bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of chromatin accessibility uncovers TEAD1 as a regulator of migration in human glioblastoma
Authors: Tome-Garcia Jessica , Erfani Parsa , Nudelman German , Tsankov Alexander M. , Katsyv Igor , Tejero Rut , Bin Zhang  , Walsh Martin , Friedel Roland H. , Zaslavsky Elena , Tsankova Nadejda M.
Published: September 2018

The intrinsic drivers of migration in glioblastoma (GBM) are poorly understood. To better capture the native molecular imprint of GBM and its developmental context, here we isolate human stem cell populations from GBM (GSC) and germinal matrix tissues and map their chromatin accessibility via ATAC-seq. We uncover two distinct regulatory GSC signatures, a developmentally shared/proliferative and a tumor-specific/migratory one in which TEAD1/4 motifs are uniquely overrepresented. Using ChIP-PCR, we validate TEAD1 trans occupancy at accessibility sites within AQP4, EGFR, and CDH4. To further characterize TEAD’s functional role in GBM, we knockout TEAD1 or TEAD4 in patient-derived GBM lines using CRISPR-Cas9. TEAD1 ablation robustly diminishes migration, both in vitro and in vivo, and alters migratory and EMT transcriptome signatures with consistent downregulation of its target AQP4. TEAD1 overexpression restores AQP4 expression, and both TEAD1 and AQP4 overexpression rescue migratory deficits in TEAD1-knockout cells, implicating a direct regulatory role for TEAD1–AQP4 in GBM migration.
Outward open conformation of a Major Facilitator Superfamily multidrug/H+ antiporter provides insights into switching mechanism
Authors: Nagarathinam Kumar , Nakada-Nakura Yoshiko , Parthier Christoph , Terada Tohru , Juge Narinobu , Jaenecke Frank , Liu Kehong , Hotta Yunhon , Miyaji Takaaki , Omote Hiroshi , Iwata So , Nomura Norimichi , Stubbs Milton T. , Tanabe Mikio
Published: September 2018

Multidrug resistance (MDR) poses a major challenge to medicine. A principle cause of MDR is through active efflux by MDR transporters situated in the bacterial membrane. Here we present the crystal structure of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) drug/H+ antiporter MdfA from Escherichia coli in an outward open conformation. Comparison with the inward facing (drug binding) state shows that, in addition to the expected change in relative orientations of the N- and C-terminal lobes of the antiporter, the conformation of TM5 is kinked and twisted. In vitro reconstitution experiments demonstrate the importance of selected residues for transport and molecular dynamics simulations are used to gain insights into antiporter switching. With the availability of structures of alternative conformational states, we anticipate that MdfA will serve as a model system for understanding drug efflux in MFS MDR antiporters.
Mechanotransduction is required for establishing and maintaining mature inner hair cells and regulating efferent innervation
Authors: Corns Laura F. , Johnson Stuart L. , Roberts Terri , Ranatunga Kishani M. , Hendry Aenea , Ceriani Federico , Safieddine Saaid , Steel Karen P. , Forge Andy , Petit Christine , Furness David N. , Kros Corné J. , Marcotti Walter
Published: September 2018

In the adult auditory organ, mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) channels are essential for transducing acoustic stimuli into electrical signals. In the absence of incoming sound, a fraction of the MET channels on top of the sensory hair cells are open, resulting in a sustained depolarizing current. By genetically manipulating the in vivo expression of molecular components of the MET apparatus, we show that during pre-hearing stages the MET current is essential for establishing the electrophysiological properties of mature inner hair cells (IHCs). If the MET current is abolished in adult IHCs, they revert into cells showing electrical and morphological features characteristic of pre-hearing IHCs, including the re-establishment of cholinergic efferent innervation. The MET current is thus critical for the maintenance of the functional properties of adult IHCs, implying a degree of plasticity in the mature auditory system in response to the absence of normal transduction of acoustic signals.
Multibandgap quantum dot ensembles for solar-matched infrared energy harvesting
Authors: Sun Bin , Ouellette Olivier , García de Arquer F. Pelayo , Voznyy Oleksandr , Kim Younghoon , Wei Mingyang , Proppe Andrew H. , Saidaminov Makhsud I. , Xu Jixian , Liu Mengxia , Li Peicheng , Fan James Z. , Jo Jea Woong , Tan Hairen , Tan Furui , Hoogland Sjoerd , Lu Zheng Hong , Kelley Shana O. , Sargent Edward H.
Published: September 2018

As crystalline silicon solar cells approach in efficiency their theoretical limit, strategies are being developed to achieve efficient infrared energy harvesting to augment silicon using solar photons from beyond its 1100 nm absorption edge. Herein we report a strategy that uses multi-bandgap lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot (CQD) ensembles to maximize short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage simultaneously. We engineer the density of states to achieve simultaneously a large quasi-Fermi level splitting and a tailored optical response that matches the infrared solar spectrum. We shape the density of states by selectively introducing larger-bandgap CQDs within a smaller-bandgap CQD population, achieving a 40 meV increase in open-circuit voltage. The near-unity internal quantum efficiency in the optimized multi-bandgap CQD ensemble yielded a maximized photocurrent of 3.7 ± 0.2 mA cm−2. This provides a record for silicon-filtered power conversion efficiency equal to one power point, a 25% (relative) improvement compared to the best previously-reported results.
Cell-specific proteome analyses of human bone marrow reveal molecular features of age-dependent functional decline
Authors: Hennrich Marco L. , Romanov Natalie , Horn Patrick , Jaeger Samira , Eckstein Volker , Steeples Violetta , Ye Fei , Ding Ximing , Poisa-Beiro Laura , Lai Mang Ching , Lang Benjamin , Boultwood Jacqueline , Luft Thomas , Zaugg Judith B. , Pellagatti Andrea , Bork Peer , Aloy Patrick , Gavin Anne-Claude , Ho Anthony D.
Published: September 2018

