bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basin-scale hydrodynamics and physical connectivity in a Great Patagonian Lake
Authors: Abarca Javiera , Ulloa Hugo , Niño Yarko
Published: December 2022

Patagonian lakes are one of the most unexplored aquatic environments on Earth, and little is known about their thermo-hydrodynamics and current trophic state. Meanwhile, increasing urbanization and industrialization in their catchments compromise their health. Here, we investigate Lake Llanquihue, one of the Earth's great freshwater bodies in Northern Patagonia, Chile. Still considered a pristine environment, Llanquihue has experienced recent contamination events along its littoral, whose impacts remain unknown. In response, public and private agencies have started to develop tailor-made monitoring plans to survey water quality. However, without comprehensive knowledge of the lake's functioning, it is impossible to determine the fate and effects of contaminants in the water body. Here, we characterize via numerical simulations the basin-scale hydrodynamics of Lake Llanquihue, crucial information for diagnosing the transport of dissolved and suspended matter within its basin. Aiming to delimit the regions impacted by contaminated discharges, we pose a fundamental question that applies to any lake: What is the physical connectivity between two zones of interest within a lake? To address this question, we introduce a framework that characterizes the preferential pathways and quantifies the timescale tracers take to stream from one zone to another within an aquatic system. This framework is applied to investigate the physical connectivity among the main urban and rural settlements connected to the littoral zone of Lake Llanquihue. Our results show that the physical connectivity between long-distance littoral regions is primarily controlled by a time-persistent, large-scale gyre and seasonal mesoscale gyres. The above information will enable lake managers to monitor the health of the water basin, identify and notify potential risk zones impacted by polluted effluents, and advance toward a more sustainable relationship with Lake Llanquihue.
The Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of Pre-sleep Arousal Scale
Authors: Türkarslan Kutlu Kağan , Çınarbaş Deniz Canel , Nicassio Perry M.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of PSAS which measures pre-sleep arousal, a significant predictor of insomnia disorder.Methods: 651 participants were recruited via social media and the internet. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in split-half samples (63.50% and 67.08% females; Mage1 = 28.56 ± 14.11, Mage2 = 27.63 ± 13.89). Convergent, divergent, incremental, and discriminant validity and internal consistency coefficients were assessed in a subsample of 556 participants (62.77% females; Mage3 = 29.25 ± 14.81). A third separate sample of 88 participants (80.68% females; Mage4 = 22.19 ± 4.98) was used to evaluate three-week test-retest reliability.Results: The results of factor analyses yielded a two-factor structure comprising cognitive (PSAS-C) and somatic (PSAS-S) factors. The correlation of the PSAS with convergent and divergent measures showed that the Turkish form had good convergent and acceptable divergent validity. PSAS-C and PSAS-S were able to explain the extra variance (17.70%) in insomnia severity beyond depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, insomnia patients had significantly higher PSAS-C and PSAS-S scores than the good sleepers. Finally, the PSAS, PSAS-C, and PSAS-S had satisfactory internal consistency coefficients (α = .92, .93, and .86, respectively) and three-week test-retest correlations (ICC = .82, .82, and .71, respectively).Conclusion: The Turkish form of PSAS was a valid and reliable measure of pre-sleep arousal and can be utilized in sleep studies.
Family Functioning, Identity Commitments, and School Value Among Ethnic Minority and Ethnic Majority Adolescents
Authors: Mastrotheodoros Stefanos , Hillekens Jessie , Miklikowska Marta , Palladino Benedetta Emanuela , Lionetti Francesca
Published: December 2022

Ethnic minority youth show worse school adjustment than their ethnic majority peers. Yet, it remains unclear whether this gap can be explained by differences in family functioning and consequent identity commitments. This study examined 1) whether family functioning relates to identity commitments over time and 2) whether identity commitments impact later school value 3) among minority and majority adolescents. Minority (N=205, Mage=16.25 years, 31.1% girls) and majority adolescents (N=480, Mage=15.73 years, 47.9% girls) participated in this preregistered three-wave longitudinal study (T1: March-April 2012; T2: October 2012; T3: March-April 2013). Dynamic Panel Models revealed that most within-person cross-lagged associations were not significant in the total sample. Yet, multigroup analyses revealed differences between groups: Stronger identity commitments related to lower school value among minority adolescents, but were unrelated to school value among majority adolescents over time. Additionally, higher school value increased identity commitments among minority youth, yet it decreased identity commitments among majority youth over time. The findings highlight the differential interplay between identity commitments and school adjustment for minority and majority adolescents, with important implications for their future life chances.
Policy Effects on Mixed-Citizenship, Same-Sex Unions: A Triple-Difference Analysis
Authors: Hoffmann Nathan Isaac , Velasco Kristopher
Published: December 2022

