bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efek Antipiretika Jus Buah Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) (Studi quasi eksperimentalpre-post designpada mencit yang diinduksi demam dengan penyuntikan vaksin DPT â€“ Hb)
Authors: Rombetasik Matsrial Putra , Nayoan Christin Rony , Danu Sulanto Saleh
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang :Penggunaan obat secara tradisional semakin disukai karena pada umumnya tidakmenimbulkan efek samping seperti halnya obat-obatan dari bahan kimia, dan terdapat banyak tanaman obat yang ada di Indonesia yang belum dimanfaatkan, misalnyaMentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)adalah salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat sebagai antipiretik, kecantikan, memperlancar buang air kecil, mengobati pasien hipertensi, sariawan, tifus dan diare. Mentimun belum diteliti secara klinis.

Tujuan :Mengetahui efek antipiretik jus buah mentimun ( cucumis sativus L.) pada mencit yang diinduksi demam dengan penyuntikan vaksin DPT-Hb

Material dan metode : 55 ekor mencit diinduksi demam dengan menyuntikkan 0,3 mL vaksin DPT-Hb 240 menit sebelum percobaan dan diukur suhunya setiap 15 menit selama 120 menit.Secara random binatang percobaan dibagi 5 kelompok, tiap kelompok terdiri dari 11 mencit (kelompok kontrol - demam tanpa perlakuan), aquadest (demam + air) dan 3 kelompok perlakuan dengan jus buah mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.) dosis bertingkat yaitu 0.25 ml, 0.5 ml, dan 1 ml.Selama periode tersebut dilakukan pengukuran suhu per rektal secara berkala.

Hasil: Diperoleh nilai signifikansi antara kelompok kontrol dan aquadest lebih besar dari 0,05 (p>0.05) yang berarti aquadest tidak memiliki efek antipiretik. Sedangkan nilai signifikansi antara kelompok kontrol dengan pemberian jus buah mentimun dalam tiga dosis lebih kecil dari 0,05Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  (p < 0,05 ) yang berarti jus mentimun memiliki efek antipiretik.

Kesimpulan: jus buah mentimun memiliki efek antipiretik pada mencit yang diinduksi demam dengan penyuntikan vaksin DPT-Hb.

Kata kunci : antipiretik, vaksin DPT Hb, mencit, demam, jus buah mentimunÂ Â Â  ( cucumis sativus L.)
Gambaran Interaksi Ibu-Bayi Prematur Di Ruang Perawatan Bayi Risiko Tinggi
Authors: Khasanah Nopi Nur , Rutina Yeni
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang:Keterlibatan ibu dalam asuhan perkembangan bayi prematur didukung oleh perawat dengan memfasilitasi serta menilai efektifitas interaksi antara ibu dan bayi.Tujuan penelitian:Menggambarkan karakteristik ibu dan bayi prematur, serta interaksinya.Metode: Rancangan penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 30 ibu dan bayi prematur. Instrumen untuk menilai interaksi ibu-bayi yang digunakan adalah Modified Observation of Communication Interaction.Hasil penelitian:Skor minimal interaksi ibu-bayi sebesar 24 dan skor maksimal 28 dengan nilai skor total 40, sedangkan skor rata-rata dari interaksi ibu-bayi adalah 26 dengan standar deviasi 1,017.Kesimpulan:Peningkatan interaksi ibu-bayi prematur perlu dilakukan untuk mendukung asuhan perkembangan di lingkup ruang perawatan bayi risiko tinggi.Â Kata kunci: interaksi ibu-bayi, perawatan, bayi risiko tinggi
MultipelDural Arteriovenous Fistula (dAVF) sebagai komplikasiCerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) : Laporan Kasus
Authors: Kristiani Vivi , Andhitara Yovita , Ardhini Rahmi
Published: September 2019

LATAR BELAKANG:Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) adalah penyakit yang jarang dikenali sehingga terlambat ditangani dan mengakibatkan komplikasi.1,2Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) adalah fistula yang menghubungkan cabang arteri dural dengan vena dural. DAVF salah satu komplikasi pada kasus CVSTkronis, yang jarang ditemukan dan memiliki resiko tinggi terjadinya defisit neurologis maupun kematian.3Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) merupakan gold standard diagnosis fistula.3,4 Tujuan dari studi kasus ini untuk mengetahui komplikasi CVST dan penegakkan diagnosis dengan DSA.KASUS:Seorang wanita, usia 39 tahun dengan keluhan nyeri kepala kronis, pandangan mata kabur dan tinnitus telinga kiri selama 6 bulan. Pasien memiliki riwayat hipertensi dan penggunaan KB hormonal (pil esterogen). Pasien sadar penuh,disfungsi N II bilateral, motorik dan sensorik dalam batas normal. Pada pemeriksaan funduskopi didapatkan atrofi papil N II bilateral. Hasil Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) didapatkan gambaran empty sella tursica, tak tampak infark, perdarahan maupun Space Occupying Lession(SOL) intrakranial. Hasil DSA menunjukkan trombus yang menyebabkan oklusi parsial pada sepertiga anterior Sinus Sagitalis Superior, Sinus Cavernosus kanan kiri, trombus yang menyebabkan oklusi total Sinus Sigmoideus kiri, dengandAVF intrakranial multipel, Cognard tipe I dan IIa. Pasien diterapi dengan antikoagulan (Class IIa;Level of Evidence B) dan diprogramkan embolisasi dAVF.KESIMPULAN:Cephalgia kronis, tinnitus dan disfungsi N II bilateral merupakan gejala klinis dari CVST.DAVF sebagai komplikasi CVST kronis ditegakkan melalui pemeriksaan DSA, yang harus segera ditindaklanjuti untuk mencegah perburukan klinis.Kata Kunci: cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, dural arteriovenous fistula, digital subtraction angiography
Hubungan Kadar Tsh Dan Ft4 Terhadap Koagulasi Darah Yang Dinilai Dengan Ppt Dan Pttk Pada Pasien Hipertiroid
Authors: . Irenne , Suromo Lisyani Budipradigdo
Published: September 2019

