bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cosmic Alreadymades: Exhibiting Indifference at dOCUMENTA (13)
Authors: Weir Andy
Published: May 2014

Departing from the proposal by curator Carolyn Christov-Bakargiev to ‘see from the point of view of the meteorite’ at dOCUMENTA (13), this article analyzes the exhibition’s claim to non-anthropocentric knowledge production through the paradoxical staging of a form that re-prioritizes human experience. It focuses on two works: Pierre Huyghe’s Untilled (2012), which coalesces an affect of indifference to the centrality of human experience; and Guillermo Faivovich and Nicolas Goldberg’s El Chaco (2012), which sets inexperiencable timescales under contemporary exhibition conditions. Both works open political questions through complicity with material processes. At the same time, they point to potentials and limitations for the methodology of the ‘alreadymade’, understood here in terms of the staging of non-human timescales for human participants, and the making affordable of systemic threat.
The Europeanisation of social policies in Portugal
Authors: e Silva Pedro Adão
Published: May 2014

This article analyses how three different instruments of European social policy have been implemented in Portugal. I claim that the reasons for compliance rest in the combination of a favourable context created by a strong European legacy in domestic policies, with the convergence between
the European pressure and the domestic policy agenda in policy arenas, whose characteristics facilitate policy change. I make the case that there is no dualism between a politicisation and a socialisation approach to the Europeanisation of domestic public polices. When compliance occurs, both
mechanisms are present. Responses to European pressures reflect both the introduction of new incentive structures and the creation of new patterns of social relations. This is particularly true for European social policies. Those resources have a delayed effect by formatting policy arenas
and giving meaning to certain incentives and providing a social context in which pressures are perceived to be cost-effective and legitimate. There is no relation between a priori convergence capacity of European policy instruments and their de facto effectiveness − the distinctive traits
of each is central to understand the extent to which EU policy initiatives mobilise domestic coalitions, which prove decisive for the resistance of policy innovation.
The diverse pathways of higher education students: A sociological analysis on inequality, context and agency
Authors: da Costa António Firmino , Lopes João Teixeira
Published: May 2014

One of the consequences of the extension of access to higher education in Portugal, as in other countries, has been the diversification of students’ social background. This process has not led to the elimination of social inequalities in students’ access to and success in
higher education, but those inequalities have not remained the same. In fact, there have been some highly significant and complex changes in this area. To study them, we carried out a comprehensive sociological investigation that covers the entire Portuguese higher education system –
including universities and polytechnics – covering different areas of knowledge in different regions. The theoretic model included three levels of analysis: structural, institutional and biographical. The research design involved quantitative and qualitative methodological procedures.
At the biographical level, in-depth interviews were conducted with 170 students. From these interviews we drew ‘sociological portraits’ and built analytical types both of these students’ structural and institutional positioning in their educational path and of how they actively
shaped diverse types of personal trajectories. The identification of these types of student paths may help advance knowledge in this field, shedding considerably more light than the usual administrative categories of ‘success’, ‘failure’ and ‘dropout’.
School achievement, social conditions and ethnicity: Immigrants’ children in basic schooling in Portugal
Authors: Seabra Teresa , Mateus Sandra
Published: May 2014

Family conditions, such as social class, ethnicity, or the educational capital within the family are significant criteria for social differentiation in teaching-learning systems, but how and to what extent do these characteristics influence the trajectories of pupils originating from
migratory movement? The data presented here results from two research projects that analysed the school trajectory of pupils of immigrant descent in 2001 and 2008 in basic education (ISCED 1 and 2) in comparison with their native peers. The findings of both studies indicate that when socio-demographic
variables are controlled, national origin has no greater impact on the school pathways of the pupils surveyed than other variables. In contrast, the educational qualifications of the pupils’ parents and their insertion in the social class structure play a far more important role in shaping
school performance.
Communicating Climate Change Adaptation. State of the Art and Lessons Learned from Ten OECD Countries
Authors: Wirth Veronika , Prutsch Andrea , Grothmann Torsten
Published: May 2014

Over the last years, communicating climate change adaptation has gained increasing attention in science and practise. This paper provides an overview of existing adaptation communication formats in ten OECD countries and offers recommendations for their successful design. Via online
search we identified 278 communication formats on climate change adaptation. Based on a literature review and a consultation process with climate and communication experts from science and practise, a list of 16 success factors for adaptation communication was compiled with regard to communication
content, target group adequacy, adaptation motivation and communication evaluation. Using the success factors as evaluation criteria, we analysed the 278 formats. The analysis yields 13 good practise examples that can inspire future adaptation communication. Following our discussion which
of the success factors have not yet been sufficiently addressed we propose going beyond the content level and address emotions, norms and values as well as making use of trusted messengers.
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Perception and Expectations of Neurologists, Neurosurgeons and Psychiatrists
Authors: Branco Paulo , Ayres-Basto Margarida , Portugal Pedro , Ramos Isabel , Seixas Daniela
Published: May 2014