After the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) in 2013, same-sex partners of U.S. citizens became eligible for spousal visas. Since then, the U.S. has seen a rapid rise in same-sex, mixed-citizenship couples. However, this effect varies greatly depending on the lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) policy context of the non-citizen's country of origin. Using waves 2008 to 2019 of the American Community Survey, this study employs a triple-difference design to examine how the policy environment of the origin country moderates the effect of the end of DOMA on incidence of mixed-citizenship, same-sex couples in the U.S. Quasi-Poisson models with two-way fixed effects show that, after 2013, individuals in mixed-citizenship, same-sex couples coming from countries with progressive LGB policy saw a more than 60-percent increase in incidence relative to those in different-sex or same-citizenship couples. Meanwhile, those from countries with regressive laws experienced no significant increase. These results are corroborated by analyses of individual policies. We argue that the country-of-origin policy context impacts and is impacted by local norms and attitudes as well as individuals' material circumstances. This nexus of factors leaves a lasting impact on immigrants that shapes migration decisions, union formation, and responses to policy shifts.
PENDAMPINGAN PENCATATAN DAN PELAPORAN KEUANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) ABADI JAYA DESA SUKAJAYA LEMBANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Dwi R.T Dita Rari , Napisah Lilis Saidah , Rakhmadhani Vania
Published: December 2022

PKM ini dilatarbelakangi oleh minimnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh pengurus BUMDES Abadi Jaya dalam hal akuntansi keuangan khususnya akuntansi keuangan BUMDES. Disamping itu, dengan minimnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimiliki pengurus BUMDES Abadi Jaya tersebut, seringkali mengalami kendala pada saat pencatatan transaksi keuangan dan pelaporan keuangan BUMDES yang berimbas pada kualitas laporan keuangan yang dihasilkan. Hal ini tentunya akan dapat mempengaruhi performa laporan keuangan BUMDES Abdi Jaya pada saat adanya pemeriksaan keuangan oleh Pengawas BUMDES. Adapun solusi yang kami lakukan dalam kegiatan PKM terkait permasalahan yang ada, yakni dengan melakukan pendampingan kepada pengurus BUMDES terkait pencatatan dan pembuatan laporan keuangan BUMDES. Mekanisme pendampingan yang dilakukan yakni melalui beberapa tahapan, diantaranya adalah (1) Tahap pertama memberikan pengetahuan terkait cara pencatatan transaksi ke dalam jurnal dan SAK ETAP yang digunakan sebagai standar akuntansi keuangan untuk BUMDES. (2). Tahap kedua dengan melakukan kegiatan praktek pembukuan terkait transaksi keuangan yang terjadi di BUMDES Abadi Jaya. (3) tahap ketiga yakni dngan melakukan monitoring. Adapun target yang ingin dicapai adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus BUMDES Abadi Jaya dalam melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan keuangan BUMDES sehingga dapat menghasilkan laporan keuangan yang baik sesuai dengan SAK ETAP yang berlaku sebagai pedoman pencatatan transaksi keuangan dan pelaporan keuangan BUMDES.
Pre- and Post-Course Self-Assessments to Promote Recognition of Learning in Veterinary Students
Authors: Root Kustritz Margaret V.
Published: December 2022

Students benefit from recognition of their achievements as learners. A simple tool to help students reflect on their own learning is the use of pre- and post-course self-assessments based on authentic veterinary interactions. The use of this tool in three courses over 2 years consistently demonstrated an increase in the confidence of the students in their ability to use the course content in realistic settings.
Â¿QuÃ© relevancia tiene Dialnet MÃ©tricas en las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades?
Authors: CalderÃ³n-Rehecho Andoni
Published: December 2022

Para analizar el impacto real de Dialnet MÃ©tricas en las Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales se muestran los principales indicadores incluidos en el Portal de ProducciÃ³n CientÃ­fica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), comparando los datos que se obtienen de ella con los de otras fuentes. Se toman los datos de todas las facultades relacionadas con Humanidades y Ciencias sociales y se profundiza en el caso de Derecho, ya que es la disciplina peor representada en otras bases de datos. La profundizaciÃ³n se realiza con los datos de la Facultad, de los departamentos, de los institutos de investigaciÃ³n y de los grupos de investigaciÃ³n ligados al Derecho; ademÃ¡s de con el listado de revistas en las que publica, y los datos de los libros publicados por la Facultad. Como contraste se aportan los datos de todos los departamentos de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales y los de las revistas en las que publica (y es citada) la Facultad de PsicologÃ­a, que se aparta del patrÃ³n de la de Derecho.
Numérique versus symbolique
Authors: Mathian Hélène , Sanders Lena
Published: December 2022