Pendahuluan: Gangguan pada fungsi tiroid diketahui mempunyai pengaruh terhadap sistem koagulasi.Kondisi hipertiroid diamati mengalami peningkatan kadar von Willrbrand (vWF) dan fibrinogen. Penelitian mengenai hubungan thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) dan free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) terhadap faktor koagulasi pada kondisi hipertiroid pernah diteliti tetapi terdapat perbedaan hasil dan terdapat kesenjangan antara teori dan praktik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan TSH dan FT4 terhadap nilai plasma prothrombin time (PPT) dan partial thromboplastin time with kaolin (PTTK) pada pasien hipertiroid.Metode : Empat puluh dua pasien hipertiroid yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2016di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Desain penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan belah lintang. TSH dan FT4diukur menggunakan metode ELFA, PPT dan PTTK diukur menggunakan alat hematologi analyzer. Uji normalitas Saphiro-Wilk test dan uji korelasi TSH, FT4, PPT, dan PTTK menggunakan Spearman test.Hasil: Analisis korelasi terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar TSH dan PPT (p = 0.023; r = 0.35). Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar TSH dan FT4 (p = 0.908; r = -0.018), TSH dan PTTK (p = 0.165; r = 0.218), FT4 dan PPT (p = 0.164; r = 0.219), FT4 dan PTTK (p = 0.485; r = -0.111) pada pasien hipertiroid.Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan positif lemah antara TSH dan PPT. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara TSH dan FT4, TSH dan PTTK, dan FT4 terhadap PPT dan PTTK. Dibutuhkan penelitian kohort pada pasien hipertiroid dengan terapi untuk membuktikan apakah hormon tiroid mempunyai hubungan dengan perubahan koagulasi.Â Kata kunciHipertiroid, TSH, FT4, PPT, PTTK
Perbaikan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Disfagia Orofaringeal
Authors: Cahyani Nastiti Dwi , . Muyassaroh
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang: Disfagia merupakan gangguan transportasi atau asupan makanan dari mulut ke perut. Disfagia berdampak buruk pada kualitas hidup. Tujuan penulisan laporan kasus ini adalah mengetahui perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien disfagia orofaringeal setelah dilakukan latihan menelanLaporan kasus: Dilaporkan seorang laki-laki usia 65 tahun dengan kesulitan menelan secara tiba-tiba. Pasien didiagnosis dengan disfagia orofaringeal et causa neurogenic (stroke), diprogramkan 8 kali terapi penelanan. Penilaian kualitas hidup dengan kuesioner Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) dilakukan sebelum dan setelah 4 kali terapi, didapatkan penurunan skor dari 39 menjadi 17.Pembahasan : Disfagia adalah kondisi umum yang sering mengikuti berbagai kelainan neurogenik. Rehabilitasi penelanan dengan menggunakan neuromuscular electrical stimulus (NMES) dan oromotor exercise. Stimulasi NMES bertujuan memperkuat otot-otot menelan dengan merangsang jalur sensorik yang relevan. Oromotor exercise dilakukan dengan compensatory postural, thermal tactile stimulation, sensory enhancement. Penilaian kualitas hidup terkait disfagia orofaring dapat menggambarkan yang dirasakan seseorang dan interpretasi persepsi berbagai tahap perawatan. EAT-10 sebagai alat penilaian diri yang valid dan solid.Kesimpulan :. Didapatkan perbaikan kualitas hidup pasien dengan disfagia orofaringeal et causa neurogenic setelah dilakukan 4 kali terapi.Kata kunci : Disfagia orofaringeal, kualitas hidup, terapi penelanan, EAT-10
Hubungan korioamnionitis dengan Asfiksia Neonatus pada kehamilan dengan ketuban pecah dini.
Authors: Rif'ati Naura Laras , Kristanto Herman , Wijayati Putri Sekar , Arkhaesi Nahwa
Published: September 2019