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has rapidly become an essential diagnostic tool in modern medicine. Understanding the objectives, perception and expectations of the different medical specialties towards MRI is therefore important to improve the quality of the examinations. Our aim was to better comprehend the reasons and expectations of neurologists, neurosurgeons and psychiatrists when requesting brain MRI scans for their patients, and also to perceive the degree of confidence of these specialists in the images and respective reports. Sixty-three specialists were recruited from two tertiary hospitals and answered a tailored questionnaire. Neurosurgeons were more concerned with the images themselves; neurologists lacked confidence in both MRI images and reports, and one third of the psychiatrists only read the report and were the most confident of the specialties in MRI findings. These results possibly reflect the idiosyncrasies of each of these medical specialties. This knowledge, driven by efficient communication between neuroradiologists and neurosurgeons, neurologists and psychiatrists, may contribute to improve the quality of MRI examinations and consequently patient care and management of health resources.
Quantitative Serial T2 Relaxometry: A Prospective Evaluation in Solitary Cerebral Cysticercosis
Authors: Nalini Atchayaram , De Souza Aaron , Saini Jitender , Thennarasu Kandavel
Published: May 2014

We describe the evolution of quantitative T2 relaxometry values on serial MRI in patients with a solitary cerebral cysticercal lesion (SCCL), and determine whether albendazole therapy affects T2 relaxation (T2R) values. Patients with new-onset seizures and MRI-confirmed SCCL were randomized to treatment with albendazole and antiepileptics (“treatment group”) or antiepileptics only (“controls”). Serial MRI including T2 relaxometry was performed at baseline, three, six, 12, and 24 months. Of 123 patients recruited, 81 had more than three MRI scans (treatment group: 37; controls: 44; 58 patients had five scans). The lesion wall at baseline showed a mean T2R value of 152.3 ms, centre 474.9 and perilesional parenchyma 338.5 ms. These were significantly higher than those from normal parenchyma (114 ms). Over time, most sharply in the initial three months, T2R values fell but even at 24 months, they remained above those from normal parenchyma. A slight increase in T2R values from the lesion centre at six months was thought to represent the initiation of gliosis. In the treatment group, T2R values approached normal at 24 months, while controls had persistently higher T2R values. The decline in T2R values at six months was more prominent in the treatment group. T2R values at baseline and at three months differed significantly depending on the stage of the lesion, being higher in stage 2 SCCL. T2R values from SCCL declined over 24 months, being significantly higher in earlier stages of degeneration. A mild increase after six months may be due to the initiation of gliosis. T2R values appear to decline faster in patients who receive albendazole.
Surgical Treatment of Tetralogy of Fallot with Giant Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm in an Adult
Authors: Yildiz Bekir Serhat , Ozcan Ali Vefa , Esin Fatma , Tongut Aybala
Published: May 2014

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect with a prevalence of 0.5 per 1000 live births; TOF represents approximately 9% of all con-genital heart defects. Survival rates for adults with repaired TOF in childhood are now excellent [Knowles 2012]. The population of surviving adult patients with unrepaired TOF has been steadily increasing and recent advances in opera-tive techniques have allowed successful surgical treatment of these patients. This case report describes a successful surgical repair of TOF with giant pulmonary artery aneurysm in a 26-year-old male.
Abstracts from the #2 Heart Surgery Forum Meeting: Challenges and Solutions in Modern Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Levinson Mark M.
Published: May 2014

Heart Surgery Forum meeting: Challenges and Solutions in Modern Cardiac Surgery held in Split, Croatia.
Effect of Domestication on the Spread of the [PIN+] Prion inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kelly Amy C , Busby Ben , Wickner Reed B
Published: May 2014

Prions (infectious proteins) cause fatal neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, many toxic and lethal variants of the [PSI+] and [URE3] prions have been identified in laboratory strains, although some commonly studied variants do not seem to impair cell growth. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed four major clades of S. cerevisiae that share histories of two prion proteins and largely correspond to different ecological niches of yeast. The [PIN+] prion was most prevalent in commercialized niches, infrequent among wine/vineyard strains, and not observed in ancestral isolates. As previously reported, the [PSI+] and [URE3] prions are not found in any of these strains. Patterns of heterozygosity revealed genetic mosaicism and indicated extensive outcrossing among divergent strains in commercialized environments. In contrast, ancestral isolates were all homozygous and wine/vineyard strains were closely related to each other and largely homozygous. Cellular growth patterns were highly variable within and among clades, although ancestral isolates were the most efficient sporulators and domesticated strains showed greater tendencies for flocculation. [PIN+]-infected strains had a significantly higher likelihood of polyploidy, showed a higher propensity for flocculation compared to uninfected strains, and had higher sporulation efficiencies compared to domesticated, uninfected strains. Extensive phenotypic variability among strains from different environments suggests that S. cerevisiae is a niche generalist and that most wild strains are able to switch from asexual to sexual and from unicellular to multicellular growth in response to environmental conditions. Our data suggest that outbreeding and multicellular growth patterns adapted for domesticated environments are ecological risk factors for the [PIN+] prion in wild yeast.
CBCT – Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Kailash Sahithya
Published: May 2014

Dental X- Rays are important for diagnosing and treating patients by helping to detect oral health issues when they can’t be detected by visual or physical examination alone. Dental X-Ray take a much closer look and provide valuable information in the area of interest. Though 2 Dimensional X-Ray and Panoramic radiography can predict diagnosis in number of clinical cases, certain situations demand multiplanar imaging, one such technology is CBCT.