Diminishing potential to replace damaged tissues is a hallmark for ageing of somatic stem cells, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we present proteome-wide atlases of age-associated alterations in human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs) and five other cell populations that constitute the bone marrow niche. For each, the abundance of a large fraction of the ~12,000 proteins identified is assessed in 59 human subjects from different ages. As the HPCs become older, pathways in central carbon metabolism exhibit features reminiscent of the Warburg effect, where glycolytic intermediates are rerouted towards anabolism. Simultaneously, altered abundance of early regulators of HPC differentiation reveals a reduced functionality and a bias towards myeloid differentiation. Ageing causes alterations in the bone marrow niche too, and diminishes the functionality of the pathways involved in HPC homing. The data represent a valuable resource for further analyses, and for validation of knowledge gained from animal models.
Genome-wide discovery of somatic regulatory variants in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Arthur Sarah E. , Jiang Aixiang , Grande Bruno M. , Alcaide Miguel , Cojocaru Razvan , Rushton Christopher K. , Mottok Anja , Hilton Laura K. , Lat Prince Kumar , Zhao Eric Y. , Culibrk Luka , Ennishi Daisuke , Jessa Selin , Chong Lauren , Thomas Nicole , Pararajalingam Prasath , Meissner Barbara , Boyle Merrill , Davidson Jordan , Bushell Kevin R. , Lai Daniel , Farinha Pedro , Slack Graham W. , Morin Gregg B. , Shah Sohrab , Sen Dipankar , Jones Steven J. M. , Mungall Andrew J. , Gascoyne Randy D. , Audas Timothy E. , Unrau Peter , Marra Marco A. , Connors Joseph M. , Steidl Christian , Scott David W. , Morin Ryan D.
Published: September 2018

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive cancer originating from mature B-cells. Prognosis is strongly associated with molecular subgroup, although the driver mutations that distinguish the two main subgroups remain poorly defined. Through an integrative analysis of whole genomes, exomes, and transcriptomes, we have uncovered genes and non-coding loci that are commonly mutated in DLBCL. Our analysis has identified novel cis-regulatory sites, and implicates recurrent mutations in the 3′ UTR of NFKBIZ as a novel mechanism of oncogene deregulation and NF-κB pathway activation in the activated B-cell (ABC) subgroup. Small amplifications associated with over-expression of FCGR2B (the Fcγ receptor protein IIB), primarily in the germinal centre B-cell (GCB) subgroup, correlate with poor patient outcomes suggestive of a novel oncogene. These results expand the list of subgroup driver mutations that may facilitate implementation of improved diagnostic assays and could offer new avenues for the development of targeted therapeutics.
Strong coupling and induced transparency at room temperature with single quantum dots and gap plasmons
Authors: Leng Haixu , Szychowski Brian , Daniel Marie-Christine , Pelton Matthew
Published: September 2018

Coherent coupling between plasmons and transition dipole moments in emitters can lead to two distinct spectral effects: vacuum Rabi splitting at strong coupling strengths, and induced transparency (also known as Fano interference) at intermediate coupling strengths. Achieving either strong or intermediate coupling between a single emitter and a localized plasmon resonance has the potential to enable single-photon nonlinearities and other extreme light–matter interactions, at room temperature and on the nanometer scale. Both effects produce two peaks in the spectrum of scattering from the plasmon resonance, and can thus be confused if scattering measurements alone are performed. Here we report measurements of scattering and photoluminescence from individual coupled plasmon–emitter systems that consist of a single colloidal quantum dot in the gap between a gold nanoparticle and a silver film. The measurements unambiguously demonstrate weak coupling (the Purcell effect), intermediate coupling (Fano interference), and strong coupling (Rabi splitting) at room temperature.
Interface dominated cooperative nanoprecipitation in interstitial alloys
Authors: Wang Hongcai , Zhang Xie , Yan Dingshun , Somsen Christoph , Eggeler Gunther
Published: September 2018

Steels belong to one of the best established materials, however, the mechanisms of various phase transformations down to the nano length scale are still not fully clear. In this work, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy is combined with atomistic simulations to study the nanoscale carbide precipitation in a Fe–Cr–C alloy. We identify a cooperative growth mechanism that connects host lattice reconstruction and interstitial segregation at the growing interface front, which leads to a preferential growth of cementite (Fe3C) nanoprecipitates along a particular direction. This insight significantly improves our understanding of the mechanisms of nanoscale precipitation in interstitial alloys, and paves the way for engineering nanostructures to enhance the mechanical performance of alloys.
Engineered mRNA-expressed antibodies prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Tiwari Pooja Munnilal , Vanover Daryll , Lindsay Kevin E. , Bawage Swapnil Subhash , Kirschman Jonathan L. , Bhosle Sushma , Lifland Aaron W. , Zurla Chiara , Santangelo Philip J.
Published: September 2018

The lung is a critical prophylaxis target for clinically important infectious agents, including human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza. Here, we develop a modular, synthetic mRNA-based approach to express neutralizing antibodies directly in the lung via aerosol, to prevent RSV infections. First, we express palivizumab, which reduces RSV F copies by 90.8%. Second, we express engineered, membrane-anchored palivizumab, which prevents detectable infection in transfected cells, reducing in vitro titer and in vivo RSV F copies by 99.7% and 89.6%, respectively. Finally, we express an anchored or secreted high-affinity, anti-RSV F, camelid antibody (RSV aVHH and sVHH). We demonstrate that RSV aVHH, but not RSV sVHH, significantly inhibits RSV 7 days post transfection, and we show that RSV aVHH is present in the lung for at least 28 days. Overall, our data suggests that expressing membrane-anchored broadly neutralizing antibodies in the lungs could potentially be a promising pulmonary prophylaxis approach.
Identification and tunable optical coherent control of transition-metal spins in silicon carbide
Authors: Bosma Tom , Lof Gerrit J. J. , Gilardoni Carmem M. , Zwier Olger V. , Hendriks Freddie , Magnusson Björn , Ellison Alexandre , Gällström Andreas , Ivanov Ivan G. , Son N. T. , Havenith Remco W. A. , van der Wal Caspar H.
Published: September 2018

