bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Information and Communication Technology Recommendations for the Further Development of a Robust National e-Health Strategy for Epidemics and Pandemics
Authors: Handayani Putu Wuri , Yazid Setiadi , Bressan Stéphane , Sampe Agung Firmansyah
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to provide recommendations for information and communication technology strategy that can support government actions to overcome epidemics and pandemics in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach by conducting a narrative review and discussion with four experts in the field of information and communication technology. The results of this study are recommendations related to people, process, technology, and data. The recommendations are inspired by the success of Internet in establishing public and private collaboration. This research is intended to assist the government in formulating information and communication technology policies to support government and health organization actions to overcome epidemics and pandemics.
Cardio-Protective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors: Focus on Heart Failure
Authors: Karangelis Dimos , Mazer C. David , Stakos Dimitrios , Tzifa Aphrodite , Loggos Spiros , Verma Subodh , Mitropoulos Fotios
Published: November 2020

Background:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a considerable risk of cardiovascular
and renal diseases, including heart failure. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated
unprecedented cardiorenal protective effects in large-scale clinical trials of patients with or without diabetes
and either established cardiovascular disease (CV) or multiple CV risk factors.

Objective:

Herein we aim to focus on the role of SGLT2 inhibitors regarding the improvement in heart failure
outcomes and the proposed mechanisms of action by which these drugs confer their beneficial effect.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify eligible articles that are
comprehensively summarized and discussed in this study.

Results:

The most commonly discussed mechanisms of action are diuresis and natriuresis, reduction in preload,
afterload, and ventricular mass, as well as stimulation of erythropoietin production and improved myocardial energetics.
SGLT2 inhibitors improve outcomes in patients with established heart failure (HF) and reduce the risk
of death and HF admissions in patients with established chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), either
with or without diabetes.

Conclusion:

Potential key mechanisms that may explain the notable cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors
have been outlined. These agents have recently received class Ia recommendation in specific groups of people
with DM to lower the risk of hospitalization for HF and risk of death, while these benefits may also extend
to people without diabetes. It remains to be seen whether they will also emerge as treatment approaches in the
acute phase of CV episodes.
Plant NHX Antiporters: From Function to Biotechnological Application, with Case Study
Authors: Karim Rabeh , Bouchra Belkadi , Fatima Gaboun , Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf , Laila Sbabou
Published: November 2020

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that negatively affect crops worldwide.
Plants have evolved a series of mechanisms to cope with the limitations imposed by salinity.
Molecular mechanisms, including the upregulation of cation transporters such as the Na+/H+ antiporters,
are one of the processes adopted by plants to survive in saline environments. NHX antiporters
are involved in salt tolerance, development, cell expansion, growth performance and disease
resistance of plants. They are integral membrane proteins belonging to the widely distributed
CPA1 sub-group of monovalent cation/H+ antiporters and provide an important strategy for ionic
homeostasis in plants under saline conditions. These antiporters are known to regulate the
exchange of sodium and hydrogen ions across the membrane and are ubiquitous to all eukaryotic
organisms. With the genomic approach, previous studies reported that a large number of proteins
encoding Na+/H+ antiporter genes have been identified in many plant species and successfully introduced
into desired species to create transgenic crops with enhanced tolerance to multiple stresses.
In this review, we focus on plant antiporters and all the aspects from their structure, classification,
function to their in silico analysis. On the other hand, we performed a genome-wide search to identify
the predicted NHX genes in Argania spinosa L. We highlighted for the first time the presence
of four putative NHX (AsNHX1-4) from the Argan tree genome, whose phylogenetic analysis revealed
their classification in one distinct vacuolar cluster. The essential information of the four putative
NHXs, such as gene structure, subcellular localization and transmembrane domains was analyzed.
Isolation, Derivatization and Bioactive Properties of Natural Lignin Based Hydroxycinnamic Acids: A Review
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Goyal Mansi
Published: November 2020

Lignin, one of the major components of lignocellulosic materials, is the largest natural
source of aromatic building blocks on the planet having high service potential for producing valuable
chemicals and fuels. It is surrounded by an extensive network of hemicellulose and cellulose in lignocelluloses
such as agricultural residues, processing by-products, forestry residues, etc. Therefore, its
extraction needs proper procedures, which have been researched worldwide in the past few decades.
Lignin is a complex phenolic polymer with hydroxycinnamyl alcohols i.e. p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl
alcohol and sinapyl alcohol as its monomers. Also, lignin based phenolic acids i.e. substituted
hydroxycinnamic acids such as p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, are core
structural moieties in various drug categories such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-
tyrosinase, antihistamine, antirheumatic and anti-thrombosis agents. Therefore, differently substituted
hydroxycinnamic acids isolated from lignin have been explored recently with a view of dual advantage
of valorization of unavoidable wastes; and exploiting drugs, which would probably have no
harmful side effects because of their natural origin. In this review, recent research findings on the extraction
of lignin followed by classification of natural phenolic acids, isolation of substituted hydroxycinnamic
acids from lignin and their derivatization for various bioactive properties are discussed.
Beta-Blockers and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Siordia Juan A.
Published: November 2020

Background:

Aortic aneurysms are worrisome because of their predisposition to dissection
and rupture. Beta-blockers are considered first-line therapy for aortic aneurysms. The following
meta-analysis assesses if beta-blockers diminish aortic aneurysm growth.