Latar Belakang:KPD merupakan masalah penting yang dapat menempatkan ibu dan anak pada risiko infeksi. Infeksi sekunder secara asenderen dapat terjadi pada KPD yang kemudian dapat menyebabkanÂ  desiduitis, korioamnionitis ataupun infeksi pada janin. Korioamnionitis dapat dikaitkan dengan rendahnya kesejahteraan bayi saat lahir yang dinilai dengan skor APGAR, kebutuhan untuk resusitasi pada saat kelahiran, dan kejang neonatal.Â Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan korioamnionitis dengan Asfiksia Neonatus pada kehamilan dengan ketuban pecah dini.Â Metode:Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational dengan desain belah lintang. Subyek penelitian adalah 31 ibu hamil dengan KPD disertai korioamnionitis yang melahirkan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi dan rumah sakit jejaring pendidikan pada Februari â€“ Juni 2017 yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling.Terhadap subjek penelitian dilakukan pengambilan data identitas, karakteristik obstetri dan skor APGAR, lalu diambil sampel kulit ketuban untuk diperiksa adanya korioamnionitis secara histopatologis.Uji statistik menggunakan Uji Gamma.Â Hasil: Dari seluruh subjek penelitian, 71% (n=22) pasien KPD mengalami korioamnionitis sedangkan 29% (n=9) lainnya tidak mengalami korioamnionitis. Sebesar 100% pasien tidak memiliki bayi asfiksia pada korioamnionitis tingkat 1 (n=2) dan tingkat 2 (n=1). Pada korioamnionitis tingkat 3, sebesar 91,7% (n=11) pasien tidak memiliki bayi asfiksia dan 8,3% (n=1) pasien memiliki bayi asfiksia ringan-sedang. Pada korioamnionitis tingkat 4, sebesar 85,7% (n=6) pasien tidak memiliki bayi asfiksia dan 14,3% (n=1) pasien memiliki bayi asfiksia berat. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara korioamnionitisÂ  denganasfiksia neonatus dengan nilai p sebesar 0,210 ( p > 0.05).Â Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara korioamnionitis dengan asfiksia neonatus pada kehamilan dengan KPD.Â Kata kunci: Asfiksia Neonatus, Ketuban Pecah Dini, Korioamnionitis
Tatalaksana Laringomalasia Kongenital Derajat Sedang pada Bayi
Authors: . Muyassaroh , Budiarti Rery
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang: Laringomalasia merupakan kelainan laring kongenital yang paling sering. Gejala khas laringomalasia adalah stridor inspirasi. Penatalaksanaan laringomalasia dengan non medikamentosa, medikamentosa dan operatif. Tujuan penulisan kasus ini adalah melaporkanÂ  tatalaksana laringomalasia kongenital derajat sedang pada bayi dengan aspirasi rekuren, sehingga angka morbiditas dan mortalitas menurun.Laporan kasus: Bayi perempuan, usia 2 bulan, konsulan dari bangsal anak RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang dirawat dengan assesment bronkopneumonia riwayat aspirasi rekuren, gizi buruk perawakan normal, dan anemia mikrositik normokromik. Diagnosis Bagian THT adalah laringmalasia kongenital derajat sedang disertai pneumonia aspirasi. Tatalaksanan dengan diit lewat NGT, medikamentosa, fisioterpi, stimulus oromotor. Evaluasi 1minggu mengalami perbaikan, dipulangkan terpasang NGT, diberi obat, edukasi, fisioterapi dan latihan stimulus oromotor Bayi. usia 6 bln NGT di lepas. Evaluasi saat pasien berusia 8 bulan, tidak sesak nafas, minum susu dengan dot dan tidak tersedak.Â Pembahasan : Laringomalasia dibagi menjadi derajat ringan, sedang dan berat. Laringomalasia derajat sedang perlu perbaikan gejala dengan memasang NGT untuk diit dan cegah aspirasi. 70% bayi mengalami perbaikan setelah 12 bulan. 28% laringomalasia derajat sedang dapat menjadi laringomalasia derajat berat. Bayi dengan laringomalasia derajat sedang dan saturasi oksigen rata-rata â‰¤ 91% memerlukan terapi operatif (supraglottoplasti). Kasus ini terdiagnosis laringomalasia derajat sedang dengan terapi konservatif membaik dan tidak ada indikasi untuk dilakukan tindakan operatif.Kesimpulan :. Bayi perempuan 2 bulan terdiagnosis laringomalasia derajat sedang disertai aspirasi pneumonia. Di berikan tatalaksana konservatif mengalami perbaikan klinis. Usia 8 bulan tidak sesak, dapat minum dengan baik.Â Kata kunci : Derajat laringomalasia, stridor, tatalaksana
Rasio Netrofil Limfosit dan Limfositopenia Sebagai Penanda Sepsis
Authors: Maqbul Puja Laksana , Leksana Ery , Harahap Muhammad Sofyan
Published: September 2019

Background: The state of sepsis will initially lead to an increase in the number of neutrophils followed by an increase in lymphocytes, a state of sepsis that last longer will cause apoptosis of lymphocytes, so that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio will increase, and absolute limfositopenia will occur which can be used as an indicator of sepsis.

Aim: Knowing the value of RNL and lymphocyte count in patients suspected of sepsis in the ICU Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang 

Methods: This study is a non-experimental diagnostic and cross sectional design with a sample of 30 patients. Blood samples were taken from ICU patients with two or more signs of SIRS and suspected infection  for leukocyte count and blood culture examination, then the data were analyzed using ROC curves.

Result: The source of infection occurred in the digestive tract (43.3%), obstetrics gynecology (23.3%), respiratory tract (16.7%), cerebrovascular (10%) and urinary tract (6.7%). Neutrophils Lymphocytes count ratio has AUC 0,425 (sensitivity 60% and specificity 20%), absolute Limfositopenia has AUC 0,425 (sensitivity 40% and specificity 40%), while the RNL and Limfositopenia has AUC 0.575 (sensitivity 70% and specificity 45%).

Conclusion: Neutrophils Lymphocytes count ratio and absolute Lymphocytopenia can not be used as an indicator of sepsis in ICU’s patients despite having a sensitivity of 70% and specifity 45%.

Keywords: Sepsis, Ratio Neutrophils Lymphocytes, Limfositopenia absolute.

 

Latar Belakang: Keadaan sepsis pada awalnya akan menyebabkan peningkatan jumlah netrofil diikuti oleh peningkatan limfosit, keadaan sepsis yang bertahan akan menyebabkan apoptosis dari limfosit, sehingga rasio netrofil limfosit akan meningkat, dan terjadi limfositopenia yang dapat dijadikan indikator sepsis.

Tujuan: Mengetahui nilai RNL dan hitung limfosit pada pasien dicurigai sepsis di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diagnostik non eksperimental dengan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 30 pasien. Pasien ICU dengan dua atau lebih tanda SIRS dan dicurigai infeksi diambil sampel darah untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan hitung jenis leukosit dan pemeriksaan kultur darah, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan kurva ROC.

Hasil: Sumber infeksi terbanyak terjadi pada traktus digestivus (43,3%), obstetri ginekologi (23,3%), traktus respiratorius (16,7%), cerebrovaskular (10%) dan traktus urinarius (6,7%). Rasio Netrofil Limfosit memiliki AUC 0,425 (sensitivitas 60% dan spesifitas 20%), Limfositopenia absolut memiliki AUC 0,425 (sensitivitas 40% dan spesifitas 40%), sedangkan RNL dan Limfositopenia memiliki AUC 0,575 (sensitivitas 70% dan spesifitas 45%).