L’objectif de cet article est de comparer une approche statistique, l’analyse des données (AD) et une approche de simulation, les systèmes multi-agents (SMA). Ces deux familles de méthodes sont a priori considérées comme représentatives d’une approche numérique, respectivement symbolique, de la modélisation spatiale. Le cas d’application qui est mobilisé tout au long de l’article est celui de la ségrégation de l’espace scolaire en Île-de-France. En premier lieu sont explicitées et discutées les différentes étapes menant d’une question thématique à l’opérationnalisation d’une méthodologie d’analyse statistique ou de simulation destinée à analyser cette question. Pour effectuer cette comparaison, on développe un cadre conceptuel à l’interface entre les deux, qui permet de vérifier la compatibilité entre les arrières plans théoriques associés aux domaines thématiques et de modélisation en jeu. Ce cadre conceptuel prend appui sur une démarche ontologique qui est ensuite présentée. Celle-ci permet d’identifier les complémentarités entre AD et SMA et de montrer comment ces deux méthodes peuvent dialoguer dans le cadre d’une même recherche. Nous montrons combien les aspects numériques et symboliques sont finalement étroitement imbriqués au sein même de chacune de ces méthodes. Cette imbrication permet de construire une « spirale d’interactions » entre les deux familles de méthodes dont l’intérêt est illustré par les va et vient entre les phases d’analyse de structure et de simulation dynamique dans le cas de la ségrégation scolaire.
The prospects for the implementation of the Pulkovo Observatory observational program at the Assy-Turgen observatory
Authors:   Pulkovo Observatory, Russia, Khovritchev M.Yu. , Arkharov A.A. ,   Pulkovo Observatory, Russia, Kim V.V. ,   Pulkovo Observatory, Russia,   Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute, Kazakhstan, Izmailov I.S. ,   Pulkovo Observatory, Russia
Published: December 2022

The progress of the observational programs of the Pulkovo observatory involves the transfer of some of them to regions with conducive astroclimatic conditions. The ability of the Assy-Turgen observatory (MPC = 217, h = 2700 m) operated by the Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute (AFIF), (Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan) causes great interest in this context. The 40-cm telescope MEADE LX200 (Pulkovo Observatory) was transported to this site in 2022. In addition, it became possible to claim part of the observational time of the 1.5-meter AZT-20 telescope, which provides imaging both in the photometric mode in the griz bands and in the spectroscopic mode. The test observations were made with these instruments in August 2022. The present paper discusses the results of these observations and the prospects for further implementation of the Pulkovo observational programs at the Assy-Turgen observatory. It is shown that a positional accuracy better than 50 mas was reached with the 40-cm telescope measurements of the distant satellites of Jupiter and Saturn. Photometric measurements with this telescope allow us to obtain an accuracy of 0.02m. These are competitive values for many types of observations which will be significantly improved after the necessary deep alignment of the telescope optics. The astrometric accuracy of less than 20 mas is reachable with the AZT-20 telescope of this observatory (according to the internal convergence of astrometric measurements observations of the Uranian satellites). Spectral observations of the 61 Cygnus binary system were performed with this instrument in order to develop the method for determining the relative radial velocities. This is necessary to improve the accuracy of determining the orbital parameters of the binary star systems and searching for low-mass components and exoplanets.
Organization of Theatrical Activity Within the Non-Governmental Sector of Culture
Authors: Yakovenko Mariia
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The importance of studying independent theatre initiatives in the Ukrainian context is not only theoretical but also practical because it is not just a comparison of different models but also the formulation of recommendations for theatre reform in Ukraine. The emergence of independent theater organizations gave rise to independent artistic practice, which dramatically increased competition among theaters in the struggle for the audience. As a result, the ability to use management and marketing technologies as a tool for market promotion began to play a leading role for such institutions. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical foundations and practical recommendations for improving the organization of theatrical activities within the non-governmental sector of culture. The work was based on dialectical, empirical, and systematic approaches, which allowed us to summarize the theoretical and practical achievements accumulated by the community in the context of organizing the activities of modern theaters. Results. The essence, role, and significance of the activities of independent theater organizations are revealed. The problems of the existence of independent theaters are determined. Methods for improving the work of theatrical organizations in the independent sector of culture and theatrical reform have been formulated. Peculiarities of management of the subjects of the independent sector of culture have been revealed. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the deepening of the theoretical foundations of the organization of independent theaters based on generalization of the best world experience in this culture segment. The significance of the study is manifested in the expansion of knowledge in the field of organization of independent theaters and the possibility of their use in the process of reforming the theatrical sphere of Ukraine.
PEMBUDAYAAN GERAKAN MASYARAKAT HIDUP SEHAT (GERMAS) DAN PERCEPATAN VAKSINASI COVID-19 DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Anwar M. Choiroel , Widiyati Sri , Ma'ruf Fauzan , Nabiha Puteri Inandin , Jannah Marichatul , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: December 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 yang menyerang sistem pernafasan pada manusia, yang telah menginfeksi jutaan orang di seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali Indonesia. Salah satu usaha dari pemerintah dalam menjaga agar tidak terpapar wabah ini adalah dengan melaksanakan vaksinasi, meningkatkan promosi kesehatan dengan memberikan penyuluhan. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarkat bekerja sama dengan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tegal dan Puskesmas di wilayah kerja Kecamatan Adiwerna dan Suradadi. Rangkaian kegiatan diantaranya pemeriksaan kesehatan yaitu screening kesehatan pra vaksin, pelaksanaan vaksinasi COVID-19 dosis 1 dan 2 maupun booster, serta pemberian materi penyuluhan bagi 400 warga dari 2 Desa Gembongdadi dan Desa Pedeslohor. Dari hasil kegiatan yang didapatkan pengetahuan warga di Desa Gembongdadi dan Desa Pedeslohor meningkat dan cakuipan vaksin COVID-19 juga ikut meningkat.
Gunshot wound of a lower third of the left forearm in a 9-year-old child with a hunting shotgun. Amputation or reconstruction?
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, ISLAMOV S. A. , SATAYEV V. U. ,   Bashkir State Medical University, TARASOV YU. V. ,   Republic Clinical Hospital named after Kuvatov, SABLIN P. A. ,   Republic Children’s Clinical Hospital, YUNUSOV D. I. ,   Republic Children’s Clinical Hospital, FATKHULISLAMOV R. R. ,   Republic Children’s Clinical Hospital
Published: December 2022

