bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editor's Corner
Authors: Psyck Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

I’m sometimes surprised when and where government information becomes useful. (This won’t surprise anyone who has ever spent any time in the govdocs world, but humor me—this is my column after all.)Recently I found myself in a bar at 7:30 p.m. on a Thursday. Before you start wondering what a wild and crazy life I lead, I was attending a Junior League meeting and we were planning a children’s health fair. We brainstormed ideas and each group came up with a variety of activities to engage kids and help them learn about healthy living. (For context, the focus of the Junior League of Grand Rapids is on improving children’s physical health. Projects range from Wellness Adventure Yards that provide a safe place to play to Kids in the Kitchen, where kids are introduced to healthy foods.)
Digitizing Native American Collections
Authors: Stewart Nora
Published: April 2018

Note from the editor: DttP has been featuring student papers for a number of years at this point—I remember talking about it in my documents class in library school. (For the record, I did not get nominated, which was probably the right choice, even if I did find my paper about the Nuclear Regulatory Commission fascinating.) But as technology changes the work of libraries, so has it changed the products that our students are producing. What follows is an example of a libguide created by a Nora Stewart, student from Emporia State University. Although my presentation of this work is somewhat clumsy, I highly recommend that all of you visit the page (http://libguides.emporia.edu/c.php?g=531631&p=3637209) and look through the resources Nora has collected and placed into context.
ALA Midwinter Meeting Summaries: January 21–23, 2017, Atlanta, GA
Authors: Government Documents Round Table GODORT
Published: April 2018

GODORT Research Round RobinFederal Documents TaskforceInternational Documents TaskforceGovernment Information for Children CommitteeCataloging CommitteeLegislation Committee
Membership Committee Meeting Summary: Sunday, January 22, 8:30-10am
Authors: Government Documents Round Table GODORT
Published: April 2018

The Membership Committee discussed how GODORT can be more effective in outreach, recruitment and publicizing our events, resources and mission.
From the Chair: Who, Me?
Authors: Laster Shari
Published: April 2018

Professional identity is a curious thing. Like many in our line of work, when I’m asked what I do, I often experience a long moment of hesitation. Is my job title enough? Does it explain my work in a way that fits the context of the conversation? What is it about what I do that’s important, or relevant, or interesting, that I want to communicate? What is it that I really do, anyway? I certainly go to meetings and write emails and update my calendar, but what do I accomplish with all of that? And why should it matter to the person who is asking? (I suppose this is why conventional wisdom suggests that starting a conversation by asking someone what they do is one way to have the conversation quickly stall out.)
A Summary of Collaborative Projects Working to Preserve Access to Government Data
Authors: Sare Laura
Published: April 2018

Researchers of varied disciplines use federal information and data on a daily basis. Publically funded information and data are important not only to researchers, but to businesses and state and local governments as well. Recent events have resulted in concerns about the continuing accessibility of federal government information has led to several collaborative projects to preserve government data. This article is a summary of some of these projects, the types of data they collect, and how anyone can provide access to the valuable data.
We Need You! . . . To Become a Preservation Steward: Benefits, Challenges, and Lessons Learned from the Nation’s First Preservation Steward
Authors: Tallman Kathryn
Published: April 2018

In October 2016, the University of Colorado-Boulder (CU Boulder) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO) signed the nation’s first Preservation Steward Memorandum of Agreement (MOA). CU Boulder, the Regional Federal Depository for the state of Colorado, has pledged to retain and preserve three large collections of legislative history: the U.S. Congressional Serial Set, the bound Congressional Record, and Congressional Hearings. In turn, GPO will cover shipping costs to fill collection gaps and facilitate communication between CU Boulder and other libraries that plan to withdraw large runs of relevant documents. The purpose of this article is to provide a historical context for the Preservation Steward agreement, describe how CU Boulder implemented the MOA, and encourage other depository libraries to become Preservation Stewards.
Civil Society and the Open Data Movement
Authors: Church Jim
Published: April 2018

The GODORT International Documents Task Force held a pre-conference at the 2013 ALA Annual Conference in Chicago titled “International Statistics: Helping Library Users Understand the Global Community,”1 with which I was only marginally involved. But I was asked by the committee if it was worth presenting on Nongovernmental Organization (NGO) data, to which I replied it was not: most civil society organizations were not yet in the business of repurposing publicly available data or publishing their own.
Government Information and Linguistic Minorities: A Case Study of Forest Finns in Varmland, Sweden, and Hedmark, Norway
Authors: Smith Deborah A.
Published: April 2018

This paper examines government, library, and archival resources available in a national minority language in two provinces that border each other in Sweden and Norway. Finn’s Forest (Finnskogen), a forested area within the borders of Varmland, Sweden and Hedmark, Norway, was populated through immigration in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries by an ethnic and linguistic Finnish minority (figure 1). The Forest Finns (Skogfinner) minority population became the target of centuries-long forced linguistic and cultural assimilation practices by the Swedish and Norwegian governments.
Public Lessons from Private Laws
Authors: Sinclair Gwen
Published: April 2018