Color centers in wide-bandgap semiconductors are attractive systems for quantum technologies since they can combine long-coherent electronic spin and bright optical properties. Several suitable centers have been identified, most famously the nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond. However, integration in communication technology is hindered by the fact that their optical transitions lie outside telecom wavelength bands. Several transition-metal impurities in silicon carbide do emit at and near telecom wavelengths, but knowledge about their spin and optical properties is incomplete. We present all-optical identification and coherent control of molybdenum-impurity spins in silicon carbide with transitions at near-infrared wavelengths. Our results identify spin S = 1/2 for both the electronic ground and excited state, with highly anisotropic spin properties that we apply for implementing optical control of ground-state spin coherence. Our results show optical lifetimes of ~60 ns and inhomogeneous spin dephasing times of ~0.3 μs, establishing relevance for quantum spin-photon interfacing.
Universal, high-fidelity quantum gates based on superadiabatic, geometric phases on a solid-state spin-qubit at room temperature
Authors: Kleißler Felix , Lazariev Andrii , Arroyo-Camejo Silvia
Published: September 2018

Geometric phases and holonomies are a promising resource for the realization of high-fidelity quantum operations in noisy devices, due to their intrinsic fault-tolerance against parametric noise. However, for a long time their practical use in quantum computing was limited to proof of principle demonstrations. This was partly due to the need for adiabatic time evolution or the requirement of complex, high-dimensional state spaces and a large number of driving field parameters to achieve universal quantum gates employing holonomies. In 2016 Liang et al. proposed universal, superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates exploiting transitionless quantum driving, thereby offering fast and universal quantum gate performance on a simple two-level system. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a set of non-commuting single-qubit superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates on the electron spin of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond under ambient conditions. This provides a promising and powerful tool for large-scale quantum computing under realistic, noisy experimental conditions.
High Expression of EpCAM and Sox2 is a Positive Prognosticator of Clinical Outcome for Head and Neck Carcinoma
Authors: Baumeister Philipp , Hollmann Alessandra , Kitz Julia , Afthonidou Artemis , Simon Florian , Shakhtour Julius , Mack Brigitte , Kranz Gisela , Libl Darko , Leu Martin , Schirmer Markus A. , Canis Martin , Belka Claus , Zitzelsberger Horst , Ganswindt Ute , Hess Julia , Jakob Mark , Unger Kristian , Gires Olivier
Published: September 2018

Locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have limited prognosis due to frequent treatment failure. Currently, TNM-classification and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are the sole clinical prognosticators of outcome. Tumor heterogeneity and stemness based on epithelial-mesenchymal-transition reportedly associate with therapy resistance. The capacity of epithelial marker EpCAM (EpEX), stemness regulator Sox2 and mesenchymal marker vimentin to predict clinical outcome of HSNCC patients was assessed upon immunohistochemistry staining in two cohorts of HNSCC patients treated with surgery and adjuvant radio (chemo) therapy (n = 94) and primary radio (chemo) therapy (n = 94), respectively. Prognostic values with respect to overall, disease-free and disease-specific survival were assessed in uni- and multivariate cox proportional hazard models to generate integrated risk scores. EpEX, Sox2 and vimentin displayed substantial inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. EpEXhighand Sox2highpredicted improved clinical outcome in the discovery cohort and in the HPV-negative sub-cohort. EpEXhighand Sox2highwere confirmed as prognosticators of clinical outcome in the validation cohort treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy. Importantly, EpEXhighidentified patients with improved survival within the HPV-negative subgroup of the validation cohort. Hence, Sox2highand particularly EpEXhighhave potential as tools to predict clinical performance of HNSCC patients, foremost HPV-negative cases, in the frame of molecular-guided treatment decision-making.
Chromosome 4q25 Variant rs6817105 Bring Sinus Node Dysfunction and Left Atrial Enlargement
Authors: Tomomori Shunsuke , Nakano Yukiko , Ochi Hidenori , Onohara Yuko , Sairaku Akinori , Tokuyama Takehito , Motoda Chikaaki , Matsumura Hiroya , Amioka Michitaka , Hironobe Naoya , Okubo Yousaku , Okamura Shou , Kawazoe Hiroshi , Nishiyama Yukie , Tahara Hidetoshi , Chayama Kazuaki , Kihara Yasuki
Published: September 2018

Genome-wide association studies have reported a strong association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6817105 (T > C) on chromosome 4q25 with atrial fibrillation (AF), but phenotype alterations conferred by this SNP have not been described. We genotyped SNP rs6817105 and examined the relationships among rs6817105 genotype, clinical characteristics, echocardiographic parameters, and electrophysiological parameters in 574 AF patients and 1,554 non-AF controls. Further, multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be involved in atrial remodeling and AF pathogenesis, so we investigated relationships between rs6817105 genotype and serum concentrations of 2555 miRNAs. The rs6817105 minor allele frequency was significantly higher in AF patients than non-AF controls (66% vs. 47%, odds ratio 2.12, p = 4.9 × 10−26). Corrected sinus node recovery time (CSRT) was longer and left atrial volume index (LAVI) was larger in AF patients with the rs6817105 minor allele than patient non-carriers (CSRT: CC 557 ± 315 ms, CT 486 ± 273 ms, TT 447 ± 234 ms, p = 0.001; LAVI: CC 43.6 ± 12.1, CT 42.4 ± 13.6, TT 39.8 ± 11.6, p = 0.030). There were no significant differences between rs6817105 genotype and the serum concentrations of miRNAs. These findings strongly implicate rs6817105 minor allele in sinus node dysfunction and left atrial enlargement.
Author Correction: A Low-Cost Non-explosive Synthesis of Graphene Oxide for Scalable Applications
Authors: Ranjan Pranay , Agrawal Shweta , Sinha Apurva , Rao T. Rajagopala , Balakrishnan Jayakumar , Thakur Ajay D.
Published: September 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
The genetics of university success
Authors: Smith-Woolley Emily , Ayorech Ziada , Dale Philip S. , von Stumm Sophie , Plomin Robert
Published: September 2018

