of the fishes) that settled at the bottom, therefore, saving the feed cost. It was observed that mean size of the fish attained in the polyculture practice was almost similar to that obtained in the monoculture. The ideal prawn polyculture should be practiced with fast growing compatible carps such as Rohu and grass carp. Bottom feeder carps such as Mrigal (C. mrigala) should be avoided in prawn polyculture practice as they compete with prawns in feeding.
Vegetative State from the Perspective of Islamic Law
Authors: Gooshki Hossein Shamsi , Abedian Kalkhoran Seyyed Hassan , Ahmadi Seyyed Mohammad Mahdi , Khoshi Abolfazl , Goodarzi Hassan
Published: February 2020

The death of the cerebral cortex is a particular type of brain death that occurs after the destruction of the cerebral cortex (the hemispheres of the brain). It is said that the individual has gone through a vegetative state. This cortex is responsible for controlling voluntary activities of the body. This condition is caused by a coma (anesthesia), and sometimes the individual remains in this state for several years. Although the person looks awake, his/her eyes are open and has some involuntary movements, there is no signs of mental and cognitive function. Moreover, the individual is physically in a state of dementia. Coma is a state in which a person cannot be awakened and does not respond to any stimulation including pain. Generally it lasts few days to a few weeks, after which some patients gradually recover, but some permanently lose all brain function (brain death), while others evolve to a vegetative state (VS). Patients in VS are unconscious and unaware of their surroundings, but they continue to have a sleep-wake cycle and can have periods of consciousness. They are able to breathe spontaneously, retain their gag, cough, sucking, and swallowing reflexes. They often look fairly “normal” to families and friends who hope and pray for their full recovery. Laws and regulations in Islamic countries originate from popular jurisprudence. Therefore, by arguing that the well-known principles of Islam are necessarily legitimate, the phenomenon of vegetative state has been recognized. Jurisprudents have conflicting opinions on brain deaths and these perspectives cannot be considered as a widespread legal basis at the level of macro policy for administrative, medical and judicial affairs. In criminal law, maniac has no criminal responsibility because the punishment is not in line with the purpose of punishment. Consequently, restrictions will be imposed on the patients. Therefore, it can be concluded that a person with vegetative state is compatible with the insanity.
Turismo e geografia: perspectivas da Indicação Geográfica (IG) no planejamento territorial
Authors: Vieira Lício Valério Lima , Soares Roberta Nascimento G
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a relação turismo e geografia a partir da criação de uma Indicação Geográfica (IG). Considera-se a importância neste contexto do planejamento territorial, evidenciado pelas políticas e ações que o conduzem ao fortalecimento da identidade cultural como estratégia de desenvolvimento para o turismo sustentável. Outro aspecto que também deve ser considerado neste contexto refere-se a uma visão planejada do turismo em torno dos territórios interligados em rede, com seus fluxos materiais e imateriais associados aos diversos destinos e suas áreas periféricas que compõem uma região turística. Nesse aspecto, a adoção de Indicação Geográfica (IG) para produtos com forte identidade cultural é um caminho para a valorização dos patrimônios identitários, territórios e cultura regional, fundamentais para criação de serviços e atrativos turísticos competitivos e sustentáveis. A metodologia utilizada para a construção deste artigo tem como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, que compõem as estratégias da revisão sistemática. As IGs associadas ao turismo podem colaborar para a dinâmica de preservação e desenvolvimento sustentável dentro dos territórios, bem como valorizar produtores e produtos com tradição e singularidade, diferenciais enraizados na cultura local, além da ligação com a própria geografia e territorialidade.
Conceitos ecológicos e sustentabilidade ambiental na rede hoteleira da Costa do Descobrimento, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Haun Rodrigo M , Martinez Romari A
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho identificou e analisou a utilização de conceitos ecológicos, de sustentabilidade e de respeito ao meio ambiente em hotéis da Costa do Descobrimento. Por estar dentro do corredor central da Mata Atlântica, próxima de importantes centros de endemismo, esperava-se que os empreendimentoslocaismostrasem certo grau de preocupação pela preservação ambiental. Para a coleta de dados, realizaram-se visitas técnicas a 13 hotéis de grande porte, onde foi preenchido um questionário seguindo um roteiro elaborado segundo as normas ABNTNBR-15401 e a portaria MinTur100/2011. Analisaram-se também materiais de marketing, folders e sites. Os resultados, traduzidos a um índice de parametrização da sustentabilidade, mostraram que a indústria hoteleira pouco contribui com as questões sócio-ambientais regionais, apresentando preocupações voltadas mais para a economia do que para a sustentabilidade ou ecologia. Encontrou- na publicidade uma série de pormenores que caracterizam alguns dos “pecados do greenwashing” como “falta de provas”, “incerteza” e “mentira”. Entretanto, é possível afirmar que a rede hoteleira ora analisada realiza sim certas ações condizentes com práticas sustentáveis.
E-Democracia nas Políticas Públicas de Turismo: uma análise em Curitiba
Authors: Sontag Junior Dalci , Gomes Bruno Martins Augusto , Pessali Huáscar Fialho
Published: February 2020

