bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importancia de la Seguridad Higiene y Salud de la Mipymes de Escárcega Campeche
Authors: Cruz Castellanos Adrian Enrique , Manrique Vaught Elide Guadalupe , Polanco Solis Georgina Izamari , Guzmán Damián David , Ramos Baños Jorge Ramón
Published: July 2024

La seguridad, higiene y salud en el trabajo es un tema interesante y de gran relevancia en las diferentes etapas del desarrollo histórico de la sociedad, se considera que la seguridad, higiene y salud es una disciplina que trata de la prevención de las lesiones, enfermedades. El objetivo es que la seguridad, higiene y salud en la localidad de Escárcega, es que las empresas establezcan medidas para eliminar, disminuir y controlar los riesgos a los trabajadores y tener un buen ambiente laboral. El método cuantitativo como también el estudio fue descriptivo que se utilizó y posteriormente es transferida a los estudios sociales, producto de los diferentes procesos experimentales que pueden ser medibles, su objetivo de estudio permite realizar proyecciones, generalizaciones. Los resultados obtenidos mediante encuestas aplicadas a 220 empresas de Escárcega el sector de servicio donde se realizaron las 6 preguntas principales para brindar la información correspondiente requerida, para obtener el objetivo de esta publicación. En las tablas se muestran los resultados obtenidos por cada encuesta respondida por los patrones de las empresas, algunas respuestas están de acuerdo que la seguridad, higiene y salud en las áreas a las que corresponden, pueden evitar riesgos.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Work models to learn to entrepreneur in journalism
Authors: Peinado-Miguel Fernando , Rodriguez-Barba Dolores
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: Peinado Miguel, F., & Rodriguez Barba, D. (2023). Work models to learn to entrepreneur in journalism. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v14.4829
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Entrepreneurship as a job opportunity for women graduates in tourism
Authors: López-Gómez Laura
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: López Gómez, L. (2023). Entrepreneurship as a job opportunity for women graduates in tourism. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–10. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v14.4836
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Stress in small businessmen from Barranquille in the framework of virtual econo¬mic activity due to confinement in Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Ortiz Luis Carlos
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: Cárdenas Ortiz, L, C. (2023). Stress in small businessmen from Barranquille in the framework of virtual econo¬mic activity due to confinement in Colombia. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v14.4833
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Responsible public procurement
Authors: Bragado López Virginia , Enciso Yzaguirre Vicente Luis , Muñoz Del Nogal Noelia
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: Bragado López, V., Enciso Yzaguirre, V, L., & Muñoz Del Nogal, N. (2023). Responsible public procurement. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–15. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v14.4832
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Logistic regression for the classification and risks for professional perfomance
Authors: Cortez Gutiérrez Hernán Óscar , Cortez Gutiérrez Milton Milcíades , Grados Gamarra Juan Herber , Rubiños Jiménez Santiago Linder , Espinoza Flores Braulio Pedro
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: Cortez Gutiérrez, H. O., Cortez Gutiérrez, M. M., Grados Gamarra, J. H., Rubiños Jiménez, S. L., & Espinoza Flores, B. P. (2023). Logistic regression for the classification and risks for professional perfomance. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–11. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v13.4967
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
RETRACTION NOTICE: Learning science through art: the atelier as an opportunity for teaching innovation
Authors: Marenco Mara Paola , Varela Gadea Florencia , Peralta Conde Álvaro
Published: July 2024

Retraction note: Marenco Mara, P., Varela Gadea, F., & Peralta Conde, A. (2023). Learning science through art: the atelier as an opportunity for teaching innovation. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review Revista Internacional De Tecnología, Ciencia Y Sociedad, 15(1), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.37467/revtechno.v13.4792
The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review.
Aleitamento materno: desmame precoce e suas consequências: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Kaike Oliveira , Sousa Ribeiro Daniela Freire
Published: July 2024