University success, which includes enrolment in and achievement at university, as well as quality of the university, have all been linked to later earnings, health and wellbeing. However, little is known about the causes and correlates of differences in university-level outcomes. Capitalizing on both quantitative and molecular genetic data, we perform the first genetically sensitive investigation of university success with a UK-representative sample of 3,000 genotyped individuals and 3,000 twin pairs. Twin analyses indicate substantial additive genetic influence on university entrance exam achievement (57%), university enrolment (51%), university quality (57%) and university achievement (46%). We find that environmental effects tend to be non-shared, although the shared environment is substantial for university enrolment. Furthermore, using multivariate twin analysis, we show moderate to high genetic correlations between university success variables (0.27–0.76). Analyses using DNA alone also support genetic influence on university success. Indeed, a genome-wide polygenic score, derived from a 2016 genome-wide association study of years of education, predicts up to 5% of the variance in each university success variable. These findings suggest young adults select and modify their educational experiences in part based on their genetic propensities and highlight the potential for DNA-based predictions of real-world outcomes, which will continue to increase in predictive power.
Damping of selectively bonded 3D woven lattice materials
Authors: Salari-Sharif Ladan , Ryan Stephen M. , Pelacci Manuel , Guest James K. , Valdevit Lorenzo , Szyniszewski Stefan
Published: September 2018

The objective of this paper is to unveil a novel damping mechanism exhibited by 3D woven lattice materials (3DW), with emphasis on response to high-frequency excitations. Conventional bulk damping materials, such as rubber, exhibit relatively low stiffness, while stiff metals and ceramics typically have negligible damping. Here we demonstrate that high damping and structural stiffness can be simultaneously achieved in 3D woven lattice materials by brazing only select lattice joints, resulting in a load-bearing lattice frame intertwined with free, ‘floating’ lattice members to generate damping. The produced material samples are comparable to polymers in terms of damping coefficient, but are porous and have much higher maximum use temperature. We shed light on a novel damping mechanism enabled by an interplay between the forcing frequency imposed onto a load-bearing lattice frame and the motion of the embedded, free-moving lattice members. This novel class of damping metamaterials has potential use in a broad range of weight sensitive applications that require vibration attenuation at high frequencies.
Menstrual cycle rhythmicity: metabolic patterns in healthy women
Authors: Draper C. F. , Duisters K. , Weger B. , Chakrabarti A. , Harms A. C. , Brennan L. , Hankemeier T. , Goulet L. , Konz T. , Martin F. P. , Moco S. , van der Greef J.
Published: September 2018

The menstrual cycle is an essential life rhythm governed by interacting levels of progesterone, estradiol, follicular stimulating, and luteinizing hormones. To study metabolic changes, biofluids were collected at four timepoints in the menstrual cycle from 34 healthy, premenopausal women. Serum hormones, urinary luteinizing hormone and self-reported menstrual cycle timing were used for a 5-phase cycle classification. Plasma and urine were analyzed using LC-MS and GC-MS for metabolomics and lipidomics; serum for clinical chemistries; and plasma for B vitamins using HPLC-FLD. Of 397 metabolites and micronutrients tested, 208 were significantly (p < 0.05) changed and 71 reached the FDR 0.20 threshold showing rhythmicity in neurotransmitter precursors, glutathione metabolism, the urea cycle, 4-pyridoxic acid, and 25-OH vitamin D. In total, 39 amino acids and derivatives and 18 lipid species decreased (FDR < 0.20) in the luteal phase, possibly indicative of an anabolic state during the progesterone peak and recovery during menstruation and the follicular phase. The reduced metabolite levels observed may represent a time of vulnerability to hormone related health issues such as PMS and PMDD, in the setting of a healthy, rhythmic state. These results provide a foundation for further research on cyclic differences in nutrient-related metabolites and may form the basis of novel nutrition strategies for women.
Tunable phonon blockade in weakly nonlinear coupled mechanical resonators via Coulomb interaction
Authors: Sarma Bijita , Sarma Amarendra K.
Published: September 2018

Realizing quantum mechanical behavior in micro- and nanomechanical resonators has attracted continuous research effort. One of the ways for observing quantum nature of mechanical objects is via the mechanism of phonon blockade. Here, we show that phonon blockade could be achieved in a system of two weakly nonlinear mechanical resonators coupled by a Coulomb interaction. The optimal blockade arises as a result of the destructive quantum interference between paths leading to two-phonon excitation. It is observed that, in comparison to a single drive applied on one mechanical resonator, driving both the resonators can be beneficial in many aspects; such as, in terms of the temperature sensitivity of phonon blockade and also with regard to the tunability, by controlling the amplitude and the phase of the second drive externally. We also show that via a radiation pressure induced coupling in an optomechanical cavity, phonon correlations can be measured indirectly in terms of photon correlations of the cavity mode.
Partial depletion of CD206-positive M2-like macrophages induces proliferation of beige progenitors and enhances browning after cold stimulation
Authors: Igarashi Yoshiko , Nawaz Allah , Kado Tomonobu , Bilal Muhammad , Kuwano Takahide , Yamamoto Seiji , Sasahara Masakiyo , Jiuxiang Xu , Inujima Akiko , Koizumi Keiichi , Imura Johji , Shibahara Naotoshi , Usui Isao , Fujisaka Shiho , Tobe Kazuyuki
Published: September 2018