A e-democracia caracteriza-se pelas oportunidades de participação dos cidadãos nas políticas públicas por meio das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs). No turismo, o público-alvo dessa política, o turista, não reside onde as políticas são formuladas, sendo as TICs, na maioria das vezes, a única possibilidade de participação para essas pessoas. Desse modo, esse artigo analisa as políticas públicas de turismo sob a ótica da e-democracia, a partir de um estudo na cidade de Curitiba (Brasil). Para tanto foi realizada uma análise qualitativa com dados coletados no Facebook da Prefeitura Municipal e do Curitiba Turismo, bem como no sítio eletrônico do referido órgão municipal de turismo de Curitiba. A coleta e análise dos dados seguiram os procedimentos da teoria fundamentada. Os resultados demonstraram uma maior presença do julgamento ponderado, seguido pela transparência, sendo menos presente a inclusão e o controle popular. A partir desses resultados, conclui-se que a e-democracia tem aplicabilidade na análise das políticas públicas de turismo. Curitiba, apesar de ser reconhecida no uso das TICs, especialmente o Facebook “Prefs”, tem pouca presença dos bens democráticos nas políticas públicas de turismo, o que distancia o município da tendência da e-democracia e prejudica a otimização da ação pública direcionada ao turismo.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ АНИЗОТРОПИИ ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТИ НА РАЗРАБОТКУ МОДЕЛЬНОГО БЛОКА ТЕРРИГЕННОГО НЕФТЕНАСЫЩЕННОГО КОЛЛЕКТОРА В ХОДЕ ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ РАСЧЁТОВ
Authors: Ермеков Роман Игоревич , Коровин Михаил Олегович , Меркулов Виталий Павлович , Чернова Оксана Сергеевна
Published: February 2020

Актуальность исследования состоит в существовании проблемы недостаточности информации при сборе и анализе геологических и физико-химических свойств разрабатываемых залежей. В частности, такая проблема касается анизотропии проницаемости, значение которой можно узнать первоначально лишь на основе керновых данных, получаемых в результате бурения с керноотборниками. Зачастую данная операция является затратной для недропользователя. Однако при построении геолого-гидродинамической модели величина анизотропии проницаемости является одной из ключевых характеристик пласта и значительно влияет на его поведение. В цели данной работы входило провести подбор оптимального значения вертикальной анизотропии на основе доступных данных и предложить варианты по улучшению существующей системы разработки в ходе гидродинамических расчётов анизотропной модели. Объектом исследования является одно из нефтяных месторождений Томской области, состоящее из терригенных отложений. Особенностью месторождения является его месторасположение в системе сложных локальных поднятий разного порядка. Основной продуктивный коллектор представлен юрскими отложениями, сформировавшимися в регрессивно-трансгрессивную серию осадконакопления и имеющими сложное распределение фильтрационно-емкостных свойств. Методы: изучение особенностей течения флюидов в пористой среде, измерение и подбор значения вертикальной анизотропии проницаемости, а также проведение гидродинамических вычислений с учётом предлагаемых улучшений системы разработки. В результате исследования удалось узнать, что повышение значения вертикальной анизотропии не всегда приводит к увеличению выработки запасов в зоне работы скважины. Так, при значении вертикальной анизотропии 0,5 величина накопленной добычи нефти составила 1,968 млн м3, в то время как для значения 0,86 эта величина равнялась 1,913. Такой результат связан с геологическими особенностями продуктивного пласта и подчеркивает важность влияния анизотропии проницаемости. Кроме этого, выполнены гидродинамические расчёты на изотропной и анизотропной моделях, позволившие выделить оптимальные варианты оптимизации текущей системы разработки. Коэффициент извлечения нефти для изотропной модели составил 23,4 %, а для анизотропной модели – 22,8 % относительно размера извлекаемых геологических запасов. Таким образом, полученная разница в 0,6 % вновь показывает важность явления анизотропии проницаемости и необходимость как можно бо́льшего количества данных.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УГЛЕРАЗВЕДОЧНЫХ СКВАЖИН МЕТОДОМ ИМПУЛЬСНОГО НЕЙТРОН-НЕЙТРОННОГО КАРОТАЖА
Authors: Фоменко Николай Евгеньевич , Попов Виктор Владимирович , Коваленко Андрей Сергеевич
Published: February 2020