Objetivos: Este artigo tem como principal objetivo ressaltar a importância do aleitamento materno exclusivo para o desenvolvimento do bebê e caso haja uma interrupção na amamentação, antes dos seis meses, salientar as consequências/complicações que causam na saúde da criança em curto, médio ou longo prazo. Fonte dos dados: Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão bibliografia de artigos publicados no Scielo, Pubmed e Lilacs, com uma abordagem explicativa e qualitativa, usando descritores como: Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo, Desmame Precoce, Leite Materno e Desenvolvimento do Bebê, Composição do Leite Materno e Saúde da Criança. Síntese dos dados: Inicialmente, foram encontradas 56 referências, as quais foram selecionadas apenas 15, por estarem de acordo ao assunto que seria abordado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que são diversos os fatores que podem acarretar ao desmame precoce, como: insegurança, falta de apoio por parte do parceiro(a) ou família, orientações recebidas incorretas sobre amamentação, preocupação com a estética, além de outros fatores, os quais podem ocasionar na interrupção precoce do aleitamento materno exclusivo e consequentemente acarreta complicações no desenvolvimento do bebê, como: diabetes, doenças infecciosas, obesidade, diabetes mellitus tipo I, alergias e até mesmo a morte infantil.
Qualidade de Vida do Estudante de Medicina
Authors: Carneiro Pessoa Júlia , Velloso Kavadi Maria Fernanda , Dos Santos Gonçalves Natália , De Souza Pozzato Thayane , Dortas Junior Sérgio
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O termo qualidade de vida (QV) possui, atualmente, destaque importante em todos os segmentos da sociedade, sendo significativos os aspectos que podem ter influência na QV do indivíduo e da sociedade em geral.
Objetivo: Avaliar a QV de estudantes de medicina de uma instituição privada de ensino.
Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal e analítico, dos diversos aspectos capazes de impactar na QV dos estudantes do curso de medicina, do primeiro ao décimo segundo período do curso, com o uso do questionário WHOQOL-bref.
Resultados: Foram incluídos 135 estudantes. Quanto aos domínios avaliados pelo WHOQOL-bref, o Psicológico foi o pior com média de 12.67, seguido pelo domínio físico com 13.11, autoavaliação da QV com média 13.88, Meio Ambiente com 14.27, e com a melhor avaliação o domínio de Relações Sociais com 14.55. Nos domínios avaliados, a média da qualidade de vida foi superior a 60 pontos quanto ao Ambiente e Relações Sociais, sendo compatível com a percepção boa da qualidade de vida. Por outro lado, a média da qualidade de vida relacionada aos domínios físico e psicológico foram inferiores a 60, porém superiores a 50; compatível com percepção ruim da qualidade de vida.
Conclusão: A QV dos estudantes de medicina incluídos no estudo é considerada boa quanto as relações sociais e o ambiente acadêmico. Entretanto verificamos uma percepção ruim quantos aos seus aspectos físicos e psicológicos, com uma interpretação pessoal de insatisfação. Consideramos que o principal aspecto a ser modificado ao que concerne a melhora da QV dos estudantes de medicina seria o estímulo a uma maior participação dos familiares na vida dos estudantes, e o estímulo a realização de atividades físicas como forma de lazer.
Aleitamento materno em área rural: revisão de escopo
Authors: Eurich Ana Elisa , De Jesus Ferreira Micheli
Published: July 2024

Objetivos: sistematizar as evidências sobre aleitamento materno em área rural. 
Fontes de Dados: Esta revisão de escopo realizada conforme as recomendações do The Joanna Briggs Institute buscou responder a questão: “como é conduzido o aleitamento materno em área rural?” Utilizando os descritores “aleitamento materno”; “área rural”; “populações rurais” no mês de maio de 2022, nas bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE via PUBMED®; Índice Acumulado de Enfermagem e Literatura Técnica de Saúde (CINAHL via EBSCO); Embase; Scopus; Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Google Scholar; Dart-e e Web of Science, foram encontrados 219 artigos, dos quais 31 foram incluídos.
Síntese dos Dados: o aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) em área rural tem a prevalência entre 9,7% e 55%, com duração média de até 4 meses. Sendo permeado por influências condicionantes e limitadoras, como a rede de apoio, fatores econômicos, educacionais e socioculturais.
Conclusões:  o aleitamento materno em área rural tem sido conduzido a partir da prática tradicional e familiar com pouca presença profissional, tendo pouca clareza do AME. Conclui-se a necessidade de proteção e promoção ao aleitamento materno com olhar sobre as especificidades e vulnerabilidades desta população.
A prevalência do uso de drogas por estudantes de medicina: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Vanderley de Sousa Jaíza , Andrade Teles Bruno Klecius , Vanderley de Sousa Jailma , Andrade Teles Monteiro Nayara Mary , Brito de Azevedo Leonardo , Haupenthal Junior Ricardo , Marques Pereira Teixeira Magno
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o que diz a literatura científica acerca da relação entre prevalência do uso de drogas e estudantes de medicina. Metodologia: revisão Integrativa da literatura, cuja coleta ocorreu nos meses de março e abril do ano de 2023, utilizando a estratégia de busca: estudantes de medicina AND drogas de abuso e medical students AND drugs of abuse nas bases Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), e também do Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultados: Foram analisados 6 artigos, produzidos no Brasil, publicados no período de 2010 a 2023, com ênfase nos estudantes de medicina de universidades públicas e particulares. As pesquisas somaram uma amostra de 1637 participantes, com idade predominante de 18 a 30 anos. A droga mais consumida foi o álcool (cerca de 80%), das ilícitas a maconha foi a principal droga consumida (em torno de 20,3%). Em relação às drogas psicotrópicas, dos 747 estudantes questionados sobre o uso, cerca de 27% já haviam consumido em algum momento da vida. Referiu-se como motivações de uso a presença de transtornos psicológicos, os efeitos estimulantes, curiosidade e sensação de liberdade. Conclusão: O uso de drogas é frequente entre os estudantes de medicina, havendo aumento do índice de consumo e de diagnósticos de transtornos psicológicos após ingressarem na universidade. Tal percepção exibe a importância do desenvolvimento de mecanismos de proteção e cuidado da saúde mental desses indivíduos.
Extra-digital glomus tumour of the forehead: a case report of a solitary solid histopathologic subtype
Authors: Rahman Adam Tolulope , Awosusi Babatope
Published: July 2024