Beige adipocytes are an inducible form of thermogenic adipocytes that become interspersed within white adipose tissue (WAT) depots in response to cold exposure. Previous studies have shown that type 2 cytokines and M2 macrophages induce cold-induced browning in inguinal WAT (ingWAT) by producing catecholamines. Exactly how the conditional and partial depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages regulates the cold-induced browning of ingWAT, however, remains unknown. We examined the role of CD206+ M2-like macrophages in the cold-induced browning of WAT using genetically engineered CD206DTR mice, in which CD206+ M2-like macrophages were conditionally depleted. The partial depletion of CD206+ M2-like enhanced UCP1 expression in ingWAT, as shown by immunostaining, and also upregulated the expression of Ucp1 and other browning-related marker genes in ingWAT after cold exposure. A flow cytometry analysis showed that the partial depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages caused an increase in the number of beige progenitors in ingWAT in response to cold. Thus, we concluded that CD206+ M2-like macrophages inhibit the proliferation of beige progenitors and that the partial depletion of CD206+ M2-like macrophages releases this inhibition, thereby enhancing browning and insulin sensitivity.
Extensive Vibrational Characterisation and Long-Term Monitoring of Honeybee Dorso-Ventral Abdominal Vibration signals
Authors: Ramsey M. , Bencsik M. , Newton M. I.
Published: September 2018

A very common honeybee signal is the dorso-ventral abdominal vibration (DVAV) signal, widely accepted as a modulatory signal meaning: “prepare for greater activity”. In this study, using ultra-sensitive accelerometer technology embedded in the honeycomb, we visually confirm the one-to-one relationship between a DVAV signal being produced and the resulting accelerometer waveform, allowing the measurement of DVAV signals without relying on any visual inspection. We then demonstrate a novel method for the continuous in-situ non-invasive automated monitoring of this honeybee signal, not previously known to induce any vibration into the honeycomb, and most often inaudible to human hearing. We monitored a total of three hives in the UK and France, showing that the signal is very common, highly repeatable and occurs more frequently at night, exhibiting a distinct decrease in instances and increase in amplitude towards mid-afternoon. We also show an unprecedented increase in the cumulative amplitude of DVAV signals occurring in the hours preceding and following a primary swarm. We conclude that DVAV signals may have additional functions beyond solely being a foraging activation signal, and that the amplitude of the signal might be indicative of the switching of its purpose.
Engineering functional BMP-2 expressing teratoma-derived fibroblasts for enhancing osteogenesis
Authors: Go Yoon Young , Mun Ji Yeon , Chae Sung-Won , Kim Shin Hye , Song Hoseok , Song Jae-Jun
Published: September 2018

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is considered an effective growth factor for bone formation, and is used for making osteo-inductive scaffolds, but the related clinical investigations have shown low success rates. In this study, we genetically manipulated teratoma-derived fibroblast (TDF) cells by simultaneous introduction of BMP-2 and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) encoding genes. Self-production of BMP-2 in TDF cells strongly enhanced the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, and elevated the mRNA expression of osteogenic marker genes during in vitro osteogenesis. The bone formation volume was also remarkably enhanced in calvarial and femoral critical-size defect models. Ganciclovir (GCV) treatment induced apoptosis in TDF cells co-expressing HSV-tk and BMP-2, implying that HSV-tk suicide gene can modulate the side-effects of stem cell therapy, e.g., development of uncontrollable teratoma and tumor formation. Altogether, our findings revealed a safe and highly efficient technique with potential therapeutic applications for bone regeneration.
Dislocation avalanche mechanism in slowly compressed high entropy alloy nanopillars
Authors: Hu Yang , Shu Li , Yang Qun , Guo Wei , Liaw Peter K. , Dahmen Karin A. , Zuo Jian-Min
Published: September 2018

Crystals deform by the intermittent multiplication and slip avalanches of dislocations. While dislocation multiplication is well-understood, how the avalanches form, however, is not clear, and the lack of insight in general has contributed to “a mass of details and controversy” about crystal plasticity. Here, we follow the development of dislocation avalanches in the compressed nanopillars of a high entropy alloy, Al0.1CoCrFeNi, using direct electron imaging and precise mechanical measurements. Results show that the avalanche starts with dislocation accumulations and the formation of dislocation bands. Dislocation pileups form in front of the dislocation bands, whose giveaway trigs the avalanche, like the opening of a floodgate. The size of dislocation avalanches ranges from few to 102 nm in the nanopillars, with the power-law distribution similar to earthquakes. Thus, our study identifies the dislocation interaction mechanism for large crystal slips, and provides critical insights into the deformation of high entropy alloys.
An open database of productivity in Vietnam's social sciences and humanities for public use
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , La Viet-Phuong , Vuong Thu-Trang , Ho Manh-Toan , Nguyen Hong-Kong T. , Nguyen Viet-Ha , Pham Hiep-Hung , Ho Manh-Tung
Published: September 2018