CBCT is a specialised 3Dimensional Craniofacial imaging in which 3 Dimensional reconstruction is possible. The final reconstructed image produced, reveals multilayer images in 3 orthogonal planes (coronal, sagittal and transverse)

This article focuses on CBCT and its applications in various fields of dentistry.
Global health competencies according to nursing faculty from Brazilian higher education institutions
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa , Wilson Lynda Law , Godoy Simone de , Tamí-Maury Irene , Zárate-Grajales Rosa , Salas-Segura Susana
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVES: to identify the agreement of faculty affiliated with Brazilian higher education institutions about the global health competencies needed for undergraduate nursing students' education and whether these competencies were covered in the curriculum offered at the institution where they were teaching.METHOD: exploratory-descriptive study, involving 222 faculty members who answered the Brazilian version of the "Questionnaire on Core Competencies in Global Health", made available electronically on the website Survey Monkey.RESULTS: participants predominantly held a Ph.D. (75.8%), were women (91.9%) and were between 40 and 59 years of age (69.3%). The mean and standard deviation of all competencies questioned ranged between 3.04 (0.61) and 3.88 (0.32), with scores for each competency ranging from 1 "strongly disagree" to 4 "strongly agree". The results demonstrated the respondents' satisfactory level of agreement with the global health competencies.CONCLUSIONS: the study demonstrated a high mean agreement level of the nursing faculty from Brazilian HEI with the global health competencies in the questionnaire. The curricula of the HEI where they teach partially address some of these. The competencies in the domain "Globalization of health and health care" are the least addressed.
Assessment of techniques of massage and pumping in the treatment of breast engorgement by thermography
Authors: Heberle Anita Batista dos Santos , Moura Marcos Antônio Muniz de , Souza Mauren Abreu de , Nohama Percy
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate techniques of massage and pumping in the treatment of postpartum breast engorgement through thermography.METHOD: the study was conducted in the Human Milk Bank of a hospital in Curitiba, Brazil. We randomly selected 16 lactating women with engorgement with the classification lobar, ampullary and glandular, moderate and intense. We compared the differential patterns of temperature, before and after the treatment by means of massage and pumping.RESULTS: we found a negative gradient of 0.3°C of temperature between the pre- and post-treatment in the experimental group. Breasts with intense engorgement were 0.7°C warmer when compared with moderate engorgement.CONCLUSION: massage and electromechanical pumping were superior to manual methods when evaluated by thermography. REBEC: U1111-1136-9027.
Post-abortion contraception: care and practices
Authors: Borges Ana Luiza Vilela , Monteiro Renata Luciria , Hoga Luiza Akiko Komura , Fujimori Elizabeth , Chofakian Christiane Borges do Nascimento , Santos Osmara Alves dos
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: to analyze assistance regarding contraception methods received by women during hospitalization due to abortion, and contraceptive practices the month after this episode.METHODS: a longitudinal study of women hospitalized due to abortion in a public hospital in the city of São Paulo. Face-to-face interviews (n=170) followed by telephone interviews in the subsequent month (n=147) were conducted between May and December of 2011.RESULTS: a small number of women reported they received guidance on, and prescription for, contraceptive methods at hospital discharge. A trend of statistical significance was identified for prescription of contraceptive methods at discharge and its use in the following month, when adjusted for age. Most women reported sexual intercourse (69.4%) with the use of contraceptive method (82.4%), but no health professional guidance (63.1%).CONCLUSION: despite the fact that post-abortion contraception assistance was lower than the recommended guidelines by public health policies, women demonstrated willingness to use contraceptive methods.
Reliability of indicators of nursing care quality: testing interexaminer agreement and reliability
Authors: Vituri Dagmar Willamowius , Évora Yolanda Dora Martinez
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: this study sought to test the interexaminer agreement and reliability of 15 indicators of nursing care quality.METHODS: this was a quantitative, methodological, experimental, and applied study conducted at a large, tertiary, public teaching hospital in the state of Paraná. For data analysis, the Kappa (k) statistic was applied to the categorical variables - indicators 1 to 11 and 15 - and the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to the continuous variables - indicators 12, 13, and 14, with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. The categorical data were analyzed using the Lee software, elaborated by the Laboratory of Epidemiology and Statistics of Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology - Brazil, and the continuous data were assessed using BioEstat 5.0.RESULTS: the k-statistic results indicated excellent agreement, which was statistically significant, and the values of the ICC denoted excellent and statistically significant reproducibility/agreement relative to the investigated indicators.CONCLUSION: the investigated indicators exhibited excellent reliability and reproducibility, thus showing that it is possible to formulate valid and reliable assessment instruments for the management of nursing care.
Impact of a physical activity program on the anxiety, depression, occupational stress and burnout syndrome of nursing professionals
Authors: Freitas Anderson Rodrigues , Carneseca Estela Cristina , Paiva Carlos Eduardo , Paiva Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: to assess the effects of a workplace physical activity (WPA) program on levels of anxiety, depression, burnout, occupational stress and self-perception of health and work-related quality of life of a nursing team in a palliative care unit.METHODS: the WPA was conducted five days per week, lasting ten minutes, during three consecutive months. Twenty-one nursing professionals were evaluated before and after the intervention, with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Maslch Burnout Inventory, and the Job Stress Scale. The changes in self-perceived health and work-related quality of life were measured using a semi-structured questionnaire.RESULTS: the WPA did not yield significant results on the levels of anxiety, depression, burnout or occupational stress. However, after the intervention, participants reported improved perceptions of bodily pain and feeling of fatigue at work.CONCLUSION: the WPA did not lead to beneficial effects on occupational stress and psychological variables, but it was well accepted by the nursing professionals, who reported improvement in perceptions of health and work-related quality of life.
Maternal Eating and Physical Activity Strategies and their Relation with Children's Nutritional Status
Authors: Flores-Peña Yolanda , Ortiz-Félix Rosario Edith , Cárdenas-Villarreal Velia Margarita , Ávila-Alpirez Hermelinda , Alba-Alba Corina Mariela , Hernández-Carranco Roandy Gaspar
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVES: to describe the maternal eating and physical activity strategies (monitoring, discipline, control, limits and reinforcement) [MEES]; to determine the relation between MEES and the child's nutritional status [body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP)]; to verify whether the MEES differ according to the child's nutritional status.METHOD: participants were 558 mothers and children (3 to 11 years of age) who studied at public schools. The Parental Strategies for Eating and Activity Scale (PEAS) was applied and the child's weight, height and BFP were measured. For analysis purposes, descriptive statistics were obtained, using multiple linear regression and the Kruskal-Wallis test.RESULTS: the highest mean score was found for reinforcement (62.72) and the lowest for control (50.07). Discipline, control and limits explained 12% of the BMI, while discipline and control explained 6% of the BFP. Greater control is found for obese children (χ2=38.36, p=0.001) and greater reinforcement for underweight children (χ2=7.19, p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: the mothers exert greater control (pressure to eat) over obese children and greater recognition (congratulating due to healthy eating) in underweight children. Modifications in parental strategies are recommended with a view to strengthening healthy eating and physical activity habits.
Educação pelo trabalho: reorientando a formação de profissionais da saúde
Authors: Fonsêca Graciela Soares , Junqueira Simone Rennó , Zilbovicius Celso , Araujo Maria Ercilia de
Published: May 2014