Background: Glomus tumours (GT) are benign neoplasms that develop from neuro-myoarterial structures known as “glomus bodies” involved in temperature and blood pressure control. GT rarely occur in the head and neck region, and the specific location of the glomus tumour on the forehead is even more uncommon.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 36-year-old female who presented with painless swelling on the forehead of one year duration with a progressive increase in size. Physical examination showed a small forehead swelling with an initial clinical diagnosis of a sebaceous cyst. The patient had local excision of forehead swelling which was submitted for histopathologic examination.
Discussion: The initial histological differential diagnosis included glomus tumour, benign skin adnexal tumour and PEComa. The formalin-fixed-paraffin embedded tissue blocks of the lesion were then subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The tumour cells were negative for cytokeratin and positive for SMA and S100. Based on the morphology and immunohistochemical staining characteristics of the tumour cells, a diagnosis of glomus tumour was made.
Conclusion: Glomus tumour occurring on the forehead is uncommon. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry may be needed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other close differential diagnoses.
Factors That Influence Increased Revenue: Baggage Drop Services, Determining Flight Time Slots, and Selection of Tenants
Authors: Yudistiawan Yudistiawan , Permana Verry Rizki , Simarmata Juliater
Published: July 2024

Article on factors that influence increasing revenue: baggage drop service, determining flight time slots, and tenant selection within the scope of marketing management science. This article aims to create hypotheses regarding the relationship between factors, which can then be used for further research in the field of marketing management. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data used in this research comes from previous research which is still relevant to the current investigation. Data was collected from leading academic online platforms, including Publish or Perish, Google Scholar, digital reference books, and Sprott journals. The results of this literature research include: 1) Baggage drop services have an effect on increasing revenue; 2) Determining the flight slot time has an effect on increasing revenue; and 3) Tenant selection has an effect on increasing revenue.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Satisfaction and Repurchase Intent at Coffee Shops in Bogor Regency
Authors: Krisyanti Yosi , Indrajaya Sonny
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the factors that influence coffee shop consumers in Bogor Regency. This research was conducted using quantitative methods. The population is coffee shop consumers in Bogor Regency whose exact number is unknown. The sample in this study was 225 consumers of medicinal coffee shops. The questionnaire presents statements that resp ondents must choose from strongly agree to strongly disagree on a scale of 1-5 points. Hypothesis testing uses Structural Equation Model Wrap PLS. The results of hypothesis testing show that the relationship between variables is related and significant, both directly and through mediation.
Analysis Of The Influence Of Artificial Intelligence On Business Innovation (Literature Review Study)
Authors: Setiawan Jodi , Hendayana Yayan
Published: July 2024

Technology plays a very important role in a business, one of which is Artificial Intelligence (AI). This research was conducted to determine the impact of AI on business innovation and the challenges faced in its implementation. This research is carried out using the Literature Review method. Data in this research is collected through various electronic media. The findings in this study are AI can automate routine tasks, increase accuracy and efficiency, and provide in-depth data analysis. Although AI replaces many human analytical skills, the need for intuitive and empathetic abilities is increasing. This shows the importance of a new approach in human-machine interaction, where AI and human skills work synergistically to provide optimal service. But in its implementation, AI has obstacles such as costs, privacy, quality of human resources, and legal regulations. Overall it can be underlined that Artificial Intelligence (AI) affects the business of business.
Development of the Indonesian Government's Digital Transformation
Authors: Gusman Sandra Willia
Published: July 2024