Methods:

A literature search was performed to collect information on clinical trials that have assessed
aortic aneurysm growth between beta-blockers and placebo. The primary endpoint was aortic
aneurysm growth rate per year. A forest plot with a random-effects model was used for analysis.

Results:

Eight clinical trials were included in the analysis. Beta-blockers showed a statistically
non-significant effect on aortic aneurysm growth (standard mean difference -0.44; 95% CI [-0.44,
0.00]).

Conclusion:

Beta-blockers do not significantly influence aortic aneurysm growth. Further studies
are required to find a suitable medical therapy to reduce growth rates.
Development and Validation of Teneligliptin Stereoisomers by HPLC Using Cellulose Based Immobilized Polysaccharide Chiral Stationary Phase
Authors: Gunnam Srinivasu , Choppari Thirupathi , Lakshmi Narayana Chennuru , Cherla Parameswara Murthy , Siddiqui Sarah Imam
Published: November 2020

Background:

There is no single chiral method for the quantitation of teneligliptin
stereoisomers by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Hence, there is a need for the
quantification of teneligliptin (TNGP) and its stereoisomers.

Objective:

The main aim of the research work is to develop a novel simple, selective, precise and
accurate HPLC method for the separation of TNGP and its stereoisomers.

Methods:

Different screening trials were executed by changing the mobile phase compositions to
normal phase and polar mode and also by utilizing the different immobilized polysaccharide chiral
columns like CHIRALPAK IA, IC, ID, IE, IF and IG. All the stereoisomers were eluted with high
resolution, on CHIRALPAK IC-3 (4.6×250 mm), 3 μm chiral stationary phase (CSP) with a flow
rate of 0.7 mL/min. The chromatographic system was processed with isocratic mode comprising
ethanol: acetonitrile: ethanolamine in the proportion of 90:10:0.1% v/v/v with a column oven temperature
of 15°C and detection wavelength of 250 nm.

Results:

The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of TNGP(API),
R,S-isomer, S,R-isomer and R,R-isomer were found to be 0.036/0.11, 0.029/0.09, 0.038/0.011 and
0.020/0.06 μg/mL, respectively. The method was found to be precise, accurate and linear (R2 >
0.999).

Conclusion:

The developed method was successfully applied for the quantification of bulk drug
without any interference with the extraneous components. Hence, the method can be utilized successfully
in the pharmaceutical organizations for the separation and quantification of TNGP
isomers.
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Five Gliptins in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms in Finished Marketed Products
Authors: Alkather Zainab , Hailat Mohammad , Al-Shdefat Ramadan , Abu Dayyih Wael
Published: November 2020

Aim:

The aim is to develop and validate a single quantitative method for all DPP-IV inhibitors
(Alogliptin, Vildagliptin, Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, and Linagliptin).

Background:

Metformin is the most used antihyperglycemic drug in diabetes, therefore it is preferred
to be combined with other classes of antihyperglycemic drugs, specially gliptins. Formulating
these two drug classes in one pharmaceutical dosage form would be more efficacious to control
hyperglycemia than having either drug alone.

Objective:

This study was designed and performed to develop a new, simple, and reliable method
of analysis for assaying simultaneously five types of gliptins (Alogliptin, Linagliptin, Saxagliptin,
Sitagliptin, and Vildagliptin) and Metformin, which has not been documented before.

Methods:

The present method was carried out using a C18 column (250x4.6 mm), 5μm particle
size, mobile phase consisting of water to acetonitrile ratio 85:15% (v/v) and the pH was set by orthophosphoric
acid at 3, 10 μl injection volume, 0.5 ml flow rate, 25oC temperature, and the eluent
was monitored at 232 nm.

Results:

The assay's selectivity showed no interference with inactive ingredients in the formulation,
and the %recovery from each drug dosage forms at three different concentrations were within
the acceptable limits of the ICH guidelines. Although the method showed robustness towards the
flow rate, it showed significant change at 230 or 234 nm.

Conclusion:

The present analytical method is comprehensive and universal for measuring the five
drugs and Metformin. Such an analytical method can be applied to the present available combined
drug dosage forms of Metformin and one type of gliptins and the possible future of triple combinations
of two gliptins and Metformin.
Potential Therapeutic Targets of Curcumin, Most Abundant Active Compound of Turmeric Spice: Role in the Management of Various Types of Cancer
Authors: Almatroodi Saleh A. , Syed Mansoor Ali , Rahmani Arshad Husain
Published: November 2020

Background::

Curcumin, an active compound of turmeric spice, is one of the most-studied natural compounds and has been widely recognized as a chemopreventive agent. Several molecular mechanisms have proven that curcumin and its analogs play a role in cancer prevention through modulating various cell signaling pathways as well as in the inhibition of the carcinogenesis process.