The article presents and describes a clinical case of a gunshot wound of the left forearm of a 9-year-old child — a rare case in the practice of traumatologists and pediatric surgeons in peacetime, which occurred during hunting. The child had an open multi-splintered fracture of the lower third of both bones of the left forearm with damage and defect of the radial and ulnar artery, radial, ulnar and median nerves, damage and defect of over 15 cm of the extensor tendons of the left hand and fingers, soft tissue defect and the presence of foreign objects. There was no blood supply, movement and sensitivity on the left hand. Radiographs of the left forearm and hand in front and lateral projections revealed multi-splintered fractures of the lower third of both bones of the left forearm with the presence of foreign objects (pellet). There was a question of reconstruction or amputation of the forearm. Collectively, at a consultation of doctors consisting of: an orthopedic traumatologist, an angiosurgeon, a neurosurgeon, a pediatric surgeon and a pediatric anesthesiologist-resuscitator, it was decided to reconstruct the forearm. Primary surgical treatment of a gunshot wound, restoration of the radial and ulnar arteries, radial median and ulnar nerves were performed; extra-focal osteosynthesis of the left forearm was performed according to G.A. Ilizarov technique. One month after cleansing the wound and the formation of granulations, free autodermoplasty with a full-layer skin flap was performed. An objective examination 4 months after the dismantling of the Ilizarov apparatus revealed that the limb was warm, moderate swelling of the hand remained, and tactile and motor sensitivity were registered. With extensive defects of the soft tissues, vessels and nerves of the limb with gunshot wounds, it is necessary to involve an orthopedic traumatologist, an angiosurgeon, a neurosurgeon, a combustiologist, an anesthesiologist, a plastic surgeon and a medical psychologist.
Using Russia-made endoprotheses for hip joint ankylosis
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, NAZAROV E. A. , RYABOVA M. N. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, SELEZNEV A. V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, SOLOVYEV A. YU. ,   TREK-E Kompozit Closed Corporation
Published: December 2022

The problem of hip arthroplasty in hip joint ankylosis in relation to surgical and rehabilitation aspects is considered. From the surgical point of view, the question arises of finding the location of the joint and the features of implantation of the device against the background of osteoporosis associated with low load and long-term limitation of function. A clinical example of ankylosed hip as result of coxarthrosis and Bechterew’s disease is given; preoperative planning is described, as well as the technical aspects of the surgical procedure using a Russia-produced hip joint endoprosthesis, and the outcome of surgical treatment. A conclusion was made that the articular function can be partially restored.
Anatomy, biomechanics and instability of distal radioulnar joint in adults
Authors:   National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov, GOLUBEV I. O. , BORISOVA A. V. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, KATKOV A. A. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia
Published: December 2022

Distal radioulnar joint instability (DRUJ) is quite common, although can remain asymptomatic for a long time. The correlation between physical examination and x-ray findings remains unclear, as does the predictive power of clinical tests to determine the static and dynamic stability of DRUJ. One of the main obstacles to solving this problem is the lack of alertness at the diagnostic stage — clinical tests during visualization and x-ray of the forearm. Patients often suffer of laxity, instability, pain and limited function in the wrist joint, as a result of undiagnosed instability of the DRUJ. This is a problem that requires complex approach. The aim of this review is to summarize and analyze the data about distal radioulnar joint instability.
Use of xenon in medical practice (literature review)
Authors:   Moscow State Medical and Dentistry University named after A.I. Evdokimov, YARYGIN N. V. , SHOMINA E. A. ,   Moscow State Medical and Dentistry University named after A.I. Evdokimov
Published: December 2022