Digital transformation has been the center of attention in efforts to modernize government in Indonesia in the last decade. This article documents the evolution and impact of the Indonesian government's digital transformation initiatives from 2010 to 2024. The Indonesian government has taken significant steps in encouraging the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) to improve administrative efficiency, increase openness, and provide easier and faster access to public services. Key initiatives include the development of an e-government platform that provides online services from various government departments and agencies, as well as the implementation of an integrated data management system to improve evidence-based decision-making. In addition, Indonesia has also moved towards further digitalization by utilizing big data to formulate public policies that are more effective and responsive to the needs of the community. The national digital infrastructure being developed, such as the Palapa Ring, is an important foundation in supporting equitable internet connectivity across the country, facilitating digital inclusion in remote and urban areas. However, this digital transformation process is also faced with a number of challenges, including data security, technology accessibility in remote areas, and the readiness of human resources to adopt new technologies. This article also highlights the government's efforts to build people's capacity to utilize digital technology effectively through training and education programs. Overall, the Indonesian government's digital transformation has had a significant impact in improving administrative efficiency and transparency, as well as expanding access to public services. This article concludes by evaluating the opportunities and challenges ahead, as well as the broader implications of digital transformation on public participation and inclusive economic growth in this digital era.
Breaking Down Barriers to Inclusion: Stories of Grade Four Teachers in Maintream Classrooms
Authors: T. Bacolor Leanecar
Published: July 2024

This qualitative phenomenological study examined the experiences, coping mechanisms, and educational insights gleaned by eight elementary school teachers in Tibungco District, Davao City as they broke down barriers of inclusion in modern classrooms. Themes of their experiences that were identified included feeling overwhelmed and unprepared, facing resistance from parents and colleagues, and feeling like they are not making a difference. Coping mechanisms employed were building a supportive classroom environment, seeking professional guidance, and advocating for policy changes. Educational insights included promoting a supportive learning environment, differentiated instruction and learning materials, and collaboration with support services and stakeholders. These findings highlight the interconnectedness of diverse skills in handling and breaking down inclusion barriers. Furthermore, exploring teachers' experiences not only contributes to a nuanced understanding of modern teaching demands but also provides valuable insights for both educators and educational institutions, potentially leading to improvements in classroom management and inclusive teaching strategies.
Mediating Effect of Encouraging Attitude of School Principals on Personal Well-Being and Career Ethics of Teachers
Authors: O. Alvarado La Leah
Published: July 2024

The goal of the current study was to determine if intercultural sensitivity and instructors' job satisfaction were significantly mediated by their etiquette instruction. The 200 public elementary school teachers in Davao City's Maa District were chosen by the researcher to participate in this study as study respondents. Using a stratified random sample technique, the respondents were chosen. A quantitative non-experimental study design with a descriptive-correlational methodology was used. The following statistical techniques were applied to the collected data: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation, and Heirarchical Regression Analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis indicated that although instructors' intercultural sensitivity was assessed as relatively extensive, their work fulfillment and teaching etiquette were described as extensive. Additionally, correlation analysis showed a strong connection between teachers' culturally sensitivity, job satisfaction, and teaching etiquette in Davao Central District, Davao City. Heirarchical regression analysis clearly shown that intercultural sensitivity and teachers' job satisfaction in Davao City's Maa District are significantly influenced by professional manners. Put differently, since teaching etiquette strengthens relationships, it has a major moderating effect on teachers' intercultural sensitivity and job satisfaction.
Detoxification from brian-drain debate: A close review to bitter reality in reference to Nepal
Authors: Dahal Atindra
Published: July 2024

Contrary to claims made by some scholars who have not thoroughly assessed the situation, this article argues that Nepal does not suffer from brain drain. The paper adopts an academic and archival approach, utilising qualitative desk­top research methods to comprehensively examine the issue. The arguments presented are supported by the Delphi method and firsthand experiences. The study relies on secondary sources supplemented by personal observations and informal discussions to provide a well-rounded perspective. Recent pub­lications accessed through widely used archiving platforms are given priority to ensure the credibility and relevance of the sources cited. Through this rigorous methodology, the paper concludes that the real issue plaguing Nepal is excessive labour drain, not brain drain. The analysis reveals that the notion of brain drain in Nepal is largely a misconception, with only a neg­ligible number of individuals falling into this category. The de­parture of this small group has not significantly hampered the nation's dignity or development. On the contrary, the labour drain has created a severe shortage of workers in critical sectors, impeding the nation's progress and exacerbating economic vul­nerabilities. Therefore, it is imperative to reorient strategies to address the labour drain by focusing on creating employment opportunities, improving working con­ditions, and offering incentives for workers to stay. By concentrating on these areas, Nepal can curb the outflow of its labour force and channel the energy and skills of its people towards national devel­opment. Consequently, the paper asserts that it is unnecessary to no longer concern oneself with brain drain.
Does the Correlation between 2MRS Galaxies and the CMB Indicate an Unmodeled CMB Foreground?
Authors: Addison Graeme E.
Published: July 2024