Objective::

To study the potential role of curcumin in the management of various types of cancer through modulating cell signalling molecules based on available literature and recent patents.

Methods::

A wide-ranging literature survey was performed based on Scopus, PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google scholar for the implication of curcumin in cancer management, along with a special emphasis on human clinical trials. Moreover, patents were searched through www.google.com/patents, www.freepatentsonline.com, and www.freshpatents.com.

Result::

Recent studies based on cancer cells have proven that curcumin has potential effects against cancer cells as it prevents the growth of cancer and acts as a cancer therapeutic agent. Besides, curcumin exerted anti-cancer effects by inducing apoptosis, activating tumor suppressor genes, cell cycle arrest, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, initiation, promotion, and progression stages of tumor. It was established that co-treatment of curcumin and anti-cancer drugs could induce apoptosis and also play a significant role in the suppression of the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.

Conclusion::

Accumulating evidences suggest that curcumin has the potential to inhibit cancer growth, induce apoptosis, and modulate various cell signaling pathway molecules. Well-designed clinical trials of curcumin based on human subjects are still needed to establish the bioavailability, mechanism of action, efficacy, and safe dose in the management of various cancers.
ESBLA: An Edge-Significance Based Modified Louvain Algorithm for
Event Detection from Tweets
Authors: Singh Jagrati , Singh Anil Kumar
Published: November 2020

Background:

Social media is a platform where people shares various information. Twitter is the most popular platform to share information about real-world events. The relevant information for people based on their interest in an event, attracts more and more public attention. The shared information could pertain to either local events (such as natural disasters, protests, or accidents) or global events (such as political events, wars, or international news with high impact).

Objective:

Event detection via tweets saves a lot of time to read thousands of tweets and informs users about the major events.

Methods:

This article proposes a graph modeling approach, which automatically extracts important information from tweets concerning local or global events. The proposed approach consists of three major components. The first component selects the candidate terms for an event using a modified Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) weighting scheme, which is suitable for Twitter dynamics. The second component proposes an event detection algorithm - Edge-Significance Based modified Louvain Algorithm (ESBLA), which clusters the event terms using modified Louvain algorithm. ESBLA improvise Louvain 1 through the utilization of significant edges. The last component detects the location of an event using the content-based technique.

Results:

The proposed approach is compared with existing approaches for the detection of events from tweets. The experimental results on labeled and real-time data show that the proposed approach is better than the compared approaches.

Conclusion:

The proposed event detection approach extracts events with a high degree of quality and run-time performance over the existing methods used for the event detection.
Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm from Subclinical Mastitis Milk
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia, Lesmana Muhamad Arfan , Qosimah Dahliatul ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Murwani Sri ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: November 2020

One of S.aureus's virulence factors is biofilm formation. When biofilms are formed, the bacteria will undergo phenotypic changes that require higher concentrations of antibiotics to inhibit proliferation. Phenotypic changes will lead to increase the production of extracellular matrix and multilayered colonies as well as decrease of metabolic rates, multiplication and polymicrobial colonization resulting in recurrent infection in the host and difficulty being treated with antibiotics due to resistance. The aim of this research was to know the formation of bacterial biofim by slime and quantitative by microplate titer method. The research method was qualitative descriptive using 27 samples of Staphylococcus aureus with characterized from mastitis infected milk. The bacteria were grown on CRA (Congo Red Agar) media to observe the slime biofilm through bacteria black colony followed by MicrotiterPlate method with 570nm wave lenght. The results showed that 27 samples of Staphylococcus aureus which positive to form slime biofilm were 10 samples and continued to microtiter plate showed 3 positive samples of biofilm. The conclusions of this study, Staphylococcus aureus in subclinical mastitis milk samples were positive to form biofilms.
The Routine Histopatological Examination-Chicken with Suspect Coryza (Stress Related Disease)
Authors:   Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, Brawijaya University Indonesia  Dept. Pathology Anatomy, Haryo Albiruni , Enola Janice ,   Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, Brawijaya University
Published: November 2020

Coryza (snot) kown as respiratory disease in chickens caused by Haemophilus paragalinarum. Coryza is a disease that often occurs and results in large economic losses impact. The aim of this study was to look and diagnose changes in macroscopic and microscopic (histopathology) in chickens that have been examined and suspected of Coryza (snot) disease. The organs examined are palpabrae (eyes), trachea, pancreas and cerebellum. Examining and observing macroscopic changes, swelling of the palpabrae, tracheal hemorrhages and pancreatic hemorrhages and cerebellum were normal. Microscopic changes seen in palpabrae are oedema, hemorrhage and blood clot found, tracheal epithelial erosion, hemorrhage, multiplication of goblet cells and inflammatory infiltration of PMN cells, pancreas shown there is an inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis necrosis, and infiltrating cell inflammation in cerebellum. From examinations and observations it can be concluded that macroscopic and microscopic changes lead to the suspected Coryza (snot) disease.
The Ointment of Peel Dragon Fruit (Hylicereus costaricensis) Extract Decreased the Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Expression and the Number of Mononuclear Inflammation Cells toward Open Wound in Skin of Rats Wistar
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Permata Fajar Shodiq , Febrianto Ahmad ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia
Published: November 2020