A casual glance at a volume of Statutes at Large reveals that the laws are presented in two sections: public laws and private laws. While most documents librarians are familiar with public laws, so named because they have general applicability, private laws may be less familiar. A private bill, according to Hinds’ Precedents, is “a bill for the relief of one or several specified persons, corporations, institutions, etc., and is distinguished from a public bill, which relates to public matters and deals with individuals only by classes.”1
GODORT Steering Committee
Authors: Psyck Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

Welcome, IntroductionsAdoption of the AgendaAnnouncementsTask Forces/Committees (Chairs)Old BusinessNew Business
DttP Meeting Summaries
Authors: Psyck Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

The GODORT Awards Committee congratulates the winners of its 2017 awards (http://wikis.ala.org/godort/index.php/Announcing_the_2017_GODORT_Awards_Winners):James Bennett Childs Award: Judith RussellProQuest/GODORT/ALA “Documents to the People” Award: Florida State University Libraries Government Documents Depository and Mohamed BerrayBernadine Abbott Hoduski Founders Award: Philip (Phil) YannarellaMargaret T. Lane/Virginia F. Saunders Memorial Research Award: Sarah Potvin and Laura SareNewsBank/Readex/GODORT/ALA Catharine J. Reynolds Research Grant: Hayley Johnson and Sarah SimmsW. David Rozkuszka Scholarship: Stephani RodgersLarry Romans Mentorship Award: Lisa Janicke Hinchliffe
GODORT Program Committee
Authors: Psyck Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

With the dedicated work of the Preservation Working Group, GODORT wasable to present two programs at Annual 2017. The first one, “Government Information Preservation: Collections and Collaboration,” was cosponsored by the Federal Documents Task Force and featured discussions about collaborative approaches to collecting andpreserving government information in all formats. Susanne Caro moderated the discussion, and Anne Harrison (FEDLINK), Roberta Gebhardt (Montana Historical Society), Robbie Sittel (University of North Texas), and James R. Jacobs (Stanford University) presented on projects at the state and national levels.
Picturing the Big Shop: Photos of the U.S. Government Publishing Office, 1900–1980
Authors: Sanders Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2018

Picturing the Big Shop features approximately two hundred captioned photographs from the Government Publishing Office historical photo collection to show “the working life” of the GPO. In focusing on primary sources, it offers a different perspective than that provided in Keeping America Informed (US Government Printing Office 2011, revised 2016), the “official sesquicentennial history” of the GPO. The popularity of the photographs in Keeping America Informed, in fact, led to Picturing the Big Shop’s creation.
A History of the National Park Service: Through the Lens of Legislation
Authors: Boerner Jessica
Published: April 2018

Many are aware of the media blackout that happened earlier this year as President Donald Trump took office. While several governmental agencies where affected, the order given to the Department of Interior, which the National Park Service is under, sparked an unprecedented social media backlash. Social media accounts named Alt National Park Service started popping up on Twitter and Facebook. While there is some question as to whether these social media accounts were actually run by employees of the National Park Service, there is no question that the National Park Service suddenly became major conversation. Whether people saw this as an unwanted act of rebellion, or as the start of a resistance movement to stand behind, the National Park Service was being talked about by many people.
Learning from Historical Documents: A Federal Genealogical Resources Workshop for Middle Schoolers
Authors: Rodriguez Shalyn
Published: April 2018

Much of what makes up family history is first account information from family members. However, the federal government produces a plethora of genealogical documents that can be accessed on a number of government sources to help with researching family history. The tricky part can be finding government sources that are accessible at a middle school level. For this assignment, a workshop will be provided to teach middle school students how to find and utilize government resources while researching their family history for a school project.
When Women Didn’t Count: The Chronic Mismeasurement and Marginalization of American Women in Federal Statistics
Authors: Ireland Sonnet
Published: April 2018

How many women were the head of their households in 1930? How many were single mothers in 1890? Librarians have a desire to answer every question that comes their way, but some questions have no accurate answers. This is especially true of government statistics on women, as Lopresti demonstrates this beautifully in When Women Didn’t Count.
The Data Librarian’s Handbook
Authors: Flash Kenya
Published: April 2018

The Data Librarian’s Handbook begins with an exploration of the need for data librarianship over time, and the evolution that the role has experienced. Highlights of that history include exploring the differences between initial approaches to data curation and preservation by nations, funding agencies, and proprietors of the data.
Editorial: Journal of Intellectual Freedom and Privacy
Authors: LaRue James , Jones Barbara
Published: April 2018

We are so pleased to introduce the first issue of the Journal of Intellectual Freedom and Privacy (JIFP).JIFP is an expansion of The Newsletter on Intellectual Freedom (NIF), published between 1952 and 2015. Ever mindful of serials librarians’ woes, we hereby state that this new publication is a continuation of NIF, but begun over with vol. 1, no. 1. The publication will be online only. For questions on subscriptions, contact Deborah Caldwell-Stone, deputy director of the Office for Intellectual Freedom, at dstone@ala.org.
Librarians’ Activities in Relation to Media Monopoly
Authors: Litwin Rory
Published: April 2018