A promising issue of anesthesiology development in the 21st century is methods of complementary medicine. Its main direction is influencing a human body with physical and chemical properties of simulated respiratory gas mixtures (RGM) based on inert gases-thinners of oxygen having physiological and narcotic activity, i. e. medical gases. Thus, xenon is applied in medicine. Xe (xenon) is a heavy gas, the physical and chemical properties of which improve the function of external respiration: the diffusion coefficient increases, the gas density decreases. It improves the transfer of gas all over the bronchial tree, the diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen in alveolar space, thus improving the gas exchange and acid-base equilibrium of blood. In this review, physical and physiological features of application of medical xenon are considered. Information search was carried out in Scientific Electronic Library, Scientific Central Medical Library, PubMed, and Scopus.
Importance of using scales for assessing condition severe of patients with polytrauma
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, KUKSA D. N. , SOLOD E. I. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, ABDULKHABIROV M. A. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, ZAGORODNIY N. V. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov, LAZAREV A. F. ,   National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov
Published: December 2022

The problem of treatment of patients with multiple and combined injuries remains one of the most relevant in modern medicine. According to modern statistical data, amount of traumas is growing worldwide, and among the able-bodied population polytrauma is one of the main causes for disablement and death. About 5 million people worldwide are injured every year, of which 15–21% have multiple and associated injuries. To improve the quality of medical care for patients with polytrauma and decrease the level of disablement and deaths, it is necessary to study the problem of rendering medical aid to patients with multiple and combined injuries. The purpose — to assess various scales of the condition severity of patients with polytrauma. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 120 patients was carried out, who from 2017 to 2020 were treated at City Clinical Hospital named after A.K. Eramishantsev, of them 66 (55%) women and 54 (45%) men. The age group was 25–75 years old. Results. One of the most adequate methods of assessing the condition severity of patients with polytrauma is a score-based approach, which allows determining the correct treatment tactics. Correct treatment tactics can reduce the time of disability, mortality and disability of patients. In modern traumatology and orthopedics, ISS scale is considered the «gold standard» for assessing the condition severity, but many doctors and authors mark that this scale is insufficiently informative. Our comparative analysis revealed that the NISS scale has greater accuracy in predicting mortality than ISS, especially in critical patients and patients with blunt trauma. Conclusion. A clear definition of the polytrauma concept with a single score assessment system for assessing the condition severity will allow to standardize treatment tactics, conduct an adequate comparative analysis of treatment results, objectively resolve issues of organization and financial provision of medical care to seriously injured patients, improve the quality of medical care, reduce mortality and disability of the able-bodied population, and provide full recovery and return to normal standard of living. The creation of a unified assessment system is difficult, which is associated with the polyphocality of injuries. We believe that further in-depth studies of patients with multiple and combined trauma are needed to develop modern guidelines and clinical recommendations, as well as a unified single-score assessment system.
Principles of constructing active orthoses of upper extremity in flaccid paralyses
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrekht, NIKOLAYEV V. F. , BELYANIN O. L. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrekht, BOLSHAKOV V. A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrekht, BUROV G. N. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrekht, DROBAKHA A. S. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrekht
Published: December 2022

The purpose — to identify the cardinal principles of constructing active ortheses of a hand for self-service of invalids with different forms of flaccid paresis and paralyses. Material and methods. Based on the analysis of literature sources (276 neurological and 24 orthopedic) and determining the nature of neurological and biomechanical deficit of the upper limb function, we identified breaches of motor synergy during self-service test in 31 invalids with different forms and degrees of flaccid paresis and paralyses of the upper limb. The minimum group of operations and actions in vital activity was identified, which provides independent existence of an invalid. Accessibility of operations was researched on a stand-simulator of loads estimating the possibility (0; 1) and quality of their execution with scores 0 to 5. The parametric criteria of the action quality were: zonal reachability of the object (± Z), developed dinamometric effort of the hand (FN) and control cost (+ U) measured by the excess length of motion (+ ΔL). The execution time Ts was measured with a stopwatch. The efficiency of operations and actions was estimated with the standards of their structures and execution time. Electroactivity of the intact muscles was registered with a reference pattern: from the trapezium muscle to thenar and hypothenar of the hand. The structure? Amplitude and capacity of EMG were measured. Results. Active orthoses are divided into groups according to the preservation of the shoulder girdle, the forearm and the wrist muscles and the corresponding joints. Depending on the level of the lesion, either the hand grasping and holding and motor skills are disrupted, with a relatively preserved ability to manipulate the arm, or, conversely, the ability to manipulate the arm decreases with the preserved function of the hand grip. The reductions in the estimated parameters are very diverse for the disabled people. The electroactivity of the preserved muscles in paresis is destructive, but it is sufficient in capacity and can be used to control the active orthosis of the hand. Conclusions. The formulated seven principles make it possible to build an individual active orthosis of the upper limb for various types of flaccid paresis. The electroactivity of the preserved hand muscles is destructive, but sufficient in power and can be used to control the active orthosis. Using signals from other muscle groups is laborious and ineffective.
Interval hypoxic-hyperoxic therapy in complex rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthritis
Authors:   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, ORLOVA E. V. , LYAMINA N. P. ,   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, SKOROBOGATYTH N. V. ,   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, POGONCHENKOVA I. V. ,   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine
Published: December 2022