Open wounds healing is need more time because of the long inflammatory phase. Dragon fruit skin contains flavonoids and vitamin C which function as anti-inflammatory and cell regeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic effects of dragon fruit skin extract ointment (Hylicereus costaricensis) on the area of IL-2 expression and the number of mononuclear inflammatory cells in skin tissue in open wounds of rats (Rattus norvegicus) for 6 days of treatment. As many as 20 male rats, ± 180 grams, Wistar were divided into 5 groups namely negative control, positive control, ointment of dragon fruit skin extract with concentration of 5% (P1), concentration of 10% (P2) and concentration of 15% (P3). Wound formed as dorsal skin biopsy of dorsal 1x1 cm. Ointment was given topically 2x/day for 6 days. Rats were euthanized on day 7th and the skin tissues of the wound area were collected. The number of mononuclear inflammatory cells was counted in skin slides of HE staining and Expression Area expression of IL-2 was measured by ImmunoRatio® in immunohistochemical slides. Data were analyzed statistically using One Way ANOVA and Tukey Post Hoc Test. The results showed that dragon fruit skin extract ointment was able to reduce significantly (p<0.05) for area expression of IL-2 and the number of mononuclear inflammatory cells and the best concentration of ointment for treatment was 15%. This is due to the effect of flavonoids as anti-inflammatory and vitamin C as a trigger for cell regeneration. The conclusion of the study was that ointment of dragon fruit peel able to become a candidate for therapeutic medicine for open wounds.
Prevalence and Predisposing factors of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Bakir, Sukomulyo Village, Batu Regency
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia  Laboratorium Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fatmawati Mira , Setianingrum Ani ,   Brawijaya University  Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Haskito Ajeng Erika Prihastuti ,   Brawijaya University  Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji
Published: November 2020

Udder inflammation in dairy cows known as mastitis is still a major problem in dairy industry. Economic loss caused by mastitis burden on farmers due to decrease on milk yield and decrease on the milk quality. Most of traditional farmers recognize clinical mastitis as the symptoms was obvious, while subclinical mastitis were not easy to detect and can be potential source of infection for the herd. Detection on subclinical mastitis were using indirect test california mastitis test (CMT) and direct test with Somatic Cell Count (SCC). This research was a cross sectional study using udder quarters milk sample from traditional dairy farms in Bakir, Sukomulyo village, Batu regency. Field test conduct uding CMT and SCC counting in laboratorium. Data collection using Questionnaire were conduct to asses predisposing variables on farmers. Result shows prevalence of subclinical mastitis based on SCC was 60,22% and based on CMT 18,20% of quarter sampels. Predisposing factors that have effect on mastitis were the sanitation of the cow and the farm before and after the milking process.
The Method of Total Erythrocyte and Leukocyte Counting in Raptors at Wildlife Rescue Centre (WRC) Jogja
Authors:   Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Brawijaya, Hardian Andreas Bandang , Nugrahani Warih Pulung ,   Wildlife Rescue Centre Jogja, Yayasan Konservasi Alam Yogyakarta, Rahmawati Irhamna Putri ,   Wildlife Rescue Centre Jogja, Yayasan Konservasi Alam Yogyakarta, Megarani Dorothea Vera ,   Departemen Patologi Klinik, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: November 2020

Most of raptor species rehabilitated for conservation purpose at WRC Jogja are eagles. Annually, we perform general raptor examination involving conventional routine hematologic examination. However, low sample quality and over dense blood cell population during total erythrocyte and leukocyte counting were deemed as obstacles. This study aimed to give wider insight in how total erythrocyte and leukocyte counting was performed at WRC Jogja to overcome those obstacles. Firstly, handling and restraint were done physically adapting the Aba method. One-to-two half millilitres of blood was collected from the ulnar vein using 3-ml-syringe with 24-gauge-needle which was then preserved in an EDTA-containing tube and proceeded to subsequent method no more than 3 hours after collection. No hypovolemic shock was observed. During total erythrocyte and leukocyte counting using Neubauer-ruled counting chamber, we modified the dilution factor to be 250-fold and 50-fold respectively. This method yielded a countable cell density and can be applied in other species in similar condition.
An Expansion of the Beneficial Outcomes Associated With the Proactive Employee
Authors: Slatten Lisa Anne , Carson Kerry David , Baker David S. , Phillips Carson Paula
Published: November 2020