We revisit the claimed detection of a new cosmic microwave background (CMB) foreground based on the correlation between low-redshift Two Micron All Sky Survey Redshift Survey (2MRS) galaxies and CMB temperature maps from the Planck and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe missions. We reproduce the reported measurements but argue that the original analysis significantly underestimated the uncertainties. We cross-correlate the 2MRS galaxy positions with simulated CMB maps and show that the correlation measured with the real data for late-type spiral galaxies at angular scales θ ≥ 0.°1 and redshift cz < 4500 km s−1 is consistent with zero at the 1.7σ level or less, depending on the exact CMB map and simulation construction. This was the sample that formed the basis for the original detection claim. For smaller angular separations the results are not robust to galaxy type or CMB cleaning method, and we are unable to draw firm conclusions. The original analysis did not propose a specific, falsifiable physical correlation mechanism, and it is impossible to rule out any contribution from an underlying physical effect. However, given our calculations, the lack of signal from expanding the redshift range, and the lack of corroboration from other galaxy surveys, we do not find the evidence for a new CMB foreground signal compelling.
Formation Pathways of the Compact Stellar Systems
Authors: Jang J. K. , Yi Sukyoung K. , Rey Soo-Chang , Rhee Jinsu , Dubois Yohan , Kimm Taysun , Pichon Christophe , Kraljic Katarina , Kim Suk
Published: July 2024

The formation pathways of compact stellar systems (CSSs) are still under debate. We utilize the NewHorizon simulation to investigate the origins of such objects in the field environment. We identified 55 CSS candidates in the simulation whose properties are similar to those of the observed ultracompact dwarfs and compact ellipticals (cEs). All but two most massive objects (cE candidates) are a result of a short starburst. Sixteen are formed by tidal stripping, while the other 39 are intrinsically compact from their birth. The stripped objects originate from dwarf-like galaxies with a dark halo, but most of their dark matter is stripped through their orbital motion around a more massive neighbor galaxy. The 39 intrinsically compact systems are further divided into associated or isolated groups, depending on whether they were born near a massive dark halo or not. The isolated intrinsically compact objects (seven) are born in a dark halo and their stellar properties are older and metal-poor compared to the associated counterparts (32). The stripped compact objects occupy a distinct region in the age–metallicity plane from the intrinsically compact objects. The associated intrinsically compact objects in our sample have never had a dark halo; they are the surviving star clumps of a massive galaxy.
A Generative Model for Realistic Galaxy Cluster X-Ray Morphologies
Authors: Benyas Maya , Pfeifer Jordan , Mantz Adam B. , Allen Steven W. , Darragh-Ford Elise
Published: July 2024

The X-ray morphologies of clusters of galaxies display significant variations, reflecting their dynamical histories and the nonlinear dependence of X-ray emissivity on the density of the intracluster gas. Qualitative and quantitative assessments of X-ray morphology have long been considered a proxy for determining whether clusters are dynamically active or “relaxed.” Conversely, the use of circularly or elliptically symmetric models for cluster emission can be complicated by the variety of complex features realized in nature, spanning scales from megaparsecs down to the resolution limit of current X-ray observatories. In this work, we use mock X-ray images from simulated clusters from The Three Hundred project to define a basis set of cluster image features. We take advantage of the clusters’ approximate self-similarity to minimize the differences between images before encoding the remaining diversity through a distribution of high-order polynomial coefficients. Principal component analysis then provides an orthogonal basis for this distribution, corresponding to natural perturbations from an average model. This representation allows novel, realistically complex X-ray cluster images to be easily generated, and we provide code to do so. The approach provides a simple way to generate training data for cluster image analysis algorithms and could be straightforwardly adapted to generate clusters displaying specific types of features or selected by physical characteristics available in the original simulations.
Detecting Novel Damped Lyα Absorbers in the Intergalactic Medium
Authors: Lee Katherine C.
Published: July 2024

Damped Lyα (DLA) absorbers are a class of quasar absorption line systems that can be used to trace hydrogen evolution and study gas, composition, kinematics, and stellar formation in galaxies or the intergalactic medium in the early universe. In this study, the number of DLA absorbers found with a deep learning algorithm is augmented using metal Mg ii absorbers as signposts. The artificial training data was generated by inserting synthetic absorption lines into spectra. Using previously identified DLAs as a test set, the model returned a 94.6% accuracy score and 1197 new DLA absorbers, which nearly doubles the previously known number of samples within the search catalog. Additionally, the column density and Doppler broadening are measured on the newly found DLA absorbers through Voigt profile fitting.
Dynamic simulation of diploid vs. triploid Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) productive performance in northwestern Mexico
Authors: Ascencio-Michel Roberto , Ibarra Ana María , Araneda-Padilla Marcelo , Ponce-Díaz Germán , Vergara-Solana Francisco Javier
Published: July 2024