O trabalho se propôs a avaliar o Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) instituído na Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Os sujeitos do estudo foram preceptores e alunos de odontologia que integraram a proposta entre os anos de 2009 e 2012. Foi utilizada uma abordagem qualitativa, sendo os dados coletados por grupos focais e analisados por análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados evidenciam que a educação pelo trabalho é capaz de auxiliar no processo formativo, ampliar o olhar do estudante em direção ao processo saúde/doença e despertar para atuação futura no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Uma das vantagens apontadas consiste no estabelecimento da interdisciplinaridade no processo formador. Os resultados do estudo traduzem o programa como um poderoso instrumento de indução de mudanças nas concepções dos profissionais de saúde.
Independent risk factors associated with infant deaths
Authors: Silva Anna Lúcia da , Mathias Thais Aidar de Freitas
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: Identifying the independent risk factors associated with infant deaths registered in Brazilian public information systems.METHODS: A cross-sectional study using secondary data recorded in public information systems for eleven years. The association of mortality rates was observed according to death periods using univariate and multivariate regression tests.RESULTS: The infant mortality rate decreased by 20.7 % in the study period. The list of independent factors associated with infant deaths shows the necessity for measures to increase public actions aimed at the early onset of prenatal care, continuing until the postpartum, puerperal period and in the growth and development of the newborn.CONCLUSION: The independent risk factors for infant death were low birth weight, gestation duration of less than 37 weeks, multiple pregnancy, maternal educational level lower than eight years, Apgar score and less than seven antenatal pregnancy.
Assessment of the differentiated aspiration process of palivizumab
Authors: Albuquerque Rosemeire Sartori de , Mariani Neto Corintio , Arone Gisleine Aparecida de Castro , Bersusa Ana Aparecida Sanches , Leandro Vanessa Peres
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: Assess the differentiated aspiration process of palivizumab, from planning to administration, and from the patient's profile to obtained savings as a result of the optimization of doses.METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out by means of secondary data obtained from the medical records of 858 children. Variables of the study were as follows: information on the profile of cared children, amount of acquired and administered doses, vaccination procedure, and optimized doses. Data were extracted from care management reports.RESULTS: The innovative technique and the vaccination planning allowed for 98 children to be favored by leftovers of the medication, implying savings of R$ 1.144.347,52 in 2012 and 2013.CONCLUSION: The employment of the differentiated aspiration process favored the availability of the medication to 54 children other than those previously programmed, and the application of 78 leftovers. The establishment of a previous management planning process of programmed contents to be administered to children, in compliance with their profile, especially their body weight, favored the inclusion of other admitted newborns. The systematization process of the team work toward the administration of palivizumab implied the reduction of public expenditures.
Meaning of the Systematization of Nursing Care for nurse managers
Authors: Penedo Rafaela Mossarelli , Spiri Wilza Carla
Published: May 2014