The study examined outcomes associated with the proactive individual by analyzing the responses of employees who worked in the health and human services sector primarily providing direct care to patients/clients. Of the 271 respondents, 242 completed the entire online survey which tapped, in addition to proactivity, the constructs of work-group cohesion, compassion satisfaction, burnout, and job withdrawal intentions. While correlations were appraised, the principal analysis of the data was conducted using partial least squares (PLS) path modeling. As predicted the antecedent variable, proactivity, was positively related to work-group cohesion and to compassion satisfaction but negatively related to burnout and job withdrawal intentions.
Effect of the Pregnant+ Smartphone App on the Dietary Behavior of Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Garnweidner-Holme Lisa , Henriksen Lena , Torheim Liv Elin , Lukasse Mirjam
Published: November 2020

Background

The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. A healthy diet and stable blood glucose levels during pregnancy can prevent adverse health outcomes for the mother and the newborn child. Mobile health may be a useful supplement to prenatal care, providing women with targeted dietary information concerning GDM.

Objective

We analyzed secondary data from a two-arm, multicentered, nonblinded randomized controlled trial to determine if a smartphone app with targeted dietary information and blood glucose monitoring had an effect on the dietary behavior of women with GDM.

Methods

Women with a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test level of ≥9 mmol/L were individually randomized to either the intervention group receiving the Pregnant+ app and usual care or the control group receiving usual care only. Eligible women were enrolled from 5 diabetes outpatient clinics in the Oslo region, Norway, between October 2015 and April 2017. The Pregnant+ app promoted 10 GDM-specific dietary recommendations. A healthy dietary score for Pregnant+ (HDS-P+) was constructed from a 41-item food frequency questionnaire and used to assess the intervention effect on the dietary behavior completed at trial entry and at around gestation week 36. Dietary changes from baseline to week 36 were examined by a paired sample two-tailed t test. Between-group dietary differences after the intervention were estimated with analysis of covariance, with adjustment for baseline diet.

Results

A total of 238 women participated: 115 were allocated to the intervention group and 123 to the control group. Of the 238 women, 193 (81.1%) completed the food frequency questionnaire both at baseline and around gestational week 36. All the participants showed improvements in their HDS-P+ from baseline. However, the Pregnant+ app did not have a significant effect on their HDS-P+. The control group reported a higher weekly frequency of choosing fish meals (P=.05). No other significant differences were found between the intervention and control groups. There were no significant demographic baseline differences between the groups, except that more women in the intervention group had a non-Norwegian language as their first language (61 vs 46; P=.02).

Conclusions

Our findings do not support the supplementation of face-to-face follow-up of women with GDM with a smartphone app in the presence of high-standard usual care, as the Pregnant+ app did not have a beneficial effect on pregnant women’s diet.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02588729; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02588729
Mitigating Health Risks to Reopen a Clinical Research Laboratory During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Framework
Authors: Walker Eloise M , Jasper Alice E , Davis Lauren , Yip Kay Por , Faniyi Aduragbemi A , Hughes Michael J , Crisford Helena A , Spittle Daniella A , Sapey Elizabeth , Belchamber Kylie B R , Scott Aaron
Published: November 2020

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many countries implementing lockdown procedures, resulting in the suspension of laboratory research. With lockdown measures now easing in some areas, many laboratories are preparing to reopen. This is particularly challenging for clinical research laboratories due to the dual risk of patient samples carrying the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and the risk to patients being exposed to research staff during clinical sampling. To date, no confirmed transmission of the virus has been confirmed within a laboratory setting; however, operating processes and procedures should be adapted to ensure safe working of samples of positive, negative, or unknown COVID-19 status.

Objective

In this paper, we propose a framework for reopening a clinical research laboratory and resuming operations with the aim to maximize research capacity while minimizing the risk to research participants and staff.

Methods

This framework was developed by consensus among experienced laboratory staff who have prepared to reopen a clinical research laboratory.

Results

Multiple aspects need to be considered to reopen a clinical laboratory. We describe our process to stratify projects by risk, including assessment of donor risk and COVID-19 clinical status, the COVID-19 status of the specific sample type, and how to safely process each sample type. We describe methods to prepare the laboratory for safe working including maintaining social distancing through signage, one-way systems and access arrangements for staff and patients, limiting staff numbers on site and encouraging home working for all nonlaboratory tasks including data analysis and writing. Shared equipment usage was made safe by adapting booking systems to allow for the deployment of cleaning protocols. All risk assessments and standard operating procedures were rewritten and approved by local committees, and staff training was initiated to ensure compliance.

Conclusions

Laboratories can adopt and adapt this framework to expedite reopening a clinical laboratory during the current COVID-19 pandemic while mitigating the risk to research participants and staff.
Association Between LGB Sexual Orientation and Depression Mediated by Negative Social Media Experiences: National Survey Study of US Young Adults
Authors: Escobar-Viera César G , Shensa Ariel , Sidani Jaime , Primack Brian , Marshal Michael P
Published: November 2020

Background

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) persons are disproportionately affected by depression and have high social media use rates. Negative social media experiences may modify depressive symptoms among LGB persons. We sought to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the potential influence of negative social media experiences on the association between LGB orientation and depression.