The purpose — to evaluate the clinical efficiency of the individually dosed interval hypoxic-hyperoxic therapy in the medical rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Material and methods. 68 patients with OA (81% females, aged 44 to 69 years) were included in the randomized controlled study. 35 study group patients received 10 hypoxic-hyperoxic therapy procedures, 33 control group patients – only standard rehabilitation. The study group patients were breathing hypoxic (FiO2 13–15%) and hyperoxic (FiO2 up to 40%) gas mixture through a mask in the interval mode using ReOxy device. The duration of 1–4 procedures was 30 min, 5–10 procedures — 40 min. The patients of both groups underwent a 2-week standard rehabilitation program: 10 group sessions of physical exercises, 10 procedures of magnetic therapy for joints, 10 sodium chloride baths. Results. After 2 weeks, joint pain on a 100 mm visual analog scale in the study group decreased by 54% (p < 0.01), Lequesne index — by 35.7% (p < 0.05), WOMAC index — by 49.6% (p < 0.05), Spielberger — Khanin reactive anxiety test — by 30.1% (p < 0.05), depression symptoms by Beck depression inventory — by 60.8% (p < 0.01). In the study group there were statistically significant differences from the control group in all parameters (р < 0.05). Conclusion. The 2-week rehabilitation program, including interval hypoxic-hyperoxic therapy, reduces pain, depression and reactive anxiety symptoms, improves functional status in patients with OA.
Early revisions of endoprothesis after hip joint arthroplasty
Authors:   Khabarovsk Railway Hospital, RYKOV A. G. , KORSHNYAK V. YU. ,   Khabarovsk Railway Hospital, SCHEBENKOV B. V. ,   Khabarovsk Railway Hospital, KOJEVNIKOVA S. YU. ,   Khabarovsk Railway Hospital, VOLOVIK V. E. ,   Khabarovsk Institute of improvement of professional skill of experts of public health services of Khabarovsk territory
Published: December 2022

An analysis of 1195 total hip arthroplasties was carried out. Of these, revision operations accounted for 13%. In total, 152 revision surgical interventions were performed in the clinic in 2011–2021, of which early (up to 3 weeks) revisions accounted for 15% of all operations. The main reasons for early revision interventions were: hematomas — 57%, dislocations — 17%, poor wound healing — 9%, limb lengthening — 9%. Most of the early complications require surgical aid, and despite the fact that most surgeons are unhappy about early revisions, they should be performed in due time. The availability of modern navigation control systems (image intensifier, ultrasound), the acquisition of sufficient experience by surgeons will reduce the proportion of early revisions. This, in our opinion, will facilitate the work of practical orthopedists engaged in hip endoprosthesis, will help to develop an algorithm for perioperative management after primary endoprosthesis of the hip, outline ways to eliminate inevitable complications, and facilitate the work of a surgeon during revision operations.
Colostomy Closure in Pediatric Age Group: Analysis Of Out Come in Single Center Exp erience
Authors: Qatia Hassan K,
Published: December 2022

Background: Closure colostomy is a common procedure in the pediatric surgical practice, considered a major one because it involves anastomosis of the large bowel, and requires strict bowel preparation and prophylactic antibiotics. It’s the last event in the management of some pediatric surgical conditions, as Hirschsprung’s disease and anorectal malformations.Objectives: To evaluate the complications of colostomy closure in pediatric patients.Patients and methods: A total of 106 patients underwent colostomy closure were enrolled in this prospective study conducted in Welfare Teaching Hospital in Medical City Complex, from October 2015 to January 2017, were reviewed looking for complications following closure colostomy. Data were collected including age, gender, indication of colostomy, type and location of colostomy, presence of stoma complication, and presence of associated anomalies. Details of colostomy closure, including pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative variables were recorded.Results: Of 106 patients included, there were 38(35.8%) females and 68(64.2%) males, with an average age of 2.4 years. Indications for colostomy were Hirschsprung’s disease 58(54.7%) and anorectal malformations 48(45.3%). The site of colostomy was transverse colon 54(50.9%), and sigmoid colon 52(49.1%). The type of colostomy was divided 8(7.5%) and loop 98(92.5%). Forty-eight patients (45.3%) developed complications; the most common being wound infection 30 (28.3%), followed by fecal fistula 6 (5.7%), wound dehiscence 4 (3.8%), adhesive intestinal obstrution 4 (3.8%) and incisional hernia 4 (3.8%).Conclusion: Closure colostomy is a high morbidity procedure. With morbidity rate of 45.3%, the highest complications were wound infection.Keywords: Hirschsprung’s disease (HD), Anorectal malformation (AM)
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Effects of Arthrospira platensis-derived phycocyanin on blood cells1
Authors: Jung F. , Krüger-Genge A. , Köhler S. , Mrowietz C. , Küpper J.-H. , Braune S.
Published: December 2022