Kesimpulan: Rasio Netrofil Limfosit dan Limfositopenia absolut tidak bisa dijadikan indikator sepsis pada pasien-pasien di ICU walaupun memiliki sensitivitas 70% dan spesisifitas 45%.

Kata kunci: Sepsis, Rasio Netrofil Limfosit, Limfositopenia absolut
BROWN-HARLEQUIN BUG (Halyomorpha halys Stål.)
Authors: Skrypnyk N.
Published: September 2019

Goal. To identify the main ways of getting into the country of invasive species brown marble bug Halyomorpha halys Stål.

Methods. Analytical study of information messages to the European and Mediterranean organization of plant protection (of ESR) and data of phytosanitary services of the EU, literary and Internet resources.

Results. Provides information on new economically important species Halyomorpha halys Stål., which is rapidly spreading in Europe. In Ukraine, the marble bug has the status of a quarantine, but there is a risk of further spread. His first appearance on the territory of our country has registered in 2018 Threat of invasive species, a polyphage, which causes significant damage to agricultural, forest and decorative cultures. Pest can cause damage to fruit, berry crops, vineyards, beans, soy, corn, and weeds. The list of host plants includes over 300 species of plants from 49 families, however, the preference for Halyomorpha halys gives the members of the family Rosacea. Danger of falling of the pest in Ukraine of the European countries of planting material, plant products, wood packaging materials, Luggage etc. The absence of natural enemies promotes the active dispersal of the pest. The focus should be directed on the study of natural brown marble bug. The rapid spread of Halyomorpha halys in the EU countries is of great concern to scientists. The experience of foreign scientists shows that effectively regulates its abundance parasitoid Trissolcus japonicas (Ashmead) and entomoparasitic fungus Beauveria bassiana.

Conclusions. There is an active resettlement of the pest in Europe. There is a risk of introduction and spread of the species Halyomorpha halys Stål, is a threat to the country.
VINOS BURYANAMI COMPANY NPK FOR DIFFERENT HUSBAND OF PLANTS OF PROCEED PRTROPODYBNOGO
Authors: Naydenko V. , Moshkivska S.
Published: September 2019

Goal. To establish the factors of negative influence of weeds on plants of culture in the process of their joint vegetation. Task: to determine volumes of absorption of compounds of mineral nutrition by weeds.

Methods. Common and special methods: Field - study of the influence of conditions of cultivation and agro measures on productivity indicators of millet; laboratory - definition of quantitative and qualitative characteristics; statistical - the establishment of mathematical models and statistical dependencies between the investigated factors and processes.

Results On average, over the years of research, weed plants yielded 95 kg / ha of nitrogen for the density of crops of millet, 50 pct/m2, and the increase in the density of cultivated plants to 100-150 pct/m2 contributed to reducing the removal to 45-32 kg/ha . At the same time, the minimum indices of nitrogen weeds planting on the wheat grassland crops were 200 pct/m2 - 24 kg/ha, respectively. The removal of phosphorus at the density of crops of millet crops of 50 pct/m2 was 57,7 kg/ha of phosphorus, and from an increase in the density of cultivated plants to 100-150 pct/m2, the reduction of the removal was reduced to 27.8-19.9 kg/ha. At the same time, the minimum indices of removal of phosphorous weeds by plants on the crops of millet were the density of 200 pct/m2 - 14.4 kg/ha, respectively.

Conclusion. The conducted studies allowed to determine that, on average, over the years, weeds of plants per hundred cubic meters of poppy-stalks produced 109 kg/hectare of potassium, while increasing the density of crops to 100-150 pct/m2 contributed to a decrease in take-off to 51.8 -37.1 kg / ha. At the same time, the minimum parameters of the removal of potassium weeds by plants on millet crops were 200 pct/m2 - 27.2 kg/ha respectively
Influence of pollinators and growth regulators on the development of potato alternaria in the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine
Authors: Bomоk S.
Published: September 2019

Goal. Evaluate the effectiveness of different schemes with the use of isolates and growth promoters separately and in a mixture on different potato varieties on an artificial infectious background of Alternaria spр.

Methods. Field research, small-town. Monitoring the development of alternaria in the vegetative period of potato plants, and the main diseases of the tubers – during the storage of the crop, in accordance with generally accepted methods. The studied varieties – foreign selection  (Carlene, Gala and Riviera). The scheme of the experiment included 9 options: 1- control; 2- Poteitin; 3- Simpto; 4. Masterpiece; 5- Ass-Selective; 6th Masterpiece + Simpto; 7- Masterpiece + Poteitin; 8- Ass-Selective + Simpto; 9- Ac-Selective + Poteitin.

Results. During the years of research, the varieties of Gal and Riviera were less affected by alternatives than the Carlene variety. It was established that the treatment of potato tubers before planting under the combination of the preparations Ac-Selectiv + Simpto increased resistance to alternaria and had a positive effect on all investigated varieties of potatoes, the disease developed from 5,1 to 5,6%, and the distribution from 20,6 to 30,2%.

It was found that potato tubers of the Galа and Riviera varieties in all investigated variants during the harvest were affected by fusariosis (the disease developed from 1,86 to 3,24%) and parasley common (the disease developed from 0,94 to 3,24%).

Potato varieties of Carlena variety were affected by fusariosis, common scab, rhizotoniosis and alternaria. Diseases of Fusariosis and Alternaria have affected tubers in all treatments and controls. The defeat of tubers with fusariosis was 1,88 to 3,24%. The defeat of parasites was from 0,91 to 1,64%. Defeat of tubers by diseases of rhizoctoniosis and alternaria was observed in the variants of the experiment: control, Poteitin, Simpto, Masterpiece and Ass-Selective. Defeat by rhizotoniosis was in the range from 0.50 to 0,90%, alternatively – from 0,50 to 1,0%. The same chemists in combination with growth regulators appeared to be more effective for the Carlene variety, and there were no rhizoctoniosis and alternariae.