Methods

We performed a web-based survey of a national sample of US young adults aged 18-30 years. We assessed the respondents’ LGB orientation, negative social media experiences, and depression using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. We used generalized structural equation modeling to assess both the direct and indirect effects (via negative social media experiences) of LGB orientation on depression while controlling for relevant demographic and personal characteristics.

Results

We found a conditional indirect effect (ab path) of LGB orientation on depressive symptoms via negative social media experience (a: observed coefficient 0.229; P<.001; bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI 0.162-0.319, and b: observed coefficient 2.158; P<.001; bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI 1.840-2.494). The results show that among LGB respondents, for those who reported negative social media experiences in the past year, a 1 unit increase in these experiences was associated with a 0.494 unit increase in depressive symptomatology.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that higher rates of depression among LGB young adults are partially explained by negative social media experiences; these results could help inform future patient/provider conversations about mental health risk and protective factors related to social media use. Reducing these experiences and increasing positive social media experiences among LGB persons may mitigate depressive symptomatology in this population.
Transformando al mundo y a México. Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 2030: justicia, bienestar, igualdad y paz con perspectiva de género
Authors: Velázquez Gutiérrez Margarita
Published: November 2020

Este libro aporta reflexiones críticas e interdisciplinarias que han tenido lugar entre sectores gubernamentales, académicos y grupos sociales sobre los retos de los ciudadanos para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 2030. México, así como el estado de Morelos muestran rezagos severos en los 17 objetivos diseñados. En ese contexto. esta obra, dividida en seis partes. explora potenciales futuros y amenazas relacionadas con las sociedades de aprendizaje, la paz y la seguridad, así como las alternativas económicas ante una creciente robotización y el consiguiente desempleo y la precariedad de la vida de las grandes mayorías. Aborda cómo la estigmatización de ciertas regiones como "violentas" limita la capacidad ciudadana y el potencial creativo de los y las jóvenes, mientras que mediante ciertos cambios en la calidad educativa y el buentrato se puede reestablecer la convivencia y el bienestar en las escuelas. Estudia cómo el balance emocional contribuye a las fortalezas de carácter y que los métodos psicológicos y psicoñsiológicos ayudan a entender los estados de salud de una persona. y así reducir el estrés. Finalmente, son las transformaciones en la construcción social de género con masculinidades y feminidades, y las leyes de hospitalidad las que permitirán mejorar la vida de los trashumantes y ofrecerles hospitalidad y calidad de vida.
Entre la colaboración y el anclaje: Unidad IIMAS-UNAM en Mérida
Authors: Santos Corral María Josefa , De Gortari Rabiela Rebeca Nadia Ximena
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: analizar y documentar las estrategias de vinculación y posterior anclaje de la UNAM a las regiones donde han establecido sedes foráneas, tomando como ejemplo la Unidad Mérida del IIMAS.Método: revisión de la literatura acerca del anclaje y del sistema científico y tecnológico de Yucatán. Estancia de campo durante un mes en la ciudad de Mérida, en la sede del Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UNAM. Entrevistas a investigadores, técnicos académicos y estudiantes de esta sede, y a diferentes actores del sistema científico y tecnológico del estado de Yucatán; además, de la asistencia a reuniones de académicos y estudiantes.Resultados: análisis y documentación de las estrategias seguidas por los distintos grupos de investigación, y por autoridades universitarias, para anclar a la UNAM en el Estado de Yucatán. En algunos grupos éstas comienzan con la docencia (muy claramente en el IIMAS); mientras que  otros, como el CEPCHIS, los laboratorios de la Facultad de Química, o el del Instituto de Ecología, incluyen actores y problemas locales en sus agendas de investigación.Limitaciones: completar el estudio documentando la opinión de los actores locales sobre los trabajos que la UNAM ha hecho en la región. Pues, aunque se hicieron entrevistas, faltó tiempo para conocer a detalle la perspectiva local.Principales hallazgos: documentar las oportunidades, limitaciones y retos a los que se enfrentan las universidades latinoamericanas en el proceso de legitimación, para anclarse en distintas regiones de los países de donde son originarias. El caso de la UNAM es especialmente relevante, porque muestra cómo una gran universidad de un país muy centralizado ha seguido estrategias formales de descentralización, que se complementan con los mecanismos informales que los investigadores encuentran para poder continuar con su trabajo en condiciones, a veces, muy distintas a las que se tienen en las sedes universitarias con mayores recursos.
MIL Competency Framework: Mapping Media and Information Competencies
Authors: Durán Becerra Tomás , Lau Jesus
Published: November 2020