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meaning that the nurse managers attributed to the nursing process, developed in their daily work.METHODS: The phenomenological method was used, referencing the structure of the situated phenomenon. The subjects were thirteen nurses, managers of a university hospital. The analysis included transcription and readings of depositions aimed at the essence, by means of thematization, interpretation and synthesis of the phenomenon.RESULTS: The thematic categories were: human resources in achieving the systematization of nursing care; their relevance to the work of the nurse, difficulties in its implementation; qualification for its realization.CONCLUSION: The meaning that nurse managers attribute to the systematization of nursing care are related to the legal aspects of professional practice, teamwork, and to the adequate scheduling of human resources.
Clinical and videofluoroscopic diagnosis of dysphagia in chronic encephalopathy of childhood
Authors: Araújo Brenda Carla Lima , Motta Maria Eugênia Almeida , Castro Adriana Guerra de , Araújo Claudia Marina Tavares de
Published: May 2014

Objective To evaluate the contribution of deglutition videofluoroscopy in the clinical diagnosis of dysphagia in chronic encephalopathy of childhood. Materials and Methods The study sample consisted of 93 children diagnosed with chronic encephalopathy, in the age range between two and five years, selected by convenience among patients referred to the authors' institution by speech therapists, neurologists and gastroenterologists in the period from March 2010 to September 2011. The data collection was made at two different moments, by different investigators who were blind to each other. Results The method presented low sensitivity for detecting aspiration with puree consistency (p = 0.04). Specificity and negative predictive value were high for clinical diagnosis of dysphagia with puree consistency. Conclusion In the present study, the value for sensitivity in the clinical diagnosis of dysphagia demonstrates that this diagnostic procedure may not detect any change in the swallowing process regardless of the food consistency used during the investigation. Thus, the addition of the videofluoroscopic method can significantly contribute to the diagnosis of dysphagia.
Learning on human resources management in the radiology residency program
Authors: Oliveira Aparecido Ferreira de , Lederman Henrique Manoel , Batista Nildo Alves
Published: May 2014

Objective To investigate the process of learning on human resource management in the radiology residency program at Escola Paulista de Medicina – Universidade Federal de São Paulo, aiming at improving radiologists' education. Materials and Methods Exploratory study with a quantitative and qualitative approach developed with the faculty staff, preceptors and residents of the program, utilizing a Likert questionnaire (46), taped interviews (18), and categorization based on thematic analysis. Results According to 71% of the participants, residents have clarity about their role in the development of their activities, and 48% said that residents have no opportunity to learn how to manage their work in a multidisciplinary team. Conclusion Isolation at medical records room, little interactivity between sectors with diversified and fixed activities, absence of a previous culture and lack of a training program on human resources management may interfere in the development of skills for the residents' practice. There is a need to review objectives of the medical residency in the field of radiology, incorporating, whenever possible, the commitment to the training of skills related to human resources management thus widening the scope of abilities of the future radiologists.
Bullet embolism of pulmonary artery: a case report
Authors: Yamanari Mauricio Gustavo Ieiri , Mansur Maria Clara Dias , Kay Fernando Uliana , Silverio Paulo Rogerio Barboza , Jayanthi Shri Krishna , Funari Marcelo Buarque de Gusmão
Published: May 2014

The authors report the case of a patient victim of gunshots, with a very rare complication: venous bullet embolism from the left external iliac vein to the lingular segment of the left pulmonary artery. Diagnosis is made with whole-body radiography or computed tomography. Digital angiography is reserved for supplementary diagnosis or to be used as a therapeutic procedure.
Estudo do processo de dispersão de emissões veiculares em uma microrregião de Belo Horizonte (MG) utilizando simulação numérica
Authors: Tavares Fernanda Vasconcelos Fonseca , Barreto Alberto Avellar , Dutra Elisete Gomides , Jacomino Vanusa Maria Feliciano
Published: May 2014

O modelo CAL3QHCR (California Line Source for Queuing & Hot Spot Calculations Refined) foi utilizado para avaliar a contribuição das emissões de material particulado (MP10 e MP2,5) de origem veicular na qualidade do ar de uma microrregião do centro de Belo Horizonte (MG). Os resultados de concentração obtidos nas simulações foram comparados com dados experimentais de concentração de MP10 e MP2,5, obtidos a partir da amostragem desses poluentes em uma estação de monitoramento da qualidade do ar localizada na área de estudo. Para todos os cenários, os valores de concentração previstos pelo modelo foram menores do que os observados. Uma análise de sensibilidade revelou que o fator de emissão veicular é o parâmetro que mais influencia os resultados das simulações, indicando a necessidade de realização de um maior número de pesquisas sobre o tema no Brasil.
Acessibilidade e capacidade para pagar pelos serviços de água e de esgotamento sanitário em Portugal
Authors: Carvalho Pedro , Simões Pedro , Marques Rui Cunha
Published: May 2014