From the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s, there was a active subgroup of the ALA Social Responsibilities Round Table called the Alternatives in Print Task Force (later the Alternative Media Task Force) that was concerned with the influence of media conglomerates on library collections, as well as on the reading public’s appetite for books and its beliefs about the world. This group (AIP for short) saw media concentration and the market-based media system as an intellectual freedom issue because it effectively limits the diversity of library collections insofar as those collections are shaped by the industry’s marketing efforts and publishing choices.
Reviews
Authors: Zimmer Michael , Guthro Clem , Garnar Martin
Published: April 2018

Intellectual Privacy: Rethinking Civil Liberties in the Digital AgeCtrl+Z: The Right to Be ForgottenWhere Are All the Librarians of Color? The Experiences of People of Color in Academia
Professional Principles and Ethics in LIS Graduate Curricula
Authors: Garnar Martin
Published: April 2018

As a degree, the master of library science is regularly questioned as to whether it is still effective as preparation for professional roles in the field. Concerns range from a lack of technical proficiency and practical skills in graduates to whether a graduate degree is even necessary to be a librarian. Defenders of the degree talk about the theoretical foundation given to graduates of library and information science (LIS) programs, including a grounding in the principles and values that undergird the professional work of a librarian. If that is one of the primary justifications of the degree, then it is important to understand how those principles and values, including professional ethics, are taught in library and information science programs. More than twenty years have elapsed since Shelley Rogers conducted a comprehensive review of ethics education in LIS program, so the American Library Association’s Committee on Professional Ethics decided to undertake a survey of all accredited LIS programs to ascertain the current state of ethics education in graduate programs, compare it to historical approaches, and discover how the committee can best use its resources to support the teaching of ethics to future librarians.
Burning To Read: Letters from My Students in support of Banned Books Week and the Freedom to Read Foundation
Authors: Griffiths Olivia
Published: April 2018

Iam cognizant of how lucky I am. When I decided to teach Fahrenheit 451 to my Accelerated Juniors during spring semester at St. Johnsbury Academy, the biggest administrative roadblock I faced was finding two minutes in the English department head’s schedule to ask him face to face if I could. He said yes. And that was that. I did not have to fight with school boards, parents, or neighborhood committees. The books I handed out to my students may have been a little musty—ok, maybe a lot musty—but there were no “hells” and “damns” blacked out, no pages removed, and less than five minutes after Steve Jolliffe said “yes” I left the subterranean book room with an entire box of them at my disposal.
News: Is It Legal?
Authors: Reichman Hank
Published: April 2018

Libraries, Schools, Privacy, Church and State
Speech and Consequences
Authors: LaRue James
Published: April 2018

This issue begins with the moving story of intellectual freedom champion Gordon Conable. The drama plays out like this: a principled and outspoken defender of First Amendment rights stands up for a controversial book in accordance with library policy and federal law. Then, his community vilifies, harasses, and punishes him for this defense until his death. One lesson is the inescapable truth that although we have the right to free speech, there can be consequences, whether in Michigan, or in Russia (see this issue’s review of Garden of Broken Statues).
Living the First Amendment: Gordon Conable, Madonna’s Sex, and the Monroe County (MI) Library
Authors: Turchyn Sylvia
Published: April 2018

Whenever a library fulfills its mission of purchasing popular books, like best-sellers and titles in high demand, it usually will carry on quietly, without much community controversy. But what happens when the best-seller and in-demand title is also a highly charged sex fantasy full of graphic photographs of one of the most recognizable popular figures of the day, who also happens to be the book’s author? Community outrage, organized protest, multiple and counter legal opinions, terrorist threats to the library, and multiple death threats to the library director were some of the responses to Monroe County Library System’s purchase and open circulation of Madonna’s book Sex.
Reviews
Authors: Garnar Martin , Reichman Henry , Ridinger Robert
Published: April 2018

Garden of Broken Statues: Exploring Censorship in RussiaOn the Burning of BooksWhich Side Are You On? Seven Social Responsibility Debates in American Librarianship, 1990–2015
Is It Legal?
Authors: Reichman Hank
Published: April 2018

Libraries, Schools, Colleges and Universities, Net Neutrality, Social Media, Privacy,
Libraries and the Right to be Forgotten: a Conflict in the Making?
Authors: Edwards Eli
Published: April 2018

The right to be forgotten (RTBF), an concept in European privacy law, is based on the notion that personal information which is irrelevant, outdated or inaccurate should not be readily accessible to the public. Some privacy advocates cheered when European courts held that search engines like Google, Bing and Yahoo! had to respond to RTBF requests by European citizens by removing search results based on information said to violate their privacy. However, there are those in the media, as well as free expression activists who are concerned that this right, and its implementation, can negatively affect access to information. Should American librarians worry?
Balancing Privacy and Strategic Planning Needs: A Case Study in De-Identification of Patron Data
Authors: Yoose Becky
Published: April 2018