The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (AP) is a natural source of considerable amounts of ingredients that are relevant for nutra- and pharmaceutical uses. Beyond its nutritionally valuable components, such as carbohydrates, minerals, and proteins, bioactive ingredients extracted from AP have been studied for their therapeutical values.
Wireless handheld focused ultrasound in student teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic: Initial results of a pilot study1
Authors: Kaiser Ulrich , Dropco Ivor , Reuthner Kathrin , Ertl Michael , Schlitt Hans Jürgen , Herr Wolfgang , Stroszczynski Christian , Jung Ernst Michael
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to investigate the use of a novel device, the Vscan Air™, for rapidly and effectively performing ultrasound in student teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of the ultrasound practical course with integrated hands-on activity required by the regular medical curriculum, 100 medical students were instructed in the use of the Vscan Air™, including duplex mode. They then evaluated the quality of the ultrasound images obtained by the Vscan Air™ from previously selected organs. RESULTS: 100 students were interviewed (female n = 68, male n = 32; age >18 years n = 100). The rated image quality never fell below a mean of 3 for the examined organs and portal vein flow (liver 4,58; spleen 3,99; kidneys 4,29; aorta 4,16; Douglas/rectovesical space 4,14; portal vein 4,43; pancreas 3,53; Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma 4,38). Scores below 3 were found sporadically in ultrasounds of the spleen (n = 4), kidneys (n = 3), Douglas/rectovesical space (n = 2), and pancreas (n = 15). The liver was rated the lowest for 59 ratings. The portal vein was evaluated in 68 cases. The hepatic artery and hepatic veins could be also visualized in all 68 examinations. The aorta was evaluated in 62 cases. CONCLUSION: The Vscan Air™ technology offered adequate image quality and provided a new, fast and patient-oriented technique to support continuous ultrasound examinations and education of students, especially during a pandemic. Particularly noteworthy is the uncomplicated compliance with the required high level of hygiene.
What explains the degree of e-participation? A comparison of the adoption of digital participation platforms in Oslo, Melbourne and Madrid
Authors: Legard Sveinung , McShane Ian , Ruano José Manuel
Published: December 2022

E-participation research has mainly been concerned with the spread of e-participation technologies, but less with why some government organizations choose to use digital tools to consult citizens (e-consultation) whereas others go further and include them in the decision-making processes (e-decision making). This article is an in-depth, comparative case-study of the adoption of e-participation platforms in Oslo, Melbourne and Madrid, and develops an alternative explanatory framework using theories of institutional entrepreneurship and change. It shows that conventional adoption theory – focusing on resource slack, socio-economic development, competition and top-down mandates – is not able to account for the differences between these cases, and argues that the degree of e-participation should be understood as an outcome of the type and agenda of change agents, the level of institutional discretion, the strength of institutional defenders, and the resources of the change agents.
Modifiable Lifestyle Activities Affect Cognition in Cognitively Healthy Middle-Aged Individuals at Risk for Late-Life Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Heneghan Amy , Deng Feng , Wells Katie , Ritchie Karen , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Ritchie Craig W. , Lawlor Brian , Naci Lorina
Published: December 2022

Background: It is now acknowledged that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) processes are present decades before the onset of clinical symptoms, but it remains unknown whether lifestyle factors can protect against these early AD processes in mid-life. Objective: We asked whether modifiable lifestyle activities impact cognition in middle-aged individuals who are cognitively healthy, but at risk for late life AD. Participants (40–59 years) completed cognitive and clinical assessments at baseline (N = 206) and two years follow-up (N = 174). Methods: Mid-life activities were measured with the Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire. We assessed the impact of lifestyle activities, known risk factors for sporadic late-onset AD (Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele status, family history of dementia, and the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Aging and Dementia score), and their interactions on cognition. Results: More frequent engagement in physically, socially, and intellectually stimulating activities was associated with better cognition (verbal, spatial, and relational memory), at baseline and follow-up. Critically, more frequent engagement in these activities was associated with stronger cognition (verbal and visuospatial functions, and conjunctive short-term memory binding) in individuals with family history of dementia. Impaired visuospatial function is one of the earliest cognitive deficits in AD and has previously associated with increased AD risk in this cohort. Additionally, conjunctive memory functions have been found impaired in the pre-symptomatic stages of AD. Conclusion: These findings suggest that modifiable lifestyle activities offset cognitive decrements due to AD risk in mid-life and support the targeting of modifiable lifestyle activities for the prevention of AD.
Insights into the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease and Potential Therapeutic Targets: A Current Perspective
Authors: Rajah Kumaran Kesevan , Yunusa Suleiman , Perimal Enoch , Wahab Habibah , Müller Christian P. , Hassan Zurina
Published: December 2022