Conclusions. The effectiveness of the action against Alternaria spр.. on plants of three varieties and fusariosis, the first common, rhizoctoniosis and alternaria on potato tubers. Continuation of research in 2019 will determine the most effective options for potato processing, which will ensure the high efficiency of protecting plant potato from illness.
Influence of fungicide compositions on efficiency of Fusarium species control and winter wheat productivity
Authors: Schwartau V. , Mykhalska L. , Zozulya O. , Sanin O.
Published: September 2019

Goal. To determine the effectiveness of promising fungicide compositions for controlling the pathogens of fusariosis in seed treatment and their effect on the productivity of winter wheat.

Methods. Field, against the background of artificial infection Fusarium spp. The preparations were used in the treatment of winter wheat seeds of the Smuglyanka variety (BBCH 00) before sowing, and also during the flowering period — VVSN51. Statistical processing of research results was performed by analysis of variance using Excel.

Results. For prolonged protection of the zone of the root system of seedlings of plants, the effectiveness of treating compositions was studied, which include components with a low level of metabolism and apical transport, as well as fungicidal treating agents — derivatives of the class of triazoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, second-generation succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and phenylpyrroles with insecticidal protectants. It has been established that for seed treatment, the use of fludioxonil-based preparations is effective. The level of control of Fusarium pathogens increased with the introduction of a composition of fludioxonil with sedaxan and insecticidal components. Tebuconazole and compositions of tebuconazole with prothioconazole and diphenoconazole are effective for controlling spike fusarium.

Conclusions. The most reliable protection of crops from Fusarium infections is the formation of agrophytocenosis with a low level of infectious background due to the reduction in the rotation of the areas of donor crops Fusarium spp. Minimization of soil cultivation contributes to the spread of pathogens of Fusarium. The key elements for obtaining healthy sowing are the introduction of cultivar-resistant varieties and hybrids resistant to Fusarium spp. And the use of highly effective fungicides and their compositions, including succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, with insecticides during the growing season.
Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe2O3 for all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Shengming , Wang Xuhui , Li Yan , Mu Xuemei , Zhang Yaxiong , Du Jingwei , Liu Guo , Hua Xiaohui , Sheng Yingzhuo , Xie Erqing , Zhang Zhenxing
Published: September 2019

We have successfully prepared iron oxide and nickel oxide on carbon nanotubes on carbon cloth for the use in supercapacitors via a simple aqueous reduction method. The obtained carbon cloth–carbon nanotube@metal oxide (CC-CNT@MO) three-dimensional structures combine the high specific capacitance and rich redox sites of metal oxides with the large specific area and high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes. The prepared CC-CNT@Fe2O3 anode reaches a high capacity of 226 mAh·g−1 at 2 A·g−1 with a capacitance retention of 40% at 40 A·g−1. The obtained CC-CNT@NiO cathode exhibits a high capacity of 527 mAh·g−1 at 2 A·g−1 and an excellent rate capability with a capacitance retention of 78% even at 40 A·g−1. The all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated with these two electrodes delivers a high energy density of 63.3 Wh·kg−1 at 1.6 kW·kg−1 and retains 83% of its initial capacitance after 5000 cycles. These results demonstrate that our simple aqueous reduction method to combine CNT and metal oxides reveals an exciting future in constructing high-performance supercapacitors.
Three Red Suns in the Sky: A Transiting, Terrestrial Planet in a Triple M-dwarf System at 6.9 pc
Authors: Winters Jennifer G. , Medina Amber A. , Irwin Jonathan M. , Charbonneau David , Astudillo-Defru Nicola , Horch Elliott P. , Eastman Jason D. , Vrijmoet Eliot Halley , Henry Todd J. , Diamond-Lowe Hannah , Winston Elaine , Barclay Thomas , Bonfils Xavier , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Udry Stéphane , Twicken Joseph D. , Teske Johanna K. , Tenenbaum Peter , Pepe Francesco , Murgas Felipe , Muirhead Philip S. , Mink Jessica , Lovis Christophe , Levine Alan M. , Lépine Sébastien , Jao Wei-Chun , Henze Christopher E. , Furész Gábor , Forveille Thierry , Figueira Pedro , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Dressing Courtney D. , Díaz Rodrigo F. , Delfosse Xavier , Burke Christopher J. , Bouchy François , Berlind Perry , Almenara Jose-Manuel
Published: September 2019

We present the discovery from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data of LTT 1445Ab. At a distance of 6.9 pc, it is the second nearest transiting exoplanet system found to date, and the closest one known for which the primary is an M dwarf. The host stellar system consists of three mid-to-late M dwarfs in a hierarchical configuration, which are blended in one TESS pixel. We use MEarth data and results from the Science Processing Operations Center data validation report to determine that the planet transits the primary star in the system. The planet has a radius of

, an orbital period of

 days, and an equilibrium temperature of

 K. With radial velocities from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, we place a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.4 

 on the planet. LTT 1445Ab provides one of the best opportunities to date for the spectroscopic study of the atmosphere of a terrestrial world. We also present a detailed characterization of the host stellar system. We use high-resolution spectroscopy and imaging to rule out the presence of any other close stellar or brown dwarf companions. Nineteen years of photometric monitoring of A and BC indicate a moderate amount of variability, in agreement with that observed in the TESS light-curve data. We derive a preliminary astrometric orbit for the BC pair that reveals an edge-on and eccentric configuration. The presence of a transiting planet in this system hints that the entire system may be co-planar, implying that the system may have formed from the early fragmentation of an individual protostellar core.
Single-lined Spectroscopic Binary Star Candidates from a Combination of the RAVE and Gaia DR2 Surveys
Authors: Birko Danijela , Zwitter Tomaž , Grebel Eva K. , Parker Quentin A , Kordopatis Georges , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Freeman Kenneth , Guiglion Guillaume , Gibson Brad K. , Navarro Julio , Reid Warren , Seabroke G. M. , Steinmetz Matthias , Watson Fred
Published: September 2019