The rise of evidence-based practices and assessment in libraries in recent years, combined with tying outcomes to future funding and resource allotments, has made libraries more reliant on patron data to determine how to allocate limited resources and funding. Libraries who want to use data for research and analysis but also wanting to protect patron privacy find themselves wondering how to balance these two priorities. This article explores The Seattle Public Library’s attempt to strike the balance between patron privacy and data analysis with the use of a data warehouse with de-identified patron data, as well as implications of data warehouses and de-identification as an option for other libraries.
The Path to a Creating a New Privacy Policy: NYPL's story
Authors: Marden Bill
Published: April 2018

Every library has (or should have) one. Ironically, in an institution devoted to reading and intellectual inquiry, it is probably the most seldom-read document in its collections. I am referring to library privacy policies, which have become increasingly important in an era when the broad gathering of information and data is exponentially increasing.
Introduction: The “Privacy” Special Issue of the Journal of Intellectual Freedom & Privacy
Authors: Zimmer Michael
Published: April 2018

Within libraries, a patron’s intellectual activities are protected by decades of established norms and practices intended to preserve patron privacy and confidentiality, most stemming from the American Library Association’s Library Bill of Rights and related interpretations. As a matter of professional ethics, most librarians protect patron privacy by engaging in limited tracking of user activities, instituting short-term data retention policies, and generally enabling the anonymous browsing of materials. These are the existing privacy norms within the library context, and the cornerstone of what makes up the “librarian ethic.”
Sex and the Constitution by Geoffrey R. Stone
Authors: Holley Robert P
Published: April 2018

The title, Sex and the Constitution, minimizes both the scope and importance of this book. Even the subtitle, Sex, Religion, and Law from America’s Origins to the Twenty-First Century, does not completely correct the misimpression about its content. More than a legal treatise, this book examines sexual behavior from the beginning of Western civilization as well as how various cultures have informally and legally regulated sexual behavior. As the title indicates, the emphasis is on the US Constitution and its interpretation. In part 1, “Ancestors,” Geoffrey R. Stone, Edward H. Levi Distinguished Service Professor of Law at the University of Chicago, summarizes sex and the law from the ancient world to the Christian era, concluding with the Enlightenment in England. Part 2, “Founders,” crosses the Atlantic to recount the diverse, surprisingly unfettered sexual proclivities of the American colonists and how the founding fathers dealt with individual freedoms in the Constitution. Traditional morality returns in part 3, “Moralists,” as religious beliefs, starting in the 1790s, dominate the culture and its laws; but cracks begin to appear in the 1950s at the conclusion of this section. The final three parts of the book focus explicitly on how judges have interpreted the Constitution in the areas of sexual expression, reproductive freedom, and sexual orientation from around 1960 to the present.
From the Bench
Authors: Reichman Hank
Published: April 2018

US Supreme Court, Schools, Church and State, University, Access, Privacy, Net Neutrality, Social Media, US Congress
Success Stories
Authors: Reichman Hank
Published: April 2018

Libraries, Schools,
The Death of Expertise: The Campaign Against Established Knowledge and Why It Matters by Tom Nichols
Authors: Pulliam Melodi
Published: April 2018

Tom Nichols' latest book is one "must read" book for all walks of life, young and old, as the author lays out the case for why we are turning away from the experts and professionals in our lives (personal, work-related, even up to the highest levels of our governments) and the information they provide us, by living completely in our isolated "information silos." While this phenomenon is not new, the advent of the Internet has made it easier than ever for every person with access to become their own "expert" in all things, thanks to the ease with which we can all "Google" it. Nichols' book details this 'campaign against knowledge' and the areas of our lives where it can be most felt, from the halls of the academy to our own homes, day in and day out. He also wisely shares his own expertise  and failures to point out the slippery slope we are sliding down if we do not stop and reverse the trend of thinking we know everything, because we can look it up in a few seconds, to the trend as it used to be: when we listened, with our full attention, to the very experts that we are no longer listening to. Wise words, with a historical and modern twist, make this book critical to understanding the information landscape as it is today, and where it will take us if we continue as we are now.
False Witness: Morality in Media and EBSCO
Authors: LaRue James
Published: April 2018

In June of 2017, the Office for Intellectual Freedom got its first ever intellectual freedom challenge to a library database. The case was in Colorado and involved the Cherry Creek School District. According to a parent in the district, EBSCO, a periodical database, was promoting obscene and pornographic content to middle school students. At this writing, the campaign has spread to almost a dozen other states from the southeast to the northwest. Some schools immediately, and without much analysis, shut down access to EBSCO. Others have followed their policies and procedures and retained it, despite persistent attempts at political pressure.
Updates
Authors: Stone David R.
Published: April 2018

ALA Intellectual Freedom to Read Foundation Report to Council: 2017 ALA Annual Meeting, ChicagoALA Intellectual Freedom Committee Report To Council: 2017 ALA Annual Meeting, Chicago
Censorship Dateline
Authors: Stone David R.
Published: April 2018

Books, Schools, International, Theater
El poder de la imaginación, de la ficción a la acción política. Ideología y utopía en la perspectiva de Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Almonacid Díaz Cristhian Alejandro
Published: April 2018