Актуальность работы определяется необходимостью оптимизации комплекса геофизических исследований углеразведочных скважин посредством импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа. Постановка проблемы обусловлена современными тенденциями развития угольной отрасли и новыми аппаратурными и техническими разработками в разведочной и промысловой геофизике. Цель: показать возможности и результативность импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа в углеразведочных скважинах на материалах опытно-экспериментальных работ в Восточном Донбассе. Объект: каротажные диаграммы импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа, зарегистрированные в углеразведочных скважинах Восточного Донбасса. Методы: анализ каротажных кривых импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа на предмет результативности использования метода в стандартном комплексе для решения задач, поставленных геологической службой по выделению: 1) целевых объектов, т. е. угольных пластов с определением их положения в разрезе; 2) пород, вмещающих угольные пласты. Результаты. Выполнено обоснование применения импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа для изучения геологических разрезов угольных скважин. Изучены качественные и количественные характеристики времени жизни тепловых нейтронов в породах угленосной толщи. Показаны возможности метода по оценке марочного состава углей и их зольности. Произведено сопоставление каротажных диаграмм, зарегистрированных на различных временных задержках и с различной скоростью подъёма скважинного прибора, на предмет выбора оптимальных условий геофизических работ этим методом. Установлено, что все литологические разности, включая тонкие угольные пласты, однозначно выделяются методом импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа. Выполнен анализ разрешающей способности импульсного нейтрон-нейтронного каротажа на фоне каротажных кривых поискового комплекса геофизических исследований скважин, включая методы электрического, радиоактивного, акустического каротажа и кавернометрию. Сделан акцент на положительных сторонах и недостатках метода гамма-гамма каротажа с мягким источником (ГГК-С). Предложено при наличии организационно-технических сложностей заменять исследования ГГК-С импульсным нейтрон-нейтронным каротажем.
ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКИЕ КРИТЕРИИ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ ФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫХ ПОТОКОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНЫХ СКВАЖИН
Authors: Сергеев Виктор Леонидович , Хоанг Донг Ван , Хагай Данил Эдуардович , Игнатенко Александр Владимирович
Published: February 2020

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью выделения фильтрационных режимов течения для определения гидродинамических параметров нефтяных пластов в процессе проведения нестационарных испытаний горизонтальных скважин по кривым восстановления забойного давления. Целью исследования является разработка диагностических критериев детерминированных моментов давлений для выделения фильтрационных режимов течения в процессе нестационарных гидродинамических испытаний горизонтальных скважин нефтяных месторождений по кривым восстановления давления. Методы исследования основаны на теории и практике нестационарных испытаний горизонтальных скважин, линейной алгебре, идентификации систем, системном анализе. Апробация предложенных диагностических критериев осуществлялась с использованием промысловых данных нестационарных испытаний нефтяных горизонтальных скважин по кривым восстановления забойного давления. Результаты. Разработаны диагностические критерии выделения на кривой восстановления забойного давления участков раннего радиального, линейного и позднего радиального (псевдорадиального) потоков в процессе проведения гидродинамических исследований горизонтальных скважин нефтяных месторождений. В основе диагностических критериев использованы оценки детерминированных моментов давлений, полученные в процессе проведения испытаний горизонтальных скважин. Для определения неизвестных значений пластовых и забойных давлений на недовосстановленном участке кривой восстановления забойного давления использованы феноменологические прогнозирующие модели забойного давления с параметрами, зависящими от времени, с учетом экспертной оценки пластового давления, и адаптивные алгоритмы идентификации. Проводилась обработка результатов испытаний двух горизонтальных скважин нефтяного месторождения. Показано, что предложенные диагностические критерии практически не уступают по точности графоаналитическому методу выделения режимов фильтрации и позволяют определять время начала и завершения фильтрационных потоков, а также время завершения испытаний скважин в процессе их проведения без участия квалифицированного интерпретатора.
Utility of a Low-Cost, Dense Sensor Network for the Study of Air Quality Impact Upon Human Health in Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Alexander Susan , Kaulfus Aaron , Phillips C. E. , Baron Bob , McHenry John N. , Nair Udaysankar
Published: February 2020