O crescimento da população mundial no último século tem conduzido a um aumento exponencial do uso da água, a um consequente aumento da sua escassez, bem como a uma diminuição da sua qualidade. Uma das principais causas responsáveis por essa realidade tem sido o reduzido preço que os diferentes stakeholders pagam por esse recurso. O facto de não ser pago pelos diferentes stakeholders um preço justo que reflita os impactos causados no ambiente, bem como na vida das gerações futuras pelo consumo desse recurso, tem conduzido à sobre-exploração da água. Nesse contexto, perspectiva-se, em nível mundial, um incremento dos encargos com os serviços de águas e de esgotamento sanitário, com o intuito de tornar a gestão desse recurso sustentável e, paralelamente, melhorar a sua qualidade. Este trabalho compara os encargos que as famílias de vários países suportam com esses serviços e analisa, em detalhe, o impacto atual desses encargos nas famílias em Portugal, evidenciando os resultados de dois estudos recentes e das reformas em curso. Conclui-se que o aumento do preço do recurso água será inevitável e, por conseguinte, uma maior parcela dos rendimentos familiares será dispensada com esses serviços. Este trabalho demonstra que será no interior de Portugal que poderão surgir, no futuro, os maiores problemas de affordability.
Estudo da descoloração do corante FD&C azul no 2 Indigotina pelo tratamento combinado do fungo Trametes versicolor e processo de filtração lenta
Authors: Lopes Maria Margareth Gonçalves , Sales Paulo de Tarso Ferreira , Campos Luiza Cintra , Schimidt Fernando , Santiago Mariângela Fontes
Published: May 2014

O uso de fungos na descoloração de corantes com métodos economicamente viáveis de produção de água bacteriologicamente segura há muito vem sendo descrito por diversos autores. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a eficiência da remoção de corante artificial FD&C azul no 2 Indigotina, com uso do fungo de degradação branca Trametes versicolor em combinação com a filtração lenta. Para a realização dos trabalhos, foram instalados dois protótipos de filtros lentos denominados FL-A e FL-B - no sobrenadante do filtro FL-A foi inoculado o referido fungo, e o filtro FL-B foi utilizado como controle (sem inoculação do microrganismo). O melhor percentual de remoção do corante pelo fungo Trametes versicolor em combinação com a filtração lenta foi de 44,74% 24 horas após a atividade máxima registrada de lacase. Os resultados mostraram que a filtração lenta combinada com o tratamento com o fungo T. versicolor não apresenta grande potencial para remoção de cor em 21 dias de tratamento, visto que os produtos microbianos gerados interferem no processo de filtração, diminuindo a eficiência do processo físico. Entretanto, restringindo o tempo de tratamento a 24 horas após a atividade enzimática máxima, o tratamento combinado apresentou boa eficiência.
Caracterização do regime de vento em superfície na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Pimentel Luiz Cláudio Gomes , Marton Edilson , Silva Mauricio Soares da , Jourdan Pedro
Published: May 2014

O trabalho aborda a caracterização do regime de vento em diversos setores da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ), evidenciando a influência do ciclo diário e dos aspectos topográficos nas circulações locais. Na avaliação do padrão de vento foram utilizados dados horários provenientes de estações meteorológicas automáticas de superfície, organizados em gráficos de frequência de vento para o ciclo diário. Finalmente, os resultados evidenciam a modulação da circulação local de acordo com a atuação do sistema de brisa marítima-terrestre. Pode-se destacar a ocorrência de elevados percentuais de calmaria na estação Afonsos, caracterizando-a como uma região de estagnação, influenciada principalmente pelas feições topográficas locais. Este estudo disponibiliza um importante detalhamento da orientação e frequência do vento próximo à superfície, oferecendo subsídios adicionais às autoridades públicas para o aperfeiçoamento de suas políticas de gestão ambiental para a região.
Sistema de apoio ao gerenciamento de resíduos de construção e demolição para municípios de pequeno porte
Authors: Scremin Lucas Bastianello , Castilhos Junior Armando Borges de , Rocha Janaíde Cavalcante
Published: May 2014

O grande volume de resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) gerados no país levou o Governo Federal a desenvolver algumas ações; entre elas, pode-se citar a criação da Resolução n° 307 do CONAMA, que estabelece diretrizes, critérios e procedimentos para a gestão dos resíduos da construção civil nos municípios. Com o objetivo de auxiliar os municípios de pequeno porte no atendimento a essa legislação, desenvolveu-se um sistema de apoio ao gerenciamento desses resíduos, implementado por meio de um programa computacional (software). O sistema, composto de três estágios, com uma interface interativa e acessível, fornece primeiramente ao usuário as informações referentes aos RCDs necessárias para sua utilização. No segundo estágio, com base nessas informações, o usuário realiza a coleta de dados em campo e alimenta o sistema, que fornece um diagnóstico da situação atual dos RCD no município. No terceiro e último estágio o sistema fornece ao usuário alternativas/propostas de gestão dos RCD tais como a previsão da quantidade de pontos de entrega voluntária a ser instalado no município, possíveis destinações finais dos RCD de acordo com a classe e a quantidade gerada, caracterização do programa de informação ambiental e base, textos técnicos, entre outros. Nesse momento, o referido sistema encontra-se em processo de avaliação/atualização para implementação e disponibilidade de utilização.
Estudo da quantidade de jogadores em jogos reduzidos de handebol: mudança na dinâmica técnica e tática
Authors: CLEMENTE Filipe Manuel , ROCHA Rúben Filipe , MENDES Rui Sousa
Published: May 2014