Paul Ricoeur postula que una teoría de la imaginación se inicia en la literatura y al mismo tiempo es productiva en la vida de la praxis. En la estructura simbólica de la realidad social y política, la imaginación funda el imaginario social, constituye la ideología en su función integradora y suscita la utopía en su función transformadora. En este artículo estudiamos este enfoque, proponiendo el poder de la imaginación como medio de cohesión social y ensayo para la transformación de la realidad, siempre perfectible.Paul Ricoeur postulates that a theory of the imagination begins in literature and at the same time it is productive in the life of praxis. In the symbolic structure of the social and political reality, the imagination founds the social imaginary, it constitutes the ideology in its integrative function and provokes the Utopia in its charging role. In this article, we study this approach, proposing the power of the imagination as a way of social cohesion and as a test for transformation of reality, always perfectible.
Raritas and RaritasVox: Programs for counting high diversity categorical data with highly unequal abundances
Authors: Lazarus David , Renaudie Johan , Lenz Dorina , Diver Patrick , Klump Jens
Published: April 2018

Acquiring data on the occurrences of many types of difficult to identify objects are often still made by human observation, e.g. in biodiversity and paleontologic research. Existing computer counting programs used to record such data have various limitations, including inflexibility and cost. We describe a pair of new open-source programs for this purpose - Raritas and RaritasVox, which share a similar graphical user interface for mouse based counting, and file output format. Raritas is written in Python and can be run as a standalone app for recent versions of either MacOS or Windows, or from the command line as easily customized source code. RaritasVox in addition supports voice based counting but is written in Java and is more complex to install or modify. Both programs explicitly support a rare category count mode which makes it easier to collect quantitative data on rare categories, e.g. rare species which are important in biodiversity surveys. Lastly, as to our knowledge no standards exist yet, we describe a new stratigraphic occurrence data (SOD) unitary file format which combines extensive metadata and a flexible structure for recording occurrence data of species or other categories in a series of samples.
Plant-soil feedbacks and the resource economics spectrum
Authors: Mehrabi Zia
Published: April 2018

Recent work suggests that resource economic traits might help predict the strength and direction of plant-soil feedback interactions, both in natural systems and in agriculture. However, there are many competing hypotheses to explain the effects of plant resource economics on plant-soil feedbacks.

Faster-growing plants may have positive fertilizing effects if their tissues are incorporated and mineralized by soil microbes, but may also have negative effects if pathogens build up, or if fungal symbionts are lost through fertilization. Identifying the direction of effects may be confounded if nutrients are exported through herbivory, leaching, or crop harvesting.

To determine causality in the effect of plant traits on plant-soil feedbacks it is essential for plant-soil feedback experiments to (1) quantify the mass of nutrients held in standing, or harvested plant biomass, and in losses to other sources in the field, and (2) undertake soil chemistry measurements (e.g. gross and net nitrogen mineralization) of nutrients limiting for plant growth throughout all phases of the feedback cycle.

If rigorous nutrient budgeting in plant-soil feedback research is more widely practiced this will provide the data needed to synthesise results in comparable ways, and will enable mechanistic insights into the role of plant traits in mediating plant competition in both natural and applied settings.
Traits matter: When rarity means more than abundance to functional diversity
Authors: Trott Thomas J.
Published: April 2018

Rare species can significantly contribute to ecosystem stability and resiliency. Furthermore, wider taxonomic trees can support a wider range of functional diversity. These ideas with the notion that functional diversity leads to ecosystem resiliency suggest rare species can disproportionately increase taxonomic and functional diversity. To test this hypothesis, functional distinctness was used to estimate functional diversity, and average taxonomic distinctness to evaluate taxonomic diversity for rocky intertidal species assemblages sampled by three surveys separated by years examining a total 41 locations spanning the Gulf of Maine. Fifteen life-history and ecological traits were assigned to the 95 species observed using a total of 90 options. Species were ranked either rare or abundant using incidence. Influence of rarity on functional and taxonomic distinctness was appraised by comparing intact assemblages to ones where rare species (observed once per location) were removed to imitate rare species loss. For intact assemblages, functional and taxonomic distinctness correlated. However, rare species removal significantly decreased functional diversity for some assemblages while taxonomic diversity was less affected. Removal of abundant species produced no significant effects. Results demonstrate rare species can increase functional diversity without necessarily being rare taxonomically. Abundant species exert their effects through their numbers; mere presence makes no difference.
Radical and lunatic fringes modulate notch ligands to support mammalian intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy Preetish , Srinivasan Tara , Bochter Matthew S , Xi Rui , Varanko Anastasia Kristine , Tung Kuei-Ling , Semerci Fatih , Xu Keli , Maletic-Savatic Mirjana , Cole Susan E , Shen Xiling
Published: April 2018