The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas was introduced in northwestern Mexico for aquaculture purposes. Although its cultivation has been successful, this species has shown high mortalities during summer. To mitigate this problem, producers have resorted to biotechnology (triploidy), whose performance -regarding diploid seedling- depends on site conditions and stocking time. Hence, uncertainty exists on its benefits under real production conditions. This research evaluates triploidy performance by implementing a dynamic simulation model considering environmental effects (temperature and chlorophyll) on culture production. The dynamic simulation was based on systems theory, dividing the productive system into two sub-models (environmental and biological), including temperature and chlorophyll effects, growth, mortality, and condition index parameterized in the function of the environmental parameters. The dynamic simulation results suggest that implementing triploid culture is advantageous in zones under high stress associated with high temperature and low productivity; likewise, triploid spat tends to show better performance independently of the site. Nevertheless, performance by ploidy varies depending on the environmental conditions of the sites.
Using trophic modeling: evaluating fisheries discard effect on the Río de la Plata Estuary and coastal shelf
Authors: Damiano Gustavo , Lercari Diego
Published: July 2024

While fishing discards and bycatch are worrisome for fisheries management, research has been mainly focused on commercial or threatened species, while the ecosystem effects were largely neglected. In this work, the effects of discard and fishing efforts on the structure and the functioning of the food web of the Río de la Plata (RdlP) were analyzed using mass balance and dynamic trophic modeling. Discard is consumed almost entirely by several species with a large preference for it, producing mixed trophic impacts. The role of discard on the global attributes of the RdlP ecosystem does not seem important, resulting in a low incidence in trophic flows, growth, and development of the trophic web. Dynamic simulations showed a mixed response to variations of discards, with some groups responding positively and others negatively. For example, a decrease in discards would produce a slight decrease in the biomass of most functional groups, being more pronounced in the predators of the system. Variations in biomass produced by discards are more sensitive under the assumption of bottom-up ecosystem control than mixed control and to a lesser extent under top-down control. Our work confirms a complex relationship between discards and ecosystem functioning, warning about the beneficial result of discard reduction policies.
Seagrasses in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: species, distribution ecology, blue carbon, and threats
Authors: Samper-Villarreal Jimena
Published: July 2024

Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) seagrasses are composed of three genera and four species: Halophila baillonii, Halodule beaudettei, Halodule wrightii, and Ruppia maritima. These are colonizing seagrass species and meadows in the ETP can be ephemeral. Current seagrass distribution in this region remains unknown, with verified extant presence at a limited number of locations and mapping heavily reliant on historical reports. Suitable environmental conditions for seagrasses in the ETP consist of sheltered bays <10 m depth with fine sediment, 19-35 salinity, 26-32°C temperature, and water transparency of up to 10 m Secchi depth. In this region, seagrass organic carbon (OC) biomass pools (<0.2 Mg ha-1) have been reported from three locations, while sediment bulk density (<1.4 g mL-1) and OC (<24 Mg ha-1) have been reported from eight locations, all found on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Recent blue carbon reports from the ETP have not been included in global assessments to date. OC sequestration and sediment accumulation rates are currently unknown. Seagrasses provide key ecosystem services yet they are also threatened by anthropogenic and natural stressors. Seagrasses have already disappeared from two locations within the ETP, with restoration efforts currently underway on the northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica. This overview of our current understanding of seagrasses in the ETP and their services highlights the need for further research in this understudied region.
Effect of shelters on the growth and cultivation performance of the endemic snail, Pomacea patula catemacensis, cultured in a recirculating system during its grow-out
Authors: Linton-Izquierdo César , Jiménez-García Isabel , Navarro-Angulo Leonardo I. , Pérez-Legaspi Ignacio A. , Ortega-Clemente Luis A. , Rojas-García Carlos R.
Published: July 2024

This study describes the process of Pomacea patula catemacensis grow-out in outdoor tanks. Experimental juvenile snails (1.5-2 months old) obtained from wild breeding snails were reared using a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The present study focused on increasing the surface area of growth tanks to be used by snails without affecting their growth and survival by adding shelters throughout the water column, which also worked to harbor snails. Two treatments were tested; T1: shelters made with curved clay tiles, T2: curved PVC shelters, and control (without shelters) in triplicate. The stocking density was set at 420 ind m-2 in tanks with 1 m3 total volume, and the culture period was 150 days. The final weight of the snails was significantly higher in control and PVC shelter groups (9.14 ± 2.2 and 8.83 ± 2.31 g, respectively), with PVC shelters showing the highest productivity in total biomass (12.03 ± 0.86 kg tank-1, P < 0.05). Final survival (%) was not significantly different among treatments (56.49 ± 1.62 to 58.05 ± 0.62).
Records of Isistius sp. (Elasmobranchii: Squaliformes: Dalatiidae), from the Azores archipelago, inferred by fresh bite marks in dolphins
Authors: Barcelos Luís M. D. , Barreiros João B. , Barreiros João P.
Published: July 2024