O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de analisar os efeitos de diferentes formas de jogo (2 x 2, 3 x 3 e 4 x 4) de handebol no desempenho técnico e tático de alunos de Educação Física. Participaram no estudo oito alunos do sexo masculino (18,25 ± 1,04 anos de idade). Os indicadores que apresentaram diferenças significativas foram: contatos na bola, número de passes de ombro, passes de ombro completados e origem de pontos através de ataque organizado e contra-ataque. Conclui-se que as formas de jogo com menor número de alunos aumentaram a quantidade de ações técnicas e táticas, sugerindo-se estas formas numa fase inicial de aprendizagem.
Anticonvulsant profile of 2-ethylthio-7-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine
Authors: Estrada Martín Hermógenes , Insuasty Henry , Cuca Luis Enrique , Marder Mariel , Fierro Angélica , Guerrero Mario Francisco
Published: May 2014

This work evaluates the central nervous effects in ICR strain mice of 2-ethylthio-7-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine (MH4b1), a compound obtained by an efficient one-step reaction of S,S-diethyl 4-methylbenzoylimidodithiocarbonate with 5-amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole, in order to assess its neuro-pharmacological profile. The tests applied were: maximal electroshock seizure (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizures, forced swimming, plus maze, marble burying, sleeping time, rota-rod and catalepsy. In addition, MH4b1 binding to the benzodiazepine site of the GABA-A receptor and MH4b1 inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) subtypes A and B were evaluated. MH4b1 showed anticonvulsant effects in a dose dependent manner (30-300 mg/kg, p.o.) against MES and inhibition of MAO-B (IC50: 24.5 µM) without activity at the benzodiazepine site. These data suggest that MH4b1 has anticonvulsant properties related to MAO-B inhibition.
Auditory perceptual performance of children in the identification of contrasts between stressed vowels
Authors: Berti Larissa Cristina , Roque Lívia Mayra Rodrigues
Published: May 2014

Purpose: To assess the auditory perceptual performance of children in a task of identification of vowel contrasts, to classify which phonemes and vowel contrasts provide higher or lower degrees of difficulty, and to verify the influence of age in this performance. Methods: Data recordings of auditory perceptual performance of 66 children in a task of identification using the software Perception Evaluation Auditive & Visuelle (PERCEVAL) were selected from a database. The task consisted of presenting sound stimuli through headphones to children, who would then choose, from two pictures arranged on the computer screen, the one corresponding to the word they heard. The time between auditory inputs and the child's reaction was automatically computed in the software. Results: The perceptual accuracy was 88% and we found a positive correlation with the variable age. The time of response was significantly longer for incorrect answers as opposed to correct answers (p=0.00). Different degrees of similarity in auditory perception were observed, where front vowels were similar more often than back vowels. The tendency for errors was prevalent in the range of non-peripheral to peripheral vowels, which suggests that the latter may serve as a reference or perceptual anchor. Conclusion: The auditory perceptual ability concerning the identification of vowel contrasts is not yet established in the age group studied. The auditory perception of vowel contrasts occurs gradually and asymmetrically, as the order of acquisition in terms of production and perception was not always the same.
Telephinaand Other Trilobites from the Pratt Ferry Beds, Ordovician of Alabama, U.S.A.
Authors: Shaw Frederick C.
Published: May 2014

The Pratt Ferry beds are a three meter thick bioclastic carbonate unit containing thePygodus serrus–P. anserinusconodont zone boundary and lying just below theNemagraptus gracilisgraptolite zone at a single locality in Alabama.TelephinaMarek at Pratt Ferry and other eastern North American localities is represented by at least six species. These are judged widespread and in part conspecific with Scandinavian or Asian forms of similar age. Most of the fifteen Appalachian telephinid species proposed by Ulrich (1930) are reviewed and some synonymized.BevanopsisCooper is present, extending its stratigraphic range viaB. buttsi(Cooper). The original description ofCeraurinella buttsiCooper is augmented. Other recorded but poorly represented genera includeAmpyxina,Arthrorhachis,Calyptaulax,Hibbertia,Lonchodomas,Mesotaphraspis,Porterfieldia, andSphaerexochus. The entire faunule represents a mixture of ‘inshore’ and ‘offshore’ or planktonic faunal elements rarely seen elsewhere in the latest Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) of eastern North America.
First Mesozoic Thylacocephalans (Arthropoda, ?Crustacea; Cretaceous) in the Western Hemisphere: New Discoveries from the Muhi Quarry Lagerstätte
Authors: Hegna Thomas A. , Vega Francisco J. , González-Rodríguez Katia A.
Published: May 2014