This study presents a description of an open database on scientific output of Vietnamese researchers in social sciences and humanities, one that corrects for the shortcomings in current research publication databases such as data duplication, slow update, and a substantial cost of doing science. Here, using scientists’ self-reports, open online sources and cross-checking with Scopus database, we introduce a manual system and its semi-automated version of the database on the profiles of 657 Vietnamese researchers in social sciences and humanities who have published in Scopus-indexed journals from 2008 to 2018. The final system also records 973 foreign co-authors, 1,289 papers, and 789 affiliations. The data collection method, highly applicable for other sources, could be replicated in other developing countries while its content be used in cross-section, multivariate, and network data analyses. The open database is expected to help Vietnam revamp its research capacity and meet the public demand for greater transparency in science management.
A near-infrared xanthene fluorescence probe for monitoring peroxynitrite in living cells and mouse inflammation model
Authors: Wu Yongquan , Shi Aiping , Li Yuanyan , Zeng Hong , Chen Xiaoyong , Wu Jie , Fan Xiaolin
Published: September 2018

A novel near-infrared xanthene fluorescence probe for monitoring peroxynitrite in vitro and in vivo.
A triazine-based conjugated microporous polymer composite for magnetic solid phase extraction of 5-nitroimidazoles coupled with UPLC-MS/MS for quantification
Authors: Yang Wei , Wu Xia , Liu Tingting , Wang Ting , Hou Xiaohong
Published: September 2018

A triazine-based conjugated microporous polymer composite for magnetic solid phase extraction of 5-nitroimidazoles coupled with UPLC-MS/MS for quantification.
Nitrogen doped carbon nanocage modulated turn-on fluorescent probes for ATP detection in vitro and imaging in living cells
Authors: Liao Xianjiu , Wu Jing , Du Yan , Peng Wei , Yao Yao , Machuki Jeremiah Ong’achwa , Geng Deqin , Gao Fenglei
Published: September 2018

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage (N-CNC) modulated turn-on fluorescent probes were developed for selective detection of ATP and applied to the imaging of ATP in living cells.
Determination of aluminium phosphide (AlP) in fumigants by ICP OES
Authors: Santos E. J. Dos , Zagonel G. F. , Herrmann A. B. , Fantin E. B. , Sturgeon R. E.
Published: September 2018

A method for determination of aluminium phosphide (AlP) in fumigants by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) is presented.
Glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids correlate with poor prognostic genotypes of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer: global lipidomics analysis
Authors: Hung Cheng-Yu , Chao Angel , Wang Chun-Chieh , Wu Ren-Chin , Lu Kuan-Ying , Lu Hsin-Ying , Lai Chyong-Huey , Lin Gigin
Published: September 2018

Human papillomavirus (HPV), an important causative factor for cervical cancer, alters lipid metabolism.
Intra-individual variance of the human plasma oxylipin pattern: low inter-day variability in fasting blood samples versus high variability during the day
Authors: Ostermann Annika I. , Greupner Theresa , Kutzner Laura , Hartung Nicole M. , Hahn Andreas , Schuchardt Jan Philipp , Schebb Nils Helge
Published: September 2018

Low intra-individual inter-day variance in concentrations of free oxylipins supports the use of fasting plasma for the investigation of oxylipin biology.
sp3 carbon–fluorine bond activation in 2,2-difluorohomoallylic alcohols via nucleophilic 5-endo-trig cyclisation: synthesis of 3-fluorinated furan derivatives
Authors: Fujita Takeshi , Morioka Ryutaro , Arita Tomohiro , Ichikawa Junji
Published: September 2018

Nucleophilic 5-endo-trig cyclisation of 2,2-difluorohomoallylic alcohols was achieved via allylic sp3 C–F bond activation to afford 3-fluoro-2,5-dihydrofurans.
Polyethyleneimine methylenecarboxylate: a macromolecular DTPA analogue to chelate plutonium(iv)
Authors: Lahrouch Florian , Siberchicot Bruno , Leost Laurane , Aupiais Jean , Rossberg André , Hennig Christoph , Den Auwer Christophe , Di Giorgio Christophe
Published: September 2018

Polyethyleneimine methylenecarboxylate (PEI-MC) is explored as a possible new class of macromolecular decorporation agents in case of plutonium contamination.
A new class of N-doped ionic PAHsviaintramolecular [4+2]-cycloaddition between arylpyridines and alkynes
Authors: Mule Ravindra D. , Shaikh Aslam C. , Gade Amol B. , Patil Nitin T.
Published: September 2018

Reported herein, for the first time, is a copper-promoted intramolecular [4+2]-cycloaddition cascade to access ionic N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with tunable emission wavelengths.
Synthesis and thermo-responsive behavior of helical polyacetylenes derived from proline
Authors: Shi Ge , Wang Sheng , Guan Xiaoyan , Zhang Jie , Wan Xinhua
Published: September 2018

Structurally simple, biomass-based helical polyacetylene exhibits an unexpected lower critical solution temperature in an aqueous solution with a narrow phase-transition window and a small hysteresis.
Hierarchically porous UiO-66: facile synthesis, characterization and application
Authors: Hao Leiduan , Li Xiaoyu , Hurlock Matthew J. , Tu Xinman , Zhang Qiang
Published: September 2018

Hierarchically porous UiO-66 (HP-UiO-66) with a particle size of ∼5 nm was synthesized without the use of modulating reagents.
A supramolecular hydrogel for spatial-temporal release of auxin to promote plant root growth
Authors: Chen Yaoxia , Li Xinjing , Bai Jing , Shi Fang , Xu Tengyan , Gong Qingqiu , Yang Zhimou
Published: September 2018

An auxin-based hydrogelator linked by a hydrolysable ester bond enabled spatial-temporal release of the plant hormone and significantly promoted root growth.
Controlling stacking order and charge transport in π-stacks of aromatic molecules based on surface assembly
Authors: Iwane Madoka , Tada Tomofumi , Osuga Takafumi , Murase Takashi , Fujita Makoto , Nishino Tomoaki , Kiguchi Manabu , Fujii Shintaro
Published: September 2018