The combination of the final version of the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) spectroscopic survey data release 6 with radial velocities (RVs) and astrometry from Gaia DR2 allows us to identify and create a catalog of single-lined binary star candidates (SB1), their inferred orbital parameters, and to inspect possible double-lined binary stars (SB2). A probability function for the detection of RV variations is used for identifying SB1 candidates. The estimation of orbital parameters for main-sequence dwarfs is performed by matching the measured RVs with theoretical velocity curves sampling the orbital parameter space. The method is verified by studying a mock sample from the SB 9 catalog. Studying the boxiness and asymmetry of the spectral lines allows us to identify possible SB2 candidates, while matching their spectra to a synthetic library indicates probable properties of their components. From the RAVE catalog we select 37,664 stars with multiple RV measurements and identify 3838 stars as SB1 candidates. Joining Rave and Gaia DR2 yields 450,646 stars with RVs measured by both surveys and 27,716 of them turn out to be SB1 candidates, which is an increase by an order of magnitude over previous studies. For main-sequence dwarf candidates we calculate their most probable orbital parameters: orbital periods are not longer than a few years and primary components have masses similar to the solar mass. All our results are available in the electronic version.
Mutual Neutralization in Li+−D− Collisions: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Launoy Thibaut , Loreau Jérôme , Dochain Arnaud , Liévin Jacques , Vaeck Nathalie , Urbain Xavier
Published: September 2019

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the mutual neutralization (MN) process in collisions of lithium ions (Li+) with deuterium anions (D−) at collision energies below 1 eV. We employ a merged-beam apparatus to determine total and state-to-state MN cross sections. We perform nuclear dynamics calculations using the multichannel Landau–Zener model based on accurate ab initio molecular data. We obtain an excellent agreement between the experimental and theoretical results over the energy range covered in this work. We show that the basis sets used in the ab initio calculations have a limited influence on the total cross section, but strongly impacts the results obtained for the partial cross sections or the reaction branching ratios. This demonstrates the important role of high-precision measurements to validate the theoretical approaches used to study gas-phase reactive processes. Finally, we compute MN rate coefficients for Li+ + H− and Li+ + D−, and discuss their significance for astrochemistry models.
High-resolution Optical Spectroscopy of Stars in the Sylgr Stellar Stream*
Authors: Roederer Ian U. , Gnedin Oleg Y.
Published: September 2019

We observe two metal-poor main-sequence stars that are members of the recently discovered Sylgr stellar stream. We present radial velocities, stellar parameters, and abundances for 13 elements derived from high-resolution optical spectra collected using the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle spectrograph. The two stars have identical compositions (within 0.13 dex or 1.2σ) among all elements detected. Both stars are very metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −2.92 ± 0.06). Neither star is highly enhanced in C ([C/Fe] < +1.0). Both stars are enhanced in the α elements Mg, Si, and Ca ([α/Fe] = +0.32 ± 0.06), and the ratios among Na, Al, and all Fe-group elements are typical for other stars in the halo and ultra-faint and dwarf spheroidal galaxies at this metallicity. Sr is mildly enhanced ([Sr/Fe] = +0.22 ± 0.11), but Ba is not enhanced ([Ba/Fe] < −0.4), indicating that these stars do not contain high levels of neutron-capture elements. The Li abundances match those found in metal-poor unevolved field stars and globular clusters (GCs) (log ϵ(Li) = 2.05 ± 0.07), which implies that environment is not a dominant factor in determining the Li content of metal-poor stars. The chemical compositions of these two stars cannot distinguish whether the progenitor of the Sylgr stream was a dwarf galaxy or a GC. If the progenitor was a dwarf galaxy, the stream may originate from a dense region such as a nuclear star cluster. If the progenitor was a GC, it would be the most metal-poor GC known.
Resolved and Integrated Stellar Masses in the SDSS-iv/MaNGA Survey. I. PCA Spectral Fitting and Stellar Mass-to-light Ratio Estimates
Authors: Pace Zachary J. , Tremonti Christy , Chen Yanmei , Schaefer Adam L. , Bershady Matthew A. , Westfall Kyle B. , Boquien Médéric , Rowlands Kate , Andrews Brett , Brownstein Joel R. , Drory Niv , Wake David
Published: September 2019

We present a method of fitting optical spectra of galaxies using a basis set of six vectors obtained from principal-component analysis of a library of synthetic spectra of 40,000 star formation histories (SFHs). Using this library, we provide estimates of the resolved effective stellar mass-to-light ratio (

) for thousands of galaxies from the SDSS-IV/MaNGA integral-field spectroscopic survey. Using a testing framework built on additional synthetic SFHs, we show that the estimates of

are reliable (as are their uncertainties) at a variety of signal-to-noise ratios, stellar metallicities, and dust attenuation conditions. Finally, we describe the future release of the resolved stellar mass-to-light ratios as an SDSS-IV/MaNGA Value-Added Catalog and provide a link to the software used to conduct this analysis. (The software can be found at https://github.com/zpace/pcay.)
Resolved and Integrated Stellar Masses in the SDSS-IV/MaNGA Survey. II. Applications of PCA-based Stellar Mass Estimates
Authors: Pace Zachary J. , Tremonti Christy , Chen Yanmei , Schaefer Adam L. , Bershady Matthew A. , Westfall Kyle B. , Boquien Médéric , Rowlands Kate , Andrews Brett , Brownstein Joel R. , Drory Niv , Wake David
Published: September 2019