The marine waters around the Azores archipelago have been studied for quite a long time. Deeper areas, however, were historically poorly accessible and only now previously unreported species are recorded regularly. Our monitoring efforts of the Azorean ichthyofauna have recently revealed two cases of indirect evidence of the presence of a cookiecutter shark (Isistius sp.). The evidence, documented photographically, was in the form of explicit bite marks on two dolphins representing two separate species: the Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis (Cuvier, 1829) and the short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758. The two dolphins swam close to Terceira Island. No specimens have yet been collected. The shape, and size of the wounds observed suggest that they were inflicted by a cookiecutter shark. The fresh state of the injuries suggests they were sustained recently in the proximity of the Azores.
Causes of admissions and mortality in patients of a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Bulgaria
Authors: Lazarova Ivanka , Balieva Gergana , Klisurov Ivailo
Published: July 2024

Wildlife rescue centres are specialised units with ecological, conservational and veterinary medical activities, which include treatment, rehabilitation, breeding and releasing rare and endangered wild animals into their natural habitat, as well as environmental education. These centres provide an opportunity to monitor ongoing ecological changes in wildlife, environmental pollution and emerging diseases. With the present study, we aimed to analyse the causes and conservation status of the largest wildlife rehabilitation centre in Bulgaria. A total of 18,720 patients, from 26 orders with various conservation statuses and different etiology, have been admitted to the rehabilitation centre for over 25 years. The summarised results showed that 40% of the patients were admitted with an unknown etiology and the proportion of anthropogenic causes was 18%. Natural factors related to incidents with wild animals were 32%, while a share of 10% of the wildlife which resided at the WRBC referred to a part of re-introduction programmes. This type of analysis of wildlife rehabilitation centres could provide useful information about the status of populations and ecosystems, as well as support conservation practices.
Utilization of the FTIR spectroscopic method for the quantitative determination of the narrow therapeutic index levothyroxine sodium in pharmaceutical tablets
Authors: AlBathish Malak , Gazy Azza , Al Jamal Marwa , Bejjani Alice
Published: July 2024

Levothyroxine sodium is a narrow therapeutic index drug used for the treatment of hypothyroidism. The medication is marketed in tablet form with very low doses ranging from 25 to 150 µg, which requires the development of a sensitive quantitative analytical method to ensure a safe and effective pharmacological response. In the present work, a Fourier transform infrared method has been developed and validated for levothyroxine sodium determination in various pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method involves selectively extracting levothyroxine sodium from the studied tablets using chloroform as solvent, then depositing it on a KBr pellet, followed by infrared measurements and spectra analysis. The peak band area corresponding to the C=C centered at 1409 cm-1 has been chosen for the quantification. The method has been validated according to ICH guidelines and was found to be simple, precise, accurate, and specific. The linearity, detection, and quantitation limits are 25–800, 8.121, and 24.545 µg/pellet, respectively. These values confer the method’s sensitivity and applicability for the determination of different pharmaceutical tablets with various dosages. A statistical comparison with a reference HPLC method showed no significant difference. Accordingly, the developed method can be employed for quality control testing of levothyroxine sodium due to its simplicity and the absence of sophisticated instrumentation and procedures.

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A first revision of the Andrena of Iraq (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae), with the description of two new species from Iraqi Kurdistan and additional records from surrounding countries
Authors: Wood Thomas J. , Ismael Halgurd R. , Baiocchi Daniele , Hamad Mudhafar I. , Bapir Tahseen T. , Selis Marco
Published: July 2024

Iraq is a large country in the Middle East region that borders both Turkey and Iran, countries known to host two of the largest bee faunas globally, as expected for a group of insects that favour dry to Mediterranean climates. Despite this huge regional species richness, the bee fauna of Iraq is chronically understudied and poorly known, both in relative and absolute terms. This is true for the hyper-speciose bee genus Andrena, for which only 17 species have been previously published for Iraq. This work is the first modern contribution to the revision of the Andrena fauna of Iraq. Based on new specimen collections in Duhok Governorate (Iraqi Kurdistan) during 2023, a revised total of 59 Andrena species for Iraq (42 species recorded for the first time) is presented, including the description of two new species: Andrena (Aciandrena) duhokensis Wood, sp. nov. and Andrena (Notandrena) baiocchii Wood, sp. nov. The unknown males of A. (Micrandrena) elam Wood, 2022, A. (Micrandrena) obsidiana Wood, 2022, and A. (Notandrena) ayna Wood, 2023 are described. Andrena bakrajoensis Amin & Mawlood, 2019, syn. nov. is synonymised with A. (Holandrena) variabilis Smith, 1853. Additional records are presented from nearby Middle Eastern countries, particularly Lebanon. These results highlight the fundamentally understudied nature of the Iraqi Andrena fauna.
Les métamorphoses du pacifisme en Allemagne – le SPD et les Verts face à la guerre en Ukraine
Authors: Chappedelaine Bernard
Published: July 2024