Rectified charge transport properties were induced by controlling the stacking order of π-stacks of aromatic molecules in a single-molecule scale-junction.
A one-step structure-switching electrochemical sensor for transcription factor detection enhanced with synergistic catalysis of PtNi@MIL-101 and Exo III-assisted cycling amplification
Authors: Yu Hua , Zhang Wen , Lv Sicheng , Han Jing , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping
Published: September 2018

We present a new type of PtNi@MIL-101 electrocatalyst and Exo III-assisted cycling amplification for one-step electrochemical detection of NF-κB p50.
A hexadecanuclear silver alkynyl cluster based NbO framework with triple emissions from the visible to near-infrared II region
Authors: Zhang Shan-Shan , Su Hai-Feng , Zhuang Gui-Lin , Wang Xing-Po , Tung Chen-Ho , Sun Di , Zheng Lan-Sun
Published: September 2018

A hexadecanuclear silver alkynyl cluster based NbO framework with triple emissions from visible to near-infrared II region.
CGG repeat DNA assisted dimerization of CGG/CGG binding molecule through intermolecular disulfide formation
Authors: Yamada Takeshi , Miki Shouta , Ni Lu , Nakatani Kazuhiko
Published: September 2018

A functionalized CGG/CGG binding molecule incorporating a cysteinylcystein moiety to facilitate dimerization only in the presence of a CGG repeat.
Synthesis of selenocysteine-containing cyclic peptides via tandem N-to-S acyl migration and intramolecular selenocysteine-mediated native chemical ligation
Authors: Shimodaira Shingo , Takei Toshiki , Hojo Hironobu , Iwaoka Michio
Published: September 2018

Cyclic selenocysteine-containing peptides were synthesized via one-pot tandem conversion of N-alkylcysteine-containing selenopeptides.
Analysis and engineering of substrate shuttling by the acyl carrier protein (ACP) in fatty acid synthases (FASs)
Authors: Rossini Emanuele , Gajewski Jan , Klaus Maja , Hummer Gerhard , Grininger Martin
Published: September 2018

Perturbations of domain–domain interactions impact the function of type I fatty acid synthases.
Enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution by intramolecular energy transfer in naphthalimide conjugated porphyrins
Authors: Bodedla Govardhana Babu , Li Lingling , Che Yuanyuan , Jiang Yijiao , Huang Jun , Zhao Jianzhang , Zhu Xunjin
Published: September 2018

Three new isomeric naphthalimide conjugated porphyrins are developed for photocatalytic H2 production. The para-substituted isomer, ZnT(p-NI)PP delivers the highest rate (ηH2) of 973 μmol g−1 h−1 due to the efficient intramolecular energy transfer from the naphthalimide to the porphyrin core.
Unraveling the isomeric heterogeneity of glycans: ion mobility separations in structures for lossless ion manipulations
Authors: Nagy Gabe , Attah Isaac K. , Garimella Sandilya V. B. , Tang Keqi , Ibrahim Yehia M. , Baker Erin S. , Smith Richard D.
Published: September 2018

A new ultrahigh resolution ion mobility platform enables the fast separation and characterization of isomeric glycoforms.
Indirect effect of hydrogen bonds on the magnetic coupling on Mn(iii) dinuclear compounds
Authors: Pagès J. M. , Escriche-Tur L. , Font-Bardia M. , Aullón G. , Corbella M.
Published: September 2018

Hydrogen bonds between the cationic complex and counteranion weaken the antiferromagnetic interaction.
Unique CoS hierarchitectures for high-performance lithium ion batteries
Authors: Lin Weijuan , Huang Yingheng , He Guoqiang
Published: September 2018

Lantern-like CoS hierarchitectures, having a perfect crystal structure, a high specific surface area and lots of nanoscale 3D channels, are synthesized.
Creation of a perovskite LaFeO3 network as photoelectrode material using a salicylate-ligating lanthanum–iron complex precursor
Authors: Manseki Kazuhiro , Amir Amelia , Sugiura Takashi
Published: September 2018

Thermolysis of the heterometal LaFe complex precusor allowed the enhancement of crystal growth to create a LaFeO3 network structure.
Molecular dynamics study on ions and water confined in the nanometer channel of Friedel's salt: structure, dynamics and interfacial interaction
Authors: Wang Penggang , Jia Yuting , Li Tao , Hou Dongshuai , Zheng Qi
Published: September 2018

As a promising layered double hydroxide, Friedel's salt has gained popularity.
Hydration of 3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylglutaric acid with dimethylamine complex and its atmospheric implications
Authors: Han Ya-Juan , Feng Ya-Juan , Miao Shou-Kui , Jiang Shuai , Liu Yi-Rong , Wang Chun-Yu , Chen Jiao , Wang Zhong-Quan , Huang Teng , Li Jie , Huang Wei
Published: September 2018

Changes in temperature affects the distribution of isomers, which facilitates the understanding of new particle formation in the atmosphere.
Fragment and cluster ions from gaseous and condensed pyridine produced under electron impact
Authors: Ribeiro Fabio de A. , Rudek Benedikt , Cerqueira Henrique B. A. , Oliveira Ricardo R. , Rocha Alexandre B. , Rocco Maria Luiza M. , Wolff Wania
Published: September 2018

The ion-distribution from condensed pyridine due to 2 keV electron impact shows hydrogenated fragments and clusters with m/z ≤ 320 u and shifts towards higher masses compared to the gas-phase fragmentation. The formation of a bond between the pyridine and a carbenium ion is crucial for the stability of the selected cluster ions.
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation of the interface behaviour and self-assembly of CTAB cationic surfactants
Authors: Illa-Tuset Sílvia , Malaspina David C. , Faraudo Jordi
Published: September 2018