A galaxy’s stellar mass is one of its most fundamental properties, but it remains challenging to measure reliably. With the advent of very large optical spectroscopic surveys, efficient methods that can make use of low signal-to-noise spectra are needed. With this in mind, we created a new software package for estimating effective stellar mass-to-light ratios

that uses a principal component analysis (PCA) basis set to optimize the comparison between observed spectra and a large library of stellar population synthesis models. In Paper I, we showed that with a set of six PCA basis vectors we could faithfully represent most optical spectra from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey, and we tested the accuracy of our M/L estimates using synthetic spectra. Here, we explore sources of systematic error in our mass measurements by comparing our new measurements to data from the literature. We compare our stellar mass surface density estimates to kinematics-derived dynamical mass surface density measurements from the DiskMass Survey and find some tension between the two that could be resolved if the disk scale heights used in the kinematic analysis were overestimated by a factor of ∼1.5. We formulate an aperture-corrected stellar mass catalog for the MaNGA survey, and compare to previous stellar mass estimates based on multiband optical photometry, finding typical discrepancies of 0.1 dex. Using the spatially resolved MaNGA data, we evaluate the impact of estimating total stellar masses from spatially unresolved spectra, and we explore how the biases that result from unresolved spectra depend upon the galaxy’s dust extinction and star formation rate. Finally, we describe an SDSS Value-Added Catalog that will include both spatially resolved and total (aperture-corrected) stellar masses for MaNGA galaxies.
Evidence for Inside-out Galaxy Growth and Quenching of a z ∼ 2 Compact Galaxy From High-resolution Molecular Gas Imaging
Authors: Spilker Justin S. , Bezanson Rachel , Weiner Benjamin J. , Whitaker Katherine E. , Williams Christina C.
Published: September 2019

We present high spatial resolution imaging of the CO(1–0) line from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array of COSMOS 27289, a massive, compact star-forming galaxy (SFG) at z = 2.234. This galaxy was selected because of its structural similarity to z ∼ 2 passive galaxies. Our previous observations showed that it is very gas poor with respect to typical SFGs at these redshifts, consistent with a rapid transition to quiescence as the molecular gas is depleted. The new data show that both the molecular gas fraction,

, and the molecular gas depletion time,

/SFR, are lower in the central 1–2 kpc of the galaxy and rise at larger radii ∼2–4 kpc. These observations are consistent with a scenario in which COSMOS 27289 will imminently cease star formation in the inner regions before the outskirts, i.e., inside-out quenching, the first time this phenomenon has been seen via observations of molecular gas in the high-redshift universe. We find good qualitative and quantitative agreement with a hydrodynamical simulation of galaxy quenching, in which the central suppression of molecular gas arises due to rapid gas consumption and outflows that evacuate the central regions of gas. Our results provide independent evidence for inside-out quenching of star formation as a plausible formation mechanism for z ∼ 2 quiescent galaxies.
Relationship between the Metallicity of the Circumgalactic Medium and Galaxy Orientation
Authors: Pointon Stephanie K. , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Nielsen Nikole M. , Muzahid Sowgat , Murphy Michael T. , Churchill Christopher W. , Charlton Jane C.
Published: September 2019

We investigate the geometric distribution of gas metallicities in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) around 47, z < 0.7 galaxies from the “Multiphase Galaxy Halos” Survey. Using a combination of quasar spectra from Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/COS and from Keck/HIRES or Very Large Telescope/UVES, we measure column densities of, or determine limits on, CGM absorption lines. We then use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach with Cloudy to estimate the metallicity of cool (T ∼ 104 K) CGM gas. We also use HST images to determine host-galaxy inclination and quasar-galaxy azimuthal angles. Our sample spans a H i column density range of 13.8 cm−2 < 

 < 19.9 cm−2. We find (1) while the metallicity distribution appears bimodal, a Hartigan dip test cannot rule out a unimodal distribution (0.4σ). (2) CGM metallicities are independent of halo mass, spanning three orders of magnitude at a fixed halo mass. (3) The CGM metallicity does not depend on the galaxy azimuthal and inclination angles regardless of H i column density, impact parameter, and galaxy color. (4) The ionization parameter does not depend on azimuthal angle. We suggest that the partial Lyman limit metallicity bimodality is not driven by a spatial azimuthal bimodality. Our results are consistent with simulations where the CGM is complex and outflowing, accreting, and recycled gas are well-homogenized at z < 0.7. The presence of low-metallicity gas at all orientations suggests that cold streams of accreting filaments are not necessarily aligned with the galaxy plane at low redshifts or intergalactic transfer may dominate. Finally, our results support simulations showing that strong metal absorption can mask the presence of low-metallicity gas in integrated line-of-sight CGM metallicities.
Large-scale Maps of the Cosmic Infrared Background from Planck
Authors: Lenz Daniel , Doré Olivier , Lagache Guilaine
Published: September 2019

The cosmic infrared background (CIB) is a powerful probe of large-scale structure across a very large redshift range, and consists of unresolved redshifted infrared emission from dusty galaxies. It can be used to study the astrophysics of galaxies, the star formation history of the universe, and the connection between dark and luminous matter. It can furthermore be used as a tracer of the large-scale structure and thus assist in de-lensing of the cosmic microwave background. The major difficulty in its use lies in obtaining accurate and unbiased large-scale CIB images that are cleaned of the contamination by Galactic dust. We used data on neutral atomic hydrogen from the recently released HI4PI Survey to create template maps of Galactic dust, allowing us to remove this component from the Planck intensity maps from 353 to 857 GHz for approximately 25% of the sky. This allows us to constrain the CIB power spectrum down to ℓ ≳ 70. We present these CIB maps and the various processing and validation steps that we have performed to ensure their quality, as well as a comparison with previous studies. All our data products are made publicly available,4 thereby enabling the community to investigate a wide range of questions related to the universe’s large-scale structure.
Correlation of Long-term Cosmic-Ray Modulation with Solar Activity Parameters
Authors: Caballero-Lopez R. A. , Engelbrecht N. E. , Richardson J. D.
Published: September 2019