The aging population increases steadily because of a healthy lifestyle and medical advancements in healthcare. However, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is becoming more common and problematic among older adults. AD-related cases show an increasing trend annually, and the younger age population may also be at risk of developing this disorder. AD constitutes a primary form of dementia, an irreversible and progressive brain disorder that steadily damages cognitive functions and the ability to perform daily tasks. Later in life, AD leads to death as a result of the degeneration of specific brain areas. Currently, the cause of AD is poorly understood, and there is no safe and effective therapeutic agent to cure or slow down its progression. The condition is entirely preventable, and no study has yet demonstrated encouraging findings in terms of treatment. Identifying this disease’s pathophysiology can help researchers develop safe and efficient therapeutic strategies to treat this ailment. This review outlines and discusses the pathophysiology that resulted in the development of AD including amyloid-β plaques, tau neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, glutamate excitotoxicity, and changes in neurotrophins level may sound better based on the literature search from Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Potential therapeutic strategies are discussed to provide more insights into AD mechanisms by developing some possible pharmacological agents for its treatment.
Association of Aspirin Use with Reduced Risk of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease in Elderly Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gorenflo Maria P. , Davis Pamela B. , Kendall Ellen K. , Olaker Veronica R. , Kaelber David C. , Xu Rong
Published: December 2022

Background: Currently there are no effective therapies to prevent or halt the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Multiple risk factors are involved in AD, including ischemic stroke (IS). Aspirin is often prescribed following IS to prevent blood clot formation. Observational studies have shown inconsistent findings with respect to the relationship between aspirin use and the risk of AD. Objective: To investigate the relationship between aspirin therapy after IS and the new diagnosis of AD in elderly patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study leveraged a large database that contains over 90 million electronic health records to compare the hazard rates of AD after IS in elderly patients prescribed aspirin versus those not prescribed aspirin after propensity-score matching for relevant confounders. Results: At 1, 3, and 5 years after first IS, elderly patients prescribed aspirin were less likely to develop AD than those not prescribed aspirin: Hazard Ratio = 0.78 [0.65,0.94], 0.81 [0.70,0.94], and 0.76 [0.70,0.92]. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that aspirin use may prevent AD in patients with IS, a subpopulation at high risk of developing the disease.
The innovation and development of university international trade teaching reform under the background of big data
Authors: Li Bin
Published: December 2022

The rapid development of information technology is changing people’s social life all the time. The big data that entered people’s vision in the new century, after just over ten years of development, has penetrated into everywhere of social life. People have unconsciously used big data analysis as the main research reference in the research of various activities. The development of this research is also based on this currently most popular model. Use big data integration to analyze the challenges and opportunities faced by colleges and universities in international trade teaching. In order to better understand the status quo, this study uses a combination of questionnaire surveys and interview methods to grasp the opinions of students of the major on teaching development using questionnaire survey methods, and use interview methods to understand the impressions and actual needs of some foreign trade enterprises on graduates. Then, based on the analysis of the current situation, the existing problems and the countermeasures to be solved are found. The study found that in the context of big data, international trade students pay more attention to the practical value of the knowledge they have learned and the improvement of their own employability, which is also the ability that foreign trade companies look to professional talents most. Therefore, our teaching in the new era should firmly focus on both to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of innovative work. The development of this research will help to effectively promote the reform of the international trade curriculum system, and to study it in the context of the development of cross-border e-commerce will highlight the practical significance of the curriculum reform.
Selection and study of fuzzy semantics in machine translation
Authors: Wang Yungang
Published: December 2022

In daily life, English is increasingly used in various scenarios, and the technology of translation using machines and others is gradually maturing, but there are still cases of inaccurate translation. To enhance translation’s accuracy, this study optimizes the method of fuzzy semantic selection, and then optimizes the method of domain analysis combined with neural networks to improve the accuracy of machine translation in different domains. The accuracy of the optimized neural network tends to be stable when the number of iterations is 15, the accuracy is 0.96, the accuracy of the traditional neural network is 0.91, and RNN is 0.82. Compared with the benchmark system, the bilingual mapping model has increased by 0.67% in the news field and 0.56% in the education field. The precision, recall and F value of machine translation are 93%, 86% and 0.8 respectively. The comprehensive experimental results show that the selection method based on fuzzy semantics, combined with the domain analysis method of network neural, can remarkably enhance the accuracy.