Résumé Le SPD et les Verts se sont longtemps reconnus dans le pacifisme, très prégnant dans la culture politique de l’Allemagne d’après-guerre, avec des nuances toutefois, puisqu’Helmut Schmidt a voulu le déploiement d’euromissiles en RFA et que Joschka Fischer a soutenu l’opération militaire de l’OTAN en Serbie. L’agression de l’Ukraine en février 2022, signifie, selon l’expression du chancelier Scholz, un « changement d’époque » («  Zeitenwende  »), qui met un terme au pacifisme tel qu’il avait pu exister depuis 1945, sans cependant éliminer les différences entre Sociaux-démocrates et Écologistes. Les Verts, qui avaient manifesté plus de lucidité sur la dérive autoritaire de Vladimir Poutine, affichent leur fermeté face au Kremlin et sont déterminés à poursuivre l’aide militaire à Kiev. En difficulté sur la scène politique interne et toujours nostalgiques de l’ère Brandt, Olaf Scholz et le SPD apparaissent désireux de prendre en compte les craintes de l’opinion, inquiète d’une escalade du conflit. Ils tentent de se présenter comme le « parti de la paix » («  Friedenspartei  »), positionnement qui leur vaut les critiques d’un groupe d’historiens sociaux-démocrates, et notamment de Heinrich August Winkler, qui déplorent, outre des erreurs de communication, un inventaire insuffisant de l’ Ostpolitik , une mauvaise compréhension de la réalité du régime russe et une stratégie peu lisible.
Le rejet du totalitarisme chez Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) et Manès Sperber (1905-1984)
Authors: Corbin Anne-Marie
Published: July 2024

Résumé Parmi les émigrés antifascistes allemands et autrichiens qui durent fuir l’Allemagne nazie à partir de 1933, la théorie la plus célèbre sur le totalitarisme demeure celle de Hannah Arendt en 1951, figure aujourd’hui encore toujours fascinante, qui intègre l’évolution de l’Union soviétique. En revanche, l’essai théorique de Manès Sperber de 1939 sur ce même sujet est injustement oublié. On évoquera dans cet article ces deux personnalités qui appartiennent à la même génération et durent leur salut à leur émigration hors de l’Allemagne nazie, comme le montrera la première partie consacrée à leurs itinéraires jusqu’en 1945. Tous deux passèrent par Paris avant de fuir l’une vers les États-Unis, l’autre vers la Suisse. Points communs et divergences dans leur réflexion théorique sur le totalitarisme sont ensuite présentés. Une dernière partie aborde leur engagement dans la lutte active contre les totalitarismes de leur époque.
Associations, chunks, hierarchies, attention, and analogy: What do we need?
Authors: M. Kapatsinski Vsevolod
Published: July 2024

Plus de soixante ans après la révolution cognitive, la théorie de l’apprentissage reste fragmentée et a grand besoin d’être intégrée. L’article en question présente un cadre de réflexion sur l’apprentissage dans une perspective associationniste, dans laquelle toutes les connaissances sont constituées d’associations apprises entre des éléments. Ce commentaire reconnaît que l’associationnisme offre une approche prometteuse de la théorie de l’apprentissage et qu’il est particulièrement adapté à l’intégration des études comportementales de l’apprentissage avec les neurosciences et les sciences cognitives computationnelles. Cependant, certains des postulats spécifiques de l’article cible sont discutables et (s’ils sont considérés comme caractéristiques du cadre) réduiraient indment la portée de l’associationnisme. En particulier, je soutiens que l’associationnisme est compatible avec les modèles d’apprentissage profond, dont les règles d’apprentissage reflètent celles proposées dans la littérature sur l’apprentissage animal. La théorie de l’attention sélective apprise est également entièrement compatible avec l’associationnisme et fournit aux modèles d’apprentissage associatif à la fois une définition spécifique de l’attention et des hypothèses testables sur ses effets dans l’apprentissage.
Associative Learning, from Conceptualization to Implementation
Authors: Eugenio Tovar Ángel , Westermann Gert
Published: July 2024

Deux idées principales apparaissent dans l’associationnisme radical unifié de Rey : 1) l’utilisation de l’apprentissage hebbien comme cadre computationnel unifié dans la science psychologique, 2) l’utilisation des associations comme une construction unique pour rendre compte des activités mentales. Il a été démontré que l’apprentissage hebbien rendait compte de répertoires comportementaux complexes dans des paradigmes expérimentaux issus de différentes traditions psychologiques. Nous passons ici en revue les mécanismes de traitement qui sous-tendent un répertoire aussi complexe, nous suggérons deux points supplémentaires pour étendre l’hypothèse associationniste et nous soulignons la nécessité de comprendre comment les mécanismes d’apprentissage associatif mis en œuvre sont équilibrés et modulés. Nous pensons que ces points sont essentiels pour les recherches futures afin de soutenir ou de remettre en question les deux idées principales de l’associationnisme radical unifié de Rey.