In this work, we analyze the long-term cosmic-ray modulation observed by the Hermanus neutron monitor, which is the detector with the longest cosmic-ray record, from 1957 July. For our study we use the force-field approximation to the cosmic-ray transport equation, and the newest results on the mean free paths from the scattering theory. We compare the modulation parameter (ϕ) with different rigidity (P) dependences: P, P
2, and P
2/3. We correlate them with solar and interplanetary parameters. We found that (1) these rigidity dependences properly describe the modulation, (2) long-term cosmic-ray variations are better correlated with the magnitude of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) than the sunspot number, solar wind speed, and tilt angle of the HMF, and (3) the theoretical dependence of the parallel mean free path on the magnetic field variance is in agreement with the modulation parameter and therefore with the neutron monitor record. We also found that the force-field approximation is not able to take into account the effects of three-dimensional particle transport, showing a poor correlation with the perpendicular mean free path.
The Radial Distribution of Dust Particles in the HL Tau Disk from ALMA and VLA Observations
Authors: Carrasco-González Carlos , Sierra Anibal , Flock Mario , Zhu Zhaohuan , Henning Thomas , Chandler Claire , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Macías Enrique , Anglada Guillem , Linz Hendrik , Osorio Mayra , Rodríguez Luis F. , Testi Leonardo , Torrelles José M. , Pérez Laura , Liu Yao
Published: September 2019

Understanding planet formation requires one to discern how dust grows in protoplanetary disks. An important parameter to measure in disks is the maximum dust grain size present. This is usually estimated through measurements of the dust opacity at different millimeter wavelengths assuming optically thin emission and dust opacity dominated by absorption. However, Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations have shown that these assumptions might not be correct in the case of protoplanetary disks, leading to overestimation of particle sizes and to underestimation of the disk’s mass. Here, we present an analysis of high-quality ALMA and Very Large Array images of the HL Tau protoplanetary disk, covering a wide range of wavelengths, from 0.8 mm to 1 cm, and with a physical resolution of ∼7.35 au. We describe a procedure to analyze a set of millimeter images without any assumption about the optical depth of the emission, and including the effects of absorption and scattering in the dust opacity. This procedure allows us to obtain the dust temperature, the dust surface density, and the maximum particle size at each radius. In the HL Tau disk, we found that particles have already grown to a few millimeters in size. We detect differences in the dust properties between dark and bright rings, with dark rings containing low dust density and small dust particles. Different features in the HL Tau disk seem to have different origins. Planet–disk interactions can explain substructure in the external half of the disk, but the internal rings seem to be associated with the presence of snow lines of several molecules.
Effects of Anisotropic Viscosity on the Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei Bubbles in Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Kingsland Matthew , Yang H.-Y. Karen , Reynolds Christopher S. , Zuhone John A.
Published: September 2019

The interaction between jets from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the intracluster medium (ICM) provides key constraints on the feeding and feedback of supermassive black holes. Much understanding about AGN feedback is gained from purely hydrodynamic models; however, whether such an approximation is adequate for the magnetized, weakly collisional ICM needs to be critically examined. For example, AGN-blown bubbles in hydrodynamic simulations are easily disrupted by fluid instabilities, making it difficult to explain the coherence of observed bubbles such as the northwest ghost bubble in Perseus. In order to investigate whether magnetic tension and viscosity in realistic conditions could preserve the bubble integrity, we performed the first Braginskii-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of jet-inflated bubbles in a medium with tangled magnetic field. We find that magnetic tension alone is insufficient to prevent bubble deformation due to large velocity shear at early stage of the evolution. Although unsuppressed anisotropic viscosity in tangled magnetic field can have similar effects as isotropic viscosity, when the pressure anisotropy is bounded by microscopic plasma instabilities, the level of viscosity is substantially limited, thereby failing to prevent bubble deformation as in the inviscid case. Our results suggest that Braginskii viscosity is unlikely to be the primary mechanism for suppressing the fluid instabilities for AGN bubbles, and it remains a challenging task to reproduce smooth and coherent bubbles as observed. Because the dynamical influence and heating of the ICM critically depend on the bubble morphology, our study highlights the fundamental role of “microphysics” on the macroscopic properties of AGN feedback processes.
Partial Stellar Disruption by a Supermassive Black Hole: Is the Light Curve Really Proportional to t−9/4?
Authors: Coughlin Eric R. , Nixon C. J.
Published: September 2019

The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole, and the subsequent accretion of the disrupted debris by that black hole, offers a direct means to study the inner regions of otherwise-quiescent galaxies. These tidal disruption events (TDEs) are being discovered at an ever-increasing rate. We present a model for the evolution of the tidally disrupted debris from a partial TDE, in which a stellar core survives the initial tidal encounter and continues to exert a gravitational influence on the expanding stream of tidally stripped debris. We use this model to show that the asymptotic fallback rate of material to the black hole in a partial TDE scales as ∝ t
−2.26±0.01, and is effectively independent of the mass of the core that survives the encounter; we also estimate the rate at which TDEs approach this asymptotic scaling as a function of the core mass. These findings suggest that the late-time accretion rate onto a black hole from a TDE either declines as t
−5/3 if the star is completely disrupted or t
−9/4 if a core is left behind. We emphasize that previous investigations have not recovered this result due to the assumption of a Keplerian energy–period relationship for the debris orbits, which is no longer valid when a surviving core generates a time-dependent, gravitational potential. This dichotomy of fallback rates has important implications for the characteristic signatures of TDEs in the current era of wide-field surveys.