Notch signalling maintains stem cell regeneration at the mouse intestinal crypt base and balances the absorptive and secretory lineages in the upper crypt and villus. Here we report the role of Fringe family of glycosyltransferases in modulating Notch activity in the two compartments. At the crypt base, RFNG is enriched in the Paneth cells and increases cell surface expression of DLL1 and DLL4. This promotes Notch activity in the neighbouring Lgr5+ stem cells assisting their self-renewal. Expressed by various secretory cells in the upper crypt and villus, LFNG promotes DLL surface expression and suppresses the secretory lineage . Hence, in the intestinal epithelium, Fringes are present in the ligand-presenting ‘sender’ secretory cells and promote Notch activity in the neighbouring ‘receiver’ cells. Fringes thereby provide for targeted modulation of Notch activity and thus the cell fate in the stem cell zone, or the upper crypt and villus.
Pathways of topological rank analysis (PoTRA): a novel method to detect pathways involved in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Chaoxing , Liu Li , Dinu Valentin
Published: April 2018

Complex diseases such as cancer are usually the result of a combination of environmental factors and one or several biological pathways consisting of sets of genes. Each biological pathway exerts its function by delivering signaling through the gene network. Theoretically, a pathway is supposed to have a robust topological structure under normal physiological conditions. However, the pathway’s topological structure could be altered under some pathological condition. It is well known that a normal biological network includes a small number of well-connected hub nodes and a large number of nodes that are non-hubs. In addition, it is reported that the loss of connectivity is a common topological trait of cancer networks, which is an assumption of our method. Hence, from normal to cancer, the process of the network losing connectivity might be the process of disrupting the structure of the network, namely, the number of hub genes might be altered in cancer compared to that in normal or the distribution of topological ranks of genes might be altered. Based on this, we propose a new PageRank-based method called Pathways of Topological Rank Analysis (PoTRA) to detect pathways involved in cancer. We use PageRank to measure the relative topological ranks of genes in each biological pathway, then select hub genes for each pathway, and use Fisher’s exact test to test if the number of hub genes in each pathway is altered from normal to cancer. Alternatively, if the distribution of topological ranks of gene in a pathway is altered between normal and cancer, this pathway might also be involved in cancer. Hence, we use the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to detect pathways that have an altered distribution of topological ranks of genes between two phenotypes. We apply PoTRA to study hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and several subtypes of HCC. Very interestingly, we discover that all significant pathways in HCC are cancer-associated generally, while several significant pathways in subtypes of HCC are HCC subtype-associated specifically. In conclusion, PoTRA is a new approach to explore and discover pathways involved in cancer. PoTRA can be used as a complement to other existing methods to broaden our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind cancer at the system-level.
Phosphoproteomic insights into processes influenced by the kinase-like protein DIA1/C3orf58
Authors: Hareza Agnieszka , Bakun Magda , Świderska Bianka , Dudkiewicz Małgorzata , Koscielny Alicja , Bajur Anna , Jaworski Jacek , Dadlez Michał , Pawłowski Krzysztof
Published: April 2018

Many kinases are still ‘orphans,’ which means knowledge about their substrates, and often also about the processes they regulate, is lacking. Here, DIA1/C3orf58, a member of a novel predicted kinase-like family, is shown to be present in the endoplasmic reticulum and to influence trafficking via the secretory pathway. Subsequently, DIA1 is subjected to phosphoproteomics analysis to cast light on its signalling pathways. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry proteomic approach with phosphopeptide enrichment is applied to membrane fractions of DIA1-overexpressing and control HEK293T cells, and phosphosites dependent on the presence of DIA1 are elucidated. Most of these phosphosites belonged to CK2- and proline-directed kinase types. In parallel, the proteomics of proteins immunoprecipitated with DIA1 reported its probable interactors. This pilot study provides the basis for deeper studies of DIA1 signalling.
miRNAome expression profiles in the gonads of adultMelopsittacus undulatus
Authors: Jiang Lan , Wang Qingqing , Yu Jue , Gowda Vinita , Johnson Gabriel , Yang Jianke , Kan Xianzhao , Yang Xiaojun
Published: April 2018

The budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) is one of the most widely studied parrot species, serving as an excellent animal model for behavior and neuroscience research. Until recently, it was unknown how sexual differences in the behavior, physiology, and development of organisms are regulated by differential gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules that can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and play a critical role in gonadal differentiation as well as early development of animals. However, very little is known about the role gonadal miRNAs play in the early development of birds. Research on the sex-biased expression of miRNAs in avian gonads are limited, and little is known aboutM. undulatus. In the current study, we sequenced two small non-coding RNA libraries made from the gonads of adult male and female budgerigars using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. We obtained 254 known and 141 novel miRNAs, and randomly validated five miRNAs. Of these, three miRNAs were differentially expressed miRNAs and 18 miRNAs involved in sexual differentiation as determined by functional analysis with GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis. In conclusion, this work is the first report of sex-biased miRNAs expression in the budgerigar, and provides additional sequences to the avian miRNAome database which will foster further functional genomic research.
Pobreza: luz no fim do túnel?
Authors: Salama Pierre
Published: April 2018