The first Mesozoic thylacocephalans from the western hemisphere are documented from the Muhi Quarry plattenkalk in the La Negra facies of the El Doctor Formation (Albian–Cenomanian), Zimapán Area, northwestern Hidalgo, central Mexico. They all are found in a single horizon at the base of the type section. These specimens represent two new genera and species, and a third undetermined species which likely also represents a new genus and species.Victoriacaris muhiensisis a shorted-bodied thylacocephalan with concave anterior and posterior notches as well as a beveled anterior spine.Polzia eldoctorensisis trapezoidal in outline with a rounded posteroventral corner. The third undetermined species is known only from one broken specimen, but has distinctive marginal spines that are not possessed by any other post-Cambrian thylacocephalan. The occurrence of such a diverse fauna of thylacocephalans markedly increases the diversity and geographic range of Cretaceous thylacocephalans, but does not offer any insights into the tempo of thylacocephalan extinction at the end of the Cretaceous.
Epizoozoan Trepostome Bryozoans on Nautiloids from the Upper Ordovician (Katian) of the Cincinnati Arch Region, U.S.A.: An Assessment of Growth, form, and Water Flow Dynamics
Authors: Wyse Jackson Patrick N. , Key Marcus M. , Coakley Stephen P.
Published: May 2014

SpatioporaUlrich, 1882 is a trepostome bryozoan that is found encrusting living orthoconic nautiloids in the Upper Ordovician (Katian) of North America, as do several other bryozoans. These epizoozoan bryozoans are characterized by possessing thin unilaminate zoaria with rows of elongate maculae, which may be monticulate and aligned coaxially to the host growth axis. These develop a distinctive linear shape in response to growing on a conical host, rather than as a response to channelized water flow along the host. Monticules increase in size and spacing adorally until a maximum inter-macular area is reached that results in a decline in surface water flow efficiency, and a new monticular line is inserted. Orthocones normally swam forward at lower velocities that enabled lophophore eversion and feeding, which would have been impossible at the higher speeds reached when the host jetted backwards during escape. Monticules reduced drag and turbulence acting on the orthocones which allowed for more efficient venting of bryozoan macular excurrents. Characteristic elliptical monticule growth continued even after death of the motile host. ATrypanites-bryozoan-orthoconic nautiloid association shows a complex biological and taphonomic relationship between these organisms.
Effects of soil vegetation on shallow slope instability
Authors: Cecconi Manuela , Napoli Patrizio , Pane Vincenzo
Published: May 2014

Slope vegetation is currently finding wide applications all over the world to mitigate erosive phenomena and improve slope stability. A natural technology for slope protection has been recently developed in Italy; this uses only natural perennial grass plants with thin, deep roots with high tensile strength. The technology appears promising with regard to shallow slope instability because both the mechanical and hydrological effects of such a kind of soil vegetation may enhance the equilibrium conditions in the superficial (1 ÷ 2 m) portion of the slope. This short communication deals primarily with the positive mechanical effect of the roots in a simple infinite slope stability problem. With regard to the hydrological effects of the roots, some preliminary results of a numerical analysis are presented; in particular, for the specific case study herein discussed, such analysis allows highlighting the different roles played by deep roots permeating a cohesionless soil.
Carboniferous magmatism related to progressive pull-apart opening in the western French Massif Central
Authors: Rolin Patrick , Marquer Didier , Cartannaz Charles , Rossi Philippe
Published: May 2014

The Variscan continental collision induced the development of large crustal melting in the western French Massif Central, accompanied by emplacement and deformation of syn- to post-tectonic granites spatially related to normal and strike slip faulting. Our study focuses on the regional deformation and shear zone patterns in the Millevaches massif, one of the largest magmatic area of the French Massif Central. In this massif, the syn-tectonic intrusions are related i) to the dextral wrenching along the Treignac-Pradines shear zones and the Creuse faults system, and ii) to the coeval extension along the N000°–N020° normal faults on the western edge of the Millevaches massif (Bourganeuf and Argentat faults). The analysis of deformation and kinematics correlated to new datations of granites allow us to propose a pull-apart model to explain the tectono-magmatic evolution of this part of the Variscan belt from 350 Ma to 325 Ma. At that time, these granites intruded a “pull-apart” system bounded by two major N140°–160° dextral strike-slip zones operating in the middle continental crust during a bulk N020° regional shortening.

From 325 Ma to 320 Ma, a clockwise rotation of the regional shortening axis was responsible for the late reactivation of the N020° eastern Millevaches tectonic border as a dextral fault system (Felletin-Ambrugeat fault system). This NE-SW shortening displaced the N140°–160° Creuse fault system and induced a reverse motion along the northern border of the Millevaches massif (St-Michel-de-Veisse fault). This Visean tectono-magmatic event induced the late exhumation of the Millevaches massif with respect to surrounding units and favoured the widespread granite emplacement in this part of the Variscan belt.