The chemical composition of air changes from moment to moment. While the atmosphere may appear clear and cloudless to the human eye, gases, aerosols, and particulates are in constant interaction with Earth's surface under the influence of meteorological conditions. The recent emergence of low-cost, dense environmental air quality monitoring networks suggests growing interest in highly granular temporospatial exposure assessments by scientists and citizens. This chapter describes the utility of leveraging partnerships and resources to collocate a dense network of low-cost air quality sensors with meteorological sensors across a predominantly rural state located in the southeastern U.S. Construction of the network will improve knowledge on the daily, diurnal, and seasonal variations of pollutant exposures in rural and urban areas, the public health impact of extreme climatological and atmospheric events, and socioeconomic factors that heighten risk of exposures and health outcomes.
Changes in Mind-Wandering and Cognitive Fusion Through Mindfulness Group Therapy for Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Takahashi Toru , Kikai Tomoki , Sugiyama Fukiko , Kawashima Issaku , Kuroda Ayaka , Usui Kaori , Maeda Wakana , Uchida Taro , Guan Siqing , Oguchi Mana , Kumano Hiroaki
Published: February 2020

The mechanisms of efficacy in mindfulness-based interventions for depression and anxiety are not fully understood. To clarify these mechanisms, we tested the hypotheses that mind-wandering, daydreaming, cognitive fusion, and experiential avoidance will decrease through mindfulness group therapy, and this decrease will correlate with improvements in depression and anxiety. Participants self-reported depression and/or anxiety (N = 28) took part in an 8-week mindfulness group therapy program. They were assessed using self-report scales at pre- and post-intervention, and at 2-month follow-up. Results indicated that depression and trait-anxiety decreased between pre- and post-intervention with moderate effect sizes, which were maintained at follow-up. Mind-wandering and cognitive fusion also decreased between pre- and post-intervention with small to moderate effect sizes, and maintained at follow-up. The decreases in mind-wandering and cognitive fusion moderately correlated with improvements in depression and anxiety, suggesting that decreases in mind-wandering and cognitive fusion might underlie efficacious mechanisms of mindfulness group therapy.
SPACE, Parent-Based Treatment for Childhood and Adolescent Anxiety: Clinical Case Illustration
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R. , Majdick Jennifer M.
Published: February 2020

Efficacious treatments for childhood anxiety disorders include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and medications, yet there is urgent need for additional efficacious treatment modalities. Parent-based treatment provides such an alternative. Recent literature has supported that SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions), an entirely parent-based treatment, is as efficacious as CBT in reducing child anxiety. SPACE focuses on systematically reducing family accommodation, or changes to parental behavior aimed at alleviating or avoiding a child's distress related to their anxiety disorder, while maintaining a supportive stance toward the child. To date, SPACE is the only intervention that places the reduction of parental accommodation at the center of its theoretical foundation and treatment objectives. This article provides theoretical and empirical background for SPACE and illustrates its implementation through a case description.
PENCAPAIAN TARGET STOP BUANG AIR BESAR SEMBARANGAN DI KELURAHAN KELAYAN TENGAH KOTA BANJARMASIN ACHIEVEMENT OF OPEN DEFECATION FREE IN KELURAHAN KELAYAN TENGAH BANJARMASIN CITY
Authors: Mazaya Gusti Ihda
Published: February 2020