O trabalho analisa a «história recente da pobreza» na América Latina. Após os anos 90, houve uma dificuldade para reduzir de maneira significativa a amplitude e a profundidade da pobreza nesse continente. Após os anos 2000, a pobreza diminuiu graças a uma política redistributiva ainda que tímida. Mesmo assim, apesar dessa nova política, a diminuição da pobreza ainda é menor do que se poderia esperar, sobretudo quando se compara com a dos países asiáticos. Apesar de alguns progressos, a pobreza latino-americana ainda se encontra em um nível elevado, alcançando mais ou menos um terço da população.
Redes de troca de arquivos e novas formas de concorrência: Uma análise a partir das contribuições teóricas de Stiglitz, Grossman e Salop
Authors: Herscovici Alain
Published: April 2018

A partir de uma série de evidências empíricas ligadas ao desenvolvi-mento das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC), este tra-balho propõe-se a estudar as novas formas de concorrência, próprias desta economia da informação, a natureza econômica e a dinâmica das redes eletrônicas, bem como as diferentes modalidades concretas de produção e de apropriação dos bens e serviços que circulam nessas redes. Para isto, utilizarei as ferramentas oferecidas pela economia da informação, a partir dos trabalhos seminais de Stiglitz, Grossman e Akerlof, e mostrarei como este tipo de instrumentos analíticos permite estudar a realidade desta economia da informação e da comunicação, no âmbito da fase atual que é possível qualificar de pós-fordista. Numa primeira parte, a partir de uma dimensão descritiva, mostrarei em que medida a fase atual do capitalismo se caracteriza por novas modalidades concorrenciais; estudarei igualmente os mecanismos a partir dos quais Stiglitz e Akerlof analisam as relações entre as assimetrias da informação, os componentes qualitativos dos bens e dos serviços e a eficiência paretiana dos mercados. Numa segunda parte, à luz desses elementos, mostrarei como é possível explicar o conceito de concorrência qualitativa, e utilizarei este conceito para estudar a economia das redes de compartilhamento de arquivos.
Variáveis fiscais e PIB per capita no Brasil: existem regimes fiscais anticíclicos entre 1901 e 2006?
Authors: Silva Alexandre Manoel Angelo , Duarte Angelo José Mont’Alverne
Published: April 2018

Este artigo realiza, por meio da técnica Markov Switching, uma análise da receita primária, da despesa primária, do investimento e do consumo do governo federal brasileiro, de modo a verificar se estes itens se comportaram de maneira pró ou anticíclica em relação ao produto interno bruto (PIB) per capita do Brasil, no período 1901-2006. Os resultados são sugestivos em pelo menos duas direções. Primeiro, nos períodos em que os respectivos regimes estatísticos mostraram-se significativos, denota-se que, no Brasil, nos períodos de alto crescimento econômico, com duração média de aproximadamente 4 anos, a despesa do governo federal cresce significativamente mais que o aumento de riqueza da sociedade. Segundo, no governo federal, só há um único regime fiscal de ciclicalidade, que é o regime pró-cíclico entre a despesa primária e o PIB per capita, datado em diversos períodos do século passado.
Os efeitos multiplicadores ao nível do produto e do rendimento medidos através da matriz de contabilidade social e da análise input-output o caso dos agentes económicos de 6 pequenas e médias cidades portuguesas
Authors: Diniz Francisco
Published: April 2018

O artigo faz uma análise de multiplicadores de emprego nas pequenas e médias cidades portuguesas utilizando-se da matriz de contabilidade social e da análise de insumo-produto. O estudo s constatou que as empresas localizadas nas áreas urbanas vendem mais, localmente, do que as que desenvolvem a sua actividade produtiva nas áreas rurais; constatou, igualmente, que as famílias residentes na cidade consomem mais, localmente, do que as que vivem no meio rural. Por conseguinte, a cidade é o local ideal para sediar empresas, isto é, para fazer novos investimentos. Apesar desta evidência, os multiplicadores indicam que, embora os multiplicadores da cidade possam ser maiores do que os que se verificam para as áreas rurais, na maior parte das vezes, o efeito multi-plicador sentido nas áreas rurais é diminuto.
Crescimento econômico de longo prazo: um olhar descritivo e empírico sobre a china
Authors: Del Fiori Diogo
Published: April 2018

Uma modelagem, utilizando a ferramenta econométrica de cointegração mostrou uma relação de longo prazo entre o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capitae as variáveis que foram consequencias das mudanças institucionais promovidas pelo país, como a educação e formação bruta de capital físico. Para reforçar esse argumento, o presente trabalho utilizou as ferramentas matemáticas, utilizando o modelo de Solow e o software MATLAB para encontrar o ponto de steady-stateda economia chinesa e então mostrar o crescimento consistente de longo prazo do país. Assim, a análise empírica mostra que o crescimento econômico da China não foi fruto apenas dos fluxos de investimentos estrangeiros e desvalorização cambial, mas também consequência de uma ampla reforma interna, que não foi necessariamente caracterizada como uma implantação de institui-ções semelhante às dos países capitalistas.
Pode a Medicina (re)inventar-se ante o Transfeminismo?
Authors: Leite André Filipe dos Santos
Published: April 2018