This article explores a literature review on different proposals to assess media and information literacy (MIL) competencies in citizens seeking to define the fundamental MIL skills and competencies to be considered in national curricula and assessment schemes. The study is based on qualitative content analysis to map and systematize the main MIL frameworks, research reports, and their practical applications/experiences. This qualitative technique allows the combination of categories (dimensions) and correlation of individual indicators (skills and capabilities) to group subcategories (components). The study inquires Unesco’s framework, as well as the authors upon which this theoretical approach was built, together with the European Commission’s views on media education. It gathers their principal propositions on media competence assessment and sets a reflection on information literacy and Educommunication as a contribution strongly developed in the Ibero-American context. A broad analysis of digital competencies related to media and information literacy is also included in the study. A new interpretation is given to the studied concepts to draw a structured systematization of competences on media and information literacy that sets a framework to assess and design MIL programs, actions or curricula. Finally, it proposes a map of skills and competences in MIL that allows the future creation of methodologies and strategies for the visibility, promotion, strengthening or evaluation of MIL.
Disposiciones de consumo informativo digital en estudiantes de periodismo
Authors: Sibrian Díaz Nairbis Desiree , Maureira González Paulina Loreto , Bustos Vicente
Published: November 2020

Desde hace algunas décadas, la convergencia de medios a través de pantallas, la digitalización de los procesos comunicativos y la emergencia de nuevas prácticas informativas reconfiguran el ejercicio y la formación periodística. El presente artículo muestra los resultados de un estudio exploratorio en torno a la manera en que los estudiantes de periodismo se informan en la actualidad y discriminan cierto contenido noticioso. El objetivo es indagar las disposiciones y preferencias de consumo informativo de estudiantes de periodismo. Para ello, se aplicó un sondeo de opinión a estudiantes de segundo año de dos universidades privadas de la Región Metropolitana de Chile como muestra intencionada. La investigación sugiere que existen habilidades digitales generalizadas en los estudiantes con énfasis distintos al informarse, es decir, esquemas de percepción que podrían generar distinciones entre preferencias informativas y verificación de la información recibida según el género y la universidad en la que estudian. Además, un ejercicio en línea realizado posteriormente arrojó que, pese a la prevalencia de habilidades digitales, sus prácticas informativas distan de una valoración noticiosa basada en métodos de comprobación.
Electrokinetic properties of chemically modified jute fabrics
Authors: Ivanovska Aleksandra , Kostic Mirjana
Published: November 2020

In this work, the electrokinetic properties of alkali and oxidatively modified jute fabrics were studied. In contrast to the control fabric, chemically modified jute fabrics had a small positive zeta potential in the basic pH range, which could be attributed to the presence of sodium cations (originating from the undertaken chemical modifications) on their surfaces. At lower pH values, the samples modified under milder alkali and oxidative conditions had about 2.2?3.5 times lower zeta potential since the protonation process led to the formation of a higher positive charge in the electrochemical double layer, causing higher adsorption of Cl- (originating from the electrolyte). On the other hand, more intensive chemical modifications increased the zeta potential at lower pH values due to the increased amount of carboxyl groups and the ability of the fibres for water retention and hence swelling. The isoelectric point of the fabrics, having lower zeta potentials than that of the control fabric, was shifted towards higher pH values, indicating to a lower contribution of surface acidic groups of the fabrics. In the case of extensive oxidation conditions (60 and 90 min), the isoelectric point was shifted toward lower pH values because of lignin removal and the mentioned higher availability of newly formed carboxyl groups.
Nanofluid flow comprising gyrotactic microbes through a porous medium - a numerical study
Authors: Ahmad Sohail , Ashraf Muhammad , Ali Kashif
Published: November 2020

Researchers have significantly contributed to heat transfer field and always
made out much effort to find new solutions of heat transfer augmentation. In
the concerned work, we have presented a novel study regarding heat and mass
transfer flow of nanofluid in the presence of gyrotactic microbes through a
porous medium past a stretching sheet. The nonlinear coupled ODEs are
obtained after applying the persuasive tool of similarity transformation on
governing model PDEs and then tackled numerically by exploiting the SOR
(Successive over Relaxation) parameter method. The outcomes of assorted
parameters for the flow are surveyed and discussed through graphs and
tables. A graphical comparison is correlated with previously accomplished
study and examined to be in an exceptional agreement. The culminations
designate that the bioconvection Peclet number and microorganism
concentration difference parameter enhance density of the motile
microorganisms. Moreover, porosity parameter substantially increases shear
stress on sheet surface. The addition of nanoparticles in microorganisms is
beneficial to improvise the thermal efficiency of many systems like bacteria
powered micro-mixers, microfluidics devices like micro-volumes and enzyme
biosensor, microbial fuel cells and bio-microsystems like chip-shaped
microdevices.
T-history analysis of aspect ratio effect on subcooling and solidification behaviour of phase change material in vertical glass tubes
Authors: Rudra Murthy , Gumtapure Veershetty
Published: November 2020