We study surfactant molecules at interfaces, micelles and their self-assembly with different models (all atomic and coarse grained).
Catalysis and tunnelling in the unimolecular decay of Criegee intermediates
Authors: Burd Timothy A. H. , Shan Xiao , Clary David C.
Published: September 2018

Semi-classical Transition State theory can be applied to catalysed atmospheric reactions, but reaction mode anharmonicity must be treated carefully.
Nuclear quantum effects in the direct ionization process of pure helium clusters: path-integral and ring-polymer molecular dynamics simulations on the diatomics-in-molecule potential energy surfaces
Authors: Suzuki Kento , Miyazaki Takaaki , Takayanagi Toshiyuki , Shiga Motoyuki
Published: September 2018

The ionization dynamics of pure Hen clusters has been theoretically studied using path-integral and ring-polymer molecular dynamics simulations.
Influence of the donor unit on the rectification ratio in tunnel junctions based on donor–acceptor SAMs using PTM units as acceptors
Authors: Souto Manuel , Díez-Cabanes Valentin , Yuan Li , Kyvik Adriana R. , Ratera Imma , Nijhuis Christian A. , Cornil Jerome , Veciana Jaume
Published: September 2018

The changes in the rectification ratio and current density for different donor–acceptor SAMs are explained by significant changes in the electronic and supramolecular structures due to the nature of the donor unit.
Coke distribution determines the lifespan of a hollow Mo/HZSM-5 capsule catalyst in CH4 dehydroaromatization
Authors: Huang Xin , Jiao Xi , Lin Minggui , Wang Kai , Jia Litao , Hou Bo , Li Debao
Published: September 2018

External coke gives rise to a more severe MDA deactivation than internal coke.
Oxidative cross-coupling reaction of catechols with active methylene compounds in an aqueous medium using an AlPO4-supported Ru catalyst
Authors: Maeno Zen , Yamamoto Masanobu , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro
Published: September 2018

A green oxidative coupling reaction of catechols with active methylene compounds was achieved using an AlPO4-supported Ru catalyst, where O2 and H2O were used as the ideal oxidant and solvent, respectively.
Iodine-doped carbon fibers as an efficient metal-free catalyst to activate peroxymonosulfate for the removal of organic pollutants
Authors: Liu Xiudan , Chen Yanchao , Yao Yuyuan , Bai Qinghai , Wu Zhiwei
Published: September 2018

Developing efficient and metal-free catalytic oxidation systems based on PMS activation has become an increasingly important and challenging objective in the environmental catalysis field.
Comprehensive insight into the support effect of graphitic carbon nitride for zinc halides on the catalytic transformation of CO2into cyclic carbonates
Authors: Xu Jie , Gan Yu-Lin , Hu Peng , Zheng Huan , Xue Bing
Published: September 2018

Zinc halides are anchored on a g-C3N4support and efficiently catalyze cycloaddition of CO2with epoxides to cyclic carbonates.
The remarkable promotional effect of Sn on CeVO4 catalyst for wide temperature NH3-SCR process by citric acid-assisted solvothermal synthesis and post-hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Huang Xiaosheng , Zhang Guodong , Dong Fang , Tang Zhicheng
Published: September 2018

A series of CeVO4 catalysts were prepared by citric acid-assisted solvothermal synthesis and hydrothermal methods.
Facile fabrication of direct solid-state Z-scheme g-C3N4/Fe2O3 heterojunction: a cost-effective photocatalyst with high efficiency for the degradation of aqueous organic pollutants
Authors: Wang Junwei , Zuo Xiaojun , Cai Wei , Sun Jinwei , Ge Xinlei , Zhao Hui
Published: September 2018

In situ synthesis of a cost-effective g-C3N4/Fe2O3 hybrid with enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants based on the direct Z-scheme mechanism.
Metal ion coordination enhancing quantum efficiency of ligand phosphorescence in a double-stranded helical chain coordination polymer of Pb2+with nicotinic acid
Authors: Wu Xiao-Shuo , Wang Yi-Xiong , Li Shan-Qing , Qian Yin , Zhai Lu , Wang Xiao-Zu , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: September 2018

A new phosphorescence CP with double stranded helical chains is presented, which emits bright cyan phosphorescence with an amazing quantum yield of 59.4% and shows thermochromic behavior.
Emerging investigators series: revisiting greenhouse gas mitigation from conventional activated sludge and anaerobic-based wastewater treatment systems
Authors: Chen Siming , Harb Moustapha , Sinha Pooja , Smith Adam L.
Published: September 2018

Elucidation of N2O formation mechanisms in aerobic-based wastewater treatment is essential for effective greenhouse gas mitigation, whereas mainstream anaerobic treatment requires improved methane recoverability.
Maternal exposure to an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet decreases mammary cancer risk of female offspring in adulthood
Authors: Li Jiaomei , Li Kelei , Gao Jinlong , Guo Xiaofei , Lu Mengqing , Li Zihao , Li Duo
Published: September 2018

Maternal exposure to n-3 PUFAs has a protective effect on mammary tumor risk of female offspring in later life by influencing epigenetics.
Selective and metal-free oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran over nitrogen-doped carbon materials
Authors: Ren Yongshen , Yuan Ziliang , Lv Kangle , Sun Jie , Zhang Zehui , Chi Quan
Published: September 2018

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials were discovered to be active for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran with the assistance of nitric acid.
Amination of 1-hexanol on bimetallic AuPd/TiO2catalysts
Authors: Ball Madelyn R. , Wesley Thejas S. , Rivera-Dones Keishla R. , Huber George W. , Dumesic James A.
Published: September 2018

AuPd/TiO2bimetallic catalysts, synthesized using controlled surface reactions, exhibit enhanced rates for amination of hexanol using ammonia compared to monometallic Au and Pd catalysts.