Intervenções psiquiátricas, prescrições endocrinológicas e procedimentos cirúrgicos são elementos costumeiramente levantados quando pensamos na relação entre medicina e as experiências de vida trans. Entretanto, seriam essas as únicas possibilidades de relação possíveis? Poderia o transfeminismo oferecer outros cenários de relação entre a medicina e as experiências trans? Ou melhor, poderia a medicina (re)inventar-se ante o transfeminismo? Movido por tais questionamentos, objetivo com esse ensaio oferecer uma torção do aparato médico através de marcos transfeministas, em dois movimentos: inicialmente convocando a medicina a reconhecer o quanto ela própria está implicada com as normas de gênero e os padrões cisnormativos vigentes; e em seguida, trazendo a pauta da despatologização das experiências trans como uma aposta ética, no bojo da própria medicina. Movimentos que permitem não só pensar outras formas de relação da medicina com as experiências trans, mas também ressignificar outras esferas da atuação médica, encenado outros possíveis de saúde.
A DUPLA JORNADA DE MULHERES INSERIDAS NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO TURÍSTICO EM ARACAJU-SE
Authors: Dos Santos Araujo Carla Francyele
Published: April 2018

Essa pesquisa está inserida nas reflexões sobre igualdade de gênero, partindo do seguinte problema: como a mulher inserida no mercado de trabalho turístico de Aracaju-SE concilia trabalho e família? Portanto, tem como objetivo geral: analisar a dupla jornada da mulher inserida no mercado de trabalho turístico na capital sergipana. Seusobjetivos específicosforam: Perceber como se configuram os papéis de gênero na sociedade em relação a participação do homem na família e sua aceitação sobre o trabalho remunerado da mulher; Identificar as conquistas e os anseios das mulheres que vivem a dupla jornada no mercado de trabalho turístico de Aracaju. O método utilizado para a coleta dos dados foi a História de Vida e a técnica de pesquisa foi a entrevista dialógica. Os resultados apontaram que os homens estão mais abertos a ajudar a suas mulheres com as tarefas de casa, porém ainda não é uma partilha igualitária e, ainda, o cuidado e a orientação dos filhos continua sendo um dever relacionado às mães. O homem também evoluiu em relação a sua opinião sobre o trabalho da mulher, mas ainda não concorda que a mulher viaje a trabalho, o que prejudica a mulher no setor turístico. Conclui-se que as mulheres avançaram muito, pois hoje em dia as mulheres estão inseridas em cargos mais valorizados. Com o passar do tempo, devido às lutas feministas, as mulheres vêm conquistando espaços que antes eram ocupados apenas por homens. Porém, ainda é preciso desconstruir valores patriarcais que rondam os papéis sociais de gênero.

 
Apresentação: Manifestações de Gênero e Raça nas Eleições 2014
Authors: Monteiro Anne Alencar , Silva Shirlei Santos de Jesus
Published: April 2018

apresentação do dossiê
A MULHER NA POLÍTICA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PARTICIPAÇÃO DA MULHER NAS ELEIÇÕES DE 2014
Authors: Nogueira Cristiano Miranda
Published: April 2018

O tema desse artigo é apresentar os resultados da pesquisa sobre a origem do não cumprimento da lei de cotas de gênero nas eleições e a sub-representação da mulher nos poderes Legislativo e Executivo. Seu objetivo é mostrar que ao longo dos dezenove anos, a lei de cotas de gênero pouco alterou a representação da mulher na política, por isso entendemos que as leis por si só são ineficazes. Os recursos metodológicos utilizados (qualitativos e quantitativos) nos forneceram dados importantes para algumas conclusões: a representação política da mulher é desvalorizada e desestimulada; há pouca compreensão política da lei de Cotas pelos partidos; a força do machismo dentro dos partidos, incluído os de esquerda, é muito forte; não há uma fiscalização mais atuante que faça uso de penalizações mais severas contra os partidos que burlam a lei de Cota; muitas mulheres são estimuladas a serem “laranjas” dos partidos. Essas primeiras conclusões nos certificaram que é preciso, além da lei de cotas, mobilizar a sociedade e debater sobre o papel da mulher na vida pública, para que a esfera política não continue dominada pela representação masculina e machista. 
“QUE HORAS ELA VOLTA?” E “DOMÉSTICA” - UMA ANÁLISE DA REPRESENTAÇÃO DO TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO FEMININO REMUNERADO NO CINEMA BRASILEIRO CONTEMPORÂNEO
Authors: Santos Jeferson Reis
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho busca trazer algumas reflexões sobre a representação do emprego doméstico feminino no cinema contemporâneo brasileiro a partir dos filmes “Que Horas Ela Volta?” (Anna Muylaert, 2015) e “Doméstica” (Gabriel Mascaro, 2012); por serem de gêneros diferentes, ficção e documentário, foi necessário levantar uma discussão sobre as diferenças e aproximações destes diferentes produtos cinematográficos. Entender a produção filmíca como parte do contexto histórico-político-social levou o autor à traçar um breve panorama historiográfico do cinema no Brasil. As questões de gênero presentes no filme são cruzadas com os trabalhos de Ana Alice Costa, Simone de Beauvoir, Nancy Fraser e Christine Delphy. 