The study deals with the effect of the tube aspect ratio on subcooling and the solidification behaviour of phase change material using the T-history method and is compared with the differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Three tubes of different aspect ratios, l/d, and a constant length of 178 mm are chosen for this study. Infrared contour depicts that the inner surface of the glass tube and phase change materia initiate heterogeneous nucleation. The differential scanning calorimetry heat flow graph indicates a higher degree of subcooling than T-history method. The study of aspect ratio with and without insulation shows that the mean value of degree of subcooling is less in the insulated tube than non-insulated tube due to reduced cooling rate. The effect of the high aspect ratio is to increase the degree of subcooling due to increased cooling rate and, however, decrease the sensible heat discharge time to reach the plateau, tplt.
Plasma Methylglyoxal Levels Are Associated With Amputations and Mortality in Severe Limb Ischemia Patients With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Hanssen Nordin M.J. , Teraa Martin , Scheijen Jean L.J.M. , Van de Waarenburg Marjo , Gremmels Hendrik , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Verhaar Marianne C. , Schalkwijk Casper G.
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes is a risk factor for severe limb ischemia (SLI), a condition associated with high mortality, morbidity, and limb loss. The reactive glucose-derived dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major precursor for advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and a potential driver of cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether plasma MGO levels are associated with poor outcomes in SLI.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We measured plasma levels of MGO, free AGEs, and d-lactate, the detoxification end product of MGO, with ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry at baseline in 160 patients (64.8 ± 13.3 years, 67.5% male, 37.5% with diabetes) with no-option SLI and recorded major adverse outcomes (n = 86, comprising n = 53 deaths and n = 49 amputations [first event counted]) over the 5-year follow-up. Data were analyzed with linear or Cox regression, after Ln-transformation of the independent variables, adjusted for sex, age, trial arm, diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and BMI. Associations are reported per 1 SD plasma marker.

RESULTS

Higher plasma MGO levels were associated with more adverse outcomes (relative risk 1.44; 95% CI 1.11–1.86) and amputations separately (1.55; 1.13–2.21). We observed a similar but weaker trend for mortality (1.28; 0.93–1.77). The MGO-derived AGE Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine was also associated with more adverse outcomes (1.46; 1.00–2.15) and amputations (1.71; 1.04–2.79). d-Lactate was not associated with adverse incident outcomes. Higher plasma MGO levels were also associated with more inflammation and white blood cells and fewer progenitor cells.

CONCLUSIONS

Plasma MGO levels are associated with adverse outcomes in SLI. Future studies should investigate whether MGO-targeting therapies improve outcomes in SLI.
INTERTEKSTUAL DALAM NOVEL RAHVAYANA: ADA YANG TIADA KARYA SUJIWO TEJO
Authors: Naililhaq Fikha Nada
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeksripsikan bentuk intertekstual dalam novel Rahvayana karya Sujiwo Tejo dengan Ramayana karya P. Lal. Kedua karya tersebut dipilih karena mempunyai konsep intertekstual. Intertekstual merupakan kajian tentang perbandingan dua teks yang mempunyai kesamaan, satu karya sebagai karya hipogram dan karya lainnya menjadi karya transformasi. Dari penelitian ini, ditemukan bentuk intertekstual melalui karakter tokoh Rahwana, Sinta, dan Rama. Rahwana dan Sinta merupakan tokoh sentral yang memiliki perbedaan karakter dengan teks hipogramnya. Sementara Rama digambarkan dengan karakter yang sama terhadap teks hipogramnya. Selain itu, juga terdapat kebaruan dalam novel Rahvayana yang berhubungan dengan makna filosofisnya.
PENGARUH MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA SMA PADA MATERI SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA
Authors: Barus Rehulina , Sitompul Aida Fitriani
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pemeblajaran group investigation (GI) terhadap keterampilanproses sains siswa kelas XI MIA di SMA Negeri 5 Medan pada tahun pembelajaran 2015/2016 pada praktikumsystem eksresi pada manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen , dengan penyajian data deskriptif.Sampel yang digunakan adalah kelas XI MIA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan XI MIA 6 sebagai kelas control.Pengambilan sampel menggunakan tehnik random sampling. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini yaitu modelpembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah keterampilan proses sains siswa.keterampilan proses sains siswa di lihat dari 9 keterampilan, yaitu keterampilan membuat pertanyaan,keterampilan merumuskan hipotesis, keterampilan merencanakan percobaan, keterampilan menggunakan alatdan bahan, keterampilan melakuakan observasi, keterampilan menginterpretasikan data pengamatan,keterampilan mengklasifikasikan hasil pembahasan, keterampilan menerapkan konsep dan keterampilanmengkomunikasikan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi menggunakan rubrik penilaian diperoleh skor keterampilanproses sains siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model Group Investigation (GI) lebih tinggi dibandingkandengan siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan pembelajaran langsung (84,33 > 67,52). Berdasarkan hasil tersebutdapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) berpengaruh terhadap keterampilanproses sains siswa.Kata kunci : Group Investigation, Keterampilan Proses Sains, Sistem eksresi