Target strategi sanitasi (SSK) Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2014-2019 agar praktek buang air besar sembarangan (BABs) diturunkan sampai 0% pada tahun 2019. Kelurahan Kelayan Tengah merupakan salah satu kelurahan di Kota Banjarmasin yang dikategorikan sebagai zona resiko sanitasi yang tinggi berdasarkan jumlah cakupan jamban per keluarga dan tingkat BABs. Kelurahan Kelayan Tengah dekat dengan sungai Kelayan, hal ini menyebabkan masyarakat masih banyak yang melakukan praktek BABs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pencapaian target stop BABs dengan sistem penyaluran air limbah (SPAL) menggunakan sistem terpusat dan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) Komunal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan kajian literatur terkait penelitian, survei lapangan, analisis data kuesioner, dan perencanaan SPAL di RT 14,15,20 dan 21. Kuesioner sebanyak 75 responden, berdasarkan dari rumah yang belum memiliki jamban. Aspek yang dianalisa meliputi aspek teknis dan sosial. Untuk pencapaian target stop buang air besar sembarangan dilakukan kegiatan pemicuan, merencanakan SPAL dan IPAL komunal dengan menggunakan anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), didesain untuk 150 sambungan rumah.Lokasi penempatan IPAL di SD Kelayan Tengah 2.  Kata kunci: Sanitasi, BABs, SPAL, IPAL. Target of strategy sanitation Banjarmasin city 2014 to 2019 is that the practice of open defecation free (ODF) reduced to 0 % at 2019. Kelayan Tengah village is one of village in Banjarmasin city categorized as a high risk of sanitary zone based on total toilet of family and ODF level. Kelayan Tengah village located near with kelayan river, This causes the society practice of ODF. This study aims to assess ODF with applying off-site sanitation system of sewerage system and communal waste water treatment plant (WWTP). This study was commenced by reviewing relavan literatures, conducting field survey, analysis data of questionnaire, and design of sewerage system and WWTP in the neighborhood association  (rukun tetangga/RT) 14, 15, 20, and 21. Questionnaire was fulfilled by 75 respondents whose houses do not have toilet. The analysis included the assessment of technical aspect, and sosial aspect. Endeavors toward ODF with an effort to disseminate, establishment of sewerage system, and communal WWTP used anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), sewerage system covers 150 house connections. Establishment of WWTF in selementary school of Kelayan Tengah 2.  Keywords: Sanitation, ODF, sewerage system, WWTP
KAJIAN BEBAN EMISI SO2 DAN NOx DARI KEGIATAN INDUSTRI DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI SIER SURABAYA
Authors: Handriyono Rachmanu Eko , Kusuma Martiha Nilam
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Peningkatan konsumsi energi dari kegiatan industri di perkotaan berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan kualitas udara. Gas buang SO2 dan NOx dari kegiatan industri menimbulkan emisi yang dapat menurunkan kualitas udara di Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menghitung beban emisi SO2 dan NOx dari kegiatan industri di Kawasan Industri SIER Surabaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah inventarsisasi emisi untuk evaluasi status kualitas udara di perkotaan. Penelitian ini mengambil 12 sampel lokasi industri berupa konsumsi energi atau penggunaan bahan bakar dan peralatan pengendali emisi di Kawasan Industri SIER Surabaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total beban emisi SO2 dari kegiatan industri di Kawasan Industri SIER Surabaya adalah 382,48 ton/tahun sedangkan NOx sebesar 155,32 ton/tahun. Konsumsi energi dari kegiatan industri berupa penggunaan batu bara merupakan penghasil emisi SO2 dan NOx terbesar di kawasan industri SIER Surabaya yaitu SO2 sebesar 195,05 ton/tahun dan NOx sebesar 90,27 ton/tahun.      Kata kunci: beban emisi, konsumsi energi, kualitas udara ABSTRACT Increased energy consumption from industrial activities in urban areas has the potential to cause a decrease in air quality. SO2 and NOx exhaust gases from industrial activities generate emissions that can make air quality decrease in Surabaya. This study calculates SO2 and NOx emission load from industrial activities in industrial area of SIER Surabaya. The purpose of this study is the inventory of emissions for air quality status evaluation in urban areas. This study took 12 samples of industrial sites in the form of fuel use and emission treatment equipment in industrial area of SIER Surabaya. The result shows that total SO2 emission load from industrial activity in industrial area of SIER Surabaya is 382,48 ton/year while NOx equal to 155,32 ton/year. The energy concumption by use of coal is the largest SO2 and NOx emitter in the industrial area of SIER Surabaya ie SO2 of 195.05 ton/year and NOx of 90.27 ton/year.  Keywords: air quality, emission load, energy consumption